bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORHAN VELİ ŞİİRİNDE JAPON ESTETİĞİ
Authors: Gülcü Melek
Published: March 2020

Modern Türk şiirinin kurucularından
atfedilen Orhan Veli, Türk şiirinin kalıplaşmış bütün değerlerini sarsarak
şiire yepyeni bir yol açmıştır. Şiirin durağanlaşmasına karşı çıkarak yeni bir
forma bürünmesinde, dinamik ve modern bir hüviyet kazanmasında etkili olmuştur.
Klasik Divan şiirini, Türk şiir geleneğini şiddetle reddetmiş, şiiri hece ve
uyağın esaretinden kurtararak özgür bir yapıya kavuşturmuştur. Bu uğurda
yaptığı/yapmayı düşündüğü yenilikleri gerçekleştirmede kendisine geleneksel bir
Japon şiir türü, haiku, rehberlik etmiştir.

Tipik bir Japon şiiri olan haiku[1]; biçimsel olarak 5-7-5
dizeden ve on yedi heceden oluşan dünyanın en kısa şiir türüdür. Kaynağını Zen
ve Taozim’den alan Wabi-Sabi’nin sanatsal anlamda somut bir göstergesi olup kısa,
yalın ve öz anlatımla “an”ı yakalayarak mevsimlerden ve duygulanımdan söz eder.
Gelenekselliğini ve özünü her daim muhafaza etmeyi başarabilen haiku, birçok
merhalelerden geçerek bugüne ulaşmış, sanatı ve estetiği kendi sınırlarını
aşarak bütün dünyada yayılmaya başlamıştır.

Türk şiirinde Japon estetiğinin
yansıması olan haikunun tanıtılmasında, sevilmesinde ve yaygın bir tür olarak
kullanılmasında şüphesiz en etkili isim Orhan Veli’dir. Bu çalışmada haiku şiir
türünün felsefi zeminini oluşturan Wabi-Sabi anlayışı, geçirdiği evreler ve
değişiklikler, Türk şiirindeki izleri açıklanacak nihayetinde Orhan Veli’nin bu
türü tercih etme nedenleri detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirilerek şiirler
çözümlenecek, haiku ile şiirlerin benzer yönleri gözler önüne serilecektir.
İŞLETMELERDE KORKU KÜLTÜRÜ VE YÖNETİMİ
Authors: Kavak Habib , Çelik Mücahit
Published: March 2020

İşletmelerde korku kültürünün bulunması, çalışanlar üzerinde bir baskı oluşturmakla beraber, işgörenlerin davranışlarını da sınırlandırabilmektedir. İş yerlerinde var olan bu korku kültürünün sebeplerini, kaynağını ve olası sonuçlarını öngörebilmek işletmenin varlığını başarılı bir şekilde sürdürebilmesi için hayati bir fayda sağlayabilir. Bu bağlamda ele alınan çalışmamızda korku, korku kültürü ve yönetimi konularından oluşan kavramsal çerçeve tamamlandıktan sonra Adıyaman Organize Sanayisinde bir uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda işletmelerde korku kültürünün çok belirgin bir düzeyde olmamasına rağmen bir korku kültürünün var olduğu ve işgörenlerin korkularını rahat bir şekilde yönetebildikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Completude da Informação “Ocupação” nos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer do Brasil: Bases para a Vigilância do Câncer Relacionado ao Trabalho
Authors: Fornaciari Grabois Marília , Carvalho de Souza Mirian , Mendonça Guimarães Raphael , Barros Otero Ubirani
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A abordagem da ocupação em pacientes com câncer, especialmente de pulmão, de bexiga, leucemias e mesoteliomas, entre outros, pelos profissionais de saúde, e insuficiente e repercute negativamente na busca do nexo causal. Objetivo: Quantificar o percentual de ausência de informação sobre ocupação nos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer do Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico do tipo ecológico. Foi avaliada a completude da informação “ocupação” nos Registros Hospitalares de Cancer no Brasil, estratificados por macrorregião, entre os anos de 2000 e 2008. Foram analisados, para cada sexo, os casos com idade maior ou igual a 30 anos e os seguintes tumores: pulmão, bexiga, cavidade oral, faringe, laringe e leucemias. Resultados: O percentual medio de ausência de informação sobre ocupação foi superior a 45% para todas as topografias selecionadas; mas, em mulheres, esse percentual foi ainda maior. Ao longo dos anos estudados, observou-se pouca melhora na qualidade da informação, com a maioria das regiões apresentando proporções superiores a 30% desse indicador, independente da neoplasia investigada. Conclusão: Os resultados apresentados são preocupantes do ponto de vista da saúde pública, especialmente da saúde dos trabalhadores. A falta dessa informação nos registros dificulta a identificação da ocupação como fator de risco importante para o desenvolvimento do câncer, o estabelecimento do nexo causal entre exposição e doença, e a elaboração e implementação de estratégias de vigilância do cancer relacionado ao trabalho no país.
Muito além da fisgada: A ciência e o futebol na cobertura esportiva paraense
Authors: Sousa André Laurent Souza Lopes , Santos Ana Lucia Prado Reis dos , Dendasck Carla Viana , Oliveira Euzébio de , Bahia Mirleide Chaar
Published: March 2020

