bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of red clover genotypes on the basis of morphological markers
Authors: Radinovic Irena , Vasiljevic Sanja , Zoric Miroslav , Brankovic Gordana , Zivanovic Tomislav , Prodanovic Slaven
Published: February 2019

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is an important forage legume of temperate
regions dominantly used as a source of animal food. The present research
aimed at assessment of genetic diversity based on morphological markers,
through the analyses of five morphological markers in a collection of 46 red
clover genotypes. These morphological markers were screened according to the
UPOV descriptor (2001) in the trial laid out in a randomized complete block
design with three replications. The traits analyzed and investigated were:
time of flowering, growth habit, density of hairs, leaf color and intensity
of white marks. The average value of Shannon's diversity index for five
morphological markers amounted 0.711. Homogeneity analysis (HOMALS) of the
same five descriptors accounted for 71.2% of the total variation of the
standardized data, with the first and second axis explaining 38.4% and 32.8%
of the morphological variability, respectively. Based on this analyses all
red clover genotypes were grouped into seven homogeneous groups in
two-dimensional space, thus providing visualization of genotypes diversity
based on their morphological traits. UPGMA cluster analysis of the same
morphological markers allowed the description of four groups with genetic
distances represented by the simple matching coefficient of similarity
ranging from 0.00 to 1.00. Observed results achieved by these two analyses
were compared and although both of analyses were successful in grouping and
discrimination of red clover genotypes with some similarities and
differences, priority in future breeding programs was given to the HOMALS.
Denge Kontrol Sisteminin LQR ile Gerçek Zamanlı Durum Geri Beslemeli Kontrolü
Authors: KİZİR Selçuk
Published: February 2019

Bu
çalışmada tahterevalli sistemi olarak da bilinen eksik tahrikli bir denge
kontrol düzeneğinin durum geri besleme yöntemi ile kontrolüne yönelik deneysel
sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Sistem ağırlık merkezinden sabitlenmiş ve serbestçe
dönebilen iki koldan oluşmaktadır. İki kol arasında doğrusal bir ray ve ray
üzerinde hareket edebilen bir araba ile denge kontrolü sağlanmaktadır. Sistem
doğrusal olmayan yapısı ve kararsız olması nedenleriyle kontrol laboratuvarlarında
ve derslerinde eğitsel ve araştırma amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Sistemin
matematiksel modeli verilmiş ve tam durum geri besleme yöntemi ile gerçek
zamanlı sistem üzerinde denge kontrolü başarılı bir şekilde
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tasarlanan denetleyici ARM tabanlı bir geliştirme kiti
üzerinde hızlı kontrol prototiplemesi yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Sisteme
çeşitli bozucu etkiler uygulanmış ve denetleyicinin bu etkilerin üstesinden
gelebildiği gözlemlenmiştir.
Hareketli Hedefli - Heterojen Filolu İHA Rotalama Problemi İçin Yeni Bir Çözüm Yaklaşımı
Authors: UÇAR Ukbe Üsame , İŞLEYEN Selçuk Kürşat
Published: February 2019

Savunma sanayinde yaşanan
teknolojik gelişmeler, ülkeleri robotik sistemlere dayalı askersiz ordular
oluşturmaya yönlendirmektedir. Hedeflerin anlık olarak gözetlenmesi, takibi,
tespiti ve imhasında, insansız hava araçlarının yoğun bir şekilde kullanmasıyla
beraber, operasyon alanında farklı özelliklere sahip hava araçlarından
hangilerinin seçileceği ve etkin bir şekilde nasıl rotalanacağı, önemli ve zor
bir problem olarak ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmada filo halinde hareket eden
silahlı ve silahsız insansız hava araçlarının kapasite ve zaman penceresi
kısıtları dikkate alınarak hareket halindeki hedefleri etkisiz hale getirmesi
için sezgisel algoritmaya dayalı çok kriterli bir çözüm yaklaşımı
önerilmiştir.  Hedef ve vurucuların
önceliklendirilmesinde Analitik Hiyerarşik Proses yönteminden yararlanılmış,
İHA’ lara ait uçuşların belirli bir maliyete sahip olması, gereksiz kullanılan
İHA’ ların bakım-onarım maliyetini ve arıza riskini artırması, operasyon
alanında fazla sayıda İHA kullanılmasının düşman unsurlarını uyandırması ve
İHA’ lara karşı savunma tedbirleri almaya yönlendirmesi nedenlerinden dolayı
kısa bir çözüm süresi içinde tüm hedeflerin minimum sayıda araç ile imha
edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Algoritmanın etkinliği, vurucu sayısının 10 ile 50,
hedef sayısının 40 ile 200 arasında değiştiği 25 farklı senaryo üzerinde test
edilmiş, sonuç olarak kabul edilebilir çözüm süresi içerisinde tüm hedeflerin
belirtilen öncelik sırasına göre minimum sayıda araçla imha edildiği tespit
edilmiştir. Önerilen yöntemin filo halinde hareket eden farklı özelliklere
sahip (heterojen) insansız hava araçlarının etkin bir şekilde rotalanmasına
katkıda bulunduğu görülmüştür.
Heterojen Medikal IoT Verilerinin Depolanmasında İlişkisel Olmayan Veritabanına Dayalı Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: POLAT Hüseyin , OYUCU Saadin
Published: February 2019

