bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rotary seeder device for smallseeded crops
Authors: Ovchinnikov V. A , Chatkin M. N , Dranyayev S. B
Published: April 2022

Standard imported and domestic kale drills do not fully comply with agro technical requirements by seed distribution quality. Solutions permitting to increase seed distribution quality by means of uniformity of seed distribution on the growing space and prevention of seed damage are examined.
Combined undermining working organ
Authors: Norchayev Zh. R
Published: April 2022

The results of potato harvesters undermining working organ investigations conducted at low soil moisture content are given.
Duplex electromechanical transmission with automatic control system
Authors: Dushutin K. A , Ageyev V. A , Vantyusov Yu. A
Published: April 2022

Electromechanical transmission with automatic module control system including power and technological channels is suggested. Algorithm for resistance determination during segmentary-finger mover operation taking into account power expenditures for driving moment and angular velocity fluctuations is given. Operating ranges of mobile power module with mover mechanical drive and standard Т-25А tractor with КС-2,1 mover were compared.
Technology for germinated watermelon seeds sowing by single grain and hole method
Authors: Bespalova O. N , Abezin V. G
Published: April 2022

The sowing technology for the germinated watermelon seeds is developed. It includes seed presowing treatment by electroactivated water and germinated seeds sowing by new construction of seed distributor, using single-grain and hole sowing method.
Some features of reduction rates determination of geared part of agricultural tractor transmission with hydrodynamic gear
Authors: Dyachkov Ye. A , Fedyanov Ye. A
Published: April 2022

Procedure of determination of reduction rate of geared part of agricultural tractor transmission with hydrodymamic gear is suggested.
Fault check of a steering hydraulic pump
Authors: Nikolayev Ye. V , Makarkin I. M
Published: April 2022

Diagnostics of a steering hydraulic pump for goods-carrying vehicles is considered. Reference values of detected parameters are given.
Properties of reinforced surfaces of gear pumps’ parts
Authors: Suldin S. P , Grigoryev A. V , Martyshkin A. P , Grigoryeva O. V
Published: April 2022

The basic dependences of reinforcement processes are examined. The order of quality assessment of the processed surface and results of metallographic examinations of the reinforced samples are given.
On constructional deterioration of working organs of soil-cultivating cutters
Authors: Zvolinskiy V. N
Published: April 2022

The hypothesis is put forward that for working organs of rotary cultivators the kinematic construction perfection by means of optimization of an angle of installation of a knife on the tiller rotor in a combination with continuously variable regulating of the kinematic parameter can be considered as an effective way of their service life extension. The regulating have to proceed from predicted deterioration of a back part of a knife in running-in time interval.
Power consumption of soil rotary tillage with small-size cutters having driving wheels
Authors: Kupryashkin V. F , Naumkin N. I , Chatkin M. N
Published: April 2022

Power inputs were analyzed and equations of power consumption of soil rotary tillage with the use of self-propelled small-size soil cultivating cutters with road wheels were obtained depending on soil conditions, operation modes and machine structural features.
Strength and staff of technical support service in animal husbandry
Authors: Kovaliov L. I , Kovaliov I. L
Published: April 2022

The calculation method for strength and staff of services for maintenance and repair of animal husbandry machinery is considered.
Modeling of spring tines of combined cultivators
Authors: Fiodorov S. Ye , Chatkin M. N , Kostin A. S , Gorodskov S. Yu
Published: April 2022

Working organs of combined cultivators on spring tines are examined. Parameters of spring tines’ stressedly-deformed state were obtained on the base of loads modeling. Rigidity adjustment of the tines is suggested to use them on different soils.
Bases of identification and modeling of artificial pollutions of operating fluids and oils
Authors: Baryshev V. I , Maksakova I. V , Ibragimova K. Z , Kovaliov I. N
Published: April 2022

Additional methodical rules of identification, modelling and analysis of pollution of operating fluids and oils are substantiated.
Preliminary purification of fuel heated in machines’ fuel systems
Authors: Udler E. I , Khalturin D. V
Published: April 2022

Construction of a filter for fuel purification and heating during machine exploitation under low temperatures is presented. A calculation method of fuel heating systems in fuel systems of diesel machines is suggested.
Mobile soil track
Authors: Yemelyanov P. A , Sibiriov A. V , Aksionov A. G
Published: April 2022

A mobile soil track intended for search tests and laboratory investigations of embedding working organs of planting machines is suggested.
Bibliometric analysis of domestic agri-engineering journals
Authors: Demidov D. D
Published: April 2022

Results of bibliometric analysis of domestic agri-engineering journals on the base of Russian Science Citation Index database are considered.
Economic assessment of a soil cultivating cutter with B-shaped two-stage knives
Authors: Mozhayev Ye. Ye , Dzhabbarov A. K
Published: April 2022

