bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transposition and expression of GEP gene in the genome of Vibrio harveyi to monitor its adherence in shrimp larvae
Authors: Suwanto Antonius
Published: February 2019

Expression of green fluorescent protein encoded by GFP gene in Vibrio harveyi was investigated to understand the ability of the gene as a molecular marker for adherence of this pathogenic Vibrio in shrimp larvae. The GFP gene was inserted into pUC18Not and pUTmini-Tn5 to generate a recombinant plasmid pWGO2 and pWGO3, respectively, which was transferred into the three isolates of V. harveyi employing diparental mating. Recombinant E. coli carrying pWGO2 and pWGO3 resulted in green-fluorescent colonies and cells due to the production of GFP. However, al1 of mini-Tn5, including mini-Tn5-gfp were not successful1y transferred to V. harveyi. Therefore, we used mini-Tn10 (pLOFKm-gfp) for inserting of gfp gene into V. harveyi genome. Although we could obtain relatively high (l0 pangkat -8) transconjugans employing Tn10, only one of Tnl0 derived isolate of V. harveyi G3 (G3-Tn1Ogfp) showed gfp expression and was further employed for adherence assay. Fluorescent 03-TnlOgfp cells could be observed inside the digestive tract of shrimp larvae and could be distinguished from vibrio that naturally exist in shrimp larvae.
EMBRYO RECONSTRUCTION BY TRANSPLANTATION OF THE DONOR INNER CELL MASS TO THE RECIPIENT BOVINE BLASTOCYST
Authors: BOEDIONO ARIEF
Published: February 2019

In an attempt to produce the interspecies embryo transfer, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the production of reconstructed blastocyst by transferring the donor ICM into the recipient trophoblast. ICM cells were isolated from the donor blastocyst by immunosurgery method. Zona-free blastocysts were incubated in the medium (TCM-199) containing 20% of the heat-inactivated rabbit anti-bovine-serum. The embryo reconstruction was produced by three different methods. Recipient blastocyst was maintained on the holding pipette by gentle suction, with the ICM in a 9 o'clock position to have the possibility of developing incorporate ICMs (Method I), the ICM was in a 3 o'clock position to break the original ICM during injection (Method 2); cutting the original recipient ICM followed by insertion of the donor ICM (Method 3). Reconstructed blastocysts were then cultured overnight and examined morphologically according to the re-expansion of the reconstructed blastocyst with or without developed donor ICM. According to morphological observation in this study, 37.9% of the reconstructed blastocyst developed with the incorporation of two ICM originally from recipient and donor (Method I), 66.7% of the reconstructed blastocysts developed with a single ICM (Method 2), and 80.0% of the reconstructed blastocyst developed from the ICM originally from donor ICM (Method 3). These results showed that the reconstructed blastocyst is better produced by cutting the original recipient ICM followed by the insertion of the donor ICM (Method 3).Key words: embryo reconstruction, immunosurgery, ICM transfer, bovine.
CHARACTERIZATION OF STREPTOMYCES sp. 45I-3 XYLANASE
Authors: Meryandini Anja , Saprudin Deden , Prihandono Prima Agung , Akhdiya Alina , Hendarwin Trio
Published: February 2019

Streptomyces sp 45I-3 producing xylanase was isolated from Kalimantan soil sample. Crude enzyme (produced by centrifuging the culture at 14000 rpm for about 5 minutes) and purified xylanase has an optimum condition at pH 5 and 50 oC.Â  Crude xylanase have half-life time of 2 hours 9 minute at 50 oC, whereas purified xylanase has half-life time of 12 hours. The molecular mass of purified xylanase was determined to be 43.2 and 39.2 kDa.
ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND TOPOISOMERASE-I INHIBITOR ACTIVITIES OF THE COASTAL ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT Pemphis acidula
Authors: Hardjito Linawati
Published: February 2019

Pemphis acidula stem bark had been used traditionally in Indonesia to treat Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis This research was conducted to examine the biological activities of its extract as antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor. The latter mentioned is one of the target molecules for anticancer drug. The antibacterial activity was examined using disc diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus mutans. The antioxidant activity was measured using superoxide radical scavenging activityassay. Topoisomerase-Inhibitor activity was determined using the method reported by TopoGEN. The chloroform extract did not show antibacterial activity and it has low antioxidant activity (48.5%). The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts positively inhibited the growth of target bacteria at concentration of 0.3-mg/paper disk. It also showed high antioxidant activity. At concentration of 250 Âµg/ml both extracts were able to scavenge superoxide free radicals which was 94.8% and 83.4% for ethyl acetate and methanol extract, respectively. The methanol extract also inhibited topoisomerase-I activity at concentration of 7.5 Âµg/ml.Â  The results suggest that there is a correlation between antibacterial, antioxidant and topoisomerase-I inhibitor activity. The stem bark extracts contain biologically active compounds that could be potential for nutraceutical or pharmaceutical development.
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF Fimbristylis miliacea (L.)Vahl
Authors: Begum Mahfuza , Juraimi Abdul Shukor , Amartalingam Rajan , Bin Syed Rastan Syed Omar , Bin Man Azmi
Published: February 2019

