bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Se protéger des violences et blessures : la préservation du corps des aristocrates romains et ses effets politiques de Sylla à Auguste
Authors: Laignoux Raphaëlle
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : De la dictature de Sylla aux guerres civiles des années 40-30, la place grandissante des victoires militaires et des violences dans la vie politique entraîne un niveau de risque corporel sans précédent pour les aristocrates romains. C'est sans doute ce contexte de risques accrus qui a conduit les aristocrates, notamment les plus puissants d'entre eux, à développer d'importantes stratégies de protection corporelle, destinées à éviter les blessures et les diverses atteintes possibles à l’intégrité de leur corps à la guerre comme dans la vie civile. D'une part, ils ont multiplié les escortes et les gardes à même de les protéger, lors de campagnes militaires mais aussi à l'intérieur de la ville de Rome. D'autre part, ils ont réduit les prises de risque, limitant tout à la fois leur participation au combat et les interactions directes avec les gouvernés. Cette protection croissante du « corps aristocratique » entre néanmoins en contradiction avec la culture politique romaine traditionnelle qui valorise notamment le courage au combat et la proximité entre gouvernants et gouvernés. Le refus de César de se faire accompagner de gardes du corps lors de la séance sénatoriale du 15 mars 44 est un exemple frappant de la difficile coexistence entre les représentations traditionnelles et des pratiques de protection pourtant de plus en plus diffuses. L'étude des mécanismes de protection du corps mobilisés par les aristocrates romains de Sylla à Auguste permet donc de revenir sur certaines évolutions des conceptions et pratiques politiques de la fin de la République et des débuts du Principat. La tendance à la mise en sûreté du corps, nette mais inégale selon les aristocrates, invite tout particulièrement à réinterroger les modalités d'évolution des hiérarchies et des modèles de comportement aristocratiques mais aussi les distinctions entre les sphères civile et militaire.
« Un noble blessé » ( nobilis uolneratus ). Les atteintes à l’honneur de Clodius : corps, discours et ethos aristocratique
Authors: Baudry Robinson
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Dans le discours Sur la réponse des haruspices , Cicéron évoque, au sujet de Clodius, « une scélératesse aussi intraitable, une effronterie aussi monstrueuse d’un jeune forcené, d’un noble blessé. » Le déshonneur subi par Clodius lors de l’affaire de la Bona Dea, présenté comme une blessure, se trouve ainsi constitué en mobile de son action politique. En la désignant, le discours de Cicéron, du fait de sa dimension performative, renforce, voire crée de toutes pièces, la supposée blessure aristocratique de son adversaire. Cet article se proposera donc d’étudier les atteintes à l’honneur de Clodius dans les invectives de Cicéron, en insistant sur le rôle du contexte de l’énonciation. Présentée ainsi l’enquête serait trop vaste et notre propos se concentrera sur deux aspects. Le premier, porte sur l’idée même de blessure aristocratique, réexaminée à partir de cette étude de cas. Se pose en effet la question de la spécificité de ces blessures aristocratiques, qui tiendrait à une plus grande vulnérabilité des aristocrates au déshonneur, à la singularité des formes de l’atteinte à l’honneur de ces derniers et à la particularité des stratégies qu’ils mobilisaient pour rétablir leur prestige. Ces questions invitent à approfondir un deuxième thème : la place des attaques portant sur le corps de Clodius, dont Cicéron n’a eu de cesse de dénoncer l’effémination et la sensibilité excessive aux plaisirs.
L’écho des blessures d’honneur républicaines chez Suétone
Authors: Duchêne Pauline
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Les atteintes à l’honneur d’un aristocrate romain ne concernent pas que sa personne : elles atteignent aussi sa gens tout entière, ancêtres et descendants compris. L’attaque et la blessure qui en résultent doivent donc être respectivement repoussée et soignée non seulement sur le moment, mais aussi sur le long terme, en particulier dans le récit historique des événements concernés. Bien qu’éloignés dans le temps de la période républicaine, les Douze Césars de Suétone permettent de voir ce processus à l’œuvre et d’en saisir les implications, car ils commencent tous par un passage en revue des ancêtres républicains de chaque empereur, remontant parfois jusqu’aux premiers temps de la République. Le panorama qu’ils proposent met ainsi le lecteur en position de comprendre à la fois comment on pouvait infliger une blessure d’honneur et comment pouvait s’opérer sa cicatrisation, son enkystement, voire sa transformation en caractéristique familiale et sa transmission héréditaire.
La blessure du chef de guerre romain à l’époque archaïque (753-290 avant J.-C.)
Authors: Engerbeaud Mathieu
Published: June 2024

Résumé Résumé : Que nous apprennent les textes sur le prestige des aristocrates blessés à la guerre durant les premiers temps de Rome ? Entre l’époque de Romulus et la fin de la troisième guerre samnite en 290, les récits historiques décrivent plusieurs centaines de batailles et d’opérations militaires, mais, à en croire ces mêmes sources, seuls seize chefs de guerre romains sont blessés au cours de ces cinq siècles. Ce nombre est sans doute sous-estimé et la mention des blessures des chefs romains s’insère dans la mise en intrigue d’une période complexe.
Psychologie clinique du vieillissement
Authors: Léglise Audrey , Pommier Précillia , Fernandez Lydia
Published: June 2024

