bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERVENÇÕES MUSICOTERAPÊUTICAS NO CONTEXTO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO – TICS: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Nunes Jéssyca Cristina Gomes , Anastácio Mauro Pereira Amoroso , Nunes Monara Kedma Gomes
Published: March 2023

No contexto atual de isolamento social devido à pandemia de COVID-19, a atuação musicoterapêutica facilitada por tecnologias de informação e comunicação – TICs têm emergido como possiblidade de intervenção em meio à crise global, tal como ocorre nos serviços de telessaúde. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou investigar a prática musicoterapêutica mediada por TICs. Para isto, fez-se uma revisão sistemática a partir do levantamento bibliográfico realizado nas bases de dados Google Scholar, LILACS, Scielo e Pubmed, o que resultou em oito artigos completos para elegibilidade. A análise do conteúdo dos artigos foi qualitativa e reportada em tabela, destacando os aspectos principais de cada estudo, como: tipo de estudo, amostra, intervenções, TICs utilizadas e principais resultados. Os resultados apontaram para o uso de musicoterapia ativa e receptiva em intervenções remotas, abrangendo condições como: Sí­ndrome de Aspeger, veteranos de guerra com psicopatologias, Doença de Parkinson e estresse. As intervenções de musicoterapia remota geraram resultados positivos como: diminuição do estresse, controle emocional, interação social, aumento da autoestima e autonomia, como também foram percebidas dificuldades quanto ao uso de TICs no que se refere à latência e à qualidade dos equipamentos eletrônicos. Diante disso, concluiu-se que as intervenções de musicoterapia em telessaúde geram benefí­cios clí­nicos, sociais e redução de custos com transporte, sobretudo para pessoas que residem em localidades remotas ou que tenham limitação em sua mobilidade, já as TICs utilizadas nas intervenções apresentaram limitações como baixa qualidade da conexão banda larga e dos dispositivos eletrônicos, o que pode interferir nas sessões.
Construção do Olhar pelas Exposições
Authors: Reis Paulo Roberto de Oliveira
Published: March 2023

Este artigo busca compreender as diferentes instâncias nas quais o espectador construiu historicamente seu olhar de aferição estética para as artes visuais, estabelecido por uma análise da trajetória das exposições de arte entre o séc. XVIII e o iní­cio do séc. XX. Através de diversificados modos de expor e planejar os espaços, a presença de catálogos e guias, salas especiais, manifestos e crí­tica especí­fica, as exposições de arte fundam algumas das maneiras de apreciação da arte.
Poty Lazzarotto e os Sertões: as ilustrações para "Canudos", de Euclides da Cunha
Authors: Nunes Fabricio Vaz , Costa Hilton
Published: March 2023

Este artigo analisa ­as ilustrações do artista plástico brasileiro Napoleon Potyguara Lazzarotto (1924-1998), conhecido mais simplesmente como Poty, para o livro Canudos, de Euclides da Cunha (1866-1909), publicado em 1956 pela Sociedade dos Cem Bibliófilos do Brasil, demonstrando interpretação do texto e das ideias do autor de Os sertões através das gravuras realizadas para o livro. A análise revela como Poty Lazzarotto criou ilustrações não apenas para as cartas de Euclides incluí­das em Canudos, mas também para elementos narrativos e descritivos de Os sertões. Dois aspectos principais são abordados nesta discussão: por um lado, a relação entre as representações do sertanejo no trecho O homem de Os sertões e a interpretação gráfica de Poty, incluindo os referenciais teóricos de Euclides encontrados entre as teorias racialistas e mesológicas do século XIX. Por outro lado, é discutida a representação da guerra de Canudos (1897), em que se destacam os aspectos dramáticos no texto de Euclides e a interpretação do ilustrador, em que vêm à tona as relações entre a arte gráfica de Poty e a obra do espanhol Francisco de Goya (1746-1828).
Transmí­dia e Criação Artí­stica Autoral: A Aurora Pós-humana.
Authors: Franco Edgar Silveira
Published: March 2023

O artigo conceitua brevemente transmí­dia, problematiza a segmentação da criação artí­stica no âmbito da academia e da sociedade e propõe uma revisão do conceito de artista criador "compartimentado" - que teme experimentar outras linguagens - ao trazer o contexto da criação transmidiática para o campo das artes, tomando como referência o pensamento de R. Buckminster Fuller. Propõe a possibilidade do uso da transmí­dia como espaço para a criação artí­stica autoral e apresenta o universo ficcional transmí­dia da "Aurora Pós-humana" , criado pelo artista Edgar Franco, destacando suas bases fundamentais e os referenciais teóricos para o seu desenvolvimento. Finalmente apresenta algumas das criações em múltiplas mí­dias e suportes produzidas no contexto da "Aurora Pós-humana" como: histórias em quadrinhos, - com destaque para o álbum BioCyberDrama Saga e a revista periódica Artlectos e Pós-humanos-, HQtrônicas, Web arte, Gamearte, instalações interativas, música, performances cí­bridas, aforismos e HQforismos.
O aparato tecnológico e o sí­mbolo imagético no curta metragem ¨Sobre o que não está mais lá¨
Authors: Moro Glaucio Henrique
Published: March 2023

