bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self‐Healing Ability of Perovskites Observed via Photoluminescence Response on Nanoscale Local Forces and Mechanical Damage
Authors: Galle Marco H. J. J. , Li Jun , Frantsuzov Pavel A. , Basché Thomas , Scheblykin Ivan G.
Published: December 2022

The photoluminescence (PL) of metal halide perovskites can recover after light or current‐induced degradation. This self‐healing ability is tested by acting mechanically on MAPbI3 polycrystalline microcrystals by an atomic force microscope tip (applying force, scratching, and cutting) while monitoring the PL. Although strain and crystal damage induce strong PL quenching, the initial balance between radiative and nonradiative processes in the microcrystals is restored within a few minutes. The stepwise quenching–recovery cycles induced by the mechanical action is interpreted as a modulation of the PL blinking behavior. This study proposes that the dynamic equilibrium between active and inactive states of the metastable nonradiative recombination centers causing blinking is perturbed by strain. Reversible stochastic transformation of several nonradiative centers per microcrystal under application/release of the local stress can lead to the observed PL quenching and recovery. Fitting the experimental PL trajectories by a phenomenological model based on viscoelasticity provides a characteristic time of strain relaxation in MAPbI3 on the order of 10–100 s. The key role of metastable defect states in nonradiative losses and in the self‐healing properties of perovskites is suggested.
Immunogenic Nanovesicle‐Tandem‐Augmented Chemoimmunotherapy via Efficient Cancer‐Homing Delivery and Optimized Ordinal‐Interval Regime
Authors: Sun Mengchi , Shi Wen , Wu Yuxia , He Zhonggui , Sun Jin , Cai Shuang , Luo Qiuhua
Published: December 2022

The strategy of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with anthracycline is recommended by clinical guidelines for the standard‐of‐care treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, several fundamental clinical principles are yet to be elucidated to achieve a great therapeutic effect, including cancer‐homing delivery efficiency and ordinal‐interval regime. Tumor‐derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs), as vectors for intratumoral intercellular communication, can encapsulate therapeutic agents and home tumors. However, PD‐L1 overexpression in TDEVs leads to systemic immunosuppression during in vivo circulation, ultimately inhibiting intratumoral T activity. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9‐edited Pd‐l1KO TDEV‐fusogenic anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX) liposomes with high drug encapsulation (97%) are fabricated, which homologously deliver DOX to breast cancer cells to intensify the immunogenic response and induce PD‐L1 overexpression in the tumor. By setting the stage for sensitizing tumors to ICIs, sequential treatment with disulfide‐linked PD1‐cross‐anchored TDEVs nanogels at one‐day interval could sustainably release PD1 in the tumor, triggering a high proportion of effector T cell‐mediated destruction of orthotopic and metastatic tumors without off‐target side effects in the 4T1‐bearing TNBC mouse model. Such a TDEV‐tandem‐augmented chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy with efficient cancer‐homing delivery capacity and optimized ordinal‐interval regime provides a solid foundation for developing chemoimmunotherapeutic formulations for TNBC therapy at the clinical level.
Promotion of Lung Cancer Metastasis by SIRT2‐Mediated Extracellular Protein Deacetylation
Authors: Wu Meng , Zhang Jian‐Bin , Xiong Yi‐Wei , Zhao Yong‐Xu , Zheng Meng‐Ge , Huang Xia‐Li , Huang Fang , Wu Xing‐Xing , Li Xue , Fan Wei‐Jiao , Hu Lin , Zeng Yuan‐Yuan , Cheng Xia‐Ju , Yue Ji‐Cheng , Du Juan‐Juan , Chen Nan‐Nan , Wei Wen‐Xiang , Yao Qing‐Hua , Lu Xiao‐mei , Huang Chao , Deng Jiong , Chang Zhi‐Jie , Liu He‐Bin , Zhao Ting C. , Chinn Y. Eugene
Published: December 2022

Acetylation of extracellular proteins has been observed in many independent studies where particular attention has been given to the dynamic change of the microenvironmental protein post‐translational modifications. While extracellular proteins can be acetylated within the cells prior to their micro‐environmental distribution, their deacetylation in a tumor microenvironment remains elusive. Here it is described that multiple acetyl‐vWA domain‐carrying proteins including integrin β3 (ITGB3) and collagen 6A (COL6A) are deacetylated by Sirtuin family member SIRT2 in extracellular space. SIRT2 is secreted by macrophages following toll‐like receptor (TLR) family member TLR4 or TLR2 activation. TLR‐activated SIRT2 undergoes autophagosome translocation. TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6)‐mediated autophagy flux in response to TLR2/4 activation can then pump SIRT2 into the microenvironment to function as extracellular SIRT2 (eSIRT2). In the extracellular space, eSIRT2 deacetylates ITGB3 on aK416 involved in cell attachment and migration, leading to a promotion of cancer cell metastasis. In lung cancer patients, significantly increased serum eSIRT2 level correlates with dramatically decreased ITGB3‐K416 acetylation in cancer cells. Thus, the extracellular space is a subcellular organelle‐like arena where eSIRT2 promotes cancer cell metastasis via catalyzing extracellular protein deacetylation.
Residue management and genotype effect on sunn hemp organic matter and nitrogen decomposition
Authors: Garzon Jaime , Vendramini Joao M. B. , Silveira Maria Lucia , Dubeux José C. , Liao Hui‐Ling , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Moriel Philipe , Silva Hiran M. S. , Gomes Vinicius Carreteiro , Ferreira Igor M. , Alencar Nayara M.
Published: December 2022

