bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pobreza en el Ecuador durante la pandemia COVID-19 y el impacto provocado en sectores sociales
Authors: Ortega-Gallo Mayra , Mejía-Ramirez Evelyn , Uriguen-Aguirre Patricia
Published: March 2022

El COVID-19 ha influenciado de manera negativa en el ámbito social, perjudicando la economía ecuatoriana, como consecuencia del confinamiento, paralización de las actividades, disminución del personal en las compañías, menores ingresos, provocando un impacto de forma significativa en la pobreza donde la población no tiene lo necesario para satisfacer sus necesidades básicas. La pobreza registra un alto índice de escasez de recursos económicos, por la falta de empleo donde se ubicó en 401.305 personas fueron despedidas. Por tal, motivo el objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar el impacto social que ha generado el COVID-19 en la pobreza y otros sectores sociales a través del método cuantitativo con la aplicación de la regresión lineal múltiple; además, de metodología correlacional y explicativa para el análisis de la realidad de las instituciones o empresas que están atravesando el Ecuador frente a la pandemia. Dada la complejidad del problema del COVID-19 en el Ecuador, se identificó como principales sectores sociales de gran impacto, el incremento de índice de pobreza ubicándose en un 32,4%, extrema pobreza se sitúa en un 14,9%, desempleo en un 5% y la disminución de los ingresos en un 5% los cuales alcanzan para los hogares hasta USD 116 dólares.
Habilidades Gerenciales ante la emergencia del Covid-19: Un desafío para la economía de las Pymes de la ciudad de Ambato
Authors: Cisneros-Urquizo William , Vidal-Chávez Daniela , Lascano-Pérez Luis
Published: March 2022

La permanencia de las empresas durante la pandemia de Covid-19, responde a las habilidades gerenciales que utilicen para administrar óptimamente los negocios. Así, el presente trabajo se enfoca en diagnosticar las habilidades gerenciales de los gerentes para enfrentar la emergencia sanitaria en las Pymes de la ciudad de Ambato. Como problemática se evidenció, un desconocimiento en las habilidades gerenciales y una insuficiente preparación de éstos para la adaptación a condiciones del mercado adversos. En metodología, se sustentó como un estudio exploratorio, utilizó una investigación bibliográfica-documental y como muestra se direccionó a 330 Pymes de la ciudad de Ambato, mediante una encuesta estructurada; posteriormente se utilizó herramientas estadísticas para el análisis de fiabilidad y estadístico. Dentro de los resultados constan dos apartados: el análisis situacional y la definición de las habilidades esenciales para enfrentar la emergencia covid-19 en las Pymes de la ciudad de Ambato; en consecuencia, se definieron las conclusiones.
Medidas econômicas voltadas para a redução dos impactos da Covid-19
Authors: Lima Jorcelyo Alencar , Alencar Elisangela de Andrade Borges , Fonseca Graicy Cavalcante
Published: March 2022

O início do ano de 2020 é marcado pela pandemia do coronavírus. Além dos efeitos sobre a saúde pública, a doença vem impactando também na economia mundial. O presente artigo tem como objetivo mostrar a pandemia da Covid-19 na realidade brasileira em que a ideologia do lucro e da economia prevalece sobre os valores importantes da vida. No capitalismo a desigualdade social é gritante e preocupam o Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS) no enfrentamento da Covid-19 no Brasil. e sempre são os mais pobres que, além de perder direitos, pagam a conta. A pandemia da Covid-19, que provoca a mais grave crise sanitária no mundo neste primeiro quarto do século XXI, gerou muitos e diversos debates. De um especialista a uma dona de casa, o assunto é o mais comentado. E cada um, a sua escolha, faz a defesa que tem mais proximidade com seu histórico de vida e relações pessoais. É ainda fundamental ressaltar que nesse contexto em que são necessárias medidas drásticas para conter a circulação de pessoas, uma carga ainda maior de trabalho doméstico e de cuidado com as crianças, idosos e doentes recai sobre as mulheres, principalmente as mulheres negras. A pesquisa foi bibliográfica, descritiva e quantitativa sobre o tema em tela. Conclui-se que o cenário pode ser revertido, caso o governo se comprometa a entregar reformas econômicas e promova privatizações relevantes. Desta feita, só uma mudança profunda nas expectativas dos investidores sobre as potencialidades de negócios no Brasil e no mundo seria capaz de compensar os efeitos econômicos danosos do coronavírus.
Educação sexual para adolescentes em meio a pandemia de COVID-19: Relato de Projeto de Extensão
Authors: Pantoja Jessica Corrêa , Marques Beatriz Mynssen , Borges Hillary Krystie Ferreira , Miguel Thaís Ferreira , Fagotti Maria Eduarda Cury , Barbosa Danilo Munerato , Garcia Ana Beatriz Brito , Sampaio Luciana Martins Santana , Ribeiro Maria Clara Trevisan , Martinez Silvia
Published: March 2022

