bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi nde Bulunan Bronz Kandiller (MS I – MS VII. Yüzyıllar)
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Yurdagül , ÖZDEMİR M. Tuncay
Published: June 2024

Çalışmamızın konusunu Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde bulunan Roma Dönemi ve Geç Antik Çağ’a tarihlenen bronz kandiller oluşturmaktadır. Erken dönemlerden itibaren kandillerin, günlük yaşamda evlerin aydınlatılmasında, resmi ve dinî törenlerde kullanıldığı, ayrıca ölü hediyesi olarak da mezarlara konulduğu bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde bulunan satın alma ve müsadere yoluyla müze koleksiyonuna dâhil edilen 33 adet bronz kandil ele alınmıştır. Bronz kandiller bronzun eritilerek yeniden kullanılabilen bir malzeme olması nedeniyle pişmiş toprak kandillere göre daha az sayıda günümüze ulaşmıştır. Bronz kandil yapımının MS I. yüzyıldan itibaren yaygınlaştığı bilinmektedir. Bu dönem bronz kandillerin Geç Hellenistik Dönem pişmiş toprak kandillere benzedikleri görülmektedir. MS IV-V. yüzyıldan itibaren ise antikçağ kandillerinin üslup özelliklerine Hristiyanlık sembolleri eklenerek dinî ve günlük kullanıma uygun kandillerin yapımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Konya Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde bulunan Roma Dönemi ve Geç Antik Çağ kandillerinde de bu değişimi izlemek mümkündür. Çalışmamızda incelediğimiz eserler, formlarına göre gruplandırılarak Roma Dönemi ve Geç Antik Çağ olmak üzere alt başlıklar altında detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Eserler, Türkiye ve yurt dışı müzeleri ile özel koleksiyonlardaki benzer örneklerlerle ilişkilendirilerek tarihlendirme önerileri yapılmıştır.
An Evaluation of the Symposion Scene Relief and Shield Block in Kayabaş (Korkuteli)
Authors: KABAKAŞ Bahadır , KIZGUT İsa
Published: June 2024

Antikçağ kültürlerinde mezar sahibinin kimliğini, özelliklerini, mesleğini veya üstün bir yönünü vurgulamak amacıyla mezar yapıları üzerinde, yazıt ve figürsel anlatımlara rastlanır. Kayabaş’ta görülen symposion sahnesi ile mezar sahibinin şanını gösteren anlatım; Mezopotamya kültürleri, Anadolu ve Antik Hellen dünyasında da sevilerek uygulanmıştır. Kayabaş Mahallesi’ndeki ana kaya kütlesi üzerinde yer alan genel figüratif anlatıların yerel bir örneği olan symposion kabartmasının sol tarafında yer alan, tepeleri oval formlu, tabanları düz, birbirine bitişik ve aynı zemini paylaşan iki kabartma, ana sahneyle bütünlük oluşturuyor görünmektedir. Kabartmaların güneyinde ve zeminde tahrip olmuş iki adet lahit teknesi, büyük ölçekli yuvarlak bir taş blok vardır. Yakın çevrede taş ocağı, 2 ostothek yuvası, 4 khamosorion, biri sağlam, biri kırık, diğeri tamamen ufalanmış 3 lahit daha bulunmaktadır. Söz konusu kalıntılar bu alanın bir nekropol olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra kabartma ve alanda bağımsız olarak yer alan yuvarlak bir taş blok incelenmiş ve öneriler geliştirilmiştir.
Son Arkeolojik Araştırmalar Işığında Germanicia da Bulunan Afrika Kırmızı Astarlı Seramikleri
Authors: OK Mehmet
Published: June 2024

Germanicia, antikçağda Cilicia-Cappadocia sınırında, Commagene Bölgesi’nde, günümüzde ise Kahramanmaraş ili, Dulkadiroğlu ilçesinde yer almaktadır. Antik kentte 2021 yılında gerçekleştirilen kazı çalışmalarında mozaik zemin döşemeli bir konut yapısı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu alandan ele geçen Afrika Kırmızı Astarlı Seramikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Kapların form tipolojisinin oluşturulmasında, Hayes’in gruplandırması örnek alınmıştır. Buna göre 8 farklı form tespit edilmiştir. Germanicia’da bulunan Afrika Kırmızı Astarlı Seramik formlarının benzerleri, Anadolu’da pek çok kentte bulunmaktadır. Ancak kapalı bir form olan oinophoros (?) ise sadece Germanicia’da bulunmuş olup ünik bir eser olarak nitelendirilebilir. Bu kapsamda incelenen Germanicia buluntusu Afrika Kırmızı Astarlı Seramikleri MS IV. yüzyıl ile MS VII. yüzyıl arasını göstermektedir. Antik kentte bulunan bu seramikler, söz konusu tarihler içerisinde Kuzey Afrika ile ticari ilişkilerinin olduğunu göstermektedir.
The Probability of Paradise Lost
Authors: Rickard Matt
Published: June 2024

