bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UTILITARIANISM WRITES NARRATIVES IN THE CONTENT OF PARAGRAPHS USING AESTHETIC DICTION
Authors: Nuriana Asep Roni , El Luthfi Alwi Kuswoyo , Intan Dede
Published: June 2022

This article aims to describe utilitarianism in writing narratives in conveying the hidden message to the contents of paragraphs using aesthetic diction, research conducted in SMP IT Al-Qohhariyyah with the object of research in class IX from the results of the study illustrating that 45% of students were unable to deliver the mandate using aesthetic diction caused by not having an idea of the mandate to be delivered and not knowing the aesthetic diction, 30% of students were able to convey the mandate but did not use the aesthetic diction of this group had the ideas and mandate to be delivered but did not yet know the aesthetic diction and 25% of students were able to convey the mandate the aesthetics of this group have ideas and amants to be conveyed and have known aesthetic diction. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive approach.
Convergence of corporate governance in state-owned enterprises: A case study in an emerging market using OECD Guidelines
Authors: Sheehy Benedict , Madrid Kristoffer Gabriel Laurio
Published: June 2022

This article investigates an under-researched area of government activity and corporate governance reform, namely, corporate governance in state-owned enterprises. State-owned enterprises (SOEs) form a significant part of the economy in many countries and particularly in Asia. This article contributes to the larger corporate governance convergence debate by investigating whether arrangements originally conceptualised in the private sector prior to going global have indeed gone global and extended into the public sector. The article approaches the problem by investigating three interrelated questions posed by Clarke (2011): whether convergence could occur, whether it is occurring and whether such convergence is a good thing. Using a combination of DiMaggio and Powell’s (1983) institutional framework, convergence theory and doctrinal methods, the article sets the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises as a benchmark and assesses Philippine state-owned enterprise law and practices. The analysis revealed a high level of convergence. We find evidence that convergence was occurring by a series of high-level dialogues, that it was open and sufficiently non prescriptive to allow selective adoption and adaptation to local context. In evaluating the convergence, we believe that the benefit to the overall welfare of the Philippines outweighed the drawbacks
Epidemiological analysis of the first 1,000 cases of SARS-CoV-2 lineage BA.1 (B.1.1.529, Omicron) compared to co-circulating Delta, in Wales, United Kingdom
Authors: Pacchiarini Nicole , Sawyer Clare , Williams Christopher , Sutton Daryn , Roberts Christopher , Simkin Felicity , King Grace , McClure Victoria , Cottrell Simon , Clayton Helen , Beazer Andrew , Williams Catie , Rey Sara , Connor Tom , Moore Catherine
Published: June 2022

Background: The Omicron (lineage B.1.1.529) variant of severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported
in Wales, UK on 3 December 2021. The aim of the
study was to describe the first 1000 cases of the Omicron variant by
demographic, vaccination status, travel and severe outcome status and
compare this to contemporaneous cases of the Delta variant.
Methods: Testing, typing and contact tracing data were
collected by Public Health Wales and analysis undertaken by the
Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC). Risk ratios for
demographic factors and symptoms were calculated comparing Omicron cases
to Delta cases identified over the same time period. Results:
By 14th December 2021, 1000 cases of the Omicron variant had been
identified in Wales. Of the first 1000, just 3% of cases had a prior
history of travel revealing rapid community transmission. A higher
proportion of Omicron cases were identified in individuals aged 20-39
and most cases were double vaccinated (65.9%) or boosted (15.7%). Age
adjusted analysis also revealed that Omicron cases were less likely to
be hospitalised (0.4%) or report symptoms (60.8%). Specifically a
significant reduction was observed in the proportion of Omicron cases
reporting anosmia (8.9%). Conclusion: Key findings include a
lower risk of anosmia and a reduced risk of hospitalisation in the first
1000 Omicron cases compared to co-circulating Delta cases. We also
identify that existing measures for travel restrictions to control
importations of new variants identified outside the UK did not prevent
the rapid ingress of Omicron within Wales.
Numerical Assessment of Morphological and Hydraulic Properties of Moss, Lichen and Peat from a Permafrost Peatland
Authors: Cazaurang Simon , Marcoux Manuel , Pokrovsky Oleg S. , Loiko Sergey V. , Lim Artem G. , Audry Stéphane , Shirokova Liudmila , Orgogozo Laurent
Published: June 2022

