bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Excesso de mortalidade geral e mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil e regiões no ano de 2020
Authors: Macedo Laylla Ribeiro , Araújo Carolina Borges de , Carvalho Luciana Freire de , Lobato Jackeline Christiane Pinto , Paiva Natália Santana , Costa Antonio Joseé Leal
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o excesso de mortalidade geral e a mortalidade por COVID-19 nas regiões do Brasil, no ano de 2020, segundo sexo e faixa etária. Realizou-se estudo ecológico que calculou o excesso de mortalidade geral, por sexo e faixa etária, utilizando os quantitativos esperados de óbitos em um contexto sem a pandemia e os óbitos observados em 2020. Dados sobre óbitos foram extraídos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e dados populacionais do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. O excesso de mortalidade foi calculado considerando a diferença entre as taxas de mortalidade observadas em 2020 e a média das taxas de 2015 a 2019, padronizadas por idade, e a diferença entre os óbitos observados obtido por meio de uma modelagem quasi-Poisson e aqueles esperados para 2020. No Brasil, a taxa de mortalidade geral padronizada, no ano de 2020, foi de 590 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes, sendo o excesso de mortalidade de 44 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes, enquanto a taxa de mortalidade por COVID-19 foi de 79 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes. As maiores taxas de mortalidade geral foram observadas nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. O excesso de óbitos estimado pela razão entre os óbitos observados e esperados, em todo o país em 2020, foi de 16%; sendo 17% para o sexo masculino, 16% para o feminino, 7% para indivíduos entre 0 e 59 anos, e 20% para aqueles com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Os dados permitiram um entendimento mais direcionado do impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na mortalidade do Brasil em 2020, apontando um excesso de óbitos mais expressivo nas regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-oeste e entre os grupos de homens e com idade superior a 60 anos.
ENCORE... ALÉM DO PRINCÍPIO DE PRAZER: TRAUMA, REAL E ACONTECIMENTO DE CORPO
Authors: Gonçalves Gesianni Amaral , Marcos Cristina Moreira
Published: January 2025

Resumo: Este texto parte da articulação do seminário Encore, de Jacques Lacan, com o texto Além do princípio de prazer, de Sigmund Freud, em que problematizamos os modos de gozo envolvidos na constituição dos sintomas que afetam o corpo evidenciando um excesso pulsional desvinculado de uma representação. Essa interlocução avançará por meio de uma sucinta revisão do trauma, perpassando o real lacaniano e a clínica do excesso que dele resulta, a fim de circundar uma direção do tratamento nessas modalidades sintomáticas.
Does a transatlantic Pashukanis emerge? Dialogues with Robert Knox on dependency-imperialism, racialization, and insurgent law
Authors: Pazello Ricardo Prestes , Uchimura Guilherme Cavicchioli
Published: January 2025

Abstract In Robert Knox’s “International Law, race and Marxism: an outline of a commodity-form approach”, we come across an arsenal of possible transatlantic interactions converging towards the emergence of another - because non-abstentionist - Marxist-Pashukanian critique of law. In this article, we seek to discover the possible theorists bonds around an insurgent law by establishing dialogues with Knox on the theory of value, the co-implication between dependency and imperialism, the processes of racialization and the possibility of tactical uses of law.
Por uma filologia viva do pensamento jurídico soviético: sobre a distinção entre forma jurídica e forma do direito em Stutchka e Pachukanis
Authors: Ferreira Pedro Pompeo Pistelli , Soares Moisés Alves
Published: January 2025

Resumo No presente trabalho, apresentamos uma hipótese de tradução da obra de Pachukanis que foi uniformizada por tradutores, teóricos e editores. Trata-se de uma distinção entre as expressões “forma prava”, “pravovaya forma” e “yuriditcheskaya forma”, normalmente traduzidas como “forma jurídica”. Tal como sugerido pelas origens etimológicas de cada palavra, intuímos que os dois primeiros termos fazem alusão a uma dimensão mais global do direito, enquanto o último relaciona-se a manifestações mais concretas e empíricas da experiência jurídica cotidiana. Colocamos essa percepção à prova a partir do cotejo dos originais e das traduções de capítulos emblemáticos das principais obras de Piotr Stutchka e de Evguieni Pachukanis. A partir dessa análise, os textos corroboram a hipótese inicial ao associarem o substantivo “pravo” e o adjetivo “pravovoi” à apreensão da totalidade do ser jurídico em seu máximo grau de abstração, enquanto o adjetivo “yuriditcheskii” aparece associado a manifestações e expressões fenômenicas, concretas e empíricas dessa forma jurídica acabada.
A imprensa e o processo histórico da operação-produção para o combate à fome, à miséria e à vadiagem na década de 1980 em Moçambique
Authors: RAFAEL GILBERTO DANIEL , NASCIMENTO MARIA ISABEL MOURA
Published: January 2025

