bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEPELOVING STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION BY APPLYING BOTTOM-UP TECHNIQUE
Authors: Suparlan Suparlan
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to depelove students’ listening comprehension by applying Bottom-Up technique. This study is a classroom action research which has done in three cycles. The subject of the study was the eight grade of the students of MTs. Darul Aminin NW Aikmual Lombok Tengah. The study was conducted by applying Bottom-Up technique which consists of three main stages. There are word processing, phrase processing, and comprehension. The writer observed students’ depelovement in listening comprehension by collecting data through field notes, observation checklist and listening test. Field note and observation checklist were used to gather the students’ attitude in learning process. The data of listening was collected through listening test and it was assessed through scoring rubric. The result showed that students’ problems in understanding the contents of listening and vocabulary had been solved by applying Bottom-Up technique. In the third cycle, the students mean score was 83.7. It increased in the second cycle to 82.1, and 76.7 in first cycle. As the conclusion, the technique was able to be applied in depeloving students’ listening comprehension. As a technique in teaching and learning process, the writer recommends the teacher to apply Bottom-Up technique.
JENIS DAN BENTUK AFIKSASI DALAM BAHASA TIDORE (TINJAUAN MORFOLOGI)
Authors: Halil Muamar Abd. , Hilmi Hubbi Saufan
Published: June 2022

This research aims to describe the types and forms of affixation in the Tidore language used by speakers in the village of Maitara. This research was a qualitative descriptive research. The sample or informants in this study were the speakers of the Tidore language in the village of Maitara, the city of Tidore Islands, which had been selected using a purposive sampling technique. The data collection method is in the form of listening and speaking. The data in this study were analyzed using the expansion technique and the mark reading technique. The types of affixation in Tidore include prefixes and suffixes. The prefix form in Tidore language in Maitara village is in the form of ma-, la-, se-, sa-, and to-, while the suffix form in Tidore language used by speakers in Maitara village, Tidore Islands city only has one form, namely -i .
MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA KONSEP SISTEM PENCERNAAN MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN SCIENCE-EDUTAINMENT BERBANTUAN MEDIA ANIMASI
Authors: Azizi Asrorul , Muttaqin Muh. Zaini Hasanul
Published: June 2022

This classroom action research aims to improve students learning outcomes on the concept of light. The subjects of this study were students of class VIIIB of SMP Negeri 3 Praya for the academic year 2021/2022, totaling 33 people. This research was conducted in 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of planning, implementing actions, observing, evaluating and analyzing and reflecting. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the application of animation-assisted science-edutainment learning can improve student learning outcomes on the concept of the digestive system.
Kelayakan Usaha Industri Pindang Cue-Besek Ikan Tongkol (Euthynnus Affinis) Skala Rumah Tangga Di Desa Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Ningsih Ika Junia , Jasila Ismi , Muqsith Abdul
Published: June 2022

