bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Mechanism of Siweixizangmaoru Decoction in Improving CIA-Induced Arthritis in Rats Based on Network Pharmacology
and Experimental Verification
Authors: Niu Yanfei , Yuan Yanxiang , Wang Tong , Yuan Ruiying , Zhang Min , Wang Sicen , Tsering Dikye , Huang Shan , Li Bin
Published: September 2024

Background:

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a
complex etiology. Siweixizangmaoru Decoction (SXD) has been used to treat RA in Tibet for a
long history as a classic Tibetan medicine formula. However, the potential pharmacological
mechanism has not been elucidated yet.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of action of SXD in the
treatment of RA using network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis.

Method:

Network pharmacology was employed to identify the potential bioactive components
and key targets of SXD for the treatment of RA. Molecular docking of key targets and potential
compounds was conducted. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to validate
the predicted active components of SXD. We established a rat model of RA and evaluated the
histopathology of each group of rats. In addition, the levels of inflammatory factors in serum and
the expression levels of PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathway-related proteins in synovial tissue were
detected.

Results:

The results of network pharmacological analyses indicated that apigenin, rhamnolipids,
kaempferol, quercetin, and naringenin are potential bioactive components of SXD for the treatment
of rheumatoid arthritis and that their therapeutic effects may be related to the PI3K-Akt
and MAPK pathways. The results of in vivo experiments show that SXD improved the arthritis
index, significantly reduced joint swelling, and improved synovial inflammation and cartilage
destruction.

Conclusion:

Network pharmacology, along with experimental validation, provided a useful approach
for understanding the pharmacological mechanism of Siweixizangmaoru decoction in
RA.
Ferulic Acid Regulates GSDMD through the ROS/JNK/Bax Mitochondrial Apoptosis Pathway to Induce Pyroptosis in Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Xingchen , Zhang Xin , Mi Lida , Zhang Hailin , Shi Woda
Published: September 2024

Background:

To improve the prognosis outcome of lung cancer patients, more investigations
are still needed. Previous reports have demonstrated the function of Ferulic Acid (FA)
in lung cancer; thus, we have attempted to probe more molecular mechanisms underlying FA
application in lung cancer.

Methods:

CCK8 and colony formation experiments have been employed to explore cell viability
and proliferation. Cell apoptosis was evaluated through flow cytometry. Cell morphology was
observed with a microscope. MMP was assessed by JC-1 and LDH activity was evaluated by
relative kit. Western blot assays were performed to examine the expression levels of GSDMD,
GSDMD-N, caspase family proteins, and ROS/JNK/Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway
downstream proteins. Flow cytometry analysis also measured the level of ROS. Tissues from
animal models were taken for IHC analysis of C-caspase-1.

Results:

FA was found to inhibit proliferation, change cell morphology, decrease MMP, and
enhance LDH activity, suggesting its ability to induce pyroptosis of lung cancer cells. Both
caspase-1 and GSDMD were found to be involved in the pyroptosis of lung cancer cells treated
with FA, and caspase-1 mediated GSDMD. Moreover, FA was validated to regulate pyroptosis
by ROS/JNK/Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:

In summary, FA regulates GSDMD through ROS/JNK/Bax mitochondrial apoptosis
pathway to induce pyroptosis in lung cancer cells, which may offer a theoretical basis for
pyroptosis in the occurrence of lung cancer.
Lignin Nanoparticles as pH-responsive Nanocarriers for Gastric-Irritant Oral Drug Aspirin
Authors: Aquib Tahmidul Islam , Hoque Sheikh Manjura , Uddin Mohammad Helal
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Although lignin is one of the most naturally abundant biopolymers, the
overall status of its utilization has long been subpar. The ability of Lignin to readily self-assemble
into nanoparticles, along with its good biocompatibility and minimal toxicity, makes it a perfect agent
for nanocarriers and drug delivery.

Method:

Hence, in this study, we have attempted to examine lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) as an efficient
pH-responsive nanocarrier for gastric-irritant oral NSAID, aspirin. Alkali lignin (AL) was extracted
from rice straw via alkaline treatment, and the lignin nanoparticles were synthesized from
lignin using the acid precipitation method. The average particle size was 201.37 ± 1.20 nm, and the
synthesized LNPs exhibited a spherical shape and smooth outer surface along with high polydispersity
(PDI= 0.284 ± 0.012). The LNPs showed moderate hemocompatibility during in vitro hemolysis
studies. The nanoparticles presented nearly similar chemical structures to the AL from which they
were developed, and the FT-IR absorption spectra confirmed the similarity of this chemical structure
to the LNPs and AL. Aspirin was successfully loaded into the LNPs with a satisfactory drug loading
value of 39.12 ± 1.50 and an excellent encapsulation efficiency value of 91.44 ± 0.59.

