bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Novel 1,3-Indandione Derivatives and Investigation Their Anti-Microbial and Anti-Fungal Activity
Authors: Mostafavi Hossein , Bejandi Rasul Khandan
Published: February 2025

1,3 -Indanedione derivatives, which are of wide interest because of their diverse biological and chemical applications. A series of novel 1,3-Indanedione derivatives are synthesized via KNOEVENAGEL condensing reaction mechanism by condensing 1,3-Indanedione with diverse aryl aldehydes using2-hydroxyethyammonium formate as ionic liquid and catalyst. All the synthetic derivatives were fully characterized by spectral analysis data (FT-IR, 1H- 13C-NMR and elemental analysis).

This series of 7 compounds were tested for in vitro anti-bacterial activity against Gram- negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Proteus mirabilis ATCC 43071, Gram–positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25952 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. Anti-fungal activity of the newly synthesized derivatives was evaluated by Disc diffusion method with Candida albicans. The newly synthesized compounds are evaluated for their antimicrobial activity (by using Cup- Plate method against selected bacterial strains among total compounds, compounds 7 was found to have higher activity against selected strains and the results were found to be as moderate activity, for anti-fungal activity-compounds 2,5 are more potent .
The Development and Validation of a GC-MS Method to Quantify Short and Branched Chain Fatty Acids in Human Stool and Applied to Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Healthy Controls
Authors: Gray Justin , Guo Baochuan , Bearden Rebecca
Published: February 2025

The study of short (SCFAs) and branched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) in human stool related to gastrointestinal diseases, gut microbiota, metabolism and diet has dramatically increased. As a result, a fast, reliable method with minimal pretreatment is needed for quantification of these metabolites (acetic, propionic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, valeric and caproic acid; μg/g stool) in stool. Therefore, a GC-MS method meeting this criterion was developed. Stool samples were homogenized, diluted with 80:20 water:methanol (v/v) and adjusted to a pH of 1.5 - 2.5. Samples were vortexed, centrifuged and directly injected into the GC-MS using pulsed splitless injection offering two-to-three-fold signal enhancement over a 10:1 split injection. DB-FATWAX Ultra Inert Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Column showed no peak tailing, reduced responses or retention time shifts after 1476 stool injections while other columns failed before 361 injections. A case-control study was conducted using 53 remnant raw stool samples with a positive diagnosis of either ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s Disease (CD) which comprised the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) group and were compared to a control group of 21 samples for SCFA and BCFA concentrations. Strong statistical differences were observed between groups whereas the IBD group contained less propionic, butyric and valeric acid (p lessthan 0.05). A receiver operator curve was plotted using the sum of significantly different SCFAs normalized against acetic acid resulting in 96% AUC (95% CI: 0.89 – 0.98) demonstrating potential diagnostical application.
KONSEP BIMBINGAN KONSELING ISLAM DALAM MENINGKATKAN MORAL REMAJA
Authors: Jannah Miftahul
Published: February 2025

Islamic counseling guidance is a form of knowledge as well as a form of assistance to provide direction in solving problems properly. Especially on teenage morale. Adolescence is often used and misunderstood. Both in terms of association, social, and the environment. In fact, the important point that must be cultivated in the soul of youth today is good morality ethics. In fact, adolescents today have experienced significant setbacks. Very few teenagers have and understand how moral ethics are in social, social and environmental terms. Some opinions say that the souls of teenagers are souls who have more curiosity than usual, want to try things that should not be in accordance with their youthful condition. In this case, a very important role is needed to accompany the growing adolescence. Namely parents and the school environment are very influential roles to limit, oversee how the process of healing children who are approaching adolescence. By guiding and strengthening faith in God almighty. In addition, Islamic counseling guidance is also a good means of providing direction, sharing about problems being experienced by adolescents. Previous counseling guidance adopted more concepts and practices developed by western scientists. However, with the rampant Islamization of knowledge, sharing activities to explore Islamic concepts and values are increasingly being carried out. So counseling guidance is transformed into Islamic counseling guidance. It contains concepts that contain religious values. There are various kinds of delinquency committed by adolescents, so there is a need for proper guidance to deal with adolescent problems, by seeing the rampant juvenile delinquency at this time, which is lacking in good ethical and moral values. The purpose of Islamic counseling guidance in improving adolescent morale is an optimal development, namely development in accordance with the potential and value systems of a good and right life. Optimal development is not merely the achievement of a high level of intellectual ability, which is characterized by mastery, knowledge, and skills, but an academic condition, where individuals are able to know and understand themselves, dare to accept self-reality objectively, direct themselves according to their abilities and opportunities. , and can make choices and make decisions on their own responsibility. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the concept of guidance in improving morale for adolescents with Islamic values. The method used in this research is library research by exploring sources of moral
 
improvement for today's adolescents through studies in books, articles and other scientific works. The role of Islamic counseling guidance greatly contributes to improving the morale of adolescents in interacting with the surrounding environment which is based on Islamic teachings.
SEWA KENDARAAN (RENTAL) DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Jailani Jailani
Published: February 2025