Ikan dalam bentuk segar memiliki sifat mudah rusak serta membusuk sehingga diperlukan pengolahan terhadap ikan segar agar daya simpan lebih tahan lama, lebih mudah di distribusikan, serta lebih mudah dikonsumsi. Pengawetan tradisional pindang cue-besek yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Jangkar Kabupaten Situbondo merupakan pengolahan pemindangan ikan menggunakan bahan baku ikan tongkol yang ditempatkan pada wadah besek kemudian melalui proses kombinasi penggaraman (menggunakan larutan garam pekat 15%) dan pemanasan (perebusan) pada suhu 100 0C selama 15-30 menit. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisa kelayakan usaha industri pindang cue-besek ikan tongkol pada skala rumah tangga di Desa Jangkar, Kabupaten Situbondo. Analisa kelayakan usaha dilakukan untuk mengukur seberapa efektif/efisien suatu usaha akan menghasilkan laba/keuntungan dengan menggunakan sumber daya (resources) yang ada. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2022, dengan lokasi penelitian di Desa Jangkar, Kabupaten Situbondo.Tahapan penelitian dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung (depth interview) terhadap key person (pengolah), menggunakan kuesioner semi-terstruktur yang dilanjutkan dengan kajian kelayakan usaha ikan pindang.Metode analisa untuk uji kelayakan usaha pindang ikan tongkol dilakukan dengan perhitungan nilai keuntungan, rasio R/C, dan nilai ROI.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modal usaha yang digunakan oleh usaha pengolahan pindangcue-besek ikan tongkol ialah sebesar Rp. 176.009.000,-/tahun dengan penerimaan sebesar Rp. 240.000.000,-/tahun dan keuntungan yang didapat sebesar Rp. 63.991.000,-/tahun.Hasil perhitungan rasio R/C sebesar 1.3/tahun menunjukkan bahwa usaha pengolahan pindang ikan tongkol tersebut efisien dan layak diterima. Sedangkan untuk nilai ROI sebesar 36.3%/tahun menunjukkan bahwa usaha pengolahan ikan teri krispi menguntungkan untuk terus dikembangkan.
Perbandingan Data Hasil Produksi Tangkapan Ikan Menggunakan Alat Tangkap Cantrang di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Brondong
Authors: Andriyan Fiki , Suwarsih Suwarsih , Jumiati Jumiati
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 1-30 Juni 2021 dengan tujuan membandingkan hasil tangkapan ikan,  jenis dan produksi hasil tangkapan (%)  cantrang di PPN Brondong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey. Analisis data yang digunakan yiatu Analisa komparatif dan analisa uji Independent T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan yang tertangkap cantrang A terdapat 15 jenis spesies dan cantrang B (cantrang harian) terdapat 15 jenis spesies ikan yaitu Jumlah perbandingan persentase A dan B, diantaranya jumlah ikan alu-alu/kucul pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%. Jumlah ikan ayam-ayam/togek/kambing-kambing pada A yaitu 95% dan pada B yaitu 5%, ikan balak/beloso pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan beronang/sadar pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan Biji Nangka/Jenggot pada A yaitu 99% dan pada B yaitu 1%, ikan bukur/jaket pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan cumi-cumi-cumi pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan kapasan pada A yaitu 99% dan pada B yaitu 1%, ikan keong/kerok pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan kuniran pada A yaitu 99% dan pada B yaitu 1%, ikan kurisi pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan Kwee/putihan pada A yaitu 90% dan pada B yaitu 10%, ikan mata besar/wanggi pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%, ikan pari/pe pada A yaitu 100% dan pada B yaitu 0%.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Produksi Nelayan di Desa Kradenan Kecamatan Palang Kabupaten Tuban
Authors: Munir Miftachul
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini adalah meneliti tentang adakah pengaruh secara bersama-sama: Modal, Keahlian, Lama Melaut dan Iklim terhadap produksi nelayan yang sekaligus sebagai rumusan maalah penelitian di Desa Bancar, Kecamatan Bancar Kabupaten Tuban Jawa Timur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh secara serentak atau bersama-sama: Modal, Keahlian, Lama Melaut dan Iklim terhadap produksi nelayan di Desa Bancar. Materi peneletian ini tentang faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi nelayan, yang  menganalisa faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi produksi nelayan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode  random sampling  terhadap nelayan Desa Bancar sebagai populasi, Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel adalah menggunakan rumus Slovin. Teknik pengambilan datanya menggunakan random sampling. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mendapat gambaran faktual dan konkrit mengenai keadaan sosial ekonomi nelayan di Desa Bancar Kecamatan Bancar Kabupaten Tuban Jawa Timur. Metode analisis data yang adalah analisis regresi linier yang di transformasikan ke Logaritma Natural (Ln). Transformasi dalam penelitian ini digunakan untuk menyamakan dalam perhitungan regresi berganda. Adanya perbedaan dalam pemberian satuan yaitu untuk modal dengan mengunakan satuan rupiah, Keahlian dengan menggunakan satuan orang, lama melaut dengan menggunakan satuan jam dan  hasil produksi dengan menggunakan satuan kg, dengan demikian transformasi data ini di gunakan dalam menganalisis penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian ini, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa hubungan modal, Keahlian, Lama Melaut, dan iklim terhadap hasil produksi dengan penjelasan R Hitung 0,908 > 0,825 R Tabel maka H0 dinyatakan DITOLAK. Kondisi analisis hitung Regresi Berganda yang menyatkanan bahwa R Hitung 0,908 > 0,825 R Tabel ini menyatakan bahwa H1 DITERIMA.
Gambaran Kualitas Air dan Keberlanjutan Budidaya Kerang Hijau di Karamba Jaring Apung di Perairan Laut Banyuurip Melalui Studi Literatur dan Lokakarya Pemangku Kepentingan
Authors: Joesidawati Marita Ika , Suwarsih Suwarsih
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan lahan di sekitar perairan laut  Banyuurip pantai utara Ujung Pangkah, Gresik, Jawa Timur terhadap kualitas air dan keberlanjutan budidaya laut kerang hijau  (Perna viridis) sistem (karamba Jaring Apung (KJA) di sekitar perairan laut Banyuurip melalui sintesa literatur yang ada saat ini, lokakarya pemangku kepentingan,  dan pokmaswas “sadar wisata” Banyuurip yang mengelola area studi kasus.  Permasalahan kualitas air menjadi salah satu kendala untuk budidaya laut   kerang hijau dengan sistem KJA dan mengeksplorasi bahwa penggunaan lahan  saat ini diprediksi akan mempengaruhi keberlanjutan budidaya laut kerang hijau dengan KJA.  Pencemaran perairan akibat  pembuangan limbah pertanian, tambak, dan pemukiman penduduk sangat berpengaruh pada kegiatan budidaya laut kerang hijau. Standar kualitas perairan untuk kegiatan budidaya perikanan digunakan sebagai acuan, sehingga kerang hijau  yang dibudidayakan dapat  dikonsumsi manusia secara aman. Pencemaran lain yang mempengaruhi budidaya laut kerang hijau di perairan banyuurip ini antara lain padatan tersuspensi dari  muara sungai dan masukan nutris berlebih dari ekosistem mangrove. Evaluasi kemungkinan terjadi perubahan penurunan kualitas air  dengan mengeksplorasi berbagai skenario masa depan, dengan mempertimbangkan kebijakandan tren penggunaan lahan termasuk pertanian regeneratif dan intensif. Penggunaan energi terbarukan, penghijauan, pembangunan perkotaan dan perubahan iklim. Hasil menunjukkan Perlu adanya sinergitas antara sistem produksi pangan berbasis lahan dan perairan dengan pengaturan tata ruang penggunaan lahan secara berkelanjutan.
Communicating Science
Authors: Baker Michael , Schindler Thomas
Published: June 2022

