bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
War as a pretext to wave the rule of law goodbye? The case for an EU constitutional awakening
Authors: Bárd Petra , Kochenov Dimitry V.
Published: June 2022

The war in Ukraine triggered significant changes at the European Union level. The speed at which the EU has achieved progress on sanctions, migration and defense is particularly impressive. But the Russian aggression against Ukraine has also served as a pretext for putting aside internal discussions about the rule of law, and provided additional political rationales for inaction against Member State governments responsible for the violation of European values, as well as triggered the deepening of double standards in several fields. Against this background, the paper argues that using this crisis as a justification for further inaction in the context of EU values is not a sustainable course of action. The Union must not delay further the need to act to halt the insidious erosion of democracy and the rule of law within its own borders both at the national and supranational level.
Effect of the sequence of pull of bone marrow aspirates on plasma cell quantification in plasma cell proliferative disorders
Authors: Jain Garima , Das Nupur , Gajendra Smeeta , Gangwar Satya Prakash , Gupta Ritu , Mallik Saumyaranjan , Sharma Atul , Kumar Lalit , Upadhyay Ashish Datt
Published: June 2022

Introduction

The evaluation of plasma cell (PC) compartment is influenced by the quality of bone marrow aspirate (BMA). Herein, we evaluated the impact of sequence of pull on quality of clinical assessment in plasma cell proliferative disorders (PCPDs).

Methods

Histomorphology along with smears from first pull and second pull BMA and flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCMI) data from second pull aspirate were evaluated for cellularity and PC%.

Results

Of the 484 samples, BMA smears were adequate in 87.4% of first pull (median PC = 7%; IQR = 2–25%) and 51.2% of second pull samples (median PC = 2%; IQR = 0.5–12%; p < 0.001). Recovery of PC was least on FCMI (median PC = 0.59%; IQR = 0.14–3.07%), however, sample adequacy was met in 42.6% of samples with acquisition of ≥3 million events. Second pull smears under‐reported PC% in 34% of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) (<10% PC) and 46% of MM on therapy (<5% PC), resulting in suboptimal assessment. Bone marrow biopsy (BMBx) was evaluated in a total of 309 cases (median PC = 10.0%; IQR 4.0–40.0%) with significantly higher numbers of BMPC% on BMBx compared with first pull smears (Mean ± 2SD: 25.9% ± 30.54 vs. 20.77% ± 20.20; p = 0.001).

Conclusion

First pull BMA smears were of superior quality but inadequate in one‐tenth of samples. Second pull smears underreported PC% and recovery of PC compartment was poorest on FCMI. Concurrent bone marrow biopsy and use of the first pull sample for FCMI along with acquisition of a higher number of cells on FCMI may enhance the quality of assessment in PCPDs.
Effect of prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy on surgical site wound infection, hematoma, and haemorrhage in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Jin Lingshuang , Liu Limin , Wang Jing , Zhang Li
Published: June 2022

We performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the effect of prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy on surgical site wound infection, hematoma, and haemorrhage in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma. A systematic literature search up to April 2022 was performed and 3517 subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma at the baseline of the studies; 1503 of them were treated with prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy, and 2014 were using total thyroidectomy. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the effect of prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy on surgical site wound infection, hematoma, and haemorrhage in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma using the dichotomous method with a random or fixed‐effect model. The prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy subjects had a significantly lower surgical site wound infection (OR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.20–0.78, P = .007) in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma compared with total thyroidectomy. However, prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy did not show any significant difference in hematoma (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.43–2.71, P = .87), and haemorrhage (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.26–1.97, P = .52) compared with total thyroidectomy in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma. The prophylactic central neck dissection following total thyroidectomy subjects had a significantly higher surgical site wound infection, and no significant difference in hematoma, and haemorrhage compared with total thyroidectomy in subjects with clinically node‐negative papillary thyroid carcinoma. The analysis of outcomes should be with caution because of the low number of studies in certain comparisons.
Effect of particle size distribution on crystallization behavior of glass‐based seals in reversible solid oxide cells
Authors: Tao Mengxuan , Feng Jiangtao , Li Ruizhu , Guan Chengzhi , Pu Jian , Chi Bo
Published: June 2022

Reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC), integrating solid oxide fuel cell and solid oxide electrolysis cell, usually utilizes a glass material as seals. The particle size distribution of glass has a significant influence on crystallization and sintering behavior in the sealing process during RSOC operation. In this work, the effects of particle size on the non‐isothermal crystallization kinetics of BaO–ZnO–MgO–B2O3–SiO2 glass in RSOC are conducted. The crystallization behavior of glass is experimentally investigated and theoretically analyzed using Kissinger, Augis–Bennett, and Ozawa models. The values of crystallization activation energies are 164.4, 188.4, and 223.2 kJ/mol for 50, 150, and 300 μm (average particle sizes of S1, S2, and S3 glasses, respectively). The Avrami parameter (n) and dimensionality (m) of S1 glass are 0.6 and 0.7, similarly those of S2 glass were 0.9 and 0.7, corresponding to surface crystallization. However, the n and m values of S3 glass are both 1.8, suggesting that crystal growth between 1 (rod like) and 2 (plate like). Coarse glass exhibits better thermal stability and higher sluggishness to crystallize than that of fine glass. The main crystallization phases are characterized as thermally stable structure BaZn2Si2O7. Combined crystallization behavior with sintering behavior of glass, it is indicated that fine glass owns fast crystallization kinetics compared with sintering kinetics, generating a porous structure, whereas glass with larger particles crystallizes more slowly, exhibiting a relatively dense structure in RSOC operation.
Optimising prospective entrustment: Defaulting on default progression
Authors: Hall Andrew K. , Oswald Anna
Published: June 2022

