bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global Energy: Challenges and solutions
Authors: AlZohbi Gaydaa
Published: November 2024

The global growth of population and the rise of industrialization in developing nations led to rise the global energy demand that has attained highest level ever. The energy demand is projected to experience more increase in the coming decades, resulting in rising the carbon emissions and creating a global tension on the way of dealing with this growth. Renewable energy is one of the keys potentials to cope with the rise of the global energy demand. The current paper presents the current situation of the global energy sector, and the different challenges facing the integration of renewable energy in the energy system. Additionally, the paper highlights the different solutions that could facilitate the integration of renewable energy and enhance the benefits offered by renewable energy resources.
Review of the effect of air temperature on human mortality
Authors: Tseliou Areti , Zervas Efthimios
Published: November 2024

This review article examines evidence of the effects of ambient temperature on human mortality through a narrative literature review of studies published from 1980 to September 2023. The electronic database Scopus was used for the literature search using the following keywords: TITLE-ABS-KEY (((mortality OR death) AND (rate OR cause) AND ((ambient OR air) AND temperature))). The search was limited to the English language and humans, including all disciplines. Studies focused on COVID-19 are not included. In all, the results to 3,964 documents, of which 345 were relevant to the aims of the current review, and 24 additional papers were added through the snowball procedure. The studies were organized into seven subcategories: 1) ambient temperature and mortality, 2) air pollutants as confounders or effect modifiers of the ambient temperature-mortality association, 3) excess mortality due to heat waves, 4) association between ambient temperature 5) The use of thermal indices to estimate the effect of ambient temperature on mortality and age 6) association between ambient temperature and sex and 7) studies that suggest protective/ adaptive measures against excess mortality. Most findings showed that both low and high temperatures have increased mortality, and despite global warming, the effect of low temperatures on human mortality is still high. All studies agreed that the cold effect appears with delay and lasts several days, while heat effects were acute. Seniors and females constitute the most vulnerable age groups to extreme temperatures. Different threshold temperatures were identified in the examined regions, which could be explained by the human adaptation to the climatic conditions, implying that the adaptation and mitigation strategies should be specialized on the unique characteristics of the examined regions, both in terms of the climatic and the demographic characteristics of each study area.
Enzymatic treatments of collagen from barramundi (Lates Calcarifer) skin for production of bioactive peptides hydrolysates
Authors: Mohamad Razali Umi Hartina , Dao Sen Lim , Solistyo Joko , Abang Zaidel Dayang Norulfairuz
Published: November 2024

The utilization of barramundi skin, a by-product of the fish processing industry, as a prospective source of alternative collagen has been explored. To further broaden the prospect of barramundi collagen, its hydrolysate form (CH) was investigated using different enzymatic hydrolysis (alcalase and papain) at various concentration (1%, 2% and 3%). Degree of hydrolysis (DH) of the resulting hydrolysates were determined. The CH were then subjected to physico- chemical characterization including assessment of protein content, FTIR spectra, morphology, solubility and antioxidant properties. Among these, alcalase at a concentration of 1% exhibited notable efficacy, yielding a hydrolysate with DH of 56.5 %, 61.44% ABTS radical scavenging activity and 85% solubility across the pH range studied. Furthermore, both alcalase and papain- derived collagen hydrolysates demonstrated the capacity to disrupt the triple helix structure of crude collagen as observed through FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. These results place collagen obtained from barramundi skin as a potential biotechnological alternative to produce highly potential bioactive peptide-containing hydrolysates.
Environmental design and people with visual impairments
Authors: Attaianese Erminia , De Pascale Daniele
Published: November 2024

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) tells us that every person, throughout their life, can find themselves in a situation that causes conditions of limited physical, mental, intellectual, and sensorial abilities. The ‘WHO World report on vision’, in 2019, estimates that 2.2 billion people have a visual impairment due to various conditions and situations. Since most communication is visual, this can be a source of isolation and weakness to all people with visual impairments. The built environment has been designed to be enjoyed by sighted people, but this makes it difficult for visually impaired people to use. One of the main difficulties for blind people is indeed adapting and orienting themselves in unfamiliar indoor environments. This is particularly noticeable as it is necessary to have clear guidance with the help of assistive devices in order to better understand unfamiliar spaces. There are several solutions on the open markets that allow visual impairment people to better enjoy the environment. Based on a literature review, the aim of this paper is to examine the various existing research studies that investigate how environmental design can support accessibility for people with visual impairments.
Environmental impact assessment of industrial waste geopolymer material
Authors: Abdayem Joseph , Aouad Georges , Saba Marianne
Published: November 2024

