bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mathematical aspects of optimal control of transference processes in spatial networks
Authors: Borisoglebskaya L N , Provotorov V V , Sergeev S M , Kosinov E S
Published: June 2019

The new kind of practical issues was born due to modern trend on globalization and transition to the concept of industry 4.0. These are the processes in commercial networks representing the movement of goods and finance, which have specific economic indicators; migration of populations and labor resources; transference of one-parameter continuous media (diffusion effect). The issues with higher level of complexity occur during the research of multi-phase environments dynamics in network-like media and mathematical modeling of such processes. The authors divide these two problems and offer the formalized description for the laminar processes and dynamic convective processes with feedback. There was developed an approach to solve the problems of optimal control for these processes. The research is based on methods for analyzing systems of partial differential equations with distributed parameters on a graph or network-like domain.
Directions for improving the innovative production of machine-building industrial enterprises
Authors: Vinogradova A I , Strelnikova S V , Fomina Yu V
Published: June 2019

Mechanical engineering is a generally recognized as main springboard for both innovative transformations in the economy and accelerating technological progress. Technological re-equipment of industrial enterprises cannot be implemented without a modern engineering industry. The competitiveness of the region economy and the country as a whole depends on how much this industry is able to generate and assimilate innovations. In connection with this, an important issue is the understanding of the obstacles to the innovative processes development in domestic engineering. The article analyzes the level of innovation development of joint-stock company “Krasnoyarsk machine-building factory”, discusses the main strategic objectives of innovative development. Further development of economic activities related to the machine-building complex will continue in response to the implementation of investment projects aimed at expanding, modernizing, reconstructing and modernizing existing production facilities.
Promotion based on digital interaction algorithm
Authors: Borisoglebskaya L N , Provotorova E N , Sergeev S M
Published: June 2019

The article is devoted to the modeling of digital interaction by analyzing responses to the promotion of commercial brands through all possible channels of influence on consumer preferences. Formalisms are introduced, a mathematical model is compiled. The calculation of the optimal modes was carried out.
Applied calculus of fuzzy predicates for the formalization of knowledge
Authors: Serov V V , Sokolov I V , Budnik A A
Published: June 2019

The formalization of knowledge remains one of the main problems of informatization. Special, applied knowledge can be streamlined, brought to a logical level and used to solve specific problems of a qualitative nature. The problems of applied fuzzy knowledge formalization from the point of view of mathematical logic and the theory of fuzzy sets are considered. Use of the applied calculus of fuzzy predicates of the first order was developed and proposed for the representation of knowledge and problem solving. The developed methods were used in the expert system for scientific research in the field of molecular spectroscopy, as well as other subject areas.
The logarithmic basis to measure the amount of information related to the assessment of reliability of elements of the technical system
Authors: Dulesov A S , Karandeev D J , Eremeeva O S , Khrustalev V I , Dulesova N V
Published: June 2019

The possibilities of application of logarithmic measure in the problem of reliability evaluation of elements of a technical system are considered. The article presents a brief analysis of the processes of additive and multiplicative growth of system indicators, among which the probability of failure-free operation and failure rate are considered. These indicators were considered in relation to the exponential distribution law of random variables associated with multiplicative growth. The growth of reliability indicators is expressed through the natural logarithm, which allows to determine the amount of information belonging to the element of the system. Considering the additive growth and multiplicative growth in the aggregate, the mathematical expressions of the determination of information entropy in the case of operation of the technical system are presented. The obtained quantitative entropy values are the basis for assessing the state and level of reliability of the system. An example of the calculation is given, confirming the importance of the participation amount of entropy in the problem of estimating the reliability of systems.
Calculation methods of noise immunity of the receivers under the mutual effect of tracking systems and complex tracking systems
Authors: Kartsan I N , Malanina Yu N , Zhukov A O , Tsarev R Yu , Brezitskaya V V
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the methods for improving the reliability and validity of the GLOSNASS signal. These methods reveal the principles of improving the signal reliability and validity by reducing the noise level from the received signal. The main attention is paid to the calculation of the noise immunity of the receivers under the mutual effect of tracking systems and complex tracking systems. The article deals with the noise immunity of coherent and noncoherent receivers, the noise immunity of the complex tracking systems.
Constructive concept of address normalization
Authors: Rudakova G M , Gladkov S L , Korchevskaya O V
Published: June 2019

