bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of two multiplexed technologies for profiling >1,000 serum proteins that may associate with tumor burden
Authors: Ren Annie , Prassas Ioannis , Sugumar Vijithan , Soosaipillai Antoninus , Bernardini Marcus , Diamandis Eleftherios P , Kulasingam Vathany
Published: June 2021

Background: In this pilot study, we perform a preliminary comparison of two targeted multiplex

proteomics technologies for discerning serum protein concentration changes that may correlate to tumor burden in ovarian cancer (OC) patients.

Methods: Using the proximity extension assay (PEA) and Quantibody® Kiloplex Array (QKA), we measured >1,000 proteins in the pre-surgical and post-surgical serum from nine OC patients (N=18 samples). We expect that proteins that have decreased significantly in the post-surgical serum concentration may correlate to tumor burden in each patient. Duplicate sera from two healthy individuals were used as controls (N=4 samples). We employed in-house ELISAs to measure five proteins with large serum concentration changes in pre- and post-surgical sera, from four of the original nine patients and the two original controls.

Results: Both platforms showed a weak correlation with clinical cancer antigen 125 (CA125) data. The two multiplexed platforms showed a significant correlation with each other for >400 overlapping proteins. PEA uncovered 15 proteins, while QKA revealed 11 proteins, with more than a two-fold post-surgical decrease in at least six of the nine patients. Validation using single enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) showed at least a two-fold post-surgical decrease in serum concentration of the same patients, as indicated by the two multiplex assays.

Conclusion: Both methods identified proteins that had significantly decreased in post-surgical serum concentration, as well as recognizing proteins that had been implicated in OC patients. Our findings from a limited sample size suggest that novel targeted proteomics platforms are promising tools for identifying candidate serological tumor-related proteins.  However further studies are essential for the improvement of accuracy and avoidance of false results.
A mixed methods evaluation of Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) and Basic Life Support in Obstetrics (BLSO) in a resource-limited setting on the Thailand-Myanmar border
Authors: McGready Rose , Rijken Marcus J. , Turner Claudia , Than Hla Hla , Tun Nay Win , Min Aung Myat , Hla Sophia , Wai Nan San , Proux Kieran , Min Thaw Htway , Gilder Mary Ellen , Sneddon Anne
Published: June 2021

Background: Short emergency obstetric care (EmOC) courses have demonstrated improved provider confidence, knowledge and skills but impact on indicators such as maternal mortality and stillbirth is less substantial. This manuscript evaluates Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics (ALSO) and Basic Life Support (BLSO) as an adult education tool, in a protracted, post-conflict and resource-limited setting.

Methods: A mixed methods evaluation was used. Basic characteristics of ALSO and BLSO participants and their course results were summarized. Kirkpatrick’s framework for assessment of education effectiveness included: qualitative data on participants’ reactions to training (level 1); and quantitative health indicator data on change in the availability and quality of EmOC and in maternal and/or neonatal health outcomes (level 4), by evaluation of the post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) related maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and stillbirth rate in the eight years prior and following implementation of ALSO and BLSO.

Results: 561 Thailand-Myanmar border health workers participated in ALSO (n=355) and BLSO (n=206) courses 2008-2020. Pass rates on skills exceeded 90% for both courses while 50% passed the written ALSO test. Perceived confidence significantly improved for all items assessed. In the eight-year block preceding the implementation of ALSO and BLSO (2000-07) the PPH related MMR per 100,000 live births was 57.0 (95%CI 30.06-108.3)(9/15797) compared to 25.4 (95%CI 11.6-55.4)(6/23620) eight years following (2009-16), p=0.109. After adjustment, PPH related maternal mortality was associated with birth before ALSO/BLSO implementation aOR 3.825 (95%CI 1.1233-11.870), migrant (not refugee) status aOR 3.814 (95%CI 1.241-11.718) and attending ≤four antenatal consultations aOR 3.648 (95%CI 1.189-11.191). Stillbirth rate per 1,000 total births was 18.2 (95%CI 16.2-20.4)(291/16016) before the courses, and 11.1 (95%CI 9.8-12.5)(264/23884) after, p=0.038. Birth before ALSO/ BLSO implementation was associated with stillbirth aoR 1.235 (95%CI 1.018-1.500).

Conclusions: This evaluation suggests ALSO and BLSO are sustainable, beneficial, EmOC trainings for adult education in protracted, post-conflict, resource-limited settings.
Shows of Joy and Malice
Authors: Mayne Emily
Published: June 2021

The spread of the plague in Norwich in July 1603 disrupted the city’s celebrations of the coronation of King James I, and precipitated a conflict between the city’s mayor, Thomas Lane, and the alderman Robert Gibson, which culminated in Gibson taking Lane to the Star Chamber. Drawing on previously unexamined legal and civic documents, this essay reconstructs both Norwich’s planned and actual coronation festivities and their role in the dispute in July, including its longer legal aftermath in court. The essay examines the meanings and functions participants attributed to the celebrations in Norwich, and to what extent they can be understood as performances, and, if so, of what.
Introduction: Rethinking Performance in Early Modern England
Authors: Mayne Emily
Published: June 2021

This Early Theatre ‘Issues in Review’ explores concepts of ‘performance’ in late medieval and early modern England. Responding to current work on drama, festivity and spectatorship, and to the ongoing editorial project Records of Early English Drama (REED), essays address questions such as: what constitutes performance in pre-modern contexts? where, and in what types of texts, can evidence of medieval and early modern performance be located? and what can rethinking ideas of performance and sources do for critical understanding of medieval and early modern culture and drama?

