bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the relationship between betatrophin and certain key enzymes involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in insulin-resistant mice
Authors: Arikan Funda Bulut , Ulas Mustafa , Ustundag Yasemin , Boyunaga Hakan , Badem Nermin Dindar
Published: March 2023

Objectives

The present study sought to examine the relationship of betatrophin with certain key enzymes, namely lactate dehydrogenase-5 (LDH5), citrate synthase (CS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 (ACC1), in insulin-resistant mice.

Methods

Eight-week-old male C57BL6/J mice were used in this study (experimental group n=10 and control group n=10). S961 was administered using an osmotic pump to induce insulin resistance in the mice. The betatrophin, LDH5, CS, and ACC1 expression levels were determined from the livers of the mice using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Moreover, biochemical parameters such as the serum betatrophin, fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were analyzed.

Results

The betatrophin expression and serum betatrophin (p=0.000), fasting glucose, insulin, triglyceride (p≤0.001), and total cholesterol (p=0.013) levels were increased in the experimental group. In addition, the CS gene expression level was statistically significantly decreased in the experimental group (p=0.01). Although strong correlation was found between the expression and serum betatrophin and triglyceride levels, no correlation was found between the betatrophin gene expression and the LDH5, ACC1, and CS gene expression levels.

Conclusions

The betatrophin level appears to play an important role in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism, while insulin resistance increases both the betatrophin gene expression and serum levels and decreases the CS expression level. The findings suggest that betatrophin may not regulate carbohydrate metabolism through CS and LDH5 or lipid metabolism directly through the ACC1 enzyme.
Salvia miltiorrhiza augments endothelial cell function for ischemic hindlimb recovery
Authors: De Gejing , Yang Miyi , Cai Weiyan , Zhao Qinghe , Lu Lili , Chen Apeng
Published: March 2023

Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia miltiorrhiza) root, as a traditional herb, is widely applied to pharmacotherapy for vascular system disease. In this study, we elucidate the therapy mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza by using a model of hindlimb ischemia. Blood perfusion measurement showed that intravenous administration of the Water Extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (WES) could facilitate damaged hindlimb blood flow recovery and blood vessel regeneration. In vitro mRNA screen assay in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) show that WES induced increased NOS3, VEGFA, and PLAU mRNA levels. Endothelial NOS (eNOS) promotor reporter analysis revealed that WES and the major ingredients danshensu (DSS) could enhance eNOS promoter activity. Additionally, we found that WES and its ingredients, including DSS, protocatechuic aldehyde (PAI), and salvianolic acid A (SaA), promoted HUVECs growth by the endothelial cell viability assays. A mechanistic approach confirmed that WES augments HUVECs proliferation through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signal pathway. This study reveals that WES promotes ischemic remodeling and angiogenesis through its multiple principal ingredients, which target and regulate multiple sites of the network of the blood vessel endothelial cell regenerating process.
Thermohydraulic performance of thermal system integrated with twisted turbulator inserts using ternary hybrid nanofluids
Authors: Alawi Omer A. , Kamar Haslinda Mohamed , Falah Mayadah W. , Hussein Omar A. , Abdelrazek Ali H. , Ahmed Waqar , Eltaweel Mahmoud , Homod Raad Z. , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Yaseen Zaher Mundher
Published: March 2023

Mono, hybrid, and ternary nanofluids were tested inside the plain and twisted-tape pipes using k-omega shear stress transport turbulence models. The Reynolds number was 5,000 ≤ Re ≤ 15,000, and thermophysical properties were calculated under the condition of 303 K. Single nanofluids (Al2O3/distilled water [DW], SiO2/DW, and ZnO/DW), hybrid nanofluids (SiO2 + Al2O3/DW, SiO2 + ZnO/DW, and ZnO + Al2O3/DW) in the mixture ratio of 80:20, and ternary nanofluids (SiO2 + Al2O3 + ZnO/DW) in the mixture ratio of 60:20:20 were estimated in different volumetric concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4%). The twisted pipe had a higher outlet temperature than the plain pipe, while SiO2/DW had a lower T
out value with 310.933 K (plain pipe) and 313.842 K (twisted pipe) at Re = 9,000. The thermal system gained better energy using ZnO/DW with 6178.060 W (plain pipe) and 8426.474 W (twisted pipe). Furthermore, using SiO2/DW at Re = 9,000, heat transfer improved by 18.017% (plain pipe) and 21.007% (twisted pipe). At Re = 900, the pressure in plain and twisted pipes employing SiO2/DW reduced by 167.114 and 166.994%, respectively. In general, the thermohydraulic performance of DW and nanofluids was superior to one. Meanwhile, with Re = 15,000, DW had a higher value of η
Thermohydraulic = 1.678.
Weighted survival functional entropy and its properties
Authors: Alomani Ghadah , Kayid Mohamed
Published: March 2023

