bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systematic Evaluation of the Mechanisms of Mulberry Leaf (Morus alba Linne) Acting on Diabetes Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wu Qiguo , Hu Yeqing
Published: September 2020

Background:

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine metabolic disorder-
related diseases. The application of herbal medicine to control glucose levels and improve insulin
action might be a useful approach in the treatment of diabetes. Mulberry leaves (ML) have
been reported to exert important activities of anti-diabetic.

Objective:

In this work, we aimed to explore the multi-targets and multi-pathways regulatory
molecular mechanism of Mulberry leaves (ML, Morus alba Linne) acting on diabetes.

Methods:

Identification of active compounds of Mulberry leaves using Traditional Chinese
Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was carried out. Bioactive components were
screened by FAF-Drugs4 website (Free ADME-Tox Filtering Tool). The targets of bioactive components
were predicted from SwissTargetPrediction website, and the diabetes related targets were
screened from GeneCards database. The common targets of ML and diabetes were used for Gene
Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis. The visualization networks were constructed by
Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. The biological networks were constructed to analyze the mechanisms as
follows: (1) compound-target network; (2) common target-compound network; (3) common targets
protein interaction network; (4) compound-diabetes protein-protein interactions (ppi) network; (5)
target-pathway network; and (6) compound-target-pathway network. At last, the prediction results
of network pharmacology were verified by molecular docking method.

Results:

17 active components were obtained by TCMSP database and FAF-Drugs4 website. 51 potential
targets (11 common targets and 40 associated indirect targets) were obtained and used to
build the PPI network by the String database. Furthermore, the potential targets were used for GO
and pathway enrichment analysis. Eight key active compounds (quercetin, Iristectorigenin A, 4-
Prenylresveratrol, Moracin H, Moracin C, Isoramanone, Moracin E and Moracin D) and 8 key targets
(AKT1, IGF1R, EIF2AK3, PPARG, AGTR1, PPARA, PTPN1 and PIK3R1) were obtained to
play major roles in Mulberry leaf acting on diabetes. And the signal pathways involved in the mechanisms
mainly include AMPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, mTOR signaling
pathway, insulin signaling pathway and insulin resistance. The molecular docking results show that
the 8 key active compounds have good affinity with the key target of AKT1, and the 5 key targets
(IGF1R, EIF2AK3, PPARG, PPARA and PTPN1) have better affinity than AKT1 with the key
compound of quercetin.

Conclusion:

Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking, this study provided an important
systematic and visualized basis for further understanding of the synergy mechanism of ML
acting on diabetes.
A Potential MRI Agent and an Anticancer Drug Encapsulated within CPMV Virus-Like Particles
Authors: Aljabali Alaa A.A. , Alzoubi Lorca , Hamzat Yassmen , Alqudah Alaa , Obeid Mohammad A. , Al Zoubi Mazhar S. , Ennab Raed M. , Alshaer Walhan , Albatayneh Khaled , Al-Trad Bahaa , Alqudah Dana A. , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Gupta Gaurav , Tambuwala Murtaza M. , Kamal Dua , Evans David J.
Published: September 2020

Background:

Virus nanoparticles have been extensively studied over the past decades
for theranostics applications. Viruses are well-characterized, naturally occurring nanoparticles that
can be produced in high quantity with a high degree of similarity in both structure and composition.

Objectives:

The plant virus Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) has been innovatively used as a nanoscaffold.
Utilization of the internal cavity of empty Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) for the inclusion of
therapeutics within the capsid has opened many opportunities in drug delivery and imaging applications.

Methods:

The encapsidation of magnetic materials and anticancer drugs was achieved. SuperscriptCPMV
denotes molecules attached to the external surface of CPMV and CPMVSubscript denotes
molecules within the interior of the capsid.

Results:

Here, the generation of novel VLPs incorporating iron-platinum nanoparticles TCPMVFePt
and cisplatin (Cis) (TCPMVCis) is reported. TCPMVCis exhibited a cytotoxic IC50 of TCPMVCis on
both A549 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines of 1.8 μM and 3.9 μM, respectively after 72 hours of incubation.
The TCPMVFePt were prepared as potential MRI contrast agents.

Conclusions:

Cisplatin loaded VLP (TCPMVCis) is shown to enhance cisplatin cytotoxicity in cancer
cell lines with its potency increased by 2.3-folds.
Pavement Pothole Detection Based on Cascade and Fusion Convolutional
Neural Network Using 2D Images under Complex Pavement Conditions
Authors: Guoqiang Chen , Bingxin Bai , Huailong Yi
Published: September 2020

Background:

Background: The development of deep learning technology has promoted the industrial intelligence, and
automatic driving vehicles have become a hot research direction. As to the problem that pavement potholes threaten the
safety of automatic driving vehicles, the pothole detection under complex environment conditions is studied.

