bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a multi-phased approach to identify and address facilitators and barriers to the implementation of a population-wide genomic screening program
Authors: Allen Caitlin G. , Sterba Katherine , Norman Samantha , Jackson Amy , Hunt Kelly J. , McMahon Lori , Judge Daniel P.
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Population-wide genomic screening for CDC Tier-1 conditions offers the ability to identify the 1–2% of the US population at increased risk for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, Lynch Syndrome, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Implementation of population-wide screening programs is highly complex, requiring engagement of diverse collaborators and implementation teams. Implementation science offers tools to promote integration of these programs through the identification of determinants of success and strategies to address potential barriers.

Methods

Prior to launching the program, we conducted a pre-implementation survey to assess anticipated barriers and facilitators to reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM), among 51 work group members (phase 1). During the first year of program implementation, we completed coding of 40 work group meetings guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) (phase 2). We matched the top barriers to implementation strategies identified during phase 2 using the CFIR-ERIC (Expert Recommendation for Implementing Change) matching tool.

Results

Staffing and workload concerns were listed as the top barrier in the pre-implementation phase of the program. Top barriers during implementation included adaptability (n = 8, 20%), complexity (n = 14, 35%), patient needs and resources (n = 9, 22.5%), compatibility (n = 11, 27.5%), and self-efficacy (n = 9, 22.5%). We identified 16 potential implementation strategies across six ERIC clusters to address these barriers and operationalized these strategies for our specific setting and program needs.

Conclusion

Our findings provide an example of successful use of the CFIR-ERIC tool to guide implementation of a population-wide genomic screening program.
Identifying implementation strategies to address barriers of implementing a school-located influenza vaccination program in Beijing
Authors: Yan Ruijie , Yin Xuejun , Hu Yiluan , Wang Huan , Sun Chris , Gong Enying , Xin Xin , Zhang Juan
Published: October 2023

Background

The school-located influenza vaccinations (SLIV) can increase influenza vaccination and reduce influenza infections among school-aged children. However, the vaccination rate has remained low and varied widely among schools in Beijing, China. This study aimed to ascertain barriers and facilitators of implementing SLIV and to identify implementation strategies for SLIV quality improvement programs in this context.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with diverse stakeholders (i.e., representatives of both the Department of Health and the Department of Education, school physicians, class headteachers, and parents) involved in SLIV implementation. Participants were identified by purposive and snowball sampling. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was adopted to facilitate data collection and analysis. Themes and subthemes regarding barriers and facilitators were generated using deductive and inductive approaches. Based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research—Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (CFIR-ERIC) matching tool, practical implementation strategies were proposed to address the identified barriers of SLIV delivery.

Results

Twenty-four participants were interviewed. Facilitators included easy access to SLIV, clear responsibilities and close collaboration among government sectors, top-down authority, integrating SLIV into the routine of schools, and priority given to SLIV. The main barriers were parents’ misconception, inefficient coordination for vaccine supply and vaccination dates, the lack of planning, and inadequate access to knowledge and information about the SLIV. CFIR-ERIC Matching tool suggested implementation strategies at the system (i.e., developing an implementation blueprint, and promoting network weaving), school (i.e., training and educating school implementers), and consumer (i.e., engaging students and parents) levels to improve SLIV implementation.

Conclusions

There were substantial barriers to the delivery of the SLIV program. Theory-driven implementation strategies developed in this pre-implementation study should be considered to address those identified determinants for successful SLIV implementation.
Rock-physics-guided machine learning for shear sonic log prediction
Authors: Zhao Luanxiao , Liu Jingyu , Xu Minghui , Zhu Zhenyu , Chen Yuanyuan , Geng Jianhua
Published: October 2023

The S-wave velocity ([Formula: see text]) is a vital parameter for various petrophysical, geophysical, and geomechanical applications in subsurface characterization. Nevertheless, obtaining shear sonic log is frequently challenging because of its high economic, time, and operating costs. Conventional methods for predicting [Formula: see text] rely on empirical relationships and rock-physics models, which often fall short in accuracy due to their inability to account for the complex factors influencing the relationship between [Formula: see text] and other parameters. We develop a physics-guided machine learning (ML) approach to predict the shear sonic log using various physical parameters (e.g., natural gamma ray, P-wave velocity, density, and resistivity) that can be readily obtained from standard logging suites. Three types of rock-physical constraints combined with three guidance strategies form the various physics-guided models. Specifically, the three constraint models include mudrock line, empirical P- and S-wave velocity relationship, and multiparameter regression from the logging data, and the three guidance strategies involve physics-guided pseudolabels, physics-guided loss function, and transfer learning. To assess the model’s generalization ability and simulate the lack of labeled data in real-world applications, a single well is used as a training well, whereas the remaining four wells are used to blind test in a clastic reservoir. Compared with supervised ML without any constraints, all models incorporating physical constraints demonstrate a significant improvement in prediction accuracy and generalization performance. This underscores the importance of integrating the first-order physical laws into the network training for shear sonic log prediction. The most successful approach combines the multiparameter regression relationship with the physics-guided pseudolabels in this case, resulting in a remarkable 47% reduction in the average root-mean-square error during the blind test.
The epithelial polarity axis controls the resting membrane potential and Cl− co-transport in breast glandular structures
Authors: Urazaev Albert K. , Wang Lei , Bai Yunfeng , Adissu Hibret A. , Lelièvre Sophie A.
Published: October 2023

