bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated survey to identify potential groundwater aquifers in Jabungan Semarang using geoelectric and microtremor methods
Authors: Yuliyanto G , Nurwidyanto M I
Published: July 2021

The morphology of the Jabungan Village area has relatively steep land conditions. In lithology, this area has a layer of soil composed of sandstone, claystone, and limestone. Based on direct observations in the field, it was found difficult to obtain clean water that could be used for consumption. The water available and used by the majority of residents is shallow well water, which is not of very good quality. There is only one deep well with a depth of 68 meters but according to residents, the water that is channeled to these houses smells unpleasant and feels oily. To detect the potential of ground water in this area, the geoelectric method is integrated using the microtremor method. Geoelectric measurements were made at 3 location points while microtremor measurements were carried out at 9 location points. Based on geoelectric resistivity and microtremor measurements, it can be concluded that the potential of subsurface water sources is below the JAB3 path or near Point 9 microtremor with soil layers composed of sand layers with resistivity values of 0.43-4.64 ohm-meter at depth > 70 meters with Vs value of 840 m/s with a Poisson’s ratio value > 0.3, the more eastward the greater the value.
Spintronic terahertz emission from Ni/Pt bilayer grown on MgO
Authors: Ferrolino J P , Cabello N I , De Los Reyes A , Mag-Usara V K , Afalla J P , Bardaloza H , Verona I C , Talara M , Kitahara H , Somintac A , Salvador A , Tani M , Estacio E
Published: July 2021

Spintronic THz emission from Ni/Pt bilayer grown on MgO is reported based on the novel THz emitter using metallic structures. The Ni metal was deposited first on a MgO substrate and capped with a thin Pt metal via electron beam deposition. The THz emission data was obtained using a standard terahertz time-domain spectroscopy setup using a Ti: sapphire laser excitation source. Initial measurements were done using 800nm excitation with 7 mW and 185 mW pump powers under upward and downward magnetic field orientations. Polarity reversal of the terahertz signal was observed upon changing the orientation of the magnetic field. Maximum amplitude was found at 0.5 THz with bandwidth up to ~6 THz. A saturation fluence of 85.04 mJ/cm2 was calculated from the pump fluence-dependence plot of the THz peak-to-peak signal. The results are consistent with the spintronic THz emission due to the inverse spin-Hall effect and provide insights for future development and optimizations.
Image quality radiographic testing on the making of trabeculae genu phantom by using ingredients surfactant
Authors: Sofyan M , Hidayati A O
Published: July 2021

Exposure to radiation can be dangerous for the body. Hence why we need an effort to minimalize the effects of radiation received, especially for students and lectures during practicum that uses source of radiation. One of the efforts that can be done is to use phantom radiology so that there is no need to expose living things. Previous research has done to make phantom radiology by using gypsum instead of human bones and acrylic as a substitute for soft tissue (human flesh). However, this research still has a shortage which is trabeculae cannot be formed in the phantom produced. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the surfactant solution could be used to form trabeculae in phantom genu by using in the concentration of surfactants with a ratio of 2: 1. The research was conducted in three stages, namely designing the genu phantom and trabecular phantom, printing genu phantoms and trabeculae, and conducting radiographic quality tests of genu phantom. Trabeculae in phantom genu have been successfully made with a water and surfactant ratio of 2:1. Radiographic quality tests showed good detail, sharpness and contrast. The presence of trabeculae and soft tissue is apparent. Surfactants with a ratio of 2:1 can be used to form trabeculae on phantom genu with good quality in radiographic test results.
Determination of effective dose distribution on the target volume of cancer and organ at risk using MCNPX
Authors: Wardaya A Y , Setiawati E , Arianto F , Richardina V , Almareanta R , Margiantono A
Published: July 2021

One method of therapy in cancer is Brachytherapy. which is by implanting radioactive radiation that emits gamma into the target organ. Because brachytherpy will also provide radiation doses to healthy organs around it so before doing therapy it is better to do the simulation first so that the dose received is the maximum target and the dose received by healthy organs in the vicinity (organ at risk) is minimal. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of the absorption dose in liver cancer with radiation source γ 103 Pd using MCNPX. In this study the target organ used was liver (liver cancer). Organs at Risk in liver cancer are the right lung, kidney and pancreas. One way to simulate this is to use Monte Carlo N Particles eXtended (MCNPX). In this study used 103Pd radioactive. the variation in the number of seeds used is from 10 to 70 seeds with an increase of 10. The 103Pd activity used is 2x10−3Ci. The results of the MCNPX simulation show that the effective dose is directly proportional to the number of seeds used. Effective doses in the liver are 0.101 to 0.699 Sv. in the right lung 0.032 to 0.229 Sv. in the kidney 0.0005 to 0.0039 Sv and in the pancreas 0.0001 to 0.0149 Sv. If in the liver the percentage of effective dose is 100%.then the distribution of effective dose percentage in the right lung is 34.67%.kidney 0.63% and pancreas 1.06%. The percentage of the effective dose distribution is relatively safe because it is still below 75%.
Analysis of flip angle (fa) toward image anatomical information in sagital t2* w merge: (study of knee joint magnetic resonance imaging in anterior cruciate ligament tear case)
Authors: Dartini D , Deofantri A , Kurniawan A N , Sulistiyadi A H , Handoko B D
Published: July 2021

