bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Overview of Security Vulnerability Penetration Methods in Blockchain Cross-Chain Bridges
Authors: Zhao Qianrui , Wang Yinan , Yang Bo , Shang Ke , Sun Maozeng , Wang Haijun , Yang Zijiang , Xin Haojie
Published: October 2023

Cross-chain bridges are crucial mechanisms for facilitating
interoperation between different blockchains, allowing the flow of
assets and information across various chains. Their pivotal role and the
vast value of assets they handle make them highly attractive to
attackers. Major security incidents involving cross-chain bridge
projects have been occurring frequently, resulting in losses of several
billion due to cyber attacks. The diversity of vulnerability
exploitation methods by hackers is vast, but not entirely untraceable.
There are scarce research outcomes studying cross-chain bridge cyber
incidents, and we have conducted a study based on the most recent
cross-chain bridge security incidents. We introduce the working
principles, components, and architecture of cross-chain bridges, explain
the categorization mechanisms of the trust layer in cross-chain bridges,
summarize four categories of hacker vulnerability exploitation
techniques from real cases, and propose preventative measures for
cross-chain bridge security.
Learning fast and agile quadrupedal locomotion over complex terrain
Authors: Chang Xu , Zhang Zhitong , An Honglei , Ma Hongxu , Wei Qing
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a robust controller that achieves
natural and stably fast locomotion on a real blind quadruped robot. With
only proprioceptive information, the quadruped robot can move at a
maximum speed of 10 times its body length per second, and has the
ability to pass through various complex terrains. The controller is
trained in the simulation environment by model-free reinforcement
learning and no specific human knowledge such as a foot trajectory
generator are used in the training architecture. Our research finds that
there is a problem of data symmetry loss during training, which leads to
unbalanced performance of the learned controller on the left-right
symmetric quadruped robot structure, and proposes a mirror-world neural
network to solve the performance problem. The learned controller
composed of the mirror-world network can make the robot achieve
excellent anti-disturbance ability. The learned controller can
coordinate the robot’s gait frequency and locomotion speed, and has good
generalization ability to reach locomotion speed it has never learned
and traverse terrains it has never seen before.
Addressing lighting and bounding box accuracy for the Embedded Automated Generator of Labeled Images (EAGL-I) system
Authors: Wong Tung Ki , Beck Michael A. , Bidinosti Christopher P. , Henry Christopher J.
Published: October 2023

The Embedded Automated Generator of Labeled Images (EAGL-I) system is a
tool for generating labeled images, particularly for data-driven
methods, such as deep learning models. The system has already generated
hundreds of thousands of images of weeds and crops. We present
modifications made to the original system that are based on the
experiences gathered from generating such large-scale datasets. The
improvements relate to lighting conditions, ease of use, refined image
segmentation, and pathfinding for camera-movements. To address lighting
conditions, we made three major changes to the hardware. First, the blue
keying fabric was replaced by solid black panels, mitigating reflections
and achieving reliable color accuracy; second, sunlight entering the
room through a window is diffused and partially blocked by a screen,
achieving consistent and uniform lighting of the imaging environment;
third, dimmable LED lights are installed allowing us to image with lower
ISO and to reduce noise in the resulting images. A YOLO machine learning
model was trained to replace the previous methods of estimating bounding
boxes around the plants. This new way of creating bounding boxes adapts
to different plant architectures, such as grasses or different kind of
dicots. Finally, we implemented a version of the A* pathfinding
algorithm to define save zones through which the camera will not be
moved. Overall, these modifications improved system performance and
image quality significantly, while making EAGL-I easier to use. We have
extended potential applications of EAGL-I, particularly for plant
phenotyping research and in fine-tuning machine learning models for
image analysis.
Synthesizing Forestry Images Conditioned on Plant Phenotype Using a Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Pal Debasmita , Ross Arun
Published: October 2023

Plant phenology and phenotype prediction using remote sensing data is
increasingly gaining attention in order to enhance agricultural
productivity. This work aims to generate synthetic forestry images that
satisfy a specific phenotypic attribute, viz. canopy greenness. We
harness a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to generate biologically
plausible and phenotypically stable forestry images conditioned on the
greenness of vegetation over a specific region of interest (describing a
particular vegetation type in a mixed forest). The training data is
based on the automated digital camera imagery captured by the National
Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) and processed by the PhenoCam
Network. This method helps render the appearance of forest sites
specific to a greenness value. Further, synthetic images are utilized to
predict another phenotypic attribute, viz., redness of plants. The
Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index is used to assess the quality of the
synthetic images and their greenness and redness indices are compared
against that of the original images using Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
to evaluate the accuracy and integrity. The generalizability and
scalability of our proposed GAN model is determined by effectively
transforming it to generate synthetic images for other forest sites and
vegetation types. From a broader perspective, this technique could be
used to visualize forestry based on different phenotypic attributes in
the context of various environmental parameters. This work provides a
useful step in leveraging generative AI principles from pattern
recognition and computer vision for plant phenological research.
Managed Aquifer Recharge in Mongolia: Policy Recommendations and Lessons Learned from Pilot Applications
Authors:   Asian Development Bank, Fan Mingyuan
Published: October 2023