The audience many medical writers may primarily serve is the scientific/medical community. However, there is a growing demand of society at large and of patients in particular that the science they support with their taxes and with their out-of-pocket expenses is explained to them. They want to know what scientists work on and what relevance their work has. They want to understand why a new drug that comes at a higher price is apparently better than established cheaper products. With the growing demand of informing nonspecialists and the public comes an additional responsibility for medical  communicators. We need to continue finding and defining best practices in communicating science to nonexpert audiences.
GELENEKSEL RAMAZAN EĞLENCELERİNİN TURİSTİK BAKIŞ AÇISIYLA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇAM Oğuz , ÇELİK Cengiz
Published: June 2022

Geleneksel Ramazan eğlenceleriyle ilgili ortaya çıkan gelişmelerin dinsel, inançsal, ekonomik ve toplumsal yönlerinin ağır bastığı, bu eğlencelerin turistik açıdan derinlemesine olarak pek irdelenmediği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın meydana getirilmesindeki amaç, geleneksel Ramazan eğlencelerini turistik bir bakış açısıyla değerlendirmektir ve çalışma, Ramazan eğlencelerinin turizm açısından büyük bir potansiyelinin bulunduğunu ve oldukça kayda değer olduğunu vurgulamak yönünden önem arz etmektedir. Geleneksel Ramazan eğlencelerine ilişkin belli başlı bilgilerin turistik bakış açısıyla yorumlanması ve harmanlanması bağlamında çalışmanın temel çerçevesi ortaya konmaya çalışılmaktadır. Çalışma, teorik ağırlıklıdır. Çalışma sonucunda geleneksel Ramazan eğlencelerinin turistik açıdan önemli olduğu kanısına varılmakta ve Ramazan ayının manevi ikliminin, turistlerin geleneksel Ramazan eğlenceleri tercihlerine mevcut ve olası etkilerinin ele alınması önerilmektedir.
ÇEVRİMİÇİ OYUNLAR VE İNTİHAR: MAVİ BALİNA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ÇETİN Semire
Published: June 2022

Teknolojinin gelişimiyle birlikte hayatımıza giren çevrimiçi oyunlar özellikle ergenlik dönemindeki bireylerin dikkatini çekmektedir. Bu oyunların birçoğunun savaş olgusunu, silahları ve şiddeti içerdiği açık olarak görülmektedir. Çalışmamızın çıkış noktası olan Mavi Balina oyunu direkt olarak bireye yönelik bir oyundur. Bireyin, oyun kurucuları tarafından verilen görevleri yerine getirilmesi zorunlu kılınmakta eğer yerine getirmezse aile bireylerinden birinin öldürülmesiyle tehdit edildiği bilinmektedir. Oyuncuya aile bireylerinden birinin öldürülmesi görevi verildikten sonra oyuncu görevi reddedince intihara sürüklendiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında bireylerin oyunlar yüzünden hayatlarına son verdikleri ve ailelerin, çocukların internet kullanımı açısından bilinçlendirilmesi gerektiği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Çalışmamızın literatüre katkı sağlaması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın yöntemi olarak örnek olay seçilmiştir. Örnek olay, Adana’da 2020 yılında gerçekleşmiştir.

Alınabilecek önlemlerin önemi çok büyüktür. Sonuç olarak intihara sürüklenmekte olan bireyin davranış değişikliklerinin fark edilmesi ve bunu önlemeye yönelik çözümler getirilmelidir.
Responses of Tillering Stipa breviflora Traits to a Long-Term Grazing Gradient
Authors: Li Jiangwen , Han Guodong , Kang Saruul , Zhang Xiaoxi , Li Cai
Published: June 2022

The
Stipa breviflora
desert steppe is an important component of the Eurasian steppe, and its ecosystem functions are directly affected by changes in the individual functional traits of
S. breviflora
. Based on 14 years of data from the grazing experiment in
S. breviflora
desert steppe, we investigated changes in the individual tillering traits of
S. breviflora
in response to four levels (none, light, moderate, heavy) of long-term grazing. The results showed that: (

i

) long-term grazing resulted in a greater decrease in species richness and increased biomass contribution of
S. breviflora
in the communities; (

ii

) long-term grazing resulted in significant differences in aboveground/belowground plant tillering functional traits and their relationships under different grazing intensities; (

iii

) the leaf biomass of
S. breviflora
tillering individuals was strongly dependent on leaf number, while the change in root biomass was strongly dependent on the total root length, specific root length, root furcation number, and root crossing number. The response of
S. breviflora
biomass to grazing intensity and its relation to tillering individual traits revealed that long-term grazing leads to vast tillering in
S. breviflora
tussock and significant changes in
S. breviflora
tillering traits, which will have a profound influence on the function of the desert grassland ecosystem.
"Kön har ingen betydelse men könsblandning är bra": "könsgörande" i två professionella sammanhang
Authors: Eriksson Kristina , Eriksson Maria
Published: June 2022

The artide discusses how respondents from two professional groups - medical doctors and family law secretaries - "do" gender when they talk about and (re)present themselves in their professional and organisational contexts. The respondents' stories about themselves as professionals and their professional work are analysed as gendered and gendering organisational practices. On the one hand gender is perceived as irrelevant in these professional contexts. On the other hand the respondents simultaneously talk about a mix of genders in positive terms. The paradox mention above is our analytical point of entry and by discussing how "gender neutrality" and "the good mix of genders" are constructed and related to each other we want to contribute to an increased knowledge about tightly interwoven construction processes of gender, organisation and profession. In the artide we show different ways of reading and presenting inter-views, exemplify the variety of processes of gender construction in our empirical material as well as show how the analysis of one "case" of doing gender can be elaborated. A complementary gender dichotomy seems to be a culturally hegemonic frame for doing gender and it seems to be a stable condition for the organisation-, profession- and genderconstructing processes we are discussing here. It is primarily stability that is in focus in the article. However, we also point out examples of how hegemonic constructions of gender are challenged. Through the analysis we demonstrate among other things how closely the processes mentioned above are interwoven with a naturalised heterosexuality. We also show how the paradox - "gender is irrelevant, but gender matters" - is dissolved either through the construction of gender as something else than professionalism, or through the construction of gender differences as contributing to professionalism. Regardless of whether gender is "done" irrelevant or relevant to professionalism, gendered power structures remains a nonissue.
Kvinna-i-tillblivelse. Könsskillnaden på nytt
Authors: Braidotti Rosi
Published: June 2022