Hall and Oswald argue that when clinical competence committees default to progression in the face of inadequate data requires revision to programs of assessment, improved data visualization, and targeted faculty development.
Mineralogy, chronology and formation process of the epithermal gold–silver vein deposits in the historical Togi mine, Noto Peninsula, Japan
Authors: Hamada Maki , Kobayashi Wataru , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Hasebe Noriko
Published: June 2022

To determine local deposit features in the vein‐type gold–silver ore deposit of the historical Togi mine, Noto Peninsula, central Japan, we investigated the occurrence and chemical compositions of ore minerals, especially silver‐ and/or gold‐bearing minerals, and wall‐rock alteration in the Togo No. 3 tunnel, a major tunnel of the Urukami mining area of the Togi mine. In the tunnel, the stockwork veins which are generally 0.1–1.5 m wide runs in Neogene pyroxene andesite. In the ore‐bearing quartz vein, in addition to the sulfides such as sphalerite, pyrite and chalcopyrite, the following Au and/or Ag ore minerals were identified: electrum with <49.3 mol% Ag, uytenbogaardtite, fischesserite, silver‐rich minerals of the Ag2S–Ag2Se solid solution series, and Se‐rich pearceite. Gangue minerals in the quartz veins are quartz and adularia. The wall rock is silicified, chloritized, and sericitized pyroxene andesite. Multiple generations of adularia grown on quartz suggest that adularia has grown by repeatedly passing the hydrothermal solution through the vein. Based on the characteristic occurrence of the Ag and/or silver‐rich ore minerals such as electrum, fischesserite, and Se‐rich pearceite and a gangue mineral, adularia, and on the wall‐rock alteration characterized by chlorite, sericite, and calcite, the Togi deposit is classified as a Se‐type and low‐sulfidation epithermal gold vein deposit. The K‐Ar ages of illite/smectite mixed‐layer minerals from the altered outcrop and plagioclase from a fresh andesite sample are 17.68 ± 0.41 and 17.52 ± 0.43 Ma, respectively, in agreement with published data of the Besshodake andesite. These results indicate that the hydrothermal fluids generated by the Miocene andesitic magma activity infiltrated the fissures relating to the formation of the Togi‐gawa Nangan Fault at the northern boundary of the Togi mining area, and Au and/or Ag‐rich ore minerals were formed from the hydrothermal fluid with decreasing temperature at the shallow level.
SEIR Model to address the impact of face masks amid COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Maged Ahmed , Ahmed Abdullah , Haridy Salah , Baker Arthur W. , Xie Min
Published: June 2022

Early in the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), face masks were used extensively by the general public in several Asian countries. The lower transmission rate of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in Asian countries compared with Western countries suggested that the wider community use of face masks has the potential to decrease transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2. A risk assessment model named Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Recovered (SEIR) model is used to quantitatively evaluate the potential impact of community face masks on SARS‐CoV‐2 reproduction number (R0) and peak number of infectious persons. For a simulated population of one million, the model showed a reduction in R0 of 49% and 50% when 60% and 80% of the population wore masks, respectively. Moreover, we present a modified model that considers the effect of mask‐wearing after community vaccination. Interestingly mask‐wearing still provided a considerable benefit in lowering the number of infectious individuals. The results of this research are expected to help public health officials in making prompt decisions involving resource allocation and crafting legislation.
BaRTv2: a highly resolved barley reference transcriptome for accurate transcript‐specific RNA‐seq quantification
Authors: Coulter Max , Entizne Juan Carlos , Guo Wenbin , Bayer Micha , Wonneberger Ronja , Milne Linda , Schreiber Miriam , Haaning Allison , Muehlbauer Gary J. , McCallum Nicola , Fuller John , Simpson Craig , Stein Nils , Brown John W. S. , Waugh Robbie , Zhang Runxuan
Published: June 2022