Results:

Finally, the LNPs were capable of protecting the loaded drug at the acidic pH of the stomach
(1.2) with just 29.20% release of the loaded aspirin after 10 h of observation in vitro. Contrarily, the
LNPs were capable of rapidly releasing the aspirin at the basic pH of the intestine (7.4) with nearly
90% release of the loaded drug after 10 h observation in vitro. The basic pH of the intestine might
lead to gradual dissociation of the LNPs followed by swift release of the loaded cargo.

Conclusion:

These findings substantiate that the LNPs carry the potential to be an apt and safe
nanocarrier for oral drugs like aspirin as well as parenteral drugs, and LNPs can be utilized as an
efficient alternative to enteric coating.
Exploring the Confluence of Animal Medicine and its Implications for
Human Health: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Dunn Josie , Schifano Fabrizio , Dudley Ed , Guirguis Amira
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The abuse of veterinary drugs has emerged as a concerning trend, with
global fatalities on the rise. Our understanding of this phenomenon remains limited. This study aims
to identify the veterinary drugs being misused, the reasons behind their misuse, and how they are obtained.

Methods:

Utilising PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, along with related grey literature,
we applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA)
framework for data collection. Screening and cross-referencing yielded 66 relevant articles, encompassing
case reports, surveys, reports, and systemic literature reviews. The analysis identified 28
distinct veterinary drugs being misused in humans, primarily falling into categories, e.g., α-2- and
β-2-adrenergic receptor agonists, GABAergic receptor modulators, opioid receptor agonists, nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists.
These drugs were used for various purposes, including recreational use, weight loss, bodybuilding,
pain relief, and self-medication for stress-related symptoms.

Results:

Routes of administration predominantly included parenteral, oral, and inhalation methods.
Veterinary workers/assistants and individuals connected to animals were identified as contributors to
the misuse of these medications. Motivations for their utilisation ranged from affordability and accessibility
to the ease of obtaining multiple prescriptions from various veterinary sources, often in
conjunction with other illicit substances. Dependence and addiction were common outcomes of the
misuse of veterinary medicines by humans.

Conclusion:

Overall, this systematic review underscores the increasing popularity of veterinary prescription
drug misuse despite being under-reported with limited available data. Healthcare professionals
are urged to remain vigilant to potential overdose events involving these medications.
The Relationship between Using Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors with Mortality of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zadeh Reza Faramarz , Masoumi Shahab , Jafari Negar , Rabori Venus Shahabi , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid
Published: September 2024

Background:

Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is a highly prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated
with increased mortality in affected persons. Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs)
have been suggested as potential therapeutic agents for cardiovascular and renal diseases.

Objectives:

However, the relationship between RASIs and mortality in AFib patients remains
uncertain. Therefore, the present study was designed and implemented for this purpose.

Methods:

We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science (WOS), Cochrane Library,
and Scopus databases for studies published until 12 February 2024 with relevant keywords.
We included studies that reported mortality outcomes in AFib patients treated with RASIs
and non-users. The data extraction and quality assessment processes were conducted, and
subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were done. The data were analyzed by Stata 15 using
statistical tests, such as Chi-square and I2 tests.

Results:

A total of 15 studies (2007-2024; n=2,178,565 patients) examined the association between
RASI drugs and mortality of patients with AFib. The results indicated that compared to
the control group, the odds of AFib mortality in the group receiving RASIs were equal to
0.81(95% CI: 0.71-0.92; P-value ≤0.001). The study results did not indicate publication bias (Pvalue=
0.733). During the meta-regression analysis, none of the study variables demonstrated a
significant relationship with the observed heterogeneity (P-value > 0.20). Cumulative OR results
showed that from 2022 onwards, there was enough evidence to confirm the relationship using
RASIs with mortality of patients with AFib.

Conclusion:

Therefore, this meta-analysis suggests that the use of RASI drugs is associated with
reduced AFib mortality. However, the authors emphasize the need for further high-quality studies
and large-scale randomized clinical trials to validate these findings.
Quantifying Soluble Glucose in Selected Fruits from West Bengal's (India) Local Markets to Enhance Dietary Knowledge
Authors: Hushneara Syed , Roychowdhury Prasun , Chatterjee Moumita , Goswami Swagata , Saha Sneha , Lahiri Shibani
Published: September 2024

Introduction/Objective:

A fruit, the soft, pulpy part of a flowering plant, is abundant in essential nutrients like fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds. It provides macronutrients such as carbohydrates and energy while being low in protein and lipids. Health authorities advocate a minimum daily intake of five servings of fruits and vegetables for a balanced diet. Fruits contain simple sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose, which are essential for regulating blood sugar levels and supporting brain function. However, excessive sugar consumption can be harmful in certain health conditions. This highlights the importance of accurately estimating glucose content in fruits for the field of nutrition science.

Methods:

In this study, a total of 42 fruit samples from 20 groups were collected from local markets in West Bengal, India, to measure glucose levels using the GOD-POD method.

