bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Taxation Profession in Australia – A Framework
Authors: Curran Michael , Yapa Prem W.S.
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the nature of the taxation profession in Australia and its development over the past three decades and then suggests a framework to analyse important initiatives that have taken place during this period. Using secondary sources and the organizing principles of State, Market and Community (Puxty et al., 1987), we begin with the subject of tax policies and legislation introduced by the state and its impact on the tax profession in Australia. We follow this with a discussion relating to the recognition of Australian tax practice as a profession. The paper then focusses on two key areas of professional development during the last three decades, namely: tax law and tax administration. The paper finds interesting issues relating to professionalization of taxation in Australia. With the involvement of the state, market and the society over the last three decades, there is a requirement to recognise taxation practice as a profession in Australia. The paper suggests that the establishment of the Tax Practitioners Board[1], a statutory body to regulate the taxation profession in Australia, in conjunction with approved professional associations, may have enhanced the effective maintenance of the tax profession which has contributed to social, political and economic development in Australia. [1] The Minister for Revenue and Financial Services appoint the Board, so there is some degree of control by the state.
Empowering Organisations to Gain From Uncertainty: a Conceptualisation of Antifragility Through Leveraging Organisational Routines in Uncertain Environments
Authors: Munoz Albert , Todres Mathew , Rook Laura
Published: July 2021

Economic shifts, disruptive innovations, and competitive rivalries continuously reshape the operating environment of organisations. Such uncertainty impacts organisations and raises significant challenges. While many organisations tend to respond to uncertainty by adopting loss minimisation strategies, others see uncertainty as an opportunity to achieve gains. The latter view is exemplified in Taleb’s (2012) concept of ‘antifragility’, a property of systems that gain when exposed to uncertainty. For organisations, the challenge lies in the identification and execution of fundamental artefacts to accomplish work to achieve antifragile outcomes. One such artefact is the organisational routine; repeatable, regular patterns of behaviour and actions that influence performance. This paper conceptualises the intersection between antifragility, uncertainty management, and organisational routines literatures to identify four routine archetypes that can guide actions that contribute to organisational antifragility. Theoretically, this paper identifies how these archetypes arise from the interplay between temporal action (as tendencies towards proactive or reactive action) and risk mitigation strategies (as preference towards redundancies or flexibilities). Developed insights bring forth a foundation for predictive models of performance, and guidance for organisations aiming to thrive, rather than just survive, in uncertain environments. This paper concludes with the identification of further research avenues.
The Social Production of Financial Inclusion of Generation Z in Digital Banking Ecosystems
Authors: Kangwa Diana , Mwale Joseph Thokozani , Shaikh Junaid M.
Published: July 2021

Digital finance is an emerging frontier of financial sector development in the contemporary 21st century. In spite of the known benefits of digital finance, there is a widely held view that digital financial services have not adequately permeated vast segments of society given the disparities in the availability of finance, its accessibility, and use. Therefore, the evolution of financial technologies along with digital consumer behaviourism in the present age presents scope for re-modelling conventional financial business models to particularly enhance the financial inclusion of Generation Z. This generation presumably has a unique mental construct of digital financial inclusion on account of its financial needs and circumstances, and its intrinsic digital consumer behaviourism. Therefore, this article espouses the Lefebvrean Social Production of Space as a novel theoretical lens through which financial inclusion of Generation Z could be better conceptualised to provide predictive insight for the future development of inclusive digital banking ecosystems. To this end, the article demonstrates, under the Zambian context in sub-Saharan Africa, that Generation Z has the propensity and competence to use digital technologies, but its adoptive response to digital finance is shaped by the perception that conventional banking and finance is highly exclusive. This suggests that the conventional banking ecosystem operates along a continuum between social equity and financial sustainability, posing a conceptual challenge of designing financial business models that are equitable without undermining the sustainability of the ecosystem. It is hereby recommended that for a digital banking ecosystem to be authentically inclusive of Generation Z there must be participatory accountability that considers and embraces the generation’s bidding strategies for financial inclusion, and further facilitates empowerment of this clientele based on the co-evolutionary dynamics of financial technology and digital consumer behaviourism.
Convulsive Status Epilepticus in a Cohort of Patients from a Peruvian Academic Hospital
Authors: Bedoya-Sommerkamp Marcelo , Chau-Rodríguez Victor Hugo , Medina-Ranilla Jesús , Escalaya-Advíncula Alejandro , Ticse-Aguirre Ray , Cruz-Ramírez Walter De La , Burneo Jorge G
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose: Status epilepticus is a neurologic emergency whose epidemiology, etiology and management are scarcely known in developing countries. Our objective was to describe the demographic and clinical features as well as the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus (GCSE) in adult patients admitted to the emergency department of an academic hospital in Peru, between March 2019 and March 2020.Methods: Observational study of a prospective cohort in which patients were assessed by the emergency and neurology department on the first day of hospitalization, at discharge and at 30 days post-discharge in a follow-up visit. Relevant demographics and clinical data were collected. After being encoded and sorted, univariate statistical analysis was carried out.Results: Of the sample of 59 patients, 62.7% were males, 57.6% were unemployed, 89.8% did not finish high school, and 55.9% had intermittent GCSE with no seizure at arrival. The total calculated median times were: 60 minutes from GCSE onset to hospital arrival, 110 minutes from GCSE onset to 1st line therapy, and 7 minutes from hospital arrival to 1st line therapy. The most frequently used antiepileptic drugs were one dose of benzodiazepine (41.7%), phenytoin (76.9%), and additional doses of benzodiazepines (60%) for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd line therapies, respectively. The most frequent etiologies were antiepileptic drug suspension (27.1%), undetermined (25.4%) and acute stroke (11.8%). 62.71% had 0-2 modified Rankin score at discharge.Conclusions: In this cohort of patients, GCSE was mainly intermittent. Management times differed from the guidelines’ recommendations.
Resistance of Several Hibiscus cannabinus genotypes Against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Parnidi Parnidi , Soetopo Lita , Damanhuri Damanhuri , Marjani Marjani
Published: July 2021

