bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Attitude towards Do-Not-Resuscitate Order among Nurses of a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Shrestha Asmita , Shrestha Sarala
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Knowledge regarding and attitude towards end-of-life care can shape the behaviour and actions of a health professional in provision of supportive care for the comfort of the patients as well as their family members. Very little is known about nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order and relationship between knowledge and attitude towards DNR order among the nurses of a tertiary level hospital. 

Methods: Descriptive correlation design was used.  Convenient sampling method was used to select 70 nurses from a tertiary level hospital. Data were collected using pretested self administered structured questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Result: Among 70 respondents, almost all (95.7%) of the respondents had good level of knowledge, 2.9% had fair and 1.4% had poor level of knowledge. Most (80.0%) of the respondents had positive attitude towards DNR order and 20.0% had negative attitude. There was a positive relationship between knowledge of and attitude towards DNR order (r = 0.068) but the relationship was statistically insignificant.

Conclusions: Based on the findings, the study concludes that nurses of tertiary level hospital have good knowledge and positive attitude towards DNR order. Likewise, knowledge regarding DNR order is related with the attitude towards DNR order and thus knowledge can be enhanced to improve the attitude towards DNR by regular in-service education.
A Retrospective Case-Control Study of Lipid Profiles in Carcinoma Breast in Comparison with Normal Controls
Authors: Yalagachin Gurushantappa , S Praveena
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. One of the reasons for its increasing prevalence, especially in younger women has been attributed to lifestyle changes. All these factors also have a strong association with lipid metabolism. More evidence is coming forward to emphasise the protective effect of lifestyle modification to lower lipid levels and thus decreasing the risk of breast cancer.

Methods: It is a retrospective, case control study. The patients with carcinoma breast and normal controls were taken as subjects. The data for this study includes clinical profile and lipid profile measured in early morning fasting sample of the subjects. The patients of carcinoma breast, normal control aged > 18 years were included, while patients with diabetes, thyroid disorders, on treatment for hyper-lipidaemia, dieting or anorexic, pregnant patients were excluded.

Results: There was no statistically significant differences in age (p = 0.920) and BMI (p = 0.137) between study and normal control group. Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) levels were significantly elevated (p = 0.009 and 0.000 respectively) in carcinoma breast group compared to normal controls, however no significant differences (p > 0.05) observed in the levels of HDL-C, LDL-C.

Conclusions: There is a significant alteration in lipid metabolism in carcinoma breast patients in comparison to normal controls.
Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern in Surgical Site Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Central Nepal
Authors: Jha Beena , Gautam Saroj , Sharma Jyotshna , Sharma Manisha
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Surgical site wound infections (SSI) are the third most commonly reported nosocomial infection and they account for approximately a quarter of all nosocomial infections. Apart from bacterial contamination of wound, various patient and environment related factors play a role in development and outcome of SSI. The present study is undertaken to study the frequency of SSI and the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the causative organisms isolated.

Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study was carried out over a period of one year. A total of 245 pus samples from suspected cases of surgical site infections were processed for gram staining, culture, biochemical identification tests and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using standard microbiological protocol. Data was analysed using software word version SPSS 19.

Results: The overall frequency of SSI was 13.87%. Most common isolates were staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. All four staph aureus strains were resistant to penicillin and cefixime but were 100% sensitive to vancomycin and cloxacillin. Two out of four stains were methicillin resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA). Another concern in recent time is the isolation of acinetobacter from surgical wounds.

Conclusions: Preoperative antibiotics, reduced hospital stay and proper control of co-morbidities decrease the incidence of post-operative infections. Marked resistance of isolates to commonly used antibiotics signifies the need for judicious and rational use of these drugs to prevent the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains.
Occurrence of Hypocalcaemia in Admitted Neonates in NICU
Authors: Shrestha Nisha jyoti , Thapa Moon , Subedi Kalpana Upadhaya , Karki Subhana Thapa , Adhikari Saroja , Pandey Anuradha
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Hypocalcaemia is common metabolic manifestation in neonates and associated with both maternal and foetal conditions. Hypocalcaemia is labeled if term neonate’s total serum calcium is < 8 mg/dl and preterm has < 7 mg/dl. Association of neonatal and maternal hypovitaminosis D is very common. . 

Methods: One year retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary level private children hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal from 2018 June to 2019 July. Total 299 cases were selected and serum calcium were sent and analysed for its association with illness, associated maternal hypovitaminosis D and other relevant maternal tests.

Result: Among 686 NICU cases, calcium level was sent for 299 cases. Among these, 254 were term and 45 were preterm babies and male to female ratio was 4:1. Mean calcium in term babies were 8.6 mg/dl and in preterm it was 8.1 mg/dl. Hypocalcaemia was found in 19% of cases with mean calcium level was 7.1 ± 0.84 mg/dl and severe hypocalcaemia accounted for 12%. There was no significant presence of hypocalcaemia in relation to gestation of newborn (p value 0.798). We found higher incidence of late onset hypocalcemia than early onset hypocalcemia but was not of statistical significance (p value 0.771). Associated disease were perinatal asphyxia, congenital heart diseases and prematurity. Among 27 late onset hypocalcaemia, 22% had hypovitaminosis D both in neonates and mother.