Modern medikal cihazlar, her türlü
temel medikal veriyi üretme ve iletebilme kabiliyetine sahip olmuşlardır. Bu
cihazlar, birbirleriyle veri paylaşabilir veya bulutta merkezi bir platforma
veri gönderebilir. Sağlık endüstrisinde yeni trend, her zaman ve her yerden
erişilebilecek şekilde, buluttan sunulan elektronik medikal kayıtlarla entegre
bir tıbbi izleme sisteminin oluşturulmasıdır. Hacmi gittikçe artan heterojen
medikal verilerin düşük maliyetle, hızlı ve güvenli bir şekilde veritabanı
sisteminde depolanması, verilerin aktarılması, paylaşılması ve
görselleştirilmesi esastır. Bu çalışmada heterojen medikal verileri
algılayıcılardan toplamak, verileri görselleştirmek ve depolamak için farklı
veritabanı sistemlerini kullanabilecek şekilde bir medikal Nesnelerin İnterneti
(medical Internet of Things – mIoT) platformu gerçekleştirilmiştir. mIoT
platformu üzerinde dört farklı veritabanı modeli dört farklı senaryo ile test
edilmiştir. Bu senaryolarda mIoT platformunda kullanılan veritabanı
modellerinin performansları; sorgu süresi, veri hazırlığı, esneklik, güvenlik
ve ölçeklenebilirlik parametreleri göz önüne alınarak karşılaştırılmıştır. mIoT
platformunda kullanılan ilişkisel olmayan veritabanı modelinin (NoSQL: Not only
Structured Query Language) okuma/yazma işlemlerinde ilişkisel veritabanı
modellerine göre daha verimli çalıştığı, performansının, esnekliğinin ve
ölçeklenebilirliğinin ilişkisel veritabanı sistemlerine göre daha iyi olduğu
gözlemlenmiştir.
A Mulher encarcerada: estigma e justiça
Authors: Nogueira Porto Dora , Raichtaler do Valle Ida
Published: February 2019

Os conflitos sociais gerados na questão da desigualdade da sociedade brasileira vão aparecer de forma ampliada se o foco for a mulher encarcerada. O Estado para traçar qualquer política pública adequada precisa de dados fidedignos desta área. Bauman chama atenção para o crescimento do “mundo dos excluídos”. Isto é mais grave quando se trata do problema do gênero. A igualdade de sexo envolve modificações muito lentas e que dependem de transformações profundas que implicam em modificações que atingem elementos culturais. Muitas das mulheres estão relacionadas ao tráfico de drogas de forma indireta – presas ao tentar levar para seus companheiros encarcerados a droga ou vinculadas a pequenos roubos relacionados a sobrevivência familiar. O estigma desta mulher que veio a ser presa é violento pois uma vez no presídio elas são abandonadas e esquecidas pelos seus respectivos familiares. Aquelas que são presas e estão gravidas e porventura venham dar luz enquanto cumprem sua pena correm o e risco de não voltar a ver os seus bebês. Engels nos diz que a desigualdade de sexo foi o primeiro antagonismo de classe presente na relação homem-mulher. A sociedade atual está fundada sobre a injustiça distributiva e carregada de estigmas entre os quais se encontra o da mulher. A violência urbana referida ao gênero atinge as mulheres brasileiras em geral é desproporcional às mais pobres que acaba envolvidas com questões de drogas e do crime além da violência doméstica e da violência das ruas.
Servitization meets sustainability
Authors: Correa Henrique Luiz
Published: February 2019

Companies that have traditionally sold physical products have begun to increase “services” offered alongside the product.  Sometimes businesses have even gone to the extreme of selling only the “benefit” of the physical good as a service, while retaining ownership of the service-supporting good, such as the Xerox copier in your office. This movement is frequently referred to as “servitization” (Baines et al. 2009), which is sometimes illustrated by the popular saying: “people don't want to buy a quarter-inch drill. They want a quarter-inch hole.” We argue that, with servitization, because the supplying company retain ownership of the physical good supporting the service provided, the company is incentivized to put increased efforts, from design to disposal of the physical good, into designing in processes that will maximize the value that can be recouped from the good after the end of its economic life. This would be consistent with efforts toward increased sustainability in supply chains. In the traditional transactional sale of physical goods companies does not have an incentive to make decisions aimed at keeping the value of the product throughout its economic life. Companies would not be interested in extending its economic life either, or even being concerned about how reusable, remanufacture-able, refurbish-able or recyclable the product is. This has implications for the level of environmental sustainability achieved.
An Alternative Approach to Linguistic Theories of Language Acquisition: Focus on The Cognitive Theory
Authors: El-Dali Hosni M.
Published: February 2019

Although linguistics provides a useful perspective on L2 learning, it must be remembered that linguistics is only one of the disciplines that SLA research can draw on.  With this in mind, this study provides a thumbnail sketch of some currently prevalent theories which try to explain how foreign languages are learned.  It, also, spells out some alternatives to the linguistics-based approach to foreign language acquisition research.  More specifically, some limitations of linguistic theories in addressing the role of mental processes in L2 acquisition are identified and recent theoretical developments in cognitive psychology that can be applied to L2 acquisition are outlined. Moreover, this study reports the results of an empirical investigation carried out by the author on 200 Egyptian University students enrolled in the department of English, Faculty of education, Minufiya University. They were divided into two groups according to their academic status: 1) Beginners (N=100); and 2) Advanced learners (N=100). It attempts to answer three interrelated questions: 1) to what extent does the advanced students’ performance in listening tasks differ from that of the beginning students before and after training? 2) how can two types of training (intensive listening vs. improving learners’ linguistic skills) affect L2 learners’ listening comprehension skill?, and 3) what does students’ performance, before and after the training, tell us about their abilities to transfer?  The instruments used are (1) pre-test; (2) classroom instruction sessions; (3) post-test, and (4) interviews. The data analysis has a quantitative and a qualitative, interpretative part.  Results are obtained and discussed, and pedagogical applications are suggested.
Gender Tendency Towards Using Taboo Words Among University Students
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad Javad , Eini Roumiani Milad , Hekmatshoar Tabari Bizhan
Published: February 2019

There are many factors which affect the language using and language choosing in every society. One of these factors is the controversial factor of gender and its effect on language using and the elements of language used in community and society. To expand the scope of gender-bound language, the current study intends to investigate the use of taboo words among the university students by both genders. To this aim, 40 students, 20 males and 20 females were selected to be compared using a researcher made 15 items questionnaire questioning the participants about using taboo words in specific situations. The results reveal that using taboo words by two groups is not of significant difference except in some situations.
Is Computer Assisted Language Learning Effective in Improving Learning Vocabulary among Iranian EFL Students?
Authors: Janfaza Abusaied , Rezaei Yousof , Soori Afshin
Published: February 2019