The membrane potential (MP) controls cell homeostasis by directing molecule transport and gene expression. How the MP is set upon epithelial differentiation is unknown. Given that tissue architecture also controls homeostasis, we investigated the relationship between basoapical polarity and resting MP in three-dimensional culture of the HMT-3522 breast cancer progression. A microelectrode technique to measure MP and input resistance reveals that the MP is raised by gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), which directs tight-junction mediated apical polarity, and is decreased by the Na+/K+/2Cl− (NKCC, encoded by SLC12A1 and SLC12A2) co-transporter, active in multicellular structures displaying basal polarity. In the tumor counterpart, the MP is reduced. Cancer cells display diminished GJIC and do not respond to furosemide, implying loss of NKCC activity. Induced differentiation of cancer cells into basally polarized multicellular structures restores widespread GJIC and NKCC responses, but these structures display the lowest MP. The absence of apical polarity, necessary for cancer onset, in the non-neoplastic epithelium is also associated with the lowest MP under active Cl− transport. We propose that the loss of apical polarity in the breast epithelium destabilizes cellular homeostasis in part by lowering the MP.
Stories of women's marriage and fertility experiences: Qualitative research on urban and rural cases in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Titisari Anastasia Septya , Swandewi Luh Kadek Ratih , Warren Carol , Reid Anja
Published: October 2023

Background: As a Hindu-majority province in Indonesia, Bali presents a unique and distinctive culture. Patrilocal (purusa) marriage and patrilineal inheritance as a continuation of the patriarchal system puts a man in the key role as a family successor. Having a son is a priority for a married couple in Balinese society. As a consequence, Balinese women experience several constraints related to their economic productive, reproductive, and adat (ritual) roles. When a family does not have a male heir, their daughter is pressed to find a spouse willing to accept sentana (matrilocal) marriage. This secondary form of marriage brings another complication for Balinese-Hindu women and does not necessarily relieve their submissive position. 

This research analyzes Balinese-Hindu women’s perspectives on their marriage experiences and fertility decisions. Methods: The data was collected in two areas representing rural (Banjar Tumbakasa in Gianyar) and urban (Banjar Biaung in Denpasar) locations in Bali Province, Indonesia from November 2019 to February 2020. Primary data was based on in-depth interviews of six rural and six urban married Balinese-Hindu women.  

Results: This qualitative inquiry into Balinese women's experience of the marriage system and fertility options in urban and rural Bali revealed varying degrees of social expectation to provide male descendants for their families. At the same time, economic burdens still haunt them in this development era, and have conflicting implications for family size. Their stories of purusa (patrilocal) and sentana (matrilocal) marriage were complex, being strongly associated with customary law (adat) in traditional society. Paradoxically, however, it was rural women in the study sample who disproportionately opted for the sentana arrangement and limitation of family size. 

Conclusions: This study explores women's fertility aspirations, notably regarding son precedence. It problematizes the sentana marriage alternative as a solution to lighten the expectations and burdens affecting women.
Effect of COVID-19 vaccines for the treatment of people with post-COVID-19 condition: a rapid review
Authors: Saif-Ur-Rahman K.M. , Kothari Kavita , Sadlier Corinna , Moriarty Frank , Movsisyan Ani , Whelan Sean , Taneri Petek Eylul , Blair Matthew , Guyatt Gordon , Devane Declan
Published: October 2023

Background: Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated reduced risk of hospitalisation and death against more recent variants of COVID-19. Some studies suggested improvements in patients with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) following vaccination. We systematically explored available evidence on the effect of COVID-19 vaccines on the treatment of people with PCC. Methods: We conducted a rapid review of the literature following systematic approaches. We searched Medline (OVID), EMBASE (Elsevier), ClinicalTrials.gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) for randomised trials, non-randomised trials, controlled before-after studies, and interrupted time-series studies of the effect of COVID-19 vaccines for treating people with PCC. Two independent review authors screened citations. Two review authors extracted data independently. We had planned to assess the risk of bias and use the GRADE approach (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) to assess the certainty of evidence if there were completed studies. Results: We identified two ongoing randomised controlled trials. Both trials examine the effectiveness of therapeutic vaccines on PCC. The anticipated completion date of the CIMAvax-EGFA trial is January 2023, and the completion date of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine trial is not stated. Conclusions: There is currently an absence of high‐quality evidence evaluating the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines for treating people with post-COVID-19 condition. The absence of published studies and only two ongoing trials highlight the need for additional studies on the effectiveness of vaccines for PCC. We recommend that researchers consider PCC as per the definition provided by the World Health Organization and use the available core outcome set for PCC in deciding which outcomes to measure and report in the trials. PROPSERO registration: CRD42022330821 (20/06/2022)
Quality of relationships in mothers and their partners in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Authors: Tohidinik Hamid Reza , Ben-Shlomo Yoav , Major-Smith Daniel , Goulding Neil , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Golding Jean , Northstone Kate , Fraser Abigail
Published: October 2023

