bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alma Palma: Con “P” de Perú: Palma, Pantigoso y Poesía
Authors: Arista Montoya Luis Alberto
Published: January 2023

La obra Alma Palma. Veinte ensayos sobre el tradicionista del poeta Manuel Pantigoso Pecero (Lima1936) es una crítica filosófico-literaria de las Tradiciones Peruanas de Ricardo Palma (1833-1919). Se trata de la reedición de un conjunto de veinte ensayos escritos por el autor en su calidad de poeta y crítico literario y profesor de Literatura, especializado en Educación por el Arte.El presente texto es un comentario acerca de la trascendencia de la obra Alma Palma, dentro del contexto de la rememoración del Bicentenario; resaltando el valor de la memoria histórica que se percibe en la escritura clásica de don Ricardo Palma.
Palla huarcuna
Authors: Ayala Olazával José Luis
Published: January 2023

La narración trata acerca de Túpac Yupanqui, inca guerrero, expansionista, administrador y político. Incorporó al Tahuantinsuyo a los Chachapoyas de la selva norte, Cañaris y Cayambis. Como navegante arribó a la Polinesia. En una de sus visitas llegó a una aldea donde se erigen los cerros Izcuchaca y Huaynanpuquio, Allí debía esperarlo una doncella. Pero ella huyó y en el trayecto se convirtió en una estatua de piedra en un paraje llamado Palla-huarcuna.
El museo como representación arquitectónica
Authors: Cortegana Rodolfo
Published: January 2023

La importancia que tiene la arquitectura como manifestación cultural desde su representación en la sociedad, ha sido para el museo una de sus herramientas más importantes. La historia de la arquitectura ha leído y amplificado desde su representación arquitectónica el simbolismo formal que poseen los edificios para museos, es así que en nuestro país el boom generado a partir de las corrientes neoliberales desde el Estado peruano a finales del siglo XX e inicios del siglo XXI, pudo colocar edificios que no estaban exentos a dichas valoraciones. Desde el nacimiento de la república, las ideas arquitectónicas que se trasladan desde Europa en el siglo XIX se instalan y colocan en nuestros museos, generando así una apropiación epidérmica que serviría como una herramienta para su valoración, adoptando el imaginario de los arqueólogos en la mayoría de los casos.
Residual Stress Development of Laser Assisted Cold Sprayed Ni Alloy 718 Coatings
Authors: Walker Mike , Howes Paul , McNutt Phil , Harvey Dave
Published: January 2023

In this study, Ni-alloy 718 coatings are deposited on substrates of the same material using laser assisted cold spraying (LACS). The laser heats the substrate surface making it more ductile and expands the metallurgically bonded region. Coatings deposited at various track spacings and surface temperatures are examined to assess coating quality, level of deformation and recrystallisation, and the effect of different track spacings on surface roughness and waviness. A track spacing of 3.5 mm was found to provide the most even coverage with the laser. Surface X-ray diffraction measures residual stress for different layers at various surface temperatures while incremental hole drilling measures stress profiles for coatings of varying thickness. All coatings were found to be well bonded with low porosity.
Economic Potential of Cold Spraying MCrAlY Coatings: Use of Nitrogen and Feasibility of Powder Recycling
Authors: Guo Deliang , Jodoin Bertrand , Fernandez Ruben
Published: January 2023

In this study, nitrogen is employed rather than helium to cold spray MCrAlY coatings at relatively low process settings. Recycling of the non-deposited particles during the spray is also explored, and the characteristics and cold sprayability of recycled powder are compared with that of as-received feedstock powder. The resulting MCrAlY coatings from the two powders, though different thicknesses, show similar dense microstructures, low oxide inclusion, and smooth surface finish, all of which contribute to improved oxidation behavior.
Interfacial TEM Analysis of Cold Sprayed MCrAlY Coating Onto CMSX-4 Superalloy Using Nitrogen
Authors: Fernandez Ruben , Guo Deliang , Jodoin Bertrand , Wang Yin
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the viability of using nitrogen instead of helium to cold spray NiCoCrAlTaY coatings onto single-crystal superalloy substrates. The process, though feasible, has a low deposition efficiency, leading to a high level of deformation that affects the microstructure of both the coating and substrate. SEM and TEM analysis revealed metallurgical and mechanical bonding at the interface and grain refinement in the coating. A fine grain structure that developed in the substrate after deposition was also observed possibly caused by dynamic recrystallization during the deposition process. Evidence of element segregation in the substrate, identifiable as zones with a deformed γ/γ’ structure, was found as well.
Influence of Injector Head Geometry on Particle Injection in Plasma Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Öte M. , Knoch M.A. , Heinemann H.
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the effect of injector geometry on particle injection in plasma spraying. Numerical simulations show that high particle velocities can be realized with an injector that is significantly longer than the norm. In order to verify the prediction, injectors with different diameters and lengths were used to spray Al2O3 powders while measuring particle velocity at the injector outlet. Based on velocity, coating thickness, and XRD measurements, it is shown that small changes in injector geometry can have a significant influence on particle behavior without affecting phase composition. The unaltered state of the phase composition indicates that the particles did not possess enough momentum to penetrate the comparatively fast plasma jet.
High-Temperature Corrosion Behavior of Selected Thermally Sprayed Alloy-Based Coatings in an Aggressive Environment at 690°C
Authors: Česanek Zdeněk , Houdková Šárka , Lencová Katerina , Schubert Jan , Mušálek Radek , Lukáč František
Published: January 2023