The weighted generalized cumulative residual entropy is a recently defined dispersion measure. This article introduces a new uncertainty measure as a generalization of the weighted generalized cumulative residual entropy, called it the weighted fractional generalized cumulative residual entropy of a nonnegative absolutely continuous random variable, which equates to the weighted fractional Shannon entropy. Several stochastic analyses and connections of this new measure to some famous stochastic orders are presented. As an application, we demonstrate this measure in random minima. The new measure can be used to study the coherent and mixed systems, risk measure, and image processing.
Development of a methodical approach to set-up the injection velocity profile dependent on the part geometry
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Köbel Thilo
Published: March 2023

The injection volume rate is an important setting parameter of the injection moulding process as it determines local process parameters as melt front velocity, respectively, shear rate, pressure and temperature in the mould cavity. In order to avoid too low or too high melt front velocities, profiling of the injection volume rate during the injection is necessary dependent on the part geometry. However, the set-up of a volume rate profile at the machine is an iterative and subjective process so far. Therefore, a method is developed that determines a suitable volume rate profile based on the process simulation gaining a constant melt front velocity or melt front shear rate. A developed process model enables the transmission from simulation to the machine based on a volume rate balance in the screw antechamber. The simulative and experimental results show a good agreement of the cavity filling.
Self-determination in Culture as a Result of Emotional Living Through Situations of Value Choice Based on Personal Potential
Authors:   Saratov State University, Alexsandrova Ekaterina Alexsandrovna , Dmitrieva Olga I. ,   Saratov State University, Kabanova Marina I. ,   Saratov State University, Raeva Alexandra V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the special significance of the process of creating conditions for high school students to make multiple choices, since modern young people cannot imagine their existence without constant situations of bifurcation. The main goal set by the authors is to develop an algorithm necessary for understanding the logic of self-determination of a high school student in culture, which can also be used as a basis for the practical activities of a teacher. Based on this algorithm (working scheme), the teacher can offer specific options for situations of choice for high school students. The article provides examples of such situations, tested in literature classes. It is shown that the process of choosing opportunities for realization of personal potential by high school students can be more effective if the teacher is able to create pedagogical conditions for such actions as individual refraction of the norms and values of society, identification and justification of the value-semantic foundations of life activity; choice of goals and means of self-realization based on personal potential, choice of ways and forms of life, responsible design and implementation of individual trajectories of personal/professional formation and development. One of the important conclusions of the article is the one that the leading way of self-determination of a student in culture is a play activity (real or imaginary), age-appropriate and fixed in the mind as a cultural norm. This justifies the need to use such a method of pedagogical support as adaption for the stage (from expressive reading of a literary text to a school theater performance). It is shown that a high school student’s living through events by the medium of a literary work is often a preventive measure in relation to possible undesirable situations in the future, contributes to the self-determination of a person in culture, which is relatively permanent and proceeds throughout almost a person’s entire life.
Teaching professionally oriented English to aviation university students on the basis of an interdisciplinary project
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation named after Chief marshal of aviation A. A. Novikov, Petrishchev Vladimir Innokentievich , Soroka Alexandr V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation named after Chief marshal of aviation A. A. Novikov, Lebedeva Natalia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation named after Chief marshal of aviation A. A. Novikov
Published: March 2023

