bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demystifying inertial specifications; supporting the inclusion of grid‐followers
Authors: Harrison Sam , Henderson Callum , Papadopoulos Panagiotis N. , Egea‐Alvarez Agusti
Published: March 2023

Inertial response from grid‐followers (GFLs) is deemed to be “synthetic” due to a slow response. In contrast, grid‐forming (GFM) inertial response is deemed to be faster and therefore “true” and more useful for frequency stability. This paper explores the differences and similarities between an established example of a GFM and a GFL inertial controller by carrying out parametric sweeps at different operating conditions. The analysis aims to assist the ongoing efforts to quantify grid stabilising phenomena, particularly the recent adaptation of the British grid code to incorporate GFM converters. The optimal tuning configurations are identified, showing that some configurations of the GFL can achieve fast inertial provision on strong grids. These configurations are shown to contain the grid frequency as effectively as the GFM, despite the opposing consensus in the literature. The results also highlight the importance of voltage‐source behaviours in determining the initial evolution of grid frequency. Although a blanket inclusion of all GFL inertial configurations is not appropriate, equally, the existing blanket disqualification could limit the assets available to support GFMs (who will certainly be required to stabilise the grid in a fundamental sense) and could inhibit the rate that the net zero transition can occur.
Nematode eggshells: A new anatomical and terminological framework, with a critical review of relevant literature and suggested guidelines for the interpretation and reporting of eggshell imagery
Authors: Bond Alan Thomas , Huffman David George
Published: March 2023

A literature review for a recent ultrastructural study of a trichinelloid eggshell revealed consistently occurring errors in the literature on nematode eggshell anatomy. Examples included nematodes of medical, veterinary, and agricultural importance in several orders. Previous researchers had warned of some of these errors decades ago, but a comprehensive solution was not offered until 2012 when a clarifying new anatomical and developmental interpretation of nematode eggshells was proposed by members of theCaenorhabditis elegansResearch Community. However, their findings were explained using arcane acronyms and technical jargon intended for an audience of experimental molecular geneticists, and so their papers have rarely been cited outside theC. eleganscommunity. Herein we (1) provide a critical review of nematode eggshell literature in which we correct errors and relabel imagery in important historical reports; (2) describe common reporting errors and their causes using language familiar to researchers having a basic understanding of microscopy and nematode eggs; (3) recommend a new hexalaminar anatomical and terminological framework for nematode eggshells based on the 2012C. elegansframework; and (4) recommend new unambiguous terms appropriate for the embryonated/larvated eggs regularly encountered by practicing nematodologists to replace ambiguous or ontogenetically restricted terms in the 2012C. elegansframework. We also (5) propose a resolution to conflicting claims made by theC. elegansteam versus classical literature regarding Layer #3, (6) extend theC. eleganshexalaminar framework to include the polar plugs of trichinelloids, and (7) report new findings regarding trichinelloid eggshell structure.
De l’ultra-rapide à l’ultra-intense : de nouveaux champs d’études
Authors: Dobosz Dufrenoy Sandrine , Ruchon Thierry , Vincenti Henri , Bresteau David , Monot Pascal , Marroux Hugo , Geneaux Romain , Hricovini Karol , Salieres Pascal
Published: March 2023

Le développement spectaculaire des lasers de puissance ces trente dernières années a ouvert de nouveaux champs d’études : la science attoseconde d’une part, l’optique relativiste d’autre part. Nous illustrons les nouvelles perspectives ouvertes dans divers domaines de la physique, la chimie, la médecine ou la science des matériaux à partir d’études effectuées sur les plateformes ATTOLab et UHI100 du Laboratoire Interactions, Dynamiques et Lasers (LIDYL) du CEA Paris-Saclay.
Influence de l’interprofessionnalité sur l’apprentissage du leadership dans le cadre de dispositifs de formation paramédicale recourant à la simulation. Étude LEADERSHIP
Authors: Molle Jérôme , Hidoux Marie-Annick , Bellet Bruno
Published: March 2023

Contexte : Dans le domaine de la santé, l’importance du facteur humain pour la sécurité des soins est de plus en plus prégnante. Les recherches ont ainsi conduit les équipes soignantes à se questionner sur leur gestion des compétences non techniques. Un leadership efficace est ainsi déterminant pour gérer une situation critique. Dans ces situations, ce leadership est traditionnellement assumé par le médecin. Pourtant, les situations hors présence médicale sont fréquentes. Les infirmières doivent alors assumer ce rôle et ce, dès leur sortie de formation. Lorsque ses caractéristiques sont similaires, le leadership infirmier possède une égale efficacité en situation critique. Les recommandations suggèrent d’utiliser la simulation pour développer et évaluer les compétences non techniques, notamment le leadership, en formation initiale. L’approche interprofessionnelle semble potentialiser le processus d’apprentissage. But : L’objectif de cette étude est de comparer le leadership d’équipes interprofessionnelles et monoprofessionnelles lors de situations de gestion de crise simulées (arrêt cardiaque adulte). Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude monocentrique (n = 102), exploratoire et observationnelle, non randomisée contrôlée avec comparaison à groupe historique. Résultats : Les scores de leadership, évalués par l’échelle f-TEAM (french-Team Emergency Assessment Measure), étaient significativement plus élevés dans le groupe interprofessionnel (Δ moyen = −1,21 ; p < 0,05). La théorie de l’apprentissage et l’enseignement contextualisé authentique suggère que l’authenticité de l’environnement interprofessionnel peut influer positivement sur le développement du leadership en situation de gestion de crise simulée. Conclusion : Cette étude semble montrer un impact positif de la simulation interprofessionnelle sur le développement du leadership chez les étudiants en soins infirmiers et les élèves aides-soignants.
The optimized gate recurrent unit based on improved evolutionary algorithm to predict stock market returns
Authors: Liu Chao , Gao Fengfeng , Zhao Qi , Zhang Mengwan
Published: March 2023

