bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WAYS TO INCREASE THE PROFITABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Vasyltsova Svitlana , Maistro Ruslana , Lytvyn Kyrylo
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the essence of such important categories as profit and profitability. Factors, both external and internal, have been identified that have a large impact on these categories. The conditions of the modern market and the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The main purpose of the study is to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictions affected revenue, service delivery, etc.; what measures have been taken to increase profits in business; what risks can be expected due to the re-introduction of lockdown in Ukraine. The analysis of profitability of the realized production will allow to understand, to what goods it is necessary to pay special attention at their sale or in general to withdraw from realization to reduce expenses for their manufacture considering needs of the modern market. The analysis of profitability of sales within the limits of a complex estimation of efficiency of results of the enterprise gives the chance to consider profit in several its kinds. The ratio of gross profit and revenue shows how much from the sale of products the organization can use to cover commercial and administrative costs. In this regard, increasing the profitability of the organization will be a key area of activity in today's environment, associated with the optimization of existing costs and increase projected revenues. Having made a certain analysis of the average level of profitability, it is possible to determine which products and which specific units of the enterprise create the required level of profitability, and which lead to losses. Such information is most important in a particularly competitive market economy, as financial performance will depend on specialization and concentration of production. It is concluded that increasing the profitability of enterprises in modern conditions is of paramount importance, and management needs to use all possible ways to increase this indicator, in order to increase profits, which will ultimately affect the efficiency of the business entity as a whole.The economic downturn, reduced purchasing power, lack of support (or inefficiency) from the state have led to a reduction in production, or even the shutdown of entire sectors of the economy.
CURRENT STATE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND PROSPECTS OF ECOLOGICALLY FOCUSED DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: Maslak Olga , Grishko Natalya , Dubovyk Olga , Savielova Anna , Matviiets Viktoriia
Published: February 2023

The article deals with current issues of the modern state of solid waste management of industrial regions of Ukraine and identifies prospects for their environmentally friendly development. It was argued that it is appropriate to draw attention to the optimization of recycling and disposal of solid waste, taking into account the peculiarities of regional policy on the modernization of solid waste treatment at the existing ones as well as new landfills. It was also noted that an integral part of the regional development strategy is the diagnosis of solid waste management in cities of Ukraine as well as finding optimal ways to recycle waste, which is an alternative source of energy, and a supplier of additional raw materials for the national economy. The consequences of irrational policy on storage, disposal, processing and utilization of solid waste against the background of problems related to the low level of welfare of the population were highlited. It was noted that traditional waste disposal does not completely prevent the negative effects of decomposition, such as rot and fermentation, which have a negative impact on the environment: pollution of soils, groundwater, affects the functioning of ecosystems, harms agriculture. It has been established that the main barriers to improving the efficiency of the solid waste management system are the lack of established norms on the right of ownership of waste and a clear definition of responsibility for their disposal or recycling. The study confirms that the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of solid waste generation in Ukraine still differ from those of developed countries. However, these differences are rapidly decreasing. Emphasis was made on the fact that in many respects the initial conditions in Ukraine are similar to those of the EU, which, given the success of European models of administrative management, will have a positive effect on the application in Ukraine given the local context..
USE OF INTERNET MARKETING FOR ACTIVATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Vasyltsova Svitlana , Kitchenko Olena , Ilyina Olga
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the essence of such important categories as Internet marketing and online communication. Factors, both external and internal, have been identified that have a large impact on these categories. The conditions of the modern market and the situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The development of information technology provides an opportunity to create a virtual environment that has its own characteristics: it is dynamic business and the lack of territorial boundaries. These features of cyberspace enable enterprises to work and make a profit despite the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictions, transform and dynamically develop modern business processes, provide additional opportunities for their optimization and efficiency of the enterprise, create conditions for "flow" part business, and sometimes in general in a virtual environment, which will have a positive impact on business. The purpose of the study is to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine restrictions affected the volume of services provided, etc .; what measures have been taken to increase profits in business. In the Internet environment today there is a huge number of potential customers in different market segments. The cost of communication with the audience in this environment is much lower, which is important in the current situation, with limited funds for businesses. Internet technologies give us the opportunity to work quickly with customers, providing their support. The efficiency of such work is increased due to fast communication with the client. The Internet offers flexible management of advertising communications. Thus even rather modest advertising budget guarantees the maximum return. For the current economic situation, Internet marketing is almost a panacea for advertising. And this applies to a variety of different areas of business. It is concluded, despite all the difficulties, more and more companies include Internet marketing in the list of tools used in the market. At the same time, an increasing number of companies use the Internet at all stages of their business activities. For many companies, the question is no longer whether to use the Internet, but what budget to allocate and how to allocate it.
DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM AS A CREATIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR ENSURING ENERGY SECURITY OF THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX
Authors: Shchurov Igor
Published: February 2023