The article actualizes the problem of organizing and conducting project activities related to the use of professionally oriented English in the aviation university. The importance of motivation in the process of teaching English is emphasized. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the effectiveness of the participation of students of the aviation university in project activities, contributing to their motivation in learning professionally oriented English with practical psychological and pedagogical support and with the involvement of disciplines from specialized departments of the university. Methodology and research methods. The study was conducted on the basis of an interdisciplinary project related to professionally oriented English, allowing students to develop their logical operations (analysis, synthesis, reasoning, generalization, conclusion, etc.), cognitive skills, critical thinking necessary to solve professional problems in a non-standard situations to take responsibility for them. This type of training also stimulates initiative and integrates acquired knowledge in other disciplines. The analysis of pedagogical, socio-psychological, scientific-methodical and special professional literature on the research problem was used as research methods; participant observation method, questioning, modeling, pedagogical experiment, analysis and processing of experimental data and reflection. Such a model of project-based teaching of professionally oriented English with the involvement of disciplines of specialized departments was implemented as part of an experimental scientific study at the aviation university in the discipline “Professionally oriented English”. Conclusion. The results obtained give grounds to conclude that project activities are an effective means of motivation in teaching students professionally oriented English at the aviation university with practical psychological and pedagogical support for this type of activity and with the disciplines of specialized departments.
Using the Internet-resources for the Effective Teaching of Students in Public Speaking in English Classes
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of RF, Achkasova Natalia Nikolaevna
Published: March 2023

The study used such methods as the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, the interview method, discussions for feedback after student performances, generalization of pedagogical experience. Results. After analyzing the literature on the research topic, as well as the experience of working and preparing students for mini monologues and public speaking by watching video stories in the style of Ted Talks and other speeches of speakers, we can state that working with such Internet resources is important for students to create motivation for learning a foreign language, broadening one’s horizons and training in public speaking, which today are of paramount importance for business, education and society. The methodological and psychological advantages of using videos in English classes with students of a non-linguistic university are indicated. The methodology of work in the classroom and within the framework of independent training of students at home is presented, the role of individual work, work in groups and consultations with the teacher is shown. Based on the results of the study, priorities have been identified that we define as key for use in preparing for public speaking.
Teenage Shoplifting: the Experience of Socio-Pedagogical Research
Authors:   Kuban State University, Mosina Oksana A. , Matays Maria I. ,   Kuban State University
Published: March 2023

Shoplifting is one of the varieties of deviant behavior – theft. The spread of this type of deviant behavior becomes spontaneous and poorly controlled, which requires special attention from practitioners who develop programs of preventive measures. The purpose of the article is to identify social and individual personal imperatives for involving teenagers in shoplifting. Research methods: to determine the theoretical conclusions, methods of analysis and synthesis were used, which make it possible to establish socially determined risk factors for involving a teenager in shoplifting. In the empirical part, the methods of short questions and answers were used; expert survey, a one-time mass survey method for adolescents, as well as diagnosing a tendency to deviant behavior. The methodological base is represented by relevant psychological and pedagogical concepts that reflect the essence of deviant behavior of adolescents and the factors of its development. The conclusion is based on the results of a theoretical study, which can be considered the establishment of socially determined risk factors that contribute to the involvement of adolescents in shoplifting. And also on the results of an empirical study, during which the characteristic individual-personal characteristics of a teenager were identified, which determine his involvement in shoplifting. The compilation of the obtained results made it possible to identify the dynamics of teenagers’ involvement in shoplifting, which, in turn, will allow a specialist working in the field of deviant behavior of minors to determine the content of preventive social and pedagogical activities.
Continuous Professional Development of Teachers in the Context of a Shift in the Educational Paradigm
Authors:   M. Kozybaev North-Kazakhstan University, Murzalinova Alma Zh. , Bulatbayeva Kulzhanat N. ,   Y. Altynsarin National Academy of Education, Almagambetova Leila S. ,   Institute for Professional Development in the North Kazakhstan Region, Imanov Amangeldy K. ,   M. Kozybaev North-Kazakhstan University
Published: March 2023

The article updates the educational paradigm with a focus on the continuous professional development of Kazakhstani teachers, who should not accompany, but promote educational innovations. The contradiction between the revolutionary changing educational environment and the professional development of the teacher, evolutionary in nature, becomes a barrier to initiative and motivated advancement. This contradiction has a negative impact on the quality of continuous teacher education, when the competencies of continuous professional development remain “overboard” in the training of future teachers and are not instrumental for professional viability. The purpose of the article is to present research materials on the substantiation and development of the content and tools for the implementation of the teacher’s CPD in the conditions of advanced training and professional and pedagogical activities. To determine the individual needs of teachers in professional development, the focus group method was used, through which the following results were achieved: the set of competencies of continuous professional development was clarified, the essence and resources of personalized professional development were determined, design principles for the development of educational programs and post-course support were formulated, recommendations were formulated for creating an environment researched development for self-directed educators. The approbation of the research materials was carried out on the basis of the Institute of Professional Development in the North Kazakhstan region and the North Kazakhstan University. M. Kozybaeva. In conclusion, the status of continuous professional development for the transformation of Kazakhstani education is summarized.
Visual Analytics of Students’ Educational Data within the e-Learning System
Authors:   Mari State University, Toktarova Vera I. , Popova Olesya G. ,   Mari State University
Published: March 2023

