bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-lymphocyte Ratio as Early Sign Plasma Leakage Process in Dengue Infection
Authors: Ashma Aisya Nailatul , Susilo Satrio Budi , Marwanta Sri , Harioputro Dhani Redhono
Published: May 2024

Dengue hemorrhagic fever remains a global health concern, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, such as Indonesia. Plasma leakage is the main symptom of Dengue infection which be seen through a hemoconcentration. NLR and PLR are cost-effective and easily measurable indexes that help to predict signs of infection. This study aims to analyze the correlation of NLR and PLR as early sign on hemoconcentration in Dengue infection. This study was an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at the inpatient infectious disease wards of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital and Sebelas Maret University Hospital. The data was statistically analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. There were seventy subject which of male was more than female. The result of bivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation for NLR (p = 0,008; r = 0,314) and non-significant for PLR (p = 0,150; r = 0,174). Both NLR and PLR were positively correlated with hemoconcentration. The effect of NLR on hemoconcentration was significant. There was a positive correlation significant between NLR and hemoconcentration in Dengue infection.
Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: Multiple Contributing Factors
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Pramono Noor , Hadisaputro Suharyo , Ediati Annastasia
Published: May 2024

Nausea and vomiting are common conditions in earlier pregnancy. Some studies have suggested that nausea and vomiting during pregnancy (NVP) is caused by multiple factors, however, few studies assessed family support and psychological factors. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of NVP and its contributing factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in five Primary Health Centers in Semarang during August 2023. A total of 99 eligible pregnant women were included. A logistic regression was used to determine the significant contributing factors of NVP. The prevalence of moderate to severe and mild NVP was 71.7% and 28.3% respectively. Bivariate analysis indicated that gestational age and anxiety level significantly influence NVP (p-value <0.05). Women with greater gestational age (OR= 2.462; 0.954-6.356) and mild anxiety (OR=3.337; 1.240-8.982) were more likely to experience NVP during their pregnancy. Gestational of 12 weeks and mild anxiety are strongly associated with NVP. These findings highlight the crucial of psychological factors despite other health-related conditions.
Nutrition Counseling, Lipid Profile Improvement and Weight Loss in Obese Patients with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Salman Salman , Hadi Novian Swasono , Ntau Liean A. , Olii Nancy , Astuti Siti Choirul Dwi
Published: May 2024

Obesity with dyslipidemia is a serious problem because it risks various degenerative and metabolic diseases. The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia continues to increase every year, currently in the adult population reaching 21.8%. To prevent the onset of degenerative diseases and metabolic disorders, it is important to control obesity with dyslipidemia through weight loss and lipid profile improvement. This study aims to determine the effect of nutritional counseling in losing weight and improving lipid profiles in obese patients with dyslipidemia. This is a pseudo-experimental study with One group Pre and Post Test Design. The initial stage was the identification of obesity and lipid profile. In 100 respondents identified as obese, total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides were examined. 40 obese respondents with dyslipidemia were determined as samples. The second stage was nutrition counseling intervention. The third stage of evaluation is the re-measurement of body weight and lipid profile. The research result is only 30 respondents participated in the evaluation. Average initial body weight was 75.11 kg and final body weight was 73.14 kg. Average weight loss was 1.97 kg. Average initial cholesterol 233.20 mg/dL and final cholesterol 224.70 mg/dL. Average cholesterol reduction of 8.5 mg/dL. Average initial LDL 152.37 mg/dL and final LDL 139.47 mg/dL. Average decrease in LDL 12.9 mg/dL Average initial triglycerides 161.23 mg/dL and final triglycerides 143.97 mg/dL. The average decrease in triglycerides is 17.26 mg/dL. The statistical test results showed a p-value = 0.000. There is an effect of nutritional counseling on weight loss and improvement of lipid profiles of obese patients with dyslipidemia.
Effect of pH Variations in Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) Medium on E. coli Growth
Authors: Lestari Diah , Haliza Eva Nur , Setiawan Heru
Published: May 2024

