bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Sensing, Communication, and Control in Perishable Food Supply Chain
Authors: Pal Amitangshu , Kant Krishna
Published: January 2020

Transportation and distribution (T8D) of fresh food products is a substantial and increasing part of the economic activities throughout the world. Unfortunately, fresh food T8D not only suffers from significant spoilage and waste, but also from dismal efficiency due to tight transit timing constraints between the availability of harvested food until its delivery to the retailer. Fresh food is also easily contaminated, and together with deteriorated fresh food is responsible for much of food-borne illnesses.

The logistics operations are undergoing rapid transformation on multiple fronts, including infusion of information technology in the logistics operations, automation in the physical product handling, standardization of labeling, addressing and packaging, and shared logistics operations under 3rd party logistics (3PL) and related models. In this article, we discuss how these developments can be exploited to turn fresh food logistics into an intelligent cyberphysical system driven by online monitoring and associated operational control to enhance food freshness and safety, reduce food waste, and increase T8D efficiency. Some of the issues discussed in this context are fresh food quality deterioration processes, food quality/contamination sensing technologies, communication technologies for transmitting sensed data through the challenging fresh food media, intelligent management of the T8D pipeline, and various other operational issues. The purpose of this article is to stimulate further research in this important emerging area that lies at the intersection of computing and logistics.
ICER 2020 conference preview
Authors: Moskal Adon , Robins Anothony , McCauley Renee , Ko Amy J.
Published: January 2020

You are warmly invited to the sixteenth annual ACM International Computing Education Research (ICER) conference, which will be held in Dunedin, New Zealand, 10-12 August 2020.

ICER is a well-regarded forum for presenting and publishing high-quality research in computing education. With its traditional single-track format, and round-table discussions, ICER affords a convivial and supportive environment for established and emerging researchers alike.
The CS-Ed podcast
Authors: Stephens-Martinez Kristin
Published: January 2020

The CS-Ed podcast is a new podcast featuring 6 episodes hosted by Kristin Stephens-Martinez from Duke University. Each episode is a conversation with a computer science educator talking about teaching and managing their classrooms. This project is funded in part by a SIGCSE special project grant!
Member spotlight
Authors: Davis Karen
Published: January 2020

In this feature of the Bulletin, we highlight members of the SIGCSE community. In this issue, Bulletin co-editor Karen Davis interviewed Alison Clear.
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Ale and Lager Yeasts for Improved Brewing Efficiency and Beer Quality
Authors: Gibson B. , Dahabieh M. , Krogerus K. , Jouhten P. , Magalhães F. , Pereira R. , Siewers V. , Vidgren V.
Published: January 2020

Yeasts directly impact the efficiency of brewery fermentations as well as the character of the beers produced. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in yeast selection and development inspired by the demand to utilize resources more efficiently and the need to differentiate beers in a competitive market. Reviewed here are the different, non-genetically modified (GM) approaches that have been considered, including bioprospecting, hybridization, and adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE). Particular emphasis is placed on the latter, which represents an extension of the processes that have led to the domestication of strains already used in commercial breweries. ALE can be used to accentuate the positive traits of brewing yeast as well as temper some of the traits that are less desirable from a modern brewer's perspective. This method has the added advantage of being non-GM and therefore suitable for food and beverage production.
A Method to Measure the Swelling of Water-Soluble PVDF Binder System and Its Electrochemical Performance for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Toigo Christina , Singh Madhav , Gmeiner Benjamin , Biso Maurizio , Pettinger Karl-Heinz
Published: January 2020

Water-soluble CMC/PVDF binder systems were used to prepare graphite anodes and compared mechanically and electrochemically with CMC/SBR binder systems. The effect of crystallinity of PVDF binder on the mechanical and electrochemical performance of the anodes is studied. A contact free method easy to operate and equipped with high accuracy was developed by using capacitance measurement. The swelling of graphite electrodes was controlled and showed different results for different binder crystallinities (no swelling of binder with high crystallinity vs 12% for medium crystallinity and 17% for low crystallinity binder). The discharge capacity depends on the crystallinity of the binders and half-cells delivered a capacity in the range of 230–360 mAh g−1. The binder with medium crystallinity in particular exhibited the best mechanical and electrochemical performance and showed an excellent C-rate stability with specific capacities up to 10 C. Full cell tests showed good cycling stability over 180 cycles. The water-based PVDF binders seem to be a promising alternative to solvent-based binders.
Primary Osteosarcoma of the Breast in a Patient Treated Previously for Invasive Ductal Carcinoma: An Unusual Presentation of a Very Rare Primary Breast Malignancy
Authors: Milne David Malcolm , Sookar Navin , Umakanthan Srikanth , Rampersad Fidel , Olivier Lyronne , Ali Jameel
Published: January 2020

Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the breast is a rare clinical entity with few cases described in the literature. Unfortunately, the prognosis for these patients is poor when compared to invasive carcinomas of the breast. We report a case of a 58-year-old female who developed a primary osteogenic sarcoma of the breast five years after being treated for invasive carcinoma of the ipsilateral breast without the use of radiotherapy.
Global Attractivity for Lasota–Wazewska-Type System with Patch Structure and Multiple Time-Varying Delays
Authors: Long Zhiwen , Tan Yanxiang
Published: January 2020

