bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Targeting S. aureus Extracellular Vesicles: A New Putative Strategy to Counteract Their Pathogenic Potential
Authors: Petronio Petronio Giulio , Di Naro Maria , Venditti Noemi , Guarnieri Antonio , Cutuli Marco Alfio , Magnifico Irene , Medoro Alessandro , Foderà Emanuele , Passarella Daniela , Nicolosi Daria , Di Marco Roberto
Published: June 2024

Long-term inflammatory skin disease atopic dermatitis is characterized by dry skin, itching, and eczematous lesions. During inflammation skin barrier protein impairment promotes S. aureus colonisation in the inflamed skin, worsening AD patient’s clinical condition. Proteomic analysis revealed the presence of several immune evasion proteins and virulence factors in S. aureus extracellular vesicles (EVs), suggesting a possible role for these proteins in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a wall fragment obtained from a patented strain of C. acnes DSM28251 (c40) and its combination with a mucopolysaccharide carrier (HAc40) in counteract the pathogenic potential of EVs produced by S. aureus ATCC 14458. Results obtained from in vitro studies on HaCaT keratinocyte cells showed that HAc40 and c40 treatment significantly altered the size and pathogenicity of S. aureus EVs. Specifically, EVs grew larger, potentially reducing their ability to interact with the target cells and decreasing cytotoxicity. Additionally, the overexpression of the tight junctions mRNA zona occludens 1 (ZO1) and claudin 1 (CLDN1) following EVs exposure was decreased by HAc40 and c40 treatment, indicating a protective effect on the epidermal barrier’s function. These findings demonstrate how Hac40 and c40 may mitigate the harmful effects of S. aureus EVs. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying this interaction and explore the potential clinical utility of c40 and its mucopolysaccharide carrier conjugate HAc40 in managing atopic dermatitis.
Expanding the Manufacturing Approaches for Gastroretentive Drug Delivery Systems with 3D Printing Technology
Authors: Turac Imola-Rebeka , Porfire Alina , Iurian Sonia , Crișan Andrea Gabriela , Casian Tibor , Iovanov Rareș , Tomuță Ioan
Published: June 2024

Gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDSs) have gained substantial attention in the last 20 years due to their ability to retain the drug in the stomach for an extended time, thus promoting an extended release and high bioavailability for a broad range of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that are pH-sensitive and/or have a narrow absorption window. The currently existing GRDDSs include floating, expanding, mucoadhesive, magnetic, raft-forming, ion-exchanging, and high-density systems. Although there are seven types of systems, the main focus is on floating, expanding, and mucoadhesive systems produced by various techniques, 3D printing being one of the most revolutionary and currently studied ones. This review assesses the newest production technologies and briefly describes the in vitro and in vivo evaluation methods, with the aim of providing a better overall understanding of GRDDSs as a novel emerging strategy for targeted drug delivery.
Using Team-Based Learning to Teach Pharmacology within the Medical Curriculum
Authors: Luitjes Nora L. D. , van der Velden Gisela J. , Pandit Rahul
Published: June 2024

The primary goal of pharmacology teaching is to prepare medical students to prescribe medications both safely and efficiently. At the Utrecht University Medical School, pharmacology is integrated into the three-year bachelor’s curriculum, primarily through large group sessions with limited interaction. A recent evaluation highlighted students’ appreciation for pharmacology teaching, but students admitted to attending these teaching moments unprepared, resulting in passive learning. To address this, team-based learning (TBL) was implemented to facilitate learning through interaction, critical thinking, problem solving and reflection through six steps, from superficial to deeper cognitive learning. This study, conducted over two academic years, assessed students’ perception and performance regarding TBL. Analysis of a digital questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale showed high student satisfaction with TBL as a teaching methodology. However, confidence in pharmacology knowledge following TBL was moderate. TBL attendees outperformed non-attendees in pharmacology-related exam questions, indicating that TBL has a positive impact on student performance. We conclude that TBL is an engaging and effective method for pharmacology education, positively influencing student learning and performance. This method could be broadly applied for teaching pharmacology within the medical curriculum or other biomedical programs.
Methods Controlling Radiation Parameters of Mode-Locked All-Fiberized Lasers
Authors: Kobtsev Sergey
Published: June 2024

Fibre lasers are distinct in that their optical train is decoupled from the environment, especially in the all-fibre format. The attractive side of this decoupling is the simplicity of maintenance (no need to align the cavity or keep the optical elements clean), but the flip side of this is the difficulty one encounters when trying to control the output parameters. The components used in all-fibre laser cavities are usually different from those of free-space laser cavities and require new approaches to control. Essentially, an important task emerges, i.e., research and development of all-fibre laser components able to adjust their parameters (ideally by electronic means) in order to tune key parameters of the output radiation—wavelength, output power, and so on. The present review analyses the existing methods of control over the output parameters of mode-locked all-fibre lasers. It is further noted that a method relying on several independently pumped active media may be promising in this regard.
Quaternion-Based Attitude Estimation of an Aircraft Model Using Computer Vision
Authors: Kasula Pavithra , Whidborne James F. , Rana Zeeshan A.
Published: June 2024