Em decorrência da pandemia COVID-19, acentuou-se o número de gestações não planejadas entre adolescentes, Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs) e abusos contra menores de idade. Evidenciou-se, então, a importância da abordagem de temáticas relacionadas à educação sexual a fim de aguçar o senso crítico dos adolescentes sobre tais conteúdos e promover, assim, uma conscientização ampla. Objetivo: Sanar as principais dúvidas acerca de vários temas primordiais para o crescimento do indivíduo em direção a sua identidade adulta, inserção na estrutura social e determinação de sua autoestima e relações afetivas, através do desenvolvimento do senso crítico de adolescentes a respeito da educação sexual. Métodos: Trata-se de um relato de experiência do Projeto “Construindo a educação sexual em um cenário durante e pós-pandemia”. Resultados: Foram atingidos 295 alunos do Ensino Fundamental e Médio, com idades entre 12 e 18 anos, durante 2021. Através do projeto, foram desenvolvidas aulas e rodas de conversa, visando tirar dúvidas e instruir os alunos. As palestras se dividiram nos seguintes temas: apresentação do projeto e questionamento para trazer as principais dúvidas dos jovens; discussão acerca do questionário e aula sobre consentimento; aula sobre ISTs e aula sobre Métodos Contraceptivos. Considerações Finais: Notou-se ao decorrer das aulas inúmeros tabus histórico-culturais, principalmente porque famílias seguem privando seus filhos da educação sexual emancipatória, pelo valor negativo que é atribuído a sexualidade, o que demonstra a fundamentalidade do projeto, principalmente para o desenvolvimento da sexualidade, o amadurecimento individual e coletivo, além de favorecer na construção e desenvolvimento das eventuais relações afetivas.
Espécies frutíferas nativas do bioma Mata Atlântica: Panorama dos estudos sobre a temática no período de 2014 - 2021
Authors: Silva Jaciely Gabriela Melo da , Vilela Larissa Oliveira , Silva José Mauro Santana da
Published: March 2022

O objetivo central deste trabalho é avaliar a disponibilidade de informações sobre espécies nativas frutíferas para o bioma Mata Atlântica. Para isso, revisamos sistematicamente a literatura disponível na base de dados gratuita Google Acadêmico (2014 - 2021). Especificamente, buscamos responder: (i) com que frequência espécies frutíferas nativas da Mata Atlântica têm sido alvo de estudos nos últimos anos?; (ii) quais são as abordagens destes estudos quanto à metodologia ou técnica de coleta de dados e de quais regiões brasileiras são provenientes?; (iii) quais são as espécies citadas com maior frequência? Após a triagem dos dados, apenas 18 estudos foram considerados nas análises deste trabalho. Os locais que obtiveram mais estudos foram: Paraná e São Paulo (regiões Sul e Sudeste do Brasil). Os anos com mais publicações sobre o tema foram 2014 e 2017. A metodologia mais utilizada nos estudos foi a experimental. As espécies que mais apareceram nos estudos foram: Passiflora spp. (maracujá), Inga spp. (ingá), Campomanesia spp. (guabiroba) e Annona spp. (araticum) e o tipo de uso mais comum foi alimentação humana (frutas in natura, sucos, tortas, doces, licor, cachaça, conservas, geleias, polpa congelada, etc.). Estudos que incluam espécies nativas na sua totalidade podem contribuir para um melhor entendimento da biodiversidade da Mata Atlântica, um bioma rico e ao mesmo tempo bastante ameaçado.
Quedas em ambiente domiciliar: qualidade de vida dos idosos após as mesmas
Authors: Ferreira Layane de Melo , Silva Marcelane de Lira , Medeiros Renata Livia Silva Fonsêca Moreira de , Souza Kelli Costa , Cavalcante Rodrigues Sulaine , Feitosa Ankilma do Nascimento Andrade
Published: March 2022

Objetivos: Analisar as consequências das quedas na qualidade de vida dos idosos em ambiente domiciliar. Metodologia: A metodologia deste trabalho consiste, essencialmente, em pesquisa de ampla revisão bibliográfica. Os procedimentos de construção desses estudos pautarão em informações retiradas de artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 10 anos e pesquisados no Ministério da Saúde, nos bancos de dados Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), página eletrônica da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BIREME) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Resultados e discussões: As quedas podem ter sérias consequências físicas e psicológicas, incluindo lesões, hospitalizações, perturbação da mobilidade, medo de cair novamente, restrição da atividade, declínio funcional, institucionalização e até mesmo a morte. Conclusão: As quedas em idosos são eventos multifatoriais, e o conhecimento de seus fatores de risco é importante para nortear o planejamento de medidas preventivas.
The emerging roles of extracellular vesicles as intercellular messengers in liver physiology and pathology
Authors: Lee Youngseok , Kim Jong-Hoon
Published: March 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles released from almost all cell types. EVs mediate intercellular communication by delivering their surface and luminal cargoes, including nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, which reflect the pathophysiological conditions of their cellular origins. Hepatocytes and hepatic non-parenchymal cells utilize EVs to regulate a wide spectrum of biological events inside the liver and transfer them to distant organs through systemic circulation. The liver also receives EVs from multiple organs and integrates these extrahepatic signals that participate in pathophysiological processes. EVs have recently attracted growing attention for their crucial roles in maintaining and regulating hepatic homeostasis. This review summarizes the roles of EVs in intrahepatic and interorgan communications under different pathophysiological conditions of the liver, with a focus on chronic liver diseases including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review also discusses recent progress for potential therapeutic applications of EVs by targeting or enhancing EV-mediated cellular communication for the treatment of liver diseases.
Surrogacy Legislation and Kenya's ART Bill 2019: Reproductive Uhuru (Freedom) A Myth or a Reality for Infertile Citizens?
Authors: Olobo-Lalobo James Henry
Published: March 2022

