bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Picturing Annie's Egypt. Terra di Cleopatra by Annie Vivanti
Authors: Urbancic Anne
Published: January 2021

Her readers would not have found the Egyptian adventure portrayed in Terra di Cleopatra to have been too unusual or exotic for Annie Vivanti, a world traveller who had already described countless foreign locales and adventures in previous works. Some of these were presented as fiction; others were understood as autobiographical, especially because she was usually her own protagonist. My study shows that Vivanti’s account of her visit to the land of Cleopatra, was highly compromised by her political allegiances, despite the impression given to readers, including by the publisher, that her book was a reliable travelogue.
A Century and More of Italians in Toronto: An Overview of Settlement
Authors: Scardellato Gabriele
Published: January 2021

Through the use of various published and original sources this study outlines the reception and settlement of Italian immigrants in a modern Canadian urban environment. Substantial Italian migration and immigration to Toronto began in the late nineteenth century. The first migrants and immigrants were dispersed across at least four relatively distinct, inner-city neighbourhoods. Over time, and in particular after World War Two, one of these neighbourhoods grew to become one of the largest settlements of its type outside of Italy. Now in the process of gentrification, the area known as College Street Little Italy served a pivotal role in the accommodation of Italian immigrants in Toronto.
Ipocondria, scienza medica e poesia. Una congiuntura settecentesca
Authors: Parmegiani Sandra
Published: January 2021

This article opens with a survey of the works of those physicians who, in the eighteenth century, expanded on the Classical and Renaissance theorization of hypochondria. It then looks at the connections between hypochondria and literary creation, a theme which is explored by several Italian eighteenth-century authors, among them Bernardino Ramazzini, Antonio Fracassini, Antonio Pujati, and Giovanni Verardo Zeviani. The study of the literati's hypochondria was very much in fashion in eighteenth-century Italy, as — on the other hand — at the peak of the grand tour craze it was fashionable, in the land of Dante, to declare oneself affected by the "English malady." The essay then focuses on the links between medicine and poetry with an examination of the literary creations of Italian and English poet-physicians who provided an exposition in verse of this 'disease of the learned.' Ultimately, science seems to confirm that the effort to defy mortality through knowledge and artistic achievement is a vain but unavoidable attempt, and that man in the age of reason suffers, more that ever before, from the unruly disease of an altered imagination.
Of Golden Feathers and Light Reading: Guido Gozzano's "Piumadoro e Piombofino"
Authors: Mazzoni Cristina
Published: January 2021

Guido Gozzano's "Piumadoro e Piombofino" (1909) is a text light in terms of genre (a literary fairy tale), style (six short, poetic segments, rich in repetitions and fantastic elements), and, most obviously, content (the eponymous protagonist suffers from a spell that has made her body weightless). A comparison between Gozzano's tale and its two literary antecedents — George MacDonald's "The Light Princess" and Luigi Capuana's "Piuma d'oro" — reveals a play with citations and literary models analogous to that found in Gozzano's poetry as well as the addition of significant social reflections: Gozzano's protagonist overcomes the hurdles of a difficult age (embodied in the tasks of the Fairy of Adolescence); she saves the man she loves rather than the other way around; she starts out at the lowest social rank and becomes, in the end, a queen.
From Nestoroff to Garbo: Pirandellian Humour in Its Cinematic Vernacular. 29
Authors: Syrimis Michael
Published: January 2021

A discussion of the 1932 Hollywood adaptation of Pirandello's 1930 play, Come tu mi vuoi, in the context of Miriam Hansen's analysis of Hollywood cinema as "vernacular modernism" allows us to explore the relationship between Pirandello's umorismo and mass culture. The coexistence of multiple identity constructs in the absence of one stable identity is at the core of umorismo and is vividly dramatized in the play's presumably amnesiac female protagonist. The film's humoristic dimension is found not so much in its explicit discourse on identity, which the film's happy ending largely tends to resolve, as in its peculiar reconstruction of the Greta Garbo star-image, lying in excess of the film's story and diegesis, which shares with Pirandello's humour the constellation of diverse and competing images as projected onto the figure of the female protagonist.
Per una nuova drammaturgia. L'egloga nel Quattrocento italiano: dall'idea dell'esecuzione alla pratica scenica
Authors: Bortoletti Francesca
Published: January 2021

Tema centrale del presente saggio è la questione assai dibattuta dell'egloga rappresentativa a confine tra XV e XVI secolo, qui indagata al di fuori delle categorie aristoteliche, che saranno proprie del dramma pastorale del pieno Cinquecento. L'egloga rappresentativa è così posta in relazione, da un lato, all'esperienza lirica dei poeti bucolici quattrocenteschi entro un quadro di acceso sperimentalismo sulla poesia recitativa e, dall'altro, alle singole realtà locali e all'interno dei singoli sistemi produttivi coevi dello spettacolo, delle tecniche recitative, delle riflessioni teoriche, dei rapporti tra intellettuali e specialisti dell'intrattenimento e tra questi e le corti. Attraverso alcuni passaggi esemplificativi il saggio propone di localizzare le tensioni e gli esiti di un processo di deduzione del materiale lirico pastorale nelle convenzioni di una drammaturgia atta alla scena e allo spettacolo di corte.
Il romanzo d'amore di Sibilla Aleramo e Dino Campana in Un Viaggio Chiamato Amore. Lettere 1916-1918
Authors: Cecchini Fabiana
Published: January 2021