Investigating aircraft flight dynamics often requires dynamic wind tunnel testing. This paper proposes a non-contact, off-board instrumentation method using vision-based techniques. The method utilises a sequential process of Harris corner detection, Kanade–Lucas–Tomasi tracking, and quaternions to identify the Euler angles from a pair of cameras, one with a side view and the other with a top view. The method validation involves simulating a 3D CAD model for rotational motion with a single degree-of-freedom. The numerical analysis quantifies the results, while the proposed approach is analysed analytically. This approach results in a 45.41% enhancement in accuracy over an earlier direction cosine matrix method. Specifically, the quaternion-based method achieves root mean square errors of 0.0101 rad/s, 0.0361 rad/s, and 0.0036 rad/s for the dynamic measurements of roll rate, pitch rate, and yaw rate, respectively. Notably, the method exhibits a 98.08% accuracy for the pitch rate. These results highlight the performance of quaternion-based attitude estimation in dynamic wind tunnel testing. Furthermore, an extended Kalman filter is applied to integrate the generated on-board instrumentation data (inertial measurement unit, potentiometer gimbal) and the results of the proposed vision-based method. The extended Kalman filter state estimation achieves root mean square errors of 0.0090 rad/s, 0.0262 rad/s, and 0.0034 rad/s for the dynamic measurements of roll rate, pitch rate, and yaw rate, respectively. This method exhibits an improved accuracy of 98.61% for the estimation of pitch rate, indicating its higher efficiency over the standalone implementation of the direction cosine method for dynamic wind tunnel testing.
The Impact of Scale on Extracting Individual Mobility Patterns from Location-Based Social Media
Authors: Bin Asad Khan Mortuza , Yuan Yihong
Published: June 2024

Understanding human movement patterns is crucial for comprehending how a city functions. It is also important for city planners and policymakers to create more efficient plans and policies for urban areas. Traditionally, human movement patterns were analyzed using origin–destination surveys, travel diaries, and other methods. Now, these patterns can be identified from various geospatial big data sources, such as mobile phone data, floating car data, and location-based social media (LBSM) data. These extensive datasets primarily identify individual or collective human movement patterns. However, the impact of spatial scale on the analysis of human movement patterns from these large geospatial data sources has not been sufficiently studied. Changes in spatial scale can significantly affect the results when calculating human movement patterns from these data. In this study, we utilized Weibo datasets for three different cities in China including Beijing, Guangzhou, and Shanghai. We aimed to identify the effect of different spatial scales on individual human movement patterns as calculated from LBSM data. For our analysis, we employed two indicators as follows: an external activity space indicator, the radius of gyration (ROG), and an internal activity space indicator, entropy. These indicators were chosen based on previous studies demonstrating their efficiency in analyzing sparse datasets like LBSM data. Additionally, we used two different ranges of spatial scales—10–100 m and 100–3000 m—to illustrate changes in individual activity space at both fine and coarse spatial scales. Our results indicate that although the ROG values show an overall increasing trend and the entropy values show an overall decreasing trend with the increase in spatial scale size, different local factors influence the ROG and entropy values at both finer and coarser scales. These findings will help to comprehend the dynamics of human movement across different scales. Such insights are invaluable for enhancing overall urban mobility and optimizing transportation systems.
Sustainability Assessment Tools for Dairy Supply Chains: A Typology
Authors: Paçarada Rita , Hörtenhuber Stefan , Hemme Torsten , Wurzinger Maria , Zollitsch Werner
Published: June 2024

The dairy sector faces increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices. Various tools have been developed to evaluate sustainability of the dairy supply chain. This paper provides an overview of these tools, highlighting their strengths and limitations regarding sustainability dimensions, indicators, and system boundaries. A systematic literature search identified 27 tools that were then categorized into a typology based on dimensions of sustainability, geographical applicability, and accessibility. In-depth analysis was conducted on six tools: Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture (SAFA), Sustainability Monitoring and Assessment RouTine (SMART), Response-Inducing Sustainability Evaluation (RISE) 3.0 version, Swiss Agricultural Life Cycle Assessment (SALCAsustain), MOnitoring Tool for Integrated Farm Sustainability (MOTIFS), and Technology Impact and Policy Impact CALculations (TIPICAL). Assessment focused on the relevance of covered sustainability dimensions to the dairy sector, level of supply chain coverage, type of indicators, accessibility, and practicability. The review identified tools which integrate multiple sustainability aspects in a comprehensive way (SAFA and SMART) and tools offering accurate quantification of the impact on sustainability dimensions of the production system (SALCAsustain, RISE, MOTIFS, TIPICAL). Only two tools extend assessment past the farm gate (SAFA, SMART). Future users should select tools based on the specific objectives of measuring sustainability in dairy systems. This review contributes to the literature by addressing various aspects of sustainability assessment tools, by addressing the need for an integrated and comprehensive view, and by considering the entire dairy supply chain.
Health Effects of Participation in Creating Urban Green Spaces—A Systematic Review
Authors: Ihle Tobias , Jahr Ellen , Martens Dörte , Muehlan Holger , Schmidt Silke
Published: June 2024

