bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Self-Management Intervention for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (CSM-IBD): Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kamp Kendra , Clark-Snustad Kindra , Yoo Linda , Winders Samantha , Cain Kevin , Levy Rona L , Dey Neelendu , Lee Scott , Keefer Laurie , Heitkemper Margaret
Published: April 2023

Background

Despite pharmacological treatment, individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience a variety of symptoms, including abdominal pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Few nonmedical self-management interventions are available for people with IBD. A validated comprehensive self-management (CSM) intervention is effective for patients with irritable bowel syndrome who can have symptoms similar to those of individuals with IBD. We created a modified CSM intervention tailored to individuals with IBD (CSM-IBD). The CSM-IBD is an 8-session program delivered over 8-12 weeks with check-ins with a registered nurse.

Objective

The primary objective of this pilot study is to determine the feasibility and acceptability of study procedures and the CSM-IBD intervention and to evaluate preliminary efficacy on quality of life and daily symptoms for a future randomized controlled trial. Additionally, we will examine the association of socioecological, clinical, and biological factors with symptoms at baseline and response to intervention.

Methods

We are conducting a pilot randomized controlled trial of the CSM-IBD intervention. Participants aged 18-75 years who are experiencing at least 2 symptoms are eligible for inclusion. We plan to enroll 54 participants who will be randomized (2:1) into the CSM-IBD program or usual care. Patients in the CSM-IBD program will have 8 intervention sessions. Primary study outcomes include the feasibility of recruitment, randomization, and data or sample collection, as well as the acceptability of study procedures and interventions. Preliminary efficacy outcome variables include quality of life and symptoms. Outcomes data will be assessed at baseline, immediately post intervention, and 3 months post intervention. Participants in the usual care group will have access to the intervention after study participation.

Results

This project is funded by the National Institutes of Nursing Research and reviewed by the University of Washington’s institutional review board. Recruitment began in February 2023. As of April 2023, we have enrolled 4 participants. We expect the study to be completed by March 2025.

Conclusions

This pilot study will evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a self-management intervention (a web-based program with weekly check-ins with a registered nurse) that aims to improve symptom management in individuals with IBD. In the long term, we aim to validate a self-management intervention to improve patient quality of life, reduce direct and indirect costs related to IBD, and be culturally appropriate and accessible, particularly in rural and underserved communities.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05651542; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05651542

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/46307
Multicomponent composition of sapropels as a basis for perfection of technique and technology of their dehydration
Authors: Dashko Regina , Vlasov Dmitry , Pushina Zinaida , Utenkova Tatiana , Ivanov Sergey
Published: April 2023

Sapropel is natural organic material, which is used in many industries, such as agriculture, medicine, pharmaceutical, manufacture of energy carriers and building materials. However, the widespread use of sapropel is associated with its high hydrophilicity and moisture capacity, leading to technological difficulties with sapropel dehydration to required humidity, depending on its further application. The article discusses various aspects sapropel beneficial application, primarily the advantages of the use of sapropel as a fertilizer for cultivated areas, and for the reclamation of industri-al wastelands and mined lands. As a part of this study, experimental research of the qualitative and quantitative parameters of sapropel of Savelievskoye field of the Yaroslavl region was conducted. Based on the results of this research, the nature of the high hydrophilicity of sapropel of Savelievskoye field and the possibilities of reducing its humidity for the production of fertilizers is revealed.
Features of diagnostic search and experience inthetreatment of chronic urticaria in obese patients withpulmonary pathology
Authors: Kaspruk N.M. , Batranovska S.O.
Published: April 2023

Background. In recent decades, along with the growth of allergic diseases, there has been a progressive increase in the number of people with overweight of varying severity, as evidenced by numerous epidemiological studies. Therefore, both allergies and obesity are among the global problems of modern healthcare due to their high prevalence and medical and social significance. The purpose of the study was analysis of the etiological factors of chronic urticaria (CU) in obese patients with pulmonary pathology, optimization of diagnosis and treatment of CU for further planning of preventive measures. Materials and methods. We examined 250 patients who applied for medical care to the regional clinical hospital in Chernivtsi and had CU associated with pulmonary pathology and obesity. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, a group of 140 patients was formed for further clinical and anamnestic examination: analysis of the anamnesis, determination of the severity of urticaria, assessment of quality of life, control of urticaria symptoms, general clinical laboratory studies, tests for verification of urticaria. Allergy testing was carried out when the patient’s anamnestic data indicated its expediency. The survey was carried out for one month and included a diagnostic period and 3 consultations every 7–10 days. Results. Among the causes of CU in patients with pulmonary disease, drug intolerance and parasitic infection dominate. Polyetiology is observed in 60% of cases. Differences in CU in obese patients are the long-term persistence of urticaria or other elements of the rash, the lack of effectiveness of therapy with the second- and third-generation antihistamines and glucocorticosteroids. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a positive effect of the quinuclidine derivative quifenadine for the treatment of CU in patients with pulmonary pathology and obesity. Complete and significant effects were obtained in 91.43% of patients. The worst results (8.57%) were demonstrated by patients with the etiological significance of chemical factors (including occupational ones), which is associated with more problematic compliance with the elimination regimen in this category of patients.
Functional activity of the adrenal glands in type 2 diabetes patients with different hormonal and metabolic phenotypes
Authors: Prybyla O.V. , Zinych O.V. , Kushnarova N.M. , Kovalchuk A.V. , Shyshkan-Shyshova K.O.
Published: April 2023

