bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change of driver's reaction time depending on the amount of alcohol consumed by the driver - the case study
Authors: Vrábel Ján , Sarkan Branislav , Vashisth Amit
Published: October 2022

Each driver should drive according to the actual road traffic rules of the country in which is he currently located. The law systems of various states of Europe allow an increased maximal blood alcohol level of driver. As the fact that no small number of road accidents is caused because of the influence of alcohol on the driver, it is necessary to focus the attention of the society on this issue. The paper deals with the influence of alcohol to change of the reaction time of the driver. During the project of the alcohol effect on the driver and its behaviour, the reaction time of several drivers of a selected group of people was measured. At first (before alcohol drinking) it was assessed the physical and mental condition of the drivers, using a series of question. Subsequently were carried out the measurements by car with sober driver. After this initial measurement the driver began to drink an alcohol and after 20 minutes the level of alcohol in driver´s breath was determined by certificated equipment. After finding of this value was the driver re-tested by the car, where he had to stop the vehicle before simulated barrier. During the tests the stopping distance, the mean fully developed deceleration was explored as the supporting variables. As the most important variable was the driver´s reaction time. It was researched by using of the video-analysing from two synchronized cameras. The aim of this paper is to focus on the fact that there is a dependence between the amount of consumed alcohol and the driver´s reaction time, which significantly affects the road safety. The reaction time of the driver directly influences to the stopping distance thus it is resolute for stopping the vehicle before a barrier
The Environmental Safety of the Fiat 0.9 TwinAir Compressed Natural Gas Engine
Authors: Warianek Michał , Lejda Kazimierz
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of measurements of concentrations of selected exhaust components of the Fiat 0.9 TwinAir spark-ignition engine operating according to load characteristics. The tested engine has an indirect, multi-point petrol supply system and has been retrofitted with an indirect CNG injection system. The results of the tests are a comparison of selected economic, ecological and energetic indicators of engine operation obtained when fuelled with CNG and 95 octane petrol. The operation of the engine fuelled with gaseous fuel was preceded by autocalibration of the controller of the fuelling system. The article presents the results of tests of concentrations of harmful components of exhaust gases: carbon dioxide CO2, carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen oxides NOx and HC hydrocarbons. Moreover, the values of lambda λ air excess coefficient are presented and fuel consumption is compared. The obtained results of the tests of the engine fuelled with CNG gas show a significant decrease in the value of the obtained torque in comparison to the engine torque when fuelled with petrol. The engine fuelled with compressed natural gas contributed to the improvement of its ecological properties and a reduction of fuel consumption, which are important factors of ecological and energy safety. Exhaust gas analysis showed a reduction in the concentration of harmful components of exhaust gases, mainly hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. A positive effect of the operation of the engine powered by CNG was also a significant reduction of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases compared to the engine powered with gasoline.
Investigations of dynamic phenomena of precision length measurement system
Authors: Svilainis Paulius , Kavaliauskas Vilius , Kilikevičius Artūras , Matijošius Jonas , Więckowski Dariusz
Published: October 2022

The development of the automotive industry is conditioned by the application of production technologies, which directly depend on production volumes. Today's development of car production is possible only in conjunction with the volume of production, ensuring both the parameters of assembly and production quality. Their constant monitoring is related to the application of the verification tools and technologies used. Such is the length measurement process that needs to be precise in the automotive industry.The paper analyzes the precision length measurement system and its dynamic characteristics. The research is applied to solve the problems of dynamic processes of a precision length measuring system, and the obtained results can be used in the development of precision systems for other purposes. The obtained results describe the vibrations of the length measuring system housing and the measuring head, which show the weak points of the system at the respective frequencies. The paper analyzes the precision length measurement system and its dynamic characteristics. The obtained results describe the vibrations of the length measuring system housing and the measuring head, which show the weak points of the system at the respective frequencies.
Urban Traffic Detectors Data Mining for Determination of Variations in Traffic Volumes
Authors: Bartuska Ladislav , Hanzl Jiri , Lizbetin Jan
Published: October 2022

This paper analyses road traffic volumes in the urban environment for the purpose of traffic planning and creation of traffic models. For modelling traffic in a certain area, the initial information about transport demand and distribution in given area is required. The demand for transport is further re-distributed to the transport network and measured against the current road traffic volumes / intensity of traffic. Traffic volumes over time are characterized by various periodic and non-periodic influences (variations). By studying these variations, the tools can be specified for making the final estimate of traffic volumes for a specific time period, a specific type of road or specific vehicle category, and for improving the traffic models for a specific area. In this paper, the authors study time variations in traffic volumes using the data obtained from vehicle detectors for monitoring traffic located on roads in the city of Ceske Budejovice, the Czech Republic.
Cleanliness Test for Variable Packaging Solutions in the Automotive Supply Chain
Authors: Pečman Jan , Luptak Vladimir
Published: October 2022