The growth of E. coli is influenced by several factors, including environmental pH. Environmental pH unsuitable for bacterial growth conditions will interfere with the enzyme activity and influence bacterial growth. This study aimed to determine the effect of pH variations (5.3, 5.8, 6.3, 7.3, 7.8, 8.3) in EMBA medium on E. coli growth. The research method used was true experiment post-test-only control design. The samples in this study were suspensions with dilutions of 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, and 10-7, inoculated using the duplo test to EMBA with various pH conditions, so that the total sample size is 48. The results showed that the mean number of E. coli bacteria on EMBA with pH 5.3 was 9.1 x 106 CFU/mL; with pH 5.8 was 9.6 x 106 CFU/mL; with pH 6.3 was 1.2 x 107 CFU/mL; with pH 7.3 was 1.1 x 107 CFU/mL; with pH 7.8 was 9.7 x 106 CFU/mL; and with pH 8.3 was 7.1 x 106 CFU/mL. Growth in positive control showed the mean number 1.4 x 107 CFU/mL; negative control showed no growth of E. coli or other microorganisms. Based on the One-Way ANOVA statistical test with a 95% confidence level, there was no difference in the mean number of E. coli bacteria in the six pH variations of EMBA medium (p-value > 0.05). E. coli bacteria grew best at neutral pH. Its growth decreases in slightly acidic and slightly alkaline pH, but it can still be observed. This allows E. coli to survive in extreme pH. Pathogenic E. coli have developed the potential to live inside the human body. They will experience temporary stress in unfavourable conditions before finally adapting. The advice for future researchers is to test the effect of pH on E. coli growth by using other E. coli growth media or with a wider range of pH (more acidic and more basic). It is also recommended to conduct further research about the effect of various environmental conditions such as temperature, nutrients, and others on bacterial growth.
Development of Learning Methods Basic Life Support Based on E-Learning Program for Nurses: Literature Review
Authors: Wijayantha I Putu Arya , Agustini Ni Luh Putu Inca Buntari , Diyu Ida Ayu Ningrat Pangruating , Krisnandari D Anak Agung Istri Wulan
Published: May 2024

Basic Life Support (BLS) training is a must for nurses before entering the world of work. During the establishment of the pandemic in Indonesia, many face-to-face interactions were limited. The limitation also impacts the learning method of nurses. Most of the institutions use the E-learning (online) method. E-learning in nursing study has several advantages, such as being efficient, economical, and flexible. However, it also has disadvantages such as internet access, lack of interaction, and lack of direct practice with the media. This literature review aims to find the best e-learning methods for BLS training. The research design is a literature review. The article was conducted in three journal databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed. A total of 16 articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The study showed that blended learning is the best recommended learning method for BLS. Combined learning methods improve the knowledge and skill performance of the students.
The Impact of Daylight Saving Time Transitions on Domestic Violence Call Volume
Authors:   , Pham Quynh-Nhu
Published: May 2024

Daylight Saving Time (DST) is a longstanding practice in many countries, involving the seasonal adjustment of clocks by one hour forward in the spring, and one hour backward in the fall. Although DST was initially introduced to promote energy conservation and maximize daylight hours, it has become a subject of debate, given its impact on physical and mental health, cognitive performance, and criminal behavior (Kountouris & Remoundou, 2014). In 2022, Colorado enacted a law adopting year-round DST, contingent upon a federal law enabling states to maintain DST throughout the year as opposed to ST, like Hawaii and Arizona (Chasan, 2024). Meanwhile, Massachusetts officials deliberated in October 2023 on two bills: one seeking to establish permanent DST and another aiming to return to Standard Time (ST) year-round (Chasan, 2024). The DST transitions are a contentious topic. One consideration that has largely been overlooked is the effect of DST changes on domestic violence (DV), which is not fully understood. As discussions surrounding the future of DST unfold, there is a pressing need for policymakers to acknowledge and address this overlooked aspect. Research on the potential link between DST and ST changes and DV could contribute valuable insights to inform future decisions and ensure a more thorough understanding of the broader implications of DST changes.
Hypothetical Learning Trajectory pada Pembelajaran Bilangan Negatif Berdasarkan Teori Situasi Didaktis di Sekolah Menengah
Authors: Fahriza Fuadiah Nyiayu
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain  Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) pada pembelajaran bilangan negatif sebagai hasil dari  tahap pertama Didactical Design Research yaitu Analisis Prospektif. HLT ini merupakan tindak lanjut dari hasil identifikasi Learning Obstacle yang yang dilakukan peneliti dalam pembelajaran bilangan negatif yang terintegrasi dalam materi Bilangan Bulat di kelas 7 sekolah menengah pertama. Observasi mendalam terhadap proses belajar mengajar di kelas yang diamati peneliti memperlihatkan kesulitan guru dalam menanamkan konsep bilangan negatif dan operasi bilangan yang melibatkan bilangan negatif serta beberapa kesalahan konstruksi konsep yang dialami oleh siswa.  Istilah HLT merujuk pada rencana pembelajaran berdasarkan antisipasi belajar siswa yang mungkin dicapai dalam proses pembelajaran yang didasari pada tujuan pembelajaran matematika yang diharapkan pada siswa, pengetahuan, dan perkiraan tingkat pemahaman siswa, serta pilihan aktivitas matematika secara berurut. HLT ini disusun berdasarkan analisis terhadap Learning Obstacle, tahap berpikir siswa, dan analisis terhadap kurikulum dengan tetap berpijak pada konsep materi yang harus dipahami siswa.
Problem Posing sebagai Kemampuan Matematis
Authors: Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: May 2024