Nello scambio epistolare tra Sibilla Aleramo e Dino Campana realmente avvenuto tra il 1916-1918 e edito nella raccolta Un viaggio chiamato amore dalla studiosa Bruna Conti, si riscontrano ricercate pose da innamorati che danno origine ad una storia d'amore al confine tra realtà e creazione letteraria, di cui Sibilla si rivela essere abile artefice e regista. L'intento dell'Aleramo di fare della propria esistenza un'opera d'arte unito alla colta e raffinata complicità intellettuale di Dino Campana, rendono la lettera un luogo in cui proiettare non solo il sentimento di due amanti lontani, ma anche lo spazio in cui Sibilla plasma la sua identità di amante-attrice di un dramma amoroso. La corrispondenza, quindi, come unica testimone del loro idillio realizza la fusione tra vita e arte, trasformando il carteggio Aleramo-Campana nel romanzo del loro amore.
Virago Valorosa o “Marfisa Bizarra”? La Donna Guerriera ne La Pazzia d’Isabella (1611) di Flaminio Scala e ne Lo Schiavetto (1612) di Giovan Battista Andreini
Authors: Denzel Valentina
Published: January 2021

In questo articolo confrontiamo la messa in scena dei personaggi femminili delle due commedie La pazzia di Isabella (1611) di Flaminio Scala e Lo Schiavetto (1612) di Giovan Battista Andreini. Le protagoniste della commedia di Scala, Isabella e Flaminia, rievocano per la loro presa d’armi le guerriere ariostesche, Marfisa e Bradamante. Per vendicare l’infedeltà maschile e per proteggere i loro interessi, Flaminia ed Isabella ricorrono alla violenza. I loro atti non vengono però giustiziati, ma servono invece a ristabilire l’ordine. In effetti, La pazzia d’Isabella finisce con un matrimonio doppio, celebrato tra le protagoniste e i loro amanti pentiti. Lo Schiavetto rafforza invece la gerarchia tradizionale tra i sessi, concedendo ai personaggi maschili un ruolo più importante. L’immagine della donna guerriera viene parodiata, perché la commedia di Andreini allude, tra l’altro, al poema epico Marfisa bizarra (1531) di Giovan Battista Dragoncino, che mette in ridicolo la virago ariostesca.
'Né mendicanti, né poveri': la libertà nelle utopie italiane del Rinascimento
Authors: Perissinotto Cristina
Published: January 2021

Questo saggio analizza il problema della libertà in utopia con l’aiuto di un apparato filosofico di tradizione principalmente italiana e anglosassone, ove il discorso sulla libertà è sempre stato centrale. Alla luce dell’utopia eponima, quella di Thomas More, si discute il ruolo che alla libertà venne destinato nelle utopie italiane del Rinascimento. Si indica una strada per risolvere l’aporia che vede libertà e utopia come concetti contrapposti, dimostrando che per connetterli occorre calarsi in una realtà affatto diversa da quella contemporanea, e studiare l’universo teorico in cui la libertà rinascimentale convive con l’idea di utopia, mondo migliore, città ideale.
Primo Levi and Hunger
Authors: Antonucci Daniela Bisello
Published: January 2021

When Primo Levi was deported to Auschwitz in 1944, he suffered from physical hunger. But the association of this real hunger—the lack of food—with his other desperate hunger—his desire to tell his story—created the energy to make a connection with the world after the Lager experience. This study shows how Levi’s eagerness to write about his other hunger animated and supported his appetite for life. By doing so, Levi obtained the knowledge he needed to understand it, and be able to live after the Lager.
De Roberto and Faenza: Ideological Shifts in I Viceré
Authors: Pagliaro Annamaria
Published: January 2021

This article examines the relationship between De Roberto’s I Viceré and Faenza’s film adaptation focusing on the two texts’ different ideological positions and narrative strategies. Both texts depict the mechanisms employed by a ruling caste to remain in power through a period of acute social change. The novel, through a multifocal narration, gives agency to individuals for shaping their environment and presents them in their alienating subjective deformation of reality, casting the historymaking process and any interpretation of it in an ambivalent light. The film focuses on the family saga and on the ongoing trasformismo of the Italian political system bringing to the fore its resonance with the present. The characters, particularly Consalvo as the principal voice, are represented as victims of a larger socio-political mechanism.
Children in Fascist Regime Cinema: The Case of Luigi Ballerini’s La Fuggitiva (1941)
Authors: Bettella Patrizia
Published: January 2021

After a sustained presence in silent movies, children almost vanish in Fascist cinema, which was dominated by the light comedies of the white telephones—a fact that clashes with the regime’s promotion of large families, population increase and the valorization of motherhood. Children begin to reappear in the melodramas of the early Forties mainly as a complement to the figure of the mother, who is depicted in sentimental stories about single parenthood, illegitimate children, hard negotiations between traditional motherhood and self-realization. Piero Ballerini’s film La Fuggitiva (1941) offers an interesting and problematic story of the mother-child relation, where, in the absence of the biological mother, too busy pursuing her theatrical career, we see the glorification of the maternal surrogate, a woman who is a paragon of sacrifice and selfabnegation. La Fuggitiva is also a film in which a child actress takes a prominent role. In this sentimental drama, the little girl suffers for and rebels against the loneliness and neglect stemming from the lack of a mother and a loving family setting. The film stages the crisis of the patriarchal family and the suffering of the child in ways that anticipate De Sica’s I bambini ci guardano.
Moretti’s Children: The Next Generation?
Authors: Carolan Mary Ann McDonald
Published: January 2021

