bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green-synthesized Silver Nanoparticle as Effective Antibiofilm Agent
Authors: Lahiri Dibyajit , Mukherjee Indranil , Ghosh Shreyasi , Biswas Subhanip , Nag Moupriya , Ray Rina Rani
Published: June 2020

Biofilm is the sessile group of organisms that adhere irreversibly with the biotic and abiotic surface with the help of pilli and extracellular polymeric substance [EPS] which comprises of carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids that provides nutrition to the developing microcolonies
and it also prevents the penetration of drug molecules upto the cells thus rendering antibiotic and antimicrobial resistance. Antibiotics are still considered to be one of the potent antimicrobial agents which helps in removing the biofilm. This results in the overuse of antibiotics thereby
developing antibiotic resistance within the microorganisms. Thus an alternative pathway to develop compounds or materials having potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties is the need of present hour. Nanoparticles have at least one dimension and are extremely small in size ranging between
1-100 nm so it can easily penetrate in the cells of the microorganisms. But over use of this metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles can cause toxic effect on the living cells. Thus, green synthesized nanoparticles are very useful alternative because it is made up from natural sources and are
less harmful to living beings. Green-synthesized silver nanoparticles has provided an alternate pathway in removing the biofilm being formed upon the biotic and abiotic surfaces. This review provides an overall concept upon the synthesis and the mode of action of Ag-NPs.
A NUMERICAL STUDY OF REACTIVE MHD FLOW OF THIRD GRADE FLUID
Authors: Okedayo G.T , Obi B.I. , Olawuyi O.M.
Published: June 2020

The computational analysis of reactive MHD third grade fluid in an electrically conductive cylindrical channel with axial Magnetic field is carried out in this study. The weighted residual collocation method is used as a computational method of solution and a parametric study of the
influence of various thermosphysical parameter is conducted and it was observed that critical values of the Frank–Kamenetskii and the third grade parameter exist for which the solution seizes to be unique.
PI, REVISITED
Authors: Chatterjee A. K.
Published: June 2020

An attempt is made to show how an important mathematical constant (namely Π), in use for ages, is evaluated computers are used, no doubt, but what is the philosophy behind the program created to carry out the evaluation (to any specified degree of accuracy). The discussion
focuses on what exactly is (or are) the cornerstone(s) of such programs.
Field Aided Semiconductor Superlattices, the Einstein Relation and All That
Authors: Pal J. , Debbarma M. , Debbarma N. , Basu Mallik Paulami , Ghatak K. P.
Published: June 2020

In this paper we study the Einstein relation for the diffusivity mobility ratio (DMR) under magnetic quantization in III-V, II-VI, IV-VI and HgTe/CdTe SLs with graded interfaces by formulating the appropriate electron statistics. We have also investigated the DMR in III-V, II-VI, IV-VI
and HgTe/CdTe effective mass SLs in the presence of quantizing magnetic field respectively. The DMRs in quantum wire GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs, CdS/CdTe, PbTe/PbSnTe and HgTe/CdTe SLs and the corresponding effective mass SLs have further been studied. It appears that the DMR oscillates
both with inverse quantizing magnetic field and electron concentration for GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs, CdS/CdTe, PbTe/PbSnTe and HgTe/CdTe superlattices with graded interfaces. The DMR decreases with increasing film thickness and decreasing electron concentration for the said superlattices
under 2D quantization of wave vector space.
O Paciente Morre: Eis a Questão
Authors: Falcão Eliane Brigida Morais , Lino Gilson Gomes da Silva
Published: June 2020

