bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Four fundamental dimensions underlying the perception of human actions
Authors: Vinton Laura Catherine , Preston Catherine , de la Rosa Stephan , Mackie Gabriel , Tipper Steven , Barraclough Nick Edward
Published: July 2022

We evaluate the actions of other individuals based upon a variety of movements that can reveal critical information to guide decision making and behavioural responses. These signals can convey a range of information about the actor, including their goals, intentions and internal mental states. Although progress has been made to identify cortical regions involved in action processing, the organising principles underlying our representation of actions still remains unclear. In this paper we aimed to investigate the conceptual space that underlies action perception by assessing which characteristics are fundamental to the perception of actions executed by other human individuals. We recorded 240 different actions using motion-capture and used this data to animate a volumetric avatar that performed the different actions. Two-hundred and thirty participants then viewed these actions and rated the extent to which each action demonstrated 23 different action characteristics (e.g., avoiding-approaching, pulling-pushing, weak-powerful, etc.). We analysed this data using Exploratory Factor Analysis to examine the latent factors underlying visual action perception. The best fitting model was a four-dimensional model with oblique rotation. We named the factors: unfriendly-friendly, feeble-formidable, unplanned-planned, and adduction-abduction. The first two factors of friendliness and formidableness explained approximately 22% of the variance each compared to planned and abduction that explained approximately 7-8% of the variance each, as such we interpret this representation of action space as having 2+2 dimensions. A closer examination of the first two factors suggests a potential overlap with the way we evaluate facial traits and emotions, whilst the last two factors of planning and abduction appear unique to actions.
Malevolent intentions and secret coordination. Dissecting cognitive processes in conspiracy beliefs via diffusion modeling
Authors: Frenken Marius , Imhoff Roland
Published: July 2022

There has been an increasing scholarly interest in the psychology behind conspiracy theories, the belief that events in the world are brought about by the secret coordination of others with negative intentions. Typically, people differ systematically in the degree to which they endorse a wide range of such theories, suggesting a general suspicious attitude, i.e., a conspiracy mentality. The present research investigated how conspiracy mentality is related to the interpretation of mundane and societal events as being based on secret coordination, respectively malevolent intentions. Specifically, we tapped into the cognitive architecture of such decisions via drift diffusion modeling to test three conceivable mechanisms: a-priori tendencies to assume more often secret agreements and negative intent, enhanced informational processing into the direction of these conspiracy-related outcomes, and cognitive shortcuts. In four experiments (total N = 1083), participants made fast and intuitive decisions about the existence of secret agreements or negative intentions behind numerous events, each described in one short phrase. The results indicate that conspiracy mentality is associated with a propensity to perceive secrecy and negative intent in big societal as well as small every-day events. Cognitively, conspiracy mentality refers in these intuitive decisions primarily to presuppositions and prior attitudes before considering further information, but also to motivated processing, whereas there was no evidence for decisional shortcuts. We discuss that the general suspicious attitude behind the endorsement of conspiracy theories includes a cognitive style predisposing to intuitively assume—even independent of content—more secrecy and negative intentionality.
Sex, age, and smartphone addiction across 41 countries
Authors: Olson Jay A. , Sandra Dasha A. , Veissière Samuel P. L. , Langer Ellen J.
Published: July 2022

Most studies of problematic smartphone use focus on younger participants in a single country, which makes global comparisons difficult. Here, we administered the Smartphone Addiction Scale (Short Version) to 50,423 participants aged 18 to 90 from 195 countries and subdivisions. The results showed that women scored 3.22 units higher than men, each year of age predicted a decrease of 0.18 units, and global scores increased by 0.66 units per year. Among the 41 countries with at least 100 participants, almost all showed a consistent pattern: women scored higher than men (B = −0.19 to 6.07) and there was a downward slope with age (B = −0.38 to −0.03), though the shape of the slope varied across countries. The highest problematic smartphone use scores were around Southeast Asia and the lowest were in Europe. This global sample, currently the largest in the field, helps clarify the relationships between sex, age, and smartphone use.
Neural, psychological, and social foundations of collective memory: Implications for common mnemonic processes, agency, and identity
Authors: O'Mara Shane
Published: July 2022