This paper aims to study the asymptotic behavior of Lasota–Wazewska-type system with patch structure and multiple time-varying delays. Based on the fluctuation lemma and some differential inequality techniques, we prove that the positive equilibrium is a global attractor of the addressed system with small time delay. Finally, we provide an example to illustrate the feasibility of the theoretical results.
Implanted β-Tricalcium Phosphate Blocks Can Function as a Placeholder in Recurrent Giant Cell Tumor of Bone
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Okamoto Takeshi , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: January 2020

The giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive tumor. Reconstruction methods using β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) blocks with strong compression resistance in and around the knee joint for GCTB have been reported. Among six cases of GCTB treated using this method, two recurrent cases revealed osteolysis, predominantly within the β-TCP block based on plain radiographs or computed tomography, while remodeled host bones were preserved. Implanted β-TCP blocks can function as a placeholder to preserve host bone in recurrent cases, leading to a higher probability of joint preservation.
A Dendritic Neuron Model with Adaptive Synapses Trained by Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhe , Gao Shangce , Wang Jiaxin , Yang Haichuan , Todo Yuki
Published: January 2020

A dendritic neuron model with adaptive synapses (DMASs) based on differential evolution (DE) algorithm training is proposed. According to the signal transmission order, a DNM can be divided into four parts: the synaptic layer, dendritic layer, membrane layer, and somatic cell layer. It can be converted to a logic circuit that is easily implemented on hardware by removing useless synapses and dendrites after training. This logic circuit can be designed to solve complex nonlinear problems using only four basic logical devices: comparators, AND (conjunction), OR (disjunction), and NOT (negation). To obtain a faster and better solution, we adopt the most popular DE for DMAS training. We have chosen five classification datasets from the UCI Machine Learning Repository for an experiment. We analyze and discuss the experimental results in terms of the correct rate, convergence rate, ROC curve, and the cross-validation and then compare the results with a dendritic neuron model trained by the backpropagation algorithm (BP-DNM) and a neural network trained by the backpropagation algorithm (BPNN). The analysis results show that the DE-DMAS shows better performance in all aspects.
Malware Detection in Self-Driving Vehicles Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Park Seunghyun , Choi Jin-Young
Published: January 2020

The recent trend for vehicles to be connected to unspecified devices, vehicles, and infrastructure increases the potential for external threats to vehicle cybersecurity. Thus, intrusion detection is a key network security function in vehicles with open connectivity, such as self-driving and connected cars. Specifically, when a vehicle is connected to an external device through a smartphone inside the vehicle or when a vehicle communicates with external infrastructure, security technology is required to protect the software network inside the vehicle. Existing technology with this function includes vehicle gateways and intrusion detection systems. However, it is difficult to block malicious code based on application behaviors. In this study, we propose a machine learning-based data analysis method to accurately detect abnormal behaviors due to malware in large-scale network traffic in real time. First, we define a detection architecture, which is required by the intrusion detection module to detect and block malware attempting to affect the vehicle via a smartphone. Then, we propose an efficient algorithm for detecting malicious behaviors in a network environment and conduct experiments to verify algorithm accuracy and cost through comparisons with other algorithms.
Boundary Effect on Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions to the p-System with Time-Dependent Damping
Authors: Duan Ran , Jiang Mina , Zhang Yinghui
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we consider the asymptotic behavior of solutions to the p-system with time-dependent damping on the half-line R+=0,+∞, vt−ux=0,ut+pvx=−α/1+tλu with the Dirichlet boundary condition ux=0=0, in particular, including the constant and nonconstant coefficient damping. The initial data v0,u0x have the constant state v+,u+ at x=+∞. We prove that the solutions time-asymptotically converge to v+,0 as t tends to infinity. Compared with previous results about the p-system with constant coefficient damping, we obtain a general result when the initial perturbation belongs to H3R+×H2R+. Our proof is based on the time-weighted energy method.
Theoretical Aspect of Diagonal Bregman Proximal Methods
Authors: Kabbadj S.
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we propose and study a diagonal inexact version of Bregman proximal methods, to solve convex optimization problems with and without constraints. The proposed method forms a unified framework for existing algorithms by providing others.
Treatment Adherence in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients from Argentina: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Lasa Juan , Correa Gustavo , Fuxman Claudia , Garbi Laura , Linares Maria Eugenia , Lubrano Pablo , Rausch Astrid , Toro Martin , Yantorno Martin , Zubiaurre Ignacio , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent , Olivera Pablo
Published: January 2020

Background and Aim. Treatment adherence is a frequent problem in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). No study has assessed adherence in Argentinian patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to determine inadequate adherence to oral and parenteral therapies in patients with IBD from Argentina and to identify factors associated with it. Methods. A multicenter cross-sectional study involving seven referral centers from three cities of Argentina was undertaken. Patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD), or indeterminate colitis (IBDU/IC) were invited to answer an anonymous survey, which included a 5-point Likert scale to evaluate adherence to therapies. Independent variables associated with inadequate adherence were evaluated. Results. Overall, 447 UC/IBDU and 135 CD patients were enrolled. Median age was 37 years (range 21-72); 39.8% were male; median time from diagnosis was 6 years (0.5-35). 91.4% were under treatment with at least one oral medication; 50.3% of patients reported inadequate adherence to oral medications. Patients with UC/IBDU had a lower risk of inadequate adherence when compared to patients with CD (OR 0.57 (0.37-0.87)). 21.8% reported inadequate adherence to biologics; subcutaneous administration was significantly associated with inadequate adherence to biologics (OR 4.8 (1.57-14.66)). Conclusion. Inadequate treatment adherence is common among patients with IBD, and potentially modifiable factors were identified.
Physical Fitness with Regular Lifestyle Is Positively Related to Academic Performance among Chinese Medical and Dental Students
Authors: Hou Yujiao , Mei Guang , Liu Yutong , Xu Weisheng
Published: January 2020

