bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WEIGHT STATUS AND NUTRITION IN SIBERIAN ADOLESCENTS
Authors: V.Denisova Diana , P.Berezovikova Irina , Shcherbakova Lilia V.
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the nutrition in adolescents with different weight status. Material and
methods.In April-May 2019,a cross-sectional population survey was conducted on a random representative sample of
schoolchildren aged 14-18 years of both sexes, 612 people were examined: 249 boys (40.9%), 360 girls (59.1%). Diet
recall was taken in 537 persons.The survey program included a standard questionnaire,anthropometry,and assessment
of diet using 24-hour dietary recall (537 persons).Results. Based on IOTF criteria, 5 body mass index categories were
identified:underweight,normal weight,overweight,obesity,extreme obesity.Because of low prevalence of obesity and
extreme obesity in the study these groups were combined with the overweight group and further 3 groups were
analyzed:underweight,normal weight and overweight.The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in
Novosibirsk was 22.1% in boys and 14.4% in girls. Disturbances in the structure of nutrition were revealed both in the
studied sample of adolescents in general, and in the group of boys and girls with overweight and obesity. Quotas of fat
energy in general, saturated fatty acids, easily digestible sugars exceed recommended levels. The fiber content was
below the recommended level by more than 2 times. Above 80% of overweight adolescents underestimate energy
intake. Percent of under-reporting of energy intake in boys was 45,8% in underweight group; 48,6% in normal weight
group;80,6% in overweight group.In girls – 26,8%,54,1% and 85,1%, respectively.Conclusions. The results show that
both adolescents with overweight and obesity, as well as with normal indicators of physical development, need to
optimize nutrition
A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS ROLE OF ISOLATED HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA TO PREDICT GANGRENOUS/PERFORATED APPENDICITIS
Authors: Choudhary Suresh Kumar , Kumar Bharti Dinesh , Nagar Anupama , Gupta Shalu , Kumar Saurav
Published: January 2022

Aim:Theaimof studywas toassess theroleofhyperbilirubinemiaasapredictorofgangrenousorperforated appendicitis.
Introduction: Appendicitis is characterised by means of infection and inflammation of the appendix. It was
hypothesized that an association exists between the presence of appendiceal perforation and hyperbilirubinemia.The
present study has been designed to evaluate the association between hyperbilirubinemia in cases of acute appendicitis
and its complications.
Methods: This study was conducted at SMS hospital Jaipur as a prospective observational study. One hundred twenty
patients of appendicitis were enrolled from 1 March 2017 to 30 November 2018 according sample size. Patients
underwent appendectomy after confirmation of diagnosis by USG and other investigations and biopsy was sent for
histopathological examination.
Results: Total 120 patients were analysed In our study as per inclusion criteria. Hyperbilirubinemia (>1.2 mg/dL) was
found in gangrenous appendicitis and perforated appendicitis (91.67% and 100% respectively) as compared to in
acute appendicitis (15.63%) cases (P<0.001). most of the acute (84.37%) and some gangrenous appendicitis (8.33%)
patients had normal TSB but all perforated appendicitis patients had hyperbilirubinemia (>1.2 mg/dL). Liver enzymes
were normal in most of cases or slightly elevated in some cases.Alvarado Score and CRP were also significantly elevated
in complicated appendicitis than acute appendicitis.
Conclusion: Our study concluded that isolated hyperbilirubinemia is a predictor of perforated or gangrenous
appendicitis.High Alvarado Score and CRP level are also indicating complicated appendicitis.
COMPARISON OF SELF-CONCEPT AND SELFSUFFICIENCY AMONG HEARING IMPAIRED VISUALLY IMPAIRED AND ORTHOPEDICALLY IMPAIRED PERSONS
Authors: Adhikari Amalesh
Published: January 2022