Today, the analysis of educational data is a rapidly developing area that contributes to improving the quality and efficiency of student learning in e-learning systems and environments. Visual analytics methods are the best means for reviewing and presenting educational data in a convenient and informative form for perception. The purpose of the article is the analysis of educational data using visualization methods to identify patterns in the educational activities of students. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study is a complex of theoretical, empirical and mathematical methods. The paper provides a visualization of educational data based on the electronic course “Fundamentals of Programming”, hosted in the electronic educational environment of the university (based on LMS Moodle). The data of 118 students who completed the course with different academic performance were considered. Research results. The paper substantiates the relevance of using visualization for the analysis of educational data. Methods of analysis are considered, areas of their application are given. An analysis of the works of domestic researchers is given. The educational data describing the study of theoretical material by students, the performance of practical and test tasks, the time spent in the e-learning system are analyzed. Based on the method of identifying relationships, the dependences and patterns of students’ activities in the study of the course are visually displayed. In conclusion, it is concluded that the behavior of students in the electronic course and their marks for practical and test tasks are interrelated. Regularities in the distribution of estimates are revealed. Visualization made it possible to present data in a visual and informative form for perception. The proposed approach can be useful in the analysis of a student’s digital footprint and building his digital profile.
Сompetence-Based Approach to Teaching Chinese to Students of Humanities in Russian Universities
Authors:   The Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Anran Yi
Published: March 2023

The development of relations between Russia and China has led to an increase in the interest of Russian students in learning Chinese, as well as to an increased demand for Russian specialists in the Chinese labor market. In accordance with this, the training of students in relation to the Chinese language should fully comply with the international standards of the labor market. The relevance of the research is due to the need for the formation of international communicative competence when studying Chinese by foreign students. It is the development of practical skills and competencies that allows a student to start performing his professional duties directly after graduation. The purpose of this article is to study the features of the application of the competence approach in the study of Chinese by Russian students. Methodology. To achieve this goal, a number of works by both Russian and foreign specialists and teachers have been studied. The competence-based approach, involving the development of practical skills of students and the development of various competencies, including self-development, self-knowledge, etc., allow already at the stage of training in an educational institution to form a full-fledged specialist capable of performing his duties from the first days. As a result of studying the theoretical literature and practical experience of various teachers, it was possible to determine the main advantages of using the competence approach, as well as to identify a number of shortcomings associated with the imperfection of the modern education system.
Integration as a Basis for Holistic Training of Students-Journalists (on the example of the experience of the department of journalism of NSPU)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Evdokimova Elena V. , Kislaya Liliya N. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

Existing approaches to teaching at a university involve the widespread use of innovative technologies, which, however, are not completely capable of overcoming the subject disunity of the modern education system. This problem is relevant in the training of personnel for the media. The authors of the article see its overcoming in the integrated training of student journalists, which involves the formation of both professional and personal competencies. The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of teaching journalism students, which is carried out within the framework of an integrated approach, which helps to ensure integrity in the training of future workers in the field of mass media. Methodology and research methods. The work is based on the study of general approaches to the organization of integrated learning. The main methods are theoretical, including analysis of the literature on the research problem, synthesis, generalization and interpretation of data, and empirical, represented by a participant observation. Research results. The authors propose their own definition of integrated learning, the study describes the system for training student journalists at NSPU, which allows achieving the integrity of learning through integration. Conclusion. Integration in the training of students-journalists is understood as an educational process implemented in educational and extracurricular activities, which are determined by the qualitative transformations that occur during the multidirectional training of students.
The Role of Active Learning Methods in the Development of Reading Skills of Student-Journalists
Authors:   State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mershieva Alena D. , Ryumina Tatiana V. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

