bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La política mediterránea de Gran Bretaña durante la Guerra Peninsular
Authors: Ramisa Maties
Published: June 2020

El artículo expone cuál fue la política mediterránea de Gran Bretaña durante la Guerra de la Independencia y el lugar secundario, pero muy relevante, que tenía en la estrategia general de las guerras napoleónicas. También explica cuál fue el papel que desarrolló la isla de Sicilia como base británica desde 1806, así como el de la isla de Menorca y especialmente del puerto de Mahón desde el inicio de la contienda en España en 1808. Convertida también en base inglesa, Menorca atendía al abastecimiento y reparación de la Royal Navy y era el punto de partida de la vigilancia de la flota francesa de Tolón, así como un lugar de recreo de oficiales y marinería. Por último, la comunicación se extiende sobre las características de la intervención británica en Cataluña, tanto en el aspecto logístico como en el militar, así como sobre la personalidad y actuación del comodoro Codrington -que mandaba el escuadrón naval que operaba en las costas del Principado- y en la visión de los españoles y catalanes que tenían los políticos y militares ingleses.
"En euskera y en cristiano". Género, religión y nación en el País Vasco durante el franquismo
Authors: De Dios Fernández Eider , Mínguez Blasco Raúl
Published: June 2020

Desde sus orígenes, el vínculo entre nacionalismo vasco y religión católica ha sido bastante estrecho. Este artículo pretende estudiar dicha relación desde una perspectiva de género durante la dictadura de Franco. Mediante la metodología de la historia oral, se analizarán los testimonios de cuatro mujeres nacidas y/o residentes en el País Vasco en las décadas centrales del siglo y que militaron en distintos grupos católicos. Con el apoyo de fuentes hemerográficas publicadas por algunos de estos movimientos, se tratarán también las diferencias de discurso en el ámbito urbano y rural. Así, se defenderá que los cambios experimentados por el catolicismo desde mediados de los años cincuenta fueron decisivos en la transformación de la identidad religiosa y de género de estas mujeres y que, a su vez, los cambios en el modelo de feminidad hegemónico provocaron algunas tensiones en el discurso nacionalista.
Satellite Based Interpretation of Stability Parameters on Convective Systems over India and Srilanka
Authors: Umakanth Nandivada , Satyanarayana Gubbala China , Simon Baby , Rao Myla Chimpiri
Published: June 2020

India is frequently exposed to convective systems (CS) during the hot period of pre-monsoon season. Huge thunderstorms are more often over India in the recent years. To analyze these systems, the stability parameters considered as good precursors for understanding the physics of the convective systems in prior to their occurrence. The present study is concerned about the analysis of stability parameters such as K Index (KI), Lifted Index (LI), Total Totals Index (TTI), Humidity Index (HI), Convective available potential energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CIN), Lifting Condensation Level (LCL) and Level of free Convection (LFC) associated with severe convective systems over India and Srilanka during April, 2015. First, INSAT-3D satellite based brightness temperature (BT) product was used for analyzing the initial, mature and dissipation stages of the convective system at every 30 min interval. The data products from MODIS Terra satellite, MODIS Aqua satellite, Era-Interim ECMWF reanalysis satellite data and IASI satellite were used for understanding the thermodynamics related to the occurrence of these convective systems. The results of stability parameters that were derived from MODIS Terra and Aqua satellite’s data products indicated the favorable threshold values for the occurrence of convective systems. Results from Era-Interim ECMWF reanalysis satellite data also helps us to understand the dynamics involved behind the convective system. The results from IASI satellite also helped us to understand the severity of convective systems during cloudy situations. The results of this study impulse the need of satellites for analyzing the convective systems prior to their occurrence.
Changes in the Concept of Use of Vehicles under the Influence of the CJEU C-514/16 Rodrigues de Andrade Judgment
Authors: Oleszczak Jakub
Published: June 2020

The article presents a change in the understanding of the concept of use of vehicles which occurred in Polish case-law following the CJEU’s judgment in Case C-514/16 Rodrigues de Andrade. In its decision, the Court holds that a vehicle is in motion only if it is used as a means of transport and not as a production tool. This view is contrary to the previous line of Polish judicature, according to which the vehicle may be in use regardless of the function it performs at the time of the incident. According to the author, it is not necessary to modify the existing case-law in this respect. The judgment of the CJEU does not impose the necessity to narrow down the concept of use of vehicles, as it merely sets a minimum standard of insurance cover. There are therefore no obstacles to a broader interpretation of this notion under Polish law in comparison to the CJEU’s decision.
History and contemporaneity of Polish emigration to Chile
Authors: Bodziany Marek , Smolarz Karolina
Published: June 2020

The emigration of the Poles to Chile is a subject of research which, despite the passage of more than two centuries since the first Poles appeared in this part of the world, still raises many questions and is a source of myths. Both the scale of emigration – as it turns out – and the fate of the Poles in Chile are still a fascinating subject for sociologists, ethnographers, and cultural anthropologists. The historical context of research on Polish emigrants in this country also inclines to look at emigration from an economic perspective. That is justified by the activity of the most famous figure – Ignacy Domeyko, who has become a national hero and a symbol of Chile’s economic development. The article aims to present the genesis and scale of Polish emigration to Chile in a retrospective and contemporary perspective and a description of Ignacy Domeyko’s contribution to this country. The article attempts to answer the question about the reasons for the Poles’ emigration to Chile, its scale over the years, and the Poles’ fate in exile.
Social-Emotional and Ethical Learning of Younger Schoolchildren in the Formation of Civil and Historical Competence
Authors: Ivanchuk Mariia , Tsurkan Taisiia
Published: June 2020

