bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-induction cervical assessment using transvaginal ultrasound versus Bishops cervical scoring as predictors of successful induction of labour in term pregnancies: A hospital-based comparative clinical trial
Authors: Abdullah Zainab Hananah Abang , Chew Kah Teik , Velayudham V. Ramesh V. , Yahaya Zainab , Jamil Amilia Afzan Mohd , Abu Muhammad Azrai , Ghani Nur Azurah Abdul , Ismail Nor Azlin Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Objective

To evaluate the association between transvaginal ultrasound scan of cervix and Bishop’s score in predicting successful induction of labour, cut-off points and patients’ tolerability and acceptance for both procedures.

Design

A comparative clinical trial.

Setting

A tertiary hospital in Selangor, Malaysia.

Participants

294 women planned for elective induction of labour for various indications were included. All women had transvaginal ultrasound to assess the cervical length and digital vaginal examination to assess the Bishop cervical scoring by separate investigators before induction of labour.

Primary outcome measure

To evaluate the association of the cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound scan and Bishop score in predicting successful induction of labour.

Secondary outcome measure

Variables associated with successful induction of labour and patients’ tolerability and acceptance for transvaginal ultrasound scan of cervix.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference among the vaginal and Caesarean delivery groups in terms of mean maternal age, height, weight, body mass index, ethnicity and gestational age at induction. Vaginal delivery occurred in 207 women (70.4%) and 87 women (29.6%) delivered via Caesarean section. There was a high degree of correlation between the cervical length and Bishop score (r-value 0.745; p <0.001). Sonographic assessment of cervical length demonstrated a comparable accuracy in comparison to Bishop score. Analysis using ROC curves noted an optimal cut-off value of ≤27mm for cervical length and Bishop score of ≥ 4, with a sensitivity of 69.1% vs 67%, specificity 60.9% vs 55%, and area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.672 and 0.643 respectively (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that parity (OR 2.70), cervical length (OR 0.925), Bishop score (OR 1.272) and presence of funnelling (OR 3.292) were highly significant as independent predictors of success labour induction. Women also expressed significantly less discomfort with transvaginal ultrasound compared with digital vaginal examination.

Conclusion

Sonographic assessment of cervical measurement predicts the success of induction of labour with similar diagnostic accuracy with conventional Bishop score.
Persistence of poliovirus types 2 and 3 in waste-impacted water and sediment
Authors: Kline Allison , Dean Kara , Kossik Alexandra L. , Harrison Joanna Ciol , Januch James D. , Beck Nicola K. , Zhou Nicolette A. , Shirai Jeffry H. , Boyle David S. , Mitchell Jade , Meschke John Scott
Published: January 2022

Eradication of poliovirus (PV) is a global public health priority, and as clinical cases decrease, the role of environmental surveillance becomes more important. Persistence of PV and the environmental factors that influence it (such as temperature and sample type) are an important part of understanding and interpreting positive environmental surveillance samples. The objective of this study was to evaluate the persistence of poliovirus type 2 (PV2) and type 3 (PV3) in wastewater and sediment. Microcosms containing either 1) influent wastewater or 2) influent wastewater with a sediment matrix were seeded with either PV2 or PV3, and stored for up to 126 days at three temperatures (4°C, room temperature [RT], and 30°C). Active PV in the liquid of (1), and the sediment and liquid portions of (2) were sampled and quantified at up to 10 time points via plaque assay and RT-qPCR. A suite of 17 models were tested for best fit to characterize decay of PV2 and PV3 over time and determine the time points at which >90% (T90) and >99% (T99) reduction was reached. Linear models assessed the influence of experimental factors (matrix, temperature, virus type and method of detection) on the predicted T90 and T99 values. Results showed that when T90 was the dependent variable, virus type, matrix, and temperature significantly affected decay, and there was a clear interaction between the sediment matrix and temperature. When T99 was the dependent variable, only temperature and matrix type significantly influenced the decay metric. This study characterizes the persistence of both active and molecular PV2 and PV3 in relevant environmental conditions, and demonstrates that temperature and sediment both play important roles in PV viability. As eradication nears and clinical cases decrease, environmental surveillance and knowledge of PV persistence will play a key role in understanding the silent circulation in endemic countries.
The partition representation of enzymatic reaction networks and its application for searching bi-stable reaction systems
Authors: Naka Takashi
Published: January 2022

The signal transduction system, which is known as a regulatory mechanism for biochemical reaction systems in the cell, has been the subject of intensive research in recent years, and its design methods have become necessary from the viewpoint of synthetic biology. We proposed the partition representation of enzymatic reaction networks consisting of post-translational modification reactions such as phosphorylation, which is an important basic component of signal transduction systems, and attempted to find enzymatic reaction networks with bistability to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed representation method. The partition modifiers can be naturally introduced into the partition representation of enzymatic reaction networks when applied to search. By randomly applying the partition modifiers as appropriate, we searched for bistable and resettable enzymatic reaction networks consisting of four post-translational modification reactions. The proposed search algorithm worked well and we were able to find various bistable enzymatic reaction networks, including a typical bistable enzymatic reaction network with positive auto-feedbacks and mutually negative regulations. Since the search algorithm is divided into an evaluation function specific to the characteristics of the enzymatic reaction network to be searched and an independent algorithm part, it may be applied to search for dynamic properties such as biochemical adaptation, the ability to reset the biochemical state after responding to a stimulus, by replacing the evaluation function with one for other characteristics.
DNA barcoding identification of Greek freshwater fishes
Authors: Tsoupas Alexandros , Papavasileiou Sofia , Minoudi Styliani , Gkagkavouzis Konstantinos , Petriki Olga , Bobori Dimitra , Sapounidis Argyrios , Koutrakis Emmanouil , Leonardos Ioannis , Karaiskou Nikoleta , Triantafyllidis Alexandros
Published: January 2022