The paper addresses the problem of addressing as an identifier for the location of real estate objects. One of the main tasks in this field of activity is the problem of reducing an arbitrary address to normal form. From the analysis of the definitions of the address it follows that the address is a point in the space of the requisites. The constructive concept of the normalization of the address and requisites is introduced. The set of normal addresses (requisites) refers to the union of the base and revoked (canceled) addresses (requisites). The real set of values of each requisite is wider than the set of its normal values. Therefore, the steps of expanding the set of normal values of the properties in the direction of the set of real values of properties are considered. At each step of the proposed method, the rule (function) of normalization of the extended requisite value is considered, i. e. converting it to one of the normal values. The requirements for the synthesis of the properties of the requisite in the form of a name and number, spelling, following the words and the uniqueness of its semantic meaning, as well as to the semantic normalization of addresses are given.
Success-history based biology-inspired algorithms for global trajectory optimization
Authors: Akhmedova S , Stanovov V , Erokhin D , Semenkina O
Published: June 2019

Biology-inspired algorithms are computationally efficient for real-parameter optimization. However, the search efficiency of such algorithms depends significantly on their ability in keeping the balance between exploration and exploitation when solving complex multimodal problems. A new technique for generating potential solutions in biology-inspired algorithms is proposed. The stated technique uses a historical memory of successful positions found by individuals to guide them in different directions, thereby improving their exploration and exploitation abilities. Thus, this paper describes the application of modified biology-inspired algorithms, namely the Firefly Algorithm, the Cuckoo Search Algorithm and the Bat Algorithm to global trajectory optimization problems. The problems are provided by the European Space Agency and represent trajectories of several well-known spacecraft, such as Cassini and Messenger. Firstly, modified versions of the listed heuristics as well as their original variants were evaluated on a set of various test functions. Then their performance was evaluated on two global trajectory optimization problems: Cassini-1 and Messenger. The experimental results obtained by them are presented and compared. It was established that success-history based position adaptation allows better solutions to be found with the same computational effort while solving complex real-world problems. Thus, the usefulness of the proposed position adaptation technique was demonstrated.
Methodological support for automating risk analysis of engaging users in the destructive content of the network for sharing content
Authors: Filatov V , Ostapenko A , Barannikov N , Yurasov V
Published: June 2019

One of the possible ways of hazard assessment of video hosting resources on the basis of a combination of a way of identification of destructive content and risk of the involvement of users at content distribution is given in the work. The way of identification of destructive content is based on a preliminary calculation of patterns. The method of calculation of patterns is also given in the article. Calculation risk analysis is based on parameters of the channel and content: comments, likes, dislikes, number of viewings, size of audience and others. Hazard assessment consists of obtaining a rated value of integrated risk for the involvement of users into the maintenance of destructive content of the resource. The proposed method is applicable in systems with a high level of automation to identify the most harmful sources of information on video hosting sites.
Data distribution system: clustering based on neural network technologies
Authors: Vikulov E O , Denisova L A
Published: June 2019

This article is about data distribution of high load systems. We proposed a way of distribution by means of data clustering based on neural network technologies. Clustering of the test sample of data from server stations performed. This sample of data received from cloud computing server stations distributed across different data centers. Results of experimental research proved the effectivity of neural networks in case of high load data distribution.
Improved classification EM algorithm for the problem of separating semiconductor device production batches
Authors: Rozhnov I , Kazakovtsev L , Bezhitskaya E , Bezhitskiy S
Published: June 2019

This paper focuses on new proposed algorithms for cluster problem solving. The proposed algorithms are based on Classification EM algorithm (CM-algorithm). The algorithms are new algorithms of the greedy heuristic method using the idea of searching in alternating neighborhoods. The numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithms have less mean values and/or less standard deviation of objective function, less scatter of obtained values in comparison with classical CEM-algorithm.
A numerical solving method using the parallel computing technologies for the quantum-kinetic models
Authors: Abramov G V , Gavrilov A N , Akinina Ju S
Published: June 2019

In the process of designing a carbon nanostructure (CNS) synthesis system, the main task is to determine the technological and functional parameters of synthesis. We offered a mathematical model of the process for the purpose of studying the synthesis processes using the graphite thermal evaporation, based on the Boltzmann kinetic equation, which takes into account elastic and non-elastic particle interactions. We offer a numerical solving method using the parallel computing technologies. We conducted the study of the effect of the main synthesis parameters on the carbon cluster formation and the amount of obtained material containing CNS.
Development of the information security system effective structure for the distributed computer networks
Authors: Gasimov V A , Amashov Y A , Aliyeva F P , Mustafayeva E A , Mutin D I , Bolnokin V E
Published: June 2019

