bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Complex Case Management System Provides Optimal Care for All Patients
Authors: Venter Jan A. , Hannan Stephen J.
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

To describe the complex case management system developed by Optical Express, a large corporate provider of laser vision correction, and to detail the benefits this system offers for managing the surgical complications of laser vision correction.

Methods:

The classification scheme Optical Express uses to categorize surgical complications is described, and the various pathways patients can take through the complex case system are detailed. This process is illustrated with a case study describing the treatment of a patient with postoperative LASIK ectasia. The benefits of the complex case system are also discussed.

Results:

A total of 1363 eyes were treated in the complex case management system during the 5-year period between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2008. These 1363 eyes represent a small fraction (0.45%) of the approximately 300,000 eyes treated during this period. The Optical Express complex case management system organizes complications based on severity and urgency. Grade A complications (40 eyes, 2.9% of all complications) are the most serious and urgent, followed by grade B (327 eyes, 24.0%), and grade C (996 eyes, 73.1%). For each complication, the patient's journey through the complex case system starts with an evaluation by an optometrist. Depending on the severity of the complication, the patient may then be referred to the treating surgeon, a regional complex case surgeon, or an external consultant. A complex case manager coordinates care and logistics throughout this process.

Conclusions:

The complex case management system used by Optical Express provides clinical care and support for patients who experience a surgical complication. [
J Refract Surg.
2009;25:S655–S660.]
An Evidence-based Approach to Patient Selection for Laser Vision Correction
Authors: Brown Mitchell C.
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

To describe the process used by Optical Express, a large corporate refractive surgery provider, to develop evidence-based patient selection guidelines for laser vision correction.

Methods:

The evaluation of patient selection criteria for laser vision correction is part of a larger corporate process of continuous quality improvement and clinical due diligence. The procedures used to evaluate patient selection criteria are described in detail and the benefits of this process are explained. The criterion review process involves the company's International Medical Advisory Board (IMAB) and includes an evaluation of the published literature and analyses generated from the large Optical Express clinical outcomes database. This article offers a case study in which the IMAB used the criterion review process to examine the upper limit for estimated postoperative keratometry in hyperopic laser vision correction.

Results:

The patient selection criteria undergo continuous scrutiny and are modified whenever medical evidence indicates that change is appropriate.

Conclusions:

Using an established protocol for reviewing patient selection criteria, Optical Express continuously measures its patient selection criteria against both external (published) and internal data sources. This process ensures that decisions about patients' suitability for surgery are based on the best-available current medical evidence. [
J Refract Surg.
2009;25:S661–S667.]
Femtosecond Laser Versus Mechanical Microkeratome: A Retrospective Comparison of Visual Outcomes at 3 Months
Authors: Tanna Mesha , Schallhorn Steven C. , Hettinger Keith A.
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

To compare the visual outcomes of LASIK procedures in which flaps were created with a femtosecond laser (IntraLase FS 60Hz, Abbott Medical Optics [AMO]) to procedures in which flaps were created with a mechanical microkeratome (Moria Evo3 One Use-Plus, Moria SA).

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was performed on 2000 eyes treated in 2008 for low myopia and astigmatism (sphere <−3.00 diopters [D]; cylinder ⩽−0.75 D). The first 1000 consecutive eyes that had LASIK flaps created with a femtosecond laser were compared with the first 1000 consecutive eyes that had flaps created with a mechanical microkeratome. All eyes received wavefront-guided LASIK treatments performed with a VISX S4 IR Advanced CustomVue excimer laser (AMO). Refractive predictability, change in mean spherical equivalent refraction, postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), and loss of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) were compared at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months following surgery.

Results:

The refractive accuracy was the same for both groups. At all time points measured, the percentage of eyes that achieved a postoperative UCVA of 20/20 or better was significantly higher in the femtosecond laser group than in the mechanical keratome group. Also, a higher percentage of eyes in the femtosecond laser group achieved a postoperative UCVA of 20/16 at 3 months. Finally, a lower percentage of eyes in the femtosecond laser group lost two or more lines of BSCVA at 1 week and 1 month postoperative.

Conclusions:

Creating LASIK flaps with the femtosecond laser resulted in faster visual recovery and better UCVA. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S668–S671.]
Effect of Keratometry on Visual Outcomes 1 Month After Hyperopic LASIK
Authors: Young Jill J. , Schallhorn Steven C. , Brown Mitchell C. , Hettinger Keith A.
Published: December 2018

Purpose:

To determine whether preoperative, postoperative, or change in keratometry can be used to predict visual outcomes in hyperopic LASIK.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis was conducted on hyperopic eyes treated at Optical Express clinics. All eyes were targeted for emmetropia and treated using wavefront-guided LASIK (VISX S4, Abbott Medical Optics [AMO]), with flaps created using a femtosecond laser (IntraLase FS-60 [AMO]). A total of 1659 consecutive eyes of 895 patients met the study inclusion criteria: preoperative sphere ⩾1.00 diopter, complete 1-month follow-up data, and availability of pre- and postoperative keratometry measurements. Factors associated with 1-month visual results were evaluated with multivariate analysis.

