bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Documentary archives of the Museum of History of Kazan state medical university as historical source
Authors: Ivanova R G
Published: November 2019

The aim of the research - to evaluate complex documentary archives stored in the Museum of History of Kazan State Medical University as a source providing evidence needed for the reconstruction of various historic events linked to high medical education in Kazan. Source-classification methods, as well as external and internal criticism of historical documentary sources were applied. The article discusses the features of the documentary sources study analysis of the documentary archives stored at the Museum of History of the Kazan State Medical University. Stages of forming of a number of documentary collections that became the product of faculties, institute and later university clinical and theoretical departments’ activities, are characterized. While structuring an array of written sources, the decision to allocate three fundamental stages that determined the particular characteristics of documentary collections creation was made. The features of numerous documents were considered; their value for reconstruction of separate aspects of national medical science development in general, as well as the activities of the Kazan medical schools in particular, were defined. As a result of the source-study analysis of the written sources deposited in the Museum of History of Kazan State Medical University five independent groups were allocated. These are collection of business documents; collection of state certification documents; collection of personal papers; collection of official documents reserving copyrights; collection of manuscripts of scientific researches of scientists-physicians. Results of research allow to determine the source value and information potential of documentary archives of the Museum of history of the Kazan State Medical University. Written sources fund is an important historical source for studying the history of the Kazan medical schools, in general, and individual medical scientists, in particular. From the source-study point of view, an extensive array of documents that were not previously included in the scientific examination and require comprehensive analysis, are of considerable interest. Among them there are documents of healthcare manager V.V. Treiman, internist V.F. Bogoyavlenskiy, neurologist L.I. Omorokov, etc. Thus, documentary collections contribute to the expansion of the source base for researches.
Vasomodulating function of the endothelium in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
Authors: Baygildina A A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the content of endothelin-1, nitric oxide (II) and the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme in the blood of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, depending on the period and the severity of the disease in order to assess their role in the pathogenesis and to develop a pathogenetically substantiated correction of the changes in the systemic vascular tone. Methods. The group of dynamic study included 114 patients (102 male and 12 female) with serologically confirmed hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome aged 22-55 years. The moderately severe form was diagnosed in 66 patients, severe uncomplicated form - in 27, severe form with complications - in 21 patients. The control group comprised 23 practically healthy volunteers. The concentration of endothelin-1 in blood plasma, the contents of metabolic products of nitric oxide (II) and the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme in the blood serum were determined. Results. The concentration of endothelin-1 in the blood in the dynamics of the disease significantly decreased, the content of the final stable metabolites of nitric oxide (II) and the activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme increased with statistical significance in all periods of the disease. These changes were most pronounced during severe forms of the disease with complications. Conclusion. In moderately severe and severe uncomplicated forms of the disease the endothelium is able to maintain the systemic vascular tone and tissue perfusion at a physiological level, however in severe form with complications the changes in the synthesis of vasomodulating substances may be involved in the development of complications.
Development of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children who are in long-term remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Teplyakova E D , Savis’ko A A , Shestopalov A V , Aslanyan K S
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the frequency and nature of myocardial damage in children on the background of long-term remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, to assess the significance of the concentration of the N-terminal precursor of the brain natriuretic peptide and of the protein that binds fatty acids in blood serum. Methods. The observation group included 22 children aged 7 to 17 years, who are in long-term remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The average duration of the remission was 6.1±1.0 years. All children were treated according to the standard and intermediate risk group protocol ALL-MB-2002. The control group included 65 children. A clinical and instrumental examination, including 12-lead electrocardiography, as well as complex transthoracic Doppler echocardiography was conducted. Analysis of the diastolic function of the myocardium was performed during assessment of the ratio of peak transmitral flow velocities (E/A), of the index of myocardial stiffness and of the time indicator B(E-Ea). The content of the N-terminal precursor of the brain natriuretic peptide and of the protein that binds fatty acids in blood serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. Results. In 70% of the children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are in the remission stage for over 5 years, noted was the development of early signs of diastolic myocardial dysfunction, in 50% of the patients of this group reported was a significant increase in the concentration of the marker of heart failure - brain natriuretic peptide. At the same time, in a third of the examined individuals an increase in concentration of the protein that binds fatty acids was revealed, which may be indicative of myocardial damage at the cellular level. Positive correlation links between the indicators of initial manifestations of the evolving left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children, who are in long-term remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and the content of the N-terminal precursor of the brain natriuretic peptide have been revealed. Conclusion. The increase in the levels of the mentioned indicators makes it possible to identify high-risk groups for cardiovascular disease development among the cohort of children who are in long-term remission of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in order to develop preventive and rehabilitative programs.
Visual acuity at intermediate distances after implantation of different models of intraocular lenses
Authors: Chuprov A D , Ivonin K S , Zamyrov A A , Kudryavtseva Yu V
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the rehabilitative effect of treatment of cataracts by implanting trifocal refractive-diffractive soft intraocular lens MIOL-Record 3. Methods. 192 patients (216 eyes) who were operated on for cataract participated in the study. The first (main) group included 63 patients (72 eyes) in whom cataract extraction and implantation of the domestic trifocal refractive-diffractive monolithic (soft) intraocular lens MIOL-Record 3 was performed. The second group included 64 patients (70 eyes) in whom cataract extraction and implantation of the domestic bifocal refractive-diffractive lens MIOL-Accord was performed. The third group consisted of 65 patients (74 eyes) in whom cataract extraction and implantation of the domestic monofocal lens MIOL-2 was performed. Preoperative examination was performed the day before surgery, postoperative - after 7 days, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results. The mean value of visual acuity at a distance of 50 cm without correction in the group of patients with MIOL-Record 3 1 month after surgery was 0.42±0.01 and was significantly higher than such in patients with MIOL-Accord and MIOL-2 - 0.14±0.01 and 0.1±0.001, respectively. A questionnaire survey revealed that in the group with MIOL-Record 3 additional correction with glasses is never used at the intermediate distance in 98.62% of the cases, in groups with MIOL-Accord - in 54.28%, and with MIOL-2 - in 25.68% of cases. Patients with MIOL-Record 3 were completely satisfied with the results of surgery in 70.84% of the cases, and in groups with MIOL-Accord and MIOL-2 - in 54.28, and 27.03% of cases, respectively. Conclusion. The conducted studies have established the best rehabilitative effect of the treatment of cataract during implantation of a trifocal refractive-diffractive intraocular lens MIOL-Record 3.
The role of genetic polymorphism in the formation of atherosclerosis in the vessels of lower extremities
Authors: Katina M N , Gayfullina R F , Valiullin V V , Rizvanov A A , Khamitov R F , Rizvanova F F
Published: November 2019