The current study tried to investigate the impacts of using Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) on the development of vocabulary in comparison to the traditional method of vocabulary instruction by using the printed text materials among Iranian EFL students in a language institute in Jiroft, Iran. To conduct the study, 40 students were selected. Thus, the students were randomly divided into two equal groups of 20 students in each group, an experimental and a control group. A pre-test which was a vocabulary test was administered to all participants. The results of t-test revealed that there was no significant difference between in terms of vocabulary knowledge. The students in the experimental group had 12 sessions of instruction. They used CALL. The control group had the same hours of instruction, but the instruction was on paper and they didn't receive any audio-visual features. The result of paired sample t-test between pre-test and post-test indicated that there was a significant difference between the performance of the experimental and control groups in vocabulary knowledge. The vocabulary knowledge of the participants improved through CALL instruction.
Iranian Language Teachers and Students Perspectives on Total English Series at Intermediate Level
Authors: Azadsarv Mehdi , Taghvaee Mohammad , Zangoei Ali
Published: February 2019

As the means of transferring knowledge between teachers and students, coursebooks play a significant role in educational practices all over the world. Evaluation of coursebooks is also of great significance as it manages to a better understanding of the nature of a specific teaching/learning situation. The present study is an attempt to evaluate Total English coursebook from both Iranian EFL learners and teachers perspectives. Ninety three students and 20 teachers participated in this study. Fifty one of the students and 11 of the teachers were male and 42 of the students and nine of the teachers were female. The range of teachers' experience of teaching the coursebook was between 2-4 years and the range of students' experience of studying the coursebook was between 1-3 years. The data collection took place in three language institutes of Gilan and Mazandaran provinces. The coursebook, evaluated based on modified version of Cunningsworth's (1995) checklist, was the intermediate level of Total English. It was evaluated by both students and teachers based on administering written questionnaires. In order to triangulate the gathered data, 25 percent of the teachers and 10 percent of the students attended an interview session. Data analysis indicated that strength of Total English from teachers' perspective was culture and from students' point of view were visuals as well as practice and testing. Moreover, from students' perspective, the primary shortcoming of the coursebook was phonology.
Economics crisis lexicon: for a didactic and lexical approach in French foreign language
Authors: AULITTO Sabrina , Bidai Yasmine
Published: February 2019

This study presents a brief description of the French linguistic lexicon of the economic and financial crisis. It offers two levels of analysis: the first character in teaching French as a foreign language (FFL) and the second proposes a lexical analysis.
L’IMPORTANCE DE LA CULTURE ET DES TEXTES LITTÉRAIRES DANS LA TRADUCTION LA CULTURE DEVRAIT-ELLE ÊTRE TRADUITE ?
Authors: AL AUBALI Dr. Fatima , Sana Sana
Published: February 2019

Le truisme dans les études relatives à la traduction est le dilemme entre la culture de la langue d’origine et la culture de la langue cible. Le traducteur qui s’y consacre pour mener à bien son devoir, doit en premier lieu reconnaitre le type de textes à traduire. Reconnaissant le type de textes, le traducteur sera en mesure de s’attaquer aux cultures une fois qu’il/elle décide de choisir le type du texte. Ainsi, cet article présente une étude descriptive de la traduction de textes littéraires de l’anglais en arabe et en français, en utilisant différentes scènes tirées des œuvres de Shakespeare qui ont été traduites par des traducteurs éminents dans ces deux dernières langues. Cet article décrit les études de fond, des contextes et des procédures de recherche ainsi que les différentes approches de la traduction. Il aborde ensuite certaines questions de recherche à savoir :1- La traduction sera-elle acceptée par la nouvelle communauté de lecteurs ?2- En quoi la relation entre la culture et la traduction est-elle importante ?Il est donc impératif de sonder la littérature de Goethe jusqu’à nos jours. Selon cette enquête, les paramètres des études de traduction dépassent les limites de la langue pour inclure des types de textes, les fonctions de la culture de la langue d’origine à celle de la langue cible. Les théoriciens de la traduction ont montré leur intérêt dans les aspects culturels de la traduction dès le 19e siècle. Cela implique que le but de la traduction est d’enrichir la langue cible à la fois culturellement et linguistiquement. Afin d’éviter les malentendus, les traducteurs doivent faire non seulement attention au contenu lexical, et syntaxique mais aussi aux idéologies, aux valeurs, ainsi qu’aux modes de vie relatifs impactés par la culture abordée. Par conséquent, les traducteurs doivent bien connaitre leurs publics lecteurs.Mots-clés : culture – traduction – sémiotique – familiarisation – étrangéisation - source (origine)
A sociolinguistic study: a contrastive analysis of the advertisements of private and public institutions in Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Anser , Hafsa Ghulam , Zahra Irum , Tallat Maha
Published: February 2019

It is a qualitative study and aims at providing an in depth analysis of promotional discourse in academic settings, with the focus on the analysis of powerful and hegemonic use of language to publicize, persuade and to hit specific audience, who aspire high to become iconic managers in competitive economic world.

