bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the reality of sexual life and supports of the disabled
Authors:   The Korea Academy of Case Management, Jeon Jihye , Nam Yihae , Yang Sookmi , Nam Jihyun
Published: March 2024

This study paid attention to the importance of realizing the sexual life of the disabled, and tried to find out what difficulties they experience in their sexual lives and what factors cause such difficulties. Therefore, a mixed methods research was conducted on the responses of 243 persons with disabilities who responded to the Sexual Life Conditions of Disabilities in Gyeonggi-do and 13 persons who participated in FGI. As a result of the analysis, the barriers to sexual life of the disabled were pointed out as the biggest difficulty in social awareness and lack of access. The back is absent, and it has been shown that it prevents families and disabled people from recognizing their sexual rights. Based on this, this study provides information and education related to sexual life and sexual rights of disabilities, necessity of approach by type of disability and integrated dimension, improvement in awareness of sexual rights of disabilities, development of practically applicable educational contents, information Discussions were made on provision, training of sex counseling activists in organizations for persons with disabilities, medical support, psycho-emotional support, and establishment of a delivery system.
A Meaning of Military Medical Services by Army Active Soldiers
Authors:   The Korea Academy of Case Management, Shin Min Cheol , Jeong Mee Kyung
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of military medical services of Korean army soldiers. In-depth interviews were conducted with five study participants. The interview content consisted of 49 semantic units, 8 subcategories, and 4 categories. As a result of the study, first, there was a need to present measures and cases to establish trust that soldiers can receive the best medical services in a timely manner when they need medical services while performing defense missions. Second, problems with military medical services presented in the past, such as insufficient information on military medical services, pain to endure with timely medical services, and insufficient quality of military medical services, have not been resolved. Third, there was a sad reality that the level of medical services had to be divided into military and private sectors. Fourth, it was suggested that appropriate medical services must be provided to soldiers who perform national defense obligations.
A study on the development of Korean age-friendly university indicators: Evaluation of age-friendliness and acceptability of domestic universities based on the international age-friendly university guidelines
Authors:   The Korea Academy of Case Management, Lim Jinseop , Park Myung-Bae
Published: March 2024

In this study, we examine the degree of age-friendliness of universities by applying the guidelines for age-friendly universities previously developed for domestic universities, and at the same time explore how appropriate these indicators are as indicators of Korean age-friendly universities (AFU). I would like to look at it from this perspective. For this purpose, a survey was conducted targeting 45 officials from domestic universities. The survey was conducted mainly focusing on two areas. First, the level and status of senior-friendly universities in the surveyed universities were identified using the previously developed guideline indicators for senior-friendly universities (Step 1: Fact-finding survey). Next, it consists of a step-by-step investigation using the same indicator to evaluate how appropriate it is in functioning as a guideline indicator for domestic senior-friendly universities (step 2: appropriateness evaluation). This survey was conducted for approximately 3 weeks from May 21 to June 14, 2021 by Google web-survey. As a result of the analysis, looking at the level of seniority-friendliness of domestic universities by area, lifelong education was the highest (2.35 points), followed by social participation and service (2.27 points), needs survey (2.04 points), senior-friendly environment (2.02 points), and mission/ The order was vision and administrative system (1.83 points). Next, looking at the adequacy of indicators by area, lifelong education (3.62 points) was the highest, followed by senior-friendly environment (3.54 points), mission/vision/administrative system (3.48 points), needs survey (3.44 points), social participation and The order was service (3.39 points).
An Analysis Comparing Aggression Levels among Female National Volleyball and Netball Athletes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Pinnagodage Kalana , Liyanage T.P
Published: March 2024

Aggression is an important psychological component that cannot be overlooked when it comes to increasing physical performance, particularly in invasion sports. This research was conducted with the intention of determining the extent of the violent behavior exhibited by the female national netball and volleyball players belonging to Sri Lanka. For the purpose of this study, fifteen female volleyball players and ten female netball players from national teams participated. The data was collected through the use of a standardized and systematic questionnaire, and the findings were analyzed through the application of statistical analysis using SPSS. A two-sample t-test and descriptive statistics were utilized in order to conduct the analysis of the data. The study found that the mean aggressiveness scores for the two national teams were 84.06 and 88.9, respectively. These values were based on aggression. According to the findings of the study, the levels of hostility exhibited by the female players on the country's national teams for netball and volleyball did not differ substantially from one another (p-value = 0.577). According to the findings of the study, the levels of aggressiveness exhibited by both teams were satisfactory, and there was no obvious difference in the levels of aggression exhibited by the female national members of Sri Lanka's netball and volleyball teams. An examination of the psychological situations of athletes and the implementation of strategies to optimize player psychology in order to increase athletic performance are both highlighted by the findings, which show the relevance of these two aspects.
An Overview of Dermatomyositis By IJISRT
Authors: Deshpande Srishti , Rangwar Neha , Sinwal Aashutosh , . Ishu , Brahambhatt Pooja , Saini Aman
Published: March 2024

