bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SuperCDMS SNOLAB - Status and Plans
Authors: Rau W
Published: January 2020

The Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (SuperCDMS) and its predecessor CDMS have been at the forefront of the search for Weakly Interacting Massive dark matter Particles (WIMPs) for close to two decades. Significant improvements in detector technology have opened up the low-mass parameter space (≲ 10 GeV/c2) where the experiment broke new ground with the CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite). Building on this success, SuperCDMS is preparing for the next phase of the experiment to be located at SNOLAB near Sudbury, Ontario. The new experimental setup will provide space for up to ∼200 kg of target mass in a considerably lower background environment. The initial payload of about 30 kg will be a mix of germanium and silicon targets in the form of both background discriminating iZIP and low-threshold HV detectors, pushing the sensitivity towards WIMPs with even lower masses and improving the cross-section reach of SuperCDMS by more than an order of magnitude. The long-term goal is to reach the neutrino-floor below 10 GeV/c2. We present the status of and plans for SuperCDMS at SNOLAB.
Studies of neutrino interactions at the Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Laboratory with sub-keV Ge-detectors
Authors: Singh Lakhwinder , Wong H.T.
Published: January 2020

Germanium detectors with point contact configuration is an exciting detector technology which provides sub-keV sensitivities as low as 100 eVee
with kg-scale detector mass. This detector technique offers a unique opportunity to realize experiments on dark matter, to enhance the sensitivity of electromagnetic properties of neutrino and coherent elastic scattering of neutrino nucleus with reactor neutrino source. The TEXONO collaboration have been pursuing this research program at the Kuo-Sheng Neutrino Laboratory (KSNL) in Taiwan. We will highlight our results on neutrino electromagnetic properties, search of sterile neutrinos, as well as studies towards observation of neutrino-nucleus coherent scattering. The detector R&D programs which allow us to experimentally probe this new energy window will be discussed. The efforts set the stage and complement the CDEX dark matter experiment at the new China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) in China.
Annual modulation search by XMASS-I with 2.7 years of data
Authors: Yamashita Masaki
Published: January 2020

In this work, we conducted annual modulation search for dark matter with 2.7 years of data taking with the XMASS-I detector. A total exposure was 800 live days times 832 kg. When we assume Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter elastically scattering on the xenon target, the exclusion upper limit of the WIMP-nucleon cross section was 1.9×10−41cm2 at 8 GeV/c2. For model independent case, without assuming any specific dark matter model, we did not find any modulation signal with a p-value of 0.11 in the 1-20 keV energy region for the null hypothesis.
The Sanford Underground Research Facility
Authors: Heise J
Published: January 2020

The former Homestake gold mine in Lead, South Dakota, has been transformed into a dedicated facility to pursue underground research in rare-process physics, as well as offering unique research opportunities in other disciplines. The Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) includes two main campuses at the 4850-foot level (4300 m.w.e.) - the Davis Campus and the Ross Campus - that host a range of significant physics projects: the LUX dark matter experiment, the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment and the CASPAR nuclear astrophysics accelerator. Furthermore, the BHUC Ross Campus laboratory dedicated to critical material assays for current and future experiments has been operating since Fall 2015. Research efforts in biology, geology and engineering have been underway at SURF for 10 years and continue to be a strong component of the SURF research program. Plans to accommodate future experiments at SURF are well advanced and include geothermal-related projects, the next generation direct-search dark matter experiment LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) and the Fermilab-led international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF). SURF is a dedicated research facility with significant expansion capability, and applications from other experiments are welcome.
Low Background Measurement Capabilities at SNOLAB
Authors: Lawson Ian
Published: January 2020

Experiments currently searching for dark matter and studying properties of neutrinos require very low levels of radioactive backgrounds both in their own construction materials and in the surrounding environment. These low background levels are required so that the current and next generation experiments can achieve the required sensitivities for their searches. This presentation will describe the low background measurement facilities currently operating at SNOLAB and will discuss plans and options to expand these facilities to allow for the increased sensitivity required by the next generation of experiments.
VIP2 at Gran Sasso - Test of the validity of the spin statistics theorem for electrons with X-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Marton J. , Pichler A. , Bartalucci S. , Bazzi M. , Bertolucci S. , Berucci C. , Bragadireanu M. , Cargnelli M. , Clozza A. , Curceanu C. , Paolis L. De , Matteo S. Di , Egger J.-P. , Guaraldo C. , Iliescu M. , Laubenstein M. , Milotti E. , Pietreanu D. , Piscicchia K. , Scordo A. , Shi H. , Sirghi D. , Sirghi F. , Sperandio L. , Vazquez-Doce O. , Widmann E. , Zmeskal J.
Published: January 2020

In the VIP2 VIolation of the Pauli Exlusion Principle (PEP) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) we are searching for possible violations of standard quantum mechanics predictions. With high precision we investigate the Pauli Exclusion Principle and the collapse of the wave function (collapse models). We will present our experimental method of searching for possible small violations of the Pauli Exclusion Principle for electrons, via the search for “anomalous” X-ray transitions in copper atoms, produced by “new” electrons (brought inside a copper bar by circulating current) which could have the probability to undergo Pauli-forbidden transition to the ground state (1 s level) already occupied by two electrons. We will describe the concept of the VIP2 experiment taking data at LNGS presently. The goal of VIP2 is to test the PEP for electrons with unprecedented accuracy, down to a limit in the probability that PEP is violated at the level of 10−31. We will show preliminary experimental results obtained at LNGS and discuss implications of a possible violation.
Status of the TREX-DM experiment at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory
Authors: Aznar F , Castel J , Cebrián S , Coarasa I , Dafni T , Galán J , Garza J G , Iguaz F J , Irastorza I G , Luzón G , Mirallas H , Solórzano A Ortiz de , Ruiz-Chóliz E , Villar JA
Published: January 2020

