bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHOICE OF CREDIT FACILITIES: A STIMULANT FOR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMES IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ajajyi Modupe Olayinka
Published: January 2020

The study examined the effects of choice of credit facilities on the financial performance of SMEs in Nigeria while the specific objectives are to establish the influence of interest rate on loan and service on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti State; investigate the influence of trade credits on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti and examine the effect of asset financing on performance of registered SMEs in Ekiti State.

The population of the study comprised 1704 SMEs operators from 16 local government areas in Ekiti State Nigeria. The stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample size from the captive population. The total sample size is 324 SMEs. This is the minimum to go to field with. 10% of 324were added to the sample size, summing up to give 356 because of non-response rate.

To achieve the set objectives and hypotheses, both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. In the descriptive analysis, the use of percentages comes to bare; more importantly in the areas of frequency of respondents to their views on the questions of research instrument. In specific terms, to achieve the objectives ANCOVA analysis were adopted.

The results revealed that interest loan and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(16.961, 14.244) = 9.207, p < .05], loan and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(8, 1) = 2.952, p < .05] and bonds and performance between the groups revealed that a statistically significant main effect [f(16, 1) = 4.998, p < .05].

The study concluded that there is improvement in businesses of the customers who use Micro-Credit loans, loan repayment is a smooth process and Cash and deposit account at depository institutions, the short term loan, there is no special terms granted, no, special terms occasionally granted and term frequently granted, capital provided by the owners or shareholders of the enterprise are credit worthiness that is your track record of repaying past debts.
Waste Recycling, An Example Of Refuse Collecting As A Means Of Livelihood In The Informal Sector Of Nsukka Urban Area, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Authors: Ogbu S. Okonkwo , Ajadike J. C. , Ugwu Hillary Ndubuisi
Published: January 2020

This study explored how picking waste materials has aided sustenance in the livelihood of scavengers, an informal sector in Nsukka urban area of Enugu State, Nigeria. It aimed at identifying the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of scavengers as well as the type and uses of collected waste materials. Survey research design was adopted in this study. A total of 411 scavengers (45.7%) were sampled out of the available 900 scavengers in the four administrative units of Nsukka Urban area as follows; Ihe/Owerre (165), Obukpa (82), Nru (82) and Mpkunano (82). The data were collected using the instrument of questionnaire, oral interview, and field observation. Data obtained were analyzed using percentage and rank methods, graphs (especially bar and pie graphs), and KrusKal-Wallis statistical techniques. The socioeconomic features of the respondents identified were; gender (males, 88.8% and females 11.2%); age (5-25years (19.4%), 26-45years (47.2%), and above 46 years (33.4%)); education (non-formal education (13.4%), FSLC (46.6%), GCE/SSCE (36.4%), OND (2.0%), HND (1.0%) and B Sc/B.A. (0.6%)); and Marital status (single (64.4%),and married (6.6%), widowed (17.8%) and divorced (11.2%)). The results obtained reveal that useful materials collected in the area originate in descending order from metals (54.6%), glass (23.8%), Plastics (10.4%), foods (6.2%), and papers (5.0%). These materials are found to be useful in two major areas of sales as source of income (78.2%), and for domestic purposes (21.8%). The ranges of income derived from scavenging in the area vary from below N2, 000.00 to above N20, 000.00 per month with N10, 001.00 - N20, 000.00 (39.2%) dominating other income levels. From these results, it is recommended that scavenging business should be encouraged by government and industrialist through the establishment of industrial activities that recycle and use recycled materials as input materials in the study area.
THE EFFECT OF OSHA, WORK ENVIRONMENT AND WORK DISCIPLINE ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Kunto
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the effect of Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA), work environment and work discipline on job satisfaction and employee performance. The method used in this study is a survey conducted on the employees of PT. Maspion I Maxim Division of the Spray Coating Department. The sampling method uses saturated sampling, by taking the entire population of 70 employees to be respondents. The data used in this study are primary data. Data analysis and hypothesis testing in this study used Goodness of fit analysis in the Partial Least Square model. The results showed that the work environment and work discipline variables had a significant effect on employee performance while OSHA had no significant effect on employee performance. OSHA implementation and work discipline have a significant effect on job satisfaction. The environment has no significant effect on employee job satisfaction.

 

Keywords   :    OSHA, work environment, work discipline, job satisfaction, employee performance
‘To what extent does Amazon.com, Inc success be accredited to its organizational culture and ND Jeff Bezos's leadership style?
Authors: SOLANKI KALPANA
Published: January 2020

This research aims at finding the answer to the research ‘To what extent does Amazon.com, Inc's success be accredited to its's organizational culture and ND Jeff Bezos's leadership style? 

