bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical Fitness and Blood Glucose Influence Performance in IndyCar Racing
Authors: Ferguson David P. , Myers Nicholas D.
Published: September 2018

Ferguson, DP and Myers, ND. Physical fitness and blood glucose influence performance in IndyCar racing. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3193–3206, 2018—Charlie Kimball (CK) is an elite-level IndyCar driver who has type 1 diabetes. Since CK became a full-time competitor, there has been exponential growth in the number of racing drivers competing with type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to present a case report of data collected on CK over 6 years, to better inform strength and conditioning coaches on how to prepare racing drivers with type 1 diabetes for competition. We hypothesized that the physical requirements to pilot the race car would include an elevated aerobic and glycolytic capacity and that blood glucose would influence key driving parameters (vertical gravitational force [Gz] tolerance and reaction time/response accuracy) related to success (finishing position). Physical fitness was evaluated with a V̇o
2max test, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry body composition analysis, Wingate power test, and a lower-body negative pressure test for vertical Gz tolerance. To test the role of fitness and blood glucose on driving performance, heart rate (HR), breath rate (BR), and skin temperature (ST) were evaluated during practice racing sessions using the Equivital Life Monitor. Blood glucose was monitored in 47 races using a continuous glucose monitor. Driving a race car resulted in increased HR, BR, and ST. The driver's body composition, skeletal muscle power output, and aerobic capacity values were in the 10th percentile of the average population. A blood glucose range of 100–168 mg·dl−1 was identified as optimal for driving performance for the case study participant because it improved reaction time/response accuracy and Gz tolerance.
Implicit Memory for Complex Sounds in Higher Auditory Cortex of the Ferret
Authors: Lu Kai , Liu Wanyi , Zan Peng , David Stephen V. , Fritz Jonathan B. , Shamma Shihab A.
Published: September 2018

Responses of auditory cortical neurons encode sound features of incoming acoustic stimuli and also are shaped by stimulus context and history. Previous studies of mammalian auditory cortex have reported a variable time course for such contextual effects ranging from milliseconds to minutes. However, in secondary auditory forebrain areas of songbirds, long-term stimulus-specific neuronal habituation to acoustic stimuli can persist for much longer periods of time, ranging from hours to days. Such long-term habituation in the songbird is a form of long-term auditory memory that requires gene expression. Although such long-term habituation has been demonstrated in avian auditory forebrain, this phenomenon has not previously been described in the mammalian auditory system. Utilizing a similar version of the avian habituation paradigm, we explored whether such long-term effects of stimulus history also occur in auditory cortex of a mammalian auditory generalist, the ferret. Following repetitive presentation of novel complex sounds, we observed significant response habituation in secondary auditory cortex, but not in primary auditory cortex. This long-term habituation appeared to be independent for each novel stimulus and often lasted for at least 20 min. These effects could not be explained by simple neuronal fatigue in the auditory pathway, because time-reversed sounds induced undiminished responses similar to those elicited by completely novel sounds. A parallel set of pupillometric response measurements in the ferret revealed long-term habituation effects similar to observed long-term neural habituation, supporting the hypothesis that habituation to passively presented stimuli is correlated with implicit learning and long-term recognition of familiar sounds.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLong-term habituation in higher areas of songbird auditory forebrain is associated with gene expression and is correlated with recognition memory. Similar long-term auditory habituation in mammals has not been previously described. We studied such habituation in single neurons in the auditory cortex of awake ferrets that were passively listening to repeated presentations of various complex sounds. Responses exhibited long-lasting habituation (at least 20 min) in the secondary, but not primary auditory cortex. Habituation ceased when stimuli were played backward, despite having identical spectral content to the original sound. This long-term neural habituation correlated with similar habituation of ferret pupillary responses to repeated presentations of the same stimuli, suggesting that stimulus habituation is retained as a long-term behavioral memory.
Impaired Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis Leads to Neurodegeneration in Mice
Authors: Nair Remya R. , Koivisto Henna , Jokivarsi Kimmo , Miinalainen Ilkka J. , Autio Kaija J. , Manninen Aki , Poutiainen Pekka , Tanila Heikki , Hiltunen J. Kalervo , Kastaniotis Alexander J.
Published: September 2018

