bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The profile of Carassius auratus growth and hepatosomatic index in different salinity
Authors: Ningsih L , Sulmartiwi L , Lutfiyah L
Published: February 2020

Carassius fish culture is usually carried out in freshwater with 0 ppt salinity, but the maintenance of 0 ppt salinity is less comprehensive in distributing fish culture itself. Therefore maintenance of fish with raised salinity is one of the solutions for cultivators so that fish farming can optimally be distributed. This study aims to determine the growth and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of Carassius auratus that are maintained at different salinity for 30 days. This experimental study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, namely P0 (0 ppt), P1 (4 ppt), P2 (8 ppt), and P3 (12 ppt) with five replications. The parameters of this study were fish growth, hepatosomatic index (HSI), and survival rate (SR). The results showed that the salinity of 12 ppt gave a low growth value and the highest HSI value. The survival rate that is generated at all events is 100%.
Haematological parameters of Catfish (Clarias sp.) fed by immunostimulant added with Cr+3 - Yeast (Saccaromices cerevisiae) and Garlic
Authors: Indriani F , Puspitasari I , Setyastuti T A , Santika A
Published: February 2020

A study on the effect of immunostimulant feed with additional Cr3+-Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Garlic on Haematological Parameters of Catfish (Clarias sp.) has been conducted. There were two types of immunostimulant, a commercial feed combined with Cr3+-Yeast and a feed in combination of commercial feed, Cr3+-yeast, and garlic. A 180 Catfish with an average of 8.79 g in weight and 11 cm in length were used in the study. Haematological parameters measured were haematocrit level, total leucocyte, phagocytic index, and leucocyte differential. Haematological parameters were observed at day 0, 7, 14 after immunostimulant application, and also one and 5th days after challenge test. Catfish fed with immunostimulant Cr3+-Yeast and garlic combination show higher but not significantly different (P>0.05) haematocrit level (20.5%) than those fed with Cr3+-Yeast added immunostimulant (20%). A significantly higher (P<0.05) total leucocyte on immunostimulant added with Cr3+-Yeast and Garlic (58.850 sel/mm3) than Cr3+-Yeast (41.075 sel/mm3) and only feed (23.650 sel/mm3). Phagocytic index were observed significantly higher (P<0.05) on Cr3+-Yeast-Garlic (22%) than Cr3+-Yeast (13%). Leucocyte differential were observed lower in monocyte (4%), higher in neutrophil (23%) and highest in lymphocyte (73%) on Cr3+-Yeast-Garlic combination compared to Cr3+-Yeast combination (14% monocyte, 70.5% lymphocyte and 15.5% neutrophil).
Marine litter distribution in Ampana Beach Tojo Una-Una Regency Central Sulawesi Province
Authors: Sulistiawati D , Mansyur K , Putra A E , Safir M , Tahya A M , Ya’la Z R
Published: February 2020

Ampana City, Tojo Una-Una Regency has the potential of marine tourism and the area also faces a serious threat from the litter that can affect aesthetic value, reduce the quality of waters, intervention to normal systems in the environment. Sampling to the beach in general representative locations in Malotong Beach (area of 100 x 25 m2), and Bailo Beach (100 x 10 m2). The sampling units in the transect plots are 5 plots covering 25 m2 (plot size 1 x 1 m2) randomly determined. The next procedures are the collection and classification of litter. The composition and density of the type of litter are distinguished for meso (0.5cm-2.5cm) and macro (> 2.5cm) litter. The results showed that the type and abundance of the litter that generally comes from recreational activities of beach visitors and household litter. In general, meso and macro litter were found in Malotong Beach as many as 25 types, and in Bailo Beach as many as 35 types. The presence of litter on the coast and the sea threatens life on the Coast of Ampana City. Today’s public awareness is needed to change habits and give more respect to their environment.
Utility of almond leaf (Terminalia cattapa) for improving growth and color quality of neon tetra fish (Paracheirodon innesi)
Authors: Ardi I , Zamroni M , Setiadi E
Published: February 2020

Ornamental fish farming is easy to stress, which results in fading colors and patterns of the body. The effort to maintain the color and pattern of the fish’s body are using Almond leaf. This study aims to obtain the optimum concentration of Almond leaf in the maintenance of neon tetra fish, which is expected to improve the color quality and growth of fish. Neon tetra fish seeds measuring 1 - 2 cm were maintained in an aquarium sizing 25 cm x 40 cm x 28 cm with a stocking density of 4 tails liter−1. The completely randomized design (CRD) was applied with four treatments and three replications. The different of Almond concentrations as a treatment i.e. 0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, and 750 ppm. Parameters measured such as survival (SR), growth (absolute length and weight), color quality (lightness, chroma, hue a, and b) and glucose levels. Water quality measured such as DO, temperature, pH, conductivity, TDS, ammonia and nitrite. The results showed that Almond leaf affected the growth of absolute length and absolute weight. Almond leaf with a concentration of 500 ppm could improve color quality, especially for green-red colors.
Oxidative stress parameters in landrace pigs slaughtered by the stunning method
Authors: Purnama M T E , Prayoga S F , Triana N M , Dewi W K , Purnomoaji B S , Wardhana D K , Fikri F
Published: February 2020