Geopolymers have emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional ordinary Portland cement concrete due to their compelling thermo-mechanical characteristics and impressive durability. Geopolymer aligns harmoniously with contemporary goals of engineering construction solutions that are stronger, environmentally sustainable, and ecologically friendly. This paper incorporates the environmental impact of various natural minerals and industrial waste materials integrated or reused in their formulation to further investigate geopolymers’ exceptional environmentally friendly attributes. Through careful exploration of the overall properties and characteristics of the materials used in geopolymer production, the work unveils the guiding principles behind selecting and utilizing these components, shedding light on their individual and collective contributions to the material’s overall eco-friendly characteristics. The results of this research elucidate the difference in chemical composition and the main source of the materials. The research done on the environmental impact of several geopolymer materials proves that geopolymers are indeed a suitable alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete as geopolymer concrete reduces the amount of pollution and global warming, which renders geopolymers an environmentally friendly material that has excellent potential to replace ordinary Portland cement as a construction material. However, some of the materials used for geopolymer formulation still present potential harm to the environment.
Soil Erosion in the Vjosa River Watershed in Albania. Problems and Protective Measures
Authors: Lushaj Sherif , Kucaj Enkelejda
Published: November 2024

The sustainability of the Vjosa River, like any ecosystem, is influenced by a variety of natural factors and interventions. The purpose of this study is to analyse the level, factors, economic, social and environmental consequences of erosion in the watershed of the Vjosa river and the alternatives of protection, further prevention of soil erosion, through good governance of the territory. In 2023, the river was declared “National Park” category II. Vjosa is one of the main rivers of the country, originating from the territory of Greece, with a length of 272 km, an average height of 855 m and two main branches (Drinos & Shushica). watershed area 6704 km2, of which 4365 km2 in the country. Increasing temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events due to climate change pose significant challenges to the Vjosa River’s sustainability. he Vjosa River provides essential ecosystem services such as water provisioning, nutrient cycling, and recreational opportunities. Sustainable management practices can enhance these services, ensuring they continue to benefit both nature and human societies.
A decision support tool for municipal waste landfills’ management
Authors: Mihajlović Marina , Dajić Ana , Papić Miloš
Published: November 2024

Most developing countries are disposing of large amounts of biodegradable waste in landfills. Generated landfill gas (LFG) can have negative impact on climate changes but it also can be used as a renewable energy resource. This paper aims to present an application (DeponIS) which supports business processes of waste management on municipal landfills in Serbian conditions. That way better prediction of available LFG quantities can be achieved. This application can help management decisions in several areas: available operational data in real time and strategical decisions based on projections about quantity of LFG in future. It can also be used as a generator for annual reports for Environmental Protection Agency and be in accordance with the polluter pays principle.
Employing a Probabilistic Neural Network for Classifying Cyprus Coastal Eutrophication Status
Authors: Hadjisolomou Ekaterini , Antoniadis Konstantinos , Rousou Maria , Vasiliades Lavrentios , Datsi Evaggelia , Herodotou Herodotos , Michaelides Michalis
Published: November 2024

Good coastal water quality is important for human well-being but also for marine organisms. The European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) has established threshold values for regional seas, with Cyprus collaborating with Greece to assess conditions and set common chlorophyll-a (chl-a) thresholds. In the Levantine Basin, known for its oligotrophic waters, chl-a levels categorize water quality: under 0.1 (μg/l) indicates high quality, 0.1 to 0.4 (μg/l) indicates good quality, and over 0.4 (μg/l) indicates moderate quality. A study developed a Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) to classify coastal water quality based on factors such as dissolved nitrogen (DIN), ortho-phosphates (PO43−), salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and water temperature (WT). Over a 20-year monitoring period (2000-2020), the PNN demonstrated impressive accuracy, achieving 98.1% overall classification accuracy and a macro-averaged F1-score of 97.9%. This model serves as an effective tool for environmental management, capable of accurately predicting the water quality status of the Cypriot coastline based on various measurements, thus contributing to better understanding and preservation of coastal ecosystems.
Modeling the aerobic conversion process of organic waste into organic fertilizers using Aspen HYSYS
Authors: Wehbe Mabelle , Kazzi Jason , Dgheim Ralph , EL Bachawati Makram
Published: November 2024