Este texto visa trabalhar a questão do aparato tecnológico como mediador visual e a construção de sí­mbolos imagéticos do curta-metragem documental Sobre o que não está mais lá, de Carlos Debiasi. Dá ênfase a essa discussão o processo de produção do filme, a gravação de itens e objetos de uma casa, que foi desencadeada pelo falecimento de um parente próximo e a relação do autor com a câmera que documentava detalhes e memórias, e que ao mesmo tempo, criava uma proteção e uma expressão diante da situação.
Felicidade Clandestina: Uma Fotonarrativa Baseada em Bordados de Marjane Satrapi
Authors: Do Amaral Janaynne Carvalho , Fernandes Ana Rita Vidica
Published: March 2023

Esta comunicação busca descrever e refletir sobre a Direção de Arte aplicada ao processo de adaptação e produção da fotonorrativa Felicidade Clandestina a partir de uma cena da obra Bordados da iraniana Marjane Satrapi. Para tanto, foram analisados dados biográficos e aspectos estéticos da autora, assim como conceitos sobre a linguagem dos quadrinhos, da fotografia e do teatro. Como estudo de caso, e evidenciando o contraste entre a percepção do universo feminino do Ocidente e do Oriente Médio, através de uma análise técnica e estética, a produção de fotonovelas da Revista Grande Hotel de 1960 foi estudada em conjunto com os desenhos de Marjane Satrapi. Faz-se uma revisão do potencial expressivo da fotonovela, melhor qualificada, no presente contexto sobre o conceito de fotonarrativa, questionando os preconceitos que cercam tanto o gênero, quanto à visão sobre a posição da mulher e a cultura iraniana.
OUTROS MODOS DE RELAÇÃO COM A IMAGEM PROJETADA: Do plano da tela para o espaço
Authors: Nunes Ellen Medeiros
Published: March 2023

O ensaio é voltado à reflexão da migração do dispositivo cinema para os espaços da arte, com o objetivo de observar as modificações ocorridas nesse dispositivo, focando a relação entre projetor/ imagem projetada/ arquitetura do espaço expositivo/ corpo do espectador. Pressupõe- se aqui que o cinema expandido antecipa muitas das problemáticas que norteiam a produção norte americana da década de 1960 e 1970. Este momento marca a passagem da escultura moderna para a contemporânea, que, sob a influência do minimalismo, abstracionismo e arte conceitual, quebra os cânones sob os quais a escultura moderna se assentava e funda novas relações espaciais.
Essa apuração se dá por meio da leitura de "Between the black box and the white cube" de Andrew V. Uroskie, "Modern sculpture reader" organizado por John Wood, David Hulks e Alex Potts, "Language of new media" de Lev Manovich, "A tecnologia na arte: da fotografia à realidade virtual" de Edmond Couchot, "O complexo arte-arquitetura" de Hal Foster, "A escultura no campo ampliado" e "Passages" de Rosalind Krauss, "No interior do cubo branco: a ideologia do espaço da arte" de Brian O'Doherty, "Esculpindo o espaço" de Agnaldo Farias, "The experience machine: Stan VanDerBeek's movie drome and the expanded cinema" de Gloria Sutton e "Between the black box and the white cube" de Andrew V. Uroskie.
Para demonstrar esta hipótese trago a obra "Line describing a cone" de Anthony McCall, "Shutter interface" de Paul Sharits e "Movie drome" de Stan VanDerBeek. Todas as obras foram estudadas a partir de textos escritos pelos próprios artistas.
CRÍTICA DA ARTE CONTEMPORÂNEA: Referências estéticas e linguagens da arte
Authors: Wagner Christiane
Published: March 2023

Este artigo apresenta as principais noções estéticas em relação à análise crí­tica das culturas europeias tradicionais e, recentemente, da americana. Para esse fim, o sentido da cultura americana, em que se fundam as linguagens das artes, é analisado com base na história da filosofia ocidental. O que, em consequência, enfatiza ambas as teorias da arte e a estética contemporânea para uma melhor compreensão do sentido na crí­tica da arte atual com discernimento sobre o raciocí­nio teórico, normativo ou ideológico em artes visuais.
The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 Experienced by Married Individuals Living in Türkiye on Marital Adjustment
Authors: Cekic Yasemin , Uslu Sahan Fatma , Er Korucu Asli
Published: March 2023

Aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of fear of COVID-19 experienced by married individuals living in Türkiye on marital adjustment.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Research data were collected between April 10 and 24, 2021, using the nonprobability snowball sampling technique. An online questionnaire that consisted of a participant information form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the Marital Adjustment Scale was applied to the participants via social media.

Results: A total of 503 married individuals participated in the study. We found that the majority of the participants had negative changes in their feelings, thoughts, social lives, plans, and friend and work relationships during the pandemic process. According to the results of the regression analysis, the fear of COVID-19 explained 32.6% of the marital adjustment score of the participants.

Conclusion: In stressful life events such as pandemics, it is necessary to plan appropriate interventions to protect married individuals’ mental health and marital adjustment.