Technical cleanliness is at the centre of attention in more and more sectors of the automotive industry. Its importance primarily lies in the need to ensure the correct function of components and it is necessary to take into account that impurities can affect the assembly and proper functioning of other components if they are connected together in the working circuit. Requirements for technical cleanliness vary according to the type and function of components and can be divided into two basic areas - chemical cleanliness (for example, lubricant contamination) and particulate cleanliness (particles and fibres). So-called clean production must include all areas up until final assembly - production, assembly, storage, transport and the packaging itself. In process chains, measures are taken to minimise contamination or particle generation to achieve a continuous and controllable standard of cleanliness. A special section is the cleanliness of the cable connectors, which is dealt with in this article. The introduction describes the current state of science and research in this field and then summarises the standard requirements in the automotive environment and the basic possible consequences of connector contamination. This is followed by a case study showing the possibilities of preventing contamination by particles and fibres, including a discussion of the effectiveness of these measures.
Impact of change of consignor on responsibility for loading and fastening of goods in vehicle in the Slovak Republic.
Authors: Poliak Miloš , Tomicová Jana
Published: October 2022

From the point of view of road safety and traffic flow, it is very important to follow the rules laid down by law. One such rule is to comply with the maximum permissible weights and dimensions of road vehicles and to secure the goods correctly so that they do not move during transport. From the customer's position, it is most advantageous to transport as many goods as possible, and therefore the goods are sometimes loaded to the maximum capacity of the vehicle, regardless of its maximum permissible weight. Failure to follow these rules can result in the destruction of property, faster wear and tear on roads and, in some cases, the death of a person. The aim of the paper is to explain who in the Slovak Republic is responsible for loading and fastening the goods in the vehicle. Indicate the financial consequences for the person responsible for exceeding the permissible weight and insufficient fastening of the goods. On the basis of statistical data to prove that there is a constant overload of vehicles in the Slovak Republic. In recent years, the transport documents used in road transport have been neutralized in order to change some of the information written in it, and the aim is also to find out whether such activity has any impact on the responsibility for loading and fastening the goods in the vehicle.
Overview of design solutions for child seats
Authors: Frej Damian , Podosek Krzysztof , To Kelvin
Published: October 2022

In order to increase the child's safety when traveling in a passenger car, special child seats are used to minimize the child's injuries in a car accident. The aim of the article is to discuss the topic of design solutions for child seats. It should be noted that child seats are built in order to increase the safety of the transported child during a car accident. Child seats are crash-tested. Unfortunately, no tests related to vibration comfort are carried out. Undoubtedly, attention should be paid to the vertical vibrations that penetrate from the road surface, through the structure of the passenger car, to the seat of the child seat. Vibration comfort is particularly important in the case of long journeys. Because the current child seats on the market are adjusted only to the weight and age of the child. Choosing the right car seat is not a simple task. Not every child will feel comfortable in a seat adapted only to weight and age. The anthropometric dimensions of the child are of great importance. Therefore, more and more child seats are created that allow you to change the position of the backrest or seat in such a way as to ensure both the safety and comfort of the child during the journey.
A Study on the use of eco-driving technique in city traffic
Authors: Caban Jacek , Voltr Ondřej
Published: October 2022

During the operation of vehicles, their operational parameters change, which is related to the influence of working factors, the current situation on the road and its capacity, as well as the wear processes of the vehicle components. Improving the operational and ecological properties of motor vehicles, taking into account technical, legal and operational factors, is a constantly important issue. The article presents selected test results of a vehicle used in the eco-driving technique in urban traffic. The main objective of the study was to verify the possibility of limiting intensive braking and the number of braking thanks to the use of eco-driving. Limitations of intensive braking allow extending the service life of the friction elements of the braking system. The research was carried out on the so-called routine route from work to home in a selected area of the city of Lublin in south-eastern Poland. The obtained research results focus on the influence of selected driving parameters, such as: mileage, road characteristics, number of vehicle stops, number of vehicle stops at intersections and in front of pedestrian crossings, depending on the driving style. The analysis of the results shows the benefits of eco-driving in city traffic.
Folklore Tourism in Jepara
Authors: Harsono Siswo
Published: October 2022

AbstractJepara folklore is potential to develop to be folklore tourism. This research aims at investigating Jepara folklore, particularly the legend of Teluk Awur, the legend of Bandengan,  Pesta Lomban (Lomban Festival) and Perang Obor (Torch War). The theories used in this research are folklore and tourism. This research uses library and field work methods. The legends and ritual ceremonies can be developed into a package of folklore tourism in Jepara. Both legends relate to ecotourism; and Both of the traditional ceremonies relate thanksgiving (selametan) and rejecting danger (tolak bala) done by the local communities. Jepara folklore is the base of folklore tourism in Jepara.Keywords: Jepara Folklore; Legend; Ritual tradition; Folklore tourism.
Does Javanese have Inflectional Phrase?
Authors: Subiyanto Agus
Published: October 2022