Objective. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical fitness, lifestyle, and academic performance of Chinese college students and investigate the differences among medical and dental students on their lifestyle. Methods. This study was conducted with 316 students enrolled from 2012 to 2014 at Tongji University. Scores from the college physical test were used to represent the students’ physical fitness condition. Lifestyle was measured by some variables extracted from the students’ behavior data provided by the university’s information center. Academic performance was measured by the average score of basic courses and the average score of professional courses. Demographic information, including age, gender, nation, and family background, was also obtained. Separate multiple linear regression analysis was performed for modeling academic performance and physical fitness with a p value threshold of 0.05. Results. A total of 212 (45.97% females) medical students and 104 (58.65% females) dental students participated in this study. Physical fitness score (medical: r = 0.34, p < 0.001; dental: r = 0.47, p < 0.001), library visiting frequency (medical: r = 0.30, p < 0.001; dental: r = 0.62, p < 0.001), number of books borrowed (medical: r = 0.19, p < 0.01; dental: r = 0.37, p < 0.001), frequency of waking up early (medical: r = 0.29, p < 0.001; dental: r = −0.30, p < 0.01), and times of eating breakfast (medical: r = 0.49, p < 0.001; dental: r = 0.47, p < 0.001) were all significantly associated with academic performance. Library visiting frequency (medical: r = 0.26, p < 0.001; dental: r = 0.41, p < 0.001) and eating frequency (medical: r = 0.48, p < 0.001; dental: r = 0.42, p < 0.001) were also closely related with physical fitness. Conclusion. Physical fitness, library usage, and the regularity of lifestyle are significant contributors to academic performance among Chinese medical and dental students. Moreover, medical students are shown to have less rest time compared to dental students.
Failure Mechanism and Optimization of Arch‐Bolt Composite Support for Underground Mining Tunnel
Authors: Mei Yuchun , Li Weiteng , Yang Ning , Wang Gang , Li Tingchun , Sun Linlin
Published: January 2020

Numerical simulation tests were performed on the arch‐bolt combined supported mining tunnel through an improved numerical simulation approach. The typical soft rock roadway was took as the background, and the influencing factors such as ground stress level, lateral pressure coefficient, and support type and parameters were considered. The failure mechanism of a semicircular roadway with two straight walls was analyzed; results showed that the arch legs’ inward bending deformation and the arch‐rock separation are the breakthrough of the global failure of the supporting system, and rock bolts breakage promoted the failure process. The effects of different controlling measures were analyzed including enlarging the bolt diameter, replacing the conventional bolts with energy‐absorbing bolts, and setting arch locking bolts on the arch legs. The field test of the concrete‐filled steel tube (CFST) arch‐bolt composite support scheme was carried out in a high‐stress soft rock roadway, and the results indicate the reliability of the main conclusions.
Combination of Intravitreal Bevacizumab and Topical Dorzolamide versus Intravitreal Bevacizumab Alone for Diabetic Macular Edema: A Randomized Contralateral Clinical Trial
Authors: Fazel Farhad , Nikpour Hossein , Pourazizi Mohsen
Published: January 2020

Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of three intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injections versus the same combined with 2% of topical dorzolamide in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods. In this randomized double‐masked clinical trial, 32 eyes of 16 treatment‐naive patients with bilateral DME were enrolled. The eyes were randomly assigned to receive three monthly injections of IVB (1.25 mg) plus topical dorzolamide 2% twice daily or IVB (1.25 mg) plus topical artificial tear twice daily. Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was the primary outcome of the study followed by the central macular thickness (CMT) and central macular volume (CMV) as the secondary outcomes. Results. Mean BCVA changes were insignificant in both groups. It changed from 0.21 ± 0.08 logMAR at baseline to 0.23 ± 0.09 (P = 0.24) in the combination group and from 0.18 ± 0.09 logMAR to 0.21 ± 0.09 (P = 0.11) in the IVB alone group, at 3 months, respectively. Changes in mean CMT and CMV were significant in both groups. However, the difference between the groups was not significant at all the visits. In the study, no major ocular complication or systemic side effects were noted regarding IVB or topical dorzolamide. Conclusion. This randomized contralateral clinical trial demonstrated that adjuvant topical dorzolamide with IVB injection had no additional effects on IVB in the treatment of DME over a three‐month course. This trial is registered with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under the registration code IRCT20131229015975N5.
Design of Polymer Blends Based on Chitosan:POZ with Improved Dielectric Constant for Application in Polymer Electrolytes and Flexible Electronics
Authors: Aziz Shujahadeen B. , Hamsan M. H. , Kadir M. F. Z. , Woo H. J.
Published: January 2020