L’émotion est la résultante d’un ensemble de variations épisodiques physiques, comportementales et psychiques, en réponse à des événements évalués comme importants par l’organisme. Les émotions sont partagées avec l’environnement à partir de la communication verbale et non verbale. Les capacités d’expression et d’interprétation des émotions sont en partie altérées chez les personnes âgées atteintes de démence. Cependant, le clinicien doit proposer une approche thérapeutique permettant le maintien des échanges psychoaffectifs à partir des capacités préservées par la maladie. En voici un exemple : la thérapie assistée par l’animal.
Psychologie clinique du vieillissement
Authors: Menecier Pascal , Boulon Laura
Published: June 2024

Vieillesse et mésusage d’alcool sont rarement rapprochés. Pourtant des personnes âgées en difficultés et en souffrance avec l’alcool se rencontrent au quotidien à domicile comme en EHPAD. Les particularités du vieillissement psychologique, les fragilités et vulnérabilités de la vieillesse rendent les aînés particulièrement sensibles à l’alcool et à son mésusage. L’aide et les soins sont possibles, avec d’aussi bonnes issues que chez de plus jeunes adultes.
Psychologie clinique du vieillissement
Authors: Navarro-Ocampo Gabriella , Bréjard Vincent , Bonnet Agnès
Published: June 2024

La chute chez la personne âgée est un événement très fréquent considéré comme un problème de santé publique. Elle a des conséquences à court et à long terme sur l’intégrité physique et psychique du sujet âgé et elle est liée à différents facteurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques. Ainsi, l’accompagnement de la personne âgée qui chute s’avère nécessaire.
The exponential non-uniform bound on the half-normal approximation for the number of returns to the origin
Authors: Siripraparat Tatpon , Jongpreechaharn Suporn
Published: June 2024

This research explored the number of returns to the origin within the framework of a symmetric simple random walk. Our primary objective was to approximate the distribution of return events to the origin by utilizing the half-normal distribution, which is chosen for its appropriateness as a limit distribution for nonnegative values. Employing the Stein's method in conjunction with concentration inequalities, we derived an exponential non-uniform bound for the approximation error. This bound signifies a significant advancement in contrast to existing bounds, encompassing both the uniform bounds proposed by Döbler [1] and polynomial non-uniform bounds presented by Sama-ae, Chaidee, and Neammanee [2], and Siripraparat and Neammanee [3].
Recent Resonances of a Century Old Treaty: The Foundation of Lausanne Treaty Emigrants and Civic Diplomacy in the Turkish-Greek Realm
Authors: Vardağlı Emine Tutku
Published: June 2024

Abstract: this study evaluates the Lausanne Population Exchange Protocol and its long-term effects on the Turkish-Greek civil dialogue. The Lausanne Population Exchange Protocol was one of the most contentious protocols of the Lausanne Treaty. The Protocol regulated the compulsory exchange of the Greek Orthodox inhabitants of Turkey with the Muslim inhabitants of Greece. The compulsory character of this forced migration has been debated a lot since the Lausanne Conference in 1923. It was a challenge to the civilization standards in 1920s. A hundred years after, it is a challenge to the contemporary human rights standards. However, the cross-border civil society organizations established by the descendants of the exchanged communities have a potential to reverse the situation and transform this diplomatic stalemate into a peaceful dialogue ground on the centenary.
« Diairesis : La division chez Platon et Aristote » ‒ Présentation du dossier
Authors: CHAINTREUIL Ulysse , POLLAERT Marion
Published: June 2024

La division est une procédure fondamentale de la philosophie de l’Antiquité classique. Elle consiste à décrire un objet en l’inscrivant dans une catégorie générale (son genre) puis à poser des différences ou des distinctions au sein de cette catégorie générale jusqu’à qu’il soit suffisamment caractérisé. Si cette procédure a été longtemps méprisée par la littérature secondaire, elle fait, depuis quelques années, l’objet de l’attention d’un nombre croissant d’études locales. En mettant en regard des études sur la division chez Platon et chez Aristote, le présent dossier espère montrer que la division gagne à être abordée dans une perspective comparative, pour souligner à la fois les continuités entre les deux auteurs, mais aussi les caractéristiques irréductibles de leurs approches respectives.
A Review of Artificial Emotional Intelligence for Human-Computer Interactions
Authors: Vanitha N. Suthanthira , Devi B. Niranjana , Karthikeyan A. , Radhika K. , Anbuselvi D. , Infantiya S. Grace
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the attention towards artificial emotional intelligence (AEI) replicates complex human ability in artificial intelligence systems for researchers. With the integration of emotional intelligence in artificial intelligence is to revolutionize human-computer interactions, more intuitive and simulate human emotions. AEI assimilates various algorithms like natural language processing, machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision. In order to detect emotional changes, these techniques are employed, where the accuracy rate varies with the implementation of predictable emotion recognition. It is crucial to attend the challenges and ethical concerns associated with emotionally intelligent AI. Harnessing the power of AI is to enhance our lives and foster human-computer relationships. This chapter reviews the most effective and versatile emotion recognition applications and challenges to enhance human-computer interaction in diverse domains.
Comparison of the classical approach and costoclavicular approach of ultrasound-guided infraclavicular block: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garg Heena , Makhija Purva , Jain Dhruv , Kumar Shailendra , Kashyap Lokesh
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:

The infraclavicular brachial plexus block (ICB) provides analgesia and anaesthesia of the upper limb. It is given using the classical or the more recently described costoclavicular (CC) approach at the level of cords. This systematic review aimed to assess which approach is better for the ICB in terms of onset, performance, and safety.

