bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Keperilakuan Atas Konsumsi Produk Bajakan
Authors: Achmad Nur , Saputro Edy Purwo
Published: April 2017

Behavioral research on the case of mp3 music downloading is an interesting study since this case seems correlated to many occasions. An empiric study results that this kind of behavior happens not merely in the developed industrial countries but also in developing countries. On the one side, the results from empirical research indicates various factors, and on the other side there is research gap suitable for the observation settings in this research. This research aims to find out the behavioral models on the consumption of piracy products, especially concerning on the mp3 music downloading. This research involves a number of 100 students for the research samples, and utilizes structural analysis supported by maximum likelihood method. Indirectly, the result is reinforcing the arguments related to the various factors which is enforcing mp3 music downloading behaviors, although from the other point of view, this research found the importance of rational model on the mp3 music downloading behavior. The limitedness on this research will become a suggestion for the future research to the variable explorations and observation settings in order to support the generalization process of the results in accordance with behavioral research.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian keperilakuan berkenaan dengan kasus pengunduhan file musik dalam format mp3 merupakan sebuah studi yang menarik oleh karena hal ini tampaknya berkorelasi dengan berbagai kegiatan. Hasil-hasil studi empirik menunjukkan bahwa perilaku semacam itu terjadi bukan hanya di negara-negara maju tetapi juga di negara-negara sedang berkembang. Di satu sisi, hasil-hasil penelitian empiris menunjukkan terdapat berbagai faktor, namun di sisi lain masih terdapat kesenjangan penelitian yang dapat diobservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pada konsumsi produk bajakan, terutama menyangkut pada pengunduhan file musik dalam format mp3. Penelitian ini melibatkan 100 siswa sebagai sampel penelitian dan menggunakan analisis struktural yang didukung dengan metode maximum likelihood. Secara tidak langsung, hasil penelitian ini memperkuat argumen terkait dengan berbagai faktor yang mendorong perilaku untuk mengunduh file musik dalam format mp3, meskipun dari sudut pandang lain, penelitian ini menemukan pentingnya model rasional pada perilaku mengunduh file musik dalam format mp3. Keterbatasan pada penelitian ini menjadi saran untuk penelitian masa depan, yakni berkaitan dengan eksplorasi variabel dan pengaturan observasi dalam rangka mendukung proses generalisasi penelitian keperilakuan.
Determinan Permodalan Bank Melalui Profitabilitas, Risiko, Ukuran Perusahaan, Efisiensi Dan Struktur Aktiva
Authors: Haryanto Sugeng
Published: April 2017

This study analyzes the influence of causality between the CAR, profitability, risk, company size, efficiency and asset structure of the banking industry. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling, with the criteria of banks have gone public before 2008, publish the financial statements for 2008-2013. The total sample of 23 banks. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of profitability, risk, company size, efficiency and capital structure of the bank's assets. The analysis technique used multiple linear regression. The results showed that the profitability, size and asset structure  have the positive impact toward CAR.  While the risk of bank have the negative impact toward CAR. Efficiency does not impact the CAR. The contribution of this study for the management of banking industry, researchers and regulators (Bank Indonesia) is that there is a must to increase CAR in order to increase the competitiveness of the national banking system.

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini menganalisis kausalitas antara CAR, profitabilitas, risiko, ukuran perusahaan, efisiensi dan struktur aset industri perbankan. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria bank telah go public sebelum 2008 dan menerbitkan laporan keuangan 2008-2013. Total sampel adalah 23 bank. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas, risiko, ukuran perusahaan, efisiensi dan struktur modal dari aset bank. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profitabilitas, ukuran dan struktur aktiva memiliki dampak positif terhadap CAR. Sementara itu, risiko bank memiliki dampak negatif terhadap CAR. Efisiensi tidak berdampak pada CAR. Kontribusi penelitian ini untuk pengelolaan industri perbankan, peneliti dan regulator (Bank Indonesia) adalah bahwa ada suatu keharusan untuk meningkatkan rasio kecukupan modal dalam rangka meningkatkan daya saing perbankan nasional.
Analisis Anteseden Kewirausahaan Di Perusahaan Keluarga
Authors: Wijayanti Ariyani Wahyu , Insani Salman Faris
Published: April 2017

This research examines and analyzes the corporate entrepreneurship antecedent in family firms; the willingness to change, generation involvement, perceived technological opportunity, and strategic planning. The samples of this research are family firms which located in the center of batik industry in Surakarta, Sukoharjo, and Sragen. Eighty two respondents in this study are business owners or respective family members who are involved in managing the organization and able to disclose required information for this research. The research used non-probability sampling and purposive sampling as the method and technique. By using multiple regression analysis, the findings have shown that corporate entrepreneurship antecedent is a willingness to change and strategic planning, while generation involvement and perceived technological opportunity do not influence on corporate entrepreneurship.
Tingkat Ketergantungan, Kompleksitas Pemerintah, dan Tingkat Pengungkapan Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Pandansari Tiara
Published: April 2017

This research aims to measure the disclosure level of local governments’ financial reports in Central Java Province. More importantly, we also investigate factors associated with the disclosure level. We measure the disclosure level using the Modified LGA Index. Meanwhile we use the local government’ dependence and government complexity as the independent variables. Using purposive sampling method, this research generates 32 local governments (districts/ municipals) as the final sample. The descriptive analysis suggests that the average value of the disclosure level is 58.46%. Meanwhile, local governments’ dependence on general allocation funds (DAU) and shared revenue funds (DBH) affect the disclosure level. However, we do not find significant effect between local governments’ dependence on special allocation funds (DAK) and government complexity on the disclosure level.

