bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The radiation protection behavior of medical workers: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Liu Xun , Liu Yaqing , Xiong Pengyan , Guo Sixuan , Zhang Lei , Liao Li
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Radiation exposure in medical settings stands as the primary source of artificial radiation, compounded by the yearly rise in healthcare worker numbers. Ensuring radiation protection is crucial for safeguarding their occupational health. Nevertheless, existing studies on radiation protection behavior exhibit considerable heterogeneity due to various factors.

Objective

This scoping review aims to explore the current status of research on radiation protection behavior and identify research gaps, intending to guide future research directions.

Methods and analysis

The scoping review will follow the Arksey and O’Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A systematic search will be conducted across English databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Medline, as well as Chinese databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and China Biomedical Literature Database. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies based on predefined eligibility criteria and extract the data. Any disagreements will be resolved through discussion by a third reviewer. The review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews.

Strengths and limitations of this study

A stakeholder consultation will provide an opportunity to validate the findings and address any potential gaps in the article.

In this scoping review, all types of studies will be considered.

The effectiveness of the methodological quality of the included studies will not be reported, which may lead to some studies of poor quality being included.

Only studies published in English or Chinese after 2010 will be considered in this review, potentially leading to the omission of relevant papers.
Chinese Cowboys: A Story of Resilience in the American Old West
Authors: Guan Furui
Published: August 2024

While multiple academic sources point out that the cowboys in the Old West came from various races, most of the scholarship on cowboys of minority races tends to focus on cowboys of Latino, African American, and Native American descent. The topic of cowboys of Asian descent is barely touched upon, and it is not clear whether there were Asian cowboys in the Old West. This paper aims to search for traces of Asian cowboys, primarily Chinese cowboys, in the Old West. Gathering information from old newspapers, academic articles, memoirs, books, and other historical sources, I’m glad to find that Chinese cowboys did exist in the Old West. I’ve put together the stories of some of the most iconic Chinese cowboys from that period, and offered an analysis of the lives and experiences of those Chinese cowboys in the Old West.
“Our Right to Travel”
Authors: Siegfried Kate
Published: August 2024

In 1952, Paul Robeson and the Canadian Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter workers held a concert at Peace Arch Park on the border of the United States and Canada to protest the State Department's revoking of Robeson's passport for his condemnation of U.S. imperialist foreign policy, racism, and colonialism. Through his entangled use of place-as rhetoric and place-based rhetorics at the concert, Robeson charted a Black internationalist rhetorical cartography. Robeson's cartography contested the existing imperial world-order that is itself configured through Westphalian logics oriented around maintaining and projecting the European balance of power. Robeson's Black internationalist cartography hinges on freedom of movement as a teleology that circumvents imperial constructions of national sovereignty. This Black internationalist cartography offers a vision of a new world detached from imperial and colonial nationhood, ultimately demonstrating how space can be reimagined within contexts of racialized containment.
Was There More to Learn for S u-Hee?: Exploring In-Service and Pre-Service Biology Teachers' Perceptions Regarding the Education ‘Field’ and ‘Field-Based Instruction’
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Lee Jun-Ki , Park Eunju , Hwang Hyojeong
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the perceptions and characteristics of in-service and prospective teachers regarding the educational ‘field’ and to identify the differences.
Methods: Twenty-three current biology teachers from across the country and 21 prospective biology teachers from universities in the southern region participated in the study. The questionnaire-collected data was analyzed qualitatively, and this presented results using simple descriptive statistics.
Results: While in-service teachers emphasized ‘reality’ by presenting the concept of ‘field’ acquired through experiences in the educational field, prospective teachers conceptualized an ‘ideal’ of the field that was somewhat abstract and distant from reality. The in-service teacher responded that the perception of the field that he had as a pre-service teacher changed very realistically as he experienced the actual field. Through their field experience, the teachers suggested a curriculum-related curriculum, the acquisition of experimental inquiry class operation skills, the development of administrative skills, and the expansion of school field training as measures to strengthen field experience in the teacher training curriculum.
Conclusion: Through these results, this study suggested that the definition of ‘field’ should be specified first before evaluating teacher training courses and teacher training institutions, and that the opinions of current teachers should be sufficiently listened to and reflected when establishing a teacher training curriculum.
Development of the Reciprocal Education Model and Program for Cultivating Social Metacognitive Competency of Early Childhood Teachers
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Sung Jungim , Lee Kyunghwa
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a reciprocal education model and program to cultivate the social metacognitive competency of early childhood teachers.
Methods: This educational model confirmed the validity of the contents of experts, and the appropriateness of the educational program was confirmed through pilot tests.
Results: The procedure of the reciprocal education model consisted of Aware-Analysis and Monitoring (AM), Planning and Monitoring (PM), Reciprocal teaching Activities (RA), and Reflection and Evaluation (RE). The program was developed so that early childhood teachers could acquire and apply metacognitive strategies.
Conclusion: This study will be helpful for cultivating professionalism of early childhood teachers.
Analysis of Interdisciplinary Integration and Community of Practice Characteristics in Service Learning for Pre-service Teachers: Focusing on Topic Modeling Analysis
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Choi Jae-Hyeok , Son Yeon-A
Published: August 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the significance of the characteristics of major convergence and community of practice on pre-service teachers' service-learning activities.
Methods: To identify the characteristics of major convergence and community of practice in pre-service teachers' service-learning experiences, the interview data of six pre-service teachers who participated in a local problem-solving project at University A were analyzed using a topic modeling analysis technique.
Results: The team that grew into a community of practice showed a reciprocal relationship in terms of smooth communication, willingness to take on insufficient roles, co-leadership, positive perspectives on major convergence, and attempts to converge majors in a transdisciplinary manner. It was also confirmed that pre-service teachers experienced problem-solving approaches from different academic backgrounds through the convergence of their majors and deepened their professionalism in community management through collaboration within the community of practice.
Conclusion: Service learning for pre-service teachers needs to be incorporated into teacher education curricula so that pre-service teachers can contribute to real-world community problems and systematically learn how to solve educational problems through interdisciplinary collaboration.
The NACI Way: Connecting Native Groups and Teachers Through Culturally Responsive Instructional Design
Authors: West Stephanie , Francis Heather , Flox Cally , Beyal Brenda , Soderborg Emily , McDonald Jason
Published: August 2024

