bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of liver biomarkers and cytokeratin-18 in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients
Authors: Altaf Benash , Rehman Anam , Jawed Shireen , Raouf Abdul
Published: February 2020

Objective: To investigate the association of gold standard liver biomarkers with serum cytokeratin 18 (CK18), serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum aspartate (AST).

Methods: This was cross sectional study. It was conducted at Mayo Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. It comprised of 148 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease subjects of age 40-60 years. After written informed consent, study anthropometric measurements (age, height, waist circumference and hip circumference) were taken and serum AST, ALT and CK-18 were estimated by sandwiched ELISA technique. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Descriptive were presented as mean and standard deviation. Association between CK18, serum AST and ALT were analyzed by regression analysis and are presented as beta coefficient. P-value ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Study comprised of 148 subjects with mean age 44.81±6.2. Of total population 29.1% were male and 70.9% were female. Significant positive association of CK18 was found with serum ALT (P-value 0.005*). However, no association was found between AST and serum CK18. (P-value 0.29).

Conclusion: Significant positive association was found between Serum CK18 and serum ALT.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1674

How to cite this:Altaf B, Rehman A, Jawed S, Raouf A. Association of liver biomarkers and cytokeratin-18 in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):387-390. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1674

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Safety evaluation of preoperative stent insertion and clinical analysis on comparison of outcomes between preoperative stent insertion and emergency surgery in the treatment of obstructive left-sided colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Lijiang , Song Xinjiang , Yu Bin , Zhou Mingliang , Zhang Liping , Sun Guogang
Published: February 2020

Objective: To evaluate the safety of preoperative stent insertion and compare the short- and long-term outcomes between preoperative stent insertion and emergency surgery in the treatment of obstructive left-sided colorectal cancer.

Methods: The clinical data of 302 patients who underwent surgery for obstructive left-sided colorectal cancer from January 2009 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to whether to receive stenting for the success rate and complications of stent insertion in colonic lumen by colonoscope, and the number of cases of primary resection and anastomosis, and short-term complications such as incision infection, anastomotic leakage, spleen tear and abdominal abscess as well as mortality and survival rate during hospitalization were compared.

Results: The success rate of endoscopic nitinol alloy memorial stent insertion in colonic lumen was 97.62%, and the overall incidence of complications was 14.5%, of which the incidence of serious complications (perforation, stent migration) was 4.76%. The primary anastomosis rate was significantly higher in the stent insertion group (85.71%) than that in the emergency surgery group (36.24%). The overall complication rate in the stent insertion group (14 cases) was significantly lower than that in the emergency surgery group (102 cases). There was no significant difference between survival curves (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Preoperative stent insertion in colonic lumen by colonoscope for decompression is an ideal auxiliary method in the treatment of obstructive left-sided colorectal cancer, and may increase primary anastomosis rate, avoid neostomy, reduce short-term complications, and improve the long-term survival compared to emergency surgery.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1707

How to cite this:Han L, Song X, Yu B, Zhou M, Zhang L, Safety evaluation of preoperative stent insertion and clinical analysis on comparison of outcomes between preoperative stent insertion and emergency surgery in the treatment of obstructive left-sided colorectal cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):376-381. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1707

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The development of mouthwashes without anti-gonococcal activity for controlled clinical trials: an in vitro study
Authors: Van Dijck Christophe , Cuylaerts Vicky , Sollie Piet , Spychala Anna , De Baetselier Irith , Laumen Jolein , Crucitti Tania , Kenyon Chris
Published: February 2020

Background: The oropharynx plays a major role in the development and spread of antimicrobial resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae among men who have sex with men. Trials are currently assessing the efficacy of bactericidal mouthwashes as possible therapeutic or preventive options against these pharyngeal gonococcal infections. Controlled clinical trials require the use of a placebo mouthwash without anti-gonococcal activity. So far, no such placebo mouthwash has been described. We describe the development of a mouthwash for this purpose.

Methods: The in vitro anti-gonococcal activity of Corsodyl®, Listerine Cool Mint®, Biotene®, phosphate buffered saline and six in-house placebo mouthwashes was evaluated. Three gonococcal isolates from patients with pharyngeal infection were exposed to the mouthwashes for a duration ranging from 30 seconds to 60 minutes. Isolates were then plated in duplicate onto blood agar (5% horse blood) and incubated for 24 hours (5-7% CO 2, 35 ± 2°C). Growth of N. gonorrhoeae was scored on a five-point scale (0 = no growth, to 4 = confluent growth of colonies).

Results: Corsodyl® and Listerine Cool Mint® were bactericidal to all isolates. For the other mouthwashes, the median growth score after 60 minutes of exposure was 4 (interquartile range 4-4) for phosphate buffered saline; 1 (interquartile range 1-3) for Biotene®; and ranged between 0 and 2 for the in-house composed mouthwashes. An in-house composed mouthwash (Placebo 6) performed best, with a growth score of 2.5 (interquartile range 1-3).