Biodiversity is a key factor for the functioning and efficiency of an ecosystem. Greece, though covering a relatively small surface area, hosts a great deal of species diversity. This is especially true for freshwater fishes. In recent years, the traditional methods of species identification have been supplemented by the use of molecular markers. The present study therefore aims to extensively produce DNA barcodes for Greek freshwater fish species and investigate thoroughly if the presently accepted species classification is in agreement with molecular data. A 624-bases long fragment of the COI gene was sequenced, from 406 freshwater fish specimens belonging to 24 genera and originating from 18 lake and river sites. These sequences were used along with 596 sequences from the same genera, recovered from BOLD, for the construction of phylogenetic trees and the estimation of genetic distances between individuals. In total, 1002 sequences belonging to 72 species were analyzed. The method was found to be effective for 55 of 72 studied species. 17 closely related species with low interspecific genetic distances were observed, for which further study is proposed. It should also be noted that, in four cases, cryptic diversity was observed, where groups originally identified as one species exhibited genetic distance great enough to be separated into discrete species. Region specific haplotypes were also detected within populations of 14 species, giving the possibility to identify even the geographic origin of a species. Our findings are discussed in the light of the rich history of the Balkan peninsula and provide a significant steppingstone for the further study of Greek and European freshwater fish biodiversity.
A darkening spring: How preexisting distrust shaped COVID-19 skepticism
Authors: Priniski J. Hunter , Holyoak Keith J.
Published: January 2022

Despite widespread communication of the health risks associated with the COVID-19 virus, many Americans underestimated its risks and were antagonistic regarding preventative measures. Political partisanship has been linked to diverging attitudes towards the virus, but the cognitive processes underlying this divergence remain unclear. Bayesian models fit to data gathered through two preregistered online surveys, administered before (March 13, 2020, N = 850) and during the first wave (April-May, 2020, N = 1610) of cases in the United States, reveal two preexisting forms of distrust––distrust in Democratic politicians and in medical scientists––that drove initial skepticism about the virus. During the first wave of cases, additional factors came into play, suggesting that skeptical attitudes became more deeply embedded within a complex network of auxiliary beliefs. These findings highlight how mechanisms that enhance cognitive coherence can drive anti-science attitudes.
La amnistía de 1977 y los debates sobre el pasado
Authors: Rivera Antonio
Published: January 2022

La ley de amnistía de octubre de 1977 fue un hito fundacional de la democracia española. La ampliación de sus beneficios a los responsables políticos y policiales de la represión de la dictadura es hoy motivo de discusión. El texto analiza s causas y las dimensiones políticas, sociales e historiográficas del debate. La lógica del presente trasladada al pasado genera problemas.
El perdón del rey a los grandes nobles en la Castilla del siglo XV. Problemática y elementos definitorios
Authors: López Gómez Óscar
Published: January 2022

A partir de documentación de archivo en gran parte inédita, en este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la problemática existente en torno a las distintasvaloraciones del perdón del rey al gran noble, y se analizan sus cláusulas y condicionantes, partiendo del hecho de que en la Castilla bajomedieval laalta nobleza era un grupo con una idiosincrasia muy específica, dado su enorme poderío político y económico, que le permitía incluso sostener a ejércitos privados.
Entrevista con Manuel Antonio Garretón: “La nueva Constitución va a definir la superación del orden neoliberal y una nueva relación entre política y sociedad”
Authors: Osorio Rauld Alejandro , Avendaño Octavio
Published: January 2022

Entrevista con Manuel Antonio Garretón: “La nueva Constitución va a definir la superación del orden neoliberal y una nueva relación entre política y sociedad”.
¿Hacia una casa común? La Comunidad Europea ante las políticas de Gorbachov (1985-1988)
Authors: Treglia Emanuele , Martín de la Guardia Ricardo
Published: January 2022

Mijaíl Gorbachov, una vez alcanzado el poder en la URSS en 1985, puso en marcha un amplio programa de reformas que aspiraba a democratizar y liberalizar el sistema soviético en múltiples ámbitos, a la vez que apostaba decididamente por mejorar las relaciones con la Comunidad Europea (CE). Al principio los dirigentes de la CE recelaron del «nuevo pensamiento» impulsado por Gorbachov, pensando que su discurso era uno más en la lista de las estrategias propagandísticas del PCUS. Sin embargo, la puesta en práctica de medidas extraordinariamente novedosas, acompañadas de una franca disposición al diálogo y a la negociación en cuestiones clave como la carrera armamentística y los derechos humanos, fueron convenciendo paulatinamente a los líderes comunitarios de la sinceridad de su mensaje. El presente artículo, centrándose en el período 1985-1988, pretende analizar cómo las instancias comunitarias miraron a las políticas desarrolladas por el nuevo líder soviético y recibieron sus propuestas de acercamiento.
Noticias inéditas sobre algunos aspectos de la salvaguardia del patrimonio artístico y arqueológico en Barcelona entre 1936-1945
Authors: Mateos Rusillo Santos M.
Published: January 2022

