bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage in lymphocytes from newborn babies of diabetic mothers with unbalanced glycaemic control
Authors: Tarquini F. , Tiribuzi R. , Crispoltoni L. , Porcellati S. , Del Pino A. M. , Orlacchio A. , Coata G. , Arnone S. , Torlone E. , Cappuccini B. , Di Renzo G. C. , Orlacchio A.
Published: April 2013

Several epidemiological studies showed that gestational diabetes mellitus is the most frequent metabolic disorder of pregnancy, the pathogenesis of which has yet to be completely clarified.

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and processing of caspase 3 (Casp3) and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in cord blood lymphocytes as markers of apoptosis in relation to glycaemic control during intrauterine life.

Our results showed a specific positive correlation between the levels of active Casp3 (17–19 kDa) and the inactive form of PARP1 (89 kDa) in lymphocytes isolated from newborn babies of diabetic women with unbalanced glycaemic control, with a direct correlation between the activation of casp3 and the inactivation of PARP1, that makes lymphocytes unresponsive towards lipopolysaccharide stimulation, highlighting an altered functional response.

Besides more studies are required to fully correlate the activation of the apoptotic process during the intrauterine life with the foetal health later in life, our study indicates that a cord blood lymphocyte, an easily accessible source, is informative about the activation of apoptotic stimuli in circulating cells of newborn babies in relation to the glycaemic control reached by the mother during pregnancy. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of Heat Transfer on Micro‐Structured Surfaces Based on Entropy Production
Authors: Jasch K. , Scholl S.
Published: April 2013

Surface structures with a well‐defined shape and dimension in a staggered arrangement were evaluated in terms of their capability to improve the single‐phase convective heat transfer in channels with small dimensions. Two evaluation criteria were used: (i) the thermal efficiency index, defined by the ratio of heat transfer enhancement and pressure drop increase, and (ii) the irreversible entropy generation which is determined by the entropy production rates through heat conduction and dissipation. Beside experimental measurements, parametric studies were performed using computational fluid dynamics to establish the entropy generation rates within the heated flow channel.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Coupling Mechanism in A‐Site Ordered Perovskite YMn3Al4O12: Extended (Mn—O)—(O—Mn) Superexchange
Authors: Li Hongping , Liu Xiaojuan , Li Changsheng , Lv Shuhui , Bai Yijia , Wang Zhongchang , Meng Jian
Published: April 2013

DFT calculations
ChemInform Abstract: Molecules with High Bond Orders and Ultrashort Lengths: CrU, MoU, and WU
Authors: Ruiperez Fernando , Merino Gabriel , Ugalde Jesus M. , Infante Ivan
Published: April 2013

ab initio calculations
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Ordering in Tetragonal 3d Metal Arsenides M2As (M: Cr, Mn, Fe): An ab initio Investigation
Authors: Zhang Yuemei , Brgoch Jakoah , Miller Gordon J.
Published: April 2013

DFT calculations
ChemInform Abstract: Anion Packing, Hole Filling, and HF Solvation in A2(HF)nB12F12 and K2(HF)TiF6 (A: K, Cs).
Authors: Peryshkov Dmitry V. , Friedemann Roland , Goreshnik Evgeny , Mazej Zoran , Seppelt Konrad , Strauss Steven H.
Published: April 2013

The crystal structures of the three new HF solvates K2(HF)TiF6 (I), K2(HF)3B12F12 (II), and Cs2(HF)3B12F12 (III) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: New Quaternary Chalcogenides Tl18Pb2M7Q25 (M: Ti, Zr, and Hf; Q: S and Se): Crystal Structure, Electronic Structure, and Electrical Transport Properties.
Authors: Sankar Cheriyedath Raj , Becker Anna , Assoud Abdeljalil , Kleinke Holger
Published: April 2013

The title compounds are prepared from mixtures of the elements (1073 K, 100 h) and characterized by single crystal XRD, electrical transport measurements, and DFT calculations.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Pressure Synthesis, Structure, and Photoluminescence of a New KSbO3‐Type Bismuth Germanate Bi3Ge3O10.5.
Authors: Cheng Jinguang , et al. et al.
Published: April 2013

Bi3Ge3O10.5 is obtained by high‐pressure solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of Bi2O3 and GeO2 (7 GPa, 700 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: On the Structure of α‐BiFeO3.
Authors: Li Guobao , et al. et al.
Published: April 2013

Poly‐ and single‐crystalline α‐BiFeO3 is synthesized by solid state reaction of a 2:1 molar mixture of Bi2O3 and Fe2O3 (alumina crucible, 800 °C, 2 h) and the flux growth method, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Ca10(CrVO4)6 (CrVIO4), a Disordered Mixed‐Valence Chromium Compound Exhibiting Inversion Twinning.
Authors: Gyepesova Dalma , Langer Vratislav
Published: April 2013

Samples containing 46, 49, and 51 wt.% Cr2O3 (primary crystallization field in the CaO—Cr2O3 system) in a mixture of CaCO3, CrO3, HNO3, and H2O are slowly heated to 1173 K and show the presence of Ca5(CrO4)3OH and CaCrO4.
ChemInform Abstract: Solvothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures, and Properties of New Mercury(II)—Thioantimonates(III) and a Mixed‐Valent Thioantimonate(III,V).
Authors: Tang Weiwei , Tang Chunying , Wang Fang , Chen Ruihong , Zhang Yong , Jia Dingxian
Published: April 2013

The new compounds (V), (VII), and (IX) crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c with Z = 4, and (VIII) in the monoclinic space group P21/n with Z = 2 (single crystal XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Single‐Step Preparation of the Mixed BaII—NbV Oxides from a Heteropolynuclear Oxalate Complex.
Authors: Juric Marijana , Popovic Jasminka , Santic Ana , Molcanov Kresimir , Brnicevic Nevenka , Planinic Pavica
Published: April 2013