This brief shares lessons from pilot projects to replenish Mongolia’s aquifers to help offset rising demand for water as climate change threatens to worsen shortages. It notes that Mongolia relies on groundwater for 90% of its water supplies and assesses three managed aquifer recharge (MAR) projects. These rely either on injection wells, surface water spreading, or enhancing natural recharge processes. It recommends Mongolia continues researching managed aquifer recharge, and shows how technical, institutional, and financial support could help harness MAR’s potential to provide vital solutions for water-scarce areas.
Listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy: the course of the disease and outcomes for the mother and fetus
Authors: Sudakov D. S. , Kovalchuk A. S. , Buzmakova A. L. , Kozlovsky S. N. , Kucheryavenko A. N.
Published: October 2023

Listeriosis mainly affects immunocompromised people, including pregnant women. Listeriosis is 17 times more common in pregnancy than in the population and lead to severe complications for the fetus or newborn. In Russia 644 cases of listeriosis were registered from 2005 to 2017. Every case  of listeriosis in pregnant women requires a special analysis. This will increase the alertness of doctors and their awareness of the features of this disease and its treatment in pregnant women.

Aims – to study the features of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, the outcomes of the disease for the pregnant woman and the fetus.

Materials and methods. We studied 4 cases of listeriosis in the third trimester of pregnancy, identified in the Clinical Infectious Hospital named after S.P. Botkin in the period from 2020 to 2021.

Results. All patients were admitted to the hospital in the third trimester of pregnancy with suspected acute respiratory viral infection, from 1 to 4 days after the onset of the disease. The leading symptom was fever. Leukocytosis was in a clinical blood test, and the value of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were increased. L. monocytogenes was identified after childbirth during bacteriological examination of mothers and newborns. All the women gave birth during the first day after admission to the hospital. Two women had vaginal deliveries, and two women delivered by cesarean section. All children were born alive, but they all were transferred to the children’s hospital for additional treatment. Finally, one child died, and the other three recovered.

Conclusions. Listeriosis of pregnant women is a severe infectious disease that leads to perinatal losses. The search for laboratory techniques that could be widely and routinely used in pregnant women with fever for early identification of L. monocytogenes is relevant. Early identification of this pathogen will make it possible to reasonably choose antibiotics and their dosages, improve prognoses for mother and child.
Laboratory markers of multiple organ pathology in severe cases and adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection (systematic review)
Authors: Konyshko N. A. , Volynets L. I. , Konyshko G. S.
Published: October 2023

The aim of the review: to present up-to-date scientifically based information about the laboratory parameters of patients associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and internal organ damage. Materials and methods: full-text publications of clinical, randomized and cohort studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses from scientific databases PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus, Google Scholar, E-library for the period from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed. Results. Specific biomarkers were identified, including inflammatory and immunological parameters (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, IL6), hematological (number of lymphocytes and neutrophils, NLR, D-dimer, ferritin, RDW), myocardial (troponin, creatinekinase-MB, myoglobin), hepatic (AST, ALT, total bilirubin, albumin) and characterizing lung injury (KL-6), which can be used for risk stratification, as prognostic biomarkers of adverse clinical consequences, including death in patients with COVID-19. The studies demonstrated new biomarkers of inflammatory and systemic manifestations of COVID19: procalcitonin, calprotectin and presepsin.
Quem está no comando? Poder entre grupos econômicos hegemônicos no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Eduardo
Published: October 2023

Refletimos sobre o controle corporativo brasileiro, levando em conta as relações acionárias das 200 principais holdings. O controle acionário foi modelado a partir da Análise de Redes Sociais, sendo utilizados grau de saída, grau de saída ponderado e centralidade de intermediação. Os centros hegemônicos são o setor energético, finanças e saúde privada. Apenas 20% das empresas concentra 80% do controle acionário e 1% quase 1⁄4. Dessas 62 empresas, 29 pertencem aos três setores mencionados, sendo 3 estatais, 9 estrangeiras e 17 privadas. A Eletrobrás possui o maior controle do fluxo acionário. Os três sócios da 3G Capital são as pessoas físicas mais poderosas. Considerando o controle acionário direto, a principal é a Rede D ́Or. A economia em território nacional está sob o controle de pouquíssimos clusters privados, nacionais e estrangeiros, muito mais influentes do que a capacidade estatal.
Fragilidades das Previsões do Focus e Copom
Authors: Locatelli César
Published: October 2023