Conclusions: Neonatal hypocalcaemia is a common condition associated with sick newborns. In late hypocalcaemia both newborn and mother should be screened for associated lab tests like vitamin D, magnesium, PTH as there may be association between the two.
Impacts of Climate Change and Remote Sensing Technology in its Mitigation Options through Forest Management
Authors: Tamrakar Rabindra Man
Published: September 2021

Greenhouse effect causes global warming and its main consequence is the climate change. Average global temperature is rising significantly over the period. Despite the contribution of total GHG emission by Nepal to the global community is insignificant compared to the developed countries, Nepal has already encountered several adverse effects due to the global climate change, leading to the melting of Himalayan glaciers, reduced agriculture production, loss of biodiversity and ecosystems and changes in social structure and livelihoods. Forest land use change is responsible for CO2 emissions. Forest management therefore can play a significant role in climatic change mitigation. REDD has become the key mechanism in mitigating climate change. The success of REDD mechanism however depends primarily on availability of reliable forestry data including biomass changes and forest carbon estimates. Various Remote Sensing data including optical sensor data have been used for the analysis of forest cover change and estimation of degree of deforestation and degradation. LiDAR however has been widely used in estimating forest biomass for the climate change mitigation.
Survey Department at the Cross Roads
Authors: Sharma Rabin K.
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Feelings of the first Nepali Surveyor on top of Mount Everest
Authors: Gautam Khim Lal
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
A Prospect of Digital Airborne Photogrammetry Approach for Cadastral Mapping in Nepal
Authors: Tamrakar Rabindra Man
Published: September 2021

Although the history of land recording system is very old in Nepal, systemic cadastral survey was commenced only after the promulgation of Land Measurement Acts in 1963 and the implementation of land reform programme in 1964. Cadastral survey of all 75 districts of Nepal was completed in 1995/96 using traditional graphical method with plane tables and telescopic/plane alidades. Derived information from the existing maps now are outdated and do not fulfill the needs of the general public. 27 out of the 83 district survey offices under Survey Department, Government of Nepal are presently involved in cadastral mapping of the village block areas which previously have been left out in the first phase of surveys (1964-1996). These offices as well are engaged in the preparation of new mapping series of the districts using the same traditional graphical survey method. The speed of this survey is relatively slow and the general public also is not very satisfied with this resurveying method. People now are soliciting for updated and reliable land information based on new cadastral maps due to greater demand for land market and higher land values. Now the time has come to adopt an appropriate innovative approach for resurveying in the country in order to meet the growing public demands on reliable land information system as well as to provide prompt services. Although various technologies in cadastral mapping are currently available, digital airborne photogrammetry using aerial photographs probably could be an appropriate technology for resurveying in Nepal, especially in the hilly districts for developing accurate and reliable land information system.
Evolution of Land Use Policy in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Rabin K.
Published: September 2021

Land use is one of the priority sectors of Government of Nepal which can be visualized from the different official documents of the Government. In each of these documents, short term policy is introduced and most of the times it succeeded with partial implementation of the said policy. Therefore, this paper tried to review how the land use policies have been evolved from the period of eighth live year plan to date. Recently the council of ministers, Government of Nepal approved the Land Use Policy. The progress so far made in the preparation of land use data and maps have been briefly mentioned. Some of the key issues have been identified for not achieving the targeted goals of land use policy and proposed some suggestions to overcome the shortcomings. After the adoption of land use policy, it will effectively support in execution of land use implementation plan.
Role of Survey Department In Disaster Management In Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Suresh Man
Published: September 2021

The Himalayan Range is a young mountain system of the world and about 83% of the total area of Nepal is covered by high hills and mountains. Major river systems of Nepal originate from the glaciers and are perennial in nature. According to the preliminary results of the Census 2011, more than 50% of total population live in Terai and are vulnerable to flood. Since Nepal falls under the seismically active zone earthquake has been one of the major disasters experienced in the country. Fire, Glacier Lake Outburst Flood, lightening, hail storm are some other natural disaster claiming lives of Nepalese people. It is not possible to stop disasters, but the consolidated effort of different organization may make us better prepared to overcome the negative impacts of such disasters. This article tries to explore the role of Survey Department in this context.
Глубиннопсихологическое пространство материнского комплекса в творческом сознании Марины Цветаевой (на материале автобиографической прозы)
Authors: Betko Iryna
Published: September 2021