This experiment was conducted in the glasshouse of Universiti Putra Malaysia, to determine the growth and development of Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl. Twenty F. miliacea seeds were surface sown in ten plastic buckets of 18 cm diameter filled with 3 kg soil. After germination only one plant/bucket was retained. Time of first seedling emergence, time and number of leaves appearing until first tiller formation, time of tiller formation, first inflorescence, the first 10 inflorescences appearance and their maturity were recorded for each plant. Plant height and the number of inflorescence per plant was recorded weekly for up to 4 months after sowing. The first ten inflorescences for each plant were tagged after emergence, subsequently mature inflorescences were collected and the numbers of spikelets/inflorescence, seeds/inflorescence, seeds/ plant and 1000 seed weight were determined. Statistical analysis was performed as complete randomized design on weekly observed plant height and inflorescence number using the SAS statistical software and means were tested using Tukeyâ€™s studentized range test at the 5% level of probability. Fimbristylis miliacea seedlings emerged at 3 days after planting of seeds. Approximate times required for the sequential production of 10 leaves, tillers, first 10 inflorescence and their maturity were 28 days after emergence (DAE), 35 DAE, 49 DAE, 63 DAE, respectively. Plant height increased rapidly from 3-8 WAE and maximum plant height (64.05 cm) was attained at 10 WAE. This species had three important growth stages: a slow growth stage during the first 4 week after emergence (WAE); a rapid growth stage from 4-9 WAE; and finally, a maximum growth stage from 9-17 WAE. Within this first 4 weeks after emergence would be the most appropriate time for controlling this species with early post emergence herbicides. Each F. miliacea plant produced on average of 2.3 tillers/plant and a total of 134 inflorescences, with 84 inflorescences/plant ripening within this period. Each inflorescence comprised of 48 spikelets with 511 seeds and matured after 3 weeks of emergence. Total seeds/plant and 1000 seed weight were 42,275 and 0.035 g, respectively. Time required for seed ripening was 76 days after emergence.
SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS FROM MERISTEM EXPLANTS OF GINGER
Authors: Rostiana Otih , Syahid Sitti Fatimah
Published: February 2019

The use of planting materials from in vitro culture, especially derived from somatic embryos has some advantages such asÂ  genetically stable and pathogen-free. Meristem culture of ginger through somatic embryogenesis could be a potential method for producing pathogen-free planting materials. Somatic embryogenesis on ginger was performed to obtain vigorous plantlets having the same rhizome size as the mother plant. Callus was induced from meristem tissue of inner bud of Indonesian ginger rhizome Var. Cimanggu-1 and consecutively subcultured into certain media at each steps of experiments. The vigorous embryogenic calli were observedÂ  on MS medium containing 100 mgl-1 glutamine and 2% sucrose with addition of 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D + 3.0 mgl-1 BA. The highest number of somatic embryos (about 82.0.g-1 friable calli) was achieved on that medium, 4 weeks after culturing. Furthermore, the optimum growth of embryogenic calli containing somatic embryo was obtained on MS medium enriched with 6% sucrose. The highest number of mature somatic embryos (57.2 embryos) was achieved on MS medium, 18 days after incubation. The regeneration potency of somatic embryos obtained from ginger meristem was 51.20%.g-1 friable callus. The valuable result of this study was the achievement of normal rhizome size of regenerated plantlets, instead of micro rhizome.
COMPATIBILITY STUDIES OF INTERSPECIFIC IN VITRO MICROGRAFTING OF AGARWOOD (Aquilaria malaccensis LAMK.)
Authors: MATHIUS NURITA TORUAN , SITUMORANG JONNER , RACHMAWATI DEWI RACHMAWATI , ANIDA
Published: February 2019

Aquilaria spp produced agarwood as nonwood  forest production, and has high economic value. A. malaccensis is susceptible to white rot diseases and termites. On the other hand most of the community plantations are a mixed culture with rubber trees, oil palms and with high risk of contamination causing white root diseases. Besides that, vegetative propagation by cuttings, stumping or air layering are still very difficult with low percentage of growth. The objectives of this research were to analyze the best suitable micrograft type, changes of SDS-PAGE protein band patterns of compatible and incompatible micrografts with several combinations of gaharu planlets in in vitro condition, and histology of union area between rootstocks and scion. The results showed that wedge or V type was the best of the micrografs. MS medium with the addition of 3 mg/L IBA was the best medium for gaharu planlet growth after micrografting. Acclimatization was conducted in husk chacoal and top soilÂ  (1:1) mediumÂ  and grown under plastic house of 70% shading with paranet. Compatible combination (Ac/Am) of micrografting showed that anatomy structure of union area is the same as anatomy structure of non micrograftd planlet. While incompatible (Gv/Am)Â  micrografting produced necrotic layer growth from pith and parenchymateous tissues of the wood in union areaÂ Â  alongÂ  the middle of radialÂ  shoot. Recovery period of union area between stocks and scion is initiated by callus formation from the pith and parenchymatous tissues of the wood. Callus will differentiate into mature cells or tissue and becomeÂ  combinedÂ  phloem and xylem vessels between rootstocks and scion. SDS-PAGE protein band pattern on compatible combination was the same as plants originated from seedlings. While, incompatible combination produced new protein bands with molecular weight around  21 and 30 kD.
Key words : Agarwood, Aquilaria spp, micrografting in vitro, incompatible micrografting, SDS-PAGE protein, incompatible histology.
EFFECT OF PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTATION IN SOYBEAN MEAL BASED DIET ON NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GREEN CATFISH (Hemibagrus nemurus)
Authors: JUSADI DEDI , YULISMAN  , MOKOGINTA ING
Published: February 2019

