bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARCTIC POLAR VORTEX DYNAMICS ACCORDING TO THE DELINEATION METHOD USING GEOPOTENTIAL
Authors: ЗУЕВ В.В. , САВЕЛЬЕВА Е.С. , СИДОРОВСКИЙ Е.А.
Published: September 2024

Приводится сравнение основных характеристик арктического полярного вихря, полученных по данным GSFC NASA (средняя скорость зонального ветра на 60° с.ш., средняя температура в области 60-90° с.ш.) и методом оконтуривания вихрей с помощью геопотенциала (средняя скорость ветра по границе вихря, средняя температура внутри вихря), на примере трех крупнейших арктических озоновых аномалий и в среднем за 1979-2021 гг. Средняя скорость ветра по границе вихря согласно методу оконтуривания в среднем в два раза выше средней скорости зонального ветра на 60° с.ш. и составляет в январе 37,3 ± 5,6 и 58,9 ± 13,1 м/с на уровнях 50 и 10 гПа соответственно. Средняя температура внутри вихря, согласно методу оконтуривания, в целом на 5 °С ниже средней температуры в области 60-90° с.ш. в нижней стратосфере. Полученные количественные характеристики расширяют представление о динамике арктического полярного вихря в нижней стратосфере.

We compare the main characteristics of the Arctic polar vortex obtained from the NASA GSFC data (zonal mean wind at 60° N, mean temperature in the region 60-90° N) and by the vortex delineation method using geopotential (mean wind speed along the vortex edge, mean temperature inside the vortex) on the example of three largest Arctic ozone depletion events and on average over 1979-2021. The mean wind speed along the vortex edge according to the delineation method is on average two times higher than the zonal mean wind at 60° N and is 37.3 ± 5.6 and 58.9 ± 13.1 m/s in January at the 50 and 10 hPa levels, respectively. The mean temperature inside the vortex according to the delineation method is on average 5 °C lower than the mean temperature in the region 60-90° N in the lower stratosphere. The quantitative characteristics obtained expand the understanding of the Arctic polar vortex dynamics in the lower stratosphere.
INVESTIGATION OF THE TRANSFORMATION OF MODEL PETROLEUM RAW MATERIALS UNDER CRACKING CONDITIONS OVER A REGENERATED SPENT HYDROTREATMENT CATALYST
Authors: ДОКУЧАЕВ И.С. , МАКСИМОВ Н.М. , ТЫЩЕНКО В.А.
Published: September 2024

Исследованы физико-химические свойства и каталитическая активность регенерированного отработанного алюмокобальтмолибденового катализатора гидроочистки в условиях крекинга модельных систем "н-додекан - толуол" и "декалин - толуол - н-гексан". Серия экспериментов по исследованию каталитической активности образца проведена с использованием лабораторной установки проточного типа в диапазоне температур 430-470 °С, при давлении азота 1.6 МПа, объемной скорости подачи сырья 0.5-3.0 ч-1. Определены направления превращения парафиновых и нафтеновых углеводородов с использованием метода газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии. Парафиновые углеводороды вступают в реакции крекинга, изомеризации и уплотнения. Нафтеновые углеводороды превращаются с образованием продуктов изомеризации, дегидрирования и продуктов уплотнения. Наблюдается преимущественное дегидрирование декалина в исследуемой системе с образованием нафталина и водорода. Отмечена положительная роль водорода в термодеструктивных процессах переработки тяжелых нефтяных остатков благодаря протеканию реакций гидрирования нелинейных олефиновых углеводородов и интермедиатов ароматических углеводородов, снижающих скорость процесса коксообразования. Рассчитаны соответствующие константы скорости реакций и выполнен анализ полученных результатов. Сделаны выводы о перспективе внедрения регенерированного отработанного катализатора гидроочистки в термодеструктивные процессы переработки тяжелых нефтяных остатков.

The physicochemical properties and catalytic activity of regenerated spent aluminium-cobalt-molybdenum hydrotreatment catalyst have been investigated under cracking conditions in the model systems n-dodecane - toluene and decalin - toluene - n-hexane. A series of experiments to study the catalytic activity of the sample was carried out using a flow-type laboratory installation within the temperature range 430-470 °C, nitrogen pressure 1.6 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity 0.5-3.0 h-1. The directions of transformation were determined for paraffin and naphthenic hydrocarbons by means of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Paraffin hydrocarbons enter into cracking, isomerisation and compaction reactions. Naphthenic hydrocarbons are transformed into the products of isomerisation, dehydrogenation and compaction. Predominant dehydrogenation of decalin with the formation of naphthalene and hydrogen is observed in the system under investigation. A positive role of hydrogen in thermodestructive processing of heavy oil residues is observed due to the hydrogenation of nonlinear olefin hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbon intermediates, which decreases the rate of coke formation. The corresponding reaction rate constants were calculated, and the results were analysed. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of introducing a regenerated spent hydrotreatment catalyst into the procedure of thermodestructive processing of heavy oil residues.
SYNTHESIS AND INVESTIGATION OF SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOSTRUCTURED CO-PT SYSTEM
Authors: ЗАХАРОВ Н.С. , ТИХОНОВА И.Н. , ПОПОВА А.Н. , ЗАХАРОВ Ю.А. , ПУГАЧЕВ В.М. , ДОДОНОВ В.Г.
Published: September 2024