In 2014, Kenyan parliamentarian Odhiambo Millie MP tabled the Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Bill [2019] to regulate assisted reproduction. The Bill restricts surrogacy to married couples only, prohibits payment to surrogates and makes no provision for surrogacy services or its oversight. It is modelled on the United Kingdom's surrogacy laws, although this article confirms the UK's surrogacy laws were intended to discourage surrogacy in the first place, and a Law Commission review shall be published in 2022. In 2007, Thiankolu Muthomi called for Kenyan-designed ART legislation. Kenya's customary woman-to-woman marriage is examined as a taking-off point for technologising Kenya's surrogacy services. The woman-to-woman marriage was constitutionally protected in 2010 and embedded by the enactment of the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions Act No. 33 [2016] that promotes the right to cultural expression. This cultural reality should provide the launching pad for a more permissive and auditable surrogacy legislation in Kenya and transferability to sub-Saharan Africa burdened, with the exception of South Africa, by unregulated ART practice.
Proust on the Beach
Authors: Freed-Thall Hannah
Published: March 2022

What becomes visible when we consider À la recherche du temps perdu from the vantage point of the beach? This article contends that Proust's beach resort, Balbec, stages a reconfiguration of social ritual and corporeal style. Balbec is both an enormous casino and the ‘springboard’ for a loosely scripted, habit-disrupting social choreography. In contrast to both the aristocratic salons of Paris and the bourgeois family nucleus that characterizes Combray, Proust's beach is an improvisatory space. As such, it facilitates place-based, contingent (rather than congenital) forms of queer movement and desire.
Az LCP-takrolimusz biztonságossága és hatásossága a vesetranszplantáció fenntartó kezelésében
Authors: Cseprekál Orsolya , Keglevich András , Remport Ádám
Published: March 2022

Jelen közlemény az immunszuppresszív fenntartó kezelés egyik sarokkövének tekinthető takrolimusz hatóanyag egy újabb, innovatív gyógyszerformájáról (LifeCycle Pharma Tac, LCP-Tac, LCPT) ad átfogó képet. A teljesség igénye nélkül, összefoglaló jelleggel ismertetésre kerül az LCP-Tac-hoz kapcsolódó irodalmi háttér, amiből kiderül, hogy a klinikai használatban is elérhető LCP-Tac képes napi egyszeri adagolással hatásos és biztonságos vérszintet biztosítani a vesetranszplantált betegek számára. Bemutatásra kerül az is, hogy a MeltDose®-technológia révén megnövekedett biohasznosulás következményeként az LCP-Tac esetében kisebb takrolimuszdózisokra lehet szükség.
Karakteristik Ibu dan Dukungan Suami dengan Partisipasi Ibu Mengikuti Kelas Ibu Hamil
Authors: Neny Arie Maineny , Endang Nur
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan karakteristik ibu dan dukungan suami dengan partisipasi ibu dalam kelas ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kecamatan Ujuna. Penelitian analitik desain cross sectional. Populasi seluruh ibu hamil di wilayah Pustu Ujuna. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 33 ibu. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data bersifat univariat dan bivariat. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-Square.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan umur dengan partisipasi ibu hamil di wilayah puskesmas pembantu (p = 0,020), ada hubungan pendidikan dengan partisipasi ibu hamil di wilayah puskesmas pembantu. (p = 0,046), ada hubungan paritas dengan partisipasi ibu hamil di Puskesmas pembantu ujuna (p = 0,020), ada hubungan antara dukungan suami dengan partisipasi ibu hamil di wilayah puskesmas ujuna pembantu (p = 0,000). Terdapat hubungan antara umur, pendidikan, paritas dan dukungan suami dengan partisipasi ibu hamil di wilayah puskesmas pembantu Ujuna
Hubungan Obesitas dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Perempuan Minangkabau
Authors: Alfalah Naufal Jihad , Hasni Dita , Febrianto Budi Yulhasfi , Warlem Nilas
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi pada perempuan etnis Minangkabau. Penelitian case control ini dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Anak Air Kota Padang dan mengikutsertakan 40 orang perempuan etnis Minangkabau dengan hipertensi dan 40 orang tanpa hipertensi.  Subjek diikutsertakan setelah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi penelitian dan menandatangani inform concent. Hasil penelitian yaitu perempuan etnis Minangkabau yang mengalami obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi sebanyak 29 orang (85,3%) dan yang tidak mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 5 orang (14,70%). Sedangkan untuk perempuan etnis Minangkabau yang tidak obesitas mengalami kejadian hipertensi sebanyak 11 orang (23,1%) dan yang tidak mengalami hipertensi sebanyak 35 orang (76,1%). Terdapat hubungan antara obesitas dengan kejadian hipertensi pada perempuan etnis Minangkabau, hal ini didasarkan pada perolehan p value sebesar 0,000. Kesimpulan yaitu status obesitas memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi pada perempuan etnis Minangkabau. Perempuan etnis Minangkabau yang mengalami kejadian hipertensi rata-rata IMT sebesar 32,82 Kg/m2
Akses Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak di Puskesmas Selama Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Salsa Nabila Rahma , Dhamanti Inge
Published: March 2022

