bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kinesiología en las unidades de hospitalización domiciliaria en Chile
Authors: Marin Navarro Viviana Esther , Freire Figueroa Francisco , Poblete Figueroa Christian , Montt Garrido Roberto
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La hospitalización domiciliaria nace con el objetivo de ser una alternativa a la hospitalización tradicional, similar en recursos y complejidad. Dentro de las prestaciones que se puede entregar, se encuentra la kinesiología. Sin embargo, no existen información específica sobre el perfil ni el quehacer de estos profesionales en dichas unidades. Por lo que se busca con este trabajo, describir y caracterizar el trabajo de los kinesiólogos/as que se desempeñan en unidades de hospitalización domiciliaria en hospitales públicos de Chile.Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado mediante una encuesta a kinesiólogos/as que trabajan en unidades de hospitalización a domicilio en hospitales públicos de Chile. Realizada entre marzo y agosto de 2019. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el software Rstudio.Resultados: De 82 hospitales encuestados, 59 cuentan con hospitalización domiciliaria, de estos, 45 cuentan con kinesiología. Dentro de las áreas más desarrolladas en adultos, son la kinesiología respiratoria (95,3%), la kinesiología motora (93,4%), y la neurorrehabilitación (90,1%). En pediatría es la kinesiología respiratoria (28,1%). El 32% de las unidades cuenta con un coordinador/a de profesión kinesiólogo/a.Conclusiones: La kinesiología permite entregar diferentes prestaciones en domicilio tanto a adultos como niños. Sin embargo, esto surge según la necesidad de cada hospital y no está definido a nivel nacional, por lo que se propone avanzar hacia lineamientos que permitan la estandarizar la incorporación de esta profesión a todas las unidades de hospitalización domiciliaria.
Intervención psicológica en los cuidadores de los pacientes oncológicos menores de edad: revisión sistemática
Authors: Guardiola Wanden-Berghe Rocio , Sanz-Valero Javier
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Revisar y analizar la evidencia científica con respecto a las posibles intervenciones psicológicas realizadas en los cuidadores de los pacientes oncológicos menores de edad.Métodos: Revisión sistemática de los artículos recuperados de las bases de datos bibliográficas MEDLINE (vía PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PSICODOC, Scopus, Web of Science y MEDES. hasta julio de 2020. La ecuación de búsqueda se formuló́ mediante los descriptores «Psychotherapy» y «Caregivers» y «Neoplasms», utilizando también los Entry Terms relacionados y los filtros: «Humans» y «Child: birth-18 years». La calidad de los artículos se evaluó́ mediante el cuestionario CONSORT y el nivel de evidencia y grado de recomendación mediante los criterios GRADE.Resultados: De las 255 referencias recuperadas, tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 11 artículos. Al evaluar la calidad de los artículos mediante CONSORT, las puntuaciones oscilaron entre mínimo de 14,5 y máximo de 20,8 con mediana de 18,5 (puntuación máxima de 21). Según criterios GRADE se obtuvo un grado de recomendación fuerte (evidencia de moderada a alta calidad) clasificada entre los rangos de 1B a 1A. La intervención más frecuente fue la terapia cognitivo-conductual, en 7 de 11 ensayos, estando dirigidas por un psicólogo, siendo las sesiones presenciales la forma de intervención más utilizada.Conclusiones: La mayoría de los ensayos midieron sintomatología depresiva, ansiosa y postraumática. La intervención que más se realizó fue la terapia cognitivo-conductual, constatándose una disminución del estrés postraumático. También se observó, que disminuía la depresión y la ansiedad en el grupo de la intervención y sensación de una menor carga emocional. Ahora bien, en algunos ensayos no se encontró diferencias significativas en cuanto a sintomatología en esas áreas. Pero, aun así, las madres cuidadoras calificaron la intervención como favorable.
On the Development of Neuro-Fuzzy Expert System for Detection of Leghemoglobin (NFESDL) in Legumes
Authors: Yerokun O.M. , Onyesolu M.O.
Published: January 2021

The regular supply of affordable complete meals most especially protein from animals has been threatened. Protein sourced from animals carry too many health risks. Obesity, cancer, diabetes, etc., have been traced to the consumption of meats, most especially beef. Medical experts claim that some ailments are as a result of the chemically processed feeds given to raise animals. Therefore, an alternative to meat from plants is imperative. This led to the development of a neuro-fuzzy expert system for detection of leghemoglobin in legumes. This work utilized production rule-base technique and forward-chaining mechanisms with linguistic antecedent conditions to detect the presence of leghemoglobin in plants. To further remove clumsiness and ambiguity in the identification process, metrics/weights were obtained and attached to each morphological feature. MATLAB platform was employed for the development of the system. Class and objects were used to model the information elicited. The result is a system that detects the presence of leghemoglobin in plants. Keywords: Expert system, inference system, neuro-fuzzy, dataset, leghemoglobin
Histopathology of Colletotrichum sp. in infected mango (Magnifera indica L.) fruits
Authors: Oladele Oluwole
Published: January 2021