A method of economic efficiency estimation for soil cultivating cutter with two-stage B-shaped knives is given. The ФБН-0,9 cutter with L-shaped knives was taken as basic variant. Source data of compared constructions, calculated formulas, technical and economic indices of constructions efficiency are cited.
Review of cultivators for continuous tillage and trends of their production
Authors: Nesmiyan A. Yu , Dolzhikov V. V
Published: April 2022

Technical parameters of modern domestic and imported cultivators for continuous tillage were considered. Findings can be used for the estimation of specific technical indicators of engineered soil cultivating tools.
Expansion of cultivators’ operational characteristics
Authors: Slivinskiy Ye. V , Radin S. Yu
Published: April 2022

Materials concerning the development of promising design of S-shaped spring cultivator suspension and the determination of its geometric parameters are presented.
Assessment of bearing and coupling passability of chemicalization vehicles on grounds of low bearing value
Authors: Pryadkin V. I
Published: April 2022

Results of theoretical researches concerning the assessment of bearing and coupling passability of light power units are given. Diapason of load range and air pressure in extra-low pressure tires is revealed, which secures the passability on grounds of low bearing value.
A new design of transmission for off-the-road motor-vehicle train
Authors: Shegelman I. R , Skrypnik V. I , Vasilyev A. S
Published: April 2022

Design of transmission for motor-vehicle train with mechanical drive of active trailer is described. This transmission is a product of high manufacturability and operational characteristics. It enables to rise the vehicle passability by its motion along poor road or off-the-road.
Calculation of characteristics of grain oscillating drying in a mobile grain dryer
Authors: Golubkovich A. V , Pavlov S. A , Lukin I. D , Mashkovtsov M. F
Published: April 2022

Main characteristics of oscillating drying in mobile grain dryers with vertical screw are determined. Economic inspection of fodder grain drying was carried out and ~15% reduction of specific heat expenditures was revealed.
Laser radiation seed pretreatment and its effect on shoots characteristics
Authors: Khinchuk K. Ye , Khinchuk D. G
Published: April 2022

Spruce fir seeds were treated by laser radiation just before their sowing into the ground. Results of this experiment are given.
Procedure of determination of tubers free lifting and grinding length
Authors: Maksimov L. M , Strunov A. K , Muratov P. I , Vasilyev A. P
Published: April 2022

Results of investigation of tubers rolling on a free inclined plane of elevator canvas are presented. Procedure of determination of tubers free lifting and grinding length is given.
A method of slipping decrease of wheeled pneumatic mover
Authors: Murog I. A , Kalugin A. A
Published: April 2022

A mechanism was examined allowing to restrict the angular velocity of slipping wheel by means of its deceleration with specialized rollers driven by pneumatic brakes’ rear circuit.
Estimation method of real embedding of working organs under the testing of soil cultivating machinery
Authors: Kireyev I. M , Koval Z. M
Published: April 2022

A method is suggested, plan and equipment for the estimation of working organs’ real embedding in technological process under soil cultivating machinery testing are developed.
Sources of production and professional risks in technical service
Authors: Chernoivanov V. I , Burenko L. A , Filippova Ye. M , Ivleva I. B , Kazakova V. A , Dankov A. A
Published: April 2022

A block diagram of professional and production risks of diseases and injuries from hazardous and dangerous factors of production on-site is presented. Modern methods and means of protection from principal risks sources are described.
Computer model of particle motion in the chopping unit
Authors: Belov M. I , Gubernskiy A. Yu , Pronin V. Yu
Published: April 2022

Influence of cutting angles of plain knifes and under-knife blocks setting on particle descent angle and specific energy intensity of chopping was estimated with the help of computer model. Findings of investigation are given.
Corrosive medium exposure protection of brass parts of agricultural machinery
Authors: Polischuk S. D , Gorokhova M. N
Published: April 2022

Findings of investigation of Cu and Zn alloys of different chemical and phase formulation are given. Brasses (α-, (α+β)- and β-phases of Сu, Zn system) corrosive behavior was explored as well as arsenic influence on brasses dezincification as compared with the effect of arsenic subgroup elements Р, Sb and Bi.
Parameters estimation of transport headlights of tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines
Authors: Nikolayev Ye. V , Sayapin S. N
Published: April 2022

Possibility of headlights light intensity estimation by indirect method, namely illuminance measuring during the technical checkup was examined.
Wear resistance and tribological properties of nanostructured composites obtained by the microarc oxidation technique
Authors: Godzhayev Z. A , Zaytsev S. D , Somov O. V , Suminov I. V
Published: April 2022

A microarc oxidation technique for formation of wear-resistant nanostructured composites on the base of gated metals for sealings of centrifugal pumps of engine cooling system is considered.
Economy land dimensions as the main minimizing factor of its need for tractors and other machinery
Authors: Melnik V. I
Published: April 2022

