bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CUTANEOUS METASTASIS OF LUNG CANCER
Authors: Nguyen Manh Hung , Quách Thị Giang , Nguyễn Thị Hà MInh
Published: January 2025

Cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer is rare but should be ruled out in patients with suspicious skin lesions and a history of smoking or lung cancer. All types of lung cancer can metastasize to the skin, with varying clinical manifestations. The incidence of cutaneous metastasis in lung cancer patients ranges from 1-12%. In 20-60% of cases, skin lesions appear before or simultaneously with the diagnosis of the primary tumor. Skin lesions are typically nodular, mobile or fixed, hard or soft, solitary or multiple, and painless. Histologically, cutaneous metastases often show moderate to poor differentiation. Treatment for solitary cutaneous metastasis typically includes surgery alone or combined with chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. If multiple skin lesions or metastases to other organs are present, chemotherapy is the primary treatment option. Cutaneous metastasis from lung cancer is associated with a poor prognosis, with an average survival time of around 5-6 months. In this report, we present a case of a 58-year-old male patient with these manifestations.
ESENSI DAN EKSISTENSI HIDUP SELIBAT DALAM PEMIKIRAN METAFISIKA THOMAS AQUINAS
Authors: Sergius Hendi
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali pandangan Thomas Aquinas mengenai hidup selibat dalam perspektif metafisika dengan fokus pada hubungan antara eksistensi dan esensi dalam hidup selibat. Hidup selibat dalam tradisi Katolik dipandang sebagai panggilan ilahi yang mendalam, namun sering kali dianggap sebagai bentuk pengorbanan atau pengekangan yang tidak realistis. Masyarakat cenderung melihat hidup selibat sebagai pilihan hidup yang bertentangan dengan kodrat manusia, sehingga pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai esensi dan eksistensinya sering terabaikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dan deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari kajian literatur terkait filsafat metafisika Thomas Aquinas dan kajian hidup selibat dengan fokus pada karya-karya Thomas Aquinas yang relevan dengan topik yang dibahas. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa esensi hidup selibat menurut Thomas Aquinas terlihat dari penyerahan dirinya secara total demi Kerajaan Allah sementara eksistensi hidup selibat terlihat dari kehidupan sehari-hari seperti berdoa, pelayanan dan pengudusan dengan tujuan akhir yaitu, bersatu dengan Tuhan. Kajian ini mengungkap bahwa hidup selibat memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dalam mencapai kebahagiaan abadi dibandingkan dengan pernikahan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pemahaman teologi moral Katolik, serta relevansi dan implikasi hidup selibat dalam kehidupan rohani masa kini, dengan menekankan sinergi antara eksistensi dan esensi dalam kehidupan spiritual.
REFLEKSI TEOLOGIS DAN EKSEGESE LUKAS 2, 41-52 TENTANG BUNDA MARIA BERDASARKAN PENGALAMAN GURU KB-TK KATOLIK SANG TIMUR MALANG
Authors: Cosmas Buru  , Gregorius Pasi
Published: January 2025

Fokus studi ini pertama, mendeskripsikan tentang apa maksud menjadi guru KB-TK Katolik. Kedua, apa kekhasan dari guru KB-TK Katolik berdasarkan pengalaman para guru. Ketiga, figur Bunda Maria yang tepat bagi anak-anak KB-TK Katolik dalam pandangan guru KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang. Keempat, perspektif guru KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang mengenai siapa itu Bunda Maria. Kelima, sosok Bunda Maria dalam guru KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang menurut sudut pandang peneliti. Tujuan menggerjakan penelitian ini merupakan suatu ajakan bagi para guru Katolik untuk imitatio spirit pelayanan Bunda Maria sebagai guru dalam dunia pendidikan. Hasil penelitian dikumpulkan langsung dari sekolah KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang Jl. Bandung no. 02 Malang, Jawa Timur. Studi ini berbasis pengalaman umat sebagai guru KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang. Peneliti mengkonfrontasikan riset ini dengan Injil Lukas 2, 41-52 sebagai suatu bentuk kolaborasi dalam memandang Bunda Maria berdasarkan pengalaman empiris para guru KB-TK Katolik Sang Timur Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis melalui wawancara, observasi, pengalaman empirik peneliti sebagai tenaga bina iman, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode Interpretative Phenomenological Analisis atau Analisis Fenomenologi Interpretatif (IPA). Melalui metode IPA penulis menganalisa hasil wawancara dan observasi dengan memberikan komentar eksploratoris, menentukan tema emergen hingga superordinat untuk menemukan hasil yang lebih khusus atau spesifik. Adapun temuan studi ini pertama menjadi guru KB-TK itu seperti orang tua sedang menimang bayinya; kedua telaten dalam melayani anak-anak; ketiga Bunda Maria ibu yang super sibuk; keempat Bunda Maria ibu yang peka; kelima Bunda Maria ibu yang suka kepo.
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF TERHADAP MOTIVASI DAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Falentina Siku Openg  , Alfonsus Mudi Aran  , Krisantus Minggu Kwen
Published: January 2025