Methods:

This PROSPERO (vide registration number CRD42022361636) registered meta-analysis included randomised trials of patients undergoing upper limb surgery in ultrasound-guided ICB from MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and IRCTP from inception to March 2023. The quality of evidence was assessed using GradePro software. The primary outcomes were sensory and motor block onset time and the number of patients having complete block at 30 minutes. Secondary outcomes included block performance time (BPT), number of attempts, duration of the block, and any incidence of complications.

Results:

Five trials with 374 adult patients (classic = 185, CC = 189) were included. No significant difference was found in the sensory (Mean difference (MD): 1.44 minutes [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.06, 5.95]; I2 = 95%; very low level of evidence (LOE); P = 0.53) and motor block onset times (MD: 0.83 minutes [95% CI: 0.96, 2.62]; I2 = 84%; very low LOE P = 0.36) and BPT (MD: 5.06 seconds [95% CI: 38.50, 48.63]; I2 = 98%; very low LOE; P = 0.82) in classic and CC approach of ICB. Trial sequential analysis revealed our sample size to be 0.65% of the required sample size to achieve 80% power, deeming our study underpowered.

Conclusion:

Costoclavicular approach was not superior or inferior to the classical technique for infraclavicular brachial plexus block. However, the quality of evidence is low and further studies are needed to corroborate the findings.
Syndromic diagnosis, sexual behavior, and management in rural population among all cases attending sexually transmitted infection clinic in a tertiary care center from the east-central zone of India: A retrospective study
Authors: Singh Suvesh , Shahid Rashid , Pradhan Swetalina
Published: June 2024

Background:

Rural population constitutes a significant population of our country. According to the regions, the sexual behavior and pattern of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) changes because of variation in health facilities, education, and sociocultural belief.

Objective:

To study the sociodemographic profile, sexual behavior, and pattern of STIs based on the syndromic approach in the rural population attending STIs clinic from the east-central zone of India.

Materials and Methods:

Between January 2020 and July 2022, a retrospective study was carried out in a STIs clinic at a tertiary care facility in India’s east-central region. Data included demographics, clinical profiles (syndromic approach), and sexual behavior from all the rural population suffering from STIs. The data were corroborated using the proper statistical tools.

Results:

Seven hundred and twenty-two (63.6%) of the 1135 STI cases were from the rural population. The gender ratio was 17:1, with 333 (46.1%) patients between the ages of 20 and 30 years. Four hundred and ninety-four (68.4%) of the rural population had education qualifications below the 10th class. The predominant occupation was a homemaker (582; 80.6%). Drug abuse was noted in 13 (1.8%) cases. Lower abdominal pain was the most clinical manifestation seen in 441 (61%) cases, followed by vaginal discharge in 89 (12.3%) cases. The majority of the patients presented with the first episode of symptoms and had a single regular partner with no symptoms in a partner. In 22.9% of cases, the partner had a history of frequent travel. In 94.1% of cases, protective measures were not used.

Conclusions:

Young married adults, female partners, lower education, and low-income classes were among those who had STIs, with frequent unprotected sexual activity. Lower abdominal pain is the most common symptom in this area.
A cross-sectional study of the factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India
Authors: Surendereddy Settipalli , Vijaikumar M. , Jayaraman Ramesh , Vasudevan P. Kavita
Published: June 2024

Context:

Combating human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic has been possible due to advances in prevention strategies and Antiretroviral therapy (ART). Optimal adherence to ART is a major factor in achieving the desired immunological, virological, and patient well-being outcomes. Several socio-demographic, patient, treatment, and health-care system-related factors influence nonadherent behavior to ART.

Aims:

This study was planned to assess (1) ART adherence level, (2) factors and reasons associated with nonadherence, and (3) impact of suboptimal adherence on treatment outcomes.

Settings and Design:

This was a cross-sectional analytical study of 300 patients in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India.

Methods:

Random sampling was used to collect data from patient treatment cards and a predesigned structured questionnaire. The pill count method was used to calculate adherence level.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Nonadherence was chosen as a dependent variable and factors affecting adherence were chosen as independent variables. Test for significance was carried out by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.

Results:

Optimal adherence was seen in 68.3%. Factors significantly associated with nonadherence were lower education level, high prior CD4 count, irregular follow-up, missing doses in the past, and being late for pharmacy pill refills. Adherence was positively associated with mean increase in CD4 count over 6 months.

