bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Achieving change readiness for health service innovations
Authors: Harrison Reema , Chauhan Ashfaq , Le-Dao Huong , Minbashian Amirali , Walpola Ramesh , Fischer Sarah , Schwarz Gavin
Published: January 2024

Continual innovation to address emerging population needs necessitates
health service ongoing redesign and transformation worldwide. Recent
examples include service transformations in response to covid-19.
Ensuring effective change management processes occur is central to
delivering these transformative changes yet notoriously challenging.
Recent evidence indicates that affective commitment to change amongst
healthcare staff may be an important contributor to gaining support for
change implementation but understudied in healthcare. Our analysis
sought to examine the association between affective commitment to change
and change readiness in projects across the New South Wales health
system in Australia. Our findings indicate that affective commitment to
change; healthcare worker’s emotional and personal perception of the
value of the proposed change, is independently associated with
individual and collective change readiness. Given that achieving change
readiness is a central goal of change management strategies, this pilot
work provides valuable insight to inform change management practices in
healthcare contexts.
Improved third-order WENO scheme with new reference smoothness indicator
Authors: Guo Cheng , Wang Yahui
Published: January 2024

In this article, a new reference smoothness indicator for third-order
WENO schemes is proposed.The main construction idea is: by analyzing the
relationship between the derivatives of the reconstruction polynomials
of the candidate stencils and the reconstruction polynomials of the
global stencil,and then calculating the $L^2$-norm approximation of
the linear combination of the derivatives of the reconstruction
polynomials of all candidate stencils and the derivatives of the
reconstruction polynomials of the global stencil. Furthermore,a new
reference smoothness indicator (τ_{Re})is obtained,the newly
developed scheme is called WENO-Re scheme. A series of one-dimensional
and two-dimensional numerical examples show that the new scheme has
higher resolution and less dissipation than several recently improved
third-order WENO schemes.
Bursts of transposable elements and paleoclimate adaptation of fig wasps
Authors: Liu Jing , Miao Yun-Heng , Huang Da-Wei , Xiao Jinhua
Published: January 2024

The co-evolution of fig wasps with fig trees provide an excellent model
for studying ecological systems and adaptive evolution. Transposable
elements (TEs), as an important component of the genomes, are the
powerful driver for environmental adaptation of the organisms. Here, the
TEs in the genomes of six pollinator and five non-pollinator species
were analyzed in the characteristics of composition, historical burst
patterns, and their possible effects on the functions of conjunctive
genes. Compared with pollinators, non-pollinators’ TEs showed a
significant burst state with more types, longer lengths, and higher
contents in the genomes, which might be related to their different
evolutionary and life histories, as well as their different sensitivity
to environmental changes. However, we identified a common TE burst peak
period of 32-34 Mya in both groups, highly consistent with the glacial
epoch of Eocene-Oligocene transition in geological history. Further
functional enrichment analysis of the genes within 1 Kb near the
insertion positions of TEs in the four geological periods representing
the major continental ice sheet growth or decay was demonstrated, and
the results showed that large amount of TEs were inserted near genes
related to the environmental information processing, especially the
Circadian entrainment pathway. These TEs might act as cis-regulatory
modules to regulate the conjunctive genes in response to geo-climate
changes. These results revealed the molecular basis of the fig wasp’s
response to changes in the syconia microenvironment and paleoclimate
macroenvironment from the perspective of genomic TEs. Keywords:
transposable elements, fig wasp, adaptive evolution, geo-climate,
cis-regulatory modules
The evolving pattern of echocardiography- a case report of lymphoma-associated AL amyloidosis
Authors: Huang HJ , Lu Li
Published: January 2024

Echocardiography is considered as the first as well as the most
important diagnostic approach to identify patients living with cardiac
amyloidosis (CA). It is still not clear the evolution process of
echocardiography during the development of CA, leaving it extremely
difficult for clinicians to recognize patients who are suspected of CA
at an early stage. Here, we report a patient in his seventies diagnosed
with lymphoma-associated AL amyloidosis. The sequence of abnormal
changes in echocardiography included decreased left ventricular
diastolic function, pericardial effusion, left atrium expansion,
ventricular septal thickening, left ventricular posterior wall
thickening, right atrium expansion, and decreased cardiac function. A
decrease in left ventricular diastolic function and pericardial effusion
occurred 3 months prior to a thickening in interventricular septum. Once
suspected, 2D-STE examination is highly recommended in the early
diagnosis of CA.
External Auditory Canal Obstruction due to Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Angiofibromas: Clinical Experience
Authors: İşlek Akif , Şimşek Sadullah
Published: January 2024

Introduction Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is characterized by
hamartomas or angiofibroma in various organs, and numerous papules or
nodules that are typically located on the cheeks, nose, and chin
specifically. External auditory canal (EAC) involvement of TSC was not
reported and is a challenging issue due to external otitis and
conductive hear loss besides aesthetical complaint. This report aimed to
examine the effectiveness of surgery for the functional and aesthetic
management of the TSC for EAC involvement. Patient and Method A
31-year-old male patient with left auricular mass and ear fullness was
presented. The patient’s history and family history were compatible with
TSC. On physical examination, the total obstruction of EAC was detected
due to TSC angiofibroma. Surgical excision and meatoplasty with
preauricular fasciocutaneous island flap performed to manage EAC
angiofibroma. The pathology specimen was histopathologically diagnosed
as angiofibroma. Conclusion Auricula and EAC involvement in TSC related
angiofibroma a rare and specific pathology due to the aesthetic and
functional feature of the ear. Surgical excision for this clinical
entity provides satisfactory management even if it was not routinely
recommended for other skin lesions.
Sexually-selected male weapon increases the risk of population extinction under environmental change: an experimental evidence
Authors: Radwan Jacek , Łukasiewicz Aleksandra , Niśkiewicz Małgorzata
Published: January 2024

