bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autoimmune gastritis with a gastric hamartomatous inverted polyp and two hyperplastic polyps: a case report
Authors: Hou Jun-zhen , Dong Ning-ning , Yue Bing , Meng Fan-dong , Wang Yong-jun
Published: March 2023

We report an unusual case of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) complicated with a submucosal tumor (SMT) and two pedunculated polyps in a 60-year-old man. The patient was admitted for epigastric distention, heartburn, and anorexia. Endoscopy showed an SMT in the fundus, two pedunculated polyps in the body, and markedly atrophic mucosa of the body and fundus. The SMT, measuring 20 mm in diameter, was resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection and histologically diagnosed as a gastric hamartomatous inverted polyp (GHIP), which is characterized by submucosal glandular proliferation, cystic dilatation, and calcification. The gland structures consisted of foveolar cells and pseudopyloric or mucous-neck cell types. The two pedunculated polyps that were resected by endoscopic mucosal resection were histologically diagnosed as hyperplastic polyps, which are characterized by hyperplastic foveolar glands with pseudopyloric or mucous-neck glands in the inflamed stroma in the mucosa, which consisted of almost the same types of lining cells as the GHIP in the fundus. Findings may indicate the relationship between GHIP, hyperplastic polyp, and AIG. We highlight considering GHIP as a differential diagnosis for an SMT in patients with AIG.
Diagnosis, knowledge, perception, and productivity impact of headache education and clinical evaluation program in the workplace at an information technology company of more than 70,000 employees
Authors: Sakai Fumihiko , Igarashi Hisaka , Yokoyama Masako , Begasse de Dhaem Olivia , Kato Hirohisa , Azuma Yasuhiro , Koh Rachel , Phillips Heather , Singh Nim , Craven Audrey , Dodick David W , Miyake Hitoshi
Published: March 2023

Background

Migraine is a highly prevalent, disabling, misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and undertreated neurological disease. It is a leading cause of productivity loss in the workplace.

Methods

This is the first large-scale company-wide headache education and evaluation program in the workplace.

Results

73,432 (90.5%) Fujitsu employees participated. The prevalence of migraine was 16.7%, tension-type headache 40.7%, and cluster headache 0.5%. After completing the training, 82.9% of participants without headache said they would change their attitude towards colleagues with headache disorders and 72.5% of total participants said their understanding of headache changed. The proportion of employees who thought that headache had a significant impact on people’s lives increased from 46.8% to 70.6%; 2971 (4.1%) of all participants were interested in a virtual consultation with a headache specialist as part of the program, more than half of whom had not previously consulted for headache. Approximately 14.7 days per year of full productivity per employee with headache were gained resulting in an annual productivity saving per employee of US$4531.

Conclusion

This unique headache workplace program was associated with a high level of participation, an improvement in the understanding of migraine and attitude towards colleagues with migraine, reduction in disability and increased employee productivity, and decreased costs of lost productivity due to migraine. Workplace programs for migraine should be considered for all industry sectors.
“It's Not Just the Seizures”: Brain Tumor Caregivers’ Experiences and Educational Needs in Out-of-Hospital Seizure Management
Authors: Ejem Deborah , Stockdill Macy , Edwards Rebecca , Dionne-Odom J. Nicholas , Taylor Richard , Baehr Walter , Nabors L. Burt , Bakitas Marie , Warren Paula
Published: March 2023

Objective: Family caregivers (FCGs) of persons with primary brain tumors (PBTs) report high levels of distress related to concerns about out-of-hospital seizures. This study aims to explore their experiences and needs with seizure management. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were held with 15 FCGs of persons with PBTs, both those who have and those who have not experienced a seizure, to elicit their concerns about out-of-hospital seizure management and related information needs. A qualitative descriptive study using thematic analysis was conducted based on interview data. Results: Three primary themes were identified relative to FCG experiences and needs related to care of PBTs patients, especially seizure management: (1) FCGs’ experiences with caring for persons with PBTs; (2) FCGs’ educational needs for seizure preparation and resources; and (3) FCGs’ desired type of educational resources and information about seizures. Often FCGs were reported being fearful of seizures and nearly all expressed difficulty knowing when to call emergency services. FCGs equally desired written and online resources, and most preferred graphics or videos detailing seizures. Most FCGs thought that seizure-related training should come after rather than at the time of PBTs diagnosis. FCGs of patients who have not experienced seizures were significantly less prepared to manage seizures than those with a prior seizure. Conclusions: Recognizing and managing out-of-hospital seizures can be a difficult and distressing task for FCGs of patients with PBTs and seizure-related resources are needed. Our results suggest that FCGs of care recipients with PBTs need early supportive interventions to provide self-care strategies and problem-solving skills to manage their roles as caregivers. Interventions should include educational components to assist them in understanding the best mechanisms to maintain a safe environment for their care recipients, and those that deepen knowledge about when to contact EMS.
Ten Influential Point-of-Care Ultrasound Papers: 2022 in Review
Authors: Millington Scott J. , Arntfield Robert T. , Koenig Seth J. , Mayo Paul H. , Vieillard-Baron Antoine
Published: March 2023