In this article, a shortened version of the first chapter in her book Metamorphoses: Towards a Materialist Theory of Becoming, Rosi Braidotti discusses the concept of sexual difference by comparing feminist theory to post-structuralist - especially Luce Irigaray's radical feminist bodily materialism to Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of 'becoming'. These theories share a number of crucial assumptions, one is a stated desire to move beyond Lacanianism. But whereas Irigaray wants to replace the phallic signifier with a female symbolic, expressed in an imaginary no longer mediated by Phallus, Deleuze's nomadic approach instead suggests a rethinking of subjectivity without any symbolic system whatsoever. The main dividing line between them is, according to Braidotti, a different emphasis on sexual difference understood as the dissymetrical relationship between the sexes. Here she depicts a tension that points to the difficulties involved in freeing the subject Woman from the subjugated position of Other. From a feminist perspective the redefinition of female subjectivity is how to make the feminine express 'different difference', released from the hegemonic framework of oppositional, binary thinking within which Western philosophy has confined it. The focus is as much on the deconstruction of the phallogocentric representations of the feminine, as on the experience and the potential becoming of real-life women, in their diverse ways of inhabititing the subject position of Woman. Deleuze's ultimate aim to move towards the final overcoming of sexual difference, cannot solve the main problem for feminists, Braidotti argues: one cannot deconstruct a subjectivity one has never been fully granted control over. Still in these two diverse ways of theorising difference - Irigaray's multiple, "no-one" feminine sexuality and Deleuxe's theory of the folded and unfolding intensive subject of becoming - Braidotti discerns a serious challenge to both the liberal vision of the autonomous subject and to the psychoanalytic dialectics of lack, loss and signification. She observes a shared view on the universalistic posture of separating the symbolic from the material as the mark of the partriarchal, cash-nexus of power, and in this unity traces the emergence of a new radical materialist type of politics.
Både-och och varken-eller. På besök i bi-positionernas gränsland
Authors: Bertilsdotter Hanna
Published: June 2022

This artide discusses constructions and reproductions of social groups by using examples from two areas of research - bisexuality and biraciality. If bi-positions are ignored in the study of sexual categories, the dominant positions of hetero- and homosexual tend to be represented as stable opposites. The author therefore finds it important to include the function of bi-positions to problematize this polarity. A deeper analysis of bi-positions, the "abjected börder terrorists", is likely to destabilize both poles.The author also questions the naive idea of bisexuals as independent in relation to the dominant sexual discourse, making them free agents. On the contrary, whether we understand bisexuals as either marginalized or in between hetero and homo, they are nevertheless part of the sexual discourse. Bi-positions, such as bisexuals, biracials and other kinds of social in-betweens are analyzed in terms of "both/and", "either/or" and "neither/nor".
Kampen om gudinnan. Lina Guptas hinduiska feministteologi
Authors: Hellman Eva
Published: June 2022

feminist theology by exploring her employment of seven interpretative strategies for stripping Hinduism of its patriarchal clothing. Women's experience and praxis serve as starting points, and norms of evaluation for her theologising. In the section on Gupta's employment of the strategy of selection, I argue that one of her priorities is to make visible and to extricate patriarchal interpretations from previous understandings of Kali. She successively unravels the "phantasms" of misogyny, androcentrism and hierarchisation in texts, myths and conceptions of the goddess, of femininity, and of normative womanhood. A hermenutics of suspicion thus helps Gupta to identify interpretations ofthe goddess that devaluefemininity and urge for the control of the goddess/femininity by a male god or a male principle. The strategy of consent is also foundational for Lina Gupta's Kali theology. She consents to images and understandings of Kali that are freed from patriarchal trappings, in line with the assumed egalitarian core of Hinduism and to the benefit of women. A holistic understanding of Kali is still another of Gupta's interpretative strategies. The goddess is identified with the ultimate principle, she is transcendent and immanent and she encompasses femininity and masculinity. Thus she is not subordinated to a male god or a male principle. Liberation is a sixth hermenutical key. For Gupta, Kali represents a way of facing and transcending any limitation, be it spiritual or mundane, self-created or imposed by others. A radical re-imagining of gender has been recognised as still another interpretative strategy. By understanding masculinity/femininity as human essences inherent in every individual, Gupta distances herself from the established Sanskritic gender order that links the essences of masculinity and femininity to biological sex and maintains the necessity of strictly gendered social roles. By combining an essentialistic and a constructivist approach concerning gender, Gupta's Kali theology represents what I have called a humanistic gender order that stresses the equality between women and men at symbolic/ideological, social and psychological levels.
"Kvinnlig maskulinitet" och "manlig femininitet". En möjlighet att överskrida könsdikotomin?
Authors: Nordberg Marie
Published: June 2022