The hydraulic properties of ground vegetation cover are important for
high resolution hydrological modeling of permafrost regions, due to its
insulating and draining role. In this study, the morphological and
effective hydraulic properties of Western Siberian Lowland ground
vegetation samples (lichens, Sphagnum mosses, peat) are
numerically assessed based on tomography scans. After numerical
pre-processing, porosity is estimated through a void voxels counting
algorithm, showing the existence of representative elementary volumes
(REV) of porosity for most samples. Then, two methods are used to
estimate hydraulic conductivity depending on the sample’s homogeneity.
For the most homogeneous samples, Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of
a single-phase flow are performed, leading to a definition of hydraulic
conductivity related to REV, which is larger than those obtained for
porosity. For more heterogeneous samples, no adequate REV may be
defined. To bypass this issue, a pore network representation of the
whole sample is created from computerized scans. Morphological and
hydraulic properties are then estimated through this simplified
representation. Both methods converged on similar results for porosity.
Some discrepancies are observed in the morphological properties
(specific surface area). Hydraulic conductivity fluctuates by two orders
of magnitude, depending on the method used, and yet this uncertainty is
less than that found in experimental studies. Therefore, biological and
sampling artifacts are predominant over numerical biases. Porosity
values are in line with previous values found in the literature, showing
that arctic cryptogamic cover can be considered as an open and
well-connected porous medium (over 99% of overall porosity is open
porosity). Meanwhile, digitally estimated hydraulic conductivity is
higher compared to previously obtained results based on field and
laboratory experiments. This could be related to compressibility
effects, occurring during field or laboratory measurements. Thus, some
supplementary studies are compulsory for assessing syn-sampling and
syn-measurement perturbations in experimentally estimated, effective
hydraulic properties of such a biological porous medium.
The Specific Biopanning of Single-domain Antibody Against Haptens Based on a Functionalized Cryogel
Authors: Zhang Tianjiao , Liu Chang , Zheng Hongwei , Han Xiangning , Lin Hong , Cao Limin , Sui Jianxin
Published: June 2022

Phage display technology is commonly applied for high-throughput
screening of single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), and the problem of
non-specific adsorption caused by carrier proteins is often faced during
the biopanning of single-domain antibodies against haptens. Therefore,
an enrofloxacin (ENR)-functionalized cryogels was prepared for
application in the biopanning of ENR-specific phages, which was prepared
by the ethylenediamine (EDA) and carbodiimide methods. To improve the
efficiency of biopanning, double blocking, a wash solution flow rate of
1 ml/min and phage pre-incubation were applied to the biopanning process
through single-factor experiments. The results of flat colony counting
showed that the phage output of AG-ENR cryogels was 15 times higher than
the phage output of AG cryogels for the same input amount. And 7
complete sequences of ENR-specific shark sdAbs were obtained by
monoclonal phage ELISA and sequence alignment. All these results
indicated that AG-ENR cryogels can improve the efficiency of
hapten-specific phages biopanning and this study provided a novel and
efficient method for phage biopanning for single-domain antibody to
haptens.
Affordable de novo generation of fish mitogenomes using amplification-free enrichment of mitochondrial DNA and deep sequencing of long fragments
Authors: Ramon-Laca Ana , Gallego Ramon , Nichols Krista
Published: June 2022

Biomonitoring surveys from environmental DNA make use of metabarcoding
tools to describe the community composition. These studies match their
sequencing results against public genomic databases to identify the
species. However, mitochondrial genomic reference data are yet
incomplete, only a few genes may be available, or the suitability of
existing sequence data is suboptimal for species level resolution. Here
we present a dedicated and cost-effective workflow with no DNA
amplification for generating complete fish mitogenomes for the purpose
of strengthening fish mitochondrial databases. Two different
long-fragment sequencing approaches using Oxford Nanopore sequencing
coupled with mitochondrial DNA enrichment were used. One where the
enrichment is achieved by preferential isolation of mitochondria
followed by DNA extraction and nuclear DNA depletion (‘mitoenrichment’).
A second enrichment approach takes advantage of the CRISPR-Cas9 targeted
scission on previously dephosphorylated DNA (‘targeted mitosequencing’).
The sequencing results varied between tissue, species, and integrity of
the DNA. The mitoenrichment method yielded 0.17-12.33 % of sequences on
target and a mean coverage ranging from 74.9-805-fold. The targeted
mitosequencing experiment from native genomic DNA yielded 1.83-55 % of
sequences on target and a 38-2123-fold mean coverage. This helped
complete the mitogenome of species with homopolymeric regions, tandem
repeats and gene rearrangements. We demonstrate that deep sequencing of
long fragments of native fish DNA is possible, can be achieved with low
computational resources in a cost-effective manner, exceeding the
widespread genome skimming approach, and allowing the discovery of
mitogenomes of non-model or understudied fish taxa to a broad range of
laboratories worldwide.
Amphetamines Exacerbate then Ameliorate Respiratory Effects of Fentanyl as Their Dose Increases
Authors: Elder Harrison , Varshneya Neil B. , Walentiny David , Beardsley Patrick
Published: June 2022

Background and Purpose: The opioid epidemic remains one of the most
pressing public health crises facing the United States. Rising rates of
opioid-involved overdose deaths are presently driven primarily by
fentanyl and related synthetic opioid agonists that are resistant to
reversal by naloxone and increasingly used as adulterants or clandestine
substitutes in illicitly produced opioids, sedatives, and
psychostimulants. Deaths involving opioids typically result from lethal
respiratory depression and it is currently unknown whether co-use of
psychostimulants with opioids affects respiratory toxicity. Considering
psychostimulant overdoses have increased over 3-fold since 2013, and
half of those co-involved opioids, this is a cardinal question.
Experimental Approach: Naloxone, d-amphetamine (AMPH), and
(+/-)-methamphetamine (METH), were evaluated for their effects on basal
and fentanyl-depressed respiration. Minute volume (MVb) was measured in
awake, freely moving mice via whole-body plethysmography to quantify
fentanyl-induced respiratory depression and its modulation by dose
ranges of each test drug. Key Results: Naloxone reversed respiratory
depression induced by fentanyl only at the highest dose tested (10
mg•kg-1). Both AMPH and METH exhibited bidirectional effects on MVb
under basal conditions, producing depressions then elevations of
respiration as dose increased. Under depressed conditions the
bidirectional effects of AMPH and METH on respiration were exaggerated,
exacerbating and then reversing fentanyl-induced depression as dose
increased. Conclusions and Implications: These results indicate that
co-use of amphetamines with fentanyl may worsen respiratory depression,
but conversely, monoaminergic components of the amphetamines may
possibly be exploited to mitigate fentanyl overdose.
Dominated taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover but functional nestedness of wetland bird beta diversity in North China
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Zhuoen , Yang Guisheng , Feng Gang
Published: June 2022