Interrelationship between economies dimensions and their need for tractors and other machinery is examined. Three main mechanisms that cause the need for technical equipment are showed on an example of analysis of specific tractor equipment status of worldwide producer’s economies.
A mechanism for combined edge cutting machining and surface plastic deformation
Authors: Pini B. Ye , Vetrova Ye. A , Maksimov Yu. V , Ankin A. V
Published: April 2022

Developed mechanism for combined edge cutting machining and surface plastic deformation with regulated rolling force by rollers is presented.
Enhancement of efficiency and operation security of man-machine systems
Authors: Lipkovich I. E , Lopatin A. D
Published: April 2022

Problems of human resource effective usage in industry and increase of operation security of man-machine systems are considered. Algorithm of man-machine systems security is developed.
Features of motor and tractor internal combustion engines exploitation in conditions of Siberia and Far East acutely continental climate
Authors: Labarov D. B , Dumnov S. N
Published: April 2022

Optimal temperature regimes of motor and tractor engines exploitation in conditions of cold climate are considered.
Influence of processing factors on the workmanship of tractors and agricultural machines’ parts
Authors: Ivannikov S. N , Shandov M. M
Published: April 2022

Influence of processing factors, namely processed workpieces allowance nonuniformity and connected fluctuations in depth of cutting, on elastic movements in processing equipment and its output parameters during the manufacturing of turned parts are considered.
Improvement of processing characteristics of a two-disk plougshare
Authors: Kashevarnikov V. Yu
Published: April 2022

Construction of an attachment for the СЗ-5.4 seeders line is developed. This device ensures the uniform depth of seeding and soil covering of furrows. The operation quality of standard and experimental ploughshares was studied.
A method of construction of measuring and computing system for machine-tractor units testing
Authors: Inshakov A. P , Kornaukhov O. F , Filin A. F
Published: April 2022

The use of universal means of measurement of machine-tractor unit operation parameters in modern world technical inspection systems is analyzed. A scheme of a complex for the remote control of machine-tractor unit operation parameters is presented.
Assessment criteria of engineering level of free-wheel clutch mechanisms
Authors: Sharkov O. V
Published: April 2022

Coefficients for the assessment of technical and economic properties of free-wheel clutch mechanisms for drives of agricultural machinery were suggested. Comparative evaluation of engineering level of non-frictional type eccentric mechanisms and mechanisms with sprags was carried out.
A test bench for the examination of lubrication conditions of crankshaft bearings of internal-combustion engines
Authors: Makushin A. A , Barylnikova Ye. P
Published: April 2022

Structural components of a test bench for the examination of operation conditions of crankshaft bearings of an internal-combustion engine are considered. Findings of the investigation can be used for the calculation and improvement of engines lubrication system and development of their technical state diagnostics system.
Choosing the kinematic characteristics of a test bench for rotary cultivators tests
Authors: Kupryashkin V. F , Chatkin M. N , Naumkin N. I , Avdeyev V. N , Kapustin A. G , Kupryashkin M. A
Published: April 2022

A brief overview of kinematic characteristics of test benches for the research of rotary cultivators is carried out. Comparative analysis of experimental test benches’ constructions and systems of kinematic characteristics control is given.
Analysis of belts deformation by pulleys in flax harvesting machines
Authors: Kovaliov M. M , Vinogradov A. V
Published: April 2022

Results of studies of belts compression by pulleys with cylindrical protrusions in flax harvesting machines are given. A method for calculation of cylindrical protrusions deepening into the rubber layer of belts is developed.
MK-5 frictional material produced with the use of free filled layer technology
Authors: Ilyuschenko A. F , Leshok A. V , Shapovalova O. A
Published: April 2022

Evaluation of operating efficiency of frictional materials made by different manufacturers, allowing to determine the prospect of their use in high-loaded friction assembly, is presented.
Improvement of technical service of machinery and equipment in cattle breeding
Authors: Kovaliov L. I , Kovaliov I. L
Published: April 2022

A technique is proposed and standards of resources consumption are developed estimated for one relative unit of complexity level for modern technical services.
Characteristics of compensatory capacity of loader and the transport support of sowing complexes
Authors: Astafyev V. L , Muslimov N. M , Ivanchenko P. G , Malygin S. L
Published: April 2022

Results of theoretical researches substantiating the characteristics of compensatory capacity of a loader and the transport support of sowing complexes are presented. It is stated that the volume of compensatory bunker of a seed loader has to be equal to the total volume of bunkers of sowing complexes under its service.
Biodiesel fuel production from microalgae
Authors: Nagornov S. A , Mescheryakova Yu. V
Published: April 2022