La pieza separada undécima de Tesoro artístico y Cultura roja de la Causa General aporta información interesante sobre la salvaguardia, destrucción y robo del patrimonio artístico y arqueológico en territorio de la República durante la Guerra Civil, especialmente rica respecto a la provincia de Barcelona. De la instrucción barcelonesa destacan cuatro casos que aportan información muy valiosa sobre aspectos de la gestión del patrimonio cultural de la Generalitat republicana, el robo de una importante colección numismática, que incluía el dracma de Barkeno, así como detalles acerca del proceso de incautación de la Colección Cambó y sobre la nacionalización del Tesoro de Tivissa.
Nacionalcatolicismo y celebraciones del «Año de la Victoria» a través de la Prensa del Movimiento: el caso de la provincia de Granada
Authors: Carvajal Contreras Miguel Ángel
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo aborda la relación entre el nacionalcatolicismo y la Prensa del Movimiento en la provincia de Granada, una vez finalizada la Guerra Civil, en 1939. Tras las muestras de iconoclastia y anticlericalismo previas a la guerra, que se habían desarrollado en algunas zonas del territorio provincial, el régimen franquista, junto con la Iglesia, llevaría a cabo un proceso de purificación simbólica del espacio público. Ello se hizo sobre la base de la exaltación del culto religioso, mediante eucaristías y rituales como procesiones y romerías, a lo que se añadió el culto a los caídos durante el conflicto. La prensa del régimen, vinculada especialmente al falangismo al inicio del mismo, mostraría prácticas religiosas unidas a celebraciones entorno al final de la guerra.
GIL VICO, Pablo, Verdugos de Asturias. La violencia y sus relatos en la revolución de Asturias de 1934. Gijón (Asturias), Ediciones Trea, 2019, 478 pp.
Authors: Sánchez Recio Glicerio
Published: January 2022

Reseña: GIL VICO, Pablo, Verdugos de Asturias. La violencia y sus relatos en la revolución de Asturias de 1934. Gijón (Asturias), Ediciones Trea, 2019, 478 pp. ISBN: 978-84-17987-33-6.
BOURRÉE, Fabrice, Retracer le parcours d’un résistant: guide d’orientation dans les fonds d’archives. París, Archives&Culture / Fondation de la Résistance / Service historique de la Défense, 2020, 214 pp.
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Juan Pedro
Published: January 2022

Reseña: BOURRÉE, Fabrice, Retracer le parcours d’un résistant: guide d’orientation dans les fonds d’archives. París, Archives&Culture / Fondation de la Résistance / Service historique de la Défense, 2020, 214 pp. ISBN: 978-2-35077-365-0.
FERNÁNDEZ SOLDEVILLA, Gaizka, El terrorismo en España. De ETA al Dáesh. Madrid, Cátedra, 2021, 434 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Ramos María
Published: January 2022

Reseña: FERNÁNDEZ SOLDEVILLA, Gaizka, El terrorismo en España. De ETA al Dáesh. Madrid, Cátedra, 2021, 434 pp. ISBN: 9788437642611.
Effect of trimmed asparagus by-products supplementation in broiler diets on performance, nutrients digestibility, gut ecology, and functional meat production
Authors: Nopparatmaitree Manatsanun , Nava Marisa , Chumsangchotisakun Verachai , Saenphoom Pornpan , Chotnipat Soranot , Kitpipit Warangkana
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Trimmed asparagus by-products (TABP) is the resultant waste from asparagus possessing. TABP has fructans, such as inulins and fructooligosaccharide, which can be utilized as an alternative prebiotic. This study was conducted to examine the effect of TABP dietary supplementation on the productive performance, nutrient digestibility, gut microbiota, volatile fatty acid (VFA) content, small-intestine histology, and meat quality of broilers.

Materials and Methods: A total of 320 1-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308®) were raised under ambient temperature and assigned through a completely randomized design to one of four dietary treatments, with four replicates per treatment. The dietary treatments comprised corn-soybean basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 10, 30, or 50 g/kg TABP. All birds were provided drinking water and feed ad libitum to meet the standard nutritional requirements of National Research Council for broiler chickens.

Results: TABP supplementation to the broilers significantly increased the apparent ether extract, crude fiber, and gross energy digestibility (p<0.05). TABP supplementation significantly increased lactic bacteria and Enterococcus spp. numbers as well as acetic, propionic, butyric, and total VFA levels (p<0.01); on the other hand, it also significantly decreased Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli contents in the cecum compared with the control group (p<0.01). Moreover, TABP supplementation increased villus height in the duodenum and jejunum (p<0.01), cryptal depth in the jejunum and ileum (p<0.01), and villus surface areas in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (p<0.01). Overall, 0-35 day TABP supplementation significantly increased the feed intake (p<0.01) and average daily gain of broilers (p<0.05), but not significantly affected the viability, productive index, and economic benefit return (p>0.05). The carcass characteristics, pH, color, and water holding capacity of the chicken meat between groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). All levels of TABP supplementation appeared to be a feasible means of producing broilers with the lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well as atherogenic indices of serum compared with the control (p<0.05). Cholesterol contents and palmitic acid, oleic acid, saturated fatty acids, and Monounsaturated fatty acids levels decreased with an increase of TABP supplementation (p<0.05). Furthermore, TABP supplementation decreased atherogenic index (AI) and thrombogenicity index (TI) of meat (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Supplementation of 30 g/kg TABP in broiler diet could enhance broiler performance and provide chicken meat with beneficial properties, with decreased AI and TI resulted from altered cholesterol and fatty acid profiles.
A stand-level growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned even-aged Scots pine forests in Norway
Authors: Kuehne Christian , McLean Paul , Maleki Kobra , Antón-Fernández Clara , Astrup Rasmus
Published: January 2022