In 2018, the BYU ARTS Partnership Native American Curriculum Initiative (NACI) was developed in response to teacher questions regarding the teaching of Native topics. Despite increased movements towards reconciliation, Native groups continue to be marginalized in Westernized educational settings. Additionally, teachers lack clear guidelines regarding the respectful teaching of Native topics. Describing the challenges we, the NACI team members, faced in our six-year journey partnering with Native groups in Utah, we outline key instructional design decisions we made and identify the culturally responsive principles that guided those decisions. We also advocate for the application of culturally responsive principles and practices in education including the amplification of Native voices in the classroom.
Dungeons & Dragons in the Literature Classroom
Authors: Cooper Rich , Chowdhury Mahjabin , Donaldson Jonan Phillip , Mitchell Jonathan
Published: August 2024

“The Ballad of Proxima-B” is an educational RPG that promotes learning and collaboration. Students contribute to world-building and game mechanics, creating fictional worlds and characters, including a dystopian Earth, the planet Proxima-B, and alien races. The game incorporates constructivist, constructionist, and Dynamic Systems Model of Role Identity (DSMRI) principles. The hands-on and collaborative nature facilitates learning, reflection, and a strong classroom community. During gameplay, characters form alliances, encouraging students to reflect on their interactions. Design challenges include workload balance and addressing student anxiety. Game elements emphasize critical thinking and self-reflection, foster collaboration and community, and encourage exploring identity through serious play.
Performance of An Aerated Wastewater Stabilization Pond for the Treatment of Cultivation Wastewater of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Grow-out Ponds
Authors: Jannah Rizkiyah Fatikhatul , Ratnawati Ratnawati , Sunaryo Sunaryo , Widiasa I Nyoman
Published: August 2024

Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) is a major cultivated crustacean species whose aquaculture production has doubled in the last decade. The implementation of shrimp pond systems using closed or intensive methods is widely carried out. However, wastewater produced by intensive shrimp farming may cause environmental effects. This study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the aerated wastewater stabilization pond to treat the cultivation wastewater. The physicochemical parameters monitored were temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate. In the case of this study, almost all physicochemical parameters of the water coming out of the aerated wastewater stabilization pond are suitable for use as input water for integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA). Temperature, pH, salinity, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate were 27.1°C to 32.2°C, 7.86 to 8.79, 30 ppt to 34 ppt, 0.003 mg/L to 0.068 mg/L, and 0.19 mg/L to 1.31 mg/L, respectively. Only ammonia concentration significantly fluctuated in the range of 0.44 mg/L to 12 mg/L.
The Effect of Audit Quality, Good Corporate Governance and Deferred Tax Expenses on Profit Management in Manufacturing Companies 2019-2021
Authors: Fitriyanto Dwi , Jannah Nur Annisa Miftahul
Published: August 2024

These findings examine how deferred tax costs, audit quality, and The company's leadership procedure affects the profit managed in manufacturing companies in IDX during 2019 to 2021. Regression method Linear is needed as a quantitative approach as well as secondary data. By era 2019–2021, there were 51 business actors in the consumer goods industry sector. Retrieved 31 Companies are collected through a purposive sampling approach, which involves a number of criteria and determination of the state of the sample. Thus producing, The conclusion is audit quality, institutional ownership, and deferred tax costs has no impact on earning management. While the independent commissioner gave Impact on earning management.
Przywiązanie w dzieciństwie w aspekcie wybranych sytuacji trudnych dzieci
Authors: Cywińska Małgorzata
Published: August 2024

