bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ НОРМ ЧАСУ НА ТЕХНІЧНЕ ОБСЛУГОВУВАННЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ЗАСОБУ ДЛЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ТРУДОМІСТКОСТІ РОБІТ
Authors: ДЕМБІЦЬКИЙ Валерій , ПАВЛЮК Василь
Published: December 2020

У роботі розглянуті актуальні питання визначення норм часу на обслуговування і ремонт транспортних засобів для формування трудомісткості робіт технічного обслуговування та поточного ремонту рухомого складу підприємств автомобільного транспорту, що використовуватимуться під час їх технологічного розрахунку. На основі існуючих норм часу на виконання різних видів робіт запропоновано граф технічного обслуговування (ремонту) автомобіля за яким розроблено методику визначення норм часу та трудомісткості технічних впливів на автомобіль. Граф технічного обслуговування (ремонту) транспортних засобів служить графічною моделлю для подальших розрахунків норм часу та забезпечує перехід від об’єкта впливу до елементарних операцій. Такий підхід дозволяє розподілити елементарні операції і врахувати особливості їх виконання. Розроблена методика сприяє подальшому розвитку методів визначення трудомісткості технічного обслуговування для технологічного розрахунку підприємств автомобільного транспорту. Проведено аналіз величин трудомісткостей технічного обслуговування транспортних засобів. На прикладі, проведення регламентних робіт з технічного обслуговування нижчого порядку для автобуса за допомогою методів аналізу затрат робочого часу та використовуючи норми часу на слюсарні операції, здійснено орієнтовний розрахунок його сумарної трудомісткості. Отримані результати вказують на скорочення часу виконання операцій технічного обслуговування автобуса, а від так і зменшення встановленої трудомісткості близько 40 % у порівнянні з нормативом.
ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ПРЕЦИЗІЙНИХ ПАР ПАЛИВНИХ ФОРСУНОК BOSCH З ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНИМ ПРИВОДОМ
Authors: КИЩУН Володимир , МУЛЯРЧУК Дмитро
Published: December 2020

Серед деталей, що регламентують надійність функціонування паливної електромагнітної форсунки особливе місце займають її прецизійні пари, зокрема розпилювач і клапан керування, технічний стан яких суттєво впливає на економічні та екологічні показники роботи двигуна. У випадку виходу із ладу, фірма BOSCH рекомендує заводську технологію їх ремонту або заміну, що підвищує вартість ремонту.
Деталями форсунки, що руйнуються першочергово є голка і корпус розпилювача та сідло клапана керування. Виходячи з аналізу виду пошкоджень, сервісні центри ухвалюють рішення стосовно способу повернення параметрів форсунки до нормативних. Зокрема, якщо погіршення роботи форсунки викликане зношенням контактних поверхонь голки і корпуса розпилювача чи сідла клапана керування, то проводилася реставрація  цих деталей.
В Україні заводська технологія відновлення розпилювачів і клапанів керування форсунок BOSCH не завжди витримується оскільки потребує спеціального обладнання, тому станції з ремонту паливної апаратури, кожна своїми методами, проводять реставрацію фірмових форсунок. Використовується технологія взаємного притирання голки до сідла корпуса розпилювача, результати застосування якої бажають бути кращими.
У статті пропонується технологічний процес відновлення роботоздатності розпилювачів і клапанів керування паливної форсунки BOSCH із електромагнітним приводом, який на практиці підтвердив свою ефективність. Так, відновлення спряжених поверхонь розпилювача проходить у два етапи: на першому етапі виконується прешліфування конуса голки розпилювача, на другому  – притирання поверхні конуса корпуса спеціальним притиром. З цією метою був розроблений комплекс, основою якого став розроблений і виготовлений пристрій для перешліфування.
Сідло клапана керування відновлюється також методом притирання на універсальному притирочному станку       МР-250.
Запропонована технологія відновлення розпилювача і клапана керування паливних форсунок фірми  BOSCH із електромагнітним приводом дозволяє продовжити їх експлуатацію без зниження технічних і економічних показників роботи та зекономити кошти на ремонті.
КІЛЬКІСНА ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ОБЛАШТУВАННЯ ПАРКУВАЛЬНИХ МІСЦЬ У КРАЙНІЙ ПРАВІЙ СМУЗІ НА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ДОРОЖНЬОГО РУХУ
Authors: ЛИТВИН Вадим , ТАРАН Ігор
Published: December 2020