Conclusions:

In our study, the adherence rate is suboptimal which can lead to failure of ART. Nonadherence was associated with a decrease in CD4 count overtime. Most of the factors significantly affecting ART adherence were patient behavior related. These factors can be used for target intervention during reinforcement adherence counseling.
Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus in a child living with HIV
Authors: Tambe Swagata , Jangid Kirti , Shinde Geeta , Jadhav Shubhada , Mahobia Shraddha , Lala Mamatha , Gabhale Yashwant
Published: June 2024

Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) constitutes approximately 10% of SLE cases. The diagnosis and management of this condition remains to be a challenge in the pediatric population. The distinguishing clinical features are less pronounced male-to-female ratio, more organ damage, and higher disease activity compared to adult-onset disease. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus is rare in children. We report a case of drug-induced SLE in a child on antiretroviral therapy.
Comparative evaluation of increase in temperature on the external root surface of teeth during retrieval of broken NiTi instrument using two ultrasonic tips and two power settings: An in vitro study
Authors: Jain Ashish K. , Jain Rishabhkumar , Rao Rahul , Rao Prajakta , Yadav Pooja , Thorat Vinayak
Published: June 2024

Context:

An unfavorable event that can hinder endodontic treatment and affect the outcome of root canal treatment is the separation of endodontic instruments. Endodontic instrument separation can occur due to clinical or metallurgical factors. Friction between the ultrasonic tip and the remaining dentin generates heat, which is subsequently transferred to the external root surface. Elevated temperatures exceeding 10°C above body temperature for more than a minute may result in injury to periodontal or bone tissue.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare temperature rise on the external root surface of teeth during retrieval of broken NiTi instrument using two different ultrasonic tips and two power settings.

Materials and Methods:

In each group, a sample size of 8 was sufficient to attain a statistical power exceeding 90%, enabling the detection of a minimum mean difference of 0.9204 (delta) through a one-way ANOVA test at a 95% confidence level (alpha 0.05). After access opening and working length determination, samples were randomly distributed into two groups - Group 1 (A and B) - ProUltra tip at high and low power settings and Group 2 (A and B) - Cric Dental IR3 at high and low power settings. The temperature rise was measured using K-type thermocouple thermometer. The comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with pairwise comparisons using the Dunn’s test.

Results:

Group 1A and Group 1B resulted in lower heat generation compared to Group 2A and 2B and its difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Minimum temperature rise is seen in the ProUltra group at lower power settings (Group 1A) at the apical level and maximum temperature rise is seen in the Cric Dental IR3 group at higher power settings (Group 2B) at the middle third level.

Conclusion:

It was found that there is a significant temperature rise seen when ultrasonic tips are used for the retrieval of separated files, especially at higher power settings. The ProUltra tip demonstrated the lowest temperature rise at lower power settings, particularly at the apical level, whereas the IR3 Cric Dental tip exhibited the highest temperature rise, notably at higher power settings and the middle third level.
A comparative evaluation of the effect of eugenol exposure time on the bond strength of an etch-and-rinse and a self-etch adhesive to dentin: An in vitro study
Authors: Khaitan Anshuman , Mondal Parthasarathi , Mandal Kurchi , Das Joydeep , Karmakar Debjyoti , Das Snigdho
Published: June 2024

Aim:

The study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effect of eugenol exposure time on the micro-shear bond strength (μ-SBS) of etch-and-rinse and a self-etch adhesive to dentin.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred and twelve teeth samples were prepared from bisectioning 56 freshly extracted human mandibular molars and were randomly divided into 14 subgroups of 8 samples each (n = 8). Three subgroups containing eugenol and a noneugenol-based restorative material were placed on the dentin surface and left for 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days, respectively, and were compared to a control. Two bonding systems were evaluated: one being etch-and-rinse and the other self-etch adhesive. The μ-SBS were calculated and expressed in MPa.

Statistical Analysis:

The data were analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%.

Results:

There was a statistically significant reduction in the μ-SBS values when the self-etch adhesive was used, after the removal of eugenol-containing cement placed for 24 h. However, the reduction in the μ-SBS values after 7 days or 14 days was not significant.

Conclusion:

Exposure to eugenol containing temporary cement for 24 h significantly reduces the μ-SBS of self-etching adhesives to dentin. However, exposure for 1 week or more has minimal effects.
Comparative evaluation of the effects of different torque settings on dentinal crack formation using single- and multi-file system: An in vitro study
Authors: Katkam Lavanya Rajendraprasad , Maheshwari Zinnie , Reddy Kranthikumar S. , Gandhi Pranita Pravin , Deore Rahul B. , Kharkar Atharv Pramod
Published: June 2024

Context:

To improve efficiency, biomechanical preparation in root canal treatment is shifting from manual SS to nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary devices. While multi-file NiTi systems entail crack and fracture issues, modern single-file systems address these concerns.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of different torque settings on dentinal crack formation using single-file systems (SFS) (One Curve [OC]) and multi-file systems (ProTaper Next [PTN]) at different levels of the tooth.