Decomposition of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional beta diversity
into their turnover and nestedness component could provide novel insight
for biodiversity conservation, e.g., provide implications for the Single
Large Or Several Small reserves debate (SLOSS debate). This study
applied this beta diversity decomposition in wetland bird communities in
North China, aiming to propose scientific and comprehensive suggestions
for bird diversity conservation in this region. Paired t test was used
to compare the differences between taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional
turnover and their nestedness component. In addition, spearman
correlation analysis was used to assess the associations between each
explanatory variable and each beta diversity index. The results showed
that taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity among wetland bird
communities in North China was dominated by turnover, while functional
beta diversity was dominated by nestedness. Importantly, the
phylogenetic and functional results showed similar patterns even after
control the effects of taxonomic beta diversity. In addition, the
taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover was more associated with both
climate variables and spatial distances than other component. The
contrasting patterns between taxonomic, phylogenetic decomposition and
functional decomposition of wetland bird communities in North China
indicate that distinctive conservation strategies should be considered
for different biodiversity dimensions. Specifically, the conservation of
taxonomic and phylogenetic bird diversity in this region should focus on
multiple wetlands, while the conservation of bird functional diversity
should focus on single wetland with high functional diversity.
Recombinant protein subunit COVID-19 Vaccine Induced Guillain-Barre Syndrome in an adolescent: A case report.
Authors: Rohilla Rachna , Kakkar Ashish , Divyashree Krishna , Mohindra Ritin , Suri Vikas
Published: June 2022

Guillain- Barre Syndrome (GBS), an autoimmune neurological disease of
peripheral nerves has been causally associated with COVID-19 vaccination
in adults. However, no such report has been published so far in
children. We describe a 13-year old female child who presented to
emergency department with complaints of bilateral upper limb, lower limb
and truncal weakness over three days following first dose of recombinant
protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine (Corbevax). Clinical examination and
nerve conduction studies showed pure motor axonal polyneuropathy with
absent compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in all sampled nerves of
upper and lower limbs which was consistent with the diagnosis of GBS
after ruling out possible alternative aetiologies. A temporal
association between first dose of protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine
administered a day prior and symptom onset was noted. The causality
assessment using World Health Organization (WHO) tool for adverse event
following immunization (AEFI) assessment indicated vaccine-product
related reaction categorized as A1. Patient’s clinical condition
improved after seven sessions of plasmapheresis. The purpose of this
report is to create awareness among the health care professionals about
COVID-19 vaccine induced GBS in children as early diagnosis and
management can be critical in avoiding complications and improving
patient outcomes.
Development and validation of a full physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model for sublingual buprenorphine that accounts for nonlinear bioavailability
Authors: Hoogdalem Matthijs van , Johnson Trevor , Vinks Alexander , Mizuno Tomoyuki
Published: June 2022

Aim: Sublingual buprenorphine is used in the treatment of opioid use
disorder (OUD) and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). The aim
of this study was to develop a full physiologically-based
pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that can adequately describe dose- and
formulation-dependent bioavailability of buprenorphine. Methods: Simcyp
(v21.0) was used for model construction. Linear regression modeling was
explored to describe sublingual absorption of buprenorphine across dose.
Published clinical trial data not used in model development were used
for validation. The PBPK model’s predictive performance was deemed
adequate if the geometric means of ratios between predicted and observed
(P/O ratios) area under the curve (AUC), apparent clearance (CL/F), peak
concentration (C), and time to reach
C (T) fell within the 1.25-fold
prediction error range. Results: Sublingual buprenorphine absorption was
best described by a regression model with logarithmically transformed
dose. By integrating this nonlinear absorption profile, the PBPK model
adequately predicted buprenorphine pharmacokinetics (PK) following
administration of sublingual tablets and solution across a dose range of
2–32 mg, with geometric mean (95% confidence interval) P/O ratios for
AUC, CL/F, C, and T equaling 0.99
(0.86–1.12), 1.04 (0.92–1.18), 1.24 (1.09–1.40), and 1.07
(0.95–1.20), respectively. Conclusion: A fully validated PBPK model was
developed that adequately predicts dose- and formulation-dependent
buprenorphine PK following sublingual administration. The model forms
the foundation on which a fetomaternal PBPK model for buprenorphine can
be built. Fetomaternal PBPK modeling will allow conceptualization of
prenatal buprenorphine exposure and investigation of its influence on
postnatal NOWS severity.
Electrochemical harvesting of Chlorella sp.: Electrolyte concentration and interelectrode distance
Authors: Al-Yaqoobi Atheer , Al-Rikabey Muna
Published: June 2022