The TREX-DM experiment is conceived to look for low mass WIMPs by means of a gas time projection chamber equipped with novel micromegas readout planes at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory. The detector can hold 20 l of pressurized gas up to 10 bar, which corresponds to 0.30 kg of Ar, or alternatively, 0.16 kg of Ne. The micromegas will be read with a self-triggered acquisition, allowing for effective thresholds below 0.4 keV (electron equivalent). The preliminary background model, following a complete material screening program, points to levels of the order of 1-10 counts keV−1 kg−1 d−1 in the region of interest, making TREX-DM competitive. The status of the commissioning, description of the background model and the corresponding WIMP sensitivity will be presented here.
Probing the absolute neutrino mass scale with the 163Ho: the HOLMES project
Authors: Gerone M De , Alpert B , Becker D , Bennett D , Biasotti M , Ceriale V , Dressier R , Faverzani M , Ferri E , Fowler J , Gallucci G , Gard J , Gatti F , Giachero A , Hays-Wehle J , Heinitz S , Hilton G , Koester U , Lusignoli M , Mates J , Nisi S , Orlando A , Pessina G , Puiu A , Ragazzi S , Reintsema C , Ribeiro-Gomes M , Schmidt D , Schumann D , Swetz D , Ullom J , Vale L
Published: January 2020

The HOLMES project aims to directly measure the electron neutrino mass using the electron capture decay (EC) of 163Ho down to the eV scale. It will perform a precise measurement of the end-point of the 163Ho calorimetric energy spectrum to search for the deformation caused by a finite electron neutrino mass. The choice of 163Ho as source is driven by the very low Q-value of the EC reaction (around 2.8 keV), which allows for a high sensitivity while keeping the overall activities to reasonable value (O(102)Hz/detector), thus reducing the pile-up probability. A large array made of thousands of Transition Edge Sensor based micro-calorimeters will be used for a calorimetric measurement of the EC 163Ho spectrum. The calorimetric approach, with the source embedded inside the detector, eliminates systematic uncertainties arising from the use of an external beta-source, and minimizes the effect of the atomic de-excitation process uncertainties. The commissioning of the first implanted sub-array is scheduled for the end of 2017. It will provide useful data about the EC decay of 163Ho together with a first limit on neutrino mass. In this paper the current status of the main tasks will be summarized: the TES array design and engineering, the isotope preparation and embedding, and the development of a high speed multiplexed SQUID read-out system for the data acquisition.
A novel experiment for coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering: CONUS
Authors: Buck C , Fülber K , Hakenmüller J , Heusser G , Lindner M , Maneschg W , Rink T , Strecker H , Schierhuber T , Wagner V , Wink R
Published: January 2020

The CONUS experiment (COherent elastic NeUtrino nucleus Scattering) aims at detecting coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering of reactor antineutrinos on Germanium. The experiment will be set up at the commercial nuclear power plant of Brokdorf, Germany, at a distance of ∼17 m to the reactor core. The recoil of the nuclei hit by the antineutrinos is detected with four high-purity point contact Germanium detectors with a very low threshold and an overall mass of about 4 kg. To suppress the background, the setup is equipped with a shell-like passive shield and an active muon veto system. The shield and the muon veto have successfully been tested at the shallow depth laboratory at Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to reproduce the prompt muon-induced background and to examine the induced neutron spectrum. Currently, the low threshold Germanium detectors are characterized and the experiment is prepared for commissioning.
Indirect Searches for Dark Matter Signatures at INO
Authors: Choubey S , Ghosh A , Tiwari D
Published: January 2020

Neutrino fluxes could arise due to annihilation of Weakly Interactive Massive Particles (WIMPs) in the center of the sun. We study the prospects of search for muon events due to such neutrinos at the upcoming Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector to be housed at India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). Although the atmospheric neutrinos will pose a serious background to the signal neutrinos produced through WIMP annihilation, the former could be supressed significantly by using the directional property of signal neutrinos. For 50kt×10 years of ICAL running and WIMP masses (mχ
) between 3-100 GeV, we perform a χ2 analysis and present expected exclusion regions in the σβख़ — mx
and σβι — mx
plane, where σβख़ and σβι are the WIMP-nucleon Spin-Dependent (SD) and Spin-Independent (SI) scattering cross-sections, respectively. For mx
= 25 GeV, the expected 90 % C.L. exclusion limit on σβख़ are σβॄ < 7.82 x 10−41
cm2
for τ+τ−
channel and σβख़ < 1.23 10−39
cm2
for 66 channel. For same m×
, the expected 90 % C.L. exclusion limits on σβι are σβι < 8.97 × 10−43
cm2
for τ +τ
− channel and σβι < 1.43×10−41
cm2
for 66 channel.
Analytical response function for the Borexino solar neutrino analysis
Authors: Bagdasarian Z , Ding X , Vishneva A
Published: January 2020