There is a considerable demand for the development and application of polymer materials in the flexible electronic- and polymer-based electrolyte technologies. Chitosan (CS) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POZ) materials were blended with different ratios to obtain CS:POZ blend films using a straightforward solution cast technique. The work was involved a range of characteristic techniques, such as impedance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and optical microscopy. From the XRD spectra, an enhancement in the amorphous nature in CS:POZ blend films was revealed when compared to the pure state of CS. The enhancement was verified from the peak broadening in CS:POZ blend films in relative to the one in crystalline peaks of the CS polymer. The optical micrograph study was used to designate the amorphous and crystalline regions by assigning dark and brilliant phases, respectively. Upon increasing POZ concentration, the dielectric constant was found to increase up toɛ′ = 6.48 (at 1 MHz) at 15 wt.% of POZ, and then a drop was observed beyond this amount. The relatively high dielectric constant and dielectric loss were found at elevated temperatures. The increase of POZ concentration up to 45 wt.% made the loss tangent to shift to the lower frequency side, which is related to increasing resistivity. The increases of dielectric constant and dielectric loss with temperature were attributed to the increase of polarisation. The loss tangent peaks were found to shift to the higher frequency side as temperature elevated. Obvious relaxation peaks were observed in the imaginary part of electric modulus, and no peaks were found in the dielectric loss spectra. The concentration dependent ofM″ peaks was found to follow the same trend of loss tangent peaks versus POZ content. The relaxation process was studied in terms of electric modulus parameters.
Relationship between Lower Limb Kinematics and Upper Trunk Acceleration in Recreational Runners
Authors: Simoni Laura , Pancani Silvia , Vannetti Federica , Macchi Claudio , Pasquini Guido
Published: January 2020

Upper trunk (UT) kinematics in runners and its relationship with lower limbs has been poorly investigated, although it is acknowledged that dynamic stability of the upper body is a primary objective of human locomotion. This study aimed to explore UT kinematics according to gender and level of training and in relation to lower limb run patterns described through the presence of: overstriding, crossover, excessive protonation, and pelvic drop. Lower body variables chosen to describe running pattern were those that are frequently modified during gait-retraining with the goal of reducing injury risk. Eighty-seven recreational runners (28 females and 59 males, age 41 ± 10 years) performed a one minute run test on a treadmill at self-selected speed. UT kinematics was measured using an inertial measurement unit, while run features were assessed through an optoelectronic system and video analysis. Accelerations and root-mean-square on mediolateral and anteroposterior axes, normalized using the vertical component of the acceleration, were estimated to describe UT stability. Results showed no significant differences in the normalized UT acceleration root-mean-square according to gender and level of training as well as according to the presence of overstriding, crossover, and excessive protonation. The only running strategy studied in this work that showed a significant relationship with UT stability was the presence of excessive pelvic drop. The latter was significantly associated (p=0.020) to a decrease in the normalized acceleration root-mean-square along the mediolateral direction. Although the excessive pelvic drop seemed to have a positive effect in stabilizing the upper body, concerns remain on the effect of a poor control of the pelvis on the biomechanics of lower limbs. Results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the lower body is able to respond to varying impact load conditions to maintain UT stability.
lncRNA IGHCγ1 Acts as a ceRNA to Regulate Macrophage Inflammation via the miR-6891-3p/TLR4 Axis in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhang Pengjun , Sun Jianmei , Liang Caihong , Gu Bingjie , Xu Yang , Lu Hongying , Cao Bo , Xu Hao
Published: January 2020

Accumulating data have implicated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in osteoarthritis (OA), which may function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of microRNAs (miRNAs). lncRNA IGHCγ1 has been demonstrated to regulate inflammation and autoimmunity. Nonetheless, the altering effect of IGHCγ1 in OA remains unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the mechanism and function of lncRNA IGHCγ1 in OA. CCK-8, EdU, and transwell assays were used to estimate macrophage proliferation and migration. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to estimate the local expression of lncRNA IGHCγ1 in macrophages. Luciferase reporter assay was adopted to validate the ceRNA role of IGHCγ1 as miRNA sponge. lncRNA IGHCγ1 was primarily localized in macrophage cytoplasm and upregulated in OA. miR-6891-3p inhibited macrophage proliferation, migration, and inflammatory response by targeting TLR4, while lncRNA IGHCγ1 promoted TLR4 expression by functioning as a ceRNA for miR-6891-3p through the NF-κB signal in macrophages. This study strongly supports that lncRNA IGHCγ1 regulates inflammatory response via regulating the miR-6891-3p/TLR4/NF-κB axis in macrophages.
ONO-7475, a Novel AXL Inhibitor, Suppresses the Adaptive Resistance to Initial EGFR-TKI Treatment inEGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Okura Naoko , Nishioka Naoya , Yamada Tadaaki , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Tanimura Keiko , Katayama Yuki , Yoshimura Akihiro , Watanabe Satoshi , Kikuchi Toshiaki , Shiotsu Shinsuke , Kitazaki Takeshi , Nishiyama Akihiro , Iwasaku Masahiro , Kaneko Yoshiko , Uchino Junji , Uehara Hisanori , Horinaka Mano , Sakai Toshiyuki , Tanaka Kohei , Kozaki Ryohei , Yano Seiji , Takayama Koichi
Published: January 2020

Purpose:

Currently, an optimal therapeutic strategy comprising molecularly targeted agents for treating EGFR-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with acquired resistance to osimertinib is not available. Therefore, the initial therapeutic intervention is crucial for the prolonged survival of these patients. The activation of anexelekto (AXL) signaling is known to be associated with intrinsic and acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). In this study, we investigated the best therapeutic strategy to combat AXL-induced tolerance to EGFR-TKIs using the novel AXL inhibitor ONO-7475.

