bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison between desorption isotherm curves of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds
Authors: Corrêa Paulo Cesar , Zeymer Juliana Soares , Oliveira Gabriel Henrique Horta de , Araujo Marcos Eduardo Viana de , Silva Camilla Sena da
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT It is necessary to determine the sorption isotherms of seeds to develop adequate systems of storage and drying. The chemical composition of a product affects the sorption process; products with a high oil content adsorb a lower amount of moisture from the environment than products with a high carbohydrate content. Given the importance of the hygroscopicity of different agricultural products, this work aimed to determine, model and evaluate the difference between desorption isotherms of ryegrass and flax seeds grown at different temperature and relative humidity conditions. Ryegrass and flax seeds, which contained initial moisture contents of 10.4 and 8.7% (db), respectively, were used. The equilibrium moisture content of the seeds was determined using a static-gravimetric method at different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ± 1 °C) and relative humidity values (between 11 and 96 ± 2%), in three replicates. Seven mathematical models were adjusted to the equilibrium moisture content experimental data of the seeds. The Chung Pfost model best fit the experimental data of ryegrass seeds, whereas the Smith model was determined to be the best fit for flax seeds. The equilibrium moisture content of the seeds was found to decrease as the temperature increased when the value of water activity was constant. The desorption isotherms of ryegrass seeds (Type II) and flax seeds (Type III) are different, according to Brunauer’s classification, which is caused by the composition (starch and oil content) of each product.
Multispectral aerial images for the evaluation of maize crops
Authors: Hoss Douglas Felipe , Luz Gean Lopes da , Lajús Cristiano Reschke , Moretto Marcos Antônio , Tremea Geraldo Antonio
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The combination of multispectral aerial images and computational processing is emerging as one of the solutions used in precision agriculture to observe the nutritional status of plants. The objective of this study is therefore to associate the nitrogen content and dry weight of the aerial part of maize plants (DW) with the vegetation indices obtained by multispectral aerial images (NDVIA and NDREA), and with the SPAD index and the Greenseeker NDVI, in the vegetative stage V6. To this end, randomized blocks in a factorial scheme of 6x4 (six nitrogen doses at the base and four different flight altitudes) were used, with three replications. The collected data was submitted to ANOVA with the F test (p = 0,05) and subsequent regression analysis. The study showed that it is possible to estimate the dry weight of the aerial part of maize plants and the nitrogen content in the leaves through the processing of multispectral aerial images, using the NDVI and NDRE spectral vegetation indices. The portable chlorophyll meter SPAD (model SPAD-502) also had promissing results in the estimation of nitrogen content, while the Greenseeker NDVI sensor accurately estimated nitrogen content and dry weight.
Mulching materials and wetted soil percentages on zucchini cultivation
Authors: Silva Gustavo Henrique da , Cunha Fernando França da , Morais Caio Vieira de , Freitas Agnaldo Roberto de Jesus , Silva Derly José Henriques da , Souza Caetano Marciano de
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Polyethylene mulch can cause serious problems in the environment. A promising alternative to polyethylene mulch is biodegradable mulch. Therefore, a two-year experiment was carried out with zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) during the cropping seasons of 2017 and 2018 in Southeast Brazil to investigate the effects of four soil mulching treatments (white polyethylene mulch: WP, black polyethylene mulch: BP, biodegradable mulch of brown recycled paper: RP and nonmulched: NM) and two wetted soil percentages (50 and 70% of the soil surface) using a randomized block design with five repetitions. The average water consumption of the zucchini was 157 mm in the WP treatment, 155 mm in the BP treatment, 155 mm in the WP treatment and 215 mm in the NM treatment. The yield was higher in the WP (78.1 ton ha-1) and BP (69.1 ton ha-1) treatments than in the RP (66.6 ton ha-1) or NM (52.4 ton ha-1) treatments. The daily thermal amplitude was lowest in the RP treatment (3.6-6.0 °C) and highest in the BP treatment (7.3-9.0 °C). The lower wetted soil percentage (50%) reduced water consumption (by 5-7%) and improved water-use efficiency (by 11%). Weeds, including Cyperus roduntus, were more efficiently controlled in the RP treatment than in the WP and BP treatments. In general, compared to the nonmulched treatment, mulches were effective in reducing weed infestation (95%), increasing yield (36%) and improving water-use efficiency (94%). RP, as an alternative to polyethylene mulch, can save water and control weeds in zucchini crops. These results represent useful information that extends the mulching options for technicians and farmers.
New species of Curimatopsis from the río Caroni, Orinoco basin, Venezuela, with comments on C. macrolepis (Characiformes: Curimatidae)
Authors: Melo Bruno F.
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT A new species of Curimatopsis is described from the highlands of the western Guiana Shield in the río Carapo and río Paragua, tributaries of the río Caroni in the Orinoco basin, southeastern Venezuela. The new species belongs to the Curimatopsis macrolepis clade due to its possession of a long lower jaw that projects past the anterior margin of the upper jaw, and separate first and second hypurals. The new species is diagnosed from remaining species of the Curimatopsis macrolepis clade by having a small-sized inconspicuous dark spot on the midlateral surface of the caudal peduncle, by details of body and fin pigmentation, and by additional morphometric characters. The distribution of C. macrolepis in the Amazon and Orinoco basins is updated based on the examination of museum specimens.
Improving Context-Aware Neural Machine Translation Using Self-Attentive Sentence Embedding
Authors: Yun Hyeongu , Hwang Yongkeun , Jung Kyomin
Published: June 2020

