bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UMA HISTÓRIA, DUAS OBRAS E DIFERENTES REPRESENTAÇÕES
Authors: Cabrita Débora Alves Pereira
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho propõe analisar o primeiro capítulo do romance Corações Sujos (2000) de Fernando Morais e os primeiros trinta minutos da obra fílmica homônima Corações Sujos (2011, 108 min) do diretor Vicente Amorim. A proposta é comparar os pontos de convergência, divergência e identificar como o diretor Vicente Amorim realiza a transposição/adaptação da linguagem verbal para a linguagem audiovisual. Verificar se a representação dos personagens e a ambientação espaço/tempo na obra audiovisual apresentam verossimilhanças com os personagens e a ambientação do romance no trecho pré-estabelecido para esta análise. No primeiro momento identificar os personagens presentes nas duas obras, como e onde são apresentados e, o foco narrativo presente em cada uma delas. Além descrever as opções de linguagem audiovisual utilizadas para transpor a obra literária.  Como a subjetividade artística do diretor resume a obra literária ao ponto de se transformar numa obra independente? Análise comparativa, principalmente com o olhar na representação.
“Nos mostramos duras, pero por dentro nos estamos muriendo”: maternidades de infancias trans Autores/as
Authors: Díaz Lía Camila
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo surge de mi investigación doctoral sobre lo que denomino “experiencias de infancias y adolescencias trans” desde una perspectiva etnográfica. En el marco de la misma me intereso tanto por cómo esas experiencias son reelaboradas y relatadas por personas trans adultas que lo vivieron “en carne propia” así como también por las vivencias de familias de infancias trans en la actualidad. Particularmente, este trabajo analiza las experiencias de madres de infancias trans en el proceso de acompañar a sus hijes en la ciudad de Bariloche. El objetivo es abordar sus vivencias y relatos desde una perspectiva de género, problematizando y poniendo en discusión los roles de las mujeres en relación a la maternidad, el cuidado de les hijes y la familia. También se propone indagar críticamente en los afectos que atraviesan estas mujeres, entre ellos la duda, la culpa y el temor a ser “malas madres”.
Romper binarismos: experiencias de jugadoras trans en una liga de fútbol del norte de Argentina
Authors: Ibarra Mariana Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

A una década de la promulgación de la Ley de Identidad de Género en Argentina, nos interesa focalizar en una problemática poco explorada: la inclusión de mujeres trans en el deporte. Particularmente, en este artículo buscamos comprender los sentidos que adquiere una práctica generizada y generizante como el fútbol, para las jugadoras trans. Desde un enfoque cualitativo y valiéndonos de la observación participante y entrevistas en profundidad con las futbolistas de una liga femenina del norte de Argentina, pudimos arribar a que el fútbol en particular y los deportes en general constituyen un espacio de ejercicio de ciudadanía y de reafirmación de la identidad pocas veces experimentado para este sector social. Esto implica una interpelación a las instituciones deportivas para desbinarizar y desjudicializar la mirada en torno a las reglamentaciones históricas en dicho ámbito.
Estado de la cuestión sobre la discriminación laboral hacia la diversidad sexual y de género
Authors: Valencia Arcos Grecia Lorena
Published: June 2023

A partir de la necesidad de conocer y contextualizar las investigaciones y acciones que se han generado en México respecto de la discriminación laboral de la diversidad sexual y de género, se llevó a cabo una revisión literaria para construir un estado de la cuestión que permitiera comprender el problema al que se enfrenta cotidianamente la comunidad LGBTIQ+. El texto comienza contextualizando el panorama internacional sobre los derechos humanos y laborales de la diversidad sexual y de género, en segundo lugar, se describen los principales hallazgos a nivel internacional y nacional y se concluye con una discusión de los resultados.
Identifikasi Drug Related Problems (DRPs) Pada Pasien Demam Tifoid Di RSUD Kota Kendari Periode Januari-Desember 2020
Authors: Salam Nurdian , Said Asbath , Ridwan Bai Athur
Published: June 2023