Стрімкі темпи росту автомобілізації призвели до значного перевищення попиту на місця паркування над наданою їх кількістю. Подібна ситуація є характерною рисою більшості середніх та великих міст України. В умовах недоліку місць для паркування найбільшого поширення набуло облаштування паркувальних місць у крайній правій смузі. Застосування даного заходу призводить до зниження пропускної спроможності вулично-дорожньої мережі міста та погіршення умов безпеки руху транспорту. Тому, у роботі проаналізовано вплив облаштування таких паркувальних місць на ефективність руху у м. Дніпро. В якості об’єкта дослідження обрано перехрестя вул. Я. Мудрого та вул. Воскресєнської. Інтенсивності транспортних потоків на перехресті були отримані методом натурних обстежень для ранкової години «пік» з 700 до 800. У програмному середовищі PTV VISSIM розроблено дві імітаційні транспортні моделі перехрестя (без смуги та зі смугою для паркування). Результати моделювання, засвідчують, що облаштування паркувальних місць у крайній правій смузі знижує ефективності руху за всіма обраними показниками в діапазоні від 26% до 62%. Значення запропонованого авторами комплексного показника ефективності для дороги без «парковки» становить – 1,00, а для дороги з облаштованою паркувальною зоною – 0,54. Доведено, що загальна ефективність такого рішення для обраного об’єкту дослідження знизила ефективність організації дорожнього руху на 46%. Проведено експертне оцінювання, за результатами якого були розраховані вагові коефіцієнти для обраних показників. Отриманий розподіл вагових коефіцієнтів характеризується дуже незначною розбіжністю. Це засвідчує, що всі обрані авторами показники є значимими під час прийняття остаточних рішень щодо обґрунтування заходів з підвищення ефективності дорожнього руху.
HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN PENURUNAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-23 BULAN DI DESA SOSOR LONTUNG, KECAMATAN SIEMPAT NEMPU, KABUPATEN DAIRI TAHUN 2019
Authors: Sinaga Evanata Lina , Lubis Rismahara , Siregar Yusniar , Irianti Evi
Published: December 2020

Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five due to chronic malnutrition. One cause of stunting is poor parenting patterns such as feeding in the first 2 years after birth. Exclusive breastfeeding is the best nutrition a baby receives in the first 6 months of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding with the decrease of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Sosor Lontung Village, Siempat Nempu District, Dairi Regency.  This study used a cross-sectional study design. The sample of this research was children aged 6-23 months as many as 39 people. Data collection was carried out by interview and measurement of children's length / height. Univariate and bivariate data analysis used Chi Square test with ƿ-value <0.05. Based on the bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting with ƿ-value 0.037. The results showed the percentage of stunting in children aged 6-23 months was greater in children who were not given exclusive breastfeeding (50%) than those who received exclusive breastfeeding (17.65%). The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting with a value-value of 0.037. That is, exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk of stunting is getting smaller. It is hoped that all babies will receive exclusive breastfeeding so that the baby can grow optimally.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN PERMEN JAHE TERHADAP MUAL MUNTAH PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK KHAIRUNIDA SUNGGAL TAHUN 2018
Authors: Nurdiana Ani , Mangkuji Betty , Lubis Rismahara
Published: December 2020

Pregnancy causes a lot of change in the mother’s body, so there are various kinds of physiological discomfort in the mother such as nause and vomiting, usually mild and controlable. This condition sometimes stops in the first trimester, but its effect may lead to nutritional disorder, dehydration, weakness, weight loss, and electrolyte imbalances. If not treated, it will worsen into Hyperemesis Gravidarum

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness og ginger candy in reducing the frecuency of nause and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women in the Khairunida clinik with experimental Quasy design and tested by One Group Pretest Postest. About 15 samples were obtained through purposive sampling technique and the data were taken using the T-dependent test.

Through the study, it was found that the frequency of nausea and vomiting before being given intervation was 10,93 and after being given intervation was 3,33 with an average decrease by 7,60. Through the statistical test, it was obtained the p value <(0.05) so that this study concluded that administration of ginger candy was effective in reduring nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women.

Further researchers are expected toreduce the use of non-pharmacological drugs to overcome nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnant women and collaborate with the pharmacy department to facilitate the process of making good qualityy ginger candy.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK, RIWAYAT KELUARGA DAN PENGETAHUAN PADA IBU YANG MENDERITA KANKER SERVIKS DALAM KETERLAMBATAN MENCARI PENGOBATAN KEPELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Surbakti Elisabeth , Simare-mare Susi Adranelly , Sembiring Arihta
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Cervical cancer is cancer that occurs in the cervix of the uterus, is the entrance to the uterus located between the uterus and the vagina. Mothers with cervical cancer 65.5% come to health care already in an advanced stage, where this will have an impact on economic, social, physical, psychological suffering and even increased mortality due to cervical cancer. This study aims to determine the relationship of characteristics, family history of mothers suffering from cancer and maternal knowledge about cervical cancer in delay in seeking treatment at the RSUH. Adam Malik Medan.

Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study were all women with cervical cancer who had been diagnosed through histopathological examination from Stage Ia to Stage IVb who were treated in the Midwifery and Midwifery Oncology Hospital of Adam Malik General Hospital Medan. The way to take sample is by using non probability sampling.

Research / Discussion Results: Based on univariate analysis that the delay of respondents in seeking treatment for health services in patients with cervical cancer, generally has an advanced stage (67.5%). Characteristics of respondents; age> 40 years (58%), low education (34.3%), having more than 2 children (77.5%), low socioeconomic (37.3%), having a family with a history of cancer (39.1%). Based on univariate analysis states that: There is a significant relationship: age> 40 years, low education, having more than 2 children, low socioeconomic, poor knowledge, family history of cancer where p <0.05 with 95% CI, to delays seek treatment to health services.