Fully Attentional Networks (FAN) like Transformer (Vaswani et al. 2017) has shown superior results in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) tasks and has become a solid baseline for translation tasks. More recent studies also have reported experimental results that additional contextual sentences improve translation qualities of NMT models (Voita et al. 2018; Müller et al. 2018; Zhang et al. 2018). However, those studies have exploited multiple context sentences as a single long concatenated sentence, that may cause the models to suffer from inefficient computational complexities and long-range dependencies. In this paper, we propose Hierarchical Context Encoder (HCE) that is able to exploit multiple context sentences separately using the hierarchical FAN structure. Our proposed encoder first abstracts sentence-level information from preceding sentences in a self-attentive way, and then hierarchically encodes context-level information. Through extensive experiments, we observe that our HCE records the best performance measured in BLEU score on English-German, English-Turkish, and English-Korean corpus. In addition, we observe that our HCE records the best performance in a crowd-sourced test set which is designed to evaluate how well an encoder can exploit contextual information. Finally, evaluation on English-Korean pronoun resolution test suite also shows that our HCE can properly exploit contextual information.
Weakly-Supervised Opinion Summarization by Leveraging External Information
Authors: Zhao Chao , Chaturvedi Snigdha
Published: June 2020

Opinion summarization from online product reviews is a challenging task, which involves identifying opinions related to various aspects of the product being reviewed. While previous works require additional human effort to identify relevant aspects, we instead apply domain knowledge from external sources to automatically achieve the same goal. This work proposes AspMem, a generative method that contains an array of memory cells to store aspect-related knowledge. This explicit memory can help obtain a better opinion representation and infer the aspect information more precisely. We evaluate this method on both aspect identification and opinion summarization tasks. Our experiments show that AspMem outperforms the state-of-the-art methods even though, unlike the baselines, it does not rely on human supervision which is carefully handcrafted for the given tasks.
Reinforced Curriculum Learning on Pre-Trained Neural Machine Translation Models
Authors: Zhao Mingjun , Wu Haijiang , Niu Di , Wang Xiaoli
Published: June 2020

The competitive performance of neural machine translation (NMT) critically relies on large amounts of training data. However, acquiring high-quality translation pairs requires expert knowledge and is costly. Therefore, how to best utilize a given dataset of samples with diverse quality and characteristics becomes an important yet understudied question in NMT. Curriculum learning methods have been introduced to NMT to optimize a model's performance by prescribing the data input order, based on heuristics such as the assessment of noise and difficulty levels. However, existing methods require training from scratch, while in practice most NMT models are pre-trained on big data already. Moreover, as heuristics, they do not generalize well. In this paper, we aim to learn a curriculum for improving a pre-trained NMT model by re-selecting influential data samples from the original training set and formulate this task as a reinforcement learning problem. Specifically, we propose a data selection framework based on Deterministic Actor-Critic, in which a critic network predicts the expected change of model performance due to a certain sample, while an actor network learns to select the best sample out of a random batch of samples presented to it. Experiments on several translation datasets show that our method can further improve the performance of NMT when original batch training reaches its ceiling, without using additional new training data, and significantly outperforms several strong baseline methods.
Balancing Quality and Human Involvement: An Effective Approach to Interactive Neural Machine Translation
Authors: Zhao Tianxiang , Liu Lemao , Huang Guoping , Li Huayang , Liu Yingling , GuiQuan Liu , Shi Shuming
Published: June 2020

Conventional interactive machine translation typically requires a human translator to validate every generated target word, even though most of them are correct in the advanced neural machine translation (NMT) scenario. Previous studies have exploited confidence approaches to address the intensive human involvement issue, which request human guidance only for a few number of words with low confidences. However, such approaches do not take the history of human involvement into account, and optimize the models only for the translation quality while ignoring the cost of human involvement. In response to these pitfalls, we propose a novel interactive NMT model, which explicitly accounts the history of human involvements and particularly is optimized towards two objectives corresponding to the translation quality and the cost of human involvement, respectively. Specifically, the model jointly predicts a target word and a decision on whether to request human guidance, which is based on both the partial translation and the history of human involvements. Since there is no explicit signals on the decisions of requesting human guidance in the bilingual corpus, we optimize the model with the reinforcement learning technique which enables our model to accurately predict when to request human guidance. Simulated and real experiments show that the proposed model can achieve higher translation quality with similar or less human involvement over the confidence-based baseline.
Who Did They Respond to? Conversation Structure Modeling Using Masked Hierarchical Transformer
Authors: Zhu Henghui , Nan Feng , Wang Zhiguo , Nallapati Ramesh , Xiang Bing
Published: June 2020