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of phytase supplemented to the diet on phosphorus (P) digestibility and growth performance of the green catfish Hemibagrus nemurus. Five kinds of experimental diets were used in this experiment, namely diets A, B, C, D and E. Diet A, as a control, was supplemented with inorganic P, without phytase supplementation. Diet B, C, D and E were supplemented with 0, 20, 40 and 60 mg phytase/100 g soybean meal (SBM), respectively, without inorganic P supplementation. Fifteen fish with initial body weight of 6.9 + 0.2 g were stocked into each 60-l aquarium. Fish were fed on the diets for 60 days. Results indicated that P digestibility increased from 64.5% to 87.0% as phytase supplement increased from 0 mg in diet B to 60 mg phytase/100 g SBM in diet E. P digestibility in diet E was higher than that in diet A (77.6%). The daily growth rate and feed conversion ratio followed similar trend. P, Calcium (Ca) and Zinc (Zn) concentration in the whole body and bone of fish fed diet E were higher than the fish fed diet B, C and D, but were insignificant compared to the fish fed diet A. Nitrogen (N) and P loading by fish fed diet E were, respectively, 76% and 20% lower than those in fish fed the control diet. It is concluded that the inclusion of 60 mg phytase/100 g SBM in the diet of the green catfish could replace the utilization of inorganic P increase the digestibility of the diet thereby resulting in increased growth rate and reduced excretion of P and N into the waters.
Keywords: Hemibagrus nemurus, phytase, soybean meal, phosphorus.
POLLINATION EFFECTIVENESS OF APIS CERANA FABRICUS AND APIS MELLIFERA LINNAEUS (HYMENOPTERA: APIDAE) IN JATROPHA CURCAS L. (EUPHORBIACEAE)
Authors: ATMOWIDI TRI , RIYANTI PUJI , SUTRISNA ANDENG
Published: February 2019

Pollinators are well known to provide key ecosystem. Animal pollinators are thought to contribute between 15 and 30% of global food production and bees are recognized to be the most important taxon. The pollination effectiveness of two species of bees, Apis cerana and A. mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) was studied.Â  Three cages, made of insect screen were set up.Â  Each cage contains three individual plants. One colony of A. mellifera and A. cerana were placed in the first and second cage, while the third cage was used for control plants. Bee colonies were placed during one month in the first and second cages.Â Â  Fruit set of plants pollinated by A. mellifera, A. cerana, control plants, and open plants were counted and compared.Â  Pollination by honeybees increased the number of fruits per plant and fruits per raceme of J. curcas. Based on measuring of fruit produced by plants, pollination effectiveness of A. mellifera was higher than A. carana.
 
Key words: Pollination, effectiveness, Apis cerana, A. mellifera, seed set, Jatropha curcas.
TAXOMETRICS CLASSIFICATION (HIERARCHICAL AND ORDINATION) OF AQUATIC AND SEMI-AQUATIC MOSSES: A PRELIMINARY MODEL TO BRYODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT
Authors: LOO MIN JET , CASILLAS T. A. DELVALLS , DIAZ L. MARTIN
Published: February 2019

Bryodiversity is naturally serving the ecosystems sustainably. It serves the environments by preventing natural disaster (flooding), maintaining the quality of the water body and filter or treats the pollutants naturally. Efficient bryodiversity management is needed for environmental cost cutting and have a cost-effective management strategy. To achieve this, cluster and principal component analyses (PCA) were manipulated to produce the linkage distance between the OTUs and identify the important groups of characters, respectively. In return, it becomes a guideline for bryoflora and environmental managements. In this study, 23 OTUs and 156 characters were analyzed. The output from the reliability and item analysis showed that the data set is highly reliable (Cronbachâ€™s alpha = 0.9627). From the cluster analysis, it showed that 5 clustered groups (manageable units) could be derived from the produced phenogram. This is based on the nearest neighbour amalgation rule and Euclidean distances. As for the principal component analysis, three factors were derived and explained 75.1064% of the variation with 56.0485%(PC1), 11.7346%(PC2) and 7.3233%(PC3), respectively. The ordination showed that 5 manageable units were derived from PC1 and 3 manageable units for PC2 and PC3, respectively. In conclusion, conservation should precede any biodiversity management plans. Â  Keywords: aquatic mosses, semi-aquatic mosses, cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), classification Â
FEEDING ECOLOGY OF TREE-CLIMBING MANGROVE SESARMID CRABS FROM LUZON, PHILIPPINES
Authors: TEVAR MASAGCA JIMMY
Published: February 2019

Despite the large ecological study of tree-climbing mangrove sesarmid crabs in other countries, the Philippine representatives appear to have not been investigated extensively. This paper presents the feeding ecology as to dependence on mangrove trees of sesarmids in different mangrove areas of southern Luzon. This is biased on the nature of the crab habitats, arboreal climbing skills and burrowing behavior of the sesarmids:Â  Selatium elongatumÂ  and Episesarma versicolor - exclusive mangrove tree climbers (EMTC); Sarmatium germaini - occasional mangrove tree climber (OMTC); and the non-mangrove tree-climbing (NMTC) sesarmids- Neosarmatium smithii, Perisesarma bidens and Perisesarma eumolpe.Key words:Â Â Â  mangrove crabs, sesarmid crabs, climbing skills, burrowing skills, arboreal climbing crabs, Catanduanes, Philippines
ISOLATION AND CLONING OF cDNA OF GENE ENCODING FOR METALLOTHIONEIN TYPE 2 FROM MELASTOMA AFFINE
Authors: SUHARSONO SUHARSONO , TRISNANINGRUM NIKEN , SULISTYANINGSIH LULUT DWI , WIDYASTUTI UTUT
Published: February 2019

