bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical Analysis of Complex Fracture Propagation Under Temporary Plugging Conditions in a Naturally Fractured Reservoir
Authors: Lu Cong , Luo Yang , Li Junfeng , Chen Chi , Xiao Yongjun , Liu Wang , Lu Hongguang , Guo Jianchun
Published: April 2020

Temporary plugging during fracturing operations has become an efficient method to create a complex fracture network in tight reservoirs with natural fractures (NFs). Accurate prediction of the network-propagation process plays a critical role in plugging- and fracturing-parameter optimization. In this paper, the interaction between one single hydraulic fracture (HF) within a temporary plugging segment and multiple NFs was simulated using a complex fracture-development model. A new opening criterion for an NF penetrated by a nonorthogonal HF already was implemented to identify the dominant propagation direction of a HF under plugging conditions. Fracture displacements and the induced-stress field were determined by the 3D displacement-discontinuity method, and the Gauss-Jordan and Levenberg-Marquardt methods were combined to handle the coupling between rock mechanics and fluid flow numerically. Numerical results demonstrate that the opening and development of an NF are mainly dominated by its approaching angle and relative location. For a certain NF crossed by an HF within the plugging segment, the HF tends to propagate along the NF branch inclined in the main HF direction. The farther the interaction position is away from the HF tip, the easier the NF with an approaching angle less than 30° or larger than 150° can be open, and the outcome will be opposite if the approaching angle is larger than 45° or less than 135°. Higher approaching angle and plugging strength is necessary for expanding the position scope of NF that can be opened around HF. Under the effect of plugging, fluid pressure in the HF plummets at the beginning of the NF opening and keeps decreasing until the NF extends for a certain distance or encounters secondary NFs. Fluid-pressure drop occurs mainly in the unturned NF, together with the width of unturned NF being significantly lower than that of the turned NF and HF. Sensitivity analysis shows that the main factors, such as geometry, aperture profile, and fluid-pressure distribution, affecting the network progress under the temporary plugging conditions are the horizontal differential stress, NF position, approaching angle, plugging time, and plugging-segment length. The simulation results provide critical insight into complex fracture-propagation progress under temporary plugging conditions, which should serve as guidelines for well choosing and plugging optimization in temporary plugging fracturing.
Role of the initial degree of anaemia and treatment model in the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated by chemotherapy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Wenhuan , Zhang Ji-Yu , Liu Wen-Hui , Chen Xian-Xian
Published: April 2020

Background：Anaemia is highly prevalent in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The role of initial haemoglobin levels in predicting the prognosis of GC patients treated by chemotherapy has not been well determined. Our present study aims to evaluate the relationship between the degree of anaemia and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with GC.Methods: Our retrospective study enrolled 598 patients who were treated with chemotherapy when the recurrent or metastatic GCs were unsuitable for surgical resection. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors that had the potential to affect patient prognosis. Additionally, the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics, including treatment method, and degree of cancer-related reduction in haemoglobin was further analysed.Results: Our results revealed that patients with HBini level ≤ 80 g/L had a trend toward a shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.009 and p=0.049, respectively). Interestingly, we also found that HBdec ≥30 g/L was associated with a significantly shortened median OS and PFS (p=0.039 and p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that HBini levels ≤80 g/L could be used as an independent prognostic factor for recurrent and metastatic GC. More importantly, HBdec ≥30 g/L and treatment response were also significantly associated with OS and PFS. Furthermore, the degree of haemoglobin decrease was associated with chemotherapy including platinum and the number of chemotherapy cycles.Conclusion: Our study concludes that the initial degree of anaemia and a decrease in haemoglobin of ≥ 30 g/L can serve as biomarkers to predict prognosis in recurrent or metastatic GC patients, while chemotherapy treatment rather than red blood cell (RBC) transfusion can improve their prognosis. Additionally, platinum should not be recommended for treating severely anaemic GC patients.
Very High Throughput Many-Persons-To-1-Test-Kit Infectious Disease Screening
Authors: Tay Hiok Nam
Published: April 2020

The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic presses huge demand for testing capacity. We posted a new idea--multiplier grid (MG)--online in mid-March 2020 and circulated a writeup by email shortly after to address this issue. It enables use of a moderate number of test kits to screen a large number of individuals to look for a small number of infected individuals. Now, we describe a protocol to implement the MG based on existing diagnostic technologies and existing automated lab equipment. Using industry standard 96-well plate (reserving first 2 wells for positive/negative controls), screening 94*94 = 8,836 individuals needs only 2*96 = 192 sets of test kits, with multiplier being 46. If a test costs $250/kit, with MG per person cost goes down to about $5. The very low cost makes periodic blanket screening (e.g. twice weekly) post-lockdown feasible, without putting pressure on reagent supply and equipment time. Going further, pooling samples from individuals that share the same basic unit of the population beforehand boosts the multiplier further to 46*4 = 184 for average household size of 4, and the number of individuals screened to 94*94*4 = 34,344, using only 2*96 + 4 = 196 sets of test kits. the MG can also be used in livestock farming to detect infection early to avoid mass culling.
Unsafe medication administration experience in nursing practice at Public Hospitals of Harari region, eastern Ethiopia: Phenomenological Study
Authors: Mijena Gelana Fekadu , Oljira Amanuel , Geda Biftu , Egata Gudina
Published: April 2020

