bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The psychological responses of amateur riders to their horses’ injuries
Authors: Davies E. , James S.
Published: June 2018

Equestrian sport is considered a high-risk environment for equine injury. Due to the close bond between horse and rider, it could be theorised that riders may be impacted psychologically by their horses’ injuries, as seen in athletic pairs and with companion animal ownership. The extensive time commitment and responsibility of care within equestrian sport means that horse riders’ day-to-day life is impacted in a way not seen in other sporting or leisure environments, thus providing a unique opportunity to investigate the psychological responses of riders to their horse’s injury. The aims of this study were to investigate the psychological responses that amateur riders experienced when their horses were injured. 308 amateur horse riders (16 male and 292 female, median age 25-30 category) completed the Psychological Response to Sport Injury Inventory (19-item) (PRSII) and questions regarding demographics, investment in equestrian sport, the horse’s injury and the length of rehabilitation. Devastation was significantly affected by the weekly time investment of riders (H(3)=8.255, P=0.041) and the length of ownership prior to the injury (H(2)=7.690, P=0.021). ‘Devastation’, ‘feeling cheated’, ‘restlessness’ and ‘isolation’ were all significantly affected by the length of rehabilitation for the horse (H(7)=70.825, P=0.000, H(7)=37.799, P=0.000, H(7)=37.799, P=0.004, and H(7)=27.486, P=0.000, respectively). These findings suggest that amateur horse riders are at risk of psychological distress when their horse becomes injured. Whilst the industry has developed strategies to support owners following euthanasia which are already in place, psychological support following horse injury may be necessary to buffer psychological ‘devastation’ within amateur horse owners.
Autonomous Learning as a Transformative Experience
Authors: Miles David A.
Published: June 2018

Andrological processes comprise many facets in the overall learning experience, including, but not limited to, the field of self-directed learning. Self-directed learning itself is a broad field of study, but a particular subset of self-directed learning—autonomous learning—provides a potentially transformative process that higher education scholars, practitioners, and professionals can utilize successfully. Autonomous learning is related to the psychological underpinnings of self-directed learning. This chapter details how these psychological concepts can be utilized as a practical tool for experiential transformation.
Andragogy, Culture, and Adult Learning Worldviews
Authors: Peltz David P.
Published: June 2018

Adults differ from children in the ways they learn. This is not only due to the fact they have more experiences to relate to but also due to the motivations behind why they are learning. So why do so many teachers, trainers, and professionals teach courses and provided training to adults in the same manner as if they were teaching children? This discourse explores the adult learning construct of andragogy, applications of different andragogical approaches, and challenges and considerations of andragogy. It also briefly describes a quantitative andragogical scale that was developed, which may provide a useful tool to an otherwise qualitative concept. Finally, the chapter provides several adult learning worldview overviews to be used considered in conjunction with the application of andragogy to potentially increase andragogical effectiveness.
Ushering Transformative Change
Authors: Mthembu Ntokozo
Published: June 2018

The aim of this chapter is to deliberate on the possibilities of transformation in the education system in relation to the pervasiveness of neo-liberalism that promotes the marginalization of indigenous knowledge systems of countries in the “global South.” From 2006 to 2009 various policies were configured in recognition of the rights for social equality and the development of an inclusive education system in the country. However, the delay in the transformation of the education system has erupted into protest activities by students at some academic institutions in the country – the # Fees Must Fall and the Decolonising of curriculum campaigns. The transformative learning theory will be used in this instance to explore the limits of a compensatory education system in relation to the current pathological social settings associated with manifesting the expected changes in the learning sphere. This chapter is a baseline analysis of the scope of possibilities of a multicultural perspective in this regard.
Big Data Analytics in Healthcare Sector
Authors: Sheik Abdullah A.  , Selvakumar S.  , Parkavi R.  , Suganya R.  , Abirami A. M.
Published: June 2018

The importance of big data over analytics made the process of solving various real-world problems simpler. The big data and data science tool box provided a realm of data preparation, data analysis, implementation process, and solutions. Data connections over any data source, data preparation for analysis has been made simple with the availability of tremendous tools in data analytics package. Some of the analytical tools include R programming, python programming, rapid analytics, and weka. The patterns and the granularity over the observed data can be fetched with the visualizations and data observations. This chapter provides an insight regarding the types of analytics in a big data perspective with the realm in applicability towards healthcare data. Also, the processing paradigms and techniques can be clearly observed through the chapter contents.
International Diversified Portfolio Optimization With Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Bayramoglu Mehmet Fatih , Basarir Cagatay
Published: June 2018