Kenaf merupakan salah satu tanaman yang menghasilkan serat alam. Infeksi Meloidogyne incognita (nematoda puru akar) pada tanaman kenaf menyebabkan tanaman kerdil sehingga menurunkan produksi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan ketahanan tujuh genotipe kenaf terhadap M. incognita. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menginfestasi tanaman kenaf yang berumur 15 hari setelah tanam (HST) dengan M. incognita pada populasi 40 nematoda juvenil 2 per 100 g tanah. Medium tanam yang digunakan ialah tanah berpasir dengan komposisi pasir 55%, debu 36%, dan liat 17%. Variabel ketahanan terdiri atas indeks puru akar dan faktor reproduksi nematoda. Analisis asam salisilat, fenol, lignin serta beberapa variabel pertumbuhan tanaman dilakukan pada umur tanaman 75 HST. Diantara tujuh genotipe tanaman kenaf yang dievaluasi terdapat 3 genotipe yang toleran (KR4, KR15 dan KR5) dan 4 genotipe sangat rentan (KR1, KR6, Kin2, dan DS028). Genotipe yang memiliki respons toleran terhadap M. incognita menunjukkan peningkatan senyawa fenol, asam salisilat, dan lignin pada akar dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Penurunan tinggi tanaman, bobot segar tajuk, dan bobot segar akar bervariasi akibat infeksi M. incognita.
Resistance of Rice Varieties and Accessions to Dwarf Viruses
Authors: Roza Celvia , Suprihanto Suprihanto , Kusdiaman Dede , Widiarta I Nyoman , Nuryanto Bambang , Rumasa Oco
Published: July 2021

Identifikasi ketahanan plasma nutfah padi terhadap virus kerdil bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai varietas dan aksesi yang tahan terhadap virus kerdil padi, yaitu Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) dan Rice grassy stunt virus (RGSV).  Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada MT1/MT2 tahun 2018. Materi genetik yang diuji yaitu 19 varietas padi yang sudah dilepas dan 50 aksesi plasma nutfah padi koleksi Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi Badan Litbang Pertanian-Kementerian Pertanian. Pengamatan mengikuti metode skoring SES IRRI 2014. Respons tanaman uji terhadap RRSV dapat dikelompokkan menjadi rentan (1 varietas dan 22 aksesi), agak tahan (18 varietas dan 22 aksesi), dan tahan {2 aksesi, yaitu MDK Karawang (800 butir/Malai) (10597), dan Pulo Hitam (10615}.  Respons tanaman uji terhadap RGSV dapat dikelompokkan menjadi rentan (16 varietas dan 34 aksesi), agak tahan (3 varietas dan 11 aksesi), dan tahan (1 aksesi, yaitu Ketik 1-1062).  Lebih lanjut, aksesi padi yang tahan terhadap RRSV dan/atau RGSV dapat digunakan sebagai tetua dalam perakitan varietas yang tahan terhadap virus kerdil.
DESAIN SISTEM INFORMASI UNTUK TRACKING DAN TRACING PADA WAREHOUSE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI QR CODE
Authors: Adiwinoto Ivan Taufan
Published: July 2021

Industrial Revolution 4.0 menyebabkan pelaku supply chain untuk dapat terus beradaptasi dengan teknologi agar tetap kompetitif. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan bagi pelaku supply chain adalah dengan menerapkan teknologi IoT untuk membantu memudahkan pelaku supply chain dalam melakukan proses tracking dan tracing inventory. Dengan adanya IoT ini, seluruh pergerakan mulai dari proses penerimaan inventory sampai proses pengeluaran inventory dapat tercatat secara sistem online. Proses tracking dan tracing ini bertujuan untuk membantu mengetahui posisi dari inventory pada warehouse dan memastikan jika inventory dikeluarkan mengikuti aturan FIFO. Desain sistem berbasis IoT ini dibuat dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan System Development Live Cycle (SDLC) sampai pada tahapan desain sistem. Hasil akhir dari studi ini adalah desain sistem informasi yang menggunakan teknologi IoT dan QR code untuk proses tracking dan tracing inventory di dalam warehouse. Dengan adanya sistem informasi ini, jumlah inventory yang kadaluarsa dapat menurun. Abstract[Information System Design for Tracking and Tracing Using QR Code in Warehouse] Industrial Revolution 4.0 causes supply chain player to continue adapting technology to stay competitive. One way for supply chain player is by implementing Internet of Things (IoT) for tracking dan tracing inventory in supply chain process. With IoT, all inventory movement and activity from inbound area to outbound area can be recorded by system. This tracking and tracing process aim to help determine the position of the inventory in warehouse and ensure the issued inventory is following FIFO rules. This IoT-based system created using System Development Live Cycle (SDLC) approach up to system design step. The result of this study is an information system design that uses IoT and QR code technology for tracking and tracing inventory in warehouse. With this information system, the amount of expired inventory can decrease.Keyword: supply chain; tracing; tracking; QR code
PENILAIAN RISIKO TERHADAP POSTUR KERJA PADA PEKERJA PABRIK KARET INDONESIA
Authors: Ihsan Taufiq , Silvia Shinta , Derosya Vioni , Edwin Tivany , Dewi Mita Sari
Published: July 2021