In order to accelerate the learning ability of neural network structure parameters and improve the prediction accuracy of deep learning algorithms, an evolutionary algorithm, based on a prior Gaussian mutation (PGM) operator, is proposed to optimize the structure parameters of a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network. In this algorithm, the sensitivity learning process of GRU model parameters into the Gaussian mutation operator, used the variance of the GRU model parameter training results as the Gaussian mutation variance to generate the optimal individual candidate set. Then, the optimal GRU neural network structure is constructed using the evolutionary algorithm of the prior Gaussian mutation operator. Moreover, the PGM-EA-GRU algorithm is applied to the prediction of stock market returns. Experiments show that the prediction model effectively overcomes the GRU neural network, quickly falling into a local optimum and slowly converging. Compared to the RF, SVR, RNN, LSTM, GRU, and EA-GRU benchmark models, the model significantly improves the searchability and prediction accuracy of the optimal network structure parameters. It also validates the effectiveness and the progressive nature of the PGM-EA-GRU model proposed in this paper with stock market return prediction.
Steane code analysis by randomized benchmarking
Authors: de Souza Barbosa Anderson , de Lima Marquezino Franklin , Portugal Renato
Published: March 2023

Quantum error correction codes (QECC) play a fundamental role in protecting the information processed in today’s noisy quantum computers. To build good error correction schemes, it is essential to understand how noise affects the behavior of these codes. In this research paper, we analyze Steane code, a 7-qubit QECC, using a randomized benchmarking (RB) protocol. With RB protocols, we can partially characterize the quality of implementation of a set of quantum gates. We show a scenario where Steane code with one logical qubit is advantageous compared to the situation with no quantum code. We obtained our results using a quantum simulator with custom noise models considering different numbers of noisy qubits.
Portale Hypertension: transjugulärer intrahepatischer
portosystemischer Shunt
Authors: Jehs Bertram , Scheurig-Münkler Christian , Kröncke Thomas
Published: March 2023

Eine Leberzirrhose mit portaler Hypertension und Varizenblutung ist eine
lebensbedrohliche Erkrankung. Der transjuguläre intrahepatische
portosystemischer Shunt (TIPS) stellt ein minimalinvasives Behandlungsverfahren
dar, um den Pfortaderdruck zu senken und hierdurch das Risiko für die
Patientinnen und Patienten zu minimieren.
The Role of 12/14F Ureteral Access Sheath in Flexible Ureteroscopy for Moderate Nephrolithiasis
Authors: Ozimek Tomasz , Dellas Pauline , Becker Benedikt , Miernik Arkadiusz , Roesch Marie Christine , Merseburger Axel Stuart , Kramer Mario Wolfgang , Wießmeyer Judith Riccarda
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The aim was a retrospective analysis of 12/14F ureteral access sheath (UAS) usage on perioperative outcomes in patients with moderate nephrolithiasis (MN). MN was defined as a maximum of two unilateral kidney stones with a maximum stone diameter of 6–10 mm.

Material and Methods: We conducted a monocentric retrospective univariate and multivariate analysis of flexible ureteroscopies (fURS) performed for MN between 01/2014 and 12/2018.

Results: A total of 402 fURS were performed in patients with urolithiasis; 112 MN cases underwent further analysis. UAS was successfully applied in 33 MN cases [33/112 (29.46%)]. UAS was inserted regardless of the maximum kidney stone diameter and the presence of multiple kidney stones (p > 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed a prolonged median operation time (UAS: 94 min, non-UAS: 74 min, p = 0.04) and median fluoroscopy time (UAS: 75 s, non-UAS: 57.5 s, p = 0.04) in the UAS cohort. These differences were not confirmed on multivariate logistic regression.

UAS was not associated with better stone-free rates in either the univariate or multivariate analysis (UAS: 26/33, non-UAS: 61/79, p = 1.0) nor with the occurrence of Clavien-Dindo ≥2 complications (UAS: 3/33, non-UAS: 9/79, p = 0.98) or median length of hospital stay (UAS: 2 days, non-UAS: 2 days, p = 0.169).

