bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Concept and Classification of Remedies for Convicts: Problematic Issues of Legislative Regulation
Authors: Gorban D V
Published: December 2019

In presented article the author attempts a comprehensive analysis of the purpose of the penal law, as the correction of convicts, as well as its fixed assets. The relevance of the chosen topic actual the fact that the search for new ways and means of correction of convicts is one of the modern trends of reforming criminal-executive system. The aim of correction condemned is secured in the criminal and criminal-executive legislation, however, in the literature it is a lot of debate. A controversial issue is the consolidation of the list of fixed assets of correction condemned, to which the authors propose to assign treatment, psychological work, etc. the purpose of correction condemned, and therefore the study of this process more actual in terms of rising every year numbers of recidivism. Because the rate of recidivism is directly linked to the effectiveness of the correctional institutions of the penal system. In this paper, the analysis includes consideration of different points of view of scientists on the concept of «rehabilitation of offenders», the identification of shortcomings of this concept and proposal author. The second focus of the study is the question of the classification of fixed assets of correction condemned, and also fastening of additional means of correction in the penal law. In the preparation and writing of scientific articles were used methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the dialectical method of scientific knowledge. In conclusion, the author summarizes the main results of the conducted research and proposes a concept of prisoners, the classification of assets corrections for basic and optional.
Procedural Independence of the Court: the Thorny Way from Communist Myths to the Objective Reality of Russian Justice
Authors: Kovtun Nikolay Nikolaevich
Published: December 2019

In the context of substance and consequences of the constitutional principle of the court’s independence the author through the analysis of the final acts of judicial power (judicial precedents and acts of judicial interpretation of law, objectified as the resolution of the plenum) probes the current state of Russian justice alleged to be in whole has perceived and effectively implements the main elements of this fundamental idea. The author as the final conclusions of the consummated analysis on the contrary states the growing condition of legal uncertainty in the studied branch of state activity, the origins and real reasons of which, first of all, are in the apparent duality of legal positions and the final acts of the administration of justice on the same subject; in the full «independence» of a court in the administration of justice from the literal dictates of the law, acts of constitutional justice and acts of the European Court of human rights, the interpretative positions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, from own rules-precedents which are designed to be the standards of application the law for conflict law situations. Above doesn’t agree with the essence and content of the idea of procedural independence of a court, but also clearly grades the fundamental and universally recognized idea of the supremacy of law, its certainty. Turning to the institution of judicial protection and justice as a constitutional function of a court, the parties initially have the right to depend on the legal nature of the activities of a court, normative base and, properly, predictability of the final acts of the administration of justice and not from factors of ideological, political, subjective nature which are taken to the attention of «independent», powerfully protected court. Only on this objective base interested parties will objectively perceive justice as a real and effective element of forming the legal state and civil society in the Russian Federation.
Legislative Basis of the Republic of Finland to Reduce the Demand for Drugsand Counter their Trafficking
Authors: Kobets Petr Nikolaevich
Published: December 2019

The subject of the study is the legal and organizational framework for countering drug traff icking in the Republic of Finland. In the process of work on the publication the author used a set of General scientif ic research methods such as comparison, analysis, as well as formal-logical, comparative-legal and other private scientif ic methods including: historical method. For the f irst time the author has carried out a comprehensive analysis of the legal framework concerning organizational measures aimed at countering drug traff icking in the Republic of Finland. The study examined the provisions of the existing acts of lawmaking in the f ield of drug control: laws and regulations, departmental documents. The author comes to the conclusion that the Republic of Finland has a suff iciently developed legislation in the f ield of drug demand reduction and counteraction to their illicit traff icking, which is constantly developing and improving. They also noted that the policy of Finland in the sphere of counteraction of drug addiction focused on the need for simultaneous operation aimed at reducing the supply and demand of drugs, reduce harm from drug use, early prevention of drug addiction and the possibility of providing timely assistance to drug users. Practical signif icance of the research is that the mastery of the positive side of the experience in combating drug traff icking in Finland, can be used by the state authorities of the Russian Federation in building the system of organizational-administrative work for the prevention of drug-related crime.
Library renovation
Authors: Wells Elaine
Published: December 2019

The journey started at a 2016 meeting of the college’s Learning Resources Committee, which I chair as Library Director, A student representative casually commented that our Library looked “dated”.  Not that we actually WERE dated, we have electronic resources, 24/7 remote access, printers, scanners, wireless, and a state-of-the-art Library Management System.  However, through the eyes of our young student, the Library looked “like something from the 1970s.”  Anyone who has lived through that decade’s will know that was not meant as a compliment.  The student’s criticism prompted the Dean of Academic Affairs, who sat in on the meeting, to ask when the Library had had its last “facelift.”   That was an easy one to answer - as far as I knew…never.  And I’ve been here over 20 years.
Just like that, a renovation was born.  How hard could this be?  I would query the students on what a suitable update might look like, get a budget, buy some new furniture, and go back to the business of being a librarian rather than an interior designer.  Spoiler alert:  not so fast.
Benchmarking study of hospital libraries
Authors: Spencer Angela , Mamo Elizabeth , Billman Brooke L.
Published: December 2019

