bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method of Designing a Distortion Gauze for Testing a Boundary Layer Ingesting Fan
Authors: Kwiatkowski Tomasz , Sieradzki Adam , Łukasik Borys
Published: March 2022

As global trends aim to reduce emissions of pollutants, boundary layer ingesting (BLI) propulsions are attracting more and more attention. As such, N+2 generation aircraft with propulsion placed in the aft of the aircraft are gaining in popularity. The boundary layer is formed on the fuselage before entering the engine located in the aft of the aircraft. Due to significant difficulties in performing experimental tests of BLI propulsors with full-size aircraft, distortion gauzes are one of the methods to provide the desired air velocity profile at the inlet. This paper describes a novel method of designing such gauzes, a topic which is not well covered in the existing literature. In the first stage of the presented method, single orifices of different sizes were calculated using CFD tools. The relationship between their size and the gauze resistance coefficient was identified, making it possible to model the distortion gauze using porous media. An iterative approach was used to design a gauze that meets the requirements. This is, to our knowledge, the first distortion gauze design description where a porous media model has been used. Experimental tests demonstrated that the produced distortion gauze yields a velocity profile comparable to the desired one. This indicates the great potential of using the presented approach in further research on boundary layer ingesting propulsions. It offers an opportunity to reduce substantially both the costs of experimental research and the time required to design a distortion-tolerant fan.
Solving a Certain Two-Alternative Problem in the Optimal Organization of Aviation Transportation in Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors: Goncharenko Andriy Viktorovich
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes a solution to a certain two-alternative problem of aviation transportation optimal organization in conditions of uncertainty of the subjective preference functions. Conditional optimization of the objective functional containing the entropy of the individuals’ operational effectiveness functions preferences is carried out in the framework of the simplest variational problem. The advantages of the described optimization approach are demonstrated in the generalized terms of the operational effectiveness functions for aviation transportation organization.
The Development of Science Teaching Materials Based on the PjBL-STEM Model and ESD Approach on Environmental Pollution Materials
Authors: Setyowati* Yeni , Kaniawati Ida , Sriyati Siti , Nurlaelah Elah , Hernani Hernani
Published: March 2022

Critical thinking skills and sustainability consciousness are competencies that students need to have to face the challenges of the 21st century and can be developed through appropriate learning activities and teaching materials. Unfortunately, teachers do not have the right guidelines and teaching materials to implement learning activities that develop those competencies. This study aims to develop science teaching materials with the PjBL-STEM learning model and education for sustainable development (ESD) approach on environmental pollution material to enhance critical thinking skill and sustainability consciousness of junior high school student in class VII. The teaching materials developed in this study are Lesson Plans, Worksheets, and assessment for critical thinking skill and sustainability consciousness. The research method used in developing the product is research and development (R D). While the RD research model used is the four-D development model. The four-D development model has several stage, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. This study solely reached the development stage. The feasibility test was carried out by the experts. The data were analized using percentage of the product eligibility in the validation form. Based on the results of the feasibility validation, the critical thinking skill asessment validation received a percentage value of 85% with very feasible criteria and sustainability consciousness asessment validation received a percentage value of  97% with very feasible criteria. The finding of the research indicate that the teaching material developed is valid and eligible to use.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES AND FORMS OF GLYCOLURYL ON SUGAR BEET PLANTS
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, Sotnikov B.A. , Kravchenko V.A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University, Tsykalov A.N. ,   Scientific Agroservice Strube Rus
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to compare the results of laboratory experience with sunflower on the ef-fect of different doses and forms of glycoluryl on the development of the aboveground and under-ground parts of the plant. The results of the experiment show a difference in the development of plant organs on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day, depending on the dose of the drug being administered, as well as the form of its application. Glycoluryl had a positive effect on the germination of sugar beet plants. The introduction of glycoluryl in liquid and solid form allowed sugar beet plants to form a large mass of 100 seedlings. The best effect on the germination and weight of 100 sugar beet seedlings was shown by variants with the introduction of glycoluryl in the norm of 100 kg / ha and its solution in the nomes of 50 and 100 kg /ha. According to the length of the plants, there was no significant difference between the control and the variants with the introduction of glyco-luryl in solid and liquid form.
Diversity in Österreichs Redaktionen
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Andy , Lugschitz Renée
Published: March 2022