Accurate characterisation of splice junctions (SJs) as well as transcription start and end sites in reference transcriptomes allows precise quantification of transcripts from RNA‐seq data, and enables detailed investigations of transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation. Using novel computational methods and a combination of PacBio Iso‐seq and Illumina short‐read sequences from 20 diverse tissues and conditions, we generated a comprehensive and highly resolved barley reference transcript dataset from the European 2‐row spring barley cultivar Barke (BaRTv2.18). Stringent and thorough filtering was carried out to maintain the quality and accuracy of the SJs and transcript start and end sites. BaRTv2.18 shows increased transcript diversity and completeness compared with an earlier version, BaRTv1.0. The accuracy of transcript level quantification, SJs and transcript start and end sites have been validated extensively using parallel technologies and analysis, including high‐resolution reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and 5'‐RACE. BaRTv2.18 contains 39 434 genes and 148 260 transcripts, representing the most comprehensive and resolved reference transcriptome in barley to date. It provides an important and high‐quality resource for advanced transcriptomic analyses, including both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation, with exceptional resolution and precision.
Post‐protectorate Uganda and current models of influence across Englishes
Authors: Meierkord Christiane
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the overall results of a research project that investigated factors determining how speakers of Ugandan English express futurity, ability and obligation. Findings reveal that forms identified to convey these meanings in American, Indian, Kenyan or Nigerian English, and whose use would reveal influence from these, are seldom used. Rather, persisting exonormative orientation towards British English and first‐language influence seem to determine how many forms are tolerated and which ones are preferred. This challenges epicentre theory, according to which an endonormatively stable variety influences varieties in neighbouring countries, as well as models that assume that varieties with a high impact in terms of the demographic and economic weight of their speakers influence those with a lower impact, whilst findings furthermore indicate that regular long‐term exposure to another variety results in accommodation, making this a factor that needs to be better accounted for.
The Effect of Agricultural Modernization on Work Preferences in Batu, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yana Hamyana , Hidayat Kliwon , Sukesi Keppi , Yuliati Yayuk , Sofiana Eva
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of agricultural modernization on work preferences. There are two variables of agricultural modernization are used, which are the characteristics of human resources and farming characteristics. This type of research is survey research with a quantitative descriptive analysis. The location of this research was carried out in Batu on the respondents of Karang Taruna (Children of Farmers) aged 16-22 years. The sampling technique used the formula from Slovin to get 100 respondents. The sampling technique used Proportionate Random Sampling techniques and data collection methods through Google Form. Data analysis techniques in this study were the test instrument and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the modernization of agriculture on work preferences for Karang Taruna in Junrejo District Batu.
Degenerate two-photon Rydberg atom voltage reference
Authors: Teale C. , Sherman J. , Kitching J.
Published: June 2022

We implement a DC voltage reference by measuring Stark shifts of cesium Rydberg atoms in a vapor cell. Cesium atoms are excited from the ground state to the 15s state via a degenerate two-photon transition that provides a narrow, Doppler free line. The 15s state experiences a scalar, quadratic stark shift, which is used to measure the voltage across a parallel plate capacitor integrated into the vapor cell. We demonstrate a sensitivity of 82 mV/Hz at a bias voltage of 100 V. The device could be adapted for even larger voltages by increasing the plate spacing or using a lower energy state.
Projections of future forest degradation and CO
2
emissions for the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Assis Talita O. , Aguiar Ana Paula D. , von Randow Celso , Nobre Carlos A.
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the area affected by forest degradation in the Brazilian Amazon has frequently been higher than deforestation. From August 2006 to July 2019, the degraded area totaled 194,058 km
2
, representing almost two times the 99,630 km
2
deforested in the same period. The impacts of degradation include biodiversity loss and changes in the carbon stocks, affecting the CO
2
balance and future climate changes. This paper aims to explore socioeconomic and environmental factors that influence forest degradation, project future scenarios, and assess the impact on the regional carbon balance, combining forest degradation and deforestation-related processes (clear-cut deforestation and secondary vegetation dynamics). We show that, while net CO
2
emissions from 2020 to 2050 are 0.74 Gt CO
2
in the Sustainable scenario, this value reached 22.63 Gt CO
2
in the Fragmentation scenario, an increasingly plausible scenario given the recent trends in the region.
GPR15L is an epithelial inflammation-derived pruritogen
Authors: Tseng Pang-Yen , Hoon Mark A.
Published: June 2022

Itch is an unpleasant sensation that often accompanies chronic dermatological conditions. Although many of the itch receptors and the neural pathways underlying this sensation are known, the identity of endogenous ligands is still not fully appreciated. Using an unbiased bioinformatic approach, we identified GPR15L as a candidate pruritogen whose expression is robustly up-regulated in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Although GPR15L was previously shown to be a cognate ligand of the receptor GPR15, expressed in dermal T cells, here we show that it also contributes to pruritogenesis by activating Mas-related G protein–coupled receptors (MRGPRs). GPR15L can selectively stimulate mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons that express Mrgpra3 and evokes intense itch responses. GPR15L causes mast cell degranulation through stimulation of MRGPRX2 and Mrgprb2. Genetic disruption of GPR15L expression attenuates scratch responses in a mouse model of psoriasis. Our study reveals unrecognized features of GRP15L, showing that it is a potent itch-inducing agent.
Biophysical aspects underlying the swarm to biofilm transition
Authors: Worlitzer Vasco M. , Jose Ajesh , Grinberg Ilana , Bär Markus , Heidenreich Sebastian , Eldar Avigdor , Ariel Gil , Be’er Avraham
Published: June 2022