Background. Clinical trials showed a number of additional phenotypes of metabolic syndrome. All of them differ in the type of metabolic disorders and the composition of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. Some of phenotypes have a number of clinical and metabolic similarities with endogenous or exogenous hypercorticism syndromes. The purpose was to characterize the functional activity of the adrenal glands in type 2 diabetes depending on the phenotypic features: the degree of general obesity and the level of visceral fat. Material and methods. Our trial included 89 patients with type 2 diabetes (46 men and 43 women) aged 32 to 85 years. The examination included evaluation of anthropometric parameters, body composition by the bioelectrical impedance method, assessment of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, the level of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in blood serum, and the activity of 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) enzyme. Results. Insulin and C-peptide levels were significantly lower in the non-obese group. The cortisol/DHEAS ratio was elevated in both subgroups with high levels of visceral fat as possible marker of imbalance of anabolic and catabolic hormones. In addition, the concentration of the cortisol, measured in the blood serum of the patients after waking up, was within the normal range. However, the average value in both groups was closer to its upper ranges. This may suggest the presence of subclinical hypercortisolism caused by an increased activity of 11β-HSD, which contributes to the local production of cortisol in visceral adipose tissue. Conclusions. The hormonal and metabolic changes that we found in our groups of patients with type 2 diabetes may indicate anabolic-catabolic imbalance, which is manifested both in the features of the topography of adipose tissue and in changes of metabolic processes, i.e. form the special metabolic phenotype with a catabolic or anabolic axis. Detection the subgroups at high risk allows to develop pathogenetic approaches to the most targeted comprehensive correction of existing violations.
Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism as a manifestation of autonomic neuropathy in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus against the background of coronavirus disease. A clinical case
Authors: Pertseva N.O. , Chursinova T.V. , Gryshniakova A.A.
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is often associated with endocrine complications. The article describes a clinical case of the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 after which, for the first time, there was a need for basal-bolus insulin therapy, and secondly, a significant arterial hypotension occurred. The mechanism of damage to β-cells of the pancreas in the patient is debatable. After analyzing the features of diabetes course, we found an acute onset of the disease at the age of 44 years with pronounced hyperglycemia and ketosis, which required insulin therapy. Then for a long time there was no need in insulin therapy, and the patient took metformin, having overweight, no antibodies to β-cell antigens. It is also impossible to exclude the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the secretory function of β-cells of the pancreas. Accordingly, clinical cases are interesting, as their analysis helps to understand not only the mechanism of development and progression of this infection, but also the diagnosis and treatment of its complications. We have described a rare clinical case of the hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism in the patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus after COVID-19 infection. Afeature of the hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism course was the absence of electrolyte disorders in the patient, with severe arterial hypotension, suppression of renin and aldosterone. We believe that the hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism has been associated with the progression of chronic diabetes complications, mainly autonomic neuropathy against the background of COVID-19. To improve the identified disorders, replacement therapy with mineralocorticoids was prescribed. The blood pressure, symptoms of fluid retention and electrolyte levels were monitored when selecting the dose of fludrocortisone. The patient has been under observation for 14 months, the need for fludrocortisone replacement therapy persists to this day. Practicing doctors need to pay attention to the diagnosis of autonomic disorders, which reduce the patients’ quality of life and are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality.
Research on the Role Transformation and Duty Extension of College Student Counselors
Authors: Xiaojun Xie
Published: April 2023

College student counselors are indispensable and important roles in the higher education system, whose responsibilities cover aspects such as psychological health services, academic guidance, career planning, and social adaptation. However, problems such as vague professional role positioning, unclear job scope, and inadequate professional image and quality level have limited the quality and effectiveness of their work. Therefore, it is necessary to explore scientific ways to transform the professional role, improve professional quality, and innovate service models, in order to expand the scope of responsibilities for college student counselors, improve their professional image and quality, and provide more comprehensive, in-depth, and personalized services and support to students, promoting their overall development.
Calculating gross photosynthesis in C3 and C4 metabolisms
Authors: Neto Benjamim Pereira da Costa
Published: April 2023