W artykule na podstawie autobiograficznej prozy Mariny Cwietajewej (w tym esejów:Matka i Muzyka, Historia jednej dedykacji, Mój Puszkin, a także Autobiografii etc.) podjętopróbę wstępnej analizy archetypowych motywów, kreujących głębinowo-psychologicznąprzestrzeń kompleksu matki w obszarze twórczej świadomości pisarki. Metodologiczno-badawczą bazę pracy stanowią wybrane zagadnienia analitycznej psychologii CarlaGustava Junga, zaś na jej treść merytoryczną składają się cztery zasadnicze fragmenty.W pierwszym zostały wyłonione przeciwieństwa natury psychiczno-egzystencjalnej, ściślezwiązane z postrzeganiem obrazu matki przez jej pierworodną córkę oraz obarczające jąodpowiednim kompleksem. W drugim rozpatrywane są ciemne strony matczynej pedagogiki,pogłębiające ów kompleks. W trzecim naświetla się te pozytywne cechy wewnętrzne,które powstały w trakcie konfrontacji z matką pianistką córki poetki, walczącej o własnątożsamość twórczą. W czwartym są omawiane sposoby kompensacji traumy kompleksumatki. Ambiwalentny obraz matki, urastający do rangi potężnego symbolu, zarównoafirmowany, jak też demonizowany, był obecny w duszy Cwietajewej nie tylko za życiarodzicielki, lecz także po jej śmierci. Olbrzymią wartość poznawczo-estetyczną stanowisam proces zgłębiania przez pisarkę zróżnicowanych motywów archetypowych, ostatecznieprzywidujący werbalizację doświadczeń dokonanej samoanalizy w artystyczniedoskonałych utworach prozatorskich.
Ist das Polnische eine geschlechtergerechte Sprache? Zur Movierung im Polnischen
Authors: Dargiewicz Anna
Published: September 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie specyfiki procesu słowotwórczego ‘mocja‘w języku polskim, przedstawienie uwag wynikających z analizy przytoczonych przykładówzaczerpniętych z literatury przedmiotu oraz ze źródeł prasowych i internetowych, a takżezwrócenie uwagi na złożoność i ważność problemu, jakim jest formułowanie określeńzawodów, funkcji, stanowisk i stopni naukowych w sposób uwzględniający płeć w obliczuwspółczesnych przemian społeczno-gospodarczych. Szczególna uwaga poświęcona zostajenajpopularniejszemu formantowi słowotwórczemu -ka służącemu tworzeniu żeńskichodpowiedników nazw męskich, przy czym poruszony zostaje problem jego multifunkcjonalności,co najczęściej negatywnie wpływa na jego funkcję tworzenia feminatywów.Ważnym punktem jest także wskazanie na charakterystyczne, obecnie jeszcze wydaje sięnieakceptowalne, żeńskie formy w języku polskim typu filologini, ministra, które funkcjonująjuż w niektórych kręgach i prawdopodobnie w miarę upływu czasu zakorzeniąsię w języku oficjalnym.
Лексема «гей» как языковое обозначение чужеродности в дискурсе ультраконсервативных православных монархистов в россии
Authors: Zemszał Piotr
Published: September 2021

Do istotnych tematów poruszanych w tekstach dyskursu rosyjskiego radykalnego ruchuprawosławno-monarchistycznego należy kwestia seksualnego i rodzinnego życia człowieka,w tym również zagadnienie homoseksualności. W badanych materiałach wykorzystywanyjest stosunkowo niewielki zasób jednostek określających osoby homoseksualne. Regularniewykorzystywane są cztery nominacje o różnym stopniu negatywnego nacechowania(гомосексуалист, лесбиянка, содомит, педераст). Pojawiająca się na ich tle zapożyczonanominacja гей funkcjonuje w dość szczególny sposób. Na 29 jej wystąpień zaledwie11 razy pojawia się bez cudzysłowu lub nie w mowie zależnej. Jest to element uznawanyza obcy, a nawet wrogi wobec badanego dyskursu, uważany za reprezentację ICH sposoburozumienia problemu homoseksualności.
Evaluation of foreign remontant raspberry cultivars for production and breeding
Authors: Evdokimenko S. N.
Published: September 2021