Quality of relationship between partners is associated with a wide range of physical and psychological outcomes like anxiety and depression. There are relatively few longitudinal studies with detailed and repeated measures for quality of relationship, particularly in both partners. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a large birth cohort study in the UK with five post-partum repeated measures of quality of relationship between mothers and their partners assessed using the Intimate Bond Measure (IBM). The Measure includes two subscales named “Care” and “Control”. These were measured at 2.75, 6, 9, 12, and 18 years post-partum (baseline N for mothers: 8675; baseline N for partners: 5499). The aims of this data note are to provide a comprehensive overview on the existing IBM data in ALSPAC and to describe both its strengths and limitations for future users. The internal consistency of the subscales were high (Cronbach's alpha 0.95 and 0.88 for the Care and Control subscales) in both mothers and their partners at the baseline. In the Care subscale, all 12 items were highly correlated with the overall score (r>0.62) at the baseline, but in the Control subscale there were three items that had relatively low correlations with the total subscale (r<0.46). This should be taken into account in future research. The longitudinal nature of this data on both mothers and partners will enable detailed explorations of the causes and consequences of differences in quality of relationship.
NAMING IN FORMING A CREATIVE CONCEPT OF THE EMPLOYER’S VALUE PROPOSITION (EVP)
Authors: Nagibina N. , Nagibin S.
Published: October 2023

Geopolitical and economic challenges, the development of technology have significantly changed the external and internal labor market. The demographic situation is complex: there is a trend towards a decrease in the population of the Russian Federation; the number of youth and technical specialists is not growing at the pace necessary to meet the needs of employers; unemployment is kept at a “calm” level with an increase in the number of self-employed (people do not want to be hired because of a change in life values). In the context of the development of production, the struggle for graduates, specialists and talents is intensifying. Employer brand management is moving to a new level of quality: from entertainment events to deep development of the employer brand concept. The identifier of the company’s image is positioning — conveying the employer’s value proposition (EVP) to target audiences. The highlight of the study is a new look at the application of naming from product marketing to employer branding. Naming helps to succinctly, concisely and emotionally attractively formulate the key benefits of working in a company. By creating slogans that convey EVP, HR managers convey the identity, essence of the activity, products and benefits of working in the company. A creative concept in the form of visualization in corporate colors makes the employer recognizable, candidates want to work, employees want to stay. An overview of examples of naming in the formation of the creative concept of the employer’s value proposition is given.
Descifrando los océanos: el secreto está en la física
Authors: Villa Alfageme María
Published: October 2023

Este libro explora, de una forma amena, cómo la física puede ayudarnos a entender los océanos y proteger nuestro planeta. La profesora María Villa Alfageme nos lleva, a través de los secretos que se esconden en las profundidades marinas, desde la zona crepuscular hasta la exploración y explotación de los recursos marinos. También se analizan los retos que enfrenta la investigación en física marina y cómo se están abordando. El documento repasa conceptos impartidos en las asignaturas de esta materia y los observa desde otra perspectiva, quizás más llamativa.
La producción de branded podcast en España: análisis de la oferta original en las plataformas de audio digital en 2022.
Authors: Martínez Otón Laura , Castillo Lozano Eduardo , Martín Nieto Rebeca , Pedrero Esteban Luis Miguel , Perez Escoda Ana
Published: October 2023

El podcast se ha afianzado como un medio idóneo para que las marcas conecten con sus públicos gracias a su naturaleza especializada, a la libertad creativa del formato, a la escucha individual, atenta y selectiva, y a unos asequibles costes de producción. Además, como modelo de negocio, el branded podcast abre amplias posibilidades a los creadores y distribuidores de una industria cuyos recientes indicadores muestran un crecimiento sostenido en la producción y el consumo. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar los branded podcasts originales estrenados en 2022 en las principales plataformas de audio digital en España: Audible, Amazon Music, iVoox, Cuonda, Podium Podcast, Podimo, Sonora y Spotify. Sobre una muestra de 263 títulos, se identifican los 38 pertenecientes a esta variante mediante una metodología mixta –cuantitativa y cualitativa documental– con la finalidad de: a) estudiar su peso y relevancia específica en cada plataforma; b) categorizar los temas, géneros y sectores de actividad que invierten en estas producciones; y c) observar las estrategias de promoción en otros canales digitales (redes sociales, web y vídeo). Los resultados revelan que el branded podcast supone una fuente de financiación aún pequeña frente a la publicidad y la suscripción: el 14% de los estrenos se adscriben a este formato, muy utilizado por el sector editorial y, en menor medida, por las marcas de finanzas, automoción y hogar.
Ontology-Based Intelligent Interface Personalization for Protection Against Phishing Attacks
Authors: Zahedi Fatemeh Mariam , Chen Yan , Zhao Huimin
Published: October 2023

