bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Religion in Social Classification and Social Orders: A Study of Catholicism in A Tibetan Village in Yunnan
Authors: HU Mengyin
Published: July 2021

"This article attempts a new perspective upon Catholicism in a Chinese Tibetan village> Cizhong of Yunnan Province. The article reviews the discussion on social classification by Durham and Bourdicu>and argues that Catholicism? together with the other local religion——Tibetan Buddhism——functions as a social classification inside the village. Catholicism>as well as Buddhism>involves a whole set of rules for the practice of daily life>that arc followed by villagers in Cizhong. By this social classification? the village achieves harmony under a reasonable order. The article> based on months of fieldwork,argues two things： First, how Catholicism has become a “local“ religion; and second, how the social classification functions in village affairs. The former focuses on historical material and reveals that Catholicism has gradually transformed to a “native“ religion> in some sense>during the past century after it was brought there by French missionaries. ’I'his transformation can be seen in the change of missionaries^ image in local legends and villagers' narrative. The latter is based on current empirical material from fieldwork and demonstrates that villagers have created a new order out of the two sets of practices>one rooted in Catholicism and the other in Tibetan Buddhism, to manage social affairs and sustain balance or harmony in the village. Though the tension between the two religions still exists> a new order that shifts delicately between the two is practiced in most situations like funerals.
Modifikasi Kunci Kontak Menggunakan Perintah Suara (Arduino Uno R3) Pada Sepeda Motor
Authors: Hasan Indra , Denur  , Zukriady Reky
Published: July 2021

Motorcycles are the most in demand vehicles in Indonesia. The number of users of these two-wheeled vehicles continues to increase every year. However, the increasing number of motor vehicles is also accompanied by increasing crimes against motorcycle users. To solve the problem, it is designed a security tool on motorcycles that can turn motorcycles on and off using voice commands based on arduino uno r3 connected to bluetooth on smartphones. It aims to tackle and reduce the number of crimes against motorcycle users.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT UJI KEAUSAN (TRIBOMETER) DENGAN PENGGERAK MOTOR TIPE XD – 135
Authors: PARTAMA PUTRA
Published: July 2021

Every object that moves and comes in contact with one another must experience friction. Friction or commonly referred to as friction is a force that restricts the sliding or rolling motion of an object against another object. The design and manufacturing stage of the tibometer test device, which uses a motor type XD - 135 as a driving force with a maximum load of 98N, knows the dimensions of the components (tribometer) to be made. The design process is carried out by determining the specifications of the equipment to be made, making the design concept of the wear test equipment, making the design of the wear test equipment, the manufacturing process of the wear test equipment. The design and manufacture results in a tibometer test device with specifications of rotation speed 212.12 rpm, linear speed 448.9 mm / s, maximum normal load 98 N, normal force 49 N, stroke length 70mm.
ANALISIS PENGARUH TINGKAT KEBISINGAN PADA STASIUN STERILIZER TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR OPERATOR
Authors: Yul Faradila Ananda , Dermawan Dedi , Aldiyanti Fira Putri
Published: July 2021

Palm Oil Mill PT. Surya Intisari Raya, Sei Lukut is a plantation company engaged in the commodity palm oil FFB (Fresh Fruit Bunches), with output in the form of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) and Palm Kernel (PK). There are 13 processing stations at PKS that have high noise levels, one of which is a sterilizer station which can disrupt operator psychology, namely Sleep Disturbance. In the field survey, it was found that operators experienced concentration problems such as drowsiness, and not all of them used ear protection in the form of earplugs/earmuffs. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the noise level at the sterilizer station and to analyze its effect on the operator's sleep quality using an observational analytic cross-sectional approach. Noise in the workplace was measured using a sound level meter and the sleep quality of workers was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Based on the results of noise level measurements, 4 processes have noise above the Threshold Limit Value, namely Deaeration of 89.824 dB, Containment of 92.548 dB, Peak BlowDown by 2 of 96.45 dB, and Final of 102.77 dB. Based on the results of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, 100% of Morning Shift and Night Shift workers have poor sleep quality. To overcome this problem, several suggestions were made, namely to carry out periodic health checks for operators, ensure that operators who are exposed to noise always wear an earplug/earmuff, and minimize exposure to noise above the NAB to operators by keeping noise points away from the operator's premises.
RANCANG BANGUN KOMPONEN TUMPUAN PENDORONG KAYU CHIP PADA CHAIN FEED TO CHIPPER
Authors: HIDAYAT BONI
Published: July 2021

Chain Feed to Chipper is one of the equipment in the Wood Handling machine of the paper company PT. Indah Kiat Pulp & Paper Perawang, whose main function is to carry logs before chipping by the Chipper machine as raw material for making Pulp, but in the process it works Chain The feed has not been damaged at the deadline, namely the bearings of the Chain Feed made of solid iron are damaged, loose and enter the Chipper engine, thus damaging the parts in the Chipper engine, this of course requires a large cost in repairing the parts that are Therefore, research on the cause of damage or bearing limits of the Chain Feed was carried out and finally redesigned the Chain Feed, namely redesigning it by removing the bearings on the chain, by designing adding a triangular plate to replace the bearings as a means of carrying logs on the chain. Chain Feed. After re-designing the Chain Feed, the risk of damage to the bearings entering the Chipper engine is no longer there
Effectiveness of currently used urinary preservatives in preserving high demand biochemical analytes. A study in the context of Sri Lankan laboratory setting
Authors: Hewapathirana P. L. , Abeywardena H. N. G. , Uluwaduge D. I. , Amarasinghe N. S. , Perera K. C. , Bandara E. M. S.
Published: July 2021