The over 100 remontant raspberry cultivars worldwide continue to variegate, with breeding mostly successful in the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Poland, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Russia. In most native climates of Russia, foreign varieties unluckily do not realise their biological potential to not attain the originator-declared character. The research aimed at a comprehensive study of introduced remontant raspberry cultivars to clarify the prospects of their production and breeding. The study was being conducted over 2018-2020 on the genetic raspberry collection plot of the All-Russian Horticultural Institute for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery’s Kokino base station (Bryansk Region). Research focused on ten foreign remontant raspberry cultivars. The late-maturing Atlant variety of the state-permitted crop catalogue served a control. Research followed the generally accepted protocols. Statistical experimental data analyses were accomplished with Microsoft Excel. Phenotypic evaluation of the introduced remontant raspberry cultivars by plant morphology revealed their Middle Russia-specific traits of growth and development. The greatest yield surface (238-316 cm) was observed in Joan J, Imara, Himbo Top and Carolina foreign cultivars. The remontant varieties studied were found to distinguish by late maturity and low yield (2.9-6.1 t/ha), thusly being off-focus to industrial horticulture. Imara, Erika, Sugana, Joan J, Carolina and Himbo Top leading with a 5.0-6.1 t/ha yield can be recommended in home gardening. Selected foreign cultivars deserve attention as a genetic resource in breeding for larger fruit size (Poranna Rosa, Driscoll Maravilla, Sugana), higher soluble solid content (Kweli, Karolina, Kwanza), fruit strength (Kwanza, Driscoll Maravilla), optimal fruit detachment force (Himbo Top, Joan J, Imara, Kwanza) and compact bush habitus (Poranna Rosa).
Prosopagnosia following nonlanguage dominant inferior temporal lobe low-grade glioma resection in which the inferior longitudinal fasciculus was disrupted preoperatively: illustrative case
Authors: Young Jacob S. , Morshed Ramin A. , Andrews John P. , Cha Soonmee , Berger Mitchel S.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Prosopagnosia is a rare neurological condition characterized by the impairment of face perception with preserved visual processing and cognitive functioning and is associated with injury to the fusiform gyrus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). Reports of this clinical impairment following resection of right temporal lobe diffuse gliomas in the absence of contralateral injury are exceedingly scarce and not expected as a complication of surgery.

OBSERVATIONS

The authors describe the case of a young female patient found to have an incidental diffuse glioma in the right inferior temporal lobe despite evidence of preoperative ILF disruption by the tumor. Following resection of the lesion, despite the preoperative disruption to the ILF by the tumor, the patient developed prosopagnosia. There was no evidence of contralateral, left-sided ILF injury.

LESSONS

Given the significant functional impairment associated with prosopagnosia, neurosurgeons should be aware of the exceedingly rare possibility of a visual-processing deficit following unilateral and, in this case, right-sided inferior temporal lobe glioma resections. More investigation is needed to determine whether preoperative testing can determine dominance of facial-processing networks for patients with lesions in the right inferior posterior temporooccipital lobe and whether intraoperative mapping could help prevent this complication.
Karakterisasi Site di Lokasi Stasion Monitoring Gempa Pada Dugaan Jalur Sesar Baribis
Authors: Ridwan Mohamad , Rusli Muhammad , Sarumpaet Erik Rolando
Published: September 2021

Merujuk pada beberapa publikasi sebelumnya dimana jalur sesar Baribis yang berasal dari kawasan Subang diduga masih menerus ke arah Barat mendekati kawasan Jakarta. Hal tersebut menjadi perhatian banyak ahli untuk melakukan kajian lebih detail karena dikhawatirkan akan berdampak pada beberapa kota besar di sekitarnya. Sebagai tahap awal studi adalah melakukan pemantauan kejadian gempa di sekitar dugaan jalur sesar dengan memasang seismograf untuk mengetahui aktivitas sesar. Bersamaan dengan pelaksanaan pembangunan stasiun pemantau gempa, kajian karakterisasi situs dilakukan pada setiap lokasi yaitu di Jatiluhur, Walahar, dan Cipamingkis dengan menggunakan metode Standar Penetration Test (SPT), Microtremor Array dan HVSR. Hasil uji lapangan untuk lokasi Jatiluhur diperoleh periode predominan (T) = 0,77 detik, Vs30 = 274,17 m/detik, kedalaman batuan dasar 276 m dan NSPT30 = 40,05, di Walahar T = 0,58 detik, Vs30 = 264,35 m/detik , kedalaman batuan dasar 305 m, NSPT30 = 15,14, sedangkan di Cipamingkis T = 0,37 detik, Vs30 = 269,16 m/detik, kedalaman batuan dasar 190 m, NSPT30 = 35,83. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut seluruh lokasi kajian dapat diklasifikasikan kedalam jenis tanah sedang (kelas SD). Hasil ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi untuk berbagai keperluan, termasuk studi amplifikasi dan analisis bahaya seismik.
Tipologi Rumah Tradisional Tolaki Komali Di Desa Wolasi Kecamatan Wolasi Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Ramadan Sachrul , Umar Muhammad Zakaria , Kadir Ishak
Published: September 2021

