bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Subtle Marks of the Damage Caused by Colonization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Study of Cameroon
Authors: Christophe Fopoussi Tuebue Jean
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to identify the consequences of colonization in the daily lives of African peoples in sub-Saharan Africa. For this, many actions have been carried out. From the 4,500 men interviewed, 3,010 would choose a light-skinned wife and 1,000 a dark-skinned wife; 490 are not influenced by skin complexion. From the 4,500 women interviewed, 2004 would choose a light-skinned man and 644 a dark-skinned man. 1852 are not influenced by skin complexion. From the 4500 women, 3800 would like to have a fair complexion and 500 a dark complexion; 200 are indifferent. From the 500 children interviewed, 379 liked fair complexion, against 121 for dark complexion. Many people worship the white man. We find the signs of this on a daily basis: The best places are always reserved for the white man on all occasions; the way peoples interprate a successful action or a purchasing power; The efforts made to speak like white men; The rejection of one’s language and one’s tribal name in favor of those imported; The pronounced taste for imported clothing products. Concerning the musical and choreographic preferences, we can classify the young peoples interviewed as follows: 50.2% strictly in favor of imported dances and music styles; 26.2% love both imported and Cameroonian music and dance styles; 23.5% in favor of strictly Cameroonian dances and music styles. In the same vein, we have for hairdressing: 28.33% for grafting; 21.89% for the use of wigs; 15.82% for Afro-style. The choirs which practice the folk style are always lowered in front of those which practice the baroque style. In view of this dark picture, we can notice in detail that there is a segment of the African population south of the Sahara, even if it is a minority, which lives its Africanness with pride. It therefore constitutes the hope for the rebirth of African culture.
Synthesis and Characterization of 5-Chloro 2-furaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone and Its Nickel, Copper and Zinc Complexes
Authors: Abdulbary Mohammed Adam Adam , Eltoum Mohammed Sulieman Ali , Ali Elmugdad Ahmed
Published: February 2023

The aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize of divalent metal ions of Nickel, Copper and Zinc complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone. Firstly ligand was prepared from the reaction between 5-Chloro-2-furaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide, the second step involved the synthesis of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone. The prepared compounds (ligand or complex) was characterized using different analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, and IR, UV, Mass and 1H NMR tests, the results obtained showed that the ligand and its Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) complexes of 5-chloro 2-furaldehyde thiosemicarbazone were prepared successfully.
Proximate Composition and Microbiological Quality of “Kunu-Aya”: A Locally Produced Non-Fermented Beverage in Nigeria
Authors: Akubuenyi F. C. , Sylvanus O. H.
Published: February 2023

Kunu-aya” is non- fermented beverage locally produced from Cyperus esculentus (Tiger nut) and Phoenix dactylifera (Dates) based milk. This study determined the proximate composition and microbial quality of laboratory produced “Kunu-aya” following standard methods. Biochemical characterization method was carried out for identification of associated isolates.  The results revealed that the “Kunu-aya” contains; moisture content was 59.44±0.05, Ash content of 5.02±0.07, crude fat 8.108±0.03, Crude fibre 9.16±0.04, crude protein 8.983±0.26, and carbohydrate 9.3±0.05 and the energy content was 182.69kcal. “Kunu-aya” also contains significant amounts of magnesium (Mg) 2.045±0.05, potassium (K) 40.506±0.05, phosphorus (P) 4.506±0.03, copper (Cu) 0.018±0.04, zinc (Zn) 48.001±0.01, iron (Fe) 0.408±0.04, sodium (Na) of 6.031±0.07 and calcium (Ca) 0.196±0.03. The total viable bacteria count of the sample was 4.0 x 104 CFU/ml and the total fungal count was 2.7x 102 CFU/ml. Species of  Staphylococcus spp (50%), Bacilli spp. (16.7%) Streptococcus spp. (16.7%) and Micrococcus spp. (16.7%) are predominant bacteria contaminants of the beverage. Besides, fungi species of Aspergillus spp. (60%), Penicillium spp. (20%) and Rhizopus spp. (20%) were also isolated. The microbial load obtained exceeded the acceptable limit stipulated for dairy drinks. Based on the proximate and mineral contents of “Kunu-aya”, its rich essential contents can provide nutrients for human nutrition. Therefore, the production of this beverage under strict hygiene conditions will improve the microbiological quality and reduce the health risk associated with its consumption.
Synoptic and Dynamical Characteristics of Severe Cyclonic Storm ASANI May 2022
Authors: Sunanda M. , Prayek S. , Naskar Pravath , Srinivas Kvs. , Harshasoni . , Ramana Ch. , Stella S. , Sagar Karuna
Published: February 2023