Personalized medicine involves the use of methods of genomics and proteomics by physicians for early diagnosis, prediction of the nature of the disease course and the choice of medicines and their doses based on personalized characteristics of the individual patient. Advances in the study of the human genome make it possible to reveal the interrelation between the individual mutations in the human genes (polymorphisms) and predisposition to certain diseases. Currently there are more than 10 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome, however their biological role remains poorly understood. On the basis of a literature search of electronic full-text and abstract-only versions of articles, which was conducted in the PUBMED, OMIM and GENE databases, collected was the information on genetic predisposition to systemic atherosclerosis. The review is dedicated to polymorphisms of the major genes that play a role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis of the lower extremities.
Morbidity and prevalence of the genitourinary system diseases in children in the Udmurt Republic
Authors: Strelkova T N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To identify the pattern of distribution of nephropathy in a limited population (living in the same area) with the same risk factors ratio for the development of this disease. Methods. Conducted was an analysis of annual statistical reports of the nephrological morbidity in the Udmurt Republic, covering 306,355 children. Calculated were the intensive parameters that characterize the incidence among child population, using the method of calculating the relative magnitudes of clarity. Presented was a retrospective analysis of 8379 case histories of children admitted to the Children’s Nephrology Department of the Budget Institution of the Ministry of Health Care of the «Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health care of the Udmurt Republic» with diseases of the urinary system. Results. Revealed was a high incidence of urinary tract pathology in children of all age groups with a tendency for increase in both the general and primary morbidity, regardless of the place of residence. Stated was an increase in the detection rate of chronic renal failure in early childhood, which in 86.1% of cases developed secondary to congenital and hereditary diseases of the urinary system. Conclusion. The obtained data should be considered when planning the children’s nephrology urology services of the Udmurt Republic.
Prevalence of excessive body weight and obesity among industrial enterprise workers according to long-term studies
Authors: Yashin D A , Kalev O F , Kaleva N G , Yashina L M
Published: November 2019