Resumo: O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar como o tema morte é bordado no decorrer da formação médica de uma faculdade. A abordagem metodológica foi a da pesquisa qualitativa, e os dados foram coletados no início e no fim do curso de medicina. Os resultados indicaram que os estudantes reconhecem papéis relevantes para o médico no acompanhamento do processo de morte de seus pacientes, mas afirmam que não recebem formação específica para isso. Na finalização do curso, identificou-se uma mudança de foco na atenção dos estudantes: quando a família - e não mais o paciente terminal - se torna o foco maior de interesse. Outra mudança foi a percepção dos estudantes de que as situações entendida como preferenciais para o ensino da morte não são mais aquelas referentes às interações com o paciente moribundo, mas centram-se em ambientes hospitalares, e, em decorrência disto, na necessidade de um preparo técnico hospitalar. Conclui-se que tais resultados são formas de ajuste a uma realidade: como, no período de formação, não se concretizam as expectativas de formação específica para lidar com pacientes à morte, os estudantes buscam instruir-se em torno do papel de manutenção da vida humana no modelo de atendimento hospitalar e na perspectiva de reconhecimento da morte como um processo tecnicamente ordenado.
LEACHING AND CARRYOVER FOR SAFRINHA CORN OF THE HERBICIDES IMAZAPYR + IMAZAPIC IN SOIL UNDER DIFFERENT WATER CONDITIONS
Authors: SOUZA AMANDA DOS SANTOS , LEAL JÉSSICA FERREIRA LOURENÇO , LANGARO ANA CLAUDIA , CARVALHO GLEDSON SOARES DE , PINHO CAMILA FERREIRA DE
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Soil moisture can alter the transport and permanence of pre-emergent herbicides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of water availability in the soil on the leaching of a commercial mixture of the herbicides imazapyr + imazapic, as well as the carryover effect of this herbicide in corn planted in succession to soybean. The experiment was carried out in leaching columns in a randomized block design with 4 replications. A 3x3x2 factorial scheme was used, with factor A being the irrigation (130%, 100% and 70% of field capacity (CC)), factor B the doses of the commercial mixture of the herbicides imazapyr + imazapic (0.00+ 0.00; 52.5 + 17.5 and 105 + 35 g ha-1) and factor C at soil depth (0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m). Soybean sowing was performed at the top of the columns and immediately after herbicide mixture was applied. After 120 days the columns were opened, generating two sections, where corn (Zea mays) and the other watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) were sown as a bioindicator of herbicide residue. The fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll a at 15 and 30 days after germination (DAG) and shoot dry matter accumulation at 30 DAG were evaluated. There was greater retention of the herbicide imazapyr + imazapic at a depth of 0-0.3m at 70% CC condition and leaching at a depth of 0.3-0.6m at 130% CC condition, with a reduction in the mass accumulation of watermelon plants. The herbicide has a carryover potential for corn cultivation in soils maintained at 70% CC.
MINERALIZATION OF NITROGEN AND CARBON FROM ORGANIC COMPOST FROM ANIMAL PRODUCTION WASTE
Authors: ARAÚJO MARIA DIANA MELO , FEITOSA MARINA MONTEIRO , PRIMO ANACLAUDIA ALVES , TANIGUCHI CARLOS ALBERTO KENJI , SOUZA HENRIQUE ANTUNES DE
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Elucidating the mineralization of organic composts makes it possible to understand the release of nutrients to plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mineralization of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) from organic compost from residues of the production and slaughter of small ruminants, applied on a Neossolo Flúvico (Fluvents). The compost consists of remains of grass (forage), manure and slaughter residues such as blood, viscera and the carcass of goats and sheep. Under laboratory conditions, two experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, considering the doses of organic compost at the following levels: zero; 3.75, 7.5, 15 and 30 Mg ha-1. For the N and C mineralization tests, 11 and 32 collection times (sampling periods) were evaluated, respectively. Inorganic N content (ammonium and nitrate) was measured in the N mineralization test, and CO2-C concentration was quantified in the C mineralization test. The largest increments between the applied doses of organic compost from residues of the production and slaughter of small ruminants were 70% and 69% for potentially mineralizable N and C, with amounts of 7.5 and 30 Mg ha-1 at doses of 3.75 and 7.5 Mg ha-1, respectively. Organic C and N from residues of the production and slaughter of small ruminants are rapidly mineralized in the soil (up to 45 days) due to their low C/N ratio.
LEAF GAS EXCHANGE AND FLOWERING OF MANGO SPRAYED WITH BIOSTIMULANT IN SEMI-ARID REGION
Authors: MUDO LAIANE EUGÊNIA DELMONDES , LOBO JACKSON TEIXEIRA , CARREIRO DANIEL DE ALMEIDA , CAVACINI JEFERSON ANTÔNIO , SILVA LUAN DOS SANTOS , CAVALCANTE ÍTALO HERBERT LUCENA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of biostimulant containing amino acids and yeast extract on the physiological and reproductive characteristics of mango cv. Tommy Atkins during the shoot maturation phase in tropical semi-arid region. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with five treatments, five replications and five plants per plot. Treatments consisted of: T1) two foliar sprays with [biostimulant + KCl] + two foliar sprays with K2SO4; T2) No biostimulant and four foliar sprays with K2SO4; T3) three individual foliar sprays with biostimulant and one foliar spray with K2SO4; T4) two foliar sprays with biostimulant and two foliar sprays with K2SO4; and T5) two foliar sprays with [biostimulant + K2SO4] + one foliar spray with K2SO4. There is a positive effect of the biostimulant containing amino acids and yeast extract on transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, water-use efficiency and number of reproductive and non-differentiated shoots of mango cv. Tommy Atkins cultivated under tropical semi-arid condition, with attenuating effect on plant abiotic stress. For shoot maturation of mango cv. Tommy Atkins, three foliar sprays with biostimulant containing amino acids and yeast extract (10 mL per plant) and one with K2SO4 (3%), starting at 45 days after paclobutrazol application (T3), can be recommended.
PROFITABILITY OF ORGANIC PASSION FRUIT PRODUCTION USING TALL SEEDLINGS AND LONG ROOT SYSTEM
Authors: SILVA NILCILÉIA MENDES DA , SOUZA E SOUZA LUÍS GUSTAVO DE , UCHÔA THAYS LEMOS , ARAÚJO NETO SEBASTIÃO ELVIRO DE , SILVA SHYRLENE OLIVEIRA DA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT Passion fruit productivity in the state of Acre is lower than the national average, influenced by several factors, among them water stress in rainfed cultivation. Thus, aiming at alternatives for the drought period, this study aimed to evaluate the economic profitability of the use of tall seedlings and long root system in the cultivation of organic yellow passion fruit. Five root lengths were evaluated: 25 cm; 50 cm; 75 cm; 100 cm and 125 cm in a randomized block design, with four blocks and four plants per plot. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Rio Branco, state of Acre, at the “Seridó” Ecological Site from November 2015 to July 2017. For economic analysis, all fixed and varied costs such as seed production, orchard planting, crop management, phytosanitary control, harvesting and capital depreciation were considered. Analysis of variance and regression analysis were performed for productivity and economic indicators. Plants with root system with estimated length of 1.14 m promote higher fruit yield (7,613 kg ha-1), net revenue of R$ 17,665.44 ha-1, benefit/cost ratio of 2.5, profitability of 177.5%, remunerating the family labor with R$ 211.75 day-1. However, all treatments proved to be profitable.
PRODUCTION OF SEEDLINGS OF Psidium cauliflorum Landrum & Sobral
Authors: MENDONÇA ANDREA VITA REIS , SANTOS JIOVANA PEREIRA AMORIM , VERDE DENISE DOS SANTOS VILA , SOUZA MANUELA OLIVEIRA DE , SOUZA JOSIVAL SANTOS
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT In the absence of knowledge about the procedures for production of seedlings of particular tree species, determining the nursery production period and quality standards are normally priority aspects for studies. As there is no information on the propagation of P. cauliflorum in the literature, the objective of this study was to determine the length of stay in the nursery, the size of the container and the quality standards for the production of seedlings of this species, based on the performance in the nursery and in the field. The work was carried out in two stages. In the first, seedling growth was analyzed in the nursery and in the second stage their performance was analyzed in the field. We tested three container sizes: 55 cm3 (12.5 cm-length x 2.9 cm-internal diameter), 180 cm3 (13.5 cm x 5.2 cm) and 280 cm3 (19.0 cm x 5.2 cm) and different periods of seedling production in tubes (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days). It is recommended that P. cauliflorum seedlings be grown in containers of 180 cm3 (13.5 cm x 5.2 cm) and remain in these containers for at least 120 days. The experiment to assess post-planting performance was crucial to obtain conclusive results for the production of P. cauliflorum seedlings.
SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF RESISTANCE TO PENETRATION IN SOIL UNDER SUGARCANE CROPS WITH DIFFERENT HARVEST METHODS
Authors: SOUZA MAIRA DA CUNHA , OLIVEIRA FLAVIO PEREIRA DE , SILVA JOSÉVALDO RIBEIRO , MARTINS ADRIANA FERREIRA , SILVA PEDRO LUAN FERREIRA DA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the spatial variability of resistance to penetration in soil under sugarcane crops subjected to different harvest methods in the North Coast microregion of the state of Paraiba, Brazil. The study was conducted in a Typic Hapludult under sugarcane crops, at the farms Santa Emília-II and Maria da Luz-I of the company Miriri Food and Bioenergy S/A, in the municipalities of Rio Tinto and Capim, respectively, state of Paraíba, Brazil. Three sugarcane areas with different harvest methods (manual, mechanized, and manual/mechanized) were selected. The sampling was done in plots of 100 × 100 m, using a grid of 20 × 20 m, covering planting rows and interrows; each intersection point of the grid was georeferenced, and the soil mechanic resistance to penetration was evaluated with the aid of an impact penetrometer (IAA/Planalsucar-Stolf) up to the depth of 0-0.6 m. Soil disturbed and undisturbed samples from the 0.0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m layers were collected for analyses of soil moisture, texture, clay dispersed in water, flocculation degree. A pure nugget effect was found in the 0.0-0.1 and 0.4-0.5 m soil layers in the rows of the areas with manual/mechanized harvest. The spherical model was found for most conditions evaluated. The results for the areas were similar, with amplitude of 25-49 m, indicating that the harvest management had no effect on the soil resistance to penetration. No compacted areas were found, and the spatial dependency of the resistance to penetration was characterized as moderate to strong.
CALCIUM AS SALINITY MITIGATOR ON THE PRODUCTION COMPONENTS OF PASSION FRUIT CULTIVATED IN PROTECTED PITS1
Authors: BEZERRA MARLENE ALEXANDRINA FERREIRA , CAVALCANTE LOURIVAL FERREIRA , BEZERRA FRANCISCO THIAGO COELHO , PEREIRA WALTER ESFRAIN , NASCIMENTO NETO EXPEDITO CAVALCANTE DO
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The high rate of evaporation and the limitation of water, in quantity and quality, require the search for strategies that enable the sustainability of agriculture in the world. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of water salinity, lateral protection of the pits and calcium doses on the production components of passion fruit cv. BRS GA1. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x (2 x 5) split plot, corresponding to water salinity (0.3 and 4.0 dS m-1) in the main plot, and combinations between lateral protection of the pits (without and with) and calcium doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) in the subplots. Number of productive branches, indices of early ripening and concentrated cropping, calculated from the weekly yields, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and yield were evaluated. The increase in electrical conductivity of irrigation water delays harvest and reduces the number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield of passion fruit. The lateral protection of the pits did not have a positive effect on the cultivation of passion fruit irrigated with saline water. Calcium dose of 60 kg ha-1 in the Entisol with low content of this macronutrient attenuates the effects of irrigation with saline water, increasing the yield of yellow passion fruit.
SALT STRESS AND AMBIENCE ON THE PRODUCTION OF WATERMELON SEEDLINGS
Authors: SILVA JUNIOR FRANCISCO BARROSO DA , SOUSA GEOCLEBER GOMES DE , SOUSA JOSÉ THOMAS MACHADO DE , LESSA CARLA INGRYD NOJOSA , SILVA FRED DENILSON BARBOSA DA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of watermelon seedlings irrigated with saline waters and cultivated in different types of environments and substrates. The experimental design was completely randomized with split-split plots, in which the plot corresponded to two growing environments (EN1 = full sun and EN2 = 50% shade black net), the subplot to two types of irrigation water (IW1 = 0.8 and IW2 = 2.5 dS m-1) and the sub-subplot to four types of substrates (SB1 = vermiculite + coconut fiber, SB2 = manure + soil, SB3 = carbonized rice husk + soil, SB4 = biochar + soil), with four replicates of twenty-five seeds. The variables analyzed were: emergence percentage (EP), emergence speed index (ESI), mean time of emergence (MTE), number of leaves (NL), stem diameter (SD), seedling height (SH) and root length (RL), shoot dry mass (SDM), root dry mass (RDM) and total dry mass (TDM). The EN2 treatment provided better conditions for emergence and initial growth, and EN1 was also favorable to the emergence and initial growth of watermelon seedlings, when the substrates SB1 and SB2 were used.
UNIVARIATE AND MULTIVARIATE APPROACHES IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF LIMA BEAN GENOTYPES
Authors: BRITO MARILHA VIEIRA DE , SILVA VERÔNICA BRITO DA , MATOS FILHO CARLOS HUMBERTO AIRES , FERREIRA-GOMES REGINA LUCIA , LOPES ÂNGELA CELIS DE ALMEIDA
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT To estimate the genetic diversity among the genotypes of a germplasm collection, a combined analysis of qualitative and quantitative variables was performed. The objective was to promote the morpho-agronomic characterization and estimate the genetic diversity of lima bean genotypes belonging to the Phaseolus Germplasm Bank of UFPI through univariate and multivariate approaches. The experiment was conducted on a screen house between January and September 2016, using a completely randomized design with four replications, with a plot consisting of a pot with a plant. An analysis of variance of the quantitative characteristics was performed and used to estimate the comparison of means. The combined analysis of the quantitative and qualitative variables was performed based on the Gower distance. Subsequently, the genotypes were grouped by the UPGMA method, from which five groups were formed. The lima bean genotypes showed wide genetic variability in relation to morpho-agronomic characteristics.
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and acute kidney injury associated with cocaine use - Case report
Authors: Pimentel Paulo Vitor de Souza , Freitas Hermany Capistrano , Leite Marcos Diógenes Braga , Lima Rafael Siqueira Athayde , Barreto Dulce Maria Sousa , Teixeira André Costa , Daher Elizabeth De Francesco
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT A wide spectrum of renal complications can occur with acute and chronic use of cocaine. Most cases are related to rhabdomyolysis, but other mechanisms are malignant hypertension, renal ischemia, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) associated-ANCA vasculitis. In recent years, the use of cocaine adulterated with levamisole has been associated with ANCA vasculitis and pauci-immune RPGN. RPGN is clinically manifested as a nephritic syndrome with a rapid and progressive decline in renal function, and its histopathological finding is the presence of crescents in more than 50% of the glomeruli. We report a case of a 38-year-old man chronic user of cocaine, alcohol, and cigarettes who had red urine, oliguria, swollen legs and eyelids, as well as the uremic symptoms anorexia, emesis, and mental confusion. He was admitted with acute kidney injury and performed six hemodialysis sessions during the first 16 days of hospitalization and then was transferred to a tertiary hospital for diagnostic investigation. Tests of ANF (antinuclear factor), ANCA, anti-DNA, serology for hepatitis B, C, and HIV virus were negative. A renal percutaneous biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with mild tubular atrophy. The patient underwent pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (for 3 days) and cyclophosphamide. Then he maintained daily prednisone and monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide and evolved with progressive improvement of renal function.
Combating False Negatives in Adversarial Imitation Learning (Student Abstract)
Authors: Żołna Konrad , Saharia Chitwan , Boussioux Leonard , Hui David Yu-Tung , Chevalier-Boisvert Maxime , Bahdanau Dzmitry , Bengio Yoshua
Published: June 2020