Borexino experiment is located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, and its primary goal is detecting solar neutrinos, in particular those below 2 MeV, with unprecedentedly high sensitivity. Its technical distinctive feature is the ultra-low radioactive background of the inner scintillating core, which is the basis of the outstanding achievements obtained by the experiment (fluxes of 7Be, pep, pp, and limit on CNO). A spectral fit in the whole energy range from 200 keV up to 2 MeV has been performed for the first time, allowing to obtain simultaneously fluxes of all the solar neutrino components. To make such a fit possible, one requires the exact shapes of neutrino signals and backgrounds, as seen in the detector. Therefore, the transformation of the spectra from the original energy scale to the scale of the desired energy estimator, such as the number of hit PMTs or photoelectrons, is one of the key steps of the analysis. This conversion accounts for the energy scale non-linearity and the detector’s energy response, and can be performed using two approaches: the Monte Carlo simulation and the use of analytical models. The details and advantages of the analytical approach are presented in this contribution.
Search for sterile neutrinos with SOX: Monte Carlo studies of the experiment sensitivity and systematic effects
Authors: Basilico D , Neumair B , Martyn J
Published: January 2020

Some neutrino experiments reveal anomalous results which can make room for new physics beyond the three-flavor neutrino oscillation model. These hints suggest the existence of sterile neutrinos with mass m <eV. SOX will be a short-baseline disappearance experiment aiming to test this hypotesis, performed with the liquid scintillator detector Borexino at Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy [1]. Due to the good energy and position resolution, a light sterile neutrino can create an oscillatory pattern in the signal. The SOX sensitivity, the related analysis and systematics will be briefly discussed.
Calibration Hardware for SNO+
Authors: Bayes Ryan
Published: January 2020

The SNO+ experiment has a varied neutrino physics program that includes a neutrino-less double beta decay experiment in addition to reactor, solar, and geoneutrino measurements. SNO+ uses the architecture of SNO, using an acrylic vessel filled with scintillator as its neutrino target suspended in a water volume. At this time data is being collected with the acrylic vessel filled with water in preparation for the scintillator phase. An essential component to the successful execution of this physics program is a calibration of the optical and energetic response of the detector. Calibrations are underway using a laser-driven light source and radioactive gas sources, such as Nitrogen-16, that are to be lowered into the detector vessel on an umbilical. The position can be manipulated in 1-D using the umbilical retrieval mechanisms (URM) or in 2-D using ropes to guide the source off-axis. The sources and drive systems will be presented here with the goals of the calibration in the context of its impact on the SNO+ physics program.
Thermal management and modeling for precision measurements in Borexino’s SOX and solar neutrino spectroscopy programs
Authors: Bravo-Berguño David
Published: January 2020

Borexino has performed the first direct, high-precision, wideband solar neutrino spectroscopy of the solar neutrino spectrums main components, including improving the knowledge of the CNO ν flux. Its next-generation short-baseline 144Ce-144Pr (math) source program (CeSOX) intends to unambiguously measure or disprove signs of anomalous oscillatory behavior in the low L/E regime. Both programs rely on the detector’s unprecedented and record-setting background levels, which are tightening its requirement for background stability. Aiming to minimize background fluctuations (particularly 210Po), a new Temperature Monitoring and Management System was deployed. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are also being developed in order to model, characterize and ultimately predict the subtle fluid currents that might be a hindrance for the required background stability.
A sensitive assay technique for 210Pb in water
Authors: Chauhan D , Chkvorets O
Published: January 2020

SNO+ is a multipurpose neutrino physics experiment, located 2 kilometers underground in the SNOLAB facility in Sudbury, Canada. It is the successor of the SNO experiment, replacing the heavy water in the Acrylic vessel (AV) with 780 tons of liquid scintillator, Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB). The AV is surrounded by 7000 tons of ultrapure light water, which shields the detector from naturally occurring radioactivity in the surrounding rock, PMTs, and PSUP. To achieve the radiopurity requirements, the water should be very clean and levels of U and Th contamination in the shielding water must be carefully controlled. A water assay technique, based on the capture of Ra and Th radioisotopes using Hydrous Titanium Oxide (HTiO), was developed by the SNO experiment. Ra sensitivities equivalent to 232Th: 4×10−16 gTh/D2O and 238U: 3×10−16 gU/g D2O were achieved with this technique [1]. The HTiO technique will be used in SNO+ to monitor 238U and 232Th contamination levels in the shielding water and the performance of the water purification system.

For the lower energy measurements of interest to SNO+, radon daughter radioisotopes, especially 210Po and 210Bi supported by 210Pb, are also important. Since water will be used in the purification of both the liquid scintillator and tellurium that will be chemically loaded in SNO+ to search for neutrinoless double beta decay, a technique to assay for 210Pb in water was desirable. The SNO+ collaboration has extended the HTiO assay technique to allow measurement of 210Pb in the water. This technique is capable of measuring 0.4 +/- 0.13 mBq/m3 of 210Pb for a 10 tonne assay. The method developed and results of initial 210Pb measurements are presented.
Liquid scintillator for search of double beta decay with Tin
Authors: Chkvorets O. , Kraus C. , Kuettler J. , Lozza V. , Zuber K.
Published: January 2020

Sn-124 is one of the double beta decay isotopes where no measurement of the 2νββ decay rate has been performed. The abundance of the isotope is 5.79%, fairly low, however it can be compensated for by the high loading potential of the natural isotope up to 10% into liquid scintillator without significant light quenching. This work presents results of the LAB based tin loaded liquid scintillator: stability, light yield and possible purification techniques.
Calibration campaign of the Borexino detector for the search of sterile neutrinos with SOX
Authors: Collica L , Berguno D Bravo , Choi K , Nieslony M
Published: January 2020

