bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions of the Use of ChatGPT in Practical Gardening Training
Authors: Kwack Hye Ran , Im Eun Ae
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the empirical tendency of pre-service teachers to use ChatGPT for practical gardening training and the impact of using ChatGPT characteristics on problem solving ability, and to draw implications. For the study, we investigated the general trend of horticultural practice (practical gardening classes), the trend of horticultural practice using ChatGPT, and the problem-solving ability after practical gardening training.Methods: In this study, problem solving skills were categorized into knowledge, skills and attitudes and correlated with ChatGPT, and the effects of ChatGPT characteristics on immediacy, continuity of questions, adjustability of the level of responses, suitability of media to the current generation, advantages of the lack of necessity to ask directly, advantages of conversational knowledge, expertise, applicability of educational utilization, and diversity of range of questions were analyzed.Results: The results showed that pre-service teachers found ChatGPT to be very useful in teaching horticultural practice, with a high preference for customized lessons and discovery of different teaching materials. In particular, we examined the problem solving skills of the pre-service teachers in horticultural practice and found that they had difficulties when problems arose. We therefore organized them into knowledge, skills and attitudes to examine the correlation with ChatGPT characteristics. As a result, knowledge and skills in practical gardening training were positively correlated with ChatGPT characteristics, while attitudes and ChatGPT characteristics were negatively correlated in immediacy, continuity of questions, adjustability of the level of responses, and suitability of medium, and the others showed a relatively low correlation. The effects of knowledge, skills and attitudes on the use of ChatGPT by pre-service teachers' problem solving skills in practical gardening training were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The knowledge aspect of immediacy and continuity of questions had a significant effect. It can be seen that ChatGPT characteristics such as 'immediacy' and 'continuity of questions' had the greatest impact on the knowledge aspect of problem solving ability. Attitude aspect had a smaller effect. 'suitability of media to the current generation' had a significant effect on attitude, whereas 'expertise' had no significant effect. Applicability of educational utilization and diversity of range of questions had a significant effect on both knowledge and skills.Conclusion: Based on the findings in this study, we explored the possibility of using ChatGPT to educate pre-service teachers about horticultural practice and suggested implications for future related research.
An Analysis of Visual Preference and Characteristics through a Woodland Garden Perception Survey
Authors: Kim Jaehyun , Lee Moon Kyu , Park Ji Hoon , Lee Kyung Mee
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: Woodland gardens, or gardens designed to emulate the aesthetic and environmental characteristics of forest vegetation, can assist in resolving various environmental and societal problems. However, research regarding woodland gardens in a Korean context has been insufficient, as the concept has only recently been introduced to Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the Korean public's perceptions of two types of woodland gardens and to suggest future directions for the popularization of woodland gardens in Korea.Methods: This study was carried out based on a survey. The respondents were provided with a questionnaire on three sets of images representing two types of woodland garden (naturalistic and urban) and a typical formal garden. The questionnaire was designed based on the semantic differential method to gather information on the general public's recognition of the concept of woodland gardens, and their preference and perception of each type of garden. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 29.Results: The results suggest that the majority of the respondents were familiar with the term "woodland garden." Of the types of gardens, preference for naturalistic woodland gardens (NWGs) was the highest. Landscape adjectives associated with each type of garden were natural, harmonious, comfortable and simple for NWGs, and organized, artificial, simple, poor, and comfortable for urban woodland gardens (UWGs). A factor analysis on the adjectives identified four factors for each type. Of the identified factors, comfort and stability were found to have particularly greater effects on preference.Conclusion: Preference for NWGs was greater than UWGs, due to the perception that they provided greater comfort and stability. It is expected that designing woodland gardens based on the finding of this study would aid in the popularization of woodland gardens, and the advancement of garden culture in Korea.
Assessment of Adequate Volumetric Water Content for Managing Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam. in the Indoor Gardens
Authors: Park So Hyun , Park Hyo Geun , Kwon Hyuck-Hwan , Lee Kyung Mee
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: The present research study aimed to investigate the optimum substrate volumetric water content (VWC) needed for Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam. to maintain its performance in the indoor garden.Methods: The threshold levels of substrate VWC were evaluated as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 m3⋅m-3 using an automated irrigation system with capacitance soil moisture sensors and datalogger. Plant growth and physiological responses were measured and analyzed at 10 weeks after treatment. Plant growth was investigated by measuring survival rate, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root. Physiological responses were observed by analyzing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD) and antioxidants (MDA, proline), maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and total chlorophyll contents.Results: The results of drought tolerance measurement by the treatment group showed that the overall growth was the highest in the 0.3 and 0.4 m3⋅m-3 treatment plot and the lowest in the 0.1 m3⋅m-3 treatment plot. Under the droughtstressed condition of the 0.2 m3⋅m-3 treatment, growth was not as efficient as the 0.3 and 0.4 m3⋅m-3 treatments due to the relatively higher moisture content, but there was no statistical difference between the 0.3 and 0.4 m3⋅m-3 treatments in the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and also total chlorophyll content. Furthermore, for antioxidant activities, SOD, POD, and MDA showed high values, but no statistical differences were found among treatments except for the 0.1 m3⋅m-3 treatment, which was under severe drought stress in terms of proline.Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that Farfugium japonicum (L.) Kitam., has a tolerance to drought, and for managing indoor gardens the adequate soil moisture content for the growth is at least 0.2 m3⋅m-3 assuming the use of identical substrate in this experiment.
Identification of Ecological Characteristics of Vegetation Distributed in Mt. Chilbosan, Gyeonggi-do
Authors: Lee Soo-Dong , Oh Chung-Hyeon , Cho Bong-Gyo , Park Gyoung-Sik
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: Urban forests fulfill a range of functions, including promoting leisure activities and improving urban landscapes, but are different in structure from natural forests. In the case of forests near the Seoul metropolitan region, forests dominated by native tree species must be formed, but vegetation management that involves in minimal intervention is essential due to external disturbances, artificially planted species, and invasive species. This study was conducted to preferentially survey the vegetation status of Mt. Chilbosan, Gyeonggi-do with the goal of contributing to the sound use and management of the mountain.Methods: Eighty quadrats were established, and the species names and characteristics for each stratum were surveyed by dividing them into canopy, understory, and shrub layer. Based on the surveyed vegetation data, communities were classified through TWINSPAN or DCA analysis, and the characteristics of each community were examined.Results: The plant communities were classified into a total of 7 dominant groups: Quercus mongolica, Quercus mongolica-Pinus rigida, Pinus rigida-Pinus densiflora, Pinus rigida-Quercus spp., Castanea crenata-Quercus acutissima, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Pinus koraiensis. Communities dominated by Quercus mongolica and Pinus rigida had similar species and vegetation structures. Communities dominated by artificially planted tree species such as Castanea crenata, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Pinus koraiensis are distributed around the forest edges or frequently used hiking trails and are damaged by various disturbances. Overall, not only is it difficult for succession to proceed due to external influences and soil acidification, but because species with high adaptability to acidity are also expected to emerge, making long-term monitoring necessary.Conclusion: Mt. Chilbosan had a good environment, but it was disturbed by a low elevation, a drop in the groundwater level due to surrounding development, and an increase in visitors. To improve the current state, it is necessary to induce and manage the transition to native forests adapted to the urban environment by reflecting the vegetation structure's characteristics and changes.
Effect of Propagation Media and Plant Growth Regulators on Adventitious Rooting of Softwood Cuttings of Apocynum lancifolium Russanov
Authors: Seo Jeong Min , Shin Jung Won , Park Cho Rong , Kim Ye Eun , Lee Ji Won , Baek Saeng Geul , Kim Jung Min , Kim Jo Hoon , Ahn Chang Ho
Published: January 2024

