bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ORTAÖĞRETİM ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN İŞBİRLİKLİ ÖĞRENME UYGULAMALARI SÜRECİNDE KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SORUNLAR( İZMİR/BORNOVA ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: TEYFUR Mehmet , TEYFUR Emine
Published: September 2021

İşbirlikli öğrenme yönteminin, olumlu yönlerine vurgu yapılan birçok araştırma yapılmıştır. İşbirlikli öğrenme ortamının başarısı iyi organize edilmiş öğrenme ortamına bağlıdır. Bu öğrenme ortamının en önemli öğesi ise öğretmenlerdir. Öğretmenlerin işbirlikli öğretim uygulamalarında başarılı olmaları aldıkları eğitim, okul ortamı, yöneticinin geleceği algılama biçimi ve öğrenci velilerinin olumlu katkılarına bağlıdır. Öğretmenlerin işbirlikli öğrenme sürecini yürütürken ne tür sorunlar yaşadıklarının tespit edilmesi çok önemlidir. Lise öğretmenlerinin işbirlikli öğrenmen sürecinde karşılaştıkları sorunlar belirlemek amacıyla nitel araştırma yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden olgu bilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, İzmir ili Bornova ilçesinde görev yapan 32 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde, amaçlı örnekleme yönteminden maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin toplanması amacıyla literatürde yer alan ilgili çalışmaların incelenmesi sonucunda araştırmacı tarafından açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan yarı yapılanmış bir görüşme formu uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların %53’u (20) kadın, %47’(18) erkektir. Öğretmenlerde lisansüstü eğitim yapma oranı giderek yükselmektedir.
Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların çoğunlukla işbirlikli öğrenmeyi derslerinde uygularken çeşitli sorunlar yaşadıklarını, öğretmenler okul müdürlerinin işbirlikçi öğrenme konusunda yeterince bilgi sahibi olmadıklarını, yöneticilerin işbirlikçi iklimin oluşmasına ilişkin isteksiz davrandıklarını, öğretmenlerin işbirlikçi öğrenme ortamlarını oluşturmada güçlükler yaşadıklarını, velilerin işbirlikçi öğrenme etkinlikleri konusunda kendilerini eleştirdiklerini, öğrencilerin işbirlikli öğrenme etkinliklerini oyun olarak algıladıklarını, öğrencilerin sınıfta yapılan etkinlikler ile merkezi sınavlar arasında bağ kuramadıkların, velilerden kaynaklanan çeşitli sorunlar yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir.
ERMENİ-KIPÇAK KÜLTÜR ETKİLEŞİMİ VE BUNUNLA BİRLİKTE OLUŞAN ERMENİ HARFLİ KIPÇAK TÜRKÇESİ
Authors: ÖZKAN İsmail Emre
Published: September 2021

Tarihte Türkler ve Ermeniler birçok defa birlikte yaşamışlardır, bazen dostça bazen de hasım olarak aynı coğrafyalar da bulunmuşlardır. Bunun bir örneğini de Deşt-i Kıpçak bölgesine yerleşen Kıpçakların Ermeniler ile ticari – kültürel ilişkilerinden sonra sonucunda Gregoryen mezhebini kabul etmişler ve bunun sonucunda Ermeni Harfleriyle Kıpçak Türkçesi metinlerin ortaya çıkmıştır ve Ermeni Harfli Kıpçakça metinlerin ortaya çıkma sebepleri, bu konu hakkında doğru ve yanlış bilinenleri ortaya çıkarmak, Kıpçakları Ermeni alfabesi kullanmaya yönlendiren sebepleri, aralarındaki kültürel bağı ve alışverişi ortaya koymak, bildiğimiz üzere tarihte birçok dil ve sosyo-kültürel konularda etkileşim görülmüştür, Ancak makalemde değinmem gerektiğini düşündüğüm en önemli konulardan biri de Ermeni Harfli Kıpçak Türkçesi metinlerin yanlış adlandırılması örneğin; Ermeni Kıpçakçası veya Kıpçak Ermenicesi gibi sebebi bilinmese de isteyerek veya istemeyerek ülkemizde de yapılan bazı araştırmalarda da yanlış terimler ve adlandırılmalar kullanılmaktadır, yanlış anlamlar içeren adlandırmaları açıklığa kavuşturmak akademik olarak oldukça mühimdir. İleride bu çalışmaları yapacak araştırmacılara bu terim ve yanlış anlamlandırma tehlikesinden arındırmak ve yeni yapılacak çalışmalarda yanlış terimler ve adlandırmalardan kaçınmak hem araştırmacılar hem de Türk dili ve kültürü için önem arz etmektedir. Türk dünyasının önemli ve değerli farklı edebi eserlerinden olan bu yazmaların incelenmesi gerektiğine hem fikir olduğumuz değerli hocalarımızın makaleleri ve yayımlarından yararlanarak çalışmamın farklı görüşler ve bakış açılarıyla zenginleştireceğim.
EĞİTİM ÇALIŞANI KADINLARIN YÖNETİCİ OLMALARININ ÖNÜNDEKİ CAM TAVAN SENDROMUNA YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: ÖZERTÜRK Meral , GÜL İbrahim
Published: September 2021