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy condition. It might be challenging to identify DM when the usual dermatologic symptoms or myopathy are not present. The onset of muscle involvement is often pain or myalgias, however, it can also be accompanied by proximal muscle weakening. The incidence rate was estimated to be 9.63 per 1,000,000 inhabitants in Olmsted County, Minnesota, according to a retrospective research that ran from 1967 to 2007. The exact reason(s) behind dermatomyositis are still a mystery. Environmental, immunological, and genetic variables may all have an impact, though. Diabetic myopathy (DM) is characterized by a progressive weakening of muscles, which might start mild and develop over a few weeks or months, or it can advance more rapidly. Typically, symmetric and proximal muscle involvement is the first to manifest, with distal muscle weakening developing later in the disease's progression. Muscle weakness, skin disease, and other underlying problems are the main focuses of dermatomyositis management. Systemic glucocorticoids, with or without immunosuppressants, are the initial line of defense against dermatomyositis-related muscle illness. Management relies heavily on physical therapy and rehabilitation. Active exercise programs should be advocated for patients with moderate illness.
Implementation Difficulties & Merits of International Financial Reporting Standard 17 Adoption in Ghana
Authors: Michael Ansong
Published: March 2024

The study examines the impact of IFRS 17 implementation and adoption in the Insurance Industry, specifically, a case of the Life Insurance companies. The objective of the paper is to highlight some key critical areas of the implementation of IFRS 17 reference to the difficulties and merits that will arise from its full adoption while ensuring the life insurance companies also align their distribution strategies towards its implementation.
Empowering Women: Navigating Employability and Experiences in selected Banks in Lagos, Nigeria By IJISRT
Authors: Ayodeji Omolawal Samuel , Sulaimon Adeniyi Idowu
Published: March 2024

The study investigated the employability and experiences of women in selected banks located in Lagos, Nigeria. The study was exploratory and cross-sectional in nature and employed Becker's Theory of Discrimination and Liberal Feminism Theory as a framework. The data generated through In-depth and Key Informant interviews were used to establish that women have equal opportunities in the banking industry. The study found that employability in the workplace is not determined by patriarchy. Employment criteria are based on individual qualifications, which are always spelt-out in the course of the job advertisement, recruitment, and selection process. The study gathered that gender discrimination does not play a role in the employment process, and all applicants, regardless of gender, must possess the requisite skills to be considered for positions in the company. The study equally found that women are not marginalized in the workplace, and they have equal opportunities to ascend managerial cadres and make decisions. Women have what it takes to get their jobs done, and in situations where bias, discrimination, and dominance are present, women experience it more from customers rather than their male counterparts in the selected banks. The study concluded that there is no difference in employability between men and women in the selected banks. The recruiters use cognitive skills as part of the recruiting process, and it is not based on gender. Recruitment is based on the aptitude capacity of employees in the sector, and numeracy skills are likewise tested during the recruitment process. Gender discrimination should not be condoned in the banking industry, and women should be given the same opportunities as men.
Women’s educational leadership experiences: career advancement in the Lubombo region of Eswatini
Authors: Dlamini Yvonne Khethiwe , Mncube Dumsani Wilfred , Mkhasibe Rachel Gugu , Kutame Azwidohwi Philip
Published: March 2024

Women's progress in leadership roles within the field of education has made limited headway despite the efforts of government institutions and progressive policies aimed at addressing diversity and equity practices. This study seeks to investigate the experiences of women in leadership within the Department of Education in Lubombo Region of Eswatini. Adopting a qualitative approach, this study employs an interpretive paradigm and a phenomenological design to delve into the lived experiences of female leaders and their interpretation of these experiences. Twelve female principals from 12 high schools were purposefully selected to participate in this study. Semi-structured interviews, conducted with audio recordings, were used to guide the data generation process. The collected data were systematically transcribed, coded, and analysed thematically. Feminist theory serves as the foundation of this study, guiding the retrospective storytelling process aimed at understanding the experiences of women in leadership. Despite the implementation of regulations and other initiatives, gender equality in Eswatini has not progressed significantly. The findings of this study reveal that deeply ingrained traditional beliefs, rooted in the customs and values of local communities, continue to strongly influence promotion decisions within the educational system. The resistance observed reflects a deeply entrenched belief that female principals have limited opportunities for upward mobility in leadership due to the societal stigma or "injustice prejudice" that permeates government institutions. This study recommends that government entities and other stakeholders embark on new leadership training programs that prioritise progressive ethos, values, and culture within the education industry.
The role of formative feedback in teaching and learning: Grade 10 Physical Sciences teachers’ perspectives
Authors: Mngomezulu Halalisani , Mkhize Thulasizwe Fredrick , Nhlumayo Buhle Stella
Published: March 2024

