bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORECASTING THE DOW JONES RATE OF CHANGE BY USING VECTOR AUTO-REGRESSION
Authors: Ben-David Nissim
Published: August 2020

In this paper I used VAR Technique and estimated an equation that enables us to forecast future expected changes in the Dow Jones.Surprisingly, I found that small lags in the Dow Jones are not significant, while very distant lags are significant and can explain a large amount of the variance in the rate of change of the Dow Jones. Comparing actual to fitted values, I found that in 10 out of 11 predictions the forecasts lie within the confidence interval of the prediction.
A STATISTICAL ARBITRAGE TRADE BASED ON BETTING PRICE VOLATILITY
Authors: Brown Alistair
Published: August 2020

In this note, I derive a probability measure for betting prices on an exchange reaching a target level prior to the market closing.  This allows a bettor to take a long (short) position on a bet, and calculate the probability that the short (long) price will yield a profit before the market closes.  In effect, this facilitates the statistical arbitrage of betting price volatility.
HEDGING GREEKS FOR A PORTFOLIO OF OPTIONS USING LINEAR AND QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING
Authors: Sinha Pankaj , Johar Archit
Published: August 2020

The aim of this paper is to develop a hedging methodology for making a portfolio of options delta, vega and gamma neutral by taking positions in other available options, and simultaneously minimizing the net premium to be paid for the hedging. A quadratic programming solution for the problem is formulated, and then it is approximated to a linear programming solution. A prototype for the linear programming solution has been developed in MS Excel using VBA.
PREDICTIVE POWER OF INFORMATION MARKET PRICES
Authors: Putintseva Maria
Published: August 2020

Prediction (or information) markets are markets where participants trade contracts whose payoff depends on unknown future events. Studying prediction markets allows to avoid many problems, which arise in some artificially designed behavioral experiments investigating collective decision making or individual's belief formation. This work is aimed, first, to verify whether predictions made by prices of binary options traded in information markets are reliable and whether the prices contain additional information about the future comparing to the information available from the dynamics of underlying asset only. Second, inter- and intraday microstructure of the market of binary options on Dow Jones Industrial Average index is examined and described quantitatively. Third, since some ability to forecast future changes in the underlying asset is detected, a simple trading strategy based on observing the trading process in the prediction market is suggested and its profitability and applicability is evaluated.
LONG-TERM PREDICTION MARKETS
Authors: Antweiler Werner
Published: August 2020

Most prediction markets focus on events with a short time horizon such as forthcoming elections. Contracts are typically traded for periods measured in weeks, but rarely exceeding a year. There is great interest in using prediction markets for events with a long time horizon such as climate change outcomes. This paper develops an analytic framework for exploring the time horizon limitations of prediction markets and suggests a simple, practical solution: the market operator must invest cash holdings in a diversified financial portfolio that generates returns that reflect individual traders’ heterogeneous attitudes towards risk and return. The analytic framework identifies how the presence of an opportunity cost for investors reduces market liquidity through a participation constraint and biases the equilibrium price through an inherent money-at-risk asymmetry between long and short positions in a prediction market. This paper explores continuous outcome markets, which are relevant for science-related long-term predictions, along with familiar winner-takes-all markets.
FORENSIC SPORTS ANALYTICS: DETECTING AND PREDICTING MATCH-FIXING IN TENNIS
Authors: Rodenberg Ryan , Feustel Elihu D.
Published: August 2020

Despite some degree of lingering friction between sports leagues and wagering, the eradication of corruption in sports is one issue in which the interests of sports governing bodies, reputable gambling businesses, entities affiliated with the sports industry, and law enforcement are allied.  This paper aims to: (i) detect match-fixing corruption in tennis and (ii) predict such match-fixing before it occurs.  We first compare proxy measures of effort in fair matches versus possibly unfair matches – matches played in the first round, where wagering-induced manipulation is more likely.  The results show that players exert less effort (tanking) in the first round, even when adjusting for the slightly greater difference in skill level in such matches.  We next determine whether the gambling markets were able to identify fixing, tanking, or other types of manipulation before the match was played.  Using two predictive tennis models (ELO, Common-Opponent) to determine the fair trading price of a tennis match, we find prima facie evidence of the betting markets being affected, with an average of 23 matches per year likely being manipulated or outright fixed each year.  Finally, we determine whether fixed matches can be identified before they are played using predictive modeling and by observing real-time market price changes.  We conclude that when the betting price has a large irrational move away from the fair model-predicted price, the move is indicative of a fixed match before it is played.
Testing for Dependency, Autocorrelation and Weak Information Efficiency in Horse Race Rankings Time Series
Authors: Linden Mikael
Published: August 2020

Time series of horse trotting race outcomes (rankings) are analysed and tested with time series methods. Horse race rankings are low valued integers that are typical for Poisson processes. Testing for temporal independency in rankings series is conducted with different tests.  We focus on 456 series -  both on observed and on expected rankings (odds)  -  and show that close to 40% of analysed observed  series and close to 20% of expected series have significant, mainly  non-negative, autocorrelations.  These are not sensitive to the average ranking levels that the horses have obtained across the races they have finished.  In average the observed rankings series show larger persistence than expected rankings. The close relationship between observed and expected rankings and non-independency results imply that a typical weak-form of information efficiency or forecast unbiasedness testing framework can be applied to horse level rankings series. Interestingly some information efficiency results are found mainly under maintained hypothesis, the difference between observed and expected rankings.  It is argued that OLS methods are not necessary suitable in this context as the rankings series are integer valued and expected rankings are sensitive to bettors’ risk aversion.
Ideas Markets: A Literature Review and Classification Scheme
Authors: McDonagh Eoin , Buckley Patrick
Published: August 2020

