bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 12.03.2022 г. по 18.03.2022 г.
Authors: Дмитриева Людмила , Краснов Ярослав , Чумачкова Елена , Осина Наталья , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: March 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ геновариантов вируса SARS-CoV-2, вызывающих озабоченность (VOC) и интерес (VOI) на основе их геномов в базе GISAID за неделю с 12.03.2022 г. по 18.03.2022 г.
The Thrower’s Shoulder
Authors: Medina Giovanna , Bartolozzi Arthur R. , Spencer Jacob A. , Morgan Craig
Published: March 2022

» The thrower’s shoulder has been a subject of great interest for many decades. Different theories have been proposed to clarify the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and treatment options for this condition. In this review article, we summarize the relevant anatomy and pathophysiology and how these translate into signs, symptoms, and imaging findings. Also, a historical review of the treatment methodologies in the setting of an evolving concept is presented.

» The initial event in the cascade is thickening and contracture of the posteroinferior capsule resulting from repetitive tensile forces during the deceleration phase of throwing. This is known as “the essential lesion” and is clinically perceived as glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD), and a Bennett lesion may be found on radiographs.

» Change in the glenohumeral contact point leads to a series of adaptations that are beneficial for the mechanics of throwing, specifically in achieving the so-called “slot,” which will maximize throwing performance.

» The complexity of the throwing shoulder is the result of an interplay of the different elements described in the cascade, as well as other factors such as pectoralis minor tightness and scapular dyskinesis. However, it is still unclear which event is the tipping point that breaks the balance between these adaptations and triggers the shift from an asymptomatic shoulder to a painful disabled joint that can jeopardize the career of a throwing athlete. Consequences are rotator cuff impingement and tear, labral injury, and scapular dyskinesis, which are seen both clinically and radiographically.

» A thorough understanding of the pathologic cascade is paramount for professionals who care for throwing athletes. The successful treatment of this condition depends on correct identification of the point in the cascade that is disturbed. The typical injuries described in the throwing shoulder rarely occur in isolation; thus, an overlap of symptoms and clinical findings is common.

» The rationale for treatment is based on the pathophysiologic biomechanics and should involve stretching, scapular stabilization, and core and lower-body strengthening, as well as correction of throwing mechanics, integrating the entire kinetic chain. When nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful, surgical options should be tailored for the specific changes within the pathologic cascade that are causing a dysfunctional throwing shoulder.
Surface Rupture and Slip Distribution along the Zheduotang Fault in the Kangding Section of the Xianshuihe Fault Zone
Authors: Ma Jun , Zhou Bengang , Wang Mingming , Guo Peng , Liu Jinrui , Ha Guanghao , Fan Jing
Published: March 2022

The Zheduotang fault (ZDTF) is located in the Kangding section of the Xianshuihe fault zone (XSHF). While the ZDTF plays an essential role in understanding the structural deformation pattern of the Kangding section. Little information is known about the paleoearthquake offsets and slip behavior of the ZDTF. It is therefore essential to analyze the seismic hazards in this area. Using UAV-based photogrammetry, high-resolution satellite images, and field observations, we mapped the surface trace of the fault in detail and measured the horizontal and vertical offsets geomorphological landforms along the fault. The binned cumulative offset probability density (COPD) distribution was calculated to analyze single-event and multievent cumulative offsets. We found that the ZDTF has scarps along its entire ~46 km length, and the offset distributions of its northwestern (NW) and southeastern (SE) sections feature different characteristics. The SE section follows a uniform slip model based on the relationship between cumulative and coseismic offsets. We estimated the maximum potential earthquake magnitudes of the NW section and SE section to be M6.6 and M7.0, respectively, from the measured offsets and empirical formulas. Finally, we discussed the seismic hazard of the ZDTF based on our findings and paleoearthquake data. The NW section is at risk of large earthquakes recurring in the future, whereas the SE section has a low risk of a >M7.0 earthquake recurring in the next 100 years. If these two sections rupture at the same event in the future, the maximum potential magnitude of the ZDTF is M7.2.
Structural Anatomy of the Intraterrane Shear Zones in the Archean Bundelkhand Craton, North-Central India and Its Possible Linkage to Supercontinent Assembly: Insights from Field- and AMS-Based Kinematic Analysis
Authors: Maity Sayan , Banerjee Sayandeep
Published: March 2022

