bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependência de cannabis sativa no período gestacional: correlações neurobiológicas, subjetivas, sociais e jurídicas
Authors: Carvalho Luciana Nogueira de , Almeida Cláudia , Lima Elisângela Maria Morais , Lacerda Gabriel C. , Barros Helio Lauar de
Published: August 2017

Cannabis sativa é a droga ilícita mais usada no período gestacional, e o avanço das neurociências tem contribuído para a elucidação do sistema endocanabinoide envolvido no controle das emoções, do humor e da memória. O desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central é suscetível aos efeitos do tetra-hidrocanabidiol (THC). Assim, a exposição do feto à maconha durante a ontogênese não é um fenômeno benigno, tendo influência na migração, proliferação e diferenciação das células neuronais. Além disso, essa condiçãogera repercussões subjetivas, sociais e jurídicas que afetam a capacidade da mãe de cuidar dos filhos. Este trabalho tem por objetivo reunir informações atuais sobre os efeitos do uso da cannabis durante a gestação humana e suas repercussões na capacidade materna de cuidar dos filhos. Os autores concluem que filhos de usuárias cursam com prejuízos neurocognitivos relacionados ao uso de cannabis durante a gestação e apresentam aumento de sintomas depressivos, atencionais e impulsivos, além de dificuldades de aprendizado.
Espiritualidade como mecanismo de coping em transtornos mentais
Authors: Zimpel Rogério R. , Mosqueiro Bruno Paz , Rocha Neusa Sica da
Published: August 2017

Há um crescente interesse no estudo das relações entre espiritualidade e saúde. Estudos empíricos destacam o papel protetor da espiritualidade na prevenção de depressão, transtornos de ansiedade, uso de substâncias, diminuição do risco de suicídio, promoção de bem-estar e qualidade de vida, além de resiliência em situações de adversidade, traumas e estresse agudo ou crônico. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para que se possa entender como ocorre a associação entre espiritualidade e saúde em diferentes contextos clínicos e, assim, contribuir para o avanço do entendimento desse tema complexo.
Sintomas de internalização e externalização em crianças e adolescentes com deficiência visual
Authors: Checchia Maísa Novaes Portella , Michel Renata , Moraes César de
Published: August 2017

Objetivo: Estudar sintomas emocionais (internalização externalização) em 12 crianças e adolescentes com deficiência visual. Método: Foram pesquisados 12 sujeitos com idade entre 6 e 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, diagnosticados com cegueira total ou visão subnormal (grupo de pesquisa), de acordo com dados fornecidos pela instituição em que as crianças eram assistidas e os relatos dos pais ou responsáveis. Também foram pesquisadas 10  crianças com visão normal (grupo controle), com a mesma faixa etária e também de ambos os sexos. Para as avaliações, foram usados o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil, o Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) e a entrevista introdutória do instrumento Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version 1, preenchidos com base nos relatos fornecidos. As análises estatísticas foram feitas através do teste do qui-quadrado, teste de Mann-Whitney e índice de correlação de Pearson. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: Foi encontrada maior incidência de sintomas internalizantes no grupo de pesquisa. Com relação ao grupo controle, foram verificados problemas com regras, ou seja, esse grupo apresentava o padrão clínico dos sintomas de externalização no quesito quebra de regras. Conclusão: Sintomas de internalização foram mais frequentes no grupo de crianças com deficiência visual.
Mecanismos epigenéticos induzidos pelo álcool na expressão de genes determinantes do comportamento suicida: fato ou acaso?
Authors: Brunelli Lisandre F.
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo tem como intuito lançar luz sobre um tema bastante comum em nossa sociedade, assim como em nosso mundo globalizado, a saber, a relação entre alcoolismo e suicídio. O grande número de suicídios que vêm ocorrendo atualmente pode ser considerado um problema de saúde pública. Concomitantemente, o alcoolismo tem sido evidenciado como agente precursor de diversos transtornos orgânicos e mentais, agindo como meio facilitador para comportamentos bizarros, julgamentos equivocados e atos impulsivos. A epigenética explica a possível relação entre tais eventos (comportamento suicida e alcoolismo) através da ativação de genes específicos que estariam envolvidos no processo. Pesquisas atuais podem auxiliar no tratamento de transtornos psiquiátricos graves através do estudo e emprego de psicofármacos que vão agir de forma direcionada a alvos farmacológicos específicos e até prevenir comportamentos de risco que possam culminar de forma fatal.
Parto cesárea é fator de risco para depressão pós-parto?
Authors: Rennó Jr. Joel , Cavalsan Juliana Pires , Lobo Hewdy Ribeiro , Cantilino Amaury , Rocha Renan , Ribeiro Jerônimo de Almeida Mendes , Valadares Gislene , Silva Antonio Geraldo da
Published: August 2017

A depressão pós-parto atinge cerca de 12% das puérperas. Apesar de ser reconhecida pelo médicos, ainda não se sabe ao certo sua causa. Muitos fatores de risco estão associados a essa patologia, entre eles baixo suporte familiar, gravidez não planejada, baixo nível socioeconômico, baixa escolaridade, depressão na gravidez e história pessoal de transtorno psiquiátrico. No entanto, ainda não está bem estabelecido se a via de parto é um facilitador para o desenvolvimento da depressão pós-parto. De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), o número de cesáreas é considerado muito alto no Brasil. A OMS estipula como aceitável taxas de 15% de cesárea; no Brasil, esse número chega a 45%. A literatura internacional é contraditória em determinar a via de parto como fator de risco para depressão pós-parto, e poucos artigos nacionais abordam o tema.
Avaliação da prática de terapia complementar espiritual/religiosa em saúde mental
Authors: Gonçalves Juliane , Lucchetti Giancarl , Leão Frederico C. , Menezes Paulo R. , Vallada Homero
Published: August 2017