Recent advances in memory research within psychology and neuroscience have contributed to a shift from examining memory through an individualistic lens towards a growing recognition of potential social and collective influences on mnemonic processes. This shift is prominently illustrated by continuing research on collective memory. Through a scoping literature review, we identify three crucial components defining collective memory: memories held in common across individuals within a social group, which are centrally important to group identity, and which impact significantly on perceived group agency. This review attempts to distil and organise empirical evidence into (i) neural, (ii) psychological, and (iii) social foundations of collective memory, while considering the reflexive relationship between common memory, identity, and agency (‘CIA’). We conceptualise collective memory as based on neuropsychological substrates, influenced by social processes, and extended to societal, historical, and political domains, driven by human sociality. To engage the complexity of, and shed light on, numerous remaining questions surrounding collective memory, future research should embrace a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach focused on issues of common memory, identity, and identity.
Maternal depression, childhood resting-state brain connectivity, and adolescent depression during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Liu Pan , Vandermeer Matthew Richard John , Daoust Andrew , Green Haley , Ali Ola Mohamed , Stanton Kasey , Harkness Kate , Barch Deanna , Joanisse Marc F , Hayden Elizabeth P.
Published: July 2022

Adolescents of mothers with a history of depression are at two-to-five-fold increased risk for developing depression themselves. These adolescents may be especially vulnerable to depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. To better understand the complex vulnerability processes involved in the transmission of maternal depression risk to adolescent offspring in the context of the pandemic-related stress, we examined potential mediating and moderating factors that link maternal depression history and offspring depressive symptoms, including resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and mothers’ depressive symptoms, in 85 adolescents during the pandemic. Adolescents’ pre-pandemic rs-FC between posterior and anterior cingulate cortex (PCC-ACC) moderated the association between maternal depression history and adolescents’ depressive symptoms during the pandemic, such that maternal depression history predicted adolescents’ symptoms only in youths with heightened pre-pandemic PCC-ACC rs-FC. Mothers’ depressive symptoms during pandemic mediated and moderated the link between maternal depression history and adolescents’ depressive symptoms; specifically, mothers with a history of depression had greater depressive symptoms during pandemic outbreak, which were, in turn, associated with offspring depressive symptoms. Additionally, maternal depression history predicted depressive symptoms in adolescents whose mothers had relatively lower depressive symptoms during the pandemic. Findings speak to the complex mediating and moderating processes involved in the transmission of maternal depression risk to adolescent offspring in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Information-seeking, mental health and loneliness: Longitudinal analyses of adults in the UK COVID-19 Mental Health & Wellbeing study
Authors: Wilding Sarah , O'Connor Daryl Brian , Ferguson Eamonn , Wetherall Karen , Cleare Seonaid , O'Carroll Ronan , Robb Kathryn A , Connor Rory O'
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAs part of the COVID-19 pandemic, a huge amount of information has been shared to keep people informed about health-related and other topics. While information-seeking has generally been seen as an adaptive response to the pandemic, it can result in negative outcomes including on mental health. The present study reports longitudinal data from the UK COVID-19 Mental Health and Wellbeing study and tests whether reporting COVID-related information-seeking is associated with subsequently poorer mental health outcomes.MethodA quota-based sampling methodology was used in order to recruit a nationally representative sample. COVID-related information-seeking was assessed via questionnaire at six waves between March and November 2020 along with symptoms of depression, anxiety, mental wellbeing and loneliness (N = 1939). Hierarchical linear modelling was used to assess the relationship between COVID-related information-seeking and mental health and loneliness scores.Results Information-seeking was found to reduce over time. Overall, women, older and higher socioeconomic group individuals reported higher levels of information-seeking. At waves 1-4 (March-June 2020) the majority of participants reported that they sought information on Covid 1-5 times per day, this decreased to less than once per day in waves 5 and 6 (July-November 2020). Higher levels of information-seeking were associated with poorer mental health outcomes, particularly clinically significant levels of anxiety and poor wellbeing. ConclusionA high-level of information-seeking behaviour was associated with poorer mental health outcomes, particularly symptoms of anxiety. Reducing or managing information-seeking behaviour may be one method to reduce anxiety during pandemics and other public health crises.
Characterization of Bacterial isolates from Wound Infections
Authors: Yadav Nagendra Prasad , Jha Ramesh Kumar , Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Yadav Om Prakash
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Wound infection is common across all sex and age groups whichare responsible for significant human mortality and morbidity worldwide.Therefore, the objectives of this study were designed towards isolation and identification of bacteria involved in wound sepsis at Provincial hospital of Madhesh Pradesh, Nepal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 45 samples were collected from patients of different age groups of both male and female at provincial hospital,Madhesh Pradesh, NepalThe samples were transferred immediately and processed in the microbiology laboratory at Model Multiple College, Janakpurdham. Characterization and identification of the obtained bacteria was based on standard microbiological methods.

RESULTS: Out of 45 samples 40 (88.89%) showed bacterial growth. Among the isolates Staphylococcus aureus were present in 15(37.5%), Pseudomonas aureogenosaein 7(17.5%), E.coli in 09(22.50%), and Streptococcus pyogenes in 09 (22.5%) of the total isolated samples.