Nanni Moretti’s La stanza del figlio/The Son’s Room (2001) reveals the effects of a child’s death on the protagonist Giovanni (a psycoanalyst played by Moretti) and his family. This film appears after Aprile/April (1998), which narrates both the birth of the director’s son Pietro as well as the Italian electoral campaign in 1996 in the month of the title. The arrival of a biological son followed by the death of a fictional one in Moretti’s oeuvre suggests greater implications for the parent-child relationship in Italy. This phenomenon also comments on the relationship between generations of Italian directors. An examination of Moretti’s earlier autobiographical film Caro diario/Dear Diary (1994) gives insight into this director’s relationship to other artists and also suggests implications for the future of Italian filmmaking.
Per l’edizione critica della rime di Baldassarre Castiglione e Cesare Gonzaga. Censimento e questioni attributive
Authors: Fadini Matteo
Published: January 2021

L’articolo offre i risultati del primo censimento dei testimoni delle rime di B. Castiglione e C. Gonzaga. Alla luce della tradizione vengono affrontate le questioni attributive riguardanti i testi poetici: prima del presente intervento le rime ritenute castiglionesche erano 421 — tra le quali Euro gentil che in tempi recenti è stato definitivamente attribuito a Ercole Strozzi — mentre i testi gonzaghiani editi si limitavano a una canzone, un capitolo ternario e un sonetto. I risultati del censimento e l’analisi della tradizione suggeriscono di togliere a Castiglione 8 testi e assegnarli ad altri autori, rispettivamente Luigi Cassola (5), Giacomo Bonfadio (2) e Girolamo Volpe (1); per altri 3 testi si avanza l’ipotesi che siano attribuibili a Gonzaga e non a Castiglione. Di conseguenza, il corpus; gonzaghiano conta 10 componimenti, di cui 1 già prima stampato tra le rime dubbie di Bembo. Infine si fornisce l’edizione critica di 2 componimenti: Superbi colli, e voi sacre ruine e Io dico: Amor, chi dà tal vena.
Interiorizzazione e straniamento: co-originarietà di tempo, forma e contenuto nell’Orologio di Carlo Levi
Authors: Lucamante Stefania
Published: January 2021

L’orologio, as the title of Carlo Levi’s 1950 work alludes to, marks an important time in the narrator’s life. This is a time in which the poetics of childhood and family hold a strategic importance for the narrator’s ability to come to terms with his own present and presence in the world. This study explores how Proustian notions of memory, time and self-reflection shape the narrator’s considerations on living and writing in Italy after the end of the war. As an oneiric dimension connotes the harmony of Proustian elements and segments, they also help to dispel claims of L’orologio as being a text connected to, and generated by, conventional Neorealism. They confirm, instead, Levi’s idea that, unlike other forms of naturalism, realism “creates reality for the first time in the act of expression” (Levi, Prima e dopo le parole 31). In Levi’s work, reality is created through the reality of literature and painting. The narrator’s break with linear time, as he appears less interested in the past as an external reality than in the notion of the past in the present, is the result of a personal crisis about his presence in the world. The Eternal city becomes the narrator’s companion in his existential journey, as well as its geographical focus. “Effimera e provvisoria”(L’orologio 3) is his via Gregoriana room, the one in which he is lodging at the time of writing. The notion of the ephemeral seems to paradoxically be the only (a perennial survival of sorts) permanent asset for Rome.
Il viaggiatore sedentario (1993) e Città e dintorni (2001): sensibilità postmoderna e etica ambientale in due testi odeporici di Luigi Malerba
Authors: Chiafele Anna
Published: January 2021

In questo saggio si vogliono prendere in disamina due testi di Luigi Malerba: Il viaggiatore sedentario (1993) e Città e dintorni (2001). Questi testi odeporici raccontano i viaggi di Malerba in Cina, Thailandia, Europa, Nord America, Grecia e Asia Minore e raccolgono le riflessioni dell’autore nate e rielaborate lungo un ampio arco di tempo. Grazie al supporto teorico offerto dal lavoro di studiosi quali Serenella Iovino, Serpil Oppermann, Ursula Heise e Rob Nixon, quest’articolo evidenzia la sensibilità postmoderna di Malerba verso l’ambiente e la sua maestria nel raffigurare il rapporto complementare esistente tra l’essere umano e la natura, tra l’umano e il non-umano. Dalle pagine di questi testi odeporici emerge, con forza, la figura di un uomo sensibile, intelligente, curioso, ironico e attento alle storie di tutti quegli esseri ignoti di passaggio sul pianeta Terra. Le osservazioni di Malerba non cadono mai in localismo nostalgico e tantomeno in “utopia regressiva” (Parole al vento 230). L’autore, invece, mostra rispetto e premura per ogni luogo, abitazione, cultura e popolo con cui entra in contatto nei sui numerosi viaggi a “zig-zag” (Viaggiatore 8) sempre fatti in compagnia della moglie Anna Lapenna.
From a Local to a Global Perspective in Crime Writing: On Massimo Carlotto, Impegno, and Respiro corto
Authors: Frezzato Enrichetta Lucilla
Published: January 2021