Millions of users on the Internet have fallen into phishing website traps. Detection tools are designed to warn users against such attacks, but often fail to achieve this purpose. One crucial reason behind this is that users rarely have a chance to interact and build a relationship with a detection tool that stealthily runs at the backend. A warning message on a rarely seen interface from such a tool hardly inspires users’ trust in its authenticity and accuracy. In this study, we propose an ontology-based intelligent interface personalization (OBIIP) design for the warning interfaces of phishing website detection tools. We first constructed an ontology of warning interface elements (OWIE), which is a comprehensive knowledgebase for warning interface design. We then used OWIE in the design and creation of an OBIIP prototype and assessed it in a laboratory experiment and an online experiment. The results show the significant value of OBIIP in improving users’ performance in terms of self-protection against website phishing attacks and building a stronger relationship with the detection tool in terms of trust in and use of the tool.
OCCUPATION VS. RESISTANCE
Authors: Pradhan Bansidhar
Published: October 2023

The indiscriminate killing of Palestinians in the occupied Gaza Strip by the Israeli war machine, during July–August 2014, marked yet another phase in the long-drawn-out Palestinian resistance against Israeli occupation. The large-scale death, destruction, and displacement on the Palestinian side underlined a particular pattern of Israeli State behavior vis-à-vis the Palestinians in Gaza. This article argues that the 2014 operation, code named “Operation Protective Edge,” was but a part of Israel’s long-term, well-thought-out, and consistently pursued policy of crushing Palestinian resistance and eliminating Palestinian identity and nationalism.
Medicalización, paradigma de control y relaciones de poder. Mirando desde la sociedad paliativa
Authors: Silva-Castro Martha Milena , Lagos-Morales Ximena , Serrano-Uribe Adriana , Martínez-Cuadros Rosa
Published: October 2023

En este artículo hemos sintetizado un diálogo reflexivo interdisciplinar sobre los motivos por los cuales los medicamentos, y diversas sustancias farmacológicamente activas, están siendo usadas más allá de la enfermedad, desplazando su uso hacia la búsqueda incesante de bienestar. Este diálogo entretejió las ideas planteadas en un conversatorio de la VII Semana de la Antropología organizada por el Instituto Catalán de Antropología en 2022. Tomó como punto de partida el libro La Sociedad Paliativa de Byung-Chul Han, publicado en Barcelona por Editorial Herder, el cual presenta una mirada renovada de fenómenos sociomédicos como la medicalización, la farmaceuticalización y la medicamentalización de la vida. Aunque son conocidas por la antropología de la salud, las relaciones de poder que suceden en los procesos de salud/enfermedad/atención y el control biopsicosocial que pueden llegar a ejercer los medicamentos, el planteamiento de “la ideología de bienestar permanente” que propone Byung-Chul Han, deslocaliza esta problemática de los servicios de salud y la extiende al ámbito social ya que “la positividad de la felicidad desbanca a la negatividad del dolor”. Asimismo, este manuscrito estructura la bibliografía de los marcos teóricos que fundamentan la conversación, permitiendo a las lectoras situarse en las referencias del tema. Espacios como estos conversatorios promueven la generación de conocimientos críticos ante situaciones que nos interpelan como profesionales de ámbitos antropológicos y farmacéuticos. Mediante estos espacios reflexivos, y su posterior escritura, es posible expresar y explicar nuestra posicionalidad. No en contra ni a favor de la medicamentalización, sino buscando una ubicación equilibrada y ecuánime, a favor de las personas que sufren, que contrarresta la ceguera ante las causas socioculturales de la enfermedad.
Fichte's Perfectionist Solution to the Problem of Autonomy
Authors: Nisenbaum Karin
Published: October 2023

abstract: This paper has two related aims. The first is to argue that Fichte's concept of freedom is perfectionist. By 'perfectionism,' I mean a moral theory according to which our good, ultimately, is realizing our true nature; Fichte also holds a perfectionist view of freedom, according to which we achieve freedom only to the extent that we succeed in making ourselves good or realizing our true nature. The second aim of this paper is to show how Fichte's perfectionist concept of freedom solves two problems confronting Kantian autonomy: the "paradox" of Kantian autonomy and the "dilemma" of post-Kantian autonomy. As I contend, Fichte's perfectionist concept of freedom avoids these two problems by enabling us to view self-determination as a form of self-causation, and by showing that we can be responsible for our immoral actions even if we are not fully free when we perform them.
Norwegian-American Women Homesteaders in Brown County, Minnesota
Authors: Sackrison Caitlin
Published: October 2023