Background: The unsafe medication administration is one of the most medication related problems which causes harm and death to the patients and threatens the healthcare system. Medication administration is predominantly the role of nurses. This study was aimed to explore the nurse’s experience of unsafe medication administration at public hospitals in Harari region, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A phenomenological study design was conducted. The data were collected among 11 nurses from March 1 to 31, 2019. The tape recorder and note taking was used to collect the data by in-depth interview and key informant interview method. Open code software version 3.4 was used to write memos, coding and categorizing under their inductive thematic areas. Thematic analysis method were used. Result: The study had explored nurse’s experience of unsafe medication administration. Nurses have reported that they have ever experienced unsafe medication administration like, wrong time, medication, patient and self-stick injury during their practice. i) Organizational factors: inadequate resource, lack of clear policy and job description, lack of supervision and poor collaboration among staffs. ii) Precondition challenges: expensive medication, frequently changed and too much prescription for a single patient, new medications with limited information. iii) Individual nurses factors: work absenteeism, lack of training and knowledge gap.Conclusion: The organizational culture, precondition challenges and individual nurse’s factors was found to be a major factors linked to unsafe medication administration practice. So tailored intervention is needed to reduce the unsafe medication administration in nursing practice.
The Rumen Microbiome in Dry Dairy Cows Reveals the Specific Bacteriome Contributing to Various Physiological Roles and Phenotypes
Authors: Chuang Shih-Te , HO SHANG-TSE , Tu Po-Wen , Li Kuan-Yi , Kuo Yu-Lun , Shiu Jia-Shian , Wang Sheng-Yao , Chen Ming-Ju
Published: April 2020

Background

Most microbiome studies of dairy cows have investigated the compositions and functions of rumen microbial communities in lactating dairy cows. The importance of the relationships among hosts, microbiota, diet composition, and milk production remains unknown in dry dairy cows. Thus, in the present study, the composition of the rumen microbiome in cows from three dairy farms was investigated to identify core bacteria contributing to various physiological roles during rumen fermentation in dry dairy cows.
Results

The results indicated that ruminal fluid in dry dairy cows from different regional farms had core rumen microbiota that could be clearly distinguished from that of cows of the other farms. Further identification of key microorganisms associated with each farm revealed that Prevotella, Methanobrevibacter, Pseudobutyrivibrio, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, and Streptococcus were major contributors. Spearmen’s correlation indicated that the abundance of genera such as Prevotella and Ruminococcus in dry dairy cows could indicate milk yield in the previous lactating period. Functional pathway analysis of the rumen bacterial communities demonstrated that amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were the major pathways.
Conclusions

Our findings provide knowledge of the composition and predicted functions of rumen microbiota in dry dairy cows from regional farms, which underscores the importance of the relationships among hosts, microbiota, diet composition, and milk production.
Screening of five marine-derived fungal strains for their potential to produce oxidases with laccase activities suitable for biotechnological applications
Authors: ALI Wissal BEN , Chaduli Delphine , Navarro David , Lechat Christian , Turbé-Doan Annick , Bertrand Emmanuel , Faulds Craig , Sciara Giuliano , Lesage-Meessen Laurence , Record Eric , Mechichi Tahar
Published: April 2020

Background : Environmental pollution is one of the major problems that the world is facing today. Several approaches have been taken, from physical and chemical methods to biotechnological strategies (e.g. the use of oxidoreductases). Oxidative enzymes from microorganisms offer eco-friendly, cost–effective processes amenable to biotechnological applications, such as in industrial dye decolorization. The aim of this study was to screen marine-derived fungal strains isolated from three coastal areas in Tunisia to identify laccase-like activities, and to produce and characterize active cell-free supernatants of interest for dye decolorization.Results : Following the screening of 20 fungal strains isolated from the harbors of Sfax and Monastir (Tunisia), five strains were identified that displayed laccase-like activities. Molecular-based taxonomic approaches identified these strains as belonging to the species Trichoderma asperellum , Stemphylium lucomagnoense and Aspergillus nidulans . Among these five isolates, one T. asperellum strain ( T. asperellum 1) gave the highest level of secreted oxidative activities, and so was chosen for further studies. Optimization of the growth medium for liquid cultures was first undertaken to improve the level of laccase-like activity in culture supernatants. Finally, the culture supernatant of T. asperellum 1 decolorized different synthetic dyes belonging to diverse dye families, in the presence or absence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) as a mediator.Conclusions : The optimal growth conditions to produce laccase-like active cell-free supernatants from T. asperellum 1 were 1.8 mM CuSO 4 as an inducer, 1% NaCl to mimic a seawater environment and 3% sucrose as a carbon source. The culture supernatant of T. asperellum 1 effectively decolorized different synthetic dyes belonging to diverse chemical classes, and the presence of HBT as a mediator improved the decolorization process.
Work ability index and occupational Fatigue in the Workers of a Large Automotive company in Iran
Authors: Sharifian Seyed Akbar , Eftekhari Sahar , Aminian Omid , Bahrani Tayebe , Rasooli Seyed Ramin
Published: April 2020