Kadınlar, yönetici olma ve üst yönetim kademelerinde görev alma konusunda erkeklere kıyasla bir takım sıkıntılar yaşamaktadırlar. Bu etkenler bir bakıma kariyer engelleri oluşturmakta veya var olan kariyer engellerini görece yükseltmektedir.. Kariyer engeli; bir bireyin çalışma yaşamında beklediği yükselmenin önünü kesen ve kendisinden kaynaklanmayan etkenleri ifade etmek için kullanılan bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, eğitim çalışanı kadınların yönetici olmalarının önündeki Cam Tavan Sendromuna yönelik görüşlerini incelemektir. Araştırma nitel bir çalışmadır. Amaçlı örnekleme tekniği ile yapılan araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Sinop ilinde görev yapan kadın şube müdürleri, okul müdür ve müdür yardımcıları oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmacıların görüşme tekniği kullanarak topladığı veriler, betimsel ve içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, beş tema elde edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, kadın yöneticiler, Cam Tavan Sendromunu, kariyerlerinin gelişimini etkileyen olumsuz bir durum olarak görmüşlerdir. Bunun en önemli nedenini, erkek egemen toplum olarak değerlendirmişlerdir. Erkekler kadar dikkate alınmadıklarını dile getirirken, yeri geldiğinde okul paydaşlarınca, duygularından yararlanıldığını belirtmişlerdir. Kadın yöneticiler, üst yöneticilerin ayrımcılık yaptığını, kadınların başarılı olduğunu kabul etmelerine rağmen kendilerinin görsellik gerektiren işlerde kullanıldığını ancak önemli kararlara katılmalarına olanak verilmediğini ifade etmişlerdir. Kadın yöneticiler; kendilerinin pek dikkate alınmadıklarını, okula gelen velilerin daha çok muhatap olarak bir erkek yönetici beklentisine sahip olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Mülakat ile yapılan yönetici seçme değerlendirmelerinde ise daha çok erkeklerin tercih edildiğini ve mülakatlarda başarı gösterseler dahi kadın yöneticilerin pasif konuma getirilmeye çalışıldığını bildirmişlerdir. Eğitim yöneticilerinin seçimi ve görevlendirilmesi konusunda liyakate dayalı seçim sistemin uygulanması önerilmiştir.
TEXTOLOGICAL-CODICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF BESARION ORBELISHVILI „GRDELMI“
Authors: MEGENEİSHVİLİ Nino
Published: September 2021

Polemic direction is one of the oldest and the most important branches of Georgian literature. As Christianity (other confessions as well) was fought by the opponents and to neutralize them was the aim of polemic literature. The Georgian polemic literature should theoretically overcome the offensives of foreign confessions and different branches of Christianity, specifically of Catholicism, as the number of Catholic missioners to Georgia grows in the 17th-18th century. Their diplomatic approach, which carried secret and hided propaganda of Catholicism, became dangerous for Orthodox Christianity.
The purpose of polemical writing is to explain the essence of the problem on the basis of solid argumentation and to prove the presented position. The argument had to be convincing and accountable, so in such writings the phrases were measured according to strict academic quality and were based on a rich intellectual resource. Opponents of polemical writings were perceived to be not only the literary-polemicist, theologian or clergyman, but the entire state institution.

At David Gareji literary center the idea of creation of specific polemic work – resisting Catholicism was developed; well-known writer Besarion Orbelishvili was charged with an important mission – to create such work. He succeeded in this and compiled the extensive work „Grdemli“. In this work he examined important disputable issues connected with the East-West Churches. Each debatable question is abolished with the citations from Holy Scripture and the writings of Church Fathers. „Grdemli“ has received wide popularity in Old Georgia.There are 12 manuscripts of “Grdemli” stored at The National Center of Manuscripts and Kutaisi and Gori at the Ethnographic museums.
KARAYAKA (TOKAT/ERBAA) AĞZINDAN ATASÖZLERİ VE DEYİMLER
Authors: ÖZER Şerife , GÖRMÜŞ Betül
Published: September 2021

Atasözleri ve deyimler, dil müessesenin en etkileyici ürünleri ve dilin pratik işlevinin çarpıcı bir göstergesidir. Dünyanın en eski dillerinden biri olan Türkçe, Anadolu'nun her şehrinde olduğu gibi Tokat'ta da zengin bir metafor oluşturmuştur. Ancak genç kuşağın bu söz varlığından uzaklaştığı, bu sözlerin çoğunlukla yaşı büyük olan insanlar tarafından kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Tokat'ın Erbaa ilçesine bağlı Karayaka kasabasında kullanılan ama Ömer Asım Aksoy'un Atasözleri ve Deyimler Sözlüğü'nde, Türk Dil Kurumunun Atasözleri ve Deyimler Sözlüğü'nde, yine Türk Dil Kurumunun Derleme Sözlüğü'nde ve birçok kişinin katkısı, Ömer Asım Aksoy'un da gözetimi altında çıkarılan Bölge Ağızlarında Atasözleri ve Deyimler Sözlüğü'nde yer almayan atasözleri ve deyimleri belirleyip kayıt altına alarak kültür mirasımıza katkı sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla yapılan derleme çalışmasında; tespit edilen atasözü ve deyimler alfabetik sırayla, anlamları açıklanarak, deyimlerin kullanıldığı durumlara örnek cümleler verilerek sıralanmıştır. Tokat ağzı ile söylenişi de çeviri yazı işaretleri kullanılarak gösterilmiştir. Yay ayraç içinde ise standart Türkçeleri ile kullanımı verilmiştir. Kuman Türkleri tarafından iskâna açılan, topraklarında Danişmend-name adında bir destanın yazıldığı, köklü bir tarihe sahip olan Tokat'ta; mülakat, sınıflandırma, derleme, tarama ve sondajlama usulü kullanılarak yapılan bu bilimsel çalışmanın Türk halk kültürü alanında ve Türk dili üzerine çalışma yapacak araştırmacılar için faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
THE ROLE OF DISCUSSION IN ACTIVE TEACHING AND DIALOGUE CULTURE BUILDING
Authors: MİRAZANASHVİLİ Nodar , MİCHİTASHVİLİ Manana
Published: September 2021