Keywords: COVID-19, fear, marital status, adjustments
Infectious viruses from transfected SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA
Authors: Väisänen Elina , Jiang Miao , Laine Larissa , Waris Matti , Julkunen Ilkka , Österlund Pamela
Published: March 2023

SARS-CoV-2 emerged at the end of 2019, and like other novel pathogens causing severe symptoms, WHO recommended heightened biosafety measures for laboratories working with the virus. The positive-stranded genomic RNA of coronaviruses has been known to be infectious since the 1970s, and overall, all experiments with the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 propagation are carried out in higher containment level laboratories. However, as SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been routinely handled in BSL-2 laboratories, the question of the true nature of RNA infectiousness has risen along with discussion of appropriate biosafety measures. Here, we studied the ability of native SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA to produce infectious viruses when transfected into permissive cells and discussed the biosafety control measures related to these assays. In transfection assays large quantities of genomic vRNA of SARS-CoV-2 was required for a successful production of infectious viruses. However, the quantity of vRNA alone was not the only factor, and especially when the transfected RNA was derived from infected cells, even small amounts of genomic vRNA was enough for an infection. Virus replication was found to start rapidly after transfection, and infectious viruses were detected in the cell culture media at 24 h post-transfection. In addition, silica membrane-based kits were shown to be as good as traditional TRI-reagent based methods in extracting high-quality, 30 kb-long genomic vRNA. Taken together, our data indicates that all transfection experiments with samples containing genomic SARS-CoV-2 RNA should be categorized as a propagative work and the work should be conducted only in a higher containment BSL-3 laboratory.
Reasonable production allocation model of gas wells for deep tight gas reservoirs with the edge water
Authors: Huang Weiting , Zhan Zedong , Niu Na , Xiao Yihang , Shi Yongheng
Published: March 2023

Deep tight gas reservoirs are one of the important unconventional gas reservoirs. Deep burial, tight reservoirs have many characteristics, including diverse accumulation patterns, multiple accumulation regulations, low natural energy generation, complex gas–water relationship, and intricate seepage mechanism. These features of gas reservoirs put forward the requirement for new methods for a reasonable production allocation of horizontal wells and optimization of such allocations from the perspective of stress sensitivity. While CO2 huff-and-puff-based models, numerical simulation models, and thermos-hydrodynamic models have been built to solve these issues, there is still a lack of theoretical guidance for reasonable production allocation, especially with the edge-water problem. Here, we present a new one-dimensional mathematical and physical model to capture the stable movement of the gas–water interface in deep tight edge-water gas reservoirs. Our results show that there is a starting pressure in deep tight gas reservoirs. The starting pressure gradient increases with the growth of water saturation, which is far greater than the starting pressure gradient of medium, shallow gas reservoirs under the same water saturation. In addition, by considering the stable movement of the gas–water interface under the starting pressure, we found that the gas well has a larger upper limit of production differential pressure, a smaller seepage velocity, and a lower upper limit of production allocation. Finally, we make a comparison between our model results and production characteristics of real gas wells and find a consistency between the model results with real data. Our model provides a theoretical framework for reasonable production allocation of gas wells in deep tight gas reservoirs with the edge water.
Analysis of cerebral infarction caused by dysplasminogenemia in three pedigrees
Authors: Chen Xuanyu , Zou Ming , Lu Chunxing , Zhou Ruyi , Lou Shuyue , Wang Yujia , Ding Hongxiang , Han Zhao , Hu Beilei
Published: March 2023

Background and aims: Dysplasminogenemia is a rare heritable disease caused by plasminogen (PLG) gene defects resulting in hypercoagulability. In this report we describe three notable cases of cerebral infarction (CI) complicated with dysplasminogenemia in young patients.

Methods: Coagulation indices were examined on STAGO STA-R-MAX analyzer. PLG: A was analyzed using a chromogenic substrate-based approach using a chromogenic substrate method. All nineteen exons of PLG gene and their 5′and 3′flanking regions were amplified by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Suspected mutation was confirmed by reverse sequencing.

Results: PLG activity (PLG:A) in proband 1 and 3 of his tested family members, proband 2 and 2 of his tested family members, and proband 3 and her father were all reduced to roughly 50% of normal levels. Sequencing led to the identification of a heterozygous c.1858G>A missense mutation in exon 15 of the PLG gene in these three patients and affected family members.

Conclusion: We conclude that the observed reduction in PLG:A was the result of this p.Ala620Thr missense mutation in the PLG gene. The CI incidence in these probands may be attributable to the inhibition of normal fibrinolytic activity as a consequence of this heterozygous mutation.
Genome-wide analysis emancipates genomic diversity and signature of selection in Altay white-headed cattle of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Chen Jialei , Wang Yushu , Qi Xingshan , Cheng Haijian , Chen Ningbo , Ahmed Zulfiqar , Chen Qiuming , Lei Chuzhao , Yang Xueyi
Published: March 2023