Conclusions: All the evaluated potential placebo mouthwashes were bacteriostatic after gonococcal exposure of 30 to 60 minutes. In-house composed Placebo 6 showed less inhibition on gonococcal growth than Biotene® and the other in-house placebos and demonstrates, in our opinion, a good trade-off between anti-gonococcal properties and taste.
“But you have to start somewhere….”: Nurses’ perceptions of what is required to provide quality neonatal care in selected hospitals, Kenya
Authors: Nyikuri Mary , Kumar Pratap , Jones Caroline , English Michael
Published: February 2020

Background:Kenya has one of the highest rates of neonatal mortality in the world at 22/1,000 live births. Improving the quality of newborn care would greatly improve survival rates. There is an increasing consensus that strong health systems are key to achieving improved health outcomes. However, there is significantly less agreement on what to strengthen in low and middle-income countries such as Kenya. As nurses are the main caregivers in many inpatient settings, efforts aimed at improving the quality of facility care for sick newborn babies need to take into account nurses views and opinions. Our intent in this paper is to describe the current state of the nursing environment and what would be required to improve the quality of those environs from nurses’ perspectives.

Methods: Between January 2017 and March 2018, we collected data through non-participant observations, unsolicited conversations and review of admission registers. We also conducted 29 individual in-depth interviews with nurses working in the newborn units (NBU) of a public sector hospital (n=10), a private sector hospital (n=11) and a faith-based hospital (n=8).  The interviews were digitally audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and, together with observation notes, analysed using thematic content analysis.

Results:Nurses as frontline care givers and intervention intermediaries, irrespective of their work contexts, have similar aspirations, needs and expectations from the health systems of how they should be supported to provide quality inpatient care for newborns. These are about the structure of the work environment, especially human resources for health, and the consequences of inadequate structure. They are also about how care is organised and systems that respond to emergencies.

Conclusion:Interventions and investments to improve quality need to be directed towards experienced based co-design where we listen to the problems that nurses experience.
Numerical methods. The authentic and exact solution of the differential and algebraic equations in SAE systems of SAPR
Authors: Manichev Vladimir , Glazkova Valentina , Анастасия Кузьмина
Published: February 2020

In the manual classical numerical methods are considered
and algorithms for the decision of systems of the ordinary differential
equations (ODE), nonlinear and linear algebraic equations
(NAU and LAU), and also ways of ensuring reliability and demanded
accuracy of results of the decision. Ideas, which still not are stated
are reflected in textbooks on calculus mathematics, namely: decision
systems the ODE without reduction to a normal form of Cauchy resolved
rather derivative, and refusal from any numerical an equivalent -
nykh of transformations of the initial equations of mathematical models and is-
the hodnykh of data because such transformations can change
properties of models at a variation of coefficients in corresponding urav-
neniyakh.
It is intended for students, graduate students and teachers of higher education institutions
in the direction of preparation "Informatics and computer facilities".
The grant will also be useful for engineers and scientists on the corresponding specialties.
Engineering geodesy
Authors: Fyedotov Grigoriy
Published: February 2020

Fundamentals of engineering geodesy are stated, its value in a national economy and defense of the country is shown. Unlike earlier published textbooks in the present edition except traditional data on engineering geodesy information on the digital cards used in GIS geographic information systems, and also to the digital TsMM and mathematical MMM models of the district which are a basis of the modern automated design of SAPR on the engineering and geodetic methods and processes which incorporated the last achievements of computer technologies is given: electronic and computer takheometriya, satellite navigation, remote sensing, laser scanning, digital fotogrammetriya.
In the textbook modern experience of works at researches and construction of highways and airfields, bridge crossings and transport tunnels of the leading design and survey organizations and firms of Russia is generalized.
For students of automobile and road and construction specialties of higher education institutions. It can be used by the students of the corresponding specialties of technical schools, colleges, certified specialists working in the corresponding areas of transport construction.
Financial relations small business energy complex
Authors: Morozko Natalya , Didyenko Valyentina
Published: February 2020

The paper deals with the peculiarities of small organizations in the energy sector, taking into account the principles of effective financial cooperation of small businesses with a variety of large and medium-sized structures. We studied the experience of the financial relations of countries with developed economies on a set of market tools and in business management in the energy sector. The analysis of the financial condition of small organizations and energy sector. Defined financial planning tools of organizations that allow to carry out the relationship of financial planning practices with the main objectives of a small organization. Reasoned application of the tax policy in the system of financial relations for small and large businesses and energy complex. The conditions for the use of alternative financial services market lending small business operations using efficient technologies.
Criminally-legal counteraction to crimes committed through the use of modern information and communication technologies
Authors: Russkevich Evgeniy
Published: February 2020

The publication is devoted to the investigation of the criminal law aspects of countering crimes committed through the use of modern information and communication technologies (computers, information and communication networks, including the Internet). We analyze the current legislation, the theoretical development and practice in cases of information crimes. The manual complies with federal state educational standards of higher professional education in the field of "Law Enforcement", "Legal provision of national security" and "Jurisprudence".
Service activity
Authors: Ryeznik Galina , Maskayeva Asiya , Ponomaryenko YUliya
Published: February 2020