Resumo Este artigo aborda, numa perspectiva histórico-teórica, a partir da imprensa, especificamente o jornal Notícias , de Moçambique, o processo histórico da operação-produção para o combate à fome, à miséria e à vadiagem na década de 1980 no país. Procuramos responder à seguinte questão norteadora: como foi retratado, na imprensa, o processo histórico da operação-produção para o combate à fome, à miséria e à vadiagem na década de 1980 em Moçambique? Recorre-se à perspectiva teórica e epistemológica do materialismo histórico-dialético, tendo como categorias a contradição, a mediação e a totalidade.
The Impact of Environmental Sustainability Measures on The Global Influence of The German Auto Industry
Authors: Ölçen Olcay
Published: January 2025

After the Volkswagen AG Emission Crisis, the automobile industry took special measures in terms of marketing, business management and other managerial sides. This research aims to measure the after-crisis period and whether or not other companies take necessary financial measures toward environmental sustainability. Basic OLS Regression and OLS Regression with dummy variables are utilized on the market-adjusted financial returns of the companies. There are three important findings of this research. Volkswagen AG suffered from the emission crisis not only on the marketing side but also in terms of financial management. Secondly, Mercedes AG and BMW AG did not take the necessary financial lessons from the Volkswagen Emission Crisis because of the same results. And thirdly sustainability variables have an impact on financial management near reputation and brand management. According to findings and discussions, the behaviour of the investors toward the emission scandals is negative. They are comprehensively impacted by these events. The situation can be more complex if corporal investors are added to this equation. Also, It seems that Mercedes AG and BMW AG did not take the necessary lessons from the emission scandal of Volkswagen AG despite of 3 years between events in terms of corporal financial management and automobile-technical details. More interestingly, sustainability or environmental sustainability is one of the main elements not only for the marketing and branding sides of the business but also for the financial management side of corporal management. The sustainability policies of these brands should include financial management. This situation will help the investors and companies if a new sustainability crisis occurs in the market with exact information.
Географическая близость родственников и переезды пожилых людей: исследование на основе данных регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции
Authors: Артамонова Алёна Вячеславовна
Published: January 2025

Семья остается одним из важнейших источников поддержки для пожилых людей. Географическая близость членов семьи имеет важные последствия для частоты контактов, обмена межпоколенными трансфертами, эмоциональных связей, благополучия пожилых людей, а также для увеличивающегося спроса на формальный и неформальный уход. В свете старения населения и растущего давления на устойчивость системы ухода за пожилыми данное исследование, посвященное географической близости между членами семей и переездам в пожилом возрасте, вносит вклад в изучение внутренней миграции, старения, семейных отношений и социального обеспечения. Исследование также дает новую информацию политикам и практикам, заинтересованным в более сбалансированном участии государства и семьи в системе ухода.
Главный вопрос исследования заключался в следующем: как жизненные обстоятельства пожилых людей связаны с их собственной миграционной активностью и активностью их родственников (включая переезд пожилых людей в учреждения интернатного типа)? Мы использовали полные данные регистров населения Норвегии и Швеции, чтобы изучить роль таких жизненных обстоятельств как, потребности в профессиональном уходе, серьезные проблемы со здоровьем (операционализированные как «близость к дате смерти»), а также отсутствие основных членов семьи (супругов и/или взрослых детей) в миграционном поведении пожилых. Включение в модели дополнительных детерминант миграционного поведения, таких как связи с другими членами семьи, гендер, использование формальных услуг по уходу и контекстуальные различия в местах проживания (т. е. муниципальные характеристики), помогли детализировать ответ на наш исследовательский вопрос.
Миграционный потенциал Калининградской области: миграционные настроения и намерения жителей эксклава
Authors: Лялина Анна Валентиновна , Волошенко Ксения Юрьевна
Published: January 2025

Миграционный потенциал Калининградской области проанализирован с позиций миграционных настроений и намерений жителей региона сменить место постоянного проживания по результатам проведенного социологического опроса населения региона в возрасте 18-50 лет весной 2024 г. Анализируется влияние роста геополитической напряженности на западных рубежах страны, в частности вокруг эксклава, после 2022 г. Исследуется также воздействие ухудшения социально-экономической динамики развития региона, ассоциированного с санкционным режимом, на желание покинуть его. Исследование направлено на обоснование региональной специфики формирования миграционного потенциала эксклавной Калининградской области и его роли в изменении трудового потенциала. Отдельное внимание уделяется рассмотрению миграционной подвижности и миграционного опыта, миграционных настроений и намерений жителей Калининградской области. Для российского эксклава в целом подтверждается обусловленность миграционных настроений и установок миграционным опытом и миграционной подвижностью, которые подкрепляются разветвленными социальными связями как на территории России, так и за ее пределами. Формирование миграционных установок в значительной степени ограничивают финансовые возможности населения. Демографические и пространственные характеристики миграционного потенциала Калининградской области в целом не выделяют его на фоне других российских регионов. Результаты указывают на несоответствие ожиданий респондентов в части трудоустройства и реализации трудового потенциала, и о невысокой удовлетворенности экономическими условиями проживания в регионе, что является причиной выталкивания специалистов из него. В этой связи влияние миграционного потенциала при дальнейшем усилении миграционных настроений будет иметь значительные последствия в части снижения трудового потенциала эксклава. В первую очередь это коснется увеличения профессионально-квалификационных диспропорций на рынке труда, а также дефицита специалистов, подготовка которых не ведется или представлена в регионе в недостаточном объеме. Выявленная региональная специфика миграционного потенциала эксклава формирует реальные угрозы в части обеспечения его устойчивого функционирования и экономического развития в будущем.
The criminalization of informal patient payments in the Hungarian healthcare sector
Authors: Julesz Máté
Published: January 2025

