bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of a thrips resistance QTL in different Capsicum backgrounds
Authors: van Haperen Pauline , Voorrips Roeland E. , Lucatti Alejandro F. , Schellart Wijnand , van Loon Joop J. A. , Vosman Ben
Published: November 2020

Thrips are a worldwide threat to Capsicum because they damage fruits, flowers and leaves directly by feeding, and indirectly by vectoring tospoviruses such as tomato spotted wilt virus. Therefore, growers would benefit from thrips-resistant varieties. Previously, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) that provides resistance to Frankliniella occidentalis has been identified. Here we explore the potential of this QTL for breeding thrips-resistant varieties by studying its effect on two thrips species (i.e. F. occidentalis and Thrips tabaci) in four different Capsicum annuum backgrounds. We observed differences in thrips resistance between different genetic backgrounds, both in plants that have the resistance allele for the QTL region in homozygous state as well as in plants with the susceptibility allele in homozygous state. This suggests the presence of factors in these backgrounds that either increase or reduce thrips resistance. Altogether, we confirmed the major effect of the QTL on thrips resistance in all four genetic backgrounds to both F. occidentalis and T. tabaci, thus showing its general applicability as a source for breeding thrips-resistant Capsicum varieties.
Socioeconomic Factors Determining Extraction of Non-timber Forest Products on the Slopes of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Hawa , Yanda Pius Z. , Kleyer Michael
Published: November 2020

Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) from natural forests in sub-Saharan Africa provide significant benefits to rural communities. In this study conducted on the foothills of Mt. Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, we assumed that the extraction of NTFPs by local communities is related to sex, income, age, household size, and distance from the forest. We interviewed 313 household heads from six villages. We employed a logistic regression with a logit link to test the significance among the variables. Younger females of larger households with lower income and less cultivated land cut fodder and collected firewood more frequently than other villagers. Firewood collection frequency decreased with increasing distance from village to forest whereas fodder collection frequency increased. Men collected medicinal plants more frequently than younger women and if the distance from the village was greater. For firewood and fodder extraction, inter-village variation was greater than intra-village variation, suggesting that differences in access to infrastructure and alternative fodder sites also strongly determined NTFP extraction. Our results contribute to a better targeted participatory forest management.
Crystal structure and vibrational spectra of salts of 1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine and its protonation route
Authors: Rejnhardt Piotr , Daszkiewicz Marek
Published: November 2020

Crystal structures of five salts of 1H-pyrazole-1-carboxamidine, PyCA, with various inorganic acids were determined, (HPyCA)Cl, (HPyCA)Cl·H2O, (HPyCA)Br, (HPyCA)2(I)I3, and (HPyCA)HSO4. Theoretical calculations of the protonation route of PyCA showed that the cationic form present in the studied crystals is energetically privileged. Tautomeric equilibrium constants indicated two isomers as the most stable neutral forms. Calculations for two other tautomers failed resulting in pyrazole and carbodiimid tautomer of cyanamide. Such decomposition is important in a view of guanylation reaction. Hydrogen bonding patterns were studied by means of the graph-set approach. Similarities of the patterns in different crystal structures were demonstrated by the algebraic relations between descriptors of the patterns. The strength of hydrogen bonding network in the crystals was assessed analyzing vibrational spectra. The bands were assigned on the basis of theoretical calculations for the complex [(HPyCA)2Cl4]2– ion and potential energy distribution analysis. The strength of hydrogen bonds was set in the following ascending series (HPyCA)2(I)I3 (4) < (HPyCA)Br (3) < (HPyCA)Cl (1) < (HPyCA)Cl·H2O (2) < (HPyCA)HSO4 (5).
Current Status and Issues Associated with Bariatric and Metabolic Surgeries in Japan
Authors: Oshiro Takashi , Kasama Kazunori , Nabekura Taiki , Sato Yu , Kitahara Tomoaki , Matsunaga Rie , Arai Motoaki , Kadoya Kengo , Nagashima Makoto , Okazumi Shinichi
Published: November 2020

Among Asian countries, laparotomic and laparoscopic bariatric surgeries were introduced in Japan after its establishment in Taiwan. However, despite high prevalence of potential patients with obesity and diabetes, the wider incorporation of surgery into treatment regimen has been stalling for decades in Japan. While the unique Japanese national health insurance system has guaranteed fair healthcare delivery, it might have worked as a barrier to the development of bariatric and metabolic surgeries (BMS). The present article reviews the status of BMS in Japan and discusses recent issues related to its use. To focus on and identify the major obstacles inhibiting the widespread use of BMS, we have comprehensively covered some major areas including the insurance system, surgical indication, accreditation and training system, original research, and national registry.
Deep-red emitting Mg2TiO4:Mn4+ phosphor ceramics for plant lighting
Authors: Wang Zixin , Lin Hui , Zhang Dawei , Shen Yiming , Li Yang , Hong Ruijin , Tao Chunxian , Han Zhaoxia , Chen Lei , Zhou Shengming
Published: November 2020