Diagram and main stages of biodiesel fuel production from chlorella are given. Influence of cultivation conditions on the content of lipids in the extract of microalgae is considered. Chromatographic analysis of fatty acid composition of obtained lipid fraction is performed.
Equipment for mobile power unit cab protection from insolation
Authors: Polivayev O. I , Zhuravets I. B , Manoylina S. Z
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the analysis of equipment protecting the cab and operator of mobile power unit from high insolation. Special attention is payed to the combination of thermophysical properties of protection devices, including the capacities of reflection, thermal insulation and heat removal. A number of patented designs improving working conditions is proposed.
Research of new working organs for graded subsurface tillage in arid conditions of the South of Russia
Authors: Parkhomenko G. G , Bozhko I. V , Gromakov A. V , Maksimenko V. A
Published: April 2022

The paper presents the results of experimental researches of different versions of working organs for graded subsurface tillage. Analysis of their energy and agrotechnical indicators is performed.
New compact potato harvester with separator acting in ascending and descending manner
Authors: Maksimov L. M , Maksimov P. L , Strunov A. K , Bushmakin Ye. M
Published: April 2022

A new compact potato harvester of innovative design with separator detaching the potato tubers from soil and plant tops in ascending flow of pile is developed. Design diagram of new machine is described; test conditions and agronomic parameters are given.
Determination of maximal slipping of wheeled movers taking into account the limiting of their impact on soil
Authors: Nadykto V. T
Published: April 2022

To ensure the minimal damage of soil structure, it is proposed to determine the maximal slipping of wheeled movers taking into account the value of their permissible pressure on soil in horizontal plane. As a result, it is established that for the substantial reduction of soil structural damage during agricultural works in spring period the maximal permissible values of slipping of wheeled movers of tractors of 5, 3 and 1,4 tractive classes have to be equal to 15, 12 and 9% respectively. In summer and autumn periods, the values of maximal slipping can be greater and, accordingly, be equal to 20, 16 and 13%.
Substantiation of dimensions of groove cylindrical seals of centrifuges with hydraulic drive
Authors: Snezhko A. V
Published: April 2022

A calculation method for geometrical parameters of cylindrical rotor seals of cleaning centrifuges with hydrojet drive is developed. Different variants of seal arrangement in centrifuge are considered. Results of calculations of seal parameters for three various dimension-types used in serial centrifuges under various liquid pressures are given.
Optimal energy saturation of agricultural tractor
Authors: Samsonov V. A , Lachuga Yu. F
Published: April 2022

Convex functions of specific energy consumption of agricultural tractor are determined. Its optimum energy saturation corresponds to their minimum.
Optimization of energy parameters of tractor gas-turbine engine
Authors: Shkrabak V. S , Dzhabborov N. I , Shkrabak R. V , Fedkin D. S
Published: April 2022

The article presents the results of studies on optimization of main energy parameters of tractor gas-turbine engines for machine-tractor units.
Seeding of rapeseed by the use of vibration sowing device of a seeder
Authors: Vishnyakov A. A , Vishnyakov A. S , Klak A. I
Published: April 2022

Vibration sowing device was developed for a seeder as the embodiment of multifunctional tilling and sowing machine. The main factors influencing the quality of seeding by vibration device are determined. According to research results, the graph of their influence on estimates of seeding is constructed. The parameters of efficient operation of the device are defined; they satisfy the agrotechnical requirements for the quality of small-seeded crops seeding.
Method for substantiation of modernization parameters of maintenance and repair base of enterprises using agricultural machinery
Authors: Kushnarev L. I
Published: April 2022

The article presents the theoretical aspects for substantiation of main directions of modernization of maintenance and repair base of enterprises using agricultural machinery, primarily large agricultural enterprises and machine-technological stations. Substantiation of modernization parameters of the maintenance and repair base should be performed on the basis of technical and economic criteria for the rational distribution of technical service works.
Static stability of articulated front loader on the slope
Authors: Pozin B. M , Troyanovskaya I. P , Bondar V. N , Vershinskiy L. V , Taborskikh Ye. V
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the static stability for overturning of articulated front loader, depending on its location on the slope.
Assessment of environmental friendliness of tractors, machinery and equipment
Authors: Trembovelskiy L. G , Griff M. I
Published: April 2022

The article provides the analysis of regulatory frameworks of environmental friendliness of tractors, machinery and equipment existing in the territory of the Customs Union and the Russian Federation, and the methodological support for obtaining standardized indicators. It also considers the problem relating to travel of non-road self-propelled vehicles on the public road network.
Study of stationary regimes of drum grain dryer and opportunities to increase their intensity
Authors: Andrianov N. M , Mei Shunqi , Xue Yong
Published: April 2022

Using the methods of modeling and experimental studies, stationary regimes of drum grain dryer are investigated. Recommendations for their intensification and control system improvement are given.
Influence of position of A-hoe blades of sowing machines on their wear
Authors: Solovyev S. A , Kozarez I. V , Feskov S. A
Published: April 2022