Drug Related Problems (DRPs) merupakan suatu masalah yang akan terjadi berkaitan dengan terapi obat yang sedang digunakan oleh penderita. Demam Tifoid merupakan infeksi akut yang terjadi pada saluran pencernaan yang disebabkan bakteri oleh Salmonella thypi. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan di RSUD kota kendari demam tifoid merupakan penyakit dengan tingkat kejadian terbanyak dari 10 penyakit infeksi utama yang setiap tahunnya meningkat prevalensinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kejadian Drug Related Problems (DRPs) berdasarkan kategori overdose, underdose, interaksi obat pada pasien, ada indikasi tidak ada obat, ada obat tidak ada indikasi, ketidakpatuhan pasien, reaksi obat yang tidak diharapkan,  pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat pada pasien demam tifoid di RSUD  kota kendari periode Januari – Desember 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif non eksperimental obervasi dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif pada rekam medik penderita demam tifoid yang menjalani pengobatan di RSUD Kota Kendari dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20. Dari jumlah keseluruhan sampel yang melakukan pengobatan di RSUD kota kendari pada periode januari-desember 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat DRPs yang terjadi berdasarkan kategori interaksi obat sebanyak (33,33%), DRPs ada obat tidak ada indikasi sebanyak (33,33%), DRPs reaksi obat yang tidak diharapkan sebanyak (33,33%), Sedangkan pada kategori overdose, underdose, ada indikasi tidak ada obat, ketidakpatuhan pasien, pemilihan obat yang tidak tepat tidak ditemukan adanya kasus DRPs. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya peran yang maksimal dari farmasi klinik untuk monitoring dan mengevaluasi penggunaan obat pasien agar tidak terjadinya DRPs.
Uji Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica) Pada Mencit (Mus musculus)
Authors: Tuti Febias , Yuliastri Wa Ode , Dewi Citra , Baco Juliana
Published: June 2023

Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelica) adalah tumbuhan dari keluarga Anacardiaceae, merupakan pohon tropis dan tumbuh secara liar sehingga mudah didapatkan diberbagai tempat seperti halaman rumah, tepi jalan dan kebun milik penduduk. Kayu jawa digunakan sebagai analgesik, anti ulkus dan aphrodisiac, getahnya sebagai penyembuhan luka, daunnya mengobati pembengkakan akibat keseleo serta memiliki potensi dijadikan antioksidan, antimikroba dan antiinflamasi. Dilakukan pengujian toksisitas bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai LD50 pada pemberian 70% ekstrak etanol kulit batang kayu jawa menggunakan metode Thompson-Weil serta pengaruhnya terhadap tingkah laku hewan. Hewan uji yang digunakan yaitu mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus) sebanyak 30 ekor dan terbagi menjadi 6 kelompok. Pemberian kulit batang kayu jawa yaitu secara oral dengan dosis awal 250 mg/gr BB, 500 mg/gr BB, 750 mg/gr BB dan 1000 mg/gr BB mencit. Pemberian Na-CmC 0,5 %  sebagai kontrol negative dan paracetamol 520 mg sebagai kontrol positif. Mencit diamati secara individu selama 24 jam setelah pemberian ekstrak dengan melihat jumlah hewan yang mati dan gejala toksik yang tampak. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan mencit mati pada dosis 250 mg/gr BB sebanyak 1 ekor dan pada 750 mg/gr BB dan 1000 mg/gr BB sebanyak 5 mencit, sehingga nilai LD50 sebesar 5,497 mg/Kg. Pemberian bahan uji ektrak menimbulkan gejala toksik berupa gelisah jantung berdebar kencang, tremor, Salviasi, aktifitas nafas melambat, keluarnya air mata, terjadi kelumpuhan pada kaki belakang dan meningkatnya aktivitas motorik.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Cincau Hijau Perdu (Premna oblingofolia) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeroginosa
Authors: Yanuarty Rezky
Published: June 2023

Tanaman yakni salah satu sumber daya yang sangat penting dalam upaya pengobatan serta upaya mempertahankan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bakteri Staphylococcus aureus serta Pseudomonas aeroginosa memiliki aktivitas yang bisa mengurangi radang di lambung dan konsentrasi daya hambat minimum dari bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Penelitian ini memakai penelitian eksperimental yang dilaksanakan uji daya hambat dengan memakai metode difusi agar cara Kirby Bauer. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilaksanakan di bakteri staphylococcus aureus bisa diamati bahwa konsentrasi 5 % serta 10 % berdaya hambat terbesar karena tidak terdapat pertumbuhan bakteri di medium. Sedangkan di bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dapat dilihat di konsentrasi 5 % juga memiliki daya hambat terbesar karena tidak terdapat pertumbuhan bakteri di medium. Hal ini dikarenakan senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat dalam cincau hijau yakni klorofil, beta-karoten, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, stroid dan glikosida. Senyawa fitokimia tersebut berpotensi sebagai antibakteri alami di bakteri patogen
Предмет протиправного впливу на результати офіційних спортивних змагань
Authors: Анісімов Д. О.
Published: June 2023

У даній науковій статті автором розглянуто питання предмету протиправного впливу на результати офіційних спортивних змагань. Автор переконаний, що питання дослідження предмету кримінального правопорушення, на сьогоднішній день, як і раніше знаходиться на першому плані, як у теорії дослідження, так і у практиці застосування норм кримінального законодавства. Виходячи із аналізу чинного вітчизняного законодавства автором було зроблено висновок, що ст. 369-3 КК України можна віднести, як до корупційних так і правопорушень пов’язаних з корупцією. Під предметом протиправного впливу на результати офіційних спортивних змагання автором пропонується розуміти грошові кошти або інше майно, переваги, пільги, послуги, нематеріальні активи, будь-які інші вигоди нематеріального чи негрошового характеру, які пропонують, обіцяють, надають або одержують без законних на те підстав. Перспективним питанням подальшого дослідження вбачається огляд юридичної практики щодо притягнення до кримінальної відповідальності за протиправний вплив на результати офіційних спортивних змагань.
Stretching and Using Designers’ Empathic Horizons
Authors: Thomas Joyce , Strickfaden Megan
Published: June 2023