The article proves the necessity of forming and using a digital ecosystem for the fuel and energy complex as a driver of the national economy. A reasoned list of features characteristic of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine, different from other branches of the economy, is given. The species components that form the ecosystem itself and the positive and negative impact of the fuel and energy complex on the ecosystem have been updated. The author's vision of a scientific and practical approach to the formation of the effective development of the fuel and energy complex and the system for ensuring its energy security is presented. In order to objectively assess the state of effective development of the fuel and energy complex and the formation of a system for ensuring its energy security, a more detailed analysis (in dynamics) of the dependence of the gross domestic product on the size of the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning was carried out. Determination of the closeness of the dependence between GDP and the volume of supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning was carried out according to the empirical correlation relation. The high tightness of the connection was proved and the determination index for non-linear connections was calculated - 88%. Visualization of the positive and negative impact of the fuel and energy complex on the ecosystem is graphically formed. It is emphasized that the adaptation of ecosystems to the factors causing changes requires a quick response to changes in market dynamics, otherwise irreversible processes in the energy security system are likely
PROBLEMS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Linkova Elena , Pikalova Yuliya
Published: February 2023

The peculiarities of modern investment activity of enterprises are analyzed in the work. The goals of investment activity of enterprises are structured: increase of profitability; expanding market share; strengthening innovation activity; improving investment attractiveness. The current problems of project management are highlighted: management of limited resources to achieve goals; funding and weighted evaluation of potential criteria; integration of tasks on the main business processes; distribution of roles and responsibilities of all performers and stakeholders; project portfolio management; project management software. The interests of the main stakeholders of the projects are classified: increase of profits and dividends, improvement of reputation (business owners): efficiency and effectiveness, self-realization, authority (managers); proper wages and social guarantees, self-realization, recognition of work results (employees of the enterprise); fulfillment of contract conditions and refund, solvency of the enterprise (investors); optimal ratio of price and quality of goods, compliance with the terms of the order (consumers); increase in order volumes, timely payments under the terms of contracts, long-term relationships (suppliers); activities that meet the requirements of the law, payment of taxes, job creation, implementation of volunteer social and cultural projects (public authorities); growth of cooperation agreements (intermediaries); availability of competitive advantages, market leadership (competitors). In order to develop skills in the formation of hybrid project management systems, the features of approaches to project management have been studied: cascade project management; Agile; Six Sigma; PRINCE2. Systematized priority areas for solving project management problems: training of enterprise managers by programs: project management software; team leadership; project portfolio management; change management; increasing the stress resistance of managers; conflict resolution; talent management; project management information support; team building; Public Relations; attracting various sources of project funding; planning enterprise development programs and updating business models; reconciling the interests of project stakeholders. Which in turn will optimally solve the problems of project management and improve the results of the enterprise. These issues are for further research: studying the peculiarities of attracting various investors to finance enterprise projects and concluding investment agreements.
ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE COUNTRY ECONOMY
Authors: Klymova Svitlana
Published: February 2023

The positive and negative consequences of the globalization process for the country's economy are analyzed in the article. The main concepts that assess the globalization process from the point of view of positive and negative effects are considered. It proves that international trade is less and less determined by the absolute and comparative advantages, and more by the interests of global corporations. The issues related to the inconsistency of the globalization process are investigated. The article also shows that the role of the state in the context of the globalization process is decreasing, because it becomes more difficult to pursue a monetary and financial policy, to influence the exchange rate, since it is difficult to distinguish between the real export-import flow of goods and services and the flow of goods and services transferred by one branch-offices of TNC to other with using transfer prices. Particular attention is paid to the influence of transnational corporations as the main generators of the globalization process on the economies of host countries, the ability of corporations to influence the receipt of a positive economic effect by the country, using the advantages of "economies of scale". The main negative manifestations of globalization, which antiglobalists pay attention to and fight against, are considered. The main steps to achieve and consolidate the positive effects of globalization are determined.
USE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN THE MARKETING ACTIVITIES OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Vasyltsova Svitlana , Romanchyk Tatiana
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the economic essence of such an important category for any enterprise as project management. The necessity of its use in marketing activity is revealed. Its role in the marketing complex in the development of new products, as well as the improvement of existing ones is determined. If the company has several projects in progress, and each week has a dozen deadlines, the number of controlled tasks can exceed a hundred, then work without rushes, even with the busiest schedule will not be possible. Therefore, the use of project management techniques in such a stressful situation will provide opportunities to keep all processes under control, respond very quickly to identified problems and quickly adjust plans that will provide opportunities to work without rushes on a busy schedule. Each project has its own nature, life cycle, patterns and methods of management. Using a certain project management methodology will provide opportunities to implement it in an optimal way, avoiding failure and loss of money. The importance of project management grows when a company plans to develop a new product. Custom requirements for the future product should be formed by the marketer and this part of the work relates to project management. Mastering project management provides an opportunity to look more systematically at the task and the process of solving it, this is very important in the development and implementation of marketing strategy. The project management methodology is designed for complex resource-intensive projects and its full application will be excessive. It is necessary to use only that will really increase efficiency of work of division. It is necessary to implement and implement project management in the department, if employees will consciously participate in projects. The best way to achieve this is to hold seminars on the basics of project management for them. And as employees grow, it is possible to delegate some of the project functions to their specialization, which will increase staff motivation and relieve management of more complex tasks.
TREND CHANGES IN THE FUEL AND ENERGY BALANCE OF UKRAINE: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Shchurov Igor
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the fuel and energy balance of Ukraine. The structural and trend changes of the domestic energy market are determined. A comparison of the volume of consumed energy in terms of its production and import with real GDP showed that the economy of Ukraine is characterized by a decrease in energy intensity. A positive thing is the decrease in the share of energy imports in the structure of fuel and energy security and the increase in the share of renewable energy sources. The formation of the energy market of Ukraine takes place under the influence of three main vectors: the policy of development of the international and world energy market, the policy of energy security of Ukraine, the policy of environmental security and the reduction of negative impact on the environment.