Background and objective: Apocynum lancifolium Russanov is a perennial herb native to Korea and belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Herein, cutting mediums and plant growth regulators (PGRs) were examined to investigate the requirements for the cutting propagation of A. lancifolium.Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 6 weeks from May to June 2023. As types of cutting medium for propagation by cutting, Kanuma soil, commercial potting mixes, perlite, and peat moss were used, and the PGRs of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at varying concentrations (100, 500, and 1,000 mg⋅L-1) and a 1:1 (v/v) solution of Rootone (0.4% 1-naphthylacetamide) diluted in water were applied for this study. After six weeks, growth characteristics, including cutting survival rate, rooting rate, shoot height, the number of leaves, root length, the number of roots, dry weight of shoots, and dry weight of roots, were examined.Results: Among the different growing substrates used for experimentation, the cutting survival rate on Kanuma soil (81.7 ± 5.0%) was the highest, followed by commercial potting mixes (40.0 ± 7.2%) and perlite (66.7 ± 2.7%), while the lowest cutting survival rate was on peat moss (35.0 ± 6.3%). On treatment with Kanuma soil (81.7 ± 5.0%), the rooting rate was also significantly greater than that when treated with other substrates. In the PGR experiment, the cutting survival rate and rooting rate treated with Rootone (0.4% 1-naphthylacetamide) were significantly higher than those when treated with other substrates. Further, the number of roots increased with an increase in the IBA concentration. Based on the results, we recommend treating A. lancifolium cuttings with Rootone and Kanuma soil to ensure successful cutting propagation of A. lancifolium.Conclusion: This mass production system for A. lancifolium via cutting propagation shows promise in terms of scalability and could help with germplasm conservation efforts for A. lancifolium.
Description of two new Megistophylla Burmeister, 1855 species from China, with a redescription of M. andrewesi Moser, 1913 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)
Authors: WANG FA-LEI , LI YAN-LONG , GAO CHUAN-BU
Published: January 2024