Abstract: For much of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, probability had been a quality of the propositions, sentences, and arguments extracted from a larger work for the purpose of example and instruction. But in the late seventeenth century, the concept grew into a criterion for the judgment of works in their entirety. The scenes of argument in Paradise Lost (1667) turned humanist convention against itself, and in so doing, helped usher probability into "the principal rule" of literary criticism: that fiction—irreducible to any of its parts, autonomous from the demands of teaching—should represent typical or generic patterns of human action.
On the Hybridity of the Classic Occult Detective Story
Authors: Bartolotta Simona
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper reads fin-de-siècle and Edwardian British occult detective fiction as a form of proto-science fiction, suggesting that the epistemological focus on the occult typical of these texts can be usefully envisioned as formally and functionally equivalent to the focus of modern science fiction on orthodox science. Drawing from Stephen Halliwell's studies on mimesis and recent developments in the field of unnatural narratology, the paper thus shows how the subgenre of occult detective fiction anticipates and participates in the systematic rationalization of the impossible that distinguishes the discourse of modern science fiction.
Sidewise Looks: Asian American Poets Revisit Wallace Stevens
Authors: Spaide Christopher
Published: June 2024

Abstract: While common knowledge on Wallace Stevens suggests that he influenced only one Asian American poet (his friend, the scholar Peter H. Lee), a fuller investigation into Stevens's legacy reveals that he very well may be the Anglophone modernist with the most widespread and enduring influence on the past eighty years of Asian American poetics. In this essay's first half, I retell the history of Stevens's reception by Asian American poets, distinguishing it from his reception by Black poets (on the one hand) and from Asian American poets' responses to modernist orientalism (on the other). In the essay's second half, I offer a flexible argument about the indispensability of Stevensian abstraction to two of the most celebrated poets of their generation, Arthur Sze and Vijay Seshadri.
Archiving, Curating and Teaching Afro-Latin American Film
Authors: Franco Bridget V.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Working at the intersections of Latin American film studies, Afro-Latin American studies, digital humanities (DH), and decolonial pedagogical praxes, this article aims to engage with educators interested in teaching about Afro-descendant representation, antiracist audiovisual productions, the legacy of the African diaspora in Latin America, and the diverse perspectives of Afro-descendants in the region—through the lens of Latin American film and media. In dialogue with calls to decolonize traditional film and media studies curricula, this article critically analyzes the scholarly, archival and digital landscapes of resources focused on Black representation in Latin American cinemas and Afro-Latin American media makers. I identify some of the archival and curatorial exclusionary practices that affect the visibilization of Afro-descendant representation and productions within national cinematecas from the region. Finally, I share a digital humanities project designed to amplify Afro-descendant representation and filmmakers in Latin American cinemas through the curation and creation of resources that center Black voices, experiences, and communities.
Discourses of Anti-Racism in Afro-Uruguay: A Black Feminist Perspective
Authors: Limerick Philip P.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: While a number of studies have examined (anti) racism in Uruguay in general (e.g., Andrews; Bucheli and Porzecanski; Olaza, "Políticas"; Rodríguez), discourse analytic studies of anti-racism in the Uruguayan context have not received the same degree of attention. In order to contribute to this gap, the current study examines resistance discourses of Afro-Uruguayan women. Through a Black Feminist lens, discourses regarding intersectionality, gender and racial inequality within the Uruguayan community, and solidarity among Afro-Uruguayan women are examined. A thematic analysis of Uruguayan media (news and social media) is employed to explore such discourses (e.g., Uruguay's Radio Camacuá, YouTube ), and the data are analyzed for discursive strategies following a Critical Discourse Studies approach. Findings reveal themes including the lack of access to employment and education for Afro-Uruguayan women, candombe as central to the identity of Afro-Uruguayan women and site of resistance, intersectionality, and community building within and beyond Uruguay. The discourse structures observed include expressing solidarity and collectivity through pronominal choice (De Fina, Identity ; Martín-Rojo), self-presentation, the use of statistics, and the use of non-sexist language, among others. This investigation aids in furthering our understanding of the ways in which anti-racist ideologies and praxes are reflected through discourses of women regarding racism in Uruguay.
Resistance, Transformation, and Empowerment: The Development of Feminine Identities in Mokámbo, aromas de Libertad and Kanga, la tierra de los sueños by Victoria Evita Ika
Authors: Price Nicole D.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Equatoguinean female authors have experienced a sort of Boom in literary production in the 21st century. Although there is still a relatively small number of women authors, they have made a significant impact on the Equatoguinean literary scene. Victoria Evita Ika explores the complexity of the formation of the multifaceted identity of a contemporary African woman in her novels Mokámbo, aromas de libertad (2010) and Kanga, la tierra de los sueños (2016). This analysis aims to explore how these two novels transform the development of identities of the modern Equatoguinean woman through surviving horizontal violence into a call for resistance and change. Her ability to learn from her experiences leads to finding a voice of resistance which is analyzed through the lens of the postmodern concept of "radical Black subjectivity." The struggle to negotiate between victimization and activism in order to realize her dreams, challenges the protagonist to make difficult choices. Both novels champion the resilience of women in their ability to adapt to the constant challenges they face in modern day Equatorial Guinea. This flexibility in the spirit of women is the true success and what ultimately keeps hope alive for the future of Equatorial Guinea.
Gender and Empire in Mozambican Fictions of Ngungunyane
Authors: Millar Lanie
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This article considers twenty-first-century Mozambican works of fiction that contest the foundational status of nineteenth-century Gazan emperor Ngungunyane (circa 1850–1906) to Mozambique's postcolonial nationalism as a symbolic representation of ongoing imperial patriarchy. A century after Ngungunyane's defeat by the Portuguese, Ungulani Ba Ka Khosa published Ualalapi , widely read as a devastating critique of Mozambique's FRELIMO party's postcolonial politics as a continuation of Ngungunyane's bloody reign. A series of subsequent works respond to Ualalapi 's critique: Mia Couto's As areias do imperador trilogy, Khosa's As mulheres do imperador , and Paulina Chiziane's As andorinhas . These works deploy female protagonists and narrative experimentation to respond to Ngungunyane's famous final speech in Ualalapi . I argue that each of the contemporary works break the speech's imperial logic in different ways. Khosa, Couto, and Chiziane show that an excess of empire pervades contemporary rewritings of this history. These works draw on female voices and a constellation of anti-imperial communities of Black women—what philosopher María Lugones has theorized as a coalition and through Michelle M. Wright has analyzed through the dialogic—to break colonial-postcolonial continuities of power and imagine different futures in their wake.
Does matching introduce confounding or selection bias into the matched case-control design?
Authors: Wan Fei , Sutcliffe Siobhan , Zhang Jeffrey , Small Dylan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The impact of matching on confounding control in case-control studies remains a subject of ongoing debate, with varying perspectives among researchers. While matching is a well-established method for controlling confounding in cohort studies, its effectiveness in mitigating confounding in case-control studies has long been questioned. Recent studies have determined that matching doesn't eliminate confounding but, instead, introduces a selection bias on top of the initial confounding, as indicated by causal diagram analysis. This conclusion suggests that the control of initial confounding through matching is either only partial or non-existent. However, this conclusion may not be accurate in exactly matched design because causal diagram cannot always reveal precisely the interplay between the initial confounding and the matching induced selection effect. In this paper, we employ analytical results in conjunction with causal diagrams to demonstrate that the cancellation of the initial confounding by the selection effect is complete in exact individually matched case-control studies. Nevertheless, this cancellation results in a residual selection effect that establishes a backdoor connection between the matching factors and the outcome in the matched design. Failure to adjust for this residual selection effect leads to biased estimates of the exposure effect. Furthermore, this backdoor connection causes matching factors to act like confounding factors in the matched case-control design, which complicates the interpretation of the bias introduced by matching in current literature.
Feasibility of continuous smart health monitoring in pregnant population: A mixed-method approach
Authors: Sharifi-Heris Zahra , Fortier Michelle A. , Rahmani Amir M. , Sharifiheris Hamid , Bender Miriam
Published: June 2024