The participation of citizens in creating urban green spaces is a promising approach to promoting health and wellbeing while facilitating the development of equitable cities more prepared for the challenges of climate change. This systematic review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge by synthesizing and summarizing scholarly articles reporting studies on the health effects of participation in green space creation. A review protocol was preregistered on PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023454363). Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched six databases for studies published since 2003. After screening 2676 records, we found 133 studies matching our inclusion criteria and summarized the findings on health effects in qualitative and quantitative research, differentiating between study types, population types, and intervention types. In addition, we explored secondary outcomes mentioned in the included articles. The majority of studies reported positive impacts of participatory green space creation on general, mental, and physical health. Moreover, many studies reported other personal and social benefits. The results of this review indicate that the participatory creation of urban green spaces represents a promising approach to promoting health and wellbeing. Nevertheless, further high-quality, quantitative research is required to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between participatory green space activities and health, particularly with regard to the benefits of specific intervention types and subpopulations.
Analysis of the Ecological Footprint from the Extraction and Processing of Materials in the LCA Phase of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Siwiec Dominika , Frącz Wiesław , Pacana Andrzej , Janowski Grzegorz , Bąk Łukasz
Published: June 2024

The development of batteries used in electric vehicles towards sustainable development poses challenges to designers and manufacturers. Although there has been research on the analysis of the environmental impact of batteries during their life cycle (LCA), there is still a lack of comparative analyses focusing on the first phase, i.e., the extraction and processing of materials. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to perform a detailed comparative analysis of popular electric vehicle batteries. The research method was based on the analysis of environmental burdens regarding the ecological footprint of the extraction and processing of materials in the life cycle of batteries for electric vehicles. Popular batteries were analyzed: lithium-ion (Li-Ion), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), and three-component lithium nickel cobalt manganese (NCM). The ecological footprint criteria were carbon dioxide emissions, land use (including modernization and land development) and nuclear energy emissions. This research was based on data from the GREET model and data from the Ecoinvent database in the OpenLCA programme. The results of the analysis showed that considering the environmental loads for the ecological footprint, the most advantageous from the environmental point of view in the extraction and processing of materials turned out to be a lithium iron phosphate battery. At the same time, key environmental loads occurring in the first phase of the LCA of these batteries were identified, e.g., the production of electricity using hard coal, the production of quicklime, the enrichment of phosphate rocks (wet), the production of phosphoric acid, and the uranium mine operation process. To reduce these environmental burdens, improvement actions are proposed, resulting from a synthesized review of the literature. The results of the analysis may be useful in the design stages of new batteries for electric vehicles and may constitute the basis for undertaking pro-environmental improvement actions toward the sustainable development of batteries already present on the market.
Treatment with Antihistamines and the Risk of Liver Cancer in Patients with Viral Hepatitis: A Multi-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Chan Shu-Yen , Chang Yushan , Polpichai Natchaya , Lee Yuan-Ti , Ma Kevin Sheng-Kai
Published: June 2024

Background: The effects of antihistamines on cancer risk and prognosis have been inconsistent across cancers. The aim of this multi-center cohort study was to investigate the association between antihistamine use and the risk of liver cancer in individuals with viral hepatitis. Methods: This multi-center cohort study included individuals diagnosed with hepatitis B or hepatitis C between January 2008 and March 2022. For antihistamine-treated patients, the index date was the date of antihistamine prescription, and for non-users, it was the date of hepatitis diagnosis. Participants were followed for five years, with the primary outcome of interest being new-onset liver cancer. The incidence rate and the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) along with its 95% confidence interval (CI) of the outcome were calculated. Subgroup analyses were conducted, stratified by types of viral hepatitis including hepatitis C and hepatitis B. An additional validation study was performed. Results: The study included a total of 7748 patients with viral hepatitis. The incidence rate was 12.58 per 1000 person-years in patients with viral hepatitis on antihistamines, compared to 3.88 per 1000 person-years in those without antihistamine use. After adjusting for factors including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, laboratory data of liver function tests, comedications, and the use of antiviral therapies, the risk of new-onset liver cancer was significantly higher in patients on antihistamines (aHR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.28–2.60). In patients with hepatitis C, the incidence rate in the antihistamine group was 15.73 per 1000 person-years, while non-users had a rate of 4.79 per 1000 person-years. Patients with hepatitis C on antihistamines had a significantly higher risk of developing liver cancer (aHR = 3.24, 95% CI, 2.16–4.86). Conclusions: This multi-center cohort study reported an increased risk of liver cancer in patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C treated with antihistamines. Long-term follow-up studies are warranted to validate the findings.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Adult Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Germany: Clinical Features and Molecular Epidemiology of the Fusion Protein in the Severe Respiratory Season of 2022/2023
Authors: Hönemann Mario , Maier Melanie , Frille Armin , Thiem Stephanie , Bergs Sandra , Williams Thomas C. , Mas Vicente , Lübbert Christoph , Pietsch Corinna
Published: June 2024