Keluhan nyeri muskuloskeletal sering terjadi di tiga pabrik karet remah terbesar yang berlokasi di Padang, Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis postur kerja menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) untuk pekerja di area produksi. Pengambilan data postur karyawan menggunakan bantuan kamera video serta lembar observasi. Responden dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 135 pekerja area produksi basah dan 213 pekerja area produksi kering. Penilaian REBA menunjukkan bahwa 72,34% dari pekerjaan yang diperiksa termasuk dalam kategori risiko menengah. Skor REBA tertinggi di area produksi basah adalah dalam proses pengeringan alami. Sebaliknya, di area produksi kering, skor REBA tertinggi adalah dalam proses mengangkat kontainer dari truk. Berdasarkan Standar Indonesia No.7269 / 2009 tentang perhitungan beban kerja, ini menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan di pabrik-pabrik tersebut berada dalam kategori beban kerja sedang dengan pengeluaran energi 200-350 kkal/ jam (46,81%). Hasil uji statistik dari hubungan antara usia, masa kerja, beban kerja, dan area kerja pada pekerjaan postural menunjukkan bahwa beban kerja adalah yang paling terkait dengan postur pekerja. Tindakan untuk memperbaiki postur kerja berdasarkan analisis REBA adalah dengan menyesuaikan posisi alat atau mesin dengan ketinggian tubuh pekerja, memperhatikan waktu kerja, dan waktu istirahat. Yang paling mendesak adalah menggunakan alat saat mengangkat wadah.  Abstract[Risk Assessment of Work Posture In Indonesian Crumb Rubber Factories Workers] Musculoskeletal pain complaints often occur in the three largest crumb rubber factories located in Padang, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the work posture using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method for workers in the production area. Retrieval of employee posture data utilizing the help of video cameras and observation sheets. Respondents consisted of 135 wet area workers and 213 dry area workers. The REBA assessment showed that 72.34% of the work examined was included in the medium-risk category. The highest REBA score in the wet area was in the natural drying process. In dry areas, the highest REBA score is in the process of lifting containers from trucks. Based on Indonesian Standard No.7269 / 2009, this shows that work in these factories was in the category of moderate workloads with an energy expenditure of 200-350 kcal/hour (46.81%). Statistical test results from the relationship between age, work-period, workload, and work area on postural work indicated that workload was most related to worker posture. Action to improve postural work was to adjust the position of the tool or machine with the height of the worker's body, pay attention to work time, and rest periods.Keywords: Musculoskeletal, Exposure assessment, work posture, REBA, crumb rubber factories
O Polsce, „umiłowanej ojczyźnie wszystkich Polaków”, czyli o pojęciu ojczyzny w homiliach Jana Pawła II
Authors: Sławek Jolanta
Published: July 2021

Pojęcie ojczyzny w tekstach homilii wygłoszonych przez Ojca Świętego w czasie Jego pielgrzymek do Polski sytuuje się w czterech podstawowych wymiarach: przestrzennym, wspólnotowym, kulturowym oraz duchowym. W aspekcie pierwszym ojczyzna dla Jana Pawła II to kraj, państwo, w którym się urodził, którego jest częścią i który wywołuje pozytywne emocje. W wymiarze drugim ojczyzna to dobro wspólne: religia, historia, tradycja, kultura, język, szkolnictwo, nauka, jak również łączące rodaków świadomość doznawanych cierpień i niepokój o przyszłość. To także obowiązek, moralny imperatyw, by czynić jej dobro, być gotowym do ofiar. Ojczyzna jest dla Papieża również jak bliska osoba, matka, która wiele wycierpiała, którą pragnie chronić, wobec której odczuwa miłość, szacunek i wdzięczność. Przede wszystkim jednak ojczyzna w tekstach Jana Pawła II to ludzie, rodacy, którzy mimo dzielących ich różnic czują się solidarni pochodzeniem, ludzie stanowiący wspólnotę oraz żyjący według określonych zasad etycznych.
Simultaneous distribution of wired and two 2 × 2 MIMO wireless OFDM signals over an integrated RoF-PON system
Authors: Belkacem Anes , Borsali Ahmed Riad
Published: July 2021

In this paper, the integration of the radio over fiber technology into a passive optical network (RoF-PON) is proposed to simultaneously distribute wired and two wireless standards each one transports 2 × 2 multi-input multi-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) signals. This simultaneous transmission is operated based on a single centralized optical wavelength and enabled by a polarization division multiplexing technique. The proposed RoF-PON system offers high spectral efficiency and is designed for unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical bands at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz. The system performance is assessed by measuring the bit error rates (BERs) according to different access distances up to 30 km. After determining the optimum extinction ratio (ER) to modulate the baseband wired signal that allows jointly optical modulation of wireless signals using the same optical wavelength; all the 2 × 2 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) MIMO-OFDM wireless signals with a wired signal are successfully delivered without using forward error correction limit. Additionally, the system reliability has been confirmed by adopting other modulations schemes such as 8 and 16 phase-shift keying (PSK) that maintained good constellation diagrams performances. Whereas, the wired signal is analyzed according to its BER and quality Q-factor including high-quality eye diagram patterns. Also, the results revealed that the MIMO-OFDM signals mapped by 16 QAM scheme are given a better performance than PSK schemes when they are accompanied with high data rate baseband wired signal via a PON distance of 30 km.
Mechanical behavior of butt curved adhesive joints subjected to bending
Authors: Ayaz Yaşar , Şerif Çitil
Published: July 2021