The sagital T2* W MERGE sequence is a sequence in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination of the knee joint in the radiology department of Panti Rapih Hospital Yogyakarta. The value of Flip Angle (FA) on the T2 * W MERGE sequence will affect to anatomical information. The right FA can produce good image contrast of fluid and tissue. This study aims to find out the relationship between FA variations toward anatomical information and to determine the the optimum FA. Ten patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear were scaned by 1.5 Tesla MRI using Sagittal T2 * W MERGE with five flip angle variations: 150, 200, 250, 300, and 350. The anatomical informations were assesed by two qualified radiologists in ACL Tear, Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL), Quadriceps Tendon, Joint Effusion, and Hoffa Fat Pad. Data were analyzed by Cross Tabulation, Spearman Rank test and Freadman test. Result showed that there was a significant correlation (p-value < 0,05) between flip angle value to anatomical information (correlation value was -0.55), increasing the FA will reduce the clarity of the anatomical image. Based on Freadman test results, the highest mean rank of image information was 3.89 obtained by FA 200.
Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of inulinase-producing yeast isolated from nira siwalan (Borassus flabellifer) based on ITS sequences
Authors: Maryati D A , Wijanarka  , Ferniah R S
Published: July 2021

Inulinase (E.C. 3.2.1.7) is an enzyme capable hydrolyze inulin to be a fructose monomer, which is widely used in various fields, especially the food industry. This enzyme can be found in various plant species and can be produced by microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, and fungi. Previous research has succeeded in isolating the potential yeast of inulinase from nira siwalan (Borassus flabellifer), named N1. This research purpose to identify molecularly the yeast inulinolytic N1 and its kinship with other species based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences. The stages in this research are yeast DNA extraction using the chelex method, DNA amplification with primers ITS 4 and ITS 5, electrophoresis, sequencing analysis, and construction of the phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic trees are reconstructed using the neighbor-joining method based on their evolutionary relationship. The results of DNA isolation showed that the concentration of yeast DNA was 495.8 ng/ μl and purity of 2,12. The PCR product from the ITS fragment amplification produced a band size of ± 510 bp. The results of molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis showed that the N1 yeast isolate was closely related to Candida parapsilosis (MK638869.1) originating from India with a homology of 99.45%.
The anatomic response of the mangrove vegetation due to the changing in land functions
Authors: Prihastanti E , Hastuti E D , Haryanti S , Purnomo S P
Published: July 2021

The mangrove forest in Indonesia have transformed into conservation area, tourist objects, and fishponds, causing the environmental changing. The purposes of this research are to find out the condition of the environment, the varieties of the species and the anatomy of the leaves. The locations of this research are determined based on the Karimun Java in December 2019. The locations are conservation area in Menjangan Besar Island, fishpond area in Kemujan Island and Mangrove Tracking area. The environment parameters such as temperature, pH, DO, TDS, and salinity. Photomicrograph is used to check stomata. The data are analyzed descriptively. The environmental conditions in those three locations have different condition, except temperature. The species found in Menjangan Island are A.marina and R.stylosa, the species found in Kemujan fishpond are C.tagal, R.apiculata and E.agallocha meanwhile the species found in tracking Kemujan are C.tagal, R.apiculata, R.stylosa and L.racemosa. The result of the observation towards the anatomy of the leaves in those three locations has not showed responses to the environment stress, but the condition of the environment in the fishpond showed the rising in salinity level. Therefore, it is suggested to grow Avicennia because it is more adaptable towards high level of salinity.
The development and the growth of salak pondoh fruit (Salacca edulis L.) planted using different planting methods
Authors: Prihastanti E , Haryanti S
Published: July 2021