Abstract: In the 1860s, women’s property rights in the United States changed dramatically with the passage of the Homestead Act and the Married Women’s Property Act. At the same time, Norwegians were immigrating in droves to the plains of the Middle West looking to settle and lay claim to undeveloped land. This project examines this juncture and how Norwegian immigrant women responded to their expanding rights. Through data analysis of census records, land patents and claims, and wills and probates, combined with narratives from settlers and their descendants, this research examines the experiences of Norwegian-American women homesteaders in Brown County, Minnesota, while also exploring how their perspectives on women’s rights and labor were influenced by both their Norwegian heritage and their growing acculturation into American society.
All He Needed Was a Hull: Slow Criticism in Cancel Culture Times
Authors: Nair Rukmini Bhaya
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The essaytraces an arc from atrue story of shipwreck involving the ships Patience and Deliverance in the seventeenth century to a twenty-first-century conversation between the artificial intelligence system ChatGPT and the author on the subjects of patience and narrative crisis. It is suggested that deliverance from crises isintegral to the conceptual structure of both patience and narrative. Features of patience as a "postcrisis virtue" are then sought to be captured within a triangulation of concepts: urgent patience (paradoxical and action-oriented), narrative patience (methodological and linguistic), and fake patience (mechanical and emotionless), leading on to a tentative listing of some features of a "slow criticism" attentive to the fractious anxieties of our times.
Violence on Demand: Commodification of Digital Violence in Trash Streaming
Authors: Wojtyna Miłosz
Published: October 2023

Abstract: This article examines how representations of violence in a range of transgressive autobiographical narratives streamed online have become objects of (financial, social, communicative) transactions in which the aesthetic and moral status of acts of violence (understood as radical instances of norm-breaking) contributes to audience engagement and results in a voluntary servitude relationship between creators and their viewers. The argumentation I offer here analyzes the connection of audience engagement with gratification mechanisms based on high eventfulness of the violations presented, on the one hand, and participation models based on an illusory sense of agency, on the other. In this conjunction of participation and gratification, performative aspects of online streaming are discussed to show that violence is not merely an event represented on-screen but also a performative product of the power regimes that are established between authors and audiences. Essential for contemporary narrative theory in general, the notion of eventfulness is discussed here for two reasons: to indicate the reliance of digital culture on event as an organizing compositional principle, and to observe the potential effect this reliance might have on the endorsing of violent acts by internet communities. The com-modification of violence that results from the nexus of eventfulness, gratification, and participation is illustrated in a case study of the so-called "trash streams," a subgenre of online broadcasts in which authors present radically violent, odd, transgressive content to attract the attention of viewers, solicit financial support, and obtain reputational benefits.
The Aesthetics of Dehumanization: Anti-Roma Narratives in Italian Far-Right Propaganda, 2017–2022
Authors: Capecchi Erica
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Beginning in the early 2010s, Italy has seen a new wave of popularization of far-right populist forces in institutional political contexts. Parties such as the Lega (League) and Fratelli d'Italia (Brothers of Italy) have engaged in campaigns of legitimation of ideologies based on ethnonationalist assumptions and racial exclusion that have become increasingly normalized within the public debate. This article analyzes the implementation of dehumanizing aesthetics in the propaganda of today's Italian far-right movements as applied to the discrimination of Roma minorities. Informed by old patterns of prejudice, the general storytelling around Roma in Italy is framed within fearful imaginaries of threat exploited by far-right groups to legitimize racist discourses and promote exclusionary policy agendas. The discussion considers the ability of far-right movements to use popular social media platforms for the diffusion of dehumanizing narratives that attempt to influence people's perception of Roma in public discourse. This article dissects some of the main elements informing anti-Roma narratives in the Italian political scene by considering a selection of case studies drawn from Facebook and Twitter profiles of institutional Italian far-right leaders. The discussion explores the connection between online and offline dimensions by examining the events at Torre Maura, a suburban borough of Rome that in 2019 saw violent anti-Roma protests led by neofascist fringe groups. This example is deemed interesting for the analysis of the potential of far-right aesthetics to transcend the online dimension and turn a general climate of fear, hate, and social tension into offline actions and behaviors.
Correlations of multimode optical incidences in a turbulent biological tissue
Authors: Baykal Yahya , Gökçe Muhsin Caner , Gerçekcioğlu Hamza , Ata Yalçın
Published: October 2023

In a turbulent biological tissue, field correlations at the observation plane are found when a multimode optical incidence is used. For different multimode structures, variations of the multimode field correlations are evaluated against the biological tissue turbulence parameters, i.e., the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations, fractal dimension, characteristic length of heterogeneity, and the small length-scale factor. Using a chosen multimode content, for specific biological tissue types of liver parenchyma (mouse), intestinal epithelium (mouse), upper dermis (human), and deep dermis (mouse), field correlations are evaluated versus the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations and small length-scale factor. Again, with a chosen multimode content, behavior of the field correlations is studied against the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations for various diagonal lengths and the transverse coordinate at the observation plane. Finally, the field correlation versus the strength coefficient of the refractive-index fluctuations is reported for different single modes, which are special cases of multimode excitation. This topic is being reported in the literature for the first time, to our knowledge, and the presented results can be employed in many important biological tissue applications.
Comparison of tandem pumping and direct pumping on high-power linearly polarized fiber laser
Authors: Wu Yulun , Yan Ping , Li Dan , Wang Lele , Gong Mali , Xiao Qirong
Published: October 2023