Reportagens relacionando ciência e futebol não são frequentes na cobertura esportiva do Pará. Compreender as causas deste problema é o principal objetivo do presente trabalho. A partir da revisão bibliográfica da ciência do esporte no futebol, evidenciou-se a interdisciplinaridade que há décadas contribui com estudos relevantes que não resultaram apenas no entendimento de problemáticas da modalidade, mas também no aumento de desempenho de jogadores e equipes de futebol. Em um segundo momento, o trabalho traz o diálogo entre cultura científica (VOGT, 2003) e o jornalismo, a partir das perspectivas dos jornalismos científico (BUENO, 2009) e esportivo (BUENO, 2005; MALULY, 2005), a fim de evidenciar a provocação de Messa (2005), que credita ao jornalismo esportivo de caráter científico, o jornalismo esportivo-científico, a possibilidade de ir além do entretenimento para torcedor-espectador. Mas, para isso, faz-se necessário compreender, a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, os fatores limitantes da cobertura esportiva no Pará e as razões para que a ciência tenha pouco espaço. Uma possibilidade para ampliar o conteúdo envolvendo ciência e futebol está na expertise e na relação entre jornalistas e os integrantes das comissões técnicas das equipes de futebol do Pará. Palavras-chave: ciência do esporte, divulgação científica, jornalismo científico, jornalismo esportivo.
Clinical psychology in Lithuania: Current developments in training and legislation
Authors: Kazlauskas Evaldas , Grigutyte Neringa
Published: March 2020

This paper presents an overview of the current status in training and legislation of clinical psychology in Lithuania. Clinical psychology training at the university level in Lithuania started soon after the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1990s and was influenced by the social context and historical-political situation in the country. Currently, legislation for clinical psychology in Lithuania is in progress, and several promising regulations for psychology in health care were introduced in the last decade. However, psychologists, including clinical psychologists, are not licensed in Lithuania. The lack of legislation for psychology is the main obstacle for the recognition and establishment of clinical psychology in the country. In health care, the title ‘clinical psychologist’ is not common; ‘medical psychologist’ is the title used instead to refer to both clinical psychologists and health psychologists. We conclude that while the development of clinical psychology in Lithuania is promising, there is still a long way to go to establish clinical psychology as an important profession in Lithuania.
Community
participation in the planning of local destination management
Authors: Koščak Marko , O’Rourke Tony , Bilić Dinko
Published: March 2020

In this paper we suggest that modern
tourism planning of a destination should include participation from all levels
of the community (direct stakeholders, local residents and differing age
groups) if the participatory process is to be extensive and universal within
the community. We see participatory planning as a critical success factor in
seeking to satisfy the requirements of the modern paradigm of sustainability
and responsibility in tourism. A community-based approach to tourism
development is a prerequisite to sustainability. This focuses on community
involvement in the planning and development process, and developing the types
of tourism, which generate real social and economic benefits to local
communities. Representing the interests
and fulfilling the needs of various users is one reason for enabling their
participation. Interestingly, children & youth are often overlooked in this
regard even though adults may not adequately represent their needs. An
important outcome of participatory planning is the process of collective
learning that takes place through the underlying process of dialogue. We will
refer in the paper to parallel research conducted with colleagues in Slovenia
focusing in detail on the role of children & youth in the participatory
process of developing sustainable tourism at a local level. This includes a view that planning for
sustainable tourism development is an effort to shape the future. Among
stakeholders and community participants, children & youth have a
significant voice in the future and to a strong degree should have the right to
engage in development. The paper seeks to assess the role of participatory
structures in planning and development and in the role of children & youth
as stakeholders in the planning of local destination management.
Investigating the use of PowerPoint in teaching: a case study at Annaba Higher School of Management Sciences
Authors: Guerid Fethi
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the use of PowerPoint at Annaba Higher School of Management Sciences Algeria with 2nd year Master Class students. The authors have tried to find out how PowerPoint is used and whether the students are satisfied with the way it is used at this school. The other task is to investigate to what extent the pedagogical features such as concentration, grasping and eagerness for learning are affected by the use of PowerPoint as a teaching tool.
To conduct this investigation, the questionnaire as a research tool has been used. The questionnaire is made up of three sections: personal information, the board use and PowerPoint use. The number of questions included in this questionnaire is 18. Eight questions in the section related to the board use and ten questions in the section related to PowerPoint use. The study has taken place in the first semester of the 2019/2020 academic year from October 2019 to January 2020 at Annaba Higher School of Management Sciences Algeria.
The results of this investigation have revealed that the classical way of teaching such as the use of the board instead of PowerPoint is preferred by this research population. This study has shown that the pedagogical features like motivation, concentration and grasping are higher with the modules where the teachers use the board more than with the modules where the teachers use PowerPoint as a teaching tool. The findings of the study show that the way PowerPoint is used in this school with this research population carries various drawbacks and this what might hinder educational and pedagogical success.
Underground in the Czech literature of the 1950s.
Authors: Poslední Petr
Published: March 2020