The family plays a crucial role in shaping an individual’s personality and influencing emotional, social, and cognitive development. J. Bowlby underscores the significance of early attachments, particularly with the mother, in the proper formation of an individual. The primary and biologically rooted need for proximity to the caregiver profoundly impacts a child’s well-being. This study explores the repercussions of challenging childhood experiences, including maternal abandonment or frequent distancing, on the individual’s functioning not only in childhood, but also throughout adolescence and adulthood.The behavior of attachment figures, especially the caregiver acting as the mother, determines the quality of the child’s attachment, classified as either trusting, anxiety-avoidant, anxiety-ambivalent, or disorganized. Insecure attachments, specifically anxiety-avoidant and anxiety-ambivalent bonds, along with disorganized attachment, can give rise to various difficult situations for individuals. The focus, particularly on disorganized attachment, highlights the heightened risk of mental disorders, behavioral issues, and personality disorders.This article delves into John Bowlby’s attachment theory, elucidating its key aspects, and draws connections to difficult situations experienced by preschool and early elementary school children with diverse attachment types. These situations encompass conflicts, loneliness, peer rejection, and failures.
Sytuacje trudne oraz sposoby radzenia sobie z nimi przez uczniów w szóstym i siódmym roku nauki
Authors: Misiuk Agnieszka , Deptuła Maria
Published: August 2024

The article brings an answer to the question of which situations students perceive as difficult and which coping strategies they rely on. The study, consisting of two surveys, was carried out in the school year 2021/2022 and was conducted in 22 classes in the sixth and seventh years. Teams were drawn from all such classes in state primary schools in one lager city. The questionnaire How Do You Cope by Zygfryd Juczyński and Nina Ogińska-Bulik was used for the diagnosis. Analysis of the results shows that girls and boys differ in their perception of difficult situations. In the girls’ group, both in the first and second survey, problems in relations with peers were indicated most frequently, and those concerning family relations were mentioned somewhat less frequently. Boys, however, most frequently indicated that difficult situations are those that concerned school. The second most frequently mentioned ones were difficulties in relationships with peers. Irrespective of the type of situation indicated by the respondents as difficult, the strategy consisting in seeking support was used least frequently and a focus on emotions was used most frequently.
Improving Graph Compression for Efficient Resource-Constrained Graph Analytics
Authors: Xu Qian , Yang Juan , Zhang Feng , Chen Zheng , Guan Jiawei , Chen Kang , Fan Ju , Shen Youren , Yang Ke , Zhang Yu , Du Xiaoyong
Published: August 2024

Recent studies have shown the promise of directly processing compressed graphs. However, its benefits have been limited by high peak-memory usage and unbearably long compression time. In this paper, we introduce Laconic, a novel rule-based graph processing solution that overcomes the challenges of restricted memory and impractical compression time faced by existing approaches. Laconic, for the first time, ensures minimal memory overhead during compression and significantly reduces graph sizes, thus reducing peak memory demand during computations. By employing an efficient parallel compression algorithm, Laconic achieves a remarkable reduction in compression time. In our experiments, we compare Laconic with state-of-the-art solutions. The results demonstrate that Laconic outperforms other methods, reducing peak memory consumption by an average of 70% during compression and 66% during computation. Additionally, Laconic reduces rule compression time by an average of 93% compared to traditional rule-based compression, achieving a 2.47× higher compression ratio, and providing a 2.12× performance speedup.
ArcheType: A Novel Framework for Open-Source Column Type Annotation Using Large Language Models
Authors: Feuer Benjamin , Liu Yurong , Hegde Chinmay , Freire Juliana
Published: August 2024

Existing deep-learning approaches to semantic column type annotation (CTA) have important shortcomings: they rely on semantic types which are fixed at training time; require a large number of training samples per type; incur high run-time inference costs; and their performance can degrade when evaluated on novel datasets, even when types remain constant. Large language models have exhibited strong zero-shot classification performance on a wide range of tasks and in this paper we explore their use for CTA. We introduce ArcheType, a simple, practical method for context sampling, prompt serialization, model querying, and label remapping, which enables large language models to solve CTA problems in a fully zero-shot manner. We ablate each component of our method separately, and establish that improvements to context sampling and label remapping provide the most consistent gains. ArcheType establishes a new state-of-the-art performance on zero-shot CTA benchmarks (including three new domain-specific benchmarks which we release along with this paper), and when used in conjunction with classical CTA techniques, it outperforms a SOTA DoDuo model on the fine-tuned SOTAB benchmark.
Rashnu: Data-Dependent Order-Fairness
Authors: Nagda Heena , Singhal Shubhendra Pal , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Loo Boon Thau
Published: August 2024

Distributed data management systems use state Machine Replication (SMR) to provide fault tolerance. The SMR algorithm enables Byzantine Fault-Tolerant (BFT) protocols to guarantee safety and liveness despite the malicious failure of nodes. However, SMR does not prevent the adversarial manipulation of the order of transactions, where the order assigned by a malicious leader differs from the order in that transactions are received from clients. While
order-fairness
has been recently studied in a few protocols, such protocols rely on synchronized clocks, suffer from liveness issues, or incur significant performance overhead. This paper presents
Rashnu
, a high-performance fair ordering protocol. Rashnu is motivated by the fact that fair ordering among two transactions is needed only when both transactions access a shared resource. Based on this observation, we define the notion of
data-dependent order fairness
where replicas capture only the order of data-dependent transactions and the leader uses these orders to propose a dependency graph that represents fair ordering among transactions. Replicas then execute transactions using the dependency graph, resulting in the parallel execution of independent transactions. We implemented a prototype of Rashnu where our experimental evaluation reveals the low overhead of providing order-fairness in Rashnu.
FSM: A Fine-Grained Splitting and Merging Framework for Dual-Balanced Graph Partition
Authors: Liu Chengjun , Peng Zhuo , Zheng Weiguo , Zou Lei
Published: August 2024