Bacteria organize in a variety of collective states, from swarming—rapid surface exploration, to biofilms—highly dense immobile communities attributed to stress resistance. It has been suggested that biofilm and swarming are oppositely controlled, making this transition particularly interesting for understanding the ability of bacterial colonies to adapt to challenging environments. Here, the swarm to biofilm transition is studied in
Bacillus subtilis
by analyzing the bacterial dynamics both on the individual and collective scales. We show that both biological and physical processes facilitate the transition. A few individual cells that initiate the biofilm program cause nucleation of large, approximately scale-free, stationary aggregates of trapped swarm cells. Around aggregates, cells continue swarming almost unobstructed, while inside, trapped cells are added to the biofilm. While our experimental findings rule out previously suggested purely physical effects as a trigger for biofilm formation, they show how physical processes, such as clustering and jamming, accelerate biofilm formation.
Penicillin-Binding Protein 1 (PBP1) of Staphylococcus aureus Has Multiple Essential Functions in Cell Division
Authors: Wacnik Katarzyna , Rao Vincenzo A. , Chen Xinyue , Lafage Lucia , Pazos Manuel , Booth Simon , Vollmer Waldemar , Hobbs Jamie K. , Lewis Richard J. , Foster Simon J.
Published: June 2022

Bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan is essential, and its synthesis is the target of clinically important antibiotics such as β-lactams. β-lactams target penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that assemble new peptidoglycan from its building blocks. The human pathogen
Staphylococcus aureus
only has two essential PBPs that can carry out all the functions necessary for growth and division.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactococcus lactis AH1, Isolated from Viili, a Finnish Dairy Product
Authors: Sazinas Pavelas , Martinussen Jan
Published: June 2022

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Lactococcus lactis
strain AH1, isolated from viili, a Finnish dairy product. This strain is known for the extreme viscosity it imparts to fermented milk due to its production of exopolysaccharides. The complete sequence was obtained by combining Illumina and Nanopore data, revealing a chromosome with a length of 2,421,519 bp and eight plasmids ranging from 5,773 to 55,958 bp.
Supplemental Material: Xenoliths reveal a hot Moho and thin lithosphere at the Cordillera-craton boundary of western Canada
Authors: Canil Dante , Russell J. Kelly
Published: June 2022

Details of samples, methods, and analytical results. 
Supplemental Material: Rates and processes controlling periglacial alluvial fan formation: Implications for martian fans
Authors: Palucis Marisa , al. et
Published: June 2022

Table S1: Channel parameters and sediment flux during August 17th 2019 storm conditions. Table S2: Channel parameters and sediment flux under bankfull conditions.
Addressing moral injury in the military
Authors: Phelps Andrea J , Adler A B , Belanger S A H , Bennett C , Cramm H , Dell L , Fikretoglu D , Forbes D , Heber A , Hosseiny F , Morganstein J C , Murphy D , Nazarov A , Pedlar D , Richardson J D , Sadler N , Williamson V , Greenberg N , Jetly R
Published: June 2022

Moral injury is a relatively new, but increasingly studied, construct in the field of mental health, particularly in relation to current and ex-serving military personnel. Moral injury refers to the enduring psychosocial, spiritual or ethical harms that can result from exposure to high-stakes events that strongly clash with one’s moral beliefs. There is a pressing need for further research to advance understanding of the nature of moral injury; its relationship to mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder and depression; triggering events and underpinning mechanisms; and prevalence, prevention and treatment. In the meantime, military leaders have an immediate need for guidance on how moral injury should be addressed and, where possible, prevented. Such guidance should be theoretically sound, evidence-informed and ethically responsible. Further, the implementation of any practice change based on the guidance should contribute to the advancement of science through robust evaluation. This paper draws together current research on moral injury, best-practice approaches in the adjacent field of psychological resilience, and principles of effective implementation and evaluation. This research is combined with the military and veteran mental health expertise of the authors to provide guidance on the design, implementation and evaluation of moral injury interventions in the military. The paper discusses relevant training in military ethical practice, as well as the key roles leaders have in creating cohesive teams and having frank discussions about the moral and ethical challenges that military personnel face.
Comparison of Hydrus and iStent microinvasive glaucoma surgery implants in combination with phacoemulsification for treatment of open-angle glaucoma: systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Hu Rongrong , Guo Dongyu , Hong Nan , Xuan Xiuyuan , Wang Xiaoyu
Published: June 2022

Objectives

To compare the efficacy and safety of two Schlemm’s canal-based microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) devices, the Hydrus Microstent and the iStent Trabecular Bypass combined with phacoemulsification for treatment of open-angle glaucoma.