Prediction markets have been positioned in the literature as efficient and scalable information aggregation mechanisms. The increasing interest in the use of market mechanisms to enable decision making has led to attempts to use these mechanisms to stimulate innovation in a number of organisational contexts. These tools, usually referred to as Ideas Markets are seen as a potentially powerful method of sourcing and evaluating new ideas. Whereas traditional Prediction Markets allow participants to trade on the outcome of uncertain future events, Ideas Markets’ provide a platform for the generation and evaluation of ideas through the trading of virtual stocks representing products and concepts.  In this paper, we study the evolution of research on Idea Markets though a comprehensive literature review. We develop a classification scheme, which enables thorough analysis of current trends within Ideas Markets research. Our results show that case studies detailing corporate applications of Ideas Markets dominate the current literature. The paper contributes by providing a comprehensive guide to the extant literature on Ideas Markets. This serves a number of purposes, including providing practitioners and academics with a convenient bibliography of the current literature. The issues highlighted by this literature review also serve to both motivate and enable further research.
EXPECTED VALUES AND VARIANCES IN BOOKMAKER PAYOUTS: A THEORETICAL APPROACH TOWARDS SETTING LIMITS ON ODDS
Authors: Cortis Dominic
Published: August 2020

This paper is available as Open-Access thanks to a donation from Pinnacle SportsThis study summarizes the key methods of displaying probabilities as odds and provides simple mathematical derivation of a number of key statements in setting odds. Firstly it estimates the expected bookmaker profit as a function of wagers placed and bookmaker margin. Moreover it shows that odds set by bookmakers should have implied probabilities that add up to at least one, otherwise arbitrage is present. Bookmakers can increase profitability by offering more multiples, also known as accumulators, and can lower variation in payouts by maintaining the ratio of wagers and implied probability per outcome.
Using Prediction Market Prices to Differentiate Factors that Influence the Highest and Lowest Priced Tickets in Dynamic Pricing for Major League Baseball
Authors: Paul Rodney , Weinbach Andrew
Published: August 2020

The use of prediction markets is extended to explain differences in preferences of fans that purchase different price levels of tickets under dynamic pricing for Major League Baseball.  Using data from eleven teams, this research investigates similarities and differences in variables that affect ticket prices for the highest-priced and lowest-priced tickets.  Key contrasts between the groups are found to stem from distinct preferences for uncertainty of outcome, measured by betting market odds, and team quality.  It is also shown that differences between the groups are attributable to sensitivity to factors such as key opponents, weekend games, opening day, and temperature.
Private Information, Overconfidence and Trader Returns in Prediction Markets
Authors: Goins Sheila , Cipriano Michael , Gruca Thomas S
Published: August 2020

In lab experiments on the value of information in financial markets, groups of “insiders” are randomly chosen to receive perfect information. However, in typical (non-experimental) financial markets, investors often engage in extensive fundamental analysis, a process which may result in over-confidence in one’s private information. In this study, we examine trading volume, prices and trader returns in a set of four real money prediction markets where the values of securities are tied to a movie’s box office performance. Before the markets opened, every trader submitted a detailed forecast of the movie’s future performance. Therefore, all traders have self-generated private information, the accuracy of which can only be known ex-post.            As expected, the volume and timing of trading were consistent with over-confidence. In three of the four markets, contract prices were consistent with the prior information equilibrium. In those three markets, traders whose forecast was associated with the winning contract had significantly higher returns than traders whose forecasts suggested that another contract would pay off. In the other market, there were no significant differences in returns across trader groups. This research suggests that when traders are overconfident and trade accordingly, there can value to being better informed if the information is accurate.
Staatenimmunität und Staatsverschuldung
Authors: Reimer Robert H.D.
Published: August 2020

Das Werk befasst sich mit dem sogenannten Once a trader always a trader-Prinzip im Rahmen des Grundsatzes restriktiver Staatenimmunität, nach dem sich ein Staat, der sich auf die Ebene der Gleichordnung begeben hat an den dort geltenden Regeln grundsätzlich festhalten lassen muss. Erörtert wird nicht nur die rechtliche Herleitung dieses Prinzips, sondern auch dessen Reichweite. Hierzu liefert der Autor ein neues Abgrenzungsmodell, das zunächst einen Zurechnungssachverhalt identifiziert und sodann anhand einer Zurechnungsformel bestimmt, ob im jeweiligen Einzelfall der Schutz restriktiver Staatenimmunität zu gewähren ist. In diesem Kontext wird außerdem die Emission und Restrukturierung von Staatsanleihen dargestellt.
Die Rechtsbeziehungen zwischen Bank und Bieter bei öffentlichen Übernahmen nach dem WpÜG
Authors: Koch Tobias
Published: August 2020

Die zwischen Bank- und Kapitalmarktrecht einzuordnende Frage der Mitwirkung von Banken an öffentlichen Übernahmen und deren zugrundeliegende Rechtsbeziehungen spielen wirtschaftlich eine wesentliche Rolle. Aus Perspektive des Bieters leisten Banken wichtige Beratungstätigkeiten, erstellen zur Durchführung der Übernahme erforderliche Dokumente oder Strukturieren die Finanzierung. Daneben wird mit der technischen Abwicklung des öffentlichen Übernahmeangebots der wohl wesentlichste Schritt – dem Austausch von Leistung und Gegenleistung – unter Mitwirkung von Banken vollzogen. Dieses Werk stellt die Mitwirkungsakte von Banken anhand des Ablaufs einer öffentlichen Übernahme aus Bieterperspektive dar und geht insbesondere auf die Rechtsbeziehungen zwischen Bank und Bieter ein.
Polizeikosten bei Hochrisikofußballspielen - Aufgabe des Staates oder Verantwortung der Veranstalter?
Authors: Hoss Gerrit
Published: August 2020

