bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HIV Risk Knowledge among Hispanic Adults in a U.S. – Mexico Border Community
Authors: Mata Holly , Provencio-Vasquez Elias , Martinez Jacob , De Santis Joseph
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Hispanics experience a disproportionate burden of chronic disease, including HIV/AIDS. Community-level data regarding HIV risk and transmission are vital to effectively respond to health disparities in unique, high-risk populations. This study described HIV risk behavior knowledge among Hispanics in El Paso, Texas, in order to contribute to culturally and linguistically appropriate services for clinical and community settings in this U.S.-Mexico border community. Specifically, this project highlights misconceptions and gaps in HIV risk knowledge in two Mexican-American adult samples: (1) 103 men recruited primarily through agencies providing HIV-related medical and social services, and (2) 98 women recruited primarily through events hosted at a local community center. Methods: Data were gathered through structured interviews with participants as part of a larger study of HIV risk factors. Results: Less than 20% of men and 5% of women answered all 12 knowledge items correctly. Conclusion: This study builds on previous research identifying gaps in HIV knowledge by prioritizing two different at-risk populations in a U.S.- Mexico border community, where sociodemographic factors such as poverty, stigma, and limited access to healthcare services may contribute to increased HIV risk.
Impact of Pharmacist Care in a Shared Medical Appointment Model for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes in a Micronesian Population
Authors: Tan Candace , Juarez Deborah T. , Haumea Stacy , Grimm Charlotte
Published: July 2019

More than 25 million people have diabetes in the United States and its complications make it a leading cause of death. Pacific Islanders, specifically Micronesians, experience even higher rates of diabetes, and pharmacist care for these individuals may improve health outcomes. Objective: To better address health disparities in this population, a health center serving Hawaii Island added clinical pharmacy services into their shared medical appointment program for diabetes management. Methods: Standard care (n= 21) consisted of weekly education sessions for patients provided by a multi-disciplinary team, after which patients had one-on-one appointments with a primary care provider if they met threshold clinical criteria. The intervention group (n=36) received the same services, plus a medication management service provided by a pharmacist during the one-on-one appointments. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the pharmacist care and standard care groups on clinical measures including glycosylated hemoglobin, low density lipoprotein and blood pressure at the end of the eighteenmonth intervention period. Conclusion: Pacific Islanders face unique health care challenges including low socioeconomic status, language barriers and differences in cultural perceptions of health care. The value of clinical pharmacy has been well-documented in the literature but further study of the role and impact of these services is warranted for high-risk populations.
Predictors of Women’s Emergency Contraception Use and Men’s Support of Partner’s Use among College Students
Authors: Fitzpatrick Veronica , Mouttapa Michele , Tanjasiri Sora Park , Napoli James
Published: July 2019

Background: The unintended pregnancy rate in the United States is high, and emergency contraception (EC) is a birth control method that prevents unintended pregnancies. Despite the fact that many college campuses provide access to EC, undergraduate college students have relatively high rates of unintended pregnancies. Purpose: This study examined whether perceptions and knowledge regarding EC use were associated with women’s intentions to use EC, and men’s intentions to support their partner’s EC use. Methods: This study utilized a convenience sample of 96 female and 118 male southern California community college undergraduate students. Results: Women had stronger intentions to use EC if they thought they could successfully obtain it at a pharmacy, while men reported they were more likely to support a partner’s use if they thought that EC use is morally acceptable. Conclusions: The findings suggest that increasing women’s knowledge about the accessibility of EC may lead to increased use of EC if needed. Men’s moral stance regarding EC use may impact the degree to which they will support their female partners using EC. Further implications are discussed.
Overweight Risk and Parental Concerns of Risk for Chinese Preschoolers in the U.S., China and Taiwan
Authors: Chen Jyu-Lin , Jiang Jingxiong , Wang Ruey-Hsia
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: The World Health Organization (WHO) has designated childhood obesity as a global epidemic. Parental factors such as perceptions of their child’s weight status, concerns about their child’s weight, parental feeding practices, and parents’ own weight status may be associated with increased obesity risk among preschool children. This study aims to explore factors related to body mass index (BMI) and parental concerns about their children’s weight among Chinese pre-school aged children in the U.S., China and Taiwan. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized. One hundred children (ages 3-5) and their parents participated in the study. Parents completed a family eating and activity habit questionnaire, a child feeding practices survey, a child bdy shape pictorial list, and a demographic survey. Children had their weight and height measured. Results: Fathers’ elevated BMI was related to higher children’s BMI (R2 = .095, p = 005), especially among boys. Parent-reported food restriction practices, perception of their child being heavy, increased food monitoring, and higher children’s activity level were associated with increased concerns for a child’s weight (R2 = .43, p = 001). Conclusion: In contrast to literature that focuses on mothers, our study suggests that obesity prevention for Chinese fathers may assist in the obesity prevention efforts of their young children, especially among boys. In addition, parent education on healthy feeding practices for preschool children is warranted for preventing childhood obesity.
Pilot Feasibility Study of a Campaign Intervention for Weight Loss among Overweight and Obese Adults
Authors: Garcia David O. , Jakicic John M. , Davis Kelliann K. , Gibbs Bethany Barone , Burke Lora E. , Rickman Amy D.
Published: July 2019

