bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blue finance opportunities for the blue economy
Authors: Graciosa Mariana , Madeira Jorge
Published: April 2022

The basic characteristics and limitations of different types of Blue Finance are analyzed in this paper. Ocean-based productive activities make a fundamental contribution to the global economy. They are an economic pillar of many countries. These activities - fishing, aquaculture, maritime transport, coastal and marine tourism, explora- tion and production of oil and gas, among others – have, however, negative effects on coastal and marine ecosys- tems. Thus, it has become necessary to look through a different focus these economic activities. The Blue Eco- nomy represents this new approach. It contemplates the carrying out of economic activities based upon the oceans in a sustainable way, ensuring economic efficiency, with social inclusion and the maintenance of the health of the coastal and marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, the transi- tion to the Blue Economy requires funding contributions, included into the Blue Finance. Under this perspective, different actions in sectors of the ocean-based economy require investments. They will vary from alternatives pri- marily aimed at environmental and social outcomes to those directed to an environmental performance combi- ned with financial returns. In order to guide the allo- cation of resources under the Blue Finance, a series of principles have been developed to motivate investors to support projects suitable for a Blue Economy perspective. However, there is a limited number of studies evaluating these principles and actual experiments of Blue Finance. This paper contributes to reduce this gap in current kno- wledge, highlighting potentiality and constraints of al- ternatives financial instruments. Our analysis shows that we still have a long journey towards the establishment of a solid Blue Finance arrangement towards a sustainable use of our oceans.
Compatibility and strategic convergence military and environmental approaches towards south atlantic brazilian oceanic islands
Authors: Deccache Vitor , Dantas Wellington
Published: April 2022

Several Marine Protected Areas have been created in the world, in part to fulfill one of the United Nations Convention on Biodiversity goals as to preserve at least 10% of each country’s coastal and marine areas. This study aims at analyzing military presence in the Brazilian oceanic islands of Fernando de Noronha, Trindade & Martin Vaz and São Pedro & São Paulo and how it interacts with the environmental approach, since the three encompass Large Scale Marine Protected Areas. A brief overview about the importance of the islands to Brazilian geopolitical thinkers is shown, as well as the theoretical issues regarding the military presence in preserved environmental areas. Those results are then applied to the three Large Scale Marine Protected Areas’ present situation, with the conclusion pointing to a positive feedback loop, with significant and favorable results on environmental and military approaches, as well as regarding geopolitical goals.
Contribuições econômicas da defesa nacional para a economia do mar uma análise para municípios brasileiros
Authors: de Almeida Erika , Heloisa Cássia , Camoça Alana
Published: April 2022

O oceano e seus recursos são cada vez mais reconhecidos como indispensáveis ​​para enfrentar os diversos desafios do planeta nas próximas décadas. Diante das novas e velhas ameaças que permeiam a segurança nacional e internacional e devido às riquezas presentes no mar, cada vez mais países têm buscado desenvolver os setores ligados às atividades do mar, tais como defesa, recursos e transporte marítimo. Especificamente em relação ao setor de defesa, além de prover segurança, a presença de organizações militares (OOMM) nas cidades costeiras pode gerar efeitos positivos na economia local, criando renda e emprego, sendo estas organizações, portanto, atores importantes para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Assim, este artigo busca verificar se as atividades econômicas relacionadas ao mar impactam no crescimento econômico e se este impacto é afetado pela presença das OOMM. Para tanto, é desenvolvido um debate que inter-relaciona economia do mar, economia de defesa e crescimento econômico, bem como é feita uma análise econométrica para os municípios brasileiros para os anos 2000 e 2010. O artigo conclui que (i) ao mesmo tempo em que as atividades do mar não impactam positivamente o crescimento econômico, (ii) elevações nos gastos realizados pela Marinha amenizam o impacto negativo destas atividades sobre o crescimento.
A convenção das nações unidas sobre direito do mar e o diálogo de cortes na proteção do meio ambiente marinho
Authors: Bergamaschine Jamile , Cobucci Vinicius
Published: April 2022

O estudo analisa o julgamento do caso C15-17 pelo Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, no qual se discute a interpretação da Convenção das Nações Unidas sobre o Direito do Mar. Na aplicação da referida Convenção, o Tribunal adotou critérios mais rigorosos para se permitir a adoção de medidas de proteção ao meio ambiente pelo Estado costeiro com relação a danos ocorridos em sua zona econômica exclusiva. Em uma perspectiva dialética, com base na teoria de diálogo das cortes, defende-se que o tribunal se afastou de conceitos já fixados por outras cortes internacionais, como o Tribunal Internacional do Direito do Mar e a Corte Europeia de Direitos Humanos. Neste sentido, conclui-se que, na contramão das tendências do direito internacional, foram estipulados critérios que dificultam a efetiva proteção ao meio ambiente marinho, pois se exigiu a prova das consequências do dano, em interpretação extensiva da convenção. A metodologia utilizada foi a dedutiva mediante a técnica de estudo de caso e análise bibliográfica e documental.
Sinergia dos setores de petróleo e eólico offshore para desenvolvimento e descarbonização da economia azul no brasil
Authors: de Almedia Denise , Viana Diogo , Simas Marcelo , dos Santos Samuel
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo avalia o papel da energia offshore no Brasil, considerando a significativa participação do setor de óleo e gás na economia brasileira e o elevado potencial eólico, identificando os recursos minerais críticos, os desafios, potencialidades e sinergia entre esses setores, no contexto da transição energética. Como resultados, destaca-se a importância do Brasil fazer investimentos na utilização de terras raras para fabricação de ímãs para energia eólica offshore em conjunto com pesquisa de materiais substitutos, bem como em questões referentes à reutilização destes recursos minerais. Além disso, em relação ao desenvolvimento da cadeia local de fornecedores para potencializar a criação de valor doméstico, sugere-se o aprofundamento da análise das sinergias com o setor de O&G e de eólica onshore, por meio do mapeamento da cadeia de fornecedores, de sua localização geográfica e da sua real competitividade em um contexto global.
A Amazônia azul sob a perspectiva da economia política do mar
Authors: Salgado Bernardo
Published: April 2022