This study presents descriptions and illustrations of two new melolonthine species: Megistophylla brevivirgata Wang & Gao, new species and M. keithi Wang & Gao, new species from Yunnan province in China. Additionally, a detailed redescription and illustration of the male of M. andrewesi Moser, 1913, and a description of its previously unknown female are provided. Finally, a key to identification of Megistophylla Burmeister, 1855 species from China is added.
On the presence of Ocnus planci Brandt, 1935 (Echinodermata: Dendrochirotida: Cucumariidae) in the Mostaganem region (Western Algerian coast)
Authors: MEZALI KARIM , ZERROUAL HANANE , LEBOUAZDA ZINEB , KHODJA IHCENE
Published: January 2024

In Algeria, few studies have been carried on the Holothuriodea especially the family Cucumariidae Ludwig, 1894. A specimen was caught as bycatch from a commercial benthic trawler on the Mostaganem coast (northwest of Algeria). Based on a detailed study of the morphological, anatomical and endoskeletal characters, this specimen is confirmed to be Ocnus planci (Brandt, 1835). We report it herein as the first observation from the Algerian west coast. This species has been recorded several times in the Mediterranean sea. It is characterised by a calcareous ring, whose radial plates are longer than the interradial plates, the presence of buttons and perforated button plates of different sizes in the body wall, as well as various shapes of rosettes, baskets and nodules with small perforations.
Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. from Shanxi Province, China (Coleoptera: Elmidae)
Authors: PENG YUN-FEI , BIAN DONG-JU , WANG JU-PING
Published: January 2024

Two new species, Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. and Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. are described from Shanxi Province, China. The genus Heterlimnius Hinton, 1935 and Zaitzevia Champion, 1923 are reported from Shanxi Province for the first time. Heterlimnius luyashanensis sp. n. belonging to the Heterlimnius trachys species group has the following characteristics: 1. anterior margin of pronotum strongly produced anteriad; 2. median longitudinal sulcus of pronotum extends from basal 0.3 to 0.8. Zaitzevia triangularis sp. n. has a larger body size and a triangular apex of penis.
Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on some Andes species (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) with two synonymies and one homonymy
Authors: HAAS MATTHÉ CORNELIS DE , CESNE MAXIME LE , BOURGOIN THIERRY
Published: January 2024

Two African Cixiidae species names, Andes goniodes and Andes synavei proposed by Emeljanov in 2001 to correct two homonymies published by Synave in 1953, are synonymized respectively with Andes muiri and Andes spinifer, which were already proposed as replacement names by Synave in 1970. Additionally, the name Andes synafenni is proposed as new for the Vietnamese species Andes truncatus Fennah, 1978 preoccupied by the African species Andes truncatus Synave, 1953.
Identification of Convective Boundary Layer Depth over the Great Lakes Region Using Aircraft Observations: A Comparison of Various Methods
Authors: Bhimireddy Sudheer R. , Kristovich David A. R.
Published: January 2024

This study evaluates the methods of identifying the height zi of the top of the convective boundary layer (CBL) during winter (December and January) over the Great Lakes and nearby land areas using observations taken by the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft during the Lake-Induced Convection Experiment (1997/98) and Ontario Winter Lake-effect Systems (2013/14) field campaigns. Since CBLs facilitate vertical mixing near the surface, the most direct measurement of zi is that above which the vertical velocity turbulent fluctuations are weak or absent. Thus, we use zi from the turbulence method as the “reference value” to which zi from other methods, based on bulk Richardson number (Rib), liquid water content, and vertical gradients of potential temperature, relative humidity, and water vapor mixing ratio, are compared. The potential temperature gradient method using a threshold value of 0.015 K m−1 for soundings over land and 0.011 K m−1 for soundings over lake provided the estimates of zi that are most consistent with the turbulence method. The Rib threshold-based method, commonly used in numerical simulation studies, underestimated zi. Analyzing the methods’ performance on the averaging window zavg we recommend using zavg = 20 or 50 m for zi estimations for lake-effect boundary layers. The present dataset consists of both cloudy and cloud-free boundary layers, some having decoupled boundary layers above the inversion top. Because cases of decoupled boundary layers appear to be formed by nearby synoptic storms, we recommend use of the more general term, elevated mixed layers.