The new oxalate‐based complex {Ba2(H2O)5 [NbO(C2O4)3] HC2O4}·H2O is synthesized from an aqueous solution of (NH4)3[NbO(C2O4)3] and Ba(NO3)2 (20 °C, 24 h, 65% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Three Barium Uranium Sulfides.
Authors: Mesbah Adel , Ibers James A.
Published: April 2013

The crystal structures of compounds (III), (IV), and (V) are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Triple‐Decker Sandwich Complex with a Six‐Membered [B3Co2(μ4‐Te)] Ring as the Middle Deck.
Authors: Thakur Arunabha , Chakrahari Kiran Kumar Varma , Mondal Bijan , Ghosh Sundargopal
Published: April 2013

Thermolysis of nido‐[(Cp*Mo)2B4TeClH5] with an excess of Co2(CO)8 at room temperature results in two boride clusters [(Cp*Mo‐CO)2B3H2(μ3‐Te) (μ‐CO){Co3(CO)6}] and [(Cp*Mo‐CO)2B3H2(μ3‐Te) (μ‐CO)4{Co6(CO)8}] as major products and a triple‐decker sandwich complex [(Cp*Mo)2{.mu±eta.6:η6‐B3 H3TeCo2(CO)5}] as a by‐product.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes Through Protodeboronation of Allylic Boronic Esters: Application to the Synthesis of the Californian Red Scale Beetle Pheromone.
Authors: Hesse Matthew J. , Butts Craig P. , Willis Christine L. , Aggarwal Varinder K.
Published: April 2013

Depending on the protonation conditions either E‐ or Z‐alkenes are selectively obtained from readily accessible allylic boronates.
ChemInform Abstract: A Dinuclear Ruthenium Catalyst with a Confined Cavity: Selectivity in the Addition of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids to Phenylacetylene.
Authors: Cheung Kwong‐Chak , Wong Wing‐Leung , So Ming‐Him , Zhou Zhong‐Yuan , Yan Siu‐Cheong , Wong Kwok‐Yin
Published: April 2013

A dinuclear Ru‐catalyst with a rigid anthracene spacer shows excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity in the atom‐economic addition of aliphatic carboxylic acids (II) to phenylacetylene (I) producing exclusively anti‐Markovnikov enol‐esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Heterocyclic Acceptors.
Authors: Holder Jeffrey C. , Marziale Alexander N. , Gatti Michele , Mao Bin , Stoltz Brian M.
Published: April 2013

This method uses mild, aerobic conditions and an easily prepared catalyst system.
ChemInform Abstract: “On Water”: Efficient Iron‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Aziridines with Heterocumulenes.
Authors: Sengoden Mani , Punniyamurthy Tharmalingam
Published: April 2013

The reaction proceeds in an aqueous suspension under aerobic conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation/Alkene Hydrogenation Mediated by [Pd(NHC)(PR3)] (NHC = N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Catalysts.
Authors: Hartmann Caroline E. , Jurcik Vaclav , Songis Olivier , Cazin Catherine S. J.
Published: April 2013

A highly efficient catalytic system for the tandem dehydrogenation of ammonia borane coupled with hydrogenation of alkenes (I), enones (III), and alkynes (V) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Transition‐Metal‐Free Benzylic C—H Bond Intermolecular Amination Utilizing Chloramine‐T and I2.
Authors: Takeda Youhei , Hayakawa Junpei , Yano Kazuki , Minakata Satoshi
Published: April 2013

The presented approach is used to prepare the N‐protected form of memantine (XV), which is a representative therapeutic agent for moderate to severe Alzheimer disease.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Synthesis of Nitriles from Alcohols or Aldehydes Using H5IO6/KI in Aqueous Ammonia.
Authors: Ghorbani‐Choghamarani Arash , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Hajjami Maryam , Sardari Sara
Published: April 2013

The oxidative conversion of alcohols or aldehydes using H5IO6/KI in aqueous ammonia is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Birch Reductive Alkylation of Methyl m‐(Hydroxymethyl)benzoate Derivatives and the Behavior of o‐ and p‐(Hydroxymethyl)benzoates under Reductive Alkylation Conditions.
Authors: Fretz Samuel J. , Hadad Christopher M. , Hart David J. , Vyas Shubham , Yang Dexi
Published: April 2013

Title reaction of methyl m‐(hydroxymethyl)benzoate derivatives using lithium in ammonia/THF in the presence of tert‐butyl alcohol, is achieved without loss of benzylic oxygen substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Additions of 2‐Alkylazaarenes to N‐Boc Imines and Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Best Daniel , Kujawa Szymon , Lam Hon Wai
Published: April 2013

The title reactions allow a new, convenient, and highly stereoselective approach to optically active heteroamines of type (III) and nitro compounds like (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Allylic Alkylations Through C—H Activation.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Thaisrivongs David A. , Donckele Etienne J.
Published: April 2013

This is the first catalytic enantioselective allylic C—H alkylation, accomplished by the use of a new class of phosphoramidite ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Nitronate Complexes as Tunable Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis and Other Transformations.
Authors: Wdowik Tomasz , Samojlowicz Cezary , Jawiczuk Magdalena , Malinska Maura , Wozniak Krzysztof , Grela Karol
Published: April 2013

Novel Ru(II) complexes (I) are obtained as a result of a stoichiometric reaction of Grubbs′ second generation catalysts with 3‐nitropropene.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Decarboxylative Amination: Synthesis of Axially Chiral Allenyl Amines.
Authors: Wan Baoqiang , Ma Shengming
Published: April 2013

This method yields chiral tosyl‐amine‐substituted allene derivatives in good yields and with high stereoselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Acetylation of Alcohols and Phenols Catalyzed by Recyclable Lithium Bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide.
Authors: Li Guilong , Zhao Gang
Published: April 2013

Lithium bis(perfluorooctylsulfonyl) imide efficiently catalyzes the acetylation of alcohols and phenols.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Selective Deprotection Method for Prenyl, Geranyl, and Phytyl Ethers and Esters Using Borontrifluoride—Etherate.
Authors: Narender T. , Venkateswarlu K. , Madhur G. , Reddy K. Papi
Published: April 2013