The need to ensure the development of oil and gas enterprises has been proven, since natural gas plays an important role in the process of transition from the use of fossil energy resources to alternative energy sources. In modern conditions, the safe functioning of the enterprises of the oil and gas complex is important, which is manifested in three components: economic, ecological and energy security.
Problems of organization of outpatient care for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institute of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Boyko Yu.P. , Fedyakov A. G. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institute of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation,   S. P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Shcherbin A. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institute of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation,   V. P. Demikhov City Clinical Hospital, Razin M. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institute of Further Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation,   V. P. Demikhov City Clinical Hospital
Published: February 2023

Peripheral nerve diseases occupy an important place in the structure of morbidity, accompanied by temporary disability and invalidation of the population. In addition, these diseases lead to an increase in the citizens’ and state’s expenditure for maintaining health and active lifestyle. P u r p o s e of the study is to analyze and evaluate the routing of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome, formulate proposals for its improvement. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The study used the following methods: analytical, expert assessments of medical organization employees who provide care to patients with diseases of the peripheral nervous system. The analysis of medical documentation of S. P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital have been carried out. The object of the study were patients treated in this hospital from 2007 to 2021. R e s u l t s . Analyzing the routing stages of a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome, attention is drawn to the violation of the priority of the patient’s interests not only within the rational use of his time, but also the duration of neuropathic pain syndrome. The timeframes of medical care are violated. In addition, in conditions of limited resources and lean production, budgetary funds are unreasonably spent on the examination of the patient. F i n d i n g s . Optimization of routing of patients with this pathology will contribute to the timely provision of high-quality medical care, which will reduce the time of temporary disability and avoid invalidation of population.
Comparison of “Human” and Artificial Intelligence Hand-and-Wrist Skeletal Age Estimation in an Epiphysiodesis Cohort
Authors: Kluck Dylan G. , Makarov Marina R. , Kanaan Yassine , Jo Chan-Hee , Birch John G.
Published: February 2023

Background:

We previously demonstrated that the White-Menelaus arithmetic formula combined with skeletal age as estimated with the Greulich and Pyle (GP) atlas was the most accurate method for predicting leg lengths and residual leg-length discrepancy (LLD) at maturity in a cohort of patients treated with epiphysiodesis. We sought to determine if an online artificial intelligence (AI)-based hand-and-wrist skeletal age system provided consistent readings and to evaluate how these readings influenced the prediction of the outcome of epiphysiodesis in this cohort.

Methods:

JPEG images of perioperative hand radiographs for 76 subjects were independently submitted by 2 authors to an AI skeletal age web site (http://physis.16bit.ai/). We compared the accuracy of the predicted long-leg length (after epiphysiodesis), short-leg length, and residual LLD with use of the White-Menelaus formula and either human-estimated GP or AI-estimated skeletal age.

Results:

The AI skeletal age readings had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.99. AI-estimated skeletal age was generally greater than human-estimated GP skeletal age (average, 0.5 year greater in boys and 0.1 year greater in girls). Overall, the prediction accuracy was improved with AI readings; these differences reached significance for the short-leg and residual LLD prediction errors. Residual LLD was underestimated by ≥1.0 cm in 26 of 76 subjects when human-estimated GP skeletal age was used (range of underestimation, 1.0 to 3.2 cm), compared with only 10 of 76 subjects when AI skeletal age was used (range of underestimation, 1.1 cm to 2.2 cm) (p < 0.01). Residual LLD was overestimated by ≥1.0 cm in 3 of 76 subjects by both methods (range of overestimation, 1.0 to 1.3 cm for the human-estimated GP method and 1.0 to 1.6 cm for the AI method).