Die Forderung nach Diversity ist ins Zentrum des Diskurses um die gesellschaftliche Relevanz von Journalismus gerückt, auch in Österreich. In diesem Beitrag untersuchen wir die Diversität in österreichischen Newsrooms unter dem Aspekt der Ethnizität. Empirische Ausgangsbasis bieten die von Medienhaus Wien und dem CMC-Institut der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften / Universität Klagenfurt durchgeführte Gesamterhebung 2018/19 von JournalistInnen in Österreich und 501 repräsentative CAT-Interviews. Die Daten-Auswertung ergibt, dass JournalistInnen mit nicht-deutschsprachigem Migrationshintergrund in Österreichs Redaktionen eklatant unterrepräsentiert sind. Weiters identifizieren wir sowohl relevante Unterschiede bei soziodemografischen Merkmalen wie Geschlechterverhältnis, Alter und Ausbildung als auch im Rollenverständnis zwischen JournalistInnen mit nicht-deutschsprachigem Migrationshintergrund und ihren KollegInnen ohne Migrationshintergrund. Diese Ergebnisse der Datenauswertung werden, anhand von qualitativen Interviews mit Medienmanagements und JournalistInnen, dem Problembewusstsein im Branchendiskurs gegenübergestellt. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die homogene Zusammensetzung von Newsrooms zwar zunehmend als Mangel erkannt wird, entsprechende Lösungsstrategien aber erst in Ansätzen vorhanden sind.
Demonstrativos de kinds: sobre alguns usos de “aquele/aquela” no português brasileiro
Authors: Teixeira Lovania Roehrig , Basso Renato Miguel
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir usos de demonstrativos do Português Brasileiro ainda não analisados na literatura, os demonstrativos de kinds (DK), da forma “aquele(a) N”. Esses itens se diferenciam dos usos anafóricos e dêiticos dos demonstrativos, além dos usos NDNS (WOLTER, 2006; KING, 2001), indefinidos (WOLTER, 2006; ABBOTT, 2010; PRINCE, 1981;), emotivos (WOLTER, 2006; LAKOFF, 1974) e dêitico-discursivos (ROBERTS, 2002) por se referirem a kinds, isto é, a espécies ou a tipos indicados pelo nominal. Desse modo, o que é compartilhado por ambos os interlocutores é um tipo, espécie ou kind expresso pelo nominal e não um referente único determinado. Isso resulta do fato de os DKs não preservarem familiaridade no nível dos indivíduos, mas sim no nível dos kinds, e por isso podemos considerar DKs como definidos. Além disso, os DKs se referem a kinds altos na escala, isto é, a exemplos exemplares de kinds. Assim, DKs se referem a kinds que (i) não apresentam unicidade e familiaridade no nível dos indivíduos ordinários, e (ii) não se referem a qualquer instanciação do kind referido, mas sim a instanciações que, para um dado interlocutor, são exemplares e, por isso, estão posicionadas no alto na escala de bons exemplos do kind relevante.
Trees Are Gods: The Sanctification of Forests in the Traditional Worldview of the Co Tu People in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thi Mai An.
Published: March 2022

Purpose. Co Tu is one of the ethnic minorities among the 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam that still boldly preserve their cultural values. They live in the mountainous areas of the Annamite Range, Vietnam where they depend on the forest for their livelihood. The people attach great importance to trees and forests. In their traditional worldview, trees are not merely immovable objects but have hidden souls. Trees are called abhui whose souls mainly inhabit the forest. Those residing in any tree have the same characteristics as that tree. Tree souls can protect people but can also harm them. By using primary and secondary documents obtained during the years 2009–2020, focusing on 2017–2019; emic, etic, and direct field trip methods as the unstructured in-depth interview, semi-structured interview, and group discussions, we want to approach the ethnic minority’s way of thinking and learn about the relationship between the ethnic group and the plant world.Results. Trees have been personified as gods, and from that respect, the people have also sanctified forests and created customary law to protect forests, i.e., tree souls, the sacredness of forests.Conclusion. In promoting relationships with nature, protecting and preserving the environment, these indigenous practices are a very positive form that should be encouraged.
Paleolithic Site Tri Skaly in Western Transbaikalia as a Hunter-Gatherers’ Base Camp
Authors: Antonova Yu. E. , Tashak V. I. , Klementiev A. M.
Published: March 2022

Purpose. In 2015 a new archaeological site Tri Skaly were found in the lower part of the Khilock River basin (Western Transbaikalia). This site is of a large interest in the sense of investigations concerned early stages of the Upper Palaeolithic in Transbaikal, because it is westernmost among similar sites and located in the area where such sites were not known earlier. The purpose of this investigation is defining the functional purpose of the ancient settlement. Discrete approach to the data analysis lead to the controversial conclusions. The article presents the results of the complex approach to the investigations of palaeolithic cultural horizons at Tri Skaly archaeological site.Results. In the Tri Skaly collection the most representative and various part of the archaeological finds consists of the stone artifacts typical for the early Upper Paleolithic period. On the basis of the stone industry consideration the affinity with the Tolbaga culture’s Paleolithic sites is proposed; it is reflected in the production of tools on the large blades. The well-investigated sites of this culture show the representative toolkit and the multi-way economic activity at the ancient settlement. The obvious predominance of primary knapping products over retouched items suggests the use of the area as a workshop, or camp workshop if we take into consideration the presence of some structural elements of the cultural horizon. Paleontological materials demonstrate the overwhelming majority of the Equus Ferus bones, the distal ends of the legs. This fact leads to the conclusion that this area was used as the kill and butchering site. At the same time, we have evidence that allows us to interpret bones as possible kitchen debris, not only wastes from butchering. In addition, a toolkit includes various types of tools related to different activities.Conclusion. The detailed analysis and synthesis of all available components from the Paleolithic site Tri Skaly (stone industry, palaeontological finds) evidence about multi-way economic activity here in Upper Palaeolithic. Based on this we conclude Tri Skaly site is a periodically used base hunting camp with a full cycle of stone processing and tool production and evidences of non-utilitarian activity.
The Upper Palaeolithic Bone Needle Cases of Siberia: An Overview
Authors: Fedorchenko A. Yu. , Belousova N. E. , Kozlikin M. B. , Shunkov M. V.
Published: March 2022