Two modes of electrochemical harvesting for microalgae were investigated in the current work. A sacrificial anode (aluminum) was used to study the electrocoagulation-flotation process, and a nonsacrificial anode (graphite) was used to investigate the electroflotation process. The study inspected the effect of chloride ions concentration and the interelectrode distance on the performance of the electrochemical harvesting processes. The results demonstrated that both electrodes achieved maximum harvesting efficiency with a 2 g/L NaCl concentration. Interestingly, by increasing the NaCl concentration to 5 g/L, the harvesting efficiency reduced dramatically to its lowest value. Generally, the energy consumption decreased with increasing of NaCl concentration. Moreover, the energy consumption achieved with aluminum anodes is lower than that achieved with graphite. However, by increasing the gap between the electrodes from 15 mm to 30 mm, the time required to achieve the maximum efficiency doubled, and energy consumption increased consequently.
Improvement of the monochlorobenzene separation process through heat integration: A sustainability-based assessment
Authors: Paiva Ana , Santos Rafael , Maia Mônica , Prata Diego
Published: June 2022

Chlorobenzene is an important chemical intermediate in the production of commodities, such as herbicides, dyestuffs, and rubber. In this work, a heat integration was proposed for a monochlorobenzene separation process. The conventional process structure and the proposed integrated one were designed and simulated. An optimization focused on minimizing the cooling and heating costs was performed to obtain the best-operating conditions for the heat integration. The simulation of a utility plant, including cooling water and steam generation sections, was also carried out for more accurate estimations of CO2 emissions, water, energy consumption, and operating costs. The processes were evaluated and compared in terms of their sustainable performances using the eco-efficiency comparison index method and environmental and economic indicators, such as CO2 emission, water consumption, and utility cost, to assess the benefits of heat integration. The results demonstrated that the proposed strategy reduced around 57% of all environmental impacts and utility costs. As the composite evaluation index from the performance indicators showed, the proposed optimal heat integrated industrial plant significantly improved the initial processes? eco-efficiencies, up to 83%, proving a suitable strategy for a more sustainable process.
Genetic diversity for mineral element in seeds of Turkish oat landraces
Authors: Erbaş Köse , Mut Zeki , Akay Hasan
Published: June 2022

Oat grain is an important cereal in the human diet and as an animal feed. It
is cultivated in many regions of the world. This study was carried out to
determine the variability in the element content of these oat gene sources
collected from the West and Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey. Two hundred
and fifty-six oat genotypes were examined under this study. The mean of
mineral elements in landraces and commercial cultivars were 40.39 g kg-1 and
36.16 g kg-1 for K, 23.90 g kg-1 and 28.51 g kg-1 for P, 12.47 g kg-1 and
10.99 g kg-1 for Mg, 10.92 g kg-1 and 10.96 g kg-1 for Ca, 2.58 g kg-1 and
2.36 g kg-1 for Na, 54.70 mg kg-1 and 53.02 mg kg-1 for Fe, 32.08 mg kg-1
and 23.51 mg kg-1 for Mn, 25.39 mg kg-1 and 24.05 mg kg-1 for Zn and 8.26 mg
kg-1 and 8.07 mg kg-1 for Cu, respectively. The ranges of mineral elements
in the landraces were significantly higher than those in the commercial
cultivars. The contributions of the first and second principal components
(PC1 and PC2) to the total variation were 43.0% and 15.6%, respectively.
These results indicate that examined oat landraces can provide a good source
of diversity in mineral elements concentration and could be successfully
used in biofortification programs.
Somaclonal variation in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): ISSR and cytological evidences
Authors: Azizi Seyed , Farahani Farah , Sheidai Masoud
Published: June 2022

New advancements in tissue culture techniques have resulted in vitro
propagation of several regenerations of horticultural crops. The somaclonal
variation which occurs during plant tissue culture is a potential source for
inducing new genetic variability in such crops. Several approaches have been
utilized to ascertain the occurrence of somaclonal variation. The
pomegranate plant can adapt to various environmental conditions and grow
well in different kinds of soil and climate. Pomegranate Zagheh cultivar is
mainly cultivated in the state of Esfehan, Kashan city in Iran. The present
study was performed to investigate the potential occurrence of somaclonal
variation in tissue culture regenerated plants of the cultivar Zagheh and
provide morphological, cytological and molecular evidences for its
occurrence. Nodal segments were chosen for the in vitro propagation of
pomegranate. Explants were cultured on MS basal medium. We carried out both
molecular (ISSR) and karyological studies in propagation collected. In the
present study, we observed variation in both morphological (length of shoot,
branch, internode, leaf and root and number of branch and root) and genetic
features of the tissue culture regenerated plants. The regenerated plants of
the third sub-culture differed from mother plants in the ISSR marker. We
observed frequent occurrence of cells with different chromosome numbers,
ranging from normal diploid 2n = 2x = 16 to tetraploid 2n = 32 chromosome
number.
GGE biplot analysis for seed production potential of European carrot (Daucus carota L.) genotypes in plains and submountenous zones of Punjab
Authors: Kaur Karamvir , Dhillon Tarsem , Singh Rajinder
Published: June 2022