Postharvest losses as a result of anthracnose infection remain a serious
threat to mango producers. Hence, histopathology of mango fruits after being
artificially infected with spores of Colletotrichum sp. was investigated.
Fruits at the physiologically mature stage were wounded (cut) in the peels
and inoculated with a spore suspension of Colletotrichum sp. (8.04 ? 103
conidia m1-1) and incubated at 28?2?C for five days to allow pathogen
establishment. The infected peel was then carefully cut with a razor blade
and dehydrated in series in different grades (50, 70, 80, 90 and 100%) of
ethyl alcohol for 1? hours each. Histopathological studies were carried out
on the infected peel tissue excised from inoculated fruits using standard
procedures while unwounded peels of fruits that were not artificially
inoculated served as control. Sections were examined by light microscopy to
observe histopathological differences between the infected and non-infected
fruits. Results from this study revealed that only the wounded peel showed
symptoms of anthracnose infection as a result of the artificial inoculation,
but the unwounded peel showed no disease symptoms. This showed that the
fungus infected the mango fruits through the peel wounds. Besides, the
disorganization of the cells and the rupture of the cell walls were observed
microscopically, thus indicating disease establishment in the infected
fruits. Therefore, mango producers should avoid mechanical damage to fruits
during harvesting since this work confirms that the fungus infects mango
fruits through wounds.
Evaluation of erodibility indices and soil properties affected by land-use types in Mbano, south-east Nigeria
Authors: Osujieke Donald , Aririguzo Bernardine , Ahukaemere Chioma
Published: January 2021

Soil erosion has been at the forefront of the degradation of soils under
different land-use types in southeast Nigeria. Hence, this research aimed to
determine the erodibility of the soils under different land-use types in
Mbano. The four land-use types selected were oil palm plantation (OP),
cassava farm (CF), pineapple orchard (PO) and plantain plantation (PP).
However, clay dispersion ratio (CDR), clay dispersion index (CDI) and clay
flocculation index (CFI) were the erodibility indices used. A total of 5
composite samples were collected randomly from each type of the land-uses at
a depth of 0-20 cm using the free survey. The samples were subjected to
laboratory analysis. Data generated were analyzed statistically using a
completely randomized design of analyses of variance (ANOVA) and
correlation. CDR had an increasing order of 47.9% <48.16% <51.49% <56.24%
for soils under CF, PP, PO and OP, while CDI had 36.44%, 29.06%, 40.96% and
49.04% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP land uses. CFI had 63.62%, 71.24%,
59.14% and 50.96% for soils under OP, CF, PO and PP, respectively. The ANOVA
indicated that studied erodibility indices had no significant difference
(p=0.05) among the soils under the different land-uses. The research will
unite farmers and other land-users in adopting only good conservation
practices that will aid the sustainability of the area.
Genetic characterization of farmed and wild populations of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) using the random amplified polymorphic marker
Authors: Suleiman Sa`adu , Diyaware Mohammed , Aliyu Mohammed , Mohammed Zanna
Published: January 2021

The genetic characterization of Clarias gariepinus was conducted in this
study. Thirty (30) C. gariepinus specimens were collected, fifteen (15) each
from the wild and farms in northeastern Nigeria for their genetic
relatedness and diversity using the RAPD markers. DNA extraction from the
blood sample was performed using the Gene Jet Genomic DNA Purification Kit.
Five primers were used in employing PCR and amplified 402 RAPD bands from
the four strains of Clarias gariepinus. Three hundred and six (76.12%) bands
were polymorphic while 86 (21.39%) were monomorphic. The percentage of
polymorphism obtained from farmed and wild populations ranged from 58
(47.3%) to 69 (75.9%), respectively. The polymorphic bands per loci within
the populations ranged from 67.9% to 82.0%. The mean numbers of inbreeding
coefficient (FIS) were 0.083 and 0.053 in the farmed and wild populations.
Gene diversity values within farmed and wild populations (Ht) were 0.4522
and 0.4018. The mean genetic differentiation (FST) ranged between (0.203) in
the farmed and 0.129 in the wild populations. The analysis of molecular
variance revealed that there was 96% of genetic variance within the
population and 4% among the population. The genetic identity and distance of
four populations were 0.9490 and 0.1038, respectively. The phylogenetic
measure has shown that the four strains were divided into two clusters at
approximately 0.089 similarity levels. The result indicated a significant
level of genetic variation and minimal dendrogram separation in Clarias
gariepinus in northeastern Nigeria. Conclusively, this information will be a
useful tool for the genetic and breeding program of Clarias gariepinus.
Periradicular tissue necrosis caused by accidentally injected sodium hypochlorite through fausse route in upper maxillary canine
Authors: Pejanovic Djordje , Cabrilo Milana , Djuric Dusan , Biocanin Vladimir
Published: January 2021