The utilization of smart monitoring technology offers potential for enhancing health outcomes, yet its feasibility and acceptance among Hispanic pregnant individuals remain uncertain. This is particularly crucial to investigate within the context of apparently healthy individuals identified as low risk, who still face a 10% likelihood of complications. Given their frequent underrepresentation in healthcare services and relative lack of attention, improving the feasibility of remote monitoring in this population could yield significant benefits. To address this gap, our study aimed to adapt and evaluate the practicality of a smart monitoring platform among healthy Hispanic pregnant women during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, as well as one week following childbirth, a period when complications often arise. This longitudinal study followed n = 16 participants for an average of 17 weeks. Participants were instructed to wear the Oura ring for objective data collection, including activity, sleep, and heart rate, and to complete survey questions through REDcap to assess mental health and lifestyle factors. The study framework utilized the RE-AIM approach, with acceptability and adherence as key components of the feasibility evaluation. Our findings revealed that completion rates for biweekly and monthly surveys remained consistently high until after childbirth (approximately 80%), while daily question completion remained above 80% until 38th week of gestation, declining thereafter. The wearing rate of the Oura ring remained consistently above 80% until the 35th gestational week, decreasing to around 31% postpartum. Participants cited barriers to wearing the ring during the postpartum period, including difficulties managing the newborn, forgetfulness, and concerns about scratching the baby’s skin. The enrollment rate was 71.42%, with an attrition rate of 6.25%. Thematic analysis of one-on-one interviews identified three main themes: personal desire for health improvement, social acceptability and support, and conditions influencing device/platform efficiency. In conclusion, while adherence varied based on gestational week and survey frequency, the study demonstrated strong acceptability of the smart monitoring platform among the study population, indicated by the high enrollment rate. Qualitative insights underscored the significance of personal motivation, social support, and device/platform efficiency in enhancing patient engagement with digital health monitoring during pregnancy, offering valuable considerations for future healthcare interventions in this domain.
The offsetting relationship between hand grip strength and hypertension: A cross-sectional study from physically disabled over 50 years old in China
Authors: Xu Liya , Cai Xiaowan , Zhang Yimin , Wen Xu , Sun Tingting
Published: June 2024

Objectives

To explore the relationship between hand grip strength (HGS) and blood pressure in physically disabled individuals over 50 years old.