Conclusion: increasing maternal awareness through IEC with early detection of IVA or pap smears, increasing knowledge can prevent delays in patients coming to health care. Respondents who have a family history of cancer or not have the potential for cervical cancer, so they still need to be routinely detected early. Optimize efforts to prevent cervical cancer, by raising awareness of the awareness and importance of cervical cancer screening through early detection of either IVA or pap smear tests, health promotion so that people do not come at an advanced stage to health services.
Deskripsi Karakter Tanggung Jawab Berdasarkan Indikator Tanggung Jawab Terhadap Tata Tertib Dan Tanggung Jawab Terhadap Peraturan Di SMP Adhyaksa 1 Kota Jambi
Authors: Amirullah Amirullah , Hoyi Roro
Published: December 2020

Tujuan Penelitian: Mendeskripsikan tanggung jawab siswa di SMP Adhyaksa 1 kota jambi berdasarkan indikator tanggung jawab terhadap tata tertib dan tanggung jawab terhadap peraturan. Metodologi: Penelitian ini termasuk kedalam penelitian explanatory desain. Data kuantitatif diperoleh menggunakan angket dan data kualitatif diperoleh menggunakan lembar wawancara. Subjek dari penelitian ini berjumlah 116 siswa yang berasal dari SMP Adhyaksa 1 Kota Jambi. Temuan utama: Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didaptkan hasil bahwa peserta didik di SMP Adhyaksa 1 Kota Jambi memiliki karakter  tanggung  jawab yang baik dalam bertanggung jawab terhadap tata tertib dan peraturan. Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaruan pada penelitian ini dlihat dari segi indicator yang digunakan selama peneitian.
Evaluation of Cadmium Contaminated Roadside Soil Surface and its Transfer to Animals through Forage: Assessing the Health Risk Assessment for Ruminants
Authors: Ahmad Kafeel , Arshad Nimra , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Bashir Humayun , Nazar Sonaina , Wajid Kinza , Munir Mudasra , Hussain Khadim , Nadeem Muhammad , Alfarraj Saleh , Malik Ifra Saleem , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali
Published: December 2020

The increasing pollution in most industrialized area is a really attention seeking issue now a days. Air pollution caused by vehicular smoke contains handsome percentages of heavy metals like cadmium. Cadmium like other heavy metals accumulated in the bodies of living systems found around roads. Among the living system cadmium accumulate up to alarming rate like in soil, plants and animals. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to evaluate the possible risk of the Cadmium on the soil, forage and buffalos. The study was done in the area of Sargodha district, Punjab, Pakistan. There were six sites selected for study on accumulation of Cd in the forages, soil and the Buffalo blood. The Cd content in soil samples was highest in sample collected from site III. The Cd content was highest in the forage sample collected from site IV and in the blood samples, and the bioaccumulation factor was highest in the samples collected from site V. The positive and non-significant correlation was found when soil and forage was correlated, unlike the correlation found between blood and forage which was found negative non-significant. The samples from site III showed high daily intake of metals, health risk index, and pollution load index. This study will bring attention towards the development of the strategies in order to be safe from the toxic effects of cadmium.
Assessment of Cadmium in Sewage Water Irrigated Soil and its Transfer to Fodder with Respect to Health of Livestock
Authors: Khan Zafar Iqbal , Ahmed Kafeel , Nazar Saman , Nazar Sonaina , Bashir Humayun , Mahmoud Ahmed Hossam , Mohammed Osama B. , Sana Naila , Munir Mudasra , Malik Ifra Saleem , Ashfaq Asma , Sohail Muhammad
Published: December 2020

Heavy metal concentration in sewage water irrigation of fodders, milk, and soil was studied. It was a serious issue because excess of sewage water is used for irrigating crops and due to excessive use of waste-water heavy metals build up in plants and when animals consume these plants metals transfer to their bodies and milk causes different problems. Six samples were collected Trifolium alexandrinum, Avena sativa, Zea mays, Pennisetum glaucum, Sorghum bicolor, Brassica campestris from five sites. All the samples were digested by wet digestion method. After digestion a clear transparent solution of all samples was obtained which was analyzed in atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Different indices were applied including bio concentration factor, daily intake of metals, health risk index, enrichment factor, pollution lad index, correlations of fodders, soil and milk was done. Pollution load index of current study was less than 1 which indicates that soil was less polluted. Health risk for Cd was present higher than 1 which was an indication of risk to health of animals in eating Cd contaminated fodders. Daily intake of metal was lower than 1 it showed there was no risk in consuming fodders to health of animals. In water samples level of Cd was higher above permissible limit. Cd mean concentration was higher in milk than permissible limit which showed that animals graze more contaminated fodder in open areas and drink waste-water that�s why metals accumulate in their tissues and milk causing toxicity.
Separated Instrument Management as a Procedural Accident in Endodontics Using the EDTA (C10H16N2O8) Aided Bypassing Technique and the Ultrasonic Removal Method. An in vitro Study
Authors: Dako Timea , Bica Cristina Ioana , Lazar Luminita , Lazar Ana Petra , Monea Monica
Published: December 2020

Fracture of endodontic files can be considered a real concern during root canal treatment. This procedural accident is caused both by overusing instruments due to economic reasons and using an incorrect technique in root canals with difficult anatomy. A broken endodontic file does not always regard the treatment as a failure. Frequently the broken fragment can be bypassed, and the root canal treatment completed. In other cases, when the file is separated in a tooth with associated apical disease, its retrieval using ultrasonic tips is advised. Separation of a file usually occurs in molars, mainly in the mesiobuccal canal due to major curvature, poor access or small diameter. Our research was conducted to determine the in vitro efficiency of the ultrasonic removal method and the bypass technique by using 40 extracted molars with moderately curved roots. #25 K-files were deliberately broken in the middle third of mesiobuccal root canals after making a small excavation in the apical third of their active part. The results showed a significantly higher success rate of the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) aided bypassing technique compared to the ultrasonic removal method.
Investigation of Anti-Proliferative Effects of Natural Products Quercetin Hydrate and Catechin Hydrate on Leukemia Lymphocytes
Authors: Ivanova Donika , Yaneva Zvezdelina , Lazarova Dessislava
Published: December 2020