This paper builds upon previous research where we discovered gaps related to how empathy is understood and how the empathic horizon is characterized within design studies. First, we offer concrete definitions of empathy through various perspectives to clarify misconceptions. Second, we offer a brief historical overview of the ‘empathic horizon’, which can be traced back to the 1960s. Third, we offer a critical analysis of empathy/empathic horizons and begin to characterize what is meant by empathic horizons through the literature reviewed. Fourth, we illustrate how designers’ empathic horizons may be unintentionally and intentionally stretched. That is, we believe that each person has an empathic horizon that evolves spontaneously, is connected to personal individual embodied experiences, and evolves dynamically across their life journey. Literature shows that a person’s empathic horizon is predominantly developed unintentionally but it can be intentionally stretched or expanded, particularly when awareness is brought to the value of doing so. Fifth, we use our Jellybeans Empathic Modeling Activity that 1145 people have participated in since 2011 to flush out the definitions we’ve established. This paper contributes information not currently found in design literature by bringing together theoretical and practical definitions and characteristics about empathy and empathic horizons that are relevant to design practitioners and design educators.
Digital to Physical Medical Modeling: Industrial Design Activities in Support of a Limb Cooling Medical Device
Authors: Germany Jason , Shasheendra Abhijith , Sunil Mhetre Ketan , Aarabi Shahram , Emery Ashley
Published: June 2023

Industrial design has a long history of leveraging anthropometrics human factors data as a basis for good design and decision making throughout the design process. This data ranges from individual measurements supporting the bespoke design for the individual to large data sets normalized across populations that supporting a much broader user group. When it comes to the design of medical devices, traditional anthropometric data has increasingly been complemented by a range of scanning methods (3D surface, CT, MRI) as a form of input with a resulting output of CAD models as well as digitally fabricated medical models. Both the digital and physical medical models can support a number of industrial design activities as well as serving as a collaborative platform between allied disciplines during the design and development of a medical device. This paper relays the specific role medical modeling played in the industrial design process for the device design of a limb cooling product. This product was targeting the impacts of tourniquet induced limb ischemia by leveraging cooling to mitigate tissue damage. Over the course of this project, limb medical models were utilized as a platform for a number of activities including supporting several industrial design methods from early ideation to testing and concept refinement.
Synthesizing Humans with the Planet: Regenerative Agriculture and its relevance and application to Industrial Design
Authors: Trauth Braden
Published: June 2023

Humans came from the earth and we have the ability to enhance or destroy its ecological processes. For approximately 10,000 years we have, in general, found ways to exploit the earth’s bounty while leaving degraded eco-systems. Sustainability, arguably, is about learning how to realign and co-create with the earth and its regenerative processes. Regenerative Agriculture is a pioneering example of this potential, learning from both traditional practices and ecological science. This paper/presentation introduces and explains concepts around Regenerative Agriculture (RA) and how it can be applied to the production of renewable materials for physical products. Products employing these materials can help humans synthesize with the planet and its productive processes while healing it and fulfilling human needs. It will explain RA’s principles, parameters, types, processes & applications and what materials are being produced currently that designers can integrate into their products to solve the Ecological Crisis. RA is pioneering new ways that humans can enhance the planet. A foundation for understanding RA, is how farmers are applying these processes for efficiency to ensure its success at providing both ecological services and low cost production of materials. This is critical for the success of Circular or Mutualistic Design when it comes to renewable materials. It will also explore how RA can play a significant role in reversing climate change, as these practices were identified as some of the lowest hanging fruit to decarbonize the atmosphere to pre-industrial levels in one generation as identified by Drawdown.org. Thus, integration of these materials into mass produced products can, if applied appropriately, accelerate climate decarbonization. This is a pioneering field that holds promise both ecologically and economically. It is estimated to be a $700 Billion industry in the coming decades. This paper/presentation will also identify products pioneering regenerative materials. Lastly, it will introduce several Regenerative Verification Programs, one that the Author co-created, that exist to help designers make wise choices in specifying materials that are contributing to Mutalistic future.
A Study on the Spatial Location of HCP and Spinopelvic Alignment when Sitting on an Automotive Seat
Authors: Choi Woojin , Choi Siyoung , Sanghoon Ka , Sunwoong Kim , Moonjun Sohn
Published: June 2023