Â Furthermore, the analysis of interdiscursivity as a sign of social change and transitional period. In order to analyze the commercialization of academic discourse of private intuitions of Pakistan, the contrastive analysis, of the advertisements of a private and a public institution, is focused to  highlightÂ  that the promotional and consumer discourse places consumption in the central position, in the life of people. The comparative analysis of public and private sector not only highlights the marketizing effect on private sector, but also confirms that public institutions in Pakistan still preserve scholarly and academic discourse. They need not to promote and publicize themselves as the previous result and the fame of the institution are the proof of quality edducatin.As it is a sociolinguistic study so, the analysis also reflects the social post modernity transitional period of Pakistani society.
The Adverb - Miss Grace of the elegance of our identity
Authors: Botezatu Liuba Constantin
Published: February 2019

A human being transcends into the world of continuous existence from the moment when he enters and is correctly oriented to engage himself to the work of self-awareness like a plenary-potential value creating of new values. He (human being) continuously feels the need of awareness/ self-exteriorization, especially the necessity of expression of his congenital- divinatory abilities. Otherwise, the externalization of oneself, as a formative purpose to the scale of divination, marks from the beginning the perspective of his optimal performances. And, if we are saying that the being is language, then we have to recognize the unanimity of the interpretative functions. The functions of interpretative art of the Moldovan Romanian peoples genius were always Messianic ones - of formatting an ideal Temple between the two enigmas: L. Blagas format - MAN, Horizon of Mysteries and ours MAN, Horizon of Great Virtues.
Needs for Changes of teaching and learning English
Authors: Yoon Tecnam
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this editorial article is intended to provide pre- and in-service teachers with useful suggestions in terms of teaching English in an EFL setting. Because learners of today take in and process information in very different ways, ways of teaching or instructing needs to be deifferntiated accordingly. In fact, there is no doubt that learners academic performance and efficacy towards learning is mostly determined by teaching styles of a teacher. In other words, effets or results of learning may be varied based on teaching method. In terms of English education, both pre- and in-service English teachers, therefore, should consider which methods may fit well into the class in order for learners to fulfill the ultimate goals of learning English. This paper proposes how and why to adapt computer assisted learning.
Architectonic Quality of Industrial Log Architecture in the Scope of Tectonics – Learning from Architectural Competitions
Authors: Lakkala Matti , Pihlajaniemi Janne
Published: February 2019

Log is a highly topical building material. Despite the current potential of log, large-scale log buildings of high architectonic quality are rare. By increasing understanding of the architectonic quality of industrial log building, the quality of future log buildings can be enhanced. Our research data is based on the outcomes of two recent architectural competitions and interviews related to these. Methodology combines semi-structured interviews with research by design. The results describe, in the scope of tectonics, architectonic features that are essential for architectonic quality of a log building and are revealing of log structures, acknowledging the preconditions of log in the design, and making secondary design solutions characteristic for log. The results are coherent with ideals of tectonic theory.
Is conscious will an illusion?
Authors: Zhu Jing
Published: February 2019

In this essay I critically examine Daniel Wegner’s account of conscious will as an illusion developed in his book The Illusion of Conscious Will (MIT Press, 2002). I show that there are unwarranted leaps in his argument, which considerably decrease the empirical plausibility and theoretical adequacy of his account. Moreover, some features essential to our experience of willing, which are related to our general understanding of free will, moral responsibility and human agency, are largely left out in Wegner’s account of conscious will. This substantially diminishes its implications and significance for some profound philosophical issues.
Связанные с урбанизацией факторы заболеваемости сахарным диабетом первого типа
Authors: Сопрун Л.А. , Акулин И.М. , Утехин В.И. , Гвоздецкий А.Н. , Чурилов Л.П.
Published: February 2019

Большая часть населения сейчас живет в городских условиях. Профиль загрязнений городской среды изменяется под влиянием автомобильного дорожного комплекса (АДК). Его важнейшим загрязняющим продуктом служат твердые пылевые частицы, в состав которых входят алюмосиликы. Многие соединения алюминия известны как адъюванты, усиливающие иммунный ответ, в том числе на аутоантигены. Сахарный диабет 1-го типа (СД1) – аутоиммунное заболевание. Цель работы – изучить с данных использованием геоинформационных систем (ГИС) особенности медицинской географии СД1 в России и выявить связанные с урбанизацией факторы повышения заболеваемости. Такой подход для исследования распространенности аутоиммунных болезней ранее не применялись. Исследована заболеваемость СД1 в 83 регионах Российской Федерации в 2008-2017 гг. Отмечены более чем 20-кратные различия между регионами РФ по заболеваемости СД1. Самая высокая она в Псковской области (77,31 на 100 тыс. населения), самая низкая – в Республике Дагестан (3,56 на 100 тыс. населения). Установлены достоверные корреляции между заболеваемостью СД1, географической плотностью сети автомобильных дорог с твердым покрытием, ежегодным выбросом загрязняющих атмосферу веществ из стационарных источников и количеством автобусов на 100000 населения. Эффекты первых два факторов мультипликативные, эффект третьего аддитивен к ним.
Persepsi Penumpang Terhadap Pemilihan Low Cost Carrier (Studi Kasus Maskapai Indonesia Airasia)
Authors: Susanti Susanti
Published: February 2019

Skytrax pada Tahun 2014 telah merilis hasil penilaian penumpang dari seluruh dunia dan menempatkan maskapai AirAsia sebagai maskapai low cost carrier atau maskapai berbiaya murah terbaik di duniasebanyak 6 (enam) kali berturut-turut. Penelitian ini berusaha menggali faktor apa saja yang memiliki peran penting yang mempengaruhi persepsi penumpang Indonesia AirAsia dalam memilih maskapai tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi penumpang LCC dalam memilih maskapai AirAsia di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi penumpang LCC dalam memilih maskapai AirAsia Indonesia ditentukan oleh faktor produk sebesar 57,22%, faktor pelayanansebesar 8,66% dan faktor personel atau petugas maskapai sebesar 6,68%.
Genetic and antigenic characterisation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses isolated in Yokohama during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 influenza seasons
Authors: Kawakami Chiharu , Yamayoshi Seiya , Akimoto Miki , Nakamura Kazuya , Miura Hideka , Fujisaki Seiichiro , Pattinson David J. , Shimizu Kohei , Ozawa Hiroki , Momoki Tomoko , Saikusa Miwako , Yasuhara Atsuhiro , Usuku Shuzo , Okubo Ichiro , Toyozawa Takahiro , Sugita Shigeo , Smith Derek J. , Watanabe Shinji , Kawaoka Yoshihiro
Published: February 2019

Background: Influenza A(H3N2) virus rapidly evolves to evade human immune responses, resulting in changes in the antigenicity of haemagglutinin (HA). Therefore, continuous genetic and antigenic analyses of A(H3N2) virus are necessary to detect antigenic mutants as quickly as possible.

