bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The diagnostic value of core needle biopsy in cervical cancer: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Lia Massimiliano , Horn Lars-Christian , Sodeikat Paulina , Höckel Michael , Aktas Bahriye , Wolf Benjamin
Published: March 2022

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and
predictive value of preoperative core needle biopsy (CNB) assessment of
histological characteristics in primary cervical cancer. Setting:
Retrospective cohort study. Population: Women older than 18 with primary
cervical cancer enrolled in the prospective Leipzig School MMR study and
had CNBs taken before their operation. Methods: We reviewed 318 cases of
cervical carcinoma with available pathology reports from preoperative
CNB assessment and from final postoperative evaluation of the
hysterectomy specimen. Setting the postoperative comprehensive
pathological evaluation as reference, we analysed CNB assessment of
histological tumor characteristics. In addition, we performed
multivariable logistic regression to identify factors influencing the
accuracy in identifying lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) and tumor
grade. Main outcome measures: Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and
predictive values of CNB assessment of histological tumor
characteristics and the variables influencing these. Results: CNB was
highly accurate in discriminating histological subtype. Sensitivity and
specificity were 98.8% and 89% for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),
92.9% and 96.6% for adenocarcinoma (AC), 33.3% and 100% in
adenosquamous carcinoma respectively. Neuroendocrine carcinoma was
always recognized correctly. The accuracy of the prediction of
lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) was 61.9% and was positively
influenced by tumor size in preoperative MRI and negatively influenced
by strong peritumoral inflammation. High tumor grade was diagnosed
accurately in 73.9% of cases and was influenced by histological tumor
type. Conclusions: CNB is an accurate sampling technique for
histological classification of cervical cancer and represents a
reasonable alternative to other biopsy techniques. Funding: “Stiftung
gynäkologische Onkologie” (non-profit-organization).
Correlation of preoperative and intraoperative assessment of pelvic organ prolapse by pelvic organ prolapse quantification system : a cross sectional study
Authors: CHAUDHURI SNEHAMAY , J Vaithyeswari
Published: March 2022

Objective- To correlate the assessment of pelvic organ prolapse between
POP-Q score measured preoperatively with Valsalva manoeuvre and
intraoperatively with mechanical traction. Design – Cross sectional
Setting – Midnapore Medical College ,Midnapore , West Bengal , India
Sample - Women attending gynaecology out patient department ( OPD) with
symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse and planned for vaginal operative
treatment between March 2019 to February 2020. Methods - Preoperative
examination was done in OPD by POP-Q system with Valsalva manoeuvre and
final examination was done under spinal anesthesia with mechanical
traction. The correlation was done between pre and intraoperative
measurements. Results: All intraoperative POP-Q measurements showed
significant higher descent as compared with preoperative measurements
(mean difference Aa 0.72cm, Ba 1.08cm, C 1.66cm, Ap 0.26cm,Bp 1.6cm, D
1.6cm, Gh 0.6cm,) except for Pb and Tvl. . Among all nine measurements
the greatest difference between preoperative and intraoperative were
observed for point C, D and Bp. Conclusion:Preoperative POP-Q score
significantly differed when assessed intraoperatively under spinal
anesthesia with traction. Patient should beinformed that the surgical
plan might change depending on the intraoperative findings.Our study is
an alert for both surgeon and patient.
Interaction of Left Ventricular Size with the Outcome of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients with Small Body Size
Authors: Ito Ryo , Kondo Yusuke , Nakano Masahiro , Kajiyama Takatsugu , Nakano Miyo , Takahira Haruhiro , Kitagawa Mari , Sugawara Masafumi , Chiba Toshinori , Kobayashi Yoshio
Published: March 2022

Introduction: We analyzed the influence of the QRS duration (QRSd) to
left ventricle (LV) end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) ratio on the clinical
outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in HF patients with
small body size and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification
III/IV. Methods and Results We enrolled 114 patients with advanced heart
failure (NYHA class III/IV, and LV ejection fraction >
35%) who received a CRT device, including those with left bundle branch
block (LBBB) and QRSd ≥ 120 ms (n = 60), non-LBBB and QRSd ≥ 150 ms (n =
30), and non-LBBB and QRSd of 120-149 ms (n = 24). Over a mean follow-up
period of 65 ± 58 months, the incidence of the primary endpoint, a
composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for heart failure,
showed no significant intergroup difference (43.3% vs. 50.0% vs.
37.5%, respectively, p = 0.72). Similarly, among 104 patients with
QRSd/LVEDV ≥ 0.67 (n = 54) and QRSd/LVEDV < 0.67 (n = 52), no
significant differences were observed in the incidence of the primary
endpoint (35.1% vs. 51.9%, p = 0.49). Nevertheless, patients with
QRSd/LVEDV ≥ 0.67 showed better survival than those with QRSd/LVEDV
< 0.67 (14.8% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.0024). Conclusion: Advanced
HF patients with a higher QRSd/LVEDV ratio showed better survival in
this small-body–size population. Thus, the risk is concentrated among
those with a larger QRSd, and patients with a relatively smaller left
ventricular size appeared to benefit from CRT.
PEDIATRIC CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) DEATH IN A CHILD WITH CYCLIC NEUTROPENIA
Authors: Leister John , McCarthy Laura
Published: March 2022