The design of automotive seats is an important design factor that affects the biomechanical alignment of the driver's spinopelvic alignment when in a seated state. However, there is a lack of biomechanical studies evaluating body changes in a driver's seated state in a driving environment. Therefore, urgent research is needed on driver-specific basic data that can be used as basic data to be considered in the development and design of automotive seats.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure the difference in the alignment of the spine and pelvis according to the driver's sitting posture when voluntarily participating drivers sit at their preferred car seat back angle and to use this data as basic biomechanical data for car seat design.Method: A total of 15 participants were seated in their preferred posture, and the lateral view of their spine and pelvis was evaluated using X-rays. The sagittal seatback angle at the time of sitting and the distance from the HCP (hip center point) to the VBC (vertebral body center) were measured. The HCP was determined as being the center of the femoral head, which is the point where the horizontal line and the vertical line bisecting the horizontal line meet after drawing a circle enclosing the femoral head on the lateral X-ray. VBC was defined as being the point at which the lines connecting the four ends of the vertebral body with intersections met in the side view of the X-ray. Then, based on the HCP, the distance of the VBC from the 5th lumbar vertebra to the 10th thoracic vertebra was measured with the x-coordinate for the horizontal line and the y-coordinate for the vertical line.Result: When the angle of the seatback was optimized when sitting, the angle was 10.9.4°±2.997°. And the distance of all vertebral bodies (L5, L4, L3, L2, L1, T12, T11, T10) from the HCP was 128±15.96, 147.3±19.44, 167.6±22.39, 187.5±24.87, 202.9±26.93, 216.2±29.89, 226.4±32.42, and 234±33.46, respectively, and the y (mm) values were 64.67±21.93, 106.1±22.91, 143.8±24.78, 181.6±23.30, 218.1±24.32, 253.6±27.80, 283.8±30.6.57, 331.6.57, respectively. Thus, as the change in distance from the HCP from the 5th lumbar vertebra to the 10th thoracic vertebra increases, x-axis increases by 15%, 13.78%, 11.87%, 8.2%, 6.55%, 4.72%, and 3.4%, respectively, and y-axis increases by 64.67%, 35.53%, 26.29%, 20.1%, 16.28%, 11.9%, and 10.6%, respectively, were observed.Conclusion: The results of this study will be used as basic data that can be reflected in an optimal ergonomic seat design by providing the vertebral body coordinate shift in the thoracic and lumbar region from the HCP through actual X-ray imaging, not virtual simulation, for optimal car seat design.
Depth of information processing rather than its content affects proactive behavioral intentions towards risk
Authors: Kyutoku Yasushi , Yamashina Mitsuru , Tanishita Masayoshi , Nanba Hidetsugu , Fukuda Satoshi , Shoji Hiroko
Published: June 2023

Increasing incidences of climate-change-related extreme weather is known to cause risk perception and anxiety. When these psychological reactions lead to proactive behaviors such as an intention to purchase a disaster insurance policy, the psychological reactions are regarded as adaptive. According to the deficit model, information contents should strongly affect psychological reactions and proactive behaviors. However, the causal model postulates that the processing depth of information should affect psychological reactions and proactive behaviors. These models led to an examination of the deficit model in Study 1 and of the causal model in Study 2. In Study 1, 505 participants, who did not have disaster insurance at the time of the study, were randomly assigned to either the informative or less informative condition. Then, they responded to an online questionnaire which included items for demographics, risk perceptions regarding climate-change-related disasters, efficacy in dealing with climate-change-related disasters, anxiety about climate-related disasters, absence of worry about a climate-related disasters, and intention to buy disaster insurance. The results revealed no significant difference between the informative and less informative conditions, implying that the deficit model was not supported. In Study 2, 445 participants, who did not have disaster insurance at the time, were randomly assigned to shallower or deeper processing conditions, and all participants responded to the same questionnaires used in Study 1. The results indicated that risk perception and insurance purchase intentions were higher in the deeper processing condition, implying that the deficit model is partially supported. Taken together, manipulating the manner in which information is processed can be an effective way to promote proactive behavior.
A Perceptual Study on the Ratios of Areas of Two Adjacent Colors for the Optimal Congruency
Authors: Chiba Masato , Yamada Masashi
Published: June 2023