Results:

Preoperative sphere was strongly correlated with visual outcomes. Higher levels of correction were associated with a greater loss of best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), a lower percentage of eyes achieving 20/20 BSCVA, and a lower percentage of eyes achieving 20/20 uncorrected visual acuity. For a given level of preoperative sphere, however, no statistically significant correlation was observed between visual outcomes and either pre- or postoperative keratometry.

Conclusions:

Preoperative, calculated postoperative, or 1-month postoperative keratometry values do not correlate with visual acuity outcomes following hyperopic LASIK. [
J Refract Surg
. 2009;25:S672–S676.]
Habitar y medir el territorio.Los vínculos con la tierra de colonos, ocupantes y guaraníes en Misiones
Authors: Schiavoni Gabriela
Published: December 2018

This article analyses the interactions with respect to the land of indigenous people, colonists and landless peasants in the province of Misiones (northeastern Argentina). At the end of the 19th century, public and private extensions are measured in order to carry out plans of colonization. Indigenous groups and peasants who do not have access to the planned settlement develop alternative modes of appropriation of the environment, which we characterize here based on productive activities. We emphasize the existence of a close connection between State control and measurement of continuous surfaces for commercial agriculture. In this context, the Guarani territoriality is hard to fit within official actions. We offer a description that can historically fix the linkages and knowledge related to the land, based on the distinction between a dwelling perpective and the geometric measurement, as abstract form of control of the space.
Comparison of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunostain for nonsmall cell lung carcinoma between paired cytological and surgical specimens
Authors: Xu Huihong , Bratton Laura , Nead Michael , Russell Donna , Zhou Zhongren
Published: December 2018

Background:

programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a ligand for the inhibitory programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-L1), which are targeted by several anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 drugs for lung cancer treatment. In clinical practice, many lung cancer cases only have cytology samples available to test PD-L1. Our current study compared the PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) between paired cytological and surgical samples.

Materials and Methods:

Formalin-fixed lung cancer tissue microarray and paired cell blocks and surgical specimens from the same patients with a confirmed diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 29) and adenocarcinoma (AC, n = 23) were sectioned for PD-L1 IHC.

Results:

PD-L1 was expressed on tumor cells in 16 of 29 (55%) SCC surgical specimens and 18 of 29 (62%) paired cytologic specimens with 83% matched immunostains. PD-L1 was expressed on tumor cells in 13 of 23 (57%) AC surgical specimens and in 17 of 23 (74%) paired cytologic specimens with 79% matched immunostains. The PD-L1 was expressed on inflammatory cells in 20 of 23 (87%) AC surgical specimens and in 15 of 23 (65%) paired cytologic specimens with 70% matched immunostains. The PD-L1 was expressed on inflammatory cells in 18 of 29 (62%) SCC surgical specimens and in 12 of 29 (41%) paired cytologic specimens with 79% matched immunostains.

Conclusions:

PD-L1 immunostain in cytology samples matched very well with paired surgical samples in both SCC and AC cases. The cytologic samples present slightly higher sensitivity for PD-L1 immunostain on tumor cells as compared to surgical biopsies.
Convex relaxation and variational approximation of functionals defined on 1-dimensional connected sets
Authors: Bonafini Mauro , Orlandi Giandomenico , Oudet Édouard
Published: December 2018

In this short note we announce the main results of [2] about variational problems involving 1-dimensional connected sets in the Euclidean plane, such as for example the Steiner tree problem and the irrigation (Gilbert–Steiner) problem.
On Green’s proof of the infinitesimal Torelli theorem for hypersurfaces
Authors: Rizzi Luca , Zucconi Francesco
Published: December 2018

We prove an equivalence between the infinitesimal Torelli theorem for top forms on a hypersurface

X

contained inside a Grassmannian and the theory of adjoint volume forms. More precisely, via this theory and a suitable generalization of Macaulay’s theorem we show that the differential of the period map vanishes on an infinitesimal deformation if and only if certain explicitly given twisted volume forms go in the generalized Jacobi ideal of

X

via the cup product homomorphism.
Analysis of Soil Pollution Degree and Causes Based on Mathematical Model
Authors: Zeng Yunhui , Zhang Yuanbiao , Huang Shusheng , Guo Hongfei , Chen Yilin , Shen Shiyue , Huang Li , Hu Wenjuan
Published: December 2018

Taking the heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil as the object, this paper analyzes the degree of heavy metal pollution in different areas in the city and the main causes of pollution. Firstly, this paper uses Kriging interpolation method to increase the sample data together with Surfer software to draw the spatial distribution map of eight heavy metals, and then compares the single factor index method and the geological accumulation index-Nemero index method to make a comprehensive evaluation of the heavy metal pollution degree in different areas of the city. It is concluded that the pollution level in the area from slight to heavy is: mountain areas, park green areas, living areas, traffic areas, industrial areas. Then, the main comprehensive index of heavy metals is extracted by the principal component analysis, and the spatial distribution map of the main factors is drawn based on it. According to the spatial distribution map, the main cause of heavy metal pollution is the emission of automobile exhaust and industrial waste, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution in the urban surface soil.
Albanian World-View: Co-Locativity as the Schematic Meaning of Albanian Verbal Prefix Bashke-
Authors: Singh Rajdeep
Published: December 2018

