bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel biomimetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles system possessed targetability and immune synergy to promote solid tumor immuno- chemotherapy efficacy
Authors: Zhang Renwen , Zhu Haoran , Yi Xinfeng , Fu Qianqian , Fu Yuanyue , Liu Yang , Huang Zerong , Zhu Kairui , Hou Huige , Sun Chenghong , Zhong Cheng , Liu Wei , Li Zhizhong , Wang Baocheng , Wo Jin
Published: April 2022

New strategies enhancing both targetability of chemotherapy drugs and synergistic effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain a major challenge for the solid tumor therapy. In this research, a novel biomimetic nanoparticle system possessed function of tumor targeting and immune synergy was designed to accomplish the above requirements. The membranes was coated on mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapy drugs named doxorubicin (DOX); and it was modified by the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored anti-HER2 single chain variable fragment (scFv) and the GPI anchored co-stimulatory molecule CD80 to promote solid tumor targeted chemotherapy and cooperated immunotherapy, respectively. The effects of as-prepared nano therapeutic system in both tumor targeted chemotherapy and collaborated cellular immune response were investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results showed that the novel biomimetic therapeutic system can significantly promote antitumor efficiency in vitro and in vivo experiments. Besides, this therapeutic system further enhances antitumor capacity by increasing the CD8+ T-cell activation and the cytokine production and reducing the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) levels in tumors.
Scale effect of corneal adhesion: from solid to membrane
Authors: Yang Jiajin , Ren Qiaomei , Zhao Dong , Gao Zhipeng , Li Xiaona , He Rui , Chen Weiyi
Published: April 2022

The adhesion behavior is usually happened in the cornea related to the clinical treatments. Physiologically, an intact natural cornea is inflated by the intraocular pressure. Due to the inflation, the physiological cornea appears the mechanical property likeness to membrane. This characteristic is ignored by the classical theory used to analyze the adhesion behavior of soft solids, such as the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) model. Performing the pull-off test, this work evidenced that the classical JKR solution was suitable to calculate the corneal adhesion force when the related contact area was in a smaller size of submillimeter scale. However, when the cornea was contacted in a greater size of millimeter scale, the JKR solutions were clearly smaller than the related experimental data. This error was complemented through modifying the classical JKR model. The modified-JKR model, in this study, was superimposed by the contribution from the surface tension related to the characteristic of membrane. Through the modified-JKR model, the scale effect of the corneal adhesion was realized to describe using a unified theory.
Magnetic Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of High Silicon Quenched and Tempered SteelJ N Mohapatra* D. Satish Kumar and G. Balachandran
Authors: Mohapatra J N , Dabbiru S K , Balachandran G
Published: April 2022

A low carbon (0.17% C) TRIP assisted steel with 1.35%Si, 1.72%Mn, microalloyed with Nb and Ti was subjected to two different hardening and tempering heat treatments. One set of samples were quenched in water after austenitization at 920 oC to generate > 98% martensite while another set was austenitized in the inter critical temperature of 810 oC to generate about 50% ferrite along with > 48% martensite with retained austenite in both the sets, tempered in the temperature range between 150 and 650 oC. Samples hardened and tempered from 920 oC show a fully tempered martensite microstructure while the samples hardened from 810 oC, shows significant ferrite coexisting with tempered martensite. In both conditions, superior mechanical properties is observed when the tempering temperature is less than 300 oC, where the tensile toughness exceeded 20 GPa.%. The introduction of intercritical ferrite in tempered martensite enhanced the ductility of the steel significantly. High Si in the steel, shifts the tempered martensite embrittlement to higher temperatures and the Si suppresses the carbide formation and retains austenite laths, within the tempered martensite that enhances properties. Magnetic hysteresis loop measurements were carried out at each stage and magnetic coercivity was correlated with the tensile strength showed a strong correlation indicating precise non-destructive magnetic evaluation of tensile strength through a portable magnetic hysteresis loop tester.
Small molecule nonsense mediated mRNA decay and MDM2-p53 inhibitors synergistically induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Li Ying , Cui Jingyi , Zhang Lili , Wan Li , Li Hexin , Zhang Lanxin , Sun Gaoyuan , Huang Wei , Zhang Junhua , Zou Lihui , Su Fei , Tang Min , Xiao Fei
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway and p53 pathway, which play important roles in RNA quality control and cancer suppression respectively, are tightly related to tumorigenesis, and both are promising targets for tumor therapy. However, the impact of NMD inhibitor, p53-MDM2 inhibitor, and the combination of these two agents was poorly understood in cervical cancer.
Methods
Cell apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and the expression level of p53-target genes were evaluated the influence of NMD inhibitor and MDM2-p53 inhibitor treated alone or in combination on HPV-18 positive HeLa cells. Rescue experiments by E6* overexpression and RNA-seq were conducted to explore the molecular mechanism.
Results
The novel MDM2-p53 inhibitor, XR-2, did not activate p53 and thereby induced apoptosis in HeLa cells, whereas the NMD inhibitor (SMG1i) repressed cell proliferation at high concentrations. More importantly, the combination of these two agents significantly inhibited cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle progression, and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, the combination treatment rose the level of hypoxia and unfolded protein response, which further increased cellular stress and led to cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, MDM2-p53 inhibitor and NMD inhibitor may act synergistically through the truncated E6 protein.
Conclusion
The universal synergistic effects between MDM2-p53 inhibitor and NMD inhibitor provide a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of HPV-infected tumors. However, further studies are required to elucidate the specific molecular mechanism.
Fake News Detection
Authors: Chawla Sahil , mamtani nitin , jadhav rohan
Published: April 2022

