bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mantle of the Expert: Drama en actieonderzoek in het kunstonderwijs
Authors: Selderslaghs Bob
Published: December 2020

Bij Mantle of the Expert wordt drama als leermiddel ingezet. Het is een onderwijsbenadering die werd ontwikkeld in het Verenigd Koninkrijk en intussen ook voet aan de grond krijgt in Vlaanderen. Het basisidee van Mantle of the Expert is dat leerlingen hun schoolcurriculum afwerken alsof ze een groep experten zijn: wetenschappers in een laboratorium, archeologen die een tombe uitgraven, een reddingsteam tijdens een natuurramp… Ze trekken de figuurlijke ‘mantel’ van een expert aan en creëren samen met hun leerkracht een fictieve wereld. Daarin worden ze gecast als een team van experten dat in opdracht van een klant een belangrijke opdracht uitvoert. Bob Selderslaghs introduceerde de methode in Vlaanderen en breidt deze door middel van participatief actieonderzoek verder uit van leermiddel naar leerdoel. Hij formuleert een aantal voorwaarden voor theatermakers en teaching artists om van jonge deelnemers volwaardige participanten te maken in een artistiek onderzoeks- en creatieproces.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MAKE A MATCH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN IPS PADA SISWA KELAS VI SDN.106828 SUMBEREJO KECAMATAN PAGAR MERBAU KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Hutabarat Saktiando
Published: December 2020

Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial adalah bidang studi yang mempelajari, menelaah,menganalisis, gejala dan masalah sosial di masyarakat dengan meninjau dari berbagai aspek kehidupan. Berdasarkan refleksi awal pelaksanaan pembelajaran IPS di kelas VI SDN.106828 Sumberejo Kecamatan Pagar Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pembelajaran belum optimal. Hal ini disebabkan adanya beberapa kendala dari guru, siswa dan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan. Kondisi tersebut memerlukan suatu perbaikan pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif dan menarik bagi siswa. Peneliti mengambil solusi untuk melaksanakan PTK menggunakan model Make a Match. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah apakah model Make a Match dapat meningkatkan keterampilan guru, aktivitas siswa dan hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan keterampilan guru, aktivitas siswa, dan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas VI SDN.106828 Sumberejo Kecamatan Pagar Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang.Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan tahapan perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak 2 siklus dengan 2 kali pertemuan setiap siklus. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa kelas VI SDN.106828 Sumberejo Kecamatan Pagar Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang.Hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai presentase ketuntasan klasikal 69,23%, kemudian meningkat pada siklus II yaitu presentase ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 88.46%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Make a Match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VI SDN.106828 Sumberejo Kecamatan Pagar Merbau Kabupaten Deli Serdang.Saran yang diusulkan peneliti adalah guru hendaknya melakukan pembelajaran yang inovatif dan menarik,misalnya dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Make a Match ketika mengajar. Selain itu siswa harus dilibatkan secara aktif selama proses belajar mengajar berlangsung.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU MENERAPKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MELALUI WORKSHOP BAGI GURU MATA PELAJARAN KELAS IX DI UPT SMP NEGERI 20 MEDAN
Authors: Siregar Halpan
Published: December 2020

Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah ini dilakukan melalui workshop yang bertujuan untuk Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Melalui Workshop Bagi Guru Mata Pelajaran Kelas IX di UPT SMP Negeri 20 Medan Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019 pada Semester Ganjil, dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 13 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah desain penelitian Tindakan Sekolah. Masing-masing melalui tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi/evaluasi dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui workshop dapat meningkatkan kompetensi guru untuk Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL). Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan diatas, ada beberapa kesimpulan yang dapat disimpulkan dalam penelitian ini: 1).           Kompetensi Guru menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Melalui Workshop Bagi Guru Mata Pelajaran Kelas IX di UPT SMP Negeri 20 Medan meningkat setelah mengikuti Workshop. 2).         Nilai rata-rata kompetensi guru kelas IX menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) siklus 1 adalah 28,08 (kurang). 3). Nilai rata-rata kompetensi guru kelas IX Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) siklus 2 adalah 55,38% (cukup). 4). Nilai rata-rata kompetensi guru kelas VIII menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL)siklus 3 adalah 84,31 (sangat baik). 5). Nilai rata-rata kompetensi guru kelas IX dalam menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) meningkat dari siklus 1 ke siklus 3 yaitu: 28,08 menjadi 84,31. Peningkatan nilai rata-rata kompetensi guru: 84,31% - 28,08% = 56,23%. 6). Nilai sikap Guru UPT SMP Negeri 20 Medan 98,46% (sagat setuju) dan konsisten menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) melalui workshop yang dilakukan oleh peneliti, kerena kompetensi mereka meningkat.
Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Mind Mapping Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi “Teks Panjang” Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SDN 173346 Dolok Martumbur Kecamatan Muara Kelas IV T.P 2018/2019
Authors: Lumbangaol Tinurbaya
Published: December 2020