Objective:

The goal of the work is to propose a new model of pavement pothole detection based on convolutional neural
network. The main contribution is that the Multi-level Feature Fusion Block and the Detector Cascading Block are
designed and a series of detectors are cascaded together to improve the detection accuracy of the proposed model.

Methods:

A pothole detection model is designed based on the original object detection model. In the study, the Transfer
Connection Block in the Object Detection Module is removed and the Multi-level Feature Fusion Block is redesigned. At
the same time, a Detector Cascading Block with multi-step detection is designed. Detectors are connected directly to the
feature map and cascaded. In addition, the structure skips the transformation step.

Results:

The proposed method can be used to detect potholes efficiently. The real-time and accuracy of the model are
improved after adjusting the network parameters and redesigning the model structure. The maximum detection accuracy
of the proposed model is 75.24%.

Conclusion:

The Multi-level Feature Fusion Block designed enhances the fusion of high and low layer feature
information and is conducive to extracting a large amount of target information. The Detector Cascade Block is a detector
with cascade structure, which can realize more accurate prediction of the object. In a word, the model designed has greatly
improved the detection accuracy and speed, which lays a solid foundation for pavement pothole detection under complex
environmental conditions.
A Review: Medicinally Important Nitrogen Sulphur Containing Heterocycles
Authors: Sharma Praveen K. , Amin Andleeb , Kumar M.
Published: September 2020

Nitrogen sulphur containing heterocycles have specific properties due to which they can be used as a potential material in a different type of industries such as medicinal/pharmaceutical, paint, packing and textile, required for various chemical, physical operations and their use as products. Especially dyes, paint, agrochemicals, medicine, etc. make them more significant. In present days, Nitrogen-Sulfur heterocycles are repeatedly attracting the interest of chemists due to their exceptional bioactive behavior. The present study is a review of the work carried out by a chemist in the discovery of new, effective, medicinally important heterocyclic compounds. The present review basically focused on nitrogen-sulfur heterocycles of potential therapeutic interest, especially with thiazole, thiazine, pyrimidine, morpholine and piperazine heterosystems, benzothiazines, pyrazole-benzothiazines, morpholine-benzothiazines, piperazine-benzothiazines and pyrimidine-benzothiazoles, mainly due to their unique structural features, which enable them to exhibit a number of biological and pharmacological activities. Due to a novel mode of action, a broad spectrum of activity, lesser toxicity towards mammalian cells, and suitable profiles towards humans have triggered the use of Nitrogen Sulphur containing heterocycles in designing and synthesizing their derivatives with better properties. The overall objective of the review is to discuss the importance of novel biodynamic structurally diverse heterocycles of potential therapeutic interest: pyrimidine, morpholine, piperazine, pyrozole, benothiazoles, pyrimidobenzothiazoles, 4H-1,4-benzothiazines, pyrazolyl-benzothiazines, morpholinyl-benzothiazines and piperazinylbenzothiazines in order to have access to important commercial molecules for the search of better future.
Synthetic Methods of Medicinally Important Heterocycles-thiazines: A Review
Authors: Sharma Praveen Kumar , Amin Andleeb , Kumar M.
Published: September 2020

Heterocyclic compounds containing N and S atoms have unique properties so that they can be used as potential reactive materials in pharmacokinetic systems. In medicinal chemistry, the therapeutic applications of nitrogen sulphur heterocycles are well known. Especially, Thiazines attract the attention of chemists due to their great bioactive behavior. The present study is a review of the work carried out by the research community for the synthesis of novel, effective, medicinally important heterocyclic compounds-thiazines.
Inhibition of Verticillium Dahliae and Rhizoctonia Solani Growth by Solid Phosphate Sludge Amendments
Authors: Baiz Zakaria , Dahmani Jamila , Gaboun Fatima , Elguilli Mohammed
Published: September 2020

Background:

In Morocco, phosphate processing generates large quantities of sludge which amass, form fillings, reduce arable land and distort the landscape. Phosphate wash sludge is rich in mineral elements. In order to recover some of these mineral elements including phosphorus, we considered using this sludge in a nursery as a substrate.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to check the effect of solid phosphate sludge amendment on some of the main soil-borne pathogens: Verticillium dahliae Kleb. and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn.

Materials and Methods:

The pathogens have been isolated and identified in the laboratory of Plant Pathology and Postharvest Quality of INRA-Kenitra. Phosphate wash sludge used was originated from the Khouribga phosphate treatment sludge disposal site. Different concentrations of phosphate sludge (0, 10, 30, 50, and 100 g/l) were tested on a PDA-based medium, in three replicates. The inhibitory effects on mycelial growth were measured and compared with those on the soil used by nurseries (Maamora forest soil). Petri dishes with PDA alone were used as control. The same concentrations (10, 30, 50 and 100 g/kg) were tested in vivo on two varieties of tomato and on Faba Faba bean for Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani, respectively.