Conclusion: We identified no statistical benefits from the usage of 12/14F UAS for MN. As no relevant UAS-associated complications were documented, both strategies (with and without UAS) are feasible.
Comparison of Full Endoscopic Lumbar Diskectomy Using the Transforaminal Approach versus Interlaminar Approach for L5–S1 Lumbar Disk Herniation Treatment: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Ming-Tao , Hu Bao-Shan , Chen Chien-Min , Liu Hong-Qi , Lin Guang-Xun
Published: March 2023

Background Numerous studies have examined the clinical effectiveness of transforaminal full endoscopic lumbar diskectomy (T-FELD) and interlaminar full endoscopic lumbar diskectomy (I-FELD) for L5–S1 lumbar disk herniation (LDH), with mixed findings. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the perioperative outcomes, clinical results, and complications of T-FELD and I-FELD to determine their efficacy and safety for treating L5–S1 LDH and to examine the features of complications in depth.

Methods Several databases were searched for articles that matched all of the inclusion criteria. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to assess the clinical results. Information on perioperative outcomes and complications was gathered and analyzed.

Results Eight studies with 756 participants were included. There were no significant differences in postoperative bed time (p = 0.44) and hospitalization time (p = 0.49) between T-FELD and I-FELD. When compared with I-FELD, T-FELD was associated with substantially longer fluoroscopy time (p < 0.0001) and operating time (p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in the preoperative and postoperative VAS and ODI scores between T-FELD and I-FELD. The rates for overall complications, postoperative dysesthesia, postoperative lower extremity pain, incomplete decompression, recurrence, and conversion to open surgery were comparable for T-FLED and I-FELD.

Conclusion T-FELD and I-FELD had equal clinical results and safety for treatment of L5–S1 LDH. Fluoroscopy and operative times were shorter for I-FELD than for T-FELD.
Inside Out Cranioplasty: A Novel Technique for One-Stage Reconstruction of Persistent Scalp Necrosis
Authors: Yokoya Shigeomi , Oka Hideki , Hino Akihiko
Published: March 2023

Background Cranioplasty can be a challenging procedure in certain patients, such as those with scalp necrosis, or when performed after multiple surgical procedures. Herein, we present a patient in whom a part of the skull was placed inside out in a setting where the scalp wound could not be simply sutured because of multiple previous operations.

Methods A 66-year-old patient with a history of multiple craniotomies to resect an intracranial tumor suffered significant skin flap necrosis after harvesting the superficial temporal artery for a bypass intending to ligate the internal carotid artery. He subsequently underwent a one-stage reconstruction surgery, in which the central part of the bone was excised, turned over, and fixed at the inner plate of the bone flap on the outside, and the outer plate on the inside.

Results This technique reduced the skin tension and reduced the epidural dead space, allowing skin flap healing with acceptable cosmetic results.

Conclusion “Inside out cranioplasty” is a valid option for one-stage reconstruction in the cases with scalp necrosis.
Anterior Inter-hemispheric Transcallosal Approach for Resection of Colloid Cyst: A Video Abstract
Authors: Basindwah Sarah , Hawsawi Aysha , Alduhaish Amjad , Ajlan Abdulrazag
Published: March 2023

Background Although histologically benign, colloid cysts have been an entity of interest to neurosurgeons due to the wide array of possible presentations ranging from asymptomatic to high ICP symptoms to sudden death. It is estimated that colloid cysts represent 0.3 to 2% of all brain tumors.1

As they are typically located in the third ventricle, multiple approaches have been adapted and developed for the maximum resection with the least complications given the sensitive anatomy in the area.1
2 The interhemispheric transcallosal approach can be safely performed to fully resect a third ventricle colloid cyst with close to zero recurrence rate and minimal to none permanent deficits.3 This video is an educational illustration of the surgical technique and the related anatomy for the interhemispheric transcallosal approach and how to provide best chances of a benign postoperative course.

Case Description In this surgical video, we present a case of a 20-year-old male, a known case of hypertension and un-controlled diabetes type-1, presented to our hospital with on and off headache, dizziness, and diplopia that gradually progressed. His neurological exam was unremarkable including memory function. CT and MRI scans demonstrated a rounded sharply demarcated lesion at the at the roof of the third ventricle, measuring 1 × 1 cm in size. The patient underwent an anterior inter-hemispheric transcallosal approach, with gross total resection of the cyst. In the follow-up office visit, the patient headache has resolved, and he had no seizures with preserved memory functions.

Conclusion When removal of the colloid cyst is indicated, the interhemispheric transcallosal approach can be performed safely with gross total resection and minimal neurological deficit. This is a surgical demonstration of the transcallosal approach showcasing the surgical corridors and related anatomy.
Association of ABO Blood Group with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia and Clinical Outcomes Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Pakistan
Authors: Azeem Saleha , Ashraf Mohammad , Kamboh Usman Ahmad , Raza Muhammad Asif , Farooq Minaam , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad , Tariq Simra , Choudhary Nabeel , Hussain Syed Shahzad , Ashraf Naveed
Published: March 2023

Background The ABO blood type, due to its various hemostaseologic properties, has been associated with several vascular diseases, including aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, the role of ABO blood type in delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) onset and other clinical outcomes after aSAH is largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association between ABO blood type and outcomes after aSAH, primarily DCI.

Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the data collected from 175 aSAH patients at a tertiary supraregional neurosurgery department over 5 years. Socio-demographic factors, clinical variables (DCI, mFG, WFNS grade, and Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge), EVD placement, and aneurysm size were analyzed for their association with ABO blood type.

Results DCI was reported in 25% of patients with ‘O’ blood type and 9.6% with ‘non-O’ blood type. A stepwise logistic regression model showed that after adjusting for BMI, mFG, WFNS grade, and EVD placement, ‘O’ type blood group was an independent risk factor for DCI, greatly increasing the risk of DCI as compared to ‘non-O’ type groups (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 1.21–8.82).

Conclusion This study provides evidence that individuals with ‘O’ blood type may have a higher risk of DCI onset after aSAH. However, further studies are essential to address the limitations of our work and confirm our findings.
Effectiveness of Standard Treatment for Stage 4 Colorectal Cancer: Traditional Management with Surgery, Radiation, and Chemotherapy
Authors: Feria Alejandro , Times Melissa
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States comprising 7.9% of all new cancer diagnoses and 8.6% of all cancer deaths. The combined 5-year relative survival rate for all stages is 65.1% but in its most aggressive form, stage 4 CRC has a 5-year relative survival rate of just 15.1%. For most with stage 4 CRC, treatment is palliative not curative, with the goal to prolong overall survival and maintain an acceptable quality of life.

The identification of unique cancer genomic and biologic markers allows patient-specific treatment options. Treatment of stage 4 CRC consists of systemic therapy with chemotherapeutic agents, surgical resection if feasible, potentially including resection of metastasis, palliative radiation in select settings, and targeted therapy toward growth factors. Despite advances in surgical and medical management, metastatic CRC remains a challenging clinical problem associated with poor prognosis and low overall survival.
Epidemiology of Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Trends in the Incidence, Prevalence, Age Distribution, and Impact on Life Span
Authors: Ilyas Mohammed Iyoob Mohammed
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy in men and women. Historically, stage IV colorectal cancer has 10 to 15% five-year survival. Developments in the management of colorectal metastatic disease have helped improve the overall survival of stage IV colorectal cancers from 12 to 30 months with some patients achieving disease-free survival.
Focal Cancer in Colitis
Authors: Lam Cyrena C. , Kethman William
Published: March 2023

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a known complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Widely accepted guidelines recommend that patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed with CRC undergo total proctocolectomy with or without ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, and that patients with Crohn's disease and CRC undergo either total colectomy or proctocolectomy. These approaches are ideal for preventing synchronous and metachronous cancer, minimizing risk of refractory colitis requiring reoperation, and is the appropriate treatment for the vast majority of patients with IBD who are diagnosed with CRC and require surgical intervention. Segmental colectomy, however, may be considered in select patients with IBD and CRC, specifically in elderly patients with short disease duration, in patients with mild colitis identified preoperatively, in patients with high operative risk and prohibitive comorbidities, and in patients whose CRC appears to be sporadic as opposed to colitis-associated. Patients undergoing segmental resection must be closely surveilled postoperatively for dysplasia, recurrent cancer, and refractory colitis.
Qualitative Research and Applications in Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Vitous C. Ann , Suwanabol Pasithorn A.
Published: March 2023

Traditionally employed in medical anthropologic and sociologic literature, qualitative methods are emerging as an essential component of clinical research as surgeons and researchers strive to optimize care informed by patient perspectives. Qualitative methods in health care–related research may be used to understand subjective experiences, beliefs, and concepts that are not captured using quantitative analyses and to gain in-depth knowledge of a specific context or culture. A qualitative approach may also be employed to explore under-researched problems and generate new ideas. Here, we provide an overview of aspects to consider when designing and conducting a qualitative research study.
Small Bowel Carcinoma in the Setting of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Bhatt Himani , Mathis Kellie L.
Published: March 2023

Small bowel carcinomas are rare in the general population, but the incidence is increasing. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are at significantly higher risk of small bowel adenocarcinomas than their non-IBD counterparts, with Crohn's patients having at least a 12-fold increased risk and ulcerative colitis patients with a more controversial and modest 2-fold increased risk compared with the general population. IBD patients with small bowel carcinomas present with nonspecific symptoms that overlap with typical IBD symptoms, and this results in difficulty making a preoperative diagnosis. Cross-sectional imaging is rarely diagnostic, and most cancers are found incidentally at the time of surgery performed for an IBD indication. As such, most small bowel carcinomas are found at advanced stages and carry a poor prognosis. Oncologic surgical resection is the treatment of choice for patients with locoregional disease with little evidence available to guide adjuvant therapy. Patients with metastatic disease are treated with systemic chemotherapy, and surgery is reserved for palliation in this population. Prognosis is poor with few long-term survivors reported.
Treating Benign Accumulation Pattern in Young and Middle-Aged Women According to the Theory of Yang Stagnation
Authors: Zhang Wenke , Cheng Xufeng , Li Zhikun , Zhao Huiduo , Wang Beibei
Published: March 2023