Objectives: To assess the current landscape of hospital libraries by collecting benchmarking data from hospital librarians in the U.S. and other countries. Since the last MLA benchmarking survey in 2002 hospital libraries have faced significant changes including downsizing, position and library elimination, and hospital mergers. This survey will provides information to inform the development and implementation of effective advocacy for hospital libraries. Methods: A web-based, anonymous survey was designed to collect information from hospital librarians representing stand-alone hospitals and hospital systems. The 57-question survey was distributed via select list servs, targeting the US and Canada but open to any country. The topic areas covered hospital/health system, library, and library staff demographics; library characteristics and scope of service; interlibrary loan and document delivery; library funding; and library budget. Hospital library benchmarking surveys, including the previous MLA surveys, were reviewed and applicable questions were added. Results: There were a total of 180 respondents but the total number of responses for each question varied. Select results are as follows: of the responding libraries, 67.2% were part of a hospital system; 24.4% had merged with or were bought by another hospital or health system and, of those, 77.1% had acquired 1-5 hospitals in the last 10 years; 77.9% were not for profits; over half (55.2%) had <5,001 FTE in the organization; 56.9% had one library; 47.7% had 1 FTE librarian, 34.9% had 2-5; 82.1% did not or were not able to use social media; 60.7% didn’t have strategic plans; 66.1% belonged to a consortium; 48.2% provided up to 250 search requests a year; 66.3% did not receive funding outside of their organization; 32.5% had budgets for print books totaling less than $1,000; 30.1% had budgets, excluding salaries, of less than $100,000 and 9.7% had budgets over $1M. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the field’s knowledge of hospital library demographics as well as the services provided. The results suggest implications for hospital librarians regarding staffing levels and the depth of services within their unique settings, especially within the context of rapidly expanding health systems.
A study of status of contralateral ear in unilateral chronic otitis media in 500 patients
Authors: Jambunathan Prabaakharan , Maan Arvinder S. , Sharma Karan
Published: December 2019

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the contralateral ear clinically, audiologically and radiologically and compare the findings with squamous and mucosal type of chronic otitis media (COM).

Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in patients attending ENT Department, Government Medical College, Amritsar between December 2016 to November 2018. The study was conducted in 500 patients of either sex aged between 8 to 60 years with unilateral COM without perforation or history of ear discharge in the contralateral ear. Otoscopy, pure tone audiometry and X-ray mastoid or high-resolution computed tomography temporal bone were done on the patients. The results were recorded and analysed with SPSS software.  

Results: 82% patients were found to have some abnormalities in the contralateral ear. On otoscopy abnormalities in contralateral ear includes retraction of tympanic membrane, thinning and tympanosclerotic patch, most common abnormality being retraction of tympanic membrane. Radiological analysis of contralateral mastoids showed 39% diploic and 22.8% sclerotic mastoids. Hearing status in the contralateral ear showed 45.6% patient with normal hearing, 48.6% with conductive hearing loss and 5.8% with mixed hearing loss. 40.4% contralateral ears had mild, 12% had moderate and 2% had severe hearing loss.

Conclusions: Contralateral ear pathologies were more in those who had squamosal type of COM than who had mucosal type in the diseased ear. The contralateral ear shows unmistakable predilection towards developing COM in the future.

 

 
Determining the proximity of groups in social networks based on text analysis using big data
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Mykhin Andrey , Rytsarev Igor ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Paringer Rustam ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Kupriyanov Alexander ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Kirsh Dmitriy ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS - Branch of the FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Molodogvardejskaya street 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: December 2019

The article is devoted to the definition of such groups in social networks. The object of the study was selected data social network Vk. Text data was collected, processed and analyzed. To solve the problem of obtaining the necessary information, research was conducted in the field of optimization of data collection of the social network Vk. A software tool that provides the collection and subsequent processing of the necessary data from the specified resources has been developed. The existing algorithms of text analysis, mainly of large volume, were investigated and applied.
Viroids: unusual small pathogenic RNAs.
Authors: Góra-Sochacka Anna
Published: December 2019