This study aimed to measure oxidative stress parameters during pig slaughter preparation. This study used 60 landrace pigs that were taken the serum and saliva samples under conditions before stunned (T1), after stunned (T2) and after slaughtered (T3). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were also evaluated. The serum was taken through the jugular vein with vacutainer. Saliva was taken with a salivate tube. Serum and saliva were tested using the Cortisol ELISA immunoassay method. The level of SOD, MDA and GPx were analyzed through serum concentration. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in T2 and increased significantly (p<0.05) in T3. The SOD levels showed the opposite results with MDA and GPx. The SOD levels decrease after stunning and increase after slaughter, vice versa. It can be concluded that there were significant differences in serum and salivary cortisol of pigs taken before stunned, after stunned and after slaughtered. The level of SOD, MDA and GPx could be a reference for oxidative stress parameters during handling and restraint in pig slaughter.
The effectiveness of activated carbon as adsorbent in the oil purification process fish by-product of the fish canning industry
Authors: Nadia A , Subekti S , Manan A , Wahyudin P
Published: February 2020

Fish oil waste from the canning of low quality but can be recovered through purification processes correctly. Bleaching is a process to improve the color of the oil. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the use activated carbon to the effective characteristics and concentration on the fish oil purification byproduct of fish canning industry. This research method used is an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments with four replications. The concentrations used in this study is the treatment A (0 %), treatment B (2 %), treatment C (4 %), treatment D (6 %) and treatment E (8 %). The results showed that the addition of activated carbon adsorbent in the process of bleaching fish oil showed a highly significant (p <0.01) on levels of free fatty acids and significantly different (p <0.05) on the peroxide value. The highest level of free fatty acids is the treatment A (5.53%). The lowest level of free fatty acids is the treatment of B (1.68%). The highest value is peroxide of treatment E (110.35 meq / kg). The lowest level value is peroxide of treatment A (58.38 meq / kg).
Effect of Mengkudu’s (Morinda citrifolia) distillation with differential fruit ripeness to control Argulus on Carassius auratus auratus.
Authors: Asiseh I , Kismiyati  , Mahasri G
Published: February 2020

One parasite known to infect is Argulus. Noni (Morinda citrifolia) is one of the traditional medicinal plants that can be used as an alternative to control parasitic infections. Noni fruit has four levels of ripeness; each of them contains a different antiparasitic. This research aims to determine whether the noni fruit ripeness level differences provide different effects on the control of Argulus on Carassius auratus auratus. This research is experimental, using Completely Randomized Design. The data obtained in this research were analyzed using statistical test ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to determine whether there are differences among the treatments, and then followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The result showed value F count < F Table 0,01 and 0,05 which means there is no significant difference in treatment of giving noni juice with different ripeness levels. While Duncan’s multiple range test showed that there is a significant difference between P0 (control treatment) and P3 (treatment using noni fruit ripeness level C). This means that noni juice has an impact on the release of Argulus on Carassius auratus auratus and the most effective treatment is by giving noni juice in the ripeness level C
Correlation between Wall Motion Score Index (WMSI) and Anatomical M-mode (AAM) Systolic Thickening with Functional Capacity in Heart Failure among Post-myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Rahimah AF , Pikir BS , Imatsu O
Published: February 2020

Exercise capacity among cardiac patients is not sufficiently predicted using left ventricular ejection fraction resting measurement. The echocardiographic measurement using Wall Motion Score Index (WMSI) and Anatomical M-mode (AAM) Systolic Thickening post-myocardial infarction was studied to determine its correlation with functional capacity. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 33 consecutive post-MI patients. The inclusion criteria included heart failure patients with NYHA class I-II visiting the cardiology outpatient clinic of Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. A resting echocardiogram, measuring WSMI and AMM systolic thickening of basal and mid-LV segments, was taken. The patients underwent a treadmill stress test using the Naughton protocol on the same day of their echocardiography examination. Samples were then analyzed using SPSS 2.0. Study subjects were 69.7% males with age 58.45±6.2 years old and BMI 24.07±3.2 kg/m2. The proportion of hypertension was 60.6%, smoking 51.5%, diabetes mellitus 42.4%, and dyslipidemia 42.4%. WMSI was 1.68±0.45, mean AMM systolic thickening 39±13%, and exercise capacity 3.69±1.8 METs. There was a moderate negative correlation of WMSI and a moderate positive correlation of AMM systolic thickening with functional capacity (r = –0.466, r = 0.415 consecutively; p<0.05). WMSI and AMM systolic thickening were correlated with functional capacity in post-MI patients with heart failure.
The Challenges of Managing Deep Vein Thrombosis in the Elderly: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mulia E P B , Firdausi H
Published: February 2020