The objective of the paper is an active application of the discussion method in the process of teaching the social sciences, with the focus on the subject of history that develops creative thinking, the intellectual and analytical capacity of students. The paper brings in focus the importance of using class discussion in active teaching since this method activates and maximally engages students in learning process. In the process of discussion, students develop their logical, critical and creative thinking, cognition as well as personal responsibility. The discussion stimulates an ability to substantiate the position or idea through healthy argument and judgment. It also supports the formation of democratic values among the students. It also encourages tolerance and understanding of opposite ideas. The discussion increases self-esteem and allows self-assertion. Application of discussion improves the ability of the students to conduct dialogue, express their ideas freely, provide argumentation in support of their position, cooperate, communicate, regulate conflict situations in interaction with peers and achieve consensus without confrontation. Alongside the range of discussion forms, the objectives of the discussion method are also considered in the paper. The paper describes a comprehensive process of selection of the discussion topics, the question types used during the discussion as well as the procedures of leading the discussion. The role of a teacher to create a trustful, respectful, and healthy environment for the class discussion is well explained. In addition, the active and thematic planning of the discussion method in teaching different topics of History is comprehensively covered in the paper.
KIZILORDUDAN AZERBAYCAN LEJYONUNA FATALİBEYLİ DÜDENGSKİ VE ALMANYA’DAKİ BASIN FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: YOSKA Erhan , MAĞARA Aydın
Published: September 2021

Bu makalede Azerbaycan Türklerinden Abdurrahman Fatalibeyli Düdenginski’nin Kızılordu’dan Azerbaycan Lejyonlarına uzanan askeri hayatı ile Almanya’daki basın faaliyetleri üzerinde durulmuştur. II. Dünya Savaşı’nda Sovyetler Birliği askeri olarak Almanlara karşı savaşırken esir düşen Düdeginski, Alman esir kamplarında lejyonlara dönüşen Azerbaycan askerlerinin komutasına görevlendirilerek Ruslara karşı başarılar elde etmiştir. Bu başarıların devamında Fatalibeyli, başta Azerbaycan Lejyonu olmak üzere, Türk Lejyonlarının siyasi, askeri, ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel haklarını iyileştirebilmek ve Sovyetler Birliği’nin takip ettiği Bolşevik politikaları kamuoyu ile paylaşabilmek adına Almanya’da basın faaliyetlerine başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda, savaşın bütün şiddetiyle devam ettiği dönemde Düdenginski, muhaceretteki Türk dünyası aydınları ve Naziler tarafından desteklenerek Azerbaycan gazetesini yayınlamaya başlamıştır. Azerbaycan Gazetesi’nde Almanya’nın savaştaki başarılarını göstererek lejyonların moralini yükselten ve Azerbaycan’daki durum hakkında bilgi veren haber ve yazılar kaleme almıştır. II. Dünya savaşının sonrasında ise Amerikan Komitesi tarafından finanse edilen Azerbaycan” dergisi Düdenginski editörlüğünde yayın hayatına başlamıştır. Antibolşevik bir anlayışla yayınlanan dergi, 1953 yılının sonuna kadar Almanya’da basılmaya devam etmiştir. Fatalibeyli’nin Almanya’daki basın faaliyetlerinin sonuncusunu Azatlık Radyosu ya da Özgürlük Radyosu’ndaki editörlük ve yazı işleri müdürlüğü teşkil etmektedir. Tarama modeli kullanılan çalışmamızda, Azerbaycan ve Türkiye’deki kaynaklardan yararlanılmak suretiyle Düdenginski’nin hayatı anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.
BİLGİ TOPLUMU, E-YÖNETİŞİM VE POLİTİKA SÜRECİ
Authors: MALTAŞ Elif , ORHAN Sibel , GÜMÜŞ Muhammet , KIZILKAYA Emine
Published: September 2021

Günümüzde, bilgi teknolojisinin (BT) hızlı gelişimi ekonomik, sosyal ve politik yaşamın birçok alanını etkilemektedir. Sosyal politika sektöründe, etkiler hali hazırda dikkate değerdir. Mevcut haliyle bilgi teknolojisi (BT) uygulamaları dikkat çekmekte ve daha fazla ilerleme kaydedilmektedir. Devletlere dönüldüğünde, bilgi çağı etkileri genellikle BT'nin birçok farklı uygulamasını kapsayan bir şemsiye terim olan e-devlet kavramında ele alınmaktadır. En gelişmiş e-devletlerde, politika ve politika süreci etkileri hâli hazırda kayıt altına alınmaktadır. Başka yerlerde, bilgi çağı dinamikleri politik sistemlerde kendi yolunda ilerlerken, zaman ilerledikçe durum daha farklı hissedilecektir. Bilgi devriminin ön saflarında yer alan toplumlarda bile politika ağlarının yaygınlığı, istikrarın ya da en azından tahmin edilebilir değişimin norm olduğunu ortaya çıkaracaktır. Tüm toplumlarda, politika ağları elbette teknokrasiye meydan okuma, mesleklerin gerilemesi ve yurttaş aktivizminin ortaya çıkışı gibi uzun vadeli trend değişikliklerden etkilenmektedir. Vatandaşların politikaya gerçek bir girdi oluşturduğu ve uygulamada gerçek bir ortaklık rolü oynadığı kesindir. Etkileşimli sosyal politika oluşturma biçimleri oluşturma ve sosyal politikada e-yönetişime geçmek için, şu anda ortaya çıkan bilgi toplumlarına hâkim olan yapısal eşitsizliklerle mücadele etmek gerekmektedir.Bu araştırma, bilgi toplumunun mevcut sonuçlarını analiz etmektedir. Genel olarak politika süreci için, e-yönetişim ve sosyal politika konularını ilerleyen teknolojiyle birlikte ele almaktadır. Çalışmada, önemli politika sorunlarına geçmeden önce bilgi toplumunun ve e-yönetişimin doğası incelenmektedir. Bu bağlamda, literatürde önemli bir boşluğu doldurması amaçlanmaktadır.
KIRSAL KESİMDE DİNDARLIK VE SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMI (GİRESUN İLİ FINDIKLI KÖYÜ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: CERRAH Lokman
Published: September 2021