In this study, deep-red emitting Mg2TiO4:Mn4+ phosphor ceramics were synthesized by the high temperature solid-state reaction method. The ceramics can be excited by the 465 nm blue light and had a narrow emission with a full width at half maximum (FWMH) value of 31 nm. The peak wavelength was located at 658 nm, which matched the demanded wavelength for photosynthesis. The crystal field strength (Dq) and the Racah parameters (B and C) were estimated by the Tanabe-Sugano diagram. The thermal conductivity of the Mg2Ti(0.999)O4:0.001Mn4+ ceramic was 7.535 W/(m·K) at room temperature, which was one order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional packaging method using the silicone gel. A set of phosphor converted LEDs were fabricated by mounting the phosphor ceramics onto the 460 nm blue LED chips and the CIE coordinates can move from the blue region to the purple light region with the thickness of the ceramic increasing. These results indicated that the Mg2TiO4:Mn4+ phosphor ceramic was suitable for plant lighting when combined with a blue LED chip.
In-silico Design of Aryl and Aralkyl Amine-Based Triazolopyrimidine Derivatives with Enhanced Activity Against Resistant Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Ibrahim Zakari Ya’u , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon , Abechi Stephen
Published: November 2020

A blend of genetic algorithm with multiple linear regression (GA-MLR) method was utilized in generating a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model on the antimalarial activity of aryl and aralkyl amine-based triazolopyrimidine derivatives. The structures of derivatives were optimized using density functional theory (DFT) DFT/B3LYP/6–31 + G* basis set to generate their molecular descriptors, where two (2) predictive models were developed with the aid of these descriptors. The model with an excellent statistical parameters; high coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.8884, cross-validated R2 (Q2cv) = 0.8317 and highest external validated R2 (R2pred) = 0.7019 was selected as the best model. The model generated was validated through internal (leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation), external test set, and Y-randomization test. These parameters are indicators of robustness, excellent prediction, and validity of the selected model. The most relevant descriptor to the antimalarial activity in the model was found to be GATS6p (Geary autocorrelation—lag 6/weighted by polarizabilities), in the model due to its highest mean effect. The descriptor (GATS6p) was significant in the in-silico design of sixteen (16) derivatives of aryl and aralkyl amine-based triazolopyrimidine adopting compound DSM191 with the highest activity (pEC50 = 7.1805) as the design template. The design compound D8 was found to be the most active compound due to its superior hypothetical activity (pEC50 = 8.9545).
Mapping neural activity patterns to contextualized fearful facial expressions onto callous-unemotional (CU) traits: intersubject representational similarity analysis reveals less variation among high-CU adolescents
Authors: Rhoads Shawn A. , Cardinale Elise M. , O’Connell Katherine , Palmer Amy L. , VanMeter John W. , Marsh Abigail A.
Published: November 2020

Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are early-emerging personality features characterized by deficits in empathy, concern for others, and remorse following social transgressions. One of the interpersonal deficits most consistently associated with CU traits is impaired behavioral and neurophysiological responsiveness to fearful facial expressions. However, the facial expression paradigms traditionally employed in neuroimaging are often ambiguous with respect to the nature of threat (i.e., is the perceiver the threat, or is something else in the environment?). In the present study, 30 adolescents with varying CU traits viewed fearful facial expressions cued to three different contexts (“afraid for you,” “afraid of you,” “afraid for self”) while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Univariate analyses found that mean right amygdala activity during the “afraid for self” context was negatively associated with CU traits. With the goal of disentangling idiosyncratic stimulus-driven neural responses, we employed intersubject representational similarity analysis to link intersubject similarities in multivoxel neural response patterns to contextualized fearful expressions with differential intersubject models of CU traits. Among low-CU adolescents, neural response patterns while viewing fearful faces were most consistently similar early in the visual processing stream and among regions implicated in affective responding, but were more idiosyncratic as emotional face information moved up the cortical processing hierarchy. By contrast, high-CU adolescents’ neural response patterns consistently aligned along the entire cortical hierarchy (but diverged among low-CU youths). Observed patterns varied across contexts, suggesting that interpretations of fearful expressions depend to an extent on neural response patterns and are further shaped by levels of CU traits.
Johannesburg Drift: Variations of the Uncanny in Ivan Vladislavić’s The Exploded View
Authors: Ajibade Mayowa
Published: November 2020

This article focuses on some of the major scenes of the uncanny in Ivan Vladislavić’s The Exploded View. It identifies, describes, and connects the multiple registers of the uncanny operative in The Exploded View. It considers these multiple registers of the uncanny as parts of an overarching aesthetic framework discernible in the novel. This aesthetic framework, what we could call Vladislavić’s aesthetic of the uncanny, is discussed with a focus on three constituent and dynamic levels of activity: the formal level (textual repetition), the psychosocial level (“the political uncanny” and psychogeography), and the historical level. The article ultimately makes a case for using the aforementioned levels of the uncanny as productive frames for reading Vladislavić’s novel.
EXAMINING THE CONTRIBUTION OF MARKEDNESS TO THE L2 PROCESSING OF SPANISH PERSON AGREEMENT
Authors: Bañón José Alemán , Miller David , Rothman Jason
Published: November 2020