This research question is answered by using the concepts of Business management for identifying the organisational culture of Amazon and leadership style od Jeff Bezzo and later identify the role of the corporate culture and leadersip style in the success of Amazon.

The secondary research shows that Amazon has an extremenly positive and welcoming organizational culture along with effective leadership style of Jeff bezzo which has led to the success of the company. Organisational culture motivate the human resources of the company to give their best efforts towards excellent customer services and customer satisfaction.

The CEO jeff has inculcated a warn culture by injecting his values and used a mix of Authoratirian and democratic leadership style which has led to the success of the company. Human resources are the most important asset of every organisation and the positive organisational culture has contributed to the optimum utilization of the human resource capabilities in Amazon. The research essay end with the finding that the visonary leadership style of Jeff has inducted the long term values in the employees of Amazon. Amazon’s organisational culture can be depicted in the rituals, stories, behavior, communication, style, workplace practices, celebrations and dress code of the employees and management
The Effects of Environmental Performance and Environmental Information Disclosure on Financial Performance in Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Msy Mikial
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of environmental performance and environmental information disclosure on financial performance in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study amounted to 20 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, issued an Annual Report and Sustainability Report and included in the Sustainability Disclosure Database of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The data used in the form of secondary data obtained from annual reports and sustainability reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2016. The numbers of observations in this study were 80. The analysis technique used was Partial Least Square (PLS). The novelty in this study is to measure environmental performance based on outcomes, namely environmental costs incurred by the company rather than compliance with regulations. The cost of a well-managed environment will improve environmental performance because there are efficient use of resources. The results of this study indicate that eenvironmental performance has no significant effect on financial performance, environmental information disclosure has a significant effect on financial performance. Disclosure of environmental information has a negative effect on financial performance, it shows that if the disclosure of environmental information is more equipped and in accordance with the disclosure guidelines, the cost is not small so that it will reduce financial performance. Research limitation that environmental costs is difficult to obtain so that the population is limited to companies listed on the IDX that have a Sustainability Report and are included in the Sustainability Disclosure Database of the Global Reporting Initiative. Disclosure of environmental information which is the result of the implementation environmental management accounting has not been done by all companies, because it is still voluntary is not mandatory. The suggestion of the research, the Indonesian Accountants Association is expected to form separate standards for measuring and reporting environmental cost information and standardized. For other researchers who are interested in researching environmental accounting can develop other variables for a longer time and the number of companies that publish more Sustainability Reporting.
The Moderation (Wasatiyah) Paradigm in the Malay World: Thoughts of M. Kamal Hassan
Authors: Islam Muhammad Hedayatul
Published: January 2020

Kamal Hassan, fondly known as Prof. Kamal is a symbolic academician in a well-versed personality of virtue, adab (good manners), and hikmah (wisdom). He has been accredited as one of the intellectual leaders of Madarasah al-Wasatiyah or movement of moderation and ideologue of Islamization of knowledge in the contemporary Malay world. He is also one of the leading figures in the area of contemporary Islamic thought and Malay civilization. His literature is vocal on the issue of Islam and modernity, Wasatiyah or Islamic moderation, Islamicization of human knowledge, Integrated Islamic education, secularism and secular education, the relationship between East and West, human rights and civil society. His metaphysical views have been often quoted in the literature of Muslim intellectuals and activists in Southeast Asia. Moreover, his philosophical thought of a justly balanced approach of Wasatiyah is also worth mention. The noteworthy highlights in his literature and speech promote Muslim leaders and scholars to examine: what collective moral responsibility they have, as a moderate nation or Ummah Wasat, to build a better world and a better nation—Khaira Ummah. There were many reasons for the intellectual decline of Muslims and the Muslim world. One of the reasons by moving away from the moderate and comprehensive understanding of the Qur’an. There is undoubtedly an urgent need to retract the philosophy of Ummah Wasat based on divine knowledge rooted in humanistic and societal life. Hence, Kamal Hassan fetched the thoughts in his lectures, articles, and books to relevantize the philosophy of moderation in Islam.