In this article, a thorough model of linearly polarized fiber laser considering polarization coupling, mode coupling, SBS, and SRS effects is established. The output results of direct pumping and tandem pumping linearly polarized fiber laser under different SBS and SRS intensity settings are simulated. The results show that direct pumping is a better pumping scheme at present, and if the doping concentration of gain fiber can be further increased and the mode field quality of corresponding passive fiber can be optimized, the disadvantages of tandem pumping can be suppressed. To explore the potential of tandem pumping, a backward tandem pumped linearly polarized fiber amplifier is built and 875 W over 13 dB linearly polarized laser output is obtained.
Adaptive decision threshold for an optical multipath-interference-impaired short-reach 50-Gbps PAM4 transmission
Authors: Li Yibin , Wei Zixian , Deng Bohua , Liu Zhongxu , Yu Changyuan , Fu H. Y.
Published: October 2023

The short-reach optical transmission systems based on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) are gradually evolving into the networks with complex link topologies and connections, especially inside the data center. Multipath interference (MPI) introduces irregular fluctuations in the 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) signals and therefore affects the transmission performance. This Letter proposes an adaptive decision threshold (ADT) scheme to dynamically update the decision threshold, which can track the signal fluctuations in real time and mitigate the impact of MPI noise on the transmitted PAM4 signals. Numerical simulation results present that the proposed ADT scheme can significantly improve the bit error rate (BER) performance of the MPI-impaired PAM4 transmission system considering different MPI levels and laser linewidths. In a 50-Gbps PAM4 transmission system, the ADT can improve the MPI tolerance by more than beyond 6 dB when the BER reaches the KP4-forward error correction (FEC) criterion (2.4 × 10−4), presenting a better denoising performance than the existing MPI-mitigation algorithms A1 and A2. Moreover, the ADT scheme offers a lower computation complexity compared with A1 and A2, making it more practical for implementation.
Electromagnetism is Space Geometrodynamics Part 3
Authors: Barak Shlomo
Published: October 2023

Part 3: Electromagnetism as the Geometrodynamics of Space
Light is a vibration (excitation) of the Electromagnetic field, which as we show is Space itself. Light is thus kind of a vibration of the Space lattice:
Adopting the idea that space is a lattice (cellular structure), Space Density  is defined as the number of space cells per unit volume (denoted 0 for space with no deformations). Based on this we define Electric Charge Density as: q=1/4π ∙ (ρ-ρ0)/ρ. This charge density is positive if  > 0 (contracted space) and negative if  < 0 (dilated space). This is all we need to derive electrostatics in this paper Part 1. By adding the Lorentz Transformation to the definition of q, we derive in this paper, Part 3, the entire Maxwell Electromagnetic theory with no phenomenology. Thus, the Electromagnetic field is the Space lattice and Light is its vibration.
Quantifying the relationship between climatic indicators and leptospirosis incidence in Fiji: A modelling study
Authors: Rees Eleanor M. , Lotto Batista Martín , Kama Mike , Kucharski Adam J. , Lau Colleen L. , Lowe Rachel
Published: October 2023

Leptospirosis, a global zoonotic disease, is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, including Fiji where it’s endemic with year-round cases and sporadic outbreaks coinciding with heavy rainfall. However, the relationship between climate and leptospirosis has not yet been well characterised in the South Pacific. In this study, we quantify the effects of different climatic indicators on leptospirosis incidence in Fiji, using a time series of weekly case data between 2006 and 2017. We used a Bayesian hierarchical mixed-model framework to explore the impact of different precipitation, temperature, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) indicators on leptospirosis cases over a 12-year period. We found that total precipitation from the previous six weeks (lagged by one week) was the best precipitation indicator, with increased total precipitation leading to increased leptospirosis incidence (0.24 [95% CrI 0.15–0.33]). Negative values of the Niño 3.4 index (indicative of La Niña conditions) lagged by four weeks were associated with increased leptospirosis risk (-0.2 [95% CrI -0.29 –-0.11]). Finally, minimum temperature (lagged by one week) when included with the other variables was positively associated with leptospirosis risk (0.15 [95% CrI 0.01–0.30]). We found that the final model was better able to capture the outbreak peaks compared with the baseline model (which included seasonal and inter-annual random effects), particularly in the Western and Northern division, with climate indicators improving predictions 58.1% of the time. This study identified key climatic factors influencing leptospirosis risk in Fiji. Combining these results with demographic and spatial factors can support a precision public health framework allowing for more effective public health preparedness and response which targets interventions to the right population, place, and time. This study further highlights the need for enhanced surveillance data and is a necessary first step towards the development of a climate-based early warning system.
Edible flora in pre-Columbian Caribbean coprolites: Expected and unexpected data
Authors: Reynoso-García Jelissa , Santiago-Rodriguez Tasha M. , Narganes-Storde Yvonne , Cano Raul J. , Toranzos Gary A.
Published: October 2023