Investing in developed markets offers investors the opportunity to diversify internationally by investing in foreign firms. In other words, it provides the possibility of reducing systematic risk. For this reason, investors are very interested in developed markets. However, developed are more efficient than emerging markets, so the risk and return can be low in these markets. For this reason, developed market investors often use machine learning techniques to increase their gains while reducing their risks. In this chapter, artificial neural networks which is one of the machine learning techniques have been tested to improve internationally diversified portfolio performance. Also, the results of ANNs were compared with the performances of traditional portfolios and the benchmark portfolio. The portfolios are derived from the data of 16 foreign companies quoted on NYSE by ANNs, and they are invested for 30 trading days. According to the results, portfolio derived by ANNs gained 10.30% return, while traditional portfolios gained 5.98% return.
Global Narratives in Asian Countries
Authors: Çakın Ömer
Published: June 2018

In recent years, transmedia storytelling has gained a new dimension along with developing technologies. In Central Asian countries, where local values are strongly observed, the extent of local values' impact on transmedia storytelling has been a considerable dispute. In this chapter, the application of the concept of transmedia storytelling and transmedia narratives in advertising campaigns in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan was explored. In the theoretical part of the research, the application of transmedia storytelling and transmedia narrative in narrative advertisements was examined. In the practical part of the research, a qualitative research was carried out to investigate the advertising campaigns realized in the framework of transmedia storytelling in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. In the survey of established advertising campaigns, the implementation form of a transmedia narrative has been examined, and evaluated through the transmedia narrative perspective.
Playing With the Dead
Authors: Donald Iain , Austin Hailey J.
Published: June 2018

This chapter discusses the theory and practice of transmedia narratives within the storyworld created by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore and Charlie Adlard's comics series The Walking Dead. It examines key aspects from the comics series and AMC's adaptive television franchise to consider how both have been utilized and adapted for games. Particular focus will be paid to Telltale Games' The Walking Dead, Gamagio's The Walking Dead Assault and Terminal Reality's The Walking Dead: Survival Instinct. The chapter explains the core concepts of transmedia narratives as they relate to The Walking Dead, places the games in the context of both the comics and television franchise, examines the significance of commercial and grassroot extensions and considers the role gaming and interactive narratives have within rich storyworlds. In examining The Walking Dead as a transmedia property, the authors demonstrate how vast narratives are adopted, modified and transformed in contemporary popular culture.
Tron and Tron Legacy, Flight Lines of Reality
Authors: Tuğran Filiz Erdoğan , Tuğran Aytaç Hakan
Published: June 2018

This chapter describes how technology, progressing rapidly, and especially computer technology has become an indispensable detail in daily life. The act of playing games starting to become virtual has emerged as a progress. In these early years, when the line between place and space has started to become thinner and people began to recognize the lines of flight between the real world and the virtual world, the movie “Tron” made an attempt to explain this possibility of transitivity. 28 years after the first movie, the sequel “Tron Legacy” emphasizes that this possibility still exists. The individual, in this sea of possibilities, comes and goes between place and space and becomes distant to their temporal context, digitalized and goes through deterritorialization. The narrative of the fictional world, the game world in this fictional world, the real world and the game field in the real world will be discussed in terms of transmedia, and some assumptions will be put forward through people and therefore, the deterritorialization of the media.
Transmedia and the Vagueness of Narrative Structure
Authors: Oktan Ahmet
Published: June 2018

This chapter focuses on the types of transformations that transmedia applications cause on the narrative structure of motion pictures and television series. Since different methods are used to construct the story as a transmedia narrative in different films or series, as many works as possible are included in the study to make more accurate determinations. In this context, examples of Star Trek, The Godfather, The Matrix, Star Wars, Harry Potter, The Hunger Games, Shrek, Madagascar, Lost, Game of Thrones, Medcezir, and Vatanım Sensin have been examined in terms of their narrative structure. In these works, the condition of the parts constituting the story universe compared to the main narrative, the elements that enable the construction of new narratives related to the main narrative in different media, fictionalization of the elements such as story lines, characters, spaces, atmosphere, and sound, the methods that are used for the transition among stories, etc. have been examined.
Transmedia Storytelling as a Corporate Communication Strategy and Its Effect on Corporate Culture
Authors: Akbayır Zuhal
Published: June 2018

In this study, transmedia storytelling is considered as a corporate communication instrument. The aim of the study is to question the impact of the use of transmedia storytelling in corporate communication on the corporate culture. The study, which uses literature analysis and case studies, emphasizes that concepts such as participation, collaboration, symmetrical communication, and dialogue play an important role in the formation of strong corporate cultures through transmedia storytelling in the new corporate communication scene created by new communication environments.
The Resistance of Memories and the Story of Resistance
Authors: Dilber Fadime
Published: June 2018