Keeping up with the latest developments in the point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) literature is challenging, as with any area of medicine. Our group of POCUS experts has selected 10 influential papers from the past 12 months and provided a short summary of each. We hope to provide emergency physicians, intensivists, and other acute care providers with a succinct update concerning some key areas of ultrasound interest.
Effects of interlayer forms on the resistance welding performance of PAEK/CF thermoplastic composite laminates
Authors: Marti Ismail Baha , Kaynak Cevdet
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this study is to investigate usability of resistance welding joining method for poly (aryletherketone) (PAEK) thermoplastic matrix/carbon fiber (CF) reinforced composite laminates (PAEK/CF). For this purpose, effects of six different Interlayer Forms having different stainless steel meshes as Heating Elements and different woven glass fiber forms as Insulating Layers were studied. After determining welding parameters for each specimen group, performance of the resistance welding operations was compared by ultrasonic inspection, microscopic examination, DSC analyses, and by three different interlaminar mechanical tests. Analyses and tests generally revealed that use of stainless steel meshes as Heating Elements could supply proper amperage level for the heating, melting and crystallization stages of the PAEK matrix during welding consolidation. Depending on the lay-up configuration of Interlayer Forms, “amperage levels” determined for the heating, melting dwell and crystallization dwell were in the ranges of 46–100 A, 40–90 A and 25–50 A, respectively, It was also observed that in order to prevent Current Leakage problem to the other layers in the composite laminate, rather thicker and heavier woven glass fiber forms as Insulating Layers should be used. Otherwise, not only voids could form in the thermoplastic matrix, but also delamination might occur in the upper or lower PAEK/CF composite laminates being welded. When thicker and heavier insulating layer was used; interlaminar mechanical properties of Single Lap Shear Strength, Fracture Toughness under Mode-I and Mode-II were determined as high as 36.77 MPa, 3.76 kJ/m2 and 4.71 kJ/m2, respectively.
Oil jets piston cooling: A numerical methodology for the estimation of heat transfer coefficients and optimization of the piston temperature field through a genetic algorithm
Authors: Renso Fabio , Giacopini Matteo , Barbieri Saverio Giulio , Mangeruga Valerio
Published: March 2023

High-efficiency internal combustion engines need specific methodologies to be developed for the design improvement of the components. Predicting and reducing the thermal loadings on the parts are critical tasks to be addressed. This contribution focuses on the thermal management of the piston through oil jets. The operating temperature of the piston deeply affects its thermo-mechanical behavior, thus possibly jeopardizing the structural integrity of the component. The design of piston cooling jets is usually addressed through Computational Fluid Dynamics, which can guarantee accurate results, usually at a high computational cost. In this contribution, a faster tool is derived to grasp the effect of the cooling jets on the temperature of the piston. Empirical correlations are applied to predict the instantaneous heat transfer coefficients on the piston. The reciprocating motion of the piston is considered since it affects the interaction between the surface and the oil jets. Instantaneous coefficients are cycle-averaged and used to estimate the temperature of the piston through a Finite Element thermal analysis. Finally, an optimization code is developed to find the best jet configuration capable to minimize the temperature of the piston. This methodology is a powerful tool to select the optimal oil jet nozzles for piston cooling.
Watering the desert: Oasis hydroarchaeology, geochronology and functionality in Northern Arabia
Authors: Lüthgens Christopher , Luciani Marta , Prochazka Sabrina , Firla Gustav , Hoelzmann Philipp , Abualhassan Ahmed M
Published: March 2023

The phenomenon of very extended desert oases settlements, mega-sites featuring complex irrigation systems and monumental walls has long been observed in Northern Arabia. In the past, it has been linked to the settling down of nomadic components of the population and dated through archaeological material to the Late Bronze or Iron Ages (late second to mid-first millennium BCE). Since 2014 we have been investigating this development through the case study of the oasis of Qurayyah, a walled site of over 300 ha (Tabuk, NW Saudi Arabia). After mapping the geomorphological and hydroarchaeological layout of this ancient settlement, we established the age of key locations of the site through OSL and radiometric measurements from controlled stratigraphic excavations. We could thus confirm that a major – the largest so far documented in Arabia – flood protection and surface water harvesting system (SWHS) was developed already during the Early Bronze Age (2900–2600 calBCE) onto the relict late Pleistocene playa landscape. This sophisticated anthropogenic hydraulic infrastructure enabled the foundation of the river oasis and construction of the permanent walled settlement. Since different components of the SWHS erected on the site (dam, inlet, canals, weirs, outlet, etc.) resulted being synchronic, they are understood as functional elements of one and the same system. A test of the functionality of the identified SWHS for different rainfall scenarios has confirmed that the volume of its catchment’s surface-water supply was sufficient for irrigation, productive and drinking needs of the large oasis since its Early Bronze Age creation.
Time to Move Beyond the ASWB Licensing Exams: Can Generative Artificial Intelligence Offer a Way Forward for Social Work?
Authors: Victor Bryan G. , Kubiak Sheryl , Angell Beth , Perron Brian E.
Published: March 2023