Viroids are small (about 300 nucleotides), single-stranded, circular, non-encapsidated pathogenic RNA molecules. They do not code for proteins and thus depend on plant host enzymes for their replication and other functions. They induce plant diseases by direct interaction with host factors but the mechanism of pathogenicity is still unknown. They can alter the expression of selected plant genes important for growth and development. Viroids belong to two families, the Avsunviroidae and the Pospiviroidae. Viroids of the Avsunviroidae family adopt a branched or quasi rod-like secondary structure in their native state. Members of the Pospiviroidae family adopt a rod-like secondary structure. In such native structures five structural/functional domains have been identified: central (C), pathogenicity, variable and two terminal domains. The central conserved region (CCR) within the C domain characterizes viroids of the Pospiviroidae. Specific secondary structures of this region play an important role in viroid replication and processing. Viroids of the Avsunviroidae family lack a CCR but possess self-cleaving properties by forming hammerhead ribozyme structures; they accumulate and replicate in chloroplasts, whereas members of the Pospiviroidae family have a nuclear localization. Viroid replication occurs via a rolling circle mechanism using either a symmetric or asymmetric pathway in three steps, RNA transcription, processing and ligation.
Novel oligosaccharides isolated from Fusarium oxysporum L. rapidly induce PAL activity in Rubus cells.
Authors: Nita-Lazar Mihai , Heyraud Alain , Gey Claude , Braccini Isabelle , Lienart Yvette
Published: December 2019

Activation of the phenolic pathway is known to be part of a defense response against cell wall-derived elicitors from pathogens. Many examples of a defense response by increasing the synthesis of phenolic compound against the elicitor were demonstrated in the past, but the elicitor structure has so far been poorly characterized. Our results indicate that a disaccharide fraction containing the following structure: alpha-D-mannopyranosyl (1-->2)alpha/beta-D-glucopyranosyl and alpha-D-mannopyranosyl (1-->x) inositol, isolated from Fusarium oxysporum L., promotes rapid and transient phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in Rubus fructicosus cells at nanomolar concentration. The disaccharides were isolated by size-exclusion chromatography directly from extracts obtained by alkaline treatment of F. oxysporum mycelium. Their structure was determined by 500-MHz-1H-NMR spectroscopy combined with methylation analysis and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.
Structural and functional changes of bovine carbonic anhydrase as a consequence of temperature.
Authors: Sarraf N S , Saboury A A , Ranjbar B , Moosavi-Movahedi A A
Published: December 2019

The temperature dependence of the activity and structure of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase was studied. The Arrhenius plot shows a jump which is seen usually in proteins with more than one subunit or with one subunit but more than one domain. Since carbonic anhydrase has only one subunit with one domain, the fine conformational changes of the protein motifs could only be detected through circular dichroism polarimetry. It seems that the jump in Arrhenius plot is a result of some slight structural changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of the enzyme.
Restriction analysis of genetic variability of Polish isolates of Tomato black ring virus.
Authors: Jończyk Magdalena , Borodynko Natasza , Pospieszny Henryk
Published: December 2019

Several different isolates of Tomato black ring virus (TBRV) have been collected in Poland from cucumber, tomato, potato and black locust plants. Biological tests showed some differences in the range of infected plants and the type of symptoms, which was the basis for selection of seven the most biologically different TBRV isolates. According to the sequence of TBRV-MJ, several primer pairs were designed and almost the entire sequence of both genomic RNAs was amplified. The RT-PCR products derived from all tested TBRV isolates were digested by restriction enzymes. On the basis of the restriction patterns, the variable and the conserved regions of the TBRV genome were defined and the relationships between the Polish TBRV isolates established.
Spontaneous mutagenesis in exponentially growing and stationary-phase, umuDC-proficient and -deficient, Escherichia coli dnaQ49.
Authors: Nowosielska Anetta , Nieminuszczy Jadwiga , Grzesiuk Elzbieta
Published: December 2019