The textbook describes the basic concepts that are fundamental for service activities: service, need, service, service information, service marketing. Special attention is paid to the features of modern service development — information service, ethics and psychology of service activities.
For undergraduate students studying in the direction of training 43.01.01 "Service", as well as 38.03.02 "Management".
Incorrect Responses in First-Order False-Belief Tests: A Hybrid-Logical Formalization
Authors: Braüner Torben
Published: February 2020

In the paper (Braüner, 2014) we were concerned with logical formalizations of the reasoning involved in giving correct responses to the psychological tests called the Sally-Anne test and the Smarties test, which test children’s ability to ascribe false beliefs to others. A key feature of the formal proofs given in that paper is that they explicitly formalize the perspective shift to another person that is required for figuring out the correct answers – you have to put yourself in another person’s shoes, so to speak, to give the correct answer. We shall in the present paper be concerned with what happens when answers are given that are not correct. The typical incorrect answers indicate that children failing false-belief tests have problems shifting to a perspective different from their own, to be more precise, they simply reason from their own perspective. Based on this hypothesis, we in the present paper give logical formalizations that in a systematic way model the typical incorrect answers. The remarkable fact that the incorrect answers can be derived using logically correct rules indicates that the origin of the mistakes does not lie in the children’s logical reasoning, but rather in a wrong interpretation of the task.
Literatura Brasileira no Modernismo tardio, sob o prisma do "Grande sertão: veredas"
Authors: Cardoso João Batista
Published: February 2020

Empregou-se o Modernismo brasileiro para realizar, por meio do Grande sertão: veredas (1956), essa travessia pela identidade da área compreendida entre Goiás e Minas Gerais. O objetivo é demonstrar que a retomada, por Guimarães Rosa (1908-1967), dos esteios estéticos que demarcaram essa fase em seu momento inicial nos anos 1920 sem abandonar as obras e vertentes literárias que a seguiram e fatos históricos marcantes, gerou um Modernismo atípico que, por não romper, completamente, com a tradição, recebe a designação de Modernismo tardio. Na obra do ficcionista em questão a ruptura aparece de modo mais contundente que em quaisquer outras obras do terceiro momento do Modernismo, o que levou à inauguração do Pós-Modernismo. O não finalizar encontra, no Grande sertão: veredas, um ponto de contato com a historiografia, até porque o símbolo do infinito, no final da obra indica ser a travessia de Riobaldo e Diarorim uma viagem que transcende a narração. Para se chegar aos resultados procedeu-se à leitura da obra, comparando-a com outras obras do mesmo período e da primeira fase do Modernismo; além disso, praticou-se a compatibilização entre a obra e o contexto cultural em que a mesma se insere. Dessa forma, empregou-se, como metodologia a leitura comparativa e as teses da Hermenêutica. O resultado a que a pesquisa subjacente a este texto chegou é de que a culpa de Riobaldo é a mesma de todos os homens que se deixam levar pelas circunstâncias, restringindo o olhar na superfície da realidade enquanto nas profundezas pululam as ocorrências que determinam e orientam os destinos do mundo. Outro resultado inscrito no objetivo expresso acima indica que a obra em questão contribuiu para que se iniciasse nova fase na literatura brasileira.
A intertextualidade camoniana em "...Onde Vaz, Luís?" (1983) de Jaime Gralheiro ou Luís Vaz de Camões revisitado no teatro português contemporâneo
Authors: Kalewska Anna
Published: February 2020

O objetivo do artigo é a comparação d’Os Lusíadas (1572) de Luís Vaz de Camões e de ...Onde Vaz, Luís (1983) de Jaime Gralheiro, mostrando os processos do enxerto narrativo de um padrão epopeico no hipertexto dramático, obrado através de “um mosaico de citações”. Trata-se de uma transformação genérica muito produtiva estética e ideologicamente, com traços visíveis de paródia, disfarce, pastiche, transposição narrativa de mais de um texto só e de muitos escritores quinhentistas portugueses (inclusive Fernão Mendes Pinto, António Ferreira, Pedro de Andrade Caminha, Damião de Góis, Gil Vicente) vinculados a uma peça jocosa, tanto trágica como grotesca, concebida segundo a crítica social e de cariz ideológico Brechteano. O artigo apresenta uma mostra de múltiplas relações entre o hipotexto primário e os textos dele derivados, patenteando o fim do texto em causa em muitas obras e literatura portuguesa de vários autores de romances e peças de teatro. O heróico hipotexto vs. os hipertextos são desdobrados em refabulações dramáticas e novelescas pós-modernas (José Saramago inclusive!). Um outro estudo ainda do imaginário ao abrigo da revisitação de literatura portuguesa é possível em relação à história contemporânea e à existência humana, com as fronteiras espácio-temporais e géneros literários apagados na “lotaria intertextual” de Camões e seus avatares quanto aos autores ficcionais e protagonistas. Um diagnóstico do hic et nunc (agora mesmo!) está a ser produzido de um modo metodologicamente consistente segundo os clássicos, de intertextualidade focalizada na dramaturgia e escrita romanesca em Portugal no ocaso do milénio antecedente, com a revolução dos cravos no pano de fundo e o corolário da pós- -democracia acompanhando o processo analítico empreendido.
O papel da mulher na sociedade portuguesa: um olhar pelo lado de fora (uma breve revisão)
Authors: Khvan Maria S.
Published: February 2020