Results:

The results of this study showed that there was significant growth inhibition at different concentrations of solid Phosphate sludge amendments in vitro. The highest inhibition percentage was observed at 100 g/l of phosphate sludge amendments with 42% and 75% for Verticillium dahliae and Rhizoctonia solani. The high concentrations of phosphate sludge have shown lower disease severity of Verticillium dahliae on the tomato plants and a disease index of Rhizoctonia solani on the Faba bean plants.

Conclusion:

Based on these results, we can recommend that solid phosphate sludge can be used or mixed with other substrates in nurseries.
OPPORTUNITIES OF TOURISM RELATED SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: IN SPECIAL REFERENCE TO VARANASI
Authors: Nigam Abhishek Kumar , Jaiswal Akriti , Kumar Vivek
Published: September 2020

Small Scale Industries play a crucial role in the development of any country and contributes significantly in the economic development of the country. In a developing country like India where large scale industries are restricted to a few hands, Small Scale Industries play a vital role in the development of the country by providing employment, innovation and improving the standard of living of the people. By focusing on the different dimensions and identifying new dimensions of SSI in India, we can boost up the economic growth of the country as a whole. Tourism on the other hand is an important factor and contributor in the income of a country and its state. India is rich in cultural heritage and the huge diversity of India consisting of cultural believes and tourist places that attract a large number of national and international tourists across the globe every year. This gives birth to some new businesses in that state, provides numerous employment avenues, brings in foreign currencies as well as contributes in the total exports of the country. This paper deals with studying the prospective growth and opportunities of Small Scale Industries related to the tourism sector and identifying and suggesting measures to the issues that are being faced by such industries which are already prevailing in the market with special reference to Varanasi district.
Выращивание объемных кристаллов оксида галлия из расплава методом Чохральского в кислородсодержащей атмосфере
Authors: Закгейм Д.А. , Панов Д.Ю. , Спиридонов В.А. , Кремлева А.В. , Смирнов А.М. , Бауман Д.А. , Романов А.Е. , Одноблюдов М.А. , Бугров В.Е.
Published: September 2020

This paper reports on successful experiments in growing beta-gallium oxide crystals using the Czochralski method. The influence of growth atmosphere composition on crystal quality of the material was studied. It is shown that to obtain high quality optically transparent crystals it is necessary to have about 5 vol.% oxygen in the growth atmosphere. X-ray structural analysis and investigation of optical transmission spectra of grown crystals are carried out.
Berpikir Komputasi Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Cahdriyana Rima Aksen , Richardo Rino
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan studi tentang proses berpikir komputasi pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan. Data yang diperoleh adalah publikasi artikel penelitian dalam jurnal ilmiah. Analisis data mencakup tiga tahap: mengatur, mensintesis, dan mengidentifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa matematika adalah pelajaran yang dapat memperkenalkan dan mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir komputasi kepada siswa.
The Resurgence of Cyber Racism During the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Aftereffects: Analysis of Sentiments and Emotions in Tweets
Authors: Dubey Akash Dutt
Published: September 2020

Background

With increasing numbers of patients with COVID-19 globally, China and the World Health Organization have been blamed by some for the spread of this disease. Consequently, instances of racism and hateful acts have been reported around the world. When US President Donald Trump used the term “Chinese Virus,” this issue gained momentum, and ethnic Asians are now being targeted. The online situation looks similar, with increases in hateful comments and posts.

Objective

The aim of this paper is to analyze the increasing instances of cyber racism during the COVID-19 pandemic, by assessing emotions and sentiments associated with tweets on Twitter.

Methods

In total, 16,000 tweets from April 11-16, 2020, were analyzed to determine their associated sentiments and emotions. Statistical analysis was carried out using R. Twitter API and the sentimentr package were used to collect tweets and then evaluate their sentiments, respectively. This research analyzed the emotions and sentiments associated with terms like “Chinese Virus,” “Wuhan Virus,” and “Chinese Corona Virus.”

Results

The results suggest that the majority of the analyzed tweets were of negative sentiment and carried emotions of fear, sadness, anger, and disgust. There was a high usage of slurs and profane words. In addition, terms like “China Lied People Died,” “Wuhan Health Organization,” “Kung Flu,” “China Must Pay,” and “CCP is Terrorist” were frequently used in these tweets.

Conclusions

This study provides insight into the rise in cyber racism seen on Twitter. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that a substantial number of users are tweeting with mostly negative sentiments toward ethnic Asians, China, and the World Health Organization.
Strategic Optimization of Public Opinion Management in Universities under Change of Network Public Opinion Ecosystem
Authors: Jingjing Shui
Published: September 2020

The current breakthroughs in Internet big data and AI technologies have accelerated the fission-like dissemination of public opinion on the Internet, providing both opportunities and challenges for university governance. Universities should adapt to the new situation of the ecological change of public opinion with subject, object, carrier and environment as the elements, and optimize the public opinion management mechanism of universities from five levels: building a management system of network public opinion, strengthening the guidance mode of public opinion, promoting the operation of campus new media matrix, paying attention to the education of students’ network media literacy, and focusing on the construction of  open internal and external communication platform, purifying the network space, maintaining the image of universities, and creating a Double First-class construction of universities and necessary ecology.
The Legality of Small Arms Production
Authors: Piccini Nicola
Published: September 2020