Aim: We attempted to phylogenetically and antigenically capture the epidemic trend of A(H3N2) virus infection in Yokohama, Japan during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 influenza seasons.

Methods: We determined the HA sequences of A(H3N2) viruses detected in Yokohama, Japan during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 influenza seasons to identify amino acid substitutions and the loss or gain of potential N-glycosylation sites in HA, both of which potentially affect the antigenicity of HA. We also examined the antigenicity of isolates using ferret antisera obtained from experimentally infected ferrets.

Results: Influenza A(H3N2) viruses belonging to six clades (clades 3C.2A1, 3C.2A1a, 3C.2A1b, 3C.2A2, 3C.2A3 and 3C.2A4) were detected during the 2016/17 influenza season, whereas viruses belonging to two clades (clades 3C.2A1b and 3C.2A2) dominated during the 2017/18 influenza season. The isolates in clades 3C.2A1a and 3C.2A3 lost one N-linked glycosylation site in HA relative to other clades. Antigenic analysis revealed antigenic differences among clades, especially clade 3C.2A2 and 3C.2A4 viruses, which showed distinct antigenic differences from each other and from other clades in the antigenic map.

Conclusion: Multiple clades, some of which differed antigenically from others, co-circulated in Yokohama, Japan during the 2016/17 and 2017/18 influenza seasons.
THE COLLECTION OF POETRY “TOTURE CHAMBER. VINEYARD. HOME” BY KATERYNA KALYTKO: TEMPORAL ASPECTS O MEANING AHD FORM
Authors: Lavrynovych Liliia
Published: February 2019

The article investigates peculiarities of temporal motifs realization in K. Kalytko’s poetry collection “Torture Chamber. Vineyard. Home”. The concept of time in K. Kalytko’s works manifests itself in the portrayal of the past, present and future (where present stands for the space of anxiety; powerful emotional experience

“here-and-now”, even if the source of its experience is already in the past; precariousness of the future). The artistic semiotics of time in K. Kalytko’s works is closely associated with the mythopoetic images which have, in particular, Christian sources. The main motifs, which clustering around the temporal semantics,

are the motifs of kin, childhood, old age, traumatic memory, duration, love, death, eternity. The peculiar feature of K. Kalytko’s style is the presence of many tropes (mainly epithets, comparisons, metaphors) based on the poetic comprehension of temporal images.
Ferritik Paslanmaz Çeliğin Malzeme Yapısal Denklem Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi ve Doğrulanması
Authors: Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi
Published: February 2019

Paslanmaz çelikler; özellikle ferritik olanlar, yüksek korozyon direnci, yüksek ve düşük sıcaklık dayanımı,
mekanik mukavemet ve uzun süre dayanıklılık sebebiyle ısıya dayanıklı cihazlar, ev aletleri ve inşaat
malzemelerinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, AISI 430 ferritik paslanmaz çeliğin malzeme yapısal denklem
parametrelerinin (Johnson-Cook-JC), geyç uzunluğu değişimine bağlı olarak belirlenmesi ve istatistiksel olarak
doğrulanması amaçlanmıştır. Yedi farklı geyç uzunluğu (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 mm) ile çekme numuneleri
hazırlandıktan sonra, numuneler aynı deformasyon hızında (2 mm / sn) gerilme testlerine tabi tutulmuştur.
Burada, gerinim hızına bağlı olarak akma gerilmesinin değişimi incelenmiştir, çünkü deformasyon hızı sabit
tutulmuştur ve geyç uzunluğu değiştirilmiştir. Aynı cihaz üzerinde yarı statik ve dinamik çekme testleri
yapılmıştır. Malzemeler ayrıca, yüksek sıcaklıklarda akma gerilmelerinin değişimini gözlemlemek için referans
gerinim hızında farklı sıcaklıklarda çekme deneylerine tabi tutulmuştur. Aynı sıcaklıkta, gerinim hızının 0,2’den
0,4 s
-1
’e artırılması ile akma gerilmesi değerinin yaklaşık %5 arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, aynı çekme hızında
fırın sıcaklığının 300 °C‘den 600 °C‘ye çıkarılmasıyla akma gerilmesinin %27 azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu testler
sonucunda malzemenin JC parametreleri belirlenmiştir ve son olarak bu parametreler istatistiksel olarak
kanıtlanmıştır.
Kabuk Zincir Kod Histogramı Kullanılarak Şekil Tanıma
Authors: TUNA Haydar , DEMİRCİ Recep
Published: February 2019

Şekil bir nesnenin doğal sınırlarının insan beyninde oluşturduğu algı olarak tanımlanabilir. Şekil tanıma ise
herhangi bir nesnenin ait olduğu sınıfın daha önceden karşılaşılan ve hafızaya kaydedilen algılarla
karşılaştırılarak bulunmasıdır. Bilgisayarda şekil tanıma nesnelerin sınır veya bölge tabanlı şekil temsil
yöntemleriyle elde edilen özellik vektörlerinin karşılaştırılarak sınıflarının tespitidir. Sınır tabanlı özellik çıkarma
metotlarından biri olan zincir kodu sayısal görüntüdeki bir nesnenin sınır noktaları takip edilerek üretilen sembol
dizisidir. İlgili sembol kümesinin elemanları her yön için daha önceden belirlenmelidir. Şekil temsilinde
kullanılan zincir kodlarının en temel problemi ölçekleme veya döndürme işlemlerine karşı yeterince güçlü
olmamalarıdır. Başka bir ifade ile şekiller ölçeklendiğinde ya da döndürüldüğünde zincir kodlarının
uzunluklarının ve içeriklerinin değişmesidir. Bu nedenle şekillerin benzerlik karşılaştırılmasında farklı
uzunluklardaki sembol dizisinden oluşan zincir kodları yerine, normalize edilmiş zincir kod histogramı tercih
edilmektedir. Böylece sınır bilgileri sembol çeşidi ile orantılı olan sabit uzunlukta vektörlere dönüştürülerek
benzerlik hesaplaması yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada nesnelerin sınır noktalarında bulunan piksellerin kabuk
numaraları kullanılarak ölçeklenme ve döndürme işlemlerine karşı dayanıklı yeni bir zincir kod histogramı
önerilmiştir. Önerilen yöntemin döndürmeye karşı duyarlılığı Freeman 8 (FR8) zincir kod histogramıyla
deneysel olarak karşılaştırılmış ve elde edilen sonuçlar verilmiştir.
Arabidopsis thaliana’da yaprak senesensi sırasında SA (Salisilik Asit) uygulamasının gen anlatımı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: GÖREN SAĞLAM Nihal , ÖZ Gül
Published: February 2019