Social work scholars have long questioned the validity and utility of the Association of Social Work Boards (ASWB) licensing exams. Data released in 2022 revealed severe disparities in pass rates based on race, age, and language, exacerbating these concerns. In this paper, we explore the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) such as ChatGPT to address core problems of the ASWB exams, including the use of a multiple-choice format that does not reflect real-world social work practice. To assess its social work reasoning, we used ChatGPT to answer ASWB-developed practice questions for the Bachelors, Masters, and Clinical exams. ChatGPT scored 76%, 80%, and 64%, respectively, and identified additional validity challenges. Based on this performance, we provide a proof-of-concept for how generative AI might move us toward a more valid and equitable exam. While we strongly support licensure requirements, state regulators and legislators should temporarily suspend the use of the ASWB exams for this purpose.
Three-dimensional Anthropometric Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Unilateral and Bilateral Cleft Nasal Deformity
Authors: Harrison Lucas M. , Cole Naomi A. , Derderian Christopher A. , Hallac Rami R.
Published: March 2023

Objective

This study used three-dimensional measurements to provide a nasolabial analysis of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), and controls across different races and ethnicities.

Design

A retrospective comparative study.

Setting

Tertiary care pediatric institution.

Patients, Participants

The study included 90 patients with UCLP, 43 patients with BCLP, and 90 matched controls. Patients are separated as self-identified Caucasian, Hispanic, or African American.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Nasal length, nasal protrusion, columellar height, columellar width, tip width, alar width, alar base width, nasolabial angle, upper lip length, philtrum length, nostril height, and nostril width.

Results

All UCLP groups had significantly greater columella and tip widths and decreased nasolabial angles than controls. All BCLP groups had significantly greater columella width, tip width, nasolabial angle, and nostril widths. Upper lip length, philtrum length, and nostril height were significantly decreased in BCLP compared to controls. Across UCLP groups, African Americans had significantly decreased nasal protrusion and columella height and a significantly increased columella width compared to Caucasians and Hispanics. Alar and alar base widths were significantly different between all groups. Across BCLP groups, the Caucasian nostril width was significantly less than the African Americans.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that when correcting nasolabial characteristics in patients with cleft lip, it is important to consider racial and ethnic differences to achieve a normal appearance. Specifically, goals for alar width, alar base width, nasal tip, and projection should be tailored to the patient's race and ethnicity.
Ode to Museum Indians: In Honor of Ishi, James Luna, and the Dakota Pipeline Resistance
Authors: Denzin Norman K.
Published: March 2023

A two-act play/performance text inspired by James Luna’s performance of “Ishi: The Archive Performance”: Boston, July 2014, text courtesy of Elena Creef; see also Johns (2014).3 Contrary to Theodora Kroeber, Ishi’s story did not end with the publication of her book Ishi in Two Worlds (1961; also Kroeber and Kroeber, 2003). In fact, Ishi has had multiple lives since he died. Here are some of them. In fact, he became an indigenist rights activist participating in the Dakota Access Pipeline Protest (2022).
Stress Management Interventions Among U.S. High School Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ng Teresa J. , Ling Jiying , Robbins Lorraine B. , Kao Tsui-sui A.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Adolescent ineffective stress management has been associated with negative health outcomes, such as anxiety and depression. Comprehensively evaluating the effects of stress management interventions is needed.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the effects of stress management interventions on mental health outcomes (stress, anxiety, depression, and positive and negative affect) and perform moderation analysis to identify moderators of intervention effects on stress, anxiety, and depression among U.S. high school adolescents.

Methods:

Four databases (CINAHL, ERIC, PubMed, and PsycINFO) were searched. After literature screening, 24 articles describing 25 studies were retained. Hedge’s  g was calculated using random-effects models. Exploratory moderation analyses were performed to identify moderators.

Results:

The pooled effects on reducing stress were −0.36. The interventions had small effects on decreasing anxiety ( g = −0.31) and depression ( g = −0.23). Long-term follow-up effects were −0.77 on perceived stress, −0.08 on anxiety, and −0.19 on depression. Mind-body and cognitive-behavioral interventions had moderate effects on reducing anxiety ( g = −0.51). Interventions with longer duration (>8 weeks) were more effective in reducing anxiety (−0.39 vs. −0.26) and depression (−0.36 vs. −0.17).