Sob a perspectiva da Economia Política do Mar, a Amazô- nia Azul é compreendida como área de exploração exclu- siva brasileira com a capacidade de gerar riqueza através de um cluster sustentável, principalmente após a conse- cução de políticas públicas e de gestão oriundas do Plane- jamento Espacial Marinho (PEM). Paralelamente, tanto os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) quanto a Década das Nações Unidas da Ciência Oceânica para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável (2021-2030) possibilitam a discussão do gerenciamento oceânico sustentável num âmbito global. A partir de uma metodologia qualitativa baseada em revisão bibliográfica, este artigo possui como hipótese central a visualização de que a Amazônia Azul consistirá numa nova fronteira do desenvolvimento bra- sileiro na Década do Oceano (2021-2030), com o objetivo de investigar as potencialidades econômicas da Amazô- nia Azul.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Rektörlük Kavramına İlişkin Metaforik Algıları
Authors: DEMİRBİLEK Nesip
Published: April 2022

Araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin rektörlük kavramını nasıl kavramsallaştırdıklarını ve algıladıklarını metaforlar aracılığı ile belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomonolojik desen, çalışma grubunun seçilmesinde ise kolay örnekleme (easily accessible) tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada 2020-2021 eğitim-öğretim yılında Muş Alparslan Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören toplam 192 öğrenci yer almıştır. Üniversite öğrencilerine metafor cümlesi online olarak gönderilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde “içerik analizi” tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre üniversite öğrencilerinin ürettiği metaforlar ile oluşturulan kategoriler frekans bakımından; ulaşılmayan ve bilinmeyen (f=61), en üst makam (f=30), kollayan ve koruyan (f=24), yol gösterici ve aydınlatıcı (f=16), faydalı ve değerli (f=15), temel ihtiyaç (f=10), karar ve çözüm merkezi (f=9), faydasız ve güven vermeyen (f=9), sorumluluk (f=6), güven ve huzur vermesi (f=5), öğrenci yanlısı olmayan (f=3), danışılan (f=2) ve çalışkan (f=2) gibi toplam 13 kategori başlığı altında yer aldığı görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda, toplumdaki yüksek güç mesafesinin etkisiyle Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin, rektörlüğe ve rektörlere ulaşmanın mümkün olmadığı algısına sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin algıları ve beklentileri göz önüne alındığında rektörlerin, açık iletişim politikası, paternalist yönetim tarzı, duygusal bir yaklaşım ve öğrenciye daha yakın olan bir yönetim anlayışı ile hareket etmeleri önerilebilir.
A Self-management SMS Text Messaging Intervention for People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Rohde Jacob A , Fisher Edwin B , Boynton Marcella H , Freelon Deen , Frohlich Dennis O , Barnes Edward L , Noar Seth M
Published: April 2022

Background

Mobile health technologies can be useful for providing disease self-management information and support to people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Objective

The aim of this study was to test a self-management SMS text messaging intervention for people with IBD. Our goal was to examine intervention feasibility, acceptability, and engagement and to preliminarily evaluate improvements in certain self-reported health outcomes among participants.

Methods

We developed an SMS text messaging program called Text4IBD. The program sent daily support messages and resources about disease self-management over the course of a 2-week, single-group, pretest-posttest intervention to participants (N=114) diagnosed with IBD. We examined intervention feasibility, acceptability, and engagement through Text4IBD message topic recall and use of resources (ie, visiting supplemental websites recommended by the Text4IBD program). We also assessed pretest-posttest measures of IBD-related distress, self-efficacy, perceived support, use of coping strategies, and medication adherence. Analyses examined participants’ evaluations of the intervention and compared pretest-posttest changes in secondary outcomes using paired-samples statistics.

Results

Approximately all participants who completed the intervention (n=105) were receptive to Text4IBD and viewed the program as feasible and acceptable. In addition, most participants (103/105, 98.1%) recalled at least one of the message topics sent by the program, and 79% (83/105) of them self-reported engaging with at least one of the external self-management resources recommended by the Text4IBD program. Pretest-posttest results showed reduced IBD-related distress (mean 3.33, SD 0.68 vs mean 2.86, SD 0.73; P<.001) and improvements in most other secondary outcomes.