Dinin, insan hayatına yansıması olarak değerlendirilen dindarlık kavram ve olgusu her zaman için değişiklik göstermektedir. Her toplumsal grubun eğitim ve ekonomik durumları ile yaşam alanlarına göre farklılaşan dindarlık tipleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kırsalda yaşayan insanların normatif ve popüler dindarlık tercihleri çeşitli değişkenler üzerinden ele alınıp değerlendirilmektedir. Bir saha çalışmasına dayanan araştırmamız ayrıca söz konusu dindarlık tercihlerini sosyal medya kullanım tercihleri açısından da değerIendirmektedir. Çünkü sosyal medya kullanımı, günümüz insanı açısından nerdeyse bir gereklilik halini almış durumdadır. Çalışmamızda nicel yöntem kullanılmış bu bağlamda daha önce geliştirilmiş ve bazı akademik çalışmalarda değerlendirilmiş olan Normatif dindarlık ölçeği, Popüler dindarlık ölçeği ve Sosyal medya kullanım ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Her üç ölçek için güvenirlik testi yapılmış ve yine her üç ölçekte bu testlerden yüksek C.Alpha katsayıları almışlardır. Çalışma için hazırlanan anket formu yüz yüze olarak katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Kırsal da dindarlık tercihlerini ve sosyal medya kullanımını değerlendirdiğimiz bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre, kırsalda normatif dindarlık düzeyi bütün değişkenler açısından popüler dindarlık düzeyine göre daha yüksektir. Kadınlar, yaşça büyük olanlar, ayrılmış/eşi vefat etmiş kişiler, okuma yazma bilmeyenler, orta sınıf ekonomik duruma sahip olanlar, dini bilgilerinin kaynağı olarak bölgede tanınan din büyüklerini gösterenler ve sosyal medya gruplarını takip edenlerin dindarlık ölçek puanları diğerlerine göre yüksektir. Erkekler, yaşça daha küçük olanlar, bekarlar, lise mezunları, ekonomik olarak alt sınıflar ve sosyal medya gruplarına katılım gösterenlerin ölçek puanları diğerlerine göre daha yüksektir. Ayrıca veriler dindarlık ölçekleri ile sosyal medya kullanımı arasında negatif bir ilişkiyi ortaya koymaktadır
THE ROOT CAUSES OF ECONOMIC INEQUALITY OF SAMTSKHE-JAVAKHETI REGION AND THE REDUCTION WAYS
Authors: JVARİDZE Giorgi
Published: September 2021

The introduction discusses the importance of the study problem, study subject and object, the goal and objectives, the described research methodology and findings of the research. The innovations of the research are highlights. The research was conducted in Samtskhe-Javakheti region. At the beginning, the reasons of unequal distribution of income from the perspective of different scientists, the coefficients of the equal and unequal distributions are reported. For presenting global economic inequity we referred the study of Monetary Fund, according to it the global inequity index is 0.55-0.70. In 2018 Gini coefficient in Georgia reached to 0,37, while it is close to the critical range (0,41-0,46). Gini Coefficient are as follows according to the municipalities of Samtskhe-Javakheti -Akhaltsikhe - 0,41, Adigeni - 0,52, Aspindza - 0,52, Borjomi - 0,47, Akhalkalaki - 0,50, Ninotsminda - 0,56. According to the findings an average inequality index of the region is 0,49, or 0,09 higher than it is estimated by the Geostat for the region (0,40). We conducted a public attitude survey on starting up business and immigration. 60-80% of surveyed reported that they have no business as they cannot start it. 90-100% plans to immigrate. In order to develop an inclusive business, it is necessary to support skilled young people from the vulnerable families, include them in the business study and organizing business incubators. The study reports an explain establishment costs per one business incubator which should be covered by the local budget. Another problem referred is substitution of a proportional tax by introduction of progressive tax. All the promoted countries in the world apply the progressive tax system, what means that tax payer with higher income pays more compared to those who have less income. There is untaxed income as well. We developed the scale for progressive tax for Georgia and Samtskhe-Javakheti region in particular and defined the size for the non-taxable income as well (500GEL).
Well Log Digitization - Recommended Practice v2
Authors: Walston Patrick
Published: September 2021

An outline of recommended practices for Well Log Digitization.
Digital Scanning Recommended Practice v1
Authors: Walston Patrick , Massey Madalyn
Published: September 2021

A protocol regarding digitization of documents stored in paper format. Topics covered: minimum standards, best practices, digital scanning hardware, software, file storage, things to consider, and resources available.
Psicoterapia breve: Qual é coisa, qual é ela?
Authors: Prats Luís
Published: September 2021

Apresentação de número temático
Panorâmica sobre a velhice
Authors: Garcia Carlos
Published: September 2021

Apresentação de número temático
SİSTEM DÜŞÜNCESİNE DAYALI MUHASEBE EĞİTİMİNİN ÖĞRENCİLERİN AKADEMİK BAŞARILARINA ETKİSİ
Authors: Tursun Mehmet , Aksu İbrahim
Published: September 2021