Diberlakukannya kebijakan lockdown di beberapa negara karena Pandemi COVID-19 saat ini menyebabkan sistem pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak terganggu. Salah satunya dalam hal pembatasan kunjungan ibu hamil untuk memeriksakan kehamilan di fasilitas kesehatan secara langsung. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan terbatasnya akses ibu untuk melakukan kunjungan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di fasilitas kesehatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana akses pelayanan Kesehatan ibu dan anak di puskesmas selama pandemic COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review dengan database yang digunakan adalah PubMed dan Google Scholar. Pencarian artikel diperoleh hasil 5 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dari 86 artikel yang tersedia. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pembatasan pergerakan selama pandemi COVID-19, ketakutan tertular virus COVID-19 di fasilitas kesehatan serta tantangan ekonomi yang dihadapi ibu selama pandemi COVID-19 menjadi hambatan yang dialami ibu dalam mengakses pelayanan KIA selama pandemi COVID-19. Kebijakan lockdown menjadikan ibu tidak dapat melakukan kunjungan ANC secara lengkap. Kesulitan ekonomi mempengaruhi ibu dalam mengakses fasilitas kesehatan karena ibu lebih memilih untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari dibanding untuk mengakses pelayanan KIA. Ketakutan tertular COVID-19 juga menjadikan ibu memilih untuk tidak mengunjungi pelayanan KIA di fasilitas kesehatan. Sehingga, sulitnya akses ibu ke pelayanan KIA di masa pandemi mengakibatkan ibu hamil berisiko tinggi mengalami komplikasi karena tidak teridentifikasinya kemungkinan tanda-tanda bahaya saat kehamilan di fasilitas kesehatan.
К истории переселения мордвы на территорию Крымского полуострова: по результатам этнографической экспедиции
Authors: Никонова Л.И. , Трибушинина С.Д.
Published: March 2022

Целью исследования является изучение культуры и быта переселенцев из Мордовии, проживающих на территории Крымского полуострова. В статье на основе статистических данных, приведенных в переписях населения, проводимых на территории Российского государства в разные периоды его развития (1897, 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2014), в Украине в период принадлежности изучаемого региона её юрисдикции (2001), выявляются основные этапы заселения мордвы в Крым. Авторами дается характеристика факторов, влиявших на особенности переселения в конкретные исторические отрезки времени: социально-исторических, политических, экономических и т.д. В статье также приводятся сведения, полученные в ходе этнографической экспедиции в Крым, состоявшейся в 2018 г. под руководством д.и.н., профессора Л.И. Никоновой*. Полевой материал сопровождает описание преимущественно последних этапов заселения мордвы на территорию полуострова, дополняя информацию, полученную из официальных источников и научной литературы. Анализ динамики численности, статистических данных и полевого материала позволяет сделать вывод о частичной утрате традиционных черт и культурных особенностей мордовским населением в связи с влиянием социально-экономических реалий, унифицирующей среды полиэтничного региона, где за общую единицу общения выбирается государственный язык, условия дисперсного расселения представителей этого народа по региону.
in English:
The research aims to study the culture and daily life of the Mordvins living on the Crimean peninsula. The article reveals the main stages of the settlement of the Mordvins in Crimea, based on the population censuses conducted by the Russian state (in 1897, 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2014) and by Ukraine when Crimea was subject to its jurisdiction (in 2001). The authors describe socio-historical, political, economic, and other factors that influenced resettlement in specific historical periods. The article also provides data obtained during an ethnographic expedition to Crimea, held in 2018 under the leadership of Dr. of History Prof. L.I. Nikonova. The field material accompanies the description of the last stages of the Mordvins’ settlement on the peninsula and supplements the information obtained from official sources and scientific literature. An analysis of the statistical data and field material allows us to conclude that the Mordovian ethnic group partially lost its traditional cultural identity due to the influence of socio-economic realities and the unifying environment of the multiethnic region. Mordvins are scattered widely across the region, and the state language has been chosen as the main unit of communication.
Социально-экономическое самочувствие москвичей и миграционная ситуация в столичном регионе
Authors: Кульбачевская О.В.
Published: March 2022