The cultivation plays an important role in determining the quality of salak pondoh (Sallaca. L), for instance, the planting methods. There are various methods of planting salak pondoh (Sallaca. L), monoculture (only salak pondoh) and polyculture (salak pondoh is cultivated with other plants). The goal of this research is to analyze the development and the growth of stamens on salak pondoh (Sallaca. L) using different patterns of cultivating. The plot for this research is a garden only for salak pondoh plants (monoculture) and for salak pondoh plants cultivated with other plants (polyculture). The parameters to observe are the morphology of plants, size of stamens, and environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and moist of soil. The result shows that different patterns of cultivating affect the development and the growth of stamens on salak pondoh with polyculture system. The soil temperature in monoculture system is higher than polyculture and the morphology observation towards salak pondoh plant also shows the difference between polyculture and monoculture system.
Species diversity and dominance of Oligochaeta in copper and cadmium polluted soil
Authors: Ulfah M , Anggoro S , Soeprobowati T R , Syafrudin S
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the dominance and species diversity of oligochaeta were studied incopper and cadmium polluted soil. This location is used for the garbage disposal of Jatibarang Landfill Semarang City residents, Central Java. Oligochaeta were collected from 5 research sites. The research method used is field experiment. Oligochaeta sampling was carried out based on a random sampling method. Oligochaeta sampling in Jatibarang Landfill was carried out at a depth of 25 cm. Analysis of oligochaeta diversity includes species diversity using the index formula Shannon-Wienner and dominance with the index formula Simpson. The species diversity (Shannon-Weiner Index) showed value of 0.191 (site 1), 0.411 (site 2), 0.539 (site 3), 0.137 (site 4), 0.443 (site 5) and the dominance calculated was 0.207 (site 1), 0.024 (site 2), 0.279 (site 3), 0.045 (site 4), 0.031 (site 5) which indicates that the diversity and the dominance were inversely related. The population density (individuals/m2) of the Oligochaeta species at 5 research sites showed variations. The total density of L. terrestris recorded was 280.66 (site 1), 59.66 (site 2), 130.33 (site 3), 136.66 (site 4), 62 (site 5), and the total density of Pheretrima sp 14 (site 1), 10 (site 2), 39 (site 3), 4.33 (site 4), 12 (site 5). Two species of Oligochaeta showed high richness whereas some were sparsely populated.
Intron 4 VNTR A/B polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in periodontitis
Authors: Pradita L W , Kamilla D N , Soedarsono N , Yunaini L , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important mediator in the inflammatory and immune systems. The eNOS gene is one of the three isoforms of Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), which is responsible for synthesizing NO. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease in periodontal tissue with genetic involvement. Polymorphism in eNOS gene changes the functional aspect of this gene and is associated with several inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. Aim: To detectEndothelialNitric Oxide Synthaseintron 4 gene polymorphism in Indonesian population with periodontitis. Analysis of theEndothelialNitric Oxide Synthase(eNOS) intron 4 gene polymorphism was observed by carrying out PCR method followed by electrophoresis for the analysis, without the usage of restriction enzyme. The chi-square test and odds ratio were performed for statistical analysis. In this study, there were 34 samples with AA genotype, 3 samples with AB genotype, and 13 samples with BB genotype in periodontitis group. Whereas in the control group, there were 41 samples with AA genotype and 9 samples with BB genotype. AB genotype was absent in the control group. In periodontitis group, there were 71 A alleles and 29 B alleles, and in the control group, 82 A alleles and 18 B alleles were found. Polymorphic genotypes and alleles were found higher in periodontitis sample (32% and 29%) than healthy controls (18%). The polymorphism of eNOS intron 4 was found in periodontitis patients. There is no significant distribution difference was found between the periodontitis patients and the control group. ENOS intron 4 gene polymorphism does not affect the risk of periodontitis.
Genetics and epigenetics of class II and class III malocclusions
Authors: Subono M , Alima I R N , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Malocclusion is the major diagnosis in orthodontic field. According to Angle’s classification, malocclusion is divided into Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion. All of these classifications have etiologic factors that establish every specific characteristic of malocclusion. Genetic, is one of the most important etiology in malocclusion since it can be inherited congenitally, for instance many variations in transcription and translation of multifarious genes occurred in masseter muscles, which is the main mastication muscle in human. MYH/MyH-C, MMPs and IGF genes are frequently used to determine the expression of genes in masseter muscle using RT-PCR or cRT-PCR. On the other hand, polymorphism of ACTN3, which can influence fibre type proportions and also muscle performance is found in muscle and skeletal type of Class II malocclusion. MATN1, HSPG2, ALPL, and EPB41 genes are found linked to lp36 related to Class III malocclusion. However, genetic factor does not usually stand alone. It can be influenced by environment which called epigenetic factors. Increasing acetylation activity will initiate a chromatin domain formation that consists of genes for MyH-C fast type gene expression. In contrast, increased of deacetylation activity resulting in closed chromatin confirmation on the chromatin area to limit the access into transcription complexes for MyHC type I gene expression in malocclusion cases. Recently, the most common way to study about heritability in malocclusion is using masseter muscles by analyzing their types of fibers related to every malocclusion’s phenotype. In this review, writer will explain more about genetic study in masseter, histone modification, and also genetic and epigenetic factors of Class II and Class III malocclusions, which involve gene mutation and polymorphism for genetic factors and histone acetylation and deacetylation for epigenetic factors.
Genetic contributions to craniofacial growth: a review
Authors: Andriani A T , Zahra P K , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