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) is a warm‐season legume often used as a cover crop; however, there is limited information about nutrient cycling of sunn hemp residue. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sunn hemp genotype and residue management on plant characteristics, decomposition, and suppression of Fusarium, Pythium, Sclerotinia, and Sclerotium microbe species. Two field experiments were conducted in Ona, FL. In Experiment 1, treatments were the split‐plot arrangement of three sunn hemp genotypes (Ubon, Blue Leaf, and ‘Tropic Sun’; main plot) and two biomass managements (removal or leaving the biomass on the field; subplot), distributed in a randomized complete block design. There was a greater biomass accumulation in 2019, but with no differences among genotypes (mean = 4,431 kg DM ha−1). Blue Leaf had greater N concentration than Ubon (23 vs. 19 g kg−1) and greater suppression of the Phytium populations than Ubon and Tropic sun in 2019 (0.9 vs. 2.0 colony forming unit g soil−1). In Experiment 2, the litter bag technique was used to estimate biomass and N decomposition. Treatments were the factorial arrangement of three genotypes and two residue management strategies (incorporated into the soil or placed on the soil surface). Sunn hemp biomass incorporation enhanced organic matter disappearance and N mineralization rate but leaving sunn hemp on the soil surface may result in a steadier N supply for the subsequent crop.
Whole‐genome sequencing holds the key to the success of gene‐targeted therapies
Authors: Vockley Jerry , Aartsma‐Rus Annemieke , Cohen Jennifer L. , Cowsert Lex M. , Howell R. Rodney , Yu Timothy W. , Wasserstein Melissa P. , Defay Thomas
Published: December 2022

Rare genetic disorders affect as many as 3%–5% of all babies born. Approximately 10,000 such disorders have been identified or hypothesized to exist. Treatment is supportive except in a limited number of instances where specific therapies exist. Development of new therapies has been hampered by at least two major factors: difficulty in diagnosing diseases early enough to enable treatment before irreversible damage occurs, and the high cost of developing new drugs and getting them approved by regulatory agencies. Whole‐genome sequencing (WGS) techniques have become exponentially less expensive and more rapid since the beginning of the human genome project, such that return of clinical data can now be achieved in days rather than years and at a cost that is comparable to other less expansive genetic testing. Thus, it is likely that WGS will ultimately become a mainstream, first‐tier NBS technique at least for those disorders without appropriate high‐throughput functional tests. However, there are likely to be several steps in the evolution to this end. The clinical implications of these advances are profound but highlight the bottlenecks in drug development that still limit transition to treatments. This article summarizes discussions arising from a recent National Institute of Health conference on nucleic acid therapy, with a focus on the impact of WGS in the identification of diagnosis and treatment of rare genetic disorders.
Central nervous system involvement in individuals withRASopathies
Authors: Weaver K. Nicole , Gripp Karen W.
Published: December 2022

Central nervous system (CNS) anomalies are common in individuals with RASopathies. While certain findings, including relative or absolute macrocephaly, are typical for most RASopathies, other findings are more common in certain conditions, with rare low‐grade gliomas in Noonan syndrome (NS); Chiari 1 malformation and tethered cord in Costello syndrome (CS); and variable structural anomalies including heterotopia and hydrocephalus in cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome (CFC). We performed a literature review and present aggregate data on the common and uncommon CNS manifestations in individuals with RASopathies. A gene‐based approach to defining risk for specific abnormalities may be considered. However, limited information on the CNS findings of rare RASopathies, such as autosomal recessiveLZTR1‐related NS orPPP1CB‐related NS with loose anagen hair (NSLH), is currently available. Thus, consideration of the RASopathies as a group of distinct syndromic conditions with shared underlying causes and overlapping clinical presentations remains relevant, and individuals with a RASopathy are at risk for many findings seen in these conditions.
Plasmonic Silver‐Nanoparticle‐Catalysed Hydrogen Abstraction from the C(sp3)−H Bond of the Benzylic Cαatom for Cleavage of Alkyl Aryl Ether Bonds
Authors: Han Pengfei , Mao Xin , Jin Yichao , Sarina Sarina , Jia Jianfeng , Waclawik Eric R. , Du Aijun , Bottle Steven E. , Zhao Jin‐Cai , Zhu Huai‐Yong
Published: December 2022

Selective activation of the C(sp3)−H bond is an important process in organic synthesis, where efficiently activating a specific C(sp3)−H bond without causing side reactions remains one of chemistry's great challenges. Here we report that illuminated plasmonic silver metal nanoparticles (NPs) can abstract hydrogen from the C(sp3)−H bond of the Cαatom of an alkyl aryl etherβ‐O‐4 linkage. The intense electromagnetic near‐field generated at the illuminated plasmonic NPs promotes chemisorption of theβ‐O‐4 compound and the transfer of photo‐generated hot electrons from the NPs to the adsorbed molecules leads to hydrogen abstraction and direct cleavage of the unreactive ether Cβ−O bond under moderate reaction conditions (≈90 °C). The plasmon‐driven process has certain exceptional features: enabling hydrogen abstraction from a specific C(sp3)−H bond, along with precise scission of the targeted C−O bond to form aromatic compounds containing unsaturated, substituted groups in excellent yields.
Influence of nanoparticle and channel arc structure on comprehensive performance of nanofluids in curved tiered microchannel heat sinks
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Li Xiaoyang , Qi Cong
Published: December 2022