It is shown that owing to unevenness of wear of hoe blades located in different places of a frame, as well as to low relative service life and to inability to meet agrotechnical standards, the renewal of operational capability of the unit demands the complete replacement of hoe blades.
Study of influence of layer-by-layer blowdown on the efficiency and environmental friendliness of two-stroke engine
Authors: Karasev V. A , Sokolov I. L , Kuklin V. N , Khapskiy A. V , Kulikov R. A
Published: April 2022

The article studies the various design diagrams of two-stroke engines allowing to improve significantly their efficiency and to reduce the pollutant emissions.
Parameter optimization of a modular diesel exhaust converter for automotive equipment
Authors: Chernetsov D. A , Kapustin V. P
Published: April 2022

The article presents the main factors influencing on fuel efficiency of diesel engines. Parameter optimization of a modular diesel exhaust converter has been carried out.
On the selection of parameters of double-flow hydromechanical transmission for industrial and forestry tractors
Authors: Sharipov V. M , Kotiev G. O , Shchetinin Yu. S , Vyaznikov M. V , Gaev S. V , Rozenoer M. G
Published: April 2022

Double-flow hydromechanical transmissions are widely used in industrial and forestry tractors. The main advantage of such transmission is the higher value of the maximum efficiency coefficient in comparison with the single-flow one. The article presents a method of selection of parameters of such transmissions for industrial and forestry tractors. In this case, it considers the hydromechanical transmission with a differential unit at the input and at the output. Three-link differential devices with mixed type of gear engagement are used as the differential unit. All of the twelve possible schemes of double-flow hydrodynamical transmissions are considered. It is shown that double-flow hydrodynamical transmission has an operation mode when the torque converter turbine is rotating counter to the rotation of pump wheel. This factor is taken into account during the selection of parameters of double-flow hydrodynamical transmission. The article describes the method of construction of external characteristic of the transmission and matching of its load characteristic with the full-load curve of diesel engine. The matching is performed by three ways: the selection of required value of active diameter of torque converter; the selection of reduction ratio of matching gear; the selection of characteristic of planetary gear set. It is found that for the most common scheme of double-flow hydromechanical transmission when the characteristic of planetary gear set is reduced, its maximum efficiency coefficient is increased, the active diameter of torque converter is reduced and the relative rotation frequency of satellite gears of three-link differential device is increased. In this case, the rotation frequency of satellite gears limits the minimum value of characteristic of planetary gear set. Increasing of characteristic of planetary gear set leads to the reducing of transparency of the hydromechanical transmission and to increasing of its transformation ratio. It is shown that the double-flow hydromechanical transmission allows to utilize more fully the converting properties of engine in comparison with the single-flow one; it allows to change the torque value if external engine load is changing, that is very important for industrial and forestry tractors.
Influence of particulate filler from waste fractions of abrasive wheels on wear-out rate of composites based on epoxy
Authors: Mikhal'chenkov A. M , Biryulina Ya. Yu , Mikhal'chenkova M. A
Published: April 2022

In spite of wide use of the polymer adhesive composite disperse materials in various industries, they aren’t in demand as materials for the restoration and strengthening of the friction surfaces of parts of tillage machines. The reason lies in the obscurity of their tribotechnical properties. First of all, these materials include the composites based on epoxy components filled with waste fractions of abrasive wheels. Therefore, the wear pattern during the testing time, as well as the effect of testing time on wear-out rate of the composite and of epoxy composition without filler have been investigated. The studies were of comparative nature and were carried out using an individual method. The content of this method is testing of 16 samples simultaneously in the same conditions at any time of the experiment. The epoxy composition (100 weight parts of ED-20 epoxy and 7 weight parts of hardener) and the composite comprising such epoxy composition and abrasive waste fractions of grinding wheels in the ratio of 30% to 70% respectively have been studied. The results of the experiments show that the dependence of wear and wear-out rate on testing time has a classic nature, identified previously in number of studies. The presence of dispersive component in composite in the form of waste fractions of abrasive wheels has a positive effect on reducing of its wear-out rate. It is established that the wear-out rate of composite is 1.5 times less than the wear-out rate of epoxy composition without filler, providing thereby the possibility of its use as an abrasion-resistant repair material for restoration of parts.
Quality of agricultural machinery and control of its manufacture and repair
Authors: Leonov O. A , Bondareva G. I , Shkaruba N. Zh , Vergazova Yu. G
Published: April 2022