Sistem dinamiği, karmaşık sistemlerin davranışları ile ilgilenen, matematik, fizik ve mühendislik alanında geliştirilen doğrusal olmayan dinamikler ve bunların geri besleme döngülerinin kontrolünde kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Sistem düşüncesi yaklaşımının eğitim alanında kullanılmasıyla öğrencilerin soyut kavramları somutlaştırabildikleri, konulara bütünsel bir bakış açısı ile yaklaştıkları, problem çözme yeteneklerinin geliştiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı; sistem düşüncesi yaklaşımına dayalı muhasebe eğitiminin, öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına etkisini araştırmak ve muhasebe eğitimine yeni bir öğretim yaklaşımı kazandırmaktır. Araştırmada öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Sistem düşüncesi yaklaşımına göre tasarlanmış öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı grup deney, geleneksel anlatım temelli öğretim yönteminin uygulandığı grup kontrol grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin SPSS 22 paket programları ile analizi yapılmış ve raporlanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; sistem düşüncesi yaklaşımına dayalı muhasebe eğitiminin öğrencilerin akademik başarıları üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sistem düşüncesi yaklaşımı ile öğrencilerin ders konularını, konular arasındaki bağlantıları ve sebep sonuç ilişkilerini daha iyi anladıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Attenuation patterns in the Pacific Northwest based on intensity data and the location of the 1872 North Cascades earthquake
Authors: Malone Stephen D. , Bor Sheng-Sheang
Published: September 2021

abstract

Intensity data from 14 historic earthquakes in or near Washington State, as reported at over 300 localities, are used to study the attenuation structure in Washington. The empirical relation of Evernden (1975) is used to determine the size and depth for each earthquake and the local attenuation factor, k, for two physiographic parts of the state. The value for k in the Puget Sound region and north into Canada is 134, while k=112 is more appropriate for eastern Washington and northern Oregon. Individual local amplification factors are computed for all localities at which four or more earthquakes have been felt by averaging the difference between the computed intensity and reported intensity at each site. Using these correction factors, the intensities for the North Cascade earthquake of 1872 are used to place constraints on its size and location. It appears this earthquake may be slightly larger (magnitude 7.4) and located south and west of the original epicenter determined by Milne.
Earthquake damage in Imperial Valley, California May 18, 1940, as reported by T. A. Clark
Authors: Sylvester Arthur G.
Published: September 2021

abstract

Bureau of Reclamation civil engineer T. A. Clark surveyed and photographed damage to water distribution systems on both sides of the International Boundary immediately following the Imperial Valley, California, earthquake of May 18, 1940. His report, written only weeks after the earthquake, focuses on damage to enginneered structures such as aqueducts, canals, flumes, roads and bridges caused by horizontal surface rupturing, shaking, lurching, and, to a lesser degree, liquefaction. Clark's report and photographic illustrations are a valuable supplement to the relatively sparse amount of structural engineering data previously available for such an important seismic event in California's earthquake history.
Toward a Historically Accountable Critical Whiteness Curriculum for Social Work
Authors: Gregory Joshua R.
Published: September 2021

Whiteness—distinct from individuals who identify as white—is a social construction; and social constructions, by definition, can be disassembled. Whiteness is also wholly constituted by and inseparable from white supremacy, and thus exists purely as racial injustice. These are historical facts. Consequently, racial justice demands that whiteness be dismantled and abolished. Social work, as a profession committed to racial justice, is directly implicated in this imperative. Yet, due to misunderstanding and unawareness, the above facts register with most social workers as exaggerated claims, baseless untruths, or ideological propaganda. Social work requires a historically accountable critical whiteness curriculum in order to correct this pervasive misunderstanding and to facilitate informed participation in the pursuit of racial justice in a way that accurately apprehends the nature of whiteness. This curriculum, introduced here, explores the history and invention of whiteness in global, U.S., and social work contexts; examines the integral role of education in deploying and maintaining whiteness; and considers reconstruction and abolition as alternative modes of responding to whiteness as a social problem. The curriculum ultimately shows abolition to be the only historically and theoretically consistent response to whiteness, leading to a call for abolition as praxis and for further curricular development.
Experiences With Imposter Syndrome and Authenticity at Research-Intensive Schools of Social Work
Authors: Fields LaShawnda N. , Cunningham-Williams Renee M.
Published: September 2021

TThere is little known about the experiences of Black women in schools of social work, specifically those situated within research-intensive (R-1) Carnegie-designated institutions. Experiences of imposter syndrome and authenticity often result in negative experiences and poor professional outcomes for Black women in academia. This study explores Black women social work faculty members’ sense of self through the prisms of imposter syndrome and authenticity. Social work is of particular interest in that it espouses a code of ethics and core values of service that if applied to the cultures within these schools, Black women may have more equitable experiences. This article presents qualitative findings from nine in-depth interviews with Black women faculty members at R-1 universities. Findings revealed that Black women faculty member’s experiences of imposter syndrome impacted many facets of their professional experiences from moments of paralysis to potentially unhealthy over-productivity. Findings also highlight Black women faculty members’ concerns around their colleagues’ professional and personal perceptions of them and this often prevented these women from presenting their authentic selves in academic settings. Despite these barriers, some women chose to remain authentic regardless of possible backlash in refusing to assimilate into the dominant White culture. Black women scholars cannot survive and thrive in social work education unless institutions build trust with these women by respecting their diverse backgrounds, race-related research interests, and range of methodology.
Assessing Antiracism as a Learning Outcome in Social Work Education
Authors: Copeland Phillipe , Ross Abigail
Published: September 2021