Altay white-headed cattle have not received enough attention for several reasons. Due to irrational breeding and selection practices, the number of pure Altay white-headed cattle has decreased significantly and the breed is now on the eve of extinction. The genomic characterization will be a crucial step towards understanding the genetic basis of productivity and adaptability to survival under native Chinese agropastoral systems; nevertheless, no attempt has been made in Altay white-headed cattle. In the current study, we compared the genomes of 20 Altay white-headed cattle to the genomes of 144 individuals in representative breeds. Population genetic diversity revealed that the nucleotide diversity of Altay white-headed cattle was less than that of indicine breeds and comparable to that of Chinese taurus cattle. Using population structure analysis, we also found that Altay white-headed cattle carried the ancestry of the European and East Asian cattle lineage. In addition, we used three different methods (FST, θπ ratio and XP-EHH) to investigate the adaptability and white-headed phenotype of Altay white-headed cattle and compared it with Bohai black cattle. We found EPB41L5, SCG5 and KIT genes on the list of the top one percent genes, these genes might have an association with environmental adaptability and the white-headed phenotype for this breed. Our research reveals the distinctive genomic features of Altay white-headed cattle at the genome-wide level.
Qualitative analysis of anti-abortion discourse used in arguments for a 6-week abortion ban in South Carolina
Authors: Lambert Victoria C. , Hackworth Emily E. , Billings Deborah L.
Published: March 2023

Background

On June 24, 2022, The U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, leaving abortion legislation entirely up to states. However, anti-abortion activists and legislators have organized for decades to prevent abortion access through restrictive state-level legislation. In 2019, South Carolina legislators proposed a bill criminalizing abortion after 6 weeks gestation, before most people know they are pregnant. The current study examines the anti-abortion rhetoric used in legislative hearings for this extreme abortion restriction in South Carolina. By examining the arguments used by anti-abortion proponents, we aim to expose their misalignment with public opinion on abortion and demonstrate that their main arguments are not supported by and often are counter to medical and scientific evidence.

Methods

We qualitatively analyzed anti-abortion discourse used during legislative hearings of SC House Bill 3020, The South Carolina Fetal Heartbeat Protection from Abortion Act. Data came from publicly available videos of legislative hearings between March and November 2019, during which members of the public and legislators testified for and against the abortion ban. After the videos were transcribed, we thematically analyzed the testimonies using a priori and emergent coding.

Results

Testifiers (Anti-abortion proponents) defended the ban using scientific disinformation and by citing advances in science to redefine “life.” A central argument was that a fetal “heartbeat” (i.e., cardiac activity) detected at 6 weeks gestation indicates life. Anti-abortion proponents used this to support their argument that the 6-week ban would “save lives.” Other core strategies compared anti-abortion advocacy to civil rights legislation, vilified supporters and providers of abortion, and framed people who get abortions as victims. Personhood language was used across strategies and was particularly prominent in pseudo-scientific arguments.

Discussion

Abortion restrictions are detrimental to the health and wellbeing of people with the potential to become pregnant and to those who are pregnant. Efforts to defeat abortion bans must be grounded in a critical and deep understanding of anti-abortion strategies and tactics. Our results reveal that anti-abortion discourse is extremely inaccurate and harmful. These findings can be useful in developing effective approaches to countering anti-abortion rhetoric.
Increased BMP-Smad signaling does not affect net bone mass in long bones
Authors: Omi Maiko , Koneru Tejaswi , Lyu Yishan , Haraguchi Ai , Kamiya Nobuhiro , Mishina Yuji
Published: March 2023

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been used for orthopedic and dental application due to their osteoinductive properties; however, substantial numbers of adverse reactions such as heterotopic bone formation, increased bone resorption and greater cancer risk have been reported. Since bone morphogenetic proteins signaling exerts pleiotropic effects on various tissues, it is crucial to understand tissue-specific and context-dependent functions of bone morphogenetic proteins. We previously reported that loss-of-function of bone morphogenetic proteins receptor type IA (BMPR1A) in osteoblasts leads to more bone mass in mice partly due to inhibition of bone resorption, indicating that bone morphogenetic protein signaling in osteoblasts promotes osteoclast function. On the other hand, hemizygous constitutively active (ca) mutations for BMPR1A (caBmpr1awt/+) in osteoblasts result in higher bone morphogenetic protein signaling activity and no overt skeletal changes in adult mice. Here, we further bred mice for heterozygous null for Bmpr1a (Bmpr1a+/−) and homozygous mutations of caBmpr1a (caBmpr1a+/+) crossed with Osterix-Cre transgenic mice to understand how differences in the levels of bone morphogenetic protein signaling activity specifically in osteoblasts contribute to bone phenotype. We found that Bmpr1a+/−, caBmpr1awt/+ and caBmpr1a+/+ mice at 3 months of age showed no overt bone phenotypes in tibiae compared to controls by micro-CT and histological analysis although BMP-Smad signaling is increased in both caBmpr1awt/+ and caBmpr1a+/+ tibiae and decreased in the Bmpr1a+/− mice compared to controls. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that slightly higher levels of bone formation markers and resorption markers along with levels of bone morphogenetic protein-Smad signaling, however, there was no significant changes in TRAP positive cells in tibiae. These findings suggest that changes in bone morphogenetic protein signaling activity within differentiating osteoblasts does not affect net bone mass in the adult stage, providing insights into the concerns in the clinical setting such as high-dose and unexpected side effects of bone morphogenetic protein application.
Morphological change and differential proteomics analysis of gill in Mytilus coruscus under starvation
Authors: Liang Ze-Wei , Li Si-Yuan , Zhang Xiao-Lin , Chen Chuan-Yue , Sun Wen-Jing , Gu Zhong-Qi , Huang Ji , He Jian-Yu , Qi Peng-Zhi , Guo Bao-Ying , Liao Zhi , Yan Xiao-Jun
Published: March 2023

