bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of lidar aerosol extinction and backscatter coefficients to estimate cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations in the southeast Atlantic
Authors: Lenhardt Emily D. , Gao Lan , Redemann Jens , Xu Feng , Burton Sharon P. , Cairns Brian , Chang Ian , Ferrare Richard A. , Hostetler Chris A. , Saide Pablo E. , Howes Calvin , Shinozuka Yohei , Stamnes Snorre , Kacarab Mary , Dobracki Amie , Wong Jenny , Freitag Steffen , Nenes Athanasios
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Accurately capturing cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations is key to understanding the aerosol–cloud interactions that continue to feature the highest uncertainty amongst numerous climate forcings. In situ CCN observations are sparse, and most non-polarimetric passive remote sensing techniques are limited to providing column-effective CCN proxies such as total aerosol optical depth (AOD). Lidar measurements, on the other hand, resolve profiles of aerosol extinction and/or backscatter coefficients that are better suited for constraining vertically resolved aerosol optical and microphysical properties. Here we present relationships between aerosol backscatter and extinction coefficients measured by the airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar 2 (HSRL-2) and in situ measurements of CCN concentrations. The data were obtained during three deployments in the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) project, which took place over the southeast Atlantic (SEA) during
September 2016, August 2017, and September–October 2018. Our analysis of spatiotemporally collocated in situ CCN concentrations and
HSRL-2 measurements indicates strong linear relationships between both data
sets. The correlation is strongest for supersaturations (S) greater than 0.25 % and dry ambient conditions above the stratocumulus deck, where
relative humidity (RH) is less than 50 %. We find CCN–HSRL-2 Pearson
correlation coefficients between 0.95–0.97 for different parts of the
seasonal burning cycle that suggest fundamental similarities in biomass
burning aerosol (BBA) microphysical properties. We find that ORACLES
campaign-average values of in situ CCN and in situ extinction coefficients
are qualitatively similar to those from other regions and aerosol types,
demonstrating overall representativeness of our data set. We compute CCN–backscatter and CCN–extinction regressions that can be used to resolve vertical CCN concentrations across entire above-cloud lidar curtains. These lidar-derived CCN concentrations can be used to evaluate model performance, which we illustrate using an example CCN concentration curtain from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with physics packages from the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (WRF-CAM5).
These results demonstrate the utility of deriving vertically resolved CCN concentrations from lidar observations to expand the spatiotemporal coverage of limited or unavailable in situ observations.
Observation of horizontal temperature variations by a spatial heterodyne interferometer using single-sided interferograms
Authors: Ntokas Konstantin Franz Fotios , Ungermann Jörn , Kaufmann Martin , Neubert Tom , Riese Martin
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Analyses of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere suffer from a lack of global measurements. This is problematic because this region has a complex dynamic structure, with gravity waves playing an important role. A limb sounding spatial heterodyne interferometer (SHI) was developed to obtain atmospheric temperature retrieved from the O2 A-band emission, which can be used to derive gravity wave parameters in this region. The 2-D spatial distribution of the atmospheric scene is captured by a focal plane array. The SHI superimposes the spectral information onto the horizontal axis across the line-of-sight (LOS). In the usual case, the instrument exploits the horizontal axis to obtain spectral information and uses the vertical axis to get spatial information, i.e. temperature observations at the corresponding tangent points. This results in a finely resolved 1-D vertical atmospheric temperature profile. However, this method does not make use of the horizontal across LOS information contained in the data. In this manuscript a new processing method is investigated, which uses single-sided interferograms to gain horizontal across LOS information of the observed temperature field. Hereby, the interferogram is split and each side is mirrored at the center of the horizontal axis. Each side can then be used to retrieve an individual 1-D temperature profile. The location of the two retrieved temperature profiles is analysed using prescribed horizontal temperature variations, as it is needed for deriving wave parameters. We show that it is feasible to derive two independent temperature profiles, which however will increase the requirements of an accurate calibration and processing.
Effects of the super-powerful tropospheric western Pacific phenomenon of September–October 2018 on the ionosphere over China: results from oblique sounding
Authors: Chernogor Leonid F. , Garmash Kostiantyn P. , Guo Qiang , Rozumenko Victor T. , Zheng Yu
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Doppler measurements at oblique propagation paths from
the city of Harbin, the People's Republic of China (PRC), to 10 high-frequency (HF) radio
broadcast stations in the PRC, Japan, Mongolia, and the Republic of Korea
captured the response in the ionosphere to the activity of the super typhoon, Typhoon Kong-rey,
from 30 September to 6 October 2018. The Harbin Engineering University
coherent software-defined radio system generates the database containing
the complex amplitudes of the radio signals that have been acquired along 14 propagation
paths since 2018. The complex amplitudes are used for calculating the
temporal dependences of the Doppler spectra and signal amplitudes, and the
Doppler spectra are used to plot the Doppler shift as a function of time,
fD(t), for all rays. The scientific objectives of this study are to
reveal the possible perturbations caused by the activity of Typhoon Kong-rey
and to estimate the magnitudes of wave parameters of the ionospheric plasma
and radio signals. The amplitudes, fDa, of the Doppler shift variations
were observed to noticeably increase (factor of ∼2–3) on 1–2 and 5–6 October 2018, while the 20–120 min periods, T, of the Doppler
shift variations suggest that the wavelike disturbances in the ionosphere
are caused by atmospheric gravity waves. The periods and amplitudes of
quasi-sinusoidal variations in the Doppler shift, which have been determined
for all propagation paths, may be used to estimate the amplitudes, δNa, of quasi-sinusoidal variations in the electron density. Thus,
T≈20 min and fDa≈0.1 Hz yield δNa≈0.4 %, whereas T≈30 min and
fDa≈0.2 Hz give δNa≈1.2 %. If
T≈60 min and fDa≈0.5 Hz, then δNa≈6 %. The periods T are found to change within the
15–120 min limits, and the Doppler shift amplitudes, fDa, show
variability within the 0.05–0.4 Hz limits.
Testing the influence of light on nitrite cycling rates in eastern tropical North Pacific
Authors: Travis Nicole M. , Kelly Colette L. , Casciotti Karen L.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Light is considered a strong controlling factor on nitrification rates in the surface ocean. Previous work has shown that ammonia oxidation and nitrite oxidation may be inhibited by high light levels, yet active nitrification has been measured in the sunlit surface ocean. While it is known that photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) influences microbial nitrite production and consumption, the level of inhibition of nitrification is variable across datasets. Additionally, phytoplankton have light-dependent mechanisms for nitrite production and consumption that co-occur with nitrification around the depths of the primary nitrite maximum (PNM). In this work, we experimentally determined the direct influence of light level on net nitrite production, including all major nitrite cycling processes (ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation, nitrate reduction, nitrite uptake) in microbial communities collected from the base of the euphotic zone. We found that although ammonia oxidation was inhibited at the depth of the PNM and was further inhibited by increasing light at all stations, it remained the dominant nitrite production process at most stations and treatments, even up to 25 % surface PAR. Nitrate addition did not enhance ammonia oxidation in our experiments, but may have increased nitrate and nitrite uptake at a coastal station. In contrast to ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation was not clearly inhibited by light, and sometimes even increased at higher light levels. Thus, accumulation of nitrite at the PNM may be modulated by changes in light, but light perturbations did not exclude nitrification from the surface ocean. Nitrite uptake and nitrate reduction were both enhanced in high light treatments relative to low light, and in some cases showed high rates in the dark. Overall, net nitrite production rates of PNM communities were highest in the dark treatments.