An efficient method is presented for the deprotection of prenyl, geranyl, and phytyl ethers and esters using borontrifluoride‐etherate as deprotecting agent.
ChemInform Abstract: The Palladium‐Catalyzed anti‐Markovnikov Hydroalkylation of Allylic Alcohol Derivatives.
Authors: DeLuca Ryan J. , Sigman Matthew S.
Published: April 2013

Allylic, homoallylic, and bishomoallylic protected alcohols react with alkyl zinc reagents to afford the anti‐Markovnikov products exclusively.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Alkyl Grignards with Aryl Sulfamates and Tosylates.
Authors: Agrawal Toolika , Cook Silas P.
Published: April 2013

Comparable results are obtained using sulfamates and tosylates as substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Preparation of Heteroaryl—Magnesium Reagents by Using a Br/Mg Exchange.
Authors: Saemann Christoph , Haag Benjamin , Knochel Paul
Published: April 2013

This describes the reaction of bromo‐heteroaryl Grignard reagents with a variety of electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: Halocycloalkenones as Diels—Alder Dienophiles. Applications to Generating Useful Structural Patterns.
Authors: Ross Audrey G. , Townsend Steven D. , Danishefsky Samuel J.
Published: April 2013

Bromocycloalkenone (II) is used as a potent dienophile in inter‐ and intramolecular Diels—Alder cycloadditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Approach Toward Chiral Cyclohex‐2‐enones from Anisoles via an Enantioselective Isomerization by a New Chiral Diamine Catalyst.
Authors: Lee Jung Hwa , Deng Li
Published: April 2013

It is found that the chiral amines (ALK) and (QUI) efficiently promote the asymmetric isomerization of cyclohex‐3‐enones, available from anisoles, to cyclohex‐2‐enones.
ChemInform Abstract: An Oxidopyrylium Cyclization/Ring‐Opening Route to Polysubstituted α‐Hydroxytropolones.
Authors: Meck Christine , Mohd Noushad , Murelli Ryan P.
Published: April 2013

Title compounds are generated by a BCl3‐mediated ring‐opening/aromatization/demethylation process of oxabicyclo[3.2.1]octenes which are obtained from the cycloaddition of oxidopyrylium triflates (I) with various alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Allenamides by Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling of 3‐Alkoxycarbonyloxy Ynamides or 1‐Alkoxycarbonyloxy Allenamides with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Cao Jian , Kong Yulong , Deng Yuan , Lai Guoqiao , Cui Yuming , Hu Ziqiang , Wang Guanhai
Published: April 2013

Different substituted allenamides are synthesized via the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Elusive Metal‐Free Primary Amination of Arylboronic Acids: Synthetic Studies and Mechanism by Density Functional Theory.
Authors: Zhu Chen , Li Gongqiang , Ess Daniel H. , Falck John R. , Kuerti Laszlo
Published: April 2013

A new, simple, and metal‐free method to prepare a wide a range of primary aromatic amines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Three‐Component One‐Pot Reaction of Hydrazones, Dihaloarenes, and Amines.
Authors: Roche Maxime , Hamze Abdallah , Brion Jean‐Daniel , Alami Mouad
Published: April 2013

The present new method allows efficient sequential C—C bond formation and intermolecular C—N cross‐coupling to afford 1,2‐diaryl ethylene derivatives of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Carboxylative Coupling of Benzyl Chlorides with Allyltributylstannane: Remarkable Effect of Palladium Nanoparticles.
Authors: Feng Xiujuan , Sun Anle , Zhang Sheng , Yu Xiaoqiang , Bao Ming
Published: April 2013

The reaction is catalyzed by (3.3.+‐.1.3)‐nm‐sized Pd‐nanoparticles, generated in situ from Pd(acac)2 as a precatalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Dihydrooxazine Oxides as Key Intermediates in Organocatalytic Michael Additions of Aldehydes to Nitroalkenes.
Authors: Sahoo Gokarneswar , Rahaman Hasibur , Madarasz Adam , Papai Imre , Melarto Mikko , Valkonen Arto , Pihko Petri M.
Published: April 2013

The product (IIIa) is volatile.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for the Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Chiral Heterocycles.
Authors: Le Phong Q. , Nguyen Thien S. , May Jeremy A.
Published: April 2013

The present new method employs modified‐BINOL catalyst whereas best results are achieved with LIGA.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfones from Arylsulfinic Acid Salts and Diaryliodonium Salts.
Authors: Umierski Natalie , Manolikakes Georg
Published: April 2013

An efficient, high‐yielding, and transition‐metal‐free synthesis of diaryl sulfones from arylsulfinic acid salts and diaryliodonium salts is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Single Electron Transfer‐Induced Grignard Cross‐Coupling Involving Ion Radicals as Exclusive Intermediates.
Authors: Uchiyama Nanase , Shirakawa Eiji , Hayashi Tamio
Published: April 2013

The reaction mechanism of cross‐coupling of aryl iodides (I) with Grignard reagent (II) is discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling in Flow Using Supported Catalysts: Mild, Clean, Efficient and Sustainable Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling in a Single Pass.
Authors: Munoz Juan de M. , Alcazar Jesus , de la Hoz Antonio , Diaz‐Ortiz Angel
Published: April 2013

The application of a silica‐supported Pd‐catalyst in Suzuki—Miyaura cross‐coupling is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Titanocene‐Catalyzed Multicomponent Coupling Approach to Diarylethynyl Methanes.
Authors: Gianino Joseph B. , Ashfeld Brandon L.
Published: April 2013

It provides a versatile method to prepare diarylethynyl methanes.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Sonogashira C—C Coupling Using a Heterogeneous Palladium—Copper Dual Reactor.
Authors: Tan Li‐Min , Sem Zhi‐Yu , Chong Wei‐Yuan , Liu Xiaoqian , Hendra Hendra , Kwan Wei Lek , Lee Chi‐Lik Ken
Published: April 2013