This study evaluates the hot corrosion behavior of NiCoCrAlY, NiCoCrAlYHfSi, NiCoCrAlTaReY, and CoCrAlYTaCSi coatings on 1.4923 stainless steel, applied by high-pressure HVOF spraying. All coatings were cycled in in an environment of Na2SO4 and 82% Fe2(SO4)3 at 690 °C. Each cycle consisted of 1 h of heating in a silicon carbide tube furnace followed by 20 min of cooling. Weight change measurements were performed after each cycle to track corrosion kinetics, and SEM and EDS analysis were employed to analyze the corrosion mechanism. CoCrAlYTaCSi showed the best corrosion resistance of the coatings tested.
Low Thermal Conduction Mechanisms in Cation-Deficient Perovskite-Type Oxides
Authors: Kiaoka Satoshi , Matsudaira Tsuneaki , Kawashima Naoki , Ogawa Takafumi , Fisher Craig A.J. , Kato Takeharu , Yokoe Daisaku , Habu Yoichiro
Published: January 2023

Cation-deficient perovskite-type oxides have received considerable attention as new thermal barrier coating materials because of their extremely low thermal conductivities. In this study, sintered samples produced from RTa3O9 (R: Y, La or Yb) powders are examined and the mechanisms behind their low thermal conductivity are investigated. Thermal conductivity was found to vary primarily with the ionic radius of the R element. As ionic radius decreases, nanodomains form via tilting of the TaO6 octahedra. Phonon scattering at the domain boundaries is thus likely responsible for the low thermal conductivity of cation-deficient perovskite oxides.
Development of Fluoropolymer Coating Using Low Pressure Cold Spray
Authors: Lock Sulen W. , Ravi K. , Ichikawa Y. , Ogawa K.
Published: January 2023

Fluoropolymer and other polymer materials are extremely difficult to coat using solid-state deposition techniques such as cold spraying. In this study, fluoroethylene propylene (FEP) is cold sprayed onto a metallic substrate in order to investigate the effect of powder size, gas temperature and pressure, and substrate surface treatments. A powder modification technique that uses fumed nanoceramic particles as an additive to the feedstock is evaluated as well. The results show that the deposition efficiency of FEP is affected by particle size, gas temperature, and traverse speed as well as the added nanoceramic which, in this case, is either silica or alumina. It is also shown that the hydrophobic properties of the fluoropolymer are retained in the coatings and that adhesion between the coating and substrate plays a critical role.
Multivariate Analysis and Evaluation of the Porous Architecture of Suspension Plasma Sprayed Coatings
Authors: Zhao Yongli , Wang Yan , Peyraut François , Planche Marie-Pierre , Liao Hanlin , Montavon Ghislain , Ilavsky Jan , Lasalle Audrey , Allimant Alain
Published: January 2023

YSZ coatings were deposited by suspension plasma spraying and a parametric study was performed with different process parameters. Afterward, the porosity of the as-prepared coatings was investigated by SEM imaging and X-ray transmission and a multivariate analysis of the collected data was carried out. The results show that total porosity correlates negatively with suspension mass load, but positively with original powder size, spray step, substrate roughness, and spray distance, which was found to have the greatest impact. A porosity prediction model was also developed and its practical use is discussed.
Research on Microstructure of Laser-Remelted Cold-Sprayed Inconel 625 Coatings on Copper
Authors: Zeng Liang , Ma Wenhua , Lu Yi , Zhang Kejie , Wang Gaomin , Xie Yingchun , Huang Renzhong
Published: January 2023

This study demonstrates a two-step laser cladding process for copper substrates in which cold spraying is used as a powder preplacing method to overcome problems associated with the high laser reflectivity of copper as well as the effects of high-temperature oxidation. In the first step of the process, Inconel powders are cold sprayed onto pure copper, producing a layer with a thickness of about 250 μm and a porosity of 0.88%. This is followed by a 3.5 kW laser remelting treatment using a 1030 nm laser with a spot size of 2.5 mm. Examination and testing of the as-sprayed and remelted layers show how the laser treatment improves coating microstructure, hardness, density, and metallurgical bonding.
Adhesion of HVOF Sprayed WC-Co Coatings on Additively Processed 316L
Authors: Tillmann W. , Hagen L. , Schaak C. , Liß J. , Schaper M. , Hoyer K.-P. , Aydinöz M.E. , Garthe K.-U.
Published: January 2023