This study focused on the relationship of cross-media and social movements. The role of the new media in social mobility has gained a universal qualification though not directly but with the function as a communication platform between individuals by informing and guiding them all. Coup attempt on July 15, 2016 is one of the most important events in the history of the Republic of Turkey. In this coup attempt, the media, contrary to other coups, moved with the people who went out to the streets as an anti-coup. President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan invited the public to social movement by using the mass media and new media in the prevention of the coup attempt of July 15th. When the attitude of the national media is supported by citizens and mass media, new media and those struggling against the coup have gained strength and helped to make the coup attempt unsuccessful. This chapter examines the story structure of struggle exhibited against the July 15 coup attempt in the transmedia.
To Think Future of Journalism With Virtual Reality
Authors: Şener Nihal Kocabay
Published: June 2018

The neutrality that is accepted among the journalism principles is very unlikely when it comes to the practice. Journalism, which started with writing, has become one of the fields that benefit from the technological possibilities to fulfill the objectivity and truth transfer criteria. The picture has been featured in the news transmission so that the photographer can see the actual use of the video later on and can testify to the story. Today, the latest development in the field of journalism of developing technology is the application of virtual reality. Virtual reality, a new application area in reporting yet, will bring many arguments. Ethical issues, reality formation, impartiality, a new visual experience are some of these discussion areas. In this study, it is aimed to investigate new discussion topics which will be brought to the field of journalism while discussing how and with what kind of news the virtual reality application which opens a new field in the journalism.
Student Perceptions of Online vs. Face-to-Face Learning in Criminal Justice
Authors: Godoy Alicia Marie , Pfeffer Rebecca
Published: June 2018

This chapter provides an overview of the findings from a study of students at a four-year university who were surveyed about their experiences learning in both online and face-to-face modalities. While some students reported perceived equitableness between their experiences in online and face-to-face classes, there were some findings that demonstrated the need for further inquiry. Of note, the majority (61%) of students indicated that they learned more or much more in face-to-face classes than online. Students in online classes were also much less likely to make use of faculty office hours or, in some cases, to even have contact with their professors at all. This chapter concludes with a discussion of the ethical issues corresponding to the disparity between online and traditional learning modalities.
Learning Behavioral Differences Among Students and Ethical Issues in a University Cloud Classroom System
Authors: Liu Zhi , Liu Hai , Zhang Hao , Liu Sannyuya
Published: June 2018

In a private learning environment, each learner's interactions with course contents are treasured clues for educators to understand the individual and collective learning process. To provide educators with evidence-based insights, this chapter intends to adopt sequential analysis method to unfold learning behavioral differences among different groups of students (grade, subject, and registration type) in a university cloud classroom system. Experimental results indicate that sophomores undertake more learning tasks than other grades. There are significant differences in task-related and self-monitoring behaviors between liberal arts and science learners. Registered learners have higher participation levels than non-registered ones. Meanwhile, a user study aiming to analyze students' learning feelings indicates that a fraction of students have dishonest behaviors for achieving a good online performance. Finally, this study discusses behavioral ethical issues emerged in cloud classroom, which deserve the attention of educators for regulating and optimizing the online learning process of students.
Digital Privacy Across Borders
Authors: Robertson Lorayne P. , Leatham Heather , Robertson James , Muirhead Bill
Published: June 2018

This chapter examines digital privacy and key terminology associated with the protection of online personal information across two countries and through an education lens. The authors raise awareness of the identified risks for students as their online presence grows. The authors highlight some of the potential consequences of a lack of awareness of the risks associated with sharing information online. They outline the obligations of multiple parties (from the vendor to the end user) when students use online apps, including the teachers and parents who want to protect students' digital privacy. Employing policy analysis and a comparative approach, they examine federal, national, and local legislation, as well as curriculum responses to this issue in the USA and Canada. When the authors compare federal policy responses from these two countries, they find that they differ in instructive ways. The chapter concludes with a focus on risk abatement, including solutions and recommendations.
Leadership, Public Values, and Trust in Emergency Management
Authors: Eneanya Augustine Nduka
Published: June 2018