– In today’s worlds where people are more reliable on the news which are available online as it's convenient for them. Fake news is one of the biggest new-age problems has the potential to mild opinions and influence decisions. The proliferation of fake news on social media and the Internet is deceiving people to an extent that needs to be stopped. The existing systems are inefficient in giving a precise statistical rating for any given news claim. Also, the restrictions on input and category of news make it less varied. This paper proposes a system that classifies unreliable news into different categories after computing an F-score. In this system, we’ve used Logistic Regression to classify fake news. The pre-processing functions perform some operations like tokenizing, n-grams, and exploratory data analysis. Simple Count Vectorization, TF-IDF is used as feature extraction techniques. The logistic regression and Multinomial model are used as a classifier for fake news detection with a probability of truth.
Predictors and histological effects of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer and control of lateral lymph node metastasis
Authors: Miyakita Hiroshi , Chan Lin Fung , Okada Kazutake , Kayano Hajime , Mori Masaki , Sadahiro Sotaro , Yamamoto Seiichiro
Published: April 2022

[Introduction] Standard treatment strategy for low rectal cancer in Japan is different from Western countries. Total mesorectum excision (TME) + lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) is mainly carried out in Japan, whereas neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) + TME is selected in Western countries. There is no clear definition of preoperative diagnosis of lateral lymph node metastasis. If we can predict lateral lymph node swelling that can be managed by nCRT from lateral lymph node swelling that require surgical resection, clinical benefit is significant. In the current study we assessed characteristics of the lateral lymph node recurrence (LLNR) and LLND that can be managed by nCRT.[Patients and Methods] Patients with low rectal cancer (n=168) underwent nCRT between 2009 and 2016. We evaluated CEA, neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet / lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lateral lymph node short axis pre and post nCRT, respectively, and also evaluated tumor shrinkage rate, tumor regression grade (TRG). We evaluated the relationship between each and LLNR. [Results] LLND was not carried out all patients. Factors associated with LLNR were PLR and lymph node short axis pre and post nCRT. (p=0.0269, 0.0278, p＜0.0001, p＜0.0001, respectively). Positive recurrence cut-off values of lateral lymph node short-axis calculated were 11.6 mm pre nCRT and 5.5 mm post nCRT. [Conclusion] Results suggest that PLR before and after CRT was associated with control of LLNR, and LLND should be performed on lateral lymph nodes with short-axis of 5 mm and 11 mm pre and post nCRT.
Gamma-aminobutyric Acid and Glutamate/Glutamine Levels in the Dentate Nucleus and Periaqueductal Gray With Episodic and Chronic Migraine: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Xueyan , Bai Xiaoyan , Zhang Yingkui , Yuan Ziyu , Tang Hefei , Li Zhiye , Hu Zhangxuan , Zhang Yaqing , Yu Xueying , Sui Binbin , Wang Yonggang
Published: April 2022

Background: The pathogenesis of migraine chronification remains unclear. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown impaired functional and structural alterations in the brains of patients with chronic migraine. The cerebellum and periaqueductal gray (PAG) play pivotal roles in the neural circuits of pain conduction and analgesia in migraine. However, few neurotransmitter metabolism studies of these migraine-associated regions have been performed. To explore the pathogenesis of migraine chronification, we measured gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) levels in the dentate nucleus (DN) and PAG of patients with episodic and chronic migraine and healthy subjects. Methods: Using the MEGA-PRESS sequence and a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanner (Signa Premier; GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA), we obtained DN and PAG metabolite concentrations from patients with episodic migraine (n=25), those with chronic migraine (n=24), and age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects (n=16). Patients with chronic migraine were further divided into those with (n=12) and without (n=12) medication overuse headache. All scans were performed at the Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University.Results: We found that patients with chronic migraine had significantly lower levels of GABA/water (p=0.011) and GABA/creatine (Cr) (p=0.026) in the DN and higher levels of Glx/water (p=0.049) in the PAG than healthy controls. In all patients with migraine, higher GABA levels in the PAG were significantly associated with poorer sleep quality (GABA/water: r=0.515, p=0.017, n=21; GABA/Cr: r=0.522, p=0.015, n=21). Additionally, a lower Glx/Cr ratio in the DN may be associated with more severe migraine disability (r=-0.425, p=0.055, n=20), and lower GABA/water (r=-0.424, p=0.062, n=20) and Glx/Water (r=-0.452, p=0.045, n=20) may be associated with poorer sleep quality. Conclusions: Neurochemical levels in the DN and PAG may provide evidence of the pathological mechanisms of migraine chronification. Correlations between migraine characteristics and neurochemical levels revealed the pathological mechanisms of the relevant characteristics.
Surfactant Modified Bentonite Characterization: Effects and Comparative Analysis
Authors: Parmar Samirsinh P , Patel Bhoomika S , Shukla Atindra , Dixit Manish
Published: April 2022