Following an interseasonal rise in mainly pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cases in Germany in 2021, an exceptionally high number of adult cases was observed in the subsequent respiratory season of 2022/2023. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical presentation of RSV infections in the pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic periods. Additionally, the local epidemiology of the RSV fusion protein was analyzed at a molecular genetic and amino acid level. RSV detections in adults peaked in calendar week 1 of 2023, 8 weeks earlier than the earliest peak observed in the three pre-pandemic seasons. Although the median age of the adult patients was not different (66.5 vs. 65 years), subtle differences between both periods regarding comorbidities and the clinical presentation of RSV cases were noted. High rates of comorbidities prevailed; however, significantly lower numbers of patients with a history of lung transplantation (p = 0.009), chronic kidney disease (p = 0.013), and immunosuppression (p = 0.038) were observed in the 2022/2023 season. In contrast, significantly more lower respiratory tract infections (p < 0.001), in particular in the form of pneumonia (p = 0.015) and exacerbations of obstructive lung diseases (p = 0.008), were detected. An ICU admission was noted for 23.7% of all patients throughout the study period. Sequence analysis of the fusion protein gene revealed a close phylogenetic relatedness, regardless of the season of origin. However, especially for RSV-B, an accumulation of amino acid point substitutions was noted, including in antigenic site Ø. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had a tremendous impact on the seasonality of RSV, and the introduction of new vaccination and immunization strategies against RSV warrants further epidemiologic studies of this important pathogen.
Elucidation of the Epitranscriptomic RNA Modification Landscape of Chikungunya Virus
Authors: Baquero-Pérez Belinda , Bortoletto Enrico , Rosani Umberto , Delgado-Tejedor Anna , Medina Rebeca , Novoa Eva Maria , Venier Paola , Díez Juana
Published: June 2024

The genomes of positive-sense (+) single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses are believed to be subjected to a wide range of RNA modifications. In this study, we focused on the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) as a model (+) ssRNA virus to study the landscape of viral RNA modification in infected human cells. Among the 32 distinct RNA modifications analysed by mass spectrometry, inosine was found enriched in the genomic CHIKV RNA. However, orthogonal validation by Illumina RNA-seq analyses did not identify any inosine modification along the CHIKV RNA genome. Moreover, CHIKV infection did not alter the expression of ADAR1 isoforms, the enzymes that catalyse the adenosine to inosine conversion. Together, this study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to assess the presence of RNA modifications in viral RNA genomes.
The MGF300-2R Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Promotes IKKβ Ubiquitination by Recruiting the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM21
Authors: Lu Zhanhao , Luo Rui , Lan Jing , Chen Shengmei , Qiu Hua-Ji , Wang Tao , Sun Yuan
Published: June 2024

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, hemorrhagic, highly contagious disease in pigs caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). Our previous study identified that the ASFV MGF300-2R protein functions as a virulence factor and found that MGF300-2R degrades IKKβ via selective autophagy. However, the E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for IKKβ ubiquitination during autophagic degradation still remains unknown. In order to solve this problem, we first pulled down 328 proteins interacting with MGF300-2R through immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry. Next, we analyzed and confirmed the interaction between the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 and MGF300-2R and demonstrated the catalytic role of TRIM21 in IKKβ ubiquitination. Finally, we indicated that the degradation of IKKβ by MGF300-2R was dependent on TRIM21. In summary, our results indicate TRIM21 is the E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the degradation of IKKβ by MGF300-2R, thereby augmenting our understanding of the functions of MGF300-2R and offering insights into the rational design of live attenuated vaccines and antiviral strategies against ASF.
Baseflow from Snow and Rain in Mountain Watersheds
Authors: Flynn Helen , Fassnacht Steven R. , MacDonald Marin S. , Pfohl Anna K. D.
Published: June 2024