Informal patient payments represent a semi-legal phenomenon in many countries with a low GDP. This institution does not only exist in post-communist states. It is also rooted in the Chinese, Indian, Greek and African healthcare cultures. In Hungary, from 1 January 2021, informal patient payments constitute a crime of corruption. The only opportunity for patients to express their gratitude towards healthcare workers materially is in the form of a gift of small value provided after care. Hungarian doctors’ salaries have been greatly increased, though nurses have not been remunerated in similar measure. Corrupt payments in the Hungarian healthcare sector are prosecuted; however, they are difficult to detect. Covert agents thus create situations in which doctors and nurses might be trapped. Positive general prevention should ultimately be stressed. Certainly, taxing legal gift-giving would promote transparency in the Hungarian healthcare system.
The role of capital income in the Hungarian income distribution from 2007 to 2021
Authors: Krekó Judit , Tóth Csaba G.
Published: January 2025

Capital income represents a significant and growing share of total income at the aggregate level in most countries. However, the link between capital income and overall income inequality is not clear, as it is influenced by the distribution of capital income among individuals and its overlap with labour income. Using administrative personal income tax data, we explore the characteristics of taxable capital income in Hungary for the period from 2007 to 2021, and assess its role in overall income inequality. Capital income, which accounted for 8 to 12% of total taxable income in the period under review, was distributed among just 5 to 7% of taxpayers. The highest income percentile held 74% of capital income, while the share of the highest income decile exceeded 90% in 2021. Given its concentration at the top of the total income distribution, capital income significantly increased income inequality. By decomposing the change in inequality measured by the Gini index, we show that although the increase in overall income inequality is largely attributable to the growing concentration of labour income, capital income also exerted a major influence during this period. In our simulation, we demonstrate that an increase in the share of capital income within total income would lead to a notable increase in inequality.
Purification of CHMP2B v1
Authors: Sitron Cole , A Trinkaus Victoria
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes a method for purification of recombinant CHMP2B from E Coli. To improve solubility, CHMP2B is tagged with His-SUMO and expressed at a low temperature. The His-tagged SUMO fusion is first isolated on a nickel column before cleavage of the SUMO tag and a reverse nickel column to separate His-SUMO from the cleaved CHMP2B. The CHMP2B is then cleaned up by size exclusion.
Mild Immunoprecipitation with Low Background v1
Authors: Sitron Cole , Ulrich Hartl F
Published: January 2025

There is often a trade off between buffer stringency and background when performing an immunoprecipitation. One can reduce background with a stringent buffer, but this stringency could also cause a loss of interactors. This immunoprecipitation protocol circumvents this dilemma by using gentle lysis conditions to preserve protein complexes, while lowering the background with BSA blocking, Tween, and low-bind tubes. We have found that this protocol works well for immunoprecipitation of proteins from lysates that contain “sticky” protein aggregates. This protocol uses a protein G-antibody complex to immuno-precipitate the bait protein of interest.
Small-scale LysoIP v1
Authors: Sitron Cole , Dransfeld Ulrich
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes a technique for native immunoprecipitation of intact lysosomes (LysoIP). There are many protocols for this technique, but this protocol has been adapted to be performed at a small scale and with an elution compatible for downstream immunoblot analysis, producing just enough material for several immunoblots.
A Novel Dual-Band Four Port MIMO Antenna Design for 28/38 GHz Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications
Authors: Hamdan Nermin , Kurnaz Çetin
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel dual-band Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna specifically crafted for 5G millimeter-wave communication systems. The antenna is designed to operate within the frequency spectrum of 26 to 31 GHz and 34.5 to 40 GHz. Notably, at 28 GHz, the antenna attains an impressive gain of 10.6 dBi, coupled with an efficiency exceeding 70%. Meanwhile, at 38 GHz, the gain remains substantial at 6.65 dBi, with an efficiency of 50%. Simulation results indicate an average isolation of approximately -30 dB between antenna elements. The diversity gain is nearly 10 dB, and the error-correcting code measures less than 1 × 10-6, highlighting superior performance compared to prior antenna designs. These robust dual-band MIMO antenna performance metrics make it a highly promising solution for millimeter-wave 5G applications.
Analysis of Malicious Files Gathering via Honeypot Trap System and Benchmark of Anti-Virus Software
Authors: Başer Melike , Güven Ebu Yusuf , Aydın Muhammed Ali
Published: January 2025