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is grown worldwide in two different groups namely
Asian and European. However the seed production of European cultivars is not
possible in tropical and sub-tropical areas with less chilling period. The
present study was planned to find the suitable areas in Punjab near
foothills of Himalaya for seed production of European cultivars. Therefore
fifteen carrot genotypes stecklings were transplanted in three dates of
sowing i.e. first week of December, first week of January and first week of
February at two locations of Punjab namely Ludhiana and Langroya. Seed yield
traits like number of branches, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per
plant, 100 seed weight and seed yield per hectare were recorded. Combined
analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for GE
(genotype?environment) interaction indicating the possibility of stable
genotypes. Seed production was better in location Langroya and better than
location Ludhiana. Most of the genotypes showed stable performance with
regard to seed yield and yield parameters in first week of December and
first week of January by GGE Biplot. Number of branches were significantly
higher in genotype Pusa Meghali which was statistically at par with P-3,
PCO-4. Similarly PCO-4 showed maximum number of seeds per plant and PCO-6
showed the highest seed weight per plant and 100 seed weight. Moreover, seed
yield per hectare for genotypes PCO-4, PCO-6 was significantly higher than
other genotypes. The study showed that European cultivars of carrot i.e.
Pusa Meghali, PCO-4 and PCO-6 cultivars can produce seed in submontaneous
zones of Punjab.
Association of il-1β(-511 c / t) and il-1β (-31 t / c) gene polymorphism with endoplasmic reticulum stress marker levels in acute decompensated heart failure with low ejection fraction
Authors: Sabirli Ramazan , Köseler Aylin , Mete Ergun , Türkçüer Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Inflammatory processes play an important role in the pathogenesis of heart
failure. The accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum
lumen and the unfolded protein response signal path is activated. The IL-1?
gene is located in the Chromosome 2.q14 region. -31 and -511 single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the IL-1?promoter region.
These two SNPs affect IL-1expression. This study aims to investigate the
presence of IL-1?(-511 C / T) and IL-1? (-31 T / C) gene polymorphisms and
the relationship between ER stress markers and inflammatory markers.
Patients who applied to the department of emergency medicine with the
findings of acute decompensated heart failure. Polymorphic sites of theIL-1?
gene were determined by DNA sequencing. In all study, individuals with
IL-1?(-31 T / C) T allele have higher serum PERK, GRP-78, CHOP and CRP
levels median values than individuals with IL-1?(-31 T/C) C allele (p =
0.0001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002 and p =0.011, respectively). Serum ERK and
GRP-78 values in HF group were higher in individuals with IL-1?(-31 T / C) T
allele compared to individuals with C allele (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.006).
There was a statistically significant difference in serum CHOP levels in the
control group with the IL-1? (-511 C / T) T allele and the individuals with
the C allele in the HF group (p = 0.002). In conclusion, we consider that
the inflammatory response caused by IL-1? (-31 T / C) gene polymorphism
increased and the ER stress response increased, inflammatory pathway and ER
stress of having IL-1?(-31 T / C) T / T genotype or T allele.
Evaluation of grain yield of wheat genotypes using stress tolerance indices
Authors: Fatehi Aref , Babarashi Esmail , Mehri Shahram , Salajegheh Mehdi
Published: June 2022

Drought hasunfavorable impacts on the success of agriculture in many parts of
the world.Providing future populations with enough food would obviously
require the evaluation of crop yield, higher potentials, and the provision
of yield stability in drought-affected regions. In this research, the
drought-tolerance of wheat genotypes was studied in a randomized complete
block design and in a three-replication experiment under normal and drought
stress conditions. In two consecutive growing seasons, the measurements
wereaimed at evaluating the stress susceptibility index (SSI), drought
tolerance index (TOL), mean productivity (MP, stress tolerance index (STI,
harmonic mean (HARM), yield index (YI, and genomic mean productivity (GMP).
These parameters described the yieldsof different genotypes for two years
and under both normal and stress conditions. The combined analysis of
variance showed that the environment significantly affected grain yield. The
mean values of parameters by the drought stress condition were less than
those of the non-stress condition.Stress intensity (SI) was 46% and 43% in
the first and second year, respectively.In both years, MP, GMP, STI and HARM
indices correlated significantly with grain yield under stress and normal
conditions. Based on a three-dimensional diagram of these indices, the
pishgam and ws-82-9 genotypes were considered as most superior in the first
year (both conditions).. Furthermore, the pishgam, alvand, and ohadi
genotypes were considered as superior in the second year. According to the
bi-plot diagram and based on the first two major components, these genotypes
were more tolerant to drought stress. In general, it is suggested that the
pishgam shows a higher level of yield sustainability. It was found to be the
genotype with the highest yield under both normal and stress conditions. Its
grain yield and resistance indices have increased during 80 years of
breeding and selection.
Relationship between pediatric celiac disease and chromatin remodeling gene expressions
Authors: Boyacioglu Seda , Caliskan Metin , Dogan Guzide
Published: June 2022