Results:

Results revealed the top five fruits highest in glucose: green grapes (54.12 ± 5.82 mg/g), java apple (green jamrul: 47.25 ± 8.23 mg/g), red grapes (44.75 ± 5.23 mg/g), Zahedi dates (43.88 ± 3.25 mg/g), and Medjool dates (43.48 ± 3.87 mg/g). Conversely, the five fruits lowest in glucose were Indian gooseberry (amla: 0.84 ± 0.21 mg/g), Bengal currant (koromcha: 1.24 ± 0.15 mg/g), gondhoraj lemon (2.62 ± 0.25 mg/g), himsagar mango (3.46 ± 0.81 mg/g), and pearafuli mango (5.5 ± 0.52 mg/g).

Conclusion:

This study aims to contribute to the development of a comprehensive database on fruit glucose content. Fruits with lower glucose levels are beneficial for diabetic patients, obese individuals, and others, whereas those with higher glucose levels are not recommended for dia-betics but are suitable for athletes and malnourished individuals.
Emerging Role of Ferrite Nanostructures for the Remediation of Environmental Pollution
Authors: Goyal Ankita , Dhiman Manisha
Published: September 2024

An enormous growth in the concentration of various poisons and pollutants
in the environment has resulted from the ongoing expansion of industrial, agricultural,
and urban activities. So, environmental remediation should be given equal attention to
scientific efforts in the fields of industrial and technological developments. When it
comes to the adsorption and desorption of several environmental contaminants,
magnetic nanoparticles have proven to be superior to other contenders. Ferrites, among
other magnetic nanoparticles, have gained attention as viable options for environmental
cleanup because of their tiny size, high surface to volume ratios, superior catalytic
capabilities, strong magnetic properties, and favourable optical characteristics.
Additionally, ferrites have demonstrated the ease with which their structural,
morphological, magnetic, and optical properties may be tailored, and these changes
have further improved the effectiveness of pollution removal. Additionally, formation
of composites of ferrites with different materials such as CNTs, graphene, rGO,
cellulose, TiO2
, ZnO etc. has also led to enhancement in the catalytic properties. The
role of pure and modified ferrites in eliminating different poisons and pollutants from
the environment, as well as their possible uses in environmental remediation, are
thoroughly discussed in this chapter.
Cellulose-Based Nanomaterials (Nanobioadsorbents) for Recovery of Valuable Metals from Wastewater: A Review
Authors: Barman Sanmitra , Bera Sambhunath , Javid Mehreen
Published: September 2024

In recent times, water pollution has become an issue of major concern.
Various materials and techniques have been adopted for the purification of water.
Among many, cellulose-based nanomaterials have gained valuable use in water
remediation processes. These cellulose-based materials are highly biocompatible,
abundantly available natural biopolymers and enjoy the advantage of containing many
functional groups. The functional groups attached to cellulose biopolymers ensure their
capability of modification with various nanoparticles like silver (Ag), graphene oxide
(GO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. These can then be easily applied for the
remediation of wastewater by removing pollutants like organic dyes, microbial species,
various drugs and heavy metal ions as well. In this chapter designing of various
cellulose-based nano-materials has been discussed for the extraction of valuable metals
from various wastewater. Mainly static and dynamic absorption processes through
cellulose-based nano-materials have been also explained. Adsorption by various
chemical transformations such as reduction, chelation and electrostatic interaction are
discussed for the extraction of various metals from different wastewater sources.
Lastly, composite systems consisting of cellulose and metal oxide nanoparticles have
been reviewed for the extraction of rare earth metals from the mining industry. Metals
from the recycling of battery and semiconductor devices that mostly constitute noble
metals and rare earth elements are also discussed in this chapter.
CENTRAL VERTIGO DUE TO ISCHEMIC STROKE IN A YOUNG WOMAN: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Salsabila Tamara Amanda , Wirathmawati Andina
Published: September 2024

Background: Vertigo is a symptom that patients often complain about. Vertigo is divided into peripheral and central. One of the causes of central vertigo is ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke generally occurs in elderly people, but in recent years there has been an increase cases in young people. In addition, the prevalence of stroke is more common in men than women, but recently there has been an increase cases in women. Case summary: A 25-year-old woman presented with sudden vertigo. Physical examination revealed obesity, bidirectional horizontal and vertical nystagmus, left hemiparesis, and hemihypesthesia. Head CT scan showed lacunar infarction in the right basal ganglia and periventricular. The patient was given antiplatelet and vertigo management. Conclusion: Vertigo should be differentiated between peripheral or central vertigo at the emergency department, as it will determine further management. Stroke can occur in young women. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to think about the diagnosis of stroke in patients with vertigo that occur in young women.
SECONDARY TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA FROM ACOUSTIC NEUROMA : A CASE REPORT
Authors: Pinzon Rizaldy Taslim , Maharani Regina Vika
Published: September 2024