In the age of widespread digital integration, the rise in cyber threats is evident. Cyber attackers use malicious software (malware) to compromise data and exploit system resources, employing tactics such as remote control or ransom through data encryption. Despite the common use of antivirus software with signature-based detection, this study reveals its limitations. Using a honeypot trap system on Google Cloud, suspicious files uploaded by attackers were analyzed. Results from evaluating these files with 64 antivirus programs show that relying solely on signature-based methods is insufficient. Only three programs had success rates exceeding 90\%, while the majority had success rates predominantly below 70\%. This underscores the need for diverse detection techniques alongside signature-based methods to enhance cybersecurity. The repository containing collected malicious files and the Python script is available on Github, serving as a valuable research resource for further exploration.
Comparative Analysis of PI and PR Control Strategies for Enhancing Voltage Quality in D-Statcom-Based Distribution Networks
Authors: Çakmak Fevzi , Meral Mehmet Emin
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the rise in the number of sensitive loads in distribution networks has highlighted the importance of not only ensuring the continuity of electricity supplies but also maintaining high power quality for consumers. In the present era, one of the most prevalent power quality issues in power systems is voltage sag, which is responsible for over 80% of the observed problems. Although the duration of the disturbance is relatively brief, typically between 10 ms and 1 minute, it can have a significant impact on the production process due to a minor deviation from the rated voltage. The disturbance can occur within a second, but the restoration process can take several hours. In order to enhance the power quality of the grid, it is essential to regulate reactive power. The objective of this study is to utilise a D-STATCOM for the correction of voltage by connecting it in parallel to the bus connection point between the grid and the loads. Modelling and simulation studies have been conducted to investigate the contribution of D-STATCOM with PI (proportional-integral) or PR (proportional resonance) controllers to the system in response to various fault scenarios that cause voltage sags by commissioning various loads at low voltage (0.4 kV). The simulation of both models was conducted using the PSCAD/EMTDC program. The performance of both controllers is evaluated through a comparison with the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation program. The results demonstrate that the D-STATCOM responds to short-term voltage sags caused by a fault or other system disturbances with a high degree of efficiency, rapidly restoring the bus voltage to a level close to the nominal value. This effectively mitigates the potential disruptions associated with voltage collapse. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that D-STATCOMs employing PI and PR controllers exhibit a combination of advantages and limitations in their performance.
Modernization of the power unit of the 1.4 drawbar category tractors by using a reversible electric machine
Authors: Aliev Sabir A. , Bekeev Abdurakhman Kh. , Salatova Djaminat A.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: The technical development of tractor designs features an increase in the consumed power, the use of electric drive units. Therefore, the load on the electric system of a modern tractor constantly increases and exposes the existing systems to excessive load. It is impossible to meet the growing needs of tractors and their systems using conventional generators.
OBJECTIVE: Research and development of highly efficient means of ensuring reliable launch of diesel engines of the 1.4 drawbar category tractors and provision of on-board electric power by means of use of starter-generator units with microprocessor control.
METHODS: An integrated starter generator can serve as a solution to the problem of increasing power simultaneously with increasing efficiency. With sufficient power in the traction mode (up to 8 kW), the starter generator allows improving the launch and energy characteristics of the tractor’s internal combustion engines. The proposed design of the electric machine is placed between the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine and the tractor clutch. The adopted layout allows transferring significant power in both directions, improves the launch performance of tractor diesel engines, and implements the functions of damping of torsional vibrations of the crankshaft, which significantly reduces engine noise and vibration.
RESULTS: Based on the results of the study, the choice of a starter-generator unit (SGU) based on a reversible electric machine is justified in relation to diesel engines of the 1.4 drawbar category tractors, and a scheme for its placement in the clutch housing without changing its basic design is developed. The advantage of the proposed design is the use of electric machines for engine launch, which in this case turns on the electric motor mode and switches to the generator mode during operation, providing the on-board network with electric energy.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical value of combining a starter and a generator in a single unit lies in simplification of the design, reduction of manufacturing and assembling costs, which is an advantage in terms of production costs, as well as a replacement to the starting piston engine on some tractors.
The Mental Health of Refugees and Forcibly Displaced People: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sukiasyan Samvel G.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: One of the pressing global issues today is the matter of refugees and forcibly displaced people migration. Refugee or forcibly displaced status has a significant impact on a person's mental health, with a high risk of developing depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder and psychotic disorders.
AIM: To conduct a literature review and evaluate the mental health status of refugees and forcibly displaced people due to military action
METHODS: The search of literature was conducted without any restrictions on the publication date, with a focus on articles from the past two decades. The search was conducted in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases using the following keywords and phrases: “migration”, “migrants”, “refugees”, “forcibly displaced people”, “mental health”, “mental disorder”, “psychiatric disorders”. This analysis included studies that discussed and evaluated the social, psychological, and clinical aspects of migration. The review included original research and meta-analyses published in English, Russian, and Spanish. Descriptive analysis was applied to summarize the results.
RESULTS: The literature review showed that global migration levels have reached a high point, and this trend continues due to the existing geopolitical conditions. Even limited and difficult-to-compare epidemiological data demonstrate that more than a quarter of migrants suffer from mental disorders. These primarily include depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders. Apart from creating and exacerbating problems for the refugees and forcibly displaced people themselves, they also pose serious challenges to the social services and healthcare systems of refugee-hosting countries. The literature review demonstrated that forced displacement plays a role in the development of mental disorders, and also emphasizes the significance of several associated factors.
CONCLUSION: This review emphasizes the urgent need for standardizing screening methods for refugees and forcibly displaced people, creating unified approaches to diagnostic evaluation, as well as specialized training for mental health professionals. Large-scale programs are needed to support and implement sustainable global mental health measures in the countries affected by hostilities.
The Value of Digital Games in Language Learning – What the Research Tells Us and Pathways Forward
Authors: Kotuła Krzysztof
Published: January 2025