This study examined the role of formative feedback in the teaching and learning of Physical Sciences. Several scholars have recognised the pedagogical value of formative feedback in science education. However, there is a need for significant improvement in the quality of formative feedback provided by teachers in science classrooms. The empirical investigation explored the nature of formative feedback, pedagogical challenges, and pedagogical practices employed by teachers when implementing formative assessment in Physical Sciences classrooms. The study is underpinned by the Assessment for Formative Purposes Cycle as the underlying theoretical framework. We utilised the interpretive paradigm and a qualitative approach, specifically employing phenomenology as a means of inquiry. The empirical investigation involved 12 Grade 10 Physical Sciences teachers selected purposively from Inkosi Sambane Circuit Schools, under UMkhanyakude District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and classroom observations, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that meaningful formative feedback could have been enhanced by addressing contextual factors such as overcrowding and lack of resources in Physical Sciences classrooms. While teachers valued the quality of formative feedback, they expressed concern about learners' inability to utilise formative feedback to improve their learning. This paper recommends providing teachers with the necessary training to effectively utilise formative feedback and enhance learners' academic achievement in Physical Sciences.
Can Chameleon Fields Be the Source of the Dark Energy Dipole and the Cosmic Microwave Background Dipole?
Authors: Yarahmadi Muhammad , Salehi Amin
Published: March 2024

Recent research reveals that the Local Group is in motion toward (l, b) = (276, 30) relative to the cosmic background radiation, manifesting a velocity of 600 km s−1, a phenomenon recognized as the cosmic background radiation dipole or cosmic microwave background dipole. Despite its well-documented nature, the precise cause of this peculiar motion remains elusive. High mass–density regions, such as galactic superclusters, stand out among the potential contributors to this cosmic flow. This paper employs chameleon fields to investigate anisotropies on both small and large scales. The data utilized in this study comprise Type Ia supernovae from the Pantheon catalog, totaling 1048 supernovae within the redshift range of 0.015 < z < 2.3. The analysis of the bulk flow at various redshifts has yielded noteworthy discoveries. On a smaller scale (less than 150 Mpc), the movement direction of the Local Group coincides with that of the bulk flow. On a larger scale, the bulk flow direction corresponds to the direction of the dark energy dipole. This implies that the anisotropy at the local scale originates from the same source as the anisotropy observed on a larger scale.
Nonlinear Feedback of the Electrostatic Instability on the Blazar-induced Pair Beam and GeV Cascade
Authors: Alawashra Mahmoud , Pohl Martin
Published: March 2024

Relativistic pair beams produced in the cosmic voids by TeV gamma-rays from blazars are expected to produce a detectable GeV-scale cascade that is missing in the observations. The suppression of this secondary cascade implies either the deflection of the pair beam by intergalactic magnetic fields or, alternatively, an energy loss of the beam due to the beam-plasma instability. Here, we study how the beam-plasma instability feeds back on the beam, using a realistic two-dimensional beam distribution. We find that the instability broadens the beam opening angles significantly without any significant energy loss, thus confirming a recent feedback study on a simplified one-dimensional beam distribution. However, narrowing diffusion feedback of the beam particles with Lorentz factors less than 106 might become relevant, even though initially it is negligible. Finally, when considering the continuous creation of TeV pairs, we find that the beam distribution and the wave spectrum reach a new quasi-steady state, in which the scattering of beam particles persists and the beam opening angle may increase by a factor of hundreds. Understanding the implications on the GeV cascade emission requires accounting for inverse-Compton cooling.
Orbital and Physical Characterization of Asteroid Dimorphos Following the DART Impact
Authors: Naidu Shantanu P. , Chesley Steven R. , Moskovitz Nicholas , Thomas Cristina , Meyer Alex J. , Pravec Petr , Scheirich Peter , Farnocchia Davide , Scheeres Daniel J. , Brozovic Marina , Benner Lance A. M. , Rivkin Andrew S. , Chabot Nancy L.
Published: March 2024