In this study, WC-Co coatings were deposited on additively manufactured 316L stainless steel substrates by HVOF spraying. Prior to spraying, the SLM parts were exposed to various mechanical pretreatments, before and after which their surface topography and residual stress state were assessed. After spraying, Vickers indentation tests were conducted to assess interfacial bond strength between the coating and substrate. To differentiate between topographical effects and residual stress related phenomena, stress-relief heat treatments were conducted at various points in the investigation.
Corrosion Resistance of Iron-Based Alloy Coatings Deposited by HVOF Process
Authors: Pukasiewicz Anderson Gerlado Marenda , Sucharski Gustavo Bavaresco , Siqueira Irene Bida de Araújo Fernandes , de Andrade Juliano , Váz Rodolpho Fernando , Alberto Luiz , Procopiak Jorge
Published: January 2023

Hydraulic turbines, valves, and pumps operate in environments where they are exposed to cavitation phenomena and corrosion, which can result in mass loss, leading to reduced performance and failure. HVOF spraying has been used to repair eroded surfaces on such components and new alloys are being developed to reduce repair costs. This investigation assesses the cavitation resistance of FeMnCrSiNiB alloy coatings deposited by HVOF spraying. Corrosion rates and oxidation potentials are measured under different conditions and compared to stainless steel coatings normally used on water turbine runners.
Characterization of Atmospheric Plasma-Sprayed Strontium Doped Lanthanum Chromite Interconnector for Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Chen Xu , Zhang Shan-Lin , Li Cheng-Xin , Li Chang-Jiu
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the effect of deposition temperature and particle size on lanthanum strontium chromite (LSC) deposits produced by atmospheric plasma spraying. The results show that dense deposits with lamellar interface bonding can be achieved at temperatures above the critical bonding temperature and that particle size has a significant effect on chromium vaporization losses. The loss of chromium may be responsible for the low electrical conductivity of LSC deposits produced from small powders, which suggests that conductivity can be controlled with appropriate process adjustments.
Etch Behavior of Yttrium-Based Plasma Resistant Coating Prepared by Vacuum Kinetic Spray
Authors: Kim Yeonju , Kwon Hansol , Lee Changhee
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the plasma erosion resistance of Y2O3 and YF3 films deposited on aluminum 6061 substrates by vacuum kinetic spraying, a low-temperature deposition process. Y2O3 and YF3 powders with different particle sizes were selected as feedstock materials and characterized in their as-delivered and heat-treated states. Dense films several micrometers in thickness were sprayed using helium as the process gas and surface component analysis confirmed the successful formation of the yttrium-based layers. Plasma etch rates were measured in nanometers per minute and the results show that there is no significant difference between the two films.
Evaluation of the Ductility of Cold-Sprayed Copper Coatings for the Long-Term Disposal of Nuclear Fuel
Authors: Guerreiro Bruno , Vo Phyong , Poirier Dominique , Legoux Jean-Gabriel , Zhang Xuan , Giallonardo Jason D.
Published: January 2023

An internationally recognized best practice for disposing used nuclear fuels is to store them in specially designed containers in deep geological repositories. One type of spent fuel container is a carbon steel canister with a cold-sprayed copper coating. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of various factors on the ductility of this protective copper layer. The current investigation finds that there can be significant variability in ductility when feedstock powder size and chemical composition are changed while keeping spraying and heat treatment conditions constant. Test results show that the ductility of nitrogen-sprayed copper decreases with increasing hardness, but can be improved by raising annealing temperature from 300 to 600 °C. The effects of substrate geometry and process variations are discussed as well.
Thin Cold Sprayed Coatings for Nuclear Fuel with Enhanced Accident Tolerance
Authors: Walters Jorie L. , Romero Javier E. , Mueller Andrew J. , Stiteler Richard S. , Shah Hemant H. , Oelrich Rober L.
Published: January 2023

This paper describes the development of cold-sprayed chromium coatings that are used to increase the corrosion and wear resistance of zirconium-based nuclear fuel cladding tubes. Significant effort was necessary to deposit very thin layers of chromium on 4 m long, 10 mm diameter tubes by cold spraying. As explained in the paper, a final polishing step is used to reduce surface roughness and adjust coating thickness to the desired specifications.
Property Enhancement of Cold Sprayed Al-Diamond MMC Coating by Using Core-Shelled Diamond Reinforcements
Authors: Yin Shuo , Lupoi Rocco , Chen Chaoyue
Published: January 2023

Super wear-resistant aluminum-based metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings were produced using cold spraying. Cu-Ni coated diamond and pure diamond particles were used as reinforcing agents. Test results show that the metallic Cu-Ni shell served as a buffer layer, preventing the fracture of diamond particles upon impact as occurred with the uncoated diamond. The coated diamond particles were also found to have a higher deposition efficiency due to metallurgical bonding between the Cu shell and Al matrix. Under tribological testing, all coatings performed well, but those reinforced with the coated diamond showed higher wear resistance due to higher diamond content and involvement of Cu and Ni.
Thermal Sprayed Aluminum Coatings Al99 and AlSi12 on Carbon Fiber Reinforced Magnesium-Alloy AZ91 for Integration in Aluminum-Cast Processes
Authors: Mrotzek Tino , Condé-Wolter Jan , Behnisch Thomas , Gude Maik , Barbosa Maria , Scheitz Stefan , Schultz Davide , Leyens Christoph
Published: January 2023