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat pengungkapan dalam laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah di Jawa Tengah, serta menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Tingkat pengungkapan diukur dengan menggunakan Modified LGA Index, sedangkan sebagai variabel bebas yang digunakan adalah tingkat ketergantungan daerah, dan kompleksitas pemerintahan. Sampel penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling method, sehingga diperoleh ukuran sampel yaitu 32 laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengungkapan pada masing-masing sampel. Rata-rata nilai pengungkapan sebesar 58,46  persen. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ketergantungan terhadap Dana Alokasi Umum dan tingkat ketergantungan terhadap Dana Bagi Hasil berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pengungkapan,  tingkat ketergantungan terhadap Dana Alokasi Khusus, dan kompleksitas pemerintah tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pengungkapan dalam laporan keuangan pemerintah daerah.
Atria: A comprehensive evaluation with echocardiography
Authors: Baysan Oben , Ocaklı Ezgi , Altuner Tugba , Kocaman Sinan
Published: April 2017

Left and right atria have gained interest from scientific community. Two or three- dimensional echocardiographic methods have been implemented for better understanding of atrial functions in both healthy persons and patients with various diseases. Atrial volume could be calculated from 2D or 3D images. Volumetric data and derived parameters could be used for determining atrial phasic functions. Nowadays, atrial deformation imaging with 2D-TDI, 2D-speckle tracking imaging or with recently introduced 3D speckle tracking is possible. All those methods have some advantages and disadvantages, which define their clinical value in the future.
CONTABILIDADE APLICADA AO SETOR PÚBLICO: UMA ANÁLISE DA PRESTAÇÃO DE CONTAS COMO INSTRUMENTO DE AUTOAVALIAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Favreto Elemar K. , Alves Francilene S. , Silva Juliana C. S. , Melo Mariano T.
Published: April 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo a ampliação dos conhecimentos contábeis aplicados ao setor público, mostrando a importância do contador dentro das instituições públicas e de como ele pode desenvolver mecanismos de autoavaliação, com o intuito de produzir um planejamento mais eficaz, a partir da análise do Relatório de Gestão Fiscal e da Prestação de Contas institucionais. Esses dois instrumentos, solicitados pelos Tribunais de Contas, não podem ser vistos unicamente como uma obrigação do gestor, mas, acima de tudo, como um meio de analisar se a organização executa ou não o seu planejamento, e se tais ações possuem um impacto real dentro da sociedade. Este trabalho tem como horizonte metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo em vista não só a análise da bibliografia pertinente à contabilidade aplicada ao setor público, mas também a revisão das Instruções Normativas do TCU e, a título de exemplo, do TCE/RR, assim como alguns documentos que compuseram o Relatório de Gestão Fiscal e a Prestação de Contas de uma Instituição Pública Indireta pertence
Companhia de águas e esgotos de Roraima- CAER: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL EM RORAIMA
Authors: Possebon Aletéia M. P. , Oliveira Sandra K. S.
Published: April 2017

A necessidade de um novo pensar, na relação entre o ser humano e a natureza, vem crescendo devido à grande degradação que o ser humano tem causado ao meio ambiente. As empresas possuem responsabilidade nesse contexto e são cobradas por sua postura ambiental. Dessa forma, o estudo trata de uma pesquisa documental nos relatórios das ações de Educação Ambiental realizadas pela Companhia de águas e esgotos de Roraima- CAER no período de julho de 2015 a março de 2016. Nota-se que, mesmo preocupada com a EA, a Companhia precisa trabalhar a EA de forma mais abrangente, alcançando a população dos demais municípios de Roraima. É preciso elaborar ferramentas para monitorar o processo posterior às atividades, bem como uma maior divulgação das ações e de envolvimento de instituições e grupos da sociedade.
Mechanistic Investigations of C–H Activations on Silica-Supported Co(ii) Sites in Catalytic Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Estes Deven P.
Published: April 2017

Catalytic reactions involving C–H bond activations are central to the chemical industry. One such example, alkane dehydrogenation, has recently become very important due to shortfalls in propene production and a large supply of cheap propane. However, current technologies are
inefficient and have only moderate selectivity. In order to understand how to improve currently used catalysts, we must know more about the mechanism by which propane is dehydrogenated. We show here that Co(ii) sites on silica are good catalysts for the dehydrogenation
of propane, having high activity and selectivity that is reasonably stable over the course of 10 h. Mechanistic investigations of this catalyst show that the main activation mechanism is most likely C–H activation by 1,2 addition.
DNA Polymerase Inhibition by High Kinetic Stability of T-HgII-T Base Pairs
Authors: Schmidt Olivia P.
Published: April 2017