In today's environment, emergency managers get things done through team leadership. Good leaders know how to follow others when the situation calls for it. Being the right kind of leader is critical to getting committed and engage followers. The chapter argues that managers build trust into decision making during emergencies; when managers set up the right conditions for the team to thrive, it results a better outcome. The chapter further argues that when managers share information both up and down the chain of command and make their intention clear about what winning looks like, team members are able to use their own discretion and make decisions that support the mission. The chapter concludes that an effective expression of the manager's intent must be clear and concise of what the team must do to succeed and achieve the desired end state. The manager must build trust in decision making among the team to achieve better results.
Cyber Threats in Civil Aviation
Authors: Nobles Calvin
Published: June 2018

Civil aviation faces increased cybersecurity threats due to hyperconnectivity and the lack of standardized frameworks and cybersecurity defenses. Educating the civil aviation workforce is one method to enhance cyber defense against cyber-attacks. Educating the workforce will lead to initiatives and strategies to combat cyber-attacks. Private and public entities need to remain aggressive in developing cyber defense strategies to keep pace with the increasing vulnerabilities of hyperconnectivity. Areas that require immediate attention to safeguard against cybersecurity threats in civil aviation are: 1) Eliminating supply risks, 2) Upgrading legacy systems, 3) Mitigating technological aftereffects, 4) Increasing cybersecurity awareness, 5) Developing cybersecurity workforce, 6) Managing hyperconnectivity, and 7) Leveraging international entities. To safeguard civil aviation infrastructure from cybersecurity threats require assertive, coordinated, and effective strategies and capabilities to defend the network.
Planning for a Disaster
Authors: Cowick Carmen , Cowick Jeff
Published: June 2018

In this paper the authors discuss what a disaster plan entails and the steps that need to be taken for an institution to create such a plan, including taking advantage of all the new opportunities to provide a more comprehensive disaster plan through new technologies such as mobile applications, cloud storage and online reference tools. A disaster is a sudden change of situation, because of this, the planning for such an event needs to be done well ahead of time so that adequate training can be implemented and the response to the disaster can be quick and effective. As much as apathy, avoidance and lack of resources can be excuses as to why we have not created an institutional disaster plan, being prepared and trained to handle the different types of emergency disasters that can befall a library or archive is the best way to ensure that the materials will remain protected and the damage done to them in the case of an actual disaster is minimized. The steps outlined in this chapter will help any library or archive in the creation of a successful disaster plan and help them understand why some disaster plans fail.
System Dynamics Base-Model of Humanitarian Supply Chain (HSCM) in Disaster Prone Eco-Communities of India
Authors: Bhushan Sanjay
Published: June 2018

Humanitarian Supply Chain is central to the capacity building in the eco-communities which are located in the disaster prone regions. In this study, an attempt has been made to develop a system dynamics model of humanitarian supply chain in order to capture causal dynamics and inter linkages within the system under investigation and suggest some critical intervention strategies for enhancing overall performance. An economic sub-sector base model for the Indian tribal communities has been calibrated and used for simulation analysis as a reference case-study. Conclusion & Results: It has been established through the simulation results that the success of short-term relief work lies in the long-term capacity building and, is critical to the performance of both current and future humanitarian operations and programs. The scenarios studied in this paper are with respect to those crucial decision environments and their underlying complexities which create an inherent endogenous dynamics perpetuated by various stakeholders giving functional response towards the humanitarian supply chain.
Development of an Emergency Response Management Using Mobile Devices for Hospital Infrastructures Affected by Power Grid Failures
Authors: Attia Safa , Boubetra Abdelhak , Saoud Manel Saad
Published: June 2018

In the case of a partial or general power blackout in a hospital infrastructure, the most important issue becomes how to secure at maximum the patients' lives, especially those who are depending on electrical systems. In this paper, a novel web mobile-based evacuation support system has been developed. The proposed solution is consolidated by the improvement of several parameters such as communication quality, prioritization, staffing management and coordination. To evaluate the performance of the proposed solution, real tests were conducted in a hospital. The results showed that the proposed evacuation support system, compared to the classical solutions, is more efficient in terms of the actions execution time reduction and the information quality improvement.
Challenges Facing Humanitarian Logistics in a Nonprofit Organization
Authors: Baporikar Neeta , Shangheta Liina Bibi
Published: June 2018