Delineation and characterization of the intraterrane shear zones (ITSZs) are very significant in establishing suitable models to understand the tectonic evolution of continental blocks and often provide crucial information on supercontinent assembly. The granitoid rocks of the Bundelkhand Craton (BC) host mesoscale ductile shear zones of varying width and direction and typically represent decoupling zones (high and low strain), characteristic of ITSZs. The detailed study on the structural anatomy and nucleation of the ductile shear zones in the BC suggests the presence of four distinct sets of ITSZs along ~N-S, ~NE-SW, ~NW-SE, and ~ E-W directions. The nucleation of the ITSZs in the granitoid rocks is possibly a result of reactivation of the precursor fractures due to the rheological transformation induced by a fluid phase, which percolated through the fractures. Also, the thickness of the ultramylonite zone in the ITSZs is attributed to the width and style of the brittle fracturing. Here, we also construe a relative chronology of the development of fabric elements related to the ITSZs in BC with the help of cross-cutting relationships as observed in the field and further corroborated it to the available chronological data. This suggests, ~E-W trending ITSZs along the Bundelkhand tectonic zone (BTZ) and Raksa shear zone (RSZ) as the oldest followed by the evolution of ~N-S, ~NE-SW, and ~ NW-SE trending ITSZs. The kinematic analysis of these ITSZs, with the help of angular relationship between the measured mylonitic foliation and determined magnetic foliation data (by AMS analysis), suggests that fabric development in the ITSZs is dominantly governed by general shear except the oldest ~E-W trending ITSZs, which shows pure shear dominated progressive deformation. Also, with the help of field evidences and magnetic fabric analysis, we conclude that transpression was involved over a protracted period for the evolution of the ITSZs in the BC. Finally, we argue that the BTZ served as the site for the localization of the ~E-W trending ITSZs and represents the zone of amalgamation between North BC and South BC during the formation of Kenorland.
UPAYA GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA KELAS VIII D (STUDY MATA PELAJARAN IPS TERPADU) DI SMP 1 MA'ARIF PONOROGO
Authors: Pangestu Dampit , Widda Djuhan Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang peneliti peroleh, Terlihat bahawa upaya guru mata pelajaran ips terpadu dalam meningkatkan kedisiplinan siwa SMP Ma’arif 1 ponorogo yaitu: Sebelum memelui pemebelajran guru memriksa satu-persatu siswa apakah siswa sudah rapi dalam pakeian, agar siswa rapi dan yaman ketika pemebelajaran sudah dimulai, guru jugak menekankan peraturan-peraturan saat berada di sekolah maupun di dalam kelas, guru memerintahkan para siswa mambaca do’a sebelum memeluai pembelajaran dikelas VIII D, setelah berdo’a seluruh siswa akan di absensi kehadiranya di karena adanya absensi guru bisa mengetahui sispa saja siswa yang tidak hadir, setelah absensi guru baru memulai pembelajaran seperti biasanya dan ketika jam pulang guru jugak tidak lupa memberikan tugas rumah (PR) agar di rumah siswa bisa belajar. Problematika guru dalam meningkatan kedisiplinan siswa kelas VIII D SMP Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo. Kurangnya dukungan dan peran dari orang tua maupun keluarga, Pergaulan dan pengaruh negatif dari lingkungan tempat tinggal siswa, Kurangnya motivasi, kurang pahamnya siswa terkait apa itu pendidikan karakter, dan mindset dari peserta didik. Bagaimana SolusiGuru Dalam Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan Siwa Kelas VIII D Smp Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo. Sedangkan solusi atas disiplin siswa dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas VIII D SMP Ma’arif 1 Ponorogo.
Propuesta de un visor geográfico ambiental para el sector productivo de plantas vivas y ornamentales en Bogotá D.C. y los municipios de Soacha, Sibaté, Fusagasugá, Mosquera y Funza
Authors: Ramírez-Hernández Anyi Catalina , Espitia-Gayón Angie Camila
Published: March 2022

En la agricultura, las flores ornamentales normalmente se cultivan en viveros al aire libre. El aumento de la demanda de flores ornamentales colombianas ha sido significativo desde el 2016, no obstante, existe un déficit de información sobre los procesos de manejo de residuos generados por los viveros para su producción. Esta investigación se realizó con el fin de obtener esta información e incluirla en un visor geográfico ambiental en el sector productivo de plantas vivas y ornamentales cuyo alcance comprende la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. y los municipios de Fusagasugá, Mosquera, Soacha Sibaté y Funza. La metodología estuvo compuesta por tres fases. En la fase preliminar se recopiló información de estudios realizados por Asocolflores y Colviveros. En la fase experimental se realizó una consulta bibliográfica sobre viveros existentes en la zona de estudio determinada, para después desarrollar el visor geográfico en el programa ArcGIS Online a partir de datos obtenidos de encuestas y visitas de campo. Y en la fase de evaluación y análisis se interpretaron los datos obtenidos, fundamentales para la realización del documento final en el que se muestra el visor geográfico ambiental, que permite el control y la organización de los datos de los viveros, al igual que el conocimiento de sus problemáticas ambientales y de sus procesos disposición de residuos sólidos, líquidos y vegetales, estos últimos que resultan de gran interés ambiental y económico para las empresas pequeñas, que usan técnicas para su reutilización.
A Flow Feature Clustering-Assisted Uncertainty Analysis Workflow for Optimal Well Rates in Waterflood Projects
Authors: Chen Hongquan , Sen Deepthi
Published: March 2022

The optimal schedule based on single geologic model may not necessarily result in favorable outcomes on the real field due to geologic uncertainty. This paper proposes an efficient workflow to evaluate the uncertainty of optimal well rates in waterflood problems. Specifically, a flow feature clustering method is derived using streamline and unsupervised machine-learning techniques to minimize the number of geologic realizations needed for geologic uncertainty representation, thus significantly accelerating the workflow.