Exaggerated sexually-selected traits, occurring more commonly in males,
help individuals to increase reproductive success, but are costly to
produce and maintain. These costs on the one hand may improve population
fitness by intensifying selection against maladapted males, but on the
other hand may increase the risk of extinction under environmental
challenge. However, the impact of sexually selected traits on extinction
risk have not been investigated experimentally. We used replicate
populations of a male-dimorphic mite, Rhizoglyphus robini, to test if
prevalence of an elaborate, sexually-selected weapon affected the risk
of extinction under gradual temperature increase (20C per generation).
As temperature increased, individual survival decreased, but this effect
was much more dramatic in populations with high weapon prevalence,
compared to populations in which weapon expression was low.
Consequently, the former was significantly more prone to extinction than
the latter, with 75% vs 8% populations going extinct, respectively.
Extinctions occurred despite partial suppression of the weapon
expression at increased temperature, and were not explained by increased
male mortality. Our results provide the first, to our knowledge,
experimental evidence demonstrating dramatic effect of elaborated sexual
traits on the risk of extinction under environmental challenge.
Predictable factors for planning a fitting strategy for people with asymmetrical hearing loss wearing a hearing aid in the worse ear only.
Authors: Noh Heil , Lee Dong-Hee
Published: January 2024

Objectives: In patients with bilateral asymmetrical hearing loss (AHL)
where only one hearing aid is available, it is difficult to decide which
ear to amplify. The aims of this study were to evaluate the outcomes of
hearing-aid use for AHL patients fitted with a hearing aid in their
worse ear only. Design: Retrospective study. Setting:
Secondary-referral, university-based hospital. Participants: 102 adults
with asymmetrical mixed or sensorineural hearing loss. AHL was
classified into three subgroups: unilateral hearing loss (UHL), and
asymmetrical hearing loss type 1 (AHL1) and type 2 (AHL2). Main outcome
measures: (1) The time for wearing a hearing aid, (2) the hearing in
noise test (HINT)), (3) sound localization test, and (4) the Korean
version of the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids
(IOI-HA). Results: The 1 kHz-hearing threshold of the better ear was
significantly better in the intermittent users than in the successful
users for UHL. Among the etiologies of AHL, sudden hearing loss was
associated with significantly better outcomes of hearing-aid use for
AHL, UHL, and AHL1 patients. Younger age was associated with
significantly better outcomes for AHL and AHL2. Conclusions: The results
indicate the importance of good hearing at 1 kHz in the better ear when
counseling UHL patients who will receive a monaural hearing aid in their
worse ear. We also suggest that clinicians should recommend a monaural
hearing aid for the worse ear to younger patients with AHL, especially
in cases of sudden hearing loss.
Infective endocarditis: a prospective registry of surgical lesions
Authors: Ranchordas Sara , Madeira Márcio , Oliveira Paulo , Marques Marta , Abecasis Miguel , Andrade Maria João , Sousa-Uva Miguel , José Neves
Published: January 2024

Background/aim of study: Infective endocarditis (IE) morbidity
and mortality remains high. In most studies, endocarditis lesions found
during surgery are not extensively described. The aim of this study was
to register and describe endocarditis lesions found during surgery; find
predictors of morbidity and mortality and correlate lesions found in
echocardiogram vs. surgery. Methods: One hundred consecutive
cases with endocarditis lesions seen during surgery were included
between june 2014 and august 2018. Pathological lesions were coded
prospectively using a coding form published by Pettersson et al. Other
data were collected retrospectively. Results: Prosthetic
endocarditis accounted for 23% of cases. Embolic events had occurred in
41% of cases, mainly to the brain (22%). The most frequent lesions
found in echocardiogram were vegetations (77%). Vegetations and valve
integrity anomalies were the main lesions described during surgery (70%
and 71% respectively). Invasion was present in 39% of patients.
In-hospital mortality was 9%. In univariable analysis, predictors of
early mortality included chronic kidney disease (p= 0.005), prosthetic
endocarditis (p< 0.001), Euroscore II (p< 0.001) and
valve integrity anomalies (p= 0.016). Predictors of embolic events
included aortic valve vegetations seen during surgery (p= 0.026).
Sensitivity and specificity of echocardiogram findings for
identification of vegetations were 84% and 40%, for valve integrity
anomalies 42% and 97% and for invasion 54% and 95% respectively.
Conclusions: Diversity of lesions found in endocarditis
preclude obtaining significant predictors of morbidity or mortality with
small numbers of patients. Echocardiogram lacks sensitivity for valve
integrity anomalies and invasion, but is highly specific.
DFT, NBO and TD-DFT investigations for 1,2,4-triazine derivatives.
Authors: Sakr Mahmoud , Kana Maram Abou
Published: January 2024

In this manuscript, we report four series for 1,2,4-triazine derivatives
as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Density functional theory (DFT)
methods via utilizing Becke’s three-parameter functional and
LeeeYangeParr functional (B3LYP) level with 6-31G (d, p) basis set to
investigate their modeling molecular structures. Optimized molecular
structures for studied molecular structures are obtained using
DFT/B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) method. In addition to, the time-dependant
density functional theory (TD-DFT) is used to study the optoelectronic
properties and absorption spectra using DFT/CAM-B3LYP/ 6-31G ++ (d, p)
level in the Gaussian 09 program. The highest occupied molecular orbital
(HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), energy gap (Eg),
light harvest efficiency (LHE) and open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the
studied molecular structures are calculated and illustrated. These
properties indicating that these molecular modeling structures as good
candidates for utilize in organic DSSCs.
The back-scratch test as a quick and easy clinical tool for the early detection of the risk of caesarean section and oxytocin administration during labour. The GESTAFIT project
Authors: Aparicio Virginia A , Castro-Piñero José , Coll-Risco Irene , Jiménez Nuria Marín , Garcia Laura Baena
Published: January 2024