Se olharmos para a história de Portugal, veremos que antigamente as mulheres eram tidas como empregadas domésticas, não tinham direito à educação, liberdade de expressão, eram subjugadas às vontades dos homens. A proclamação da República em 1910 acalentou nas mulheres a esperança de alterações na sua posição social. Contudo foi só depois da Revolução dos Cravos que as mulheres portuguesas passaram ao estatuto de igualdade com o homem na família e a participação delas nas áreas da ciência, cultura, comunicação social e do desporto passou a crescer. A mulher portuguesa atual casa e procria mais tarde, tem ensino superior, ocupa cargos importantes, mas ainda é mais vulnerável socialmente. Tal situação pode ser comparada com a na sociedade russa, mas só em parte.
Ética epicurista − "Tetraphármakos": Algumas inquirições no pensamento filosófico português
Authors: Rego Rui Maia
Published: February 2020

Poderemos alcançar uma vida boa, suportar a dor e eliminar o medo da morte? Qual o papel da filosofia e do filósofo ante inquietudes práticas e especulativas? A filosofia de Epicuro (341-270 a.C.) visa “a saúde da alma” através do rigoroso conhecimento do Universo. O presente artigo procura analisar a proposta ética do filósofo − o seu tetraphármakos (quádruplo remédio para libertar o homem). Apresentam-se, seguidamente, duas objeções ao seu pensamento: por um lado, Agostinho da Silva, criticando a filosofia epicurista enquanto método meramente defensivo da dor; e, por outro lado, a caracterização do legado epicureu como irrealizável enquanto ambição práxica, tal como propõe o heterónimo de Fernando Pessoa, Ricardo Reis.
Patriarcado e loucura no romance brasileiro
Authors: Rossinetti Rufinoni Simone
Published: February 2020

O estudo comparativo dos romances Fogo morto, de José Lins do Rego (1943); A menina morta, de Cornélio Penna (1954) e Crônica da casa assassinada, de Lúcio Cardoso (1959) permite entrever o complexo quadro de relações entre forma romanesca e sociedade brasileira. São romances cujos enredos transcorrem no interior ou à sombra do espaço doméstico cujo significado aponta para as especificidades da sociedade brasileira ancorada na estrutura e no funcionamento do modo de produção escravista, expresso pela significativa presença do lar como casa-grande. Assim, os romances captam, pelo viés da prosa introspectiva, a relação entre a esfera da família e a formação do sujeito, aproximando o patriarcado dos traços da loucura.
Aproximações ao Português Língua Não Materna: alguns estudos académicos do 2º Ciclo (Bolonha)
Authors: Ançã Maria Helena
Published: February 2020

Com Bolonha, as licenciaturas de 4-5 anos conducentes à profissionalização foram extintas e deram lugar a um 1º ciclo de três anos, de caráter geral, sendo necessário frequentar um mestrado profissionalizante em ensino (2º ciclo) para obter o diploma de professor. Neste contexto, e ainda considerando a legislação portuguesa que define o regime jurídico da habilitação profissional, os mestrandos, no final do curso, são chamados a desenvolver um estudo empírico, no âmbito do Estágio Pedagógico, que integrará o Relatório de Estágio (RE) a ser defendido em provas públicas. Sendo o panorama social e educativo, no presente, em Portugal, multicultural e multilingue, estes estudantes de mestrado confrontam-se nas escolas com o desafio de ensinar a língua a alunos de português língua não materna a par de alunos nativos, ou seja, a sujeitos com passados linguísticos distintos. Neste âmbito, este texto pretende dar conta de 10 estudos realizados entre 2012 e 2017, por mim orientados, analisando as linhas de força que os enformam (temáticas, conceitos, estratégias) e as principais conclusões.
A atividade teatral como instrumento para a aprendizagem do PLE no Departamento de Interpretação e Tradução da Universidade de Bolonha, sede de Forlì
Authors: Costa da Silva Ferreira Anabela Cristina
Published: February 2020

O teatro ensina a conhecer ansiedades e a geri-las num ambiente protegido, onde subir para um palco ajuda a proteger-se de receios, e a construir uma personalidade mais ampla. A atividade teatral é formativa e é um instrumento de crescimento para todas as idades, durante todas as fases da vida. O laboratório teatral universitário em Forlì, que teve início há vinte e seis anos, é uma experiência extraordinária assim como é um ótimo instrumento didático. Mas pode-se ensinar uma língua estrangeira através duma atividade teatral? E o teatro musical pode servir para ensinar e aprender uma «outra» língua?Está reconhecido que o laboratório teatral é útil para ensinar não só a literatura ou a dramaturgia, como também a didática das línguas estrangeiras onde estudantes podem experimentar a eficiência de várias técnicas de simulação e dramatização. Há anos que o teatro é o fulcro de uma atividade e um instrumento didático mais do que uma forma de arte por si só. Ensinar através do teatro faz parte de um contexto didático e deixou de ser só uma escolha de um professor cheio de iniciativa e criatividade.
Aquisição e uso das formas de tratamento em português – língua estrangeira
Authors: De Frias e Gouveia Maria Carmen
Published: February 2020