There has been a growing interest toward mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) since the recent discovery of a neurodegenerative human disorder termed MEPAN (mitochondrial enoyl reductase protein associated neurodegeneration), which is caused by mutations in the mitochondrial enoyl-CoA/ACP (acyl carrier protein) reductase (MECR) carrying out the last step of mtFAS. We show here that MECR protein is highly expressed in mouse Purkinje cells (PCs). To elucidate mtFAS function in neural tissue, here, we generated a mouse line with a PC-specific knock-out (KO) ofMecr, leading to inactivation of mtFAS confined to this cell type. Both sexes were studied. The mitochondria in KO PCs displayed abnormal morphology, loss of protein lipoylation, and reduced respiratory chain enzymatic activities by the time these mice were 6 months of age, followed by nearly complete loss of PCs by 9 months of age. These animals exhibited balancing difficulties ∼7 months of age and ataxic symptoms were evident from 8–9 months of age on. Our data show that impairment of mtFAS results in functional and ultrastructural changes in mitochondria followed by death of PCs, mimicking aspects of the clinical phenotype. This KO mouse represents a new model for impaired mitochondrial lipid metabolism and cerebellar ataxia with a distinct and well trackable cellular phenotype. This mouse model will allow the future investigation of the feasibility of metabolite supplementation approaches toward the prevention of neurodegeneration due to dysfunctional mtFAS.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe have recently reported a novel neurodegenerative disorder in humans termed MEPAN (mitochondrial enoyl reductase protein associated neurodegeneration) (Heimer et al., 2016). The cause of neuron degeneration in MEPAN patients is the dysfunction of the highly conserved mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) pathway due to mutations in MECR, encoding mitochondrial 2-enoyl-CoA/ACP reductase. The report presented here describes the analysis of the first mouse model suffering from mtFAS-defect-induced neurodegenerative changes due to specific disruption of theMecrgene in Purkinje cells. Our work sheds a light on the mechanisms of neurodegeneration caused by mtFAS deficiency and provides a test bed for future treatment approaches.
Regulation of adipose tissue inflammation by adenosine 2A receptor in obese mice
Authors: Pei Ya , Li Honggui , Cai Yuli , Zhou Jing , Luo Xianjun , Ma Linqiang , McDaniel Kelly , Zeng Tianshu , Chen Yanming , Qian Xiaoxian , Huo Yuqing , Glaser Shannon , Meng Fanyin , Alpini Gianfranco , Chen Lulu , Wu Chaodong
Published: September 2018

Adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, the role of A2AR in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation remains to be elucidated. The present study examined the expression of A2AR in adipose tissue of mice with diet-induced obesity and determined the effect of A2AR disruption on the status of obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. WT C57BL/6J mice and A2AR-disrupted mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity and adipose tissue inflammation. In vitro, bone marrow-derived macrophages from A2AR-disrupted mice and WT control mice were treated with palmitate and examined for macrophage proinflammatory activation. Compared with that of low-fat diet (LFD)-fed WT mice, A2AR expression in adipose tissue of HFD-fed WT mice was increased significantly and was present predominantly in adipose tissue macrophages. The increase in adipose tissue A2AR expression in HFD-fed mice was accompanied with increased phosphorylation states of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 p46 and nuclear factor kappa B p65 and mRNA levels of interleukin (Il)-1beta, Il6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha. In A2AR-disrupted mice, HFD feeding induced significant increases in adipose tissue inflammation, indicated by enhanced proinflammatory signaling and increased proinflammatory cytokine expression, and adipose tissue insulin resistance, indicated by a decrease in insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation relative to those in WT mice. Lastly, A2AR disruption enhanced palmitate-induced macrophage proinflammatory activation. Taken together, these results suggest that A2AR plays a protective role in obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation, which is attributable to, in large part, A2AR suppression of macrophage proinflammatory activation.
Endothelial cell mineralocorticoid receptors oppose VEGF-induced gene expression and angiogenesis
Authors: Lother Achim , Deng Lisa , Huck Michael , Fürst David , Kowalski Jessica , Esser Jennifer S , Moser Martin , Bode Christoph , Hein Lutz
Published: September 2018

Aldosterone is a key factor in adverse cardiovascular remodeling by acting on the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in different cell types. Endothelial MR activation mediates hypertrophy, inflammation and fibrosis. Cardiovascular remodeling is often accompanied by impaired angiogenesis, which is a risk factor for the development of heart failure. In this study, we evaluated the impact of MR in endothelial cells on angiogenesis. Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-induced hypertension was associated with capillary rarefaction in the heart of WT mice but not of mice with cell type-specific MR deletion in endothelial cells. Consistently, endothelial MR deletion prevented the inhibitory effect of aldosterone on the capillarization of subcutaneously implanted silicon tubes and on capillary sprouting from aortic ring segments. We examined MR-dependent gene expression in cultured endothelial cells by RNA-seq and identified a cluster of differentially regulated genes related to angiogenesis. We found opposing effects on gene expression when comparing activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor in ECs to treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent activator of angiogenesis. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that activation of endothelial cell MR impaired angiogenic capacity and lead to capillary rarefaction in a mouse model of MR-driven hypertension. MR activation opposed VEGF-induced gene expression leading to the dysregulation of angiogenesis-related gene networks in endothelial cells. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of endothelial cell MR in the pathophysiology of hypertension and related heart disease.
ESTROGEN-REGULATED miRNA-27b IS ALTERED BY BISPHENOL A IN ENDOMETRIAL STROMAL CELLS
Authors: Reed Beverly G , Babayev Samir N , Chen Lucy X , Carr Bruce R , Word Ruth A , Jimenez Patricia T
Published: September 2018

MicroRNAs (miRs) are small molecules important for regulation of transcription and translation. The objective was to identify hormonally-regulated miRs in human endometrial stromal cells and to determine the impact of the endocrine disruptor, bisphenol A (BPA), on those miRs. miR microarray analysis and multiple confirmatory cell preparations treated with 17β-estradiol (E2) and BPA altered miR-27b, let-7c, let-7e, and miR-181b. Further, decidualization downregulated miR-27b. VEGFB and VEGFC were validated as targets of miR-27b. Identification of miR-27b target genes suggests that BPA and E2 downregulate miR-27b thereby leading to upregulation of genes important for vascularization and angiogenesis of the endometrium during the menstrual cycle and decidualization.
Thoracoscopy Assisted Minimally Surgery (NUSS procedure) for Pectus Excavatum vs. Novel Modified NUSS procedure - A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Meng Lifei , Wang Mingsong
Published: September 2018

Objective: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the efficacy of thoracoscopy assisted minimally surgery (NUSS procedure) for pectus excavatum and novel modified NUSS procedure by comparing the data of patients of pectus excavatum who had undergone novel modified NUSS Procedure or NUSS procedure.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed, involving 132 cases of patients with pectus excavatum collected from Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Xinhua Hospital cardio-thoracic surgery between Jan. 2009 and Jan. 2012. The 132 patients were strictly divided into two groups: Group A included 76 cases that underwent a novel modified NUSS procedure; Group B included 56 cases that underwent NUSS procedure. Compared data included gender, age, operative time, blood loss, postoperative hospital staying and clinical variables and demographic were compared with univariable analysis.