Методами рентгенофазового анализа (РФА), рентгеноструктурного анализа, просвечивающей электронной микроскопии (в том числе дифракции электронов (ДЭ)), термогравиметрии, малоуглового рентгеновского рассеяния (МУРР) и элементного анализа образцов изучены фазовые составы и морфология частиц наноструктурированной системы Co-Pt (впервые - в области, богатой Pt), полученной методом восстановления водных растворов прекурсоров гидразин гидратом. Методом РФА установлено, что при содержании Co в синтезированных образцах примерно до 60 ат. % определяется единственная фаза - гранецентрированная кубическая фаза (ГЦК-фаза) твердого раствора Co в Pt, верхний предел растворимости которой составляет 18±1 ат. %. При содержании Co в твердом растворе выше его предела растворимости при синтезе, наряду с ГЦК-фазой твердого раствора, образуется также фаза (фазы), не регистрируемая дифракционными методами. Наличие таких фаз подтверждено методом МУРР, причем их металлическая, а не оксидно-гидроксидная природа подтверждается результами РФА, ДЭ и термического анализа.

The phase compositions and particle morphology of nanostructured Co-Pt system, obtained by the reduction of aqueous solutions of precursors with hydrazine hydrate, have been studied (for the first time in the Pt-rich region) by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (coupled with electron diffraction (ED)), thermogravimetry, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis (SAXS) and elemental analysis of the samples. As determined by XRD, with Co content less than approximately 60 at%, the only phase is determined: the face-centred cubic ( fcc ) phase of the solid solution of Co in Pt, with the upper limit of Co solubility in Pt equal to 18±1 at%. For Co content in the solid solution higher than its solubility limit during the synthesis, diffraction-undetectable phase (phases) is also formed in addition to the fcc solid solution phase. The presence of such phases was confirmed by the results of SAXS, and their metal nature, rather than oxide-hydroxide one, was confirmed by XRD, ED, and thermal analysis.
COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON ELASTOMER, CO-ОLIGOMER AND BITUMEN
Authors: МАМЕДОВА А.А. , НАИБОВА Т.М. , АЛИЕВА А.А.
Published: September 2024

С целью значительного улучшения свойств и расширения областей применения фенолоформальдегидных олигомеров (ФФО) проведена химическая модификация ФФО и разработаны композиции на основе эластомера, соолигомера и битума. Фенолоформальдегидный олигомер модифицирован карбамидом методом сополиконденсации в щелочной среде. Изучены основные физико-химические, физико-механические и эксплуатационные показатели соолигомера. Полученный на первом этапе исследования соолигомер нового состава был использован в качестве связующего. На втором этапе исследования на основе эластомера, соолигомера и битума была разработана трехкомпонентная композиция, из которой получен композиционный материал. Показано, что он обладает хорошими защитными свойствами и может быть рекомендован для защиты от коррозии эксплуатируемого оборудования и установок в нефтегазодобывающей промышленности. Исследовано влияние количеств вводимых компонентов на основные характеристики полученной композиции. Показано, что введение в ФФО азотсодержащего модификатора (карбамида) снижает содержание свободного фенола и формальдегида, что важно как в экологическом аспекте, так и ввиду их вредного воздействия на организм человека.

Chemical modification of phenyl-formaldehyde oligomers (PFO) was carried out, and compositions based on elastomer, co-oligomer and bitumen were developed in order to achieve significant improvement of characteristics and expand the areas of PFO application. The phenol-formaldehyde oligomer was modified with carbamide by co-polycondensation in an alkaline medium. The basic physicochemical, physical-mechanical and performance characteristics of the co-oligomer were studied. The co-oligomer of the new composition, obtained at the first stage of the investigation, was used as a binder. At the second stage of investigation, a three-component composition was developed on the basis of elastomer, co-oligomer and bitumen, and a composite material was prepared. This material was shown to exhibit good protective properties, and it may be recommended to provide anti-corrosive protection of the equipment and installations in oil and gas mining industry. The effect of the amounts of introduced components on the major characteristics of the resulting composition was studied. It is shown that the introduction of a nitrogen-containing modifier (carbamide) into PFO causes a decrease in the content of free phenol and formaldehyde, which is important both from the environmental viewpoint and in relation to the hazardous action of these components on the human organism.
DEATH IN RUSSIA: EXPLORING THE WHAT, WHERE, AND HOW
Authors: ЛЕКСИН В.Н.
Published: September 2024

В статье предпринята попытка рассмотрения смерти как социального явления, в связи с чем статистические показатели смертности приводятся только для характеристики ее общероссийских, региональных и этнических масштабов, а основное внимание уделено социальным аспектам причин смерти с их условным разделением на болезни «плоти», «духа» и «общества». Среди последних особое внимание обращено на последствия нестабильности и противоречивости общероссийской ситуации и кризиса семейных отношений. Приведены факты устойчивой пространственной неоднородности распространения смертности и показано, что эти тенденции связаны не только с условиями жизни на тех или иных территориях, но и с этническим фактором, примером чего может служить опережающее вымирание русского населения. Отмечена выдающаяся роль отечественных географов в исследовании связи смертности с особенностями социально-экономических и иных параметров конкретных территорий (учение о геодемографии). Выделены причины и формы изменившегося отношения к смерти. Рассматриваемые вопросы тесно связаны со специфически российской проблематикой старения и старости, что предполагается изложить в следующей публикации.