Diversos estudos têm sido publicados sobre a infl uência as crenças e práti cas espirituais e religiosas na saúde mental. Diante de tais evidências, foram propostas estratégias com o objeti vo de esti mular a dimensão espiritual de pacientes, focando-se principalmente no enfrentamento de diferentes doenças. Porém, ainda são poucos os estudos que avaliam os possíveis efeitos e mecanismos de ação dessas intervenções espirituais/religiosas (IERs) através de ensaios clínicos randomizados. De acordo com a literatura cientí fi ca, as IERs têm obti do resultados similares ou superiores a outras abordagens complementares em saúde, incluindo redução de sintomas de ansiedade e estresse, diminuição na intensidade do consumo de drogas, menor exaustão emocional em profi ssionais da saúde e uma tendência a menor sintomatologia depressiva. Comoessas intervenções  são heterogêneas, há uma discussão acerca da adequação dos conteúdos das IERs, na tentati va de uniformizar o treinamento dos profi ssionais de saúde e o material ofertado aos pacientes. Notase, também, a necessidade de um cuidado no desenho metodológico desse ti po de intervenção, com a realização de estudos com metodologias mais robustas. A busca e avaliação dessas novas intervenções poderão auxiliar no desenvolvimento de estratégias mais integrati vas, facilitando o tratamento complementar em saúde mental.
Estimulação magnética transcraniana: o que o psiquiatra deve saber?
Authors: Montenegro Maria Cristina , Cantilino Amaury
Published: August 2017

A estimulação magnética transcraniana (EMT) é uma técnica de neuromodulação não invasiva, com efeitos adversos mínimos e poucas contraindicações. O procedimento vem sendo utilizado no arsenal terapêutico dos pacientes com depressão, mostrando benefícios terapêuticos comprovados em pesquisas no mundo todo. O último guideline europeu publicado sobre o tema, em 2014, coloca a EMT repetitiva de alta frequência aplicada no córtex pré-frontal dorsolateral esquerdo para depressão como nível A de evidência (eficácia definida). A técnica foi aprovada pelo Food and Drug Administration nos EUA para tratamento de depressão em 2008 e reconhecida em 2012 pelo Conselho Federal de Medicina como ato médico válido em todo o território nacional.
Estimulação magnética transcraniana de repetição como estratégia de manutenção terapêutica após eletroconvulsoterapia: uma revisão conceitual
Authors: Alves Mercedes Jurema Oliveira
Published: August 2017

O presente texto faz uma revisão das bases teóricas e dos estudos empíricos disponíveis sobre o uso da estimulação magnética transcraniana de repetição como estratégia terapêutica de manutenção após eletroconvulsoterapia. Há quadros psiquiátricos pouco responsivos a quaisquer tipos de tratamentos, inclusive à eletroconvulsoterapia. O texto mostra que a combinação das técnicas é promissora, porém mais estudos são necessários para se definir as indicações precisas e a eficácia em termos de sustentação da resposta terapêutica.
Curso longitudinal do transtorno bipolar
Authors: Kotzian Bruno , Passos Ives Cavalcante , Kapczinski Flávio
Published: August 2017

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Trauma e transtornos do humor: comorbidade com o transtorno de estresse pós-traumático ou sobreposição de sintomas?
Authors: Mello Andrea Feijó , Prado Euthymia B. Almeida
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo discorre sobre a comorbidade entre transtorno bipolar (TB) e transtorno de estresse póstraumático (TEPT) e questiona sobre certos casos serem melhor avaliados à luz das novas teorias do Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), principalmente aqueles quadros de TEPT com sintomas disfóricos que podem ser classificados como TB, apesar de não preencherem critérios para tal. Nesse caso, questiona-se a comorbidade e propõe-se um aprofundamento da fisiopatologia dessa sintomatologia que está sobreposta. Clinicamente, esse olhar poderá facilitar o manejo farmacológico de pacientes graves com histórico de trauma.
Mortalidade prematura por doença cardiovascular no transtorno bipolar: fatores de risco e implicações no tratamento
Authors: Oliveira Vinicius R. de , Almeida Karla Mathias de , Lafer Beny
Published: August 2017

Indivíduos com transtorno bipolar apresentam risco significativo para altas taxas de comorbidade médica com fatores de risco cardiovascular. Doenças cardiovasculares têm sido reconhecidas como a principal causa de morte nessa população. Este artigo sumariza as evidências de associação entre mortalidade cardiovascular e transtorno bipolar, assim como as recomendações para a prevenção e o manejo de hipertensão, dislipidemia, diabetes, obesidade, síndrome metabólica e tabagismo em vigência do tratamento do transtorno bipolar.
Performance Enhancement of Water Insoluble Drugs Using Novel Formulation Technique
Authors: Garg Mukesh , Srivastava B. , Kohli Kanchan , Bedi Simrata , Sharma Pankaj
Published: August 2017