Waste stemming from various sources and manifested in diverse physical states is growing at a threatening pace globally. Uncontrolled disposals and ineffective waste management practices are escalating issues for societies, ecosystems, and economies. Advances and designs are projected toward transforming waste into a resource. This study treats organic waste by designing and optimizing an aerobic composting system. Effective aerobic composting systems depend on physical, chemical, and biological factors. The feedstock should be carefully selected for efficient composting, and the end-product must be thoroughly tested. Temperature, aeration rate, and moisture levels are the dominating factors regulating the process. We depicted the diverse advantages and drawbacks of the process through the triple-bottom-line assessment to project the current system toward circular economy and sustainability. Using the literature suggestions, we modeled the process using ASPEN HYSYS, but the conversion rate obtained is only 23.04%. After modifying different variables like temperature, pressure, flow rates, and addition of units, the conversion rate reached 100%. We added wind turbines, eco-friendly reactors, recycled streams, and biochar filters to make the process eco-friendly, economically efficient, and socially adaptable. The obtained process is cheap, affordable, and suitable for use in rural areas.
Assessing indoor air quality and sick building syndrome in classrooms and laboratories in Bangladesh Agricultural University
Authors: Ghosh Snigdha , Shahadat Hossen Md. , Tofazzal Hossain Muhammad
Published: November 2024

The indoor air quality (IAQ) of naturally ventilated classrooms and laboratories was assessed to determine the health risks to students. IAQ examination comprised an analysis of indoor air pollutants with microbiological (fungi and bacteria) pollutants. The prevalence of Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms and associated risk factors were studied in classrooms and laboratories. Questionnaires were often used to quantify the opinions of students about environmental issues, and different portable air quality monitors were used to measure indoor air pollution levels. The average CO2 content in classrooms and laboratories under-occupied and unoccupied conditions were 951.48 ppm and 708.87 ppm respectively. TVOC concentration was at an acceptable level under occupied conditions with a mean of 0.33 mg/m3. PM2.5 and PM10 content in classrooms and laboratories was found in the acceptable range. High level of microbial air pollution load was observed in occupied classrooms and laboratories especially Bacterial colonies. The prevalence of general, mucosal, and skin complaints was 39.4%, 42.5%, and 34.4%, respectively where highest reported symptoms was headache (32.5%) while irritated, stuffy, or runny nose (8.8%) was lest. There was significant association of SBS and sex, asthma and allergic histories.
Advanced oxidation process in textile wastewater treatment using microreactor system
Authors: Dajić Ana , Mihajlović Marina
Published: November 2024

The paper analyses the possibility of treating textile wastewater contaminated with the synthetic dye Acid Violet 109 in a microreactor system using advanced oxidation process. Wastewater from textile industry pose a risk to the environment. Effluents this type could be treated on many different ways but many of them have toxic byproducts and have also high operation and maintenance costs. Advanced oxidation processes show success with acceptable operating and maintenance costs. Alternative solution for dealing with wastewater contaminated with dyes is treatment in microreactor systems. Treatment of simulated wastewater with Fenton’s reagent in microreactor system was investigated. Microreactor set consisted of two plunger pump units, mixer and PTFE tube. Efficiency of decolourisation has been determined, with a focus on microreactor parameters, reactants flow and molar ratio of reaction mixture.
The future of international business: Integrating the circular economy for sustainable success
Authors: Bato Vladyslav
Published: November 2024

The integration of the circular economy into international business practices presents a transformative approach towards achieving sustainable success in the global market. This paper explores the pivotal role of the circular economy. By redefining traditional business models and consumption patterns, the circular economy offers a pathway to sustainable growth, operational efficiency, and enhanced market competitiveness. The paper employs a comprehensive review strategic initiatives from leading global enterprises, specifically focusing on Patagonia and Philips. These companies exemplify successful integration of circular economy principles through innovative practices in resource management, waste reduction, and sustainable product design. The findings indicate that adopting circular economy practices not only mitigates environmental impacts but also unlocks new avenues for business growth, job creation, and social equity. However, challenges such as infrastructure deficits, policy misalignment, and significant capital investments pose barriers to widespread adoption. The future of international business lies in embracing the circular economy as a core component of sustainable development, calling for collaborative efforts among businesses, governments, and society to overcome existing challenges and capitalize on the economic, social, and environmental benefits offered by circular economy practices.
Greening the logistics operations in the agri-food sector: What do sustainability reports disclose
Authors: Kontopanou Maria , Mouzakitis Yannis , Tsoulfas Giannis T.
Published: November 2024

The agri-food complex constitutes a critical sector in the discourse of sustainable transitions, with the corresponding stakeholders covering the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors. Similarly, supply chain management is a complex process for any type of organisation or product, with a significant contribution to its environmental footprint. This paper focuses on linking the aforementioned areas, aiming to present a structured and comprehensive mapping of practices (application or use of methods, tools, and procedures) which improve the environmental performance of the corresponding supply chain(s). A number of thirty sustainability reports of companies active in all stages of the agri- food system in the Greek market are analysed, and the conclusions discuss the intensity, the diversity, the outcomes, the popularity and the quality of published information of green logistics, in the light of five specific operations: management of transportation, storage, materials planning, packaging, and management of third-party logistics services providers.
Harmonizing tourism mobility with land resource management: Strategies for developing sustainable destinations
Authors: Ivănescu Maria-Alexandra , Săvan Răzvan
Published: November 2024

