bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Phosphorodiamidate Morpholino Oligonucleotides Using Trityl and Fmoc Chemistry-A New Method Amenable to Automated Synthesizer
Authors: Ghosh Ujjwal , Kundu Jayanta , Ghosh Atanu , Das Arnab , Nagar Dhriti , Ghose Aurnab , SINHA SURAJIT
Published: August 2020

Phosphorodiamidatemorpholino oligonucleotides (PMO) are routinely used for gene silencing and the recently developed PMO-based drug “Exondys51” has highlighted the importance of PMO as excellent antisense reagents. However, the synthesis of PMO has remained challenging. Here a method for the synthesis of PMO using either trityl or Fmoc-protected active morpholino monomers using chlorophosphoramidate chemistry in the presence of a suitable coupling agent on a solid support has been reported. After screening several coupling agents (tetrazole, 1,2,4-triazole, ETT, iodine, LiBr and dicyanoimidazole), ETT and iodine were found to be suitable for efficient coupling. Fmoc chemistry was not known for PMO synthesis because the preparation of Fmoc-protected chlorophosphoramidate monomers was not trivial. Synthesis of Fmoc-protected activated monomers and their use in PMO synthesis is reported for the first time. 25-mer PMO has been synthesized using both the methods and validated in vivo in the zebrafish model by targeting the no tail gene. Methods have been transferred in DNA synthesizer which has become user friendly for PMO synthesis and opened a new avenue to explore PMO for various applications. Fmoc chemistry could be suitable for scalable approach of PMO synthesis using peptide synthesizer as it is a neutral oligomer like peptide.
Role of Thr199 Residue in Human β-Carbonic Anhydrase-II pH-Dependent Activity Elucidated by Microsecond Simulation Analysis
Authors: Yadav Pulala Raghuveer , Syed Hussain , Pindi Pavan Kumar
Published: August 2020

Carbonic anhydrases catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate, a reaction required for many functions such as carbon assimilation, pH acid–base homeostasis, respiration and photosynthesis via zinc-hydroxide mechanism for carbon dioxide hydration. In earlier studies, it was revealed that Carbonic anhydrases are inactive at pH 7.5 and active at pH 8.4. This steep pH dependence for its activity led us to design this work in order to understand its mode of action at atomic level detailing. In our microsecond simulation based analysis, it was revealed that the interaction between Glu106 and Thr199 plays a critically important role in its activity. Thr199 co-ordinated loop movement was observed to be acting as a lid, with ‘open’ and ‘close’ mechanism for substrate entry to the core of the catalytic site, where Zn-ion resides and executes its carbon dioxide hydration mechanism. On the other hand, decline in the total secondary structural elements percentage in the protein was observed in correspondence to the pH condition change. Especially, α-helices between Thr125-Gly145 and Val150-Lys170 residues were noticed to be losing their structural integrity responsible for formation of dimer and tetramers. In conclusion, our analysis showed that the interaction between Glu106 and Thr199 is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of the Thr199 corodinated loop, responsible for allowing substrate towards catalytic site.
Tuning Rh(II)-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation with Tethered Thioether Ligands
Authors: Cressy Derek , Zavala Cristian , Abshire Anthony , Sheffield William , Darko Ampofo
Published: August 2020

Dirhodium(II) paddlewheel complexes have high utility in diazo-mediated cyclopropanation reactions and ethyl diazoacetate is one of the most commonly used diazo compounds in this reaction. In this study, we report our efforts to use tethered thioether ligands to tune the reactivity of Rh-carbene mediated cyclopropanation of olefins with ethyl diazoacetate. Microwave methods enabled the synthesis of a family of Rh-complexes in which tethered thioether moieties were coordinated to axial sites of the complex. Different tether lengths and thioether substituents were screened to optimize cyclopropane yeilds and minimize side product formation. Furthermore, good yields were obtained when equimolar diazo and olefin were used. Structural and spectroscopic investigation revealed that tethered thioethers changed the electronic structure of the rhodium core, which was instrumental in the performance of the catalysts. Computational modeling of the catalysts provided further support that the tethered thioethers were responsible for increased yields.
Repeated leftover serosurvey of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies, Greece, March and April 2020
Authors: Bogogiannidou Zacharoula , Vontas Alexandros , Dadouli Katerina , Kyritsi Maria A , Soteriades Soteris , Nikoulis Dimitrios J , Mouchtouri Varvara Α , Koureas Michalis , Kazakos Evangelos I , Spanos Emmanouil G , Gioula Georgia , Ntzani Evangelia E , Eleftheriou Alexandros A , Vatopoulos Alkiviadis , Petinaki Efthimia , Papaevangelou Vassiliki , Speletas Matthaios , Tsiodras Sotirios , Hadjichristodoulou Christos
Published: August 2020