Background

Work ability and occupational fatigue are two critical topics in occupational health. We aimed to assess fatigue and the work ability and find their association in the workers of a large Iranian car company.
Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled the workers of SAIPA Automotive Corporation between April and September 2019. We used the Work Ability Index and SOFI-20 questionnaires to assess the work ability and occupational fatigue in the study population, respectively. Then the correlation between work ability index and its association with fatigue dimensions and general study variables were tested.
Results

From a total of 400 workers, we analyzed the data of 376 workers (mean age = 37.1 ± 5.6 years). The mean WAI was 38.01 ± 7.46. Workers with regular exercise training had higher WAI (P < 0.001). Workers in the press shop had a higher WAI as compared with those who worked in the painting shop or trim shop (P < 0.001). The work ability index had a moderate indirect correlation with all of the fatigue dimensions. There was a significant association between the work stations (P = 0.002) and WAI. As regards the fatigue dimensions, higher physical discomfort, lack of motivation and sleepiness were associated with a lower WAI (P = 0.048, P = 0.012 and P < 0.001 respectively).
Conclusion

In this study, we found a negative association between fatigue dimensions and the workability index.
Prevalence of workplace violence against nurses in Iran and its related factors
Authors: Aghayan Shahrokh , Bagherian Zahra , Zolfaghari Pouneh , Daghyanous Batoul , Sohrabi Mohammad Bagher
Published: April 2020

Background: Workplace violence is a relatively common problem in most jobs. The medical personnel especially nursing staff has been exposed to a great deal of violence from patients, companions, and colleagues, and it is necessary to determine its frequency by controlling it. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of workplace violence against nurses. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive study which was performed among 200 qualified nursing staff working in Imam Hossain Hospital in Shahroud of Iran. In this study, after selecting individuals and obtaining informed consent, demographic and workplace violence questionnaires in health sector were collected. Results: Of the 200 participants, 177 (88.5%) were female and the rest were male. The mean age of the participants was 35.8 ± 13.5 years. 81.5% of who were nurses. Also, was showed that psychological violence with the prevalence of 68.5% during the last year was the most violent occurrence against the nurses working in this center. Workplace violence variables were significantly associated with job of nurses (p<0.033), work experience of less than 5 years (p<0.027), work of service in emergency ward (p<0.029), work shift of nurses in circulate shirt (p<0.001), violent male sex (p<0.036) and time of violence in discharge time (p<0.011). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the incidence of violence against nurses was relatively common and the most frequent was psychological abuse. Although it is not easy to accurately calculate violence against medical staff, it is important to carefully examine the same.
Motives for Obtaining a Doctorate and Perceived Meaningfulness of Doctorates: A Comparison between Medicine and Life Sciences
Authors: Epstein Nurith , Huber Johanna , Redies Kathrin , Heuser Sonja , Lachmann Daniel
Published: April 2020

Background: In Germany, more than half of the students complete a doctorate in the life sciences and medicine. Thus the doctorate, which is supposed to pave the way for a research career, also seems to perform other functions. In medicine, there is a cliché that students earn doctorates for reasons of prestige but in the life sciences, there is an assumption that you will not succeed on the labor market without a doctorate. To date, we know little about the actual motives for earning a doctorate and its perceived meaningfulness after graduation. Methods: Motives for obtaining a doctorate from both subject groups were analyzed using data from the E-Prom study (N = 1518). For medicine, additional data from the Bavarian Graduate Study MediBAS (N = 570) were analyzed. Qualitative interview data from the E-Prom study (N = 28) were used to better understand the motives for obtaining a doctorate in their substance and to compare them with the retrospectively perceived meaningfulness. Results: In medicine, the motives of “customariness” and feared “career disadvantages” predominate. Approximately half of the medical doctoral graduates had little or no interest to do research during or after the doctorate. In the life sciences, customariness and feared career disadvantages are important motives, too. However, research (career) interest also receives high and significantly higher approval than in medicine. Moreover, female medical graduates express significantly lower research and career motives; the latter also applies to the life sciences. The qualitative analyzes indicate a close connection between career paths and justifications of meaningfulness of the doctorate in the life sciences. In medicine, justifications of meaningfulness are closely related to initial motives for obtaining a doctorate. Hence, people who only pursued a doctorate to bear a title accordingly justified their doctorate’s meaningfulness merely with its acquisition. Conclusion: Our results stress the need for greater promotion of (academic) research careers among medical students, as well as the promotion of female careers in and outside of academic research. Further investigations are necessary to understand the exact mechanisms behind our results and to develop effective interventions.
Does dynapenic abdominal obesity accelerate the decline in physical performance in older adults?
Authors: Máximo Roberta de Oliveira , Oliveira Dayane Capra de , Ramirez Paula Camila , Luiz Mariane Marques , Souza Aline Fernanda de , Delinocente Maicon Luís Bicigo , Steptoe Andrew , Oliveira Cesar de , Alexandre Tiago da Silva
Published: April 2020

Background

There are few epidemiological evidences of sex differences in the association between dynapenic abdominal obesity and the decline in physical performance among older adults.
Objectives