The article attempts to explore death as a social phenomenon, where statistical indicators of mortality are provided only to describe their nationwide, regional, and ethnic scopes. Focusing on the social aspects of the causes of death, we divide them into the diseases of the flesh, diseases of the spirit, and diseases of society. Among the latter, highlighted is the impact of the unstable and inconsistent situation in Russia and the crisis of family relationships on mortality rates. We also present evidence of a steady variation in the spatial distribution of mortality, which can be attributed not only to living conditions in specific areas but also to ethnic factors, such as the outstripping decline of the Russian population. The article acknowledges the significant role of Russian geographers in the study of the relationship between mortality and specific socio-economic and other factors of different territories, i.e., the geodemographic doctrine. Furthermore, it discusses the causes and forms of the changing attitudes toward death. The covered topics are closely linked to the unique challenges associated with aging and old age in Russia, which will be brought to light in a subsequent publication.
ACADEMIC COOPERATION IN SIBERIA AND KAZAKHSTAN: BETWEEN THE PAST AND THE FUTURE
Authors: МАРКОВА В.Д. , САЛТЫКОВ Е.Т. , САРТБАЕВ М.М. , СЕЛИВЕРСТОВ В.Е.
Published: September 2024

В новой геополитической и экономической ситуации трансформация «восточного вектора» трансграничных взаимодействий и усиление интеграции со странами Центральной Азии становятся важными факторами развития России и стран Евразийского экономического союза. Здесь возрастает роль Сибири в реализации таких взаимодействий с акцентом на сотрудничество региональных научно-образовательных и инновационных экосистем. В статье рассматриваются потенциал трансграничного сотрудничества в сфере науки, технологий и подготовки высококвалифицированных кадров между динамично развивающейся Республикой Казахстан и г. Новосибирском, который становится главным научно-инновационным хабом евразийских трансграничных взаимодействий в Азиатской России, и возможные подходы к развитию этого сотрудничества. На примере формирования филиала Новосибирского государственного университета в г. Алматы и академгородка в г. Конаеве описаны шаги научно-технического и образовательного российско-казахстанского сотрудничества и их ожидаемые результаты.

In the new geopolitical and economic landscape, the transformation of cross-border relations and the strengthening of integration processes with Central Asian countries, particularly in the so-called “eastern vector, " hold significant importance for the development of Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. Within this context, Siberia’s role in fostering such interactions, with a specific focus on collaboration among regional scientific, educational, and innovation ecosystems, is increasingly vital. This article examines the potential of cross-border cooperation in science, technology, the training of highly skilled professionals, and various approaches to advancing such cooperation. Specifically, it focuses on the dynamic Republic of Kazakhstan and Novosibirsk, which has emerged as the primary scientific and innovative hub for Eurasian cross-border interactions in Asian Russia. By exploring the establishment of a branch of Novosibirsk State University and an Akademgorodok in the city of Konaev, Kazakhstan, the article illustrates the steps involved in Russian-Kazakh scientific, technological, and educational cooperation, as well as the expected outcomes of these collaborative efforts.
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT LEVELS ON MIGRATION DYNAMICS IN RUSSIAN REGIONS THROUGH PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS
Authors: НИЗАМУТДИНОВ М.М. , АХМЕТЗЯНОВА М.И.
Published: September 2024

Управление межрегиональными миграционными потоками является важным инструментом государственной политики в сфере социодемографического и экономического развития территориальных систем, обеспечения национальной безопасности страны в целом. В статье на примере одного из крупнейших по численности населения и объему миграционного обмена регионов РФ - Республики Башкортостан проанализированы основные тенденции, динамика и направленность межрегиональных миграционных потоков в России. С помощью методов статистического анализа данных выявлены основные факторы, определяющие зависимость базовых показателей социально-экономического развития регионов и пространственной мобильности населения, с применением методов кластерного анализа выполнена группировка регионов РФ по критерию миграционной привлекательности. Предложена схема расчета интегрального показателя миграционной привлекательности регионов РФ с использованием методов параметрического и кластерного анализа.

In the current context, effectively managing interregional migration flows is a vital tool for implementing state policies related to socio-demographic and economic development within territorial systems. This management also plays a significant role in ensuring national security. This article focuses on analyzing key trends, dynamics, and migration patterns within the Russian Federation, using the Republic of Bashkortostan, one of the country’s most populous regions with substantial migration activity, as a case study. By employing statistical data analysis methods, we identify the primary factors that underpin the relationship between key socio-economic indicators of regional development and the mobility of its residents. We propose a clustering approach to group Russian regions based on their attractiveness for migration. Finally, we present a framework for calculating an integrated measure of migration attractiveness among Russian regions using parametric and cluster analysis methods.
INTERREGIONAL LARGE-SCALE RAILWAY PROJECTS: ASSESSING THE COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF PROJECT ALTERNATIVES
Authors: БЫКАДОРОВ С.А. , КИБАЛОВ Е.Б.
Published: September 2024