Experimental Design:

We examined the efficacy of ONO-7475 in combination with EGFR-TKIs in EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells using in vitro and in vivo experiments. We investigated the correlation between AXL expression in tumors and clinical outcomes with osimertinib for EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to initial EGFR-TKIs.

Results:

ONO-7475 sensitized AXL-overexpressing EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells to the EGFR-TKIs osimertinib and dacomitinib. In addition, ONO-7475 suppressed the emergence and maintenance of EGFR-TKI–tolerant cells. In the cell line–derived xenograft models of AXL-overexpressing EGFR-mutated lung cancer treated with osimertinib, initial combination therapy of ONO-7475 and osimertinib markedly regressed tumors and delayed tumor regrowth compared with osimertinib alone or the combination after acquired resistance to osimertinib. AXL expression in EGFR-TKI refractory tumors did not correlate with the sensitivity of osimertinib.

Conclusions:

These results demonstrate that ONO-7475 suppresses the emergence and maintenance of tolerant cells to the initial EGFR-TKIs, osimertinib or dacomitinib, in AXL-overexpressing EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells, suggesting that ONO-7475 and osimertinib is a highly potent combination for initial treatment.
Conceptualizing Health Behaviors as Acute Mood-Altering Agents: Implications for Cancer Control
Authors: Dunton Genevieve F. , Kaplan Jonas T. , Monterosso John , Pang Raina D. , Mason Tyler B. , Kirkpatrick Matthew G. , Eckel Sandrah P. , Leventhal Adam M.
Published: January 2020

A massive portion of cancer burden is accounted for by a small collection of highly prevalent cancer risk behaviors (e.g., low physical activity, unhealthy diet, and tobacco use). Why people engage in numerous types of cancer risk behaviors and fail to adopt various cancer prevention behaviors has been poorly understood. In this commentary, we propose a novel scientific framework, which argues that a common affective (i.e., emotion based) mechanism underpins a diversity of such cancer risk and prevention behaviors. The scientific premise is that cancer risk and prevention behaviors produce immediate and robust changes in affective states that are translated into motivations and drives, which promote further pursuit of risk behaviors or avoidance of prevention behaviors. After describing the conceptual and scientific basis for this framework, we then propose central research questions that can address the validity and utility of the framework. Next, we selectively review and integrate findings on the mood-altering effects of various cancer risk and prevention behaviors from the addiction science, exercise science, and behavioral nutrition literatures, focusing on the nature and phenomenology of behavior-elicited mood changes and their value for predicting future behavior change. We conclude by discussing how this framework can be applied to address critical scientific questions in cancer control.
Associations between Seven Common Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Pan , Liu Junli , Xiao Jinqiu , Jian Huagang , Chen Hao
Published: January 2020

Background: Associations of polymorphisms in interferon-gamma (IFNG), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-18 (IL-18) with coronary artery disease (CAD) have already been investigated by many studies, yet the findings of these studies have been somewhat inconsistent. Objectives: The aim of this meta-analysis was to better clarify associations between polymorphisms in IFNG/IL-10/IL-18 and CAD by combing the results of all relevant articles. Methods: Eligible articles were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, WOS, and CNKI. We used Review Manager to combine the results of indi­vidual studies. Results: Fifty-one studies were included in this meta-analysis. Combined results revealed that IFNG rs243056, IL-10rs1800871, IL-18rs187238, IL-18rs1946518, and IL-18rs1946519 polymorphisms were all significantly associated with CAD in the general population. We also obtained similar significant results for IFNG rs243056, IL-10rs1800871, IL-10 rs1800896, IL-18rs187238, IL-18rs1946518, and IL-18rs1946519 polymorphisms in Asians in further subgroup analyses. Conclusions: Collectively, this meta-analysis proved that IFNG rs243056, IL-10rs1800871, IL-10 rs1800896, IL-18rs187238, IL-18rs1946518, and IL-18rs1946519 polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to CAD for Asians.
Mental Fatigue Evaluation of Surgical Teams during a Regular Workday in a High-Volume Tertiary Healthcare Center
Authors: Petrut Bogdan , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Feflea Dragos I. , Hogea Maximilian , Pasca Sergiu , Bujoreanu Cristina E. , Bschleipfer Thomas
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Considering the complex set of manual and psychological tasks a surgeon has to perform during the day, it is very important to assess the surgeon’s fatigability, reaction time, attention, and memory. Objective: Here, we wanted to determine the mental fatigue status of surgeons and how their abilities are affected through a regular workday. Methods: We included 3 senior urologists and 6 urology residents. In a set period of time, we assessed their fatigue through self-assessed fatigue, Samn-Perelli score, and Karolinska sleepiness scale score. Further, reaction time, attention, and memory correlated with the number of the operations in the day, and total number of operations in that day were assessed. Results: As the number of tasks increases, and as the surgeons advance to the end of the workday, they become more fatigued, reaction time ultimately increases, and attention and memory become slightly altered. Conclusions: Complications resulting from the fatigue of surgeons could be serious. Their performance status and skills decrease as they perform more tasks or advance through the day.
Adherence to Adjuvant Imatinib Therapy in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in Clinical Practice: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Yirong , Zhang Peng , Han Yong , Nelson Ryan S. , McLeod Howard L. , Tao Kaixiong , Yuan Yonghua , Zhang Min , Xiang Hongping , Zhou Hong
Published: January 2020