There are varying reports of 6 to 16% of patients with symptoms similar to trigeminal neuralgia having intracranial tumors. Acoustic neuromas are benign cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors that are most frequently responsible for TN-like symptoms. It has been claimed that magnetic resonance imaging can detect brain tumors with great accuracy (92% to 93%). We describe a case of an adult male patient who had trigeminal neuralgia and temporomandibular dysfunction, which were cured; nonetheless, an acoustic neuroma in the CPA was later discovered.
EVALUATION OF DEPRESSION FREQUENCY AND ITS EFFECT ON PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS TREATED FOR ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE
Authors: Aslan Işıl Kalyoncu , Akpinar Ahmet , Salt Irmak
Published: September 2024

Background: Stroke is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Although mortality and morbidity rates decrease with mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolytic treatments in suitable patients, post-stroke depression may develop in these patients. Poststroke depression occurs in approximately 30% of patients with stroke and is associated with poor prognosis and quality of life. Objective: Depression is a common complication that leads to dysfunction even years after a stroke. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of depression, determine the risk factors, the relationship between the infarct localization and stroke severity in patients who underwent acute ischemic stroke treatment (intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) and/or endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT)). Methods: In this prospective study, 230 patients older than 18 years of age who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke between 2021-2022 and treated for acute ischemic stroke were evaluated. Patient characteristics such as age, gender, education level, stroke risk factors, infarct localization were noted in the first month follow up outpatient clinic as well as their Modified Rankin Score (MRS), National Health Institutes Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Beck Depression Scale (BDI). Results: There was a statistically significant difference in age groups compared to BDI values (x2=10.215, p=0.037). A statistically significant difference was found between BDI levels and MRS (x2=21.177, p<0.001) and BDI score and NIHSS (x2=28.074, p<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between education levels and MRS values (x2=17.147, p=0.002) and NIHSS scores(x2=14.715, p=0.005). Conclusion: Whereas disability can lead to depression, depression is one of the leading causes of disability. Despite the benefit of acute stroke treatments, they are ineffective in preventing post-stroke depression and subsequent disability. Therefore identification, and prevention of risk factors and early treatment of depression are necessary to effectively prevent morbidity.
THE EFFECT OF DRY NEEDLING THERAPY ON MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Dwita , Sutama I Komang Reno , Widyadharma I Putu Eka
Published: September 2024

Background: One of the nonpharmacological management that can currently be used to treat Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is dry needling (DN). Dry needling is a pain intervention technique by inserting a solid needle into the skin to stimulate myofascial trigger points (TrPs). In a previous study conducted at Central Hospital in Bali, DN was shown to reduce pain and oral analgetic usage in patients with upper trapezius muscle MTrPs, but the effect of DN on overall life quality (such as sleep quality and depression) is still lacking. Objective: This research was conducted to find out whether there was an improvement in pain scale, depression and quality of sleep of health employees in Sanglah Hospital who experienced myofascial pain syndrome after dry needling therapy. Methods: an observational experimental design, which compares the difference of the Numerical Pain rating score, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and Hamilton Depression Scale before and after DN. The study used a consecutive sampling method to reach the designated sample size. Results: A total of 53 samples followed the entire series of studies. The mean difference between NPRS before DN and after DN showed a significant result of p= 0.00 (<0.05), but in the aspect of PSQI and HDS no statistical difference. Conclusion: There is a trend of improvement in the quality of life after DN from pain scale, mood condition and sleep quality. However, this research still cannot show a link between DN therapy with depressive disorders and sleep quality.
VASCULAR PARKINSONISM WITH EARLY COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Indah Carolin Tiara Lestari , Tini Kumara , Susilawathi Ni Made , Wijayanti Ida Ayu Sri , Mahadewi Ni Putu Ayu Putri , Pramaswari Anak Ayu Agung , Aribawa I Gusti Ngurah Mahaalit , Dewi Putu Utami , Kumbara Cokorda Istri Yuliandari Krisnawardhani
Published: September 2024

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon condition of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis with a varied clinical presentation that can be diagnostically challenging. Intravenous heparin is the optimal immediate anticoagulant according to the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) guideline 2017. This report aims to describe highly suspicious CVST clinical features and suggest a diagnostic algorithm based on two cases of CVST found in our center. The first case is a 52-year-old man who presented with serial seizures preceded by subacute headache and diparesis. Non-contrast head CT (NCCT) showed multifocal haemorrhages and cord signs. The second case is a 19-year-old woman who presented with slowly decreased consciousness, headache, and a history of upper respiratory infection. Diffuse cerebral edema was revealed in NCCT. Both of these patients had thrombosis in superior sagittal sinus, right transverse, and sigmoid sinus. Heparinization was conducted and continued with rivaroxaban with a good response. CVST is rare case and often unrecognized; since it has serious complications, early diagnosis and treatment improve prognosis and survival.
Evaluation of Drug and Herbal Medicinal Promotions on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to World Health Organization Ethical Criteria and South African Health Products Regulatory Authority Guidelines in South Africa: Cross-Sectional Content Analysis
Authors: Chimukuche Rujeko Samanthia , Ndlazi Julia , Mtolo Lucky Thembani , Bird Kristien , Seeley Janet
Published: September 2024

Background

Consideration of ethics in the promotion of medications is essential to safeguard the health of consumers, particularly during health crises. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA) have established stringent standards to ensure the integrity of pharmaceutical promotions and safeguard public health, including advertisements on the internet and social media platforms. However, the dynamic nature of online advertising poses challenges for monitoring and enforcing ethical standards.