Conclusions

Findings from this study highlight the value of SMS text messaging as a useful digital medium for providing support to people with IBD, particularly to those who may struggle with disease-related distress. Text4IBD was highly feasible and acceptable and may help people self-manage their IBD. Future studies should aim to evaluate this program in a randomized controlled trial in clinical settings.
Understanding the Lived Experiences of Patients With Melanoma: Real-World Evidence Generated Through a European Social Media Listening Analysis
Authors: Chauhan Jyoti , Aasaithambi Sathyaraj , Márquez-Rodas Iván , Formisano Luigi , Papa Sophie , Meyer Nicolas , Forschner Andrea , Faust Guy , Lau Mike , Sagkriotis Alexandros
Published: April 2022

Background

Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive malignancy that is proposed to account for 90% of skin cancer–related mortality. Individuals with melanoma experience both physical and psychological impacts associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Health-related information is being increasingly accessed and shared by stakeholders on social media platforms.

Objective

This study aimed to assess how individuals living with melanoma across 14 European countries use social media to discuss their needs and provide their perceptions of the disease.

Methods

Social media sources including Twitter, forums, and blogs were searched using predefined search strings of keywords relating to melanoma. Manual and automated relevancy approaches filtered the extracted data for content that provided patient-centric insights. This contextualized data was then mined for insightful concepts around the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, impacts, and lived experiences of melanoma.

Results

A total of 182,400 posts related to melanoma were identified between November 2018 and November 2020. Following exclusion of irrelevant posts and using random sampling methodology, 864 posts were identified as relevant to the study objectives. Of the social media channels included, Twitter was the most commonly used, followed by forums and blogs. Most posts originated from the United Kingdom (n=328, 38%) and Spain (n=138, 16%). Of the relevant posts, 62% (n=536) were categorized as originating from individuals with melanoma. The most frequently discussed melanoma-related topics were treatment (436/792, 55%), diagnosis and tests (261/792, 33%), and remission (190/792, 24%). The majority of treatment discussions were about surgery (292/436, 67%), followed by immunotherapy (52/436, 12%). In total, 255 posts discussed the impacts of melanoma, which included emotional burden (n=179, 70%), physical impacts (n=61, 24%), effects on social life (n=43, 17%), and financial impacts (n=10, 4%).

Conclusions

Findings from this study highlight how melanoma stakeholders discuss key concepts associated with the condition on social media, adding to the conceptual model of the patient journey. This social media listening approach is a powerful tool for exploring melanoma stakeholder perspectives, providing insights that can be used to corroborate existing data and inform future studies.
Metastatik Meme Kanseri Hastalarında Salvage Mastektomi
Authors: ZİHNİ İsmail , ERAKIN Mümtaz , BODUR Muhammed Selim , KARACA İsa , ACAR Serdar , ÇELİK Girayhan , SÖZEN İsa , SABUNCUOGLU Mehmet , ÇETİN Recep
Published: April 2022

Amaç: Meme kanseri dünyada en fazla görülen kadın kanseridir. Kanser büyüyebilir, metastaz yapabilir, ciltte ülser veya nekroza neden olabilir. Kemoterapi ile kontrol edilemeyen meme kanserinde kanama, ülserasyon, enfeksiyon durumlarında palyasyon amaçlı “tuvalet mastektomi veya salvage mastektomi” uygulanmaktadır. Uyguladığımız salvage mastektomi olgularını sunarak literatüre katkı sağlamayı amaçladık.Materyal ve Metot: Kliniğimizde Ocak 2010 - Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasındaki salvage mastektomi vakaları değerlendirildi. Olguların demografik verileri, memedeki tutulum şekli, postoperatif patoloji sonuçları, uzak metastaz ve genel sağ kalım durumu incelendi. Bulgular: Belirtilen tarihler arasında 22 adet tuvalet mastektomi olgusu incelendi. 14 olguda cilde ülsere lezyon, 6 tanesinde ciltte ülser olmadan cilt tutulumu tespit edildi. Hastaların hepsine salvage mastektomi uygulandı. 3 hastaya mastektomi sonrası deri grefti uygulandı. Tüm hastalarda cerrahi sınır negatifti. Hospitalizasyon esnasında hiçbir hastada mortalite görülmemiştir. Genel sağkalım 40 ay (min: 35 ay - max: 60 ay) olarak saptandı.Tartışma - Sonuç: Metastatik meme kanserlerinde salvage mastektomi, konfor ve primer tümörün kontrolünde palyatif olarak uygulanan bir yöntemdir. Çalışmalar göstermiştir ki, primer tümörün temiz cerrahi sınırla çıkarılması metastatik meme kanserinde sağkalım avantajı ve artmış hayat kalitesi sağlar. Bu hastalar multidisipliner onkolojik yaklaşımla değerlendirilmeli, cerrahiye uygun hastaların seçimi ve takibi bu ekiple yapılmalıdır.
The Contribution of Community Centers in the Elimination of Socio-Economic Problems of Family
Authors: Bachyncova Giertliova Daniela
Published: April 2022

