bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospects to Use Amorphous Fe–Ni–Si–B Ribbons in Contactor Cores
Authors: Rafiyev N.M. , Ahmadov V.I. , Isayeva A.A.
Published: May 2023

We consider the possibility to use an amorphous Fe–Ni–Si–B material in the core of contactors, which are widely used in connecting and disconnecting electric circuits, instead of the crystalline material of 3% electric steel. Alloys containing Fe–Ni–Si–B have been treated with the use of mechanical, thermomechanical, and magnetic fields, and the material for practical applications has been obtained. The processing modes were chosen so that a change in the performance of ferromagnetic (below the Curie temperature) alloys during the annealing could be controlled. The obtained specimens were annealed in oil at 360 ∘C in a magnetic field of 200 A/m for 200 min. The temperature mode was chosen so that the stress relaxation could occur during the annealing, and the structural changes in the material could be observed.
Factors influencing attitudes toward distance education in a sample of students learning in a disadvantaged area
Authors: Mercz-Madarassy Kitti
Published: May 2023

Investigating disadvantaged children is a priority area concerning education and health. However, little attention has been paid to pandemic-specific research in recent years. In the present study, we aim to explore the attitudes toward distance education in a sample (N = 305) of 7–8th grade students studying in disadvantaged settlements concerning the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic. Attitudes towards distance education were measured using a 16-item tool. Factor analysis was applied to detect the factors of attitudes towards distance education. Variables influencing these factors were measured by linear regression analysis including well-being, perceived stress and support, academic achievement, and sociodemographic background. The results indicate that four factors (learning difficulties, poor health, time saving and safety, and distance learning preference) can be distinguished. The effects of gender, type of settlement, deprivation and objective financial status is significant regarding distance learning preference and perceptions of poor health. Regarding health indicators, a protective role of support from teachers and a hindering role of stress indicators were found. The role academic performance was insignificant. Overall, the factors influencing attitudes towards distance education partly follow the trends of the factors influencing perceptions of traditional education. However, it is necessary to stress the crisis nature of the pandemic.
A machine learning framework for performing binary classification on tabular biomedical data
Authors: Szijártó Ádám , Fábián Alexandra , Lakatos Bálint Károly , Tolvaj Máté , Merkely Béla , Kovács Attila , Tokodi Márton
Published: May 2023

Background and aim

Over the past decades, we have witnessed an immense expansion in the arsenal and performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms. One of the most important fields that could benefit from these advancements is biomedical science. To streamline the training and evaluation of binary classifiers, we constructed a universal and flexible ML framework that uses tabular biomedical data as input.

Methods and results

Our framework requires the input data to be provided as a comma-separated values file, in which rows correspond to subjects and columns represent different features. After reading the content of this file, the framework enables the users to perform outlier detection, handle missing values, rescale features, and tackle class imbalance. Then, hyperparameter tuning, feature selection, and internal validation are performed using nested cross-validation. If an additional dataset is available, the framework also provides the option for external validation. Users may also compute SHapley Additive exPlanations values to interpret the individual predictions of the model and identify the most important features. Our ML framework was implemented in Python (version 3.9), and its source code is freely available via GitHub. In the second part of this paper, we also demonstrate the usage of the framework through a case study from the field of cardiovascular imaging.

Conclusions

The proposed ML framework enables the efficient training and evaluation of binary classifiers on tabular biomedical data. We hope our framework will serve as a useful resource for both learning and research purposes and will promote further innovation.
On the Complete Convergence of Martingale
Authors: Chang Mengmeng , Miao Yu
Published: May 2023

In the present paper, we establish the convergence rates of the single logarithm and the iterated logarithm for martingale differences which give some further results for the open question in Stoica [6].
BAG2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Promising Immunotherapy Target in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Li Chaolin , Shi Hao
Published: May 2023

Background: The importance of BAG2 in malignancy is gradually being recognized, however, information on its role in uveal melanoma (UVM) is limited. We aimed to elucidate its function and potential mechanism of action in UVM.
Methods: Using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO-related datasets, we analyzed the differential expression of BAG2 in tumors, combined with clinical information and methylation data to analyze the prognostic value of BAG2, differential methylation and its association with UVM metastasis. In addition, correlation analysis explored the immunological
characteristics of BAG2 in UVM and the response to immunotherapy. Finally, a prognostic model of ferroptosis-
related genes was constructed and validated.
Results: BAG2 is significantly downregulated in multiple cancers including UVM. Prognostic analysis showed that BAG2 was an independent prognostic factor for UVM. Abnormal methylation of BAG2 may affect the metastasis of UVM and be significantly associated with poor prognosis. Immune analysis clarified that BAG2 was significantly associated with UVM immune cell infiltration and multiple immune checkpoints, and low expression of BAG2 was more beneficial in immunotherapy. In addition, the prognostic model of ferroptosis we constructed has good performance in predicting overall survival and metastasis-free survival of UVM.
Conclusions: BAG2 is an independent prognostic factor for UVM and may be a potential immune checkpoint for UVM.
Perspective of a Pathologist on Benchmark Strategies for Artificial Intelligence Development in Organ Transplantation
Authors: Eccher Albino , Pagni Fabio , Marletta Stefano , Munari Enrico , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo
Published: May 2023