Aim. To assess the dynamics of the prevalence of excessive body weight (pre-obesity) and obesity, to identify gender differences among the workers of an industrial enterprise in the period 1994-2010. Methods. Population-based cross-sectional complex preventive studies of 2566 industrial workers (1579 males and 987 females) aged 18-64 years in order to identify the non-infectious diseases were conducted in 1994, 1999 and 2000. Pre-obesity, obesity and other risk factors were assessed according to the criteria of the program on Countrywide Integrated Noncommunicable Diseases Intervention of the World Health Organization and according to Russian recommendations regarding the metabolic syndrome. Results. The prevalence of excessive body weight (35.3%) and obesity (12.2%) in 2010 for males was significantly higher than in 1999 (31.1 and 7.7% respectively), the prevalence of obesity alone among them was significantly higher in 2010 than in 1994. In females the prevalence of obesity in 2010 was significantly higher than in 1999 (26.7 and 19.9% respectively) with no significant differences in the frequency pre-obesity (34.0 and 39.6% respectively). The prevalence of pre-obesity and obesity among females in 2010 did not differ significantly from such in 1994. Conclusion. Revealed was an increase in the prevalence of pre-obesity and obesity in males and females in the period from 1999 to 2010; mean body mass indices and frequency of pre-obesity and obesity in females were significantly higher than in males at all periods of the prospective study.
Experience in the treatment of opium withdrawal syndrome with naloxone under general anesthesia
Authors: Verkhnev V A , Krasnoschekova N N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To summarize the results of treatment of opium withdrawal syndrome with naloxone under general anesthesia in a municipal hospital. Methods. During the period 2001-2010 examined were 102 pa-tients, of whom 80% were aged 20 to 30 years. Treatment was performed on a contractual basis, after a preliminary examination according to a unified program. After admission to the intensive care unit conducted was the general intravenous anesthesia with mechanical ventilation. Naloxone was administered in a bolus every 15 minutes during the first hour of anesthesia with the aim to detoxify, followed by 0.4-0.8 mg/h during the following 24 hours of treatment. Residual effects of the withdrawal syndrome were treated with additional drug therapy, including diazepam, clonidine, droperidol. The effectiveness of treatment was analyzed on the basis of the absence of clinical signs of the withdrawal syndrome, as well as with the test «NARCOCHEK». Results. By the end of the first day of treatment in 100% of patients no opiates were found in the urine. Weakness and depression was noted in 90 people, while in 18 noted was aggressive behavior, and at the same time the autonomic disorders were absent in all patients. The in-hospital course of treatment time amounted to 1.5 days. There were no complications during treatment. Conclusion. This method of therapy promotes rapid and painless relief of withdrawal syndrome, while serving only as the initial phase of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with opioid dependence.
Professor Victor Khristianovich Frauchi (the 110thanniversary of his birth)
Authors: Agafonov A A , Frauchi I V
Published: November 2019

The article presents historical data about the life of Victor Khristianovich Frauchi and memories of him, which raises the appearance of not only an outstanding scientist and educator, but also of an easy-going, expansive, highly decent man, with his personal features and little maggots that cause a kind smile. And they are not contradictory.
Psychological reserves of patients with laryngeal cancer
Authors: Moiseeva K S
Published: November 2019

Aim. To reveal the psychological features of the patients, suffering from laryngeal cancer depending of surgical treatment type and extent. Methods. 109 patients of the clinical oncological hospital were included. The first group included 88 patients who underwent surgery: larynx resection - 35 patients, laryngectomy - 40 patients, and 13 patients in whom voice rehabilitation by imposing a shunt between a trachea and a gullet and vocal prosthesis introduction were performed. The second group included patients of radiological department who have refused surgery (21 patients) and were receiving radical gamma-knife radiotherapy. The psychological techniques were applied to assess the types of reaction to illness and intensity of psychopathological symptoms. Results. The psychological traits of patients in whom a tracheaesophagal shunt was formed, can describe them as socially adapted, patient with low anxiety level. Due to vocal prosthesis they can communicate, that is resulted in features of their behavior. Among compared groups, there were statistically significant differences in the extent of «projection» psychological protection mechanism and the degree of phobic disorders. Conclusion. It is necessary to create a rehabilitation complex for psychological rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cancer. Further studies will help to understand, why they refuse surgery and to help them to complete a correct apprehension of illness basing on true data about their disease.
Blood ammonia level in chronic liver disease: clinical and pathogenetic importance
Authors: Akhramovich A P , Sovalkin V I
Published: November 2019

Aim. To evaluate blood ammonia concentration in patients with chronic liver diseases. Methods. 87 patients with chronic liver disease were examined. Ammonia concentration was determined using the enzymatic test. Results. Ammonia concentrations ranged from 18.16 to 118.36 μmol/l (median 43.7 μmol/l). Depending on blood ammonia level, 2 groups of patients were identified: with blood ammonia level below (first group) and above the median level (second group). The first group included 35 (79.5%) patients with liver cirrhosis and 9 (20.5%) patients with chronic hepatitis, the numbers were similar in the second group: 36 (83.7%) and 7 (26.3%) patients correspondingly. Signs of portal gastropathy were identified in 25 (58.1%) and 26 (60.5%) patients correspondingly, while Helicobacter pylori infection was found in 5 (21.7%) and 8 (31.8%) patients with blood ammonia level below and above the median level correspondingly. Mean ammonia concentration in patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, with and without portal gastropathy, with mild and severe gastropathy did not differ significantly. Conclusion. Ammonia blood concentration can not reliably indicate liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy development and stage, portal hypertension and collateral development as well as predict gastric lesions.
Systemic manifestations in different stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Lapteva E A , Lapteva I M , Kharevich O N
Published: November 2019