Rumah dapat dianalisis dengan pendekatan tipologi. Rumah tradisional Tolaki terdiri dari bagian bawah, bagian tengah, dan bagian atas. Salah satu etnis Tolaki berada di Desa Wolasi, Kecamatan Wolasi, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Menurut tokoh masyarakat bahwa rumah tradisional Tolaki Komali pernah ada di desa tersebut. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan untuk merekonstruksikan kembali bentuk rumah tradisional Tolaki Komali. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengidentifikasi tipologi rumah tradisional Tolaki Komali. Identfikasi rumah ini dilaksanakan dengan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan grounded theory. Sumber data primer didapatkan dari kajian literatur. Sumber data primer terdiri dari rumah tradisional Tolaki Komali dan tipologi bangunan. Tipologi bangunan dikelompokkan menjadi struktur bawah, struktur tengah, dan struktur atas. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara kajian literatur. Penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa rumah tradisional Tolaki Komali sebagai berikut: pertama, struktur bawah yang paling khas yaitu pondasi tiang bagian bawah dibakar, ditanam, dan diselubungi dengan ijuk; tinggi tiang bawah dibuat sesuai dengan ukuran hewan kerbau; Komali terdapat tiang petumbu dan tiang tinohe; balok tiang serta lantai diikat oleh balok siwolembatohu. Kedua, struktur tengah yang paling khas yaitu dinding papan dipasang tegak; tangga terdapat di ruang tinumba ibunga; dan pintu dibuka pada bagian kiri. Ketiga, struktur atas yang paling khas yaitu atap rumah berbentuk perisai dan bubungan atap dibuat melengkung.
Towards Managing Digital Transformation in Manufacturing Industry: Theoretical Framework
Authors: Abdallah Yasser Omar , Shehab Essam , Al-Ashaab Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Although digital transformation has been extensively researched in recent years, there is no clear definition, especially in the manufacturing industry. In addition, there is no oblivious model for the current manufacturing firms to be digitally transformed. As a part of a current research project, this paper proposes a framework for the digital transformation process in the manufacturing industry to be used and applied by various firms, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The proposed framework combines the four main aspects of Digital transfroamtion in an integrated way. These four areas are Peaple, Strategy and Leadership, Business Processes, Enabling Technologies and Tools. The framework balances between the management and technological aspects of Digital Transformation implementation inside the manufacturing organisation.
Mental Workload of Local vs Remote Operator in Human-Machine Interaction Case Study
Authors: Zimmer Melanie , Al-Yacoub Ali , Ferreira Pedro , Hubbard Ella-Mae , Lohse Niels
Published: September 2021

Since late 2019, a novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally. As a result, businesses were forced to send their workforce into remote working, wherever possible. While research in this area has seen an increase in studying and developing technologies that allow and support such remote working style, not every sector is currently prepared for such a transition. Especially the manufacturing sector has faced challenges in this regard. In this paper, the mental workload of two groups of participants is studied during a human-robot interaction task. Participants were asked to bring a robotised cell used in a dispensing task to full production by tuning system parameters. After the experiment, a self-assessment of the participants’ perceived mental workload using the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) was used. The results show that remote participants tend to have lower perceived workload compared to the local participants.
Introducing Functional Tones for Analysing Action Perception in Manufacturing: Explaining What Affordances Cannot
Authors: Lagerstedt Erik , Kolbeinsson Ari
Published: September 2021

Functional tones is a concept that originates in theoretical biology and resembles how the concept ‘affordances’ is used. Both functional tones and affordances are concepts dealing with particularly salient features in an individual’s immediate environment. The concept of affordances has proven useful for practitioners of usability and design as it supports intuitive ways of classifying how action possibilities match between a person and an object [1]. Functional tones have, however, thus far remained obscure among practitioners, despite functional tones having a stronger theoretical foundation and facilitates a deeper and more human-centred analysis of interaction. The functional tones related to an object depend not only on the modes of sensation and action the perceiver is capable of, but also more subjective aspects such as experience, motivation and emotions. Using functional tones in design or analysis of interaction provides a fundamentally user experience centred perspective while avoiding the philosophical luggage of affordances.
Reverse Engineering Application Instruments and Code Reliability: A Comparative Study of Tools
Authors: Zeeshan Manaqib Ahmad , Waris Salman Sagheer
Published: September 2021

Based on different scenarios (professional guidelines) practice of Software Reverse Engineering (SRE) is used to analyse the combined instructions system to extract information regarding design and implementation of either part of, or the whole software application. These business rules are implemented in the form of a line code whereas actual source code is hidden and only gets the binary form of the code. Technologies that used for reverse engineering are CVF, V7, CFC, 14D, RTR, B#. These instruments are used for a better understanding of the program algorithm, logic, and program specifics in windows API functions, programming assembler language, network interaction principle. The tools that are discussed will not disturb the code consistency and basic structure of software. Present research shows a comparative analysis of various tools to establish which reverse engineering tool is better based on what characteristics.
Theoretical Derivation of Mean Cutting-Point Space of Grinding Wheel
Authors: Kusuyama Jumpei , Tanaka Michinosuke , Kawase Bima , Nakao Yohichi
Published: September 2021

In a surface grinding process, a successive cutting-point space of grinding wheel affects the maximum abrasive grain depth of cut, which is a major factor affecting grinding characteristics such as the grinding forces and temperature. These characteristics degrade the productivity and machining accuracy. Therefore, we have to clearly define the successive cutting-point space. There are, however, few reports on the derivation method of the theoretical formula since abrasive grains inside the wheel are randomly distributed. This study aimed to theoretically derive the mean cutting-point space and to clarify the successive cutting-point space. We proposed a new derivation method for the mean cutting-point space, which was measured by mapping the diamond wheel surface using an EPMA. The theoretically derived mean cutting-point space was then compared with the measurement results.
Comprehensive Simulation of Cooperative Robotic System for Advanced Composite Manufacturing: A Case Study
Authors: Yang Manman , Yu Leijian , Wong Cuebong , Mineo Carmelo , Yang Erfu , Bomphray Iain , Huang Ruoyu , Brady Scott
Published: September 2021