Self-concept and Self-sufficiency are the important aspects in our life. Self-concept is the multidimensional construct to
perceive physical competence throughout childhood and beyond. Self-sufficiency as a personality trait reflects a
person's overall quality or condition of being efficiency. These characteristics are also important among hearing
impaired persons, visually impaired persons as well as orthopedically impaired persons. So the study, comparison of
self-concept and self-sufficiency among hearing impaired visually impaired and orthopedically impaired persons has
been taken into consideration. Forty subjects of each category namely hearing impaired, visually impaired and
orthopedically impaired students (having problems in upper limbs) were selected within the age range of twelve to
eighteen years for the study. Self-concept was measured by Dr. R. K. Saraswat's Manual of Self-concept Questionnaire and
Self-sufficiency was measured by Burn-Reuter Modified Personality Inventory. The data were analyzed through the
statistic of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results indicate that hearing impaired subjects had better self-concept and
self-sufficiency than orthopedically impaired and visually impaired subjects. The orthopedically impaired subjects
were superior to visually impaired subjects in respect to self-sufficiency and self-concept.
A STUDY ON EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS
ON MEDICAL THERAPY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Malar R. Shanthi , Srinivasan S. , David R. Jebin , Monica V. K.
Published: January 2022

AIM:
1. To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients on medical treatment.
2. To determine the risk factors contributing to the development of diabetic retinopathy.
3. To study the epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy patients in relation to age, sex, duration of diabetes, type of
diabetes and the type of medical treatment
BACKGROUND:
Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the leading cause for visual morbidity among diabetic patients.
Diabetic retinopathy can be broadly classified into non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative
diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
MATERIALS AND METHODS:A cross sectional study was conducted on 600 consecutive individuals who presented or
was referred to our ophthalmology department from October 2021 to December 2021. All subjects underwent a
comprehensive eye examination including brief history taking, slit lamp examination and dilated fundus examination
using slit lamp biomicroscopy with 90D lens.
RESULTS: 600 diabetic patients were screened and 24 (4%) of them were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy.
CONCLUSION: Strict control of glycaemic level through medical therapy and periodical eye screening should be
advised to all diabetic patients especially in patients more than 40 years of age to reduce the complications of diabetic
retinopathy.
MARKETING OF ECO-FRIENDLY AND LOW COST SANITARY NAPKINS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Lather Deepika , Singh Ajmer
Published: January 2022

Purpose-The purpose of the study is to review the low cost,eco-friendly and reusable sanitary pads among adolescent
Girls and women.The main problem of unawareness about the use of sanitary pads is especially in the rural areas.This
study tries to explore the harmful effects of plastic sanitary pads on women health and environment. The study also
describes the perception of women and their buying behaviour of sanitary pads from the review of related Literature.
Design And Methodology-This study is based on 21 literature reviews which are specifically based on the rural areas of
India,north America,turkey,Ogun state ,Nigeria,south Korea,and china from 2010 to 2021.All the literature reviews were
studied from online journals from reputed publishers.
Findings- The study finds out that there are various taboos and misconceptions regarding the use sanitary napkins.
Women in rural areas can't afford high cost sanitary pads.It also finds out that modern sanitary pads are made of harmful
plastic which are non-biodegradable and harmful for health of women as well as to the environment.Some findings were
promoting banana novel fibre sanitary pads which were eco-friendly.
Practical Implications- The study suggests that there is an urgent need to promote natural banana fibre sanitary pads
which is beneficial for woman as well as for the environment.Manufacturer should reduce the price and use the quality of
stuff in it.If price of sanitary pads is reduced then the demand will increase because many women can't buy the sanitary
pads due to their high price. Manufacturer should advertise sanitary pads so that it attracts most of the consumers.
Packaging must be done in such a way that it can easily understand by women in rural areas.Manufacturers should use
environment friendly chemicals in sanitary pads so that they can decompose in short time and can minimise the soil
pollution.Menstruation hygiene management should be a part of school curriculum also
CLINICAL PROFILE AND MID-TERM OUTCOME OF CHILDREN WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE TREATED WITH HYDROXYUREA
Authors: Agarwal Aarti
Published: January 2022