В статье представлены результаты исследования социально-экономической ситуации, характера миграционных отношений и возможного влияния миграции на социально-экономическое самочувствие жителей г. Москвы. Были выявлены основные социальные и экономические проблемы местных жителей, их отношение к иностранным трудовым мигрантам, дана оценка конфликтного потенциала в сфере труда. Согласно результатам исследования, треть жителей столицы находится в затруднительной социально-экономической ситуации. В последние годы наблюдается тенденция увеличения уровня тревожности населения по поводу потери работы и источников доходов. Несмотря на то, что на московском рынке труда отсутствует жесткая конкуренция между местным населением и мигрантами, в ряде трудовых сфер возможно напряжение. Труд иностранных мигрантов, в основном малоквалифицированный, в столице необходим, но он не оказывает серьезного влияния на экономику города и страны. Москвичи в недостаточной степени настроены на интеграцию всех работающих в столице мигрантов. В первую очередь они готовы интегрировать тех, кто хорошо знает русский язык и хочет остаться в России. Миграционные отношения в столице можно охарактеризовать как в большей степени нейтральные, но конфликтный потенциал (активное неприятие мигрантов со стороны части местного населения) существует и составляет 15%. В подавляющем большинстве москвичи не связывают свои проблемы социально-экономического характера с присутствием в регионе мигрантов.
in English:
The article presents the results of a study of the socio-economic situation, migration relations, and the possible impact of migration on the socio-economic well-being of residents of Moscow. The study identifies the main social and economic problems of residents and their attitude to foreign labor migrants and assesses the conflict potential in the area of labor. According to the study results, one-third of the capital residents are in a difficult socio-economic situation. In recent years, there has been an increase in the level of anxiety of the population about the possible loss of work and sources of income. Although there is no fierce competition between the local population and migrants in the Moscow labor market, tension is possible in a number of labor spheres. The labor of foreign migrants, mostly low-skilled, is necessary for the capital, but it does not seriously impact the economy of the city and the country. Moscovites are insufficiently disposed to integrate all migrants working in the capital. First, they are ready to integrate those who have a good command of Russian and are ready to stay in Russia. Migration relations in the capital can be characterized as mostly neutral, but the conflict potential (active rejection of migrants by the local population) exists and amounts to 15%. The vast majority of Moscovites do not associate their socio-economic problems with migrants in the region.
Enhanced Solar Photocatalytic Activity of Thermally Stable I:ZnO/Glass Beads for Reduction of Cr(VI) in Tannery Effluent
Authors: Ashar Ambreen , Bhatti Ijaz Ahmad , Mohsin Muhammad , Yousaf Maryam , Aziz Humera , Gul Adeeba , Hussain Tausif , Bhutta Zeeshan Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Chromium (VI) in tannery effluent is one of the major environmental concerns for the environmentalists due to the hazardous nature of Cr(VI) ions. To reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III) as an innocuous moiety, pure and I-doped ZnO was grafted over the etched surface of glass beads by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR). Powdered, pure, and I-doped ZnO scrapped from the surface of glass beads was characterized for crystallinity, morphology, and elemental composition by XRD, SEM, TEM, and EDX. The optical properties of both photocatalysts revealed that owing to optimized iodine doping of ZnO, reduction in the bandgap was observed from 3.3 to 2.9 eV. The crystalline nano-bricks of I:ZnO adhered to glass beads were investigated to have remarkable capability to harvest sunlight in comparison to intrinsic ZnO nanodiscs. The thermal stability of I:ZnO was also found to be much improved due to doping of ZnO. The photocatalytic activities of ZnO/GB and I:ZnO/GB were compared by extent of reduction of Cr(VI) under direct natural sunlight (600–650 KWh/m2). The disappearance of absorbance peaks associated with Cr(VI) after treatment with I:ZnO/GB confirmed higher photocatalytic activity of I:ZnO/GB. The reaction parameters of solar photocatalytic reduction, i.e., initial pH (5–9), initial concentration of Cr(VI) (10–50 ppm), and solar irradiation time (1–5 h) were optimized using response surface methodology. The solar photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) present in real tannery effluent was examined to be 87 and 98%, respectively, by employing ZnO/GB and I:ZnO/GB as solar photocatalysts. The extent of reduction was also confirmed by complexation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) present in treated and untreated tannery waste with 1, 5-diphenylcarbazide. The results of AAS and UV/vis spectroscopy for the decrease in concentration of Cr also supported the evidence of higher efficiency of I:ZnO/GB for reduction of Cr(VI) in tannery effluent. Reusability of the fabricated photocatalyst was assessed for eight cycles, and magnificent extent of reduction of Cr(VI) indicated its high efficiency. Conclusively, I:ZnO/GB is a potential and cost-effective candidate for Cr(VI) reduction in tannery effluent under natural sunlight.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 Alleviates Escherichia coli-Induced Inflammation via NF-κB and MAPKs Signaling in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Liu Jiawei , Feng Xiaowei , Li Botong , Sun Yan , Jin Tianxiong , Feng Mingque , Ni Yaodi , Liu Mingchao
Published: March 2022

Escherichia coli counts as a major endometritis-causing pathogen among dairy cows, which lowered the economic benefits of dairy farming seriously. Probiotic consumption has been reported to impart beneficial effects on immunomodulation. However, the inflammatory regulation mechanism of probiotics on endometritis in dairy cows remains unexplored. The current work aimed to clarify the mechanism whereby Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 (L. rhamnosus GR-1) resists bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) inflammatory injury induced by E. coli. The model of cellular inflammatory injury was established in the BEECs, which comes from the uterus of healthy dairy cows using E. coli. The outcome of L. rhamnosus GR-1 addition on inflammation was evaluated in BEECs with E. coli-induced endometritis. The underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammation by L. rhamnosus GR-1 were further explored in E. coli-stimulated BEECs. In accordance with the obtained results, the use L. rhamnosus GR-1 alone could not cause the change of inflammatory factors, while L. rhamnosus GR-1 could significantly alleviate the expression of E. coli-induced inflammatory factors. Based on further study, L. rhamnosus GR-1 significantly hindered the TLR4 and MyD88 expression stimulated by E. coli. Moreover, we observed that in BEECs, L. rhamnosus GR-1 could inhibit the E. coli-elicited expressions of pathway proteins that are associated with NF-κB and MAPKs. Briefly, L. rhamnosus GR-1 can effectively protect against E. coli-induced inflammatory response that may be closely related to the inhibition of TLR4 and MyD88 stimulating NF-κB and MAPKs.
Complement C1q Binding Protein (C1QBP): Physiological Functions, Mutation-Associated Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy and Current Disease Models
Authors: Wang Jie , Huang Christopher L-H , Zhang Yanmin
Published: March 2022