We present the case of a 3-year-old female with cyclic neutropenia and
history of febrile seizures who died acutely from coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19). While most children with COVID-19 infection are
asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, there may be increased risk of
severe disease in immunocompromised children. To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first reported case of a COVID-19-related death
in a pediatric patient with cyclic neutropenia.
Detection of pseudorabies virus antibody in swine serum and oral fluid specimens using a recombinant gE glycoprotein dual matrix indirect ELISA
Authors: Cheng Ting-Yu , Magtoto Ronaldo , Henao-Diaz Alexandra , Poonsuk Korakrit , Buckley Alexandra , Geelen Albert Van , Lager Kelly , Zimmerman Jeffrey , Gimenez-Lirola Luis
Published: March 2022

Pseudorabies (Aujeszky’s disease) virus (PRV) was eliminated from
domestic swine in many countries through programs based on glycoprotein
E (gE) deleted vaccines and serum antibody gE ELISAs, but PRV continues
to circulate in some regions and in most feral swine populations in the
world. In this study, a dual matrix (serum and oral fluid) indirect IgG
gE ELISA (iELISA) was created and its performance evaluated using
samples from 4 treatment groups (10 pigs each): negative control (NC),
vaccination (MLV), PRV inoculation (PRV), and vaccination followed by
challenge (MLV-PRV). All serum and oral fluid samples collected prior to
PRV challenge and all NC samples throughout the study were negative for
gE antibodies by commercial blocking ELISA (bELISA) and iELISA. Nasal
swab samples from 9 of 10 animals in the PRV group were gB qPCR positive
at 2 days post inoculation (DPI). The oral fluid iELISA detected a
significant S/P response in the PRV (p = 0.03) and MLV-PRV (p = 0.01)
groups by 6 DPI. ROC analyses of serum bELISA (n = 428), serum iELISA (n
= 426), and oral fluid iELISA (n = 247) showed no significant
differences in performance (p > 0.05). Overall, the data
supported the concept of a PRV surveillance based on oral fluid samples
tested on an indirect gE ELISA.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND BEHAVIORS OF IMAMS ON PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Üçer Hüseyin , Keten Hamit Sırrı , Kuş Celal , Güvenç Numan , Işık Oğuz
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the knowledge,
attitudes, and behaviors of imams on Prostate Cancer (PC). Methods: This
study was carried out on 287 imams serving in Kahramanmaraş province in
Turkey. A questionnaire investigating the sociodemographic
characteristics of the participants and their knowledge, attitudes, and
behaviors on PC was conducted. Results: The mean age of imams was
40.46±8.93 (min=22, max=60). 266 (92.7%) of the participants said they
had heard of PC and 16 (5.6%) had heard of the prostate-specific
antigen (PSA) test. Knowledge score of imams about PC was 8.66±5.21
(min=0, max=21). Knowledge score of imams did not change according to
marital status (p=0.304) and education level (p=0.16), but knowledge
score significantly increased with age groups (as age increased)
(p=0.010). 9 (3.1%) of the participants said they had previously
received training on PC, and 208 (72.5%) wanted to get training. As a
source of information about PC, 169 (58.9%) of the participants stated
television/radio, 82 (28.6%) stated the internet, and 49 (17.1%)
stated health workers. 208 of the imams (72.5%) stated that risk of PC
increased with age and 114 (39.7%) participants stated that risk of PC
increased with family history of PC. 120 (41.8%) of the participants
stated that decreased urine quantity may be a sign of PC, 152 (53.0%)
stated that burning and pain sensation while urination can be a sign of
PC, and 41 (14.3%) stated that back pain may be a sign of PC.
Conclusions: Results of the present study revealed that imams lack
significant knowledge on PC. Trainings on PC should be organized for
imams and the issuance of fatwa for PC should be encouraged. The
coordinated work of media, medical personnel and religious officials on
PC will be an important factor in the fight against PC.
Bovine Delta papillomavirus E5 oncoprotein interacts with TRIM25 and hampers antiviral innate immune response mediated by RIG-I-like receptors
Authors: Falco Francesca De , Cutarelli Anna , Gentile Ivan , Cerino Pellegrino , Uleri Valeria , Catoi Adriana Florinela , Roperto Sante
Published: March 2022

Persistent infection and tumourigenesis by papillomaviruses (PVs)
require viral manipulation of various of cellular processes, including
those involved in innate immune responses. Herein, we showed that bovine
PV (BPV) E5 oncoprotein interacts with a tripartite motif-containing 25
(TRIM25) but not with Riplet in spontaneous BPV infection of urothelial
cells of cattle. Statistically significant reduced protein levels of
TRIM25, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), and melanoma
differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) were detected by Western blot
analysis. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed marked transcriptional
downregulation of RIG-I and MDA5 in E5-expressing cells compared with
healthy urothelial cells. Mitochondrial antiviral signalling (MAVS)
protein expression did not vary significantly between diseased and
healthy cells. Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that MAVS
interacted with a protein network composed of Sec13, which is a positive
regulator of MAVS-mediated RLR antiviral signalling, phosphorylated TANK
binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor
3 (IRF3). Immunoblotting revealed significantly low expression levels of
Sec13 in BPV-infected cells. Low levels of Sec13 resulted in a weaker
host antiviral immune response, as it attenuates MAVS-mediated IRF3
activation. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed significantly
reduced expression levels of pTBK1, which plays an essential role in the
activation and phosphorylation of IRF3, a prerequisite for the latter to
enter the nucleus to activate type 1 IFN genes. Our results suggested
that the innate immune signalling pathway mediated by RIG-I-like
receptors (RLRs) was impaired in cells infected with BPVs. Therefore, an
effective immune response is not elicited against these viruses, which
facilitates persistent viral infection.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Telemedicine for Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery in Regional Australia
Authors: Hunn Samuel , Kwok Matthew Ming Kei , Tan Hannah , Borschmann Michael
Published: March 2022