As projeções e cenários utilizados pelo Comitê de Política Monetária (Copom) do Banco Central do Brasil são consistentes com a realidade posteriormente verificada? Os subsídios colocados à disposição do Comitê através da pesquisa de expectativas com membros do mercado e compiladas no Relatório de Mercado Focus agregam novas e úteis informações para a tomada de decisões de política monetária? São essas as questões que se procurou avaliar através da análise de 34 atas das reuniões do Copom, de dezembro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2023. As frágeis previsões formuladas pelo relatório Focus e pelo Copom evidenciam que as decisões sobre a taxa básica de juros são tomadas em estado de cabal incerteza.  A disjuntiva que se apresenta é encontrar métodos mais eficientes de construção de cenários ou aceitar-se o caráter eminentemente político da decisão da taxa de juros básica da economia.
As recentes políticas industriais automotivas brasileiras: uma comparação com as trajetórias tecnológicas alemãs
Authors: Batista Santos Silva Vitória , Alves de Moura Júnior Álvaro
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho compara políticas industriais direcionadas ao setor automotivo no Brasil e na Alemanha desde 2008, identificando de que forma está sendo criada inovação e tecnologia para o setor no Brasil, e qual sua posição na cadeia global de valor do setor. Pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, na qual foram calculados indicadores que ilustram a evolução da inovação no setor automotivo nos dois países, utilizando a PINTEC para o caso brasileiro, calculada pelo IBGE e a pesquisa Community Innovation Survey (CIS) para a Alemanha, cujos resultados são disponibilizados pelo órgão Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW). Os resultados indicaram que a Alemanha possui percentuais mais elevados de investimento em P&D no setor automotivo, e prioriza as relações de cooperação com outros atores do processo de inovação. Foi identificado que o grau de intensidade tecnológica do setor automotivo no Brasil diminuiu ao longo dos períodos analisados.
Comentários nas mídias sociais e a banalização da violência psicológica contra as mulheres
Authors: Florim Camila , Kobashigawa Leticia Harumi , Lima Manoela Koury de , Moura Tamires Barbosa de , Silva Andressa Melina Becker da
Published: October 2023

A violência psicológica é frequente, porém, de difícil detecção, muitas vezes presente em relacionamentos abusivos e confundida com ciúmes e cuidado. Nas mídias sociais isso pode ser incentivado através de postagens, assim como pode servir de espaço de suporte e compartilhamento de experiências. Objetivou-se analisar comentários publicados em mídias sociais relacionados à violência contra a mulher e sua associação à violência psicológica. Utilizou-se o método da netnografia, através de análise textual dos comentários de um vídeo publicado na rede social Facebook chamado: “Não confunda amor com abuso”. Foram transcritos 571 comentários da publicação, sendo o corpus analisado pelo software Iramuteq. Os comentários analisados mostram que questões culturais contribuem para a banalização da violência contra a mulher, principalmente da violência psicológica, pois geralmente só é considerado como violência quando há agressão física. Percebe-se a importância de um trabalho de psicoeducação, como por exemplo através de vídeos orientativos, visando a conscientização da população e possível redução da violência.
Psicologia do Bolsonarismo: por que tantas pessoas se curvam ao mito?
Authors: Souza Luiz Gustavo Mendel
Published: October 2023

Resenha do livro BOGÉA, DIOGO. Psicologia do Bolsonarismo: por que tantas pessoas se curvam ao mito? 1. ed. Niterói: Oficina de Filosofia, 2021. v.1. 90p.
Fé e modernidade no pensamento de Joseph Ratzinger/Bento XVI
Authors: Costa Baptista Mariani Ceci Maria , Beck Ferreira Rafael
Published: October 2023

Objetiva-se compreender a relação entre Igreja e modernidade a partir do pensamento de Joseph Ratzinger/Papa Bento XVI, na esteira do Concílio Vaticano II, que propôs uma postura renovada da Igreja perante o mundo moderno, pautada pelo diálogo, abertura, esperança e reconciliação. Joseph Ratzinger defende a compatibilidade entre fé cristã e racionalidade ocidental, recorrendo ao cristianismo primitivo para explicar a novidade da fé cristã quando comparada às religiões pagãs. Ratzinger reafirma a pretensão de verdade do cristianismo como um aspecto originário, que não pode ser abandonado e que se contrapõe ao relativismo. No pensamento de Joseph Ratzinger, há uma dupla relação entre Igreja e modernidade: por um lado, de abertura, a Igreja considerando-se ainda herdeira legítima da racionalidade ocidental (a fides et ratio, duas asas de um único pássaro); por outra via, de tensão, separação e estranhamento. Numa época pós-metafísica, Bento XVI apresenta a doutrina cristã com realismo, defendendo a liberdade religiosa como herança positiva da modernidade e afirmando a necessidade de a liberdade individual estar associada à compreensão mais profunda da vocação de cada pessoa e à responsabilidade social. Joseph Ratzinger/Bento XVI, afirma o papel público da fé cristã e sua importância na construção de um verdadeiro desenvolvimento humano integral. Mais uma vez o cristianismo ocupa seu espaço como ator relevante e profético do processo de secularização, apontando as ambivalências e as contradições da sociedade e marcando sua posição. Desse modo, a sadia secularização ajuda a Igreja para que encontre “a verdadeira separação do mundo”, sem negá-lo ou alienar-se.
Inclusão, reconhecimento e gratidão:
Authors: A. Nef Ulloa Boris , Lazarini Souza dos Santos Adriano
Published: October 2023