With increasing poorly water soluble drugs in pharmaceutical industry, nanosized formulations is a growing strategy in
increasing the solubility of poorly water soluble drugs. Nanosized formulations are prepared by bottom up, top down, top
down and bottom up, and spray drying. The advantages of using nanoparticles as a drug delivery system include increased
dissolution rate, increased rate of absorption, increased oral bioavailability, rapid effect, improved dose proportionality,
reduction in required dose.
B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Autophagyc Cell Death by the Use of Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Photo-Dynamic Therapy.
Authors: Sandra Peña , H. Marín , Felipe Rodríguez , Marcos Dreon , Gustavo Roque , Luis Núñez , Fransisco Sanchez , Adrian Tarditti , Guillermo Schinella , Luis Pistaccio , Rodolfo Goya , Maria Tau , Thomas Ichim , Neil Riordan , Luis Rivera , Eduardo Mansilla
Published: August 2017

B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL) usually follows an adverse, relentless clinical course by slowly developing drug resistance to fludarabine and other chemotherapeutic agents, as well as by acquiring new different genetic abnormalities. As B-CLL cells spontaneously produce high amounts of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) having an altered redox state in relation to that of normal B lymphocytes, we decided to probe different metal Zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) and quantify the levels of Singlet Oxigen (SO) to see if variations of its intracellular concentrations could execute and accelerate deadly programs in leukemic cells rather than in normal B lymphocytes, when applied with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). In this way, we developed and tested a variety of metal ZnNPs of which one made of 0.5% Manganese Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Mn) was finally selected for further testing as it had the best fludarabine resistant B-CLL cells in vitro killing activity, specially when combined with PDT. An interesting and rapidly dying process of B-CLL cells, known as autophagy, was always seen under Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) when incubated with these 0.5% Mn doped ZnO NPs. This phenomenon correlated well with those intracellular increases of SO when PDT was administered, and measured by a novel method first described by us. As this therapy seems to be very specific to fludarabine resistant B-CLL cells, producing almost no damage to normal lymphocytes, it could surely contribute in the near future as a new innovative targeted strategy to be delivered in the clinical setting for the definitive benefit of these bad prognostic patients.
Evaluation of Biocompatibility of Capsaicin-Loaded Dendrimers on Zebrafish Embryos
Authors: Malar Carlin , . Bavanilathamuthiah
Published: August 2017

Dendrimers are the nano-sized structures which consist of tree-like branches with many functional terminal ends and are the monodisperse macromolecules which contain symmetric branching units built around a small core molecule. The properties and the applications of these structures depend on the functional terminals. One of the important properties of Dendrimers is its solubility which improves the bioavailability of the insoluble drugs and used as a carrier for drug delivery. Capsaicin can be used against many kinds of cancers. In the present study, the dendrimers were synthesized and capsaicin was bound to it. The successful binding of capsaicin onto the dendrimers was confirmed by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The solubility was checked with various solvents and their biocompatibility was evaluated in zebra fish embryos. The results revealed that the prepared dendrimers were biologically compatible in the invivo conditions.
Efficient Loading of cisplatin into Superabsorbent Polymer Microsphere in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Ikeda Kenji , Kobayashi Masahiro , Kawamura Yusuke , Fukushima Taito , Sorin Yushi , Kunimoto Hideo , Hosaka Tetsuya , Saitoh Satoshi , Sezaki Hitomi , Akuta Norio , Suzuki Fumitaka , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Arase Yasuji , Kumad Hiromitsua
Published: August 2017

Background: Although Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) microsphere has been useful in treatment of multiple and large
hepatocellular carcinoma, efficient loading procedure of cisplatin onto SAP was not established. Loading efficiency of
cisplatin was evaluated from the viewpoint of passive concentration gradient and ionic strength.
Methods: To load cisplatin into SAP particle, 50mg of cisplatin powder was dissolved in three manners of aqueous
solutions: (a) 50mg of cisplatin powder plus 35ml of warmed physiological saline solution (0.9%), (b) 5ml of
physiological saline solution (0.9%) plus a half of solution (5ml) of the product made from 50mg of cisplatin powder in
10ml of iohexol 350mgI/ml, and (c) 10ml of iohexol 350mgI/ml plus 0.25ml of 10% NaCl solution
Results: Cisplatin dissolved sufficiently in all the three methods. Average amounts of loaded cisplatin into SAP particles
were 1.7mg in solution (a), 6.6mg in solution (b), and 11.8mg in solution (c). Since alteration of ionic strength in the
method (c) significantly affect the extent of SAP swelling, addition of 0.25ml of 10% NaCl was unquestionably necessary.
Release of cisplatin from SAP was evidently gradual, showing 83.1% after 6 hours in static elution experiment and
68.6% after 1 hour in dynamic elution experiment.
Conclusions: Cisplatin-loaded SAP may act as a drug delivery system for treatment of liver cancer, and loading of
cisplatin should be consciously performed considering cisplatin concentration and ionic strength. (225words)
UNSUR-UNSUR LOKALITAS DALAM NOVEL GALUH HATI KARYA RANDU ALAMSYAH (Locality Elements in Galuh Hati, Novel by Randu Alamsyah)
Authors: Yulianto Agus
Published: August 2017

Galuh Hati, novel written by Randu Alamsyah is one of novels that its background is in South Kalimantan area, especially the diamond mining at Cempaka. Therefore, it’s not surprising that this novel contains local color or people locality. Locality is actually an effort to make literary work down to earth. It makes a reader truly feels-not only physical background-but also a kind of culture system and social portrait from both explicit and implicit texts. The approach used in this research is sociology of literature. The aim of this study is to find out the elements of locality and social criticism in the story. Research problems are how the locality depicted in the novel Galuh Hati and what kind of social criticism found in the story. This study uses descriptive method with a library research. Based on the research, it is found that the locality in the novel includes the title, names of character and the using of local vocabulary in both narrative and dialogue. In addition, locality is also found in place and socio cultural setting.
LEKSIKON KEKERABATAN ETNIK MELAYU PALEMBANG
Authors: Muhidin Rahmat
Published: August 2017