Photosynthesis is the main metabolic process for guaranteeing life on earth, through energy transfer relationships in the food chain. Studying this magnificent process is an immense privilege for those who have it. Nowadays, the carbon balance has gained a lot of space regarding the photosynthetic characterization of species, but its use can mask the real results of photosynthesis, which by the way is a process of energy production and transport. Therefore, this work aimed to develop a logical reasoning, through simple equations, to calculate the energy produced during the species cycles of C3 and C4 metabolisms, based on the volume of water absorbed and transpired by the plant.
Water Quality Assessment using GIS based Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Methods in Yenagoa Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Rowland Eteh Desmond , Oseji Samuel , Iziegbe Erazua , Claude Osi Nnamdi , Oreikio Abaye Ebinyo
Published: April 2023

The study examined the quality of groundwater in Yenagoa, a metropolitan area, using Geographic Information System (GIS)-based methods such as Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research emphasizes the crucial nature of protecting and managing groundwater quality in this region, as it is vulnerable to contamination. The spatial distribution patterns of groundwater quality in the area are depicted in this article. The physicochemical properties of fifty (50) water samples are directly related to residents' environmental and health status. The physicochemical parameters measured using the American Public Health Association procedure (APHA)—including pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids, sulphate, nitrate, sodium, chloride, and total hardness—were below the limit established by WHO (2011). Iron in most boreholes is found to be above the WHO standard for drinking water. With the help of ArcGIS software, these results were modeled using the inverse distance-weighted method to provide the spatial pattern of groundwater. The spatial distribution map delineates groundwater suitability zones of 55% and unsuitability zones of 45% for groundwater extraction of water points in yenagoa affected by high iron content. As a result, GIS is a powerful tool for making critical decisions in waste management-related issues, such as identifying areas where waste management practices may be deficient and allowing for targeted initiatives to improve waste management practices and reduce waste's negative impact on the ecosystem and public health.
Delineation of Water Quality Aspects Through Water Quality Index Using GIS and Statistical Approach in Faisalabad
Authors: Worogo Hilaire S.S. , Offoumon Thierry O.L.F.
Published: April 2023

Drinking water is essential for life and survival, deterioration of its quality may affect human being at global level. Therefore, monitoring of water quality is essential component for life cycle. For this purpose, a study was carried out in Faisalabad tehsil to monitor the water quality aspects using Water Quality Index (WQI). Six parameters were selected like EC, Turbidity, TDS, Nitrates, Arsenic and Fluorides, their individual effect beyond threshold levels and combined effect on water rating scale was determined using GIS and statistical approach. Thirteen sampling locations were selected to determine the Water Quality Index. Statistical approach provided the maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation of parameters among sampling locations. These parameters were spatially distributed using arc map to provide conversant approach at tehsil level. Relative weights of influencing parameters (Wi), Water quality rating scale (Qi) which is ratio of concentration of parameters in the water sample to standard value of parameters. Combined effect of Wi and Qi provided WQI as rating scale value which was between 22 to 375. After analysis, it determined the water quality as excellent (7.5%), good (23.07%), poor 30.76%), very poor (15.38%) and unfit for drinking purpose (23.07%). It prevailed that water should be filtered or purify before use to avoid hazardous effect on human health.
Exploring the Role of Anti-Oxidant on Growth and Yield of Cotton to Mitigate the Heat Stress
Authors: Sohaib Numan , Arif, Muhammad , Anwar Huma
Published: April 2023

