bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrodialysis Processing of Deactivated Vat Residues of NPP
Authors: Svittsov A.A. , Il’ina S.I. , Ivanov S.V. , Saltykov B.V.
Published: June 2020

A study of the possibility of using Electrodialysis for the simultaneous separation of multicomponent solution of deactivated vat residues of the ion-selective cleaning plant (ISCP) NPP for three chemical reagents is presented. A prototype of chemical component recycling plant with a capacity of 5 liters per hour was designed and built. Studies have been carried out confirming the possibility of obtaining acid and alkali from deactivated vat residues (VR) of NPP using Electrodialysis. It is proposed use results of work when developing a compact pilot plant for processing of deactivated vat residues of NPP with WWER. The use of Electrodialysis to separate of multicomponent deactivated solution VR ISCP NPP allow effectively remove boron components for reuse.
Lithification of MSW Landfill Leachate as a Way of its Disposal
Authors: Yazev A.V. , Milyutina N.O. , Averyanova N.A. , Velikosel’skaya E.S. , Politaeva N.A.
Published: June 2020

A method of disposal of landfill leachate based on lithification – changing the state of aggregation of a liquid into a solid product without using cement as a binder is presented. The resulting solid product is analyzed for the content of gross and mobile forms of heavy metals. X-ray phase analysis was carried out to identify crystalline phases formed in a new product. The IR-spectra of the lithificate were recorded in the range of 500 to 5000 cm-1. The surface of the samples was studied using a scanning electron microscope. Several options for the use of the lithificate obtained by stabilizing the leachate of the MSW landfill using chemical reagents.
Nutrition and Physical Activity in Iranian Dyslipidemic Patients
Authors: Banitalebi Mahsa , Babak Anahita , Rouzbahani Reza , Khalili Nejad Motlagh Raziyeh
Published: June 2020

Dyslipidemia is an important cause of cardiovascular diseases with increasing rates among adult populations. Nutrition and physical activity are known to have an impact on degrees of dyslipidemia. In this article, we had a study on nutritional behaviors and physical activities among middle-aged adults with and without dyslipidemia. In this case-control study, 200 middle-aged adults were entered. One hundred adults with dyslipidemia and 100 normal adults were included in this study. Data regarding desirable or undesirable use of fruits, vegetables, dairy, saturated fatty acids, fast foods, carbonated drinks, and extra salt intake with every meal were collected. Intensity and duration of physical activities were also collected from our data bank and analyzed with SPSS software. Our results indicated that people with dyslipidemia had a significantly increased usage of fast foods and saturated fatty acids, while the normal population had increased usage of vegetables and dairy. There were also significantly increased in intensity, duration per day, and weekly days of physical activity in healthy groups. Logistic regression indicated that undesirable consumption of fast foods, dairy, fatty acids, vegetables, and undesirable physical activity increases the risks for dyslipidemia (OR=8.2, OR=16.2, OR=8.2, OR=18.3, and OR=25.3 respectively) (P<0.05). This article emphasizes the role of proper nutritional behaviors and higher physical activities in decreasing the risks of dyslipidemia, and we suggest that further preventive interventions could be made based on the results of our study. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Gamification in Radiology: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kiani Feizabadi Mohammad , Mafakherian Amir Mahdi , Goudarzi Ahmadreza , Asadzandi Shadi , Ahmadi Mahshad , Bigdeli Shoaleh
Published: June 2020

Radiology gamification articles were examined to determine the purpose and effect of games on the target audience and to provide a basis for researchers who aim to develop a new gamification. The articles related to radiology gamification, games, and simulations were retrieved from databases, including ProQuest, Springer, Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science via electronic search. To assess the quality of the articles Prisma and CASP checklists were used. Finally, according to the inclusion criteria, the appropriate articles were selected. Among 6917 retrieved articles, only 13 articles were related to radiology gamification, two of which were related to the analysis of the effects of radiology gamification in different areas such as differential diagnosis, education, dental radiology, and the number of drugs taken for imaging. These studies show that radiology gamification is few, and there are different forms of gamification, including but not limited to board games, physical games, and video games. Furthermore, in designing an educational game, learner’s characteristics, educational goals, and developing educational content are major steps. © 2019 Tehran University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved.
Spontaneous Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Second Pregnancy of a Healthy Pregnant Woman
Authors: Mirzaeian Sara , Jafari Mona , Jafarzadeh Reza
Published: June 2020

pontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an uncommon type of OHSS that is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms and complications of accommodation of body fluids in third spaces in the absence of medical ovarian stimulations. This syndrome is mostly seen in multiple or molar pregnancies with an underlying medical condition such as hypothyroidism. Treatment of spontaneous OHSS depends on the patient’s clinical condition. Appropriate management will warrant a successful pregnancy. The aim of this report is to introduce a case of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in second pregnancy of a healthy pregnant woman. The patient was a 8 weeks pregnant female who referred to gynecology and obstetrics clinic because of gradual abdominal distension, abdominal pain and nausea from one month ago. The patient didn't have any history of the specific predisposing factors of OHSS such as thyroid gland dysfunction or multiple pregnancies. Abdominal sonography showed enlarged ovaries with prominent follecules as well as free fluid in the entire abdomen. Elevated levels of HCG (312850 mlU/ml) and carcinoembryonic antigen (106 U/ml) were the remarkable laboratory findings. We successfully controlled the patient by conservative management and the size of ovaries returned back to normal by 17th weeks of gestation. On sonographic follow-ups, untill delivery, the patient was symptom-free and a healthy infant was born. While spontaneous OHSS is a rare and life-threatening condition, conservative management including albumin and anticoagulant administration as well as paracentesis of body third space fluids, will be a promising approach in the stable patients.
Association of ADAM33 T1 Polymorphism With Subgroups of Pediatric Asthma Patients in Iran
Authors: Ghaemi Mir Reza , Hemmati Sara , Rezaei Arezou , Sadr Maryam , Mohebbi Bahareh , Ghaffaripour Hoseinali , Rezaei Nima , Mahdaviani Seyed Alireza
Published: June 2020

There is strong evidence on the interaction of several genetic variations and environmental conditions in the etiology of asthma. Association of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 33 (ADAM33) with asthma risk is not clear and shows diversity between nations and ethnicities. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the ADAM33 gene are introduced and studied according to the disease onset and characteristics. The aim of our study is to determine the association of ADAM33 rs2280091 polymorphism and pediatric asthma in the Iranian population. A total of 63 asthma patients (aged 6-18) and 86 healthy controls were enrolled in our study. Asthma type, classification, and severity were defined. SNPs of the ADAM33 gene at rs2280091 (T1) were analyzed. Pulmonary function tests, total blood eosinophil count, and IgE count were also assessed. T1 genotype and allele frequencies were not associated with asthma risk in Iranian pediatric asthma. Atopic asthma subgroup and patients with normal eosinophil count showed association with ADAM33 rs2280091. Moreover, asthma patients with AG genotype showed lower pulmonary functions.
Significant Burden of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease With Advanced Fibrosis in Iranian Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Ahangar Behnam Hosseini , Manouchehri Rojen , Rezaei Bahareh , Bahadori Maryam , Ebrahimi Arefeh , Krasniqi Rilind , Shahverdi Ehsan
Published: June 2020

The main cause of chronic liver disease in Iran is Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A common pathological feature of chronic liver disease is fibrosis, so particular vigilance against patients with liver fibrosis is necessary to lead healthcare resource planning. The aims of the current study were to determine the prevalence and predictors of significant fibrosis and advanced ones among individuals with NAFLD. In the current cross-sectional study conducted during 2013-2016, the presence of fibrosis among NAFLD patients was assessed using the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) and AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) systems. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict significant fibrosis or advanced fibrosis among NAFLD patients. Analysis of the results of over 999 patients (569 females and 430 males) with the mean age of 43.28±14.034 years in Iran during 2015-2016 showed that the overall prevalence of NAFLD among Iranian adults was 19.6%. NAFLD prevalence was not significantly higher in males compared to females (51.5% vs. 48.5%, P=0.66). On multivariate logistic regression analyses, females were less likely to have NAFLD compared to males (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.24-0.42, P<0.001). The overall prevalence of liver fibrosis among NAFLD patients was 38.8%.20.4% and 6.12% of NAFLD patients had evidence of significant and advanced fibrosis, respectively. Our most recent dataset analysis emphasized the major burden of NAFLD among people of Iranian origin. A high prevalence of individuals with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis was observed.
Correlations Between Median Nerve Sonography and Conduction Study Results and Functional Scales in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Deilami Parvaneh , Ghourchian Shadi , Haghi Ashtiani Bahram , Esmaeili Sara , Bahadori Maryam , Shojaee Seyed Fahimeh , Babaei Mohammad Reza , Raeesmohammadi Leila , Afrakhteh Motahareh , Zamani Babak
Published: June 2020

We aimed to compare the sonographic measurement of median nerve cross-section area (CSA) in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and healthy individuals. The effect of duration of the disease on correlations between paraclinical findings and ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS) were secondarily aimed to be evaluated. The cross-sectional study was approved by the Ethical Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences and conducted between January 2017 and December 2018. We evaluated the median nerve surface area by means of sonography in 35 ALS patients and 35 healthy controls. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes during nerve conduction study and ALSFRS were recorded by the same trained specialist. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. We did not find a significant difference between CSA in ALS patients and the normal population (P>0.05). Comparing to normal individuals, the mean CMAP decreased significantly in ALS patients (6.6±3.07 mV versus 10.25±2.2 mV, P<0.001). ALSFRS correlated with both CSA of the median nerve at the wrist (P:<0.001, r:0.78) and the CMAP (P:<0.001, r:0.74) that were confirmed by regression models designed to consider the effect of disease duration on these correlations. CSA was not different between ALS patients and the normal population, but CMAP decreased in ALS patients. ALSFRS correlated with both CSA and CMAP of the median nerve.
Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms rs12722489 and multiple sclerosis in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ahmadi Habib , Yassaee Vahid Reza , Mirfakhraie Reza , Hashemi-Gorji Feyzollah
Published: June 2020

Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex incurable neurodegenerative disease featuring demyelination of neurons, resulting in impairment of neuron impulses. Recently, an association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs2104286 and rs12722489) in interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha (IL2RA) gene was found to be a risk factor of MS in white European population. Therefore, we performed a study to investigate the contribution of these two intronic variations in Iranian patients with MS.
Methods: We determined the genotypes of rs2104286 and rs12722489 in patients with MS (n = 100) and in the control group (n = 111). The SNPs were genotyped using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) for both of SNPs. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software. Also, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.
Results: Logistic regression revealed that various genotypes of rs12722489, regarding sex-adjusted effect, yielded meaningful association with MS risk in Iranian patients (OR = 2.67, 95% CI: 1.03-6.90). However, no association was obtained for rs2104286 and rs12722489 with MS.
Conclusion: The results confirmed partially the reports in white European population performed recently. However, further investigation in larger scale is necessary to validate our study.
Recognition of emotions expressed on the face impairments in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shafiei Kaveh , Shafa Mohammad Ali , Mohammadi Forugh , Arabpour Ali
Published: June 2020

Background: Facial emotion recognition (FER) is a complex process, involving many brain circuits, including the basal ganglia that its motor involvement causes Parkinson's disease (PD). The previous studies used different tools for assessment of FER in PD. There is a discrepancy between the results of these studies due to different tools. In this study, we used a modified version of the Multimodal Emotion Recognition Test (MERT) to compare patients with PD to healthy controls (HCs).
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study with primary objective of the mean percentage of the correct answers in MERT. Subjects had to name the emotions presented with different modalities.
Results: 30 subjects were recruited and assessed in each group. The mean total MERT score was significantly lower in subjects with PD compared to HCs (35.0% vs. 44.5%). FER was significantly better when emotions were presented by video and worse when presented by still pictures. Both subjects with PD and HCs had lower MERT scores in recognizing negative emotions. There was no significant correlation between the duration and severity of PD and MERT score.
Conclusion: Our study provided more pieces of evidence for impairment of FER in PD for recognizing emotions like sadness, disgust, and fear compared to happy expressions.
The relationship between problemsolving ability and fatigue severity in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Derakhshanrad Seyed Alireza , Piven Emily
Published: June 2020

Background: The literature speculates that there may be a relationship between cognitive capacities and levels of fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis (MS), which has been under reported. This study has investigated one aspect of cognition by evaluating the association between problem-solving ability and the severity of fatigue.
Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was used to investigate the association between levels of problem-solving ability and degrees of fatigue severity. Eighty-five participants living in the city of Shiraz, Iran, completed Cassidy Problem-Solving Inventory (PSI) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the data.
Results: Problem-solving was inversely associated with fatigue (r = -0.381, P = 0.009), whereby higher levels of problem-solving ability were associated with lower degrees of fatigue.
Conclusion: The results of this study contributed to the ongoing debate about the linkage between cognition and fatigue in people with MS, suggesting an association between problem-solving ability and fatigue severity. A possible implication would be the importance of problem-solving training for people with MS.
Pain as the first manifestation of an acute ischemic parietal stroke: A case report
Authors: Saucedo Miguel Angel , Francesco Laura De , Chertcoff Anibal , Bandeo Lucrecia , Cejas Luciana Leon , Fernandez Pardal Manuel Maria , Miquelini Ariel , Reisin Ricardo , Bonardo Pablo
Published: June 2020

The article's abstract is no available.
The Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol on the Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Transforming Growth Factor Beta Genes in Three Developmental Stages of Echinococcus granulosus
Authors: NOSRATABADI Seyyed Jafar , HAYATI ROODBARI Nasim , MODARRESI Mohammad Hossein , FARSINEJAD Alireza , FASIHI HARANDI Majid
Published: June 2020

Background: In recent decades platyhelminths have been used as model organisms to address some of the fundamental questions related to the growth and development of animal organisms. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR) and Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta) have a regulatory role in the growth and development of Echinococcus species. This study determined the effect of alpha-tocopherol on the expression of EGFR and TGF-beta genes in three in vitro developmental stages of E. granulosus.
Methods: E. granulosus protoscoleces were cultured in diphasic medium containing bovine serum and CMRL 1066. Three developmental stages of E. granulosus, i.e. invaginated protoscoleces, evaginated protoscoleces and three-proglottid worms, were treated by alphatocopherol (250 μg/ml for 36 h) and the expression of EGFR and TGF-beta genes were evaluated by using qPCR analysis.
Results: Intact protoscoleces were successfully developed to the segmented worms in diphasic culture media. Higher levels of both EGFR and TGF-beta gene expression were observed in the invaginated protoscoleces as well as the segmented worms in comparison to the non-treated controls.
Conclusion: Administration of alpha-tocopherol to different developmental stages of E. granulosus significantly enhanced EGFR and TGF-beta expression in the parasite. Both oxidant and non-oxidant activities of alpha-tocopherol could explain the study findings. Overexpression of the genes could in turn enhance growth factor effects and facilitates the viability of the parasite.
Evaluation of Asymptomatic Malaria Status in Eastern of Afghanistan Using High Resolution Melting Analysis
Authors: MOSAWI Sayed Hussain , DALIMI Abdolhossein , SAFI Najibullah , GHAFFARIFAR Fatemeh , SADRAEI Javid
Published: June 2020