Purpose. Needle cases belong to “passive” bone tools, which store thin bone tools such as eyed needles or awls. Being an essential element of the technology of sewing complex clothing, needle cases and needles act as a marker of technological innovations, the spread of which in the Upper Palaeolithic contributed to the active population of the territory of Northern Eurasia. This study's objectives were to analyse and systematise published and archived data on the Upper Palaeolithic needle cases of Siberia and generalise the available information on the problems of interpreting the considered category of sewing kits, their archaeological, technological, cultural and chronological contexts.Results. The study results clearly show that the finds of bone needle cases have been identified and analysed in the materials of a minimal number of archaeological sites with different chronologies and associated with several cultural generations of the Upper Palaeolithic. Bone needle cases of Siberian sites, separated by hundreds and thousands of kilometres, show noticeable similarities in size, morphology, production technology, and ornamentation methods.Conclusion. Appearing for the first time in the Early Upper Palaeolithic, they are rare in Siberian sites and do not always accompany even mass finds of needles.
New Data on the Rock Paintings of Eastern Pamir
Authors: Zotkina L. V. , Bobomulloev B. S. , Solodeynikov A. K. , Abolonkova I. V. , Shnayder S. V. , Sayfuloev N. N.
Published: March 2022

Purpose. Until recently, it was thought that colonization of the highlands of Pamir by humans had started in the early Holocene. But some recent investigations, especially dating of well-stratified archeological sites such as Istyk cave, demonstrate that humans appeared in the region in the late Pleistocene period. One of the important pieces of evidence of humankind's presence in an area all around the world is the rock art. Despite that there are no direct comparisons to rock art of East Pamir, V. A. Ranov considered rock art sites of Shakhty, Kurteke and Nayzatash belonging to the Stone Age.Results. We started redocumenting known rock art sites, using our experience and new technological approaches, which was beyond reach for V. A. Ranov and other investigators of 20th century. Also, some new rock art locations were found in the same area, and they gave us quite different graphical representations than those that were discovered in the middle of 20th century. One of the most urgent problems to solve for us is finding parallels to zoomorphic depictions and to the non-figurative ones in nearby regions and in other areas of rock art distribution. And still, we obviously know just a few samples of rock art varieties that existed in the East Pamir. Some of them were ruined due to natural factors, some of them could still be waiting to be discovered.Conclusion. So far, we are just in the beginning of the next stage of investigation of the East Pamir rock art and archeological remains as evidence of human presence in the region.
Settlement Complexes of the Paleometall Era and the Middle Ages in the Upper Reaches of the Kulunigyi River (Basin of the Bolshoi Yugan River, KhMAO – Yugra)
Authors: Bychkov D. A. , Ponomoreva T. M.
Published: March 2022

Purpose. There are many secluded corners in the northern part of Western Siberia. The routes of modern explorers are determined by economic development projects and do not always cover remote areas. Archaeological exploration in the upper reaches of the Kulunigyi River made it possible to discover archaeological materials and objects – fragments of ceramic vessels on the territory of two settlement complexes. These materials made it possible to characterize the settlement complexes in terms of their cultural and chronological affiliation. This article is devoted to solving this problem.Results. This article publishes archaeological materials originating from poorly explored territories. The analysis of materials is carried out by comparison using the analogy method. As a result, links with archaeological complexes located on the Barsova Gora near the city of Surgut are determined. These connections point to the time of the formation and development of the settlement complexes to which this article is devoted. Analysis of the location of archaeological materials on the territory of the studied settlement complexes made it possible to determine the morphological features of ruined structures that were erected at different stages of the development of this territory.Conclusion. At present, the object complexes from the Barsova Gora occupy a central place in the material culture of the ancient societies of the Middle Ob region. Because the Barsova Gora stow is the cultural and geographical center of this ancient oecumene. The materials published in this article reflect the forms of the same cultural phenomena, but on the periphery of the habitat of its carriers. This conclusion is very important for understanding the variability of ancient cultures in the vast area of the Middle Ob region. At the same time, we determine the main morphological characteristics of the settlement complexes that arose in the study area during the Eneolithic, Early Iron Age, and the Middle Ages. This information will be very useful when conducting archaeological exploration in the future.
Demand Forecasting in World Rare Earth Metals Market
Authors: Yatsenko V. A. , Lebedeva M. E.
Published: March 2022