Conclusions:

The AI method of determining hand-and-wrist skeletal age was highly reproducible in this cohort and improved the accuracy of prediction of leg length and residual discrepancy when compared with traditional human interpretation of the GP atlas. This improvement could be explained by more accurate estimation of skeletal age via a machine-learning AI system calibrated with a large database.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Shoulder Pain and Dysfunction After Vaccination
Authors: Wright Jonathan O. , Wiggins Whitman , Smith Michael Seth , King Joseph J. , Wright Thomas W.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Persistent shoulder pain and dysfunction after vaccination are relatively rare but well-known complications after inoculations into the deltoid muscle. The term SIRVA (shoulder injury related to vaccine administration) is frequently used to encompass many of these occurrences; however, multiple distinct pathologies with similar presentations have been reported after vaccination. We performed a systematic review of the literature on vaccine-related shoulder injuries to help guide practitioners in appropriate workup and treatment based on specific diagnoses.

Methods:

PubMed was used to search for combinations of multiple keywords (including vaccine, immunization, SIRVA, injury, inflammation, bursitis, Parsonage-Turner syndrome, and neuritis), and all references of each potential article were reviewed. A total of 56 articles were included. Patient demographics, vaccine information, presentation, diagnostic studies, treatment, and outcomes were recorded.

Results:

Diagnoses were divided into 3 categories: (1) local inflammatory reaction (SIRVA), (2) brachial neuritis, and (3) direct nerve injury. The included articles reported on 57 cases of SIRVA, 18 of brachial neuritis, and 4 of direct nerve injury. The diagnoses reported for the SIRVA cases included frozen shoulder, pseudoseptic arthritis, subacromial bursitis, rotator cuff injury, and lytic lesions of the humeral head. Various treatments were used, and most patients had resolution of symptoms with conservative treatment including physical therapy, analgesics, and/or corticosteroid injections. Advanced imaging rarely provided information that affected treatment. The brachial neuritis and direct nerve injury cases were typically confirmed with electromyography/nerve conduction studies. Treatment of these 2 categories was nonoperative in all cases, typically with analgesics and/or corticosteroids, and most patients had symptomatic improvement after a few months, with most patients regaining strength. However, some (1 of 3 patients with brachial neuritis and >1 year of follow-up and 2 of 4 patients with direct injury) had residual weakness.

Conclusions:

Medical professionals should be aware of the various pathologies that can lead to prolonged shoulder pain after vaccination. Fortunately, most of these conditions can be treated successfully with nonoperative modalities, although differentiating among the diagnoses can help guide treatment, as some likely benefit from systemic corticosteroids or localized corticosteroid injections. Outcomes for most patients have been good, with the majority recovering without residual pain or deficits.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level IV.
Sales System at a Web-Based Cika Ciki Snack Shop
Authors: Iftitah Lia , Fitrani Arif Senja
Published: February 2023

Cika Ciki Snack Shop is one of the agents that sells a variety of snacks from various brands, but the store owner has problems promoting the products he sells, the longer it takes, the more competitors there are other snack agents, then Cika Ciki Snack Shop utilizes technology to market products. Therefore, the author created a website-based sales information system to develop a business in terms of sales. to make it easier for store owners to promote snacks and make it easier for customers to make purchases. This research was made using a Website-based information system with the waterfall method, and MySQL as the database, which is the data collection of anything snack along with the brand name provided by Cika Ciki Snack Store.
Identifikasi Morfologi Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) dan Potensi Jamur Antagonis untuk Pengendaliannya secara in vitro
Authors: Uge Emerensiana , Inayati Alfi , Yusnawan Eriyanto
Published: February 2023

