bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Voltammetric studies of some azo compounds derived from 4-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy coumarin in microemulsion and aqueous media
Authors: Hazazi Omar A. , El-Sayed Refat , Mabrouk El-Sayed. M.
Published: May 2018

The cyclic voltammetric(CV) behavior of some azo compounds based on coumarin derivatives  was investigated in microemulsion systems and in aqueous solutions. The obtained results indicated that these compounds undergo an irreversible 4-electron reduction step leading to cleavage of the N=N center with the formation of amine compounds in all media. The effect of medium on the CV parameters was discussed. The total number of electrons involved in the reduction process was determined by controlled potential coulometry. Also, The effect of substituents on the electrode reaction pathway and the kinetic parameters of the electrode process were calculated and discussed. Based on the data obtained the electroreduction mechanism was suggested and discussed.
Mechanism of Electron Transfer Reaction of Cr(III) Iminodiacetate Ternary Complex Involving Malonate with N-Bromosuccinimide
Authors: Hassan H.M. , Abdel-Khalek A.A. , Abo-Elhana S.H.
Published: May 2018

The kinetics of oxidation of the chromium (III) complexes, [CrIII(IDA)(Ma)(H2O)]- [IDA=iminodiacetate, Ma=malonic] by N-bromosuccinimide in aqueous solution to yield chromium(IV) has been studied spectrometrically at 25-45°C. The reaction rate increased gradually with increasing pH in the range of (5.75–6.86). The reaction proceeds by one first- order pathway in each reactant. Conformation of the formation of the ternary complex has been done using IR spectrum, TGA, uv-visible spectroscopic and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Thermodynamic activation parameters have been calculated. It is proposed that electron transfer proceeds through an inner- sphere mechanism via coordination of NBS to chromium(III). A common mechanism for this reaction is proposed and supported by an excellent isokinetic relationship between ∆H* and ∆S* values for some ternary chromium(III) complexes.
Food shortage in Zimbabwe: Can wild cereal grains be an alternative source of nutrition?
Authors: Chitindingu K. , Benhura M.A.N , Muchuweti M.
Published: May 2018

Cereals are used as staple food in most countries all over the world including Zimbabwe. Unfortunately, poor rainfall patterns have hampered the production of traditional cereals like maize and wheat leading to poverty especially in third world countries. Five wild cereal grains namely; Amaranthus hybridus, Brachiaria brizantha, Panicum maximum, Rottiboellea cochinchinensis and Sorghum arundinaceum were studied to determine their nutritional value because of their drought tolerance. Two domesticated cereals were used for comparison. The macro nutrients determined were proteins, carbohydrates, fats and minerals. Amaranthus hybridus, a wild cereal, had the highest protein and fat content of 21.44% and 11.50% respectively, compared to all the other cereal grains.  Brachiaria brizantha had the highest fibre content of 30.34% while the red variety of Sorghum bicolor had the least fibre content of 2.51%. Phosphorus was detected in all the cereal grains studied. Calcium was detected in all the cereal grains except in red variety of Sorghum bicolor. The nutritional composition of the cereal grains makes them potential alternative food sources.
Nanoreactor Effect in Bifunctional Cation Exchangers Based on Cis-Metacyclophanoctol
Authors: Altshuler Heinrich , Altshuler Olga
Published: May 2018

The nanoreactor effect consisting in sufficiently high rate increase of a cation diffusion flux in bifunctional cation exchangers based on cis-metacyclophanoctol  has been found. The solutions of the fundamental differential equation of cation diffusion in bifunctional cation exchangers containing sulfonic acid and phenol ionogenic groups by means of the spherical layer and plane sheet models are presented for a variety of initial and boundary conditions with constant diffu-sion coefficient.
Impedance spectroscopy, electrical relaxation and Ac conductivity studies of organic-inorganic hybrid compound: NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4
Authors: Wamani W. , Hannachi N. , Mhiri T. , Belhouchet M.
Published: May 2018

Organic–inorganic hybrid sample NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4 was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA analysis and electrical impedance spectroscopy. DSC studies indicated the presence of a one-phase transition at 391 K. As for the ac conductivity of the compound NH3(C6H4)2NH3HgCl4, it has been measured in the temperature range of 358 - 413K and the frequency range of 209 Hz–5 MHz. Concerning the Z’ and Z’’ versus frequency plots, they were well-fitted to an equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit is composed of a series of combination of two parallel (R//CPE) circuits. Besides, the frequency dependence of the conductivity was interpreted in terms of Jonscher's law σ(ω) = σdc +A ωn.  As regards the conductivity, it follows the Arrhenius relation. The variation of the value of the conductivity with temperatures confirmed the availability of the phase transition at 391K detected by DSC and electrical measurements.
Adsorption of Polyethylene-Glycols by Nanosized Iron Oxides Particles in Iron Oxides/Polyethylene-Glycol/Water/ Dispersions
Authors: Masimov E.A. , Ismailov E.H. , Farajov C. R.
Published: May 2018

The successful application of dynamic light scattering and electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique to control the formation of nanosized particles of iron oxides  in iron oxides containing aqueous polyethylene-glycol  dispersions is shown. The formation of  the pegylated  iron oxides particles with  superparamagnetic properties in this system is established.
Determination of Trace Amount of Cadmium in Real Water And Baby Food Samples By Microinjection Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry After Cloud Point Extraction Using Selective Synthesis Ligand
Authors: Ansar Khameneh Farnaz , Baghdadi Majid , Khoshhesab Zahra Monsef
Published: May 2018