Vor dem Hintergrund der angespannten Haushaltslage hat sich das Land Bremen im Jahr 2014 dazu entschlossen, den Veranstalter gewinnorientierter Großveranstaltungen an den Kosten eines im Rahmen der Veranstaltung notwendigen Polizeieinsatzes zu beteiligen, sofern bei der Durchführung der Veranstaltung erfahrungsgemäß mit Gewalthandlungen zu rechnen ist.

Die Masterarbeit fasst einerseits die lang andauernden Diskussionen über die Möglichkeiten einer Kostenbeteiligung des Profifußballs zusammen, andererseits beleuchtet sie die rechtliche Zulässigkeit einer solchen Regelung.
Im Vordergrund steht insbesondere die Frage nach der Verfassungskonformität einer solchen Gebührenregelung zur Überwälzung der Polizeikosten auf den Veranstalter. Im Wesentlichen beleuchtet werden die rechtlichen Aspekte der Entscheidung des OVG Bremen. Dabei wird insbesondere geprüft, ob die Entscheidung des OVG Bremen rechtlich zu beanstanden ist. Außerdem zeigt die Arbeit alternative Maßnahmen zur Senkung der Polizeikosten bei Hochrisikofußballspielen auf.

Gerrit Hoss arbeitet bei der Stadt Osnabrück.
Die Kriminalisierung von Gewaltdarstellungen nach § 131 StGB
Authors: Weber Rebecca
Published: August 2020

Kann und sollte man die Darstellung extremer Gewalt in Medien rechtlich unterbinden? Dieser vielfach gestellten Frage wendet sich das Werk auf neue Weise zu, indem es die rechtliche Zulässigkeit des Gewaltdarstellungsverbots in § 131 StGB auf der Grundlage eigener empirischer Forschung bewertet. Es untersucht hierfür zunächst die tatsächliche Wirksamkeit des § 131 StGB. In diesem Rahmen wertet die Autorin die Angaben von Experten der Kriminalpolizei und Staatsanwaltschaft aus und analysiert in einem Literatur-Review zahlreiche Studien der aktuellen Medienwirkungsforschung. Die Ergebnisse ermöglichen eine fundierte verfassungsrechtliche Einordnung des § 131 StGB und erlauben Schlussfolgerungen zu der kriminalpolitischen Zweckhaftigkeit der Norm.
Sportjournalismus in Österreich
Authors: Dimitriou Minas , Sattlecker Gerold
Published: August 2020

Erstmals wurde eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Studie im Bezug auf österreichische Sportjournalisten durchgeführt. Folgende Themenkomplexe stehen im Mittelpunkt der Arbeit: das Selbstverständnis und die Identität der Sportjournalisten, Rollen und Rollenverständnis, Recherchequalität und Recherchemethoden sowie die Ethik innerhalb des Sportjournalismus. Außerdem wird auf die Ausbildungssituation im Journalismus bzw. Sportjournalismus näher eingegangen, wobei auch die Arbeitsbedingungen, das Verhältnis zu Trainern und Aktiven sowie die Funktionen und Aufgaben der Sportjournalisten im Detail aufgezeigt werden. Die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie erhobenen Daten wurden mit entsprechenden Untersuchungsergebnissen aus Deutschland und der Schweiz verglichen. Parallel dazu konnte bezüglich der Dateninterpretation und anschließenden Diskussion eine zukunftsorientierte Berufsperspektive skizziert werden.
Empirie des Schulsports
Authors: Balz Eckart , Bräutigam Michael , Methling Wolf D. , Wolters Petra
Published: August 2020

Dieser Band ist ein Überblickswerk der Schulsportforschung. Dargestellt werden zentrale Untersuchungsansätze, Forschungsergebnisse und Forschungsperspektiven für den Schulsport. Die Befunde sind in vier Forschungsfelder "Unterrichtsforschung", "Schülerforschung", "Lehrerforschung" und "Schulsportentwicklungsforschung" differenziert und thematisch entfaltet. Zu jedem Forschungsfeld gibt es einen umfangreichen und grundlegenden Basistext und jeweils einen oder zwei ergänzende Beiträge z. B. zu Heterogenität und Koedukation, motorischer Leistungsfähigkeit und Evaluation, Lehrplanarbeit und Ganztag.
Sport als Bühne
Authors: Hebbel-Seeger Andreas , Horky Thomas , Schulke Hnas-Jürgen
Published: August 2020

Medien prägen zunehmend Sportgroßveranstaltungen. Sie ermöglichen zeitgleiche Verbreitung ihrer aktuellen Durchführung (TV, New Media) und Vertiefung (Print, kulturelle Produkte), verändern mit medientechnologischen Innovationen die Inszenierung in Arenen und Medien. In der sozialwissenschaftlichen Diskussion wird dieser Prozess unter Konzepten wie "Sport der medialen Moderne" und als "performative Wende" gegenüber einer individualistischen "Erlebnisgesellschaft" diskutiert.