Transplant pathology of donors is a highly specialized field comprising both the evaluation of organ donor biopsy for the oncological risk transmission and to guide the organ allocation. Timing is critical in transplant procurement since organs must be recovered as soon as possible to ensure the best possible outcome for the recipient. To all this is added the fact that the evaluation of a donor causes difficulties in many cases and the impact of these assessments is paramount,
considering the possible recovery of organs that would have been erroneously discarded or, conversely, the possibly
correct discarding of donors with unacceptable risk profiles. In transplant pathology histology is still the gold standard for diagnosis dictating the subsequent decisions and course of clinical care. Digital pathology has played an important role in accelerating healthcare progression and nowadays artificial intelligence powered computational pathology can effectively improve diagnostic needs, supporting the quality and safety of the process. Mapping the shape of the journey would suggest a progressive approach from supervised to semi/unsupervised models, which would involve training these models directly for clinical endpoints. In machine learning, this generally delivers better performance, compensating for a potential lack in interpretability. With planning and enough confidence in the performance of learning-based methods from digital pathology and artificial intelligence, there is great potential to augment the diagnostic quality and correlation with clinical endpoints. This may improve the donor pool and vastly reduce diagnostic and prognostic errors that are known but currently are unavoidable in transplant donor pathology.
Umfrage zur Digitalisierung in der Arbeitsmedizin
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Voss Amanda S. , Görtz Rüdiger Stephan ,   MHBA, B·A·D GmbH, Erlangen, Brümmer-Smith Stefanie ,   Oracle Cerner GmbH, Berlin, Wolfschmidt Anna ,   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander- Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Dahlke Eva ,   B·A·D GmbH, Bonn
Published: May 2023

Die Digitalisierung im Gesundheitswesen hält zunehmend Einzug in den arbeitsmedizinischen Alltag. Wo stehen wir? In welchen Bereichen besteht weiteres Potenzial? Die folgenden Umfrageergebnisse geben einen Einblick.
Prekäre Beschäftigung und depressive Symptomatik – geschlechtsabhängige Assoziationen
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Gruppe 3.2 Psychische Belastung und Mentale Gesundheit, Fachbereich 3 Arbeit und Gesundheit, Berlin, Burr Hermann
Published: May 2023

Precarious work and depressive symptoms: gender-related associations Introduction: Longitudinal studies indicate that men are at greater risk than women of developing symptoms of depression as a result of precarious work. A South Korean study suggests that household position may explain this difference. The question arises as to whether these risk differences could be explained by the position in the household (i.e. living alone without a partner or living with a partner). Methods: The analysis was based on a cohort of 2,009 employees from the “Mental Health at Work Study” (S-MGA) (Rose et al. 2017). Five indicators of precarious work were used: subjective job insecurity, marginal employment, temporary employment, low wages (net hourly wage <60 % of the median) and episodes of unemployment in the past – also summarised in an index of precarious work. Possible associations between precarious work during the period 2012–2017 and depressive symptoms in 2017 were examined by logistic regression analysis – stratified by gender and position in the household (i.e. living alone without a partner or living with a partner) in 2012 and adjusted for depressive symptoms, age, occupational status and partnership status in 2012. Results: Position in the household had no significant interactions with the indicators of precarious work or an index of precarious work among either women or men. Conclusion: It is still unclear why, in many studies, the risks of developing depressive symptoms from precarious work are higher in men than in women. Keywords: precarious work – depressive symptoms – gender differences – longitudinal study
The liberation of Crimea: the retreat of the Romanian Mountain Corps under the attack of the Soviet troops in April 1944
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Malyutina Tatiana P.
Published: May 2023