Aim. To reveal the systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and to match them with respiratory function parameters and extrapulmonary manifestations as the disease progresses. Methods. 160 patients were examined (128 patients with different stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - the study group, and 32 healthy volunteers - the control group). Clinical examination, serum cytokine concentration measurement, lung function tests, airway resistance and lung volumes evaluation, assessment of hemodynamic parameters, bone mineral density assessment were conducted. Correlations between listed parameters were estimated. Results. It was found that the activation of systemic inflammation occurs at the early stages of the disease with the further increase as it progresses, as was shown by the increase of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein levels in the study group compared to the control. The relation between spirometry parameters and inflammatory markers confirmed the role of systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease progression and cardiovascular complications development. A correlation between the C-reactive protein level and forced expiratory volume at 1st second (FEV 1), as well as between TNF-α level and FEV 1, TNF-α level and lung vital capacity was found. The study also confirmed the role of lung hyperinflation in pulmonary hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale occurrence and progression: mean pulmonary arterial pressure correlated with residual volume to total lung capacity ratio in patients with FEV 1 50% and in patients with FEV 1 50%. Significant correlations between lung function and parameters of pulmonary hemodynamics (FEV 1 with right ventricular end-diastolic dimension) were revealed. Correlations between femoral neck bone mineral density and residual lung volume and diffusing lung capacity confirmed the role of progressive emphysema and hypoxia in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusion. Correlations between the severity of airway obstruction and systemic manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were revealed.
Adrenal gland pathology in rats after acute postnatal hypoxia
Authors: Gubina-Vakulik G I , Andreev A V , Kolousova N G
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the histological changes in the adrenal glands of rats with acute postnatal hypoxia and «structural trace» in the adrenal glands during the first month of life. Methods. Wistar rats were used as experimental animals. After calving, the newborn rats (main group, 20 newborn rats, progeny of 5 female rats) were placed in the bell-pressure chamber (simulating altitude of 3.500 meters with an atmospheric pressure of 493 mm Hg) for 5 min. Rats were withdrawn from the experiment by decapitation at the first day (1 hour after the acute postnatal hypoxia modeling, 7 rats), 7 days after (7 rats) and 35 days after (6 rats) the experiment. The same number of intact rats of the control group were examined at the same timepoints. The adrenal glands of rats were examined morphologically using histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and morphometric methods. Results. It was found that a short episode of mild short hypoxia just after the birth leads to the development of specific adaptive changes in adrenal glands: cortical hyperplasia, increased morpho-functional activity of endocrinocytes in the medullar substance associated with extensive apoptosis, decreasing of morpho-functional activity of endocrinocytes of the glomerular zone and fetal cortex. Cellular regeneration of spongiocytes was observed not only in the cambium layer, but also in the fascicular zone, which presumes not only physiological, but also reparative regeneration. Regeneration of medullar cells, seemingly, only occurs during the first few days after birth by migration of sympathogonia from outside of the adrenal gland to its center. At days 14 th and 35 th, despite the same conditions, histological signs of active functioning of the cortical fascicular zone and medullar substance preserved in animals of the main group compared with the controls. Conclusion. Results of the study prove the need for clinical studies of the adrenal function correction in newborns undergoing postnatal and intranatal acute hypoxia, as well as of consequences for the adrenal gland morpho-functional state after birth for such cases.
Assessment of the severity of acute destructive pancreatitis for proper treatment selection
Authors: Valeev A A
Published: November 2019

The review covers the most common integrated scales used for the assessment of severity of acute destructive pancreatitis. The use of those scales in the surgical in-patient department is discussed. Different views of Russian and foreign pancreatologists on the use of integrated scales to predict the disease outcome according to various criteria (clinical, laboratory, and special examination methods) are presented. Because of the acute pancreatitis morphological forms variety at admission for urgent surgery, there is a need for a comprehensive assessment of the disease severity in such patients. First stage of assessment is based on clinical data obtained at admission; correlation with systemic organ failure is also taken into account. This approach helps to distinguish mild, moderate and severe clinical course of disease. The use of multiple integral scales used for clinical assessment, with the number of possible options exceeding 20, is widely applied when the patient is admitted. The surgeon’s selection of a scale for assessment of the disease severity depends on the available equipment and the time for evaluation. Currently, the multi-parameter prognostic scales Ranson (1972), APACHE II (Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation, 1990), Glasgow-Imrie (1984), SAPS (Simplified acute physiology score, 1984), MODS (Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score, 1995), SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure. 1996) are considered to be most objective. The use of these scales allows improving the prediction of outcome and necrotic complications by several times.
Ultrasonic diagnostics of Hirschsprung’s disease in adults
Authors: Shakurov A F , Karpukhin O Yu , Yusupova A F , Savushkina N Yu
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the possibilities of hydrosonography for the differential diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease. Methods. The results of the examination of five patients with histologically confirmed diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease, 19 patients with slow transit constipation and 10 healthy volunteers are presented. Rectal ultrasonography was performed after retrograde colon filling with saline. Rectal lumen width, thickness and structure of the rectal mucosa and muscular layer were evaluated. The place of transition of rectal ampoule into the anal canal was thoroughly examined to determine rectal anal inhibitory reflex. Results. The following ultrasonic signs of Hirschsprung’s disease were identified: rectal wall thickening up to 6±0,7 mm due to muscular layer hypertrophy, hyperechoic mucosa, rectal lumen widening up to 60±5 mm. A high predictive value of ultrasonography for diagnosis of rectal anal inhibitory reflex absence in Hirschsprung’s disease (sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.7%, accuracy 97.1%). Advantages of the examination are obviousness and technical simplicity. With no introduction of a balloon, electrodes or ultrasonic detector into the rectal lumen, the results of examination can hardly be biased or miscomprehended. Conclusion. Hydrosonography might be used in diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease, this method facilitates the differential diagnosis of Hirschsprung’s disease and other forms of chronic constipation and contributes to the correct choice of treatment strategy.
Experience of drug therapy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Shaposhnik I I , Bogdanov D V
Published: November 2019