The reaction is carried out in a Pd‐coated tubular reactor placed in line with copper tubing in a continuous flow platform.
ChemInform Abstract: Photo‐Induced Sonogashira C—C Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by Simple Copper(I) Chloride Salt at Room Temperature.
Authors: Sagadevan Arunachalam , Hwang Kuo Chu
Published: April 2013

A novel palladium‐ and ligand‐free Sonogashira C—C coupling reaction is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Tandem Pauson—Khand Type Reactions of 1,4‐Enynes Tethered by a Cyclopropyl Group.
Authors: Chen Gen‐Qiang , Shi Min
Published: April 2013

A novel tandem Pauson—Khand type reaction of 1,4‐enynes (I) tethered by a cyclopropyl group with CO (II) proceeds in the presence of a Rh‐catalyst under CO atmosphere to give the corresponding inden‐1‐one derivatives (III) in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzo[g]chrysenes.
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Wu Ming‐Hao
Published: April 2013

A facile route for the synthesis of title compounds (VII) starting with commercially available isovanilin or 3‐hydroxybenzaldehyde is given.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Hg(II)‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Diazooxindoles and Alkenes.
Authors: Cao Zhong‐Yan , Zhou Feng , Yu Yi‐Hua , Zhou Jian
Published: April 2013

The first example of the dia‐ and enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclopropyloxindoles using a mercury salt is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Chiral Isotetronic Acids with Amphiphilic Imidazole/Pyrrolidine Catalysts Assembled in Oil‐in‐Water Emulsion Droplets.
Authors: Zhang Boyu , Jiang Zongxuan , Zhou Xin , Lu Shengmei , Li Jun , Liu Yan , Li Can
Published: April 2013

The new title organocatalyst forms an emulsion system in the reaction mixture through self‐assembly.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Access to Fully Substituted 3‐Formyl‐4‐iodofurans Through Iodocyclization of α‐Alkynyl β‐Alkoxy Enones.
Authors: Raffa Guillaume , Balme Genevieve , Monteiro Nuno
Published: April 2013

A novel method for the synthesis of not easily accessible 3‐formyl‐4‐iodofurans, which can serve as unique building blocks.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Efficient Ultrasound‐Promoted Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Benzo[b]furans via Intramolecular C—C Bond Formation in Ionic Liquid [bmim]BF4 at Room Temperature.
Authors: Yadav Nisha , Hussain Mohd. Kamil , Ansari Mohd. Imran , Gupta Puneet K. , Hajela Kanchan
Published: April 2013

Title compounds (II), (IV), (VI), and (VIII) are formed via a 5‐exo‐dig carbanion‐yne intramolecular cyclization mediated by K3PO4 as a mild base.
ChemInform Abstract: Three‐Component Access to Pyrroles Promoted by the CAN—Silver Nitrate System under High‐Speed Vibration Milling Conditions: A Generalization of the Hantzsch Pyrrole Synthesis.
Authors: Estevez Veronica , Villacampa Mercedes , Menendez J. Carlos
Published: April 2013

The sequential multicomponent synthesis of polysubstituted, functionalized pyrroles such (IV) and (VI) under solvent‐free mechanochemical conditions using ketone (I), primary amines and β‐dicarbonyl compounds (II) as building blocks is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Selanyl‐ and 3‐Sulfanylindoles Employing Trichloroisocyanuric Acid and Dichalcogenides.
Authors: Silveira Claudio C. , Mendes Samuel R. , Wolf Lucas , Martins Guilherme M. , von Muehlen Lisandro
Published: April 2013

The products are of biological interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Elements of Regiocontrol in the Direct Heteroarylation of Indoles/Pyrroles: Synthesis of Bi‐ and Fused Polycyclic Heteroarenes by Twofold or Tandem Fourfold C—H Activation.
Authors: Wang Zhen , Song Feijie , Zhao Yinsong , Huang Yumin , Yang Lei , Zhao Dongbing , Lan Jingbo , You Jingsong
Published: April 2013

The first palladium‐catalyzed cascade reaction involving the cleavage of four C—H bonds and the formation of two C—C bonds is presented [viz.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic [4 + 2] Cyclization of α,β‐Unsaturated Acyl Chlorides with 3‐Alkylenyloxindoles: Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirocarbocyclic Oxindoles.
Authors: Shen Li‐Tao , Jia Wen‐Qiang , Ye Song
Published: April 2013

This method yields the title compounds with high diastereoselectivities and good enantioselectivities (up to 93% e.e.).
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrazole Derivatives from Terminal Alkynes, Sulfonyl Azides, Diethyl Azadicarboxylate, and Sodium Arylsulfinates.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Nematpour Manijeh
Published: April 2013

This is a one‐pot multicomponent reaction which yields either highly functionalized pyrazole derivatives or hydrazinedicarboxylates.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition of Tertiary Aziridines and Carbon Dioxide Using a Recyclable Organocatalyst, 1,3‐Di‐tert‐butylimidazolium‐2‐carboxylate: Straightforward Access to 3‐Substituted 2‐Oxazolidones.
Authors: Ueno Atsushi , Kayaki Yoshihito , Ikariya Takao
Published: April 2013

Imidazolium‐2‐carboxylates derived from N‐heterocyclic carbenes and CO2 serve as efficient catalyst for CO2‐carboxylation of tertiary aziridines (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Approach to Δ2‐Isoxazolines from Ketones and Arylacetylenes.
Authors: Schmidt Elena Yu. , Tatarinova Inna V. , Ivanova Elena V. , Zorina Nadezhda V. , Ushakov Igor' A. , Trofimov Boris A.
Published: April 2013