Factors such as the surface geometry of a joint, the direction of the applied load, and the type of adhesive used have a great influence on the strength of a joint in adhesive bonding. In adhesively bonded joints (ABJ), it is possible to improve surface geometry by forming various geometric surfaces. ABJs are not very resistant to peeling stress, thus requiring that a bonding model be analyzed according to the direction of the applied load to prevent peeling stress. In this study, a butt curved joint was prepared from aluminum plates (A2024-T3) to improve the surface geometry of the joint. The mechanical behavior of the joints in three-dimensions and subjected to bending were investigated depending on an increase in the curvature radius. The adhesive DP810 was used for bonding. The finite element analysis was performed in ANSYS and cohesive zone modeling was used for a simulation of the damage growth in the adhesive layer. The results of bilinear and exponential models were found to be more appropriate to the experimental results. When the radius of curvature increases, the damage load carried decreases in the butt curved lap joints. It was seen that decreases in the curvature radius significantly decrease normal stress.
Effect of Y addition on the structural transformation and thermal stability of Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy produced by mechanical alloying
Authors: Çetin Mehmet Emin , Polat Gökhan , Tekin Mustafa , Batibay Ahmet Burçin , Kotan Hasan
Published: July 2021

In this study, a Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy with nanocrystalline structure was produced by high energy mechanical alloying (HEMA) and 1 at.-% yttrium was added as a thermal stabilizer. The as-milled samples were annealed at various temperatures up to 900 °C in a protective gas atmosphere, and the samples were allowed to cool to room temperature in the furnace. The phase transformations and microstructural changes as a function of the annealing temperatures and alloy compositions were studied using room- and high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD), focused ion beam microscopy (FIB), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of the samples were interpreted based on the hardness results and their correlation with the microstructures. The results showed that the as-milled nanocrystalline structure of Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy increased from 3.4 nm to 350 nm after annealing at 800 °C due to the high driving force induced by the large grain boundary area. Consequently, the as-milled hardness of the Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy dropped from 7.63 ± 0.18 GPa to 5.37 ± 0.28 GPa. The grain size stability of the Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy after annealing at elevated temperature was ensured through the addition of yttrium. Thus, the grain size remained at the level of 125 nm, and the hardness value was maintained at around 6.98 ± 0.43 GPa after annealing at 800 °C.
Investigation of in situ synthesized TiB2 particles in iron-based composite coatings processed by hybrid submerged arc welding
Authors: Kaptanoglu Mustafa , Eroglu Mehmet
Published: July 2021

In the study for this contribution, production of in situ synthesized TiB2 particles in iron-based composite coatings using four different submerged arc welding powders (fluxes) containing increasing amounts of ferrotitanium and ferroboron with S1 welding wire, were targeted. For this purpose, coating deposition was carried out to improve the hardness and wear properties of the AISI 1020 steel surfaces using hybrid submerged arc welding. In hybrid submerged arc welding, the welding pool is protected by both welding powders and an argon gas atmosphere. To examine the composite coatings, visual, chemical, microstructural analyses and hardness and wear tests were carried out. With the use of increasing amounts of ferrotitanium and ferroboron in the welding powders, it was observed that the microstructure of the coatings changed in terms of TiB2 particle geometries such as rectangular and hexagonal; volume fractions of TiB2 particles in the coating microstructures increased; hardness values of coatings were enhanced from 34 HRC to 41 HRC; the wear resistance of the coatings improved, and worn surface images of the coatings caused by the counter body changed from continuous with deep scratches to discontinuous with fine scratches and crater cavities.
Efficient generation of optical bottle beams
Authors: Xiao Yuzhe , Yu Zhaoning , Wambold Raymond A. , Mei Hongyan , Hickman Garrett , Goldsmith Randall H. , Saffman Mark , Kats Mikhail A.
Published: July 2021

Optical bottle beams can be used to trap atoms and small low-index particles. We introduce a figure of merit (FoM) for optical bottle beams, specifically in the context of optical traps, and use it to compare optical bottle-beam traps obtained by three different methods. Using this FoM and an optimization algorithm, we identified the optical bottle-beam traps based on a Gaussian beam illuminating a metasurface that are superior in terms of power efficiency than existing approaches. We numerically demonstrate a silicon metasurface for creating an optical bottle-beam trap.
Crystal structure and anti-inflammatory activity of (E)-7-fluoro-2-((5-methoxypyridin-3-yl)methylene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C17H14FNO2
Authors: Sun Jia-Jia , Zhang Xiao-Fan , Meng Qing-Guo , Li Hong-Juan , Wang Chun-Hua
Published: July 2021

C17H14FNO2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 15.5754(12) Å, b = 7.4828(6) Å, c = 23.0981(18) Å, β = 90.797(7)°, V = 2691.8(4) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0442, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1096, T = 100(1)° K.
Excitation functions of some deuteron-induced nuclear reactions on Al
Authors: Uddin M. Shuza , Basunia M. Shamsuzzoha , Qaim Syed M.
Published: July 2021