The traditional approach to verb prefixes is to consider them as bound morphemes without a real emphasis and analysis of their cognitive meaning. In this paper we use the concept schematic meaning which gathers verbs with different meaning while they share the same prefix. In our case, the Albanian bashke-prefix was chosen and its allomorph bashka-. In order to appreciate the schematic meaning concept and its application in the Albanian case, we considered the schematic meaning as the super-schema of bashke-prefix (co-prefix). This super-schema characterizes the metaphorical reading of the same prefix with different meaning which plays an important role in the semantics of abstract notions. This cognitive model helps to build a rather clear image of how the trajector and landmark inter-act as the basic units of spatial relations; the schematic brings about diverse meaning in a strict spatial frame-work.
Genetic Potential for Growth, Feed Conversion and Longevity
Authors: Stass V. L.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to find out genetic potential for growth, and feed conversion coefficient in pigs. It was done by analysing the relationship between variables that are relevant to animals' development, namely the growth rate, feed conversion coefficient, and live weight.

The study entails a hybrid dynamic mathematical model of the traits studied. The model is a species-specific concept, it was built for growing domestic pigs. Pigs are well-known model animals in human physiology. Some physiological factors are reportedly control both growth and ageing. Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 are reportedly the factors, which modulate growth, aging, and body size in mammals. The model does not entail growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 as variables. However, the study demonstrates nonlinear dynamic of relevant variables in domestic pigs from 30kg up to 600kg. The model was constructed by considering functional relations between variables analysed in experiments and field observations. Theoretical notions about growth processes as a dynamic system are included in the model. An invariant of growth dynamic is introduced. The study suggests that growth, feed conversion, and life span are functionally related traits in domestic pigs. In the pig, longevity is a function of growth rate and feed conversion coefficient.

The novelty of the study is a method for the investigation of genetic potential for growth, and longevity in pigs. In the model, genetic potential for growth rate and feed conversion were identified by analysing functional relations between relevant variables. The concept supports the opinion that growth, and ageing are interrelated processes.
Determinants of Entrepreneurial Competencies Development in Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Umar Azmi , Che Cob Che Mohd Syaharuddin , Che Omar Che Mohd Zulkifli , Gani Hamzah Mohd Sahandri
Published: December 2018

This paper is to investigate the impact of key factors that influence the development of entrepreneurial competencies in Malaysian SMEs, both in the manufacturing sector and services sector. This is vital because the economy of Malaysia is partially depending on the contribution of SMEs and the roles played by SMEs. The statical sample population of this research includes 407 owners and manager involved in SMEs. For data collection, a standard questionnaire using seven-point Likert scale and 72 items were used to evaluate 12 entrepreneurial competencies and four items that influence the development of entrepreneurial competencies. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 and SEM-Amos version 21. The results confirmed, education was significantly affecting the development of entrepreneurial competencies among entrepreneurs, while the training before business set-up, training after business set-up and work experience have no effect on the development of entrepreneurial competencies. The results contributed to the development of theoretical contribution and knowledge base, as well as offering results that will be of interest to research and policy communities. The results are limited to quantitative, using cross-sectional data. The direction for future research are also suggested.
Cognitive Diversity and Creativity: The Moderating Effect of Collaborative Climate
Authors: Ahmed Younis Raghda Abulsaoud
Published: December 2018

Creativity is the key for the organizational survival in challenges times. And diversity is one of the factors that could contribute to the creativity. There are many arguments about diversity-performance relationship. however, emphasizing if the cognitive diversity could enhance group creativity? And under which conditions? is still a research gap. The purpose of this research is to examine the cognitive diversity- creativity relationship in the work group. In addition, this research aims to examine the extent to which collaborative climate could reinforce this relationship. Data were collected from members working in financial institutions using a survey method. the results revealed the significance contributions of various collaborative climates in enhancing the diversity -creativity relationship.
Understanding the Potential Impact of IFRS 15 on the Telecommunication Listed Companies, by the Disclosures’ Study
Authors: Mattei Giorgia , Paoloni Niccolò
Published: December 2018

IFRS 15 “revenues from contracts with clients”, became mandatory for the IFRS compliance companies as from the 1st January 2018. From different studies, appear that the telecommunications companies represent the major industry impacted from the adoption of the new standard. In the present study were selected the Telecommunications companies listed in the Italian and Spanish market.

The methodology used to carry out this research is the content analysis, using the paradigm of the stakeholder theory.

From the findings of the research, it is possible to hypothesize that exist a direct correlation between the potential impact of IFRS 15 and the quantity and quality of information provided in the annual report elaborated for the two years prior to adopting the new standard.