The essence of the concepts “historical competence”, “civic competence”, “emotional literacy” is highlighted. It is substantiated that socio-emotional and ethical learning (SEE Learning) is based on three dimensions that correspond to the types of knowledge and competencies that SEE Learning seeks to transfer to students: awareness, empathy, involvement. Three levels of SEE Learning are characterized: personal, social, systemic.
Four key learning trajectories have been identified and analyzed to facilitate the acquisition and internalization of knowledge and skills at each of the three levels of understanding at SEE Learning. It is established that educational trajectories are pedagogical components that broadly outline the ways of studying, critically evaluating and interna-lizing various topics and skills of socio-emotional and ethical learning.
Maritime Left-Wing Magazines in Poland Between the Wars
Authors: Machaliński Zbigniew
Published: June 2020

Maritime left-wing magazines in comparison with the volume of Pol-ish maritime press in Poland between the Wars were in minority in terms of titles, circulation and lifetime. They were published in Gdynia between years 1928–1934 and mostly were illegal. The magazines specifi-cally addressed the issues of Gdynia’s seaport workers and seafarers of Polish Merchant Navy in the context of their combat for social welfare.
Types of Excersises for Developing Spelling Literacy of Students in the Ukrainian Language in Institutions of General Secondary Education of Ukraine
Authors: Yavorska Stefaniia
Published: June 2020

The article analyzes the scientific sources on the research problem, clarifies the leading trends and shortcomings in the methodology of teaching spelling. It is recognized that the education of a literate person with a high language and speech culture – a multi-level problem and not so much school but also national.
The scientifically substantiated and experimentally tested method of teaching Ukrainian spelling in Ukrainian language classes is represented, exercises and tasks for them are developed, which promote the formation of spelling skills and abilities of students. Based on the analysis of scientific achievements of researchers, the author proposes her own approach to solving the problem of forming students' spelling skills. The concept of "spelling" has been clarified, the understanding of which as a result of step-by-step mental actions contributes to the development of students' logical thinking and raising the level of their spelling literacy. Exercises of different nature are presented, their implementation will provide strong knowledge, develop practical skills. The ways of formation of spelling skills are determined.
On the basis of theoretical and empirical research it is proved that work on spellings creates a basis of strong and deep knowledge if it is logically constructed and conducted systematically. Based on pedago-gical observations, it was found that the teaching method, based on the close relationship of spelling analysis with the ability to perform word analysis by structure, as well as word-formation analysis, is effective. It is argued that the formation of spelling competence of students is impossible without the appropriate level of speech culture, spelling literacy, thorough knowledge of language theory. The expediency of introduction of the system of exercises and tasks developed taking into account interlevel communications and intensive spelling workshop is substantiated. Methodical advice, selected exercises, covered in the study, can be useful for teachers of philology, students-interns of philological profile in preparation for Ukrainian language classes.
Two models of journalism – in conditions of military operations and police activities
Authors: Konieczny Marcin Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

The article presents two models of journalism, i.e. concerning the presentation of operations carried out by the Armed Forces and the activities carried out by the Police. The author presents a way of re-porting information by the media representatives from the so called “horse’s mouth” and the conditions of functioning of journalists, informing about military operations, as well as media representatives publishing information about police activities. He also notes how journalists should behave so as not to lose their integrity and credibility in the conditions under which they are required to comply with the rules governing military operations and investigations and, in particular, the information policy related to these areas of activity.
Legal basis for the functioning of special services in Poland
Authors: Kopczewski Marian , Ciekanowski Zbigniew , Piotrowska Anna
Published: June 2020

The article presents the most important legal acts regulating the activities of special services in Poland in the years 1990-2018.
As part of the political transformation, the Office of State Protection (Polish abbrev. UOP) was set up according to the Act of April 6, 1990. It replaced the previous civil intelligence and counterintelligence. In 2002, the Office was liquidated and replaced the Intelligence Agency (Polish abbrev. AW), and the Internal Security Agency (Polish abbrev. ABW) were established under the Act of May 24, 2002. The AW was created to protect the external security of the state, while the ABW was intended to protect the internal security of the state and its constitutional order. The mentioned Act divided the tasks between those services. Even though preventing and detecting crimes of corruption of public officers was one of the ABW’s tasks, the Act of June 9, 2006, established the Central Anti-Corruption Bureau (Polish abbrev. CBA), giving it the status of a special service, although the CBA performs typical police tasks. On the other hand, the Act of June 9, 2006, on the Military Counterintelligence Service (Polish abbrev. SKW) and the Military Intelligence Service (Polish abbrev. SWW) constituted a legal basis for the operation of both services in place of the liquidated Military Information Services (Polish abbrev. WSI).
The article focuses on the services currently operating. The legal regulations constituting the basis for their functioning were analyzed. These are mainly competence acts, to which many amendments were introduced. They resulted, among others, from the implementation of directives and regulations of European institutions, decisions of the Constitutional Tribunal, the introduction of new laws, concerning, e.g., the establishment of the State Protection Service (Polish abbrev. SOP) or changes in the Marshal’s Guard’s powers. Attention was drawn to numerous ordinances amending the statutes, particularly as regards the ABW, and thus reorganizing the structures of offices.
Evaluation of the correctness of the German military intelligence’s findings concerning armament and equipment of the Polish Army in 1939. Part I. Land forces
Authors: Nogaj Adam
Published: June 2020