The process involves at least five separate mechanistic steps: addition of ketones to arylacetylenes, oximation of the resulted β,γ‐unsaturated ketones, E→Z isomerization of the oximes (for oximes of alkyl‐ and cycloalkyl ketones), prototropic rearrangement of oximes of β,γ‐unsaturated ketones to oximes of α,β‐unsaturated ketones, and their final cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Thiazolyl‐Pyrazoline Derivatives via a Three‐Component Reaction and Their Antimicrobial Activity.
Authors: Sharifzadeh Bahman , Mahmoodi Nosrat O. , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Tabatabaeian Khalil , Chirani Alireza Salimi , Nikokar Iraj
Published: April 2013

Most of the novel compounds (IV) and (VI) exhibit good antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled β‐Protonation and [4 + 2] Cycloaddition of Enals and Chalcones via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene/Acid Catalysis: Toward Substrate Independent Reaction Control.
Authors: Fu Zhenqian , Sun Hui , Chen Shaojin , Tiwari Bhoopendra , Li Guohui , Chi Yonggui Robin
Published: April 2013

In the title reaction acid co‐catalysts are used to achieve selective homoenolate β‐protonation and controlled access to previously unobservable enolate products (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Fused Indenes via Au(I)‐Catalyzed C1—C5 Cyclization of Enediynes Bearing an Internal Nucleophile.
Authors: Hou Qiwen , Zhang Zhenhua , Kong Fanji , Wang Shaozhong , Wang Huaqin , Yao Zhu‐Jun
Published: April 2013

A tandem reaction initiated by Au(I)‐catalyzed C1—C5 cyclization of enediynes (I) and (III) bearing an internal carboxy nucleophile is developed, providing a novel route for the assembly of fused indene derivatives (II) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Olefination of Coumarins via Aerobic Oxidative Heck Reaction.
Authors: Min Minsik , Kim Yechan , Hong Sungwoo
Published: April 2013

A variety of 3‐vinyl and 3‐styryl coumarin derivatives (III) is prepared by oxidative Heck reaction of coumarins (I) in pivalic acid as solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold versus Silver Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroarylation Reactions of [(3‐Arylprop‐2‐ynyl)oxy]benzene Derivatives.
Authors: Arcadi Antonio , Blesi Federico , Cacchi Sandro , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Goggiamani Antonella , Marinelli Fabio
Published: April 2013

This reaction proceeds via a 6‐endo cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines by Addition of Aryl Grignard Reagents to Pyridine N‐Oxides.
Authors: Hussain Munawar , Banchelin Thomas Sainte‐Luce , Andersson Hans , Olsson Roger , Almqvist Fredrik
Published: April 2013

The reaction proceeds with high enantioselectivities using aromatic Grignard reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: Arylation of 2‐Substituted Pyridines via Pd‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross‐Coupling Reactions of 2‐Picolinic Acid.
Authors: Li Xinjian , Zou Dapeng , Leng Faqiang , Sun Chunxia , Li Jingya , Wu Yangjie , Wu Yusheng
Published: April 2013

The title reaction allows the simple and inexpensive preparation of 2‐aryl‐ and ‐heteroaryl‐pyridines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Practical Synthesis of Ethyl 1‐(tert‐Butoxycarbonyl)‐4‐(1‐pyrrolidinyl)‐4‐piperidineacetate, an Intermediate of a Novel Antiarteriosclerotic, Utilizing Aza‐Michael Addition Promoted by LiBr.
Authors: Iida Akira , Onodera Naohiro , Yasukata Tatsuro
Published: April 2013

Derivative (IIIb) is a precursor of a novel antiarteriosclerotic agent.
ChemInform Abstract: Direct Aerobic Oxidation of 2‐Benzylpyridines in a Gas—Liquid Continuous‐Flow Regime Using Propylene Carbonate as a Solvent.
Authors: Pieber Bartholomaeus , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: April 2013

The use of high temperature/pressure gas‐liquid continuous flow conditions significantly enhance the iron‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of benzylpyridines (I) to the corresponding ketones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Insertion of α‐Diazocarbonyl Compounds for the Synthesis of Cyclic Amino Esters.
Authors: Zhou Ping‐Xin , Zhou Zhao‐Zhao , Chen Zi‐Sheng , Ye Yu‐Ying , Zhao Lian‐Biao , Yang Yan‐Fang , Xia Xiao‐Feng , Luo Jian‐Yi , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: April 2013

Two different cyclic amino esters (IV) and (VI) are synthesized by Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction of diazoesters (II) and (V) with N‐substituted 2‐iodoanilines (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of 2,3‐Dihydroxynaphthazarins to Isoquinoline‐1,3,4(2H)‐trione Derivatives.
Authors: Borisova K. L. , Mel'man G. I. , Denisenko V. A. , Glazunov V. P. , Anufriev V. F.
Published: April 2013

The reaction pathway of title conversion leading to compounds [(II) and (III)] or [(V) and (VI)], resp., is greatly controlled by the hydroxy groups at C‐6 and C‐7.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Novel 3‐(5‐(2‐Hydroxy‐2‐phenylethylsulfonyl)‐4‐phenyl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl) ‐1,8‐naphthyridin‐4(1H)‐ones.
Authors: Chaitanya Muggu V. S. R. K. , Venkateshwarlu Pilli , Dubey Pramod K.
Published: April 2013

The preparation of β‐keto sulfones (VII) and β‐hydroxy sulfones (VIII) is elaborated starting from hydrazides (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Alternate Synthesis of Apixaban (BMS‐562247), an Inhibitor of Blood Coagulation Factor Xa.
Authors: Jiang Jian'an , Ji Yafei
Published: April 2013

A new six‐step synthesis for apixaban (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Biginelli‐Type Reactions Catalyzed by Super Acidic Ionic Liquid under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhou Min , Chen Qun , He Ming‐Yang
Published: April 2013

The super acidic ionic liquid Me—C(OH)2+ClO4‐, prepared by mixing acetic acid and perchloride acid at room temperature, is shown to be an extremely active catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidine derivatives via Biginelli‐type reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Synthesis of Functionalized Carbocycles Through Organosilane‐Directed Asymmetric Alkyne—Alkene Reductive Coupling and Annulation Sequence.
Authors: Wu Jie , Pu Yi , Panek James S.
Published: April 2013