The human head consist of numerous bones. The bones of the face are suspended from the anterior portion of the cranium. These bones are responsible for the face and head form. The facial surface is immediately recognizable and seen which has a close association to the skeletal and cartilaginous structures. The diversity in shape, relative size, and spatial arrangement (vertical, horizontal and depth) between the assorted facial features such as nose, eyes. lips. etc., make individual human face unique, respectively. In recent years, study of various number of genes that contribute to craniofacial growth continuous to evolve, while the impact of individual genes on normal craniofacial variation is few established. Genes such as Homeobox. Sonic Hedgehog, transcription factor and IHH take important roles in craniofacial growth. In the other hand, it is also known that the genetic disorder of these signalling pathways may result abnormalities in the growth or fusion of the craniofacial processes and numerous anomalies. Genes may therefore take part in the development of craniofacial complex. Furthermore, clinicians need to be knowledgeable the combination and interaction of genetic and environmental factors of growth potential to perform an appropriate diagnose and treatment planning. In this review, the function of various individual genes involved in growth of facial region are discussed.
Chemical compounds in essential oil of nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans) from Batang Indonesia
Authors: Kusumaningrum H P , Zainuri M , Endrawati H , Loka B D , Widiasa I N , Sulistyowati E
Published: July 2021

Nutmeg oil has an important function as natural tropical biomedicine activity which commonly found in Batang region. This essential oil is one of the dominant traditional export product from Batang instead of patchouli oil, Clove oil, and lemongrass oil. The objective of the research was to analyze chemical compound of essential oil of nutmeg leaves from Batang region produced by traditional destillation. Research methods was conducted by GCMS method. The biomedical activity against some tropical diseases was analysed in-silico. The results showed that essential oil from nutmeg leaves showed potential antimicroabial activities in silico againts several tropical diseases in skin. The GCMS result showed 2-.BETA.-PINENE and .gamma.-Terpinene as the major compound with values 34,46% and 30,28%.
Comparison of double exponential smoothing and triple exponential smoothing methods in predicting income of local water company
Authors: Khairina D M , Daniel Y , Widagdo P P
Published: July 2021

Local Water Company is a government-owned business entity that has a business scope in the management of drinking water and water facilities to improve the welfare of the community, which includes social, health, and public service aspects and has a very important role for the community in terms of supporting the smooth development of the region so that the company’s success must always be sought. This effort certainly needs to be supported also in terms of setting revenue targets at the company. Determination of revenue targets in local water companies is currently using manual calculation methods so that the accuracy and effectiveness of setting revenue targets is less accurate. Forecasting models with mathematical methods are needed to predict future revenue targets so that monitoring of the success of regional development and consideration in decision making can be monitored. Forecasting this revenue target is based on actual data within the previous 5 (five) years, namely from January 2014 until December 2018, by comparing the two forecasting methods, namely the Double Exponential Smoothing (DES) and Triple Exponential Smoothing (TES) methods. The forecasting accuracy method is used the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) method to measure the accuracy of the forecasting results from the two forecasting methods used. Forecasting test results are performed using alpha constant values of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, and 0.9 as trial data. Based on the trials conducted, the forecasting results presented show that forecasting results with the Double Exponential Smoothing method provide a more optimal forecasting result at alpha 0.7 with a MAPE value of 9.54%, so that the use of the Double Exponential Smoothing method is recommended in forecasting revenue targets in the Local Water Company because it has an error value under 10%.
Business architecture and information system architecture design in savings and payment unit Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia (KPRI) Diponegoro University using TOGAF 9 framework
Authors: Noranita B , Nugraheni D M K , Fitriyani M I , Nurhayati Y
Published: July 2021

Savings dan Payment unit is one of the units of the Koperasi Pegawai Republik Indonesia Diponegoro University (KPRI). In the development of these units already have information systems infrastructure, namely the Cooperative Information Systems (SIMASPRI) and KPRI website. However, data processing on the system has not been integrated also not all business processes can be handled through the information system. SIMASPRI does not have features that allow members to carry out registration processes, loan applications, deposit payments, and installments online. So, members must come to the cooperative every time they want to carry out a registration or transaction process. Meanwhile, KPRI has a target for members to be able to process registration, deposit payments, apply for loans, and pay installments online using a website or mobile application. So it is necessary to improve the features and functions of the Cooperative Information Systems and KPRI website, as well as the design in the mobile version with the aim to offer convenience to members in accessing. Therefore, an analysis of business architecture and information system architecture design as a basic framework of business solutions to solve problems in optimizing the use of information technology. This study uses the TOGAF (The Open Group Architecture Framework) framework with the stages passed, namely preliminary, vision architecture, requirements management, business architecture and information system architecture consisting of data architecture and application architecture. From the analysis of the architectural design and approval of KPRI Diponegoro University manager, the proposed blueprint business architecture, data architecture and application architecture as the basic foundation needed to support business activities in the Saving dan Payment unit KPRI Diponegoro University.
Predict recovery risk rate of Covid-19
Authors: Wulandari R , Surarso B , Irawanto B , Farikhin
Published: July 2021

The outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in Wuhan, China has become expanded globally, the current novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) or also called COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented, but the global response draws on the lessons learned from other disease outbreaks over the past several decades. WHO (World Health Organisation) said that Person-to-person transmission may occur through droplet or contact transmission and according to early estimates by China’s National Commission (NHC) people with high risk for severe disease and death people is an old age and people with pre-existing health conditios (comorbid) as hyertention, diabetes, cardiovasculer disease, chronic respiratory diseas (asthma, lung etc), heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, immunodeficiency, cancer and other. The fatality cases about 80% were over the age of 60 and 75% of them had pre-existing health conditios (comorbid). The government prevent further spread of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) disease with advice for public on how to keep healthy. In this article we consider a predict recovery risk rate of COVID-19 using fuzzy tsukamoto inference system, representation linguistic variable using linear membership function up and down, use two input, age and comorbid with “IF-THEN” rules, fuzzy logic conjunction connectives. The defuzzification or output mortality rate using centroid triangular fuzzy number.
Logistic regression model on land productivity of Pagar Alam coffee farming
Authors: Irmeilyana  , Ngudiantoro  , Samsuri M N , Suprihatin B
Published: July 2021

Pagar Alam coffee farming is a smallholder plantation, the majority of which is a hereditary business. The success of this coffee farming cannot be separated from existing resources, including land productivity. Land productivity concerns the amount of production, land resources, and land management efforts. This paper discusses the factors that influence the land productivity of coffee farms in Kota Pagar Alam, using binary logistic regression analysis. In general, there are 5 factors discussed, namely the identity of farmers and their internal factors, agricultural land, the performance of farmers in the production process, yields, and external factors on the productivity of Pagar Alam coffee farms. The data used are 191 respondents with 33 independent variables and one dependent variable. Each variable is divided into categories. Land Productivity as the dependent variable is divided into 2 categories, namely low and high. Based on bivariate analysis, variables related to land productivity are land area, number of trees, frequency of fertilizer used, frequency of pesticides used, length of harvest, production, female labor in the family, gross income, net income, and production costs. Furthermore, based on the binary logistic regression model of land productivity probability, variables that significantly affect land productivity of Pagar Alam coffee farms are area, number of trees, crop production, and net income. The accuracy of the model simultaneously was 93.2%. The probability value of the model is predominantly influenced by the harvest production variable with an odds ratio of 49.505. If the category of harvest production and net income increases, the probability for high land productivity will also increase. Conversely, if the area of land and the number of trees increases, the probability of high land productivity will decrease.
Generalizations of pareto distribution with applications to lifetime data
Authors: Haj Ahmad H , Almetwally E
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we consider five different generalizations of the well-known Pareto distribution. In literature, different generalizations were used so that the newly generated lifetime distributions were more flexible and can be used to model skewed, symmetric, and monotone data. We consider some important characteristics of the generalized Pareto distributions, such as monotonicity and hazard rate function. Comparisons are performed between the different generalizations of Pareto distribution. Modelling real data examples are done using the different goodness of fit tests. Numerical methods are used to conduct the suggested tests, and resulted with the models that are most suitable for describing the behaviour for these data. Finally, the conclusion is given to illustrate the purpose of this work
Variance gamma for stock model performance with excess kurtosis
Authors: Hoyyi A , Tarno  , Maruddani D A I , Rahmawati R
Published: July 2021

The Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) model is used widely for model the dynamic of asset price movement. One of the company’s assets is a stock. The distribution of stock data that is normally distributed can be modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion model. However, the distribution of stock data showed excess kurtosis and tail when using the Brown Geometry Motion model was less precise. One model for data showing excess kurtosis and tail was Variance Gamma (VG). In this research, the sample used was the stock data of PT Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk for the period April 25
th
, 2018 to April 24
th
, 2020. The data sample was divided into two parts, namely training data and testing data. Based on the result of the stock description statistics, the value of skewness = -2.105417 and kurtosis = 22.16438 was obtained, while hypothesis testing concluded that the stock distribution did not spread normally. The resulting parameters for the VG model were σ = 0.08071, v = 8.00500 and θ = 0.01976. Based on the results of testing on the last 38 observations, the MAPE value was = 6.97560%. These results gave the conclusion that the VG model provided excellent forecasting results.
Determination parameter of exponential function based positive number
Authors: Sudarno  , Widiharih T
Published: July 2021

The relationship between variables can be made a model or function. The use of the function is as a tool for making a prediction of the response, provided the value of the predictor is known. A function has independent variable, dependent variable, and parameter. The function discussed is an exponential function with base number in positive number. Furthermore, it is developed in the form of the exponential function with one parameter, the exponential function with two parameters and the exponential regression model. To create a function required some parameters. We need a certain method to find parameter. The accuracy of obtained function model shows the goodness of the function in approaching the distribution of the data. The method used to find parameter using the sum square error and logarithm function. Using logarithm function produces a linear function. Computation of parameters using R and Matlab programs. To measure the value of model accuracy using the mean square error. The purpose of this study is to find parameter of the exponential function with one parameter, the exponential function with two parameters and the exponential regression model. The presentation of the result of this discussion is in form of table and picture in the hope that it is easy to understand and interesting. The output of the exponential function with one parameter shows that the base value is 1.050021, the parameter value α is 7.969737 and the prediction accuracy value is 99.996%. The exponential function with two parameters shows that the base value is 0.5, the parameter value α is 7.969737, and the parameter value β is - 0.071, while for the base value is 10, the parameter value α is 7.969737, and the parameter value β is 0.02. The prediction accuracy of the exponential function with two parameters is 99.996%. While the exponential regression model shows that the base value is 0.5, the parameter value α is 128.336, and the parameter value β is -55.828. The prediction accuracy of the exponential regression model is 84.8%.
Development of R-Shiny interface for implementation of backpropagation neural network model in breast cancer classification
Authors: Islahuzaman G , Santoso R , Warsito B , Ispriyanti D , Yasin H
Published: July 2021