The presented publication is one of several that the author wrote on to the presentation of the knowledge of German military intelligence about the Polish Army in 1939. These publications also attempted to assess the correctness of the findings of the afore-mentioned intelligence. The article is based on archival materials of the 12th Foreign Armies East Intelligence Section of the General Staff of the High Command of the Land Forces of 1939, which developed synthetic elaborations for the top military commanders of the German army, based on the analysis and collective materials from the individual Abwehstelle. For years, the documents analysed were secret and delivered exclusively to the top commanders of the German army and Hitler’s Chancellery. At present, they are entirely non-confidential and available to researchers at the Bundesarchiv-Militaerarchiv in Freiburg. Copies of parts of these documents, in the form of microfilms, can be found, among others, in the Archive of New Files in Warsaw. Due to the considerable volume of the publication, it has been divided into two parts. The presented article constitutes the first part and is devoted to the knowledge of the German military intelligence on the armament and equipment of land forces. The article presents not only the knowledge of the German military intelligence, but also basic analyses concerning the evaluation of the correctness of its findings. The analyses carried out and the generalised records presented in the article show that the German military intelligence did not make gross errors in the presented assessments concerning the armament and equipment of infantry and cavalry. That is, the most important and numerous components of the Polish Army (WP). However, many mistakes were made in the presentation of the armament of the artillery, assuming, among other things, the presence of cannons from the Polish-Soviet war of 1920 in the equipment, which the WP did no longer have in 1939. Perhaps in 1939 the Abwehr, having no current data, used data from earlier years, from the first half of the 1930s, when the WP still had cannons in its equipment. Models of the heaviest artillery weapons were also unknown. On the other hand, the Polish armoured weapons were worked out very well. The article constitutes yet another contribution to the work of learning about the so-far unexplored recesses of our recent history.
Technical aspects of decision-making in communication engineering
Authors: Ryczyński Jacek , Saska Piotr , Surowiecki Andrzej , Ksiądzyna Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

The subject of the article are problems of safety in the operation of earth structures designed for vehicle traffic in the conditions of threats of loss of stability. In particular, the following issues were discussed: design and construction of embankments on weak, marshy soil, safety of earth structures in floodplains, safety of earth structures in landslide areas, earth structures located in areas of mining damage.
Examples of solutions to particular problems are given. The summary contains statements of utilitarian and cognitive significance.
Integrated Assessment of Farming System Outputs: Lithuanian Case Study
Authors: Novikova Anastasija , Rocchi Lucia , Startiene Grazina
Published: June 2020

Agriculture provides people with different market outputs. However, market outputs are not the only kind of output provided by agriculture: non-market outputs are produced jointly with the market ones in an agroecosystem. All the outputs produced by agriculture can be classified as the ecosystem services. The magnitude and levels of farming outputs depend on different technologies of production; i.e. different farming systems generate different outputs. Assessing the output of agriculture is quite simple in terms of the market value, but not so easy for non-market outputs. Moreover, evaluation of market and non-market outputs is usually performed separately. The objectives of this paper are to present an integrated evaluation framework for the outputs, marketable and non-marketable, associated with different farming systems. For the case study, we proposed the evaluation of the market and non-market output, associated with milk production in Lithuania, considering both organic and conventional production. In terms of the market evaluation, the results have shown that organic farming produced a value 1.24 times higher than conventional, while the valuation result associated with the non-market output is 83 time higher in organic than in conventional one. The study is the first attempt to develop a framework for integrated evaluation of farming outputs, taking into account market and non-market outputs and considering different types of farming systems.
The Impact of Public Health Expenditure on Health Component of Human Capital
Authors: Railaite Rasa , Čiutienė Rūta
Published: June 2020

The analysis of the concept of human capital shows that this form of capital includes a set of different components that are used in economic activities and generates different kind of benefits. Health is one of the main components of human capital. Hence, considering its importance authors of this article tried to investigate the impact of public health expenditure on the health component of human capital. Ordinary least square, fixed and random effects panel data models for 28 European Union countries were used to reach this purpose. The main variables used in this study is life expectancy at birth (related to the health component of human capital) and general government health expenditure. It is known that there are other factors affecting health and human capital in general. Hence variables such as GDP grow, GINI coefficient, education level, alcohol consumption, old age dependency and urbanization rate were added in the models as explanatory variables. The results of the performed study show that public health expenditure has a positive and significant impact on the improvements of life expectancy. Selected fixed-effects panel data models also show significant and positive effects of the GDP growth, old age dependency while a negative effect is identified by alcohol consumption. The existing close relationship between health and education also is confirmed by this study. Results suggest that higher education level is positively and significantly related to life expectancy while a lower education has a negative impact on life expectancy.
Swarm Decomposition Technique Based Hybrid Model for Very Short-Term Solar PV Power Generation Forecast
Authors: Dokur Emrah
Published: June 2020