Keywords: Wasatiyah, Moderation, Justly Balanced Path, Islamization of Knowledge, Kamal Hassan and Malay World.
Abrupt Climate Change: Time is tight
Authors: Jan-Erik
Published: January 2020

The new theme of abrupt climate change (“Hawking tipping point”) must be taken up by global coordination – the UNFCCC, IPCC and the G20. The only policy response is to reinforce the COP21 project, and start managing its quick implementation of decarbonisation. A more decisive climate change policy – no coal or charcoal, solar power parks, and possibly carbon capture – may not guarantee the goal of + 2 degrees Celsius, but it may help avoid climate chaos. Only global coordination can break through the resistance of markets in the rich countries and governments in the Third World together with vibrant civil society. The large COP21 Secretariat must become a management agency for rapid decarbonisation with support from other global bodies (WB, IMF) and the G20.
The THE DETERMINANT FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION IN EMBROIDERY SMALL ENTERPRISES IN ACEH, INDONESIA
Authors: Kusdiarni Yuli
Published: January 2020

The entrepreneurial orientation owned by embroidery enterpreneurs is influenced by many factors. Some of these factors include personal creativity, internal environment, external environment and stakeholders. For this reason, this research aims at testing empirically and analyzing the influence of personal creativity, internal environment, external environment and stakeholders on entrepreneurial orientation. This research covers 7 regencies/municipalities in Aceh Province. 200 embroidery enterpreneursare proportionally sampled from these 7 regions for this research. The research results indicate that personal creativity, internal environment, external environment and stakeholders have influence on entrepreneurial orientation.
THE EFFECT OF ASSET STRUCTURE, CAPITAL STRUCTURE, MACRO ECONOMY AND FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ON THE VALUE OF THE FIRM IN COMPANIES LISTED ON THE JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX
Authors: Solichah Solichah
Published: January 2020

The Islamic capital market has importtant roles, they are as a source of funding for companies for business development through the issuance of syari’ah securities, as a means of syari’ah  securities for syari’ah capital market investors that are universal, can be utilized by anyone regardless of ethnic, religion and racial backgrounds. The purpose of this research  to 1) examine, analyze and prove the Asset Structure, Capital Structure, Macroeconomics of Financial Risk Management, 2) examine, analyze and prove the Asset Structure, Capital Structure, Macroeconomics of the Value of the Firm, 3) examine, analyze and prove Financial Risk Management to the Value of the Firm. The population and sample in this study were 16 syri’ah stock companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index, from 2013 to 2017, with keriteria and saturated sampling techniques. This type of research is quantitative research secondary data research data obtained by IDX (Indonesia stock exchange) webset. Data examining techniques using PLS test equipment.  The results show that the t-statistic: means: asset structure had no significant effect on financial risk management: means: asset structure had a significant effect on the value of the firm:  means: capital structure has a significant effect on financial risk management: means: capital structure has no significant effect on the value of the firm:  means: macro economic has a significant effect on financial risk management: giving the meaning of macro economic significantly influencing the value of the firm: giving the meaning of financial risk management having a significant effect on the value of the firm. Conclusions of the study 1) Asset structure has no effect and no significant effect on financial risk management, 2) Asset structure influences and significantly affects the value of the firm, 3) Capital structure influences and significantly affects financial risk management, 4) Capital structure has no effect and is insignificant on the value of the firm, 5) Macroeconomic influences and significantly on financial risk management, 6) Macroeconomics influential and significant on the value of the firm, 7) Financial risk management influences and significantly on the  value of the firm
CONSUMER SATISFACTION ONLINE OJEK SERVICES IN INDONESIA :EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER VALUE
Authors: Maftuchah Viniyati , Ghofir Ade , . Sabil , Riftiasari Dinar
Published: January 2020

The shift of the use of conventional transportation to online transportation networks has resulted in a decrease in the market share of conventional transportation. The design of this study is causal research, which explains causal relationships between research variables to determine the causal relationship pattern of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The variables in this study are the service quality of the independent variable, customer satisfaction of the dependent variable, and the value of the customer intervening variable. Samples obtained by 100 respondents and taken by Purposive Sampling. The number of samples in this study was determined by the SEM analysis method where the number of indicators multiplied by five. Analysis of the data used is SmartPLS version 3.2. The results showed that all hypotheses could be accepted, where service quality had a positive and significant effect on customer value, but the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction had positive but not significant results, customer value had a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction and service quality had a positive and significant effect to customer satisfaction through customer value.
The Effect of Macroeconomic Variables On the Saudi Stock Market
Authors: Aldukhail Amani Mohammed
Published: January 2020

This study aimed at exploring the effect of macroeconomic variables on the activity of the Saudi stock market for the period 1997-2017. Macroeconomic variables were: GDP, interest rate on time deposits, inflation rate. The variables of the Saudi stock market activity were: stock price index, market value of shares, value of traded shares. To achieve this objective, the researcher used the ARDL model for the self-regression of the lagged distributed time gaps.