Abstract Background The use of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic
has emerged as both a necessary and significant tool in the provision of
safe and timely healthcare in the field of otolaryngology. Increased
access to specialist care in a regional setting is an additional
benefit. Variation in diagnostic accuracy of telehealth consultations
may affect diagnosis and management. Therefore, our aim is to determine
the diagnostic accuracy of telemedicine for otolaryngology in an
Australian regional setting. Methods Retrospective review was conducted
for all patients who received an initial telemedicine appointment over a
7 month period during the COVID-19 pandemic in regional Victoria,
Australia. Data was collected regarding initial diagnosis and management
from telemedicine consultations, subsequent physical appointment
findings and management and intraoperative findings. Statistical
analysis was performed using Prism (version 8.0, GraphPad). Results Two
hundred and fifty-nine patients were included. The most common
conditions referred were for consideration of tonsillectomy with or
without adenoidectomy (44.0%). Overall diagnostic accuracy of the
initial referrer was 63.3% and for telephone appointments it was
81.9%. Concordance of recommended treatment plans between telephone and
physical appointments was 96.9%. Conclusion There are significant
benefits of phone only telemedicine within the context of a global
pandemic which were compounded by a regional setting. Paediatric
patients were found to be of highest benefit for telemedicine with high
diagnostic accuracy and concordance of treatment plans.
An incessant atrial tachycardia originating from epicardial left atrial appendage in a 12-year-old girl: ablation or excision?
Authors: Feng Xiang-Fei , Wang Qunshan , Sun Jian , Zhang Peng-Pai , Yu Yi , Li Yi-Gang
Published: March 2022

Aims The left atrial appendage (LAA) is one of the major sources of
atrial tachycardias (ATs) in children. However, endocardial ablation in
LAA may fail or even cause fatal tamponade; and epicardial ablation with
subsequent surgical appendectomy (SAE) may be required. There is no
relevant report in children. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of
epicardial ablation with SAE in children. Methods and results The
epicardial ablation with SAE was performed in a 12-year-old girl with an
incessant AT. Endocardial mapping demonstrated endocardial activation
time of −112 msec and −105 msec (relative to the onset of the A wave at
CS9-10) in the right ventricular outflow tract and LAA, respectively.
But multiple ablation attempts at these sites did not terminate the AT.
After the left-side pericardium opened, the earliest activation (−120
msec) during AT was found at the apex of upper lobe. At this site,
ablation eliminated the tachycardia within 5 seconds of onset of energy.
After ablation, the LAA was excited, followed by a continuous over and
over suture to definitely close the resection line. The free of AT and a
decrease in LAD and NT-proBNP were achieved during the 12-month
follow-up. Conclusion The epicardial ablation with subsequent SAE was
successfully performed in a child. The heart function of the patient
improved after a 12-month follow-up. The excision of LAA may be an ideal
strategy for children with incessant AT originating from epicardial LAA.
However, the long-term safety and efficacy of SAE in children should be
further estimated.
Real-World Long-Term Survival for Different Types of Cancers in the United States
Authors: Sakr Rokia , Nasr Abdelrahman , Zineldin Eman , Gouda Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Background: Long-term survival is an important endpoint that is rarely
assessed due to the unfeasibility of long-term follow-up. In this study,
we are exploring real-world data on long-term survival using historical
records from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)
database. Besides the reporting of 5-year relative survival, we have
also analyzed 10- and 20-year survival for different types of cancers.
Survival trends as a function of time, age at diagnosis, and tumor type
were also reviewed. Methods: SEER*Stat version 8.3.6.1 was used for data
acquisition from SEER 9 Regs (Nov 2019 Submission) database. Data of
patients diagnosed between 1975 and 2014 were retrieved and included in
the analysis. Results: For patients diagnosed with any malignant disease
(n = 4,412,024), the median overall survival (66 months) showed a
significant increase over time from 1975-2014 (p < 0.001).
Twenty-, ten-, and five-year survival rates were all higher in solid
tumors compared with hematological malignancies (50.7% versus 37.7%,
57% versus 47%, and 62.2% versus 56.9%, respectively). Highest
20-year relative survival was observed in thyroid cancer (95.2%), germ
cell and trophoblastic neoplasms (90.3%), melanoma (86.8%), and Wilms’
tumor (86.2%). Conclusions: Long-term follow-up data were suggestive of
high 20-year relative survival for most tumors. Relative survival showed
an improving trend over time. Hematological malignancies, even though
most of them are being perceived as curable, had lower long-term
survival than solid tumors.
On G continuity in neutrosophic soft spaces
Authors: Acikgoz Ahu , Cakalli Huseyin , Esenbel Ferhat
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce the concept of neutrosophic $G$-sequential
continuity as a new tool to further studies presenting the definitions
of neutrosophic soft sequence, neutrosophic soft quasi-coincidence,
neutrosophic soft $q$-neighborhood, neutrosophic soft cluster point,
neutrosophic soft boundary point, neutrosophic soft sequential closure,
neutrosophic soft group, neutrosophic soft method, which constitute a
base to define the concepts of neutrosophic soft $G$-sequential
closure, neutrosophic soft $G$-sequential derived set,
$G$-sequentially neutrosophic soft compactness of a subset of a
neutrosophic soft topological space. Their characters are analyzed and
some implications are given. A counterexample to each implication is
also given.
Uncertain future for global sea turtle populations in face of sea level rise
Authors: Rivas Marga , Rodriguez-Caballero Emilio , Esteban Nicole , Carpio Antonio , Barreu Barbara , Fuentes Mariana , Robertson Katharine , Azanza Julia , Leon Yolanda , Ortega Zaida
Published: March 2022