Composite materials are widely used because of their light weight and high strength properties. They are typically made up of multi-directional layers of high strength fibres, connected by a resin. The manufacturing of composite parts is complex, time-consuming and prone to errors. This work investigates the use of robotics in the field of composite material manufacturing, which has not been well investigated to date (particularly in simulation). Effective autonomous material transportation, accurate localization and limited material deformation during robotic grasping are required for optimum placement and lay-up. In this paper, a simulation of a proposed cooperative robotic system, which integrates an autonomous mobile robot with a fixed-base manipulator, is presented. An approach based on machine vision is adopted to accurately track the position and orientation of the fibre plies. A simulation platform with a built-in physics engine is used to simulate material deformation under gravity and external forces. This allows realistic simulation of robotic manipulation for raw materials. The results demonstrate promising features of the proposed system. A root mean square error of 9.00 mm for the estimation of the raw material position and 0.05 degrees for the fibre orientation detection encourages further research for developing the proposed robotic manufacturing system.
Autonomous Mobile Robots in High Occupancy Aerospace Manufacturing
Authors: Martin Lancelot , Gao James , Wilson Alister , Le Chi Hieu , de Ree Marcus
Published: September 2021

Using a combination of active Radio-Frequency Identification tracking and staff interviews with members from an aerospace manufacturing company, it was uncovered that over 80 hours per week was spent in the manual movement of goods between departments. On a site of over 1000 employees that uses dedicated build cells in separated departments, this mixed-use facility proves challenging for the adoption of an autonomous delivery system due to its narrow corridors and high occupancy, however by investigating the concerns of employees and suggesting low-cost retroactive solutions, this project seeks to justify the transition from manual to automated onsite logistics. The conclusion found that indeed the company does have the transport yields to justify the use of Autonomous Mobile Robots, that the robots would supplement rather than replace workers and that safety was a key factor to address when using robots on a site of this configuration.
Understanding Uncertainty in Recycling Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Meiirbekov Arshyn , Shehab Essam , Amantayeva Akniyet , Suleimen Aidar , Tokbolat Serik , Sarfraz Shoaib
Published: September 2021

Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) is a trending topic in the context of the current levels of CFRPs application in different industries and evolving environmental legislation and regulations. However, the recycling processes tend to be accompanied by various uncertainties leading to an increase of difficulties in evaluating them. This study aims to investigate the uncertainties that accompany the recycling of CFRPs by identifying, categorizing, and analysing their impacts. Four main categories such as technical (primary recycling process), recyclate pre-processing, supply chain, and market uncertainties were identified in this study and analysed in a wider context.
Development of a Novel System for Adaptive Machining of Near-Net-Shape Components
Authors: Zhao Zhengcai , Lin Shengtao , Fu Yucan
Published: September 2021

Near-net-shape components are popular among the aerospace industry for low material waste and high manufacturing efficiency. However, it is difficult to machine such components into final shapes because the machining allowance is often distributed unevenly and even insufficient. This paper proposed a novel system for adaptive machining near-net-shape components, which integrates units like on-machine measurement based on probe and ultrasonic-sensor, machining allowance constrained localization, tolerance range constrained shape reconstruction, and TCP (tool cutter position) template-based NC programming. Firstly, localization and free form deformation (FFD)-based shape construction are performed within the tolerance ranges of the component, and an even distribution of the machining allowance can be obtained. Next, the quick NC programming that directly manipulates the TCPs by using spatial deformation is introduced. Last, the data transmission between units is illustrated. A case study of the machining titanium turbine blade is performed, which validates the proposed system.
Factory Manufactured Modular Construction of Process Plants
Authors: Wrigley Paul , Wood Paul , O’Neill Sam , Hall Richard , Robertson Daniel
Published: September 2021

Off-Site Modular Construction (OSMC) research has been a growing research area over the past two decades because of low productivity in construction. Tools are superior in factories and productivity is much higher compared to a stick built site. This has spawned the development small, factory built, rapidly deployable and flexible process plants to take advantage of the gains in OSMC productivity. Chemical process plant research is studying fast, automated design and configuration. In this paper, a literature review was performed on modular factory manufactured process plants. The literature review found that moving to small scale OSMC plant systems could enable cost and schedule savings and months of design time compared to the previous on-site assembly design. It was also found that while automation has been applied in earlier stages of the plant design process, a layout optimisation methodology has not been applied to small OSMC process plants. The paper then proposes to utilise a mathematical layout optimisation model to help design and construct modular process plants and considers how this may fit into the process plant design process, as well as considering the transport requirements for modules.
An Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Power Generator for Public and Industrial Buildings Application
Authors: Floyd Daniel , Shafik Mahmoud
Published: September 2021