Porang merupakan tanaman pangan penting karena kandungan glukomanannya yang tinggi. Glukomanan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku industri makanan dan industri lainnya. Budidaya tanaman porang tidak terlepas dari berbagai kendala, salah satunya adalah infeksi patogen busuk pangkal batang dan umbi yang perlu dikendalikan dengan teknologi yang tepat dan aman bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi patogen penyebab penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan umbi pada tanaman porang. Penelitian meliputi identifikasi patogen dan uji postulat Koch. Pengamatan terhadap gejala penyakit pada tanaman maupun umbi dilakukan di lapang, sedangkan pertumbuhan hifa, karakteristik hifa secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik, dan uji postulat Koch dilakukan di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit busuk pangkal batang dan umbi porang disebabkan oleh jamur dengan karakteristik miselium berwarna hialin, hifa bersepta, bercabang dan berdinding tebal dengan atau tanpa klem penghubung, mampu membentuk sklerosia bulat beraturan berwarna cokelat tua yang merupakan ciri spesifik dari Sclerotium rolfsii. Uji postulat Koch pada umbi dan tanaman porang menggunakan isolat dari kultur murni menunjukkan adanya gejala yang sama dengan gejala di lapang, yakni permukaan umbi tertutup miselia putih dan umbi membusuk. Reisolasi penyebab penyakit dari umbi dan tanaman hasil uji patogenesitas menunjukkan pertumbuhan kultur murni yang sama dengan kultur hasil isolasi awal. Hal ini mengkonfirmasi bahwa gejala busuk batang dan umbi porang yang terjadi merupakan hasil infeksi dari Sclerotium rolfsii.
Interaksi Genotipe dan Lingkungan terhadap Ukuran Karakter Ubijalar Lokal Papua Berdasarkan Analisis AMMI
Authors: Mustamu Yohanis Amos , Prabawardani Saraswati , Kurni Otties
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi pengaruh interaksi genotipe dengan lingkungan terhadap penampilan genotipe ubijalar unggul lokal Papua berdasarkan karakter ubi ekonomi dan menduga genotipe ubijalar lokal Papua yang memiliki daya adaptasi luas berdasarkan karakter ekonomi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tiga lokasi yaitu di Kabupaten Manokwari, Kabupaten Biak Numfor, dan Kabuapten Supiori pada bulan Juli 2020 sampai bulan Desember 2020. Sebanyak 12 genotipe ubijalar unggul lokal lokal Papua yaitu Amban Pantai, Arfai, SP5, Kaimana2, Oransbari, Abepura, Koya1, Koya3, Koya5, Koya6, Koya7, dan Koya8. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian interaksi genotipe-lingkungan dan stabilitas untuk jumlah ubi ekonomi dan bobot ubi ekonomi dapat disimpulkan analisis ragam gabungan menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata (p <0,01) untuk genotipe, dan interaksi genotipe dan lingkungan. Hasil analisis AMMI menunjukkan genotipe yang stabil berdasarkan karater jumlah ubi ekonomi adalah SP5, Koya1 dan Koya3, sedangkan genotipe yang stabil berdasarkan karakter bobot ubi ekonomi adalah SP5, Abepura, Koya1, Koya3, Koya5, dan Koya7.  
A Method for Determination of Rock Fabric Number from Well Logs in Unconventional Tight Oil Carbonates
Authors: Azuara Diliegros Brenda , Aguilera Roberto
Published: February 2023

This paper develops a method for estimation of rock fabric number (RFN) from well logs in unconventional tight oil carbonates with permeability less than 0.1 md. The objective is to investigate the oil potential of a Middle Cretaceous tight carbonate in Mexico. The development of a method for these conditions is challenging as the current approach developed by Lucia (1983) has been explained for carbonates with permeability more than 0.1 md.

Core data and drill cuttings available for this study are limited but provide important insights for the log interpretation and for identifying the presence of grainstone, packstone, and wackstone rocks in the unconventional tight carbonate under consideration. A crossplot of RFN vs. rp35 (pore throat radius at 35% cumulative pore volume) permits delimiting intervals with good production potential that are supported by well testing data. Information for the analysis of the Mexican carbonate comes from well logs of nine wells and two re-entry wells, four buildup tests, and a limited amount of core and drill cuttings information. All data were provided by a petroleum company and have been used, for transparency, without any modifications.

An unconventional tight carbonate as defined in this paper has a permeability smaller than 0.1 md. The unconventional tight oil carbonate reservoir considered in this study includes 95% of data with permeabilities smaller than 0.1 md and only 5% with permeabilities larger than 0.1 md. The method introduced by Lucia (1983) and Jennings and Lucia (2003) for determining RFN is powerful, but they explained it only for permeabilities larger than 0.1 md, thus the need for a methodology that allows estimating from well logs the presence of grainstone, packstone, and/or wackstone in unconventional tight carbonate reservoirs with permeabilities smaller than 0.1 md.