We used event‑related potentials to investigate how markedness impacts person agreement in English‑speaking learners of L2‑Spanish. Markedness was examined by probing agreement with both first‑person (marked) and third‑person (unmarked) subjects. Agreement was manipulated by crossing first‑person subjects with third‑person verbs and vice versa. Native speakers showed a P600 for both errors, larger for “first‑person subject + third‑person verb” violations. This aligns with claims that, when the first element in the dependency is marked (first person), the parser generates stronger predictions regarding upcoming agreeing elements using feature activation. Twenty‑two upper‑intermediate/advanced learners elicited a P600 across both errors. Learners were equally accurate detecting both errors, but the P600 was marginally reduced for “first‑person subject + third‑person verb” violations, suggesting that learners overused unmarked forms (third person) online. However, this asymmetry mainly characterized lower‑proficiency learners. Results suggest that markedness impacts L2 agreement without constraining it, although learners are less likely to use marked features top‑down.
Mid-term outcomes of cor triatriatum repair: comparison of biventricular physiology and univentricular physiology
Authors: Nagao Hiroyuki , Tanaka Toshikatsu
Published: November 2020

Background:

Cor triatriatum is the rarest of all congenital cardiac diseases, accounting for 0.1–0.4% of congenital heart diseases. Atrial septal defect is the most common associated defect; however, cor triatriatum is sometimes associated with univentricular heart.

Methods:

This single-centre retrospective study involved all patients who underwent the repair of cor triatriatum at Kobe Children’s Hospital between 2000 and 2020. Twenty-four patients were required surgery. We conducted a survey of survival rate, early and late pulmonary vein stenosis in each group.

Results:

The survival rate of 5 years after cor triatriatum resection was 100% in the biventricular group and 82.1% in the univentricular group, respectively. The free rate for pulmonary stenosis of 5 years after surgery was 100% in the biventricular group and 90.0% in the univentricular group, respectively. There was no statistical difference in survival rate and 5 years free rate for pulmonary stenosis after surgery.

Conclusions:

The results showed that surgical correction offers good early and mid-term outcomes for both cor triatriatum with biventricular and univentricular physiologies.
Characterisation of breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks in the Japanese context: an exploratory cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Murakami Kentaro , Shinozaki Nana , Livingstone M Barbara E , Fujiwara Aya , Asakura Keiko , Masayasu Shizuko , Sasaki Satoshi
Published: November 2020

Objective:

To characterise different meal types by examining the contribution of specific meals to the total intakes and the nutritional quality of each meal.

Design:

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on dietary data collected using 4-d dietary record. Diet quality was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3.

Setting:

Japan.

Participants:

Adults aged 20–81 years (n639).

Results:

Diet quality was, on average, highest for dinner, followed, in order, by lunch, breakfast and snacks. Breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks, on average, accounted for 21 %, 32 %, 40 % and 11 % of total energy intake, respectively. For many nutrients, the percentage contribution to total intake did not vary within each meal, broadly in line with that for energy: 18–24 % for breakfast, 26–35 % for lunch, 35–49 % for dinner and 4–15 % for snacks. However, intakes of many foods largely depended on one meal type. The foods mainly eaten at dinner were potatoes, pulses, total vegetables, fish, meat and alcoholic beverages (52–70 %), in contrast to noodles (58 %) at lunch and bread (71 %) and dairy products (50 %) at breakfast. The foods mainly eaten at snacks were confectioneries (79 %) and sugar-sweetened beverages (52 %). Conversely, rice and eggs were more evenly distributed across three main meals (19–41 % and 30–38 %, respectively), while fruit and non-energetic beverages were more evenly distributed across all meal types (17–30 % and 19–35 %, respectively).

Conclusions:

These findings provide the background information on each meal type in Japanese and may help inform the development of meal-based guidelines and public health messages.
Psychometric Properties of the Generalized Pliance Questionnaire in	Spain
Authors: Ruiz Francisco J. , Odriozola-González Paula , Suárez-Falcón Juan C.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Rule-governed behavior is a central concept to explain complex human behavior from a functional-analytic standpoint. Recently, a self-report measure of a functional type of rule-following called generalized pliance has been developed – the Generalized Pliance Questionnaire (GPQ). The GPQ has two versions with 18 and 9 items, respectively. This study aimed to analyze the factor structure and psychometric properties of both GPQ versions in a Spanish online sample ( N = 846). Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the one-factor model obtained an acceptable fit in the GPQ-18, but an inadequate fit in the GPQ-9. The GPQ-18 showed measurement invariance across gender, excellent internal consistency, and convergent construct validity. According to the results, the GPQ-18 showed good psychometric properties in Spanish samples.
The Backward Crosstalk Effect Does Not Depend on the Degree of a Preceding Response Conflict
Authors: Schonard Carolin , Ulrich Rolf , Janczyk Markus
Published: November 2020