Conclusions:

These findings support the short-term effectiveness of stress management interventions in improving mental health among high school adolescents in the United States. Subsequent research efforts should focus on sustaining long-term effects.
An emerging application of gamma irradiation in reducing higher levels of hydroxymethyl furfural (toxic hazard) in date syrup and enhancing the microbial and nutritional quality
Authors: Mostafa Aya Y , Badee Adel ZM , Helmy Shahinaz A , Farag Serag A , Abdel Aziz Mohamed E
Published: March 2023

Date syrup is a very rich nutritional and medicinal product. It can be used alone or mixed with other food products. Now, it is widely used as a natural sweetener instead of harmful sugar in several food products. However, date syrup contains higher levels of 5-hydroxyl methyl furfural (5-HMF) (heat-induced toxicant). HMF is normally formed during processing via Maillard reaction as a result of heating. Thus, the present study aims at investigating the effect of gamma irradiation in reducing HMF content and improving the quality properties of date syrup. Date syrup samples (commercial) were irradiated at different doses (15, 20 and 25 kGy). HMF content was determined using the HPLC method. The obtained results showed that γ-irradiation reduced the toxic compound (HMF) in date syrup, where irradiation dose (20 kGy) recorded the lowest HMF level (1956.40 mg/kg) with a reduction percentage of 46.96% compared to the non-irradiated sample. While the non-irradiated sample revealed the highest level of HMF and bacterial growth. Therefore, γ-irradiation is considered an effective treatment that reduces HMF using a particular dose (20 kGy) and prevents microbial growth (20–25 KGy). Furthermore, it may increase the nutritional value by increasing minerals’ bioavailability (15 kGy).
Utilization of Insecticide-Treated Nets in Households for Under-5 Children and Associated Factors in East Mesekan District, Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Welyou , Tolcha Alemu , Soboksa Negasa Eshete , Negassa Belay , Kanno Girum Gebremeskel , Aregu Mekonnen Birhanie
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are widely used tools that have been proven effective in preventing and controlling malaria. However, usage varies among households and can greatly affect the benefits of ITNs. Thus, this study aimed to assess the household utilization of insecticide-treated nets and its associated factors for under-5 children.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in March-April 2020 in the East Mesekan district. A total of 591 households with under-5 children were chosen by using a systematic random sampling approach for the interviews. The data was collected using a pretested questionnaire. Epi-Data version 3.1 was used to enter data and SPSS version 21 for analysis. A P-value of .05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

In this study, 58.2% (95% CI: [54.1%-62.2%]) of household participants used ITN for children under 5 years of age while sleeping the night before the survey. The study participants’ overall knowledge and practice of malaria prevention were 27.1% and 23.9%, respectively. Having a family size of less than 5 (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: [0.37-0.98]) and complaints of skin irritation (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI: [0.29-0.63]) significantly decreased ITN utilization. However, having 1 ITN (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: [1.15-4.02]) or 2 ITNs (AOR = 2.58, 95% CI: [1.51-4.39]), as well as low (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI: [1.33-3.20]) and medium (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI: [1.11-3.02]) knowledge of ITN importance, increased ITN utilization significantly.

Conclusions:

The households’ use of ITNs for children under the age of 5 was inadequate. It was significantly associated with having a family size of less than 5, complaints of skin irritation, owning 1 or 2 ITNs, and having low and medium knowledge of its importance. It is recommended that continuous and progressive health awareness about the consistent use of ITN for malaria prevention in the study area be promoted.
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cysticercosis bovis in Bishoftu Municipal Abattoir, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Fesseha Haben , Asefa Isayas
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cysticercus bovis has zoonotic implications with economic losses from organ contamination and treatment costs. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, where hygienic standards are low and residents customarily eat raw or undercooked meat, the disease is prevalent.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2021 to June 2022 to determine the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis in cattle slaughtered at the Bishoftu municipal abattoir, in central Ethiopia. Study populations for the active abattoir survey were cattle presented to the abattoir for slaughtering and routine meat inspection conditions. The organ namely the tongue, masseter muscle, liver, and triceps muscle were inspected for the presence of C. bovis.

Results:

From a total of 330 cattle, 14 were found to be positive for C. bovis, with an overall prevalence of 4.24%. Based on the origin of the animals, the highest prevalence was recorded at Adama (7.27%), followed by Bishoftu (5.45%), Mojo (5.45%), Borana (3.63%), Dukem (3.63%), and Kaliti (0.00%). Similarly, out of 111 adults and 219 old-aged cattle slaughtered and examined at the abattoir, 4.5%, and 4.11% were positive for C. bovis, respectively. Among tested independent variables, sex, body condition score, age, and origin of animals had no relationships with the prevalence of C. bovis. From the detected organ, the tongue ranks first for the highest number of cysts, followed by the masseter muscle, liver, and triceps muscle, with total cysts of 6, 4, 3, and 1, respectively.