O objectivo principal do presente trabalho é analisar o modo como o complexo sistema de formas de tratamento (e seu uso) é apresentado aos aprendentes de Português como língua estrangeira.Após uma breve consideração, de cariz mais teórico, sobre a delicadeza em Linguística, a dêixis social e a sua relação com as formas de tratamento, apresenta-se esse sistema em Português (europeu e brasileiro), como ponto de partida para a análise da descrição que as gramáticas e materiais didácticos para estrangeiros têm feito do emprego das várias formas de tratamento.Refere-se ainda o modo de aquisição desse sistema e conclui-se com algumas sugestões para minorar as dificuldades que o ensino/aprendizagem do uso correcto das formas de tratamento em Língua Portuguesa acarreta.
Histórias em quadrinhos traduzidas (e no prelo) para polaco
Authors: Jankowski Jakub
Published: February 2020

Histórias em quadrinhos (HQs) traduzidas (PT-BR → PL) e publicadas em polaco contam 14 volumes (álbuns). Da excepcionalidade do meio, bem como da imagem linguística do mundo (JOS – językowy obraz świata) onde decorre a ação, resultam várias condições que influenciam o texto de chegada e que podem servir como exemplo vivo para formular algumas regras que moldam o texto final no caso dos comics. Pretende-se no presente artigo objetivar a própria experiência empírica do processo de tradução através da abordagem metodológica que combina a introspeção (psicologia cognitiva), teoria de tradução e teoria de comics. A reflexão que nasce desta ligação junta a perspetiva de dois autores (tradutor + pesquisador [na área dos ET e dos comics]) e permite autodefinir, descrever e resolver de uma forma objetivada os maiores problemas tradutológicos que se encontram nas HQs traduzidas.
Os aspetos regulares e irregulares da construção ter PRON INF
Authors: Szcześniak Konrad
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo inclui uma análise cognitiva da construção gramatical ter PRON INF (exemplificada pela bem-conhecida expressão Não tem de/que agradecer). Mostra-se que a construção tem uma forte preferência por usos negativos e na maioria dos casos, serve para exprimir sentidos de ‘incapacidade’. Embora possua algumas caraterísticas em comum com estruturas interrogativas indiretas, a forma da construção permanece idiossincrática como resultado da convencionalização de frasemas e de lacunas lexicais. As propriedades aqui descritas servem de ponto de partida para discussão da sua significância na aquisição e no uso da construção. Entender-se-á que a idiossincrasia, presente em todas as construções (“emparelhamentos de forma e sentido”), exige uma imersão profunda no input (apesar da opinião generativa e apesar do argumento da pobreza do estímulo). No presente trabalho, propõe-se que as propriedades previsíveis (regulares) só podem simplificar e acelerar o processo de aprendizagem e assim deve-se-lhes atribuir mais importância nos atuais modelos baseados no uso.
Community-Based Resource Mobilization: How Entrepreneurs Acquire Resources from Distributed Non-Professionals via Crowdfunding
Authors: Murray Alex , Kotha Suresh , Fisher Greg
Published: February 2020

We examine how entrepreneurs acquire financial resources for their early-stage ventures from distributed non-professionals via crowdfunding. Through an inductive analysis of entrepreneurs’ successful and unsuccessful non-equity crowdfunding campaigns, we derive a holistic framework of community-based resource mobilization. Our framework consists of three distinct processes entrepreneurs use to attain financial capital from non-professional resource providers over time: community building to establish psychological bonds with individuals possessing domain-relevant knowledge, community engaging to foster social identification with existing resource providers, and community spanning to leverage proofpoints with intermediaries who can help orchestrate resource mobilization with broader audiences. Entrepreneurs’ enactment and temporal sequencing of these three processes distinguish successful versus unsuccessful resource mobilization efforts in a crowdfunding setting. Community building is used by successful entrepreneurs primarily prior to a campaign’s launch, community engaging is used throughout a campaign, and community spanning is most effectively used after achieving a campaign’s initially-stated funding goal. This study empirically illustrates and theoretically conceptualizes the dynamics of resource mobilization in a crowdfunding setting.
Heavy-Traffic Analysis of Sojourn Time Under the Foreground–Background Scheduling Policy
Authors: Kamphorst Bart , Zwart Bert
Published: February 2020

We consider the steady-state distribution of the sojourn time of a job entering an M/GI/1 queue with the foreground–background scheduling policy in heavy traffic. The growth rate of its mean as well as the limiting distribution are derived under broad conditions. Assumptions commonly used in extreme value theory play a key role in both the analysis and the results.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP DENGAN PERILAKU SELAMAT PADA WISATAWAN DI PANTAI PARANGTRITIS KABUPATEN BANTUL DIY
Authors: Aini Nurul Samratul , Agustin Helfi
Published: February 2020