Global and sudden disasters like earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes and epidemics and slow-onset disasters like droughts, floods and famines contribute significantly to increasing vulnerability and humanitarian needs in the world. Since 2008, Namibia has experienced recurrent floods and droughts that have affected 60 percent population. The overall problem in disaster relief is poor support for logistics. Thus, the purpose of this article is to evaluate the challenges faced by humanitarian logistics during disaster relief operation and examine strategies to overcome them for a non-profit organization (the Red Cross Society) in Namibia. The study adopts a quantitative, descriptive research design. With 25 employees, non-probabilistic sampling using a convenience sampling technique, the sample size is 21 (84%). The findings reveal critical challenges like proper sourcing relief supply, resources, transportation problems and difficulties in identifying initial relief requirement, which leads to difficulties delivering effective and efficient services to the affected areas.
Preparing for Refugee Exodus in Crisis
Authors: Denham Magdalena , Vautrain Scott
Published: June 2018

Using macro-, exo-, meso-, and micro-level framework for assessing interdependencies in crisis management system in Poland, this chapter addresses expansion of planning and preparedness to novel hazards and threats such as precipitated mass movements of populations due to environmental changes. The Ukrainian refugee crisis served as backdrop for Poland's crisis management system testing. Benefits of planning and preparedness for mass displacements highlighted (a) an emerging all-hazard approach to crisis management, (b) proactive threat identification and assessment, (c) issuance of acts, laws, and regulations based on novel threats, (d) comprehensive multi-jurisdictional exercises, and (e) increasing importance of mutual aid agreements.
Application of Conventional Data Mining Techniques and Web Mining to Aid Disaster Management
Authors: Kumar Akshay , Mukherjee Alok Bhushan , Krishna Akhouri Pramod
Published: June 2018

Data mining techniques have potential to unveil the complexity of an event and yields knowledge that can create a difference. They can be employed to investigate natural phenomena; since these events are complex in nature and are difficult to characterize as there are elements of uncertainty involved in their functionality. Therefore, techniques that are compatible with uncertain elements can be employed to study them. This chapter explains the concepts of data mining and discusses at length about the landslide event. Further, the utility of data mining techniques in disaster management using a previous work was explained and provides a brief note on the efficiency of web mining in creating awareness about natural hazard by providing refined information. Finally, a conceptual framework for landslide hazard assessment using data mining techniques such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Fuzzy Geometric Mean Model (FGMM), etc. were chosen for description. It was quite clear from the study that data mining techniques are useful in assessing and modelling different aspects of landslide event.
From Reactive to Proactive Use of Social Media in Emergency Response
Authors: Boersma Kees , Diks Dominique , Ferguson Julie , Wolbers Jeroen
Published: June 2018

This chapter examines the introduction and implementation of the pilot project Twitcident in an emergency response room setting. Twitcident is a web-based system for filtering, searching and analyzing data on real-world incidents or crises. Social media data is seen as important for emergency response operations: it can be used as an ‘early warning monitoring system' to detect social unrest, and for improving common operational pictures (COPs). This chapter shows that the expectations on the functioning of the tool were not fully met: first it was hard for the response room professionals to make sense of the data and second, the management did not develop a proper project planning. The recommendations are twofold. On the one hand, the professionals who work with Twitcident must invest in developing new information management routines. On the other hand, the response room management needs to create a much more inclusive project learning strategy.
GIS Based Interoperable Platform for Disaster Data Exchange Using OGC Standards and Spatial Query
Authors: Abburu Sunitha
Published: June 2018

Accurate, speedy and interoperable information exchange among the stakeholders achieve effective rescue and relief operations in an emergency. The current research work aims at location-based real time or near real time disaster data gathering and accumulation. The dynamic disaster data is integrated with the static geospatial data to facilitate spatial analytics and disseminate the integrated data through OGC web services to various stakeholders for further processing by different expert domain applications. The research work also facilitates spatio-temporal querying system through Geo-query, and OLAP operations on integrated disaster data with geospatial visualization. The design and implementation of the work is achieved through a mobile application integrated with a GIS based web portal by a centralized remote server. The entire architecture has been tested by implementing in an emergency situation and facilitated by an effective interoperable information exchange and spatio-temporal queries.
Social Media and Disasters
Authors: Gray Briony J. , Weal Mark J , Martin David
Published: June 2018

Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to online practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviours, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper firstly conceptualizes a range of recent literature through inductive coding and proposes a new conceptual framework of current social media uses. Secondly, the framework is applied to a case study of a multi-hazard disaster: which are predicted to grow in severity and frequency due to climate change, alongside increased habitation of at-risk zones. Storm Desmond 2015 has been selected. Snowball sampling is used to identify networks of interest, and thematic analysis used to track changes in Twitter content over time. Web accessibility and information reliability issues are presented and discussed.
M-Government for Emergency Notifications
Authors: Joseph Rhoda C. , Lee Roderick L.
Published: June 2018