In numerous collected source materials from the 1950s, it is necessary to distinguish texts created in the works of authors persecuted by the communist regime e.g. Catholic writers and those related to popular movement, from the authors deliberately abandoning official circu­lation e.g. supporters of the concept of total realism, embarrassing poetry and collage of various literary genres. Activities of the opposition in the second half of the 1950s resulted in the first attempts of culture liberalization. At that time literature has influenced film and theater opening up the way to the Prague Spring in the late 1960s.
The Implementation of Student Team Achievement (STAD) Cooperative Learning Model in Traditional Vocal Subject of North Sumatra
Authors: Lamhot B. Sihombing
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the application of the STAD model of cooperative learning in learning the songs of the North Sumatra region in semester 2 students in the music education program at Universitas Negeri Medan. The problems to be discussed are: How is the application of the STAD model of cooperative learning in analyzing the main melodies of North Sumatra regional songs and how are the learning outcomes using the STAD model of cooperative learning methods. This study uses two approaches namely quantitative and qualitative methods with data collection techniques in the form of literature studies, observations, interviews, tests in the form of pre-test and post-test as well as analyzing learning outcomes. After the classroom action research process, the results were obtained that: in the application of the STAD model of cooperative learning in the material analysis of the main melodic form of North Sumatra regional songs in the second semester students of music education study program, it showed positive results and showed an increase in students' abilities. This is done for several stages, namely through cycle I and cycle II. In the trial test, the pre-test grade averages 52.3. The average grade that has been obtained is very low. Then conducted an experiment with a cycle I (post- test I) then the average grade increased by 66.33 but was declared incomplete. Furthermore, it is done by cycle II (post-test II), then the total number of class grades is increasing, amounting to 79.5 so that the value is declared complete and the cycle is not resumed. So, it can be concluded that the application of the STAD model of cooperative learning in learning the songs of the North Sumatra region in semester 2 students in music education study program has increased learning outcomes. This shows that STAD type cooperative learning can be used as an alternative in improving student learning outcomes in vocal learning of North Sumatra regional songs.
Correlation Between Climatic Factors And Leafminer (Insecta: Agromyzidae) Infestation On Three Vegetable Crops In Chittagong, Bangladesh
Authors: Mazumdar Santosh , Bhuiya Badrul Amin
Published: March 2020

Present study deals with the impact of climatic factors (temperature, humidity and wind speed) on agromyzid leafminers infestation in three cultivated crops viz. Tomato, French bean and Cowpea. Correlation studies showed that there was significantly positive relation of temperature, whereas wind speed showed negative relation to agromyzid infestation on cultivated crops. But there was no significant relation with humidity. Temperature influenced infestation rate as 18.70 ± 4.12, 16.01 ± 15.85 and 9.38 ± 9.10 % for Tomato, French bean and Cowpea respectively.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(1): 1-5, June 2015
Preliminary Findings On Behavioral Patterns Of The Barking Deer, Muntiacusmuntjak (Zimmermann 1780) In Captivity At Dhaka Zoo In Bangladesh
Authors: Aktar Mahruma , Ahammed Rasel , Khan M Monirul H , Kabir MM
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted to document behavioral patterns of the barking deer, Muntiacus muntjak (Zimmermann 1780) in captivity. All-occurrence and ad libitum sampling methods were used opportunistically to observe 15 barking deer at Dhaka Zoo in Bangladesh from April to November, 2011.A total of 54 behavioral patterns of the barking deer was recorded and described under 13 major heads. Of which, 41 behavioral patterns were similar for males and females and 13 were sex different. The highest observation was recorded for self-directed behaviors (21.55%) followed by consuming behaviors (20.84%), investigative behaviors (17.65%), scent markings and depositions (14.53%), relaxed states (13.98%), agonistic interactions (2.63%), foraging behaviors (2.31%), sexual behaviors (1.83%), submissive behaviors (1.66%), elimination (1.25%), movements (1.23%), vocalization (0.3%) and affinitive interactions (0.23%). The behavioral patterns were almost similar for male and female with several patterns showing variations. Females consumed food and took rest more frequently than males, who spent more time in foraging and movement. Males also showed higher frequency of sexual behaviors and less submissive behaviors. Environmental sniffing (n=792) was the most frequently encountered behavior and preaching (n=l) was the least. The present findings reveal that majority of the behaviors resemble that of other cervids, but nibbling and barking are unique to this species.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 41(2): 233-243, December 2015
KEPERCAYAAN, KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNAAN DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP MINAT BELI ONLINE
Authors: Maskuri Muh Ali , Kurniawan Ergo Nurpatria , Wardani Mursida Kusuma , Andriyani Meli
Published: March 2020