Background: Adherence to imatinib therapy has been significantly associated with disease progression and direct medical costs in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients. However, adherence to oral anticancer drugs is frequently hindered by the influence of various factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of imatinib adherence and its influencing factors among GIST patients in the adjuvant setting. Methods: Adherence of GIST patients (receiving imatinib for ≥1 month) was assessed using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), with a score <8 indicating nonadherence. Quality of life and social support were evaluated by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EORTC QLQ C30) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Factors associated with nonadherence were identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Imatinib plasma concentrations were determined and compared between adherent and nonadherent groups. Results: A total of 158 GIST patients were enrolled, 92 (58.2%) patients were considered nonadherent. Intentional nonadherence, especially feeling hassled by treatment plan (34.2% of patients), was common. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.33–5.41; p = 0.0058), place of residence (OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.39–7.35; p = 0.0061), and global health status (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00–1.04; p = 0.0378) were significantly associated with nonadherence. Moreover, imatinib plasma concentrations in nonadherent patients were significantly lower than that in the good adherence group (p = 0.0338). Conclusions: Poor adherence to imatinib is a notable problem in Chinese GIST patients in the adjuvant therapy setting. The predominant indicators of nonadherence in this study were gender (female), living in a rural area, and harboring a low global health status score. These indicators may aid clinicians in determining where increased efforts in promoting adherence may be beneficial.
“I’m a Little More Trusting”: Components of Trustworthiness in the Decision to Participate in Genomics Research for African Americans
Authors: Passmore Susan Racine , Jamison Amelia M. , Hancock Gregory R. , Abdelwadoud Moaz , Mullins C. Daniel , Rogers Taylor B. , Thomas Stephen B.
Published: January 2020

Aims: This study sought to explore the decision to participate in genomics research for African American individuals. Our overall goal was to explore (1) the attributes that significantly contribute to willingness to participate in genomics research; (2) how these attributes are interpreted (what is their meaning?); (3) how trustworthiness is estimated in the decision to participate in research (i.e., what are the symbolic representations or heuristics of trustworthiness in decision-making?); and (4) how participants see factors to counterweigh each other. Methods: We sought a methodology that would afford exploration of the compensatory nature of decision-making where some choice attributes may be weighed differently than others as well as the use of heuristics (shortcuts to estimate key concepts in the mentally taxing task of decision-making) for concepts such as trustworthiness. We used a qualitative story deck to create hypothetical research scenarios with variable attributes (i.e., researcher race/ethnicity; institutional affiliation; research goal; and biospecimen requested) to determine how individuals find and interpret information to make decisions about research participation. These semi-structured interviews (n = 82) were conducted in African American barbershops in Baltimore City and Prince George’s County, Maryland. Results: Quantitative and qualitative analysis was completed. Findings include that, even in the absence of interpersonal connection, trustworthiness can be communicated through multiple factors, such as (1) shared values with researchers and (2) familiarity. Conversely, (1) ambiguity, especially regarding the use of biospecimens, (2) negative reputations, and (3) perceptions of “hidden agendas” were associated with a lower willingness to participate. However, the alignment of participant and research goals was weighed more heavily in decisions than other factors. Conclusion: This study finds that negatively assessed characteristics in research design do not result in automatic rejections of participation. Negative assessments can be mitigated by emphasizing the multiple factors that communicate trustworthiness in the consent process, which may improve rates of research participation.
Oral Pharmacological Activation of Hypothalamic Guanylate Cyclase 2C Receptor Stimulates Brown Fat Thermogenesis to Reduce Body Weight
Authors: Folgueira Cintia , Torres-Leal Francisco Leonardo , Beiroa Daniel , Pena-León Verónica , Da Silva Lima Natália , Milbank Edward , Senra Ana , Al-Massadi Omar , López Miguel , Diéguez Carlos , Seoane Luisa M. , Nogueiras Rubén
Published: January 2020

Linaclotide is a synthetic peptide approved by the FDA for the treatment of constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and chronic constipation. Linaclotide binds and activates the transmembrane receptor guanylate cyclase 2C (Gucy2c). Uroguanylin (UGN) is a 16 amino acid peptide that is mainly secreted by enterochromaffin cells in the duodenum and proximal small intestine. UGN is the endogenous ligand of Gucy2c and decreases body weight in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice via the activation of the thermogenic program in brown adipose tissue. Therefore, we wanted to evaluate whether oral linaclotide could also improve DIO mice metabolic phenotype. In this study, we have demonstrated that DIO mice orally treated with linaclotide exhibited a significant reduction of body weight without modifying food intake. Linaclotide exerts its actions through the central nervous system, and more specifically, via Gucy2c receptors located in the mediobasal hypothalamus, leading to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system to trigger the thermogenic activity of brown fat stimulating energy expenditure. These findings indicate for first time that, in addition to its effects at intestinal level to treat irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and chronic constipation, linaclotide also exerts a beneficial effect in whole body metabolism.
Панкреатобилиарная манометрия в профилактике постманипуляционного панкреатита после эндоскопической ретроградной холангиопанкреатографии
Authors: Lupaltsov V. I. , Yagnyuk A. I. , Skalii N. N. , Kotovschikov M. S.
Published: January 2020

Цель работы: снижение частоты возникновения острого постманипуляционного панкреатита за счёт использования панкреатобилиарной манометрии.