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a strong antiseptic agent that is usually used
as endodontic irrigant for dissolving organic parts of pulp and dentin and
neutralizing toxic products. However, the use of sodium hypochlorite may
cause destruction of blood vessels, soft tissues and bone necrosis if
extruded into the periapical region. Urgent treatment of the NaOCl accident
should be oriented on pain relief, infection control and recovery. This
paper shows a case of periradicular tissue necrosis after accidental
extrusion on NaOCl through fausse route of right maxillary canine, and
complete tissue regeneration after surgical debridement and bone
augmentation with addition of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) that occurred in a
53-year old patient at the dental clinic of Faculty of Dentistry in Pancevo.
The Effectiveness of the Learning Model Oriented Towards the Dimensions of Knowledge and Cognitive Processes
Authors: Widiana I Wayan , Rendra Ndara Tanggu
Published: January 2021

The teachers in elementary schools have not conducted studies and developments as well as changes in the learning process oriented towards the latest student cognitive domains. The proof is that the teacher is only able to make items on the evaluation of learning outcomes that only ask students to utter memorization. This study aims to develop a learning model oriented to the dimensions of knowledge and cognitive processes. This type of research is a development with the Dick & Carey model. The subject of this research is a learning model oriented to the dimensions of knowledge and cognitive processes. Data collection methods used were interviews, documentation, questionnaires, and tests. The data analysis used is the t-test. The results showed that the learning model with the orientation of knowledge and cognitive processes (PSBDPPK) was valid, effective, and efficient to be applied in elementary schools, and the results of the t-test show that this model has a significant effect on student learning outcomes, this is indicated by the t-test, the value (Sig. (2-tailed)) is 0,000. So, it can be concluded that the learning model that crosses the dimensions of knowledge and cognitive processes (PSBDPPK) is valid, effective, and efficient to be applied in elementary schools.
Improving Student Activity and Learning Outcomes by Applying the Jigsaw Type Learning Model in PPHP Skills Study
Authors: Fricticarani Ade , Maksum Hasan
Published: January 2021

Rendahnya aktivitas belajar siswa membuat guru sering menemukan siswa kebingungan, siswa tidak mengerjakan tugas sesuai langkah kerja sistematis sehingga terburu-buru dalam melakukan praktikum agar tidak terlambat untuk pembelajaran selanjutnya. keadaan ini didukung dengan banyaknya siswa yang mendapat nilai di bawah KKM yaitu sebanyak 20, 53% dan jumlah siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM sebanyak 79.45%. Keterbatasan ruang dan alat menyebabkan siswa harus belajar praktikum secara berkelompok, guru mengajar dengan metode ceramah sehingga peneliti berencana untuk merubah metode pengajaran dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran tipe jigsaw. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas model kooperatif tipe jigsaw terhadap peningkatan keaktifan siswa dan hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI sebanyak 33 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui lembar observasi, lembar penilaian kinerja, tes essay, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan:  Penerapan model jigsaw dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar yang dibuktikan dengan rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai persentase 57,6% pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 90,9%; dan hasil belajar siswa meningkat mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) pada pra siklus sebesar 67%, meningkat 18% menjadi 85% pada siklus I dan meningkat 15% menjadi 100% pada siklus II. Jadi, model Jigsaw dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI.
MOTIVASI PESERTA DIDIK SMK TRIATMAJAYA SINGARAJA MENJAGA KEBUGARAN JASMANI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Pratama Putra I Wayan Wisma , Astra I Ketut Budaya , Suwiwa I Gede
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi peserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja Menjaga Kebugaran Jasmani Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif denga survei. Populasi dari penelitian ini menggunakan peserta didik kelas XI SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja tahun ajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah total sebanyak 232 orang. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan non random sampling yaitu quota sampling dengan besaran 25% dari jumlah total populasi, sehingga jumlah sampel sebanyak 58 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistic deskriptif kuantitatif dengan kategori interval. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu pada faktor intrinsik motivasi peserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja dalam menjaga kebugaran jasmani pada masa pandemi covid-19 memperoleh skor 79,5 jika dikonversikan ke dalam interval kategori termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Sedangkan pada faktor ekstrinsik motivasi peserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja dalam menjaga kebugaran jasmani pada masa pandemi covid-19 memperoleh skor 7,44 jika dikonversikan ke dalam interval kategori termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Berdasarkan kedua indikator pada variabel, motivasi peserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja dalam menjaga kebugaran jasmani pada masa pandemi covid-19 memperoleh skor 76,9. Jika  dikonversikan ke dalam interval kategori, motivasi peserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja menjaga kebugaran jasmani pada masa pandemi covid-19 termasuk dalam kategori sangat tinggi. Dengan demikianpeserta didik SMK Triatmajaya Singaraja bisa menjadi contoh untuk peserta didik yang lain agar dapat menjaga dan melaksanakan aktivitas kebugaran jasmani pada masa pandemi covid-19 serta menigkatkan kekebalan tubuh.
Sub Specie Aeternitatis
Authors: Sautter Frank Thomas
Published: January 2021