Having conducted a thorough analysis of the social and economic environment of the Northeast of Italy and having exposed a scenario of widespread illegality and culpable collusion in his Alligatore series and noir novels, Massimo Carlotto concluded a narrative cycle by enlarging his object of analysis to a wider geographical area. This process culminates in Respiro corto (2012), which traces the most recent phases of the evolution of internationally organized crime marking the inextricability of the local and global dimensions in contemporary society. When placed within the context of the superimposing traditions of impegno and Italian crime writing, the presence of this component turns out to be particularly interesting insofar as its persistence introduces an innovative approach to both traditions.
«Se il savio uomo debba prender moglie». Boccaccio e la questione matrimoniale nel XIV e XV secolo
Authors: Sabbatino Marcello
Published: January 2021

La contesa tra Venere celeste e Venere terrena, tra l’amore onesto e coniugale, che regola la comunità, e l’amore dilettevole e extraconiugale, che è fonte inesauribile di valore guerriero e di virtù cavalleresche nella società cortese, affascina il Boccaccio durante il soggiorno nella Napoli angioina. Se nel Filostrato celebra il trionfo dell’amore per diletto e nel Filocolo concilia il diletto con l’amore onesto, nel Teseida invece rappresenta le tensioni dell’eroina romanza sempre in bilico tra le due Veneri. Nel periodo napoletano Boccaccio trascrive due frammenti di polemica antimatrimoniale nello Zibaldone Laurenziano XXIX 8. Il primo è estratto dall’Adversus Jovinianum, nel quale Gerolamo cita un passo del De nuptiis di Teofrasto per affermare che il sapiente deve stare lontano dalle noie del matrimonio per dedicarsi totalmente agli studi. Il secondo, prelevato dalla Dissuasio di pseudo-Valerio, contiene rassegne di mogli pericolose e di mariti che soccombono alla loro malvagità, con l’obiettivo di rafforzare l’esortazione finale a non sposare Venere ma Pallade. All’archivio dello Zibaldone Boccaccio ritorna più volte, in particolare nelle opere postdecameroniane del periodo fiorentino (Corbaccio, Trattatello in laude di Dante, Esposizioni sopra la Comedia), quando sulle orme di Dante e sotto il magistero di Petrarca si congeda definitivamente dalla letteratura amorosa mezzana per dedicarsi alla letteratura elevata e agli studi teologici e filosofici. Lungo il Trecento e il Quattrocento, nel frequente riaccendersi in Europa del dibattito sul matrimonio, Geoffrey Chaucer, Leonardo Bruni, Leon Battista Alberti, Francesco e Ermolao Barbaro rimettono in gioco Teofrasto e pseudo-Valerio con la mediazione del Boccaccio.
Irredentist Propaganda “Baedeker Style:” Anna Franchi’s and Willy Dias’ Nationalist Geographical Fantasy
Authors: Gragnani Cristina
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes how Anna Franchi and Willy Dias (Fortuna Morpurgo) utilized the language of tourism in their irredentist writings during the first two years of World War I. I look at how they adopted specific features of travel guidebooks to create a nationalistic geographical fantasy. I argue that the two authors’ similar approaches have the same two-fold goal: to teach about the geography, history, and even the existence of the contended areas; to induce their readers to “imagine” the nation (in Benedict Anderson’s terms) as a community ideally united, within and beyond the state’s borders, by a common cultural, linguistic, geographical and ethnic heritage. Inspired by Risorgimento ideology and by irredentist historians, Dias and Franchi rooted such heritage in Greek and Roman history and myth and in the Venetian identity of the contended lands. I show how, through discursive strategies of inclusion/exclusion, Dias and Franchi represented the Mediterranean civilization as antithetic to German and Slavic “barbarism.” Drawing upon the work of historians of the Adriatic Littoral, I place Dias’ and Franchi’s works in the broader context of the history of the representation of the contended provinces in irredentist discourse. Through the lens of the Sociology of Tourism, and the Semiotics of Tourism I look at how the two authors produced an ideologized vision of landscape.
The Evolution of the Garden-Myth? Tales from Eden, Boccaccio, and Fellini
Authors: Cristiano Anthony
Published: January 2021

The Garden of Eden narrative has been woven, in one form or another in several literary traditions, particularly those of the Western world. The symbolic and socio-cultural significance of the ancient account have continued to inform gender relations, as well as those with the numinous, and/or one’s idealistic aspirations of prowess, sagacity, and overall status of superiority. This is evinced in the literary work of the major periods of the Western Canon. Here we pose the question of whether or not the mythic or mythologized narrative of the Garden of Eden has in the process of centuries undergone any substantial transformation – those ascribable to an evolving myth. To this end a systematic study of a series of later tales is undertaken: a Latin tale, the Boccaccio tale derived from it, and a Boccaccio ‘70 short by Fellini. Of particular interest is the transition from literary forms to time-based visual media. The popularity of film, and now digital media, offers a singular comparativistic look into the dynamics of the Garden myth transposed on screens. To the original title question is added a meta-analytic reflection and the purview of any new moral dimension the innovations brings about. The study involves a targeted examination of aesthetic and ethic elements: the formal strategies, praxis, and dynamics between the protagonists of each tale. The main proposition is intended to re-affirm the substantial immutability of the ancient paradigmatic tale: it appears to have undergone only superficial transformations, which reiterate its universal appeal and significance across time and cultural traditions.
Human invariant natural killer T cells promote tolerance by preferential apoptosis induction of conventional dendritic cells
Authors: Schmid Hannes , Ribeiro Emmanuelle M. , Secker Kathy-Ann , Duerr-Stoerzer Silke , Keppeler Hildegard , Dong Ruoyun , Munz Timo , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Hailfinger Stephan , Schneidawind Corina , Schneidawind Dominik
Published: January 2021