Background: Behavioral interventions produce significant short-term weight loss. However, these interventions typically require regular in-person sessions, which may not be feasible for all individuals. Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of a 12-week campaign intervention (CI) compared to a standard on-site, group-based behavioral weight loss intervention (SBWL) among overweight/obese adults. Methods: SBWL participants (n=13; age: 42.5 ± 9.1 years; BMI: 33.4 ± 3.8 kg/m²) attended weekly group meetings, were prescribed a daily reduced caloric goal and 200 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week. CI participants (n=13; age: 43.8 ± 9.0 years; BMI: 33.2 ± 3.8 kg/m²) received the same recommendations as the SBWL, attended in-person group meetings at weeks 0 and 12, and received e-mail messages weeks 2-11. Additional CI features included a thematic framework and an incentive-based point system targeting behavioral goals. Results: Significant weight loss was demonstrated for intention-to-treat (SBWL: -5.6 ± 2.9 kg; CI: -3.1 ± 3.4 kg) (p
Breakfast Consumption and Physical Fitness in Elementary School Children
Authors: Hammons Amber J. , Rafael Kimberly
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Breakfast consumption is associated with many benefits, including lower rates of school absenteeism and tardiness, improved cognitive function, healthy eating, increased physical activity, and lower body weight, but it is estimated that 20% of children and 31.5% of teens skip breakfast. This study examines the relationship between breakfast consumption and performance on an endurance run among 10-12 year old children. Methods: Seventy-two children filled out questionnaires about breakfast and physical activity habits and participated in a researcher-facilitated fitness test. Results: Daily breakfast consumers were 3.82 times more likely to be in the healthy fitness zone for the endurance test ((OR) 3.82, 95% CI 1.07-13.73) compared to those who only sometimes consume breakfast. Conclusions and Implications: Emphasizing the importance of eating breakfast may be a significant component to reiterate in physical education curriculum and interventions focused on health. Additionally, increasing in-classroom school breakfast programs may contribute to improvements in children’s physical fitness.
Relationship between Overweight and Obesity Prevalence and School Proficiency, Performance and Satisfaction Scores among Hawaii Children Entering Public Schools
Authors: Pobutsky Ann , Bradbury Earl
Published: July 2019

Background: Previous research suggests that overweight/obese children entering schools in Hawaii are more likely to live in communities with higher proportions of families with low educational attainment, higher poverty, unemployment and government assistance. Purpose: Although studies have highlighted the association between neighborhood structural factors and childhood overweight/obesity, any role between childhood overweight/obesity and educational performance factors remains unclear. Methods: Hawaii public school data were obtained, specifically (1) the proportion of students in 2007-2008 who were overweight/obese (among 12,823 students between ages 4-5 who entered 204 public elementary schools at that time) and (2) average school performance scores on educational performance indicators (math and reading proficiency, school performance, and parent, student and teacher satisfaction (positive responses on school quality indicators). Information for each school was entered into a database and correlational analyses were conducted. Results: Overall school performance scores were moderately correlated with proportion of overweight and obese students (Pearson’s r=.507, p
Improving the Content of, and Patient Access to, Prostate Cancer Treatment Decision Information
Authors: Perrault Evan K.
Published: July 2019