To investigate whether the decline in physical performance is worse in individuals with dynapenic abdominal obesity and whether there are sexes differences in this association.
Methods

A longitudinal analysis was conducted with 3,881 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing aged 60 years or older in an eight-year follow-up period. The outcome was physical performance evaluated using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Abdominal obesity was determined based on waist circumference (> 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women). Dynapenia was determined based on grip strength (< 26 kg for men < 16 kg for women). The sample was divided into four different groups: non-dynapenic/non-abdominal obese (ND/NAO); non-dynapenic/abdominal obese (ND/AO); dynapenic/non-abdominal obese (D/NAO); and dynapenic/abdominal obese (D/AO). Changes in SPPB performance levels in these groups, stratified by sex, were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models adjusted by sociodemographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics.
Results

At baseline, women with D/AO had the worst performance on the SPPB among the groups analyzed (-1.557 points; 95% CI: -1.915 to -1.199; p < 0.001), and men with D/AO had a worse performance on the SPPB compared to those in the ND/NAO and ND/AO groups (-1.179 points; 95% CI: -1.639 to -0.717; p < 0.001). Over the eight-year follow-up, men with D/AO had a faster decline in performance on the SPPB compared to those in the ND/NAO group (-0.106 points per year; 95% CI: -0.208 to -0.004; p < 0.05).
Conclusion

Dynapenic abdominal obesity accelerates the decline in physical performance in men but not women.
Accurate physical modeling and synchronization control of dual-linear-motor-driven gantry with dynamic load
Authors: Li Chao , Chen Zheng , Yang Can , Yao Bin , Pu Shiliang
Published: April 2020

To achieve high-accuracy tracking of dual-linear-motor-driven (DLMD) gantry, high-level synchronization between redundant actuators is a nonnegligible factor and also a difficult issue to be solved prior. Especially, when both XY axes are simultaneously operating to accomplish complex tasks efficiently, additional coupling effects will be generated by the dynamic load presented on the crossbeam, which makes the synchronization issue more complicated compared to the case with static load. However, due to the absence of an accurate model to fully reveal the complete coupling characteristics, existing approaches to this issue still have inherent limitations. Therefore, this paper focuses on the systematic physical modeling and synchronization control of DLMD gantry with a dynamic load presented on the crossbeam. A complete coupling mathematical model is established firstly, by fully considering two linear motions (X-axis and Y-axis) and also including the additional rotational motion of the crossbeam. Built upon the effective model information, corresponding solutions by compensating the dynamic load effects and actively controlling the rotational dynamic to regulate the internal forces have been proposed, leading to a novel adaptive robust synchronization control method. Comparative experiments are carried out, and the results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in dealing with synchronization issue subjected to dynamic load effects.
Beyond knowledge acquisition: multilevel factors influencing family planning utilization among women in conservative communities in Rural Burundi.
Authors: HAKIZIMANA SONIA , Odjidja Emmanuel Nene
Published: April 2020

BackgroundWith a fertility rate of 5.5 children per woman, Burundi has been ranked as fourth highest country with the highest fertility rate in the world. Family planning is known to allow couples to achieve the desired family size, appropriate space birth and the limitation of pregnancies. Also, family planning can contribute to mitigating some health issues such as unintended pregnancies and abortions all of which, are often associated with multi-parity. In conservative community in rural Burundi, knowledge on family planning is high and such services are free yet utilisation is low. Employing a mixed methods, this study first quantifies contraceptive prevalence and second, explore the contextual multilevel factors associated with low family planning utilisation MethodsAn explanatory sequential mixed study was conducted. Five hundred and thirty women in union were interviewed using structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Next, 11 focus group discussions were held with community members (n=132). The study was conducted in eighteen collines of two health districts of Vyanda and Rumonge in provinces of Bururi and Rumonge respectively. Quantitative data was analysed with SPSS and qualitative data was coded and deductive thematic methods were applied to find themes and codes.ResultsThe overall contraceptive prevalence was 22.6%. Injectables (40%), Implants (24.6%), Male condom (10.8%) and pills (6.2%) were the major contraceptive methods utilized by study participants. Natural contraceptive methods were used by 13.8% of women interviewed. The reasons for not using modern contraceptive methods were side effects (51%), perceived postpartum (18.8%), religious beliefs (12.9%), partner’s opposition (8.4%), partner absenteeism (6.4%) and lack of awareness (2.5%). The qualitative component identified fear of side effects, religious beliefs, cultural barriers, spousal communication gap and refusal of family planning services by health practitioners as factors.ConclusionThe study suggests that low uptake of family planning can be attributed to perceived or experienced side effects as well as deeply rooted negative beliefs which are reinforced by religious beliefs. Men and religious leaders’ involvement in family planning initiatives can positively impact behaviour change and increase family planning acceptance.
Dynamics Modeling of Corneal Deformation under Air Puﬀ with Linear and Nonlinear Viscoelastic Model
Authors: Kim Jong Ryeol , Ko Match Wai Lun , Zhalgas Aidana , Wei Dongming
Published: April 2020