A serosurvey of IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was performed during March and April 2020. Among 6,586 leftover sera, 24 (0.36%) were positive, with higher prevalence in females, older individuals and residents of large urban areas. Seroprevalence was estimated at 0.02% and 0.25%, respectively, in March and April, infection fatality rate at 2.66% and 0.54%. Our findings confirm low COVID-19 incidence in Greece and possibly the effectiveness of early measures.
Licensing examinations in Southeast Asia: Lesson learnt from exploring changes in education policy
Authors: Nur Hidayah Rachmadya , Fuller Richard , Roberts Trudie E.
Published: August 2020

Southeast Asian region has been experiencing significant challenges to their health care systems, driving some countries establishing policies to ensure the quality of the medical workforce through the introduction of national licensing examinations. This paper examines the experiences of Southeast Asian countries in implementing licensing examinations, highlighting the changes and development of the education policy and its impact on medical education. The lesson learnt from the high-stakes assessment policy offers a new perspective on how medical licensing examinations could represent a potential regional approach for a better health care.
Improving provider-patient communication skills among doctors and nurses in the children’s Emergency Department
Authors:   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Khoo Su Ann , Aswin Warier ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Shen Germac Qiao Yue ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Haq Hashim Mubinul ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Junaidah Badron ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Yiew Jinmian Luther ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Abiramy Mahendran ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Sashikumar Ganapathy ,   Children’s Emergency Department, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Effective communication is of paramount importance in delivering patient-centred care. Effective communication between the healthcare personnel and the patient leads to better compliance, better health outcomes, decreased litigation, and higher satisfaction for both doctors and patients. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive blended communication program to improve the communication skills and the confidence level of all staff of a department of emergency medicine in Singapore in dealing with challenging communication situations. Methods: All doctors and nurses working in the selected Children’s Emergency Department (ED) attended blended teaching to improve communication skills. Qualitative feedback was gathered from participants via feedback forms and focus group interviews. Communication-related negative feedback in the ED was monitored over a period of 18 months, from 1st July 2017 to 31st December 2018. Results: Immediately after the course, 95% of the participants felt that they were able to better frame their communications. Focus group interviews revealed four main themes: (A) Increased empowerment of staff; (B) Improved focus of communication with parents; (C) Reduced feeling of incompetence when dealing with difficult parents and; (D) Increased understanding of main issues and parental needs. There was 81.8% reduction in communication-related negative feedback received in the ED monthly after the workshop had been carried out (95% confidence interval 0.523, 0.8182). Conclusion: A comprehensive blended communication workshop resulted in a perceived improvement of communication skills among the healthcare personnel and significantly decreased the communication-related negative feedback in a pediatric ED.
EFFECT OF STORAGE DURATION ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BELLO EGGPLANT FRUIT UNDER QUASI COMPRESSION LOADING
Authors: Benjamin Umurhurhu , Hilary Uguru
Published: August 2020

The mechanical properties of eggplant fruit (cv. Bello) harvested at physiological maturity stage were evaluated in three storage periods (3d, 6d and 9d). These mechanical parameters (rupture force, rupture energy and deformation at rupture point) were measured under quasi compression loading, using the Universal Testing Machine (Testometric model). The fruit’s toughness and rupture power were calculated from the data obtained from the rupture energy and deformation at rupture point. Results obtained showed that mechanical properties of the Bello eggplant fruit exhibited strong dependence on the storage period. The results showed that as the Bello fruit stored longer, its rupture force and rupture energy decreased from 812 N to 411 N, and 5.58 Nm to 3.11 Nm respectively. While the rupture power decreased from 1.095 W to 0.353 W. On the contrary, the toughness and deformation at rupture increased from 0.270 mJ/mm3 to 0.403 mJ/mm3, and 16.99 mm to 25.22mm respectively during the 9 days storage period. The knowledge of the mechanical properties of fruits is important for their harvest and post-harvest operations, therefore, information obtained from this study will be useful in the design and development of machines for the mechanization of eggplant production.
Comprehensive assessment of initial genotypes of pigs with high adaptive ability with the aim to create F1 parental pigs
Authors: Sheyko I. P. , Sheyko R. I. , Pristupa N. V. , Yanovich E. A. , Burnos A. C. , Kazarovets I. V.
Published: August 2020

Production of highly efficient parental forms LçY and YçL will be arranged for the first time in the Republic of Belarus, corresponding to world standards in terms of development and performance. Arrangement of own production of high-value animals will allow to ensure import substitution via industrial production and reduce import costs. The paper presents the results of comprehensive assessment of the initial genotypes of pigs with high adaptive capacity for accelerated creation of new final parental forms to be used in industrial pig breeding. Biochemical tests of blood of Landrace and Yorkshire breed of animals during their adaptation were analyzed. The reproductive ability of Landrace and Yorkshire boars has been evaluated. The patterns of inheritance of quantitative traits of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs performance were determined according to set of molecular genetic markers (RYR1, ESR and PRLR), which allow predicting their performance with high reliability degree. Animals were identified with preferred genotypes RYR1NN (100 %), ESRBB (12.7-30.0 %), PRLRАА (4.9- 47.5 %) associated with higher performance. Superiority of pigs was determined with genotypes ESRBB, PRLRАА in terms of multiple pregnancy and milk performance over animals of other genotypes by 7.8-9.3 and 9.0-13.2 %; 5.9-20.4 and 10.0- 21.0 %, respectively. Creation of breeding herds of highly productive animals, ensuring production of hybrid parental pig with the required breeding and genetic parameters of productivity based on new biotechnological techniques and methods, ensuring selection of valuable breeding material and, therefore, the maximum effect of breeding, will promote increase of competitiveness of domestic pig breeding. Acknowledgments. The research was carried out as part of the State Research and Development Program “High Technologies and Engineering” for 2016-2020, subprogram 1 “Innovative Biotechnologies - 2020”.
Use of feed nitrogen by young pigs of meat genotypes, depending on metabolizable energy and available essential amino acids level in diet
Authors: Roshchin V. A.
Published: August 2020