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted on 45 freshly extracted human mandibular premolars divided into groups: OC at minimal and maximal torque, PTN at minimal and maximal torque, and a control group. After canal preparation, teeth were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex, and then examined for cracks using a stereomicroscope.

Statistical Analysis Used:

This was analyzed using Chi-square test.

Results:

PTN group: Highest crack rates at the middle (55.6%) and apical (77.8%) thirds with maximum torque; OC group: Highest rates at the middle (22.2%) with minimal torque and apical (11.1%) with maximum torque.

Conclusions:

Maximal torque settings had more incidence of cracks compared to minimal torque settings. It can be stated that SFS (OC) produced less cracks compared to multi-file system (PTN) at both minimal and maximal torque settings.
Evaluating the ability of cultivated odontoblasts to form dentin-like tissue in vitro using fibroblast growth factor and insulin-like growth factor
Authors: Bhargava Karan , Raghavendra Srinidhi Surya , Mulay Sanjyot , Hindlekar Ajit , Kharat Avinash , Kheur Supriya
Published: June 2024

Aim:

The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of cultivated odontoblast to form dentin-like tissue using fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF).

Materials and Methods:

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were extracted from 10 human teeth. They were isolated and cultivated in vitro with the use of stem cell markers. The human DPSCs were characterized for trilineage differentiation. They were then differentiated into odontoblasts. The ability of cultivated odontoblasts to form dentin-like tissue was evaluated using FGF and IGF.

Results:

IGF showed superior ability to form dentin-like tissue as compared to FGF. The addition of FGF showed no significant difference in the formation of dentin-like tissue. A combination of FGF and IGF in odontoblast showed an enhanced ability to form dentin-like tissue.

Conclusion:

The use of growth factors IGF and FGF with dental stem cells showed a greater potential to form dentin-like tissue. This can profoundly alter the paradigms of conservative vital pulp therapy, which may eventually make it possible to treat dental diseases by regeneration of lost dentine.
Influence of periapical lesion volume on the radiodensity of surrounding bone: A CBCT study
Authors: Boubaris Matthew , Cameron Andrew B , Love Robert , George Roy
Published: June 2024

Aim:

This study assesses if the size of periapical lesions has an effect on the bone immediately peripheral to an apical lesion.

Methods:

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 271 periapical lesions were analyzed using Mimics Research™ to determine the CBCT periapical lesion volume index (CBCTPAVI) score, along with the radiodensity of the lesion, lesion border, and surrounding bone in 0.5 mm increments up to 2.0 mm peripheral to the apical lesion. The one-way analysis of variance was used to assess for significant differences in the radiodensity of the lesion, border, and peripheral bone, as well as differences among CBCTPAVI scores.

Results:

The radiodensity of bone peripheral to the apical lesion increased significantly up to 1.0 mm around the lesion’s perimeter. In addition, lesions with higher CBCTPAVI scores showed a significantly greater difference in the radiodensity from the lesion to the lesion border and the peripheral bone, compared to lesions with smaller CBCTPAVI scores.

Conclusions:

This study for the first time shows the influence of periapical lesion size on the radiodensity of bone peripheral to an apical lesion. Variations in radiodensity at the perimeter of a periapical lesion can be influenced by the size of the lesion, possibly indicating differences in defense response. Knowledge of these phenomena may provide information on bone healing and enhance our understanding of bone peripheral to a periapical lesion.
Osseous Leiomyosarcoma: A Rare Entity
Authors: Patel Monik , Shah Aastha , Mehta Maitrik , Parikh Ankita
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Leiomyosarcomas represent a group of aggressive soft-tissue sarcomas arising from smooth muscle cells primarily found in the uterus and gastrointestinal tract. Leiomyosarcomas of the bone are extremely rare. We report a rare case of leiomyosarcoma of the tibia. A 71-year-old male patient presented to our department with the chief complaint of painful swelling over the left knee for 3 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium of the left knee showed a 7.5 cm × 6 cm × 5 cm bony lesion associated with a soft-tissue component in the upper epimetaphysis of the left tibia. A biopsy of the lesion showed a malignant spindle cell tumor, following which the patient was offered two cycles of adriamycin single-agent chemotherapy. Postchemotherapy MRI showed progression of the lesion to the size of 9.9 cm × 8.2 cm × 6.5 cm, involving the articular surface of the tibia. Following progression, the patient was planned for wide local excision of the lesion, which turned out to be leiomyosarcoma Grade III with a mitotic rate of 30/10 high power field, and the size of the lesion’s largest diameter was 8 cm with soft-tissue infiltration. Margins were clear, and there were no adverse features of lymphovascular and perineural invasion or articular cartilage infiltration. Immunohistochemistry markers were used to confirm the bony origin of the leiomyosarcoma, which is extremely rare. Actin, calponin, and S 100 were positive, and CD 34, SOX 10, and SATB2 were negative. All surgical slides examined showed no evidence of osteoid. Postoperative positron emission computed tomography revealed no evidence of any disease, and thereby, the plan was to keep the patient on close follow-up. Multiple studies have reported a poor response of leiomyosarcoma of the bone to chemotherapy, as well as minimal overall survival benefit. The radical surgical excision of a bony lesion with the achievement of negative margins is similar to that of other primary malignant bone tumors. Sarcomas are generally believed to be radioresistant in nature, and thereby, their role in either a neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting is controversial. A multidisciplinary approach should be used in such rare cases as leiomyosarcomas of osseous origin.
Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor prevents neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental ischemic stroke
Authors: Feng Shuai , Li Juanji , Liu Tingting , Huang Shiqi , Chen Xiangliang , Liu Shen , Zhou Junshan , Zhao Hongdong , Hong Ye
Published: June 2024