Reductive coupling of propargylsilanes with alkenols is found to result in efficient and stereoselective formation of functionalized allylsilanes such as (III), (X), and (XIII).
ChemInform Abstract: C2‐Selective Direct Alkynylation of Indoles.
Authors: Tolnai Gergely L. , Ganss Stephanie , Brand Jonathan P. , Waser Jerome
Published: April 2013

This is the first example of the direct alkynylation of indoles using a hypervalent iodine reagent in combination with the Pd‐catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Pyridylphosphinate and Thiophosphinate Derivatives by Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of N‐Methoxypyridinium Tosylates.
Authors: Oka Natsuhisa , Ito Kousuke , Tomita Futoshi , Ando Kaori
Published: April 2013

The presented approach could be a cost‐effective alternative for the synthesis of 2‐pyridylphosphinates, which are currently synthesized by rather expensive Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Vinylselenation of Allenes.
Authors: Fujiwara Shin‐ichi , Okuyama Maiko , Tsuda Susumu , Iwasaki Takanori , Kuniyasu Hitoshi , Kambe Nobuaki
Published: April 2013

Pd‐cataylzed treatment of allenes with activated vinyl selenides is found to result in efficient and regioselective formation of 2‐selenomethyl‐1,3‐dienes.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and General Procedure for the Synthesis of Alkynyl Chalcogenides (Selenides and Tellurides) by Alumina‐Supported Cu(II)‐Catalyzed Reaction of Alkynyl Bromides and Diphenyl Dichalcogenides.
Authors: Ahammed Sabir , Bhadra Sukalyan , Kundu Debasish , Sreedhar Bojja , Ranu Brindaban C.
Published: April 2013

Dialkyl dichalcogenides also undergo successful reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Selenenylations of Alkenes with Styrene Nucleophiles.
Authors: Gabriele Elena , Singh Fateh V. , Freudendahl Diana M. , Wirth Thomas
Published: April 2013

Iodine‐ and bromine‐mediated treatment of diaryl diselenides with styrene and electron‐rich analogues results in formation of new 2:1 adducts like (III), (VII), and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory Norditerpenoids from the Soft Coral Sinularia maxima.
Authors: Nam Nguyen Hoai , et al. et al.
Published: April 2013

From title compounds the new 12‐hydroxy‐scabrolide A (I) and 13‐epi‐scabrolide C (II) are isolated.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Pseudoglycosides Catalyzed by TeCl4 under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Freitas Juliano C. R. , Couto Tulio R. , Paulino Antonio A. S. , de Freitas Filho Joao R. , Malvestiti Ivani , Oliveira Roberta A. , Menezes Paulo H.
Published: April 2013

It is found that TeCl4 efficiently promotes the glycosylation of glycals giving a number of pseudoglycosides including dimeric pyranosides with moderate to high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Compounds from the Flower of Mammea siamensis (Miq.) T. Anders. on Human Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: Tung Nguyen Huu , Uto Takuhiro , Sakamoto Ayana , Hayashida Yuka , Hidaka Yuuki , Morinaga Osamu , Lhieochaiphant Sorasak , Shoyama Yukihiro
Published: April 2013

The new geranylated coumarin mammeanoyl (I) and seven known compounds are isolated from the title flowers.
ChemInform Abstract: Manzamenones L—N, New Dimeric Fatty‐Acid Derivatives from an Okinawan Marine Sponge Plakortis sp.
Authors: Kubota Takaaki , Ishiguro Yuichiro , Takahashi‐Nakaguchi Azusa , Fromont Jane , Gonoi Tohru , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: April 2013

The isolated new polyketides manzamenones L—N [(I) and (II)] are screened for their antimicrobial activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of Surface Species in Heterogeneous Catalysts Probed by In Situ X‐Ray Absorption Techniques
Authors: Bordiga Silvia , Groppo Elena , Agostini Giovanni , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Lamberti Carlo
Published: April 2013

Review: 1648 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Vapour Deposition of CNTs Using Structural Nanoparticle Catalysts
Authors: Ayre G. N. , Uchino T. , Mazumder B. , Hector A. L. , Smith D. C. , Ashburn P. , de Groot C. H. , Hutchison J. L.
Published: April 2013

Review: (CNT: carbon nanotube) 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Does Covalency Increase or Decrease Across the Actinide Series? Implications for Minor Actinide Partitioning.
Authors: Kaltsoyannis Nikolas
Published: April 2013

Review: 57 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmental Speciation of Actinides
Authors: Maher Kate , Bargar John R. , Brown Gordon E. Jr.
Published: April 2013

Review: 301 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed Linker Strategies for Organic Framework Functionalization
Authors: Bunck David N. , Dichtel William R.
Published: April 2013

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oligonucleotide‐Templated Chemical Reactions: Pushing the Boundaries of a Nature‐Inspired Process
Authors: Percivalle Claudia , Bartolo Jean‐Francois , Ladame Sylvain
Published: April 2013

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hypervalent Iodine Reagents as Powerful Electrophiles
Authors: Brown Michael , Farid Umar , Wirth Thomas
Published: April 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Hydromagnesiation of Olefins
Authors: Greenhalgh Mark D. , Thomas Stephen P.
Published: April 2013

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in the Chemistry of Mucohalic Acids: Versatile Building Blocks in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Zhang Ji , Sarma Koushik Das , Curran Timothy T.
Published: April 2013

Review: about 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembling Peptide Materials
Authors: Zhang Shuguang
Published: April 2013

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Carbohydrate‐Based Artificial Siderophores and Their Biological Applications
Authors: Andrade Marta M. , Rauter Amelia P.
Published: April 2013

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Salicylaldehyde and Enolates or Their Equivalents: Versatile Synthetic Routes to Chromane Derivatives
Authors: Masesane Ishmael B. , Desta Zelalem Yibralign
Published: April 2013

Review: 43 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Halo Aldehydes: Versatile Building Blocks for Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Britton Robert , Kang Baldip
Published: April 2013