Methods

The research adopts a cross-sectional survey, and the data comes from the “2022–2023 Physical Health Monitoring and Scientific and Technological Services for Physical Disabilities” jointly carried out by Beijing Sport University and China Disabled Sports Management Center. Select physically disabled individuals over 50 years old and collect physical fitness measurement data. HGS was measured and adjusted based on body weight and waist circumference, with standard normal conversion. The relationship between HGS and blood pressure was analyzed using multiple linear regression, and further logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between standard HGS and the risk of abnormal blood pressure.

Results

695 disabled individuals participated in the experiment, including 402 males (57.84%) and 293 females (42.16%). Multiple linear regression analysis found that for each standard deviation increase in the standardized Z-value of relative HGS, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of male individuals decreased by 2.391 mmHg (P = 0.008) and 1.229 mmHg (P = 0.025); decreased by 2.336 mmHg (P = 0.026) and 1.585 mmHg (P = 0.008), respectively, for female. The increase in HGS reduced the risk of hypertension in physical disabilities in males [OR = 0.820 95%CIs (0.670, 0.952)] (P = 0.003) and females [OR = 0.735 95%CIs (0.472, 0.986)] (P = 0.007).

Conclusion

The HGS of middle-aged and elderly physically disabled individuals negatively correlates with blood pressure, indicating the importance of increasing muscle strength (HGS) in preventing blood pressure.
The effects of nonpharmacological sleep hygiene on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hirohama Kenta , Imura Takeshi , Hori Tomonari , Deguchi Naoki , Mitsutake Tsubasa , Tanaka Ryo
Published: June 2024

The prevalence of locomotive syndrome naturally increases with age, but approximately half of nonelderly individuals also meet the criteria for locomotive syndrome, suggesting that even younger people need to pay attention to their own health status. Sleep is important for physical, cognitive, and psychological health. Some individuals with poor sleep quality may be at risk of developing negative health status. Although the effects of sleep hygiene strategies for elderly individuals have been well investigated, optimal nonpharmacological sleep hygiene strategies for improving sleep quality in nonelderly individuals has not been identified. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials aimed to elucidate the effects of various nonpharmacological interventions on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals and to identify the optimal intervention. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and Scopus were comprehensively searched. We identified 27 studies focusing on the effects of various nonpharmacological sleep hygiene strategies in nonelderly individuals, and 24 studies were applied into NMA. The present results showed that resistance training was the most effective intervention for improving sleep quality in nonelderly individuals. In addition, this study revealed the effects of nonpharmacological interventions, such as physical activity, nutritional intervention, as well as exercise interventions. This is the first report that utilized NMA to compare the effects of various nonpharmacological interventions on sleep quality in nonelderly individuals.
Universal wing- and fin-beat frequency scaling
Authors: Jensen Jens Højgaard , Dyre Jeppe C. , Hecksher Tina
Published: June 2024

We derive an equation that applies for the wing-beat frequency of flying animals and to the fin-stroke frequency of diving animals like penguins and whales. The equation states that the wing/fin-beat frequency is proportional to the square root of the animal’s mass divided by the wing area. Data for birds, insects, bats, and even a robotic bird—supplemented by data for whales and penguins that must swim to stay submerged—show that the constant of proportionality is to a good approximation the same across all species; thus the equation is universal. The wing/fin-beat frequency equation is derived by dimensional analysis, which is a standard method of reasoning in physics. We finally demonstrate that a mathematically even simpler expression without the animal mass does not apply.
Evaluation of clinicians’ knowledge and practice regarding pharmacotherapy of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: A multi-center study in Yemen
Authors: Battah Mohammed Mohammed , Zainal Hadzliana , Ibrahim Doa’a Anwar , Md Hanafiah Nur Hafzan Binti , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed
Published: June 2024

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a hematological malignancy that requires effective pharmacotherapy for optimal management. There is limited information regarding Yemeni clinicians’ knowledge and practice of NHL pharmacotherapy. This study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of physicians and nurses in Yemen regarding pharmacotherapy of NHL. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sana’a, Yemen, from January 1, 2022, to January 31, 2023. Two self-administrated and validated questionnaires were distributed to 99 physicians and 164 nurses involved in pharmacotherapy for NHL in different oncology centers and units across Yemen. Convenience samples were used to recruit participants. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with nurses’ and physicians’ knowledge and practice. The correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between knowledge and practice. A total of 77 physicians and 105 nurses completed the questionnaires. The results showed that 54.3% of nurses and 66.2% of physicians had poor knowledge of NHL pharmacotherapy. In terms of practice, 83.8% of nurses and 75.3% of physicians exhibited poor practice regarding NHL pharmacotherapy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified that nurses who received sufficient information about chemotherapy displayed a significant association with good knowledge, while nurses working in the chemotherapy administration department were significant predictors of good practice. Among physicians, those working in the National Oncology Center (NOC) in Sana’a demonstrated good practice. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between nurses’ knowledge and their practice. The study’s results confirm deficiencies in knowledge and practice of pharmacotherapy for NHL among physicians and nurses in Yemen. Efforts should be made to enhance their understanding of treatment guidelines and to improve patient care. Improvement in educational programs and training opportunities may contribute to improving patient outcomes in the management of NHL.
Orthopaedic and trauma research in Tanzania: A scoping review
Authors: Blackman Benjamin , Barnett Sarah , Premkumar Ajay , Sheth Neil P.
Published: June 2024