Significance Statement

The depth zi of the convective atmospheric boundary layer (CBL) strongly influences precipitation rates during lake-effect snowstorms (LES). However, various zi approximation methods produce significantly different results. This study utilizes extensive concurrently collected observations by project aircraft during two LES field studies [Lake-Induced Convection Experiment (Lake-ICE) and OWLeS] to assess how zi from common estimation methods compare with “reference” zi derived from turbulent fluctuations, a direct measure of CBL mixing. For soundings taken both over land and lake; with cloudy or cloud-free conditions, potential temperature gradient (PTG) methods provided the best agreement with the reference zi. A method commonly employed in numerical simulations performed relatively poorly. Interestingly, the PTG method worked equally well for “coupled” and elevated decoupled CBLs, commonly associated with nearby cyclones.
Operational Aviation Icing Forecast Algorithm for the Korea Meteorological Administration
Authors: Kim Eun-Tae , Kim Jung-Hoon , Kim Soo-Hyun , Morcrette Cyril
Published: January 2024

In this study, we developed and evaluated the Korean Forecast Icing Potential (K-FIP), an in-flight icing forecast system for the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) based on the simplified forecast icing potential (SFIP) algorithm. The SFIP is an algorithm used to postprocess numerical weather prediction (NWP) model forecasts for predicting potential areas of icing based on the fuzzy logic formulations of four membership functions: temperature, relative humidity, vertical velocity, and cloud liquid water content. In this study, we optimized the original version of the SFIP for the global NWP model of the KMA through three important updates using 34 months of pilot reports for icing as follows: using total cloud condensates, reconstructing membership functions, and determining the best weight combination for input variables. The use of all cloud condensates and the reconstruction of these membership functions resulted in a significant improvement in the algorithm compared with the original. The weight combinations for the KMA’s global model were determined based on the performance scores. While several sets of weights performed equally well, this process identified the most effective weight combination for the KMA model, which is referred to as the K-FIP. The K-FIP demonstrated the ability to successfully predict icing over the Korean Peninsula using observations made by research aircraft from the National Institute of Meteorological Sciences of the KMA. Eventually, the K-FIP icing forecasts will provide better forecasts of icing potentials for safe and efficient aviation operations in South Korea.

Significance Statement

In-flight aircraft icing has posed a threat to safe flights for decades. With advances in computing resources and an improvement in the spatiotemporal resolutions of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, icing algorithms have been developed using NWP model outputs associated with supercooled liquid water. This study evaluated and optimized the simplified forecast icing potential, an NWP model–based icing algorithm, for the global model of the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) using a long-term observational dataset to improve its prediction skills. The improvements shown in this study and the SFIP implemented in the KMA will provide more informative predictions for safe and efficient air travel.
Meeting the Needs and Potentials of High-Ability, High-Performing, and Gifted Students via Differentiation
Authors: Nicholas Maria , Skourdoumbis Andrew , Bradbury Ondine
Published: January 2024

This systematic scoping review reports findings from 38 studies (2000–2022) that explored the approaches to differentiation that have been effectively used with high-ability students and the school-level supports that enabled their application. The review advances our understanding of current approaches and highlights future considerations for school-based pedagogies that aim for an inclusive education for all, including shared understandings of what effectiveness means and looks like in practice and how it can be determined or measured. The review identified 15 effective teaching approaches used with high-ability learners, showing that teachers draw upon an array of approaches when differentiating for high-ability students in both primary and secondary settings and across disciplines. However, the limited number of studies and predominance of data from one country suggest the need for further research across a broader range of contexts, including the important role of school leadership in supporting differentiated teacher practice. This need is made more pressing in contexts where differentiation continues to be primarily focused upon students working below expected level rather than including the highly able, and where the practice of differentiation continues to be misunderstood.
Deconstructing the urban viewpoint: Exploring uneven regional development with Nancy Fraser’s notion of justice
Authors: Grange Kristina , Björling Nils , Olsson Lina , Fredriksson Julia
Published: January 2024

Uneven regional development fomented by city-centric growth agendas generates significant challenges for regional peripheries. Placing regional margins and other plural geographies at the centre, in this article we apply a normative framework based on justice theory to uncover the dominance of urban viewpoints in urban regional development policy. Departing from Nancy Fraser’s three-dimensional justice theory, we provide a deconstruction of city-centrism by illustrating how regional disparities in two regions in Sweden are not only reproduced by economic maldistribution but also by political misrepresentation and cultural misrecognition. By doing so, we illustrate the fruitfulness of applying a normative justice framework to create a broader understanding of factors that contribute to the political production of uneven regional development and need to be addressed if a transformative and progressive change is to occur.
Acute kidney injury in the tropics
Authors: Xavier Asha Maria , Kumar AG Sravan
Published: January 2024