Introduction of a Trans-scale Numerical Simulation Framework Focusing on Urban Boundary Layer: WOCSS V1.0
Authors: Li Wei , Leng Shuo , Li Sunwei , Hu Zhenzhong , Chan Pakwai
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In the field of geoscience, the meso-scale tool to conduct weather forecast, which is also termed as Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) package, is commonly used for simulating the urban boundary layer in the scale of 1 km~100 km. In the field of wind engineering, the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation tool is most popular for investigating the urban wind environment at the scale of 1 m~1 km. In the present study, a novel framework, named WOCSS with the version v1.0, combing the meso-scale NWP package of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model and the micro-scale OpenFOAM code is introduced thanks to an open-source package of PreCICE. In detail, PreCICE realizes the trans-scale simulation of the urban wind environment through one-way nesting of porting the meso-scale simulation results to the boundaries of the micro-scale simulation. To this end, the adaptions made to the open-sourced codes of WRF and OpenFOAM are articulated, which fulfil the information exchanges between WRF and OpenFOAM via PreCICE library. A case study concerning the urban wind environment in a residential quarter in Shenzhen, China is conducted using WOCSS V1.0. The case study demonstrates that the proposed framework successfully presents the detailed wind environment inside the residential quarter under realistic meteorological condition.
Anthropogenic activities significantly increase annual greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from temperate headwater streams in Germany
Authors: Mwanake Ricky Mwangada , Gettel Gretchen Maria , Wangari Elizabeth Gachibu , Glaser Clarissa , Houska Tobias , Breuer Lutz , Butterbach-Bahl Klaus , Kiese Ralf
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Anthropogenic activities increase the contributions of inland waters to global greenhouse gas (GHG; CO2, CH4, and N2O) budgets, yet the mechanisms driving these increases are still not well constrained. In this study, we quantified year-long GHG concentrations and fluxes, as well as water physico-chemical variables from 23 streams, 3 ditches, and 2 wastewater inflow sites across five headwater catchments in Germany contrasted by land use. Using mixed-effects models, we determined the overall impact of land use and seasonality on the intra-annual variabilities of these parameters. We found that land use was more significant than seasonality in controlling the intra-annual variability of GHG concentrations and fluxes. Agricultural land use and wastewater inflows in settlement areas resulted in up to 10 times higher daily riverine CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions than forested areas, as substrate inputs by these sources appeared to favor in situ GHG production processes. Dissolved GHG inputs directly from agricultural runoff and waste-water inputs also contributed substantially to the annual emissions from these sites. Drainage ditches were hotspots for CO2 and CH4 fluxes due to high dissolved organic matter concentrations, which appeared to favor in situ production via respiration and methanogensis. Overall, the annual emission from anthropogenic-influenced streams in CO2-equivalents was up to 20 times higher (~71 kg CO2 m-2 yr-1) than from natural streams (~3 kg CO2 m-2 yr-1). Future studies aiming to estimate the contribution of lotic ecosystems to GHG emissions should therefore focus on anthropogenically perturbed streams, as their GHG emission are much more variable in space and time.
Neural Network Model for Automated Prediction of Avalanche Danger Level
Authors: Sharma Vipasana , Kumar Sushil , Sushil Rama
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Snow avalanches cause danger to human lives and property worldwide in high-altitude mountainous regions. Mathematical models based on past data records can predict the danger level. In this paper, we are proposing a neural network model for predicting avalanches. The model is trained with a quality-controlled sub-dataset of Swiss Alps. Training accuracy of 79.75 % and validation accuracy of 76.54 % have been achieved. Comparative analysis of neural network and random forest models concerning metrics like precision, recall, and F1 has also been carried out.
Evaluation of bias correction methods for a multivariate drought index: case study of the Upper Jhelum Basin
Authors: Ansari Rubina , Casanueva Ana , Liaqat Muhammad Usman , Grossi Giovanna
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Bias correction (BC) is often a necessity to improve the applicability of
global and regional climate model (GCM and RCM, respectively) outputs to
impact assessment studies, which usually depend on multiple potentially
dependent variables. To date, various BC methods have been developed which
adjust climate variables separately (univariate BC) or jointly (multivariate
BC) prior to their application in impact studies (i.e., the component-wise
approach). Another possible approach is to first calculate the multivariate
hazard index from the original, biased simulations and bias-correct the
impact model output or index itself using univariate methods (direct
approach). This has the advantage of circumventing the difficulties
associated with correcting the inter-variable dependence of climate
variables which is not considered by univariate BC methods. Using a multivariate drought index (i.e., standardized precipitation
evapotranspiration index – SPEI) as an example, the present
study compares different state-of-the-art BC methods (univariate and
multivariate) and BC approaches (direct and component-wise) applied to
climate model simulations stemming from different experiments at different
spatial resolutions (namely Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), CORDEX Coordinated Output for Regional Evaluations (CORDEX-CORE), and 6th Coupled Intercomparison Project (CMIP6)). The BC methods
are calibrated and evaluated over the same historical period (1986–2005).
The proposed framework is demonstrated as a case study over a transboundary
watershed, i.e., the Upper Jhelum Basin (UJB) in the Western Himalayas. Results show that (1) there is some added value of multivariate BC methods
over the univariate methods in adjusting the inter-variable relationship;
however, comparable performance is found for SPEI indices. (2) The best-performing BC methods exhibit a comparable performance under both approaches
with a slightly better performance for the direct approach. (3) The added
value of the high-resolution experiments (CORDEX-CORE) compared to their
coarser-resolution counterparts (CORDEX) is not apparent in this study.
Modelling concentration heterogeneities in streets using the street-network model MUNICH
Authors: Sarica Thibaud , Maison Alice , Roustan Yelva , Ketzel Matthias , Jensen Steen Solvang , Kim Youngseob , Chaillou Christophe , Sartelet Karine
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Populations in urban areas are exposed to high local concentrations of pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter, because of unfavorable dispersion conditions and the proximity to traffic. To simulate these concentrations over cities, models like the street-network model MUNICH (Model of Urban Network of Intersecting Canyons and Highways) rely on parameterizations to represent the air flow and the concentrations of pollutants in streets. In the current version MUNICH v2.0, concentrations are assumed to be homogeneous in each street segment. A new version of MUNICH where the street volume is discretized is developed to represent the street gradients and better estimate people exposure. Three vertical levels are defined in each street segment. A horizontal discretization is also introduced under specific conditions by considering two zones with a parameterization taken from the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM). Simulations are performed over two districts of Copenhagen, Denmark, and one district of Greater Paris, France. Results show an improvement of the comparison to observations with higher concentrations at the bottom of the street, closer to traffic, of pollutants emitted by traffic (NOx, black carbon, organic matter). Finally, a sensitivity analysis to the influence of the street network highlights the importance to use the model MUNICH with a network rather than with a single street.
Development of an integrated socio-hydrological modeling framework for assessing the impacts of shelter location arrangement and human behaviors on flood evacuation processes
Authors: Du Erhu , Wu Feng , Jiang Hao , Guo Naliang , Tian Yong , Zheng Chunmiao
Published: April 2023