Complement C1q binding protein (C1QBP, p32) is primarily localized in mitochondrial matrix and associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylative function. C1QBP deficiency presents as a mitochondrial disorder involving multiple organ systems. Recently, disease associated C1QBP mutations have been identified in patients with a combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency taking an autosomal recessive inherited pattern. The clinical spectrum ranges from intrauterine growth restriction to childhood (cardio) myopathy and late-onset progressive external ophthalmoplegia. This review summarizes the physiological functions of C1QBP, its mutation-associated mitochondrial cardiomyopathy shown in the reported available patients and current experimental disease platforms modeling these conditions.
A Systemic Mapping Approach for Right and Left Parahisian Ventricular Arrhythmias Ablation
Authors: Kong Ling-cong , Shuang Tian , Li Zheng , Zou Zhi-guo , Jiang Wen-long , Pu Jun , Wang Xin-hua
Published: March 2022

Background

Catheter ablation for parahisian ventricular arrhythmias (PHVA) is technically challenging and associated with increased risks of atrioventricular block (AVB). We developed a systemic mapping approach to improve the efficacy and safety of PHVA ablation.

Methods

Forty-three patients (29 males; average age 65.8 ± 10.5 years) with PHVAs were enrolled. A systemic mapping approach comprising differential electrocardiogram, sequential mapping, and ablation beneath/above the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve (SLTV) and at the neighboring/contralateral regions (the aortic root and sub-aortic valve region) was applied for PHVA. The effectiveness and safety of this approach was evaluated at 1 year's follow-up.

Results

Sequential ablation beneath the SLTV (B-SLTV) succeeded in 24 (66.7 %) of 36 with right PHVA and ablation above the SLTV succeeded in 6 of the remaining 12 with failed B-SLTV ablation. Target-His bundle (HB) distance > 4.5 mm significantly predicted successful right PHVA ablation (OR 1.703; 95% CI 1.084–2.676, P = 0.02). “Seeming” right PHVA by electrocardiogram in 4 and apparent left PHVA in 3 was successfully ablated at the sub-aortic parahisian region. At 1 year's follow-up, 27 (75%) of 36 patients with right PHVA and 6 (85.7%) of 7 patients with left PHVA were free of PHVA recurrence off anti-arrhythmic drugs. The total success rate was 76.7% by using the systemic mapping approach for PHVA. One patient with A-SLTV ablation underwent pacemaker implantation due to complete AVB.

Conclusions

The systemic mapping approach was effective and safe for treating PHVA. The target-HB distance was a significant predictor for right PHVA ablation.
The Volcano-Tectonics of the Northern Sector of Ischia Island Caldera (Southern Italy): Resurgence, Subsidence and Earthquakes
Authors: Carlino Stefano , Sbrana Alessandro , Pino Nicola Alessandro , Marianelli Paola , Pasquini Giuseppe , De Martino Prospero , De Novellis Vincenzo
Published: March 2022

The island of Ischia, an active volcanic field emerging in the western sector of the Gulf of Naples (Southern Italy), represents an archetypal case of caldera that underwent a very large resurgence related to the intrusion of a shallow magma body. The resurgence culminated with the formation of a structural high in the central sector of the island, i.e., the Mt. Epomeo block. This is bordered by a system of faults along which volcanic activity occurred up to 1302 A.D., and damaging earthquakes were generated in historical and recent time. The seismicity is located prevalently in the northern sector of the island and appears to be correlated with the most recent phase (<5 ka) of ground movement (subsidence), although the mechanism of earthquakes’ generation is still debated. By jointly analyzing offshore and onshore data (seismic profile and stratigraphy wells, respectively) and new petrological and geochemical data related to the most recent phase of volcano-tectonic activity, we develop a geological and structural layout of the northern sector of the island. In particular, we identify the seismogenic fault associated with the historical and recent destructive earthquakes of Ischia. This fault formed in the northern sector of the island during the final stage of the resurgence. We also propose a conceptual volcano-tectonic model of the northern sector of the Ischia Island, depicting the displacement of the fault zones in the off-shore area and the possible mechanism of stress loading and release in the on-shore zone, which is mainly driven by the subsidence of the Mt. Epomeo block. Our results are crucial for evaluating the dynamics of the seismogenic structures in the framework of the general subsidence of the island, as well as the related seismic hazard.
Early Warning Method for Coal and Gas Outburst Prediction Based on Indexes of Deep Learning Model and Statistical Model
Authors: Wang Chong , Wei Like , Hu Haiyong , Wang Jiren , Jiang Mengfeng
Published: March 2022