Background and Significance: Physicians remain a key source of information regarding treatment options for men with a prostate cancer diagnosis, yet no known in-depth interview research has been conducted on the kind of information they want to provide patients, or how to reach them with new materials. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with eight physicians (i.e., four urologists, three family practice physicians, and one medical oncologist) to identify areas of improvement regarding prostate cancer treatment information and how to best reach physicians with such information, in hopes they will pass the materials along to their patients. Results: Physicians indicated they would be receptive to representatives from agencies contacting them directly (e.g., in-person, via phone, email) to get information to distribute to patients; however those representatives must be diligent in their attempts. Additionally, physicians stated information created should be neutral in content and easy for patients to comprehend. Conclusion: Expending resources to continually create and revise materials is ineffective if health promotion agencies cannot get their messages in-front of patients. Agencies should devote as much effort disseminating their resources as they do in creating them. Targeting physicians for dissemination efforts is just one step in helping men and families make more informed decisions about their treatment options.
Multi-site Programming Offered to Promote Resilience in Military Veterans
Authors: Thomas Kate Hendricks , Taylor Sarah Plummer , Hamner Karl , Glazer John , Kaufman Emily
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Military and veteran suicide rates exceed those found in the general population. Veterans often reject patient identities, creating barriers to care for mental health within the clinical sector and a mandate for prevention programs. The purpose of this study was to offer a postintervention process evaluation of one peer-led resilience program offered to military veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan at three sites in 2013. Methods: Secondary analysis of survey data collected involved mixed-methods analysis of open and closed-ended questions. In total, the research team reviewed 52 electronic survey responses; participant response rate was 48.1%. Results: Descriptive data analysis found that all participants rated Just Roll With It Bootcamp content as “somewhat useful” (17.9%) or “very useful” (82.1%). Qualitative analysis of open-ended questions found that content was perceived as valuable by participants. Emergent themes included: health practices, social support, and participant quality of life or satisfaction. Comments also informed four subthemes which included: meditation/mindfulness, nutrition, physical practice, and the seminars’ physical environment. Conclusion: Culturally-informed prevention programs that emphasize social support, physical movement, and peer-leadership have a vital role to play in working to prevent suicide by promoting quality of life for veterans.
Does Type of Disability Matter to Public Health Policy and Practice?
Authors: Reichard Amanda , Stransky Michelle , Phillips Kimberly , Drum Charles , McClain Monica
Published: July 2019

Background: Surveillance has been insufficient to inform and evaluate public health practices for people with disabilities. No studies have investigated whether there is statistical justification for subdividing the large, heterogeneous group of people with disabilities into subpopulations, for surveillance. Methods: Pooled data from the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (2004-2010, unweighted n=132,198) included the following disability types: physical, cognitive, visual, hearing loss, and multiple disabilities. We examined differences among the disability subgroups and the no disability group on receipt of flu shot, dental exam, and timely care; insurance status; usual source of care (USOC); mental and physical health; and multiple chronic conditions (MCC). Results: The disability subgroups were sociodemographically heterogeneous and differed from each other and the no disability group on health status (mental, physical, and MCC) and healthcare outcomes (flu shot, dental exam, timely receipt of care, USOC, insurance status). Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that disability subgroups differ in the magnitude of the disparities they experience compared to each other and to people without disabilities. Disability subgroups should be examined separately for public health measures to enable effective tailoring of public health policies and programs to better meet the needs for all people.
Attitudes of a Multiethnic Group of Immigrants towards Online Social Networking and Physical Activity
Authors: Ferrara Cynthia M. , Ackerson Leland K. , Murphy Deirdra A.
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Sedentary behavior contributes to the risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease. Increasing physical activity is particularly important for new immigrants to the U.S., since the risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease increases with acculturation to U.S. society. This study examined facilitators and barriers of using social media to provide information on physical activity, perceptions of the benefits of physical activity, and barriers to physical activity in low English proficiency immigrants in a New England city. Methods: Three focus groups were conducted to collect information from 25 adults in a New England city (Mean= 47.7+13.2 year, 68% female, 64% Asian). Results: Participants reported using social media to connect with family and friends, rather than to make new social connections. Barriers to social media use included access and privacy concerns. While the participants believed physical activity was necessary for health, they identified a number of barriers to exercise, including lack of access to exercise facilities, financial issues, and information on safe and effective ways to exercise. Conclusion: Using social media may be a convenient way to provide information about physical activity to low English proficiency immigrants, but researchers need to address the barriers to utilizing social media and engaging in physical activity.
Feedback from the Field
Authors: Sharif Mienah Zulfacar , Herman Dena R. , Haydu Suzanne , Gray Candice , Ramstrom Karen C.
Published: July 2019

Background: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce risks of excessive weight gain during pregnancy and help prevent maternal and child obesity. Low-income women are high-risk for excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Nutrition counseling can help improve dietary habits, however, it is often provided by paraprofessionals who lack formal training in dietetics. There is a need for a brief dietary assessment form for paraprofessionals serving low-income perinatal women. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide feedback on the feasibility of the Perinatal Food Group Recall (PFGR) form among Comprehensive Perinatal Health Workers (CPHWs) serving low-income pregnant and post-partum mothers. Methods: Nine CPHWs at four clinics were asked to complete their regular dietary assessment form and then administer the PFGR. Key informant interviews with the nine paraprofessionals were conducted to obtain their feedback on the form. Results: The findings suggest that the form provides a feasible and easyto-administer dietary assessment tool for use by practitioners without formal dietetics training who serve clinics in low-income communities with heavy client flow. Conclusion: The form can facilitate the provision of nutrition counseling among low-income mothers and build capacity among community health workers.
Exploration of How People with Mobility Disabilities Rate Community Barriers to Physical Activity
Authors: Vasudevan Vijay
Published: July 2019