The article analyses the retreat of the Romanian Mountain Corps under the attack of the Soviet troops in Crimea during April 1944. In order to understand the reasons of the retreat of the Romanian Corps, as well as other Romanian and German divisions and corps, the author examines the events of the beginning of the Crimean strategic offensive operation. For this purpose, the author uses memories of Soviet military leaders and participants of the events, works of Russian and foreign researchers. For the first time documents of the Trophy Fund of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation are introduced into scholarly discourse. The author infers that the Crimean strategic offensive operation was unexpected for the Romanians. The commanders of the 17th German Army, in turn, allowed the possibility of such events and developed a plan for evacuating its troops to Sevastopol in advance. The plan was called Adler. The evacuation was to be carried out in stages and without any panic. The Nazis planned to blow up all the strategically important objects, railways, highways, warehouses and even cultural heritage sites. They hoped to keep the regime of secrecy as long as possible. However, their plans thwarted by a powerful, quick and decisive offensive of the Separate Seaside Army from Kerch and the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front from Perekop and Sivash, the northern part of the Crimean Peninsula. The main research problem of the article is the question of the heavy losses of the Romanian troops in April 1944. During their retreat to Sevastopol, Romanians lost 17,652 soldiers and officers (killed and captured) out of 63,500, which is almost a third of their contingent in Crimea. The author came to the following conclusions. Firstly, the command of the 17th German Army tried to save the German division at the expense of Romanian divisions: Romanian brigades often formed the rear guard of the retreating troops. That iss why there were some conflicts between Romanians and Germans during the retreat. Secondly, the morale of the Romanians was not at a high level. Many of them did not understand the purpose of the war in Crimea. They were distressed by the fact that the Soviet troops had already invaded Romania. Therefore, some Romanian brigades did not resist and surrendered, preferring it to death. Thirdly, the Soviet troops led the offensive very quickly; as a result, chaos and panic developed among the fascist troops. Romanian commanders and staffs lost contact with their troops. The invaders, who managed to break through to Sevastopol and hoped to save themselves behind its fortifications, did not know yet that Sevastopol would be liberated by the Soviet troops on 9 May 1944.
The stages of the trial in the Kalmyk steppe in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries: Features of law enforcement practice
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ochirov Utash B. , Shurguchieva Victoria S. ,   Oktyabrskiy District Court
Published: May 2023

The article aims to study the stages of the trial in the Kalmyk steppe in the second half of the 19th century and to identify special law enforcement practices. The study is based on the analysis of the imperial legislation and documentary materials from the funds of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. The legal norms of Section II, On Judicial Proceedings in Ulus Zargo, of the Provisions on the Administration of the Kalmyk People (1847) can be grouped according to the thematic principle: the purpose and sources of legal proceedings in the ulus courts; participants in the trial; punishment; execution of punishment. Unfortunately, the legislator in this normative act did not consider in detail the procedure of the proceedings, which determined the relevance of the article. The study is based on the principles of scientificity and objectivity. The research methods were: reconstructive, which restored the stages of judicial proceedings; comparative historical, which revealed the general patterns and features in the functioning of judicial proceedings in the Kalmyk steppe; and historical genetic, which established the cause-andeffect relationship in the judicial proceedings’ development. In the course of the study, the authors emphasize the analysis of the case management practice of the ulus directorates in the field of judicial proceedings, thus highlighting their three main stages in the Kalmyk steppe in the specified period. The first stage is the preliminary investigation; the second is the trial itself; the third is the execution of the verdict. The authors note that the Provisions of 1847, for the first time in the imperial legislative practice on regulating the vital activity of the Kalmyk people, took into account the level of their well-being in the punishment. The authors conclude that the legal proceedings in the Kalmyk steppe during the analysed period were characterised by the following features: (1) the incompetence of judges, who had a low level of education, not to mention legal literacy, was typical for this period; (2) the judicial system was not independent from the administrative power, because ulus guardians and their assistants played an essential role in the work of ulus Zargo, and since 1892 they started managing the courts; (3) despite the fact that, after the judicial reforms of Alexander II, openness, adversariality, equality of the parties were declared as the basic principles of justice, the ulus Zargo did not implement these principles, since these reforms did not apply to foreign societies of the Russian Empire.
The heroes of the 1991 August Coup: glimpses of the portrait of Dmitry Yazov, a member of the State Committee on the State of Emergency
Authors:   Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Service of Russia, Reent Yuri A.
Published: May 2023