Conversation structure is useful for both understanding the nature of conversation dynamics and for providing features for many downstream applications such as summarization of conversations. In this work, we define the problem of conversation structure modeling as identifying the parent utterance(s) to which each utterance in the conversation responds to. Previous work usually took a pair of utterances to decide whether one utterance is the parent of the other. We believe the entire ancestral history is a very important information source to make accurate prediction. Therefore, we design a novel masking mechanism to guide the ancestor flow, and leverage the transformer model to aggregate all ancestors to predict parent utterances. Our experiments are performed on the Reddit dataset (Zhang, Culbertson, and Paritosh 2017) and the Ubuntu IRC dataset (Kummerfeld et al. 2019). In addition, we also report experiments on a new larger corpus from the Reddit platform and release this dataset. We show that the proposed model, that takes into account the ancestral history of the conversation, significantly outperforms several strong baselines including the BERT model on all datasets.
Osmanlıda Resmi Kandil Merâsimleri ve Mûsikî
Authors: Şen İhsan
Published: June 2020

Öz
Bu çalışmada, II. Abdülhamid döneminde icra edilen resmi kandil merâsimleri ve bu merâsimlerin mûsikî yönü ele alınmaktadır. Bu merâsimlerin geçmişteki icra yöntemlerinin araştırılması ve doğru tahlil edilmesi, gelecekte icra edilecek kandil merâsim içeriklerinin daha sağlıklı belirlenmesi noktasında önem arz etmektedir. Osmanlı arşiv belgelerine ve tarih kaynaklarına dayanılarak hazırlanan bu makalenin giriş bölümünde Osmanlıda kandil merâsimleri hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmektedir. Makalenin ilk bölümünde II. Abdülhamid döneminde resmi olarak icra edilen Mevlid Kandili Merâsimleri, ikinci bölümünde dönemin Regaib Kandili Merâsimleri, üçüncü bölümünde Berat Kandili Merâsimleri, dördüncü bölümünde Kadir Gecesi ve beşinci bölümünde Mirac Kandili Merâsimleri tarih, teşrifât ve mûsikî açısından ele alınmaktadır. Makalenin son bölümünde ise dönemin kandil merâsimlerinin kültür tarihimiz açısından önemi ve günümüzdeki kandil merâsimlerine potansiyel katkıları hakkında genel bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular ve sunulan değerlendirmeler, kültürümüzde önemli bir yeri olan kandil merâsim icralarının dününün daha iyi anlaşılmasına ve bugününün daha iyi değerlendirilmesine katkılar sunabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dini Mûsikî, Osmanlı, Kandil, Merâsim, Teşrifât.
Abstract
This article explores official candle night ceremonies performed during the reign of Abdulhamid II and the musical aspects of these ceremonies. Research on past performance styles of these ceremonies and their right analysis may contribute to the development of the content of future candle night ceremonies in a better way. Written relying on Ottoman archival documents and historical sources, this article presents general information about Ottoman candle night ceremonies in its introduction section. The first part of the article explores Mawlid Candle Ceremonies carried out in the reign of Abdulhamid II; the second part looks at Ragaip Candle Night Ceremonies; the third section, Berat Candle Night (Laylat al-baraa) Ceremonies; the fourth part, Qadr Night and the fifth, Miraj Candle Night Ceremonies. The last part of the article presents a general evaluation on the significance of these ceremonies in our cultural history and potential contributions of candle night ceremonies of the period to today’s candle night ceremonies. The findings and evaluations presented in this study may contribute to having a better understanding of the past of candle night ceremonies that have an important place in our history and making a better evaluation of the present state of these ceremonies.
Keywords: Religious Music, Ottoman, Candle Night, Ceremony, Performance.
Awareness of and intention to use an online sexually transmitted and blood-borne infection testing service among gay and bisexual men in British Columbia, two years after implementation
Authors: Dulai Joshun , Salway Travis , Thomson Kimberly , Haag Devon , Lachowsky Nathan , Grace Daniel , Edward Joshua , Grennan Troy , Trussler Terry , Gilbert Mark
Published: June 2020

Objectives

This study assessed gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men’s (GBMSM) awareness of and intention to use GetCheckedOnline, an online sexually transmitted and blood-borne infection (STBBI) testing service.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted two years after launch among GBMSM > 18 years of age in British Columbia, Canada. Participants were recruited through community venues, clinics, websites, and apps.

Results

Of 1272 participants, 32% were aware of GetCheckedOnline. Gay identity, regularly testing at an STBBI clinic, being out to one’s healthcare provider, attending GBMSM community venues, and frequent social media use were associated with awareness. Among participants who were aware but had not used GetCheckedOnline, knowing GetCheckedOnline users, using social media, not knowing where else to test, and not wanting to see a doctor were associated with intention to use GetCheckedOnline.

Conclusion

Early promotion of GetCheckedOnline resulted in greater awareness among those connected to GBMSM.
Collecting eDNA from marine water samples in the field v1
Authors: Nijland Reindert
Published: June 2020