Yaprak senesensi birçok iç ve dış faktör tarafından kontrol edilen önemli bir gelişimsel süreçtir. İç faktörlerden
özellikle hormonların yaprak senesensi üzerine etkisi çok önemlidir. Salisilik Asit (SA) senesensi teşvik ettiği
bilinen ve bitki savunma mekanizmasında görev alan önemli bir bitki büyüme düzenleyicisidir. Bu çalışmada,
SA’nın yaprak senesensi üzerindeki etkisi gen anlatımı açısından incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla
Arabidopsis thaliana yapraklarına 27., 31. ve 35. günlerde SA uygulaması yapılmış ve günlük floresans
değişimleri takip edilmiştir. Gen anlatımını tespit edebilmek için uygulamalardan 4 saat sonra hasat edilen 8.
yapraklarda mikroarray analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SA’nın senesens sırasında gen anlatımında yaptığı
değişiklikleri ortaya koymaktadır.
Elektrikli Bir Aracın Sürme Sisteminin Denetimi
Authors: DOĞAN Muhsin , GÜVENÇ Uğur , ELMAS Çetin
Published: February 2019

Bu çalışmada elektrikli araçlarda kullanılan Sürekli Mıknatıslı Senkron Hub (SM-HUB) motorların hız kontrolü
gerçekleştirilmiştir. SM-HUB motorlar yapısı itibariyle Fırçasız doğru akım motorlara (FDAM) benzerlik
gösterse de rotor stator yapıları farklıdır. Klasik FDAM’larda rotor içerde iken bu tip motorlarda rotor dıştadır.
Bu nedenle bu tip motorların pozisyon ve hız kontrollerinde alan etkili pozisyon algılayıcıları ile
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yükleme sistemi kayış ile SM-HUB motorların birbirine bağlanması ile yapılmıştır. Bu tip
sistem doğrusal olmayan etkiye sahiptir. Sistemin uygulama sonuçlarının test edilmesi için TMS320F2812
sayısal işaret işlemci ile denetlenen bir SM-HUB motorun sürücüsü tasarlanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu sürücü
gerçek zamanlı olarak çalıştırılmış, farklı hız ve yük koşullarında istenen performansı sağladığı görülmüştür.
Análisis de las partículas en suspensión depositadas sobre vegetación arbórea en el noreste de México
Authors: Pequeño Ledezma Miguel Ángel , Alanís Rodríguez Eduardo , Aguirre Calderón Oscar Alberto , Molina-Guerra Víctor Manuel , Méndez Osorio Cuauhtémoc , Buendía Rodriguez Enrique , Sánchez Castillo Laura
Published: February 2019

Las actividades de remoción de vegetación generan un impacto notable de contaminación por material particulado sedimentable. El estudio de estas partículas en zonas cercanas a los trabajos de remoción permite una primera aproximación de carácter cuantitativa en áreas donde no existen registros del grado de afectación y la distribución de la misma para estudios de impacto ambiental. Los objetivos fueron evaluar el efecto en el tiempo trascurrido, entre la distancia de la zona de emisión y el rumbo del viento con respecto a la concentración de material particulado en la vegetación aledaña a la zona afectada. Se analizó las partículas en suspensión depositadas sobre la vegetación arbórea aledaña en diferentes periodos durante 2014 y 2015. Se muestrearon 18 árboles de tres especies distintas (Cordia boissieri, Acacia amentacea, Havardia pallens) a distancias de 100, 350 y 700 m en direcciones Noroeste y Sureste desde el área de remoción. El material cosechado, fue lavado, filtrado y pesado, determinándose la cantidad de material particulado sedimentable en relación con la materia seca foliar (gr. MPS/KG de MSF). En los muestreos de mayo del 2014 y febrero 2015 no se presentaron diferencias significativas, mientras que para septiembre de 2015 si se presentó diferencia, siendo la dirección sureste la que presentó mayor cantidad de material particulado sedimentado. Se concluye que el material analizado es inversamente proporcional al tiempo trascurrido de la remoción de vegetación, y se observa una mayor concentración de sedimentos en dirección a los vientos dominantes.
Efecto de la maleza como cobertera en la fertilidad del suelo y rendimiento de nogal pecanero
Authors: Martínez Díaz Gerardo
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la maleza como cobertera a largo plazo sobre la fertilidad del suelo y rendimiento del nogal pecanero Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch.  El trabajo se desarrolló en el cv Western de 32 años de edad, bajo riego por goteo, en la Costa de Hermosillo, Sonora. Los tratamientos consistieron en cobertera vegetal a base en maleza y el testigo limpio, los cuales se distribuyeron en un diseño de parcelas apareadas con cuatro repeticiones, con unidad experimental de tres árboles por hilera. En contenido de materia orgánica, pH y de la mayoría de nutrientes en el suelo, fue mayor en el tratamiento con cobertera que en el testigo (p<0.05) a los diez años de iniciado el trabajo, mientas que la salinidad del suelo no se modificó. El rendimiento promedio durante el periodo de evaluación fue similar (p<0.05) en ambos tratamientos. Los mayores cambios en el contenido de materia orgánica y concentración de nutrimentos ocurrieron en los primeros 30 cm de profundidad. Se registraron cambios en fertilidad y salinidad en el perfil del suelo, pero fueron independientes de la cobertera. Los resultados muestran que en huertas adultas de nogal pecanero la maleza puede utilizarse como cobertera para mejorar la calidad del suelo sin afectar el rendimiento del nogal pecanero.
Distribución de hongos asociados a pudriciones de raíz del garbanzo
Authors: Fierros Leyva Gustavo Adolfo , Acosta Gallegos Jorge Alberto , Ortega Murrieta Pedro Francisco , Padilla Valenzuela Isidoro , Álvarez Bravo Arturo , Ramírez Soto Milagros , Velarde Félix Sixto
Published: February 2019