[Please note this Abstract and Title are for the whole 'Issues in Review'.]
Turning surviving into thriving
Authors: Crowe Carolyne
Published: June 2021

Are you coping, surviving or thriving at work? Are you aware of what makes a good day for you and what drains your energy? This article offers models to help you practically work through the elements of your day that you can influence to set yourself up for a good day regardless of the cases you see and the challenges you face.
Corneal ulcers part 1: aetiology and management of superficial corneal ulcers
Authors: Foote Amber Rose
Published: June 2021

Corneal ulceration is one of the most common ocular problems presented in first opinion practice. Ocular diseases in dogs can be distressing for both the patient and the owner, registered veterinary nurses can provide advice to distressed owners and ensure that patients are provided with evidence-based and holistic care. Part one of this two-part series discusses the aetiology and management of superficial corneal ulcers. The second part of this article will discuss deep corneal ulcers and will explore the role of registered veterinary nurses within ocular diseases.
Anaesthesia for head trauma patients
Authors: Bell Samantha Marie
Published: June 2021

There are many reasons anaesthetising a patient with head trauma may be required. These include for diagnostic imaging, surgery, or it may be required in severe cases to control the patient's ventilation. Many anaesthetic agents cause changes to the blood flow to the brain and therefore may cause further detriment to the patient. Thus, the veterinary nurse assisting the veterinary surgeon with these cases requires a thorough understanding of the physiology of head trauma and the effects of anaesthetic agents on cerebral blood flow, intracranial pressure and the cardiac and respiratory systems, as well as possible neuroprotective benefits that can be gained from the use of some agents.
Summer parasite update 2021
Authors: Stokes Laura , Wright Ian
Published: June 2021

Following a tumultuous 2020 which could not have been predicted, it was expected that 2021 would have returned to ‘normal’ by now. However, 2021 is still far from normal and we have the added complications of Brexit legislation now live in the UK. Drawing from information published in the ESCCAP UK & Ireland Parasite Forecasts and the ESCCAP UK & Ireland quarterly enquiry data, this article takes a look at how 2021 is progressing to date and identifies some of the similarities and differences compared with 2020.
Closing the loop: a 10-year experience with routine outcome measurements to improve treatment in hand surgery
Authors: Feitz Reinier , van Kooij Yara E. , ter Stege Marloes H. P. , van der Oest Mark J. W. , Souer J. Sebastiaan , Wouters Robbert M. , Slijper Harm P. , Selles Ruud W. , Hovius Steven E. R. ,   Hand–Wrist Study Group
Published: June 2021

Routine outcome measurements as a critical prerequisite of value-based healthcare have received considerable attention recently. There has been less attention for the last step in value-based healthcare where measurement of outcomes also leads to improvement in the quality of care. This is probably not without reason, since the last part of the learning cycle: ‘Closing the loop’, seems the hardest to implement. The journey from measuring outcomes to changing daily care can be troublesome. As early adopters of value-based healthcare, we would like to share our 10 years of experience in this journey. Examples of feedback loops are shown based on outcome measurements implemented to improve our daily care process as a focused hand surgery and hand therapy clinic. Feedback loops can be used to improve shared decision making, to monitor or predict treatment progression over time, for extreme value detection, improve journal clubs, and surgeon evaluation. Our goal as surgeons to improve treatment should not stop at the act of implementing routine outcome measurements. We should implement routine analysis and routine feedback loops, because real-time performance feedback can accelerate our learning cycle.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:439-450. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210012
Radiological assessment of lower limb alignment
Authors: Marques Luís Nuno , Varatojo Ricardo
Published: June 2021

The full-length standing radiograph in an anteroposterior projection is the primary tool for defining and measuring limb alignment with definition of the physiological axes and mechanical and anatomic angles of the lower limb. We define the deformities of the lower limb and the importance of correct surgical planning and execution. For patients with torsional malalignment of the lower limb, computerized tomography scan evaluation is the gold standard for preoperative assessment.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:487-494. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210015
Ankle and syndesmosis instability: consensus and controversies
Authors: Corte-Real Nuno , Caetano João
Published: June 2021

Ankle sprains are mainly benign lesions, but if not well addressed can evolve into permanent disability. A non-treated lateral, syndesmotic or medial ankle instability can evolve into ankle osteoarthritis. For this reason, diagnosis and treatment of these entities is of extreme importance. In general, acute instabilities undergo conservative treatment, while chronic instabilities are better addressed with surgical treatment. It is important to identify which acute instabilities are better treated with early surgical treatment. Syndesmosis injuries are frequently overlooked and represent a cause for persistent pain in ankle sprains. Unstable syndesmotic lesions are always managed by surgery. Non-treated deltoid ligament ruptures can evolve into a progressive valgus deformity of the hindfoot, due to its links with the spring ligament complex. This concept would give new importance to the diagnosis and treatment of acute medial ligament lesions. Multi-ligament lesions are usually unstable and are better treated with early surgery. A high suspicion rate is required, especially for combined syndesmotic and medial lesions or lateral and medial lesions. Ankle arthroscopy is a powerful tool for both diagnostic and treatment purposes. It is becoming mandatory in the management of ankle instabilities and multiple arthroscopic lateral/syndesmotic/medial repair techniques are emerging.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:420-431. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210017
Revision knee surgery: the practical approach
Authors: Salari Paolo , Baldini Andrea
Published: June 2021

Revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) is a challenging procedure with often unreproducible results. A step-by-step approach is fundamental to achieving good outcomes. Successful surgery requires a correct diagnosis of the original cause of failure. Only with an accurate and detailed plan can surgeons overcome difficulties presented in this scenario. Any bone loss should be prevented during prosthetic component removal. Efficient tools must be chosen to avoid time-consuming manoeuvres. Joint reconstruction based on a ‘dual-zone’ fixation is essential to provide a long-term survivorship of the implant. The use of relatively short fully cemented stems combined with a biological metaphyseal fixation is highly recommended by authors. Flexion and extension gaps are accurately balanced after the establishment of the tibial platform. Varus-valgus laxity is commonly managed with a condylar constrained prosthesis. If hinged implants are required, a stronger implant fixation is needed to counteract constraints forces.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:495-500. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210018
30 years of EFORT publications – where we stand today
Authors: Hoffmeyer Pierre J.
Published: June 2021

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:387-389. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.210950
Effects of Habitat Conversion on Ant Functional Groups: A Global Review
Authors: Santos Roberta de Jesus , Dodonov Pavel , Delabie Jacques Hubert C.
Published: June 2021

Conversion of natural to anthropogenic environments affects biodiversity, and the understanding of these impacts may be improved by assessing how different functional groups respond to such land conversion. We studied land conversion impacts on ant functional groups, as ants are ecologically important and respond well to various environmental changes. We hypothesized that conversion of natural to anthropogenic environments modifies the composition of functional groups, fostering generalist and opportunistic groups over specialist ones, with more responses of this type in tropical than in temperate regions. We recovered 412 papers from ISI Web of Science, of which we selected 17 studies, published between 1993 and 2018, that addressed our study’s question. We assessed whether each functional group responded positively or negatively to conversion of natural habitat into anthropogenic land uses and used Monte Carlo tests to assess significance. Ants were affected by natural habitat conversion into monoculture and polyculture and by the conversion of savannas and of tropical and subtropical forests. Land conversion affected six of the 13 functional groups assessed here. In the temperate zone, cryptic species, predators, subordinate Camponotini, cold-climate specialists and tropical-climate specialists were impaired, whereas hot-climate specialists were favored. In the tropics, land conversion negatively impacted fungus-growers and predators. In both climatic zones, several functional groups, mainly those with broad ecological niches, did not respond to land conversion. Our results corroborate that land conversion effects vary among ant functional groups and indicate that the ant fauna of temperate ecosystems may be more susceptible than that of tropical regions.
Optical transmittance of 3D printing materials
Authors: Hamp Shannon M. , Logan Riley D. , Shaw Joseph A.
Published: June 2021

The increasing prevalence of three-dimensional (3D) printing of optical housings and mounts necessitates a better understanding of the optical properties of printing materials. This paper describes a method for using multithickness samples of 3D printing materials to measure transmittance spectra at wavelengths from 400 to 2400 nm [visible to short-wave infrared (IR)]. In this method, 3D samples with material thicknesses of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm were positioned in front of a uniform light source with a spectrometer probe on the opposing side to measure the light transmittance. Transmission depended primarily on the thickness and color of the sample, and multiple scattering prevented the use of a simple exponential model to relate transmittance, extinction, and thickness. A Solidworks file and a 3D printer file are included with the paper to enable measurements of additional materials with the same method.
Silicon-nitride microring resonators for nonlinear optical and biosensing applications
Authors: Samudrala Sarath C. , Das Subrata , Lee Kyu J. , Abdallah Mohammad G. , Wenner Brett R. , Allen Jeffery W. , Allen Monica S. , Magnusson Robert , Vasilyev Michael
Published: June 2021

We discuss the design, fabrication, and characterization of silicon-nitride microring resonators for nonlinear-photonic and biosensing device applications. The first part presents new theoretical and experimental results that overcome highly normal dispersion of silicon-nitride microresonators by adding a dispersive coupler. The latter parts review our work on highly efficient second-order nonlinear interaction in a hybrid silicon-nitride slot waveguide with nonlinear polymer cladding and silicon-nitride microring application as a biosensor for human stress indicator neuropeptide Y at the nanomolar level.
Complex network analysis of the thermal lens signal: a Markov model approach
Authors: Sankararaman S.
Published: June 2021

The paper reports a novel, to the best of my knowledge, complex network-based Markov model approach to analyze the thermal lens (TL) signal. The complex network is constructed by segmenting the experimental and fitted TL signals into three regions. Here, a new parameter, degree of fluctuation, is introduced to analyze the Markov transition probability matrix (M) and the increase of system enthalpy leading to increased Brownian motion. The spread of data about the diagonal elements of M distinguishes the experimental and fitted data and appears as an increased number of edges in the complex network. Thus, the system’s network displays the transient heat flow giving information about the Brownian motion in the medium.
Stokes polarization imaging applied for monitoring dynamic tissue optical clearing
Authors: Song Jiawei , Zeng Nan , Guo Wei , Guo Jun , Ma Hui
Published: June 2021