The objectives of this study are: 1) to determine the practice of renting a car at PT.Amanah Jaya and 2) to find out whether car rental at PT. Amanah Jaya is inaccordance with Islamic law. The results showed that the car rental agreement thatoccurred at Amanah Jaya Car Rental, Pademawu District, Pamekasan was carried outby both parties, namely, the car rental party as the provider of the service and theconsumer as the renter. The application of advances is not contrary to Islamic law onthe condition that there is no loss to either party and there is a willingness between thetwo parties. In the process of resolving delays and compensation for damages at PTAmanah Jaya, it was carried out by consensus. After that the disputing parties carryout the obligations that must be borne by each party in accordance with thepredetermined agreement.
Research on the antistatic performance of peanut shells @ glucose biochar/epoxy composites
Authors: Guo Mengxiao , Ge Heyi , Zhang Boming , Liu Jinman
Published: February 2025

In this work, the glucose nanocarbon spheres (GC) were in situ decorated on the surface of lamellar peanut shell biochar (PSAC) to construct the self-modified conductive function unit of biomass (PSAC@GC). The effects of PSAC@GC at different carbonization temperatures on the conductivity, the antistatic properties, and the thermal stability of epoxy composites were investigated. This unique structure not only improves the dispersion of GC nanospheres in the epoxy resin, but the larger carbon framework of PSAC also contributed to forming a continuous conductive network. Moreover, the well-dispersed GC nanospheres on PSAC facilitate the transfer of surface free electrons, effectively improving the electrical conductivity and ultimately strengthening the antistatic properties of the composites. The results show that when the carbonization temperature was 900 ℃, the conductivity of PSAC@GC with a mass ratio of 1:1 was 41.19 S/m, which represents an increase of 135% and 43% compared to PSAC and GC, respectively. When 5 wt.% PSAC@GC was added, it showed good dispersion in the epoxy resin, and the surface resistivity of the composites was reduced to 1.89 × 108 Ω. The work provides a new approach for the development of environmentally friendly and cost-effective novel antistatic carbon material.
Discussion on the medication rules for treating arthralgia syndrome in three famous medical records based on data mining
Authors: Li Shun , Liu Guirong
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the regularity of medication in the treatment of arthralgia syndrome in three “Famous Medical Records”. Systematically explore the rules of drug use in the treatment of BI syndrome, to provide new ideas and theoretical support for modern TCM clinical treatment of Bi syndrome. Method: Using three “Famous Medical Records” as the source of literature, medical records for treating arthralgia syndrome were collected, and a database was established using Excel, IBM SPSS Modeler, and IBM SPSS Statistics software. Drug use, association rules, and drug clustering were analyzed. Result: 323 medical records and 650 prescriptions involving 429 traditional Chinese medicines were collected. The drugs with higher frequency of use include Angelica sinensis, Poria cocos, licorice, cinnamon twig, etc., among which the drugs are mostly drugs for tonifying deficiency and eliminating wind and dampness; The main drug properties are temperature; The medicinal taste is mostly sweet, bitter, and pungent; Drugs are mostly attributed to the liver, spleen, and kidney channels. Common drug compatibility combinations include: Angelica-Chuanxiong, Angelica-Lycium barbarum, etc. A total of 5 drug combinations were obtained through cluster analysis. Conclusion: Through data mining, it is found that the treatment of arthralgia syndrome in the three “Famous Medical Cases” focuses on reinforcing deficiency and balancing deficiency with reality. Multi use blood tonic drugs, Qi tonic drugs, and warming drugs that can eliminate rheumatic arthralgia, to tonify, unblock collaterals, and eliminate arthralgia, achieving the effect of Qi and blood homeostasis; Reuse wind medicine to treat rheumatism together; Be good at using animal drugs, especially insect drugs, to strengthen the health and eliminate pathogenic factors.
Biomechanics in business administration: Leveraging biofeedback mechanisms to enhance user experience
Authors: Zheng Yu
Published: February 2025

Although biofeedback has achieved remarkable results in many areas, it also has some limitations. For example, the measurement results of a biofeedback meter can be affected by a variety of factors, including physiological differences between individuals, environmental disturbances, etc. In addition, biofeedback training requires a certain amount of time and patience to learn and master the skills, which can be a challenge for some individuals who are impatient. In summary, biofeedback is an effective mental skill training method, which plays an important role in competitive sports and is gradually being borrowed and applied by other fields. As technology continues to evolve and improve, biofeedback is expected to play a greater role in more fields.
Biomechanical effects of different intensity combinations of aerobic exercise on the enhancement of physiological fitness of college students
Authors: Ji Congsheng , Jing Ming
Published: February 2025