Strategi Mind Mapping adalah pendekatan pembelajaran dalam bentuk visualisasi berupa simbol atau gambar yang dapat digunakan sebagai ganti catatan tertulis dan hasilnya lebih cepat untuk diingat.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa SDN 173346 Dolok Martumbur Kelas IV   pada materi ‘Teks panjang” melalui Strategi Mind Mapping T.P 2018/2019, termasuk peningkatan aktivitas dan respon belajar siswa terhadap mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Jenis Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, analisis dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN 173346 Dolok Martumbur, kecamatan Muara, kabupaten Tapanuli Utara dengan subjek penelitian siswa Kelas IV  sejumlah 16 orang. Data aktifitas siswa digali dari hasil obervasi melalui instrumen penilaian aktifitas, data hasil belajar diperoleh dari hasil tes akhir hasil belajar setiap siklus, dan data respon belajar siswa digali dari hasil tes melalui instrumen penilaian respon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan,  (1) pada siklus 1 nilai rata-rata aktifitas belajar siswa 71,88 %, nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 70,63 %, dan nilai rata-rata respon belajar 72,81, (2) pada siklus 2, nilai aktifitas belajar siswa rata-rata adalah 85,31 %, nilai rata-rata hasil belajar 75,93, dan nilai rata-rata respon belajar siswa 85,63. Berdasarkan data hasil belajar pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2  menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui Strategi Mind Mapping Pada Materi ‘Teks panjang” mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia   di SDN 173346 Dolok Martumbur, kec. Muara Kelas IV T.P 2018/2019.
FUNGSI KADERISASI DALAM MENINGKATAN KUALITAS KEPEMIMPINAN
Authors: T. Darmansah Muhammad Rizki Syahputra,
Published: December 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Fungsi kaderisasi dalam meningkatkan kualitas kepemimpinan. Pada Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi pustaka (library reseach) dengan mengumpulkan sejumlah buku-buku, majalah, jurnal, lifet yang berkenaan dengan masalah dan tujuan penelitian. Pengumpulan data dengan hasil penelitian terdahulu yang menjadi pendukung data pada tema penelitian terkait kaderisasi kepemimpinan dan kualitas kepemimpinan dengan proses penelitian dimulai dengan tahapan mengidentifikasi, menemukan informasi yang relevan, menganalisis hasil temuan, dan kemudian mengembangkan dan mengekspresikannya menjadi temuan baru berkaitan dengan fungsi kaderisasi dalam miningkatkan kualitas kepemimpinan. Hasil Penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa, 1) Kaderisasi Informal, 2) Kaderisai Formal. Pemimpin yang baik bukan di lihat dari seberapa banyak pengikutnya, dan seberapa lama ia memimpin, tapi terlihat dari seberapa banyak ia bisa menciptakan pemimpin-pemimpin baru. Kepemimpinan mengacu pada suatu proses untuk menggerakkan sekumpulan manusia menuju ke suatu tujuan yang telah ditetapkan dengan mendorong mereka bertindak dengan cara tidak memaksa. Dengan demikian, dapat dikatakan bahwa kepemimpinan adalah suatu peranan dan juga merupakan suatu proses untuk memengaruhi orang lain. Sedangkan pemimpin adalah anggota dari suatu perkumpulan yang diberi kedudukan tertentu dan diharapkan dapat bertindak sesuai dengan kedudukannya. Seorang pemimpin adalah seseorang dalam suatu perkumpulan yang diharapkan mampumenggunakan pengaruhnya dalam mewujudkan dan mencapai tujuan kelompok yang disertai dengan penuh kejujuran. Pemimpin yang jujur ialah seorang yang memimpin dan bukan seorang yang menggunakan kedudukan untuk memimpin.
Peran Kepala Madrasah dalam Mengembangkan Profesionalitas Guru di MTs Islamiyah YPI Batangkuis
Authors: Budi Budi
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan: (1) Bagaimana perencanaan Kepala Madrasah dalam mengembangkan profesionalitas guru di MTs Islamiyah YPI Batangkuis, (2) Bagaimana pelaksanaan supervise Kepala Madrasah dalam mengembangkan profesionalitas guru di MTs Islamiayah YPI Batangkuis Tembung Kac. Percut Sei Tuan Kab. Deli Serdang, (3) Bagaimana tindakan Kepala Madrasah dalam memotivasi guru di MTs Islamiyah YPI Batangkuis. Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di MTs Ismaliyah YPI Batangkuis, Dengan subyek dan informan penelitianya adalah Semua social yang terdiri dari tiga elemen yaitu: tempat,pelaku dan kegiatan atas efektivitas, latar tempat penelitian yaitu ruang kepala Madrasah, ruang guru dan ruang belajar. Pelakunya adalah kepala Madrasah dan guru-guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Data yang terkumpul selanjutnya di analisis dengan teknik reduksi data,display data pengambilan keputusan dan verifikasi. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan derajad kepercayaan (creadibility), keteralihan (transferability), ketergantungan (dependability), dan kepastia (confirmaability). Hasil penelitian dalam skripsi ini adalah perencanaan yang dilakukan Kepala Madrasah adalah membuat kreteria penerimaan anggota baru, membuat program kerja guru per triwulan, menghemat dana sekolah. Pengawasan yang dilakukan adalah pengawasan model formatif dan sumatif yaitu secara berkala dalam setiap minggu masuk langsung ke dalam kelas memperhatikan cara guru mengajar. Motivasi ekstrinsik atau motivasi yang dilakukan oleh Kepala Madrasah dalam memotivasi gurunya yaitu dengan cara memberikan pujian, selalu bersikap menghormati guru, mendengarkan keluhan guru dan menindaklanjuti apa yang menjadi keluhan guru serta pelatihan di bidang IT. Sedangkan motivasi interinsik yaitu pada saat ada pelatihan guru tidak dapat hadir mengikuti pelatihan tersebut tetapi karena guru tersebut ingin memperoleh ilmu, maka guru itu belajar kepada rekannya agar guru tersebut dapat terus meningkatkan kemampunya.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PEGAWAI PADA PUSKESMAS DI KECAMATAN DEPATI VII KABUPATEN KERINCI
Authors: Julianto Pebi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai pada Puskesmas di Kecamatan Depati VII Kabupaten Kerinci, untuk mengetahui besarya pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai pada Puskesmas di Kecamatan Depati VII. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dimana berbicara dengan angka-angka serta melihat pengaruh antara variabel bebas (independen) dengan variabel terikat (dependent). Pada penelitian ini peneliti ingin melihat Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Pegawai pada Puskesmas di Kecamatan Depati VII Kabupaten Kerinci. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Terdapat pengaruh disiplin terhadap prestasi kerja pegawai pada Puskesmas Kecamatan Depati VII Kabupaten Kerinci yang dihitung dengan korelasi sebesar 0,33, hal ini menunjukkan hubungan cukup kuat prerhitungan tingkat kesalahan 0,05 / 5%, didapat t tabel 2,021 dan t hitung 2,4470 dalam hal ini t hitung besar dari t tabel yang berarti pengaruh disiplin Kerja terhadap prestasi kerja pegawai pada Puskesmas Kecamatan Depati VII Kabupaten Kerinci adalah signifikan. Besarnya pengaruh disiplin terhadap prestasi kerja pegawai pada Puskesmas Kecamatan Depati VII Kabupaten Kerinci adalah sebesar 10,89%, sisanya  89,11% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti.
African Entrepreneurs’ Perceptions on the Mentoring Provided by a Cross-cultural Professional Development Experience: Implications for Future Programs
Authors: Taylor Lisa , Edwards Craig , Baker Marshall , Watters Craig , Rutledge James
Published: December 2020