Accurate predictions of solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation at different time horizons are essential for reliable operation of energy management systems. The output power of a PV power plant is dependent on non-linear and intermittent environmental factors, such as solar irradiance, wind speed, relative humidity, etc. Intermittency and randomness of solar PV power effect precision of estimation. To address the challenge, this paper presents a Swarm Decomposition Technique (SWD) based hybrid model as a novel approach for very short-term (15 min) solar PV power generation forecast. The original contribution of the study is to investigate use of SWD for solar data forecast. The solar PV power generation data with hourly resolution obtained from the field (grid connected, 857.08 kWp Akgul Solar PV Power Plant in Turkey) are used to develop and validate the forecast model. Specifically, the analysis showed that the hybrid model with SWD technique provides highly accurate predictions in cloudy periods.
Der Anfang des Ganzen
Authors: Polaschegg Andrea
Published: June 2020

Aus einer materialgesättigten Medienpoetik des Textanfangs wird hier eine völlig neue Ästhetik der Literatur entwickelt.

Texte haben Anfänge. Sie beginnen mit einem ersten Satz, einem ersten Vers oder einem ersten Akt, auf den alles Weitere folgt - unabhängig davon, wo ihre Lektüre einsetzt. Dinge dagegen besitzen solche Anfänge nicht. An ihnen lassen sich Grenzen, Ränder oder Kanten ausmachen, bestenfalls zwei Enden, aber kein Anfang.
Diese scheinbar simple Einsicht birgt einen medien- und literaturtheoretischen Sprengstoff, den Andrea Polaschegg zündet: Obwohl Texte durch ihre Anfänge als Verlaufsmedien erkennbar werden, die von Bildern ebenso kategorial unterschieden sind wie von Gegenständen, haben Ästhetik und Literaturwissenschaft diese Eigengesetzlichkeit des Textes ausgeblendet und literarische Werke stets nur als simultane Ganzheiten begriffen.
Anhand zahlreicher Beispiele aus der Literatur-, Kunst- und Theoriegeschichte entwickelt die Autorin eine Medienpoetik, die den transitorischen Charakter des Textes ernst nimmt, und entwirft auf dieser Grundlage eine neue Ästhetik der Literatur. Der Textanfang präsentiert sich dabei als eminente Herausforderung überkommener Denkgewohnheiten. Und die Suche nach den Gründen für die literaturwissenschaftliche Verlaufsvergessenheit legt unerwartete Traditionen frei.
Zerbrechlichkeit
Authors: Burdorf Dieter
Published: June 2020

Von Fragmenten, Ruinen und Torsi geht eine besondere Faszination aus, weil sie uns an die Zerbrechlichkeit des menschlichen Lebens erinnern.

Warum lesen wir literarische Fragmente? Was fasziniert uns an den Gedichten Sapphos, einer griechischen Lyrikerin, die um 600 v. Chr. lebte und deren Texte nur in Bruchstücken auf Papyri oder Tonscherben überliefert sind? Welche zwiespältigen Gefühle löst die Betrachtung von Ruinen und zerbrochenen Statuen in uns aus? Das Buch erläutert, dass unvollständige Kunstwerke auf ihre Rezipientinnen und Rezipienten einen anderen, oft intensiveren Reiz ausüben als vollständige Werke. Die Anziehungskraft des Fragmentarischen besteht darin, dass jedes Fragment uns die Zerbrechlichkeit der von Menschen geschaffenen Dinge vor Augen führt.
Zerbrechlichkeit ist daher auch ein wichtiges Thema der Literatur. Die Lektüren dieses Buches sind Texten etwa von Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Rainer Maria Rilke, Walter Benjamin, Ruth Klüger und Susan Sontag gewidmet, in denen es um zerstörte Tempel und Brücken, brennende Bibliotheken und Kathedralen sowie die Vernichtung ganzer Lebensräume durch Kriege und Naturkatastrophen geht. Gefragt wird auch danach, welche Rolle die körperliche Fragilität der Künstler für unser Bild von Autorinnen und Autoren wie Ingeborg Bachmann, Thomas Kling oder Friederike Mayröcker spielt.
Childcare and Development of Paediatrics in Moravia (Czech Republic) in the Context of Palaeopathological Research Focusing on Congenital Malformations, Metabolic and Haematologic Diseases
Authors: Vargová Lenka , Vymazalová Kateřina , Horáčková Ladislava
Published: June 2020