This protocol describes the process of collecting eDNA from marine water samples in the field and four different approaches for preservation of filters with eDNA as well as eDNA extraction: Qiagen DNeasy kit Zymo DNA/RNA shield Longmire’s solution Alternative methods
The differential effects of cooking methods on the nutritional properties and quality attributes of meat from various animal sources
Authors: Olagunju Aderonke Ibidunni , Nwachukwu Ifeanyi Daniel
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the various effects of two food product processing methods (boiling and grilling) on the nutritional composition
(fatty acid, amino acid profiles) of meat from cows, goats, and rabbits. Freshly slaughtered animals were cleaned and subjected to boiling and grilling. Cooking loss varied with cooking methods; grilling
resulted in the highest cooking loss, especially in cow meat (52.95%). Data from the proximate composition analysis revealed that both raw and grilled meat samples of rabbit meat contained the highest amount of protein (22.93 and 22.20 %, respectively) when compared to the corresponding samples from the other two animal sources. Additionally, rabbit meat contained a low level of fat (1.85%), which was not significantly different than the boiled samples (1.75, 1.76 %). Boiling and grilling significantly increased the in vitro protein digestibility of meat. The meat showed significant sources of both essential and non-essential amino acids. Rabbit meat showed a higher proportion of essential amino acids and a higher protein efficiency ratio. Boiled goat meat had a lower proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA), boiled meat had higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) than its grilled counterpart. Goat meat showed a favourable fatty acid profile. Thus, goat and rabbit meat are healthier alternatives to beef, and both boiling and grilling are useful in maintaining the nutritional qualities of meat.
Associação do estado nutricional ao consumo de nutrientes em gestantes
Authors: Anjos Fabiana Cândida de Queiroz Santos , Moreira Renata Andrade de Medeiros , Brito Junior Edison Benedito da Luz , Araújo Marcello Levigne Silva , Pires Felipe de Pina , Pinheiro Brunna Tayná Soares , Pereira Renata Junqueira
Published: June 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o consumo de nutrientes entre gestantes, associando-o a inadequações do estado nutricional. Estudo transversal, com 96 gestantes do Tocantins, avaliando o perfil socioeconômico e da gestação atual. Dois recordatórios de 24 horas avaliaram a ingestão de nutrientes. A suplementação de nutrientes esteve inadequada em 77% das mulheres; 64% apresentaram excesso de peso pré-gestacional, sendo que 42% o mantiveram durante a gravidez. A inadequação de ganho de peso na gestação foi observada em 74% e as ingestões diárias de energia (p=0,019) e lipídeos (p=0,003) foram significativamente diferentes entre os estratos de estado nutricional pré-gestacional. Das gestantes com baixo peso, 60% ingeriram proteínas e 45% consumiram energia abaixo da recomendação. As ingestões diárias de macro e micronutrientes estavam inadequadas na população, influenciando negativamente o ganho de peso gestacional e o estado nutricional. A má nutrição traz consequências indesejáveis para o binômio, devendo ser precocemente detectada e corrigida.
Vitamin D supplementation attenuates acute inflammatory response
Authors: Oliveira Jessica Faggion Pinheiro de , Cansi Andrieli , Rocha Bruno Ambrósio , Bersani-Amado Ciomar Aparecida , Caparroz-Assef Silvana Martins
Published: June 2020

This study evaluated the effects of daily vitamin D supplementation on the acute inflammatory response in experimental model by different phlogistic agents: carrageenan, prostaglandin and dextran. Animals (rats) orally received (gavage) a single dose of vitamin D or daily supplementation for 7, 15 or 30 days prior to paw edema induced. Vitamin D supplementation for 15 and 30 days significantly reduced the carrageenan-induced inflammatory process, which could be at least partially explained by the reduction of tumor necrosis factor α levels (TNFα). Results indicate that vitamin D supplementation may be a useful therapeutic adjuvant for controlling the acute inflammatory process.
Infestação pelo mosquito Aedes albopictus em um Município da Região Oeste de Santa Catarina
Authors: Lutinski Junir Antônio , Bollis Eliane Aparecida , Serena Adriely Block , Muller Fritzen Douglas Michel , Busato Maria Assunta , Roman Júnior Walter Antonio , Simões Daniel Albeny
Published: June 2020