Rendahnya motivasi dan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran PAK menjadi masalah utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur serta menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis multimedia terhadap motivasi dan keaktifan belajar siswa kelas XI IPS di SMA PGRI Gelekat Lewo Boru. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis linear sederhana digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yang melibatkan uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis multimedia (X) memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi (Y1) dengan nilai thitung 10,278 yang lebih besar dari ttabel 2,0106. Pada keaktifan belajar (Y2), thitung mencapai 4,6604 yang juga lebih besar dari ttabel. Uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel X berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kedua variabel dependen dengan nilai signifikansi F 0,002<0,05. Nilai R2 untuk pengaruh X terhadap Y1 adalah 68,76%, menunjukkan bahwa X menjelaskan 68,76% variasi Y1. Sedangkan untuk Y2, nilai R2 sebesar 31,15%, yang berarti bahwa X mempengaruhi Y2 sebesar 31,15%. Berdasarkan hasil ini, media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis multimedia terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan motivasi dan keaktifan belajar siswa PAK di kelas XI IPS SMA PGRI Gelekat Lewo Boru. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat berkontribusi dalam pengembangan media pembelajaran yang lebih efektif di masa depan.
DAMPAK PEMBELAJARAN DARI RUMAH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR KATOLIK (SDK) WAIARA
Authors: Maria Fika Ayuningtias Dou  , Alfonsus Mudi Aran  , Skolastika Lelu Beding
Published: January 2025

Wabah Virus Corona-19 berdampak pada seluruh bidang kehidupan, salah satunya dalam bidang pendidikan. Akibat dari wabah virus mematikan ini proses pembelajaran menjadi terhambat. Untuk itu upaya yang dilakukan adalah melalui pembelajaran dari rumah. Namun, berbagai hambatan yang muncul dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran dari rumah seperti keterbatasan media komunikasi, gagap teknologi dan lain sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana dampak Covid-19 terhadap pembelajaran dari rumah di SDK Waiara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskripsi kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan key Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 11 orang terdiri dari  guru PAK,  orangtua peserta didik dan  peserta didik. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui beberapa tahap yaitu: reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dampak pembelajaran dari rumah di Sekolah Dasar Katolik (SDK) Waiara tepatnya pada kelas VI sudah baik yang mana guru PAK, telah memiliki fasilitas-fasilitas dasar yang dibutuhkan, hal itu menggambarkan kesiapan pembelajaran dari rumah. Dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran dari rumah guru PAK sudah melakukan Rancangan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran namun masih ada hambatan. Guru PAK perlunya meninjau secara terus-menerus hambatan-hambatan yang ada dan bekerjasama dengan orang tua agar pembelajaran dari rumah bisa berjalan baik.
LITERASI EDUKASI LAUDATE DEUM: TINJAUAN TERHADAP PRAKTIK KONSERVASI MATA AIR KELEKO
Authors: Gerardis Mayela Barek Bala
Published: January 2025

Masalah keseimbangan lingkungan atau krisis ekologis, baik krisis ekologi global maupun nasional, disebabkan oleh faktor alam, tetapi kebanyakan disebabkan oleh tindakan manusia. Kerusakan lingkungan seperti polusi udara, banjir, pemanasan global, kekeringan lahan, dan banyak kerusakan lainnya akan menyebabkan kerugian alam dan manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik konservasi mata air Keleko di Desa Kolimasang, Kecamatan Adonara dalam tinjauan dokumen Laudate Deum. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik konservasi yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Kolimasang untuk perlindungan mata air keleko selama ini telah menerapkan dokumen Laudate Deum. Dilihat dari praktik konservasi mata air keleko yang merupakan budaya asli suku yang telah dihayati hingga saat ini dan upaya yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Kolimasang yaitu penghijauan, tidak menebang pohon, membersihkan mata air keleko, membangun talud, membangun penampung air yang digunakan untuk mandi, mencuci dan minum serta digunakan oleh petani di perkebunan. Namun, hal itu masih belum dilakukan secara optimal karena pemahaman masyarakat terkait dokumen Laudato Deum yang mengatakan bahwa melestarikan alam sama dengan memuliakan Tuhan belum dipahami secara menyeluruh.
MERAWAT IBU BUMI MELALUI PENDIDIKAN DAN SPIRITUALITAS EKOLOGIS MENURUT ENSIKLIK LAUDATO SI
Authors: Maria Inviolata Deran Ola
Published: January 2025

Bumi kita saat ini mengalami kerusakan akibat tindakan perusakan yang dilakukan manusia, seperti illegal logging, illegal fishing, dan eksploitasi sumber daya alam secara besar-besaran yang menyebabkan peningkatan panas bumi, penurunan kualitas udara, hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati dan juga menimbulkan bencana. Fakta tersebut menjadi kekhawatiran Gereja Katolik sehingga Paus Fransiskus mengeluarkan Ensiklik Laudato Si pada tanggal 24 Mei 2015. Paus Fransiskus mengajak semua orang untuk peduli terhadap bumi. Salah satu upaya untuk melindungi bumi dari kerusakan adalah melalui pendidikan dan spiritualitas ekologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya merawat bumi melalui pendidikan dan spiritualitas ekologis. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah menelaah dokumen Ensiklik Laudato Si, buku-buku, dan jurnal ilmiah terkait topik penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui pendidikan dan spiritualitas ekologis, manusia itu sendiri harus memiliki kesadaran untuk berubah dan menyadari bahwa perbuatan merusak bumi adalah perbuatan yang salah, sehingga manusia dapat kembali merawat bumi dengan baik. Upaya merawat ibu bumi ini harus dilakukan oleh semua pihak. Merawat ibu bumi ini sangat penting karena secara tidak langsung menyelamatkan kelangsungan hidup manusia.
Looking For Happiness In All The Wrong Places: Thomas Aquinas On Man’s Last End And The Ethics Of Economic Enterprises
Authors: Wishloff Jim
Published: January 2025