A fluorescent surrogate of thymidine called DMAT was used for the first fluorescence-based study of HgII binding to discrete T-T sites in duplex DNA. The fluorescent properties of DMAT-A base pairs were highly sensitive to wild-type T-HgII-T
base pair formation at an adjacent site, allowing for a determination of the precise thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of these metal binding reactions. T-HgII-T complexes exhibited equilibrium dissociation constants of Kd ? 8–50 nM. These high-affinity
binding interactions are characterized by very slow association and dissociation kinetics (kon ? 104– 105 M–1s–1, koff ? 10–4 – 10–3s–1),
revealing exceptionally high kinetic stabilities of T-HgII-T base pairs (half-lives = 0.3–1.3 h). Duplex DNA containing DMAT and no T-T mismatch exhibited nonspecific HgII binding affinities of Kd ? 2.0 ?M. The high kinetic
stabilities of T-HgII-T resulted in the inhibition of dynamic processes such as DNA strand invasion and strand displacement during enzymatic DNA synthesis, which led to premature chain termination. These results demonstrated that T-HgII-T base pairs are kinetically distinct from T-A base pairs and therefore are likely to disrupt DNA metabolism in vivo.
CO Cleavage and CO2 Functionalization under Mild Conditions by a Multimetallic CsU2 Nitride Complex
Authors: Falcone Marta , Chatelain Lucile , Scopelliti Rosario , Mazzanti Marinella
Published: April 2017

Novel efficient chemical processes involving cheap and widely accessible carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide under mild conditions for the production of valuable chemical products are highly desirable in the current energetic context. Uranium nitride materials act as high activity catalysts
in the Haber-Bosch process but the reactivity of molecular nitride compounds remains unexplored. Here we review recent results obtained in our group showing that a multimetallic nitride complex [Cs{[U(OSi(OtBu)3)3]2(?-N)}] (1) with
a CsUIV-N-UIV core, is able to promote N–C bond formation due to its strong nucleophile behaviour. In particular, complex 1, in the presence of excess CO2 leads to a remarkable dicarbamate product. The multimetallic CsUIV-N-UIV nitride also readily cleaves the C?O bond under mild conditions.
Engineering Nanosized Organosilica for Molecular Recognition and Biocatalysis Applications
Authors: Correro M. Rita , Dudal Yves , Corvini Philippe F.-X. , Shahgaldian Patrick
Published: April 2017

A series of synthetic nanomaterials capable of molecular recognition and/or biocatalysis have been produced by exploiting the self-sorting, self-assembly and polycondensation of organosilane building blocks around protein templates. The established methodology allows for the production
of thin organosilica layers of controlled thickness, down to nanometer precision. Fully synthetic virus recognition materials have been shown to specifically bind their target virus down to picomolar concentrations. The shielding of natural enzymes allowed producing nanobiocatalysts functioning under harsh operational conditions.
A Recollection with Respect to Flow Induced Crystallization in Polymer Melt Processing
Authors: Janeschitz-Kriegl H.
Published: April 2017

A review is given of the work in the field of flow induced crystallization in polymer melts, as has been carried out during the last twenty five years mostly in Linz. A concise discussion of some results of a recent monograph is given. In this connection polymer melt rheology provides insights into the differences of information, as provided by shear and extensional flow. These differences show up with increased degrees of deformation. One finds four important pictures in this report:

An electron micrograph of the crystalline structure in a cross-section perpendicular to the previous flow direction. No branching is found of the tracks, which are lines of intersection with the plane of the cross-section.

A ring-shaped sample of polypropylene is shown, which fits into a newly developed apparatus. Because of the large radius secondary flow is avoided.

A picture, which was obtained already a long time ago, shows that the relaxation of flow induced structures occurs with polypropylene only at temperatures between 210 and 190°C. Below the latter temperature no relaxation of crystalline structures occurs.

The sharp boundary between a highly oriented zone near the duct wall and the spherulitic structure in the interior of samples, which have been extruded through ducts of rectangular cross-section, can readily be explained.
Study on the Influence of Extrusion Temperature and Extrusion Die on the Properties of Self-Reinforced PP Sheets
Authors: Wen S. , Du W.-W. , Douadji L.
Published: April 2017

The polypropylene (PP) samples were prepared at different molding temperature and their properties and structures were studied. The nearby melting point extrusion and molten extrusion were used to mold PP samples. The tensile strength of PP samples with molding nearby melting point extrusion had a 20.46% increase compared with samples with conventional extrusion. The same phenomenon occurred in Vicat softening temperature and there was a 13.9% increase. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed the degree of crystallinity for samples by nearby melting point extrusion increased 2.74% compared with samples by molten extrusion. The nearby melting point extrusion molding was beneficial to refine crystalline grain and the results can be proved in XRD, DSC and SEM tests.
Cd and Hg coordination complexes based on a heterocyclic multidentate ligand: Synthesis, structures and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Hu Jiyong , Yang Fan , Zhao Jin'an
Published: April 2017

The complexes [Cd(cpbi)Cl2]·(H2O), [Hg2(cpbi)2Cl4] and [Hg(cpbi)Br2] (cpbi = [5-chloro-2-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1H-benzoimidazole]) have been synthesised using solvent evaporation reactions and structurally characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The first complex displays a one-dimensional (1-D) chain structure, the second has a binuclear structure, while the third is mononuclear. The complexes show different luminescence properties.
Registration of Non‐Stiff Stalk Maize Germplasms: Increasing Short‐Season Genetic Diversity with the EarlyGEM Program
Authors: Carena Marcelo J. , Van Mitchell
Published: April 2017