Prezentovaná práce je součástí komplexní studie zaměřené na sledování původu a vývoje pediatrické péče na Moravě, jedné ze zemí dřívější Rakouské monarchie. Studie také bere v potaz sociální podmínky jako změny moravského zdravotnictví ve studovaném období v souvislosti s tereziánskými a josefínskými reformami. Novorozenecká úmrtnost byla v té době velmi vysoká, což souviselo i s nedostatkem péče o těhotné ženy. Studie sleduje zdravotní stav a příčiny úmrtí dětí od 13. do 19. století, na základě studia dostupných literárních zdrojů v kontextu paleopatologické analýzy dětských kosterních pozůstatků. Analýza koster dospělých jedinců sledované populace poskytuje důkaz vysoké úmrtnosti žen ve věku 20–30 let. Pozornost byla zaměřena na vrozené malformace, metabolická a hematologická onemocnění. Z vrozených malformací potvrdila paleopatologická analýza u dětské populace vývojovou dysplázii kyčelního kloubu a předčasnou obliteraci lebečních švů. Z hematologických a metabolických chorob byla nejčastěji zaznamenány známky anemie ve formě cribra orbitalia a stopy po kurdějích a křivici. Tyto choroby se nejčastěji vyskytovaly u dětí v chudobincích a sirotčincích. Podle literárních zdrojů jejich výskyt významně vzrůstal v závislosti na válečných událostech provázených hladomorem. Výsledky studie poskytují přímý důkaz výskytu sledovaných dětských nemocí na Moravě v období novověku.
Odpovědnost za jednání s péčí řádného hospodáře z pohledu teorií právnických osob
Authors: Novotná Krtoušová Lucie
Published: June 2020

Občanský zákoník obsahuje povinnost člena statutárního orgánu jednat při výkonu funkce s péčí řádného hospodáře a s jejím porušením spojuje mimo jiné povinnost nahradit právnické osobě škodu způsobenou při výkonu funkce. Cílem tohoto článku je zodpovědět otázku, zda členové statutárních orgánů právnických osob odpovídají za jednání s péčí řádného hospodáře objektivně nebo subjektivně. Skutečnost, zda bude odpovědnost členů statutárních orgánů právnických osob chápána jako subjektivní či objektivní, je rozhodná z hlediska posouzení kritérií, na jejichž základě tyto osoby budou či nebudou povinny k náhradě škody. Autorka nejdříve připomíná právní úpravu odpovědnosti členů statutárních orgánů obchodních společností před rekodifikací soukromého práva, která je potřebná pro pochopení jádra současného sporu o koncepci odpovědnosti, a diskutuje dopady rekodifikace soukromého práva do oblasti právní úpravy postavení členů statutárních orgánů a jejich odpovědnosti. Autorka zastává tezi, že pro vyřešení problému konstrukce soukromoprávní odpovědnosti za jednání s péčí řádného hospodáře je třeba se nejdříve zabývat otázkami, jak právnická osoba jedná, jak je jednání právnické osoby ovlivněno teoriemi právnických osob a jakým způsobem se teorie právnických osob projevují v platné právní úpravě, proto věnuje pozornost teoriím právnické osoby a jejich současnému nahlížení. Na tomto teoretickém základě se pak zabývá recentními rozporuplnými názory doktríny a judikatury na povahu zastoupení právnické osoby členem statutárního orgánu a odpovědnosti za jednání s péčí řádného hospodáře.
Application of 3-D Imaging in a Familial Case of Cleidocranial Dysplasia
Authors: BİSWAS Anwesha , BABU G Subhas , RAO Kumuda , SAKTHIVEL Soundarya , CASTELİNO Renita
Published: June 2020

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a
rare inherited disorder affecting dental and skeletal tissues. CCD usually has
an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and common clinical features seen
are aplastic or hypoplastic clavicles, late closure of fontanelle, open skull
sutures, retained deciduous teeth, late eruption of permanent teeth and
presence of multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Here, we present a case of
CCD in a female patient with positive family history. The diagnosis was
confirmed clinically and radiographically. The newer radiographic advancement,
CBCT was used to validate the radiographic findings.
Developing competencies for the dental care of people with sensory disabilities: A pilot inclusive approach
Authors: CAMPOS Valerıa , CARTES-VELÁSQUEZ Ricardo
Published: June 2020

Objectives: Different
training programs for healthcare students that have a bio-psychosocial approach
have been reported to have a significant beneficial impact on their education,
attitudes and competencies towards Persons with Disabilities. In Chile,
however, there are no explicit legal obligations to provide healthcare
professionals with the skills required
to offer their services in public or private healthcare facilities to Persons
with Disabilities. Given this situation, a pilot one-semester elective
course for dental students was carried out focusing on people with visual
disabilities and people with hearing disabilities, incorporating Deaf and blind
teachers. The aim of this paper is to
describe the perceptions and results of this pilot course aimed at identifying
and responding to the healthcare needs of people with v a pilot
one-semester elective course for dental students was carried out focusing on
people with visual disabilities and people with hearing disabilities,
incorporating Deaf and blind teachers. isual
or hearing disability.

Materials and
methods: A
multi-strategy 17-week elective course was carried out in the first semester of
Dentistry School with 14 students enrolled. Educational strategies used were
lectures, guided discussion (GD), role-play (RP), standardized patients (SP)
and case method teaching (CM), with the participation of deaf and blind
teachers. Once the program had finished, the students answered a survey
designed with open-ended questions, and GD, RP, SP, CM, attendance and grades
obtained were recorded and analyzed.