Thomas Aquinas’ treatise on man’s last end, presented in questions one to five of the prima secunda of his treasured deposit of wisdom, the Summa Theologiae, is mined for its insights into the proper conduct of enterprise. His text discloses that perfect happiness, the complete activation or fulfillment of our being, can consist in nothing else than the vision of the Divine Essence and that it is sheer folly to look for happiness in any external goods (wealth, honor, fame, power), or any goods of the body (health, pleasure), or any goods of the soul. The significant ethical implications that arise for the institution of business from losing sight of the true ultimate end are taken up before laying out what a political economic order formed according to a true conception of happiness would look like.
n Praise Of Botho, Leadership And Kindness At Work
Authors: Ndala Marobela Prof Motsomi
Published: January 2025

This paper examises the concept of Botho-Ubuntu, which loosely means humanness, compassion, or kindness, its applicability in leadership and business management is considered to mitigate the crisis of capitalism and motivation of people at work. This is assessed in the context of the nature of capitalism, how the system uses the management function as an instrument of work organization and mechanism of control over the labour process to secure surplus value___ profitability. Through management capitalism not only exploits and underpays workers. It presides over deplorable working conditions, which alienates and dehumanizes a worker. The resultant effect is poor morale, disengagement and resistance which are expressed and released at the point of interface of customer service and occasionally via strikes.
Safe Haven Assets In Stock Investments On The Indonesian Stock Exchange: An Empirical Study During The Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Micheline Yunus Kezia , Saadah Siti
Published: January 2025

Safe haven assets are secure investment during times of economic downturn. This study aims at analysing the roles of three safe haven assets, Bitcoin, gold, and US dollars, during the COVID-19 pandemic. By conducting a time series analysis of returns on stocks, gold, Bitcoin, and US dollars between 2020 and 2022 using Vector Auto Regression (VAR) method, this study found the empirical evidence that suggests a negative correlation between gold and IDX, and between US dollars and IDX. Therefore, it can be conluded that gold and US dollars are safe haven assets in the IDX market. Meanwhile, despite being less resilient than gold and US dollars, Bitcoin’s indepence from stocks during bearish markets makes it a safe haven asset.
Assessing The Link Between Social Responsibility And Financial Performance: A Study Of Saudi Banks’ Return On Equity
Authors: S. Alshowaiman Nizar
Published: January 2025

This research aims to assess the impact of social responsibility disclosure on the financial performance of banks, specifically measured by return on equity (ROE). To achieve this objective, the study analyzed data from all eight banks listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange during the period 2014–2016. The findings reveal statistically significant differences in the levels of social responsibility disclosure across various dimensions among the selected banks. Additionally, the disclosure of publicly available information on social responsibility positively influenced the financial performance of banks in terms of ROE. The study also identified a positive ethical impact of such disclosures across the selected banks. However, the research found no significant effect of environmental and energy protection declarations on the financial performance of banks as measured by ROE.
The role of emotional intelligence in leadership effectiveness and employee satisfaction
Authors: Jinyoung Hwang
Published: January 2025

This study explores the significant role of Emotional Intelligence (EI) in leadership effectiveness and employee satisfaction. As modern workplaces increasingly emphasize interpersonal dynamics and human connections, EI has become a key factor in enhancing leadership performance and fostering a positive organizational environment. By investigating the intricate relationship between EI, leadership, and employee well-being, this study aims to provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to improve leadership development programs, human resource practices, and overall workplace satisfaction. The research examines the impact of emotionally intelligent leadership on employee engagement, trust, and productivity, while also identifying potential mediating and moderating factors such as gender and organizational culture. Through a comprehensive literature review and empirical study, this dissertation fills gaps in existing research, offering both theoretical perspectives and practical applications for developing emotionally intelligent leaders who can drive organizational success and employee satisfaction. Furthermore, the findings contribute to the evolving leadership paradigm, where emotional intelligence is increasingly prioritized. This study also suggests actionable recommendations for organizations looking to cultivate emotionally intelligent leaders to foster more resilient and motivated teams. Ultimately, the research provides a foundation for future studies on the intersection of EI, leadership, and employee outcomes in diverse organizational settings.
Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Pengembangan SDM Terhadap Kinerja Pembuat Jamu pada Industri Jamu Tradisional di Pamekasan
Authors: Anjarwati Dwi , Kuswinarno Mudji , Listiana Yufita , Afifah Zainiyatul
Published: January 2025