Given a set of historical production and injection data, first, an ensemble of Nreal history-matched geologic realizations is generated using ensemble-smoother with multiple data assimilation (ESMDA). Subsequently, the streamline time of flight (TOF) and principal component analysis (PCA) are used to extract the flow feature of all realizations, based on which k-means clustering algorithm generates a subset of Nclust realizations representing the whole ensemble. The rate optimization is performed on each of the representative realizations using a streamline-based rate optimization algorithm that seeks to maximize the oil production during the optimization period. The distribution of optimal schedules obtained by optimizing the representative realizations is shown to be in high correspondence with that obtained by optimizing the full ensemble. Using the optimal schedule distribution, the key wells are identified, for which rate change is advised with high certainty. The workflow is tested on a synthetic 2D reservoir model as well as a 3D field-scale benchmark reservoir model [sensitivity analysis of the impact of geological uncertainties on production (SAIGUP) model].

The novelty of this work is the combination of the streamline-extracted flow features and unsupervised machine-learning methods to formulate an efficient workflow for uncertainty analysis of optimal well schedules. The proposed approach ensures quality and rigor of uncertainty analysis with a significantly reduced number of geologic realizations and thus makes the approach well-suited for large-scale field applications.
Establishment of a risk model by integrating hypoxia genes in predicting prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Wanyi , Tang Peng , Sui Zhilin , Wu Xianxian , Yang Yueyang , Zhu Ningning , Han Youming , Gong Lei , Yu Zhentao , Zhang Hongdian
Published: March 2022

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a dismal prognosis and hypoxia plays a key role in metastasis and proliferation of ESCC. Thus, we aimed to develop a hypoxia-based gene signature to assist in the diagnosis and prognosis. We performed consensus clustering analysis based on differentially expressed hypoxia related genes (HRGs) acquired from the GSE53625 dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and used weighted gene co-expression network analysis to filter out candidate modules which were then intersected with differentially expressed genes from clustered subgroups to obtain HRGs. The HRGs were used for stepAIC algorithm to construct risk score models and validated in TCGA database. Independent prognostic factors after univariate and multivariate COX analyses were used to construct the prognostic nomogram. Immunohistochemical were used to detect protein expression levels of relevant genes. And the relationship between risk scores and tumor microenvironment was explored. A hypoxia risk model containing 6 genes (PNPLA1, CARD18, IL-18, SLC37A2, ADAMTS18 and FAM83C) was constructed by screening key HRGs. Poorer prognosis in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. And Cox regression analysis showed that risk score was independent prognostic factors. Nomogram based on risk scores could well predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. P53, Wnt, and hypoxia signaling pathways may be some regulatory mechanisms of hypoxia associated with tumor microenvironment. In addition, we confirmed the high expression of BGN and low expression of IL-18 in ESCC tissues. Our study determined the prognostic value of a 6-hypoxia gene signature and a prognostic model, providing potential prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets for ESCC.
Genome engineering of the Corynebacterium glutamicum chromosome by the Dual-In/Out strategy
Authors: Lobanova Juliya S. , Gorshkova Natalya V. , Krylov Alexander A. , Stoynova Nataliya V. , Mashko Sergey V.
Published: March 2022

The combination of recipient chromosome modification due to recombineering by a linear dsDNA fragment with two types of site-specific recombination (SSR) systems, which were previously developed for Escherichia coli and called Dual-In/Out, followed by transfer of the provided genome modifications by homologous recombination between the target strain genome and isolated donor chromosomal DNA penetrating the cell due to electroporation results in a novel gene engineered editing strategy for Corynebacterium glutamicum. This strategy was based on (i) E. coli Rac prophage RecE564/RecT-dependent recombineering; (ii) corynephage φ16 (Int/Xis)- and E. coli phage P1 Cre-mediated site-specific recombination systems; and (iii) the development of a C. glutamicum electrotransformation protocol with donor chromosomal DNA. Thus, two antibiotic resistance-marked chromosomal modifications were selectively combined in a targeted C. glutamicum strain that already contained another modification. For each tested C. glutamicum strain, the efficiency of the different desired modifications for electrotransformation could fluctuate significantly (up to two orders of magnitude), likely due to the recombinogenic accessibility of the corresponding locus of the bacterial chromosome. It was found that the expression of RecE564/RecT coding genes in the recipient strain facilitated the inheritance of the penetrated DNA. It was supposed that the developed strategy in general and its separate elements could be helpful for enhancing the genetic toolbox needed for genome editing of targeted C. glutamicum strains.
An increase in psychosomatic symptoms among youth: Is it connected to adult mental health?
Authors: Giannotta Fabrizia , Nilsson Kent W. , Åslund Cecilia , Larm Peter
Published: March 2022