This paper presents an ultrasonic micro power generator using the piezoelectric direct effect phenomena. The micro power generator consists of 2 main elements, a movement matt including PZT elements and an energy harvesting circuit. The movement matt is made up of a four PZT elements each element creating a cantilever beam. The energy harvesting circuit is made up of an LTC3588 Evaluation Board and an LDR night light. Computer simulation and modelling using finite element analysis for the proposed generation method is discussed and used in the design and development process. Finite element analysis has been used to evaluate the PZT structure by performing an algebraic solution of a set of equations, describing an ideal model structure, with a finite number of variables. The simulation and modelling enabled to select the material and best method of operation. A prototype of the proposed generator was built and tested. This demonstrated that piezoelectric material could produce up to 36V, although the overall impedance of such devices was shown to be linear depending on the force applied with an average of 36MΩ. The Energy harvesting circuit allowed an output super capacitor to be step charged taking an average time of 35-minutes to charge and 2-minutes to discharge through the selected load.
Modelling Interdependencies in an Electrical Motor Manufacturing Process Involving Deformable Material
Authors: Escudero-Ornelas Izhar Oswaldo , Tiwari Divya , Farnsworth Michael , Tiwari Ashutosh
Published: September 2021

Electrical machines have recently received a lot of attention due to a variety of applications in several industries. Although advances in digital technologies have enabled more efficient production of electrical machines, faults are still identified at the end of the line tests. In order to avoid accumulation of defects during the production chain, it is desirable to identify faults early in the process. This can be achieved by identifying how critical process parameters and the interdependencies between them influence the occurrence of faults. This poses a challenge in electrical machine manufacturing because of the complexity involved in various manufacturing steps involving deformable material, an example is coil winding. This paper proposes a computational framework to model interdependencies in a complex electrical machine manufacturing process involving deformable material. A Discrete Event Simulation model representing the coil winding process demonstrated that input parameters such as wire tension and winding speed influence physical and electrical properties of the coil (enamelled copper wire) leading to generation of defects in the final product.
Development of a New Research Methodology Tool ‘Pearsons Visual Relationship Framework’
Authors: Pearson Stephen Robert , Shafik Mahmoud
Published: September 2021

Academics and researchers are often faced with reading significant numbers of publications to identify and extract the relevant information that is required for their research, which can be time consuming and difficult to keep track of. The aim of this study was to find an alternative solution to current research methodologies used for publication review information storage and retrieval. The objectives were to develop a system utilising a relationship management format, that is visual and easy to create, providing access to documents, notes, abstracts and other relevant information at the click of a button. Following extensive research into methods of achieving this, it became apparent that there was a gap in the knowledge on how to achieve it efficiently. The visual relationship tool was developed and evaluated in practical use in academia and manufacturing, with extremely positive results as to its suitability in both fields. The conclusions were that the tool is not limited to academic research but can also be used in manufacturing, industry and small business management as well.
Resilience in Industry 4.0 Digital Infrastructures and Platforms
Authors: Ribeiro Daniel , Almeida António , Azevedo Américo , Ferreira Filipe
Published: September 2021

We live in a world where companies are shifting to the industry 4.0 paradigm. One of the pillars of Industry 4.0 is the digitalization of physical assets and manufacturing processes, moving toward the Cyber-Physical Production Systems concept (CPPS). In these systems, every component of the production process – machines, tools, workstations, etc. – is equipped with sensors, possesses information about itself, and can interact with each other, allowing the production of smaller batches at lower prices and increase product customization through adaptative processes. Consequently, companies are evolving their information systems to have more visibility and control over their production systems. This change increases both the production system’s agility and its vulnerability to communication and information related disruptions. Hence, companies that adhere to Industry 4.0 enabling technologies must adopt new methodologies and tools to become aware of the new risks that arise by the introduction of new digital platforms, their impacts in the production systems, and how they may react to remain resilient. In this paper, disruption events and adequate mitigation strategies are analysed, modelled, and simulated as part of a methodology designed to measure the impacts of disruptive events on the production system.
A Data-Driven Method for Predicting Deformation of Machined Parts Using Sparse Monitored Deformation Data
Authors: Zhao Zhiwei , Li Yingguang , Goh Yee Mey , Liu Changqing , Kinnell Peter
Published: September 2021