This result could also be used to understand the listed Telecommunications companies managers’ capabilities. In fact, it is renowned that the best managers could be retained to give more importance to stakeholders by supplying more information about the adoption of standard IFRS 15.
Risk Management in the Healthcare Sector and the Important Role of Education and Training Activities: The Case of Regione Lombardia
Authors: Capocchi Alessandro , Orlandini Paola , Pierotti Mariarita , Luzzi Loredana , Minetti Lorenzo
Published: December 2018

Purpose—Risk is intrinsically linked to all economic activity, and can never be completely eliminated; however, in certain cases and conditions, it can be mitigated. From the managerial perspective, it is possible to distinguish between speculative risks and pure risks. This distinction is made in relation to the effects produced from particular events on the economic conditions of the company. Speculative risks can lead to profits or losses, as they are connected to both unfavorable and favorable events, whereas pure risks uniquely produce losses or negative effects. There have been several studies on this topic from various perspectives. Our paper is based on an empirical investigation that aims to verify whether there is a direct or indirect correlation between risk-management policies in the healthcare sector and education and training activities.

Design/methodology/approach—The analysis is based on an inductive research method that uses the case study methodology in order to verify and measure the direct or indirect correlation between risk-management policies and education and training activities in the healthcare sector of Regione Lombardia.

Findings—The paper makes a clear contribution to the knowledge related to risk-management policies in the healthcare sector. Based on the case study of Regione Lombardia, integrates the dimensions of organization and individuals with the cross-section of education and training in new risk-management systems. 

Research limitations/implications—This paper has several limitations. First, it considers only a single case, in Regione Lombardia. The distinctive features of the case may have led to specific empirical evidence and, moreover, the empirical evidence cannot be generalized to other territorial contexts/destinations. Second, the data set is limited to five years and is not sufficient to measure the direct correlation between the two aspects under study.

Originality/value—This is the first paper to have approached, using an inductive research method, the issue of risk management connected to the education/training dimension by analyzing the case of Regione Lombardia. The findings should stimulate new debate in the business economics literature.
The Extent of Compatibility of Accounting Curriculum with the Requirements of Accounting Profession in Labor Market and IT Environment: Field Study in Jordanian Higher Education and Scientific Research Institutes
Authors: Okab Kasswna Reem
Published: December 2018

The Purpose of the study: The study aims is to identify the extent of compatibility of accounting curriculum with the requirements of accounting profession in labor market and IT Environment Jordanian Higher Education and scientific Research Institutes. Such requirements include general and specialized scientific skills and knowledge that accountants need to have in IT environment.

The methodology of the study: The researcher has used descriptive analytical method. Previous studies and international standards of accounting education, touching upon the most important knowledge and skills that the accountants need to have as requirements of Jordanian labor market have been reviewed. In addition, the researcher designed and distributed a questionnaire to a research sample of the accountants working at Jordanian companies.

Findings: The study concluded that the accounting courses taught in Jordanian higher education and scientific research institutes include the most significant knowledge and skills required in Jordanian labor market and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) environment. And they are inserted in some courses but are not detailed. Moreover, the study referred that attention should be paid to the developments of accounting curricula in order to comply with the development of ICT, recently used.
Development of a Culture-ripened Semi-hard Kishk-cheese Containing Bourghol or Semolina
Authors: Hajj Elham , Yaacoub Rita , Al-Arja Nadine , Scandar Samir , Dib Hussein
Published: December 2018

In order to develop a new Kishk-based ripened semi-hard cheese, two different wheat types, namely Bourghol and Semolina, were used. The process involved adding together cereal, goat strained yogurt, starter cultures and rennin enzyme. Physicochemical parameters and sensory attributes were assessed during 4 weeks of ripening at 10°C. The results showed an increase in titratable acidity, pH and solubility index in both types of cheese over ripening period reaching final levels of 1.95%, 3.75 and 85% respectively. Free amino acids were accumulating in Semolina cheese (17.75 mg Leu/g in final product), with a sharp increase after week 2 concurring with a marked decrease in residual lactose. A higher depletion rate of residual lactose was observed for Semolina cheese (49% in Semolina vs 40% in Bourghol) (p<0.05), reflecting better utilization of lactose by LAB. Both types of cheese showed limited oxidation rates (low peroxide and TBARS values) and balanced lipolysis, where FFA formed by the latter decreased after week 2. Texture analysis showed that Kishk-cheese made using Bourghol was always harder (p<0.05) than that of Semolina. Sensory analysis showed that cheese obtained from Bourghol tends to be more yellowish, harder with closed and crumbly body, together with a grainy texture in mouth and pronounced cereal flavor, whereas cheese obtained from Semolina tends to be sour, creamy with a sticky and cohesive texture, and rich lactic, buttery and cheesy flavors. Hedonic tests showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in preference between both types of cheese where Semolina was always preferred except for odor.
Procederen ten behoeve van de gemeenschap van nalatenschap
Authors: Perrick S.
Published: December 2018