Aluminum castings have limited strength and stiffness and tend to exhibit brittle fracture behavior under fatigue loading. These properties can be significantly improved, however, as this study shows, by reinforcing cast aluminum parts with magnesium metal-matrix composite structures. In order to obtain a bond between the cast Al and fiber-reinforced Mg composite surfaces, Al alloy (Al99 and AlSi12) layers were deposited on the Mg structures by thermal spraying. The mechanical properties of the bonding were assessed via single-lap shear and adhesive tensile tests along with optical microsection analysis. Hybrid aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg castings incorporating coated Mg-MMC inserts were also produced and examined, validating the general approach, while revealing that heat input to the MMC structure must be reduced through design or process adaptations.
Use of Alternative Process Gases and Modifications for Manufacturing Heating Elements by Arc Spraying
Authors: Hauer M. , Ripsch B. , Krömmer W. , Henkel K.-M.
Published: January 2023

In this study, NiCr alloy coatings were deposited by arc spraying using different combinations and mixtures of pressurizing gases and other process modifications. Coating properties were examined mainly by SEM, EDS, and conductivity measurements. The results show significantly reduced oxygen contents and improved coating morphologies compared to reference coatings produced using current plasma processes. Improved microstructure is shown to have a positive effect on surface quality and specific resistivity, making it possible to texture arc-sprayed coatings just as successfully as the plasma-sprayed reference layers. Moreover, the temperature coefficients and resistivities of arc-sprayed NiCr were found to be superior to those of conventionally manufactured coatings.
How Al and Ta Diffusion Responses the Oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings – Experiments
Authors: Li Zhangqiu , Yuan Kang , Yu Yueguang , Liu Jianming , Zhang Deming
Published: January 2023

This study investigates how Al and Ta diffusion affects the growth of surface oxides in NiCoCrAlYTa coatings and the interdiffusion that occurs between coatings and single-crystal substrates in high-temperature oxidation processes. HVOF-sprayed layers were tested at temperatures between 900 °C and 1100 °C and the corresponding oxidation behavior of Al and Ta was assessed. It was found that higher amounts of Al in MCrAlY coatings promote the selective oxidation of Al2O3 and that the addition of Ta increases the stability of the γ’-Ni3(Al,Ta) phase.
Effect of Process Parameters on Properties of Flame-Sprayed Icephobic Polymer Coatings
Authors: Donadei Valentina , Koivuluoto Heli , Vuoristo Petri
Published: January 2023

In this study, icephobic polymer coatings were produced by flame spraying using different process parameters. Process optimization for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) coatings was achieved through design of experiments. The most icephobic coating was produced at a traverse speed of 900 mm/sec and a spraying distance of 250 mm. Although surface roughness affected ice adhesion, thermal effects proved to be the main factor influencing the performance of the coating. The higher the processing temperature, the smoother the surface and the greater the polymer degradation. It is also shown that coating degradation can be caused during post heating steps with similar consequences in the ice-shedding performance of the LDPE coatings.
Metallization of Polymers by Cold Spraying with Low Melting Point Powders
Authors: Che Hanqing , Yue Stephen , Vo Phuong , Nobari Amir , Marques Ana Da Silva
Published: January 2023

Tin coatings have been successfully applied to polymeric substrates by means of cold spraying. In this work, three low melting point powders, including Sn, Sn-Zn, and Sn-Bi, are cold sprayed onto various polymeric substrates and different combinations of gas temperature and pressure are assessed. Based on the results, the effect of melting points on the cold sprayability of feedstock powders is discussed.
How Al and Ta Diffusion Responses the Oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa Coatings—Simulations
Authors: Yu Yueguang , Yuan Kang , Liu Jianming , Zhang Deming
Published: January 2023

This paper is the second part of a study on how Al and Ta diffusion affects the oxidation of NiCoCrAlYTa coatings. Thermodynamic and diffusion simulations of the coatings with different additions of Al and Ta predicted the development of a typical γ, γ’, ß-phase microstructure and suggested that the ß-NiAl phase was depleted as Al diffused into the substrate. The simulations also indicated that Ta could diffuse back to γ’-Ni3(Al,Ta) phase in the substrate with a γ’ depletion due to inward diffusion of Co and Cr from the HVOF-sprayed deposit. How this process impacts microstructure development is discussed in detail.
Macroscopic Modelling of an Agglomerated and Sintered Particle in Air Plasma Spraying
Authors: Bobzin K. , Öte M. , Knoch M.A. , Alkhasli I.
Published: January 2023