Industri pengolahan jamu tradisional telah lama berdiri di Indonesia, dan UNESCO telah menetapkan jamu sebagai Warisan Budaya Tak Benda, mengakui pentingnya jamu dalam budaya Indonesia. Meski demikian, industri ini menghadapi tantangan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas karyawan di tengah persaingan yang meningkat. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh Pengembangan dan Pelatihan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) terhadap kinerja pengrajin jamu di Pamekasan. Metode penelitian menggunakan survei kuantitatif dengan kuesioner yang diisi oleh karyawan industri jamu di Pamekasan. Analisis data meliputi uji validitas, reliabilitas, normalitas, serta regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pelatihan SDM berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pengrajin jamu dengan koefisien 0,410 dan signifikansi 0,002 < 0,05. (2) Pengembangan SDM juga berpengaruh signifikan dengan koefisien 0,649 dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. (3) Secara simultan, pengembangan dan pelatihan SDM mempengaruhi kinerja dengan nilai F hitung 154,924 > F tabel 3,16 dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
Pengaruh Korupsi, Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Dan Bonus Demografi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Indonesia Tahun 2004-2023
Authors: Ananda Gea Anisa Kusuma , Pratomo Dimas , Selvina Mia
Published: January 2025

Economic growth is the process of increasing the economic welfare of a country within a certain period of time. Therefore, economic growth is important in assessing the success of a country in achieving its economic development. This study aims to analyze the effect of corruption, open unemployment rate and demographic bonus on economic growth in Indonesia in the short and long term. This research uses a quantitative type with a Vector Error Correction Model model. The type of data collected is secondary data sourced from the Transparency International website and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results of the discussion of this study indicate that in the short term corruption and demographic bonus affect economic growth while the open unemployment rate has no effect on economic growth. In the long run corruption, open unemployment rate and demographic bonus affect economic growth
Implementasi Peraturan Kemendikbud Nomor 63 Tahun 2022 Terhadap Pengelolaan Dana BOS di SMK Negeri 1 Kasihan
Authors: Palangan Verawaty
Published: January 2025

ABSTRAK
Dalam dunia pendidikan dana BOS sangat mendukung sekali untuk tercapainya pelaksanan operasional sekolah supaya lebih maksimal dan terarah. Penelitian dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi Peraturan Kemendikbud Nomor 63 Tahun 2022 yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan Dana BOS di SMK Negeri 1 Kasihan. Metode deskriptif kualitatif digunakan untuk mengkaji penerapan regulasi melalui analisis dokumen resmi seperti RKAS, laporan keuangan sekolah, dan kebijakan terkait. Setelah dilaksanakan penelitian,  data menunjukkan bahwa penerapan peraturan ini di SMK Negeri 1 Kasihan telah meningkatkan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan partisipasi dalam pengelolaan Dana BOS. Penyusunan RKAS secara partisipatif dan penggunaan teknologi informasi untuk pelaporan keuangan terbukti efektif dalam mendukung efisiensi penggunaan dana. Namun, tantangan seperti kurangnya kapasitas teknis staf dan minimnya partisipasi masyarakat masih memengaruhi efektivitas pelaksanaan kebijakan. Untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, pelatihan sumber daya manusia, penguatan pengawasan, serta peningkatan kolaborasi dengan pemangku kepentingan menjadi solusi yang direkomendasikan. Kesimpulannya, implementasi kebijakan ini memberikan arah yang lebih terstruktur dalam pengelolaan dana pendidikan dan meningkatkan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap sekolah, meskipun masih memerlukan perbaikan dalam aspek teknis dan manajerial.  
 
Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan Dana BOS, Transparansi, Akuntabilitas
Analisis Faktor Fundamental Terhadap Return Saham Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Fausiah Ika
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor fundamental terhadap return saham pada perusahaan manufaktur sektor makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda,. Uji t parsial digunakan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel terhadap variable independent. (R²) digunakan untuk melihat sejauh mana variabel independen dapat menjelaskan variabel dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham , sedangkan Earning Per Share (EPS) memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap return saham . Sementara itu, Return On Asset (ROA) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham . Nilai koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 77,9% , yang berarti bahwa variabel DER, EPS, dan ROA mampu menjelaskan return saham sebesar 77,9% , sedangkan sisanya 22,1% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.
Entre descriptions (pré)coloniales et descriptions de soi
Authors: Cissé Chikouna
Published: January 2025