Acute kidney injury in the Tropics is strikingly different from that in developed countries in terms of aetiology and presentation. Moreover, there are radical differences between the developed world and the economically poorer regions within the tropics. Infections are the number one cause leading to significant mortality. This article reviews the most common causes of acute kidney injury in the Tropics and describes its management briefly.
Employee beliefs about the consequences of a union default: Implications for support and intention to remain in union membership
Authors: Harcourt Mark , Gall Gregor , Wilson Margaret
Published: January 2024

Union decline and the ‘representation gap’ are two commonly recognised and interrelated phenomena. Numerous proposals have been made to solve this double-sided problem. One of the most radical is to conceive of a union default, where the default position is union membership. This article seeks to understand how employee beliefs about the consequences of union membership, both positive and negative, would influence whether (i) workers would support or oppose a union default, and (ii) workers would maintain membership once defaulted into it given the availability of an opt-out. The findings show that workers’ beliefs about the consequences of a union default have a major impact on whether they support or oppose a default and would stay in membership or opt out. The article draws out the implications for public policy makers seeking to introduce a union default.
Police Interactions With the Deaf and Hard of Hearing Community: Abuse, Audism, and Accessibility
Authors: Chambers Guinevere
Published: January 2024

Police brutality is a salient issue in recent years, especially in the United States. Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), as well as disabled people, experience higher rates of police violence than white and nondisabled individuals, and it is important to recognize and scrutinize this pattern of injustice. This project investigated police interactions with members of the D/deaf and Hard of Hearing (Deaf/HH) community, and analyzed the intersection of race and disability in the context of policing. Four Deaf/HH individuals were surveyed, and twenty anecdotal accounts from social media were analyzed. Research findings indicate that the Deaf/HH community faces unique challenges when interacting with police. These include difficulties communicating hearing status, misinterpretation of Deaf/HH communication methods, the formulation of strategies for safely navigating police encounters, the intersection of race and disability, and accessibility concerns. The consequences of these issues can be dire, often deadly, and thus potential solutions are discussed to help mitigate future harm.
The inhibition of musicality: Perspectives of piano teachers in Malaysia and Singapore
Authors: Ang Kathryn , Khoo Hui Ling , Odendaal Albi
Published: January 2024

In South East Asia, a nexus of social conditions influences private music education, creating situations where students’ musical development could be neglected or actively impaired. Such musical inhibition has not been widely researched nor well understood. This basic qualitative research study aims to explore how twelve private studio teachers in Singapore and the Klang Valley of West Malaysia understand the inhibition of musicality in their students. We made use of four factional stories in semi-structured interviews with purposefully sampled piano teachers. The factional stories described sources of inhibition, including parental disinterest, abusive teaching, student personality, and parental pressure. The interviews elicited stories from the participants that contradicted or confirmed elements of the factional stories. Our analysis identified some of the symptoms of musical inhibition: trauma, loss of interest, and loss of confidence. We also identified some causes of musical inhibition, including parental pressure, misuse of examinations, and teaching that is militaristic, threatening, abusive or fierce. Understanding the inhibition process allows teachers to be trained in recognising and circumventing inhibition processes, thereby contributing to the flourishing of the student in question.
Design, implementation, and experimental validation of a new low-cost sensorless wind turbine emulator: Applications for small-scale turbines
Authors: Alnami Hashim , Ardjoun Sid Ahmed El Mehdi , Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally
Published: January 2024

Research and investigation into renewable energy sources is being sparked by the rapidly rising need for electricity, higher costs of fossil fuels, and increasing worries about the environment. Recent years have seen a tremendous increase in the use of wind energy (WE). In-depth study has been done to effectively produce power from WE. Nevertheless, it is exceedingly challenging and dangerous to set up wind turbines (WTs) for research and teaching uses due to constraints like space and upkeep. Numerous benefits come with a lab-scale WT emulator (WTE), such as freedom from space restrictions, an improved level of control, and independence from existing weather conditions. The design and execution of a low-power, lab-scale WTE are the focus of this study. The investigated experimental configuration is intended to precisely mimic the mechanical behavior of a real WT. Aerodynamics, blades, slow shafts, gearboxes, and controller elements, for example, are modeled in MATLAB/Simulink before they are assembled and implemented on a dSPACE 1104 board. A DC motor running under buck converter control is used to substitute the quick shaft. The WTE’s functionality is evaluated in various wind speed conditions. The findings of comparing the WTE’s dynamics with those offered by the manufacturer amply show the efficacy of the proposed WTE and its capacity to take the position of an actual WT. This paper will be a useful resource for investigators in helping them select the best WTE approach for their purposes.
Jumping Asymmetries and Risk of Injuries in Preprofessional Ballet
Authors: MacSweeney Niall D.H. , Shaw Joseph W. , Simkin George P. , Pedlar Charles R. , Price Phil D.B. , Mahaffey Ryan , Cohen Daniel D.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Preprofessional ballet dancers are exposed to the risk of injuries, primarily in the lower extremities, with most injuries occurring during jumping and landing activities. Interlimb asymmetry during jumping and landing activities has been associated with the injury risk in adolescent athletes, but this has not been examined in dancers.