Artificial Neural Network or Neural Network (NN) is an information processing system that has similar characteristics to the neural network in living things. One type of NN that is often used in classification is Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). BPNN is an NN model that is often used for classification because it does not need to use assumptions and has high accuracy. One of the classification problems that can be solved with BPNN is the classification of breast cancer. The breast cancer data used in this study came from the UCI Machine Learning website. The problem with BPNN is that programming is difficult for users who do not understand the program, especially the R program. Therefore, to make it easier for users to analyze BPNN, an R-Shiny application or interface is created using the RStudio program. The application or R-Shiny interface that has been created has several advantages, namely the application process that is fast in displaying classification results, the use of user-friendly applications and the use of applications that are more comfortable when compared to having to write syntax such as in the R program. BPNN classification results use The R-Shiny interface has a different level of accuracy for each experiment due to the random distribution of training & testing data. The experiments conducted in this study resulted in a range of accuracy values ranging from 58.33% to 91.67% with an average accuracy of 74.17%.
Rainfer: fertilizer production using rainwater as raw material
Authors: Zaman B , Handayani D S , Purwono
Published: July 2021

Shortly after the rain falls to the surface of the soil, the water flows into the water body or seeps into the ground without being optimally utilized. The low chemical and physical components are the main drawbacks of rainwater utilization. The raw material for fertilizer in this research is rainwater, so we call it rain fertilizer (rainfer). The main components of the additive are Bryophyta, sp, monosodium glutamate, hydrated lime, sodium chloride. They are added to enrich the physical and chemical components. The rainfer reactor is cylindrical with a maximum capacity of 70 liters. As much as 35 litres of rainwater plus additive is put into the reactor and stirred using a pump for 15 minutes until homogeneous. Let the mixture sit for 7 x 24 hours. The results showed that the addition of additives succeeded in increasing the parameters of TDS and conductivity respectively by 98.68% and 99.03%. The concentration of nitrate as nitrogen increased by 96.54%, from 1.13 mg/L to 32.67 mg/L. The final pH was 7.78, total P was 78.47 mg/L, total K was 0.03 mg/L, and heavy metal Cu was 0.06 mg/L. The level of toxicity based on the germination index value was 70.16% compared to the control, which is equivalent to mature and stable compost. The addition of additives can improve the quality of rainwater based on physical, chemical, and non-toxic parameters.
Probing the interaction of HAV4 peptide (Ac-SHAVAS-NH2) with E-cadherin domain EC1-EC2 by molecular docking
Authors: Aisyafalah S , Hudiyanti D , Asy’ari M , Siahaan P
Published: July 2021

E-cadherin-derived peptides, which are peptide sequences taken from their binding sites, have been shown to be able to modulate cross-cell junction so as to facilitate drug delivery to their targets. One of the E-cadherin-derived peptides, HAV4 (Ac-SHAVAS-NH2) previously has been studied by in vitro and in vivo where the activity of the HAV4 peptide is able to modulate the tight junction between E-cadherin cells. The physicochemical properties of macromolecule such as protein or peptide are very important to understand the function of the macromolecule. Computational chemistry method has good advantage for understanding physicochemical properties in studying the structure, dynamic, and interaction of molecules in support of experimental data. The purpose of this study is to prove the inhibitory activity of interaction between E-cadherin cells and the best conformation of HAV4 peptide by its binding energy and active site parameters. This study uses molecular dynamic simulation and molecular docking. The results of research in 27°C temperature at 20000 ps molecular dynamic simulation which prove the HAV4 peptide has the best conformation at the 2508 ps with conformation energy -47704.4 kJ.mol−1. Based on the results of molecular docking simulation, interaction between HAV4 peptide and E-cadherin domain EC1-EC2 show binding energy of -24.393 kJ.mol−1 with the Ki inhibition constant of 53.17 µM. This strong interaction occurs in the adhesion arm-acceptor pocket area with residual active sites Trp2, Ile4, Ile24, Lys25, Ser26, Asn27, Ser78, Glu89, Asp90, Met92.
Synthesis of chitosan-salicylaldehyde/vanillin Schiff base as antibacterial active compound on cotton fabrics
Authors: Ismiyarto  , Handayani W S , Ngadiwiyana  , Sarjono P R , Prasetya N B A
Published: July 2021