O artigo apresenta uma abordagem pragmalinguística de Lc 17,11-19. Esta metodologia exegético-hermenêutica sincrônica sublinha a perspectiva comunicativa gerada no encontro texto-leitor, à qual se coaduna a compreensão das Escrituras, evento literário, enquanto revelação de Deus expressa em palavra humana. Os campos semânticos destacam a força comunicativa do relato, mediante suas estratégias literárias e pragmáticas. Na primeira parte do artigo, identifica-se a relação da perícope com a macronarrativa do evangelho lucano. A perícope encontra-se na seção da grande viagem de Jesus a Jerusalém (9,51-19,27).  Os milagres possuem, nesta seção, função parenética sobre o discipulado cristão e manifestam a missão salvífica de Jesus. Na segunda parte do artigo, sublinham-se os elementos que explicitam a coerência comunicativa do relato. A articulação textual revela que a purificação dos leprosos e o reconhecimento expresso pelo samaritano configuram-se como sinais da presença do Reino manifestos no ministério de Jesus. Finalmente, indica-se a focalização pragmática, que abre novos horizontes de sentido para o leitor: o desafio da inclusão do “diferente” na comunidade cristã, o louvor a Deus e o agradecimento pelo dom recebido, as dimensões imprescindíveis de compaixão e misericórdia frente aos sofredores, o caráter inclusivo da eleição de Israel e o universalismo da salvação.
Gafanhotos na Bíblia Hebraica
Authors: Grenzer Matthias , Agostini Fernandes Leonardo
Published: October 2023

A literatura bíblica, além de refletir sobre Deus e o ser humano, pensa detidamente nos seres não humanos, isto é, o ar, a água, o solo, o calor, os vegetais e os animais. Ora admira a beleza desses seres e o funcionamento do ecossistema, ora contempla aquelas forças no meio da natureza que, às vezes, ameaçam o ser humano em sua sobrevivência. Vislumbra-se o quanto um propósito específico acompanha a existência de cada ser. Assim, a natureza, compreendida como criação divina, torna-se palavra de Deus. Ou seja, os seres abióticos, a flora e a fauna permitem experiências e ganham conotações simbólicas que aproximam o ser humano ao mistério da vida e, com isso, à esperança de que Deus irá salvar sua criação. Nesta investigação, visa-se ao inseto vulgarmente chamado de gafanhoto. O que a Bíblia Hebraica, ao mencioná-lo cinquenta e cinco vezes, traz de reflexão socioambiental e teológica para seus ouvintes-leitores?
PAZ EN EL CORAZÓN DEL CONFLICTO
Authors: Betty Rodríguez Moreno Mary
Published: October 2023

El siguiente artículo, pretende ubicar contextualmente las palabras de Jesús en Jn 20,19-21, en el contexto de conflicto que se desarrolla a lo largo del Evangelio entre Jesús y sus adversarios. Asimismo, subrayar que hay un recurso a la memoria, un acercamiento al conflicto, a la paz que Jesús ofrece y los signos de la paz que presenta el evangelista. Lo anterior, con el ánimo de destacar la necesidad de releer la paz para la realidad actual, según el Evangelio, que le apuesta a la inclusión y al valor de la diversidad.
Bíblia e Paz
Authors: Leite de Araujo Gilvan , Xavier Donizete José
Published: October 2023

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Numerical differentiation of table-given functions at arbitrarily located interpolation nodes
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Hrytsiuk Yu. I. , Tushnytskyi R. B. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