The rare earth metals (REM) market is relatively young, because its rapid development began only in the middle of the 20th century. Since then, global demand has been constantly growing with the development of human society, scientific and technological progress. This leads to an increase in production volumes at existing fields, new projects for the development of rare earth mineral resources are emerging all over the world, strategic reserves of raw materials are being created in countries with a developed high-tech industry in the conditions of China’s monopoly on the market. Therefore, it is important to understand the balance and dynamics of supply and demand in the REM market in the long term. Will manufacturers be able to increase capacity to meet the rapidly growing demand? What volume of REM will be in demand in the future, what is the structure of this demand?In this paper, demand forecasting in the global REM market up to 2050 is carried out on the basis of different scenarios. Estimates of the future level of demand were based on historical data in the context of consumption sectors. The forecasts results of three scenarios were compared: the exponential demand dynamics based on complete historical data, the continuation of the linear trend of the last decade using a regression model, and, finally, the inclusion in the regression model of forecast estimates of the growing demand for REM from the “green energy”, which are based on the report “The Role of CriticalMinerals in Clean Energy Transitions” of the International Energy Agency. Based on the results, an interval of forecast values of global demand for REM has been obtained, which can be satisfied by manufacturing companies from the supply side for the next 15–20 years (including domestic ones). However, there may be a shortage of some rare earth elements that are so in demand for the transition to “green energy”.
Changing Internet Practices of Urban Youth during the Pandemic (On Example of Novosibirsk)
Authors: Ivanova V. V. , Shishkin А. V.
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes a topical topic dedicated to changing the Internet practices of urban youth in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The purpose of the study is to identify changes in Internet practices and their components among young people living in the city of Novosibirsk in a pandemic. The relevance, as well as scientific novelty, of research is caused by such a phenomenon as a pandemic, as a result of which there has been a change in the preferences of using the Internet among young people. Talking about the relevance, it should be mentioned that in a pandemic, the Internet provides the basis for the emergence of new and transformation of old Internet practices. In addition, the number of sociological studies studying the life of people before and after the pandemic and the role of the Internet in the changed living conditions under the influence of the pandemic has increased recently, since this is one of the relevant and important topics for discussion in the scientific community. Based on the data from the RCSPO polls for 2018 and 2020, the context of the situation under study was described. Through a series of face-to-face and online interviews (conducted in 2021) with young people aged 18– 24 living in Novosibirsk, the most subject to change were identified aspects of the implementation of Internet practices in the context of the pandemic. The study revealed a change in the structural elements of Internet practices after the pandemic and the emergence of new goals for using the Internet. The results of the study confirm the thesis about the emergence of a “new reality” and show how young people adapt to it.
The Estimation of Various Shocks Influence on the Dynamics of Russian Macroeconomic Indicators in 2014–2018
Authors: Dzyuba Yu. A. , Kolyuzhnov Dmitriy
Published: March 2022

stract In this paper, we analyze the influence of various macroeconomic shocks caused by anti-Russian sanctions and a sharp decrease in the hydrocarbon prices in the middle of the last decade. We estimate the total loss in the economy and identify the shocks that provoked the decline in GDP and the increase in inflation from 2014 to 2018 using the DSGE approach and the obtained historical decompositions. According to the calculations, the inflation growth from 2014 to 2015 can be interpreted as the sum of the adverse effects of the change in household preferences, and the shock in oil prices. The observed GDP decline from the second quarter of 2014 to the third quarter of 2015 is explained by the synergistic effect of monetary policy shocks and the sharp drop in oil prices. According to our calculations, the total loss in the economy due to the described shocks in real terms is equal to 6.4 trillion rubles in 2011 prices.
The Concept of Economic Equilibrium in Spatial Systems
Authors: Ibragimov N. M.
Published: March 2022

Interregional integration is the most important property and form of manifestation of the unity of any economic space, in particular Russian. The study of this phenomenon is a significant area of research on the spatial development of the country. In the article the historical preconditions of the used approaches based on the theory of economic equilibrium have been studied and systematized. We have described and analyzed various forms of spatial economic equilibrium which are adequate to the modern level of development and mathematical representation of economy. The development of the concept of economic equilibrium in economic and mathematical models is presented. It is shown that the simplicity of the mathematical structure of the OMIOM allows, using all the concepts of economic equilibrium, to analyze the features of interregional economic interactions and assess the degree of economic interdependence of the regions of Russia. The economic space in the OMIOM is presented discretely, in the context of macro-regions, which are federal districts or their large fragments, uniting several subjects of the federation. The economy of each macroregion is presented in the context of the aggregated sectors of production of goods and services. For sectors with transportable products, interregional transport and economic ties are taken into account.
Biotechnology Market Development: Global Trends and the Place of Russia
Authors: Valieva O. V.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the development, functioning and regulation of the biopharmaceutical market in Russia and in the world. The statistics of investments in research and development in the private and public sectors are presented, it is concluded that the leading countries over the past ten years have gradually increased the growth rates of investments in R&D and built technological chains in various countries of the world. The data show that the structure and configuration of production, technology and sales chains in the world economy has changed over ten years, if the United States dominated earlier, then from the beginning of 2010 China has become an active player in this process. Using the example of the largest global biotechnology corporations, the importance of investments in research and development and their relationship with income levels is shown. According to the calculations, Russian pharmaceutical companies are seriously lagging behind their competitors in terms of key economic indicators.
Bacterial vaginosis: controversial issues
Authors: Khryanin Aleksey A. , Knorring German Yu.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the review. Consideration of the most controversial issues regarding the possibility of sexual transmission of BV-associated microorganisms (bacterias) in women and men.
Basic provisions. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common disease associated with an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (including human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus) in women and their male sexual partners. BV is characterized by polymicrobial transformations caused by Gardnerella vaginalis, which is the main etiological microorganism of this disease. G. vaginalis has a proven ability to form microbial biofilms on the mucosal surface. As a rule, from 10 to 12 different G. vaginalis genotypes can simultaneously reside in one biofilm, which provides it with a longer lifespan and viability. It has been shown that microorganisms in the biofilm acquire properties that reduce sensitivity to standard etiotropic therapy even at high doses of antibiotics. It was found that the cause of BV is a polymicrobial gardnerella biofilm, all components of which are transferred as a whole (for example, with the help of key cells), including during sexual contact. In this regard, the article discusses the possibility of using a new term biofilm gardnerellosis, which more accurately reflects the essence of this problem. Microbial biofilms organized by G. vaginalis are found in a significant number of women with BV and their sexual partners.
Connective tissue disease in the practice of a cosmetologist and dermatologist. Features of diagnosis and management of patients
Authors: Borzykh Olga B. , Petrova Marina M. , Karpova Elena I. , Shnayder Natalia A.
Published: March 2022