In this study, chitosan-salicylaldehyde/vanillin was synthesis by reflux method via condensation reaction. The aim of this study was to apply the Schiff base compound to cotton fabrics and test its antibacterial activity. The chitosan-salicylaldehyde/vanillin Schiff base was applied to cotton fabrics using spray method and antibacterial activity tested using turbidimetric method. The Schiff base was achieved with formation of brownish-yellow solids. The characterization of chitosan-salicylaldehyde Schiff base showed C=N vibration at 1649.18 cm−1, the ratio of Schiff base formed was 0.403 in a yield of 56% (b/b). The treated cotton fabrics using chitosan-salicylaldehyde/vanillin Schiff base showed optimum inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus up to 69% at 6 hours and Escherichia coli up to 7% at 18 hours.
Adsorption of Fe (III) metal ion by ionic imprinted polymer (IIP) method with poly (ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) as a crosslinker
Authors: Djunaidi M C , Fitriana W , Lusiana R A , Suseno A
Published: July 2021

The adsorption of Fe (III) metal ions in water media using the ionic imprinted polymer has been carried out with a polyeugenol base polymer and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) as the crosslinking agent. The adsorbent is in the form of Ionic Imprinted Polymer Fe (IIP-Fe), and Non-Imprinted Polymer (NIP) was also used as a comparison. The polymer results are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The adsorption test was performed to obtain the adsorption kinetics by varying the contact time. Meanwhile, adsorption isotherm was performed by varying the concentration of adsorbate, and adsorption selectivity between binary metal ions of Fe(III)/Cr(III), F(III)/Zn(II), and Fe(III)/Ag(I). Also, the adsorption mechanism was studied using different solvents such as HCl, Aquadest, KNO3, and Na2EDTA. The results of the filtrate in the adsorption test were characterized using AAS. The results showed the optimum time in kinetics was 60 minutes, the adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model with a large adsorption capacity of 23.640 mg/g on IIP-Fe and 17.636 mg/g on NIP. Adsorption selectivity towards Fe (III) metal ions in binary metal ions shows results in the order of Fe(III)/Zn(II)>Fe(III)/Cr(II)>Fe(III)/Ag(I), while the adsorption mechanism was dominated by hydrogen bonds.
Electrocoagulation and electro fenton and their applications in the processing of lindi water from landfill waste in campus area of Diponegoro University
Authors: Suhartana  , Pardoyo
Published: July 2021

Piles of garbage could an impact on reducing aesthethics, lowering the quality of groundwater and the health of the people who live around the landfill (TPA). The focus of research aims to reduce the content of organic pollutants dissolved in leachate at the Diponegoro University landfill (TPA). There are 2 methods chosen, namely the electrocoagulation method and the Fenton electro method. The electrodes used in these 2 methods are the same, namely aluminum and ferrous metals (as anode) and carbon (as cathodes). Our observations in the laboratory show that the dissolved organic matter in leachate at Diponegoro University’s final disposal site (TPA) (COD parameter) was 6.2 ppm, still far below the leachate content of TPA Jati barang 9.1 -16.2 ppm. The limit of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in PP 82, 2001 (10 ppm). With the electrocoagulation method, when aluminum metal (as anode) was used, the amount of organic material that could be removed was 77.6%, while with ferrous metal (as anode) the amount of organic material that could be removed was smaller, namely 69.8%. Whereas with the Fenton electro method, when using aluminum metal (as anode), the amount of organic material that could be removed was 89.9%, while with ferrous metal (as anode) the amount of organic material that could be removed was smaller, namely 71.6%. The addition of inorganic salts (100 ppm NaCl and 100 ppm Na2SO4) was able to increase the yield of organic matter removal between 2.1 - 5.1%.
Analysis proximate of sargassum seaweed sp
Authors: Winarni S , Zainuri M , Endrawati H , Arifan F , Setyawan A , Wangi A P
Published: July 2021

Sargassum sp. seaweed becomes one of the interesting food preparations for the community and can be a potential local food-based product because this type of brown seaweed can be processed into food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile products. Seaweed Sargassum sp. has economic value and protection for marine life. Sargassum sp can be beneficial in the health field because it contains protein, minerals, alginates, active compounds of steroids, alkaloids, and phenols that function as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties. Sargassum sp., was the largest class of brown algae (Phaeophyta) in tropical seas. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional composition of Sargassum sp. which includes protein content, fat content, ash content, and water content. The method used is a proximate analysis method based on SNI 01-2354.4-2006, SNI 2891 01 1992, SNI 01-2354.1-2006, and SNI 2354.2: 2015. The results obtained were Sargassum sp protein levels of 3.048% higher than E. cottonii. Fat content in Sargassum sp of 0.617% of dry weight is lower than E. cottonii. The ash content of Sargassum sp was 7.112% higher than that of E. cottonii in proportion to the mineral content of the two seaweeds. The water content of Sargassum sp was 67.281% lower than E. cottonii, both of which were higher than the specified water content standard of <32%. This is also influenced by the drying process. Conclusion: Sargassum sp has good content to be consumed and used as local food products.
Effect different sampling times of Ulva sp on polysaccharide sulfate content
Authors: Sinurat E , Kusumawaty R , Fransiska D , Sihono
Published: July 2021