Excitation functions of the reactions 27Al(d,αp)24Na, 27Al(d,2p)27Mg and 27Al(d,p)28Al were measured by the activation technique up to deuteron energies of 37 MeV. The available experimental databases of the reaction products 27Mg and 28Al were extended and compared with the nuclear model calculations based on the code TALYS-1.8. Our measured data are reproduced well by the model calculations after adjustment of a few free input parameters. The cross-section ratio of the (d,αp) to (d,2p) process as a function of projectile energy was deduced from the measured data, and the result is interpreted in terms of competition between a proton and an α-particle emission.
Psychometric assessment of the Swedish version of the injustice experience questionnaire among patients with chronic pain
Authors: Ahlqvist Lindqvist Emma , Ljungvall Hanna , Zetterberg Lena , Zetterberg Hedvig , Bring Annika , de Belder Tesséus Charlotte , Åsenlöf Pernilla
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The use of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) in psychological assessment of individuals with chronic pain is supported by research. The psychometric properties of the Swedish version, the IEQ-S, has not yet been evaluated. Hence, the aim was to investigate structural validity, and concurrent criterion validity of the IEQ-S against the Work Ability Index (WAI), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-SW), the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item depression module (PHQ-9), and the Generalized anxiety disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7). Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were also studied.

Methods

Sixty-five participants, referred to a University hospital, with a pain duration over three months were consecutively sampled. They completed the IEQ-S at admission and again within six weeks. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the study of structural validity. Concurrent criterion validity was evaluated using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Internal consistency reliability for the full IEQ-S was calculated using the Cronbach’s alpha. Test-retest reliability was calculated using an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).

Results

The median total score (0–48, where high scores indicate high levels of injustice) at admission (test 1) was 27.0 (n=64), 25th percentile=15.3, 75th percentile=37.8, range=3–48 points. A one-factor model was supported with item-loadings between 0.67–0.92. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the IEQ-S and the WAI (n=56) was r

S
=−0.46; the PCS-SW (n=63) was r

S
=0.68, the PHQ-9 (n=64) was r

S
=0.50 and the GAD-7 (n=64) was r

S
=0.57, p<0.01. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.94 (n=64). The ICC was 0.80 (n=55), with a 95% confidence interval, ranging between 0.69–0.88.

Conclusions

Our study supported structural validity and concurrent criterion validity of the IEQ-S against other measures of psychological constructs and work ability. It also supported the internal consistency reliability of the IEQ-S and the test-retest reliability with a retest interval up to six weeks, was good. These findings support the use of the IEQ-S as an adjunct tool to assess appraisals of injustice in patients with chronic pain who are referred to tertiary care in Sweden. The added value might be identification of those who are at risk for slow or no improvement in their pain condition over time, and sick-leave, but this has to be confirmed in future studies.

Ethical committee number

EPN Uppsala D-No 2016-376.
Circulating long non-coding RNA signature in knee osteoarthritis patients with postoperative pain one-year after total knee replacement
Authors: Giordano Rocco , Petersen Kristian Kjær , Santoro Massimo , Pazzaglia Costanza , Simonsen Ole , Valeriani Massimiliano , Arendt-Nielsen Lars
Published: July 2021

Objectives

The incidence of chronic postoperative pain after total knee replacement (TKR) is approx. 20%, and hence preoperative risk factors are important to identify. Recent studies have indicated that preoperative inflammatory markers might hold prognostic information for the development of chronic postoperative pain. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) regulates the expression of genes related to e.g. inflammatory processes. The current study aimed to investigate the preoperative lncRNA signature as possible preoperative predictive markers for chronic postoperative pain following TKR.

Methods

Serum samples, collected preoperatively from 20 knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients, were analyzed for 84 validated circulatory lncRNA. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) before and one-year after TKR. Differences for the lncRNA expression were analyzed between patients with chronic postoperative pain (VAS≥3) and those with a normal postoperative recovery (VAS<3).

Results

LncRNA Myeloid Zinc Finger 1 Antisense RNA 1 (MZF1-AS1) (fold change −3.99; p-value: 0.038) (shown to be involved neuropathic pain) Metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) (fold change −3.39; p-value: 0.044) (shown to be involved neuropathic pain); Patched 1 pseudogene (LOC100287846) (fold change −6.99; p-value: 0.029) (unknown in pain) were down-regulated preoperatively in the group with chronic postoperative pain compared to the group normal postoperative pain recovery.

Conclusions

These findings suggest, that TKR patients with chronic postoperative pain present preoperative downregulations of three specific lncRNA detectable at the systemic level. The presented study might give new insights into the complexity of chronic postoperative pain development and show how non-coding RNA plays a role in the underlying molecular mechanisms of pain.
The Effect of a Chemical Warm Mix Additive on the Self-Healing Capability of Bitumen
Authors: Aurilio Roberto M. , Aurilio Mike , Baaj Hassan
Published: July 2021

Warm mix asphalt (WMA) technologies reduce the production temperature of hot mix asphalt allowing for mixing and paving at lower temperatures. As a result, the use of WMAs reduces emissions and allows for longer transport times. Because of the recent increase of chemical warm mix additives in industry, the effect of a chemical warm mix additive (cWMA) on the intrinsic self-healing ability of the bitumen was investigated. Bitumen specimens containing three concentrations of cWMA were evaluated at four aging levels (unaged, rolling thin film oven [RTFO]-163°C, RTFO-130°C, and RTFO+ pressure aging vessel [PAV] aged) using the simplified–linear amplitude sweep healing (SLASH) (linear amplitude sweep with a single rest period fatigue-healing) test. Results indicate that oxidative aging of bitumen is reduced with increasing cWMA concentration but may be more heavily influenced by the aging temperature. It was also observed that RTFO+PAV-aged bitumen samples demonstrate greater fatigue restoration ability compared to RTFO and unaged binders. Supplementary work using video-based analysis of dynamic shear rheometer samples revealed that issues may arise from the calibration of the cohesive failure damage level as described in the original LASH procedure because of significant changes in sample geometry observed during the amplitude sweeps for unaged and RTFO-aged material. These results demonstrate that LAS-based healing tests warrant further research to optimize loading and rest period parameters for a wider range of bituminous materials.
Glucocorticoid maturation of mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle before birth
Authors: Davies K L , Camm E J , Smith D J , Vaughan O R , Forhead A J , Murray A J , Fowden A L
Published: July 2021