This study examines the use of mobile devices for the delivery of emergency notifications to end users from a mobile government (m-government) perspective. The study is informed by the task-technology fit model, technology acceptance models, and the literature on emergency management. Our findings indicate that the task, technology, behavioral, and to a lesser extent situational characteristics affect the use of m-government for the delivery of emergency notifications. Additional themes of equity and dependence emerge as relevant to user perceptions. This paper contributes to the m-government literature by examining and presenting findings relevant to emergency management and provides insights on the user perceptions of m-government for emergency notifications. This study also has implications for all levels of government including local, state, and federal. Lastly, as mobile technology use grows in the public domain this type of study advances the goal of using information and communications technologies (ICTs) to benefit human well-being.
A Cloud-Based Approach for Cross-Management of Disaster Plans
Authors: Gamoura Samia Chehbi
Published: June 2018

With the democratization of Data management through Big Data and Cloud Computing, and the proliferation of business lines into complex networks, industries are ever more subject to disasters than ever. It is practically impossible to forecast their happening and degree of damages. Consequently, companies try to collaborate in integrating risk management in their information systems against downtimes. This chapter addresses this problem by outlining and discussing insights from the extensive literature review to produce a generic approach for cross-management. A set of prerequisites of disaster planning is also provided with comparative analysis and arguments. The proposed approach is focused on risk assessment methodology based on Fuzzy Cognitive Map. The method is able to aggregate all assessment variables of the whole stakeholders involved in the business network. The key findings of this study aim to assist enterprises in improving risk readiness capability and disaster recovery. Finally, we indicate the open challenges for further researches and an outlook on our future research.
A Semi-Automated Content Moderation Workflow for Humanitarian Situation Assessments
Authors: Link Daniel , Ling Jie , Hoffjann Jannik , Hellingrath Bernd
Published: June 2018

Although online social media has been recognized as a source of information that is potentially relevant for humanitarian organizations, it remains to demonstrate positive impact. The authors argue that relevant information isn't yet incorporated effectively into decision-making because the key role of humanitarian situation assessment experts and their methodologies hasn't been sufficiently recognized and incorporated into information systems design. In particular, the authors focus on the content moderation process (i.e. on examining, correcting and enriching data and controlling its dissemination) and argue that existing systems, which often follow a human-is-the-loop approach, either lack automation support or flexibility. In contrast, they present an interactive, semi-automated content moderation workflow and an instantiating prototype that follows the human-is-the-loop approach and centers on assessment experts. The evaluation of the new system practitioner interviews and serious games suggests that it offers good compatibility with experts' work practices, moderation quality and flexibility.
Smart Technologies for Emergency Response and Disaster Management
Authors: T Kavitha , S Saraswathi
Published: June 2018

Disasters are the convergence of hazards that strikes a vulnerable community which is insufficient to withstand with its adverse effects and impact. Completely avoiding natural or anthropogenic disaster is not possible but its impact can be minimized by generating timely warning. The real-time earth observation is very important for generating such early warning. The earth observation is improving through the advancement in remote sensing technologies. Sensing technology provides real time monitoring and risk assessment. It helps in fast communication of an event occurrence. Disaster detection in urban areas is greatly improved by using remote sensing techniques. This chapter discus various devices used for real time earth monitoring of disaster events like Flood, Tsunami, Tornadoes, Droughts, Extreme Temperatures, Avalanches and Landslide. These devices gather information by continuous monitoring in their deployed location. The sensor information thus gathered must be communicated and processed to extract the disaster information.
ICT and Disaster Management
Authors: Vikas
Published: June 2018

ICT-mediated public administration is a governance motive in this digital age. Government of India has embarked upon Digital India and Smart Cities Mission to reform public service delivery and governance in the country. However, the recent Chennai floods and the serious inadequacy of official emergency response system calls in question the ability of government to deliver when it is most needed. Public participation is an avowed objective of all government programmes including the development of smart cities or a digitally empowered India. Chennai Floods and the ensuing people-led disaster response and recovery presents a case where voluntary efforts steered disaster management through use of social media as official mechanisms failed. Based on secondary sources, this paper discusses the social media use in Chennai floods disaster and deduces observations for effective social media integration and public participation in governance through proactive government-led intervention.
Promoting Resiliency in Emergency Communication Networks
Authors: Bartolacci Michael R. , Dimitrov Stanko
Published: June 2018