The most important results of the research are: The effect of macroeconomic variables on the performance indicators in the Saudi stock market is not important in the short term and is statistically significant in the long term according to the proposed models, so investors in this market can rely on macroeconomic variables in Predict the movement of the stock market and predict long-term profits and losses.
The influence of Image and Service Value on Mobile Banking Loyalty
Authors: Fragata Anabela
Published: January 2020

This paper intends to empirically examine the impact of Image and Service Value on Mobile Banking Services Loyalty. The data was analysed by employing exploratory as well as confirmatory analysis and a Structural Equation Model was extracted from 120 Portuguese respondents. The results suggest that Image and Service Value are positively related with Mobile Banking Loyalty. We also found a strong impact of Image on the Perceived Service Value.
A Comparative Study of Antecedents to Contracting Practice in Buyer-Seller Relationships in Egypt and China
Authors: A. Hammad Mahmoud , Ali Ahmed , Barakat Ahmed , Dabees Ahmed , Gamil Mohamed , Mostafa Sobhy , Hanafi Islam
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influences of transaction factors on inter-firms relationships in different businesses. The study focuses on the comparison between the Chinese and Egyptian business with regarding to buyer and seller relationships in textile industry in order to find out the differences in buyer-seller relationships between Egypt and China and how the cultural factors influence the contracting practice between these two countries. Therefore, transaction cost analysis (TCA), relational contracting theory (RCT) and resource dependence theory (RDT) would act as the important tools to find out how the business relationship works in different culture background. Combining the three theories, we can conclude the general view about the transaction mechanism in the two countries. Chinese market situation, weak legal system and informal institutions combining with the “guanxi” embedded business environment make the Chinese small firms rely on the relational contracting more than formal contracting. Meanwhile, the high value for law makes Egyptians prefer to formal contracting. The findings highlight the fact that the level of contracting mechanism was found to be more positive in Egypt than in China and was statistically significant. In other words, the Egyptians tend to use the formal transactional mechanisms which emphasize legal conditions and incentive systems, whereas the Chinese prefer the relational mechanisms that govern exchanges through moral control and trust in the relationships between the buyers and suppliers. A hierarchical multiple regression approach employing the OLS regression model was carried out and the findings show that almost 30% of contracting mechanisms can be explained by the model, while the remaining percentage (70%) can be explained by other factors not included in the research model. In addition, the findings revealed that the association between supplier specific investments and contracting becomes significantly more enforced in Egypt than in China when the size of the buying firm increases. Furthermore, contracts have a control effect on buyer-supplier relationships in case of unanticipated eventualities.
Foreign direct investment and pollution havens: evidence from African countries
Authors: GHARNIT SAID , Bouzahzah Mohamed , Ait Soussane Jihad
Published: January 2020

This study examines the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and carbon dioxide emissions (CE) in order to investigate the validity of the pollution haven hypothesis for 54 African countries, using cointegration approach with dynamic panel data over the period 1960-2018. Based on the panel cointegration analysis, it was concluded that the variables are cointegrated. Moreover, the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) results showed that foreign direct investment inflows have a long-run positive relationship with carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, according to Granger-Engle causality test results, FDI inflows and carbon dioxide emissions have a positive causal relationship, for both short-run and long-run. Thus, the results of this study validate the pollution haven hypothesis in the African countries. Nevertheless, it is recommended to keep attracting foreign direct investment inflows alongside of implementing mechanisms and instruments for reducing the CO2 emissions under strong environmental policies.
Performance Of Financial Institutions In Five Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Irbad Husein Mohamed , Jayaprakash M. G.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of financial institutions in five Sub-Saharan African countries: Kenya, Nigeria, Namibia, Rwanda and Senegal. The investigation is based on four proxies towards performance namely:  financial access, financial depth, financial efficiency and financial stability. The overall proxies are composed of thirty variables. There are four objectives in the study; the first objective has examined access and information of financial services in financial institutions of Sub-Saharan African countries. The second objective investigated and measured depth of financial institutions. The third objective evaluated efficiency of financial institutions in Sub-Sahara Africa. The last objective was intended to measure the stability of financial institutions in Africa. We created a development of financial performance model describing the proxies and variables in this study. The main analysis of the study is Mean calculation and regression analysis by using weighted Least Squares multiple regression analysis (WLS). This study investigated secondary data. The data was analyzed by using Excel software and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) in descriptive statistics. The result of all target countries except Nigeria is significant in financial access. Result also showed significance in financial depth of all five target countries. The financial institutions of all five target countries are inefficient. Also the result of financial stability in financial institutions of target countries showed insignificance except Rwanda.
A Comparative Study between Learning Organizartional Framework and UAE GOvernment Initiative
Authors: Nowduri Srinivas
Published: January 2020