Community Centers have for marginalized groups, their integration into society, and eliminationof socioeconomic problems its justification. Community Centers are implemented as an institutional facility that provides: primary programs; responsive lectures; discussions aimed at preventing socio-pathological phenomena. Prevention is focused on all target groups and all ages.This is a task that is accomplished through direct contact with specific people in a community who find themselves in an unfavorable social situation. And, right, the center is a place for them where they can turn to people who will try to help them so that they can help themselves. At the same time, the Center is the place of active workforRoma who help people who need this help and also presentation of individual activities of the Center for Majority, to Majority on Minority is very important.
Social Work in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gabura J. , Mojtova M.
Published: April 2022

The coronavirus (aka COVID-19) pandemic has paralyzed the whole world and society as such has found itself in a health, social and economic spiral. We have come to discover how the helping professions – including social work – are undersized, undervalued and marginalized, and yet virtually essential for our survival as a society. This means that there is a growing need for a systemic reform not only in the field of social work, but also in education focused on the helping professions.
Linking COVID-19 with Suicide: Suggestions for Future Research
Authors: Khan N. , Zeeshan M , Naz A.
Published: April 2022

COVID-19 has impacted the world socio-economically. Unemployment, poverty, social stigma, social isolation, domestic violence and mental illnesses are the notable social issues related to COVID-19 pandemic. Framed under a review based approach, the current study searches for the link between COVID-19 pandemic and an increased vulnerability to suicide across the globe. Linking the current situation with researched determinants of suicide shows that COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating various socio-economic and psychological causes of suicide. In near future or even during the pandemic, suicide will be a key challenge for the public health sector across the globe. Besides, future research suggestions are given in light of the discussion in order to provide an impetus to researching the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide.
Participatory Approach in the Work of a Social Worker with Homeless People
Authors: Laca P. , Laca S-
Published: April 2022

The research study is focused on the participatory approach in the work of a social worker with homeless people. The participatory approach emphasizes the involvement of service users in decision-making processes that directly affect them within the service, organization or within society as a whole. This approach is based on the concepts of recovery and empowerment and on the partnership concept of cooperation between the social worker and the service user. The research part deals with the application of this approach in practice, specifically in an organization that works with homeless people.
Life Satisfaction of Holocaust Survivors
Authors: Horackova K. , Moravcova M. , Sevcovivova A. , Ralbovska D.R. , Capska J. , Trnkova L. , Andrasciova L. , Olah M.
Published: April 2022

Objective: Find out the impact of the Holocaust trauma on life satisfaction of alive Czech survivors, and to compare it with a control group of respondents.                                                       Design: Prospective study                                                       Participants: The total number of respondents in the study was 130. The exposed group consisted of 65 Czech Holocaust survivors (average age 88.5 years), control group of 65 Czech seniors (average age 88 years).  Methods: The article presents a quantitative research assessing the life satisfaction of survivors using the standardized Life Satisfaction Questionnaire by Fahrenberg et al. (1986) on a main group, and compares it with a control group. A nonparametric test for two selections (Mann – Whitney) at a significance level of 0.05 was used to test the hypotheses.                                                       Results: In spite of wide spectrum of the Holocaust effects, the exposed group shows higher or the same satisfactionin the most of the monitored areas compared to the control group (Health Me 4 vs. 3, p – 0.000; Workand employment Me 6 vs. 5, p – 0.000; Financial situation Me 6 vs. 4, p – 0.000; Leisure time Me 4 vs. 4, p – 0.002; Marriage and partnership Me 2 vs. 0, p – 0.284; Own self Me 4 vs. 3, p – 0.000; Sexuality Me 3 vs. 3, p – 0.879; Friends and acquaintances Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.002; Housing Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.000; Overall life satisfaction Me 5 vs. 4, p – 0.001). On the contrary, they are less satisfied in the area Children (Me 4 vs. 5, p – 0.016).                                                        Conclusions: The research displays integration of hardiness and vulnerability, lust for life and the ability of man to live and survive in extreme conditions and still feel a joy of life.
The issue of homeless young people
Authors: Pavelkova J. , Schavel M. , Skodova M.
Published: April 2022

This paper is devoted to the issue of homeless young people. At present, homelessness is a global problem with an increasing number of young people, who got on the street for various reasons. Homelessness itself can be understood as a complex generalized social failure of an individual. It is a social category of people who are clearly poor, living on the margins of society and characterized by their specific way of life, which puts them on the margins of society on the basis of their inability to participate in the quality of life and disrespect for the requirements of the majority society. The aim of the article is to present issues related to the phenomenon of homeless young people and understand the reasons and causes of their social degradation which led to their unfavorable social situation. Only appropriately applied social work can stop or reduce the number of young people living on the streets, and help them successfully reintegrate into the majority society.
Urinary Incontinence as a Significant Health and Social Problem of Women
Authors: Popovicova M. , Babecka J. , Olah M.
Published: April 2022