Das sportliche Geschehen wird im Schausport wie im Fitness- und Gesundheitssport mit der Bühnenmetapher interpretiert, d. h., die Beteiligten stehen in der Arena und auf der Tribüne miteinander im Dialog, inszenieren sich selbst für andere. Auch im wettkampffreien Sport inszenieren sich die Akteure medial, in semiotischen Bewegungsmustern, Bodyshaping, Haarstyling, Kleidung, Tatoos etc. Bühne und Tribüne verweben sich miteinander, Akteure und Zuschauer changieren in ihren Rollen (Spielerjubel, Verletzungsposen, Fangesänge, plakative Choreografien). Sport und Theater (Musical, Film) kommen sich näher mit fließenden Übergängen. Sportgroßveranstaltungen werden "Gesamtkunstwerke", die neue Herausforderungen an Sportveranstalter wie die Branche der "Sport und Eventmanager" stellen. Der Band beleuchtet diesen Prozess in 19 Beiträgen aus ganz unterschiedlichen Perspektiven.
Lebensweltorientierter Schulsport
Authors: Zander Benjamin
Published: August 2020

Im Mittelpunkt der Dissertation stehen die beiden miteinander verbundenen Fragestellungen, wie sich das Verhältnis von Schule und außerschulischem Leben bestimmen und als Verhältnis von schulischem zum außerschulischen Sport im Sportunterricht gestalten lässt. Ausgehend von diesen Fragestellungen wird auf Theorien aus der Schulpädagogik, Sportpädagogik und den Sozialwissenschaften zurückgegriffen, um ein sozialisationstheoretisches Konstrukt und ein didaktisches Prinzip der Lebensweltorientierung zu entwickeln. Hiermit liefert die Dissertation eine Theorie zum lebensweltorientierten Schulsport, welche sowohl Wege für seine weitere Erforschung als auch für die konkrete Planung, Durchführung und Auswertung lebensweltorientierter Unterrichtsvorhaben aufzeigt.
Untersuchungen zur Bewegungsstruktur der Wettkampfübung Reißen
Authors: Sandau Ingo
Published: August 2020

Die Schnellkraftfähigkeit ist ein leistungsbegrenzender Faktor in den Wettkampfübungen des Gewichthebens. Zur Erhöhung der Schnellkraftfähigkeit im Gewichtheben werden im Trainingsprozess spezifische Trainingsübungen genutzt. Dieses Buch stellt einen methodischen Ansatz zu Beurteilung der potenziellen Wirkung einer spezifischen Trainingsübung auf die Wettkampfübung dar. Aus den gewonnen Ergebnissen werden praktische Empfehlungen für das Training im Gewichtheben abgeleitet und Vorschläge für die Optimierung der Trainingsgestaltung gegeben.
Emotionale Intelligenz im Sport
Authors: Laborde Sylvain , Furley Philip , Musculus Lisa , Ackermann Stefan
Published: August 2020

Was ist emotionale Intelligenz? Und welche Rolle spielt sie im Sport? In diesem Buch erklären die Autoren von der Deutschen Sporthochschule Köln detailliert das Konzept der emotionalen Intelligenz und beschreiben anschaulich deren Einfluss im Sport. Das Erkennen, Vermitteln und Regulieren der eigenen Emotionen, sowie der Emotionen anderer, im Wettkampf kann für den Spielausgang entscheidend sein! Als Startpunkt für eine gezielte Entwicklung der emotionalen Intelligenz enthält das Buch ein Diagnostikinstrument, um Stärken und Schwächen in verschiedenen Facetten der emotionalen Intelligenz zu ermitteln und anschließend gezielt zu fördern. Hierfür bietet das Buch zahlreiche praktische Übungen, die in verschiedenen Variationen sowohl mit Kindern und Jugendlichen als auch mit Erwachsenen eingesetzt werden können. Die Übungen und Tipps lassen sich nicht nur ins Individual- und Mannschaftstraining, sondern auch in den Schul- und Betriebssport einbauen.
Optimal Variability for Effective Motor Learning
Authors: Birklbauer Jürgen
Published: August 2020

This thesis addresses different manifestations and practical implementations of movement variability in respect to their beneficial effects on movement coordination and learning. The focal point of this topic is formed by the comparison between the contextual interference paradigm and the differential learning approach, representing two variable practice strategies found to improve motor learning performance under certain conditions. The theoretical backgrounds and empirical findings of each approach are thoroughly reviewed in the first part of this work. These theoretical concepts, and their resultant practical training approaches, arrive at the notion of an optimal magnitude and structure of movement variability that should be encouraged during practice. The second part of this work presents a parallelgroup study designed to contrast the effects of a high contextual interference and schema-based practice regime with two variants of differential training on the adoption of two indoor hockey skills in beginners.
Fusionskontrolle im Krankenhausmarkt
Authors: Mareck Claudia
Published: August 2020

Selbst gesundheitspolitisch geforderte Zusammenschlüsse von Krankenhäusern müssen kartellrechtliche Hürden nehmen. Dabei reguliert das umfassend von der Autorin dargestellte Krankenhausfinanzierungs- und -planungsrecht die Wettbewerbsparameter Preis, Menge und Qualität. Es werden kritisch die formellen und materiellen Anforderungen der Fusionskontrolle hinterfragt, insbesondere die sachliche und räumliche Marktabgrenzung des Bundeskartellamts. Der Anhang enthält die gesetzgeberische Entwicklung des Krankenhauswesens bis zum Jahr 2020. Die Autorin ist seit über 10 Jahren als Rechtsanwältin an der Schnittstelle zwischen Krankenhaus- und Kartellrecht tätig. Ein Mehrwert dieser wissenschaftlichen Arbeit liegt daher im praxisorientierten Ansatz.
Identité professionnelle en travail social : atteindre l’équilibre dans un contexte déséquilibrant
Authors: Pullen Sansfaçon Annie , Crête Josianne
Published: August 2020