The work is devoted to the study of the problems of creating an integrated information security system for distributed computer networks. The task of determining the effective structure of the information security system is set. The solution of such a task allows minimize the probability of threats, as well as material, moral damage and time loss as a result of the implementation of such threats. The methods of synthesis of the effective structure of the information security system are described below.
Russian stationary vibration control and mechanical displacement systems for electric power pumps of thermal power plants
Authors: Tynchenko Ya A , Gofman P M , Kovalev I V , Voroshilova A A
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the possibility of using Russian stationary vibration and mechanical quantities control systems for electric power boilers of thermal power plants, in particular, the implementation of automated control of absolute vibration bearing, axial shear and speed with the requirements of regulatory documents. A review and analysis of the market of stationary systems for monitoring vibration and mechanical quantities, their technical and metrological characteristics was carried out. The possibility of integrating Russian stationary systems for monitoring vibration and mechanical quantities into automated process control systems of thermal power plants, their application in various subsystems, including the subsystem of technological protection and safety locks, is considered. An assessment was made of compliance with regulatory documents governing the construction of such systems, taking into account the requirements of supervisory authorities.
Development of machine schedule at engineering enterprises
Authors: Kovalev I V , Karaseva M V , Voroshilova A A , Tuev E V
Published: June 2019

The article considers the mathematical formulation of the Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). The RCPSP structure is represented by a graph. The article regards some special cases of RCPSP for which at present there exist either exact deterministic polynomial algorithms for their solving or approximate heuristic algorithms that find an approximate optimal solution in polynomial time.
Energy efficiency of well electric submersible pumps for oil production
Authors: Gizatullin F A , Khakimyanov M I , Shafikov I N
Published: June 2019

Downhole artificial lift is the most energy-intensive process at the oil companies. In the current economic conditions, the oil companies are forced to optimize the power consumption for production processes. To do this, you must have a methodology for calculating the energy consumption of all oil-producing equipment. Energy losses occur in all parts of the electrical submersible pump units: submersible motors, electrical cables, transformers and control station. There are analytical expressions that allow finding the power consumption in all elements of the pumping unit. However, the energy consumption depends on many process and operating parameters, such as density, viscosity, water content wellbore fluid, gas content, temperature in the borehole. The authors conducted a study on the impact on the power consumption of various technological and operational parameters. When adjusting the pump performance varies depression and reservoir, respectively, and the oil recovery wells. Therefore, to determine the optimal performance of the pump for the payment by a particular well is problematic. The relationship between the formation and the depression change inflow well fluid can be determined according to well testing. The results of this research can be useful to specialists in the development of the oil-producing enterprises of measures to optimize energy consumption.
Evaluation of the influence of slag heaps on the state of the urban residential area
Authors: Sviridova T V , Bobrova O B , Peryatinsky A Yu , Nekerov E A
Published: June 2019

The paper is concerned with the analysis of heavy metal content in soils depending on the distance from the considered source of pollution of Magnitogorsk and its suburbs. It was found that the main investigated heavy metals polluting soils are zinc, lead and copper. The main objective of this research work is to carry out the analysis of heavy metal content dynamics in soil from 2014 to 2017 taking into account environmental protection measures taken within the frame of the environmental program of the PJSC MMK. The slagheap of the III order located in the North of the city on the left-bank valley side of the river Ural was considered as the source of pollution. The research group calculated the following characteristic values: the total pollution index of soils and the ecotoxicological index of chemical pollution of soils with pollutants of different classes of hazard.
The results of the differential mineral fertilization in the automatic mode according to the task map
Authors: Sherstobitov Sergey
Published: June 2019

Off-line differential fertilization is one of the science-intensive technological processes in the precision farming system. The process ensures the change of the norm during the movement of the device in the field in the automatic mode according to the task map compiled on the personal computer for the elementary parts of the field. In the conditions of Western Siberia, studies have been conducted to identify the effectiveness of a differentiated method of applying nitrogen fertilizers for the planned yield of spring wheat of 3.0 t/ha. Off-line implementation of the technological process allows reducing the rate of fertilizers by 7.7-21.1%, production costs by 1.9-3.4% compared to the traditional method. It is shown that the application of top-dressing in off-line mode increases production costs by 10.2%, the rate of ammonium nitrate - 34.4-68.5% relative to the differential application of 4.0 t/ha to the planned yield of spring wheat.
Development of automated control system for waste sorting
Authors: Sereda T G , Kostarev S N
Published: June 2019