We conducted a multicase investigation to assess the impacts of a cross-cultural exchange program on Entrepreneur Fellows from Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda (8 women; 14 men) after they had returned home from the United States. Our assessment included the mentoring aspect of the program. Six questions and related probes guided semi-structured interviews with the 22 Fellows, the study’s quintain. The lead researcher transcribed the study’s interviews and verified accuracy and trustworthiness by sending her transcriptions to the Fellows for verification. Findings derived from the interviews or cases crystallized as themes representative of the quintain. The emergent themes, which included mentoring, inspired two theoretical lenses to guide our interpretation of the Fellows’ experiences: human capital theory and theory of planned behavior. Recommendations for practice include additional training of entrepreneur mentors and suggestions to facilitate high-quality field experiences. Additional research examining participants’ views about mentoring – protégés and their mentors – as an integral component of entrepreneurial training in cross-cultural settings, and how that can be improved, would likely enhance the learning outcomes of similar programs.

Keywords: entrepreneurship; international exchanges; mentoring; professional development
Impact of Agricultural Communication Interventions on Improving Agricultural
Productivity in Malawi
Authors: Masambuka-Kanchewa Fallys , Rodriguez Mary , Buck Emily , Niewoehner-Green Jera , Lamm Alexa
Published: December 2020

Agricultural communication (AGCOM) has been known to aid in disseminating research-based agricultural information among Malawian farmers. In 1958 the Malawi Government, via the Ministry of Agriculture, established the Agricultural Communications Branch (ACB) in an attempt to increase access to and adoption of scientifically-proven technologies among farmers. Moreover, in 2000 the Malawi Government started implementing an agricultural extension policy that promoted pluralistic demand-driven extension, which led to the increased availability of non-governmental organizations providing AGCOM services to farmers. However, after several decades of using different communication tools to promote new technologies, low productivity in most small holder farms remains a challenge, with limited adoption of improved technology as one of the contributing factors. In this exploratory, convergent, mixed methods study, 30 Malawian farmers and six AGCOM officers who were selected using convenient and snow ball sampling respectively participated in key informant interviews. In addition, 64 AGCOM officers who were selected using simple random sampling were involved in a survey. The findings of the study revealed that information delivered to farmers does not address farmer needs in most cases. Specifically, existing policies, source and availability of funding, and the agricultural calendar influenced choice of information that was disseminated. For example, the existing policy does not allow AGCOM officers to disseminate local and innovative farmer practices unless they are tested and approved by scientists. Such policies, perpetuates a mindset among farmers that innovations originate from outside their communities, thereby making it hard for them to share their local, indigenous ideas with their colleagues. Moreover, it has contributed to the inability of AGCOM to be used as an innovation creation tool, hence AGCOMs’ limited impact.