Management of Scots pine ( L.) in Norway requires a forest growth and yield model suitable for describing stand dynamics of even-aged forests under contemporary climatic conditions with and without the effects of silvicultural thinning. A system of equations forming such a stand-level growth and yield model fitted to long-term experimental data is presented here. The growth and yield model consists of component equations for (i) dominant height, (ii) stem density (number of stems per hectare), (iii) total basal area, (iv) and total stem volume fitted simultaneously using seemingly unrelated regression. The component equations for stem density, basal area, and volume include a thinning modifier to forecast stand dynamics in thinned stands. It was shown that thinning significantly increased basal area and volume growth while reducing competition related mortality. No significant effect of thinning was found on dominant height. Model examination by means of various fit statistics indicated no obvious bias and improvement in prediction accuracy in comparison to existing models in general. An application of the developed stand-level model comparing different management scenarios exhibited plausible long-term behavior and we propose this is therefore suitable for national deployment.Pinus sylvestris
Effect of Naloxegol on Opioid-Induced Esophageal Motility Disorder
Authors: Ulteig Crista , Ciezki Kristin , Jacobson Megan , Singh Maharaj , Sharma Tarun
Published: January 2022

Opioid effects on lower gastrointestinal motility are well documented, and increasing attention is being paid to their effect on esophageal motility. Naloxegol is a µ-opioid receptor antagonist that is used for opioid-induced constipation, but its impact on esophageal motility has not been well documented. We report a case series of 3 patients with coexisting esophageal dysmotility and constipation on chronic opioids that improved both symptoms after starting naloxegol. Based on these observational studies, we propose that formal studies be conducted to assess the effect of naloxegol on opioid-induced esophageal dysmotility.
Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Fatty Liver Disease Increases Colon Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Hokyou , Lee Hye Won , Kim Seung Up , Chang Kim Hyeon
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCTION:

The association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has been controversial. Using the new consensus-driven definition, we evaluated the association of metabolic dysfunction–associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with the risk of developing CRC.

METHODS:

From a nationwide health screening database, we included 8,933,017 participants (48.6% male) aged 40–64 years between 2009 and 2010. Participants were categorized by the presence of fatty liver disease (FLD)—NAFLD and MAFLD, separately—and by the combination of the 2 definitions: neither FLD, NAFLD only, MAFLD only, or both FLD. The primary outcome was the development of CRC.

RESULTS:

Among the participants, 2,517,330 (28.2%) had NAFLD, and 3,337,122 (37.4%) had MAFLD, whereas 2,465,151 (27.6%) met both NAFLD and MAFLD definitions. Over a median follow-up period of 10.1 years, 60,888 new CRC cases developed. NAFLD and MAFLD were each associated with a significantly higher risk of developing CRC. When the neither FLD group was the reference, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for CRC were 1.16 (1.06–1.28) in the NAFLD only group, 1.18 (1.16–1.20) in the both FLD group, and 1.32 (1.28–1.35) in the MAFLD only group. The presence of advanced liver fibrosis further increased CRC risk in each FLD group.

DISCUSSION:

FLD was associated with a higher risk of CRC development. CRC risk was higher in the presence of MAFLD, especially when accompanied by liver fibrosis.
Partizipationsorientierte Wissensgenerierung und Citizen Science im Museum
Authors: Mucha Franziska , Oswald Kristin
Published: January 2022

Franziska Mucha und Kristin Oswald untersuchen in diesem Beitrag Prozesse der partizipativen Wissensproduktion im Museum und fragen, welche institutionellen Veränderungen notwendig sind, um die Beteiligung externer Teilnehmer:innen zu fördern. Der Beitrag beleuchtet Formate wie Crowdsourcing, Citizen Science und Hackathons und stellt ihre kontributiven, kollaborativen und co-kreativen Eigenschaften heraus. Die Autorinnen reflektieren diese gemeinsam mit Interviewpartner:innen aus dem Kulturbereich und zeigen dabei das Innovationspotenzial partizipationsorientierter Wissensproduktion: sowohl Inhalte als auch Arbeitsweisen von Museen können erweitert und für neue Zielgruppen attraktiver gestaltet werden, wenn die Mitarbeiter:innen sich auf diese offenen Prozesse einlassen. Dabei sind Experimentierfreude und eine starke Infrastruktur maßgeblich.
Musik als Medium der Selbstbegegnung. Eine Notiz mit Fußnoten
Authors: Vogel Matthias
Published: January 2022