Background and Significance: People with mobility disabilities (such as people who use a cane, walker, or wheelchair) are less likely to be physically active. Previous studies have identified community barriers to physical activity. However, these studies did not measure how people with mobility disabilities rated community barriers to physical activity. This study examined how people with mobility disabilities rate community barriers and explore relationships between these barriers and engagement in physical activity. Methods: Study participants (n = 150) were recruited from an accessible fitness center and an independent living center. Participants completed the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments and the Physical Activity and Disability Survey. Results: The most frequently reported community barriers were excessive crime or fear of crime (40.7%) and cars driving too fast (40.7%). The highest rated barrier was lack of accessible transportation to a fitness center, with a median rating of 5 out of 5. There was a significant, negative correlation between strength exercise and built environment and perceptions of safety. There was no significant correlation between aerobic exercise and built environment and perceptions of safety. Conclusion: People with disabilities face community barriers which contribute to a disparity in opportunities to be physically active. Future intervention studies are needed to determine whether physical activity rates change after improvements are made to make physical activity more accessible for people with disabilities.
Differences in Medical Marijuana Card Registration by Geographic Regions in California
Authors: Nordt Sean Patrick , Vivero Lisa E. , Joseph Daniel
Published: July 2019

California was the first state to legalize marijuana for medical purposes. Individuals are issued identification card for medical marijuana use for patients with chronic medical conditions if directed by a physician. Surveys have suggested there are regional differences between northern California residents, particularly the Bay Area, and southern California residents with respect to medical marijuana use and legalization. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the California Department of Public Health statistics regarding medical marijuana card registrations over various geographic areas of California. The California Department of Public Health Medical Marijuana Card Registration database reflects this with more individuals in the Bay Area registered compared to those in the ten southernmost counties of California. The reasons for this are unclear but could fall along political party lines as more registered Democrats support medical marijuana legalization compared to registered Republicans. The benefits of medical marijuana and potential adverse medical and socioeconomic effects have not been fully elucidated. Conclusion: There is a need for further study of the potential benefits for medical marijuana use and the reasons for apparent regional different beliefs of medical marijuana use and medical marijuana card registration.
Awareness that Dogs Can Be Carriers for Ticks that Transmit Lyme Disease
Authors: Fogel Joshua , Co Sherilyne
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Tick exposure places one at possible risk for Lyme disease. Awareness of this fact can possibly prevent its occurrence. Urban college students are often in outdoor areas where there is potential tick exposure. Methods: College students in New York City (n=714) were surveyed about demographics, Lyme-disease knowledge, Lyme disease related topics, and dog-specific items. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors that are related to awareness that dogs can be carriers for ticks that transmit Lyme disease. Results: For both dog owners and those who do not own dogs, certain Lyme disease knowledge topics, previously heard of Lyme disease, and aware of a Lyme disease dog vaccine were each associated with increased odds for awareness about dogs being carriers. Among dog owners, African American race/ethnicity and knowing someone diagnosed with Lyme disease were each associated with increased odds for awareness, while previous diagnosis of Lyme disease had decreased odds for awareness. Conclusion: One-on-one education by physicians, nurses, veterinarians, healthcare practitioners and public health practitioners could help address some of the lack of awareness among urban college students that dogs can be carriers for ticks that can transmit Lyme disease.
Assessing the Influence of Living and Working Conditions on Alcohol Consumption in Migrant Farmworkers in Mexico
Authors: Valdez Luis A. , Bell Melanie L. , Garcia David O.
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Inadequate working and living conditions are associated with alcohol consumption in farmworkers in the U.S. However, the influence of these factors on alcohol consumption patterns in migrant farmworkers in Mexico remains unclear. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the influence of housing and working conditions on alcohol use in migrant farmworkers in Mexico. Methods: We used logistic and ordinal logistic regression to examine the association of living and working conditions on alcohol consumption and frequency in 3,132 farmworkers in Mexico with data from a Mexican national farmworker’s survey. Results: Living in inadequately built homes (OR=0.84; 95% CI=0.72, 0.98; p
From the Workplace to Home
Authors: Pinkerton Sean , Wilson Kathleen S. , Rutkowski Elaine , Sherman Clay
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Improved employee health contributes to improved employer outcomes in productivity, attendance and workplace satisfaction. Wellness programs focus on the employee to improve these outcomes, but fail to offer opportunities that include the family. A focus on the employee and their child may yield greater health improvements. This pilot study explored the impact of an e-mail intervention targeting the employee and his/her child on their physical activity level, self-efficacy and social control (SC). Methods: Parent and child dyads were recruited from faculty and staff at a university and were subsequently randomized into an intervention group (family-focused activities) or a control group (employee-focused activities). Both parents and children (ndyads = 19) completed a baseline and follow-up (10 weeks later) online questionnaire that measured physical activity, self-efficacy, and SC. Results: Significant differences in parents were found in task efficacy, scheduling efficacy, and collaborative SC, where the intervention group reported higher changes for these outcomes compared to the control group (p
Four-Week Pedometer-Metered Step Walking Decreases Waist and Hip Circumference in Healthy College Students
Authors: Meeks Lauren , Reynaga Andy , Worland Corinne , Jo Edward , Dunn Sarah , Wien Michelle , Burns-Whitmore Bonny
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Positive effects of pedometer-metered steps and motivation on body composition have not been documented in healthy adults. This study determined the effects of: 1) 4- weeks of pedometer-metered walking and steps on body composition, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), diet changes, waist-to-hip ratios (WHR), and 2) daily motivation on step count. Methods: For 4-weeks, participants (n=29, 24 ± 3.8yo) wore a pedometer and recorded daily steps. Subjects were randomized into two groups: 1) daily motivational quotes (MQ) (n=19) to determine changes in step counts and 2) a control group (no MQ). Measurements were performed baseline, at study end; and 3 randomized 3-day diet records were collected. Results: Waist and hip circumference decreased significantly (p=0.002 & p=0.03) in both groups and decreased fat free mass (FFM) approached significance (p=0.06). Decreased fruit intake was observed in the second (p=0.007) and third (p=0.023) diet records. Conclusion: Motivation did not increase steps or changes in FBG and BP. However, WHR decreased in both groups suggesting that 4-weeks of pedometer walking results in positive abdominal changes. Additional longer-term studies are needed to examine these physical changes as well as investigate the decreased fruit intake.
Family-healthcare Provider Communication and Reported Health among Children and Adolescents in the United States
Authors: Kodjebacheva Gergana D. , Estrada Leobardo F. , Parker Shan
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Most research regarding healthcare communication focuses on adults. The study investigated how family-healthcare provider communication influences reported health and activity limitations among U.S. children ages 0 to 17. Methods: In the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children’s Health, parents reported information on 87,133 children aged 0 to 17 years. The influences of different aspects of perceived healthcare communication on reported health and activity limitations were assessed using weighted logistic regression. Results: Children who were Hispanic or non-Hispanic Black, spoke a language other than English, had unemployed parents, and received public health coverage tended to have healthcare providers who did not communicate effectively. Hispanics reported worse communication experiences than non-Hispanic Blacks. Children whose provider never/sometimes spent enough time with them were more likely to have poor/fair health and to have activity limitations compared to those whose provider usually/always spent enough time. Having a healthcare provider who reportedly never/sometimes listened carefully to the caregiver was associated with poor/fair health and activity limitations (among children. Conclusion: Ineffective communication between healthcare providers and families was associated with poor reported health. Ineffective communication was more commonly reported by non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic families compared to non-Hispanic White families. Interventions to improve communication may promote children’s health.
Relationship between Culture and Parent-teen Sexuality Conversations in Black Families
Authors: Gabbidon Kemesha , Shaw-Ridley Mary , George Florence
Published: July 2019