Background: Malaria is threatening more than half of Afghanistan population. Asymptomatic malaria is notable problem against malaria controlling strategies. In this study we evaluated the asymptomatic malaria status in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan in 2017.
Methods: Overall, 296 finger blood samples were taken on DNA Banking Cards and microscopic slides from asymptomatic individuals in Jalalabad city. We used a novel post real time PCR high resolution melting analysis beside microscopy and semi-nested multiplex PCR to evaluate status of asymptomatic malaria in this city.
Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria in Jalalabad city was determined 1.7% (5/296), 7.43% (22/296) and 7.78% (26/296) by microscopy, Seminested multiplex PCR and qRT-PCR-HRM, respectively. Out of 26 positive cases were detected by qRT-PCR-HRM, 21, 1 and 4 cases were detected P. falciparum, P. vivax and mixed infection of P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively.
Conclusion: Our data indicating on existence of significant number of asymptomatic reservoirs that assists in prolonged endemicity of the disease. On the other hand, the molecular methods are better alternatives for microscopy especially for monitoring of asymptomatic cases of malaria.
Serological Evaluation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Patients with Acute Leukemia and Lymphoma through Chemotherapy
Authors: TABATABAIE Fatemeh , ELMI Taher , KHANMOHAMMADI Majid , AKHLAGHI Lame , MAHAMI-OSKOUEI Mahmoud , ARSHADI Mehdi
Published: June 2020

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that belongs to the family Coccidae. We aimed to evaluate IgG avidity and the changes of anti-Toxoplasma immunoglobulins M (IgM) and G (IgG) in patients with acute leukemia and lymphoma.
Methods: Ninety eight patients with Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma, selected from patients referring to Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz (38°04′N 46°18′E), in terms of the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgM, IgG, IgG avidity antibodies and the major risk factors were evaluated.
Results: The results of pre-chemotherapy evaluation showed that of the examined patients, only two cases, one patient with ALL and another patient with lymphoma, had a positive IgM titer. Overall, 46 cases had positive IgG titers, including 20 patients with AML, 15 patients with ALL and 11 patients with lymphoma. Three (3.06%) patients were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM and one of them was with new infection of toxoplasmosis in lymphoma patients. The post-chemotherapy IgG titer evaluation showed 46 [46.9% (95% CI 37.4–56.7)] positive IgG cases that this result was similar to the result of pre-treatment phase. One [1% (95% CI 0.2–5.6)] positive IgG avidity case was detected using ELISA method, in a patient with lymphoma whose IgM was also positive. There was no significant difference between the type of leukemia and the history of contact with cat.
Conclusion: Performing specialized tests to diagnose toxoplasma infection before starting treatment, in immunodeficiency patients who undergo chemotherapy, is necessary; therefore, these tests should be considered in therapeutic protocols.
Genotype Characteristics of Giardia duodenalis in Patients Using High Resolution Melting Analysis Technique in Khorramabad, Iran
Authors: SEPAHVAND Akram , HOSSEINI-SAFA Ahmad , YOUSOFI Hossein Ali , TAJEDINI Mohammad Hassan , PAHLAVAN GHAREHBABAH Reza , PESTEHCHIAN Nader
Published: June 2020

Background: We aimed at genotyping and evaluating the predominance of G. duodenalis assemblages isolated from patients referred to medical laboratories in Khorramabad, Iran from Nov 2015 to Sep 2016. Hence, the development of a costeffective HRM approach to determine genotypes of G. duodenalis based on the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) gene was examined and the genotyping results with and without diarrhea was compared.
Methods: Seventy G. duodenalis positive fecal samples were collected. A microscopic confirmation for the presence of Giardia spp. was performed, cysts of 70 Giardia spp. positive specimens were concentrated using sucrose flotation technique and sucrose solution PCR amplification was performed on 69 of 70 (98.5%) samples, and High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis was performed using a software.
Results: The results showed two distinct genotypes (assemblages A and B) of G. duodenalis but infections with mixture of both assemblages were not detected. The genotypes of G. duodenalis showed that the sub assemblage AI, BIII and BIV were present in a proportion of 68.1%, 20.3% and 11.6% respectively in samples. Assemblage AI was significantly (P<0.05) more frequently found in patients with diarrhea.
Conclusion: The sub-assemblage AI, BIII, and BIV are more zoonotic potential. According to the comparison of the results of this study with the results of previous studies in this area and around of it, as well as the way people live and keep pets. This pattern established in Khorramabad city. HRM can be an ideal technique to detect and genotyping of G. duodenalis in clinical samples.
Helminthes in Feral Raccoon (Procyon lotor) as an Alien Species in Iran
Authors: SHARIFDINI Meysam , AMIN Omar M. , ASHRAFI Keyhan , KARAMZADEH Nader , MOBEDI Iraj , RAHMATI Behnaz , HESARI Zahra
Published: June 2020

