bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial Accountability of Dayah in Aceh Province: Its Meaning and Practice
Authors: Al Muddatstsir Uun Dwi , Asmuni Asmuni , Marliyah Marliyah
Published: December 2022

This study aims to examine the accountability perspectives and practices of financial reporting within dayah institutions in Aceh. The object of this study is dayah institutions located in Langsa City, East Aceh, and Aceh Tamiang. Data were gathered using in-depth interviews with the informants that were selected using purposive sampling with criteria: being a middle-upper management in one of these institutions and have involved in the production of accounting reports. In analyzing the data, the study employs the Miles and Huberman model along with Nvivo Software. The findings reveal that dayah's perspective on financial responsibility is a moral concept that upholds the values of integrity, communicativeness, and concern for meeting organizational duties regarding the use of public funds. In terms of accountability practice, it has not fully complied with the financial accounting standards outlined in PSAK 45 by the Institute of Indonesia Chartered Accountants (IAI), particularly with regard to the financial statements of non-profit entities, which include the disclosure of financial statements, activity reports, cash flow statements, and notes to financial statements. Consequently, it is imperative to expedite the improvement of financial reporting in dayah institutions.======================================================================================================== ABSTRAK - Akuntabilitas Keuangan Dayah di Aceh: Pemahaman dan Praktiknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran dan pemahaman tentang perspektif akuntabilitas keuangan pada lembaga dayah di provinsi Aceh serta praktik akuntabilitas keuangan yang dilakukannya. Pendekatan penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman serta di kombinasikan dengan alat analisis Software Nvivo. Objek penelitian adalah lembaga dayah yang ada di Kota Langsa, Aceh Timur dan Aceh Tamiang. Informan penelitian ini adalah para pimpinan dayah dan pihak yang terlibat dalam pembuatan laporan keuangan dayah. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran bahwa perspektif dayah tentang akuntabilitas keuangan adalah suatu konsep akhlak yang menjunjung tinggi nilai integritas, komunikatif, dan kepedulian untuk memenuhi pertanggungjawaban organisasi dalam menggunakan dana publik. Praktik akuntabilitas belum memenuhi standar akuntansi keuangan yang digariskan dalam PSAK 45, khususnya dalam hal pengungkapan laporan keuangan, laporan aktivitas, laporan arus kas, dan catatan atas laporan keuangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya-upaya yang dapat mempercepat perbaikan laporan keuangan pada lembaga dayah di Aceh.
Jula-Jula: Economic and Accounting Practices in the Muslim Community of North Sumatra
Authors: Kamilah Kamilah , B Syarbaini Ahmad Muhaisin , Yafiz Muhammad
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze and evaluate jula-jula as an accounting and economic practice among the Muslim population of North Sumatra. This study is a descriptive qualitative evaluation of indigenous knowledge in North Sumatra. In-depth interviews were employed for data gathering. Four jula-jula practitioners, five academics, and four Islamic scholars (ulama) were chosen as informants using the snowball sampling technique. The analysis was conducted using Miles and Huberman’s model starting from data reduction, data presentation, to conclusion drawing. The findings illuminate the relationship between jula-jula as an accounting and economic practice and cultural accounting, managerial accounting, behavioral accounting, and Islamic economics. The findings provide a solution for accounting and sharia-based public financial planning.==============================================================================================================ABSTRAK - Jula-Jula: Praktik Akuntansi dan Ekonomi dalam Komunitas Masyarakat Muslim Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan mereview jula-jula, kearifan lokal di Sumatera Utara sebagai suatu praktik akuntansi dan ekonomi dalam komunitas masyarakat muslim Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan mempelajari keadaan objek penelitian yakni jula-jula suatu kearifan lokal di Sumatera Utara menggunakan wawancara mendalam sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Pemilihan informan dilakukan dengan cara snowball sampling. Informan terdiri dari lima orang akademisi, empat orang ulama dan empat orang praktisi. Selanjutnya dianalisis dengan model Miles dan Huberman mulai dari reduksi data, penyajian data dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian ini berkontribusi dalam memahami hubungan praktik jula-jula sebagai praktk akuntansi dan ekonomi dengan akuntansi budaya, akuntansi manajemen, akuntansi keprilakuan dan ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi solusi dalam perencanaan keuangan masyarakat yang sesuai dengan akuntansi dan kaidah syariah.
Editorial Notes: The Uniqueness of Islamic Economic and Financial Practices in Indonesia
Authors: Ibrahim Azharsyah
Published: December 2022

This issue highlights the global success against Covid-19 during the last three years. Let us pray that Allah SWT protects us and our loved ones from harm and blesses us with good health constantly. We are delighted to witness the academic community's commitment to carry on their research and other scholarly endeavors. This issue mostly publishes articles on Islamic economics and finance with unique practices throughout Indonesia that can be summarized on a variety of topics, including accounting, the zakat system, halal tourism, Islamic banking, capital market, and microeconomics. We have selected the 13 top papers to present to you, and we are certain that each one stands out in its own unique manner.
Supporting factors for labor productivity in Indonesia
Authors: Arham Muhammad Amir , Akib Fitri Hadi Yulia
Published: December 2022