We define the False Negatives problem and show that it is a significant limitation in adversarial imitation learning. We propose a method that solves the problem by leveraging the nature of goal-conditioned tasks. The method, dubbed Fake Conditioning, is tested on instruction following tasks in BabyAI environments, where it improves sample efficiency over the baselines by at least an order of magnitude.
Surface roughness and material removal rate analyses of hard copper alloy in wire electrical discharge machining
Authors: Evran Savas
Published: June 2020

This experimental and statistical study focuses on investigation of the effects of machining parameters on surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate (MRR) in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of hard copper (Cu) alloy. Experimental design was carried out using the L18 (21 × 32) orthogonal array according to the Taguchi method. The process parameters considered were wire type, pulse time and duration between two pulses. Copper-coated wire and zinc (Zn)-coated wires were used as cutting tools. Analysis of the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was utilized to investigate the effects of process parameters on the responses. Analysis of variance was employed to determine the percent contributions and significance levels of process parameters on responses. Analysis of the surface integrity and characteristics of the machined specimens was observed using scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis was employed. This study may be used as a reference to investigate SR and MRR in WEDM of hard copper alloy.
Spatio-temporal variation of aerosols in ENSO events over Western India using satellite data
Authors: Patel Vikas K , Taksal Prakash A , Londhe Digambar S , Katpatal Yashwant B
Published: June 2020