Analysis of 24-hour urine composition is widely used in diagnosis of acute and
chronic kidney diseases. In Sri Lanka, no guidelines are available on
preservation of urine. This study aimed to identify an effective preservation
technique/s among currently practiced techniques in laboratories to maintain
chemical stability of high demand bio chemical analytes in a 24-hour urine
collection. An experimental study was undertaken using urine samples from volunteers
(n=42, National Hospital of Sri Lanka and University of Sri Jayawardenepura,
Nugegoda, Sri Lanka). Each sample was divided in to 10 ml aliquots; Out of the
lot, one was preserved without any preservative and another refrigerated at 4ºC
for 24 hours. Other aliquots were preserved for 24-hours by addition of
following preservatives in a 24-hour collection: boric acid g/ urine (5, 7.5, 10),
sodium azide g/ urine (0.3, 0.6, 0.9), HCl ml/ urine (1N;10ml, 6N;10ml, 25ml
and 30ml). The aliquots with preservatives were kept at room temperature for 24
hours. Protein, Creatinine, Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO43- concentrations were measured in
each aliquot. Least mean squared error for each analyte in different preservatives
was calculated. For protein and creatinine, least mean squared error was given by, 10g/L boric acid. That of Ca2+, Mg2+ and PO43 were observed when the sample was
refrigerated or after addition of 10g/L boric acid as the preservative. Sodium azide and HCl that are utilized in current practice as preservatives for 24-hour urine collections do not show better performance in selected analytes. Boric acid (10g/L) is more effective in persevering protein and creatinine. Due to practical issues in acquiring refrigeration facilities, Ca2+, Mg and PO4 3- also can be preserved effectively by using the same preservative. Consequently, Boric acid (10g/L) could be recommended as an effective preservative to preserve selected analytes in 24-hour urine collection
National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology: 100 Years of History
Authors: Usova Irina A. , Lutfullin Marsel F.
Published: July 2021

In 2021, the National Medical Research Center of Rehabilitation and Balneology celebrates its centenary. The article highlights thenascent stages of the one among the specialized scientific institutions in the field of balneology founded in the country in the earlyyears of the Soviet regime.
Rehabilitation of Patients with Severe Disability after coVID-19 in Rehabilitation Department. Multiple Case Study
Authors: Vladimirsky Vladimir E. , Vladimirsky Evgeniy V. , Lunina Anna N. , Fesyun Anatoliy D. , Rachin Andrey P. , Lebedeva Olga D. , Yakovlev Maxim Yu.
Published: July 2021

The review analyzes the data of scientific publications on the effects of molecular mechanisms initiated by physical exertion on thefunction of the cardiovascular system and the course of cardiac diseases. As practice and a number of evidence-based studies haveshown, the beneficial effects of physical activity on the outcomes of diseases in a number of cardiac nosologies are comparable todrug treatment. Numerous mechanisms mediate the benefits of regular exercise for optimal cardiovascular function. Exercises causewidespread changes in numerous cells, tissues, and organs in response to increased metabolic demand, including adaptation of thecardiovascular system. Physical exercises, which include various types of aerobic exercises of varying intensity and duration, is animportant component of the therapeutic treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Knowledge of the molecular basis ofthe physical activity impact on the cardiovascular system makes it possible to use biochemical markers to assess the effectiveness ofrehabilitation programs.
Evaluation of the Сolor Pulse Reflexology and Autogenous Training Effectiveness in Complex Rehabilitation Programs for Patients with Myocardial Infarction after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Сlinical Sanatorium Conditions
Authors: Trebina Natalia P. , Kosov Valeriy A. , Grubalskaya Galina V. , Svist Natalia V. , Pavlov Alexander I. , Shakula Alexander V.
Published: July 2021

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the color pulse reflexology (CPR) methods and autogenous training (AT) in rehabilitation programs for patients after myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Material and methods. The study included 157 male patients with coronary artery disease aged 53.7 + 4.3 years who had undergone myocardial infarction and CABG surgery for 1 to 2 months. The patients were prescribed a standard program of sanatorium-resort treatment using natural factors and necessary medicines. The first – the control group of patients (CG, 63 people) was added to the AT treatment program, and the second – the main group (MG, 52 people) – the CPR method – 10 sessions of each method. The apparatus «Amulet 201» was used to correct the psycho-emotional state of patients with signals of the green and yellow ranges of the optical spectrum through a visual analyzer. Results. In the first group of patients, people with anxiety-depressive and asthenic syndromes experienced “restructuring” of the personal values scale: significantly reduced irritability, mental and physical fatigue, which contributed to the elimination of astenization, the restoration of nervous and physical potential, the behavioral functions and sleep normalization after a course of the treatment. In the second group of patients with cardiophobic and anxiety-sensing syndromes, there was improvement in well-being, sleep, decreased fatigue and phobic experiences, internal tension and anxiety, intensity and frequency of pain in the heart after the treatment. The majority of patients who took CPR and were re-admitted to sanatorium-resort treatment within 12 months after MI showed a significant improvement in their general condition and quality of life. Conclusion. When identifying asthenic, anxiety-depressive and agrypnia syndromes with an average daily non-dipper curve in cardiac surgery patients, the use of AT and CPR against the background of complex sanatorium-resort treatment in most cases gave a good and stable therapeutic effect, helped to correct the psychological and hemodynamic profiles, restore efficiency and improve the quality of life.
Hereditary Multiple Osteochondroma with Incomplete Penetrance in a Lebanese Family: A Case Report
Authors: Moussa Mohammad K. , Alayane Ali , Bou Raad Ryan , Ghabcha Ahmad , Khalaf Zaynab , Zreik Hussein , Zaarour Youssef , Mansour Oussama
Published: July 2021