In order to improve the heat dissipation of the electrical components, a curved tiered microchannel heat sink (TMCHS) was proposed and optimized and applied to cool the electrical components together with nanofluids. Influence of channel radian (φ = 0°, 75°, 135°, 180°), arc number (n = 0, 2, 3, 4), and nanoparticle concentration (w = 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%) on flow and heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in curved TMCHS was numerically investigated. Comprehensive evaluation coefficient comprehensive evaluation factor (PEC) was used to evaluate the thermo‐hydraulic performance of TMCHS and nanofluids. Results indicated that the greater the radian and arc number, the better the thermal performance of TMCHS. The overall performance of TMCHS is the best when the radian is 180° and the arc number is 4. Results in this paper provide important technical guidance for the application of curved tiered microchannel heat sinks and nanofluids to the field of thermal management of electronic components.
Overmolded hybrid thermoset‐thermoplastic structures: Experimental study on the bonding strength of co‐curing thermoplastic film onto thermoset composite
Authors: Miao Tianyu , Ding Yudong , Zhai Zhanyu
Published: December 2022

In the present study, an innovative approach to produce hybrid thermoset‐thermoplastic structure by means of co‐curing technique together with injection overmolding technique is proposed. To make thermoset composite bondable, a thermoplastic film was firstly co‐cured on the surface of thermoset composite. Five different types of thermoplastic film were chosen to co‐cure with thermoset composite. The bonding strength between thermoplastic film and thermoset composite was evaluated with lap shear strength. The results show that plasma treatment on thermoplastic film can promote polar groups at interface, which has positive effect on increasing wettability and can increase bonding strength by up to 69.7% of co‐cured structure. Meanwhile, increasing the surface roughness of thermoplastic film can also increase bonding strength by 162.9% because of mechanical interlock. Especially, because of low melting temperature of metallocene polypropylene, some fiber bundles in the interface zone were impregnated with molten metallocene polypropylene, resulting in strong bonding strength increased by 266.2% of the resultant co‐cured structure. Based on these results, polyamide 6 film was selected as the best thermoplastic boundary for co‐cured structure. Finally, hybrid thermoset‐thermoplastic was fabricated by injection overmolding of molten polyamide 6 on co‐cured structure, which has high average lap shear strength of around 14.9 MPa.
Prior anatomy experience among medical students: What difference does it make?
Authors: d'Arnaud Lindsey , Husmann Polly R.
Published: December 2022

Prior research has reported that experience in undergraduate anatomy did not significantly affect students' grades in professional schools, yet students would still recommend anatomy experience prior to medical school. It has been further posited that this prior experience may have benefits that do not appear in grade outcomes, such as decreased stress levels or different study strategies. The present study investigated whether different study strategies in anatomy were reported between students with and without prior experience. The data were collected using surveys administered near the beginning and the end of the medical anatomy course. The surveys included questions about study strategies used for the course, basic demographics, and prior experience in anatomy and/or physiology. Results confirmed very few differences in course outcomes between students with and without prior experience in anatomy and/or physiology; however, differences were noted in the study strategies reported. Students with prior experience in anatomy were more likely to report use of a wider variety of strategies and less changes in strategies between the surveys. However, these differences were only noted with prior courses of a certain number and level. It is posited that students with prior experience may have already created a basic scaffold of information in their mind that they could then plug additional information into rather than creating an entirely new knowledge structure. While this did not largely change course outcomes, it is likely to have positive effects on students' perceptions of stress and feelings of being overwhelmed during the course.
Full‐color Persistent Room‐temperature Phosphorescence from Carbon Dot Composites Based on a Single Nonaromatic Carbon Source
Authors: Wang Xiaolang , Wang Shuaiqi , Huang Yuanshan , Huang Limei , Sun Jianping , Lin Zhenghuan
Published: December 2022

Herein, a series of carbon dot composites (CDC) with full‐color and long‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are prepared by a simple solid‐phase one‐step method from a single non‐conjugated and non‐aromatic carbon source. The RTP emission wavelength can be adjusted from 462 to 623 nm by changing the feeding ratio and reaction temperature. The luminescent lifetime and quantum yield of a green emissive CDC (AB‐CDC‐3) reach 1.1 s and 39%, respectively, because of the close interaction between carbon dots and inorganic matrix. Due to the existence of multiple luminescent centers, these CDC exhibit excitation wavelength‐dependent RTP and a white emission when excited at a specific wavelength. A single‐component afterglow luminescent diode based on AB‐CDC‐4 shows a high‐quality white emission with CIE of (0.30, 0.33) and color‐rendering index of 88. Based on the unique photophysical properties of the composites, they exhibit huge application potential in the field of multilevel anti‐counterfeiting, fingerprint identification, and optoelectronic devices.
Molecular Engineering of Organic Species for Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Zhu Fulong , Guo Wei , Fu Yongzhu
Published: December 2022

Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage systems (ESSs) due to their unique architecture that can decouple energy and power. Aqueous RFBs based on organic molecules (AORFBs) work with a non‐flammable and intrinsically safe aqueous electrolyte, and organic compounds are performed as redox couples. The application of redox‐active organics tremendously expands the development space of RFBs owing to the highly tunable molecule structure. Molecular engineering enables the exceptional merits in solubility, stability, and redox potential of different organic molecules. Herein, this review summarizes the application of molecular engineering to several organic compounds, focusing on the fundamental overview of their physicochemical properties and design strategies. We discuss the electrochemical merits and performances along with the intrinsic properties of the designed organic components. Finally, we outline the requirements for rational design of innovative organics to motivate more valuable research and present the prospect of molecule engineering used in AORFBs.
The cognitive profile of middle‐aged and older adults with high vs. low autistic traits
Authors: Stewart Gavin R. , Corbett Anne , Ballard Clive , Creese Byron , Aarsland Dag , Hampshire Adam , Brooker Helen , Charlton Rebecca A. , Happé Francesca
Published: December 2022

Cognitive differences in memory, information processing speed (IPS), and executive functions (EF), are common in autistic and high autistic trait populations. Despite memory, IPS and EF being sensitive to age‐related change, little is known about the cognitive profile of older adults with high autistic traits. This study explores cross‐sectional memory, IPS and EF task performance in a large sample of older adults in the online PROTECT cohort (n = 22,285, aged 50–80 years), grouped by high vs. low autistic traits. Approximately 1% of PROTECT participants (n = 325) endorsed high autistic traits [henceforth Autism Spectrum Trait (AST) group]. Differences between AST and age‐, gender‐, and education‐matched comparison older adults (COA; n = 11,744) were explored on memory, IPS and EF tasks and questionnaires administered online. AST had lower performance than COA on tasks measuring memory, working memory, sustained attention, and information processing. No group differences were observed in simple attention or verbal reasoning. A similar pattern of results was observed when controlling for age, and current depression and anxiety symptoms. In addition, AST self‐reported more cognitive decline than COA, but this difference was not significant when controlling for current depression symptoms, or when using informant‐report. These findings suggest that autistic traits are associated with cognitive function in middle‐aged and later life. Older adults with high autistic traits experienced more performance difficulties in a range of memory, IPS and EF tasks compared with the low autistic traits comparison group. Further longitudinal work is needed to examine age‐related change in both older autistic and autistic trait populations.
Wheat straw‐derived bio‐based hydroponic polyurethane foams for plant growth
Authors: Li Hongwei , Ali Zohaib , Yuan Zhongshun , Hu Yulin , Wei Qin , Xu Chunbao Charles
Published: December 2022

Agricultural waste is a renewable and sustainable resource that can be used as an alternative to petroleum for the production of chemicals and materials. In this study, liquefied wheat straw was used as bio‐polyols to prepare bio‐based hydroponic polyurethane (BHPU) foams. The effects of foam preparation variables, such as surfactants, catalysts, blowing agents and types of petroleum‐based polyols (PPG 400 and/or VORANOL 280) on the properties of BHPU foam were investigated through single‐factor experiments. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize the foam formula. The prepared BHPU foams with 40–50% (w/w) bio‐polyols had an open cell content of 70–96%, a water absorption capacity of 594–1085% (w/w) and a water absorption time of 6–140 s. The potential of using the prepared BHPU foam as a plant growing medium was evaluated via mechanical testing, cell morphology, thermal stability, UV weathering testing and Phaseolus vulgaris (Linn.) cultivar Prelude and Glycine max (Linn.) Merr. seed germination tests. The wheat straw‐derived BHPU foams demonstrated potential as a plant growth medium in horticulture. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Data‐driven flow‐map models for data‐efficient discovery of dynamics and fast uncertainty quantification of biological and biochemical systems
Authors: Makrygiorgos Georgios , Berliner Aaron J. , Shi Fengzhe , Clark Douglas S. , Arkin Adam P. , Mesbah Ali
Published: December 2022

Computational models are increasingly used to investigate and predict the complex dynamics of biological and biochemical systems. Nevertheless, governing equations of a biochemical system may not be (fully) known, which would necessitate learning the system dynamics directly from, often limited and noisy, observed data. On the other hand, when expensive models are available, systematic and efficient quantification of the effects of model uncertainties on quantities of interest can be an arduous task. This paper leverages the notion of flow‐map (de)compositions to present a framework that can address both of these challenges via learning data‐driven models useful for capturing the dynamical behavior of biochemical systems. Data‐driven flow‐map models seek to directly learn the integration operators of the governing differential equations in a black‐box manner, irrespective of structure of the underlying equations. As such, they can serve as a flexible approach for deriving fast‐to‐evaluate surrogates for expensive computational models of system dynamics, or, alternatively, for reconstructing the long‐term system dynamics via experimental observations. We present a data‐efficient approach to data‐driven flow‐map modeling based on polynomial chaos Kriging. The approach is demonstrated for discovery of the dynamics of various benchmark systems and a coculture bioreactor subject to external forcing, as well as for uncertainty quantification of a microbial electrosynthesis reactor. Such data‐driven models and analyses of dynamical systems can be paramount in the design and optimization of bioprocesses and integrated biomanufacturing systems.
Selective attention to pain and empathy: Studying frequent blood donors
Authors: Omyan Sina , Mazidi Mahdi , Khatibi Ali
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Empathy is an interpersonal experience that enables understanding of other's emotions and can lead to altruistic behavior such as blood donation. Cognitive theories of empathy refer to selective attention as one of its cognitive dimensions. The current study examined if individuals who engage in altruistic behavior are characterized by a distinct pattern of selective attention to observation of pain in others.