A crucial prerequisite for recycling forming an integral part of municipal solid waste (MSW) management is sorting of useful materials from source-separated MSW. The morphological composition of the waste generated in Russia was studied. Theoretical bases of management of the waste sorting conveyor have been developed taking into account failures such as uneven loading and uneven sorting of waste. The calculation of the waste material balance was based on solving the system of Euler equations and flow control. Control laws are defined to control the flow and density of waste on the conveyor. A relay-contact scheme for automatic sorting of waste to extract various fractions of recyclable waste, such as metal, plastic, paper, glass and organic matter from MSW was developed. The synthesis of a finite state of a machine control system for waste sorting is implemented on a programmable logic device Omron.
Environmental impact of transport and technological activities in Krasnoyarsk, prospect of using gas-motor fuel
Authors: Bezborodov Yu N , Kovaleva M A , Sokolnikov A N , Shram V G , Tsygankova E V
Published: June 2019

The present study describes environment impact of motor transport in Krasnoyarsk. The negative effects of annually increasing vehicle fleet on the city atmosphere are revealed. Harmful (polluting) substances emissions into atmospheric air from motor transport (2014-2017) have been analyzed, it is calculated that their quantity for this period has increased by three times. Change dependencies of fixed substances concentration in recent years: SO2, NOx, light organic compounds (LOC), CO, C, NH3 are given. Parameters on which emissions of pollutants in the atmosphere depend are considered. The prospects of using gas motor fuel, economic and ecological effect of the market expansion are defined.
Development of an automated system for integrated environmental monitoring of a municipal waste landfill
Authors: Kostarev S N , Sidorova K A , Ravilov R Kh , Kochetova O V
Published: June 2019

The necessity of developing a model for monitoring emissions and discharges from a municipal solid waste landfill at the border of the sanitary protection zone is substantiated. An integrated model for monitoring the state of atmospheric pollution has been developed, taking into account the forecast calculation of emissions and operational monitoring. A truth table was compiled for determining the states of the MSW polygon. A minimization of the disjunctive normal form was carried out using Karnaugh maps, a relay-contact scheme of automated environmental monitoring of the sanitary protection zone of MSW landfills was constructed. An automated operator workplace has been developed using the Omron hardware and software system. Numerical calculation of emissions of impurities into the atmosphere are carried out with the help of Ansys Workbench.
Power control of the engine operating on the fixed pitch propeller
Authors: Osovskii Dmitrii I , Sharatov Aleksei S
Published: June 2019

The analysis of operational and constructive methods for changing the power of the main engine working on a fixed pitch propeller has been carried out. To purposefully change the operating mode of the main engine, additional (special) jet action of water on the propeller blades of a fixed pitch can be used. The physical effect of supplying additional water to the blades and its effect on the effective power of the main engine is explained. The mutual arrangement of the propeller load curves of the characteristic modes of the engine when additional water is supplied to the blades is analysed. The additional modes of operation of the main engine, implemented with the help of an additional jet effect, are determined. Purposeful change in power consumption at a constant speed prevents possible overloading of the main engine in case of deterioration of operating conditions. Of further interest is the assessment of the thermal and mechanical tension of the main engine operating in varying operating conditions.
Assessment and distribution of the hydropower rent
Authors: Kobalinskiy M V , Simonov K V
Published: June 2019

The paper considers the problems of rent distribution peculiar for modern society. Based on the existing external reports of companies-users of natural resources, information technology and the algorithm for calculating the differential rent, the calculations of the annual rent and its current distribution are presented. It is shown that the lack of transparent statistical and reporting information of the companies of tenants/owners of unique hydropower objects does not allow to determine unambiguously the size of a nature-resource rent, in this case a hydropower rent, and, respectively, to create the fair mechanism of its distribution between the company using natural resources (waterways, rivers), and society for the purpose of formation of sustainable ecologic and economic development of the territory. It is shown that faire distribution of a hydropower rent of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station will allow to provide sharp decrease in deficit of the consolidated budget of Krasnoyarsk Region and increase in financing of ecological actions.
Optimal location and grouping of forces against spontaneous dynamic processes with Pseudo-Boolean optimization algorithms
Authors: Yarovoy S V , Dorrer G A , Shaporova Z E , Kazakovtsev L A
Published: June 2019