Partitioning a large graph into smaller subgraphs by minimizing the number of cutting vertices and edges, namely cut size or replication factor, plays a crucial role in distributed graph processing tasks. However, many prior works have primarily focused on optimizing the cut size by considering only vertex balance or edge balance, leading to significant workload imbalance and consequently hindering the performance of downstream tasks. Therefore, in this paper, we address the dual-balanced graph partition problem that minimizes the cut size while simultaneously guaranteeing both vertex and edge balance. We propose a lightweight effective two-phase framework, namely fine-grained splitting and merging (FSM), which decomposes the graph into more and smaller partitions and then merges them. FSM offers the flexibility of integrating with various state-of-the-art single-balanced techniques. We develop two efficient algorithms
Fast Merging and Precise Merging
to enable trade-offs between computational efficiency and partitioning quality. Experimental results on large real-world graphs demonstrate that FSM achieves state-of-the-art cut size while maintaining dual balance. The runtime for downstream tasks PageRank, connected component, and diameter estimation, can be reduced by a large proportion, up to 9.43%, 11.35%, and 17.94%, respectively.
Poligras: Policy-Based Graph Summarization
Authors: Bai Jiyang , Zhao Peixiang
Published: August 2024

Large graphs are ubiquitous. Their sizes, rates of growth, and complexity, however, have significantly outpaced human capabilities to ingest and make sense of them. As a cost-effective graph simplification technique,
graph summarization
is aimed to reduce large graphs into concise, structure-preserving, and quality-enhanced summaries readily available for efficient graph storage, processing, and visualization. Concretely, given a graph
G
, graph summarization condenses
G
into a succinct representation comprising (1) a
supergraph
with supernodes representing disjoint sets of vertices of
G
and superedges depicting aggregate-level connections between supernodes, and (2) a set of
correction
edges that help reconstruct
G
losslessly from the supergraph. Existing graph summarization solutions offer non-optimal graph summaries and are time-demanding in real-world large graphs. In this paper, we propose a learning-enhanced graph summarization approach, Poligras (
Poli
cy-based
gra
ph summarization), to model the most critical computational component in graph summarization: supernode selection and merging. Specifically, we design a probabilistic policy learned and optimized by neural networks for efficient optimal supernode pair selection. As the first learning-enhanced, scalable graph summarization method, Poligras achieves significantly improved performance over state-of-the-art graph summarization solutions in real-world large graphs.
TIGER: Training Inductive Graph Neural Network for Large-Scale Knowledge Graph Reasoning
Authors: Wang Kai , Xu Yuwei , Luo Siqiang
Published: August 2024

Knowledge Graph (KG) Reasoning plays a vital role in various applications by predicting missing facts from existing knowledge. Inductive KG reasoning approaches based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown impressive performance, particularly when reasoning with unseen entities and dynamic KGs. However, such state-of-the-art KG reasoning approaches encounter efficiency and scalability challenges on large-scale KGs due to the high computational costs associated with subgraph extraction - a key component in inductive KG reasoning. To address the computational challenge, we introduce TIGER, an inductive GNN training framework tailored for large-scale KG reasoning. TIGER employs a novel, efficient streaming procedure that facilitates rapid subgraph slicing and dynamic subgraph caching to minimize the cost of subgraph extraction. The fundamental challenge in TIGER lies in the optimal subgraph slicing problem, which we prove to be NP-hard. We propose a novel two-stage algorithm SiGMa to solve the problem practically. By decoupling the complicated problem into two classical ones, SiGMa achieves low computational complexity and high slice reuse. We also propose four new benchmarks for robust evaluation of large-scale inductive KG reasoning, the biggest of which performs on the Freebase KG (encompassing 86M entities, 285M edges). Through comprehensive experiments on state-of-the-art GNN-based KG reasoning models, we demonstrate that TIGER significantly reduces the running time of subgraph extraction, achieving an average 3.7× speedup relative to the basic training procedure.
D-Bot: Database Diagnosis System using Large Language Models
Authors: Zhou Xuanhe , Li Guoliang , Sun Zhaoyan , Liu Zhiyuan , Chen Weize , Wu Jianming , Liu Jiesi , Feng Ruohang , Zeng Guoyang
Published: August 2024