CONCLUSIONS: Staphylococcus aureusin wound infections was found to be dominant.
Bilingual Stroop Effect in High and Low Proficient Nepali-English Bilinguals
Authors: Pathak Lekhnath Sharma , Pathak Poshak
Published: July 2022

This research article presents experimental psycholinguistic study on high and low proficient Nepali – English bilingual adults. Language comprehension was measured using lexical decision tasks and language production was measured using verbal fluency task. Executive control was measured using bilingual Stroop task in mouse tracking paradigm. The results show high proficient bilinguals show the bilingual advantage in language comprehension, language production and executive control tasks.
Therapy of Uveal Melanoma. A Review
Authors: Rusňák Štěpán , Hecová Lenka , Kasl Zdeněk , Sobotová Markéta , Hauer Lukáš
Published: July 2022

The aim of intraocular melanoma therapy is to achieve local tumor control, reduce the risk of metastasis development, preserve the eyeball and possibly the visual function of the eye. The choice of therapeutic approach requires a comprehensive view and individual approach to each patient with uveal melanoma. Factors considered include local finding (location, tumor size and shape, tumor activity, central visual acuity, intraocular complications), age and the patient‘s overall physical and psychological condition, as well as the patient‘s wishes.
The most widely used method of uveal melanoma treatment is radiotherapy. The effect of radiation is caused by the absorption of ionizing radiation energy, the effect of radiation on the cell is manifested by cell death (depletion), or by a cytogenetic information change (mutation). Brachytherapy uses scleral applicators with radionuclide - ruthenium (Ru-106) applicators dominate in Europe and iodine (I-125) applicators in the USA. In external radiotherapy, the source of ionizing radiation is outside the patient‘s body. Both stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy are used. In the Czech Republic, treatment is carried out using Leksell gamma knife or CyberKnife, while proton therapy dominates in the world. The development of serious radiation complications (radiation retinopathy, neuropathy, neovascular glaucoma, toxic tumor syndrome, etc.) should be considered.
Surgical therapy involves a variety of invasive procedures. Iridectomy is performed for iris melanoma. Anteriorly located choroidal melanomas and / or ciliary body melanomas can be resolved by transscleral resection (exoresection). For posterior choroidal melanomas, a combination of external tumor irradiation with pars plana vitrectomy is used. Enucleation is a method of choice in advanced tumors that cannot be effectively irradiated. Orbital exenteration is indicated in advanced tumors with extrabulbar spread or in relapsed tumor after previous enucleation.
“Re-expression” as Expression: Race and the Environment in the Work of Mary Hunter Austin
Authors: Baginski Ana
Published: July 2022

If Anthropocene discourse considers environmental breakdown as a post-racial horizon in light of which the human might be reconceptualized as geological agent, this article turns to early twentieth-century environmental writer Mary Austin to identify a similar positioning of particular environmental conditions beyond the scope of human habitability as a horizon in relation to which she could imagine Indigenous and settler territorial boundaries to “fail together.” The idea of un-inhabitability serves a regulative function when it comes to conceiving of difference—racial, cultural, gendered —thought to be both bridgeable and unbridgeable. Austin’s poetic “re-expression” of what she termed “Amerindian songs” into written poetry has been read as attempting, appropriatively, to bridge such a divide. This article reads Austin’s “re-expressions” in the context of her autobiography and fictional narrative work to argue that the writer did not believe in the aesthetic promise that she is often criticized for espousing. Austin’s understanding of the gendered, racializing, and individualizing aspects of disclosure makes her poetic “re-expressions” of Indigenous oral forms as written poems examples of a self-conscious failure of both literary and anthropological modes of cultural representation. Her work is full of this tension. On the one hand, there is an appeal to the aesthetic in a philosophical register, an abyss that also impossibly bridges what is known and what is understood; on the other hand, a realization of literary production’s desire for a kind of anthropological presentation of what it is not. In this sense, Austin’s early twentieth-century environmental writing can help us to recognize the stakes of twenty-first-century environmentalisms that are full of, but rarely conscious of, similar tensions.
Damage and Repair in Environmental Assessment
Authors: Malcolm Chris
Published: July 2022

Contemporary scholarship regards the acknowledgment of harm as an ethically necessary precondition for work on the environment. In this article, I show that the admission and subsequent management of harm have long been central to racial and colonial projects. To do so, I trace a logic of what counts as tolerable damage and what is thought to be able to be repaired in environmental assessment reports produced for the Alberta tar sands. What I find in these documents is that anxiety over complicity with historical damage leads to fantasies of reparability. In analyses of the political culture of the tar sands, I argue that conceding damage is better understood as an attempt to manage the appearance of violence and reinterpret its history. In the different examples on which I focus, responsibility for harm is performed. By making impacts legible and detailing plans to address them through mitigation, compensation, or replacement, resource extraction companies engage in fantasies of repair and admissions of destruction. This article works to theorize what function such gestures serve and how they contribute to perceiving the environment as something that must be managed. I show that its function is to describe the nature of loss along with a theorization of its reality.
Ruin Gazing: Robert Frost and the Afterlives of Settler Environmentalism
Authors: Rahimtoola Samia
Published: July 2022