The major problem of conventional cancer therapy is lack of selectivity and induction of harmful side-effects on normal (healthy) cells and tissues. In the recent years, scientific efforts are focused to find a proper approach for highly selective influence on cell viability, as well as induction of cell death in cancer cells only. In this regard, natural herbal products are of great interest due to their low cytotoxicity to normal cells and tissues and their potential as supplements to conventional chemotherapeutics. It is well known that flavonoids exhibit various biological activities, such as anti oxidative, anti bacterial, anti inflammatory, anti viral and anti cancer, and may play a role in cancer prevention. In the present study, the effects of low concentrations of quercetin hydrate and catechin hydrate on cell viability of leukemia lymphocytes were investigated, in order to provide an experimental basis for their future incorporation into newly-synthesized biocompatible nano-formulations.
Peran Perempuan dan Kearifan Lokal Indonesia dalam Media Film
Authors: Kartikawati Dwi
Published: December 2020

Riset ini memfokuskan pada pemaknaan tanda-tanda pada film Tabula Rasa yang diyakini penulis memunculkan peran perempuan dalam mempertahankan eksistensi budaya lokal Indonesia. Walaupun tidak sederhana, namun produksi film memiliki berbagai kepentingan, setidaknya dapat menguatkan peran perempuan di media massa. Berangkat dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode analisis isi semiotika dari John Fiske. Maka hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa film ini dapat menguatkan peran perempuan dalam mempertahankan kearifan lokal melalui performa kekuatan diri yang dimiliki. Penguraian kandungan makna dalam film tersebut menguatkan identitas dan peran perempuan dalam Budaya Indonesia.
Size distribution and reproductive condition of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas (D´Orbigny, 1835) in the Gulf of California.
Authors: Velázquez-Abunader J. I. , Nevárez-Martí­nez M. O. , Hernández-Herrera A.
Published: December 2020

Variations in size frequency distribution, number of cohorts, and reproductive status of the jumbosquid Dosidicus gigas were analyzed in samples from seven research oceanographic cruises in the central region of the Gulf of California, Mexico from 1997 to 2008. In each station we recorded sex, gonadic phase and mantle lenght for up to 25 squids. When possible, mantle length was measured for 100 squids. We defined up to three modal groups or cohorts for several months through a multinomial distribution analysis. According to the reproductive status, squids showed a long breeding season throughout the year with two major peaks that match the birth dates estimated by the age-length chart (April to August and October to February). The size at first maturity was estimated by genders; although males were mature at a smaller size than females, no significant differences between were detected. Our results suggest that size frequency distribution andreproductive condition of jumbo squid support the hypothesis of the presence of multiple cohort in the Gulf of California, two important periods of birth, and the number of cohort’s present variation, suggesting the need for a constant monitoring of the resource for a better management of the fishery
Remote sensing of suspended matter plumes triggered by runoff in the south Gulf of California
Authors: Martí­nez Flores G. , Nava Sánchez E. H. , Zaitzev O.
Published: December 2020

Runoff from watersheds draining towards the coastal seas affects significantly the optical properties of these waters, and also has important implications in terms of supply of nutrients to the euphotic zone. This paper analyzes daily  precipitation data in the basins draining into the Gulf of California during 2004- 2008, locating the river mouths activated by runoff processes on specific periods. This spatial and temporal demarcation sets the selection of MODIS-Aqua image bands level 1B, which applies algorithms in order to detect the total suspended matter (MST from the Spanish acronym) integrated in the surface layer of the sea. From total precipitation in these basins in the study period, the percentage of contribution per year (2004-2008) was 32, 14, 18, 16 and 20% respectively. Consequently, during the summer of 2004 effects of runoff were mostevident in MST images. The results show plumes of suspended matter associated with the discharge areas of the main rivers from the continental margin, and some of them reach distances up to ~60-100 km from the coastline. Standing out is a plume detected in August 2004, with coverage of 44,000 km2 extending ~300 km from the Nayarit coastline, in the area in front of the river mouths of Acaponeta, San Pedro, Santiago and Ameca.In general, the distribution of these plumes is controlled by the mesoscale circulation of the Gulf, being relevant the combined effect of anticyclonic eddies north of the river mouths and cyclonic eddies south of them.
A review of the current status of the studies on shorebirds in Mexico
Authors: Carmona R. , Hernández-ílvarez A. , Danemman G.
Published: December 2020