The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission impacted Dimorphos, the satellite of binary near-Earth asteroid (65803) Didymos, on 2022 September 26 UTC. We estimate the changes in the orbital and physical properties of the system due to the impact using ground-based photometric and radar observations, as well as DART camera observations. Under the assumption that Didymos is an oblate spheroid, we estimate that its equatorial and polar radii are 394 ± 11 m and 290 ± 16 m, respectively. We estimate that the DART impact instantaneously changed the along-track velocity of Dimorphos by −2.63 ± 0.06 mm s−1. Initially, after the impact, Dimorphos’s orbital period had changed by −32.7 minutes ± 16 s to 11.377 ± 0.004 hr. We find that over the subsequent several weeks the orbital period changed by an additional 34 ± 15 s, eventually stabilizing at 11.3674 ± 0.0004 hr. The total change in the orbital period was −33.25 minutes ±1.5 s. The postimpact orbit exhibits an apsidal precession rate of 6.7 ± 0.°2 day−1. Under our model, this rate is driven by the oblateness parameter of Didymos, J
2, as well as the spherical harmonics coefficients, C
20 and C
22, of Dimorphos’s gravity. Under the assumption that Dimorphos is a triaxial ellipsoid with a uniform density, its C
20 and C
22 estimates imply axial ratios, a/b and a/c, of about 1.3 and 1.6, respectively. Preimpact images from DART indicate Dimorphos’s shape was close to that of an oblate spheroid, and thus our results indicate that the DART impact significantly altered the shape of Dimorphos.
Historical perspectives on time and temporality
Authors: Baker Charles Richard
Published: March 2024

L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner comment le concept de temps a été utilisé dans les périodes historiques antérieures à l’émergence du capitalisme industriel. La production industrielle capitaliste a sans doute conduit à une plus grande « discipline du temps » dans laquelle les travailleurs étaient contrôlés et disciplinés par le temps d’horloge linéaire. En revanche, dans les périodes moins industrialisées, la notion de temps était flexible. La compréhension du temps dans les siècles précédant la révolution industrielle n’était pas linéaire, comme celle impliquée par le temps de l’horloge. Au contraire, le concept de temps avait tendance à être cyclique. Cette nature cyclique du temps a peut-être été utilisée pour faciliter le contrôle dans les organisations.
Enhanced general conformable controller based on Lyapunov technique for DC-DC static converters: Application to a solar system
Authors: kahouli Omar , Elloumi Mourad , Naifar Omar , Makhlouf Abdellatif Ben , Bouteraa Yassine , Elgharbi Sarra
Published: March 2024

To synthesize the proper control signal while guaranteeing the necessary performance indices (speed, resilience, accuracy, etc.), mathematical models were frequently used to represent physical systems. These descriptions were utilized for control, monitoring, and detection in these kinds of systems. Quality and performance of the process may suffer if the model is inaccurate or incomplete. As a result, conformable systems (CS) may be used to make these mathematical models more near to the real world. However, non-power-electronics experts who need to model and simulate complex systems may find the task of modeling static converters to be rather challenging. Researchers have just recently outlined the properties of the general conformable systems (GCS). This innovative approach built upon the principle of the classical integer order systems, employing the same mathematical foundations for its derivation. With the introduction of this novel description of systems, a fresh array of differential equations emerged, specifically tailored for the realm of direct current to direct current (DC-DC) static converters. GCS has been proved to be more flexible and profitable than the traditional integer-order one for representing DC-DC static converters. This advancement paved the way for more effective control techniques based on the Lyapunov method, with practical applications in photovoltaic (PV) systems and beyond.
Dynamical analysis of a discrete two-patch model with the Allee effect and nonlinear dispersal
Authors: Gao Minjuan , Chen Lijuan , Chen Fengde
Published: March 2024

The dynamic behavior of a discrete-time two-patch model with the Allee effect and nonlinear dispersal is studied in this paper. The model consists of two patches connected by the dispersal of individuals. Each patch has its own carrying capacity and intraspecific competition, and the growth rate of one patch exhibits the Allee effect. The existence and stability of the fixed points for the model are explored. Then, utilizing the central manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, fold and flip bifurcations are investigated. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to explore how the Allee effect and nonlinear dispersal affect the dynamics of the system.
Computational analysis reveals the therapeutic potential of Asiatic acid against the miRNA correlated differentially expressed genes of bipolar disorder
Authors: Maheshwari Harshita , Pathak Maitreyi , Garg Prekshi , Srivastava Prachi
Published: March 2024

Bipolar disorder is a psychiatric condition that consists of recurring episodes of severe mood swings between depression and manic episodes. The diagnosis is generally based on clinical interviews and observations, but is often misdiagnosed as unipolar depression, leading to significant delays in treatment. However, the disorder's heterogeneous nature and overlap with other psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, present challenges in its diagnosis and treatment. To address these challenges, this study aims to explore the gene targets of differentially expressed miRNA associated with differentially expressed genes and to find a suitable phytochemical through molecular docking studies. The altered expression level of miRNAs (either increased or decreased) and genes had been observed to play a crucial role in different psychiatric disorders, thus suggesting their potential as biomarkers. The data of patients with bipolar disorder was retrieved from the Gene expression omnibus and Sequence read archive. The differentially expressed genes and miRNAs were identified through DESeq2 post processing. The gene targets of the downregulated miRNA and the upregulated genes were compared to identify the main targets of bipolar disorder. Furthermore, the phytochemicals with neuro-protective properties were identified through a literature study. The drug likeness property of each phytochemical was evaluated on the basis of Lipinski's rule of 5, followed by a toxicity evaluation. Molecular docking studies were carried out using AutoDock to determine the best drug against bipolar disorder. Therefore, the present study targets key proteins overexpressed in patients with bipolar disorder to facilitate a multi-faceted treatment approach.
Effectiveness of Mobile Virtual Laboratory Based on Project-Based Learning to Build Constructivism Thinking
Authors: Fadli Radinal , Surjono Herman Dwi , Sari Ratna Candra , Eliza Fivia , Hakiki Muhammad , Hidayah Yayuk , Triyono Mochammad Bruri , Samala Agariadne Dwinggo
Published: March 2024