Cute female characters frequently appear in Cool Japan content, such as anime, video games and manga. When designing a character, color is one of the most important factors. Previous studies showed that yellow characters tended to have a cute connotation like Pokémon. A character with yellow hair also had a cute impression. Particularly, a character with yellow hair and blue irises was perceived as one of the cutest types of character. A pair of yellow and blue consists of complementary colors and generally it is said that a pair of complementary colors gives an uncomfortable impression. It could be hypothesized that the small area of the pair of blue irises functioned as the effect color when combined with the wide area of yellow hair, and these colors were perceived as congruent. A Swiss artist, theorist and educator, Johannes Itten (1888-1967) calculated the ratios of areas of different colors based on a German poet, playwright, novelist and critic, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832). Goethe insisted the ratios of brightness of different colors are “yellow: orange: red: violet: blue: green = 9:8:6:3:4:6”. Then, the ratios of area of different colors for congruency were “yellow: orange: red: violet: blue: green = 3:4:6:9:8:6”, in Itten’s theory. Itten’s theory shows an inverse tendency from the phenomenon of a cute character. According to Itten’s theory, the area of blue must be wider than yellow. However, the theories of Itten and Goethe were based on their intuition. In the present study, a perceptual experiment was conducted to directly measure the ratios of areas of different colors for congruency, to test Itten’s theory. Twelve colors were selected from Itten’s color wheel; yellow, orange, red, violet, blue and green, and 132 pairs of two different colors were prepared. Two adjacent squares were painted in two different colors and 20 participants from the Kanazawa Institute of Technology were requested to adjust the boundary of the two areas to make them most congruent, using the software Illustrator. The results of the experiment showed that the ratios were “yellow: orange: red: violet: blue: green = 5:6:5:6:7:6”. The ratio of 5:7 for yellow and blue colors were smaller than Itten’s theory, but the tendency was consistent with Itten’s theory. To conclude, the phenomenon observed in cute characters in Japanese content could not be illustrated by the ratio of areas of the complementary colors of yellow and blue. The phenomenon may be explained rather by the cultural effects where Japanese people admired Western people with blond hair and blue eyes.
A Statistical Analysis of History of Japanese Light Novels
Authors: Hasegawa Sho , Yamada Masashi
Published: June 2023

In recent years, cool Japan anime, video games and manga have been recognized as important export-oriented merchandise in Japan. Another recent Japanese genre is light novels. Light novels are one of the genres of novels and construct a part of recent Japanese pop culture. In Japan recently, the anime, manga and live-action films have been adapted from the original light novels. Light novels were chiefly read by high and junior-high school student previously, but the range of the readers has been expanding widely in recent years. However, light novels have not been statistically studied yet. In the present study, 533 titles of popular light novels published in 2004-2020 were investigated to clarify the trends in the genre.Numbers were counted for each of 129 items, data of published year, publisher, label, platform first appeared on, length of time from the first publication to the release of the anime adaptation, length of time from the first publication to the manga adaptation and so on for each year. And a 17 x 129 cross-tabulation table was constructed. Then it was analyzed by correspondence analysis and cluster analysis.The results of the correspondence analysis showed a three-dimensional solution with a cumulative contribution ratio of 64 %. Each year was plotted on the three-dimensional space, then cluster analysis was performed on the plots with Ward’s method. The results of the cluster analysis showed that the plots could be divided into four periods; 2004-005, 2006-2015, 2016-2017 and 2018-2020.The results showed that KADOKAWA’s labels were popular between 2004 and 2014, but the other publishers’ labels which collect novels appearing in individuals’ private home pages or posted on web-sites became popular in recent years. The most important part of the business strategy of light novels is mass-production, which means a large number of works and writers are needed. As such, it stands to reason that internet novel submission sites have become an important source for publishers.The results also showed that it only took one or two years to produce anime for many titles between 2006 and 2014, but in recent years, the period of time has increased to four years and the number of cases where no anime was produced has also increased. Additionally, manga based on the light novels tends to be published within one year. This suggests that the center of the multimedia strategy of light novels has shifted from anime to manga. Since the mid-2010s, tablet devices and e-comics applications have rapidly developed. This has enabled publishers to rapidly produce and publish manga based on the original light novels. Moreover, it now takes longer to produce anime, because the quality of frames and productions costs have increased. Therefore, anime studios tend to select an original work of light novel carefully, observing the sales of the e-manga adaptation.
Multimodal Learnability Assessment of a Touch-based Large Area Display with Eye Tracking and Optical Brain Imaging
Authors: Çigdem Şahin Ezgi , Diğba Özmenoğlu Dilan , Paker Ahmet , Kaygusuz Yasin , Aydemir Hakan , Acartürk Cengiz , Perit Çakır Murat
Published: June 2023

Multifunctional Large-Area Displays (LAD) have become an integral part of modern airplane cockpits, offering pilots flexible access to flight controls and mission-critical information. The modern glass cockpit paradigm is expected to reduce the workload of pilots by reducing the complexity and clutter of traditional cockpit layouts and improve their situational awareness by providing flexible access to rich information through the interface. On the other hand, the new paradigm has led to interaction design challenges in utilizing the affordances of the novel interface components, presenting barriers agains effective use of the interface by the pilots. In the present study, we report empirical investigations of such a LAD interface and its learnability via behavioral performance, established upon the neuroergonomics approaches, such as eye tracking and optical brain imaging measurements. Two test pilots, who had prior experience in traditional cockpit layouts were recruited to perform flight tasks in a flight simulator incorporating a LAD touch screen to interact with basic flight instruments of a trainer jet. The pilots were first given standardized training to familiarize with the basic information layout and features of the LAD interface. Following the initial training, both flew a scenario in the simulator that included various tasks (e.g., functional layout assignment, setting communication parameters, monitoring barometric settings and fuel levels, etc.) over the LAD interface for the before take-off, taxi, take off, climb, level flight, approach, and landing phases. The Pupil Labs Invisible mobile eye tracker and the fNIR Imager 1100 system were used to monitor the pilots’ eye movements and prefrontal oxygenation changes during the flight. Two weeks later, the tasks were replicated for the learnability assessment. The results indicated that pilots’ task completion times decreased for the majority of the tasks, accompanied by an increase in eye fixation durations, a decrease in the number of fixations, and a decrease in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation. Overall, these results suggest supporting evidence for the learnability of the new interface paradigm through task measurements in multiple scenarios.
'Do increased engagement effects in lecture videos improve comprehension?
Authors: Mar Jessica , L. Vu Kim-Phuong
Published: June 2023