The article actualizes the problem of professional reading skills of potential mass media specialists. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the role of active teaching methods in the development of reading competencies of students in the field of study “Journalism”. Methodology. The method of pedagogical experiment was used to check the formation and development of professional reading skills among students of the “Journalism” direction of study through the use of active teaching methods. The presented program involves the systematic performance of tasks using active learning methods. The main procedural actions of program development are design, communication with participants and reflection. The developed program was implemented as part of an experimental study within the framework of the work of the student association “Juravli”. The result of the study is the formation of the habit of semantic reading, as well as the development of professional reading skills among first-year students of the “Journalism” direction of study. In conclusion, it is concluded that the development of journalism students’ professional reading skills should be an ongoing process, including active learning methods to involve participants in order to increase the effectiveness of the process. The presented program can be implemented in different graduates for students with different of competence, as well as in different fields of study.
The Department as a Subject of professional self-determination of pedagogical university students
Authors:   Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Titova Galina Yu. , Shalyapina Svetlana V. ,   Tomsk State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

Introduction, problem statement. In modern conditions of changes in the labor market and the system of vocational education, the process of professional self-determination of young people and the resources for its activation, intensification, and optimization are of particular relevance. The authors consider the subjects of the university system of promoting the professional self-determination of students, within which a significant place is determined by the Department of Social Pedagogy. The purpose is to analyze and substantiate the significance of the subject position of the Department of Social Pedagogy in the intra-university system of promoting students’ professional self-determination. Methodology and research methods. Theoretical and empirical methods were used: the analysis of scientific psychological and pedagogical literature and the analysis of the experience of the Department of Social Pedagogy of the TSPU, demonstrating the importance of the subject position of the elements of the intra-university system of promoting professional self-determination of students. Research results. On the basis of the analysis and generalization of the empirical experience of the Department of Social Pedagogy of the TSPU, the main directions in the context of promoting the professional self-determination of students are presented: lined up interaction with social partners – social organizations; organization of pedagogical intensives for TSPU students; support of industrial pedagogical practice of students of pedagogical areas of training; assistance in organizing employment (occupation) of students and graduates. Conclusion. It is determined that the subjective position of the Department of Social Pedagogy affects the “entry” of students of pedagogical areas of training in professional pedagogical activities, their con scious employment in teaching positions (even during their studies at the university) and is considered as one of the conditions for intra-university assistance to professional self-determination of students.
Corrected Transposition of Great Arteries with Cor Triatriatum and Atrial Septal Defect-Case Report
Authors: Meng Lingwei , Kong Xiangjin , Wei Kaiming , Lv Xin , Liu Chuanzhen , Bing Weidong
Published: March 2023

A 37-year-old male patient with corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA) with cor triatriatum sinister (CTS), left superior vena cava, and atrial septal defects is reported in our case. None of these impacted the patient's growth or development, nor daily work until age 33. Later, the patient developed symptoms of obvious impaired heart function, which improved after medical treatment. However, the symptoms reappeared and gradually worsened two years later, and we decided to treat it with surgery. In this case, we selected tricuspid mechanical valve replacement, cor triatriatum correction, and atrial septal defect repair. During the follow-up of five years, the patient had no obvious symptoms, ECG did not change significantly from five years ago, and the cardiac color Doppler ultrasound showed RVEF 0.51.
Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Valvular Heart Surgery
Authors: Ren Changwei , Yu Jianbo , Zhang Jinwei , Wang Shengwei , Zhu Enjun , Guo Hongchang , Sun Dingce , Tang Bing , Cui Hao , Lai Yongqiang
Published: March 2023

Background: The risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in different valve dysfunction has been unclear.
Methods: We reviewed patients, who underwent valve heart surgery and coronary angiography from 2008 to 2021, at our center.
Results: A total of 7,932 patients were included in the present study, and 1,332 (16.8%) had CAD. The mean age of the study cohort was 60.5±7.9 years, and 4,206 (53.0%) were male. CAD was 21.4% in aortic disease, 16.2% in mitral valve disease, 11.8% in isolated tricuspid valve disease, and 13.0% in combined aortic and mitral valve disease. Patients with aortic stenosis were older than those with regurgitation (63.6±7.4 years vs. 59.5±8.2 years, P < 0.001), and the CAD risks also were higher (28.0% vs. 19.2%, P < 0.001). The age difference was minimal (60.6±8.2 years vs. 59.5±6.7 years, P = 0.002) between patients with mitral valve regurgitation and stenosis, but the risks of CAD were twice high in regurgitation (20.2% vs. 10.5%, P < 0.001). When the type of valve impairment was not considered, non-rheumatic etiology, advanced age, male sex, hypertension, and diabetes were independent predictors of CAD.
Conclusion: In patients undergoing valve surgery, the prevalence of CAD was influenced by conventional risk factors. Importantly, CAD also was associated with the type and etiology of valve diseases.
Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection Outcome and Reoperation Focusing on Extended Versus Limited Initial Repair
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , Weyand Michael , Pathare Presheet , Nooh Ehab , Harig Frank
Published: March 2023

