bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MODIFIKASI DESAIN GRIPPER DAN PEMBUATAN SISTEM INTERLOCK UNTUK MENGURANGI REJECT PADA PRODUKSI SHROUDFAN DI MESIN 1060-5
Authors: Suhartinah Suhartinah , Putro Agus Ponco
Published: June 2022

Shroud Fan merupakan salah satu komponen pendingin mesin, Shroud Fan yang di produksi memiliki 6 jenis. masing-masing jenisnya memiliki kebutuhan & penempatan insert collar yang berbeda-beda. Insert collar adalah komponen tambahan, bermaterial logam yang merupakan bagian dari shroud fan. Dalam produksinya sudah dibantu oleh robot. Proses yang melibatkan robot adalah pengambilan produk dari mesin injection molding, dan penempatan insert collar pada molding. robot mengambil insert collar yang sudah dipersiapkan oleh operator dan kemudian akan di tempatkan pada mold mesin injeksi. masalah utamanya adalah insert collar sering terjatuh dari cengkeraman gripper robot, sehingga mengakibatkan bagian dari Shroud fan tidak lengkap dan dianggap NG. Penyebab jatuhnya insert collar dari gripper dikarenakan gripper yang dipakai bentuknya tidak simetris & presisi, yaitu berupa plat besi dengan tebal 2mm yang dibentuk sedemikian rupa dengan tenaga manusia, hal ini berdampak pada hasil cengkeraman yang kurang presisi sehingga insert collar rawan terjatuh. Dari masalah tersebut di buatlah improvement desain gripper yang presisi dan juga sistem interlock pencegahan produk NG yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi potensi Out Flow khususnya produksi Shroud fan. Dari modifikasi ini rasio NG per 30 hari kategori insert collar problem turun 75,4 %. Dengan rasio NG 151 pcs, berkurang menjadi 37,15 pcs.
PERANCANGAN MEKANISASI PANEN TANAMAN BATANG RUMPUT DENGAN PEMOTONG TIPE SIRKULAR MENGGUNAKAN PEMODELAN INVENTOR®
Authors: Kacaribu Brim Ernesto
Published: June 2022

In general, traditional farmers still use the manual method which requires a large number of workers and takes longer for one hectare. With this mechanization, it is hoped that the time and cost at harvest will be faster and cheaper. It is hoped that this harvester can not only be used on one type of grass stalks plant (eg. rice) but can also be used for other types of grass stalks plants (lemongrass, sticky rice, straw). This paper produces a design using Inventor 3D to describe a mechanization system for harvesting grass stalks using a circular harvester. The crucial analysis carried out on the carrier, focuses on three things, namely the estimation of power system requirements, estimation of harvest capacity and system stability. Fits the speed-adjusting lever and the lever adjusts the height of the cutter. In its application can be used on wet land or dry land. The conclusion from the calculation is that the driving force is sufficient to move the body and cutting blades, the design capacity exceeds twice that of the manual method, and in practice the body is still stable when passing through land with an elevation of 30 degrees.
Screening, Prevention and Risk Factors of Stroke in Adult Patients
Authors: Baoum Shada , Alghamdi Mohammed , Almatroudi Naief , Alzahrani Naif , Baghdadi Abdulaziz , Alshomrani Abdulmalek , AlAli Hassan , Alhamoud Rakan , Alnakhli Khalil , Alluhayyan Fahad , Aloutaibi Laila
Published: June 2022

Stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident, is a medical emergency characterized by an immediate disruption of cerebral perfusion or vasculature. Strokes are divided into two categories: ischemic stroke and haemorrhagic stroke. Strokes can be caused by a variety of factors, including high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis, and emboli generated in the heart as a consequence of atrial fibrillation or rheumatic heart disease. Stroke is linked to a number of risk factors, that are categorized into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. In order to reduce stroke-related morbidity and mortality, prevention is critical. It is believed that 50% of strokes can be avoided by controlling modifiable risk factors and making lifestyle modifications. The purpose of this research is to review the available information regarding screening, risk factors and prevention of stroke. Hypertension, smoking, obesity, diet, lack of physical activity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, mental distress, heart disease, and lipid disorders account for 90% of strokes, depending on the number of risk factors included. Medical interventions that have been demonstrated in numerous randomized trials can significantly lower the risk of stroke. Observational research clearly suggests that healthy eating habits, quitting smoking and abstaining from excessive alcohol consumption, regular physical activity, and maintaining a normal body weight are all helpful for stroke prevention. In order to facilitate services for preventative stroke treatments and acute stroke care, community awareness of stroke risk factors and symptoms must be improved. Education, awareness as well as screening for risk factors of stroke among public is need of time.
Autism Screening in Family Medicine Practice: Early Detection, Barriers and Benefits
Authors: Baoum Shada , Gusti Wael , Fardus Elaf , Alghanem Faisal , Hassan Maram , Mohamed Fatima , Alkhawaja Mohammed , Algahtani Nouf , Aljadaan Abdullah , Garoof Walaa , Al Antar Awadh
Published: June 2022