Students are choosing more and more to enroll in online courses due to convenience or acclimation from distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, instructors must learn to utilize principles of cognitive load and student engagement when designing online courses, especially when creating asynchronous lecture videos. This study examined the effects of content difficulty (Easy vs. Hard) and percentage level of engagement effects in videos (10%, 25%, 50%, 75%) on comprehension of course material. Participants were asked to watch one easy content and one hard content video and answer questions on the video topic after each video. Perceived usability, mental effort, and engagement behavior tendencies while watching instructional videos were also measured. Results showed a significant interaction between content difficulty and subject pool, with student participants performing better than Amazon participants, specifically on hard content. Participants rated lower levels of engagement effects as more usable, and participants overall rated easy content requiring less mental effort to understand than hard content. Implications and further research topics based on these findings are discussed.
A Failure Event Virtual Learning Method that Replaces Field Experience and Its Effectiveness Measurement
Authors: Okada Yusaku , Aoyagi Takafumi
Published: June 2023

Its known that 95 % of occupational accidents are caused by unsafe human behavior. Therefore, in order to prevent occupational accidents, various human resource education is implemented in each company, but due to the rut that accompanies continuation, many of them are only aimed at preventing serious accidents in steady state. Furthermore, since it takes time and manpower to conduct education, there is also a problem that these educational methods are not effectively utilized in the field. For example, in recent years, a method of supporting risk prediction using VR in high-place work has been considered, but it costs a lot of money to introduce it, and people who have little experience in the first place have the problem that it feels like a game. Merely continuing such a stereotyped education will not improve learning through experience, and it will be difficult to develop outstanding human resources with awareness. Furthermore, for those who have little experience in the field, even if they acquire knowledge through classroom lectures and group work, it is difficult to use it in the field and predict danger. Developing experienced and excellent human resources who can notice on-site is an urgent issue for the future of the company. Therefore, in this research, by investigating various conventional educational methods and sorting out their strengths and weaknesses, we will clarify the reasons why these educational methods are not being used in the field, improve the weaknesses, and improve the actual field. We propose a failure event virtual experience-based l learning method that replaces the field experience.In this study, we decided to measure the effect of the proposed learning method from the degree of awareness in the accident prevention activities carried out in Japanese companies. The reason for this is that in order to further improve the effectiveness of current safety education, it is most practical to measure awareness during activities that are actually carried out in the field, and it is not possible to measure with paper tests or questionnaires. Therefore, based on the characteristics of on-site workers, we decided to examine methods to improve their awareness and willingness to participate in safety activities. Furthermore, we decided to conduct an analysis based on an evaluation experiment to see if the subject's awareness improved by receiving the proposed educational method prior to the safety activities.
Plant Engineer Performance Improvement for Effective Risk Reduction
Authors: Ujita Hiroshi , Matsuo Naoko
Published: June 2023

To reduce the risk in the complex systems, it must be firmly suppressed in the original design process, so the safety concept is thoroughly incorporated into the system based on risk management at the design stage before operation. Next step, implement risk reduction measures are considered based on risk management at the construction or operation stages. As a response to the problem that remains even after taking measures in advance, that is, a risk that occurs at the stage of using equipment or processes, an failure or error is detected and the countermeasure is taken. Therefore, we will first understand the vulnerabilities at the time of implementation and the weaknesses in human relationships between organizations and teams. As counter-measures, it is the most important to give feedback to the hardware, next to software, and when it is not possible, it is important to take countermeasures by the organization or team, not to blame the individual fault. In summary, it is necessary to enhance human performance for dealing with problems that are anticipated in advance, and then to enhance error detection that remains even after setup.There are six measures to reduce risks. One is leveraging human performance tools such as Tool Box Meeting during runtime, and another is cause analysis as 5 why when the problem occurred. While effective risk reduction must be realized in the planning phase, in which there are four type of risk management activities. First, risk assessment by practical engineers at the field work planning, especially for the job situation at the first time, after a long time, or when job change. Second, on the contrary, long-term issues cleared by the feedbacks from various risk assessments in the plant and understood by executives. Third, risk analysis, which evaluates random failures or human errors, on the safety system (stand-by system). Fourth one is maintenance activities on the usual system based on failure physics. Total six approaches are completely different each other, and then sections to respond for them, not only safety, maintenance, quality assurance, but also executives, etc., are also different, that is risk management can be achieved by all members efforts in the plant.Risk reduction measures evaluation is the key for risk management in the plant. There are four methods to reduce risk. One is hazard reduction itself, such as change to small plant size or attach intrinsic safety features etc. Second is occurrence frequency reduction by preventive measures, installing barriers such as safety logic or safety systems, etc. Third is consequence reduction by installing mitigation systems. Fourth is consequence reduction by mitigating operation such as emergency planning, evacuation, etc. We must select the most effective way by discussions from designers to operators, from practical engineers to executives, that is effective risk reduction activities can be realized by all members efforts in the plant.
A Conceptualised Rescheduling Approach to Minimise Manufacturing Disruptions in the South African Automotive Industry.
Authors: M Ikome John , Timothy Laseinde Opeyeolu
Published: June 2023