Matthias Vogel widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, inwiefern Musik ein Medium darstellen kann, das Möglichkeiten der reflexiven Bezugnahme auf die eigene Subjektivität erlaubt. Da Musik als Musik wesentlich weder die Fähigkeit, zu referieren noch zu repräsentieren zukommt, lässt sich Musik - anders als Sprache - nicht als Medium der Selbstreflexion verstehen. Das gleichwohl enge Verhältnis ziwschen Musik und Subjektivität wird vor dem Hintergrund dieser negativen Auskunft so gedeutet, dass Musik ein Medium ist, in dem wir uns begegen können, insofern Musik uns Affordanzen für den bewegten Nachvollzug anbietet.
Frische Früchte, kaputte Körper
Authors: Holmes Seth M.
Published: January 2022

Im englischen Original mehrfach ausgezeichnet und nun endlich auf Deutsch erhältlich: Seth M. Holmes bietet eine eingehende Untersuchung des alltäglichen Lebens und Leidens mexikanischer Migrant*innen, die in der modernen US-Landwirtschaft als Erntehelfer*innen arbeiten. Der Anthropologe und Mediziner zeigt, wie Gesundheit und Gesundheitsversorgung durch die Schattenseiten der Konsumgesellschaft, durch Ressentiments gegen Einwander*innen und durch Rassismus leiden. Holmes' Material ist erschütternd und eindrucksvoll: Er wanderte mit seinen Begleiter*innen illegal durch die Wüste nach Arizona und wurde mit ihnen inhaftiert, bis sie abgeschoben wurden. Er lebte bei indigenen Familien in den Bergen von Oaxaca und in Farmarbeitslagern in den USA, baute Mais und Erdbeeren an und begleitete kranke Arbeiter*innen in Krankenhäuser. Diese »verkörperte Anthropologie« (Embodied Anthropology) vertieft unser theoretisches Verständnis dafür, wie schnell soziale Ungleichheiten in der Gesellschaft - und besonders im Gesundheitswesen - als normal und natürlich wahrgenommen werden.
Idyllischer Überfluss
Authors: Nickenig Annika
Published: January 2022

Annika Nickenig untersucht in ihrem Beitrag die ambivalente Ökonomie der Idylle in frühneuzeitlichen bukolischen Texten. Im Fokus steht dabei die Art und Weise, wie unterschiedliche Konzepte von Ökonomie, namentlich ein haushaltsökonomisches und ein frühkapitalistisches Verständnis, im kulturellen Imaginären der Zeit einander überlagern und in ein Spannungsverhältnis treten. Der Beitrag geht von der Beobachtung aus, dass bukolische Texte des Siglo de Oro in mehrfacher Hinsicht eine abundante narrative Ökonomie verzeichnen, die an das frühneuzeitliche Ideal der copia anschließt und zugleich die wirtschaftliche Krise ihrer Zeit reflektiert. Auf diese Weise lassen die Texte die Ambivalenz des Überflusses auf der ästhetischen Ebene sichtbar werden.
Vom Window-Shopping zum digitalen Bewertungsregime
Authors: Prokic Tanja
Published: January 2022

Das Schaufenster des 20. Jahrhunderts bildet ein epochemachendes Schema, insofern hier der Touchscreen der vernetzten Mediengesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts präfiguriert ist. Das Schaufenster ist wie der Touchscreen ein Display und als solches zeichnet es sich als Schnittstelle aus. Eine Schnittstelle zwischen Innen und Außen, zwischen Absentem und Verborgenem, zwischen Imaginärem und Realem. Im Schaufenster werden Künste, Medientechnologien, Wissenschaften miteinander verschaltet, Affekte hervorgerufen und entsprechend eine ganze Begehrensstruktur ausgeprägt, die konstitutiv für die Aufmerksamkeitsökonomie des 21. Jahrhunderts ist.1 In der Co-Autorschaft von Psychotechnik, experimenteller Psychologie, Gestalttheorie, Designtheorie, Werbewissenschaft, Architektur, den Künsten und Medien wird der kalkulierte Eingriff in den Affekthaushalt auf Basis perzeptiver und psychischer Gesetzmäßigkeiten und damit die Programmierung einer skopischen Subjektivität möglich.2 Skopisch ist diese Subjektivität, insofern es sich bei ihr nicht um einfache Betrachtungsverhältnisse nach dem Schema »Subjekt betrachtet ausgestelltes Objekt« handelt, sondern um die Kommerzialisierung der Blickstruktur, welche die vom Schaufenster erzielte »Bildwirkung« (Casson 1930: 14) als Beachtungsverhältnisse einer neuen Aufmerksamkeitsökonomie installiert. Solche Beachtungsverhältnisse legen, wie exemplarisch an zwei recht unterschiedlichen Phänomenen - nämlich dem Selfie und der Cancel Culture - zu zeigen sein wird, den Grundstein für den invective gaze in der digitalen Medienkultur.
Biography Matters - Feministisch-phänomenologische Perspektiven auf Altern in Bewegung
Authors: Spahn Lea
Published: January 2022

Biographien können nicht nur als gesellschaftlich kontextualisierte, narrative Sinnkonstruktionen erscheinen, sondern als ein »Un/doing« in ihrer prozesshaften Zeitlichlichkeit und Materialität. Lea Spahn stellt diese leibkörperliche Dimension von sozialer Praxis ins Zentrum ihrer Untersuchung. Durch die Verschränkung von biographietheoretischen, praxeologischen und phänomenologischen Zugängen fokussiert sie auf die leibkörperliche und somatische Dimension von Existenzen. Sie differenziert Praktiken des Improvisierens heraus und entwickelt Alter(n) als eine Schlüsselthematik, in der Subjekte praxisspezifische (Um-)Bildungsprozesse durchleben und als eigensinnige, somatische Akteure auftreten.
»Face to face«:
Authors: Küpper Thomas
Published: January 2022