NDEarlyGEM4 (Reg. No. GP‐600, PI 675375), NDEarlyGEM5 (Reg. No. GP‐601, PI 675376), NDEarlyGEM22a (Reg. No. GP‐602, PI 675381), NDEarlyGEM22b (Reg. No. GP‐603, PI 675382), and NDEarlyGEM26 (Reg. No. GP‐604, PI 675383) are new non‐Stiff Stalk maize (Zea mays L.) populations from the EarlyGEM program. The designation “ND” represents North Dakota for national registration to recognize efforts of germplasm adaptation and improvement at North Dakota State University, Fargo. “EarlyGEM” was added to also recognize all Germplasm Enhancement Maize (GEM) network efforts that made original GEM germplasms available for adaptation to short‐season environments. The North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station released these populations on 17 Jan. 2014. The North Dakota maize breeding program is the sole genetic provider of EarlyGEM genetic materials. The objective of the EarlyGEM program is to increase the genetic diversity of short‐season hybrids with unique sources of germplasm currently not available in the northern US industry. Seven EarlyGEM inbred lines have been developed from these released populations and have been shared with industry exclusively.
Patient's Profile In The out Patient's Department (OPD) of A Specialized Hospital
Authors: Biswas Tanmay Prakash , Haider Buran Uddin , Dass Saroj Kumar
Published: April 2017

This study was carried out on the new patient's who attended the out patients department (OPD) of Pabna Mental Hospital during the calendar year 2008. Data was collected from 211(two hundred and eleven) patients among the new patient's attended during the study period. Male patients were 49.76% and the Females were 50.24%. The age of the patients ranges from one year and six months to hundred and twenty (120) years. The mean age was 32.33 for the total and 34.88 for the males and 29.82 for the females. Among the respondents, 11 to 40 years age group suffers more and 97.63% cases were Muslims and the rest were Hindus. Illiterate were more (38.39%) than other individual educational groups. Number of nuclear family was 58.77%. Majority of the patients (43.11%) have living house and land to cultivate. More than half (60.66%) have family income below Tk. 5000/- per month. Almost all (90.99%) were from rural background. Schizophrenia (28.92%) and Anxiety Disorder (23.70%) occupies more than half (52.61%) of the respondents. Majority (86.73%) do not have any family history of mental illness. Most of the respondents (36.49%) have given the history of taking mixed type of treatment (Folk, Homoeo, Rural medical practitioner, Doctor, Specialist) before attending the Mental Hospital.KYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-2, Jan 2015, Page 509-513
Physical Activity Improves Menopausal Symptoms Among Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Ferdous Tabassum , Jahan Nasim , Sultana Nayma , Akhter Hafiza , Alam Mohammed Rajeeb , Kabir Farhana
Published: April 2017

Background: Menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women is a health hazard all over the world. Physical exercise may play a significant role in the management of menopausal symptoms among postmenopausal women.Objective: This study was undertaken to see the effects of physical exercise on menopausal symptoms among postmenopausal women.Methodology: This study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from 1st January, 2009 to 31st December, 2009. A total number of 60 postmenopausal women having age ranged from 50-60 years were included in the study. Among 60 postmenopausal women, 30 were performing regular physical exercise and 30 were sedentary postmenopausal women. History of menopausal symptoms from postmenopausal women were collected from known relatives and associates. The statistical analysis was done by using appropriate test as applicable.Results: Menopausal symptoms were significantly (p<0.001) higher in sedentary postmenopausal women than postmenopausal women with regular physical exercise.Conclusion: Physical exercise could be effective in improving menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.KYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-2, Jan 2015, Page 514-518
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Patients with Emphysematous and Gangrenous Cholecystitis: An Experience at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital, Enayetpur, Sirajgonj.
Authors: Hossain Mohd Farid , Biswas Sailendra Nath , Rahman Masudur , Ahmed Tanvir , Karmaker Apu
Published: April 2017

Objective- To look for the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with emphysematous and gangrenous cholecystitis.Back ground- Emphysematous and gangrenous cholecystitis are severe form of acute cholecystitis. They are considered as contraindication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to peri operative life threatening complications, surgical technical difficulties, frequent conversion to open procedure. This study describe our experience in terms of feasibility and safety with laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with emphysematous and gangrenous cholecystitis.Materials and methods- From January 2012 to December 2014,total 37 patients with clinical diagnosis of severe acute cholecystitis under went laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 72 hours of admission. Operative findings and histopathological reports were used to identify patients of emphysematous and gangrenous cholecystitis.Results- 35(94.59%)among 37 patient's laparoscopic cholecystectomy were performed successfully.29 case were emphysematous and 8 cases were gangrenous cholecystitis. Two patient's laparoscopic procedure were converted to open procedure due to various operative difficulties, of which the most common was distorted calot's triangle. Maximum operating time was up to 130 minutes(one case),Post operative major complications occurred in 2 cases(5.40%).maximum patients were discharged by 48 to72 hours. There was no mortality.Conclusion- laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible and safe in emphysematous and gangrenous cholecystitis. However the experience of the surgeon and his patience during surgery play key role in over all out come. Based on our experience we recommend an early laparoscopic cholecystectomy for these group of patients, provided expertise & gadgets are available.KYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-2, Jan 2015, Page 519-523
Ocular molluscum contagiosum - A case report
Authors: Farooq Md Shamim , Sarker Md Mahbur Rashid , Hossain Md Shahadat , Das Polak Kumar
Published: April 2017