Officially, international control of small arms and light weapons (SALW) has made considerable advancements in recent years, most notably in the form of the 2014 Arms Trade Treaty (ATT). Nonetheless, important systemic and structural deficiencies seem to persist, which prevent these control mechanisms from achieving their intended purpose. In an attempt to find an explanation for these shortcomings, this article traces back previous attempts aimed at combatting the illicit proliferation of SALW, by emphasising both their unbowed demand and the trade’s continuous commercial viability. The example of Bulgarian-made AK-47 machineguns underlines the picture of a system intentionally failing to prevent the weapons’ profitable export. It concludes that following the rise of globalisation, the privatisation of SALW manufacturing industries appears to have become the biggest impediment to effective control. Subsequently, it is argued that most anti-proliferation treaties are deliberately limited to a priori insufficient trade restrictions, as they lack any pre-emptive measures that target these weapons’ mass production in the first place. Once produced, SALW will find a buyer – no matter the existence of trade restrictions.
Trust Through Intelligence?
Authors: Summers Jamie
Published: September 2020

It would be understandable to view community policing and counter-terrorism policing as two distinct concepts which are intrinsically situated at opposites poles in the world of policing. While one invokes cultures such as transparency, public engagement and visibility, the other is traditionally considered as a series of clandestine operations more akin to the intelligence-led policing model. This paper will argue that the two policing strategies are in fact compatible. With a shift in the nature of terrorism itself apparent, the contemporary lone wolf attacker is not only a deadly threat, but one which is incredibly difficult to detect using methods such as background checks and covert investigation. This is due to a lack of communication and/or physical ties between attackers, a high level of isolation stemming from affinity to extremist ideologies, combined with self-struggle and anger. In order to combat prospective attacks, effective preventative measures must be implemented in both geographical and social spaces. Such measures warrant the implementation of community policing philosophies which can help establish trust and promote co-operation, leading to accurate, reliable community intelligence, as well as reassurance and security for the members of the community itself.
Men at work: Grinding stone production by the experts and others in northern Ethiopia
Authors: Nixon-Darcus Laurie , Meresa Yemane
Published: September 2020

It is necessary to access the oral forms of local histories often held in traditional African communities to help us understand the African past and avoid framing interpretations solely in terms of Western epistemologies. Ethnoarchaeological fieldwork was carried out in villages in the Gulo Makeda region of northeastern Tigrai, northern Ethiopia, where access to mechanical mills has only been available in the last few decades. Individuals in this area still have knowledge and memory of manufacturing, using and discarding grinding stones. Interviews were held with male advisors who shared their knowledge and expertise about the entire process of manufacturing grinding stones. To move beyond understanding just the technical aspects of grinding stone manufacturing (what and how), the theory and methods associated with the chaîne opératoire and design theory were incorporated into the research to allow discovery of intricate socio-economic interrelationships (how and why) that exist through grinding manufacture within this culture. Manufacturing offers opportunities for socialization, cooperation and community engagement.

Through ethnoarchaeology it became clear that the manufacturing of grinding stones in northeastern Tigrai is a complex process requiring design decisions, skills, knowledge, and social interaction that builds interpersonal relationships. By arranging two separate manufacturing sessions, one with experts and one with non-experts, comparisons were made of technological and social differences between experts and non-experts. The individuals who are experts in manufacturing grinding stones made higher quality grinding stones than the non-experts. The experts are also afforded a special respect by others, as they are the creators of the technology “necessary for life” in a culture traditionally dependent on cereal flours for sustenance. Potentially this respect for experts could be true for the past as well. Since the grinding stone artifacts from Mezber are large stones, likely meant to produce significant amounts of flour, they would have been important to daily life. Those who manufactured these tools important for subsistence would likely have been considered important individuals in the community.
A semi-analytical method applied to turbocharger engine model
Authors: Nave OPhir
Published: September 2020