Aerobic exercise is an effective way to improve cardiorespiratory function and enhance physical fitness, which has a positive impact on the physiological health level of college students, and this study aims to investigate the impact of aerobic exercise with different combinations of intensity on the enhancement of physiological health level of college students. Twenty college students, aged 18–24, in robust health and devoid of long-term exercise backgrounds, were recruited. They engaged in three 30-minute aerobic exercise regimens: low-to-moderate, low-to-high, and moderate-to-high intensity. Biomechanically, each intensity level triggered distinct muscular activation patterns and energy demands. The physiological health indexes of the subjects were measured before and after the exercise, including the heart rate, the degree of self-consciousness of fatigue, the oxygen saturation, the perfusion index, and the emotional state. All indicators can be measured by professional equipment, and different intensity groups are determined according to the intensity of aerobic respiration. The results of the study showed that before the exercise intervention, there was no difference between the physiological health indicators of all subjects, which was homogeneous. In contrast, after the exercise intervention, physiological health indicators showed changes due to different intensities of aerobic exercise. In the two indicators of heart rate and conscious fatigue, there was a significant difference in the enhancement of the two indicators by aerobic exercise (P < 0.05), and the greater the intensity of aerobic exercise, the greater the effect on heart rate and conscious fatigue. Higher intensity aerobic exercise spurred the heart to work harder, pumping blood more vigorously to fuel active muscles, as dictated by biomechanical principles. In the two indicators of oxygen saturation and perfusion index, the effect of aerobic exercise did not have a significant difference (P > 0.05), and did not show a specific pattern of change. In terms of emotional state indexes, the effects of aerobic exercise of different intensities on the subjects were reflected in different emotional indexes, but in terms of the overall emotional disturbance index, aerobic exercise of different intensities did not have a significant effect on the emotional disturbance index. In sum, aerobic exercise’s biomechanical benefits for students’ health are clear. Colleges should boost its promotion, offer varied programs, and guide participation to harness these advantages for enhanced physical and mental health.
Attachment Style and Conflict Resolution Strategies among Married Couples in the Light of Some Demographic Variables
Authors: Kassem Abd El. Mureed Abd El Gaber , Alkousy Ahmed Moustafa Mohamed Ahmed , Yamani Ibrahim bin Abdul Jalil , Moussa Yasser Mohamed Elsayed
Published: February 2025

This study aims to specify relations between Conflict Resolution Strategies, adult attachment style in a sample of married couples. It also aims to find out the role of attachment styles in predicting conflict resolution strategies the sample consists of (203) males, and females, the researcher used attachment scale, conflict resolution strategies questionnaire-) Kurdek1994. The findings of the study reveal that there is a statistically significant relationship between conflict resolution strategies and all attachment styles. The results also show that there is predictive ability of the attachment styles to Conflict Resolution Strategies.
The role of medical devices in airway clearance for chronic respiratory patients : steps towards implementation in primary care
Authors:   , Leemans Glenn
Published: February 2025

The respiratory system employs multiple defense mechanisms to clear inhaled particles, with airway mucus production and clearance playing a crucial role. In chronic respiratory disorders such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis (CF), mucus retention impairs airway clearance, necessitating airway clearance techniques (ACTs) to enhance sputum mobilisation. Device-assisted ACTs are widely used in clinical practice but require further investigation regarding their effect, mode of actions and implementation in primary care. This doctoral thesis explores the effectiveness of device-assisted ACTs in patients with chronic mucus retention and examines contextual factors influencing their implementation into primary care. The first part of the thesis evaluates the efficacy and mode of action of two medical devices for airway clearance. In Chapter 4, a study on CF patients demonstrated that the mobile high-frequency chest wall oscillation (mHFCWO) device (Monarch) was as effective as traditional non-mobile HFCWO devices, promoting mucus clearance, as assessed by Functional Respiratory Imaging (FRI). Chapter 5 investigated the Aerobika oscillating Positive Expiratory Pressure (oPEP) device in COPD patients, showing that twice-daily use for 15 days increased specific airway volume and improved airflow redistribution, enhancing drug deposition and lung function. The findings confirm that these device-assisted ACTs can aid airway clearance. The second part of the thesis examines factors influencing the implementation of ACTs in primary care. Chapter 6 presents a systematic review on the cost-effectiveness of respiratory physiotherapy interventions, revealing that exercise training and physical activity generally improve quality of life and economic outcomes while being cost-effective. Chapter 7 explores general practitioners' (GPs) perspectives on non-pharmacological COPD treatments, highlighting barriers such as limited awareness, organisational challenges, and scepticism regarding effectiveness. Despite clinical guidelines recommending ACTs, GPs primarily focus on pharmacotherapy, with limited engagement in interprofessional collaboration. Chapter 9 synthesises these findings, underscoring the necessity of further research on device-assisted ACTs through large-scale trials and hybrid effectiveness-implementation designs. Recommendations include enhancing referral systems, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, integrating digital health tools, and embedding ACT-related competencies in physiotherapy and GP curricula. Addressing these challenges could facilitate the adoption of ACTs in primary care, ultimately improving outcomes for patients with chronic mucus retention.
South Asian Oceanic Belt: A Fertile Region for Super Powers’ Geopolitical Monopole Interests’ Cultivation and Marketing
Authors: Sehrish Furyal  , Dr. Muhammad Bahar Khan  , Dr. Muhammad Rizwan
Published: February 2025