Abstract        In generative grammar, especially in the X-bar theory, all syntactic constructions are claimed to be endocentric.  This principle enforces a sentence or a clause to be treated as an inflectional phrase, with the inflectional category as the head. This principle has been attested for many languages and it has become a general rule. However, some languages like Javanese may behave differently from languages having the inflection system like English. This paper aims to discuss whether Javanese has Inflectional phrase or not. The data used in this study was taken from a Javanese magazine Panjebar Semangat, collected using an observation technique. The result of the analysis shows that Javanese lexicons expressing tense, aspect, and modals belong to inflections and they have the maximal projection as Inflectional Phrase.  Keywords: inflectional phrase, Javanese, X-bar theory
Impoliteness and Rudeness in Sawungkampret Comics by Dwi Koendoro
Authors: Savitri Ayu Ida
Published: October 2022

Impoliteness and rudeness are two different terms although both of them refer to the similar offensive behaviour. The difference of those terms lays on the intention of the speaker in doing the offensive behaviour. Culpeper (1996) introduces Impoliteness Theory as something he calls the parasite of Brown and Levinson’s (1987) Politeness Theory by exposing five super strategies: Bald on Record Impoliteness, Positive Impoliteness, Negative Impoliteness, Sarcasm or Mock Impoliteness, and Withhold Politeness. Furthermore, he divides impoliteness into three types: Affective, Coercive, and Entertaining Impoliteness. Meanwhile, rudeness is defined as what          a speaker said or did –or even not said and done– which offends a hearer and prevents him/her     to feel comfortable or convenience with the speaker’s words or acts. (Rondina and Workman, 2005:3). It is a kind of negative behaviour which is insensitive or disrespectful reflecting someone’s disregard towards others (Dubrin, 2011:87). In relation with Brown and Levinson (1987) Face Threatening Act (FTA), Beebe (1995) defines rudeness as “an FTA or features of FTA” breaking social interaction norms of the social context of it (in Culpeper, 2011:19). Culpeper (2005) himself considers impoliteness is done either intentionally or accidentally because impoliteness comes about when: (1) a speaker intentionally hold face-attack communication, or (2) a hearer assumes and/or considers a particular behaviour as “intended face-attacking”, or a combination of (1) and (2)” (in Bousfield and Locher, 2008:131). According to Segara (2007:141), rudeness happens when someone disregard and disobey the proper social manners with discourteous intention. It can be said that impoliteness is intentionally or accidentally occurs because of the hearer’s linguistics’s incompetence, while rudeness                   is intentionally happens to offend the hearer whether he/she gets offended or not. This research is done to show the difference of impoliteness and rudeness by using Sawungkampret Comics created by Dwi Koendoro as data source to get the sample of impoliteness and rudeness.            The result shows that impoliteness can be done intentionally or not depending on what a speaker wants to show with his/her impoliteness, the hearer himself/herself gets the effect of impoliteness, and it is mainly used linguistics component. On the other hand, rudeness is done intentionally to show the speaker’s want, the hearer and people around him/her get the effect of rudeness, and         it uses linguistics component along with culture and the sense of humanities embedded in it.
The Use of Formal Language Standards on Writing Thesis Report by The Library Science Undergraduate Students Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University on Thesis Report Year 2010 -2014
Authors: Jumino Jumino
Published: October 2022

The ability to search information is very important for students, especially when they write thesis. Whether they are able to understand information during the course of their studies is evident from the thesis reports they write. This article discusses how in the ability of student information search based on the thesis report of the Library Science Undergraduate students of Faculty of Humanities Diponegoro University, thesis reports 2010 to 2014. Methods of data collection done were documentation, then the data were processed by using qualitative methods to analyze the use formal language standard, report writing system, and thesis bibliography. The analysis result shows there are still many mistakes the students do in writing thesis. This indicates that there is still need for improvement and improvement of the system of teaching and writing guidance in order to obtain maximum results in writing thesis reports later on.Keywords: information search; formal language standard; writing system; thesis report
“Denmark As A Prison of Life” In Shakespeare’s Hamlet (A Semiotic Approach In Literature)
Authors: Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: October 2022