The issue of urinary incontinence is the most commonly discussedissue in the field of urology and urological nursing. It occurs all over the world. 45% of the population suffers from it. An average time from the onset of the first symptomsuntil the visit to the doctor's is 3 years.It occurs at any age, regardless of gender, still women suffer from it more often and the prevalence of affected female-patients increases with age. However, at present, as an exception that proves the rule, we are increasingly often encountering this problem in younger people. This disease affects every area of patients´ lives. Social, professional and private life are all being subordinated to this issue, which significantly affects the comfort and quality of life
The Nature of the Misinformation before and during Covid 19 (case study of Slovakia)
Authors: Tkacova H.
Published: April 2022

This article presents an outline of theoretical background followed by a presentation of our own research which aims to identify the most common misinformation in the period before the pandemic and in the period of the so-called first and second wave of Covid 19 in Slovakia. The research method was a qualitative content analysis of the most read conspiracy web portals in the period before the pandemic, and separately also during the pandemic. The result of the research is the identification of key topics that determined the character of the most watched conspiracy media in Slovakia in the two monitored periods. The article points to a negative phenomenon which, in our opinion, is "lost" in heated discussions about fears of the presence of misinformation in public space. It is a fact that during Covid 19, the time spent in the Internet environment increased radically, especially in the group of today's young people. The study expresses concern that extending the time of young people on the Internet has exacerbated new forms of pitfalls that can make a significant contribution to making the younger group an even more vulnerable group as a result of the increase in online misinformation.
Stigmatization by Nurses towards Mentally Ill People
Authors: Fertalova T. , Ondriova I. , Hadasova L.
Published: April 2022

Background:People with mental illness face two major problems at the same time. The first is the disease itself which they must learn to live with and to manage all its symptoms. The second, often more serious problem, is the presence of stereotypes and prejudices which are the result of insufficient knowledge about mental illnesses and their misunderstanding. The aim was to explore the current state of stigmatization by nurses towards mentally ill people. Methods: In this quantitative exploratory research we used an existing questionnaire (the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers) with randomly selected nurses who treat mentally ill patients. Results:A significant difference in the degree of stigmatization with respect to the age of the nurses was not found. However,in terms of the overall assessment, specifically in the domain of attitudes, the rate of stigmatization was higher among younger respondents. Nurses with shorter professional experience proved a lower degree of stigmatization than nurses with longer professional experience. Conclusion: It is expected that the rate of mental illnesses will increase. Therefore, we recommend continuing to pay increased attention to destigmatization within the education of and developing more destigmatizing initiatives among nurses.
Influence of Oncological Disease on Patientęs Life Quality
Authors: Bakos M. , Jankovic T. , Krcmery V. , Vidiscak M. , Durdik S.
Published: April 2022

At present, despite of many prevention programs, the incidence of cancer still increases in Slovakia. Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer diseases. The number of new diagnostic patients has increased tangentially. This is the reason, why we have decided to find out about women with this diagnosis and their psychosocial problems after surgery. General healthcare about women with cancer disease contains therapeutic, preventive, and nursing care. It is necessary to focus our attention also on social relationships and quality of life during and after surgery. In the treatment of these women, it is important to know that their psychical reactions depend on: premorbid personality; level of education; social relationship; value orientation; previous experiences with medical stuff; information about their diseases. Psychological support of women is important in every phases of diseases. Postoperative phase is the most important, because this is the moment when women lost their expression of femininity and the physicians and nurses are the first who can help them. Emphasis put on satisfaction of psychological and social needs help women in their treatment process and aims to mitigate more quickly with this change and fight with disease.
The Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in the Roma in Western Slovak
Authors: Valachovicova M. , Slezakova Z. , Kristova J. , Padysakova H.
Published: April 2022

Introduction and aim: Nutritional studies point to the importance of the quality of food consumed in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease before the total amount of food consumed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk of Roma in western Slovakia on the basis of selected markers. Materials and methodology: In our study, we determined the following parameters: total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, homocysteine, vitamin B9 and vitamin B12 in 320 probands aged 20-60 years. Results and discussion: In the Roma population, we found a significant decrease in vitamin B9 and a significant increase in vitamin B12 compared to the majority population. Conclusion: The Roma population consumes little fruit and vegetables, which was confirmed by low concentrations offolic acid. Based on the findings, more effective education in the field of diet and eating habits should be developed which would be used in primary prevention in the Roma population.
Health Care for Refugees and Asylum Seekers in the Setting of Refugee Camps at Europe’s Entry Points
Authors: Jackulikova M. , Olah M. , Muirhead Leslie K. , Janovicova L. , Tsakiroglou E. , Ioannou A. , Krcmery V. , Drgova J. , Dirgova E.
Published: April 2022

St. Elizabeth University, Bratislava, and its Tropic team has had an active participation in refugee and migrant humanitarian aid since 2015. In the beginning, it was mainly providing health care in the border areas of Hungary, Serbia, and Slovenia, which represented transit points on the route to Western European final destinations. The uncontrolled influx of fleeing people (mainly Syrians at that time) was stopped in March 2016. The diplomatic EU-Turkey deal and subsequent closure of Balkan borders resulted in an extensive humanitarian catastrophe when thousands ended up stranded in Greece. Since then, the members of St. Elizabeth’s Tropic team operate in affected Greek areas. At first, the University had its presence in the northern part of mainland Greece, which later moved to Lesbos Island. Cooperating closely with the Greek Ministry of Health as well as with multiple non-governmental non-profit organizations registered in Greece. The Topic team focuses on refugee health care inside as well as outside the Greek refugee camps.
Utilizing COVID-19 Vaccine Diplomacy
Authors: Costello Michael M.
Published: April 2022