Background: Sexuality studies have often overlooked ethnic and cultural differences affecting parentteen sex conversations and the potential implications for Black teens’ sexual activity. Purpose: Examine the relationship between parent-teen sex conversations and teens’ sexual activity among ethnically diverse Black adolescents in Miami, Florida. Methods: Using cross-sectional survey methodology, 157 Black adolescents specifically, African Americans, Haitians, and Jamaicans (ages 14-18 years) were recruited through community-serving organizations and schools in Miami, Florida to complete a 52-item questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between parent-teen sex conversations and teens’ sexual activity. Results: Teens’ mean age was 16 years, (SD=1.49), 60% were female. Fifty percent of African Americans, 39% of Haitians, and 34% of Jamaicans were sexually active. Age of penile-vaginal/anal sexual debut was 14.15 years (SD=1.51) for Jamaicans, 15.09 years (SD=1.94) for African Americans, and 15.38 years, (SD=1.56) for Haitians. Of the three groups, Haitians reported lower comfort and value for family-sex conversations. Cultural differences affected families’ engagement in sex conversations, however teens benefited from parents’ messages on delaying sex and safer-sex practices. Conclusion: Findings call for culturally-appropriate public health interventions to improve families’ comfort and communication skills for sex conversations particularly in communities where these conversations contradict cultural norms.
Weight Status
Authors: Lewis Fiona B. , Price Amanda A. , Whitt-Glover Melicia C. , Odoms-Young Angela M. , Thorpe, Jr. Roland J.
Published: July 2019