Research on the application of video games in foreign language education is relatively new and remains a peripheral issue: the authors of the most recent research review point to the fact that among hundreds of papers discussing computer-assisted language learning (CALL) published in international journals in the last fifteen years, only 26 studies focus on the use of digital games in foreign language learning. There are, however, many arguments which seem to support the idea that video games are a promising field of research. The findings of numerous studies clearly suggest that digital games have considerable educational potential. In the present article, I will provide a literature review on digital games in language learning and teaching and try to discuss potential advantages that video games can offer in the didactic context.
Conceptualizations of the Term in the Media Discussion on the Text by Marcin Kącki
Authors: Kula Agnieszka , Grzelka Monika
Published: January 2025

The primary goal of the article is to demonstrate how a text becomes a tool of violent action – what determines this, the importance of the discourse around the text, what tools the author uses to gain dominance. The material basis for our research is Marcin Kącki's article My Journalism – Alcohol, Failed Therapies, Women Badly Loved, Neglected Daughters and Fear of the Dawn, which appeared on Wyborcza.pl on January 5, 2024, as well as the media discussion including subsequent publications (up to and including January 15, 2024), which are reactions to Kącki's text. Analyzing the discourse with all its aspects (participants, texts, media roles, etc.), we found that the violence in Kącki's publication can be considered on three levels – textual (violence by processing), broadcasting (violence by diminution) and receiving (violence by making public).
A Novel for Politically Mature Readers – Stefan Żeromski's “Homeless People” and Censorship in the GDR
Authors: Rajch Marek
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to examine how the East German authorities, through the institution of censorship under its authority, treated Stefan Zeromski's novel “Homeless People.” The analysis presented in the article refers to a search in German archives conducted by the author. The analysis of archival materials relating to the novel showed that neither the high artistic value of the works of Polish classics, which dominated translations from Polish literature in the GDR in the 1950s, nor their content, the social topics, which fell within the strict framework of socialist cultural policy, automatically guaranteed permission for printing. Moreover, it turned out that, incidentally, more importance was attached to publishing reviews than to censorship reviews.
Multicultural Education Design Through Crafts Learning Wood on Students PGSD UAD
Authors: Setyaningrum Fery , Adzkia Sagaf , Wenerda Indah
Published: January 2025