Coprolites, or mummified feces, are valuable sources of information on ancient cultures as they contain ancient DNA (aDNA). In this study, we analyzed ancient plant DNA isolated from coprolites belonging to two pre-Columbian cultures (Huecoid and Saladoid) from Vieques, Puerto Rico, using shotgun metagenomic sequencing to reconstruct diet and lifestyles. We also analyzed DNA sequences of putative phytopathogenic fungi, likely ingested during food consumption, to further support dietary habits. Our findings show that pre-Columbian Caribbean cultures had a diverse diet consisting of maize (Zea mays), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), chili peppers (Capsicum annuum), peanuts (Arachis spp.), papaya (Carica papaya), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and, very surprisingly cotton (Gossypium barbadense) and tobacco (Nicotiana sylvestris). Modelling of putative phytopathogenic fungi and plant interactions confirmed the potential consumption of these plants as well as edible fungi, particularly Ustilago spp., which suggest the consumption of maize and huitlacoche. These findings suggest that a variety of dietary, medicinal, and hallucinogenic plants likely played an important role in ancient human subsistence and societal customs. We compared our results with coprolites found in Mexico and the United States, as well as present-day faeces from Mexico, Peru, and the United States. The results suggest that the diet of pre-Columbian cultures resembled that of present-day hunter-gatherers, while agriculturalists exhibited a transitional state in dietary lifestyles between the pre-Columbian cultures and larger scale farmers and United States individuals. Our study highlights differences in dietary patterns related to human lifestyles and provides insight into the flora present in the pre-Columbian Caribbean area. Importantly, data from ancient fecal specimens demonstrate the importance of ancient DNA studies to better understand pre-Columbian populations.
Early warning of telecom enterprise customer churn based on ensemble learning
Authors: Zhou Yancong , Chen Wenyue , Sun Xiaochen , Yang Dandan
Published: October 2023

Analyzing customers’ characteristics and giving the early warning of customer churn based on machine learning algorithms, can help enterprises provide targeted marketing strategies and personalized services, and save a lot of operating costs. Data cleaning, oversampling, data standardization and other preprocessing operations are done on 900,000 telecom customer personal characteristics and historical behavior data set based on Python language. Appropriate model parameters were selected to build BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network). Random Forest (RF) and Adaboost, the two classic ensemble learning models were introduced, and the Adaboost dual-ensemble learning model with RF as the base learner was put forward. The four models and the other four classical machine learning models-decision tree, naive Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) were utilized respectively to analyze the customer churn data. The results show that the four models have better performance in terms of recall rate, precision rate, F1 score and other indicators, and the RF-Adaboost dual-ensemble model has the best performance. Among them, the recall rates of BPNN, RF, Adaboost and RF-Adaboost dual-ensemble model on positive samples are respectively 79%, 90%, 89%,93%, the precision rates are 97%, 99%, 98%, 99%, and the F1 scores are 87%, 95%, 94%, 96%. The RF-Adaboost dual-ensemble model has the best performance, and the three indicators are 10%, 1%, and 6% higher than the reference. The prediction results of customer churn provide strong data support for telecom companies to adopt appropriate retention strategies for pre-churn customers and reduce customer churn.
Rudolf Laban and the seven planes of consciousness: Sensory-somatic portals to spirit
Authors: Chambers-Coe Juliet
Published: October 2023

This article explores an unpublished and so far unarticulated aspect of Rudolf Laban’s spiritual thinking which focuses specifically on a diagrammatic sketch drawing by Laban found in the Rudolf Laban Archive at the University of Surrey. In this sketch Laban depicts planes of consciousness and movements of the material and subtle sensory bodies as they relate to his notions of Space, Effort and consciousness, mirroring Rudolf Steiner’s ‘ladder’ of spiritual consciousness. The article further discusses (using this sketch as a stimulus) Laban’s interest in the unconscious, ‘unseen’ aspects of embodiment and his Rosicrucian thinking alongside Steiner’s acknowledgment of the importance of the body as the site of, and portal to, spiritual knowledge and the processual nature of material and subtle existence which has movement at its heart.
Personal reflections on somatic practice and education as a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Authors: Roper Marin Leggat
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the author’s experience as a Certified Laban Movement Analyst (CLMA) teaching Laban Movement Analysis and Bartenieff Fundamentals to Dance BFA, BA and Dance Education majors at Brigham Young University (BYU), a private religious university sponsored by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, located in Provo, Utah. Reflecting global trends, Latter-day Saint Millennials and Gen Z-ers are increasingly disaffiliating from organized religion. Drawing on teaching observations, lived experience, interviews with other self-identifying Latter-day Saint CLMAs, I reflect on this trend in the context of polarities, doctrinal polarities commonly upheld within Christianity and embodied polarities articulated through the Laban/Bartenieff Movement System (L/BMS) system. Change, Knowing and Wholeness frame the reflection. Pedagogical practices, including assignment descriptions and guided movement explorations, provide some contour around the relevance of Laban’s theories within the context of a twenty-first-century religious education.
La revolución cubana y los comunistas españoles, entre la lucha armada y el antiimperialismo (1959-1963)
Authors: Rodríguez Suárez Daniel
Published: October 2023