Background: Hereditary multiple osteochondroma (HMO) is a rare autosomal dominant disease with high penetrance reaching 95 to 100%. It manifests during childhood in most of the times. The spectrum of the disease is wide. It is classified into 2 types depending on the number of cases and the penetrance in the same generation. The most feared complication of this disease is the malignant transformation. Establishing a screening protocol requires the identification of the true prevalence and penetrance of the disease.
Case Report: A 17-year-old girl presented with multiple painful lesions in the lower extremities. Physical examination of the patient and her siblings allowed the diagnosis of HMO with incomplete penetrance, and the construction of a pedigree of the family. Surgical treatment was sufficient to control the patient’s symptoms.
Conclusion: Being the first case in Lebanon, this report adds more awareness about this rare disease. By increasing awareness, this report can have an impact on the transmission and the number of affected cases in the country. Furthermore, these data, when added to the available evidence worldwide, can be used in the determination of true penetrance of the disease, and the creation of accurate classification and screening protocol.
The Detailed Light-curve Evolution of V1674 Her (Nova Her 2021)
Authors: Quimby R. M. , Shafter A. W. , Corbett H.
Published: July 2021

We report high-cadence photometry of the ultra-fast (t
2 ∼ 1.2 days) nova V1674 Her during its rise to maximum light (V ∼ 6.3) and the beginning of its subsequent decline. These observations from Evryscope and the Mount Laguna Observatory All-Sky Camera reveal a plateau in the pre-maximum light curve at g ∼ 14 (∼8 mag below peak) that lasted for at least three hours. Similar features (so-called pre-maximum halts) have been observed in some novae near maximum light, but to our knowledge the detection of a plateau in the light curve ∼8 mag below peak is unprecedented.
Contribution to the knowledge of Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea): first records of 244 species from various European countries
Authors: Kolcsár Levente-Péter , Oosterbroek Pjotr , Gavryushin Dmitry , Olsen Kjell Magne , Paramonov Nikolai , Pilipenko Valentin , Starý Jaroslav , Polevoi Alexei , Lantsov Vladimir , Eiroa Eulalia , Andersson Michael , Salmela Jukka , Quindroit Clovis , d'Oliveira Micha , Hancock E. Geoffrey , Mederos Jorge , Boardman Pete , Viitanen Esko , Watanabe Kozo
Published: July 2021

Limoniidae is one of the most species-rich Dipteran families, with 661 reported species in Europe. Despite the fact that the European limoniid crane fly fauna has been studied ever since Carolus Linnaeus, it is still poorly known.

In this study, we summarise the taxonomic and faunistic studies of European Limoniidae, which described new species and reported first country records, between 2010 and 2020. We also report occurrence data of 244 Limoniidae species which represent the first country records or conformational records from various European countries, as we report ten species from Albania, one from Austria, thirty-seven from Belarus, five from Belgium, two from Bulgaria, two from Estonia, six from Finland, seven from France, fourteen from Greece, sixteen from Hungary, two from Iceland, six from Italy, ten from Latvia, one from Malta, nine from Montenegro, two from The Netherlands, ten from North Macedonia, forty-two from Norway, one from Poland, five from Portugal, twenty from Romania, thirty-eight from Serbia, six from Slovenia, five from Spain and seven species from Sweden for the first time. From the European territory of Russia, we report twenty-eight species from Central European Russia, seventy-two from East European Russia, fifteen from North European Russia, one from Northwest European Russia and seven from North Caucasus for the first time. Confirmatory records and corrigenda are also included.
Cross-Asset Holdings and the Interbank Lending Market
Authors: Caillé Olessia , Raffestin Louis
Published: July 2021

Ce papier présente un modèle dans lequel les institutions financières ayant des expositions similaires ont intérêt à se prêter entre elles à des conditions favorables dans le but de se protéger des liquidations brutales d’actifs. Cette subvention explique en partie la réaction modérée des taux d’intérêts à l’augmentation du risque dans le marché interbancaire à court terme durant la crise de 2008-2009, ainsi que la tendance de ce marché à se concentrer en périodes de crises. Ce papier montre également que le risque systémique est plus faible lorsque les banques se subventionnent entre elles.
Place des médecins dans l’éducation parentale. Une médicalisation à géométrie variable
Authors: Pellissier-Fall Anne
Published: July 2021