A methodology has been developed for numerically differentiating table-given functions using a Taylor polynomial of degree n, which enables the computation of k-th order derivatives (k £ n) at any point between arbitrarily located interpolation nodes in one, two, or multiple independent variables. Recent research and publications have been analysed, allowing for the assessment of the task complexity of computing derivatives of a function based on the values of independent variables within a certain interval of a table-given function. The formulation of the problem of numerical differentiation of periodic table-given functions using the Taylor polynomial of the nth order from one, two, and multiple independent variables is described. It is established that any tabulated function should be initially smoothed by some function whose analytical expression is a global (local) interpolating polynomial or a polynomial obtained by least squares approximation with some error. The derivative of such a table-given function is understood as the derivative of its interpolant. A method of numerical differentiation of table-given functions is developed, the essence of which is reduced to the product of the Taylor row vector of the n-th degree by the matrix of the k-th order of its differentiation (k £ n) and on the column vector of the coefficients of the corresponding interpolant. Some problem formulations of numerical differentiation of table-given functions using Taylor polynomials of degree n, corresponding solution algorithms, and specific implementation examples are provided. It has been established that to compute the k-th order derivative of a table-given function at a given value of the independent variable, the following steps need to be performed: based on the given table data, form a matrix equation, solve it to obtain the coefficients of the interpolant; substitute into the corresponding matrix expression the obtained interpolant coefficients and the independent variable value, and perform the matrix multiplication operations specified in the expression. The verification of the accuracy of the calculations using the appropriate central difference formulas was made. It was established that the calculated derivatives of the k-th order using the formulas of central finite differences practically coincide with the values ​​obtained using the Taylor polynomial interpolation of the n-th order, that is, the values ​​of the derivatives are calculated correctly.
Collaborative human-machine decision support systems with digital channels
Authors:   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Mulesa O. Yu. , Horvat P. P. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Yehorchenkov O. V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia, Imre Yu. Yu. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Ferens D. Ya. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine, Kocipak V. O. ,   Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The decision-making problem for the case of human-machine analysis of input data is considered. It was noted that the use of human-machine decision support systems allows to reduce time and money costs. A multi-channel automated decision-making system is considered, which can generate real-time decisions based on signals coming to it from different channels. All channels are numeric. Channels can be both software tools of artificial intelligence and competent experts who give conclusions on the researched issue. Two cases were studied: – the case of making decisions regarding the numerical assessment of an object or phenomenon, when the agreed decision must be numerical; – a case of making decisions regarding the fact of the appearance of an object or phenomenon, when the agreed decision must be logical. Seven rules have been developed for determining the numerical assessment of an object or phenomenon. The rules allow you to take into account the estimates obtained from different channels and the reliability of these channels. Separate rules take into account ratings received from all channels. There are rules that take into account only the evaluations of those channels whose reliability meets the specified limits. This approach ensures a sufficiently reliable decision, according to the needs of the task and the person making the decision. Four rules have been developed for the case of decision-making regarding the fact of the appearance of an object or phenomenon. These rules, analyzing the numerical estimates received from the channels, produce a solution from the set {True, False}, which corresponds to cases of occurrence/absence of the phenomenon under investigation. The rules take into account the reliability of the channels and, based on the constructed functional dependence, convert the numerical evaluation into a logical one. The constructed decision-making scheme in multi-channel human-machine decision support systems makes it possible to arbitrarily increase the number of channels in the system. The use of rules that filter out estimates obtained from channels that are not reliable enough for a specific problem will prevent the dispersion of the estimation result due to a large number of channels. The choice of rules rests with the decision maker or problem owner.
Methods and means of determining objects of radio intelligence using the ontological approach
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Danylyk V. M. , Lytvyn V. V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Rybchak Z. L. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to the study of methods and means of determining objects of radio technical intelligence using machine learning technologies and an ontological approach. A naіve Bayesian classifier was used to identify objects of radio technical intelligence. The Naive Bayes classifier is a machine learning algorithm used to classify objects based on probabilities. In this article, a naive Bayesian classifier is used to determine the classes to which objects of radio technical intelligence belong. The classifier uses historical data on object properties to determine the probability that each object belongs to a certain class. For example, based on the properties of the operating frequency range, pulse duration, pulse repetition period, and the number of sources of radio emissions, it is possible to determine the probability that the object belongs to a certain class of radio-technical intelligence. An ontological approach was used to specify the classes to which the objects of radio technical intelligence belong. The ontological approach is used to define classes of objects of radio technical intelligence in order to create a clear and unambiguous model of the subject area. This allows you to structure knowledge about objects, their properties, and relationships, which simplifies further data analysis and allows more accurate classification of new objects. The process of classifying objects in the military field, namely radio-technical intelligence, has been improved by combining the methods of k-nearest neighbors, the naive Bayesian classifier, and the ontological approach, which, unlike the existing methods, before applying the classifier, clustering of objects is carried out in order to take into account the ranges within which features of objects are defined. The analysis of input features showed that the main features for determining the means of radio technical intelligence are: “range of working frequencies”; “impulse duration”; “pulse repetition period”; “the number of sources of radio emissions”. An information system for the classification of radio-technical intelligence tools has been developed, the central component of which is the ontology of radio-technical intelligence tools. Simulation modeling of the work of the developed methods and algorithms was carried out. The choice of software tools for the implementation of the developed methods with the aim of further implementation on various platforms is substantiated. The JavaScript programming language using the JQuery library was used to implement the functional content of the system. The conducted simulation shows a satisfactory result of the developed methods and algorithms.
A Cautionary Note on the Use of Linear Regression for Hypothesis Testing
Authors: Light Gregory L.
Published: October 2023