Berkembangnya teknologi internet dan meningkatnya pengguna internet, membuat kegiatan perdaganganpun mulai mengalami perkembangan. Banyak pelaku bisnis yang menggunakan internet untuk melakukan promosi dan melakukan perdagangan, bisnis baru dalam dunia digital ini disebut dengan perdagangan elektronik (e-commerce). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kepercayaan, kemudahan penggunaan dan electronic word of mouth terhadap minat beli online Tokopedia. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah orang-orang yang pernah melakukan belanja online di Tokopedia atau situs belanja online lain. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 96 orang yang dipilih menggunakan nonprobabilility sampling melalui kuesioner. Teknik analisa data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa regresi linier sederhana dengan alat bantu software komputer SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa variabel independen yang paling berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen adalah Electronic Word Of Mouth (E_WOM) (0,521), diikuti oleh kepercayaan konsumen (0,421) dan yang terahir adalah kemudahan penggunaan (0,209). Hasil menunjukan bahwa variabel kepercayaan, kemudahan penggunaan dan electronic word of mouth berpengaruh positif terhadap minat beli online pada situs Tokopedia. Kata kunci: kepercayaan, kemudahan penggunaan, electronic word of mouth dan minat beli.
Reading Theories and Reading Comprehension; Review and Discussed
Authors: Susanto Herri
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In this article, several reading theories need to be reviewed in their relationships to read understanding educators and English lecturers. Three other Reading Models, Bottom-Up, Top-Down, and Interactive, are discussed in the Schema Theory at the theoretical stage. The history of reading training, kinds and purposes of reading, and cognitive reading abilities will be discussed in checking the reading understanding. Finally, it reviews six variables that are engaged in understanding English texts.Keywords: comprehension, models of reading, schema theoryAbstrak. Dalam artikel ini, beberapa teori bacaan perlu ditinjau dalam hubungannya untuk membaca pemahaman para pendidik dan dosen bahasa Inggris. Tiga Model Membaca diantaranyamodel Bottom-Up, Top-Down, dan Interactive dibahas dalam Schema Theory pada tahap teoretis. Rentetan uji coba, jenis dan tujuan membaca, serta kemampuan membaca kognitif dibahas dalam memastikan pemahaman membaca. Akhirnya, terdapat review terhadap enam variabel yang terlibat dalam memahami teks bahasa Inggris.Kata kunci: membaca, model membaca, teori schema
English Competence of Generation Z: A Study at IAIN Kudus
Authors: Erzad Azizah Maulina , Clarita Lusi Ardanisa Mei , Salma Yunita
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Industrial revolution 4.0 era which is also called as disruptive era gives many benefits for several aspects especially in education. It becomes easier for the teacher to use any kinds of media for teaching English and for the students to find English materials by themselves. The recent students of English Education Department IAIN Kudus belong to generation Z students. As generation Z students who live in 4.0 era, they are able to access many kinds of information or knowledge and improve their English competences from any resources easily. This paper aims to identify the way of the generation Z learn English, the difficulties encountered by them in learning English, and the solutions or suggestions to overcome the difficulties. This study employed mixed methods research. In conducting this research, the researchers used observation, open-ended questionnaire and documentation to collect the data. The participants were 39 students of English Education Department at IAIN Kudus. The results showed that 60% students use gadgets to study English, 15% use books, and 25% use both of them. Meanwhile, 50% students have difficulties in speaking, 10% in listening, 6% in reading, 17% in writing, and 17% in those four competences. Some solutions or suggestions were revealed to resolve the difficulties. The solutions were extended for each language competence.Keywords: English Competence, Generation Z, IAIN KudusAbstrak. Era revolusi industri 4.0, yang juga dikenal dengan era disruptif, memberikan banyak keuntungan dalam berbagai aspek khususnya dalam pendidikan. Hal ini akan memudahkan guru untuk menggunakan berbagai jenis media untuk mengajar Bahasa Inggris dan juga bagi mahasiswa untuk mencari materi Bahasa Inggris sendiri. Mahasiswa jurusan Bahasa Inggris IAIN Kudus juga termasuk mahasiswa generasi Z. Sebagai mahasiswa generasi Z yang tinggal di era 4.0, mereka mampu mengakses berbagai macam informasi atau pengetahuan untuk memperbaiki kompetensi mereka dari berbagai sumber dengan mudah. Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi cara bagaimana generasi Z belajar Bahasa Inggris, kesulitan-kesulitan yang dihadapi mereka, dan solusi atau saran untuk menghadapi kesulitan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mixed methods), dan dalam mengumpulkan data penulis menggunakan teknik observasi, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Peserta penelitian ini adalah 39 mahasiswa jurusan Bahasa Inggris IAIN Kudus. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa cara mereka belajar 60 % menggunakan gawai, 15 % menggunakan buku, dan 25 % menggunakan dua-duanya. 50 % mahasiswa mengalami kesulitan dalam berbicara Bahasa Inggris, 10 % mendengarkan, 6 % dalam membaca, 17 % dalam menulis, dan 17 % mengalami kesulitan dalam keempat-empatnya. Beberapa solusi ditawarkan untuk menghadapi masalah tersebut, terutama di masing-masing keahlian berbahasa.Kata kunci: kompetensi bahasa Inggris, generasi Z, IAIN Kudus
Writing practice in a society with codified variation: a correspondence analysis of writing practice in New Norwegian/Nynorsk
Authors: Helset Stig J.
Published: March 2020