Abstract. A common observation in dual tasking is a performance decrement in one or both tasks compared with single tasking. Besides, more specific interference occurs depending on certain characteristics of the two tasks. In particular, even Task 1 performance is often improved when responses in both tasks are compatible (e.g., both require left responses) compared to when they are incompatible: the compatibility-based backward crosstalk effect (BCE). Similar to what is observed for conflict tasks, the BCE is sequentially modulated: It is larger following compatible than following incompatible trials. Previous work has attributed this observation to adaptation effects triggered by response conflict arising during incompatible trials. In two experiments, we assessed sequential modulations following trials with different degrees of such a response conflict. In contrast to our expectations, a clear and sizeable sequential modulation was observed even under conditions where no BCE, and thus no empirical sign of an objective response conflict, was present in the previous trial. Therefore, our results show sequential modulations even without prior response conflict, which is not the (sole) trigger of sequential modulations accordingly. We discuss these results with regard to other potential triggers such as the subjective experience of conflict or difficulty, episodic retrieval, and repetitions of response combinations.
A General‐Coordinate, Nonlocal Neutral Diffusion Operator
Authors: Shao Andrew E. , Adcroft Alistair , Hallberg Robert , Griffies Stephen M.
Published: November 2020

We present a neutral diffusion operator appropriate for an ocean model making use of general vertical coordinates. The diffusion scheme uses polynomial reconstructions in the vertical, along with a horizontally local but vertically nonlocal stencil for estimates of tracer fluxes. These fluxes are calculated on a vertical grid that is the superset of model columns in a neutral density space. Using flux‐limiters, the algorithm dissipates tracer extrema locally, and no new extrema are created. A demonstration using a linear equation of state in an idealized configuration shows that the algorithm is perfectly neutral. When using the nonlinear TEOS‐10 equation of state with a constant reference pressure, the algorithm compares nearly exactly to a case discretized onto isopycnal surfaces and using along‐layer diffusion. The algorithm's cost is comparable to that of tracer advection and can be readily implemented into ocean general circulation models.
A Little-Known Mass Extinction and the “Dawn of the Modern World”
Authors: Norris Scott
Published: November 2020

Volcanic eruptions in what is now western Canada may have triggered a million years of rain and a mass extinction that launched the reign of the dinosaurs.
Machine Learning‐Based Analysis of Geological Susceptibility to Induced Seismicity in the Montney Formation, Canada
Authors: Wozniakowska Paulina , Eaton David W.
Published: November 2020

We analyze data from 6,466 multistage horizontal hydraulic fracturing wells drilled into the Montney Formation over a large region in western Canada to evaluate the impact of geological, geomechanical, and tectonic characteristics on the distribution of hydraulic fracturing‐induced seismicity. Logistic regression was used to obtain a machine learning estimate of the seismogenic activation potential of each well. Our results fit the observed spatial variability, including an enigmatic change in seismicity at 120°W that does not correlate with any change in industrial activity. Feature importance analysis provides insight into data types that have the greatest impact on the results. Based on current data, seismogenic activation potential is most strongly influenced by depth of injection and distance of the well to the Cordilleran thrust belt.
Does Export Production Measure Transient Changes of the Biological Carbon Pump's Feedback to the Atmosphere Under Global Warming?
Authors: Koeve W. , Kähler P. , Oschlies A.
Published: November 2020

In a widely‐held conception, the biological carbon pump (BCP) is equal to the export of organic matter out of the euphotic zone. Using global ocean‐atmosphere model experiments we show that the change in export production is a poor measure of the biological pump's feedback to the atmosphere. The change in global true oxygen utilization (TOU), an integrative measure of the imprint of the BCP on marine oxygen, however, is in good agreement with the net change in the biogenic air‐sea flux of oxygen. Since TOU correlates very well with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) in our experiments, we propose to measure the change of AOU from data of global float programs to monitor the feedback of the BCP to the atmosphere. For the current ocean we estimate that BCP changes effect a CO2uptake by the ocean in the range of 0.07 to 0.14 GtC/yr.
The principal axes systems for the elastic properties of monoclinic gallia
Authors: Grundmann Marius
Published: November 2020

We discuss the principal axes systems of monoclinic and triclinic crystals regarding their elastic properties. Explicit formulas are presented for the orientation of these coordinate systems for monoclinic crystals. In this context, theoretical results from literature on the elastic properties of monoclinic (space group C2/m) gallia and alumina are critically discussed.
Pulmonary surfactant inhibition of nanoparticle uptake by alveolar epithelial cells
Authors: Radiom M. , Sarkis M. , Brookes O. , Oikonomou E. K. , Baeza-Squiban A. , Berret J.-F.
Published: November 2020