Extensive soils can be found all over the world. The clay mineral montmorillonite is predominantly responsible for soil expansion. Because of their ability to shrink and swell with seasonal changes in moisture content, these expansive soils can cause significant damage to engineering construction. To stabilize the effects of swelling soil various ground improvement techniques, incorporate mineralogical modification of clays. The application of nanotechnology increased in past few years to deal with clay minerals as it possesses the same dimensional properties. To understand the behaviour of Nano modified clay, bentonite was selected as it represents the montmorillonite clay mineral. The characterization of surface-treated bentonite by nanomaterial was carried out. The study of physio-chemical properties and textural properties of surface-modified bentonite clay was carried out. Swelling pressure was evaluated by consolidometer test. With the advanced nanotechnology instrumentation technique, particle size analysis, zeta potential, wettability, contact angle, infra-red spectroscopy, rheological properties, BET surface area, pH values, XRD, TGA, etc was carried out for treated and untreated soil, so as to understand the comparative behaviour of surface modification. It was found that by using Nano surfactant, liquid limit and shrinkage limit reduced considerably. The increase in the quantity of surfactant increases the d-spacing. Thermal stability and particle size increase after surface treatment of bentonite clay. Soil reaches a visco-elastic state and BET surface area decreased after surface modification.
The impact of rehabilitation sport on breast-cancer related lymphedema and quality of life
Authors: Böer Bettina , Seller Anna , Schönfisch Birgitt , Krainick-Strobel Ute , Dietrich Andreas , Brucker Sara Yvonne , Wallwiener Diethelm , Niess Andreas , Hahn Markus
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Surgery and radiotherapy as part of breast cancer treatment can lead to lymphoedema of the upper extremities (breast cancer-related lymphoedema = BCRL) and reduce the quality of life (health-related quality of life = HRQoL). The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of paddling in a dragon boat (PP), on HRQoL and BCRL in breast cancer survivors (BCS).
Methods
Between April and October 2017, a prospective case-control study evaluated the effects of PP compared to a control group. In the paddle group (n = 28), weekly arm circumference measurements were taken at four defined anatomic areas of the arm before and after training; in the control group (n = 70) the measurements were taken once a month. At the beginning and end of the study, questionnaires from both groups (SF 36, EORTC QLQ-C30) were evaluated to understand the differences in HRQoL.
Results
The paddle group started with a higher HRQoL compared to in the control group. Most interesting, whether the affected or unaffected arm, whether before or after training - the arm circumference decreased over time in the paddling group. A pre-existing lymphoedema was not negatively influenced by paddling. In the paddle group the physical health was constant over the season, while the physical health of the control group decreased significantly over time.
Conclusion
PP in a dragon boat does not lead to the development or worsening of pre-existing lymphoedema due to breast cancer therapy and seems to have a positive effect on the quality of life.
Paeoniflorin drives immunomodulation of mesenchymal stem cells via regulating Th1/Th2 cytokines in oral lichen planus
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Yan , Zhao Zhongfang , Li Pei , Chen Danyang , Wang Wei , Han Ying , Zou Shiqi , Jin Xin , Zhao Jianling , Liu Hongwei , Wang Xiao , Zhu Weili
Published: April 2022

Objective To explore the immunomodulatory role of paeoniflorin in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and the involvement of Th1/Th2 cytokines in oral lichen planus.Methods The proliferation of MSCs with different concentrations of paeoniflorin was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8). MSCs were induced by osteoblast, adipoblast and neuroblast followed by Alizarin red, oil red O, real-time PCR and immunofluorescence assays. The effects of paeoniflorin on the migration ability of MSCs was detected by Transwell assay.Results Paeoniflorin promoted the proliferation, migration and multilineage differentiation of MSCs from OLP lesions (OLP-MSCs). OLP-MSCs pretreated with paeoniflorin inhibited the growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cell through G1 phase cell cycle arrest and S phase decrease. In addition, ELISA showed Th1 cytokines were decreased while Th2 cytokines were increased in T lymphocytes co-cultured OLP-MSCs. Furthermore, paeoniflorin pretreated OLP-MSCs exacerbated the secretory changes of these cytokines. OLP-MSCs prolonged the skin graft survival time and improved the graft rejection score and survival rates. Finally, paeoniflorin pretreated OLP-MSCs also adjusted the Th1/Th2 balance in the serum of allograft skin recipient mice.Conclusions Paeoniflorin enhanced MSC immunomodulation and changed inflammatory microenvironment in T lymphocytes, providing a promising therapeutic target for OLP treatment through enhancing the function of OLP-MSCs.
Dose-Dependent Effects of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Rat’s Brain
Authors: Tareq Mai , Khadrawy Yasser A. , Rageh Monira M. , Mohammed Haitham S.
Published: April 2022