Sea level rise has accelerated during recent decades, exceeding rates
recorded during the previous two millennia1. Many coastal habitats and
species around the globe are vanishing2. This situation is expected to
worsen due to anthropogenically induced climate change. However, the
magnitude and relevance of expected increase in sea level rise (SLR) for
marine and terrestrial species reliant on coastal habitat for foraging,
resting or breeding is unknown. We combined freely available digital
elevation models for continental and remote island beaches across ocean
basins with field data and sea level rise projections to explore the
potential impact of SLR under various IPCC SLR scenarios on sea turtle
nesting habitats at some of the largest rookeries worldwide. The study
sites host five out of seven living species and all of them are
categorized from vulnerable to critically endangered3 and essential due
to sea turtles return to natal beaches to nest4. Our results confirm
that the majority of sea turtle nesting habitat could vanish within the
next few decades, leading to the depletion of many populations
worldwide. Thus, even under moderate climate change scenarios, a large
proportion of sea turtle nesting habitat will be flooded by 2050 and not
survive to the end of the century. Overall, nesting populations with a
low steep beaches slope and those species nesting at open beaches such
as leatherback and loggerheads sea turtles might be the most affected
under future SLR scenarios.
Major ginsenosides from Panax ginseng promote aerobic cellular respiration and SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial biosynthesis in cardiomyocytes and neurons
Authors: Huang Qingxia , Lou Tingting , Lu Jing , Wang Manying , Chen Xuenan , Xue Linyuan , Tang Xiaolei , Qi Wenxiu , Zhang Zepeng , Su Hang , Jin Wenqi , Jing Chenxu , Zhao Daqing , Sun Liwei , Li Xiangyan
Published: March 2022

Aerobic cellular respiration provides chemical energy, adenosine
triphosphate (ATP), to maintain multiple cellular functions. Sirtuin 1
(SIRT1) can deacetylate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) to promote mitochondrial biosynthesis.
Targeting energy metabolism is a potential strategy for the prevention
and treatment of various diseases, such as cardiac and neurological
disorders. Ginsenosides, one of the major bioactive constituents of
Panax ginseng, have been extensively used due to their diverse
beneficial effects on healthy subjects and patients with different
diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of total
ginsenosides (GS) on energy metabolism remain unclear. In this study,
oxygen consumption rate, ATP production, mitochondrial biosynthesis,
glucose metabolism, and SIRT1-PGC-1α pathways in untreated and
GS-treated different cells, fly, and mouse models were investigated. GS
pretreatment enhanced mitochondrial respiration capacity and ATP
production in aerobic respiration-dominated cardiomyocytes and neurons,
and promoted tricarboxylic acid metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Moreover,
GS clearly enhanced NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activation to increase
mitochondrial biosynthesis in cardiomyocytes and neurons, which was
completely abrogated by nicotinamide. In addition, GS had protective
effects against hypoxia- or oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced
cardiomyocyte damage through activation of the SIRT1-PGC-1α pathway.
Importantly, ginsenoside monomers, such as Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rh1,
Rb2, and Rb3, were found to activate SIRT1 and promote energy
metabolism. This study may provide new insights into the extensive
application of ginseng for cardiac and neurological protection in
healthy subjects and patients with ischemic disorders.
Overexpression of cytoplasmic C4 Flaveria bidentis carbonic anhydrase in C3 Arabidopsis thaliana increases photosynthetic potential and biomass
Authors: Kandoi Deepika , Ruhil Kamal , Govindjee1 Govindjee , Tripathy Baishnab
Published: March 2022