В статье анализируются варианты крупномасштабных железнодорожных проектов Баренцкомура и Северосиба, обсуждение целесообразности сооружения которых имеет почти вековую историю. Неопределенность результатов названных широтных мегапроектов и затрат на их реализацию имеет для России значение стратегическое и в долгосрочной перспективе может повлиять на общественную результативность неоднозначно. В существующих методиках неопределенность связывают с той или иной степенью риска, и в обоснование проектировок предлагаются наборы мероприятий, минимизирующие риски (вероятностной и невероятностной природы). В настоящей статье представлен альтернативный подход, когда фактор неопределенности анализируется в аспекте открывающихся в будущем возможностей, т.е. конструктивно. Для решения возникающих здесь проблем применяется инструментарий неосистемного анализа по Я. Корнаи и Г.Б. Клейнеру, понимаемый как проектирование многоаспектного будущего с помощью целостной системы оценки крупномасштабных проектов при поддержке информационных и экспертных технологий. Показано, как набор отечественных программных продуктов, разработанных в ИЭОПП СО РАН и СГУПС Росжелдора, расширяет возможности экспертных технологий при разработке рекомендаций для лиц, принимающих сложные инвестиционные решения в условиях риска и неопределенности.

This article analyzes two large-scale railway projects, namely, Barentskomur and Severosib, both of which have been under discussion for nearly a century regarding their feasibility. The uncertainty surrounding the outcomes and costs of these north-south megaprojects holds significant strategic implications for Russia. Moreover, in the long run, it may exert an ambiguous impact on social performance. While existing methodologies associate uncertainty with varying degrees of risk and in justifying the design suggest a set of measures to mitigate these risks, both probabilistic and improbable, this article introduces an alternative perspective. Here, we examine the factor of uncertainty in terms of opportunities it presents for the future, adopting a constructive approach. To address the emerging challenges, we employ the tools of neo-system analysis as developed by J. Kornai and G. B. Kleiner. Neo-system analysis, in this context, refers to the creation of a multidimensional future using a comprehensive system for evaluating large-scale projects, supplemented by information and expert technologies. We demonstrate how a suite of domestic software products, originating from the Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering within the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Siberian Transport University, expands the capabilities of expert methodologies. These tools are invaluable for providing recommendations to decision-makers who deal with intricate investment decisions under conditions of risk and uncertainty.
ENERGY SECTOR IN EASTERN RUSSIA: REGIONAL FEATURES AND DECARBONIZATION
Authors: САНЕЕВ Б.Г. , СОКОЛОВ А.Д. , ИВАНОВА И.Ю. , КОРНЕЕВ А.Г. , ЛАЧКОВ Г.Г. , МАЙСЮК Е.П. , МУЗЫЧУК Р.И. , ПОПОВ С.П. , ТАКАЙШВИЛИ Л.Н.
Published: September 2024

Исследования развития энергетики восточных регионов России с учетом тенденций технологического развития ТЭК страны носят сложный и комплексный характер. В условиях новых вызовов, связанных с геополитической обстановкой и санкционным давлением на Россию, восточные регионы играют особую и важную роль. Выдвинутые мировым сообществом и поддержанные Правительством РФ требования по декарбонизации экономики вносят свои коррективы при оценке развития топливно-энергетического комплекса и входящих в него энергетических систем. В данной работе для выявления значимых факторов, влияющих на развитие территориально-производственной структуры ТЭК, на энергопотребление, на формирование транспортной инфраструктуры восточных регионов России, на экспорт энергоресурсов в страны Азиатско-Тихоокеанского региона, на эффективность энергоснабжения потребителей изолированных и труднодоступных территорий, выполнен анализ региональных особенностей функционирования систем энергетики востока РФ. В результате анализа выделено несколько категорий особенностей энергетических систем восточных регионов страны: социально-экономические, инфраструктурные, отраслевые, топливно-энергетического баланса, эколого-климатические. Все эти особенности взаимосвязаны и должны быть приняты во внимание при формировании сценариев развития энергетики с учетом перехода к низкоуглеродным технологиям.

Research on energy development in Eastern Russia, in light of the nation’s evolving energy sector technologies, is both multifaceted and intricate. Against the backdrop of new challenges driven by geopolitical dynamics and sanctions on Russia, the Eastern regions play a pivotal role. The global mandate for economic decarbonization, endorsed by the Russian government, necessitates a reevaluation of energy sector growth and its integral energy systems. This study examines regional features of energy systems in Eastern Russia to discern influential factors impacting territorial and production structures, energy consumption, transport infrastructure construction in the eastern part of the country, energy exports to Asia-Pacific nations, and the efficacy of energy distribution to isolated and remote areas. The analysis identifies several categories of regional energy system features in Eastern Russia, including socio-economic, infrastructural, sectoral, fuel and energy balance, and environmental-climatic aspects. These interconnected features must be considered when formulating energy development strategies, especially in the context of transitioning to low-carbon technologies.
STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL AND MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: НОВОСЕЛОВ А.С.
Published: September 2024

В статье исследуются проблемы стратегического планирования и управления социально-экономическим развитием регионов и муниципальных образований в новых реалиях, анализируются пространственные аспекты регионального развития. Выявлены актуальные организационные, институциональные, социально-экономические, финансовые и экономико-правовые проблемы стратегического планирования. Показано, что социально-экономическое развитие сопровождается высокой пространственной дифференциацией регионов и муниципальных образований, а стратегическое планирование, управление и институциональные механизмы недостаточно учитывают региональные особенности и особую роль пространственного фактора в обеспечении экономического роста. Обоснована необходимость системного подхода в региональном и муниципальном стратегическом планировании с целью повышения эффективности принимаемых управленческих решений. Рассмотрена эволюция подходов к стратегическому планированию в контексте усиления социально-экономических приоритетов в развитии государства. Проанализированы документы стратегического планирования, рассмотрены основные этапы формирования системы планово-прогнозных разработок в современной России. На основе обобщения опыта планово-прогнозной деятельности региональных и муниципальных органов власти предложены направления совершенствования регионального и муниципального планирования и управления, обеспечивающие повышение их эффективности.