The article is dedicated to the thirtieth anniversary of the events called the 1991 August Coup and regarded as an attempt of a takeover. One of its key participants was Dmitry Timofeevich Yazov, the last Marshal of the Soviet Union. The article presents Yazov’s opinion on the causes and nature of the actions of members of the State Committee on the State of Emergency and also a description of the situation by the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic who took part in the so-called release of Mikhail Gorbachev and the arrest of state leaders accused of attempting a conspiracy to remove him from the post of the president of the USSR. Taking into account evaluations given by representatives of the two opposite “sides” of the conflict, the author traces the changing perception of the domestic political events of that time. To solve the research problem, the author studied not only materials from various media and accessible normative documents, but also memories of real participants in the described confrontation. The mentioned sources, including the author’s personal acquaintance with the main character of the article, determined to a great extent the novelty of the study. The formed data bank is quite representative to understand the indicated problem. The main methodological principles of the study are scientific objectivity and historicism. The specific events of Yazov’s life are described in the context of political processes taking place in the country. Nevertheless, the main objective of the article is to reveal the identity of the prominent military leader against the background of the events of the August Coup and their influence on his subsequent life. He did not deny mistakes, but insisted that it did not affect his conscience and officer’s honor. In the author’s opinion, Yazov’s most important conclusion regarding the events of August 1991 is that the idea of creating the State Committee on the State of Emergency was provoked by President Gorbachev himself. As for Boris Yeltsin, he only took an advantage of the situation in order to gain full power. This indirectly confirms the existence of problems in the formation of political and legal culture in the implementation of major state reforms. The material of the article can be useful to everyone who is interested in the latest history of Russia. It records little-known but important elements of the activities of statesmen and state bodies during one of the most acute political breaks in national history.
International legal characterization of e-commerce regulation in the US and the EU
Authors:   MGIMO University, Vylegzhanin Alexander N. , Shtodina Daria D. ,   MGIMO University
Published: May 2023

This article reveals the main trends in the regulation of international trade in modern international law. The aim of the article is to analyze the current sources of international trade law aimed at regulating online commerce in cyberspace, which has become the object of regulation in many regional international agreements, as well as to compare the approaches of the US and the EU to the regulation of commercial activities in cyberspace, in particular on the issue of personal data protection. The authors explore the problem of online commerce regulation by using comparative and critical methods of analysis, i.e. comparing the legal regulation in the United States and the EU and their critical evaluation. The authors also analyze the problem of personal data protection in cyberspace in this kind of commercial activity, taking into account the existing risks. The material for the study is based on the international legal regulation of trade, the so-called “soft law” norms adopted in the framework of UNSTIRAL, the US legislation (for example, the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC), the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA), the Electronic Signatures in International and Internal Commerce Act) and the EU law, especially the EU Regulation 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and its free circulation. The article examines online commerce as an object of international law, types of online commerce and existing contracts of sale in cyberspace, then examines in detail the sources of regulation of online commerce in the US and EU, taking into account the legal development, then analyzes the problems of personal data protection and the difference between the US approach, expressed in minimal interference in the activities of entities involved in trade (the so-called “laissez-faire” approach), and the EU “paternalistic” approach, consisting in detailed regulation of rules of commercial activity To conclude, the authors have examined the issue related to the prospects of legal regulation of online commerce, taking into account the differences between the EU and its member states and the United States. A possible way out of this problem could be consistent cooperation based on bilateral agreements on specialized issues, adherence to the principles of international online trade set out in a New EU-U.S. Agenda for Global Change and the creation of a free trade area (FTA) between the EU and the U.S.
Digital crime object
Authors:   Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation, Dolgieva Madina M.
Published: May 2023

The study aims to analyze the transitional provisions of the digital era and their adaptation to the existing criminal law realities, to determine the signs of a digital object of crime and the main question of whether such digital objects are protected by the criminal law of the country. The transition of economic relations to electronic services and social networks was the reason for the transformation of crime from real to virtual and led to the emergence of the term “digital crimes” in the science of criminal law, which requires a conceptual justification of the concept of a digital object of crime, to which the author, in a highly specialized sense, refers social relations that develop upon the turnover of digital financial assets, virtual assets and cryptocurrencies. After digital technologies have turned into general-purpose technologies affecting all sectors of the economy and society, the usual criminal-legal approach to determining the object of encroachment has become unnecessarily blunt, since the criminal law contains a sufficiently large number of elements of crimes referring to various kinds of normative legal acts regulating virtual legal relations. At the same time, such legislation is vague and does not solve law enforcement issues. During the preparation of the article, formal-logical methods were mainly used for the analysis of socio-legal phenomena. The author draws attention to the fact that social realities require the defining of the boundaries of secure communication in the digital and information spheres, the subject and mechanisms of its legal support and protection. At the same time, the definition of the digital object of crime is justified in the context of classical theories of the object of crime, innovative trends, and actualization of the doctrine of criminal law. Based on the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the axiology of the digital object of crime caused by public attitude to it obliges the state to consolidate it as a social value and put it among those protected by criminal law, including them in the list of objects of civil rights. The digital object of crime is socially significant values and benefits of subjects of virtual property relations that develop in the sphere of turnover of digital financial assets, virtual currency and cryptocurrencies, subject to criminal protection, which the guilty person encroaches on, wishing to cause damage to their owner. The concept of the digital object of crime proposed by the author in this regard is a timely and relevant solution to a number of problems of the qualification of digital crimes.
Occasional word- and phrase-creating in Sergei Yesenin’s literary prose
Authors:   Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin, Lavrentev Vitaly А. , Logacheva Elena V. ,   Ryazan State Medical University named after academician I.P. Pavlov
Published: May 2023