This artide problematises, from a poststructuralist and queer perspective, the linking of men and masculinity, which is common in the main part of Men's Studies. The genealogy of the concepts is discussed and also how Connell, Kimmel and Hearn, the Second Wave feminism and poststructuralists have used them. Judith Halberstam's concepts of "female masculinity" and "male femininity" are then suggested as a fruitful way to exceed the sex dichotomy. By focusing on how both femininity and masculinity are materialised and used in identity constructions of both men and women, it is argued that a more complex understanding of gender is possible. Halberstam's concept is also linked to Lisa Adkin's discussion of gender flexibility in the late modern labour märket, and to Adkin's argument that new gender hierarchies are hidden behind what is supposed to be more equal gender relations. In the last part of the artide the author exemplifies from a study of men in female occupations how men working as nurses, hairdressers and pre-school teachers position themselves by using masculinity and femininity concepts. These men both integrate and position themselves in contrast to femininity and masculinity concepts. While feminine characteristics are highly prefered, femininity connected with gay men is by the heterosexual matrix made unthinkable. In conclusion it is argued that in the future gender researchers need to problematise heterosexual gender presumptions and study how both women and men perform femininity and masculinity.
Avmaskulinisering. Ett alternativ till omkodning av kön?
Authors: Ottosson Anders
Published: June 2022

At the turn of the 19th century, the PhysicalTherapy profession in Sweden saw the beginning of a complete gender transformation. In 1934 itchanged from having been a highly esteemed, scientifically ambitious profession, practiced by male upper-class and nobleman-officers, into a low-paid semiprofession on the "backyard" of the medical sciences dominated by a female workforce. In trying to explain this gender recoding of the Physical Therapy profession, the article departs from those currents of gender- and professionalization theory which aim to explain the "sex changes" of a profession in terms of feminization and masculinization, in that it calls for a supplementary terminology. In order to adequately explain the gendered history ofthe PhysicalTherapy profession, it is argued that a new term is needed - demasculinization. To renderthe increased inclination of women to embark on a Physical Therapy career more understandable, the article suggests a sidestep from theories of genderand power that trust an analytical focus on the battle between the sexes to deliver exhaustive explications on why and how women are able to enter and act in environments controlled by men and male institutions. Claiming that such theories may lead the analysis of how gender transformations are initiated in the labour märket into a deadend, the article guides the discussion through an alternative route. The analysis proceeds by way ofthe battles for power between men and male hierarchies, rather than through those between men and women. In the case of Physical Therapy, the homosocial conflict between physicians and physical therapists becomes central. The strategies employed by the two sides in this battle are identified as demasculinizing, and this process becomes a necessary precondition for the process of feminization, which does not take place until låter.
Mannen utan egenskaper. Kulturella perspektiv på maskuliniteter i vardande
Authors: Ljung Anna , Lennartsson Rebecka
Published: June 2022

Our project "The man without characteristics. Cultural perspectives on a changing masculinity" explores cultural constructions of masculinity as they appear in the activities of crises centres for men. In this article we focus on two different areas of counselling in order to discuss contemporary masculinity. Anna Ljung focuses on counselling and support for men undergoingdivorce. Drawingonthe phenomenology of Michael Jackson, Ljung explores how human freedom/agency can be understood in relation to societalstructures. In order to do this she approaches masculinity from three analytical levels: the structural, the cultural and as experienced. In her section ofthe article she asks whether it is relevant to talk about a masculinity in crisis and, if that is the case, what this crisis consists of. Ljung shows that constructions of masculinity that socially are taken for granted, are being criticised in different forums for public discourse. This critique has created an asymmetry between cultural constructions of masculinity and individual experiences of being a man. The demand to think about oneself as a man in the absence of socially recognised models of a good masculinity leads to an experience of uncertainty. Ljung condudes her section with a discussion on how this uncertainty is linked to a more general contemporary cultural uncertainty, in which the norms for behaviour and attitudes increasingly appears as ambivalence. This ambivalence may provide us with the possibility to question constructions of sex that are taken for granted. In 1999, a new law transformed buying of sex from prostitutes into an illegal act. This law gave Sweden an unique position in the history of prostitution by focusing only on the buying part. In her section "The buyer of sex - from norm to deviation", Rebecka Lennartsson takes a closer look on the counselling that the men's movement provides for men who buy sex from prostitutes. She is interested in changes in the discourses on buyers of sex. Within a dominating psychological discourse, buyers of sex are now often defined as sexually deviant and they are starting to be explored, defined and categorized. What are these changes an expression of? How can we understand this "discovery" of the buyer of sex as a category? Do these changes reflect more fundamental changes in the ways in which relations between the sexes, power and sexuality are organised in the society? And do these changes support or obstruct a feminist project? In this section, Lennartsson identifies some general features in this discourse, and concludes with a discussion on what kind of knowledge a cultural perspective on this development could produce.
Forskning om män och maskuliniteter i Finland
Authors: Lammi-Taskula Johanna
Published: June 2022

During the last two decades, several books and artides on men and masculinities have been published in Finland - mainly in Finnish. The purpose of this article is to make this research known for readers who do not read Finnish. The first wave of books on men in the 1980's were not related to gender equality, instead these books were mostly qualitative studies on men's relation to alcohol. The first bibliography on studies on men was published by the Council for Equality in 1986. During 1990's, several antologies with a gender perspective on men were published, where the relations of hegemonic masculinity, violence, sexuality, care, emotions, religion and sports were studied. A collection of men's life histories gave material to several studies, and at the turn of the century a critical perspective on men and masculinities became more explicit. Although the legacy of feminist theories is much respected, alternative ways of discussing men and power are also sought. As work with theories, concepts and methods proceeds, new empirical analysis of men's lives is also needed. Political and economical power as well as friendship and support have been evaluated as important future themes in studies of men and masculinities.
Intersektionalitet - ett oanvändbart begrepp?
Authors: Carbin Maria , Tornhill Sofie
Published: June 2022