Indonesia's investment attractiveness is still weak compared to other ASEAN countries; one of the reasons is the low labor productivity. On this basis, this study aims to find out what factors are dominantly driving labor productivity in Indonesia statistically, as well as the right policy model to encourage labor productivity, bringing Indonesia a high-income country. The analytical method used in this study is panel data regression analysis, 2014 - 2018 period, covering 34 provinces in Indonesia. The study suggests that fiscal policy through general allocation fund (DAU) or transfers signifies increasing labor productivity, while special allocation fund (DAK) does not. Economic factors such as labor costs, the contribution of the agricultural sector, and economic openness can increase labor productivity, while industrial sector share has no effect. Social factors measured by the education level of general secondary schools and life expectancy (health) affect labor productivity enhancement; it is different from a vocational school. Consequently, the number of unemployed vocational school graduates is high.
Strategy in developing priority craft industry by using SAWSWOT Model in Jambi Province
Authors: Yuvanda Sesraria , Rachmad R. M. , Hidayat M. Syurya
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the quality creative craft industry to be developed and to formulate a strategy for developing these priority creative industries. The analytical model used to determine the priority creative craft industry is the SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) model. The SAWSWOT model is used to formulate the priority creative industry development strategy. The result of the study shows that the batik industry has been selected as a priority creative craft industry. At the same time, the strategies that can be used to develop the batik industry are increasing IT mastery by management staff, workforce skills, using Jambi batik design applications, and marketing through E-Commerce.
Effects of corporate governance disclosure on profitability of public listed firms in Tanzania
Authors: Ngollo Magwana , Mwenda Beny
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the effect of corporate governance information (CGI) disclosure on firms' profitability in the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE). Twenty-one listed companies were studied for a period ranging from 2006 to 2021 using a mixed research method with an explanatory sequential design. Return on equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA) was employed as dependent variables in the panel data analysis. CGI disclosure was an independent variable. The control variables were geographical diversification, firm age, size, and sales growth. Secondary data was obtained from DSE. Qualitative data was gathered via semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis and a random effect model with two estimates (1 and 2) were used to analyze qualitative and quantitative data. The findings suggested a positive and significant effect of CGI disclosure on firm profitability. The findings add to the body of knowledge by signifying stakeholder theory. The study concluded that Disclosure of CGI might undeniably result in increased profitability. We recommended that firm managers look closely at CGI disclosure, enhance their disclosure practices, and invest in disclosure strategies that benefit stakeholders.
It takes two to Tango: The joint effect of democracy and fiscal capacity on economic growth in Indonesia
Authors: Jamil Hidsal , Ananda Candra Fajri , Prasetyia Ferry
Published: December 2022

The literature continues to debate the effects of democracy and fiscal capacity on economic growth, both partially and jointly. To remedy the literature puzzle, this study examines the economic growth effects of democracy and fiscal capacity in 34 Indonesian provinces from 2016 to 2021. Using a fixed-effect model, this study documents no evidence of a partial effect; rather, it finds a joint effect of democracy and fiscal capacity on Indonesian economic growth. These findings remain relatively robust even when provincial heterogeneity, COVID-19 pandemic shocks, and sectoral composition are factored into the model. This finding indicates that regions with democracy and strong fiscal capacity possess relatively fast per capita GRDP growth. Based on these findings, the study concludes that democracy and fiscal capacity should exist side by side. Indonesia's sub-national economic growth strategy, like a tango game, requires reforming two types of decentralization: political decentralization to improve the quality of democracy that upholds the merit system and fiscal decentralization to expand local tax capacity to finance public goods productively.
Determinants of economic growth regencies/cities in Jambi Province with dynamic panel data approach
Authors: Pratama Hajri Puja , Syaparuddin Syaparuddin , Emilia Emilia
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze the determinants of economic growth Regency/City in Jambi Province. The factors considered to be the determinants of economic growth are lagged economic growth, government expenditure, household consumption, labor, and infrastructure. This study used time series data from 2011-2020 and cross-section 11 regencies/cities in Jambi province. The analysis tool used in this study is dynamic panel data regression. The results of the dynamic panel data regression show the generalized system method of the moment model as the best model. Based on the analysis results, lagged economic growth had a significant positive effect. In the short term, labor had a significant negative effect, and infrastructure had a significant positive effect. In contrast, government expenditure and household consumption did not significantly affect economic growth. In the long run, infrastructure has a significant positive effect, while government expenditure, labor, and home consumption have no significant effect on economic growth.
Study of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology using Dangke, Whole Milk, and Whey Cheese Substrates
Authors: Asriani Asriani , Rani S.R.A. , Agus J. , Agus Lisdayanti
Published: December 2022