Various health risks can occur in tourism depending on the physical condition of the traveler and the type of trip. Tourists suddenly get sick because of changes in places visited such as altitude, humidity, temperature, or because of an accident. Parangtritis Beach Tourism is a tourist destination with the biggest destination in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). Parangtritis Beach has an increasing number of visitors annually, of course, accompanied by an increase in the risk of accidents and health problems. The risk of accidents that can occur to tourists is sinking, being hit by ATVs, jeeps and delmans, jellyfish animal bites, food poisoning, air pollution, skin irritation, and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes with safe behavior on tourists at Parangtritis Beach, Bantul Regency, DIY. This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional or cross sectional study design. The sample in this study were visitors to Parangtritis beach, aged 17-50 years, with 110 respondents. The sampling technique used is accidental side. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire. Data analysis with chi square test. Bivariate analysis shows, sex with healthy and safe behavior (p-value 0.627), age with healthy and safe behavior (p-value 0.911), education with healthy and safe behavior (p-value 0.677), knowledge with healthy behavior and safe (p-value 0.020) and attitudes with healthy and safe behavior (p-value 0.003). There is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes with healthy and safe behavior. There is no relationship between gender, age and education with healthy and safe behavior.
Peri-implantitis: an Unusual Presentation
Authors: Barclay Craig W , Foster-Thomas Emma
Published: February 2020

Rehabilitation with dental implants is not without post-placement complications, one of which is peri-implantitis. Peri-implantitis is a progressive inflammatory disease which affects the hard and soft tissues around a dental implant. The consequent bone resorption and reduced osseointegration significantly affects the long-term viability of the implant fixture. Without treatment, peri-implantitis can progress in an accelerating, non-linear pattern.

The aetiology of peri-implantitis is debated in the literature. Consequently, over the last ten years there have been numerous consensus meetings debating this topic and various guidelines have been written and updated by experts in the field. There is extensive, sometimes conflicting, literature on the subject in the scientific journals. The aetiological factors involved and the management of the condition remains up for debate…

In 2011, a new patient attended the University Dental Hospital of Manchester with nine Xive implants (Dentsply Sirona), four maxillary and five mandibular. For various reasons the maxillary implants were all restored, however, only three of the mandibular implants were restored and two were left buried. In 2016, the patient returned with signs and symptoms of peri-implantitis around the most mesial buried implant (LL6 region). The potential reasons why this may have occurred were investigated and forms this case report.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Peri-implantitis may be associated with apparently buried implants.
Fear Factor: Anxiety - a Cause of Delayed Presentation of Oral Cancer
Authors: Nandra Sukbir , Aiyegbusi Oluwatoyin
Published: February 2020

If oral cancer is diagnosed at an advanced stage, 5-year survival prognosis can be particularly poor. The existing literature indicates that patient anxiety is a contributing factor to patient delay in oral cancer diagnosis.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article explores the causes of delay in oral cancer diagnosis and encourages practitioners to play an active role in the early diagnosis of oral cancer. Practitioners should appreciate the need to take a holistic approach to patient management and understand that treatment of patients must be tailored to account for their general or specific anxiety issues.
Case Study: Management of Failing Maxillary Bridgework
Authors: Gray David
Published: February 2020

The current trend, and often gold standard, for replacement of missing teeth is implant-retained fixed or removable prostheses. These, however, are not always suitable, whether due to financial constraints, or the patient wishing to avoid the associated surgical treatment. Utilizing crowns as retainers for partial removable dental prostheses in such cases can provide a favourable aesthetic and functional outcome, whilst avoiding many of the retentive pitfalls that patients fear are associated with a removable appliance.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: A systematic approach is required when approaching failing bridgework in order to overcome the unique challenge involving unpredictable abutment status, which often cannot be appraised until the bridgework is dismantled.
Surgical Wound Healing in the Oral Cavity: a Review
Authors: Shah Raunaq , Domah Farya , Shah Nirmal , Domah Javed
Published: February 2020

Wound healing is a fundamental survival mechanism, largely taken for granted. It consists of four intricately tuned phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling. Successful wound healing only occurs if each phase occurs in the correct sequence and timeframe. Moreover, the oral cavity serves as a unique and remarkable setting whereby wound healing takes place in a saliva-filled environment containing millions of micro-organisms. Many local and systemic factors can impair oral wound healing. This article provides an overview of the wound healing process, with a discussion of these respective local and systemic factors, along with the potential cellular and/or molecular mechanisms involved.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: On a daily basis, dentists perform procedures such as exodontia and implant placement that rely on adequate wound healing. An improved understanding of the local and systemic factors that can impair oral wound healing can help clinicians to control these factors more accurately, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Odontogenic Infections with Cutaneous Involvement in Children: a Case Series
Authors: Monteiro Joana , Johnson Adèle , Kandiah Pathanjali , Anand Prabhleen , Fayle Stephen
Published: February 2020

Cutaneous involvement of dental sepsis is a rare occurrence in children. It often presents as a diagnostic dilemma, especially in the absence of oral symptoms, with initial presentation to non-dental professionals. This article discusses three cases of children presenting with cutaneous involvement of odontogenic origin to two paediatric dentistry departments in the UK. All cases had delayed presentations and were initially submitted to ineffective treatment, with significant impact on the children’s well-being. Final management included antibiotic therapy, drainage and extraction of the septic tooth.