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. We recently showed in murine studies and in vitro human models that adoptively transferred invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells protect from GvHD and promote graft-versus-leukemia effects. The cellular mechanisms underlying GvHD prevention by iNKT cells in humans, however, remain unknown. In order to study relevant cellular interactions, dendritic cells (DC) were either generated from monocytes or isolated directly from blood of healthy donors or GvHD patients and co-cultured in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) with T cells obtained from healthy donors or transplantation bags. Addition of culture-expanded iNKT cells to the MLR-induced DC apoptosis in a cell contact-dependent manner, thereby preventing T-cell activation and proliferation. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and image stream assays showed that CD4+CD8–, CD4–CD8+ and double negative iNKT cells are similarly able to induce DC apoptosis. Further MLR assays revealed that conventional DC (cDC) but not plasmacytoid DC (pDC) could induce alloreactive T-cell activation and proliferation. Interestingly, cDC were also more susceptible to apoptosis induced by iNKT cells, which correlates with their higher CD1d expression, leading to a bias in favor of pDC. Remarkably, these results could also be observed in GvHD patients. We propose a new mechanism how ex vivo expanded human iNKT cells prevent alloreactivity of T cells. iNKT cells modulate T-cell responses by selective apoptosis of DC subsets, resulting in suppression of T-cell activation and proliferation while enabling beneficial immune responses through pDC.
Analysis of the Application of the Tutorial Model on Distance Learning Indonesian Courses at Elementary School Teacher Education, State University of Medan
Authors: Hasibuan Rukaiah Proklamasari , Adisaputera Abdurahman , Yus Anita
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to determine the planning, implementation and evaluation of tutorial model on distance learning Indonesian courses in the Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) study program, State University of Medan. This research was a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The data collection in this study was non-participant observation. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive percentages. The results showed that the planning tutorial model was significant, realistic, relevant, certain, thorough, adaptable, good time allocation and good planning content. The implementation of tutorial model had been going well and was in accordance with the syntax of the model. The evaluation of tutorial model was in accordance with the learning assessment indicators, namely educational, authentic, objective, accountable, and transparent.
Improved Mathematical Problem Solving Ability and Self Efficacy of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Percut Sei Tuan through Problem Based Learning Models
Authors: Ritonga Indah Dirgantari , Banjarnahor Humuntal , Minarni Ani
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe whether the increase in mathematical problem solving abilities and Self Efficacy of students who are taught using problem-based learning models is higher than students who are taught with ordinary learning, to describe whether there is an interaction between students' initial mathematical abilities and learning towards increased mathematical problem solving abilities. students, as well as to describe whether there is an interaction between students' initial mathematical abilities and learning towards increasing student Self-Efficacy. Based on the ANOVA 2 x 2 calculation, it is obtained Fcount = 88.82 while the Ftable value = 2.36 for dk (1.62) and a significant level of 5%. It turns out that the value of Fcount> Ftable, so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Then from table 4. The probability value (sig) is smaller than 0.05 so that H0 is rejected. Thus it can be concluded that the results of students' mathematical problem-solving abilities taught by problem-based learning models are better than those taught with ordinary learning models. The results of students' Self Efficacy in the problem-based learning model class were higher than in the ordinary learning model class. This can also be seen from the average results of the mathematics Self Efficacy questionnaire of students with the experimental class (99.7) which are higher than the average results of the mathematics Self Efficacy questionnaire of students with the control class (96.8). The results of students' Self Efficacy in the problem-based learning model class were higher than in the ordinary learning model class. This can also be seen from the average results of the mathematics Self Efficacy questionnaire of students with the experimental class (99.7) which are higher than the average results of the mathematics Self Efficacy questionnaire of students with the control class (96.8).X ̅=X ̅=
Poverty Alleviation through Community Salt (PUGaR) Business Development
Authors: Said Mulyadi
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of poverty has been going on for a long time in Pidie Jaya Regency, so that the Regional Government has also made various breakthroughs to reduce the poverty rate. The conclusion of the study shows that one of the ways to reduce poverty in Gampong Lancang Paru, Bandar Baru District, Pidie Jaya Regency is done through the Community Salt Business Development (PUGaR). This is done by taking into account the quantity of productivity, quality and continuity of production. During the PUGaR program, the results increased tens of times so that it had the capacity to escape poverty. Then the people's salt business development model is carried out with the old model and the new model. The old model is synonymous with the traditional way, where people carry out salt-making activities by relying on natural resources and existing human resources so that it is still very dependent on the weather or climate and in the old model the production process takes 2 to 4 days for one production so it is inefficient in terms of time and has an impact on the least amount of production so that implications for the total income of only around Rp. 700,000 per month per person. Meanwhile, the new model has the support provided by the government both through regulation and capital so that it can increase income to 3.5 to 4,000,000 per month per person.
Voi maamme!
Authors: Lyytikäinen Pirjo
Published: January 2021