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral disease of the skin caused by poxvirus. Infection is usually spread by direct contact, particularly among children and young adults. It may occur on the skin and mucous membranes, with a predilection for the trunk and anogenital areas. Ocular molluscum contagiosum is very rare. Here we present a case of right lower eyelid region molluscum contagiosum. This patient is a 28 years old young woman from Ramchandropur, Pabna, Bangladesh. She noticed a painless swelling in her right lower eyelid for six months. Examination revealed a firm, rough and non-tender growth. There was no visual disturbance. After excisional biopsy, histopathological examination was performed. Microscopically, it shows verrucous epidermal hyperplasia and multiple intracytoplasmic molluscum bodies which are diagnostic key feature of molluscum contagiosum.KYAMC Journal Vol. 5, No.-2, Jan 2015, Page 537-539
Process Parameters Affecting the Synthesis of Natural Flavors by Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) during the Production of a Non-Alcoholic Beverage
Authors: Özdemir Sibel , Heerd Doreen , Quitmann Hendrich , Zhang Yanyan , Fraatz Marco , Zorn Holger , Czermak Peter
Published: April 2017

A novel alcohol-free beverage with a fruity, slightly sour, sweetish, fresh, and plum-like flavor was produced by incorporating the edible mushroom shiitake (Lentinula edodes) into the fermentation process. Shiitake pellets were used as a biocatalyst to promote the synthesis of the fruity esters methyl 2-methylbutanoate and 2-phenylethanol from amino acids and an organic acid present in the wort. We investigated the impact of two critical process parameters (volumetric power input and inoculum concentration) on the morphology of, and flavor production by, the shiitake pellets in a 1 L stirred bioreactor. Increasing the volumetric power input and biomass concentration influenced the morphology of the pellets and promoted the production of the most important flavor compound methyl 2-methylbutanoate in the beverage. Furthermore the worty off-flavor methional was degraded during the cultivation in stirred bioreactor by shiitake pellets. These findings provide useful information to facilitate the scale-up of the biotransformation and fermentation process in bioreactors.
Theoretical Studies of the Adsorption and Migration Behavior of Boron Atoms on Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond (001) Surface
Authors: Liu Xuejie , Kang Congjie , Qiao Haimao , Ren Yuan , Tan Xin , Sun Shiyang
Published: April 2017

The adsorption and migration activation energies of boron atoms on a hydrogen-terminated diamond (001) surface were calculated using first principles methods based on density functional theory. The values were then used to investigate the behavior of boron atoms in the deposition process of B-doped diamond film. On the fully hydrogen-terminated surface, the adsorption energy of a boron atom is relatively low and the maximum value is 1.387 eV. However, on the hydrogen-terminated surface with one open radical site or two open radical sites, the adsorption energy of a boron atom increases to 4.37 eV, and even up to 5.94 eV, thereby forming a stable configuration. When a boron atom deposits nearby a radical site, it can abstract a hydrogen atom from a surface carbon atom, and then form a BH radical and create a new radical site. This study showed that the number and distribution of open radical sites, namely, the adsorption of hydrogen atoms and the abstraction of surface hydrogen atoms, can influence the adsorption and migration of boron atoms on hydrogen-terminated diamond surfaces.
A Resident’s Perspective of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Smith Christopher
Published: April 2017

Identifying, understanding, and curing disease is a lifelong endeavor for any medical practitioner. Equally as important is to be cognizant of the impact a disease has on the individual suffering from it, as well as on their family. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies. Symptoms are vague, and the disease is generally at an advanced stage at diagnosis. Efforts have been made to develop methods to identify ovarian cancer at earlier stages, thus improving overall mortality. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS), with and without laboratory tests, can be used to screen for ovarian cancer. For over thirty years, the University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center Ovarian Cancer Screening Program has been studying the efficacy of TVUS for detecting early stage ovarian cancer. After 285,000+ TVUS examinations provided to over 45,000 women, the program has demonstrated that regular TVUS examinations can detect ovarian cancer at early stages, and that survival is increased in those women whose ovarian cancer was detected with screening and who undergo standard treatment. These results demonstrate the utility of TVUS as an efficacious method of ovarian cancer screening.
Fully Quaternion-Valued Adaptive Beamforming Based on Crossed-Dipole Arrays
Authors: Lan Xiang , Liu Wei
Published: April 2017