Objective. To determine the ability of the back-scratch test during
early second trimester of pregnancy to predict the odd of caesarean
section and the need of oxytocin administration to induce or stimulate
labour. Design. Longitudinal study. Population or sample: Pregnant women
from the GESTAFIT Project (n=157). Main Outcome Measures. Maternal
upper-body flexibility was assessed at 16th gestational week through the
back-scratch test. Type of birth and oxytocin administration was
registered from the obstetric medical records. Results. The receiver
operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the back-scratch
test was able to discriminate between vaginal and caesarean section
deliveries (area under the curve [AUC]=0.672 (95% confidence
interval [CI]:0.60-0.77, p=0.002)). The AUC to establish the ability
of the back-scratch test to detect the need of oxytocin administration
was 0.682 (95% CI:0.59-0.78, p=0.001). In the adjusted model, a
back-scratch test score <4.1 centimetres was associated to
~4 times greater increased odd ratio of having a
caesarean section (95% CI:1.7-10.2, p=0.002). A back-scratch test score
<3.6 centimetres was associated to ~5 times
greater increased odd ratio of requiring exogenous oxytocin
administration (95% CI:2.0-11.6, p=0.001). Conclusion. The back-scratch
test discriminates pregnant women with greater risk of caesarean section
from those with a vaginal delivery, and among those that will require
oxytocin from those that will not. The early identification of pregnant
women who fail to meet the suggested standards can help to easily,
quickly and cheaply identify these relevant birth-related complications
in order to initiate preventive strategies. Keywords. Pregnant woman,
upper-body flexibility, labour, obstetric risk.
Enhancement of Biogas Production from Cattle Manure in a Combined Microbial Electrolysis Cell and Anaerobic Digestion System
Authors: Dalkilic Kenan , Ugurlu Aysenur
Published: January 2024

This study investigates the biogas production from cattle manure in a
combined microbial electrolysis cell and anaerobic digestion system
(MEC+AD). The MEC+AD reactors were operated on semi continuous mode
under different voltage applications and different organic loading rates
varying from 7 g VS/L.d to 30 g VS/L.d. The study was carried out in two
parts. In the first part, combined MEC+AD system and conventional
anaerobic digestion were compared in terms of biogas production and
organic removal performances at hydraulic retention times of 5, 4, and 3
days to see the effects of voltage application. In the second part,
MEC+AD reactors were operated under different voltage applications (0.3,
0.6, and 1.0 V) and organic loading rates at constant hydraulic
retention time of 2 days. In terms of biogas production and organic
removal rate, MEC+AD reactors were superior to anaerobic control reactor
owing to the voltage application. The biogas production of MEC+AD
reactors increased from 1.75 to 5.13 L/L/d (71.6-77.8 % CH4) with the
increase in organic loading rate. On the other hand, the highest methane
yield (0.217 L/g VS) was observed at the lowest organic loading rate of
6.72 g VS/L/d at 5 days hydraulic retention time. The effect of
different voltages was not significant in the reactors due to the
similar biogas productions and organic removal rates. MEC+AD reactors
still operated efficiently even at the highest organic loading rate of
30 g VS/L/d without any instability problem.
Impact of dexmedetomidine on hyperparathyroidism recurrence in uremic patients undergoing parathyroidectomy: a retrospective propensity-matched study
Authors: Wu Yun , Han Wei , Li Peikun , Hu Xianwen , Zhang Ye
Published: January 2024