This article considers a paradox that structures the internal logic of the ideology of improvement, a central justification for settler colonialism’s strategies of cultural and material dispossession. Far from establishing a limit to settler colonialism as predicted by the writings of John Locke, scenes of ruined, abandoned land are seen to extend settler sovereignty. Specifically, the article examines settler representations of, and encounters with, ruin in the poetry of Robert Frost to argue that irony’s “infinite absolute negativity,” as Søren Kierkegaard states, enables settler subjects to defend against the threat of settler dissolution and magnify settler subjectivity. In a contemporary moment in which damage and devastation have become dominant modes of settler presence on the land, Frost’s poetry prepares us to consider the settler histories of ruin gazing that remain sedimented within contemporary environmental discourse.
Somatotypological parameters of the body in men and women with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity
Authors: Khasawneh Ahmad Raed , Serheta I. V. , Vadzyuk S. N. , Khapitska O. P. , Bondar S. A.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Comprehensive analysis of clinical and anthropometric predictors allows to fully and accurately objectify the long-term prognosis of patients with generalized fatty form of seborrheic dermatitis. Therefore, it is planned to supplement the existing data by studying the features of the components of the somatotype and indicators of the component composition of body weight in this category of patients. The purpose of the study is to establish and analyze the characteristics of somatotype components and indicators of the component composition of body weight in men and women with generalized fatty seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity. In 40 Ukrainian men and 40 Ukrainian women (25-44 years according to the age periodization of the WHO, 2015) patients with generalized fatty seborrheic dermatitis (hereinafter seborrheic dermatitis) identified components of the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter scheme and the absolute amount of fat, bone and muscle components of body weight according to the formulas of Matiegka J. and the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN). As a control, similar indicators were taken from practically healthy Ukrainian men (n=82) and women (n=154) from the data bank of the National Pirogov Memorial Medical University Research Center, Vinnytsya. Statistical analysis of the results was performed in the license package "Statistica 6.0" using non-parametric evaluation methods. Studies in patients with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity compared to practically healthy men have shown higher values of the muscle component of body weight according to the methods of Matiegka and AIN, as well as lower values of fat component of body weight. In patients of varying severity of women compared to practically healthy women, found higher values of mesomorphic component of somatotype, muscle component of body weight by Matiegka and AIN, bone component of body weight (severe only), and lower values of fat component of body weight (only with a slight degree). There are no significant or tendency differences between the components of somatotype and the indicators of the component composition of body weight between men or women with seborrheic dermatitis of varying severity. In the analysis of the manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the studied body parameters between men and women with seborrheic dermatitis, higher values were found in men (regardless of the severity of the disease) of the muscle component of body weight by Matiegka and AIN and bone component of body weight. Thus, among the parameters associated with an unfavorable prognosis of this dermatosis are the muscle component of body weight according to Matiegka and AIN, fat component of body weight (in both sexes) and mesomorphic and ectomorphic components of somatotype (in women).
Implementation of innovative technologies in the educational space of medical institutions of higher education – the challenges of today
Authors: Chorna V. V. , Khliestova S. S. , Gumeniuk N. I. , Poliarush V. V. , Tomashevskyi A. V. , Ivashkevych Y. M.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. For the formation of professional competencies and competencies of future doctors, the article highlights the feasibility of implementing innovative technologies, forms, and methods of teaching in the educational process of medical institutions of higher education. The study involved 95 applicants from the medical faculties №1 and №2, 2nd year of Vinnytsia National Medical University. E. Pirogov from the course “Emergency Medicine”. The method of “Mental Map” on a given topic has been using independent work of students in a “small group” and individual and collective work with the choice of the following roles: “leader”, “advisor”, “assistant”, “observer”. A new form of work has been used in Google presentations with a large volume of topics: the applicant-physician must formulate the answer to the question prescribed by the teacher during the lesson. The advantages and disadvantages of using a PowerPoint and Google presentation are highlighted. The importance of innovative training in the process of forming professional competencies of future doctors is substantiated. The innovativeness of teaching methods in the aspect of the relationship between teachers and applicants for medical institutions of higher education had characterized. The question of the future, a competent doctor who has a piece of sizeable baggage of knowledge, skills, and abilities in professional activities, who is in a complex, emergency, unusual situation, will quickly and independently make a decision. As a result of this work, it had found that when using the method of “Mental Map” in the educational process of higher education, 80,0% of future female doctors are ready for new innovative approaches in the discipline “Emergency Medicine”, while 71,4% of male negative reacted to the innovation. Also, 80,0% of female applicants agreed to use the method of “Mental Map” in the learning process after each lesson, and 69,0% agreed twice during the course, 94,7% of medical applicants for a large amount of theoretical material proposed to assess the level knowledge with Google Presentation. Therefore, the use of the latest innovative teaching methods should be aimed at the quality acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities of students.
Adherence to recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis before cesarean section: a survey of anesthesiologists in Vinnytsia region
Authors: Tytarenko N. V. , Kukuruza I. L. , Datsiuk O. I. , Zasadnyuk O. P. , Voznyuk A. V. , Kostiuchenko A. V. , Bevz G. V. , Datsiuk L. V.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Surgical wound infection is the most common complication after a caesarean section. The frequency of this complication is 3-15%, and it causes maternal mortality in 3% of cases. The work aims to analyze the compliance of the appointment of antibiotic prophylaxis by anesthesiologists in the Vinnytsia region according to the current protocols for women who give birth by caesarean section. We conducted a multicenter regional survey among 21 medical institutions with the participation of 69 anesthesiologists who provide care to obstetric patients in Vinnytsia and Vinnytsia region. In addition to general information on the number of inpatient/ward deliveries, the number of cesarean births, and the urgency of surgery, the e-questionnaire included questions about the choice of antibiotic prophylaxis drug (s) for women who give birth by caesarean section and timing of its conduction. The obtained results reflect the practice of 21/23 (91.3%) obstetric hospitals and departments in the city of Vinnytsia and Vinnytsia region. The results of our study show that most often respondents carry out antibiotic prophylaxis with ceftriaxone 27/67 (40.3%), ampicillin and cefazolin – 18/67 (26.9%). Data analysis was performed using the statistical package “SPSS 20” (SPSS Inc.) version 21.0.0 for Windows. To find the differences in frequencies, we used the method of determining χ2 (Pearson), determined the odds ratio (Odds Ratio) and relative risk (Relative Risk). It was found out that among anesthesiologists who provide care to obstetric patients, 59.7% prescribe antimicrobials in accordance with current guidelines, 64.1% follow the recommended timing of antibiotic prophylaxis - 30-60 minutes before the skin incision, and 2.4% of respondents do not prescribe prophylactic administration of antibiotics for women who give birth by caesarean section. The prospect of further research is the development and implementation of a clear unified strategy for the prevention of infection of the surgical wound in Vinnytsia and Vinnytsia region.
Assessment of modified and unmodified social and demographic factors for the spread of sexually transmitted diseases
Authors: Komar O. M. , Pidlisna I. V.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, due to their growth and related complications, have reached the point where they begin to significantly affect the quality of life and even mortality. This indicates that the problem has gone beyond the purely medical framework, entering the range of critical social tasks. The aim: to study and analyze the main social and demographic factors of the origin and spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases to further determine their prognostic significance and assess the impact on the level of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among adults. А one-step retrospective epidemiological study involved 421 patients with confirmed Sexually Transmitted Diseases (syphilis, gonococcal infection, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, mycoplasmosis, gardnerellosis), who sought medical help in public secondary tertiary care. The survey was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire, which included three blocks of 43 questions and informed consent. The age distribution of patients with Sexually Transmitted Diseases by nosology allowed to determine their rank in each group: up to 20 years – trichomoniasis (36.8±7.8%), syphilis (26.3±7.1%), gonorrhea (18.4±6.2%); 20.1-40 years and older than 40 years – trichomoniasis (28.5±2.5% and 33.8±5.6%), syphilis (19.5±2.2% and 29.6±5.4%) and gardnerellosis (17.9±2.1% and 11.3±3.7%), respectively. The largest number of respondents by social status were workers (41.3±2.4%), and every third was unemployed (27.3±2.2%). Only 62 (15%) persons had higher education, while 142 subjects were in a registered marriage (33.7±2.3%), others had free sexual relations (66.3%). It is proved that the social and demographic risk groups for the occurrence and spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases are: unmodified (sex – women; age – 20.1-40 years), modified (type of residence – rural; education – people without higher education; social status – unemployed and workers; marital – persons who are not in a registered marriage).
The state of oral health in the population of separate regions of Ukraine
Authors: Krut A. G. , Horachuk V. V.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. The prevalence of oral diseases in the population of Ukraine is constantly growing. Planning approaches to improving the oral health of communities requires the study of its regional differences, which determines the urgency of the problem. The aim of the study – to study the regional differences in the state of oral health of the population of Zhytomyr, Kharkiv and Chernihiv regions; identify approaches to developing measures for its preservation and restoration. Medical and statistical analysis of data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the National Cancer Registry for 2010-2019 was conducted using the licensed Microsoft Office 2010 application suite. The graphic method for data visualization is used. It was found that the health status of the oral cavity of the population of Chernihiv region was the most neglected, which is confirmed by the highest needs for rehabilitation and their growth from 57.5% to 61.5% of the number of examined persons. Among the population of this region, oncological pathology increased from 6.8 to 7.8 per 100 thousand people, the mortality rate from it was the highest – 4.3 and 4.8 per 100 thousand people, respectively. In the Zhytomyr region, the level of population complaints about periodontal disease was the highest – 177.5 people out of every 10 thousand people, as well as the percentage of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity in stages III-IV – 56.6%. In the Kharkiv region, the share of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity detected for the first time in stages III-IV (from 37.7% to 42.0%) grew most actively. Thus, regional oral health features require targeted interventions in regional health programs. Taking into account the regional features of the oral health of the population of communities will contribute to the development of the most effective measures to influence its preservation and restoration in the regional health programs. Prospects for further research are aimed at using the results obtained in the development of regional public health programs in the field of oral health.
Features of human resource management in the regional cardiological center on the principles of public-private partnership
Authors: Ivanyuk A. V. , Orlova N. M.
Published: July 2022