Results indicate that the RFN provides a useful approach for distinguishing grainstone, packstone, and wackstone rocks in unconventional tight carbonate reservoirs. Furthermore, rock fabric can be linked with Pickett plots to provide an integrated quantitative evaluation of RFN, porosity, water saturation, permeability, pore throat radius, and capillary pressure. This integration indicates that there is good oil potential in the Middle Cretaceous unconventional tight carbonate in Mexico.
Deep Learning Methods for Improving Electromagnetic Telemetry Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Authors: Urdaneta C. , Jarrot A. , Wang S. , Wu X. , Chen J.
Published: February 2023

Electromagnetic (EM) telemetry is a cost-competitive method for communication between downhole tools and oilfield surface equipment. However, EM telemetry use is limited to wellsite deployments that result in favorable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Increasingly, the EM attenuation brought by deeper wells, conductive service fluids, and conductive formation layers has made it more important to increase EM telemetry SNR. This study explored the ability of various deep learning (DL) methods to improve EM telemetry SNR with data sets composed of mixed synthetic downhole signals and real field noise. The DL models explored were previously proven to achieve state-of-the-art performance with seismic random noise attenuation and speech separation use cases.

Furthermore, architectural adjustments that improved model performance with EM telemetry data were targeted. Then, the SNR improvement performance of different design changes was evaluated. Finally, the study targeted improvements that reduced the requirements for deployment hardware, including number of stakes, without sacrificing SNR improvement performance. Optimized models were found to successfully improve SNR in EM telemetry data, outperforming traditional bandpass filter methods and enabling the demodulation of mixtures that were otherwise too noisy to be demodulated.
Transit of electric currents in the human nervous system: hypothesis
Authors: Neto Arnaldo Pinto Guedes de Paiva
Published: February 2023

A review of the literature on the action potential was performed. The article consists of a hypothesis about the types of energy generated by the action potential. The objective is to determine the transit of energy generated in the nervous system. Libet established that human beings take about 0.5 second to become aware of a sensory stimulus. This is the time threshold to elicit any conscious sensation. The electrical current threshold is 2 mA. The wave amplitude threshold is 50 µV. The action potential generates a variation of energy obtained that can be compared to the act of starting a car. This first energy variation can be called “ignition Δi”. From 0.5 second until the memory´s formation of a stimulus that occurred, there is a variation of electrical current. This variation can be called “effective Δi”. There is a moment when this variation of ignition energy becomes a constant electric current or “residual current”. When the pulse repetition frequency is doubled, the ignition Δi increased by 12.39%, the effective Δi increased by 21.80%, and the residual i decreased by 52.39%. Higher pulse rates allow less energy to be dissipated and higher wattage. The sum of effective Δi relates to short-term memory.
High spontaneous integration rates of end-modified linear DNAs upon mammalian cell transfection
Authors: Lim Samuel , Yocum R. Rogers , Silver Pamela A , Way Jeffrey C
Published: February 2023

In gene therapy, potential integration of therapeutic transgene into host cell genomes is a serious risk that can lead to insertional mutagenesis and tumorigenesis. Viral vectors are often used as the gene delivery vehicle, but they are prone to undergoing integration events. More recently, non-viral delivery of linear DNAs having modified geometry such as closed-end linear duplex DNA (CELiD) have shown promise as an alternative, due to prolonged transgene expression and less cytotoxicity. However, whether such modified-end linear DNAs can also provide a safe, non-integrating gene transfer remains unanswered. Herein, we provide a systematic comparison of genomic integration frequency upon transfection of cells with expression vectors in the forms of circular plasmid, unmodified linear DNA, CELiD, and Streptavidin-conjugated blocked-end linear DNA. All of these forms of linear DNA resulted in a high fraction of the cells being stably transfected – between 10% and 20% of the initially transfected cells, with CELiDs showing the highest rates of integration. These results indicate that blocking the ends of linear DNA is insufficient to prevent integration. Moreover, our analysis suggest that conventional AAV-based gene therapy may be highly susceptible to integration, which is consistent with recent findings from long-term clinical studies.
Prevention of M2 polarization and temporal limitation of differentiation in monocytes by extracellular ATP
Authors: Scherr Benedikt F. , Reiner Martin F. , Baumann Flavia , Höhne Kerstin , Müller Tobias , Ayata Korcan , Müller-Quernheim Joachim , Idzko Marco , Zissel Gernot
Published: February 2023