The language of Sergei Yesenin’s prose is still poorly studied. The article aims to analyze Yesenin’s individual authorial formations extracted by the method of continuous sampling from the story Yar, the short story “Bobyl and Druzhok” and the novella At White Water. The main methods of analysis were descriptive, component, and contextual ones. As a result of the study, we identified Yesenin’s individual authorial lexemes, bilexemes and phraseological units. We recorded occasional names of everyday objects, natural phenomena, as well as names of people, animals and body parts formed by suffixation, prefixation and suffixation, and composition. For the derivation of adjectives the writer uses suffixation (with various suffixes, sometimes unproductive), occasional patterns (with missing stages in the derivation chain), and composition. To coin verbs, Yesenin chooses mainly prefixation-suffixation and prefixation-suffixation-postfixation methods. He also adds a derivational morpheme to an onomatopoetic word, which is occasional by nature. When coining participles and adverbs, Yesenin uses mainly traditional schemes, but takes the stems of occasional and dialect verbs as generating ones. His adverbs are mostly lexical occasionalisms and are formed mainly by prefixation-suffixation. We also recorded authorial particles and interjections in Yesenin’s prose. A features of the writer’s individual creative manner is the presence of the so-called bilexemes his works. Yesenin’s prose contains occasional phraseological units, in which a unit’s component is replaced, a unit is part of a comparative construction with a completely replaced predicative component, a unit is broken, a unit’s composition is expanded, several units are combined, a unit is shortened or dephraseologized. A separate group is units with the concept “God” – these are modified set phrases and formations created by Yesenin himself. The structural and semantic analysis of the transformed and authorial phraseological units showed their main functions: emotive, evaluative, transmitting additional information and saving speech resources. Transforming a phraseological unit, Yesenin introduces various semantic clarifications, enhances expression and achieves a comic effect. Occasionalisms are found both in the author’s speech and in characters’ remarks. The performed analysis of Yesenin’s individual authorial formations from literary prose, as well as the appeal to the poet’s lyrics give us grounds to conclude that, for Yesenin, occasional words and phrasess are not just a means of expression, but an integral element of his individual style that, on the one hand, emphasizes the originality of his language, and, on the other, brings it closer to the poetic traditions of folk speech, which indicates the versatility of Yesenin’s talent.
The specificity of the coverage of the historical and local history topic in online publications (on the example of the materials of Tomskiy Obzor, 2018–2020)
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Mazurov Alexandr E.
Published: May 2023