Keywords: adoption, improved technologies, agricultural communication, increased productivity, information dissemination
Awakening Transformative Learning: A Comparison of the Dissonance Experienced by Agriculture Majors During Study Abroad Courses to Costa Rica and Thailand
Authors: Pigg Janiece , Richardson Morgan , Roberts Richie , Stair Kristin
Published: December 2020

Students who have participated in study abroad courses exhibit an improved capacity for citizenship, emotional growth, and global competence. However, achieving such requires that study abroad courses be designed to allow students to question their underlying beliefs and values – a concept called dissonance. When individuals reflect on dissonance, it has been reported to spur a process in which their previously held perspectives are transformed. As such, this investigation sought to compare the dissonance experienced by agriculture majors (N =21) at Louisiana State University during study abroad courses to Costa Rica and Thailand. We bounded cases by academic college, degree level, and year. However, they were distinct regarding context and duration. As a result, two forms of dissonance were consistent across cases: intellectual and moral. However, within cases, we also distilled context-specific dissonance that students grappled with that helped them reconsider their previously held worldviews. Our findings demonstrated that when students processed dissonance productively, their global knowledge and perspectives were transformed. We also concluded that although shared forms of dissonance existed, it is imperative for faculty to design students’ experiences abroad purposefully to nurture students’ perspective changes in transformative ways. Keywords: Costa Rica; dissonance; study abroad; Thailand; university agriculture student
Measurement Report: Determination of aerosol vertical features on different timescales over East Asia based on CATS aerosol products
Authors: Cheng Yueming , Dai Tie , Li Jiming , Shi Guangyu
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The Cloud-Aerosol Transport System (CATS) lidar, on board the International Space Station (ISS), provides a new opportunity for studying aerosol vertical distributions, especially the diurnal variations, from space observations. In this study, we investigate the seasonal variations and diurnal cycles in the vertical aerosol extinction coefficients (AECs) over East Asia by taking advantage of 32 months of continuous and uniform aerosol measurements from the CATS lidar. Over the Tibetan Plateau, a belt of AECs at approximately 6 km between 30 and 38∘ N persistently exists in all seasons with an obvious seasonal variation. In summer, the aerosols at 6 km are identified as a mixture of both anthropogenic aerosols transported from India and coarse dust particles from Asian dust sources. In addition, the high AECs up to 8 km in summer over the Tibetan Plateau are caused by smoke aerosols from thermal dynamic processes. In fall and winter, the northern slope of the plateau is continuously influenced by both dust aerosols and polluted aerosols transported upslope from cities located at lower elevations in northwestern Asia. The diurnal variation in AECs in North China is mainly related to the diurnal variations in the transported dust and local polluted aerosols. Below 2 km, the AEC profiles in North China at 06:00 and 12:00 CST (China standard time) are significantly higher than those at 00:00 and 18:00 CST, reaching a maximum at midday. The aerosol vertical profiles over the Tarim Desert region in summer have obvious diurnal variations, and the AECs at 12:00 and 18:00 CST are significantly higher than those at 00:00 and 06:00 CST, which are induced by the strong diurnal variations in near-surface wind speeds. In addition, the peak in the AEC profiles has a significant seasonal variation, which is mainly determined by the boundary layer height.
Optical characterization of pure pollen types using a multi-wavelength Raman polarization lidar
Authors: Shang Xiaoxia , Giannakaki Elina , Bohlmann Stephanie , Filioglou Maria , Saarto Annika , Ruuskanen Antti , Leskinen Ari , Romakkaniemi Sami , Komppula Mika
Published: December 2020