This is research aims to identity and classify the kinship lexicon then explain the role and meaning in Palembang Malay greetings. The research used descriptive method. The technique used was ethnographical interview Palembang Malay ethnic in communicating either in nuclear family based on matchmaking or bloodline (offspring). That research result showed that the role and meaning of lexicon kinship dislayed that the people considered as close relatitive are family. Family relation is both consanguine and afinal. It is categorized into ego aligned, over ego, and below ego. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menjelaskan identitas dan mengklasifikasi leksikon kekerabatan dengan menjabarkan peran dan makna sapaan bahasa Melayu Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan wawancara yang berkaitan secara etnografi. Hasil kajian leksikon kekerabatan bahasa Melayu Palembang di Kota Palembang adalah sebagai berikut: Etnik Melayu Palembang dalam berkomunikasi pada keluarga inti (keluarga batih) berdasarkan pada pertalian darah dan hubungan karena perkawinan. Kategori hubungan itu dapat dikelompokkan menjadi: hubungan sejajar ego/pribadi, di atas ego, dan di bawah ego.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF THE CREDITOR ON FIDUCIARY GUARANTEE OBJECTS UNLISTED IN THE FIDUCIARY REGISTRATION OFFICE
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi
Published: August 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze the legal protection of the creditor and their weaknesses on the fiduciary guarantee objects unlisted in the current Fiduciary Registration Office. This study is a normative legal research or also called doctrinal legal research. This research will use facts that describe the legal protection of the creditor on the fiduciary guarantee objects unlisted in the current fiduciary registration office, the weaknesses of legal protection of the creditor on the fiduciary guarantee objects unlisted in the current fiduciary registration office, and the reconstruction of the legal protection of the creditor on the fiduciary guarantee unlisted in the fiduciary registration office based on the value of justice. The result of the research is that the Government should immediately establish the Supervisory Agency and Execution of Fiduciary Guarantee Objects based on Government Regulation in Lieu of Law and other legislation.
Schleifende Nachbearbeitung additiv gefertigter austenitischer Edelstähle
Authors: Aurich Jan C. , Greco Sebastian , Hotz Hendrik , Zimmermann Marco , Hartig Jörg , Kirsch Benjamin
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Die Bedeutung additiver Fertigungsverfahren in modernen Prozessketten nimmt stetig zu. Trotz der Möglichkeit, endkonturnah zu fertigen, ist zur Einhaltung von Toleranzen und um Kerbwirkungen an der Oberfläche zu vermeiden oft eine spanende Nachbearbeitung notwendig. In diesem Beitrag werden Einflüsse der schleifenden Nachbearbeitung auf unterschiedliche, additiv gefertigte Werkstücke untersucht. Weiterhin wird ein Vergleich mit konventionell hergestellten Bauteilen durchgeführt. Bewertungskriterien sind die Prozesskräfte und die Oberflächenrauheit.
Werkzeugkonzeption für das orthogonale Hochgenauigkeitsdrehfräsen
Authors: Hertel Matthias , Dix Martin , Putz Matthias
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Basierend auf einem geometrischen Prozessmodell des orthogonalen Hochgenauigkeitsdrehfräsens wird in diesem Beitrag eine Werkzeugkonzeption vorgestellt, die eine Fertigung von Mantelflächen höchster Güte an rotationssymmetrischen Bauteilen ermöglicht. Die einstellbaren Werkzeuge werden bei diesem Verfahren speziell auf die Werkstückgeometrie unter Beachtung der Prozessdynamik und des Werkzeugverschleißes angepasst. Ziel ist die Substitution von Rundschleifprozessen durch exzentrisch-orthogonales Drehfräsen und damit die Erweiterung der Komplettbearbeitung von Bauteilen auf Dreh-Fräsbearbeitungszentren.
Zerspanung von additiv hergestelltem Edelstahl
Authors: Aurich Jan C. , Schneider Frank , Kirsch Benjamin , Zimmermann Marco
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Metallische Bauteile werden in immer mehr Industriebereichen durch eine hybride additiv-subtraktive Prozesskette hergestellt. Die Nachbearbeitung additiv gefertigter Bauteile zur Erzeugung geforderter Oberflächenqualitäten und Werkstückgenauigkeiten erfolgt häufig spanend. Für diesen Beitrag wurde analysiert, ob sich ein mittels Selektivem Laserschmelzen (SLM) additiv hergestellter Edelstahl hinsichtlich seiner Zerspanbarkeit von einem durch Strangpressen konventionell hergestellten Edelstahl gleicher Sorte unterscheidet.
Reifegradmodell für Lean Production
Authors: Schwarz Christian , Schmitt Markus
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Viele Unternehmen beschäftigen sich seit Jahren schon mit der Einführung und Etablierung von Lean Production (schlanke Fertigung) oder sie haben es noch vor. Ein solch langfristiges Vorhaben, das mit großem organisatorischen und personellen Aufwand verbunden ist, sollte regelmäßig einer Fortschrittskontrolle unterzogen werden. Dazu eignen sich grundsätzlich Reifegradmodelle. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Reifegradmodell vorgestellt, das erstmals die Implementierung der zahlreichen Lean Production-Methoden mit den Anforderungen an die Unternehmenskultur systematisch verknüpft.
Smarte Kunststoff-Bauteile für Automotive Innovation und Industrie 4.0
Authors: Fox Bronwyn , Bjekovic Robert , Elwert Michael , Middendorf Peter , Ritter Florian , Döbel Christian , Oetting Claus-Christian , Fürderer Klaus , Hardt Maximilian , Rohrmus Dominik
Published: August 2017