Benign breast nodules, thyroid nodules, and myoma of the uterus are similar in etiology and pathogenesis. These three diseases are classified according to accumulation patterns in traditional Chinese medicine theory and can be treated with the same prescription. Yang stagnation is the basic pathogenesis of benign accumulation patterns in young and middle-aged women. Its treatment principle should be “unblocking yang,” and its treating methods should include diffusing yang, warming yang, dissolving phlegm, and dissipating stasis, which can unblock yang qi and dissolve stasis. Meanwhile, heart-nourishing and mind-calming ingredients should be included in the prescriptions to improve the clinical manifestations.
Reducing Postoperative Swelling, Edema, and Ecchymosis after Open Rhinoplasty Using Intranasal Drainage
Authors: Haack Sebastian , Mann Steven , Gahl Brigitta , Haug Martin
Published: March 2023

Reducing postoperative strain on the patient after rhinoplasty is an important goal for the surgeon. Many strategies are described to reach that goal. One strategy is to remove blood from under the dissected soft tissue envelope by drains, before it can infiltrate the different layers causing ecchymosis, edema, and swelling. In our setting with wide degloving and using drains, we could show a significant reduction in ecchymosis on day 2 and 14 after surgery (p = 0.006 and p = 0.017). We also observed a significant effect for edema and general swelling on day 2 (p = 0.027 and p = 0.004), but this effect did not reach significance for these two parameters on day 14. And although the long-term effect needs to be assessed in the future, we found that using drains in open rhinoplasty with wide degloving is an easily applicable, cheap, and reproducible approach to reduce postoperative ecchymosis, edema, and swelling.
Combined Bile Duct Ablation and Fistulous Tract Embolization Using N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate to Manage a Biliary-Cutaneous Fistula Following Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Patel Ranjan Kumar , Tripathy Tara Prasad , Alagappan Alamelu , Dutta Tanmay , Nayak Hemant Kumar , Pattnaik Bramhadatta
Published: March 2023

Biliary fistula and bile leak are known complications following hepatobiliary surgery, trauma, and percutaneous biliary interventions. In the case of an isolated biliary system with a prolonged indwelling percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) catheter, a biliary-cutaneous fistula (BCF) may develop after catheter blockage or its accidental slippage. Due to the absence of internal drainage, secreted bile flows through the matured PTBD tract to form a fistula. If left untreated, chronic BCF will result in malabsorption, infection, and delayed wound healing. Here, we report a case of left-sided BCF following prolonged PTBD for Bismuth type II cholangiocarcinoma (metastatic disease), which was initially managed by bile duct ablation using N-butyl cyanoacrylate. The patient further needed fistulous tract embolization to obliterate the BCF.
Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock and Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation: Pulling Out All the Stops
Authors: Glazier Margaret Mary , Kaki Amir
Published: March 2023

We report the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented with an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and refractory ventricular fibrillation. Following prolonged resuscitation in the emergency room, she was transferred to the cardiac catheterization laboratory where, as a first step, mechanical circulatory support with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was established. Next, a right heart catheterization study was performed, followed by coronary angiography and angioplasty of the infarct-related artery. Promptly on transfer to the intensive care unit, a hypothermia protocol was initiated. By postprocedure day 1, the patient's ventricular fibrillation had resolved, mean arterial pressure was >65 mm Hg, and pulmonary artery diastolic pressure was 10 mm Hg. Echocardiography demonstrated complete recovery of left ventricular systolic function. Lactate levels had fallen from 11.0 mmol/L (pre-ECMO) to 1.2 mmol/L. The patient was successfully weaned off pressor and ECMO support within 24 hours of the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure. She was extubated on postprocedure day 2 and discharged home on day 6. At 26-month follow-up, she remains well, angina free, neurologically intact, and without evidence of heart failure. The treatment algorithm used in this case should be considered favorably in the management of patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and refractory ventricular fibrillation.
Application of artificial neural networks for modeling of electronic excitation dynamics in 2D lattice: Direct and inverse problems
Authors: Juknevicius Pranas , Chmeliov Jevgenij , Valkunas Leonas , Gelzinis Andrius
Published: March 2023

Machine learning (ML) approaches are attracting wide interest in the chemical physics community since a trained ML system can predict numerical properties of various molecular systems with a small computational cost. In this work, we analyze the applicability of deep, sequential, and fully connected neural networks (NNs) to predict the excitation decay kinetics of a simple two-dimensional lattice model, which can be adapted to describe numerous real-life systems, such as aggregates of photosynthetic molecular complexes. After choosing a suitable loss function for NN training, we have achieved excellent accuracy for a direct problem—predictions of lattice excitation decay kinetics from the model parameter values. For an inverse problem—prediction of the model parameter values from the kinetics—we found that even though the kinetics obtained from estimated values differ from the actual ones, the values themselves are predicted with a reasonable accuracy. Finally, we discuss possibilities for applications of NNs for solving global optimization problems that are related to the need to fit experimental data using similar models.
Mechanics–thermotics–chemistry coupling response model and numerical simulation method for reactive liner
Authors: Xiao Jianguang , Yang Yifan , Lu Guancheng , Zheng Yuanfeng
Published: March 2023