Thomas Küpper arbeitet in diesem Beitrag heraus, dass die Figur des lebenserfahrenen Kommissars aus der Fernsehserie »Der Alte« sich nicht nur innerhalb des Kriminalgenres profiliert, sondern auch im Zusammenhang melodramatischer Ästhetik: Der bejahrte Ermittler führt die Mörderinnen und Mörder zum einen ihrer Bestrafung zu, zum anderen aber schenkt er ihnen als Menschen Aufmerksamkeit, hört ihnen zu und erlaubt es ihnen, ihre Gefühle in den Mittelpunkt zu rücken. Beide Facetten vereinigen sich in dem Titelhelden als Vaterfigur. Wie Küpper deutlich macht, gewinnt eine solche Vater-Imago ihre Faszinationskraft für das Publikum gerade in solchen gesellschaftlichen Kontexten, in denen paternale Autorität nicht mächtig ist.
Aufenthaltsrechtliche Illegalität erzählen
Authors: Grebner Helena
Published: January 2022

Aufenthaltsrechtliche Illegalität ist ein gesellschaftliches Konstrukt, aber auch eine subjektiv erlebte und individuell verkörperte Erfahrung. Die Stimmen illegalisierter Menschen werden jedoch oft auf unterschiedliche Weise vereinnahmt. Helena Grebner betrachtet den gemeinsamen Raum der Erzählsituation der Betroffenen, in dem sie ihre eigenen Geschichten und Gedankenwelten über das Leben ohne Aufenthaltsstatus erzählen. Sie zeigt, dass sich in den individuellen Erfahrungen sowohl dominante Narrative und Ordnungen als auch ein Widersetzen gegen diese widerspiegeln, welches sich performativ in unterschiedlichster Nuancierung entfaltet.
Learning to "See" Like A Machine
Authors: Ennemoser Benjamin
Published: January 2022

Assistant Prof. Benjamin Ennemoser investigates in his contribution the potential of generative processes in the field of architecture through the lens of Machine Learning(ML). Moreover, he examines how concepts of style developed by art historian Heinrich Wölfflin demonstrate affinity with emerging ML algorithms. Building on that, the article presents applied research concepts that elaborate on a paradigm shift in the field of architecture by inviting ML into the design process as a new entity with design agency. Furthermore, the research negotiates the role of the architect as a curator of datasets in a collaborative design process between human and machines.
Safety climate analysis at two thermal power plants
Authors: Marhoon Basil , Y. Abdalla Ahmed
Published: January 2022

The present work evaluates the safety climate as it reflects safety culture and is considered as a fast tool for assessing safety culture with minimum resources required. The evaluation is done for a private thermal combined cycle power company, Plant A. Another private company is also producing electric energy and water desalination, Plant B. Both plants are in Bahrain and under the management of one company. The evaluation is done through questionnaires, including all the staff of 210 employees. The questionnaire used in the present work is based on Nordic Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) and modified by the help of the health and safety department of Plant A to be suitable to the power plant. Also, interviews are conducted to validate and support the questionnaire. Analysis has been done by different statistical methods using Microsoft Excel. The overall safety climate level of the two plants was found to be above average. The overall mean score of all results is 3.67 on a scale of 1 to 5. The mean score for most of the dimensions was higher than 3, which is considered a positive result. The level of safety for the daytime workers was found to be greater than the safety level of the shift workers. Also, the study reveals some factors that affect the safety climate level, such as, the nature of the work, the experience and the number of safety workshops attended.Â Â
Effect of textile fabric fiber on mechanical properties of cement-sand mortar
Authors: M. Musa N. , M. Lawan M.
Published: January 2022

Cement-sand mortar is widely adaptable material used in construction as a binder for masonry walls or aesthetically for rendering and plas-tering. Fibre-reinforced mortar has been used for many years to increases the mortarâ€™s structural properties. This paper discusses the the influence of textile fabric fibre on the properties of cement-sand mortars. Flexural strength test, compressive strength test and drying shrink-age tests were carried out on mortars made with 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% textile fabric fibre additive. The tests were conducted at 7, 14 and 28 days and the results obtained showed that addition of textile fabric fibre in cement-sand mortar increases the mortar flexural strength and the mortar compressive strength. While, addition of textile fabric fibre reduces the drying shrinkage it can be concluded that textile fabric fibre can be utilized in cement-sand mortar using 1% optimum content.Â Â Â
Mathematical computation of water quality index to determine surface water quality of manyad storage tank, Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, India
Authors: L. Dhumal M.
Published: January 2022

The present work aims to assess the water quality index (WQI) of Manyad Storage tank, of Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, India. The surface water sample were assessed for physico-chemical parameters namely pH, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Total Hardness, Bicarbonate, Chlorides, Sulphates, Nitrates, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium and Fluoride in post-monsoon season of 2020. For calculating the water quality index (WQI), thirteen parameters namely, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, bicarbonate, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and fluorides were considered. Weighted arithmetic water quality index method was used to find surface water quality index (WQI). The water quality index of surface water found to be 96.24 indicating poor water category, which shows that whole water from the Manyad Storage tank is of very poor quality and treatment must be given before use for drinking purpose.Â Â
Hurwitz generation in groups of types 𝐹4, 𝐸6, 2E6, 𝐸7 and 𝐸8
Authors: Pierro Emilio
Published: January 2022