Metallothionein is an important protein for detoxifying heavy metal ions. This research was conducted to isolate and clone cDNA of gene encoding for metallothionein type 2 from Melastoma affine. Total RNA was isolated from young leaves. Total cDNA was synthesized from the total RNA by reverse transcription. The MaMt2 cDNA was successfully isolated by PCR technique. The MaMt2 cDNA was inserted into pGEM-T Easy and the recombinant plasmid was successfully introduced into Escherichia coli DH5Î±. DNA sequencing analysis showed that this cDNA is full length consisting of 246 pb encoding 81 amino acid residues. This cDNA is identical to mRNA of AtMt2 from Arabidopsis thaliana. It does not contain any restriction sites found in the cloning sites of pGEM-T easy. The deduced protein of MaMT2 contains 14 cysteine residues distributed in the Cys-Cys, Cys-X-Cys, and Cys-X-X-Cys motifs. Â  Key words: cDNA, metallothionein, Melastoma affine, cloning, cysteine
RAPID DETECTION OF THE AFRICANIZED HONEY BEE: A TOOL FOR INDONESIAN ANIMAL QUARANTINE
Authors: RAFFIUDIN RIKA , BINTAR ANIFA , WIDJAJA M. CHANDRA , FARAJALLAH AHMAD , PURWANTARA BAMBANG
Published: February 2019

Molecular detection methods were used to determine if Africanized Honey Bees (AHBs) are present in populations of imported Apis mellifera in Indonesia. The cytochrome b (cyt b gene) was amplified from mitochondrial DNA and digested with the BglII restriction enzyme (cytb/BglII). Two types of animal DNA extraction kits were used and found suitable for rapid preparation of DNA from A. mellifera by the Animal Quarantine facility. Results showed that all 94 colony samples from beekeepers in Java produced a 485 bp PCR product from the amplification of this gene. Two DNA fragments of 194 and 291 bp from all samples were produced after digestion with BglII. This cytb/BglII result together with the DNA sequence of cyt b showed that all collected samples of A. mellifera were the non-AHB type. Hence, this study did not detect AHB in Indonesia.Key words :Â  Apis mellifera, molecular detection methods, DNA, cytochrome b, mitochondrial genetics
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIBODY TO RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM AND ITS APPLICATION FOR DETECTION OF BACTERIAL WILT
Authors: SURYADI YADI
Published: February 2019

The serological assay for  the detection of  bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia  solanacearum  RSwas able to provide  information regarding the presence of  the pathogen  in plant materials Theresearch is was aimed to develop polyclonal antibody PAb for RS detection Bacterial wholecells of  RS isolates mixed with glutaraldehyde were used to immunize New Zealand femalewhite  rabbit The  titre of  antibody  in culture supernatant was 1 1024 The PAb developed  froma ground nut RS  isolates reacted with  infected plant samples from various  locations It was ableto detect RS antigen of  crude extract and pure cultures from tomato and potato plant samples45 using dot blot ELISA however the minimum detectable concentration of  RS antigen was 10cellsml The PAb obtained in this study is sensitive enough to detect RS isolates in routineserological assayKey words  Bacterial wilt Ralstonia  solanacearum antibody dot blot ELISA
GENETIC VARIATIONS AMONG AQUILARIA SPECIES AND GYRINOPS VERSTEEGII USING AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM MARKERS
Authors: TORUAN-MATHIUS NURITA , RAHMAWATI DEWI , ANIDAH
Published: February 2019

Aquilaria sp Thymelaeaceae is the most valuable non wood production of  forestry plant in Indonesia It produces a fragrant resin when subjected to fungal attack and has been traded internationally  known  as  gaharu Knowledge  of   genetic  diversity  and  relationship  among species and genus is important for breeding purposes and species conservation In this study genetic variability of  six Aquilaria species were analyzed using the AmplifiedFragment Length Polymorphism  AFLP  markers  Ten  AFLP  primer combinations  amplified  1353  DNA fragments ranging  in size from100 to 350 bp of  which 1285 95 of  them were polymorphic Genetic similarities among Aquilaria sp consisted of  A malaccensis A beccariana A microcarpa and A  crassna  ranged  from 6390  to 7200 based on Dice coefficient The dendrogram derived by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean of  germplasm analysiswere clustered into two main groups Hence a genetic variation among species is quiet high Bootstrap  values for  the  groups  supported  70  of   the  cluster  using  a linear  relationship equation of  r 0724 P 00001 was observedbetween known pedigrees and AFLPderived genetic similarity for 136 pairwise comparisons of  Aquilaria species For example A malacensis and A microcarpa have the highest genetic similarity 7200 compared with another Aquilaria species Primer pairs EACGMCTA produced a specific fragment for A beccariana 850 bp A  crasna 550 bp 180 bp and 140 bp A malaccencis 1500 bp A microcarpa 250 bp and Gyrinops versteegii 150 bp Primer pairs EACGMCAA produced a specific DNA fragment only for A beccariana 1500 bp and 100 bp  Primer pairs EACCMCAC also produced only specific fragment for A crassna 1500 bp Study showed the usefulness of  AFLP analysis in Aquilaria  sp  and  its  potential  application  for  breeding and  species  conservation  Further molecular  diversity  estimated  in  the  present  study  combined  with  the  datasets  on  other morphologicalagronomic  traits will be useful  for  selecting  the appropriate accessions  for plant improvement  through conventional and molecular breeding approaches.Key words Gaharu Aquilaria sp Gyrinops sp genetic diversity molecular marker amplifiedfragment  length polymorphism  AFLP
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF POLYMESODA EROSA POPULATION IN THE SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP
Authors: Nuryanto Agus , SUSANTO AGUS HERY
Published: February 2019