Background. Despite an increase in mental health problems, with psychosomatic symptoms having been observed in new generations of youth, the extent to which these problems correspond to an increase in adult mental problems is unknown. The present study investigates whether adolescents with high levels of psychosomatic symptoms are at risk of developing depression and anxiety problems in adulthood and whether sex moderates any association. Moreover, we aim to understand whether different clusters of youth psychosomatic symptoms – somatic, psychological and musculoskeletal – have different impacts on adult mental health. Methods. 1545 Swedish adolescents – aged 13 (49%) and 15 (51%) – completed surveys at baseline (T1) and 3 years later (T2); of them, 1174 (61% females) also participated after 6 years (T3). Multivariate logistic models were run. Results. Youth with high levels of psychosomatic symptoms had higher odds of high levels of depressive symptoms at T2 and T3. Moreover, psychosomatic symptoms at T1 predicted a high level of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses of anxiety disorders at T3. When analyzed separately, musculoskeletal symptoms predicted higher odds of having high levels of depressive symptoms at T2 and T3 and anxiety symptoms at T3, while psychological symptoms predicted high levels of anxiety symptoms at T2. Moreover, somatic symptoms at T1 predicted diagnoses of depression and anxiety disorders at T3. Sex did not moderate any of the relationships. Conclusions. The study supports the idea that the decline of mental health in youth can seriously impact the psychological health of new generations of young adults.
Nutritional Status of Children Living with Nodding Disease Syndrome and Copying Strategies of Their Families in Uganda
Authors: Peter Enyagu , Bazira Joel , Kirungi Gloria
Published: March 2022

In northern Uganda, it is estimated that over 3,541 children in the districts of Kitgum, Pader and Lamwo were affected by nodding disease syndrome (NDS) by December 2013. The nodding Disease syndrome continues to manifest itself in Children in Akwang, Kitgum and other parts of Northern Uganda causing progressive cognitive dysfunction, neurological deterioration and stunted growth. This study sought to determine the nutritional status of children with NDS in Akwang Sub County, Kitgum District, identify the factors influencing this nutritional status and delineate the coping strategies at the household level. Methods: We used mixed methods, Children between 5–18 years with Nodding Disease Syndrome were chosen after their parents consented, and Akwang HCIII in Akwang sub county, Kitgum district was considered. This was majorly done for all children registered with the health Centre III and suffering from NDS, 123 children aged (5–18 years) were sampled and their parents/guardians were then traced using the snowballing method to their respective households from where consent was sought. They then participated by way of answering the questionnaire and taking of the anthropometric measurements of the children. We then used SPSS for analyzing quantitative data and Dedoose for qualitative data. Results: A total of 123 participants took part in the Study. Participants reported that prevalence of malnutrition in the NDS children is very high and this could be attributed to seizures while feeding, religious beliefs and age at weaning. Various coping mechanism include rearing animals, planting different kinds of crops for feeding and rearing cows and goats which are used as food to eat. This would play an important role in fighting malnutrition in NDS children in Northern Uganda. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to address the through factors that are associated with malnutrition among NDS children, and to strengthen the identified coping mechanisms. Empowering the care takers and prioritizing improvement on economic status could help in fighting malnutrition in NDS children.
Succession of forensically important Coleopterans from Southern Rajasthan: A preliminary study and their forensic relevance.
Authors: prasad arti , Meena Sanjay
Published: March 2022

Identification and knowledge of biology of insects is an initial and crucial step of using entomological evidence in forensic investigations. This preliminary study makes a strong platform for the importance of beetles (Order- Coloeptera) in forensic investigations. Methods: - The work reported here monitored the presence of the beetles by using bait traps with the goat meat (Capra sps. Bovidae) and laboratory mice, and also collected from decomposed animal bodies from various locations of different studied area. Result: - The main Coleopteran beetles collected from carcasses were Dermestes maculates (Dermestidae- carpet beetle), Necrobia rufipes (Cleridae- checkered beetle), and Saprinus planiusculus (Histeridae-clown beetle). Conclusion: - The Coleopteran insects studied here can be considered as strong clues for forensic investigations and also to detect the nature of crime with the help of biology and succession study of forensic insects.
The Exquisitely Preserved Dinosaur Skin of Psittacosaurus and the Scaly Skin of Ceratopsian Dinosaurs
Authors: Bell Phil , Hendrickx Christophe , Pittman Michael , Kaye Thomas , Mayr Gerald
Published: March 2022

The Frankfurt specimen of the early-branching ceratopsian dinosaur Psittacosaurus is remarkable for the exquisite preservation of squamous (scaly) skin and other soft tissues that cover almost its entire body. Newly detected details revealed under Laser-Stimulated Fluorescence (LSF) reveals the complexity of the squamous skin of Psittacosaurus, including several unique features and details of newly detected and previously-described integumentary structures. Variations in the scaly skin are found to be strongly regionalised in Psittacosaurus. For example, feature scales consist of truncated cone-shaped scales on the shoulder, but form a longitudinal row of quadrangular scales on the tail. Re-examined through LSF, the cloaca of Psittacosaurus has a longitudinal opening, or vent; a condition that it shares only with crocodylians. This implies that the cloaca had crocodylian-like internal anatomy, including a single, ventrally-positioned copulatory organ. Combined with these new integumentary data, a comprehensive review of integument in ceratopsian dinosaurs reveals that scalation was generally conservative in ceratopsians and typically consisted of large subcircular-to-polygonal feature scales surrounded by a network of smaller non-overlapping polygonal basement scales. This study highlights the importance of combining exceptional specimens with modern imaging techniques, which are helping to redefine the perceived complexity of squamation in ceratopsians and other dinosaurs.
The Medial Temporal Lobe Structure and Function Support Positive Affect
Authors: Jin Weipeng , Feng Jie , Zhu Wenwei , Zhang Bin , Chen Shuning , Wei Shiyu , Wang Pinchun , Deng Kun , Wang Yajie , Zhang Manman , Yang Shaofeng , Im Hohjin , WANG QIANG
Published: March 2022