The article deals with the specifics of the coverage of the historical and local history topic in online publications using the materials of Tomskiy Obzor as an example. The thematic diversity of materials, historical periods covered, genre picture, work with information sources are analyzed. The media are one of the main channels for broadcasting historical knowledge to a mass audience. Historical materials on the federal agenda often take on a journalistic tinge and serve to express a position within the framework of socio-political speeches. In the regions, local history materials are also gaining more and more popularity – many online publications start special sections, and publications covering the historical past often become the most read. The aim of this study is to identify the specifics of the coverage of historical and local history topics in online publications. The material for the study is 178 local history texts of Tomskiy Obzor published in 2018–2020. The work uses methods of genre research, genre analysis, and content analysis. The study concludes that in 2018–2020 Tomskiy Obzor’s local history materials focused mainly on pre-revolutionary history. Despite the prevalence of a neutral position in relation to historical events, the materials created a certain stable and contradictory image of the historical past. The materials of the publication covered both the tourist side of history, characteristic of the media, with architecture, industrial development, enterprises, patrons and merchants, and the secret life of the city, showing robberies, everyday life with pubs, prostitution, and domestic violence. Another conclusion is that local history materials are often full-fledged historical studies with many welldeveloped historical sources, which ensures their exclusivity. It is through the study of a large number of documentary sources that the functions of local history materials are formed: most of the texts are aimed at the audience’s cognitive interest. Despite the prevalence of information journalism genres, a large number of photojournalism genres appear in online publications. There are also analytical and literary journalistic materials on historical and local history topics. The key difference between online publications is the emergence of modern multimedia genre forms, in particular longreads, which are characterized by a deep study of the covered topic, as well as experimental formats.
Symbolic violence in social theory of Pierre Bourdieu: Reception in the religious sphere
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine, Boreiko Yuriі , Kulakevych Mykhailo ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the article is to uncover the potential of symbolic violence in the religious sphere on the basis of an analysis of P. Bourdieu's social space concept. The achievement of the goal involves solutions for the following tasks: a) to determine the peculiarities of the rivalry of religious relations subjects for domination in the religious field; b) to find out the impact specifics of the symbolic resource depending on the religious interests and needs of individuals. The theoretical basis of the study is based on P. Bourdieu's concept of social space, which is built around the triad "field" – "capital" – "habitus". The basis of symbolic violence in the religious field is, on the one hand, the competition for monopoly on symbolic capital, on the other, the laity's demand for religious needs and the supply of capital by religious instances – individuals or instituts. Religious habitus determines the nature, form and effectiveness of strategies that may involve religious authorities to the activities distribution for the satisfaction of their own religious interests. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is the understanding of the rivalry of agents of the religious field for the possession of symbolic capital as a struggle for recognition by other entities, as well as by laity as consumers of religious services. Social recognition is seen as a vital need of individuals, rooted in the intersubjective conditions of their activity and dependent on the approving reactions of an entourage. Within the religious field, symbolic violence unfolds depending on the individuals' or instituts' position in the structure of the religious power distribution, as well as the nature of competition for the monopoly on the production and disposal of religious capital. Religious capital acts as a tool of domination, which allows to commit symbolic violence in the religious sphere by imposing senses, meanings, norms, rules. Consequently, practices of symbolic violence function in the form of introducing into the habitus of individuals perceptions of the social world based on religious values. The rivalry of participants in the struggle for monopoly ownership of symbolic capital in the religious field of – a "church", a "prophet" and a "sorcerer" – is accompanied by the establishment of religious pluralism and a free "religions market".
Modern technologies for diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases
Authors: Tyukavin Alexander I. , Solomennikov Alexander V. , Umarov Sergey Z.
Published: May 2023

The lecture covers the morphofunctional organization of the visual sensory system. The structure of the visual organ is presented, with particular attention given to the eye structures responsible for conducting and perceiving visible light. The peculiarities of the eyes optical system and the mechanisms of the formation and circulation of aqueous humor in the eye are discussed. The prevalence of eye diseases is shown, and the most relevant types of pathology are identified. Modern high-tech diagnostic and therapeutic technologies used in conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, cataracts, and glaucoma are discussed. Modern individual optical devices for the correction of accommodation disorders in adults and children (glasses, contact lenses, refractive surgery) are also presented.
International Legal Issues and Challenges of the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) Program : Focused on the Denuclearization of Ukraine
Authors:   The Legal Studies Institute of Chosun University, Ahn Jun-Hyeong
Published: May 2023

There are many skepticisms about the prospect of North Korea's denuclearization due to North Korea's strong willingness to possess nuclear weapons and the polarization of the international community. However, the “mission of peaceful unification” stipulated in the preamble of the Republic of Korea's constitution is difficult to make progress without North Korea's denuclearization process. The issue of establishing a peace regime on the Korean Peninsula is inseparable from the issue of North Korea's denuclearization. Therefore, it is necessary to individually review various denuclearization paths that North Korea may take and seek different policy directions suitable for them. To this end, an in-depth review of the state practice that has succeeded in denuclearization is necessary. Among them, Ukraine, which succeeded to nuclear weapons following the dissolution of the former Soviet Union in 1991 and became the world's third-largest nuclear power, has significant implications for North Korea's denuclearization in that it went through denuclearization negotiations in pursuit of security from Russia.
Since the cost of denuclearization is considerable, external technical and financial support is also a very important factor in inducing denuclearization to countries with poor economic conditions such as North Korea. In Ukraine, which was in a similar situation, U.S. financial support through the “Cooperative Threat Reduction”(CTR) program had a significant impact on the denuclearization decision. Of course, there are significant differences between North Korea and the former Soviet Union, but the CTR concept could be a powerful tool to support verifiable reductions and dismantlement of North Korea's nuclear weapons and other WMDs and their means of projection. Accordingly, this paper analyzes the international legal implications based on the institutional basis of the Ukrainian CTR program and derives S. Korea's countermeasures.
Longitudinal waves in the walls of an annular channel filled with liquid and made of a material with fractional nonlinearity
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Mogilevich Lev , Popova Elizaveta ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: May 2023