The SOX (Short distance Oscillations with boreXino) experiment aims to investigate possible anomalous oscillatory behaviours in neutrinos, including the existence of sterile neutrinos, by exploiting the very low radioactive background of the Borexino detector. A calibration campaign is crucial to achieve a deeper understanding of the energy response and the spatial reconstruction accuracies of the detector. It will be performed with a suite of low-activity radioactive sources which will map the whole active volume, especially nearby the inner vessel. The calibration points at the border of the active zones will be extremely important to study the neutron detection efficiency. The calibration system, already used in Borexino Phase-I, allows the insertion of the sources without perturbing the radio-purity of the detector. The calibration campaign will take place a few months before the beginning of the SOX experiment. In this work, we describe in detail both the calibration hardware and the calibration strategy.
Initial performance of the CUORE detector
Authors: Cushman J. S. , Alduino C. , Alfonso K. , Avignone F. T. , Azzolini O. , Bari G. , Bellini F. , Benato G. , Bersani A. , Biassoni M. , Branca A. , Brofferio C. , Bucci C. , Camacho A. , Caminata A. , Canonica L. , Cao X. G. , Capelli S. , Cappelli L. , Cardani L. , Carniti P. , Casali N. , Cassina L. , Chiesa D. , Chott N. , Clemenza M. , Copello S. , Cosmelli C. , Cremonesi O. , Creswick R. J. , D’Addabbo A. , D’Aguanno D. , Dafinei I. , Davis C. J. , Dell’Oro S. , Deninno M. M. , Domizio S. Di , Vacri M. L. Di , Drobizhev A. , Fang D. Q. , Faverzani M. , Ferri E. , Ferroni F. , Fiorini E. , Franceschi M. A. , Freedman S. J. , Fujikawa B. K. , Giachero A. , Gironi L. , Giuliani A. , Gladstone L. , Gorla P. , Gotti C. , Gutierrez T. D. , Han K. , Heeger K. M. , Hennings-Yeomans R. , Huang H. Z. , Keppel G. , Kolomensky Yu. G. , Leder A. , Ligi C. , Lim K. E. , Ma Y. G. , Marini L. , Martinez M. , Maruyama R. H. , Mei Y. , Moggi N. , Morganti S. , Nagorny S. S. , Napolitano T. , Nastasi M. , Nones C. , Norman E. B. , Novati V. , Nucciotti A. , Nutini I. , O’Donnell T. , Ouellet J. L. , Pagliarone C. E. , Pallavicini M. , Palmieri V. , Pattavina L. , Pavan M. , Pessina G. , Pira C. , Pirro S. , Pozzi S. , Previtali E. , Reindl F. , Rosenfeld C. , Rusconi C. , Sakai M. , Sangiorgio S. , Santone D. , Schmidt B. , Schmidt J. , Scielzo N. D. , Singh V. , Sisti M. , Taffarello L. , Terranova F. , Tomei C. , Vignati M. , Wagaarachchi S. L. , Wang B. S. , Wang H. W. , Welliver B. , Wilson J. , Wilson K. , Winslow L. A. , Wise T. , Zanotti L. , Zhang G. Q. , Zimmermann S. , Zucchelli S.
Published: January 2020

CUORE, the Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events, is an experiment searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of 130Te. The first CUORE dataset was acquired in May and June 2017 and consisted of 10.6 kg-yr of TeO2 exposure, with several days of calibration data before and after the physics dataset. We discuss here the initial performance of the CUORE detector and cryostat in this first dataset.
Studies on Muon Veto in the JUNO Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector
Authors: Genster Christoph
Published: January 2020

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton liquid scintillator detector currently under construction near Kaiping, China. It is located 650 m underground with a baseline of 53 km to two nuclear power plants. The reactor neutrinos are measured via inverse beta decay in order to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy. Muons that cross the detector create a correlated background for this measurement. A set of sub-detectors and sophisticated reconstruction algorithms are presented to achieve an efficient veto of cosmogenic backgrounds while keeping a high exposure. On a sample of through-going muons with the expected mean energy of 215 GeV a spatial bias of less than 10 cm and an angular bias better than 0.5 ° can be reached. There is only 1% additional loss in exposure compared to a perfect tracking.
Spin light of neutrino in neutron star matter
Authors: Grigoriev Alexander , Lokhov Alexey , Studenikin Alexander , Ternov Alexei
Published: January 2020

In this paper we discuss the possibility of SLν radiation by a neutrino moving in dense matter of a neutron star. We determine a set of conditions inside neutron stars for which the radiation is possible and might have a considerable efficiency.
Time dependence of the proton and helium flux measured by PAMELA
Authors: Panico Beatrice , Campana D. , Osteria G. , Barbarino G. C. , Adriani O. , Bongi M. , Spillantini P. , Mori N. , Papini P. , Vannuccini E. , Bazilevskaya G. A. , Kvashnin A. N. , Stozhkov Y. I. , Bellotti R. , Monaco A. , Bruno A. , Cafagna F. , Boezio M. , Bonvicini V. , Mocchiutti E. , Munini R. , Zampa G. , Zampa N. , Vacchi A. , Bogomolov E. A. , Krutkov S. Y. , Vasilyev G. I. , Carlson P. , Pearce M. , Casolino M. , Castellini G. , De Santis C. , Marcelli L. , Mergè M. , Picozza P. , Sparvoli R. , Di Felice V. , Galper A. M. , Karelin A. V. , Koldashov S. V. , Koldobskiy S. , Yurkin Y. T. , Malakhov V. , Leonov A. , Mayorov A. G. , Mikhailov V. V. , Voronov S. A. , Martucci M. , Menn W. , Simon M. , Ricci M. , Ricciarini S. B.
Published: January 2020

The energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays carry fundamental information regarding their origin and propagation, but, near Earth, cosmic rays are significantly affected by the solar magnetic field which changes over time. The time dependence of proton and electron spectra were measured from July 2006 to December 2009 by PAMELA experiment, that is a ballooon-borne experiment collecting data since 15 June 2006. These studies allowed to obtain a more complete description of the cosmic radiation, providing fundamental information about the transport and modulation of cosmic rays inside the heliosphere. The study of the time dependence of the cosmic-ray protons and helium nuclei from the unusual 23rd solar minimum through the following period of solar maximum activity is presented.
The HEPD apparatus for the CSES mission
Authors: Panico Beatrice , Osteria G. , Perfetto F. , Scotti V. , Cipollone P. , De Donato C. , De Santis C. , Marcelli L. , Masciantonio G. , Mergè M. , Palma F. , Picozza P. , Sotgiu A. , Sparvoli R. , Contin A. , Guadalini C. , Laurenti G. , Lolli M. , Palmonari F. , Patrizii L. , Pozzato M. , Ricci M. , Spataro B. , Burger W.J. , Battiston R. , Follega F.M. , Iuppa R. , Lazzizzera I. , Manea C. , Rashevskaya I. , Ricci E. , Vitale V. , Ambrosi G. , Ionica M. , Sposito M. , Bartocci S. , Conti L. , Castellini G. , Pacini L. , Ricciarini S.B.
Published: January 2020

The High-Energy Particle Detector (HEPD) is one of the payloads of the CSES space mission. The HEPD is built by the Italian Limadou collaboration and has different goals. It will study the temporal stability of the inner Van Allen radiation belts, the precipitation of trapped particles in the atmosphere and the low energy component of the cosmic rays (5-100 MeV for electrons and 15 - 300 MeV for protons). It has been tested at the Beam Test Facility of the INFN National Laboratory of Frascati, for electrons, and at the Proton Cyclotron of Trento, for protons. Here is presented a study of the performance of the apparatus to separate electrons and protons and identify nuclei up to iron.
Data Quality and Run Selection for the SNO+ experiment
Authors: Braid D. , Coulter I. , Descamps F. , Ludovico F. Di , Falk E. , Leming E. , Marzec E. , Mastbaum A. , Mlejnek M. , Nae S. , Prior G. , Rumleskie J. , Singh K. , Stringer M. , Wilson J.
Published: January 2020

The SNO+ detector main physics goal is the search for neutrinoless double-beta decay, a rare process which if detected, will prove the Majorana nature of the neutrinos and provide information on the absolute scale of the neutrino absolute mass. Additional physics goals of SNO+ include the study of solar neutrinos, anti-neutrinos from nuclear reactors and the Earth’s natural radioactivity as well as Supernovae neutrinos. Located in the SNOLAB underground physics laboratory (Canada), it will re-use the SNO experiment infrastructure with the 12 m diameter spherical volume filled with 780 tons of Te-loaded liquid scintillator. A short phase with the detector completely filled with water has started at the end of 2016. It will be followed by a scintillator phase expected to start at the end of this year. Continual careful monitoring of the detector state such as its hardware configuration, slow control information, data handling and triggers is required to ensure the quality of the data taken. Several automatic checks have been put in place for that purpose. This information serves as input to higher level run selection tools that will ultimately perform a final decision on the goodness of a run for a given physics analysis.
CUTE - A Cryogenic Underground Test Facility at SNOLAB
Authors: Rau W , Gerbier G , Camus P. , Dering K. , Cazes A. , Scorza S. , Zhang X. , Dastgheibi-Fard A.
Published: January 2020

The excellent energy resolution and low threshold of cryogenic detectors have brought them to the forefront of the search for low-mass Weakly Interacting Massive Particles. The next generation of large cryogenic detectors for dark matter search promises further improvements in sensitivity, yet it is difficult and in some cases impossible to test and fully characterize these detectors in an unshielded environment. Therefore, the Queen’s SuperCDMS team is installing a well shielded Cryogenic Underground detector TEst facility (CUTE) at SNOLAB to support detector testing and characterization for SuperCDMS and future cryogenic rare event search experiments. Significant effort is put into achieving a very low background environment which may open the door for early science results with the first set of SuperCDMS detectors during the time the main experimental apparatus is being installed. We discuss some of the challenges and solutions implemented in the design of this facility as well as the status and schedule for the start of operations underground at SNOLAB.
The ν-cleus experiment: Gram-scale cryogenic calorimeters for a discovery of coherent neutrino scattering
Authors: Strauss R. , Rothe J. , Petricca F. , Schönert S.
Published: January 2020