Pulmonary surfactant forms a sub-micrometer thick fluid layer that covers the surface of alveolar lumen and inhaled nanoparticles therefore come in to contact with surfactant prior to any interaction with epithelial cells. We investigate the role of the surfactant as a protective physical barrier by modeling the interactions using silica-Curosurf-alveolar epithelial cell system in vitro. Electron microscopy displays that the vesicles are preserved in the presence of nanoparticles while nanoparticle-lipid interaction leads to formation of mixed aggregates. Fluorescence microscopy reveals that the surfactant decreases the uptake of nanoparticles by up to two orders of magnitude in two models of alveolar epithelial cells, A549 and NCI-H441, irrespective of immersed culture on glass or air–liquid interface culture on transwell. Confocal microscopy corroborates the results by showing nanoparticle-lipid colocalization interacting with the cells. Our work thus supports the idea that pulmonary surfactant plays a protective role against inhaled nanoparticles. The effect of surfactant should therefore be considered in predictive assessment of nanoparticle toxicity or drug nanocarrier uptake. Models based on the one presented in this work may be used for preclinical tests with engineered nanoparticles.
Structural characterization of an unprecedented lectin-like antitumoral anti-MUC1 antibody
Authors: Macías-León Javier , Bermejo Iris A. , Asín Alicia , García-García Ana , Compañón Ismael , Jiménez-Moreno Ester , Coelho Helena , Mangini Vincenzo , Albuquerque Inês S. , Marcelo Filipa , Asensio Juan L. , Bernardes Gonçalo J. L. , Joshi Hiren J. , Fiammengo Roberto , Blixt Ola , Hurtado-Guerrero Ramón , Corzana Francisco
Published: November 2020

The molecular basis of an anti-MUC1 antibody that recognizes the entire GalNAc unit as a primary epitope is disclosed.
Cucurbiturils in nucleic acids research
Authors: Chernikova Ekaterina Y. , Berdnikova Daria V.
Published: November 2020

The recent progress and future prospects of the application of cucurbiturils in nucleic acids research are highlighted.
Simultaneous detection and speciation of mono- and di-valent copper ions with a dual-channel fluorescent nanoprobe
Authors: Zheng An-Qi , Zhao Chen-Xi , Wang Xiao-Juan , Shu Yang , Wang Jian-Hua
Published: November 2020

A dual channel fluorescent nanoprobe is developed for simultaneous detection and speciation of mono- and di-valent copper ions. It is demonstrated by exploring the dynamic decomposition/degradation process of copper nanoparticles.
Switchable cascade C–H annulation to polycyclic pyryliums and pyridiniums: discovering mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probes
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Yan Lipeng , Liu Yanhong , Yang Yudong , You Jingsong
Published: November 2020

A switchable Rh-catalyzed cascade triple C–H annulation of 4-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehydes with alkynes, enabling two polycyclic pyrylium- and pyridinium-based mitochondria-labeling reagents.
The synthesis of silver nanowires with tunable diameters using halide ions for flexible transparent conductive films
Authors: Zhu Xingzhong , Guo Aoqi , Xu Juan , Kan Caixia
Published: November 2020

The diameter of Ag nanowires could be tuned in the range of 19 to 35 nm with the cooperation of Cl− and Br− ions.
Polyoxometalate-based hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks as a new class of proton conducting materials
Authors: Ji Ning-Ning , Shi Zhi-Qiang , Xie Xiao-Xin , Li Gang
Published: November 2020

To develop new types of crystalline proton conducting materials for fuel cells, a polyoxometalate-based hydrogen-bonded organic framework (PHOF) based on Keggin-type [PMo12O40]3− and phenylimidazole (PHOF 1) has been prepared.
Designed Ag-decorated Mn:ZnO nanocomposite: facile synthesis, and enhanced visible light absorption and photogenerated carrier separation
Authors: Li Jing , Yuan Huan , Zhang Qiuping , Luo Kaiyi , Liu Yutong , Hu Wenyu , Xu Ming , Xu Shuyan
Published: November 2020

A series of ZnO-based complex architectures including Mn-doped ZnO, Ag/ZnO and Ag-decorated Mn:ZnO nanocomposites were fabricated by a facile polymer network gel method.
Experimental study of the proton-transfer reaction C + H2+ → CH+ + H and its isotopic variant (D2+)
Authors: Hillenbrand Pierre-Michel , Bowen Kyle P. , Dayou Fabrice , Miller Kenneth A. , de Ruette Nathalie , Urbain Xavier , Savin Daniel W.
Published: November 2020

We report absolute integral cross section (ICS) measurements using a dual-source merged-fast-beams apparatus to study the titular reactions over the relative translational energy range of Er ∼ 0.01–10 eV.
Spatial dimensionality and the binding of small clusters
Authors: Bruch L. W.
Published: November 2020

The effect of spatial dimensionality D on the near-threshold binding of small clusters of identical particles is shown.
Behind the scenes of spin-forbidden decay pathways in transition metal complexes
Authors: Moitra Torsha , Karak Pijush , Chakraborty Sayantani , Ruud Kenneth , Chakrabarti Swapan
Published: November 2020

Understanding the microscopic origin of spin-forbidden radiative and non-radiative photophysics of transition metal complexes with reference to spin–orbit coupling.
Single-atom alloy catalysts: structural analysis, electronic properties and catalytic activities
Authors: Zhang Tianjun , Walsh Andrew G. , Yu Jihong , Zhang Peng
Published: November 2020

The structure–property relationship of single-atom alloy catalysts is reviewed from the perspective of atomic structure analysis, electronic properties, and catalytic activities.
Highly fluorescent scandium-tetracarboxylate frameworks: selective detection of nitro-aromatic compounds, sensing mechanism, and their application
Authors: Zhan Deyi , Saeed Abdul , Li Zixuan , Wang Chengming , Yu Zhiwu , Wang Junfeng , Zhao Nanjing , Xu Weihong , Liu Jinhuai
Published: November 2020