In the practice of a cosmetologist and a dermatologist, the functional features of the skin are of extremely important. At the same time, monogenic connective tissue disorders (hereditary connective tissue dysplasia) that underlie hereditary syndromes have been known for a long time, but in recent years more attention has been paid to genetic defects that, together with other internal and external factors, lead to manifestations of connective tissue dysfunction. Such disorders are called multifactorial, as a result, a general clinic of connective tissue dysplasia can develop. It is important for dermatologists and cosmetologists to diagnose the presence and risk of connective tissue pathology in time, since these disorders require special features in the clinical management of such patients. To date, there is a slight difference in the understanding of connective tissue pathology in Russia and abroad. Thus, the purpose of this review was to integrate ideas about connective tissue dysplasia in Russia and abroad, as well as to provide dermatologists and cosmetologists with an algorithm for diagnosing and managing patients with connective tissue dysfunction.
Prospective study of the cytokine profile and antioxidant status of patients with pyoderma
Authors: Gizinger Oksana A. , Ziganshin Oleg R.
Published: March 2022

Background. The importance of studying the pathogenetic features of pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes is associated with the severity of the course of the disease, frequent relapses with a short inter-relapse period, and long-term disability.The severity of the course, long-term disability, violations of the pro-oxidate mechanisms recorded in patients with poidermias associated with Streptococcus pyogenes are priority and timely.
Aims. Study of the cytokine, prooxidant and antioxidant profiles of patients with pyoderma associated with Streptococcus pyogenes.
Мethods. А prospective study of the cytokine profile, the level of antioxidant defense enzymes, and lipid peroxidation factors in patients with pyoderma, lasting more than 2 years, associated with Streptococcus pyogenes, was carried out. The study included 100 people with diffuse lesions of smooth skin, identified on the skin surface of Streptococcus pyogenes, at the age of 28.76 6.24 years; in blood serum, the content of cytokines IL-2, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-, IFN-, IL-1 was studied by enzyme immunoassay, in whole blood the content of primary, secondary and final products of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes protection superoxide dismutase and catalase.
Results. Analysis of the content of cytokines showed a significant decrease in the concentration of IL-2, an increase in IL-10, TNF-, IL-8, IL-1 in the blood serum of patients with streptoderma compared with the reference values of healthy people (p 0.05). In whole blood plasma, an increase in the concentration of primary, secondary and final products of lipid peroxidation was registered with a significant decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase and catalase relative to the indicators of healthy volunteers (p 0.05).
Conclusions. In patients with streptoderma, an increase in the production of cytokines with pro-inflammatory and chemotactic properties in response to the invasion of the pathogen and its persistence was revealed. The intracellular nature of the parasitization of Streptococcus pyogenes contributes to the enhancement of the systemic and local inflammatory process, the formation of oxidative stress, the accumulation of primary, secondary and final products of lipid peroxidation, and a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. A decrease in the content of interleukin 2, which has immunoregulatory properties in patients with streptoderma, leads to impaired immune homeostasis, a decrease in the processes of differentiation in the direction of the Th1 immune response, proliferation of T-lymphocytes, a violation of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the main subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes, which is clinically expressed in this occurrence of relapses in categories of patients.
A rare case of follicular sarcoidosis
Authors: Gritskova Inna A. , Gorbunov Yuri G. , Alferov Konstantin I. , Belousova Irena E.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to a rare variant of skin sarcoidosis the so-called follicular sarcoidosis. According to the literature, the follicular form of sarcoidosis is extremely rare, several isolated cases are described in foreign literature, there are no publications in the russian literature. A 30-year-old female patient came to the clinic of the Military Medical Academy with a skin rash of the upper extremities, trunk and neck that lasted for one year. Anamnesis: repeated use of topical corticosteroids for the treatment with a temporary positive effect. The skin process was represented by common follicular papules; a histological examination of one of the elements revealed granulomas of the sarcoid type, which were located perifolliculary, mainly around the infundibular sections of the hair follicles. The rash resolved after a course of external corticosteroid therapy. The clinical case described by us illustrates the need for histological examination to verify the diagnosis.
Irritierende Vielfalt in der instrumentellen Elementanalytik: Das Konzept ist immer dasselbe
Authors: Kläntschi Niklaus , Lienemann Peter , Richner Peter , Vonmont Heinz
Published: March 2022