We investigate new gram-scale cryogenic detectors, 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller in size than previous devices. These are expected to reach unprecedentedly low energy thresholds, in the 10 eV-regime and below. This technology allows new approaches in rare-event searches, including the search for MeV-scale dark matter, detection of solar neutrinos and a rapid discovery of coherent neutrino-nucleus scattering (CNNS) at a nuclear reactor. We show a simple scaling law for the performance of cryogenic calorimeters, allowing the extrapolation of existing device performances to smaller sizes. Measurement results with a 0.5 g sapphire detector are presented. This prototype reached a threshold of 20 eV, which is one order of magnitude lower than previous results with massive calorimeters. We discuss an experiment, called ν-cleus, which enables a 5-σ discovery of CNNS within about 2 weeks of measuring time at 40 m distance from a power reactor. In a second stage, this experiment enables precision measurements of the CNNS cross-section and spectral shape for new physics within and beyond the Standard Model.
Current status and projected sensitivity of COSINE-100
Authors: Thompson WG
Published: January 2020

COSINE-100, a direct detection WIMP dark matter search, is using 106 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals to definitively test the DAMA collaboration’s claim of WIMP discovery. In the context of most standard models of WIMP dark matter, the DAMA result is in conflict with other direct detection experiments. To resolve this tension, COSINE-100 seeks to independently test the DAMA observation using a detector of the same target material as DAMA, thus definitively confirming or refuting their claim of WIMP discovery. Here, we present the current status and projected sensitivity of COSINE-100, along with the projected sensitivity of COSINE-200, a possible next phase of the experiment.
Supernovae and SNO+
Authors: Rumleskie J , Virtue C
Published: January 2020

At the end of a massive star’s life, a violent explosion known as a supernova occurs and releases 99% of the star’s gravitational binding energy in the form of neutrinos. Although the explosion generates a huge burst of neutrinos, the large distance to earthbound detectors, low cross sections, and flavour changing oscillations can make detection and analysis challenging. Only one neutrino burst from a supernova has ever been detected, but neutrino detectors have been waiting patiently for another. The SNO+ detector at SNOLAB can be used as a supernova detector during both regular operation and calibrations by measuring the burst of neutrinos from a supernova. We present the neutrino detection method and analysis of potential galactic supernova with the SNO+ detector.
Tensor meson contribution to the Lamb shift and hyperfine splitting in muonic hydrogen
Authors: Dorokhov A E , Martynenko A P , Martynenko F A , Radzhabov A E
Published: January 2020

We calculate the tensor meson exchange contribution to the interaction operator of muon and proton, which is determined by the tensor meson coupling with two photon state. For the construction of transition form factor T → γγ we use the monopole parametrization over photon four-momenta and experimental data on the decay width Γ
Tγγ
. It is shown that tensor meson f
2(1270) exchange gives essential contribution to the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen ΔΕLs
(2P – 2S) which should be taken into account for a comparison with precise experimental data.
Unpolarized and spin-dependent DIS structure functions in Double-Logarithmic Approximation
Authors: Ermolaev B I , Troyan S I
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate how to calculate perturbative components of the structure functions F1 (for unpolarized DIS) and gi (spin-dependent DIS) in Double-Logarithmic Approximation, studying separately the cases of fixed and running QCD coupling. We show that as long as only ladder graphs are accounted for (throughout the talk we use the Feynman gauge for virtual gluons) there is no difference at all between F
1 and g
1. However, accounting for contributions of non-ladder graphs brings an essential difference between them. Applying Saddle-Point method to expressions for F
1 and g
1, we obtain their small-x asymptotics. The both asymptotics are of the Regge kind but with different intercepts. The intercept of F
1 proved to be greater than unity, so it is a new contribution to Pomeron. We show the reason for the g
1 intercept should be less than the one of F
1 and thereby argue against using model Pomerons in the spin-dependent processes. Finally, we discuss the applicability region of Regge asymptotics.
Chiral vortical and Chiral torsional effects
Authors: Abramchuk R. A. , Khaidukov Z. V. , Zubkov M. A.
Published: January 2020

Corrections to the chiral vortical effect due to the finite volume and the presence of mass are discussed. The possibility to describe the chiral vortical effect(CVE) by an effective gauge field is considered. The new chiral effect arising in the presence of torsion is described.
Probing the linearly polarized gluons in unpolarized proton with heavy-quark pair production
Authors: Ivanov N. Ya. , Efremov A.V. , Teryaev O. V.
Published: January 2020

We consider the azimuthal cos φ and cos 2φ distributions and the Callan-Gross ratio R = dσL
/dσT
in heavy-quark pair electroproduction,

l
N
→

l
′

Q

Q
¯

X

, as probes of linearly polarized gluons in unpolarized nucleons. Our analysis shows that the azimuthal asymmetries and Callan-Gross ratio are predicted to be large and very sensitive to the contribution of the gluonic counterpart of the Boer-Mulders function,

h
1

⊥
g

, describing the linear polarization of gluons inside unpolarized nucleon. In particular, the maximum values of the azimuthal distributions vary from 0 to 1 depending on

h
1

⊥
g

. We conclude that future measurements of these quantities at the proposed EIC and LHeC colliders could clarify in details the proton spin decomposition puzzle.
Parity violation and modification of fermion spin projectors
Authors: Kaloshin A E , Lomov V P
Published: January 2020

Account of interactions in frameworks of Standard Model leads to appearence of γ5 terms in a dressed fermion propagator. In this case the standard spin projectors do not commute with propagator and should be modified. Starting point of our discussion is the eigenvalue problem for inverse propagator S(p). Having the solutions of this problem, one can understand the necessary modification of spin projectors. The same generalized spin projector appears at propagation of neutrino in a moving matter, but in contrast to vacuum case, corresponding polarization vector is not arbitrary. This spin projector commute with neutrino propagator and all dispersion laws for neutrino in media are classified according to spin projection onto this fixed axis.
Radiative decays of heavy quarkonia into two vector mesons. Spin properties of amplitudes and angular distributions of linearly polarized photons
Authors: Kozhevnikov A A
Published: January 2020