Le travail social s’exerce aujourd’hui dans un contexte de plus en plus règlementé. Ce contexte pose l’exigence aux travailleuses sociales de se positionner entre les demandes organisationnelles et leurs valeurs professionnelles. Ceci peut avoir un impact sur leur identité professionnelle.Dans cet article, nous résumons les résultats de deux projets de recherche sur l’identité professionnelle en travail social au Québec et identifions un thème commun: le désir d’atteindre un équilibre dans des contextes de plus en plus technicisants et normalisants. Nous concluons en proposant un retour à l’éthique des vertus afin de favoriser une pratique éthique ancrée dans une identité professionnelle forte.
Concilier protection du public et admission de professionnels de la santé formés à l’étranger : enjeux relatifs à la mobilité internationale dans le cadre de l’entente de reconnaissance mutuelle Québec‑France
Authors: Bédard Jean-Luc , Zaidman Anna Maria
Published: August 2020

Les parcours des professionnels formés à l’étranger et désirant intégrer une profession réglementée, sont parsemés d’obstacles. Notre analyse porte sur le cas de médecins français arrivés au Québec par le biais des arrangements de reconnaissance mutuelle (ARM) Québec-France. Dans cet article, nous décrivons le rôle des diverses institutions engagées dans le processus de reconnaissance des acquis des médecins français. Ces institutions cherchent à faciliter la mobilité professionnelle, tout en ayant pour mandat la protection du public. Dans ce contexte, l’entrée en pratique s'avère complexe à obtenir, malgré la signature d'un ARM, notamment dû à la multiplicité des institutions et des acteurs engagés dans ce processus.
La credibilidad, en el punto de mira
Authors: Martínez Martínez Silvia
Published: August 2020

En los últimos años, la crisis de credibilidad ha sido tema recurrente en muchas conversaciones. Entre otros factores, la corrupción y los intereses ocultos y partidistas, han dañado la imagen y la confianza que los ciudadanos depositan en algunas instituciones y en sus representantes. Los medios de comunicación no han estado al margen de esta pérdida de crédito. En su caso, los efectos de la inestabilidad económica, la presencia de fuentes alternativas, las presiones externas e incluso la proliferación de las fake news, son algunos de los motivos que los convierten en el blanco de la desconfianza.
20 años del nacimiento de Google
Authors: Ollé Candela
Published: August 2020

¿Recuerdas cómo era tu vida hace veinte años —sin Google—? Tanto si eras estudiante, académico, comunicador o documentalista, ¿cómo era el día a día? Antes de seguir leyendo haz unos segundos de pausa y un pequeño retroceso en el tiempo. El acceso a la información no era inmediato, la consulta de enciclopedias y los viajes a la biblioteca debían ser frecuentes y la tipología y cantidad de fuentes de información utilizadas era totalmente diferente. Por otra parte, no dejábamos rastro digital y disfrutábamos de una mayor privacidad, aunque no teníamos la inmediatez, la rapidez y la respuesta a cualquier pregunta —como nos ha acostumbrado Google, aunque seguramente no obtenemos la mejor respuesta en la primera página de resultados.
El 'dircom' ante los deseos de cambio
Authors: Gurpegui Vidal Carlos
Published: August 2020

Comparto con agrado cómo la colección «Dircom» de Editorial UOC acaba de ser premiada con el sello de Calidad en Edición Académica (CEA-APQ), reconocimiento a la visión de nuestra universidad que pone el foco en una de las realidades clave de la comunicación. Soy de los que cree que cualquier entidad o comunidad es sensible a enriquecer sus dinámicas de información como si se tratara de un laboratorio de expresión, donde ensayar, innovar y reinventarse esté a la orden del día de los grupos. Humildad y autoconocimiento de las organizaciones para diseñar y desarrollar mejor cualquier plan de comunicación que pueda hacer brillar sus valores de marca.
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for a Recognizable Pattern of Somatic Dysfunction Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Mills Mandalyn , Sevensma Karlin , Serrano Jamie
Published: August 2020

Context

Previous literature has demonstrated the prevalence and socioeconomic impact of postoperative pain in surgery patients. Somatic dysfunction has been demonstrated as a cause, but literature documenting osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in surgery patients is lacking.

Objective

To describe typical patterns of and common treatments for somatic dysfunction in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods

The authors retrospectively reviewed the billing records of all patients over 18 years of age who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy by a single surgeon and had postoperative outpatient OMT for right-side pain linked to somatic dysfunction between 2006 and 2018 at a community hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Patients who underwent open cholecystectomy, who did not have documented somatic dysfunction, or had somatic dysfunction unrelated to their biliary disease were excluded.

Results

Nine patients were selected for inclusion in this retrospective case series. All patients in the study demonstrated anterior right lower rib pain corresponding to posterior lower rib dysfunctions and rotated right and side-bent left thoracic spine dysfunctions between T5 and T11. Pain was successfully managed with muscle energy, high-velocity, low-amplitude, or soft tissue OMT.