Due to its strategic important location and economic and defense position whole Asia specially, South Asian region along with its Oceanic Belt is a fertile region for Super powers’ geopolitical monopoly interests’ cultivation and market because it produces raw material as well as labor power immensely. Both raw material and labor power are necessary for industrial progress and enhancement. To achieve this precious but cheap wealth, under some secret policies global powers had been playing monopoly game. This global game specially to extend the Indo-Pak mutual animosities has played a central role. Regionally, the both Pakistan and India have a lot of experiences with bitter realities. Expanding political ideologies and interests in south Asia, particularly during cold war era this interference of super powers has exploited the Asian peace and prosperity. This research article is an attempt to review the super powers geo-political role and intervention in the South Asian geopolitics.
  Key Words: Geo-global politics, strategic importance, Powers, stations Interests, global Economic Game.
Challenging Muslim Female Identity and the Conflict of Western Social Expectations and Religious Visibility: A Postcolonial Feminist View
Authors: Muhammad Asghar  , Dr. Abdul Hamid Khan
Published: February 2025

This Paper examines Muslim women's struggles with social expectations and religious identities in two novels: "The Girl in the Tangerine Scarf" by MohjaKahf and "Does My Head Look Big In This?". In the context of Muslim women's feminine identities amidst conflict due to religious visibility like Hijab in socially anticipated and demanding western settings, modern Anglophone literature is examined. Post-colonial feminist theory is used to analyse the text qualitatively through critical reading revealing literary aspects and representations that underscore Muslim women's struggles in Western countries. The research uses McKee's interpretive textual analysis, emphasising context and various interpretations as the autonomy, resilience, cultural integration, prejudice followed by identity were key words and themes in data collecting.The research revealed that Muslim women's complicated identity struggled between religious visibility and Western social expectations as in Randa Abdel-Fattah's work, the protagonist endured sleeplessness owing to the dread of wearing the headscarf in a potentially hostile situation. This internal conflict demonstrated how societal marginalisation affects Muslim women's mental health, as they must balance their religious identification with the dread of social discrimination. Additionally the conflict between cultural values and social inclusion is another important discovery as Uncle Joe's admonition to hide one's culture for social progress highlighted the conflict between cultural authenticity and social acceptability under which Muslim women and their families feel forced to sacrifice Islamic values for social and economic prospects in the diaspora. Similarly the protagonist's distress when her community is wrongly identified with Islamic radicalism showed how stereotyping affects relationships as this example demonstrated how daily micro-aggressions. On the other hand, Khadra's hijab experience in "The Girl with the Tangerine Scarf" emphasised its symbolic and emotional meaning as her resolve to wear the broken hijab showed her tenacity in keeping her cultural and religious identity despite social pressures. Along with that the ideological conflict between Islamic and Western values is concluded by Khadra's condemnation of Western individualism as her prioritisation of community over self-interest showed the basic difference in values.The research highlighted that Muslim women in Western nations struggle to preserve their religious and cultural identities despite competing social expectations. Identity negotiation is complicated by psychological stress, assimilation pressure, stereotyping and ideological disagreements while the Cultural competency, empathy and inclusive policies that recognise and accept multiple identities are needed to facilitate Muslim women's free expression.
Keywords: Identity Negotiation, Religious Visibility, Cultural Integration, Psychological Strain and Stereotyping.
The Legal Status of Guardianship in Marriage in Light of Imam Abdul Wahab Sha’rani’s “Al-Mizan al-Kubra” امام عبدا لو ہاب شعرانى رحمہ اللہ كى "المیزان الکبریٰ" كےتناظرمىں ولایت النکاح کی شرعی حیثیت
Authors: Saif Ullah Khan  , Dr. Gulzada Sherpao
Published: February 2025