The current political climate and reversals of gains made during the Civil Rights Movement underscore the urgent need for preparing emerging social workers to effectively address white supremacy in social work practice. Antiracism education in social work aims to ensure competent antiracist social work practice towards the goal of eradicating white supremacy in all its forms. Given the widening racial disparities evident in income, health and educational outcomes, it is essential to examine the degree to which social work education adequately prepares emerging social work practitioners to engage in antiracist social work practice. This paper presents findings of a systematic review of social work research assessing antiracism as a learning outcome. After reviewing more than 150 studies published between 2008 and 2018, none of them focused on assessing antiracism as a learning outcome. Our review demonstrates that despite the importance of antiracist social work practice, published research on assessment of antiracism as a learning outcome is sparse and is not antiracism-focused as much as it is antiracism-inclusive. More attention to identifying and disseminating best practices for assessing student competence in antiracism practice is required to defeat white supremacy.
Uprooting (Our) Whiteness
Authors: Frey William , Mann Noelia , Boling Alex , Jordan Parker , Lowe Karma , Witte Susan
Published: September 2021

Social work education reinforces hegemonic Whiteness through pedagogies and practices that rely on an entitlement to and harvesting of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color’s lived experiences for the purpose of its tacit audience: White students. Despite this exploitative and harmful reliance on objectified lived experiences, White students continue to lack critical understanding of their racial positionality and connections to racism. Uprooting Whiteness requires sitting with what it means for White people to be “a White problem.” Drawing on the work of Yancy, we (group co-facilitators; our dean of diversity, equity, and inclusion; and three MSW student participants) describe the creation, organization, facilitation, and experiences of the first year of the Space for Uprooting Whiteness—a biweekly space where White social work students examine and uproot their relationship to White supremacy and domination. We argue for White social workers to take collective responsibility for racism in and beyond our institutions—requiring interrogation of our everyday practices and their (inter)dependence with and on systems of domination. This paper ends with three experiential narratives from student participants in the space and implications of critical intragroup dialogic pedagogy among White students in social work education and beyond.
An Experiential Model for Cultivating Cultural Humility and Embodying Antiracist Action in and Outside the Social Work Classroom
Authors: Fisher Kerri
Published: September 2021

Social Workers in academia may enjoy seemingly endless discussions and debates on ever-evolving “diversity concepts” including privilege, oppression, microaggressions, and white supremacy culture, but students and would-be allies are often stymied, if not altogether lost by the enormity of overcoming injustice. The 7E model for Cultural Humility and Antioppressive Practice provides specific and creative opportunities for personal and systemic change offering fledgling antiracists both structure and freedom on their unique paths to activism and allyship in keeping with their own individual, intersectional identities and bio-psycho-social development. The seven experiences discussed in the model (exposure, engaging, examining, evaluating enacting, educating, and evolving) are defined and explained. Teaching tools are provided.
Role of methylergometrine versus oxytocin in the active management of third stage of labour: a randomised control trial
Authors: Srinivasan Sabitha Umapathy , P. Swarnamukhi
Published: September 2021

Background: Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal death globally. The routine practice of active management of third stage of labour has been shown to reduce haemorrhage by up to 60%. The present study evaluated the role of methylergometrine versus oxytocin in active management of third stage of labour in reducing the risk of PPH.Methods: This study was conducted on a total of 400 women admitted in the labour ward of PESIMSR hospital, by using simple randomized design. The first study group included women who received intramuscular oxytocin (n=200) and, the second group included women who received intravenous Methylergometrine (n=200) within, one minute of delivery of the baby.Results: The mean blood loss among study first and the second study group were 172.8 ml and 148.9 ml respectively (p<0.05) and, the mean duration of third stage of labour were 5.9 and 5.1 minutes respectively (p<0.05). The mean pre-and post-delivery haemoglobin values among the first and second group were 11.76 mg/dl, 10.46 mg/dl and, 11.76 mg/dl, 10.6 mg/dl respectively (p<0.05). There was an increase in the blood pressure in the ergometrine group and, slight decrease of blood pressure in oxytocin group.Conclusions: The use of methyl ergometrine as part of active management of third stage of labour was associated with a significant reduction in mean blood loss value, duration of third stage of labour, and the additional need of oxytocic though, methylergometrine has significant side effects like nausea, vomiting and rise in blood pressure.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of obstetricians towards external cephalic version
Authors: Moon Aisha , Shabbir Saima
Published: September 2021

Background: Breech presentation is found in 3-5% of pregnant women at term. The cause for this fetal presentation may vary from fetal to maternal. Management option for breech presentation includes assisted vaginal breech birth, caesarean section and external cephalic version. External cephalic version is a maneuver performed to avoid breech presentation at term labor and helping the obstetricians to avoid complications of cesarean section. The success rate of ECV is 50%. Considering a high success rate and low risks it can be concluded that ECV can help reduce cesarean section rate of any region. The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare practitioners towards external cephalic version.Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study conducted by the postgraduate trainee of Kulsumbai Valika social security SITE hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. By purposive sampling selection, there were 50 consultant obstetricians that have been well informed and were willing to complete KAP study questionnaires were enrolled to participate.Results: A total of 50 participants were included, 70% had clinical experience of more than 10 years. 80% considered ECV a safe procedure.75% believe that effective knowledge and practice of ECV can bring down cesarean section rate. If encountered by client with breech presentation 69% will manage with elective LSCS (lower segment caesarean section), 26% with ECV and only 5% will manage with assisted breech vaginal birth.Conclusions: For uncomplicated singleton breech at term, both ACOG and RCOG recommend external cephalic version. In Pakistan the current trend involves performing cesarean section for breech presentation. Effective knowledge, Proper training, and adequate practice can improve ECV uptake in our country.
Efficacy and safety of intravenous and/or oral levonadifloxacin in the management of secondary bacterial pulmonary infections in COVID-19 patients: findings of a retrospective, real-world, multi-center study
Authors: Saseedharan Sanjith , Aneja Pankaj , Chowti Aditya , Debnath Khokan , Mehta Kapil Dev , Sonone Pramit
Published: September 2021