Abstract Mud clams Polymesoda erosa in the Segara Anakan Cilacap are highly exploited by the local communities for daily consumption. This is presumed causing population decline and potentially causing loss of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity level within population can be obtained by population genetic study using molecular marker such as randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Here we amplified RAPD marker using ten arbitrary primers to assess genetic diversity of P. erosa population in the Segara Anakan Cilacap to provide genetic data for its sustainable use. The result proved that the used RAPD marker has high polymorphisms. The mud clam population was also showed a high level of heterozigosity and genetic diversity.Â  This has important implication for the management plan towards ustainable use of P. erosa in the Segara Anakan Cilacap. Â  Key words: mud clam, RAPD, polymorphism, genetic diversity
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF DISQUALIFIED TIGER PRAWN (Penaeus monodon Fab.) BROODSTOCK USING DOPAMINE
Authors: Riani Etty , TOELIHERE MOZES , EFFENDIE ICHSAN , YUSUF TUTI L , AGUNGPRIYONO SRIHADI
Published: February 2019

Disqualified  tiger prawn broodstock  is the one that has undergone ablation after two breeding periodes which causes high production cost pollution of environment  and difficulties in  providing it continuously  with enough quantity at exact time  The purpose of this  study is to find  the proper dosage of dopamine  which will give  good quality  for  breeding of the disqualified tiger prawn  because  dopamine  inhibits  maturation  so it has  enough  time for maturation  and can be improved  the eggs  quality
This experiment used 15 pairs the twice breeding tiger prawn  which is taken from Perigi  Central Java  The sample were treated with  difference dosage of dopamine dosage  109    108  107  106  moll  and  controlinjected by aquabidest  The parameters  were identified  in this  experiment  are  duration  days  for eggs maturation fecundity fertilizing rate  hatching  rate   egg  diameter  and phototaxis respnnsive of the  nauplii
The result of this research are the of the average  of duration  for eggs  maturation  on the broodstock  that were injected  dopamine dosage  109    108  107  106  moll  and  control were   14  12  4  2  5  days  Fecundity   561489   503000   384205   230850   and  150034   Fertilizing rate  898    821   560   463     and  232      Hatching rate   7953  7253   4775   1227   and  366   Diameter  029  029  029  027  and  027mm   The nauplii  that had  produced by  injected broodstock by dosage  109    108  107  have the positive phototaxis responsive  while dosage   106   and control  were weak
Key words Disqualified  dopamine dosage duration maturation fecundity fertilizing hatching diameters nauplii
The Effect of Initial Moisture Content, Packaging and Storage Period on Succinate Dehydrogenase and Cytochrome Oxidase Activity of Soybean Seed
Authors: Tatipata Aurellia
Published: February 2019

The quality of soybean seed is easily decreased, so that it is difficult to keep them for a long time. The research aims to study the effect of initial moisture content, packaging material and storage period on succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity. The experimental design was arranged in Factorial in RCB consisting of 3 factors: moisture content, i.e. 8. 10 and 12 percent, packaging materials, i.e. polyethylene, wheat and aluminium foil; storage period i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months. Changes in seed water content, specific activity of succinate and cytochrome oxidase, respiration rate, germination coefficient velocity germination, and abnormal seedlings were monthly determined. It was found that seed moisture content was increase and showed positive correlation with seed moisture content and abnormal seedlings and showed negative correlation with specific activity of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase, respiratory rate, germination and coefficient velocity germination. From this experiment, soybean seeds were stored in polyethylene and aluminium foil bags observed highly succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase specific activity, respiration rate, germination, coefficient velocity germination and keep moisture content in low level could delay seed deterioration followed by polyethylene and wheat bags.Â  Key words: moisture content, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase, soybean
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLASMODIAL MYXOMYCETES (SLIME MOLDS) FROM LA MESA ECOPARK, QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES
Authors: MACABAGO SITTIE AISHA B. , DAGAMAC NIKKI HEHERSON A. , DELA CRUZ THOMAS EDISION E.
Published: February 2019

Myxomycetes are ubiquitous in terrestrial forest ecosystems. Thus, this research study looks at the taxonomic diversity and distribution of plasmodial myxomycetes in La Mesa Ecopark in Quezon City, Philippines. A total of 240 moist chambers were prepared from four substrates (aerial and ground leaf litter, twigs and barks) collected within this ecopark. Following incubation of moist chambers for eight weeks, a total of 28 species belonging to 10 genera were collected and identified: Arcyria (3), Diderma (2), Didymium (5), Lamproderma (2), Perichaena (3), Physarum (8), Macbrideola (1), Metatrichia (1), Trichia (1) and Stemonitis (2). Highest myxomycete yield (85%) was observed in aerial leaf litter. In terms of taxonomic diversity, highest diversity was observed in bark microhabitats, although the lowest number of species was recorded in it. Assessment of their abundance and distribution showed similarities in species composition between aerial and ground leaf litter. This research study is the first report of plasmodial myxomycetes in La Mesa Ecopark in Quezon City, Philippines.
 