Background: The raccoon, Procyon lotor Linn. (Procyonidae) is native to North and Central America but has been introduced in several European and Asian countries including Japan, Germany and Iran. Objective of this study was to determine frequency of gastrointestinal and tissue helminthes from feral raccoons in Iran.
Methods: During 2015-2017, 30 feral raccoons including 12 males and 18 females were collected from Guilan Province, northern Iran (the only region in Iran where raccoons are found). The gastrointestinal tracts and tissues such as lung, liver and muscles were examined for presence of helminthes.
Results: Twenty raccoons (66.7%) were found infected with five intestinal helminth species. The prevalence of infection with Strongyloides procyonis Little, 1966 (Nematoda) was 63.3%, Plagiorchis koreanus Ogata, 1938 (Trematoda) (13.3%), Centrorhynchus sp. Lühe, 1911 (Acanthocephala) (10.0%), Camerostrongylus didelphis Wolfgang, 1951 (Nematoda) (3.3%), and Spirocerca lupi Rudolphi, 1809 (Nematoda) (3.3%). No larvae or adult worms were found in other tissues of the examined raccoons.
Conclusion: Most of the raccoons were infected with S. procyonis. The public health importance of zoonotic parasites transmittable through raccoons, the rapid control and decrease of raccoon populations and their distribution in Iran are also discussed.
Genotyping of Fresh and Parafinized Human Hydatid Cysts Using nad1 and cox1 Genes in Hamadan Province, West of Iran
Authors: SHAHBAZI Ali Ehsan , SAIDIJAM Massoud , MAGHSOOD Amir Hossein , MATINI Mohammad , MOTAVALI HAGHI Moosa , FALLAH Mohammad
Published: June 2020

Background: Hydatidosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic infection and Hamadan Province in the west of Iran is one of the most important foci of human hydatidosis in Iran. The aim of the current study was the genetic characterization of hydatid cysts operated from humans in Hamadan Province.
atid cysts operated from humans in Hamadan Province. Methods: Seventy-two hydatid cysts samples including 50 paraffinized and 22 fresh human hydatid cysts collected from different hospitals in Hamadan Province, western Iran. The cysts' DNA genome was extracted by kit and PCR was performed for amplifying the fragments of 400 and 450bp for nad1 and cox1 mitochondrial genes, respectively. Genotype diversity and sequence variations of the cysts' isolates were studied by related software.
Results: DNA from all (100%) paraffinized and fresh hydatid cysts samples extracted successfully. All paraffinized and fresh hydatid cysts samples were amplified by PCR assay using nad1gene, however, only 18 and 8 samples from paraffinized and fresh hydatid cyst samples was amplified using cox1 gene, respectively. The sequences analysis indicated that, 98.61% the Echinococcus granulosus samples were belong to the genotype G1 and 1.39% were G3 genotype.
Conclusion: Genotypes of E. granulosus in human samples in Hamadan Province are G1 and G3 and these findings are proved by phylogenic analysis.
Acanthamoeba Keratitis and Acanthamoeba Conjunctivitis: A Case Report
Authors: ALVER Oktay , BAYKARA Mehmet , YÜRÜK Merve , ÜLKÜ TÜZEMEN Nazmiye
Published: June 2020

Acanthamoeba species are vision-threatening agents by causing cornea infections known as Acanthamoeba keratitis. A 5 year-old kid with the complaints of erythema, eyelid edema, inflammation, limitation of eye movements in the right eye, and having no history of wearing contact lenses or trauma, was diagnosed of Acanthamoeba conjunctivitis through laboratory examinations in the Ophthalmology clinic. The visual sharpness of the patient improved after the treatment. A 44 year-old female patient suffering from pain, stinging, irritation, and inability to see in the left eye with the history of wearing contact lenses or trauma was diagnosed of Acanthamoeba keratitis through laboratory examinations. The agent was isolated and identified as "A. castellani" in the Genotype "T2". Examination of the left eye on the 15th day of treatment indicated that all complaints disappeared except for the cataract originated visual loss. However, the first diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis appeared in the literature on a case with no history of wearing contact lenses and trauma it is found to be attention grabbing. We think that Acanthamoeba should not be ignored among microbial agents that cause eye infection with or without trauma and contact lens usage history.
Evaluation of the curve of Spee, curve of Wilson and Monson’s sphere in Iranian adults: A preliminary three-dimensional study
Authors: Chavoshzadeh Natanzi Mahdie , Azimi Zavaree Maryam , Torabi Mehran , Taghavi-Damghani Farnaz , Hakimaneh Seyed Mohammad Reza , Shayegh Sayed Shojaedin , Taghavi-Damghani Farnoosh
Published: June 2020