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by social communication difficulties, restricted interests, and repetitive activities. Both genetic and environmental variables impacting the growing brain have an influence on it. Around the world, 1 in 100 children is identified with autism spectrum disorder. Estimates of prevalence has increased over time and varied significantly inside and across sociodemographic groups. Family physicians are the primary healthcare experts to whom children with autism are directed when they have signs and symptoms related to autism or for any other reason, including protective healthcare services. Early diagnosis of autism result in effective and timely management of the patients, hence family medicine practice plays a vital role in autism diagnosis as family physicians are the first contact with the patient. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about the autism screening in family medicine practice regarding early diagnosis, barriers and benefits. The significance of acquiring an early diagnosis of autism and following early therapeutic intervention is well-established in the literature, as late diagnosis is linked to greater parental stress and delayed early intervention, both of which are necessary for long-term beneficial outcomes. Early detection is critical since studies have shown that early diagnosis and intervention programs improve functional results and quality of life. As family physicians are the community's first point of contact, it's vital for them to be able to recognize autism early on in an effort to enhance early intervention and a better outcome.
Usage of shape memory implants in the formation of interstitial anastomoses in the experiment
Authors: Saganov V. P. , Khitrikheev V. Ye.
Published: June 2022

The purpose of the study was to study in an experiment the advantages of creating interintestinal anastomoses using a construction with thermomechanical memory made of titanium nickelide in comparison with the classical method of imposing interintestinal anastomoses. The work was carried out on mongrel dogs by the method of performing compression and ligature interintestinal anastomoses. The tissue response in the area of interintestinal anastomosis was studied by the authors and confirmed by histological studies. In the studied tissues of the compression interintestinal anastomosis, microscopically, the indicators of the reactive inflammatory process were less pronounced and, ultimately, no dystrophic changes and tissue nutritional disorders were found in the test material. The healing of the intestinal mucosa was significantly better than in the classical ligature anastomosis. On the basis of the experimental data obtained by us, it was concluded that the use of compression interintestinal anastomoses for the purpose of creating anastomoses occurs with the best conditions for wound healing at the site of imposition of the performed anastomosis, in contrast to the classical ligature anastomosis.
Development of biocompatible superelastic materials and shape memory implants based on titanium nickelide for the creation of highly effective medical technologies
Authors: Gunther V. E. , Khodorenko V. N.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents fundamental and applied research in a new direction in science and technology, which has a world priority – medical materials and implants with shape memory. The main directions of the development of a new generation of more advanced biocompatible superelastic implantable materials and long-term shape memory implants based on titanium nickelide are formulated. The physical, biological principles of creating a new class of biocompatible superelastic materials based on titanium nickelide with a certain set of properties for various fields of medicine using technologies of induction melting, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, and sintering are presented.

Among the materials created, the development of alloys for long-term functioning in a living organism is of great importance: monolithic elastic, porous and ultra-thin porous-permeable materials, fabric and textile materials made of thin filaments based on titanium nickelide. The main medical and technical requirements for a new class of implants of the future have been identified. Criteria for the biomechanical compatibility of metallic materials under deformation conditions in aggressive tissue media have been determined. Conditions are formulated under which monolithic and porous materials exhibit properties that are optimal for implantation. A comprehensive study of the properties of cell incubators made of porous titanium nickelide was carried out, and the morphological characteristics and patterns of cell development in the porous structure of bulk biomaterials made of titanium nickelide were revealed.

The main directions of creation of unique medical technologies based on the developed materials are characterized. The principles of application of biocompatible superelastic materials in various fields of medicine are described. Titanium nickelide-based materials and implants with shape memory implanted into the body are intended for a wide range of medical purposes in dentistry, traumatology, surgery, ophthalmology, vascular surgery, oncology and other fields of medicine as implants for osteosynthesis, endoprosthetics, replacement of tissue defects, creating anastomoses and support frames of organs.
The application of titanium nickelide cryodestructors in the surgery of cystes and hemangiomas of the liver
Authors: Merzlikin N. V. , Sarueva A. P. , Petrov L. Yu. , Tskhai V. F. , Salo V. N. , Bushlanov P. S. , Maksimov M. A. , Mariyina M. E. , Noroeva T. A. , Tolkaeva M. V.
Published: June 2022

The possibility of using titanium nickelide (TiNi) cryoapplicator in the surgery of nonparasitic cysts and liver hemangiomas was study.

Material and methods. The analysis of the results of surgical treatment of patients with the use of TiNi cryoapplicator was carried out in 26 patients with nonparasitic liver cysts and in 31 patients with liver hemangiomas of various localization and diameter.

Results. It was proved that the use of a TiNi cryoapplicator is as effective as a stationary cryoinstallation with a constant supply of a cryoagent (liquid nitrogen).

Conclusion. The use of TiNi cryoapplicator increases the effectiveness of the action on cysts and hemangiomas of the liver, causing their cryodestruction and preventing the recurrence of these diseases, reduce blood loss and reduce trauma when using laparoscopic cryoprobes. In addition, when using the open access of Merzlikin– Paramonova, it becomes possible to manipulate with less trauma in the area of the diaphragmatic surface of the organ and the caval gates of the liver, which are difficult to access for surgical intervention from traditional incisions, especially when the pathological process is located in 7–8 segments of the liver.
The role of obstructive resection in the treatment of acute intestinal obstruction complicated by bowel necrosis
Authors: Yaroshchuk S. A. , Baranov A. I. , Korotkevich A. G. , Katasheva L. Yu.
Published: June 2022

Methods of surgical intervention in acute intestinal obstruction with necrosis of the strangulated area of the intestine are the subject of ongoing discussions. There is no doubt that every patient with this disease should undergo emergency surgery. However, diagnosing necrosis of the strangulated area is not easy. For this reason, a number of authors recommend refraining from emergency surgery for all patients with intestinal obstruction during dynamic follow-up, which can last up to 14 days. Over the past century, the etiology of intestinal obstruction has shifted from strangulated hernia to postoperative adhesive disease, which has led to a paradigm shift in methodological approaches. In order to successfully manage acute intestinal obstruction with suspected strangulation, the clinician today must be able to distinguish between patients requiring urgent surgery and those who should receive conservative therapy.