Annotation. Personnel potential is an important component of providing high-quality cardiological care to the population. The study was conducted to determine the main areas of work with human resources of the regional cardiology center (RCC), created on the principles of public-private partnership (PPP). The work with the personnel resource in the RCC was studied using the method of a systematic approach and analysis, information-analytical, statistical methods and expert evaluation. It is determining that the introduction of PPP mechanisms in the RCC will help to increase the efficiency of the RCC, enhance labor activity, intelligence and motivation of both individual medical workers and the entire team. Work with the personnel resource in the RCC on the principles of DPP should be carried out in two directions. The first is the formation and use of priority economic relations in management, the gradual transition from intuitive, experimental and pragmatic methods of management to truly scientifically based methods and forms of classical management. The second one involves the formation of a qualitatively new personnel resource of managers. The introduction of the PPP mechanism in the RCC requires a reorientation of work with human resources towards the implementation of the RCC system development strategy in a market economy, taking into account the new requirements of the business environment.
A Theory of ‘Rénxīn Dàoxīn Face Each Other (人心道心相對說)’ and Yulgok’s Theory of ‘Rénxīn Should Follow Dàoxīn(人心聽命於道心說)’: Focusing on the Relationship between the View of the ‘Li-Chi(理氣)’ and the View of the ‘Rénxīn Dàoxīn(人心道心)’
Authors:   THE  TAEDONG  CENTER  FOR  EASTERN  CLASSICS, CHAE Hee-doh
Published: July 2022