Perlunya kemampuan dalam membuat permasalahan/persoalan matematis sangat diperlukan oleh seorang guru. Hal tersebut berguna agar guru tidak hanya memberikan soal yang ada di buku saja. Guru dituntut kreatif; guru perlu memiliki kemampuan dalam membuat soal yang dibutuhkan oleh siswanya. Selama ini, kemampuan yang terus disoroti adalah kemampuan dalam menyelesaikan berbagai tipe soal dilihat dari daya pikir siswanya. Untuk kali ini, kita coba lihat dari sudut pandang perlunya kemampuan seorang guru untuk memiliki kemampuan pengajuan permasalahan matematis (mathematical problem posing) ini. Seiring dengan meningkatnya kemampuan membuat soal yang baik tentunya dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran di kelas. Kemampuan mathematical problem posing ini masih menjadi kendala bagi beberapa mahasiswa calon guru matematika, padahal kemampuan ini sangat diperlukan bagi mereka yang akan menjadi seorang guru yang baik. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini, kita akan coba paparkan problem posing sebagai suatu kemampuan matematis yang diperlukan oleh seseorang, terutama calon guru.
Identifikasi Miskonsepsi Mahasiswa Menggunakan CRI pada Mata Kuliah Kalkulus II
Authors: Mujib Abdul
Published: May 2024

Miskonsepsi merupakan masalah yang selalu muncul dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi mahasiswa yang sedang mengambil matakuliah kalkulus II. CRI (Certainty of Response Index) digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi mahasiswa yang mengalami miskonsepsi, tidak paham konsep, dan sama sekali tidak tahu konsep. Penelitian ini melibatkan 20 responden yang sedang mengambil matakuliah kalkulus II. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes diasnogtik dalam bentuk essay. Selain menjawab soal, mahasiswa juga diminta untuk menuliskan tingkat keyakinan kebenaran dari jawaban mereka. Selain itu, wawancara terstruktur juga digunakan untuk mengvalidasi tingkat keyakinan mahasiswa dan penyebab terjadinya miskonsepsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CRI dapat dengan mudah membedakan siswa yang memahami konsep dengan baik dengan mahasiswa yang mengalami kesalahan. Berdasarkan analisis kesalahan mahasiswa diperoleh 46% mahasiswa mengalami miskonsepsi, 53,4% mahasiswa tidak mengetahui konsep dan 0,6% mahasiswa yang sama sekali tidak tahu konsep (lucky guess).
Misconception is an issue that always arises in teaching and learning activities. Therefore, this study aims to identify the misconception of students who are taking calculus II courses. CRI (Certainty of Response Index) is used to identify students with misconceptions, not understanding concepts, and not knowing concepts at all. This study involved 20 respondents who are taking calculus II courses. Instrument used is diagnogtic test in essay form. In addition to answering questions, students are also asked to write down the level of confidence in their answers. In addition, structured interviews are also used to validate student confidence and the causes of misconceptions. The results show that CRI can easily distinguish students who understand the concept well with students who experience errors. Based on the student error analysis, 46% of students have misconception, 53,4% of students do not know concept and 0,6% of students do not know concept (lucky guess).
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining pada Mata Kuliah Pendidikan Matematika Anak Usia Dini terhadap Keaktifan Mahasiswa Program Studi PGPAUD Universitas Dharmas Indonesia
Authors: Hader Antik Estika
Published: May 2024