Objective

The study aimed (1) to examine the COVID-19 drug and medicinal promotions across online platforms and social media from 2020 to 2022 in South Africa and (2) to ensure that drug promotions adhere to ethical guidelines outlined by the WHO and SAPHRA.

Methods

A cross-sectional content analysis was conducted to assess drug and medicinal advertisements across various internet and social media platforms. A systematic approach was used to identify and analyze promotional content, focusing on adherence to ethical guidelines outlined by WHO and SAPHRA. Data were collected and analyzed to determine the extent of compliance and identify any potential violations or areas for improvement.

Results

A total of 14 online drug advertisements were included in this analysis. Our findings show that most of the drugs advertised did not meet the regulations and guidelines provided by WHO and SAHPRA. There were omissions about active ingredients, proprietary names, adverse drug responses, precautions, and overdosage and adverse drug reactions. Traditional medicines were not fully consistent with the approved WHO ethical criteria data sheet.

Conclusions

Our analysis highlights the critical importance of ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines in drug promotions on the internet and social media platforms. There is a need for continued vigilance and enforcement efforts to uphold ethical standards and protect the health of the public. Ongoing monitoring and collaboration between national drug regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and online platforms will be essential for promoting responsible advertising. In addition, safety monitoring and pharmacovigilance systems for herbal medicinal products are yet to be established.
Design and Psychometrics Properties of Postpartum Sexual and Reproductive Health Questionnaire: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Behboodi Moghadam Jr Zahra
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The researchers decided to develop a questionnaire to investigate mothers’ sexual and reproductive health during this period by investigating the understanding of women of the concept of sexual and reproductive health.

OBJECTIVE

Explaining the concept of sexual and reproductive health in women in the postpartum period

METHODS

This research will be conducted using a sequential exploratory combination design with the aim of classical instrument design. The study will be done in 2 stages. The first stage will include the evaluation and investigation of women's understanding of the concept of sexual health and fertility in the postpartum period. To this end, a qualitative study will be performed using a conventional content analysis approach and in-depth, semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The target population will include women in the first 6 weeks to 12 months after giving birth who refer to health centers in Ilam City (if necessary, some of these women's spouses or nurses can also be interviewed). In the second stage, using the results of the qualitative section and literature review, the evaluation of the criteria will be done to complete the items, and finally, the items of the new questionnaire will be determined.

RESULTS

Most of the existing questionnaires are either general tools for examining sexual and reproductive health or questionnaires for investigating sexual performance. As a result, sexual and reproductive health during the postpartum period has been neglected. So far, no study has been dedicated to specifically explaining women’s understanding of the concept of sexual and reproductive health in the postpartum period or to developing a tool to evaluate this aspect of women’s health based on the obtained results.

CONCLUSIONS

It is expected that by using the findings obtained from the first stage of this study, it would be possible to design a tool that can specifically examine sexual and reproductive health in the postpartum period.
Aspek yang Berperan pada KinerjaPengelolaan Keuangan Desa dan Perkembangan Status Desa (Studi pada Desa Nusapati dan Desa Peniraman Kabupaten Mempawah)
Authors: Pramita Heta Agus , Akbar Rusdi
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bukti-bukti empiris tentang aspek yang memengaruhi pengambilan putusan dalampengelolaan keuangan desa berdasarkan status perkembangan desa. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga ingin mengetahui eksistensi tekanan isomorfik yang diduga memengaruhi perilaku aparatur desa dalam menjalankan pemerintahan desa. Objek penelitian ini adalah Desa Nusapati dan Desa Peniraman Kec.Sungai Pinyuh Kabupaten Mempawah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah kepala desa beserta perangkat desa yang terlibat secara langsung dalam proses pengelolaan keuangan desa serta pejabat yang bertanggung jawab membidangi desa pada dinas terkait. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data utama didapatkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap partisipan untuk selanjutnya ditindaklanjuti kesesuaiannya dengan data dari dokumen yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan status desa tidak memengaruhi pemerintah desa dalam melakukan pengelolaan keuangan desa. Program dan kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam pengelolaan keuangan desa dilaksanakan berdasarkan kebutuhan masyarakat yang diperoleh dari hasil musyawarah desa. Peneliti juga menemukan eksistensi isomorfisma kelembagaan pada pemerintah desa yang memengaruhi perilaku aparatur desa dalam menentukan dan melaksanakan kegiatan pengelolaan keuangan desa.
Analisis Pengelolaan Layanan Publik Dengan Metode Private Finance Initiative (PFI) dan Swakelola pada Proyek yang Identik. (Studi kasus: Pengelolaan Terminal Parkir Elektronik Dinas Perhubungan Provinsi DKI Jakarta)
Authors: Siagian Chris Lentina , Buanaputra Vogy Gautama
Published: September 2024