À partir d’une enquête qualitative menée auprès de 31 parents trentenaires, issus de milieux sociaux variés et dont la progéniture ne présente pas de problèmes de santé particuliers, cet article se propose d’analyser la place que prennent les médecins dans l’exercice ordinaire du « métier de parent » (Gojard, 2010). Le contexte contemporain est marqué par une tendance à la médicalisation qui se traduit, dans le domaine de l’éducation familiale, par le développement d’un discours médical sur la quasi-totalité des aspects de l’élevage des enfants. L’extension du champ d’expertise des médecins n’implique pas pour autant que les parents s’en saisissent dans son intégralité ou tous de la même manière. L’analyse révèle que, pour des raisons et dans des modalités variant selon les milieux sociaux, le champ d’action des médecins reste en partie « contrôlé » par les parents et que, la plupart du temps, ceux-ci leur accordent un rôle assez limité dans l’élevage de leurs enfants.
La place des dispositifs médicaux dans le réagencement des relations familiales et la constitution d’une communauté de pratique
Authors: Bichet Lydie
Published: July 2021

À partir d’un terrain ethnographique réalisé dans deux hôpitaux et auprès de 13 familles d’enfants (de 6-14 ans) atteints de diabète de type 1, la contribution propose d’étudier les manières dont celles-ci, s’appropriant les traitements et dispositifs médicaux, forment des communautés de pratique (Lave et Wenger, 1991) constituées autour de la gestion quotidienne de la maladie. Nous verrons comment celles-ci élaborent collectivement un langage, des routines, des manières de faire et des connaissances qui leur sont propres et que nous mettrons en regard de celles fournies par l’hôpital et transcrites dans les divers dispositifs techniques.
Se coordonner avec les parents en hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile : enrôler les parents pour limiter la médicalisation du domicile ?
Authors: Mougel Sarra
Published: July 2021

L’observation sur une période de deux ans d’une équipe d’hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile montre la manière dont les infirmières travaillent en se coordonnant avec les parents. C’est moins un envahissement du domicile par le médical que l’on observe en hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile, qu’un enrôlement des parents dans les soins, que ce soit pour assister les infirmières qui se trouvent seules en visite, ou pour permettre aux parents de gagner en autonomie dans la réalisation des soins. Les parents sont alors amenés à occuper une posture délicate de « soignant » de leur propre enfant, y compris pour des gestes invasifs suscitant de l’inconfort. Le transfert du travail de soin vers les parents permet aux infirmières de se retirer à petits pas, tout en offrant aux parents un contrôle sur la trajectoire médicale de leur enfant.
Jeunes aidants : acteurs indispensables et invisibles de l’aide familiale
Authors: Bigossi Fabiela
Published: July 2021

En s’appuyant sur des enquêtes statistiques en France, une revue de la littérature internationale et un travail de terrain ethnographique au Brésil, cet article analysera l’aide apportée par les jeunes à un membre de leur famille. Les jeunes aidants sont des enfants ou des adolescents qui fournissent une aide, une assistance ou un soutien à un proche malade, handicapé, âgé ou en fin de vie. Cette population reste assez méconnue par les recherches scientifiques sur l’aide informelle, ainsi que par les sondages français sur les ménages. Plusieurs facteurs expliquent l’invisibilité de ce groupe de proches aidants que l’association Jeunes aidants ensemble (JADE) et le sondage « Qui sont les jeunes aidants aujourd’hui en France ? » (Novartis-Ipsos, 2017) estiment à 500 000 en France métropolitaine en 2019. Parmi les raisons de cette invisibilité, nous évoquerons principalement la non-reconnaissance familiale et sociale de l’aide apportée par ces jeunes. L’article propose deux axes d’analyses des données : les aides apportées par les enfants et les adolescents au sein de leur famille (Marote et al., 2012 ; Leu et al., 2018) et l’impact de cette aide sur leur vie en général et sur leur santé en particulier (Becker, 2007).
Une vision simplifiée transmise au cerveau par la peau : retour d’expérience du projet 6 ème sens
Authors: Buguet Amaury , du Chalard Rémi
Published: July 2021

Dans les années 1970, un chercheur du nom de Paul Bach-y-Rita a mis en lumière le principe de substitution sensorielle, selon lequel le cerveau peut remplacer un sens par un autre. Cela est rendu possible par la plasticité neuronale, qui permet aux neurones du cerveau de se reconfigurer grâce à l’apprentissage. Ses recherches l’ont conduit à imaginer un appareil pour les non-voyants, dont le but était de remplacer la vue par le toucher à l’aide d’une matrice de picots pouvant dessiner sur la peau des images capturées par une caméra. En 2018, le projet 6 ème sens est reparti de ses recherches afin de mettre au point un dispositif au concept similaire, mais plus évolué et surtout portable grâce aux avancées scientifiques réalisées depuis. Il a donné lieu à la mise au point de trois prototypes et des non-voyants testeurs arrivent déjà à se déplacer en ville avec le dernier en date. Le projet est sur le point d’aboutir à une première version finale, dont on espère la sortie en fin de cette année.
Corneal Endothelial Layer Parameters in Patients Undergoing Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Gedik Can , Niyaz Leyla
Published: July 2021

Purpose:

To investigate the effects of horizontal and oblique strabismus surgery on the corneal endothelial cell layer.