A low thermal conductivity in feedstock material and high plasma temperatures generally lead to inhomogeneous heating of particles in plasma spraying. Existing modeling methods can determine heat transfer within idealized spherical particles with homogenous morphology, but in many cases, particles have an agglomerated morphology, consisting of multiple smaller particles that are packed together. The reduced contact area between the individual smaller particles results in a drastic reduction of the effective thermal conductivity of the agglomerate. On the other hand, it enhances heat transfer from the plasma gas due to the increased particle surface area and penetration of the hot plasma into the agglomerate. Moreover, the momentum transfer from the plasma to the agglomerate differs from that of a homogenous spherical particle, which can significantly affect heating dynamics. This paper presents a novel particle modeling approach that accounts for all such phenomena. Differences in kinematics and heating dynamics of the agglomerates are analyzed with regard to their packing densities.
Low Power Microwave Plasma Spraying for Low Resistivity Cu Deposition Onto Resin Substrate
Authors: Yasui Toshiaki , Yamada Keisuke , Seto Naoya , Fukumoto Masahiro
Published: January 2023

In this study, copper coatings are deposited on polyacetal substrates by low-power microwave plasma spraying and the coating formation mechanism is investigated. In the initial formation of the coating, molten copper particles are embedded on the substrate, creating conditions for excellent bonding as confirmed by adhesion strength measurements exceeding 40 MPa. The study also shows that adding hydrogen to the argon working gas improves oxide reduction, resulting in copper coatings with volume resistivity as low as 0.049 µΩm.
Volume-Based Deposition Factor – A Practical Approach to Estimate Deposition Efficiency
Authors: Trache Richard , Curry Nicholas , Körner Karl , Leitner Matthias
Published: January 2023

Deposition efficiency is an important metric for thermal spraying, but it can be difficult to measure in some cases. In this study, a volume-based deposition factor is developed that can be used to estimate deposition efficiency simply by evaluating process parameters, coating thickness, and porosity. Coating thickness or thickness per pass is measured from the sample and parameters like feed rate, step size, and surface speed are taken into account. The correlation to deposition efficiency is demonstrated for various plasma and HVOF processes using powder and suspension feedstock materials. An example is also given showing how the method can be used to evaluate older data sets collected without regard to deposition efficiency.
Spallation Behavior of TBCs in Flame Thermal Shock Testing
Authors: Yuan Kang
Published: January 2023

When testing the thermal cycling resistance of thermal barrier coatings, the surface temperature of the materials must be controlled so that test results can be used for coating life prediction. In this study, the temperature at the surface of plasma-sprayed TBCs was controlled during thermal shock testing using feedback from a double-color IR thermometer and high-rate cooling. The results are presented and discussed, highlighting the capability of the recently designed thermal shock test.
Microstructures and Properties of Thermal Barrier Coatings Deposited by Hybrid Water-Stabilized Plasma Torch
Authors: Musalek Radek , Tesar Tomas , Medricky Jan , Lukac Frantisek , Chraska Tomas , Gupta Mohit
Published: January 2023

This study demonstrates the applicability of water-stabilized plasma (WSP) spraying for producing thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). A hybrid WSP torch was used to deposit yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) topcoats from powder, suspension, and solution feedstocks. A NiCrAlY bond coat was also sprayed and Hastelloy-X alloy was used as the substrate material. Microstructure, phase composition, and thermal cycle endurance were evaluated. All coatings showed excellent stability and thermal cycle endurance, withstanding more than 700 cycles, and in one case, more than 900 cycles.
Properties of Laser Melted MCrAlY Coatings on Cu Alloy Substrates
Authors: Yokota Hiroki , Kawai Daisuke
Published: January 2023

This study assesses the effect of laser melting on MCrAlY-coated copper substrates. CoNiCrAlY, NiCoCrAlY, and NiCrAlY powders were applied to copper alloy substrates by atmospheric plasma and HVOF spraying. Sample surfaces were then laser melted and coating properties were determined and correlated with coating composition, surface morphology, and cross-sectional microstructure. Laser melting not only caused the coatings to fuse to the substrate, but also precipitated the formation of an aluminum oxide surface layer that reduced the oxygen content in the coating. As a result of this finding, the coating samples were heat treated in order to measure their high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Finish Turning of FeCr17NiC0.2 Iron-Based Sprayed Coatings – Influences of Substrate Preparation and Cutting Speed on the Coating and Surface Properties
Authors: Grund T. , Paczkowski G. , Lampke T. , Liborius H. , Nestler A. , Schubert A.
Published: January 2023

In this investigation, thermally sprayed cylindrical specimens are machined by turning with different cutting speeds. To ensure that process-induced shearing loads do not cause delamination, a fine helical dovetail structure is cut into the substrate before it is coated with FeCrNi alloy by air plasma spraying. Dovetail structures with different geometries were produced and their effectiveness is compared. The finish-machined surfaces of the FeCrNi coatings were examined and characterized with respect to feed marks, cracks, open pores, pull outs, and residual stresses. It is shown that surface roughness and the number of pull outs decrease with increasing cutting speed while residual stresses remain relatively unchanged, except for the orientation of the first principal stress.
Fracture Toughness of Cold Sprayed Pure Metals
Authors: Kovarik Onrej , Siegl Jan , Cizek Jan , Chraska Tomas , Kondas Jan
Published: January 2023