Purpose:

To investigate associations between interlimb asymmetry during a double-leg countermovement jump (DL-CMJ) and single-leg jump (SLJ) and the injury risk in adolescent preprofessional ballet dancers.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

Adolescent preprofessional ballet dancers (N = 255) performed 3 DL-CMJs and 3 SLJs on force plates during annual screening. Absolute and directional (separate values for left and right limb dominance) asymmetries in a set of kinetic variables during a DL-CMJ and in jump height during an SLJ were calculated. Each variable was characterized as having “high” or “normal” asymmetry according to the percentage of asymmetry (greater than or less than or equal to, respectively, the mean ± 0.5 SD) based on the present sample. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were calculated based on the injury incidence in the subsequent academic year.

Results:

Of the 242 dancers that satisfied the inclusion criteria, 128 injuries were observed in the subsequent academic year. In the whole sample, 3 absolute, 7 left limb–dominant, and 1 right limb–dominant kinetic asymmetry in the eccentric, concentric, and landing phases of the DL-CMJ as well as left limb–dominant jump height asymmetry in the SLJ were associated with a significant ( P < .001) increase in the injury risk (RR, 1.28-1.69 [95% CI, 1.02-2.37]). Separating by sex, asymmetries in the eccentric and landing phase of the DL-CMJ were not significant in boys, while in girls, RRs for asymmetries in the eccentric and landing phase of the DL-CMJ increased, and SLJ jump height asymmetry was not significant.

Conclusion:

Higher asymmetries in certain kinetic variables during the DL-CMJ and in jump height during the SLJ were associated with an elevated risk of injuries in elite preprofessional ballet dancers with some sex-specific differences. Associations were mainly identified for high left limb–dominant asymmetry in the takeoff phase, suggesting that the injury risk may be specific to a relative right limb deficit.
The correlation between academic stress, overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) and quality of life among healthy university students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abushamma Faris , Abu Alwafa Rola , Shbaita Sara , Aghbar Amir , Zyoud Sa’ed H , Hashim Hashim
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

This study aims to assess the presence of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB), academic stress, and their impact on quality of life (QoL) of healthy university students.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study recruited university students from different academic streams, between January 2021 to December 2021. Demographics, overactive bladder-validated 8 questionnaire (OAB-V8), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Overactive Bladder Module (ICIQ-OAB) questionnaire, and Perception of Academic Stress (PAS) scale were collected. The correlation between the variables was assessed using the Social Sciences Statistical Package (SPSS) version 21.

Results:

Three hundred and 89 people met the inclusion criteria. There were 241 (62%) females, and 248 (63.8%) of the students were under the age of 22. Four academic streams were included: Engineering 96 (24.7%), Humanities 121 (31.1%), Medicine 85 (21.8%) and Nursing 87 (22.4%). OAB was found among 103 (26%) students. The mean OAB-V8 score was 5.8 ± 6.6. The mean PAS scale was 53.9 ± 9.4. The mean ICIQ-OAB score was 1.5 (0–9). Male gender 62 (60%), smoking 42 (40.8%), academic stream (Humanity 40 (38.8%)) and year (third and fourth-year students 34 (33%) and 33 (32%), respectively) have a statistically significant positive correlation with OAB ( p < 0.001). Humanity stream (mean rank 169.2) and junior students (first and second years with mean rank of 174 and 177), respectively, had high level of academic stress and low PAS scale. There is a weak but statistically significant inverse correlation between OAB and the PAS scale ( r = −0.211) ( p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

OAB is prevalent among healthy university students and is directly related to academic stress. Both OAB and academic stress have impact on quality of life. We hope this study will help to raise awareness of OAB among university students to early identify and treat such a condition, avoiding unnecessary bother among healthy university students.
Academics in the semi-periphery: Translation and linguistic strategies on the rocky road to publishing in English
Authors: Cussel Mattea , Raigal Aran Judith , Barranco Oriol
Published: January 2024