New public management memiliki pandangan bahwa manajemen yang dilakukan sektor privat lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sektor publik. Oleh sebab itu, memasukkan manajemen swasta atau melibatkan sektor privat dalam kerja sama pengelolaan layanan publik dipercaya dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektivitas layanan publik. Menanggapi pandangan tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian untuk mengeksplorasi pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh sektor privat dalam bentuk PFI dan pemerintah dalam bentuk swakelola pada satu proyek yang identik, yaitu pada pengelolaan Terminal Parkir Elektronik di Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian terhadap kedua bentuk pengelolaan pada satu objek yang sama diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan yang lebih baik dalam melihat tata kelola dari masing-masing bentuk pengelolaan dalam mengasilkan output, sebagaimana diharapkan dari penelitian sebelumnya.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan NPM lebih optimal dilakukan oleh sektor privat saat PFI melalui pemenuhan fungsi-fungsi manajemen terutama pada aktivitas pengawasan yang ketat dan hal ini sulit dilakukan oleh UP Perparkiran karena ada perbedaan tujuan organisasi dalam melakukan pengelolaan TPE. Output dari pengelolaan dengan PFI berhasil meningkatkan pendapatan parkir yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan pengelolaan konvensional sebelumnya, tetapi peningkatan pendapatan ini juga sejalan dengan tingginya biaya pengelolaan dan dampak sosial yang ditimbulkan, sedangkan pendapatan parkir yang diperoleh saat swakelola lebih kecil bila dibandingkan dengan saat PFI, tetapi sedikit lebih hemat biaya.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia terhadap Kualitas Laporan Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Akuntabilitas:
Authors: Karundeng Esterlita H. Karundeng , Maulana Aviandi Okta
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan dan kapasitas sumber daya manusia terhadap kualitas Laporan Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Daerah (BOSDA) di Kabupaten Sleman dalam mewujudkan akuntabilitas, dengan pengendalian internal dan tata kelola sebagai variabel mediasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan teknik pengumpulan data convenience sampling dan purposive sampling terhadap responden, dalam hal ini pengelola BOSDA, yaitu kepala sekolah dan bendahara BOSDA. Sebanyak 393 data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan dan kapasitas sumber daya manusia memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan BOSDA di Kabupaten Sleman. Selanjutnya, pengendalian internal dan tata kelola secara signifikan memediasi pengaruh kepemimpinan terhadap kualitas laporan BOSDA di Kabupaten Sleman. Terakhir, kualitas laporan BOSDA memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap akuntabilitas. Penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh pemerintah dan sekolah dalam membuat kebijakan pengelolaan dan pelaporan BOSDA, khususnya yang berhubungan dengan kepemimpinan, kapasitas sumber daya manusia, pengendalian internal dan tata kelola agar akuntabilitas dapat dicapai melalui terciptanya laporan BOSDA yang berkualitas.
Analisis Keberlanjutan Penggunaan Robo Advisor di Indonesia
Authors: Alam Azim Fairus , Achjari Didi
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang faktor-faktor apasaja yang dapat mempengaruhi seseorang dalam niat menggunakan terus menerus robo advisor di Indonesia. Fokus penelitian tentang bagaimana pengguna menggunakan secara terus menerus robo advisor sebagai media investasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori expectation confirmation model untuk mengetahui bagaimana niat menggunakan terus menerus pada robo advisor di Indonesia. Peneliti menambahkan variabel pengetahuan keuangan sebagai keterbaruan pada penelitian ini. Variabel lainnya seperti kegunaan yang dirasakan, kepuasan, dan konfirmasi diharapkan mampu berpengaruh terhadap niat menggunakan terus menerus robo advisor di Indonesia. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan metode survei terhadapa 100 pengguna robo advisor dari 6 aplikasi investasi di Indonesia yaitu Bareksa, Bibit, Reliance, Stockbit dan Halofina. Perhitungan menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) PLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunujukan bahwa, variabel pengetahuan keuangan, kegunaan yang dirasakan, konfirmasi dan kepuasan berpengaruh positif terhadap niat menggunakan terus menerus robo advisor sebagai media investasi di Indonesia. Keterbatasan yang dimiliki pada penelitian ini adalah data pengguna tidak secara langsung didapatkan darii perusahaan penyedia robo advisor di Indonesia.
Rural Government Cooperation Intensity and Leadership in Fostering the Innovation Capabilities of Rural Microbusinesses
Authors: Wibowo Ardy , Maula Defia Ifsantin , Setiawan Dani Fikri , Hisam Muhammad
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The growth of rural entrepreneurship significantly impacts economic growth and the well-being of rural communities. Background Problem: Innovation is crucial for entrepreneurs' success, with rural government playing a pivotal role in rural societies. Novelty: This study overviews the role of rural government in fostering entrepreneurial innovation, focusing on inter-organizational collaboration and the village head's leadership style. Research Method: Employing a quantitative survey methodology, the study undertook direct surveys of 300 rural micro- and small-scale entrepreneurs from diverse industries in Indonesia. A simple random sampling technique was used to ensure a representative sample of the population. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling—Partial Least Squares. Findings: The analysis reveals that rural government cooperation and transformative leadership positively influence entrepreneurs' perceptions of organiza­tional support. In turn, perceived organizational support significantly impacts the desire for knowledge sharing and innovation capability enhancement. This study diverges from previous research by examining the mediating roles of knowledge sharing and perceived organizational support in innovation capability enhancement. It confirms that perceived organizational support is a vital mediator in the relationship between government cooperation intensity, transformational leadership, and innovation capability. Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for rural governments to practice effective cooperation and leadership and provide consistent support. Such strategies facilitate a supportive environ­ment that fosters knowledge sharing and significantly boosts rural entrepreneurs' innovation capabilities.
The Effect of Government Policy on Infrastructure Priorities on the Profitability of Construction Companies in Indonesia 2011-2019
Authors: Rifai Ahmad , Irawan Tony , Indrawan Dikky
Published: September 2024