Microbial Fuel Cell technology using dangke, whole milk, and whey cheese as substrates have been done. Dangke, whole milk, and whey cheese were placed in the anode chamber. As for the cathode chamber, KMnO4 electrolyte solution was used. The two chambers were then connected by a membrane made of a salt bridge.  The highest voltage measurement results for dangke, whey cheese, and whole milk substrate were respectifley obtained at 659 mV, 998 mV, and 670 mV. As for the current measurement on each substrate, it was 0.29 mA, 0.37 mA, and 0.23 mA. In general, the measurement results show that the MFC made using whey cheese substrate has the best quality with a power density of 9.23 x 10-3 W/m2 . Thus, whey cheese which is an industrial waste can be used as an alternative source of electricity by converting organic compounds using microorganisms.
Generic Networks of Votings
Authors: Zawiślak Paweł , Zawiślak-Sprysak Ewa
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we analyse results of the 1 5 th International Henryk
Wieniawski Violin Competition by comparing the properties of its results
network to the properties of generic networks of votings. Suppose
that a competition Comp is given. In this competition, k
contestants are rated by n jurors. Suppose that the Borda count
is used as a voting method, i.e. every juror gives k points for
the best contestant, k−1 points for the second best contestant,
and so on. In particular, the worts contestant gets 1 point. For such a
competition, we create a weighted network N ( Comp ) in the following
way. The node set of N ( Comp ) corresponds to jurors and the link set
of N ( Comp ) consists of all links { J s , J t : s ≠ t } . For link l
st connecting nodes J s and J t , we assign the weight w ( l st ) = w st
, where w st = LF 2 ( α s α t − 1 ) . Here LF 2 is a Lehmer norm on the
permutation group S k , whereas α s and α t denotes the votes of jurors
J s and J t , respectively. In particular, for i = 1 , 2 , . . . , k , α
s ( i ) is the number of points given to the i-th contestant by
juror J s . The similar holds for juror J t . Note that α s and α t can
be considered as elements of S k . Suppose now that the probability
measure P is given on space V of all possible votings of a single
juror, i.e. on space S k . Suppose that every juror votes independently
according to P. We repeat such a voting process 100 times and for every
j = 1 , 2 , . . . , 1 0 0 , we create a network N j in the way described
above. In this paper, we compare some statistical properties of networks
N j , for probability measures P being the convex combinations of two
Dirac probability measures and a uniform probability measure, to the
properties of network of jurors’ votings in the 2016 Wieniawski
Competition.
Analytical and computational modelling techniques to characterize the mechanical property of biological cells using micro-constriction channels
Authors: Raj A. , Haider S. A. , Kumar Gaurav , Goyal T.
Published: December 2022

Mechanical property of biological cells can act as an indicator for the
health state of a human being. Mathematical modelling of cells help to
understand and predict the cell deformation patterns that might provide
insightful finding for cell mechanics. Many models have been developed
that tries to explain the cell mechanics at the cellular level. We
propose an analytical model that considers the poroelastic nature of
cells to understand their deformation behavior. The validity of the
model is tested by comparing the predicted cell deformations against the
experimental observations reported by Raj et al. (2017). Also, a
computational study is performed, where we employ an in house Python
code along with MS Excel GRG solver which incorporates the cell
deformation predictions from developed poroelastic model and predicts
the Young’s modulus value of the cells. The predictions using GRG based
approach showed a good match with the experimental results with a
maximum error of 12.09% in the case of MDA MB-231 cells. Further, we
present an artificial neural network model to predict the Young’s
modulus and viscosity of cells based on the experimentally measured
input parameters such as entry time, transit velocity, initial cell
diameter and extension ratio from the cell migration process through a
micro-constriction channel. It was found that the neural network with
architecture of 4-5-1 was best suited for the MCF-10A cells while the
4-8-1 architecture was giving better results for the MDA MB-231 cells.
The developed ANN model is further tested for Young’s Modulus prediction
of HeLa cells with completely new set of data. The predictions from ANN
based model for HeLa cells matched well the experimental prediction
within 4.5 % of error.
Labeling On Pentagonal Pyramidal Graceful Graph
Authors: AKannan * , Meenakshi A. , Bramila M.
Published: December 2022

Numbers that can be expressed as (r (r+1)) /2 for
all r ≥ 1 are called pentagonal pyramidal numbers. Assume G to be a
graph with p vertices and q edges. Let Φ: V(G) →{0, 1, 2… B
} where B is the c
number with a pentagonal pyramid, be an injective
function. Define the function Φ* :E(G) →{1,6,18,.., B
} such that Φ * (ab) = |Φ(a)- Φ(b)| which is true for
each and every edge abϵE(G). If Φ*(E(G)) represents a sequential
arrangement of non-identical successive pentagonal pyramidal numbers {B
, B , …, B },
then Φ can be regarded as the pentagonal pyramidal graceful labeling.
The graph permitting labeling of such kind can be referred to as a
pentagonal pyramidal graceful graph. This study examines some unique
pentagonal pyramidal elegant graph labeling outcomes.
Ecological Effectiveness of Large-Scale ecological restoration projects across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over the past three decades
Authors: Zhao Hui , Wei Da , Wang Xiaodan , Hong Jiangtao , Wu Jianbo , Xiong Donghong , Liang Yuling , Yuan Zhengrong , Qi Yahui , Huang Lin
Published: December 2022