Agriculture experiencing a continuous pressure of food in order to meet the necessities of rising population. The cottonseed used as oilseed as well as a major source of edible oil in Pakistan. Cotton production affected by biotic and abiotic factors. Experiment was done at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan in 2019 to study the effect of foliar application of gibberellic acid (GA), ascorbic acid (AA), citric acid (CA) and a control group in which no antioxidant was used against heat stress. Design used for experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD). In trial cultivar of cotton CIM-610 was used. Experiment was replicated four times. Plot size was 9m (length) x 6m (width) with net plot size of 54 m2 . Statistically significant results among the morphological plus physiological attributes were observed. Almost yield parameters as plant height, nodes per plant buds per plant and bolls per plant have maximum values every month from May to October, sympodial branches (39), boll weight (2.97g), seed cotton yield (3097 kg), ginning out turn (39.133), fiber length (27.33 mm), fiber strength (28.8g tex), 100 seed weight (8.363g), fiber brightness (68.97Rd), micronaire (5.5) and uniformity index (83.48%) were leading in exogenous application of GA then AA, thirdly application of CA. In GA treatment maximum of plant height,bolls per plant, boll weight, monopodial branches and seed cotton yield were seemed. Seed cotton and lint quality yield reduced greatly due to heat stress. Antioxidants application of exogenous can sustain cotton yield and quality against heat stress conditions. Antioxidants of plants gave best results than where no treatment was applied
Comprehensive Application based Waste Management System
Authors: Maurya Siddhartha , Chauhan Akshat , Singh Shubhranshu , NA Mrs. Suvarna
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In the present world, large number of the problems are caused by unhealthy and dirty environments, since all domestic and outside waste is collected manually, there is always the risk of health hazard for workers doing the collecting and cleaning of waste task. For this purpose, a person have to go at dirty environment, putting their lives in danger and also as long as the waste remain on surface, it give rise in the birth of disease causing insects like Mosquito, Cockroaches, bacteria, viruses etc. This is a very significant issue and needs to be handled with utmost urgency. India currently produces 1.45 lakh tones of solid trash everyday, of which 35% is dry waste In Indian scenario the percentage of wet waste is about 60% of total waste. If the segregation of waste is not done properly at source side, then its micro-separation at other side is impossible and the only way to get rid of it is through incineration. If the segregation and degradation is not done properly then it leads to such type of situations. Increase in height of landfills. Air, water and soil pollution. Toxic gas explosion in landfills. Hazardous greenhouse gas emissions. Labour exploitation and Child labour. For this purpose, we are proposing an idea of An Application managed waste collection and segregation system. Therefore, the goal of our idea is to develop a system which will collect the wastes from users home and performs the different segregation processes to filter out different type of waste and also performs the decomposition process for the organic waste only . The mobile app is responsible for taking the data from user and location of waste and give it to responsible authority and also it performs the payment of reward and history of waste collection as per the amount of waste collection from users site.
Continuous Face Authentication in Real Time using Web-Cam
Authors: Magar Rajaram , Wankhede Prathamesh , Sukhdeve Pralay , Bobade Akash , Shende Prof. S. W.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Face authentication is becoming increasingly important for security and identification purposes, but existing systems are often limited by factors such as lighting, facial expressions, and changes in appearance over time. This paper proposes a solution that combines deep learning techniques with adaptive face representation, enabling the system to continuously authenticate the user even in challenging conditions. this research paper also presents a newly developed model for face recognition. The model is based on a deep learning approach that combines convolutional neural networks (CNN) with a recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture. This approach allows the model to not only extract high-level features from facial images, but also to capture temporal dependencies between frames, resulting in a more accurate and robust recognition system. The model was trained and tested on several benchmark datasets, and achieved state-of-the-art performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Overall, The proposed model combines convolutional neural networks with a recurrent neural network architecture, allowing it to extract high-level features and capture temporal dependencies between frames for improved accuracy and robustness. The model was trained and tested on a benchmark dataset, achieving an impressive test accuracy of 100%, as well as a perfect precision, recall, and F1-score. Additionally, the paper compares the results of the proposed model to those of a traditional SVM model, which also achieved a perfect accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The comparison highlights the effectiveness of the proposed approach and demonstrates its potential as a highly reliable and efficient authentication solution.
A Machine Learning Approach for Intrusion Detection
Authors: Mane Prof. Dipali , Chaudhari Chaitanya , Shitole Saurabh , Shaikh Mubin , Sashte Shivam
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Computer networks and virtual machine security are very essential in today’s era. IDS monitors a network or system for malicious action and protects a computer network from unofficial access from users, including perhaps insiders. Various existing systems have already been developed to detect malicious activity on target machines; sometimes any external user creates some malicious behavior and gets unauthorized access to victim machines to such a behavior system considered as malicious activities or Intruder. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are applied in IDS in order to identify and classify security threats. Numerous machine learning and soft computing techniques are designed to detect the activities in real-time network log audit data. KKDDCUP99 and NLSKDD most utilized data sets to detect the Intruder on the benchmark data set. In this paper, we proposed the identification of impostors using machine learning algorithms. Two different techniques have been proposed a signature with detection and anomaly-based detection. The experimental analysis demonstrates SVM, Naïve Bayes, and ANN algorithms with various data sets and demonstrates system performance in the real-time network environment.