Aims Recurrence of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) remains a big
challenge in uremic patients who underwent total parathyroidectomy with
auto-transplantation (tPTX-AT). However, the relationship between
perioperative intervention and recurrence of SHPT remains unclear.
Dexmedetomidine has been used safely and effectively in uremic patients’
anesthesia. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of
dexmedetomidine on the recurrence of SHPT and speculate the possible
mechanism of action. Methods Records of patients who underwent tPTX-AT
between 2017 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The study consisted
of patients who received dexmedetomidine intra-operatively and the
controls were patients who did not receive dexmedetomidine. The primary
endpoint was the difference in the recurrence of SHPT one year after
surgery between the two groups. The secondary endpoint was
health-related quality of life scores. Analysis included propensity
score matching and multivariable logistic regression. Results Of 354
patients, 133 had received dexmedetomidine intraoperatively, and the
total recurrence rate of SHPT was 10.2%. After propensity score
matching, patients who received dexmedetomidine had a 3.80-fold
decreased risk of SHPT recurrence (odds ratio, 0.263; 95% confidence
interval, 0.081 to 0.854; P=0.026) and exhibited a better quality of
life in terms of physical functioning and general health, and less
emotional role limitations compared with those in control group.
Conclusion In uremic patients who received tPTX-AT, there was an
association between dexmedetomidine use and decreased risk of SHPT
recurrence. However, further studies are needed to accurately assess the
effects and mechanism of action of dexmedetomidine on the prognosis of
this population.
Nitidine chloride induces cardiac hypertrophy in mice by targeting autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase
Authors: Hong Yang , Xu Wanqing , Feng Jing , Han Lou , Liu Heng , Wang Lei , Cui Hao , Jiang Lintong , Xu Ranchen , Xu Henghui , Xie Minzhen , Wang Qi , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Nitidine chloride (NC) is a standard active
component of a traditional Chinese medicine Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.)
DC. (ZN). NC has certain toxic effects which make it a potential
anti-tumor monomer. However, the cardiotoxicity of anti-tumor drugs has
been a concern, the cardiotoxicity of NC has not been reported. Thus, we
aimed to investigate the cardiotoxicity of NC and elucidate its
mechanism of action. Experimental Approach: The aqueous extract of ZN
was administered intraperitoneally to rats, and NC was similarly
administered to beagles and mice once daily for 4 weeks. Cardiac
function was assessed by echocardiography while NC-induced changes in
cardiac signaling pathways were investigated using proteomics and
western blot. To investigate the mechanism of NC-induced toxicity,
adeno-associated virus 9-autophagy-related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B)
was injected into mice. Corresponding in vitro experiments were
performed. Key Results: ZN and NC induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats
and mice, respectively. Beagle death resulted from NC was mediated by
NC-induced changes to mitochondrial components and peptidase activity of
the heart. Consistently, we observed reduced cardiac autophagy levels in
NC-treated mice. Specifically, we found that ATG4B may be a potential
target of NC as the overexpression of ATG4B reversed cardiac hypertrophy
and reduced autophagy levels observed in NC-treated mice. Conclusion and
Implications: ZN resulted in cardiac hypertrophy in rats. NC induced
cardiac hypertrophy via ATG4B-mediated downregulation of autophagy in
mice. Thus, this study provides guidance for the safe clinical
application of ZN and the use of NC as an anti-tumor drug.
Clinical evidence and risk factors for reproductive disorders caused by bacterial infections in meat goats, north-eastern Thailand
Authors: Rerkyusuke Sarinya , Lerk-u-suke Sawarin , Sirimalaisuwan Anucha
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to identify risk factors related to
reproductive disorders caused by bacterial infections in goats in
north-eastern Thailand. Two hundred and twenty farms were investigated,
and 49 herds were found to have clinical reproductive disorders.
Moreover, 96% (47/49) of herds showing clinical reproductive failure
preferred to circulate bucks between herds. A total of 118 sera,
including 85 clinical reproductive disorders cases such as abortion
(n=70), abortion with arthritis (n=1), orchitis (n=3), repeat breeder
(n=6), sterile (n=1) and weak kids (n=4) and 33 bucks’ circulation were
serologically tested for bacterial infections caused by Coxiella
burnetii, Chlamydophila abortus and Brucella spp. Results
showed 69% (81/118 cases) were seropositive for Q fever (n=55;
46.61%), brucellosis (n=8; 6.78) and chlamydiosis (n=18; 15.25%),
respectively; 82% of herds (40/49 herds) were infected with at least
one of those diseases. Moreover, 40% of infected herds (16/40) had
co-infection between three of those diseases. Approximately 60% (20/33)
of buck circulation showed seropositivity to at least one of the
diseases, and 85% of infected bucks were seropositive for Q fever
(17/20). Buck circulation between herds is a risk factor for diseases on
farms ( p=0.001); odds ratio [OR] = 109.29; 95% confidence
interval [CI] = 6.61–1,807.38). Moreover, the annual brucellosis
test is a protective factor against reproductive failure cases on farms
( p=0.022; OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.23–0.89). Reproductive
disorder cases can be caused by sexual transmission, so buck circulation
can yield Q fever, brucellosis and chlamydiosis in communities. This
investigation is the first report of chlamydiosis infection in our area.
Concerning Q fever, chlamydiosis and brucellosis are zoonotic diseases
that impact animal health and production losses. Control and prevention
measures related to risk factors together with active surveillance
programs should be incorporated into client education.
Interrogating ‘Round Ligament Pain’ and introducing ‘Pregnancy-Related Abdominal Wall Neuropathy’: a cohort study.
Authors: Twidale Emily , Ahmad Hashilah Husaimee , Halpin Shannon , Price Hannah
Published: January 2024