Abstract. In many flood-prone areas, it is essential for emergency responders to use
advanced computer models to assess flood risk and develop informed flood
evacuation plans. However, previous studies have had a limited understanding of
how evacuation performance is affected by the arrangement of evacuation
shelters (with respect to their number and geographical distribution) and human
behaviors (with respect to the heterogeneity of household evacuation preparation
times and route-searching strategies). In this study, we develop an
integrated socio-hydrological modeling framework that couples (1) a
hydrodynamic model for flood simulation, (2) an agent-based model for
evacuation management policies and human behaviors, and (3) a transportation
model for simulating household evacuation processes in a road network. We
apply the model to the Xiong'an New Area and examine household evacuation
outcomes for various shelter location plans and human behavior scenarios.
The results show that household evacuation processes are significantly
affected by the number and geographical distribution of evacuation shelters.
Surprisingly, we find that establishing more shelters may not improve
evacuation results if the shelters are not strategically located. We also
find that low heterogeneity in evacuation preparation times can result in
heavy traffic congestion and long evacuation clearance times. If each
household selects their own shortest route without considering the effects
of other evacuees' route choices, traffic congestion will likely occur,
thereby reducing system-level evacuation performance. These results
demonstrate the unique functionality of our model with respect to supporting flood risk
assessment and advancing our understanding of how multiple management and
behavioral factors jointly affect evacuation performance.
Multiple mechanisms for chlorophyll a concentration variations in coastal upwelling regions: a case study east of Hainan Island in the South China Sea
Authors: Li Junyi , Li Min , Wang Chao , Zheng Quanan , Xu Ying , Zhang Tianyu , Xie Lingling
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Using satellite observations from 2003 to 2020 and cruise
observations from 2019 and 2021, this study reveals an unexpected minor role
of upwelling in seasonal and interannual variations in chlorophyll a (Chl a)
concentrations in the coastal upwelling region east of Hainan Island (UEH)
in the northwestern South China Sea (NWSCS). The results show strong
seasonal and interannual variability in the Chl a concentration in the core
upwelling area of the UEH. Different from the strongest upwelling in summer,
the Chl a concentration in the UEH area reaches a maximum of 1.18 mg m−3
in autumn and winter, with a minimum value of 0.74 mg m−3 in summer.
The Chl a concentration in summer increases to as high as 1.0 mg m−3 with
weak upwelling, whereas the maximum Chl a concentration in October increases
to 2.5 mg m−3. The analysis of environmental factors shows that,
compared to the limited effects of upwelling, the along-shelf coastal
current from the northern shelf and the increased precipitation are
crucially important to the Chl a concentration variation in the study area.
These results provide new insights for predicting marine productivity in
upwelling areas, i.e., multiple mechanisms, especially horizontal advection,
should be considered in addition to the upwelling process.
Characteristics of the 1979–2020 Antarctic firn layer simulated with IMAU-FDM v1.2A
Authors: Veldhuijsen Sanne B. M. , van de Berg Willem Jan , Brils Max , Kuipers Munneke Peter , van den Broeke Michiel R.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Firn simulations are essential for understanding Antarctic ice sheet
mass change, as they enable us to convert satellite altimetry observed
volume changes to mass changes and column thickness to ice thickness and
to quantify the meltwater buffering capacity of firn. Here, we present
and evaluate a simulation of the contemporary Antarctic firn layer
using the updated semi-empirical IMAU Firn Densification Model (IMAU-FDM) for the period
1979–2020. We have improved previous fresh-snow density and firn
compaction parameterizations and used updated atmospheric forcing. In
addition, the model has been calibrated and evaluated using 112 firn core density observations across the ice sheet. We found that 62 %
of the seasonal and 67 % of the decadal surface height variability
are due to variations in firn air content rather than firn
mass. Comparison of simulated surface elevation change with a
previously published multi-mission altimetry product for the period
2003–2015 shows that performance of the updated model has improved,
notably in Dronning Maud Land and Wilkes Land. However, a substantial
trend difference (>10 cm yr−1) remains in the Antarctic
Peninsula and Ellsworth Land, mainly caused by uncertainties in the
spin-up forcing. By estimating previous climatic conditions from ice
core data, these trend differences can be reduced by 38 %.
Compression anastomoses in colon surgery (literature review)
Authors: Vasilkin D. I. , Dambaev G. Ts. , Soloviev M. M. , Fatyushina O. A. , Vlasov A. A.
Published: April 2023