Abstract Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is an important ecological
security barrier in China, and alpine ecosystem presents a trend of
overall improvement under the influence of climate change and human
activities, yet there are localized deteriorations. In order to improve
the ecological function of the Tibetan Plateau, large-scale ecological
restoration projects (ERPs) have been carried out in Tibetan Plateau
over the past 30 years. From following the footstep of national
ecological constructions to the implementation of projects specific to
the plateau characteristics, the ERP of the plateau can be divided into
three stages. Major ERPs focusing on four types of projects, i.e. forest
protection and construction, grassland protection and construction,
water and soil erosion control and desertification land management, with
a total area of 850,000km across the Qinghai-Tibetan
Plateau. The positive effect at sampling quadrat scale has been widely
verified, and the responses of productivity and species diversity were
inconsistent. The positive effect at the regional scale gradually
emerges, yet the spatial difference is significant, and the
quantification of driving forces is an important prerequisite. The
positive and negative effects of existing ERP on biodiversity
conservation are revealed, for instance, there is a significant increase
of rare wild animals in natural reserves and in artificially planted
areas it failed to effectively curb the loss of animal and plant
diversity. The long-term effects of various ERPs on the biodiversity
should be taken into account so as to optimize the ecological measures
and build a sustainable management model after project restoration. By
summarizing the achievements and problems of ERP across the
Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 30 years, we proposed to set
stepwise ecological restoration and management scheme by different
restoration goals and reference modes in three stages, i.e.
“Environmental treatment—Ecological restoration projects—Adaptive
management”.
Quantifying Feedback Sensitivities of Permafrost Degradation and Carbon Release with Earth Observation Data and Feedback Neural Networks
Authors: Gay Bradley , Armstrong Amanda H. , Pastick Neal J. , Genet Hélène , Watts Jennifer D.
Published: December 2022

It is well-established that positive feedbacks between permafrost
degradation and the release of soil carbon into the atmosphere impact
land-atmosphere feedback mechanisms, disrupt the global carbon cycle,
and accelerate climate change. Permafrost dynamics are relevant to the
global community because the distribution of this frozen ground
substrate characterizes nearly 23 million square kilometers of the
northern latitudes. The widespread distribution of thawing permafrost is
causing a cascade of geophysical and biochemical disturbances with
global impact. Current earth system models do not account for permafrost
carbon feedback mechanisms; we are exploring, simulating, and
quantifying this limitation with field-scale surveys and numerical
modeling, image processing, and machine learning at scale across the
tundra and taiga ecosystems (TTE). This research seeks to identify,
interpret, and explain the causal links and feedback sensitivities
attributed to permafrost degradation and terrestrial carbon cycling
asymmetry with in situ observations, remote sensing imagery, modeling
and reanalysis products, and a hybridized multimodal deep learning
ensemble of recurrent, convolutionally-layered, memory-based networks
(GeoCryoAI). Preliminary metrics
obtained from mirroring freeze-thaw dynamics and soil carbon flux across
four subdomain in Alaska yield a root mean square error of 6.3637 and
4.7973, respectively. More specifically, this data-driven modeling
ensemble is composed of a convolutional neural network-filtered (CNN)
long short-term memory-encoded (LSTM) recurrent neural network that
integrates teacher learning from in situ observations while embedding
satellite-based measurements and time series datasets into a network of
activation functions and processing layers. These outputs are then
trained within a variational autoencoder framework (VAE) that encodes
and imputes proper decoding protocol necessary for generative
adversarial training, benchmarking, and reconstructing synthetic time
series data for gap-filling and feature learning. Ongoing work
demonstrates the fidelity of monitoring active layer thickness (ALT)
variability as a sensitive, silent-but-pronounced harbinger of change; a
unique signal for characterizing and forecasting permafrost degradation,
soil carbon flux, and other biogeochemical drivers facilitating land
cover change and earth system feedbacks. These multimodal approaches to
knowledge discovery will not only improve sensitivity analyses and
disentangle the spatial processes and causal links behind drivers of
change, but also reconcile disparate estimations and below-ground
uncertainty across the Arctic system.
Effect of leaf phenology, and tree age on leaf ecophysiology traits and adaptive strategies of Alnus nepalensis in central Himalaya
Authors: Joshi Rajendra Kumar , Mishra Ambuj , Gupta Rajman , Garkoti Satish Chandra
Published: December 2022

The leaf ecophysiological traits are expected to change with the leaf
age, and tree age. Leaf phenology and tree age (seedling, sapling, and
tree stages) was a stronger driver of changes in ecophysiological
traits. In the present study, we measured effect of leaf phenophases
(initiation stage, expansion stage, and senescence stages) and tree age
(seedling, sapling, and tree stages) on the leaf physiological and
morphological traits of nitrogen-fixing Alnus nepalensis (D.
Don), a pioneer tree species in the central Himalaya. In fully expanded
leaf and seedling stage demonstrate ecophysiological traits consistent
with an acquisitive resource-use strategy. Results revealed that net
photosynthetic capacity (A and
A), leaf stomata conductance
(gsw and gsw), transpiration
rate (E and E), specific leaf
area (SLA), pre-dawn and mid-day water potential (Ψ), leaf total
chlorophyll concentration, photosynthetic N-, and P-use efficiency (PNUE
and PPUE) were highest in seedling stage and sapling than trees.
Seedling stage and sapling had significantly higher transpiration rates
(E and E ) and stomatal
conductance (gsw and gsw),
therefore showing significantly lower water use efficiency (WUE) and
intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE). Mass-based net
photosynthetic capacity (A) were positively
correlated with PNUE, PPUE, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance,
SLA, and chlorophyll concentrations while negatively correlated with WUE
and WUE. However mass-based leaf nitrogen (N), and
phosphorus (P) concentrations were higher in fully expended leaf; they
did not vary significantly, despite N concentration negatively
correlated with SLA. Collectively, our results indicated that
seedling  A. nepalensis displayed characteristic values
associated with a more acquisitive resource-use strategy. Consequently,
this may explain their survival and replacement strategies during
secondary succession and should be considered for the vegetation
restoration model of degraded forest in the central Himalaya.
Unsupervised Clustering and Supervised Machine Learning for Lightning Classification: Application to Identifying EIPs for Ground-based TGF Detection
Authors: Pu Yunjiao , Cummer Steven A. , Lyu Fanchao , Zheng Yu , Briggs Michael S. , Lesage Stephen , Mailyan Bagrat , Roberts Oliver J
Published: December 2022