Background: Negative health behaviors such as consumption of excess calories, low intake of fruits and vegetables, sedentariness and weight gain are associated with entry into college. Purpose: To determine if weight status is associated with students’ receipt of health promotion (nutrition, physical activity and stress reduction) information, and students’ interest in receiving these types of information from their college or university. Methods: Data from the Spring 2011 ACHA-NCHA II dataset was used to complete secondary data analyses. Students (N=116,254) from 148 postsecondary institutions completed the Spring 2011 ACHA-NCHA II survey. Logistic regression was used to examine the effect of BMI category on receipt of, and interest in receiving, health promotion information. Results: Approximately 32% of respondents were overweight or obese. Students in the obese class III category were the least likely to receive health promotion information and least likely to be interested in receiving the information. Conclusion: Weight status based on BMI classification is a weak predictor of the dissemination of health promotion information. The largest gaps related to the dissemination appear to be among obese students. Future research is needed to determine factors contributing to the observed gaps and strategies should be developed to reach underserved groups.
Association between Total Folate Intakes and Depression amongst Three Racial/Ethnic Groups
Authors: McEligot Archana J. , Cruz Shaina Sta. , Gonzalez Stephen , Pogoda Janice M.
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Low dietary folate intake has been associated with depression outcomes, but few studies have been reported on the association in diverse populations. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the relationship between depression and folate intake from diet and supplementation in non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics and African Americans. Methods: 3,687 adult respondents from the 2009-2010 NHANES cycle were included. Statistical methods for analyzing data from complex survey sample designs were used to assess differences by race/ethnicity in demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables and to assess the relationship between depression and folate, adjusting for confounding variables using multivariable logistic regression. Results: We observed significant (p < 0.01) differences by race/ethnicity for all demographic, behavioral, dietary and depression variables, except for physical activity. The relationship between dietary folate and depression significantly differed by race/ethnicity (p = 0.03), with an inverse and significant association in Hispanics only (OR= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.09 – 0.70.; p for trend = 0.02). Conclusion: These data suggest that a diet high in folate, such as from dark green leafy vegetables, may be associated with a reduced odds for depression, and specifically, Hispanics may benefit from nutrition education to potentially reduce depression in the population.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to Care during the Early Years of Affordable Care Act Implementation in California
Authors: Charles Shana Alex , McEligot Archana J.
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Following the Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance expansions, this study asks: did racial/ethnic group disparities in access to care remain? And specifically, did Latinos experience worse access to care after the ACA expansions compared to other racial/ethnic groups? Methods: Dataset: 2015 California Health Interview Survey (n=21,034; N=29,083,000). Participants: Adults, ages 18 and older, in California. Analyses: Bivariate chi-square tests and logistic multivariate regressions, including stratification by insurance. Results: Bivariate tests showed associations between racial/ethnic group and access to care. Latinos had lowest rates of having a usual source of care among uninsured (49.5%) and job-based coverage (85.2%). One-fifth of uninsured non-Latino whites (21%) report foregoing needed care. In the multivariate models, non-Latino whites had significantly higher odds of having a usual source of care (OR=1.32; p
Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool-Aged Children in San Luis Obispo County, 2006-2014
Authors: Jankovitz Kristine Z. , Ventura Alison K. , Curry Trevor M. , Howarth Victoria B. , Moran Caitlin C. , Mertens Robin M. , Bailey Leland A. , Thompson Kristen , McGaughey Karen
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: National prevalence of overweight and obesity (OW/OB) among children remains high; surveillance of OW/OB at state- and local-levels is needed. This study determines the prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of OW/OB among preschool-age children in San Luis Obispo (SLO) County. Methods: Cross-sectional convenience samples of Head Start, California State, and private preschools were surveyed in 2006 (n=482), 2009/10 (n=559), and 2014 (n=442). At all waves, preschool children aged 3-5 years were measured for height and weight using standardized stadiometer and digital scale protocols. In 2014, parents completed a demographics questionnaire. Results: Children assessed in 2009/10 and 2014 were more likely to be OW/OB than those assessed in 2006 (p=0.016). Unadjusted, bivariate odds ratios illustrated increased risk for OW/OB was associated with Hispanic ethnicity, residing in a lower income household, attending preschool in southern SLO County, and participation in a Head Start preschool. In the adjusted, multivariable model, increased risk for OW/OB was associated with attending preschool in SLO City and participation in a California State or Head Start preschool. Conclusion: OW/OB trends in SLO County are similar to national trends. Programs to continue to monitor and reduce socioeconomic disparity in OW/OB prevalence among young children are needed.
Drunchies Hangover
Authors: Kruger Jessica , Glassman Jennifer , Knippen Kerri Lynn , Glassman Tavis , Kruger Daniel J.
Published: July 2019