This article examines the relationship between tourism mobility and land resource management, aiming to develop strategies for sustainable destination development. By exploring the interconnections between tourist mobility patterns and land usage, the study emphasizes the need for integrated approaches to address sustainability challenges. The research is using a mixed-methods approach by incorporating interdisciplinary perspectives from urban planning, landscape design, mobility, and tourism to analyse the environmental, social, and economic impacts of tourism mobility on land resources. The study includes a comprehensive literature review and case studies, revealing significant impacts such as environmental degradation, social disruption, and economic strain. Through case study analysis and empirical evidence, the article identifies key strategies for harmonizing tourism mobility with land resource management, including promoting sustainable transportation, implementing land use planning measures, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. Ultimately, it advocates for proactive measures to address tourism mobility challenges while leveraging its potential to promote sustainable development, providing valuable guidance for achieving the harmonious coexistence of tourism mobility and land resource management.
The green circular economy: A comprehensive review and future perspectives
Authors: Plachkov Delyan
Published: November 2024

The concept of a circular economy has gained significant attention in recent years as a sustainable alternative to traditional linear economic models. In this paper, we delve into the integration of environmental sustainability principles into the framework of the circular economy, thus proposing the concept of the Green Circular Economy (GCE). We provide a comprehensive review of the current state of research and practices in the field of the GCE, covering its theoretical foundations, key principles, implementation strategies, and potential benefits. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and barriers hindering the widespread adoption of the GCE and propose innovative solutions to address these issues. Finally, we outline future research directions and offer recommendations for policymakers, businesses, and stakeholders to accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable and resilient economic system.
Circular Economy: A Modern Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Abuselidze George , Zoidze Gia
Published: November 2024

The research covers the emergence and formation of the circular economy as an independent concept and its relationship with the phenomenon of new industrialization. The paper analyses the variety of interpretations of the “circular economy” concept; The main approaches to its formation are defined. The evolutionary development of the main principles of concept formation is studied; Characteristics, current situation, and general perspectives of development are described. In addition, the article reveals the mechanisms by which a circular economy can be successfully introduced in the modern world. The difference between a linear economy and a circular economy is presented, as well as the benefits of moving to a circular economy. The conclusion provides an updated concept of circular economy and it is justified that the concept of circular economy is a universal way to form green economic growth in developing countries, which allows to overcome global economic challenges. Also, by moving from a linear economy to a circular economy, social enterprises will be able to create social good, stimulate the local economy, and create jobs by creating innovative, circular products, and maximizing the use of renewable resources and energy sources.
Modal Shift to Rail Transport as a Mitigation Measure to Decarbonize the Transport Sector: Review of Barriers and Opportunities
Authors: Anagnostopoulos Apostolos
Published: November 2024

Rail transport is recognized as one of the most environmentally friendly modes of transport. The latest EU statistics estimate that the railway contributes 0.4% to the greenhouse emissions of all modes of transport. The decarbonisation of transport systems stands as one of the European Union’s key environmental objectives. Promoting a shift of passengers to rail is crucial for achieving climate targets, as rail travel generates substantially lower carbon dioxide emissions compared to road and air travel. This study investigates the potential of transitioning from road and air transport to rail transport as a strategy for mitigating climate change within the transport sector. To achieve this goal, an analysis and comparison of existing strategies are presented. A specific methodological framework was employed to retrieve and review scientific publications from the Scopus database as well as gray literature. The selection process was guided by rigorous screening and validation criteria to ensure the relevance and quality of the included studies. This study encompasses both freight and passenger transport, considering short- to long-distance trips. The opportunities of such mobility strategies to attract railway transport and reduce GHG emissions are identified, and their impacts are further analysed. Finally, the main opportunities and barriers are addressed. Rail transport can play a crucial role in achieving global sustainability goals by reducing energy use and emissions within the transport sector.
How ready are Greek drivers to make the right consumer decisions regarding electric vehicles?
Authors: Nalmpantis Dimitrios , Vatavali Fereniki , Kehagia Fotini
Published: November 2024