Mytilus coruscus is a dominant shellfish in the Yangtze estuary and its adjacent sea area. Food deprivation often occurs during their growth due to fluctuations in algal abundance caused by seasonal freshwater flushing and high-density aquaculture mode. To investigate the coping strategies of M. coruscus to starvation stress, electron microscopy and differential proteomic analysis were performed on the critical feeding organ gill of the mussels after 9 days of starvation. The electron microscopy results showed that the cilia of the mussel gills were dissolved, and the gaps between gill filaments widened under starvation. Differential proteomic analysis revealed that phagocytosis-related proteins such as ATPeV1E, ATPeV1C, LAMP1_2 and CTSL were significantly upregulated, and the phagocytosis pathway was significantly enriched (p < 0.05). In addition, the corin content in gill and myeloperoxidase level as well as the number of dead cells in blood were both significantly increased (p < 0.05). What’s more, proteomic data suggested that immune maintenance, cellular transport and metabolism related pathways were significantly enriched, which illustrated an immune and metabolism responses under starvation. This study reveals for the first time that phagocytosis functions as an essential strategy for M. coruscus to cope with starvation, which provides new scientific knowledge and a theoretical basis for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of mussel to starvation and for rational optimization of mussel culture patterns.
Differences in phyllosphere microbiomes among different Populus spp. in the same habitat
Authors: Liu Jiaying , Zhang Weixi , Liu Yuting , Zhu Wenxu , Yuan Zhengsai , Su Xiaohua , Ding Changjun
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The above-ground parts of terrestrial plants are collectively known as the phyllosphere. The surface of the leaf blade is a unique and extensive habitat for microbial communities. Phyllosphere bacteria are the second most closely associated microbial group with plants after fungi and viruses, and are the most abundant, occupying a dominant position in the phyllosphere microbial community. Host species are a major factor influencing the community diversity and structure of phyllosphere microorganisms.

Methods

In this study, six Populus spp. were selected for study under the same site conditions and their phyllosphere bacterial community DNA fragments were paired-end sequenced using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing. Based on the distribution of the amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), we assessed the alpha-diversity level of each sample and further measured the differences in species abundance composition among the samples, and predicted the metabolic function of the community based on the gene sequencing results.

Results

The results revealed that different Populus spp. under the same stand conditions resulted in different phyllosphere bacterial communities. The bacterial community structure was mainly affected by the carbon and soluble sugar content of the leaves, and the leaf nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon/nitrogen were the main factors affecting the relative abundance of phyllosphere bacteria.

Discussion

Previous studies have shown that a large proportion of the variation in the composition of phyllosphere microbial communities was explained by the hosts themselves. In contrast, leaf-borne nutrients were an available resource for bacteria living on the leaf surface, thus influencing the community structure of phyllosphere bacteria. These were similar to the conclusions obtained in this study. This study provides theoretical support for the study of the composition and structure of phyllosphere bacterial communities in woody plants and the factors influencing them.
Association of early childhood constipation with the risk of autism spectrum disorder in Taiwan: Real-world evidence from a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Lee Yi-Feng , Wu Meng-Che , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai , Huang Jing-Yang , Wei James Cheng-Chung
Published: March 2023

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental problem that presents with limited interests, repetitive behaviors, and deficits in reciprocal communication and social interactions. Mounting evidence indicates that an imbalanced gut microbiota contributes to autism via the gut-brain axis. Constipation may result in alteration of the gut microbiota. The clinical influence of constipation on ASD has not been fully researched. Thus, in this study we aimed to evaluate whether early childhood constipation influenced the risk of developing ASD using a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Methods

We identified 12,935 constipated children aged 3 years or younger from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan from 1997 to 2013. Non-constipated children were also selected from the database and propensity score matching of age, gender, and underlying comorbidities was conducted with a ratio of 1:1. Kaplan–Meier analysis was applied to determine different levels of constipation severity and cumulative incidence of autism. Subgroup analysis was also applied in this study.

Results

The incidence rate of ASD was 12.36 per 100,000 person-months in the constipation group, which was higher than the rate of 7.84 per 100,000 person-months noted in the non-constipation controls. Constipated children had a significantly higher risk of autism when compared to the non-constipation group (crude relative risk = 1.458, 95% CI = 1.116–1.904; adjusted hazard ratio = 1.445, 95% CI = 1.095–1.907).

Moreover, among constipated children, a higher number of laxative prescriptions, male gender, constipation during infancy, and atopic dermatitis were significantly associated with higher risks of ASD when compared to the non-constipation group.

Conclusion

Constipation in early childhood was correlated with a significantly increased risk of ASD. Clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of ASD in constipated children. Further research is necessary to study the possible pathophysiological mechanisms of this association.
Applying the core-satellite species concept: Characteristics of rare and common riverine dissolved organic matter
Authors: Stadler Masumi , Barnard Malcolm A. , Bice Kadir , de Melo Michaela L. , Dwivedi Dipankar , Freeman Erika C. , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa A. , Linkhorst Annika , Mateus-Barros Erick , Shi Cheng , Tanentzap Andrew J. , Meile Christof
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition varies over space and time, with a multitude of factors driving the presence or absence of each compound found in the complex DOM mixture. Compounds ubiquitously present across a wide range of river systems (hereafter termed core compounds) may differ in chemical composition and reactivity from compounds present in only a few settings (hereafter termed satellite compounds). Here, we investigated the spatial patterns in DOM molecular formulae presence (occupancy) in surface water and sediments across 97 river corridors at a continental scale using the “Worldwide Hydrobiogeochemical Observation Network for Dynamic River Systems—WHONDRS” research consortium.