Modern analytical chemistry relies on a multiplicity of different instrumental methods, their ranges of application being partially overlapping, partially supplementary. The universally utilizable dream method, which solves all possible problems does not exist. Nevertheless, every existing
instrumental analytical method can be described as a modular composition including three steps: provocation, reaction, and detection. Based on this concept, the irritating multiplicity of existing analytical methods can be well surveyed.
Chemische und mineralogische Charakterisierung einer thermisch behandelten Elektrofilterasche
Authors: Vonmont Heinz , Gutmann Roland , Röthlisberger François
Published: March 2022

The incineration of municipal solid waste creates a highly toxic fly ash, collected by the electrostatic precipitator. This residue requires a treatment before being disposed or partially recycled. One way for the detoxification is a thermal processing between 1300 and 1400°. At this temperature range all organic pollutants will be destroyed and the inorganic compounds separated into a heavy metal containing condensate, an inert, vitreous silicate-phase and a sulfurdioxid enriched waste gas. For the study of this process different samples of the glass phase (both from the melt vessel and after the outlet) were investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and optical microscopy (OM). The samples from the melt vessel showed an increase of lead, zinc, manganese, copper, and iron from the top to the bottom of the crucible by a factor of 5. Sulfur displayed an even larger increase from 0.005 g/100 g (%) in the top part to 12 g/100 g (%) near the bottom. In the lower part of the melting tub sulfides like FeS, ZnS, Cu2S, and MoS2 dominate. Oxides like melilites and spinels are enriched in the top part and show decreasing concentrations with increasing depth.
Electron-Impact Spectroscopy: A Versatile Tool for Chemistry
Authors: Allan Michael
Published: March 2022

Selected research projects representative for the applications of the Electron-Impact (EI) techniques in Fribourg are briefly reviewed. Progress made in the development of instrumentation is illustrated with spectra of oxygen and buta-1,3-diene. The following topics are then briefly
discussed: i) Comparison of triplet- and singlet-excitation energies of a representative aliphatic hydrocarbon (pentane) with the highly strained [1.1.1]propellane and with ethene. ii) Electron affinities and virtual orbitals of saturated hydrocarbons with increasing degree of
strain: propane, cyclopropane, and [1.1.1]propellane. iii) Measurement of absolute cross sections for electronic excitation and comparison with theory. iv) Dissociative attachment experiments on dihalosubstitued toluenes providing insight into factors determining the rate of
intramolecular charge-transfer in the gas phase.
The methodology for classifying time series by trend type in scientometrics
Authors: Блинов Павел Юрьевич
Published: March 2022

Исследователи часто сталкиваются с задачами обработки большого числа данных, и рост интереса к различным количественным метрикам в разных областях вполне объясним. В частности, в наукометрии существует ряд метрик, характеризующих публикационную активность, которая имеет ярко выраженную тенденцию к росту, в особенности в РФ. Для выявления тех или иных причин роста эффективным инструментом является аппарат математической статистики. В данной статье демонстрируется полезность применения статистических критериев случайности или отсутствия тренда на временных рядах для выявления трендов публикационной активности в области наукометрии. Предложена методология совокупной проверки несколькими критериями на наличие или отсутствие тренда, которая является весьма гибким инструментом. Методология ориентирована на повышение точности результата оценки для временных рядов небольшого объема и позволяет при проверке большого количества временных рядов группировать их по типу или наличию тренда.

Nowdays reasearchers often encounter the problems dealing with processing large amounts of data and so there is a growing interest in various quantitative metrics in different areas. In particular, a number of metriсs characterizes publication activity in scientometrics. Many countries are currently experiencing an increase in publication activity, moreover, some countries have a tendency of abnormal growth for some reasons. The methods of mathematical statistics are quite effective for identification of certain growth patterns. In this paper, usefulness of statistical tests of randomness or trend tests for time series data in scientometrics is demonstrated. Methodology of aggregate testing by several trend tests is proposed. This methodology, being a very flexible tool, is focused on improving the accuracy of estimation for small size time series as well as allows a large number of time series to be checked and grouped by type of trend.
Towards unit testing of event-driven control requirements
Authors: Старолетов Сергей Михайлович , Ануреев Игорь Сергеевич
Published: March 2022

Тестирование - общепринятый метод контроля качества программного обеспечения, хотя о полной надежности программ при таком подходе говорить не приходится. Тем не менее этот метод очень хорошо интегрируется в среды разработки и применим при непрерывной интеграции. В статье кратко рассмотрены шаблоны поведения, которые ранее разработаны для логического описания операций программируемых логических контроллеров (ПЛК) с использованием табличных свойств. Представлена схема ограниченного алгоритма проверки модели для контроля выполнимости этих свойств. Описано, как реализовать термы и формулы, составляющие модели поведения программ ПЛК, на объектно-ориентированном языке программирования. После того как была проведена абстракция значений входов и выходов управляющих переменных системы на основе подхода “черного ящика”, показано, насколько удобно описывать требования в форме наших экземпляров классов. Это описание позволяет интегрировать процесс проверки требований ПЛК-программ в процесс модульного тестирования.