In this paper, we consider the surgical approach of delayed anastomosis formation on significant clinical material, including tactical approaches, timing and necessary conditions for anastomosis formation in patients with intestinal obstruction complicated by necrosis of the strangulated area.

The complex of therapeutic measures in the treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction complicated by necrosis of the strangulated area of the intestine, intraoperative perforation of the intestine during separation of adhesions, both in conditions of peritonitis and without it, should include obstructive resection of the intestine in combination with the formation of an anastomosis in a delayed order, as well as or planned sanitation of the abdominal cavity. All this makes it possible to reduce the incidence of interintestinal anastomosis failure from 86.7 to 0.96% of cases, and postoperative mortality from 41.8 to 14.4%.
Identification and Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) of Tabaco City, Philippines, through Cultural Mapping
Authors: Besmonte Edgardo
Published: June 2022

Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage (ICH) includes identification, documentation, research, preservation, protection, promotion, enhancement, and transmission through formal and non-formal education. This paper identified the conditions and status of the intangible cultural heritage (ICH) of Tabaco City, Philippines, identified the threats to the preservation of ICH, and determined the measures taken to safeguard the ICH. It utilized purposive sampling and adopted the Cultural Mapping of the NCCA in the documentation and identification of ICH in Tabaco City that employed ethnography through community immersion and non-participant observation applying the Filipino psychology, focused group discussion, and unstructured interviews in data collection. Findings revealed that ICH in Tabaco City is under threat due to many ICH practitioners' death and old age, a rising lack of interest in ICH among the youth, and the influences of foreign culture. However, measures were put in place to safeguard ICH. The living practitioners of ICH in Tabaco City pass on their knowledge and traditional skills to the next generations by sustaining traditional blacksmithing, pedicab making, folk medicine, and native cuisines. Furthermore, ICH is promoted by generating awareness through various tourism activities. This paper also recommends the establishment of a school for living tradition that may teach the younger generations of the ICH in Tabaco City. Likewise, mainstreaming indigenous knowledge into the curriculum must be done so that the younger generations can derive valuable lessons from studying ICH. Lastly, the local government must adopt policies through local legislation to ensure the preservation, promotion, and protection of ICH and their living human treasures.
Development and Design of Help Alleviating Poverty among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) through Amplifying Skills (HAPLAS) Extension Project
Authors: Miano Leomar
Published: June 2022

The LGBTQ in the Philippines is one of the marginalized sectors in our society that is also highly affected by the pandemic that causes economic deprivation and is often forgotten in gender analyses and gender policy discussions. This study aimed to assess the skills training needs of LGBTQ in Infanta, Quezon; to determine the profile of the projects in terms of extension thrust, numbers of beneficiaries, budget allocation, resources, activities, and implementation; to develop and design an extension program. The Help Alleviating Poverty among LGBTQ through Amplifying Skills (HAPLAS) is an extension project that was developed and designed to address the pressing issues among LGBTQ. The needs assessment was conducted among the members of Samahang Ikatlong Lahi ng Infanta (SILI) with a total of twenty-four (24) participants who were purposively selected. This study is a quantitative descriptive employing frequency and percentage in the analysis of data. As identified in the needs assessments, the skills and training development programs to be implemented in the projects are hair cutting, hair perming, hair coloring, and hair and makeup, all are cosmetic-related activities. Moreover, financial literacy seminar is also to be integrated into the project because managing finances is one of the topmost issues and problems LGBTQ members have mentioned. For technical assistance, the project's proponents established a partnership with Junior Pitimini, an LGBTQ organization with members prominent in Quezon Province. Moreover, a partnership was also established in the Local Government Unit (LGU) of Infanta for the venue and supplemental budget. This descriptive study revealed that the project has sufficient volunteers/workforce and facilities to implement the project. It is highly recommended that the project may replicate in other municipalities that may identify needs for the training of LGBTQ. Additional budget could also be increased to cover other significant results from the needs assessment. However, evaluation should be properly implemented to determine the sustainability of the project.
Attitude of urban women towards sustainable sanitary products: A study in Bengaluru
Authors: Joseph J. , Elangovan N. , Sundaravel E.
Published: June 2022