Constructivism as a theoretical basis in education is key, considering that this approach views learning as an active process where students play a role in constructing their own knowledge. Apart from that, the development of mobile and virtual technology is increasingly growing in the educational environment. This research explores the effectiveness of this approach in building constructivist thinking in learning electrical installation practices. The method used in this research is the 4D Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate model. The research instruments include an expert review validity questionnaire and an evaluation instrument for students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of the Mobile Virtual Laboratory Based on Project-Based Learning in building constructivism. The research results show that the Mobile Virtual Laboratory is valid based on expert assessment, in addition there has been a significant increase in students’ understanding of concepts and practical skills, with a high level of satisfaction with the use of the Mobile Virtual Laboratory. So, it can be concluded that the Mobile Virtual Laboratory based on Project-Based Learning can be an effective tool to support constructivist learning in electrical measurement practice. The results of this research open opportunities for further research on how Artificial Intelligence can build constructive thinking.
A Comparative Study Among Recursive Metaheuristics for Gene Selection
Authors: Dif Nassima , Elberrichi Zakaria
Published: March 2024

This chapter compares 4 variants of metaheuristics (RFA, EMVO, RPSO, and RBAT). The purpose is to test the impact of refinement on different types of metaheuristics (FA, MVO, PSO, and BAT). The refinement helps to enhance exploitation and to speed up the search process in multidimensional spaces. Moreover, it presents a powerful tool to solve different issues such as slow convergence. The different methods have been used for gene selection on 11 microarrays datasets to solve their various issues related to the presence of irrelevant genes. The obtained results reveal the positive impact of refinement on FA, MVO, and PSO, where all performances have been improved. On the other hand, this process harmed the BAT algorithm. The comparative study between the 4 variants highlights the efficiency of EMVO and FA in terms of precision and dimensionality reduction, respectively. Overall, this study suggests drawing attention to the choice of embedded metaheuristics in the refinement procedure, where powerful methods in exploration are recommended. Moreover, metaheuristics that risk form fast convergence are not advised.
Application of Bioinformatics Techniques to Screen and Characterize the Plant-Based Anti-Cancer Compounds
Authors: Satpathy Raghunath
Published: March 2024

Plant-based natural products provide a strong background to evaluate, predict the novel class of compounds having anti-cancer properties, as well as to explore their potential mechanism mechanisms of action. Due to the huge cost and time utilization in the traditional drug development approaches, bioinformatics plays a major role to facilitate drug discovery with less cost and time strategies. Several bioinformatics-based approaches being used recently to screen as well as to characterize the potential plant-based compounds can be used to treat several types of cancer. Some of the computational approaches are target identification, screening of compounds molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, QSAR analysis, pharmacophore modeling, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity). This chapter describes specific computational methods being used currently to screen and characterize different plant-based anti-cancer molecules by taking examples from the recent literature and discussing their advantages and limitations.
Best Practices of Feature Selection in Multi-Omics Data
Authors: Ipekten Funda , Ertürk Zararsız Gözde , Doğan Halef Okan , Eldem Vahap , Zararsız Gökmen
Published: March 2024

With the recent advances in molecular biology techniques such as next-generation sequencing, mass-spectrometry, etc., a large omic data is produced. Using such data, the expression levels of thousands of molecular features (genes, proteins, metabolites, etc.) can be quantified and associated with diseases. The fact that multiple omics data contains different types of data and the number of analyzed variables increases the complexity of the models created with machine learning methods. In addition, due to many variables, the investigation of molecular variables associated with diseases is very costly. Therefore, selecting the informative and disease-related molecular features is applicable before model training and evaluation. This feature selection step is essential for obtaining accurate and generalizable models in minimum time with minimum cost. Some current methods used for feature selection are as follows: recursive feature elimination, information gain, minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR), boruta, altmann, and lasso.
Cancer Stem Cells and Advanced Novel Technologies in Oncotherapy
Authors: Sakthivel Shalini , Srivastava Manjita , Barman Muneesh Kumar , Ravichandiran Nerethika , Martins Salonee , Singh Meenakshi , Chand Kailash , Sonkar Subash C. , Bhukya Prudhvilal
Published: March 2024