Purpose : One of the required information in rehabilitating the occlusal plane in dentistry is the radius of Monson’s sphere , which like other anatomical indices varies in different races. The purpose of this study was to determine the radius of the Monson’s  sphere in a group of  Iranian.
Materials & Methods  : 45 Iranian subjects (19 males & 26 females ) aged from 18 to 25 were selected for this study . The x,y,z coordinates of cusp tips of all  mandibular teeth except for the third molars obtained  with a 3-dimensional digitizer , were used to  derive a spherical model  of the occlusal surfaces’ curvature . From the best interpolating sphere , the radii of the Monson’s sphere was computed .
Results : Although all of the computed variables were greater in men , the occlusal curvature of mandibular arch was not influenced by gender . The mean radius of the Monson’s  sphere was 111.5 mm ( 121 mm in men and 104 mm in women which was closer to the classic value of 4 inch , confirming Monson’s observations ) .
Conclusion  : The average radius of the Monson’s sphere in this study was greater than the classic 4 inch value proposed by Monson and this result may suggest racial differences in the normal dental arch form that is important in occlusal rehabilitation. Although more researches are necessary in future to improve treatment results.
Prevalence and position of mandibular incisive canal, anterior loop of the mandibular canal and lingual foramen using cone beam computed tomography
Authors: Ghoncheh Zahra , Moghaddam Zadeh Behrang , Shaeri Sahar
Published: June 2020

Objective: Comprehensive knowledge about the anatomy of the surgical site is an important prerequisite for any surgical procedure. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, position and anatomical characteristics of mandibular incisive canal (MIC), lingual foramen (LF) and anterior loop of the mandibular canal (ALMC) in an Iranian population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 103 patients who underwent CBCT prior to implant placement. The CBCT scans of patients were evaluated by two observers to determine the visibility and length of MIC, LF and ALMC. The buccolingual inclination of MIC at the initiation point of canal and canal path were also studied.
Results: The prevalence of MIC, LF and ALMC was 90%, 76% and 84% on CBCT scans, respectively. The mean length of MIC and ALMC was 7.5mm and 1.2mm, respectively and the mean width of LF was 0.9mm. The MIC had a buccal inclination at the initiation point and approximated the lingual plate as extended towards the midline. Analytical statistics including independent samples t-test, paired samples t-test, ANOVA analyses were applied.
Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of MIC, ALMC and LF and wide range of MIC (1.2mm to 20mm) and ALMC (1mm to 9.9mm) length, CBCT is recommended for patients prior to surgical procedures in the anterior mandible to determine the exact location of these anatomical structures.
Malignant transformation of leiomyoma of the mandible into leiomyosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Fallahi Motlagh Masoud , Janbaz Yousef , Mirzaei Zahra
Published: June 2020

Lelomyosarcoma(LMS) is an uncommon malignant spindle cell tumor of the head and neck region. It is extremely rare in the oral cavity that arises from smooth muscle differentiation. It may arise as primary, radiation-associated, or metastatic tumor. The clinical appearance of these tumors can be deceptively benign and can be mistaken for non-malignant conditions. Here We present a case with atypical leiomyoma of the mandible in a 40-year- old man who referred with complaint of pain and swelling in his jaw. He underwent surgery and histology and immonohistochemestery studies confirmed the diagnosis. After 6 months recurrence occurred. Histologic examination confirmed leiomyosarcoma so he was managed with surgical excision followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy without any recurrence or metastasis after 2 years of follow-up.
The supraclavicular artery Island flap in conjunction with unilateral karapandzic flap for reconstruction of lower facial defects: A Case report
Authors: Garajei Ata , Shirkhoda Mohammad , Akrami Shohreh , Amirzargar Reza , Mirzajani Zoheir
Published: June 2020

Head and neck oncologic resections leave complex defects which are challenging to reconstruct. In head and neck region, aesthetic facial units should be considered and a thin, malleable, suitable texture and color flap should be applied. Supraclavicular artery Island flap is fasciocutaneous flap, that taken from skin on the shoulder and supraclavicular area that based on supra clavicular artery. One of the advantages of the supraclavicular artery Island flap is the possibility of one-stage reconstruction with minimal morbidity. The objective of our study were to describe our initial experience using the supra clavicular artery Island flap in conjunction with karapandzic flap for reconstruction of lower facial defects.
Announcement of a Session on “Food Allergies in Neonates” in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: . .
Published: June 2020

This article is an Editorial and does not include an Abstract.
Microbiological Quality and Safety of Retail Chicken and Beef Products in Lebanon
Authors: Yammine J. , Karam L.
Published: June 2020