Keywords: myxomycetes, slime molds, microhabitats, recreational forest
INTRASPECIFIC VARIATIONS OF 16S MITOCHONDRIAL GENE SEQUENCES OF YELLOW RICE STEM BORER,scirpopbaga incertulas (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) FROM WEST JAVA
Authors: RAFFIUDIN RIKA , WINNIE RUTH MARTHA , SAMUDRA I MADE
Published: February 2019

Yellow rice stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) is one of the most important rice pest insects in Asia, including Indonesia. However, there is a lack of genetic data for this important agricultural insect. Â Therefore, this study was conducted to explore intraspecific differentiation of S. incertulas partial 16S mitochondrial gene from Bogor, Karawang, Indramayu and Cirebon (West Java, Indonesia). Here, we reported a total of 325 bp of 16S mitochondrial gene of S. incertulas from the obtained samples. Among all DNA sequences, three haplotypes of 16S mitochondrial gene were observed and submitted to GenBank under Accession Number of GU191881, GU191882, GU191883, respectively for haplotype 1, 2, and 3. Â The haplotype 1 was found in all S. incertulas surveyed locations, except Bogor. The haplotype 2 Â and 3 were found only in from Cirebon and Bogor samples. These haplotype variations can be applied as DNA markers for S. incertulas early larva detection method among other rice stem borers. Hence, further explorations of the mitochondrial variations of S. incertulas in Java and other parts of Indonesia are needed.
Â 
Keywords: moth, haplotypes, genetic differentiations, Â molecular identification
Elimination Of CVB (Chrysanthemum Virus B) From A Range Of ChrysanthemumTHE Varieties By Meristem Culture Following Antiviral and Heat Treatments
Authors: Budiarto Kurniawan , Budi Budi Marwoto , Lia Lia Sanjaya , Muchdar Muchdar Soedarjo , Indijarto Indijarto Budi Rahardjo
Published: February 2019

CVB elimination for retaining healthy protocols from infected chrysanthemum plant was investigated trough combined treatment of meristem culture with synthetic antiviral ribavirin and thermotherapy under in vitro conditions. The biological material used on the experimentation was constituted of six commercial varieties: Dewi Sartika, Saraswati, Yellow Fiji, White Puma, Yellow Puma and White Reagent.Â  Tissue culture initiation was conducted through plantlet establishment using MS supplemented with IAA.Â  Ribavirin was added in media treatments with the concentration of 40 mg/l.Â  Parallel with this step, heat treatment with different durations (1, 2, and 3 weeks) was also conducted on the plantlets.Â  Meristem culture was done following the chemo- and thermotherapy.Â  The experiment resumed the failure single treatment of meristem culture in eliminating CVB from the infected chrysanthemum plantlets.Â  Under heat treatment, percentage of virus-free plantlets increased along with the duration of thermotherapy, though the survival rate of plantlets decreased in lengthened heat treatment. The best results regarding virus free plant percentage was obtained when meristem culture was applied following ribavirin or three weeks heat treatment which effectively eliminated virus particles from the plant.
A SPECIES-SPECIFIC PCR ASSAY BASED ON THE INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) REGIONS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF MYCOSPHAERELLA EUMUSAE, M. FIJIENSIS AND M. MUSICOLA ON BANANA
Authors: Hidayat Iman
Published: February 2019

A study on development of a rapid PCR-based detection method based on ITS region of M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola on banana was carried out. The main objecive of this study was to develop a fast and species-specific PCR-based detection method for the presence of Mycosphaerella species on banana. The methods include collection of specimens, morphological identification supported by molecular phylogenetic analysis, RFLP analysis, species-specific primers development, and validation. Two species of Mycosphaerella, namely, M. fijiensis and M. musicola, and one unidentified Pseudocercospora species were found in Java island. Three restriction enzymes used in the RFLP analysis, viz, AluI, HaeIII, and TaqI were capable to discriminate M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola. Two species-specific primer pairs, viz, MfijF/MfijR and MmusF/MmusR have been successfully developed to detect for the presence of M. fijiensis and M. musicola, respectively.
Invasive grass in Indonesia: What happen up to 2012? with comparison other institution and government
Authors: Sumadijaya Alex
Published: February 2019

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Invasive grass with dominant presence in ecosystem is often a neglected flora component. Meanwhile, the term â€œinvasiveâ€ must be standardized, for practical purpose must be considered as urgent matter. Various attempts to compile invasive grass in Indonesia were conducted sporadically by several experts across generations. Scattered data along pile of literatures awaiting to be written in order to produce a comprehensive list of invasive grass. This paper represents the first attempt in drafting the invasive grass list of Indonesia by using literatures.
SOIL WATER BALANCE, BIOMASS AND YIELD OF POTATO CROP (Solanum tuberosum L.) GROWN IN HIGH ALTITUDE HUMID TROPICS OF INDONESIA
Authors: Salwati R , Handoko I
Published: February 2019

This research calculated water loss through actual evapotranspiration and runoff (ETa+Ro) of potato crop in high altitude of humid tropics in Indonesia by using water balance approach.Â  The treatments consist of two row spacings and three seed sizes for sowing.Â  Soil water contents of six combination of treatments were measured weekly to the soil depth of 100 cm to calculate water loss by actual evapotranspiration and runoff.Â  Water loss by ETa+Ro was much higher (average of 18.2 mm/day) compared to average potential evapotranspiration (7.5 mm/day).Â  Despite high rainfall during the growing season (1314 mm), actual evapotranspiration could reduce soil water content to 60 cm soil depth due to the high runoff caused by limited capacity of water infiltration into the soil.Â  Total ETa+Ro averaged for all treatments was 1365 mm which was comparable among treatments. Higher soil water content resulted in larger crop biomass and higher tuber yield.Â  On the other hand, larger seed size produced greater crop biomass and tuber yield irrespective of the variation of soil water contents in the treatments.
Mitochondrial DNA variation of the Sumatran elephant in Sumatera
Authors: Sulandari Sri
Published: February 2019