Tanzania is disproportionately burdened by musculoskeletal injuries as it faces unique challenges when dealing with trauma care. This scoping review aims to summarize and assess the current state of orthopaedic and trauma research in Tanzania. By identifying key themes, trends, and gaps in the literature, this review seeks to guide future research initiatives catered specifically to the needs of Tanzania’s healthcare system. Utilizing the PRISMA-ScR protocol, OVID Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to June 17, 2023, using keywords such as “Orthopaedics” “Trauma” and “Tanzania”. One hundred and ninety-two eligible studies were included and the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping studies was followed. There was a notable growth of relevant publications from 2015 onward, with peaks in growth in the years 2019, 2021, and 2020. The studies employed diverse research methodologies, with cross-sectional (n = 41, 21%) and prospective studies (n = 39, 20%) being the most prevalent, and randomized-controlled trials being the least prevalent methodology, making up eight studies (4.2%). The most common study themes were trauma (n = 101, 52.6%), lower extremity (n = 31, 16%), and spine-related issues (n = 27, 14%). Only three studies looked at work-related injuries (1.6%). Road traffic injuries (RTIs) were the most common mechanism of trauma in 77.0% of the trauma focused studies. Fifty-three percent of the studies were conducted by a majority of Tanzanian authors. This scoping review highlights various trends in orthopaedic and trauma research in Tanzania, with a particular emphasis on road traffic-related injuries. Various gaps are explored, including a lack of research on work-related injuries and a paucity of experimental research. Our findings underline areas where future research is warranted. The future of orthopaedic and trauma care in Tanzania depends on the efforts and collaboration of both local and international stakeholders.
Common clinical findings identified in working equids in low- and middle-income countries from 2005 to 2021
Authors: Merridale-Punter Mathilde S. , Wiethoelter Anke K. , El-Hage Charles M. , Patrick Cameron , Hitchens Peta L.
Published: June 2024

Despite several millions of working equids worldwide, there are few published studies regarding the epidemiology of their health and welfare. Data collected by non-governmental organisations (NGOs) operating in the working equid sphere therefore have important epidemiological value and could be used towards animal health surveillance. The aim of this study was to identify common clinical findings and mortality patterns of working equids in low- and middle-income countries and investigate their epidemiology using data collected from an international NGO. A retrospective analysis was conducted to determine the proportion of clinical findings and mortality risk by equid species, year and region. Negative binomial regression models were generated to investigate differences in mortality risk and proportion of key clinical findings between equid species, hemispheres and calendar month. A total of 4,313,606 presentations were reported from 14 countries between January 2005 and March 2021 (mean 22,121; SD ± 7,858 per month). Wounds and abscesses were the most reported clinical finding for all equid species (mean proportion 35%; SD ±0.19 of all findings). A higher proportion of wounds (mean proportion 41.7%; SD±0.2) was recorded in donkeys than mules or horses (P<0.001). Mules had higher reported mortality risk (1.2%; 95% CI 0.94–1.46%) than horses (0.4%; 95% CI 0.36–0.55%; p<0.001) or donkeys (0.2%; 95% CI 0.14–0.22%). Work-related wounds were the predominant finding in working equids, particularly so in donkeys. Prevention strategies should focus on improvements to work equipment and practices for all equids. Future investigations required include refinement of diagnostic approaches for donkeys and investigation of risk factors to understand the higher mortality in mules. Routine monitoring of clinical findings reported by national or international NGOs could be included in animal health surveillance strategies, although standardisation of data for this purpose is needed so that changes in prevalence following implementation of prevention strategies can be monitored.
A participatory approach to move towards a One Health surveillance system for anthrax in Burkina Faso
Authors: Nana Sougrenoma Désiré , Duboz Raphaël , Diagbouga Potiandi Serge , Hendrikx Pascal , Bordier Marion
Published: June 2024

The One Health approach calls for collaboration across various sectors and different scales to improve understanding of complex health issues. Regarding epidemiological surveillance, this implies the development of integrated systems that link several surveillance components operating in different domains (human, domestic animals, environment) and involving several actor networks. However, surveillance continues to operate in a very compartmentalized way, with little interaction between sectoral institutions and with the community for the governance and operation of surveillance activities. This is partly explained by the insufficient consideration of the local context and the late involvement of national stakeholders when developing programmes that aimed at strengthening the integration of surveillance. In low- and middle-income countries in particular, there is a strong influence of external partners on the development of intersectoral programmes, including surveillance systems. In this context, we developed and implemented a participatory planning process to support stakeholders of the surveillance system of anthrax in Burkina Faso, in the definition of the One Health surveillance system they wish for and of the pathway to reach it. The workshop produced an action plan that reflects the views and perspectives of representatives of the different categories of stakeholders and beneficiaries of surveillance. In addition, the participation of stakeholders in this participatory co-construction process has also improved their knowledge and mutual understanding, fostering a climate of trust conducive to further collaboration for surveillance activities. However, the quality of the participation raises some questions over the results, and contextual factors may have influenced the process. This underlines the need to include a monitoring and evaluation plan in the process to assess its implementation and ability to produce One Health surveillance modalities that are appropriate, accepted and applied over the long term.
Exploring the contribution of mammary-derived serotonin on liver and pancreas metabolism during lactation
Authors: Field Sena L. , Galvan Everardo Anta , Hernandez Laura L. , Laporta Jimena
Published: June 2024