Based on crossed-dipole antenna arrays, quaternion-valued data models have been developed for both direction of arrival estimation and beamforming in the past. However, for almost all the models, and especially for adaptive beamforming, the desired signal is still complex-valued as in the quaternion-valued Capon beamformer. Since the complex-valued desired signal only has two components, while there are four components in a quaternion, only two components of the quaternion-valued beamformer output are used and the remaining two are simply discarded, leading to significant redundancy in its implementation. In this work, we consider a quaternion-valued desired signal and develop a fully quaternion-valued Capon beamformer which has a better performance and a much lower complexity. Furthermore, based on this full quaternion model, the robust beamforming problem is also studied in the presence of steering vector errors and a worst-case-based robust beamformer is developed. The performance of the proposed methods is verified by computer simulations.
Prevalence and Correlates of Suspected Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Children
Authors: Song Peige , Yu Jinyue , Wang Manli , Chang Xinlei , Wang Jiawen , An Lin
Published: April 2017

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a serious public health problem worldwide; however, the availability of information on the prevalence of NAFLD in the general pediatric population is still limited. The primary aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence and correlates of suspected NAFLD in Chinese children at the national level. Data from the China Health and Nutrition Surveys (CHNS) was used. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP) were measured for children aged 7–18 years. Blood samples were collected and analyzed. Children were classified as having suspected NAFLD if common causes of liver disease were excluded, and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values were above the established thresholds (>22.1 IU/L for girls and >25.8 IU/L for boys). A percentage of 9.03% (75 out of 831) of Chinese children was found to have suspected NAFLD. Overweight and obesity according to BMI percentiles, abdominal obesity, hyperuricemia (uric acid (UA) > 327 μmol/L), and elevated total cholesterol (TC) were all detected as the correlates of childhood suspected NAFLD when adjusting for other factors. Our study revealed the prevalence of suspected NAFLD in general Chinese children at the national level for the first time. Our findings indicate that suspected NAFLD in children is associated with increasing childhood morbidities, further studies are needed to better understand the prevalence of childhood NAFLD and its correlates, and large-scale programs should be launched to screen NAFLD in the pediatric population in China.
Coupling of Surface Plasmon Polariton in Al-Doped ZnO with Fabry-Pérot Resonance for Total Light Absorption
Authors: George David , Adewole Murthada , Hassan Safaa , Lowell David , Cui Jingbiao , Zhang Hualiang , Philipose Usha , Lin Yuankun
Published: April 2017

Al-doped ZnO (AZO) can be used as an electrically tunable plasmonic material in the near infrared range. This paper presents finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations on total light absorption (TLA) resulting from the coupling of a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) with Fabry-Pérot (F-P) resonance in a three-layer structure consisting of an AZO square lattice hole array, a spacer, and a layer of silver. Firstly, we identified that the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) that will couple to the F-P resonance because of an SPP standing wave in the (1,0) direction of the square lattice. Two types of coupling between SPP and F-P resonance are observed in the simulations. In order to achieve TLA, an increase in the refractive index of the spacer material leads to a decrease in the thickness of the spacer. Additionally, it is shown that the replacement of silver by other, more cost-effective metals has no significance influence on the TLA condition. It is observed in the simulations that post-fabrication tunability of the TLA wavelength is possible via the electrical tunability of the AZO. Finally, electric field intensity distributions at specific wavelengths are computed to further prove the coupling of SPP with F-P resonance. This work will contribute to the design principle for future device fabrication for TLA applications.
Religious Diversity in Modern Orthodox Thought
Authors: Ladouceur Paul
Published: April 2017

This essay explores different approaches to non-Christian religions in Orthodox thought, from the early Fathers to the present day. Among modern Orthodox theologians, Georges Khodr and Anastasios Yannoulatos inherit an inclusivist or tolerant attitude to religious diversity from Justin Martyr and other early Fathers, while Seraphim Rose represents an exclusivist or intolerant position, characteristic of Tertullian. Philip Sherrard’s thinking on non-Christian religions can be described as religious pluralism, while that of Lev Gillet is close to comparative theology. Despite the absence of formal Orthodox declarations concerning religious diversity, Orthodox thought on the subject since World War II converges around the notions of inclusivism and comparative theology, considering that non-Christian religions are mysteriously “included” in the missions of Christ and the Holy Spirit in the world and that their adherents can achieve salvation as understood in Christianity.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities: a large cross-sectional study in primary care
Authors: Chetty Ula , McLean Gary , Morrison Deborah , Agur Karolina , Guthrie Bruce , Mercer Stewart W
Published: April 2017

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is common, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies suggest that comorbidities of COPD increase the risk of hospitalisation, polypharmacy, and mortality, but their estimated prevalence varies widely in the literature.

Aim

To evaluate the prevalence of 38 physical and mental health comorbidities in people with COPD, and compare findings with those for people without COPD in a large nationally representative dataset.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional data analysis on 1 272 685 adults in Scotland from 314 primary care practices.

Method

Data on COPD, along with 31 physical and seven mental health comorbidities, were extracted. The prevalence of comorbidities was compared between people who did, and did not, have COPD, standardised by age, sex, and socioeconomic deprivation.

Results

From the total sample, 51 928 patients had COPD (4.1%). Of these, 86.0% had at least one comorbidity, compared with 48.9% of people without COPD. Of those with COPD, 22.3% had ≥5 comorbid conditions compared with 4.9% of those who did not have COPD (adjusted odds ratio 2.63, 95% confidence interval = 2.56 to 2.70). In total, 29 of the 31 physical conditions and six of the seven mental health conditions were statistically significantly more prevalent in people who had COPD than those who did not.