Kirjallisuuden kansallisromanttisessa suomalaisuus-projektissa luotiin Suomelle kansallismaisema ja kansa, jotka ihanteellisesti olivat harmoniassa. Kun sitten uudet kirjalliset virtaukset ja aatteet alkoivat haastaa ja kiistää kansallisia kiiltokuvia, juuri kansallis-maiseman ja kansakuvan kyseenalaistavat kuvaukset tarjosivat affektiivisesti vaikuttavan väylän kritiikin, pessimismin ja ahdistuksen ilmaisemiseen. Sama vastarinnan henki on itse asiassa saanut yhä uusia ilmaisuja, samalla kun ja koska virallinen Suomi on pitänyt yllä ja muokannut vanhoja, ikään kuin itsestäänselvyyksiksi sementoituja ihannekuvia. 

Tutkin artikkelissani tunnevaikutusten tuottamista kolmessa esimerkkitekstissä kirjallisuushistorian eri vaiheista. Niissä on kysymys hyvin erilaisista kansallismaiseman ja kansakuvan negaatioista. Juhani Ahon lastu ”Kurjalan rannalla” (1891) ilmaisee suomalaisten synkkiä mielialoja venäläistämistoimien uhan alla, Marko Tapion Arktinen hysteria I–II (1967 ja 1968) luo vastakuvaa uudelle positiiviselle kansakuvalle, jota ilmensi erityisesti Väinö Linnan Täällä Pohjantähden alla, ja Matias Riikosen Suuri Fuuga (2017) kirjoittaa nykyajan dystopiaa kääntämällä ikonisen Ruoveden irvikuvaksi ja kansallisen katoamisen symboliksi. Pohdin tapoja, joilla tekstit välittävät kansalliseen kytkeytyviä negatiivisia affekteja ja hyödyntävät erilaisia tunnevaikutusten luomisen strategioita melankolisen tunnelman luomisesta inho-naturalistiseen maisemakuvaukseen.
"A Prophet Has No Honor in the Prophet’s Own Country"
Authors: Mikeshin Igor
Published: January 2021

The article discusses how the history of forced marginality and isolation of the Russian-speaking Evangelical Christians shaped their theology and social ministry. Russian Evangelicalism is a glocal phenomenon. It fully adheres to the universal Evangelical tenets and, at the same time, it is shaped as a socioculturally and linguistically Russian phenomenon. Its russianness is manifested in the construction of the Russian Evangelical narrative, formulated as a response to the cultural and political discourse of the modern Russia and to the Orthodox theology and application, as it is seen by evangelicals. This narrative is constructed with the language of the Synodal Bible in its present-day interpretation.
Russian evangelicals are constantly accused of being Western-influenced, proselytizing in the canonical land of the Russian Orthodox Church, and mistreating and misleading people. The article also argues agains these accusations, emphasizing the history, hermeneutics, and social ministries of Russian Evangelicalism.
Negotiating Religion
Authors: Van den Brandt Nella , Wallenius-Korkalo Sandra
Published: January 2021