Publishing in English is now essential for securing tenure and promotion in the social sciences and humanities in Spain, as academic performance is largely evaluated by number of publications in journals indexed in Journal Citation Reports (JCR) or Scimago Journal Rank (SJR). This relatively new situation has forced academics with varying levels of English to dedicate significant time, effort, and money to obtaining publishable texts. This article investigates academic translation in terms of widespread and invisible translation and editing practices into English, providing a different perspective from previous studies of the transnational circulation of knowledge. Based on semi-structured interviews with scholars from sociology and translation studies, it reflects on their strategies, choices, and preferences for how their texts should be translated or edited, as well as the relationships and routines they develop with their trusted language professionals. All the interviewees expressed a preference for assimilatory strategies or, in other words, the assimilation of their texts into standard or ‘native’ academic English, which should be seen as a means to covet the prestige unfairly reserved for Anglophone scholars. One of the key contributions of this article is to move beyond the popular notion of epistemicide, exploring through empirical detail the linguistic, methodological, and structural issues that these semi-peripheral academics highlight in relation to publishing in the lingua franca for global academia.
Navigating Life Challenges Through Play
Authors: Kang Shimi , Hundal Jasbir
Published: January 2024

In today’s ever-changing world, adaptability is a key skill that is required to successfully navigate life’s challenges. Through play individuals can build their innovation and adaptability skills. Additionally, through play we are able to collaborate with others and this builds connection amongst groups. And lastly, through practices such as gratitude we can increase our resilience skills when faced with life stressors.
Path tracking fault-tolerant control of intelligent distributed drive electric vehicle based on sliding mode observer
Authors: Zhao Linfeng , Wang Ruiteng , Fang Ting , Liu Shengshan , Hu Kaiqi , Hu Jinfang , Zhang Dingzhi
Published: January 2024

In this paper, an intelligent distributed drive electric vehicle is used as the research object. The research aims to solve the problem of path-tracking control of intelligent vehicles when the single-side in-wheel motor of the front axle fails. A fault-tolerant control method based on sliding mode observer is proposed. Firstly, an overall vehicle dynamics model considering the failure factor is established, and the failure of the in-wheel motor is monitored by the sliding mode observer. Torque coordination compensation control is activated according to the observed failure. The control system mainly consists of two parts: the torque-coordinated lateral stability controller and the prediction fault tolerant deviation compensation controller. The torque-coordinated lateral stability controller controls the torque of the other wheels to balance the front wheel torque, and the prediction tolerant deviation compensation controller uses Model Predictive Control (MPC) to control the front wheel angle and rear wheel torque of the vehicle to reduce the lateral deviation. Finally, under double-lane change conditions, dynamics simulations and hardware-in-loop experiments are performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Development of a hybrid intelligent switching hydraulically interconnected suspension system under a multi-objective optimized mode selection strategy with real-world condition
Authors: Damavandi Arash Darvish , Mashadi Behrooz , Masih-Tehrani Masoud
Published: January 2024

Reduction in vertical acceleration is crucial for car manufacturers. This parameter evaluates the comfort index. Moreover, the handling index is another feature that must be under investigation. The suspension system has an essential impact on these two indices. A hybrid intelligent switching hydraulically interconnected suspension (HISHIS) is proposed. The parallel configuration is combined with the diagonal configuration in the suspension system. A mode selection strategy is discussed to select the layout between diagonal and parallel configurations. The only mode of parallel configuration is called Anti-pitch configuration. The diagonal configuration has three modes, including Anti-roll, Anti-oversteering, and Anti-vibration configuration. According to the mode selection strategy, one of these three diagonal configuration modes might be selected. The origin of roll and pitch generation is inertia force and road inputs. Hopfield neural network can recognize the origin of roll and pitch generation. Therefore, the performance of valves will change according to Hopfield neural network recognition. The results of different maneuvers show the improvement at each targeted parameter in various tasks independently. The data logger gathered the acceleration of the vehicle in real-world conditions. However, the margins of the selection strategy block are multi-objective optimized with a genetic algorithm to reach better responses in real-world conditions. The roll angle, yaw rate, allowable exposure time, and pitch angle are improved by 63%, 5%, 40%, and 99% on average. Also, optimizing the selection strategy improves the allowable exposure time by 9%. Obviously, by combining two layouts, it is possible to have a flexible situation to improve ride comfort and handling situations. In addition, there is a conditional strategy to select different layouts and modes to reach a better response.
The (Un)ideal Physicist: How Humans Rely on Object Interaction for Friction Estimates
Authors: Karimpur Harun , Wolf Christian , Fiehler Katja
Published: January 2024

To estimate object properties such as mass or friction, our brain relies on visual information to efficiently compute approximations. The role of sensorimotor feedback, however, is not well understood. Here we tested healthy adults ( N = 79) in an inclined-plane problem, that is, how much a plane can be tilted before an object starts to slide, and contrasted the interaction group with observation groups who accessed involved forces by watching objects being manipulated. We created objects of different masses and levels of friction and asked participants to estimate the critical tilt angle after pushing an object, lifting it, or both. Estimates correlated with applied forces and were biased toward object mass, with higher estimates for heavier objects. Our findings highlight that inferences about physical object properties are tightly linked to the human sensorimotor system and that humans integrate sensorimotor information even at the risk of nonveridical perceptual estimates.
Risk Factors of Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in China: A Longitudinal Analysis of the China Health and Nutrition Survey Cohort
Authors: Ding Yihong , Zhou Yifan , Han Hui , Chen Chen , Tarasenko Yelena
Published: January 2024