An awareness campaign on menstrual health and hygiene aims to use sanitary pads. The use of un-hygiene products leads to various infections and even a risk of contracting cervical cancer. However, the increase in sanitary pads has moved the focus from menstrual hygiene to environmental pollution due to plastic in making the sanitary pads. There are sustainable alternatives like reusable cloth pads, menstrual cups, period underwear, etc. This study aims to identify factors hindering women of the urban Indian community from switching to these sustainable sanitary alternatives recommended by healthcare specialists and proven safe. The study was conducted among women aged between 15 and 55 years in urban Bengaluru. The questionnaire was circulated online due to the pandemic, and 240 responses were obtained. It was interesting to note that majority were aware of sustainable sanitary products. The significant factors that affect the purchase intentions of women in urban Bengaluru are awareness of product varieties, environmental concern, parental pressure, peer pressure, and product features major segments were identified, the financially dependent and the financially independent women. The financially dependent women had issues gaining approval from their family members. In contrast, the financially independent women had fears about the product features and were ssceptical about using sustainable sanitary products. This research contributes to product companies understanding their customers and adding value to their lives by creating a healthier and more sustainable environment.
PERAKENDE SEKTÖRÜNDE HİZMET ÜRETEN KOBİ’LERİN PANDEMİDEN KAYNAKLANAN KISITLAMALAR SÜRESİNCE İNSAN KAYNAKLARI UYGULAMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÇAKAN Serdar
Published: June 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, pandemi süreci içinde perakende sektöründe çeşitli kısıtlar ve zorluklar yaşayan küçük ve orta boy işletmelerin (KOBİ’lerin) insan kaynakları uygulamalarını tespit etmek ve elde edilen bulgulara dayalı olarak işletmelerin bu alandaki etkinlikleri üzerine sonuçlara ulaşmaktır. Bu nedenle bu araştırma ile Sakarya il sınırları içinde farklı işkollarında hizmet veren dokuz işletmenin sahibi/yetkilisi ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yaparak gereken bulgulara ulaşılmış ve bu işletmelerin temel insan kaynakları fonksiyonlarına yönelik uygulamaları pandemi şartları dahilinde mercek altına alınmıştır. Kolay ulaşılabilirlik prensibine bağlı kalarak kuyum, hazır giyim, ayakkabı, restoran, dayanıklı tüketim malları, telekomünikasyon, akaryakıt, kırtasiye ve market işkollarında faaliyet gösteren dokuz farklı işletme seçilmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu ile işletmelere sorulan on farklı sorunun cevapları, yedi alt tema altında toplanarak birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan saha araştırması sonucunda elde edilen bulgular betimsel ve içerik analizleri ile incelenmiş ve kayda değer sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Hizmet sektöründe faal KOBİ’lerin bütün içinde kapladıkları alanın yoğunluğu göz önüne alındığında elde edilen sonuçların, salgın hastalığa bağlı zorlukların işletmelere ve ülke ekonomisine olan olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılmasına yönelik faydalar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre perakende sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin organizasyonlarında ve çalışma şartlarında resmi kısıtların dışında kayda değer değişiklikleri tercih etmedikleri, mevcut personellerini korumak için yoğun çaba sarf etmelerine rağmen bu dönemde ilave istihdamı düşünmedikleri, normal şartlarda uyguladıkları performans değerlendirme, ücret ve kariyer yönetimi faaliyetleri ile eğitim ve gelişim faaliyetlerine yeterince ilgi göstermedikleri, pandemi şartlarının kurum kültürüne olmasa bile çalışanlar üzerinde örgütsel bağlılığa dair olumsuz etkiler yaptığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda işletmelerin, çevredeki gelişmeleri yakından takip ettiği, rakiplerinin uygulamalarını dikkatle incelediği ancak perakende sektörünün temsilcileri olarak ileri döneme ait stratejilerde ortak bir eğilim içinde olmadıkları sonucuna varılmıştır.
ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFICULTIES OF CLASS X STUDENTS OF SMKN 4 PALANGKA RAYA IN SOLVING TRIGONOMETRY PROBLEMS
Authors: Haryani Desti , Subagjo Ardo , Hamdani Muhamad , Ali Hasan Qodri , Widyanti Novie
Published: June 2022

This research was motivated by the low scores obtained by students in the trigonometry material for the area of ​​triangles in class X GP of SMK Negeri 4 Palangka Raya. In the 2019/2020 school year, only 48% of the 34 students achieved the school's Minimum Completeness Criteria, which is 65. The purpose of this study is to describe the difficulties experienced by students in solving math problems on trigonometry material and the factors that students experience difficulties. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The results showed that the difficulties experienced by students in solving trigonometry problems were: (a) Difficulties in counting were difficulties in performing number operations. The factor that causes students to be less careful. (b) Difficulty in transferring knowledge, namely determining the formula and sine value. The reason is that students do not understand the material being taught so they cannot distinguish the formula used in determining the area of ​​a triangle according to what is known in the problem. (c) Difficulty in understanding mathematical language, namely understanding mathematical symbols correctly. The reason is that students are less careful in writing down the numbers that match the existing mathematical symbols. (d) Difficulty in visual perception, namely making and understanding sketches or drawings based on existing problems. The reason is that students do not understand how to change what is asked in the question of the shape of a triangular image and vice versa.
As aporias do ser no sofista de Platão
Authors: Oliveira Tiago Fernando Soares de
Published: June 2022

Este artigo pretende reconstruir a seção de aporias do ser do Sofista (243a-249d). Embora responsável por engendrar numerosas dificuldades, a referida seção, que investiga as doutrinas daqueles que perscrutaram o caminho do ser antes de Platão, também possui um caráter construtivo. A apreciação das teses dualistas e monistas, de um lado, e materialistas e idealistas, de outro, permite que o filósofo aprofunde a crítica à rígida ontologia aleata e estabeleça algumas das bases para a posterior demonstração das relações recíprocas entre os grandes gêneros. Tal propósito, no entanto, pressupõe a descoberta da alteridade que perpassa o real e a definição do ser como potência, conquistas teóricas geradas em meio ao confronto contra as ontologias tradicionais.
Sobre a crítica aristotélica de Feuerbach a Hegel
Authors: Padial Rafael de Almeida
Published: June 2022

O artigo visa a demonstrar como a crítica de Ludwig Feuerbach a Hegel é de matriz filosófica aristotélica. Para isso, analisaremos inicialmente o primeiro grande texto de Feuerbach contra seu velho mestre, "Para a Crítica da Filosofia de Hegel" (1839). Nele já aparecerão praticamente todos os temas que marcarão suas importantes obras do início da década de 1840. Como buscaremos desenvolver, a matriz aristotélica insere Feuerbach na longa tradição filosófica da lógica da identidade, da não-contradição, de uma filosofia essencialista (uma ousiologia). Seu projeto ontológico – e o de verniz socialista dele derivado – revela-se assim uma onto-teologia, resultando numa via completamente oposta à negativa e revolucionária (dialética) desenvolvida por Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels após 1845.
Mudança e água no sul de Portugal
Authors: Saraiva Clara
Published: June 2022