Methods

We recruited 50 volunteer blood donors. Half (n = 25) of the volunteers donated for a self‐declared altruistic reason, and the other half of the volunteers donated blood for a health‐related reason. We assessed the individuals’ self‐reported empathy with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). We then measured the individuals’ selective attention toward faces expressing pain in a pictorial dot‐probe task.

Results

Consistent with the proposed hypothesis, participants who donated blood out of altruism reported significantly higher empathic concern on the IRI than those who donated blood for a health‐related reason. The altruistic donors also showed significantly greater selective attention toward facial expressions of pain. Moreover, among all donors, self‐report empathic concern on the IRI was significantly correlated with greater selective attention toward faces expressing pain.

Discussion

These findings suggest that altruistic individuals not only show higher levels of empathy, but also attend more to the pain of others. Limitations, implications, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Reactive oxygen species‐responsive mitochondria‐targeted liposomal quercetin attenuates retinal ischemia–reperfusion injury via regulating SIRT1/FOXO3A and p38 MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Zhao Laien , Ling Longbing , Lu Jing , Jiang Feng , Sun Jianchao , Zhang Zhen , Huang Yanmei , Liu Xiaoqian , Zhu Yanjuan , Fu Xiaoxuan , Peng Shengjun , Yuan Wenze , Zhao Ruikang , Zhang Zhuhong
Published: December 2022

Retinal ischemia–reperfusion (RIR) injury is involved in the pathogenesis of various vision‐threatening diseases. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is thought to be the main cause of RIR injury. A variety of natural products, including quercetin (Que), exhibit potent antioxidant activity. However, the lack of an efficient delivery system for hydrophobic Que and the presence of various intraocular barriers limit the effective retinal delivery of Que in clinical settings. In this study, we encapsulated Que into ROS‐responsive mitochondria‐targeted liposomes (abbreviated to Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips) to achieve the sustained delivery of Que to the retina. The intracellular uptake, lysosome escape ability, and mitochondria targeting ability of Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips were evaluated in R28 retinal cells. Treating R28 cells with Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips significantly ameliorated the decrease in ATP content, ROS generation, and increase in the release of lactate dehydrogenase in an in vitro oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) model of retinal ischemia. In a rat model, the intravitreal injection of Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips 24 h after inducing retinal ischemia significantly enhanced retinal electrophysiological recovery and reduced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips were taken up by retina for at least 14 days after intravitreal administration. Molecular docking and functional biological experiments revealed that Que targets FOXO3A to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation. Que@TPP‐ROS‐Lips also partially inhibited the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, which contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation. In conclusion, our new platform for ROS‐responsive and mitochondria‐targeted drug release shows promise for the treatment of RIR injury and promotes the clinical application of hydrophobic natural products.
Gratifications in change of privacy? The response of four consumers' generational cohorts toward facial recognition technology in retail settings
Authors: Pantano Eleonora , Vannucci Virginia , Marikyan Davit
Published: December 2022

New technologies enable retailers to collect large amounts of information about consumers, which might lead to ethical issues and risks of individuals' privacy loss. However, consumers might choose to disclose information to retailers when they perceive that the information would generate more benefits for themselves rather than for the retailer. Since little research has been done to explain the role of age in disclosing personal information to third parties, the present study investigates the difference in the perception of one's own control when it comes to the usage of privacy‐threatening technology depending on respondents' age. Drawing upon uses and gratification theory, the present study explores the response of consumers from four generational cohorts towards the facial recognition technology in retailing. Results reveal that the locus of control over information collected by the technology is neither related to the age of consumers nor to their knowledge of a specific technology used to collect their personal data. Instead, consumers' expected gratifications (in terms of economic and utilitarian) vary across different age groups. Implications for practitioners are discussed.
Temperature‐Dependent Re‐alignment of the Short Multifunctional Peptide BP100 in Membranes Revealed by Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Strandberg Erik , Wadhwani Parvesh , Bürck Jochen , Anders Patrick , Mink Christian , van den Berg Jonas , Ciriello Raffaele A. M. , Melo Manuel N. , Castanho Miguel A. R. B. , Bardají Eduard , Ulmschneider Jakob P. , Ulrich Anne S.
Published: December 2022