Metal nanoparticles, in general, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), in particular, have been the focus of numerous studies over the last two decades. Recently, the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles has been favored over chemical synthesis due to its low toxicity and easy preparation. The present study aims to investigate the dose-dependent effects of green synthesized AgNPs on rats’ brains. Thirty-four Wistar male rats were divided into four groups. The first, second, and third groups were administered for 14 days with three different doses (0.5, 5, 10 mg/Kg) of AgNPs, respectively. The fourth group, which served as a control group, was given normal saline for the same period. The effects of the green synthesized AgNPs on the cortical and hippocampal levels of the oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO, and GSH) as well as the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and the monoamine neurotransmitters (DA, NE, and 5H-T) were investigated. AgNPs showed minimal oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus for the administered doses. However, AgNPs showed an inhibitory effect on AchE activity in a dose-dependent manner and a decrease in the 5H-T and NE levels. The green synthesized AgNPs showed an ultrastructural change in the cellular membranes of the neurons. The green synthesis of AgNPs has reduced their cytotoxic oxidative effects due to their capping with biologically compatible and boosting molecules such as flavonoids. However, other neurotoxic effects were observed in a dose-dependent manner.
Anomaly Aware Symmetric Non-negative Matrix Factorization for Short Text Clustering
Authors: Fu Bo , Li Ximing , Guan Yuanyuan , Luo Zhongxuan
Published: April 2022

Short text clustering is a significant yet challenging task, where short texts generated from the Internet are extremely sparse, noisy, and ambiguous. The sparse nature makes traditional clustering methods, e.g., k-means family and topic model-ing, much less effective. Fortunately, recent arts of document distance, e.g., word mover’s distance, and document representation, e.g., BERT, can accurately measure the similarities of short texts, especially their nearest neighbors. Inspired by those arts and observations, we induce short text clusters by directly factorizing the informative affinity matrix of nearest neighbors into the product of the cluster assignment matrix, following the intuition that neighboring short texts tend to be assigned to the same cluster. However, due to the noisy nature of short texts, many of them can be regarded as outliers or near-outliers, resulting in many noisy neighboring similarities within the affinity matrix. To further alleviate this problem, we enhance the affinity matrix factorization by (1) incorporating a sparse noisy matrix to directly capture noisy neighboring similarities, and (2) regularizing the cluster assignment matrix by ℓ 2,1 norm to eliminate hard-to-clustering short texts (called pseudo-outliers), so as to indirectly neglect noisy neighboring similarities corresponding to them. After this factorization for pre-clustering, we train a classifier over the resulting clusters, and adopt it to assign each pseudo-outlier to one cluster finally. We call this novel clustering method as Anomaly Aware Symmetric Non-negative Matrix Factorization Ximing Li et al. (A 2 SNMF). Experimental results on benchmark short text datasets demonstrate that A 2 SNMF performs very competitive with the existing baseline methods.
Cold Atmospheric (Physical) Plasma for the Treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum: Case report
Authors: Friedman Peter , Fridman Gregory , Friedman Alexander
Published: April 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
SCREENING OF MUPIROCIN SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CARRIERS OF MRSA AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Authors: Fatima Naila , G Jyothi Lakshmi
Published: April 2022

Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a rampant cause of healthcare associated infections(HAI),causing wide range of infections in patients and is mainly spread by asymptomatic nasal carriage in Health care workers(HCWs).The treatment is topical mupirocin which is becoming ineffective owing to acquisition of mupirocin resistance.Therefore their detection in HCWs and the associated mupirocin resistance is necessary.
Aim: To find the prevalence of MRSA in nasal swabs taken from HCWs
Methods: A nasal swab was collected from the anterior nares of the consenting HCWs. The swabs were then inoculated on basal media and colonies were identified using standard biochemical methods. All Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) were subjected to disc diffusion method using Cefoxitin (30µg) discs to detect MRSA and MRCoNS. The resistant isolates were tested with mupirocin discs to detect mupirocin resistance.
Results: Of 100 HCWs,S.aureus was isolated in 46 (46%) ,out of which MRSA were 4 (8.69%). CoNS was isolated in 3 (3%) workers, of whom MRCoNS was found in 1 (33.33%). 1 isolate from MRSA(25%) and no MRCoNS showed mupirocin resistance
Conclusion: Healthcare workers complying with the sanitary guidelines is the single most important factor in preventing HAI. There is a need for stringent HAI control practices as well increasing awareness among HCWs about such practices.
Effects of Chronic Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in an Asplenic Individual with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Report from an n-of-1 Study.
Authors: Gr Pascal J.D.
Published: April 2022

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a challenging autoimmune disease to treat. Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) represents a new era as an alternative to drug-resistance therapy, providing evidence for the anti-inflammatory neuroimmunomodulation (NIM) effect of vagal stimulation along with restoration of functional balance within the autonomic nervous system. This single case study reports the effects of chronic nVNS on an asplenic patient suffering from RA. The study compared the disease activity (DA), the sympatho-vagal balance (SVB), and the NIM index in a 24-month design. Results only showed significant short-term SBV improvement. No other significant gain was found. This study suggested poor efficacity of nVNS after splenectomy.
P-multipliers of Piled Raft Foundations Subjected to Lateral Loading Using F LAC3D
Authors: Tilahun Mulat Worku , Assefa Siraj Mulugeta
Published: April 2022