While Mexico is a critical wintering habitat for many species of shorebirds (Charadrii) little researchhas been apparently done on this issue. In order to evaluate the current status of scientific knowledge about shorebird populations in Mexico and the accuracy of that statement, we reviewed the literature on this topic published between 1895 and 2010. We registered 221 scientific reports, from which 77% was published in the last 20 years. Even though shorebird research in Mexico was headed mostly by foreign ornithologists until the 1970’s, Mexican specialists produced most of the studies since the 1990’s. Scientific papers (160) and thesisresearch (30) accounted for 86% of all shorebird literature. Only four authors published more than 10 papers, which indicate a poor consolidation of research groups. 66% of the publications are descriptive. The most studied species is the Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) with 20 publications. 70% (149) publications deal withshorebirds in northwestern Mexico, and 104 of them with shorebirds in the Baja California peninsula, indicating the consolidation of some research groups in that region. Although this review is probably not conclusive, the observed trends are unlikely to be modified. To sum up it can be concluded that while shorebird populations are relatively well described in northwestern Mexico, basic descriptions are still required in other areas of this country. Most of the compiled publications are available at the website (http://www.pronatura-noroeste.org/playeros) of Pronatura Noroeste.
Marine and lagoon recruitment of Litopenaeus Vannamei (BOONE, 1931) (DECAPODA: PENAEIDAE) in the “Cabeza de Toro-La Joya Buenavista” lagoon system, Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Cervantes -Hernández P. , Gómez -Ponce M. A. , Torres -Hernández P.
Published: December 2020

Life cycle of the Penaeidae shrimp family is approximately 16 months and this takes place between the marine and coastal lagoon environments. Within the “Cabeza de Toro-La Joya Buenavista” lagoon system (CJB-LS) a total length value for 6116 juvenile white shrimp was recorded. Bhattacharya’s method and modal progression analysis were used in order to analyze marine (MR) and lagoon (LR) recruitment periods. The MR isthe natural movement of juvenile shrimp from the interior of CJB-LS towards the marine fishing zone (MFZ) from Gulf of Tehuantepec. The LR is the natural movement of shrimp post-larvae from the MFZ towards the interior of CJB-LS. Both recruitments were separated between September and October. The MR period was delimitedfrom April 2001 to the middle of October 2001 (during rainy season). In this period, the age at which white shrimp began to migrate towards the MFZ was recorded between 4.5 and five months old. The LR period began during the last days of October 2001 and ended in March 2002 (during “Tehuanos” season). Only in this period were shrimp cohorts observed with an approximate age of 25 days. Those shrimp cohorts were considered as recently recruited, because they continued growing after their immigration from MFZ. Reproduction period ofwhite shrimp occurs in the MFZ from July to November with maxima in October.
Distribution of functional groups of phytoplankton in the euphotic zone during an annual cycle in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California
Authors: Verdugo Dí­az Gerardo , Gárate -Lizarraga Ismael
Published: December 2020

Irradiance plays an important role in the distribution of functional groups of phytoplankton in the euphotic zone. To characterize the environmental variability of the euphotic zone (in three levels of irradiance, 100, 10 and 1%) and its influence on the functional groups, the latter were studied. Similarly, changes in the structure of the microphytoplankton functional groups were determined as a response to the variability of hydrological conditions. Thus, results of the vertical distribution of microphytoplankton at three light quantity levels during an annual cycle (June 2000-June 2001) at a fixed sampling site in Bahí­a de La Paz (24Â° 21.284 N; 110Â° 26.294 W) are presented. A total of 62 taxa were identified: 45 diatom species (72.58%), 11 dinoflagellate species (17.74%), 3 species of silicoflagellates (4.83%), 1 ciliate species (1.61%), 1 cyanophyte (1.61%), and 1 coccolithophorid (1.61%). A higher abundance of diatoms was observed in the uppermost surface layer, while dinoflagellates were more abundant at the 10% irradiance level of the euphotic zone lower limit; silicoflagellates, although in a lesser magnitude, associated with the limit of the euphotic zone. Diatoms usually dominated, followed by dinoflagellates; this occurred at all three light quantity levels of the euphotic zone through the year. Environmental conditions during the warm period (>23Â°C) favored dinoflagellates; during the water-column homogenization period (December-April) conditions favored heterotrophic Protoperidinium species inhabiting the layers above or below the thermocline. However, the integration of species assemblages during the period of the homogenous water column was not clear due to mixing of different phytoplankton assemblages coming from different depth levels.
En memoria Dr. Demenico Voltolina
Authors: Sánchez -Saavedra Ma. del Pilar , Siqueiros Beltrones David A.
Published: December 2020

El 9 de enero de 2018 a sus 76 años de edad falleció en Mazatlán, Sinaloa, el colega y amigo Domenico. Así­ llamado por quienes llegamos a apreciarlo en su integridad, como cientí­fico aplicado de lleno a su investigación, como formador de nuevos investigadores a nivel licenciatura y de posgrado, como docente, y como un individuo considerado y carismático, cuya personalidad fundada en bases filosóficas definí­an su ética profesional. Todo ello facilitó admirar su trayectoria y su desempeño cotidiano como investigador.
THE MORPHOLOGICAL PLASTICITY OF THEODOXUS FLUVIATILIS (LINNAEUS, 1758) (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA: NERITIDAE)
Authors: Glöer Peter , Pešić Vladimir
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the morphological plasticity of Theodoxus fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritidae).
ADDITIONS TO THE TASMANIAN ORIBATID MITES, WITH SUPPLEMENTARY DESCRIPTION OF EDWARDZETES ELONGATUS WALLWORK, 1966 (ACARI, ORIBATIDA)
Authors: Ermilov Sergey G. , Yurtaev Andrey A. , Pešić Vladimir
Published: December 2020

This study is based on material collected in 2007 from water environments of Tasmania; eight species of oribatid mites belonging to eight genera and seven families were registered. Edwardzetes elongatus Wallwork is recorded for the first time in the Australian region, which is redescribed and illustrated in detail on the basis of Tasmanian material. The morphological differences between populations of E. elongatus from Tasmania and South Georgia Island are noted.
ON TWO NEW OR INTERESTING SPECIES OF THE FAMILY NIPHARGIDAE FROM GREECE AND CROATIA (CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE AMPHIPODA 286)
Authors: Karaman Gordan S.
Published: December 2020