А review of domestic and foreign literature on compression methods for the formation of colonic anastomoses is presented in the paper.

Despite advances in the improvement of the manual suture of the colon, the frequency of postoperative complications remains high – 68.7%, while mortality ranges from 1% to 26%. Thus, it was not possible to achieve the absolute reliability of the traditional manual suture in the formation of colonic anastomoses.

Compression anastomosis has an advantage over manual. When forming an anastomosis using a compression method, a decrease in time was noted, ease of creating an anastomosis, a significant decrease in postoperative complications and a high quality of the formed anastomoses, confirmed by morphological studies.
Preclinical safety study of local use of the directed ozone gas flow in abdominal surgery
Authors: Vinnik Yu. S. , Teplyakova O. V. , Malinovskaya N. A. , Kirichenko A. K. , Yakimov S. V. , Erguleeva A. D. , Ponedelnik D. N. , Matveev I. A.
Published: April 2023

Purpose of the study: to assess the patho-histological changes in the intact pancreas and parietal peritoneum against the background of the directed ozone gas flow.

Material and methods. The prospective study was conducted in 54 adult male Wistar rats. In 1st and 2nd groups (n = 24, each) the left pancreatic lobe and parietal peritoneum, respectively, was treated with a 40 mg/L ozone gas stream at a rate of 2 L/min for 1.5 minutes. 1, 3, 30 and 120 days after the first operation 6 animals of each groups were sacrificed and tissue specimens were collected for histological analysis. In the control group (6 sham operated animals), tissue samples were collected 120 days after laparotomy.

Results. A day after treatment with ozone gas stream, the pancreatic specimens of 1st group differed from the control in moderate and mild perivascular infiltration and edema. In the period from 3 to 120 days after exposure, the pancreatic specimens of 1st group and control did not differ significantly. Specimens of 2nd group differed from the control degree of edema and infiltration in the first 3 days, the level of proliferation of fibroblast-like cells and fibrosis in 120 days after treatment of the parietal peritoneum with a directed ozone gas stream.