In this study, we apply a new version of the Homotopy Analysis Method called decomposition of the homotopy analysis method (DHAM). The DHAM method is based on the decomposition of the right-hand side of a given system of differential equations into a sum of functions. After the decomposition one can apply the HAM method. The physical model that we investigate in this paper is a complex system of equations that contains nonlinear ordinary differential equations of the first order. The system of equations takes into account the important variables such as the pressure, the temperature, the mass flow, the torque due to the turbine turbocharger, the torque from the compressor, the speed of turbocharger, etc. This system is very complex and cannot be solved analytically. The HAM method includes an artificial small parameter that inserts into the physical model and hence it enables one to apply different asymptotic methods. We compared the results of DHAM and HAM to numerical simulations analyses. We concluded that the DHAM results are closer to the numerical simulation results.
Aprendizaje situado con dispositivos móviles en contextos artísticos: estudio descriptivo con estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Ramón-Verdú Alfredo José , Villalba-Gómez José Víctor
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo muestra los resultados de investigación de un proyecto educativo mediado por dispositivos móviles en dos exposiciones artísticas, con alumnado del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Murcia. La muestra fue de 119 alumnos de tres especialidades. El objetivo fue evaluar una experiencia de innovación docente desde la percepción del alumnado, utilizando una metodología educativa basada en el diálogo mediado. Se realizó la evaluación de la experiencia mediante un test de rendimiento típico de tipo Likert, compuesto por cinco dimensiones: la interacción del alumno con la obra, con el espacio, las personas, los dispositivos móviles y su futura labor profesional. Los resultados evidencian que los valores obtenidos oscilan entre una valoración positiva y muy positiva. Se ha valorado muy satisfactoriamente el uso de dispositivos móviles en contextos artísticos dinámicos, dado que fomentan la participación, la reflexión y la manifestación de opiniones en tiempo real.
Profesores en la era digital: prácticas en la escuela secundaria argentina
Authors: Saez Virginia
Published: September 2020

El contexto de convergencia digital demanda de la escuela nuevas alfabetizaciones. Resulta relevante el análisis de los sentidos otorgados a los medios digitales por los profesores como pilar para movilizar cambios en las estrategias de enseñanza. Esta investigación caracterizó el uso doméstico y pedagógico de la web 2.0 por parte de los profesores, se identificaron las debilidades en la formación y los sentidos que construyen sobre el uso de los medios digitales en el contexto educativo. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo en escuelas secundarias públicas argentinas. Los instrumentos de recolección fueron: observaciones de clase, entrevistas en profundidad y notas de campo. Las dimensiones que contemplan la estrategia de recolección de información son: la identificación, la formación tecnológica, el perfil informático, prácticas pedagógicas y sentidos/percepciones. Tras el análisis del corpus, se concluyó que es necesario fortalecer la educación mediática de los profesores para transformar el uso pedagógico de los medios digitales.
Factors influencing green organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Xiang Ling , Yang Yi-Chun
Published: September 2020

We examined the relationships between green human resource management practices, organizational identification, and green citizenship behaviors in the hotel industry. Our framework comprised 5 dimensions of green human resource management practices: green recruitment, green training,
green performance management, green reward, and green involvement. We predicted that each dimension would positively influence frontline employees' organizational identification, and, in turn, their green organizational citizenship behaviors of eco-initiatives, eco-civic engagement, and eco-helping.
Participants were 426 frontline employees working in Taiwanese hotels. Consistent with our predictions, each of the 5 green human resource management practices had a positive influence on organizational identification, which then positively affected green organizational citizenship behavior.
Moreover, green human resource management practices enhanced employees' green organizational citizenship behavior, and organizational identification was an effective mediator of the relationship between green human resource management practices and green organizational citizenship behavior.
Practical and theoretical implications of the findings are discussed.
Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial behavior among Master of Business Administration students
Authors: Sun Xiaomeng
Published: September 2020

Passion as a central characteristic of entrepreneurs has gained credence in explaining entrepreneurial behaviors, yet there is still a lack of knowledge about the mechanisms that explain the effect of entrepreneurial passion. I extended the growing body of research on the entrepreneurial passion–entrepreneurial behavior relationship by focusing on the mediating role of self-efficacy. To test my hypotheses I used structural equation modeling to analyze data obtained from surveys completed by 307 Master of Business Administration students from 6 Chinese universities. Results show that the effect of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial behavior was fully mediated by self-efficacy. This finding sheds light on the role of self-efficacy in transmitting the impact of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial behavior, providing valuable evidence on how to promote entrepreneurial behavior. Limitations and directions for future research are presented.
Bilingual gatekeepers' experiences of immigrant women's acculturative stress and mental health improvement in Korea: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Choi Yun-Jung
Published: September 2020

Immigrant women married to Korean men usually experience pressure to adapt to Korean family culture, which leads to increased vulnerability to mental health problems. I trained mental health gatekeepers who spoke both Korean and the women's original language to work with such women from Thailand, Vietnam, China, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, and Japan. I explored the gatekeepers' experiences with their clients in focus group interviews, to identify comprehensive perspectives on the provision of services for community mental health practitioners. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, and I identified 17 codes, 8 interpretive codes, and 4 themes (gatekeepers building relationships from heart to heart, soothing hardship by speaking in the same mother tongue, encouraging mental health literacy, and instilling a sense of fulfillment), all of which motivated the core theme of caring for acculturative stress with fulfillment and pride. As cultural affinity plays a key role, more bilingual gatekeepers should be trained and employed to improve community mental health literacy and the effectiveness of multicultural services.
Transforming Rural Family Medicine Curriculum From Experiential to Virtual: A Response to COVID-19 Limitations
Authors: Boulger James G. , Onello Emily
Published: September 2020