Database administrators (DBAs) play an important role in managing database systems. However, it is hard and tedious for DBAs to manage vast database instances and give timely response (waiting for hours is intolerable in many online cases). In addition, existing empirical methods only support limited diagnosis scenarios, which are also labor-intensive to update the diagnosis rules for database version updates. Recently large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in various fields. Thus, we propose
D-Bot
, an LLM-based database diagnosis system that can automatically acquire knowledge from diagnosis documents, and generate reasonable and well-founded diagnosis report (i.e., identifying the root causes and solutions) within acceptable time (e.g., under 10 minutes compared to hours by a DBA). The techniques in
D-Bot
include (
i
) offline knowledge extraction from documents, (
ii
) automatic prompt generation (e.g., knowledge matching, tool retrieval), (
iii
) root cause analysis using tree search algorithm, and (
iv
) collaborative mechanism for complex anomalies with multiple root causes. We verify
D-Bot
on real benchmarks (including 539 anomalies of six typical applications), and the results show
D-Bot
can effectively identify root causes of unseen anomalies and
significantly outperforms traditional methods and vanilla models like GPT-4.
CXL and the Return of Scale-Up Database Engines
Authors: Lerner Alberto , Alonso Gustavo
Published: August 2024

The trend toward specialized processing devices such as TPUs, DPUs, GPUs, and FPGAs has exposed the weaknesses of PCIe in interconnecting these devices and their hosts. Several attempts have been proposed to improve, augment, or downright replace PCIe, and more recently, these efforts have converged into a standard called Compute Express Link (CXL). CXL is already on version 2.0 in terms of commercial availability, but its potential to radically change the conventional server architecture has only just started to surface. For example, CXL can increase the bandwidth and quantity of memory available to any single machine beyond what that machine can originally provide, most importantly, in a manner that is fully transparent to software applications.

We argue, however, that CXL can have a broader impact beyond memory expansion and deeply affect the architecture of data-intensive systems. In a nutshell, while the cloud favored
scale-out
approaches that grew in capacity by adding full servers to a rack, CXL brings back
scale-up
architectures that can grow by fine-tuning individual resources, all while transforming the rack into a large shared-memory machine. In this paper, we describe why such architectural transformations are now possible, how they benefit emerging heterogeneous hardware platforms for data-intensive systems, and the associated research challenges.
Efficient Discovery of Significant Patterns with Few-Shot Resampling
Authors: Pellegrina Leonardo , Vandin Fabio
Published: August 2024

Significant pattern mining is a fundamental task in mining transactional data, requiring to identify
patterns
significantly associated with the value of a given feature, the
target.
In several applications, such as biomedicine, basket market analysis, and social networks, the goal is to discover patterns whose association with the target is defined with respect to an underlying population, or process, of which the dataset represents only a collection of observations, or samples. A natural way to capture the association of a pattern with the target is to consider its
statistical significance
, assessing its deviation from the (null) hypothesis of independence between the pattern and the target. While several algorithms have been proposed to find statistically significant patterns, it remains a computationally demanding task, and for complex patterns such as subgroups, no efficient solution exists.

We present FSR, an efficient algorithm to identify statistically significant patterns with rigorous guarantees on the probability of false discoveries. FSR builds on a novel general framework for mining significant patterns that captures some of the most commonly considered patterns, including itemsets, sequential patterns, and subgroups. FSR uses a small number of resampled datasets, obtained by assigning i.i.d. labels to each transaction, to rigorously bound the supremum deviation of a quality statistic measuring the significance of patterns. FSR builds on novel tight bounds on the supremum deviation that require to mine a small number of resampled datasets, while providing a high effectiveness in discovering significant patterns. As a test case, we consider significant subgroup mining, and our evaluation on several real datasets shows that FSR is effective in discovering significant subgroups, while requiring a small number of resampled datasets.
A sarcopenia screening test predicts mortality among hospitalized cancer patients
Authors: Lin Wen‐Li , Chen Jyh‐Jou , Wu Li‐Min , Huang Wen‐Tsung , Guo How‐Ran , Nguyen Thi‐Hoang‐Yen
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the ability of a sarcopenia screening test to predict mortality among cancer inpatients. We conducted a prospective study of patients admitted to the oncology ward of a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. Over a 5‐month period, 82 patients were enrolled for evaluation and were followed for 3 years. All participants received a comprehensive assessment at the time of admission, including Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, cognitive ability, nutrition index, body mass index, and short physical performance battery (SPPB). Age, ECOG performance status, dementia, SPPB score, and albumin level were associated with sarcopenia. Of the enrolled participants, 53 (64.6%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Patients with sarcopenia were associated with worse overall survival (OS) than patients without sarcopenia (28.8% vs. 82%, p = 0.01). Metastasis (hazard ratio [HR]: 5.166; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.358–19.656) and albumin level (HR: 4.346; 95% CI: 1.493–12.654) were independent and significant predictors of OS for the whole study population. Age was a predictor of 2‐year all‐cause mortality among patients aged ≥65 years but not among those aged <65 years (OS: 25.6% vs. 100%, p = 0.04). To summarize, the sarcopenia screening results were found to predict OS and all‐cause mortality and may be helpful for patient stratification during in‐hospital care.
Online-Anmeldung, aber richtig! Die drei Online-Prozesse der Stadtbücherei Frankfurt am Main
Authors: Hofmann Helga , Ollig Vittoria
Published: August 2024