Background: The optimal management strategy for acute aortic type A dissection remains controversial. Whether a limited primary (index) repair would increase the need for late aortic reintervention is still an open debate.
Methods: A total of 393 consecutive adult patients with acute type A aortic dissection who underwent cardiac surgery were analyzed. Our research hypothesis was whether limited aortic index repair (i.e., isolated aorta ascending replacement without an open distal anastomosis with and without a concomitant aortic valve replacement, including hemiarch replacement procedure) is associated with a higher incidence of late aortic reoperation compared with extended repair (i.e., any other surgical procedure that goes beyond that limited approach).
Results: Type of the initial repair had no statically significant relationship with in-hospital mortality with a P-value of 0.12, however in multivariable analysis, cross-clamp time had a statistically significant relation with mortality (P = 0.4). From the patients who survived until discharge (N = 311), 40 patients needed a reoperation on the aorta; the mean interval until reoperation was 4.5 years. The relationship between the type of the initial repair and the need for reoperation didn’t reach a statically significant value (P = 0.9). In-hospitable mortality after the second operation was 10% (N = 4).
Conclusion: We reached two conclusions. 1) An extended prophylactic repair in the initial operation of an acute type A aortic dissection might not lead to a lower incidence of reoperations on the aorta and could increase in-hospital mortality by increasing cross-clamp time, and 2) Reoperation on the aorta could be done safely with acceptable mortality outcomes.
Extract of Laurus nobilis attenuates inflammation and epithelial ulcerations in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors:   University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center, Correa Natalie , Orlando Robert ,   University of New Mexico, Health Sciences Center
Published: March 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are classified as chronic inflammatory disorders and typically require anti-inflammatory drug therapies, such as glucocorticoid regimens, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and biologics, aimed at reducing inflammation in the bowel wall. However, each of these therapies is accompanied by a list of possible serious side effects. Because of this, there remains an urgent need to identify new pharmacologic options to reduce or prevent the pro-inflammatory events of IBD while minimizing adverse side effects, and to make available more cost-effective treatment modalities. We have previously identified several herbal extracts that demonstrate potent bio-inhibitory activity of the innate immune response. In particular, Laurus nobilis (LN), or more commonly called bay laurel, demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory function by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB activation. Based upon our original in vitro findings, we have now examined the effects of this herbal extract on a murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of IBD. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained paraffin sections prepared from DSS treated animals show clear epithelial damage, including ulcerations, extensive neutrophil infiltration into the mucosal layer, and granuloma formation. Tissue from DSS treated animals that also received LN extract showed improved tissue morphology more closely resembling that from control animals. In addition, DSS treated mice with co-administration of LN extract showed a significant reduction in CD4+ antibody staining within the mucosal layer in colonic sections indicating reduced lymphocyte infiltration. Based on these findings, we believe that administration of LN extracts may be effective in reducing the intestinal epithelial damage seen in human IBD and warrants further investigation through clinical trials. Lay Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), manifest as chronic inflammation and ulceration of tissues lining the digestive tract. CD involves inflammation of the deeper layers of the digestive tract, including both the small and large intestines, and less commonly, the upper digestive tract. UC involves inflammation along the lining of the colon and rectum. Steroid or biologic treatments for IBD are common, however, are limited due to significant side effects and/or prohibitive cost. In the present study, we provide evidence for use of the natural product, Laurus nobilis (bay leaf), as a safe and effective anti-inflammatory therapy for IBD.
Black-and-yellow broadbill
Authors: Kunkekar Aryan
Published: March 2023