Design

Systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the Hydrus or the iStent implantation combined with phacoemulsification for treatment of open-angle glaucoma until September 2020. Risk of bias was assessed using a six-item modified Jadad scale. Effects were estimated using the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction (IOPR), the percentage of IOPR and the proportion of medication-free patients at follow-up end. Safety was estimated using the proportions of adverse events. The network meta-analysis was conducted within a Bayesian framework using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method in ADDIS software.

Results

Six prospective RCTs comprising 1397 patients were identified. Regarding the absolute value and the percentage of IOPR, the Hydrus and 2-iStent implantation combined with phacoemulsification were significantly more effective than phacoemulsification alone. Rank probability analysis revealed the Hydrus might be the best choice to lower IOP. There was no significant difference in the proportion of medication-free patients among groups. The Hydrus and 2-iStent implantation had a higher probability to achieve the medication-free status versus the 1-iStent implantation and phacoemulsification alone. Overall safety profiles were good for each device with the focal peripheral anterior synechiae more frequently reported in Hydrus eyes.

Conclusions

The Hydrus implantation may have a slight advantage over the 1-iStent or 2-iStent implantation in combination with phacoemulsification to treat open-angle glaucoma. Our findings might be of some uncertainty due to the limited included data. Further studies are needed to investigate whether our findings are robust, including high-quality RCTs to directly compare these MIGS devices.
Comparison of different severe obesity definitions in predicting future cardiometabolic risk in a longitudinal cohort of children
Authors: Kakinami Lisa , Smyrnova Anna , Paradis Gilles , Tremblay Angelo , Henderson Melanie
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Severe obesity (SO) prevalence varies between reference curve-based definitions (WHO: ≥99th percentile, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): >1.2×95th percentile). Whether SO definitions differentially predict cardiometabolic disease risk is critical for proper clinical care and management but is unknown.

Design

Prospective cohort study

Setting

SO definitions were applied at baseline (2005–2008, Mage=9.6 years, n=548), and outcomes (fasting lipids, glucose, homoeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) and blood pressure) were assessed at first follow-up (F1: 2008–2011, Mage=11.6 years) and second follow-up (2015–2017, Mage=16.8 years) of the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle Investigation in Youth cohort in Montreal, Quebec.

Participants

Respondents were youth who had at least one biological parent with obesity.

Primary outcome measures

Unfavourable cardiometabolic levels of fasting blood glucose (≥6.1 mmol/L), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR index ≥2.0), high-density lipoprotein <1.03 mmol/L, low-density lipoprotein ≥2.6 mmol/L and triglycerides >1.24 mmol/L. Unfavourable blood pressure was defined as ≥90th percentile for age-adjusted, sex-adjusted and height-adjusted systolic or diastolic blood pressure.

Analysis

Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and McFadden psuedo R2 for predicting F1 or F2 unfavourable cardiometabolic levels from baseline SO definitions were calculated. Agreement was assessed with kappas.

Results

Baseline SO prevalence differed (WHO: 18%, CDC: 6.7%). AUCs ranged from 0.52 to 0.77, with fair agreement (kappa=37%–55%). WHO-SO AUCs for detecting unfavourable HOMA-IR (AUC>0.67) and high-density lipoprotein (AUC>0.59) at F1 were statistically superior than CDC-SO (AUC>0.59 and 0.53, respectively; p<0.05). Only HOMA-IR and the presence of more than three risk factors had acceptable model fit. WHO-SO was not more predictive than WHO-obesity, but CDC-SO was statistically inferior to CDC-obesity.

Conclusion

WHO-SO is statistically superior at predicting cardiometabolic risk than CDC-SO. However, as most AUCs were generally uninformative, and obesity definitions were the same if not better than SO, the improvement may not be clinically meaningful.
Use of 18F-NaF PET in the staging of skeletal metastases of newly diagnosed, high-risk prostate cancer patients: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Mogensen Anna Winther , Petersen Lars J , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Nørgaard Mette , Pank Marie T , Zacho Helle D
Published: June 2022

Objective

To determine whether preoperative staging of high-risk prostate cancer with 18F-sodium-fluoride (18F-NaF) positron emission tomography (PET) reduces the risk of skeletal metastases.

Design

Nationwide, population-based cohort study using real-world data.

Setting

The study used national health registries, including all sites in Denmark from 2011 to 2018.

Participants

Newly diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer patients who underwent radical prostatectomy from 2011 to 2018. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the preoperative imaging modality of either 18F-NaF PET or bone scintigraphy.

Main outcome measures

The risk of skeletal-related events (SREs) as a proxy for skeletal metastases following radical prostatectomy. The secondary endpoint was overall survival.

Results

Between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2018, 4183 high-risk patients underwent radical prostatectomy. Of these patients, 807 (19.3%) underwent 18F-NaF PET and 2161 (51.7%) underwent bone scintigraphy. The remaining 30% were examined by a different imaging method or did not undergo imaging. Using the inverse probability of treatment weighting to control potential confounding, the HR of experiencing an SRE for patients in the 18F-NaF PET group versus the bone scintigraphy group was 1.15 (95% CI 0.86 to 1.54). The 3-year survival rates were 97.4% (95% CI 96.1 to 98.7) and 97.1% (95% CI 96.4 to 97.9) for patients receiving 18F-NaF PET and bone scintigraphy, respectively.