In the system of high-grade nutrition of pigs, the completeness of compound feeds with metabolizable energy and essential amino acids is of paramount importance. Breeding of modern breeds and lines of pigs with high meat productivity makes it necessary to study the peculiarities of providing these nutrients for the animals. It is known that different breeds of pigs, particularly those with different productivity trends, use dietary protein in different ways. Study of features of nitrogen use by pigs of bred in the republic breeds and lines in compound feeds with different completeness of essential amino acids, in particular, lysine and its ratio with metabolizable energy, is relevant for development of standards for their amino acid nutrition in order to maximize their genetic potential of high meat productivity. The paper presents experimental materials on study of the dynamics of nitrogen deposition in body of animals, its release into environment, as well as peculiarities of deposition and use of it for the synthesis of muscle tissue in body of pigs at fattening of three genotypes - Duroc breed, Large white and Belarusian meat breeds. It has been determined that limiting factors of protein synthesis in pigs with adequate level of metabolizable energy are the intake of the required amount of available amino acids with the feed and the genetically determined rate of its deposition. Feed nitrogen was used better by pigs of the Belarusian meat breed and Duroc in comparison with pigs of Large white breed. The most efficient use of feed nitrogen was shown by gilts fed with compound feed with 0.71 g of available lysine per 1 MJ of metabolizable energy. The data obtained during the research on feed nitrogen used by animals of meat genotypes reveal the mechanism of interaction of energy and amino acid nutrition, which is of great importance for development of pig feeding standards considering the breed and trend of productivity. Acknowledgments. The research has been carried out within the framework of the State Program of applied research “Animal Breeding and Veterinary Medicine”.
Dynamics of lexicographic presentation and practical use of personal nouns with sufіx -ц(a).
Authors: Hancharenka K D.
Published: August 2020

This article explores changes in the lexicographic presentation of personal nouns with the suffix -ц(a). The study is based on materials from 20 dictionaries of the 20th and early 21st centuries, academic grammars and monographs. The dynamic processes of the entry of words of this type into the lexicon, their competitive interaction with identical masculine nouns with suffix -ец, -нік and adverbial nouns are analyzed. There are given examples of new formed words, which were included in lexicographic publications. The study notices differencies in presentating of the lexemes with -ц(a) in modern dictionaries: in quantity of these nouns as derivating synonyms of nouns of masculine gender with suffix -ец, -нік ets. and in gender marks (only masculine or masculine and common). Analysis of modern media texts shows a wider use of nouns with the suffix -ц(a) to mark a female person. In practice, variants of the gender and type of declension of nouns with the suffix -ц(a) causes difficulties in the use of case endings.
Un bric-à-brac de la Belle Époque
Authors: Carol Geronès Lídia
Published: August 2020

Fortuny (1983) by Pere Gimferrer is the only novel (at least to date) that the author has written in Catalan and it represents one of the most unique novels of contemporary Hispanic narrative. The aims of the present study are mainly two: to shed light on one of the most important, but least studied, works by Pere Gimferrer, the greatest representative of Hispanic creativity for the Post-War Generation, and to analyse critical reception of the work and show how the novel has evolved from the time of publication in 1983 until today. This essay consists of three major parts: the study of critical reception, the narratological analysis of the text and the unveiling of the textual, but above all visual, references that make up the novel. The latter allows us to explain two essential elements of the novel: the imaginary Fortuny on the one hand and, on the other, the novel’s intertextual concrete figure of speech, its ekphrasis. The study of this intentionally visual character of the novel not only wanted to highlight the importance of two arts to which Gimferrer has always paid special attention – we refer to cinema and painting – but has also demonstrated the desire of the writer to innovate the Catalan narrative scene, using different literary devices to push the limits of the genre novel.
Ernst Troeltsch and Mysticism
Authors: Molendijk Arie L.
Published: August 2020