Cessation of all classroom and clinical activities in the spring of 2020 for first- and second-year medical students at the University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus both forced and enabled revision of rural medicine instruction and experiences. Creatively utilizing rural family physicians and third-year rural physician associate medical students to interact with first-year students virtually in a number of areas and using electronic connectivity enabled the institution to continue to emphasize rural medical health issues with the students.
Impact of gender and nationality diversity on financial performance: A study of listed banks in Morocco
Authors: Chebri Mhamed , Bahoussa Abdeaziz
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to explore the effect of the diversity of boards on the financial performance of banks. Based on an in-depth analysis of the theoretical and empirical literature, this study aims to examine the impact of gender diversity and the diversity of nationalities on the financial performance of Moroccan banks. To this end, the study uses a set of panel data from all Moroccan banks listed on the stock exchange for the period 2014-2018. The model was estimated by an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression equation , by the time fixed-effects regression model, and then by three-stage least squares (3SLS) regression analysis with time fixed effects to better understand the endogeneity problem variables of the model. The results of the study reveal that gender diversity has a negative and significant effect on the financial performance of listed Moroccan banks measured by both return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), while the national diversity is not significantly related to the financial performance of these banks. Likewise, the interaction between the two measures of diversity has no significant impact on financial performance.
Effects of the light tip position on the degree of conversion and dentin bond strength of a universal adhesive
Authors: Komlenic Vojislav , Miletic Vesna
Published: September 2020

Introduction/Objectives. To measure the degree of conversion (DC), immediate and long-term microshear bond strength (?SBS) to dentin of a universal adhesive relative to the light tip position and adhesive application protocol. Methods. Mid-coronal flat dentin of 48 human third molars was exposed and split in halves. Single Bond Universal (SBU; 3M) adhesive was applied to each half following ?total-etch? (TE) or ?self-etch? (SE) approach. Depending on the light tip (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) angle and distance from adhesive surface, three groups were compared: ?1 mm_90?? (control); ?8 mm_90?? and ?8 mm_60??. Cylindrical composite build-ups (o1.7mm, Filtek Z250, 3M) were prepared in each half. DC was measured using Raman spectroscopy. ?SBS was measured after 24 hours and six months storage in distilled water at 37?C. Fracture types were analyzed. Results. No significant difference in DC was detected between groups ?1 mm_90?? (89.1 ? 6.2%) and ?8 mm_90?? (94.6 ? 1.2%) (p > 0.05), both showing significantly higher DC (p < 0.05) than ?8 mm_60?? group (74.9 ? 9.5%) (p < 0.05). Initially, there were no significant differences in ?SBS between groups (p > 0.05). Group ?1 mm_90?? TE (12.8 ? 4.3 MPa) and group ?8 mm_60?? TE (14.7 ? 5.7 MPa) showed significantly lower ?SBS after aging (8.4 ? 4.3 MPa and 9.2 ? 2.6 MPa, respectively) (p < 0.05). Adhesive fractures were predomintantly detected. Conclusion. Initially, both application protocols resulted in similar bond strength to dentin of a universal adhesive in suboptimal curing conditions. In the long-term, SE showed greater adhesive resistance to degradation resulting in smaller decrease in bond strength compared to TE. Light tip angulation affected DC and ?SBS more than tip-to-surface distance.
Detection of heavy metals using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technique for both horse hair and goat hair
Authors: Emara Elshaimaa M. , Imam Hisham , Song Haiying , Liu Shibing
Published: September 2020

The main purpose of this paper is to use the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique as a fast, noninvasive, and low cost spectro-biochemical analysis laser spectroscopy technique. This study will indicate the qualified performance of LIBS with the proposed optimum conditions as a promising and easy tool for identification, detection, and characterization of trace elements in different hair types. The purpose of the study is to show that due to the pollution of sites and environment by heavy metals being a significant public health risk, various diseases can be caused by these elements. The present work was conducted on various animal hair samples using the LIBS technique to evaluate the body elemental content through a segment of hair. Qualitative analysis was performed on atomic and ionic species of elementals such as Cu, Cd, Fe, Pb, Ni, Mn, Co, and Zn. To determine the quantitative analysis, the relative mass concentration was calculated as the ratio of atoms and ions of the selected elements of the reference element carbon, C, which is considered to be a reference element due to the internal standard matrix. These calculations provided the actual concentration of each element, which can be considered for further work.
Influenza a H1N1. Reporte de caso
Authors: Paez Pesantes Xavier Ulpiano , Sánchez Piedrahita Kira , Bravo Margarita , Arboleda Inés
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de un caso clínico de influenza AH1N1 registrado en el área de cuidados intensivos del hospital de niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde”. Presentacion de caso: lactante mayor, previo sano, con cuadro respiratorio agudo, y severo que requiere ventilación asistida, que evoluciona a SRDA, y complicaciones de la influenza AH1N1 descritas en la literatura internacional, el cual se manejó de acuerdo a protocolos establecidos; sin embargo, su desenlace fue letal. Discusión: la influenza o gripe es una enfermedad de las vías respiratorias, causada por un virus que tiene altos niveles de contagio. Los más importantes son los virus de influenza A, ya que potencialmente pueden provocar epidemias y pandemias. Actualmente se considera un virus circulante a nivel mundial; sin embargo, en la actualidad aún hay casos graves que conllevan a letalidad sobre todo en pacientes de edades extremas y con comorbilidades asociadas. Conclusión: aunque en la actualidad epidemiológicamente no se considera una pandemia, el virus circulante es causante eventualmente de episodios con desenlaces fatales, como el caso antes descrito, por lo cual es importante el conocimiento de su epidemiología, el comportamiento clínico, sus complicaciones, prevención y tratamiento; junto con su manejo bajo protocolos establecidos de acuerdo a la OMS.
Utilización de Barrera Cutánea Convexa en Ileostomía de difícil manejo
Authors: Franco Coffre Joicy Anabel
Published: September 2020