The burden of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has increased rapidly in China. Using the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data, we assessed the risk factors of premature ASCVD (age of diagnosis: <55 years for men and <65 years for women). Propensity score matching was used to reduce selection bias. Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards analyses indicated that factors associated with increased risk of premature ASCVD included hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [HRadj.] = 1.68), obesity (HRadj. = 1.64), and high carbohydrate intake (HRadj. = 1.46). Conversely, participants with medical insurance (HRadj. = 0.42), high urbanization index (HRadj. = 0.53), and high household income (HRadj. = 0.48) had lower risk of premature ASCVD. When comparing premature vs non-premature ASCVD participants, those who were obese (HRadj. = 2.08) or living in more urbanized areas had higher hazards of early onset (HRadj. = 2.29).
Through the Eyes of a Young Carer: A Photo Elicitation Study of Protective Resilience
Authors: Hawken Tamsyn , Barnett Julie , Gamble-Turner Julie M.
Published: January 2024

Caregiving is recognised as a source of stress with potential for negative health impacts as well as positive outcomes and development of resilience. For young carers, children, and adolescents providing care for close family members, adaptation through resilience is crucial, yet work using a resilience approach is limited. This study explored protective factors and pathways to resilience in a sample of young carers, through application of the socioecological model in caring relationships. An in-depth qualitative approach was used, with in-person interviews facilitated by auto-driven photo elicitation. Deductive thematic analysis was applied, framed by three levels (individual, community, and society) of the socioecological model of resilience. Twelve participants (nine girls and three boys) aged 5–18 years, each providing care to a family member, were recruited using opportunity and volunteer sampling via carers’ centres in the southwest of England. Ten key themes were identified, four at the individual level: pre-empting challenges and planning, cognitive strategies, emotional strategies, and seeking solitude; three at the community level: family support, friendships, and pets and inanimate objects; and three at the society level: professional support, access to caregiver activities and community, and being outdoors. The location of themes at each level indicated relevance of the socioecological model to identification of protective factors in a young carer population. These findings have important applications for guidance to charities and organisations supporting young carers. Identification of factors that promote resilience offers support for the development of well-informed interventions, which harness these protective factors to develop resilience and improve health for young carers.
Routinising Police-Security Collaborations: A Prospective, Mixed-Methods Experiment in British Train Stations
Authors: Ariel Barak , Gregory Allan , Cronin Luke , Ebbs Benjamin , Wiffin Melanie , Michel Nicholas
Published: January 2024

Interagency cooperation may increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness in an era of resource austerity and increased workload for both the police and their partners. Yet the effect of a strategic police-security collaboration on routine operations across multiple sites is unknown. In a controlled experiment, we introduced an interagency collaboration between state and non-state guardianships to train stations across England. A mixed-methods approach, with multiple crime indicators and a survey administered with police officers and security partners, was applied through a series of before-and-after comparisons with staggered start dates to control for confounding variables. Crime recording, police proactivity and crisis intervention increased compared to controls. Security staff and officers valued collaboration and saw it as beneficial and efficient. The findings support police-private-security collaboration on crime and disorder, but more research with larger and more diverse samples and stricter control over rival explanations is needed.
Structured shadowing as a pedagogy
Authors: Nicolini Davide , Korica Maja
Published: January 2024

In this article, we introduce and discuss the potential benefits of structured shadowing, a distinct pedagogy in which the action-proximity of traditional unstructured job shadowing is supplemented by carefully designed pre-, intra- and post-shadowing pedagogical support. We suggest that structured shadowing is a promising yet under-utilized and overlooked pedagogy to enrich management learning and education. Drawing on an interview-based evaluation study of several cohorts of final-year undergraduates in a UK business school, we find that structured shadowing helps students to establish meaningful connections between theory and managerial practices, better appreciate management’s complexities and dispel existing myths and preconceptions. It also allows them to reflect on the types of managers they imagine or aspire to be and helps to model management as a reflective activity. Based on our teaching experience and our results, we argue that structured shadowing offers valuable lessons for our field. It helps to address the challenges of substance, contextual understanding and reflection, which we identify as central to current management education debates. We also acknowledge that while structured shadowing is a powerful resource, it demands significant investment and potential trade-offs, and may reflect certain professional privileges.