Results: No statistically significant correlations were observed in the two groups, such as age (12.67±4.793 years vs. 12.20± 6.423 years), sex, and other clinical data (P > 0.05). In Group A, postoperative hospitalization time (3.95±0.487 days vs. 6.07±1.412 days), operation time (46.28±12.218 minutes vs. 72.23±24.270 minutes), and blood loss (7.37±4.863 ml vs. 16.93±14.002 ml) were significantly better than those in Group B (P < 0.05), shortening hospitalization time, reducing costs, meaning statistically significant differences. There was no recurrence in Group A and Group B after operation.

Conclusion: The study demonstrated that novel modified NUSS procedure is less invasive, having rapid recovery, shortening the time of hospital stay, and reducing hospital cost. Thus, it is safe, worth promoting, and is widely being used.
Evaluation of UHRF1 and P16INK4A expression levels in newly diagnosed AML patients
Authors: Amiri Vahid , Mohammadi Mohamadhossein , Farsani Mohammad Reza Khosravi , Gharehbaghian Arshia , Hajifathali Abbas , Khazaei Zaher , Farsani Mehdi Allahbakhshian
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Gene mutation is an infrequent cause of tumor suppressor gene (TSG) defect in de novo AML patients. Instead, it seems that leukemic cells employ epigenetic tricks to attenuate the negative impacts of intact TSGs. Ordinarily, critical TSGs, such as p16INK4A, is hyper-methylated in AML blasts under the impact of master epigenetic regulators, such as UHRF1. In this study, we investigated the correlation between UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression levels in newly diagnosed AML patients.

Methods: Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples were obtained from 50 newly diagnosed AML patients and 18 healthy normal control subjects. Gene expression levels of UHRF1 and P16INK4A were surveyed using SYBR Green Quantitative Real-time PCR. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS statistical software 21.0.

Results: P16INK4A gene expression showed reduced levels in 80.64% of patients above 45 years of age, while only 32% of patients below 45 years had reduced expression levels. The Spearman correlation test also demonstrated a significant negative correlation between UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression levels in AML patients, which was not observed in the control group (r=0.343 and P= 0.015).

Conclusion: Regarding the age-related patterns of UHRF1 and p16INK4A gene expression, and also the presence of negative correlation between them, we conclude that UHRF1 may potentially be involved in p16INK4A down-regulation in elderly AML patients, which may subsequently facilitate the progression of AML in older ages.
Effects of fenugreek seed powder on stress-induced hyperglycemia and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kooshki Akram , Khazaei Zaher , Rad Mojtaba , Zarghi Azam , Mogaddam Akram Chanbari
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Stress-induced hyperglycemia (SIH) is commonly observed in critically ill patients and associated with poor clinical outcome for patients. Fenugreek seed powder has long been known as an anti-diabetic drug since its pharmaceutical properties were demonstrated.
Materials: The study herein was a parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial consisting of 60 adult patients randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 per group). The study was conducted in Sabzevar, Iran in April 2015. The intervention group received 3 g of fenugreek seed powder by gavage, twice a day, in addition to routine care. The control group received only routine care. In the beginning, a daily evaluation of fasting and postprandial blood sugar was conducted for 10 days. Secondary components (prevalence of pneumonia; length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay, ventilator days, APACHE II score, and mortality rate) were measured until the time of hospital discharge or death. Data were analyzed via SPSS v.20 using Student's t-test (paired and unpaired), chi-square test, repeated measure ANOVA, and Wilcoxon test.
Results: In during 10 days of treatment, there was a significant fall in mean glucose levels in 2 groups. However, this improve was more significant in Intervention group in compared to control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The present study suggests that daily diet with fenugreek seeds can be used as an add-on therapy with other medications in the management of SIH in critically ill patients.
Estrutura, ação e intencionalidade: perspectivas teóricas e possibilidades metodológicas da sociologia da ação coletiva e dos movimentos sociais ontem e hoje
Authors: Câmara Gabriel Guerra
Published: September 2018

As teorias sociológicas que tematicamente se ocuparam da ação política, refletiram, cada qual à sua maneira, os contextos sociais e políticos nas quais foram produzidas, ao mesmo tempo em que refletiram as grandes discussões teórico-epistemológicas da Sociologia, em especial o debate entre ação e estrutura. Esse artigo discute a presença dessa tensão teórico no interior da sociologia da ação coletiva e dos movimentos sociais, apresentando as elaborações e deslocamentos que essas teorias realizaram acerca dessa dimensão. Para isso, o texto apresenta a constituição desse campo sociológico e as influencias que essas teorias sofreram de seus contextos sociais e históricos de produção. Podemos destacar dois importantes grupos de teorias nesse sentido: a Teoria do Processo Político e a Teoria dos Novos Movimentos Sociais, e suas reformulações contemporâneas.
Assessment of Wildlife Species Mostly Involved in Human-Wildlife Conflict around Yankari Game Reserve, Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Magama Y. A. , Babagana M. , Usman A. U. , Gujja A. A. , Adamu A. , A. E. Karachi
Published: September 2018