Although the ‘mystical’ character of Ernst Troeltsch’s theological programme is controversial, the fact that ‘mysticism’ played an eminent role in his analysis of modern Christianity can hardly be denied. This article first spells out the different aspects of Troeltsch’s concept of mysticism (Mystik) against the background of contemporary theological and religious developments. On the one hand, the highly critical discourse on mysticism of the dominant Ritschl School is highlighted and on the other hand, the proliferation of all sorts of ‘mystical’ religiosity in Germany around 1900 is discussed. Secondly, it is shown that Troeltsch distanced himself to a large extent from the critics of mysticism. In fact, he takes the concept of mysticism to denote a typical, modern, individualistic form of piety and theology. Thirdly, attention is given to the fact that Troeltsch adopts the mystical terminology to describe his own position and uses it to develop his ecclesiology. Fourthly, Troeltsch’s view of the relationship between (individualist) mysticism and ethics is discussed. In his view, mysticism does not imply quietism, but an active engagement in church and worldly matters. All in all, this contribution underscores the importance of Christian mysticism for Troeltsch’s personal belief and piety as well as for his ‘mystical’ conceptualization of religion.
Mystik als Tat? Philosophie und Spiritualität bei Maurice Blondel
Authors: Bocken Inigo
Published: August 2020

Mysticism as Act. Philosophy and Spirituality in Maurice Blondel

Mysticism plays a crucial role at the background of Maurice Blondel’s ‘philosophy of action’ (1893). In the years after his main work, his interest for mysticism increases. The discussion about the role of mysticism is even the battlefield of his debate with Jacques Maritain (1882–1973), who criticizes Blondel of allowing in his philosophy a direct contact with the Divine. Maritain does not accuse Blondel of ‘modernism’, but is very close to it. In order to explain his understanding of mysticism, the article outlines the intensive cooperation between Blondel and Henri Bremond (1865–1933). Blondel was of main influence for Bremond’s text on poetry and prayer in which mysticism plays an important role. At the end of the article the role of this discussion on mysticism and philosophy for Blondel’s social philosophy has been elaborated.
The Pauline Understanding of Life in the Young Heidegger (1920–21)
Authors: Guanzini Isabella
Published: August 2020

In the years after the First World War many authors returned to the Apostle Paul to rethink the meaning of history in a time of crisis. In this period the problem of time represents a crucial topic of Heidegger’s philosophy as well, through which he reconsiders the meaning of the Being of the whole metaphysical tradition. Heidegger already develops his reconsideration of temporality in his early Freiburg lectures on the phenomenology of religious life through the interpretation of Paul’s epistles. The article focuses on the analysis of the category of temporality in these lectures, where the philosopher investigates the experience of conversion and the expectation of the parusia in the proto-Christian communities, within which the radically historical dimension of existence clearly emerges. This contribution aims to show that such phenomenological analysis of early Christian temporality emphasizes the disquieting nature of the evangelical message, which unsettles any fixed identity and transforms personal, communitarian history and social, opening it to the future.
Between Mysticism and Politics: The Continuity in and Basic Pattern of Vladimir Solov’ëv’s Thought
Authors: van der Zweerde Evert
Published: August 2020

Vladimir Solov’ëv, informal “founder” of the current of Russian religious philosophy which gained some prominence in the early 20th C with thinkers like N. Berdyaev, S. Frank and S. Bulgakov, based his social and political philosophy as well as his program of “Christian politics” (an attempt to bring the world as close to the Kingdom of God as possible, while steering clear from any idea of “building” God’s Kingdom on Earth) on a series of personal mystical encounters with Sophia, understood by him as, simultaneously, Eternal Femininity, Divine Wisdom and World Soul. The paper argues that this vision remained the foundation of his entire world-view, despite the fact that he initially articulated a more “utopian” vision of a world-encompassing “free theocracy,” while later in his career he elaborated, in Opravdanie dobra [The Justification of the (Moral) Good], a more realistic, but still “ideal-theoretical” vision of a just Christian state. Highlighting the tension between Solov’ëv’s advocacy of a free and plural sphere of public debate and his own “prophetic” position based on privileged access to divine wisdom, the paper ends with a discussion of the intrinsic and unsolvable tension between religion and politics, and with the claim that there is a fundamental opposition between holistic mystical visions and a recognition of the political, understood as the ubiquitous possibility of both conflict and concord among humans.
The Power to Say I.Reflections on the Modernity of Simone Weil’s Mystical Thought
Authors: De Kesel Marc
Published: August 2020

What precisely is at stake in Simone Weil’s shift to Christianity? Is it only the story of a modern agnostic intellectual discovering and reinventing an old religious tradition? What if, under the surface of that move, modernity itself is as much at stake? What if Weil’s mystical thought conceals a profound reflection on the modern subject? It is true, in line with almost the entire pre-modern and modern mystical tradition, her thought is a full-blown attack against the Cartesian ego and its pretention to be the solid and free basis of our modern relation to reality. But what if the most interesting aspect of Weil’s thought is that she fails in that attack, and that, despite all her efforts to destroy that subject, that very subject resists even in the very heart of both the mystical truth she describes and in her theoretical thought about that truth. What if Weil’s move to Christianity does not say so much about Christianity, nor about the Christian side of modernity, but about the abysmal base of modernity’s subject?
Imagining Borders, Imagining Relationships
Authors: Acero-Ferrer Héctor A.
Published: August 2020