This article analyses the production of gendered subjectivities in contemporary cultural representations of women and girls belonging to conservative protestant communities in Northern and Western Europe. We take the recent work of the Finnish and Dutch female novelists Pauliina Rauhala and Franca Treur as our case study. We explore how their novels represent the negotiations of women and girls from conservative protestant faiths and traditions. Approaching the novels as narratives of sense-making, we focus on notions of creativity and imagination, and gendered embodied experiences. Our analysis thus sheds light on contemporary understandings of women in conservative religions in contemporary Northern and Western Europe.
Esquemas terapêuticos para combate da Covid-19: revisão sistemática
Authors: Zuil Danielli Marinho , Fontoura Volmar Morais , Santos Floriacy Stabnow , Santos Neto Marcelino , Pascoal Lívia Maia , Martins Márcia Caroline Nascimento Sá Ewerton , Fontoura Maikon Graepp , Dias Alzira Regina Dantas , Lima Cynthia Cardozo Dias , Graepp-Fontoura Iolanda
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os principais esquemas terapêuticos utilizados até o momento no combate da Covid-19 no cenário mundial. É uma revisão sistemática de literatura realizada nas bases ScienceDirect, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), utilizando o termo “treatment Covid-19”, realizada no mês de abril de 2020. Foram selecionados 16 artigos, segundo os critérios de inclusão: artigos de pesquisa, publicados entre fevereiro de 2019 a abril de 2020, sem distinção de idiomas. O trabalho foi organizado de acordo com as recomendações PRISMA, registrado no PROSPERO (CRD42020186262). Os artigos encontrados, variaram de estudos in vitro, in silico, ensaios clínicos abertos, coorte, retrospectivos e analíticos, realizados na China, na França, na Índia, na Arábia Saudita e na Coreia do Sul, com maior número de publicações chinesas (70,5%). As amostras variaram de uma a 199 pessoas, todas infectadas com o SARS-CoV-2, com maior percentual do sexo feminino (51,7%), idades entre 18 a 88 anos. Medicamentos como lopinavir, ritonavir, favipiravir, arbidol, costicoteroides, hidroxicloroquina, receitas da medicina tradicional chinesa, glicirrizina, azitromicina e tocilizumabe foram analisados nos estudos de forma monoterápica ou associados entre si, assim como transplante de células tronco mesenquimais, troca plasmática intensiva e imunoglobulina intravenosa. Houve divergências e complementação de resultados entre os autores. Apesar de apresentarem descobertas e auxiliarem no combate à pandemia, os estudos apresentam drogas promissoras para o tratamento da sintomatologia e carga viral, com o objetivo de identificar a terapia ideal para a doença, não obtendo consenso.
O direito à Educação Infantil: avanços legais e desafios para a efetivação do direito das crianças do Município João Pessoa - Paraíba
Authors: Martins Jéssica Nascimento , Silva Déborah Kallyne Santos da , Dias Alice Maria André , Fernandes Francyllayans Karla da Silva , Santos Priscila Morgana Galdino dos , Rodrigues Janine Marta Coelho
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os avanços legais e os desafios frente à efetividade do direito da criança à Educação Infantil no município de João Pessoa/PB. Os avanços presentes na legislação educacional que caminharam para assegurar a educação como direito subjetivo de todos e elemento essencial para a construção material e cultural não anulam a necessidade de uma melhor compreensão de como este direito tem sido concretizado para as crianças, especificamente na Educação Infantil.  Assim sendo, a questão problema analisa como vem acontecendo a efetivação do direito das crianças à Educação Infantil no Município de João Pessoa (PB). Para tal, traz-se como aporte teórico acerca do direito da criança à educação Dias (2008), Ruiz (2007) e Fernandes & Candau (2017). A fim de atingir o objetivo proposto e tendo como caminho metodológico a pesquisa qualitativa, documental e bibliográfica, o estudo se deteve aos documentos oficiais, à legislação nacional vigente acerca da Educação Infantil e à observação de dados oficiais que retratam o cenário educacional. Como resultados, no âmbito do município de João Pessoa/Paraíba, infere-se que, apesar dos significativos avanços, o atual panorama revela a defasagem na oferta da Educação Infantil, bem como a não efetivação, em sua plenitude, do direito à educação da criança pequena.
Maturação e qualidade fisiológica das sementes de cumbaru em função do período de coleta dos frutos
Authors: Nascimento Jeyson Conceição , Vilarinho Marcella Karoline Cardoso , Caldeira Daniela Soares Alves , Antoniacomi Luis Augusto Magalhães , Oliveira Altacis Junior de , Oliveira Taniele Carvalho de , Silva Gustavo Ferreira da , Oliveira Andrea dos Santos , Barelli Marco Antonio Aparecido , Luz Petterson Baptista da
Published: January 2021

O cumbaru também conhecido em algumas regiões como baru, cumbaru, barujo, coco-feijão ou cumaru é uma espécie amplamente distribuída no país. A madeira é de alta densidade e durável, e tanto a polpa do fruto, quanto as sementes são comestíveis, atraindo uma fauna diversificada de mamíferos e de insetos. Devido à grande exploração de sua madeira e principalmente por ser uma fonte de alimento, o fruto do cumbaru está cada vez mais difícil de ser encontrado. Com isso, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho estabelecer o período ideal de colheita através da maturação fisiológica de sementes de cumbaru, por meio da fisiologia e biometria de frutos e sementes. Os frutos foram coletados nas árvores, 180, 225 e 275 dias após a antese (DAA). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualisado em esquema fatorial 3x3 (três lotes e três períodos de coleta) com quatro repetições, sendo considerados 40 frutos por repetição. Foram avaliadas características morfológicas de frutos e sementes como (comprimento longitudinal, largura, espessura, peso fresco e volume) e características físicas e fisiológicas das sementes como: teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e peso de mil sementes. Observou-se, ao longo dos períodos de coleta, valores crescentes para as variáveis de frutos e sementes, a melhor qualidade fisiológica deu-se nos 2º e 3° período de coleta.
Development of a risk assessment method for sea trout in coastal areas exploited for aquaculture
Authors: Finstad B , Sandvik AD , Ugedal O , Vollset KW , Karlsen Ø , Davidsen JG , Sægrov H , Lennox RJ
Published: January 2021

The regulation of aquaculture production in Norway considers the potential impact of salmon lice on wild fish. However, most attention has been focused on impacts on wild Atlantic salmon, despite the fact that anadromous brown trout spend the majority of their marine phase in coastal waters, where salmon lice have the highest impact. In the present study, we first suggest changes in marine living area and marine feeding time as sustainability indicators for first-time migrant sea trout, as high salmon lice densities may exclude sea trout from otherwise usable habitat and force them to return early to freshwater. Further, a method based on a bio-hydrodynamic model was developed to serve as a proxy for these indicators. The method accounted for the size, migration timing and spatial extent of sea trout and was demonstrated in 2 Norwegian salmon aquaculture production areas, Hardangerfjord (PO3) and Romsdalsfjord (PO5), and 2 focal rivers from within each fjord. Based on these comparisons, we exemplify how the change in marine living area and marine feeding time differed between PO3 and PO5 and within the areas. Sea trout migrating to sea late (June 5) were always more affected by lice than those migrating early (April 24) or at intermediate dates (May 15). Our estimates revealed dramatic potential impacts of salmon lice on sea trout populations, which were greatly influenced by spatial and temporal aspects. Considering the negative impacts of salmon lice on sea trout, a holistic view of environmental interactions between aquaculture and wild species that depend on habitats exploited for production is necessary.
Mathematical Model of the Agricultural Community
Authors: Romanova A. , Kolpak E. , Andreeva U. , Polina S. , Shmeleva A.
Published: January 2021