This article delves into the challenges of strategic planning and management for the socio-economic development of regions and municipalities in the face of new realities. It also dissects the spatial aspects of regional development. We bring to light various pressing issues, spanning organizational, institutional, socio-economic, financial, and legal domains, that affect strategic planning. One notable finding is that socio-economic development exhibits substantial spatial disparities among regions and municipalities. It becomes evident that current strategic planning, management practices, and institutional mechanisms inadequately consider the unique characteristics of each region and the pivotal role that spatial factors play in driving economic growth. Our work advocates for the adoption of a systematic approach to regional and municipal strategic planning to enhance the efficacy of decision-making processes. It traces the evolution of strategic planning methodologies in tandem with the increasing socio-economic priorities shaping state development. Moreover, the article analyzes strategic planning documents and offers insights into the primary stages of building a contemporary planning and forecasting system in Russia. Drawing from the accumulated experience of planning and forecasting within regional and municipal administrations, we put forth recommendations aimed at improving regional and municipal planning and management, ultimately bolstering its efficiency.
Livestock and poultry waste compost as an amendment in medium for pumpkin seedlings
Authors: Meng Lili , Kamaruddin Mohamad Anuar , Yusoff Mohd Suffian , Bai Zongchun , Sun Qian
Published: September 2024

This research evaluated cow dung compost (CDC), goose dung compost (GDC), and duck dung compost (DDC) as peat addition in growing media used for the production of pumpkin seedlings. Commercial substrate (peat: vermiculite: perlite=3:1:1, v/v) was used as the control (CK). The partial addition in peat of each waste compost in the mixtures were 10%, 20%, and 30% (v/v). The results showed that all compost in mixtures increased bulk density, total porosity, electrical conductivity, and mineral content, but negatively affected the pH and organic matter of the growing media compared to CK. CDC in mixture increased ventilation porosity and gas-water ratio and decreased water-holding porosity compared to CK, which was the opposite of the effect of GDC and DDC. The mixtures elaborated with GDC showed better growth, biomass, gas exchange parameters, and physiological indicators of seedling plants than other treatments in varying degrees, which depended on the additional amount of GDC. DDC inhibited plant growth and gas exchange parameters, especially in high addition rate; however, it had a slight promotion effect on chlorophyll content and quality because DDC was rich in minerals. GDC was better than CDC and DDC as a partial addition for peat in the cultivation of pumpkin seedlings.
Performance of oriented strand board bonded with a hybrid phenol-formaldehyde/polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate adhesives system
Authors: Sari Rita Kartika , Fitrianum Fadilah , Kristak Lubos , Maulana Muhammad Iqbal , Antov Petar , Hidayat Wahyu , Iswanto Apri Heri , Lee Seng Hua , Lubis Muhammad Adly Rahandi
Published: September 2024

A hybrid adhesive system composed of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (pMDI), modified with two types of alkaline catalysts, namely NaOH and CaCO3 at 20% (w/v), was used for manufacturing the oriented strand board (OSB) from sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen) wood. The catalyst was added at a concentration of 1% of the solids content of PF adhesive, and pMDI was added at 2.5% and 5.0% of the PF adhesive solids content. Adding catalysts and cross-linking agents increased the solids content and viscosity of the adhesive and accelerated the gelation time. The water absorption of OSB increased with the addition of catalysts and crosslinking agents compared to the control PF. Still, the CaCO3 catalyst worked optimally in reducing the thickness swelling of OSB. The mechanical properties of the laboratory-fabricated OSB panels increased with the addition of catalyst and cross-linker, except for the modulus of elasticity parallel to the grain. The optimal performance of OSB was obtained by adding 1% CaCO3 and 2.5% pMDI based on the PF’s solids content.
Experimental calibration of parameters of discrete element model for ginkgo nut
Authors: Liu Minji , Wang Jiannan , You Zhaoyan , Wu Yanghua , Wang Ni , Xie Huanxiong
Published: September 2024