Conclusion

Postoperative pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be related to right-sided thoracic and rib dysfunctions. This is important for early diagnosis of surgical patients with somatic dysfunction and initiation of appropriate OMT to decrease morbidity related to pain, functional status, and quality of life.
HPLC profiling of selected phenolic acids and flavonoids in Salvia eigii, Salvia hierosolymitana and Salvia viridis growing wild in Jordan and their in vitro antioxidant activity
Authors: Al-Jaber Hala I. , Shakya Ashok K. , Elagbar Zaha A.
Published: August 2020

Background

Salvia eigii., Salvia hierosolymitana and Salvia viridis are native to the Mediterranean region, and are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many ailments. In the current investigation, the methanolic extracts obtained from the air dried aerial parts of S. eigii, S. hierosolymitana and S. viridis from Jordan were screened for their total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and their in vitro antioxidant activity. Additionally, the presence of four bioactive phenolic acids including gallic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B and other seven flavonoids including luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, rutin, nariginin, hesperidin and quercetin was determined using Liquid chromatography-Electron Spray Ionization-Tandom Mass Spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS).

Methods

Antioxidant activity of the obtained three extracts were examined via the DPPH•, ABTS• + radical scavenging methods in addition to Ferrous Ion Chelating (FIC) effect. TFC and TPC of the extracts were measured using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method and the Folin-Ciocalteau method, respectively. The presence and concentration of the selected 11 compounds was further determined through LC-ESI-MS/MS.

Results

The results indicated that three Salvia species had high total flavonoids content expressed in mg quercetin/g dry extract (S. heirosolymitana: 770.85 ±  5.26; S. eigii: 520.60 ±  6.24, S. viridis: 311.36 ±  4.41). S. heirosolymitana had the highest DPPH• activity (0.184 ±  1.22 × 10−2 mg/ml) and FIC effect (0.354 ±  0.018 mg/ml). S. heirosolymitana had slightly higher ABTS• + scavenging activity than S. eigii (0.176 ±  1.16 × 10−2 mg/ml; 0.183 ±  0.031 mg/ml, respectively). All 11 compounds were detected in the extracts of the three Salvia species. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside was detected in high concentration levels in the three species (1756.73, 21651.36, and 26125.14 mg/kg dry plant; S. eigii, S. hierosolyimitana and S. viridis, respectively), yet rosmarinic acid had the highest contribution to both S. hierosolymitana (27124.93 mg/kg) and S. eigii (15783.33 mg/kg). Notably, S. hierosolymitana and S. viridis contained salvianolic acid B (896.11; 890.9 mg/kg).

Conclusions

The three Salvia species exhibited good antioxidant activity, especially S. heirosolymitana due to its high TPC, TFC, and the presence of high concentration levels of romarinic acid and other phenolic acids and flavonoids. This is the first phytochemical and antioxidant evaluation of S. eigii, S. hierosolymitana and S. viridis from Jordan. Prior to this investigation, no phytochemical investigation on S. eigii was reported.
Increased BMI and Waist Circumference are Related to Increased DNA Damage in Women with Overweight and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Talon Lidiana de Camargo , Ferraz Ana Paula Costa Rodrigues , Pierine Damiana Tortolero , Minatel Igor Otávio , Garcia Jéssica Leite , Nogueira Vânia dos Santos Nunes- , Ferron Artur Junio Togneri , Santos Klinsmann Carolo dos , Ferron Fabiane Valentini Francisqueti- , Corrêa Camila Renata
Published: August 2020

Aims: To test if the level of oxidative stress is different in women with overweight and with metabolic syndrome.

Study Design:  Cross- sectional.

Place and Duration of Study: Endocrinology Clinic of the Botucatu Medical School- UNESP, between March 2013 and March 2014.

Methodology: Eighty women (31.15 ± 7.91 years old) attended at the Endocrinology Clinic of the Botucatu Medical School- UNESP composed this study.  According to the body mass index (BMI) they were divided in 3 groups: Group 1 (G1, n=36 eutrophic); Group 2 (G2, n=21 overweight) and Group 3 (G3, n=23 women with MS-Metabolic syndrome). It was evaluated: dietary intake of macro and micronutrients dietary; antioxidant capacity (HAC) of plasma and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA); carotenoids, retinol and α-tocopherol in peripheral lymphocytes and the comet assay.

Results: Damage to DNA, oxidized purines and the levels of MDA didn’t differ between women with overweight and with metabolic syndrome but they are higher than those in the control group. Correlation was positive for BMI and waist circumference (WC) with damage to DNA. Linear regression showed that higher consumption of protein and sodium is related to damage to DNA and both carotenoids and omega- 3 are protectors.

Conclusion: Damage to DNA occurs independent of overweight or obesity and WC could be a predictor for damage to DNA.
High Levels of Major Components and Antioxidant Activity of Fermented Tea Treated with Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris
Authors: Saito Kieko , Nakamura Yoriyuki
Published: August 2020

Tea is a popular drink all over the world and has been attracting attention for its beneficial health effects. We developed a fermented tea by processing it with an exopolysaccharides-producing lactic acid bacterium, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, in order to manufacture high-quality tea with a physiological function. Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoriswas added to tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) and fermented for two weeks. To examine the progress of fermentation, we determined the change in pH as well as the contents of ascorbic acid and folic acid in the extract of leaves. Decreases in ascorbic and folic acids were identified, but pH only slightly changed during fermentation, showing a slower development of fermentation with lactic acid bacteria. Furthermore, we analyzed the extract’s components, such as catechins, amino acids, including theanine as the major amino acid, and caffeine. Although there were some fluctuations in contents, no significant change was seen over a period of two weeks. Fermentation had no effect on the degradation of these components, suggesting that they may be relatively stable. To investigate a potential physiological function, antioxidant activity was measured using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, (DPPH). Consequently, the results showed that the activity of the extracts was unaffected by fermentation until the seventh day, when it began to increase. Our results suggested that the fermented tea developed in this study, which maintained its key components of catechins, theanine and caffeine, exhibit a physiological function as a processed tea and a novel food material.
Characterization of Compounds in the Plant Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reissek during the Initial and Adult Development Stage
Authors: Alvarenga Wolfran Aparecido de , Coelho Érica Marusa Pergo , Sakai Otávio Akira , Andrich Filipe , Ogawa Camilla Yara Langer
Published: August 2020

Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. Ex Reissek, was first studied in the 60s, but only in the 80s and 90s were the studies were driven by scientific research that attributed medicinal properties to the plant, such as healing actions for human gastric diseases. In this work, a study was carried out on the characterization of the chemical composition of M. ilicifolia at different stages of development, using spectroscopic techniques of sustainable character, which do not require toxic solvents as previous preparations. Extracts from cotyledons, seedlings that have never been researched in the literature and leaf/stem were lyophilized to characterize the compounds present in this plant using photoacoustic and spectroscopy techniques in the Infrared spectroscopy using Fourier Transform-FTIR with ATR. The photoacoustic results show that there is a differentiation of development stages in the plant due to the greater presence of chlorophylls and terpenes in the seedlings and their absence in the cotyledon, which is characterized as the reserve part in the germination phase of the plant. The range of bands the literature reports for epigallocatechin and friedelin, the possible agents responsible for the medicinal effects of the plant were mainly seen in the cotyledon, thus demonstrating the use of the seedling in its initial stage, to extract and obtain these active components.
Nutritional Value of Two Underutilized Wild Plant Leaves Consumed as Food in Northern Angola: Mondia whitei and Pyrenacantha klaineana
Authors: Mawunu M. , Pedro M. , Lautenschläger T. , Biduayi F. M. , Kapepula P. M. , Ngbolua K. N. , Luyeye F. L. , Luyindula N.
Published: August 2020

Background/Aims: Traditional edible plants are good sources of minerals, fibers, proteins and others useful phytochemicals for human nutrition and health. Mondia whitei and Pyrenacantha klaineana leaves are underutilized, wild edible plants considered as food and spice in habitants in some part of Northern Angola. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional value and mineral contents of M. whitei and P. klaineana leaves.

Materials and Methods: The leaves were harvested from a forest. The samples were analyzed for proximate and mineral contents using the standard methods. The results were analyzed statistically using mean and standard deviation.

Results: The proximate composition of M. whitei raw and cooked leaves showed that the samples had ranged of ash, 9.53 - 12.93%, fiber 13.16 - 15.11%, protein 16.48 - 19.24%, fat 2.95 - 4.94%, carbohydrates 51.59 - 54.48% and energy (kcal) 310.39 - 326.10 in 100 g respectively. The proximate composition of P. klaineana raw and cooked leaves showed that the samples had range of ash, 4.13 - 6.74%, fiber 40.45 - 43.56%, protein 14.93 - 18.80%, fat 1.13 - 3.78%, carbohydrates 29.74 - 36.58% and energy (kcal) 217.77 - 227.88 in 100 g respectively. The mineral contents of the P. klaineana raw leaves, K 2459.20 mg, Ca 2126.33 mg, P 239.90 mg, Se 77.86 mg are richer than M. whitei raw leaves, K 1149.83 mg, Ca 844.87 mg, P 175.89 mg, etc. Conversely, the leaves of M. whitei are richer in Se 87.80 mg and Cu 3.14 mg/ 100 g than the P. klaineana (Se 77.86 and Cu 2.84 mg/100 g).

Conclusion: The wild edible leaves are rich in nutritional value and mineral composition such as fiber, protein, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, Mg, P, Se etc. The consumption of M. whitei and P. klaineana leaves should be vulgarized to nutrition, diversity diet and food security.
Potential stocks of reef fish‐based ecosystem services in the Kuroshio Current region: Their relationship with latitude and biodiversity
Authors: Sato Masaaki , Nakamura Yohei , Hori Masakazu
Published: August 2020

The latitudinal decline of species richness is a general spatial pattern of biodiversity, and it applies to marine species as well. Based on a latitudinal gradient of marine species richness, potential stocks of marine ecosystem services are expected to be higher in lower latitudes through increment in biodiversity. However, little is known about the relationships of the marine ecosystem services with latitude and biodiversity. We estimated the latitudinal patterns and relationships with the biodiversity of potential stocks of three major reef fish‐based ecosystem services (fisheries production, aquarium fish production, and recreational diving) at ten coral habitats from tropical to temperate zones in the Kuroshio Current region (8°37′N–33°24′N) using field survey data and information from relevant websites and administrative statistics. We found a latitudinal declin from south to north in potential stocks of aquarium fish production and diving in this region, whereas the peaks of fisheries production were found around both tropical and sub‐tropical zones. Our results also showed strong positive effects of biodiversity on potential stocks of the three ecosystem services, highlighting the importance of conserving diverse fish species to sustain multiple services at high levels. Broad spatial patterns of the reef fish‐based ecosystem services are useful as baselines for future evaluation of their changes. As the effects of climate change on reef fishes are predicted to vary among different latitude zones, our estimates of the ecosystem services infer specific management and economic actions for the respective zones against climate change.
Performance of the New 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Children and Young Adults
Authors: Aljaberi Najla , Nguyen Kim , Strahle Catherine , Merritt Angela , Mathur Arjun , Brunner Hermine I.
Published: August 2020

Objective

To compare the diagnostic usefulness of the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to that of the 1997 ACR classification criteria for SLE when applied to youths (age ≤21 years) with SLE.