Материалы и методы. Предложено устройство, регистрирующее давление в общем панкреатическом протоке при выполнении эндоскопической ретроградной холангиопанкреатографии (ЭРХПГ), которое в режиме реального времени с помощью графической кривой отображает давление в панкреатическом протоке. Так, при резком “пиковом” подъеме кривой ситуацию расценивали как повышение давления в панкреатическом протоке, что являлось показанием к введению контраста с меньшей объемной скоростью и проведению противопанкреатической терапии. Эта методика была использована у 128 пациентов с 2013 по 2018 гг.

Результаты исследований и их обсуждение. У больных первой группы острый постманипуляционный панкреатит развился у 21,8 %, тогда как у пациентов второй группы, у которых профилактические мероприятия острого постманипуляционного панкреатита проводились тотчас после выявления его признаков – у 6,3 %. Клинические симптомы острого панкреатита и амилолитическая активность крови в группе, где применялись методики манометрического контроля, наблюдались реже, чем в группе сравнения.

Использование разработанных методик манометрического контроля во время лечебно-диагностических манипуляций на фатеровом сосочке достоверно снижает риск возникновения острого постманипуляционного панкреатита.
Вибір способу біліарної декомпресії у хворих на обтураційну жовтяницю непухлинного генезу
Authors: Kanikovskyi O. Y. , Karyi Y. V. , Bondarchuk O. I. , Androsov S. I. , AL Ktavneh AL-Mutasam billah
Published: January 2020

Мета роботи: вивчити ефективність біліарної декомпресії після зовнішнього, внутрішнього дренування жовчних проток, ендоскопічних транспапілярних втручань у хворих на обтураційну жовтяницю непухлинного генезу.

Матеріали і методи. Проаналізовано результати хірургічного лікування 200 хворих на обтураційну жовтяницю доброякісного генезу. Хворі були розподілені на три групи: І група (n = 95) – застосовували ендоскопічні способи біліарної декомпресії, ІІ група (n = 48) – сформовано біліодигестивні анастомози, ІІІ група (n = 57) – проводили зовнішнє дренування жовчних проток.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У І групі хворих спостерігалось поступове зниження рівня білірубіну та лужної фосфатази і досягнення нормального рівня на 7 добу. У ІІ групі нормалізацію білірубіну і лужної фосфатази відмічено на 14 добу. У ІІІ групі було швидке зниження рівня білірубіну та лужної фосфатази та їхньої нормалізації на 28 добу. Рівень трансаміназ досягав норми раніше у кожній групі хворих.
Структурні зміни мікроциркуляторного русла дванадцятипалої кишки при обтураційному холестазі
Authors: Hrabchak S. O. , Jasinovskay O. B. , Krichak M. Yu. , Gargula T. I.
Published: January 2020

Мета роботи: морфологічно вивчити особливості ремоделювання судин мікроциркуляторного русла дванадцятипалої кишки при тривалому обтураційному холестазі.

Матеріали і методи. Морфологічно досліджено особливості ремоделювання судин мікроциркуляторного русла дванадцятипалої кишки при тривалому обтураційному холестазі, який моделювали перев’язкою загальної жовчної протоки. Мікроциркуляторне русло дванадцятипалої кишки досліджувалося за методом В. В. Купріянова через 3, 7, 14 та 28 діб змодельованого обтураційного холестазу.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Проведеними дослідженнями встановлено, що обтураційний холестаз призводить до вираженого ремоделювання мікроциркуляторного русла дванадцятипалої кишки. На ранніх стадіях змодельованої патології виникає спазм приносних судин гемомікроциркуляторного русла та розширення закапілярних венул та венул, збільшення їх щільності. На 14 та 28 доби обтураційний холестаз ускладнюється розширенням лімфатичних та венозних судин мікроциркуляторного русла, зменшенням кількості гемокапілярів, гіпоксією, дистрофічними, некробіотичними, інфільтративними та склеротичними процесами у стінці дванадцятипалої кишки.
Повторна реваскуляризація рецидиву хронічної артеріальної недостатності після реконструкції аорто/клубово-стегнового сегмента
Authors: Venher I. K. , Husak M. O. , Kovalskyi D. V. , Kostiv S. Ya. , Vaida A. R. , Herasymiuk N. I.
Published: January 2020

Мета роботи: покращити результати повторної реваскуляризації артеріального русла нижніх кінцівок у хворих із рецидивом хронічної артеріальної недостатності шляхом застосування в комплексі повторного оперативного втручання методів ендоваскулярної ангіопластики.