The synoptic and dynamical conditions for the genesis and intensification of tropical cyclone Asani are clearly highlighted in the present paper. The observationally favourable conditions for the genesis of Asani are high SST, 200 hpa STWJ, and weak vertical shear of horizontal wind, which enhanced the convection and intensified the system. The SCS Asani entered a region with lower SST and lower ocean heat content, causing it to weaken into a deep depression in the Bay of Bengal before making landfall. Because of the anticyclone over Indian landmass, Asani remained within 50 km of the coastline for the entire day; as a result, the system moved slowly and remained nearly stationary. The slow movement led to upwelling of sea water and rainfall over the sea, leading to further cooling of the sea surface. There was also land interaction, thereby increasing friction for a longer period. There was a cold and dry air incursion from the Indian Land region in the middle and upper troposphere, leading to weakening.
Determination of Microbiological Quality, Proximate Composition and Physicochemical Parameters of Margarine Produced from Oil Blends of Palm Kernel, Coconut and Melon
Authors: Akubuenyi F. C. , Odey B. O.
Published: February 2023

The potential of margarine production from blends of melon, coconut and palm kernel oil, and the microbiological qualities and physicochemical parameters of the product were studied. The microbiological evaluation was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria, using pour plate and spread plate methods to ascertain the viable cell counts. The physicochemical composition, proximate properties were determined using standard methods. The enumeration of total heterotrophic bacterial count revealed low microbial count of 2.6 x 103 CFU/g, total coliform count was 2.5 x 102   CFU/g and total fungal count. 2.4 x 102 CFU/g. The value was within permissible limit of 104 CFU/g.  The biochemical characterization and identification revealed Staphylococcus spp, Bacillus spp, Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, and Micrococcus spp are the suspected bacterial isolates. While the fungal isolates are Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, Penicillium spp and Rhizopus spp. The percentage occurrence revealed that Staphylococcus spp had the highest prevalence of 33.3%, followed by Escherichia coli (26.7%), Salmonella spp (20%), Bacillus spp (13.3%), Micrococcus spp (6.7%). While the fungal isolates had the following prevalence; Aspergillus spp (50%), Penicillium spp (16.7%), Rhizopus spp (16.7%) and Fusarium spp (16.7%). Proximate analysis revealed moisture (15.0±0.5), ash (35.0±0.5), crude (17.50±0.25), lipid (22.50±0.03), protein (2.218±0.01), and carbohydrate (7.78±0.01). Results for physicochemical analyses showed that Iodine value was 0.372, saponification value was 22.103 and acid value, 1.159. This result indicates that palm kernel oil, melon oil and coconut oil had the best potential for the production of margarine which would be acceptable due to the low microbial count. However, the presence of Staphylococcus spp and Salmonella spp renders the product a potential health hazard in line with FDA guidelines. Therefore, maximum hygienic conditions during production is advocated and further analysis recommended on these samples to discover their maximum importance and industrial utilization.
On the Centralizer of a Rhotrix in R3(R), R a GCD Domain
Authors: Bouarga Smail
Published: February 2023

Aims/ Objectives: In this paper we determine explicitly the centralizer of a 3-dimensional rhotrix in R3(R), where R is a gcd domain.
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Reactivation in COVID-19 Patients: A Mini Systematic Review
Authors: Norberg Antonio Neres , Norberg Paulo Roberto Blanco Moreira , Manhães Fernanda Castro , Mangiavacchi Bianca Magnelli , Filho Aluísio Tinoco de Siqueira , Silva Sandra Tavares da , Souza Ademir Hilário de , Souza Ana Paula Borges de , Filho Renato Mataveli Ferreira , Borges Thaís Rigueti Brasil
Published: February 2023

Background and Aim: Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) occur worldwide and have a high prevalence. In the context of COVID -19 there are several potential triggers for HSV reactivation, such as functional depletion or imbalance of the immune system, use of immunosuppressive drugs to control cytokine response, and physical or psychological stress in consequence of the disease. The aim of this research is to review, by analysing the current scientific literature, the context of the HSV reactivation or infection in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A systematic review of scientific manuscripts was performed using the PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar databases. The evaluated manuscripts were published between 2019 and January 2023. Systematic studies of groups of patients with COVID-19 that evaluated the incidence of HSV reactivations and infections, as well as case reports of HSV reactivation in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, were analyzed.

Results: Analysis of systematic studies among patients with COVID-19 revealed incidence rates of HSV reactivation detected by PCR technique, which can range from 12% to 83%. The incidence of clinical manifestations was heterogeneous, and the occurence of atypical clinical forms was considered high. HSV reactivations without clinical symptoms were observed in all studies in patients hospitalized with COVID -19. Determining the severity of infection and distinguishing between benign reactivation and true HSV infection concomitant with COVID-19 is a diagnostic challenge. Currently available scientific investigations are controversial regarding the impact on the prognosis of patients with human herpesvirus reactivation and the possible association between HSV infection and mortality rates. The broad spectrum of atypical forms, as well as difficulties in accurately diagnosing real HSV infection, may lead to underestimating the true impact of concurrent reactivation in COVID-19 patients. Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and corticosteroid therapy are the groups at highest risk for HSV reactivation. Further investigations are needed to clarify the interaction between these two viruses in the context of SARS-CoV-2 disease and treatment.
Network Embeddedness and Leadership Style: Determinants of Crisis Response Behaviour
Authors: Kamann Dirk-Jan F. , Gyurácz-Németh Petra
Published: February 2023