Aim. To assess the impact of drug therapy on the clinical course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in long term. Methods. 90 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (males - 55, females - 35, mean age 42,0±1,52 years) were observed for a long period of time. Non-obstructive form of the disease was diagnosed in 72 (80%) patients, obstructive - in 18 (20%) patients. Average follow-up duration was 15,0±0,73 years. Drug therapy was received by 54 patients, 21 patients were treated with beta-blockers, 16 patients - with verapamil. Research methods included a resting ECG, 24-hour ECG monitoring, echocardiography according to the standard protocol. Results. The treatment was initially started in primarily in more severe patients with severe clinical picture. Verapamil intake reduced complains on palpitations beta-blockers reduced clinical signs of angina. Beta-blockers have objectively reduced the number of ventricular extrasystoles. Significant differences were obtained in average grades of ventricular extrasystoles (2.40±0.54 in patients receiving beta-blockers, 1.05±0.22 in patients not receiving beta-blockers, p 0.01), in ventricular extrasystole number per day (708±327 and 87.3±58.4, p 0.05). No significant effect of treatment on the structural and functional parameters were identified, verapamil reduced the pressure gradient at the pulmonary artery, but increased the obstruction gradient. No effects of drug therapy on the sudden death incidence in the study group were found. Conclusion. Medical treatment for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is advisable to patients with severe clinical picture because of the possible (in some patients) positive impact on the clinical signs. No significant positive effects of treatment with beta-blockers and verapamil on structural and functional parameters were observed.
Biochemical markers of industrial pollutants action on the rubber industry workers
Authors: Galiullina E F , Kamilov R F , Shakirov D F , Bulyakov R T
Published: November 2019

Aim. To assess the health status of employees contacting with industrial pollutants by examining the processes of free-radical and microsomal oxidation, antioxidant protection, energy metabolism and electrolyte metabolism. Methods. Biochemical parameters of blood, saliva and urine samples of 115 employees of OJSC «Ufa plant of elastomer materials, articles and structures» and 110 employees of JSC «Kauchuk» from the various workshops were examined. Considering the particularities of industrial factors, their action on the employees’ health, ways of absorption at airways, oral cavity and hand skin, two groups (A and B) were formed. Group A included employees contacting with aromatic hydrocarbons (JSC «Kauchuk»). Group B included employees contacting with chlorinated hydrocarbons (OJSC «Ufa plant of elastomer materials, articles and structures»). Control group included administrative clerk workers without influence of industrial factors. Results. Free radical peroxidation reaction with the registration of body fluids chemiluminescence was the most informative biochemical marker of (1,2-dichloroethane, methylene chloride, trichlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride) and aromatic (benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl benzene, toluene), hydrocarbons action on employees. Сonclusion. Examination of free radical and microsomal peroxidation, antioxidant system, energy metabolism and electrolyte metabolism is a useful prognostic tool for a quantitative assessment of the oxidative processes activity for identification of high-risk groups at picking up the staff for the work related to chemical exposure as well as for the individual prevention and oxidative processes medical correction planning.
Stomatologic materials biotesting in vitro
Authors: Gilmiyarov E M , Kolesova K I , Radomskaya B M , Babichev A V
Published: November 2019