After peak snowmelt, baseflow is the primary contributor to streamflow in snow-dominated watersheds. These low flows provide important water for municipal, agricultural, and recreational purposes once peak flows have been allocated. This study examines the correlation between peak snow water equivalent (SWE), post-peak SWE precipitation, and baseflow characteristics, including any yearly lag in baseflow. To reflect the hydrologic processes that are occurring in snow-dominated watersheds, we propose using a melt year (MY) beginning with the onset of snowmelt contributions (the first deviation from baseflow) and ending with the onset of the following year’s snowmelt contributions. We identified the beginning of an MY and extracted the subsequent baseflow values using flow duration curves (FDCs) for 12 watersheds of varying sizes across Colorado, USA. Based on the findings, peak SWE and summer rain both dictate baseflow, especially for the larger watersheds evaluated, as identified by higher correlations with the MY-derived baseflow. Lags in the correlation between baseflow and peak SWE are best identified when low-snow years are investigated separately from high-snow years. The MY is a different and more effective approach to calculating baseflow using FDCs in snow-dominated watersheds in Colorado.
The results of the continuation of work on the factory reproduction of tench (Tinca tinca L.) in the Saratov region
Authors:   Saratov branch of “VNIRO” (“SaratovNIRO”), Russia, Saratov, Maslikov V.P. , Kiyashko V.V. ,   Saratov branch of “VNIRO” (“SaratovNIRO”), Russia, Saratov, Domnitsky I.Y. ,   Saratov branch of “VNIRO” (“SaratovNIRO”), Russia, Saratov, Alexandrov Y.V. ,   Saratov branch of “VNIRO” (“SaratovNIRO”), Russia, Saratov
Published: June 2024

The present research is a continuation of experimental work on the factory reproduction of tench in the Saratov region. The purpose of our research was to develop elements of biotechnics that optimize artificial reproduction of tench, since the practice of obtaining larvae of this species of fish in fish farms is extremely limited due to the lack of effective methods of its factory reproduction. The objects of research were breeders of tench caught in the Volgograd reservoir and adapted to growing in pond conditions for two years. Two schemes for stimulating puberty of female tench with acetonated carp pituitary gland were used in the work. The first group of females was injected with pituitary solution twice; the second group was planned to be pierced three times by the pituitary gland. After 19 hours, ovulated oocytes were received from 3 females of the second group, stimulated only by two preliminary injections of the pituitary gland. The other two females of this group received eggs after a further three hours. In the females of the first group, who were injected twice, it was possible to obtain ovulated oocytes only in one 21 hours after the permissive injection. Male tench were injected once simultaneously with the pre-injection of females. Methods of de-gluing fertilized eggs with the help of proteolytic enzymes alkalase and neutrase have been studied. The solution of the enzyme alkalase at a concentration of 3 ml/liter of water and an exposure of 1 minute showed a well-pronounced de-gluing activity, followed by incubation of fertilized eggs with a larval yield of up to 80%. The second batch of ovulated oocytes was desaturated with a neutrase solution at a similar concentration and exposure as alkalases. The results of de-gluing were unsatisfactory, since the eggs were constantly glued to the walls of the flask of the Weiss apparatus.
The use of the complex drug “COLIFLOX® orale” for aeromonosis of carp (Cyprinus carpio) in conditions of cage farming
Authors:   NVT Agrovetzaschita, Russia, Moscow, Goncharova M.N. , Korsakova M.V. ,   NVT Agrovetzaschita, Russia, Moscow, Teymurazov M.G. ,   State Research Center for Applied Biotechnology and Microbiology, Russia, Moscow region, Obolensk, Engashev S.V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Scriabin, Russia, Moscow, Sorokin P.A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after K.I. Scriabin, Russia, Moscow
Published: June 2024

Cage fish farming is accompanied by a high level of organic pollution of the habitat due to high stocking density and intensive feeding. These conditions favor the development of conditionally pathogenic microflora that causes bacterial diseases of fish, which lead to their death, a decrease in growth rates and a violation of the commercial qualities of fish products. Currently, there is no choice of medicines for therapeutic measures for fish bacteriosis, since only one antibacterial drug, Antibac, is allowed for use in aquaculture. In this regard, for the first time, the therapeutic efficacy of a complex medicinal product for veterinary use “COLIFLOX® orale” (manufacturer “AVZ S-P” LLC) based on enrofloxacin and colistin was studied in carp aeromonosis complicated by conditionally pathogenic microflora. For the study, two-year-old carp with an average weight 130±12 g were used, which were kept in the cages of JSC “Biserovsky Fish Processing Plant” (Moscow region). The isolation of pathogens and the determination of their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs were carried out at the FBSI SSC PMB. The experimental and control groups were formed from carp with clinical signs of chronic aeromonosis: focal redness of the skin, scale loss, dark red ulcers located on the sides of the body and caudal stem, partial necrosis of the fins, anal ring hyperemia. During the experiment, it was found that “COLIFLOX ® orale”, used at a dose of 0.2 ml per 1 kg of fish weight for 7 consecutive days with feed, is a reliable and effective remedy for the treatment of mixed bacterial diseases of carp, in which bacteria of the genus Aeromonas play a dominant role.
Rol de la mujer en el turismo: Una visión desde la comuna Tsáchila en Ecuador
Authors: Salazar Andrade Diana Paola , Suntasig Tuasa Lourdes Janneth , Lara Vásconez Rita Sulema , Marcillo Sornoza Zoila Ana
Published: June 2024