The black-and-yellow broadbill (Eurylaimus ochromalus) is a species of bird in the typical broadbill family Eurylaimidae. A small, distinctive species, it has a black head, breastband, and upperparts, a white neckband, yellow streaking on the back and wings, and wine-pink underparts that turn yellow towards the belly. The beak is bright blue, with a green tip to the upper mandible and black edges. It shows some sexual dimorphism, with the black breastband being incomplete in females. Native to Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand, it inhabits evergreen forest, dipterocarp forest, swamp forest, heath forest, and forest edge, along with secondary forest and plantations that contain large trees. Mainly inhabiting lowlands, the species is found up to elevations of 1,220 m (4,000 ft). The black-and-yellow broadbill is mainly insectivorous, but also feeds on molluscs and incidentally takes fruit. The black-and-yellow broadbill breeds during the dry season throughout its range, with both sexes helping build a large, untidy, pear-shaped nest out of moss, fungal mycelia, and leaves. Eggs are laid in clutches of 2–3, sometimes containing a fourth runt egg, and are incubated by both sexes. The species is listed as near-threatened by the IUCN due to a decline in its population caused by habitat loss.
Technical and tactical arsenal of professional sumo wrestlers
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Tropin Y. , Holokha V. ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Ahmedov F. ,   Samarkand State University
Published: March 2023