We propose an algorithm based on the varying probabilities method and agent model for solving problems of optimal location of the agents (forces) counteracting the spread of natural spontaneous dynamic processes, calculation of optimal localization trajectories and grouping (clustering) of such agents by localizable processes.
Experience in industrial wastewater treatment of woodworking enterprise system
Authors: Isakov V G , Dyagelev M Y , Varfolomeeva O I , Abramova A A , Chvorenkov D A
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the results of the experience of industrial wastewater reuse after cleaning from formaldehyde-containing compounds in the water supply system at a woodworking enterprise. The drains after the main stage of mechanical cleaning, cascade precipitators, were additionally settled with the addition of chemical reagents: 5% aluminium sulphate solution, 6% polyacrylamide solution and 10% sodium solution. In this case, the maximum cleaning effect was achieved by 7% higher without the use of reagents. A detailed analysis of the dry residue showed that during the processes of settling up to 28% of the dissolved resins are transferred to the solid phase, and the additional treatment with chemical reagents no longer contributes to the transition of the dissolved resins to a dispersed state. As a modification of the technological scheme of industrial wastewater treatment, two options were proposed that differ in the preliminary preparation of the effluent before evaporation.
Image processing system in conditions of uncertainty and the training of its operator
Authors: Alekseev V V , Lakomov D V , Maamari A G , Shishkin A A , Petrukhnova G V
Published: June 2019

In modern information systems, decision making based on image processing is hampered by the impact of negative external and internal factors leading to image blurring, which introduces uncertainty in this process. In this regard, algorithms and models are used to reduce the effect of uncertainty in image analysis. The article presents a new adaptive algorithm for image processing in different wave bands. The article also presents the results of research on the training of operators of image processing systems in conditions of uncertainty. It is proposed to train the operators of these systems on the basis of a competence-based approach using an information system that allows you to create individual training paths for the operators. The implementation of the training information system is proposed to be made on the basis of a web service.
Analysis of the chemical composition of dust particles in the warehouse of building materials
Authors: Azarov V N , Sakharova A A , Lupinogin V V , Evtushenko A I , Nikolenko M A
Published: June 2019

According to the World Health Organization (who), in addition to the already known (nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide), solid suspended dust particles were added to the most dangerous for human air pollutants. The inclusion of these particles in the list of especially dangerous pollutants has opened the way for a large number of studies, including their accounting in different conditions and for different types of economic activities in order to reduce their concentration in the air. To assess the harmful effects of dust on humans as air pollutants, it is necessary to know the chemical composition of these particles. The article considers the dust entering the atmosphere of warehouses for two variants (cases) of storage in soft tissues, in a cloth or plastic packaging. Dust of the most common building materials and dust of organogenic rocks, on the example of flask. The chemical composition and structure of materials on the basis of quantitative and qualitative microprobe analysis (EDS). Visually presented in the form of tables with the content of each element at different points of the same material and in the areas of two different materials.
Chemistry of intermediate layer water-oil emulsion formation
Authors: Kurbatova A D , Kovaleva M A , Lysyannikova N N , Kravtsova E G , Tsygankova A V
Published: June 2019

The paper considers the problem of accumulation and disposal of oil sludge including a resistant water-oil emulsion, oil sludge classification and treatment methods are presented. Detailed studies have revealed that stability giving to the emulsion system consisting of two immiscible liquids requires presence of the third component which performs function of a stabilizer. These stabilizers create boundary adsorption films which are a structural and mechanical barrier to contact and coalescence dispersed water globules. The structure of intermediate layer and lower sublayer is considered, the reasons for their formation are determined.
Experimental research and the numerical simulation of the non-standard pump for the flow-circulation type reactor
Authors: Khomyakov A P , Mordanov S V , Nikulin V A , Beloded M N , Shkurin P A
Published: June 2019

The paper shows the results of the experimental measurements and the numerical simulation of the flow-circulation type reactor pump main characteristics. The mathematical model based on Navier-Stokes equations and standard k-epsilon turbulence model was used for the pump CFD simulation. The pump power consumption was calculated by the proposed CFD post-processing method. It is found that the simulation error of the proposed method is not more than 2.9%. The obtained results include the regression equations of the pump full pressure, the pump feed and the power consumption at the pump cross-points.
The solution to the problems of gas treatment in alumina production with application of ecological engineering
Authors: Shepelev I I , Eskova E N , Pilaeva O V , Stiglitz I S , Arkhipova L N
Published: June 2019

In this paper, the analysis of the modern situation of the environment in the process of sintering alumina production is carried out. The data on the technology of preparation of sinter and the situation of environmental equipment are given. Ecological assessment of implemented technological decisions in the sintering department and alumina plant was carried out. There is substantiation for the introduction of additional stages of gases at furnace sintering with the direction of the waste gases of the furnace for the carbonization of aluminate solution. The technical decision in the direction of the gases in the wet treatment in a scrubber-electrofilters and their subsequent use in the alumina production was developed and implemented in the framework of the implementation of ecological engineering in gas treatment of furnaces sintering.
Hydraulic calculation unit in the mathematical model of air separation plant evaporator-condenser
Authors: Chernenko V V , Chernenko D V
Published: June 2019