The article considers the factors influencing on the quality of manufacture and repair of agricultural machinery from the perspective of application of one of the newest methods of the quality analysis known as Principle of 5 M - men, methods, materials, machines, measures. It is defined that in all five indices the domestic agricultural machinery considerably lags behind the foreign one. The main reasons are the use of cheap raw materials, the lack of modern processing equipment with high precision, the lack of highly skilled and highly paid workers, the designing of machines by means of archaic methods, the small degree of information support on modern technologies and specifics of branch machinery, especially internationally. The role of control in formation of quality of manufacture and repair of agricultural machinery is highlighted. The purchasing manager of a large repair enterprise has to provide in the contract for delivery of incoming production the conditions on the presence of a defined limit of defects with selective check of incoming consignment. For a small enterprise, there is the simple recommendation to take a technical documentation and instruments of control along when going on a warehouse for spares, and to buy only good products of manufacturer or well-established similar products. The main objectives of metrological service in repair enterprises are defined. Modern metrological provision during machine repair is the system ensuring the quality of control that includes: the strict ensuring unity of measurements; the choice of critical control points, which are subject to rigid control; the feasibility study of choice of measuring instruments by criteria of minimization of costs and losses for controlled products; the regular actions on adjustment of measuring instruments, the tests and control during maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery.
Experience and prospects of application of double-drum rotary tillage tools
Authors: Zvolinskiy V. N , Mosyakov M. A , Semichev S. V
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to finding ways to improve the crumbling of soil layer by rotary rippers through the use of double-drum schemes providing kinematic connection of drums.
Role of soil bin in studies of processes in the “working organ - soil” system
Authors: Zvolinskiy V. N , Mosyakov M. A , Nikolayenko N. Yu
Published: April 2022

Development of new equipment in laboratory conditions of soil bins will facilitate the registration of changing factors of research, will allow to use the processes modeling through constructing 3D models of machines, will provide the faithful reproduction of real conditions and the convenience for performing of all-season and continuous bench tests. As a result, it will speed up the creating of new machines.
Air flow distribution in excessive seeds dumping zone of a pneumatic sowing device of overpressure
Authors: Popov A. Yu
Published: April 2022

The article describes a computer model of air flow distribution in the seed chamber of pneumatic sowing device of overpressure. It presents the initial and boundary conditions of calculation of the model. Diagrams of distribution of air flow speed in excessive seeds dumping zone have been constructed. Influence of seeding plate protuberances’ form on the air flow distribution has been determined.
Aggregating of component modules of the KZR-10 (КЗР-10) grain-harvesting machine with multipurpose power vehicle
Authors: Dmitrenko A. I , Bur'yanov A. I
Published: April 2022

In agriculture of European countries new grain-harvesting machines of higher technical level, namely module-construction aggregates based on multipurpose power vehicles and replaceable harvesting modules are designed and used. These aggregates have some disadvantages and need to be improved. The object of the research is to determine the direction of improving of methods for aggregating of component modules of series-manufactured grain-harvesting machine KZR-10 (КЗР-10) with its chassis. It is supposed that the aggregating of such modules with the chassis is reasonable in the case of supplying of harvested product to thrashing and separating device of the machine, and its further cleaning in grain cart. It is possible when improving the layout diagram of chassis of multipurpose power vehicle and aggregating of component modules with it. In proposed variant of aggregating, the chassis of multipurpose power vehicle has running wheels with equal diameter and undermount power unit between them. The driving cab is adapted to quickly moving on the chassis in traversal and vertical directions. Main module of machine, the thrashing and separating device is mounted on the top of chassis by means of proper mechanism. The rotor of thrashing and separating device is located along longitudinal axis of chassis and combines thrashing and longitudinal direct-flow travel of thrashed heap, and its transfer to grain cart. The header of harvesting module is mounted on the chassis of multipurpose power vehicle by means of the feed elevator matching with thrashing and separating device. The indices of aggregating of component modules of grain-harvesting machine with chassis of multipurpose power vehicle are determined by calculations. They confirm that new aggregating scheme is appropriate. Such aggregating allows to reduce the load coefficient of carrying wheels of chassis of multipurpose power vehicle and to increase the load coefficient of driven wheels and controllability of chassis according to Russia's existing safety standard.
Mathematical model of force lubrication systems of agricultural machinery and equipment
Authors: Malomyzhev O. L , Fedotova N. E , Medvedeva I. S , Prokop'ev I. S
Published: April 2022

The service life of engines and transmissions of agricultural machinery and equipment depends on wear intensity of their interacting parts (friction units). In its turn, the wear intensity of friction units is determined by friction losses and heat liberation in them. Optimization of operation of interacting parts and extension of their service life are provided by supply of rational amount of lubricant. Existing calculation methods of oil supply systems are based on the determination of volumetric flows. It is known that in engines, transmissions and hydraulic drives of agricultural machines, the oil is saturated with gas bubbles and gets the physical and chemical properties that differ from the properties of pure oil. That has significant influence on friction losses and heat liberation and causes more intense wear. On the base of the developed mathematical models, the impact of gas bubbles contained in oil on its physical properties (density, viscosity) has been analyzed. The lubrication systems of engines and transmissions of agricultural machinery have been analyzed, their parameters have been determined, including the types of channels of force lubrication systems which significantly influence on the formation of two-phase gas-oil medium. The article proposes the computational dependencies of motion of two-phase gas-oil mixture through the channels of force lubrication systems, which allow to determine rational parameters of channels at the stage of machinery design. That allows to ensure the supply of necessary amount of lubricant for minimization of friction losses, maintaining the required thermal regime of parts and minimization of their wear. Application of suggested mathematical model will allow to decrease the amount of life tests.
Determination of diameter of a cutter drum with two-step F-shaped knives
Authors: Makhmutov M. M , Khismatullina Yu. R , Tepikin A. I , Bykovskiy S. V , Dzhabbarov A. K , Alimov A. S , Makhmutov M. M
Published: April 2022