The present study assessed the species of wildlife mostly incriminated in human-wildlife conflicts around Yankari Game Reserve (Bauchi State, Nigeria). Three districts of Alkaleri Local Government Area were selected for the study viz; Duguri, Fali and Gwana districts. A total of 113 respondents comprising of 44 staff of Yankari Game Reserve and 69 local community members formed part of the study’s sample size selected through Systematic Random and Purposive sampling techniques. The study made use of the Descriptive Survey method involving mixed methods using self-made open ended questionnaire with multiple choice questions as well as Structured Interview Guide. Demographic characteristics of the local people indicated that the majority of them lack the basic formal western education and were mainly farmers. Study findings showed that 8 different species of wildlife were mainly involved in human-wildlife conflict along the Game Reserve. These were: Buffalo, Tantalus monkey, Patas monkey, Roan antelope, Western hartebeest, Bush buck, Waterbuck and African elephant. However, the number of these species of wildlife was also found to be declining fast in the area mainly due to anthropogenic factors such as reprisal attacks on the animals by the local communities in vengeance of damages caused by the animals. Thus, if unwanted contacts between the wildlife and the surrounding communities are not checked, human-wildlife conflict in the area will continue to escalate and many of these animals can be killed. Some are already on the endangered species list. Hence, strict measures should be adopted with the aim of minimizing the rate of encroachment of the wildlife into surrounding communities in order to stop human-wildlife conflict in the area.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN HORMON PERTUMBUHAN REKOMBINAN DENGAN METODE YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN BOTIA (Chromobotia macracanthus)
Authors: Permana Asep , Alimuddin Alimuddin , Hadie Wartono , Priyadi Agus , Ginanjar Rendy
Published: September 2018

Pertumbuhan ikan botia tergolong lambat, memerlukan waktu sekitar enam bulan untuk mencapai ukuran komersial (panjang total 4-5 cm). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respons pertumbuhan benih ikan botia yang diberi hormon pertumbuhan ikan kerapu (rElGH) melalui tiga metode yaitu: perendaman, oral, dan kombinasi perendaman dan oral. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Dosis rElGH melalui perendaman yaitu 1,2 mg/L diberikan pada larva umur tujuh hari, sedangkan dosis secara oral yaitu 30 mg/kg pakan dan diberikan pada benih umur tiga bulan. Ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium sistem resirkulasi (80 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm) dengan kepadatan 5 ekor/L selama pemeliharaan tiga bulan pertama dan 1 ekor/L selama pemeliharaan periode tiga bulan kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi perendaman dan oral memberikan pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi sebesar 12,04% dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan ini juga meningkatkan level ekspresi insulin-like growth factor-1/ IGF-1 sebesar 29,37% dibandingkan kontrol.The growth of Clown Loach is slow. It takes about six months to reach the market size (4-5 cm total body length). This study aimed to evaluate the growth response of Clown Loach treated with recombinant giant grouper growth hormone (rElGH) delivered by three different methods: immersion, oral, and the combination of immersion and oral. A completely randomized design was used as the experimental design and each treatment was replicated three times. The immersion method used rElGH dose of 1.2 mg/L on seven-day-old larvae, while oral treatment used 30 mg rElGH/kg feed on the three-month-old juvenile. The fish were reared in a closed recirculation tank (80 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm) at a density of 5 fish/L for the first three months, and 1 fish/L for the second three months of rearing period. The result showed that the combination of immersion and oral treatments produced a higher growth rate of 12.04% compared to control treatment. Those treatments also increased insulin-like growth factor-1/IGF-1 expression level about 29.37% compared to the control.
FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E PERFIL DOCENTE DA EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA: UM ESTUDO NO IFTM - CÂMPUS PARACATU
Authors: Souza Terezinha Rosa de Aguiar , Souza João Felipe
Published: September 2018

Este estudo teve por finalidade analisar a formação profissional e o perfil do docente que atua no Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro - Câmpus Paracatu. O referencial teórico contemplou diversas concepções teóricas a respeito da formação docente e formação para a educação profissional. Identificou-se que ainda são poucas as pesquisas que tratam especificamente da educação profissional. A metodologia utilizada pautou-se em entrevistas com os docentes, feitas por meio de questionários contendo questões abertas e fechadas. No total foram entrevistados 33 docentes. Constatou-se que em geral o docente que ingressa na instituição pesquisada possui experiência docente anterior. Além disso, percebeu-se a carência dos docentes quanto à formação pedagógica e a discordância de grande parte dos entrevistados quanto à diversidade de modalidades existentes nos Institutos Federais. Os resultados também revelam que a formação pedagógica constitui-se necessária também aos licenciados, devido o fato dos mesmos não considerarem sua formação inicial como suficiente para atuação docente.
PROGRAMA DE PROMOÇÃO À PERMANÊNCIA: PERFIL DOS DISCENTES DO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE BRASÍLIA
Authors: Reis Elisangela Marcia Cruz dos , Gonçalves Andrea de Oliveira
Published: September 2018