O projeto de construção de uma megabarragem no Alentejo, uma zona extremamente árida no sul de Portugal, teve os seus inícios nos anos 50, durante o regime salazarista, mas só se concretizou no início do século XXI. A imensa albufeira1 a que a barragem deu origem inundou uma área que abrangeu a Aldeia da Luz, que por esse motivo foi inteiramente trasladada para outra localização. A fecho das comportas deu-se em fevereiro de 2002; no verão e outono do mesmo ano, a população foi transferida, e, durante 2003, a velha Luz foi completamente demolida. Hoje em dia, passeia-se de barco por cima do local onde estava a antiga Luz. Este texto fornece o contexto em que o projeto de Alqueva se desenvolveu, a caracterização geral do clima social que acompanhou o processo e o resumo do que foram os acontecimentos principais e as vivências no período da mudança e de iní- cio da adaptação a um novo território e uma nova situação.
Gerenciando os comuns
Authors: Cunha Luis Henrique , Luna Marisa B. Araújo
Published: June 2022

Managing the commons, editado por Letícia Merino e Jim Robson, reflete a ampliação das temáticas atualmente relacionadas aos estudos sobre recursos comuns e se propõe a oferecer um painel abrangente das questões emergentes e das implicações políticas da produção acadêmica na área. A obra, organizada em quatro volumes e lançada em 2005, sintetiza os debates ocorridos durante a 10ª Conferência Bianual da International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP), realizada em Oaxaca, México, em 2004, que reuniu centenas de pesquisadores de várias partes do mundo, com expressiva participação de países da América Latina.
México
Authors: Landa Mariano Báez
Published: June 2022

La agricultura mexicana se encuentra en crisis total. La producción de alimentos decae constantemente así como muchos productos de exportación, lo que ha provocado serios daños y pobreza entre las familias campesinas, empujando a muchos de sus miembros a migrar hacia los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, las más de las veces en forma ilegal. La producción mexicana de café se ha sustentado, por casi dos siglos, en economías regionales donde cientos de miles de campesinos tienen asegurada una entrada económica al año. Sin embargo, estas economías regionales se encuentran regidas por estructuras caciquiles y patrimonialistas que mantienen a los productores directos como proveedores de materias primas para la industria. Experiencias recientes en México muestran que existen algunas alternativas para los pequeños productores cafetaleros, como la producción orgánica para abastecer a mercados europeos. Pero esto no ocurre en la gran mayoría de los productores, quienes no han logrado cambios en su organización productiva, su inserción al mercado y su desarrollo social. No obstante, es claro que los negocios de la agricultura global imponen a los pequeños productores cafetaleros nuevos retos que no pueden enfrentar fácilmente, debido a una compleja red de relaciones existentes entre ellos que muestran formas particulares de organización, representación y administración. Este trabajo analiza el caso de los productores cafetaleros de Veracruz, en la costa del Golfo de México, utilizando varias experiencias investigativas de campo entre 1980 y 2001, así como datos procedentes de la aplicación de 15 mil entrevistas a productores veracruzanos de diferentes estratos a principios de 2001.
Ah! Esse povo do mar!
Authors: Ciacchi Andrea
Published: June 2022

Um estudo sobre trabalho e pertencimento na pesca artesanal pernambucana.
Associativismo e cooperativismo agrário em Trás-os-montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Authors: Pereira Fernando
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo é uma síntese reflexiva sobre os resultados de uma pesquisa1 para a obtenção do grau de doutor, cujo objectivo central era traçar um retrato emancipador do associativismo e cooperativismo agrário em Trás-os-Montes e Alto-Douro (TMAD), região do interior Norte de Portugal, durante o processo de modernização da agricultura portuguesa, no âmbito da adesão de Portugal à União Europeia (UE) e à Política Agrícola Comum (PAC). Com este estudo pudemos clarificar o papel das associações e cooperativas agrárias no desenvolvimento da agricultura de TMAD, nomeadamente do seu papel central no uso e aplicação do conhecimento científico e tecnológico às actividades dos agricultores e no constante apoio informativo, relacionado com o cumprimento das normas de produção e comercialização europeias. Verificamos que a grande fraqueza deste movimento reside no fraco espírito associativo e cooperativo da larga maioria dos associados e na incapacidade de estas organizações se constituírem como verdadeiros actores na definição das políticas de desenvolvimento agrário nacionais e europeias. Verificamos, ainda, a enorme importância social destas organizações no acompanhamento e apoio a uma população muito envelhecida, pouco instruída e muitas vezes sofrendo de alguma solidão. Por fim, verificamos que são os técnicos superiores destas organizações quem desempenha o papel mais importante no desenvolvimento das próprias organizações e consequentemente de todo o processo de desenvolvimento rural.
O texto brasileiro sobre o rural
Authors: Ferreira Paulo Rogers
Published: June 2022

O presente artigo é o núcleo de minha dissertação de mestrado em antropologia social. Nesse sentido, ele propõe revisitar uma parte da literatura brasileira sobre o rural, o que chamo de “O texto brasileiro sobre o rural”, na intenção de fazer perceber a cristalização imaginária de tais correntes, sob o ideário de uma sexualidade camponesa no singular.
Velhice, mundo rural e sociedades modernas
Authors: Gusmão Neusa Maria Mendes de , Alcântara Adriana de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho trata da velhice no meio rural e tem por pressuposto que o viver na cidade e no campo apresenta aspectos peculiares enquanto espaço marcado por tradições e valores. Assume-se aqui a perspectiva da antropologia, a fim de compreender como a vida social é produzida e reproduzida por idosos no campo. É importante olhar a sociedade onde eles estão inseridos e o como ela se refere a esses sujeitos. A interpretação dos processos de vida contempla a velhice no meio rural português e num pensar comparativo instiga-nos a explorar as práticas e representações da velhice no contexto rural brasileiro.
A educação no campo e a sua realidade
Authors: Valente Ana Lúcia
Published: June 2022