A cloud point extraction procedure was used for preconcentration and determination of trace amount of cadmium ion in real water and baby food samples by microinjection flame atomic absorption spectrometry and with using new synthesis dithiocarbamate ligand. The method is based on cloud point extraction of cadmium using triton X-114 as nonionic surfactant. A certain amount of ligand (Complexing Agent) and surfactant was added to samples and after pH adjustment; the sample was heated in a water bath. A hydrophobic complex was formed between cadmium and [N-(2-phenylethyl) dithiocarbamate] ligand and followed by its extraction into triton X-114 surfactant-rich phase.The surfactant-rich phase was diluted with suitable solvent and was separated with using centrifugation, and then measurements were performed with a micro-injection flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Extraction conditions such as pH, amount of Ligand (Complexing Agent) and Surfactant, equilibrium temperature and time, diluent volume and type were optimized. Also ionic strength effect and limit of interferences were studied. Under the optimum conditions, the limit of detection (3Sb/m) of 0.2 µg L-1, an enhancement factor of 116 and the relative standard deviation (5 µg L-1, n=5) of 4.5% were obtained. The calibration curve was linear for the concentration range of 0.5 to 20 µg L-1 with correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The proposed method was applied to determination of cadmium ion in water samples including tap water, mineral water, river water and sea water also baby food samples including infant formula powder (milk-based) and infant cereal Powder (wheat and milk-based).
Thermal decomposition of cobalt(III), nickel(II), copper(II), palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of N-allyl-N'-(4'-methylthiazol)-2ylthiourea
Authors: Yarkandi Naeema H. M.
Published: May 2018

Thermal decomposition of Co(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Pd(II), and Pt(II) complexes of N-allyl-N'-(4'-methylthiazol)-2ylthiourea (AllMeTzTu), HL, have been studied by TG, DTG, and DTA curves. The complexes have the molecular formulae as CoL3.H2O, [Cu(HL)Cl2]0.5H2O and [CuL2(H2O)2]  a square for ML2 (M = NiII, PdII and PtII), and [Pd(HL)Cl2]. The TG curves show that the four-coordinate complexes decompose in two stages to yield a free metal  ,with exception  [Pd(HL)Cl2] which gives PdS, as a residue, while the two six-coordinate complexes CoL3.H2O, and [CuL2(H2O)2]  decompose in three stages to yield Co and Cu residues. The initial mass losses correspond to elimination of allylamine radical for all complexes in the same temperature range; and with MeTz when the temperature range extended beyond that range of the first stage  for Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes. Kinetic parameters (E#, n, ΔH#, ΔS#, ΔG#) of the decomposition stages are determined and correlated with bonding and structural properties of the complexes.
Measurement Natural Radioactivity in Soil Samples from Important historical locals in Alnajaf Alashraf city, Iraq.
Authors: Majeed Heiyam N. , Hasan Ali K. , Hamad Hussein J.
Published: May 2018

Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf city one of the most important ,oldest, historical and religious cities in Iraqi country which includes hundreds of holy shrines and historical mosques which over the built hundreds of years. The natural radiation of  forty two  samples of soil which collected randomly in June  2013 from different religious and historical places were  measured using  3"×3" Na(Tl) detection. The mean values activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K  was ( 23.59±4.37, 12.10±0.54 and 60.68±2.30) Bq kg-1  respectively , specific activity for all soil sample were in the worldwide average. The  average values of the Radium equivalent activity and  annual effective dose  were (22.455 Bq/kg and 25.375 μSv/y) less than the world average .The heist  external and internal hazard and gamma activity concentration index were (0.274 , 0.412 and 0.705) lower than unity.
Crystal structure and phase transition in the compound [C6H17N3]TlCl5.2H2O
Authors: Khili Hiba , Chaari Najla , Koumina Abdelaziz , Chaabouni Slaheddine
Published: May 2018

The title compound 1-(2-ammonium-ethyl) piperaziniumpentachlorothallate (III) dihydrate crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group Cm. The unit cell dimensions are: a = 12.786(5), b = 12.021(5), c = 10.566(5) Å, β = 93.469(5) °, with Z = 4. Its crystal structure was determined and refined down to R = 0.045. The structure of this compound consists of 1-(2-ammonium-éthyl) pipéraziniumcations and [Tl2Cl10]4- dimers. The arylammoniumcations are located between anions and connected to the halogen atoms by N-H…Cl hydrogen bonds. One phase transition at T = 320 K is detected and studied by differential scanning calorimetry, dielectric and impedance spectroscopy measurements. The evolution of the dielectric constant and dissipation factor as a function of temperature revealed the transition characterized by a strong jump in the conductivity plot.
Beneficial effects of Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum L) added in the diet of diabetic rats
Authors: Hfaiedh Najla , Dhibi Sabah , Mbarki Sakria , Murat Jean-Claude , Elfeki Abdel Fattah
Published: May 2018