Seit über drei Jahren bietet die Stadtbücherei Frankfurt am Main Neukund*innen die Möglichkeit, einen Bibliotheksausweis medienbruchfrei online zu beantragen. 2022 kam die Online-Verlängerung des Bibliotheksausweises dazu und 2023 folgte das E-Payment, um Mahnentgelte und andere Forderungen online zu bezahlen. In diesem Artikel werden die Ausgangslage, die Motivation, der Prozessverlauf und die Herausforderungen dargestellt, ergänzt um ein Resümee nach drei Jahren Praxis.
Periods of upheaval and their effect on mediatized ways of life: Changes in media use in the wake of separation, new partnership, children leaving the parental home, and relocation
Authors: Niemand Stephan
Published: August 2024

Media use is always embedded in real everyday contexts, which would suggest that a profound change in everyday structure also brings about a change in the media repertoire. To explore the relationship between everyday structure and media use we present selected empirical findings from a qualitative panel study with couples on how they change their media repertoire in the wake of separation, new partnership, children leaving the parental home, and relocation. For analyzing the effects of these periods of upheaval we differentiate the mediatized ways of life into various dimensions: temporal, spatial, content-related, social, meaning-related, material, emotional, and physical. The findings tell us which changes in everyday structure bring about dynamics in the media repertoire, for example, more or less control over time (temporal), distance from family and friends (spatial), or emotional crises (emotional), and which factors are relevant for people when they renegotiate their media use within the new life situation.
Long time decay of incompressible convective Brinkman-Forchheimer in L
2(ℝ3)
Authors: Jlali Lotfi , Benameur Jamel
Published: August 2024

In this article, we study the global existence, uniqueness, and continuity for the solution of incompressible convective Brinkman-Forchheimer on the whole space

R

3

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}

when

4
μ
β
≥
1

4\mu \beta \ge 1

. Additionally, we give an asymptotic type of convergence of the global solution.
“English is the natural language of science”: discourses and ideologies concerning EMI in two Brazilian universities
Authors: Cogo Alessia , Gimenez Telma , Cabrini Calvo Luciana , El Kadri Michele
Published: August 2024

With the introduction of English medium instruction (EMI) as one strategy for the internationalization of universities, more and more lecturers in Brazil choose the option of running their courses in EMI, while higher education courses are normally taught in Portuguese, the official language. In this study, we aim to explore the discourses and ideologies underlying the introduction and choice of EMI in two Brazilian higher education institutions. We conducted interviews with lecturers and focus group discussions with lecturers and students at two state universities in Paraná, Brazil. The results show a tendency to see English as “the natural language of science” which is underpinned by various ideological positions in relation to the role of English in academia, such as monolingual, correctness and native speakerism ideologies. At the same time, the data shows resistance to English from a linguistic justice perspective, and portrays university lecturers as engaging in a balancing act to facilitate inclusion and still offer international opportunities to students in Brazil.
Our gateway is your gatekeeper: benefits and constraints of EMI for different participants in Japanese ELF contexts
Authors: Murata Kumiko , Iino Masakazu
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the interconnectedness of gatekeeper and gateway roles the same English-medium instruction (EMI) policy plays for different student populations at different times. The research site is located in an EMI programme at a Japanese university, where, for international students, EMI opens a gateway to the university, Japanese ability not being required at the entry point, whereas the same policy plays a gatekeeping role for Japanese students, a high English proficiency level based on native English speaker (NES) norms being required. However, for international students with plans to work for Japanese companies after graduation, their low Japanese ability starts playing a gatekeeping role for their future career, contrary to the situation at the outset. In contrast, Japanese students, who initially struggle to get used to EMI, after a few years, become empowered by their ability to use English as a lingua franca (ELF), which becomes a gateway to new career opportunities. Thus, the same EMI policy could play opposing roles for different student populations at different times, a gateway turning gatekeeper for one group, while for another, the initial gatekeeper turning gateway after some time. The exploration is mostly based on our interview data with EMI graduates at both undergraduate and graduate levels. Implications for language policy will also be discussed.
From Guilt to Shame: Ecocide Responses East and West
Authors: Wenning Mario
Published: August 2024

The chapter begins with the idea that fostering emotions that acknowledge one's role, whether direct or indirect, in causing harm to the environment can encourage eco-friendly behavior. In Western environmental discussions, guilt is often emphasized, whereas Eastern perspectives lean towards shame when addressing responsibility for environmental damage. While guilt discourse is prevalent, ecoshame remains unexplored in the context of environmental ethics. Hence, the chapter draws on Chinese texts to offer an exploration into the potential of this affect to promote responsible environmental actions. This exploration enables a reevaluation of what it means to live on a planet that experiences ecocide.
Spirituality and Society: A Way to Search for the Common Good
Authors: Sepúlveda del Río Ignacio
Published: August 2024

For most of the twentieth century, spiritual traditions were understood to be a factor in slowing down and retarding the development of societies. Religion and spirituality were associated with traditionalism or conservatism, with maintaining stagnant understandings of society. In the time of post-secularity, the possibility of embracing spiritual traditions to help promote societies’ common good is opening up. The question that arises is how this can be possible and how spiritual traditions can contribute to the common good.
A CRÍTICA DE HANS JONAS AO ENHANCEMENT HUMANO
Authors: Lopes Wendell E. S.
Published: August 2024