Procederen ten behoeve van de gemeenschap van nalatenschap

In deze bijdrage besteedt de schrijver aandacht aan de vraag wie bevoegd is ten behoeve van de gemeenschap van nalatenschap te procederen. Daarbij constateert hij dat het in de praktijk regelmatig voorkomt dat (de advocaat van) een erfgenaam zich niet realiseert dat het gaat om een (rechts)vordering van de gemeenschap en er ten onrechte van uitgaat dat hij namens de erfgenaam privé dient te procederen. Bij de beantwoording van de vraag dient een aantal onderscheidingen te worden gemaakt. Allereerst of het gaat om een vordering op een derde of op een erfgenaam/deelgenoot. En ook of er eventueel een met het beheer van de vordering belaste erfrechtelijke functionaris in functie is.
Schulden van de nalatenschap bij vruchtgebruik en fideicommis
Authors: Brinkman R.E.
Published: December 2018

Schulden van de nalatenschap bij vruchtgebruik en fideicommis

Wat is de positie van een hoofdgerechtigde of verwachter als deze te maken krijgt met schulden? Besproken wordt het verschil tussen zuivere en beneficiaire aanvaarding en tussen het al dan niet toepasselijk zijn van artikel 3:222 BW.
De deur open voor redelijkheid en billijkheid bij de eenzijdige begunstiging
Authors: Wisman M.D.
Published: December 2018

De deur open voor redelijkheid en billijkheid bij de eenzijdige begunstiging

Twee kinderen die begunstigden zijn van de levensverzekering van hun overleden vader procederen tegen zijn partner, die enig erfgenaam is en aanspraak maakt op de uitkering. De Hoge Raad oordeelt dat op grond van redelijkheid en billijkheid de rechtsgevolgen aan de begunstiging moeten worden onthouden. De partner krijgt het geld.
De rechten en plichten van de erfgenaam die met een legaat is belast
Authors: Brans F.W. , Raaijmaakers Ph.A.J.
Published: December 2018

De rechten en plichten van de erfgenaam die met een legaat is belast

Het komt regelmatig voor dat in een testament een legaat staat opgenomen. In dit artikel onderzoeken de auteurs wat de rechten en plichten zijn van de erfgenaam die met een legaat is belast en met welke ‘valkuilen’ de erfgenaam rekening moet houden. Speciale aandacht wordt daarbij besteed aan de positie van de legitimaris-erfgenaam en aan het (keuze)legaat tegen inbreng (van waarde). Pas wanneer duidelijkheid bestaat over wat de status is van het legaat bij de afwikkeling van een nalatenschap kan weloverwogen een keuze worden gemaakt tussen het al dan niet (beneficiair) aanvaarden van de nalatenschap, dan wel het verwerpen van de nalatenschap (al dan niet onder het doen van een beroep op de legitieme portie).
Les torres de planta circular de la frontera extrema d'al-Andalus a Catalunya (segles VIII-X)
Authors: Martí Castelló Ramon , Viladrich M. Mercè
Published: December 2018

Genèricament, aquesta aportació revisa la problemàtica de les fortificacions altmedievals a Catalunya i, en particular, la de les torres exemptes de planta circular, un model d’edifici que compta amb múltiples variants. Aquí el seu origen planteja controvèrsies, atès que alguns casos s’atribueixen a època romana i, la resta, principalment al període comtal, tot i que també són construccions comunes a bona part d’al-Andalus, on la seva atribució al període islàmic no sol discutir-se. Ara revisarem els exemplars més arcaics de les comarques de Girona, Barcelona i Tarragona, tot contrastant les dades arqueològiques i monumentals amb les fonts textuals, per tal de verificar la hipòtesi sobre l’origen andalusí d’aquests primers edificis. Això suposa l’estudi d’un marc territorial molt ampli, que abasta més de 300 km lineals sobre les comarques litorals i prelitorals, on se succeïren fins a tres fronteres distintes que separaren els dominis musulmans dels cristians, des dels Pirineus fins a l’entorn de Tortosa. Aquí sumem mig centenar de torres que integren diversos dispositius de vigilància territorial, tot evidenciant estratègies de defensa que només cobren sentit en època islàmica, contra un enemic procedent del nord. Així mateix, les successives fronteres corresponen a distintes variants de torres que mostren la pròpia evolució del model durant els segles VIII a X, un tipus de construcció que d’aleshores ençà fou assimilat per la poliorcètica comtal.
La fortificació antiga i medieval de Castellví de la Marca (Barcelona), primeres dades arqueològiques
Authors: Folch Cristian , Gibert Jordi , Gonzalo Xavier , Martí Ramon , Martínez Núria
Published: December 2018

Aquesta aportació sintetitza els resultats de les diverses intervencions arqueològiques realitzades a la localitat de Castellví de la Marca durant els darrers tres anys, tot desenvolupant un projecte de recerca que combina l’estudi de les fortificacions altmedievals i el dels clans aristocràtics o nobiliaris. L’elecció d’aquest subjecte es deriva del propi nom del castell de la població, que hom denomina Castellvell (castrum Vetulum) d’ençà de les primeres notícies documentals del segle X, nom que expressa una antigor fins aquí indefinida en termes arqueològics. Aquí els treballs s’iniciaren amb la prospecció sistemàtica del terme municipal, tot sumant 21 zones arqueològiques antigues i medievals, per tal d’inserir el castell al seu àmbit territorial específic. Gràcies a aquests treballs també es detectà un espai habitat associat que se situa als peus del Castellvell, sobre una àmplia plataforma on s’excavà un àmbit específic del segle X, amb presència de materials comtals i també andalusins. Finalment, amb l’inici dels treballs al nucli de la fortificació s’han descobert les restes de tres muralles distintes i s’han recuperat materials arqueològics diversificats que encara són en procés d’estudi, tot evidenciant les distintes fases d’ocupació que ha conegut l’emplaçament del castell i que abracen des de la Prehistòria fins la fi de l’Edat Mitjana.
Museumsaktivisme
Authors: Holst Christina
Published: December 2018