A nine month four wave mixed methods panel study of hotels in Hungary reveals that when facing a crisis situation like the pandemic, managers show on the one hand isomorphism in sharing the same topics, themes and underlying dimensions in their search for solutions to invoke resilience. However, more detailed policies show significant differences; leadership style and specific local network embeddedness explain this idiosyncratic behaviour. Anchoring control through adaptability in employment, operations, marketing and supplier relations secures financial and mental health. Flexibility and rapid decision making are essential; decentralised decision authority proves an advantage. Smaller hotels prove more flexibility; hotel chains offer financial security, but may also lead to closure. Applying Grounded theory, in total 47 interview results were analysed using Atlas. ti
Research on Parametric Design Technology of Cycloidal Pin Wheel Reducer for Robot Based on Solid Works
Authors: Han Linshan , Hu Xiaoming , Wang Yingjia , Wang Hongwei
Published: February 2023

In this paper, SolidWorks software and VB.net programming language are used to accurately design the cycloidal wheel of the cycloidal pin wheel reducer used in robot with 3D parameterization and the 3D model of cycloidal wheel is automatically drawn. It is beneficial to save and modify the drawings and reduce the workload of the designers. In batch design, the design model can be automatically updated by modifying the parameters of cycloidal wheel 3D model or drawing parameters.
Analysis of Blood Group Parameters as an Early and Minimally Invasive Method for Susceptibility Prediction of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Batra Akshit , Sequeira Joyce P.
Published: February 2023

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between ABO blood grouping and oral squamous cell carcinoma and to stratify the patients in accordance with the susceptibility as noted.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included the demographic data of the patients having reported to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yenepoya Dental College and hospital, and Department of Oncology, Yenepoya Medical college and Hospital, Mangalore, Karnataka between January 2017 to December 2021. A total of 161, histopathologically proven oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, between the above time frame of 5 years, were recruited and were analyzed for the study.

Results: Patients with A Rh positive blood group had the maximum enrollment (80 patients out of 161) i.e. 49.6%, followed by an equal share of O Rh positive and B Rh positive with 31 each, i.e. 19.25% of each group. Only 8 patients had AB Rh positive blood group, followed by O Rh negative in 6 patients, A Rh negative in 3 patients, and least of B Rh negative blood group in only 2 patients.

Conclusion: Our study reflects that as simple as a blood group test, a routine and a regularly followed investigation, can help to sought and stratify the patients, with oral squamous cell carcinoma, who already are on a higher spectrum of falling under the radar of malignancy susceptibility.
Editorial
Authors: O'Connor John , Woodard Wiremu
Published: February 2023

As the New Zealand Association of Psychotherapists (NZAP) celebrates its 75th year we have much to be proud of, to celebrate, to recognise and acknowledge. The Ka mua, Ka muri Conference, out of which many of the papers in this issue of Ata have emerged, was a wonderful and creative celebration of the work of many. We are very grateful to the conference organisers of this stimulating and fruitful event. It celebrated the wisdom of our ancestors, the depth and energy of contemporary practitioners, and the many potentially creative opportunities and difficult challenges before us all. Our hope is that in engaging with the papers in this issue of Ata, these papers might invite us to consider how we are contributing clinically, as inhabitants of this planet, and as Association members, to creativity and life- giving possibilities, and also to reflect upon our own self-destructive capacities; to challenge ourselves to notice the ways in which we might engage with each other as an Association that might be deadening rather than enlivening. And, as Ogden (1999) suggested in his paper on aliveness and deadness, we hope this may assist us to continue to creatively associate, to reach across our differences, to understand, support, challenge, and enable each other and our remarkable Association. With these musings in mind, we are delighted to outline the creative and challenging papers which make up this issue of the Journal.
My journey toward becoming a psychotherapist
Authors: Worthington Carol
Published: February 2023

As the New Zealand Association of Psychotherapists (NZAP) celebrates 75 years as an association, the author, a psychotherapist of long-standing and considerable experience as a practitioner in Aotearoa New Zealand, reflects upon her journey to becoming a psychotherapist. She considers the influences that have impacted upon her in this journey, and the qualities essential, in the author’s view, to the practice of psychotherapy. The article is a reflection on lessons learnt throughout her career, in the hope that this may be of benefit to other practitioners, whether beginning or well-seasoned.
Performance on Patient Experience Measures of Former Chief Medical Residents as Physician Exemplars Chosen by the Profession
Authors: Chen Lucy , McWilliams J. Michael
Published: February 2023

Importance

Physicians’ knowledge about each other’s quality is central to clinical decision-making, but such information is not well understood and is rarely harnessed to identify exemplars for disseminating best practices or quality improvement. One exception is chief medical resident selection, which is typically based on interpersonal, teaching, and clinical skills.

Objective

To compare care for patients of primary care physicians (PCPs) who were former chiefs with care for patients of nonchief PCPs.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Using 2010 to 2018 Medicare Fee-For-Service Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) survey data (response rate, 47.6%), Medicare claims for random 20% samples of fee-for-service beneficiaries, and medical board data from 4 large US states, we compared care for patients of former chief PCPs with care for patients of nonchief PCPs in the same practice using linear regression. Data were analyzed from August 2020 to January 2023.

Exposures

Receiving the plurality of primary care office visits from a former chief PCP.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Composite of 12 patient experience items as primary outcome and 4 spending and utilization measures as secondary outcomes.