Kurzfassung

Labs Network Industrie 4.0 e. V. (LNI) ist ein Partner der Plattform Industrie 4.0. Der vorwettbewerbliche und gemeinnützige Verein dient kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) als Dialog-, Kompetenz- und Experimentierplattform. Über Testfelder können Unternehmen Industrie-4.0-Anwendungen risikolos probieren. In einem Anwendungsfall testen Forscher aus Australien und Deutschland nun gemeinsam den Einsatz von Faserverbundwerkstoffen in der Automobilindustrie. Das Projekt wird im Forschungscampus ARENA2036 umgesetzt.
Role of Ground Glass Fiber as a Pozzolan in Portland Cement Concrete
Authors: Rashidian-Dezfouli Hassan , Rangaraju Prasada Rao
Published: August 2017

Millions of tons of fiberglass are produced annually for a variety of applications. Because of stringent quality requirements and operational characteristics of the manufacturing plants, a significant quantity of fiberglass that does not meet required specifications of the industry ends up as waste in landfills. This study investigated the use of ground glass fiber (GGF) that had been discarded by plants because it did not meet prescribed standards, as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for portland cement. Three replacement levels (10%, 20%, and 30% by mass) for portland cement in paste, mortar, and concrete mixtures were studied. Mechanical and durability properties of the mixtures were compared with two control mixtures: a mixture made up of 100% portland cement and a mixture with 25% Class F fly ash as a cement replacement material. It was observed in these studies that even though replacement of portland cement with GGF did not lead to any significant changes in the mechanical behavior of hardened concrete, there were significant improvements in durability properties at replacement levels up to as high as 20%. The use of GGF was found to improve significantly the resistance of mortar mixtures to alkali–silica reaction and sulfate attack. In addition, the use of GGF as an SCM significantly reduced the chloride ion permeability of concrete. Results of this study show that using GGF as an SCM can result in a better durability performance compared with a mixture with a similar level of Class F fly ash.
Laboratory Evaluation of Sound Absorption Characteristics of Pervious Concrete Pavement Materials
Authors: Chu Longjia , Fwa Tien F. , Tan Kiang H.
Published: August 2017

This paper describes a laboratory study on the sound absorption characteristics of clogged and unclogged pervious concrete (PC) pavement materials compared with those of porous asphalt (PA) mixtures and those of conventional dense-graded asphalt and portland cement concrete pavement materials. Examined in this study were the effects of the mixtures’ initial porosity on their sound absorption characteristics and how these characteristics were affected by subsequent clogging of the mixtures. Four porosity levels of PC and PA were studied: 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. The mixtures with 20% porosity were tested for the effects of clogging. The test results showed that the shapes of sound absorption spectra of PC and PA materials were similar displayed high sound absorption values within the frequency range of 250 to 1,000 Hz. However, for all four porosity levels studied, the PC materials produced about 0.1 or 20% higher sound absorption coefficient values throughout the entire measured frequency range from 100 to 2,500 Hz. The same order of magnitude of differences in the sound absorption values between PC and PA was also observed in their clogged states. The finding that PC exhibits a better sound absorption capability than PA is of practical significance. The results of this study also demonstrate that laboratory testing of sound absorption can be employed to provide a useful indicative assessment of the noise reduction properties of porous pavement materials without the need for full-scale field testing.
Socio-demographic Profile and Drug Sensitivity Pattern of Suspected Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Patients in Regional Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (R.T.R.L) of a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Khatun Ummay Fatema , Amin Robed , Islam Muna , Rob Abdur , Rahim Abdur
Published: August 2017

Background: Drug resistant tuberculosis has been reported in all regions of the world. In this study we address the socio-demographic profile and drug sensitivity pattern as well as prevalence of drug resistance tuberculosis in a tertiary center (regional TB reference laboratory) in Bangladesh.Method: This Study was carried out in R.T.R.L. (Regional TB Reference Laboratory) in 250 bedded Chittagong General Hospital. Patients who were referred to R.T.R.L during the period July 2012 to July 2013 were included in the study. Total 100 patients with suspected drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) who had any one of 9 criteria of NTP (National Tuberculosis Control Programme) were selected consecutively. Gene xpert MTB/RIF (Rifampicin resistance) test for all sputum positive cases were performed. Sputum sample of Patients with positive microscopy for AFB or positive Xpert/MTB was sent for culture. The samples with positive sputum culture were sent for drug sensitivity test for 1st line anti- tubercular drug.Result: Among 100 patients 78 were male and 22 were female, majority of the patients (64) were between 15-45 years with poor socio economic condition (73%) and primarily educated. Analysis of our Study result showed that 18% of patients were mono-drug resistant. Among them 13% showed resistance to isoniazid (INH), 4% to streptomycin and only 2% to rifampicin. No patient was found resistant to pyrazinamide (PNZ) and 38% of patient with suspected drug  resistant TB was found to have no drug resistance. 18% of patient had multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among which 56% were relapse cases (48% after cat -I, 8% after cat II), 24% were non  converter of cat I, 12% belonged to failure of cat I, 3% failure of cat II, 2% return after default and others. 1% of patient had history of contact with MDR TB patient.Conclusion: Drug-resistance tuberculosis especially MDR-TB, was higher in patients with previously incomplete anti-tuberculosis treatment. A high level of drug resistance among the re-treatment TB patients poses a threat of transmission of resistant strains to susceptible persons in the community. For this reason proper counseling of patients and attention towards the completion of the anti-TB treatment are needed.J MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 62-67
Trapezius Contracture and Loss of Strength
Authors: Zubero Eduardo Esteban , Ordás Jara Gayán , Martí Ana Suller , Sahún Cristina Ana Baquer , Ruiz Ruiz Francisco José
Published: August 2017