Based on knowledge, experience, and concern for the family's dignity, Islam gives a family guardian the authority to step in and stop a family member from acting in a way that he believes will harm the family's reputation or cause the individual to suffer materially or spiritually. If necessary, a guardian may even use force to stop such an action. However, as there is no Islamic basis for such behavior, the guardian cannot purposefully deny the personal rights that Islam grants to individuals or place excessive limitations on their exercise. The subject of "Wilayat-ul-Nikah" (guardianship in marriage), or the requirement that a young woman's marriage require the authorization and approval of her guardian, is made clear in the Quran and Hadith. Without parental approval, a young woman is not allowed to leave her home and marry someone on her own, whether through the legal system or another method. A marriage like that would be void. A guardian's attendance, permission, and consent are necessary for a marriage to be deemed lawful. Yet, Muslims actual deviation from Islamic principles in the present has caused numerous Shariah rulings, including this one, to be overlooked. Also, some persons use a certain school of jurisprudence's equivocal position to support their deviations. In order to explain the Islamic legal state of guardianship in marriage and to clarify the Islamic legal situation of guardianship in marriage, this research article has presented the issue in an understandable way by referencing the Quran, Hadith, and the views and assertions of renowned scholars and jurists. May Allah accept this endeavor and make it beneficial for the general public. Ameen.
Keywords: Al-Sh’rani, Al-Mizan, Guardianship in Marriage
Online Multi-Function HEIs Tracking System
Authors: Redoblo Jose Leo G.
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to develop the Online Multi-function HEIs Tracking System for Carlos Hilado Memorial State College (CHMSC) four (4) campuses. The system is an online campus-wide document tracking dissemination that covers storing, viewing, retrieving, archiving, and maintaining information security. The technical features of the system include document management, document protection, sender-receiver notification, user's credential management, system audit logs, and automatic data backup. A developmental research approach using Rapi Application Development (RAD) was applied to design and create the system. A sender-receiver email notification was applied using the MUA and MTA secured connection. The system has user credential management for usernames and passwords, systems audit logs for the system's credibility, and an automatic data backup to protect data loss and future recovery. The system was evaluated using the ISO/IEC 25010:2011, Systems and Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE). The usability of the system was rated very high by thirty (30) respondents composed of the document controllers, faculty, ICT personnel, and the Record office staff of CHMSC. The study contributes to the management of documents in the four campuses of CHMSC with secured electronic data storage through the VPN method. It hastens the transactions and services and improves the operational efficiency of CHMSC Record's Office. The other neighboring institution may adopt the developed software to enhance transactions and services of their records management office. The Online Multi-Function HEIs Tracking System is the next logical step for the institution to improve efficiency in records management.
Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Quality of School Heads in the Public School System
Authors: Malaga Ronora
Published: February 2025

The paper takes into account the changing context of intelligence in educational leadership. It mainly explored and reflected on the relationship between school heads' emotional intelligence and leadership quality and their variant factors. A descriptive-correlational research design was adopted covering the randomly selected 55 public school heads in the division of Negros Occidental. The Emotional Quotient Metrics (EQM) and domain 1 of the 2010 National Competency-Based Standards for School Heads (NCBS-SH) were administered and respectively utilized to gauge emotional intelligence (EI) and leadership quality (LQ) index of the respondents. Statistical average mean, standard deviation, Mann Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis H, and regression analysis were utilized for the treatment analyses of data. The public school heads showed a high level of EI and LQ. Age and years of leadership experience resulted in a significant difference in their EI and LQ. Nevertheless, sex was inconsequential to such variation. EI and LQ were linearly correlated. Leaders with high EI subsequently demonstrated a high level of leadership quality. Understanding the value of emotional intelligence in leadership may serve as a criterion for hiring, promotion, and succession planning.
Hiligaynon as Medium of Instruction: Perspectives, Challenges, Initiatives, and Recommendations of Primary Grade Teachers
Authors: Tupaz Nicole , Berja Kaye Angela , Cabiles Queenie Ervimarie , Delos Santos Maria Dessa , Jopson Dianne , Sencil Jezza Mar , Pancho Ana Mary Ann
Published: February 2025

This study explored the perspectives, challenges, initiatives, and recommendations of primary grade teachers on using Hiligaynon as a medium of instruction. The researchers adopted a qualitative- descriptive design using the narrative inquiry approach with three purposively chosen primary grade teachers as study participants. The researchers gathered the data by conducting personal and semi-structured interviews. The interview transcripts were used to analyze the data in response to the questions raised in the study. Hiligaynon is viewed as weak, difficult, and irrelevant. The primary grade teachers made a rigorous attempt to adopt Hiligaynon as a medium of instruction; however, the lack of training and inadequacy of resources written in Hiligaynon were the leading challenges faced by the primary grade teachers. Hence, in view of the challenges faced, the primary grade teachers initiated the following: finding appropriate methods and resources, bridging the learners' first language to the second language, and adapting. On this ground, the primary grade teachers suggested that Hiligaynon may only be utilized in MTB-MLE subjects rather than in all subject areas. The Department of Education officials and school heads may jointly plan for further training and seminars to realize these aspirations.
Study Behavior of Grade Four Pupils using Modular Distance Learning
Authors: Lanosnia Karen Mae , Monge Harvey , Olate Mary Pel , Palomaria Cris , Suarez Rhey Anthony , Pancho Ana Marry Ann
Published: February 2025