Methods:

Eighty-three eyes of 56 patients were prospectively evaluated. Corneal endothelial cell layer analysis was performed with a specular microscopy device (EM-3000; Tomey Corporation) preoperatively and 1 day, 2 weeks, and 2 months postoperatively. Endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, average cell area, standard deviation (SD) of the endothelial cell area, hexagonality, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were evaluated.

Results:

Endothelial cell density, average cell area, and SD of the endothelial cell area did not show a statistically significant change postoperatively. In the one and two horizontal muscle surgery groups, the hexagonality measurements 2 weeks postoperatively were significantly lower compared to preoperative values. In the one horizontal muscle surgery group and when all patients were examined, CCT 1 day postoperatively was significantly higher than 2 weeks postoperatively. No significant change was observed postoperatively in any of the endothelial parameters in the oblique surgery group. Spherical equivalent was positively correlated with endothelial cell density and CCT, and it was negatively correlated with the average cell area and age. Age was positively correlated with the average cell area and the SD of the endothelial cell area, negatively correlated with endothelial cell density and hexagonality, and was not correlated with the coefficient of variation or CCT.

Conclusions:

There is a temporary effect of horizontal strabismus surgery on hexagonality and corneal thickness. A definite decrease in cellular hexagonality occurs as the number of endothelial cells decrease and cell areas increase with age.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabimus
. 2021;58(4):254–260.]
Prior Night Sleep Affects Next-Day Pain Interference Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Lower Extremity Chronic Pain
Authors: Griffioen Mari A. , Bowen Mary E. , Resnick Barbara , Renn Cynthia L. , Ji Xiaopeng
Published: July 2021

Emergent work suggests that sleep is a robust biobehavioral predictor of pain; however, it remains unclear how sleep is prospectively linked to pain on a day-to-day basis among older adults. The current prospective study examined how sleep duration (total sleep time), quality (sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset), and late and irregular sleep timing influenced next-day pain perception among community-dwelling older adults (
N
= 10; 65 matched observations) with lower extremity chronic pain over 1 week. Multilevel modeling estimated the association between sleep (Actigraph GT9X Link) and pain perception (Brief Pain Inventory Short Form). Increased wake after sleep onset (B = 0.19,
p
= 0.04), sleep variability (B = 0.02,
p
= 0.01), and later midsleep time (B = 0.40,
p
< 0.05) were associated with increased pain interference the following day. Findings support the idea that timely sleep interventions may reduce the effect of poor sleep on next-day pain in older adults. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(4), 173–179.]
Frequency domain approach to decay rates for a coupled hyperbolic-parabolic system
Authors: Rao Bopeng , Zhang Xu
Published: July 2021

We consider the asymptotic behavior of a linear model arising in fluid-structure interactions. The system is formed by a heat equation and a wave equation in two distinct domains, which are coupled by atransmission condition along the interface of the domains. By means of the frequency domain approach, we establish some decay rates for the whole system. Our results also showthat the decay of the fluid-structure interaction depends not only on the transmission of the damping from the heat equation to the wave equation, but also on the location of the damping for the wave equation.
Forcing operators on star graphs applied for the cubic fourth order Schrödinger equation
Authors: Capistrano–Filho Roberto de A. , Cavalcante Márcio , Gallego Fernando A.
Published: July 2021

In a recent article [16], the authors gave a starting point of the study on a series of problems concerning the initial boundary value problem and control theory of Biharmonic NLS in some non-standard domains. In this direction, this article deals to present answers for some questions left in [16] concerning the study of the cubic fourth order Schrödinger equation in a star graph structure \begin{document}$ \mathcal{G} $\end{document}. Precisely, consider \begin{document}$ \mathcal{G} $\end{document} composed by \begin{document}$ N $\end{document} edges parameterized by half-lines \begin{document}$ (0,+\infty) $\end{document} attached with a common vertex \begin{document}$ \nu $\end{document}. With this structure the manuscript proposes to study the well-posedness of a dispersive model on star graphs with three appropriated vertex conditions by using the boundary forcing operator approach. More precisely, we give positive answer for the Cauchy problem in low regularity Sobolev spaces. We have noted that this approach seems very efficient, since this allows to use the tools of Harmonic Analysis, for instance, the Fourier restriction method, introduced by Bourgain, while for the other known standard methods to solve partial differential partial equations on star graphs are more complicated to capture the dispersive smoothing effect in low regularity. The arguments presented in this work have prospects to be applied for other nonlinear dispersive equations in the context of star graphs with unbounded edges.
Invasive speed for a competition-diffusion system with three species
Authors: Pan Chaohong , Wang Hongyong , Ou Chunhua
Published: July 2021