Results

The CAHPS samples included 4493 patients with former chief PCPs and 41 278 patients with nonchief PCPs. The 2 groups were similar in age (mean [SD], 73.1 [10.3] years vs 73.2 [10.3] years), sex (56.8% vs 56.8% female), race and ethnicity (1.2% vs 1.0% American Indian or Alaska Native, 1.3% vs 1.9% Asian or Pacific Islander, 4.8% vs. 5.6% Hispanic, 7.3% vs 6.6% non-Hispanic Black, and 81.5% vs. 80.0% non-Hispanic White), and other characteristics. The Medicare claims for random 20% samples included 289 728 patients with former chief PCPs and 2 954 120 patients with nonchief PCPs. Patients of former chief PCPs rated their care experiences significantly better than patients of nonchief PCPs (adjusted difference in composite, 1.6 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.4-2.8; effect size of 0.30 standard deviations (SD) of the physician-level distribution of performance; P = .01), including markedly higher ratings of physician-specific communication and interpersonal skills typically emphasized in chief selection. Differences were large for patients of racial and ethnic minority groups (1.16 SD), dual-eligible patients (0.81 SD), and those with less education (0.44 SD) but did not vary significantly across groups. Differences in spending and utilization were minimal overall.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this study, patients of PCPs who were former chief medical residents reported better care experiences than patients of other PCPs in the same practice, especially for physician-specific items. The study results suggest that the profession possesses information about physician quality, motivating the development and study of strategies for harnessing such information to select and repurpose exemplars for quality improvement.
Predicting the Survival of Patients With Cancer From Their Initial Oncology Consultation Document Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Nunez John-Jose , Leung Bonnie , Ho Cheryl , Bates Alan T. , Ng Raymond T.
Published: February 2023

Importance

Predicting short- and long-term survival of patients with cancer may improve their care. Prior predictive models either use data with limited availability or predict the outcome of only 1 type of cancer.

Objective

To investigate whether natural language processing can predict survival of patients with general cancer from a patient’s initial oncologist consultation document.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective prognostic study used data from 47 625 of 59 800 patients who started cancer care at any of the 6 BC Cancer sites located in the province of British Columbia between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016. Mortality data were updated until April 6, 2022, and data were analyzed from update until September 30, 2022. All patients with a medical or radiation oncologist consultation document generated within 180 days of diagnosis were included; patients seen for multiple cancers were excluded.

Exposures

Initial oncologist consultation documents were analyzed using traditional and neural language models.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was the performance of the predictive models, including balanced accuracy and receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (AUC). The secondary outcome was investigating what words the models used.

Results

Of the 47 625 patients in the sample, 25 428 (53.4%) were female and 22 197 (46.6%) were male, with a mean (SD) age of 64.9 (13.7) years. A total of 41 447 patients (87.0%) survived 6 months, 31 143 (65.4%) survived 36 months, and 27 880 (58.5%) survived 60 months, calculated from their initial oncologist consultation. The best models achieved a balanced accuracy of 0.856 (AUC, 0.928) for predicting 6-month survival, 0.842 (AUC, 0.918) for 36-month survival, and 0.837 (AUC, 0.918) for 60-month survival, on a holdout test set. Differences in what words were important for predicting 6- vs 60-month survival were found.

Conclusions and Relevance

These findings suggest that models performed comparably with or better than previous models predicting cancer survival and that they may be able to predict survival using readily available data without focusing on 1 cancer type.
Exceptional Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production from Sandwich‐Structured Graphene Interlayered Phenolic Resins Nanosheets with Mesoporous Channels
Authors: Tian Qiang , Zeng Xiang‐Kang , Zhao Chen , Jing Ling‐Yan , Zhang Xi‐Wang , Liu Jian
Published: February 2023

Harnessing solar energy to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from water (H2O) and dioxygen (O2) via artificial photosynthesis is an attractive route. To achieve high solar‐to‐H2O2 conversion efficiency, herein, an interfacial self‐assembly strategy is adopted to pattern mesoporous resorcinol‐formaldehyde resin (MRF) onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to form sandwich‐structured rGO@MRF polymeric photocatalysts. The internal graphene layer that mimics the electron transport chain of plant leaf, can effectively transfer electrons, and promote the two‐electron reduction of O2. Moreover, the mesoporous channels mimic the stomata, beneficially boost the fluid velocity, enrichment of O2, and diffusion of H2O2. Consequently, the developed metal‐free material can achieve an exceptional solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion efficiency of 1.23%. This ingenious interface engineering brings new opportunities for the design of efficient artificial photocatalysts.
Internal and External Co‐Engineering of Stable Cathode Interface Improves Cycle Performance of Polymer Sodium Batteries
Authors: Pan Jun , Hu Lulu , Zhang Yuchen , Zhang Tao , Wang Nana , Dou Shixue , Fan Hong Jin
Published: February 2023