A Hurwitz generating triple for a group 𝐺 is an ordered triple of elements

(
x
,
y
,
z
)

∈

G
3

(x,y,z)\in G^{3}

, where

x
2

=

y
3

=

z
7

=

x
⁢
y
⁢
z

=
1

x^{2}=y^{3}=z^{7}=xyz=1

and

⟨
x
,
y
,
z
⟩

=
G

\langle x,y,z\rangle=G

.
For the finite quasisimple exceptional groups of types

F
4

F_{4}

,

E
6

E_{6}

,

E
6

2

{}^{2}E_{6}

,

E
7

E_{7}

and

E
8

E_{8}

, we provide restrictions on which conjugacy classes 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 can belong to if

(
x
,
y
,
z
)

(x,y,z)

is a Hurwitz generating triple.
We prove that there exist Hurwitz generating triples for

F
4

⁢

(
3
)

F_{4}(3)

,

F
4

⁢

(
5
)

F_{4}(5)

,

F
4

⁢

(
7
)

F_{4}(7)

,

F
4

⁢

(
8
)

F_{4}(8)

,

E
6

⁢

(
3
)

E_{6}(3)

and

E
7

⁢

(
2
)

E_{7}(2)

, and that there are no such triples for

F
4

⁢

(

2

3
⁢
n

-
2

)

F_{4}(2^{3n-2})

,

F
4

⁢

(

2

3
⁢
n

-
1

)

F_{4}(2^{3n-1})

,

E
6

⁢

(

7

3
⁢
n

-
2

)

E_{6}(7^{3n-2})

,

E
6

⁢

(

7

3
⁢
n

-
1

)

E_{6}(7^{3n-1})

,

S
⁢

E
6

⁢

(

7
n

)

SE_{6}(7^{n})

or

E
6

2

⁢

(

7
n

)

{}^{2}E_{6}(7^{n})

when

n
≥
1

n\geq 1

.
Multichannel impedance inversion in the frequency domain via anisotropic total variation with overlapping group sparsity regularization
Authors: Li Shu , Yue Bibo , Chen Yingpin , Peng Zhenming , Wu Ru-Shan
Published: January 2022

Total variation regularization is widely used in geophysical inverse problems for preserving the edges of geological structures.
However, it may lead to staircase artifacts and other inversion errors.
To overcome this drawback, we present an impedance inversion method by using anisotropic total variation with overlapping group sparsity regularization.
This method can not only preserve edges very well but also makes use of the group sparsity feature of acoustic impedance to reduce inversion error.
Moreover, we make full use of the properties of the Toeplitz matrix and speed up the inversion process in the frequency domain.
The synthetic data and field data inversion results show that the proposed method has the advantages of stronger anti-noise, faster inversion speed, and less error comparing with the conventional total variation regularization inversion method.
In addition, our method can effectively alleviate staircase artifacts and therefore improves resolution.
Pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes among women with psoriatic arthritis, a population based study
Authors: Gangbe Ella M. , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Baghlaf Haitham , Dahan Michael H.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Many autoimmune diseases negatively affect pregnancies. Studies report conflicting data about the effects of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in pregnancy. We sought to evaluate the pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes among women with PsA.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective population-based study using data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-HIS). Cases of PsA were identified using the ICD code 696.0. Pregnancies complicated with PsA were compared with the other pregnancies. A multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding variables.

Results

A total of 9,096,369 control births and 419 with PsA occurred during the study period. Women with PsA were more likely to be older, Caucasian, obese, have a higher income, and private insurance (p-value <0.0001 all). Also, they were more likely to start their pregnancy with chronic hypertension, pregestational diabetes, thyroid disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and depression. Rates of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.13–2.21) and small for gestational age (SGA) (aOR 2.42, 95% CI 1.49–3.93) were higher in PsA. There were no differences in the rates of most outcomes including: preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm delivery, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), placenta previa, abruption, modes of delivery, hemorrhage, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), chorioamnionitis, intrauterine fetal death, or congenital anomalies (p>0.05 all).

Conclusions

Women with PsA should be reassured about their pregnancy outcomes as only PIH and SGA were more common. Healthcare providers should take appropriate surveillance and preventive methods to mitigate the effect of these two complications in pregnancies complicated with PsA.
Flax seeds from Neolithic and Bronze Age pile-dwelling sites in Europe
Authors: Karg Sabine
Published: January 2022

Plant finds from Neolithic and Bronze Age wetland sites in the Alpine region are usually extraordinarily well preserved and thereby offer realms of possibilities to study the relationship between plants and humans in the past. Changes in the importance of cultivating oil- and/or fibre flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) in the period between the 43rd and the 20th century BC are discussed. These changes might be explained by innovations in textile production at the same time. Thus, the study is considered to be relevant for both archaeologists and archaeobotanists.