This paper illustrates the advantages of combining corpus linguistic methods and correspondence analysis when investigating sub-varieties within written languages that have codified variation. Through a study of a large-scale corpus of the written standard New Norwegian/Nynorsk, the paper demonstrates how correspondence analysis is a method that is well-suited to mapping norm clusters consisting of different sub-varieties in actual usage. The study reveals the existence of a norm cluster within the corpus consisting of a moderate sub-variety. Current Norwegian language policy is to base the official norms on developments in observed usage. The paper thus concludes that future standardisation of Nynorsk should be moving towards a narrower, moderate norm in order to be in accordance with the operative norm. The methods presented in this paper may be of value when investigating other written languages with codified variation, such as Irish, or languages without official norms, such as Shona.
Sketching women: a corpus-based approach to representations of women's agency in political Internet corpora in Arabic and English
Authors: Karimullah Kamran
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I use methods from corpus linguistics to examine patterns pertaining to the representation of women in online Arabic- and English-language political corpora. I highlight the discursive differences and similarities that characterise the two corpora. Using word sketches, I identify representational categories in each corpus that are indexed by patterns of collocation. Analysis of semantic preference and prosody in each corpus reveals the ways in which women are represented. An exploration of the representations of women and gendered agency in both corpora reveals incongruities between the message of women's empowerment that the outlets promote and the implicit discursive representations of gender and gendered agency.
Why Do Election Results Change After Election Day? The "Blue Shift" in California Elections
Authors: Li Yimeng , Hyun Michelle , Alvarez R. Michael
Published: March 2020

The counting of votes in contemporary American elections is usually not completed on Election Night. There has been an increasing tendency for vote shares to shift toward Democratic candidates after Election Day in general elections. In this paper, we study this phenomenon using granular data from Orange County, California. Leveraging snapshots of precinct-level election returns and precinct-level demographic and political composition, we conduct the first full-fledged analysis of the potential drivers of vote share shifts. Utilizing snapshots of individual-level administrative records, we provide the first analysis of the characteristics of voters whose ballots were tallied later versus earlier. Far from being anomalous, the vote share shifts are consistent with underlying precinct voter compositions and the order of individual ballot processing. We find the same underlying drivers in North Carolina and Colorado and discuss the implications of the evolving election administration practices across states for public concerns about election integrity.
Efektivitas Aplikasi Smartphone Sebagai Sarana Penunjang Kegiatan Posyandu
Authors: Yuliet Sri Novita , Mulyono Sigit
Published: March 2020

Posyandu memiliki peran yang sangat berarti untuk mendukung pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, namun dalam kegiataan pencatatan dan pelaporan saat ini masih bersifat manual dan konvensional. Di era digital 4.0 diperlukan inovasi terbaru untuk sarana penunjang kegiatan posyandu. Salah satu penerapan teknologi yang mulai diterapkan pada Sistem Informasi Posyandu adalah berbasis aplikasi smartphone. Studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk melihat keefektifan aplikasi smartphone sebagai sarana penunjang kegiatan Posyandu. Adapun metode yang digunakan yaitu tinjauan literatur dan studi analisis menggunakan database scopus, google scholar dan proquest terhadap 11 artikel terkait dengan penggunaan Smartphone dalam kegiatan Posyandu yang diterbitkan tahun 2014-2018. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa terdapat banyak model aplikasi smartphone yang dapat diterapkan pada kegiatan posyandu. Penerapan aplikasi smartphone telah terbukti dapat meningkatkan pengelolaan data administrasi Posyandu balita secara sistematis, efektif dan efisien serta memudahkan kader dalam memantau perkembangan balita dan memudahkan dalam pembuatan laporan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah dalam penggunaan aplikasi smarphone untuk kegiatan posyandu di Indonesia

Kata kunci: posyandu, sistem informasi, aplikasi smartphone
Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Stimulasi Dini dan Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan
Authors: Kusparlina Eny Pemilu , Ardhianingtyas Nisa
Published: March 2020

One of factors that influence the development is early stimulation especially from people close to the toddler (mother and other family). The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between mother’s knowledge about early stimulation and motoric development of toddlers. The design of this study was case control. Sample was selected using consecutive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaire, then analyzed using logistic regression test. The result showed that mother’s knowledge on early stimulation have significant effect to the motoric development of toddlers.

Keywords: todders; motoric development; mother’s knowledge; early stimulation

ABSTRAK

Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan adalah stimulasi dini terutama dari orang yang dekat dengan balita (ibu dan keluarga lain). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dini dan perkembangan motorik balita. Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Sampel dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan ibu tentang stimulasi dini memiliki efek signifikan terhadap perkembangan motorik balita.