Conclusion

Patients with high-risk prostate cancer undergoing preoperative staging with 18F-NaF PET did not display a lower risk of developing SREs after prostatectomy compared with patients undergoing bone scintigraphy. The survival rates were similar between the two groups.
Availability, accessibility and activation of mental health services among university students in Africa: a protocol of a mixed-methods systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-synthesis
Authors: Wao Hesborn , Wao Melvin A , Muriithi Ian , Seraii Paul , Syonguvi Jackline
Published: June 2022

Introduction

In Africa, the prevalence of mental health problems is higher among university students than in the general population. A number of systematic reviews and recent prevalence studies have focused on prevalence of mental health issues among college. This mixed-methods systematic review, including meta-analysis and meta-synthesis, will explore: what mental health services are available to university students; the extent to which students access available services and factors associated with service access; and the degree to which students activate (use) accessible services and factors associated with service activation.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct electronic literature search of the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Semantic Scholar, ERIC, Trip Database, Medline and PsycINFO. Disagreement, if any, will be resolved by a third reviewer. Two reviewers will independently assess the methodological quality of included studies using relevant tools. For cross-sectional studies, we will use the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies whereas qualitative or mixed-methods studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. OR, risk ratio or mean difference with 95% CI will be considered as the effect size. We will assess heterogeneity between studies by appropriate subgroup analyses. Publication bias will be detected using funnel plots.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical clearance is not required as we are not collecting primary data. Findings will be disseminated via relevant scientific conferences and peer-reviewed publications.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022296870.
Characteristics of knowledge translation platforms and methods for evaluating them: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Schmidt Bey-Marrie , Cooper Sara , Young Taryn , Jessani Nasreen S
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Knowledge translation platforms (KTPs) are intermediary organisations, initiatives or networks whose intent is to bridge the evidence into action divide. Strategies and tools include collaborative knowledge production, capacity building, information exchange and dialogue to facilitate relevant and timely engagement between researchers and decision-makers and other relevant stakeholders. With the wide range of definitions and descriptions of KTPs, there is a need to (1) provide a nuanced understanding of characteristics of KTPs and (2) assess and consolidate research methods used in mapping and evaluating KTPs to inform standardised process and impact evaluation.

Methods and analysis

This scoping review will follow the recommended and accepted methods for scoping reviews and reporting guidelines. Eligibility for inclusion is any conceptual or empirical health-related qualitative, quantitative and/or mixed method studies including (1) definitions, descriptions and models or frameworks of KTPs (including those that do not self-identify as KTPs, eg, university research centres) and (2) research methods for mapping and/or evaluating KTPs. Searches will be carried out in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, Global Health and Web of Science using a predetermined search strategy, without any date, language or geographical restrictions. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts. One reviewer will complete data extraction for all included studies, and another will check a sample of 50% of the included studies. The analysis and synthesis will provide (1) an understanding of the various characteristics of KTPs; (2) insight into characteristics or factors that make them resilient and/or adaptive to facilitate impact (ie, influence policy and practice); and (3) an overview of the various methods for mapping and evaluating KTPs. We will explore enhancing an existing framework for classifying KTPs, or perhaps even developing a new framework for identifying and monitoring KTPs if necessary and relevant.

Ethics and dissemination

This scoping review does not require ethics approval, as we will only include information from previously conducted studies and we will not involve human participants. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed scientific journal for publication and as conference presentations.
The 2HDM doppelganger
Authors: Coleppa Baradhwaj , Sarkar Agnivo
Published: June 2022

We discuss the structure of a model with an extended gauge symmetry group $$SU(2)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$$

S
U
(
2
)
×
S
U
(
2
)
×
U
(
1
)

with a correspondingly rich Electroweak Symmetry Breaking structure. In spite of the additional scalar degrees of freedom in the model, the presence of the extra gauge group SU(2) and its associated heavy vector bosons ensures that the scalar spectrum of the model after symmetry breaking is identical to that of the Two Higgs Doublet Models. We construct the model and discuss its implications, specifically the phenomenology associated with this class of models in contrast to the 2HDM.
Analysis of the voids formation mechanisms in CF/PEKK blank by water absorption behavior
Authors: Lee Kyo-Moon , Li Xiaoqi , Park Soo-Jeong , Kim Yun-Hae
Published: June 2022

The internal defects formed during infrared (IR) heating of carbon fiber-polyetherketoneketone thermoplastic composites at different temperatures and dwell times were analyzed based on the water absorption characteristics. IR heating generates internal defects such as voids, which affect the water absorption behavior of the composites; lesser voids were generated under higher heating temperatures and longer dwell times. A void formation mechanism consisting of growth, transfer, and removal of voids was proposed based on the difference in the standard deviation of the water absorption content. The reduction in the water absorption content of the composite after reforming confirmed the recovery of voids. All the specimens, except those heated at 420[Formula: see text]C for 5 min or more, showed good recovery.
Study for nanomaterial transportation within the channel with apply of complicated turbulator
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Diao Xiuhui , Selim Mahmoud M.
Published: June 2022