We developed a framework merging unsupervised and supervised machine
learning to classify lightning radio signals, and applied it to the
possible detection of terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs). Recent
studies have established a tight connection between energetic in-cloud
pulses (EIPs, >150 kA) and a subset of TGFs, enabling
continuous and large-scale ground-based TGF detection. However, even
with a high peak current threshold, it is time-consuming to manually
search for EIPs in a background of many non-EIP events, and it becomes
even more difficult when a lower peak-current threshold is used. Machine
learning classifiers are an effective tool. Beginning with unsupervised
learning, spectral clustering is performed on the low-dimensional
features extracted by an autoencoder from raw radio waveforms, showing
that +EIPs naturally constitute a distinct class of waveform and 67% of
the total population. The clustering results are used to form a labeled
dataset (~10,000 events) to further train supervised
convolutional neural network (CNN) that targets for +EIPs. Our CNN
models identify on average 95.2% of true +EIPs with accuracy up to
98.7%, representing a powerful tool for +EIP classification. The
pretrained CNN classifier is further applied to identify lower peak
current EIPs (LEIPs, >50 kA) from a larger dataset
(~30,000 events). Among 10 LEIPs coincident with Fermi
TGF observations, 2 previously reported TGFs and 2 unreported but
suspected TGFs are found, while the majority are not associated with
detectable TGFs. In addition, unsupervised clustering is found to
reflect characteristics of the ionosphere reflection height and its
effect on radio wave propagation.
The stochastic nature of the transport of coarse material in rain-impacted flows
Authors: Kinnell P.I.A. , Kinnell P I A
Published: December 2022

Traditionally, so-called physically based models of erosion by rain-impacted flow focus on the conservation of mass. Raindrop induced saltation and rolling produce random intermittent movement of soil particles and it seems that the traditional approach to modelling sediment transport in rain-impacted flows does not account for the effects these transport processes well. Arguably, the traditional approach needs to be replaced by one that is better able the deal with the stochastic nature of the transport of coarse material in rain-impacted flows.
Low temperature heat treatment of steel and the effect of quenching on the strength and oxidation behaviour
Authors: Araoyinbo Alaba Oladeji
Published: December 2022

Mild steel is widely used in the engineering field because of its low carbon content that is often ductile and machinable. However, mild steel despite its hardness properties when exposed to corrosion mediums easily corrodes. This study investigates the effect of mild steel quenching after different heat treatment procedures and later exposed to corrosion environment (sodium chloride solution) to observe the corrosion behaviour of the metal. The mild steel samples were cut into dimensions of 75 mm x 25 mm x 4.5 mm and heat treated at temperatures of 100 ° C, 300 ° C, and 500 ° C, and quenched in both water and oil mediums. The temperature applied to the mild steel is expected to produce a phase structure in the pearlite region, and thereby improving its properties. The quenching medium influenced the microstructure of the mild steel, the hardness values as well as the corrosion resistant capabilities of the metal. The mechanical properties were tested using ultimate testing machine and Rockwell hardness Tester. Data obtained from this research, shows that the samples heat treated, water, and oil quenched all showed improved properties. It was observed that the percentage elongation for oil quenched at 100 °C, 300 °C, and 500 °C is 18.5 %, 14.1 %, and 12.4 % which is higher than water quenched which recorded 16.7 %, 12.3 %, and 9.8 % but the reverse was the results obtained for the other mechanical properties. The optical microscopy was used to observe surface morphology when the surface is exposed to the corrosion medium. It was observed that the oil quenched samples experience the lowest weight loss when compared to water quenched samples, and the as received sample had the highest weight loss. This shows that heat treatment and quenching provides some form of protection for the mild steel samples.
Design of novel fractional order FPGA based reactor protection and safety controllers for ACP1000 nuclear power plant in LabVIEW
Authors: Malik Arshad Habib , Arshad Feroza , Memon Aftab Ahmed , Laghari Raheela
Published: December 2022