Background and Purpose: Alcohol intoxication affects college students' eating patterns. Yet, little is known about dietary habits on the day after heavy alcohol consumption. The purpose of this study was to examine college students’ dietary choices during alcohol consumption and on the following day by gender and level of alcohol consumption (including none). Methods: Ethnically diverse undergraduates (N = 286; 52% male, 48% female, M age = 19, SD age = 1) at a public university in the Midwest completed an anonymous on-line survey. The survey included Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System nutrition items, items on consumption of "empty calorie foods," and open-ended response items on dietary choices that were coded by a nutritionist. Results: Participants reported differences in the likelihoods of consuming non-nutrient dense foods after drinking alcohol both before sleeping and the next day compared to at other times when they were not consuming alcohol. Conclusion: College students are more likely to eat after drinking alcohol and tend to consume less healthy foods. These dietary practices necessitate the need for customized interventions focusing on the dietary influences of alcohol consumption.
TEAM Chapman
Authors: Portis Mary , Sayavong Somai
Published: July 2019

Organizations that wish to impact community health have better participation and outcomes if time is spent doing community building activities. This article showcases several community building activities that helped a low income, culturally diverse community come together to improve their health.
Building Capacity of the Public Health Education Workforce Through Partnerships
Authors: Tomita Mark
Published: July 2019

The Global Health Disparities CD-ROM Project reaffirmed the value of professional associations partnering with academic institutions to build capacity of the USA public health education workforce to meet the challenges of primary prevention services. The Society for Public Health Education (SOPHE) partnered with the California State University, Chico to produce a CD-ROM that would advocate for global populations that are affected by health disparities while providing primary resources for public health educators to use in programming and professional development. The CD-ROM development process is discussed.
Advances In Asthma Care
Authors: Garvey Chris
Published: July 2019

Asthma rates in the US have risen during the past 25 years, as have asthma-related morbidity and healthcare costs. Professional organizations involved in asthma care have identified the need to assure that an advanced level of asthma knowledge and skill is available to patients with asthma, their families, and insurers. This need led to development of the certification for asthma educators. The Certified Asthma Educator (AE-C) must meet specific clinical criteria and pass a standardized examination designed to evaluate knowledge and skill for providing competent asthma education and coordination. The development and current status of the Certified Asthma Educator examination process and content are discussed, as are goals of the certification.
Prevalence and Predictors of Fruit Intake Among Community College Women in the Extended Opportunity Program and Services
Authors: Shive Steve E. , Neyman Michelle R.
Published: July 2019

This study examined fruit intake among 276 female Extended Opportunity Program and Services (EOPS) community college students. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors associated with fruit intake were determined. The attitudes which are potential predictors of daily fruit intake were also examined. Analysis showed that 33% ate fewer than the minimum recommended two daily servings of fruit. Students reported that fruit gave them energy, taste and cost were not barriers to consumption and that it would not be difficult to increase daily fruit consumption. A linear regression analysis revealed that beliefs that eating fruit leads to good health, having a habit of eating fruit, feeling energy, and weight loss accounted for 30% of the variance in fruit intake.
Will Asian Women Call a Telephone Health Information Service?
Authors: Davis Sharon
Published: July 2019

AAPI women have the lowest breast cancer screening rates of all U.S. women. Barriers to screening include access, culture, and language. Previous focus group studies have shown little use of telephone hotlines among Asians. However, this report indicates that media promotions in Cantonese, Mandarin, Vietnamese, and Korean can result in a major increase in calls to a California statewide telephone service. Calls from women speaking Asian languages to the California Breast Cancer Early Detection Program Consumer 800 Number increased from an average of 24 per month to 576 in June 2001 in response to paid newspaper and radio advertisements in Los Angeles, San Diego, and the San Francisco Bay Area.
Planning for Program Diffusion
Authors: Goldman Karen Denard
Published: July 2019

Many programs shown effective in single trials are never adopted or successfully implemented in other sites. While the health education literature does include descriptions of efforts to diffuse research, programs, curricula, and workplace policies and examples of instruments for measuring aspects of the diffusion process, it does not include an overview of program diffusion principles and practices. The purpose of this article is to provide program planners with research and practice based insights into the program diffusion process. After identifying and defining key program diffusion terms, discussing diffusion’s theoretical bases, and arguing for more pro-active program replication among health educators, the author discusses program diffusion options (dissemination and/or replication), presents existing criteria for identifying model programs, puts forward typical reasons why program replication fails, and suggests specific strategies for increasing the likelihood of successful program replication. The paper ends with a call to plan programs with replication in mind.
Outreach to Migrant Farmworkers through a Pesticide Safety Initiative
Authors: Flannery Diana , Portis Mary
Published: July 2019