Las relaciones entre la Revolución cubana y el PCE estuvieron sometidas, durante el primer quinquenio revolucionario a las tensiones de la Guerra Fría, a las incomprensiones generadas por las relaciones entre la España de Franco y Cuba y a los desencuentros derivados de los caminos a emprender en la lucha contra el franquismo. En este contexto, el antiimperialismo se articuló como un área de entendimiento que terminó impactando en el argumentario de los comunistas españoles.
La escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos: Una herramienta para monitorizar la convención sobre los derechos de las personas con discapacidad
Authors: Gómez-Sánchez Laura Elisabet , Morán-Suárez M.ª Lucía , Solís-García Patricia , Sierra-Maroto Marta , Pérez-Curiel Patricia , Verdugo-Alonso Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2023

Resulta urgente e ineludible contar con herramientas, con adecuadas evidencias de validez y fiabilidad, que permitan evaluar hasta qué punto las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) verdaderamente ejercen sus derechos en todos los ámbitos de su vida. El objetivo de este artículo consiste en proporcionar evidencias acerca de la utilidad y la fiabilidad de la versión preliminar de la escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos, un instrumento diseñado a partir del Modelo de Calidad de Vida y Apoyos. La escala puede ser autoinformada por personas con DI o heteroinformada por familiares o profesionales. Por un lado, mediante un estudio cualitativo con autogestores con DI se proporcionan evidencias acerca de la necesidad y la utilidad de esta herramienta para conocer y monitorizar el cumplimiento de la Convención. Por otro lado, presentamos datos preliminares de la consistencia interna de los ítems, analizando las respuestas de 1.200 personas con DI, familiares y profesionales. La escala #YoTambién Tengo Derechos permitirá llevar a cabo estudios nacionales sobre el cumplimiento de la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad y, con su adaptación al contexto legal y cultural de otros países, estudios comparativos internacionales.
Las microagresiones capacitistas en el alumnado con discapacidad de las universidades de Granada y Jaén
Authors: López-Pérez Mercedes , Girela-Rejón Blanca Amalia
Published: October 2023

El capacitismo es una ideología que perpetúa la idea de que la discapacidad es inherentemente negativa y produce una acción discriminatoria hacia aquellos que no se ajustan al estereotipo “ideal” de persona comúnmente aceptado. Como expresión de este están las microagresiones capacitistas que son un tipo de violencia, más o menos evidente, que va acompañada de acciones sutiles contra las personas con discapacidad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer las microagresiones capacitistas que vive el estudiantado con discapacidad de las universidades de Granada y Jaén, tanto dentro de sus respectivas instituciones como en el desarrollo de sus actividades cotidianas. Con un enfoque cuantitativo hemos diseñado un estudio descriptivo observacional y mediante la encuesta hemos recogido los datos. Los principales resultados han sido que el factor determinante para experimentar estas microagresiones es la “minimización de la discapacidad”, las variables más relevantes son la visibilidad de la discapacidad, la utilización de apoyos técnicos y/o humanos, el origen y el tipo de discapacidad y las manifestaciones más asiduas vuelven a ser las relacionadas con la “minimización de la discapacidad”. Concluimos que la mayoría de la muestra soportan microagresiones capacitistas según sea la visibilidad de su discapacidad.
Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and virulence gene profile of Escherichia coli strains shared between food and other sources in Africa: A systematic review
Authors: Hounkpe Eustache C. , Sessou Philippe , Farougou Souaïbou , Daube Georges , Delcenserie Véronique , Azokpota Paulin , Korsak Nicolas
Published: October 2023

Background and Aim: Foodborne diseases caused by Escherichia coli are prevalent globally. Treatment is challenging due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria, except for foodborne infections due to Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, for which treatment is symptomatic. Several studies have been conducted in Africa on antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from several sources. The prevalence and distribution of resistant pathogenic E. coli isolated from food, human, and animal sources and environmental samples and their virulence gene profiles were systematically reviewed.

Materials and Methods: Bibliographic searches were performed using four databases. Research articles published between 2000 and 2022 on antibiotic susceptibility and virulence gene profile of E. coli isolated from food and other sources were selected.

Results: In total, 64 articles were selected from 14 African countries: 45% of the studies were conducted on food, 34% on animal samples, 21% on human disease surveillance, and 13% on environmental samples. According to these studies, E. coli is resistant to ~50 antimicrobial agents, multidrug-resistant, and can transmit at least 37 types of virulence genes. Polymerase chain reaction was used to characterize E. coli and determine virulence genes.

Conclusion: A significant variation in epidemiological data was noticed within countries, authors, and sources (settings). These results can be used as an updated database for monitoring E. coli resistance in Africa. More studies using state-of-the-art equipment are needed to determine all resistance and virulence genes in pathogenic E. coli isolated in Africa.

Keywords: Africa, antibiotic resistance, Escherichia coli virulence genes, food, systematic review.