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00027/figure1/v/2024-11-07T113602Z/r/image-tiff

Neurotoxic astrocytes are a promising therapeutic target for the attenuation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Low-density lipoprotein receptor, a classic cholesterol regulatory receptor, has been found to inhibit NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in neurons following ischemic stroke and to suppress the activation of microglia and astrocytes in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. However, little is known about the effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor on astrocytic activation in ischemic stroke. To address this issue in the present study, we examined the mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein receptor regulates astrocytic polarization in ischemic stroke models. First, we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in astrocytes via immunofluorescence staining and western blotting analysis. We observed significant downregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Second, we induced the astrocyte-specific overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor using astrocyte-specific adeno-associated virus. Low-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression in astrocytes improved neurological outcomes in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and reversed neurotoxic astrocytes to create a neuroprotective phenotype. Finally, we found that the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injured astrocytes and that the addition of nigericin, an NLRP3 agonist, restored the neurotoxic astrocyte phenotype. These findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor could inhibit the NLRP3-meidiated neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes and that increasing low-density lipoprotein receptor in astrocytes might represent a novel strategy for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.
Visual information and the development/control of myopia: Insights from nonhuman primate experiences
Authors: Hung Li-Fang
Published: June 2024

Over the past few decades, primarily by animal studies, correspondingly reinforced by epidemiological, clinical studies and controlled trials, researchers have identified that visual feedback regulates eye refractive developments, with visual image alterations being the most influential myopiagenic environmental factor. This article reviews studies using nonhuman primates to investigate visual risk factors for myopia development and evaluates and summarizes which visual factors contribute to the occurrence and progression of myopia. The possible underlying myopiagenic mechanisms and related myopia prevention/control strategies are also discussed.
A descriptive approach to higher derived limits
Authors: Bannister Nathaniel , Bergfalk Jeffrey , Moore Justin Tatch , Todorcevic Stevo
Published: June 2024

We present a new aspect of the study of higher derived limits. More precisely, we introduce a complexity measure for the elements of higher derived limits over the directed set

\Omega

of functions from

\mathbb{N}

to

\mathbb{N}

and prove that cocycles of this complexity are images of cochains of roughly the same complexity. In the course of this work, we isolate a partition principle for powers of directed sets and show that whenever this principle holds, the corresponding derived limit

\lim\nolimits^{n}

is additive; vanishing results for this limit are the typical corollary. The formulation of this partition hypothesis synthesizes and clarifies several recent advances in this area.
Liberation and Christianity in South Sudan
Authors: Biar Zechariah Manyok
Published: June 2024

Christianity in Africa is swaying between vigorous devotion to mundane flourishing and partial commitment to biblical principles that guarantee eternal life. Nevertheless, the quest for eternal life is conceivably still about liberating oneself from idol worship. Values of African Traditional Religions that many South Sudanese learned before becoming Christians seem more robust than the biblical values they now learn in their Churches. African values appear to be sturdier than biblical values. This study observes discussions in Bible study classes by Rejaf Diocese to understand what appeals more to Christians when discussing biblical passages. I examine possible gaps in biblical interpretation in this Diocese. I try to understand whether or not biblical values are articulated coherently in ways that shape the daily lives of Christians in South Sudanese churches.
Association Between Myopia And The Abo/Rh Blood Groups Among College Of Science Students, KNUST
Authors: Amponsah Marfo Melvic , Awuni Hagar Asantewaa , Kyeremeh Sylvester , Koomson Nana Yaa
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This cross-sectional study sought to determine the association between ABO/Rh blood groups and myopia among adults in Ghana
Methods: This study was conducted among randomly selected 407 students at the College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. Non-cycloplegic objective refraction using an autorefractor was used to determine the refractive status. ABO/Rh blood groups were determined using the tile method. Data was entered and cleaned with Microsoft Excel Version 16.0 and analyzed with Stata Version 15 employing Pearson’s Chi-square test of association and Fisher’s exact tests to ascertain the association between myopia and ABO/Rh blood groups. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.
Results: A total of 310 students participated in the study, out of which 169 (54.52%) were females and 141 (45.48%) were males. The average (±SD) age of the students was 21.30 (±2.06). The mean spherical equivalent measurements (±SD) for emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes were +0.01D (±0.26), -1.51D (±1.25) and +0.85D (±0.79), respectively. Myopia prevalence was 34.19%. The blood group prevalence in the population was O, B, A, and AB, with Rh+ being more common than Rh-. The chi-square test indicated no significant correlation between myopia and ABO or Rh blood groups (p-values of 0.381 and 0.0802, respectively).
Conclusion: While our research did not find any significant correlation between myopia and ABO/ Rh blood groups, we observed intriguing patterns of refractive errors and blood groups distribution influenced by various factors.
Rice Husk Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement in Sustainable Construction
Authors: Alieu Jallow , Owusu Twumasi Jones , Owusu Afrifa Russel , Amponsah Evans , Banahene Osei Jack , Adom-Asamoah Mark , Charles
Published: June 2024