Self-renewal is the most important property of stem cells. Parallel to this, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have an indefinite proliferative ability that drives tumorigenesis. The conventional treatment of cancer includes chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, which decreases the tumour size. Contrary, targeted therapy against CSCs initially does not shrink the tumour but ultimately causes tumour degeneration. Nanobiotechnology, RNA interference, microRNA are emerging fields with a vital role in targeted therapy against CSCs. The non-protein encoding microRNAs has a major role in cancer treatment since they regulate gene expression during post-transcription. RNAi technology can silence the gene of interest with potency and specificity inhibiting tumour growth. In nanoparticles-based RNA interference, nanocarriers protect RNAi molecules from immune recognition and enzymatic degradation. The cancer cell gene expression profiling using next-generation sequencing helps in understanding the underlying cancer cell mechanisms. The current chapter deals with novel concepts in the treatment of cancer.
Genetic Data Analysis
Authors: Shamila M. , Tyagi Amit Kumar
Published: March 2024

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or genetic data analysis is used to discover common genetic factors which influence the health of human beings and become a part of a disease. The concept of using genomics has increased in recent years, especially in e-healthcare. Today there is huge improvement required in this field or genomics. Note that the terms genomics and genetics are not similar terms here. Basically, the human genome is made up of DNA, which consists of four different chemical building blocks (called bases and abbreviated A, T, C, and G). Based on this, we differentiate each and every human being living on earth. The term ‘genetics' originated from the Greek word ‘genetikos'. It means ‘origin'. In simple terms, genetics can be defined as a branch of biology, which deals with the study of the functionalities and composition of a single gene in an organism. There are mainly three branches of genetics, which include classical genetics, molecular genetics, and population genetics.
Hybrid High-Performance Computing Algorithm for Gene Regulatory Network
Authors: Elsayad Dina , Hamad Safawat , Shedeed Howida Abd-Alfatah , Tolba Mohamed Fahmy
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a parallel algorithm for gene regulatory network construction, hereby referred to as H2pcGRN. The construction of gene regulatory network is a vital methodology for investigating the genes interactions' topological order, annotating the genes functionality and demonstrating the regulatory process. One of the approaches for gene regulatory network construction techniques is based on the component analysis method. The main drawbacks of component analysis-based algorithms are its intensive computations that consume time. Despite these drawbacks, this approach is widely applied to infer the regulatory network. Therefore, introducing parallel techniques is indispensable for gene regulatory network inference algorithms. H2pcGRN is a hybrid high performance-computing algorithm for gene regulatory network inference. The proposed algorithm is based on both the hybrid parallelism architecture and the generalized cannon's algorithm. A variety of gene datasets is used for H2pcGRN assessment and evaluation. The experimental results indicated that H2pcGRN achieved super-linear speedup, where its computational speedup reached 570 on 256 processing nodes.
Librarians and Bioinformatics Communities Working Together to Advance Research and Instruction
Authors: Brandenburg Marci D. , Garcia-Milian Rolando
Published: March 2024

Given the importance of bioinformatics in the health sciences and the increasing role information professionals are playing in informatics and data management, it is logical to develop collaborations between libraries and bioinformatics communities. Given these trends, academic libraries are providing new data services in support of research and teaching. Librarians at University of Michigan and Yale University have found different ways to engage with their respective bioinformatics communities and build successful partnerships around instruction, data analysis, software licensing, project management, seminar programming, and tool documentation. This chapter discusses the librarians' involvement, the advantages to the library and the bioinformatics communities, and the challenges faced.
Molecular Docking Study of Expansin Proteins in Fibers of Medicinal Plants Calotropis Procera
Authors: Basu Anamika
Published: March 2024

Calotropis procera is used in several traditional medicines to treat a variety of diseases. Calotropis is also used as a homeopathic medicine. The bast fiber can substitute cotton wool for surgical or stuffing purposes. This fiber can be used as an excellent model system to study the genes involved in fiber elongation. Expansins are typically 250-275 amino acids long, pH-dependent cell wall-loosening proteins required for cell wall expansion in many developmental processes. Four Expansin A proteins are present in fast growing Calotropis procera fibers. Expansins proteins disrupt the cellulose-hemicellulose network transiently, allowing slippage of cell wall polymers. But the molecular mechanism by which expansin loosens the cellulosic network is not yet established. To understand of the role of protein expansins in the xyloglucan-cellulose, different computational biology techniques are used. Molecular docking analysis of protein expansins with ligand xylose present in xyloglucan shows that arginine and serine are responsible for protein-ligand interactions.
Exploring the Reform Model of Graded Progressive University English Teaching in an Educational Ecological Environment
Authors: Wang Pei
Published: March 2024