Testing is a generally accepted method to control software quality, although it is not completely reliable. Nevertheless, this method integrates extremely well into development environments and continuous integration practices. In this paper, we briefly review the behavioral patterns that we have previously developed for the logical description of the programmable logic controllers (PLC) operations using tabular properties. We also present a diagram for the checking algorithm of a bounded model to investigate the feasibility of such properties. We describe how to implement the terms and formulas that provide the behavior patterns of PLC programs in an object-oriented programming language (C++ in this case). After the black box assessment for the values of the control variables for inputs and outputs of the system has been set, we show how convenient it is to describe the requirements in the form of our instantiated classes. This description allows integrating the unit testing process for the checking requirements of the PLC programs.
ANALISIS EFEKTIFITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PADA PEKERJAAN BANGUNAN GEDUNG BERTINGKAT DI KOTA PONTIANAK
Authors: Syahrudin Syahrudin , M Nuh Safaruddin
Published: March 2022

Saat ini pembangunan Infrastruktur di Kota Pontianak terus meningkat, termasuk pembangunan gedung baik gedung perkantoran maupun gedung bertingkat. Pada  bangunan gedung bertingkat, faktor tenaga kerja dan kondisi pekerjaan berpengaruh  terhadap produktivitas hasil pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas  dan produktivitas yang dihasilkan tenaga kerja dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya pada pekerjaan bangunan gedung bertingkat .Dengan melakukan survei , pengumpulan dan pengukuran  data lapangan maka akan dianalisa efektivitas dan produktivitas pekerja dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya  terhadap pekerjaan kolom beton dan pengecatan pada bangunan gedung bertingkat di Kota Pontianak. Hasil penelitian terhadap efektivitas waktu kerja efektif masing-masing pekerja  pada pekerja kolom adalah sebesar 98,6 % pada proyek pembangunan Hotel Ibis, sebesar 95,71 % pada proyek pembangunan Hotel G dan sebesar 95,27 % pada   proyek pembangunan STIKES Dharma Insan..  Produktivitas pekerja pada pekerjaan kolom  lebih besar dari analisa BOW dan SNI. Produktivitas pekerja pengecatan dinding pada proyek Pembangunan Hotel G dan STIKES Dharma Insan  lebih besar dari analisa BOW dan hampir sama dengan analisa SNI. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari koefesien pekerja pada proyek pembangunan STIKES Dharma Insan  sebesar 0,085 OH  dan proyek pembangunan Hotel G sebesar 0,091, sedangkan koefesien pekerja BOW sebesar 0,225 dan SNI sebesar 0,063.
PENATAAN RAMBU-RAMBU PADA ALUR PELAYARAN SUNGAI KAPUAS KECIL
Authors: Gunawan M. Anton , Mulki Gusti Zulkifli , Tua S Johnny Maruli
Published: March 2022

Peningkatan volume lalu lintas angkutan barang-barang berat dan kondisi morfologi sungai yang menyebabkan beberapa daerah berpotensi kecelakaan serta volume air tidak memadai pada saat musim kering menjadi kendala dalam alur pelayaran di Sungai Kapuas Kecil, sehingga dibutuhkan analisis perencanaan rambu pada alur pelayaran Sungai Kapuas Kecil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengambarkan kondisi alur pelayaran dari Jembatan Kapuas 1 sampai Sukalanting sebagai acuan kebijakan terhadap alur pelayaran sungai Kapuas Kecil, sehingga berfungsi sesuai dengan persyaratan pelayaran. Dari hasil analisis didapat bahwa pada alur pelayaran sungai Kapuas Kecil terdapat penyempitan pada daerah meander sungai yang terjadi akibat morfologi sungai dan juga adanya kapal-kapal yang berlabuh jangkar pada tepian sungai. Apabila dipakai untuk dua alur pelayaran secara aman, alur pelayaran sungai Kapuas Kecil ini hanya bisa dipakai untuk karakteristik kapal dengan kapasitas 940 DWT. Perlunya rambu pelayaran sungai di pasang agar pengguna alur mengetahui daerah alur, kondisi, larangan dan kewajiban bila melewati alur pelayaran sungai Kapuas Kecil ini. Kebutuhan rambu pada sungai Kapuas Kecil sebasar 73 buah dengan perincian rambu wajib sebanyak 24 buah, rambu larangan sebanyak 13 buah, rambu petunjuk sebanyak 26 buah, dan rambu peringatan sebanyak 10 buah. Fungsi rambu untuk mewujudkan lalu lintas angkutan sungai yang aman dan selamat.
PERGERAKAN HORIZONTAL TANAH YANG TERJADI AKIBAT PROSES PERCEPATAN KONSOLIDASI METODE VACUUM + PVD + PHD + PRELOADING PADA PEKERJAAN PERPANJANGAN RUNWAY BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL SUPADIO
Authors: Junaidi Lalu Muhamad , Priadi Eka , Widodo Slamet
Published: March 2022