Objective: 1. Measure pregnant people’s experience of unexplained
abdominal pain, their recognition of ‘Round Ligament Pain’ (RLP) and
whether medical carers are providing this education. 2. Describe the
features of participants’ unexplained abdominal pain and their crossover
with those of abdominal wall pain (AWP), a treatable condition. Design:
Prospective observational cohort. Setting: Single antenatal clinic in
New Zealand. Population: 203 pregnant adults over 20 weeks’ gestation.
Method: Written questionnaire. Main Outcome Measures: Presence of
unexplained abdominal pain in pregnancy, knowledge of RLP, source of
information on RLP and the descriptors participants used for their pain.
Results: Objective 1. The majority had experienced unexplained abdominal
pain in pregnancy (68.5%). Recognition of RLP was common (54%). Those
with unexplained abdominal pain had an odds ratio of 9.23 of citing a
medical carer as their RLP information source when compared to those
without pain (95% CI 3.5-24.4). Objective 2. Most participants used
multiple AWP descriptors, with a mean number of 4.06/10 (95% CI
3.71-4.41). Descriptors with the highest frequency of clustering with
others were “pain worsened by lightly pushing on the painful area”
(6.71/10, 95% CI 5.94–7.49), followed by “when in pain, sensation
over the painful area feels different” (5.78/10, 95% CI 4.68-6.88).
Conclusions: Unexplained abdominal pain in pregnancy is common and
medical carers continue to cite RLP. Our participants’ unexplained
abdominal pain shared many historical features with AWP. Funding: Nil
sought. Keywords: Round ligament pain, abdominal wall pain, Anterior
Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES), Pregnancy-Related Abdominal
Wall Neuropathy (PRAWN), neuropathic pain.
Chromosome-level genome assemblies of two cereal aphids, Metopolophium dirhodum and Schizaphis graminum, provides insights into wing dimorphism
Authors: Zhu Bin , Wei Rui , Hua WenJuan , Yan Juncheng , Zhang Wenlin , Liang Pei , Gao Xiwu
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT The rose-grain aphid Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) and
the greenbug Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera:
Aphididae), are two destructive aphid pests for cereals worldwide. Some
studies have examined the biological and ecological characteristics of
these two aphid species, however, the lack of genomic data limits
in-depth studies of these two organisms. Here, we present the
chromosome-level genome assemblies of M. dirhodum and S.
graminum using PacBio long HiFi reads and Hi-C technology. The final
genome assembly for M. dirhodum is 447.8 Mb, with 98.50% of the
assembled sequences anchored to nine chromosomes. The contig and
scaffold N50 values are 7.82 Mb and 37.54 Mb, respectively. A total of
18,003 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 92.05% were
functionally annotated. The final genome assembly for S. graminum
is 476.1 Mb, with 99.08% of the assembled sequences anchored to six
chromosomes. The contig and scaffold N50 values are 21.59 Mb and 99.65
Mb, respectively. A total of 24,368 protein-coding genes were predicted,
of which 94.21% were functionally annotated. Comparative transcriptomic
analyses identified a number of genes that might be related to wing
dimorphism in M. dirhodum, including the insulin receptor,
insulin receptor substrate, forkhead box protein O (Foxo), and ecdysone
receptor. These results may provide important references for
understanding the ecology, genetics, and evolution of these two
organisms or even other aphid insects.
Flowering resources modulate sensitivity to a common fungicide in Bombus terrestris
Authors: Wintermantel Dimitry , Pereira-Peixoto Maria-Helena , Warth Nadja , Melcher Kristin , Faller Michael , Feurer Joachim , Allan Matthew , Dean Robin , Tamburini Giovanni , Knauer Anina , Schwarz Janine , Albrecht Matthias , Klein Alexandra
Published: January 2024

Bees are exposed to various stressors, including pesticides and lack of
flowering resources. Despite potential interactions between these
stressors, the impacts of pesticides on bees are generally assumed to be
consistent across bee-attractive crops, and regulatory risk assessments
of pesticides neglect interactions with flowering resources. We assessed
the interactive impacts of the globally used azoxystrobin-based
fungicide Amistar and three types of flowering resources (purple tansy,
buckwheat, and a floral mix) on Bombus terrestris colonies in a
full-factorial semi-field experiment with 39 large flight cages.
Fungicide exposure through purple tansy monocultures reduced population
(colony) growth, production of males, and adult worker body mass, while
Amistar had no impact on colonies in buckwheat or floral mix cages.
Furthermore, buckwheat monocultures hampered survival and fecundity
irrespective of fungicide exposure. This shows that flowering resources
modulate pesticide impacts and that B. terrestris requires access to
complementary flowers to gain both fitness and fungicide tolerance.
Characterization of Brucella spp., and other abortigenic pathogens from aborted tissues of cattle and goats in Rwanda
Authors: Ntivuguruzwa Jean Bosco , Kolo Francis , Mwikarago Emil Ivan , Heerden Henriette van
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to characterize Brucella spp., and other
abortigenic pathogens from aborted tissues of cattle from five selected
districts of Rwanda. For cattle, aborted tissues (n=19) were collected,
cultured, and Brucella spp. were detected using genus-specific
16S-23S ribosomal DNA interspacer region (ITS) assay and further
speciated using AMOS and Bruce-ladder PCR assays. Brucella
negative samples were screened using eight abortion pathogens PCR panel
( Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bovine Herpesvirus 4,
Campylobacter fetus, Chlamydophila spp., Coxiella
burnetti, Leptospira spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and
Salmonella spp.). samples from an abortion outbreak that occurred
within a goat tribe in the Nyagatare district were included in this
investigation. Sera of females (n=8), and males (n=2) were analysed
using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT), and indirect enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA), while vaginal swabs (n=3), and aborted
tissues (n=1) were cultured and characterized. The ITS-PCR detected
Brucella DNA in cultures from two aborted tissues of cattle
[10.5%, (2/19)] which were identified as B. melitensis
(n=1), and B. abortus (n=1) using AMOS and Bruce-ladder PCR
assays. Campylobacter fetus (n=7) and Leptospira spp.
(n=4) including co-infections (n=2) of C. fetus and
Leptospira spp. were identified with the PCR panel from the
Brucella negative samples of cattle. Goats (100.0%, 10/10) were
brucellosis seropositive on RBT and i-ELISA. Mixed infections caused by
B. melitensis and B. abortus were isolated from the
vaginal swabs (n=3) and aborted tissues (n=1). The isolation of both
B. abortus and B. melitensis indicated cross-infections
and mixed livestock farming in Rwanda. This is the first identification
of abortion-associated pathogens ( B. abortus, B.
melitensis, C. fetus, and Leptospira spp.) in aborted
cattle samples in Rwanda indicating the enormous financial losses to
cattle owners and a threat to public health. It is therefore essential
to include these identified pathogens in the surveillance scheme of
veterinary and human services, and raise the awareness of caretakers,
abattoir workers, and laboratory personnel.
DNA Digital Data Storage: Coding Theory Approach Using Kernel Code
Authors: G NallappaBhavithran , R Selvakumar
Published: January 2024