Elderly people have a higher risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) than younger adults. The causes of this are considered multifactorial, including changes in age-related hemostatic factors, greater comorbid conditions, and the frequency of hospitalizations, although they are not fully understood. Besides, DVT in the elderly can be difficult to recognize because the symptoms can appear atypically. The diagnostic approach of DVT remains the same for all age groups, including pre-test probability, D-dimer measurement, and imaging, although these can be less specific in older age. Antithrombotic agents are the main treatment of DVT. Direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) provides clinicians with more choices for DVT therapy. However, the anticoagulation of DVT in the elderly must always be done carefully, because old age is also a risk factor for the occurrence of bleeding complications. Identifying bleeding risk factors that can be modified and balancing the risk of thrombosis with bleeding, including the selection and adjustment of anticoagulant doses, are important in considerations of using anticoagulants in the elderly. This narrative review summarizes the literature on the management of DVT in the elderly
The Clinical Benefit of D-ribose in Cardiovascular Ischemic Disease: A New Potential Energy Supplement
Authors: Damanik I , Soemantri D
Published: February 2020

Cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is the most common type of cardiovascular disease and can be caused by various factors, such as genetics and lifestyle. Cells need energy to maintain their integrity and function. Energy that is often used is adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Atherosclerosis can cause myocardial ischemia and induced reduction of ATP levels, so that that not only affects cellular energy, but also alters the normal function. D-ribose is a pentose carbohydrate that has been shown to increase cellular energy levels and improve function after ischemia in pre-clinical studies. It has shown potential benefits in clinical evaluation. This article aims to explain the role of D-ribose in increasing energy levels and myocardial function in ischemic cardiovascular disease.
Correlation between Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS)-Left Ventricle and TEI Index (TI) with Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM) Score in Chronic Heart Failure Patients with Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Kartikasari I , Lefi A , Soemantri D , Juwita R R
Published: February 2020

Assessment of left ventricular function in patients with chronic heart failure is important for determining prognosis and treatment plans. The prognostic values of the myocardium and global ventricular functions remain unclear. This cross-sectional study included 30 subjects obtained through purposive sampling. Global longitudinal strains (GLS) is used to assess the left ventricular systolic function and Tei index (TI) is used to assess both global systolic and diastolic ventricular function. SHFM scoring was calculated based on existing patient data. The mean GLS-left ventricle value was -8.08 ± 3.98, whereas TI value was 0.65 ± 0.14. GLS-left ventricle had significant negative correlation with estimated one and five years mortality based on SHFM score (r = - 0.676 and p = 0.0001) whereas TI had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.745 and p = 0.0001; r = 0.738 and p = 0.0001). GLS-left ventricle had a significant negative correlation with an estimated one and five years mortality based on SHFM score, whereas TI had a significant positive correlation. Hence it is suggested that GLS-left ventricle and TI can be a prognostic factor.
Atria Score for Antithrombotic Agent Utilization in Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Dewi I P , Dewi K P , Pinzon R T
Published: February 2020

Antithrombotic therapy is recommended in atrial fibrillation (AF) management due to high risk of stroke. The assessment of stroke risk, as well as risk of bleeding, can help clinicians to make optimal management decisions. This study aimed to assess the stroke and bleeding risk using the ATRIA score and to compare the drug utilization pattern of antithrombotic therapy in post-ischemic stroke patients with AF comorbidity. This study is a single-center, retrospective observational study. From June 2009 to April 2019, we enrolled 165 post-ischemic stroke patients with AF comorbidity (mean age 68.24years; 47.3% female). One hundred nineteen patients were first stroke patients and 46 were recurrent stroke patients. Antiplatelets were predominantly prescribed (n=106, 64.2%). Out of 106 patients prescribed with antiplatelets, 39 (23,6%) patients had high a ATRIA Stroke Risk score, while as per ATRIA Bleeding Risk score, 66 (40%) patients had a low score. Conversely, an anticoagulant was rarely prescribed. A total of only 59 (35.7%) patients were prescribed with an anticoagulant, as single or combination. Out of 59 patients, an anticoagulant was commonly prescribed in high ATRIA Stroke Risk score patients (n=40, 24,3%). While as per ATRIA Bleeding Stroke score, an anticoagulant was commonly prescribed among low bleeding risk patients (n=47, 28.5%).
Plasma Histamine Level as a Distinguishing Factor between Stable Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Prihatiningsih I S , Putranto J N E , Soemantri D , Hadi A S
Published: February 2020