Neste ensaio, o autor apresenta a crítica de Hans Jonas ao enhancement humano, especificamente nos termos de uma possível manipulação genética. Para tanto, oferece-se, inicialmente, uma análise da imagem de homem que serve de base para a consideração crítica de Jonas. Tendo essa imagem de homem, que se caracteriza por destacar a abertura radical do ser humano em relação ao mundo, apresenta-se, em seguida, como a manipulação genética, enquanto técnica futurista, mas possível, pode levar à desfiguração da imagem de homem, e, por fim, por que, tal empresa deve ser evitada, seja em sua metas meramente utilitarista ou mesmo em sua meta supostamente melhorista, já que gera um prejuízo definitivo à liberdade humana, tanto em seu sentido existencial quanto político.
Apresentação
Authors: Möbbs Adriane da Silva Machado , Rohden Luiz , Gubert Paulo Gilberto
Published: August 2024

É com grande satisfação que apresentamos o “Dossiê Paul Ricoeur: hermenêutica e ética” e manifestamos a nossa gratidão a todos os colaboradores deste volume e, em especial, a ASIER, à Capes, à Unisinos pelo fomento à pesquisa e a realização dos congressos Paul Ricoeur. Nossa gratidão também aos leitores, lembrando que – como nos ensina Ricoeur – a leitura é um exercício de alteridade.
RICOEUR E A TAREFA FILOSÓFICA DE UMA CRÍTICA DA RAZÃO
Authors: Marcelo Gonçalo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta a crítica da razão como sendo uma das mais importantes tarefas filosóficas. Argumentando que é hoje necessário retomar esta tarefa, para operar uma crítica da “razão miserável”, aqui entendida como o exercício dominante da razão que a mantém ao nível dos reducionismos técnico-científico e económico, o artigo mostra até que ponto a filosofia de Paul Ricoeur contém contribuições que permitem encetar esta crítica.
TRADUCTION ET RAISON PRATIQUE: ENTRE RICŒUR ET GRANGER
Authors: Lacour Philippe
Published: August 2024

Placer la pensée de la traduction entre Ricœur et Granger ne revient pas à abandonner la réflexion traductologique empirique au profit de spéculations philosophiques abstraites et vagues. Il s’agit plutôt d’insister sur le rôle la traduction dans la définition contemporaine de la rationalité, en soulignant plusieurs aspects souvent négligés, sinon oubliés, de la philosophie du langage. Rétablir la place fondamentale de la traduction au sein de la linguistique, là où la tradition ne lui a, le plus souvent, réservé qu’une fonction subsidiaire, permet de rendre compte de façon cohérente de la complexité de la réflexion sémantique. Par quoi est ainsi dégagée la spécificité épistémologique de la rationalité clinique, connaissance interprétative des singularités. La linguistique de corpus, notamment dans le cas des corpora numérique de textes traduits, en montre toute la fécondité. En définitive, on peut considérer la nécessaire re-traduction comme l’indice de la réflexivité particulière – décentrée – dont est passible cette rationalité plus plastique.
A VOX E O VERBUM NO SERMÃO 288: ALGUMAS NOTAS SOBRE O DISCURSO INTERIOR EM AGOSTINHO
Authors: Fragoso Pereira Diego
Published: August 2024

Neste estudo sobre o Sermão 288 de Agostinho de Hipona, pretendo investigar o papel desempenhado no discurso interior pelos conceitos ‘uox’ e ‘uerbum’, ambos fundamentais para se compreender o uerbum in corde agostiniano. Em junho de 401, na solenidade de João Batista, Agostinho proclama esse sermão diante da assembleia de Cartago. O objetivo era diferenciar Jesus e João Batista. Para isso, Agostinho analisa dois conceitos: uerbum e uox. Jesus seria o Verbum Dei e João seria a uox que clama no deserto. Para entender a relação entre o VerbumDei e a uox clamantis in deserto, passa-se para o uerbum humano, que está no interior da mente. O uerbum interior tem a propriedade de significar, de ser concebido no coração, de ser conservado na memória, de viver no entendimento, de não pertencer à nenhuma língua, de permanecer íntegro no coração, de se servir do auxílio da uox para se dar a conhecer a um determinado ouvinte, ao passo que a uox não apresenta tais propriedades. Ela seria uma das formas possíveis pela qual o uerbum interior se manifestaria. Ora, todas essas características representam o cerne da doutrina agostiniana do uerbum interior. Seria, portanto, em 401 o momento em que Agostinho já teria à mão os principais conceitos de uma teria que, nos anos seguintes, seria complementada através do De Trinitate 8–15.
AGOSTINHO CONTRA TITO LÍVIO: PUDOR, ESTUPRO E SUICÍDIO FEMININO
Authors: Ayoub Cristiane Negreiros Abbud
Published: August 2024