This research work compares the learning organizational framework with that of UAE government proposed initiatives towards its academic institutions from three different perspectives viz., 1. Four pillars of modern organizations 2. Different layers of fostering a learning culture 3. The life cycle of a high-performance learning organizations. A comparative study is made between learning organizations initiates and UAE proposed initiatives. Finally concluded with few influencing factors of UAE economy from academy perspective.
Analysis of the Relationship between Financial Development, Employment and Institutions on Economic Growth in WAEMU Countries
Authors: Ayivodji Firmin , Hounsou Rémy , Tago Emmanuel
Published: January 2020

This study analyzes the relationship between financial development and economic growth on the one hand and the link between employment level and economic growth on the other hand in the context of financial liberalization. Also the question of the role of the institutional factors in the facilitation of the credit granting in the eight (08) countries of the WAEMU is approached. In doing so, strategies based on conventional fixed effects methods, with correction of Driscoll-Kraay (1998), Pooled Mean Group (PMG) of Pesaran et al. (1995, 1999) and spatial autoregressive models (SAC) are used to estimate the different equations over the period 1990-2015. The results suggest that financial development is positively associated with economic growth in WAEMU countries while an improvement in the level of employment stifles economic development. The results show that there is a positive and significant correlation between quality of democratic institutions and economic growth whatever the indicators of financial development considered except the money supply. The study recommends a strengthening of the financial development with a possible greater regularity.
Women’s Micro-Enterprises: Factors Influencing Business Performance
Authors: Ramli Ainon , Razali Zeity Liziana
Published: January 2020

Micro Enterprises have a significant role in contributing to the economic development of Malaysia. However, the enterprises increasingly face competition not only from the same business segment but also from small, medium, and large enterprises. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of internal and external factors (internal factors: entrepreneurial traits and managerial skills; external factors: access to finance, use of information technology, marketing, availability of business infrastructures) towards women’s micro-business performance in Kelantan, Malaysia. The study adopted a quantitative methodology and surveyed 100 women’s micro-businesses using questionnaires. The study concluded that the internal factors of entrepreneurial traits and managerial skills highly influenced the performance of women’s micro-enterprises. The study further revealed that external factors do not impact the performance of women’s micro-enterprises in Kelantan, Malaysia.
The Moderating Effect of Gender on Adaptive Coping Mechanisms and Financial Stress
Authors: Osei-Kuffour Francis , Peprah Williams Kwasi
Published: January 2020

It is a fact that financial stress impact university students. Given this notion, this research looked at the moderating impact of gender on the adaptive coping mechanism of private university students on their financial stress. The research was a descriptive-correlational design. The study conveniently employed 369 respondents of the primer private university in Ghana (Valley View University), out of a population of 9,000 to answer self-constructed questionnaires with Cronbach Alpha of .806 for adaptive coping mechanism and .845 for financial stress. The data were analyzed descriptively based on the central tendency with SPSS and regression Process v3.2 by Andrew F. Hayes model 1. The study revealed that there was a very high financial stress among private university students in Ghana and they have a high adaptive coping mechanism. The students used emotion-focus than problem-focus coping mechanisms in managing their financial stress. Also, there was a moderate positive significant association between financial stress and adaptive coping mechanism. However, the adaptive coping mechanisms could predict financial stress by 11.65%. There was a significant enhancing moderating effect of gender on adaptive coping mechanisms and financial stress relationship. With time the males' financial stress moderately decrease based on their rate of change to adaptive coping mechanism, while the females have a high increasing coping mechanism in managing their financial stress. The study recommends that an investigation into the outstanding 88.35% of adaptive coping mechanisms which can predict the financial stress of private university students in Ghana.
Economic Analysis Of The Determinants Of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) In Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo Emmanuel Oluwagbenga , Gambiyo Suleiman Purokayo
Published: January 2020