The early warning models for coal and gas outburst have become increasingly more important and have gained more attention in the mining industry in an effort to further improve mine safety. In the warning process, however, the theoretical models do not always work in a timely manner largely due to the delayed capture of the real time parameters. Based on the evolving mechanism of gas outburst, the gas emission is considered a dominant factor in this work because its data is attainable in real time and clearly characterizes the entire outburst process. In order to characterize and distinguish the variation of the gas emission during an outburst and normal mining activity, a total of four statistical methods were employed to quantify the variation of gas emission: the moving average, the deviation ratio, the dispersion ratio, and the fluctuation ratio. Also, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) are also included to demonstrate the accuracy of the deep learning model for predicting the variation of gas emission. Developed from these six indicators, the multi-factor fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model forms the outburst early warning system by calculating the combined index of the difference among the indicators. The accuracy of the early warning system is examined in the case study of the “3.25” gas outburst hazard in Shigang Coal Mine. The results show advantages of the comprehensive evaluation model established from the six characteristic indicators when predicting an outburst.
Quantitative Reconstruction of Precipitation and Lake Areas During Early to Middle Holocene in Mu Us Desert, North China
Authors: Li Dawei , Wu Yongqiu , Tan Lihua , Wen Yanglei , Fu Tianyang
Published: March 2022

Paleoclimatic researches have revealed that the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) strengthened and precipitation increased in north China during the early to middle Holocene. The lacustrine landform and sediment recorded approximately simultaneous Holocene high lake levels. However, relatively few studies have been reported involving the quantitative reconstruction of precipitation and lake areas in the Mu Us Desert (MUD), northwest edge area of the modern EASM. Based on the lacustrine landform, and by using the lake hydrologic model, this study quantitatively reconstructed precipitation and lake areas during the early to middle Holocene in the MUD. The results revealed the following: 1) A total of 127 paleolakes existed in the closed drainage area during the early to middle Holocene. The area of paleolakes was 896.1 km2, which is 2.96 times that of modern lakes. The relative height between the highstand and the modern lake surface is ∼5–9 m. 2) Precipitation during the early to middle Holocene decreased from 550 mm in the southeast to 350 mm in the northwest. The 400 mm isohyet moved 130–170 km to the northwest, roughly coincident with the modern 250 mm isohyet. 3) The relative increase in precipitation was ∼32–60%, and the increase in the west was significantly higher than in the east. The precipitation gradient in much of the MUD was lower than the present. The results show that the monsoon edge area and monsoon rain belt migrated to the northwest during the early to middle Holocene. The MUD was stably dominated by the EASM. Data also showed that the spatio-temporal pattern of the climate during the early to middle Holocene was relatively humid with a decreased precipitation gradient for millennia.
Characteristics of Transient Eddies During Ural Blocking Events With Different Lifetime in Winter
Authors: Zhang Jinyu , Li Yan , Wang Zhilan , Zhang Yu , Lu Yao
Published: March 2022

Ural blocking high (hereafter UB) is one of the most important weather systems influencing the weather and climate of China, with its onset and development closely connected with transient eddies. Herein, we classified the wintertime UB events during 1979–2015 into three types according to their lifetime, i.e., short, medium, and long lifetime UB events and further analyzed the characteristics of momentum and heat fluxes transported by transient eddies during the three types of UB events. The results show that the eddy momentum and heat transport by transient eddies over the Ural regions is strong, while the westerly is weak, favorable for the establishment and maintenance of the UB. Before the onset of all the UB events there are enhanced lower-level temperature disturbances, decelerated westerly and convergence of transient momentum and heat fluxes. After the onset of the UB, the upper-level jet stream is accelerated and eddy flux convergence is enhanced. Furthermore, it is found that the duration and position of convergence could be one of important factors determining the lifetime of UB event. The long-time strong convergence of transient eddies favors the maintenance of UB. During long UB events, the polar jet and the convergence of eddy momentum fluxes have the strongest intensity and northward shifted position. The convergence is further strengthened until Day +2 and weakened since Day +7, favorable for the long-time maintenance of UB. There is convergence on Day -3 of both short and medium UB events, which disappears on Day +4 during short events, while strengthened after the onset of medium events, leading to a long-time maintenance of UB. Furthermore, among the three types of UB events, the upward propagation of wave activity and E-P flux divergence are the strongest and most long-lasting during long UB events, while the weakest and shortest during short UB events, which can also verify strong atmospheric baroclinicity and long-lasting strong convergence of transient eddies are favorable for long duration of the UB.
Triglyceride Glucose Index Is More Closely Related to Hyperuricemia Than Obesity Indices in the Medical Checkup Population in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Kahaer Mayina , Zhang Bei , Chen Wujin , Liang Meiting , He Yi , Chen Miao , Li Rui , Tian Tingting , Hu Cheng , Sun Yuping
Published: March 2022

Background

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic anomaly with an increased incidence rate, causing a global medical burden. Several studies have confirmed that obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are the risk factors for HUA. Reports on the predictive power of different obesity indices for HUA are limited. This study aimed to compare the association between different general, abdominal, and visceral obesity indices and markers of the IR-triglyceride glucose (TyG) index with serum uric acid (SUA) and to assess the ability of these indices to predict HUA.