Conceptualizations of human borders will often refer to narratives of encounters, exchanges, and/or interactions that take place in two different but interrelated settings: one internal, between individuals or groups belonging to the space defined by the border; and one external, between such individuals or collectives and everything that is foreign to them. This integrating/distinguishing role of narratives underscores the imaginative process through which borders emerge, expressed with great poignancy in the fluidity and complexity of border-setting practices in late-modern societies. Paul Ricœur’s take on collective imagination and human action can be a tool to unearth some of the key conceptual features of such integration-distinction tension, by pointing to ways in which social imaginaries shape the liquidity and modality of borders in increasingly diverse communities. Ricœur’s analysis of the development of cultural imaginaries through the opposed yet complementary forces of ideology and utopia, and his exploration of the multi-layered character of mutual recognition, come together in an understanding of human persons – and communities – capable of imagining enlarged spaces of recognition. Richard Kearney complements this analysis with an account of narrative imagination that allows one to articulate the narrative origins of concrete human realities and practices, such as borders and border-setting. In this article, I make use of the contributions of Ricœur and Kearney to argue that a clear understanding social imagination is needed in order to account for the cultural matrix set by human borders, as well as to provide answers to the practical questions raised by concrete historical examples of borders and border-setting.
Exclusive Border Crossing
Authors: Schuster Dirk
Published: August 2020

From 1933, the inner Protestant ‘German Christians Church Movement’ from Thuringia took control over some Protestant regional churches in Germany. For the German Christians the main motives of their agitation were the creation of a ‘volkisch’ belief system based on race, Christianity and ‘dejudaization’ (of Christianity).

Based on the theoretical considerations of spaces, boundaries and exclusion, the article uses the example of the German Christians to show under which conditions individuals are denied entry into an imaginary religious space. ‘Exclusivist border crossings,’ as this phenomena is named here on the theoretical perspective, can explain how religious arguments exclude people from entering a religious space such as salvation when the access criteria are linked to birth-related conditions.
Intensifying and De-intensifying Distinctions
Authors: Terpstra Marin
Published: August 2020

In this article I explore different ways of imagining distinctions in the form of borders and on the attitudes that people assume towards them. A distinction is primarily a cognitive operation, but appears as such in human communication (people talking about differences and identities), and in constructions that shape the material space people live in (borders, buildings, and the like). I explore two extreme positions, the one de-intensifying distinctions by focusing on their logical and contingent forms, the other intensifying distinctions by making them a potential cause of conflict. The first one is exemplified by Spencer Brown’s and Niklas Luhmann’s reflection on the logical and sociological aspects of distinctions; the second one by Carl Schmitt’s theory of ‘the political’ and its key notion of the distinction between friend and enemy. Both positions are relevant to understand a major debate and struggle in the world of today between liberal cosmopolitans and authoritarian nationalists. I show in what way both positions are aspects of the human condition, and what makes that alternately the one or the other is stressed.
To the Human and Beyond
Authors: Naas Michael , Sedmak Magdalena
Published: August 2020

In the course of the research project “Revenge of the Sacred: Phenomenology and the Ends of Christianity”, a group of scholars based at the University of Vienna attempts to understand a modern society that is seemingly no longer Christian, yet also not yet non-Christian. How does the citizen negotiate the ambiguities between the religious and the political in this ambivalent space that seems to be becoming increasingly “post-secular” in a way that is not necessarily “anti-secular?” We explore the core of these and other questions with contemporary scholars in a series of interviews entitled “What moves you? Human Rights, Hearts, Beliefs – and Beyond.” This interview was conducted with the Derrida specialist, professor, and translator Michael Naas (De Paul University, IL, U.S.). It covers the topics of globalization, migration, hospitality, all in the context of human rights, secularism, and religion today.
Introduction
Authors: Polgar Nenad , Müller Sigrid , Mairinger Katharina , Salzman Todd A.
Published: August 2020

Two generations after the proclamation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, there is a need to evaluate what has been achieved when it comes to discussions on human dignity and human rights in terms of their foundations and applications. This issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society addresses this task from the point of view of theological ethics and religious studies. Part One of this collection provides a solid foundation for defining human dignity and promoting human rights. Part Two demonstrates how this foundation can be applied to current and pressing ethical, legal, and theological issues confronting humanity, by addressing four exemplary issues (homosexuality, gender, migrants, and climate change). Combined, these essays point a way forward for the ongoing development of a comprehensive, comprehensible, consistent, and credible definition of human dignity and human rights and their role in addressing ongoing ethical, legal, and theological issues.
Beyond “Christian Human Rights”: Simone Weil on Dignity and the Impersonal
Authors: Amesbury Richard
Published: August 2020

Whereas the idea of human rights is often imagined as placing limits on the political sphere from a standpoint outside it, I argue that it is better conceived as a political project that draws authority from its claim to be apolitical. Such an understanding enables us to historicize human rights and to assess it politically and morally, alongside other normative projects. Samuel Moyn has argued that the contemporary understanding of human rights as rooted in the dignity of the person emerged out of twentieth-century Catholic personalist theology. In the latter half of the essay I consider Simone Weil’s objections to the personalist conception of dignity and suggest that Weil’s idea of an impersonal, sovereign good provides an alternative conception of value.
Migrants Feared and Forsaken: A Catholic Ethic of Social Responsibility
Authors: Heyer Kristin E.
Published: August 2020