This paper investigates the readiness of Greek drivers to adopt electric vehicles by analyzing the results of a survey conducted among postgraduate students of the Hellenic Open University (HOU) in Greece. The paper examines consumer decisions regarding electric vehicles, focusing on factors such as cost, charging infrastructure, environmental impact, and technological concerns. Notably, 21% of the participants do not consider recharging requirements, and 83% would not buy an electric car. The study’s qualitative results reveal that high initial costs, limited charging infrastructure, and range anxiety are significant barriers to electric vehicle adoption in Greece. Despite these challenges, the potential for long-term savings and environmental benefits from electric vehicles is significant. The findings underscore the need for enhanced public awareness, improved infrastructure, and more substantial financial incentives to facilitate the transition to electric mobility in Greece. This paper contributes to understanding the specific challenges faced by Greek consumers and offers insights for policymakers to support the adoption of electric vehicles more efficiently.
Building Integrated Greenery systems from the New European Bauhaus perspective
Authors: Mazzucco Giulia , Magliocco Adriano , Rosasco Paolo , Perini Katia
Published: November 2024

Building Integrated Greenery systems (BIGs), such as green roofs and walls, present valuable solutions to the environmental challenges that we are facing today. These systems provide numerous environmental benefits enhancing biodiversity, controlling the Urban Heat Island phenomenon, improving air quality and water management, decreasing energy consumption by improving roof insulation. Recently, academic researchers have predominantly centred on the environmental sustainability and economic issues, often neglecting other socio-cultural aspects. However, since the definition of the Triple Bottom Line in the late 1990s, the complexity of sustainability and its various facets, including the social dimension, have been recognized. Nevertheless, the social dimension has frequently been overlooked due to its complexity and perceived lack of immediate relevance. The needed green transition has yielded significant economic growth, but it has also diverted attention from social indicators such as shared governance, community involvement, and affordability. Initiatives like the New European Bauhaus (NEB), promoted by the European Commission, illustrate a comprehensive approach to sustainability including good design practices and strategies aimed at fostering a sustainable, inclusive, and aesthetically pleasing future. The paper aims at identifying aspects for BIGs design and evaluation considering the NEB approach, emphasizing not only environmental dynamics but also other issues related to socio-economic and cultural consequences.
Empowering energy security through it: The path of export-oriented economies
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Bauetdinov Majit , Sabirova Lola , Shoislamova Nargiza
Published: November 2024

The article explores the critical role of information technology (IT) in enhancing energy security for export-oriented economies. It addresses the growing demand for energy resources and the need for these economies to leverage technology to improve efficiency, sustainability, and competitiveness in the global market. Export-oriented economies often face vulnerabilities due to fluctuating energy prices, geopolitical tensions, and dependency on fossil fuels. The article emphasizes the importance of diversifying energy sources and implementing robust energy management systems.
Synthesis and investigation of surface activity of amino acid surfactants
Authors: Kalbaev Alisher , Boltaeva Gulsanam , Seitnazarova Oksana , Abdikamalova Aziza , Salikhanov Alisher
Published: November 2024

The objective of this research is to systematically examine the influence of structural modifications of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMAB) and dihexadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DHDAB) through the introduction of 4-aminobenzoic acid, resulting in the formation of new compounds—HDTMAK and DHDAK, respectively. The study evaluates how the incorporation of polar functional groups affects the physicochemical properties of surfactants, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension, foam-forming ability, foam stability, as well as emulsifying properties. The findings indicate that the modified surfactants HDTMAK and DHDAK exhibit lower CMC and surface tension compared to the original HDTMAB and DHDAB, suggesting higher surface activity and micelle-forming capability. Additionally, it is revealed that HDTMAK and DHDAK demonstrate enhanced foam-forming ability and foam stability, rendering them more suitable for applications requiring prolonged and resilient foams. Modification of molecules leads not only to enhanced emulsifying capability but also to changes in the stabilization mechanism: the introduction of amino acid increases hydrophilicity, enhances adsorption saturation at the water/oil interface, and forms a dense interfacial film with high strength, which promotes better droplet entrapment and ensures prolonged phase separation time of the emulsion. It has been established that DHDAK, exhibiting the lowest rate of emulsion stability disruption and the highest foam stability, is the optimal candidate for use in conditions requiring prolonged stability and slow demulsification.
Adsorption isotherm, differential heat, and sorption mechanism of ammonia on CaA zeolite
Authors: Kokhkharov Mirzokhid , Rakhmatkarieva Firuza , Bakhronov Khayot , Akhmedova Nodira , Rakhmatullaeva Makhirakhon , Karimov Yusuf
Published: November 2024