Conclusion

Patients with COPD have extensive associated comorbidities. There is a real need for guidelines and health care to reflect this complexity, including how to detect those common comorbidities that relate to both physical and mental health, and how best to manage them. Primary care, which is unique in terms of offering expert generalist care, is best placed to provide this integrated approach.
La nouvelle philologie et l'édition électronique des dossiers génétiques
Authors: Lebrave Jean-Louis
Published: April 2017

Comment offrir aux chercheurs, au-delà de l'édition des versions successives des textes, tout le matériel des avant-textes qui relève de l'activité d'écriture et d'invention et qui présente les traces textuelles du processus de création : les variantes mais aussi les métatextes (rappels, notes personnelles) et les données non textuelles (schémas, croquis...) ? L'édition génétique, dans le cadre d'une "philologie électronique" de la production, peut recourir à la technologie de l'information — convenablement maîtrisée et standardisée — afin de constituer une véritable bibliothèque, permettant non seulement d'accéder aux documents de genèse mais de les mettre en perspective, selon le champ d'analyse et la démarche interprétative choisis.
Fait réel ou fait divers ?
Authors: Masecchia Anna
Published: April 2017

Fatto realmente accaduto o fait divers ? Quando la realtà diventa mirabile.

Fin dalle sue origini il cinema, scrittura della realtà in movimento, ha saputo rendere la realtà quotidiana come qualcosa di mirabile , di degno di essere guardato e di sorprendente. Nel cinema italiano, questa sua caratteristica è ritornata ad essere centrale durante la stagione del Neorealismo, per essere poi rimessa problematicamente in questione da Cesare Zavattini e da Roberto Rossellini proprio nel momento di crisi del movimento cinematografico. Nell'ultimo decennio, molti registi italiani (si pensi a film come I cento passi di Marco Tullio Giordana, Buongiorno, notte e Vincere di Marco Bellocchio, Segreti di stato di Paolo Benvenuti) hanno ripreso la lezione del Neorealismo e hanno saputo costruire dei film di finzione in cui, grazie all'inserimento nel tessuto di essi di materiali di repertorio di diversa natura (televisivi, documentari, fotografici), sono venuti a congiungersi il «fait divers » inteso come realtà mediaticamente narrata e la ricostruzione della memoria storica del Paese.
Consoler de l'exil : introduction à l'Épître consolatoire à Pino de' Rossi de Boccace
Authors: Schonbuch Mathias
Published: April 2017

Tra letteratura e testimonianza, lo sguardo di Boccaccio sull'esilio traspare dalla sua epistola a Pino de' Rossi. Pazientemente, egli fornisce al destinatario molteplici esempi e argomenti, ispirati principalmente agli autori classici e destinati a consolarlo delle conseguenze dell'esilio, di cui prende in considerazione i diversi aspetti. Boccaccio non si accontenta tuttavia dell'autorità dei suoi illustri precursori, ma si impegna personalmente nel sostenere moralmente e politicamente l'amico. Pur affermando i limiti dell'esercizio scrittorio, Boccaccio offre un saggio di prosa in volgare, il cui stile elevato fa di essa un nuovo modello del genere consolatorio per la letteratura vernacolare.
Sulla genesi fiorentina della Commedia
Authors: Santagata Marco
Published: April 2017

La critique a déjà remarqué que les premiers chants de ¥ Enfer se différencient des autres par plusieurs aspects touchant au contenu, à la forme, à la structure. Dans la prophétie du veltro , notamment, le contraste est frappant d'avec l'interprétation de l'empire dans le De vulgari eloquentia et le Convivio (1304-1306). Mais il faut aussi relever la présence d'un point de vue de l'auteur qui est florentinocentrique, par le choix des damnés et par le dialogue que le viator noue avec eux. Le poème que nous lisons (et qui a bien été composé dans l'exil, à partir des années 1306-1307) laisserait ainsi émerger, entre les lignes, les traces d'un "canevas" précédent (quel qu'il ait pu être, et de toute façon pour nous perdu) dont l'origine pourrait peut-être remonter (d'après de minces indices d'archives) à un voyage à Rome lors du jubilé. La genèse florentine de la Comédie a été racontée par Boccace à deux reprises (dans le Trattateli# et dans les Esposizioni ), mais la critique la plus récente n'a guère ajouté foi à son récit. On pourrait cependant le "réhabiliter", une fois élagué de ses éléments les plus rocambolesques, à la lumière d'indices textuels bien plus probants. Le florentinocentrisme originel du poème aurait persisté dans les chants écrits pendant les premières années de l'exil, mais pour devenir l'attestation de guelfisme d'un auteur qui mise sur un retour possible à Florence. Le cours des choses a ensuite voulu que le poème conçu pour Florence (voire à Florence) se soit transformé dans le livre le plus violemment antiflorentin que l'on ait jamais écrit.
Conditor et/ou proditor : figures de l'exilé en héros fondateur. À propos du chant XXXII de l'Enfer et de l'Épître V de Dante
Authors: Fontes-Baratto Anna
Published: April 2017