Results: Attendance was 82–100%. All students passed the course with the highest
score, and thus were able to define the medical approach needed in cases of
hearing and visual disability, recognize the cultural and linguistic aspects of
people with visual disability and people with hearing disability and learn
their means of communication.

Conclusions: This course was successful in helping the students to identify and
respond to the healthcare needs of people with visual or hearing disability.
Smart Blue Cities
Authors: Orłowski Aleksander , Szczerbicki Edward
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the concept of Smart Cities from the perspective of those located by water, considering if there are more major differences in the way the concept is implemented in coastal cities, as opposed to those located anywhere else. It proves possible to point to such differences, in relation to the three key areas of mobility, the environment and living. Further consideration is given to specific legal and cross-cultural challenges – like excessive tourism and issues of short-term rental – as these appear from the Smart City perspective; and relevant mobility challenges are also addressed. The article further refers to aspects the Smart City and blue growth concepts have in common, as well as to areas in which coordination of the two will be necessary. Ultimately, conclusions are arrived at on the basis of research results for 10 large cities in Poland, the readiness of their city offices to implement the Smart City concept having been the subject of verification.
Island geography shaping maritime space in Macaronesia
Authors: Calado Helena Maria Gregório Pina , Varona Mario Caña , de Vivero Juan Luis Suárez , Moniz Fabiana Cordeiro , Halim Firdaous , Gabriel Daniela de Lima , Hipólito Cláudia Luísa Salvador , Menini Elisabetta , Kramel Diogo , Vergílio Marta Horta de Sousa , Ferreira Maria Adelaide
Published: June 2020

This paper explores how geography shapes human uses of the maritime space along the Atlantic archipelagic territories of Macaronesia, a biogeographical region that includes the archipelagos of the Azores, Madeira, Selvagens, Canary Islands and Cape Verde. The way specific geographic characteristics of these islands influence and even determine maritime uses and activities is analyzed in a three-layers approach in the following order: socio-economic analysis, sectorial analysis and uses and activities analysis. The biophysical and geographical characteristics of each archipelago will be considered throughout the analysis, highlighting the common aspects and peculiarities between each region. After a comprehensive overview of the main economic activities, the discussion suggests that certain specificities need to be taken into account in maritime spatial planning processes when planning and managing human uses at sea, to promote the sustainable development of local communities, particularly in archipelagic regions.
Enfrentarse a la violencia: metateatro como mecanismo revelador en Himmelweg, de Juan Mayorga, y El triángulo azul, de Mariano Llorente y Laila Ripoll
Authors: Sánchez Hernández Pablo
Published: June 2020

El metateatro ha sido utilizado a lo largo de la historia del teatro. Sin embargo, es en el siglo XX y, posteriormente, en el siglo XXI, al ser nombrado y se ha empezado a utilizar de manera más consciente. Fruto de esta proliferación han aparecido una gran cantidad de producciones escénicas en España que utilizan este recurso para presentar el horror de la barbarie. Entre todas ellas, este artículo pretende realizar un estudio comparativo entre Himmelweg, de Juan Mayorga, y El triángulo azul, de Mariano Llorente y Laila Ripoll. Se atenderá especialmente a los signos teatales relacionados con el espacio sonoro, el espacio o el tiempo.
Factors Related with Nurse Compliance in The Implementation of Patient Safety Indicators at The X Hospital in Cilacap, Indonesia
Authors: Alhidayah Taufik , Susilaningsih Fransisca Sri , Somantri Irman
Published: June 2020

Patient safety is one of the five crucial hospital safety issues. This study aimed to determine factors related with nurses’ compliance in the implementation of indicators of patient safety goals (IPSG 1, IPSG 2, IPSG 5, and IPSG 6). This study was a descriptive correlative with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were recruited using a purposive sampling technique (n = 102). Data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests. The results of this study indicate that the leadership style of the head nurse, rewards, attitudes, and motivation had a significant relationship with the level of adherence in the implementation of IPSG 1 and IPSG 2. The level of nurses’ compliance in the implementation of IPSG 5 was only influenced by the leadership style of the room head and the nurses’ positive attitude. None of the factors had significant relationships with the level of nurses’ compliance in the implementation of IPSG 6. The consultative leadership style of the room head can change the level of nurses’ compliance in the implementation of IPSG 1 by 5.6 times, with 5.06 times toward IPSG 2 and 4.71 times toward IPSG 5. This research recommends the need for consultative leadership style from the room head to carry out the roles and functions as a supervisor to improve associate nurses’ compliance in the implementation of IPSG 1, IPSG 2, IPSG 5, and IPSG 6. Abstrak Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kepatuhan Perawat dalam Implementasi Indikator Sasaran Keselamatan Pasien di Rumah Sakit X Cilacap, Indonesia. Keselamatan pasien adalah salah satu dari lima isu penting keselamatan di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang terkait dengan kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan indikator sasaran keselamatan pasien (IPSG 1, IPSG 2, IPSG 5, dan IPSG 6). Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling (n = 102). Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruangan, penghargaan, sikap, dan motivasi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat kepatuhan dalam penerapan IPSG 1 dan IPSG 2. Tingkat kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan IPSG 5 hanya dipengaruhi oleh gaya kepemimpinan kepala ruangan dan sikap positif perawat. Tidak ada faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan tingkat kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan IPSG 6. Gaya kepemimpinan konsultatif kepala ruangan dapat mengubah tingkat kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan IPSG 1 sebesar 5,6 kali, dengan 5,06 kali terhadap IPSG 2 dan 4,71 kali terhadap IPSG 5. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya gaya kepemimpinan konsultatif dari kepala ruangan untuk melaksanakan peran dan fungsi sebagai pengawas untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan perawat dalam penerapan IPSG 1, IPSG 2, IPSG 5, dan IPSG 6. Kata Kunci: indikator sasaran keselamatan pasien, kepatuhan, perawat
Aromatic interactions with membrane modulate human BK channel activation
Authors: Yazdani Mahdieh , Zhang Guohui , Jia Zhiguang , Shi Jingyi , Cui Jianmin , Chen Jianhan
Published: June 2020