Background: The aim of the study is to model the corneal dynamic deformation under an air puﬀ excitation. The deformation response of the cornea was modeled by using linear and nonlinear viscoelastic models. The corneal deformation responses generated from the linear and nonlinear viscoelastic model were correlated with the clinical results, which were obtained from Corneal Visualization Scheimpﬂug Tonometer (Corvis ST) to evaluate the comparable biomechanical parameters of the cornea. Methods: A prompt deformation occurs when the external force applied to the cornea. Then a continuous deformation follows. A simple mass, spring and dashpot system were used to model human eyeball. Results: In linear viscoelastic model, the corneal elastic stiﬀness commanded behavior of the corneal deformation and its maximum, when the viscous component aﬀected for its lateral shifting and marginally alter the magnitude.Whereas, in the nonlinear viscoelastic model, the corneal material nonlinearity commanded the behavior and maximum of the corneal deformation, while the viscous component marginally contributed for its lateral shifting and demonstrated the minimum aﬀect on the magnitude and form. A multi-objective genetic algorithm-based optimization procedure was used to identify the material properties in the nonlinear viscoelastic model for 29 eyes of 20 normal people. Conclusion: The corneal deformation response model with nonlinear viscoelastic model showed to have a better ﬁt with the corneal dynamic deformation behavior under an air pulse excitation. The biomechanical properties of the cornea in vivo can be evaluated by using and analysing dynamic deformation of the cornea under an air puﬀ excitation model.
A Numerical Study of Wind Turbine Airfoil Combined Oscillations Considering Phase Difference under Yaw Loads
Authors: Yin Yufeng , Ji Zhengjie , Zhang Jin , Yin Xuan , Feng Yijie , Liu Peishan
Published: April 2020

In order to further improve the operating efficiency of wind turbines and explore the aerodynamic performance of the complex motion of wind turbine blades under yaw loads. In this study, the change in the angle of attack of the blade section airfoil under yaw load can be modeled as an oscillating airfoil and combined with the blade's flapwise motion. The NREL S809 airfoil are chosen for the research, based on the SST k-ω turbulence model with transition correction, under the condition of Reynolds number of 10 6 . The effect of phase difference on its aerodynamic performance under combined flapwise and pitching motion in various flapwise amplitudes and working conditions were analyzed. For the combined oscillations, the effects of the flapwise amplitude ( h ) in the range of 0.2≤ h ≤0.5 are investigated with the phase differences of Φ=±3π/4, ±π/2, ±π/4, 0. The results show that the phase difference between the pitching motion and the flapping motion and the different flapping amplitudes can have a large impact on the aerodynamic performance of the airfoil during dynamic stall, but the degree of influence is greatly different in different situations.
Impact of metastatic lymph nodes on survival in well and moderately differentiated appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors: whether current “lymph node-decided” surgical strategy benefits?
Authors: Lin Haiping , Wang Liyuan , Bai Yang , Yu Shian
Published: April 2020

Background Current guidelines recommended right hemicolectomy for appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (A-NETs) patients with lymph node (LN) metastasis. Prognoses of these patients are favorable, and the prognostic impact of metastatic LN is controversial.Objective The study aims to evaluate the prognostic factors of well and moderately differentiated A-NETs, and explore whether right hemicolectomy/ more extended procedure (RHCM) improves prognosis compared to less extended than right hemicolectomy (LRHC).Methods The Fine-Gray proportional hazards model was established to calculate subdistribution hazard ratios of prognostic factors. A propensity score matching was performed to balance intergroup differences between the LRHC and RHCM groups. Survival difference between the after-matched groups was tested using the Gray test, and subgroup analyses were conducted.Results In the multivariate analysis, age, race, histological type and distant metastatic status were associated with prognosis, while tumor size and nodal status were not. After propensity score matching, the patients’ characteristics were well balanced. RHCM did not confer survival advantage in the whole after-matched patients or any subgroup.Conclusions Metastatic LN does not significantly impact prognosis, and RHCM fails to improve prognosis compared to LRHC. Therefore, the current “LN-decided” surgical procedure may not be suitable for patients with well and moderately differentiated A-NETs.
Case report: A bulla mistaken for a pneumothorax
Authors: Aujayeb Avinash
Published: April 2020

Introduction:Vanishing lung syndrome, also known as giant bullous emphysema is a condition usually reported in young male thin smokers. There are numerous case reports that have added to the body of evidence. There are also case reports of the giant bulla being misinterpreted for a pneumothoraxCase report:A 61 year old male with severe chronic obstructive lung disease presented to Accident and Emergency with progressive breathlessness. A chest radiograph showed a giant right sided bulla that was initially misinterpreted as a tension pneumothorax. Further review of his imaging and lung function pointed to him having vanishing lung syndrome. He was referred for a cardiothoracic opinion but was eventually managed conservatively.Discussion:Vanishing lung syndrome is characterised by a slowly enlarging upper lobe bulla that compresses normal lung parenchyma and causes mediastinal shift, with the patients experiencing increasing dyspnoea and reduced exercise tolerance. Smoking cessation is the mainstay of treatment. If they are relatively asymptomatic, patients are managed conservatively. Otherwise a variety of lung volume reduction techniques can be consideredConclusion:A large bulla can look the same as a pneumothorax but the former does not have a lung edge and has a more rounded appearance. A CT scan is very useful in differentiating between the two pathologies. Bullae are predominantly caused by smoking. Bullae will cause high total lung volumes and residual volumes, but low alveolar volumes. Bullae can be observed or treated by surgical techniques
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals the landscape of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK) family genes in pan-cancer
Authors: Chen Erlin , Bian Saiyan , Ni Wenkai , Wang Peng , Wang Feiran
Published: April 2020

Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (CDKs) get widely involved in cancer development. However, A wealth of conflicting data raise the question whether CDKs serve as oncogenes or cancer suppressors. Here, we integrate multi-omics analysis to explore the core genes of CDK family across multiple cancer types. To our surprise, CDKs are overexpressed in a wide range of cancers, where heterozygous amplification contributed to such transcriptional dysregulation. To explore the functional impact of such overexpression, further pathway analysis revealed that CDK genes cancer hallmarks such as apoptosis and cell cycle. CDK expression associates with 58 drug sensitivity including Trametinib and I-BET-762. Taken together, our study define the landscape of CDKs in a system level and open potential therapeutic opportunities for cancer patients.
Lernen mit immersiver Virtual Reality: Didaktisches Design und Lessons Learned
Authors: Buchner Josef , Aretz Diane
Published: April 2020

In diesem Beitrag wird ein didaktisches Design zum Einsatz von mobiler immersiver Virtual Reality vorgestellt. Die Erprobung erfolgte im Mai 2019 an einer deutschen Grundschule. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler haben dazu Karton-VR-Brillen selber zusammengebaut, getestet und im Anschluss für das Lernen eines Themas aus dem Sachunterricht verwendet. Die theoretische Grundlage für den Ablauf des Lernarrangements stellt die Generative-Learning-Theory dar. Diese sieht vor, dass die Lernenden während der Auseinandersetzung mit einem Medium Lernaktivitäten ausführen. Wir haben diese Vorgehensweisen noch um kommunikative und kollaborative Elemente erweitert, sodass die Kinder in Paaren gemeinsam an den Aufgabenstellungen arbeiteten. Auf eine Phase des «Sehens in der virtuellen Welt» folgte stets eine Phase des sozialen Austauschs mit dem Partner bzw. der Partnerin. Schriftliche und visuelle Zusammenfassungen wurden in einem «Team-Heftchen» festgehalten. Nach dem Lernereignis wurden die ermittelten Informationen in der Klasse gemeinsam besprochen sowie die von den Schülerinnen und Schülern kreierten eigenen Ideen für VR-Aufgabenstellungen präsentiert. Am nächsten Schultag erfolgte zudem eine Reflexion über das Medium VR. Lessons Learned sowie Empfehlungen zum Einsatz runden den Beitrag ab.
Selbstreferentialität und Historisierung als Werkzeuge medialen Handelns im bildungswissenschaftlichen Kontext
Authors: Wedler Katharina
Published: April 2020

Bedingt durch die Potentiale digitaler Lehr- und Lernformate verändert sich die didaktische Gestaltung von Seminaren beispielsweise dahingehend, dass sich das Aneignung von Wissen zunehmend der Lebenswelt Studierender anpasst. In dem folgenden Beitrag soll anhand studentischer Arbeiten aufgezeigt werden, welchen Einfluss ein individueller Prozess der Wissensaneignung auf das Produkt nimmt. Die durch die Studierenden erstellten Erklärvideos demonstrieren anhand ihrer transformierten Texte in Kombination mit Pop Art Clips eine aktuelle Darstellungsform Populärer Kultur und setzen somit visuell als auch textuell den state of the Art fest. Die Herausforderung in der Erarbeitung eines eigenen Erklärvideos zu einem wissenschaftlichen Diskurs bestand in der Kombination komplexer Theorie gekoppelt an ein praktisches, den Sachverhalt untermauendes Beispiel. In ihren Videos stützen sich die Studierenden zumeist auf eigene Erfahrungen, aus denen zudem ihr Weltverständnis hervorgeht. Das Storytelling zeugt davon, wie die Performativität um die individuelle Lebenswelt und der Prozess der Subjektivierung als Form der Bildung in der populären Kultur zur Wissensaneignung beiträgt.
The Analysis of Cooling Time and Energy Consumption of VAV Fan-pad Evaporative Cooling Systems in a Greenhouse
Authors: Zeng Zhixiong , Guo Jiaming , Wei Xinyu , Lü Enli , Liu Yanhua
Published: April 2020