BP100 is a cationic undecamer peptide with antimicrobial and cell‐penetrating activities. The orientation of this amphiphilic α‐helix in lipid bilayers was examined under numerous conditions using solid‐state 19F, 15N and 2H NMR. At high temperatures in saturated phosphatidylcholine lipids, BP100 lies flat on the membrane surface, as expected. Upon lowering the temperature towards the lipid phase transition, the helix is found to flip into an upright transmembrane orientation. In thin bilayers, this inserted state was stable at low peptide concentration, but thicker membranes required higher peptide concentrations. In the presence of lysolipids, the inserted state prevailed even at high temperature. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that BP100 monomer insertion can be stabilized by snorkeling lysine side chains. These results demonstrate that even a very short helix like BP100 can span (and thereby penetrate through) a cellular membrane under suitable conditions.
Leptin differentially regulate cell apoptosis and cycle by histone acetylation in tibial and vertebral epiphyseal plates
Authors: Li Xiaomiao , Fu Xiaodong , Li Hao , Gao Yingjian , Wang Weili , Shen Yi
Published: December 2022

Leptin showed different apoptosis regulation effects on the chondrocytes from tibial and vertebral epiphyseal plates. However, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we tested the protein profile of tibial and vertebral epiphyseal plate chondrocytes with and without leptin stimulation by mass spectrometry and found that the histone acetylation level of tibial chondrocytes was decreased after leptin treatment, while increased in vertebral epiphyseal plates. COIP assay showed that leptin promoted H3, H4 histone acetylation by recruiting CREB binding protein (CBP)/P300 to activate histone acetyl transferases (HATs) activity in vertebral disc chondrocytes. But in tibial plate cartilage cells, leptin did not recruit CBP and p300, thus differently affect the apoptosis of epiphyseal plate chondrocytes. Through explored the mechanism of histone acetylation modulated by leptin, and its effect on cartilage cell apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, This provides a novel target therapy possibility therapeutic approach to for the related disease.
MOF‐derived NiCo‐LDH Nanocages on CuO Nanorod Arrays for Robust and High Energy Density Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Bi Qiong , Hu Xuanying , Tao Kai
Published: December 2022

Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is widely explored in supercapacitors on account of its high capacity, adjustable composition and easy synthesis process. Unfortunately, solitary LDH still has great limitations as an electrode material due to its shortcomings, such as poor conductivity and easy agglomeration. Herein, nanoflakes assembled NiCo‐LDH hollow nanocages derived from a metal–organic framework (MOF) precursor are strung by CuO nanorods formed from etching and oxidation of copper foam (CF), forming hierarchical CuO@NiCo‐LDH heterostructures. The as‐synthesized CuO@NiCo‐LDH/CF shows a large capacitance (5607 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2), superior rate performance (88.3 % retention at 10 mA cm−2) and impressive cycling durability (93.1 % capacitance is retained after 5000 cycles), which is significantly superior to control CuO/CF, CuO@ZIF‐67/CF, NiCo‐LDH/CF and Cu(OH)2@NiCo‐LDH/CF electrodes. Besides, an asymmetrical supercapacitor consists of CuO@NiCo‐LDH/CF and activated carbon displays a maximum energy density of 47.3 Wh kg−1, and its capacitance only declines by 6.8 % after 10000 cycles, demonstrating remarkable cycling durability. The advantages of highly conductive and robust CuO nanorods, MOF‐derived hollow structure and the core‐shell heterostructure contribute to the outstanding electrochemical performance. This synthesis strategy can be extended to design various core‐shell heterostructures adopted in versatile electrochemical energy storage applications.
The research on channel estimation and signal‐noise ratio estimation based on minimum error entropy kalman filter for single carrier frequency domain equalization system
Authors: Dong Pengyu , Xiang Xin , Liang Yuan , Wang Peng , Wang Rui
Published: December 2022

In this paper, the channel estimation and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) estimation technique of single‐carrier frequency domain equalization (SC‐FDE) system under low SNR in aeronautical multipath channel are studied, a SNR estimation algorithm which is easy to implement in engineering and an improved LS channel estimation algorithm based on Kalman filter using minimum error entropy (MEE‐KF) are proposed. This paper first introduces the SC‐FDE system and introduces the principle of MEE‐KF, and then, the channel estimation flow based on MEE‐KF is obtained by combining it with the traditional LS channel estimation algorithm, which makes the estimation results perform better. Simulation results show that after getting more accurate noise variance, the channel estimation results can better follow the changes of the channel after MEE‐KF processing, so as to resist the doppler frequency offset effect and make the channel estimation results more accurate, that is the channel response results of the data part can be closer to the real situation, so that the communication performance of SC‐FDE system has also been greatly improved.
Berberine up‐regulates miR‐340‐5p to protect myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion from HMGB1‐mediated inflammatory injury
Authors: Long Tianyi , Pan Wei , Li Fei , Sheikh Sayed Ali , Xie Qiying , Zhang Chenglong
Published: December 2022

Aims

Myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major cause of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Berberine (BBR) presents anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties in many diseases. Our research looked into the therapeutic effects and mechanism of BBR in MIRI.

Methods and results

MIRI animal and cell models were established. The mRNA and protein expressions were assessed using reverse transcription and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The haemodynamic parameters (left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular ejection fraction) were detected by echocardiography. The myocardial infarct size and myocardium lesion were assessed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride and haematoxylin–eosin staining. The levels of injury factors were determined by ELISA. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labelling staining was performed to analyse cell apoptosis. Dual luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were carried out to verify the interaction between miR‐340‐5p and HMGB1. BBR administration could improve the haemodynamic parameters and infarct size in MIRI rats (all P < 0.05). In MIRI rat model, BBR reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation (all P < 0.05). BBR could promote miR‐340‐5p expression (0.64 ± 0.21, P < 0.05), which is lowly expressed in MIRI group (0.24 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) in compare with the sham group (0.99 ± 0.01). MiR‐340‐5p knockdown abolished the protective effects of BBR on H/R‐treated cardiomyocytes (all P < 0.05). BBR suppressed the HMGB1/TLR4/NF‐κB pathway activation in MIRI. HMGB1 functioned as the target of miR‐340‐5p, and its silencing reversed the effect of miR‐340‐5p inhibitor on BBR‐treated MIRI.