Cet article s’intéresse à une diaspora commerçante érigée au rang de catégorie analytique par l’anthropologue Abner Cohen à la fin des années 1960. On doit cependant à l’historien Philip D. Curtin, par le biais de son désormais classique Cross-Cultural Trade in The World History publié en 1984, la bonne fortune que connaît l’étude des diasporas commerciales à l’ère moderne. Ici, le cas de la diaspora marchande des Jula s’inscrit néanmoins dans une perspective différente. Il s’agit moins en effet d’une histoire économique que d’une enquête sur la production des savoirs et de la connaissance relatifs à l’identité jula, en considérant le temps comme un principe de construction et de déploiement de cette identité. Comment se sédimente-t-elle à travers les âges et quelles sont les interactions qui la façonnent ? Pour rendre compte de cette histoire de production des savoirs, j’ai choisi comme horizon théorique la perspective interactionniste de Fredrik Barth qui permet de mieux penser l’enchevêtrement et l’interdépendance des identités dans les espaces et le temps des contextes migratoires. Les processus sociaux de la « fabrique des identités » s’en éclaircissent d’autant mieux que Barth privilégie le caractère éminemment relationnel des réalités sociales et que, dans cette optique, les notions de culture et d’identité perdent toute connotation essentialiste pour designer principalement des pratiques contingentes au sein et entre des groupements humains culturellement différents même si devenus, par la migration, coprésents sur un territoire. Cet angle de vue met en lumière les interactions qui se déroulent à la frontière symbolique de l’ethnicité et m’écarte de ce que le sociologue Rogers Brubaker appelle le « groupisme ». M’appuyant sur des sources narratives européennes, arabes et africaines et la littérature savante existante, je me propose de pister au cours de la période étudiée (1500-1900) les lignes de force de la fabrication de l’identité jula en Afrique de l’Ouest.
Coleta de Dados Turísticos com Web Scraping: Problemas, Soluções e Otimizações
Authors: De Paula João Pedro Martins , Marynowski João Eugenio , Feger José Elmar
Published: January 2025

A Internet pode ser considerada uma das maiores fontes de dados que a humanidade possui acesso, mas esse acesso está otimizado para a leitura humana e não para a leitura automatizada. A extração de dados da Internet de forma automatizada enfrenta diversos obstáculos envolvendo a disposição do conteúdo e a atualização frequente da estrutura onde os dados estão dispostos. Este estudo analisa a extração de dados turísticos para posterior categorização, listando os problemas enfrentados, como o avanço de páginas e a eficiência do programa, e as soluções consideradas para resolvê-los. São apresentados algoritmos baseados no processo geral de extração e nos diferentes métodos de carregamento de páginas, explorando-os no estudo de caso. São avaliados o uso de recursos computacionais, a taxa de extração e impactos na segurança, modificando a implementação de acordo com os problemas ocorridos no processamento e documentando as soluções e otimizações aplicadas, como evitar a negação de serviço (Denial of Service - DoS) e o emprego de programação concorrente (multithreading). Os dados e scripts gerados estão disponíveis em repositório público para reprodução e inspiração.
The First Sertoli Cell Tumor of the Adrenal Gland is Potentially Associated with Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ivanis Sara , Marinkovic Milan , Jovanovic Milan , Buzejic Matija , Milinkovic Marija , Loncar Zlatibor , Zivaljevic Vladan , Rovcanin Branislav
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Sertoli cell tumors are rare sex cord-stromal tumors, accounting for less than 1% of primary testicular tumors. They typically arise in the testes and ovaries, with other localizations being uncommon. We present the case of a Sertoli cell tumor in the adrenal gland, which, to our knowledge, is the first reported in the literature. Case Presentation: A 44-year-old male patient was admitted to the clinic for endocrine surgery for laparoscopic surgery of a right adrenal gland incidentaloma measuring 57 × 47 × 59 mm, discovered during a routine abdominal ultrasonography. The patient had a history of hypertension but no other comorbidities. Biochemical and physical examinations revealed no signs of hypercortisolism. Urinary metanephrine and normetanephrine levels were within normal limits. A right laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed, and a 5 cm tumor was identified without evidence of locoregional invasion. Pathological examination confirmed a Sertoli cell tumor of the adrenal gland. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positive staining for vimentin, steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1), and beta-catenin, while chromogranin A, hCG, PSA, and TTF1 were negative. The Ki-67 index was 3%. The patient was subsequently referred to a urologist, where testicular ultrasonography showed no abnormalities. There were no signs of recurrence during a 15-month follow-up period. Additionally, the patient’s biannual antihypertensive treatment was discontinued by a cardiologist 1.5 months post-surgery. Conclusions: Sertoli cell tumors are an exceptionally rare entity. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary Sertoli cell tumor originating in the adrenal gland. Given their potential for malignancy, regular follow-up and additional diagnostic evaluations may be necessary. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy appears to be a suitable definitive treatment for this condition.
HL-10 Peptide as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Cervical SiHa Cancer Cells
Authors: Setayesh-Mehr Zahra , Vafadar Ghasemi Leila
Published: January 2025