Pendidikan matematika anak usia dini merupakan salah satu mata kuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa S1 PGPAUD Universitas Dharmas Indonesia. Peneliti sekaligus sebagai dosen pengampu mata kuliah ini, menggunakan metode ceramah dan tanya jawab pada pertemuan ke satu sampai dengan ke empat. Namun menurut pengamatan peneliti, mahasiswa kurang begitu aktif untuk bertanya dan mengemukakan pendapat. Disatu sisi penulis menyadari potensi yang dimiliki mahasiswa sangat besar karena mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah ini pada tahun ajaran 2016/2017, sebagian besar merupakan guru-guru PAUD yang tersebar di beberapa kecamatan di Kabupaten Bungo, Dharmasraya, Kerinci dan Sijunjung yang telah memiliki pengalaman minimal dua tahun mengajar. Penulis mencoba menerapkan model pembelajaran student facilitator dan explaining untuk pertemuan ke lima sampai dengan ketujuh, dan melakukan pengamatan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap keaktifan mahasiswa. Desain penelitian menggunakan bentuk one group pretest-posttest design. Hipotesis diuji dengan menggunakan paired sampel t test dengan software SPSS 20. Penulis menggunakan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Dari hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.01. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran student facilitator and explaining pada mata kuliah pendidikan matematika anak usia dini terhadap keaktifan mahasiswa program studi PGPAUD Universitas Dharmas Indonesia.
Early childhood mathematics education is one of compulsory subjects for undergraduate students of PGPAUD Universitas Dharmas Indonesia. Researcher as well as lecturer this subject, using the method of lecturing and question and answer at the meeting to one to the fourth. However, according to researcher observations, students are less active to ask and express opinions. On the one hand the author realizes the potential of the students is very large because students who take this course in the academic year 2016/2017, most of the teachers PAUD spread across several districts in Bungo, Dharmasraya, Kerinci and Sijunjung who have minimal experience Two years of teaching. The author tries to apply student learning model facilitator and explaining for the fifth to seventh meeting and make observations to see the effect on student activeness. The research design used a one-pretest-posttest design. The hypothesis was tested using paired sample t test with SPSS 20 software. The author used 95% confidence level. From the results of data analysis obtained value of significance of 0.01. So, it can be concluded that there is influence of applying student learning model facilitator and explaining on early childhood mathematics education subject to the liveliness of PGPAUD students of Universitas Dharmas Indonesia.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik untuk Membelajarkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa SMP
Authors: Ahmad Marzuki , Asmaidah Seri
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk prangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) yang dapat membelajarkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa SMP. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan meliputi Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Lembar Aktivitas Siswa (LAS), Buku Pegangan Guru (BPG) dan Buku Siswa (BS) pada materi himpunan untuk siswa kelas VII SMP. Selain itu dikembangkan Juga instrumen tes Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika (KPMM). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (development research) dengan model 4D Thiagarajan, dkk. (1974) yang meliputi tahap pendefenisian (define), tahap perencanaan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop) dan tahap penyebaran (disseminate). Tahapan pengembangan yang dilakukan menerapkan ujicoba produk. Proses tahap pengembangan yang dilakukan melibatkan sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Tambangan sebagai proses uji keterbacaan/simulasi dan siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Tambangan sebagai kelas ujicoba lapangan. Data dikumpulkan melalui dokumen dan tes. Penelitian yang dilakukan memberikan kesimpulan bahwa dihasilkan produk perangkat pembelajaran matematika realistik yang baik/valid untuk topik himpunan untuk siswa kelas VII SMP.
The aims of the study are to produce the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) device to teach of students’ problem solving ability on Mathematics to the Junior High School. Education device development consists of Lesson Plan, Students Activity sheet, Teachers’ Book, and Students’ Book on set matter to the seventh grade students. In the other hand, instrument of problem solving ability was developed. This study is research and development on Four-D Thiagarajan et.al (1974) consists of define, design, develop and disseminate. Steps of development consists test of product. The sample of study   is the seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Tambangan as the simulation test and the SMP Negeri 1 Tambangan as the test. The data is collected through document and test. The result of the study is produced the good and valid Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) device on set matter to teach the seventh-grade students.
Pembelajaran Mood, Understand, Recall, Detect, Elaborate, and Review (MURDER) Berbasis Proyek dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Sumartini Tina Sri
Published: May 2024

Pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika perlu dilakukan dengan tepat agar siswa memiliki kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi. Salah satu metode pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan adalah Mood, Understand, recall, Detect, Elaborate, and Review (MURDER). Pelaksanaan pembelajaran ini diawali dengan membangun suasana hati siswa agar memiliki perasaan dan pemikiran positif terhadap matematika, memahami materi matematika, mengingat kembali materi yang telah dipelajari, Mendeteksi kesalahan yang dilakukan, mengelaborasi pengetahuan, dan mengulas kembali apa yang telah dikerjakan. Agar pembelajaran lebih bermakna, dalam pembelajaran MURDER perlu disertai pelaksanaan suatu proyek yang berkaitan dengan materi yang dibahas. Proyek yang dimaksud dapat berupa pengamatan dan pengkajian terhadap fenomena dalam lingkungan sekitar yang berkaitan dengan materi yang sedang dibahas.
Implementation of mathematics learning needs to be done properly so that students have high-level thinking skills. One of the learning methods that can be used is Mood, Understand, Recall, Detect, Elaborate, and Review (MURDER). Implementation of this learning begins by building the mood of students to have positive feelings and thoughts about mathematics, understand mathematical material, recall the material that has been studied, detect mistakes made, elaborate knowledge, and review what has been done. For learning to be more meaningful, in learning MURDER needs to be accompanied by the implementation of a project related to the material discussed. The project in question can be observation and assessment of phenomena in the surrounding environment related to the material being discussed.
Desain Lintasan Pembelajaran Pecahan melalui Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Afriansyah Ekasatya Aldila
Published: May 2024