A formalização de noções pré-teóricas não é uma ciência, mas uma arte. Isso se evidencia quando temos de decidir o que é indispensável e o que é prescindível na passagem do intuitivo para o formal. Exemplifico esse tipo de dificuldade com a formalização de uma noção intuitiva de coleção finita de objetos. A observância de maior fidelidade à noção pré-teórica, mesmo que desnecessária da perspectiva formal, resultou em duas novas definições de conjunto finito.
Trade and Religious Conversion in the Malay World: Study on Islamization in the Inderapura Kingdom in the 17 th - 18 th Centuries AD
Authors: Sudarman Sudarman , Rahmi Awliya , Wusqo Urwatul , Halimy Safrudin , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: January 2021

This study was derived from a paradegm developed by historians that the process of conversion to Islam in the Malay world was spread dominantly by the Sufis. As a result, historical reconstruction in this region has always been linked to the teachings, rituals and religious behavior of the Sufi. Based on available sources (manuscripts and archives), the role of traders was very significant in conversion to Islam in the Malay world. Through trade and religion, the countries in the Indian Ocean were interconnected. The religious conversion among traders grew faster as in the 17-18th century AD traders from various regions came to the West Coast of Sumatra to get spices. Most of these traders have embraced Islam. The Muslim traders carried the spirit of the Koran in their right hands and the commodities in the left hand. This spirit of spreading Islam was the driving force of the merchants to spread Islam in every place they visited. This research has implications for the communityâ€™s perspective on Islam in the Malay world because Islam that was brought by traders was progressive and flexible about the local culture. This study is a historical socio-religious study that is examined through three ap- proaches, namely historical approach, social approach, and religious approach. This study found that the religious conversion in the Malay world was succeeded mostly by the merchants. To facilitate the conversion, they married local women and negotiated with the authorized Sultan.
ORGANIC DISORDERS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PREMATURE NEWBORNS: HOW TO IDENTIFY A PATIENT AT RISK
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Pavlinova E.B. , Gubich A.A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Vlasenko N.Yu. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Mingairova A.G. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Polyanskaya N.A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Savchenko O.A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Kirshina I.A. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Kurmasheva E.I. ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: January 2021