We propose a continuous Stokes imaging system with a refresh rate of several seconds, instead of a traditional Mueller measurement setup, to quickly track the microstructural changes of tissues during the optical clearing process. The effectiveness of this fast Stokes imaging applied in monitoring the dynamic process is first validated by three designed experiments with a polarization state that changes continuously and rapidly, and is further confirmed by gradual changes in polarization image contrast and resolution with clearing. By comparison with experiments from different tissue samples with the same agent, the fast Stokes response curve can improve the analysis ability of photon polarization behavior connected with the complicated changes of tissue characteristics.
Antiderivative of gradient data by spline model integration
Authors: Badar Irfan , Yang Liangxin , Hellmann Christian , Wyrowski Frank
Published: June 2021

Numerous optical techniques describe the local slope of the functions at their discrete positions but do not report the actual functions. However, many applications require the description of the functions, which must be retrieved from the gradients by an integration process. This study shows a spline model function-based integration technique that can construct original functions from irregularly measured gradient data over general shape domains with high accuracy and speed.
Broadband meta-converters for multiple Laguerre-Gaussian modes
Authors: Mao Huade , Ren Yu-Xuan , Yu Yue , Yu Zejie , Sun Xiankai , Zhang Shuang , Wong Kenneth K. Y.
Published: June 2021

Metasurface provides miniaturized devices for integrated optics. Here, we design and realize a meta-converter to transform a plane-wave beam into multiple Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes of different orders at various diffraction angles. The metasurface is fabricated with Au nano-antennas, which vary in length and orientation angle for modulation of both the phase and the amplitude of a scattered wave, on a silica substrate. Our error analysis suggests that the metasurface design is robust over a 400 nm wavelength range. This work presents the manipulation of LG beams through controlling both radial and azimuthal orders, which paves the way in expanding the communication channels by one more dimension (i.e., radial order) and demultiplexing different modes.
Giant chiro-optical responses in multipolar-resonances-based single-layer dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Khaliq Hafiz Saad , Kim Inki , Zahid Aima , Kim Joohoon , Lee Taejun , Badloe Trevon , Kim Yeseul , Zubair Muhammad , Riaz Kashif , Mehmood Muhammad Qasim , Rho Junsuk
Published: June 2021

Chiro-optical effects offer a wide range of potential applications in nanophotonics, such as advanced imaging and molecular sensing and separation. Flat single-layer metasurfaces composed of subwavelength meta-atoms have gained significant attention due to their exceptional characteristics in light–matter interactions. Although metasurface-based devices have manipulated electromagnetic waves, the compact on-chip realization of giant chiro-optical effects remains a challenge at optical frequencies. In this work, we experimentally and numerically demonstrate an all-dielectric metasurface to realize large chiro-optical effects in the visible regime. Notably, the proposed strategy of utilizing achiral nanofins instead of conventional chiral structures provides an extra degree of design freedom. The mutual coupling between carefully engineered nanofins produces constructive and destructive interference, leading to the asymmetric transmission of 70% and average circular dichroism exceeding 60%. We investigate the underlying mechanism behind the chiro-optical effects using the theory of multipolar decomposition. The proposed design mechanism maximizes the chiro-optical response through a single-layer metasurface with potential applications in high-efficiency integrated ultrathin polarization rotators and shapers, chiral polarizers for optical displays, chiral beam splitters, and chiral sensors.
On-chip ultrafast pulse generation based on graphene-silicon hybrid waveguides
Authors: Deng Meng , Liao Zichun , Chen Yankai , Yang Ningning , Yan Xu , Zhang Chi , Dai Nengli , Wang Yi
Published: June 2021

On-chip ultrafast mode-locking lasers are basic building blocks for the realization of a chip-based optical frequency comb. In this paper, an ultrafast saturable absorber made up of a graphene pad on top of a silicon waveguide is applied to implement an ultrafast pulse laser. Benefiting from the small mode area of the graphene/silicon hybrid waveguide, the saturable pulse energy is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with the fiber. A mode-locked pulse with a duration of 542 fs and a repetition rate of 54.37 MHz is realized. Pump–probe measurement shows that the carrier relaxation process of free carrier recombination with atomic-thin graphene/silicon junctions is three orders of magnitude faster than silicon, which plays a fundamental role in pulse narrowing. The chip-scale silicon ultrafast laser lays a foundation for a new class of nonlinear devices, in which a combination with multiple functional silicon photonic circuits enables efficient nonlinear interaction at the micrometer scale and less than 1 W of power consumption.
Lasing-enhanced surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Nest Leona , Wang Suo , Wang Si-Yi , Ma Ren-Min
Published: June 2021