Musculoskeletal pathology is common in primary care, but not always have a trivial origin. According to the symptoms and comorbidities of the patient, these pathologies have to make us think if is possible to be a guiding symptom of a more severe pathology. That is why we present the case of a young woman with cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, smoking, obesity and sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome) with pain at left trapezius and motor and sensory clinical alterations in left upper extremity. These comorbidities have in common their relationship with cerebrovascular pathology so, given the concomitant clinical musculoskeletal, we need to suspect this cause, as was in this case.J MEDICINE July 2017; 18 (2) : 113-114
Editorial of the Special Issue: Oncolytic Viruses as a Novel Form of Immunotherapy for Cancer
Authors: Guo Zong , Bartlett David
Published: August 2017

Oncolytic viruses (OVs), either occurring naturally or through genetic engineering, can selectively infect, replicate in, and kill cancer cells, while leaving normal cells (almost) unharmed [...]
A Three-Part Electricity Price Mechanism for Photovoltaic-Battery Energy Storage Power Plants Considering the Power Quality and Ancillary Service
Authors: Gao Yajing , Xue Fushen , Yang Wenhai , Sun Yanping , Sun Yongjian , Liang Haifeng , Li Peng
Published: August 2017

To solve the problem of solar abandoning, which is accompanied by the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) power generation, a demonstration of a photovoltaic-battery energy storage system (PV-BESS) power plant has been constructed in Qinghai province in China. However, it is difficult for the PV-BESS power plant to survive and develop with the current electricity price mechanism and subsidy policy. In this paper, a three-part electricity price mechanism is proposed based on a deep analysis of the construction and operation costs and economic income. The on-grid electricity price is divided into three parts: the capacity price, graded electricity price, and ancillary service price. First, to ensure that the investment of the PV-BESS power plant would achieve the industry benchmark income, the capacity price and benchmark electricity price are calculated using the discounted cash flow method. Then, the graded electricity price is calculated according to the grade of the quality of grid-connected power. Finally, the ancillary service price is calculated based on the graded electricity price and ancillary service compensation. The case studies verify the validity of the three-part electricity price mechanism. The verification shows that the three-part electricity price mechanism can help PV-BESS power plants to obtain good economic returns, which can promote the development of PV-BESS power plants.
Development of Sessile Oak and European Hornbeam Sprouts after Thinning
Authors: Adamec Zdeněk , Kadavý Jan , Fedorová Barbora , Knott Robert , Kneifl Michal , Drápela Karel
Published: August 2017

We observed the growth of juvenile sprouts at stool level in an oak-hornbeam selective coppice after selective thinning. We tested the relations of sprouting probability, number and height of new sprouts, and stool biometric characteristics with thinning intensity and light conditions. We compared the results between the two species. The sprouting probability, number of new sprouts, and height of new sprouts were modelled using different types of regression (logistic, generalized linear, and multiple linear regression) evaluated from 84 sessile oak (Quercus petraea Matt. Liebl.) and 139 European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) stools with the same site conditions. There were no significant relations between sprouting probability and the tested parameters because nearly all stools re-sprouted. The growth (number and height) of new sprouts depended on the stool basal area before thinning and on thinning intensity. Light conditions (indirect site factor) only influenced the number of new European hornbeam sprouts in 2016 and the height of new sessile oak sprouts. The number of new sprouts in European hornbeam was higher than in sessile oak.
Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Action of Cinnamon and Oregano Oils, Cinnamaldehyde, Carvacrol, 2,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 2-Hydroxy-5-Methoxybenzaldehyde against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map)
Authors: Nowotarska Stella , Nowotarski Krzysztof , Grant Irene , Elliott Christopher , Friedman Mendel , Situ Chen
Published: August 2017

The antimicrobial modes of action of six naturally occurring compounds, cinnamon oil, cinnamaldehyde, oregano oil, carvacrol, 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde, previously found to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) reported to infect food animals and humans and to be present in milk, cheese, and meat, were investigated. The incubation of Map cultures in the presence of all six compounds caused phosphate ions to leak into the extracellular environment in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Cinnamon oil and cinnamaldehyde decreased the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration of Map cells, whereas oregano oil and carvacrol caused an initial decrease of intracellular ATP concentration that was restored gradually after incubation at 37 °C for 2 h. Neither 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde nor 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde had a significant effect on intracellular ATP concentration. None of the compounds tested were found to cause leakage of ATP to the extracellular environment. Monolayer studies involving a Langmuir trough apparatus revealed that all anti-Map compounds, especially the essential oil compounds, altered the molecular packing characteristics of phospholipid molecules of model membranes, causing fluidization. The results of the physicochemical model microbial membrane studies suggest that the destruction of the pathogenic bacteria might be associated with the disruption of the bacterial cell membrane.
Inventions 2017 Best Paper Award
Authors:   Inventions Editorial Office
Published: August 2017