Spontaneous mutations arise not only in exponentially growing bacteria but also in non-dividing or slowly dividing stationary-phase cells. In the latter case mutations are called adaptive or stationary-phase mutations. High spontaneous mutability has been observed in temperature sensitive Escherichia coli dnaQ49 strain deficient in 3'-->5' proofreading activity assured by the e subunit of the main replicative polymerase, Pol III. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the dnaQ49 mutation and deletion of the umuDC operon encoding polymerase V (Pol V) on spontaneous mutagenesis in growing and stationary-phase E. coli cells. Using the argE3(OC) -->Arg+ reversion system in the AB1157 strain, we found that the level of growth-dependent and stationary-phase Arg+ revertants was significantly increased in the dnaQ49 mutant at the non-permissive temperature of 37 degrees C. At this temperature, in contrast to cultures grown at 28 degrees C, SOS functions were dramatically increased. Deletion of the umuDC operon in the dnaQ49 strain led to a 10-fold decrease in the level of Arg+ revertants in cultures grown at 37 degrees C and only to a 2-fold decrease in cultures grown at 28 degrees C. Furthermore, in stationary-phase cultures Pol V influenced spontaneous mutagenesis to a much lesser extent than in growing cultures. Our results indicate that the level of Pol III desintegration, dependent on the temperature of incubation, is more critical for spontaneous mutagenesis in stationary-phase dnaQ49 cells than the presence or absence of Pol V.
Detection of circulating breast cancer cells in peripheral blood by a two-marker reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay.
Authors: Fabisiewicz Anna , Kulik Jadwiga , Kober Paulina , Brewczyńska Elzbieta , Pieńkowski Tadeusz , Siedlecki Janusz A
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to use a two-marker assay for the detection of breast cancer cells circulating in patients' blood. We have applied a PCR-based methodology to follow up the possibility of the development of metastatic disease in stage I and II patients who had undergone curative surgery. Since the number of circulating cancer cells in peripheral blood is very low, the technique for their detection needs to be not only highly sensitive, but also very specific. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique may improve the sensitivity of breast cancer cell detection up to only a few cells per one million. The principle of the RT-PCR assay is to amplify a messenger RNA characteristic for breast epithelial cells in a blood sample. Since we do not expect such cells to be circulating in peripheral blood of healthy subjects, detection of the characteristic mRNA should indicate the presence of circulating breast cancer cells. We analyzed the usefulness of three mRNA markers: cytokeratin 19 (CK19), mammaglobin (hMAM) and beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) for this test. Blood samples (112) were obtained from 55 patients, in stages I and II, with or without metastasis to regional lymph nodes (N0 or N1). We found that a two-marker assay increases the sensitivity of detection of breast cancer cells in comparison with a single-marker one. Combination of two tumor-specific mRNA markers, hMAM/CK19 or beta-hCG/CK19, allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in 65% of N1 patients and 38% of N0 patients. By comparison, the combination hMAM/beta-hCG allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in the blood of 68% of N1 patients and 46% of N0 patients. Addition of the third marker did not significantly increase the detection sensitivity.
Activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases in submandibular glands of rats intoxicated by cadmium at doses related to human chronic environmental and occupational exposures.
Authors: Zalewska Anna , Brzóska Małgorzata M , Marciniak Justyna , Karaszewska Katarzyna , Zwierz Krzysztof , Moniuszko-Jakoniuk Janina
Published: December 2019

Work in cadmium (Cd) smelter and smoking cigarettes damages teeth and oral mucosa which are protected by tissue and salivary glycoconjugates: glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans. We worked out a rat model imitating human "environmental" and "occupational" exposure to cadmium using 5 mg Cd and 50 mg Cd/l in drinking water, respectively. In submandibulary glands of exposed to Cd rats, we found the time and dose dependent accumulation of Cd and simultanous decrease in activity of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (HEX). In homogenates of submandibulary glands of control rats, beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase showed the highest activity. The activities of alpha-mannosidase and beta-galactosidase were very low. None of these exoglycosidases were inhibited by Cd even at 44 mM concentration.
Role of rpoS in the regulation of glyoxalase III in Escherichia coli.
Authors: Benov Ludmil , Sequeira Fatima , Beema Anees F
Published: December 2019

Methylglyoxal is an endogenous electrophile produced in Escherichia coli by the enzyme methylglyoxal synthase to limit the accumulation of phosphorylated sugars. In enteric bacteria methylglyoxal is detoxified by the glutathione-dependent glyoxalase I/II system, by glyoxalase III, and by aldehyde reductase and alcohol dehydrogenase. Here we demonstrate that glyoxalase III is a stationary-phase enzyme. Its activity reached a maximum at the entry into the stationary phase and remained high for at least 20 h. An rpoS- mutant displayed normal glyoxalase I and II activities but was unable to induce glyoxalase III in stationary phase. It thus appears that glyoxalase III is regulated by rpoS and might be important for survival of non-growing E. coli cultures.
High Myostatin Serum Related with High Prevalence of Sarcopenia Among Elderly Population in Pedawa Village, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Aryana I Gusti Putu Suka , Astika I Nyoman , Kuswardhani Raden Ayu Tuty , Putrawan Ida Bagus Putu , Purnami Ni Ketut Rai , Putra Wayan Giri , Lestari Anak Agung Wiradewi , Wande I Nyoman
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is defined as a decrease in muscle mass accompanied by a decrease in muscle strength and performance. Sarcopenia arises from the disruption of the complex balance between anabolic and catabolic factors. Myostatin strongly influences muscle growth inhibition. Deletion and function loss of myostatin causes hyperplasia and skeletal muscle hypertrophy.METHODS: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study. Seventy respondents aged ≥60 years in Pedawa Village, Bali, Indonesia were selected by using the stratified random sampling technique. Sarcopenia status was assessed according to Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria, including muscle mass, grip strength, and walking speed. While the myostatin serum levels was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: The incidence of sarcopenia in the elderly was 45 people (64.3%). Based on the analysis, there was a significant difference between myostatin levels in sarcopenia subjects (47.59 ng/mL) and non-sarcopenia subjects (39.7 ng/mL). Based on the statistical calculations, it was determined that the cut-off range of myostatin levels was 48.91 ng/mL. The prevalence ratio of sarcopenia incidence based on the myostatin levels in the elderly was 3.84, while based on the combination of age risk and myostatin levels was 9.75.CONCLUSION: Based of the data, there are significant differences of myostatin level between elderly people with and without sarcopenia. The prevalence of high myostatin levels in elderly is almost 4 times higher than low myostatin levels in the elderly.KEYWORDS: myostatin, sarcopenia, elderly
Determination of Gluconate Binding Properties on Magnetite Surface and Investigation of Carboxymethylation and Hydrazination Mechanisms of the Gluconated Magnetite Surface: A Computational Study
Authors: ÖZTÜRK İşılay , ŞANLIER Şenay , KINAL Armağan
Published: December 2019