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are a prominent means to detect biological and chemical analytes and to investigate biomolecular interactions in various fields. However, the performance of SPR sensors is ultimately limited by ohmic loss, which substantially weakens the resonance signal and broadens the response linewidth. Recent studies have shown that ohmic loss can be fully compensated in plasmonic nanolasers, which leads to a novel class of lasing-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (LESPR) sensors with improved sensing performance. In this paper, we detail the underlying physical mechanisms of LESPR sensors and present their implementation in various sensing devices. We review recent progress on their applications, particularly for refractive index sensing, gas detection and biological imaging, labeling, tracking, and diagnosis. We then summarize the review and highlight remaining challenges of LESPR sensing technology.
Prediction of essential binding domains for the endocannabinoid N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) in the brain cannabinoid CB1 receptor
Authors: Shim Joong-Youn
Published: June 2021

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the main active ingredient of Cannabis sativa (marijuana), interacts with the human brain cannabinoid (CB1) receptor and mimics pharmacological effects of endocannabinoids (eCBs) like N-arachidonylethanolamide (AEA). Due to its flexible nature of AEA structure with more than 15 rotatable bonds, establishing its binding mode to the CB1 receptor is elusive. The aim of the present study was to explore possible binding conformations of AEA within the binding pocket of the CB1 receptor confirmed in the recently available X-ray crystal structures of the CB1 receptor and predict essential AEA binding domains. We performed long time molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of plausible AEA docking poses until its receptor binding interactions became optimally established. Our simulation results revealed that AEA favors to bind to the hydrophobic channel (HC) of the CB1 receptor, suggesting that HC holds essential significance in AEA binding to the CB1 receptor. Our results also suggest that the Helix 2 (H2)/H3 region of the CB1 receptor is an AEA binding subsite privileged over the H7 region.
Metaplot: A new Stata module for assessing heterogeneity in a meta-analysis
Authors: Poorolajal Jalal , Noornejad Shahla
Published: June 2021

Background

The proposed sequential and combinatorial algorithm, suggested as a standard tool for assessing, exploring, and reporting heterogeneity in the meta-analysis, is useful but time-consuming particularly when the number of included studies is large. Metaplot is a novel graphical approach that facilitates performing sensitivity analysis to distinguish the source of substantial heterogeneity across studies with ease and speed.

Method

Metaplot is a Stata module based on Stata’s commands, known informally as "ado". Metaplot presents a two-way (x, y) plot in which the x-axis represents the study codes and the y-axis represents the values of I2 statistics excluding one study at a time (n-1 studies). Metaplot also produces a table in the ’Results window’ of the Stata software including details such as I2 and χ2 statistics and their P-values omitting one study in each turn.

Results

Metaplot allows rapid identification of studies that have a disproportionate impact on heterogeneity across studies, and communicates to what extent omission of that study may reduce the overall heterogeneity based on the I2 and χ2 statistics. Metaplot has no limitations regarding the number of studies or types of outcome data (binomial or continuous data).

Conclusions

Metaplot is a simple graphical approach that gives a quick and easy identification of the studies having substantial influences on overall heterogeneity at a glance.
Többszintű, teljes költség allokációs modell a közlekedésben
Authors: Bokor Zoltán
Published: June 2021

A közlekedési költségeket számos kutatás elemzi mind makro-, mind mikroszinten. A közlekedési vállalatokon belüli részletes, transzparens módszertannal alátámasztott költségelemzés azonban alig található a szakirodalomban. A cikk célja a többszintű, teljes költségallokációs módszer gyakorlati adaptálásához szükséges modellezési háttér kidolgozása és az alkalmazás demonstrálása közlekedési példa kalkuláción keresztül. Az így korszerűsített költségszámítási rendszer tevékenyen hozzájárulhat a közlekedési – és az egyéb szolgáltató – vállalatok gazdálkodásának megbízhatóbbá, tervezhetőbbé és elemezhetőbbé tételéhez. A modell implementálása azonban adminisztrációs erőforrástöbblettel járhat, így bevezetése elsősorban az olyan vállalatoknál indokolt, amelyek működése egzakt kalkulációt igénylő, jelentős közvetett költséghányaddal jellemezhető.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISOMETRIC STRENGTH OF SIX LOWER LIMB MUSCLE GROUPS AND MOTOR SKILLS AMONG NURSING HOME RESIDENTS
Authors: BUCKINX F. , CROISIER J.L. , REGINSTER J.Y. , PETERMANS J. , GOFFART E. , BRUYÈRE O.
Published: June 2021