One of the important ways to improve photosynthetic capacity in C3
crops, such as rice and wheat, is to transfer efficient C4 characters to
them. Here, cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (βCA3) of the C4 Flaveria
bidentis (Fb), having low Km for CO2, was overexpressed under the
control of 35S promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana, a C3 plant, to enhance
its photosynthetic efficiency. Overexpression of CA resulted in higher
[HCO3-] in the cytosol of the overexpressors, and increased
endogenous phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity generating
oxaloacetate that feeds into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This provided
more carbon skeleton for increased synthesis of amino acids and
proteins. Further, transgenic expression of FbβCA3 in Arabidopsis led to
pleiotropic expression of several genes/proteins involved in chlorophyll
biosynthesis and photosynthesis leading to higher chlorophyll content
and photosynthetic capacity in the transformants. Due to the presence of
higher CO2 in the chloroplast, pleiotropic effect overexpressors had
enhanced CO2 assimilation, starch content, and plant dry weight. In
addition, transgenic plants had lower stomatal conductance, reduced
transpiration rate and higher water use efficiency. These results, taken
together, show that expression of C4 CA in the cytosol of a C3 plant can
indeed improve its photosynthetic capacity with enhanced water use
efficiency.
Evaluating the predictive value of fetal Doppler indices and neonatal outcome in late-onset preeclampsia with severe features: A cross-sectional study in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Moawad Eman , Tammam Amr Samir Fouad , Mosaad Maha Mohamed , Sayed Hadeer Mashaal El , Elaimy Adel Mohammed Atef Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Background: Preeclampsia constitutes a major health problem with
substantial maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Purpose: The
aim of this study was to detect the diagnostic efficacy of fetal Doppler
in predicting adverse outcomes in severe late onset preeclampsia (LOP).
Methods: A prospective study was conducted among childbearing women who
presented with severe LOP and matched controls. Umbilical artery (UA)
and middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler indices including pulsatility
index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) and
cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were measured. Results: All UA indices were
significantly higher in the case group compared to the controls (p 
0.001). UA PI and RI were significantly correlated with all neonatal
adverse outcomes except cord pH status (p  0.05). Abnormal CPR was the
most sensitive index that positively correlated with intrauterine growth
retardation (IUGR), low 5- minute Apgar score and neonatal intensive
care unit admission (79 %, 72.8 % and 73.3 %, respectively). In the
same context, Abnormal UA PI and RI represented the most specific tool
for predicting IUGR, low 1- and 5- minutes Apgar score with PPV values
were 52 %, 87 % and 57 %, respectively. Discussion: Doppler flow
ultrasound has emerged as a non-invasive tool for fetomaternal
surveillance in high risk pregnancies and prediction of
adverse-pregnancy outcomes particularly in a limited-resource settings.
Conclusion: In severe LOP, UA Doppler remains the preferential indicator
for adverse birth outcomes with CPR is the best index that could be
solely used for predicting such outcome.
Translating cognitive effect of neurogenesis augmentation by antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia: growth factors in the loop
Authors: Khan Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Neurogenesis is a dynamic trophic process, which produces enormous
number of new neurons per day in the adult brain. New neurons
participate in synapse circuit formation, and gaining discrete brain
functions including memory, and cognition. Various learning activities
and therapeutic agents, which increase neurogenesis also improve memory
and cognition in rodents suggesting that neurogenesis could be a
potential avenue for treating cognitive disabilities. In schizophrenia,
while reducing psychosis is a priority, improving cognition is
considered crucial for integrating patients into the academic and
working environment. However, the most commonly prescribed antipsychotic
drugs (APD), despite increasing neurogenesis, either do not improve or
show marginal effect on cognition in schizophrenia. Molecular mechanisms
that render APD ineffective in improving cognition are unclear; however,
neurotrophic factors, which regulate all aspects of neurogenesis, could
provide valuable clues. Therefore, in this review APD’s influence on
cognition, neurogenesis, and on growth factor deficit in schizophrenia
is discussed.
Asymmetric facilitation in agroecosystem: Exploring concurrent positive and negative plant interactions
Authors: Wei Wang , Yi-Ning Zhou , Meng-Ying Li , Rui Zhou , Bao-Zhong Wang , Shuang-Guo Zhu , Abid Ullah , Hai-Xia Duan , Jing Wang , Xiong You-Cai
Published: March 2022

Facilitation events were mostly reported in two modes of mutual
promotion (+/+) and unilateral benefit (+/0) in cultivated plant
populations, yet few investigations showed the third mode, i.e. +/-. We
investigated the maize-faba bean intercropping system as the third mode
which was little documented. Land equivalent ratio in intercropping
system was significantly greater than in monocropping one, with faba
bean as superior species (+), and maize as inferior species (-). For
inferior species, interspecific competition restricted its substance
remobilization and seed filling, and caused a relatively low pollen
fertilization rate and high kernel abortion rate. This trend resulted
from lower soil water availability in maize strip of intercropping
system, and lower leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in
maize. Yield loss of inferior species provided mechanical explanation on
the concurrent +/- facilitation. The findings enriched our
understandings on asymmetric facilitation and the relationship between
plant diversity and productivity in agroecosystems.
Echocardiographic and Clinical Features in Diagnosis of rare Cardiac Myxomas
Authors: Qi Yanhua , ma miaoyan , wei yanjuan , wu jinfang , gao peirong , han donggang , li xiaopeng , Liu Baomin
Published: March 2022