Conclusion. Local use of the directed ozone gas flow at a concentration of 40 mg/L at a rate of 2 L/min is accompanied by the same type of patho-histological changes from the intact pancreas and parietal peritoneum in the form of mild to moderate edema, perivascular polymorphic cell infiltration in the early period after exposure. Late parietal peritoneum reaction (moderate events fibroblast-like cell proliferation and fibrosis) requires additional safety studies of intraabdominal use of ozone-oxygen mixture.
PENYULUHAN KPSP UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG PERKEMBANGAN BALITA
Authors: Rambe Nova Linda , BR. Sebayang Wellina , Nisa Khairun
Published: April 2023

World Health Organizations mengungkapkan bahwa sekitar 43% atau 250 juta anak-anak di negara berpenghasilan rendah mengalami permasalahan dalam tumbuh kembang anak. Diperkirakan sekitar 5-10% anak mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan, namun untuk penyebab utama tidak dapat di ketahui secara pasti. Untuk Indonesia sendiri terdapat 10% atau sekitar 23,7 juta jumlah akan anak balita. Dari jumlah tersabut dapat di perkirakan sekitar 1-3% balita di Indonesia mengalami masalah tumbuh kembang. Adapun rancangan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi Exsperimental yaitu Pretest Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group Design.Desain yang memberikan pretest sebelum dikenakan perlakuan, serta posttest sesudah dikenakan perlakuan pada masing-masing kelompok. Penelitian ini menggunakan 40 ibu yang memiliki balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini agar ibu dapat mendeteksi dini masalah penyimpangan perkembangan pada balita. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan karakteristik usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, serta jumlah anak yang di peroleh hasil 83,4% yang mengikuti penyuluhan adalah ibu dengan usia 20-35 tahun, dengan tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK yaitu sebesar 63,8% , berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga, dan 66,6 % memiliki ≥ 2 orang anak. Tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap perkembangan balita hanya 39% ibu yang memilki dasar pemahaman, kemudian setelah di berikan penyuluhan mengalami peningkatan sebesar 83 %. Kesimpulan Penyuluhan KPSP untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang perkembangan balita, memang harus di berikan kepada ibu-ibu yang memiliki balita apalagi untuk ibu muda.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG DAMPAK KEHAMILAN REMAJA TERHADAP KESEHATAN DI SMK IMELDA MEDAN
Authors: BR Sebayang Wellina , Rambe Nova Linda , Harahap Sukma Aden Nurintan
Published: April 2023

Kehamilan Remaja memiliki risiko komplikasi mengalami kegawatan dalam persalinan, baik maternal maupun neonatal. Organ reproduksi yang masih dalam masa perkembangan belum matang sempurna dan harus memenuhi kebutuhan janin dalam kandungan menjadi salah satu factor penyebab risiko kehamilan remaja.. Tujuan   Penyuluhan kesehatan kepada masyarakat disini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan  remaja terkait risiko dan dampak kehamilan pada usia dini.

Jenis metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan memberikan penyuluhan mengenai dampak kehamilan remaja terhadap kesehatan, jumlah responden 30 orang, kegiatan penyuluhan pada September 2022. Penyampaian informasi dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dan tanya jawab. Gambaran pengetahuan responden dapat dilihat setelah melakukan tanya jawab dengan remaja sebelum diadakan penyuluhan kesehatan dampak kehamilan remaja terhadap kesehatan.  Peningkatan pengetahuan responden diketahui dengan melakukan evaluasi setelah dilakukan penyuluhan. Berdasarkan hasil tanya jawab pretest penyuluhan didapatkan bahwa hanya 6 peserta (20,0 %) peserta dengan pengetahuan kategori baik. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan peserta kategori baik menjadi 83,3 %. Capaian hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini yaitu laporan jurnal publikasi dengan judul : “ Penyuluhan tentang Dampak Kehamilan Remaja terhadap Kesehatan di SMK Imelda Medan”.
SOSIALISASI SISTEM PENYIMPANAN REKAM MEDIS DI UPT PUSKESMAS PADANG BULAN SELAYANG II TAHUN 2022
Authors: Simanjuntak Esraida , Sryendang Mei , Lubis Siti Permata Sari , Ritonga Zulham Andi , Soraya Ani
Published: April 2023

Puskesmas merupakan salah satu sarana pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat, dimana dalam pelayanan tersebut terdapat pelayanan rekam medis. Pelyanan rekam medis merupakan adalah kegiatan menjaga, memelihara dan melayani rekam medis baik secara manual maupun elektronik sampai menyajikan informasi kesehatan di Puskesmas. Puskesmas PB Selayang II belum melaksanakan sistem penyimpanan rekam medis dikarenakan puskesmas tersebut hanya melayani pasien rawat jalan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk membuat SOP sistem penyimpanan rekam medis, menerapkan sistem penyimpanan rekam medis dan tracer di puskesmas. Metode yang digunakan adalah project based learning. Hasil dari pengabdian ini adalah bertambahnya pengetahuan petugas rekam medis mengenai sistem penyimpanan rekam medis dan tracer. Pembuatan SOP dan tracer di UPT puskesmas PB Selayanng II. Pengabdian ini berhasil dilaksanakan berkat kerjasama yang baik antara tim pelaksana, mahasiswa, petugas puskesmas dan kepala UPT Puskesmas PB Selayang II serta Dinas Kesehatan Kota Medan.
PENERAPAN TERAPI RENDAM KAKI AIR HANGAT PADA LANSIA DENGAN INSOMNIA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DI KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Anisa Astri , Indah Puspitasari  , Listyorini Meria Woro
Published: April 2023