Objetiva-se contribuir no debate sobre a educação no campo, procurando recuperar alguns conceitos elaborados pela ciência antropológica, na qual se acumularam conhecimentos sobre a diversidade cultural, e destacar análises produzidas na área da história da educação, que trazem à luz informações pouco conhecidas que permitem a compreensão de alguns processos em andamento. Parte-se da análise de documentos oficiais que reivindicam a especificidade dessa educação voltada para o alunado marcado pela diversidade cultural e que vive no espaço rural, para proceder à crítica de certo enfoque sobre a temática, sinalizando para a necessidade de tratamento teórico mais rigoroso.
A agricultura, representação territorial e reprodução social da agricultura familiar
Authors: Lacerda Tatiana Ferreira Nobre de , Marques Paulo Eduardo Moruzzi
Published: June 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma análise das estratégias de reprodução social de agricultores familiares vinculados a projetos de desenvolvimento rural alimentados por inovadores discursos sociais, ambientais e políticos. Nesse propósito, duas idéias podem ser assinaladas como chaves. De um lado, destaca-se a criação de novos espaços rurais, caracterizados pela diversificação de atividades e pela intensificação de relações entre diferentes atores, fundadas, notadamente, sobre a preocupação ambiental, cuja expressão pode ser ilustrada pelas idéias de busca de alimentos “saudáveis” ou de valorização da paisagem e do modo de vida rural. De outro lado, examina-se a elaboração de estratégias pelos agricultores familiares voltadas à garantia de reprodução da unidade e do patrimônio familiar, articulando diferentes oportunidades que emergem dessas novas configurações. O trabalho veicula igualmente uma interpretação sobre a noção de pluriatividade com o objetivo de tornar mais nítidos os sentidos que se forjam em torno da noção de multifuncionalidade da agricultura.
Trabalho nos canaviais
Authors: Novaes José Roberto Pereira
Published: June 2022

A expansão e a modernização da agroindústria canavieira no Brasil ampliou o mercado de trabalho e as migrações, diferenciou e precarizou o trabalho, modifi cou o perfi l dos trabalhadores. As usinas alteraram os critérios de seleção, gestão e controle da mão de obra. Os trabalhadores jovens e migrantes passaram a ser preferidos para o trabalho no corte da cana das modernas usinas paulistas. A força física passou a ser um critério relevante na seleção dos trabalhadores por assegurar melhores índices de produtividade. Nesse cenário os jovens migram de suas regiões, trocam a enxada pelo facão, a liberdade pelo cativeiro nos canaviais. Até quando o uso do facão e da enxada cercearão o manuseio da caneta e dos livros para esses jovens, trabalhadores, migrantes?
Políticas públicas compensatórias para a mecanização do corte de cana crua
Authors: Alves Francisco
Published: June 2022

Este trabalho defende a implementação de políticas públicas compensatórias, que mitiguem a destruição dos postos de trabalho gerados pela mecanização total do corte de cana crua sem queimar. As propostas aqui apresentadas buscam a geração de trabalho e renda tanto nas regiões canavieiras quanto nas regiões de origem do grande contingente de trabalhadores migrantes sazonais pendulares, que anualmente saem de suas regiões de origem para buscar a venda de sua força de trabalho onde a cana demanda trabalhadores. Nesse trabalho defende-se, além da qualificação profissional dos trabalhadores desempregados, a destinação social das terras que serão desocupadas pela cana, com a mecanização completa do corte, nas regiões de destino, quanto à reforma agrária nas regiões de origem dos trabalhadores migrantes.
The clinical value of serum alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Agbecha Ayu
Published: June 2022

Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is a major fetal serum globulin structurally and functionally related to albumin. During fetal development, AFP is produced sequentially by the fetal yolk sac, gastrointestinal tract, and liver. Thus normal production of AFP is unique to fetal development, making it an ideal marker for early fetal evaluation. Since its introduction into obstetric practice, maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening has become the earliest non-invasive biochemical test to provide information regarding the fetus, thereby promoting access to earlier diagnosis, enabling families to make informed reproductive choices, and designing appropriate strategies for prenatal care and delivery. Normally, fetal AFP concentration levels continue to decrease through infantile stage (0 to 2 years), down to adult levels (0 – 8ng/ml). However, AFP is frequently re-expressed in patients affected by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and yolk-sac tumors (YST) therefore used in clinical practice as a tumor marker. To improve the specificity of AFP, glycoforms of AFP are determined and used in the differential/early diagnosis, follow up of treatment and prognostication of patients with AFP secreting tumors. Alpha-fetoprotein is also used as a biochemical diagnostic and prognostic marker for prolonged jaundice in newborns.
Behavior of pregnancy in adolescence, Mantilla health area, 2019-2020
Authors: Adriel Martìnez Rodríguez  , Ada de las Nieves Rodríguez Reyes  , Elisa Maria Puentes Rizo  , Pedro Rolando López Rodríguez  , Ailé Cruz Arias
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Pregnancy in adolescence is a problem of alarming dimensions that demands comprehensive multisectoral care. The incidence of pregnancy in adolescents has grown and no previous studies on the entity were found. Objective: To describe the behavior of adolescent pregnancy in the Mantilla health area. Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of a universe of 82 pregnant adolescents from the Mantilla health area from April 2019 to November 2020. A survey and test of perception of family functioning were applied, which were processed using Descriptive Statistics techniques. Results: 57.3% of the pregnant women were between 17 and 19 years old, 53.7% had not completed the pre-university or intermediate technical level and 75.6% did not wish to interrupt their pregnancy. Conclusions: Pregnancies in adolescence are unplanned and therefore unwanted; the vast majority of adolescents admit that they are incapable of facing pregnancy and what it means for their later life.
Yersel Fotogrametrik Yöntem Kullanılarak Fotogrametrik Yazılımların Karşılaştırılması: Hüsrev Paşa Camii Örneği
Authors: PULAT Fatih , YAKAR Murat , ULVİ Ali
Published: June 2022