Manufacturing organisations are very important industry globally as the goods that are produced and supply for fills the day to day demand of customers and any disruption within the manufacturing sub system, can be very detrimental to the organisation, as it will create a bottleneck that can put a constraint to the entire system and render it obsolete, particularly as observed from the South African automotive industry, using a number of productivity, reliability and failure techniques. According to the results, it shows that manufacturing disruption can be minimized if the proper reliability strategies and rescheduling models are put in place.
Requirements and expectations for truck platooning - a multidisciplinary perspective
Authors: Pedro Duarte Sérgio , Cunha Liliana , Moreira Luciano , Ferreira Sara , Lobo António
Published: June 2023

Recent developments in vehicle automation are leading a paradigm change in respect to mobility of goods and people. Pushed by environmental concerns, researchers and practitioners seek new and innovative solutions. Nevertheless, the challenge of sustainable transport does not end with the use of clean fuels, as faster, cheaper, and more efficient transport is still desired by operators. The concepts behind truck automation and truck platooning technologies present potential for operations management efficiency and cost reduction. On the other hand, as drivers are still the main piece on a safe and efficient transport system, their working conditions must be ensured. Therefore, a multidisciplinary perspective on truck platooning is required, comprising the view of all the stakeholders involved in the development of safe and easily adopted technologies. In the context of the project TRAIN, we have developed exploratory research towards understanding and mapping the requirements for deploying truck platooning technology. Through a qualitative research, based on focus groups, we have identified three main areas of requirements from logistics companies: (i) labor, (ii) safety and liability, and (iii) transport and logistics. The analysis also showed that these areas are related to three research domains: (i) human factors and human-machine interaction, (ii) operations research and management, and (iii) policy and regulation.
A harmonized multi-lingual terminology for ICT devices and services
Authors: Boecker Martin , Darmois Emmanuel
Published: June 2023

Users who are unfamiliar with the terminology, technical meaning, or intended functionality of modern mobile ICT (Information and Communications Technology) devices and services may be reluctant to use those devices and services and miss out on their potential benefits. A limited understanding of those devices and services on the users’ part also prevents them from exploiting the true potential of ICT and hinders the uptake and use of services, including those of societal relevance. ETSI Guide EG 203 499 presents an alternative, offering a solution focusing on improving the overall user experience and accessibility through by providing recommendations for a harmonized terminology, covering more than 800 basic, commonly-used ICT features in the 27 European languages, that are the official languages of the European Union (EU) and EFTA, the European Free Trade Area. Technical Committee Human Factors (TC HF) of the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI) has initiated this ongoing work, to develop a freely-available ETSI document (ETSI Guide EG 203 499, current version of October 2022, a further update to be published in the first half of 2024). The method used for developing the terminologies and examples of the terminologies published in the latest ETSI Guide version are presented. ETSI Guide 203 499 will not only facilitate the use of ICT devices and services for users but may also serve as a reference for harmonized (on a voluntary basis) user interface elements and user manuals to be provided by the industrial ICT actors concerned (e.g. manufacturers).
Does size matter? Findings on the Green building cost premium in South Africa for 2009 - 2018
Authors: Hoffman Danie , Cruywagen Hoffie
Published: June 2023