Conclusion:

C. bovis is a prevalent zoonotic parasite disease that causes carcass condemnation; an enhanced understanding of the health consequences of teniasis is required to protect the community.
Diaphragmatic Dynamics and Thickness Parameters Assessed by Ultrasonography Predict Extubation Success in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Laguado-Nieto Marlon Adrián , Roberto-Avilán Sandra Liliana , Naranjo-Junoy Francisco , Meléndez-Flórez Héctor Julio , Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Domínguez-Alvarado Gonzalo Andrés , Campos-Castillo Víctor Alfonso , Ríos-Orozco Sergio Uriel , Narváez-Rojas Alexis Rafael
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION

A frequent cause of weaning and extubation failure in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients is diaphragm muscle dysfunction. Ultrasound (US) evaluation of the diaphragm yields important data regarding its thickness (diaphragm thickening fraction [TFdi]) and its movement or excursion (diaphragmatic dynamics) that reveal the presence of diaphragmatic dysfunction.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study, which included patients older than 18 years with invasive mechanical ventilation with an expected duration of more than 48 h, in a tertiary referral center in Colombia. The excursion of the diaphragm, inspiratory and expiratory thickness, and TFdi were evaluated by US. Prevalence and use of medications were evaluated, and the association with failure in ventilatory weaning and extubation was analyzed.

RESULTS

Sixty-one patients were included. The median age and APACHE IV score were 62.42 years and 78.23, respectively. The prevalence of diaphragmatic dysfunction (assessed by excursion and TFdi) was 40.98%. The sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for TFdi < 20% was 86%, 24%, 75%, and 40%, respectively, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.6. The ultrasonographic analysis of excursion of the diaphragm, inspiratory and expiratory thickness, and TFdi (>20%) allow in its set and with normal values, predict success or failure for the extubation with an area under the ROC curve of 0.87.

CONCLUSION

Diaphragmatic dynamics and thickness parameters together assessed by ultrasonography could predict the success of extubation in critically ill patients in Colombia, based on the finding of diaphragmatic dysfunction.
Segmentation and factors associated with the resilience of touristic SMEs: Results from Colombia
Authors: Sepúlveda Wilmer S , Bustamante-Caballero Sandra Patricia
Published: March 2023

Organizational resilience refers to the ability of organizations to sustain and recover from adversity. The Covid-19 pandemic was an unexpected event of enormous magnitude that affected the stability and continuity of many organizations around the world. The tourism sector was among the hardest hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. In this sense and facing the Covid-19 pandemic, the objective of this study was to explore factors associated with greater resilience by the SMEs in the tourism sector in a destination of Colombia. The information used came from conducting 60 surveys directed to various SMEs, including adventure tourism service providers, overnight stay places and restaurants. In order to identify segments of touristic SMEs according to their resilience, a cluster analysis was carried out. Two segments of SMEs were found, one with greater resilience and another with less resilience. The incorporation of technology, the development of new products and the access to new market segments as actions to cope with the crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic are key factors that characterize the most resilient segment of touristic SMEs. Also, the size of the company and the gender and academic level of the managers are associated with resilience of the SMEs that took part in the study.
Mapping Eve: A new materialist approach to concept maps as “working objects” in the humanities classroom
Authors: Hovland Ingie
Published: March 2023

This article presents a SoTL study of students’ use of concept maps in my undergraduate class “Women in Christian History,” in a mid-semester module called “the Eve project.” I present three students’ maps to show the different kinds of understandings that students developed in this literacy encounter. I am especially interested in how I can read these learning artifacts as a humanities scholar, and I use humanities theory—in this case, new materialism—to understand aspects of my students’ map-making, with a focus on the keyword “work.” I argue that the maps in my study, read through a new materialist lens, functioned as working objects in a manner that encouraged “differenciation” (inviting students to move toward multiple undefined learning outcomes), and that this is quite different from the work of “differentiation” (ranking students according to predefined learning outcomes) that concept maps traditionally perform in science classes.
Examining the Sexual Double Standards and Hypocrisy in Partner Suitability Appraisals Within a Norwegian Sample
Authors: Kennair Leif Edward Ottesen , Thomas Andrew G. , Buss David M. , Bendixen Mons
Published: March 2023

Sexual double standards are social norms that impose greater social opprobrium on women versus men or that permit one sex greater sexual freedom than the other. This study examined sexual double standards when choosing a mate based on their sexual history. Using a novel approach, participants (N = 923, 64% women) were randomly assigned to make evaluations in long-term or short-term mating contexts and asked how a prospective partner's sexual history would influence their own likelihood of having sex (short-term) or entering a relationship (long-term) with them. They were then asked how the same factors would influence the appraisal they would make of male and female friends in a similar position. We found no evidence of traditional sexual double standards for promiscuous or sexually undesirable behavior. There was some evidence for small sexual double standard for self-stimulation, but this was in the opposite direction to that predicted. There was greater evidence for sexual hypocrisy as sexual history tended to have a greater negative impact on suitor assessments for the self rather than for same-sex friends. Sexual hypocrisy effects were more prominent in women, though the direction of the effects was the same for both sexes. Overall, men were more positive about women's self-stimulation than women were, particularly in short-term contexts. Socially undesirable sexual behavior (unfaithfulness, mate poaching, and jealous/controlling) had a large negative impact on appraisals of a potential suitor across all contexts and for both sexes. Effects of religiosity, disgust, sociosexuality, and question order effects are considered.
Diluting, decoupling, and dovetailing: Considering new metaphors for understanding the changing international school landscape in China
Authors: Poole Adam , Bunnell Tristan
Published: March 2023