AbstractHamlet is one of the well-known Shakespeare’s drama highlighting betrayal, murder, and revenge. This paper discusses Shakespeare’s Hamlet by studying signs in the text with a semiotic approach in literature. “Denmark is prison” is chosen to be the primary signifier in Shakespeare’s Hamlet that can represent all the main characters’ feeling and perspective in the text such as Hamlet, Claudius, Getrude, Hamlet’s ghostly father, Polonius, Ophelia, Laertes, Horatio, Fortinbras, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern. They feel Denmark is a prison for their heart. Prison is a symbol of an unpleasant place where the dwellers do not feel happy since they cannot live freely. The characters’ own feeling leads them to live in Denmark unhappily. The story climax is that all of the main characters at the end of the story suffer or die tragically. Key words: Hamlet, signifier, prison, betrayal, murder
Semiotic Elements on William Shakespeare’s Hamlet Prince of Denmark
Authors: Atrinawati Atrinawati
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis article analysis Hamlet Prince of Denmark, a tragic drama written by William Shakespeare. The purpose of this study is to finding out basic narrative scheme, prime signifier and paradigmatic and syntagmatic aspects of the drama. The approaches that I used is semiotics and close reading. The result shows that the narration centered on a binary opposition, hesitated revenge being the prime signifier, and paradigmatic and syntagmatic revealed details of the signals. Based on the analyses, William Shakespeare’s Hamlet Prince of Denmark contain prime signifier Keywords: semiotic; signifier; paradigmatic; syntagmatic.
Directive Speech Acts in Lanang Setiawan’s Poems
Authors: Mualimin Mualimin
Published: October 2022

Directives are utterances intended for the listeners or readers to do something as desired by the speaker or the author. Poem as one of the literary works is the expression of the author delivered to the readers. As an expression of the author's, poems probably contain more expressive utterances than the directive ones. This paper attempts to examine poems written by Lanang Setiawan, a local writer from Tegal who wrote lots of poems in the Javanese dialect of Tegal. The poems written by Lanang will be used as data to be analyzed by using pragmatic theory.Keywords: directive speech acts, Javanese  language of Tegal, Tegal literature
Netlore Tourism in Pekalongan
Authors: Harsono Siswo
Published: October 2022

AbstractNetlore and tourism have a significant relation. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relation between Pekalongan netlore and tourism. This research uses the theory of netlore and folklore tourism. The methods applied in this research are library research and fieldwork. Library research is focused on Pekalongan netlore; and fieldwork is focused on Pekalongan tourism. The findings are that Pekalongan folklore circulated in the internet are used as cultural comunication and tourism promotion. In can be concluded that netlore and tourism have a symbiotic relation in Pekalongan.Keywords: Netlore; folklore; tourism.
Ear-Pleasing Devices in The Police’s “Every Breath You Take”
Authors: Jati Ariya
Published: October 2022

This essay is concerned with sound devices in The Police’s “Every Breath You Take”. The sound devices include the rhythm, metre, and rhyme in the lyric. The study is led by the relation between poetry and music, and it is intended to allow the relation to be used in the teaching of English language and literature. The study applies a textual analysis, and it adopts Cuddon’s concept of poetic sounds. The analysis shows a rhythmical metrics in the rhyming lines of the lyric. In brief, the lyric is not musical, but it is also poetic. It is expected that the study will be suitable for general readership in English language and literature, with specific interest in music.
Applications of Freudian Psychoanalysis in Rebecca
Authors: Respatio Christine Resnitriwati
Published: October 2022

AbstractPeople’s soul is a mistery and is difficult to be understood.  This is because our consious life just only appears in small portion (1/8 part) meanwhile most of them (7/8 part) can not be seen.  In our unconcious lif, thre are lots of needs that must be fullfilled and people find out the way by themselves to do that, for examples by writing, painting and even by dreaming.  The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dreams and halucinations the main character has in Rebecca.    The writer used Freud’s psichoanalysis to analyze the main character’s dreams and hallucinations.  The results show that the young woman as the main character in Rebecca is able to overcome her bad dreams and hallucinations.  She grows being a strong mature woman.Key words: id, ego, superego, hallucinations, psychoanalysis
The Development of English Vocabularies
Authors: Sundari Wiwiek
Published: October 2022

Vocabularies are important parts of all languages across the globe. When vocabularies develop through human communication, the language is considered as a living language instead of a dead language. English is a living language that undergoes some developments both in grammar and vocabularies. Those developments include pronunciation, spelling, and meaning that occur in every period, that is to say, Old English, Middle English, and Modern English. In addition, English has cosmopolitan and resourcefulness characteristics. English is a cosmopolitan language since it borrows and adopts some vocabularies from other languages and resourcefulness means that English undergoes some affixation through derivation and inflection. This article discusses the metamorphoses of English vocabularies in several periods.
US Students’ Experience in the Indonesian Abroad Programs: Narratives as Awareness of Cultures and Identities
Authors: Suwarno Peter
Published: October 2022

US Students’ Experience in the Indonesian Abroad Programs: Narratives as Awareness of Cultures and Identities
Stylistics: Towards a Linguistic Analysis of Literature
Authors: Candria Mytha
Published: October 2022