Positive affect (PA) is not only associated with individuals’ psychological and physical health, but also their cognitive processes. However, whether medial temporal lobe (MTL) and its subfields’ volume/functional connectivity can explain individual variability in PA remains understudied. We investigated the morphological (i.e., gray matter volume; GMV) and functional characteristics (i.e., resting-state functional connectivity; rsFC) of PA combined with univariate and multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) using a large sample of participants (n = 321). We simultaneously collected the T1-weighted (n = 321), high-resolution MTL T2-weighted, and resting-state functional imaging data (n = 209). The MTL and its subfields’ volumes, including the CA1, CA2 + 3, DG, and subiculum (SUB), perirhinal cortex (PRC), and parahippcampus (PHC), were extracted by automatic segmentation of hippocampal subfields (ASHS) software. The morphological results revealed that GMVs in the prefrontal-occipital and limbic (i.e., hippocampus, amygdala, and PHC) systems were associated with variability in PA at the whole-brain level using MVPA but not univariate analysis. Linear regression results further revealed a positive association between the MTL subfields’ GMV, especially for the right PRC, and PA after controlling for several covariates. PRC-seed-based rsFC analyses further revealed that its couplings with the fronto-parietal-occipital system predicted PA in both univariate and MVPA. These findings provide novel insights into the neuroanatomical and functional substrates underlying human PA trait. Findings also suggest critical contributions of the MTL and its subfield of the perirhinal cortex, but not hippocampal subfields, as well as its functional coupling with the fronto-parietal control-system on the formation of PA.
Self-cleaning and air de-pollution performance of TiO2/SiO2 and N-TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts coated on Portland cement mortar substates
Authors: Khannyra Souad , Gil Maria Luisa Almoraima , Addou Mohammed , Mosquera Maria.J.
Published: March 2022

In this study, the newly synthesized TiO2 and N doped TiO2 clusters were added to silica sol to synthesize N-TiO2/SiO2 composites via the sol-gel method. Afterwards, the prepared sols were applied by brushing on portland cement. Doping with nitrogen significantly increased the absorption of TiO2 towards the visible region, thus, increasing the photocatalytic activity. SEM characterization of the treated samples showed that the clusters were distributed in form of aggregates on the ssamples' surface. The self-cleaning and air de-polluting performances were assessed through methylene blue degradation and the oxidation of nitrogen oxide, resulting in methylene blue (MB) removal of 85% and 78% after 60 min of irradiation for SN10TiO2 and STiO2, respectively. Regarding air de-pollution performance, the newly synthesized photocatalysts showed the ability of NOx reduction. However, their efficiency was somewhat lower, in which 23.81% of NO has been oxidized by the sample SN10TiO2, while SP25 showed a total NO conversion of 38.98%. The powdered xerogels of the newly synthesized nanoparticles revealed high photocatalytic efficiency concerning NO oxidation, resulting in higher performance compared to those obtained by the xerogel containing P25.
A machine learning route between band mapping and band structure
Authors: Xian Rui Patrick , Stimper Vincent , Zacharias Marios , Dong Shuo , Dendzik Maciej , Beaulieu Samuel , Schoelkopf Bernhard , Wolf Martin , Rettig Laurenz , Carbogno Christian , Bauer Stefan , Ernstorfer Ralph
Published: March 2022

Electronic band structure (BS) and crystal structure are the two complementary identifiers of solid state materials. While convenient instruments and reconstruction algorithms have made large, empirical, crystal structure databases possible, extracting quasiparticle dispersion (closely related to BS) from photoemission band mapping data is currently limited by the available computational methods. To cope with the growing size and scale of photoemission data, we develop a pipeline including probabilistic machine learning and the associated data processing, optimization and evaluation methods for band structure reconstruction, leveraging theoretical calculations. The pipeline reconstructs all 14 valence bands of a semiconductor and shows excellent performance on benchmarks and other materials datasets. The reconstruction uncovers previously inaccessible momentum-space structural information on both global and local scales, while realizing a path towards integration with materials science databases. Our approach illustrates the potential of combining machine learning and domain knowledge for scalable feature extraction in multidimensional data.
Impact of prostatic shape on the difficulty of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Kamisawa Ken , Matsumoto Kazuhiro , Takeda Toshikazu , Takamatsu Kimiharu , Niwa Naoya , Yasumizu Yota , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Morita Shinya , Kosaka Takeo , Mizuno Ryuichi , Asanuma Hiroshi , Oya Mototsugu
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo investigate the impact of prostatic shape observed on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the difficulty of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the operative records of 211 patients who underwent RALP. We excluded patients who received neoadjuvant therapy. All surgeries in this study were performed by two surgeons. Each patient clinicopathological and surgical data were reviewed. Prostate sphericity was evaluated by measuring the roundness of the prostate at the largest axial slice by MRI. The console time was adopted as an objective indicator for assessing surgical difficulty.Results The mean prostate volume was 34 cc (range 14 to 88) and the mean prostate roundness was 0.55 (range 0.24 to 0.90). The mean console time was 194 minutes (range 95 to 296). To assess the relationship between prostate volume and console time, scatter plot analysis was performed. The prostate volume had a weak positive correlation with the console time (r =0.165, p=0.016). Similarly, scatter plot analysis between the prostate roundness and console time demonstrated a weak positive correlation (r =0.167, p=0.015) . Next, we performed subgroup analysis of 56 patients with a large prostate volume (≥ 40 cc), and the positive correlation between the prostate volume and the console time disappeared (r =0.142, p=0.296). On the other hand, the prostate roundness was more strongly correlated with the console time (r =0.439, p=0.001).ConclusionsOur results indicated that the spherical shape of the prostate is associated with the surgical difficulty of RALP, especially in patients with a large prostate volume.
Application of high-throughput, high-depth, targeted single-nucleus DNA sequencing in
pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Haochen , Karnoub Elias-Ramzey , Umeda Shigeaki , Chaligné Ronan , Masilionis Ignas , McIntyre Caitlin , Hayashi Akimasa , Sashittal Palash , Zucker Amanda , Mullen Katelyn , Makohon-Moore Alvin , Iacobuzio-Donahue Christine
Published: March 2022