In order for migrant farmworkers to engage in pesticide safety actions they need to understand the health risks related to pesticide exposure and the steps they can take to reduce and mitigate exposure. Most importantly, beyond education, migrant farmworkers need the products and resources necessary to take pesticide safety action. This article explains how we created a service learning project to provide migrant farmworkers in our area with the supplies they need for a successful pesticide safety program. / Para que sea posible que los trabajadores migrantes de campo tomen precauciones con pesticidas, ellos tienen que entender los riesgos de salud relacionados con la exposición a pesticidas y los pasos que deberían tomar para reducir y mitigar su exposición. Aún más importante que la educación, los trabajadores migrantes de campo necesitan los productos y recursos necesarios para tomar precauciones con pesticidas. Este artículo explica como nosotros creamos un proyecto de aprendizaje, para proveerle a los trabajadores migrantes de campo en nuestra área con las provisiones necesarias para llevar a cabo un exitoso programa de precauciones a la exposición a pesticidas.
Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices Regarding Asthma Care Among Providers and Adult Asthmatics in Imperial County
Authors: Kriner Paula , Bernal Yolanda
Published: July 2019

Asthma is a major cause of morbidity in children and adults. Imperial County has reported among the highest asthma hospitalization rates in the state. Factors such as poverty, access to care, poor selfmanagement skills, and ethnocultural beliefs may influence asthma exacerbations. Provider and adult asthmatic attitudes, beliefs, and practices regarding asthma were examined using a mixed-methods approach: a survey to evaluate provider conformance with national guidelines, and focus groups targeting medical practitioners and adult asthmatics. Half of all providers who treat asthmatics completed a self-administered survey about asthma diagnosis; clinical monitoring of patients; treatment; patient education; and practice guidelines. Provider focus groups further explored survey results. Adult asthmatics participated in Spanishlanguage focus groups exploring cultural beliefs, attitudes, and practices. El asma es la mayor causa de morbilidad entre niños y adultos. El Condado de Imperial ha reportado las tazas más altas de hospitalización a causa de asma en el estado. Factores como la pobreza, acceso a cuidado médico, falta de experiencia sobre como manejar la enfermedad, y creencias étnicas y culturales pueden tener una influencia en las exacerbaciones del asma. Las actitudes, creencias, y prácticas de proveedores de atención médica y adultos concerniente al asma fueron examinadas utilizando varios métodos: una encuesta con el fin de evaluar el nivel de conformidad de los proveedores según las pautas establecidas a nivel nacional, y grupos foco con médicos y adultos con asma. La mitad de los proveedores que proveen atención a asmáticos completaron una encuesta acerca del diagnosis de asma; el monitoreo clínico de los pacientes; administración de tratamiento; educación a los pacientes; y pautas establecidas para proveer atención a pacientes con asma. Los grupos foco con los proveedores exploraron aun más los resultados de las encuestas. Los adultos con asma participaron en grupos foco dirigidos en español para explorar más a fondo las creencias culturales, actitudes y prácticas.
Inter-Professional Education Saturday Seminar
Authors: Ferrini Armeda , Bordin Judy
Published: July 2019

A teaching methodology was developed by a group of faculty from several departments who prepare undergraduate students for careers in health and human services. The three hour experience teaches them to work in interdisciplinary teams to develop case management skills by working on a complex case study. Approximately 260 students, 15 faculty, and 15 local agency representatives were involved in the most recent event.
HEAD (Health Education Across the Disciplines)
Authors: Sbarbaro Victor , Duffy David , Osterland Kurt
Published: July 2019

Health Education Across the Disciplines (HEAD) is an intervention strategy to integrate alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and addiction lessons into disciplines other than health. Follow-up integration activities to Defining Addiction Activity is presented. Two other lesson plan examples of integrating alcohol, tobacco, drugs, and addiction lessons into disciplines other than health are presented.
Trends and Differentials in California Fertility Rates 1970-2000
Authors: Davis Clark A. , Brown J. Joshua
Published: July 2019

In this article we examined fertility trends in the State of California from 1970 to 2000. During this period, the population of California increased 69.0 percent, while the percentage of females in the prime reproductive years (15-44) increased 76.5 percent. The number of live births increased from 362,652 in 1970 to a high of 611,666 in 1990 and stood at 531,285 in 2000. There were significant shifts in agespecific fertility rates during the 30-year period. Live births per 1,000 females declined in age categories 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29 and increased in age categories 30-34, 35-39 and 40-44, suggesting the postponement of child bearing until the later portion of the reproductive cycle. With the exception of 1970 and 1971, total fertility rates were below replacement level fertility through 1986. From 1987 to 2000, they exceeded replacement level fertility, suggesting fertility has returned as a prime factor in the growth of California’s population. With shifting fertility patterns and a diverse racial/ethnic population, the need for education and prenatal care remain as significant policy issues.
Professional Development at NCSOPHE
Authors: Taniguchi George
Published: July 2019

A health educator share his views of chairing a professional development committee in Northern California Chapter, Society for Public Health Education