The fracture toughness of pure Al, Cu, Ni, and Ti deposited by cold spraying was investigated to gain a better understanding of the damage process and quantify material performance. Rectangular specimens of self-standing deposits with fatigue pre-cracks were tested in three-point bending. KIC values were obtained from J-R curves and stress-strain curves were plotted. The cold-sprayed deposits exhibited significantly lower fracture toughness than the same wrought materials, and fractographic analysis revealed either ductile or cleavage intergranular fracture as the major failure mode.
Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy Fabricated by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Chen Chaoyue , Ren Zhongming , Xie Yingchun , Huang Renzhong , Liu Min , Yan Xingchen , Xie Xinliang , Liao Hanlin
Published: January 2023

In this work, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is used to reduce interior defects, adjust the microstructure, and improve the tensile properties of cold-sprayed Ti6Al4V. Optical microscope and X-ray tomography were used to characterize pore morphologies and porosity evolution. XCT reconstructions show that fully dense Ti6Al4V alloy with an equiaxed microstructure were achieved. Tensile testing shows that strength and ductility were improved as well because of enhanced diffusion and resultant metallurgical bonding.
Surface Grain Refinement of AZ91D Magnesium Alloy by Cold Spraying Shot Peening Process
Authors: Wang Hong-Tao , Yao Hai-Long , Bai Xiao-Bo , Chen Qing-Yu , Ji Gang-Chang , Jodoin Bertrand
Published: January 2023

In this work, a new cold-spray shot-peening process was used to achieve surface nanocrystallization on a magnesium alloy deposit. The results of various examinations and tests show that nanocrystalline layers up to 40 µm thick with an average grain size in range of 50-80 nm can be prepared on AZ91D deposits using the new process. The nanocrystalline layers also exhibit good microhardness and tribological properties.
Cold Spray as an Innovative Process to Develop Leak Tight Aluminum Coatings for Ultrahigh Vacuum Applications in a Large Particle High-Energy Collider
Authors: Weiller Sebastien , Debray Antoine , Gaslin Fabrice , Sennour Mohamed , Delloro Francesco , Jeandin Michel
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on the relationship between porosity and leak tightness in cold-sprayed aluminum. Aluminum coatings with 0.2-9% porosity were produced by cold spraying and evaluated via helium leak testing. Multiscale porosity was determined through SEM and TEM analyses and shows good correlation with leak test results. The mechanisms involved in the creation of porosity were investigated as well through finite element analysis of single and multi-particle impacts.
Hot Corrosion Behavior of HVOF (Cr3C2 + 25NiCrAlY) and PVD (CrN) Coating on a Waspaloy Nickel-Base Superalloy in 60%V2O5 + 30%Na2SO4 + 10% NaCl Environment: A Comparative Study
Authors: Biava Giovany , Pukasiewicz Anderson Gerlado Marenda , Siqueira I.B.A.F. , Vaz Rodolpho Fernando
Published: January 2023

In this study, two coatings, one produced by HVOF spraying, the other by physical vapor deposition (PVD), were applied on a nickel superalloy substrate in order to compare their hot corrosion behavior. The coating samples were initially characterized by OM and SEM-EDS analysis, then a mixture of V2O5, Na2SO4, and NaCl was deposited on the surface and the samples were to 900 °C for 35 h. The results show that the PVD CrN coating provided better corrosion protection than HVOF-sprayed CrC-NiCrAlY.
Study on the Microstructures and Corrosion Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Dicalcium Silicate Coatings
Authors: Shao Fang , Xiao Yuan , Zhuang Yin , Ni Jinxing , Zhao Huayu , Tao Shunyan
Published: January 2023

In this study, dicalcium silicate (Ca2SiO4) coatings were deposited on stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying. Salt spray and immersion tests were carried out to evaluate corrosion performance and XRD, SEM, and EDS were used to analyze phase composition and microstructure. During corrosion testing, calcium carbonate crystals appeared on coating surfaces and the pores were filled with hydration products, producing denser coatings. Potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy plots indicated that the corrosion resistance of the coatings increased after immersion in saltwater and artificial seawater, and in the latter case, a silica-rich layer was observed between the coating and the calcium carbonate crystals.
How Laser Cladding Combined with Thermal Spray Technologies Improve Yield and Particle Performances in Latest Semiconductor PVD Production Chambers
Authors: Marchand Olivier , Rosenberg Reed , Groshong Gary , Schlumpf Doug
Published: January 2023

This paper describes a method for producing textured surface layers on vacuum chamber components that act as particle traps. The novel textures consist of a stainless steel core produced by direct energy deposit laser cladding covered with a twin-wire arc sprayed aluminum film. The process has been qualified for 20 nm and older IC architectures and is now implemented in production equipment. It has been proven to significantly increase preventive maintenance intervals, reduce particle levels, and enhance yield.
PLC-based PID controller for real-time pH neutralization process using Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors: Zainal Azavitra , Abdul Wahab Norhaliza , Yusof Mohd Ismail
Published: January 2023