Inventions is instituting an annual award to recognize the outstanding papers published in the journal.[...]
Experimental Study on the Effect of Pretreatment with High-Voltage Electrical Pulses on Mineral Liberation and Separation of Magnetite Ore
Authors: Gao Peng , Yuan Shuai , Han Yuexin , Li Yanjun , Chen Hongyun
Published: August 2017

High-voltage electrical pulses (HVEP) technology was applied in grinding of a magnetite ore as a comminution pretreatment. The effect of HVEP pretreatment on grindability, liberation and separation performance of a magnetite ore was investigated by a systematic experimental study. The results showed that the pretreatment of high-voltage electrical pulses created some intergranular microcracks inside the ore, reduced the mechanical strength and improved liberation. This gave the additional advantage of further breakage,thereby reducing the energy consumption and grinding time. In addition, the HVEP pretreatment before grinding was potentially beneficial in the recovery of the liberated minerals in the subsequent magnetic separation.
Preclinical Assessment of a 68Ga-DOTA-Functionalized Depsipeptide as a Radiodiagnostic Infection Imaging Agent
Authors: Ebenhan Thomas , Mokaleng Botshelo , Venter Jacobus , Kruger Hendrik , Zeevaart Jan , Sathekge Mike
Published: August 2017

The study assessed a radiolabeled depsipeptide conjugate (68Ga-DOTA-TBIA101) for its potential as an imaging agent targeting infection or infection-associated inflammation. 68Ga-labeled DOTA-TBIA101 imaging was performed in (NZR1) healthy rabbits; (NZR2) rabbits bearing muscular sterile inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infection; and (NZR3) rabbits infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) combined with a subcutaneous scruff infection of SA in the same animal. All animals were imaged using a PET/CT scanner at 5 and 60 min post injection. Images showed elevated accumulation of 68Ga-DOTA-TBIA101 in the sterile muscular inflammation site (T/NT ratio = 2.6 ± 0.37 (5 min) and 2.8 ± 2.3 (60 min)) and muscles infected with MTB (T/NT ratio = 2.6 ± 0.35 (5 min) and 2.8 ± 0.16 (60 min)). The findings suggest that 68Ga-DOTA-TBIA101-PET/CT may detect MTB-associated inflammation, although more foundational studies need to be performed to rationalize the diagnostic value of this technique.
Homoisoflavonoids and Chalcones Isolated from Haematoxylum campechianum L., with Spasmolytic Activity
Authors: Escobar-Ramos Armando , Lobato-García Carlos , Zamilpa Alejandro , Gómez-Rivera Abraham , Tortoriello Jaime , González-Cortazar Manasés
Published: August 2017

Haematoxylum campechianum is a medicinal plant employed as an astringent to purify the blood and to treat stomach problems such as diarrhea and dysentery. A bio-guided chemical fractionation of the methanolic extract obtained from this plant allowed for the isolation of five compounds: two chalcones known as sappanchalcone (1); 3-deoxysappanchalcone (2); three homoisoflavonoids known as hematoxylol A (3); 4-O-methylhematoxylol (4); and, hematoxin (5). The spasmolytic activity was determined in an in vitro model (electrically induced contractions of guinea pig ileum), and allowed to demonstrate that the methanolic extract (EC50 = 62.11 ± 3.23) fractions HcF7 (EC50 = 61.75 ± 3.55) and HcF9 (EC50 = 125.5 ± 10.65) and compounds 1 (EC50 = 16.06 ± 2.15) and 2 (EC50 = 25.37 ± 3.47) of Haematoxylum campechianum present significant relaxing activity as compared to papaverine (EC50 = 20.08 ± 2.0) as a positive control.
Copolyesters Based on 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid (FDCA): Effect of 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-Cyclobutanediol Units on Their Properties
Authors: Wang Jinggang , Liu Xiaoqing , Zhu Jin , Jiang Yanhua
Published: August 2017

Bio-based polyesters derived from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), including poly (ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF), poly(propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PPF), and poly(butylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PBF) have been synthesized and modified with 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO). Copolyesters with increased glass transition temperature, good barrier and better mechanical properties, as well as higher transparency were reported in this work. The chemical structures, composition, and sequence distribution of the copolyesters were determined by 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The degree of random (R) was close to 1 for all the copolyesters, indicating their random chemical structures. With the introduction of 10% CBDO units, the semi-crystalline PEF and PPF were changed into completely amorphous polyesters and the higher transparency was easily achieved. The glass transition temperature was increased from 87 °C for PEF to 91.1 °C for PETF-18, from 55.5 °C for PPF to 63.5 °C for PPTF-18, and from 39.0 °C for PBF to 43.5 °C for PBTF-18. The barrier properties investigation demonstrated that although the O2 and CO2 barrier of PEF/PPF/PBF were decreased by the addition of CBDO units, the modified copolyesters still showed good barrier properties.
Size Controlled Copper (I) Oxide Nanoparticles Influence Sensitivity of Glucose Biosensor
Authors: Lan Tian , Fallatah Ahmad , Suiter Elliot , Padalkar Sonal
Published: August 2017