Background: The peptide HL-10, derived from the venom of Hemiscorpius lepturus, has several biological functions, notably its ability to inhibit cancer growth. Objectives: This research aimed to evaluate the tumor-suppressing properties of the HL-10 peptide in SiHa cancer cells, investigating its effects in both in vitro and in vivo models. Methods: The study assessed cytotoxicity using the (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, analyzed gene expression through real-time PCR, and measured caspase activity via ELISA to gain insights into the peptide's mechanisms of action. For in vivo experiments, BALB/c mice bearing SiHa cervical cancer were used. The ELISA technique was employed to evaluate the activity levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes in serum, as well as the concentrations of intra-tumoral cytokines, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10. Results: Our results demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) dose- and time-dependent decrease in the viability percentage of SiHa cancer cells. The analysis revealed a marked upregulation in the expression of p53, cyt c, bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9 genes as the peptide concentration was elevated from 5 to 10 μM. In contrast, there was a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in bcl-2 gene expression, while caspase-8 gene expression showed no significant change (P > 0.05). The analysis of caspase activity indicated a significant rise (P < 0.05) in the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in cancer cells exposed to the HL-10 peptide, while the activity of caspase-8 remained unchanged. The findings from in vivo experiments conducted on cancer mice demonstrated a substantial reduction in tumor volume over time in cancer mice treated with HL-10 peptide plus carboplatin (5 mg/kg) compared to cancer mice that were not treated (P < 0.05). In comparison to untreated cancer mice, the tumor microenvironment of cancer mice treated with HL-10 peptide and carboplatin exhibited a substantial increase in IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α levels. The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the tumor were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), indicating a substantial decrease in these cytokines. This reduction suggests potential modulation of the tumor microenvironment in response to the treatment. Conclusions: In conclusion, this research showed that the HL-10 peptide effectively initiates apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of SiHa cervical cancer cells through the activation of the mitochondrial signaling cascade. Additionally, the HL-10 peptide is believed to contribute to cancer immunotherapy by modulating the immune system.
Botulinum Toxin Injection for Treating Spasticity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Emami Razavi Seyede Zahra , Azadvari Mohaddeseh , Mirmosayyeb Omid , Vaheb Saeed , Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Teymouri Alireza , Hosseini Maryam
Published: January 2025

Background: Spasticity is a disabling condition commonly experienced by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly impacting their quality of life. Botulinum toxin (BT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent due to its ability to inhibit presynaptic acetylcholine release; however, its efficacy in MS patients remains inconsistent across the literature. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the overall efficacy of BT in reducing spasticity in MS patients, focusing on outcomes such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The goal was to consolidate the available evidence to provide clearer clinical guidance. Methods: A systematic search of databases including Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted from January 2000 to April 2023. Additionally, references to the included studies were examined to ensure a comprehensive capture of relevant research. Data were extracted on total participants, publication date, country of origin, mean age, disease duration, EDSS scores, and key findings. Results: The initial search yielded 1,618 articles, of which 684 were duplicates. After applying exclusion criteria, 17 articles were selected for the systematic review, with 4 deemed suitable for meta-analysis. Participants' ages ranged from 38 to 53 years, with follow-up durations spanning 1 to 36 months. The most frequently reported complication following BT injection was muscle weakness. The standardized mean difference (SMD) for the MAS demonstrated significant effectiveness of BT at week 4 (SMD: -0.42; 95% CI: -0.77 to -0.6) and week 12 (SMD: -1.16; 95% CI: -1.77 to -0.54). Conclusions: Intramuscular injection of BT appears to be an effective treatment option for reducing spasticity in MS patients. However, further well-designed studies are needed to validate these findings and optimize treatment protocols.
Association of ABO Blood Groups and Rh Factor with Periodontal Disease Prevalence in a Population from Saravan, Iran
Authors: Ansari Moghadam Somaye , Hoseinbor Saeid , Bamedi Masoud , Ranjbaran Alireza
Published: January 2025

Background: Periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis, are prevalent inflammatory conditions that can result in tooth loss and systemic health complications. Genetic factors, such as blood group antigens and Rh factor, may influence susceptibility to these conditions. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between ABO blood groups, Rh factor, and the prevalence of periodontal diseases in individuals visiting the Blood Transfusion Organization in Saravan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 368 participants (200 men and 168 women), aged 19 - 57 years, with equal representation across the ABO blood groups (A, B, AB, and O). Clinical assessments were performed to evaluate periodontal status, and blood samples were collected for ABO and Rh factor typing. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-squared tests and logistic regression to assess the relationship between blood group, Rh status, and periodontal disease prevalence. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among the participants, 54.3% (n = 200) had periodontal diseases. Individuals with blood group B showed the highest prevalence of periodontal diseases (18.75%), followed by group O (14.68%), group A (12.5%), and group AB (8.43%). Rh-positive individuals had a significantly higher prevalence (51.1%) compared to Rh-negative individuals (3.26%). Logistic regression analysis indicated significantly increased odds of periodontal diseases in individuals with blood group B (OR = 2.111, 95% CI: 1.126–3.958, P = 0.020) and Rh-positive status (OR = 5.559, 95% CI: 2.824 - 10.944, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Blood group B and Rh-positive status are significantly associated with a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases, highlighting the role of genetic factors in disease susceptibility. These findings underscore the importance of personalized preventive and therapeutic approaches in dental care, particularly for individuals at greater genetic risk. Further research is necessary to confirm these associations and explore the underlying mechanisms.
Neal Stephenson's Cryptonomicon : ethics, individual and state secrecy
Authors: Pérez-de-Luque Juan L.
Published: January 2025

This article aims to explore the importance of secrecy, both state and individual, in Neal Stephenson's Cryptonomicon, a science fiction novel that narrates its events in two different timelines, one during World War II, the other presumably at the end of the 20th century. The two timelines in which the novel takes place present numerous state and individual secrets that give rise to readings about the need (or not) for a society of total transparency, as well as various ethical conflicts that may arise in the reader. These conflicts may arise from the audience's empathy towards certain characters and the unfolding of various secrets and plots involving these characters throughout the novel.
Metaphorical depictions of women : exploring animal metaphors in Victorian prose fiction
Authors: Hryzhak Liudmyla
Published: January 2025