The spatial variation of the average aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 555 nm obtained from the multi-angle imaging spectroradiometer satellite sensor over India for 2000–2016 illustrates that Western India shows a relatively lower aerosol loading compared with the northern and eastern parts of India. Among the seasonal variations of the average AOD, spring shows a higher aerosol loading, particularly over Jodhpur (0.518) and Kota (0.518), and fall shows the least. In spring, these variations may be due to the meteorological conditions that bring a large quantity of dust and other types of aerosols in the atmosphere of Western India. Temporal variation of AOD indicates that in 2006, abrupt change in AOD (<0.2) was observed over all the cities. Among all cities, Mumbai shows strong increasing trends during 2000–2016 with a Sen’s slope of 0.009. Overall, the study concludes that compared with La Niña years, El Niño years correspond to a higher aerosol loading over Western India, primarily over Surat (0.357), Mumbai (0.349) and Jodhpur (0.334).
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Analiz Dersine Yönelik Tutum ve Öğrenme Ortamı Algıları
Authors: HACIÖMEROĞLU Güney
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırma üniversite öğrencilerinin analiz dersine yönelik tutum ve öğrenme ortamı algılarını incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu amaç kapsamında ilk olarak analiz dersine yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek amacıyla Huang ve Lin (2015) tarafından geliştirilen Analiz Tutum Ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması yapılmıştır. Uyarlanan ölçeğin özgün haliyle aynı öz-güven, değer, mutluluk ve motivasyon olmak üzere 4 alt boyuttan oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Türkçeye uyarlanan ölçme aracının öğrencilerin analiz dersine yönelik tutumlarını incelemek amacıyla kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin öz güven, değer, mutluluk ve motivasyon alt boyutlarına ilişkin olarak kısmen olumlu tutuma sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin öğrenme ortamlarına ilişkin algılarının öğrenci uyumu, öğretmen desteği, katılım, araştırma, görev uyumu, işbirliği ve eşitlik alt boyutlarına ilişkin olarak olumlu ancak orta düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin analiz dersine yönelik tutumları ile öğrenme ortamı algıları arasında zayıf ancak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
On the Construction of Reverse Proverbs
Authors: Deng Fei
Published: June 2020

Proverbs are the essence of language and culture, which are concise in speech but contain lots of connotations. And they are the summary of people's daily life as well as people's wisdom. Meanwhile proverbs have the characteristics of refinement, nationality, religion, region and stability. With the change of times, some proverbs are obviously out of date, dying out gradually, and some proverbs continue to develop and bring forth some new ones. Through reverse thinking, adopting word order shift, word change, parody, ellipsis and antonym to construct a new one. The foundation of its construction depends on many factors such as the text information of the original proverbs and the scholars themselves.
A Survey Study of Factors on Multilingual Attitude of College Students in Minority Areas
Authors: Shi Yujie , Cui Xuebo
Published: June 2020

Positive attitude and motivation are often mentioned as necessary for language learning and the development of positive attitude is often seen as one of the aims of teaching languages. To know what attitudes are like in multilingual educational environment and status of different languages is important. This study takes college students from Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture as the research subject, uses quantitative research and qualitative research to investigate the situation of multilingual attitude and discuss gender, grade, major, ethnicity and other factors on language attitude. The results show that gender, grade, major and ethnicity all influence students’ language attitude in different degrees. Based on the results and the current situation of language education for college students in minority areas, this paper tries to put forward some suggestions on multilingual education in minority areas in order to contribute to the construction of multilingual, multi-cultural and harmonious language living environment.
LITERATURA E URBANISMO: TRÊS RECORTES NA ESTRUTURA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Junior Valdemar Valente
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo busca detectar elementos que aprofundem a relação entre literatura e urbanismo em vista das mudanças decorrentes das reformas urbanas no Rio de Janeiro no transcurso do século XX. Em sua condição de cidade situada entre o mar e a montanha, o Rio de Janeiro enfrenta problemas referentes à circulação de seus habitantes e à redistribuição de seus espaços. Desse modo, as reformas ao longo do tempo se fazem necessárias. Contudo, há que se pensar no processo de exclusão que delas advém uma vez que aos administradores apenas interessa redefinir espaços e criar condições de acesso às classes superiores banindo os subalternos paras áreas da periferia. Assim, as análises de Cinematógrafo, de João do Rio, Desabrigo, de Antônio Fraga, e Cidade de Deus, de Paulo Lins, trazem o olhar da literatura acerca dessas transformações.
Ulusal Sinema Hareketi Çerçevesinde Halit Refiğ Sinemasında Doğu-Batı İkilemi
Authors: ÇİLİNGİR Ayşegül , CAN Aytekin
Published: June 2020