The hydraulic calculation, which is part of a mathematical model of a condenser-evaporator of a cryogenic air separation plant, based on the multi-step (iterative) method of equation of the hydrodynamic balance of a circuit with natural circulation.
3-D Numerical Modeling of MHD Flows in an Aluminum Reduction Cell
Authors: Pianykh Artem A , Bogovalov Sergey V , Tronin Ivan V , Tkacheva Olga Yu , Radzyuk Alexander Yu
Published: June 2019

Three-dimensional numerical modeling of processes in an aluminum electrolytic cell at a current of 9 kA is performed. The model considers the nonlinear temperature dependence of all physical characteristics of materials. The specificity of the work is the inclusion in the model of the dynamics of the gas formed during the operation of the cell. The bubble motion, magnetic forces and heat convection essentially affect the overall dynamics of the electrolyte and metal. Calculations were carried out using the commercial software packages ANSYS CFX 18.2 and ANSYS Maxwell united with the aid of the user FORTRAN program.
The technique of optimal choice of energy sources in the electrical systems with distributed generation
Authors: Akhtulov A L , Ivanova L A , Leonov E N
Published: June 2019

The article describes the technique of choice of primary energy sources of electrical systems with distributed generation. This issue is highly relevant considering the development of these systems in Russia. To optimize the building of electrical systems subject to the requirements the objective function of optimization, which takes into account both the normal operating modes of the elements, and damage caused by the interruption of electricity supply when disconnecting the source is proposed. A software product developed by means of algorithmization and programming based on the methodology of the objective function of optimization is described. The results presented in this work indicate that the proposed method allows to satisfactorily optimize the design of primary energy sources and can be used in the design.
Development software platform for collection and exchange of data in the field of waste management
Authors: Epifancev K , Hvan D , Morokina G , Baranov I
Published: June 2019

The strategic guidelines of the energy policy are the environmental safety of the energy sector. The article discusses the creation in the laboratory of GUAP on the basis of the software package National Instruments informatized waste assessment system on the possibility and choice of waste disposal, as well as the choice of waste processor from the database. This system will create activity in the waste market, which will involve processors. For this purpose, the research of thermal conductivity of RDF-raw materials of waste landfills in the laboratory of quality control of new functional materials GUAP and programming in Java Script virtual platform ECO 365. The global perspective of the project is the consolidation of the laboratory of new composite materials GUAP to create a waste processing Center with the main focus on research in the field of production and sale of biogas. Demand in the market is large. The used technologies of analytical and measuring instruments and programs of three-dimensional equipment will allow to apply in parallel with the analysis of raw materials the possibility of developing equipment for the production of by-products from waste with their subsequent certification.
Methods of synthesis of energy-efficient structures for regulating semiconductor frequency converters
Authors: Bukhanov S S , Imanova A A , Kornienko M N , Zhuravleva L A , Fediakov V V
Published: June 2019

A mathematical model of the power part of the semiconductor converter was developed in this article. The analysis of processes in systems with synchronous electric drives. Experimental and analytical studies have shown that in electric drives with traditional synchronous motors with electromagnetic excitation it is necessary to take into account the influence of winding stray fluxes when setting up a control system. In electric drives with powers exceeding 1000 kW, the effect of leakage fluxes will increase significantly. Experimental methods have established that in multiphase electric drives, when the number of phases is greater than three, the influence of inductive scattering resistance can be neglected, and the mathematical model of the power section of a semiconductor converter is simplified. At the stages of adjustment, it is allowed to approximate the mathematical model of the system by sequential connection of aperiodic links of the first order, the time constants of which are specified during the study of frequency characteristics. The parameters of corrective relationships should also be refined by frequency response methods. Considered recommendations were successfully used in adjusting frequency converters for high-speed objects for LLC “RiK-Energo”.
Control of energy-efficient electric drive of pumping stations
Authors: Platonov Vladislav V , Tsirkunenko Anatoly T , Bukhanov Sergey S
Published: June 2019