O mosquito Aedes albopictus possui ampla distribuição em regiões tropicais, bem como nos países de clima temperado e tem sido apontado pela literatura científica como importante para a saúde pública. Observa-se a carência de estudos acerca da infestação, dispersão e a associação da espécie com o grau de urbanização, criadouros, tipos de imóveis e sazonalidade. Este estudo teve como objetivos, dentre outros, analisar a evolução da infestação por A. albopictus ao longo de um gradiente de urbanização. O estudo teve como referência geográfica o município de Chapecó (SC). Para avaliar a dispersão e a flutuação populacional foi criado um gradiente de urbanização. Para avaliar a tendência da infestação em cada região no período, foram utilizadas análises de regressão linear. A infestação pelo mosquito foi maior nas regiões periurbanas e rurais e menor nas regiões mais urbanizadas. Os resultados encontrados são relevantes no planejamento e na implantação de ações de prevenção das arboviroses transmitidas.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATI
Authors: Mayasri Hani Nur
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) terhadap keterampilan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Salatiga tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 7 Salatiga. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik Cluster Random Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes berupa soal uraian sebanyak 5 butir soal. Berdasarkan analisis data terhadap skor posttest menggunakan uji-t dengan bantuan software IBM SPSS Statistics 25 diperoleh koefisien Sig. (2-tailed) = 0,000 0,05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan rata-rata skor posttest antara kelas eksperimen dengan kelas kontrol. Berdasarkan data empiris hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata skor posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 79,26 dan rata-rata skor posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 68,19, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa rata-rata skor posttest kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Adapun hasil analisis data terhadap skor N-gain menunjukkan bahwa skor N-gain kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan skor N-gain kelas kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran CIRC lebih efektif terhadap keterampilan menyelesaikan soal cerita matematika dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional.
Effectiveness of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) Approach Towards Mathematics Learning Achievement on Point, Line and Field Material in Three Dimensions
Authors: Bakhtiar Imam , Kurniati Lenny , Nayazik Akhmad
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the STEM approach to mathematics learning achievement in class XI Machining Engineering Expertise Competency at SMK NU Maarif Kudus. The research objects are class XI TP 4 (control class) and class XI TP 5 (experimental class) in the 2019/2020 school year. This type of research is quantitative research with posttest only control design. The sample selection was based on observations and recommendations from the mathematics teacher and obtained class XI TP 5 as an experimental class was treated with the learning process with the STEM approach and class XI TP 4 as a control class. The t test results (independent sample t-test) showed that the Sig. (2-tailed) 0.036 0.05. This means that from the hypothesis that was built, Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. From the results of tests conducted it can be said that there are significant mean differences between classes with the STEM approach compared with the scientific approach. Besides the STEM approach is more effective in giving an impact on student achievement.
BEAUTY AND UGLINESS IN THE POETRY COLLECTION MAULĪDAL-DIBA' I BY ABDURRAHMAN AL-DIBA'I: A SIEGELIAN AESTHETICS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Manshur Fadlil Munawwar
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The formal objective of this study is to explore the beauty and ugliness contained within the poetry collection Maulīd Al-Diba'i, an Arabic-language text that conveys messages of beauty and ugliness in its verses. The material of this study is the poetry collection Maulīd Al-Diba'i, which was written by Imam Wajihuddin 'Abdur Rahman bin Muhammad bin 'Umar bin 'Ali bin Yusuf bin Ahmad bin 'Umar ad-Diba'ieasy-Syaibani al-Yamani az-Zabidiasy-Syafi'i (henceforth Abdur Rahman Al-Diba'i). Methodology: The current research is descriptive that explains the crux of poetry. For this purpose the poetry collection Maulīd Al-Diba' I was used and analysed. To achieve the objective analytical method was used. .Main Findings: Based on the analysis, it may be concluded that the poetry collection Maulīd Al-Diba'i is a work of Arabic-language Islamic literature that was influenced by the verses of the Qur'an and their beauty. The verses of Maulīd Al-Diba'i are conveyed through the language of prayers, hopes, and blessings. These prayers, hopes, and blessings contain within them their beauty, both at the surface and below it. The poet, Abdurrahman Al-Diba'i, readily conveys his prayers, hopes, and blessings by briefly retelling the story of the Prophet Muhammad's travels to spread Islam throughout the Arabian Peninsula. Implications/Applications: This article applies the theory of aesthetic realism, which contains within it two key concepts: physical beauty and divine beauty. Physical beauty is related to the perceptions of the senses, and is cognitive, cultural, and natural, whereas divine beauty is perceived through the mind and promotes awareness and mental experience. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research will uncover the facts that on what basis, in the poetry collection Maulīd Al-Diba'i, is there a dominant message of beauty that is expressed explicitly and opposed with a message of ugliness that is expressed implicitly. It will also add to literature explaining that the text Maulīd Al-Diba'i may be understood as a tool for satisfying the spiritual demands of readers and enabling them to contemplate their religion.
QUESTIONING THE RELEVANCE OF SOLUTION pH CALCULATION
Authors: De Oliveira André Fernando
Published: June 2020

A brief discussion on the unnecessary calculation of pH in solution was done, as the historical reasons for this need before the invention of commercial pH meter was widely diffused. An alternative approach for acid-base equilibrium evaluation was proposed, without approximation or need of application only for simple solutions. The central aspect for the new approach is the determination of equilibrium concentration of all chemical species in solution, including the strong acid or base concentration for adjusting of pH of solutions. Therefore, the proposed method allowed the calculation in a mixture, including several polyprotic systems. Two detailed examples were presented. The effective electrical charge parameter was formally defined.
The Narrow Internal Auditory Canal with Triplication on the Left Side and with Duplication on the Right Side: Radiological Findings
Authors: KORKMAZ Aydın
Published: June 2020

The constricted internal auditory canal with duplication or triplication of the temporal bone is a very rare anomaly with only 23 cases in 16 reports in the literature, and only one of them is a constricted triplicated internal auditory canal (IAC) in which contralateral IAC is normal. We present the case with the right-sided constricted duplicated IAC and the left-sided narrow triplicated internal auditory canal. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed that the internal auditory canals separated by a bony septum into two canals on the right lateral and into three canals on the left lateral. Manyetik resonance (MR) imaging showed bilateral aplasia of cohlear nerve.
Kształtowanie wizerunku wybranych grup dyspozycyjnych
Authors: Klein Grzegorz
Published: June 2020

Badania zrekapitulowane w niniejszym artykule poświęcono identyfikacji korzyści wynikają-cych z posiadania przez wybrane grupy dyspozycyjne dobrego wizerunku. Przyjęto, że dla Wojska Polskiego, Policji i Państwowej Straży Pożarnej można sformułować katalog tożsamych wizerunko-wych korzyści ułatwiających zapewnianie bezpieczeństwa. W celu weryfikacji tego założenia prze-prowadzono analizę użyteczności dobrego wizerunku dla wybranych grup dyspozycyjnych, następ-nie dokonano syntezy wyodrębnionych elementów.

Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań przyjęto, że opracowany katalog wizerunkowych ko-rzyści może być użytecznym narzędziem w zakresie badania kształtowania wizerunku oraz rela-cji ze społeczeństwem zarówno wyodrębnionych na użytek tego badania Wojska Polskiego, Policji i Państwowej Straży Pożarnej, jak i innych grup dyspozycyjnych.
Od wspomożyciela do wroga — o doświadczeniach współpracy z policją z perspektywy rodzin osób zaginionych długotrwale
Authors: Urbaniak Aneta
Published: June 2020

Celem artykułu jest opis jakości współpracy pomiędzy Policją a  bliskimi osób zaginionych. Współpraca ta rozpoczyna się od ustanowienia wspólnego celu, jakim jest odnalezienie osoby zagi-nionej. W kontekście badań własnych autorki artykuł omawia zidentyfikowane uprzednio kontro-wersje dotyczące jakości formalnego systemu poszukiwań osób zaginionych. Wykorzystany materiał empiryczny pochodzi z wywiadów narracyjnych. W artykule przedstawiono jedynie perspektywę rodzin osób zaginionych. Zidentyfikowano i omówiono trzy podstawowe problemy dotyczące jako-ści współpracy pomiędzy tymi podmiotami.
Diagnoza potrzeb edukacyjnych w zakresie bezpieczeństwa osobistego w percepcji uczniów szkół podstawowych na przykładzie miasta powiatowego
Authors: Pychner Małgorzata
Published: June 2020

W niniejszym referacie zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych mających na celu zidentyfikowa-nie potrzeb i oczekiwań uczniów szkół podstawowych i gimnazjów wobec edukacji dla bezpieczeństwa. Przystępując do realizacji badań, punktem wyjścia uczyniono stwierdzenie, że aby skutecznie oddziały-wać na młodzież w zakresie bezpiecznych zachowań, należy dokonywać analizy zagrożeń charaktery-stycznych dla regionu, jak również diagnozować potrzeby samych odbiorców. Badaniami objęto grupę

uczniów z trzech szkół znajdujących się na terenie Garwolina — jednego z miast powiatowych w wo-jewództwie mazowieckim. Ich celem było zdefiniowanie oczekiwań edukacyjnych młodzieży w kwestii bezpieczeństwa personalnego ograniczonego do zagrożeń związanych z przestępczością i patologiami społecznymi, które mogą stanowić podstawę do implementacji wskazywanych przez respondentów kwe-stii w działania szkół i instytucji realizujących zadania na rzecz bezpieczeństwa w regionie.
Princípios avaliativos para biblioteca universitária
Authors: Maia Marcos Felipe Gonçalves , Guerra Maria das Graças Gonçalves Vieira
Published: June 2020

Este artigo trata da avaliação da biblioteca universitária no contexto do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES). Objetiva propor um modelo de princípios avaliativos para a biblioteca universitária que ultrapasse a simples verificação e atualização de acervos. Usa-se como metodologia pesquisa documental e bibliográfica com aportes de dados advindos de estudo de usuários e de relato de experiência da extensão universitária, realizados na Universidade Federal do Tocantins. Como resultado, apresenta-se um modelo de seis etapas: 1) visão global; 2) definição dos produtos e serviços; 3) identificação das necessidades dos interagentes; 4) avaliação contínua dos processos; 5) marketing; e 6) melhoria contínua. Conclui reforçando esse modelo para que as bibliotecas universitárias sejam avaliadas como da melhor qualidade e não como simples depósitos de livros.
Synthesis of New Organoselenium Compounds: Characterization and Biological Studies
Authors: Naz Nimra , Saqib Saima , Ashraf Rizwan , Majeed Muhammad Irfan , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan
Published: June 2020

Two new organoselenium analogs, (3,3'-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(2-selenoxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole-3,1-diyl))bis(methylene) dibenzoate (III) and 3,3'-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(1-benzyl-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-selenone) (V), were derived from newly synthesized organic salts 1,1'-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(3-(2-phenoxyacetyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium) chloride (II) and 1,1'-(1,2-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(3-benzyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium) chloride (IV), and each was characterized by various analytical techniques, such as Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–visible, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry/Photodiode array (UHPL-MS/PDA). All synthesized compounds were tested for their antioxidant and anticancer potential. Very good radical scavenging results were obtained for salts II and IV, with cell viability values of 84.6±3.5 and 56.7±5.5%, respectively, compared to their organoselenium adducts. All synthesized products showed significant activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, but compounds II and III showed better results, with cell viability values of 40.5±2.0% and 34.4±1.5%, respectively.
Pre-Operative Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol Compliance Towards Major Surgery Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Rifa'i Ahmad Sabili , Sari Gadis Meinar , Budipramana Vicky Sumarki
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The implementation of ERAS protocol can optimize patients after surgery, which in turn can reduce burdens both for patient and hospital. The purpose of this study is to describe the compliance and consistency of ERAS in the pre-operative period of surgery patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Methods: We conducted consecutive observation of major surgical patients for 4 weeks. The type of surgery observed was digestive, thoracic and cardiovascular, and gynecological surgery. The pre-operative period will be calculated for compliance based on the ERAS international protocol. All data of compliance presented descriptively.s.Results: A total of 36 major surgery patients of which 7 (19,4%) were digestive surgeries, 14 (38,9%) were thoracic and cardiovascular surgeries, and 15 (41,7%) were gynecological surgeries. Overall compliance of the ERAS protocol in the pre-operative period of major surgery patients was 91%. The compliance of ERAS protocol in the pre-operative period of digestive surgery patients was 80%, in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery patients was 93,4% and gynecologic surgery patients was 84.3%. Major surgery patients with ≥90% compliance was 25%. Digestive surgery patients with ≥90% compliance was 0%. Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery patients with ≥90% compliance was 64,3%. Gynecologic surgery patients with ≥90% compliance was 0%.Conclusion: : Pre-operative elements of ERAS protocol in major surgery including digestive, thoracic and cardiovascular, and gynecologic surgery in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya needs to be improved.
THE ROLE OF "PAGUYUBAN REMAJA PEDULI AIDS SIDOARJO" (PARPAS) ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND ACTION FOR HIV/AIDS PREVENTION IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN SIDOARJO
Authors: Pratiwi Adelia Dwi , Purnomo Windhu
Published: June 2020