Based on the data available today, it is impossible to accurately predict the occurrence of severe organic disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) in the neonatal period – intraventricular hemorrhages (IVH) of varying severity, periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Objective of the review: to study the significance of anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, pathogenetic markers as predictors of IVH and PVL in the neonatal period. Identification of the leading risk factors can help doctors provide the earliest and most targeted care for newborns, prevent the development of catastrophic consequences from the CNS in the future.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES AND FOOD ALLERGY: PATHOGENETIC AND CLINICAL PARALLELS
Authors:   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Makarova S.G. ,   M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, Gordeeva I.G. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Surkov A.N. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), like allergic diseases, are referred to «diseases of civilization», and their prevalence is growing throughout the world, including in the pediatric population. Both diseases refer to immunopathological conditions and have not only some common pathogenesis, but also similar clinical picture. It is also known about common factors that contribute to the predisposition to both groups of diseases – both genetic and environmental – vitamin D deficiency, changes in the intestinal microbiota composition etc. However, the mechanisms of observed relationship between IBD and food allergy (FA) are not fully understood. In this review, devoted to the current state of the problem, the pathogenetic and clinical parallels between FA and IBD are considered in detail. FA gastrointestinal symptoms may not differ from IBD onset, and the endoscopic picture may mimic the symptoms seen in patients with IBD. Indeed, the verification of gastrointestinal FA is still difficult due to the lack of reliable laboratory diagnostic methods. Besides misdiagnosis, comorbidity between FA and IBD is described. The complex pathogenetic mechanism of both IBD and allergic reactions is based on eosinophils, helper Th2 and Th17 cells, and transforming growth factor β. The common pathogenetic mechanisms lead to similar clinical manifestations, when not only the digestive system, but also the respiratory system and skin can be affected, although this is much less common in IBD. An important role is played by intestinal barrier state and intestinal microbiota – it was revealed that in children with certain genotypes, intestinal dysbiosis can cause immune abnormalities, leading to both allergic diseases and IBD.
FETAL INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE: CASE A SERIES OF CLINICAL CASES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Melashenko T.V. , Shkunova E.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Pozdnyakov A.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Pozdnyakova O.F. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Fedorova L.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Nishchenkova V.M. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Fetal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a severe injury to the immature fetal brain in the prenatal period with the development of severe complications that significantly aggravate the postnatal neurological prognosis of the child. Timely antenatal diagnostics of FIVH allows to route a pregnant woman to a level 3 maternity facility and provide specialized neurological and neurosurgical care to the child. This report presents 4 clinical observations of fetal IVH, which required neurological and neurosurgical support of children in the postnatal period.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF CHANGES IN THE NASAL CAVITY MICROBIOME IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT PARAMENINGEAL TUMORS DURING CHEMORADIATION THERAPY
Authors:   N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Rodina A.D. , Gorbunova T.V. ,   N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Merkulov O.A. ,   N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Ivanova N.V. ,   N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia, Polyakov V.G. ,   N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia,   Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Malignant tumors of parameningeal localization are various morphological neoplasms located in the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses and middle ear. As a result of tumor growth, conditions are created for the development of chronic inflammation. Studies of the microbiome of the upper respiratory tract in children with malignant tumors were practically not conducted. Objective of the research: to identify changes in the microbiome of the nasal cavity in children with malignant tumors of parameningeal localization during chemoradiotherapy. Materials and methods: the study included 29 patients with parameningeal tumors, 2–17 years old. Among the included in the study there were 18 boys (62%) and 11 girls (37%). Morphologically, the following were verified: embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) – 17 (58%), alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (arms) – 3 (10%), other sarcomas – 4 (13%), nasopharyngeal cancer – 5 (17%). All patients received induction chemotherapy. Simultaneous radiotherapy (LT) and chemotherapy (CT) – in 24 (82%) cases. After completing the chemoradiotherapy stage, consolidation therapy continued in 20 (70%) patients. Results: before the start of LT (after the induction stage of chemotherapy), a variety of microflora was observed in the nasal secretions, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were isolated in an equal ratio. The absence of growth of microorganisms was determined in 4 (13%) cases before the start of LT. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were more frequently detected after LT. Colonization of the nasal cavity of Candida albicans occurred before the start of LT in 4 (13%) and persisted after irradiation in 5 (17%) patients. In the delayed period, there was an increase in the percentage of patients who ridiculed gram-negative microorganisms – Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 4 (13%) cases. After 12 months, 3 (10%) patients showed a return of nosocomial flora (S. epidermidis MRSE and S. haemolyticus MRS), a decrease in colonization of P. aeruginosa and the preservation of C. albicans. Conclusion: at different stages of chemoradiotherapy, the nasal mucosa is colonized by various microorganisms that differ in their properties and pathogenicity. The continuation of this study will clarify the clinical significance of certain types of opportunistic microorganisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract in children with malignant tumors.
BREASTFEEDING SUPPORT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Authors:   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia, Pyryeva E.A. , Gmoshinskaya M.V. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia, Moshkina N.A. ,   Department of International Cooperation and Public Relations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Netunaeva E.A. ,   Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Breastfeeding (BF) is the foundation of child health and has many benefits for both mother and child health. Increasing BF prevalence and duration is one of the priority tasks of the pediatric community, supported at the state level. The active promotion of infant formulas undoubtedly has a negative impact on BF prevalence. The article observes regulatory acts on breast milk substitutes marketing and the practice of BF supporting in the Russian Federation.
EXPERIENCE OF LEVOSIMENDAN USING IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL CLASS IV HEART FAILURE
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Emelyanchik V.S. , Spichak Yu.Yu. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Teplov P.V. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Ilinykh K.A. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Cheremisina A.Yu. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Ivanitsky E.A. ,   Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery of Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Mosyakin N.A. ,   Krasnoyarsk Krai Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Welfare, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Makarevskaya N.Yu. ,   Krasnoyarsk Krai Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Welfare, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Kiseleva N.G. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Veselova O.F. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, Emelyanchik E.Yu. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia
Published: January 2021