In this research work, an advanced most modern ACP1000 Nuclear Power Plant is addressed. An enhanced fractional order model of ACP1000 nuclear power plant is adopted with an addition of protection and safety systems. The whole plant model is developed by using innovative hybrid technology of Visual Basic, LabVIEW, Fractional Order and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). A reactor trip system is designed and modeled using FPGA technology in LabVIEW. Plant parameters are systematically modeled and panels are designed in LabVIEW for reactor protection controllers. Twenty one reactor trip controllers are designed and modeled based on complex digital logics using FPGA programming in LabVIEW. Two fractional order trip controllers are designed for over temperature protection and over power protection in LabVIEW. FPGA based safety controllers are designed for Engineered Safety Features (ESF) in LabVIEW. For enhanced model of ACP1000 nuclear power plant, 374 systems are modeled in modular form in Visual Basic Environment. Nine process controllers are configured in ANFIS framework in LabVIEW. In this research work, process controllers are used in conjunction with protection and safety controllers using FPGA. The parametric display of simulations is carried out in Visual Basic. The closed loop performance of proposed protection controllers is evaluated under reactor trip and turbine trip while that of safety controllers are evaluated under inadvertent opening of safety valves of pressurizer. Various parameters are simulated for severe transient conditions and the results are evaluated and validated against reference design data and Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) of ACP1000 nuclear power plant. All the results are well within the trip and safety systems design bounds under abnormal and severe operating conditions.
Network intrusion detection system using an optimized machine learning algorithm
Authors: Alabdulatif Abdulatif , Rizvi Sajjad Hussain
Published: December 2022

The rapid growth of the data-communications network for real-world commercial applications requires security and robustness. Network intrusion is one of the most prominent network attacks. Moreover, the variants of network intrusion have also been extensively reported in the literature. Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) have already been devised and proposed in the literature to handle this issue. In the recent literature, Kitsune, NIDS, and its dataset have received approx. 500 citations so far in 2019. But, still, the comprehensive parametric evaluation of this dataset using a machine learning algorithm was missing in the literature that could submit the best algorithm for network intrusion attack detection and classification in Kitsune. In this connection, two previous studies were reported to investigate the best machine algorithm (these two studies were reported by us). Through these studies, it was concluded that the Tree algorithm and its variants are best suited to detect and classify all eight types of network attacks available in the Kitsune dataset. In this study, the hyper-parameter optimization of the optimized Tree algorithm is presented for all eight types of network attack. In this study, the optimizer functions Bayesian, Grid Search, and Random Search were chosen. The performance has been ranked based on training and testing accuracy, training and testing cost, and prediction speed for each optimizer. This study will submit the best point hyper-parameter for the respective epoch against each optimizer.
Mechanical properties of concrete by replacement of fine aggregate with desert sand
Authors: Vikrant Dhanik , Saand Abdullah , Irshad Noman , Kumar Dileep
Published: December 2022

In this research study, the mechanical characteristics of concrete were investigated by substituting desert sand as fine aggregate. Desert sand obtained from Tharparkar was used in five different proportions (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100 %,). Several tests were carried out to understand the behaviour of concrete made with desert sand as a fine aggregate substitute including those for gradation, chemical composition, slump, density, water absorption, and compressive and tensile splitting tests. The grain size distribution analysis of desert sand revealed that it contains particles with a size of 0.45 mm, and the water absorption of desert sand concrete was found to be 1% higher, whereas workability fell by 6%. The compressive and tensile strength of a concrete mixture containing 75% desert sand was found to be 9.5% and 16.4% respectively higher than nominal concrete made with hill sand, and the average strength rise was on 3.5% and 2% respectively. Substitution beyond 75% was not given desirable results due to the fineness of desert sand. All the test results show that 75% substitution of desert sand as fine aggregate can be used in concrete production under designed concrete standards.
Study IR- Raman Spectra properties of Aluminium Phosphide Diamondoids Nanostructures via DFT
Authors: Fayyadh Hamid A. , Kafi Dhaidan Kh. , Darweesh Ahmad Aziz
Published: December 2022

Density Functional Theory has been utilized to investigate the electronic and structural characteristics of Aluminium phosphide (AlP). The exchange-correlation potential was calculated using the Generalized Gradient Approximation. The structural, electronic and vibrational features of AlP diamondoids and nanocrystals were investigated using Density Functional Theory at the PBE/6-31(d) level, which included polarization functions. Vibrational modes have been optimized concerning IR intensity, force constants, and lowered masses. In this study there are two components to the vibrational force constant for AlP diamondoids. The first one is distinguished by a reduced mass that is greater than 1 amu and consists primarily of Al-P vibrations that are positioned roughly between 0 and 231 cm-1. The second component has a decreased mass very near to 1 amu and is in the 1228–2400 cm–1 range. It is entirely made up of hydrogen vibrational modes. AlP diamondoids were evaluated with the results of experimental bulk in terms of molecular size-related changes in allocated vibrational frequencies.
Tuning TiO2 Porosity of Multilayered Photoanode Towards Enhanced Performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Jabbar Hashim , Abdullah Basil A. , Ahmad Noor
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we prepared Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) based dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Downscaling of commercial TiO2 powder have been achieved by systematic ball milling carried out using home-made ball milling device. Thin films were prepared and samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis and I-V. The main objective of this work is to prepare TiO2 based (DSSC) using N3 dye and study the effect of the TiO2 grain size inside the photoanode layer on the efficiency of the solar cell. UV-vis study of nanometer sized TiO2 particles showed that the energy gab has shifted towards the lower wavelength in electromagnetic spectrum (blue shift), and then optical band gap is an indirect and allowed transition. Energy gap calculations of related grain size of showed quantum confinement effect. A sophisticated strategy for TiO2 films consisting of tailoring monolayer, bilayer and trilayer of mixed multisized nanoparticles were adopted and investigated as DSSC electrodes. Our results showed that the dye sensitized solar cells can be substantially altered due to the designs and the particle size distributions of the TiO2 photoelectrode. The maximum efficiency of 0.5% was reached by TiO2 photoelectrode designed as a trilayer with a particles of wide size distribution from about 12 to 340 nm in the middle layer. The approach of light scattering in submicrometer‐sized TiO2 nanoparticles aggregates was adopted in order to interpret the enhancement of our DSSC efficiency over extending the length transported by electromagnetic wave hence to promote the light acquiring efficiency of photoelectrode thin film. The relatively larger particle sizes afford the TiO2 films with both better packing and an increased capability for scattering of the incident electromagnetic wave, and hence improves our DSSC efficiency.
Treatment Missing Data of Daily and Monthly Air Temperature in Some Iraqi cities by Using Curve Fitting
Authors: Yaseen Ali Hamid , Abdulkareem Asraa Khtan
Published: December 2022