Sinema ve toplum, birbirinden bağımsız olmayan hatta etkileşimli bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu etkileşimli yapı, toplumsal değişim ve dönüşümlerin de sinemada kendisini var etmesine olanak sağlar. Kendini toplumla var eden sinema, ulusal unsurlardan da etkilenir. Türk sinema tarihinde “ulusal sinema” hareketinin öncüsü olan Halit Refiğ, Türk sinemasının kendi sinema anlayışını geliştirmesi gerektiğini savunan önemli bir yönetmendir. Refiğ, “ulusal sinema” hareketinin kuramsal alt yapısını oluştururken, filmlerini de bu düşünceleri doğrultusunda hem içerik hem de biçim olarak tanımlar. Halit Refiğ, filmlerinde Doğu-Batı ikilemi bağlamında kendi sinemasında ulusal değerleri ön plana çıkararak, Türk toplumuna özgü bir sinema dili yaratma çabasını gösterir. Bu çalışmada incelenen Bir Türk’e Gönül Verdim, Fatma Bacı ve Vurun Kahpeye filmlerinden hareketle Doğu- Batı ikileminin Refiğ’ in sinemasında nasıl ele alındığı araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada Refiğ ’in sinema eğiliminin filmlerinde nasıl aksettirildiği, Teun A. van Dijk’ ın eleştirel söylem çözümlemesinden yola çıkılarak, sinemaya uyarlanan bir şema ile incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Halit Refiğ’ in Doğu- Batı ikilemini incelenen üç filmde açık ve net bir şekilde ortaya koyduğu tespit edilmiştir.
THE ALGORITHM OF EVALUATING A MARGINAL INDIVIDUAL PRICE DISTRIBUTION UNDER AN EXPLICIT MARKETING RESEARCH
Authors: Shpyrko V. , Iarmolenko I.
Published: June 2020

This article presents a method for conducting a marketing research aiming to evaluate statistics of a “Willingness-to-Pay” random variable distribution. Similarly, this approach can be used for evaluating minimal price a customer is ready to sell a good for. Since a general survey tends to bring bias into WTP evaluation, we suggest reducing psychological pressure while asking a single question “Would you buy this product for X amount of money?”. It was empirically shown that this information is enough to conduct an experiment and evaluate the characteristics of a population distribution. The algorithm is easy to use, however needs an expert control for gaining higher accuracy. Using tools of simulation modeling we assessed the level of bias of an experimentally obtained distribution statistics compared to a real population statistics. The algorithm helps predicting individual demand and total income level depending on a product pricing level.
Social-Geographical Analysis of Gender Relations in Vinnytsia Regional Labor Market
Authors: Ataman Liudmila
Published: June 2020

The article deals with issues of gender relations in the labor market of Vinnytsia region at the present stage. The following basic concepts are analyzed: gender relations and gender equality. The basic approaches to the solution of gender problems in the implementation of gender policy that contribute to the development of the labor market of Vinnytsia region are considered. Areas of activities that coordinate gender relations in the Vinnytsia region’s labor market as part of state and regional gender policy are analyzed. The dynamics of economic activity and employment of the population of Vinnytsia region by gender during 2014-2019 are analyzed. The number of employed and unemployed persons by sex aged 15-70 years was determined, as well as the number of registered unemployed persons by sex was analyzed. It was found out what measures were taken in Ukraine and in Vinnytsia region, in particular, to improve employment and reduce unemployment. It has been found that women’s unemployment is determined not only by the effects of market mechanisms and the existence of appropriate barriers to employment (much less professional choice, skills, etc.), but also substantially related to reproductive activity. The gender pay gap has been identified. The number of entrepreneurs by gender in Vinnitsa region as of 2019 has been analyzed. It has been concluded that in spite of high educational and qualification level of women, which by some indicators even exceeds men’s, as well as high level of economic activity of women, there is a less favorable position of women in the labor market of Vinnytsia region.
System of Geographical Sciences: Ukrainian Experience in the Context of Modern Subject Transformation)
Authors: Topchiiev Оleksandr , Malchykova Daria , Sych Vitaliy , Pylypenko Ihor , Yavorska Viktoriia
Published: June 2020

The subject transformation of Ukrainian geographical science demonstrates the strengthening of the monistic approach, which considers the Earth’s envelope as an integral socio-natural geosphere, in which the natural environment and man with his economic and spiritual activity are inextricably linked. Accordingly, one of the main directions of modern methodological developments is the geographical sciences systematization according to their composition and their multilevel ordering on the basis of the unity and integrity of the common object of geographical research - the landscape envelope of the Earth. The article proposes the authors’ scheme of the modern system of geographical sciences, in which the structuring of geographical researches directions is carried out according to the following basic principles: a) the system of geographical sciences is developed not in the list of relevant subjects and disciplines, but in the main areas of geographical research; b) the theoretical and methodological core of the geographical sciences system should be the direction of general integrated geographical research; c) directions of geographical researches and corresponding subject areas and disciplines are organized according to the levels of the landscape envelope structural organization and divided into global (geospheric), regional (country studies, regional studies) and local (environmental and socio-natural activities); d) the proposed systematics does not directly take into account the traditional division of geographical sciences and disciplines into basic - auxiliary - servicing.
Defining Boundaries and Dynamics of Urbanized Areas According to Remote Data Sensing
Authors: Marushchynets Andrii
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the original approach of defining continuously built-up urban areas as well as the dynamics of this process by means of Earth remote sensing data analysis. Basing on this approach, the spreading borders of continuously built-up urban areas of Kyiv city and its suburbs during 1976-2018 have been defined. Earth remote sensing data, as a valuable source of information on land surface in general and built-up areas in particular, provides wide range of opportunities for researching the process of spatial development of urbanized areas. Analysis of built-up territories during significant period of time allows defining spatial development vectors of urbanized regions, modern continuously built-up areas and their borders. The review of similar researches has revealed that the most convenient sources of Earth remote sensing data for defining the area of built-up territories are represented by multispectral space footages of Landsat space program of the USA. The deciphering of space footages and defining of built-up areas has been conducted involving spectral indexes, which is the most precise method of deciphering the Earth remote sensing data. Thus, we managed to define built-up and non-built-up areas as well as water objects of Kyiv city and its suburbs for 1976, 1985, 2002 and 2008. A set of illustrating schematic maps has been created, depicting borders of built-up area. A continuously built-up urban area has amalgamated Kyiv city and a number of surrounding settlements into a highly-urbanized core. During 1976-2018, the area of continuously built-up urban territory of Kyiv expanded 1,5 times and mostly southwestwards.
Post-Industrial Transformations of the Old-Industrial Districts of Kharkiv
Authors: Suptelo Olha
Published: June 2020