Den debatt kring intersektionalitet som inleddes med Nina Lykkes artikel i Kvt 1.03 fortsätter: Det är "nödvändigt att på allvar börja problematisera vad rasism och globala maktförhållanden betyder i ett svenskt feministiskt sammanhang", menar statsvetarna Maria Carbin och Sofie Tomhill i sitt inlägg.
Occult Bronchial Foreign Bodies—Analysis of Own Material
Authors: Szafrański Wojciech , Dobielski Jarosław , Papiewski Wojciech , Czechowska Urszula
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The aspiration of a foreign body is usually combined with acute clinical symptoms requiring immediate medical intervention. Nevertheless, in approximately one third of patients the symptoms of aspiration are less prominent; such a clinical condition is called occult bronchial foreign body (OBFB). The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of OBFB in the pulmonary unit of a district hospital and to evaluate the diagnostic difficulties and treatment modalities in such patients. Material and methods: The examined group consisted of patients hospitalized in the Department of Lung Diseases in Radom District Hospital. A retrospective analysis of medical records was preformed. Results: In the period 1978–2008—12 patients (10 males, 2 females) were hospitalized due to OBFB. The foreign bodies occluded the bronchi over 2 months (3 to 7) in 4 patients. The moment of aspiration was not remembered by 8 patients. Cases of OBFB were rare. In the presented material the frequency was 4 per 10,000 hospitalizations and 8 per 10,000 bronchoscopies. In our region of 600,000 population the index of hospitalization due to OBFB in adults (>14 years of age) was 0.07 per 100,000 inhabitants/year. Foreign bodies mainly included bone fragments (5 cases), vegetal remnants—clove of garlic, ear of corn (3 patients), and other food remnants (2 patients). Occasionally other aspirates were found, such as a wooden peg or a piece of plastic. The aspiration took place mostly during meals. The patients developed one or more of the following symptoms: purulent pneumonia (3 cases), pleural empyema (1 case), atelectasis (5 cases), and recurrent bronchitis and pneumonia (2 cases). The foreign body (fragments of plants) was mimicking a bronchial tumour in 4 patients. Fibre optic or rigid bronchoscopy was applied successfully in 11 patients. Only one patient needed surgical intervention. Conclusions: OBFB is a rare condition, but has to be taken into consideration as a cause of chest radiological pathology and in patients with chronic and/or recurrent inflammatory disease of the respiratory system.
Leczenie Zaawansowanego Niedrobnokomórkowego Raka Płuca—W Którym Miejscu Jesteśmy?
Authors: Milanowski Janusz , Szmygin-Milanowska Katarzyna
Published: June 2022

Lung cancer is the most common cancer in Poland and in the world, unfortunately diagnosed too late, and combined with a very poor prognosis. For most patients with NSCLC the only possibility of treatment is palliative therapy, including chemotherapy and, in the recent years, molecular targeted therapy. In first-line treatment, cisplatine-based “doublets” are most effective, and in second-line, pemetreksed and docetaxel are used. Recently, maintenance chemotherapy has been introduced. Although standard chemotherapy improves the quality of life in the patients with advanced NSCLC, due to significant toxicity such treatment should be applied only in patients in good performance status. The introduction of targeted therapy, based on the molecular profile of the patient has allowed the management to be personalized, which may result in more effective treatment and may be safer for the patient.
Postępy w Pneumonologii w 2012 Roku
Authors: Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa , Bestry Iwona , Korzeniewska-Koseła Maria , Kuś Jan , Michałowska Ilona , Opoka Lucyna , Radzikowska Elżbieta , Tomkowski Witold , Zieliński Jan
Published: June 2022

Przewlekła obturacyjna choroba płuc (POChP) jest trzecią lub czwartą przyczyną zgonu na świecie po nowotworach, chorobach serca i naczyń oraz (w niektórych krajach) śmierci z przyczyn gwałtownych. Wszelkie aspekty choroby od jej patogenezy do paliatywnej opieki pod koniec życia są przedmiotem badań bardzo licznych zespołów naukowców [...]
The UK Experience of COPD National Audit
Authors: Roberts C. Michael
Published: June 2022

Compared with most European countries the UK has a relatively long tradition of participation in clinical audit following the publication in 1989 of a government document ‘Working for Patients’ [...]
Professor Paul Sadoul (1918–2011) and His Polish Friends. In Memoriam
Authors: Radwan Leszek , Kowalski Janusz , Zieliński Jan , Hałuszka Janusz , Marek Kazimierz
Published: June 2022