The Indonesian nation must become more aware of cultural diversity, as many students still lack this awareness. Indonesia is known for its multicultural and pluralistic society, emphasizing the need to introduce cultural diversity in education. At PGSD UAD, fine arts and skills classes, particularly woodcraft, embody multicultural education principles. Understanding cultural pluralism helps maintain cultural heritage and mutual respect. This research aims to describe the woodcraft learning process at PGSD UAD and design multicultural education through this medium. Using qualitative methods like observation, interviews, and document reviews, the study focuses on UAD PGSD students practicing wooden batik in Krebet Village. The findings reveal a structured learning process involving material selection, design stages, and creating batik motifs representing diverse cultures. Multicultural education at PGSD UAD fosters an inclusive environment where students access equal educational opportunities, regardless of race, ethnicity, or other factors. Woodcraft products reflect various ethnic influences from across Indonesia.
Optimalisasi Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran untuk Memahami Sistem Pencernaan Manusia pada Tingkat Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nengsih Sri , Haryanti Yuyun Dwi , Yonanda Devi Afriyuni
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to identify appropriate media for science learning about the human digestive system as an effort to increase the effectiveness of learning in elementary schools. This research collects articles from Google Scholar and Scopus for the period 2019 to 2023 and uses a literature review in the form of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Even though there are many media that can be used to learn about the human digestive system, according to this research, pop-up books and comics are the most commonly used materials for learning science in elementary schools, especially about the human digestive system. This is because comics and pop-up picture books are interesting and can be used practically in the learning process. This media has been proven to be able to improve the quality of learning, namely increasing student motivation, interest in learning, understanding of concepts, academic achievement and critical thinking abilities.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi media yang tepat dalam pembelajaran IPA tentang sistem pencernaan manusia sebagai upaya meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini mengumpulkan artikel dari Google Scholar dan Scopus periode 2019 hingga 2023 dan menggunakan tinjauan pustaka berupa Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Meskipun banyak media yang dapat digunakan untuk pembelajaran pada materi sistem pencernaan manusia, namun menurut penelitian ini, media pop-up book dan komik merupakan media paling banyak digunakan untuk pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar, khususnya tentang sistem pencernaan manusia. Hal ini dikarenakan komik dan buku bergambar pop-up book menarik dan dapat digunakan secara praktis dalam proses pembelajaran. Media tersebut terbukti dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran, yaitu dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar, minat belajar, pemahaman konsep, prestasi akademik dan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
Lesson Study-based Microteaching Design in Early Reading Instructional for Prospective Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Rini Titis Angga , Cahyanto Bagus , Nurdianasari Nindya
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to develop a lesson study-based micro-teaching design for prospective elementary school teachers in early reading instruction. This study utilized an instructional development method from Dick and Carey, comprising seven stages of research procedure. Data were collected through questionnaires, field notes, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. In this study, a product successfully developed a lesson study-based micro-teaching design presented in video tutorials for teaching early reading in elementary school. The result shows that development of this micro- teaching design was successfully implemented and served as a guide for early reading instruction in the Indonesian Language Learning in elementary school course. Micro-teaching was developed as tutorial stages for early reading instruction, based on a process approach encompassing pre-reading phase, reading phase, and post-reading phase, combined with a lesson study approach for collaborative and reflective teaching practices.
The Creative Thinking Skills Profile of Primary Education’s Perspective Teacher
Authors: Muslihasari Adzimatnur , Susilo Herawati , Ibrohim Ibrohim
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the creative thinking skills of primary education’s prospective teachers in science learning. This study uses a descriptive survey to obtain quantitative data without special treatment. The population is students of PGSD Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat for the 2022/2023 academic year who program science courses (125 students). The sample was selected by random sampling technique, which was 84 students. Creative thinking skills are measured by an essay test totaling 8 questions that refer to indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The data was analyzed descriptively by calculating the percentage of each indicator to be further adjusted to the level of creative thinking indicator. The results show that students' creative thinking skills is still low in all indicators and included in the non-creative level.  Creative thinking skills on the 'fluency' indicator received ‘enough’, while 'flexibility', 'originality', and 'elaboration' were still at the 'low' and 'very low'.
Treating Adolescent Depression: Exploring Neurofeedback Training, Dhikr, and Community Stigma in Complementary Therapies (A Case Study)
Authors: Oktaviyantini Tri , Nugroho IGB Indro , Suwito Djoko , Putra Perdana Dennada Bagus
Published: January 2025

Adolescent depression, particularly when complicated by psychotic features, presents significant challenges in treatment due to its complex and multifaceted nature. This case study explores the integration of neurofeedback training and Dhikr, an Islamic meditative practice, as complementary therapies alongside traditional pharmacotherapy in treating a 15 years old male diagnosed with severe recurrent depression. Despite initial reluctance and skepticism influenced by community stigma surrounding mental health and spiritual practices, both therapies contributed to noticeable improvements in the patient's symptoms and overall well-being. Neurofeedback was utilized to regulate brainwave activity, while Dhikr provided a meditative and spiritual component that promoted mindfulness and inner peace. The case highlights the importance of addressing community stigma, personalized treatment plans, and holistic approaches in managing adolescent depression, ultimately leading to better engagement and therapeutic outcomes.
Towards Education 4.0: Analysis of the Digital Tools Used by Uzbek University Teachers
Authors: Zakirova Feruza , Zakirova Madina
Published: January 2025

The practical application of digitalization in higher education through contemporary digital tools is gradually moving towards Education 4.0. Along with the achievements in this process, there are problems related to technological and human factors. One of the teachers’ problems is utilizing new digital instruments. This work aims to identify digital tools that university professors use in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The data collection tool was an online questionnaire developed using Google Forms. The sample comprised 77 teachers from 13 universities in the capital city and five provinces. Statistical methods describing frequencies in percentages were used to analyze the data. Analysis of results showed that Uzbek university professors use open cloud-based tools and resources based on artificial intelligence; more than half of professors need motivation and practical support. This research provides recommendations for creating a repository of digital tools for gamification and visualization, VR/AR and Big Data Analytics; developing training to support academic staff in exploring new digital resources for Education 4.0.
Protection of Jingdezhen Ceramic Heritage Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Yang Lisha
Published: January 2025