Methods

We used a novel data-driven approach to identify core and satellite compounds and compared their molecular properties identified with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS).

Results

We found that core compounds clustered around intermediate hydrogen/carbon and oxygen/carbon ratios across both sediment and surface water samples, whereas the satellite compounds varied widely in their elemental composition. Within surface water samples, core compounds were dominated by lignin-like formulae, whereas protein-like formulae dominated the core pool in sediment samples. In contrast, satellite molecular formulae were more evenly distributed between compound classes in both sediment and water molecules. Core compounds found in both sediment and water exhibited lower molecular mass, lower oxidation state, and a higher degree of aromaticity, and were inferred to be more persistent than global satellite compounds. Higher putative biochemical transformations were found in core than satellite compounds, suggesting that the core pool was more processed.

Discussion

The observed differences in chemical properties of core and satellite compounds point to potential differences in their sources and contribution to DOM processing in river corridors. Overall, our work points to the potential of data-driven approaches separating rare and common compounds to reduce some of the complexity inherent in studying riverine DOM.
Complications of extraperitoneal robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer: A single high-volume center experience
Authors: Paladini Alessio , Cochetti Giovanni , Felici Graziano , Russo Miriam , Saqer Eleonora , Cari Luigi , Bordini Stefano , Mearini Ettore
Published: March 2023

Introduction

The role of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) has been debated over the years, but it appears safe and effective in selected patients. While the outcomes of transperitoneal RARP for high-risk PCa have been already widely investigated, data on the extraperitoneal approach are scarcely available. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate intra- and postoperative complications in a series of patients with high-risk PCa treated by extraperitoneal RARP (eRARP) and pelvic lymph node dissection. The secondary aim is to report oncological and functional outcomes.

Methods

Data of patients who underwent eRARP for high-risk PCa were prospectively collected from January 2013 to September 2021. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded, as also perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were classified by employing Intraoperative Adverse Incident Classification by the European Association of Urology and the Clavien–Dindo classification, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate a potential association between clinical and pathological features and the risk of complications.

Results

A total of 108 patients were included. The mean operative time and estimated blood loss were 183.5 ± 44 min and 115.2 ± 72.4 mL, respectively. Only two intraoperative complications were recorded, both grade 3. Early complications were recorded in 15 patients, of which 14 were of minor grade, and 1 was grade IIIa. Late complications were diagnosed in four patients, all of grade III. Body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/mL, PSA density >0.15 ng/mL2, and pN1 significantly correlated with a higher rate of overall postoperative complications. Moreover, BMI >30 kg/m2, PSA >20 ng/mL, and pN1 significantly correlated with a higher rate of early complications, while PSA >20 ng/mL, prostate volume <30 mL, and pT3 were significantly associated with a higher risk of late complications. In multivariate regression analysis, PSA >20 ng/mL significantly correlated with overall postoperative complications, while PSA > 20 and pN1 correlated with early complications. Urinary continence and sexual potency were restored in 49.1%, 66.7%, and 79.6% of patients and in 19.1%, 29.9%, and 36.2% of patients at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively.

Conclusions

eRARP with pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with high-risk PCa is a feasible and safe technique, resulting in only a few intra- and postoperative complications, mostly of low grade.
Women's participation on the boards of farmer-owned cooperatives
Authors: Hansen Henning Otte , Asmild Mette
Published: March 2023

Initiatives and specific measures aimed at increasing the presence of women on corporate boards have become widespread. However, not much academic attention has been paid to this subject up till now, when it comes to farmer-owned cooperatives. The article shows that farmer-owned cooperatives do have special problems when it comes to women on boards. The farmer-owned cooperatives in Denmark have been chosen as cases in this article, as they are quite big, exposed to international competition and have substantial market power. Based on annual reports from 25 farmer-owned cooperatives and two of their investor-owned subsidiaries in the years 2005–2022, inputs from present and former board members of farmer-owned cooperatives, CSR-reports etc. a number of conclusions are drawn. Cooperatives have particular challenges with regard to gender diversity on boards due to their specific structure and requirements—compared to investor-owned companies. Different types of barriers that limit women's representation on boards can be identified: (1) Institutional barriers in terms of statutes and cooperative principles. (2) Structural barriers in the form of a narrow or skewed recruitment base. (3) Historical and cultural barriers, where agriculture is typically a male-dominated business. Women's representation on boards of farmer-owned cooperatives is relatively low but increasing. From 2005 to 2021 the weighted average share of female board members has increased from about 1–20%. Gender diversity in farmer-owned cooperatives is consistently less than in listed companies. The increasing representativeness of women is primarily due to the presence of more female external members. Since 2013 the proportion of women has increased, and in 2021 there were more female than male external board members. Female board members are more common in the large farmer-owned cooperatives than in the small. A positive correlation between the size of the companies and the representation of women is identified. This is supported by large cooperatives' greater focus in annual reports and CSR strategies on women's representativeness. Based on the cooperatives' diversity policy, their explicit and specific goals for women's representativeness on boards, interviews with board members etc. a clear awareness of the challenge of gender diversity on the boards is identified.
Computed tomographic quantitative evaluation of common bile duct size in normal dogs: A reference range study considering body weight
Authors: Kim Yein , Kim Sung-Soo , Kwon Danbee , Im Deokho , Lee Kichang , Yoon Hakyoung
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Common bile duct (CBD) measurements are important for the evaluation of biliary systemic disorders. However, in veterinary medicine, reference ranges for specific body weights (BW) and correlation between CBD diameter and BW have not been studied. This study aimed to establish normal reference ranges of CBD diameter for different BW groups and to analyse correlation between CBD diameter and BW in dogs without hepatobiliary disease. Additionally, normal reference ranges of CBD to aorta ratio (CBD: Ao ratio) were established which is not affected by BW.