To meet the needs of the students learning during the pandemic, the Department of Education (DepEd) has implemented modular distance learning as one of its learning modalities. Consequently, the new modality caused learners in the primary grades to adjust their study habits and behavior. This research aimed to determine the study behavior of grade four pupils of an elementary school using modular distance learning. The study used a descriptive survey research design with 142 randomly selected respondents. The data were gathered using the validated and reliability-tested questionnaire. Mean, standard deviation, and Mann-Whitney U test were the descriptive and inferential statistics used for the treatment analysis. The findings revealed a moderately positive study behavior of grade four pupils. There was no significant difference in the study behavior of grade four pupils in terms of time spent studying and dealing with class work when grouped and compared according to sex, average family income, and residence. A similar result occurs in the quality of output submission when grouped according to sex and residence. There was a significant difference in the study behavior of grade four pupils in terms of quality of output submission when grouped and compared according to average family income. The study findings imply the need to re-visit of the ongoing implementation of modular distance learning with a particular focus on students belonging to poor income.
TARGET TRACKING IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL COORDINATES BY COMBINING RADAR AND IRST DATA
Authors: Salimi Karim
Published: February 2025

Since the tracking of moving targets is a vital issue in military and civilian applications, aerospace industries are always looking for accurate, low-error, computationally light, and uncomplicated algorithms for target tracking. Today, most modern military systems are equipped with various sensors. The ideal operation of such sensors helps to realize target tracking. Due to the nature of the sensor system and the types of noises, one kind of sensor alone cannot be ideally used in target tracking. As a result, several different sensors are used in new systems for tracking. Radar systems are usually used to measure the angle and range of targets. Although they measure the range with high accuracy, radar systems cannot measure the target angle with proper accuracy. On the other hand, IRST data can measure the target angle with high accuracy and determine the direction of the target completely, but they do not provide special information about the target range. Providing a structure to integrate the information of these sensors facilitates the exact location of the target and also tracks the change of the target location. In this study, various structures for target tracking in 3D coordinates have been presented by combining radar data and IRST data. The results of target tracking with radar or IRST are very weak compared to the combination of radar and IRST. The performance of the SVF algorithm is favorable in terms of calculation speed and implementation complexity, as expected. Also, IRST-based tracking alone is expected to require less time and subsequently show poorer performance.
THE EFFECT OF PREBIOTICS AND LACTOBACILLUS ACIDOPHILUS ON THE FATTY ACID PROFILE OF DOOGH
Authors: Salehi S.
Published: February 2025

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of optimism skills on the emotional exhaustion of upper high school students in the Iranian city of Ashkezar. This study fell under quasi-experimental research and employed an experimental and a control group. The study also had an applied goal, and data was collected descriptively using the library method and a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of 472 students (380 girls and 92 boys) studying at the upper high schools of Ashkezar City in the academic year 2023 to 2024. The sampling method was the random cluster method, and two schools were selected, each involving 50 people (a total of 100 people). The Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire was also administered to them. Out of the 100 people, 40 people who had scored less in class behavior management were selected as the sample. The experimental group received optimism skills training but the control group did not. Findings showed that there was no significant difference in the two groups of students’ emotional exhaustion in the pre-test stage; however, the post-test intervention noted that administering optimism skills to the experimental group had effectively reduced their emotional exhaustion.
EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY WITH A FOCUS ON THE ROLE OF BLOCKCHAIN AND CRYPTOCURRENCY IN IMPROVING ACCESS TO BANK CREDIT
Authors: Ahmadzadeh Seyed Ali
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the impact of digitalization on corporate sustainability, with an emphasis on the role of blockchain and cryptocurrency in improving access to bank credit. In today's world, digitalization has emerged as a key driving force in transforming business models and financial processes. Blockchain, as an innovative technology, enhances transparency and security in financial transactions and significantly reduces financing costs by minimizing the need for intermediaries. These features help financial institutions make better credit allocation decisions and provide companies with easier access to financial resources.
On the other hand, cryptocurrencies, by offering fast and low-cost solutions for transactions, enable companies to access new markets and a broader customer base. This trend not only improves access to bank credit but also enhances companies' ability to compete in global markets.
The findings of this study indicate that digitalization, particularly through blockchain and cryptocurrencies, can act as a key driver for increasing corporate sustainability and fostering sustainable growth. These advancements benefit not only companies but also the broader economy by contributing to the development of a more efficient and sustainable financial ecosystem. Ultimately, this paper emphasizes the importance of adopting innovative technologies to enhance corporate sustainability and improve access to bank credit.
MAX WEBER'S METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM OF VALUES IN HIS PROJECT OF OBJECTIVITY IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES
Authors: Shamsi Ali
Published: February 2025