Despite insights gained by bulk DNA sequencing of cancer it remains challenging to resolve the admixture of normal and tumor cells, and/or of distinct tumor subclones; high throughput single-cell DNA sequencing circumvents these and brings cancer genomic studies to higher resolution. However, its application has been limited to liquid tumors or a small batch of solid tumors, mainly because of the lack of a scalable workflow to process solid tumor samples. Here we optimized a highly automated nuclei extraction workflow that achieved fast and reliable targeted single-nucleus DNA library preparation of 38 samples from 16 pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, with an average library yield per sample of 2867 single nuclei. We demonstrate that this workflow not only performs well using low cellularity or low tumor purity samples but reveals novel genomic evolution patterns of PDAC as well.
The Effect of Ambient PM2.5 Exposure on Survival of Lung Cancer Patients After Lobectomy
Authors: Liu Changpeng , Yang Dongjian , Liu Yuxi , Piao Heng , Zhang Tao , Li Xi , Zhao Erjiang , Zhang Di , Zheng Yan , Tang Xiance
Published: March 2022

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is linked to lung cancer incidence and mortality. However, the impact of PM2.5 exposure on lung cancer patients after lobectomy, which remains the primary treatment for early-stage lung cancer, is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between PM2.5 exposure and survival of lung cancer patients after lobectomy. This study included 3,327 patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy. We converted residential addresses into coordinates and estimated individual patients' daily PM2.5 and O3 exposure levels. The Cox multivariate regression model was used to analyze the specific monthly association between PM2.5 exposure and lung cancer survival. Every 10 μg/m3 increase in monthly PM2.5 concentration in the first and second months after lobectomy increased the risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.043, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.019–1.067 and HR: 1.036, 95% CI: 1.013–1.060, respectively). Non-smokers, younger patients, and patients with longer hospitalization durations had worse survival when exposed to greater concentrations of PM2.5. High postoperative PM2.5 exposure immediately after lobectomy reduced the survival of patients with lung cancer. Patients should be transferred after lobectomy to areas with better air quality to prolong their survival time.
Effects of Complex Spa Therapy in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Spine Receiving Treatments in Health Resorts in South-Eastern Poland
Authors: Zwolińska Jolanta , Gąsior Monika
Published: March 2022

Management of patients with degenerative diseases commonly comprises health-resort based treatment programs, including spa therapies, balneotherapy as well as terrain therapy making use of microclimate factors. The study was designed to assess short- and long-term effects of spa therapy administered to patients with osteoarthritis of the spine who received treatment in health resorts located in Poland. The study involved 102 patients receiving treatment in health resorts, a group of patients receiving ambulatory treatment (100 patients) and a group receiving no therapy (100 patients). The assessment survey included: Pain VAS and Laitinen, LISAT-9 and HAQ-20 questionnaires. The assessments were carried out three times: at the start of the therapy program, as well as one month and six months after the end of the program. Short-term effects showed statistically significant improvement in all the outcome measures in spa group and outpatient treatment group. The long-term effects showed statistically significant improvement in all the outcome measures in spa group only. In conclusion spa therapy reduces pain, improves functional efficiency and increases the level of life satisfaction in patients with osteoarthritis of the spine. Its effects are sustained for at least six months. Spa therapy is more effective long-term, than outpatient treatment. The study was registered at Clinical Trials: NCT03974308.The study was approved by the Ethics Commission of the University of Rzeszów (Resolution No. Nr 7/04/2019 dated 11/04/2019). Fully anonymous survey was conducted.
Loss of SUMO-specific protease 2 causes isolated glucocorticoid deficiency by blocking adrenal cortex zonal transdifferentiation
Authors: Dufour Damien , Dumontet Typhanie , Sahut-Barnola Isabelle , Onzon Méline , Pussard Eric , Wilmouth James , Olabe Julie , Lucas Cécily , Levasseur Adrien , Damon-Soubeyrand Christelle , Pointud Jean-Christophe , Roucher-Boulez Florence , Tauveron Igor , Bossis Guillaume , Yeh Edward , Breault David , VAL Pierre , Lefrançois-Martinez Anne-Marie , Martinez Antoine
Published: March 2022