During lactation, the murine mammary gland is responsible for a significant increase in circulating serotonin. However, the role of mammary-derived serotonin in energy homeostasis during lactation is unclear. To investigate this, we utilized C57/BL6J mice with a lactation and mammary-specific deletion of the gene coding for the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis (TPH1, Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL) to understand the metabolic contributions of mammary-derived serotonin during lactation. Circulating serotonin was reduced by approximately 50% throughout lactation in Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice compared to wild-type mice (TPH1FL/FL), with mammary gland and liver serotonin content reduced on L21. The Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice had less serotonin and insulin immunostaining in the pancreatic islets on L21, resulting in reduced circulating insulin but no changes in glucose. The mammary glands of Wap-Cre x TPH1FL/FL mice had larger mammary alveolar areas, with fewer and smaller intra-lobular adipocytes, and increased expression of milk protein genes (e.g., WAP, CSN2, LALBA) compared to TPH1FL/FL mice. No changes in feed intake, body composition, or estimated milk yield were observed between groups. Taken together, mammary-derived serotonin appears to contribute to the pancreas-mammary cross-talk during lactation with potential implications in the regulation of insulin homeostasis.
The spatial spillover effect and its attenuation boundary of urban economy on port efficiency
Authors: Deng Zhao , Xu Dongmei , Zhou Yutao , Duan Wei
Published: June 2024

Cities are commonly recognized as the immediate hinterland of ports and play a crucial role in fostering the sustainable development of ports. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the influence of cities on ports. By employing panel data from 2001 to 2021 for both ports and cities in the Bohai Rim region, this study examines the spatial spillover effect of urban economy on port efficiency using the spatial error model (SEM). The findings show that urban economies have a significant spatial spillover effect on port efficiency, but this effect diminishes across different spatial matrices. In particular, the geographical matrix demonstrates a stronger spatial spillover effect of the urban economy on port efficiency. These research findings help to establish a collaborative mechanism for port-city development and provide useful insights for government management decision-making.
Computer-Aided Detection and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer: a Review
Authors: Sharma Bhanu Prakash , Purwar Ravindra Kumar
Published: June 2024

Statistics across different countries point to breast cancer being among severe cancers with a high mortality rate. Early detection is essential when it comes to reducing the severity and mortality of breast cancer. Researchers proposed many computer-aided diagnosis/detection (CAD) techniques for this purpose. Many perform well (over 90% of classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and f-1 sore), nevertheless, there is still room for improvement. This paper reviews literature related to breast cancer and the challenges faced by the research community. It discusses the common stages of breast cancer detection/ diagnosis using CAD models along with deep learning and transfer learning (TL) methods. In recent studies, deep learning models outperformed the handcrafted feature extraction and classification task and the semantic segmentation of ROI images achieved good results. An accuracy of up to 99.8% has been obtained using these techniques. Furthermore, using TL, researchers combine the power of both, pre-trained deep learning-based networks and traditional feature extraction approaches.
Sarcasm Text Detection on News Headlines Using Novel Hybrid Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Singh Neha
Published: June 2024

One of the biggest problems with sentiment analysis systems is sarcasm. The use of implicit, indirect language to express opinions is what gives it its complexity. Sarcasm can be represented in a number of ways, such as in headings, conversations, or book titles. Even for a human, recognizing sarcasm can be difficult because it conveys feelings that are diametrically contrary to the literal meaning expressed in the text. There are several different models for sarcasm detection. To identify humorous news headlines, this article assessed vectorization algorithms and several machine learning models. The recommended hybrid technique using the bag-of-words and TF-IDF feature vectorization models is compared experimentally to other machine learning approaches. In comparison to existing strategies, experiments demonstrate that the proposed hybrid technique with the bag-of-word vectorization model offers greater accuracy and F1-score results.
ML-Based Quantitative Analysis of Linguistic and Speech Features Relevant in Predicting Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tripathi Tripti , Kumar Rakesh
Published: June 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurological condition that affects numerous people globally with detrimental consequences. Detecting AD early is crucial for prompt treatment and effective management. This study presents a novel approach for detecting and classifying six types of cognitive impairment using speech-based analysis, including probable AD, possible AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), memory impairments, vascular dementia, and control. The method employs speech data from DementiaBank’s Pitt Corpus, which is preprocessed and analyzed to extract pertinent acoustic features. The characteristics are subsequently used to educate five machine learning algorithms, namely k-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), XGBoost, and random forest (RF). The effectiveness of every algorithm is assessed through a 10-fold cross-validation. According to the research findings, the suggested method based on speech obtains a total accuracy of 75.59% concerning the six-class categorization issue. Among the five machine learning algorithms tested, the XGBoost classifier showed the highest accuracy of 75.59%. These findings indicate that speech-based approaches can potentially be valuable for detecting and classifying cognitive impairment, including AD. The paper also explores robustness testing, evaluating the algorithms’ performance under various circumstances, such as noise variability, voice quality changes, and accent variations. The proposed approach can be developed into a noninvasive, cost-effective, and accessible diagnostic tool for the early detection and management of cognitive impairment.
Scaling up of the improved Kora teff variety in North Shewa zone, Amhara region
Authors: Kassa Yehuala , Chakle Shumet , Ayele Teklemariam , Teferra Beneberu , Ayfokiru Awlachew
Published: June 2024