In adults, glucocorticoids act to match the supply and demand for energy during physiological challenges, partly through actions on tissue mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity. However, little is known about the role of the natural prepartum rise in fetal glucocorticoid concentrations in preparing tissues for the increased postnatal energy demands. This study examined the effect of manipulating cortisol concentrations in fetal sheep during late gestation on mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity of two skeletal muscles with different postnatal locomotive functions. Mitochondrial content, biogenesis markers, respiratory rates and expression of proteins and genes involved in the electron transfer system (ETS) and OXPHOS efficiency were measured in the biceps femoris (BF) and superficial digital flexor (SDF) of fetuses either infused with cortisol before the prepartum rise or adrenalectomised to prevent this increment. Cortisol infusion increased mitochondrial content, biogenesis markers, substrate-specific respiration rates and abundance of ETS complex I and adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT1) in a muscle-specific manner that was more pronounced in the SDF than BF. Adrenalectomy reduced mitochondrial content and expression of PGC1α and ANT1 in both muscles, and ETS complex IV abundance in the SDF near term. Uncoupling protein gene expression was unaffected by cortisol manipulations in both muscles. Gene expression of the myosin heavy chain isoform, MHCIIx, was increased by cortisol infusion and reduced by adrenalectomy in the BF alone. These findings show that cortisol has a muscle-specific role in prepartum maturation of mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity with important implications for the health of neonates born pre-term or after intrauterine glucocorticoid overexposure.
Rapid detection and identification of dioscorine compounds in Dioscorea hispida tuber plants by LC-ESI-MS
Authors: Kamaruddin Zatil Hazrati , Sapuan S. M. , Mohamed Yusoff Mohd Zuhri , Jumaidin Ridhwan
Published: July 2021

Studies have revealed that Dioscorea hispida tubers contain a poisonous substance called alkaloid dioscorine. The method for removing alkaloid dioscorine in Dioscorea hispida is explored in this research through a soaking process. The tubers were peeled, washed, sliced, and soaked for 5 days in either 1.0 M sodium chloride (NaCl) or distilled water. The aim of this study was to firstly identify the amount of toxic dioscorine remaining after soaking for 5 days, and then determine the best solution for removing dioscorine compounds in the tubers that were obtained from a tropical area in Peninsular Malaysia. The liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (LC-ESI-MS) systems were used to identify the presence of alkaloid dioscorine compounds within Dioscorea hispida tubers. The analysis showed that no dioscorine compounds were present in day 5 for samples soaked in the NaCl solution. However, the relative abundance in the distilled water solution at day 5 was 281000, indicating a 95% decrease of the relative abundance value of the dioscorine compounds. This work aimed to determine the minimum days needed to remove the poisonous element before Dioscorea hispida tubers could be used for food consumption or for any other applications.
ESTUDIOS ARQUEOLÓGICOS EN LOS VALLES DE ICA, PISCO, CHINCHA Y CAÑETE
Authors: Menzel Dorothy
Published: July 2021

El énfasis principal del Informe que se presenta a continuación, está en la identificación de los estilos de cerámica y de sus relaciones cronológicas de los patrones culturales que a su vez integran el estudio de la arqueología. Por eso, el problema no solo consiste en la observación y documentación de las relaciones estilísticas sino también en determinar con la mayor exactitud posible la secuencia cronológica de los estilos de una zona y la correlación cronológica, que existe entre la sucesión de estilos en diferentes áreas. Puesto que la semejanza estilística no significa siempre contemporaneidad y desde que, por otro lado, existen a un mismo tiempo tradiciones de estilo completamente distintas, es necesario tratar las relaciones de tiempo que hay entre los estilos, conforme a unidades fijas de tiempo, que no contienen, referencias de carácter estilístico. Como no existe tampoco, ninguna técnica que permita fijar el año exacto la fecha correspondiente a la mayor parte de los restos materiales, es preciso emplear una escala relativa de tiempo adjudicada a una región para que sirva como punto fundamental de referencia al tratar sobre la contemporaneidad o diferencias de tiempo entre los diversos estilos. NOTA:El trabajo que se publica a continuación es uno de los informes del Programa que preparó la Comisión Fulbright de Intercambio Educativo en coordinación con el Instituto de Etnología y Arqueología de la Universidad de San Marcos, entre 1957 y 1960. En números anteriores de este Boletín, publicamos algunos de los informes preliminares presentados por otros arqueólogos; este es el primer informe de conjunto que se publica y aún cuando fue escrito hace ya varios años y muchos de los puntos que toca han sido superados por investigaciones posteriores, aún de la propia autora, sin embargo, hay mucho material inédito sobre la Costa Sur, que será de gran utilidad para los investigadores.La sección correspondiente la seriación de la cerámica Paracas ha sido revisada íntegramente en un libro escrito por Dorothy Menzel, John Rowe y Lawrence Dawson, publicado en 1964 por la Universidad de California (Berkeley) en su serie: University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology (vol. 50). El libro se intitula The Paracas Pottery of Ica A Study in Style and Time. Algunos trabajos adicionales de los arqueólogos de Berkeley, han refinado las series de Nasca y de Ica, pero en todos los casos, los cambios no son muy grandes y en ningún caso se ha publicado una visión de conjunto como la que recién hoy podemos presentar.
JULIO C. TELLO, SÍMBOLO DE PERUANIDAD
Authors: Mejía Xesspe Toribio
Published: July 2021