En el noroeste de México, una de las limitantes para la producción de garbanzo son las enfermedades de la raíz ocasionadas por hongos del suelo. El identificar y determinar la distribución de esos hongos en áreas para sembrar garbanzo permitirá definir las de menor riesgo para el cultivo. Durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2012-13 se muestrearon y geoposicionaron en la Costa de Hermosillo 46 campos sembrados con garbanzo, se colectaron 221 muestras de plantas con síntomas de pudriciones de raíz, obteniéndose en el laboratorio 197 aislamientos fúngicos. Después de su purificación y clasificación, los aislamientos individuales presentaron las características morfológicas típicas de Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina y Rhizoctonia solani. Se elaboró un índice de riesgo por patógenos del suelo definido por el número de especies causando la enfermedad en cada sitio muestreado, y mapeo de distribución de cada patógeno. En 34 142 hectáreas potenciales del área agrícola (22.5%) el índice de riesgo fue bajo con una especie diferente aislada a través de los sitios de muestreo; con dos especies diferentes y consideradas como zonas de riesgo medio se detectaron 62 238 ha (41%). Como áreas de alto riesgo, en donde se encontró un complejo de tres patógenos en una superficie de 50 628 ha (33.3%) y con cuatro patógenos consideradas como áreas de muy alto riesgo 4 813 ha (3.2%). La especie de mayor frecuencia de aparición en la Costa de Hermosillo fue M. phaseolina con 41% en las muestras y en 77% de los campos muestreados.
La investigación científica en México: secuestro de carbono orgánico en suelos agrícolas y de agostadero
Authors: Zamora-Morales Bertha P. , Mendoza-Cariño Mayra , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora Ma. , Navarro Bravo Agustín , Quevedo Nolasco Abel
Published: February 2019

El carbono orgánico (CO) se relaciona con la sustentabilidad de los sistemas agropecuarios, cuyas actividades bajo prácticas inadecuadas, degradan los suelos. Este trabajo tuvo por objetivos: conocer la tendencia de la investigación científica en México, relacionada con la captura de CO en suelos agrícolas y de agostadero; y proponer líneas de estudio que respondan a las necesidades actuales de conocimiento. Se hizo una revisión sistemática en bases de datos en línea y en el acervo físico y digital de instituciones que estudian el tema, periodo 1990-2016. Se recopilaron 79 publicaciones, principalmente artículos científicos (64.6 %) y tesis (29.1 %), con notable incremento hacia la última década. El CO se estimó básicamente con técnicas analíticas, modelos computacionales y métodos matemáticos. Los estudios incluyeron varios enfoques: estimación de almacenes; fertilidad; dinámica del carbono; impactos de las prácticas de conservación del suelo y cambios de uso. El Colegio de Postgraduados sobresalió entre las instituciones que estudian el tema, por su número investigaciones. También, el estado de México y Tabasco por los estudios efectuados en sus territorios. Las investigaciones se difundieron en medios nacionales (59.6 %) e internacionales  (40.4 %).  El Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología y el Programa Mexicano del Carbono, así como los compromisos internacionales que ha adquirido México en materia de cambio climático, han apoyado y reorientado la investigación del tema que ocupa. Se propusieron líneas de estudio, entre ellas: la estandarización de metodologías analíticas, indicadores de captura de CO y de emisiones de CO2.
INTENSIDAD DE COLOR Y COMPUESTOS BIOACTIVOS EN COLECTAS DE CHILE GUAJILLO DEL NORTE DE MÉXICO.
Authors: Martinez Damián Maria Teresa , Cruz alvarez Oscar , Moreno Perez Esau del Carmen , Valle Guadarrama Salvador
Published: February 2019

Capsicum es una de las hortalizas con mayor importancia económica, por su nivel de consumo y área cultivada en México. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento de algunos aspectos físicos (color) y bioquímicos (vitamina C, antocianinas, fenoles totales y la capacidad antioxidante) materiales nativos de chile guajillo provenientes de los estados de Durango y Zacatecas, México. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el departamento de Fitotecnia de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. Se encontró que la colecta 19 presentó valores de saturación de color (° Hue) sobresaliente (173.05 °), el contenido de vitamina C fue mayor en las colectas 1, 6, 7, 9, 12-14, 16, 17, 19-22, 24 y 26-27 con valores promedio de 165.55 mg 100 g-1, el contenido de fenoles estuvo entre 129.54 a 40.0 mg ácido gálico 100 g-1. Con respecto a la capacidad antioxidante, sobresalieron las colectas 12, 14 y 16 con valores de 9759 y 10607 y 9902 µmol eq Trolox 100g -1, originarias de Vicente Guerrero, Durango y El Pardillo Segundo, Fresnillo, Zacatecas, respectivamente. Entre las colectas analizadas se pueden encontrar genotipos de interés desde el punto de vista funcional y que pueden ser útiles como caracteres de selección en mejoramiento genético.
RESPUESTA INDUCIDA A ENZIMAS ANTIOXIDATIVAS EN ARROZ BAJO ESTRÉS POR PLOMO Y NÍQUEL
Authors: Pérez Álvarez Sandra , Cabezas-Montero Daniel , Debora-Duarte Bernardo Nayar , Magallanes Tapia Marco Antonio , Sida-Arreola Juan Pedro , Sánchez Esteban , Héctor Ardisana Eduardo Fidel
Published: February 2019