Geçmişten günümüze bakıldığında pek az kültürel eser kendi özelliklerini koruyarak günümüze gelebilmiştir. Bu eserler gerek doğa olayları sonucu yaşadıkları tahribatlardan, gerek insan eli ile verilen zararlardan dolayı, gerekse de koruma altında olmasına rağmen gerekli onarımları yapısal özelliklerine uygun bir şekilde yapılmadığı için yapısal bozulmalar geçirmekte, dolayısıyla harap olup yıkılmaktadırlar. Yersel fotogrametri yöntemi ile yapıların tüm detayları üç boyutlu olarak ölçülebilmekte ve yapıya ait fotoğraflar ile yapının ölçülebilir bir üç boyutlu modeli elde edilebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Van ili, Merkez İpekyolu ilçesinde bulunan ve bir Mimar Sinan eseri olarak günümüze kadar gelebilmiş olan Hüsrev Paşa Camii’nin yersel fotogrametrik yöntem ile detay ölçümleri üç boyutlu olarak yapılmış, yapının resimleri çekilmiştir. Böylece elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirilerek yapı üzerinde istenilen her noktaya ait ölçü, yapısal malzeme cinsi, yapının görseli gibi tüm yapı detaylarına sahip üç boyutlu bir modelinin elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada farklı fotogrametrik yazılımlar kullanılarak karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar karşılaştırıldığında her iki yazılımında yeterli düzeyde hassasiyet sağladığı görülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerde hassasiyet bakımından Agisoft metashape yazılımının, elde edilen nokta bulutu sayısı ve projenin tamamlanma süresi olarak da Photomodeler UAS yazılımmının daha başarılı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Meitei Umanglaiharaoba and the Order of Nature
Authors: Premchandra Kshetrimayum
Published: June 2022

While the debate between climate change activists and sceptics continues, we sure know that nature has suffered exceedingly at the hands of human beings. It is a complicated issue, and we can only blame ourselves and our attitude towards nature for such a knee-jerk response to the crisis at hand. In this paper, the author explores nature as Manipuris/Meiteis perceive it in the traditional Manipuri faith system and the sub-system called umanglais and their appeasement festival called umanglaiharaoba. Nature in the Meitei faith system is inclusive of all living and non-living organisms. They consider nature as a source for their survival and subsistence. The author believes, quite contrary to popular belief that human beings have created chaos of culture after separating themselves from the order of nature. The dichotomy of doctrinal and non-doctrinal faith systems has also put up an extended argument regarding nature and its place in human discourses. It is to be seen how nature is placed in umanglaiharaoba and other associated rites and rituals and explore how much space and traction nature has lost over the centuries in the said activities and practices.
Handlungsbefähigung an den Schulen fördern, die Zukunft ist nicht unabänderbar!
Authors: Heißenberger Petra
Published: June 2022

Im Gespräch mit Norbert Pachler, Professor für Erziehungswissen­schaft am Institute of Education des University College London und Vorsitzender des Hochschulrates der Pädagogischen Hochschule Niederösterreich, zum Thema Futures Literacy.
Umsetzung von Reformen in Berufsschulen
Authors: Wegmüller Reto , Brückel Frank
Published: June 2022

Mit der Umsetzung der Berufsbildungsreformen 2022+ hat das Kaufmännische Berufsbildungszentrum Zug (Schweiz) die Aufgabe, künftig in interdisziplinären Kompetenzbereichen zusammenzuarbeiten. Für den Erfolg des Projekts ist es wichtig, dass die Mehrheit der Kolleg*innen das Projekt mitträgt und aktiv an der Umsetzung mitarbeitet. Bei einem Team mit unterschiedlichsten Berufsgruppen und gesamthaft rund 180 Mitarbeitenden, von denen knapp die Hälfte von den Reformen betroffen ist, müssen dafür verschiedene Sichtweisen und Ansprüche zusammengeführt werden. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt am Beispiel des Reformprojekts "Verkauf 2022+ und Kaufleute 2022" die anstehende Herausforderung, geht auf die Bedeutung der multirationalen Führung ein und zeigt auf, wie diese am Kaufmännischen Berufsbildungszentrum Zug konkret umgesetzt wird.
Die angstfreie Organisation
Authors: Schmucki Armin
Published: June 2022

Amy Edmondson zeigt in ihrem Buch sehr konkret anhand von Beispielen, wie psychologische Sicherheit gefördert und erhalten werden kann. Dieses Buch bietet einen gut verständlichen Überblick über wichtige Aspekte, die zu einer wirklichen Fehlerkultur führen können. Es ist sehr empfohlen für alle Berater*innen, für Führungspersonen und für Mitglieder in agilen Teams.
Das Schuljahr im Übergang zur Berufswelt nutzen
Authors: Krieg Martina , Roth Rebekka
Published: June 2022