Aiming at describing the mechanics–thermotics–chemistry coupling response of the reactive material liner under impact loading, the Grüneisen equation of state in the form of P–V–T was derived. Combined with the impact temperature rise theory, heat conduction theory, and Arrhenius chemical reaction kinetic model, the mechanics–thermotics–chemistry coupling response model is established. A numerical simulation framework for the thermodynamic response of reactive materials under impact load was established, and numerical simulation codes for the impact-induced energy release behavior of reactive materials was developed based on the material point method, which realized the numerical simulation of the formation behavior of the reactive material penetrator (jet) under explosion load. The results show that chemical reactions occur in the process of reactive material jet formation, and high temperature and high pressure products make the jet expand and thicken constantly, resulting in the decrease in the density of the jet head and the increase in the cross-sectional area. As such, the jet has hardly any armor-piercing capability at stand-offs of 2.5 times the caliber, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.
The wideband tunability of double Gunn diodes
Authors: Butts L. , El-Ghazaly S.
Published: March 2023

Gunn diodes use the Ridley–Watkins–Hilsum effect to generate low noise millimeter wave signals for communication and sensing applications. However, Monte Carlo calculations indicate that the velocity–field characteristics of compensated GaAs contain a second peak due to phonon scattering. A novel device that leverages this double Ridley–Watkins–Hilsum effect to achieve ultra-wideband tunability of low-noise millimeter waves is proposed in this article. The second region of negative differential mobility is gradually introduced in seven mobility profiles, which are each simulated in eight device lengths. It is found that a 2.5 μm Gunn diode with a compensation ratio of 0.6 operating at 160 K has a 700% increase in frequency tunability. An analysis of the domain formation indicates that the increase in tunability is due to significant distortions in domain shape. Gunn diodes with transit lengths of 2 μm and smaller show a 100% increase in tunability due to modulations in the effective transit length and absorption rate. These simulations indicate that compensated GaAs could provide linear, ultra-wideband frequency tunability.
A silent call for a socially and ecologically just One Health approach
Authors: Ferdowsian Hope
Published: March 2023

In 1962, the world began reading biologist Rachel Carson’s warnings of a silent spring, which challenged the claim that humans are separate from nature. Carson wrote of a hidden danger—a synthetic insecticide known as DDT—threatening human and nonhuman lives. She warned of how birdless skies and fishless waterways foreshadowed what could happen to humans—ultimately ushering in an environmental movement and a transformation in national and international policy.

One Health Impact Statement

This article is an invited commentary that illustrates the need for a socially and ecologically just One Health approach and how the author arrived at this evidence-based view throughout her own medical and public health career.
Enhancing social entrepreneurial intentions through outcome expectations, perceived social support and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy: the moderating effects of sustainability orientation (Mejora de las intenciones empresariales sociales a través de las expectativas de resultados, el apoyo social percibido, y la auto-eficacia empresarial social: los efectos moderadores de la orientación a la sostenibilidad)
Authors: Ip Ching-Yin , Liang Chaoyun
Published: March 2023

With reference to expectancy theory, this study examines the effects of empathy, outcome expectations, perceived social support and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy on social entrepreneurial intentions (SEI). Furthermore, it elucidates the moderating effects of sustainability orientation on these relationships. A quantitative survey method was adopted, and 502 valid responses were included in the analysis. The results of multiple regression revealed that perceived social support and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy positively influence SEI. Results of moderation analysis by using the PROCESS macro for SPSS have revealed that sustainability orientation positively moderates the associations between outcome expectations and SEI, perceived social support and SEI, and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy and SEI. This study offers an explanation for the inconsistencies in reports on the direct effects of outcome expectations and social entrepreneurial self-efficacy on SEI in different samples and provides suggestions that can be used by educators and governments to foster social entrepreneurship.
Rotary friction welding of Inconel 718 – AISI 304 stainless steel dissimilar joint
Authors: Ajay V. , Naveen Kumar M. , Kishore Babu N. , Mahesh Kumar T. , Vamshi Krishna K. , Madhusudan Reddy G.
Published: March 2023

Nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 and austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 are joined by rotary friction welding. The changes in microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar joint for solutionising, solutionising + aging, and post-weld aging treatment, with a prior solution heat treatment, are studied. Two distinct microstructural zones, the FDZ (fully deformed zone) and the TMAZ (thermo-mechanically affected zone) are observed in all weldments. The post-weld aged joint sample shows the highest tensile strength and hardness due to the precipitation of γ′ (Ni3(Ti, Al)) and γ″ (Ni3Nb) strengthening precipitates. The solution-treated sample shows the highest yield strength, while the solutionising + aging treatment is found to deteriorate the mechanical properties of the dissimilar joint. The observed changes in the mechanical properties are investigated based on microstructure and electron dispersive spectroscopy.
Investigation of Ga2O3/diamond heterostructure solar-blind avalanche photodiode via TCAD simulation
Authors: Xu 许 Dun-Zhou 敦洲 , Jin 金 Peng 鹏 , Xu 徐 Peng-Fei 鹏飞 , Feng 冯 Meng-Yang 梦阳 , Wu 吴 Ju 巨 , Wang 王 Zhan-Guo 占国
Published: March 2023