Angular distributions of photons with definite linear polarizations relative to the plane spanned by the momentum of initial electron and the total momentum of the V
1
V
1 pair in the reaction e
+
e
− → V → γ X (JP
) → γV
1
V
1 (V = J/ψ,ψ′,…, Υ(1S), Υ,… and V
1 = ρ,ω,ϕ,…) are calculated. It is shown that the sign of asymmetry of the distributions of photons polarized in the above plane and orthogonal to it correlates with the signature P(−1)
J
of the X resonance with given spin-parity JP
= 0±, 1±, 2± so it may help to establish this quantum number in a way which does not depend on the specific model of the X(JP
) → V
1
V
1 amplitude.
On the spin correlations of final leptons produced in the high-energy annihilation and two-photon processes e+e− → μ+ μ−, τ+τ− and γγ → e+e−, μ+μ−, τ+τ−
Authors: Lyuboshitz Valery V , Lyuboshitz Vladimir L
Published: January 2020

The electromagnetic processes of annihilation of (e
+
e
−) pairs, into heavy flavor lepton pairs are theoretically studied in the one-photon approximation, using the technique of helicity amplitudes . For the process e
+
e
− − μ
+
μ
−, it is shown that - in the case of the unpolarized electron and positron − the final muons are also unpolarized but their spins are strongly correlated; the structure of their triplet states is analyzed and explicit expressions for the correlation tensor components are derived. On the other hand, the theoretical study of spin structure for the processes of lepton pair production by photon pairs is also performed: for the two-photon process γγ → e
+
e
−, it is found that – quite similarly - in the case of unpolarized photons the spins of final unpolarized particles prove to be strongly correlated, and explicit expressions for the correlation tensor components and relative fractions of singlet and triplet states of the final system are obtained. It is established that in both these processes the spin correlations of final leptons have the purely quantum character, since one of the Bell-type incoherence inequalities for the correlation tensor components is always violated. Analogous analysis can be wholly applied also to the annihilation process e
+
e
− → τ
+
τ
− and to the two-photon processes γγ → μ
+
μ
−, γγ → τ
+
τ
−, becoming possible at considerably higher energies.
Dynamics of classical and quantum spin in external fields: A general formalism
Authors: Obukhov Yuri N.
Published: January 2020

We study the dynamics of classical and quantum particles with spin and dipole moments in external fields within the framework of the general approach by making use of the projection technique. Applications include the neutrino physics in matter, polarization phenomena in astrophysics, high-energy and heavy-ion physics.
NLO radiative corrections to the Drell–Yan process at LHC Run3
Authors: Buhayeuskaya M. P. , Zykunov V. A.
Published: January 2020

NLO electroweak and QCD radiative corrections to the Drell-Yan process were calculated. The numerical estimations for forward-backward asymmetry in μ
+
μ
− pair production performed in various rapidity ranges and different PDF sets for center-of-mass energy

S

=
7

TeV are in agreement with CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Runl experimental data. To simulate the detector acceptance we used the standard CMS detector cuts. We present predictions for radiatively corrected differential cross section and forward-backward asymmetry at CMS LHC Run3 with energy

S

=
14

TeV.
Kinematics of proton and deuteron beam polarization in the transparent spin mode of the NICA collider
Authors: Kondratenko A M , Kondratenko M A , Kovalenko A D , Butenko A V , Shimanskiy S S , Syresin E M , Vinogradov S V , Filatov Yu N
Published: January 2020

For experiments with polarized protons and deuterons, the NICA collider is planned to be used in the transparent spin mode, which is provided by two solenoid snakes. The required direction of polarization in the SPD detector is set by “spin navigators”, which are insertions that rotate the spins at small angles. The polarization outside the SPD detector is determined by arc dipoles and the placement of snake solenoids in the collider. The kinematics of beam polarization is calculated when vertical, longitudinal or radial polarization is set in the SPD detector for different schemes of placement of snake solenoids. The results are relevant to solve the problems of injection and polarimetry for conducting experiments with polarized beams in the spin transparency mode.
Λ hyperon reconstruction at the BM@N experiment and prospects for polarization studies
Authors: Kapishin M , Pokatashkin G , Rufanov I , Suvarieva D , Vasendina V , Zinchenko A
Published: January 2020

The BM@N detector at Nuclotron has collected data with different beams (C, Ar, Kr) on different targets. Results of the data analysis on Λ hyperon production in interactions of the 4 GeV kinetic energy carbon beam with C, Al, Cu targets are presented. Plans for future running of the experiment and physics analyses are described including expectations for the Λ hyperon polarization studies on the basis of the Monte Carlo simulated event sample.
Kerr-Newman black hole as spinning particle
Authors: Burinskii Alexander
Published: January 2020

The Kerr-Newman Black Hole (BH) solution has many remarkable properties, which allow us to identify it with a model of the consistent with gravity electron. We consider regularized version of this solution, and show that it gives new important effect – the gravitationally induced Wilson line, which may play very important role in the physics of spin.
Emergent Spin and Duality of Time
Authors: Pestov Ivanhoe B.
Published: January 2020