Conclusions

In MIRI, BBR repressed HMGB1‐mediated TLR4/NF‐κB signalling pathway through miR‐340‐5p to suppress cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation.
Power system short‐term voltage stability assessment based on improved CatBoost with consideration of model confidence
Authors: Zhu Ruijin , Ciren Gesang , Tang Bo , Gong Xuejiao
Published: December 2022

With the intensive commissioning of high voltage direct current, transient voltage problems have become increasingly prominent, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the power system. On the basis of cascaded CatBoost (CasCatBoost) and sparrow search algorithm (SSA), a novel temporal‐adaptive data‐driven method for short‐term voltage stability (STVS) assessment is proposed in this paper. First, normalized mutual information feature selection is employed for important feature selection to reduce the computational burden. Taking the important features as inputs, the CasCatBoost model is constructed to mine STVS informatization. On the basis of CatBoost and cascaded structure, CasCatBoost can enhance the assessment accuracy without sacrificing the assessment earliness. Furthermore, the SSA is embedded into the offline phases of CasCatBoost to determine the optimal confidence threshold. Extensive numerical tests are conducted on the improved New England 39‐bus system, and the simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms other representative machine learning algorithms and exhibits excellent reliability, rapidity, and applicability.
Neotypification of Phyllanthus blancoanus (Phyllanthaceae)
Authors: Chakrabarty Tapas , Kumar Anand , Bandyopadhyay Subir
Published: December 2022

A new name, that is Phyllanthus blancoanus, was proposed by Müller Argoviensis for Blanco's P. tetrander which, in turn, is a later homonym (Art. 53.2 of Shenzhen Code) of Roxburgh's P. tetrandrus (year of publication 1845 and 1832, respectively). We accepted to treat Phyllanthus blancoanus under the genus Nymphanthus (as Nymphanthus blancoanus) according to a recent molecular data. Blanco's name is neotypified on a US specimen lacking original materials (Arts. 9.4 and 9.8 of Shenzhen Code).
New compact difference schemes on non‐uniform collocated and staggered grids for convection‐dominated flows
Authors: Yadav Vivek S. , Maurya Praveen K. , Rajpoot Manoj K.
Published: December 2022

This paper deals with the formulation of the tridiagonal compact difference schemes for derivatives up to second‐order with boundary stencils on non‐uniform grids. A compact scheme for the first derivative with interpolation is also devised on staggered non‐uniform grids. The developed schemes with non‐uniform spacing transform to respective classical compact schemes for the case of uniform mesh spacing. The resolution, numerical diffusion, and anti‐diffusion features of the devised schemes are evaluated using global spectral analysis. Applications to the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of two‐dimensional lid‐driven cavity (LDC) flow governed by Navier‐Stokes equations and wave‐propagation following linear rotating shallow water (LRSWE) equations with variable grid‐spacing are discussed at different choices of parameters. Computed results are also compared with solutions available in the literature.
Who has an edge in trading index derivatives?
Authors: Jang Jeewon , Kang Jangkoo , Lee Jaeram
Published: December 2022

Using the transaction data of a leading index derivatives market, we find that foreign institutional investors make huge profits while domestic individuals lose almost the same amount. Our empirical findings show that foreign institutional investors' profits cannot be attributed to their overnight information advantage or reward for liquidity provision. Our evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that foreign investors have superior marketwide information about intraday changes in the underlying index.
Technical approaches and challenges to study AMPA receptors in oligodendrocyte lineage cells: Past, present, and future
Authors: Perez‐Gianmarco Lucila , Kurt Begüm , Kukley Maria
Published: December 2022

Receptors for α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPARs) are ligand‐gated ionotropic receptors for glutamate that is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. AMPARs are located at postsynaptic sites of neuronal synapses where they mediate fast synaptic signaling and synaptic plasticity. Remarkably, AMPARs are also expressed by glial cells. Their expression by the oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells is of special interest because AMPARs mediate fast synaptic communication between neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), modulate proliferation and differentiation of OPCs, and may also be involved in regulation of myelination. On the other hand, during pathological conditions, AMPARs may mediate damage of the OL lineage cells. In the present review, we focus on the technical approaches that have been used to study AMPARs in the OL lineage cells, and discuss future perspectives of AMPAR research in these glial cells.
Performance of visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) for triage of HPV screen‐positive women: results from the ESTAMPA study
Authors: Baena Armando , Mesher David , Salgado Yuli , Martínez Sandra , Villalba Griselda Raquel , Amarilla Maria Luisa , Salgado Brenda , Flores Bettsy , Bellido‐Fuentes Yenny , Álvarez‐Larraondo Manuel , Valls Joan , Lora Oscar , Virreira‐Prout Gonzalo , Figueroa Jacqueline , Turcios Elmer , Soilán Ana María , Ortega Marina , Celis Marcela , González Mauricio , Venegas Gino , Terán Carolina , Ferrera Annabelle , Mendoza Laura , Kasamatsu Elena , Murillo Raúl , Wiesner Carolina , Broutet Nathalie , Luciani Silvana , Herrero Rolando , Almonte Maribel ,   the ESTAMPA study group
Published: December 2022