This study explores the metaphorical portrayal of women as animals in Victorian prose fiction, focusing on four mid-19th-century novels. Its objectives are to unveil the nuances of women's conceptualisation as animals and to investigate gender disparities in the use of animal metaphors among novelists. Employing the Conceptual Metaphor Theory as the theoretical basis, this research examines metaphorical mappings and ontological correspondences between the source domain (ANIMAL) and the target domain (HUMAN BEING), identifying the general conceptual metaphor WOMAN IS AN ANIMAL, along with the constituent submetaphors WOMAN IS A WILD ANIMAL and WOMAN IS A DOMESTIC ANIMAL. The findings highlight a prevalent negative portrayal of females as animals and mirror the societal attitudes towards women during the Victorian era. The frequency counts reveal no significant gender disparities among the authors in their use of animal metaphors or in the derogatory depiction of women.
A layered taxonomy of lexical anglicisms
Authors: Klégr Aleš
Published: January 2025

The article presents two ways in which the classification accuracy of describing Anglicisms could be improved. Firstly, by distinguishing two layers of Anglicisms, based on how they came into existence. Secondly, by revising the simplifying dichotomous division into discrete direct and indirect Anglicisms in view of their hybrid variants (found in both layers) which disrupt the dichotomy and allow Anglicisms to be seen as a continuum. Inasmuch as directness and indirectness of Anglicisms (i.e. their being either transferred or translated from English) correspond to their 'visibility', their being clearly of English origin or not, Anglicisms can be also arranged on a scale of 'in/visibility'. The article concludes with the proposal of an alternative taxonomy of Anglicisms.
When everything is about 9/11 : on reading contemporary fiction through 9/11 and the boundaries of the 9/11 novel
Authors: Eikonsalo Sini
Published: January 2025

This article examines the boundaries of the term 9/11 novel by exploring what we truly mean when we say a novel is about 9/11 and what are the issues in reading general twenty-first-century literature through 9/11. By taking a thorough look at 9/11 literary scholarship, I argue that the issue of defining the 9/11 novel has been largely overlooked; consequently, the label 9/11 has often been stamped too easily on twenty-first-century fiction. In the aim to establish the boundaries of 9/11 fiction, I compare the thematic, temporal, and spatial features of some of the most iconic 9/11 novels to two works which have been commonly read as 9/11 novels even though they do not explicitly discuss the attacks, Cormac McCarthy's The Road and Philip Roth's The Plot Against America. By building on this discussion, I offer a concise definition of what a 9/11 novel is and where 9/11 ends.
Roman Jakobson's view of realism in the light of early discussions of realist literature
Authors: Fořt Bohumil
Published: January 2025

The phenomenon of realist literary fiction has been in the centre of attention of theoreticians and thinkers since onset. The study focuses on a critical comparison of various aspects of the realist novel in selected early discussions of realist literature, as delivered namely by Émile Zola, Hippolyte Taine, Gustav Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant, Henry James, and others, and of those delivered by Roman Jakobson in his influential study On realism in Arts (1921). This comparison is also enriched by the context of modern theoretical investigation in the field and shows the major similarities and dissimilarities between the early views of realism and its modern theoretical depiction.
Ideas, indexicals, and the private language in Frege's philosophy
Authors: Matail Pavel
Published: January 2025

The study concerns a possible private language in the philosophy of Gottlob Frege, particularly in his scarce investigation of indexicals such as 'I' and 'now'. The indexicals may be seen as private from the late-Wittgensteinian perspective because their sense (Sinn) cannot be repeated outside of a specific linguistic context of the expression. The study examines whether these indexicals presuppose a private language. If Frege's philosophy contains such privateness (for which only insufficient evidence can be found), it would be peculiar since a major part of his work implies that all thoughts are objective and publicly communicable. However, the privateness in Frege's remarks rather differs from Wittgenstein's, for the indexical's sense should be principally expressible at any time.
Impact of High Temperature Stress on Morpho-Physiological Components and Yield Traits in Rice
Authors:   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, ANGRAU – 534 122, India, N Veronica , Rao P Venkata Ramana ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, ANGRAU – 534 122, India, Y Suneetha ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, ANGRAU – 534 122, India, Ch Vasantha ,   Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, ANGRAU – 534 122, India
Published: January 2025