These three cases highlight the importance of considering a dental aetiology for localized inflammatory and purulent skin lesions of the mandible. Prompt diagnosis and early treatment are determinant for early resolution and avoidance of systemic or psychological complications.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article discusses diagnosis and management of three different presentations of odontogenic sepsis with cutaneous involvement in children.
Unusual Presentation of a Pyogenic Granuloma in a 6-Year-Old Child
Authors: Agel Mona , Ahluwalia Meera
Published: February 2020

A 6-year-old girl was referred for assessment of an oral soft tissue swelling in the anterior maxilla. An asymptomatic, large, erythematous soft tissue mass developed on the alveolar ridge following the loss of the deciduous upper central incisor. Following excision of the lesion, a diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma was confirmed. This case demonstrates the unusual presentation of a pyogenic granuloma in a younger child. These lesions can arise as a reactive response to various stimulating factors and can grow rapidly. Management often involves excision but recurrence risk can be high.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentists should not only be aware of the common oral soft tissue changes but should also familiarize themselves with lesions that can occur atypically in children.
The Management and ‘Fate’ of Palatally Ectopic Maxillary Canines
Authors: Seager Leonie , Shah Jinesh , Burke FJ Trevor
Published: February 2020

With the exception of third molar teeth, the maxillary canine is the most frequently impacted tooth, with the majority of these being palatally ectopic. When patients present with impacted canines there can often be several treatment options available to them. These could include interceptive treatment, exposure and alignment of the canine, extraction of the impacted tooth or acceptance of the deciduous canine. It is important that treatment decisions determining the ‘fate’ of palatally impacted canines should be taken on a case-by-case basis.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: The clinician should understand that several options might be available to the patient presenting with a palatally ectopic maxillary canine, in order to allow an informed choice of treatment.
Localized Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Hyperplasia : a Case Series
Authors: Saunsbury Thomas , Hodgson Tim , Carey Barbara
Published: February 2020

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia is a relatively new histopathological diagnosis, presenting as a localized erythematous lesion of the anterior attached gingivae. Presenting in a peri-pubertal age, this condition is often misdiagnosed as ‘puberty gingivitis’. Here, two cases presenting to the Joint Paediatric-Oral Medicine clinic at the Eastman Dental Hospital are discussed.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia is a novel diagnosis, and one that is currently under-reported. Increased awareness of this condition is required for appropriate patient management.
Technique Tips
Authors: Amlani Maya , Patel Ayesha , Dunkley Suzanne
Published: February 2020

Management of Enamel-Dentine Fractures with Clear Crowns in a Young Patient
Contraceptive care and treatment for obese or overweight women
Authors: Kipps Sarah
Published: February 2020

Sarah Kipps examines the evidence on advising women with weight issues on the best choice of contraception
Diagnosis and management of glandular fever in primary care
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: February 2020

Margaret Perry details the challenges of diagnosis and complications of this viral infection
Does anyone ask new dads how they are feeling?
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: February 2020

Ian Peate looks at paternal depression, an often overlooked condition, and how it can be spotted
Graphene-assisted electro-optomechanical integration on a silicon-on-insulator platform
Authors: Xi Xiang , Chen Zefeng , Xu Jian-Bin , Sun Xiankai
Published: February 2020

Micro- and nano-optomechanics has attracted broad interest for applications of mechanical sensing and coherent signal processing. For nonpiezoelectric materials such as silicon or silicon nitride, electrocapacitive effects with metals patterned on mechanical structures are usually adopted to actuate the mechanical motion of the micro- or nanomechanical devices. However, the metals have deleterious effects on the mechanical structures because they add an additional weight and also introduce considerable mechanical losses. To solve these problems, we have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a new scheme of electro-optomechanical integration on a silicon-on-insulator platform by using single-layer graphene as a highly conductive coating for electromechanical actuation. Mechanical modes of different groups were electrically actuated and optically detected in a micromechanical resonator, with the mechanical Q > 1000 measured in air. Compatible with CMOS technology, our scheme is suitable for large-scale electro-optomechanical integration and will have wide applications in high-speed sensing, communication, and signal processing.
Frustrated double ionization of atoms in strong laser fields
Authors: Li Yingbin , Xu Jingkun , Yu Benhai , Wang Xu
Published: February 2020