Purpose of this paper is to study the evolution of longitudinal strain waves in the walls of an annular channel filled with a viscous incompressible fluid. The walls of the channel were represented as coaxial shells with fractional physical nonlinearity. The viscosity of the fluid and its influence on the wave process was taken into account within the study. Metods. The system of two evolutionary equations, which are generalized Schamel equations, was obtained by the two-scale asymptotic expansion method. The fractional nonlinearity of the channel wall material leads to the necessity to use a computational experiment to study the wave dynamics in them. The computational experiment was conducted based on obtaining new difference schemes for the governing equations. These schemes are analogous to the Crank–Nicholson scheme for modeling heat propagation. Results. Numerical simulation showed that over time, the velocity and amplitude of the deformation waves remain unchanged, and the wave propagation direction concurs with the positive direction of the longitudinal axis. The latter specifies that the velocity of the waves is supersonic. For a particular case, the coincidence of the computational experiment with the exact solution is shown. This substantiates the adequacy of the proposed difference scheme for the generalized Schamel equations. In addition, it was shown that solitary deformation waves in the channel walls are solitons.
Vedic Methodology That Highlights the Benefits of Sunlight between Twilight and Sunrise/Sunset
Authors: Chaganti Venkata , Cheruvu Murali
Published: May 2023

Memory destroying diseases such as dementia do not have effective medication. Various approaches including Infrared (IR) and Near-Infrared (NIR) therapies have been partially successful with potential side effects.  Laser or LED based Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been relatively better in treating various diseases including Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). However, finding the appropriate wavelengths and intensities for the therapies continue to create challenges. We have calculated the intensity, energy, and power delivered by Sunrays in the region [IR + Red] during the Twilight to Sunrise and Sunset to Twilight timings (time of interest) to the retinae of closed eyes, opened eyes, and to the skin of humans. Based on the intensity, energy, and power these Sunrays in the region [IR + Red] during the “time of interest”, we propose that these Sunrays in the region [IR + Red] can help humans use NIR therapy to mitigate TBI, mitigate wide range of neurological and psychological conditions, improve alpha rhythm, treat visual diseases, be good for skin, reduce aging, eliminate wrinkles on face, promote tissue regeneration, reduce swelling, reduce inflammation, relieve pain, non‐thermally induce cytocidal effects in cancer cells, induce cell killing of cancer cells. Our methodology is extracted from Vedic Mantras.
Resist the type of BWH attack: through introducing discount factor and withdrawal threshold into Bitcoin
Authors: Wei Bizhong , Xiao Zihan , Zhang Fan
Published: May 2023

Aim: Since the emergence of the Block Withholding (BWH) attack, the prevailing approach in the environment has been to avoid attacking each other as a means of eliminating the threat posed by this attack. However, there is currently no effective and simple scheme to entirely prevent such attacks. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel blockchain model that combines the discount factor and withdrawal threshold to resist the risks associated with these attacks. Methods: This paper provides an overview of blockchain models and the BWH attack. We constructed a network simulation model based on the physical logic of Bitcoin and introduced the discount factor and withdrawal threshold as new parameters to enhance the model's resistance to BWH attacks. We evaluated the effect of these parameters on the model's ability to defend against BWH attacks from the perspective of rewards. Results: This paper presents a novel blockchain model that integrates discount factors and withdrawal thresholds and examines attacker behavior in this model from a rewards-based perspective by comparing different computational environments. Our experimental data indicate that this model has significant advantages in resisting BWH attacks. Conclusion: The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model is highly effective in resisting profit-driven BWH attacks, with a 98% chance of successfully resisting such attacks at a fixed computational power. This indicates that the proposed model can effectively eliminate the potential threat posed by BWH attacks.
DESIGN OF AN INVENTORY INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR LABORATORY SUPPLIES
Authors: Noor Razikin  , Yuslena Sari  , Erika Maulidiya
Published: May 2023