Jingdezhen ceramic heritage is the largest existing ceramic cultural heritage in China, with the richest connotation and the most complete system. It has the characteristics of strong systematization, complicated preservation, and diversified use. With the vigorous development of cultural industry, Jingdezhen’s ceramic heritage has a broad application prospect, but at the same time, it faces the problem of being destroyed or improperly developed. With the progress of science and technology and the development of machinery, the traditional hand-made porcelain technology of Jingdezhen ceramics is gradually being eliminated. The value and distinctive feature of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage is the importance and necessity of its protection, and the protection of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage has become an urgent problem to be solved. In order to solve this problem, this paper takes the protection of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage as the research object, analyzes the characteristics and protection status of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage, and applies blockchain technology to the protection of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage, which promotes the protection of ceramic heritage. The decentralized, traceable, and open characteristics of blockchain technology provide innovative technical support for the digital construction of ceramic heritage and strong technical support for the protection of ceramic heritage. The results show that by analyzing the current situation of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage protection and construction, the digital model of Jingdezhen ceramic heritage based on blockchain technology is established by combining blockchain technology with digital construction of ceramic heritage, and a digital identity is built for Jingdezhen ceramics. The collected Jingdezhen ceramic information is attached to the blockchain, which ensures its unique and effective identity information, realizes the integration of Jingdezhen ceramic information, and actively promotes the informatization and standardization of ceramic heritage protection. The research results provide new ideas for Jingdezhen ceramic heritage protection and theoretical support for heritage protection and inheritance.
The Efficiency in the Spot the Difference Task with Illusory Pictures Solved by Preschool Children
Authors: Karpinskaia Valeriia , Dotdaeva Arina
Published: January 2025

Twenty children, 5 to 6 years old, were offered a series of paired images. The task was to find the differences in details as quickly as possible. The images could be the same or one picture could be 10% larger than another, or, one picture could seem larger than another (visual illusion of Ponzo and Delboeuf). The time and the accuracy were measured for each pair of images. Significant differences in visual search were found for images with illusory differences, real differences in size, and identical ones. Children need more time to make the decision in the pictures illusory different in size. We did not find significant influence of illusion on the accuracy in the task. We suggest to take the factors related to the development of perception or cognition into the account, since it can lead to different results in visual search tasks for groups of children of the same age.
Protective effects of resveratrol on the expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase genes in the ovary and their activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate: An experimental study
Authors: Karimian Mohammad , Ghadiri Mozhdeh , Poormoosavi Seyedeh Mahsa , Najafzadehvarzi Hossein
Published: January 2025

Background: Lead (Pb) could be toxic to the female reproductive system, and resveratrol (Res) may overcome this toxicity.
Objective: To investigate the Res impact on the catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and superoxide dismutase (Sod) gene expression in the ovary and on the Cat and Gpx enzyme activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 33 female Wistar rats (8–10 wk, 180–200 gr) were divided into 6 groups: a control group (normal saline), a Res group (40 mg/kg), and a Pb group (lead acetate 30 mg/kg). 3 additional groups received lead acetate (30 mg/kg) with Res at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg for 21 days. Gene expression of Cat, Gpx, and Sod was measured via qPCR, and serum Cat and Gpx activity was assessed using standard methods. Bioinformatics tools were used to evaluate Res effects on gene and protein function.
Results: Lead acetate significantly downregulates Cat, Gpx, and Sod gene expression, but Res significantly upregulates gene expression, especially at doses of 40 mg/kg for Cat, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg for Gpx, and 80 mg/kg for Sod. Cat and Gpx enzyme activity increased and decreased in the lead acetate group, respectively. However, Res in all doses decreased only the Cat enzyme activity. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that Res can interact with the promoter regions and cavities of all 3 enzymes.
 Conclusion: Pb can dysregulate the expression and activity of the studied enzymes. However, the impact of Res is influenced by the dose, with 40 mg/kg frequently being the most effective.
NATIONAL SPECIFICS OF THE LINGUISTIC MEANS OF SMILE REPRESENTATION IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN
Authors: Boeva-Omelechko Natalya B.
Published: January 2025