Kondisi tanah yang sangat lunak area Bandara Supadio,  pekerjaan perbaikan tanah yang berbatasan langsung dengan runway existing serta metode perbaikan tanah lunak yang menggunakan kombinasi Pre-fabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) + Pre-fabricated Horizontal Drain (PHD) + vacuum + preloading merupakan metode yang belum pernah diaplikasikan pada pekerjaan-pekerjaan diarea Bandara Supadio, maka penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian terhadap dampak pergerakan horizontal yang mungkin terjadi sebagai akibat adanya proses percepatan konsolidasi tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap dua modul yang berdekatan dengan kedalaman pemancangan PVD yang berbeda, yaitu modul-2 dari sta. 2+520 s/d 2+600 dengan kedalaman PVD 13 m dan modul-1A sta 2+520 s/d 2+460 dengan kedalaman PVD 10 m. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dengan alat inclinometer diperoleh hasil bahwa proses percepatan konsolidasi dengan vacuum menyebabkan adanya pergerakan arah horizontal pada area sekitar dengan hasil yang berbeda antara kedua modul.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUAT TEKAN DENGAN MODULUS ELASTISITAS TERHADAP USIA BETON UNTUK BERBAGAI VARIASI KADAR SUPERPLASTICIZER
Authors: Leonova Leonova , Elvira - , Priadi Eka
Published: March 2022

Berbagai literatur yang kita jumpai memuat hubungan antara kuat tekan beton dengan modulus elastisitas. Namun hubungan antara kedua tersebut untuk usia beton 28 hari atau lebih. Kenyataan di lapangan sering kali mengharuskan beton terutama beton mutu tinggi sudah harus dibebani sebelum usia 28 hari bahkan pada sebagian kasus usia beton yang sangat muda yaitu pada usia 2 atau 3 hari, misalnya pada pekerjaan sambungan basah (wet joint) segmental box girder.Untuk itu perlu diketahui hubungan antara kuat tekan beton dengan modulus elastisitas pada usia beton yang kurang dari 28 hari. Untuk itu penelitian ini mencoba menggali perkembangan peningkatan modulus elastisitas tersebut terhadap usia beton. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ekperimen yang menggunakan benda uji berupa silinder dengan ukuran diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm. Variasi kuat tekan dicoba didekati dengan variasi penggunaan Superpalticizer. Hasil pengujian Kuat tekan beton menunjukkan bahwa variasi penggunaan Superplasticizer dengan kadar 0,60 %, 0,80 % dan 1,00 % terhadap berat semen tidak secara signifikan mempengaruhi kuat tekan beton. Hal ini terjadi karena variasi penggunakaan superplasticizer yang digunakan tidak jauh berbeda. Fenomena yang sama terjadi pada pengujian modulus elastisitas. Variasi kadar superplaticizer yang digunakan tidak banyak mempengaruhi modulus elastisitas.Pada penelitian ini juga didapatkan bahwa modulus elastisitas beton meningkat sejalan dengan peningkatan usia beton. Modulus elastisitas beton pada usia 1, 3, 14  hari sekitar 60%, 75% dan 93% dari modulus elastisitas beton pada usia 28 hari. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa modulus elastisitas beton diusia muda (1 dan 3 hari) cukup besar. Peningkatan nilai modulus elastisitas berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan kuat tekan beton.
ANALISIS KONDISI PERKERASAN JALAN METODE IRI DAN RCI MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI ROADROID JALAN KUBANGRAYA, PEKANBARU
Authors: Adiman Edi Yusuf
Published: March 2022

Pertumbuhan ekonomi disuatu daerah sangat bergantung pada aksesibilitas dan mobilitas  infrastruktur jalan raya. Ruas Jalan Kubang Raya, Kota Pekanbaru merupakan jalan nasional yang menjadi konektivitas antara daerah Panam dengan daerah lainnya. Beban kendaraan yang overload dan volume lalu lintas yang padat akan mempengaruhi kondisi perkerasan jalan, sehingga pemeliharaan berkala harus direalisasikan agar kondisi jalan tetap terawat dan nyaman untuk dilalui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi perkerasan ruas jalan Kubangraya, Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi Roadroid dan menggunakan metode (IRI) untuk mendapatkan nilai kerataan permukaan jalan. Ad interim itu dalam menilai keadaan jalan menggunakan metode (RCI).  Dari Perhitungan menggunakan aplikasi Roadroid pada jalan Kubangraya, Pekanbaru didapatkan hasil analisa metode IRI : STA 0 + 00 – STA 0 + 12000 = IRI rata-rata sebesar 14.24, kondisi jalan adalah buruk. STA 0 + 12000 – STA 0 + 00 = IRI rata-rata sebesar 14.48, kondisi jalan adalah buruk. Hasil analisa metode RCI: STA 0 + 00 – STA 0 + 12000 = RCI rata-rata sebesar 2.81, kondisi jalan adalah rusak berat, STA 0 + 12000 – STA 0 + 00 = RCI rata-rata sebesar 2,77, kondisi jalan adalah rusak berat.