Матеріали і методи. В роботу включено 522 пацієнти з атеросклеротичним ураженням аорто-стегно-підколінного сегмента. У 231 пацієнта діагностовано ХАН ІІІА ст., у 191 – ХКІНК ІІІБ-ІV ст., у 100 – ХАН ІІБ ст. Виділено три групи хворих. І група – 22 спостереження (28,2 %) – первинна операція – реконструкція аорто/клубово-стегнової зони за відсутності гемодинамічно значущого атеросклеротичного процесу стегно-дистального сегмента; ІІ група – 43 спостереження (55,1 %) – первинна операція – реконструкція аорто/клубово-стегнового сегмента за наявності стенотично-оклюзивного процесу стегно-підколінної зони; ІІІ група – 13 спостережень (16,7 %) – первинна операція – реконструкція аорто/клубово-стегнової зони доповнена автовенозним стегно-дистальним шунтуванням.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Повторну реваскуляризацію магістрального русла нижніх кінцівок при рецидиві ХАН здійснювали із врахуванням особливостей первинного оперативного втручання, локалізації стенотично-оклюзивного процесу, його поширеності та поєднання з іншими сегментами артеріального русла нижніх кінцівок. Виявлено прогресуюче ураження атеросклеротичним процесом зони дистального анастомозу аорто/клубово-стегнового алопротеза у 36 (48,7 %) спостереженнях, а гомілкової зони – у 61 (78,2 %) хворого. Основним хірургічним втручанням при повторній реваскуляризації були стегно-дистальні шунтуючі операції, які в 32 випадках доповнені ендоваскулярною балонною ангіопластикою гомілкової артерії, з них у 19-ти втручаннях виконано ангіопластику одразу двох артерій. При оклюзивно-стенотичному процесі гомілкових артерій виконано 23 підколінно-задньо-великогомілкових (передньо-великогомілкових) шунтувань. Післяопераційний період у 10 (12,8 %) пацієнтів ускладнився розвитком тромбозу сегмента реконструкції, з них у двох випадках після ендоваскулярної балонної ангіопластики.
Віддалені результати хірургічного лікування синдрому аорто- мезентеріальної компресії
Authors: Kobza I. I. , Nesterenko I. R. , Nesterenko V. L. , Kikhtiak A. T. , Hrechukh L. Yu.
Published: January 2020

Мета роботи: дослідити віддалені наслідки реімплантації лівої ниркової вени.

Матеріали і методи. З 1999 по 2019 рр. обстежено 146 пацієнтів віком від 14 до 34 років з підозрою на “синдром лускунчика”. В дослідження увійшли пацієнти з явищами гематурії, протеїнурії, лівобічного варикоцеле, лівобічного пудендального варикозу та болем в лівій половині живота нез’ясованої етіології. Всім хворим проведено ультразвукову кольорову доплерографію нирок, ниркових та гонадних вен. У 81 пацієнта за даними УЗД діагностовано різний ступінь аорто-мезентеріальної компресії (55,4 %). 11-ти пацієнтам із критичним стенозом лівої ниркової вени проведено реімплантацію лівої ниркової вени.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Віддалені результати вивчені в строки від від 6 до 20 років після операції. На огляд зʼявились 8 пацієнтів. Всі опитані пацієнти вказували на зникнення болю в лівій половині живота, гематурії (лише один пацієнт вказував на рецидив гематурії, що з’явилась через 5 років після оперативного лікування), у всіх пацієнтів відсутній рецидив варикоцеле. При проведенні УЗД-контролю місця реконструкції у 4-х пацієнтів стенозу місця реконструкції не виявлено, у 4-х пацієнтів виявлено некритичний стеноз місця реконструкції (до 50 %).
O entre-lugar da cultura pop(ular) na América Latina
Authors: Mendes Daniel
Published: January 2020

Este artigo se propõe a analisar o conceito de “entre-lugar” trabalhado por Silvianno Santiago como forma de conceber a criação da cultura pop na América Latina. Busca-se defender um novo discurso em relação à cobertura da crítica cultural sobre essa cultura contemporânea. Objetiva-se compreender como a cultura pop latino-americana se conecta a uma cultura pop global, sobretudo diante do fenômeno do cosmopolitismo estético. Por fim, será abordada a questão da cultura enquanto valor com o intuito de analisar como que tal regimento pode obedecer a critérios pensados a partir das experiências culturais destes trópicos e não a critérios meramente importados.
Mujeres maravilla en el Mercosur en búsqueda de visibilidad
Authors: Darling Victoria
Published: January 2020

Durante los últimos años, las mujeres adquirieron un protagonismo nunca antes visto. En términos de visibilización de sus demandas, mujeres y sexualidades disidentes han expresado masivamente la exigencia de cumplimiento de derechos y la efectivación de garantías mínimas hasta ahora sólo en papel conquistadas. En tiempos sombríos, de femicidios y ejercicio de diferentes formas de violencia cotidianas, el artículo aborda a través de un análisis crítico de datos de fuentes secundarias diferentes aspectos en que se cristaliza la desigualdad de género en los países del Mercosur. El objetivo es proponer la definición de variables a ser consideradas para diseñar políticas complementarias a la Política de Cuidado, de cuño uruguayo. Luego, se proponen indicadores sociales básicos con el objetivo de aportar al debate sobre la necesaria articulación de políticas sociales comunes en la región.
Realismo Maravilhoso latino-americano e tradição oral nos contos populares do nordeste brasileiro em Mentiras Grossas de Zé Rotinho, de João Nonon de Moura Fontes Ibiapina
Authors: Ciarlini Erika Ruth Melo
Published: January 2020

A literatura do Nordeste brasileiro tem grande influência da oralidade, obras dentre as quais figura Mentiras Grossas de Zé Rotinho (1977), do escritor piauiense João Nonon de Moura Fontes Ibiapina. Para Chiampi (2015), esses textos regionais compõe um tipo literatura na América latina, neste trabalho analisada como uma face do Realismo Maravilhoso. Estuda-se o conteúdo da memória popular à luz de Bachelard (2008), por meio de que se detectam a convivência com o espaço e os costumes do local, assim como Câmara Cascudo (2012), quando os contos revelam a história do povo latino-americano, visível no Folclore e na tradição popular.