In
the present study, the probable binding structure of a gluconate molecule with
magnetite, (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, as well as,
carboxymethylation and hydrazination mechanisms of the gluconate bound to the iron
oxide surface have been computationally investigated by the DFT-B3LYP method.
The B3LYP/LanL2DZ calculations together with experimental IR data available
revealed that the probable binding structure of gluconate is bidentate bridged
binding to the magnetite surface. The carboxymethylation and hydrazination
mechanisms of gluconate were calculated at B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. The
results indicate that the reaction between gluconate and chloroacetate in
aqueous medium has one step mechanism passing through a low activation barrier
(12.3 kcal/mol) with a reaction enthalpy of –42.8 kcal/mol. In addition, hydrazone
bond formation reaction of the gluconate bound to the iron oxide surface has a
highly-exothermic two-step-mechanism with barriers of 7.1 and 2.4 kcal/mol,
respectively, in water. The activation barrier of the overall reaction is
accepted as the barrier of the first step since the barrier of this step is
greater than that of the second one. Consequently, it can be predicted that both
carboxymethylation and hydrazination reactions should be spontaneous under moderate
conditions.
Influence of historical & social events on knowledge & knowledge production: A focus on some selected social theorists
Authors: Maigari Abdullahi Muhammad , Arafat Ibrahim
Published: December 2019

This article examines the relationship between knowledge produced by social theorists and the social events that occurred before and during their lifetime. The aim of the paper is to identify the social events and how they shaped the thoughts and knowledge produced by the selected theorists. This was approached through a review of secondary literature and narrative style to analyse the sourced materials. The paper examined three social theorists, philosophers or thinkers: Ibn Khaldun, Hegel and Comte. The study found that the knowledge produced by these theorists have traversed beyond disciplines classified as social sciences. It shows that the knowledge produced is intertwined with what happened before and during the time they lived which is reflected in their intellectual works. The paper submits that knowledge cannot be separated from the social reality of its producer. Therefore, the paper concludes that social theorists examined thought and wrote based on the social realities they encountered.

Keywords: Historical event, influence, social theorists, knowledge production.
Black Nurses Rock: Leaders in Caring for Our Communities
Authors: Tolbert-Robinson Kelly Verdelle
Published: December 2019

A nurse leader who is president of the Twin Cities Chapter of Black Nurses Rock, the largest minority nursing association in the country, recounts her journey to professional nursing and the leadership positions and experiences that have been the most passionate part of her career.
Essential Elements of Song for Grieving Young Adults
Authors: McCurry Sarah Louise Faulkner , Dawson Robin M. , Heiney Sue P.
Published: December 2019

Complications experienced by grieving young adults have developmental, mental, and behavioral components. Music offers opportunities to promote healthy grieving. While song writing has been widely used as an informal therapy for centuries, current researchers are beginning to explore its benefits. There is a noticeable lack of literature regarding the role of music in the grieving process. The aims of this study were to explore the grieving experiences of young adults who had lost a family member or friend, to identify song elements most helpful in promoting healthy grieving, and then to use these findings to compose a piece of music. Fifteen 20- to 23-year-old participants were interviewed about the death of a close friend or family member using a structured interview guide that included questions about their experience with the death and their grief, as well as questions about what song elements might help in grief. These questions included specifics about the song tempo (speed), dynamic (volume), and whether the song should contain lyrics (words). Thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews. Themes derived from the interview that should be relayed in a song included: Grief can include joy and pain together; It will get better; There is value in community; and, It is ok not to be ok. For song elements, participants elected a slow tempo, a mixed or soft dynamic, and inclusion of lyrical content. All findings were integrated into a song composition that may help promote healthy grieving.
Diverse Representation in Nursing Leadership: Developing a Shared Position Statement on Allyship
Authors: Lane Jennifer , Carrier Leah , Jefferies Keisha , Yu Ziwa
Published: December 2019