A linguistic analysis of literature has caused debates among linguists and between linguists and literary critics. The debate among linguists occurs because they have different opinions regarding the nature of literary language, while the debate between linguists and literary scholars arises as literary scholars question the authority of linguistics to study literary writings. Therefore, in this paper I argue that the language of literature is similar to that of non-literary texts, and I also believe that because the centrality of language in literary writings, linguistics, as the study of language, has the authority to study literature. One linguistic approach to literature is stylistics, which studies the forms, functions, and meanings of literary language in a detailed and systematic way.  Keywords: linguistics; literature; literary language; stylistics;
Ethnocentrism and Bias Incidents: Is There a Common Thread?
Authors: Pratama Rifka
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses the concepts of culture, ethnocentrism, and bias incidents targeting minority groups, in this case Muslims, in the US. The discussion about the concepts of culture is needed to give a comprehensive understanding of culture and other related topics. It helps to understand the basis of ethnocentrism. Further, it elaborates on both the concept of ethnocentrism and bias incidents that occur in America to find whether there is a common thread between the understanding and the phenomena or not. The study found that ethnocentrism could be the cause of bias incidents targeting minority groups in America. The data is obtained by using the library research method. Keywords: Culture; Ethnocentrism; Bias Incidents; America.
The Stereotype of American Bikers as reflected in Poison’s “Ride the Wind” and Twisted Sister’s “Ride to Live, Live to Ride”
Authors: Laksono Arido
Published: October 2022

Bikers are often considered as brutal, unlawful and unoccupied group of people disrupting the order of society. In some cases, they belong to certain gangs committing serious crime. Yet, there are also bikers riding their motorcycles in order to experience ultimate freedom; the freedom of chasing the wind and living outdoor close to nature. The idea of American Dream puts a solid basis on the two phenomena previously mentioned. The short article reveals the stereotype of American bikers by analyzing the lyrics of Ride the Wind and Ride to live, Live to Ride. The argumentative analysis is developed and elaborated through several elements of the lyrics, sociological point of view and historical perspectives. Hence, a comprehensive discussion can be developed and acquired.                                            Keywords: Stereotype, Bikers, American Dream, Gangs, Freedom
The Debate upon Acquiring Bilingualism Brings Excessive Advantages or Burdensome to Young Learners
Authors: Anjarini Tyas Putri , Nirmala Deli , Kepirianto Catur
Published: October 2022

Nowadays, controversy of bilingual education system program still exist. Bilingualism remains as an issue particularly whether or not it is appropriate to be taught for young learners. Learning two languages in the same time is seen to create damaging effect into confusion for children in their age. In spite of the criticism, there are advantages which is offered from bilingual education. Seeing on how bilinguals have good deals as across many aspects such as cognitive control and linguistic knowledge whose the learners are better in problem solving and high order thinking skills, the purpose of the study is going to focus on how bilingualism is suitable or not to learn for young learners. Since young learners are in the golden age to acquire new language, linguistic knowledge and cognitive skills are effective enough to be taught. Therefore, the study focuses more on the discussion of previous research on whether or not bilingualism give difficulties or advantages to children. It will discuss by introducing English to young learners who will meet benefits or problems of bilingualism in early childhood. Keywords: Bilingual education; bilingualism; young learners; second language; early childhood.
Michael Riffaterre’s Semiotics on William Shakespeare’s A Madrigal (A Semiotic Analysis on Poetry)
Authors: Sari Pradani Putri Intan , Syamsu Rizal Sarif
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study is entitled “Michael Riffater's Semiotics on William Shakespeare's A Madrigal (A Structural and Semiotics Criticism on Poetry)”. The purpose of this study is to find out what aspects of Michael Riffaterre's semiotics are composed in William Shakespeare's A Madrigal poem. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the semiotic aspects, and library research to collect data. In order to achieve the objectivity of this study, the literary study approach used is  structural and semiotic approach. The structural approach directs the description of aspects of the physical appearance and the semiotic approach limits the description of the semiotic aspects in William Shakespeare's A Madrigal. The results of the study show that there are four aspects and their sub-aspects found in William Shakespeare's A Madrigal. The first aspect is the result of Heuristic and Hermeneutic readings and there are three sub-aspects found, namely Syntax Extraction, Morphological Change, and Normative and Semantic Forms. The second aspect is Indirect Expression including three sub-aspects that are found, namely Shifting Meaning, Distorting Meaning, and Creating Meanings. The third aspect is Matrix, Variants and Models. The fourth aspect is Potential and Actual Hypogram.Keywords: Semiotics; Michael Riffatere; Mandrigal
IDENTIFYING THE FIGURE OF THE QUEEN KALINYAMAT IN A HISTORICAL TEXT USING TRANSITIVITY SYSTEM
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to identify the characterization of the Queen Kalinyamat as one of the woman leaders in the Javanese kingdoms. Choosing the history text is interesting, because that is not fictional and imaginative text, but it was written by authors who have never seen and experienced the events they wrote. The bias and tendency of the authors are unavoidable. The study chose Peranan Ratu Kalinyamat di Jepara pada Abad XVI as the data source, and selected two chapters that talk about the Queen Kalinyamat. Data are clauses containing the noun group Ratu Kalinyamat and their derivate. To analyze the data, the researcher used transitivity system as the theoretical framework. The result shows that the authors describe two sides of the Queen character, those are the personal and the social characters. The characterization was realized through describing what the Queen did, thought, felt, and the Queen temper and physical appearance. The systemic functional linguistic approach offers other possibilities to construct the figure of the Queen Kalinyamat.
The Representation of the Concept of Love in English Children and Adult Song Lyrics Based on Transitivity
Authors: Liztiawati Tia , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the study is to explain the way the concept of love is represented in adult's song and children's song, using the conceptual framework of transitivity. In this research, the writer used descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research are obtained from the internet. The lyrics are downloaded from the website and YouTube channel providing by Laci Abdul Jalil, lirik.kapanlagi.com, Kak Zepe, The Kiboomers, and bus song. The result of this study are as follows: 1) The three main processes; behavioral, relational, and material, are dominating the total number of occurrences in the selected adult songs. The behavioral process is the highest for 24,83% with a total of 435 occurrences. The relational process comes second for 22,53%. The smallest percentage for the main process is the material process for 19,54%. On the other hand, the three main processes; mental, material, and relational, are dominating the total number of occurrences in the selected children's songs. 2) The most dominant participants found in both songs are senser. That is consciously being who feels, thinks, sees, or perceives (love). 3) The circumstances of the time in both songs show that the adult songs are more varied than children's songs.
Tom Hansen’s Defense Mechanisms in (500) Days of Summer Movie by Marc Webb
Authors: Yusuf Arumira , Pratama Rifka
Published: October 2022