Background: Angina can be caused by atherosclerosis in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) patients either in Stable Coronary Artery Disease (SCAD) or Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Histamine as a mast cell-preformed mediator is suspected to play a role in atherosclerosis. However, its mechanism is yet to be established and there is a lack of these data in the CAD population. To confirm the distinctness of plasma histamine level in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients, this research was an observational analytic study with transversal design in 49 CAD patients by purposive sampling which consists of 25 ACS patients (72% men, mean age 55,6±9,66 years) and 24 SCAD patients (83,3% men, mean age 52,71±8,03 years). The level of plasma histamine was measured using a Histamine ELISA-Kit. Median values of plasma histamine level in ACS group and SCAD group were 30,79 ng/ml (5,85-36,09 ng/ml) and 26,42 ng/ml (0,30-41,39 ng/ml). Comparison analysis on the median value of plasma histamine level between two groups was done with Mann-Whitney U Test and showed a statistical difference between two groups (p=0,011). There are significant differences in plasma histamine level between Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stable Coronary Artery Disease Patients.
The Correlation between p53 Serum Levels and Vascular Age was Measured by Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) in Patients with Moderate Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Tengor J R S , Soemantri D , Putranto J N E , Putra B F K
Published: February 2020

Protein p53 has an important role in atherosclerosis plaque as part of senescence cell vascular. Increased vascular aging process is characterized by several parameters, one of which is an increase in carotid intima media thickness (CIMT). CIMT is one of the non-invasive methods that can determine vascular age, which is a safe, fast and inexpensive method of assessing atherosclerosis. This study was a correlational study conducted at cardiovascular outpatient clinic from August until November 2015. Serum p53 levels were measured by human p53 ELISA kit. CIMT is measured by B-mode ultrasound. The CIMT value was based on the normogram of the Atheosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Spearman rank test was used to analyze the relationship between serum p53 and vascular age. There were 19 men and 19 women in the subject of this study. The average vascular age is 54.34 + 8.5 years. Serum p53 levels were positively correlated with vascular age in the subject group of this study (p <0.001; r = 0.58). There is a positive, strong and significant correlation between serum p53 and vascular age levels determined by CIMT in patients with moderate cardiovascular risk factors.
Correlation between Arterial Stiffness with Left Ventricular Mass Index and Diastolic Function in Patients with Stage 3 and 4 of Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Pramushinta L , Pikir B S , Pranawa  , Wardhani D E
Published: February 2020

Arterial stiffness (AS) is an independent predictive value of cardiovascular diseases. Patients that have chronic kidney disease have high mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular events. Increased AS is believed show cardiovascular damage. Therefore, this study was held to assess correlation of arterial stiffness to left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and diastolic function in stage 3 to 4 of non-diabetic CKD patients. This is a study using cross-sectional approach to 40 outpatients with stage 3 and 4 of CKD in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Carotid ultrasound and β stiffness index formula was utilized to study carotid arterial stiffness (CAS) while echocardiography was used to assess diastolic function and LVMI. Patients that had severe heart valve disease, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congenital heart disease, history of diabetes mellitus, history of active smoking and cerebrovascular disease were not included in this study. There is significant relation between CAS with E/E’ (r=0.517, p=0.001) and LVMI (r=0.396, p=0.011), also between SBP with LVMI (r=0.491, p=0.001). SBP has more significant role for LVMI (p<0.001) than CAS. Arterial stiffness had significant positive relation with E/E’ and LVMI in patient with stage 3 and 4 of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease.
Early and Late Initiation Time of Statin Administration Effects on Early and Long-Term Outcome in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: A Literature Review
Authors: A’yun M Q
Published: February 2020

Early treatment in acute coronary syndrome plays as key role in short-term and long-term outcome. Some studies showed that statin treatment may improve long-term outcomes in post-ACS patients as secondary prevention. The most effective time to give statin in ACS patients is not well-known. The aim of this study is to review previous studies as to when is the best time to initiate statin therapy to reach the best long-term outcome in patients with ACS. PubMed and Medline database were searched with keywords in search engine. The inclusion criteria were: 1) trials that compared one of the statin drugs to placebo or standard care; 2) follow up at least 30 days; 3) publication between 2000-2018. Total of six studies was collected in this review. Many studies showed that early treatment with statin in patients with ACS in admission is associated with reduced one-year mortality. Moreover, early statin therapy reduced one-year major adverse cardiac effect. Statin therapy should be administered early during hospitalization for ACS on the basic data that early therapy with statin is proven reduced one-year mortality and MACE. Further investigation still needs to specify when is the most effective time to give statin in patient with ACS.
Predictors of Arteriovenous Fistula Early Failure in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: Real-World Data in Surabaya
Authors: Amadis M R , Putranto J N E , Maghfirah I , Mardiana N
Published: February 2020

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the vascular access of choice in prevalent hemodialysis end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. However, there was a significant proportion of early AVF failure and its predictive factor was conflicting in several studies. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 225 AVFs created in 159 patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the predictive factors of AVF early failure. The data variables included age at AVF creation, sex, history of diabetes, hypertension, cigarette smoking, AVF location and side, history of subclavian tunneled dialysis catheter and history of preoperative ultrasound mapping. This information was collected by interviewing the patient and by AVF scar inspection. AVF that was never coming into use was classified as an early failure. AVF creation in the wrist was significantly associated with a higher early failure rate (29.9%) compared with AVF creation at the elbow (4.4%) (p < 0.001). There was no significant association in terms of AVF early failure in terms of the other variables. We concluded that wrist AVF is significantly associated with early failure. However, this finding should not preclude the National Kidney Foundation’s recommendation of using wrist AVF for the first choice of vascular access to conserve more proximal access sites for future use.
The potential of application of Ni-layer for enhancement of utility properties of freight wagons
Authors: Andrsova Z , Kejzlar P , Bakalova T , Petru M , Podzimek P
Published: February 2020