Kata kunci: balita; perkembangan motorik; pengetahuan ibu; stimulasi dini
A Frequency-Domain Machine Learning Method for Dual-Calibrated fMRI Mapping of Oxygen Extraction Fraction (OEF) and Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Consumption (CMRO2)
Authors: Germuska Michael , Chandler Hannah Louise , Okell Thomas , Fasano Fabrizio , Tomassini Valentina , Murphy Kevin , Wise Richard G.
Published: March 2020

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers the possibility to non-invasively map the brain's metabolic oxygen consumption (CMRO2), which is essential for understanding and monitoring neural function in both health and disease. However, in depth study of oxygen metabolism with MRI has so far been hindered by the lack of robust methods. One MRI method of mapping CMRO2is based on the simultaneous acquisition of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) weighted images during respiratory modulation of both oxygen and carbon dioxide. Although this dual-calibrated methodology has shown promise in the research setting, current analysis methods are unstable in the presence of noise and/or are computationally demanding. In this paper, we present a machine learning implementation for the multi-parametric assessment of dual-calibrated fMRI data. The proposed method aims to address the issues of stability, accuracy, and computational overhead, removing significant barriers to the investigation of oxygen metabolism with MRI. The method utilizes a time-frequency transformation of the acquired perfusion and BOLD-weighted data, from which appropriate feature vectors are selected for training of machine learning regressors. The implemented machine learning methods are chosen for their robustness to noise and their ability to map complex non-linear relationships (such as those that exist between BOLD signal weighting and blood oxygenation). An extremely randomized trees (ET) regressor is used to estimate resting blood flow and a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) is used to estimate CMRO2and the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF). Synthetic data with additive noise are used to train the regressors, with data simulated to cover a wide range of physiologically plausible parameters. The performance of the implemented analysis method is compared to published methods both in simulation and within-vivodata (n= 30). The proposed method is demonstrated to significantly reduce computation time, error, and proportional bias in both CMRO2and OEF estimates. The introduction of the proposed analysis pipeline has the potential to not only increase the detectability of metabolic difference between groups of subjects, but may also allow for single subject examinations within a clinical context.
Real-Time Localization Approach for Maize Cores at Seedling Stage Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Zong Ze , Liu Gang , Zhao Shuo
Published: March 2020

To realize quick localization of plant maize, a new real-time localization approach is proposed for maize cores at the seedling stage, which can meet the basic demands for localization and quantitative fertilization in precision agriculture and reduce environmental pollution and the use of chemical fertilizers. In the first stage, by taking pictures of maize at the seedling stage in a field with a monocular camera, the maize is segmented from the weed background of the picture. And then the three most-effective methods (i.e., minimum cross entropy, ISODATA, and the Otsu algorithm) are found from six common segmentation algorithms after comparing the accuracy rate of extracting maize and the time efficiency of segmentation. In the second stage, plant core from segmented maize image is recognized, and localized, based on different brightness of the rest part of maize core and plant. Then the geometric center of maize core is considered as localization point. the best effect of extracting maize core was found from the minimum cross entropy method based on gray level. According to experimental validation using many field pictures, under weedy conditions on sunny days, the proposed method has a minimum recognition rate of 88.37% for maize cores and is more robust at excluding weeds.
Target Site Resistance to Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitors in Diplotaxis erucoides and Erucaria hispanica–Mechanism of Resistance and Response to Alternative Herbicides
Authors: Matzrafi Maor , Gerson Ofri , Sibony Moshe , Rubin Baruch
Published: March 2020

Diplotaxis erucoides and Erucaria hispanica are common weeds of the Mediterranean region; they infest various habitats including cultivated fields and roadsides. In several fields across Israel, farmers have reported on poor control of D. erucoides and E. hispanica plants using acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of various ALS inhibitors on plants from two potentially resistant D. erucoides and E. hispanica populations. Additionally, alternative management strategies using auxinic herbicides were studied. Plants from both populations exhibited resistance to all tested ALS inhibitors, up to 20-fold the label field rate, as compared with ALS sensitive populations of D. erucoides and E. hispanica. Sequencing of the ALS gene revealed Trp574 to Leu substitution in ALS-resistant D. erucoides plants, whereas a Pro197 to Ser substitution was detected in ALS-resistant E. hispanica plants. Although high levels of resistance were observed in individuals from both putative resistant populations, sensitive individuals were also detected, suggesting the evolution of resistance in these two populations is still in progress. Auxinic herbicides, 2,4-D, and mecoprop-P, provided excellent control of plants from both ALS-resistant populations. This study documents and confirms the first case of evolution of resistance to ALS inhibitors in D. erucoides and E. hispanica populations.
Substrate Application of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Enhanced Low-temperature and Weak-light Stress Tolerance in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Anwar Ali , Wang Jun , Yu Xianchang , He Chaoxing , Li Yansu
Published: March 2020