In order to ensure the reliability of the simulation test on the shelling process of ginkgo nuts, the physical parameters (characteristic dimensions, thousand grain mass, moisture content, density, Poisson’s ratio, elastic modulus, and shear modulus), contact parameters (restitution coefficient, static friction coefficient, and dynamic friction coefficient) and actual stacking angle of the ginkgo nuts were measured by physical test methods. A stacking angle test model was established, and simulation tests were performed. Parameter intervals for the simulation were selected according to the measured parameters. Three factors affecting the stacking angle significantly were determined using the Plackett–Burman test: static and dynamic friction coefficients of ginkgo nut–ginkgo nut and the restitution coefficient of the ginkgo nut–steel plate. Each factor’s range was selected using the steepest climbing test. A quadratic polynomial regression model of the stacking angle considering these factors was obtained using the Box–Behnken test. Taking the actual stacking angle of 39.59° as the optimization objective, the optimal combination was formed: the static and dynamic friction coefficients were 0.5 and 0.36, respectively, and the restitution coefficient was 0.42. This combination was used for the verification test. The stacking angle was found to be 41.12°. The relative error was 3.86%, indicating that the model is reliable and can provide a useful reference for relevant research.
The effects of personality and political affiliation on covid-19 conspiracy beliefs, perceived threat & belief in mitigation efforts
Authors: Nagurney Alexander , Mendoza Laura
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 revealed a plethora of public health failings, and left the world with questions of how to effectively protect the self and others. A contributing factor to this failure was misinformation and conspiracy theories. This study sought to investigate how political affiliation interacted with the personality traits of agency and communion when predicting belief in conspiracy theories, perceived threat from the pandemic, and the efficacy of mitigation efforts during the pandemic. Participants (n =448) were widely recruited to be representative of the general population. Results generally indicated that those who identified as Republican tended to believe more in conspiracy theories, perceive that the pandemic posed less of a threat, and that mitigation efforts were less useful than their Democrat counterparts. Agency and communion interacted to predict conspiracy beliefs and perceived threat for Republicans but not for Democrats. Implications of these results are discussed.
Popular science commentary: the cosmo universe we know since the big bang
Authors: H Szu Harold
Published: September 2024

Introduction: German physicist Alexander Friedmann1 observed the existence of singularity of Albert Einstein Field Equations of General Relativity. That gave a clue of our universe the cosmology.
Oleksandr Dovzhenko’s Cinematic Novels within the Dramatization of Prose in the 20th Century
Authors: Yudkin-Ripun Ihor
Published: September 2024

The emergence of cinematic novel created by O. Dovzhenko has become one of the chief achievements of Ukrainian culture in the 20th century. The demand for such innovation has been conditioned with the particular place of cinema as an alternative to theatre where the past could be represented at screen in the manner of epic and not dramatic literature. The organic unity of the features of a script and a novel has demonstrated new peculiarities and opportunities of narration. First of all, cinematic novel belongs to the general literary trend of the stream of consciousness that comes back to theatrical soliloquy and builds up a parallel to monodrama. In particular, plot as the determination of events yields to imaginary forces of subjective nature. The comparative research of O. Dovzhenko’s heritage with that of V. Woolf is substantiated with this circumstance. Secondly, it is the so called telegraph style that marks both scripts and cinematic novels coming back still to rhetoric devices of parcellation. The autonomous existence of separate things within cinematic context is presupposed with the effect of alienation ensuing from the phantoms of imagination. Textual dissociation into a series of visions of separate things results in the transformation of linear temporal succession of events into spatial corporeal images marked with multidimensionality. Third, the composition of cinematic novels as well as of other specimens of the stream of consciousness is marked with the traits of spiral narration. The new motivational forces discovered in cinema procured new opportunities for the traditional dramatic problem of fatal predetermination. The formation of cinematic novel has elucidated new interrelation between screen and scene and outlined new perspectives in their interaction.
Oleksandr Ivakhnenko and Oleksandr Danchenko are the Illustrators of Oleksandr Dovzhenko
Authors: Lamonova Oksana
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the illustrations of the prominent Ukrainian graphic artists Oleksandr Ivakhnenko and Oleksandr Danchenko for the prose of Oleksandr Dovzhenko, as well as the issue of the existence of auto-illustrations by the filmmaker himself. Oleksandr Dovzhenko (also known as Alexander Dovzhenko) is not only a world-renowned filmmaker but also an outstanding artist – a painter and a graphic artist. Besides his painted portraits and thematic paintings, graphic caricatures, cartoons, and portraits, his drawings for films («Arsenal» – late 1920s, «Shchors» – late 1930s, «Michurin» – 1940s, «Poem on the Sea» – 1950s) are well-known. However, the topic “O. Dovzhenko is the Illustrator of His Own Literary Works” has hardly been explored by researchers of the master’s heritage, although the drawing Little Sashko which is both a portrait of the author in childhood and an image of the hero of the film story The Enchanted Desna, inspires further archival search in the filmmaker archives. V. Yevdokymenko (1967), M. Kompanets (1973), V. Yefymenko (1976), T. Kushch (2006), and others are among the illustrators of O. Dovzhenko’s prose. Oleksandr Ivakhnenko’s etchings for the film story The Enchanted Desna (1975–1976) have become a notable phenomenon in Ukrainian graphics during the period of the so-called “silent protest” (the 1970s–1980s). Having chosen a favourite graphic technique of that period, the artist, however, remained indifferent to the extremely popular “de-booking” technique of the 1970s–1980s. The Enchanted Desna is a book that is well-thought-out and coherent. In terms of space, the illustrations occupy as much space on the page as the printed text, and in shape, they are very elongated horizontally, thus creating a kind of pictorial “film strip”, logical and natural for a “film story”. Oleksandr Danchenko’s cycle of etchings for the collection of stories Unforgettable. 1941–1943 (1980) is another example. The artist has addressed frequently the theme of World War II tragedy (Koriukivka. March 1, 1943 (1971), Adzhimushkai (1985), a cycle of illustrations for O. Honchar’s novel Standard-Bearers (1989)). At the same time, his illustrations for O. Dovzhenko’s stories are internally connected with O. Danchenko’s series The Liberation War of the Ukrainian People of 1648–1654 (1954) and Chornobyl (1988–1990), as well as with the etchings for Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy (1990–1992). All these works are based on the combination of documentary with epic, where elevation and poeticism arise precisely as a result of such a combination. The construction of the illustration as a frame, sometimes even a freeze-frame, is an artistic tribute to the creativity of the outstanding filmmaker.
Everyday Dishes from Corn Flour and Groats in the Nutrition of Ukrainians of East Podolian Prydnistrovia in the Late 19th – Early 21st Centuries
Authors: Holovko Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of an integral component of the traditional daily ration of Ukrainians of East PodolianPrydnistrovia – dishes from corn flour and grits, known as a mandatory food for every day during the late 19th – mid 20th centuries, and some of them (for food variety) are still cooked. The work is based on the analysis of ethnographic works, published sources and the corpus of own field materials (interviews with respondents), recorded during the expeditions to the border settlements of Vinnytsia and the north of Odesa regions in 2013–2016. The author is describing the features of cooking the most common corn products – mamalyha and malai. The gastronomic difficulties of life support under extreme circumstances are considered partially. In particular, attention is focused on the consumption in the region of baderevka and badevka, those are rather modest in terms of nutrition boiled liquid soups with corn flour, and which saved Ukrainians during the difficult times of the post-war famine of 1946–1947. The materials of the conducted research have made it possible to confirm the generalizations of ethnologists-researchers of the Ukrainian-Moldovan borderlands and our preliminary conclusions (based on the study of other components of the life-support system) that in the space of the ethno-contact zone (in particular, in the Transdnistrian territories of Eastern Podillia) a typical ethno-specific food complex partially loses its differentiating function and acquires a special format that combines similar or jointly created ethnocultural practices of both Ukrainians and Moldovans. The analysis of the author’s expedition materials, in addition to the factual disclosure of the subject, also serves as a basis for the spatial characterization of the names and realities of this block of ethnoculture, visualized with the help of a special map scheme introduced into scientific circulation. The concluding remarks outline the prospects for implementing the results for modern cultural preservation practices, primarily in the Vinnytsia and Odesa regions.
Church Goldsmithing as a Phenomenon of Ukrainian Culture of the 17th – 18th Centuries
Authors: Kostiuchenko Kateryna
Published: September 2024