A research on Mitochondrial DNA analysis of genetic diversity in Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) was conducted in this study.Â  A 630 bp segment of mitochondrial DNA was amplified on 105 samples of Sumatran elephant from 5 locations in Sumatera (Bentayan, Sugihan, Bukit Salero Lahat, Seblat, Way Kambas) using a set of primers: MDL3 (5â€™-CCCACAAT-TAATGGGCCC-GGAGCG-3â€™) and MDL5 (5â€™-TTACATGAATTGGCAGCCA-ACCAG-3â€™). The objectives of this study is to generate mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences for all the Sumatran elephant samples under this study andÂ  to provide information haplotypes and nucleotide diversity ofÂ  Sumatran elephant populations. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  A total of 105 PCR product were successfully sequenced perfectly, with an average length of about 616 base pairs. However, mitochondrial DNA fragmentsÂ  for this analysis used the first 601 bases. Results showed six haplotypes (BP, BT, BS, BR, BX and BY) identified in Sumatera.Â  The most of the sampled individuals are the haplotipe BT. BX and BY are most likely new haplotypes.. Â All haplotype, except for the haplotipe BPÂ  are belonging to the Sumatera clade. The haplotipeÂ BX was derived from the haplotipe BT, and the haplotypeÂ  BY wasÂ derived from the haplotipe BS by one transversion respectively. The other substitutions in this network were the transitions. The haplotype BP is widely distribute from Sri Lanka, Sumatera, Peninsular MalayÂ  and China). Although reported that the haplotype BU distributed Sumatera and Peninsular Malay, but BU haplotype not detected in this study. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Genetic distances within populations in Bentayan, Bukit Salero Lahat, Seblat, Sugihan and Way Kambas ranged from 0.0000 - 0003, and the genetic distance between the populations that is 0.0000 - 0. 0022. The distance between haplotypes of Sumatran elephantâ€™s population is low.â€¢ The diversity of haplotypes and nucleotide in Sumatera island is low, the highest isÂ  in the region of Buki SaleroÂ  Lahat and, lowest is in Bentayan and Sugihan. Overall, the results of analysis of Fu and Li's F * test statistic indicates that the population of Sumatran elephants in Sumatra is -0.78871, which means there is no inbreeding, but not significant at P> 0:10. Â  Keywords : Sumatran elephant, Elephas maximusÂ  sumatranus, mitochondrial DNA, haplotype
ENDIANDRA KASSAMENSIS (LAURACEAE), A NEW SPECIES FROM NEW GUINEA
Authors: Arifiani Deby
Published: February 2019

A new species of Endiandra (Lauraceae) is described from New Guinea. Endiandra kassamensis is described based on specimens collected over four decades ago. Unlike most Endiandra which grow in lowland forest, E. kassamensis is found in high altitude forest. The species is characterized by the presence of staminodia with the absence of staminal glands. Â  Key words: Endiandra, Lauraceae, staminal glands, staminodia, endemic, New Guinea
Relação entre sobrecarga de cuidadores informais e nível de independência de idosos hospitalizados
Authors: Ikegami Érica Midori , Almeida Jéssica Rodrigues de , Souza Lara Andrade , Walsh Isabel Aparecida Porcatti de , Shimano Suraya Gomes Novais , Patrizzi Lislei Jorge
Published: February 2019

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a sobrecarga do cuidador informal, o nível de independência de idosos hospitalizados e verificar a relação entre eles. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo, realizado por meio de entrevistas individuais junto a 40 cuidadores de idosos internados no setor de Clínica Médica de um hospital público em Uberaba-MG. Dos cuidadores foram coletados dados sociodemográficos, referentes ao cuidado e nível de sobrecarga (Zarit Burden Interview) e dos idosos, sexo, idade, diagnóstico e nível de independência (Índice de Barthel). Foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas e o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson para verificar a correlação entre sobrecarga do cuidador e nível de independência do idoso (p<0,05). Predominaram cuidadores do sexo feminino, com 1-4 anos de estudo, com companheiro, filhos dos idosos, que recebiam ajuda de outras pessoas para cuidar e despendiam mais de 15 horas diárias ao cuidado. Foi identificada sobrecarga dos cuidadores de moderada a leve (62,5%), idosos com dependência total (47,5%) e relação moderada negativa entre a sobrecarga do cuidador e nível de independência do idoso (r= -0,423; p=0,007). Espera-se que a investigação contribua para o desenvolvimento de ações para o cuidador nos hospitais, visando a prevenção da sobrecarga e suas repercussões.
Quem são nossos(as) mestres(as) e doutores(as)?
Authors: Folha Otavio Augusto De Araujo Costa , Folha Débora Ribeiro da Silva Campos , Figueiredo Mirela de Oliveira , Cruz Daniel Marinho Cezar da , Emmel Maria Luísa Guillaumon
Published: February 2019