A major development in recent years concerning the growth of ‘private English-speaking international schooling’ has been the transition from a ‘traditional’ mode of activity towards a ‘non-traditional’ context. This is especially the case in Asia, where the majority of international schools now reside. Moreover, we find that in Mainland China two-thirds of the (approximately) 900 schools that might be thought of as international schools are now perhaps better classified as ‘international ised schools’, catering largely for Chinese nationals and being taught by a largely local teaching force whilst delivering a fusion of international and national curricula in a profit-driven paradigm. A major challenge is to picture and theorise this changing, and increasingly very different, landscape. This paper offers a new imagery for discussion by using metaphor. Building upon the conflicting ‘diluting’ and ‘decoupling’ metaphors that have been recently introduced in the international schooling literature, we present here a conciliatory new imagery: that of ‘dovetailing’. This alternative, third metaphor suggests that the changing landscape of international schooling in places including mainland China involves models of private bilingual international schooling that are pragmatically ‘dovetailed’ with national forms of schooling, fusing cosmopolitan sensitivities with the nationalist needs of the state. This metaphor is now ready to be developed and adapted in China and beyond.
The efficacy and safety of additional treatment with short-acting muscarinic antagonist combined with long-acting beta-2 agonist in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tanimura Kazuya , Sato Susumu , Fujita Yukio , Yamamoto Yoshifumi , Hajiro Takashi , Horita Nobuyuki , Kawayama Tomotaka , Muro Shigeo
Published: March 2023

Background

The rationale for additional treatment with short-acting bronchodilators combined with long-acting bronchodilators for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not adequately studied.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) therapy combined with a long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) in patients with stable COPD. Pulmonary function, dyspnea, health-related quality of life, exercise tolerance, physical activity, exacerbations of COPD, and adverse events during regular use were set as outcomes of interest.

Results

We included five controlled trials including two sets of publicly available online data without article publications for the meta-analysis. Additional use of SAMA plus LABA showed a significant improvement in the peak response in FEV1 (mean difference (MD) 98.70 mL, p < .00001), transitional dyspnea index score (MD .85, p = .02), and St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire score (MD -2.00, p = .008) compared to LABA treatment. There was no significant difference in the risk of exacerbation of COPD ( p = .20) and only a slight trend of increased severe adverse events (OR: 2.16, p = .08) and cardiovascular events (OR: 2.38, p = .06).

Conclusion

Additional treatment with SAMA combined with LABA could be a feasible choice due to its efficacy and safety.
Diversity among endovascular neurointerventionalists in Canada results of a national survey 2022
Authors: Itsekzon-Hayosh Ze’ev , Agid Ronit
Published: March 2023

Aim

Neurointervention (NIR) is a relatively new developing filed of medicine. Diversity and inclusion in various medical fields has made a significant progress. However, many surgical and interventional fields are still lagging in this respect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of diversity and inclusion amongst neurointerventionalists in Canada.

Materials and methods

A survey was completed in June 2022 by each neurointerventional division in Canada. The survey included questions regarding demographics, inclusivity, diversity, social and personal parameters. The collected data was analysed using semi-quantitative analysis.

Results

As of 2022, 85 physicians were actively practicing NIR in Canada. 52% were neuroradiologists, 38% neurosurgeons and 9% neurologists. 41% were immigrants to Canada (from 19 countries), for 35% English or French were not first language, 35% were visible minority. Women comprised only 21% of the practitioners, with comparable proportion of women in leadership positions. Most practitioners were in the 30–49 age group. 2.4% practitioners identified as LGBTQ. There was no gender difference in terms of life to work balance, with majority of practitioners being engaged in long term relationships and having children.

Conclusions

Our study shows encouraging results in terms of diversity and inclusion amongst Canadian neurointerventionalists regarding the representation of various specialty backgrounds, immigrants, and visible minorities. NIR centers are distributed according to population density and better coverage is needed in smaller communities and remote/isolated areas. Both women and men Canadian neurointerventionalists seem to have a favourable life-work balance. Gaps still exist regarding inclusion of first nations and women which are under-represented among Canadian Neurointerventionalists. Women however are proportionally serving in leadership positions.
The impact of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities on peer relationships of typically developing siblings
Authors: Niedbalski Jakub
Published: March 2023

Introduction/background

This study aims to determine the impact of a person with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities on peer relationships of their siblings.

Methods

Information obtained from typically developing siblings of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities served as research material for this study. There were a total of 18 participants in the study. The analysis and interpretation were based on the procedures of grounded theory.