Abstract. We present a novel algorithm for characterizing the
optical properties of pure pollen particles, based on the depolarization
ratio values obtained in lidar measurements. The algorithm was first tested
and validated through a simulator and then applied to the lidar
observations during a 4-month pollen campaign from May to August 2016 at
the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) station in Kuopio
(62∘44′ N, 27∘33′ E), in Eastern Finland. With
a Burkard sampler, 20 types of pollen were observed and identified from concurrent measurements, with birch (Betula), pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea), and nettle (Urtica) pollen being the most
abundant, contributing more than 90 % of the total pollen load, regarding
number concentrations. Mean values of lidar-derived optical properties in
the pollen layer were retrieved for four intense pollination periods (IPPs).
Lidar ratios at both 355 and 532 nm ranged from 55 to 70 sr for all pollen
types, without significant wavelength dependence. An enhanced depolarization
ratio was found when there were pollen grains in the atmosphere, and an even
higher depolarization ratio (with mean values of 0.25 or 0.14) was observed
with the presence of the more non-spherical spruce or pine pollen. Under the
assumption that the backscatter-related Ångström exponent between 355
and 532 nm should be zero for pure pollen, the depolarization ratio of pure pollen particles at 532 nm was assessed, resulting in 0.24±0.01 and
0.36±0.01 for birch and pine pollen, respectively. Pollen optical
properties at 1064 and 355 nm were also estimated. The
backscatter-related Ångström exponent between 532 and 1064 nm was
assessed to be ∼0.8 (∼0.5) for pure birch (pine)
pollen; thus the longer wavelength would be a better choice to trace pollen in
the air. Pollen depolarization ratios of 0.17 and 0.30 at 355 nm were
found for birch and pine pollen, respectively. The depolarization values
show a wavelength dependence for pollen. This can be the key parameter for
pollen detection and characterization.
The influence of surface charge on the coalescence of ice and dust
particles in the mesosphere
Authors: Baptiste Joshua , Williamson Connor , Fox John , Stace Anthony J. , Hassan Muhammad , Braun Stefanie , Stamm Benjamin , Mann Ingrid , Besley Elena
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Agglomeration of charged ice and dust particles in the mesosphere is studied using a classical electrostatic approach, which is extended to capture the induced polarisation of surface charge. Collision outcomes are predicted whilst varying particle size, charge, dielectric constant, relative kinetic energy, collision geometry and the coefficient of restitution. In addition to attractive Coulomb forces acting on particles of opposite charge, instances of strong attraction between particles of the same sign of charge are predicted, which take place at small separation distances and also lead to the formation of stable aggregates. These attractive forces are governed by the polarisation of surface charge.
Stable isotopes in cave ice suggest summer temperatures in east-central Europe are linked to Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation variability
Authors: Bădăluţă Carmen-Andreea , Perșoiu Aurel , Ionita Monica , Piotrowska Natalia
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The climate of east-central Europe (ECE) is the result of
a combination of influences originating in the wider North Atlantic realm,
the Mediterranean Sea, and the western Asian and Siberian regions. Previous studies have shown
that the complex interplay between the large-scale atmospheric patterns
across the region results in strongly dissimilar summer and winter conditions
on timescales ranging from decades to millennia. To put these into a wider
context, long-term climate reconstructions are required, but, largely due to
historical reasons, these are lacking in ECE. We address these issues by
presenting a high-resolution, radiocarbon-dated record of summer temperature
variations during the last millennium in ECE, based on stable isotope
analysis of a 4.84 m long ice core extracted from Focul Viu Ice Cave
(Western Carpathians, Romania). Comparisons with both instrumental and
proxy-based data indicate that the stable isotope composition of cave ice
records the changes in summer air temperature and has a similar temporal
evolution to that of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on decadal to
multidecadal timescales, suggesting that changes in the North Atlantic
are transferred, likely via atmospheric processes towards the wider Northern Hemisphere. On centennial timescales, the data show little summer temperature differences between the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) in eastern Europe. These findings are contrary to those that show a marked contrast between the two periods in terms of both winter and annual air temperatures, suggesting that cooling during the LIA was primarily the result of wintertime climatic changes.
Modifying emission scenario projections to account for the effects of
COVID-19: protocol for Covid-MIP
Authors: Lamboll Robin D. , Jones Chris D. , Skeie Ragnhild B. , Fiedler Stephanie , Samset Bjørn H. , Gillett Nathan P. , Rogelj Joeri , Forster Piers M.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Lockdowns to avoid the spread of COVID-19 have created an unprecedented reduction in human emissions. While the country-level scale of emissions changes can be estimated in near-real-time, the more detailed, gridded emissions estimates that are required to run General Circulation Models (GCM) of the climate will take longer to collect. In this paper we use recorded and projected country-and-sector activity levels to modify gridded predictions from the MESSAGE-GLOBIOM SSP2-4.5 scenario. We provide updated projections for concentrations of greenhouse gases, emissions fields for aerosols and precursors, and the ozone and optical properties that result from this. The codebase to perform similar modifications to other scenarios is also provided. We outline the means by which these results may be used in a model intercomparison project (CovidMIP) to investigate the impact of national lockdown measures on climate. This includes three strands: an assessment of short-term effects (5-year period), of longer-term effects (30 years) and an investigation into the separate effects of changes in emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols. This last strand supports possible attribution of observed changes in the climate system, hence these simulations will also form part of the Detection and Attribution Model Intercomparison Project (DAMIP).
Teleseismic P-waves at the AlpArray seismic network: Wave fronts,
absolute traveltimes and traveltime residuals
Authors: Paffrath Marcel Heinz , Friederich Wolfgang ,   the AlpArray and AlpArray-Swath D working group
Published: December 2020