Rice production is being threatened by increase in temperature around the globe. This is affecting the production and productivity of the crop. Changing climate scenario demands the need to identify thermotolerant genotypes to be used as donor in future breeding programmes. The effect of high temperature from panicle initiation to maturity was imposed in twenty-six rice genotypes. The difference in mean monthly maximum and minimum temperature was 3.5 oC and 1.4 oC, respectively between the polyhouse and ambient control. Results revealed a reduction in important physiological traits viz., membrane thermostability as well as chlorophyll content. Of the genotypes tested, MTU 1290, MTU 1153, MTU 1156, JB 683-1, N22 and IL 19211 maintained a higher stability of membranes and lesser reduction in chlorophyll content when exposed to high temperature stress. High temperature resulted in reduction of grain yield as well as yield attributes in rice genotypes. The above genotypes also had a higher spikelet fertility and lesser yield penalty when exposed to high temperature. The results indicated that these genotypes could be selected as thermotolerant and could serve as potential donors for future breeding programmes.
OUTLINES OF IRAQ MINERAL AND MINING STRATEGY: A PROPOSAL FOR DISCUSSION
Authors: Khaldoun S. Al-Bassam
Published: January 2025

Iraq is rich in mineral resources and industrial rocks, discovered and assessed over half a century of geological exploration works.
Iraqi native sulfur deposits are the largest in the world and the Iraqi phosphorite deposits come second after Morocco.
Large deposits of silica sand, kaolin, limestone, bentonite and construction raw materials have been discovered and partly exploited.
Metallic mineral deposits and occurrences are restricted to the Kurdistan Region including Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr – Ni and Fe. None of which have been exploited.
Implementation of Good Corporate Governance in the Placement of Indonesian Army Members in State Civil Apparatus Positions in Ministries/Institutions Case Study of the Ministry of State Secretariat
Authors: Dongoran Sherlyta Devia , Saputra Bobby W.
Published: January 2025

This study examines the implementation of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles in placing Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) members into civil servant positions in Ministries/Agencies, specifically at the State Secretariat Ministry. The research focuses on assessing the impact of this placement on employee performance, with GCG aiming to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability in the process. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, the study involves in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders and analysis of internal documents. The findings suggest that placing TNI members in civil servant roles can enhance discipline, efficiency, and effectiveness, bringing in specialized expertise. However, challenges such as cultural differences, lack of bureaucratic experience, and potential conflicts of interest also emerge. The study emphasizes the importance of consistent GCG implementation, including transparent selection processes, accountability in performance evaluations, and robust training programs. It also suggests mitigation strategies to address integration challenges, such as orientation programs, forming integration teams, and fostering greater awareness. The research concludes that while the policy has positive and negative aspects, practical GCG application and proper mitigation are key to maximizing benefits and minimizing risks
Analysis of the Effect of Brick Waste on Concrete Compressive Strength
Authors: Pramujya S Bayu , Mirdiana Fajar , Muhammad I Regan , Roesdiana Tira
Published: January 2025

The construction industry generates significant red brick waste, often left unused and posing environmental challenges. Utilizing this waste as a substitute for fine aggregate in concrete can reduce reliance on natural materials and enhance concrete performance. Both red bricks and sand share a common silica (SiO?) content, making bricks a viable alternative material. This study evaluates the compressive strength of concrete incorporating red brick waste and identifies the optimal substitution percentage for maximum strength. Concrete samples (15x15x15 cm³) of K250 quality were tested with red brick waste replacing 0%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, and 14% fine aggregate by weight. Compressive strength tests were conducted after curing periods of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Results indicate that adding brick waste significantly influences concrete strength. Concrete with 12% brick waste substitution achieved the highest compressive strength of 274.09 kg/cm², surpassing the strength of 6% substitution at 260.61 kg/cm². The findings demonstrate that red brick waste is a sustainable and effective alternative aggregate, contributing to environmental conservation and improved concrete performance. However, substitution proportions must be optimized to maintain desired structural properties.
Tiny Steps, Giant Leaps: The Place of Micro-Learning in Language and Literature
Authors: Ojochegbe Ameh Timothy
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the impact of microlearning on language and literature education at the university level, addressing a significant gap in existing research. The traditional approaches to teaching these subjects often lead to overwhelming experiences for students, hindering retention and engagement. This research explores how microlearning, defined as small, easily digestible learning units, can enhance student retention, creativity, and engagement in real classroom settings. Conducted over six weeks, the study involved 100 undergraduate students and 10 instructors across two English and literature courses. Participants engaged in daily microlearning tasks, such as analyzing poetry, practicing grammar, and experimenting with sentence structures, each designed to be completed within 10–15 minutes. Data collection included focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and classroom observations. The findings reveal that microlearning significantly enhances student retention and engagement while fostering creativity in linguistic tasks. However, challenges related to task coherence and content development were identified. This study underscores the transformative potential of microlearning in language and literature curricula, highlighting the need for careful implementation that is aligned with educational objectives. The results provide valuable insights for educators aiming to integrate microlearning effectively into their teaching practices.
Evaluating an ontology-based e-Learning data model using the TAM model
Authors: KADIVAR Mohammad Hossei , LEE Chien-Sing
Published: January 2025

E-Learning is more flexible than traditional learning in course development and delivery. It offers more interactions between learners and contents that correspond to learners’ knowledge level and learning objectives in a self-paced, self-directed mode. Bloom’s cognitive taxonomy has often been used to determine the knowledge level. However, there is little said about incorporating Gardner’s theory on Multiple Intelligence and ontology with Bloom’s taxonomy. In this model, OWL and LOM are used to build an ontological network of contents with several relations between contents. To test the usefulness and ease of use of our prototype, we used the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to evaluate the system. Results are promising.