The article considers the influence of pitch of sole of a cutter with two-step F-shaped knives on the diameter of cutter drum.
Analysis of contemporary methods of service life extension for parts of cars and agricultural machines
Authors: Kotlyarov A. Yu , Kutovoy S. S , Yefremov V. V
Published: April 2022

The article describes the problem of selection of method and conditions of recovered surfaces grinding for increase of accuracy of parts’ geometric parameters.
Grain loss sensor for pneumatic separation systems of grain-cleaning machines
Authors: Zholobov N. V , Maishev K. V
Published: April 2022

One of the reasons of poor effectiveness of machines for postharvest grain handling is the difficulty of optimal modes setting under constantly changing input actions. Using of hardware check and technological process control instead of manual adjustment will reduce the costs and improve the quality of postharvest grain handling. A grain loss sensor for device of parameter checkout of technological process of pneumatic systems of grain-cleaning machines is developed. Its operation is based on the analysis of parameters of sound pressure signal, that arises when grains blowing together with impurities are hitting against a wall of settling chamber. The sensor design is developed on the basis of Soho T-1 low-cost piezometric transducer. The sensor is located on the outer side of a wall against which grains are hitting, and lies outside the air stream carrying the impurities and dust. Therefore, the reliability of the sensor increases, and the air stream structure in pneumatic separation system remains steady. The parameters of sound signal arising when grains are hitting against a wall of settling chamber are determined. The researches were conducted with the grains of wheat, rye, oats and barley; the grain moisture content was varied within the range from 12.6 to 35%. The dependencies between the parameters of sound signal arising when grains are hitting against a wall of settling chamber and the grain loss level have been obtained. The operational capability of the sensor was tested on an experimental model of pneumatic separator installed on postharvest grain handling line. The sensor can be adapted for operation in other pneumatic systems of grain-cleaning machines.
Determination of quality of cultivation by means of soil spiker
Authors: Kovalev M. M , Sheychenko V. A , Shevchuk V. V , Fadeev V. G
Published: April 2022

Studies are carried out with the purpose of increase of soil cultivation quality through the improvement of technological process and design of a soil spiker with variable wedge angle of needles. When rotary needle working organs influence the soil, the following processes take place: the partial soil casting back and aside, soil layer hoeing, clods crumbling, plant remains burial and their extraction from soil, weed destruction and leveling of microrelief roughness. Quality indicators of performance of soil cultivation process by means of experimental section of soil spiker are determined. Investigations of soil cultivation process by means of experimental and serial sections of soil spiker are carried out on an experimental unit. Experimental section contains a disk with needles having the wedge angle of 9 and 5 degrees. The section of universal multifunction 5.4 beet hoe is used as a serial one. The soil samples are obtained in soil layers at a depth of 0-5; 5-10 and 10-20 cm. Soil quality indicators are determined according to state standards of the Ukraine 11465-2001 «The quality of the soil. Determination of dry matter and mass humidity» and 11272-2001 «The quality of the soil. Determination of density of structure on dry weight». The experiments are conducted in three replications. Following quality indicators of soil loosening by means of soil spiker are established as results of the studies: the cutting (destruction) of weeds in treatment area is 98.5%; the content of fractions of size up to 25 mm for needles with wedge angle of 5 degrees is 88.2%, for needles with wedge angle of 7 degrees - 90.5%, for needles with wedge angle of 9 degrees - 93.5%.
Specific speed and overall dimensions in calculation and selection of transverse fans
Authors: Sychugov N. P
Published: April 2022

When calculating, designing and selecting the fans, along with the similarity theory and dimensional analysis, the criteria of specific speed and overall dimensions are used, which allow to study a great number of aerodynamic configurations and characteristics of highly efficient fan prototypes and at the same time to choose the configuration which meets technical requirements most completely. The criteria of specific speed and overall dimensions are properly elaborated and used when designing and calculating radial and axial fans, but not suitable for the transverse fans, because in their flowing part the air flow is not three-dimensional but two-dimensional, and consequently there is an additional independent parameter in calculation, namely the usable width. Based on the main correlations of transverse fans’ parameters (the propeller diameter and its rotation frequency, the usable width of flowing part) and moving air density, dimensionless and dimensional criteria of specific speed and overall dimensions for these air flow generators are derived. On the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, the cause-and-effect laws allowing to determine the criteria of specific speed and overall dimensions for transverse fans are revealed. Graphical interpretation of rational values areas of these criteria is shown, and calculations are performed. According to the known values of criteria of specific speed and overall dimensions, the examples of calculations for transverse fans using the dimensionless aerodynamic configurations and characteristics of highly efficient fan prototypes are given. The calculations are supplied with graphical interpretation.
Efficiency evaluation of machine and tractor fleet based on multipurpose power vehicles with sets of replaceable modules in conditions of the South of Russia
Authors: Bur'yanov A. I , Dmitrenko A. I , Goryachev Yu. O
Published: April 2022