Background: Owing to dysregulated immune response, secondary bacterial pulmonary infections involving both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens are common in COVID-19 patients and are often associated with higher mortality. This is a first ever report on the safety and efficacy of levonadifloxacin in the treatment of secondary bacterial pulmonary infections in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: This multi-center, retrospective, post-marketing and real-world study assessed the safety and efficacy of IV and/or oral levonadifloxacin in the treatment of bacterial infections encountered in COVID-19 patients. Data for 154 male/female patients above 18 years of age who received levonadifloxacin (injectable and/or oral) was collected from 44 participating sites. Study outcomes were the clinical and microbial success at the end of therapy. Safety was assessed based on clinical and laboratory adverse events.Results: Among the 154 patients assessed, 121 (78.6%) were males and 142 (92.2%) were hospitalized. Majority of the patients (119) received all-IV therapy while 11 patients were prescribed with IV followed by oral regimen. All-oral therapy was received by 24 patients. The most common co-morbid conditions were diabetes (19.6%) and hypertension (19.2%). Post-treatment with levonadifloxacin, clinical and microbial success rates were 96.8% and 97.0% respectively.Conclusions: Levonadifloxacin showed promising safety and efficacy when used as IV and/or oral therapy for the treatment of secondary bacterial pulmonary infections in COVID-19 patients. Clinically relevant features of levonadifloxacin such as availability of both IV and oral options, broad spectrum coverage and reassuring safety in patients with significant co-morbidities could help simplify the management.Trial registration no. CTRI/2020/09/028152 [Registered on: 30/09/2020].
Validity of no-zone approach for management of isolated penetrating neck injuries in hemodynamically stable patients
Authors: Hassanein Kamal A. M. , Ismail Osama A. , Amer Islam A. , Aldardeer Ahmed Abdel Kahaar , Ftohy Tarek Elsayed , Hassanein Ahmed Gaber
Published: September 2021

Background: Routine neck exploration for isolated penetrating neck injuries (PNIs) in hemodynamically stable patients increases the frequency of unnecessary interventions and complications. Current management protocol involves the no zone approach which uses physical examination and computerized tomographic angiography (CTA) to guide treatment. The aim was to assess the validity of the no-zone approach in the management of isolated PNIs in hemodynamically stable patients.Methods: This retrospective study included patients with isolated PNIs with soft signs who were hemodynamically stable. They were classified into patients with negative CTA findings and were managed conservatively and patients with positive CTA findings suspecting aerodigestive tract injuries (ADTIs) who were submitted to further selective investigations to confirm or rule out these injuries. Detected injuries were managed accordingly.Results: This study included 106 PNIs patients who had soft signs and were hemodynamic stable. 37 cases (34.9%) had negative CTA findings and were managed conservatively. Sixty nine patients (65.1%) had positive CTA findings and were subjected to subsequent selective investigations and revealed 3 patients with negative endoscopic findings who passed without need for any surgical intervention. Therefore, 40 (37.7%) patients were saved from surgery with no missed injuries. Patients with definitive injuries (66 patients) underwent neck exploration and managed accordingly. No missed injuries were recorded in this study. Complications were detected in 6 cases (5.7%) while death was recorded in 2 cases (1.9%).Conclusions: No-zone approach offers a safe management protocol for isolated PNIs in hemodynamically stable patients. It provides no missed injuries, negligible rates of negative exploration and minimal complications and mortality.
A prospective study of clinico-radiological assesment and management of obstructive jaundice in Mmimsr, Mullana
Authors: Wilku Karaninder Singh , Gandhi Himank
Published: September 2021

Background: Obstructive jaundice poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study was undertaken to highlight the clinical and radiological assessment of obstructive jaundice in our setting and to approach for early diagnosis and treatment before irreversible tissue insult sets in.Methods: Present study was prospective study conducted at Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala. Data were collected on prescribed proforma and analyzed stastically.Results: A total of 50 patients were studied. It is more common in productive adult with the mean age of 51.04±12.40 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.08. Majority of the patients were having benign pathology (62%) and choledocholithiasis was the commonest benign cause. Abdominal ultrasound was the diagnostic imaging done in all patients and revealed dilated CBD (>1 cm) in 78% cases, dilated IHBR in 96%of cases and multiple CBD stones in 78.3% of cases. CT was reserved for suspected malignant and MRCP was planned in stone or benign causes. 70% patients were selected for ERCP and 62% of patients underwent definitive open procedure viz choledocholithotomy (40%), hepaticojejunostomy (12%).Conclusions: Obstructive jaundice in our study was more prevalent in females and the cause is mostly CBD stones. The result suggests that early diagnosis and treatment plays vital role in the prognosis of patients with obstructive jaundice.
Red cell distribution width as a prognostic marker in septic neonates versus healthy term newborns
Authors: Sarma Saran , George Madhu , Tawab Abdul , Zacharias Ann Mary
Published: September 2021