In the proposed DNA-based storage system, the sequence of information
taken from the finite abelian group is mapped onto DNA codewords. The
homomorphic properties of the mapping address the storage problems
(GC-content, Reverse compliment).
Late reversible complete atrioventricular block and PR interval normalization occurring after an antegrade slow pathway ablation for the treatment of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia with pre-existing PR prolongation
Authors: Honda Nobuhiro , Takahara Yusuke , Oga Yasuhiko , Idemitsu Reina , Inoue Shujiro , Mukai Yasushi
Published: January 2024

Although late complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) is especially rare
as periprocedural complication of atrioventricular nodal re-entrant
tachycardia treatment, this complication can necessitate permanent
pacemaker implantation. The present case is that this late CAVB can be
caused only during periprocedural period by the indirect or functional
effects on the fast pathway of AV node because this case has paroxysmal
supra-ventricular tachycardia with pre-existing PR prolongation, and the
PR prolongation improved within normal PR interval after curing of the
late CAVB. Further, when the late CAVB occurs within a few weeks after
ablation, such bradyarrhythmia as periprocedural complication may be
reversible and indication of a permanent pacemaker implantation should
be carefully considered.
Economic and Social Burden of Childhood Cancer: An Experience from Bangladesh.
Authors: Rahman Syed , Variyath Swetha , Yateem Nabeel , Marzouqi Amina , Subu Muhammad
Published: January 2024

Background: The annual incidence of pediatric cancer in Bangladesh is
around 9,000 cases per year. Over 80% of children die without proper
diagnosis and adequate treatment. No systematic study has investigated
the scale and nature of the socio-economic problems faced by these
families on a day-to-day basis. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional
exploratory study among 54 families in Bangladesh who had children with
cancer. Results: Majority children were male (n=39, 72.2%) and most
(n=38, 70.4%) were aged 6–15 years. The most common diagnosis was
acute lymphocytic leukemia (n=25, 46.3%), followed by blood cancer
(n=20, 37%). Many parents had stopped working because of their child’s
cancer diagnosis (n=28, 51.9%). Seventeen (31.50%) families had a
monthly income of USD 117–188; however, many families (n=21, 38.90%)
spent more per month (e.g., USD 471–1,179) for their child’s treatment
than their monthly income. Low income and high expenditure placed
families under financial pressure as no external financial support was
available to meet these costs. Participants also reported psychological
issues such as anxiety, depression, and feelings of isolation. Social
issues were also of concerns, including avoidance by others because of
fear, lack of awareness about cancer, stigma in rural communities, and
low quality of facilities. Conclusion: This study revealed that
childhood cancer has a substantial impact on parents’ socioeconomic
status, and many families face financial, social, and psychological
challenges. This highlights the need for urgent collaborative action to
address these problems.
ERECTA family proteins: the bridge in plant aerial morphogenesis
Authors: Jiang HengKe , Chen YuHui , Liu YuHan , Shang Jing , Sun Xin , Du Jun-Bo
Published: January 2024

Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) were found to participate in multiple
signaling pathways and are considered one of the most critical parts of
the early event of intercellular signaling. Of the many, the ERECTA
family (ERf) consists of three genes: ERECTA, ERL1and ERL2. Each of the
three genes can combine with other proteins to regulate multiple
signaling pathways from plant growth, development, and environmental
adaptation. Although it is indispensable, the detailed information about
ERf manipulated signaling pathways is still largely elusive. Here we are
tempted to summarize the essential roles of ERf in aerial morphogenesis,
including shoot apical meristem, stem, and reproductive organ
development. This review would provide better insights into the role of
ERf in modulating several intercellular signaling pathways.
First-in-Human Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Drug with Therapeutic Potential for Vascular Dementia, Naoqingzhiming Tablet: Results from Single Ascending Doses studies in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Lin Ping-ping , Tao Ye , Sun Feifei , Jiang Xin , Li Ting , Liu Xin , Chen Mingxia , Jiang Haiyan , Yan Fanli , Han Yahui , Cao Yu
Published: January 2024

Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety,
tolerability and pharmacokinetics of single ascending doses of
Naoqingzhiming tablet after oral administration in healthy Chinese
subjects. Methods: This study adopted randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled dose ascending trial design. Healthy Chinese subjects
were sequentially enrolled into one of six cohorts (180, 360, 720, 1080,
1620, 2160 mg). Blood samples were collected at specified time
intervals, and the plasma concentrations of echinacoside were determined
by a validated LC–MS/MS method. PK parameters were estimated via
non-compartmental methods. Tolerability was evaluated by monitoring
adverse events (AEs), physical examination, laboratory assays, vital
signs, and 12-lead ECG. Results: The single ascending dose of
Naoqingzhiming tablet (180-2160 mg) were well tolerated in all enrolled
subjects, without serious adverse events and adverse events leading to
withdrawal from the study. After single-dose administration of
Naoqingzhiming tablet, echinacoside was absorbed with a Tmax at
1.25-1.75 h and declined with a t1/2 of 2.42-3.33 h. However, the
proportionality coefficients for Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of echinacoside
were not fully contained in the pre-defined 90 % CI criterion
(0.91-1.09). As a result, the dose proportionality could not be
concluded statistically within the dosage range of this study.
Conclusion: Our study provided the initial safety, tolerability and
pharmacokinetic profiles of Naoqingzhiming tablet, and could enable
further clinical development in vascular dementia patients.
Assessment of daily Streamflow, Sediment fluxes, and Erosion rate of a pro-glacial stream basin, Central Himalaya, Uttarakhand.
Authors: Rautela Kuldeep Singh , Kuniyal Jagdish , Alam M.A. , Bhoj Ajay Singh , Kanwar Nidhi
Published: January 2024