Keberhasilan pendidikan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai pelaku yang terlibat didalamnya, khususnya keefektifan seorang pendidik dalam mengelola lingkungan belajarnya. Peningkatan kualitas pendidikan diperlukan sebagai alat ukur dalam mencapai tingkat keberhasilan pendidikan yang lebih baik. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan matematika melalui masukan desain pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan oleh pendidik. Peningkatan ini pun urgen diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan peserta didik Indonesia karena dalam beberapa ajang tes matematika skala internasional, peserta didik Indonesia di level tertentu masih memberikan hasil yang kurang baik. Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) dijadikan sebagai solusi peningkatan kualitas peserta didik. RME mendasari desain dari seluruh konteks dan kegiatan pembelajaran. Design research dipilih sebagai sarana yang tepat untuk mencapai tujuan; dilakukan dalam tiga tahap, desain pendahuluan, percobaan mengajar, dan analisis retrospektif. Penelitian ini melibatkan 6-8 mahasiswa calon guru pada siklus pertama dan 30-40 mahasiswa calon guru pada siklus kedua bertempat di STKIP Garut. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menunjukkan bahwa serangkaian kegiatan pembelajaran RME dapat membuat mahasiswa calon guru tidak lagi keliru dalam memahami topik pecahan secara detail.
The successes of education is influenced by the various factors involved in it, especially the effectiveness of an educator in managing his learning environment. Improving the quality of education is needed as a measuring tool in achieving a better level of educational successes. In this study, researchers have a goal to improve the quality of mathematics education through instructional design input that can be used by educators. This improvement is also urgent to improve the ability of Indonesian students because in some international scale mathematical tests, Indonesian students at medium level still give unfavorable results. Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) Approach serves as a solution to improve the quality of learners. RME underlies the design of all contexts and learning activities. Design research is chosen as an appropriate means to achieve the goal; conducted in three stages, preliminary design, teaching experiments, and retrospective analysis. This study involved 6-8 prospective teacher students in the first cycle and 30-40 student prospective teachers in the second cycle housed in STKIP Garut. The results of this study can show that a series of RME learning activities can make prospective students no longer mistaken in understanding the topic of fractions in detail.
Strategy to Decrease Counterproductive Work Behavior: Implementation of Interpretive Structural Modeling
Authors: Hermansyah  , Notosudjono Didik , Yusnita Nancy
Published: May 2024

This study aims to analyze the determinant factors of Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) to make plan strategies for overcoming Counterproductive Work Behavior. This research used the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) method. The ISM method is able to show the interrelationships between existing elements. This method can be developed to plan strategic human resource management policies related to CWB. The strategy for managing human resources related to CWB in automotive companies in Bekasi is carried out according to the level of importance based on a problem. The results showed that it is necessary to overcome Counterproductive Work Behavior by handling job stress (Task demands, Role demands, Family problems, and Economic problems) and role ambiguity (Clarity of Responsibilities, Clarity of goals, and Clarity of roles and scope of work).
Effects of direct and indirect comprehensive corrective feedback on non-grammatical accuracy in ESL students’ writing
Authors: Karim Khaled
Published: May 2024

This study investigated the effects of direct and two types of indirect comprehensive written corrective feedback (WCF) that differed in their degree of explicitness on students’ revision accuracy as well as short-term and delayed transfer effects of WCF on new writings over time. Feedback treatment was provided three times to test the durability of the effect of feedback. Participants were fifty-three intermediate level adult ESL students studying at a private ESL school in Canada. In order to explore the differential effects of explicit and implicit WCF on non-grammatical accuracy participants were randomly divided into four groups: direct, two indirect (underlining only and underlining+metalinguistic cues), and control group. Participants were asked to produce four pieces of narrative writing from four different picture prompts. They also had to revise those narratives over a three-week period. To find out the delayed effects of feedback on accuracy, all groups were asked to write a new narrative two weeks after the last WCF treatment. Findings demonstrated that both Direct and Underline only feedback groups made significant gains in non-grammatical accuracy in revision tasks. However, none of the feedback groups displayed any significant short-term and delayed non-grammatical accuracy improvements.
Characterizing Neighborhood Vulnerabilities in Mild Cognitive Impairment using the Environmental Justice Index
Authors: Adhikari Alisa , Nwosu Adaora , Qian Min , Hellegers Caroline , Devanand Davangere P. , Doraiswamy P. Murali
Published: May 2024

Background:

There is a need for integration and comprehensive characterization of environmental determinants of Alzheimer’s disease. The Environmental Justice Index (EJI) is a new measure that consolidates multiple environmental health hazards.

Objective:

This analysis aims to explore how environmental vulnerabilities vary by race/ethnicity and whether they predict cognitive outcomes in a clinical trial of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods:

We used data from a clinical trial of 107 MCI participants (28% minorities). Using the EJI, we extracted 40 measures of neighborhood environmental and social vulnerability including air and water pollution, access to recreational spaces, exposure to coal and lead mines, and area poverty. We also examined the relationship of the EJI to the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Data was analyzed using regressions, correlations, and t-tests.

Results:

Environmental Burden Rank (EBR) across the sample (0.53±0.32) was near the 50th percentile nationally. When divided by race/ethnicity, environmental ( p = 0.025) and social ( p < 0.0001) vulnerabilities were significantly elevated for minorities, specifically for exposure to ozone, diesel particulate matter, carcinogenic air toxins, and proximity to treatment storage and disposal sites. ADI state decile was not correlated with the EBR. Neither EBR nor ADI were a significant predictor of cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

To our knowledge, this is the first study to link the EJI to an MCI trial. Despite limitations of a relatively small sample size, the study illustrates the potential of the EJI to provide deeper phenotyping of the exposome and diversity in clinical trial subjects.
Prediction of thrust bearing’s performance in Mixed Lubrication regime
Authors: Katsaros Konstantinos P. , Nikolakopoulos Pantelis G.
Published: May 2024