Copper (I) oxide (Cu2O) is an appealing semiconducting oxide with potential applications in various fields ranging from photovoltaics to biosensing. The precise control of size and shape of Cu2O nanostructures has been an area of intense research. Here, the electrodeposition of Cu2O nanoparticles is presented with precise size variations by utilizing ethylenediamine (EDA) as a size controlling agent. The size of the Cu2O nanoparticles was successfully varied between 54.09 nm to 966.97 nm by changing the concentration of EDA in the electrolytic bath during electrodeposition. The large surface area of the Cu2O nanoparticles present an attractive platform for immobilizing glucose oxidase for glucose biosensing. The fabricated enzymatic biosensor exhibited a rapid response time of <2 s. The limit of detection was 0.1 μM and the sensitivity of the glucose biosensor was 1.54 mA/cm2. mM. The Cu2O nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
An Overview on Recent Progress in Electrochemical Biosensors for Antimicrobial Drug Residues in Animal-Derived Food
Authors: Majdinasab Marjan , Yaqub Mustansara , Rahim Abdur , Catanante Gaelle , Hayat Akhtar , Marty Jean
Published: August 2017

Anti-microbial drugs are widely employed for the treatment and cure of diseases in animals, promotion of animal growth, and feed efficiency. However, the scientific literature has indicated the possible presence of antimicrobial drug residues in animal-derived food, making it one of the key public concerns for food safety. Therefore, it is highly desirable to design fast and accurate methodologies to monitor antimicrobial drug residues in animal-derived food. Legislation is in place in many countries to ensure antimicrobial drug residue quantities are less than the maximum residue limits (MRL) defined on the basis of food safety. In this context, the recent years have witnessed a special interest in the field of electrochemical biosensors for food safety, based on their unique analytical features. This review article is focused on the recent progress in the domain of electrochemical biosensors to monitor antimicrobial drug residues in animal-derived food.
Fuzzy Modelling for Human Dynamics Based on Online Social Networks
Authors: Cuenca-Jara Jesus , Terroso-Saenz Fernando , Valdes-Vela Mercedes , Skarmeta Antonio
Published: August 2017

Human mobility mining has attracted a lot of attention in the research community due to its multiple implications in the provisioning of innovative services for large metropolises. In this scope, Online Social Networks (OSN) have arisen as a promising source of location data to come up with new mobility models. However, the human nature of this data makes it rather noisy and inaccurate. In order to deal with such limitations, the present work introduces a framework for human mobility mining based on fuzzy logic. Firstly, a fuzzy clustering algorithm extracts the most active OSN areas at different time periods. Next, such clusters are the building blocks to compose mobility patterns. Furthermore, a location prediction service based on a fuzzy rule classifier has been developed on top of the framework. Finally, both the framework and the predictor has been tested with a Twitter and Flickr dataset in two large cities.
A Mobile Outdoor Augmented Reality Method Combining Deep Learning Object Detection and Spatial Relationships for Geovisualization
Authors: Rao Jinmeng , Qiao Yanjun , Ren Fu , Wang Junxing , Du Qingyun
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to develop a robust, fast and markerless mobile augmented reality method for registration, geovisualization and interaction in uncontrolled outdoor environments. We propose a lightweight deep-learning-based object detection approach for mobile or embedded devices; the vision-based detection results of this approach are combined with spatial relationships by means of the host device’s built-in Global Positioning System receiver, Inertial Measurement Unit and magnetometer. Virtual objects generated based on geospatial information are precisely registered in the real world, and an interaction method based on touch gestures is implemented. The entire method is independent of the network to ensure robustness to poor signal conditions. A prototype system was developed and tested on the Wuhan University campus to evaluate the method and validate its results. The findings demonstrate that our method achieves a high detection accuracy, stable geovisualization results and interaction.
Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Park JungHyun , Park Hue
Published: August 2017

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been used as a treatment for excessive muscle stiffness, spasticity, and dystonia. BoNT for approximately 40 years, and has recently been used to treat various types of neuropathic pain. The mechanism by which BoNT acts on neuropathic pain involves inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators and peripheral neurotransmitters from sensory nerves. Recent journals have demonstrated that BoNT is effective for neuropathic pain, such as postherpetic neuralgia, trigeminal neuralgia, and peripheral neuralgia. The purpose of this review is to summarize the experimental and clinical evidence of the mechanism by which BoNT acts on various types of neuropathic pain and describe why BoNT can be applied as treatment. The PubMed database was searched from 1988 to May 2017. Recent studies have demonstrated that BoNT injections are effective treatments for post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, and intractable neuropathic pain, such as poststroke pain and spinal cord injury.
Barcoded NS31/AML2 primers for sequencing of arbuscular mycorrhizal communities in environmental samples
Authors: Morgan Benjamin S. T. , Egerton‐Warburton Louise M.
Published: August 2017

Premise of the study:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are globally important root symbioses that enhance plant growth and nutrition and influence ecosystem structure and function. To better characterize levels of AMF diversity relevant to ecosystem function, deeper sequencing depth in environmental samples is needed. In this study, Illumina barcoded primers and a bioinformatics pipeline were developed and applied to study AMF diversity and community structure in environmental samples.

Methods:

Libraries of small subunit ribosomal RNA fragment amplicons were amplified from environmental DNA using a single‐step PCR reaction with barcoded NS31/AML2 primers. Amplicons were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq sequencer using version 2, 2 × 250‐bp paired‐end chemistry, and analyzed using QIIME and RDP Classifier.

Results:

Sequencing captured 196 to 6416 operational taxonomic units (OTUs; depending on clustering parameters) representing nine AMF genera. Regardless of clustering parameters, ∼20 OTUs dominated AMF communities (78–87% reads) with the remaining reads distributed among other OTUs. Analyses also showed significant biogeographic differences in AMF communities and that community composition could be linked to specific edaphic factors.

Discussion:

Barcoded NS31/AML2 primers and Illumina MiSeq sequencing provide a powerful approach to address AMF diversity and variations in fungal assemblages across host plants, ecosystems, and responses to environmental drivers including global change.