This experiment aims to assess farmers' perceptions of the improved kora tef variety and promote its cultivation.The variety provided a significantly higher average grain yield of 2682.4 kg ha-1 and drew a lot of attention from farmers because of its high-yielding potential, white seed color, good straw yield, and lodging resistance.
Using the Rendezvous Technique Through Choledochoduodenostomy for Malignant Biliary Obstruction
Authors: Fiedler Alexandra , Dhindsa Banreet , Bhat Ishfaq , Singh Shailender
Published: June 2024

Endoscopic transpapillary biliary stenting via endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is the preferred therapy for benign and malignant distal biliary obstruction. In cases of failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy has been shown to be as effective as percutaneous methods with an improved safety profile. Despite its efficacy, it is complicated by stent occlusion in 9%-26% of cases. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which biliary obstruction was relieved by performing a rendezvous procedure utilizing a pre-existing choledochoduodenostomy.
ESTUDO LONGITUDINAL DO IMPACTO ODONTOLÓGICO DA COVID-19 EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS COM DEFICIÊNCIA EM UM SERVIÇO DE REFERÊNCIA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Letieri Aline dos Santos , Souza Marina Antonino Nunes , Marques Vivian  de Oliveira , Castro Gloria Fernanda Barbosa de Araújo
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desse estudo longitudinal retrospectivo foi avaliar se a interrupção dos atendimentos devido à COVID-19 impactou na saúde bucal e no comportamento de pacientes pediátricos com deficiência. Foram avaliados prontuários de todos os pacientes atendidos em um centro de referência durante 2022, sendo obtidas informações demográficas, odontológicas e comportamentais nos momentos inicial, pré e pós-pandemia. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e testes Qui-Quadrado, T de Student e Fisher. Foram incluídos prontuários de 71 pacientes, com média de idade de 7,24±4,16 anos, sendo 56,3% meninos e 78,9% com alterações neurocomportamentais. No pós-pandemia, 70,4% dos pacientes apresentaram alguma necessidade de tratamento, enquanto  57,7% na consulta inicial e 22,5% no pré-pandemia. O comportamento bom foi observado em 76,1% dos pacientes tanto pós-pandemia quanto na consulta inicial e em 84,5% no pré-pandemia. Dos 17 pacientes que tiveram comportamento ruim pós-pandemia, 12 nunca haviam se comportado dessa forma antes (p=0,02). A estabilização protetora foi estatisticamente mais utilizada pós do que pré-pandemia (p=0,01). Observou-se piora na saúde bucal e no comportamento dos pacientes pediátricos com deficiência em decorrência da COVID-19, retornando a condições similares às da primeira consulta.
DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPAÇO-TEMPORAL DA COVID-19 EM PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM DE UM ESTADO DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO
Authors: Silva Weslei Melo da , Sousa Giana Gislanne  da Silva de , Maia Pascoal Livia , Santos Floriacy Stabnow , Rolim Isaura Letícia Tavares Palmeria , Costa Ana Cristina Pereira de Jesus , Nunes Sheila Elke Araújo , Firmo Wellyson da Cunha Araújo , Santos Leonardo Hunaldo dos , Neto Marcelino Santos
Published: June 2024