Alternative construction materials derived from agricultural waste, such as rice husk ash (RHA) and groundnut shell ash, have enhanced the sustainability and performance of concrete structures. The use of these ash materials, with their inherent pozzolanic and mineral admixture properties, has received much attention in the construction industry due to their potential benefits. In this experimental investigation, we assessed the attributes of cement paste incorporating RHA as a pozzolanic substitute. Various replacement ratios, ranging from 0% to 25% by weight of the binder, were examined at different water-to-binder ratios (0.40, 0.45, 0.50, and 0.55). Cementitious specimens were cast in 50mm x 50mm x 50mm cube molds, cured for seven days, and subjected to compressive strength testing. The findings highlight the impact of water-to-binder ratios and cement replacement levels on the compressive strength of cement paste. Higher water-to-binder ratios were associated with reduced compressive strength in the hardened paste. The optimal cement replacement levels were observed at 15% for the hardened blended paste specimens for all water-to-binder ratios. Two empirical regression models (polynomial and power) were employed to analyze the relationships between the paste’s replacement ratios, water-to-binder ratios, and compressive strength. The models revealed consistent findings, with the power model demonstrating an inverse relationship between compressive strength and water-to-binder ratios, while the polynomial model’s coefficients indicated a positive correlation between replacement ratios and compressive strength
Assessment of Effective Geriatric Care Services Among Health Care Practitioners in Ashanti Region Protocol of a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Amoateng Emmanuel , Manasseh Wireko Bannor , Assah Augustine Yaw , Opare-Addo Henry Sakyi
Published: June 2024

BackgroundIn Africa, the elderly population is increasing at the fastest rate and this has become a burden as the rate is not proportional to the investment in health to meet their deteriorating health needs. Together with poor health care services, this creates discrepancies in access to health due to the financial limitations of the aged. Poor care services are related to poor knowledge, and bad perception hence this study seeks to explore the health practitioners’ level of knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), and perception toward geriatric care.MethodsUsing a convenient sampling technique, 257 participants consisting of medical doctors, nurses, and physician assistants will be recruited within two months from three (3) polyclinic hospitals in the Ashanti Region (Tafo Government Hospital Suntreso Government Hospital and Kumasi South Hospital). A structured questionnaire will be used to assess KAP. Knowledge will be accessed by the use of the Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz (KOP-Q) while perception uses and attitude utilizes Nolan and Kogan’s attitude towards old people scale.ResultsThe study will provide insight into the current state of geriatric care in the country especially among health practitioners. It will provide insight into the unique factors contributing to the quality of care health professionals give to the aged. Again, the study will offer the management of the respective hospitals the enormity of the problem (health professional’s knowledge, attitude, and practice of geriatric care) and put in measures to address them
Socio-ecological Benefit of Homegarden Agroforestry and Their Indigenous Management System: A Case Study in Digelu Tijo District, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Edo Kasim , Kidane Leul , Beyene Tadesse
Published: June 2024

Home gardens (HGs) are thriving traditional food systems safeguarding a rich agrobiodiversity. They supply basic needs as well as ceremonial and religious benefits to households (HHs). However, documentation of HGs in Ethiopia is inadequate and patchy. This ethnobotanical study was carried out in Digelu Tijo District Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia to identify and document plant species diversity in HGs and the associated indigenous ecological knowledge of the local people. Four kebeles were selected based on their worthy traditional HG practice and detailed indigenous knowledge of the community. From these sites, 130 respondents (HG owners) were selected based on their good HG practice and management. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, guided garden tours, group discussions, and market surveys. Data were analyzed by preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, descriptive and inferential statistics, Sørensen’s similarity index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and Pearson correlation coefficients. HG areas range from 0.04 ha to 0.25 ha with a mean of 0.12 ha. A total of 72 useful plant species were documented. Fabaceae was the most frequently observed family containing ten species, followed by Solanaceae. The plant species comprised, 33% trees, 23% shrubs, 42% herbs, and 3% climbers. Eight social use categories were identified: edible plants (26%), medicinal plants (24%), forage plants (11%), plants for construction (10%), for income generation (9%), ornamentals (8%), spices (7%) and for shading (5%). The Shannon-Wiener indices of plant diversity (H’) ranged between sites from 2.53 to 3.33. Ecological values of the HGs in the study area include maintenance of soil fertility, habitat provision to many organisms, enhancement of water quality, prevention of soil erosion, carbon sequestration, and improving soil moisture by providing shade. HGs are important for food security and restoring ecosystem services, particularly in ruined regions. The HGs are highly diversified with different plant species providing multiple uses and several ecological goods and services, but their potential is beyond this. They are threatened by various factors like lack of water, lack of access to quality seed/seedlings, disease and pests, poor access to markets, and insufficient technical support by agricultural experts. Therefore, for enhanced and integrated conservation of these rich resources and to ensure food security, joint efforts by all concerned stakeholders are required.
Economic Expertise and Large Infrastructures Projects: The 2019 Cost Benefit Analysis of the Lyon Turin Project
Authors: Massiani Jérôme
Published: June 2024