In today's university era, reforming the English teaching model has become a major research topic for researchers. Based on this, this paper adopts a hierarchical and progressive model construction method to further explore the reform model of university English teaching in the context of educational ecology. First, this paper discusses the development of the layered progressive approach in various countries and the current status of the layered progressive approach. By allowing the use of the model of the layered progressive approach, the data related to the reform of university English teaching were analyzed and organized. The combination of internal optimization, data-theoretic learning algorithms, and data federation algorithms for the model of the hierarchical incremental approach are also investigated. The results of the study show that the layered progressive model of college English teaching reform has good results through specific practical applications in a strengthened educational ecosystem.
Unleashing Potential: Performance Appraisal of Teaching Faculty in Medical and Health Professions Education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Prihatiningsih Titi Savitri
Published: March 2024

Performance appraisal refers to a formal and systematic process carried out with the intention to assess the commitment, efficiency, and performance of the employees. Performance appraisal in health-care organizations can be regarded as our answer as well as a tool to ensure that we meet our quality as well as move forward toward the attainment of the institution’s goals. This evaluation should not be looked upon as a method to find shortcomings; rather, it should be looked upon as an opportunity for the head of the departments to have a constructive dialog with their departmental faculty to bring about improvement in their performance. In conclusion, faculty members continue to be the change agents upon which the success of any curricular reform or existing activities will depend. To evaluate their efficiency and at the same time to support them in discharging their roles effectively, it is the need of the hour to employ the tool of performance appraisal in medical institutions.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes after Surgical Stabilization of Craniovertebral Junction – A Single-center Experience
Authors: Thankaraj Jithin Veliyath , Kidangan Geo Senil , Rajagopalawarrier Biju Krishnan , Rejani P. P.
Published: March 2024

Background and Objectives:

Craniovertebral instability and its surgical management require a thorough knowledge of the anatomy and dynamics of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ). Due to the wide range of mobility and proximity of vital neurovascular structures, these surgeries demand high technical skill and precision. It is very difficult to suggest a single good technique for CVJ stabilization as each procedure has got its own indications and benefits. Novel techniques and gadgets like neuro navigation and robotic arms help surgeons to minimize complications, thereby improving the overall functional outcome. In this study, we are analyzing the retrospective data of CVJ instabilities surgically managed by freehand technique in our institute.

Materials and Methods:

We did a retrospective analysis of 33 patients operated on for craniocervical junction instability for 7 years from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2021. We analyzed the clinical and radiological presentations and postoperative outcomes at 3 weeks, 6 months, and after 1 year. The distribution of clinical presentation in terms of neck pain, myelopathy, restricted neck movements, and lower cranial nerve palsy was evaluated and correlated with the demographic parameters. The paired “t”- test was used to correlate the clinical and radiological outcomes after surgery.

Results:

The paired “t” value of the clinical improvement assessed with the preoperative and postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) myelopathic scores was − 4.376 with P < 0.001, which indicates a significant clinical improvement 6 months after surgery. Among the 33 patients evaluated, only three patients developed a slight reduction in the JOA score after surgery, which was improved within 1 year. All the patients achieved satisfactory trabecular bone formation at the graft site and decorticated joint facets without any clinical or radiological evidence of implant failure. Among the C2 pedicle screws, 3 (7.5%) were having vertebral foraminal impingement, and 2 (5%) were having medial cortical violation and spinal canal impingement. All the patients with radiological evidence of implant malposition were clinically intact and did not show any deterioration of the studied myelopathic score (JOA).

Conclusions:

As the bony anatomy and the vascular course of the CVJ vary from patient to patient, thorough preoperative planning is mandatory for the surgical management of CVJ instability. In our study, the clinical and radiological improvement after surgical stabilization of craniovertebral instability by freehand technique is comparable with the available data. The overall risk of screw malposition and associated lethal complications may be minimized by adding modern technologies such as neuronavigation, robotic arms, and three-dimensional C-arm in the armamentarium.
Determination of Cutoff Diameter of Great Saphenous Vein as Indicative of SaphenoFemoral Junction Incompetence in Cases of Varicose Veins
Authors: Lahel Ranjit Singh , Chail Amit , Kumar Sangeet
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) incompetence is the most commonly attributed etiological factor in varicose veins of lower limbs with a consequent increase in the caliber of the great saphenous vein (GSV). This study aimed to assess GSV diameter to determine its cutoff diameter value for predicting reflux at the SFJ, in cases of varicose veins.

Methods:

This hospital-based prospective study was conducted on 156 patients (245 diseased limbs) over a period of 2 years, involving patients referred from the outpatient department for evaluation of varicose veins or those being evaluated as a part of preoperative assessment.

Results:

The cutoff value of GSV diameter to detect SFJ incompetence was determined at 5.4 mm with best sensitivity of 74.3%, specificity of 78.5%, and accuracy of 75.1%.