Objective of the research: to study the results of levosimendan use in young children with heart failure (HF) of functional class IV (FC). Materials and methods: the analysis of observation of patients who received levosimendan: 2 with cardiomyopathies (CMP), 12 with congenital heart defects (CHD). The drug was administered intravenously 0,2 μg/kg/min. Results: in patients with CMP, the ejection fraction doubled after administration of levosimendan, in children with CHD heart contractility increased by 18%, and pulmonary artery pressure decreased by 17 mm Hg. There were no undesirable effects. Conclusion: administration of levosimendan provides an increase in cardiac output and a decrease in pulmonary resistance in children with HF IV FC without undesirable effects.
POLYMORPHISMS OF GENES INTERLEUKIN-6, VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A, CD14, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, FIBRINOGEN BETA CHAIN, ASSOCIATED WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF KAWASAKI DISEASE AND CORONARY ARTERY ANEURYSMS IN CHILDREN LIVING IN MOSCOW AND THE MOSCOW REGION
Authors:   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Kantemirova M.G. ,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Kurbanova S.Kh. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Novikova Yu.Yu. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia, Azova M.M. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Zheludova E.M. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Tarasenko E.V. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyannikov D.Yu. ,   People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia,   Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multifactorial disease with a genetic predisposition, systemic vasculitis complicated by the formation of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA). Its pathogenesis is based on immune inflammation with an increase in the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the level of C-reactive protein (CRP), and coagulation disorder. Objective of the study: to search for polymorphisms of genes interleukin-6 (IL6), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), cluster of differentiation CD14, CRP, fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), associated with the KD development and a predisposition to the CAA formation among patients with KD living in Moscow and the Moscow region. Materials and methods: genotyping for gene polymorphisms IL6 –174G>C (rs1800795), VEGFA –634 C>G (rs2010963), CD14 –159 C>T (rs2569190), CRP 3872 C>T (rs1205), FGB – 455 G>A (rs1800790) by PCR in 31 children 1 month – 10 years old (median age 19 months [9,0; 38,5]) with KD, among them, in 10 patients the disease was complicated by CAA formation according to echocardiography, and 30 children of the control group. Results: statistically significant differences (p<0,05) were revealed in the distribution of genotypes for polymorphisms of the CD14 –159 C>T, CRP 3872 C>T and FGB –455 G>A genes among patients with KD and children of the control group; when comparing the results of KD patients with CAA and the control group, statistically significant differences (p<0,05) were revealed only in the polymorphism CD14 –159 C>T. Conclusion: it can be assumed that these polymorphisms are associated with the development of KD and CAA in these patients.
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHIC VARIANTS OF GENES OF TNF-α AND ER1 IN PATIENTS WITH ATOPIC ASTHMA
Authors:   D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Ivashchenko T.E. , Ostankova Yu.V. ,   Pasteur Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Aseev M.V. ,   D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Kuropatenko M.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Experimental Medicine," Saint Petersburg, Russia, Zhelenina L.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a multifactorial disease, genetic factors play an important role in its etiopathogenesis. At the same time, data on associations of polymorphic variants of the estrogen receptor gene with BA are quite contradictory. Objective of this research was to study the peculiarities of allele polymorphism frequencies of ER1 and TNF-α genes and their combinations in patients with atopic BA depending on the disease severity. Materials and methods: in the course of a retrospective single-center comparative pilot study by PCR/RFLP analysis, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes for the ER1 and TNF-α genes were determined in 78 prepubertal children (9 [6–13] years) with atopic BA. The population comparison group included 115 people. Results: the study revealed that in BA patients with moderate severity, genotypes Xx (48% and 14%; OR=6,067 CI=[1,653–22,268]), and Pp (94% and 47%, respectively; OR=18,074 CI=[2,319–140,854]) of the ER1 gene were statistically significantly more common than in the comparison group. A statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of genotype combinations for the XbaI and PvuII polymorphisms of the ER1 and –308A genes>G of TNF-α gene polymorphism in patients with BA and in the comparison group (2=31,761, p=0,0043). The frequency of the combined a-PpXx genotype in BA patients was higher than in the comparison group (22% and 3%, OR=11,09, p<0,0001). Conclusion: associations were found between the severity of BA and the genotype of the ER1 gene. The revealed absence of associations of polymorphism of the ER1 gene and BA with gender is probably due to the fact that we observed the direct influence of genetic factors without the influence of hormonal background.
CYSTIC FIBROSIS: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, RESULTS OF NEONATAL SCREENING AND GENETIC ASPECTS IN NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA
Authors:   North Ossetian State Medical Academy, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, Tebieva I.S. ,   Medical and Genetic Consultative Department with the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, Getoeva Z.K. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, Petrova N.V. ,   Academician N.P. Bochkov Research Centre of Medical Genetics (RCMG) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Gabisova Yu.V. ,   Medical and Genetic Consultative Department with the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, Dzhadzhieva M.Yu. ,   Medical and Genetic Consultative Department with the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia, Zinchenko R.A. ,   Academician N.P. Bochkov Research Centre of Medical Genetics (RCMG) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia,   National Research Institute of Public Health named after N.A. Semashko, Moscow, Russia, Dzheliev I.Sh. ,   North Ossetian State Medical Academy, Vladikavkaz, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia
Published: January 2021