The principles of pumping station control, providing the most efficient modes of operation are discussed in the article. To perform calculations of energy-efficient operation modes, a mathematical description of the system has been proposed. It is shown that the increase of energy efficiency in the system is achieved by choosing a power circuit, splitting up sections of the pumping station, selecting the appropriate operation algorithms for each of the sections. An electrical equivalent circuit of the control object is proposed. Comparison of the energy consumption of the pumping station was carried out for the following cases: in the first, the cascade did not work, and in the second, the flow was controlled in a cascade over the entire range of flow variation. It is established that the proposed control algorithms can significantly reduce energy consumption from the mains supply by about 30%.
The stages of development of high-performance adjustable AC drives for the objects of metallurgical production
Authors: Grigorev M A , Gryzlov A A , Katrichek V S
Published: June 2019

In the scientific article the requirements for regulated energy-efficient AC electric drives of metallurgical production facilities are formulated. The main stages of development of synchronous reluctance electric drives, including the development of power units, the synthesis of the control system, the choice of mathematical apparatus, as well as the experimental study of the developed system are shown. For the mechanism of a flying shear at PJSC “Chelyabinskiy metalurgicheskiy kombinat” the use of contactless synchronous electric drive with brushless salient pole rotor is most effective, as this allows you to implement over the time of 4-6 times of the rated value and the ability to work in chemically aggressive conditions. It is shown that the task of providing the trajectory of motion can be implemented only in systems with independent control over the excitation channel and the armature. It is shown that as a mathematical description of the system, the structure of the electric drive can be used, similar to the DC drive, but the control signals are supplied from the phase current formation node. The method of experimental research shows that the synthesis of current control circuits can be performed by frequency response methods. Analysis of the experimental current waveforms showed that the separate control of the armature and excitation current is realized independently, while the specific indicators of the system were better than synchronous frequency-controlled electric drives by about 25.
Financial losses of electric power industry, caused by corrosion wear designs lighting poles
Authors: Korobov Yuriy I , Muhambetov Serk B , Laskov Nikolay N , Shveikin Igor E , Chernykh Valentin K
Published: June 2019

Today, the total length of overhead power lines is very high. Supports for power lines and lighting lines exposed to corrosive wear. In this regard, the electricity sector is suffering huge economic losses. The article deals with the problem of the durability of the lighting line supports, reduce the economic costs of maintaining them. Are some of the results of experimental studies. The known methods for measuring the depth of corrosion on the power lines and light lines, as well as full-scale study designs. It is noted that during the survey revealed the specifics of building structures, which limits the possibility of restoring the protective coating in the field, which affects the financial costs. The methods of predicting the losses from corrosion, data observations. The contribution of corrosion losses in the increased likelihood of component failure and financial loss.
Differential twin-engine automobile electric drive
Authors: Belousov E V , Savosteenko N V , Funk T A , Denisova T V , Rumyantseva E A
Published: June 2019

This article considers work stability of a system with two-channel regulation of an autonomous electric drive’s speed, where the first channel is a high-torque drive, where the engine is connected through a gear unit with reducing transfer factor; and the second – high-speed with the similar motor is directly connected. The power summation is realized by using the differential gear unit. It is shown that the stable work can be achieved by a fixation of a speed setting through one channel, and the regulation through the other channel at the same time; control algorithms are shown. Optimal values of transmission ratio of high-torque drive gear unit j = 4 are defined, as well as a turn-on factor (rate of participation in transient process) of high-torque motor with its transient process time minimum.
Predictive model of the trunk oil pipeline technological section on the basis of results of transient conditions test
Authors: Agafonov E D , Mironov A G , Vashchenko G V , Kuklina A I
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the problem of predicting the hydraulic parameters of the trunk oil pipeline (TOP) in transient operating practice. The requirements and assumptions for the model of the trunk oil pipeline are discussed. The basic differential equations describing hydraulic processes in the linear part of the TOP and pumping units are given. The paper analyzes the features of building models of trunk oil pipelines using the Matlab / SimHydraulics tool. As a result, a method for modifying standard Matlab / SimHydraulics tools for building TOP models was proposed. The TOP model “Omsk - Anzhero-Sudzhensk” was built using the modified features of the Matlab / SimHydraulics tool. A model quality criterion is proposed. Comparison of the results obtained in the TOP modeling with measurement data revealed the need to further adjust the model. Using optimization algorithms embedded in the Matlab package, the unknown parameters of the trunk oil pipeline model were adjusted according to the test of transient operating practice using the selected quality criterion.
Influence of thermal insulation from PUR foam to improve thermo-technical parameters of building envelope for broiler housing
Authors: Szabóová T , Balková M
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the thermo-technical assessment of a hall building for broiler breeding. There was a large heat losses in the examined object before the thermal insulation. For this reason, the cladding was from internal side insulated with sprayed PUR foam. In the building was assessed the hygiene criterion, thermo-technical properties of perimeter walls and the life of the structure before and after the insulation. It has been shown that the thermal insulation of the walls had a significant impact on improving the conditions in the hall. Due to the fact that from hygienic assessment and thermovision measurements have been proven heat losses and unsatisfactory condition of uninsulated parts of the hall envelope, it will be necessary to additionally insulate also the soffit part of the ceiling-roof construction and the plinth part.
Possibilities of use of glass recyclate from photovoltaic panels for concrete masonry units
Authors: Stehlík M , Knapová J , Kostka V
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the possibilities of use of glass recyclate from photovoltaic panels for concrete masonry units. It compares different recipes and its physical and mechanical properties with the focus on the compressive strength, density. It then compares the values of these recipes with the values of commonly used composite materials for masonry units without recyclates. Recycling of materials from photovoltaic panels is a highly discussed topic nowadays. The paper presents possibility for secondary use of glass from these panels in building industry, namely the substitution of aggregate in concrete with glass recyclate.
Experimental determination of the influence of additives on shrinkage in self-compacting concrete
Authors: Alexa M , Kucharczyková B , Kocáb D , Daněk P
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the influence of additives on the progress of shrinkage and mass losses in self-compacting concrete. Limestone and fly ash at varying amounts were used as an additive in the production of four types of self-compacting concrete. Volume changes were observed from an early stage of setting (the measurement was commenced within 1 hour of mixing) using shrinkage drains with a moveable wall, followed by a long-term manual measurement using an external strain gauge. For the first 48 hours the volume-change measurement was continuous, and for the next few months it was performed manually. Mass losses were determined simultaneously with shrinkage – during the first 48 hours by weighing on a special weighing table capable of continuous recording, and manually afterwards.
Non-destructive diagnostics of steel-reinforced concrete structures: detecting and locating reinforcement
Authors: Cikrle P , Hüblová S , Kocáb D , Karel O
Published: June 2019