There were total of 2,100,000 new HIV infections worldwide and 1,500,000 deaths from AIDS recorded in 2013. The total HIV/AIDS cases in 2017 in Sidoarjo reached 476 cases and cumulatively reached 1,245 cases. HIV/AIDS is a well-known topic among teenagers. Teenagers are often associated with physical development in puberty phase which usually followed by sexual development. Furthermore, they also experience changes emotionally and physically which are projected in their behavior and attitude.  These circumstances make teenagers prone to the risky behavior towards HIV/AIDS transmission. This study aims to analyze the role of "Paguyuban Peduli HIV/AIDS Sidoarjo" or PARPAS on teenagers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior towards HIV/AIDS prevention. This research is an observational analytic using cross-sectional research design. The population of the study is all students of SMAN 1 Taman and SMAN 1 Sidoarjo, 2,370 students in total. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling and the sample size is 100 students. The result shows that there is correlation between PARPAS role on knowledge and attitude of students' in Sidoarjo towards HIV/AIDS prevention. Nevertheless, there is no correlation between PARPAS role on students' behavior towards HIV/AIDS prevention. Suggestions concluded from the results are including early detection, attempt in joining organization related to HIV/AIDS awareness, and health education given to both students and parents.
FORECASTING OF UNMET NEEDS PERCENTAGE IN EAST JAVA PROVINCE USING AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE (ARIMA) METHOD
Authors: Styaningsih Feri
Published: June 2020

ARIMA uses present and past values as the dependent variable. The accuracy of the ARIMA forecasting method results is good to be used to obtain short-term forecasts. Compared to other time series methods, the advantage of ARIMA method is that it can be used in the percentage of unmet needs data in East Java Province since ARIMA method does not require any specific data motives. Unmet need is a group of women who do not want to have any more children or want to minimize their pregnancy but refuse to use contraception to prevent pregnancy. This study aims to determine the percentage of unmet needs in East Java Province in the future. This study will analyze the value of forecasting and determine the best model for ARIMA. The data used is the monthly data of unmet needs percentage of East Java Province starting from January 2014 to April 2019 (64 data plots). The results showed that the percentage of the number of unmet needs in East Java Province can be predicted using ARIMA model (12,1,0) without constant. The model is based on ARIMA (12,1,0) diagnostic test without constant meeting all the test requirements. The results of forecasting held a MAPE value of 2.369% and MAE of 0.26%. Based on MAPE and MAE, the model has a very good forecasting ability with a fairly small error value. Forecasting results indicated fluctuations in unmet needs data, where from December 2019 to February 2020 there was an increase in number of unmet needs in East Java Province. In the interim, starting in March 2020, the data needs in East Java Province tend to be constant at a higher position than the previous increase.
USAHA PRODUKSI JAMU TERSTANDAR DI PEDESAAN (VILLAGE JAMOE CENTRE) SECARA AGROINDUSTRI MELALUI TEKNOLOGI 6 M SIMPLISIA MENUJU MASYARAKAT SEHAT CERDAS
Authors: Zakaria Sunarni , Wurlina Wurlina , Basori Achmad , Hasanatuludhiyah Nurina , Meles Dewa Ketut
Published: June 2020