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-dependent systemic disorder that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals resulting in damage in the small intestine. It is known that chromatin remodeling, an epigenetic mechanism, is associated with gastrointestinal diseases associated with chronic inflammation. However, no information is available on the link between CD and chromatin remodeling. For this purpose, the expression profiles of chromatin remodeling group genes in children diagnosed with CD according to Marsh classification and HLA profile were evaluated and their relationship with CD was investigated. Endoscopic biopsies embedded in the paraffin block of 40 children with CD diagnosis and 30 healthy children were included in the study. The most common four mutations (DQA1*05, DQB1*02, DQA1*03, and DQB1*03:02) related to CD on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene were screened. Intestinal biopsy samples were used for mRNA isolations and cDNA synthesis. Expressions of total seven genes in the chromatin remodeling groups (SWI/SNF Complex Group: ARID1A, Polycomb Group: CTBP1, Nucleosome-Remodeling & Histone Deacetylase (NuRD) Complex Group: MTA1, Chromobox/Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) Homologs Group: CBX3 and CBX7, Homeodomain (PHD) Protein Group: NSD1, Inhibitor of Growth (ING) family group: ING 5) were analyzed by Real-Time qPCR. Data analysis was performed online using the software provided by the manufacturer. Overexpression in ARID1A, CTBP1, and NSD1 genes was detected when the CD group was compared against the control group, however they were not significant (p=0.31, 0.33, and 0.33). When CD group who had diarrhea symptom (typical) were compared to the CD group without diarrhea symptom (atypical), statistically significant under-expression was found in CBX3 and CTBP1 genes (p=0.04 and p=0.004). Statistically significant CTB1 overexpression was detected in Marsh 2 CD cases (p=0.03). In the comparison of HLA DQ2/DQ8 positive CD patient group with the control group, the NSD1, CBX3, and EED (p=0.75, 0.75, and 0.78) genes were over-expressed and the CBX7, MTA1, ARID1A, and CTBP1 genes (p=0.74, 0.75, 0.75, and 0.75) were under-expressed. This is the first study to report that expression of chromatin remodeling genes may have roles in the development and progression of CD. The results of this case-control study are open to confirmation by future studies with larger number of subjects to obtain statistically significant results.
Prevalence of variants in DFNB1 locus in Serbian patients with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss
Authors: Dobric Bojana , Radivojevic Danijela , Jecmenica Jovana , Fanis Pavlos , Neocleous Vassos , Phylactou Leonidas , Djurisic Marina
Published: June 2022

Hearing impairment is the most common sensorineural disorder in humans and
many genes have been identified as causable. Despite genetic heterogeneity,
a single locus, DFNB1, that contains genes GJB2 and GJB6, accounts for up to
50% of all cases. Aim of this study was to determine prevalence of
identified variants in DFNB1 locus in patients from Serbia with autosomal
recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL). In this study, PCR-ARMS and
direct sequencing of the GJB2 and GJB6 genes was carried out in 54 probands
and relatives from Serbia with nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL). In 31
patients a series of variants have been identified in the GJB2 gene. Fully
characterized genotype with bi-allelic mutations was observed in 40.74% of
the probands (22/54). The remaining probands were either identified in the
heterozygote form (9/54) or were identified with no (23/54) causing variants
for the tested genes. A total of seven different mutations were found with
following allele frequencies: c.35delG (31.48%), c.71G>A (6.48%),
c.313_326del (5.56%), c.101T>C (1.85%), c.380G>A (1.85%), c.79G>A (0.92%)
and c.269T>C (0.92%). The molecular basis of NSHL in patients from Serbia
was analyzed for the first time in this study. The results have important
implication to the development of the genetic diagnosis of deafness, genetic
counseling, and early treatment in our country. Also, our findings
contribute to the knowledge of geographic distribution of DFNB1 mutations.
Sunflower agronomic traits in field irrigation conditions
Authors: Markulj-Kulundzic Antonela , Sudaric Aleksandra , Matosa-Kocar Maja , Mijic Anto , Liovic Ivica , Viljevac-Vuletic Marija , Varga Ivana , Cesar Vera , Lepedus Hrvoje
Published: June 2022

Multi-year studies are crucial for the evaluation of sunflower hybrids and
quantifying the environmental effect in the expression of genetic potential.
In order to assess the adaptation of eight hybrids and test the impact of
water availability on plant height (PH), head diameter (HD), 1000-grain
weight (TWG), hectolitre mass (HM), seed yield (SY), oil content (OC) and
oil yield (OY), a two-year study was conducted with irrigation as treatment.
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and principal component analysis (PCA)
confirmed the year influence on all tested agronomic traits. According to
the three-way ANOVA, irrigation significantly affected all tested traits
except HD, OC and OY. All agronomic traits had lower values in both rainfed
and irrigated treatment in 2014, confirming the influence of the
environment. The hybrid was a significant source of variation for all
traits. ANOVA and PCA grouped hybrids 1, 7, and 8 in one group and 2, 3, 4,
5, and 6 in another. The first group had lower PH, HD, TGW and SY values and
higher HM, OC and OY values, and the second group had reversed traits
values. Furthermore, the PCA biplot indicates SY was positively correlated
with PH, HD, TGW and OY and HM was positively correlated with OC. This
facilitates the breeding process because it enables indirect breeding for
economically important traits such as seed yield, oil content and oil yield.
As treatments were significant sources of variation for PH, HM, TWG and SY,
sunflower irrigating is considered justified and can be used as an
additional agrotechnical measure to target the agronomic traits.
Understanding the expression of traits under rainfed and irrigation
conditions will greatly help design effective breeding programs by creating
hybrids suitable for cultivation in semi-arid environments.
An overview of rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe polygoni DC) of pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Beniwal Deepa , Dhall R.K. , Yadav Saurabh , Sharma Priti
Published: June 2022