Methods

A total of 2243 participants were recruited from Barkol County Hospital and surrounding township hospitals in Xinjiang. Obesity indices, including the atherogenic index of plasma, cardiometabolic index, visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product index, a body shape index, body roundness index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, body mass index, and TyG index, were divided into four quartiles. Moreover, partial correlations and logistic regression were used to analyze the association between these indices and SUA. The area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the predictive value of these indices for HUA.

Results

After controlling for confounding variables, the association between the TyG index and HUA was stronger than that between the obesity indices in both males and females. The odds ratios (ORs) for HUA in the highest quartile of the TyG index were 2.098 (95% confidence interval, 1.555–2.831) in males and 7.788 (95% CI, 3.581–16.937) in females. For males, the AIP, CMI, VAI, LAP index, and TyG index were able to discriminate HUA, and the TyG index showed the highest AUC value of 0.586 (95% CI, 0.557–0.614;P < 0.001). For females, all indices, except BMI, can discriminate HUA. Moreover, the visceral obesity index CMI showed the highest AUC value of 0.737 (95% CI, 0.691–0.782;P< 0.001). Meanwhile, the TyG index had a relatively high AUC value of 0.728 (95% CI, 0.682–0.773;P< 0.001).

Conclusion

The TyG index was significantly related to HUA and was superior to obesity indices in identifying HUA in the medical checkup population in Xinjiang, China.
Model-Based Deep Transfer Learning Method to Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Yao Yuantao , Ge Daochuan , Yu Jie , Xie Min
Published: March 2022

Deep learning–based nuclear intelligent fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) methods have been widely developed and have achieved very competitive results with the progress of artificial intelligence technology. However, the pretrained model for diagnosis tasks is hard in achieving good performance when the reactor operation conditions are updated. On the other hand, retraining the model for a new data set will waste computing resources. This article proposes an FDD method for cross-condition and cross-facility tasks based on the optimized transferable convolutional neural network (CNN) model. First, by using the pretrained model's prior knowledge, the model's diagnosis performance to be transferred for source domain data sets is improved. Second, a model-based transfer learning strategy is adopted to freeze the feature extraction layer in a part of the training model. Third, the training data in target domain data sets are used to optimize the model layer by layer to find the optimization model with the transferred layer. Finally, the proposed comprehensive simulation platform provides source and target cross-condition and cross-facility data sets to support case studies. The designed model utilizes the strong nonlinear feature extraction performance of a deep network and applies the prior knowledge of pretrained models to improve the accuracy and timeliness of training. The results show that the proposed method is superior to achieving good generalization performance at less training epoch than the retraining benchmark deep CNN model.
Trends in Deforestation as a Response to Management Regimes and Policy Intervention in the Hindu Kush Himalaya of Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Adnan , Ahmad Shahid , Nabi Ghulam , Liu Qi-Jing , Islam Nazirul , Luan Xiaofeng
Published: March 2022

Based on the annual rate of deforestation as a forest conservation outcome, this study evaluated how effective is the existing forest management regime in controlling deforestation in the study area. Remote sensing data were used to measure the rate of deforestation. Furthermore, the existing forest management regime in the study area, as well as in other regions of the Himalayan and Karakoram ranges of Pakistan and the Himalayan temperate biome of India, China, Nepal, and Bhutan, was reviewed to compare deforestation. The results showed that, with regional-wise management regimes, the overall annual rate of deforestation was recorded much higher in the study area (0.8 yr−1) compared to the Himalayan and Karakoram ranges of Azad Kashmir (0.13% yr−1), Punjab (0.20% yr−1), and Gilgit Baltistan (0.31% yr−1). The cross-national and site-regional findings highlighted that lowest deforestation was associated with management regimes characterized by effective monitoring and law enforcement with the inclusion of conservation and community. Deforestation was higher in forest management regimes that aimed to maximize economic growth, unstable rights, weak law enforcement, and exclusion of conservation and community-based management/use. In conclusion, the best forest conservation outcomes are associated with management regimes that include conservation and community and stable and secure rights supported by high-ranking monitoring and law enforcement. Therefore, the inclusion of community and conservation supplemented with stable rights and high-rank monitoring and law enforcement into the existing management regimes is suggested.
GOing Forward With the Cardiac Conduction System Using Gene Ontology
Authors: Chloe Li Kan Yan , Cook Andrew C , Lovering Ruth C
Published: March 2022

The cardiac conduction system (CCS) comprises critical components responsible for the initiation, propagation, and coordination of the action potential. Aberrant CCS development can cause conduction abnormalities, including sick sinus syndrome, accessory pathways, and atrioventricular and bundle branch blocks. Gene Ontology (GO; http://geneontology.org/) is an invaluable global bioinformatics resource which provides structured, computable knowledge describing the functions of gene products. Many gene products are known to be involved in CCS development; however, this information is not comprehensively captured by GO. To address the needs of the heart development research community, this study aimed to describe the specific roles of proteins reported in the literature to be involved with CCS development and/or function. 14 proteins were prioritized for GO annotation which led to the curation of 15 peer-reviewed primary experimental articles using carefully selected GO terms. 152 descriptive GO annotations, including those describing sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node development were created and submitted to the GO Consortium database. A functional enrichment analysis of 35 key CCS development proteins confirmed that this work has improved the in-silico interpretation of this CCS dataset. This work may improve future investigations of the CCS with application of high-throughput methods such as genome-wide association studies analysis, proteomics, and transcriptomics.