Las mujeres juegan un rol significativo en la industria turística ocupando diferentes plazas laborales. En este contexto, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar el rol de las mujeres en el turismo a nivel de la comuna Tsáchila de Chiguilpe en Ecuador. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas con 30 jefes de familia involucrados en el turismo comunitario, revelando una marcada predominancia masculina en el personal (85% hombres, 15% mujeres). La mayoría de los líderes en la comuna eran hombres de más de 42 años, reflejando una brecha generacional y de género en las oportunidades educativas y laborales. A pesar de la activa participación de las mujeres en actividades turísticas, se identificó una clara disparidad de género en los roles directivos, con escaso acceso a recursos y capacitación para las mujeres Tsáchila. Aunque contribuyen al desarrollo turístico y cultural, enfrentan desafíos para su crecimiento y empoderamiento en el sector
MILITARY CONFLICTS AND THE INTERNATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Sarbash S.
Published: June 2024

The article explores modern trends in the development of the international security system in the context of the influence of military conflicts. It is proven that the intensification of uncertainty and tension in global confrontation affects the increase in military spending in countries worldwide. The features of acquiring international characteristics of modern conflicts are highlighted. Dynamic changes in contemporary military spending, factors influencing their dynamics are analysed. Regional peculiarities of shifts in the security environment and trends in military spending are identified. The correlation between the geopolitical interests of countries and the level of military spending are substantiated. The intensification of geo-economic and geopolitical confrontation in the world is analysed in the context of the rivalry between the USA and China – leaders among countries in terms of military spending. The Top 10 countries in the world and Ukraine are analysed by the level of military spending. It is determined that russia's war against Ukraine not only has catastrophic consequences for the European continent but also poses a real threat to the world order and security system. The impact of geopolitical asymmetries and modern global challenges on the escalation of conflicts in the world is proven. Characteristics of modern conflicts defining their asymmetry are identified in the article. The essence of hybrid warfare as a form of modern conflict that combines traditional and non-traditional (military and non-military) measures of purposeful and organized infliction of losses, destruction of the country's potential (economic, innovative, military, demographic, etc.) to achieve strategic goals by the aggressor country is determined. Keywords: conflict, military conflicts, terrorism, military spending, security, international security system, asymmetry, hybrid warfare.
The problem of entering folklore onyms into dictionaries based on Ukrainian ritual folklore
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Kolesnyk N.
Published: June 2024

The article is a continuation of a number of author’s publications dedicated to lexicographical studies of folklore onyms. It is proved that the question of compiling a dictionary of folk proper names, which would systematically cover folk proper names, based on particular descriptive principles according to their specific features, is a current issue today. The paper dwells on the key moments of designing such lexicographical project and concrete samples of the dictionary entries are provided. The entries are based on different genres of the material found in collected works ‘Ukrainian ritual folklore of western lands: Musical anthology (Besarabia, Boikivshchyna, Bukovyna, Volyn, Halychyna, Hutsulshchyna, Zakarpattia, Lemkivshchyna, Pidliashshia, Podillia, Polissia, Pokuttia, Holmshchyna)’ compiled by A. Ivanytskyi. The main principles of compilation of similar lexicographic project were put into practice: polyaspect character; genre principle of compiling a lexicographic publication; denotative and nominative principles of collecting the material to place folklore onyms within a separate dictionary; alphabetical principle of compiling dictionary entries within the same class of onyms. The conducted analysis revealed that the implementation of the principle of polyaspectivity sets the conditions for the collection of factual material. Compiled onymy will have a complete description of the register, and regional and genre diversity. The statistical data is provided for each proper name including its variants that will enable to describe the structure of Ukrainian folklore onym space, trace its kernel and peripheral structure. The illustrations will demonstrate textual use of folklore proper names and their cultural senses. Definitions and information parts (provided if necessary) will specify the status of proper names and peculiarities of their use, will provide inherent to some folklore onyms textual and extra textual connotations, symbolism, ability to be used in semiotic oppositions, etc. Application of the principle of genre and denotative and nominative principles of classification of the material will facilitate scientists to form an objective picture of the national folk books. The compilation of an unabridged dictionary of folk proper names will provide scholars with the relevant material for comprehensive and in-depth studies of this component of national onymy and create optimal conditions for onomast’s studies of the material and types of its analysis. Key words: a folklore onym, а folklore onomastics, а dictionary of folklore onyms, a dictionary entry, lexicography.
Media discourse in the system of communicative types of discourse and its taxonomy
Authors:   Mariupol State University, Voloshyna D. , Gaiduk N. ,   Mariupol State University
Published: June 2024