Reliable information of hydrological processes within a river basin is
essentially required for developing an appropriate strategy for
achieving sustainable development goals. The present study assesses the
streamflow of a pro-glacial stream and also intends to estimate the
contribution of suspended sediments, erosion rate, and the headwater
contribution of the Panchachuli glacier. A field study during ablation
period has been carried out to measure streamflow, Suspended Sediment
Concentration (SSC) and further HBV model has been used for the
estimation of the snowmelt. The measured average seasonal streamflow and
SSC for the basin were 7.17 m /s, 1.52 g/l, and 6.84
m /s, 1.21 g/l during the gauging period (July to
October) for the year 2018 and 2019. Snowmelt contribution in total
streamflow was 54.75% which is reduced to 49.16% in 2019. Similarly,
glacier melt contributes to 32.62% of its share in total runoff in
2018. This glacier melt contribution again was reduced to 28.73 % in
2019. The rainfall runoff contributes to 12.62% of its share in total
runoff during 2018 and 2019. Rainfall runoff showed increased share of
22.13% in its total runoff contribution. The streamflow, SSC, and
Suspended Sediment Load (SSL) show a strong positive correlation for
both years. The SSY, SSL, and erosion rate of the basin are found as
high as compared to the other Himalayan basins situated in Himachal
Pradesh, Kashmir, and Ladakh, and non-Himalayan regions, while founded
as low when compared to the glaciers presented in the Uttarakhand.
Management of ECPELLA during mitral valve replacement in patients with cardiogenic shock due to post-infarct papillary muscle rupture.
Authors: Takagi Kazuyoshi , Shojima Takahiro , Kono Takanori , Kikusaki Satoshi , Honma Takehiro , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Otsuka Maki , Fukumoto Yoshihiro , Tayama Eiki
Published: January 2024

Papillary muscle rupture is a fatal complication with a high operative
mortality rate of 13–40%. Most patients experience cardiogenic shock
and hypoxia due to pulmonary edema caused by severe mitral
regurgitation. Although preoperative stabilization using a mechanical
assist device potentially improves surgical outcomes, an appropriate
strategy has not yet been established. ECPELLA is a useful mechanical
circulatory support (MCS) strategy, combining venoarterial
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and Impella®, and potentially
increases cardiac output and tissue perfusion and improves left
ventricular distension and oxygenation in patients with refractory
cardiogenic shock. Herein, we present our surgical technique involving
the successful management of ECPELLA during surgery in patients with
papillary muscle rupture.
HIGH-THROUGHPUT ANALYSIS OF FLAVONOIDS FROM MEDITERRANEAN SPECIES OF OREGANO AGAINST THE ZIKA NS2B-NS3 PROTEASE TO FIND THERAPEUTIC INHIBITORS FOR ZIKV INFECTION.
Authors: Ghosh Anushikha , Sanyal Arka , Sharma Sameer
Published: January 2024

Zika virus is an arthropod-borne virus that transmitted through various
mosquito vectors and containing structural and non-structural proteins
in their genome assembly. It is an emerging infectious disease causing
very serious complications such as Microcephaly in infants and
Guillain–Barré syndrome in adults. After analyzing the previous
studies, we have targeted the NS2B-NS3 protease that serves as an
effective drug target owing to its role in viral replication and immune
evasion within the host. The main objective of the study is to find out
the best compound(s) against ZIKA virus that can inhibit the
transmission cycles as well as the replication process. We have
subjected selected 20 Flavonoids from various Origanum species
found in the Mediterranean regions and performed pharmacological
analysis using SwissADME followed by the Molecular Docking studies using
AutoDock Vina 4.0. The best hit compound after docking analysis were
subjected to molecular dynamic simulation at 100 ns using Desmond
Schrodinger to analyze the stability of molecule. After pharmacological
analysis and molecular docking analysis, Isovitexin and Cirsiliol were
observed to be best hit compound against NS2B-NS3 complex i.e. (-8.8
kcal/mol and -8.5 kcal/mol). Both the hit compounds were subjected to
dynamic studies where they also exposed the better stability with the
complex and inhibiting the replicating molecules observed through
ligand-protein contacts. In the present study, we recommend both the hit
compounds for in vitro and in vivo study for further investigation with
respect to ZIKA virus.
Birth trauma in preterm vaginal and cesarean section deliveries: A 10-years retrospective study
Authors: Luca Alina , Vinturache Angela , Ilea Ciprian , Avasiloaiei Andreea , Paduraru Luminita , Carauleanu Alexandru , Scripcariu Sadydie , Socolov Demetra
Published: January 2024