Pea is a self-pollinating, cool season leguminous crop with a diploid
chromosome number of 14. Pea is cultivated extensively and because of high
protein content, pea is a crop with great significance. However, cultivation
of pea gets affected by numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Fungal
diseases such as rust, powdery mildew, fusarium wilt etc. comes under the
biotic stresses which are most widespread. Rust and powdery mildew cause
major damage to the crop in both tropical and temperate locales of the
world. Use of fungicide to control plant diseases is a good approach but
excessive use of fungicide can cause environmental pollution and disasters
throughout the world and can also built resistance in the pathogens.
Therefore, to remove these constraints, disease resistant varieties must be
used. Use of resistant varieties is a safe and efficient alternative method
to control plant diseases. Breeding for rust and powdery mildew resistance
has been started globally and a number of resistant sources have been
identified. To introgress resistant gene into commercial varieties of pea,
molecular tools must be integrated with conventional breeding techniques.
Till date only one linkage map has been generated for rust resistance in
pea; while for powdery mildew, three genes have been mapped. Molecular
markers linked to these genes can be used in breeding programs of resistance
varieties. To improve the efficiency of selection for rust and powdery
mildew resistance and enhance varietal development, the integrated approach
of genomic resources, effective molecular tools and high resolution
phenotyping tools must be used. An overview of pea rust and powdery mildew,
pathogen structure, yield losses and breeding techniques implied to control
these diseases, is provided in this review article.
When Cash is Not King: An Examination of the Relative Effectiveness of Tangible versus Cash Rewards on Whistleblower Reporting Behavior
Authors: Desir Rosemond , Perreault Stephen J. , Wainberg James S.
Published: June 2022

SYNOPSIS

We investigate the effects of incentive type (i.e., cash versus. tangible) in motivating whistleblower behavior. While prior research indicates that cash rewards are an effective means for motivating whistleblower reporting, research has yet to examine the relative effectiveness of tangible incentives (e.g., gift cards, incentive travel, and merchandise) in promoting these prosocial behaviors. Motivated by mental accounting theory, our study experimentally tests and finds that the type of reward offered (cash versus. tangible) interacts with reward size to predict whistleblower reporting behavior. Specifically, whistleblower reporting was less (more) sensitive to changes in reward size when small tangible (cash) rewards were offered. These findings suggest that tangible (i.e., noncash) rewards can increase both the efficiency and effectiveness of whistleblower incentive programs and should be of considerable interest to managers, corporate boards, audit committees, and those charged with corporate governance.
Did Friendship Impair the Auditor's Independence?
Authors: Sherwood Matthew , Porter Christine
Published: June 2022

The objective of this case is to help students identify potential violations of independence between a member of an external financial statement audit team and a client employee. Additionally, this case informs students of the audit firm's responsibilities to identify and address independence violations should they arise. The concept of independence is often difficult for students without any practice-oriented exposure to grasp. The case, loosely based on an actual auditor-client situation, presents a situation an audit professional might encounter in the ordinary course of business to bring the concept of independence to life. Instructors can use this case to enhance their lecture and discussion of auditor independence, either as a graded assignment or a guide for an in-depth class discussion.
The SNAP Cycle and Diabetes Management During a One-Time Change in Disbursement Schedule
Authors: Young Sabrina K. , Atwood Alicia , Allen Lindsay , Pauly Nathan
Published: June 2022

Objective. The 2018-2019 federal government partial shutdown resulted in a one-time disruption to the usual disbursement schedule of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits nationwide. We assess the relationship between this disruption and hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia medical encounters among beneficiaries with diabetes. 

Research Design and Methods. To estimate whether the one-time change in benefit disbursement affects the monthly cycle of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia encounter rates, we use linked administrative Medicaid claims and SNAP disbursement data from West Virginia in a fixed effects (FE) model with interactions between week of the month and the two months of interest – January and February 2019. We control for week, month, year, and county effects as well as individual characteristics, and we cluster standard errors by individual.

Results. We find that the early disbursement of SNAP benefits in January 2019 resulted in a spike in hyperglycemia four times the rate in a typical month. Further, we find a decrease in both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in late February. 