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a type of nonprotein amino acid that promotes plant stress tolerance. However, the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated the role of ALA in low-temperature and weak-light stress tolerance in cucumber seedlings. Seedlings grown in different ALA treatments (0, 10, 20, or 30 mg ALA·kg−1 added to substrate) were exposed to low temperature (16/8 ˚C light/dark) and weak light (180 μmol·m−2·s−1 photosynthetically active radiation) for two weeks. Treatment with ALA significantly alleviated the inhibition of plant growth, and enhanced leaf area, and fresh and dry weight of the seedlings under low-temperature and weak-light stress. Moreover, ALA increased chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and Chl a+b contents. Net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photochemical quenching, non-photochemical quenching, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, and electron transport rate were significantly increased in ALA-treated seedlings. In addition, ALA increased root activity and antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) activities, and reduced reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical) and malondialdehyde accumulation in the root and leaf of cucumber seedlings. These findings suggested that ALA incorporation in the substrate alleviated the adverse effects of low-temperature and weak-light stress, and improved Chl contents, photosynthetic capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities, and thus enhanced cucumber seedling growth.
Relationship between Environmental Covariates and Ceylon Tea Cultivation in Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasinghe Sadeeka Layomi , Kumar Lalit , Hasan Md Kamrul
Published: March 2020

How the current distribution of tea cultivation is influenced by specific environmental conditions in Sri Lanka is yet to be explored. Therefore, this study aims to assess the differences between tea and non-tea growing areas with respect to climatic and topographic covariates, and to determine the major covariates that control tea distributions. Climatic data of temperature and rainfall were extracted from WorldClim-Global Climate Data; the elevation, slopes, and aspects were obtained from Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data; and the solar radiation data was computed using a clear-sky solar radiation model. Random points were created on rasterised environmental layers for tea-growing and non-tea growing areas, stratified into low, mid, and high regions, using ArcGIS version 10.4.1 (Environmental Systems Research Institute: ESRI Redlands, CA, USA).Correlations were derived between covariates and tea and non-tea growing areas. According to the logistic regression analysis, there was no significant influence of the south-west, west, and north-west aspect compared to the north aspect when all other covariates were held constant. The odds ratio indicated that an area with a one-unit higher solar radiation was 1.453 times more likely to be a tea growing area. Similarly, a per unit increase in slope increases the likelihood of an area being suitable for tea cultivation by 1.039 times. When the annual mean temperature increased, the suitability of tea cultivation decreased, but an increased rainfall had increased the suitability of an area for tea cultivation. Areas with a north facing slope had the highest suitability for tea cultivation. This research demonstrated that tea growing could be expanded into a variety of locations as long as these variables are either found or managed in order to obtain the critical levels. In addition, it is proposed that the results of this study could be utilised in the assessment of the climate or/and land suitability for tea.
AI: A New Open Access Journal for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Suzuki Kenji
Published: March 2020

As a branch of computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) attempts to understand the essence of intelligence, and produce new kinds of intelligent machines that can respond in a similar way to human intelligence, with broad research areas of machine and deep learning, data science, reinforcement learning, data mining, knowledge discovery, knowledge reasoning, speech recognition, natural language processing, language recognition, image recognition, computer vision, planning, robotics, gaming, and so on [...]
Peer-Education as a Tool to Educate on Antibiotics, Resistance and Use in 16–18-Year-Olds: A Feasibility Study
Authors: McNulty Cliodna A. M. , Syeda Rowshonara B. , Brown Carla L. , Bennett C. Verity , Schofield Behnaz , Allison David G. , Verlander Neville Q. , Francis Nick
Published: March 2020

Peer education (PE) interventions may help improve knowledge and appropriate use of antibiotics in young adults. In this feasibility study, health-care students were trained to educate 16–18 years old biology students, who then educated their non-biology peers, using e-Bug antibiotic lessons. Knowledge was assessed by questionnaires, and antibiotic use by questionnaire, SMS messaging and GP record searches. Five of 17 schools approached participated (3 PE and 2 control (usual lessons)). 59% (10/17) of university students and 28% (15/54) of biology students volunteered as peer-educators. PE was well-received; 30% (38/127) intervention students and 55% (66/120) control students completed all questionnaires. Antibiotic use from GP medical records (54/136, 40% of students’ data available), student SMS (69/136, 51% replied) and questionnaire (109/136, 80% completed) data showed good agreement between GP and SMS (kappa = 0.72), but poor agreement between GP and questionnaires (kappa = 0.06). Median knowledge scores were higher post-intervention, with greater improvement for non-biology students. Delivering and evaluating e-Bug PE is feasible with supportive school staff. Single tiered PE by university students may be easier to regulate and manage due to time constraints on school students. SMS collection of antibiotic data is easier and has similar accuracy to GP data.
Feature Point Matching Method Based on Consistent Edge Structures for Infrared and Visible Images
Authors: Wang Qi , Gao Xiang , Wang Fan , Ji Zhihang , Hu Xiaopeng
Published: March 2020