Diversity initiatives are being implemented widely within academia and society more broadly; however, the School of Nursing (SoN) at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, is taking an innovative approach. Faculty members recognized the need to support students at the graduate and undergraduate levels from Black, Indigenous, LGBTQ2S (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Two-Spirit), and International communities in a student-led initiative with the mission to promote diversity, inclusion, and equity within the SoN. This coalition seeks to offer students who are often rendered invisible within the academy and society more broadly in relation to dominant cultures and normative expectations an opportunity to build relationships and expose shared histories of oppression in such a way that issues of social justice are uncovered. In response to nursing students and faculty who self-identify as members of dominant groups and who sought inclusion as allies, the leaders of the student community groups recognized a need to develop a position statement on allyship. The collaboration that transpired between the four groups of communities to develop the position statement led to the formation of the Student Equity Coalition. This article begins with the authors ‘definition of allyship, followed by a description of the context in which this unique initiative is taking place, the rationale behind developing a shared position statement on allyship, and the significance of this work in positioning and supporting nursing students of minority status as emerging nurse leaders.
Implementing Relationship-Based Care as a Professional Practice Model: Promoting Nurses ‘Understanding and Confidence to Apply in Practice
Authors: Reilly Janet , Krause Kristy , Zande Carleen Vande , Knutzen Barbara
Published: December 2019

Professional practice models (PPMs) guide nursing practice, professional behaviors, and clinical leadership. Health care continues to evolve (e.g., through health system mergers), and nurses may need to adopt and understand new PPMs to confidently align their interventions and professional nursing practice accordingly. The purpose of this project was to create an educational module about a new PPM based on the model of relationship-based care (RBC), which was adopted following a health system merger. The module was presented to a sample of nursing staff and leaders, who subsequently evaluated how it changed their confidence in and understanding and application of RBC in their professional nursing practice. Quantitative data showed that the module was an effective method to increase nurses ‘understanding of, and confidence in providing care utilizing, the RBC model. Qualitative data analysis generated themes (team building, need for self-care, being present, lack of time and resources, and resistance to or fear of change) about how implementation of RBC as the organization's PPM would change professional nursing practice, and barriers related to its implementation.
The management of herpes labialis, oral thrush and angular cheilitis in cases of oral diabetes
Authors: Apriasari Maharani Laillyza
Published: December 2019

Background: As reported in several studies, prolonged or uncontrolled cases of diabetes mellitus (DM) may induce a more extreme inflammatory response. Mucosal lesions can be observed in patients who present this systemic condition. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elaborate the management of herpes labialis, oral thrush and angular cheilitis as oral manifestations of diabetes. Case: A 49-year-old male complained of having experienced painful lip ulceration for the preceding seven days. The anamnesis of the patient revealed that, prior to lip ulceration, he had experienced high fever and malaise in addition to frequent urination at night and a tingling sensation in the toes and fingertips on waking. Case management: The patient was referred to undergo blood count, fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests. The blood test result confirmed the patient to be suffering from DM and anemia. The immunocompromised condition of the patient prompted the occurrence of herpes labialis, oral thrush and angular cheilitis. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary treatment for herpes labialis resulting in oral candidiasis in DM patients is indispensable. Concurrent infection with HSV and candidiasis necessitates a more prolonged healing process. Consequently, it is a essential to treat the hyperglycemia which induces an immunocompromised state in diabetic patients.
Density of Streptococcus mutans biofilm protein induced by glucose, lactose, soy protein and iron
Authors: Kriswandini Indah Listiana , Diyatri Indeswati , Putri Intan Amalia
Published: December 2019

Background: Caries constitute an infectious disease that result from the interaction of bacteria with the host and the oral environment. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) represents the main bacterium that causes caries. The ability of S. mutans to form biofilms in the oral cavity is influenced by daily nutrient intake. This study of bacterial biofilm proteins can be used in the manufacture of kits for the detection of infectious diseases such as caries in the oral cavity. A biomarker is required for the manufacture of the detection kit. Consequently, research must first be conducted to determine the molecular weight and density of S. mutans biofilm proteins induced by several different daily nutrients, namely; 5% glucose, 5% lactose, soy protein and 5% iron. Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the density of S. mutans biofilm protein induced by 5% glucose, 5% lactose, soy protein, and 5% iron. Methods: The density of the S. mutans biofilm protein bands induced were measured using EZ Imager Gel DocTM software. Results: A band of biofilm protein (61.7 kDa) was obtained from S. mutans induced by 5% glucose, four bands of biofilm protein (180 kDa; 153,9 kDa; 43,9 kDa; 37,5 kDa) from 5% lactose induction and seven bands of biofilm protein (157,9 kDa; 86,6 kDa; 66,5 kDa; 50,1 kDa; 37,9 kDa; 32,3 kDa; 29,4 kDa) from soy protein induction. In contrast, S. mutans induced by 5% iron did not show any protein bands. The proteins that result from each inducer are of differing densities. Conclusion: The protein bands from each inducer are of different densities which can be used in the further test to make a biomarker for dental caries detection kits.
Effects of glycerin application on the hardness of nanofilled composite immersed in tamarind soft drinks
Authors: Handayani Titis Mustikaningsih , Nugroho Raditya , Hidayati Lusi , Fatmawati Dwi Warna Aju , Sumono Agus
Published: December 2019