This study aims at studying the interactions that exist in Piled raft foundations subjected to lateral load using more rigorous computer-based methods. A numerical method using a finite-difference based software F LAC3D was used. The study was conducted using a large strain mode of analysis. For checking, whether the model developed was in good accuracy, a centrifuge model test was used to validate the study. The interfaces between the soil and the structural elements were modeled by providing the interface deformation and strength properties. The structural elements (piles and rafts) are assumed to act in the linear elastic range and hence, an elastic isotropic constitutive model was used. However, the Mohr-Coulomb elastic perfectly plastic model is used to model the soil materials. P-multipliers of piled rafts for pile spacing of 3D and 5D were computed. The pile spacings were varied in two directions and it was observed that the pile spacing in the direction transverse to the loading direction does not affect pile-pile interactions. Application of vertical load to piled rafts subjected to lateral load decreases the lateral displacement of piles subjected to lateral load significantly.
Survival Analysis of Recurrent Events on Women Breast Cancer: The case of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Biru Tashome Fenta , Akessa Geremew Muleta , Jabir Yasin Negash , Gurmu Selamawit Endale
Published: April 2022

Background
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. It is a cancer that develops from breast tissue and most common invasive cancer in women. Recurrent events data have been increasingly important in clinical studies where individuals experience an event more than once and it is a major clinical indicator, which represents the principal cause of breast cancer-related deaths. The aim of the study was to investigate determinants of the recurrence of breast cancer.
Methods
To reach the aim, 421 women with breast cancer were included in the study based on data taken from medical record card of patients enrolled starting from 1st January 2013 to 30th January 2019. A retrospective study has been applied to obtain data on women breast cancer that recorded in oncology department of Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital. Unmeasured shared similarities due to the impact of multiple events were modeled using a random effect. Cox-PH model and Shared frailty model were used to identify which factor was significantly affecting the recurrence of breast cancer.
Results
From the total of 997 recurrent events, about 609 (61.1%) of them experienced recurrence of breast cancer. The shared log-normal frailty model was chosen as the best fit for this breast cancer data set based on the value of Likelihood cross validation criterion. From the result of shared log-normal frailty model age, stage of breast cancer, tumor size, histology grade, breast feeding and oral contraceptives were significantly associated with recurrence of women breast cancer.
Conclusion
generally shared log-normal frailty model shows that the stage (II, III, IV), tumor size ((3–5) cm, > 5 cm), histology grade (poorly differentiated) and oral contraceptive were significantly increases the risk of recurrence of breast cancer. While, breast feeding was significantly decreases the risk of recurrence of breast cancer. It is recommended that policy maker, ministry of health and Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital are expected to make interventions based on these hazardous groups for recurrence of breast cancer.
Wohnungsabnahmen virtuell trainieren
Authors: Dyrna Jonathan
Published: April 2022

Immersiven Virtual Reality-Lernumgebungen wird ein hohes mediendidaktisches Potenzial zugesprochen, das in der derzeitigen Bildungspraxis jedoch nicht ansatzweise ausgeschöpft wird. Die Formulierung fundierter Handlungsempfehlungen für Leitungs-, Koordinations- und Lehrpersonen zur nachhaltigen Implementation von Virtual Reality-Lernszenarien in ihren Bildungseinrichtungen und Betrieben wird durch eine unzureichende empirische Ergründung erschwert. Sie betrifft insbesondere Kriterien ihrer didaktischen Konzeption und ihres Einsatzes in der Praxis. Hierfür fehlt es bis dato weitgehend an elaborierten Konzepten. Um dem zu begegnen, wird im vorliegenden Beitrag die Entwicklung eines Lernszenarios beschrieben und reflektiert, das eine immersive virtuelle Trainingswelt nutzt, um Immobilienverwaltende aus- bzw. weiterzubilden. Den Kern seines didaktisch flexiblen Konzepts bildet ein Rollenspiel, das einen situierten, konstruktivistischen und sozialen Lernprozess anregen und dadurch die beruflichen Handlungskompetenzen der Lernenden nachhaltig aufbauen bzw. stärken soll. Seine Entwicklung erfolgt in einem iterativen Gestaltungsprozess, der von einer mehrstufigen Mixed-Methods-Evaluation begleitet wird. Das Lernszenario kann in verschiedenen Formen u. a. in Berufsschulen, Berufsförderungswerken und Betrieben eingesetzt werden. Bisherige Pilotversuche zeigen vielversprechende Ergebnisse, machen aber auch wesentliche Herausforderungen für die weitere Entwicklung deutlich.
Teaching Italian as a second language through digital storytelling: Students’ perceptions towards izi.TRAVEL
Authors: Spaliviero Camilla
Published: April 2022