Competition stems from the fact that resources are limited. When multiple competitive species are involved with spatial diffusion, the dynamics becomes even complex and challenging. In this paper, we investigate the invasive speed to a diffusive three species competition system of Lotka-Volterra type. We first show that multiple species share a common spreading speed when initial data are compactly supported. By transforming the competitive system into a cooperative system, the determinacy of the invasive speed is studied by the upper-lower solution method. In our work, for linearly predicting the invasive speed, we concentrate on finding upper solutions only, and don't care about the existence of lower solutions. Similarly, for nonlinear selection of the spreading speed, we focus only on the construction of lower solutions with fast decay rate. This greatly develops and simplifies the ideas of past references in this topic.
Cooperative strategic games
Authors: Kohlberg Elon , Neyman Abraham
Published: July 2021

The
value is a solution concept for
n‐person strategic games, developed by Nash, Shapley, and Harsanyi. The value of a game is an a priori evaluation of the economic worth of the position of each player, reflecting the players' strategic possibilities, including their ability to make threats against one another. Applications of the value in economics have been rare, at least in part because the existing definition (for games with more than two players) consists of an ad hoc scheme that does not easily lend itself to computation. This paper makes three contributions: We provide an axiomatic foundation for the value; exhibit a simple formula for its computation; and extend the value—its definition, axiomatic characterization, and computational formula—to Bayesian games. We then apply the value in simple models of corruption, oligopolistic competition, and information sharing.
Matching with floor constraints
Authors: Akin Sumeyra
Published: July 2021

Floor constraints are a prominent feature of many matching markets, such as medical residency, teacher assignment, and military cadet matching. We develop a theory of matching markets under floor constraints. We introduce a stability notion, which we call floor respecting stability, for markets in which (hard) floor constraints must be respected. A matching is floor respecting stable if there is no coalition of doctors and hospitals that can propose an alternative matching that is feasible and an improvement for its members. Our stability notion imposes the additional condition that a coalition cannot reassign a doctor outside the coalition to another hospital (although she can be fired). This condition is necessary to guarantee the existence of stable matchings. We provide a mechanism that is strategy‐proof for doctors and implements a floor respecting stable matching.
Approval voting without ballot restrictions
Authors: Ceron Federica , Gonzalez Stéphane
Published: July 2021

We axiomatically study voting rules without making any assumption on the ballots that voters are allowed to cast. In this setting, we characterize the family of “endorsement rules,” which includes approval voting and the plurality rule, via the imposition of three normative conditions. The first condition is the well known social‐theoretic principle of
consistency; the second one,
unbiasedness, roughly requires social outcomes not to be biased toward particular candidates or voters; the last one, dubbed
no single voter overrides, demands that the addition of a voter to an electorate cannot radically change the social outcome. Building on this result, we provide the first axiomatic characterization of approval voting without the approval balloting assumption. The informational basis of approval voting as well as its aggregative rationale are jointly derived from a set of conditions that can be defined on most of the ballot spaces studied in the literature.
Forecasting Energy Impact in Multifamily Buildings Through Airtightness Models
Authors: Fernández-Agüera Jesica , Domínguez-Amarillo Samuel , Sendra Juan José
Published: July 2021

Southern European areas are traditionally considered to have a benign climate and therefore most homes often do not have controlled ventilation systems or air conditioning. Our society faces challenging situations with global pandemics and health emergencies, while housing provides the basic elements of refuge and activity. A profound transformation of social and labor dynamics is underway, increasing at-home presence, hence the capital importance of improving building envelopes to reduce energy demand and to increase occupant comfort levels in order to ensure their protective function. Air leakage is one of the key factors both in indoor air quality and energy demand. This study aims to explore the sensitivity of energy demand to airtightness. A representative set of multifamily buildings, built in the last 20 years in Seville, is analyzed. The results show that air permeability has a significant effect on energy demand in the sample studied. Although impact is greater in severe climates, it needs to be considered in temperate climates, especially when more time is spent at home.
Statistical Understanding and Optimization of Building Energy Consumption and Climate Change Consequences
Authors: Orosa José Antonio , Vergara Diego , Fraguela Feliciano , Masdías-Bonome Antonio
Published: July 2021

In the present chapter, a new tool was designed to find a better alternative for improving building energy consumption in the next years. In this sense, in the first stage of this calculation procedure, ISO Standard 13790 calculation procedure was developed in accordance with Monte Carlo method and results showed the probability of energy consumption as a Weibull model. Furthermore, a map of different Weibull models in accordance with different input parameters and future climate change effect was developed as a future building design guide. This tool defines the probability of energy consumption of an existing building, or a building that is being designed today and in the near future, preventing the climate change effect. More applications at the time of building retrofitting and healthy indoor ambiences are proposed.
The Uses of Renewable Energy in Buildings
Authors: Okonkwo Paul C. , Barhoumib El Manaa , Beitelmal Wesam H. , Hassan Israr I. U. , Azubuike Michael Nnamdi , Al Housnia Fadhil Khadoum , Jonathan Florence
Published: July 2021