Una ileostomía es una abertura creada en la pared abdominal en la que se toma la porción terminal del íleon para formar un estoma. Al poseer heces líquidas, de salida continua y de ph ácido, se vuelven un desafío para el profesional de salud, paciente y familia alterando su calidad de vida. El siguiente caso tiene como objetivo principal presentar el tratamiento idóneo para manejar estomas de difícil manejo, en esta ocasión un estoma plano que causaba muchas molestias a la paciente por las constantes fugas y pobre adhesión del sistema colector de heces. Motivos por los cuales desarrolló una dermatitis irritativa de extensión importante; para su resolución se sugirió el uso de una barrera cutánea convexa más aplicación de presión externa con el cinturón de ostomías. La convexidad adecuada previene fugas, y por consiguiente mejora la integridad de la piel periestomal .La barrera cutánea convexa aumentó la protrusión del estoma por encima del nivel de la piel circundante, y logró un sellado eficaz para menores cambios del sistema colector.
AGE, GROWTH AND OTOLITH BIOMETRY-BODY LENGTH RELATIONSHIPS OF RED BANDFISH (Cepola macrophthalma L., 1758) IN THE SEA OF MARMARA, TURKEY
Authors: İŞMEN Ali , ARSLAN İHSANOĞLU Mukadder , DABAN İsmail Burak , İNCEOĞLU Haşim
Published: September 2020

The age, growth, and the otolith biometry-total length relationships of Cepola macrophthalma (Linnaeus, 1758) were investigated. The individuals were caught with beam trawl in the Sea of Marmara from March 2012 to June 2014. The individual with 51.5 cm total length sampled in this study was recorded as the new maximum size of C. macrophthalma in the Marmara Sea. The length-weight relationship showed negative allometric growth with a 1.36 b value. Otolith length-otolith weight, otolith width-otolith weight, otolith length-total length, otolith width-total length, otolith length-otolith width and total length-otolith weight relationships were found as OW=0.0002*OL2.6377 (R2=0.91), OW=0.001*OWi2.6215 (R2=0.94), O=0.057*TL+3.2087 (R2=0.57), OWi=0.0316*TL+1.8511 (R2=0.55), OWi=0.527*OL+0.2015 (R2=0.86), OW=0.0004*TL+0.0029 (R2=0.58), respectively. Ages were estimated from 80 otolith readings and the minimum and maximum ages observed were 1 and 5 years, respectively. The growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy equation were calculated as L∞=61.95 cm, K=0.19 year-1, t0 = -0.05 years. A great majority of the stock (77%) consisted of younger individuals (1-2 age groups). Cepola macrophthalma stock consisted of mainly younger individuals which may indicate that an effective fishing pressure is effective on the stock.
Procalcitonin Uptake and Effect on Antibiotics Stewardship: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Ahaneku, MD DrPH Hycienth , Umeh, MD DrPH Chukwuemeka A. , Cao, MD Mike , Kapten, MD Bradley , Elhalwagi, MD Baher , Egbe, MD Tiffany , Elueze, MD, PhD Emmanuel
Published: September 2020