Im letzten obligatorischen Schuljahr ist nicht nur häufig ein geringer Lernzuwachs bei den Schüler*innen zu verzeichnen, auch die Motivation für das Lernen sinkt. Mit dem Projekt "Sek I plus" versucht der Kanton Zug, die Schüler*innen im letzten Jahr mit eigenverantwortlichem Lernen und Projektunterricht individuell anschlussfähig an ihre weitere Schullaufbahn oder Berufsausbildung vorzubereiten.
Das soziale Miteinander in der Schule gestalten!
Authors: Schmid Maria , Ruess Annemarie
Published: June 2022

Wie gelingt es der Schulführung, Mündigkeit als grundlegendes Bildungsziel zu realisieren? Wie können überfachliche Kompetenzen, die in Zukunft in der Bildung noch bedeutsamer sind, durch die Schulfüh­rung gefördert werden? Eine Antwort könnte sein, dass Schulführung auf eine gemeinsame Entwicklung der Schulkultur fokussiert und dabei soziale Interaktionen und Partizipation der verschiedenen System­ebenen bewusst miteinbezieht und fördert. Die Akteure dieser Ebenen gilt es in die Gestaltung einer partizipativen Schulkultur einzubinden. Das Programm SOLE (soziales Lernen in der Schule) der Pädago­gischen Hochschule der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz (FHNW) in der Schweiz bietet Schulleitungen einen Rahmen, der diese Entwicklung unterstützt und dabei den nötigen Freiraum lässt, so dass sich Schulen gemäss ihrem Profil entfalten können.
Olympische Spiele versus Schule?
Authors: Dutter Susanne
Published: June 2022

Im Gespräch mit Elke Mayer-Rudolf, Leiterin der VS Krumbach und der VS Bad Schönau, zum Thema Futures Literacy.
Schule gemeinsam mit Lernenden gestalten
Authors: Häbig Julia , Zala-Mezö Enikö , Omlin Jaël , Totter Alexandra , Brückel Frank , Müller-Kuhn Daniela
Published: June 2022

Schule stellt einen Ort dar, an dem Partizipation gefördert werden kann und soll. Zugleich ist sie vor allem Lebensraum und Ausdruck von kollektiven Praktiken und wird auch und gerade von den zentralen Akteur*innen, den Schülerinnen und Schülern, geprägt. Diese Rolle der Schüler*innen kann bewusst adressiert werden. Im Forschungs-und Entwicklungsprojekt "Partizipative Schulentwicklung – Unterricht mit Schülerinnen und Schülern gestalten (PASUS)" wird Partizipation zum Gegenstand von Schulentwicklung gemacht. Die Lernenden sind kontinuierlich in Veränderungsprozesse einbezogen, erarbeiten gemeinsam mit Lehrpersonen und Forschenden neue Konzepte für Lernen und Unterricht und probieren diese aus. Im Beitrag werden Erfahrungen aus dem ersten Projektjahr berichtet, beispielsweise, wie die gesamte Schulgemeinschaft Anliegen und Bedürfnisse zur Frage des guten Lernens aushandeln kann.
Herausforderung Zukunftsfähigkeit
Authors: Tscherne Michaela
Published: June 2022

Führungskräfte werden heute mit zunehmend komplexer werdenden Problemen und Aufgaben konfroniert, welche in vielen Fällen zu rasch konzipierten Veränderungs- und Entwicklungsprojekten führen, deren Ziel meist eine schnelle Lösung von akuten Problemen darstellt.  Echte, nachhaltige Organisationsentwicklung wird dadurch nicht initiiert. Die zunehmende Dynamik und die Komplexität der Herausforderungen erfordern daher eine neue Führungskompetenz, um diesen Herausforderungen bewusster und strategischer zu begegnen: Zukunftsfähigkeit. Dazu braucht es neben der Auseinandersetzung mit dem eigenen Führungsverständnis auch das Erforschen der inneren Quelle für unsere Entscheidungen. Es braucht das Erkennen der tieferen Dimension von Führung und Wandel und es braucht den Fokus auf die Qualität und die Steuerung unserer Aufmerksamkeit. Das hier vorgestellte Buch beschreibt, wie die proaktive Gestaltung der Zukunft mit Hilfe der Theorie U gelingen kann.
Natur & Kultur VI
Authors: Sippl Carmen
Published: June 2022

Schulisches Lernen und schulleitendes Handeln finden in der Gegenwart statt: Schulleitung prägt Gegen­wart und blickt auf Zukunft. Orientierung bietet vielfach der Blick in die Vergangenheit: an den Meilensteinen fachlichen Wissens, an pädagogischen Vorbildern. In Leitbildern werden Profil, Selbst­verständnis, Ziele gemeinsamen Tuns zum Ausdruck gebracht. Welcher Raum dabei wird dem voraus­schauenden Antizipieren der Zukunft eingeräumt, für die Schule bildet und ausbildet? Schule als Zu­kunfts­schule im Hier und Jetzt setzt sich Futures Literacy zum Ziel. Dieser Beitrag skizziert die Poten­ziale des Anthropozän-Konzepts als sinnstiftende Erzählung, die dem Lernen und Lehren für Zukunfts­gestaltungskompetenz zugrundeliegt. Eine Einladung zur Neuausrichtung des schulischen Leitbildes an kultureller Nachhaltigkeit.
Visionen sind Voraussetzung
Authors: Hesse Matthias
Published: June 2022

Im Gespräch mit Verena Slavik, Leiterin der Allgemeinen Sonderschule Bruck an der Leitha, zum Thema Futures Literacy.