The pH neutralization process is a highly non-linear process and time delay system that is difficult to control and to accurately model mathematically. Therefore, the empirical method, which needs reliable experimental data to represent the process dynamics, is often used. In this paper, the performance of the PLC-based PID controller was studied using a different adjustment of the acid dosing pump stroke rate in the pH neutralization process. The pH neutralization process is a single-input, single-output system where the manipulated variable is the alkali dosing pump stroke rate, the controlled variable is pH, and the acid dosing pump stroke rate is set as a constant. The acid dosing pump stroke rate was adjusted to 10%, 15% and 25%. The results showed that the best performance of the PID controller was based on setpoint tracking when the setting of the acid dosing pump stroke rate was set at 10%, which could be used as experimental data in the empirical method. In addition, the real-time control system was integrated between PLC and MATLAB using National Instruments OPC server to access the experimental data in real-time, conduct simulation, and to develop the advanced control in the future.
ABSTRAK: Peneutralan pH adalah proses tidak linear yang sukar dikawal dan sukar mendapat model matematik yang tepat. Oleh itu, kaedah empirikal memerlukan data eksperimen masa nyata bagi mewakili proses dinamik untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Kajian ini adalah berkaitan kajian prestasi pengawal PLC-berdasarkan PID menggunakan pelbagai perubahan kadar strok pam dos asid dalam proses peneutralan pH. Proses peneutralan pH ini adalah sistem satu input/output, di mana pemboleh ubah yang dimanipulasi adalah kadar peratusan strok pam dos alkali menggunakan pam peristaltik, pemboleh ubah kawalan ialah pH dan pemboleh ubah malar ialah peratusan dos asid.Kadar strok pam dos asid dilaraskan pada 10%, 15% dan 25%. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan prestasi terbaik kawalan PID adalah berdasarkan pengesan titik-set apabila kadar strok pam dos asid dilaraskan pada 10%, di mana ianya berkesan apabila digunakan sebagai data eksperimen dalam kaedah empirikal. Tambahan, kajian ini telah berjaya membentuk sistem kawalan masa nyata bagi proses penutralan pH menggunakan PLC dan MATLAB melalui pelayan National Instruments OPC bagi membolehkan pertukaran data eksperimen secara masa nyata yang cekap, menjalankan simulasi dan pembangunan kawalan termaju pada masa hadapan.
Grain Production on the Principles of Circularity: Perspective Technologies and Their Incentives
Authors:   Mykolayiv National Agrarian University, Havrysh Valerii
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The high level of grain production in Ukraine has been achieved thanks to the achievements of genetics, agronomy, mechanization and other innovations. Its growth faces the problem of limited arable land and natural resources. The future increase in grain production should be achieved mainly by using fewer natural resources. Overcoming the above challenges is possible through the implementation of a circular economy strategy. Purpose. The purposes of the article are: 1) the analysis of the current state of the circularity of grain production in Ukraine; 2) the identification of key current and future technological innovations that could ensure circularity; 3) to identify the necessary policy changes to encourage the use of these technologies. Results. The following methods were used in the research process: abstract-logical (problem statement, substantiation of conclusions); monographic (analysis of the evolution of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of the circular economy); dialectical knowledge. The key differences between the linear and circular economy are identified. The peculiarities of the circular economy are highlighted. It is emphasized that the circularity of the system and sustainability are interrelated concepts. It is determined that the circular economy is a set of economic tools and methods used to ensure the sustainable development of the grain production system. Promising technologies that can be applied in the production of grain are analyzed. The implementation of a circular model requires a change in modern business models. The main measures of the state regulatory policy on support and stimulation of such business models are analyzed. Conclusions. The theoretical foundations of the circular economy for the grain production have been developed. It ensures sustainable development by optimizing the use of resource potential and innovative business models with systematic state support. The introduction of the circular economy model in the production of grain crops will contribute to the implementation of sustainable economic development of the agricultural sector of the economy.
Analytical and Information Support for the Operation of Exchange Market Participants: Logistics Approach
Authors:   V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kuzmynchuk N.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The article analyzes the formation tendencies of analytical and information support for the operation of the exchange market participants on the basis of the logistic approach in the conditions of permanent crisis in the economy. Purpose. . It is formulated and substantiated the principles that form the basis of information support of exchange activities, the predominance of economic content over the legal form, continuity, comparability of data, continuity, multiple use of data. Results. The problems related to the insufficient provision of the commercial banks, investment companies and nonbanking organizations representing the interests of investors and issuers with the quality information necessary for making economically sound management decisions by the group of stakeholders are highlighted. First, establishing the existence of the problems in the formation and development of exchange-traded financial markets, in particular: the need to form the strong national exchange-traded financial markets that will attract financial capital. Secondly, there are difficulties with clarification of participation in exchange financial markets and determining the relationships that have developed between the participants at the present stage of the development of exchange markets based on a logistical approach which consists of minimizing risks and protecting the rights of investors. Thirdly, weak theoretical research of the methodological and methodological foundations of information support for the participants activities in exchange financial markets. Conclusions. It is proven the necessity of a system forming of accounting for the participants in exchange financial markets which is aimed at providing the group of stakeholders for decision-making with the information in the context of a logistic approach. A scientific approach to assessing the quality of information disclosed by participants in exchange financial markets is substantiated and the main components are structured within which information of a financial and financial nature is disclosed in the participants` reports in exchange financial markets. Prospects for further research are the development and implementation of a mechanism for managing the activities of exchange market participants in the context of a logistic approach.