Protective effects of Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum L), added in the diet, upon oxidative stress and dysfunctions in kidney, thyroid and liver of alloxan-diabetic rats were investigated.In our study, the alloxan-induced diabetes triggered 1) increased levels of glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides in blood, 2) increased activities of alkaline phosphatase and transaminases in blood, 3) increased levels of creatinine, urea and protein in blood, 4) a decreased level of TSH and an increased level of free thyroxin in plasma.In addition, an oxidative stress, evidenced by an increase of lipids peroxidation level and superoxide dismutase activity associated with a decrease of glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in hepatic and renal tissues, was observed.When Fenugreek seeds powder (100g/kg) was added in the food for 30 days, all this parameters were significantly shifted to more normal values.In conclusion, fenugreek seeds powder displays beneficial effects upon hepatotoxicity, nephropathy, thyroid dysfunction and oxidative stress in alloxan-diabetic rats. This property could be attributed to the presence of antioxidant components, such as complex polysaccharides and phenolic acids, as confirmed by analyses.
Inhibitive properties of Carica papaya leaf extract on Aluminium in 1.85M HCl
Authors: K.O. Ajanaku , O. Aladesuyi , W.U. Anake , A. Edobor-Osoh , C.O. Ajanaku , T.O. Siyanbola , A.A. Akinsiku
Published: May 2018

The inhibition of aluminium metal corrosion in 1.85 M hydrochloric acid solution using extract of Carica papaya leaf was studied using gasometric technique. Aluminium coupons were immersed in test solutions of un-inhibited 1.85 M HCl and those containing extract concentrations of 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 % and 50 % (v/v) at room temperature. The volume of hydrogen gas evolved as a result of the rate of reaction between aluminium coupons and the acid extracts was recorded. The inhibition efficiency of the extract was determined and the adsorption isotherm of the process was estimated using Temkin, Freundlich, Frumkin and Langmuir adsorption theories. The microstructure examination was also determined. The result of the investigation induced that the Carica papaya  leaf extract retarded the acid induced corrosion of aluminium with a reduction in the volume of hydrogen gas evolved per increasing extract concentrations. The adsorption studies revealed Langmuir isotherm as the best model for the adsorption of Carica papaya extract (R2 =1) on aluminium surface. The adsorption result with the microstructure of the coupons implied an involvement of chemisorption process in the interaction of the extract with aluminium metal.
Quantification of Berberine in different Berberis Species and their Commercial Samples from Herbal Drug Markets of India through HPTLC
Authors: Srivastava Sharad , Rawat AKS
Published: May 2018

A simple, precise, and convenient HPTLC method has been established for the analysis of Berberine, the major marker compound extracted from the root and stem of different Berberis species and their commercial samples in the name of Daruharidra. Chromatography was performed on silica gel 60F254 plates with n-propanol:water:formic acid (90:8.0:0.4) as mobile phase. Detection and quantification were performed densitometrically at λmax = 360 nm with berberine as external standard. The method is characterized by high sensitivity and linearity over wide range of concentrations. Berberine concentration in different species and their commercial counterpart were calculated. This will be utilized by pharmaceutical industries for the bioprospection of allied Berberis species for commercial exploitation and batch to batch consistency of raw materials.
Corrosion Behaviour of Metals in Artificial Tear Solution
Authors: Kumar C. , Raj A. John Amal , Selvaraj S.K.
Published: May 2018

Human tear comes in contact with a number of instruments during operation in the eyes.  This results in a variety of undesirable effects such as corrosion and malfunction.  Corrosion behaviour of five metals, namely, mild steel (MS), mild steel coated with zinc (MS-Zn), Ni-Cr, Ni-Ti super elastic (Ni-Ti.SE), and SS 316 L in artificial tear solution has been studied by polarization study and AC impedance spectra.  The study reveals that the decreasing order of corrosion resistance in artificial tear solution is : Ni-Ti SE > Ni-Cr > SS 316 L > MS-Zn > MS.  The first three metals are better candidates and the first one is the best candidate for making instruments used in operation in the eyes, in presence of tears.
Effect of Trifluoromethyl Substitution on C-3 Position in 1H NMR of Quinolones / Coumarins
Authors: Gupta Anjali , Gupta Rajinder K.
Published: May 2018

The structural assignment of differently substituted quinolones / coumarins was reviewed using 1H NMR spectral data. In case of quinolones / coumarins, with varied substitutions at C-4 and different positions of the benzenoid ring, there is a great variation in the 1H NMR value of the proton only attached with C-3. It was observed that when different substitutions (methyl / amino / hydroxy / acetoxy / trifluoromethyl) were carried out at C-4 position, maximum deshielding with the proton attached with C-3 was observed with trifluoromethyl substitution. The observation is same even with the variation in different groups at the benzenoid ring.
Clinical Utility of Melatonin in Fibromyalgia Diagnosis
Authors: Yousef Ali M. El-Sayed , El-Rahman Sherry K. Abd , EL-Mezayen Hatem A. , Amer (PhD) Eman R. , Sabry Shimaa , Abdel-Malak Camelia A.
Published: May 2018