The problem of values in the methodology of social sciences has always been one of the most challenging subjects because of its relevance to human actions and various cultures. Weber tries to make the path to achieving objectivity in the social sciences smooth and reliable for the social scientist by accepting values before the research and using elements such as value relations and the principle of selection. However, this has led to critical discussions by commentators. This research has attempted to correctly interpret and examine Weber's approach, which is to achieve a social science with the criterion of objectivity. We have also tried to show that the project of objectivity for Weber in the social sciences does not follow a smooth path at all. Thus, we will also witness criticisms from commentators, but all this does not diminish the importance of Weber's methodology and his intellectual effort as one of the pioneers of the philosophy of social sciences to solve the problems surrounding values and to achieve objectivity in the social sciences.
JAMIYATDA AXBOROT XAVFSIZLIGINI TA’MINLASHNING MA’NAVIY OMILLARI
Authors: Imamova Umida
Published: February 2025

This articlе discussеs thе sеcurity of information that thrеatеns sociеty today, its nеgativе impact on thе minds of young pеoplе, thе rolе of govеrnmеnt agеnciеs in еnsuring information sеcurity and thе moral factors of information sеcurity.
ТОШКEНТ ВИЛОЯТИДА АВТОМОБИЛЬ ТРАНСПОРТИ ТИЗИМИНИНГ ЙЎЛГА ҚЎЙИЛИШ ТАРИХИ (1945-1990)
Authors: Саидусманов Бахром
Published: February 2025

Today, the transport system occupies a special place in the world market. It is a natural, service, and an important factor in economic stability. From the very first days of the establishment of Soviet power, the issue of managing the economy and eliminating private property was set as the most important task.
The Impact of Employees' Cultural Intelligence on Hospital Organizational Culture
Authors: Ekram Yawar Mohammad , Qurban Hakimi Mohammad
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective: Organizational culture, as an important and fundamental part of an organization, affects all aspects of the organization, including goal setting, strategy, individual behavior, organizational performance, motivation and job satisfaction, creativity and innovation, the level of employee participation in matters, and the like, so that successful organizations have a strong and effective organizational culture.
Meanwhile, employees' enjoyment of cultural intelligence plays a significant role in strengthening organizational culture, and the relationship between these two variables has not yet been studied in hospitals in the country. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and its dimensions with organizational culture in Shahid Madani Hospital in Khorramabad.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study. The statistical population studied in this study is all employees of Shahid Madani Hospital in Khorramabad. Accordingly, 160 employees were selected by random sampling using the Morgan table. Ang and Denison questionnaires were used to measure cultural intelligence and organizational culture, respectively, and finally the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and SPSS 26 and LISREL software.
Findings: The research findings showed that the relationship between cultural intelligence and its dimensions with organizational culture is significant. Among the dimensions of cultural intelligence, the cultural dimension has a stronger correlation with organizational culture with a coefficient of 0.65.
Ethical considerations: All matters related to the informed consent of the participants in the study to fill out the questionnaire and the confidentiality of the responses were taken into account.
Conclusion: The results showed that the ability of cultural intelligence to understand cultural factors outside the organization and to identify internal strengths and weaknesses is important. Therefore, considering the acquired nature of this ability, it is suggested that cultural intelligence be increased among hospital staff through formal training.
This requires that individuals be aware of the characteristics of other cultures and, by reviewing their own cultural knowledge, provide the context for extensive interactions between other cultures.
Síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de nuevo ingreso
Authors: Chacón Andrade Edgardo René , Lobos-Rivera Marlon Elías , Gómez Gómez Natalie , Calito Palacios Robson Alexis
Published: February 2025

Los eventos suscitados durante la pandemia por COVID-19 han modificado la vida de los estudiantes (Ticona-Mamani et al., 20x21). La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y la Organización Mundial de la salud (OMS) (OPS/OMS, 2022) expresan que la prevalencia de depresión y ansiedad aumentó en un 25 %, por lo que es de suma importancia evaluar los niveles de depresión,ansiedad y estrés en los alumnos universitarios de nuevo ingreso. Para la OMS, los trastornos depresivos se identifican por tristeza principalmente. La depresión es considerada por la OMS como la principal causa de discapacidad en el mundo y cuya prevalencia afecta más a las mujeres que a los hombres. Para la OMS, los trastornos de ansiedad se consideran un grupo de trastornos mentales distinguidos por sentimientos de ansiedad y miedo.
Estabilidad en el empleo, flexibilidad de los salarios reales y perturbaciones de demanda y de oferta en el mercado de trabajo
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Gutiérrez María José , Vázquez Jesús ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

En este artículo analizamos la importancia que tiene la flexibilidad salarial como instrumento para garantizar una mayor estabilidad en el empleo, cuando el mercado de trabajo puede verse afectado tanto por shocks en la productividad como por shocks en las preferencias. En general, los resultados obtenidos confirman nuestra intuición inicial en el sentido de que la estabilidad en el empleo es mayor en el caso de flexibilidad salarial que en el caso de rigidez salarial debido a que en el último caso el peso del ajuste asociado a los shocks recae enteramente sobre el empleo, mientras que en el primero el peso del ajuste se reparte entre los salarios y el empleo.
Participación en beneficios y política pública
Authors:   Universidad de Rutges, Kruse Dougles
Published: February 2025