The construction of 4-axled freight wagons used for transportation of bulk materials is limited with respect of minimal angle allowing emptying the bulk cargo and limited lifetime caused by abrasion caused by intensive wear between the wagon wall and transported cargo. A potential of application of protective chemically-deposited Ni-layer was evaluated based on tribological testing.
Intermetallics formation during hot dip galvanizing of high carbon steel
Authors: Gogola Peter , Gabalcová Zuzana , Suchánek Henrich , Kusý Martin
Published: February 2020

From the moment of immersion, the reaction between molten zinc and solid steel starts forming intermetallic phases. This diffusion-controlled process is largely responsible for the final phase composition of zinc coatings. Several literature sources describe this phenomenon for interstitial free steels, but high-carbon steels are rarely being used as substrates. Therefore, in this work high-carbon steel substrates were used. Multiple samples were created by hot-dipping at various immersion temperatures ranging from 450 to 490 °C and times from 24 to 60 s to investigate mainly the morphology of the obtained intermetallic phase layers. Investigation was carried out mainly by SEM on 20 condition, where several hundred sites were investigated in total to achieve statistically relevant information. It was found that while increasing the immersion time influences mainly the thickness of individual intermetallic phase layers, the temperature influenced mainly their morphology. It was also observed that these results are significantly different compared to ones found in literature for interstitial free steels.
Influence of higher partitioning temperatures on mechanical properties of heat treated high-strength steel alloyed with 1.3 % chromium
Authors: Janda Tomáš , Burdová Karolína , Peković Michal , Stehlík Adam
Published: February 2020

This paper deals with the innovative Quenching and partitioning (QP) heat treatment of low-alloyed chromium steel, and is especially focused on the higher temperatures of partitioning as well as longer holding times and its influence on mechanical properties of the material. As part of the experiment various heat treatment, metallographic analysis, hardness measurement, X-ray diffraction phase analysis (to determine retained austenite content), tensile test and Charpy impact test were performed. In QP treated specimens the best combination of tensile strength and elongation was observed after quenching in 200 °C salt bath and partitioning at 250 °C for 30 minutes. This specimen showed the tensile strength above 1900 MPa, elongation of 14 % and also good impact toughness (34 J). Equally good values of impact toughness (36 J) were also observed in the specimens partitioned at 300 °C or 320 °C for holding times up to 30 minutes. On the other side longer partitioning times at the temperature of 320 °C affected the elongation and impact toughness negatively.
Combination of press-hardening and isothermal holding in the treatment of high-strength steels
Authors: Jirková Hana , Opatová Kateřina , Jeníček Štěpán , Kučerová Ludmila
Published: February 2020

Today, high-strength parts for the automotive industry are mainly produced by the press-hardening technology. In order to reduce costs, savings in production and optimal materials are sought. One option involves the use of high strength steels of various chemical compositions. Two high strength steels were studied in the present experiment. The first one was CMnSi steel, a typical low-alloy TRIP steel with a carbon content of 0.2 %; alloyed with manganese and silicon. The second one was 42SiCr steel, a member of the group of martensitic steels, with a carbon content of 0.42 %. In addition to manganese and silicon, this steel is also alloyed with chromium. The CMnSi steel has not proved to be very sensitive to changes in process parameters, achieving an ultimate tensile strength of more than 950 MPa and an elongation of over 10%. 42SiCr steel was found to respond to both heating temperature and deformation, showing different mechanical properties. With the right combination of process parameters, an ultimate tensile strength of over 2100 MPa was achieved.
Effect of soaking temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of heat-treated Al-Si-Nb TRIP steel
Authors: Kučerová L , Burdová K , Stehlík A
Published: February 2020

Two-step heat treatment with bainitic hold at 425 °C was applied to low alloyed high strength steel with partial substitution of silicon by aluminium. The steel was further micro-alloyed by niobium. Various soaking temperatures in the range of 750-1250 °C were used to analyse the effect of soaking on mechanical properties and microstructure of the steel. According to calculations in JMatPro, the temperatures below 900 °C should lie in an intercritical (tow phase) region, while the temperature of 900 °C should be the first one to ensure full austenitization of this steel. To dissolve different portion of niobium into solid solution, higher soaking temperatures were also used. Tensile strengths of 780-1069 MPa and total elongation of 22-46 % were achieved.
Influence of temperature and speed of the laser head on the final structure surface hardened steel ČSN 12050 (EN 10083-2 steel 1.1191)
Authors: Peukert P. , Švec M.
Published: February 2020