Herbal medicine business is sideline business for mothers largely. Education and training participants of Ipteks bagi Masyarakat (IbM) event not to be organized professionally. The purposes of IbM program are: 1) improve the knowledge of herbal medicine plants 2) improve skilss in selecting, drying , mixing , grinding and make simplicia (6M) 3) increase the eﬃcacy and instant herbal production (dry form) and 4) to develop human resources in the processing of herbs. Methods of IbM program is cooperating with UMKM to held Ipteks bagi Masyarakat (IbM) on knowledge of medicinal plants. Education and training to participants of UMKM business groups that the eﬃcacy of medicinal plants used by the community, how to make retrieval and instant empon- empon and technology of 6 M simplicia. Results IbM activity is a member of UMKM has already implement 1) manufacture in sorting bulbs between the leaves, stems and roots 2) apply the harvest time of toga 3) ways to avoid losing the drying properties 4) herbal packs are labeled (powder or in capsules) and increased income herbal vendors . It is suggested that activities of IbM held continuously every year to monitor the development of UMKM in order to be become the center of herbs by involving students to create new entrepreneurs.  AbstrakBisnis obat herbal merupakan usaha sampingan bagi ibu sebagian besar. Peserta pelatihan dan pelatihan Ipteks bagi Masyarakat (IbM) tidak diorganisir secara profesional. Tujuan program IbM adalah: 1) meningkatkan pengetahuan tanaman jamu 2) memperbaiki skill dalam memilih, mengeringkan, mencampur, menggiling dan membuat simplisia (6M) 3) meningkatkan khasiat dan produksi jamu instan dan 4) untuk mengembangkan sumber daya manusia dalam pengolahan tumbuhan. Metode program IbM bekerja sama dengan UMKM untuk menyelenggarakan Ipteks bagi Masyarakat (IbM) tentang pengetahuan tanaman obat. Pendidikan dan pelatihan kepada peserta kelompok usaha UMKM bahwa khasiat tanaman obat yang digunakan oleh masyarakat, bagaimana membuat teko dan teko empuk dan teknologi 6 M simplicia. Hasil Kegiatan IbM adalah anggota UMKM yang telah menerapkan 1) pembuatan dalam memilah umbi antara daun, batang dan akar 2) mengaplikasikan waktu panen toga 3) cara menghindari kehilangan sifat pengeringan 4) bungkusan herbal diberi label (bedak atau dalam kapsul) dan meningkatkan pendapatan penjual herbal. Disarankan agar kegiatan IbM terus dilakukan setiap tahun untuk memantau perkembangan UMKM agar bisa menjadi pusat tanaman obat dengan melibatkan siswa untuk menciptakan wirausaha baru.
PELATIHAN BUDIDAYA JAMUR SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK USAHA DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI PASCA ERUPSI GUNUNG KELUD
Authors: Sulistyowati Melanny Ika , Ekowati Juni , Poernomo Achmad Toto
Published: June 2020

The eruption of Mount Kelud that occurred in early February 2014 resulted in severe damages in its surrounding areas. It destroyed many public facilities and agricultural lands. On the other hand, the local people around that area are mostly work as farmers and ranchers. Therefore, at that time, they could not perform farming activities, thus became weakened economically. Training on cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus (Jamur Tiram) mushroom could be a useful program for helping this suﬀered community to get good economic life back. Through this program, the local people in the area of Mount Kelud obtained new entrepreneurship skill for mushroom cultivation, thus achieved their independent economy after the eruption.AbstrakLetusan Gunung Kelud yang terjadi pada awal Februari 2014 mengakibatkan kerusakan parah di beberapa daerah dan menghancurkan banyak fasilitas umum dan lahan pertanian. Di sisi lain, sebagian besar masyarakat yang tinggal di sana adalah petani dan peternak. Para petani dan peternak ini tidak bisa melakukan aktivitas mereka dan menjadi lemah secara ekonomi. Melatih mereka untuk mengolah jamur tiram (Pleurotus ostreatus) bisa menjadi pemecahan masalah yang baik untuk membantu masyarakat ini mendapatkan kehidupan ekonomi yang baik. Melalui program ini, para penduduk desa di lokasi sekitar gunung Kelud bisa mendapatkan keterampilan kewirausahaan baru untuk mencapai ekonomi mandiri setelah bencana.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN ES KRIM SAYURAN (MELORIN) KAYA KAROTEN SEBAGAI PROGRAM PEMBERDAYAAN IBU-IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI KECAMATAN GUBENG, SURABAYA
Authors: Miatmoko Andang , Purwati Tutiek , Rosita Noorma , Rijal Muhammad Agus Syamsur , Retnowati Dini
Published: June 2020

The low consumption rate of vegetables and fruits in Indonesian population becomes major concerns for health improvement. Ice cream is a type of food that is favored by all people in various ages, even for adults. Training on making vegetable-based ice cream or melorin was held as an eﬀort to provide alternative intake form of vegetables and fruits. The training program was implemented with the partner are housewives community in Gubeng district, Surabaya, especially for those of residents of Gubeng and Mojo sub-districts areas, which have relatively big number of members. The training on making vegetable-based ice cream can be an alternative way to improve people’s nutrition and provide skills to empower local communities.AbstrakRendahnya angka kecukupan konsumsi sayur dan buah dibandingkan angka gizi seimbang pada penduduk Indonesia menjadi perhatian utama bagi upaya peningkatan kesehatan keluarga. Pelatihan pembuatan es krim berbasis sayuran atau melorin diadakan sebagai salah satu wadah untuk memberikan bentuk asupan sayur alternatif dikarenakan produk ini gemar dikonsumsi oleh berbagai kalangan, baik anak-anak, remaja, maupun dewasa. Program ini dilaksanakan dengan mitra sasaran adalah ibu-ibu rumah tangga anggota PKK di wilayah Kecamatan Gubeng Kotamadya Surabaya khususnya warga Kelurahan Gubeng dan Kelurahan Mojo, yang mana memiliki jumlah anggota yang berprofesi sebagai ibu rumah tangga relatif besar. Dengan demikian, pelatihan ini dapat menjadi salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki gizi masyarakat sekaligus memberikan bekal keterampilan untuk pemberdayaan masyarakat setempat.