Ulva sp seaweed generally still harvested from nature, not cultivation. Therefore, guarantee to availability of its seaweed conducted storage in the warehouse. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sulfate polysaccharide content on the sampling times of Ulva sp. The sampling time of seaweed raw materials is freshly harvested seaweed, and other has been stored for 4 months. Dried Ulva sp and freshly Ulva sp obtained from Gunung Kidul. The testing parameters include ash content, polysaccharide content, sulfate content, and its yield. The results showed that the highest yield and total polysaccharides were obtained from freshly harvested seaweed, while the sulfate content was similar. Based on the polysaccharide extract test results obtained, storage affects the yield and it content of polysaccharides.
Synthesis of ferrate from ferrous sulfate using wet chemical approach and its application for remazol black B degradation: optimization and kinetic studies
Authors: Prasetya N B A , Suripto S J , Haris A , Ngadiwiyana  , Mohammed N S
Published: July 2021

Chemical oxidation is an effective method for treating wastewater that contains dyes. Ferrate is known as the strongest and environmentally friendly oxidizer in aqueous media. This study aims to degrade remazol black B dyes using ferrate synthesized by the wet chemical method from Ferrous ion of FeSO4.7H2O. This research studies the optimum conditions of degradation including pH, molar ratio and optimum time, degradation kinetics and the comparison of the effectiveness in degrading Remazol Black B dyes among ferrate to permanganate, peroxide and dichromate. The results show that ferrate can oxidize remazol black B effectively at an optimum pH 8, with a molar ratio of ferrates:dyes of 5:1 and the optimum time of degradation of 120 minutes, with the degradation percentage reaches up to 95%. The degradation kinetics of dyes follows first-order kinetics, and ferrate has the highest degradation effectiveness compared to permanganate, peroxide and dichromate.
Quantum corrections to classical trajectories
Authors: Gersten Alexander , Moalem Amnon
Published: July 2021

A consistent formalism with quantum mechanics, different from Bohmian mechanics, which describes the quantum corrections to classical trajectories, is developed. The quantum potential of Bohmian mechanics is part of the kinetic energy in our formalism. The difficulties of the Bohmian mechanics formalism are pointed out.
Properties of the quantum vacuum calculated from its structure
Authors: Mainland G. B. , Mulligan Bernard
Published: July 2021

Physicists have speculated about the properties of the quantum vacuum for at least 85 years; however, only recently have they understood the quantum vacuum sufficiently well to begin making testable predictions. Specifically, using Maxwell’s equations to describe the interaction of the electromagnetic field with charged lepton - antilepton vacuum fluctuations, it has been possible to calculate the permittivity of the vacuum, the speed of light in the vacuum, and the fine structure constant. Physicists are now also beginning to successfully address problems in cosmology based on properties of the quantum vacuum. The terms “vacuum catastrophe” and “old cosmological problem” refer, respectively, to the predictions that the vacuum energy density and the cosmological constant are both approximately 120 orders of magnitude larger than the observed values. Using properties of the quantum vacuum and well-established physics, it is possible to demonstrate that the huge vacuum energy cannot transfer energy to normal matter; accordingly, vacuum energy contributes neither to the observed energy density of the universe nor to the cosmological constant, which plays a central role in the accelerating expansion of the universe.
Waves propagation through a localized axisymmetric vortical flow
Authors: Gadzhiev D A , Gaifullin A M
Published: July 2021

We propose a particular model for the axisymmetric vortex in two-dimensional space that can be generated under the rotation of the circular cylinder in a viscous fluid. The velocity field induced by such vortex is similar to the velocity field of the point vortex in the limited region and exponentially decays at infinity. We consider the plane acoustic wave propagation through such flow. The numerical solution for the scattered field is obtained using the exact integral representation. The scattered wave in the far field is an outgoing cylindrical wave peaking at small scattering angles.
Non-equilibrium dissociation and relaxation behind the shock wave within two-temperature approach
Authors: Gorbachev Yu , Kunova O , Shoev G , Bondar Ye
Published: July 2021

Within the recently proposed asymptotic method for solving the Boltzmann equation for chemically reacting gas mixture, the equations for a dissociating diatomic gas have been derived assuming two-temperature (translational-rotational + vibrational) approximation. Corresponding expressions for the reaction and relaxation rates, determined by the quasi-stationary vibrational distributions, have been obtained under assumption of dissociation from the highest vibrational level. Cut-off harmonic oscillator approximation for the diatomic molecules is assumed. It is shown that all reaction rates are the complex functions of the species densities. Analysis of a flow behind a shock wave is performed in a wide range of the flow parameters. It is shown that under strong non-equilibrium condition the dissociation rate is determined not by the dissociation probability, but by the vibration probability, since the excitation of highest vibrational levels is the bottleneck of dissociation process. This means that the procedure of obtaining the data on dissociation rates needs the accurate revision.