Large-conductance potassium (BK) channels are transmembrane (TM) proteins that can be synergistically and independently activated by membrane voltage and intracellular Ca2+. The only covalent connection between the cytosolic Ca2+ sensing domain and the TM pore and voltage sensing domains is a 15-residue ‘C-linker’. To determine the linker’s role in human BK activation, we designed a series of linker sequence scrambling mutants to suppress potential complex interplay of specific interactions with the rest of the protein. The results revealed a surprising sensitivity of BK activation to the linker sequence. Combining atomistic simulations and further mutagenesis experiments, we demonstrated that nonspecific interactions of the linker with membrane alone could directly modulate BK activation. The C-linker thus plays more direct roles in mediating allosteric coupling between BK domains than previously assumed. Our results suggest that covalent linkers could directly modulate TM protein function and should be considered an integral component of the sensing apparatus.
Evaluating Financial Conflicts of Interest Among Contributors to Clinical Practice Guidelines of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Authors: Wright Micah R. , Frye Lance , Vo Solis Luanne , Checketts Jake X. , Guevara Carlos , Smith Larissa , Vassar Matt
Published: June 2020

Context

Patient care is an essential part of the practice of obstetrics and gynecology, and patient care is directed by clinical practice guidelines. To increase the validity of these guidelines, we must make sure that there is no outside influence by financial conflicts of interest.

Objective

To investigate the existence of and reporting patterns regarding payments received by contributors to guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), ACOG executive committee members, and companies making these payments and to examine the compliance of those receiving payments to ACOG's conflict of interest policies.

Methods

The Center for Medicare and Medicaid's Open Payments database was used to search practice bulletin committee members and practice bulletin collaborators from 2014-2016, as well as current executive committee board members. Open Payments was also used to evaluate companies that provided payments, and amounts were totaled. The main outcome measure was the monetary values of payments received and the compliance with disclosure statements enforced by ACOG. Manufacturer payments to physicians in the database were analyzed descriptively.

Results

General and research payments were calculated among 65 physicians in the Open Payments database: 44 physician members of both the obstetrics and the gynecology practice bulletin committees, 4 2016 ACOG executive board physician members, and 17 contributing physician authors. Research payments accounted for greater than 78% of all payments. Consulting, travel and lodging, and speaking fees totaled greater than $90,000 and contributed to more than 90% of the total amount of general payments. Food and beverage payments contributed to 10% of all general payments. Three covered members were noncompliant with the financial conflicts of interest guidelines, receiving industry payments exceeding $5000.

Conclusion

A small number of companies provide the majority of contributions; however, there is no evidence to suggest bias toward manufactures within ACOG practice bulletins. Future investigations into pharmaceutical manufacturer payments, specifically for consulting fees, may be warranted. (Clinical Trial Registry UMIN-CTR, UMIN000029165)
Effect of Opioid Prescribing Education for Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents in a Safety-Net Hospital
Authors: Evans Casey , McCullough Deanna , Best Kelly , Yorkgitis Brian K.
Published: June 2020

Context

The number of deaths due to opioid overdose has steadily increased in the United States since the early 2000s. The US opioid epidemic calls for an urgent need to evaluate physician prescribing habits.

Objective

To educate obstetrics and gynecology residents about opioid abuse, the quantity typically prescribed postoperatively, and strategies to decrease adverse outcomes.

Methods

Obstetrics and gynecology residents at an urban safety-net hospital were given a preintervention evaluation to understand their opioid prescribing patterns and use of resources like prescription drug monitoring programs and opioid risk tool. Residents then attended a didactic session reviewing rates of adverse outcomes from overprescribing, resources to reduce adverse outcomes, and the number of opioids considered appropriate postoperatively. Residents completed an immediate postintervention evaluation to reevaluate prescribing patterns.