Background: Loss of tooth structure is a consideration in the performance of restorative treatment involving nanofilled composite resins. Material polymerization factors and water absorption can affect the hardness of composite resins. Imperfect polymerization producing an oxygen inhibited layer (OIL) and causing water absorption can even compromise the hardness of nanofilled composite resins. Tamarind soft drink, on the other hand, has an acidic pH that compromises the hardness of nanofilled composite resins. Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the effects of glycerin application on the hardness of nanofilled composite resins immersed in tamarind soft drinks. Methods: The research constituted a laboratory experiment using 24 nanofilled composite resin samples with diameters of 5mm or 2mm, divided into six groups, namely: Group G, Group G AS 60, Group G AS 120, Group TG, Group TG AS 60, and Group TG AS 120. Glycerin was applied to the surfaces of three groups before curing, while the other three groups were not treated with glycerin. Finishing was subsequently conducted on all samples using a highspeed handpiece and superfine finishing bur, before they were polished with a low speed handpiece. The samples were then divided into specific groups, namely: a group with a 120-minute immersion time, a group with a 60-minute immersion time, and a group which was not immersed and maintained at a temperature of 37oC. Each sample was tested at three points using a Vickers hardness tester (VHT). Results: The results showed that the groups with glycerin had a higher hardness level than those groups. In addition, the non-immersed groups had a higher hardness level than those groups which were immersed. The one-way ANOVA test results confirmed that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between all groups. Conclusion: The application of glycerin to nanofilled composite resins immersed in tamarind soft drinks can increase their hardness levels.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS AGENSIA HAYATI DALAM MENGENDALIKAN PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI Ralstonia solanacearum DAN MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA HASIL TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annum)
Authors: Kasidal Kasidal , Aidawati Noor , Adriani Dewi Erika
Published: December 2019

Chili is an important commodity for most people, because of its function in terms of improving taste and appetite. Chili was seriously developed with the support of government funds for chili farmers. The development of chili plants, has enough obstacles, especially wich caused by plant disturbing organisms whether it is pests or diseases. The important organism that disturbs chili is wilting caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. In South Kalimantan, this disease reportedly attacked chilies spread in the districts of Banjar, Banjarbaru, Barito Kuala, Tapin, Hulu Sungai Tengah and Balangan with a cumulative attack area of 15,7 ha on 2017 (South Kalimantan BPTPH Database). This disease is important because of the nature of the attack which can cause the plants to wilt suddenly all part of the plant. Plants wich attacked by bacterial wilt cannot be cured. The effort that can be done in prevention before pathogens infect the plants (Sastra, 2004). One way to overcome this problem is biological control using biological agents from the type of antagonistic bacteria Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and type of antagonistic fungus Trichoderma spp. From three biological agents proven able to inhibit the development of R. solanacearum in vitro which produces a zone of inhibition as wide as 13,5 mm for Bacillus spp, 22,25 mm for Pseudomonas fluorescens and 8,42 mm for Trichoderma spp. and can increase plant height growth, chili weight, root weight, wet weight, and dry weight plants. Trichoderma spp as the best biological agents for increasing chili growth and yield.
QED Response of the Vacuum
Authors: Leuchs Gerd , Hawton Margaret , Sanchez-Soto Luis
Published: December 2019

We present a new perspective of the link between QED and Maxwell's equations. We demonstrate that the interpretation of $\mathbf{D}=\varepsilon_{0} \mathbf{E}$ as vacuum polarization is consistent with QED. A free electromagnetic field polarizes the vacuum, but the polarization and magnetization currents cancel giving zero source current. The speed of light is a universal constant, while the fine structure constant, which couples the electromagnetic field to matter, runs as it should.
Silencing of Long non-coding RNA Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and fibrosis of high glucose-induced mouse mesangial cells via targeting microRNA-93-5p
Authors: Li Jianzhou , Zhao Qing , Jin Xiaohong , Li Yanhua , Song Jian
Published: December 2019