Aktivisme er en praksis, hvor museerne bruger historie og deres magtfulde position i samfundet som etablerede videns- og kulturinstitutioner til at bidrage til løsningen af samfundsmæssige problemer. Men hvordan bør museerne bidrage til løsningen af samfundsproblemer som f.eks. social udsathed? Det diskuterer jeg på skuldrene af museumsstudierne i aktivisme og en fortællingsanalyse af Danmarks Forsorgsmuseums brug af historie om socialt udsatte i udstillingen Skjulte Danmarkshistorier (2017). Danske museer bør ligesom Forsorgsmuseet bidrage til løsningen af samfundsmæssige problemer gennem repræsentation af underrepræsenterede, samskabende samarbejder med underrepræsenterede og deltagelse i den offentlige debat om problemerne. Endelig bør danske museer lære af Forsorgsmuseets videre potentialer for aktivisme gennem løsningsorienterede spørgsmål, som leder op til engagement i underrepræsenteredes aktioner.
Marmorgalleriets ikonografi
Authors: Mogensen Christina Lysbjerg
Published: December 2018

Frederiksborg Slot står som et prægtigt mindesmærke over Christian IV’s ønske om at blive set som en europæisk fyrste. Et af de væsentligste elementer i denne bestræbelse er Marmorgalleriet, som endnu pryder slottets hovedfløj. Marmorgalleriet blev udsmykket med skulpturer og relieffer med temaer fra antikken. Disse udgjorde tilsammen en ikonografisk fremstilling, som kongen kunne spejle sig i. Dette marmorgalleri blev delvist skabt af Amsterdams berømte billedhugger Hendrick de Keyser og er som den eneste skandinaviske konstruktion afbilledet i det berømte værk Architectura Moderna. Tilsammen udgør alt dette en unik indgang til forståelsen af det kulturhistoriske møde mellem oldtidsfascination og „moderne“ arkitektoniske strømninger på grænsen mellem renæssancen og barokken. Men for at forstå netop dette er der et centralt spørgsmål som først må besvares, og som vækker stor uenighed i forskningen: Hvordan så Marmorgalleriet oprindeligt ud, og hvordan relaterer det sig til beskrivelsen i Architectura Moderna? Denne artikel vil behandle netop denne problemstilling.
Herremand til hest
Authors: Tipsmark Kasper Steenfeldt
Published: December 2018

Adelens hestehold og herregårdens heste var en grundlæggende og uomgængelig del af 15- og 1600-tallets danske adelskultur. Med udgangspunkt i rigsråd Eske Brocks dagbøger fra begyndelsen af 1600-tallet har denne artikel til formål at undersøge netop dette element af adelskulturen og i den sammenhæng lægge særlig vægt på hestens mangesidede rolle som redskab og symbol i periodens adelige dagligdag.
Søvn og mytisk tid
Authors: Andersen Michael Christian
Published: December 2018

Charlotte: Nogle gang ligger jeg med øjnene lukket og føler, at jeg sover, selvom jeg kan høre, hvad der foregår, men jeg er så langt væk, at jeg ikke reflekterer over det.
Fotografiet i samfundets tjeneste
Authors: Haldrup Michael , Haldrup Wibeke
Published: December 2018

I starten af det 20. århundrede begyndte lysbilledforedrag at erstatte og supplere anskuelsestavler og lokale materialesamlinger som pædagogisk-didaktisk middel i de danske skoler, og lysbilledforedraget vandt også udbredelse som kommunikativt medie i forskellige foreningssammenhænge, hvor omrejsende foredragsholdere illustrerede deres beretninger med livagtige gengivelser af situationer, steder og objekter på lærredet. Som sådan havde anvendelsen af lysbilleder en langt mere social og massekommunikativ karakter end fx det professionelle eller det personlige fotografi.
Ny Odense
Authors: Fossat Sissel Bjerrum
Published: December 2018

Der bliver revet ned og bygget nyt i centrum af Odense i disse år med en hast, som ikke er set siden 1960’erne. Denne artikel beskæftiger sig med baggrunden for de store projekter og undersøger, hvilke problemer der er blevet opfattet som de centrale i nyere byudviklingspolitik i Odense. Problemer, der blev opfattet som lokale, indgik i en transnational udveksling af byudviklingspolitik, der lagde vægt på at fremelske en kreativ økonomi. De politiske problemrepræsentationer i Odense satte byens identitet i spil.
Phylotocol: Promoting transparency and overcoming bias in phylogenetics
Authors: DeBiasse Melissa B , Ryan Joseph F
Published: December 2018