The development of polymer sodium batteries requires cathode materials with stable interfaces to avoid poor interfacial contact and interfacial side reactions during cycling. Here, a co‐engineering strategy is deployed to tailor the cathode internal structure and improve the cathode interface stability through bonding interactions. Internally, the effect of low‐cost Fe substitution in the obtained Na0.67Mn2/3Fe1/3O2 cathode material renders favorable effects in several aspects. First, the increased lattice constant facilitates Na+ intercalation and thereby lowers the diffusion barrier of Na+ ions. Second, it increases the electronic conductivity, thereby improving the reaction reversibility. Third, the MnO bond length is shortened, which alleviates the Jahn‐Taylor effect and improves structural stability. In addition to these internal effects, the FeOB bond interactions due to Fe substitution promote the decomposition of the tris(trimethylsilane)borate additive and the formation of a dense and uniform cathode electrolyte interface film, leading to improved cycling stability. Owing to the co‐engineering of both internal structure and surface modification, the polymer solid‐state sodium battery with a stable interface exhibits a specific capacity of 85.2 mAh g‐1 after 800 cycles at 1 C.
Hygrothermic Wood Actuated Robotic Hand
Authors: Bai Lulu , Zhang Yaoxin , Guo Shuai , Qu Hao , Yu Zhen , Yu Haipeng , Chen Wenshuai , Tan Swee Ching
Published: February 2023

Stimulus–responsive actuators play a vital role in the new generation of intelligent systems. However, poor mechanical performance, complicated fabrication processes, and the inability to complex deformation limit their practical applications. Herein, these challenges are overcome via designing a strong hygrothermic wood actuator with asymmetric water affinity. The actuator is readily constructed by sandwiching polypyrrole‐coated wood with a Ni complex hygroscopic gel top layer for moisture absorption and a polyimide bottom layer as the water barrier. The resulting hygrothermic wood spontaneously stretches and bends itself in response to moisture and thermal/light stimulation. A robotic hand and a series of grippers made of hygrothermic wood demonstrate dexterous object–hand interactions during grasping and holding, while the reversible hygrothermic property allows the actuator to be potentially applied in fire rescue scenarios to rescue trapped objects. A combination of good mechanical properties, multi‐stimulus‐response, complex deformation, wide working temperature range, low manufacturing cost, and biocompatibility are simultaneously realized by one device. It is thus believed that such a strong wood actuator will open up a new avenue for building intelligent robotic hand systems.
Ultrahigh‐Voltage LiCoO2 at 4.7 V by Interface Stabilization and Band Structure Modification
Authors: Zhuang Zhaofeng , Wang Junxiong , Jia Kai , Ji Guanjun , Ma Jun , Han Zhiyuan , Piao Zhihong , Gao Runhua , Ji Haocheng , Zhong Xiongwei , Zhou Guangmin , Cheng Hui‐Ming
Published: February 2023

Lithium cobalt oxide (LCO) is widely used in Li‐ion batteries due to its high volumetric energy density, which is generally charged to 4.3 V. Lifting the cut‐off voltage of LCO from 4.3 V to 4.7 V will increase the specific capacity from 150 to 230 mAh g‐1 with a significant improvement of 53%. However, LCO suffers serious problems of H1‐3/O1 phase transformation, unstable interface between cathode and electrolyte, and irreversible oxygen redox reaction at 4.7 V. Herein, interface stabilization and band structure modification are proposed to strengthen the crystal structure of LCO for stable cycling of LCO at an ultrahigh voltage of 4.7 V. Gradient distribution of magnesium and uniform doping of nickel in Li layers inhibit the harmful phase transitions of LCO, while uniform LiMgxNi1−xPO4 coating stabilizes the LCO‐electrolyte interface during cycles. Moreover, the modified band structure improves the oxygen redox reaction reversibility and electrochemical performance of the modified LCO. As a result, the modified LCO has a high capacity retention of 78% after 200 cycles at 4.7 V in the half cell and 63% after 500 cycles at 4.6 V in the full cell. This work makes the capacity of LCO one step closer to its theoretical specific capacity.
Metal–Organic Frameworks Meet Polymers: From Synthesis Strategies to Healthcare Applications
Authors: Bindra Anivind Kaur , Wang Dongdong , Zhao Yanli
Published: February 2023

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been at the forefront of nanotechnological research for the past decade owing to their high porosity, high surface area, diverse configurations, and controllable chemical structures. They are a rapidly developing class of nanomaterials that are predominantly applied in batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, sensors, drug delivery, gas separation, adsorption, and storage. However, the limited functions and unsatisfactory performance of MOFs resulting from their low chemical and mechanical stability hamper further development. Hybridizing MOFs with polymers is an excellent solution to these problems, because polymers—which are soft, flexible, malleable, and processable—can induce unique properties in the hybrids based on those of the two disparate components while retaining their individuality. This review highlights recent advances in the preparation of MOF–polymer nanomaterials. Furthermore, several applications wherein the incorporation of polymers enhances the MOF performance are discussed, such as anticancer therapy, bacterial elimination, imaging, therapeutics, protection from oxidative stress and inflammation, and environmental remediation. Finally, insights from the focus of existing research and design principles for mitigating future challenges are presented.
Spiro‐Conjugation in Narrow‐Bandgap Nonfullerene Acceptors Enables Broader Spectral Response and Higher Detectivity for Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Shao Lin , Hong Ling , Cao Yunhao , Tang Haoran , Huang Yijun , Xia Xinxin , Bai Yuanqing , Dong Minghao , Zhang Xin , Lu Xinhui , Yang Xiye , Liu Chunchen , Huang Fei , Cao Yong
Published: February 2023