New species of the family Niphargidae (Amphipoda Gammaridea), Niphargus impexus, sp. n. is described and figured from the well in Iraklion on Crete Island, Greece, and its taxonomical position within the genus Niphargus is discussed.The species Niphargus salonitanus S. Karaman, 1950 is discovered at the first time on the Lastovo Island (spring Lokanj in Uble village) in the Adriatic Sea, and distribution of this species is mentioned.
LARVAL MORPHOLOGY OF PIONA STJOERDALENSIS (THOR, 1897) (ACARI, HYDRACHNIDIA: PIONIDAE)
Authors: Tuzovskij Petr V.
Published: December 2020

This paper describes the morphology of larva of water mite Piona stjoerdalensis in detail and compare it with known larvae of the “coccinea” group.
LEPTOGLOSSUS OCCIDENTALIS (HETEROPTERA: COREIDAE) AND HARMONIA AXYRIDIS (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE), TWO NEW INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES FOR INSECT FAUNA OF MACEDONIA
Authors: Kulijer Dejan
Published: December 2020

In this paper Leptoglossus occidentalis (Heteroptera: Coreidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), two new invasive alien species are reported for insect fauna of Macedonia.
ON THE IDENTITY OF ORTHOMUS HESPERICUS MOTSCHULSKY, 1849 (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE: PTEROSTICHINI)
Authors: Guéorguiev Borislav , Wrase David W.
Published: December 2020

Orthomus hespericus Motschulsky, 1849, formerly placed by different authors as questionable synonym of either O. velocissimus akbensis Mateu, 1955 or O. velocissimus andalusiacus Mateu, 1957, is treated here as junior subjective synonym of O. barbarus barbarus (Dejean, 1828). A lectotype of O. hespericus Motschulsky is designated. O. rectangulus (Fairmaire, 1859) represents a possible junior subjective synonym of O. berytensis (Reiche & Saulcy, 1855). The treatment of Carabus rectangulus Cuvier, 1833, as a junior secondary homonym of Feronia rectangula Fairmaire, 1849 is rejected. A corrected version of the checklist of the species of Orthomus is included.
A NEW WATER MITE SPECIES OF THE GENUS HYDRYPHANTES KOCH (ACARI, HYDRACHNIDIA, HYDRYPHANTIDAE) FROM THE YAROSLAVL PROVINCE OF RUSSIA
Authors: Tuzovskij Petr V.
Published: December 2020

A description of the female and larva of a new water mite species Hydryphantes ildensis from Russia are given.
ECHINODERES DUJARDINII CLAPARÈDE, 1863 (KINORHYNCHA, CYCLORHAGIDA): A NEW RECORD FOR THE KINORHYNCH FAUNA OF TURKEY
Authors: Ürkmez Derya , Pardos Fernando , Sezgin Murat , Karaçuha Melek Ersoy , Öksüz İbrahim
Published: December 2020

Meiobenthic samplings conducted in the framework of a meiobenthos project in the subtidal coastal waters of Sinop Bay, Southern Black Sea revealed the first report of the kinorhynch Echinoderes dujardinii for the marine fauna of Turkey.
FIRST RECORD OF HARMONIA AXYRIDIS (PALLAS, 1773) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) FROM MONTENEGRO
Authors: Gligorović Aleksandra , Ibrahimi Halil , Gligorović Bogić
Published: December 2020

In this paper the alien coccinellid Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) is reported for the first time for Montenegro.
A NEW WATER MITE SPECIES OF THE GENUS CORTICACARUS LUNDBLAD, 1936 FROM CHILE (ACARI, HYDRACHNIDIA: HYGROBATIDAE)
Authors: Tuzovskij Petr V.
Published: December 2020

In this paper a new water mite species of the genus Corticacarus is described.
THE 46 YEARS OVERLOOKED SPECIES MONACHA OSHANOVAE PINTÉR & PINTÉR, 1970
Authors: Georgiev Dilian
Published: December 2020

The species Monacha (Monacha) oshanovae Pintér & Pintér, 1970 (Mollusca: Gastropoda) was re-collected during the period 2007-2016 from various localities of Bulgaria, including and its type locality. New information on this very poorly known species concerning its morphology, anatomy, distribution, biology and ecology was provided. Short notes on the Bulgarian species of the genus Monacha were made.
TEMELUCHA FLAVIA SP. N. FROM THE SOUTHERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE: CREMASTINAE)
Authors: Vas Zoltán
Published: December 2020

A new species, Temelucha flavia sp. n., of the ichneumon wasp subfamily Cremastinae is described from Tunisia and Jordan. An affix to the recently published identification key to the Western Palaearctic species of the genus is given.
The 1920 Ukrainian-Polish Alliance and Its Implications
Authors: Matviienko Matviienko , Doroshko Mykola
Published: December 2020