A Ga2O3/diamond separate absorption and multiplication avalanche photodiode (SAM-APD) with mesa structure has been proposed and simulated. The simulation is based on an optimized Ga2O3/diamond heterostructure TCAD physical model, which is revised by repeated comparison with the experimental data from the literature. Since both Ga2O3 and diamond are ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor materials, the Ga2O3/diamond SAM-APD shows good solar-blind detection ability, and the corresponding cutoff wavelength is about 263 nm. The doping distribution and the electric field distribution of the SAM-APD are discussed, and the simulation results show that the gain of the designed device can reach 5 × 104 and the peak responsivity can reach a value as high as 78 A/W.
Synchronization of stochastic complex networks with time-delayed coupling
Authors: Duolan 兰 , Xiang Linying , Chen Guanrong
Published: March 2023

Noise and time delay are inevitable in real-world networks. In this article, the framework of master stability function is generalized to stochastic complex networks with time-delayed coupling. The focus is on the effects of noise, time delay, and their inner interactions on the network synchronization. It is found that when there exists time-delayed coupling in the network and noise diffuses through all state variables of nodes, appropriately increasing the noise intensity can effectively improve the network synchronizability; otherwise, noise can be either beneficial or harmful. For stochastic networks, large time delays will lead to desynchronization. These findings provide valuable references for designing optimal complex networks in practical applications.
Paradoxical roles of inhibitory autapse and excitatory synapse in formation of counterintuitive anticipated synchronization
Authors: Ding Xue-Li , Gu Hua-Guang , Li Yu-Ye , Jia Yan-Bing
Published: March 2023

Different from the common delayed synchronization (DS) in which response appears after stimulation, anticipated synchronization (AS) in unidirectionally coupled neurons denotes a counterintuitive phenomenon in which response of the receiver neuron appears before stimulation of the sender neuron, showing an interesting function of brain to anticipate the future. The dynamical mechanism for the AS remains unclear due to complex dynamics of inhibitory and excitatory modulations. In this article, the paradoxical roles of excitatory synapse and inhibitory autapse in the formation of AS are acquired. Firstly, in addition to the common roles such that inhibitory modulation delays and excitatory modulation advances spike, paradoxical roles of excitatory stimulation to delay spike via type-II phase response and of inhibitory autapse to advance spike are obtained in suitable parameter regions, extending the dynamics and functions of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations. Secondly, AS is related to the paradoxical roles of the excitatory and inhibitory modulations, presenting deep understandings to the AS. Inhibitory autapse induces spike of the receiver neuron advanced to appear before that of the sender neuron at first, and then excitatory synapse plays a delay role to prevent the spike further advanced, resulting in the AS as the advance and delay effects realize a dynamic balance. Lastly, inhibitory autapse with strong advance, middle advance, and weak advance and delay effects induce phase drift (spike of the receiver neuron advances continuously), AS, and DS, respectively, presenting comprehensive relationships between AS and other behaviors. The results present potential measures to modulate AS related to brain function.
Efficient inference in the transverse field Ising model
Authors: Domínguez E , Kappen H J
Published: March 2023

In this paper we introduce an approximate method to solve the quantum cavity equations for transverse field Ising models. The method relies on a projective approximation of the exact cavity distributions of imaginary time trajectories (paths). A key feature, novel in the context of similar algorithms, is the explicit separation of the classical and quantum parts of the distributions. Numerical simulations show accurate results in comparison with the sampled solution of the cavity equations, the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian (when possible) and other approximate inference methods in the literature. The computational complexity of this new algorithm scales linearly with the connectivity of the underlying lattice, enabling the study of highly connected networks, as the ones often encountered in quantum machine learning problems.
System tests of the ATLAS ITk planar and 3D pixel modules
Authors: Müller R.
Published: March 2023

In order to validate the design of the new all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk) for ATLAS for the HL-LHC, a series of system tests has been performed, to assess the performance of prototype planar and 3D pixel modules arranged into serial power chains mounted onto realistic mechanical structures. In this paper, the prototype loaded local supports and test infrastructure is described and the key results presented.
Sustainability Status of Capture Fisheries Management in The Coastal Area of Tegal City Based on Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS)
Authors: Alamsyah Heru Kurniawan , Kusnandar  , Mulyani Sri , Simanjuntak Susi Watina , Zuhry Noor , Nugroho Beni Sabdo
Published: March 2023