This research aimed to assess the correlation between isometric muscle strength of the lower limb and motor skills. This is a cross sectional study performed among volunteer nursing home residents included in the SENIOR (Sample of Elderly Nursing home Individuals: an Observational Research) cohort. The present analysis focused on isometric muscle strength of 6 lower limb muscle groups (i.e. knee extensors, knee flexors, hip abductors, hip extensors, ankle flexors and ankle extensors), assessed using a validated hand-held dynamometer (i.e. the MicroFET2 device), and motor skills evaluated using the Tinetti test, the Timed Up and Go test, the Short Physical Performance Battery test (SPPB) and the walking speed. The relationship between all these parameters was tested by means of a multiple correlation, adjusted on age, sex and body mass index. 450 nursing home residents (69.8% of women) with a mean age of 83.1±9.4 years were included in this study. Our results showed a significant inverse correlation between lower limb muscle strength and the time required to perform the TUG test or gait speed, except for ankle flexors and ankle extensors. The relationship between the Tinetti test or the SPPB score, and lower limb muscle strength was significant, except for ankle flexors and ankle extensors. In conclusion, a positive association between lower limb muscle strength of the four main muscle groups and motor skills of the elderly nursing residents was found in this research. Therefore, special attention should be given to these muscle groups during rehabilitation programs.
OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A CLINICAL POPULATION VULNERABLE TO FRAILTY?
Authors: COYLE P.C. , SIONS J.M. , VELASCO T. , HICKS G.E.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this secondary analysis was to explore the differences in proportions of frailty criteria, pre-frailty, and frailty in older adults with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP). Among individuals with CLBP, we also explored whether the proportions of these outcomes differed based on pain intensity status. Using measures to determine weakness, slowness, and exhaustion, we determined that older adults with CLBP had higher proportions of frailty criteria and were more likely to be classified as pre-frail or frail. Older adults with high intensity CLBP had greater proportions of weakness, exhaustion, and pre-frailty/frailty compared to those with low intensity CLBP. These preliminary findings suggest older adults with CLBP may be at a higher risk for frailty than those without pain; pain intensity may be an important factor in assessing risk of frailty in this population.
Lima Barreto entre “a parceria do elogio mútuo” e a crítica literária: história e literatura no Brasil da Primeira República
Authors: Botelho Denilson
Published: June 2021

O artigo apresenta resultados de pesquisa sobre os usos que o escritor Lima Barreto fazia das suas leituras ao longo de sua trajetória no Rio de Janeiro do início do século XX. A partir do inventário dos livros de sua biblioteca e dos comentários sobre o que ele lia, analiso o modo como desenvolveu sua atividade de crítico literário, conferindo sentido e significados à literatura e à própria crítica, inclusive através do debate. Para isso, examino alguns textos publicados na imprensa carioca do período, correspondências e os pró- prios livros que foram objeto de crítica. Percebe-se que o escritor oscila entre o peso das relações pessoais e a busca de procedimentos capazes de pautar o exercício cotidiano dessa atividade, na qual sobressaem, em linhas gerais, suas preocupações com os aspectos históricos, sociais e políticos envolvidos na produção literária.
O canto de Ulisses: as (im)possibilidades da narrativa em Primo Levi
Authors: Vinicius do Amaral Felipe Cleber
Published: June 2021

Ulisses, herói multifacetado, astuto e industrioso, confrontou figuras mitológicas como herói épico (Odisseia), narrou sua própria morte na condição de alma danada (Divina comédia) e foi transformado em expediente literário nos escritos de Primo Levi, que o empregou para figurar experiências dramáticas ocorridas nos campos de concentração. Pretende-se aqui investigar o lugar ocupado por Ulisses e, simultaneamente, o papel desempenhado pela cultura nos escritos de Levi. Retomar, analisar e propagar narrativas compromissadas com eventos que, frequentemente, são objeto do negacionismo histórico, como é o caso da Shoah, pode nos ajudar a perceber as potencialidades da literatura (de testemunho ou não) e a necessidade de usá-la em favor não apenas da produ- ção de conhecimento, mas também de efeitos persuasórios, na medida em que convida o leitor a refletir sobre prerrogativas do seu presente.
A escrita como experiência de luta e resistência: Maria Archer
Authors: Santos de Matos Maria Izilda
Published: June 2021

Este artigo focaliza o protagonismo feminino nas ações e lutas de oposição ao salazarismo, destacando a trajetória e obra de Maria Archer. Para tanto, recupera o contexto, trajetória de vida e produção de Archer em Portugal, em particular as ações de censura às suas obras; na sequência, analisa a atuação e obras produzidas nos anos de exílio em São Paulo (1955-1979). A pesquisa realizada valorizou uma diversidade de fontes e referências: a documenta- ção da Pide (Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado), o acervo da Torre do Tombo e da Fundação Mário Soares (em Portugal), do Deops/SP (Departamento Estadual de Ordem Política e Social), textos literários, cartas, fotografias, entrevistas, crônicas, imprensa, priorizando os escritos de Maria Archer no exílio.
Narrar o Alzheimer brasileiro: o alerta de Bernardo Kucinski no romance K.
Authors: Frederico Graziele
Published: June 2021

No romance K. (2011), Bernardo Kucinski nomeia a ausência de políticas de memória coletiva sobre a ditadura militar brasileira como o “mal de Alzheimer nacional”. As cartas que continuavam a chegar para a irmã/filha após anos de seu desaparecimento eram a materialidade desse corponação doente. Este artigo procura diagnosticar os sintomas e o combate à “doença”, com base na experiência do protagonista na busca pela filha. Quais os alertas e quais as propostas de terapias possíveis apresentadas pela obra? Qual futuro pode ser lido a partir dessas memórias não compartilhadas?
Sherlock e o palácio da memória
Authors: De Moura Delfim Maciel Ana Carolina
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo é analisado o sistema mnemônico, recentemente adaptado para a série da BBC Sherlock, sugestivamente referido como um “palácio da mente” ou “palácio da memória”. Trata-se de uma espécie de exercício psíquico que permite a Holmes “revisitar" o seu passado. Nesse espaço mental, o protagonista consulta “arquivos” de dados (textos e imagens) que estão armazenados em sua mente em detalhes. Esse “poder” o leva a memorizar, relembrar e visualizar tudo. A técnica milenar do poeta grego Simônides de Ceos é aqui comparada com a virtualidade do processo de armazenamento nos “palácios virtuais” da atualidade, como a própria concep- ção de arquivo como forma de preservar e recriar a ideia de passado.
Cintura Fina: da correnteza ao remanso
Authors: Ferreira de Souza Márcio
Published: June 2021