Introdução: Uma das principais demandas da terapia ocupacional brasileira é a sua institucionalização acadêmica. Isso abrange, entre outros aspectos, a atividade de pesquisa, a formação e atuação dos profissionais em programas de pós-graduação. Objetivo: Caracterizar os terapeutas ocupacionais mestres e doutores no Brasil quanto a formação pós-graduada e a atuação profissional. Procedimentos Metodológicos: A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de informações coletadas em plataformas eletrônicas como a Plataforma Lattes e a Plataforma Sucupira, entre outras. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: 1188 currículos de terapeutas ocupacionais com mestrado e/ou doutorado foram analisados. Identificou-se um aumento na quantidade de mestres e doutores nas duas últimas décadas (2000-2017) e que encontra-se em curso uma mudança de perfil da formação pós-graduada desses profissionais, o que implica na produção de conhecimento e na institucionalização acadêmica da área. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa permitiu identificar algumas implicações dessa formação para o desenvolvimento da terapia ocupacional enquanto profissão e como área de conhecimento no país.
Clinical pathways of breast cancer patients treated in the Federal District, Brazil
Authors: Barros Ângela Ferreira , Araújo Jeniffer Melo de , Murta-Nascimento Cristiane , Dias Adriano
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE: To identify the clinical pathways of women with breast cancer treated in public hospitals, and to analyze the factors that influence the time interval between the first appointment and the start of therapy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 600 women with breast cancer treated in nine public hospitals in the Brazilian Federal District. Patients were interviewed between September 2012 and September 2014. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were adjusted to evaluate the variables associated with the time interval studied. The most frequent pathway was the one that started in primary care with following care in the therapy service (28.9%). In the multiple adjustment, factors associated to a longer time interval between the first appointment and therapy were: lower family income (OR = 1.89; 95%CI 1.32–2.68), the first appointment in public services (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.20–2.64), care in more than two health services in the clinical pathway (OR = 1.71; 95%CI 1.19–2.44); and obtaining the anatomopathological analysis of the biopsy in public services instead of private health services (OR = 1.87; 95%CI 1.29–2.71). Independently, the implementation of specialist appointment scheduling, with care regulation, was associated with a shorter time interval between first appointment and therapy (OR = 0.33; 95%CI 0.16–0.65). CONCLUSIONS: We observed that multiple pathways were covered by women with breast cancer treated in public services of the Federal District. Socioeconomic iniquities and several aspectos of the pathways covered were associated with a longer time interval between the first appointment and the start of breast cancer therapy.
Association between diabetes mellitus and depressive symptoms in the Brazilian population
Authors: Briganti Cauê Pontes , Silva Marcus Tolentino , Almeida José Vanilton De , Bergamaschi Cristiane De Cássia
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of current depressive symptoms in people with diabetes mellitus and their association with the disease. METHODS: Data were collected from the Brazilian National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde – PNS), a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in 2013. Study participants were selected by simple random cluster sampling in three stages: census tracts, households, and residents aged ≥ 18 years. The presence of diabetes was self-reported, whereas the presence of current depressive symptoms was determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) and mean scores of this questionnaire were calculated for the variables assessed. Tobit regression was used to evaluate variation in these individuals. RESULTS: Of the 60,202 interviewees, 6.03% (n = 3,636) reported diabetes mellitus. The disease was more frequent in female, older, widowed, obese and with incomplete elementary education. Depression symptoms were mild-to-moderately severe in 22% of the diabetics. The severity of current depressive symptoms was higher in individuals that were female (PHQ-9 mean = 3.35), older adults (PHQ-9 mean = 3.01), indigenous (PHQ-9 mean = 3.46), separated/divorced (PHQ-9 mean = 3.13), widowed (PHQ-9 mean = 3.39), obese (PHQ-9 mean = 3.13) and with incomplete primary education (PHQ-9 mean = 3.21). Higher severity of depressive symptoms was associated with the use of insulin and with coma (PHQ-9 mean = 8.32), limb amputation (PHQ-9 mean = 7.55), circulatory problems (PHQ-9 mean = 6.94), infarction (PHQ-9 mean = 6.83), diabetic foot (PHQ-9 mean = 6.62), and kidney problems (PHQ-9 mean = 6.68). The severity of current depressive symptoms was associated with diabetes severity and degree of limitation in activities of daily living (PHQ-9 mean = 10.62).
Interventions to reduce the prescription of inappropriate medicines in older patients
Authors: Santos Nathalia Serafim dos , Marengo Lívia Luize , Moraes Fabio Da Silva , Barberato-Filho Silvio
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE: Identify and critically evaluate systematic reviews addressing the effectiveness of interventions to reduce the number of prescriptions of potentially inappropriate medication to older patients. METHODS: This is an overview of systematic reviews. The studies were searched and selected from Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Virtual Health Library, and Web of Science databases, combining the terms aged, prescriptions, inappropriate prescribing and potentially inappropriate medication list with their entry terms and other related descriptors, published by June 2017. This study included systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis that addressed the effectiveness of any intervention or combined interventions to reduce the number of prescriptions of potentially inappropriate medications to older patients, without restriction in terms of design, language or date of publication of primary studies. AMSTAR – A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews – was used to evaluate the methodological quality of selected systematic reviews. Study selection and the methodological quality evaluation were performed by two independent evaluators, who resolved any divergence by consensus. The main findings were grouped into thematic categories, defined after a content analysis and discussed qualitatively as narrative synthesis. RESULTS: This study analyzed 24 systematic reviews. In terms of study design and methodological quality evaluation, most were systematic reviews of randomized controlled clinical trials and studies of moderate quality, respectively. The interventions were analyzed in five thematic categories: medication review services, pharmaceutical interventions, computerized systems, educational interventions, and others. The interventions analyzed showed good results and most of them helped reduce the number of prescriptions of potentially inappropriate medication to older patients. CONCLUSIONS: The systematic reviews included in this overview showed potential benefits of different interventions. However, it was not possible to determine the most effective intervention. Combined interventions are likely to provide better results than isolated interventions.