Yulgok’s theory of ‘Li-Chi(理氣)’, ‘Xīnxìng(心性)’, ‘Rénxīn Dàoxīn(人心道心)’ is consistent. Yulgok’s Li-chi theory never violate the principle of Chu Hsi’s “Li-chi inseparable, immiscible”(‘理氣不相離, 不相雜’). In the real world, It cannot be said that Li(理) and Chi(氣) have a before and after in time and they don't separate or meet spatially. If the Yulgok’s view of the ‘Li-Chi’ is consistently maintained, the claim that the view of the ‘Rénxīn Dàoxīn face each other (人心道心相對說)’ at the age of 37 changed to a ‘theory that focuses on the relationship between Rénxīn and Dàoxīn(人心道心對待說)’ at the age of 47 should be reconsidered. If Sì duān(四端) and Qī qíng(七情) focuses on elucidating the structure of the Mind, the theory of “Rénxīn Dàoxīn(人心道心)” goes one step further here and focuses on the practical execution of the Mind. Yulgok’s theory of ‘Rénxīn should follow Dàoxīn(人心聽命於道心說)’ came out based on this. Here we can find the proactive and spontaneous power of the Yulgok.
ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY
Authors:   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic, Fanta Michael , Barták Miroslav ,   Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 1, 400 96 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
Published: July 2022