Conclusions. Our findings suggest that the early distribution of benefits led to a temporary increase in food consumption among West Virginia Medicaid beneficiaries with diabetes. Findings from late February also imply that individuals may have a way to prepare for reduced food resources. These results shed new light on the effects of unexpected changes to the timing of safety net payments as well as understanding unintended consequences of government shutdowns.
Long-Term Stability of Novel Surface-Modified Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Used for Preparing Water Based Nanofluids
Authors: MURATÇOBANOĞLU Burak , MANDEV Emre , ŞAHİN Bayram , MANAY Eyüphan , RAHİMPOUR Shabnam , TEİMURİ-MOFRAD Reza , AFSHARİ Faraz
Published: June 2022

Nanofluids are produced by suspending different solid nano-size materials (metal and nonmetal) in a base liquid and are often used in energy systems to increase thermal performance and heat transfer rate. The main problem observed in nanofluids used in heat transfer applications is their instability. Researchers have developed and proposed some solutions to obtain stable nanofluids. One of the most important solutions, is the nanoparticles surface modification method. In this work, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were subjected to chemical processes and their surfaces were modified. Three different modified nanoparticles were synthesized, which are Fe3O4@SiO2@Si(CH2)3-IM [Cl], Fe3O4@Si(CH2)3-IM [Cl], and Fe3O4@SiO2&Si(CH2)3-IM [Cl] nanoparticles. The nanofluids were prepared in 0.2% Vol. fraction by using the produced particles in base fluid which was distilled water, and stability of nanofluids were observed for 3 months. Nanofluids were subjected to ultrasonication for 3.5 h to obtain homogeneous nanofluid. Not modified water-based Fe3O4 nanofluid completely collapsed in approximately 1 week. In modified nanofluids, although sedimentation occurred, it was observed that a certain amount of the particles remained suspended even after 3 months. The most important analyses in this study are Scanning Electron Microscope, X-Ray Diffraction, and Transmission Electron Microscope.
The spread of «Swiss style»in the suburban architecture of Saint Petersburg
Authors:   Ltd «NIiPISpetsrestavratsiya», Rybalchenko M. V.
Published: June 2022

«Swiss style» as an international phenomenon of the romanticism era has imposed a considerable impact on the suburban architecture of St. Petersburg. The article presents a description of two periods of the style existence: the middle of the XIX century, when this style popularity was at its peak, the bright examples referring to this period, apart from cottages, were park pavilions of the aristocracy, and the late XIX - early XX centuries, when the style popularity was in its decline, which occurred during intensive cottage construction in the suburbs of St. Petersburg. The influence of the «Swiss style» is manifested through application of the chalet elements in the architecture of summer cottages not only during the period of the style greatest popularity, but also in the early XX century and even later, in subsequent decades.
Regarding the attributes of the park edifice. Grotto at the Krestovy Pond in the ensemble of the Catherine Palace in Moscow
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Zhukova D. I. , Medvedeva A. E. ,   IE «A. E. Medvedeva»
Published: June 2022

Grotto at the Krestovy Pond, a federal cultural heritage object of the XVIII century, a part of the «Catherine Palace» ensemble (1772-1776), referred to in scientific literature as «Rastrelli Grotto», is located in Moscow, Krasnokursantsky Proezd, 3/5. Scientific research carried out in the process of the cultural heritage object preservation, allowed clarifying the history of its creation, identifying the names of architects who participated in the construction, performing a reliable attribute study. The extant up to our time Grotto at the Krestovy Pond should be considered as a structure referring to the 1720-s - the first decade of the XIX century, a the creative genius symbiosis of a pleiad of outstanding architects N. L. Bidloo, V. V. Rastrelli, A. N. Bakarev (M. F. Kazakov), each of whom has left a spirit of his time in the architectural appearance of the park edifice design.
Efficiency evaluation of the A. M. Kurzanov kinematic support with consideration of its parameters
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Faqiri A.
Published: June 2022

The article discusses the A. M. Kurzanov kinematic supports. Equations of vibrations of the protected object located on the A. M. Kurzanov supports are obtained through the Lagrange equations of the 1-st kind. There has been carried out a numerical analysis for 15 different earthquakes, which allows evaluating the efficiency of seismic isolation (reduction of the maximum absolute accelerations of the protected facility) and estimating mathematical expectation of absolute accelerations. The analysis has shown that with the help of the A. M. Kurzanov kinematic supports, on average, it is possible to reduce the peak acceleration by half. Some recommendations on the use and selection of parameters of kinematic supports are offered.
Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan Mandatory Disclosure Konvergensi IFRS
Authors: Atika Sari Hayyu
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the influence of corporate governance on compliance level of Mandatory Disclosure IFRS Convergence. Data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) through the website www.idx.co.id in the form of annual reports presented in manufacturing companies in 2020-2021. Pursuant to purposive sampling criterion 150 company used as sample in this research. Hypothesis test in this research using multiple linear regression method. The results showed that the number of members of the board of commissioners has no effect on the compliance level mandatory disclosure IFRS convergence is indicated by the value of regression coefficient of 0.002 with significance of 0.615> α 0.05. Ownership of dispersion has an effect on compliance mandatory disclosure level of IFRS convergence shown by regression coefficient value equal to 0,043 with significance equal to 0,044 <α 0,05. The number of board meetings has no effect on mandatory disclosure level of IFRS convergence indicated by regression coefficient value of 0.002 with significance of 0,558> α 0,05. The number of audit committees has an influence on compliance mandatory disclosure level IFRS convergence is indicated by regression coefficient value of 0.033 with significance of 0.002 <α 0.05.