Abstract. We present an extensive dataset of highly accurate absolute traveltimes and traveltime residuals of teleseismic P- waves recorded by the AlpArray Seismic Network and complementary field experiments in the years from 2015 to 2019. The dataset is intended to serve as the basis for teleseismic delay time tomography of the upper mantle below the greater Alpine region. In addition, the data may be used as constraints in full-waveform inversion of AlpArray recordings. The dataset comprises about 170.000 onsets derived from records filtered to 0.5 Hz and 214.000 onsets from records filtered to 0.1 Hz. The high accuracy of absolute and residual traveltimes was obtained by applying a specially designed combination of automatic picking, waveform cross-correlation and beam-forming. Taking traveltime data for individual events, we are able to visualize in detail the wavefronts of teleseismic P-waves as they propagate across AlpArray. Variations of distances between isochrons indicate structural perturbations in the mantle below. Traveltime residuals for individual events exhibit spatially coherent patterns that prove to be reproducible if events of similar epicentral distance and azimuth are considered. When residuals for all available events are stacked, conspicuous areas of negative residuals emerge that already indicate the lateral location of subducting slabs beneath the Apennines and the western, central and eastern Alps. Stacking residuals for events from 90 degree wide azimuthal sectors results in lateral distributions of negative and positive residuals that are generally consistent but differ in detail due to the differing direction of illumination of mantle structures by the incident P-waves. Comparing traveltimes from the 0.5 Hz and the 0.1 Hz dataset, we observe on average earlier arrivals in the 0.5 Hz dataset presumably caused by velocity dispersion. Uncertainties of traveltime residuals are estimated from the peak width of the cross-correlation function and its maximum value. The median uncertainty is 0.15 s at 0.5 Hz and 0.18 s at 0.1 Hz, way below the typical traveltime residuals of up to ±2 s. Uncertainties display a regional dependence caused by quality differences between temporary and permanent stations as well as location dependent noise conditions.
Subglacial lakes and hydrology across the Ellsworth Subglacial Highlands, West Antarctica
Authors: Napoleoni Felipe , Jamieson Stewart S. R. , Ross Neil , Bentley Michael J. , Rivera Andrés , Smith Andrew M. , Siegert Martin J. , Paxman Guy J. G. , Gacitúa Guisella , Uribe José A. , Zamora Rodrigo , Brisbourne Alex M. , Vaughan David G.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Subglacial water plays an important role in ice sheet dynamics and stability. Subglacial lakes are often located at the onset of ice streams and have been hypothesised to enhance ice flow downstream by lubricating the ice–bed interface. The most recent subglacial-lake inventory of Antarctica mapped nearly 400 lakes, of which ∼ 14 % are found in West Antarctica. Despite the potential importance of subglacial water for ice dynamics, there is a lack of detailed subglacial-water characterisation in West Antarctica. Using radio-echo sounding data, we analyse the ice–bed interface to detect subglacial lakes. We report 33 previously uncharted subglacial lakes and present a systematic analysis of their physical properties. This represents a ∼ 40 % increase in subglacial lakes in West Antarctica. Additionally, a new digital elevation model of basal topography of the Ellsworth Subglacial Highlands was built and used to create a hydropotential model to simulate the subglacial hydrological network. This allows us to characterise basal hydrology, determine subglacial water catchments and assess their connectivity. We show that the simulated subglacial hydrological catchments of the Rutford Ice Stream, Pine Island Glacier and Thwaites Glacier do not correspond to their ice surface catchments.
Minimal impact of model biases on northern hemisphere ENSO
teleconnections
Authors: Tyrrell Nicholas L. , Karpechko Alexey Yu.
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Correctly capturing the teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Europe is of importance for seasonal prediction. Here we investigate how systematic model biases may affect this teleconnection. A two–step bias–correction process is applied to an atmospheric general circulation model to reduce errors in the climatology. The bias–corrections are applied to the troposphere and stratosphere separately and together to produce a range of climates. ENSO type sensitivity experiments are then performed to reveal the impact of differing climatologies on ENSO–Europe teleconnections. The bias–corrections do not affect the response of the tropical atmosphere, nor the Aleutian Low, to strong ENSO anomalies. However, the anomalous upward wave flux and the response of the northern hemisphere polar vortex differs between the climatologies. We attribute this to a reduced sensitivity of waves to the strength of the Aleutian Low. Despite the differing responses of the polar vortex, the NAO response is similar between the climatologies, implying that for strong ENSO events a stratospheric response may not be necessary for the ENSO–North Atlantic teleconnection.
Characterization of the unsteady aerodynamic response of a floating offshore wind turbine to surge motion
Authors: Mancini Simone , Boorsma Koen , Caboni Marco , Cormier Marion , Lutz Thorsten , Schito Paolo , Zasso Alberto
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The disruptive potential of floating wind turbines has attracted the interest of both the industry and the scientific community. Lacking a rigid foundation, such machines are subject to large displacements whose impact on aerodynamic performance is not yet fully explored. In this work, the unsteady aerodynamic response to harmonic-surge motion of a scaled version of the DTU 10 MW turbine is investigated in detail. The imposed displacements have been chosen representative of typical platform motion. The results of different numerical models are validated against high-fidelity wind tunnel tests specifically focused on the aerodynamics. Also, a linear analytical model relying on the quasi-steady assumption is presented as a theoretical reference. The unsteady responses are shown to be dominated by the first surge harmonic, and a frequency domain characterization, mostly focused on the thrust oscillation, is conducted involving aerodynamic damping and mass parameters. A very good agreement among the codes, the experiments, and the quasi-steady theory has been found, clarifying some literature doubts. A convenient way to describe the unsteady results in a non-dimensional form is proposed, hopefully serving as a reference for future works.
Perspectivas protohusserlianas en la filosofía de Schopenhauer
Authors: Del Estal Sánchez Héctor
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo exploramos la posibilidad de encontrar afinidades, paralelismos y funciones análogas en algunos aspectos de las filosofías de Edmund Husserl y Arthur Schopenhauer. Para ello, comenzaremos abordando la cuestión acerca de la relación de Husserl con la obra de Schopenhauer a través de algunos datos biográficos del primero; y después analizaremos las similitudes que guarda la «conciencia mejor» y liberación del principio de razón a través de la «contemplación estética» en la filosofía de Schopenhauer con la «actitud fenomenológica» y de «ἐποχή» husserlianas. Por último, mostramos las divergencias entre ambos autores en lo relativo a la finalidad última perseguida con dichos conceptos.
Un campo trascendental animado: idea e intensidad en la ontología de Gilles Deleuze
Authors: Mc Namara Rafael E.
Published: December 2020