Only 5% of Australia's energy utilization comes from renewables, while 86.3% of the electricity is produced from fossil fuels. Nonetheless, this pattern has been disturbed by the ongoing decommissioning and closure of old coal power plants, alongside the Australian policy to reduce fossil fuel emissions. Presently, Australia is at a pivotal phase of its change to renewable energy power generation and utilization specifically in residential and commercial buildings. Sustainability in renewable energy utilization is being achieved through guided government policies, reasonable energy costs, and improved energy technology transfer approaches. To give a refreshed delineation of renewable energy, related government policy, and the route ahead in the Australian setting, this chapter presents a deliberate Australia update with renewable energy generation and utilization in Australian buildings.
An Aerolysin-like Pore-Forming Protein Complex Targets Viral Envelope to Inactivate Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Authors: Liu Long , Deng Cheng-Jie , Duan Ya-Li , Ye Chen-Jun , Gong Dao-Hua , Guo Xiao-Long , Lee Wen-Hui , Zhou Jumin , Li Sheng-An , Zhang Yun
Published: July 2021

Because most of animal viruses are enveloped, cytoplasmic entry of these viruses via fusion with cellular membrane initiates their invasion. However, the strategies in which host cells counteract cytoplasmic entry of such viruses are incompletely understood. Pore-forming toxin aerolysin-like proteins (ALPs) exist throughout the animal kingdom, but their functions are mostly unknown. In this study, we report that βγ-crystallin fused aerolysin-like protein and trefoil factor complex (βγ-CAT), an ALP and trefoil factor complex from the frog Bombina maxima, directly blocks enveloped virus invasion by interfering with cytoplasmic entry. βγ-CAT targeted acidic glycosphingolipids on the HSV type 1 (HSV-1) envelope to induce pore formation, as indicated by the oligomer formation of protein and potassium and calcium ion efflux. Meanwhile, βγ-CAT formed ring-like oligomers of ∼10 nm in diameter on the liposomes and induced dye release from liposomes that mimic viral envelope. Unexpectedly, transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the βγ-CAT–treated HSV-1 was visibly as intact as the vehicle-treated HSV-1, indicating that βγ-CAT did not lyse the viral envelope. However, the cytoplasmic entry of the βγ-CAT–treated HSV-1 into HeLa cells was totally hindered. In vivo, topical application of βγ-CAT attenuated the HSV-1 corneal infection in mice. Collectively, these results uncovered that βγ-CAT possesses the capacity to counteract enveloped virus invasion with its featured antiviral-acting manner. Our findings will also largely help to illustrate the putative antiviral activity of animal ALPs.
Cutting Edge: Recruitment, Retention, and Migration Underpin Functional Phenotypic Heterogeneity of Regulatory T Cells in Tumors
Authors: Ikebuchi Ryoyo , Moriya Taiki , Ueda Mizuki , Yasuda Ippei , Kusumoto Yutaka , Chtanova Tatyana , Tomura Michio
Published: July 2021

Tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been extensively studied as therapeutic targets. However, not all infiltrating T cells exert their functions equally, presumably because of their heterogeneity and substantial turnover in tissues. In this study, we hypothesized that intertissue migration underlies the functional heterogeneity of Tregs. To test this, we applied in vivo photolabeling to examine single-cell diversity of immunosuppressive molecules in mouse Tregs migrating to, remaining in, and emigrating from MC38 tumors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) expression was inversely correlated with that of six other molecules associated with Treg function. Unsupervised clustering analyses revealed that clusters containing Tregs that were retained in tumors expressed high levels of the six functional molecules but not of Nrp1. However, these clusters represented only half of the Tregs migrating to the tumor, suggesting evolving heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating Tregs. Thus, we propose progressive pathways of Treg activation and migration between tumors and draining lymph nodes.
cGAS Is a Negative Regulator of RIG-I–Mediated IFN Response in Cyprinid Fish
Authors: Zhou Yu , Lei Yi , Lu Long-Feng , Chen Dan-Dan , Zhang Can , Li Zhuo-Cong , Zhou Xiao-Yu , Li Shun , Zhang Yong-An
Published: July 2021

In mammals, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes cytosolic dsDNA to induce the type I IFN response. However, the functional role of cGAS in the IFN response of fish remains unclear or controversial. In this study, we report that cGAS orthologs from crucian carp Carassius auratus (CacGAS) and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus (CicGAS) target the dsRNA sensor retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) for negative regulation of the IFN response. First, poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic) acid–, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid–, and spring viremia of carp virus–induced IFN responses were impaired by overexpression of CacGAS and CicGAS. Then, CacGAS and CicGAS interacted with CiRIG-I and CiMAVS and inhibited CiRIG-I– and CiMAVS-mediated IFN induction. Moreover, the K63-linked ubiquitination of CiRIG-I and the interaction between CiRIG-I and CiMAVS were attenuated by CacGAS and CicGAS. Finally, CacGAS and CicGAS decreased CiRIG-I–mediated the cellular antiviral response and facilitated viral replication. Taken together, data in this study identify CacGAS and CicGAS as negative regulators in RIG-I–like receptor signaling, which extends the current knowledge regarding the role of fish cGAS in the innate antiviral response.
mTORC1 Signaling Regulates Proinflammatory Macrophage Function and Metabolism
Authors: Collins Samuel L , Oh Min-Hee , Sun Im-Hong , Chan-Li Yee , Zhao Liang , Powell Jonathan D , Horton Maureen R
Published: July 2021