Agostinho discute a violência sexual contra as mulheres no primeiro livro de A Cidade de Deus (De ciuitate Dei). Tendo vivido nos séculos IV e V, o autor se reflete sobre o estupro de três perspectivas: moral, legal e social. Quanto à moral, defende que o estupro não macula a dignidade das vítimas. Quanto à legal, considera o estupro um crime contra a vítima e que esta, além de não merecer culpabilização nem pena, deve ter uma consolatio. No âmbito social, denuncia a mentalidade da época como baseada numa concepção deturpada da pudicitia (oriunda da narrativa de Tito Lívio sobre o estupro de Lucrécia e seu subsequente suicídio). Segundo Agostinho, a pudicícia romana agrava a punição injusta das vítimas com violências ulteriores. Nesses termos, reivindica uma política imperial de proteção e amparo às mulheres violentadas. O estudo desse texto de Agostinho é desenvolvido em quatro fases: breve contexto histórico, o exemplo imperial de pudor feminino (Lucrécia), as consequências desastrosas desse exemplo e, enfim, o posicionamento de Agostinho.
Virtuosos, amentes e incontinentes: Santo Tomás de Aquino e as potências da alma humana em conflito
Authors: Schoeller de Azevedo Júnior Napoleão
Published: August 2024

Neste artigo, partindo de textos de Santo Tomás de Aquino acerca da natureza humana, propomos uma interpretação na qual o ato do intelecto e o ato da vontade estão fortemente relacionados. Analisaremos algumas consequências dessa interpretação que podem ajudar a esclarecer o caso do incontinente. Sustentaremos que, mesmo nesse caso, o vínculo entre intelecto e vontade é mantido.
Nota sobre os conhecimentos do ‘o que é’ e do ‘por que’ no Livro II dos Segundos Analíticos de Aristóteles
Authors: De Almeida Wellington Damasceno
Published: August 2024

Trata-se de examinar as dificuldades envolvidas na proposta aristotélica de identificar os conhecimentos do ‘o que é’ e do ‘por que’, a fim de melhor compreender os contornos que a delimitam. Proponho que as conexões pelas quais Aristóteles vincula definição e explicação, e, a partir daí, essência e causa, dependem da convertibilidade mútua entre expressões nominais e sentenças predicativas.
A procura por uma nova teoria da subjetividade em Wilhelm Dilthey mediante a tarefa de fundamentação das Ciências do Espírito
Authors: Santini Guilherme José
Published: August 2024

O psicologismo é um tópico na História da Filosofia alemã do século XIX. A tese sobre a qual se sustenta o psicologismo é a tese do princípio de imanência como ponto de partida para uma fundamentação epistemológica do conhecimento. Concentrar-nos-emos em apenas um dos filósofos que farão essa abordagem nesse viés, o filósofo alemão Wilhelm Dilthey, conhecido como referência da chamada Filosofia da Vida (Lebensphilosophie). Com efeito, em busca de uma resposta para a pergunta sobre as condições de possibilidade do conhecimento histórico, Dilthey defendeu a postulação do princípio de imanência como ponto de partida para uma nova teoria da subjetividade que viesse a embasar uma nova Teoria do Conhecimento e concorrer para um método alternativo ao das Psicologias Explicativas baseadas em pressupostos materialistas. O nosso interesse se dirige à investigação da importância da posição desse princípio no projeto diltheyano da chamada Crítica da Razão Histórica, que constitui um capítulo da história da transição da Filosofia Moderna para a Filosofia Contemporânea, marcada pelo surgimento de novas teorias da subjetividade.
SCHECHTMAN, M. Staying Alive: Personal Identity, Practical Concerns, and the Unity of a Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014, 214p.
Authors: De Borba Alexandre Ziani
Published: August 2024

Nesta resenha, eu apresento as ideias desenvolvidas por Marya Schechtman em seu livro recente a respeito da identidade pessoal e tento aprofundar o conceito por ela introduzido de "person-space".
Decolonial philosophy and the historical-sociological blindness of the theories of modernity: a new way to Latin-American philosophy
Authors: Danner Leno Francisco
Published: August 2024

The paper argues on the Latin-American philosophy as a decolonial praxis which unveils and overcomes the historical-sociological blindness of the theories of modernity (such as Max Weber and Jürgen Habermas). This historical-sociological blindness is characterized (a) by the separation between European culture and the modern Realpolitik of the colonialism as non-dependent and non-mutually-supported moments, and (b) by the reconstruction of the process of constitution of the European modernity as an endogenous, self-referential and basically internal movement of evolution, ignoring again its correlation and profound linking with colonialism. The paper argues that the critical and emancipatory role of the modernity’s normative paradigm only is possible by that historical-sociological blindness. So, the Latin-American philosophy, the moment it denounces and unveils the historical-sociological blindness of the theories of modernity, points directly to the self-restraint of the modernity’s normative paradigm as the basic theoretical-political agenda and praxis for a decolonial philosophy, as condition also to the correction of the modernity itself. Contrarily to Habermas, who defends the renewal of the modernity’s normative paradigm as a non-fundamentalist epistemological-moral universalism, the decolonial philosophy will show that the historical-sociological blindness only can be resolved from the self-restraint of the modernity and from an anti-colonial politics based on the reparation for colonialism as a critical-normative concept for theoretical analysis and political praxis regarding modernity-modernization as a totalizing epistemological-cultural-societal movement towards colonialism.