Data-Driven Manufacturing: A Paradigm Shift in the Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Kumar Manish , Shatya Manav , Madan Prof. A. K. , Chauhan Manish
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Computer- Aided Manufacturing (CAM) has come an essential tool in the manufacturing assiduity, enabling manufacturers to automate and optimize product processes. The integration of data wisdom and machine literacy ways in CAM has led to significant advancements in manufacturing effectiveness, safety, productivity, and product quality. This paper provides an overview of the operation of data wisdom and machine literacy in CAM, its benefits, challenges, and unborn counteraccusations.
Two Way Sign Language for Deaf and Dumb using Deep Convolution Neural Network
Authors: A K Vishnu Priya , S Jayashri , V Sivanjali , V Sneha , K ThamaraiSelvi
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The goal is to build a bridge between the hearing and hearing-impaired communities and to start two-way communication. Here we propose a two-way sign language translator that translates speech in real time into sign language and vice versa. Each video frame is processed using Python's Open CV Library. Additionally, we use the Gaussian Mixture-based Background/Foreground Segmentation Algorithm to remove the background from each frame. The hearing impaired community will then be more effectively integrated into regular schools thanks to this technology, making education more affordable and available to them.
Crop Water Requirement for Cotton Crop in Unchadi Section Command Area of Shetrunji Right Bank Main Canal using WEAP Model
Authors: Chavda Hiren J. , Gohil Kashyap B.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Crop coefficients and reference crop evapotranspiration must be determined in order to estimate irrigation water requirements for any crop and improve irrigation scheduling and water management. The objective of this study is to evaluate the crop water requirements of cotton using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Method with dual crop coefficients. Meteorological data for the Unchadi Section Command Area of Shetrunji Right Bank Main Canal, such as maximum and minimum temperatures, mean relative humidity, sunlight hours, and wind speed, are used to calculate reference crop evapotranspiration. The MABIA method in WEAP (Water Evaluation And Planning) software uses the dual-Kc approach to calculate crop evapotranspiration or crop water requirement, which is described in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, whereby the Kc value is divided into a ‘basal’ crop coefficient (Kcb) and a separate component (Ke) representing evaporation from the soil surface. The basal crop coefficient represents actual ET conditions when the soil surface is dry but sufficient root zone moisture is present to support full transpiration. Cotton crop water requirement (ETc) using is found about 940.93 mm during the growing season in region. This result can be useful for agricultural planning and efficient irrigation management for cotton cultivation in Unchadi Section Command Area of Shetrunji Right Bank Main Canal.
The Canal Top Solar Power Generation Project
Authors: Sananse Neha , Povekar Snehal , Wagh Anjali , Donde Sayali , Gurani Keerthi , Khadke N. V.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Solar energy is one of the most abundant sources of renewable energy for the future. This solar energy can be uprooted by PV system. Negative environmental impact of reactionary energy consumption highlights the part of renewable energy sources and give them a unique occasion to grow and ameliorate. Among renewable energy sources solar energy attract further attention and numerous studies have concentrated on using solar energy for electricity generation. Then, in this study, solar energy technologies are reviewed to find out the stylish option for electricity generation. Using solar energy to induce electricity can be done either directly and laterally. In the direct system, PV modules are employed to convert solar irradiation into electricity. In the circular system, thermal energy is exercised employing concentrated solar power (CSP) shops similar as Linear Fresnel collectors and parabolic trough collectors. In this design electricity generation in Pune from solar energy by furnishing solar panels on top of conduit is bandied. And we prepare model for the design in Pune. We also bandied about the developments in Pune due to this solar power design and how the electricity is distributed in Pune and how the conduit water is used for agrarian purposes. This solar power generation from the top face of conduit design has several benefits similar as16.2 million units of power generated annually, 90 million liters of water is conserved annually, 25 acres of land conserved, lower algae growth in the conduit water, minimize evaporation from conduit, produce Eco-friendly power using solar panels as a cover and save land
Smart MediBox - Patient Assisting Device
Authors: TM Swetha , T Samyuktha , S Subhiksha , M Pradikssha , D Nithya
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Thanks to the development of pertinent technology, IoT is rapidly advancing in the medical sector. IoMT is a group of healthcare IT systems that are linked to a variety of medical devices for various purposes. IoMT's development has had a significant influence on healthcare in general, but especially for elderly and handicapped patients. In today's fast-paced world, even regular people require assistance with daily tasks. Helping them take their meds consistently each day without skipping a dosage is one such crucial task. The data will be processed depending on dose access by this medication monitoring system. Additionally, scheduling is done based on the patient intake report's expected accessibility. The suggested system combines an improved notification system with event scheduling based on a priority method. Real-time monitoring and a reminder system are built into the Smart Medibox design to remind patients to take their medications on schedule. It includes a cooling module and sensor that are managed by a microprocessor. The alert has information on date, time, and medicine description and may be programmed for taking numerous medications. It is made to be a small, portable gadget that makes it easy to connect to a secure cloud storage for more research. The gadget transfers all of the data to cloud storage whenit is Wi-Fi connected.
Attitude and Perception towards Coffee Consumption Effects: Insights from College Students in Mumbai
Authors: Nair Divya , Shahabuddin Shaikh Tanzim
Published: April 2023

Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. It is highly consumed among many parts of India. Various studies concentrate on the effects of consuming coffee and consumer’s behavior in purchasing products related to coffee. Less studies focus on their effect among college students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the coffee consumption habits and the perception of its effect among college students in Mumbai. The study was performed using convenient sampling method with a sample size of 234 students studying in different colleges from Mumbai. This study collected information about the characteristics of the students participated, coffee intake habits and the perception of its effect on consuming coffee. The majority of the students in this study consume coffee. Using factor analysis, the major factors affecting the consumption of coffee on daily basis was identified. The consumption of coffee was more during their important academic activities such as project work or examination days. Due to the burden of exams, students consume coffee to increase their study hours and academic performance.
Effect of enzymatic hydrolysis and nitrogen on Saccharomyces cerevisiae β-glucan production from Manihot utilissima and Maranta arunadinacea waste
Authors: Gozan Misri A , Sefriana Fita , Yemirta Yemirta , Darmawan Muhammad Arif
Published: April 2023

This experiment utilised cassava (Manihot utillissima) and arrowroot (Maranta arunadinacea) wastes as the medium of propagation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce β-glucan. The amyloglucosidase hydrolysed the waste, followed by fermentation in the nitrogenous medium by S. cerevisiae. The β-glucan pellet was extracted using 2% NaOH alkaline solution at 90°C for 5 hours, followed by a series of centrifugation processes. The highest glucose concentration from hydrolysis resulted from adding 57.5 mg amyloglucosidase enzyme for arrowroot waste with 95.93% conversion and 50 mg enzyme for cassava waste with 64.70% conversion. The highest amount was obtained for producing S. cerevisiae by adding 4.75 g peptone to all samples. The optimum number of cells was obtained at 1.61 x 108 colonies at t = 48 hours for arrowroot waste and 8.55 x 107 colonies at t = 48 hours for cassava waste. For β-glucan production, the highest number was obtained by using 3.99 g of peptone for cassava waste with a yield of 1.20% and by using 4.75 g of peptone for arrowroot waste with a yield of 1.23%. For β-glucan pellet, the highest number was 1.77 g L-1 (0.18 % b/v) from cassava waste medium and 1.91 g L-1 (0.19% b/v) from arrowroot waste. Mutant cells in the Yeast Extract–Peptone–Glycerol (YPG) medium produced 6.56 g L-1 (0.66% b/v) β-glucan pellet, while wild-type cells in the similar medium produced 1.84 g L-1 (0.18% b/v).
Optimasi sistem kultur dan media untuk peningkatan tinggi tunas in vitro kelapa sawit
Authors: Sinta Masna Maya , Saptari Rizka Tamania , Riyadi Imron , Sumaryono Sumaryono
Published: April 2023

Optimization of in vitro shoot growth is necessary to shorten the culture time and produce vigorous oil palm plantlets. This research was conducted to determine the best media and culture techniques to accelerate in vitro shoot growth of oil palm. Shoots of oil palm derived from somatic embryogenesis were grown on DF media with two culture systems (solid medium and double-layer) combined with hormone treatments (0.5-1 mg L-1 giberellin/GA3 and 0.5 mg L-1 Benzyl amino purine/BAP or thidiazuron/ TDZ). Further optimization was conducted using different bottle closures (polypropylene screw caps and plastic wraps) and macronutrients (standard or double concentrations). This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), with each treatment consisting of 5 bottle replications and each bottle consisting of 5 shoots. The results showed that media with double-layer system combined with GA3 (0.5-1 mg L-1) and TDZ (0.5 mg L-1) gave the highest shoot height increment. The use of double-strength macronutrient media combined with screw bottle caps increased shoot height (136-167 %) and decreased shoot tip necrosis (0-24 %). Plastic wrap bottle caps increased shoot tip necrosis (STN), while doubling macronutrients reduced STN. The growth of oil palm shoots began to slow down after 5 weeks of culture. In conclusion, the optimal conditions for in vitro shoot growth of oil palm were at usage of double-layer media added with GA3 0.5-1 mg L-1, TDZ 0.5 mg L-1, and double macronutrients on bottle jars with polypropylene screw caps.
Transformation of DHN1 gene and DHN promoter constructs into sugarcane calli, regeneration of the calli, and acclimatization of the plantlets
Authors: Minarsih Hayati , Fitriyah Fauziatul , Aksa Annisa Aulya , Turhadi Turhadi , Sukmadjaya Deden , Sustiprajitno Sustiprajitno
Published: April 2023

Dehydrin is known to have an important role in plant response and adaptation to abiotic stresses including drought and high salinity. Previous research reported the isolation of the full-length coding sequence (CDS) of DHN1 from sugarcane var. PSJT 941, and it shares a high homology with DHN genes from sorghum and other sugarcane varieties. In this study, the full-length CDS was cloned under the constitutive CaMV35S promoter and transformed into sugarcane calli mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The DHN promoter, Pr-1DHNSo, was also successfully isolated from the sugarcane var. PSJT 941 and cloned into the pBI121 expression vector. The promoter construct was subsequently transformed into sugarcane calli of var. Kidang Kencana. Transgenic sugarcane carrying DHN1 gene and DHN promoter constructs were regenerated according to the standard protocol of sugarcane tissue culture. Optimization of an acclimatization protocol using modified post-rooting media was also conducted and the resulting protocol reduced the total mortality rates of the transformed plantlets. The presence of the gene and promoter constructs was periodically tested by PCR using specific primers. The genotyping results showed that the constructs were present for more than a year after transformation.
Biocontrol activity of endophytic bacteria from cocoa against Phytophthora sp. and Colletotrichum sp.
Authors: Wijaya Grace , Wardani Agustin Krisna , Eris Deden
Published: April 2023