Este artigo apresenta resultados preliminares de estudo que analisa o perfil socioeconômico dos discentes contemplados pelo Programa de Promoção à Permanência do Instituto Federal de Brasília no exercício de 2014. O Programa de Promoção à Permanência faz parte da Política de Assistência Estudantil regulamentada em 2014, tendo como base o Programa Nacional de Assistência Estudantil do Governo Federal. Utilizou-se como metodologia o estudo de caso exploratório descritivo de natureza qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de dados secundários da base existente na Coordenação de Assistência Estudantil e Inclusão Social e foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Como prévia, os resultados apontaram que 64,53% dos discentes contemplados pelo programa estavam desempregados. Levando em consideração que a maioria dos discentes cursou o nível médio e está na faixa etária superior a 18 anos de idade denota-se que há um percentual elevado de discentes fora do mercado de trabalho e em busca de capacitação, o que ratifica serem beneficiados por este Programa que auxilia na permanência no curso. Desta forma, tendo em vista o perfil dos contemplados pelo programa infere-se que o benefício ofertado equivale a um auxílio importante em detrimento às condições socioeconômicas dos discentes, o que de fato auxilia em sua permanência e conclusão no curso.
GÊNEROS TEXTUAIS E TRANSMIDIAÇÃO: APROXIMAÇÕES, POTÊNCIAS E DESAFIOS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Lima Daniella de Jesus , Versuti Andrea Cristina , Benia Renata Tavares
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo tem como discussão central a inserção de elementos da Narrativa Transmídia no processo de aprendizagem, mais especificamente na aprendizagem de Gêneros Textuais. Para isso, apresenta-se uma fundamentação teórica para a reflexão do conceito de Narrativa Transmídia, bem como dos Gêneros Textuais, sendo enfatizada a Crônica, gênero utilizado para o desenvolvimento da atividade. Diante disso, têm-se como objetivos refletir acerca dos conceitos de Narrativa Transmídia e Gêneros textuais; e investigar como acontece a aprendizagem do gênero textual crônica por meio de elementos da transmídia a partir de uma atividade prática de produção deste gênero junto a alunos do curso de Comunicação Social – Jornalismo. Para chegar aos objetivos, utilizou-se, na metodologia da pesquisa, a pesquisa bibliográfica e as pesquisa-ação, esta última utilizada na parte prática do trabalho. Assim, foi planejada e desenvolvida uma atividade envolvendo elementos da transmídia e a produção do gênero textual crônica. Por fim, com essa atividade, coletaram-se resultados os quais afirmaram que o uso dos elementos da transmídia contribuiu para a aprendizagem do gênero trabalhado, por meio do engajamento e autoria proporcionados pelo processo.
Barreiras na comunicação e alternativas para auxiliar a compreensão sobre as mudanças climáticas
Authors: Guarenghi Marjorie Mendes , Azevedo Marina de Abreu , Walter Arnaldo , Cavaliero Carla Kazue Nakao
Published: September 2018

O entendimento das causas e riscos das mudanças climáticas e das ações para minimizar os problemas associados a essas alterações é fundamental para conscientizar a sociedade sobre a importância desse aspecto ambiental. As informações sobre as mudanças climáticas têm aumentado nos últimos anos. Porém, a comunicação enfrenta desafios em traduzir o conhecimento científico em uma linguagem não acadêmica e de fácil assimilação para a população. Além disso, a polarização e politização da ciência climática e a dificuldade em motivar a sociedade a mudar seu estilo de vida a fim de reduzir impactos ambientais são importantes questões a serem consideradas. Este trabalho apresenta os principais fatores que limitam a comunicação eficaz sobre as mudanças climáticas e mostra algumas alternativas para melhorar a comunicação entre a ciência e a sociedade, estimulando-a a agir de forma mais participativa a fim de mitigar o aquecimento global.
SUSTENTABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL: CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MENSURAÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Imperador Adriana Maria , Silva Mauro Vitor Homem
Published: September 2018

A mensuração da sustentabilidade empresarial é um tema complexo e fundamental para a operacionalização do desenvolvimento sustentável na rotina diária das organizações. Por isso, inúmeros sistemas foram desenvolvidos após o alerta apresentado pela Agenda 21 Global quanto à sua importância. Apesar da existência desses vários sistemas, algumas lacunas ainda impedem a inclusão da sustentabilidade na agenda operacional das organizações, dentre elas a falta de congruência em relação ao seu conteúdo. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma análise comparativa da dimensão ambiental entre diferentes sistemas de mensuração do desenvolvimento sustentável (SMDS) corporativo. Para tanto, comparou-se cinco dos principais sistemas: Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), Índice Dow Jones de Sustentabilidade (DJSI), Indicadores Ethos de Responsabilidade Social Empresarial, Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial BM&F-Bovespa (ISE) e a Norma ISO 26.000. O trabalho compara diferentes níveis de profundidade na gestão da sustentabilidade empresarial e apresenta temas prioritários como Água, Energia, Resíduos, GEE e Biodiversidade. O GRI apresenta critérios mais profundos e detalhados na dimensão ambiental, sendo o único a objetivamente avaliar metas quantitativas na performance ambiental.
Shear wave velocity-based assessment of liquefaction resistance of natural pumiceous sands
Authors: Asadi M. B. , Asadi M. S. , Orense R. P. , Pender M. J.
Published: September 2018