The article presents the experimentally obtained values of the adsorption isotherm and differential heat of ammonia in CaA zeolite at a temperature of 303 K. The regularity of differential heat with the amount of adsorption, the mechanism of adsorption and the regularity of gradual filling of the zeolite volume of ammonia molecules were determined. Due to the regular change of the differential heat values according to the amount of Na+ and Ca2+ cations in the zeolite, the tetramer 4NH3:Na+ ion-molecular complex is sequentially formed in the first coordination sphere with the sodium cations in the zeolite, then the dimer 2NH3:Сa2+ ion-molecular complex with calcium cations, it was proved that in the second coordination sphere, 2 more ammonia molecules interact with ammonia molecules adsorbed on calcium cations to form a general complex Сa2+:2NH3:2NH3. The differential values of the free energy were calculated from the equilibrium values of the pressure. The adsorption isotherm was recharacterized by the three-state equation of the volumetric micropore filling theory of (VMOT) and it was shown that the theoretically calculated values agree with the experimentally obtained values, and it was also theoretically proved that ammonia forms 4NH3:Na+ and 2NH3:Сa2+ complexes with sodium and calcium cations.
Entrepreneurship as a catalyst for energy security: Strategies for sustainable development
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Ortikov Shavkat , Shakarova Dilfuza , Sobitova Rano
Published: November 2024

This article explores the pivotal role of entrepreneurship in promoting energy security and driving sustainable development. In a world facing increasing energy demands and environmental concerns, entrepreneurial ventures are becoming critical to the development of innovative, energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy solutions. The paper discusses how entrepreneurship fosters economic growth while addressing energy challenges, highlighting the importance of public-private partnerships, investment in clean energy, and the integration of sustainable practices into business models. It also examines the potential of startups and small businesses to revolutionize the energy sector by enhancing efficiency, reducing reliance on fossil fuels, and promoting energy diversification. Ultimately, this article emphasizes that entrepreneurial activity is not only essential for economic progress but also crucial in ensuring long-term energy security and environmental sustainability.
Ensuring environmental and energy security of enterprises
Authors: Uktamov Khusniddin , Abdullayeva Shakhnoza , Kalandarov Ravshan , Imomov Jamshidxon , Tairova Zarnigor
Published: November 2024

This article explores strategies for achieving environmental and energy security within enterprises, focusing on the integration of sustainable practices and energy-efficient technologies. Environmental security refers to safeguarding the ecosystem from industrial hazards, while energy security ensures the reliable and sustainable supply of energy. Both are critical for long-term business resilience and compliance with global environmental standards. It emphasizes the necessity of integrating eco-friendly practices and energy-efficient technologies as fundamental components of modern business operations.
On geometry on a two-dimensional plane in a five-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space of index two
Authors: Mamadaliev Botirjon , Sultanov Bekzod , Ismoilov Sherzodbek
Published: November 2024

The study of the geometry of surfaces having a codimension greater than one in multidimensional spaces is one of the most difficult problems in geometry. When the multidimensional geometry under consideration has a pseudo-Euclidean metric, its complexity increases. Two-dimensional surfaces in a five-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space of index two are considered in the article. Geometry on two-dimensional planes of this space can be of three types, Euclidean, Minkowski, and Galilean. Therefore, two-dimensional surfaces are also divided into three types according to the geometry on the tangent plane. A special class of two-dimensional surfaces given by a vector equation is considered. Using the dual space, the geometry of a two-dimensional surface is studied, reduced to a Euclidean or pseudo-Euclidean surface of a three-dimensional space. Conditions are revealed and theorems are proved on the existence of a surface that does not lie in a four-dimensional hyperplane and has tangent planes with one internal geometry.
The necessity of Pareto principle in environmental studies
Authors: Mengliyev Bakhtiyor , Toirova Guli , Ibragimov Javlon , Mengliyeva Munira
Published: November 2024

The article emphasizes the significance of applying the Pareto principle in education, particularly in distributing knowledge based on its importance. Education fundamentally involves teaching, encompassing the instructor’s activities, influencing students’ learning and studying processes, and the students’ active participation in the learning process. Efficient organization of the educational process facilitates achieving the desired objectives. Consequently, resource allocation in education is of utmost importance. This article demonstrates how Pareto’s law can enhance the quality of language education, specifically mother tongue education. It highlights the Pareto principle as a tool for achieving efficiency in education management, similar to its applications in economics, science, business, time management, and other fields. Additionally, in lexicography, Pareto’s law is employed to categorize language units intended for inclusion in a dictionary based on their relative importance in speech composition.
Statistical analysis of thrift and ecological education concepts in elementary school students
Authors: Azimov Yunus , To’xsanov Qahramon , Adizov Baxtiyor , Sharipova Maxbuba , Hojiyeva Nigina , Rajabova Go’zal
Published: November 2024