The basic principles of the concept of “new” urbanism and the liberalization of urban policy contributed to the involvement of local people in the planning and management of urban space. In such conditions, the question of theoretical and practical components of the urban studies at different levels of the city functioning receives high importance. The concept of socio-geosystem suggests that changes, even at the lowest levels, lead to transformation of the entire system.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the theoretical background and practical foundations of the implementation of the principles of “new” urbanism at the local level of urban socio-geosystems. This analysis allows assessing the current state of urban space and identifying problems and prospects for its further development. The basis of this study is the use of systematic and synergistic approaches to the study of the city.
The selected research site, an old-industrial district in the central part of Kharkiv, is an example of traditional urban transformations in Eastern Ukraine, the main feature of which is fragmentation. Within the study site, almost all major urban functional areas were combined. Such process as neo-industrialization is combined with deindustrialization, and depression with renewal and revitalization, at the same time. The main identified problem of development of such areas can be considered the lack of planning for their development. The result is low social involvement of local residents in urban transformations, which is primarily the consequence of existing social problems. Instead, it is “tactical” urbanism at the local and intralocal levels that can be considered the basis of urban transformations that take into account the views of the community.
CONCEPTUAL-THEMATIC GROUP “ANIMALS” IN THE NOVEL BY LONGUS
Authors: Makar Inesa
Published: June 2020

In the article, we attempt to provide a systematic description of the animal names in the novel by Longus, the ancient Greek writer of the end of the 2nd century A.D. “Daphnis and Chloe” and identify their role in the writer’s lexical idiosystem. By combining the functional-semantic approach to the analysis of the writer’s lexical idiosystem with the cognitive, the conceptual concepts that are verbalized by lexical dominants and are directly related to the subject matter of the work, were united into the conceptual-thematic group “Animals”. The names of domestic animals, wild animals, insects, animals living in the water and birds were delimited within the conceptual-thematic group “Animals”. The subgroup “Names of Domestic Animals” was found the most abundant (29 names) and the most frequent (397 fixations) in the studied text. It showed the highest number of dominants in comparison with the other groups (ἡ αἴξ, ἡ, ὁ βοῦς, ὁ τράγον, ὁ τράγον, ὁ τράγον, ὁ, ἡ κύων). Domestic animals play very important role in the life of shepherds. Goats and sheep raised Daphnis and Chloe when they were little, brought them closer in their youth, were grieving when the lovers were not together, were rejoicing with them and even attended the main characters’ wedding. Here we come across anthropomorphization of animals in Longus novel. It was revealed that the lexemes denoting animal world are involved in the process of creation of numerous tropes (comparisons, metaphors, epithets, etc.), which is due to the peculiarity of the genre of this work and writer’s idiostyle. The writer’s idiolect is closely connected to the conceptual structure of the fiction text, as it is evidenced by the analysis of the CTG “Animals”. The micro-concepts which we include to this group appear to be the relevant elements of the writer’s conceptual model of the world. The names of micro-concepts actualize their semantics in micro-contexts through semantic connectivity with the other words, revealing their direct and indirect (figurative) meaning, alongside with the aesthetic-philosophical potential of the writer’s outlook in general.
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCING SCIENCE (RESEARCH), TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION IN CHINA
Authors: Pozhilova N. A.
Published: June 2020

It seems possible to consider the features of the “eastern” approach to the procedure for fi nancing scientific and technical research using the example of the current regulation of state support for these areas in China. A set of measures to fi nance science, technology and innovation in China, among other things, has now led to what is commonly called the “Asian miracle”, including due to reasonable measures for balanced support of research teams, research institutes and the establishment of a clear administration system.
Magnum opus: urbanismo, arquitectura y revalorización patrimonial de la planta de baterías de cok y subproductos de ENSIDESA (Avilés)
Authors: Domínguez Rodríguez Rubén
Published: June 2020