The relevance of this study is determined by the interest of scientists in the culturally determined specifics of the phenomenon of a smile and by the need for a contrastive analysis of the linguistic means representing it in English and Russian with the involvement of explanatory and phraseological dictionaries as well as language corpora. The aim of the work is to identify the national specifics of the means of representing the phenomenon of smiles in English and Russian. The study made it possible to identify national-specific means of representing the phenomenon of a smile, which can be divided into three groups: 1) means present only in one language and reflecting the specifics of culture; 2) means present only in one language and indirectly expressing the specifics of culture, in particular, the significance of a smile; 3) means present in both languages and correlated with one denotatum, but differing in the technique of secondary nomination. Among the first are the means in English that emphasize the importance of an optimistic attitude to life, the value of a smile, the obligatory presence of a smile under any circumstances, the connection of a smile with the key concept of individualistic Anglo-Saxon culture “privacy” and with the sense of humor important for the English-speaking society. In Russian such means include units that condemn excessive smiling, reflect the direction of a smile only to pleasant people but not to everyone and show the connection of a smile with the collectivist character of Russian culture. The second group includes such English units as smiler, wear nothing but a smile, plumber's smile. The third group includes pairs of phrases that accentuate different features of the same denotatum. The results of the study can be used by specialists dealing with the problems of lexicology, translation or intercultural communication.
ALLUSIONS TO RUSSIAN POETRY IN V. NABOKOV’S NOVEL “BEND SINISTER”
Authors: Drozdova Anastasiia O.
Published: January 2025

The goal of the research is to investigate the strategies of V. Nabokov's interpretation of Russian poetry in his novel “Bend Sinister”. Using the structural semiotics method, we distinguish the allusions to A. S. Pushkin's, A. A. Fet's, J. Goethe's, V. A. Zhukovsky's, B. L. Pasternak's poems. Images and motives from their works 1) organize the composition of the novel; 2) represent a plot about the creation of a fictional world by the narrator; 3) explicate the reading experience of Russian-language author and his artistic identity. Allusions also allow Nabokov to compare the literary genres and its syncretism in his own aesthetical system.
“MOZART AND SALIERI”: A STRUGGLE OF IDEALS
Authors: Zubareva Vera K.
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to a “historical” thought in “Mozart and Salieri”. The analysis is based on the concept of the Enlightenment as A. S. Pushkin saw it. The ideas of the Enlightenment are analyzed based on the clash of ideals in music represented by Haydn and Gluck. The conflict between Mozart and Salieri is approached from the point of view of those collisions. Besides, the dispute about the established principles in music is compared to analogous disputes regarding the direction Russian literature of 19th century should have taken. A question of Salieri’s possible prototype is resolved against the background of the relationship between Pushkin and Katenin. To this end their articles and correspondence are analyzed.
ONLINE INTERACTIVE WORKBOOK AS A VIRTUAL TOOL OF THE “INVERTED CLASSROOM” TECHNOLOGY: INTENSIFICATION OF THE RFL- LEARNING PROCESS AT THE INITIAL STAGE
Authors: Nefedov Igor V. , Panteleev Andrey F. , Popova Ksenia A.
Published: January 2025

One of the most effective pedagogical technologies that allow to maximize the learning process of RFL-teaching is the “inverted classroom” technology. When creating the “inverted classroom” technology, the main task is to transform classes in such a way that students make the most productive use of their most important resource – time. In our opinion, it is possible to introduce this technology into the RFL-learning process quite effectively by creating a network interactive workbook with textbook elements. It is important to note that the development of an interactive workbook and its integration within the framework of the “inverted classroom” technology requires a huge amount of time to develop the scenario of the lesson, the selection of illustrative material, the selection of language material, the creation of unique texts, etc. Nevertheless, the high efficiency and intensification of the learning process confirm the effectiveness and expediency of using such interactive forms: 1) Students, when studying materials independently, can work in a convenient mode and in an individual format, which has a beneficial effect on the degree of assimilation of data. 2) The initial development of skills and instant automatic verification of tasks allows students to analyze the degree of formation of their knowledge. 3) Formation of a sense of responsibility for the quality of homework. 4) Reducing the amount of time to test knowledge in the classroom, which in turn allows you to include in the educational process tools aimed at developing communicative and socio-cultural skills. 5) Support for a high level of motivation of students and the development of their creative abilities.
METHODOLOGY OF CREATING AND USAGE OF AN ELECTRONIC STUDENT’S BOOK FOR LITERATURE CLASSES: AN APPROACH TO THE PROBLEM
Authors: Turkevich Arsenii S.
Published: January 2025

This article deals with the actuality of creation and usage of an electronic student’s book for literature classes in the modern school education. It gives a definition of the student’s book and the list of its main characteristics. The author of the article describes the worked-out model of the SB on the example of learning a poem by M.Yu. Lermontov “The song about the tsar Ivan Vasilievich, a young oprichnik and a dashing merchant Kalashnikov” in the 7th grade. This article includes lesson plans using this electronic student’s book in the 7th grade. There is also an analysis of material comprehension by school children while studying a work of fiction literature. The author has made a conclusion on its efectiveness, that usage of the electronic student’s book for literature in the 7th grade has helped to raise the student’s interest with the help of interactive way of giving the information. Their knowledge has been tested with the exercises from this e-book, students are more involved in the process when they get an assignment in an interactive than in a traditional way.