Over the last few decades, a number of laboratory and field testing techniques have been developed to evaluate the liquefaction resistance of hard-grained sands, while very few investigations have been performed on crushable volcanic soils. Natural pumiceous (NP) soils, a type of volcanic soil commonly found in the North Island of New Zealand, are problematic due to their crushability and lightweight features. Therefore, questions have been asked as to whether existing empirical correlations for liquefaction assessment derived primarily from hard-grained sands would be applicable to NP sands. Previous investigations on crushable soils indicate that penetration methods would not provide reliable estimates of their cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) due to particle crushing occurring during penetration. Thus, the measurement of shear wave velocity (Vs) may be a promising alternative for liquefaction assessment of NP sands. In this paper, a number of cyclic triaxial and bender element tests were conducted on reconstituted NP sands to estimate their CRR and Vs, respectively. The laboratory results indicated that, for the same relative density and effective confining pressure, NP sands have considerably lower Vs and higher CRR compared with hard-grained sands. Thus, using currently available CRR–Vs curves developed for hard-grained sands would result in significant underestimation of the liquefaction resistance of NP sands.
Experimental and field study on treatment waste mud by in situ solidification
Authors: Gao Shihu , Chen Yonghui , Chen Long , Cheng Xiao , Chen Geng
Published: September 2018

Waste mud processing is an urgent problem in in situ construction with no existing method of address. Identifying a highly effective, low-energy and environmentally friendly treatment method would hold great significance. This paper introduces a fast, economic and environmentally friendly construction technology centred on the in situ solidification process. After solidification, bearing capacity and strength of mud pool increases rapidly and it can then be used as roadbed filling or directly as a highway roadbed or building foundation. Combined with the actual general situation of projects, laboratory mixing tests were conducted by using the cement, fly ash, superfine slag powder and plant ash as solidification additives. Vane strength and in situ loading tests were conducted, in which waste mud processing effects were evaluated using the proposed in situ solidification construction technology as a basis. In addition, exponential curve and hyperbolic models were adopted to fit incomplete original loading data, from which the ultimate bearing capacity of the testing field region was obtained. A bearing capacity prediction technique evaluating in situ solidification technology suitable for field use was proposed through comparison and analysis of contrasting measured results.
Sexual Dimorphism in Anthropometric Measurements of Adult Uttarkashi (India) Individuals: A Forensic Anthropological Study
Authors: Jagmahender Singh Sehrawat  , Priyanshi Sood  , Sukhman Kaur
Published: September 2018

Biological profiling of unknown human remains is the foremost task required in forensic/medico-legal death investigations and sex determination of such remains is an important element of biological identity of an individual. In present study, 12 anthropometric measurements were recorded on 298 Uttarkashi individuals (150 males and 148 females) between age group of 18-25 years. Majority of measurements were found to have a significant degree of sexual dimorphism among them; being highest for cubit and thumb lengths and lowest for left palm and right foot lengths (p >0.001). From Univariate discriminant function analysis, cubit length and left foot length were selected as the best variables to discriminate sex of about 80% (84% males and 76% females) 79% (84.7% males and 73.6% females) individuals, respectively. Similarly, 86% subjects could be classified to their correct sex category from all the lineal measurements (88.5% males and 87.2% females) or the hand measurements only (83.1% males and 84.6% females) from the multivariate discriminant function analysis. The results of present study can be considered an addendum to the existing population data for forensic anthropological literature.
Got forages? Understanding potential returns on investment in Brachiaria spp. for dairy producers in Eastern Africa
Authors: Schiek Ben , González Carlos , Mwendia Solomon , Prager Steven D.
Published: September 2018

Production of livestock and dairy products in Sub-Saharan Africa struggles to keep pace with growing demand. The potential exists to close this gap in a climate-friendly way through the introduction of improved forage varieties of the Brachiaria genus. We assess the potential economic impact of the development and release of such varieties in 6 Eastern African countries using an economic surplus model. Results are presented across a range of potential scenarios involving different adoption rates and percentage increases in production. For all but the lowest levels of adoption and production increases, improved forages have the potential for positive return on investment. Using these results, we present formulae that help readers calculate the adoption rate or percentage increase in production necessary to achieve specific desired levels of net benefit. Overall, the model output suggests that investment in a forages research program related to the qualities of the forage itself as well as programs to enhance dissemination and adoption of new materials would be low risk and have high likelihood for positive outcomes, generating discounted net benefits in the order of multiple tens of millions of dollars over a 30-year time horizon.
Adaptación autónoma al cambio climático: experiencias de emprendimientos rurales de Ecuador/ Autonomous adaptation to climate change: experiences of rural entrepreneurs in Ecuador
Authors: Villafuerte Jhonny , Rodriguez Johanna , Limones Katia , Pérez Lewin
Published: September 2018