Background: Controlling and reducing the food-borne illnesses remain one of the most challenging problems encountered by food authorities worldwide. This study was conducted to assess the microbiological quality of chicken breast, chicken liver, local and imported offal, and ground beef meat products sold in the Lebanese retail market.
Methods: Thirty-five chicken breast and liver samples produced by ISO 22000 certified and non-certified companies were purchased from the market. Chicken samples were tested for Total Aerobic Count (TAC), Total Coliforms (TC), Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty offal and ground beef meat samples were collected as sold in bulk from the market and were analyzed for Escherichia coli O157:H7. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software v. 23.0.
Results: The results showed that 20, 100, 20, 80, and 0% of the analyzed chicken breast samples were rejected for TAC, TC, S. aureus, Salmonella spp., and L. monocytogenes, respectively. For chicken liver samples, 100% of the samples were rejected for TC and Salmonella spp., while all the samples were accepted for TAC, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes. E. coli O157:H7 was absent in all meat samples.
Conclusion: Some chicken samples from both certified and non-certified suppliers exceeded the standard upper limits showing hygienic concerns; whereas meat products were safe for consumption regarding the pathogenic E. coli O157:H7.
Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Production in Catalase-Positive Gram-Positive Cocci Isolated from Brazilian Pasteurized Milk
Authors: Machado M.A.A. , Ribeiro W.A. , Toledo V.S. , Ramos G.L.P.A. , Vigoder H.C. , Nascimento J.S.
Published: June 2020

Background: Milk is a reservoir for several groups of microorganisms, which may pose health risks. The aim of this work was to assess the antibiotic resistance and biofilm production in catalase-positive Gram-positive cocci isolated from Brazilian pasteurized milk.
Methods: The bacteria were isolated using Baird-Parker agar and identified by MatrixAssisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. Disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility. For qualitative evaluation of biofilm production, the growth technique was used on Congo Red Agar.
Results: Totally, 33 out of 64 isolates were identified, including Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=3; 4.7%), Macrococcus caseolyticus (n=14; 21.9%), and Kocuria varians (n=16; 25%). Twenty-two isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Biofilm production was detected in only 5 isolates of K. varians and 1 isolate of S. epidermidis. All 14 M. caseolyticus isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic; but, multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates were not detected. Among all K. varians isolates, 4 were resistant to at least one antibiotic from three different classes and were considered to be MDR.
Conclusion: The presence of antibiotic-resistant M. caseolyticus, S. epidermidis, and K. varians isolates, especially MDRs, in milk samples highlights the possible role of milk as a reservoir of resistance genes
Effect of Ripening Time and Seasonal Changes on Microbial and Physicochemical Properties of Inland Pecorino Abruzzese Cheese
Authors: Ercole C. , Centi V. , Pellegrini M. , Marotta F. , Del Gallo M.
Published: June 2020