Ze smutkiem dowiedzieliśmy się [...]
Pulmonary Actinomycosis—A Case Report
Authors: Drozd-Werel Małgorzata , Porzezińska Maria , Cynowska Bogumiła , Garbicz Sławomir , Kuziemski Krzysztof , Słomiński Jan , Iżycka-Świeszewska Ewa
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare disease caused by Actinomyces sp. Its symptoms and radiological findings are not characteristic, so the diagnosis might be difficult to establish. We report a case of a 59 year old male, who developed bronchopulmonary Actinomycosis due to poor dental hygiene. The infectious process affected lung parenchyma and infiltrated chest wall causing multifocal sternal osteolisis and multiple cutaneous fistulas. The radiological findings sugested neoplasmatical process. The diagnosis was based on histopatological findings of fistular scrapes. The material contained Actinomyces colonies. Afler 6 months of antibiotic therapy the patient’s state improved and the cutaneous fistulas healed. Radiological finding revealed partial resolution of the lung infiltration.
Evaluation of Placebo Effect in Treatment of Asthma Based Onmetaanalysis of Trials on Selected Antiasthmatic Drugs
Authors: Radziwiłł Konstanty , Kruszewski Jerzy
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Apart from the well-studied mechanisms of disease course modification, many therapeutic interventions, at leastin part, exert non-specific effects on patients. These effects can be measured by patient self-assessment or by technicalanalyses. The aim of the study was to assess the extent of placebo effect in the treatment of asthma based on revaluation ofresults of high-quality trials on inhaled antiasthmatic drugs and in the context of various applied investigative methods. Material and methods: A systematic search of the Medline database (using the Entrez Pubmed browser) was performedusing international drug names and English terms: inhaled, randomised, placebo-controlled. The aim of the search was toidentify trials on the efficacy of inhaled antiasthmatic drugs. Of the returned 454 studies, 41 were further included inmetaanalysis and assessed for correlations between drug effects and respective applied investigative methods. For com-parison, analogical analysis was performed for captopril, with 232 identified published studies of which 10 were included inthe metaanalysis. Results: The placebo effect in the treatment of asthma was significantly stronger (29%) as compared to the placebo effect ofcaptopril in patients treated for arterial hypertension (17%). The placebo effect was more prominent in studies applyingclinical (subjective) indicators of drug efficacy as compared to trials using objective (device-based) methods of drug effectmeasurement. Conclusions: The placebo effect is more prominent in treatment of asthma as compared to pharmacotherapy of arterialhypertension. Its extent depends on the applied methods of drug efficacy measurement and is often greater if only clinicalindicators are used. This phenomenon can lead to different interpretations of treatment goals in asthma as perceived by thephysician and the patient. This also points out the necessity of patient activation in taking control over his/her disease so asto achieve a better and more satisfying treatment result.
Depression in Patients with Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Gomułka Krzysztof , Szczepaniak Wioletta
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyse depressive disorders of various degrees in patients with diagnosis ofbronchial asthma of different intensity. Materials and methods: The study population included 120 subjects, of which 80 patients had diagnosis of bronchialasthma of different duration and intensity of symptoms and were hospitalized between 2008 and 2010 in the Department ofInternal Diseases, Geriatrics, and Allergology, Medical Academy (study group). The remaining 40 subjects had no chronicrespiratory diseases (control group). Each patient underwent clinical examination including disease history collection andphysical examination, followed by resting spirometry. The degree of depressive disorder was assessed using Beck Depres-sion Inventory (BDI) in all subjects. Results: The intensity of depressive disorder correlated with the degree of bronchial asthma. Men presented depressionsignificantly more often in the analysed population. Conclusions: The occurrence of depression and its symptoms of varying intensity in patients with bronchial asthma maypose a problem for patient compliance, at times necessitating psychiatric consultation and adequate therapy. Depressivedisorders may also manifest worsening of asthma control and decreased quality of life in these patients.
Postępy w diagnostyce sarkoidozy płuc
Authors: Ziora Dariusz , Jastrzębski Dariusz , Labus Łukasz
Published: June 2022

Sarkoidoza jest wielonarządową chorobą, charakteryzującą się powstawaniem nieserowaciejących ziarniniaków. Najczęstsza lokalizacja w sarkoidozie (u 80–90% chorych) dotyczy płuc i węzłów chłonnych wewnątrz klatki piersiowej. Sarkoidozę rozpoznaje się na podstawie obrazu klinicznego i wykazaniu w badaniu histopatologicznym nieserowaciejących ziarniniaków. Przydatnymi metodami obrazowymi w diagnostyce sakoidozy płuc są: tomografia komputerowa o wysokiej rozdzielczości oraz pozytronowa tomografia emisyjna. W przypadku chorych z zespołem Löfgrena rozpoznanie sarkoidozy można postawić bez konieczności biopsji narządowej. W diagnostyce sarkoidozy stosowano biopsję Danielsa, mediastinoskopię, biopsję endobronchialną, przezoskrzelową biopsję płuca, ślepą przezoskrzelową biopsję cienkoigłową oraz płukanie oskrzelowo-pęcherzykowe, które są diagnostyczna średnio w 60–85% przypadków. Obecnie w diagnostyce sarkoidozy w I i II stopniu zaawansowania można zastosować biopsję przezoskrzelową pod kontrolą ultrasonografii (EBUS-FNA) czy też biopsję przezprzełykową pod kontrolą ultrasonografii (EUS-FNA), dzięki którym można zrezygnować z wykonywania mediastinoskopii. Połączenie tych obu metod stwarza możliwość rozpoznania sarkoidozy w ponad 83–90% przypadków przy swoistości wynoszącej blisko 100%.
REGULAMIN NAGRODY Redaktora Naczelnego “Pneumonologii i Alergologii Polskiej”
Authors: Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska Editorial Office
Published: June 2022