A hydrodynamic thrust bearing could be forced to operate in mixed lubrication regime under various circumstances. At this state, the tribological characteristics of the bearing could be affected significantly and the developed phenomena would have a severe impact on the performance of the mechanism. Until recently, researchers were modeling the hydrodynamic lubrication problem of the thrust bearings either with analytical or with numerical solutions. The analytical solutions are very simple and do not provide enough accuracy in describing the actual problem. To add to that, following only computational methodologies, can lead to time consuming and complex algorithms that need to be repeated every time the operating conditions change, in order to draw safe conclusions. Recent technological advances, especially on the field of computer science, have provided tools that enhance and accelerate the modeling of thrust bearings’ operation. The aim of this study is to examine the application of Artificial Neural Networks as Machine Learning models, that are trained to predict the coefficient of friction for lubricated pad thrust bearings in mixed lubrication regime. The hydrodynamic analysis of the thrust bearing is performed by solving the Average 2-D Reynolds equation numerically. In order to describe the roughness of the profiles, both the flow factors suggested by N. Patir and H.S. Cheng (1978) and the model of J.A. Greenwood and J. H. Tripp (1970) are taken into consideration. Three lubricants, the SAE 0W30, the SAE 10W40 and the SAE 10W60, are tested and compared for a variety of operating velocities and applied coatings. The numerical analysis results are used as training datasets for the machine learning algorithms. Four different ML methods are applied in this investigation: Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), Multi- Variable Quadratic Polynomial Regression, Quadratic SVM and Regression Trees. The coefficient of determination, R2 is calculated and used to determine the most accurate ML method for the current study. The results showed that ANNs provide very good accuracy in the prediction of friction coefficient compared to the rest of the ML models discussed.
Application of high performance computing based on big data in architectural interior design
Authors: Li Yujie
Published: May 2024

In response to the problems of insufficient data management and low construction quality in architectural interior design, high-performance computing technology was proposed to be applied to optimize the overall effect of architectural interior design. This article proposed some solutions to the problems in interior design of buildings, and applied high-performance computing technology to building design materials, building operation data processing, etc. Furthermore, combined with multi-objective genetic algorithm, relevant experimental tests were conducted on the optimization of interior space environment design in buildings. The experimental results showed that under the algorithm proposed in this paper, the average health standard compliance of each scheme reached 92.17%, and the average emotional requirement satisfaction reached 88.42%. The average interface detail attention reaches 84.65%, and the average environmental comfort reaches 92.87%. Under the genetic algorithm, the average compliance of health standards for each scheme was 88.14%, and the average satisfaction of emotional needs was 84.17%. The average attention to interface details was 81.18%, and the average environmental comfort was 90.30%. From the above data, it can be seen that the algorithm proposed in this paper can achieve good optimization results in the design of indoor space environment in buildings.
Emotional expression in mathematics e-learning using emojis: A gender-based analysis
Authors: Zarkadoulas Dimitrios , Virvou Maria
Published: May 2024

Emotional feeling is a phase of neurobiological activity that plays an important role in cognitive thinking and learning, although largely overlooked in complex tutoring fields like Mathematics. This paper introduces an innovative e-learning Mathematics course integrating emojis as a feedback mechanism to express students’ emotional responses towards mathematical challenges. By providing a platform for intuitive emotional expression, this approach aims to strengthen engagement and comprehension. Through empirical investigation, emotional reactions of online mathematics students are explored, with attention to gender-related differences in emoji usage. A survey administered to 100 students prompts them to select emojis conveying their sentiments towards mathematical problems. Statistical analyses reveal that emojis effectively capture students’ emotions, with an emphasis on gender-based variations in selection. These insights illuminate the dynamics of emotional expression and hold implications for fostering comprehensive learning environments that mitigate negative emotions such as mathematical anxiety. By empowering educators to monitor students’ emotional reactions and adapt teaching strategies accordingly, this approach has the potential to cultivate confident and proficient learners essential for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) advancement.
A Paradigm Shift on Deinstitutionalization and Dementia Care: A Narrative Review
Authors: Carcavilla-González Nuria , Escalada San Adrián Gema , Minobes-Molina Eduard , Pàmies-Tejedor Sandra , Roncal-Belzunce Victoria , Atarés-Rodríguez Laura , García-Navarro José Augusto
Published: May 2024

This narrative explores the impact of deinstitutionalization policies on the quality of life and care outcomes for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. We offer a historical perspective on these policies, their implications on dementia care, and the barriers to deinstitutionalization. The potential benefits of deinstitutionalization, such as improved quality of life and access to community-based support and services, are highlighted. Challenges and controversies surrounding safety, caregiver burden, and resource allocation are also examined. Ethical considerations related to the autonomy and decision-making capacity of people living with dementia are discussed. We present best practices and innovative models in dementia care that balance deinstitutionalization with appropriate care. We further put forth recommendations for future research and policy development in dementia care and deinstitutionalization, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that respects the autonomy and preferences of people living with dementia while ensuring their safety and well-being.
Periodontal medicine: The bidirectional relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal health
Authors: Sachdeva Shivani , Saluja Harish , Mahajani Monica J. , Tripathi Vandana , Deo Aparna , Mani Amit
Published: May 2024