The article describes the internal political situation in the UPR and Poland before the conclusion of the Treaty of Warsaw in 1920. The authors argue that in the context of the end of World War I and the rebuilding of the world geopolitical order the UPR and the Republic of Poland were destined to establish allied relations with a view to strengthening their restored statehood and ensuring security in the Baltic-Black Sea region. However, the signature of the Treaty of Warsaw failed to preserve stable interstate cooperation between Ukraine and Poland due to a range of internal political and external factors. This situation cast a shadow over the preservation of the independence of the UPR and Ukrainian-Polish partnership. The military and political alliance of Ukraine and Poland broke apart due to inextricable external and internal aspects. It was a rearguard action and could not struggle against the strengthened Bolshevist Russia without the support of the Entente states. In the meantime, the 1920 Treaty of Warsaw was significant not only for Ukrainians who continued to fight for the independence of the UPR with the assistance of Poland until the end of 1921. The authors assume that the joint opposition of Ukraine and Poland in the summer of 1920 dashed the Kremlin’s marches on Poland, Romania, and Germany that could turn into a tragedy for those states and Europe as a whole. The authors stress that the Baltic states such as Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania gained their independence because of the military and political alliance of Ukraine and Poland and its struggle against the Bolshevist Russia. Poland got a chance to strengthen its statehood, as Moscow was significantly weakened by the war with the UPR and peasants’ insurrections in Ukraine. Keywords: UPR, Republic of Poland, Entente, Treaty of Warsaw, allied relations.
Operating Features of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in Romania in 1920
Authors: Rendiuk Teofil
Published: December 2020

The article covers the activities of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission of the UPR in Bucharest. The year of 1920 marked a special period in the relations of the UPR of the Directorate times with the neighboring Kingdom of Romania, given a specific geopolitical situation and the conditions of almost complete isolation of Ukraine caused by the relentless advance of the Bolshevist army from the north and east as well as an offensive of the White Guard troops of A. Denikin and P. Wrangel from the south. Under such circumstances, the UPR considered Romania as its most important military, political, and economic partner. In turn, the erstwhile Romanian leadership was deeply interested in the existence of an independent Ukraine, primarily as a political and military buffer zone between Romania and the aggressive Soviet Russia.
The article mentions the main areas of activity of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Bucharest: representing and protecting political, economic, and military interests of the UPR, encouraging trade relations, providing assistance to civilians and military emigrants from Ukraine who found themselves in the territory of the neighbouring country against their will as well as activities aimed at overcoming information vacuum around the UPR. The activities of the UPR Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Bucharest in 1920 contributed to the expansion of the Ukrainian idea abroad, promotion of knowledge about Ukraine and its struggle for independence, whilst drawing the attention of the international community to the acute problems Ukraine was facing at that time. The UPR Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Bucharest was also entrusted with a special task of providing the Ukrainian government with a full-fledged connection with Europe, especially with the En-tente countries.
The article also is a pioneering research of the aspect of activities of the Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission in Bucharest associated with providing working conditions in the city for I. Mazepa, Head of the Council of People’s Commissars of the UPR, in March 2020, who was forced to flee Ukraine because of unconducive military circumstances and seek asylum in the adjacent country.
Keywords: Extraordinary Diplomatic Mission, Ukrainian People’s Republic of the Directorate times, Kingdom of Romania, Isaak Mazepa, Kostiantyn Matsievych.
CRITERIA SYSTEM FOR COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF VARIOUS DRILLING RIGS TYPES APPLICABILITY UNDER SEVERE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
Authors: Ivanova Olga A. , Blagovidova Irina L. , Rodkina Anna V.
Published: December 2020

The article provides an analysis of existing multicriteria assessment methods. The hierarchy analysis method developed by T. Saati and the expert assessment method is proposed to structure the complex task of comparing and assessing the applicability of various drilling rigs types to extend the drilling season in severe climatic conditions under the influence of ice loads. The priority of the criteria for the hierarchy analysis method is based on an expert survey. The application of the expert assessment method allows taking into account the existing experience in the design and operation of offshore drilling facilities. Weights were determined based on the results of an expert survey using a simple mathematical apparatus. The program was developed in MS Excel to obtain a numerical assessment of criteria preferences. The results of the study can be used by design organizations at an early stage of design, i.e. for the conceptual stage of project development, with a significant lack of climatic and geological information about the construction site. The obtained results allow us to determine the most objective and effective form of choosing an acceptable option for the offshore structures construction, taking into account the possible minimization of its cost, ensuring safety and reliability for the entire operational period.
REDUCTION OF LOCAL VIBRATION ON THE TILLER OF AN OUTBOARD MOTOR USING A TRANSOM MULTI-LAYER VIBRATION PAD
Authors: Pokusaev Mikhail N. , Khmelnitskaya Anastasia A. , Khmelnitsky Konstantin E. , Kadin Aleksei A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the measurement and reduction of local vibration from outboard motors on small vessels. The level of local vibration on the tiller of an outboard motor of a small vessel according to GOST 28556-2016 "Outboard Motors. General safety requirements" should be specified in the motor operating instructions, but, according to the authors ' analysis, such information is not specified by manufacturers. To measure the vibration, modern verified equipment was used, including the "Ecofizika-110A" vibrometer. To reduce the vibration of outboard motors, the authors developed a multi-layer transom plate and carried out measurements on a motor boat with outboard motors "SEA PRO 2.5" and "SEA PRO 5.0". As a result of the study, it was found that the developed multi-layer transom overlay provides a maximum reduction of local vibration by 77% when measuring vibration acceleration, m/S2. It is also established that in Russia there are actually no regulatory requirements for the level of vibration on the tiller of outboard motors, while the system provided for in GOST 28556-2016 "Outboard motors. General safety requirements" standard of manufacturing plants, most often not specified in the actual operating instructions. This requires the development and introduction of standards for local vibration on the tiller of outboard motors or the expansion of existing regulations in the field of small vessels.
METHOD OF DETERMINING EFFICIENCY DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF INSTRUMENTS FOR ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF SHIP DRAUGHT
Authors: Telegin Anatoly I. , Nichiporuk Andrey O. , Malyshkin Alexander G.
Published: December 2020