Recently, exploring new luminescent metal–organic frameworks (LMOFs) to selectively detect nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) has been a hot topic of research.
Synthesis and self-assembly of aminyl and alkynyl substituted sophorolipids
Authors: Ba Abdoul Aziz , Everaert Jonas , Poirier Alexandre , Le Griel Patrick , Soetaert Wim , Roelants Sophie L. K. W. , Hermida-Merino Daniel , Stevens Christian V. , Baccile Niki
Published: November 2020

Sophorolipids are one of the most important microbial biosurfactants, because of their large-scale production and applications developed so far in the fields of detergency, microbiology, cosmetics or environmental science.
Production of renewable alcohols from maple wood using supercritical methanol hydrodeoxygenation in a semi-continuous flowthrough reactor
Authors: Galebach Peter H. , Soeherman Jimmy K. , Gilcher Elise , Wittrig Ashley M. , Johnson Jillian , Fredriksen Thomas , Wang Chengrong , Lanci Michael P. , Dumesic James A. , Huber George W.
Published: November 2020

Biomass conversion to alcohols using supercritical methanol depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation (SCM-DHO) with CuMgAl mixed metal oxide is a promising process for biofuel production.
Immobilizing Ag/Cu2O on cotton fabric to enhance visible light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wang Lili , Mao Haiyan , Li Ziyin , Wang Chunxia , Gao Dawei
Published: November 2020

Ag/Cu2O composites were prepared by the solvothermal and photo-reduction method.
Design and synthesis of alverine-based ionic liquids to improve drug water solubility
Authors: Fernández-Stefanuto V. , Esteiro P. , Santiago R. , Moreno D. , Palomar J. , Tojo E.
Published: November 2020

Alverine [3-phenyl-N-(3-phenylpropyl)-N-ethylpropan-1-amine] is a widely known smooth muscle relaxant used to relieve cramps or spasms of the stomach and intestines.
Supramolecular protein polymers using mini-ferritin Dps as the building block
Authors: Pacheco M. Raquel , Jacinto João P. , Penas Daniela , Calmeiro Tomás , Almeida Ana V. , Colaço Miriam , Fortunato Elvira , Jones Nykola C. , Hoffmann Søren V. , Pereira M. Manuela A. , Tavares Pedro , Pereira Alice S.
Published: November 2020

Production of long polymer chains with iron oxidation and storage activity, built from protein nanocages using a click chemistry approach.
Glycosyl disulfides: importance, synthesis and application to chemical and biological systems
Authors: Ribeiro Morais Goreti , Falconer Robert A.
Published: November 2020

This review explores methodologies for the preparation of glycosyl disulfides, their utility as intermediates in carbohydrate synthesis, and evaluates their biological impact in glycoscience and beyond.
Fuzzy protein theory for disordered proteins
Authors: Fuxreiter Monika
Published: November 2020

Why proteins are fuzzy? Constant adaptation to the cellular environment requires a wide range of changes in protein structure and interactions. Conformational ensembles of disordered proteins in particular exhibit large shifts to activate or inhibit alternative pathways. Fuzziness is critical for liquid–liquid phase separation and conversion of biomolecular condensates into fibrils. Interpretation of these phenomena presents a challenge for the classical structure-function paradigm. Here I discuss a multi-valued formalism, based on fuzzy logic, which can be applied to describe complex cellular behavior of proteins.
Life Cycle Thinking for Sustainable Consumption and Production towards a Circular Economy
Authors: Gheewala Shabbir H.
Published: November 2020

The current model of a linear economy with end-of-pipe waste treatment is not sustainable. Cleaner production helps reduce resource use and emissions, but is still not an optimal solution without considering a life cycle perspective. Life cycle-based tools such as life cycle assessment and life cycle costing are useful for identifying optimal environmental and economic options for product systems. SDG 12 dealing with responsible consumption and production is key for sustainability. Developing of a circular economy requires life cycle thinking and life cycle-based tools for assessment. All these issues are discussed along with illustrative examples.
Sustainable Development Goals through Energy cooperation in ASEAN
Authors: Utama N. Agya , Swandaru Akbar , Chan Hoy-Yen , Shani Nadilah
Published: November 2020

The ASEAN primary energy demand to grow by an average of 3.4% per year from 627 to reach 1,450 million tons of oil equivalent by 2040. In the alignment to accelerating the energy transition through the ASEAN, the region is aiming to reach 23% of RE in the total primary energy supply (TPES). With the five-year remaining, ASEAN has a lot opportunity to accelerate the effort. This research presents overview of the shaping of the renewables and low-carbon power utilisation which has been in the action plan to optimise effective and efficient power utilisation. It will be presented in the study report, the alignment of low-carbon society and renewable energy promotion in ASEAN has been in great progress considering its attempt to improve all power utilisation lineage.
Acid neutralizing capacity minerals in Barani Pit PT Agincourt Resources Martabe, North Sumatera: alternative agent on neutralizing acid mine drainage
Authors: Khaidar Ali Rinal , Butar-butar Lestari , Qadaryati Nurakhmi , Santi Narulita
Published: November 2020