With a three-dimensional classical ensemble method, we theoretically investigated frustrated double ionization (FDI) of atoms with different laser wavelengths. Our results show that FDI can be more efficiently generated with shorter wavelengths and lower laser intensities. With proper laser parameters more FDI events can be generated than normal double ionization events. The physical condition under which FDI events happen is identified and explained. The energy distribution of the FDI products - atomic ions in highly excited states - shows a sensitive wavelength dependency.
Propagation of temporal coherence gratings in dispersive medium with a chirper
Authors: Ding C. , Korotkova O. , Zhao D. , Li D. , Zhao Z. , Pan L.
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the propagation of Temporal Coherence Grating (TCG) pulse trains in a dispersive medium with a chirp is investigated for the first time. The two-time mutual coherence function of the TCG pulse trains propagating through extended dispersive medium specified by temporal ABCD matrix is derived and the evolution of their mean intensity and temporal degree of coherence (DOC) is explored. It is shown that the distribution of the mean intensity can be modulated freely by the number of grating lobes N, grating constant a, pulse duration T0, power distributions vn, group-velocity dispersion coefficient β2 and the medium chirper s. Upon dispersive-medium propagation, the single pulse splits into N+1 subpulses with the same or different peak intensities which depend on power distributions vn. What’s more, during the propagation the pulse self-focusing occurs being the chirp-induced non-linear phenomenon. And the distribution of temporal DOC will degenerate into Gaussian form from initial periodic coherence distribution with increasing propagation distance z or adjusting incident pulse parameters and medium dispersion. The physical explanation and numerical illustrations relating to the pulse behavior are included.
Enhancing time-delay suppression in a semiconductor laser with chaotic optical injection via parameter mismatch
Authors: Zhang Renheng , Zhou Pei , Yang Yigong , Fang Qi , Mu Penghua , Li Nianqiang
Published: February 2020

Time-delay signature (TDS) suppression of an external-cavity semiconductor laser (ECSL) is important for chaos-based applications and has been widely studied in the literature. In this paper, the chaotic output of an ECSL is injected into a semiconductor laser and TDS suppression in the regenerated time series is revisited. The focus of the current work is the influence of parameter mismatch on the TDS evolution, which is investigated experimentally and compared systematically to simulations. The experimental results demonstrate that it is much easier to achieve desired TDS suppression in the configuration composed of mismatched laser pairs. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of the experimental results. In the experiments and simulations, the influence of the injection parameters on TDS suppression is also studied and good agreement is obtained.
Toallitas cosméticas para el tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis sin la presencia de sales de aluminio.
Authors: Fernández Sánchez Irene , Zarzuelo Castañeda Aránzazu
Published: February 2020

La hiperhidrosis es la producción de sudor anormalmente mayor a la requerida para regular la temperatura corporal. Los síntomas se manifiestan principalmente en las palmas de las manos, plantas de los pies, axilas y regiones craneofaciales. Actualmente, existen diversos tratamientos para la hiperhidrosis, siendo el tratamiento tópico con sales metálicas y, en concreto, con cloruro de aluminio hexahidratado, el más empleado por su eficacia, seguridad y facilidad de aplicación, sin embargo, algunas personas pueden experimentar reacciones de sensibilidad a las citadas sales. La formulación propuesta en este estudio proporciona una alternativa eficaz y segura para el tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis, empleando como principios activos de la formulación aceite esencial de árbol de té, vinagre de manzana, extractos de salvia y tomillo y mentol en toallitas de celulosa individualizadas. Tras probar distintas formulaciones en tres voluntarios con hiperhidrosis, las impresiones fueron satisfactorias al percibirse rápida absorción de la formulación, frescor y prolongación en el tiempo de la sequedad de la zona tratada. El resultado del estudio refleja que los preparados cosméticos con compuestos naturales pueden ser una vía de investigación satisfactoria en la búsqueda del tratamiento de la hiperhidrosis.
Estudio de Revisión de las ventajas e inconvenientes de los Sistemas Personalizados de Dosificación (SPD) y evaluación de su adecuación al perfil del paciente y tipo de farmacia
Authors: Maestre Hernández Ana Belén , Gonzalez Valdivieso María , Arasa Josep , López Pintor Elsa
Published: February 2020

Los Sistemas Personalizados de Dosificación (SPD) son una herramienta útil para mejorar la adherencia terapéutica desde la farmacia comunitaria. Sin embargo, existen en el mercado multitud de sistemas con características diferenciadoras que es necesario conocer para poder seleccionar la que mejor se adapte al servicio de SPD. El objetivo de este trabajo ha consistido en realizar una revisión de los diferentes tipos de SPD que existen, analizar las ventajas e inconvenientes de cada uno y evaluar su adecuación en función del uso deseado, perfil de paciente y tipo de farmacia. Para dar respuesta a estos objetivos, se ha realizado una revisión de la información por diferentes fuentes y métodos. Se han identificado tres tipos de SPD: manuales, semiautomáticos y automáticos, diferenciándose fundamentalmente en el cierre del blíster, el tipo de sellado, la duración, el personal implicado y la velocidad de elaboración.La selección del SPD depende fundamentalmente del volumen previsto y características del paciente. En general, para una farmacia que desee iniciarse se recomienda un SPD manual no reutilizable por la facilidad de manejo y coste mínimo. En función del nivel de elaboración y las disponibilidades de inversión, podría plantearse un SPD semiautomático. Los robots deberían reservarse para grandes volúmenes de elaboración por suponer una inversión elevada difícilmente amortizable para el actual nivel medio de elaboración de las farmacias españolas.