Objective: We compared birth injuries for vaginal (VD) and caesarean
section (CS) deliveries in preterm and term pregnancies. Study design:
10-year retrospective study of singleton pregnancies delivered after 24
0/7 weeks, in a single tertiary center, between January 1st, 2007, and
December 31st, 2017. Multivariable analyses compared trauma at birth,
birth hypoxia and birth asphyxia in term and preterm deliveries,
stratified by mode of birth, VD versus CS. Results: The incidence of
preterm deliveries was 10.9 %. Delivery of preterm babies by CS
increased from 37.0% in 2007 to 60.0% in 2017. The overall incidence
of all birth trauma was 16.2 %. When stratified by mode of delivery,
birth trauma was recorded in 23.4 % in vaginal deliveries and 7.5 % in
CS deliveries (aOR 3.3, 95 %CI 3.1-3.5). Incidence of trauma at birth
was higher after 28 weeks gestation in VD compared to CS (28-31 weeks,
aOR 1.7, 95 % CI 1.3-2.3; 32-36 weeks, aOR 4.2, 95 % CI 3.6-4.9;
>37 weeks, aOR 3.3, 95% CI 3.1-3.5). There was no
difference in birth trauma before 28 weeks gestation between VD and CS
(aOR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5-1.2). Conclusion: CS is not protective of injury
at birth. When all types of birth trauma are considered, these are more
common in VD, thus favoring CS as preferred method of delivery to avoid
trauma at birth. However, when stratified by severity of birth trauma,
preterm babies delivered vaginally are not at higher risk of major birth
trauma than those delivered by CS.
Cosmetic effects of Anti-epileptic drugs ( AEDs)
Authors: Siddig Amira , Ahmed Abbasher Mohamed , Ahmed Khabab Mohamed , Omer Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla
Published: January 2024

Objective : Adverse effects are leading causes of treatment failure with
antiepileptic drugs(AEDs).We studied the cosmetic effects of AEDs and
their association with medications adherence and quality of life .
Methods : The study was performed on Sudanese epilepsy patients
attending Daoud charity (June-September2014).Five main variables were
used(1)Cosmetic effects profile;(2)Morisky Medication Adherence
Scale(MMAS-8);(3)WHO Quality of Life Brief-26;(4)Socio-demographic
data,and (5)Epilepsy related data. A senior neurologist assessed the
cosmetic effects through clinical examination of the patients. Consents
have been obtained from all patients. Results: Out of 420 patients male
were (54.15%) and female were (45.85%),mean age 34.1+-10.4 years. Hair
loss was the most commonly reported cosmetic effect by female patients
(75%) who were taking sodium valproate.(26.2%)of patients had weight
gain and none of them thought weight gain is an adverse effect. Neither
of life score, nor adherence score were correlated with any of the
cosmetic effects of AEDs (P>0.05).A significant positive
correlations was found between the duration from the last attack and the
quality of life score (P=0.03). The Gum overgrowth was correlated with
hirsutism and Acne(P>0.05). Significance : We concluded
that our patients prioritize medications intake in spite of the presence
of cosmetic effects, and this-together with absence of association
between quality of life and the cosmetic effect-may be attributed to
different Sudanese patients perception to these cosmetic effects from
other populations in addition to the unique Sudanese culture.
Ocean currents may influence the endolithic bacterial composition in coral skeletons
Authors: Liu Po-Yu , Yang Sung-Yin , Lu Chih-Ying , Wada Naohisa , Palmas Stephane De , Yeh Shu-Shuo , Yamashiro Hideyuki , Tang Sen-Lin , Yang Shan-Hua
Published: January 2024

Some endolithic microbes, such as aerobic green algae and anaerobic
bacteria, can synthesize nutrients in their coral host’s skeleton that
the host relies on. Previous studies have found that the endolithic
microbial constitution of a single coral species can have
biogeographical diversity. However, the potential environmental factors
related to the endolithic microbes remain unclear. In this study, we
used both amplicon sequence variants (ASV) and a kmer-based taxonomic
unit (KTU) to characterize the endolithic bacterial constitution of
Isopora spp. located in the western Pacific Ocean—where it is
subjected to the Kuroshio Current (in Okinawa, Japan and Green Island,
Taiwan)—and the South China Sea (Dongsha Atoll). The endolithic
bacterial community compositions showed a significant difference across
geologies, and we suggest that the ocean current and primary
productivity are the most essential environmental factors influencing
the bacterial communities in the skeleton of Isopora spp. In addition,
our results showed that, technically, compared to ASV, bacterial
composition based on KTU avoids extreme data, making it a suitable tool
for explaining the relationship between microbes and environmental
factors.
Incorporation of a Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping Algorithm in Patients with Clinical Stage I Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Wener Sarah , Gadomski Therese , Leung Tung Ming , Pereira Elena , Villella Jeaninne
Published: January 2024

Objective: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has emerged as an
alternative to complete lymph node dissection (PPALND) in the management
of endometrial cancers. The referenced data is published from
high-volume specialized institutions and PPALND is still performed by
many at smaller, non-specialized centers. Our aim is to demonstrate that
SLNB is feasible, reproducible, and sensitive without affecting
cancer-specific outcomes when implemented at a non-specialized center.
Setting: Patients with clinical stage I endometrial cancer were reviewed
from 2016 through 2020. Population: A total of 92 patients were
included: 69 stage IA, 12 stage IB, 3 stage II and 8 stage III.
Endometrioid (73%), followed by UPSC (15.0%), MMMT (5.0%) and CC
(4%). Methods: Endometrioid, uterine papillary serous (UPSC), malignant
mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT), and clear cell (CC) histologies were
included. Complete PPALND was performed for patients with MMMT, UPSC or
CC. Sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) were evaluated using ultra-staging
protocols. The medical record was queried for evidence of recurrence.
Results: A total of 92 patients were included: 69 stage IA, 12 stage IB,
3 stage II and 8 stage III (2 IIIA, 2 IIIC1, 4 IIIC2). At least one SLN
was detected in 95.4% of cases. The bilateral SLN detection was 74.3%
and improved from 2017-2019: 70%-80%. Non-SLN were positive in 3
patients, all with high-risk histology. There have been no recurrences
to date. Conclusions: Our results are comparable to the rates reported
in literature and demonstrate that when applied at non-specialized
centers this approach is safe and reproducible. Funding: None