RESUMEN:La planta de baterías de hornos de cok y subproductos de la Empresa Nacional Siderúrgica S.A. domina desde mediados del siglo XX el nuevo paisaje industrial de la ciudad de Avilés (Asturias). Las baterías combinan en sus planteamientos urbanísticos y arquitectónicos valores funcionales y estéticos propios del Movimiento Moderno, que por su calidad y trascendencia le han conferido un interés patrimonial reconocido, junto al resto de instalaciones de la factoría, mediante su inclusión en el Plan Nacional de Patrimonio Industrial. Tras su cese productivo en el año 2019 diversas instituciones científicas han manifestado la necesidad de conservar y dotar de nuevos usos la coquería, los edificios de almacenaje y talleres auxiliares y la maquinaria, como testimonio material de uno de los proyectos más ambiciosos y valiosos del Instituto Nacional de Industria. Palabras clave: Patrimonio industrial; siderurgia; Avilés; arquitectura; movimiento moderno.
Aproximación a la conservación del arte de Internet: La materia como relaciones comunicativas
Authors: Sánchez Fernández Antonio J. , Martínez Pérez Eduardo
Published: June 2020

RESUMEN:Esta investigación tiene como objetivos, por un lado, exponer determinadas estrategias para la conservación y restauración del arte de Internet, y, por otro, ofrecer una aproximación a la definición, fases y tipos de manifestaciones. La concepción de “arte de Internet” engloba una variedad de expresiones que comparten un mismo soporte e idénticos planteamientos de documentación, exposición, almacenamiento y/o mantenimiento. Además, la noción de net art se impone como término globalizador. Asimismo, se ha reconstruido el desarrollo en el tiempo de esta tipología artística. También exponemos varios casos de restauración y ejemplos de técnicas de conservación realizadas en instituciones de referencia. Igualmente, resultó esencial tratar de definir la autenticidad conceptual como requisito fundamental para abordar toda intervención. En este sentido, observamos cómo las particularidades inmateriales se constituyen como una nueva “materialidad”. Así, determinamos la relación de compatibilidad entre la estrategia de conservación-restauración y el mantenimiento del significado de la obra de arte.Palabras clave: Conservación; restauración; arte de Internet; net.art
Effect of intratumoral implantation of barium hexaferrite, magnetite, hematite, aluminium oxide and silica on the dynamics of Erlich tumor growth and survival value of tumor-carrying mice
Authors: Vershinina Sofia F. , Evtushenko Vladimir I.
Published: June 2020

Introduction. We have earlier shown antitumoral effect of barium hexaferrite implant BHF for models of two intratumoral transplantable solid tumor of mice LIO-1 and Erlich (2 sm3 tumors). In the mentioned work on the model of a rather big sized solid Erlich tumor (3 sm3) we have studied a comparative antitumoral effect after the implantation of BHF particles with a residual magnetic field of 150 mGsm referring to particles of iron oxides with residual magnetic field that was nearing to the zerohematite (Fe2O3) and magne tite (Fe3O4), and as well as for the control aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and silica (nSiO2 ∙ mH2O).
Material and methods. Trials have been conducted with 70 white mice female mice with a mass of 2324 g. Malignant epithelial tumor of Erlich was intramuscularly transplanted into the right hind extremity. When tumors reached a size of 3 sm3, mice were divided into 6 groups whom BHF, magnetite, hematite, aluminium oxide, silica or physiologic saline were implanted, correspondingly.
Results. As a result of the conducted studies it was found that BHF being implanted into a big-sized tumor (3 sm3) has a mild antitumoral effect for all the studies periods. Particles of iron oxides magnetite and hematite with a magnetic field nearing the zero did not possess the antitumor effect. By the end of experiment (29 days) in all groups including a control group, death of mice at 20 to 50 percent have been seen, and tumors were significantly necrotized, whereas in a group with implantation of silica into the tumor 100 percent of mice have survived and tumors itself did not have necrosis and had even pink colouring.
Strategies in poorly soluble drug delivery systems
Authors: Szaniawska Magdalena
Published: June 2020

The form of the active drug administered to patients is important as far as effectiveness of the disease therapy is concerned. From this point of view modifications of medicinal substances are searched for that the obtained compounds have the best physicochemical and pharmacodynamic properties. Pharmaceutical companies allocate significant funds for this type of research. The key property that needs to be improved is the solubility of biologically active substances. This is related to the fact that over 40% of drugs available on the pharmaceutical market are characterized by low solubility in water.

Thus, the paper describes the most important strategies used in the poorly soluble drug delivery systems, e.g. physical and chemical modifications, formulation based, modification of partition coefficient and lipid systems. The authors discussed various techniques used to enhance solubility of poorly water soluble drugs with their advantages and limitations.
Possibilities of recovery and separation of rare earth elements
Authors: Fila Dominika
Published: June 2020

Rare earth metals are a group of elements widely used in high technology products. They are included in the group of critical mineral resources for the EU economy. Rare earth elements are found in computers and mobile phones, as well as in low-emission energy technologies. They are also applied in chemical processes as catalysts in the oil refining. Some of them occur even in considerable quantities in the earth's crust but not very often in the concentrations justifying the profitability of their extraction. Additionally, the constantly growing demand and the current market situation cause that alternative resources of rare earth elements recovery are sought after. Therefore, the recovery and separation methods as well as recovery from the secondary sources are becoming more and more important. The following paper presents the possibilities of recovery and separation of rare earth elements from primary and secondary sources.