Mechanical ventilation systems are applied in greenhouses for temperature adjustment, but they consume a large amount of energy. This research aims to optimize the energy consumption of a variable air volume (VAV) fan-pad evaporative cooling system via experimentation. We discuss the effects of adjusting the VAV fan-pad evaporative cooling system on temperature and humidity, and we provide an estimate of the corresponding energy consumption under different highest stable temperature conditions. The test results demonstrate that a higher fan frequency is typically accompanied by greater ventilation quantity, faster cooling speed, more pronounced effects of the fan-pad evaporative cooling system fan, and more intensive energy consumption during the cooling process compared with a low fan frequency. When the temperature increased for 71 seconds or 60 seconds in a specific temperature zone (34 to 35 °C), the indoor temperature could be reduced to the optimum for crops with a fan frequency of 20 Hz, saving more than 87% of the energy output. When the warm-up time for a specific temperature zone (34 to 35 °C) was 41 seconds, the indoor temperature could be reduced to the optimum temperature for crops only when the fan frequency was 50 Hz. The VAV fan-pad evaporative cooling system increased the relative humidity in the greenhouse to satisfy crop production demands. The temperature of crops shared the same variation trend as temperatures inside the greenhouse. Our research results theoretically benefit cooling control and energy-saving design of greenhouses in the subtropics.
Perpaduan Cakrawalamu dan Cakrawalaku: Hermeneutik Gadamer dan Sumbangsihnya bagi Pendidikan Teologi di Indonesia
Authors: Simanjuntak Wilda
Published: April 2020

AbstractReading messages from the past to fi nd their implications for the present is a difficult task of interpretation. Certain hermeneutical skills are needed to prevent failure to bridge the gap in perspective between writers andreaders, and to meet the contextual needs. The focus of this article is the framework of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutic theory. Studying Gadamer provides important benefits for contextual hermeneutic studies. This article suggests that Gadamer’s hermeneutics is beneficial for theological education struggling to overcome the diversity of horizons in the process of discovering the meaning of scriptures.

AbstrakMembaca pesan dari masa lalu, menemukan implikasinya bagi masa sekarang adalah tugas memaknai yang tidak mudah. Dibutuhkan keterampilan hermeneutis tertentu untuk mencegah kegagalan menjembatani kesenjangan cara pandang yang ada di antara penulis dan pembaca, dan memenuhi kebutuhan lingkungan yang kontekstual. Fokus artikel ini adalah kerangka teori hermeneutik Hans-Georg Gadamer. Hasil studi terhadap Gadamer ini memberi manfaat penting bagi studi hermeneutik dalam semangatnya mencarimakna yang kontekstual. Studi ini menyarankan bahwa hermeneutik Gadamer bermanfaat bagi pendidikan teologi yang selalu bergumul mengatasi kepelbagaian horizon dalam proses menemukan makna Kitab Suci.
Rehabilitación neuropsicológica en niños con TDAH: ¿Qué dice la evidencia sobre el entrenamiento neurocognitivo?
Authors: Fernández Martha
Published: April 2020

Los programas de entrenamiento cerebral son cada vez más populares entre los niños. El objetivo general del estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática sobre el entrenamiento cognitivo en niños con TDAH. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, ELSEVIER, ERIC, SciELO, Redalyc, PsycINFO, MEDLINE,  DOAJ, Latindex y Dialnet. Ademas en buscadores como Google Académico. Los documentos debían estar publicados entre 2013 hasta 2018. Por cada programa de entrenamiento neurocognitivo se acordó un tope de 50 estudios y la población objeto de estudio fue niños y adolescentes con TDAH. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudios sobre entrenamiento neurocognitivo informan que el Cogmed, Lumosity, Learning Rx, CogniFit, TDAH Kids Trainer, BrainHQ, Captain’s Log Mind Power Builder, Engage, ETAM, Jungle Memory, MeMotiva Junior y TEAMS son de gran utilidad, siendo los 5 primeros los más empleados, seis de los cuales se dirigen al entrenamiento neurocognitivo de niños con TDAH. Conclusiones: Hace falta evidencia científica que respalde la utilidad de los programas de entrenamiento neurocognitivo en niños con TDAH.
Estrategia mejora en el proceso de atracción y mantenimiento de clientes potenciales, mediante el uso de contenidos basados en experiencias de gamificación
Authors: Navia Cesar , Jurado José Luis
Published: April 2020

El presente documento describe la propuesta de una estrategia de mejora basada en principios de gamificación para potencializar los procesos de captación y mantenimiento de clientes potenciales para una empresa del sector de software. Este trabajo busca generar un factor de impacto y referencia para las empresas que buscan alternativas que mejoren los indicadores de customer engagement y les permitan acceder a nuevos mercados introduciendo servicios y productos de una forma poco invasiva y amigable a sus clientes. El trabajo describe inicialmente el contexto del problema que se desea abordar, una revisión de las referencias teóricas usadas durante la investigación y luego se presenta la estrategia propuesta en el marco del modelo de ventas de la empresa, finalmente se describe unas conclusiones de la estrategia presentada y el trabajo a futuro que la empresa tiene planteado desarrollar.
Antecedentes históricos de los indígenas de Baja California
Authors: Bendímez Patterson Julia
Published: April 2020

Este estudio explica la forma como se han ido desenvolviendo los primeros pobladores de esta región, inicia en el periodo paleo-indígena, para después avanzar paulatinamente en el tiempo hasta llegar al problema actual que caracteriza a muchas de las comunidades indígenas de nuestro país. No obstante que la historia ha sido documentada por la sociedad dominante, sin contar con la versión de los actores nativos, y en lo que se refiere a estas sociedades, ésta es sumamente escueta. En la actualidad, la conciencia de muchos mexicanos no-indígenas está permeada con la concepción heredada desde la época colonial y continuamos marginándolos y considerándolos como un obstáculo para la modernización, al grado que, actualmente quedan menos de 1,000 indígenas en las comunidades de Baja California.
Algunas propuestas metodológicas para el estudio de la Baja California durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX
Authors: Grijalva Larrañaga Aidé
Published: April 2020