Hybrid nanomaterial exergy drop and thermal manners were examined in this work with involving the porous media in middle part of the pipe. Moreover, to augment the rotational velocity, disturber device was applied in test section. The two sections near the entrance and outlet were in absence of disturber and porous zone because of importance of shun of backflow and reach of fully developed condition. Laminar flow with assume of homogeneous mixture for hybrid nanomaterial (Al2O[Formula: see text] and water) results in final model with involving the non-Darcy approach for permeable media. Finite volume approach was applied for achieving the outputs which are exergy loss (Xd) and hydrothermal behavior. Use of additives results in lower Xd more than 7.7% when [Formula: see text]. With growth of Re, the Xd declines around a bit greater than 19%. Utilizing higher permeability allows the hybrid nanofluid moves quicker and exergy loss augments less than 10.5%.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF THE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC POTENTIAL IN THE VASTUS MEDIALIS AND LATERALIS MUSCLES FOR THREE KNEE FLEXION ANGLES DURING ISOMETRIC KNEE EXTENSION
Authors: KOMIYA MAKOTO , MAEDA NORIAKI , NISHIKAWA YUICHI , SASADAI JUNPEI , MORIKAWA MASANORI , TASHIRO TSUBASA , FUJISHITA HIRONORI , URABE YUKIO
Published: June 2022

Understanding the function of the vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles is important since these muscles are essential for daily and sport activities. The association between the knee flexion angle and spatial muscle activation is controversial. This study compares the distribution patterns of multi-channel electromyographic activities of the VL and VM muscles at three knee flexion angles for three intensities of isometric contraction. Sixteen men performed isometric knee extensions at 30%, 50% and 70% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), at [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] knee flexion. Alterations in the spatial electromyographic potential distribution were determined by the root mean square (RMS), modified entropy, and coefficient of variation in the spatial electromyographic potential. Modified entropy and the coefficient of variation showed differences in the VM muscle between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] knee flexion. The RMS at the three angles was similar between the VL and VM muscles, with no differences in contraction intensities at 30%, 50%, or 70% MVC. The VL and VM muscle function differed among knee flexion angles, as did activity in the distal and proximal VM muscles. These findings suggest the need for functional evaluation of the VL and VM muscles at each knee flexion angle.
An Intelligent Framework for Timely, Accurate, and Comprehensive Cloud Incident Detection
Authors: Li Yichen , Zhang Xu , He Shilin , Chen Zhuangbin , Kang Yu , Liu Jinyang , Li Liqun , Dang Yingnong , Gao Feng , Xu Zhangwei , Rajmohan Saravan , Lin Qingwei , Zhang Dongmei , Lyu Michael R.
Published: June 2022

Cloud incidents (service interruptions or performance degradation) dramatically degrade the reliability of large-scale cloud systems, causing customer dissatisfaction and revenue loss. With years of efforts, cloud providers are able to solve most incidents automatically and rapidly. The secret of this ability is intelligent incident detection. Only when incidents are detected timely, accurately, and comprehensively, can they be diagnosed and mitigated at a satisfiable speed. To overcome the limitations of traditional rule-based detection, we carried out years of incident detection research. We developed a comprehensive AIOps (Artificial Intelligence for IT Operations) framework for incident detection containing a set of data-driven methods. This paper shares our recent experience of developing and deploying such an intelligent incident detection system at Microsoft. We first discuss the real-world challenges of incident detection that constitute the pain points of engineers. Then, we summarize our intelligent solutions proposed in recent years to tackle these challenges. Finally, we show the deployment of the incident detection AIOps framework and demonstrate its practical benefits conveyed to Microsoft cloud services with real cases.
Mitofusin 2 positively regulates Ca2+ signaling by tethering the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in rat aortic smooth muscle cells
Authors: Inagaki Sou , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Kawasaki Keisuke , Kondo Rubii , Imaizumi Yuji , Yamamura Hisao
Published: June 2022