Flax seeds from 33 Neolithic and Bronze Age wetland sites were measured. The results show that two transitions in seed size occurred in the entire Alpine region. From the 38th century BC onwards a new variety of flax with smaller seeds was cultivated, and at the same time textile tools such as loom weights and spindle whorls, as well as textiles made of flax increased. In all sites that have been analysed so far, this small-seeded variety that produces a much higher amount of fibres in their stems than the oil variety, dominate from the 35th century onwards. However, during the 3rd millennium a change recurred. Increased flax seed size from locations dated to the 20th century indicates the cultivation of an oil variety. Presumably, fibre flax had lost its importance in favour of usage of animal fibres for textile production.
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A FORM OF SOCIAL WORK FOR THE SOCIAL COHESION OF SOCIETY
Authors: Dolacis Valters , Gūtmane Skaidrite , Rode Dace Deizija
Published: January 2022

Social entrepreneurship serves as one of the social techniques for the social cohesion of disadvantaged and marginalised groups in society, and therefore can be used as a practical method in the field of social work. Social entrepreneurship provides an operational platform for the renewal of people’s self-dependence skills, by learning to do things together, which is a relevant motivational aspect for socially marginalised people in solving their social and personal problems. Thus, the social cohesion of disadvantaged and marginalised groups of society by being involved in social entrepreneurial activities, and thus being placed in the sphere of the productive economy at the level of the community, contributes to the development of the local community, giving citizens the socially active status of being active protagonists in their destiny and their local community. However, the renewal of a person’s social functioning, achieved by involvement in social entrepreneurial activities, covers a person’s life holistically, starting with the person’s inner processes that lead to forming external social relationships. Therefore, the analysis of this process in the article involves taking an anthropological perspective on activating people’s inner resources and human potential in the activities of social enterprises, which also shows the dimension of social entrepreneurship as a tool for personal development. The aim of the article is to explore the phenomenon and practice of social entrepreneurship in the context of social work, where social entrepreneurship can be used as an innovative approach as a tool for the development of the community, and for the transformation on a personal level of practitioners and people involved in entrepreneurial activities.
BUILDING UP SISU, A NORDIC CULTURAL CONSTRUCT FOR THE COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH AND HARMONY
Authors: Strukčinskienė Birutė
Published: January 2022

The Finnish concept of sisu is a phenomenon in Nordic culture that has existed for 500 years in the Finnish nation. This cultural construct, a kind of lifestyle, a kind of ideology of life, enables the development of a persevering, balanced, enduring, resilient, healthy and harmonious personality. The sisu phenomenon inspires one to persevere, and to fight for success despite difficulties, even when it seems that the limits of human power have already been reached. The Nordic cultural construct of sisu has been linked with mental toughness and resilience, and good physical and mental health. There are elements that help to develop sisu in the individual and in society. They include the mindfulness of nature, physical activity, positivity, relaxation and recreation, withdrawal and stepping back, task fragmentation, leaving the comfort zone, and reward for completing a task. All of these are important elements for developing perseverance and inner strength, or sisu.
The Sound Machine in the Body
Authors: Latham Clara
Published: January 2022

What happens when music, which is historically understood to be an inherently human activity, joins with cybernetics, which claims to fold the human into the machine? I explore this question through a case study of the theremin, focusing on both the instrument’s initial cultural reception circa 1930 and its reappearance two decades later in Hollywood’s “Golden Age of Science Fiction” films, a period in which the theremin’s warbling soprano came to signify otherworldly presence.

The theremin’s coupling of embodied performance and electronic manifestation of sound encapsulates the cybernetic relationship between matter and information. Like the phonograph and the radio that preceded it, the theremin conjured music and sound from an inanimate object, but in this case a human performer was directly involved. While the instrument appeared invisible to audiences, descriptions of it collapsed the machine into the body of the performer herself. Audiences understood that the resulting sound corresponded to the performer’s movements, which implied a translation from human movement to electronic sound. In this article, I will first explore the ways in which the theremin posed problems for humanistic assumptions around music. I will then explore how the theremin came into contact with cybernetic ideas in post-World War II American popular culture, through its role in science fiction films.
Of Green Tonalities and Radical Transcendence
Authors: Mathes Carter
Published: January 2022

This commentary discusses DIS/UNITY, a series of sound-based performances created by the collective Propelled Animals, in conjunction with Laura Garbes’s critical reflections on Indigenous radio broadcasts as radical resistance to settler colonialism, as well as the author’s experiences with the sonic impact on a community environment destroyed through a failure of Black political leadership.
Amphetamines in the treatment of adult attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cocaine use disorder (CUD): The role of pharmacists
Authors: Milios Athena
Published: January 2022

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. This review paper outlines the role that pharmacists can play in monitoring amphetamine use, to reduce the possibility of medication abuse by those with ADHD and/or Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD). Because individuals with ADHD also struggle with impulsivity, they are more likely to abuse substances, particularly illegal stimulants (such as cocaine), in an effort to self-medicate. This article also reviews the pharmacokinetics of amphetamine derivatives as well as the evidence for their use to manage ADHD and CUD. Neuropharmacologically, the proposed mechanism of action of amphetamines in the treatment of CUD is also detailed. Finally, theimplications of these findings for pharmacy practice are discussed. The primary findings and principal conclusions are that amphetamines have been found to improve both ADHD and CUD symptomatology, primarily through increasing DA release from nerve terminals in the central nervous system, as well as increasing the release of NE and serotonin. Pharmacists can play an important role in monitoring use of these medications by working in collaboration with family physicians and psychiatrists to ensure that ADHD/CUD patients are taking their amphetamines as prescribed.