Laser technologies are listed as unconventional methods of machining and heat treatment, which allows many advantages. In the area of heat treatment the laser technology allows a wide range of surface hardening. It provides a very fast and effective approach where the region of influence of the material is quite narrow. The method is also possible for hardening parts and materials which were not possible to process with the conventional processes. To get the required depth and quality of the hardened layer it is necessary to set up properly the laser process parameters (temperature in the process area, feed rate of the laser head, etc.), which varies for different materials. The paper presents a test for optimal process parameters for surface hardening of the material ČSN 12050 (EN 10083-2 steel 1.1191). The surface structure for temperatures of 900, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C and laser head feed rates of 0.18, 0.3 and 0.42 m/min were tested. Best results were obtained for a temperature of 1300°C and a feed rates of 0.18 m/min.
Rolling of ingots of third-generation high-strength steels into sheets
Authors: Vrtáček Jiří , Jirková Hana , Peković Michal , Tříska Ladislav
Published: February 2020

One of the essential branches of today’s engineering production involves the production of sheet stock by rolling. In the automotive industry is used the majority of steel sheet stock. In recent decades, this sector has been striving to reduce vehicle emissions. One of the available solutions involves the use of advanced high-strength steels whose chemical composition and strengthening mechanisms make it possible to build the car body with thinner sheet blanks than before. For rolling trials in which ingots were converted into 1.8 mm sheet by combined hot and cold rolling were used two advanced high-strength steels containing 0.2 wt. % carbon and additions of manganese, silicon and different levels of aluminium. This procedure was found to produce strengths in excess of 1000 MPa combined elongation of more than 15 %.
Energy Production from Mechanical Stress, Thermal and Wind Power
Authors: Maurya Rishabh , Kumar Maduri Praveen , Singh Kushagra , Soni Apurva
Published: February 2020

The two main factors for living, water and non-renewable energy are being over used these days which will ultimately lead to contamination and depletion of natural resources. Ground water is getting contaminated due to pollution while fossil fuels are being used in excess for generation of electricity. To overcome these issues author proposes a system which not only uses available natural resources to generate electricity but also helps in conserving rain water. A compact design is proposed which utilizes solar and wind energy along with rain water harvesting. System is designed in such a way that the energy produced does not depend on the ratio of availability of resources thus conserving the two main factors for living water and energy.
Ranking of Barriers to Green Manufacturing Implementation in SMEs Using Best-Worst Method
Authors: Kushwaha Dilip , Talib Faisal
Published: February 2020

Nature has provided us with limited resources on the earth, but the requirement is unlimited, one is fulfilled another will crop up. Modern manufacturing scenario and rough consumption of natural resources create huge challenges in front of human beings in the form of environmental degradation and wastage of material. The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers to green manufacturing (GM) from selected Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Delhi and NCR region and rank them as per their priority. An extensive literature review together with expert’s opinion was done to identify the GM barriers. A newly developed approach known as Best-Worst method (BWM) was adopted for the ranking of identified GM barriers. This study identifies 21 barriers to GM implementation which are arranged into 5 main barriers for well understanding. Further, the findings of this study show that, “Lack of new technology facilities and processes”, “Lack of experts related to new technology”, “Lack of expertise training programs”, “High initial capital cost to implement GM” and “Weak Legislation” are top-five barriers that lead to difficulties in GM implementation in SMEs while least important observed barrier is “Not enough and understandable information”. Therefore this study provides knowledge about the green manufacturing barriers and their ranking most severe to less severe that is most important to less important and this study also provides a systematic way to sort out the barriers in GM implementation according to their priority. In the end, the study provides conclusions and some implication of the study as well as the scope for future research.
Design and analysis of double wishbone suspension system
Authors: Upadhyay Pranav , Deep Mrinal , Dwivedi Aryan , Agarwal Ashutosh , Bansal Pikesh , Sharma Pradeep
Published: February 2020

Suspension system serves purpose of providing stability to vehicle which results improving comfortability of riding. It provides traction control and steering stability. This paper proposes a method for designing double wishbone suspension system for electric solar vehicle with damper to lower wishbone. Recent trends in suspension system have focused on improving innovations in ride quality and handling of vehicles. It maintains a viable spectrum of economic growth by reducing costs and increasing efficiency simultaneously. Theoretical analysis is conducted using Lotus and Solid works to design double wishbone suspension system. The analysis is done for tadpole geometry car with double wishbone in front and swing arm in the rear wheels. Results in the paper are going to improve vehicle handling characteristics by controlling camber, toe angles and A-arm’s length. This is accomplished by changing the length of A-arm and the ground clearance and attach angle with the chassis by hit and trial method and improving possible traction and maneuverability. Results of the paper are presented in form of graph as a result of simulation conducted.
Optimization of chassis for a solar powered vehicle
Authors: Upadhyay Pranav , Kumar Sharma Sachin , Kumar Gautam , Bansal Pikesh , Sharma Pradeep
Published: February 2020