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) is produced when sulfide-bearing material is exposed to oxygen and water. The mine may accelerate this natural reaction due to the wide and rapid exposure of sulfide minerals. Although economical ores are considered environmental pollutants, there are several elements that act as acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) mineral are associated with the ore, especially silicate minerals. Currently, PT Agincourt Resources Martabe has only relying on the use of carbonates mineral groups to handle the AMD issue. In fact, the geological condition in this area is formed of typically alumina-rich and alkaline minerals which are capable to neutralize the AMD as well. The aim of this study is to determine ANC minerals from the rock formations that has impact to neutralize the AMD in Barani Pit. The methods are geological field observation, mineral determination using spectral analysis, and assay analysis that provides data to sort the recommended ANC minerals. The ANC minerals from the rock formations and wastes within Barani Pit, other than calcite, are muscovite, illite, smectite, kaolinite, dickite and gypsum. The knowledge about these alternative ANC minerals might give contribution to reduce and solve the risk of acid mine drainage polluting the environment.
Total Maximum Daily Load of the Curug Sub-district Segment of The Cirarab River, Indonesia
Authors: Indriyani Kus , Hasibuan Hayati Sari , Gozan Misri
Published: November 2020

Although The Cirarab River has a highly polluted status, it is used as a source for clean and drinking water for people in Tangerang City. Pollution occurs due to poor river quality management. This study examines the Total Maximum Daily Load/TMDL of The Cirarab River at The Curug Subdistrict Segment using QUAL2Kw with two modelling scenarios. The first scenario was used to obtain the existing load, and the second scenario was used to determine TMDL. The existing loads results obtained were 12,032.26 kgBOD/day and 48,946.69 kgCOD/day. The TMDL results obtained were 2,234.30 kgBOD/day and 18,619.20 kgCOD/day. The existing loads entering each subsegment have exceeded TMDL that they need to be reduced. TMDL calculation is useful as a basis for an effective river management strategy.
Coastal Community Development and Fisheries Resource Management Project (Co-Fish Project) in Tegal of 1998-2005 and Its Impacts on Fishing Communities
Authors: Bakhtiar Ahmad Faizal , Rochwulaningsih Yety , Susilowati Endang
Published: November 2020

This research examines the issue of why Co-Fish Project is important for the ecosystem in the Tegal Port area and how the project was implemented during 1998-2005 and the impacts of the project on fishing communities. It is used as a historical method with the ecosystem approach because Co-Fish Project intended to maintain, improve, and develop the benefit value and the ecosystem function for the progress of all elements or stakeholders in the ecosystem. The research results show that Co-Fish Project in Tegal City is an integral part of the Coastal Fishing Port (PPP) construction project and the development of the Tegalsari Fish Landing Base (PPI) of Tegal City. Co-Fish Project as a central government project under the coordination and management of the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries with ADB funding sources requires the development and empowerment of the port area ecosystem as an instrument to support the development and sustainability of port activities. It is important because the condition of the existing slum port area is not organized with the socio-economic life of fishermen with high poverty levels and prone to conflicts among the fishermen. The implementation of the Co-Fish Project has a positive impact on reducing poverty and fishermen conflicts due to improvements in infrastructure, sanitation, and the development of fishermen's socio-economic institutions and the port area ecosystem synergizing with the increasing fishermen's income and social harmony.
Development Stage of Tourism Objects in Malang Regency, East Java
Authors: Cintya Pradipta Hapsari Khansa , Susilowati M.H. Dewi , Candra Restuti Ratri
Published: November 2020

Malang Regency has many tourism potentials such as natural attraction and cultural attraction. Tourism potentials need to be supported by facilities and infrastructure that are optimal for the development so that they can attract tourists. Some tourism objects in Malang Regency does not have complete facilities to support tourist. This study aims to determine the development stage of tourism objects and analyze the correlation between development stage of tourism objects with tourism organizer. Variables used in this research are the development stage of tourism objects and tourism organizer. The methods used are spatial descriptive analysis and chi-square statistical analysis. The results showed that the stage development of tourism objects in Malang Regency are dominated by the second stage of development (involvement) with natural attraction that tend to have a higher development stage than cultural attraction. Chi-square statistical test result showed that there is a significant correlation between development stage of tourism in Malang Regency with tourism organizer.
The Concern of Nature Condition and Ecological Behavior’s Practice Among Natural Science Students: Postgraduate Students of School of Environmental Science
Authors: Nurul Aini Intan , Sari Hasibuan Hayati
Published: November 2020

Natural science students are intended to have more sense of nature connectedness than non-natural science students because their understanding and awareness about environment they received from environmental education. Together, sense of nature connectedness, environmental understanding and awareness encourage those students to behave environmentally in the sake of nature protection. This study was undertake to confirm the positive correlation between those previous factors (the predictor) and the practice of pro-environmental behavior among natural science students (the response). Utilizing a semi-quantitative online questionnaire and Gamma correlation analysis, this study identified that the concern of nature condition was positively correlate with PEB practice among natural science students. However, the correlation was strong only when respondents did PEB practice oftenly. The conclusion of this study is the environmental concern has positive contribution to PEB practice, but the occurance of PEB practice is more influenced by how often the PEB is performed by natural science students.
Gender Determinant Factors for Bus Shelter Planning in Sustainable Urban Infrastructure
Authors: Esariti Landung , Putri Kharunia , Basuki Yudi , Wahyono Hadi
Published: November 2020