The activities of such Kyiv goldsmiths as Ivan Ravych, V. Moshchenko, Matvii Narunovych, Fedir Levytskyi is described in the article in the culturological aspect. The elements of Ukrainian culture, which can be observed on the jewelry of church use of the 17th – 18th centuries are distinguished in the course of the work. The authoress has defined the style in which Kyiv masters of the studied period have worked. It is worth noting that the investigation of the culturological phenomenon is not possible without the artistic aspect, since art is a part of culture, so a review of church jewelry also from an artistic point of view, however, with the selection of features of Ukrainian culture is used in the study. The vestments for the icon of the Dehtiarivska Mother of God, vestments of 1738, made by V. Moshchenko, chalice and trays for candlesticks by Matvii Narunovych are also considered in the study in detail. It is proposed to research carefully the work of Ivan Ravych, Matvii Narunovych and Fedir Levytskyi in the future. The most important features of Ukrainian culture of the 17th – 18th centuries, manifested in jewelry, are distinguished in the studies. The technical methods used by Ukrainian goldsmiths at that time are indicated. The purpose of the article consists not only in the description of Ukrainian culture in the light of precious church utensils, but also in the distinguishing its elements specifically on church jewelry in order to demonstrate that church goldsmithing is the Ukrainian cultural phenomenon. However, it is worth remembering that the topic needs further detailed research. Only a small part of the signs of Ukrainian culture is indicated in the work because of the lack of a full-fledged source base of the investigation. The authoress is leaving further disclosure of the topic to future scientists. The work will be useful for researchers, postgraduate students, as well as for those who are simply interested in the jewelry business of Ukraine. The information provided in the article can be used in future research on church jewelry and jewelry in general.
Effectiveness of Direct Admission Compared to Admission Through the Emergency Department: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Leyenaar JoAnna K. , Acquilano Stephanie C. , Freyleue Seneca D. , Schaefer Andrew P. , McDaniel Corrie E. , Bode Ryan S. , Erdem Guliz , Lauden Stephanie , Schmerge Christine , Choi Sylvia S. , Felman Kristyn , Fleischer Allison , Houtrow Amy J. , Bruce Martha L. , O’Malley A. James
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Direct admission (DA) to hospital can reduce emergency department (ED) utilization by bypassing the ED during the admission process. We implemented a DA program across 3 health systems and compared timeliness of care, family experience of care, and post-admission clinical deterioration among children admitted via DA versus the ED after their clinic was randomized to begin the DA program.

METHODS

Using a stepped-wedge design, 69 primary and urgent care clinics were randomized to 1 of 4 time points to begin a voluntary DA program, February 1, 2020 to April 30, 2023. Outcomes in children <18 years admitted with 7 common medical diagnoses were compared using adjusted logistic or linear regression.