This study aims at designing and analysis of roll cage for an electric solar vehicle fabricated for Imperial Society for Innovative Engineers ESVC (Electric Solar Vehicle Competition) 2019. The vehicle will be powered by electric motor and charging will be done by solar panels which makes the design eco-friendly. This study focuses on the development of an optimized roll cage structure which will include the compactness of frame design, light weight and driver’s safety considering all the design ergonomics and the driver’s safety measures. Optimization is based on reducing weight, strength considerations and ergonomics consideration. Variation of materials, pipe diameters and 3-D structure is implemented during analysis. Analysis of roll cage is conducted using SolidWorks and loading conditions are taken as per standards. Three-wheel tadpole configuration is used for analysis purpose. Results are presented in form of graphs and SolidWorks analysis outputs.
Response of adhesively bonded single lap joint doped with MWCNT and Fullerene C60 in the adhesive to the tensile strength of the joints
Authors: Amit Kumar R , Asokan R , Priya Jhanji Kanu , Sarkar Sahil , Das Debajit
Published: February 2020

The basis for this research is to create joints that have greater joint strength and capability of carrying greater damage load. The structural damage behaviour of adhesively bonded single lap joints (ABSLJ’s) was investigated. Laminates formed by carbon fibre woven in plane weave pattern and bonded by epoxy were used as adherend. Since a variety of nano materials are currently in use and are said to improve the damage strength of the composite when dispersed in them during the fabrication, two such nano materials namely multi walled carbon nano tube (MWCNT) and Fullerene C60 in different weight percentages of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% were introduced by the method of ultrasonication to disperse them in the adhesive. A two part epoxy ROTEX EP - 416 resin and ROTEX EH – 153 hardener mixtures were used as adhesive for creating the joints. Results stipulate that the addition of MWCNT nanofillers in 1 wt % and 3 wt % in the adhesive has lead to a considerable increase in the tensile damage load of the ABSLJ’s by about 93% and 199% respectively. While the addition of 1 wt % Fullerene C60 in the adhesive increased the failure load but there was not much significant improvement when compared with the same percent of MWCNT.
Reducing soldering defects in mobile phone manufacturing company: A DMAIC approach
Authors: Garg Anshula , Raina Kalhan , Sharma Richa
Published: February 2020

A DMAIC (an effective tool) approach has been presented in this paper for reducing defects in soldering in an endeavor to approach six sigma quality level in a mobile phone manufacturing company. DMAIC helps expose and kill the root causes of defects in the process and thereby helps achieve higher customer satisfaction by means of improved quality. The case study was conducted in an electronics manufacturing industry engaged in an assembly of mobile phones. Post successful implementation of Six sigma - DMAIC in the assembly processes, ppm defectives dipped from 3800 to 200, which is a massive 94.74 percent reduction in ppm defectives.
Exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic analyses of single slope solar desalination unit loaded with/without nanofluid: A comprehensive review
Authors: Bandhu Singh Desh , Bansal Gagan , Kumar Yadav Jeetendra , Kumar Navneet , Tiwari Sumit , Raturi Anuj
Published: February 2020

The exergoeconomic and the enviroeconomic analyses of basin type single slope distiller unit based on solar energy can play an important role for mitigating the contemporary problem of acute shortage of drinking water throughout the world particularly developing and under developed countries. The technology of solar distiller unit has been known to humankind since the 16th century; however, it has not been preferred for purifying water on a large scale till date because of low potable water output, high initial investment, and non-availability of a technician at the local level. This technology is simple in nature and has the potential to mitigate the drinking water shortage; however, it has not been fully explored so far. A lot of configurations have been reported by various researchers since the development of solar distiller unit technology. This paper summarizes some of the important contributions reported so far on the basis of exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic parameters of single slope solar desalination units by incorporating the effect of nanofluid. A comparative study has been presented followed by a detailed discussion about exergoeconomic and enviroeconomic parameters of a single slope solar desalination unit loaded with/without nanofluid. It has been observed that the application of water-based nanofluid in the distiller unit results in the enhancement of performance. At last, the future scope has been presented.
Power Stability Control Strategy of the WPT System Based on Load Detection
Authors: Zhang Ming , Huang Xueliang , Tan Linlin , Liu Han
Published: February 2020

The output power fluctuates when offset occurs between the receiving coil and the transmitting coil or load equivalent impedance changes in a wireless power transfer system (WPT). These two conditions will affect the safety of the system and the life of the battery load. Therefore, effective control methods are needed to ensure the stability of the load power. This paper analyzes the WPT system with LCC/S compensation topology and the secondary side containing DC/DC circuit. The relationship between mutual inductance and load voltage and current, mutual inductance and the system transmission efficiency, DC/DC circuit duty ratio and load voltage and current are deduced. The output power stability control strategy through load voltage and load current detection and control of DC/DC circuit is proposed. Finally, the WPT system with 1 kW output power is built through simulation and experiment, which verifies the effectiveness and correctness of theoretical analysis and control strategy in this paper.
A Scheduling Model for Wind Power Consumption Considering Source-Charge Coordination of Combined Heat and Power System in Low-Carbon Environment
Authors: Lang Yifan , Xu Dan , Liu Shuyan , Hu Linxian
Published: February 2020