The use of technology-enhanced language learning, representing an urgent issue due to the Covid-19 pandemic, has also been promoted by many studies in second language acquisition. Nevertheless, research in this field is only partially developed for the teaching of Italian as a second language (L2) within the university context and for investigating students’ perceptions. This article presents an action research project on the use of izi.TRAVEL, a website housing more than 15,000 audio guides for touring various sites in cities around the world. The aim of the study is to contribute to developing didactic practices relative to Italian as an L2 through digital storytelling, in order to raise and foster students’ linguistic and digital skills. Participants were a small group of students studying Italian as an L2 as part of a master’s program at an Italian university. Data were collected through a questionnaire, a focus group, and students’ multimodal artifacts. Results show the positive impact of project participation on students’ attitudes and perceived learning outcomes, as well as improvements in linguistic, cultural, environmental, and digital competences.
Entanglement entropy from entanglement contour: higher dimensions
Authors: Han Muxin , Wen Qiang
Published: April 2022

We study the entanglement contour and partial entanglement entropy (PEE) in quantum field theories in 3 and higher dimensions. The entanglement entropy is evaluated from a certain limit of the PEE with a geometric regulator. In the context of the entanglement contour, we classify the geometric regulators, study their difference from the UV regulators. Furthermore, for spherical regions in conformal field theories (CFTs) we find the exact relation between the UV and geometric cutoff, which clarifies some subtle points in the previous literature.
We clarify a subtle point of the additive linear combination (ALC) proposal for PEE in higher dimensions. The subset entanglement entropies in the ALC proposal should all be evaluated as a limit of the PEE while excluding a fixed class of local-short-distance correlation. Unlike the 2-dimensional configurations, naively plugging the entanglement entropy calculated with a UV cutoff will spoil the validity of the ALC proposal. We derive the entanglement contour function for spherical regions, annuli and spherical shells in the vacuum state of general-dimensional CFTs on a hyperplane.
The Consumerization of Work in the Modern City: Storefronts, Coworking, and the Convergence of Production and Consumption
Authors: Bacevice Peter
Published: April 2022

The use and reuse of urban storefront spaces provide a lens into the economic activities of neighbourhoods and cities. As a spatial typology, the urban storefront has adapted to economic change and accommodated new uses over time. Coworking has emerged as a legitimate social architecture of the new economy, and coworking spaces have increasingly layered themselves into the physical architecture of the storefronts and streetscapes of major cities. This article contextualizes the coworking space along the historic trajectory of the urban storefront and draws from speci fic examples of street-level coworking spaces in New York City developed through exploratory case study methods. The main argument is that by situating coworking space at street level, work has become an increasingly consumerized experience that is marketed and sold like other goods and services. This trend off ers an alternative to retail use, thus providing an opportunity to rebalance the mix of uses in neighbourhoods and cities. The article concludes with re flections to inform planning and design.
Gathering Spaces When No One Can Gather: Art and Community Third Places in the Age of Covid-19
Authors: Parker Jeffrey Nathaniel
Published: April 2022

What do art and community spaces look like when no one can use them to gather? Academic research into neighbourhoods and urban art scenes have focused on the power of such spaces to bring people together. Using the framework of Oldenburg's notion of 'third places', sociologists have
recognized the importance of places like art galleries, bars, restaurants, coff ee shops, and anywhere else people gather in providing a physical site of orientation outside work and the home for people to be together and communities to amalgamate. While there have always been critiques of
such places and their role in urban space, e.g.their part in gentri fication and potential displacement, positive accounts of their role in neighbourhood life have typically focused on their ability to draw people together, so a situation like the current pandemic – when such gatherings
are forestalled – raises an obvious question about their current utility. Using two case studies on the South Side of Chicago, this paper leverages interview data with merchants involved with sociallyengaged commercial spaces to examine some of the ways that community spaces in Chicago
shifted in light of the pandemic. The article concludes with policy and theoretical considerations based on these case studies, extrapolating lessons beyond the South Side of Chicago. Speci fically, it suggests that in addition to off ering limited versions of their traditional facilitation
of physical co-presence, art and community third places can also leverage their importance in social networks to help distribute information and resources.
Rebuilding Cultural Ethos in Urban Storefronts: Two Arts Districts in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas
Authors: Jeong Hyesun
Published: April 2022

Dallas-Fort Worth, the fastest growing region in Texas, has been criticized for decades for auto-centric and corporate development, which has restricted the sustainable design of cultural venues in need of permeable access to the community. Meanwhile, the city's arts districts –
Bishop Arts District and Deep Ellum, officially designated as Cultural Districts in the Dallas Cultural Plan – are known for their clusters of murals, live music venues, and independent businesses, which exemplify the transformation of the forgo en historic streetcar corridors into bohemian
cultural destinations. This paper examines the revitalization of Deep Ellum and the Bishop Arts District that have both become successful local destinations with walkable commercial streets. First, we review the literature on cultural placemaking in a post-industrial urban context. Next, using
US Census data, we explore the socio-demographic environment of the two neighbourhoods. Then, synthesizing a Geographic Information System (GIS) data set and Google Street imagery, we analyse storefronts that have been modi fied for cultural use. Urban development of cultural districts shows
that reusing storefronts can and should be contextually adapted to the existing built landscape and socio-cultural environment to satisfy both communities' needs and to enhance local economic growth. In view of cultural placemaking, the city should develop a policy that increases pedestrian
and transit access to cultural districts, aff ordable housing, and spaces for artists and residents, and spurs innovative, often post-retail, cultural storefront repurposing through community engagement in order to build incremental, long-term resilience.
Autosomal dominant intellectual disability associated with the MED13L gene
Authors: Levchenko O. A. , Rudenskaya G. E. , Markova T. V. , Bessonova L. A. , Marakhonov A. V. , Nagieva S. E. , Shchagina O. A. , Lavrov A. V.
Published: April 2022