Cardiac myxoma (CM) is a rare cardiac disease, accounts for
approximately 70% of the adult cardiac tumors, with the majority
located in the left atrium and less commonly in the right atrium. Rarely
myxomas may be present in right ventricular, biatrial, left ventricular,
right ventricular outflow tract or heart valves. Our study described
clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of 5 patients with
echocardiographic diagnosis of rare CMs, among them pulmonary valve (PV)
myxoma was never been reported before. Therefore, cardiac tumors
developed in unusual locations should be considered to exclude the
possibility of myxoma.
Effect of N7-methylation on base pairing patterns of guanine: A DFT study
Authors: Biswas Swarnadeep , Shukla Pradeep
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we aim to determine whether the N7-methylation can
influence the base pairing properties of guanine by promoting the
formation of guanine enol-tautomers. The keto-to-enol-tautomerization of
N7-methylguanine (N7mG) and its base pairing patterns with all the
canonical DNA bases have been investigated at the M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p)
level of density functional theory. The barrier free energy calculations
reveal that N7-methylation does not promote the keto- to
enol-tautomerization of guanine. The Watson-Crick-like enol-N7mG:T1 or
enol-N7mG:T2 base pair similar to what is observed experimentally is
found to be energetically more stable than the keto-N7mG:T base pairs.
However, the keto-N7mG:C1 which is structurally similar to the canonical
G:C base pair is the most stable base pair among all the base pairs
studied here. Thus, our calculations predict that N7mG would pair
preferably with cytosine during DNA replication but there is also a
probability that it can cause mutation through mispairing with thymine,
in agreement with experimental observations.
Discovery of a first-in-class benzopyrane-derived anticancer agent possessing a dual inhibition of thioredoxin and glutathione reductases
Authors: Zaher Dana , Ramadan Wafaa , El-Awady Raafat , Omar Hany , Hersi Fatema , Srinivasulu Vunnam , Hachim Ibrahim , Marzooq Farah Al , Vazhappilly Cijo , Merali Salim , Merali Carmen , Soars Nelson , Schilf Paul , Ibrahim Saleh , AlTel Taleb
Published: March 2022

Background and Purpose: The dual inhibition of thioredoxin reductase
(TrxR) and glutathione reductase (GSHR) has emerged as a promising
approach for the treatment of cancer and for promoting the defense
mechanism by the immune system. In a previous report, we described a
modular and novel strategy for the synthesis of a small molecule
library. Here, we aim to discover a novel benzopyrane derivative that
possesses a multitarget anticancer mechanism of action. Experimental
Approach: The anticancer effect of SIMR1281 was evaluated in vitro to
determine its effect on GSHR, TrxR, mitochondrial metabolism, DNA
damage, cell cycle progression, and induction of apoptois. In addition,
SIMR1281 was evaluated in vivo for its safety and in xenograft mice
model. Key Results: SIMR1281 strongly inhibits GSHR while moderately
inhibits TrxR. It inhibits cell proliferation of various cancers and
mediates the induction of DNA damage machinery. SIMR1281, perturbs cell
cycle, inactivates Ras/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Furthermore, SIMR1281
induces apoptosis and strongly attenuates cell survival machinery.
SIMR1281 significantly reduces tumor volume in a xenograft model while
maintaining a high in vivo safety profile. Conclusion and Implications:
Our findings demonestrate that SIMR1281 possesses a promising
multitarget anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo against multiple
types of cancers while maintaining a high in vivo safety profile. This
unique activity of SIMR1281 represents an innovative strategy for the
treatment of various types of cancers and places this compound in a
privileged position as a potential clinical drug candidate.
Spatial predictions of bird species distribution as regional essential biodiversity variables (SD EBVs): a bird perspective in Swiss Alps
Authors: Tehrani Nasrin Amini , Naimi Babek , Jaboyedoff Michel
Published: March 2022

This study aims at examining the applicability of a novel approach based
on species distribution models (SDMs) to establish spatial predictions
of EBVs for birds based on bird diversity metrics such as the
distributions of properties of key bird habitats. A major objective of
this study is to build bird SDMs which can be used to derive spatial
EBVs for bird species at a regional scale. We used as predictors 16
environmental variables that are known to be ecologically meaningful for
birds at 100 m spatial resolution, including two bioclimatic variables
(Bio17 = precipitation of driest quarter and Bio7 = temperature annual
range) for three periods of ‘current’, ‘future 2050’, and ‘future 2070’,
eleven land-cover (land use) predictors, the normalized difference
vegetation index (NDVI), and two topographic variables (slope and
topography). We used multiple modeling techniques to build presence-only
SDMs relating bird presence to environmental features of each species.
Here, we show that the suitability estimated according to the SDMs can
be used as a spatial ‘species distribution’ EBV (SD EBV) and reflect the
habitat quality and trends in land use and climatic impacts on
populations of bird species. These developments could facilitate
monitoring of bird species across space and time, ultimately helping to
identify priority conservation areas, estimate habitat suitability and
provide early warning signs regarding bird distribution trends. In
general, bioclimatic variables, topography and forest structure were
identified to have important ties to the species probability maps
generated on the basis of the SDMs, signifying a dominant role of
bioclimatic variable Bio17 in the development of habitat suitability
patterns. Keywords: Essential biodiversity variables, species
distribution modelling, species distribution essential biodiversity
variables (SDEBV), bird species, Swiss Alps
Co---expression analysis to identify core regulatory genes of colon cancer stem cells
Authors: Wang Yaoqun , Zhou WeiGuo , Sun Mengyu , Song Chenyu , Qiu Jieping , Zhang Feng , Huang Fuchun , Liu Yan , Chen Bo
Published: March 2022