Bone resorption is a feature of both osteoporosis and periodontitis. While, periodontitis causes localized inflammatory bone loss after an infected breach of the alveolar cortical bone and may cause tooth loss, osteoporosis causes systemic degenerative bone loss that results in loss of skeletal cancellous microstructure and eventual fracture. The majority of cross-sectional investigations have predominantly used radiographic data and to a lesser extent clinical criteria to confirm the link between osteoporosis and periodontitis. Age, heredity, hormonal changes, smoking, and a lack of calcium and vitamin D are just a few of the many common risk factors. Both disorders may have mutual effects and may even be risk factors for one another, necessitating concurrent therapy. Disruption of the homeostasis of bone remodelling, hormone balance, and inflammation resolution are proposed processes underpinning the relationship. Emerging is a mutual interventional strategy with intricate therapeutic interactions. Both disorders urge future well-controlled longitudinal and interventional studies for evidence-based clinical guidelines and call for interdisciplinary approaches to prevention and care.
Methodological Quality of Clinical Trials in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pupillo Elisabetta , Al-Chalabi Ammar , Sassi Serena , Arippol Emilio , Tinti Lorenzo , Vitelli Eugenio , Copetti Massimiliano , Leone Maurizio A. , Bianchi Elisa
Published: May 2024

Background:

More than 200 clinical trials have been performed worldwide in ALS so far, but no agents with substantial efficacy on disease progression have been found.

Objective:

To describe the methodological quality of all clinical trials performed in ALS and published before December 31, 2022.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses.

Results:

213 trials were included. 47.4% manuscripts described preclinical study evaluation, with a positive effect in all. 67.6% of trials were conducted with a parallel-arm design, while 12.7% were cross-over studies; 77% were randomized, while in 5.6% historical-controls were used for comparison. 70% of trials were double blind. Participant inclusion allowed forced vital capacity (or corresponding slow vital capacity)<50% in 15% cases, between 55–65% in 21.6%, between 70–80% in 14.1% reports, and 49.3% of the evaluated manuscripts did not provide a minimum value for respiratory capacity at inclusion. Disease duration was < 6-months in 6 studies, 7–36 months in 68, 37–60 months in 24, 8 trials requested more than 1-month of disease duration, while in 107 reports a disease duration was not described. Dropout rate was ≥20% in 30.5% trials, while it was not reported for 8.5%.

Conclusion:

The methodological quality of the included studies was highly variable. Major issues to be addressed in future ALS clinical trials include: the requirement for standard animal toxicology and phase I studies, the resource-intensive nature of phase II-III studies, adequate study methodology and design, a good results reporting.
Advice to People with Parkinson’s in My Clinic: Cannabis
Authors: de Freitas Maria Eliza Thomaz , Fox Susan Helen
Published: May 2024

Cannabis (in all the varied methods of delivery) continues to garner significant attention as a potential therapeutic intervention for neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). The recent legalization of personal use of cannabis products in some parts of the world has increased this interest and with it, potential availability to many more people. However, such access has led to more questions than answers for both patients and health care professionals. These include what symptom(s) of PD will cannabis products treat; what dose; what type of cannabis product to use and what are the side effects?
Neonatal COVID-19 treatment: Are there new chances?
Authors: Elfarargy M.S. , Alruwaili T.A. , Ahmad A.R. , Elbadry D.H.
Published: May 2024

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is considered an infectious disease which is caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Neonatal COVID-19 had been occurred in many countries which would indicate the need of effective and safe treatment for these vulnerable group. In this study, we showed symptoms of corona virus in neonates, investigation of coronavirus in neonates and radiological features of neonatal COVID-19. In addition, we discussed management of neonates with COVI-19, antiviral treatment, monoclonal antibodies administration, immunomodulatory therapy, antibiotics, vitamins, and minerals in the treatment of neonatal COVID-19, and also telemedicine in neonatal COVID-19 and feeding the newborn of COVID-19 mother. We also discussed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates (MIS-N), management of affected COVID-19 neonates and discussion of the complication of the neonatal COVID-19. We further discussed the methods of dealing with COVID-19 neonates and the research done on the neonatal COVID-19 treatment.
Selective editing for asymmetry analysis in intra-EU trade Micro-Data Exchange (MDE)
Authors: Bruno Mauro , Causo Maria Serena , Massacci Giulio , Ortame Francesco , Ruocco Giuseppina , Toti Simona
Published: May 2024

Since January 2022, the Regulation on European Business Statistics (EU 2019/2152) requires EU Member States to compulsorily share microdata on intra-EU exports. Establishing intra-EU export Micro-Data Exchange (MDE) provides National Statistical Institutes with a new data source to compile intra-EU import statistics. The availability of MDE tackles two key challenges: diminishing the overall response burden on data providers and meeting user expectations regarding the quality of the produced statistics. However, transitioning to a data production system based on MDE data requires the assessment of the coherence and comparability between MDE and National import data.