Purpose: based on the analysis of competitive activity to establish the technical and tactical arsenal of professional sumo wrestlers. Material and methods. To solve the problems of the study, the following methods were used: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet networks, generalization of best practices, analysis of protocols and video recordings of professional sumo wrestlers, method of mathematical statistics. The 290 fights of the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti, which took place in Nagoya (Japan), were analyzed. Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and generalization of best practices, it was found that the problem of analyzing competitive activity and determining the main technical and tactical actions of sumo wrestlers is relevant for the study. The analysis of the competitive activity of professional sumo wrestlers at the June 2022 tournament of the highest division of Makuuti made it possible to identify 25 main technical and tactical actions (TTD) that are most often used: Oshidashi (23,89 % of all TTD), Yorikiri (22,79 %), Hatakikomi (11,39 %), Tsukiotoshi (5,51 %), Tsukiidashi (4,77 %), Uwatenage (4,41 %), hikiotoshi (4,04 %), okuridashi (3,68 %), oshitaoshi (3,31 %), yoritaoshi (2,57 %), kotenage (2,21 %), uwatenedashinage (1,84 %), shitatenage (1,84 %), tottari (1,47 %), asitori (1,10 %), abisetaoshi (0,74 %), watashikome (0,74 %), kimedashi (0,74 %), sukuinage (0,74 %), hikakke (0,37 %), sotogake (0,37 %), kubihineri (0,37 %), kekayeshi (0,37 %), katasukashi (0,37 %), kakenage (0,37 %). Conclusions. It was found that professional sumo wrestlers used only 31,25 % of technical and tactical actions from the entire arsenal of sumo wrestling. Most of all, sumo wrestlers performed technical and tactical actions from the classification group of kihonwaza (86 % of all techniques included in this classification group), then from nagete (46 %), tokushuwaza (29 %), kakete (22 %) and hinerite (21 %). No technical and tactical actions were carried out in the Sorite classification group. The obtained data indicate the importance of technical and tactical preparedness of athletes as a factor determining the success in sumo wrestling.
Investigation of the methods of assessment of sensorimotor reactions in martial arts
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Baibikov M. , Romanenko V. ,   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to conduct research on methods of evaluation of psychomotor abilities in martial arts. Material and Methods. The following research methods were used in the work: analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodical literature, information from the Internet; pedagogical observation; interviews with leading coaches; results of past measurements. Results: the analysis of the use of methods for assessing psychomotor abilities in martial arts. The results of modern domestic and foreign studies have made it possible to determine that in martial arts it would be advisable to study psychodiagnostic and psychophysiological methods of assessing the state as objective criteria for the current functional state of psychophysiological functions, including mental, physiological and behavioral levels. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological information, Internet sources and conversations with leading coaches, psychomotor abilities important for martial arts were identified. It is revealed that the authors pay considerable attention to psychomotor abilities. In particular, the results of studies of psychomotor abilities using various and innovative methods are presented in the works of such specialists as Kozina Zh.L., Korobeynikov G.V., Ermakov S.S., Romanenko V.V. and others. It would be expedient to improve computer programs in the search for new express methods for assessing and analyzing the psychomotor state of athletes, taking into account the characteristics of a particular sport and competitive activity, stage of training, level of training, which will allow coaches to separate the factors that determine the growth of sportsmanship, as well as to predict the effectiveness of sports activities. Conclusions. It is determined that psychomotor abilities are of great importance in the sports activity of martial artists. The results of the assessment of psychomotor abilities obtained using express methods and characterizing the functional state of martial artists have a significant information basis for improving the quality of their training process.
Study of motivation of junior athletes to karate training
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Koliada Y.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to determine the level of motivation of karate juniors to training sessions. Material and Methods. The scientific research was attended by karate juniors of 14,6±2,59 years old from sports clubs of Kharkiv and other cities of Ukraine in the amount of 31 sportsmen. Based on the study of scientific and methodological literature, conversations with coaches, pedagogical observations, a questionnaire was drawn up to identify the reasons (situations, circumstances) that prompted and encourage athletes to attend karate training sessions. The software «Google-Form» was used to conduct a remote survey. Results: the study showed that 45 % of respondents learned about karate from their parents, 32 % of athletes have friends who train them, 20 % joined the karate section due to an announcement at school, and 3 % attended karate competitions. Parents, siblings, and relatives are involved in karate for 77 % of respondents. When asked about the personal qualities of their coach, 47 % of respondents chose smart and fair, 33 % - cheerful and kind, 20 % - strict and demanding. Regarding the question of «ideal coach», 25 % of respondents said that their coach is exactly that. For 52 % of the athletes, the gym is located 1-3 km away; 23 % - less than 1 km; 19 % - 5-10 km; and 6 % - more than 10 km. 71 % of athletes walk to training, 16 % drive to the gym, 10 % use public transportation, and 3% use taxis. It takes 55 % of the athletes 10-30 minutes to get to the gym, 26 % - 1-10 minutes, 16 % - 30-60 minutes, and 3 % of karateka spend more than 1 hour on the road. The interest in training depends on whether athletes perform their favorite exercises during training. The majority of athletes (24 out of 31) like to practice kumite (free combat), and the same 23 out of 31 athletes like to learn and perform kata. 19 out of 31 like to perform «kihon» (basic technique) and 16 answers each for outdoor games and free combat. 71 % of athletes hear praise from their coaches several times a week. 26 % of athletes hear praise at every training session, and 3 % of karateka said that their coach does not pay attention to them. 97 % of karateka keep in touch outside the gym in messengers, computer games, and on walks; the majority (68 %) of karateka have athletes in their groups who they want to follow their example. 58 % of athletes indicated that their coaches organize joint meetings outside the gym. One of the important answers: 65 % of karateka want to become coaches in the future. Conclusions. Based on the study, most athletes start attending karate classes on the recommendation of their parents and friends. One of the main reasons for attending training sessions is the short distance to the gym. The majority of respondents want to become coaches in the future, which is a very important component for the further development of karate in Ukraine.
Correction of psychophysiological functions of cadets by means of hand-to-hand combat
Authors:   Kharkiv State Academy of Physical Culture, Ponomarov V. , Korchagin M. ,   Institute of Legal Personnel Training for the Security Service of Ukraine of Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Otkydach V. ,   Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National University of the Air Force
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to determine the influence of hand-to-hand combat training on psychophysiological indicators of cadets of higher military educational institutions. Material and methods. The study was conducted in the period from September 2021 to December 2021 on the basis of the Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub and was aimed at determining the dynamics of psychophysiological indicators of cadets. The study involved 45 cadets of the control group, who were engaged in the current program of sports and mass work and 32 cadets of the experimental group, who were engaged in the hand-to-hand combat section. The age of cadets is from 17 to 26 years. The research period was 4 months. To solve the problems of the study, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of data from scientific and methodological sources, pedagogical experiment, psychodiagnostic method of Bourdon-Anfimov's correctional test and methods of mathematical processing of the results. Results: during the experiment, the study of indicators of the qualities of attention and mental activity was conducted. After the pedagogical experiment, there was an improvement in the quality of mental activity (mental performance, accuracy of work, the amount of visual information) of representatives of both groups, the difference between the indicators of the cadets of the experimental and control groups was not statistically significant. At the same time, hand-to-hand combat training had a positive effect on the quality of attention of the cadets of the experimental group, which was statistically significantly better than that of the control group: the speed of attention of the cadets of the experimental group improved by 7,4% against 1,6% of the control group (p<0,05); concentration of attention, respectively, improved by 7,2% against 1,3% (p<0,05); attention sustainability improved by 14,4% against 2,1% (p<0,05); the speed of information processing improved by 7,2% against 3,1% (p<0,05). Conclusions. The results of the experiment indicate the expediency of using hand-to-hand combat in the program of special physical training of servicemen in order to correct the psychophysiological indicators of cadets characterizing the functions of attention.