Background: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) on the biological processes of high glucose (HG)-induced mouse mesangial cells (MMCs). Methods: PVT1 expression in diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice and HG-induced MMCs was detected by qRT-PCR. PVT1 was silenced in HG-induced MMCs by the transfection of PVT1 siRNA (si-PVT1). EdU and Colony formation, Annexin V-PI staining, Muse cell cycle, Scratch, and Transwell assay were performed to detect the cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion, respectively. The contents of fibrosis factors in cell-culture supernatants were detected by ELISA. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of factors involved in apoptosis, cell cycle, migration and invasion, fibrosis, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In addition, the targeting relation between miR-93-5p and PVT1 was predicted by StarBase3.0 and identified by Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: PVT1 was overexpressed in DN kidney tissues and HG-induced MMCs. HG-induced MMCs exhibited significantly increased EdU positive cells, cell colonies, S and G2/M phase cells, migration and invasion ability, and contents of fibrosis factors, as well as significantly decreased apoptosis rate compared with NG-induced MMCs. HG significantly up-regulated Bcl-2, CyclinD1, CDK4, N-cadherin, vimentin, Col. IV, FN, TGF-β1 and PAI-1, and down-regulated Bax, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and E-cadherin in MMCs. Silencing of PVT1 eliminated the effects of HG in MMCs and blocked PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. MiR-93-5p was a target of PVT1, which eliminated the effects of PVT1 on HG-induced MMCs. Conclusions: PVT1 silencing inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and fibrosis, promoted the apoptosis, and blocked PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in HG-induced MMCs via up-regulating miR-93-5p.
Evaluating the Bystander Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation in Radiotherapy on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Feghhi Maryam , Rezaie Jafar , Mostafanezhad Kamal , Jabbari Nasrollah
Published: December 2019

Background: The distinct direct and non-targeting effects of electron beam radiation on MCF-7 cells remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of electron beam radiation and conditioned media of the irradiated MCF-7 cells on MCF-7 cells.Methods: The cell viability and apoptosis were assayed via MTT and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Production of oxygen reactive species was evaluated by chemical fluorometric method, while the amount of extracellular vesicles was detected via acetylcholinesterase activity assay. Change in the expression of genes involved in apoptosis including caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 and stemness such as Sox-2 and Oct-4 were calculated through qPCR. Wound healing rate of cells was monitored via in vitro scratch assy. Results: Result showed that compared to control group, electron beam radiation decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis and oxygen reactive species as well as acetylcholinesterase activity in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Concurrent with increasing dose of electron beam, the mRNA level of apoptotic genes (caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9) and stemness related genes (Sox-2 and Oct-4) up-regulated following electron beam radiation. Wound healing rate of irradiated MCF-7 cells dose-dependently increased (P<0.05). After treatment with conditioned media from irradiated MCF-7 cells, the similar results were observed. Conditioned media from irradiated MCF-7 cells decreased viability of MCF-7 cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and HUVECs (P<0.05). Additionally, conditioned media from irradiated MCF-7 cells promoted apoptosis and wound healing rate as well as increased mRNA levels of apoptosis and stemness related genes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Findings suggest electron beam radiation could affect apoptosis and stemness in MCF-7 cells in direct and bystander manners.
Exploration of workplace violence among nurses at a selected University Teaching Hospital in Rwanda
Authors: Banamwana Gilbert
Published: December 2019

Background: Workplace violence is a global problem in the health sector especially in the hospitals affecting healthcare works' job satisfaction and performance. Method: The research approach used was quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The stratified random sampling method was used to recruit 195 participants among 379 nurses. Results: The findings revealed that 58.5 % (n=114) of nurses have experienced some types of workplace violence in the twelve months preceding the study among them 44.6% (=108) of nurses were verbally abused. Conclusion: Based on the study findings, it was concluded that the hospital management needs to be aware of workplace violence, develop and implement appropriate policies and strategies. These strategies will strengthen nurses' concentration towards their and will results in service delivery improvement. Keywords: Workplace, workplace violence, nurses
Polymorphism analysis of APOE and SLCO1B1 genes in Meizhou area of southern China
Authors: Wu Heming , Wu Hailing , Yu Zhikang , Zhu Qiuyan , Zhang Qunji , Huang Qingyan , Zhong Zhixiong
Published: December 2019

Background APOE and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms are relevant in statin pharmacokinetics.Objective Aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphisms of APOE and SLCO1B1 gene in Meizhou area.Methods Genotying of APOE and SLCO1B1 genetic polymorphisms were conducted in 4761 individuals.Results Among two variants of SLCO1B1 in Meizhou, the frequencies of 388A>G and 521T>C allele were 74.89% and 11.54% separately. The frequency of SLCO1B1 gene hplotype *1b/*1b was 40.37% followed by *1a/*1b (31.93%) and *1b/*15(14.14%). There were no significant differences between men and women in this study except SLCO1B1 521T>C ( SLCO1B1 521TT, P =0.019; SLCO1B1 521TC, P =0.028) and haplotypes *1a/*15 of SLCO1B1 (*1a/*15, P=0.02). Moreover, the frequencies of APOE ɛ3/ɛ3 was 69.94%, followed by 15.77% in ɛ3/ɛ4, 11.30% in ɛ2/ɛ3, 1.56% in ɛ2/ɛ4, 1.02% in ɛ4/ɛ4 and 0.54% in ɛ2/ɛ2, with considerably higher rate of allele ɛ3 (83.48%).Conclusions The population of Meizhou has different distribution feature. This study provides a reference to optimize the individualization of drug use in this area.