Si la voz “peruanidad” significa la esencia material y espiritual de nuestra nacionalidad, hay que convenir que ella tiene raíces profundas en nuestra Patria desde tiempos remotos, porque no otra cosa revela el origen y proeza de Ayar Manko, uno de los cuatro hermanos legendarios, que salió de la Cueva de Tampu-toqo, con la misión de ser, primero, cazador y recolector de los Andes peruanos; después, ser el gran domesticador de las plantas y animales silvestres; luego, convertirse en el hombre inteligente y organizador del ayllus y llactas, es decir aldeas y pueblos, para culminar, finamente, en el Héroe civilizador y creador del Imperio de los Inkas.
OBSERVATORIOS Y ALINEAMIENTOS ASTRONÓMICOS EN EL TAMPU INKA DE HUÁNUCO PAMPA
Authors: Pino Matos José Luis
Published: July 2021

El sitio arqueológico de “Huánuco Pampa”, uno de los tampus Inka mejor diseñados en los Andes Centrales durante la expansión del Tawantinsuyu, presenta evidencias de importantes alineamientos astronómicos asociados a los principales espacios y estructuras. Estos se pueden observar especialmente en la plataforma “Ushnu” y el “Inkawasi”; entre las “tianas” (asientos de piedra), nichos y accesos principales de ambas estructuras con fina albañilería Inka. Estos alineamientos están asociados a los “pasos solares” a través del zenit, anti-zenit, equinoccio y solsticios; salida y puesta de la Luna en sus posiciones extremas y; la salida y puesta de la Cruz del Sur, Alfa y Beta Centaurus. Con estas evidencias argumentamos la importancia del uso de la astronomía Inka en los grandes centros de control provincial.
SHULLUPACANGA: EL REGISTRO ARQUEOLÓGICO DE UN CEMENTERIO CON PICTOGRAFÍAS EN EL CERRO SAN CRISTÓBAL DE CHIQUIÁN
Authors: Alcalde Gonzales Javier l.
Published: July 2021

Conformando un entorno paisajistico singular el cerro San Cristóbal de Shullupacanga, ubicado en las cercanías de Chiquián, en la banda frente a Aija, se presenta como referente de ocupación prehispánica de características relevantes para estudios poblacionales, funerarios y simbólicos. Enclavado en la ladera media y alta del cerro se recuperado información sobre un cementerio asociado a pictogra­fías, sin embargo no existen estudios de vinculados en la región por lo que los datos no son generalizables. El articulo presenta extensamente los datos recuperados, y propone una discusión sobre los alcances que este tipo de datos pueden tener para entender las relaciones sociales que los formalizan en el paisaje.
EL FORMATIVO DE PACOPAMPA. UN ENSAYO DE INTERPRETACIÓN
Authors: Kaulicke Peter
Published: July 2021

Aunque últimamente aparecieron varios trabajos sobre el Formativo norandino y la zona de Pacopamapa (Rosas y Shady 1970 a,b, 1974; Fung 1975, Kaulicke 1975), se agregan estas notas como un ensayo interpretativo. Se trata de verificar algunas sugerencias acerca del funcionamiento y la organización social en el Formativo ejemplificándolo en el caso de Pacopampa, que representa algunas características que podrían tener mayor implicancia.
Arqueología y sociedad. Una percepción acerca de los discursos sobre el pasado prehispánico y su divulgación pública
Authors: Segura Llanos Rafael
Published: July 2021

Además de proteger el patrimonio arqueológico, los arqueólogos peruanos también han enfatizado un dis­curso con un fuerte valor positivo de la historia andina. Mediante diversos canales sociales como los medios de comunicación, museos y escuelas, dicho discurso parece haberse fortalecido formalmente gra­cias a una serie de recientes hallazgos arqueológicos, a veces caracterizados por su riqueza material o singu­laridad. Si bien el interés general en un pasado esplendoroso y exótico ha traído nuevas formas de desarro­llo profesional y un fortalecimiento de la autoestima nacional, deberíamos cuestionarnos hasta qué punto estas prácticas mediáticass descansan sobre una verdadero ejercicio científico y desfiguran la real variedad del legado histórico del Perú.
Mi casa es tu templo: Una visión alternativa de la arquitectura de la Tradición Kotosh
Authors: Siveroni Viviana
Published: July 2021

Richard Burger definió la "Tradición Religiosa Kotosh" (TRK) como una tradición arquitectónica que reúne una serie de estructuras de supuesta función religiosa de los periodos Precerámico y Formativo de la sierra central y norte del Perú. El rasgo arquitectónico esencial de estos "templos" de la TRK es un recinto con fogón central. Burger sugiere que los rituales llevados a cabo en estas estructuras ofrecieron un espacio de integración y expresión de la experiencia espiritual antes que un espacio para la confrontación, manipu­lación y dominación. Basado en un análisis comparativo de la arquitectura doméstica del sitio Formativo Temprano de Monte Grande, propongo que muchas de estas supuestas estructuras rituales podrían haber sido originalmente residencias de miembros influyentes dentro de estas comunidades tempranas antes que templos. Algunas, particularmente las más grandes, podrían haber sido transformadas posteriormente en templos. Esta interpretación alternativa de la arquitectura de la TRK tiene consecuencias fundamentales para el entendimiento de los procesos hacia la complejidad pertinentes a la sociedad formativa en la sierra central del Perú.
La ocupación Wari de Ñawinpukyo: trazado espacial, arquitectura y organización social en una comunidad ayacuchana del Horizonte Medio
Authors: Leoni Juan B.
Published: July 2021