Climate change has become fast and entered a new stage and began to affect all regions of the world. so, the climate must be analyzed and studied accurately. In order to do this, should be available a continuous database without interruptions, to improve the accuracy of forecasts. Therefore, this research aims to treat the missing temperature data for the stations (Baghdad, Hilla, Basra, Nasiriya, and Samawa) by using the curve fitting method. In the monthly treatment for the period (1980-2020), it was observed that the highest match between the real and the treatment values ​​using the Gaussian function and the sine wave function was recorded in the summer months at (100%), and the lowest match was recorded in the winter months. The daily treatment period (2010-2020) recorded the highest match at (97%) in the summer, and the lowest match was recorded in the winter months. In order for the treated values ​​to be close to the real values, it is recommended to use this method for months from April to October. In the winter months, it should be used with caution.
Pore Size Dependence of Optical Absorption Enhancement in Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide
Authors: M. Hameed Riad , Al-Haddad Ahmed , Albarazanchi Abbas K. H.
Published: December 2022

Three samples of high ordered AAO template were prepared via a two-step anodization procedure, the pore size was modified during the pore-widening process to tune the pore diameter to 50, 70, and 90 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted to gauge the pore diameter and the cell unit of the periodical hexagonal structure of the prepared AAO templates. In addition, the UV-vis spectrometer shows the variation of the absorbance spectrum for each pore size of the prepared AAO templates. To prove that the pore diameter (PD) and the intermediate layer (IL) could enhance the absorbance of the materials, a Lumerical FDTD solution was used by involving the exact experimental conditions of the AAO template. The resulting data show that a specific pore diameter with a specific intermediate layer can improve the absorbance spectrum of the materials. Thus, the results could serve the applications related to solar energy conversion (antireflective and photocatalyst) and photonics.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Acının Dönüştürücü Gücü ile Öz-Aşkınlık Arasındaki İlişkinin Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli ile İncelenmesi
Authors: Karabacak-Çelik Aynur , Aşantuğrul Nuray
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, beliren yetişkinlik döneminde bulunan üniversite öğrencilerinin acının dönüştürücü gücüne ilişkin inançları ile öz-aşkınlıkları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi’nin çeşitli bölümlerinde öğrenim görmekte olan ve uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 252 lisans öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalamalarının 21 ve standart sapması 2.53’tür. Bu katılımcıların cinsiyete göre dağılımları ise 181’i (%71.8) kadın ve 71’i (%28.2) erkektir. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Acının Dönüştürücü Gücü Ölçeği ile Öz-Aşkınlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, acının dönüştürücü gücü ve öz-aşkınlık arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyon analizi ve örtük değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda acının dönüştürücü gücü toplam puanı ile öz aşkınlık ölçeğinin kişilerarası alt boyutu (r=.354, p<.01) ile kendine ait (iç ruh hâli) alt boyutu (r=.329, p<.01) arasında orta düzeyde ve pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca acının dönüştürücü gücü ile öz aşkınlık arasındaki standardize edilmiş regresyon katsayısının .47 olduğu ve acının dönüştürücü gücünün öz aşkınlıktaki varyansın %22’sini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, acının dönüştürücü gücü ile öz aşkınlık arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu ve acının dönüştürücü gücünün öz aşkınlığın anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular ilgili alanyazın doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir.
Hubungan Kemampuan Fungsi Motorik Anak Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Anak Usia 2 Tahun
Authors: Naufal Adnan Faris , Ardiani Savilla Dara
Published: December 2022

Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk Mengetahui hubungan kemampuan fungsi motorik anak terhadap kemampuan komunikasi anak usia 2 tahun.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan studi korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Jumlah subjek dari penelitian ini 40 anak di rentang usia 18-35 bulan.Hasil Utama: analisis data menggunakan uji normalitas dengan metode kolmogorof smirnov, didapatkan hasil 0,000 yang berarti data terdistribusi tidak normal. Uji hubungan antara variabel X dan Y menggunakan Uji korelasi spearman rho, didapatkan hasil korelasi 0,914, yang berarti korelasi yang sangat kuat antara kemampuan fungsi motorik anak terhadap kemampuan  komunikasi pada anak usia 2 tahun.Simpulan Utama: Ada Hubungan Kemampuan Fungsi Motorik Anak Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Anak Usia 2 Tahun
EFEKTIFITAS INTERVENSI BERBASIS WEB UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIFITAS FISIK PADA ORANG DENGAN LANJUT USIA: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Cahyaningrum Hapsari , Perdana Suryo Saputra , Fazrina Gina
Published: December 2022