1. Nagroda jest formą indywidualnego uhonorowania autorów najlepszych prac opublikowanych w “Pneumonologii i Alergologii Polskiej” [...]
Rola szczepień ochronnych w profilaktyce POChP. Komentarz do artykułu D. Góreckiej i E. Puścińskiej pt. “Profilaktyka przewlekłej obturacyjnej choroby płuc”
Authors: Zielonka Tadeusz
Published: June 2022

W “Pneumonologii i Alergologii Polskiej” ukazał się niedawno artykuł dotyczący profilaktyki przewlekłej obturacyjnej choroby płuc (POChP) [...]
Odpowiedź autorek na komentarz T.M. Zielonki “Rola szczepień ochronnych w profilaktyce POChP”
Authors: Górecka Dorota , Puścińska Elżbieta
Published: June 2022

Dziękujemy za komentarz Panu Doktorowi [...]
Trials of Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure—Spontaneous in Patients with Complex Sleep Apnoea
Authors: Kuźniar Tomasz J. , Kasibowska-Kuźniar Kamilla , Freedom Thomas
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Patients with complex sleep apnoea (CompSAS) have obstructive sleep apnoea and experience persistent central apnoeas when exposed to positive airway pressure. Elevated loop gain is one of the postulated mechanisms of CompSAS. We speculated that bilevel positive airway pressure—spontaneous (BPAP-S), by producing relative hyperventilation, may more readily produce CompSAS activity than continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). If found to do so, a trial of BPAP-S might be a simple way of identifying patients with elevated loop gain who are at risk for CompSAS. Materials and methods: Thirty-nine patients with complex sleep apnoea were included in the study. Segments of NREM sleep on CPAP and BPAP-S matched for body position and expiratory airway pressure (“comparison pressure”) were retrospectively analysed. Correlations between clinical and demographic variables and polysomnographic response to CPAP and BPAP-S were sought. Results: There was no difference in any of the polysomnographic indices on CPAP and BPAP-S. In 19 patients the use of CPAP was associated with lower AHI at the comparison pressure; in 20 patients the opposite was true. No clinical variables correlated to the differential response to CPAP vs. BPAP-S. Conclusions: BPAP-S was not more effective than CPAP in stimulating complex sleep apnoea activity.
The Bleeding into the Emphysematosus Bulla Imitating Lung Tumor
Authors: Trzciński Mirosław , Folcik Krystyna , Burakowska Barbara , Błasińska Katarzyna , Wiatr Elżbieta
Published: June 2022

Bleeding into the lung parenchyma is a rare phenomenon that usually occurs as a result of chest trauma, other causes are anticoagulant therapy, and infections. The following case presents a patient admitted to the hospital due to haemoptysis, which was a symptom of bleeding into the emphysematosus bulla caused by anticoagulation therapy. The decisive diagnostic examination was chest magnetic resonance. This imaging method allows the precise differentiation of tissues. Using modern imaging techniques can often dispense with invasive diagnostic methods.
The Influence of Treatment with Formoterol, Formoterol with Tiotropium, Formoterol with Inhaled Glucocorticosteroid and Tiotropium on Lung Functions, Tolerance of Exercise and Simple, Morning Everyday Activities in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Authors: Szmidt Mirosław
Published: June 2022

Bronchodilators—long-acting β2-adrenergic agonists (formoterol and salmeterol) and a long-acting antimuscarinic drug (tiotropium), are the main drugs applied in symptomatic treatment of COPD. In patients with COPD, dyspnea is frequently associated with simple everyday activities. Two questionnaires have been published recently as a means of assessing the patients’ ability to perform morning activities and symptoms. Dynamic hyperinflation is the pathophysiological disorder responsible for dyspnea and decreased exercise tolerance in COPD. Formoterol is faster than salmeterol in diminishing air-trapping. It has been shown that treatment with formoterol and tiotropium in COPD patients improves FEV1 , FVC, IC, symptoms score and quality of life in comparison with tiotropium applied alone. Among LABA and inhaled glucocorticosteroids combinations, those containing formoterol have a more beneficial effect on the ability to perform simple morning activities (budesonide/formoterol was better than fluticasone/salmeterol). Beclomethasone/formoterol—400/24 mcg/die, in comparison with fluticasone/salmeterol—500/100 mcg/die significantly reduced air-trapping and dyspnea in COPD patients. The comparison of budesonide/formoterol—400/12 mcg 2 × die with beclomethasone/ /formoterol—200/12 mcg 2 × die has shown similar influence of both combinations on FEV1 , dyspnea, 6-minute walk test, symptoms score and quality of life. The addition of budesonide and formoterol combination to tiotropium gives further benefits: reduces number of exacerbations, improves FEV1 , symptoms score and performance of simple morning routines. Doctors should pay more attention to symptoms and limitations in simple activities in the morning and adequately adjust the treatment.
Nowości z Kongresu ERS w Amsterdamie 24–28 września 2011
Authors: Kuca Paweł , Puścińska Elżbieta , Szpechciński Adam , Chorostowska-Wynimko Joanna , Szturmowicz Monika
Published: June 2022

W 2011 roku nie zmienił się skład zarządu grupy European Respiratory Society do spraw intensywnej terapii w pneumonologii—jej przewodniczącym jest Paolo Pelosi (Genua, Włochy) [...]
International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, American Thoracic Society, and European Respiratory Society Recommendations on the Microscopic Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Langfort Renata , Szołkowska Małgorzata
Published: June 2022

In February 2011 ample recommendations concerning the new classification of primary lung adenocarcinoma and the diagnostic evaluation of small biopsies and cytology specimens were published [...]