Vaccine diplomacy has become a significant consideration in the global effort to distribute Covid-19 vaccines from wealthier developed nations to poorer developing countries. Based upon a review of the secondary source literature, it appears that while vaccine diplomacy is expected to result in an increase in the quantities available for export, some pragmatic considerations may impede the effort to transport and administer the vaccine in less developed countries.
Entre a Lei e a Ciência: eugenia, nacionalidade e imigração em Julio de Revorêdo
Authors: De Carvalho Leonardo Dallacqua
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a singularidade do pensamento de Julio de Revorêdo na obra Immigração, publicada em 1934, acerca do debate de imigração ocorrido na década de 1930. Buscaremos mostrar como este autor engendra uma explicação particular em defesa da imigração japonesa, distanciando dos aspectos raciais que a negavam como “imigrante ideal”. Sobretudo, preenchendo os anseios de um projeto de nação almejado nos debates políticos. Destaca-se o diálogo de Revorêdo com intelectuais do período, conceitos biológicos e sua tese de como o imigrante japonês, negado por muitos, seria o preterido para a identidade nacional, especialmente nos quesitos de assimilação, agricultura e trabalho nacional.
Militancia en Brasil y Argentina: reflexiones a partir de la observación participante en actos y reuniones de las organizaciones oficialistas en los gobiernos de Dilma Rousseff e Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
Authors: Rivarola Dolores Rocca
Published: April 2022

A partir de registros de campo de la observación participante desarrollada en seis eventos políticos convocados por distintas organizaciones oficialistas en Argentina y Brasil — en cuatro distritos: Río de Janeiro, San Pablo, la ciudad de Buenos Aires y el conurbano bonaerense (especialmente La Matanza) — entre 2013 y 2014, este artículo examina prácticas, conductas y el desarrollo de la militancia política desde una perspectiva comparativa y cualitativa. En primer lugar, se argumenta la pertinencia del estudio de la militancia política en los escenarios presentes de identidades políticas y alineamientos fluctuantes en ambos países. En segundo lugar, se provee una descripción y análisis de cada uno de los seis eventos, prestando particular atención a elementos como la disposición de la escena (iconografía, escenario, acceso), los diferentes actores presentes y el modo de desenvolvimiento del acto, el tipo de apelaciones que aparecían en las intervenciones de los oradores, y las diferentes audiencias simultáneas. En tercer y último lugar, se formula una serie de argumentos generales y comparativos acerca de las características y fenómenos identificados en los distintos eventos, los cuales pueden ser contemplados en tanto espacios y momentos de desarrollo de la militancia política y de construcción de vínculos
Politics, Institutions and Social Struggles: Beyond Pure Normativism and Strong Institutionalism in Political Theory
Authors: Danner Leno Francisco
Published: April 2022

In this article, I criticize the tendency in contemporary philosophical-political theory to affirm both pure normativism and strong institutionalism as the heart of democracy, denying a political core not only to social classes, but also to social struggles, which define the main social, cultural and political dynamics, institutionalized and non-institutionalized. The association between pure normativism and strong institutionalism leads, on the one hand, to the separation and opposition between normative foundations and social classes and social struggles, as well as, on the other hand, to the institutional monopolization both of political legitimation and social evolution, because institutions exclusively assume the guard, the legitimation and the public boosting of social normativism. Pure normativism and strong institutionalism, in other words, reduce politics to institutional and systemic politics, as they reduce political subjects to institutional legal staffs, as political parties and technical elites, attributing a peripheral role to social classes and social struggles, a peripheral role also to the politicity of social and institutional life. I argue that this harmful tendency of many philosophical-political theories, fundamentally in the spectrum of liberalism and social democracy, which suffer from a historical-sociological blindness, must be substituted with the affirmation of the centrality of social classes as the real political subjects of social evolution, as well as of the centrality of social struggles as the political-normative basis to the definition of institutional designs, social evolution and economic structures
A crise de 2001 e a política externa argentina
Authors: Santoro Maurício
Published: April 2022

Este artigo discute a crise de 2001 na Argentina e avalia as consequências para sua política externa, analisando os dados sobre a economia e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo país. O texto examina os impactos das turbulências financeiras globais, a deterioração do comércio com o Brasil e a falta de interesse dos Estados Unidos. Conclui que a crise levou ao declínio do modelo do “realismo periférico”, baseado no alinhamento com Washington e estimulou a busca de um novo paradigma diplomático.
Análisis gramsciano del juicio político de Fernando Lugo (2012)
Authors: Bourscheid Junior Ivan
Published: April 2022