The sustainability of capture fisheries management is determined by the relationship between important dimensions such as ecological, socio-economic, technological, as well as legal and institutional dimensions. Sustainability in capture fisheries management has urgency in the lives of fishing communities, the interests of the state as well as in the framework of sustainable development including in meeting consumption needs at various levels of society. This study aims to: 1) Determine the status of capture fisheries through the Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) approach. 2) Analyze policies to support capture fisheries at the research site. Data was collected through direct interviews with respondents through questionnaires. The data collected is data on ecological, socio-economic, technological, legal and institutional aspects. This research method uses a Multi-dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach on the ecological, socio-economic, technological, legal and institutional dimensions with the Rapfish technique. The results of the analysis of sustainable capture fisheries management in the city of Tegal based on five main dimensions were obtained for the Ecological dimension of 40.25% (less sustainable), the Economic dimension of 54.96% (Moderately sustainable), the Social dimension of 10% (Enough sustainable sustainable), ), the Technological Dimension of 51.20% (Moderately sustainable), and the Institutional dimension of 50.03% (Moderately Sustainable).
A Review on Different Zooplankton Culturing Techniques and Common Problems Associated with Declining Density
Authors: Rahman Hafiz , Azani Nizalmie , Suhaimi Hidayu , Yatim Siti Rohana , Yuslan Amirah , Rasdi Nadiah Wan
Published: March 2023

Zooplankton are primary consumers and serves as a crucial connection between primary producers and consumers in the aquatic food chain and higher consumers. Plankton is consumed by more than 75% of fish species at some point throughout their life. Supply of live feed cultures is critical to the expansion of aquaculture enterprises, particularly the larviculture sector, which generates fish and crustacean seeds for grow-out businesses. However, zooplankton is rarely farmed in high enough densities to be commercially viable on a large scale. This is owing to dynamic changes in physicochemical conditions in the culture system, which would normally result in a shift in the reproduction pathway from parthenogenetic to sexual, which creates resting eggs and reduces overall live feed output. The density of these live feed organisms can alter in response to environmental conditions such as eutrophication due to an excess of nutrients, acidification, pollution, salinity intrusion, and other factors that occur within the system. The water quality and food supply in the system have a big impact on zooplankton population dynamics, especially in a culture environment. The goal of this review is to have a better understanding of the many strategies for growing zooplankton utilizing various fertilization methods in order to maintain a constant population density. This review focusing on the density of zooplankton, the biological responses of live feed to fertilization, and common challenges that farmers face in the culture. In particular, we (i) examine the many zooplankton culture techniques that have been developed over time, (ii) explain the biological reactions of zooplankton to changes in culture conditions, and (iii) show the frequent issues as-sociated with live feed culture.
Identification of Fish Species in Kuning River, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region
Authors: Budiantoro Agung , Noor Haikal
Published: March 2023

One of the ecosystems inhabited by many types of fish is a river. Kuning River is one of the rivers in Sleman Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta, which upstream is located at Mount Merapi. In 2010 there was a large cold lava flood in the Yellow River from Mount Merapi. So far, no identification of fish species in the river has been carried out. The purpose of the study was to determine the types of fish in the Yellow River (both local and introduced) and the state of the abiotic environment. The method used is purposive sampling with three research stations. Each station is divided into three sampling points. The fish samples obtained were identified in the Biology laboratory of Ahmad Dahlan University. Based on the identification, there are a total of 16 species of fish, with 13 local species, namely; Barbodes binotatus (cakul), Hampala macrolepidota (palung), Mystacoleucus obtusirostris (kepek), Rasbora argyrotaenia (wader pari), Labiobarbus leptocheilus (lukas), Barbonymus gonionotus (tawes), Osteochilus vittatus (nilem), Nemacheilus fasciatus (kepala timah), Channa gachua (kotes), Channa striata (gabus), Trichopodus trichopter (sepat), and Dermogenys pusilla (cucut tawar) and 3 introducedspecies, namely; Poecilia reticulata (gupi), Xiphophorus helleri (ekor pedangl), and Amphilopus labiatusus (red devil). Abiotic parameters in the Yellow River, Sleman Regency, DIY; average temperature, water pH, current strength, dissolved oxygen (DO) indicate normal conditions for fish survival.
Assessment of grouper’s catch, diversity and abundance in Saleh Bay, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan R , Wiryawan B , Purbayanto A , Yulianto I , Kleinertz S
Published: March 2023

Grouper are demersal fishes that can be found in tropical and subtropical waters. In Indonesia, one of the areas where grouper production takes place in Saleh Bay, a semi-enclosed water with small islands, coral reefs and a high diversity. Information’s about the population and abundance of grouper species in Saleh Bay are currently limited. The benefits of this research are to enhance the availability of information on grouper diversity and the area as grouper fishing ground for future improvement on grouper fisheries management in Saleh Bay. Therefore, the study aimed to analyse the diversity, equitability, species richness and dominance index of different grouper species and the grouper fishing ground in this area. The data were obtained from field observations and fish landing data. Grouper caught have been calculated for each fishing gear based on the following parameters: diversity index (Shannon-Wiener), species richness, equitability, and dominance index. The results showed that grouper fishing grounds are spread over Saleh Bay. Fishers caught grouper around small islands with coral reefs. The diversity of grouper for each fishing gear ranged in a moderate category. We found that the bottom longline caught the highest species richness of grouper compare to other fishing gears. The dominance index showed no dominance using each examined fishing gear, or it can be said that grouper species are evenly caught with each fishing gear based on the calculation of the equitability index.