The study examined the factors that determine Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Nigeria.  It assessed the extent to which exchange rate, interest rate, degree of trade openness affects foreign direct investment inflow to Nigeria.  The study used data from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Bulletin and World Bank (1981 - 2017).  The results were interpreted based on the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method, apart from series of test statistics and some diagnostics on data was performed. The estimated linear regression model reveals that the degree of openness positively and significantly affect FDI. Exchange rate has a positive but non-significant relationship with FDI and interest rate has a negative relationship with FDI, but it is not statistically significant. The study therefore recommends that economic policies that allow free trade should be formulated since macroeconomic policies are important in stabilization, enhance standard growth and improvements in the standard of living as a result of improved and higher productivity.
Effectiveness of Marketing Mix Strategies on Customer Satisfaction, Loyalty and Retention in Banking: Case Study of Zenith Bank Plc, Nigeria
Authors: Asekome Elma
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of Zenith Bank marketing mix strategies on customer satisfaction, loyalty and retention and how to improve on them. Data were collected from primary sources through a questionnaire made up of descriptive options in a 5- scale Likert research format. The data were subjected to empirical analysis using the SPSS software to estimate the mean distribution, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as multiple regression analysis to test the set hypotheses.

The result of the analysis revealed that though each of the elements of the marketing mix strategies influences the effectiveness of Zenith Bank marketing, product, process and personnel were more significant in contributing to meeting customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and customer retention. The study recommended the need for the Bank to continue to improve on these significant strategies as well as improving on other strategies that could attract, meet and exceed customer expectations such as enhancing transaction process flow, continuous training of the Bank personnel and providing the latest technological innovations to ensure error free transactions. The study further recommended the need to increase the Bank corporate social responsibility by sponsorship of social events that could increase its marketing visibility as well as avoiding incidences of cash shortage at ATM points to reduce customer complaints.
Debt Finance and Corporate Performance: Firm Level Empirical Evaluation
Authors: Eleje Edward Ogbonnia , Okechukwu Agha Eze , Chikanele Eli Oyavuru
Published: January 2020

Debt finance relevance or financial leverage debate has continued to gain more strength in every discussion of firm capital structure locally and beyond. To some researchers, the application of debt finance could worsen performance of firms and create difficult economic scenario; to others, debt finance could induced better business performance and profitability. It is on the premise of the foregoing arguments that this study sought to investigate the effect of long and short tenured debt on return on assets (ROA) as well as return on equity (ROE) of corporate manufacturing firms in Nigeria. To achieve this, the study relied on firm level data generated from annual report of the National Salt Corporation of Nigeria (NASCON) Plc for a 12-year period (2007-2018). Data were analyzed using time series analysis while the computer-based multivariate linear regression approach aided by Special Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 was used in the test of the two stated hypotheses. Consistently, the two null hypotheses were sustained since their significant values (sig-value) were greater than 0.05 and their corresponding t-values positive. The paper thus concludes that although long and short tenured debt finances may not significantly impact positively on ROA and ROE, long tenured debt could slightly enhance corporate performance. Accordingly, the study recommends among others that, financial managers of corporate manufacturing firms should design optimum capital structure for long and short tenured debt finances considering the varied impact of both on corporate performance.
Voluntary Assets and Income Declaration Scheme (VAIDS) and Company Income Tax in Nigeria: A Post-Mortem
Authors: Onwuka Onwuka Okwara
Published: January 2020

Abstract The contribution of taxation to any economy globally cannot be over emphasized.  This research work is on Voluntary Assets and Income Declaration Scheme (VAIDS) and Company Income Tax (CIT): A Post-Mortem. The main objective of this study is to explore the impact of Voluntary Assets and Income Declaration Scheme on company income tax in Nigeria. Time series data were applied in carrying out this research work. Ordinary least square regression analysis was employed in this work with the use of STATA 13 package. The scope of the study is basically focused on the assessment and effect of voluntary assets and income declaration scheme on company income tax in Nigeria from June 2017 to March 2018 a period of 9 months but later extended to July 2018 by the Federal Government of Nigeria. This research focuses on a broad range of issues with the collection of a diversity of data in the field of VAIDS and company income. A literature review was used to determine the theoretical basis for research topic and prior research method conducted on various aspects of relating to VAIDS and company income tax. This work adopted the ex-post-facto research design. The findings reveal that Company Income Tax has an insignificant impact on VAIDS. The work recommends that the voluntary assets and income declaration scheme should be a permanent programme as a separate body should be set up to inspect and ensure the smooth running of the programme.  Key words: VAIDS, Tax, Executive, Order, Income
Effectiveness of financial market as Economic Development Agents in Africa (2008-2017).
Authors: Idowu Akinyele Akinwumi , Olopade Bosede Comfort , Adeleke Yemisi Akinkuotu , Lawal Nureni Adekunle
Published: January 2020