Basic human rights reflected in international rights regimes and presupposed in Catholic social ethics are universal in theory, yet in practice their exercise depends upon legally sanctioned membership in a political community. This gap between the normativity of the dignity of the migrant and the practical denial of their rights is maintained by (1) standard paradigms for analysing migration and (2) a related neglect of structural injustices that facilitate rights violations. The Catholic tradition’s social anthropology, understanding of social sin, and commitment to a global common good are poised to reorient responsibility for irregular migration beyond individuals who cross borders or overstay visas alone.
Climate Change, Catholic Social Teaching, and Human Rights
Authors: Miller Richard W.
Published: August 2020

The development of human rights thinking in the United Nations and the Catholic Church has operated on a separate track from the development of thinking regarding environmental concerns. This paper traces this historical divergence and some factors contributing to this divergence. It argues that climate stability is the most pressing earth system problem and not only should not be neglected by human rights thinkers (as in Catholic circles) or actively resisted in human rights circles (as argued by a prominent academic human rights lawyer); rather, a stable climate system should be considered a basic human right.
A tribute to Professor Edward Winter
Authors: Copeland Robert J. , Flint Stuart , Nevill Alan , Wheat Jonathan , Breckon Karon , Maynard Ian , Saxton John , Biddle Stuart , Williams Clyde , Carter Anouska , Breckon Jeff , Broom David , Reece Lindsey , Ruddock Alan , Shibli Simon , Barrett David , Stevens Holly
Published: August 2020

This is a tribute to the late Professor Edward Winter from colleagues across the sport and exercise science community
Short and long-term quality of life outcomes in children after surgery for Hirschsprung Disease or Anorectal Malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Oltean Irina , Beveridge Emily , Hayawi Lamia , Bijelic Vid , Nasr Ahmed
Published: August 2020

There is paucity of evidence examining quality of life in children with HD and ARM prioritizing dimensions other than physical functioning, such as psychosocial functioning in a precise manner. As such, we have developed a systematic review protocol to narratively and quantitatively summarize the physical and psychosocial functioning of children affected by HD and ARM in hopes of addressing this limitation. The following databases were searched on Nov 5, 2019: MEDLINE including Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations (1946 to October 25, 2019) and Embase (1947 to 2019 October 25) and the CENTRAL Trials Registry of the Cochrane Collaboration (September 2019 Issue) using the Ovid interface. Searches were limited to English, to journal articles, and articles published since 2006. This review will identify retrospective and prospective cohort studies, case-control studies, case studies with greater than 5 participants, and randomized-control trials where the quality of life (i.e., physical and/or social functioning) of children aged 0-18 years with either anorectal malformations or Hirschprung’s disease is reported by children or parent proxies. Understanding the quality of life of children affected by HD and ARM after surgery will help clinical practitioners, specifically surgeons, create tailored and comprehensive protocols for managing these diseases while recognising the physical, social, and emotional toll they can inflict on children.
Design and testing of a full-scale 2 MW tidal turbine blade
Authors: Fagan Edward , Wallace Finlay , Jiang Yadong , Kazemi Afrooz , Goggins Jamie
Published: August 2020

The Large Structures Research Group of MaREI, Orbital Marine Power Ltd and ÉireComposites Teo. have designed a full-scale blade for a next-generation 2 MW tidal turbine as part of the H2020 FloTEC project. The 8.5 m long blade will be tested under static load conditions through the H2020 MaRINET2 transnational access programme and fatigue conditions through the OCEAN ERA-NET SEABLADE project. This paper provides an overview of the initial design study which analysed the impact of using a single shear web or two shear webs in the design. The result of this design study led to optimisation of the laminates throughout the blade to reduce the cost of manufacture and, hence, the levelized cost of energy of the device. The finite element analyses were performed using the MaREI@NUI Galway composite blade design software BladeComp. From the results of the analyses a single web design was chosen for the blade. The present work also describes the set-up for the structural tests and an overview of the data acquisition and instrumentation requirements for full-scale static and fatigue blade testing.
A visual method based on Lewis dot electron structures (VISLEDS) for teaching inorganic formulation
Authors: Jimenez Abigail
Published: August 2020