Introduction/Main Objective: The Indonesian government's policy of prioritizing the acceleration in infrastructure development will certainly have an impact on construction companies. Background of the Problem: This research aims to determine the influence of internal and external company factors on the profitability of companies in the building construction subsector. Novelty: This research analyzes the impact of increasing the government's infrastructure budget on the profitability of building construction subsector companies. Research Method: This research uses panel data regression analysis with annual financial report data from building construction subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period from 2011 to 2019, which is divided into the period before the infrastructure sector became the focus of development (2011 to 2014) and after (2015 to 2019). Profitability is measured using the return on assets. The external factors are measured using the infrastructure budget and inflation, while the internal factors are measured using company size, liquidity, leverage, cash turnover, working capital turnover and receivables turnover. Findings/Results: This research concludes that the infrastructure budget, company size, and liquidity do not have a significant positive effect on company profitability, while inflation does not have a significant negative effect on profitability. Furthermore, cash turnover, working capital turnover, and account receivable turnover have a significant positive effect on profitability, while leverage has a significant negative effect on profitability. Conclusion: This research shows that companies should periodically review the impact of loans and always maintain the composition of their funding, according to their needs. Meanwhile, the government needs to evaluate the auction process, and sharpen its alternative infrastructure project funding strategies.
Bioprospecting and Molecular Identification of Amylase and Cellulase Producing Thermophilic Bacteria from Sediment of Nglimut Hot Springs, Kendal Regency
Authors: Budiharjo Anto , Wulandari Dyah , Shabrina Jauhara , Mawarni Risa Arum , Maulana Anand Reyna , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Wijanarka Wijanarka , Hartajanie Laksmi , Lindayani Lindayani
Published: September 2024

The utilisation of enzymes in the industry has brought numerous benefits and advantages to production processes. Enzymes serve as biocatalysts, efficiently catalyzing reactions and hydrolysis in biochemical processes. However, there are challenges in applying enzymes in the industry, particularly concerning enzyme stability. The obstacle encountered in the production processes involving industrial enzyme applications is the low stability of enzymes when used at high temperatures. Heat-sensitive enzymes undergo damage or denaturation. Thermophilic microorganisms are chosen because they hold the potential to produce thermophilic enzymes. The thermophilic enzymes exhibit better heat stability compared to other enzymes, making them an effective alternative for future industrial production processes. This study aims to isolate thermotolerant bacteria from Nglimut Hot Spring sediment, screen for cellulase- and amylase-producing isolates, and molecularly identify the best isolate using 16S rRNA barcode. The results show that 22 bacterial isolates were found in the sediment of a hot spring; TS-14 was the best isolate in producing amylase, with the highest average amylolytic index of 2.38, whereas TS-15 had the highest cellulolytic index of 2.11. Based on 16S rRNA identification, TS-14 showed an homological identity of 79% with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, while TS-15 had a 100% homological identity with Bacillus licheniformis. These results were important as the first step of screening bacterial potential to produce thermophilic enzymes that could be applied in the downstream processing in future industrial and biotechnology companies.
Edaphic Characteristics of Rafflesia Habitats in Indonesia: Implications for Conservation and Propagation
Authors: Siahaan Febrina Artauli , Iryadi Rajif , Lestari Dewi
Published: September 2024