The article justifies the relevance of improving the accuracy of determining the weight of cargo by draught of a vessel in order to increase the economic efficiency of the operation of ships. The authors propose to install remote draught meters on ships, and offer efficiency calculations for the introduction of devices for measuring the draught of ships and their application in practice. The analysis showed that, using traditional methods of draught determination, there is a very significant measurement error that negatively affects the quality of transportation and the reliability of determining the mass of the cargo. The authors present the methodology for determining the economic efficiency of ship equipment with remote draught meters. On test cases, performed for the conditions of transportation of various cargoes on specific lines, the expected efficiency of using remote precipitation gauges is shown in comparison with traditional methods for determining the ship's draft. According to the results obtained, the payback of the installation of draught meters on ships for low tariff cargoes occurs during five voyages, for more expensive and high tariff cargoes during the first voyage.
Análisis comparativo de las pautas del consejo de organizaciones internacionales de ciencias médicas (CIOMS) 2016. (Parte 3 de 3)
Authors: Saraiba Abel , Sánchez Daniel , Santos Soraya , Alonso Marcos , Colella María , Legón Juan , Trujillo Iselen , Padrón-Nieves Maritza
Published: December 2020

El este tercer trabajo se presenta el análisis comparativo de las últimas pautas de CIOMS 2016, realizado por estudiantes de la VI Cohorte de la Maestría en Bioética como parte de la evaluación de la asignatura Bioética e Investigación. En estas pautas se abordan de forma novedosa temas tan importantes como la investigación en grupos vulnerables, en situaciones de desastre y brotes de enfermedades de orden natural o creadas por el hombre e investigaciones con conglomerados, así como la compensación por daños, manejo de datos cuando se utiliza el entorno virtual y herramientas digitales y el conflicto de interés, lo cual proporcionará a los investigadores un aporte en su formación y una rápida adaptación a la nueva propuesta CIOMS.
Factores de crecimiento en el plasma: herramienta terapéutica en dermatología
Authors: Rivera Zulay
Published: December 2020

Las plaquetas contienen una gran cantidad de factores de crecimiento que participan en los procesos de cicatrización tisular. Entre ellos, el factor de crecimiento derivado de las plaquetas (PDGF), el factor de crecimiento transformante (TGF), el factor plaquetario 4 (PF4), la interleucina (IL)-1, el factor angiogénico derivado de las plaquetas (PDAF), el factor de crecimiento endotelial (VEGF), el factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGF), el factor de crecimiento endotelial derivado de las plaquetas (PDEGF), el factor de crecimiento de células epiteliales (ECGF) y el factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina (IGF). El plasma rico en plaquetas (PRP) es un derivado sanguíneo concentrado de la sangre total con una alta concentración de plaquetas. Otro componente esencial del PRP son las proteínas que actúan a nivel de la adhesión celular (fibrina, fibronectina y vitronectina), que proporcionan el soporte estructural necesario para la migración celular y para la proliferación y crecimiento tridimensional de los tejidos sobre los que actúa. La fibrina es la forma activada del fibrinógeno, sustrato final de todas las reacciones de coagulación, se transforma en fibrina insoluble por acción de la trombina. El gel de fibrina polimerizado constituye la primera matriz cicatricial de las heridas. Tanto el plasma rico en plaquetas como las mallas de fibrina varían en la composición y concentración de factores de crecimiento, proteínas y citocinas. En este trabajo se revisan las características de estos productos biológicos, su aplicación en dermatología así como los principales requisitos para su preparación
Capacidad antioxidante de un chocolate oscuro de granos cacao orgánico sin fermentar
Authors: Tafurt Geovanna , Suarez Oscar , Lares Mary del Carmen , Álvarez Clímaco , Liconte Neida
Published: December 2020

Se evaluó la composición proximal, el contenido de polifenoles totales y la capacidad antioxidante de un chocolate oscuro formulado a partir de granos de cacao orgánico, seco, y no sometido al proceso fermentativo. Este producto fue elaborado con insumos y procesos desarrollados en la Granja Experimental El Cairo, ubicada en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (GEL-UN), departamento de Arauca, Colombia. El contenido de grasa se encontró entre los rangos conocidos (>50%), siendo una característica ligada al origen genético, y a las condiciones climáticas. El alto contenido de proteínas (16,21%), evidencia que se trata de granos de cacao secos no fermentados. Tal contenido juega un papel importante en la formación de los precursores del sabor y aroma, en chocolates finos y exquisitos. El pH determinado es un indicativo de un chocolate amargo, con bajo índice de fermentación y de baja acidez acética o láctica. El contenido de polifenoles totales se relaciona de manera directa con la alta actividad antioxidante de este chocolate. Se concluye que el tipo de material genético usado como insumo, así como los procesos implementados para la obtención del chocolate, en GEL-UN, contribuyeron para la obtención de un producto tipo comercial, con propiedades funcionales, entre ellas las relacionadas con la capacidad antioxidante.