The paper describes the possibilities of non-destructive determination of the location and depth of reinforcement in concrete structures using electromagnetic cover meters. It is currently one of the most popular methods for determining the location, cover depth and diameter of reinforcement. However, there are not many sources that would give a detailed description of specific measurement results. This paper describes the use of the Profometer PM-630 cover meter for in-situ measurement of a steel-reinforced-concrete road bridge deck. The paper details the results of measurements of cover depth, bends in reinforcement, and discusses the strong and weak points of the method.
Measurement of acoustic emission at fibre reinforcement concrete slab with subsoil
Authors: Sucharda O , Pazdera L , Marcalikova Z , Topolar L , Kozielova M , Bilek V
Published: June 2019

The paper deals with the possibility of using the acoustic emission (AE) measurement for the identification of cracks and failure in fibre concrete slabs in interaction with subsoil. In this specific task it is not possible to check visually cracking on the slab bottom surface. The research task included an experimental load test of a slab and supplemented laboratory testing to determine the mechanical properties of fibre concrete. The concrete used has a dosage of 25 kg/m3 fibres. Laboratory tests included cube and cylindrical compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. Homogeneity of the concrete mixture, i.e. uniform distribution of the fibres, was proven with testing of the split tensile strength both evenly and perpendicularly to the direction of filling the concrete mixture into the form. Experimental load test of slab on subsoil was performed on fibre concrete slab with plan dimensions 2000 x 2000 mm and thickness 150 mm. Concrete slab was loaded in the middle with force load step 75 kN. AE measurements were provided using track sensors.
An optimal method of determining the position of bends on shear reinforcement as part of the diagnosis of reinforced concrete beam structures
Authors: Anton O , Komárková T , Heřmánková V
Published: June 2019

The current period in the development of building industry can be characterized as a period of rapid development in this field, not only in the area of new constructions, but also in the area of a new uses of old constructions which find a new use after restoration, and as regards traffic facilities, especially bridge structures, in the area of verification of the existing functional characteristics and prediction of the lifetime of structures. This puts a strain on the field of diagnosis of structures, the development of which can be observed in the last 10 years in the form of a new wave of innovations of the existing NDT (non-destructive testing) methods as well as of the development of completely new devices and technologies. In spite of these facts, it can be said that in a number of cases, the diagnosis of structures is performed in traditional ways without using modern techniques and technologies. The aim of this paper is to present an optimal way of using NDT methods in the diagnosis of reinforced concrete beam structures, specifically in the determination of the position of shear bends on the main load-bearing reinforcement. The paper deals with the current state of the issue and illustrates, on a number of examples from practice, the applicability of individual methods as well as their limitations given by their physical principles and technological solutions.