Near‐infrared (NIR) organic photodetectors (OPDs) are competitive candidates for flexible electronics in biomedical imaging and optical communications applications. However, current OPDs still suffer from a low detectivity beyond 1000 nm and a high dark current at bias due to the lack of high‐performance narrow‐bandgap non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). In this study, spiro‐conjugated core donor (D) unit is adopted to construct NFAs, SPT‐4F andtSPT‐4F. Comparing with PT‐4F without spiro‐conjugation, the orthogonal spiro‐conjugated planes endow SPT‐4F andtSPT‐4F with more rigid conformation and thus superior intermolecular stacking, resulting in the enhanced absorption beyond 1000 nm. Impressively,tSPT‐4F based device gives the best performance with a dark current of 4.52 × 10−10A cm−2under reversed bias of −0.1 V, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) response over 48% at 1010 nm, a detectivity of 1.25 × 1013Jones and a responsibility of 0.40 A W−1at 1010 nm. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the best performed devices reported to date for binary NIR OPDs with response beyond 1000 nm. This study provides a feasible molecular design strategy to develop narrow‐bandgap NFAs with spiro‐conjugation for highly detective NIR OPDs.
Excitation of Chiral Cavity Plasmon Resonances in Film‐Coupled Chiral Au Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Jing , Zheng Jiapeng , Li Kwai Hei , Wang Jianfang , Lin Hai‐Qing , Shao Lei
Published: February 2023

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures have attracted increasing attention because of their superchiral near‐fields as well as strong far‐field chiral optical response. Recently, the development of chemical synthesis methods enabled the large‐scale manufacturing of three‐dimensional colloidal chiral plasmonic nanocrystals. Further improving the chiral optical response of such nanostructures will greatly facilitate their practical applications. In this work, it is found both in calculations and experiments that chiral cavity plasmon resonances can be excited in film‐coupled chiral Au helicoid nanoparticles, enabling the significant enhancement of the nanostructure chiral optical response. In addition, it is demonstrated from simulation that the chiral cavity mode can modulate the emission polarization of a point electric dipole placed in the nanocavity formed by the nanoparticle and the Au film, allowing the emission of almost circularly polarized photons by the linear dipole with the emission circular polarization anisotropy factor reaching as high as 93%. The film‐coupled chiral plasmonic nanoparticles therefore provide a promising platform for the construction of advanced chiral optical devices such as on‐chip nonreciprocal nanoscale light sources, chiral plasmonic sensors, chiral metamaterials, plasmonically enabled valleytronic devices, and nanophotonic circuits for future on‐chip communication applications.
Deposition Methods for the Integration of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) in Sensor Applications
Authors: Caldara Manlio , van Wissen Gil , Cleij Thomas J. , Diliën Hanne , van Grinsven Bart , Eersels Kasper , Lowdon Joseph W.
Published: February 2023

Offering high specificity and selectivity, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymeric affinity reagents that have become increasingly popular over the last couple of decades. Due to their long‐term chemical and physical stability and low production cost, they have become an increasingly popular choice of receptor in the realm of sense. MIPs have therefore been associated with the detection of small molecules, proteins, cells, and pathogens, proving a highly robust and useful tool in the production of next‐gen sensing platforms. This said, the development of these sensors pivots on one simple fact; these receptors have to be deposited onto a substrate for their desired application. The deposition of MIPs during sensor fabrication is therefore of great importance, with the field utilizing an array of mechanical and chemical deposition methods to achieve this. To this end, this review, therefore, sets aim at coalescing these different deposition approaches, classifying them, and outlining their utility when it comes to receptor design and integration. Thus, offering a knowledge base on current deposition methods, potential future approaches and analyzing where the MIP deposition field is tending toward.
Identifying correlates of coral‐reef fish biomass on Florida’s Coral Reef to assess potential management actions
Authors: Zuercher Rachel , Kochan David P. , Brumbaugh Robert D. , Freeman Kathleen , Layko Rachel , Harborne Alastair R.
Published: February 2023

Coral reef fish assemblages are threatened globally, underscoring the need for data‐driven management to reduce threats and restore populations. Comparing fishery management approaches is aided by a detailed understanding of the key factors controlling species’ abundances.

The aims of this study were to assess the importance of biophysical factors compared with fishing impacts on the biomass of reef fishes on Florida’s Coral Reef and to evaluate the potential effects of common management interventions on fish biomass.

Fishing impact was estimated using a fishery‐independent modelling approach and the biomass of the snapper–grouper complex as a proxy for the effects of fishing. Using a separate subset of data from underwater fish surveys, estimated fishing impact was then combined with 18 biophysical variables to model the current biomass of all reef fish species, the snapper–grouper complex, grazing species and species collected for aquaria.

Models explained between 51 and 64% of the variance in fish biomass for the fish groups. The strongest predictor of biomass in the snapper–grouper complex was fishing impact (accounting for 25.2% of the explained variance), whereas reef complexity was the strongest predictor for all other groups.