Mitochondria buffer cytosolic Ca2+ increases following Ca2+ influx from extracellular spaces, and Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ store sites under physiological circumstances. Therefore, close contact of mitochondria with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is required for maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis. Mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) localizes in both mitochondrial and SR membranes and is hypothesized to optimize the distance and Ca2+ transfer between these organelles. However, the physiological significance of Mfn2 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is poorly understood. In the present study, the role of Mfn2 in the physical and functional couplings between SR and mitochondria was examined in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (rASMCs) by confocal and electron microscope imaging. When Mfn2 was knocked down using siRNA in rASMCs, the mean distance between these organelles was extended from 16.2 to 21.6 nm. The increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) induced by 100 nM arginine vasopressin (AVP) was not affected by Mfn2 siRNA knockdown, whereas cytosolic Ca2+ removal was slower after Mfn2 knockdown. Following the AVP-induced [Ca2+]cyt increase, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ refill into the SR were attenuated by Mfn2 knockdown. In addition, Mfn2-knockdown cells exhibited a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨmito) and lower ATP levels in mitochondria. Moreover, Mfn2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation. In contrast, Mfn2 overexpression increased ΔΨmito and cell growth. This study strongly suggests that Mfn2 is responsible for SR-mitochondria Ca2+ signaling by tethering mitochondria to SR, thereby regulating ATP production and proliferation of VSMCs.
Q‐Type Spaces of Harmonic Mappings
Authors: Kamal Alaa
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we attempt to investigate a new harmonic mapping class denoted by the Banach space in the unit disk. Several characteristics of the class are examined. We additionally describe some findings for the little harmonic space, which really is a closed subspace of . We also talk about the boundedness and compactness of the composition operator in the space.
Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 2 (TGFBR2) Promoter Region Polymorphisms May Be Involved in Mandibular Retrognathism
Authors: Kirschneck Margarita , Zbidat Nermien , Paddenberg Eva , Reis Caio Luiz Bitencourt , Madalena Isabela Ribeiro , Menezes-Oliveira Maria Angélica Hueb de , Lepri César Penazzo , Proff Peter , Kirschneck Christian , Küchler Erika Calvano
Published: June 2022

Skeletal malocclusions are common phenotypes in humans and have a strong influence on genetic factors. Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) controls numerous functions of the human body, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Thus, this study is aimed at evaluating whether genetic polymorphisms in TGFB1 and its receptor TGFBR2 are associated with mandibular retrognathism in German children and adolescents. Children and teenagers older than 8 years in the mixed or permanent dentition were included in this study. Patients with syndromes and facial trauma and patients with congenital alterations were excluded. Digital cephalometric tracings were performed using the anatomical landmarks point A, point B, sella (S), and nasion (N). Patients that have a retrognathic mandible (SNB < 78°) were selected as case group, and the patients with an orthognathic mandible (SNB = 78°– 82°) were selected as the control group. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from saliva was used to evaluate four genetic polymorphisms in TGFB1 (rs1800469 and rs4803455) and TGBR2 (rs3087465 and rs764522) using real‐time PCR. Chi‐square or Fisher exact tests were used to compare gender, genotype, and allele distribution among groups. Genotype distribution was calculated in an additive and recessive model. Haplotype analysis was also performed. The established alpha of this study was 5%. A total of 146 patients (age ranging from 8 to 18 years) were included in this epidemiological genetic study. The genetic polymorphism rs3087465 in TGFBR2 was associated with mandibular retrognathism. Carrying the AA genotype in the rs3087465 polymorphism decreased the chance of having mandibular retrognathism (odds ratio = 0.25, confidence interval 95% = 0.06 to 0.94, p = 0.045). None of the haplotypes was associated with mandibular retrognathism (p > 0.05). In conclusion, we found that the genetic polymorphism rs3087465 in the promoter region of the TGFBR2 was associated with mandibular retrognathism in Germans.
Fear of Pain as a Predictor for Postoperative Pain Intensity among the Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery
Authors: Luo Yang , He Jingting , Bao Lihong , Meng Heng , Hu Cuihuan , Chen Quan
Published: June 2022

Setting. Thoracic surgery department of a tertiary hospital. Background. Fear of pain (FOP) has been recognized as an influential moderator and determinant of the perception and disability of chronic pain. However, studies on FOP in postoperative acute pain are few and inconsistent. Objective. To explore whether FOP is related to pain intensity after thoracic surgery and provide a reference for FOP study in postoperative pain. Methods. From February to March 2022, 89 patients completed Chinese Version of Fear of Pain-9 Items (FOP-9), Chinese version of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI, including least, worst, and average pain) and Simplified Chinese version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Correlation analyses and mediation analyses were used for exploring the relationship between factors. Results. Mediation analyses showed that the total effects of FOP-9 on BPI all were significant (least pain: effect = 0.085,

p
=
0.013

, 95% CI = 0.019∼0.151; worst pain: effect = 0.116,

p
=
0.004

, 95% CI = 0.037∼0.196; average pain: effect = 0.102,

p
=
0.005

, 95% CI = 0.031∼0.174) indicating that FOP-9 was a predictor to BPI. The 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval of estimate of indirect effect between FOP-9 and least pain/average pain through PCS was −0.036∼0.024 and −0.003∼0.069 (all contain zero), which indicated that PCS is not a mediator between FOP-9 and least pain/average pain. However, the estimate of indirect effect between FOP-9 and worst pain through PCS were 0.048 (95% CI = 0.095∼0.088), and direct effect was not statistically significant (95% CI = −0.017∼0.153), indicating that PCS acted as a complete intermediary between FOP-9 and worst pain. FOP-9 and PCS showed significant positive prediction effect on worst pain. Conclusions. Both trait FOP and state FOP were associated with higher postoperative pain reports after thoracic surgery. Trait FOP influences postoperative pain through the mediating effect of state FOP.