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease with an unknown etiology, which is characterized by reduced pain threshold (hyperallgesia) & pain with normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia).This diffuse pain is often disease associated  with wide range of  other symptoms including fatigue, sleep disturbance, stiffness& more.FMS often occur concomitantly  with other rheumatologic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA), systemic lupus erthymatosus(SLE).       The pineal hormone melatonin (MT) exerts a variety of effects on the immune system. MT activates immune cells and enhances inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production.Methods: We were studied 75 subjects, 55 of subjects were FMS patients defined by the American Colleague of Rheumatology (ACR 2010) criteria. Patients' mean age was 32.5 ± 13.9 years. They were classified into two groups: Group I of 25  primary FMS patients . Group II of 30 secondary FMS patients with other rheumatologic disease such as RA, SLE. Twenty age and sex matched healthy individuals were included in the study as a control group.Results:Mean Melatonin titers were significantly reduced (p<0.0001) in primary FMs patients compared to the controls (21.32vs. 30.9 pg/ml), but they were significantly elevated (p<0.0001) in secondary FMS compared to controls (138.1vs.30.9 pg/ml). Our data imposed that, in 1ry FMS there were negative correlations of MT titers with tender points (r=-0.848**,p<0.0001), sleep disturbance(r=-0.963**, p< 0.0001**), Fatigue (r= -0.972**, p<0.001**), WPI (r= -0,953 **, p<0.0001) and SS (r=-0.901**, p< 0.0001). Conclusions:In primary FMS patients melatonin level is lower than melatonin level in control, but MT level is high in secondary FMS patients. There was a negative correlation between MT with tender points, sleep disturbance, fatigue, SS & WPI. But there was a positive correlation between MT & cognitive symptoms.
Cytotoxic Activity of Secondary Metabolites from the Bark of Dipterocarpus Confertus Sloot
Authors: Muhtadi Muhtadi , Indrayudha Peni , Wibowo Agustono , Khong Dr Heng Yen
Published: May 2018

Four compounds, namely β-sitosterol (1), betulinic acid (2), cinnamic acid (3), and α-viniferin (4) have been successfully isolated from the bark methanol extract of Dipterocarpus confertus Sloot. The structures of the isolated compounds have been established on the basis spectroscopic data evidence, and comparison with the published data. In the cytotoxicity study, cinnamic acid (3) and betulinic acid (2) have been found to be very strong active against murine leukemia P388 and vero cells lines with the IC50 values of 2.25 and 5.10 µg/mL, respectively, while the other compounds were not active.
A Convenient Synthesis of new Phenanthrolinone and Naphthyridinone Derivatives: Evaluation of their Biological activity
Authors: Hosny Mona A. , Mokbel Wafaa A. , El-Sawi Emtithal A.
Published: May 2018

A novel and effective synthesis of substituted acetamide via smiles rearrangement is described. Treatment of phenols with 2-chloroacetamide in the presence of sodium hydroxide and DMA where substituted phenols, which contain electron withdrawing groups, are more reactive for smiles rearrangement. The reaction followed by cyclization of the product by E.A.A. afforded the corresponding substituted phenanthrolinone and naphthyridinone in good yields and showed higher activity against (G- and G+, Eschierchia coli and Staphylococcus aureus respectively) and good activity toward Aspergillius flavus and Candida albicans.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND APPLICATION OF PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN BLENDED WITH SULPHONATED PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA, LINN., CARBON
Authors: Seenivasan R. K. , Ragavan D. , Girija A. , Muthuramalingam R.
Published: May 2018

Phenol – Formaldehyde Resin (PFR) is blended with Sulphonated Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., Carbon (SPEC) in various proportions by weight percentage (0-50%w/w). A few composite cation-exchangers were prepared by varying the amount of SPEC (a source of cheap and renevable plant material) in the blends from 10 to 50% (w/w). Reaction conditions for the preparation of blends were optimised. IR spectra, TGA traces, and SEM photos were taken for the characterization of  resins. Physico-chemical, properties of the composite resins have been determined. The composites are insoluble in various solvents and reagents and stable towards heat.   Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the composite resins, decreased with the increasing percentage of SPEC in the blend. Thermodynamic equilibrium constants (lnK) are calculated for H+ - Zn2+ exchanges on the resins having a different amount of SPEC. Thermodynamic parameters are also calculated and suitable explanations are given. The composites up to 20% (w/w) blending retains all the essential properties of the original PFR, since the Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., is the low cost, freely available plant material. Therefore, the composites could be used as low cost ion-exchangers, when SPEC partly replaces the original PFR up to 20% (w/w) blending without affecting the properties of PFR.
Chemical and Electro-coagulation Techniques in Coagulation-Floccculation in Water and Wastewater Treatment- A Review
Authors: L.N Ukiwe , S.I Ibeneme , C.E Duru , B.N Okolue , G.O Onyedika , C.A Nweze
Published: May 2018

Chemical and electrocoagulation are widely used coagulation methods employed in water and wastewater treatment. Both coagulation processes are effective in removing a wide range of impurities which include dissolved organic matter in form of chemical and biological oxygen demand, pathogens, oils, and colloidal particles as well as heavy metals. The present review has revealed that the mode of action of both coagulation methods is based on charge neutralization and floc formation. The effectiveness of both coagulation techniques depend on factors such as pH, coagulation dose, coagulant type, current density, applied voltage, water and wastewater  type, type of electrode, as well as size and number of electrodes. The commonly used chemical coagulants are inorganic coagulants based on aluminum and iron salts. However, there have been considerable successes in the development of pre-hydrolyzed inorganic coagulants which have the added advantage over traditional inorganic coagulants in that they function well over a wide range of pH and water temperatures. Electrocoagulation has been proposed as an alternative method to chemical coagulation because it is environmental friendly and cheap to operate. Nonetheless, most researchers are of the opinion that there are still some uncertainties regarding the understanding of its optimal performance and design mechanism.
Synthesis, Crystal structure, Vibrational, Optical and Dielectric properties Of 2-(2-Aminoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinum chloride hexachlorobismuthate (III) monohydrate [C7H18N2]2ClBiCl6.H2O
Authors: Ben Tahar Fayçal , Hrizi Chakib , Chaabouni Slaheddine , Chniba-Boudjada Nassira , Ramond Nicolas Ratel , Balčiūnas Sergejus , Ivanov Maksim , Mackevičiūtė Rūta , Banys Juras , Chtourou Radhouéne
Published: May 2018