Aim. To clarify the specific influence of an adhesive system («Single Bond Universal») on contents, physical and chemical parameters of oral liquid to confirm its safety for use in common dental practice. Methods. A series of in vitro experiments of 5 and 20 seconds of 3 ml oral liquid photopolymerization of 23 dentally and generally healthy subjects aged 18-25 years were performed. Salivary acidity (pH), redox potential, structure, absorption specters, membrane toxicity parameters were assessed. Results. An adhesive system shifted the pH to 6.02±0.21, changed the balance of oxidized and reduced substances with redox potential shift without influencing on salivary structuring. «Filtek Ultimate» and «Filtek Bulk Fill» nanocomposites did not altered the acid-base balance, pH was stable and within the control ranges, redox potential was significantly reduced, mainly by «Filtek Ultimate» (3.6 times lower compared to control parameters), it has also increased the oral liquid structuring by 22,7%. Adhesive and nanocomposites had different effect on the contents of nucleated cells materials (nucleotides, nucleosides, purine catabolites) in oral fluid, decreasing the contents of thymine, cytosine nucleotides and their derivatives, confirmed by absorption characteristics of oral fluid after the incubation. It was found that «Single Bond Universal» adhesive system, «Filtek Ultimate» and «Filtek Bulk Fill» nanocomposites also change the physical and chemical parameters of oral liquid and have a membrane-toxic effect on red blood cells. Conclusion. Biotesting of specified stomatologic materials showed that they are not completely bioinert.
Bone mineral density and calcium intake in primary schoolchildren of the southern region of Bashkortostan Republic
Authors: Golovatskih I V , Bikmetova E R , Kamilov F H
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the bone mineral density and level of calcium intake in children aged 8 and 9 years living in the southern region of Bashkortostan republic. Methods. Bone mineral density was determined by quantitative ultrasound in 180 primary school pupils (86 boys and 94 girls), average age was 8,3±0,66 years. Physical development was assessed by body weight and height, calcium intake was evaluated, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium serum levels were assessed. Results. Results of quantitative ultrasound of radial bone in boys were slightly lower than the national standards determined for 8-9 years old children, while in girls and at quantitative ultrasound of tibial bone the results were within and even exceed normal ranges. At the same time, bone mineral density of M-1SD (radial + tibial bone) and lower was registered in 6,3% of boys and in 6,6% of girls. Body mass index was 16,54±0,24 kg/m 2 in urban pupils, 16,55±0,32 in rural pupils; 2,9% of rural and 17,9% of urban schoolchildren were underweight, 22,6 and 28,1% were overweight. Food calcium intake was characterized as moderate deficiency, only 11% of children took the recommended daily amount of calcium, their share was lower in the rural areas (7,2%) compared to urban (15%). The number of daily consumed dairy was 1,5-2,6 times below the age standards, with the average intake reaching only 26-39% of recommended. Insufficient calcium intake reflected in growth rates - the share of undersized children was lower in urban areas than in rural areas. Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium serum levels were within the normal ranges. Calcium serum level was somewhat higher, and magnesium serum level - lower in boys compared to girls. Conclusion. Bone mineral density parameters in primary schoolchildren were within the normal ranges. Calcium food intake corresponds to 50-70% of the age norm.
Antiaggregatory activity of new 1-ethylxanthine cyclohexylammonium salt in vitro
Authors: Kamilov F Kh , Timirkhanova G A , Samorodova A I , Samorodov A V , Khaliullin F A , Murataev D Z
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the biochemical effect on hemostasis of a new cyclohexilammonium salt of 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-7(dioxotiethanyl-3)xantinyl-8-thio]acetic acid in vitro. Methods. Thromboelastography was performed using the citrate blood samples of healthy male donors. Global hemostatic effect, fibrinogen and platelet function, fibrinolysis and clot strength, and stability were analyzed at thromboelastography. The impact of firstly synthesized xantine derivative and pentoxifylline on the functional activity of platelets in vitro was studied using a laser analyzer of platelet aggregation. Adenosine diphosphate, collagen, epinephrine and ristocetin induced clotting were registered. General clotting characteristics, maximal aggregation values, maximal aggregation speed, mean platelet aggregate size, activity of platelet-derived factor 3, level of platelet-derived factor 4 were measured. Release of platelet-derived factors 3 and 4 at platelet aggregation were assessed after adenosinediphosphate-induced aggregation and centrifugation. Results. Cyclohexylammonium salt of 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-7-(dioxotiethanyl-3)xantinyl-8-thio]acetic acid in vitro showed antiaggregatory activity that exceeds such of pentoxifylline. It has been revealed that the second platelet aggregation wave, that is induced by small dose of adenosinediphosphate, is absent in the presence of the new cyclohexylammonium salt, lag-period in collagen-induced platelet aggregation elongates, and availability and release of platelet-derived factors 3 and 4 decreases. Conclusion. The research findings show potentially high antiaggregatory activity of 2-[1-ethyl-3-methyl-7-(dioxotiethanyl-3)xantinyl-8-thio]acetic acid cyclohexylammonium salt as an inhibitor of platelet release reaction.
Lactate concentration in amniotic fluid at early neonatal period in perinatal hypoxia
Authors: Korenovsky Yu V , Chugunova T N , Filchakova O N , Sinelnikova L M , Shabalina Yu V , Elchaninova S A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the prognostic value of lactate concentration in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood of newborns at early neonatal period as indicators of increased risk of unfavorable outcome in infants with perinatal hypoxia. Methods. Determination of lactate and creatinine concentration in amniotic fluid at first stage of labor was performed by biochemical means. Determination of lactate concentration in the blood serum of infants at birth and at 3-4 days of life was also performed. Results. In timely delivery associated with perinatal hypoxia lactate concentration in amniotic fluid was increased compared to the lactate concentration in amniotic fluid during normal labor (10.6±3.18 vs 7.1±1.45 mmol/l, p 0.001). Recalculation of the lactate concentrations in amniotic fluid considering its dilution has showed a substantial difference in concentrations (0.083±0.016 vs. 0.039±0.003 mmol/l of lactate per 1 mmol/l creatinine, p 0.001). Cord blood serum lactate concentrations in newborns with perinatal hypoxia was higher compared to healthy infants (16.4±4.96 vs 9.5±3.16 mmol/l, p 0.001). Lactate concentration in umbilical cord blood serum in early neonatal period newborns rose (p 0.001), and in infants with perinatal hypoxia the increase was more significant compared to in healthy newborns (28.1±7.75 vs 13.3±3.50 mmol/l, p 0.001). Conclusion. The determination of lactate concentration in amniotic fluid at first stage of labor is an effective method to diagnose perinatal hypoxia. In early neonatal period an increase of lactate concentration in newborns, especially in newborns with perinatal hypoxia, was found.
Biochemical studies of tears in patients with diabetes mellitus and dry eye syndrome
Authors: Nugumanova A M , Khamitova G H
Published: November 2019