El campo trascendental es presentado en Différence et répétition a partir de los conceptos de Idea e intensidad. Mucho se ha especulado en torno de estos conceptos, pero la relación entre ambos es aún objeto de controversia. En este artículo intentaremos echar luz sobre ese vínculo. Primero, mostraremos que la intensidad es ontológicamente actual, y no virtual o intermediaria como algunas lecturas sugieren. En este punto, la lectura de la obra de 1968 se complementa con Le pli. Leibniz et le Baroque, para mostrar que el carácter actual de la intensidad se mantiene en la obra tardía de Deleuze. En segundo lugar, indagaremos en la relación de lo intensivo con los tres caracteres de la Idea y con la dramatización que comanda la actualización. En tercer lugar, abordaremos la relación entre Idea e intensidad a partir del problema de la expresión. Esto deriva, por último, en una articulación compleja del orden de constitución entre esos dos ámbitos. En este último punto resulta clave la lectura conjunta de Différence et répétition y Logique du sens.
A study on Islamic finance as an approach for financial inclusion in India
Authors: Siddiqui Taufeeque Ahmad , Naushad Mohammad , Farooque M.K. Ummer
Published: December 2020

This paper endeavors to investigate whether the Islamic financial system can tackle the issue of financial exclusion in India or not. The present study has made an earnest attempt to explore the discriminating factors behind choosing of the institutes (conventional or Islamic), in decreasing order of their importance. Data for the study are collected from 635 respondents, who are customers of Islamic and traditional financial institutes. The area selected for the survey is the state of Kerala, which is considered as the Islamic finance hub in India. The data collected are analyzed by employing the discriminant analysis along with drawing inferences from descriptive statistics. The study finds various factors in descending order of their importance. The factors are type of employment, religion (Muslim/Non-Muslim), income and gender. These are discriminating factors for choosing particular institutes (conventional or Islamic). The study shows that Islamic finance system was chosen by those, particularly Muslims, who did not have good employment and sufficient income. Hence, it is recommended that extensive formal beginning of Islamic finance in India, will lead to higher financial inclusion, since generally the financially excluded individuals belong to the said segments of the society, furthermore, Islamic finance is highly fascinated by the mentioned groups, the planners should think accordingly. The study is novel in its’ approach as it evidently illustrates that Islamic financial system is chosen by those, who do not have good employment, Muslims and those who earn less. Thus, there should be extensive formal commencement of Islamic finance in India to kick off higher financial inclusion.
Audit committee’s attributes, overlapping memberships on the audit committee and corporate risk disclosure: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Alshirah Malek Hamed , Alshira’h Ahmad Farhan , Lutfi Abdalwali
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to contribute to the literature by examining whether audit committees' attributes affect risk disclosure practiced by Jordanian listed companies. Selecting a sample of 94 Jordanian companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange, the authors carried out a manual content analysis on annual reports to determine the level of risk disclosure. Random effect model was employed in the analysis. Empirical results show that the audit committee size had a positive effect on the level of risk disclosure. However, there was no evidence that the frequency of the audit committee meetings, expertise or overlapping of the audit committee membership were significantly related to the risk disclosure. The findings are important for standard setters to improve their comprehension about the influence of audit committee in disclosing risk information and reconsider the effective monitoring role played by audit committee.
The effect of internal control on the performance of pharmaceutical firms in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thieu Manh
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the impact of internal control on the performance of pharmaceutical companies, providing additional empirical evidence on the effects of internal control on performance. The research method used includes surveys through questionnaires distributed among pharmaceutical companies to assess internal control and each element of internal control of these firms. Quantitative research was carried out with SPSS 25 software. The results show that monitoring, information and communication are the factors that have the strongest impacts on the performance of pharmaceutical companies. This can be explained that, for pharmaceutical companies, good monitoring and information and good tradition will positively affect the effectiveness of internal control in particular and the performance of the business. Based on the research results, the author proposes some recommendations to improve the effectiveness of internal control, thereby contributing to improve the performance of pharmaceutical enterprises.
Integral assessment of the level of Ukraine’s economic security: Modeling and economic analysis
Authors: Yakymchuk Alina , Yakymchuk Оleh , Popadynets Nazariy , Bilyk Rostyslav , Yakubiv Valentyna , Maksymiv Yuliia , Hryhoruk Iryna , Irtyshcheva Inna , Husakovska Tetiana , Boiko Yevheniia
Published: December 2020