The Czech Republic has long been among the countries with the highest alcohol consumption in the world. Almost a fifth of the Czech population is categorised as problematic or high-risk alcohol drinkers. Restrictions taken against the spread of coronavirus have affected the lives of millions of people. Due to economic insecurity and severe mental health consequences, potential changes in behavioural and consumption patterns might also occur. The aim of this article is therefore to analyse available research and data related to alcohol consumption in the Czech Republic during the COVID-19 pandemic (the year 2020). Within this research, methods of time series analyses, comparison and synthesis were applied. Macroeconomic data indicated a decline in overall consumption, which however is affected by reduced tourism. On the other hand, microeconomic data showed an increase in average consumption when people with intense patterns of substance use increased their level of use. If the situation is not sufficiently addressed, serious socio-economic risks might occur, including increased costs for the healthcare system.
MONETARY STRATEGIES DURING AND AFTER THE GREAT RECESSION: ECB VS NBS
Authors:   Faculty of Economics in Subotica, University of Novi Sad, Subotica, Serbia, Stojkov Stefan
Published: July 2022

The last few decades of the world economic structure have been characterized by a trend of global convergence in the context of the exponential interconnectedness of initially divergent financial markets. With deeper trade and financial integration, nationally oriented monetary policy is confronted with serious obstacles and limitations, having in mind higher vulnerability to the external crisis shocks. The focus of this analysis is the heterogeneous monetary responses of the ECB and the NBS to the same external shocks induced by the Great 2008 Recession. The main findings suggest that both monetary systems should rely on discretionary policy taking current macroeconomic health into account. In contrast to the monetary responses to the Global Recession, the analysis shows that the reactions to the COVID-19 crisis remained faithful to unorthodox measures in ECB’s case but unrelated in NBS’s case.
El videojuego como herramienta de alfabetización informacional en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Martín-Martín Óliver , Manero Borja , Romero-Hernández Alejandro
Published: July 2022