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease that affects the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas, salivary, sweat glands, reproductive system, caused by pathological variants of the CFTR gene located in the long arm of chromosome 7. Considering the fact that CF is the most common hereditary disease, transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner, threatening death and/or disability in case of late diagnosis, the study of population characteristics in different regions is important not only from an epidemiological, but also from a socio-economic point of view. High incidence of CF, the ability to identify the carrier of pathogenic CFTR gene variant, prenatal and preclinical diagnosis, adequate treatment and medical and social adaptation determine the need for organizing mass screening of newborns for this disease. Objective of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of neonatal screening for CF in RNO – Alania, to detect the frequency of its occurrence in the region, and to determine the molecular genetics features of CF in the population. A retrospective analysis of medical records of CF patients diagnosed before neonatal screening was carried out, as well as an analysis of the results of mass newborns screening for CF during 13 years from January 2007 to December 2019. Based on the analysis performed, it was found that the CF frequency in North Ossetia-Alania was 1:16369 live births, which is significantly lower than the average for Russia (1:9500).
CLINICAL CASE OF VITAMIN D OVERDOSE IN A YOUNG CHILD
Authors:   Institute of Pharmacoinformatics with the Federal Research Center ", Gromova O.A. ,   Informatics and Management",   of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Kopilova E.B. ,   Ivanovo Oblast Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Ivanovo, Russia, Ivanischuk G.N. ,   Ivanovo Oblast Regional Children's Clinical Hospital, Ivanovo, Russia, Torshin I.Yu. ,   Institute of Pharmacoinformatics with the Federal Research Center "Informatics and Management" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2021

The article describes a case of vitamin D intoxication (cholecalociferol) in a premature baby (born at the 33rd week of pregnancy) at the age of 8 weeks. An excess of the vitamin D dose by 15 times (15 000 IU/day instead of 1000 IU/day prescribed by the doctor) led to a concentration of 25(OH)D of 210 ng/ml and to a clinical picture of intoxication. During detoxification therapy, the 25(OH)D concentration decreased to the normal range in 4 weeks after vitamin D discontinuation. It is necessary to focus parental attention to the accuracy of adherence to the vitamin D regimen prescribed by the pediatrician.
ACTIVATED PHOSPHOINOSITIDE 3-KINASE δ SYNDROME – A RARE FORM OF PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Goltsman Е.А. , Kuznetsova А.А. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Rykachevskaia А.G. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Petrova S.I. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Guseva М.N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia,   acAcademician I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Suspitsin E.N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Каzantseva А.Y. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Peshekhonova Y.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2021

The activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) refers to primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) with autosomal dominant inheritance pattern and belongs to the PID group with immune dysregulation syndrome. APDS is caused by gain-of-function mutation in phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) subunit coding genes which leads to PI3Kδ pathway overactivation, dysfunction of the adaptive T-cell and B-cell immunity. APDS is characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary infections leading to the progressive structural airway defects, herpesviral infections, lymphoproliferative syndrome with increased risk of B-cell lymphoma. We would like to present a late diagnostics APDS case in 5-years old female patient. The BCG-itis at 3 months was the first appeared symptom. Further, it was followed by recurrent bronchitis, severe and prolonged pneumonia, fibrous changes in the lungs with lymphoproliferation symptoms. Laboratory data: increased IgM with normal IgA and IgG levels, decreased CD3+, CD19+, and lymphocytes. Genetic analysis showed heterozygous PIK3CD gene mutation: c.3061G>A p.E1021K. In conclusion, children with early onset of prolonged respiratory tract infections especially if associated with the lymphoproliferative syndrome have to be administered with immunological and genetic tests for early diagnostics of the PID.
LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL NONPARASITIC LIVER CYSTS IN NEWBORNS
Authors:   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Kozlov Yu.A. ,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Irkutsk, Russia,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Novozhilov V.A. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia,   Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Branch of the Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Irkutsk, Russia,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Weber I.N. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Rasputin A.A. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Kovalkov K.A. ,   Kemerovo City Children’s Clinical Hospital, Kemerovo, Russia, Baradieva P.J. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Zvonkov D.A. ,   Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia, Ochirov C.B. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Rasputina N.V. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Us G.P. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Kuznetsova N.N. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia, Kononenko M.I. ,   Irkutsk City Ivano-Matreninskaya Children's Clinical Hospital, Irkutsk, Russia
Published: January 2021