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Diarylethene Photoisomerization and Photocyclization Mechanisms
Authors: Budyka M. F.
Published: April 2013

Review: 194 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Click Reaction in Carbohydrate Chemistry: Recent Developments and Future Perspective
Authors: Kushwaha Divya , Dwivedi Pratibha , Kuanar Saroj K. , Tiwari Vinod K.
Published: April 2013

Review: 227 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in the Synthesis of Canthine Alkaloids and Ring‐Truncated Congeners
Authors: Showalter H. D. Hollis
Published: April 2013

Review: 72 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Transition‐metal‐catalyzed Inter‐molecular Carbomagnesiation and Carbozincation
Authors: Murakami Kei , Yorimitsu Hideki
Published: April 2013

Review: 165 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Significance of Acid/Base Properties in Drug Discovery
Authors: Manallack David T. , Prankerd Richard J. , Yuriev Elizabeth , Oprea Tudor I. , Chalmers David K.
Published: April 2013

Review: 62 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Medicinal Chemistry of Tetrazoles
Authors: Ostrovskii V. A. , Trifonov R. E. , Popova E. A.
Published: April 2013

Review: biological and medicinal activity of tetrazole derivatives and tetrazole containing compounds; 124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chitosan Conjugates with Biologically Active Compounds: Design Strategies, Properties, and Targeted Drug Delivery
Authors: Berezin A. S. , Lomkova E. A. , Skorik Yu. A.
Published: April 2013

Review: 137 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Synthesis and Antitumor Activities of Estradiol‐linked Platinum Complex
Authors: Zhang Ping , Yang Ye‐wei , Shen Zheng‐rong
Published: April 2013

Review: 53 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tropane‐Based Alkaloids as Muscarinic Antagonists for the Treatment of Asthma, Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Motion Sickness
Authors: Schulte Michael L. , Lindsley Craig W.
Published: April 2013

Review: 64 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Wastewater Polishing Using Membrane Technology: A Review of Existing Installations
Authors: Raffin M. , Germain E. , Judd S.
Published: April 2013

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Cardanol Chemistry in a Nutshell: From a Nut to Nanomaterials
Authors: Balachandran Vijai Shankar , Jadhav Swapnil Rohidas , Vemula Praveen Kumar , John George
Published: April 2013

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Assisted‐Deposition: A Chemical Solution Route for a Wide Range of Materials
Authors: Zou G. F. , Zao J. , Luo H. M. , McCleskey T. M. , Burrell A. K. , Jia Q. X.
Published: April 2013

Review: 58 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Paper‐Based Nanobiosensors for Diagnostics
Authors: Parolo Claudio , Merkoci Arben
Published: April 2013

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicompartmentalized Polymeric Systems: Towards Biomimetic Cellular Structure and Function
Authors: Marguet Maite , Bonduelle Colin , Lecommandoux Sebastien
Published: April 2013

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nano‐Graphene in Biomedicine: Theranostic Applications
Authors: Yang Kai , Feng Liangzhu , Shi Xiaoze , Liu Zhuang
Published: April 2013

Review: 119 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): From Design to Applications
Authors: Ding San‐Yuan , Wang Wei
Published: April 2013

Review: 155 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical and Computational Studies of Dendrimers as Delivery Vectors
Authors: Tian Wen‐de , Ma Yu‐qiang
Published: April 2013

Review: 275 refs.
Production of 1‐Octanol from n‐Octane by Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Vallon Tobias , Glemser Matthias , Malca Sumire Honda , Scheps Daniel , Schmid Joachim , Siemann‐Herzberg Martin , Hauer Bernhard , Takors Ralf
Published: April 2013

A two‐phase biotransformation process for selective hydroxylation of n‐octane to 1‐octanol via Pseudomonas putida KT2440 harboring heterologously expressed P450 monooxygenase from Mycobacterium marinum is presented. Maximum cell‐specific conversion rates of 12.7 mgoctanol gCDWh–1 were observed not only in shaking flasks but also in 3.7‐L‐bioreactor studies. The bioreactor experiments were performed avoiding explosive gas mixtures by lowering volumetric power input, aeration rates and substrate concentrations. Based on a stoichiometric network of P. putida KT2440 topological studies were carried out. As a conclusion, potential limitations of NAD(P)H and/or ATP supply at production conditions can be excluded. Hence, the great potential of the host for further increasing conversion is outlined.
Effect of Water Flow Rate on Decontamination Efficiency of Emergency Safety Showers
Authors: Brock Thomas H. , Heil Volker , Philipp Hermann , Seifert Ulrich , Steffens Wilfried , Timm Kurt
Published: April 2013

Normen für Überkopf‐Personennotduschen in Laboratorien und Betrieben zum Abspülen von Gefahrstoffkontaminationen stellen Anforderungen an das Sprühbild und an den Wasservolumenstrom – bislang ohne wissenschaftlich gesicherte Grundlage. In einer praxisorientierten Untersuchung an 15 anwendungsüblichen Duschköpfen wurde die Abspülwirkung für wasserlösliche Kontaminanten bei 20 bis 110 L min–1 Wasservolumenstrom untersucht. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen Wirkung und Volumenstrom konnte nicht gezeigt werden: Bei 30 L min–1 Wasser ist die Abspülzeit nicht generell länger als bei wesentlich höheren Volumenströmen. Die kürzeste Abspülzeit wurde an Notduschen mit nicht‐normkonformem Sprühbild gefunden.
Hydrodynamic Studies in Slurry Bubble Columns: Experimental and Numerical Study
Authors: Rabha Swapna , Schubert Markus , Hampel Uwe
Published: April 2013