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) are commonly cultivated by farmers, and in some cases, both crops are grown together in intercropping systems. The main pathogen infected cocoa is the Phytophthora sp. fungus, which causes fruit rot, stem cancer, and leaf blight, while Colletotrichum sp. causes anthracnose in chili pepper plants. The ability of endophytic bacteria to inhibit the growth of fungi and bacterial pathogens is well known. In this study, the biocontrol ability of endophytic bacteria against fungal pathogens was tested, and a biocontrol preliminary test was also observed by examining their potential inhibition on Chromobacterium violaceum called antiquorum sensing test. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from cocoa plants, while Phytophthora and Colletotrichum were isolated from cocoa and chili pepper plants that showed symptoms of fruit rot and anthracnose. A total of 34 endophytic bacterial isolates were successfully obtained, with 10 isolates from leaves (DK), 12 isolates from branches (RK), and 12 isolates from roots (KA) of cocoa plant ICCRI 4. Sixteen isolates showed quorum sensing ability, which AHL degradation index ranging from 0.44 – 1.56. Antagonistic tests showed that 11 out of 16 isolates had strong antibiosis against Phytophthora sp., with inhibition zones ranging from 0.6-1.35 cm. Meanwhile, 10 out of 16 isolates had strong antibiotics against Colletotrichum sp., with clear zones ranging from 0.6 – 1.1 cm. The three best endophytic bacterial isolates that had a combination of antiquorum sensing ability on C. violaceum and biocontrol against Phytophthora sp. and Colletotrichum sp. were RK 11, KA 1, and KA 8.

[Keywords: antagonist, ahl lactonase, plant beneficial microorganism]
Pemodelan protein dan analisis molecular docking enzim β-glukanase solat Bacillus subtilis W3.15
Authors: Hanifitri Ainia , Ambarsari Laksmi , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania
Published: April 2023

The β-glucanase enzyme is an enzyme protein that can hydrolyze β-glucan, one of the main components of the fungal cell wall. This enzyme protein is produced by several bacteria, one of which is B. subtilis. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of proteins is necessary to understand their properties and functions of proteins. Enzyme proteins can be analyzed for their structure and function using in silico method. This study aims to detect the β-glucanase gene from B. subtilis W3.15 and analyze it using the in silico method. The methods in this research are homology modeling and molecular docking analyses. Modeling was carried out using the SWISS-MODEL server and docking analysis using the PLANTS 1.1 program. Modeling the β-glucanase enzyme is based on the template of the β-glucanase enzyme protein model with PDB code 3o5s. The results of sequence alignment and model visualization were quite good as indicated by the model having a Ramachandran Plot value in the favored area of 91.10 %, a MolProbity score of 0.95, and a QMEAN value of 0.90 ± 0.06. The β-glucanase enzyme model was then docked using the PLANTS1.1 program with native ligand B3P, 1,4-β-D-Glucan, D-glucose, β-D-Glucan from oats, and N-Acetyl glucosamine. The results of docking analysis showed that the β-glucan ligand (β-D-glucan from oats) used as a substrate in the cultivation of isolate B. subtilis W3.15 had a better binding energy prediction value compared to the B3P ligand, which is a natural ligand in the template proteins.
 
[Keywords: β-Glucan, β-D-Glucan from oat, ligand, PLANTS 1.1, 3D structure, SWISS-MODEL]
Potensi ekstrak kasar metabolit sekunder yang dihasilkan Trichoderma asperellum dan Pseudomonas fluorescens untuk pengendalian antraknosa pada buah kakao
Authors: Matondang Christina Oktora , Muklasin  , Soesanto Loekas
Published: April 2023

Cocoa pod anthracnose is an important disease of cocoa and can reduce yields. Many attempts have been made to control anthracnose rot disease on cocoa pods but have not been successful yet. This study aimed to examine the potency of secondary metabolite crude extracts produced by Trichoderma asperellum and Pseudomonas fluorescens solely or in combination in controlling anthracnose rot disease of cocoa pods in the field at Silo Bonto Village, Asahan Regency, North Sumatera Province. The secondary metabolite crude extracts was prepared by the form of conidia or T. asperellum and P. fluorescens cells. A randomized block design was used to assessed four treatments i.e. T. asperellum + P. fluorescens, T. asperellum, P. fluorescens secondary metabolite crude extracts and control, which was repeated six times. The observation parameters were the percentage of healthy and diseased pods (anthracnose fruit rot). The results showed that the secondary metabolite crude extracts of T. asperellum, P. fluorescens, and T. asperellum + P. fluorescens reduced the number of diseased fruits by 94.71, 89.09, and 92.09% compared to the control respectively. The increasing of  healthy fruits number in the application of secondary metabolite crude extracts of T. asperellum, P. fluorescens, and T. asperellum + P. fluorescens was 52.68, 54.20, and 54.18%, respectively.
The Happiness of Farmers in Tegal Bedug Village, Indramayu District
Authors: Soetikno Naomi , Yesia Mitta , Carlos Youpiter Yohannes , Lyana Hanny , Dwita Aprilia Sarah , Syahputra Harahap Rizky , Maurilla Santoso Naomi
Published: April 2023