El artículo se propone a realizar un estudio de caso del proceso de juicio político de Fernando Lugo, ocurrido en 2012, que ocasionó su deposición del puesto de Presidente de la República del Paraguay. Por medio del aporte analítico-conceptual gramsciano, listamos 15 tópicos de análisis que nos permitirán comprender los fenómenos estructurales y coyunturales que influenciaron en el proceso estudiado, bien como lograremos presentar y debatir los efectos del proceso de juicio político para la estructura histórica paraguaya y para su régimen político, la democracia. Concebimos el proceso como una crisis de liderazgo en el interior del bloque histórico, engendrando efectos coyunturales y siendo solucionado con la reacomodación de fuerzas, factores conseguidos con la deposición de Lugo por medio de mecanismos jurídico-institucionales. El principal efecto del proceso fue la precarización institucional que fomenta la insatisfacción con el régimen y puede fomentar nuevas crisis políticas.
Prisões comportam-se como jaulas
Authors: Alves Tamires Maria
Published: April 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é apontar os problemas a respeito do sistema penitenciário, sobretudo o brasileiro, ao deter o poder como violência. A prisão trata-se de uma instituição política que fere os próprios preceitos legais para manter-se em funcionamento, porque produz um ambiente illegal, no qual sevícias, corrupção e torturas são toleradas. Com isso, infringe de antemão seus próprios pressupostos e objetivos, entregando para a sociedade resultados distintos aos que promete. Esse estudo versa sobre o cenário do hiperencarceramento brasileiro e procura fomentar a discussão de que manter tantos sujeitos presos trata-se de uma escolha política punitiva cabendo, portanto ser modificada. As celas brasileiras são percebidas como jaulas que neutralizam os sujeitos identificados como inimigos da sociedade. O trabalho também fomenta a discussão sobre construir possibilidades que murchem o desempenho dos cárceres e incitem a projeção de alternativas reais para se trabalhar com os conflitos, que não unicamente punitivas e penais.
Editorial
Authors: Editores Os
Published: April 2022

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El instituto de la remisión como respuesta estatal alternativa a la sanción penal. A diez años de su implementación en el Régimen Procesal Penal Juvenil de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.
Authors: Fava Gabriel Carlos , Lópe Gonzalo Andrés
Published: April 2022

El instituto de la remisión significa respuesta estatal alternativa a la sanción penal, respetuosa del principio de última ratio, que se traduce en la excepcionalidad, subsidiariedad, mínima intervención y desjudicialización imperantes en el sistema penal juvenil. En el ámbito de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, se encuentra legislado, junto con otros mecanismos, en el Régimen Procesal Penal Juvenil desde el año 2007, como manifestación de una política criminal concreta de parte de los legisladores para crear una política de estado alternativa a la mera sanción. Su aplicación en la práctica se vincula estrechamente con una perspectiva de protección integral por fuera del proceso penal.
A Formação do Estado Brasileiro e a Questão da Soberania em Período de Crise (1822-1824)
Authors: Lira Erygeanny , Araújo Cícero
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho analisa como o conceito de soberania foi mobilizado no Brasil, entre os anos de 1822 e 1824. O ponto de partida teórico do presente artigo consiste na afirmação de que pensar a política e as transformações políticas, na modernidade, passa pela necessidade de assegurar um princípio de soberania. Para isso, inicialmente, o ensaio aborda a metamorfose que ocorreu na noção de soberania, nos primeiros anos da década de 1820. Em seguida, estuda os discursos em torno do conceito de soberania nacional, no contexto da Independência, da Assembleia Constituinte de 1823 e da Carta Outorgada de 1824. Por fim, examina os usos do conceito em relação ao problema da limitação do poder popular. A partir desse percurso, entende-se ser possível compreender o valor operatório da noção de soberania na formação do Estado brasileiro.
As políticas públicas e a transformação institucional: entre os arranjos redistributivos marginais e a policy transformadora
Authors: Biasol Felipe Iraldo de Oliveira
Published: April 2022

O artigo debate o tema da mudança institucional nas políticas públicas, a partir do Modelo dos Fluxos Múltiplos de John Kingdon, sob a ótica do Experimentalismo Institucional de Roberto Mangabeira Unger. A hipótese do artigo é a de que a Ciência Política hegemônica, da qual Kingdon é um expoente, se utiliza da noção de crise e de períodos de instabilidade para explicar o momento da mudança institucional. Unger, ao valorizar o aprofundamento da democracia e a revisão contínua das instituições, discorda da abordagem anterior e propõe outro caminho: convida a transformar a organização das instituições na direção do aquecimento da política. Conclui-se que a abordagem adotada por Kingdon, ao mascarar os conflitos de poder presentes na sociedade, por meio de democracia de baixa energia, proporciona não só dificuldades teóricas, mas também turva a visão para a interpretação e superação de problemas práticos em sociedades desiguais como a brasileira. O método empregado focalizou-se na leitura e análise crítica das principais obras de ambos os autores, além de comentadores.
Justiça Social e Instituições:a visão de Unger comparada ao Liberalismo Igualitário e à Teoria Crítica
Authors: Amato Lucas Fucci
Published: April 2022