Background: Increased extracellular adenosine triphosphate-levels modulate immunologic pathways and are considered a danger signal in inflammation, lung fibrosis and cancer. M1 macrophages are classically activated, pro-inflammatory macrophages, whereas M2 macrophages are alternatively activated, pro-fibrotic macrophages. We investigated the effect of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) on differentiation of native human monocytes. M1 and M2 like macrophages were characterized by the release of IL-1β (Interleukin-1beta) and CCL18 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18), respectively.
Results: Monocytes were stimulated with ATP, the P2X7 receptor agonist Benzoylbenzoyl-ATP and the expression of various purinergic receptors was analyzed. During 72h of cell culture, monocytes spontaneously differentiated to M2 like macrophages indicated by an increased release of CCL18. Immediate stimulation of monocytes with ATP dose-dependently reduced CCL18 release but did not affect IL-1β supernatant concentration. In contrast, delayed stimulation with ATP neither affected CCL18, nor IL-1β release. Similar results were observed in a model of inflammation using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated native human monocytes. Stimulation with the P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP (Benzoylbenzoyl-ATP) mimicked the effect of ATP on M2-macrophage differentiation suggesting that P2X7 is involved in ATP-induced inhibition of CCL18 release. Indeed, P2X7 was downregulated during spontaneous M2 differentiation, which may in part explain the ineffectiveness of late stimulation of monocytes with ATP. However, pre-incubation of monocytes with PPADS, Suramin (unselective P2X- and P2Y-receptor blockers) and KN62 (P2X7-antagonist) did not reverse the reduction of CCL18 by ATP.
Conclusions: ATP dose- and time-dependently prevented spontaneous differentiation of monocytes to M2-like-macropages and that the effects were mediated independent of P2X- and P2Y-receptors.
Regio- and Enantioselective CuH-Catalyzed 1,2- and 1,4-Hydrosilylation of 1,3-Enynes
Authors: Wang Zi-Lu , Li Qi , Yang Meng-Wei , Song Zhao-Xin , Xiao Zhen-Yu , Ma Wei-Wei , Zhao Jin-Bo , Xu Yun-He
Published: February 2023

We report a copper-catalyzed ligand-controlled selective 1,2- and 1,4-hydrosilylation of 1,3-enynes, which furnishes enantiomerically enriched propargyl- and 1,2-allenylsilane products in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). This reaction proceeds under mild conditions, shows broad substrate scope for both 1,3-enynes and trihydrosilanes, and displays excellent regioselectivities. Mechanistic studies based on deuterium-labeling reactions and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that allenylcopper is the dominant reactive intermediate under both 1,2- and 1,4-hydrosilylation conditions, and it undergoes metathesis with silanesviaselective four-membered or six-membered transition state, depending on the nature of the ligand. The weak interactions between the ligands and the reacting partners are found to be the key controlling factor for the observed regioselectivity switch.
Impact of mass drug treatment with albendazole and ivermectin on transmission of Wuchereria Bancrofti lymphatic filariasis in Burkina Faso from 2001 to 2017
Authors: SAWADOGO Abdoulaye , Ouédraogo/Sondo Apolline , Diallo Ismaêl , Kouakou Affoué Gisèle , Ouédraogo Gafourou Arsène , Tassembedo Mahamadi , Kima appolinaire , Sermé Mamadou , Ouédraogo Boukary , Tanon Koffi Aristophane , Eholié Serge Paul
Published: February 2023

Background
Lymphatic filariasis or bancroftosis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease that the world has resolved to eliminate by 2020. From 2001 to 2017, Burkina Faso has initiated a program to eliminate the disease. The objective of this study is then to describe the impact of annual mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin and albendazole on the transmission of lymphatic filariasis.
Methods
This was a descriptive ecological observational study that took place from January 1st to 31st December 2017 and covered the period from 2001 to 2017. All health districts implementing MDA with ivermectin and albendazole in Burkina Faso were included in the survey. Data related to treatment and transmission assessment surveys were collected and analyzed using STATA version 15. QGIS software version 2.18.25 was used to create the maps.
Results
During the 16 years of the program’s implementation, the geographic coverage of health districts was entirely completed (100%).
The average treatment coverage rate was 80%. Microfilaremia was less than 1% in 21 of the 30 sentinel sites. Continuing endemic sites had a higher prevalence of filarial antigen and initial microfilaremia. Post-treatment surveillance showed a prevalence of filarial antigen of 0.28% at 2 years, 0.08% at 4 years and 0.02% at 6 years respectively.
Out of a total of 70 health districts that were endemic, 87% (61/70) interrupted transmission of lymphatic filariasis.
Conclusion
Filariasis transmission was interrupted in several health districts. Evaluations showed a significant decrease of immuno-parasitological indicators during the implementation of the program, but the country did not achieve the goal.
Resveratrol promotes the repair of spinal cord injury by modulating M1/M2 polarization via NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Jian , Liu Jun , Wan Zhanghui , Guo Yongjie , Wang Xiaowei
Published: February 2023