Infrared and visible image match is an important research topic in the field of multi-modality image processing. Due to the difference of image contents like pixel intensities and gradients caused by disparate spectrums, it is a great challenge for infrared and visible image match in terms of the detection repeatability and the matching accuracy. To improve the matching performance, a feature detection and description method based on consistent edge structures of images (DDCE) is proposed in this paper. First, consistent edge structures are detected to obtain similar contents of infrared and visible images. Second, common feature points of infrared and visible images are extracted based on the consistent edge structures. Third, feature descriptions are established according to the edge structure attributes including edge length and edge orientation. Lastly, feature correspondences are calculated according to the distance of feature descriptions. Due to the utilization of consistent edge structures of infrared and visible images, the proposed DDCE method can improve the detection repeatability and the matching accuracy. DDCE is evaluated on two public datasets and are compared with several state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results demonstrate that DDCE can achieve superior performance against other methods for infrared and visible image match.
Named Entity Recognition for Sensitive Data Discovery in Portuguese
Authors: Dias Mariana , Boné João , Ferreira João C. , Ribeiro Ricardo , Maia Rui
Published: March 2020

The process of protecting sensitive data is continually growing and becoming increasingly important, especially as a result of the directives and laws imposed by the European Union. The effort to create automatic systems is continuous, but, in most cases, the processes behind them are still manual or semi-automatic. In this work, we have developed a component that can extract and classify sensitive data, from unstructured text information in European Portuguese. The objective was to create a system that allows organizations to understand their data and comply with legal and security purposes. We studied a hybrid approach to the problem of Named Entity Recognition for the Portuguese language. This approach combines several techniques such as rule-based/lexical-based models, machine learning algorithms, and neural networks. The rule-based and lexical-based approaches were used only for a set of specific classes. For the remaining classes of entities, two statistical models were tested—Conditional Random Fields and Random Forest and, finally, a Bidirectional-LSTM approach as experimented. Regarding the statistical models, we realized that Conditional Random Fields is the one that can obtain the best results, with a f1-score of 65.50%. With the Bi-LSTM approach, we have achieved a result of 83.01%. The corpora used for training and testing were HAREM Golden Collection, SIGARRA News Corpus, and DataSense NER Corpus.
Electromagnetic Scattering from Surfaces with Curved Wedges Using the Method of Auxiliary Sources (MAS)
Authors: Iatropoulos Vissarion G. , Anastasiadou Minodora-Tatiani , Anastassiu Hristos T.
Published: March 2020

The method of auxiliary sources (MAS) is utilized in the analysis of Transverse Magnetic (TM) plane wave scattering from infinite, conducting, or dielectric cylinders, including curved wedges. The latter are defined as intersections of circular arcs. The artificial surface, including the auxiliary sources, is shaped in various patterns to study the effect of its form on the MAS accuracy. In juxtaposition with the standard, conformal shape, several deformations are tested, where the auxiliary sources are forced to approach the tip of the wedge. It is shown that such a procedure significantly improves the accuracy of the numerical results. Comparisons of schemes are presented, and the optimal auxiliary source location is proposed.
Damage Identification Based on Adding Mass for Liquid–Solid Coupling Structures
Authors: Hou Jilin , Wang Haiyan , Xu Dengzheng , Jankowski Łukasz , Wang Pengfei
Published: March 2020

Damage identification for liquid–solid coupling structures remains a challenging topic due to the influence of liquid and the limitation of experimental conditions. Therefore, the adding mass method for damage identification is employed in this study. Adding mass to structures is an effective method for damage identification, as it can increase not only the experimental data but also the sensitivity of experimental modes to local damage. First, the fundamental theory of the adding mass method for damage identification is introduced. After that, the method of equating the liquid to the attached mass is proposed by considering the liquid–solid coupling. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of damage identification, based on adding mass for liquid–solid coupling structures, are verified through experiments of a submerged cantilever beam and liquid storage tank.
Microbial Populations of Fresh and Cold Stored Donkey Milk by High-Throughput Sequencing Provide Indication for A Correct Management of This High-Value Product
Authors: Russo Pasquale , Fiocco Daniela , Albenzio Marzia , Spano Giuseppe , Capozzi Vittorio
Published: March 2020

Donkey milk is receiving increasing interest due to its attractive nutrient and functional properties (but also cosmetic), which make it a suitable food for sensitive consumers, such as infants with allergies, the immunocompromised, and elderly people. Our study aims to provide further information on the microbial variability of donkey milk under cold storage conditions. Therefore, we analysed by high-throughput sequencing the bacterial communities in unpasteurized donkey milk just milked, and after three days of conservation at 4 °C, respectively. Results showed that fresh donkey milk was characterized by a high incidence of spoilage Gram-negative bacteria mainly belonging to Pseudomonas spp. A composition lower than 5% of lactic acid bacteria was found in fresh milk samples, with Lactococcus spp. being the most abundant. The occurrence of microbial species belonging to risk group 2 was found in fresh milk. After three days of cold storage, the bacterial biodiversity of donkey milk was strongly reduced, since about 93% of the bacterial communities were identified as different species of psychrotrophic Pseudomonas. In conclusion, we report a preliminary description of the microbial diversity of donkey milk by using a metagenomic approach and encouraging a correct exploitation of this high-value niche product.