Methods

CBD diameter was measured at three different sites: porta hepatis (PH), duodenal papilla (DP) level and mid-portion (Mid) between these points using computed tomography (CT) in 283 dogs without hepatobiliary disease.

Results

The reference range of CBD diameter at PH level: 1.69 ± 0.29 mm (Class 1; 1 kg ≤ BW < 5 kg), 1.92 ± 0.35 mm (Class 2; 5 kg ≤ BW < 10 kg), 2.20 ± 0.43 mm (Class 3; 10 kg ≤ BW < 15 kg), 2.79 ± 0.49 mm (Class 4; 15 kg ≤ BW < 30 kg); Mid-level: 2.06 ± 0.25 mm (Class 1), 2.43 ± 0.37 mm (Class 2), 2.74 ± 0.52 mm (Class 3), 3.14 ± 0.44 mm (Class 4); DP level: 2.33 ± 0.34 mm (Class 1), 2.90 ± 0.36 mm (Class 2), 3.35 ± 0.49 mm (Class 3), and 3.83 ± 0.50 mm (Class 4). There was a significant difference in CBD diameter at each level among all BW groups. Furthermore, BW and CBD diameter showed positive linear correlation at each level. We devised CBD: Ao ratio at each level that showed no significant difference between the different BW groups; PH level: 0.34 ± 0.05; Mid-level: 0.42 ± 0.06; DP level: 0.47 ± 0.06.

Conclusion

In conclusion, since the CBD diameter for each BW is significantly different, different normal reference ranges of CBD diameter should be applied for each BW, and the CBD: Ao ratio can be used regardless of the BW.
Study on the Dynamic Generation of Subcooled Water Using a Compact Heat Exchanger
Authors: Cheng Pengwei , Wang Kaijian , Sinkolongo Solomon
Published: March 2023

The dynamic generation of ice slurry from subcooled water is one of the most promising ways to make ice; this process is utilized widely in ice storage air-conditioning systems. However, the random occurrence of ice blockage during the generation of subcooled water using conventional heat exchangers prevents the increase in subcooling, thereby reducing the efficiency of the release of the subcooled water and converting it into ice slurry. A more efficient approach to reducing the fluid passage time is to employ a compact heat exchanger with a highly efficient heat transfer performance, a heat transfer length of only 21.5 mm, and a hydraulic diameter of 0.32 mm. A compact heat exchanger was used to build a dynamic generation setup for subcooled water, and 40 wt% of non-freezing liquid and tap water was used as the working fluid for heat exchange to generate subcooled water. The results show that the compact heat exchanger can achieve a greater subcooling degree (3.8 K) and longer duration (108 min). This study further explored the potential for dynamic ice making from deep, subcooled water and improved the overall structure of the compact heat exchanger used. The experimental setup is recommended based on the analysis of the results.
Theoretical Advancements on a Few New Dependence Models Based on Copulas with an Original Ratio Form
Authors: Chesneau Christophe
Published: March 2023

Copulas are well-known tools for describing the relationship between two or more quantitative variables. They have recently received a lot of attention, owing to the variable dependence complexity that appears in heterogeneous modern problems. In this paper, we offer five new copulas based on a common original ratio form. All of them are defined with a single tuning parameter, and all reduce to the independence copula when this parameter is equal to zero. Wide admissible domains for this parameter are established, and the mathematical developments primarily rely on non-trivial limits, two-dimensional differentiations, suitable factorizations, and mathematical inequalities. The corresponding functions and characteristics of the proposed copulas are looked at in some important details. In particular, as common features, it is shown that they are diagonally symmetric, but not Archimedean, not radially symmetric, and without tail dependence. The theory is illustrated with numerical tables and graphics. A final part discusses the multi-dimensional variation of our original ratio form. The contributions are primarily theoretical, but they provide the framework for cutting-edge dependence models that have potential applications across a wide range of fields. Some established two-dimensional inequalities may be of interest beyond the purposes of this paper.
Religious Education in the Early Years: An Irish Perspective
Authors: O’Farrell Cora
Published: March 2023