The integrity of science requires that the process be based on sound experimental design and objective methodology. Strategies that increase reproducibility and transparency in science protect this integrity by reducing conscious and unconscious biases. Given the large number of analysis options and the constant development of new methodologies in phylogenetics, this field is one that would particularly benefit from more transparent research design. Here, we introduce phylotocol (fī·lō·´tə·kôl), an a priori protocol-driven approach in which all analyses are planned and documented at the start of a project. The phylotocol template is simple and the implementation options are flexible to reduce administrative burdens and allow researchers to adapt it to their needs without restricting scientific creativity. While the primary goal of phylotocol is to increase transparency and accountability, it has a number of auxiliary benefits including improving study design and reproducibility, enhancing collaboration and education, and increasing the likelihood of project completion. Our goal with this Point of View article is to encourage a dialogue about transparency in phylogenetics and the best strategies to bring transparent research practices to our field.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases to induce the expression of genes associated with apoptosis during corpus luteum development in bovine
Authors: Kim Sang Hwan , Lee Ji Hye , Yoon Jong Taek
Published: December 2018

Here we investigated the expressions of apoptosis-associated genes known to induce programmed cell death through mRNA expressions of two matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that are involved in the degradation of collagen and basal membrane in luteal cells cultured in the treatment media. Our results show that the activity of MMP-2 gelatinase was higher in the CL2 and CL1 of luteal phase, was gradually decreased in the CH2 and CH3 of luteal phase. In particular, the expressions of P4-r and survival-associated genes (IGFr, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR) were strongly induced during CL3 stage, whereas the levels of these genes in CL were lower during CL2 and CL1 stages. And in the cultured lutein cell analyzed result, we found that as MMPs increase, genes related to apoptosis ( 20α-HSD and Casp-3) also increase. In other words, the results for P4-r and survival-related gene expression patterns in the luteal cells were contrary to the MMPs activation results. These results indicate that active MMPs are differentially expressed to induce the expression of genes associated with programmed cell death from the degrading luteal cells. Therefore, our results suggest that the MMPs activation may lead to luteal cell development or death.
The flow responsive transcription factor Klf2 is required for myocardial wall integrity by modulating Fgf signaling
Authors: Rasouli Seyed Javad , El-Brolosy Mohamed , Tsedeke Ayele Taddese , Bensimon-Brito Anabela , Ghanbari Parisa , Maischein Hans-Martin , Kuenne Carsten , Stainier Didier Y
Published: December 2018

Complex interplay between cardiac tissues is crucial for their integrity. The flow responsive transcription factor KLF2, which is expressed in the endocardium, is vital for cardiovascular development but its exact role remains to be defined. To this end, we mutated both klf2 paralogues in zebrafish, and while single mutants exhibit no obvious phenotype, double mutants display a novel phenotype of cardiomyocyte extrusion towards the abluminal side. This extrusion requires cardiac contractility and correlates with the mislocalization of N-cadherin from the lateral to the apical side of cardiomyocytes. Transgenic rescue data show that klf2 expression in endothelium, but not myocardium, prevents this cardiomyocyte extrusion phenotype. Transcriptome analysis of klf2 mutant hearts reveals that Fgf signaling is affected, and accordingly, we find that inhibition of Fgf signaling in wild-type animals can lead to abluminal cardiomyocyte extrusion. These studies provide new insights into how Klf2 regulates cardiovascular development and specifically myocardial wall integrity.
Time-resolved mapping of genetic interactions to model rewiring of signaling pathways
Authors: Heigwer Florian , Scheeder Christian , Miersch Thilo , Schmitt Barbara , Blass Claudia , Pour Jamnani Mischan Vali , Boutros Michael
Published: December 2018

Context-dependent changes in genetic interactions are an important feature of cellular pathways and their varying responses under different environmental conditions. However, methodological frameworks to investigate the plasticity of genetic interaction networks over time or in response to external stresses are largely lacking. To analyze the plasticity of genetic interactions, we performed a combinatorial RNAi screen in Drosophila cells at multiple time points and after pharmacological inhibition of Ras signaling activity. Using an image-based morphology assay to capture a broad range of phenotypes, we assessed the effect of 12768 pairwise RNAi perturbations in six different conditions. We found that genetic interactions form in different trajectories and developed an algorithm, termed MODIFI, to analyze how genetic interactions rewire over time. Using this framework, we identified more statistically significant interactions compared to end-point assays and further observed several examples of context-dependent crosstalk between signaling pathways such as an interaction between Ras and Rel which is dependent on MEK activity.