This note draws researchers’ attention to the use of linear regression for the purpose of conducting a hypothesis testing. Even when multiple explanatory variables are included in a regression equation to preclude the hazard of a simple regression of omitting other factors, multicollinearity unfortunately is inherent in multiple regression simply because the included explanatory variables can share some common parameter domain; that is, they co-vary. Here we shall show that however one transforms the variance-covariance matrix of the least-squares estimation to reduce the estimation errors, the procedure amounts to affine transformations of the explanatory variables so that despite the transformation they remain to co-vary, rendering the coefficient as a partial derivative invalid. The root of this problem originates from the fact that one receives the explanatory variables’ values by observation rather than predetermining their values and then collecting the corresponding dependent variable’ values. This situation becomes especially disconcerting when a transformed explanatory variable has its estimated coefficient enjoying an exceptional degree of confidence but of no mathematical status as a partial derivative, misleading engineering or medical prescriptions and public policies.
Profile of Immature to Total Neutrophil (IT) Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio as Initial Predictive Value of Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis at Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar, Bali
Authors: Wismawan Made Nindya Prahasari , Windiyanto Romy
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) is a serious health problem manifested as systemic inflammation in the neonates that occurred within 72 hours of life. Diagnosis is challenging as the signs and symptoms of neonatal sepsis are not specific. Blood culture as the gold standard has its limitation, therefore we aim to evaluate the role of immature-to-total neutrophil ratio (IT ratio) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as a biomarker for early prediction of EOS.
Materials and Method: This is a cross-sectional study which included patients aged within 28 days (neonates) with clinical suspicion of early-onset neonatal sepsis in Sanjiwani Hospital, Gianyar, Bali from January to December 2022. The primary outcome of the study was the diagnostic performance of IT ratio and PLR.
Results: 131 patients were included in this study, in which 55.7% were diagnosed with EOS. IT ratio with the cut-off value of 0.2 has sensitivity and specificity of 98.6% and 96.9%, respectively, with OR 2023.5 (178.92–22884.5; p < 0.001). No significant difference was seen in PLR between suspected and proven EOS.
Conclusion: IT ratio could be considered a promising biomarker as an early predictor of EOS, while the utility of PLR remains uncertain.
Headmaster's Strategy to Improve the Quality of Teaching and Learning of Islamic Education in an Elementary School
Authors: Wyananda Putri Azizah , Sulaiman Sulaiman , Nurfadhilah Nurfadhilah
Published: October 2023

This research aims to analyze the strategies employed by school principals to enhance the quality of Islamic Religious Education in primary schools. The study utilizes a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data sources are obtained through structured interviews with four key informants, including the school principal, Islamic Religious Education teachers, homeroom teachers, and students. To strengthen the interview data, the author also conducts direct observations and analyzes relevant documentation to ensure comprehensive research outcomes. All data are analyzed using the Miles and Huberman data analysis techniques. The research findings reveal nine strategies implemented by school principals to improve the quality of instruction. These nine strategies consist of two aspects of planning (internal analysis and external analysis), five aspects of implementation (providing continuous motivation to teachers, enhancing teacher competence, fostering discipline among teachers and students, improving student quality, and enhancing learning facilities), and two aspects of evaluation (supervision and routine evaluation). These strategies can serve as references for schools in enhancing the quality of instruction in various primary schools in Indonesia
Parents' Efforts to Improve Children's Learning Interests in Islamic Families in Indonesia
Authors: Putri Indiani Hasana , Fitria Yenni , Putri Viona Yolanda , Firsya Rahmatul Hasni , Jofanry Rofif Octa , Putri Fitria Desvi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to analyze parents' efforts to increase children's interest in learning. This research uses qualitative methods with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Data sources were taken from six informants consisting of parents and elementary school children through direct interviews. All data were analyzed thematically using the Miles and Huberman technique. The results of the study as a whole describe nine main themes of parents' efforts to increase children's interest in learning, namely i) parents know children's learning development, ii) complete children's learning facilities, iii) guide children to study at home, iv) control children's study time, v) limiting the use of gadgets, vi) a comfortable learning environment, vii) children attend tutoring, viii) give rewards to children, xi) parents' economic influence
THE MEANING OF THE WORD “DAN/ATAU” IN INDONESIAN LAWS AND REGULATIONS
Authors: Irnawati Irnawati , Ardhianti Mimas
Published: October 2023

Improper meaning of "dan/atau" in Indonesian laws and regulations will cause problems of meaning and implementation in practice. The formulation of legal issues to be studied is what is the meaning of "dan/atau" in laws and regulations in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the meaning of "dan/atau" in laws and regulations in Indonesia. The meaning of "dan/atau" in-laws and regulations is interesting to study from the field of meaning. This research uses qualitative descriptive research methods with doctrinal legal research types and a statute approach. The data source used in this study is the existing laws and regulations in Indonesia. The data analyzed are the connecting words "dan/atau" in Indonesian legislation. The results of the discussion of "dan/atau" in legislation can be treated as "dan" and can also be treated as "atau", caused by the slash studied that indicates the meaning of "choice" and expresses propositions in conjunction or disjunctive by looking at the explanation of the legislation.
Percepción docente y la desmotivación durante su práctica pedagógica
Authors: Huiza Kely , Mollehuanca Ttito Edith , Soto Grigith Marisol
Published: October 2023