Police, fire, and emergency personnel rely on wireless networks to serve the public. Whether it is during a natural disaster, or just an ordinary calendar day, wireless nodes of varying types form the infrastructure that local, regional, and even national scale agencies use to communicate while keeping the population served safe and secure. In this article, Michael R. Bartolacci and Stanko Dimitrov present a network interdiction modeling approach that can be utilized for analyzing vulnerabilities in public service wireless networks; subject to hacking, terrorism, or destruction from natural disasters. They develop a case study for wireless networks utilized by the sheriff's department of Miami-Dade County in Florida in the United States. Finally, the authors' modeling approach—given theoretical budgets for the “hardening” of wireless network nodes and for would-be destroyers of such nodes—highlights parts of the network where further investment may prevent damage and loss of capacity.
Multi-Agent Simulation Collision Avoidance of Complex System
Authors: Chennoufi Mohammed , Bendella Fatima , Bouzid Maroua
Published: June 2018

In this work, we present a collision avoidance technique for a crowd robust navigation of individuals in evacuation which is a good example of a complex system. The proposed algorithm is inspired from the Reynolds model, with the addition of several individuals' behavioral criteria as well as a microscopic perception of the environment, which affects their travel speeds and emerging appeared phenomena. Our system is modeled by agent and tested by a Netlogo simulation, several modules such as A* planning, physical and psychological factors of agents have been programmed and successfully inserted into a 3D environment. Our application can be used as a framework to simulate real situations (evacuation of a stadium, a building...) in order to arrive at strategies to decision support of a complex system, which is a real problem in our daily life.
Shortcomings and Successes
Authors: Jones Ashley
Published: June 2018

Through the presentation of a case study, this chapter will address the lessons learned from a small scale, anthropogenic water disaster that occurred in the stacks area of Miami University's Wertz Art and Architecture Library. The purpose of this chapter is to assess the shortcomings and the successes of the incident response, and to show how even small-scale disasters can highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of a disaster plan. Key lessons learned include the importance of an updated and usable disaster plan; the importance of clear communication before, during, and after an event; and the importance of developing a good relationship with outside responders. Recommendations and solutions taken by MU Libraries are also discussed.
Mapping Sustainable Tourism Into Emergency Management Structure to Enhance Humanitarian Networks and Disaster Risk Reduction Using Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) Initiatives in Himalayan States
Authors: Panwar Naveeta , Uniyal Dikshit , Rautela Krishna Singh
Published: June 2018

The overall aim of the paper is to analyze supply chain performance in humanitarian context, in aligning with PPP interventions for Himalayan States. A preliminary Framework for Performance evaluation of private and public actors, with seven constructs has been formulated viz. Mutual Coordination; Risk Management; Organizational Structure; Humanitarian Operational Assessment; Service Quality; Operation Flexibility; Humanitarian Logistics cost has developed for Humanitarian operations in Himalayan region. Five Hypotheses were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results show that PPP efficacy in humanitarian logistics enhances the sustainability of local economy. Implementation of Public Private Partnership (PPP) as a new strategy in managing disaster, the study suggest that they should complement each other with certain characteristics such as: (1) Mutual Coordination; (2) Shared Risk and Profits/ Benefits; and (3). Organizational Arrangement and it should also support the sustainability of Tourism industry.
E-Solidarity and Exchange
Authors: Plascencia David Ramírez , Plascencia Jorge Ramírez
Published: June 2018

Between October 24 and 25 in 2015, Mexico faced the strongest hurricane ever registered in the Western Hemisphere, which reached a record of 200 mph (325 km/h) of maximum sustained winds. In spite of pessimist predictions about the final outcome of this natural disaster, at the end, it degraded itself into a tropical storm when landing in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The present research stands in a data collecting process from social media during two moments: a) throughout the happening and b) after the incident. It collected not only information and comments generated in federal and local governmental public profiles but in civil organizations and private user profiles as well. This paper describes how social media helped not only to socialize public information in order to prevent danger but it also served as a link between governmental dependencies and civil society to support affected communities after the event.
Internally Displaced Persons and Emergency Management in Nigeria
Authors: Attoh Franca Chitoh
Published: June 2018

Internally displaced persons (IDPs) are men, women, and children who are uprooted from their ancestral homes as victims of natural disaster or manmade occurrences for reasons often beyond their control and comprehension. The Boko-Haram insurgency in the North-East of Nigeria has caused over two million Nigerians to be internally displaced. The crisis has created management problems for the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) due to paucity of funds. Secondary data and human needs theory were used for the analysis. The incessant use of improvised electronic devices has created a security lacuna in the IDPs camps, which have become targets for terrorists. The concomitant is confidence deficit between the IDPs and NEMA resulting in accusations of neglect and corruption. The chapter concludes that the failure to manage IDPs is tantamount to human rights abuse and security lapse.
Overpopulation and Its Association With Natural Disasters
Authors: Kaushik Geetanjali , Patil Satish S. , Singhal Poonam , Chel Arvind L.
Published: June 2018