The article deals with media discourse as a specific type of communicative discourse applied in the mass media, defines the main approaches to the description of the ‘discourse’ as a term, describes the phenomenon of media communication, demonstrates the position of media discourse among other types of communicative discourse as well as its classification. Mass media produce a specific type of discourse used in the media space – media discourse. It is in the media discourse that significant political events are described as well as social, philosophical, cultural, and public trends are reflected. Media discourse holds a special place among other communicative types of discourse. The modern world is characterised by the digitalisation of a developed society, each member of which can no longer imagine life without computer technology. Along with the digitalisation of society, trends towards digitalisation are also observed in modern mass media. In the current century, mass media are progressing every day, they have a dynamic, structured, targeted character, and it is reliably proven that mass media can influence the human mind. In order to fully comprehend the functioning of media discourse as a certain system and the functioning of special speech tools in it, it has become important to deal with the problem of media discourse classification. The components of media discourse comprise not only statements as such, speakers who, most often, must have an official status, the mass audience to which information is conveyed, the communication channel, but also a large number of extralinguistic components, without which media discourse simply will not be such as it is, because the media space is now so intricately intertwined with the life of each person individually and society as a whole that one can no longer imagine one's life without daily and on-going replenishment of media information. The variety of many significant criteria is the very reason for difficulties arising under the attempts to classify media discourse. The discourse of modern media is a multifaceted cognitive and pragmatic phenomenon in which speech performs not only the function of transmitting a message, but also represents a certain social action, whilst in the media discourse of modern media, not only verbal, but also nonverbal means of communication actively function. Key-words: discourse, discourse studies, communicative discourse, media, mediatized society, digitalisation.
PENGAJARAN AGAMA KATOLIK DI SEKOLAH MENUMBUH NILAI KEJUJURAN DAN KEBENARAN DALAM DIRI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Wilhelmus Ola Rongan
Published: June 2024

Honesty and truth are the important values ​​for human life because they are related to the good behaviors. Educational institution has an important role in educating students’ character of being honesty and truth in the life of students at school. Catholic religious teaching in schools is an effort made by a Catholic religious teacher to instill so called Christian values of honesty and truth in life of students. The research conducted with the following aims: 1) to analyze the extent of efforts made by Catholic religious teacher to instill the values ​​of honesty and truth in students’ life; and 2) to analyze the extent to which those values taught by Catholic religious teachers have a positive impact on the students' behavior. The research was conducted using qualitative methods. Research data was obtained through individual interviews. Research data analysis used an inductive approach. The results of research data analysis revealed that majority of informants revealed that they had tried their best to instill the values ​​of honesty and truth in the life of students through Catholic religious teaching in schools.
DUKUNGAN ORANG TUA BAGI REMAJA KATOLIK DI TENGAH MASALAH KENAKALAN REMAJA
Authors: Wulandari Agnes Astri , Wijaya Albert I Ketut Deni
Published: June 2024

Juvenile delinquency refers to such actions that violate laws as well as societal values. It is caused by unresolved internal conflicts within adolescents. Parental support is crucial for adolescents regarding to this unresolved conflicts. This research aims to empirically examine the parental support for Catholic adolescents related to the issue of juvenile delinquency. The study was conducted in the Rejoso Basic Chiristian Community of the St. Mary Parish, Blitar, focusing on Christian families with adolescent children. Respondents for this research were selected through purposive sampling. This technique allows the researcher to personally choose appropriate informants who are knowledgeable or have extensive information related to the researched issue. Data collection methods for this study included structured interviews and observation. Structured interviews used an interview guide consisting of questions formulated based on the research problems. The research results indicated that parental support for Catholic adolescents significantly influences their church life related to the current issues of juvenile delinquency. The role of parents in the religious education of adolescents in Catholic families in the digital era involves guiding, supervising, and supporting the adolescents. The presence of parents must be friendly and become a good role models for their teenagers.
سلام الدين طوبراق وشعره العربي
Authors: Kazan Faruk
Published: June 2024

هذا البحث يقدم معلومات عن حياة سلام الدين طوبراق، ودراساته وانتاجاته الفكرية وشخصيته الأدبية، وهو شاعر كردي وعربي، أنشد أشعارا باللغتين الكردية والعربية. ولد في قرية تَاخِكْ (Taşpınar) التابعة لمقاطعة سِيلْوَانْ (Silvan) في دياربكر (Diyarbakır). يذكر البحث أن سلام الدين طوبراق تلقى دراسته المدرسة عند والده، وأنه عمل إمامًا في قرى مختلفة، وأنه استخدم أشكالاً وأساليبَ من الأدب العربي الكلاسيكي في شعره العربي، وأنه تناول موضوعات مثل الحب والدين والتصوف والأخلاق، وأنه تأثر بالأدب الكردي والعربي، وأنه استخدم لغة بسيطة وواضحة، وأحيانًا أدخل عبارات وكلمات كردية. في نهاية البحث، يُشار إلى أن شعر سلام الدين طوبراق به بعض النقائص، وأنه ارتكب بعض الأخطاء في النحو والصرف وبناء الجملة العربية، وأنه خالف بعض القواعد لإتقان الوزن والقافية. مصادر البحث هي مقابلات أجريت مع سلام الدين طوبراق نفسه، شعره، ودراسات باحثين آخرين
Kur’ân’da Yeryüzü Merkezli Doğal Afetlerle İlgili Olarak Zikredilen Bazı Kavramların Bağlamsal Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aydın Halil İbrahim
Published: June 2024