José Arimateia Carvalho da Silva, que futuramente viria a ser conhecida como Cintura Fina, nasceu em Fortaleza em 1933. Décadas de sua trajetó- ria, entre o período em que já estava vivendo em Belo Horizonte (1953) até o ano de sua morte (1995), em Uberaba, emergem como recorte temporal do livro Enverga, mas não quebra: Cintura Fina em Belo Horizonte. Seu autor, Luiz Morando, doutor em Literatura Comparada pela UFMG, leva adiante um percurso de pesquisa, iniciado em 2002, sobre a memória LGBTQI+ em Belo Horizonte. Em Paraíso das maravilhas: uma história do crime do parque1, dedicou-se à pesquisa sobre o assassinato de um homossexual, ocorrido em 1946, na capital mineira, no Parque Municipal Américo René Gianetti, denominado à época, por seus frequentadores homossexuais, “Paraíso das maravilhas”. Os desdobramentos desse episódio foram investigados por Morando de maneira que, para além de uma mera narrativa sobre um crime de “natureza homoeró- tica”, resultou em um estudo mais amplo e profundo sobre “uma possível compreensão de formas de sociabilidade e de representação social homoerótica em Belo Horizonte nas décadas de 40 e 50 do século XX”.
Meandros da contracultura no Brasil anos 70
Authors: Castro Diniz Sheyla
Published: June 2021

Celso Favaretto vem lançando luz sobre a experiência contracultural brasileira desde a década de 1970. Um dos pioneiros no assunto, em 1979 publicou o incontornável Tropicália: alegoria alegria1 e seguiu desenvolvendo pesquisas em torno de figuras de proa como Hélio Oiticica2, dentre outras personalidades e debates acerca da arte e da cultura contemporâneas ao tropicalismo e ao chamado pós-tropicalismo. Exemplos a esse respeito são as reflexões tecidas em sua livre-docência3 e, antes disso, na primeira metade dos anos 1980 – quando no Brasil se ansiava pela abertura política e uma parcela dos intelectuais se concentrava em problemáticas consideradas mais urgentes –, o rico material sobre contracultura e cultura marginal e o dossiê vanguarda e pós-modernismo, respectivamente organizados nos números 5 e 7 de Arte em Revista4, periódico do Centro de Estudos de Arte Contemporânea (Ceac) da Universidade de São Paulo, do qual Favaretto era coordenador junto a Otília Arantes e Iná Camargo Costa.
Territórios de Trânsito
Authors: Nascimento Rosânia Oliveira do
Published: June 2021

O presente livro trata-se da versão atualizada da tese de doutorado defendida em 2012 pelo geógrafo Marcos Leandro Mondardo no âmbito do Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (PosGeo).
[Review] Peter Godfrey-Smith. Metazoa: Animal Life and the Birth of the Mind. New York: Farar, Straus and Giroux, 2020. 336 pp.
Authors: Herman David
Published: June 2021

Animal Studies Journal 2021 10(1): [Review] Peter Godfrey-Smith. Metazoa: Animal Life and the Birth of the Mind. New York: Farar, Straus and Giroux, 2020. 336 pp.
Returning to 'The Good Life'? Chickens and Chicken-keeping during Covid-19 in Britain
Authors: Oliver Catherine
Published: June 2021

Through the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdowns, humans have been exposed to the threat that the exploitation and eating of animals poses to humanity and public health. It has also become obvious that animals want to and are willing to take up more space. In the relative absence of humans during lockdown, animal populations have spread out and some have entered cities and towns for the first time. At the same time, humans have chosen to bring animals into their domestic spaces in the form of companion animals in staggering numbers. The lockdown’s slowing of time has opened the possibility to cultivate our domestic space as habitable for other species. In this paper, I explore an emerging animal-human space and dwelling in the surge of interest in and process of re-homing chickens, the motivations underpinning this growth, and I trouble these ostensibly benevolent relationships. In the final part of this paper, I connect and contrast chicken re-homing with the ‘frontlines’ of intimate animal-human risky relationships of Covid-19 in the slaughterhouse. This paper thus argues that backyard rehoming of chickens has not lowered the labour demands on them and conversely, during Covid-19, the picking up of chicken-keeping as a response to human lockdown is not a subversion but an extension of the expectation of chicken labour.
Dynamical study of Lyapunov exponents for Hide’s coupled dynamo model
Authors: Alresheedi Teflah , Allahem Ali
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduced the Lyapunov exponents (LEs) as a significant tool that is used to study the numerical solution behavior of the dynamical systems. Moreover, Hide’s coupled dynamo model presents a valuable dynamical study. We simulate the convergence of the LEs of the model in three cases by means of periodic flow, regular flow, and chaos flow. In addition, we compared these cases in logic connections and proved them in a mathematical way.
Association between anthropometric measures and insulin resistance in Brazilian adolescents: data from the national study of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents – ERICA
Authors: Pazin Daiane Cristina , da Matta Sandro Silva , Faria-Neto José Rocha , Bloch Katia Vergetti
Published: June 2021

Objectives

To evaluate anthropometric measures (AM) and insulin resistance (IR) association in adolescents aged 12–17 years and investigates how body mass index (BMI) interrelates with specific indicators of fat distribution in this association.