The writer intends to analyze one of the remarkable movies directed by Marc Webb which is titled (500) Days of Summer in this thesis. This thesis is written in a purpose to analyze acts of defense mechanisms portrayed in the main character of the film, Tom Hansen, as well as to analyze several intrinsic elements of the film including characterization and conflict. The writer utilizes psychological and objective approaches in order to analyze Tom Hansen’s existing defense mechanism and the intrinsic elements in the film. Meanwhile, library research is used as the method of research in collecting the data for this thesis. Finally, the result of the data analysis shows that there are several acts of defense mechanisms represented by Tom Hansen character to struggle with his love for Summer Finn such as projection, denial, displacement, reaction formation, and sublimation that differ in how they operate to undergo Tom Hansen’s negative effects.Keywords: (500) Days of Summer; Marc Webb; Tom Hansen; Defense Mechanisms; Movie.
Psychoanalytical Conflict, Anxiety, and Ego Defense Mechanism of Aza Holmes in John Green’s Turtles All the Way Down
Authors: Palarani Yunindya , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Published: October 2022

This research aims to explain the psychoanalytical conflict, anxiety, and the ego defense mechanism of Aza Holmes by using Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis theory. The method of approach used in this research is the Psychology of Literature approach, while the method of collecting the data is library research. The primary data comes from the novel Turtles All the Way Down written by John Green and the secondary data comes from other text-based sources related to Freud’s Psychoanalysis theory. Furthermore, this research suggests that Aza Holmes’ ego is weak which causes her to conflict with her own self and other people around her. This conflict leads to the rising of her neurotic and moral anxieties. To relieve the tension of her anxiety, Aza Holmes performs some ego defense mechanisms such as projection, fixation, and displacement. Keywords: personality structure; psychoanalytical conflict; anxiety; ego defense mechanism; Freudian psychanalysis
Teaching Project Based Learning in English for Specific Purposes
Authors: Wulandari Dwi
Published: October 2022

English course in Diponegoro University as the basic required course is offered mostly by the department without giving any prior consideration of its purpose, and mostly arranged by the teachers without any guidance from the departments. This study is conducted with the purpose to see the possibility of teaching English by focusing the materials on students’ main competence and emphasized on student centered learning. The action research is targeted on having students use their English in demonstrating their main competence both in speaking and writing, through the method of Project Based Learning. The result shows that students are more motivated to study English and that it helps students to take the benefit of learning English for the development of their main competence. The further benefit is that students are able to increase their ability in academic writing and that they have more confident in speaking English. The main drawback from the study is that the groups work well to help students work more completely and easily, however it is true that since the works are mostly in group, individual problem may not be easily catered.
Political Commitment, Policy Consequences, and Moral Beliefs: Survey Evidence on the Minimum Wage
Authors: Agarwal Neha , Fairris David
Published: October 2022

Does information regarding the economic consequences of a minimum wage affect the level of support for or opposition to minimum wage policy? We conduct an online survey of 2242 US respondents to study this question. We randomly assign differing, empirically plausible estimates of minimum wage impacts on three outcomes—employment, the distribution of minimum wage gains to households, and comparative impacts of a government transfer program versus a minimum wage— in order to explore the relationship between minimum wage consequences and political commitment. Our results show that while political commitment is indeed influenced by information on the policy’s consequences, such information rarely leads to fundamental changes in political commitment. This is consistent with findings in the larger literature on the effects of information provision on political commitment. We offer a novel explanation for such findings by surveying respondents on their moral beliefs regarding the minimum wage, focusing on the extent to which these beliefs are consequentialist or non-consequentialist in nature. We find that non-consequentialist moral beliefs are prevalent among survey respondents and that the more intense are these beliefs, the less likely people are to be swayed by the policy’s consequences.
Linguistic typology of motion events in visual narratives
Authors: Hacımusaoğlu Irmak , Cohn Neil
Published: October 2022