Business Gift Giving Etiquette Features in Different Countries
Authors:   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Kukharyk Viktoria
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Introduction. The present article deals with the gift giving etiquette in different countries. It is noted that mutual communication is becoming an increasingly universal phenomenon for people of different cultural backgrounds. A substantiated opinion is that business partners typically give gifts to show appreciation, respect, express best wishes or congratulations, and show goodwill to continue working together and maintain relationships. It is noted that business etiquette plays a crucial role in the smooth development of international business. It has been established that the gifts exchange has a long history and since ancient times high foreign guests have always arrived in another country with gifts. Purpose. The purpose of this research is a comprehensive investigation of the business gifts giving etiquette in different countries, identifying and studying the key common and distinctive features of this process. Results. It is especially difficult to communicate effectively with business partners of different cultures. Hence, it is necessary to study not only the issues to be discussed in business meeting with foreign business partners, but also business ethics of the relevant country. An effective way to improve the relationship between business partners is a gift giving. This prosess can express different types of emotions and reduce mutual misunderstandings or conflicts, mutual emotional distance and strengthen relationships between business partners. And vice versa, the wrong gift can lead to the contract ending. Under those circumstances, it is important for the gift sender to respect the culture of business partners, to understand the customs of the country. Conclusions. Therefore, the gift-giving etiquette is closely linked to different social customs, historical traditions, religious beliefs and lifestyles of different countries. At the end, the comparing of gift-giving different aspects between countries will help to understand the different cultural values, and hence to ensure an effective mutual communication between different nations.
State of Financial Support of Local Budgets
Authors:   t, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Smolinska Sofia
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Given the independence of local governments in the performance of their duties and the exercise of their own and delegated powers, the local budget occupies a special place as the financial basis for their implementation. The current system of mobilization of budget resources in Ukraine is characterized by a low level of own revenues to local budgets, which is expressed in an increase in intergovernmental transfers. The real financial opportunities of local authorities are very limited, which, in turn, hinders the socio-economic development of the regions of Ukraine. Given this, the state of financial support of local budgets is an urgent issue that needs further study. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to deepen the theoretical aspects, improve methodological and practical recommendations for providing local government with budgetary resources. Results. Theoretical principles of financial support of local budgets are highlighted. The place of local budgets in the general budget system of Ukraine is given. The economic essence of the concept of "local budgets" is revealed. The classification of local budgets in accordance with current legislation is highlighted. The number of local budgets as of January 1, 2022 in Ukraine is given. The structure of revenues of local budgets of Ukraine is studied. The composition of local budget revenues of Ukraine in 2019-2021 is analyzed. It is proved that tax revenues occupy the largest share in the structure of local budget revenues. A dynamic and structural analysis of the composition of tax revenues of local budgets of Ukraine in 2019-2021. The composition of non-tax revenues of local budgets of Ukraine is studied. The current problems of formation and management of the financial base of local budgets of Ukraine are highlighted. Measures to stabilize the situation are given. The obtained results of the research can be implemented in the activities of state structures at the local level in terms of making adjustments to the financial support of local budgets. Conclusions. The conducted research testifies to the critical state of financial support of local authorities, which will negatively affect the implementation of the assigned tasks and powers of local self-government. This can be seen in the problems of local finance.
Determinant of Total Factor Productivity Growth In South Sumatra
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Thanomutiara Eka
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Introduction. Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is size productivity, more highthe Total Factor Productivity index is getting high productivity, so more high economic growth. Growth of the economy of South Sumatra province in some years experience a significant increase _ even more tall than the national average. Role technology in growth is very important. For that need, existence is a known determinant of TFP growth. Potential Output Variables Becomes moderating variable for variable Natural resources Nature and Income per capita against variable Dependent Total Factor Productivity. Purpose. This research aims to determine and measure whether potential output variable as a moderating variable is able to strengthen or weaken the relationship between other input variables, such income per capita and natural resources towards variable Total Factor Productivity. Results. Research results show that Potential Output Variables could Become variable Moderating variable Natural resources Nature and Income per capita, yield equality Moderating regression shows that Potential Output has moderation to variable Natural resources Nature and Income per capita by strong and significant weaken growth in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) of South Sumatra Province. Conclusions. Based on the results coefficient determinant is known to score coefficient determination R2 of 0.92 while the coefficient determinant first equation (natural resource) state amount 0.89 dan second equation (income per capita) is 0.81, it is indicate that Potential Output as moderating variable able to weaken input variable natural resources and income per capita towards Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth of Sout Sumatera Province.