The development in Africa’s financial sector in recent years has been remarkable. Though relatively underexplored and underinvested sector a mere decade ago, today, this sector is considered to be one of the continent’s brightest prospects. This is due to the fact that for some time now, financial sector development has been on front burners in the economic agenda of most African countries. This sector has the potential to transform the lives of millions of people across the continent. Low rate of economic development has created a lot of social stress in Africa, which is responsible for incidence and prevalence of poverty, and consequent social uprisings on a number of occasions. Various studies have examined the role of African financial market development on economic growth, but none have strictly generated a combined focus on the three major African groupings – the Southern, the Western and the Eastern African regions. This paper specifically address this void and it examines the determinant and impact of banking sector and stock market development on Africa’s economic growth and development. Various econometric techniques that include descriptive statistics, unit root tests and OLS were used to analyse data. The study finds out that local financial markets play crucial roles in economic development of Africa, albeit in varying magnitude. The study also observes that banking sector development and economic growth promote stock market development. In addition, this paper finds an interesting result in the fact that trade openness has a negative impact on stock market development, which is different from the findings of many other studies. Financial market size is also strongly related to the size of the economy. This paper has some policy implications. In order to promote banking and stock market development in the region, it is important to encourage savings by appropriate incentives, consider the possibility of one single currency for African countries in order to improve stock market liquidity and develop financial intermediaries. This paper shows an in‐depth analysis of Africa financial markets in order to assess how they can improve and benefit the global investor. In addition, it is found that financial intermediaries and stock markets are complements rather than substitutes in the growth process.
Laboratory Science Training Improvement Using an Immunohematology Simulation Lab
Authors: Hidalgo Sonya
Published: January 2020

Medical Laboratory Scientists are certified professionals who conduct assays on body fluids and other biological samples.  To work in this profession one must earn a Bachelor of Science degree and complete a 12-month hospital internship.  In the current state, most Medical Laboratory Science students gain their hands-on portion of their experiences in hospital laboratories. This time is severely limited, however, and can lead to inexperience upon the recent graduate beginning work.  This article explores a grant-financed project to enhance the Medical Laboratory Science students’ Immunohematology experiences on campus prior to hospital experiences.  The goals of this exposure are to reduce hospital errors and produce more marketable experienced graduates.  This was accomplished through external grant funding, purchase of equipment and supplies, planning and management of a simulated immunohematology laboratory, and student participation in pre- and post-tests.  This work was made possible through a Louisiana Board of Regents grant and the support of the College of Nursing and Health Professions at McNeese State University.
Generating and Allocating Internal Revenue for Public Secondary School Administration in Cross River State
Authors: Nyeh Comfort Omori , Kpee G. G.
Published: January 2020

The design adopted for this study was correlation. Population of the study consisted of all the 504 public secondary schools principals in 18 LGAs in Cross Rivers State. However, purposive sampling technique was use to select the 504 principals a sample for the study. There were two research questions and two hypotheses formulated for the study. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection with 20 items and titled “Generation and Allocation of Internal Revenue for School Administration Questionnaire” (GAIRSAQ). The GAIRSAQ was validated by the researchers’ supervisors as well as two experts from Measurement and Evaluation in the Department of Psychology, Guidance and Counseling. Split half statistic associated with Spearman Brown prophecy formula was used to estimate the reliability of the questionnaire with co-efficient of 0.86. Mean, standard deviation and rank order were used to answer the research questions while z-test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that rentage, community assistance, PTA contributions, fund raising campaigns were among the strategies for generating revenue in public secondary schools in Cross River State. The study also showed that revenue was majorly allocated based on the urgency of the need and that revenues generated were utilized for different administrative needs such as provision of facilities, maintenance and day-to-day running of the school. Therefore, it was recommended among others that principals should develop an equitable revenue allocation formula for effective administration of public secondary schools in Cross River State.
Demographics, Risk Factors, and Negative Historical Events of Inpatients with a History of Sexual Abuse
Authors: Laser Julie Anne , Petersen Granger , Stephens Haily , DeRito David , Boeckel Jennifer
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this research is to better understand how those who have experienced a mental hospital inpatient stay are influenced by a history of sexual abuse. Both risk factors and negative historical events were investigated between those who had a sexual abuse history in an inpatient hospital and those in the inpatient hospital who did not have a sexual abuse history. It was found that sexual abuse exerts a profound influence on those in the mental hospital. For example, a sexual abuse history for inpatient men was twice the national average and over 4x the national average for inpatientwomen. Additionally, many of the risk factors and negative events were significantly different between the two inpatient sub-samples. It was also found that a sexual abuse history was related to more hospital stays and longer overall time in the hospital. It is hoped that this research can make a major contribution to improving trauma informed care with this population so that a history of sexual abuse does not undermine their well-being throughout their life span.
Analysis of The Effect of Gross Domestic Product, Exchange Rate, and Inflation on Balance of Payments in Indonesia
Authors: Rinaldi Muammar , Shinta Arida Hutagalung  , Muhammad Fitri Rahmadana
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze the effect of the short and long term gross domestic product, exchange rate, and inflation on Indonesia's balance of payments. The data used in this study are secondary data which is obtained indirectly with the period of 1995 to 2015. Data sources were obtained from Bank Indonesia and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The data collection method used in this study with the indirect method is documentation through recording or copying data from Bank Indonesia and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The analysis model used is Error Correction Mechanism (ECM). The results of this study indicate that the regression model of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) for the long term and Error Correction Model (ECM) regarding the effect of independent variables such as Interest Rates, Gross Domestic Product and Inflation Against the Dependent dependent variable in Indonesia, then it can some conclusions are presented, namely from several independent variables that are tried and included in the savings equation in Indonesia using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) for the long term and Error Correction Model (ECM) for the short term, namely the gross domestic product variable, the inflation rate, and exchange rate. In the long run there are 2 (two) significant variables, namely gross domestic product and the exchange rate. While inflation is not significant. For the short term, there is 1 (one) significant variable, namely the exchange rate. Thus, only exchange rate variables are significant in both the short and long term. With only 1 (one) significant independent variable both in the long term and short term, it can be concluded that the exchange rate in the long term and short term is the main determining factor that affects the Balance of Payments in Indonesia. In the long run, Independent variables such as Gross Domestic Product and the exchange rate on the dependent variable Balance of Payments in Indonesia have a significant effect on the dependent variable Balance of Payments. Whereas in the short run, the exchange rate variable has a significant effect, and for other independent variables such as the GDP variable and the inflation rate does not have a significant effect.
DETERMINANTS OF FEMINIZATION OF MIGRATION IN TSHOLOTSHO DISTRICT OF ZIMBABWE
Authors: Thebe Phillip
Published: January 2020