High‐resolution maps were produced from the statistical models, including maps of current fish biomass and maps of potential biomass under several management scenarios: a no‐take marine reserve, moderate and extensive coral restoration and the addition of artificial benthic structure. Adding structure had the largest single impact on predicted fish biomass (23–72% increase from current estimated levels). However, beneficial synergies emerged when combining habitat‐based management and fishing closures, with some combinations resulting in a reef‐wide averaged 89% increase in biomass relative to current estimated levels.

The results suggest that conservation strategies aimed at protecting and increasing structural reef complexity should be an important part of fishery management discussions.
Assessing and managing charismatic marine megafauna in Palau: Bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) and Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus)
Authors: Friedlander Alan M. , Bukurrou Asap , Filous Alex , Muller Karanassos Christina , Koike Haruko , Koshiba Shirley , Mereb Geory , Nestor Victor , Oleson Kirsten L. L. , Olsudong Dawnette , Oruetamor Jay , Otto E. Ikelau , Polloi Kevin , Rengiil Geraldine , Tellei Elsei , Golbuu Yimnang
Published: February 2023

Bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) and Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) are large, charismatic species with high economic and cultural value in Palau and are important for ecosystem function.

As a result of intense fishing pressure, landings in Palau for both species declined dramatically in the 1990s and, in response, national legislation was enacted in 2006 that imposed a total ban on the extraction, possession, and sale of both species.

In 2013 and 2021, fisheries‐independent stock assessments were conducted and found that the spawning potential ratios (SPRs) for bumphead parrotfish increased slightly from 30% to 34%. Conversely, the SPRs for Napoleon wrasse declined from 12% in 2013 to 4% in 2021. Despite the fishery being closed since 2006, these data suggest the likelihood of significant poaching, resulting in low SPR values, particularly for Napoleon wrasse.

Prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic, marine tourism played a central role in the economic and social life of Palau. A willingness‐to‐pay survey found that divers would pay $1.27 million (2020 USD) more for strictly managed catches of both species, and nearly $3.00 million more if the fishery remained closed.

The total market value for bumphead parrotfish peaked in 1995 at $112,190. The peak total market value for Napoleon wrasse was $66,434 in 2002. The welfare gain/loss for diver tourism is an order of magnitude greater than the fishery market gain/loss, and healthy marine ecosystems are essential for the post‐COVID‐19 economic recovery of Palau. However, because of the cultural importance of these species, there is a desire to manage this fishery for customary use.

Opening a general subsistence harvest season is not recommended ecologically; however, the results suggest that if the SPR of bumphead parrotfish can recover to 40%, a limited quota of individuals with a total length of >95 cm could be sustained, which could be allocated via lottery. However, the fishery for Napoleon wrasse should remain closed given the extremely low SPR values and limited number of large adults in the population.
Parental burnout and depression among Iranian mothers: The mediating role of Maladaptive Coping modes
Authors: Sabzi Narges , Khosravi Zohreh , Kalantar‐Hormozi Bessat
Published: February 2023

Objective

Depression in mothers impacts children negatively. Understanding the antecedents and the underlying mechanisms of depression is essential in helping clinicians target depressive symptoms effectively. This study investigated the relationship between parental burnout and depression in mothers and examined the mediation role of Maladaptive Coping modes.

Method

A total of 224 mothers participated in this study and completed the Parental Burnout Assessment scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, and items related to coping modes in Schema Mode Inventory.

Results

Data analysis with structural equation modeling revealed that depression and parental burnout were positively and significantly related. Bootstrap analysis showed that all coping modes except the Self‐Aggrandizer mode act as mediators between parental burnout and depression in mothers. Detached Protector mode had the strongest indirect effect on depression.

Conclusion

The results suggest Maladaptive Coping modes mediate the association between parental burnout and depression. The present finding provides evidence that Maladaptive Coping modes can be considered probable mediational mechanisms that relate depression to parental burnout in mothers and may serve as potential interventional targets.
RP11‐367G18.1 V2 enhances clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression via induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Shao I‐Hung , Peng Pei‐Hua , Wu Heng‐Hsiung , Chen Ji‐Lin , Lai Joseph Chieh‐Yu , Chang Jeng‐Shou , Wu Han‐Tsang , Wu Kou‐Juey , Pang See‐Tong , Hsu Kai‐Wen
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Metastasis is the end stage of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common malignant subtype. The hypoxic microenvironment is a common feature in ccRCC and plays an essential role in the regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Accumulating evidence manifests that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in RCC tumorigenesis and regulate hypoxia‐induced EMT. Here, we identified a lncRNA RP11‐367G18.1 induced by hypoxia, that was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues.

Methods

A total of 216 specimens, including 149 ccRCC tumor samples and 67 related normal kidney parenchyma tissue samples, were collected. To investigate the biological fucntions of RP11.367G18.1 in ccRCC, migration, invasion, soft agar colony formation, xenograft tumorigenicity assays, and tail vein and orthotopic metastatic mouse models were performed. The relationship between RP11‐367G18.1 and downstream signaling was analyzed utilizing reporter assay, RNA pull‐down, chromatin immunopreciptation, and chromatin isolation by RNA purification assays.