Editorial note: This article has been through an editorial process in which the authors decide how to respond to the issues raised during peer review. The Reviewing Editor's assessment is that all the issues have been addressed (see decision letter).
Two central pattern generators from the crab, Cancer borealis, respond robustly and differentially to extreme extracellular pH
Authors: Haley Jessica A , Hampton David , Marder Eve
Published: December 2018

The activity of neuronal circuits depends on the properties of the constituent neurons and their underlying synaptic and intrinsic currents. We describe the effects of extreme changes in extracellular pH – from pH 5.5 to 10.4 – on two central pattern generating networks, the stomatogastric and cardiac ganglia of the crab, Cancer borealis. Given that the physiological properties of ion channels are known to be sensitive to pH within the range tested, it is surprising that these rhythms generally remained robust from pH 6.1 to pH 8.8. The pH sensitivity of these rhythms was highly variable between animals and, unexpectedly, between ganglia. Animal-to-animal variability was likely a consequence of similar network performance arising from variable sets of underlying conductances. Together, these results illustrate the potential difficulty in generalizing the effects of environmental perturbation across circuits, even within the same animal.
Understanding the Relationship BetweenHumanitarian and Development Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Stevens Garry , Wali Nidhi , Georgeou Nichole , Tadjoeddin Zulfan
Published: December 2018

The rising number of natural disasters and emergent conflicts that require coordinated international response has re-focused attention on linking relief, rehabilitation and development (LRRD). This systematic review protocol aims to inform a systematic review to identify primary operational strategies employed to link humanitarian and development interventions. This protocol is guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines and details the review scope and parameters. Findings from this review can contribute to articulation of an integrated LRRD practice framework and its potential application to resilience and related policy instruments.
The Role of Anxiety Sensitivity, Intolerance of Uncertainty, and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in the prediction of Cyberchondria
Authors: Zangoulechi Zahra , Yousefi Zahra , Keshavarz Neda
Published: December 2018

Frequent search for health-related data on the internet that escalates anxiety experience is called cyberchondria. The aim of this study was to determine the role of anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the prediction of cyberchondria. The study was performed on 177 students of Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran. The samples were recruited using clustering sampling method. Data were collected using Cyberchondria Sensitivity Scale (CSS), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASIR), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS). According to the regression analysis, anxiety sensitivity, intolerance of uncertainty and obsessive-compulsive symptoms positively and significantly predicted cyberchondria. According to the results, the interpretation of physical sensations as dangers, uncertainty about the origin of these senses, and the feeling of responsibility and coercion to be sure about the health leads the individual to frequently search medical information through the Internet.
Fluoride Levels of Urban Water in Western Azerbaijan Province in 2017
Authors: Daneshpooy Mehdi , Jafari-navimpour Elmira , Rahbar Mahdi , Parhizgar Javad
Published: December 2018

Introduction: Fluoride is one of the naturally occurring mineral elements which has an effective role in preventing dental caries and its consolidation. Fluoridation of water is a simple technique and the most effective method approved for preventing dental caries. Accordingly, this research was carried out with the aim of investigating the level of fluoride in the urban water of cities in Western Azerbaijan province in 2017. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the level of fluoride in urban water reservoirs of 17 towns of Western Azerbaijan province was examined in different reservoirs. The information of the reservoirs was collected from water and wastewater organization of the province, where a 250-cc water sample was collected from each reservoir. The prepared samples were thenT sent to the laboratory to measure the level of fluoride. Determination of the concentration of fluoride ion in water samples was carried out using spectrophotometric method. Eventually, the data obtained from this study were examined by statistical-descriptive methods using SPSS 17. P <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The results obtained from the study indicate that the level of fluoride in the samples investigated in Shooth and Poldasht town was larger than the optimum level, while the rest of towns had a level lesser than the optimum value. Furthermore, the median of the investigated population (the median fluoride of the towns of Western Azerbaijan province) was 0.227 ppm, when based on statistical tests, it had a significant difference with the optimal fluoride value (1 ppm) (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the median of fluoride concentration in towns of Western Azerbaijan province (0.227 ppm), it can be stated that the level of fluoride in drinking water of this province is low, elucidating the addition of supplementary fluoride to the drinking water of reservoirs.
Sexual Dysfunction Prevalence in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Shafiee Kandjani Alireza , Hosseinpour Mohammad Reza , Daneshamooz Hossein , Shoja Habib , Nikniaz Leila
Published: December 2018

Background: Sexual dysfuntion is a common complication of diabetes and its psychiatric and physical affects may obligate a huge burden compromising patients’ matrimonial, inter-personal and marital relationships. Current study is aimed to evaluate the frequency of sexual dysfunctions in type 2 diabetic women during 2015-2016 in Tabriz, Iran. Materials and Methods: Current cross-sectional study evaluated data gathered from 18-45 years of age type 2 diabetic women attending diabetes care centres of Tabriz. Sample size was estimated to be 300 and the sampling process fulfilled using cluster sampling methods according to the inclusion criteria. Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is used as the research tool. Descriptive data analysis were applied to achieve results using SPSS 20. Results: Non-parametric binominal tests reflects statistically significant decrease in sexual activity of the diabetic patients (p= 0.001). The probability of the catogry below the cut point was 1 which means that 100% of type 2 diabetic women suffer from sexual dysfunction. All items of sexual function are found to be below the average normal measurments. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetic women are vastly under the burden of sexual dysfunction, which affects their physical and psychological health. Current study showed the need to provide sufficient and available care services and organized education courses for diabetic women.