Las fórmulas de participación en beneficios se revelan como un instrumento de remuneración con un potencial significativo para mejorar los resultados tanto macroeconómicos como microeconómicos. El potencial macroeconómico está basado en la teoría de la "economía del reparto", que tiene como máximo exponente a M. Weitzman, y según la cual el reparto de beneficios conduce a un menor desempleo y a una mayor estabilidad económica en general. El potencial microeconómico se basa en la teoría de que los incentivos de grupo pueden dar lugar a un incremento de la producción y de la calidad al estimular el esfuerzo de los trabajadores, la cooperación y el intercambio de ideas e información. El presente artículo analiza brevemente la evidencia empírica en torno a ambas teorías, así como la justificación de una política pública en esta materia.
Las formas de cooperación del trabajo en Quebec
Authors:   Universidad de Laval, Comeau Yvan , Lévesque Benoit ,   Universidad de Quebec
Published: February 2025

Este artículo presenta las dos formas de cooperación de trabajo que existen en Quebec: las cooperativas de trabajo y las cooperativas de trabajadores accionistas (CTA). Poco conocidas, las CTA son totalmente originales, puesto que agrupan a trabajadores que poseen colectivamente un cierto número de acciones en la empresa donde trabajan. Las CTA se encuentran, sobre todo, entre las pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector manufacturero que esperan así hacerse más competitivas. Al igual que las cooperativas de trabajo, las CTA han proliferado gracias a la intervención del Estado y de los "grupos-asesores". Sin embargo, comportan reglas que ofrecen a los socios menos poder que las cooperativas de trabajo.
Aproximación a la economía social en Euskal Herria. Presente y retos de futuro
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Bakaikoa Baleren , Errasti Angel ,   Universidad del País Vasco, Mendizabal Antxon ,   Universidad del País Vasco
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo aborda la situación actual, problemática y retos de las empresas de economía social de la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco y Navarra. El objeto del estudio no es la Economía Social en su más amplio sentido, sino que se limita a las Sociedades Anónimas Laborales y a las Cooperativas de Trabajo Asociado, entre las que Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa (MCC), con una facturación cercana al medio billón de pesetas y 26.000 empleos, ocupa un lugar de primera magnitud.
Innovación de productos y procesos en la pequeña empresa: evidencia empírica del mezzogiorno italiano
Authors:   CERIS-CNR, Calabrese Giuseppe , Rolfo Secondo ,   CERIS-CNR
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza los resultados de una investigación sobre la actitud innovativa de una muestra de 1.000 empresas del sur de Italia. El análisis por tipo de innovación muestra una considerable tendencia de estas empresas (con menos de 100 empleados) hacia la innovación. Esta tendencia es mayor en el caso de innovaciones tradicionales y más limitada cuando se trata de innovaciones más sofisticadas. Para explorar las causas de estas diferencias hemos empleado el modelo Logit, que correlaciona diferentes tipos de innovación con una serie de variables que se consideran explicativas. Los resultados muestran que los factores que afectan positiva o negativamente al proceso innovador varían de acuerdo con el nivel tecnológico de cada innovación y con las respectivas implicaciones organizativas y de gestión.
ENSINAR MATEMÁTICA PARA ALUNOS COM MICROCEFALIA: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Azevedo Rogério Lopes , Pereira Daniele de Sousa , Alves Edsangela Gosler Casciano , Guimarães Edivino Pablo , Freitas Eliene Barbosa do Nascimento de , Pidgurnei Eva , Medeiros Jeferson Soares , Santos José Anselmo de Jesus , Santos Queila Pereira , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

The article "Teaching Mathematics to Students with Microcephaly: Challenges and  Opportunities" addresses the complexity of teaching mathematics to children with microcephaly,  a condition that can affect cognitive and motor development. The aim of the work is to explore effective pedagogical strategies that promote meaningful and inclusive learning. The method used  includes individualized assessment of students' skills, setting realistic goals, using concrete  materials, and implementing a multisensory approach. The results indicate that direct observation,  communication with parents and caregivers, and the use of manipulatives and visual resources are  fundamental for identifying students' needs. Additionally, adapting content and using assistive  technologies proved effective in facilitating learning. The article concludes that collaboration  among educators, health professionals, and families is essential to ensure that students with  microcephaly have access to quality education. The research emphasizes the importance of an inclusive learning environment that values diversity and promotes acceptance, allowing all  students to develop their mathematical skills equitably. 

Keywords: Microcephaly. Inclusive education. Pedagogical strategies. Meaningful learning.  Accessibility.