Aim. To study the lacrimal fluid glucose level in patients with diabetes and dry eye syndrome with hyperglycemia and after compensation. Methods. Glucose oxidase method was used to determine the level of glucose in tears of 40 patients with diabetes (80 eyes) who were treated at the endocrinology department. Of these, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 has been established in 17 (42.5%) patients, type 2 - in 23 (57.5%). The study also included the control group, which included 20 healthy volunteers (40 eyes) aged 25 to 45 years (12 females, 8 males). Three groups were formed: healthy subjects, patients with diabetes mellitus and no signs of dry eye syndrome, patients with diabetes mellitus and clinical signs of dry eye syndrome. Results. Glucose level in the tear fluid of healthy individuals did not exceed 0.2 mmol/l. No signs of «dry eye» syndrome were found in patients with blood glucose levels up to 9 mmol/l (2nd clinical group). Patients of 3rd group were observed with the clinical symptoms with «dry eye» syndrome if there was an increase of blood glucose level over 17 mmol/l, tear glucose levels were also increased to 7 mmol/l. After the treatment the level of blood glucose in the patients of the second group decreased from 9 to 5 mmol/l, while tear glucose levels decreased from 1.2 to 0.5 mmol/l. In the third group the same clinical pattern was observed: reduction of blood glucose from 17.1 to 7 mmol/l was accompanied by a decrease of tear glucose levels from 7 to 1 mmol/l. There was a reduction of the subjective complaints characteristic for dry eye syndrome in patients from the third group. Conclusion. «Dry eye» syndrome is associated with increased tear glucose levels. The blood glucose level control is one of the methods of dry eye syndrome prevention in patients with diabetes mellitus.
The characteristics of serum circulating immune complexes of patients with atopic asthma with different severity degree
Authors: Skibo Y V , Kurmaeva N S , Tsibulkina V N , Mustafin I G , Abramova Z I
Published: November 2019

Aim. To evaluate the serum level of pathogenic circulating immune complexes in patients with mild and severe atopic bronchial asthma. Methods. Serum samples of patients with atopic asthma of mild persistent (30 patients) and severe persistent (20 patients) forms were analyzed. The control group consisted of 15 healthy volunteers. To detect the giant, large, medium and small-sized serum immune complexes, 3, 3.5, 4 and 7% polyethyleneglycol-6000 solutions were used. For quantitative evaluation of the immune complexes we measured the ultraviolet optical density at 280 nm wave length. To separate the immune complexes from immunoglobulin, Protein-G-Sepharose was used. Determination of the protein composition of circulating immune complexes was performed by electrophoresis in 8% polyacrylamide gel. Results. The concentration of immune complexes was increased in patients with bronchial asthma compared to healthy donors. Small and medium-sized immune complexes were prevailing, their concentrations correlated with the severity of asthma. Large, medium and small-sized immune complexes participated in immunopathological reactions in patients with both mild and severe asthma, with immune complexes pathogenicity coefficient significantly increased depending on the severity of the disease. Electrophoretic analysis of circulating immune complexes has shown the presence of proteins with molecular weight of 60 kDa in the complexes of all sizes. In the severe asthma group, an antigen fraction with a molecular mass of 36 kDa within the small-sized molecular complexes was revealed. Conclusion. The observed increase of small and medium-sized circulating immune complexes serum levels in patients with bronchial asthma may be an indicator of of these patients predisposal to autoimmune reactions development.
Comparative analysis of ceruloplasmin level in biological fluids at herpes infection
Authors: Terekhina N A , Reuk S E , Atamanova T I
Published: November 2019