Rafflesia, a holoparasitic and endophytic plant, depends on its host, Tetrastigma spp., for survival, thus highlighting the critical interdependence between these species. Given the endangered status of Rafflesia due to anthropogenic pressures and narrow distribution, comprehensive conservation efforts are crucial. Ecological data on edaphic conditions, particularly the presence of the host, are important for effective conservation strategies. This study assessed soil properties across Rafflesia habitats on Sumatera, Borneo, and Java islands, revealing similarities in pH, carbon, nitrogen, cation exchange capacity (CEC), while the soil texture varied. These findings contribute valuable insights for informed conservation initiatives, both in-situ and ex-situ.
Utilisation of Snails for Wound Healing: A Review
Authors: Fadhilah Diana , Santoso Putra , Maliza Rita
Published: September 2024

Snails exhibit remarkable adaptability, allowing them to flourish in diverse environmental conditions and resulting in thriving populations in specific regions. This abundance has led communities to harness snails for various purposes, including their use as animal feed, daily dietary source, and in traditional wound-healing practices with historical roots. The primary objective of this systematic review is to identify the snail species commonly employed in wound healing and evaluate the bioactivity of compounds derived from different snail species. This review was conducted using literature review method, drawing from international databases such as Scopus, and encompassed publications from 2013 to 2023. A total of 22 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Snail body parts that have been explored for wound-healing purposes include both the body and the shell, along with snail secretions, particularly their mucus. Various methods have been employed to extract mucus, involving manual stimulation of the snail's body, spraying with a saline solution (NaCl), application of electric shock, and the use of ozone gas through nebulisation. Prominent snail species found to be beneficial for wound healing include Achatina fulica, Helix aspersa, Eobania desertorum, Helix lucurus, Cornu bistrialis, Theba pisana, and Megalobulimus lopesi. These snail species demonstrate potential applications in the treatment of burns, excision wounds, incision wounds, and diabetic ulcers. Key compounds within snail secretions encompass mucopolysaccharides, polyphenols, peptides, and glycosaminoglycans. These compounds exert significant effects on haemostasis, inflammation control, cellular proliferation, and re-epithelialisation, significantly contributing to the wound healing process.
Diversity of Zingiber Mill. (Zingiberaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia Including Short Remarks of an Undescribed Taxon
Authors: Sedek Aimi Syazana , Mohamad Salasiah , Yen Sam Yen
Published: September 2024

Zingiber, a notable genus within the Zingiberaceae family, is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia. It encompasses a total of at least 141 species on a global scale, with 25 native species and 30 known taxa identified specifically in Peninsular Malaysia. Of these known taxa, at least 7 are categorised as threatened, 5 are endemic, and the rest remain unassessed regarding their conservation status. This article provides a comprehensive checklist and taxonomic insights for all native Zingiber in Peninsular Malaysia. Remarkably, from the current fieldwork, the discovery of a peculiar Zingiber plant from the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia holds the potential to contribute additional records within this genus. Initially, this species resembles Z. belumense and Z. purpureum in their inflorescence colouration, displaying shades ranging from brownish maroon to dark purple with green bracts, but this newly proposed taxon stands out due to its combination of distinctive traits. An intriguing observation notes the presence of red sap when the leafy shoots were cut and needs further corroboration. This article establishes a provisional taxonomic designation for the newly discovered species, Zingiber sp. (Bahangense130). A comprehensive description supported by robust molecular phylogenetic evidence is currently underway, while brief notes and illustrative images of the proposed taxon are provided within this paper.
Las secretarías ejecutivas de los sistemas anticorrupción de México. Naturaleza jurídica y sus efectos en el control de la corrupción
Authors: Figueroa Neri Aimée
Published: September 2024

En 2015 fue creado constitucionalmente el Sistema Nacional Anticorrupción de México y diversos trabajos han analizado su novedoso diseño que incorpora protagónicamente a la participación ciudadana, así como los retos que enfrenta. Pero poco se ha escrito sobre la Secretaría Ejecutiva de ese sistema y las homólogas estatales. El presente trabajo analiza la naturaleza jurídica de dichas secretarías ejecutivas y la caracterización atípica que les da la ley de la materia a estos organismos públicos descentralizados y las consecuencias de ello tanto en su gestión interna como en la eficacia de sus labores. El texto no analiza a todas las instituciones que integran a los sistemas anticorrupción, pero resalta las relaciones que las secretarías ejecutivas tienen con ellas, así como las interacciones con otros entes públicos. Se concluye que la configuración jurídica de las secretarías ejecutivas causa problemas y efectos que ponen en riesgo la consecución de los objetivos para los cuales fueron creadas.
Challenges Faced by the Indian Government in Managing Urbanization and Practical Solutions
Authors: Venkatasubramanian Goutham
Published: September 2024

Urbanization in India has accelerated significantly in recent decades, with a growing population migrating to cities in search of better opportunities. While urbanization drives economic growth, it also presents several challenges, such as inadequate infrastructure, housing shortages, environmental degradation, and social inequality. This paper explores the key issues associated with rapid urbanization in India and proposes practical solutions to ensure sustainable urban development. It includes case studies from major cities, relevant graphs, and images to better illustrate the scope of the problem.