VIA is recommended for triage of HPV‐positive women attending cervical screening. In the multicentric ESTAMPA study, VIA performance for detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) among HPV‐positive women was evaluated. Women aged 30‐64 years were screened with HPV testing and cytology and referred to colposcopy if either test was positive. At colposcopy visit, study‐trained midwives/nurses/GPs performed VIA ahead of colposcopy. VIA was considered positive if acetowhite lesions were observed in or close to the transformation zone. Ablative treatment eligibility was assessed for VIA positives. Performance indicators were estimated. Three thousand one hundred and forty‐two HPV‐positive women were included. Sensitivity for CIN3+ was 85.9% (95% CI 81.2‐89.5) among women <50 years and, although not significant, slightly lower in women 50+ (78.0%, 95% CI 65.9‐86.6). Overall specificity was 58.6% (95% CI 56.7‐60.5) and was significantly higher among women 50+ (70.3%, 95% CI 66.8‐73.5) compared to women <50 (54.3%, 95% CI 52.1‐56.5). VIA positivity was lower among women 50+ (35.2%, 95% CI 31.9‐38.6) compared to women <50 (53.2, 95% CI 51.1‐55.2). Overall eligibility for ablative treatment was 74.5% and did not differ by age. VIA sensitivity, specificity, and positivity, and ablative treatment eligibility varied highly by provider (ranges: 25%‐95.4%, 44.9%‐94.4%, 8.2%‐65.3%, 0%‐98.7%, respectively). VIA sensitivity for cervical precancer detection among HPV‐positive women performed by trained providers was high with an important reduction in referral rates. However, scaling‐up HPV screening triaged by VIA will be challenging due to the high variability of VIA performance and providers' need for training and supervision.
Spontaneous vaginal wall rupture with subsequent paravaginal and labial delivery
Authors: Lee Bruce , Melvin Erin , Srisutiva Sisira , Purnell Leslie
Published: December 2022

Synopsis

Spontaneous vaginal wall rupture with subsequent paravaginal delivery through the labia majora is extremely rare.
Assessment of fetal cardiac morphology and functional changes in early‐onset and late‐onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Oluklu Deniz , Menekse Beser Dilek , Uyan Hendem Derya , Yıldırım Muradiye , Lalelı Koc Bergen , Tanacan Atakan , Sahin Dilek
Published: December 2022

Objective

To compare the fetal cardiac morphology and functions of early‐onset fetal growth restriction (EO‐FGR) and late‐onset fetal growth restriction (LO‐FGR) groups with gestational weeks‐matched controls.

Methods

A total of 164 pregnant women were included, 28 of whom were in the EO‐FGR group, 54 in the LO‐FGR group, and 82 in the control group. Fetal echocardiographic evaluation was performed with two‐dimensional, M‐mode, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and pulsed wave Doppler.

Results

Fetal cardiac morphologic measurements and diastolic and systolic functions changed in EO‐FGR and LO‐FGR fetuses compared with controls. The EO‐ and LO‐FGR fetuses had reduced right and left cardiac output, increased myocardial performance index, and significantly higher mitral and tricuspid E/E' ratios compared with controls. The EO‐FGR fetuses had lower mitral and tricuspid E and E' values. In LO‐FGR fetuses, mitral and tricuspid E' values were lower than in their controls (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001). On the other hand, the mitral and tricuspid E values were not significantly changed (P = 0.107 and P = 0.196).

Conclusion

We hypothesized that EO‐FGR and LO‐FGR fetuses had insufficient myocardial maturation. Especially in the LO‐FGR fetuses, TDI is the earliest and most sensitive technique to show subtle changes in fetal cardiac functions.
Prediction of high‐risk factors for ovarian metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer: A large‐sample retrospective case–control study
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Xin
Published: December 2022

Objective

To determine the high‐risk factors of ovarian metastasis of endometrial cancer and their impact on prognosis.

Methods

A retrospective case–control study was conducted on a large cohort of patients with endometrial cancer.

Results

A total of 1240 patients with endometrial cancer were eligible for analysis, of whom 120 (9.7%) had ovarian metastasis. The patients with endometrial cancer with ovarian metastasis were more likely to have deep myometrial infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and elevated levels of CA125. The median survival was 39 months in patients with ovarian metastasis and 111 months in those without ovarian metastasis (P < 0.001). According to the stratified analysis, the progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival in the low‐risk group and PFS in the high‐risk group of patients with endometrial cancer with ovarian metastasis were significantly shorter than those without ovarian metastasis (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0034, and P < 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusion

Deep myometrial invasion, lymph node metastasis, and elevated levels of CA125 may be independent high‐risk factors for ovarian metastasis in patients with endometrial cancer. Ovarian metastasis has a greater impact on the prognosis of patients with low‐risk endometrial cancer.