Languages use different strategies to encode motion. Some use particles or “satellites” to describe a path of motion (Satellite-framed or S-languages like English), while others typically use the main verb to convey the path information (Verb-framed or V-languages like French). We here ask: might this linguistic variation lead to differences in the way paths are depicted in visual narratives like comics? We analyzed a corpus of 85 comics originally created by speakers of S-languages (comics from the United States, China, Germany) and V-languages (France, Japan, Korea) for both their depictions of path segments (source, route, and goal) and the visual cues signaling these paths and manner information (e.g., motion lines and postures). Panels from S-languages depicted more path segments overall, especially routes, than those from V-languages, but panels from V-languages more often isolated path segments into their own panels. Additionally, comics from S-languages depicted more motion cues than those from V-languages, and this linguistic typology also interacted with panel framing. Despite these differences across typological groups, analysis of individual countries’ comics showed more nuanced variation than a simple S–V dichotomy. These findings suggest a possible influence of spoken language structure on depicting motion events in visual narratives and their sequencing.
Development and implementation of disaster recovery plan in stock exchange industry in Indonesia
Authors: Gaol Ford Lumban , Andry  , Matsuo Tokuro
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this work is to develop and implement a disaster recovery plan (DRP) in stock exchange industry in Indonesia, in order to perform a system recovery in the event of a disaster. To develop a DRP, there are several steps that must be performed as a risk analysis to determine how much risk the company would receive when a disaster occurs, business impact analysis to identify critical business units and necessary resources for the recovery process to run smoothly, to identify recovery strategies to be used as a backup method and recovery site, the recovery procedure that needs to be done in order to make the recovery process run properly, testing and review, and documentation of the DRP. Based on the results of tests that have been done, the development of DRPs can be implemented at stock Exchange industry in Indonesia. With the DRP, the company is expected to have a plan to prepare for and recover resources and information systems in order to be able to walk back in the event of a disaster in order to minimize losses to the company.
Dekodierung der Implizitheit des wertenden Urteils in Komplimenten (am Beispiel der cross-kulturellen Analyse von Gesprächen in männlichen geschlechtshomogenen Gruppen)
Authors: Khrystenko Oksana
Published: October 2022

Decoding the implicitness of evaluative judgment in compliments (based on the cross-cultural analysis of conversations in male gender-homogeneneous groups). In this paper, the implicit (anti)compliments within male gender-homogeneneous groups are examined in a contrastive way. After reviewing some findings to the implicit compliments, the paper deals with a case study referring to decoding of implicit positive evaluative judgment, which constitutes a primary illocution of the compliment. The following study examines whether there are certain differences and similarities in the frequency, subject matter and phonological design of implicit (anti)compliments in [the] groups of males with different cultural backgrounds. The study also shows whichcontextualization cuescan contribute to the decoding of the negative evaluative statement in implicit anticompliments.
The Power of Governments in Fight Against COVID-19: High-Performing Health Systems or Government Response Policies?
Authors: Sariyer Gorkem , Sozen Mert Erkan , Ataman Mustafa Gokalp
Published: October 2022

Due to the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 disease, there have been tremendous efforts worldwide to keep the spread of the virus under control and protect the functioning of health systems. Although governments take many actions in fighting this pandemic, it is well known that health systems play an undeniable role in this fight. This study aimed to investigate the role of health systems and government responses in fighting COVID-19. By purposively sampling Finland, Denmark, the UK, and Italy and analyzing their health systems’ performances, governments’ stringency indexes, and COVID-19 spread variables, this study showed that high-performing health systems were the main power of states in managing pandemic environments. This study also measured relations between short and medium-term measures and COVID-19 case and death numbers in all study countries. It showed that medium-term measures had significant effects on death numbers.
Optimism & Expenditures: The Effect on Settlements
Authors: Depoorter Ben , De Mot Jef
Published: October 2022

This article challenges the conventional wisdom in economic models of litigation that optimism necessarily increases the likelihood of trial and that pessimism increases the chances of settlement. We show that optimism may, to the contrary, expand the settlement range. By increasing the perceived value at stake in litigation, optimism may induce parties to invest additional resources in a dispute, which increases the overall bargaining range. Because of the strategic nature of litigation expenditures, optimistic litigants may spend an amount that outweighs the negative impact of optimism on the bargaining surplus. Whether optimism increases or decreases the settlement rate ultimately depends on whether, in concrete instances, the negative effects of optimism on the bargaining surplus outweigh the positive effects created by the additional investments in litigation. Our results provide counterintuitive insights into the selection of disputes for litigation. (JEL K00, K21).
Synthesis and luminescent properties of red-emitting Li2CaSnO4: xEu3+ phosphors
Authors: Ullah Arif , Zhuang Jinghao , Yang Xiaozhan , Feng Wenlin
Published: October 2022