Synthesis, crystal structure, vibrational and dielectric properties of [C7H18N2]2ClBiCl6.H2O are reported. The compound crystallizes at room temperature in the orthorhombic system, space group P212121, with the following unit cell parameters : a = 7.5500(6) Å, b = 18.3780(2) Å, c = 19.8980(13) Å, V = 2760.9(4) Å3 and four molecules per unit cell. The structure has been solved by three-dimensional Patterson synthesis and refined by least-squares analysis (R1 = 0.0463, wR2 = 0.0764). The crystal structure of the title compound, [C7H18N2]2ClBiCl6.H2O consists of 2-(2-Aminoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium cations, [BiCl6]3- anions, Cl- anions and free water molecules. The Bi(III) cation is coordinated by six Cl- anions in slightly distorsed octahedral geometry. In the crystal, extensive intermolecular N-H…Cl hydrogen bonds occur. The charge-transfer (CT) interactions between 2-(2-Aminoethyl)-1-methylpyrrolidinium cation and the anionic hosts have been revealed by structural analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy. The dielectric properties have been investigated at temperature range from 100 to 300 K at various frequencies (1 KHz – 1 MHz). The evolution of dielectric constant as a function of temperature and frequency of pellet has been investigated in order to determine some related parameters.
ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level with Progression of Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shaker Olfat Gamil , Ismail Manal Fouad , Ashour Esmat , Yousif Heba Mourad , Afify Mie , Gouda Weaam
Published: May 2018

Background. One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic nephropathy (DN).  Angiotensin- converting enzyme (ACE) gene was the first candidate gene of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) for predisposition to DN.Objective. Investigation whether the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is associated with Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) with nephropathy. In addition, the study investigated the relationship between variants of ACE I/D gene polymorphism and serum ACE level and the progression of nephropathy in Egyptian T2DM patients.Methods.  A total of 85 T2DM patients (45 with nephropathy and 40 without nephropathy) besides 45 healthy (non-diabetic) age-matched subjects were recruited in this study for comparison. The (I/D) polymorphism of the ACE gene was investigated using PCR and serum ACE levels were determined using ELISA.Results. The frequency of ACE DD genotype and D allele was significantly higher in DN patients when compared to control healthy subjects and diabetic patients without nephropathy. In addition our results showed a significant association between DD genotype of ACE gene and elevated serum ACE level.Conclusion. The present study showing a strong association between the D allele and/or DD homozygous of ACE gene and diabetic patients developed nephropathy. In addition, individuals with D allele have higher levels of serum ACE compared to those having I allele. ACE gene polymorphism and serum ACE level may serve as a susceptibility biomarker for nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients.
Synthesis and Antitubercular Evaluation of Some Novel 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile
Authors: Boukthir Mouna , Fethi Zribi , Halloum Iman , Kremer Laurent , Chabchoub Fakher
Published: May 2018

In an attempt to find a new class of antitubercular agents, a series of 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile were prepared via the reaction  of ethyl N-ethoxycarbonylbenzimidate 2a-b with cyanoacetanilide derivatives 1a-c. These compounds were screened for their antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis. Several analogues, such as 2,6-dioxo-1-phenyl-4-p-tolyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3a, 1-benzyl-2, 6-dioxo-4-p-tolyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3c and 1-benzyl-2, 6-dioxo-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile 3d exhibited a potent antitubercular activity with an MIC values ranging from 10-35 µg/ml. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established by spectral data and HRMS.
Effects of Project-Based Learning Strategy on Student Metacognitive Skill to Learning Biology
Authors: Endah Pratiwi Mawarti
Published: May 2018

Learning of Science in Indonesia especially for Biology nowadays drives students to find out their own concept and do their own experiment so they can understand well about their own concept and learning much for the environment around them. This learning can improve student metacognitive skill that student awareness about thinking their self thinking. The learning strategy that can improve these competences is Project-Based Learning. This experiment is going to do to understand about the effect of this strategy on student metacognitive skill. The research is going on SMAN 7 and SMAN Gondanglegi Malang in second semester for 2009/2010. Students in 2 classes each school as a sample of population of this research. This is quasi experiment that use non equivalent group design and anacova nonfaktorial for analyze the results. Results of this research show that project-based learning doesn’t give different effect on students metacognitive skill even if compared by control class that learning by multistrategy. Students metacognitive skill increase to 3,2% whether students in control class increase to 5,5%. This result show us that PBL strategy must be applicate on certain condition. Project-based learning base on this research can improve not only students retention achievement, it also predict can improve students skill process, confidence, and their attitude. Based on this situation so it is important to do the next research that assay the project-based learning on improving students skill process and their attitude to the environment.
Malba Tahan e a sua memória: a organização do arquivo do Prof.º Júlio César de Mello e Souza
Authors: Paulilo André Luiz
Published: May 2018