Results

Pre- and postintervention evaluations were completed by 13 residents. In the preintervention evaluation, all participants reported that they would prescribe at least 30 opioid pills for patients after cesarean delivery, but in the postintervention evaluation, none reported that they would prescribe more than 20 opioid pills (P=<.0001). Similar but less distinct shifts can be seen in laparoscopic hysterectomy and the use of preoperative gabapentinoids (ie, gabapentin and pregabalin). Before the intervention, 7 residents (54%) reported that they currently prescribed 20 opioid pills or more for patients after laparoscopic hysterectomy, whereas after the intervention, 1 resident (7.7%) reported that he or she would prescribe more than 20 opioid pills in (P=.0382). Before the intervention, 2 residents (15.4%) reported that they would consider gabapentinoids compared with 13 residents (100%) after the intervention.

Conclusion

Focused opioid education can reduce the intended number of opioid pills prescribed in a postoperative setting. This study highlights the effect that educational curricula can have on physician prescribing patterns to help mitigate the current epidemic and help optimize stepwise multimodal analgesia to avoid overprescribing opioids.
On the Sums of Squares of Generalized Tribonacci Numbers: Closed Formulas of Σn k=0 xkW2
Authors: Soykan Yüksel
Published: June 2020

In this paper, closed forms of the sum formulas Σn k=0 xkW2 k ; Σn k=0 xk Σ Wk+1Wk and n k=0 xkWk+2Wk for the squares of generalized Tribonacci numbers are presented. As special cases, we give summation formulas of Tribonacci, Tribonacci-Lucas, Padovan, Perrin numbers and the other third order recurrence relations. We present the proofs to indicate how these formulas, in general, were discovered. Of course, all the listed formulas may be proved by induction, but that method of proof gives no clue about their discovery. Our work generalize third order recurrence relations.
Gender Differentials in Poverty among Crayfish Harvesting Households in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Etim E. J. , Baba K. M. , Ojo M. A. , Ndanitsa M. A.
Published: June 2020

The contribution of women in artisanal crayfish harvesting and other related fishery products (seafood) cannot be overemphasized, yet they are being un-noticed economically. This study examined empirically gender differentials in poverty among crayfish harvesting households in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. A multi-stage and stratified random sampling techniques was employed in selecting a total of 409 (300 males and 109 females) headed crayfish harvesting households. A structured questionnaire and interview schedule survey was used for the study. FGT model was used to analyse gender differences in poverty status of the respondents while Oaxaca–Blinder (O-B) Decomposition Technique was used to decomposed poverty. The result revealed that, female harvesters are more vulnerable to poverty than their male counterparts in the region with their poverty incidence (0.59), poverty depth (0.33) and poverty severity (0.18) being higher than 0.33, 0.32 and 0.17 for males. The aggregate decomposition revealed that gender differentials gap was mostly being accounted for by coefficient component (structural or discrimination effect) than endowment component (characteristics or composition effect) and interaction effect. The detailed decomposition that explained the gender differential gap indicates that marital status, household size and income of crayfish harvesting are the major factors that explained the endowment effect while marital status, labour, income of crayfish harvesting and access to crayfish harvesting net are the factors that explained the structural effect. Additionally, the result of the analysis of poverty coping strategy use index (PCSUI) revealed that spending of saved income (8.16%), children eating first (8.15%), intensifying of the amount of work done on the crayfish fishing to increase output (8.03%), purchasing items on credit (7.98%), diversify off-fishing activities to increase income (7.50%), borrowing money for household upkeep (7.20%), reduction in food consumption (7.20%) among others were the major poverty coping strategies used in the area. The study recommended that gender equality and equity be ensure in the provision, allocation and distribution of productive (harvesting) resources/services. More so, bias and discriminatory laws, norms, belief and traditional restrictions against women should be review and repeal while hidden ones be eliminated among others.
The Synergistic Effects of Humic Substances and Biofertilizers on Plant Development and Microbial Activity: A Review
Authors: Filho Jose Franco Da Cunha Leme , Thomason Wade E. , Evanylo Gregory K. , Zhang Xunzhong , Strickland Michael S. , Chim Bee K. , Diatta Andre A.
Published: June 2020

Agroecosystem and ecological cycling loops are open when considering the reutilization of inputs applied in farming areas. Non-renewable resources have been transformed or relocated from the air, water and land into the system and are flowing out as wastes rather than reusable, recyclable resources. This current environmental situation is promoting the development of methods able to optimize nutrient cycling, minimize use of external inputs, and maximize input use efficiency. Some humic products are derived from lignin found in wheat straw and biofertilizers as compost and manure teas can be made using residues. Also, these biostimulants might decrease the necessity of synthetic inputs. This review strives to enhance our understanding of the conjunctive use of humic substances (HS) and biofertilizers. The biostimulant effects of each of these compounds are shown in the literature. Thus, our review question is whether the combined application of HS and biofertilizers can promote synergy between both compounds and potentially more efficacy. The effects promoted by using HS plus biofertilizers on plants and microorganisms are very interconnected, so sometimes these effects can be confounded. For instance, the root elongation promoted by HS might increase hyphal fungi colonization. Therefore, this review as divided in three sections: Responses of plants, fungi and bacteria. The findings indicate that the source and application rate of HS will have a strong impact on whether plant growth and microbial activity significantly improved. The microbial species and plant type also influence the response to HS. The prospects of the conjunctive use of and biofertilizers to stimulate plant development and microbial activity in agricultural systems are theoretically substantial when considering the total number of studies included in this review.