La desmotivación es una respuesta impulsada por el desánimo o por diferentes situaciones, afecta el estado emocional y psicológico, desencadenando problemas en diversos ámbitos. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la percepción docente y la desmotivación durante la práctica pedagógica mediante una metodología cualitativa de tipo fenomenológico por estudio de casos, realizando una entrevista a profundidad a cuatro docentes: dos con más de veinticinco años y otras dos con menos de cinco años de experiencia laboral, respectivamente. Luego, mediante un proceso de codificación abierta y triangulación, se generaron las categorías emergentes. Finalmente, los resultados mostraron que las maestras se sienten desmotivadas por la escasa participación de los padres, también al ser minimizadas por la edad y trayectoria laboral, además, las condiciones laborales no son las óptimas debido a la relación con algunos padres conflictivos. Asimismo, la baja remuneración y la escasez de recursos ocasionan desánimo para trabajar convenientemente dentro del aula.
IFRS innovation, governance practices and firm performance: A new empirical assessment of moderating effects across GCC region
Authors: Alruwaili Waleed S. , Ahmed Abdullahi D. , Joshi Mahesh
Published: October 2023

Research background: Despite the large volume of research which has been conducted, the association between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance remains a controversial issue, particularly with the growth of accounting settings around the world.
Purpose of the article: This study assesses the moderating role of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the association between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance in selected Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country-listed firms, namely Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates over the period 2016–2019.
Methods: Importantly, we examine the direct and indirect influences of royal family members on long-term firm performance. We attempt to answer our research questions using robust estimation methods such as pooled OLS, fixed effect, random effect and first difference models.
Findings & value added: The outcome reveals a significant and positive impact of firm size and board size on the firm performance in the pooled sample, while there is a significantly negative influence of financial leverage on firm performance. The impact of RFP on FP is seen to be negative and significant while the interaction term is found to be positive and statistically significant. This notably refers to the possibility that royal family directors could play an essential role in influencing the executive management team to fully react to provide extensive voluntary disclosure and comply with IFRS adoption. Our simultaneous quantile regression analysis displays the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance in various stages. While we observe that IFRS transformation has improved information comparability, policy makes in GCC countries should continue to foster conducive environment to support innovative business practices that help diversify their economies.
The impact of financial speculation on futures contracts price movements: A study of the US markets for dairy commodities
Authors: Staugaitis Algirdas Justinas , Christauskas Česlovas
Published: October 2023

Research background: The study analyzes whether financial speculation destabilizes commodity prices in light of recent price volatility and spikes in agricultural commodities. The study delves deeper into the US dairy futures markets, which are less studied by other authors in their research and relatively new in comparison to other agricultural commodity markets. These dairy commodity futures contracts provide dairy businesses and farmers the chance to hedge against price risks, which are particularly crucial in uncertain economic times such as the post-2020 COVID-19 pandemic timeframe. The analysis makes use of the weekly returns on futures contracts for nonfat milk powder, butter, milk class III, and cheese that are obtained from the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME).
Purpose of the article: Conduct an empirical study to evaluate the effect of financial speculation on dairy product prices on US commodity markets, including the post-2020 timeframe.
Methods: Time series analysis is used in the investigation: the generalized auto-regressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) method, the Granger causality test, and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test.
Findings & value added: Our analysis's findings show that, even though most commodities experienced an increase in return volatility during the post-2020 period, there is no evidence for financial speculation being the cause of increased returns from dairy futures contracts. The research also suggests that financial speculation, in some cases, even lowers the volatility of dairy futures prices. Therefore, non-commercial market participants may help to distribute price risks, making these markets more liquid.
The Spanish Descamisado(s): Zero-Translating in the London Papers during the Liberal Triennium (1820-1823)
Authors: Gregorio Sainz Silvia
Published: October 2023

This article analyses the introduction and use of the word descamisado(s) in newspapers around London during the Spanish Liberal Triennium. It focuses on how the term was introduced, the editors’ sources of information, and the evolution of its meaning, paying attention to the representation of the radical liberals involved and the events portrayed. As previous studies centred on the use of the term by Peronism, this draws on the references found in London periodicals at that time. A critical review provides information on the press’ role during the liberal revolutions and might bring to light the importance of translation in newspapers.
A Comparative Analysis of Different Urban Spaces Using Public Space Index
Authors: Karaçor Elif Kutay , Ögçe Hüseyin
Published: October 2023