Este artículo tiene como objetivo fortalecer las capacidades de las comunidades rurales para la adaptación autónoma ante el cambio climático, mediante la socialización de las experiencias de Chumundé, Playa de Oro y San Miguel, en la provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Los informantes son 200 comuneros, quienes participan en un proceso de diálogo enfocado desde la etnografía social, a través de talleres participativos, entrevistas y encuestas. Se aplican el Modelo de Medición de Impactos de Echavarren y el Modelo de Adaptación Climática de la Comunidad Europea. Los resultados permiten inferir que la población de las comunidades ha logrado fortalecer sus capacidades para poner en marcha procesos autónomos de adaptación al cambio climático, mediante la dinámica del emprendimiento. El mayor avance es la puesta en marcha de los procesos en los ámbitos de protección de la salud y bienes materiales. Las debilidades a superar se vinculan al desconocimiento de normativas y a la falta de financiamiento para la prevención por parte del Gobierno local.
Abstract
This work aims to strengthen the capacities of rural communities for autonomous adaptation to climate change, through the socialization of the experiences of Chumundé, Playa de Oro and San Miguel, in the province of Esmeraldas, Ecuador. The informants are 200 people who participated in a dialogue process approached from Social Ethnography, through participatory workshops, interviews and surveys. The Impact Measurement Model of Echavarren and the European Community Climate Adaptation Model are applied. The results allow us to infer that the population of the communities has managed to strengthen their capacities to start autonomous processes of adaptation to climate change through the dynamics of entrepreneurship. The biggest advance is the implementation of processes in the fields of protection of health and material goods. The weaknesses to overcome are linked to the lack of knowledge regarding regulations, and the lack of finances destined for prevention by the local government.
Cambio climático y conflictos socioambientales en ciudades intermedias de América Latina y el Caribe/ Climate change and environmental social conflicts in intermediary cities of Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Novillo Rameix Norha Nathalia
Published: September 2018

Más del 50% de la población de Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC) habita en zonas con riesgo alto de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático. A él se asocian varias amenazas como precipitaciones extremas, deslizamientos de tierras, sequías, escasez de alimentos y riesgos para la salud. La región experimenta desde 1990 un sostenido crecimiento urbano, sobre todo en ciudades intermedias, en las que la superficie residencial informal se ha duplicado. Se ha profundizado la segregación fruto de la falta de acceso al suelo; por ello, ambas variables (informalidad y segregación) deben ser consideradas al analizar la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático en ciudades intermedias. Con base en los datos de informes técnicos recientes en este artículo se concluye que las ciudades intermedias en LAC son más sensibles a los efectos del cambio climático y, al mismo tiempo, reúnen mejores condiciones para la adaptación. Por otra parte, en el campo de los estudios urbanos se establece que existe estrecha relación entre los conflictos socioambientales y el control de los territorios, sobre todo por los cambios de uso de suelo y las externalidades relacionadas con ello. Aunque en los casos analizados no se observa una relación directamente proporcional entre conflictividad socioambiental y cambio climático en las ciudades intermedias, es evidente que las modificaciones en las condiciones climáticas a futuro podrían exacerbar los escenarios actuales.

Abstract

More than 50% of Latin America and Caribbean population lives in areas with a high risk of vulnerability to climate change. It is associated with several threats such as extreme rainfall, landslides, droughts, food shortages and health risks. Since 1990, the region has experienced sustained urban growth, especially in intermediate cities, where the informal residential area has doubled. Segregation has increased due to lack of access to land, which is why both variables (informality and segregation) should be considered when analyzing vulnerability to climate change in intermediate cities. On the other hand, in the field of urban studies, it is established that there is a close relationship between socio-environmental conflicts and the control of territories, especially due to changes in land use and the externalities related to it. Although the analyzed cases do not show a directly proportional relationship between socio-environmental conflict and climate change in intermediate cities, it is evident that changes in future climate conditions could exacerbate current scenarios.
BİZANS DÖNEMİ KOVUKLUKAYA TOPLULUĞUNUN (BOYABAT, SİNOP) BESLENME ALIŞKANLIKLARININ YENİDEN YAPILANDIRILMASI: SABİT İZOTOP ORANI ANALİZLERİNİN ÖNCÜL SONUÇLARI
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Kameray
Published: September 2018

Bizans dönemine
tarihlenen Kovuklukaya (Sinop) mezarlığından ele geçen iskeletlerin kemik kolajeninin karbon ve
azot sabit izotop oranları beslenmenin yeniden yapılandırılması için analiz
edilmiştir. δ13C değerleri, esas olarak C3 kaynaklarına
dayanan ve C4 bitkilerinin çok az dâhil olduğu karasal bir diyeti göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan, δ15N değerleri, bölgenin deniz/tatlısu
kaynaklarına nispeten yakın olmasına rağmen δ13C
değerleri gibi karasal kaynaklara işaret etmiştir. Kovuklukaya azot izotop değerleri Çamlıbel Tarlası ve
Sagalasos’dan faunal izotop değerleriyle
karşılaştırıldığında
beslenmede karasal hayvanlardan elde edilen proteinin önemli yer tuttuğu görülmüştür. Hayvansal proteinin muhtemel kaynağı koyun ve keçidir. Kovuklukaya izotop
değerleri cinsiyete dayalı beslenme
farklılaşmasının oluşmadığını da ortaya çıkarmıştır.
7-10 YAŞ ARASI YÜZME YAPAN ÇOCUKLARDA ANTROPOMETRİK VE SOMATOTİP DEĞİŞKENLER
Authors: ÖZKOÇAK Vahdet
Published: September 2018

Amaç: Spor, küçük yaşlardan itibaren
bireylerin bedensel özelliklerine etki eden bir faktördür. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
düzenli yüzme sporu yapan çocuklardaki antropometrik ve somatotipik
özelliklerin belirlenmesidir.