La presente constituye una interpretación en términos socioeconómicos de los acontecimientos bajacalifornianos durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, vinculando estos sucesos locales a las políticas centrales así como a los intereses extranjeros. Existen dos grandes vertientes de análisis en el estudio de este periodo de la historia bajacaliforniana. La primera vertiente está estrechamente vinculada con el estudio de la historia del sur de California y de los Estados Unidos. La otra vertiente habla de las especificidades que presentaba la península durante el periodo de estudio.
La población indígena de Baja California, México: características físicas
Authors: A. Tyson Rose
Published: April 2020

Este artículo consiste en una descripción de los rasgos físicos de los indígenas, tomando como base los relatos de los primeros exploradores que llegaron a la península y los testimonios obtenidos a través de los restos óseos que aún se conservan. De todos los miles de personas que habitaron la península en los últimos milenios, existen sólo aproximadamente 100 individuos representados a través de restos óseos en todos los museos del mundo. Se analizarán muestras de algunos de estos individuos y con el fin de compararlas, se establecerá su asociación arqueológica y su localización en el tiempo. De esta forma, utilizando tanto los relatos históricos como el análisis métrico actual de los restos óseos, surge una más completa descripción de la población prehistórica de la península, de la cual se obtienen resultados interesantes.
Los molokanos rusos de Baja California
Authors: Adams Muranaka Therese
Published: April 2020

La finalidad de esta investigación es aproximarse un poco más y averiguar quiénes son los molokanos y por qué huyeron de la Rusia imperial. Con este fin es necesario buscar las fuentes de la cristiandad ortodoxa. La separación de la iglesia católica y el catolicismo griego se dio en 1054, y seiscientos años después en 1654, sobreviene otra separación entre los ortodoxos rusos, de allí surgen los "creyentes a la antigua". En 1905, una colonia de agricultores rusos se estableció en el norte de Baja California, en el valle de Guadalupe, la cual ahora es conocida como Francisco Zarco o "colonia rusa". Aunque este artículo no llega a una conclusión para clasificar a este grupo, se espera que este estudio ilustre el parentesco étnico entre todos los colonos del valle. Se pueden diseñar algunas líneas susceptibles para su uso posterior en las que los lugares arqueológicos sugieren la etnicidad; aunque sin contar con la información histórica.
Determinantes del crecimiento del empleo en la industria maquiladora de exportación en México
Authors: Navarrete Rodolfo , Fernández José Luis
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo se propone explicar el crecimiento del empleo maquilador durante el período 1979-1985. La localización de la actividad responde a los costos de producción en México. Propone la especificación de tres tipos de ecuaciones de comportamiento: para el producto, para la productividad y para el empleo en esta actividad. Como resultado del contraste entre estas hipótesis con datos correspondientes al período 1979-1985, se logra un conjunto de resultados empíricos. Concluye señalando que la determinación del producto y empleo maquilador se cifra en la evolución de la demanda estadounidense; sin embargo, los riesgos asociados derivan de su alta vulnerabilidad, la de ser industria hacia un solo mercado, y del posible desarrollo de equipo industrial reprogramable para usos múltiples que facilita la relocalización de procesos de ensamble hacia Estados Unidos.
¿Representa el programa de maquiladoras mexicanas una verdadera estrategia de desarrollo?
Authors: Sklair Leslie
Published: April 2020

El cuestionamiento con que se presenta este artículo propone un esquema evaluativo para la estrategia de la industrialización vía maquiladoras en el caso de México. Parte de señalar que la estrategia de crecimiento basada en la inversión y tecnología extranjera ha adquirido una popularidad inusitada entre los tomadores de decisiones en países del Tercer Mundo. El concepto de dependencia ha sido sometido ya a rigurosas críticas teóricas, sin embargo, lo realmente importante es "establecer el potencial del desarrollo dependiente para ser revertido". El panorama que se ofrece es diverso y abarca aspectos que resultan polémicos e inagotables, y las conclusiones a las que se puede llegar después de reflexionar en el tema, con seguridad no tendrán la misma validez hoy que mañana.
Exploración de las concepciones sobre la escritura para el diseño de un centro de escritura digital en la educación media
Authors: Calle-Álvarez Gerzon Yair
Published: April 2020

El presente trabajo expone los resultados de una investigación que trata sobre las concepciones de la escritura académica de los estudiantes y profesores de dos instituciones de educación media que contribuyeron a tomar decisiones sobre el diseño de un centro de escritura digital. Se adoptó un método de estudio de casos y se aplicó un cuestionario de indagación a estudiantes y profesores de una institución educativa pública y de otra privada, se consolidó la información en una base de datos y se realizó un análisis desde las categorías que emergían. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes tienen una concepción de la escritura desde lo gramatical, y los profesores, desde lo textual. En las conclusiones se plantea que el reconocimiento de la escritura académica que se desarrolla en las instituciones es importante en el momento de pensar un diseño de un centro de escritura digital que responda al contexto donde va a funcionar.