This paper reviews the contribution of experts to the appraisal of large infrastructures, looking at the evaluation performed in 2019 in Italy by the Ministry of Infrastructures and Transports on the Lyon-Turin railway project. This evaluation had been initiated in a particular context, linked to a visible policy agenda and while the construction of the tunnel had already begun. The appraisal has produced surprising results, mostly counterintuitive and heavily criticized. We analyse these results and show how they can be valid, in that they would not result from inconsistency in the method but from the peculiar features of the project (low initial demand, high mode transfer compared with initial traffic, high road tax and toll levels). We also check the validity of some paradoxical results of the assessment. Moreover, the public debate has been made more difficult due to an inconsistency in EU evaluation Guidelines. Also, we analyse mechanisms that affect the credibility of experts and we find that the influence of experts in the public debate has little to see with the inherent consistency of the methods used.

Cet article examine la contribution des experts à l’évaluation économique des grands projets à la lumière de l’évaluation du Lyon-Turin réalisée en Italie en 2019. Cette évaluation est née dans un contexte particulier caractérisé par une commande politique manifeste et pour un chantier entamé. L’évaluation, globalement négative, a produit des résultats inattendus, contre-intuitifs et fortement critiqués. Nous analysons ces résultats et mettons en évidence qu’ils apparaissent valides et dépendent des caractéristiques extrêmement particulières du projet : faible trafic initial, forte hypothèse de report modal, fiscalité et péages routiers élevés. Nous expliquons aussi certains résultats paradoxaux de l’analyse. En outre, le débat technique a été rendu particulièrement difficile en raison d’une incohérence dans les modalités de calcul préconisées par le Guide méthodologique de l’Union Européenne. Nous analysons ensuite les mécanismes de légitimation et de délégitimation de l’expertise économique à l’œuvre dans cet épisode. Une conclusion est que ce n’est pas la qualité du calcul économique qui en détermine l’acceptation et l’influence dans le débat public.
EDUCATION, PHILOLOGY, LITERATURE: THE MAIN FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE OUTLOOK OF A CHILD AND AN ADULT
Authors: Vladlenov Denis , Yatsenko Larysa , Matvieieva Olena , Yurchenko Oksana , Popova Olena , Михалюк Алла , Михалюк Ілона , Panchenko Volodymyr , Ніколова Олександра , Василина Катерина , Василина Роман , Єпик Лариса Іванівна , Петренко Наталія Миколаївна , Zaverzaev Valery , Kovalenko Olena , Holota Natalija , Karnaukhova Antonina , Єпик Даниіл Валерійович , Poliakova Yuliia , Stepanov Andriy , Saifutdinova Olena , Бірюков Віктор , Усенко Дарья , Герганов Леонід , Козар Тарас , Добрянський Дмитро , Тарченко Інна , Яременко Олег , Коляденко Дарья , Золотарьова Тетяна , Дячук Павло Вікторович , Умбетов Абилхан Умбетович
Published: June 2024

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ГРАД(ОВИ) У ЛИРСКИМ ЗАПИСИМА МИЛОСАВА ТЕШИЋА
Authors:   Универзитет у Крагујевцу, Филолошко-уметнички факултет, Мојсиловић Милица
Published: June 2024

Основна намера рада јесте сагледавање симптоматичног саодношења лирског субјекта и града на примеру лирских записа Са станишта брезових дедова Милосава Тешића. Град је у поменутом делу представљен као антипод завичају, па је иницијално означен као негативан ентитет. Лирски субјект настоји да кроз повратак природи свог родног краја оснажи своје аутентично постојање, које је у градском окружењу угрожено. Међутим, унутар структуре лирских записа могуће је уочити формирање још једног, са- свим другачије конципираног града.
БЛАЖЕ КОНЕСКИ – НОВА ЧИТАЊА У СРПСКОЈ НАУЦИ О КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ
Authors:   Универзитет у Нишу, Филозофски факултет, Костадиновић Данијела
Published: June 2024

Kњижевно и научно дело Блажа Конеског је од самих почетака изазивало па- жњу српске научне јавности. О стваралаштву Конеског написан је завидан број студија, огледа, чланака и монографских публикација. У уводном делу рада најпре се осврћемо на претходна читања поетског, приповедачког и есејистичког опуса Конеског која су отво- рила могућност за нова истраживања у генолошком, наратолошком, методичком, ин- тертекстуалном, књижевнотеоријском, књижевноисторијском, књижевнокритичком и компаративном кључу. Према новијим читањима његовог дела усмерена су испитивања у средишњем делу рада са циљем да се проучи критичка рецепција у актуелном културном и књижевном времену.