Materyal ve Metod: Araştırmamıza 17 Mart 2018 tarihinde TOBB
ETÜ havuzunda düzenli yüzme sporu yapan ve kulüpler adına amatör olarak yüzen
7-10 yaş arası bireyler katılımcı olarak seçilmiştir. 42 kız, 54 erkek olmak
üzere toplamda 96 bireyin katıldığı çalışmada triceps, biceps, subscapular,
suprailiac ve baldır deri kıvrımı kalınlıkları (d.k.k.), dirsek, diz, omuz,
göğüs genişliği, göğüs derinliği, üst kol, boyun ve ayakta baldır çevresi
olarak antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. Antropometrik ölçüler International
Biological Programme’ın öngördüğü teknikler doğrultusunda alınmıştır. Boy ölçümü Martin tipi antropometre ile,
ağırlık ise ±100 grama duyarlı dijital tartı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Ölçümlerde katılımcılar mayo giymiştir.

Bulgular: Antropometrik ölçülerde cinsiyetler arasında, diz-dirsek
genişliği ve göğüs derinliği arasında anlamlı farklılıklar gözlenmiştir (p<0.05).
Somatotip kızlarda 4.7-5.1-3.0 değeri ile mezomorfik -endomorf, erkeklerde
4.2-5.7-2.8 değeri ile endomorfik mezomorf olarak bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Katılımcıların genel olarak yağlılık
oranları yüksek bulunmuştur.       Bu
nedenle bireylerin küçük yaşlarda fiziksel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi,
sağlıklı yaşam koşulları için spora yönlendirilmesi ve buna uygun beslenme
programları düzenlenmesi önemlidir.
Effect of supplementation with two combinations of alternative to antimicrobials by stages on cecal fermentation in rabbits
Authors: Liu L. , Xu Y. , Xu X.
Published: September 2018

Antimicrobials inhibit cecal fermentation when preventing rabbit from infection. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with two combinations of alternative to antimicrobial (combination I: 1 × 109 cfu/kg Bacillus subtilis + 2 g/kg fructooligosaccharide; combination II: 2 g/kg acidifier and 0.6 g/kg essential oil) by stages on rabbit’s growth performance and cecal fermentation. Two hundred and forty 15-day-old male kits with similar body weight were distributed randomly to five groups, which were control (basal diet), ZnB (addition of 0.1 g/kg bacitracin zinc in basal diet), II (addition of combination II), I-II (addition of combination I during days 15–35, addition of combination II during days 36–77), and I-II-I (supplemented with combination I during days 15–35 and 57–77, supplemented with combination II during days 36–56). Each group had 6 replicates. One healthy rabbit from each replicate was slaughtered at day 35 and day 77. The results showed: (1) at day 35, the two combinations and bacitracin zinc all inhibited ileal Escherichia coli (P < 0.05), decreased cecal pH, and increased total volatile fatty acid concentration (P < 0.05). Combination І decreased duodenal crypt depth and increased duodenal villi height to crypt depth ratio (VCR) (P < 0.05); (2) at day 77, I-II-I group had more cecal total bacteria than control (P < 0.05). Mode I-II or I-II-I increased cecal Bacteroides-Prevotella (P < 0.05) compared with ZnB. Mode I-II-I shortened duodenal crypt depth and increased VCR compared with control or ZnB (P < 0.05); (3) after weaning, modes I-II-I and I-II had better or similar effect on decreasing diarrhoea and mortality rate compared with ZnB. In conclusion, both modes had better or similar effect on decreasing diarrhoea and mortality rate compared with inclusion of antimicrobial or combination II alone during the whole trial, and mode I-II-I showed better effect than mode I-II.
Cell Viability Assay on Saponin-treated A431 Cells v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

This protocol describes a cell viability assay that uses near-infrared fluorescent detection. Sapphire700 Stain is used to determine cell viability by assessing cell membrane integrity, and the assay is imaged with the Odyssey CLx Imaging System.
Cell Viability Assay with Staurosporine-treated Jurkat Cells v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

This protocol describes a cell viability assay that uses near-infrared fluorescent detection. Sapphire700 Stain is used to determine cell viability by assessing cell membrane integrity, and the assay is imaged with the Odyssey CLx Imaging System.
Western Blot and In-Cell Western™ Assay Detection Using IRDye® Subclass Specific Antibodies v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

This collection contains two protocols, one for Western Blot Detection and the other forICW Detection.
DNA Separation and Detection on Agarose Gels/ In-Gel Pre-Staining Protocol v1
Authors: Biosciences LI-COR
Published: September 2018

The Odyssey Fc Imager, with 600 channel capabilities, can image agarose gels stained with popular DNA stains, such as ethidium bromide and SYBR Safe DNA stain, with sub-nanogram sensitivity. The Odyssey Fc Imager contains a 532 nm diffuse source with an excitation maximum of 520 nm and a detection maximum of 600 nm. These instrument parameters are within the range of the excitation and emission wavelengths of ethidium bromide (Ex/Em = 302 & 518/605 nm) and other visible fluorescent nucleic acid stains and provide a sensitive gel documentation option. SYBR Safe DNA stain (Ex/Em = 502/530 nm) has also been tested on the Odyssey Fc Imager (using the 600 channel) with sensitivities exceeding ethidium bromide detection. The maximum fluorescence emission wavelength of SYBR Safe is very close to the maximum excitation wavelength. However, the Odyssey Fc 600 channel collects excitation light at a wavelength 50 nm higher than the maximum excitation wavelength of SYBR Safe. These instrument properties decrease the background and improve the signal-to-noise ratio for nucleic acid detection. Specific instructions are given in this protocols for ethidium bromide and SYBR Safe use. Other nucleic acid binding stains may also be compatible with the Odyssey Fc Imager. Please check the excitation and emission spectra of each stain. Developed for: Odyssey Fc Imaging System