In the aircraft industry, where high precision geometric control is vital, unexpected component deformation, due to the release of internal residual stress, can limit geometric accuracy and presents process control challenges. Prediction of component deformation is necessary so that corrective control strategy can be defined. However, existing prediction methods, that are mainly based on the prediction or measurement of residual stress, are limited and accurate deformation prediction is still a research challenge. To address this issue, this paper presents a data-driven method for deformation prediction based on the use of in-process monitored deformation data. Deformation, which is caused by an unbalanced internal residual stress field, can be accurately monitored during the machining process via an instrumented fixture device. The state of the internal stress field within the part is first estimated by the using the part deformation data collected during machining process, and then, the deformation caused by a subsequent machining process is predicted. Deep learning is used to establish the estimating module and predicting module. The estimating module is used to infer the unobservable residual stress field as vectors by using sparse deformation data. The inferred vector is then used to predict the deformation in the predicting module. The proposed method provides an effective way to predict deformation during the machining of monolithic components, which is demonstrated experimentally.
Cost Data Visualisation
Authors: Wood Andrew , Kirkwood Leigh , Feng Zijin , Alhaydhal Sultan , Alomran Abdullah , Bin Taleb Rayan , Durazo-Cardenas Isidro , Starr Andrew
Published: September 2021

Decision making using the methodologies and analysis generated by the cost engineering function is widely considered good practice across industry, as a way to support both technical engineering decisions and fundamental business decisions. One persistent challenge for the professional cost engineer is to present cost data and information to decision makers and a mix of audiences. Data visualisation is therefore an important element to ensure that data is presented in a clear, effective and convenient format to ensure sufficient insights can be gathered. This work explores different data presentation and visualisation approaches. This review highlighted this topic as a research gap that this paper is novel in addressing. The review findings are further explored through a series of semi-structured interviews with experts in relevant fields to establish effective data visualisation methods, along with the challenges associated with presenting cost data to a variety of audiences. Chart embellishments are one explored area of potential to increase the engagement and understanding of visualisations.
TODO: A Core Ontology for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems in Industry 4.0
Authors: Aceta Cristina , Fernández Izaskun , Soroa Aitor
Published: September 2021

Nowadays, the demand in industry of dialogue systems to be able to naturally communicate with industrial systems is increasing, as they allow to enhance productivity and security in these scenarios. However, adapting these systems to different use cases is a costly process, due to the complexity of the scenarios and the lack of available data. This work presents the Task-Oriented Dialogue management Ontology (TODO), which aims to provide a core and complete base for semantic-based task-oriented dialogue systems in the context of industrial scenarios in terms of, on the one hand, domain and dialogue modelling and, on the other hand, dialogue management and tracing support. Furthermore, its modular structure, besides grouping specific knowledge in independent components, allows to easily extend each of the modules, attending the necessities of the different use cases. These characteristics allow an easy adaptation of the ontology to different use cases, with a considerable reduction of time and costs. So as to demonstrate the capabilities of the the ontology by integrating it in a task-oriented dialogue system, TODO has been validated in real-world use cases. Finally, an evaluation is also presented, covering different relevant aspects of the ontology.
LLOD-Driven Bilingual Word Embeddings Rivaling Cross-Lingual Transformers in Quality of Life Concept Detection from French Online Health Communities
Authors: Allgaier Katharina , Veríssimo Susana , Tan Sherry , Orlikowski Matthias , Hartung Matthias
Published: September 2021

We describe the use of Linguistic Linked Open Data (LLOD) to support a cross-lingual transfer framework for concept detection in online health communities. Our goal is to develop multilingual text analytics as an enabler for analyzing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) from self-reported patient narratives. The framework capitalizes on supervised cross-lingual projection methods, so that labeled training data for a source language are sufficient and are not needed for target languages. Cross-lingual supervision is provided by LLOD lexical resources to learn bilingual word embeddings that are simultaneously tuned to represent an inventory of HRQoL concepts based on the World Health Organization’s quality of life surveys (WHOQOL). We demonstrate that lexicon induction from LLOD resources is a powerful method that yields rich and informative lexical resources for the cross-lingual concept detection task which can outperform existing domain-specific lexica. Furthermore, in a comparative evaluation we find that our models based on bilingual word embeddings exhibit a high degree of complementarity with an approach that integrates machine translation and rule-based extraction algorithms. In a combined configuration, our models rival the performance of state-of-the-art cross-lingual transformers, despite being of considerably lower model complexity.
Knowledge Graph Question Answering Using Graph-Pattern Isomorphism
Authors: Vollmers Daniel , Jalota Rricha , Moussallem Diego , Topiwala Hardik , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille , Usbeck Ricardo
Published: September 2021

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) systems are often based on machine learning algorithms, requiring thousands of question-answer pairs as training examples or natural language processing pipelines that need module fine-tuning. In this paper, we present a novel QA approach, dubbed TeBaQA. Our approach learns to answer questions based on graph isomorphisms from basic graph patterns of SPARQL queries. Learning basic graph patterns is efficient due to the small number of possible patterns. This novel paradigm reduces the amount of training data necessary to achieve state-of-the-art performance. TeBaQA also speeds up the domain adaption process by transforming the QA system development task into a much smaller and easier data compilation task. In our evaluation, TeBaQA achieves state-of-the-art performance on QALD-8 and delivers comparable results on QALD-9 and LC-QuAD v1. Additionally, we performed a fine-grained evaluation on complex queries that deal with aggregation and superlative questions as well as an ablation study, highlighting future research challenges.