The paper develops a mathematical model of population growth in an agricultural community, covering the 17th century ad. The model takes into account two types of resources that provided life, and the influence of management structures on population growth. The analytical results are compared with the estimated data of historians and economists on the world population. Based on the statistical approach, a model for estimating the possible dynamics of population growth is proposed.
Issues, Solutions, Prospects of Pond Fish Culture in Uzbekistan
Authors: Karimov N.
Published: January 2021

The article reveals the problems, solutions, prospects of pond fish culture in the Republic of Uzbekistan. As well as issues on the features of fishponds and world experience. At present, the fish culture of the country faces the problem of rational use of the available water and land resources of pond farms. Fish farms in Uzbekistan are starting to increase supplementary feeding, which increases the proportion of carp to 10–15%. The market needs a diverse range of fish, including inexpensive fish such as silver carp, grass carp and carp, which are produced only by pond farms.
Issues and Prospects for Forming Digital Transformation of Commercial Banks of Uzbekistan
Authors: Gulyamova A.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the problems and prospects of the formation of digital transformation of commercial banks in Uzbekistan. And also, in the direction of reducing the state share in the banking sector through a comprehensive transformation of the commercial and regulatory framework of Uzbekistan.
The Essence and Economic Aspects of Renovation in the Formation of Modern Residential Buildings
Authors: Khajayev R.
Published: January 2021

In Uzbekistan there are high rates of population growth, the state program of urbanization is planned. In today's conditions, the renovation of residential buildings is widely used in the world practice. Taking into account the positive aspects of this method, it is proposed to use it in the domestic practice of reproduction of housing stock in large cities.
Legal Regulation of the Status of a Sportsman in a Subject of the Russian Federation (On the Example of the Republic of Mordovia)
Authors: Davydova N. , Khudoikina T.
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the fact that in recent years in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation great attention is paid to physical culture and sports, federal programs for the development of physical culture and sports are being developed and implemented, sports facilities are being built for all categories of citizens. There is an active promotion of a healthy lifestyle, in connection with which, an interest in regular sports has been entrenched in society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legislative regulation of the legal status of a sportsman in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, since each region has its own distinctive features. To achieve the goal, the authors set the tasks to study the legislation on sports of the Republic of Mordovia. The article considers the current regional regulatory legal acts.
Communicative Competence of Doctors in a Conflict Situation of Professional Activity With Patients
Authors: Zhdanova A.
Published: January 2021

Modern psychological studies of communicative competence indicate the need to improve and maintain the proper level of this skill, adequate and productive interpersonal interaction. Communication competence — the ability to establish and maintain the necessary contacts with other people. Effective communication is characterized by mutual understanding of partners, a deep understanding of the situation and the subject of communication. So as to save citizens from disability is not enough to create specific health and social conditions, according to the who, health only 10% depends on the state of health — one of the main factors in maintaining the optimum degree of effectiveness of remedial measures becomes a subjective factor of interpersonal interaction between doctor and patient. Each patient under the influence of external circumstances (financial situation, family relations, medical and preventive care, etc.) and psychological factors develops their attitude to the disease, which does not always coincide with the doctor's recommendations, which can lead to conflicts in therapy. Doctor–patient interaction is also a process of communication in which a positive therapeutic Alliance must be formed, otherwise, in the presence of confrontational moods, effective cooperation in the doctor-patient dyad becomes unattainable — the patient’s recovery becomes at risk.
Test Designing Principles and Related Problems
Authors: Kertaeva Z.
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the role of following assessment principles while designing tests. Problems and obstacles of test designing and administering at national higher education context are illustrated, being grouped into seven respective principles.
The History of Studying the City of Margilan in Landscape Archeological Research
Authors: Murodova D.
Published: January 2021

The article emphasizes the importance of the city of Margilan, which plays an important role in the urban planning of South Fergana, based on the information provided in written sources. The formation of anthropogenic landscapes in urban planning processes is covered on the basis of finds of archaeologists who researched in this area.
Reflection of Historical Personalities in Lullabies in English and Uzbek Languages
Authors: Karimova F.
Published: January 2021

This article provides an overview of the genre lullaby in English and Uzbek, as well as their historical images. The frequency of historical personalities in lullabies is deeply analyzed. The effect which children can take from hearing this kind of lullaby is illustrated in the article. The difference between the use of historical people in English and Uzbek lullabies is highlighted. Besides, it is mentioned that the historical people mentioned in English lullabies are mostly warriors and war leaders. They are mostly used to frighten babies. The absence of frightening motive in Uzbek language makes it different from English. From the article we can see that the image of great people in Uzbek society is more common than English.
The Notion of Phraseological Unit
Authors: Tairova F.
Published: January 2021

The given article deals with issues related to the relationship between phraseological units and words and provides definitions of the term “phraseological unit”. A significant part of the article is devoted to the review and analysis of different views of scientists on the theory of equivalence of phraseological units with words. The results of the analysis are used to formulate conclusions about the relationship between words and phraseological units.