Since the Green Building Council South Africa (GBCSA) was established in 2007, the frequent perception that green building has a significant and unaffordable cost premium challenged the progress of green building. Various studies confirmed that this opinion exists worldwide. In response, the GBCSA, the Association of South African Quantity Surveyors (ASAQS) and the University of Pretoria (UP) started a joint study in 2014 to provide accurate data on the actual cost of South African green buildings. The study findings are based on the cost data of all new office buildings awarded a Green Star certification by the GBCSA using the Green Star Office v1/v1.1 rating tool. A total of 170 new office buildings fit this profile. The study findings were published in industry booklets in 2016, 2019 and 2022. In addition to reporting on the cost premium of green building, the aim of the study was also to consider prominent building features driving green building costs to develop a deeper understanding of the nature of green building cost. These building features include the certification level, the size, the base building cost, the certification date, the tenant mix and the vertical façade ratio of the buildings. The study found an average green building cost premium (GBCP) of only 3,96% in 2019, reducing to 3,63% in 2022. The study also found that the construction area of the study population’s buildings had a consistent negative correlation with their green building cost premium. This study will describe a more detailed relationship between building size and green building cost premium. The information will add value to the green building industry and all the relevant stakeholders, such as property owners and developers, the GBCSA, the ASAQS and the quantity surveying profession. The findings can also be compared internationally to serve the wider green building industry.
Empirical scrutiny of the human resources management features for effective maintenance management of educational buildings
Authors: Ncogbo Ntebo , Aigbavboa Clinton , Aghimien Douglas
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the findings of an empirical assessment of human resources management features required for the effective maintenance of higher education institutions (HEIs) buildings in South Africa. This was done to improve the maintenance management of HEI buildings in the country for better performance of buildings. The study adopted a post-positivism philosophical perspective using a quantitative research approach with questionnaires as the instrument for data collection. The questionnaire survey was distributed to the users of academic buildings and head of maintenance departments in six HEIs in Gauteng, South Africa. Data collected was analysed using mean item score, Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and confirmatory factor analysis. The study found that the availability of skilled and experienced personnel, adequate staffing of the maintenance department, effective occupational health and safety practices of maintenance staff, and top management support for training are key to the effective maintenance of HEIs buildings. This study offers a theoretical contribution to the existing discourse on the maintenance of educational buildings by exploring the human resources management dimension – an aspect that has gained little attention in recent times.
Assessing the role of organizational features in maintenance management of buildings in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Ncogbo Ntebo , Aigbavboa Clinton , Aghimien Douglas
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the results of a study conducted on the importance of organizational features in the maintenance management (MM) of HEI buildings in South Africa. The study was undertaken with the aim of improving the MM of buildings used by HEIs in South Africa. The study adopted a post-positivism philosophical perspective which informed the use of a quantitative research approach using a questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted amongst the users of academic buildings and the head of maintenance departments in six HEIs in Gauteng, South Africa. Data gathered were analysed using mean item score, Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and confirmatory factor analysis. The study's result shows that for HEIs to maintain their buildings effectively, they should prioritise asset management capability, maintenance action plans, and adequate resources. This study offers a theoretical contribution to the existing discourse on the maintenance of educational buildings by exploring the organizational features – an aspect that has gained little attention in HEIs building maintenance studies.
The role of Data and AI during development of Smart Services
Authors: Neuhüttler Jens , Nägele Rainer
Published: June 2023

The development of innovative smart services holds a wide range of potential for companies, but also poses challenges due to the complexity involved. In current scientific literature, the use of AI is seen as having the potential to reduce precisely this complexity in innovation processes. This article examines the extent to which this also applies to the development of smart services. For this purpose, challenges in the development process are first described in more detail and general potentials for the support of AI along generic functionalities are considered. Based on this, initial ideas are presented as to how AI can support the individual development steps in the development process of smart services.
Roadmap to Close the Gap Between Undergraduate Education and STEM Employment Across Industry Sectors, Further Studied
Authors: Moghaddam Yassi , Russell Martha , Yuen Josephine , Demirkan Haluk
Published: June 2023

Driven by advances in technology and automation, work and jobs are changing rapidly, and the pace of change has supercharged in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis (McKinsey, 2021). As more and more repeatable tasks are relegated to machines, millions of existing jobs may be displaced by machines, while millions of new ones, especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), may emerge where people together with machines are the engine to innovation leadership (World Economic Forum, 2020). For new STEM jobs to offset the losses, an adaptable workforce with a new and evolving set of skills is crucial now and in the future. Preparing the workforce for the STEM jobs of the future, however, requires massive upskilling, and close collaboration between industry-academia and government service systems to prepare the workforce for new and future STEM jobs.It is in this context that, in 2019, the International Society of Service Innovation Professionals (ISSIP), with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), embarked on (what turned out to be) a two-phase research project to inform higher education leaders in the US about industry perspectives on how STEM undergraduate educational institutions might best meet industry’s expected demands for new and future skills. The first phase of the research culminated in “A Proposed Roadmap to Close the Gap Between Undergraduate Education and STEM Employment Across Industry Sectors” (Moghaddam, Kwan, Freund, Russell, 2021) where a framework for “Specialized” and “Foundational” skills required by industry for future entry-level STEM jobs was laid out. During the course of this initial phase a few ensuing research questions emerged: 1) How has the industry perspective on skills demand changed as a result of the COVID-19 crisis? (The crisis hit the US toward the tail end of the first phase.) 2) How are industry recruiters and hiring managers screening STEM graduates for both “specialized” and “foundational skills?” 3) From an industry perspective, which colleges/universities' curricula/pedagogies better align with industry demand? 4) Can a set of desirable curriculum/pedagogy attributes be developed from the findings? And, 5) How are industry recruiters using badging and certification to assess job readiness for college graduates? In this paper, the authors present mainly the findings from the second phase of their research.