A new approach to the solution of the well- known proton spin puzzle is formulated on the ground of the innovative concepts of Emergent Spin and natural Time introduced earlier.
Zitterbewegung in quantum mechanics of Proca particles
Authors: Silenko Alexander J.
Published: January 2020

Zitterbewegung of a massive Proca (spin-1) boson is analyzed. The equations of motion of a massive Proca particle in the Sakata-Taketani representation are equivalent to the corresponding equations for the Dirac particle. However, Zitterbewegung does not appear in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation. Zitterbewegung is not observable because the quantum-mechanical counterparts of the classical position and velocity are the position and velocity operators in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation and their transforms to other representations.
The effect of spatial disorder on the temperature dependence of charge carrier mobility in disordered organics
Authors: Burdakov Ya V , Nikitenko V R
Published: January 2020

The effective transport level is defined from the Monte-Carlo modelling in energetically and spatially disordered system, and the temperature dependence of the low-concentration and low-field mobility is calculated. The spatial disorder leads to the slight decreasing of the coefficient C in the temperature dependence, the same as decreasing of localization.
Kinetic test of a doped silicene-graphite anode element in a computer experiment
Authors: Galashev A Ye , Rakhmanova O R , Zaikov Yu P
Published: January 2020

The stability of the system “bi-layer silicene on the graphite substrate” is studied in the molecular dynamics simulation. Silicene sheets are doped with phosphorus, and graphite sheets are doped with nitrogen. Lithium ion moves along a silicene channel with a gap in the range of 0.6–0.8 nm. The time for the ion to pass the channel and leave it decreases with an increase in the channel gap. There is a tendency of the silicene sheets roughness growth with an increase in the gap between silicene sheets (except, 0.75 nm). Doping phosphorus and nitrogen atoms stabilize the silicene and graphite structure.
Effect of particle size on the formation of the composite structure in Ni-graphene system: atomistic simulation
Authors: Safina L R , Krylova K A
Published: January 2020

Fabrication of Ni-graphene composite with the nanoparticles of different sizes by hydrostatic pressure at 1500 K is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. The high specific surface area of crumpled graphene allow to fill its pores by metal nanoparticles and obtain composite structure at given conditions. It is observed, that temperature exceeding melting temperature of Ni nanoparticles but considerably lower than the melting temperature of graphene lead to better mixing of the structural elements. It is found, that one of the main factors in the composite fabrication is nanoparticle size. Bigger nanoparticles fully covered by graphene flakes even at high temperatures preserve its spherical shape and retard the obtaining of the composite structure. Nanoparticles of small and average size demonstrate the much better formation of the composite.
Formation of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond: tight-binding molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Smirnova M O
Published: January 2020

Molecular dynamics simulation of the vacancy diffusion in diamond and its interaction and merging with substituted nitrogen atom at different temperatures is presented. The activation energy was calculated from temperature dependence of the diffusion and merging rates. Presented data provides optimal temperature and duration of annealing for efficient formation of NV-centres with desired spatial localization. Simulation results are also useful for creating of solid structures for realization of quantum memory registers.
Observed earlier start of the growing season from middle to high latitudes across the Northern Hemisphere snow-covered landmass for the period 2001–2014
Authors: Chen Xiaona , Yang Yaping
Published: January 2020

Vegetation phenology in spring has received much attention for its importance to terrestrial ecosystem carbon exchange and climate–biosphere interactions studies. Through control on surface water and heat balance, snow cover largely impacts on spring vegetation phenology. However, under the background of global warming and rapid reduction of spring snow cover extent across the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the responses of spring vegetation phenology have not been well documented. Using two satellite-derived land cover dynamic datasets and 420 in situ vegetation phenology observations from five filed datasets, this study evaluated the accuracy of satellite-derived vegetation phenology datasets and explored the changes of start of the growing season (SOS) across the NH snow-covered landmass for the period 2001–2014. Compared with MEaSUREs VIPPHEN, the MODIS SOS maps displayed higher accuracy in capture the real SOS climatology by validating with in situ observations (R
2 = 0.67, bias = −3.99 d). Moreover, evidences from MODIS SOS maps pointed out that the SOS advanced by approximately 2.36 d in NH middle to high latitudes (43.5°N–70.0°N), but delayed by about 0.53 d in lower latitudes (33.0°N–43.5°N) from 2001 to 2014. The contrast SOS anomalies across the NH snow-covered landmass were further proved by changes in spring NDVI derived from GIMMS in the corresponding period. In addition, the observed changes in SOS were consistent with the spatiotemporal pattern of spring snow end date found in previous studies, indicating vegetation phenology changes should be taken into account in estimating the impacts of snow in climate–biosphere interactions studies.
Research on Transformation & Upgrade Path of the Zhejiang Hai-Gang Intelligent Home City under New Trend of Industry Development
Authors: Shen Yuyan , Qian Yan
Published: January 2020

The Zhejiang Hai-Gang Intelligent Home City is an influential home market in Haiyan County; the transforming and upgrading development idea is the result of active adapting to the structural reform of the supply side of the country, which can maximize the transformation and upgrading of the regional wholesale and retail industry, with the obvious demonstration significance. Based on the existing development speed and bottlenecks in the development process of The Zhejiang Hai-Gang Intelligent Home City, Home City and Market Management Co., Ltd still need to solve the following problems to adapt to the transformation and upgrading of the home market and expand the influence of home industry in north Zhejiang Province and Yangtze River Delta.