Intellectual disability is a widespread group of diseases with population frequency 1–3%. More than half of intellectual disability cases are due to various genetic causes, including monogenic ones. The paper describes three clinical cases of MED13L-associated intellectual disability with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Novel probably pathogenic variants p.Cys118delinsTrpSer and p.Gln2111fs, as well as the previously described p.Pro866Leu mutation in the MED13L gene (NM_015335), were detected in patients by massive parallel sequencing. А rare familial case with two affected maternal half-siblings was of particular interest since the mutation detected in both children was not found in the mother (blood cells and buccal epithelium were investigated). We assume the presence of gonadal mosaicism in the mother, which allows to recommend families with confirmed cases of MED13L-associated intellectual disability to plan pregnancies with prenatal or preimplantational diagnostics. The disease has been shown to have a wide clinical variability, even intrafamilial.
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA in several generations of the same family: implications for the differential diagnosis of mitochondrial disease
Authors: Litvinova N. A. , Sukhorukov V. S. , Ardashirova N. S. , Akhmadullina D. R. , Baranich T. I.
Published: April 2022

Mitochondrial insufficiency does not always have vivid polysystemic manifestations that clinically reflect the dysfunction of these organelles. Diagnosis can be difficult both from a clinical and laboratory point of view. In this case, the authors describe a family with erased or not obvious corresponding clinical manifestations in 3 generations. Complete genomic assessment of mitochondrial DNA give enabled the authorsto identify inherited pathological changes. These findings are very important for understanding the molecular processes of mitochondrial disease development and the further development of specific therapy.
Modern aspects of anticonvulsant pharmacotherapy in newborns
Authors: Perfil’ev V. Yu. , Miroshnichenko A. G. , Zhelev V. A. , Devald E. V.
Published: April 2022

Proper treatment of neonatal seizures is crucial for reducing long-term neurological disorders. None of the currently used drugs to treat neonatal seizures has sufficient evidentiary base to make an unambiguous conclusion about its effectiveness. There are no results of large-scale studies that allow choosing an anticonvulsant drug for starting therapy and an alternative to it, in case the drug of choice is ineffective. The review summarizes the data on the effectiveness of anticonvulsants of different pharmacologic classes and considers their benefits, drawbacks, and possible mechanisms of variability in effectiveness when used in newborns. The review also analyzes approaches to the duration of the anticonvulsant therapy and discusses the problems and prospects of clinical trials for increasing the effectiveness and safety of anticonvulsant therapy in newborns.
Place of fermented milk products in a flexitarian diet structure
Authors: Khavkin A. I. , Zavyalova A. N. , Novikova V. P.
Published: April 2022

Changes in the traditional way of life, conditioned by socio-economic processes, affect persistent nutritional stereotypes among other aspects. This fully applies to flexitarianism. The term «Flexitarianism» was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2014 and denotes a direction in dietetics as flexible vegetarianism, i.e., rare consumption of meat or fish against the background of a plantbased diet. Many do not realize that they are currently following the Flexitarian diet. Its origins are known even in traditional dietetics where the protein component is limited mainly in respect to animal proteins for gout and chronic kidney disease. The article reflects the positive impact of the Flexitarian diet on gut health and microflora. The formation of intestinal microflora under the influence of plant and fermented milk products is optimal. A possible alternative to red meat can be fermented dairy products rich in minerals, essential amino acids, and essential nutrients due to lactic acid fermentation and the production of essential food components by the intestinal microflora
Microbiota and child health: objectives of medical practice
Authors: Kharitonova L. A. , Grigoriev K. I. , Papysheva O. V. , Borzakova S. N.
Published: April 2022

The microbiota plays a key role in the physiology and maintenance of homeostasis in the child’s body. It is important to know the processes of formation of the intestinal microbiota that begin in utero. The baby continues to receive the mother’s microflora during childbirth and breastfeeding. The results of molecular genetic studies indicate that the most intensive process of microbial colonization of a child is associated with dietary habits. The main factor in maintaining the stability and resistance of normobiota is microbial autometabolites. The most promising areas of probiotic biotechnology and the development of metabolic probiotics (metabiotics), probiotics in combination with prebiotics (synbiotics) are considered. Understanding the processes of formation of intestinal microflora allows developing effective methods for the prevention and correction of microecological and motor disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in the age aspect.
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations in the Republic of Mordovia
Authors: Grishutkina I. A. , Naumenko E. I. , Samoshkina E. S. , Khramikhina S. S.
Published: April 2022