Latar Belakang : Insomnia merupakan masalah kesehatan berupa gangguan tidur yang dialami oleh lansia. Insomnia memiliki beberapa dampak diantaranya mudah lelah, gangguan memori, dan mudah marah, untuk menghindari dampak tersebut dapat dilakukan terapi rendam kaki air hangat. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan terapi rendam kaki air hangat pada lansia untuk penurunan insomnia di wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Bekasi Jaya serta mengetahui hasil pemberian asuhan keperawatan kepada lansia insomnia dengan pendekatan proses keperawatan. Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pengambilan data pada kasus dengan Observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi catatan keperawatan dan partisipasi aktif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) dan Epworth Sleep Scale (ESS). Subjek: Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 5 orang lansia usia 60-67 tahun yang mengalami gangguan tidur atau insomnia. Hasil: Hasil studi kasus ini dapat bahwa penerapan terapi rendam kaki air hangat yang diinstrusikan langsung oleh penulis kepada subyek dapat berpengaruh terhadap perubahan skala Insomnia Severity Index dan Epworth Sleep Scale yang dilakukan secara rutin selama 5 hari berturut-turut. Hasil dalam studi ini menunjukkan rata-rata skala Insomnia Severity Index sebelum dilakukan terapi rendam kaki air hangat yaitu 10-9 atau insomnia berat dan sesudah dilakukan terapi rendam kaki air hangat yaitu 0-2 atau tidak ada insomnia. Sedangkan hasil dalam studi ini menunjukkan rata-rata skala Epworth Sleep Scale sebelum dilakukan terapi rendam kaki air hangat yaitu 11-7 atau insomnia berat dan sesudah dilakukan terapi rendam kaki air hangat yaitu 3-2 atau insomnia ringan dan tidak ada insomnia. Rekomendasikan : Bagi pasien gangguan tidur atau insomnia dapat melakukan penerapan terapi rendam kaki air hangat secara mandiri yang dilakukan 1 kali sehari di siang hari sebelum tidur.
ANALISIS ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA ANAK DENGAN PENERAPAN TERAPI KOMPRES ALOEVERA TERHADAP PENURUNAN SUHU TUBUH
Authors: Saragih Nurul Habibah , Lestari Raja Fitrina
Published: April 2023

Gejala awal terjadinya demam biasanya disebabkan oleh infeksi, penyakit autoimun, keganasan, ataupun obat-obatan. Intervensi non farmakologi masih minim digunakan salah satunya terapi kompres aloevera. Tujuan terapi kompres aloevera ini digunakan untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh anak yang mengalami hipertermi dengan suhu 37,50c-38,50c. Penerapan terapi kompres loevera ini dilakukan selama 15 menit, lokasi pengompresan pada dahi, aksila, dan lipatan paha anak dan dilakukan observasi suhu tubuh anak selama 5 menit, 10 menit, dan 15 menit setelah pengompresan aloevera. Hasil yang didapatkan saat penerapan intervensi kompres aloevera Pada An.M dengan hipertermi di ruang rawat inap adelweis RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau, bahwa sebelum dan sesudah intervensi diberikan mengalami penurunan suhu tubuh anak, sebelum diberikan kompres aloevera suhu tubuh anak 37,50C sedangkan setelah diberikan kompres aloevera suhu tubuh anak menjadi 36,60C. Berdasarkan hasil pengkajian, diagnosa, rencana asuhan keperawatan, implementasi dan evaluasi serta penerapan evidence based nursing didapatkan pengaruh dan terbukti efektif pemberian terapi kompres aloevera untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh anak. Perawat dapat menambah intervensi tambahan pada anak hipertermi dengan melakukan terapi kompres aloevera.
PENGARUH TERAPI AKUPRESUR TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE II DI POLIKLINIK RUMAH SAKIT UMUM IMELDA PEKERJA INDONESIA MEDAN TAHUN 2022
Authors: Herlina Meriani , Berutu Heriaty , Mastari Ekawaty Suryani , Siburian Christine Handayani , Silalahi Bernita , Noradina Noradina , Simarmata Ester Ria
Published: April 2023

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah penyakit menahun (Kronis) berupa gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan kadar gula darah yang melebihi batas normal. Diabetes Melitus dikenal sebagai silent killer karna sering tidak disadari oleh penyandangnya dan saat diketahui sudah terjadi komplikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Terapi Akupresur terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pasien DM Tipe II. Penelitian dilakukan di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan, pada bulan Juli 2022 sampai Agustus 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian Quasy Eksperiment ini  menggunakan pendekatan pre test and post test with control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 40 responden dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 20 responden yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Dan dianalisis secara Univariat dan Bivariat menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara dua kelompok terhadap pengaruh terapi akupresur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh terapi akupresur terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah adalah p-value = 0,005 < 0,05 dapat disimpulkan adanya pengaruh terapi akupresur terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pasien DM Tipe II di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Umum Imelda Pekerja Indonesia Medan. Disarankan kepada hasil penelitian ini diharapkan sebagai informasi bagi pasien diabetes melitus untuk melakukan secara mandiri terapi akupresur dan bagi rumah sakit imelda pekerja indonesia untuk memasukan unsur terapi akupresur sebagai bahan kajian dalam pengelolaan pasien diabetes melitus tipe II.
PERSEPSI DAN KESIAPAN DIRI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI INTERPROFESSIONAL EDUCATION DI UNIVERSITAS SAM RATULANGI MANADO
Authors: Katuuk Mario Esau , Masengi Angelina Stevany Regina , Supit Ollivia Enggelina
Published: April 2023