Chemistry is usually seen as a difficult subject for secondary school students. One topic they struggle is when they face chemistry formulation for the first time. The concept of oxidation number is difficult for them. The level of abstraction required is still developing in their minds. We must help them visualise it, to understand bonding and, finally, the symbolic representation of chemical compounds.We find in chemistry a visual description for bond formation: Lewis diagrams. They explicitly show molecular bonds as paired electrons. By using this simple idea, we can introduce formulation to secondary school students. Starting with binary chemical compounds, included in 3rd year of secondary schools in Spain, we can set up the foundations for their future chemistry studies. Of course, the difficulty must be progressively introduced.In this work, we show how a visual method based on Lewis diagrams improves the performance of students when writing formulae of binary chemical compounds. One important difference with current literature on how Lewis dot structures are used in education, is that, while they are usually presented as a learning goal, here we use them as a means to an end.Our results suggest that the improvement is higher for students with previous lower academic performance, low scores in linguistic competencies, and high scores in visual and artistic competencies. Most importantly, it does not worsen performance for students with high scores in linguistic competencies and low scores in visual and artistic competencies. Mathematical competencies do not seem to be so good predictors for students’ performance.Finally, within the Cognitive Load Theory framework, we show how cognitive working load, as well as an approximation of extraneous cognitive load, can be estimated by using information theory measures involving the mistakes students make.
The Importance of Context: Children of Immigrants in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hoffmann Nathan Isaac
Published: August 2020

Numerous studies of the United Kingdom demonstrate that outcomes for children of immigrants vary by ethnicity, but few test mechanisms to explain these results or engage with the significant heterogeneity within ethnic groups. Immigration scholarship in the United States has fruitfully harnessed models of group-level contextual effects in explaining individual outcomes. The first to implement such a methodology in the United Kingdom, this study elucidates the group-level factors most salient for verbal and quantitative cognitive achievement, socioemotional development, and likelihood of obesity for children of immigrants in the Millennium Cohort Study. By harnessing a range of indicators of both sending- and receiving-country context in three-level growth models, this paper finds that group-level average education, proportion with refugee status, and measured discrimination are significantly associated with the outcomes of children of immigrants, even in models controlling for individual factors. Furthermore, although sending-country values are insignificant for achievement and development, such values are significantly associated with the likelihood of childhood obesity.
FASIES KUARTER VULKANIK DAERAH PAGAR JATI DAN SEKITARNYA, KAB.BENGKULU TENGAH, BENGKULU
Authors: N.P.H Aditya , Aflatun Oke , Idarwati Idarwati
Published: August 2020

The Jati Fence Area, Bengkulu is the fore arc basin area whose deposition is influenced by the volcanic event. The deposition event took place on a quaternary volcano that has been active in having sedimentation activities that continue. This study aims to carry out mineralogical analysis in the proximal facies deposit area with petrographic data at observation locations (LP) 14, 59, 81,108, and (ST) 14,70 which are sourced from the results of local geological mapping. In LP 81 and 14 with proximal facies have volcanic breccia lithology with compilation components which are dominated by andesitic rocks, pyroclastic matrix composition, packed packing, hard hardness, and mineralogicalcomposition which tend to have many crystals. In LP 59 and 108 proximal facies found andesite lava.
Video Recording in Veterinary Medicine OSCEs: Feasibility and Inter-rater Agreement between Live Performance Examiners and Video Recording Reviewing Examiners
Authors: Tan Jean-Yin , Ma Irene W.Y. , Hunt Julie A. , Kwong Grace P.S. , Farrell Robin , Bell Catriona , Read Emma K
Published: August 2020

The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a valid, reliable assessment of veterinary students’ clinical skills that requires significant examiner training and scoring time. This article seeks to investigate the utility of implementing video recording by scoring OSCEs in real-time using live examiners, and afterwards using video examiners from within and outside the learners’ home institution. Using checklists, learners (n=33) were assessed by one live examiner and five video examiners on three OSCE stations: suturing, arthrocentesis, and thoracocentesis. When stations were considered collectively, there was no difference between pass/fail outcome between live and video examiners (χ2 = 0.37, p = .55). However, when considered individually, stations (χ2 = 16.64, p < .001) and interaction between station and type of examiner (χ2 = 7.13, p = .03) demonstrated a significant effect on pass/fail outcome. Specifically, learners being assessed on suturing with a video examiner had increased odds of passing the station as compared with their arthrocentesis or thoracocentesis stations. Internal consistency was fair to moderate (0.34–0.45). Inter-rater reliability measures varied but were mostly moderate to strong (0.56–0.82). Video examiners spent longer assessing learners than live raters (mean of 21 min/learner vs. 13 min/learner). Station-specific differences among video examiners may be due to intermittent visibility issues during video capture. Overall, video recording learner performances appears reliable and feasible, although there were time, cost, and technical issues that may limit its routine use.
МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ КАК ОСНОВНОЙ ФАКТОР ПЕРЕХОДА К «ЗЕЛЁНОЙ» ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Authors: Niyazmetova Yokutkhon
Published: August 2020

В статье даны основные понятия об относительно новой экономической модели "зеленой" экономики, рассмотрены причины модернизации энергетической отрасли как фактора перехода к низкоуглеродной экономике, показана актуальная проблема загрязнения окружающей среды за счет использования традиционных источников энергии и необходимость перехода на возобновляемые источники энергии (ВИЭ).
Image Guided Percutaneous Drainage of Intra-Abdominal Collections
Authors: Saranga Bharathi Ramanathan , Raj Rankeen , Singh Giriraj , K Banerjee Jayant , Saranga Bharathi Ramanathan
Published: August 2020