Background: We evaluated the usefulness of RDW (red cell distribution width) as a diagnostic tool in newborn sepsis. Several biomarkers for sepsis have been studied including CRP (C-reactive protein), procalcitonin, interleukins, total WBC count (TC) absolute neutrophil count (ANC), ratio of immature neutrophils to total neutrophils (I/T ratio). An ideal biomarker for sepsis is still elusive. Hence we evaluated RDW as a sepsis marker as it was cheap and available. The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of RDW as a prognostic marker in newborn sepsis compared to healthy newborns.Methods: The study sample comprised of two groups (cases and control group) each with 40 neonates. Group 1 (cases group) comprised 40 newborns with suspected/probable sepsis based on clinical or laboratory parameters. In group 1 (suspected/probable sepsis) RDW was done at the time of suspicion of sepsis along with other relevant investigations. According to the clinical course these parameters were repeated 24-48 hrs after first value. Group 2 (control group) comprised 40 normal newborns in the postnatal ward. For the control group blood sampling for CBC and RDW was done simultaneously along with blood sampling for newborn screening.Results: On comparing the baseline variables there is no significant difference among cases and control group with respect to gender distribution, age in days, gestational age in weeks and birth weight. The mean RDW among the cases group was significantly higher than among the control group. In ROC analysis we obtained a cut off value of RDW of 17.25 is helpful to diagnose sepsis with reasonable sensitivity (70%) and specificity (60%).Conclusions: This study revealed that RDW may also be included in the diagnosis of sepsis in newborns as it is a simple, inexpensive, available and easily repeated test as it is routinely done with a complete blood count.
Pyloric stricture after corrosive ingestion in children: an attempt to address the optimum management of this rarity
Authors: Jadhav Amit Kumar , Chakraborty Goutam , Sugandhi Nidhi , Acharya Sameer Kant
Published: September 2021

Corrosive ingestion in pediatric population can have devastating consequences. Pyloric stricture which is a rarer complication has not been discussed in details in existing literature. Whereas the presentation is more or less similar, a “case specific” approach may be required for the best outcome. We analyzed our series of eight patients to formulate a suitable approach to its management. This was a prospective observational study in the department of Pediatric Surgery in a tertiary health care centre in central India. Eight (n=8) patients with corrosive injuries exclusive to the pyloric antrum were analyzed with respect to the corrosive ingested, symptomatology, nutritional status, investigation findings, surgery undertaken and follow up. Total number of patients in our study were eight. Male -7 and female-1, mean age of 6.8 years, ranging from 4 and 10 years, most common agent was acid, ingested accidentally. Period of development of gastric outlet obstruction was 23 days, range between 11 days and 33 days. Initially presented with odynophagia but later developed features of gastric outlet obstruction. Procedure performed were Heineke Mickulicz pyloroplasty and Billroth I gastroduodenostomy with FJ depending on the intra operative findings. No significant post operative complications were encountered on follow up, all the patients had improved general condition and gained adequate weight. No re do surgeries were performed. Corrosive injury of the UGI tract is not uncommon in children. Pyloric stricture as a complication is relatively rare. Parents may seek consultation late only after the child has lost reasonable amount of weight. UGI Endoscopy and UGI contrast study are indispensable to evaluate the severity of damage and formulate the optimum plan of surgery. Early surgical intervention gives excellent result. Both Pyloroplasty and Billroth I anastomosis are safe with low morbidity and excellent long term outcome.
Causes of primary tooth avulsion and replantation treatment
Authors: Amer Ameera Ibrahim , Alrowili Balges Mohammad , Aljohani Raghad Naif , Alanazi Mona Dabshi , Ageel Basmah Mustafa , Alhasawi Rawan Hussein , Alsbban Iradah Abas , Alanazi Haifa Saeed , Alrashdi Sultan Ali , Alkhateeb Reem Ibrahim , Aldamanhori Rand Baher
Published: September 2021

During primary dentition, the etiology changes by age group. For instance, traumas secondary to collisions and falls are attributable to early movement within the first six years, while accidents secondary to frequent playing are the main reason within the following nine years, and violence is the most common etiology until the age of 25 years old. Previous studies have estimated that traumas from falls, sporting activities, bicycling, traffic accidents, and violence were the most common causes of dental injuries in children. Iatrogenic causes also contribute to 0.04-12% of dental injuries, including avulsions. According to the current evidence, whether to use reimplantation or not is still controversial and further investigations are needed. Among the various case reports, damage to the permanent successors, root resorption, clot formation, and pulp necrosis were documented as potential complications and adverse events with intended reimplantation. However, many techniques were reported to overcome these problems. Besides, favorable outcomes following reimplantation could be hypothetically obtained as sound articulation, proper mastication, and proper dentition. Therefore, this encourages reimplantation, however, further evidence is still needed to validate the proposed advantages and disadvantages of the approach.
Rotary endodontic files versus manual files for root canal treatment
Authors: Rajkhan Wael Hisham , Alasmari Abdullah Hussain , Alhadi Abduljalil Bader , Alharbi Abrar Zainalabiddin , Khwaji Nwaf Mohammed , Alannaz Remaz Fahad , Alshehri Hassan Awadh , Almalaq Abdulaziz Ali , Alharbi Wasim Ghazi , Alhindi Anwar Fawzi , Alanazi Sarah Hatab
Published: September 2021

Many studies have been published to compare the efficacy of root canal filling with either rotary and manual instrumentation. The most commonly reported factors included instrumentation, obturation time and to obturation quality. Besides, the different studies in the literature have used different assessment tools and parameters of their outcomes. In addition, to using different rotary instrumentation techniques. In thisliterature review, we have formulated strong evidence regarding the effectiveness of rotary and manual instrumentation files for root canal filling based on the findings from the current studies in the literature. Our results indicate the effectiveness of rotary instrumentation in reducing the root canal instrumentation time and enhancing the obturation and filling quality as compared to the manual instrumentation techniques. Our findings also indicate the potential variability in the effectiveness between the different rotary instrumentation techniques. However, it was not an area of concentration among the different studies in the literature. Thus, to formulate such evidence, further relevant investigations to this topic might be required. Finally, we recommend that rotary endodontic files should be indicated for the root canal filling settings to obtain better outcomes and alleviate the associated quality of work.