Abstract Objective:Cancer stem cells play an important role in the the
drug resistance of malignant tumor and the prognosis, however,the
genes that regulate Colon Adenocarcinoma(COAD) stem cells are still
unknown. We aim to identify COAD stem cell regulatory genes by
co-expression network analysis.  Methods:The mRNA expression-based
stemness index(mRNAsi)which derives from TCGA database was analyzed
based on R language. The Weighted Gene Co-expression Network
Analysis(WGCNA) was used to construct co-expression network, establish
the correlation between gene modules and modules trait–mRNAsi , and
determine hub genes. We use Enrichment analysis of genes function and
Protein Interaction(PPI network)to identifying the hub modules and
genes. GEO and OnComine databases were used to validate the hub genes. 
Results: MRNAsi was highly expressed in tumor tissues and the result was
statistically significant (p = 7.458E-18), and was positively correlated
with the survival rate (p =0.016). 6501 genes were
screened(FDR<0.05 and|LogFC|≥1)for
co-expression analysis and 17 modules were obtained, among which the
yellow module had the most significant positive correlation with
mRNAsi(p=1e-55,correlation coefficient =0.71).We finally selected
9 genes (BUB1, BUB1B, CHEK1, KIF23, MCM10, NCAPG, NCAPH, PLK4, TTK) from
the yellow module as the hub genes. The above genes had a significantly
high expression in all 13 tumors in the OnComine database. 
Conclusion: The 9 hub genes play a crucial role in the development of
COAD and therapeutic resistance.Finding ways to suppress these genes may
be a new target for colon cancer therapy by affecting COAD stem cells.
Predictors of late response to cardiac resynchronization therapy: When should we judge a non-responder after implantation?
Authors: Oki Takumi , Ishii Shunsuke , Maemura Kenji , Yazaki Mayu , Fujita Teppei , Ikeda Yuki , Nabeta Takeru , Maekawa Emi , Naruke Takashi , Koitabashi Toshimi , Inomata Takayuki , Ako Junya
Published: March 2022

Background: Left ventricular reverse remodeling by cardiac
resynchronization therapy (CRT) can significantly improve the prognosis
for heart failure (HF) patients. The time course of CRT response remains
poorly characterized. Method and Results: This retrospective study
included 99 HF patients who received a CRT device at a single center
from 2006 to 2017. CRT response was defined as ≥10% improvement in left
ventricular ejection fraction on follow-up. They were divided into three
groups: early responders (ERs): 49 patients with CRT response by the
six-month follow-up; late responders (LRs): 17 patients with CRT
response between six-month and three-years; and non-responders (NRs): 33
patients with no CRT response. The ERs and LRs had significantly lower
rates of HF hospitalization and all-cause deaths than the NRs.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that narrower QRS
duration before implantation (p = 0.046) and the presence of moderate to
severe mitral regurgitation (MR) at the six-month follow-up (p = 0.035)
as independent predictors of NRs. Conclusions: Regardless of the timing,
HF patients who have CRT response have a better long-term prognosis than
NRs. The Severity of MR can predict whether a patient with no response
at the six-month follow-up will be NRs.
Refinements of Huygens-Wilker-Lazarovic inequalities via the hyperbolic cosine polynomials
Authors: Bercu Gabriel
Published: March 2022

The aim of this paper is to provide new refinements of Huygens-Wilker-Lazarovic inequalities using hyperbolic cosine polynomials. We give an unitary approach for both inequalities of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions.
Analysis of the stress-strain state of a radially inhomogeneous transversely isotropic sphere with a fixed side surface
Authors: Akhmedov N. K. , Yusubova S. M.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The paper considers an axisymmetric problem of elasticity theory for a radially inhomogeneous transversally isotopic nonclosed sphere containing none of the 0 and 𝜋 poles. It is believed that the elastic moduli are linear functions of the radius of the sphere. It is assumed that the side surface of the sphere is fixed, and arbitrary stresses are given on the conic sections, leaving the sphere in equilibrium. The work objective is an asymptotic analysis of the problem of elasticity theory for a radially inhomogeneous transversally isotropic sphere of small thickness, and a study of a three-dimensional stress-strain state based on this analysis.

Materials and Methods. The three-dimensional stress-strain state is investigated on the basis of the equations of elasticity theory by the method of homogeneous solutions and asymptotic analysis.

Research Results. After the homogeneous boundary conditions set on the side surfaces of the sphere are met, a characteristic equation is obtained, and its roots are classified with respect to a small parameter characterizing the thickness of the sphere. The corresponding asymptotic solutions depending on the roots of the characteristic equation are constructed. It is shown that the solutions corresponding to a countable set of roots have the character of a boundary layer localized in conic slices. The branching of the roots generates new solutions that are characteristic only for a transversally isotropic radially inhomogeneous sphere. A weakly damping boundary layer solution appears, which can penetrate deep away from the conical sections and change the picture of the stress-strain state.