In recent years, some foreign companies pay special attention to development and creation of multipurpose power vehicles supplied with sets of replaceable technology adapters. The North Caucasus Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Electrification in cooperation with Gomselmash presented a constructive layout diagram of multipurpose power vehicle. Its principal differences are the replacement of technology adapters by means of mechanism mounted on power vehicle, and the possibility of straight-flow moving of processed material in harvesting modules. The efficiency of multipurpose power vehicle is straightly correlated with its annual utilization, that depends on natural-climatic conditions defining the structure of crop areas, the technologies and the period of operations. The efficiency of multipurpose power vehicle according to state standard is evaluated by application to the conditions of typical farm. The research objective is the technical and economic evaluation of functioning of machine and tractor fleets formed with production machines in basic version, and with production machines and multipurpose power vehicles developed for the subzones of regions of the South of Russia - in new version. Evaluation is made with the use of a developed mathematical model of optimization of technological complexes and machine and tractor fleets in general. The introduction into machine and tractor fleet of multipurpose power vehicles with complexes of replaceable modules meant for subzones of regions of the South of Russia will allow to reduce the operational costs of entire set of works of field crop cultivation by 12.4-20.6% and the cost of machine fleet by 17.5-29%; reduce the relative energy consumption that accounts for 100 hectares by 28.3-38.1% and the relative material consumption by 16.5-33.4%; increase the net present value by 31.8-246%. For reducing the costs of fuel and lubrication materials, the ballasting of chassis during energy-intensive works and use of variable-power engine are proposed.
Study and calculation of soil compaction during operation and after stopping of a wheeled tractor
Authors: Zolotarevskaya D. I
Published: April 2022

Based on the results of theoretical studies and field tests, the mathematical modeling is performed for the processes of soil deformation and compaction during operation and after stopping of a wheeled tractor. The purpose of the study is to develop the earlier proposed calculating method of stress-strain state and soil compaction indicators during the operation of tractor and under soil creep after its stopping. The novelty of the paper consists in the fact that calculations are performed taking into account the viscoelastic properties of soil and changes of its density depending on time and on depth of deformable layer. The impact of soil load taking into account the viscoelastic properties of soil is described by a differential equation of first order connecting the compressive stresses, the rate of their change and relative deformations of compression. Viscoelastic properties of sward-podzolic light loamy soil revealed in field tests are considered. Soil density is variable by depth of its top deformable layer. Following the results of statistical processing of experimental data, the dependence of soil density on its depth before the impact of external loads is admitted as quadratic one. Computer experiments are performed; they revealed the indicators allowing to estimate quantitatively the changes of soil deformations, stresses and density during the operation of tractor and under soil creep after its stopping. Correlation dependencies of these indicators on the time, soil density and moisture, and on the speed of initial soil deformation are obtained. The proposed calculation method allows to find the above mentioned indicators for different depths of deformable soil layer, and also the stabilization time of soil deformation.
Efficiency of technology of grain harvesting by means of combine stripping
Authors: Bur'yanov A. I , Goryachev Yu. O , Bur'yanov M. A
Published: April 2022

Grain harvesting on most farms in Russia lasts up to 25-30 days, because of the deficit of combines; that results to 30% harvest losses. With introduction of technology of grain harvesting by means of combine stripping, the performance of harvesting units is increased by 1.5-2 times, which allows to cut down the harvesting duration and to reduce the fuel consumption by 35-45%. But grain losses after passing of harvesting units are increased and the haulm stand appears on field, which stimulates moisture accumulation. Additional operation for haulm stand treatment is required, such as disk harrowing or chopping and spreading on field. According to the state standard no. 53056-2008, the efficiency of mechanized technologies and machine complexes is defined during formation of optimal structure of machine and tractor fleet for a typical farm, on the criteria of minimum of total costs. The paper deals with efficiency evaluation of technology of grain harvesting by means of combine stripping and of a traditional technology through comparing the total costs of work performance by means of optimal machine and tractor fleets of a typical farm. For that, earlier designed mathematical model and algorithm-program complex are improved. Investigations are performed on the example of a typical farm of the south of Rostov region with 5000 hectares of cultivated area. According to their results, it is found that for such farm the total costs are 31 499 thousands rubles in case of grain harvesting by means of stripping with duration of 10 days, and 35 325 thousands rubles in case of traditional technology with duration of 13 days.