Video games are useful learning tools in different fields. This work seeks to evaluate, through a self-developed video game, their usefulness as a learning tool for the information literacy of undergraduate students. The videogame “The last exam” was developed after the analysis of 1,639 user queries registered over 2 years at the Complutense University Library, and aims to answer queries common to other university libraries. To evaluate its impact, a single-group pilot experiment was carried out with 14 undergraduate students using a pre-test/post-test validated by experts. The results show significant improvements in the students’ information skills, as well as positive evaluations of the exercise. We conclude that the incorporation of video games as a complement to the content of library training programs can be beneficial, especially as an introduction or for reinforcement or evaluation. Resumen Los videojuegos han resultado útiles para el aprendizaje en diferentes campos. El presente trabajo trata de evaluar la utilidad del videojuego como herramienta de aprendizaje para la alfabetización informacional de estudiantes de grado universitario. El videojuego “El último examen” nace tras el análisis de 1.639 consultas registradas en un período de dos años en la Biblioteca de la Universidad Complutense, y tiene como objetivo dar respuestas a demandas, que son extrapolables a otras bibliotecas universitarias. Para evaluar su utilidad se realiza un experimento piloto de grupo único con 14 estudiantes de grado. Los resultados muestran mejoras significativas en sus competencias informacionales y valoraciones positivas de la intervención. Se concluye que la incorporación de videojuegos como complemento a los contenidos de los programas formativos de las bibliotecas puede resultar provechoso, especialmente como introducción, refuerzo o evaluación de estos.
Predicting the Course of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using Logistic Regression Methods and Classification Trees
Authors:   Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health, Panina Yu.S. ,   Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Narkevich A.N. ,   Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Dmitrenko D.V. ,   Professor V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University (a Federal Government-funded Educational Institution of Higher Education), Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Study Objective: To determine the independent role of the carriage of SNVs genes IL-1β, TNF, BDNF, NTRK-2, clinical, biochemical parameters in predicting the course of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy using statistical modeling methods. Study Design: Prospective study. Materials and Methods. 166 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy were examined. The diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy was determined on the basis of clinical and anamnestic data, electroencephalography data, and neuroimaging data. Based on the molecular genetic analysis of the SNVs genes IL-1β, TNF, BDNF, NTRK-2, the study of the concentration of BDNF, NTRK-2, IL-1β, TNFα in blood plasma by enzyme immunoassay, neuroimaging data and clinical anamnestic data, a prognosis of the course was carried out mesial temporal lobe epilepsy using logistic regression analysis and classification trees. Study Results. The method of multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the combined effect of hippocampal sclerosis and carriage of the A allele rs6265 of the BDNF gene leads to an uncompensated course of temporal lobe epilepsy. The accuracy was 80.3%, sensitivity — 66.7%, 95% CI: 46.0%; 83.5%, specificity — 91.4%, 95% CI: 76.9%; 98.2%. Using the CHAID algorithm, a classification tree was generated, allowing to assign patients with temporal lobe epilepsy to the group of compensated or uncompensated course of the disease. The accuracy of the model was 80.3%, sensitivity — 75.0%, 95% CI: 66.9%; 82.0%, specificity — 87.8%, 95% CI: 79.6%; 93.5%. Conclusion. Prognostically significant clinical characteristics of patients with VE, features of changes in the concentrations of circulating proinflammatory and neurotrophic factors, the carriage of single-nucleotide variants of the genes encoding them to predict the nature of the course of VE were identified which allows in practice to apply a personalized approach to the patient, especially in demand in the case of chronic disease. Keywords: mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, prognosis, logistic regression, classification trees.
Psychological and Behavioral Characteristics of Patients with Medication-Overuse Headache
Authors:   LLC Right Treatment, Shagbazyan A.E. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Guziy E.A. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation, Tabeeva G.R. ,   Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University); Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Study Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of patients with medication-overuse headache (MOH) for their further treatment. Study Design: Prospective study. Materials and Methods. Within 12 months, 120 patients (12 men and 108 women, mean age of men — 46.3 ± 3.54 years, of women — 41.3 ± 9.5 years) with primary headache and MOH were followed up. Participants were divided into two groups depending on the diagnosis: group I (n = 44) — patients with chronic forms of primary headache without MOH, group II (n = 76) — patients with chronic forms of primary headache and MOH. The patients filled out special questionnaires for their characterization. Study Results. The study compared groups according to the frequency of taking various types of analgesic drugs. Patients with MOH took pain medications: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs — 15 (19.7%), triptans — 38 (50%), combined drugs — 23 (30.3%); 46 patients chose analgesic drug/s based on the speed of effect, and the preferred characteristics of the drugs were the availability (n = 25) and complete relieve pain (n = 19). The most of participants chose pain medications based on a doctor's recommendation; 44 (57.9%) of MOH patients tried to cancel them on their own, but failed. In people with MOH, the most common behavioral strategies were: taking painkillers to prevent headaches due to fear of pain (34.2%); refusal to discontinue the drug due to fear of increased pain even in the presence of side effects (22.4%); frequent practice of escalating the amount and dose of symptomatic agents in conditions of catastrophic pain (21.1%). The characteristics of our patients and their emotional and behavioral features showed that a more detailed study of these characteristics and features is necessary to develop a further treatment plan. Conclusion. When treating patients with MOH show that a complex approach to a comprehensive analysis of the state of physical and emotional health is needed. The characteristics of our patients once again prove the importance of a dialogue between a doctor and a patient to improve the effectiveness of treatment. A significant role in preventive methods implemented through educational programs are important for improving the quality of their lives. Keywords: medication-overuse headache, chronic primary headache, migraine, tension type headache, behavioral characteristics of patients with chronic headache, educational programs in management of patients with headache.
Comparison of Clinical and Criminological Features of Patients with Organic Mental
Authors:   Expert Organisation ", Popov S.N. ,   Voronezh Centre for Medical Expert Examinations",   Voronezh, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Study Objective: To study the clinical and criminological factors in patients with schizophrenia and organic mental disorders (OMDs) recorded before the first socially dangerous act (SDA), and to analyse various features taking into account follow-up of these patients and repeated SDA prevention. Study Design: Comparative study. Materials and Methods. The study included 86 schizophrenia patients (study group A) and 45 patients with OMDs (study group B) who committed repeated SDAs, were found insane and were forced to undergo various court-appointed therapies for 2 and more times. In this study, we used the clinical psychopathologic method with due account to psychopathology and clinical statistic method as the main methods. Study Results. 49 (57%) and 23 (51.1%) patients in group A and group B, respectively, were not held criminally liable before; thus, 37 (43%) patients in group A and 22 (48.9%) patients in group B had criminal records. In group A, 26 (30.2%) patients were held criminally liable once, whereas in group B — 9 (20%); 11 (12.8%) and 13 (28.9%) patients, respectively, had multiple criminal records. Patients with schizophrenia committed more crimes against life — 13.5% in past medical history to 30.2% in case of a repeated SDA; the number of crimes against property remained relatively stable (from 59.4% in past medical history to 54.7% in case of a repeated SDA). Drug-related crimes became more numerous: an increase from 2.7 to 11.7%. In patients with OMDs, the number of crimes against property dropped from 86.4% in past medical history to 51.1% in case of a repeated SDA, whereas the number of crimes against life rose (from 4.5% in past medical history and up to 35.6% in case of a repeated SDA). At the same time, the incidence of drug-related crimes grew insignificantly (from 9.1% to 11.1%). Conclusion. It was found out that patients in these nosological categories have specific criminal behaviours affecting their illegal activities, features of SDA relapses, and changes in the criminal behaviour structure over the course of disease. The obtained data make it possible to study the characteristics of criminal behaviours of mentally handicapped individuals and will help develop recommendations for prevention and forecast of crimes committed by mentally ill persons. Keywords: psychiatry, organic mental disorders, schizophrenia, socially dangerous acts.