Este artigo é concernente a organização do arquivo pessoal de Malba Tahan. A pesquisa está organizada em quatro partes. Inicialmente, há uma pequena biografia de Júlio César de Mello e Souza. Depois, examina-se alguns documentos sobre a concepção de matemática de Malba Tahan. Em seguida, o artigo aponta as relações entre os critérios de arranjo dos documentos, a história da instituição de guarda e a biografia do titular. Finalmente, analisam-se as implicações destas relações para a memória coletiva. O resultado é uma resposta a questão de Terry Cook acerca de quem nós memorializamos enquanto arquivamos uma vida.
Do xadrez ao “Copacabana”: o jogo e a jogatina na vida, no pensamento e na obra de Malba Tahan
Authors: Salles Pedro Paulo
Published: May 2018

Criado por Malba Tahan em meados dos anos 1940 a partir das regras do bridge, o “copacabana” é um jogo de cartas que caracterizava as reuniões que o autor de O Homem que Calculava promovia ritualisticamente em sua casa, aos sábados, só com alguns amigos e parentes escolhidos a dedo. A jogatina tinha lugar na casa da rua Artur Araripe, número 43, na Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, onde residiu de 1943 até falecer, em 1974. A fim de compreendermos o lugar que os jogos ocupavam em sua atribulada vida de escritor, matemático e professor, definiremos primeiramente a presença do xadrez, trazendo imagens e apontamentos históricos e enxadrísticos necessários à sua compreensão. Feito isso, oferecemos ao leitor o jogo de cartas “copacabana”, com sua história, suas regras, seus lances e maneiras de jogar, buscando perpetuar, assim, mais uma prática malba-tahaniana, servida ao molho de expressões dos próprios jogadores, que davam vida às noites de jogatina.
A obra Didática da Matemática: vivências e perspectivas com o caderno dirigido de Malba Tahan
Authors: Santos Silva Flávia de Fatima
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho, de natureza qualitativa, apresenta considerações e perspectivas sobre um projeto de pesquisa de mestrado, ainda em andamento, acerca dos livros Didática da Matemática (1961) volumes I e II onde se busca estabelecer um diálogo passado-presente e refletir sobre uma possibilidade para a prática docente com o Caderno Dirigido sugerido por Júlio César de Mello e Souza – Malba Tahan (1895-1974). O objetivo torna-se apresentar como proposta de aplicação em sala de aula o Caderno Dirigido e sugerir ao educador uma perspectiva sobre uma relação dialógica com o educando. Diante das inquietações provindas das leituras, chega-se à entrevista ao educador matemático e ex-aluno do Malba Tahan: o professor Dr. Sérgio Lorenzato, aluno do curso oferecido por Malba Tahan pelo projeto CADES, Curso da Campanha de Aperfeiçoamento e Difusão do Ensino Secundário – oferecido pelo MEC em 1958 – que consolidam esse olhar. Tahan demonstrou fala e postura severas e críticas ao ensino vigente da época onde trouxe o termo Geometrismo, que ele dizia ser uma maneira indevida com a qual a geometria era ensinada. O discurso pedagógico de Júlio César de Mello e Souza propõe, dentre outros aspectos, que a matemática seja abordada considerando a cultura e o momento histórico, tendo o Caderno Dirigido como uma possibilidade prática para a sala de aula, proporcionando possíveis contribuições para o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem da geometria apoiadas na sua busca constante pelo desenvolvimento da autonomia dos alunos.
O Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Educação Matemática nos/dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental - GEPEMAI e Malba Tahan
Authors: Biani Rosana Prado , Longo Conceição Aparecida Cruz , Lorenzato Sergio
Published: May 2018

GEPEMAI – Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Educação Matemática nos/dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental – é um grupo de estudos que se reúne na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas – UNICAMP, desde 2009, com o objetivo principal de contribuir para o Desenvolvimento Profissional do Professor que ensina Matemática. Dentre os objetos de estudos do grupo GEPEMAI estão a obra e a vida de Malba Tahan, pseudônimo de Julio Cesar de Mello e Souza, nascido em 6 de maio de 1895. Engenheiro, pesquisador, escritor, editor, conferencista, professor, Mello e Souza publicou uma vasta obra literária: cerca de 120 livros, dos quais 75 foram dedicados à Matemática, dentre eles O homem que calculava e Didática da Matemática. Sua contribuição para a Educação Matemática foi tal que o Dia Nacional da Matemática é comemorado em 6 de maio em sua homenagem. Este texto apresenta o trabalho que o grupo GEPEMAI vem desenvolvendo para divulgar a vida, a obra e, acima de tudo, o legado educacional e a contribuição de Malba Tahan para a Educação Matemática. O grupo compartilha das ideias de Malba Tahan, na medida em que entende que a Matemática não deve ser considerada difícil e enfadonha; que ela é para todos; e que a ação educativa do professor precisa ser no sentido de fazê-la compreensível e admirável.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPS SISWA SMP NEGERI 1 NGRAYUN PONOROGO
Authors: Pratomo Anugerah Eko
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar IPS siswa SMPN 1 Ngrayun melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subyek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Ngrayun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes, wawancara, dan observasi. Teknik keabsahan data dengan teknik triangulasi metode. Teknis analisis dilakukan kualitatif interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran NHT dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Ngrayun. Peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa dapat diketahui dari hasil angket motivasi belajar siswa setelah pelaksanaan tindakan, pada siklus I mencapai 50%, siklus II meningkat menjadi 69,23%, dan siklus III meningkat menjadi 84,62%. Sementara prestasi belajar siswa pada kondisi awal menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata sebesar 68,27 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 53,85%, setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I mengalami peningkatan nilai rata-rata menjadi 73,85 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 65,38%, siklus II meningkat dengan nilai rata-rata 74,23 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 69,23%, dan pada siklus III mengalami peningkatan kembali, dengan nilai rata-rata mencapai sebesar 80,38 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 88,46%.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar IPS siswa SMPN 1 Ngrayun melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Numbered Heads Together (NHT). Penelitian ini menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subyek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Ngrayun. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes, wawancara, dan observasi. Teknik keabsahan data dengan teknik triangulasi metode. Teknis analisis dilakukan kualitatif interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran NHT dalam pembelajaran IPS dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kecamatan Ngrayun. Peningkatan motivasi belajar siswa dapat diketahui dari hasil angket motivasi belajar siswa setelah pelaksanaan tindakan, pada siklus I mencapai 50%, siklus II meningkat menjadi 69,23%, dan siklus III meningkat menjadi 84,62%. Sementara prestasi belajar siswa pada kondisi awal menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata sebesar 68,27 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 53,85%, setelah dilakukan tindakan pada siklus I mengalami peningkatan nilai rata-rata menjadi 73,85 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 65,38%, siklus II meningkat dengan nilai rata-rata 74,23 dengan ketuntasan klasikal sebesar 69,23%, dan pada siklus III mengalami peningkatan kembali, dengan nilai rata-rata mencapai sebesar 80,38 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 88,46%.
KOMODIFIKASI TUBUH PEREMPUAN OPERATOR SPBU 54.801.50
Authors: Lamopia I Wayan Gede , Wulandari Riza
Published: May 2018