La familiarité de Dante avec l'Enéide n'est plus de mise lorsqu'il fait de l'exilé troyen Anténor l'eponyme de la deuxième zone du Cocyte, où sont punis les traîtres à la patrie. Une telle "trahison" du texte virgilien, où Anténor n'est mentionné qu'en tant que fondateur de Padoue, est indirectement réitérée dans le ch. VI du Purgatoire, où Dante impute aux «Anténorides » (les Padouans, mais à l'instigation des Este) le meurtre, traîtreusement perpétré, de Jacopo del Cassero. L'hostilité que Dante manifeste à l'égard de Padoue et des Este ne suffit pas pour expliquer de telles entorses à Virgile. D'autant plus que les multiples rifacimenti médiévaux de la «matière de Troie » avaient continué de réécrire la légende, déjà répandue à l'époque classique, d'une trahison à deux, où Énée était également impliqué. Mais ces rifacimenti, dont Dante lui-même atteste la grande diffusion dans le De vulgati eloquentia, donnaient aussi une version de la chute de Troie où les facteurs internes (rivalités des factions, complots et trahison) l'emportent sur les initiatives externes (le fameux cheval). En reprenant la version de la légende qui accable Anténor, Dante entend dénoncer l'ancêtre dont ses contemporains perpétuent et renouvellent les crimes. Et ce d'autant plus que l'origine troyenne (et notamment la descendance d' Anténor) était partout revendiquée en Europe, par les "nations", les dynasties régnantes, les grandes familles, atteignant même la Scandinavie. L'attention critique que Dante porte à ces origines est confirmée par un passage de l'épître V, où les Italiens qui se dressent contre Henri VII sont apostrophés, et fustigés, par l'hyperbole ironique «Scandinavie soboles ».
L'exil domestique de Margherita Datini : l'histoire singulière d'un couple
Authors: Schuller Michelle
Published: April 2017

Francesco Datini, le richissime marchand du XIVe siècle, a tenu son épouse Margherita à l'écart dès lors qu'elle s'est révélée stérile. Bien que vivant, entre Prato et Florence, à peu de distance l'un de l'autre, les deux époux se sont donc écrit presque chaque jour pendant de longues années, produisant un étonnant dialogue conjugal épistolaire. Il ressort de cette correspondance exceptionnelle que, dans cet état de quasi bannissement, cet exil domestique, Margherita, tout en souffrant de ces conditions de vie frustrantes et humiliantes, surchargée de tâches qu'un mari maniaque, autoritaire, et peu reconnaissant, n'en continuait pas moins de lui imposer, a su tirer parti de cette situation pour affirmer sa forte personnalité. Avec fierté, courage et intelligence, elle a joué auprès de son mari un rôle décisif, tant dans les affaires «de ce monde» que dans celles de l'âme, démontrant ainsi ses qualités propres et suscitant le respect.
L'exil dans les Intercenales de Leon Battista Alberti : ou de l'autonomie politique et intellectuelle du citoyen
Authors: Bisconti Donatella
Published: April 2017

Les Intercenales, œuvre florentine marquant la transition de la jeunesse à la maturité de Leon Battista Alberti, s'organisent autour d'un réseau sémantique, hérité de la tradition de la philosophie morale stoïcienne, qui vient préciser et compléter le mouvement idéologique du Theogenius et des Profugiorum ab erumna libri. En réalité, ce langage d'empreinte classique est redéployé dans la représentation d'une nouvelle figure d'intellectuel qui doit composer autant avec les exigences de la cité État, de ses structures politiques et sociales, qu'avec ses propres ambitions culturelles. L'individualisme qui s'affiche dans les Intercenales est le pivot autour duquel l'exil, entendu comme un événement extérieur non entièrement maîtrisable, se transforme en un choix intérieur, qui devient gage de liberté. C'est depuis cette position d'éloignement, qui n'est pas nécessairement géographique ou physique, que l'intellectuel peut exprimer une vérité dérangeante et paradoxale.
Alternative Energy: Production of H2 by Radiolysis of Water in the Rocky Cores of Icy Bodies
Authors: Bouquet Alexis , Glein Christopher R. , Wyrick Danielle , Waite J. Hunter
Published: April 2017

We applied a model of radiolysis in earthly rock–water mixtures to several known or suspected ocean worlds: Enceladus, Ceres, Europa, Titania, Oberon, Pluto, and Charon. In this model, radiation emitted by the long-lived radionuclides (40K, 232Th, 235U, and 238U) contained in the ordinary chondrite-like rocks is partly absorbed by the water permeating the material of each body’s core. The physical and chemical processes that follow release molecular hydrogen (H2), which is a molecule of astrobiological interest. We compared the calculated production of H2 by radiolysis in each body’s core to published estimates of production by serpentinization. This study presents production calculations over 4.5 Gyr for several values of rock porosity. We found that radiolysis can produce H2 quantities equivalent to a few percent of what is estimated from serpentinization. Higher porosity, which is unlikely at the scale of a body’s entire core but possible just under the seafloor, can increase radiolytic production by almost an order of magnitude. The products of water radiolysis also include several oxidants, allowing for production of life-sustaining sulfates. Though previously unrecognized in this capacity, radiolysis in an ocean world’s outer core could be a fundamental agent in generating the chemical energy that could support life.