The article presents the result of identification of congenital malformations in fetuses in the Republic of Mordovia for 2015–2019. A retrospective analysis of their structure, prevalence, and timing of detection using prenatal diagnostic methods was performed. According to the authors, the prevalence of defects in the region is 35.5 to 49 per 1000 newborns, which is comparable to global data. Ultrasound continues to be the basic diagnostic method.
Risk factors for health problems in children born weighing less than 1500 g
Authors: Dolotova N. V. , Filkina O. M. , Malyshkina A. I. , Nazarov S. B. , Vorobyova E. A. , Kocherova O. Yu. , Matveeva E. A.
Published: April 2022

Achievements of perinatal medicine and a higher survival rate of children born with extremely low weight require an improvement in the dynamic observation of this category of children at an early age.

Purpose. This study aimed at studying the health status of young children with disabilities caused by diseases of the nervous system, born weighing less than 1500 grams, with an analysis of morbidity, physical development, emotional status, and autonomic regulation.

Results and conclusion. A clinical and functional study of 74 children born with a body weight of less than 1500 grams made enabled the authors to identify the peculiarities of their health and physical development in the first year of life, to identify risk factors, and to develop a method for predicting the formation of cerebral palsy by one year of life in these children. Consequently, pediatricians and neurologists will be able to timely carry out preventive measures for children from a high-risk group.
Trigger role of infectious agents in the genesis of sudden infant death
Authors: Medvedeva V. V.
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To increase the effectiveness of diagnostic predictors for the development of sudden infant death based on the study of the role of infectious agents.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 120 cases of development of children, suddenly deceased, medical charts of pregnant women, histories of childbirth of mothers was carried out, and the morphological features of the suddenly deceased children were studied. The frequency of distribution and types of viruses detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction test (PCR) in the examined children who died suddenly in their first year of life were analyzed. Statistical analysis of the research results was made in the MedStat software.

Results. The frequency of detection of various infectious agents among the deceased from sudden infant death is (64.4 ± 4.2) %. Morphohistological study indicated characteristic signs of catarrhal tracheobronchitis (83.0 ± 5.5) %, focal intraepithelial inflammation of the larynx and trachea (48.9 ± 7.3) %, desquamative catarrhal pneumonia (31.9 ± 6.8) %, as well as acute focal bronchitis (27.7 ± 6.5) %.

Conclusion. The performed study confirms that in the genesis of sudden infant death, along with a role of social and economic, medical and biological factors, there is an obvious negative effect of infectious agents, with the infectious activator working as the trigger and provoking sudden infant death.
Interdisciplinary approach to early rehabilitation of newborns with cleft lip and cleft palate
Authors: Mamedov A. A. , Geppe N. A. , Skakodub A. A. , Volkov Yu. O. , Parshikova S. A. , Gorlova N. V. , Mazurina L. A. , Dudnik O. V.
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the interdisciplinary interaction of pediatricians, surgeons, orthodontists, anesthesiologists, and otorhinolaryngologists in the complex rehabilitation of newborns with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Purpose. The aim of the study was to increase the effectiveness of treatment of newborns with bilateral cleft lip and palate due to preliminary orthodontic treatment. Characteristics of children and research methods. A comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of 32 patients with a diagnosis of complete bilateral cleft lip and palate were carried out. The patients were divided into two subgroups. In the first subgroup (n=16), newborns were fed using an anatomical nipple; in the second subgroup (n=16), newborns underwent presurgical orthodontic treatment using individual obturators. Results. Early presurgical orthodontic intervention with the use of individual obturators allows normalizing the process of breastfeeding in newborns. It is proved that the interdisciplinary interaction of doctors of related specialties allows for a comprehensive diagnosis, counseling and subsequent surgical treatment of newborns with bilateral cleft lip and palate. Conclusion. The proposed approach can be useful for doctors of all pediatric profiles. The development of an integrated approach in the newborn period allows specialists to implement a competent step-by-step treatment of patients from birth to 18 years old.
Design Review on WWF Orangutan Posters
Authors: Widiantoro Danu
Published: April 2022

Graphic design as a field that is closely related to the medium of visual communication is built through elements and principles. Elements become the visual communication material used, while the principle is a system that binds the elements so that they can communicate effectively. One visual communication medium designed with elements and principles in mind is posters. Over the years posters have been used as a good visual communication medium due to their informative nature. Posters contain information that can be digested by the audience briefly and with minimal effort. Likewise, posters are used as a communication medium by WWF (Worldwild Life Fund). On its website WWF launched a poster series to introduce a variety of animal species, one of which is Orangutan Poster. This research was conducted to review the implementation of graphic design elements and principles in Orangutan posters. The method used is qualitative descriptive. Data analysis is done through literature review sources. The purpose of this research is to aims Orangutan poster using analytical design review through four stages which is stage description, the analysis stage, the stage of interpretation, and evaluation phase. The results of this study can be a supporting literacy for the application of design elements and principles in poster media. Also this research is expected to be a bridge for the audience in interpreting the poster works in more detail.