Conclusion:

GSV diameter assessment is of immense clinical importance as it can help the treating physician to filter out the false-negative cases solely being diagnosed based on reflux at SFJ, especially those with an absence of obvious clinical signs.
Role of Chemoprophylaxis in Outbreak Control of Pneumonia in an Institutional Setting
Authors: Diwate Sunil , Nema D. , Yadav Arun Kumar
Published: March 2024

Background:

The outbreak of pneumonia among young healthy recruits in military training establishments during winter months is well documented. Rapid gathering of recruits from all parts of the country in crowded living conditions exposes them to a variety of pathogens. The objective of the present investigation was to identify causes, establish diagnosis, imply control measures, and develop future strategies after the occurrence of pneumonia outbreak during winter.

Methods:

The outbreak was investigated using standard epidemiological methods and medical case sheets, X-ray findings, laboratory findings, etc., to describe the epidemiology and guide the control efforts.

Results:

Over 3 months, 67 cases of pneumonia occurred among recruits with an attack rate of 11.1/1000 recruits/month. Radiological positivity in the form of consolidation in chest X-ray was found in 100% of cases with complications like pleural effusion in seven cases, of which intercostal chest tube drainage was required in two cases. The outbreak responded rapidly following mass chemoprophylaxis with tablet azithromycin 500 mg in five doses.

Conclusion:

The outbreak of pneumonia occurred among young healthy recruits (age – 17–23 years) residing in an overcrowded dwelling. Mass chemoprophylaxis was a suitable strategy along with conventional remedial measures such as health advisories, health education, hand hygiene/respiratory hygiene etiquettes, and segregations of affected squads to control the outbreak.
Prescription Audit of the Outpatient Department of an Ophthalmic Tertiary Care Public Sector Hospital
Authors: Sahran Deepti , Seth Sankalp , Gupta Shakti Kumar , Dada Tanuj , Pandey R. M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Prescription audit is a type of vigilance activity, which is beneficial in clinical practice in terms of reducing the burden of disease because of medication errors. The aim of the audit was to study the prescribing practices of the outpatient department of an ophthalmic tertiary care public sector hospital. The objectives were to assess the drug use pattern and to recommend suggestions, if any, to improve the prescribing practices. This was a prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study.

Materials and Methods:

A study was conducted over a period of 1 month (February) to audit the ophthalmic prescriptions received at free generic pharmacy of the tertiary hospital. Data was collected using a predetermined sample size (625) and random sampling strategy. Audit of prescriptions was done and WHO drug prescription and usage indicators were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Strata 11.

Results:

Out of randomly selected 625 prescriptions, patient identification details were not properly mentioned in 23% of prescriptions. Some errors were, missing name in 8 (1.28%), missing age in 68 (10.88%), and missing gender in 65 (10.4%) prescriptions. Regarding drug prescription indicators, the doses and correct strength of drug was mentioned in 7 (1.12%) prescriptions and the route of administration of drug was not written in 17 (2.72%) prescriptions. Out of the total 1543 drugs prescribed, only 134 (8.68%) drugs were prescribed in generic form. One hundred (6.48%) drugs were prescribed from the WHO Essential Drug Formulary (EDF), 115 (7.45%) drugs were prescribed from the National EDF, and a total of 129 (8.36%) drugs were prescribed in the form of fixed-drug combinations. An average of 2.47 ± 1.51 drugs were prescribed per patient. Polypharmacy was not significant as more than five drugs were prescribed in only 4% of prescriptions.

Conclusions:

Prescription writing errors were common which include incorrect mention of patient details, route of administration, and correct dose and strength of drugs. Awareness against polypharmacy was high. Efforts should be taken to promote the usage of generic form of drugs. Standardization of prescription writing and regular conduct of audits is the way forward.
A Case Series of Pathological Gambling with Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Dubey Amresh , Ivaturi Nagesh Venkata , Rajput Mayank
Published: March 2024

With the recent advances in technology, gambling, an activity which was previously restricted to casinos and card rooms is now readily available at the click of a button in the form of online gambling, wagering, and card games. The rapid surge in availability of this addictive activity has resulted in the increasing incidence of pathological gambling (PG) among groups of society which were otherwise shielded from this ailment. Here, we present a series of three cases of PG involved in online gambling who presented with similar symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation. All three individuals had a similar work environment and were detected at their respective primary care with symptoms of low mood, reduced sleep, low appetite, and suicidal thoughts in the background of heavy financial debt and family problems owing to an irresistible urge to gamble in online games. The individuals had experienced an initial temporary success in these online games and thus developed craving to be continuously engaged in them at the cost of their personal and professional duties and well-being. Once the individuals were drained of their monetary savings completely, they resorted to borrowing money from their colleagues, relatives, and financial institutions to further gamble and win back their losses, resulting in the further aggravation of their financial burden and depressive symptoms. These individuals posed a dilemma for the treating physician whether their suicidal ideation was a result of depression or an aftermath of PG and the humiliation associated with it.