SUMOylation is a dynamic posttranslational modification, that provides fine-tuning of protein function involved in the cellular response to stress, differentiation, and tissue development. In the adrenal cortex, an emblematic endocrine organ that mediates adaptation to physiological demands, the SUMOylation gradient is inversely correlated with the gradient of cellular differentiation raising important questions about its role in functional zonation and the response to stress. Considering that SUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2), a deSUMOylating enzyme, is upregulated by ACTH/PKA signalling within the zona Fasciculata (zF), we generated mice with adrenal-specific Senp2 loss to address these questions. Disruption of SENP2 activity in steroidogenic cells leads to specific hypoplasia of the zF, a blunted reponses to ACTH and isolated glucocorticoid deficiency. Mechanistically, overSUMOylation resulting from SENP2 loss shifts the balance between ACTH/PKA and WNT/β-catenin signalling leading to repression of PKA activity and ectopic activation of β-catenin. At the cellular level, this blocks transdifferentiation of β-catenin-positive zona Glomerulosa cells into zF cells and sensitises them to premature apoptosis. Our findings indicate that the SUMO pathway is critical for adrenal homeostasis and stress responsiveness.
Diagnostic Value of Multimodal Transvaginal Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Combined with Negative Intrauterine Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Female Infertility
Authors: Fen Fu , Ye Qin , Liang Rongxi , Lian Guangtian , Guo Jingjing , Xue Ensheng
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Given the important role of the fallopian tube and uterine cavity in human reproduction, a simple, accurate, and quick method for determining fallopian tube patency and diagnosing uterine cavity lesions is needed. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of multimodal transvaginal contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with negative intrauterine contrast-enhanced ultrasound for infertility in women.METHODS: A total of 310 patients with infertility were treated in the outpatient clinic of the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, from November 2017 to October 2020. Multimodal contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with negative contrast-enhanced uterine cavity examination was used to analyze transvaginal four-dimensional contrast-enhanced hysterosalpinx ultrasound (TVS 4D-HyCoSy, 4D), three-dimensional hysterosalpinx contrast ultrasound (TVS 3D HyCoCoCoSyGray 3D), two-dimensional hysterosalpinx contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (TVS, 2D), and transvaginal harmonic imaging (TVS, HI), and other modal techniques were used to compare tubal patency diagnostic efficiency between a high- and a low seniority group. Further, the diagnostic efficiency of negative hysterography was analyzed in uterine lesions.RESULTS: Among the 310 infertile patients, four gave up examination due to pain. In the other 306 patients, salpingography was successful in 612 cases, revealing 538 patency cases and 74 obstruction cases. In both high- and low seniority groups, tubal patency diagnosis efficiency was significantly different (P<0.01), with the combination of different modes. Similarly, the differences between the following groups were also statistically significant (P<0.05): 4D+3D+2D+HI and 4D+3D+2D, 4D+3D+2D and 4D+3D, and 4D+3D and 4D. However, there was no significant difference in the diagnostic efficiency of fallopian tube patency examination under various multi-modes between the high- and low seniority groups (P>0.05). A total of 306 patients underwent successful negative intrauterine contrast examination. Its accuracy was 91.94% (57/62).CONCLUSIONS: Multimodal transvaginal contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with negative intrauterine contrast-enhanced ultrasound has high accuracy and consistency in fallopian tube patency and uterine lesions evaluation; thus, it is worth promoting.
Response of Four Peatland Emergent Macrophytes to Salinity and Short Salinity Pulses
Authors: Batistel Cheryl , Porsche Christian , Jurasinski Gerald , Schubert Hendrik
Published: March 2022

Sea-level rise intensifies saltwater influx into coastal wetlands causing osmotic stress and probably changing vegetation composition. To determine especially the impact of salinity pulses that occur during flooding events, Typha latifolia, Carex acutiformis, Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani and Phragmites australis were exposed to different salinity regimes, consisting of control (permanently freshwater and permanently brackish water) and alternating freshwater and brackish water with different exposure durations (2 days brackish – 2 days fresh; 4 days brackish – 4 days fresh; 2 days brackish – 4 days fresh). Plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll fluorescence, root:shoot ratio and photosynthetic pigments were measured. Salinity suppressed the growth of T. latifolia and C. acutiformis resulting in shorter plants, smaller mean leaf area and higher root:shoot ratios whereas photosynthetic pigment ratios and chlorophyll fluorescence were not affected. Shorter but frequent salinity pulses (alternate 2 days brackish – 2 days freshwater, and 2 days brackish – 4 days freshwater) decreased the height of T. latifolia while C. acutiformis was not affected. Salinity and salinity pulses did not affect the height and root:shoot ratio of P. australis and S. tabernaemontani. P. australis showed signs of successful acclimation through decreased chlorophyll a:carotenoid ratio and high fluorescence yield at ≤ 20 mol m− 2 irradiance. Our results imply that with increasing seawater influx into coastal peatlands, T. latifolia and C. acutiformis may experience growth retardation or may even be replaced by S. tabernaemontani or P. australis since they are more resilient against salinity and frequent salinity pulses.
Success and Failure After Surgery for Degenerative Disease of The Lumbar Spine. an Operational Definition Based on Satisfaction, Pain, and Disability
Authors: Brasil Albert Vincent Berthier , Floriani Maiara Anschau , Sfreddo Ericson , Nascimento Tobias Ludwig do , Castro Andriele Abreu , Pedrotti Luana Giongo , Bessel Marina , Maccari Juçara Gasparetto , Mutlaq Mohamed Parrini , Nasi Luiz Antonio
Published: March 2022