Happiness is a form of feeling that every individual expects. The existence of happiness experienced by individuals can impact one's performance and enthusiasm for life. In the village of Tegal Bedug, Indramayu district, the economic condition of the residents as farmers affects the happiness that they feel in their lives. The purpose of this study was to describe the happiness of the residents of Tegal Bedug village who work as farmers. The research method used is a mixed method descriptive design. By using the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, it was found that from 37 farmer participants the level of happiness of the residents of Tegal Bedug village is average. Happiness in Tegal Bedug village is a mix of interaction between its social environment and individual attributes. The main factors that make them happy are health, interaction with family members, and achieving targets. Some who rate their happiness low give negative evaluations of themselves, their environment, and their future. Recognizing the interaction between individual attributes and social and environmental factors is crucial to maximizing the outcome of the intervention and implications in sociological and psychological studies, specifically for farmers in rural areas.
Study the correlation of eosinophils, serum IL-33, total IgE and specific IgE with childhood asthma
Authors: Zhang Ziyi , Liu Di , Dong Gaiqin , Lin Tao , Meng Nannan , Li Xiaojuan , Zhou Haikang , Meng Chuang , Wei Wenping
Published: April 2023

Analyze the expression levels of total IgE, eosinophils, and serum IL-33
in asthmatic and healthy children, and analyze the distribution
characteristics of specific IgE in children with asthma.197 children
with asthma who attended the clinic between October 2021 and October
2022, as well as 117 healthy children who participated in the clinical
examination during the same period were randomly chosen. The
distribution of total IgE, eosinophils and serum IL-33 were detected,
and ROC curves were drawn to analyze their diagnosis value of childhood
asthma. Besides, the characteristics of specific IgE distribution in the
197 children with asthma were also analyzed. The expression level of
total IgE, eosinophils and IL-33 were significantly higher in asthmatic
children than in healthy children. The analysis of specific IgE
indicated that the allergen positive rate of children with asthma was
88.32%, among which 79.42% were multi-allergic. The top three
allergens were: mold (48.22%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus
(44.67%), and dermatophagoides farinae and milk (32.99%).Besides, the
positive rate for inhalant allergens was 78.17%, and it was 57.36% for
food allergens. Results showed that the total IgE, eosinophil
percentage, eosinophil and serum IL-33 count were all significantly
higher in children with asthma than those in healthy children. Analysis
of ROC curves indicated that total IgE, eosinophil count, eosinophil
percentage and serum IL-33 were helpful for the diagnosis of asthma.
However, no significant differences in total IgE and blood eosinophils
were observed between typical asthma and cough allergic asthma.
Moreover, the allergy rate and the percentage of multiple allergies were
high in children with asthma, and the positive rate of inhalant
allergens was higher than that of food allergens. Besides, molds,
dermatophagoides pteronyssinuss and dermatophagoides farinae were the
most three common allergens in children with asthma, and the positive
rate of typical asthma allergens was higher than that of cough variant
asthma.This manuscript reflects our findings that Diagnostic value of
the total IgE, eosinophils and serum IL-33 in childhood
asthma.Besides，we analyze the distribution of allergens in children in
Yangzhou, China.We thereby believe that the data contained in our
manuscript are of importance and will be of interest to the wide
readership of World children asthma.
Differential survival of Staphylococcal species in macrophages
Authors: Wolz Christiane , Bayer Janina , Becker Janna , Liu Xiao , Gritsch Lisa , Daiber Ellen , Korn Natalya , Oesterhelt Filipp , Fraunholz Martin , Weber Alex
Published: April 2023

The human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is considered mainly an
extracellular, opportunistic pathogen, yet the bacterium is able to
survive within and escape from host cells, including macrophages. An
agr/ sae mutant of strain USA300 is unable to escape from
human macrophages but can replicate and survive within macrophages. We
questioned whether such “„non-toxic“” S. aureus resembles the
less pathogenic coagulase-negative Staphylococcal species (CoNS) like
S. carnosus, S. lugdunensis, S. capitis, S.
warneri or S. pettenkoferi. We show that in contrast to the
“„non-toxic“” S. aureus strains, the CoNS species are
efficiently killed within 24 h post-infection in the macrophage-like
THP-1 cells or in human primary macrophages. Bacterial persistence of
“„non-toxic“” S . aureus or CoNS induced IL-1ß release but no
cell-death. Mutations in genes coding for katalase, copprer transport or
the regulatory system GraRS or SigB did not impact bacterial survival in
THP-1 cells. Deletion of the superoxide dismutases sodA and
sodM impaired S. aureus survival in human primary
macrophages but not in THP-1 cells. However, expression of the S.
aureus specific sodM in S. epidermidis was not sufficient
to protect this species from being killed in THP-1 cells. Thus, at least
in those cells better bacterial survival of S. aureus could not
be linked to higher protection from ROS. However, “„non-toxic“”
S. aureus was found to be insensitive to pH, whereas S.
epidermidis was protected when phagosomal acidification was inhibited.
Thus, species differences seem to be linked to different sensitivity to
acidification.