Results and conclusion

The results of the study show that young adults with a brother or sister with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities have some difficulties in establishing relationships with their peers, especially those more intimate such as friendships or romantic endeavors. At the same time, research confirms that siblings of individuals with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities have high levels of empathy and understanding for others as well as sincere attachment to family.
Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM) in patients with refractory gastroparesis: a review
Authors: McCurdy Grace Ann , Gooden Tonia , Weis Francesca , Mubashir Maryam , Rashid Shazia , Raza Syed Musa , Morris James , Cai Qiang
Published: March 2023

Gastric peroral endoscopic pyloromyotomy (G-POEM or POP) is an endoscopic therapeutic modality for treatment of refractory gastroparesis. Since the first case reported in 2013, there are more than 200 papers published on G-POEM. In this narrative review, we summarize the short-term and long-term outcomes and review other important studies. The technical success rate is 100% and the short-term (within 1 year) success rate is about 50–80%. The procedure time is between 50 and 70 min while the average length of hospital stay was 2–3 days. The adverse event rate was around 10%. Few patients need further intervention. Three studies showed that at the 4-year follow-up, the response to G-POEM was durable, but there was a yearly recurrence rate of 13% or more. Redo G-POEM is feasible and can be of benefit for some patients. Most of the studies showed that long duration of illness is associated with poor outcomes. However, reliable predictors for successful outcomes are still unknown. Current literature indicates G-POEM is superior to gastric electric stimulator and surgical pyloroplasty. Endoflip has been used at G-POEM to predict the outcome, but the result is very preliminary. A recent sham study confirms the short-term efficacy of G-POEM. G-POEM is safe and about 50% of patients can be discharged to home on the same day. G-POEM allows for direct biopsy of the gastric muscle, which is the location of the pacemaker cells, the interstitial cells of Cajal; therefore, G-POEM may provide a new path for further research on the pathogenesis of gastroparesis.
Cardioprotective Effects of Nano-Piperine Against Cypermethrin Toxicity Through Oxidative Stress, Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Studies in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Hussain Sohail , Ashafaq Mohammad , Alshahrani Saeed , Siddiqui Rahimullah , Alam Mohammad Intakhab , Mohammed Manal , Almoshari Yosif , Alqahtani Saad S
Published: March 2023

Background: Cypermethrin (Cyp) is a synthetic derivative of pyrethroids, implicated in various organ toxicity. This study investigated the potential cardio-protective activity of nano-piperine (NP) against Cyp toxicity in adult Wister male rats. Methods: All animals in groups II, III, IV, and V were subjected to Cyp (50 mg/kg) for 15 days. After 1 h of receiving the Cyp dose, 3 doses of NP (125, 250, and 500 µg/kg/day) were administered to groups III, IV, and V, respectively, for 10 days. In Group VI, a dose of 500 µg/kg NP alone was given orally daily for 10 days. Result: The toxic effects were evaluated by an increase in serum cardiac injury biomarkers (lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase-myoglobin binding, tissue lipid peroxidation, a decrease in antioxidative activity, such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase, and upregulation of interleukins [interleukin 1β, interleukin 6]). Immunohistochemistry studies of proteins (nuclear factor-κB [NF-kB], apoptotic protease activating factor-1 [Apaf-1], 4-hydroxynonenal [4-HNE] and Bax) showed enhanced expression, and histopathological examination revealed myolysis, loss of striation and hemorrhages indicating heart toxicity in the animals. Administration of NP significantly ameliorated all the changes caused by Cyp, such as a decrease in the levels of serum cardiac injury markers, an increase of antioxidative parameters, decrease in expression of inflammatory cytokines and NF-kB, Apaf-1, 4-HNE, and Bax, as shown by immunohistochemistry studies. Furthermore, all the histopathological changes were reduced to near the values of the control. Conclusion: Collectively our findings indicated that NP could be a potent nutraceutical exhibiting cardioprotective effects against Cyp-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Socio-Cultural Influencers of Disclosure of HIV Status to Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in the Masaka Region, Uganda: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kairania Robert , Onyango-Ouma Washington , Ondicho Tom G.
Published: March 2023

This study explored sociocultural influencers of disclosure of HIV status to children taking daily antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Masaka region, Uganda using data collected from 26 key informant interviews with caregivers between October 2020 and July 2021. The findings revealed both positive and negative sociocultural influencers of disclosure. Beliefs that disclosure cultivates responsibility in the child to improve ART adherence and the culture of routine sexual health education conversations with children were positive socio-cultural influencers. Beliefs that disclosure increases children's loss of hope in life and breaks confidentiality with children inadvertently disclosing their HIV status to others leading to discrimination and social rejection, were key negative sociocultural influencers. These findings suggest a need for socio-culturally informed interventions that target caregiver negative socio-cultural disclosure influencers in this setting through contextualized sensitization and training to prepare children taking daily ART to receive disclosure progressively.
Prevalence of Abnormal Ultrasonographic Findings in Asymptomatic Peroneal Tendons
Authors: Smoker Brice A. , Giakas Alec M. , Mills F. Baker , Williams Kevin A. , Bornemann Paul H. , Benjamin Jackson J.
Published: March 2023

Background:

The peroneus longus (PL) and peroneus brevis (PB) tendons comprise the lateral compartment of the leg and stabilize the foot during weightbearing. Peroneal tendinopathy can precipitate lateral ankle pain and induce functional disability. The progression of peroneal pathology to lateral ankle dysfunction is thought to stem from asymptomatic, subclinical peroneal tendinopathy. There may be clinical benefit to identifying asymptomatic patients with this condition before progression to disability. Various ultrasonographic characteristics have been observed in peroneal tendinopathy. The purpose of this study is to identify the frequency of subclinical tendinopathic characteristics in asymptomatic peroneal tendons.