Red emitting Li2CaSnO4: xEu3+ phosphors were successfully synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state method. The crystal structure, composite and luminescence properties (e.g. the excitation and emission spectra, fluorescent lifetimes, and CIE chromaticity coordinates) of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and spectral analysis technique. The emission spectra consist of the characteristic peak resultant to Eu3+ under the excitation of 395 nm and the dominant emission peak is at 621 nm (7F0→5L6). The optimal red emission was obtained through 4% Eu3+ doping. These new red Li2CaSnO4: Eu3+ phosphors have the potential application for white LEDs.
U.S. Influences on Chinese Educational Reform
Authors: Wong Sam J.L. , Wong Brian Z.
Published: October 2022

An analysis of the writings of Kuang Qizhao, a Qing official who spent time in the U.S. from 1874 through 1882, indicates that the initial stimulus for China’s educational reforms began much earlier than 1895. Based on his observations of schools and his interactions with the intelligentsia of Connecticut, Kuang came to the radical conclusion that universal education for both males and females would be the key to China’s wealth and power. He also believed that religion and tradition were crucial for inculcating the morality he saw as necessary for an effective modern society. Kuang played a role in establishing some of China’s first colleges; he promoted his educational reform ideas through his textbooks and newspapers; and he influenced some of China’s most important educational reformers, with Qing official Zhang Zhidong initiating significant educational and military reforms based on Kuang’s ideas.
Regeneration of the human segmentation clock in somitoids in vitro
Authors: Qin Yue , Huang Xingnan , Cai Zepo , Cai Baomei , He Jiangping , Yao Yuxiang , Zhou Chunhua , Kuang Junqi , Yang Yihang , Chen Huan , Chen Yating , Ou Sihua , Chen Lijun , Wu Fang , Guo Ning , Yuan Yapei , Zhang Xiangyu , Pang Wei , Feng Ziyu , Yu Shengyong , Liu Jing , Cao Shangtao , Pei Duanqing
Published: October 2022

Each vertebrate species appears to have a unique timing mechanism for forming somites along the vertebral column, and the process in human remains poorly understood at the molecular level due to technical and ethical limitations. Here, we report the reconstitution of human segmentation clock by direct reprogramming. We first reprogrammed human urine epithelial cells to a presomitic mesoderm (PSM) state capable of long‐term self‐renewal and formation of somitoids with an anterior‐to‐posterior axis. By inserting the RNA reporter Pepper into HES7 and MESP2 loci of these iPSM cells, we show that both transcripts oscillate in the resulting somitoids at ~5 h/cycle. GFP‐tagged endogenous HES7 protein moves along the anterior‐to‐posterior axis during somitoid formation. The geo‐sequencing analysis further confirmed anterior‐to‐posterior polarity and revealed the localized expression of WNT, BMP, FGF, and RA signaling molecules and HOXA‐D family members. Our study demonstrates the direct reconstitution of human segmentation clock from somatic cells, which may allow future dissection of the mechanism and components of such a clock and aid regenerative medicine.
An apical membrane complex for triggering rhoptry exocytosis and invasion in Toxoplasma
Authors: Sparvoli Daniela , Delabre Jason , Penarete‐Vargas Diana Marcela , Kumar Mageswaran Shrawan , Tsypin Lev M , Heckendorn Justine , Theveny Liam , Maynadier Marjorie , Mendonça Cova Marta , Berry‐Sterkers Laurence , Guérin Amandine , Dubremetz Jean‐François , Urbach Serge , Striepen Boris , Turkewitz Aaron P , Chang Yi‐Wei , Lebrun Maryse
Published: October 2022

Apicomplexan parasites possess secretory organelles called rhoptries that undergo regulated exocytosis upon contact with the host. This process is essential for the parasitic lifestyle of these pathogens and relies on an exocytic machinery sharing structural features and molecular components with free‐living ciliates. However, how the parasites coordinate exocytosis with host interaction is unknown. Here, we performed a Tetrahymena‐based transcriptomic screen to uncover novel exocytic factors in Ciliata and conserved in Apicomplexa. We identified membrane‐bound proteins, named CRMPs, forming part of a large complex essential for rhoptry secretion and invasion in Toxoplasma. Using cutting‐edge imaging tools, including expansion microscopy and cryo‐electron tomography, we show that, unlike previously described rhoptry exocytic factors, TgCRMPs are not required for the assembly of the rhoptry secretion machinery and only transiently associate with the exocytic site—prior to the invasion. CRMPs and their partners contain putative host cell‐binding domains, and CRMPa shares similarities with GPCR proteins. Collectively our data imply that the CRMP complex acts as a host–molecular sensor to ensure that rhoptry exocytosis occurs when the parasite contacts the host cell.