This article examines 14 factors related to mainstreaming gender for bus shelter planning in the creation of sustainable urban infrastructure in Semarang city. By conducting an interview survey of 70 male and female respondents, without being restricted by age, significant results were obtained in evaluating the performance of BRT shelters in the Corridor I Semarang using Crosstab technique. There are 4 gender determinant factors were resulted. Those are, in respective orders; availability of seats in the shelter, distance between the floor of the shelter and the bus body when riding/ descending passengers, the length of time waiting in the shelter, and the proximity of the location of the shelter to the pedestrian. It is clear that gender contributes to sustainable infrastructure as it gives equal access the perceptions, interests, needs and priorities of passengers to be weighted in planning and decision making.
The Information Literacy Mapping on Community Empowerment Program in the Coastal Community in Semarang
Authors: Irhandayaningsih Ana
Published: November 2020

The aims of this research is to mapping the information literacy of the coastal community in Semarang. The mapping consists of the availability and absorption of sources of information, the pattern of society in using information and access to sources of information, and regulatory support for the city government. The second objective is to conduct information literacy mapping on women's groups in coastal communities, related to information on women's empowerment programs from the Semarang city government. In this study, there were four aspects that were mapped. The first aspect is planning activities, implementation activities, benefit taking, and evaluation. The research design used in this study is sequential exploratory, which is collecting and analyzing qualitative data then collecting and analyzing quantitative data. The research design used in this study is sequential exploratory, which consist of collecting and analyzing qualitative data followed by collecting and analyzing quantitative data. Data for this research collected in Mangunharjo Coastal Village, in Tugu City District, Semarang. Data collection is done through a focus group discussion and questionnaires, random sampling interview, and observation. The data analysis technique is done by combining quantitative analysis of data obtained from questionnaires and qualitative data analysis for data obtained from observations and, library study for mapping models. The results showed that the culture of information literacy in coastal communities in the study locations was good. In the first aspect, the availability and the use of information sources at the research location, it shows low score. Whereas in the second aspect, community activities in using information and access to sources of information, shows a bad condition. And in the third aspect, Semarang government regulation support for information literacy programs shows a good condition. Furthermore, the results of research information literacy in terms of women's empowerment programs, starting from the planning, implementation, benefit taking, and program evaluation phases, are categorized as positive.
An Environmental Study on the Paid Plastic Bag Use Policy in the city of Semarang
Authors: Muslihun Muhammad , Dwi Anggroro Didi , K Kismartini
Published: November 2020

Indonesia is the second largest contributor of plastic waste in the ocean. The initiative of the central government through KLHK in reducing the generation of plastic waste is to launch a paid plastic bag policy. This policy is regulated by a circular issued by KLHK to local governments and business actors. The purpose of this study is to analyse the implementation of policies, analyse consumer behaviour and analyse the supporting and inhibiting factors in the paid plastic bag policy which is applied in the city of Semarang. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Data collection uses primary and secondary data. The results showed that the paid plastic bag policy had the support of the local government, businesses and consumers. Various efforts have been made as a form of support to reduce waste generation in accordance with the objectives of this policy. Although consumers know and support this policy, it does not change consumer behaviour much. They still use plastic bags from retail when they finish shopping. Consumers have no objections to paying IDR 200. This policy does not bring many significant changes in consumer behaviour in using new plastic bags, despite the tendency of consumers to know the impact of plastic bag waste if it is not managed properly. Consumers still seem indifferent in considering plastic bag waste as an urgent waste priority. So that this policy is still less effective in changing consumer behaviour.
Do we care enough? revisiting land subsidence and coastal spatial planning policy in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Rizkiana S. , Hadi Sudharto P. , Rudiarto Iwan , Purnaweni Hartuti
Published: November 2020

Land subsidence is a common unsustainable pattern of land use on young sediment coasts worldwide, such as Semarang coastal area. The impact had already transformed its northeast area become permanently tidal flooded, damage in houses and streets, and economic loss. However, local government efforts are noticeably as band-aid measures, which can lead to further mismanagement in halting land subsidence. Given that, this research aimed to evaluate how the latest coastal spatial planning policy in Semarang responds to its geological hazards. This type of research is a content analysis of various spatial planning policy documents, coastal zoning plans, regional spatial planning, and strategic environmental assessment. The results show that, although land subsidence is already mentioned, no specific zoning plan or development programs were applied. Also, rather than creating more in-depth law in groundwater management or other activities that exaggerate land subsidence rates, the northeast shorelines’ structural measures are preferable. A key point of the result concluded that the local government should develop more strict laws in land subsidence to prevent more intense activities on land, together with vigorous law enforcement. Any structural measures should be planned and built effectively to avert more threatening problems to the regions.