Background: Hand-made cheeses are usually prepared following dissimilar procedures which influence the quality and the organoleptic properties of the products. Objective of the present study was to evaluate how manufacturing season and ripening time affect hand-made Pecorino Abruzzese cheese.
Methods: Microbiological and physicochemical characteristics were investigated on raw milk cheeses produced in spring and autumn sampled at different ripening times (20, 60, 120, 210, and 300 days). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 21.
Results: Spring Marzolino cheeses showed better quality than those produced in autumn, with higher contents of protein, moisture, and Water-Soluble Nitrogen/Total Nitrogen (WSN/TN); and lower content of fat and salt. Besides, Marzolino samples exhibited an extensive αS1-casein proteolysis, slight hydrolysis of β-casein, low levels of γ-casein, and the occurrence of heterogeneous mixtures of proteolytic products as well as more complex microbial populations. At 20 days of ripening, all spring-cheese microbial groups presented in a remarkably high number than that presented in autumn, whereas enterococci populations were significantly higher in autumn cheeses than in spring ones (7 and 6 log Colony Forming Unit/g for autumn and spring, respectively). Ripening demonstrated a positive effect, in both productions, by increasing the concentration of the physicochemical parameters and a decrease of microbial populations of 1-3 log units.
Conclusion: Marzolino cheeses, manufactured in springtime, had better quality profile than those manufactured in autumn which this finding could be utilized to set up marketing strategies.
Causal Model of quality of campus community, Student Value and Academic
Authors: Keshavarzi F , Marzooghi R , Heidari E
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal model of Causal Model of quality of campus community, Student Value and Academic Civility Students of shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: The research method was descriptive correlational method. The research sample consisted of 338 students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were selected by cluster random sampling method. The Research tools was College and University Community Inventory (Ernest Boyer, 1990), student value (Dziewanowska, 2017) and academic civility (Clark & Springer, 2017). Data obtained from questionnaires were evaluated in both descriptive and inferential sections using statistical tests by spss21 and lisrel8.54 software. By implementing the structural equation model, it was found that the proposed model has a good fit and the students' scientific etiquette is well predicted and explained through the quality of the university environment.
Result: The findings showed that the quality of campus community has a positive and significant effect on academic civility (p-value-0/0001). The quality of campus community has a positive and significant effect on student value(p-value-0/0001). The findings showed that the student value by mediation the quality of campus community could affect the academic civility students (p-value-0/0001). Students 'values also play a mediating role in the relationship between the quality of the university environment and students' academic civility.
Conclusion: Values determine the desirable path of students’ life especially in the final years of their studies, therefore, students obtained necessary motivation based on a set of values which is internalized in them and attempt to achieve their great goals. Hence, it is necessary to provide important measures for the development of higher education environment and also to provide the basis for the internalization of values in students with the aim of their education and literacy toward the desired goal and perfection.
Applied Education of Spiritual Health in Iranian Medical Sciences
Authors: Nahardani S Z
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Spiritual health in medical education literature is considered as an intrinsic and essential element of a culture-centered concept which exclusively occurs in every society. Applying spiritual health in the education and health systems is subject to proper training in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the factors affecting the applied education of spiritual health in Iranian medical sciences.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the inductive content analysis method. Data were collected through in-person and semi-structured interviews with 23 medical professionals (general medicine, clinical sciences, and basic sciences) and analyzed using Lundman and Granheim's suggested steps.
Result: Five themes emerged from data analysis. Topics include "Effective Teaching", "consideration of the philosophy of education","effective communication","attention of religious values", "integrated education "and" curriculum revision".
Conclusion: to the findings of this study, it is necessary to conduct multiple educational interventions from university policy levels to practical applied education spiritual health. In order to apply spiritual health education in medical sciences, formal education based on the nature of inter-disciplinary disciplines should be designed and developed into a professional and systematic discipline according to the country's religious values and cultural and social variables.
meta-synthesis of professional ethics elements in higher education
Authors: Keykha A , Imanipour M
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Educational systems as an engine of growth in social, political, economic and cultural dimensions play a role in different ecosystems. In the meantime, professional ethics is the cornerstone of education because educators play a key role in fostering creative, critical and responsible individuals with a global perspective. However, few studies in the field of professional ethics in education have been formulated. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to Meta-synthesis studies in the field of educational ethics and to classify and analyze its components in higher education system.
Methods: This qualitative research using Meta-synthesis strategy written. So Keywords: Teaching Ethics, professional ethics in Higher Education, Teaching, Professor, Teacher In All Persian Databases of Magiran, SID, Ensani, Noormags During the period 2001-2019, a total of 64 articles were searched and finalized, The final 20 analyzes led to the final analysis.
Result: In the first step, the key concepts were summarized separately in each article and then were subdivided into other categories that formed sub-components in terms of aspects of sharing and differentiation. Secondly, sub-components were also classified according to meaning similarities. In total, four main components of "Ethics in Scientific Performance, Ethics in Interaction, Ethical Personality and Ethical Character" were obtained with 15 sub-components. Finally, according to the studies in Iranian higher education, the status of each component was criticized and analyzed.
Conclusion: With identifying the components of professional ethics in the academic system, it is necessary for authorities to base these components and their indicators in order to adopt specific planning and management policies in order to promote and improve professional ethics in higher education
Diagnosis and Treatment of Scaphoid Waist Fractures: A Literature Review
Authors: Okhovatpour Mohammad Ali , Ebrahimpour Adel , Minator Sajjadi Mohammadreza , Sadighi Mehrdad , Zandi Reza , Jafari Kafiabadi Meisam , Safaei Yaser
Published: June 2020

Scaphoid fracture can cause serious complications and its diagnosis and treatment approaches are still contentious. Tenderness of anatomical snuffbox (ASB), longitudinal compression (LC) of the thumb, and scaphoid tubercle (ST) tenderness are very sensitive tests for clinical diagnosis of scaphoid factures all together. Previous studies recommend taking four standard views of the wrist for non-displaced scaphoid fractures diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography scan (CT scan), bone scintigraphy, and ultrasound are used for triage of suspected scaphoid fractures. MRI has the highest sensitivity and specificity. CT scan images captured in planes by the long axis of the scaphoid guide the diagnosis of nondisplaced scaphoid fracture. Displaced fractures need surgical treatment, but the best way of treating a nondisplaced fracture is controversial. Same results have been determined using a short arm or long arm cast for treatment of nondisplaced scaphoid fractures as well as similar outcomes with or without a thumb-spica component to the cast. Wrist position immobilization did not affect the rate of nonunion, wrist flexion, pain, or grip strength. Percutaneous screw fixation can shorten return to work time. CT scan and MRI both can be applied for assessment of union of fracture during follow-up period. This study aims to review the literature on challenges about clinical and radiologic diagnosis of nondisplaced scaphoid fractures and also present concepts about definite management of nondisplaced and minimally-displaced scaphoid waist fractures.
Managerial Intelligence of Hospital Managers in Sari City, Iran
Authors: Sheikhy-Chaman Mohammadreza
Published: June 2020

Selection of managers for the health care organizations is an important issue that should be taken into consideration by health policy makers based on meritocracy. Managerial intelligence is one of the concepts considered in the selection of managers that has different dimensions such as intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and political intelligence. For many reasons such as limitation of the health system's budget and increase of costs, economic intelligence should be added to the introduced managerial intelligence model as a separate concept.