Background: In the face of antibiotics resistance and adverse effects, emerging evidence suggests that procalcitonin guided therapy can help enhance appropriate use of antibiotics especially in patients with respiratory infections and sepsis. We seek to assess the uptake of procalcitonin among clinicians in a US hospital and assess its correlation with amount and duration of antibiotics use. We also seek to identify factors significantly associated with antibiotic use. Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study of patients with sepsis and COPD at a Medical Center in Texas USA. A total 48 COPD and 62 Sepsis patients were assessed. We collected demographic data such as age, weight, height, gender, and race/ethnicity. We also collected data on procalcitonin, number of antibiotics used, duration of antibiotics, and WBC levels at admission. We conducted bivariate analyses and logistic regression analyses to assess factor associated with procalcitonin, number of antibiotics used and duration of antibiotics. Results: We had 48 COPD patients and 62 sepsis patients in this study. Overall physicians ordered Procalcitonin on only 11.8% of patients. Procalcitonin was not significantly associated with antibiotics use. However, patients who had procalcitonin ordered had significantly lower WBC count than those without procalcitonin (10.1 vs. 12.9, p:0.026). Number of antibiotics was significantly associated with type of diagnosis (Sepsis 66.7% vs. COPD 50.7%, p = 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for other variables patients with sepsis were significantly more likely to be on higher number antibiotics (OR 6.08, p <0.001) and longer duration of antibiotics (OR 7.44, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is a public health problem. Procalcitonin has been touted as a biomarker that is effective in reducing use of antibiotics. Our study showed a low utilization of Procalcitonin by physicians and that patients with lower WBC counts were more likely to have procalcitonin ordered. However, our study did not find any association between procalcitonin and the number and duration of antibiotics use.
Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers in Ebonyi State, Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: Anozie Okechukwu B. , Nwafor Johnbosco I. , Nwokporo Ephraim I. , Esike Chidi U. , Ewah Richard L. , Eze Justus N. , Azuogu Benedict N. , Ukaegbe Chukwuemeka I.
Published: September 2020

Background: Globally, mental health issues have become one of the predominant public health concerns as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of frontline healthcare workers has not been fully described in Nigeria. Aim: To determine the mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among frontline healthcare workers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: This was an online cross-sectional study conducted among 315 frontline healthcare workers treating COVID-19 patients at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The mental health outcome of the participants was assessed using the short form of the Mental Health Continuum (MHC-SF). Results: The prevalence of mental health outcome for different categories was 47% (n = 148) for flourishing, 28.3% (n = 89) for moderate and 24.7% (n = 78) for languishing mental health. The predictors of languishing mental health outcome were being married (OR = 3.12, 95%CI 1.67 - 4.09, p = 0.035), a physician (OR = 4.09, 95%CI 1.98 - 5.61, p = 0.002), a nurse (OR = 2.21, 95%CI 0.05 - 0.24, p < 0.001), limited access to personal protective equipment (OR = 3.25, 95%CI 1.62 - 6.22, p = 0.043) and self-isolation and quarantine due to SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 3.03, 95%CI 0.02 - 0.95, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Nigeria’s frontline healthcare workers, especially physicians and nurses, are experiencing COVID-19 related psychological distress. There is need to develop and implement interventions to reduce the impact of prolonged psychological distress on long-term mental wellbeing in healthcare workers treating COVID-19 patients.
PENERAPAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE TEAM ASSISTED INDIVIDUALIZATION (TAI) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN DAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SERTA MENGEMBANGKAN SELF-EFFICACY PESERTA DIDIK SMA
Authors: Putri Mubarika Melinda
Published: September 2020

Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah mixed methods dengan convergen design. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa soal tes kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi, angket self efficacy, lembar observasi guru dan peserta didik, juga wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan dari sebanyak Sembilan kali pertemuan menunjukkan bahwa : 1) penerapan model cooperative learning tipe Time Assisted Individualization (TAI) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran peserta didik; 2) penerapan model cooperative learning tipe Time Assisted Individualization (TAI) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi peserta didik; 3) kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi matematis selama pembelajaran berlangsung dapat diatasi dengan baik, dan ada peningkatan pada setiap pertemuan; 4) perkembangan self-eficacy peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran matematika dengan penerapan model cooperative learning tipe Time Assisted Individualization (TAI) berada pada kategori sedang, baik secara keseluruhan maupun berdasarkan dimensi magnitude, strength, dan generality; 5) terdapat hubungan yang positif antara kemampuan penalaran dan kemampuan komunikasi matematis dengan self efficacy peserta didik; 6) kendala yang dihadapi peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan tes kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi matematis bisa diatasi dalam batas pencapaian kriteria ketuntasan minimal yang sudah ditetapkan pada awal penelitian dan didakan evaluasi dalam setiap pertemuannya.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Dede Anggiana Agus
Published: September 2020

Dalam proses pembelajaran kemampuan pemecahan masalah masih kurang baik dalam pembelajaran matematika. Sehingga untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut diperlukan model pembelajaran yang lebih memusatkan pada siswa agar lebih aktif dalam berpikir pada kemampuan pemecahan masalah, salah satunya yang diasumsikan dapat meningkatkannya yaitu Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dibandingkan dengan siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuasi eksperimen dengan pendekatan dan desain kuantitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa berupa soal uraian yang terdiri dari enam butir soal setiap kemampuan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Cisalak, sedangkan sampel diambil secara purposive dengan hasil pertimbangan kelas terpilih kelas VIII-B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII-C sebagai kelas kontrol. Kelas eksperimen diberi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan kelas kontrol diberi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji perbedaan dua rata-rata, Uji Regresi linear, Uji anova satu dan dua jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh simpulan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa lebih baik pada kelas Eksperimen yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional berdasarkan KAM.