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: peningkatan populasi orang dengan lanjut usia secara global dan tren usia harapan hidup menjadikan pembahasan mengenai aktivitas fisik menjadi suatu hal mendesak, mengingat perannya dalam mencegah berbagai penyakit tidak menular dan meningkatkan life expectancy. Intervensi berbasis web dipercaya sebagai intervensi yang dapat merubah kebiasaan terkait aktivitas fisik pada orang dengan lanjut usia. Outcome berupa perubahan perilaku digambarkan melalui banyaknya durasi melakukan aktivitas fisik setelah intervensi menjadi goal setting dalam kebanyakan web-based intervention. Artikel ini dibuat untuk mengetahui efikasi intervensi berbasis web dapat meningkatkan aktifitas fisik pada orang dengan lanjut usia.Metode: proses pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui journal database, berupa: Google Scholar, PubMed, dan ResearchGate. Kata kunci untuk mencari artikel yaitu: "Aged"[Mesh] OR "older adult" OR "elderly" AND "Exercise"[Mesh] OR "exercises" OR "physical activity" OR "physical activities" OR "physical exercise" OR "physical exercises" OR "physical fitness" AND "Internet-Based Intervention"[Mesh] OR "internet-based interventions" OR "web-based intervention" OR "web-based interventions" OR "online intervention" OR "online interventions" OR "internet intervention" OR "internet interventions” OR "mobile health" OR "mhealth" OR "telehealth" OR "ehealth" AND "randomized control trial" OR "randomized control trials" OR "RCT". Kriteria inklusi yang diterapkan berupa artikel dengan design studi randomized control trial (RCT), artikel dengan subjek penelitian orang dengan lanjut usia 50 tahun ke atas, dan intevensi yang digunakan adalah web-based intervention.Hasil: ditemukan total 11 artikel yang berasal dari Netherland, Australia, US, Spain, England, Belgium, dan Sweden.  Kesimpulan: intervensi berbasis web efektif untuk meningkatkan aktifitas fisik pada orang dengan lanjut usia yang berusia lebih dari sama dengan 50 tahun. Kata kunci: web-based intervention, physical activity, older people, literature review.
Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Modul Berbasis Hots pada Materi Biologi Kelas XI Semester Genap SMA/MA di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Dini Dwi Rahayu
Published: December 2022

Integrasi keterampilan abad ke-21 pada proses pembelajaran menjadi salah satu langkah pemerintah untuk mendorong kemampuan peserta didik pengembangan terkait teknologi yang semakin pesat serta sebagai salah satu penerapan dalam masyarakat. penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan kebutuhan pengembangan modul berbasis HOTS, dengan harapan bahwa bahan ajar mampu mengaktifkan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran, pengembangan konsep, berpikir kritis, dan memecahkan masalah yang secara tidak langsung mengarah pada tingkat kognitif tertinggi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan instrumen angket analisis kebutuhan modul. Hasil analisis dokumen yang didapatkan penggunaan dimensi kognitif LOST dan HOTS masih tidak seimbang,
Inventarisasi Kupu-Kupu (Rhopalocera) pada Kawasan Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Air Dingin, Balai Gadang, Kota Padang
Authors: Muhelni Leila
Published: December 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian kupu-kupu di Sumatra Barat masih belum banyak dilakukan. Khususnya pada kawasan Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Air Dingin yang berfungsi sebagai tempat timbulan sampah 400-450 ton/hari. Sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui jenis kupu-kupu apa saja yang ada di kawasan ini mengingat semakin luasnya area TPA yang akan merubah lingkungan disekitarnya menjadi tempat timbulan sampah. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survey dengan jala serangga (insect net). Pengoleksian kupu-kupu dilakukan 2 periode (2x6=12 hari) pada bulan April-Juni 2019 pada saat cuaca cerah dari pukul 09.00 – 12.00 WIB. Semua kupu-kupu dikoleksi dengan jarak ± 5 m dari kolektor. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 5 famili, 14 genera, 22 spesies dan 218 individu.

 

Kata Kunci: Kupu-Kupu (Rhopalocera), Lepidoptera, TPA Air Dingin

 

 

Abstract

Butterflies research in West Sumatra is still not much done. Especially in the Final Disposal Site (FDS) in Air Dingin area which functions as a place for waste generation of 400-450 tonnes/day. So this research needs to be done to find out what types of butterflies exist in this area considering that the increasingly large landfill area will change the surrounding environment into a place for waste generation. The research was conducted using a survey method with insect nets. Butterfly collection was carried out in 2 periods (2x6=12 days) in April-June 2019 when the weather was sunny from 09.00 – 12.00 of Western Indonesian Time. All butterflies were collected within ± 5 m from the collector. The results obtained 5 families, 14 genera, 22 species and 218 individuals.

 

Keywords: Butterfly (Rhopalocera), Lepidoptera, TPA Air Dingin