Ñawinpukyo es generalmente conocido como uno de los principales sitios de la cultura Huarpa del Período Intermedio Temprano (ca. 200 a.C. 600 d.C.) en Ayacucho. Sin embargo, recientes investigaciones han demostrado que la ocupación Wari del mismo durante el Horizonte Medio (ca. 600 1000 d.C.) fue también importante, perdurando durante varios siglos. En este trabajo se presenta una caracterización de la ocupación Wari, destacando sus aspectos específicos y situándola en relación al contexto regional durante el Horizonte Medio al compararla con otros sitios contemporáneos del valle de Ayacucho. Si bien se encuentran evidencias de una continuidad cultural entre la ocupación Huarpa y la posterior ocupación Wari, se argumenta que el sitio parece haber perdido prestigio y autonomía durante el Horizonte Medio al formar parte de la estructura político-administrativa del estado Wari en una posición subordinada. Los cambios en el trazado espacial del sitio y su arquitectura en estos tiempos, que podrían reflejar cambios en la organización social de la comunidad, parecen relacionarse con este proceso más general y se manifiestan en particular en la aparente ausencia de la típica arquitectura ortogonal planificada Wari y de edificios ceremoniales de carácter comunal.
HUACA NARANJAL: UN CENTRO DE PRODUCCIÓN DE CERÁMICA ESTILO YCHSMA EN EL VALLE DE CHILLÓN
Authors: Maquera Sánchez Erik E.
Published: July 2021

Recientes excavaciones en Huaca Naranjal han permitido registrar la recurrencia de grandes contextos de fragmentería cerámica los cuales han sido reconocidos como desechos de producción alfarera. El análisis de los contextos indica que la cerámica producida corresponde a tipos restringidos del estilo Ychsma resultado de un patrón de producción especializado que nos permite discutir la organización socioeconómica de la población. La identificación de un centro de producción de cerámica estilo Ychsma en el valle bajo del Chillón nos plantea el problema sobre su identificación política, considerando su proximidad a los etnohistóricamente definidos Colli.
PODER Y JERARQUÍAS YCHSMAS EN EL VALLE DE LURÍN
Authors: Eeckhout Peter
Published: July 2021

La definición de la forma de autoridad que dominaba el valle de Lurín y los valles vecinos durante los periodos tardios sigue siendo un objeto de debate. Las fuentes etnohistóricas han sido masivamente usadas para reconstruir el paisaje socio-político regional antes de los Incas. Aunque ciertos autores defienden un modelo de poder teocrático dominado por los sacerdotes del culto de Ychsma-Pachacamac. Otros proponen una división de la autoridad entre sacerdotes y curacas, sea entre religioso y secular. La arquitectura monumental y los modelos de asentamientos proporcionan datos interesantes para nutrir este debate. Concretamente, comparamos los dichos datos arqueológicos con las informaciones recogidas en el valle de Lurín antes de las reformas de Toledo. Confirma que lo que importaba fueron los curacas, sus subdivisiones y jerarquías, donde no hay relación con lo religioso, sino más bien con los aspectos más seculares del poder (territorio y tributo). La comparación permite reconstruir el organigrama del poder en la zona y ver como esto se concretiza en el campo, tanto por el diseño de las estructuras arquitectonicas como del tamaño relativo de los grupos sociales involucrados en los varios niveles de poder, asi como la evolución probable destos a lo largo del tiempo.
SOBRE LAS FORMAS DE SEPULTAMIENTO PREHISPÁNICO EN KUELAP, AMAZONAS
Authors: Ruiz Estrada Arturo
Published: July 2021

Se presenta las formas de sepultamiento identificadas en el complejo arqueológico de Kuelap, provincia de Luya, región de Amazonas, Perú. Dichas tumbas comprenden seis categorías de repositorios funerarios entre las cuales se mencionan sepulcros en nichos, chullpas, fosas, sarcófagos, mausoleos y grutas. El hecho de existir formas mortuorias diferentes debe estar ligado a la posición social de los difuntos y a diferentes momentos en la historia del sitio. La forma de las sepulturas y sus asociaciones indican que ellas fueron construidas entre los siglos X al XV después de Cristo. Durante este tiempo, según los datos históricos, Kuelap fue habitado por un grupo humano integrado a otros de la antigua provincia de Luyaychillao, contemporánea de los Chachapoya, Chilcho y otros todavía no bien identificados.
CUNINICO Y MAIPUCO, DOS SITIOS ARQUEOLÓGICOS EN EL RÍO MARAÑÓN
Authors: Mac Kay Fulle Martín , Santa Cruz Gamarra Raphael
Published: July 2021

En el río Marañón, región Loreto, se encuentran los sitios arqueologicos de Cuninico y Maipuco. Ambos sitios, dado su contexto pueden darnos una nueva idea de la importancia y complejidad de las sociedades precolombinas existentes en las riberas del Marañón y las quebradas adyacentes hasta ya muy entrado el siglo XVI. Mientras los materiales registrados nos dan informacion de la continuidad en algunas manifestaciones culturales aun existentes en el area de las comunidades de la etnia urarina.