The primary educational process is the main foundation of education. Especially, from the point of view of cooperation with the family in the formation of the concepts of entrepreneurship, economy and economic education, it is directly connected to the relations of natural science and environmental protection in labor lessons conducted with III-IV graders. In the formation of concepts of entrepreneurship, thrift and economic education in elementary school students, in improving family cooperation, if students deeply master the necessary economic knowledge, have knowledge, skills, and competence, they are guaranteed to study well in higher grades. We managed to solve this problem during the research. The most important stage of the research work is to test all the information on the subject in practice, in the real situation in experimental work. We have carried out a trial and test work.From the obtained results, it can be seen that the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of teaching is greater than one, and the criterion for evaluating the level of knowledge is greater than zero. It is known that the mastery in the experimental class is higher than the mastery in the control class.
Faddeev equation and its symmetric version for a three-particle lattice hamiltonian
Authors: Umirkulova Gulhayo H. , Bahronov Bekzod I. , Tosheva Nargiza A. , Begmurodov Otabek A. , Akboeva Nilufar U.
Published: November 2024

In the present paper we consider the three-particle lattice Hamiltonian associated to a system of three particles on the d-dimensional lattice, where the role of two-particle discrete Schroedinger operators is played by a family of Friedrichs models. We define two bounded and self-adjoint so-called channel operators and prove that the essential spectrum of considered Hamiltonian is the union of spectra of the channel operators. Since the channel operators have a more simple structure than considered Hamiltonian, this fact plays an important role in the subsequent investigations of the essential spectrum. The spectrum of the constructed channel operators are described by the spectrum of the corresponding Friedrichs model. The Faddeev equation and its symmetric version for the eigenfunctions of the considered Hamiltonian are constructed.
Technology for obtaining dry construction mixtures based on local raw materials
Authors: Mirzajanov Mamurjon , Mamatov Khamidulla , Ergashev Makhmudjon , Mirzaev Bakhodir , Otakulov Bakhromjon , Solijonov Hojiakbar , Raximjonov Umarbek
Published: November 2024

In this article, the physicochemical basis of domestic asbestos slate production waste is studied, and the simple method of producing dry building mixtures from them and the study of the physicochemical compositions and properties of asbestos slate industry waste and their use as binders for dry building mixtures is scientifically based.
Mathematical modeling of the transport of hydraulic mixtures in turbulent flow in pipes
Authors: Ibrokhimov Abdulfatto , Ismail Nasirov , Sharipova Shokhista , Misirov Shirazi , Makhmudov Nematilla
Published: November 2024

A numerical investigation has been carried out for incompressible turbulent flow in pipes. The model is based on the numerical solution of conservation equations of mass and momentum. The numerical results are validated against existing experimental results. Many turbulent models were analyzed. Numerical results were obtained at different Reynolds numbers. In this article, the movement of multiphase fluids in pipes is modeled on the basis of modern turbulent models. A new method has been proposed to avoid jams.
Development of corrosion-resistant material for asphalt concrete cutting part
Authors: Rabat O. , Pirnaev Sh. , Rustamov K. , Usmanov I. , Shermatov Sh. , Magdiyev K.
Published: November 2024

The world pays great attention to the sustainable development of the economy and the stable improvement and growth of road networks, the efficient use of energy sources in the field of technological engineering, the introduction of resource-saving technologies and increasing their efficiency. At the same time, the leading place is occupied by the issues of new design solutions when creating and improving intended for road surfaces, namely milling cutters, currently produced in developed countries of the world. These machines allow the use of resource-saving technologies and materials, and also help to intensify the process of construction and repair of highways. In this regard, special attention is paid to increasing the service life and efficiency of this equipment, including through various technological solutions, including the application of nanostructured coatings using the ionplasma method on the surfaces of the working equipment of road milling machines. The paper examines the issues of destruction of working parts of road construction equipment operating under conditions of abrasive wearout with a fixed abrasive. Analytical studies of the influence of tribomaterial parameters of cutters on the intensity of their wearout have been carried out. Based on solving the equations of the dynamics of the cutter’s motion in a viscoelastic medium, its geometric shape is optimized. Mathematical dependences of the influence of the geometric dimensions of the cutter on the pressure value and the intensity of tool wearout are obtained.
The model of evaluation of efficiency of leasing services
Authors: Latipova Shakhnoza , Lörinczová Enikö , Sarancha Iryna , Kravchenko Olena , Levchenko Lesia , Yukhymenko Nataliia
Published: November 2024

At present, in the financial market, it is important to study the specifics of assessing the effectiveness of leasing services, in contrast to other alternative methods of financing investment projects. Increasing the volume of investment for the modernization of fixed assets through the leasing mechanism, further expanding its capabilities will be ensured by assessing the effectiveness of this activity. Thus, the purpose of the article is to develop methods for applying the methods of determining the effectiveness of this type of service for the lessee of the leasing operation, as well as a model of the classification of factors affecting it. To achieve this goal, the cash flows observed in the use of credit and leasing as methods of financing fixed assets for the lessee of the leasing operation were analyzed, and the impact of some of the indicators of financial stability of the lessee was assessed. Also, a comprehensive system for evaluating the methodological aspects of attracting financial resources for the modernization of enterprises through leasing was proposed.
Improving quality and efficiency in the design of environmental education content
Authors: Hamroyev Alijon , Qo’ldoshev Rustambek , Farmonova Shabon , Qayimov Laziz , Kasimov Asror , Jo’rayeva Zarina , Jumayev Umedjon
Published: November 2024