Kebutuhan akan sistem pembelajaran interprofessional education berawal dari semakin kompleksnya penanganan dan kebutuhan pasien dalam pelayanan kesehatan dan pelayanan sosial, sehingga memerlukan koordinasi dan kolaborasi pelayanan kesehatan yang efektif. Perguruan tinggi penyelenggara pendidikan kesehatan didorong untuk mengimplementasikan interprofessional education dengan melakukan pengkajian kesiapan dan persepsi mahasiswa terkait interprofessional education. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi persepsi dan kesiapan diri mahasiswa program sarjana di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado terkait dengan implementasi interprofessional education. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang didistribusikan menggunakan format isian dalam jaringan. Analisis data univariat dilakukan dan hasil disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden memiliki persepsi yang baik tentang interprofessional education (97,9%). Gambaran yang relative sama ditemukan untuk kesiapan diri dimana 75,9% responden memiliki kesiapan diri yang baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari deskripsi persepsi dan kesiapan diri mahasiswa menunjukkan adanya peluang bagi institusi pendidikan untuk mengembangkan dan menerapkan system pembelajaran interprofesi khususnya dibidang kesehatan sebagai upaya meningkatkan komunikasi dan kolaborasi serta pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas.
Beginning Reading Instruction: Application of Theory and Research to Practice
Authors: Wolf Gail M.
Published: April 2023

Learning theories are important as beginning reading teachers strive to meet the diverse needs of many kinds of learners. This article explores the learning principles of three theoretical experts (a) Jean Piaget, (b) Lev Vygotsky, and (c) Maria Montessori. The paper demonstrates the application of these experts’ theories related to constructivism and pragmatism educational philosophies, and the process of teaching young children to read. It is concluded, decades of relevant learning theory and beginning reading research exist. It is now time for application of theory and research, bridging what we know into our classroom practice.
An Analysis of the Grammatical Errors in the Written English Compositions of JSS 1 Pupils in Five Junior Secondary Schools in Bo City, Southern Sierra Leone
Authors: Libbie Josephus K. L. , Challay Saidu , Dimoh Claude A.
Published: April 2023

This study focuses on the grammatical errors in the essays written by JSS1 pupils in five junior secondary schools in Bo city. It aims at identifying the errors occurring in the use English grammar by pupils, classifying the errors, determining their frequency levels and their sources. The descriptive survey design was used in this study, where out of a population of 853 pupils, 250 pupils were used a sample for this study. Each of the pupils was asked to write an essay, and the scripts were marked to identify all grammatical errors made by the pupils. From this study, it was discovered that out of 250 scripts, 32% of the pupils were not able to communicate their thoughts meaningfully. Out of the comprehensible scripts the following errors were identified and their frequencies: wrong use of tense 29.54%, errors in spelling 24.67%, errors in the choice of words 13.13%, wrong use of prepositions 7.79%, verb addition errors 5.84%, preposition addition errors 4.87%, pronoun addition, subject-verb agreement errors, wrong use of pronouns, plural and verb omission errors all received 1.62% each. The study further revealed that a good number of errors discovered from students’ writings were intralingual errors.
Fentanyl-Propofol Versus Ketamine-Propofol Combination for Sedation and Recovery in ERCP: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Javaid Hanya , Riasat Muhammad Imran , Shah Syed Junaid , Hashmi Maria , Khurana Sagar , Sultan Farjad
Published: April 2023