Ireland’s education system at primary level is renowned for its lack of diversity, with most schools falling under the patronage of the Catholic Church. This homogeneity of school type is problematic from a number of perspectives, not least the changed demographics in terms of religious affiliation in Ireland. There is a desire for change by all; however, the pace of change is slow. Whilst the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) determines the curriculum for all subject areas in primary schools, this body has no remit over the subject of religious education (RE). The responsibility for the provision of RE has rested with the patrons of schools since the inception of the national school system. This review focuses on the provision of early years’ Catholic RE in schools and pre-schools in the Republic of Ireland. In recent years, the importance afforded to the subject of RE and its status in schools has been eroded. The impact on early childhood religious education of this diminution is outlined. The review also addresses the training and support of teachers to work in the Catholic school sector and concurs with other writers in the field that current programmes of preparation require reform.
Epidemiological profile of epileptic seizures related to alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Authors: Guimarães Jéssica , Barros de Oliveira Lígia , Souto de Vasconcelos Renato , Henrique Souza Reis Pedro , Jurno Mauro Eduardo , Rabello Francisco de Assis Pinto Cabral Júnior
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) can occur in about half of patients with alcohol use disorder who abruptly reduce or cease consumption of this substance. Epileptic seizures are one of the possible manifestations. Objective. Evaluate epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, length of hospital stay and recurrence of emergency medical care between patients with alcohol withdrawal-related epileptic seizures. Method. This is a retrospective observational study, with data collection from medical records of patients treated for epileptic seizures caused by AWS in a public hospital in Minas Gerais within a year. Inferential statistical association between nominal variables was assessed by cross-tabulation with the chi-square test. Results. 45 patients were included in the study. The most prevalent age group was 35 to 45 years (37.7%). In 46.6%, it was described a previous diagnosis of epilepsy. There was an association between the previous diagnosis of epilepsy and the presence of epileptic seizures (p<0.001). The type of seizure was generalized tonic-clonic since the onset in 92% of cases. 78% had seizures up to 48 hours after the last alcohol consumption. The rate of recurrence at the emergency department during the year was 31%. Conclusion. AWS-related epileptic seizures predominantly affect young men and are associated with a high recurrence rate of need of emergency hospital care, being a complex public health problem. These data point to the need to strengthen strategies for primary prevention.
Lat. ethimologista : notes pour une histoire du mot
Authors: Biondi Laura
Published: March 2023

Dans le De diphthongis attribué à un grammairien médiéval Apulée et conservé dans le manuscrit Reims B.M.432 (dernier quart ou fin du XIIe s.) on lit la plus ancienne attestation, jusqu’à aujourd’hui, du latin ethimologista. Dans cette étude on s’est proposé de suggérer un lien tant formel que culturel entre ethimologista et une autre création qui enrichit le vocabulaire de la linguistique médiévale, le verbe ethimologizo connu dans la Summa super Priscianum de Pierre Hélie. Ces néologismes peuvent refléter un moment de la pensée linguistique où l’étymologie, reconnue comme partie intégrante de la grammaire, acquiert un statut autonome comme procédure de recherche et comme objet, et on a cherché à montrer, dans l’ouvrage du grammairien Apulée, les traces non seulement des pratiques et des contenus étymologiques transmis au Moyen Âge par l’Antiquité latine, mais aussi celles de l’idée d'ethimologia comme expositio alicuius vocabuli per aliud vocabulum selon la définition donnée par Pierre Hélie.
An Edition of the letter “B” of the Medulla Grammatice (Stonyhurst MS.A.1.10)
Authors: McCarren Vincent P.
Published: March 2023

Voici une édition de la lettre B du manuscrit de Stonyhurst de la Medulla Grammatice. Elle prend la suite de l’édition de la lettre A, publiée dans ALMA, 65, 2007, p. 45-116 ; elle comprend le texte, l’apparat critique et les notes, avec une introduction et un index du manuscrit le plus ancien (a. 1425) et le plus complet au sein de la tradition de la Medulla (19 manuscrits). Une attention particulière est portée aux bizarreries linguistiques, aux éléments paléographiques importants, et aux mots et phrases nouveaux (hapax legomena). Ce manuscrit, soigneusement étudié, met en évidence les défis auxquels est confronté l’éditeur de glossaires médiévaux.
Glossen und Scholien zu Sallusts Monographien Catilina und Iugurtha in einer Handschrift des 11. Jahrhunderts aus der Bibliothek des Klosters St. Emmeram in Regensburg (première partie)
Authors: Bohny C. Lukas
Published: March 2023

Les commentaires médiévaux de textes classiques latins sont encore en majorité inaccessibles en éditions critiques. C’est en particulier le cas des commentaires des oeuvres de Salluste, dont le nombre est de plus en plus important à partir du XIe siècle dans les domaines français et allemand. La présente édition s’occupe du manuscrit Clm 14477 de la Bayerische Staatsbibliothek de Munich, provenant de la bibliothèque de l’abbaye de Saint-Emmeram de Ratisbonne. Il transmet dans sa première partie, à côté du Catilina et du Jugurtha de Salluste, pour chacun un accessus, suivi d’un commentaire incomplet, et en outre d’une courte vita. Ces commentaires sont les traces les plus anciennes de l’ «Anonymus Monacensis B » . Une introduction paléographique précède l’édition, qui comprendra non seulement les commentaires mais aussi les gloses et scholies qui les accompagnent.