Congenital nonparasitic liver cysts in newborns are rare. Surgical excision of these formations is necessary to prevent complications. Reports of laparoscopic treatment of simple liver cysts in children are also rare. Authors present a series of endosurgical treatment of patients, numbering 3 children and coming from a single surgical center, and compare it with the literature data known to date. Data of 3 patients with nonparasitic liver cysts were collected at the Center for Neonatal Surgery, beginning in 2014. The analysis of the patient's demographic data and parameters of hepatic cysts (location, histological structure) is performed. Early and long-term results of laparoscopic operations were studied. All patients were newborns: 2 girls and 1 boy. The primary diagnosis was set during prenatal ultrasound examination. In all patients a complete resection of pathological liver formations was performed using laparoscopy. There were no complications during early postoperative period. In the long-term follow-up period, there were no disease recurrences. The study presents one of the largest series of laparoscopic excision of nonparasitic liver cysts in newborns. The study revealed that laparoscopy is a safe and effective method of treating of congenital hepatic cysts.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS OF JOUBERT SYNDROME IN NEWBORNS
Authors:   Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the University Clinical Hospital No. 2 with the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Golosnaya G.S. , Novikov M.Yu. ,   Vidnoye Perinatal Center, Vidnoye, Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, Knyazeva N.Yu. ,   Vidnoye Perinatal Center, Vidnoye, Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, Volodina D.Yu. ,   Vidnoye Perinatal Center, Vidnoye, Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, Vorokova M.M. ,   Vidnoye Perinatal Center, Vidnoye, Leninsky District, Moscow Oblast, Russia, Skobeltsyn A.A. ,   Moscow Oblast Regional Perinatal Center, Balashikha, Moscow Oblast, Russia, Perepelov V.A. ,   A.Ya. Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous Diseases with the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Ogurtsov A.V. ,   Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the University Clinical Hospital No. 2 with the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Larionova T.A. ,   V.V. Vinogradov Moscow City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia, Ledyaykina L.V. ,   N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia, Russia
Published: January 2021

Diagnostics of hereditary diseases is one of the important tasks of the perinatal center (PC) team. Functioning conditions of PC pediatric departments allow to verify the diagnosis early, so doctors and parents of a child can receive complete information about the state of his health and development prognosis as early as possible. Over the past year, researchers observed two newborns with Joubert syndrome (JS). The difficulty in JS diagnosing is the incomplete implementation of clinical symptoms or even their absence during the neonatal period. In newborns, this diagnosis can only be made with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and consulting a geneticist. Symptoms in this pathology differ in their severity when examining older children. Apnea, oculomotor disorders, muscle hypotonia, hearing disorders are more common, and sometimes there may be delayed intellectual development. JS is diagnosed on the basis of neurological examination, brain MRI, molecular genetic studies. In the literature, there were no description of JS in newborns. Diagnostic criteria for JS can be defined as oculomotor disorders, muscle hypotension, and respiratory failure. The opportunity to consult specialists – a neurologist, geneticist, ophthalmologist, ultrasound examinations as quickly as possible, determination of tactics of further examination and management of the child will increase the detection of genetic diseases, including JS, at the earliest stage of observation.
TOXIC EPIDERMOLYSIS CAUSED BY ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors:   Urals State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, Ufimtseva M.A. , Zakharov M.A. ,   Urals State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia,   Sverdlovsk Oblast Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, Averyanov O.Yu. ,   Sverdlovsk Oblast Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, Kozhevnikova O.V. ,   Sverdlovsk Oblast Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, Savchenko N.V. ,   Urals State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, Sabino Pereira A.B. ,   University Centre of Anápolis (UniEVANGÉLICA), Anápolis, State of Goiás, Brazil
Published: January 2021

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome) and Stevens–Johnson syndrome are severe types of toxicodermia and require emergency medical care. The pathophysiology of toxicoderma is associated with an adverse drug reaction. The article provides data from Russian and international literature on the role of antiepileptic drugs in these diseases occurrence. It also presents clinical cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis in children caused by anticonvulsants intake.