Objective: The main goal of this study was to investigate the groups receiving fentanyl-propofol (fentP) against ketamine-propofol (ketP) in ERCP in terms of sedation, rescue sedation requirement, and recovery scores. Additionally, evaluated were the procedure's hemodynamic changes, postoperative pain score, complications, and endoscopist satisfaction. Methodology: A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was undertaken at the Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi's endoscopic room (DUHS) for six months. By using OPEN EPI sample size calculator, sample size was calculated. A total of 124 patients for elective ERCP were randomized into two groups by SNOSE protocol. Groups A and B, fentanyl-propofol (fentP) and ketamine-propofol (ketP), respectively, each contain 62 patients. All patients were given a loading dose of propofol 0.5 mg/kg, followed by a 75 ug/kg/minute infusion. The group fentP received fentanyl 1ml/kg (1 ug/kg) and the group ketP received ketamine 1ml/kg (0.5mg/kg). Ramsay sedation scores, the necessity for rescue sedation, and the Aldrete score post-operatively were noted. Hemodynamics during surgery and complications were also noted. Results: Sedation began noticeably earlier than usual in the group B at 0, 2 and 4 minutes (p-value <0.05), whereas sedation scores were higher in the group A at 8,10, and 15 minutes (p-value <0.05). Early sedation in the group B led to less consumption of rescue sedation doses (p-value <0.01). However, recovery scores were comparable in each groups (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: We were able to conclude that during ERCP, ketP had a significantly faster sedative onset than fentP, with less complication and a quicker recovery. Keywords: Propofol, KetP, FentP, ketamine, fentanyl, Sedation, Analgesia, ERCP, Monitored Anesthesia care.
Cross Infection Control Awareness During 5th Wave of Covid 19 Pandemic, Omicron Variant Amongst the Dental Health Care Professionals of Government Sector University in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Shah Hina , Talha Sadaf , Rizvi Syed Mohsin Ahmed , Irshad Marium , Nisar Nazish , Fatima Aruba
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the awareness of cross-infection control measures followed by DHCPs during the 5th wave of Covid-19 pandemic, Omicron variant in a government sector university of Karachi, Pakistan. Method: A Cross-sectional study was conducted from June till September 2022 at Sindh Institute of Oral Health Science during the 5th wave of Covid 19 pandemic, Omicron variant. Data was collected from 153 DHCPs from government sector university using a self-administered questionnaire, comprising of 20 closed ended question to assess the awareness and practice of cross infection protocols by DHCPs. Results: 98.7% of the participants were vaccinated against Covid 19. 96% of the participants used surgical gowns, face shields, and face masks as part of PPE during examining patients and while performing procedure. After treatment 99.3% of participants washed hands with hand wash, soap or used antiseptic solution. 77.1% of participants asked for Covid 19 test report and 68.6% of participants asked for proof of vaccination against covid 19 before treating patients. 96.1% of participants recommended disinfection of dental unit after every patient. 98% of participants changed glove after every patient. 88.2% of the participants said they would carry all elective and emergency procedures. Conclusion: The results of this study show that DHCPs practicing at government sector university have adequate knowledge regarding prevention of cross infection protocols and their importance to limit spread of infections. But their practice of prevention of cross infection during Covid 19 pandemic is not ideal as percentage of DHCPs requiring proof of vaccination or negative reports for Covid 19 were rather low and the percentage of DHCPs willing to carry elective procedures along with emergency ones was rather high. Keywords: Covid 19 pandemic, Omicron virus, cross infection control protocols, omicron
Impaired Glucose Tolerance in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Anwar Bushra , . Faiza , Malik Sarwar , Qasim Muhammad , Fayaz Malik , Khalid Shah
Published: April 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome first described by Stein and Leventhal, is a complex genetic trait of unclear etiology characterized by Oligomenorrhea or anovulation, biochemical or clinical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovarian morphology on ultrasonography. Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome have an increased risk of developing impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to determine the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Study Duration: This study was conducted in the Department of Endocrinology Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from 1st Nov 2021 to 30th April 2022. Materials and Methods: All patients with age range 16 to 40 years who were diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome were included in the study. Age, ovarian volume, clinical signs of hyperandrogenism, menstrual abnormalities, serum testosterone, blood glucose at baseline and following 75g of oral glucose load, Body mass index etc. were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS-23. Results: Among 139 patients, 35(25.2%) were in the age range 16-25 years while 104(74.8%) were in the age range 26-40 years. Mean age was 28.6(SD±4.2) years. 69(49.6%) patients had BMI> 30 Kg/m2, 60(43.2%) had BMI between 25-29.9 Kg/m2, while only 10(7.2%) patients had their BMI within normal range (18.5-24.9). Mean BMI was 30.7 Kg/m2 (SD±4.4). 47(33.8%) patients had ovarian volume less than 25ml while, 92(66.2%) had ovarian volume greater than 25ml. Mean ovarian volume was 25.5(SD±6.7). 106(76.3%) patients had serum testosterone less than 70ng/dl while, 33(23.7%) had serum testosterone greater than 70ng/dl. Mean serum testosterone was 48.8(SD±26.4). Hirsutism and Acne was observed in 92 (66.2%) and 91(65.5%) patients respectively. 75 (54%) women had positive family history of Diabetes, 56 (40.3%) had family history of polycystic ovary syndrome and 71 (51.1%) patients had past or current history of oral contraceptive pills. Impaired glucose tolerance was found in 52(37.4%) patients. Post stratification results were statistically significant. Conclusions: The prevalence of impaired Glucose tolerance with polycystic ovary syndrome can be as high as 37.4%. Increasing age and Body Mass Index, raise serum testosterone level and increasing ovarian volume are significant predictors for developing impaired glucose tolerance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Keywords: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Predictive Factors.
Adult Population Dynamics of the European Grapevine Moth [Lobesia botrana Denis & Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] in Midyat Vineyards
Authors: ARGIŞ Fuat , RİŞVANLI Mehmet Ramazan , ATLIHAN Remzi
Published: April 2023

The study was conducted to determine the adult population change, the period when they are active in nature, and the number of generations of the European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana [Denis & Schiffermüller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)]. The study was carried out in vineyards having the Mazruni variety (unregistered), which is the most common grape in Midyat district of Mardin province, between 2014 and 2015. The results indicated that adults of the moths were first encountered in the pheromone traps in early April, and the pest population was high in both years (an average of 2173 adults/traps in 2014 and 1615 adults/traps in 2015). According to the results, the pest gives three generations, and three or four peaks (three main peaks during the season and a low peak at the end of the season) occur in the vegetation period of grapes. These peaks coincide with the flowering period (May 8-16), the berry (chickpea size) period (June 27-July 6), the sweetening period of the grains (July 27-August 15), and the sweetening-harvest period (September 17-19), respectively. The pest remains active in vineyards for approximately seven months, thereafter overwinters between late October and early November. The results obtained provide essential information that helps pest control at the appropriate time.