Data is inaccurate because it does not have a relevant data repository, data can be lost or damaged, inefficient data search and technicians cannot know for sure the amount of stock available. Based on some of the research above, the inventory information system for Laboratory goods in the Information Technology Study Program will be designed and built based on a website using the Laravel framework. The system development method used is the Incremental model. Incremental models are the result of a combination of elements from the waterfall model that are applied repeatedly, or it can be called a combination of the waterfall model and the Prototype Model. During testing, many errors were found in the system. Testing was carried out 4 times with a total of 164 test cases. In the first test, 98 bugs were found which were then reported to the programmer to be fixed. In the second test, 40 errors were found, in the third test, 19 errors were found, and in the last test conducted by the examiner, 0 bugs were found. The design of the Laboratory Goods Inventory Information System (SIMBA) begins with analyzing the weaknesses of the old system using the PIECES method. Then proceed with conducting a system requirements analysis and system feasibility analysis. After the analysis phase, it is continued with the design stage which begins with the UML design method.
Demographic Problems of Europe and the World
Authors: Fal’tsman V.
Published: May 2023

The demographic explosion in developing countries is the key problem of the future. During the post-war period, the world’s population has tripled and continues to grow. Anthropogenic pressure on the environment has become so significant that the main issue is the survival of mankind itself (Human Development Report 2020). The problem is of special importance for Europe, many countries of which have entered a phase of depopulation and are subject to forced migration from Asian and African countries. The problem of exceeding the permissible limits of the anthropogenic load has grown from a purely theoretical to a practical one in terms of combating poverty, preserving the environment, stopping climate change and protecting population from repeated waves of the global pandemic. In Europe the demographic explosion resulted in mass unauthorized migration, the illegal annexation of the living space by migrants from overpopulated countries of Africa and Asia. Under these conditions, the need to limit further population growth became undoubted. The only question that remains debatable is how to achieve these results. This article focuses on the methods of integrated birth regulation by reducing gender inequality, increasing the human development index of lagging countries and effective international assistance to these countries. At the international level it is proposed to develop and implement and Agreement on population growth control and regulation, similar to the Paris Climate Agreement and develop the ideas of habitat conservation.
Perawatan Stoma pada Bayi dengan Malformasi Anorektal Letak Tinggi tanpa Fistula di Ruang Neonatal Intensive Care Unit : Studi Kasus
Authors: Asmira  , Fransisca Lio  , Sri Deviyanti  , Kadek Ayu Erika  , Nur Fadilah  , Irmayanti
Published: May 2023

Anorectal malformation without fistula is a congenital disorder that requires a colostomy. Stoma care is very important to prevent infection in neonates, with good care it is hoped that there will be no damage to the integrity of the skin area around the stoma.

This study was to report changes in skin color around the stoma in infants with high anorectal malformations without fistulas in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) after stoma treatment.

Using a case study design by describing the nursing care given to baby S with a gestational age of 38 weeks in a level III A NICU room at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar. Data were collected through observation and documentation of stoma care twice at an 8-day interval. Presentation of data using narrative in explaining the results obtained from case studies

After the stoma treatment, the skin color appears reddish, and there is no necrotic. Interventions performed on infants with colostomy are stoma care to prevent damage to skin integrity. On were the first observation before the stoma treatment, the skin color around the stoma was brownish and there was necrotic then, after the stoma treatment, the skin color appeared reddish, there was no necrotic.

 In conclusion, changes in the skin color of the area around the stoma improved after treatment, the patient's stoma appeared to change from brown and there was necrotic to reddish color and no necrotic.
Efektivitas Senam Kebugaran untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup pada Lansia di Posyandu Mawar Agung Desa Ceporan Kec.Gantiwarno Kab.Klaten
Authors: Suyamto Suyamto
Published: May 2023

Elderlies registered at Posyandu Mawar Agung experienced various health problems. They reported increase uric acid with general complaints of joint pain, hypertension with complaints of frequent dizziness, stroke with complaints that all activities need help, rheumatism with complaints of swelling in the joints and pain when moving and sleep disturbances, from some of the health problems found that affect their daily activities. There is a demand for an elderly fitness exercise to reduce these health problems.

This study examined the effect of fitness exercises on elderlies’ quality of life. 

The quasy experimental study was conducted to test the hypotheses. Total 118 elderlies registered at the Mawar Agung Posyandu, Ceporan Village, Gantiwarno Klaten`were invited. Pre post test with control group study design was applied.

Results revealed that quality of life scores improved higher in experimental group than in control group. The imporved score gap between two groups was 6,08 ± 7,55 (p: 0.001)

In conclusion, there was a significant scores discrepancy between experimental and control group. Fitnes gymnastic could improved quality of life of the Mawar Agung Posyandu. Helth educators were sugested to promote quality of life among elderlies in posyandu by fitnes exercises activities.