With a population of over a billion, India is facing the challenges of overpopulation is making the country prone to natural disasters. focus of this chapter is the Indian Tsunami which occurred on 26th December 2004 in the Cuddalore district of State of Tamil Nadu and caused massive loss of life and devastation of property. From this case study it is evident that the first priority for India is to control its population growth so that the environment is protected from the adverse effects of overexploitation. Next is to establish a warning system which covers both its coasts on the east and west side and can readily alert the inhabitants with regard to a potential tsunami. Community based tsunami education, proper consideration to local culture during recovery and resettlement of communities, addressing basic issue of earthquake safety in buildings and establishment of a buffer zone on coast, all these measures would help in minimizing the impact of tsunami waves.
The Library as Lifeboat
Authors: Mabe Michael R.
Published: June 2018

According to Hurricane Katrina: Lessons Learned (2006), emergency management professionals realized first-hand that preplanning and coordination is essential when mounting an effective reaction to natural disasters. This chapter describes how leaders in Chesterfield County, VA learned similar lessons in 2001 during Hurricane Irene. In comparison to Katrina the amount of damage caused by Irene was minimal but the impact on county leaders was severe. Based on lessons learned during Irene and an unexpected wind storm nine months later, Chesterfield County leaders now include the Chesterfield County Public (CCPL) in their official disaster relief plans. When activated, CCPL will serve as an information hub, double as a daytime relief shelter and participate in mass feeding if necessary. Selected library branches are available to be used as overnight relief shelters for mass care when the activation of a standard sized shelter facility is not warranted. These changes have made a notable difference.
Identifying First Responders Information Needs
Authors: Nunavath Vimala , Prinz Andreas , Comes Tina
Published: June 2018

At the onset of an indoor fire emergency, the availability of the information becomes critical due to the chaotic situation at the emergency site. Moreover, if information is lacking, not shared, or responders are too overloaded to acknowledge it, lives can be lost and property can be harmed. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to identify information items that are needed for first responders during search and rescue operations. The authors use an educational building fire emergency as a case and show how first responders can be supported by getting access to information that are stored in different information systems. The research methodology used was a combination of literature review, fire drills participation, and semi-structured interviews with first responders from different emergency organizations. The results presented are identified information items and an information model.
Disaster Management and Exhibition Loans
Authors: Gibbons Patti
Published: June 2018

Materials on loan to libraries and other cultural heritage institutions are very often historically significant, highly valuable, and frequently irreplaceable, yet traditional disaster management planning literature does not address the additional needs that items loaned for exhibitions present. In the event of an unforeseen incident, this omission leaves loan participants vulnerable to risk and exposed to potential loss. Disaster preparedness and response policies that address risks presented by exhibition loans, and that detail procedures for these materials, can help libraries minimize the potential loss of often prized and high profile borrowed materials in the event of an emergency. The chapter provides information and guidelines on how to address the needs of loaned materials into institutional contingency planning.
Assessing the Interactions Between Native American Tribes and the U.S. Government in Homeland Security and Emergency Management Policy
Authors: Anderson Leigh R.
Published: June 2018

The working relationships between Native American tribes, the states, and the federal government have been strained for centuries. These intergovernmental interactions have led to a fragmented system whose attempt to deliver public service is consistently met with opposition. One area where this has become increasingly evident is within homeland security and emergency management policy. This study used a cross sectional survey to gather information about the beliefs tribes held about the various aspects of their working relationships with states and the federal government within the context of homeland security and emergency management. Analysis of the data revealed that the majority of the intergovernmental relationships that existed between tribes and the U.S. government did not possess the characteristics of an effective working relationship. Evidence also suggests that the intergovernmental relationships were actually having a negative impact on the U.S. government's goal to achieve a unified system of homeland security and emergency management on American soil.
#TerroristFinancing
Authors: Tierney Michael
Published: June 2018

This article describes how the internet has come to play a central role in terrorist financing endeavours. Online channels allow terrorist financiers to network with like-minded individuals, in order to increase support, raise funds, and move wealth across the international system. For instance, the Islamic State, Hezbollah, and other groups have become adept at using these channels to finance their activities. Therefore, increased examination is required of the ways in which terrorists use the internet to raise and move funds. This study assesses some of the current trends and risks associated with online terrorist financing. Some policy options are also outlined, in order to reduce the threat of terrorist financing via the internet moving into the future.