Discussion and Conclusions. Based on the solutions constructed, it is possible to determine the applicability areas of existing applied theories and propose a new more refined applied theory for a radially inhomogeneous transversally isotropic spherical shell.
On the ambiguity of mechanical power
Authors: Pavlov V. D.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Mechanical vibrations are widespread in the production processes. The drives of machines and mechanisms are mainly electromechanical, so mechanical reactive power is transformed into electrical reactive power of the network, impairing the quality of electricity. This explains the significance of considering the mechanical reactive power, and, as a consequence, the urgency of the presented study. The research objective is to detail the types of mechanical power under harmonic vibrations.

Materials and Methods. The literature on the issues of dynamics, kinematics, vibrations, transformation of motion in oscillatory systems, etc., has been studied. Theoretical, mainly mathematical methods of research are used.

Results. The powers developed under elastic deformations, forced harmonic vibrations of an inert body, and vibrations associated with gravitational influence, as well as reactive, active, full powers in the complex formulation, and mechanical powers in the vector representation are mathematically interpreted.

Discussion and Conclusions. Under the mechanical harmonic vibrations, along with the sign-positive thermal power, sign-variable reactive powers develop, characterizing the reversibility of kinetic and potential energies. The total mechanical power satisfies the Pythagorean formula. The concept of mechanical reactive, active, and total powers generalizes the corresponding concepts of power from electrical engineering, and thus manifesting electromechanical dualism.
Analytical solution to approximate equations of the launch vehicle motion under the gust action for the dynamic loading calculation
Authors: Malykhina O. I.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. The launch vehicle (LV) in flight and the dynamic components of loads from the impact of a trapezoidal wind gust are considered. It is proposed to determine the dynamic components of the force factors using analytical solutions for the structure points accelerations. The work objective is to create a technique for selecting the duration of the standard gust, under the influence of which maximum loads are provided in the sections of the LV structure.

Materials and Methods. The launch vehicle is presented as an uneven beam. The description of its vibrations is reduced to a system of independent ordinary differential equations that determine the motion of an equivalent system of oscillators. The equation of oscillator vibrations under the action of a trapezoidal pulse load is solved by the overlay method, and it is reduced to the calculation of the Duhamel integral. It is proposed to get the parameters of an equivalent system of oscillators based on the results of the calculation of dynamic characteristics for a finite element LV model in the Nastran program.

Results. Analytical relations for the LV structure point accelerations under the action of a trapezoidal wind gust are given. For the beam model, test calculations of accelerations were carried out according to the technique proposed in this paper. These data are compared to the results of finite element modeling. With the help of analytical solutions, dependences are constructed that determine the nature of the change in the magnitude of the bending moment for different sections of the launch vehicle when the duration of the wind gust varies.

Discussion and Conclusions. The presented technique provides building an equivalent dynamic model of systems with a large number of degrees of freedom on the example of a LV and obtaining analytical solutions for accelerations of points of a mechanical system under trapezoidal external action. These solutions are applicable for the study of dynamic loads. The analysis results enable to select the duration of the wind gust, at which maximum loads are reached in the sections of the LV structure. Calculations based on the analytical solutions are very economical in terms of time spent. They can be used in design calculations for preliminary assessment of loading.
Vibration analysis of a composite magnetoelectroelastic bimorph depending on the volume fractions of its components based on applied theory
Authors: Soloviev A. N. , Do Thanh Binh , Chebanenko V. A. , Lesnyak O. N. , Kirillova E. V.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Transverse vibrations of a bimorph consisting of two piezomagnetoelectric layers and located in the alternating magnetic field are investigated. Piezomagnetoelectric layers are multilayer composites with alternating piezoelectric and piezomagnetic layers. The mechanical and physical properties of such a composite are given by known effective constants.

Materials and Methods. The applied theory of multilayer plate vibrations takes into account the nonlinear distribution of electric and magnetic potential in piezoactive layers in the longitudinal and transverse directions. On the basis of this theory, the stress-strain state, the dependences of deflection, electric and magnetic potentials on the volume ratio of the composition of the hinged bimorph, are investigated. The electric potential is assumed to be zero at all electrodes, while the magnetic potential is zero at the inner boundary and unknown at the outer boundaries. Therefore, the distribution of electric and magnetic potentials in the middle of the layer are unknown functions. In the case of the magnetic potential, the distribution at the outer boundary is also unknown. In the problem, the Kirchhoff hypotheses for mechanical characteristics were accepted. The use of the variational principle and the quadratic dependence of the electric and magnetic potentials on the thickness of piezoactive layers made it possible to obtain a system of differential equations and boundary conditions.

Results. When the volume ratio of the composition of piezoactive bimorph materials changes, the electric potential in the middle of the layer changes nonlinearly. The magnetic potential in the middle of the layer and at the outer boundary increases almost linearly with an increase in the volume percentage of BaTiO3. The dependence of the deflection in the middle of the layer is determined.

Discussion and Conclusions. An applied theory for calculating transverse vibrations of a bimorph with two piezomagnetoelectric layers is constructed. The dependence of the characteristics of the stress-strain state, electric and magnetic fields on the volume fractions of piezomagnetic and piezoelectric materials, is investigated.