The discussion of ownership of public space, which started with the privatisation of public spaces, especially after the 1980s, and the effects of this situation on the quality of public space, has become important in the literature. This study aims to measure the quality of public spaces that have different levels of ownership in Istanbul with the public space index based on observational and perceptual indicators. Inclusiveness, meaningful activities, comfort, safety, and pleasurability, which are accepted as the main quality dimensions of public space, are measured in different public spaces in Istanbul. Thus, the differences in the perceptual outcomes of the privatisation strategies as perceived at the geographical level and the causes of these differences are identified. It is important to reveal which indicators create differences or similarities in public spaces at different ownership levels in terms of improving public spaces and increasing their level of use. As a result of this study, it was obtained that the ownership of public space is not entirely effective in the perception of quality.
Transitional Justice as a tool for polarization in Albania
Authors: Stasa Ines , Dedej Arian
Published: October 2023

The discourse on transitional justice and coming to terms with the past following 32 years of regime change in post-communist Albania continues to cause further polarization within society. The timeline of nearly thirty years has been fueled by extreme debates and harsh statements which have resulted in the division of society in two camps of public judgment-the communists and the anti-communists. The number of studies conducted on the impact of transitional justice on democratic backsliding is quite limited, and similarly, there is a paucity of research on the correlation between transitional justice and polarization within the country. Albania’s transitional justice dynamic can be better understood by contextualizing it in terms of regime change and consolidation, which would bring significant insights. The primary objective of this paper is to concentrate on the theoretical and conceptual framework of transitional justice, and to discuss its primary differences in how it deals with the past. In the second part of the paper, a detailed analysis of the discourse of the elite will be presented, aimed at addressing the fundamental question posed in this paper, which is “to what extent has the political domain utilized TJ to polarize society”?
Central retinal vein occlusion : an uncommon complication in sarcoidosis
Authors: Chabchoub Imen , Damak Chifa , Bouhamed Marwa , Rekik Mouna , Abid Cyrine , Frikha Faten , Kammoun Sonda , Jemaa Yoldez Ben , Marzouk Sameh , Bahloul Zouhir
Published: October 2023

Sarcoidosis is a multi-system granulomatosis of unknown etiology, defined by the presence of epithelioid and gigantocellular granulomas, without caseous necrosis. Ocular sarcoidosis manifests mainly as bilateral granulomatous anterior uveitis. Occlusion of the central retinal vein in sarcoidosis is a rare manifestation, which is the particularity of our observation.

We report the case of a patient presenting with unilateral central retinal vein occlusion associated with granulomatous anterior uveitis on the same side. Systemic manifestations and further investigations led to the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.
Scaling Indoor Positioning: methods for improving accuracy and privacy of indoor positioning
Authors:   , Engström Jimmy
Published: October 2023

Our phones have many uses for positioning technologies, such as navigation, LocationBased Services (LBS), emergency positioning, fitness applications, and advertising. We trust our phones and wearables to be location-aware. However, as soon as we enter a building, we can no longer use GPS signals, as their already weak signals are well below the background noise of the environment. This requires us to develop alternatives, such as installing active radio beacons, using existing radio infrastructure, applying environmental sensing based on barometric pressure and magnetic fields, or utilizing Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) to estimate the user location. This licentiate thesis aims to evaluate beacon-based indoor positioning, where we assume installing a set of small battery-powered Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) beacons are possible. In particular, the thesis addresses essential factors such as installation effort, accuracy, the privacy aspects of an Indoor Positioning System(IPS), and mitigation of accuracy issues related to radio signal shadowing in complex indoor environments. The goal is to solve some obstacles to the widespread adoption of indoor positioning solutions.
Fruit Features in Some Species of Astereae and Helinatheae Alliance
Authors: Gallo Fabiana Regina , De Souza Luiz Antonio , Rodrigues Karina Fidanza
Published: October 2023

Theoretical framework: Astereae is the second largest tribe of Asteraceae, with 170 genera with a worldwide distribution. The Alliance Heliantheae clade consists of about 160 genera from various tribes, including Eupatorieae and Heliantheae. Both taxa, especially Alliance Heliantheae, have taxonomic problems, and the structure of the fruits can reveal useful characters in their taxonomy.
 
Objective: The fruits of Baccharis uncinella DC., Inulopsis scaposa (DC.) O. Hoffm. (Tribe Astereae), Campovassouria cruciata (Vell.) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Tribe Eupatorieae) and Ichthyothere mollis Baker (Tribe Heliantheae) were ontogenically analyzed and compared with results obtained in studies of species from these three tribes.
 
Method: Flowers and fruits at different stages of development were collected in Vila Velha State Park, Paraná, Brazil. The botanical material was investigated according to usual techniques in plant anatomy.
 
Results: The fruits of the two species of Astereae are structurally very similar, being devoid of mesocarp and phytomelanin, unlike the species of Eupatorieae and Heliantheae, which have parenchymatic and sclerenchymatic mesocarp and phytomelanin.
 
Conclusion: Characters that may be relevant in the taxonomy of both groups of Asteraceae are the absence or presence of mesocarp; presence or absence of phytomelanin, laminar or filamentous pappus, and occurrence/type of twin hairs.