A análise geoepidemiológica da Covid-19 é importante porque apoia a implementação de intervenções de saúde para populações e territórios vulneráveis. O objetivo foi analisar a tendência da incidência e distribuição espaço-temporal da Covid-19 em profissionais de enfermagem de um estado do Nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo geoepidemiológico e de séries temporais, utilizando registros de casos novos de Covid-19 em profissionais de enfermagem no Maranhão. A tendência da incidência foi determinada pela regressão de Prais-Winsten. Os coeficientes de incidência foram distribuídos espacialmente em uma área de análise, e uma técnica de varredura foi usada para detectar aglomerados espaço-temporais. Foram registrados 2.116 casos de Covid-19, pico de incidência em maio de 2020 em todas as categorias profissionais, sendo observada tendência decrescente de incidência no período estudado. A distribuição espacial foi heterogênea, variando de 0,00 a 21,20 casos/1.000 profissionais. Ademais, a análise espaço-temporal revelou três clusters de alto risco estatisticamente significativos no sudoeste/noroeste, norte e leste do Maranhão, entre maio e outubro de 2020 (p<0,05). A tendência decrescente e os aglomerados espaço-temporais da Covid-19 em profissionais de enfermagem detectados em diferentes localidades do estado constituem suporte para o enfrentamento das emergências de saúde que atingem a categoria.
Digitization and the Collection Sustainability
Authors: Mohammed Said Nasser , Khairy Metwaly Heba
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on the efforts and projects to create and sustain the digital transformation of the museum collection in the Grand Egyptian Museum project. GEM is considered one of the cultural enlightenment projects where Egyptian heritage truly meets the latest technological innovations. GEM's one-of-a-kind and valuable collection will be displayed under overwhelming themes and narratives that will depict the ancient Egyptians' life, customs, death, and rebirth beliefs, which they performed and lived for almost 5,000 years. Egyptian cultural materials are spread across all of Egypt and managed by hundreds of museums; the task of digitization is a common challenge for all these museums. The study relied mainly on the quantitative method. The literature review and systematic observation were examined to study the trend toward the sustainability of GEM museum collections. Digital sustainability and digitization in Egyptian museums are constrained by limited knowledge capacity, fundraising resources, and ICT infrastructure. Faced with these constraints, the Grand Egyptian Museum has addressed these challenges with an interdisciplinary approach through collaborative planning, management, digitization, and digital presentation of its collections.
Digital Transformation in Jordan and Poland - Implications on the Legal Protection of Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Development
Authors: Alkhasawneh Alaeldin , Kowalska Samanta
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to clarify the principles of Jordanian and Polish copyright laws applicable to the preservation of cultural heritage, and to recommend the adoption of certain policies to facilitate this task. It is meant to serve as a guide for stakeholders who deal with digital cultural heritage, directed particularly at museums, but also institutions such as libraries, archives, and art galleries. The research aims to discuss the role of copyright law in protecting cultural heritage in the face of the rapid development of ICT technologies. This includes identifying the risks and challenges associated with digital heritage, framing the relationship between authors of digital cultural content, rights holders, and institutions responsible for documenting and preserving it, and the need to establish a fair mechanism that guarantees their rights. The study aims to provide a presentation of the importance of compliance with copyright principles related to the digitization of cultural heritage and other relevant regulations in the Jordan region and the Polish legislation. The article was created as a result of international scientific cooperation in combination with an innovative view at the law-making and application processes in the era of dynamic development of science and technology. The analysis will include identification of legal acts, which aim to ensure the effective, future-oriented, and long-term protection of cultural heritage in Jordan and Poland.
Mit dem Klimageld verlorenes ­Vertrauen zurückgewinnen
Authors: Eggstein Daniel
Published: June 2024

Zum Jahreswechsel ist der CO2-Preis von 30 auf 45 Euro pro Tonne gestiegen. Über die Einführung des Klimagelds herrscht jedoch weiterhin keine Einigkeit innerhalb der Bundesregierung. Die Minister Robert Habeck und Christian Lindner sind gegen eine Auszahlung in dieser Legislaturperiode, während die SPD sich wenig engagiert zeigt. Dabei ist klar: Ohne einen sichtbaren und wirkungsvollen sozialen Ausgleich für den steigenden CO2-Preis steht das Vertrauen in die Klimapolitik auf dem Spiel.
Unternehmerische Ansätze für den Biodiversitätserhalt
Authors: Arth Ardina , Eichinger Stefanie
Published: June 2024

Unternehmen sind Verursacher und Betroffene der Biodiversitätskrise. Die EU‑Berichtspflichten bieten die Notwendigkeit und Chance, sich dem Thema zu widmen. Für ein Wirtschaften innerhalb planetarer Grenzen sind jedoch weitreichende Transformationen von Geschäftsmodellen nötig.
Hoffnungsträger Wasserstoff
Authors: Hirschl Bernd , Kern Florian
Published: June 2024

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Die Rolle der nationalen Wasserstoffstrategie für eine effiziente Dekarbonisierung in Deutschland
Authors: Schmelzle Frieder , Kern Florian
Published: June 2024

Zur Förderung des Hochlaufs einer deutschen Wasserstoffwirtschaft gibt es seit 2020 eine nationale Wasserstoffstrategie. Sie wurde 2023 von der Ampelregierung überarbeitet. Setzt sie angemessene Leitlinien für die Entwicklung einer nachhaltigen Wasserstoffwirtschaft in Deutschland?
Wasserstoffzukünfte: Gerecht oder riskant?
Authors: Müller Franziska , Kalt Tobias , Simon Jenny , Tunn Johanna
Published: June 2024

Die Produktion von grünem Wasserstoff im Globalen Süden ist mit sozial-ökologischen ­Risiken verknüpft. Zwei Bereiche – Energiesysteme und Wasserversorgung – sind besonders ­vulnerabel. Eine gerechte Wasserstoff-Governance muss­ hierauf Antworten entwickeln.
Blauer Wasserstoff: Notwendiges Übel oder Zementierung fossiler Pfadabhängigkeiten?
Authors: Keßler Luisa
Published: June 2024

Die Bundesregierung hat sich in der Fortschreibung der Nationalen Wasserstoffstrategie 2023 für die Nutzung des fossilbasierten blauen Wasserstoffs geöffnet. Kriterien für dessen ­Produktion werden nun im Rahmen des EU Hydrogen and ­Decarbonised Gas Market Package festgelegt.
Wasserstoff ohne Wasser?!
Authors: Hirschl Bernd
Published: June 2024

Die Herstellung von grünem Wasserstoff erfolgt gemäß den meisten Szenarien mittels ­Elektrolyse und mit reinstem Wasser. Da die Ressource­ Wasser bereits heute regionale Knappheiten aufweist, Wasserstoff aber dezentral benötigt werden wird, könnten alternative Rohstoffe und Verfahren helfen, das regionale Verfügbarkeitsproblem zu mindern.