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disease which causes high disability rate. However, there is no effective treatment for SCI, and it is still great challenge for spinal surgeons. SCI can be divided into primary injury and secondary injury, and secondary injury plays dominant roles in SCI. Neuroinflammation is not only an important factor causing secondary SCI, but also a target of SCI treatment. Microglia, resident immune cells in spinal cord tissue, regulate neuroinflammation by polarizing. Resveratrol(RES)has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects in SCI, however, the specific mechanisms is still unclear. In this study, we identified that RES improving the functional recovery of spinal cord in mice through locomotion behaviors. Immunofluorescence staining showed that RES promoted axonal regeneration. In vivo and vitro, a series of experiments were exerted to verify its effects on facilitate shift from M1 to M2 polarization of microglia. Furthermore, as an agonist of SIRT1, we identified RES regulate polarization via NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathway by western blot. Overall, our study demonstrated that RES is a promising treatment for SCI and further explored the underlying mechanisms in modulating neuroinflammation after SCI.
Accurate prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus via a novel transformer method
Authors: Wang Hui , Yao Ye , Zheng Jieying , Peng Danhong , Wu Jiansheng , Wang Jun
Published: February 2023

Diabetes is a common complication that happened in pregnant women, and it often leads to many serious consequences for fetuses and gravidas. Accurate diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the key to providing prompt and precise treatment and disease management. The artificial intelligence-based method is currently the most commonly used auxiliary way for clinical medical diagnosis. However, as all we know, there is no report on the assistance of GDM diagnosis based on artificial intelligence till now. In this work, we collected the clinical samples of 1000 pregnant women from ZhongDa Hospital of Southeast University in Nanjing city, which involves 221 cases of GDM. Then, a matrix factorization method was used to fill up all missing values in the original data. Next, a random forest model was adopted to evaluate the importance of each feature dimension to aid in finding potential clinical markers for the GDM diagnosis. Finally, a novel transformer-based method called TF-GDM was proposed for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus accurately. The results show that our TF-GDM method achieves excellent performance, with the accuracy, precision, and recall of 0.93, 0.88, and 0.92, respectively, and also with the F1 score and AUC value of 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. The results demonstrate that our TF-GDM method is significantly better than classic machine learning-based and deep learning-based methods.
The Need for a Multidisciplinary Approach in Patients with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tomasevic Snezana , Cicovacki Saska , Popovic Dunja , Hanna Fahad
Published: February 2023

Background: Degenerative joint diseases (osteoarthritis) have considerable sociomedical importance due to their chronic nature, high frequency, demanding treatment and consequences they leave behind. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between knee/hip osteoarthritis and level of pain, depression and wellbeing.
Material and methods: The cross-sectional study included patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis receiving treatment at the Clinic for Medical Rehabilitation, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina in Novi Sad, Serbia. Two sets of questionnaires were administered in the study: BPI (Brief Pain Inventory) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
Results: A total of 60 subjects participated in this study (48 with knee OA and 12 with hip OA). Mild pain was detected in 12 patients (20%), moderate pain in 39 patients (65%), while 9 patients (15%) had severe pain. A strong pain effects were observed in 16 patients (27%). In the sample, 42 (70%) patients experienced low-level depression, and 18 (30%) patients had high-level depression.
Conclusion: A high level of depression was found in 30% of patients with hip and knee OA. The pain effects on ADLs measured by BPI speak in favour of significant pain effects on ADLs in half of patients. Patients with a higher level of depression experience pain more intensely and encounter greater difficulties in performing activities of daily living. A multidisciplinary approach is needed when considering treatment for these types of patients.
Promoted Dissipation and Detoxification of Atrazine by Graphene Oxide Coexisting in Water
Authors: Wang Qinghai , Peng Lei , Zhou Zixin , Li Cui , Chen Chuansheng , Wang Yu , Que Xiaoe
Published: February 2023

Herbicide atrazine (ATZ) has a detrimental effect on health of aquatic ecosystems, and has become a global concern in recent years. but understanding of its persistence and potential toxicity under combined pollution, especially in the coexistence of other emerging pollutants, remains limited. In this work, the dissipation and transformation of ATZ in combination with graphene oxide (GO) in water were investigated. Results showed that dissipation rates of ATZ dramatically increased by 15%-95% with half-lives shortened by 15%-40% depending on initial concentrations of ATZ, the products were mainly toxic chloro-dealkylated intermediates (deethylatrazine (DEA) and deisopropylatrazine (DIA)), but their contents were significantly lower under coexistence of GO compared to ATZ alone. In the presence of GO, the nontoxic dechlorinated metabolite hydroxyatrazine (HYA) was detected earlier than 2-9 days, and ATZ transformation into HYA was increased by 6%-18% during 21-day incubation periods. This study indicated that the coexistence of GO enhanced the dissipation and detoxification of ATZ. From a remediation standpoint, GO-induced hydrolytic dechlorination of ATZ can reduce its ecological toxicity. But the environmental risks of ATZ for aquatic ecosystem under the coexistence of GO should still be given necessary prominence due to potential hazard of ATZ adsorbed on GO and predominant degradation products (DEA and DIA).