To overcome the current difficulties in designing a slurry bubble column (SBC) reactor with respect to the effect of particle properties, the influence of solid concentration (Cs) on the hydrodynamics of a SBC was studied experimentally using ultrafast electron beam X‐ray tomography. The real time gas flow structure, average bubble diameter and average gas holdup as a function of the superficial gas velocity and Cs have been reported. Corresponding three‐phase simulations were also performed using the Euler‐Euler multi‐fluid model implemented in CFX 14. The bubble size distribution was calculated using the MUSIG model. The predicted gas holdup and bubble size distribution also show dependence on UG and Cs and agree well with the measurements.
An advanced, integrated large‐volume high‐pressure autoclave and 1h/13c double‐tuned resonator for chemistry and materials nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and microscopy investigations
Authors: Behr Volker C. , Schmid Martin W. , Franich Robert A. , Meder Roger
Published: April 2013

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging are well‐established tools in chemistry, physics, and life sciences. Nevertheless, most applications are performed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. To study the processes in supercritical fluids, sample containers and coils have to be redesigned to especially allow for higher pressures up to several hundred times the atmospheric pressure. In this study, we present a setup for performing spectroscopic and imaging experiments on wood immersed in supercritical CO2 at up to 20 MPa for drying. A magnetic resonance‐compatible autoclave as well as a double‐tuned 1H/13C‐birdcage coil was designed and a setup for regulating pressure and storing gases was assembled. We were able to successfully perform measurements on the wood and water during the drying process and gaininsights into the displacement of water and its chemical reactions with the highly pressurized CO2. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 43B: 49–58, 2013
A vertical‐loop‐array transmit coil for two‐channel B1 shimming at 3T
Authors: Kang Lae Hoon , Park Yong Moon , Kim Dong Eun , Lee Soo Yeol
Published: April 2013

We propose a whole‐body transmit coil structure for two‐channel B1 shimming at 3T. The transmit coil consists of four identical vertical‐loop‐coils placed on a cylindrical former by equiangular basis. A vertical loop coil consists of an inner‐conductor plane and an outer‐conductor plane both of which constitute a vertical loop when the two planes are connected by tuning capacitors at both ends. To improve the B1 homogeneity of the transmit coil, we split the inner‐ and outer‐conductor planes into two rungs. We made the transmit coil with the length of 500 mm on a frame that had the inner and outer diameters of 550mm and 600mm, respectively. In the B1 shimming experiment with the transmit coil, we drove the coil with two RF power amplifiers of 18kWp each through two quadrature hybrids. Before the B1 shimming, we performed B1 mapping for each driving channel, and then, we determined the optimal magnitude and phase of the input signals to the RF power amplifiers. In the B1 shimming experiment on a human‐body‐mimicking phantom, the optimized transmission improved the image uniformity by 24.7% as compared to the conventional quadrature transmission. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 43B: 59–68, 2013
Controlling the π‐Stacking Behavior of Pyrene Derivatives: Influence of H‐Bonding and Steric Effects in Different States of Aggregation
Authors: Haedler Andreas T. , Misslitz Holger , Buehlmeyer Christian , Albuquerque Rodrigo Q. , Köhler Anna , Schmidt Hans‐Werner
Published: April 2013

The performance of opto‐electronic devices built from low‐molecular‐weight dye molecules depends crucially on the stacking properties and the resulting coupling of the chromophoric systems. Herein we investigate the influence of H‐bonding amide and bulky substituents on the π‐stacking of pyrene‐containing small molecules in dilute solution, as supramolecular aggregates, and in the solid state. A set of four pyrene derivatives was synthesized in which benzene or 4‐tert‐butyl benzene was linked to the pyrene unit either through an ester or an amide. All four molecules form supramolecular H‐aggregates in THF solution at concentrations above 1×10−4 mol L−1. These aggregates were transferred on a solid support and crystallized. We investigate: the excimer formation rates within supramolecular aggregates; the formation of H‐bonds as well as the optical changes during the transition from the amorphous to the crystalline state; and the excimer to monomer fluorescence ratio in crystalline films at low temperatures. We reveal that in solution supramolecular aggregation depends predominantly on the pyrene chromophores. In the crystalline state, however, the pyrene stacking can be controlled gradually by H‐bonding and steric effects. These results are further confirmed by molecular modeling. This work bears fundamental information for tailoring the solid state of functional optoelectronic materials.
Conversion of Cellulose and Cellobiose into Sorbitol Catalyzed by Ruthenium Supported on a Polyoxometalate/Metal–Organic Framework Hybrid
Authors: Chen Jinzhu , Wang Shengpei , Huang Jing , Chen Limin , Ma Longlong , Huang Xing
Published: April 2013

Cellulose and cellobiose were selectively converted into sorbitol over water‐tolerant phosphotungstic acid (PTA)/metal– organic‐framework‐hybrid‐supported ruthenium catalysts, Ru‐PTA/MIL‐100(Cr), under aqueous hydrogenation conditions. The goal was to investigate the relationship between the acid/metal balance of bifunctional catalysts Ru‐PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) and their performance in the catalytic conversion of cellulose and cellobiose into sugar alcohols. The control of the amount and strength of acid sites in the supported PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) was achieved through the effective control of encapsulated‐PTA loading in MIL‐100(Cr). This design and preparation method led to an appropriately balanced Ru‐PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) in terms of Ru dispersion and hydrogenation capacity on the one hand, and acid site density of PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) (responsible for acid‐catalyzed hydrolysis) on the other hand. The ratio of acid site density to the number of Ru surface atoms (nA/nRu) of Ru‐PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) was used to monitor the balance between hydrogenation and hydrolysis functions; the optimum balance between the two catalytic functions, that is, 8.84<nA/nRu<12.90, achieves maximum conversion of cellulose and cellobiose into hexitols. Under the applied reaction conditions, optimal results (63.2 % yield in hexitols with a selectivity for sorbitol of 57.9 % at complete conversion of cellulose, and 97.1 % yield in hexitols with a selectivity for sorbitol of 95.1 % at complete conversion of cellobiose) were obtained using a Ru‐PTA/MIL‐100(Cr) catalyst with loadings of 3.2 wt % for Ru and 16.7 wt % for PTA. This research thus opens new perspectives for the rational design of acid/metal bifunctional catalysts for biomass conversion.