Background: To describe success and failure (S&F) after lumbar spine surgery in terms that are preciseand that are equally understandable across the entire health ecosystem. Methods: Back and leg pain (NPRS scale) and disability (Oswestry Disability Index –ODI) of patients operated were prospectively recorded before and 6 to 12 months after the procedure. Satisfaction was recorded in the postoperative period. Initially, patients were classified as Satisfied or Unsatisfied.Optimal cutoff values for disability and pain were estimated with ROC curves. Satisfied and Unsatisfied groups were subdivided into four categories based on a combination of satisfaction, disability and pain: Success, Incomplete success, Incomplete failure and Failure. These categories were translated into operational definitions with simple verbal terms, according to previously described norms of numeric-to-verbal equivalence. Results: 486 consecutive patients were recruited from May 2019 to February 2021, with a drop-out rate of 16.4%; Preoperative PROMs mean values were ODI 42.2 (+ 16.4), NPRS back 6.6 (+ 2.6) and NPRS leg 6.2 (+ 2.9) points; 19.3% were classified as Unsatisfied and cutoff values for disability (ODI=28; AUC 0.79) and pain (NPRS=6; AUC 0.79) were defined. Satisfied and Unsatisfied groups were further subdivided based on concordance or non-concordance with the discrimination cutoff values: Success (59.6%) - satisfied with pain and disability levels concordant (NPRS ≤5, AND ODI ≤27); Incomplete success (20.4%) - satisfied with pain and disability levels non-concordant (NPRS ≥6 AND/OR ODI ≥28); Incomplete failure (7.1%) – unsatisfied with pain and disability levels non-concordant (NPRS ≤5 AND/OR ODI ≤27); and Failure (12.4%) - unsatisfied with pain and disability levels concordant (NPRS ≥6 AND ODI ≥28). After that, groups were translated to: Success - patients are satisfied and present no or only mild to tolerable pain, and no or borderline disability; Incomplete Success – patients are satisfied despite levels of pain and/or disability worse than the ideal for success; Incomplete Failure – patients are not satisfied despite levels of pain and/or disability better than expected for failure; Failure – patients are unsatisfied and present moderate to severe pain and disability.Conclusion: It is possible to report S&F after surgery for degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine with precise and meaningful operational definitions focused on the experience of the patient.
Breast Cancer Subtypes and Prognosis: Answers to Subgroup Classification Questions, Identifying the Worst Subgroup in Our Single-Center Series
Authors: Cosar Rusen , Sut Necdet , Ozen Alaattin , Tastekin Ebru , Uzunoglu Sernaz , Cicin Irfan , Nurlu Dilek , Ozler Talar , Demir Seda , Yildiz Gokay , Uzal Mustafa Cem
Published: March 2022

Background: Breast cancer (BC) remains the most common cancer in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Because of advances in treatment, long life is now possible even in patients with metastatic BC, whereas certain groups of patients survive for a very short time despite being diagnosed at an early stage. In many studies, the triple negative BC subgroup is stated to have the worst prognosis, as such patients are deprived of antihormonal therapy and trastuzumab therapy. While HER2 overexpression was interpreted as a poor prognostic factor before trastuzumab treatment, it was reported to be the worst prognostic subgroup of TNBC in posttrastuzumab publications. In the current study, we aimed to find the worst prognostic subgroup as far as we could by capturing the biodiversity in our series of BC patients, and for this purpose, we compared the treatment results in patients grouped according to their receptor status. Methods: We reviewed the records of patients with BC who were admitted to our department between July 1999 and December 2019. We grouped the patients into four main groups (Luminal A, Luminal B, triple negative, and HER2 enriched) and we recorded patient and treatment characteristics and oncological results. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method, and the significance of survival differences among the selected variables was compared by using the log-rank test. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios. Then, multivariate Cox regression analysis with the backward elimination method was used to estimate hazard ratios and to identify independent prognostic factors.Results: A total of 2474 patients with BC and after exclusions, statistical analysis was performed on 2017 patients with BC. The HER2 positivity rate was 23.7% and the TNBC patient rate was 11.7% (n = 236). The distribution of the four main groups was 47.1% for Luminal A, 34.1% for Luminal B, 7.1% for HER2 enriched, and 11.7% for the TN subgroup. Age (<35 years); no axillary surgery; Ki67≥15; high tumor grade; high mitotic index; the presence of skin infiltration; advanced T/N stage; the presence of metastasis; nontreatment with chemotherapy; less than 5 years of using TMX or AI; and being in the HER2-enriched subgroup were determined to be negative factors for overall survival as a result of multivariate analysis.Conclusions: The HER2-enriched subgroup had the worst prognosis despite receiving targeted therapy. However, treatment with trastuzumab increased survival 1.5-fold over that of the HER2-enriched subgroup that did not receive it.