Results

Hypoxic conditions and overexpression of HIF‐1α increased the level of RP11‐367G18.1. RP11‐367G18.1 induced EMT and enhanced cell migration and invasion through variant 2. Inhibition of RP11‐367G18.1 variant 2 reversed hypoxia‐induced EMT phenotypes. An in vivo study revealed that RP11‐367G18.1 variant 2 was required for hypoxia‐induced tumor growth and metastasis in ccRCC. Mechanistically, RP11‐367G18.1 variant 2 interacted with p300 histone acetyltransferase to regulate lysine 16 acetylation on histone 4 (H4K16Ac), thus contributing to hypoxia‐regulated gene expression. Clinically, RP11‐367G18.1 variant 2 was upregulated in ccRCC tissues, particularly metastatic ccRCC tissues, and it is linked to poor overall survival.

Conclusion

These findings demonstrate the prognostic value and EMT‐promoting role of RP11‐367G18.1 and indicate that this lncRNA may provide a therapeutic target for ccRCC.
Understanding hope at diagnosis: A study among Guatemalan parents of children with cancer
Authors: Williams Anneliese H. , Rivas Silvia , Fuentes Lucia , Cáceres‐Serrano Ana , Ferrara Gia , Reeves Tegan , Antillon‐Klussmann Federico , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Mack Jennifer W. , Graetz Dylan E.
Published: February 2023

Background

In high‐income countries, hope facilitates parental coping and builds the clinical relationship between families of children with cancer and their clinicians. However, the manifestation of hope in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) remains poorly understood. Our study explores Guatemalan parents' experiences with hope during the pediatric oncology diagnostic process and aims to identify discrete actions clinicians take to support hope.

Methods

This qualitative study utilized audio‐recordings of the diagnostic process and an additional semi‐structured interview for 20 families of children with cancer at Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica in Guatemala. Spanish audio‐recordings were translated into English, transcribed, and coded using a priori and novel codes. Thematic content analysis using constant comparative methods explored parents' hopes and concerns.

Results

At diagnosis, Guatemalan parents expressed both hopes and concerns related to the entire cancer continuum. Throughout the diagnostic process, hope grew as concerns were alleviated. Clinicians supported hope by creating a supportive environment, providing information, affirming religious beliefs, and empowering parents. These strategies helped parents shift their focus from fear and uncertainty toward hope for their child's future. Parents expressed that establishing hope improved mood, promoted acceptance, and enabled them to care for themselves and their children.

Conclusion

These results confirm the relevance of supporting hope in pediatric oncology settings in LMICs and suggest that culture informs hope‐related needs. Supporting hope is critical across cultures and can be integrated into clinical conversation using the four processes identified by our results.
Pea‐like MoS2@NiS1.03–carbon heterostructured hollow nanofibers for high‐performance sodium storage
Authors: Gao Songwei , He Yixiang , Yue Guichu , Li Huaike , Li Shuai , Liu Jingchong , Miao Beibei , Bai Jie , Cui Zhimin , Wang Nü , Zhang Qianfan , Jiang Lei , Zhao Yong
Published: February 2023

The rational synergy of chemical composition and spatial nanostructures of electrode materials play important roles in high‐performance energy storage devices. Here, we designed pea‐like MoS2@NiS1.03–carbon hollow nanofibers using a simple electrospinning and thermal treatment method. The hierarchical hollow nanofiber is composed of a nitrogen‐doped carbon‐coated NiS1.03 tube wall, in which pea‐like uniformly discrete MoS2 nanoparticles are enclosed. As a sodium‐ion battery electrode material, the MoS2@NiS1.03–carbon hollow nanofibers have abundant diphasic heterointerfaces, a conductive network, and appropriate volume variation‐buffering spaces, which can facilitate ion diffusion kinetics, shorten the diffusion path of electrons/ion, and buffer volume expansion during Na+ insertion/extraction. It shows outstanding rate capacity and long‐cycle performance in a sodium‐ion battery. This heterogeneous hollow nanoarchitectures designing enlightens an efficacious strategy to boost the capacity and long‐life stability of sodium storage performance of electrode materials.
Tuning Mechanically Interlocked Molecules to Recognize Anions and Cations: A Computational Study
Authors: Pereira Orenha Renato , Pereira Furtado Saulo Samuel , Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro , Jeomar Piotrowski Maurício , Finoto Caramori Giovanni , Tame Parreira Renato Luis
Published: February 2023

Ions appear as active components in diverse materials. Here, the bonding energy between mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) or their acyclic/cyclic molecular derivatives and i) Cl− and Br− ions and/or ii) Na+ and K+ ions, have been investigated. The chemical environment provided by MIMs is less preferably to recognize ionic species compared to unconstrained interactions that are furnished by acyclic molecules. However, MIMs can be more adequate structures for ionic recognition than cyclic compounds if a chemical arrangement of the bond sites that relevantly support more favorable interactions with ions compared to Pauli repulsive ambient is provided. The hydrogen replacement by electron donor (−NH2) or acceptor (−NO2) groups in MIMs favors the anion/cation recognition due to decreased Pauli repulsion energy and/or more attractive non‐covalent bonds. This study clarifies the chemical environment provided by MIMs to interact with ions and highlights these molecules as relevant structures to realize ionic sensing.