In this article, the topic of pedagogical experience to justify the unique characteristics of students' creative activity in environmental education is considered, the goals, tasks and analysis of pedagogical experience are described, and its results are analyzed. The main goal of designing the creative activities of students in environmental education is to improve the quality of education. When and how to form the creativity of students in ecological education gives the desired pedagogical effect? Answering this question requires interpreting a combination of learning styles, including descriptive-visual learning and creative learning.
Regime of salt in alluvial soils irrigated in Bukhara region, Uzbekistan
Authors: Ortikov T. , Umarov Otabek , Bafayeva Zahro , Jumayev Javohir
Published: November 2024

This article provides information on the regime of salts in alluvial soils irrigated in the Bukhara region, including the quantity of salts easily dissolved in water, their distribution types and levels, total exchangeable bases (NSO3), as well as the amounts of Cl and SO4 in soil composition and the quantities of major cations such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. As a result of the increase in the quantity of these salts in the soil, significant information is presented on the weak, moderate, and strong leaching processes.
Climate change and coastal erosion: Examining natural processes and human influences
Authors: Rahimova Gulnoza
Published: November 2024

Coastal erosion is a significant environmental issue influenced by both natural processes and human activities. Understanding the interaction between climate change and coastal erosion is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies.This study aims to explore how climate change impacts coastal erosion, examining the role of natural processes and human influences. We conducted a comprehensive review of existing literature on coastal erosion and climate change. The analysis included weather patterns, extreme events, and their effects on coastal environments. Case studies from various global regions were also reviewed to highlight different impacts and responses. The findings reveal that climate change accelerates coastal erosion through increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and altered weather patterns. Human activities, such as coastal development and land use changes, exacerbate these natural processes. The study identifies key factors contributing to accelerated erosion and provides insights into varying regional impacts. The study underscores the urgent need for integrated coastal management strategies that address both natural and anthropogenic factors contributing to erosion. Effective solutions include improved landuse planning, enhanced coastal defenses, and policies aimed at reducing climate change impacts.
The role of the Zarafshan river in the formation of the Bukhara oasis
Authors: Ochilov Alisher , Fattullayev Farrux
Published: November 2024

As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the geographical features and natural conditions of the irrigation networks of the Bukhara oasis influenced the lifestyle, labor activity, material and spiritual culture of the primitive communities. It is in this area that the role of the Zarafshan River is incomparable to the development of the lifestyle and economy of the ancient ancestors. Analyzing the materials related to the topic, we can see that the settlement of humanity in the oasis of Bukhara is subject to certain laws of nature, and the interaction between man and nature. Therefore, this article analyzed the importance of the Zarafshan River and the historical geography of the oasis in the creation of the anthropogenic landscape in the Bukhara oasis. These scientific evidences have been proven by the results of scientific research conducted at archaeological sites in the country. The topographical location of primitive community spaces found in the basin of the ancient valleys of the Lower Zarafshan oasis shows that the role of water bodies in the lifestyle of communities is incomparable. Based on this, we can say that the importance of 35 canals starting from the Zarafshan River in the settlement of mankind in the Bukhara oasis and the formation of the region has been proven. Therefore, in this article, the role and importance of irrigation networks in the formation of Bukhara oasis was studied.
Microorganisms of the taxonomic group of irrigated meadow-alluvial soils of the Bukhara region
Authors: Ortikov T. , Umarov Otabek , Sayidov Mahmud , Artikova Manzura , Bafayeva Zahro
Published: November 2024

This article presents data on the effect of salinity types and levels on the total amount of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in alluvial soils of irrigated meadows of Bukhara region. Non-saline soils were taken as controls in this study, and analysis of activity and numbers in weakly, moderately and strongly saline soils is presented.
Taxonomic analysis of the fauna of coleoptera (beetles) in Bukhara region
Authors: Rayimov Avaz , Rustamova M.A. , Ashurova Marhabo , Yuldasheva Mashhura , Abulova Zilola , Saidova M.
Published: November 2024

This article presents the diversity, seasonal changes in species composition, ecological features, forage specialization, and systematic analysis of beetles found in Bukhara region. The assessment of the negative impact of beetles on cultivated plants, the determination of population density, as well as the development of certain steps to protect rare species of aesthetic importance in the conditions of Bukhara were studied.