Metabolic programming is integrally linked to immune cell function. Nowhere is this clearer than in the differentiation of macrophages. Proinflammatory M1 macrophages primarily use glycolysis as a rapid energy source but also to generate antimicrobial compounds, whereas alternatively activated M2 macrophages primarily rely on oxidative phosphorylation for the longevity required for proper wound healing. mTOR signaling has been demonstrated to be a key regulator of immune cell metabolism and function. mTORC2 signaling is required for the generation of M2 macrophages, whereas the role of mTORC1 signaling, a key regulator of glycolysis, has been controversial. By using genetic deletion of mTORC1 signaling in C57BL/6 mouse macrophages, we observed enhanced M1 macrophage function in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, this enhancement occurred despite a significant defect in M1 macrophage glycolytic metabolism. Mechanistically, enhanced M1 function occurred because of inhibition of the class III histone deacetylases the sirtuins, resulting in enhanced histone acetylation. Our findings provide a counterpoint to the paradigm that enhanced immune cell function must occur in the presence of increased cellular metabolism and identifies a potential, pharmacologic target for the regulation of inflammatory responses.
Short- and Long-Term Exposure to Particulate Matter and Pulse Wave Velocity
Authors: Park Young Jun , Cho Yu Jin , Kwak Jinseul , Lim Youn-Hee , Park Minseon
Published: July 2021

Background: In hemodialysis patients, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels are affected by particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10). We conducted this study to determine whether there is an association between short- and long-term PM10 exposure and baPWV in apparently healthy adults aged 40 years and older.Methods: A total of 1,628 subjects who underwent health examinations between 2006 and 2009 were included in the study. On the basis of the day of medical screening, the 1–3-day and 365-day moving averages of PM10 concentrations were used to evaluate the association between short- and long-term exposure to PM10 and high baPWV (≥the third quartile of baPWV, 1,534 cm/s) using logistic regression models. Additional subgroup analyses were conducted according to age, sex, obesity (body mass index ≥25.0 kg/m2), and comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome.Results: No statistically significant associations were identified between short-term and long-term exposure to PM10 and baPWV in any of the subjects and subgroups. A 10-μg/m3 increase in the 2-day moving average of PM10 exposure was marginally associated with high baPWV in non-obese subjects (odds ratio, 1.059; P=0.058). This association in non-obese subjects was significantly different from that in obese subjects (P=0.038).Conclusion: This study did not show statistically significant associations between short-term and long-term exposure to PM10 and baPWV in apparently healthy subjects. With short-term exposure to PM10, non-obese subjects showed a marginally unfavorable association with baPWV. Further studies are necessary to validate and elucidate the mechanism underlying the effect of PM10 on baPWV.
Low-carb Diet in Hospitalized Late Pubertal Type 1 Diabetic Girls
Authors: Öz Nefise Aribas , Arslanoglu Ilknur , Cangür Sengül , Bolu Semih , Kocabay Kenan
Published: July 2021

Objective:

We conducted the present study to observe potential short-term benefits or risks of low-carb diet (LCD).

Methods:

This is a prospective randomized cross-over study. Type 1 diabetic girls were hospitalized in ternary groups for 7 days and each group randomly started with LCD or regular diet. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed between 0 and 168 h.

Results:

Twenty-eight subjects completed the study. Total energy, protein, and fat consumption were high (P < 0.001); carbohydrate consumption and rapidly acting insulin dose were low (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively) during LCD. Morning postprandial, noon postprandial, and evening preprandial capillary blood sugar levels were lower during LCD (P = 0.013, 0.018, and 0.048, respectively).

Conclusion:

LCD may have the advantage of better glycemic control despite lower insulin dose which is a favorable outcome with regard to weight control and atherosclerosis prevention. No adverse events were observed.
Diagnosis and Management Considerations in Steroid-Related Hyperglycemia in COVID-19
Authors: Das Sambit , Rastogi Ashu , Harikumar K. V. S. , Dutta Deep , Sahay Rakesh , Kalra Sanjay , Ghosh Sujoy , Gupta Sushil K. , Pandit Kaushik , Jabbar P. K. , Damodaran Suresh , Nagesh V. Sri , Sheikh Shehla , Madhu S. V. , Bantwal Ganapathi
Published: July 2021

The current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is showing no signs of abatement and result in significant morbidity and mortality in the infected patients. Many therapeutic agents ranging widely between antivirals and anti-inflammatory drugs have been used to mitigate the disease burden. In the deluge of the drugs being used for COVID-19 infection, glucocorticoids (GCs) stand out by reducing mortality amongst in-hospital severe-to-critically ill patients. Health-care practitioners have seen this as a glimmer of hope and started using these drugs more frequently than ever in clinical practice. The fear of mortality in the short term has overridden the concern of adverse long-term consequences with steroid use. The ease of availability, low cost, and apparent clinical improvement in the short term have led to the unscrupulous use of the steroids even in mild COVID-19 patients including self-medication with steroids. The use of GCs has led to the increasing incidence of hyperglycemia and consequent acute complications of diabetic ketoacidosis and mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients. There is an urgent need to dissipate information about optimum management of hyperglycemia during steroid use. In view of this, the Endocrine Society of India has formulated this position statement about the diagnosis and management of hyperglycemia due to the use of GCs in patients with COVID-19 infection.