Methods

Data were extracted from electronic health records of patients followed at a large academic pediatric hospital. The treating rheumatologist’s diagnosis of SLE served as the standard criterion for identifying SLE patients (cases). Controls were patients with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM), juvenile scleroderma, or juvenile systemic sclerosis (SSc). The 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria and the 1997 ACR criteria were tested against the standard criterion.

Results

A total of 112 SLE patients ages 2–21 years and 105 controls ages 1–19 years (66% juvenile DM, 34% juvenile scleroderma or juvenile SSc) were available for analysis. The 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria had significantly higher sensitivity (85% versus 72%; P = 0.023) and similar specificity (83% versus 87%; P = 0.456) than the 1997 ACR criteria. The mean ± SD 2019 EULAR/ACR classification summary scores were significantly higher among non‐White than White patients (22.41 ± 10.04 versus 17.59 ± 9.19; P < 0.01). The sensitivity of the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria in non‐White/White patients was 92%/80% (P = 0.08) versus 83%/64% (P < 0.02) for the 1997 ACR criteria. The sensitivity of the 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria was not affected by age or sex.

Conclusion

The 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria efficiently classify youths with SLE, irrespective of age, sex, and race. Compared to the 1997 ACR criteria, the new criteria are significantly more sensitive and similarly specific in youths with SLE.
Superparamagnetic Manganese Ferrite and Strontium Bioactive Glass Nanocomposites: Enhanced Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Properties for Hyperthermia Application
Authors: Tripathi Himanshu , Pandey Gaurav Chandra , Dubey Ashutosh , Shaw Subham Kumar , Prasad Nand Kishore , Singh S. P. , Rath Chandana
Published: August 2020

Herein, the strontium bioactive glass with ferrite composites is studied for the application of biocompatibility and magnetic hyperthermia. The bioactive glass SrBG (46.1SiO2–21.9CaO–24.4Na2O–2.6P2O5–5SrO) prepared by the melt quench technique at 1400 °C and manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) prepared by the modified microwave reflux oven are mixed together and sintered at 400 °C for 6 h for making composites. The in vitro bioactivity of these composites is observed by immersing in simulated body fluid (SBF). The growth of the precipitated hydroxyapatite phase observed after SBF treatment is confirmed by the X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results. The in vitro cell viability assessment of these composites with MG‐63 cell lines indicates that the composites are biocompatible in nature. Furthermore, these composites show the antibacterial effect on the E. coli and S. Aureus bacteria cells. The room temperature superparamagnetic behavior accompanied by the heating ability in these composites proves their potential role for hyperthermia applications.
NiCo2O4‐Based Nanosheets with Uniform 4 nm Mesopores for Excellent Zn–Air Battery Performance
Authors: Yin Jie , Jin Jing , Liu Hongbo , Huang Bolong , Lu Min , Li Jianyi , Liu Hanwen , Zhang Hong , Peng Yong , Xi Pinxian , Yan Chun‐Hua
Published: August 2020

Herein, a strategy is reported for the fabrication of NiCo2O4‐based mesoporous nanosheets (PNSs) with tunable cobalt valence states and oxygen vacancies. The optimized NiCo2.148O4 PNSs with an average Co valence state of 2.3 and uniform 4 nm nanopores present excellent catalytic performance with an ultralow overpotential of 190 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and long‐term stability (700 h) for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. Furthermore, Zn–air batteries built using the NiCo2.148O4 PNSs present a high power and energy density of 83 mW cm−2 and 910 Wh kg−1, respectively. Moreover, a portable battery box with NiCo2.148O4 PNSs as the air cathode presents long‐term stability for 120 h under low temperatures in the range of 0 to −35 °C. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the prominent electron exchange and transfer activity of the electrocatalyst is attributed to the surface lower‐coordinated Co‐sites in the porous region presenting a merging 3d–eg–t2g band, which overlaps with the Fermi level of the Zn–air battery system. This favors the adsorption of the *OH, and stabilized *O radicals are reached, toward competitively lower overpotential, demonstrating a generalized key for optimally boosting overall OER performance.
A Phenol‐Amine Superglue Inspired by Insect Sclerotization Process
Authors: Wang Younseon , Jeon Eun Je , Lee Jeehee , Hwang Honggu , Cho Seung‐Woo , Lee Haeshin
Published: August 2020

Exoskeletons of insects formed by sclerotization processes exhibit superstrong properties in moduli. Here, it is demonstrated that mimicking the sclerotization process using phenol and polyamine molecules unexpectedly results in a 100% ecofriendly, biocompatible waterborne superglue. Oxygen presented in air and dissolved in water acts as an initiator producing phenolic radical/quinone for superglue curing. Despite synthesis‐free uses of water, phenol, and polyamine, its adhesion strength is comparable to commercial epoxy glue showing >6 MPa in lap shear strength. The phenol‐amine superglue bonds to various substrates including ceramics, woods, fabrics, plastics, metals, and importantly biological tissues. Due to strong adhesion, the superglue effectively seals wounds within a few seconds, and, due to its waterborne nature, no harmful respiratory effect is observed because of any release of volatile organic compounds. The easy, cost‐effective preparation of the phenol‐amine superglue can revolutionize varieties of industrial, biomedical, daily life processes.