Background: Intra-abdominal collections and abscesses are commonly encountered in surgical practice.
They contribute to significant morbidity and mortality, hence, need to be addressed expeditiously.
Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) is an important treatment modality that is now in vogue.
Aim: This study was carried out to assess the outcomes of image guided PCD of intra-abdominal
collections/ abscesses.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out at a tertiary centre on patients who
underwent image guided drainage of intra-abdominal collections/ abscesses from Jul 2014 to Dec 2016.
Data was collected by following up the patients both clinically and radiologically.
Results: 31 patients underwent PCD. Procedure was successful in 77.4%. Complete resolution was
observed in all post-operative collections. Collections resolved after a single drainage procedure in 71%
while the remaining 29% required multiple drainage procedures. Liver abscesses were the commonest, with
multiple foci. Organisms were isolated in 13%, Escherichia coli being the commonest isolate. Higher
leucocyte counts, lower levels of drain amylase and shorter duration of antibiotics were significantly
associated with the success of the procedure. There were no complications other than an isolated case of
biliary fistula following drainage of liver abscess. Ultrasonography was found to be at par with CT scan for
PCD.
Conclusion: Image guided PCD is a safe and efficacious procedure for the treatment of intra-abdominal
collections and abscesses. It has a high success rate, especially in postoperative collections. The procedure
has low morbidity and low complication rates. High leucocyte count, short duration of antibiotic exposure
and low levels of drain fluid amylase are independent predictors of favourable outcome after percutaneous
drainage.
O ideário naturalista do século XIX
Authors: Sarmento Gundane Lucério
Published: August 2020

O presente ensaio integrado na história literária pretende descrever as principais linhas temáticas do naturalismo que podem ser associadas às personagens representadas em Zambeziana-Cenas da Vida Colonial, de Emílio de San Bruno. O romance foi publicado em 1927 e reeditado em 1999 pelo Arquivo Histórico de Moçambique e enquadra-se na fase exótica da literatura colonial, traduzindo, em muitos dos seus segmentos descritivos, o deslumbramento que a descoberta do ‘Outro’ provoca no espírito dos europeus. É importante reiterar que a literatura colonial portuguesa dominada sobretudo pela representação de África em termos simbólicos e ideológicos teve o seu início no século XX, conhecendo a sua vitalidade assinalável com o advento do Estado Novo, em 1926. Tendo a narratologia como área teórica, a partir deste texto colonial demonstrou-se que não só se deve encarar o exotismo (sob o ponto de vista estético e ideológico) como um factor subjacente à literatura colonial, mas também foi possível descobrir outras tendências literárias a ela associadas como é o caso da estética do naturalismo. Concluiu-se que a sexualidade tal como era concebida pelo naturalismo é o elemento estruturador da representação de N’fuca.
Organistas e organeiros: influências mútuas entre Frei José Marques e Silva (1782-1837) e António Xavier Machado e Cerveira (1756-1828)
Authors: Vaz João
Published: August 2020

As relações profissionais entre compositores e fabricantes de instrumentos foram constantes ao longo da história da música e a ligação entre o tipo de órgão desenvolvido em Portugal (especialmente na região de Lisboa) durante o virar do século XVIII e um repertório específico produzido na mesma área e período já foi apontado. Frei José Marques e Silva (1782-1837) foi organista na Capela da Bemposta, onde António Xavier Machado e Cerveira (1765-1828) construiu um órgão em 1792. A escrita musical de Marques e Silva faz uso prolongado das idiossincrasias dos instrumentos de Cerveira e é altamente provável que o organista da Capela da Rainha e o organeiro régio se tivessem encontrado. A análise de várias obras de Marques e Silva sugere uma influência mútua: não apenas a música de Marques e Silva está claramente destinada aos órgãos de Cerveira, mas também algumas características específicas dos instrumentos parecem ter sido criadas a pedido do compositor.
Do desenvolvimento da danc?a teatral em Portugal no po?s-25 de abril de 1974
Authors: Fazenda Maria José
Published: August 2020

A dança teatral em Portugal atesta um assinalável desenvolvimento a seguir à Revolução de Abril de 1974. Do novo panorama destacam-se três aspetos: a redefinição e a expansão do repertório do Ballet Gulbenkian, de que procedem a visibilidade que adquire o coreógrafo Vasco Wellenkamp e a emergência da linguagem reformadora de Olga Roriz; a criação da Companhia Nacional de Bailado; e a diversificação das orientações estéticas e dos projetos artísticos independentes, no âmbito da então designada Nova Dança Portuguesa. Neste trabalho, o meu objetivo é perceber, de forma encadeada, que condições favorecem o crescimento da dança em Portugal, a diversificação de projetos e estéticas, e que relações entre as pessoas os instigam ou propiciam, nos termos em que a articulação destes três domínios - condições, representações e relações - é formulada pelo cientista social Steven Vertovec (2015), no âmbito dos estudos sobre a diversidade.