El efecto del plomo (PbAc2) y el níquel (NiCl2) en el desarrollo de plantas de arroz y la actividad de enzimas antioxidantes, bajo las mismas condiciones experimentales, se evaluó utilizando cuatro concentraciones (0, 50, 100 y 300 mg.kg-1) y dos partes diferentes de la planta (raíces y hojas). La investigación se realizó de septiembre de 2010 a marzo de 2011 en la ESALQ en Brasil. Se determinaron por espectrofotocolorimetría las actividades de la superóxido dismutasa (SOD) y la glutatión reductasa (GR), y se utilizó la electroforesis en gel de poliacrilamida (PAGE) no desnaturalizante para identificar las isoenzimas de la SOD y la GR. Las plantas de arroz con los tratamientos de NiCl2 crecieron menos que las tratadas con PbAc2 en todas las concentraciones utilizadas excepto para el control. La actividad específica de la SOD fue superior en las raíces a 0 y 50 mg.kg-1 de NiCl2 y PbAc2. En las hojas la mayor actividad de esta enzima se detectó a 300 mg.kg-1 de ambos metales. El NiCl2 provocó incrementos significativos en la actividad de la GR en las raíces en todas las concentraciones con respecto al control; no se observaron diferencias con respecto al control en ninguno de los órganos analizados en presencia de PbAc2. En los geles de poliacrilamida se identificaron cuatro isoenzimas de la SOD (dos Mn y dos Fe) y cinco GR; la GR V se identificó como específica de los tejidos de las hojas con el metal pesado Ni.
Rancang Bangun Alat Peraga Fisika Berbasis Arduino (Studi Kasus Gerak Jatuh Bebas)
Authors: Kause Migdes C
Published: February 2019

Abstrak— Telah dilakukan rancang bangun alat peraga fisika pada kasus gerak jatuh bebas berbasis Arduino. Alat peraga yang telah dikembangkan bertujuan untuk memvisualisasikan fenomena gerak jatuh bebas dan mengukur percepatan gravitasi bumi dan membuktikan konsep-onsep gerak jatuh bebas. Rancang bangun alat peraga menggunakan komponen elektronik seperti Arduino, sensor inframerah, sensor ultrasonik, push button, LCD, relay, dan LED sebagai komponen utama perangkat keras (hardware). Perangkat lunak (software) yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan alat peraga ini memanfaatkan compiler IDE Arduino berbasis bahasa C#. Besaran fisis yang diukur menggunakan alat peraga yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini adalah ketinggian benda dan waktu tempuh benda. Hasil pengujian kinerja alat peraga yang dikembangkan menunjukkan bahwa alat peraga mampu memvisualisasikan fenomena gerak jatuh bebas, mengukur percepatan gravitasi bumi dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 10,2 m/s2, dan membuktikan konsep-konsep dalam gerak jatuh bebas. Kata kunci: Alat Peraga, Arduino, Gerak Jatuh Bebas Abstract— There is an effort to design learning media for teaching physics on free fall based on Arduino. The learning media designed is aimed at visualizing free fall phenomena, measuring earth gravitation speed, and proofing the concepts of free fall. Designing learning media using electronic components such as Arduino, infrared sensor, ultrasonic sensor, pushbutton, LCD, relay, and LED as the main components hardware devices.  Software devices which are used to improve this learning media were IDE Arduino Compiler C# language base. Physics quantity which is measured using the designed learning media in this study were the object’s height and the needed time. The test result of the designed learning media this study showed that this learning media could visualize free fall phenomena, measure the earth gravitation speed with the average score was  10,2 m/s2 , and proofing free fall concepts. Keywords: Learning Media, Arduino, Free Fall
Vybz Kartel—’British Love (Anything 4 You)‘
Authors: Tantam William
Published: February 2019

In this article, I reflect on the importance of the dancehall song 'British Love (Anything 4 You)' released by Vybz Kartel in Jamaica in 2011. While undertaking ethnographic fieldwork with football players in Black River, a rural community on the South Coast of Jamaica, I received the nickname 'World Boss,' one of Vybz Kartel's nicknames. In this piece, I think through the importance of the song and the nickname for reflecting on power inequalities in Jamaica, and situated within global hierarchies.
Blessing the Rains: Fieldwork Meditations on ‘Africa’ by Toto
Authors: Jenkins Julie
Published: February 2019

As an anthropologist who works in West Africa, I have ambivalent feelings towards the 1982 song ‘Africa’ by Toto. It is a song that lyrically does not make sense, although powerfully draws its audience into a romanticized mental imagery of the continent with “drums echoing,” “wild dogs crying,” and “old men” with “long forgotten words or ancient melodies.” Despite my annoyance at and critique of the lyrics and music video, I often found myself humming the lyrics “I bless the rains down in Africa” during my fifteen months fieldwork in the small town in south-eastern Ghana. This paper explores how the song came to signify for me a plea for disconnection from the relations I had worked to develop and a celebration when that disconnection was momentarily achieved during the downpours in the rainy seasons. Fieldwork, participant observation, culture shock, West Africa
Translation During the Christian Century in Japan
Authors: Tollini Aldo
Published: February 2019

This essay presents examples of translation of keywords of the Christian doctrine translated by Jesuit missionaries during the so-called ‘Christian century’, when Europeans undertook the conversion of the Japanese, between the second half of the 16th century and the first part of the following. The purpose is to highlight the difficulties of translation between very distant and different cultures, and the strategies that were devised in order to overcome the problems.