Kur’ân’da deprem başta olmak üzere kuraklık, kıtlık, sel, su taşkını, erozyon ve obruk gibi yeryüzünde gerçekleşen jeolojik, klimatik ve biyolojik afetlerle ilgili kavramlara yer verilmektedir. Çalışma, tarama yöntemi kullanılarak ilgili ayetlerden söz konusu bu kavramların tespit edilmesi ve bağlamlarının tefsir kaynakları başta olmak üzere çeşitli eserlerden araştırılıp ortaya konulmasıyla hazırlanmıştır. Münâsebâtü’l-âyât ve’s-süver ve nazmü’l-Kur’ân ilimlerinin verilerinden istifade edilerek söz konusu bu kavramların Kur’an’da hangi bağlamda zikredildiği hususu incelenmiş olup sosyal varlık olan ve dünyanın kendisine emanet edildiği insanın doğal afet konusundaki tutumu ve sorumluğuyla ilgili Kur’ân’ın bakış açısına bir nebze ışık tutulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde deprem başta olmak üzere Kur’ân’da zikredilen bazı afetlerin sadece bir ceza olarak insanoğlunun başına gelmediği, bunun ötesinde çeşitli hikmetler barındırdığı hususunun ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
Examination of Special Talent Students’ Immediate Emotions Regarding Music with Different Emotions
Authors: Bağrıaçık Belgin , Konik-Köksal Ayça , Coşkun Hamit
Published: June 2024

Gifted individuals are more advanced than their peers in cognitive, affective, psychomotor, or creative areas. This study aimed to find an answer to how gifted students’ immediate emotional states change by means of music containing different emotions. The sample of the study consisted of 122 students studying at Adana BİLSEM. Their moods were measured after listening to different pieces of music. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the emotions that the students felt with different music, they felt more positive emotions, and the girls felt the emotion much more than the boys. The results of this study can be used to better understand gifted students and to develop musical activities to help them manage their emotions.
Mid-Semester Course Evaluations: Meta Evaluation of Higher Education Course Coordinators’ Evaluative Practices
Authors: Sabapathy Chitra
Published: June 2024

Background: Mid-semester evaluations are gaining traction as a means to gather evaluation data for formative purposes. However, it is not clear if course coordinators who conduct these evaluations are adequately equipped with evaluative knowledge and skills to guide them through their evaluative processes.Objectives: This study is a meta-evaluation of course coordinators’ mid-semester evaluative practices in a Higher Education institution language centre and the extent to which their evaluative practices are attuned to RUFDATA for its preparatory design framework in the evaluative process and Utilization-Focused Evaluation (UFE) for its sets of principles with regards to uses and users and how these impact on the design and use of the evaluation. Research design & subjects: Data was gathered using meta evaluative mixed methods from three groups of participants consisting of course coordinators, academics who taught on their courses and their learners.Results: The results imply that whilst most course coordinators who participated in the study conducted mid-semester evaluations and that their evaluative practices contained some elements from the frameworks, it is problematic to align their evaluative practices and processes against these tools due to the challenges that they encountered in their evaluative processes.Conclusions: As important agents of evaluations in mid semester evaluations, it should be noted that course coordinators are not trained evaluators and conducting evaluations does not constitute a major component of their professional duties and roles. This study has implications for higher education policies and practices, commissioners, and users of evaluations.
Colonial Landscape Navigation: Postcolonial Ecocriticism in Sea of Poppies by Amitav Ghosh
Authors: Eswaraiah Harsha , Ravi Kumar J.G , Narasimha Murthy S.V.
Published: June 2024

This article examines how colonialism, ecology, and postcolonial viewpoints interact in Amitav Ghosh’s novel. The main themes and theoretical frameworks used to analyse the novel’s representation of a colonial environment and its ecological repercussions are highlighted in this study. Sea of Poppies by Amitav Ghosh brings readers to a 19th-century India firmly enmeshed in British colonialism. This work explores the intricate interactions between people and the environment, exploring the massive ecological changes brought on by imperial conquest via a postcolonial eco-critical perspective. This study reveals the novel’s ecological roots by looking at how Ghosh questions conventional narratives and presents a criticism of the effects of colonial rule on both human and non-human beings. The research emphasises the function of landscape as a place of contestation and resistance, illuminating how nature is exploited and perverted within the colonial setting by drawing on postcolonial theory and eco-critical frameworks. Important problems about power dynamics, environmental justice, and the connections between capitalism and ecological degradation are brought up by Ghosh’s depictions of the opium trade, the transatlantic slave trade, and the privatisation of nature.