Aim. To compare the levels of ceruloplasmin in tears, saliva and blood serum of patients with herpetic stomatitis and eye herpes to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Methods. Ceruloplasmin levels were determined in tears, saliva and blood serum of 30 children, 22 adult patients with herpetic keratitis and 27 children with acute herpetic stomatitis. Biological fluids of 62 healthy individuals were used as the control group. Results. In patients with eye herpes infection, сeruloplasmin levels increased in oral fluid and blood serum and markedly decreased in tears of both affected and intact eye. Ceruloplasmin levels in biological fluids normalized only among children with light forms of eye herpes at discharge. In the case of acute herpetic stomatitis, ceruloplasmin levels increased in oral fluid and blood serum, depending on the severity of the disease. After the treatment, ceruloplasmin levels in tears, oral fluid and blood plasma normalized only in children with dendritic ulcer (herpes epithelial keratitis), while in adult patients with chronic relapsing eye herpes and in children with highly invasive eye herpes ceruloplasmin levels did not normalize. Conclusion. In the case of infection detected multidirectional ceruloplasmin levels in tears, oral fluids and blood serum changes were found in patients with herpes. Ceruloplasmin level decreased in tears, and increased in blood serum and oral fluid.
Features of oxidative stress in patients with delirium tremens infected with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus
Authors: Tseilikman V E , Babin K A , Vinogradov D B , Shatrova Yu M , Izarovsky B V , Manukhina E B , Downey H F , Tseilikman O B , Mingazov A Kh
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the impact of concomitant viral infection on oxidative stress features in patients with delirium tremens. Methods. 110 male patients of working age (23-55 years) with a diagnosis of «delirium tremens» were included, of which 28 patients had with concomitant hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, 18 patients - concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, 44 patients had delirium tremens without any concomitant viral infections. An HCV and HIV co-infection was diagnosed in 20 patients with delirium tremens. Lipid peroxidation products and carbonylated proteins blood levels were examined in all patient groups. Results. Signs of cytolysis (elevated levels of transaminases and signs of oxidative stress that manifested as an increase of саrbonilated proteins levels compared to control) were revealed in all groups. However, the study groups varied in severity of both cytolysis and oxidative stress. The most marked increase in transaminases and carbonylated proteins levels was characteristic for patients infected with HCV and HIV, but with no history of increased alcohol consumption. Also, lipid peroxidation molecular products levels were decreased in these groups. In patients with delirium tremens, as well as in alcoholics infected with HCV and HIV, like in patients with no history of increased alcohol consumption infected with HCV and HIV, oxidative stress manifested only in enhancing protein carbonylation. Conclusion. Concomitant viral infection affects the extent of oxidative stress and hepatic dysfunction in patients with delirium tremens.
Features of cytokine profile in patients with local and generalized soft tissue infections
Authors: Barkhatova N A
Published: November 2019

Aim. To determine the features of cytokine profile in patients with local and generalized soft tissue infections. Methods. The treatment results of 2350 patients with soft tissues infections since 1998 to 2012 were analyzed. ELISA test was used to measure tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels in 300 randomly picked patients with local (75 patients, comparison group) and generalized (225 patients, main group) forms of soft tissue infections. Results. In patients with generalized infections, tumor necrosis factor alpha level was 1.5 times higher in patients with mild systemic inflammatory response, 3.5 times higher - in patients with moderate and 6.7 times higher in patients with severe systemic inflammatory response compared to healthy controls. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels were also elevated and related to the degree of inflammatory response, thus, it was the highest (2 times higher compared to controls) in patients with moderate systemic inflammatory response, while in patients with mild and severe inflammation it was only 30-40% higher. The significant increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha level associated with normal interleukin-1 receptor antagonist level is characteristic for different forms of sepsis. At the same time, increase in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist level associated with minimal changes in tumor necrosis factor alpha level can be used as a diagnostic criteria for compensated inflammatory response I patients with local infections cytokine profile was normal. The severity of systemic inflammation and clinical course of generalized infection depended not only on the absolute increase of cytokine levels, but on pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor alpha) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) cytokine levels misbalance. Conclusion. Examining the serum cytokine levels allows to confirm the diagnosis of generalized infection on early stages and to differentiate between compensated and non-ompensated systemic inflammatory response.