Methods:

One hundred seventy participants underwent bilateral foot and ankle ultrasonographic examination. Images were assessed for abnormalities of the PL and PB tendons by a group of physicians who recorded frequencies of abnormalities. This team consisted of an orthopaedic surgeon specializing in foot and ankle surgery, a fifth-year orthopaedic surgery resident, and a family medicine physician with musculoskeletal sonographer certification.

Results:

A total of 340 PL and 340 PB tendons were assessed. Sixty-eight (20%) PL and 41 (12.1%) PB tendons had abnormal traits. Twenty-four PLs and 22 PBs had circumferential fluid, 16 PLs and 9 PBs had noncircumferential fluid, 27 PLs and 6 PBs had thickening, 36 PLs and 12 PBs had heterogenicity, 10 PLs and 2 PBs had hyperemia, and 1 PL had calcification. In Caucasian participants, male gender was associated with increased frequency of abnormal findings, but there were no other significant differences based on age, body mass index, or ethnicity.

Conclusion:

In our studied population of 170 patients who had no complaints of associated symptoms, we found that 20% of PLs and 12% of PBs displayed ultrasonographic abnormalities. When we included all unusual findings within and around the tendons, prevalence rates of ultrasonographic abnormalities were 34% for PLs and 22% for PBs.

Level of Evidence:

Level II, prospective cohort study.
Second-Harmonic Generated Quantifiable Fibrosis Parameters Provide Signatures for Disease Progression and Regression in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ng Nicole , Tai Dean , Ren Yayun , Chng Elaine , Seneshaw Mulugeta , Mirshahi Faridoddin , Idowu Michael , Asgharpour Amon , Sanyal Arun J
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

The current ordinal fibrosis staging system for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has a limited dynamic range. The goal of this study was to determine if second-harmonic generated (SHG) quantifiable collagen fibrillar properties (qFP) and their derived qFibrosis score capture changes in disease progression and regression in a murine model of NASH, in which disease progression can be induced by a high fat sugar water (HFSW) diet and regression by reversal to chow diet (CD).

Methods:

DIAMOND mice were fed a CD or HFSW diet for 40 to 52 weeks. Regression related changes were studied in mice with diet reversal for 4 weeks after 48 to 60 weeks of a HFSW diet.

Results:

As expected, mice on HFSW developed steatohepatitis with stage 2 to 3 fibrosis between weeks 40 and 44. Both the collagen proportionate area and the qFibrosis score based on 15 SHG-quantified collagen fibrillar properties in humans were significantly higher in mice on HFSW for 40 to 44 weeks compared to CD fed mice. These changes were greatest in the sinusoids (Zone 2) with further increase in septal and portal fibrosis related scores between weeks 44 and 48. Diet reversal led to decrease in qFibrosis, septal thickness, and cellularity with greatest changes in Zone 2. Specific qFPs associated with progression only, regression only, or both processes were identified and categorized based on direction of fibrosis change.

Conclusion:

Complementing recent human studies, these findings support the concept that changes of disease progression and regression can be assessed using SHG-based image quantification of fibrosis related parameters.
Examining the changes in mathematics teachers’ technology dispositions through GeoGebra-mediated professional development
Authors: Benning Isaac , Linsell Chris , Ingram Naomi
Published: March 2023

Drawing on a technology dispositions framework, this study examined the changes in teachers’ beliefs, attitudes, competence, and behavioral intentions toward the use of technology in the mathematics classroom, following their engagement in professional development (PD) mediated by GeoGebra software. In a case study research design, 11 mathematics teachers from a senior high school in Ghana were purposively selected to engage in a 1-year PD program. They worked in teams to design and enact GeoGebra-based mathematics lessons. A self-report questionnaire, semi-structured interview, and lesson observation were used for data collection. Self-report data were analyzed using mean, SD, paired sample t-test, and Hedges’ g. Interview and lesson observation data were analyzed using a thematic approach. The results indicated that teachers’ pedagogical beliefs, affective attitudes, and competence toward technology changed following the PD. To some extent, they were able to make the goals of their mathematics lessons explicit and sequenced their instructional activities to engage students’ geometric and algebraic thinking. However, their intention to put the new pedagogy into classroom practice in the future depended on multiple contextual factors: administrative support, continual professional training, and provision of adequate technology facilities. These findings have implications for practices in mathematics education, technology dispositions frameworks, and PD.