Methods

This analysis is from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a national, cross-sectional study. AM was categorized by quartiles, and their means and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. The prevalence of IR was estimated for each AM according to the quartiles. The associations between AM and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were analyzed using Poisson models.

Results

37,892 adolescents were included. IR prevalence tended to increase as quartiles increased for each AM. The association of BMI with IR persisted with the adjustment for others AM. The greatest reduction in the association’s strength was achieved with the adjustment by the waist circumference (WC) and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Most other AM were also associated with IR.

Conclusion

AM has a positive association with the prevalence of IR, and the joint effect of BMI and central adiposity measures should be considered in cardiometabolic risk evaluation in adolescents.
Virtual Archaeology of Death and Burial: A Procedure for Integrating 3D Visualization and Analysis in Archaeothanatology
Authors: Mickleburgh Hayley L. , Stutz Liv Nilsson , Fokkens Harry
Published: June 2021

The reconstruction of past mortuary rituals and practices increasingly incorporates analysis of the taphonomic history of the grave and buried body, using the framework provided by archaeothanatology. Archaeothanatological analysis relies on interpretation of the three-dimensional (3D) relationship of bones within the grave and traditionally depends on elaborate written descriptions and two-dimensional (2D) images of the remains during excavation to capture this spatial information. With the rapid development of inexpensive 3D tools, digital replicas (3D models) are now commonly available to preserve 3D information on human burials during excavation. A procedure developed using a test case to enhance archaeothanatological analysis and improve post-excavation analysis of human burials is described. Beyond preservation of static spatial information, 3D visualization techniques can be used in archaeothanatology to reconstruct the spatial displacement of bones over time, from deposition of the body to excavation of the skeletonized remains. The purpose of the procedure is to produce 3D simulations to visualize and test archaeothanatological hypotheses, thereby augmenting traditional archaeothanatological analysis. We illustrate our approach with the reconstruction of mortuary practices and burial taphonomy of a Bell Beaker burial from the site of Oostwoud-Tuithoorn, West-Frisia, the Netherlands. This case study was selected as the test case because of its relatively complete context information. The test case shows the potential for application of the procedure to older 2D field documentation, even when the amount and detail of documentation is less than ideal.
Spiropyran dyes
Authors: Towns Andrew
Published: June 2021

This article furnishes an introduction to one of the most well-known classes of photochromic colorant. While the properties of spiropyran dyes inspired pioneering efforts to exploit photochromism for industrial applications, their lack of robustness held them back from commercialization. Nevertheless, this type of dye remains at the heart of much of the work to develop light-responsive materials upon which many potential applications in different fields of scientific and technological endeavor depend. The article describes the photochromism, synthesis, and applications of spiropyran colorants with an emphasis on the structural subtype that has attracted the greatest scrutiny. It also acts as a springboard to sources of more detail on these aspects.
Assessing the Potential for Pyroconvection and Wildfire Blow Ups
Authors: Leach Ryan N. , Gibson Chris V.
Published: June 2021

Fire meteorologists have few tools for assessing atmospheric stability in the context of wildfires. Most tools at our disposal were developed for assessing thunderstorms and general convection, and so they ignore heat and moisture supplied by the wildfire. We propose a simple parcel-based model that can be used to assess how the atmosphere will affect a growing wildfire plume by also taking into account the heat and moisture released from the fire. From this model, we can infer trends in day to day atmospheric stability as it relates to fire plumes. We can also infer how significant the appearance of a pyrocumulus cloud on the top of a fire column is. In some cases, the appearance of a pyrocumulus indicates that the fire is near if not already blowing up, whereas in other cases environmental conditions remain too stable to have a significant effect. A qualitative application of the model is demonstrated through application to a 2017 wildfire case in Western Montana.
Effects of Bearing Steps on Probable Wear Damage of Main Bearings of an IC Engine
Authors: Karimaei H. , Chamani H. R.
Published: June 2021

When two bearing shells are assembled in the bearing housing, it is possible that the edges of the two shells do not fit in the radial direction completely and have an offset relative to each other. This assembly error, which can have different causes, is called the bearing step in this paper. The bearing step can lead to wear damage in bearings. The effects of bearing step on the lubrication performance of main bearings and the probable wear damage have been investigated. To calculate the bearing lubrication characteristics such as maximum oil film pressure and minimum oil film thickness, elasto-hydrodynamic model, which includes the mass conservation algorithm, has been applied. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of bearing steps on the lubrication performance of the main bearings and assess the probable wear damage of main bearings due to bearing step. The prediction of elasto-hydrodynamic model is very proximate to what really happened. The results show that for the under-study 12-cyl engine, main bearing No. 2 involved with medium wear damage. Wear damage in this main bearing No. 3 is not a concern, while main bearing No.4, 5 and 6 do not predict the probability of wear damage. For main bearing No.7, it is concluded that considering step and bore relief in simulation has high importance so that the solution without step and bore relief does not predict the wear, but with step and bore relief predicts medium wear damage.