Perempuan memiliki nilai tanda dan nilai tukar yang dapat direpresentasikan pada era kini.Perihal tubuh, perempuan menjadi objek yang berpotensi untuk dieksplotasi sebagai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan komodifikasi tubuh perempuan operator SPBU 54.801.50 di Denpasar.Pemilihan metode studi kasus dalam penelitian ini sangat tepat dikarenakan hanya SPBU 54.80.50 yang memperkerjakan perempuan sebagai operator dengan berpakaian seksi.Jenis penelitian kualitatif ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi dan teknik analisis menggunakan model interaktif.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perempuan yang bekerja sebagai operator di SPBU 54.801.50cukup menerima apa yang telah ditetapkan oleh atasan untuk berpakaian seksi, adapun yang mempengaruhi memilih pekerjaan dengan ketentuan tersebut berasal dari faktor eksternal dan internal. Komodifikasi yang melekat pada perempuan operator tersebut dirasakan tidak berdampak pada pencitraan negative seorang perempuan.Hal itu dianggap sebagai bentuk strategi pemasaran dari para pemegang kekuasaan untuk mendapatkan hasil produksi yang diinginkan.
«Economic exiles». The new Spanish emigration to Latin America and the Caribbean (2008-2016)
Authors: Rodríguez-Fariñas Jara
Published: May 2018

The article analyzes the Spanish emigration to Latin America between 2008 and 2015, with the prospect to approach a quantitative reality, of understanding the demographic profile of the new Spanish emigrants to Latin America, the causes of their migration, the initial problems of migration process and their expectations of the future. We use a mixed quantitative and qualitative methodological strategy, combining first and second order research. Findings include that these migrants are mostly young and middle-aged workers, highly qualified and with work experience, pushed from Spain by the economic crisis and attracted to Latin America for its labor opportunities. However, the idea of returning to Spain predominates.
Entrepreneurial immigrants’ mobility with cultural and creative initiatives in Madrid’s Community
Authors: García-Oteyza Miguel Osorio , Jiménez-Sosa Mirian
Published: May 2018

Cultural and creative industries have an increasing impact on the economic and social development of the 21st century. The main objective of this article is to bring into debate within the academic community the contribution that the Latin American immigrants make to the economic and social development in Madrid through their cultural and creative initiatives. Specifically, we explore through documentary analysis the social dimension of cultural and creative industries in immigrants’ lives as actors of their own future. Elements such as gastronomy, music or religion have always crossed different borders. However, ICT facilitates new migratory flows, such as the mobility of entrepreneurs of art and culture. Cultural and creative industries, besides being a resource for economic mobility, are also a source of identity, create a sense of belonging and facilitate social cohesion.
Face Clustering Utilizing Scalable Sparse Subspace Clustering And The Image Gradient Feature Descriptor
Authors: Liu Mingkang , Li Qi , Sun Zhenan , Zhang Hongwen , Deng Qiyao
Published: May 2018

Face clustering is an important topic in  computer vision. It aims to put together facial images that belong to the same person. Spectral clustering-based algorithms are often used for accurate face clustering. However, a big occlusion matrix is usually needed to deal with the noise and sparse outlier terms, which makes the sparse coding process computationally expensive. Thus spectral clustering-based algorithms are difficult to extend to large scale datasets. In this paper, we use the image gradient feature descriptor and scalable Sparse Subspace Clustering algorithm for large scale and high accuracy face clustering. Within the image gradient feature descriptor, the scalable Sparse Subspace Clustering algorithm can be used in large scale face datasets without sacrificing clustering performance. Experimental results show that our algorithm is robust to illumination, occlusion, and achieves a relatively high clustering accuracy on the Extended Yale B and AR datasets.
METODA UJI MODEL SEKSIONAL DEK SEBAGAI DASAR ANALISIS AEROELASTIK JEMBATAN BENTANG PANJANG
Authors: Fariduzzaman
Published: May 2018