RESULTS

A total of 2599 children were admitted with eligible diagnoses during the study period , including 145 children admitted directly and 1852 admitted through EDs after program implementation at their clinic. Median age was 2.8 (interquartile range: 1.1–6.8) years, 994 (49.8%) were female, and 1324 (66.3%) were Medicaid-insured. Adjusted regression analyses showed that if each child was admitted via DA versus the ED, average time to initial clinical assessment was 3.1 minute (95% confidence interval: 1.7–4.5) slower, whereas time to initial therapeutic management was 49.6 minutes faster on average (95% confidence interval: 30.3.2–68.9). There were no significant differences in time to initial diagnostic testing or rates of post-admission clinical deterioration.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with ED admission, DA appears equally safe and acceptable to families, and may be associated with a significantly shorter time to initial therapeutic management with modestly longer time to initial clinical assessment.
Evaluation of abundance and composition of Culicoides species in different areas of Albania
Authors: Sulçe M. , Muça G. , Kadriaj P. , Velo E. , Koni A. , Margariti K. , Zalla P. , Koleci X.
Published: September 2024

Culicoides are responsible for a number of diseases transmitted to the animals causing severe health conditions and great economic losses. The outbreak of bluetongue virus in Albania in 2014 and lumpy skin disease in 2016 strongly indicated the establishment of a sentinel herd surveillance in the country ruminant farms. Considering all evidence for Albania, investigation of species composition and abundance of Culicoides on livestock farms was performed in 10 sentinel sites. Ultraviolet-light traps (OVI-traps) were placed in selected sites for collection of Culicoides starting from April 15 to July 30, 2021. A total of 37,111 Culicoides midges from 18 different species were collected during the investigation. The most abundant species identified were C. newsteadi and C. obsoletus. Moreover, three species were described for the first time in Albania (C. collessi, C. chiopterus and C. immaculatus). Presence and abundance of the collected Culicoides spp. are associated with potential outbreak of diseases (i.e. bluetongue, ephemeral fever) linked with their transmission from Culicoides.
Secondary type 1 abomasal ulcer in cattle and buffalo: A necropsy based case control study
Authors: Hussain S. A. , Uppal S. K. , Sood N. K.
Published: September 2024

This prospective study describes the occurrence, morphology and localisation of type 1 abomasal ulcers (AU1) in various diseases of buffaloes and cattle. The carcasses were examined to confirm the cause of death. The abomasa were examined for AU1 and their characteristics. The AU1 were categorised into four subtypes, 1a, 1b, 1c and 1d, as per standard procedure. Traumatic reticuloperitonitis/pericarditis, reticular diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal obstruction, peritonitis, bronchopneumonia and theileriosis were the common causes for AU1. The overall prevalence of AU1 was 62.9%, which did not differ significantly with species and age. The prevalence of acute ulcers (1a and 1b) was significantly higher than that of chronic ulcers (1c and 1d). Most AU1 were located in the caudal third of abomasal body on parietal surface along the greater curvature. Most of the 1a ulcers were located in the pylorus, while 1b, 1c and 1d were located in the abomasal body. The overall prevalence of AU1 was lower (P<0.05) in the fundus than in other anatomical regions of the abomasum. Type 1b ulcers were more numerous than other subtypes. It was concluded that AU1 may be an important cause of slow recovery/poor prognosis under clinical situations and hence, the therapy protocol for such cases should include treatment for probable gastrointestinal bleeding.
Molecular identification of Sarcocystis cruzi isolated from Iranian buffaloes in Guilan province
Authors: Dameshghi F. , Shirali S. , Shayan P. , Shemshadi B.
Published: September 2024

Sarcocystis species are prevalent in Iran and have economic and public health consequences on animals and humans. The present study aimed at molecular identification of Sarcocystis spp. isolated from Iranian buffaloes in Guilan province based on 18s ribosomal RNA (18s rRNA) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (Cox1) sequences. For this purpose, a total of 100 buffalo carcasses were sampled from four tissues (oesophagus, diaphragm, shoulder, thigh), and assessed microscopically for sarcocysts. Samples were suspected of being infected with Sarcocystis spp. according to morphological evaluation. Amplification of 18s rRNA and Cox1 sequences were performed from DNA extracted from any detected Sarcocystis. The phylogenetic tree was plotted by Neighbor-Jinning (NJ) phylograms. Phylogenetic analysis of 18s rRNA and Cox1 genes showed no differences between Sarcocystis isolates of the same species and a low level of genetic variability was found among isolates and other Sarcocystis cruzi sequences. S. cruzi was identified as the species of Iranian buffalo in the Guilan province of Iran. This is the first study of the Cox1 gene and 18s rRNA sequences to confirm the presence of S. cruzi in Iranian buffaloes.
Feline gastric adenocarcinoma – a clinical case
Authors: Simeonov R. , Krastev S. , Hristov Ts.
Published: September 2024

Gastric adenocarcinomas are encountered exceptionally infrequently in cats. Some studies have claimed a predisposition in Siameses, while others affirm no relation to the breed. In veterinary literature, only few cases of feline gastric adenocarcinoma (FGA) are reported, which accounts for about 1% of all feline gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. The present case report describes a clinical case of FGA. The clinical signs, blood morphology and biochemistry, ultrasound and histopathological findings are presented. This is the first report of FGA from Bulgaria.