 To identify asymmetries between the two data sources, Istat developed an innovative application designed to foster cooperation among Member States. The tool was developed using the Shiny package in R. The implemented solution allows users to perform exploratory analysis, systematic error detection, and selective editing. The most relevant asymmetries are identified through relative contribution and the asymmetry suspicion indices assessed by user-defined thresholds.

 Sharing the open tool within the European Statistical System enhances interoperability, promotes method harmonization, and encourages the adoption of official statistical standards.
Study on preparation technology of Qi Yu constitution Yangsheng granules
Authors: Zhong Fengxing , Yin Xiuping , Liu Xinxin , Zhang Qiming
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Understanding how pharmaceutical formulas target specific illnesses is crucial for developing effective treatments. Enriching ion channel data is a critical first step in comprehending a formula’s mechanism of action. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the effective disease spectrum of the Qi Yu granule formula through network pharmacology analysis and backtracking, and analyze its potential curative effects on liver and spleen system diseases, particularly depression and breast cancer. METHODS: Using pharmacological tools and database analysis, the ion channel data of the formula’s components were investigated. The effective disease spectrum was determined, and diseases related to liver and gallbladder, liver depression, and spleen deficiency were identified. Network pharmacology analysis was conducted to backtrack diseases, target gene proteins, and drug compositions. The extraction technology of volatile oil from medicinal herbs was experimentally studied to optimize the preparation process. RESULTS: The effective disease spectrum analysis identified potential curative effects of the Qi Yu granule formula on various diseases, including breast cancer. Backtracking revealed relationships between diseases, target gene proteins, and drug compositions. Experimental studies on volatile oil extraction provided insights into optimizing the preparation process. CONCLUSION: The study underscores the potential therapeutic benefits of the Qi Yu granule formula for liver and spleen system diseases. By integrating network pharmacology analysis and experimental research, this study offers valuable insights into the formulation and efficacy of the Qi Yu granules, paving the way for further exploration and optimization of TCM formulations.
Predicting drug-target interactions using matrix factorization with self-paced learning and dual similarity information
Authors: Ling Caijin , Zeng Ting , Dang Qi , Liang Yong , Liu Xiaoying , Xie Shengli
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Drug repositioning (DR) refers to a method used to find new targets for existing drugs. This method can effectively reduce the development cost of drugs, save time on drug development, and reduce the risks of drug design. The traditional experimental methods related to DR are time-consuming, expensive, and have a high failure rate. Several computational methods have been developed with the increase in data volume and computing power. In the last decade, matrix factorization (MF) methods have been widely used in DR issues. However, these methods still have some challenges. (1) The model easily falls into a bad local optimal solution due to the high noise and high missing rate in the data. (2) Single similarity information makes the learning power of the model insufficient in terms of identifying the potential associations accurately. OBJECTIVE: We proposed self-paced learning with dual similarity information and MF (SPLDMF), which introduced the self-paced learning method and more information related to drugs and targets into the model to improve prediction performance. METHODS: Combining self-paced learning first can effectively alleviate the model prone to fall into a bad local optimal solution because of the high noise and high data missing rate. Then, we incorporated more data into the model to improve the model’s capacity for learning. RESULTS: Our model achieved the best results on each dataset tested. For example, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the precision-recall curve of SPLDMF was 0.982 and 0.815, respectively, outperforming the state-of-the-art methods. CONCLUSION: The experimental results on five benchmark datasets and two extended datasets demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach in predicting drug-target interactions.
Evacuation safety effects of a lightweight elevator-type evacuation device using carbon material: Focus on plantar pressure and muscle strength
Authors: Yu Mi , Kang Young-Soek , Hong Hwa-Young , Hong Chul-Un , Kwon Tae-Kyu
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND: Elevator-type evacuation devices have proven to be feasible in high-rise buildings through studies on safety performance and evacuation time. However, there is a lack of research on safety using biosignal analysis in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE: A carbon material is used in this study to reduce the weight of an evacuation elevator. The impact on the human body is evaluated by conducting a satisfaction survey involving elderly and youth groups and quantitatively analyzing biological signals, including electromyography (EMG) and plantar pressure, during five repeated uses of the proposed device. METHODS: The study involves 12 healthy adults in their 20s and 20 elderly individuals with no experience in using an evacuation elevator. The EMG and left and right plantar pressures are analyzed to evaluate the physical factors affected by repeated use. RESULTS: The experiment results showed that the normalization of EMG to maximum voluntary contraction showed a significant decrease with repeated use, especially in the right tibialis anterior muscle. Moreover, plantar pressure shows a significant difference, which decreased with repetition, and the left and right balance gradually tilted to the left. CONCLUSION: This suggests that with more repeated use, muscle tension decreases owing to adaptation, resulting in lower muscle activity and plantar pressure. Particularly, the tibialis anterior muscle experiences significant muscle activity, indicating increased load, but without any apparent danger. In the future, it will be necessary to evaluate elevators for disabled individuals.