Increasing the penetration and consumption rate of new energy sources will help reduce or control carbon dioxide emissions and better promote green and low-carbon development. Based on the establishment of deep peak-load regulation model of pure condensing thermal power units, the model for the expansion of combined heat and power plant adjustment range, interruptible electro-thermal flexible load model and combined heat and power units carbon emission model, this paper introduces a quota-based carbon emission trading mechanism and constructs a source-load coordination scheduling model of combined heat and power system that considers the characteristics of heating network and aims at minimizing the total cost of units operation and carbon emission trading. The total coal consumption and wind curtailment absorption effect in three cases are compared by cases study. The outcomes display that the model in this paper can coordinate the scheduling resources on both sides of source and load, further diminish the total coal consumption and improve wind power consumption capacity based on improving the flexibility of source and load side, and achieve wind power consumption in low-carbon environment.
Study on Control Strategy of Microbus Power System Based on Branch-and-Bound Algorithm
Authors: Chong Liwen , Kang Chunjian , Zhang Zhang , Huang Jianwen
Published: February 2020

With the development of information technology, the scale of data center infrastructure has become larger and larger, which has always brought many challenges, such as unbalanced power load, high energy consumption, small scalable space and so on. In recent years, a distributed power supply structure, namely microbus power supply, has emerged, which is different from the traditional power distribution mode in computer room. It can adjust the power load distribution online in real time. This paper analyses the advantages of this micro bus structure power supply mode, and optimizes the cabinet power collection strategy based on branch and bound algorithm. By modeling and simulating the power consumption of the computer room in a real data center, the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly reduce the unbalance rate of the three-phase power supply equipment in the upper end of the computer room. Compared with the traditional power supply mode, it can reduce the maximum power imbalance by 49.88%.
Thrust Estimation for Aero-engine Based on Deep Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Wang Binbin , Xu Jianguo , Liu Xingyi , Zheng Qiangang
Published: February 2020

Aero-engines’ main task is to provide thrust for military or civil aircraft, so direct thrust control technology becomes one of the important research directions in the aero-engine control field. Thrust estimator design is an important part of direct thrust control. To overcome the shortcomings of traditional thrust estimation methods, such as low accuracy and poor robustness, a deep convolution neural network (DCNN) was introduced to design thrust estimator for aero-engine. Taking a turbofan engine component-level model as the objective, 100000 data samples were generated through simulation for training and testing the estimator. Twelve measurable parameters, such as fuel flowrate (W
f), combustion chamber exit temperature (T
4), high pressure rotor speed (HPS_N
mech), low pressure rotor speed (LPS_N
mech), nozzle exit temperature (T
8), etc. were selected as the input features of the estimator, and engine thrust was used as the output label. The effects of training data and test data partition ratio, convolution and pooling layer number, convolution kernel size, pooling window size and channel number of convolution/pooling layers on the performance of the thrust estimator were compared and analysed. Furthermore, the performance of the DCNN based thrust estimator was compared with that of traditional thrust estimators based on BP neural network and support vector machine (SVM). The validation results show that the DCNN based thrust estimator proposed in this paper has excellent thrust estimation performance, and its average accuracy can reach as high as 0.11%.
Assessment of the Voltage Influence of Charging Electrical Vehicles on the Distribution Grid
Authors: Ye Rui , Huang Xueliang , Duan Ran
Published: February 2020

At present, most relevant researches study the impact of charging electrical vehicles (EVs) on distribution network through simulation method. This method requires a large amount of input information and simulation calculation, and requires a large amount of simulation time. The required input information is difficult to be fully satisfied in the actual situation, which is easy to influence the evaluation effect. In order to overcome the drawbacks of the simulation method, an assessment model for evaluating the voltage influence caused by EV charging on distribution grid has been proposed in this paper, which can work with only the traditional distribution network input information for load flow calculation and historical charging load information at charge charging stations(FCS). The proposed model can perform early warning type assessment of voltage change, which can assist the distribution grid operators to find trouble nodes with high probability of voltage violation.
Research on Charging Load Characteristics of EVs Based on Actual Charging Power
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Peng , Shi Yi , Wu Chao , Mammadli Mahammad , Zhang Wei
Published: February 2020

With the expansion of the scale of electric vehicles (EVs) and the maturity of fast charging technology and the popularization of fast charging piles, the disorderly fast charging of EVs caused a significant damage on distribution network, the actual charging power of EVs is different from the rated power, the traditional method of using the rated power of the charging pile to forecast the charging load will cause a significant error and affect the dispatching operation of power grid. Based on the actual EV charging curve, this paper establishes a variable power fast charging load model for EVs. The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to simulate the charging load of EV groups. The fast charging loads of EVs with different vehicle types and different battery capacities are compared. The actual variable power fast charging mode of the electric vehicles is compared with the constant power fast charging mode and the slow charging mode, and the charging loads of the three charging modes are significantly different. Finally, the impact of charging load of electric vehicles of different scales on distribution network load is analyzed.