Analisis eksperimental (uji terowongan angin) untuk rancangan jembatan bentang panjang, kebanyakan dilakukan dengan uji model seksional dan model penuh. Keduanya memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahannya. Namun uji model seksional lebih populer untuk digunakan pada analisis aerodinamika jembatan bentang panjang, sekalipun kemudian dilakukan juga uji model penuh. Karena itu uji model seksional dapat dianggap sebagai dasar atau langkah pertama untuk analisis aeroelastik jembatan bentang panjang. Makalah ini akan menguraikan beberapa aspek penting dari uji model seksional termasuk kelebihannya. Suatu studi kasus juga akan diberikan, untuk memberikan gambaran yang komprehensif dari proses uji model seksional. Sebagai kesimpulan dapat disampaikan bahwa, uji model seksional sebenarnya dapat memberikan seluruh parameter dasar aeroelastik yang diperlukan oleh perancang jembatan.
A educação ambiental popular: contribuições em práticas sociais
Authors: Souza Tiago Zanquêta de
Published: May 2018

ResumoEste artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão em torno da educação ambiental popular, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica e crítica, como uma corrente teórica que pode orientar diferentes práticas sociais, escolares ou não, à elaboração de uma práxis educativa que prime pela libertação de mulheres e homens, pela construção de sua emancipação e, acima de tudo, pela transformação da realidade injusta, opressora e excludente tão presente na cotidianidade do povo latino-americano. Para isso, parto de um breve estudo em torno da origem da educação ambiental popular, a fim de evidenciar as convergências históricas entre a educação ambiental e a educação popular, para em seguida, refletir em torno da macrotendência da educação ambiental crítica.Palavras-chave: Prática Social. Educação Ambiental Crítica. Educação Popular.Popular environmental education: contributions in social practicesAbstractThe objective of this article is to present a reflection on popular environmental education, from a historical and critical perspective, as a theoretical current that can guide different social practices, school or not, to the elaboration of an educational praxis that emphasizes the liberation of women and men, for the construction of their emancipation and, above all, for the transformation of the unjust, oppressive and exclusive reality so present in the daily lives of the Latin American people. For this, a brief study is presented on the origin of popular environmental education, with the aim of highlighting the historical relations between environmental education and popular education. Then, reflections on the macro-trends of critical environmental education are presented.Keywords: Social Practice. Critical Environmental Education. Popular Education.La educación ambiental popular: contribuciones en prácticas socialesResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una reflexión en torno a la educación ambiental popular, desde una perspectiva histórica y crítica, como una corriente teórica que puede orientar diferentes prácticas sociales, escolares o no, a la elaboración de una praxis educativa que prima por la liberación de mujeres y hombres, por la construcción de su emancipación y, sobre todo, por la transformación de la realidad injusta, opresora y excluyente tan presente en la cotidianidad del pueblo latinoamericano. Para ello, parto de un breve estudio en torno al origen de la educación ambiental popular, a fin de evidenciar las convergencias históricas entre la educación ambiental y la educación popular, para luego reflexionar en torno a la macro tendencia de la educación ambiental crítica.Palabras clave: Práctica Social. Educación Ambiental Crítica. Educación Popular.
Pengaruh Rasio Pembayaran Dividen terhadap Harga Saham PT Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Periode 2005-2015
Authors: Destama Afrian , Hubeis Musa
Published: May 2018

PT Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk (PTBA) is a large company engaged in the sub-sector of coal mining and has been listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) as a public company and was registered to have an Initial Public Offering (IPO) in year 2002. The investors as shareholders will strongly expect a high dividend every year (% per year). The annual dividend (in %) so called as Dividend payout ratio (DPR). The objective of the research are to analyze the effect of the DPR on stock prices of PTBA in the period 2005-2015 and as reference to determine dividend policy. The research secondary data was obtained from BEI, Indonesian Central Securities Depository PTBA. The simple linear regression model was developed in the research where the DPR stands for independent variable (y) and the dayly average stock price from the declaration dateto cum date stands for dependent variables. The results showed a positive relationship and unreal 42,3% between the DPR and the stock price of PTBA with the influence of 18,6%. But both variables do not have a linear relationship, so as to predict the stock price can not be done simply by using DPR as independent variables, but also need to consider other factors.
Analisis Kinerja Portofolio Optimal Saham Sektor Pertambangan dan Saham Sektor Perdagangan
Authors: Ardelia Ines , Dewi Farida ratna
Published: May 2018

Stock Portfolio is a combination or a mixture of two or more individual stocks with the aim to minimize the risk. The importance of assessing the performance of a stock portfolio for investors will be valuable information for investment decisions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the condition of stock, stock performance, composition and combination of optimal stock portfolio formed in shares included Sectors and Stocks Trade Sector. Methods of data analysis used in this study is a model of Markowitz. Data research using quantitative secondary data during the period 2011 - 2015, obtained from IDX Statistic and Bank Indonesia website. The results showed that there are six stocks that are candidates portfolio, while the optimal portfolio is formed consisting of five stocks are share of UNTR, RALS, BIPI, MNCN and BMTR. The proportion of equity funds amounted to 52.48% UNTR, RALS amounted to 23.54%, Bipi amounted to 11.63%, MNCN amounted to 7.25%, and BMTR amounted to 5.10%.