Tsholotsho District is one of the most significant contributors of migrants in Zimbabwe. Until recently, many of these migrants have been males, with females remaining behind assuming both feminine and masculine roles. Of late, however, females are increasingly venturing in migration expeditions. Why is this the case? Are women taking up economic roles in a society that has largely relegated them to familial responsibilities? What determines their increasing participation in a male dominated practice? These questions are answered in this paper based on a research conducted in Ward 5 of Tsholotsho District in 2016 as well as continued interaction with interlocutors till present day. The results indicated that reasons for feminized migration cut across different realms such as fleeing unfavourable economic conditions, to unite with their migrant spouses, to contribute towards diversifying household income sources, and fleeing unhappy marriages and burdensome familial controls among others. This led the researcher to firmly conclude that feminization of migration is a new reality and future of Tsholotsho’s migration trajectory, one that will be accompanied by resultant problems and opportunities. It will require therefore, careful migration management systems in the country to harness the benefits of this migration typology while offsetting the possible problems.
Exploring Stressors of the University Faculty members: A Comparative Study
Authors: Alboliteeh Mohammad
Published: January 2020

Stress is defined as a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important. This study focused on the manifestations and the sources of stress on faculty members of Hail University for the 2nd Semester of Academic Year 2018-2019.  A quantitative-comparative approach was employed in this study. There were 236 faculty who had participated in the study resulting to 94.4% response rate. Data collection started from February 2019 to April 2019. To measure manifestations and the sources of stress, the Total Teacher Concern Inventory was used. This consists of 48 distinct statements. Weighted mean, Analysis of Variance (F-test), and (t-test) were used.  All statistical analyses were performed at 0.05 level of significance. Results shows that the faculty disagreed that the sources of stress from work-related stressors (3.47). A significant difference between time management and sex (0.04) was determined. Likewise, a significant difference between gastrointestinal manifestations (0.01), behavioral manifestations (0.01) and the faculty’s age was obtained.
Counteracting Radicalism with Cultural Communication in Religious Practices
Authors: Kriyantono Rachmat
Published: January 2020

This study aims to analyze the relationship between religious habits and radical behavior (terrorism). It is assumed that individuals who adopt cultural values ​​in practicing religious worship will not carry out terrorist activities. Religion is not only a relationship with God but also a relationship with society. This research uses content analysis method on terrorism news in online media. This research found that most terrorists are people who do not have good quality social relations with the community, tend to be closed and aloof from social relations. Terrorists also do not engage in religious activities together, including not making culture a religious instrument. This research contributes to developing the study of terrorism communication in the Indonesian context.