The influence of military-political instability at the state security has special consequences and cannot be ignored. That is why the methods of economic security calculations should be adapted to modern conditions. Significant changes in economic, political, social conditions in Ukraine because of the influence of military events cause the necessity of developing approaches to calculations of economic security level. The article aims at analyzing active methods of calculations of economic security level to adapt their indicators to actual economic circumstances in Ukraine and the world. Indicators of the economic security have been composed of budget, money-credit, foreign exchange, debt, known banking financial market security, banking security. Every component of economic security has factors of war influence, which, as a result, correlates with the integral indicator of economic security. The relevance and indispensability of reinforcement of the economy’s competitiveness on security foundations are substantiated. The authors’ methods of calculation of an integral indicator of economic security have been suggested. A taxonomic indicator is used to measure the level of security. Conclusions regarding the preconditions, capacity, and availability of tendencies of economic security in regions of the country have been made. Strategic priorities of the state policy for reinforcement of economic security have been substantiated.
Integration of health care in Euskadi: qualitative research and diagnosis of the implementation process of Osakidetza-Basque Health System
Authors:   Dpto. Economía Financiera II. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). Avda. Lehendakari Agirre, 83. 48015 Bilbao, España – goizalde.hernando@ehu.eus, Hernando-Saratxaga Goizalde , Izagirre-Olaizola Julen ,   Dpto. Economía Financiera II. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Plaza Oñati 1, 20018, Donostia (España) – julen.izaguirre@ehu.eus, Aguirre-García María-Soledad ,   Dpto. Economía Financiera II. Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Avenida Lehendakari Aguirre 83, 48015, Bilbao (España) – marisol.aguirre@ehu.eus
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes the health care integration process implemented in the Basque Country (Spain) within its public health system (Osakidetza – an international benchmark), as well as the perception of people leading it. The integration process is necessary in the current context and it proposes to intervene with a broad vision on the health of citizens, which requires rejecting a limited vision of health in favor of a coordinated and transversal work of the health system with other public administrations and social agents. The new model aims to move towards a proactive and much more patient-centered system and implies a significant change in its structures and care tools. A qualitative methodology applied consists on a case study based on in-depth interviews. The research enables to identify its strengths and to detect the key elements to improve. Among these factors, we can identify the Integrated Sanitary Organization (ISO), the integrated information and ICT systems, the new roles of nurses, the program contract, as well as the changes addressed to the empowerment of the patient and to the coordination among professionals as well as among the community and social ambit.
Sliding Doors During COVID-19: Choose the Right One!
Authors: Piani Tommaso , Zanardo Davide , Deana Cristian
Published: December 2020

The need to resume scheduled hospital activities requires accurate screening for severe acute respiratory syndrome–Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS–COVID-19) represented by real-time polymerase chain reaction on the nasal swab for each patient admitted. In order to prevent cross-contamination, we propose a model in which only two entry points are available: one for the urgent/emergent pathway and the other for all patients needing scheduled admission. If the patient needs emergent procedure and the swab test is not yet available, it will be viewed as a positive COVID-19 test. The hospital should be divided into two different areas: a green zone for negative-test patients and a blue zone for positive or undetermined patients in need of urgent care.
Prehospital conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia using the modified Valsalva maneuver: A case report
Authors: Gangaram Padarath , Pillay Yugan , Christopher Pillay Bernard , Alinier Guillaume
Published: December 2020

The modified Valsalva maneuver (MVM) has never before been performed in the prehospital setting by the Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service (HMCAS) clinicians in the State of Qatar. Currently, their clinical practice guidelines (CPG) prescribe the vagal maneuver (VM) using a 10 cc syringe as first-line therapy for patients presenting with symptomatic paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (pSVT). The effectiveness of the MVM in terminating pSVT compared to the traditional VM is well documented, although prehospital studies in this area are lacking. In this case, a generally healthy, 47-year-old male migrant worker presented with new-onset symptomatic pSVT, which was successfully terminated by a MVM after initial failed attempts of the traditional VM. The MVM is a postural technique performed by initially placing the patient in a semirecumbent position. The patient is then encouraged to blow into a manometer to achieve a 40 mmHg intrathoracic pressure for 15 seconds. Once the 40 mmHg intrathoracic pressure is achieved, the patient is repositioned supine, and their legs are raised passively to 45 degrees for 15 seconds. The patient is then returned to the semirecumbent position for 45 seconds before cardiac rhythm reassessment. The MVM has shown to have an increased termination rate of pSVT with no documented serious adverse events. The MVM can be performed in a time-effective manner and is cost effective as intravenous (IV) cannulation is not required. The prevention of adenosine-associated transient asystole is prevented. It is recommended that ambulance services consider the inclusion of the MVM in their CPGs for the treatment of new-onset pSVT.