Este artigo pretende apresentar e discutir a teoria social e política de Roberto Mangabeira Unger como alternativa às duas correntes dominantes de teorias da justiça: o liberalismo igualitário de Rawls e a teoria crítica, representada por autores como Habermas e Honneth. O texto é desenhado em três momentos. Primeiramente, busca comparar como cada teoria constrói sua concepção de normatividade, seu caráter “ideal” ou “programático”. A seguir, situa particularmente o “superliberalismo” de Unger. Finalmente, discute como as diferentes correntes de teoria normativa aplicam-se à análise e proposição de instituições.
Periferia e marcha dos direitos – os casos de Brasil, Argentina e Chile
Authors: Silva Ivan Henrique de Mattos e
Published: April 2022

Este texto possui como objetivo a realização de uma reflexão comparada acerca dos processos de consolidação dos direitos e da cidadania, no Brasil, na Argentina e no Chile, desde sua conformação enquanto Estado-nação até os respectivos processos de redemocratização, ao final do século XX. Para tanto, será implementado um debate entre os trabalhos que se debruçaram sobre o tema, nos países em questão, em consonância com a reconstrução histórica desse processo. Adota-se aqui a hipótese de José Murilo de Carvalho, segundo a qual o modo de constituição dos Estados condiciona a própria construção da cidadania, de modo que, dada a importância assumida pela centralização política e o rechaço ao liberalismo, na construção do Estado brasileiro, o avanço dos direitos sociais, por aqui, coincidiu com os períodos de fechamento de regime, enquanto, na Argentina e no Chile (em maior ou menor grau), os períodos de fechamento de regime são coetâneos a retrocessos nos direitos sociais.
Religion as a Communicative System: the reasonableness of religious contents in the public sphere
Authors: Carvalho Tarcísio Amorim
Published: April 2022

Recently, Jürgen Habermas has dedicated many of his works to the discussion of the relationship between religion and the public sphere, in light of democratic possibilities of mutual learning. He contends that even though religious contents can inspire motions of solidarity, constitutional and legal arrangements should reflect universal, secular reasons only. Drawing on the sociology of religion, I will demonstrate that religious narratives contribute to shape moral views and self-perceptions, impacting on the ways societies define political norms. Assessing the flaws of deontological theories, I resort to an Aristotelian view of democratic justice, whereby historical traditions and religious narratives come to inform the contents of evaluative moral discourses. Analyzing the case of South Africa, where communitarian notions of forgiveness prevailed over retributive justice, I argue that principles of public morality stem from contextual struggles, negotiations and exchange of aesthetic-cognitive meanings. With this in mind, I finalize with a formulation of the concept of religion as a communicative system, affirming the capacity of religious traditions to impart reasons that can be generally accessed and apprehended by participants in historical processes of learning.
Liberdade, o único caminho possível
Authors: Alves Tamires Maria
Published: April 2022

O romancista Victor Hugo fora figura célebre do século XIX, por aventar, na maioria de suas obras, temas voltados para os direitos humanos e, principalmente, para a abolição da pena de morte. Passou grande parte da sua vida dedicado a essas matérias, de maneira que, além de escrever uma série de livros que tinham a abordagem dessa temática como pano de fundo, como ativista político, também atuava em prol dessas causas. O livro O último dia de um condenado não foge a essas aspirações do autor. Victor Hugo critica, para além da pena de morte, o uso do cadafalso e da guilhotina, cultuados tanto pela aristocracia quanto, posteriormente à Revolução Francesa, pelos jacobinos. O autor fez uso de sua obra e seu prestígio, como portfólio contra os autoritarismos e a discricionariedade racial, étnica e social, atuante no seu tempo e que se mantém em voga, na atualidade.
Characterization of tidally accumulated plastic waste and its effect on seedling growth in sand-filled mangrove forest at Eagle Island, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Numbere Aroloye O. , Aigberua Ayobami
Published: April 2022

Plastic pollution has become a global problem with the proliferation
many plastic goods. This study thus hypothesized that accumulated
plastic waste will have adverse effect on mangrove growth. The study was
carried out at a sand-filled and deforested mangrove forest at Eagle
Island. Ten soils samples each (n =20) were collected underneath
accumulated plastic waste vertically and horizontally. The soils were
put in polythene bags and sent to the laboratory for analysis of total
hydrocarbon content (THC), and heavy metals i.e., Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb)
and Cadmium (Cd) using the HACH DR 890 colorimeter (wavelength 420 nm)
and microwave accelerated reaction system (MARS Xpress, North Carolina)
respectively. In addition, mangrove (Rhizophora species) seedlings were
also collected with soils from the plastic waste and non-plastic waste
sites (control). The result shows that there is no significant
difference in heavy metal concentration along the profile i.e., surface,
and sub-surface soils (F1, 30 = 1.83, P = 0.186), and soil gradients
(F3, 28 = 0.60, P = 0.619) of the soil. In contrast, there is
significant difference in seedling growth between the control and
plastic soils (F4, 200 , 65.24, P<0.001). Furthermore,
microbial population showed significant difference horizontally (F3, 11
= 3.86, P = 0.04) but not vertically (F1, 11 = 4.60, P = 0.055) in
plastic soil. This result implies that plastic pollutants can migrate
horizontally to contaminate nearby mangroves. Thus, plastic waste should
be managed to prevent pollutants from entering the food chain to
contaminate humans.