Objective:To study the clinical profile of patients with Sickle cell disease (SCD) and effect of Hydroxyurea (HU) on their
haematological and biochemical profile. Method: This prospective observational study included children with Hb
Electrophoresis proven SCD presenting in OPD or admitted in ward from November 2012 to May 2014. After detailed
history, examination and baseline haematological and biochemical profile, Hydroxyurea was started and gradually
increased. Primary outcome was reduction in symptoms, blood transfusion and hospital admissions. Secondary
outcome was improvement in haematological and biochemical profile including Hb electrophoresis. Result: Study
population included 70 patients with SCD with median age of 10.2 ( 2-18 ) years.Maximum children ( 91.5%) belonged to
tribal population .Most children presented with body ache(70%) followed by abdominal pain(41.4%) and fever(34.3%).
During 9 months of treatment with HU there was 81.4% decrease in clinical symptoms and significant reduction in
hospital admissions(P<0.0001) and blood transfusions(P<0.0001). mean haemoglobin was increased to 9.4 mg/dl and
there was significant improvement in Hb electrophoresis, mean Haemoglobin F (HbF) increased to 24.70% with
P<0.0001. Conclusion: In patients with SCD, treatment with hydroxyurea is associated with favourable short-term and
mid-term outcomes.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF TAMOXIFEN CITRATE AND CLOMIFENE CITRATE IN OVULATION INDUCTION- PRIMARY INFERTILITY
Authors: Tahaliyani sonal , Reddy Alla Sathyanarayana , Narmadha Narmadha
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND – Ovulation Induction refers to the therapeutic restoration of the release of eggs per cycle in
women.The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of Tamoxifen citrate and Clomifene citrate in ovulation
induction and to compare the age wise efficacy of the drug. METHODS:A total of 90 infertility patients were included in
the study, and 45 were allocated to group A and 45 in group B.Group A was given Clomifene citrate 50 mg and group B
was given Tamoxifine 40 mg from day 5 to 9.RESULTS: The number of patients who ovulated in first cycle is 26.6%,
second cycle 40% and third cycle is 26.6% in group A. In group B the number of patients who ovulated in first cycle is
24.4%. second cycle 48.8%, third cycle 20% respectively.The mean pregnancy rate in clomifene group is 22.22% ans
tamoxifen is 24.4% with P value of >0.05 showed no significant difference in both group.CONCLUSION:Tamoxifen was
better drug for ovulation induction when compared with clomifene citrate which is standard drug usually used for
ovulation induction. This is because of the endometrial thickness which is needed for implantation is better with
tamoxifen..
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN SALIVA OF CHILDREN: AN IN-VIVO STUDY
Authors: Sharma Rachna
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of different pit and fissure sealants,namely ClinPro Sealant(3M
ESPE) and Helioseal-F (Ivoclar Vivadent) on the Streptococcus mutans count in the saliva of children. Fourty (40) caries free
childrenintheagegroupof6-12yearswitheruptedpermanentmolarswereselectedandfollowingcompleteoralprophylaxis
the materials were applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Saliva samples were collected prior to application,
immediately after application, one month after application, three months after application and six months after application.
ThesesampleswereculturedonMitis salivariusplatesandcolonycountsofStreptococcusmutanswererecorded.Reductionin
Streptococcusmutans countover theperiodof studywasobservedinallthecases andtheeffectivenessofthesepit andfissure
sealantswerecomparable.Boththepit andfissuresealants -ClinProSealant(3MESPE) andHelioseal-F(IvoclarVivadent)- are
equallyeffectiveinreducingthesalivaryStreptococcusmutansinchildrenandpreventingthecaries.
Machine Learning-based Approach for Prevention of COVID-19 using Steam Vaporizer
Authors: Saket Professor (Dr.) R.K.
Published: January 2022

The present article provides a brief review on Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) with
its prevention using a prototype steam vaporizer developed at home during the lockdown period. The paper discusses the role of Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial
Intelligence (AI) for the identification of COVID19. At present, the panic mode and
non-availability of anti-drug exponentially increases the COVID-19 cases in India and
other parts of the world. This emphasizes humans stay home as a preventing solution to
fight against COVID-19. However, staying inside the home is also not safe even when
one person is going out for new emergent works. It is also complicated to stay safe from
COVID-19 due to a shortage of related preventive measures. Thus, a cheap method of
preparing a steam vaporizer is suggested in this paper. Also, its prototype is developed at
home with readily available materials. This handheld steam vaporizer has been
demonstrated and validated on five people with mild cough and cold symptoms. The
survey is carried out using the web page of the COVID 19 survey through the phone.
Based on this survey, the person can be informed whether that person is COVID positive
or not. The web page for survey is needed to be circulated as much as possible. The
tabular and graphically illustrated results show the betterment of this homemade steam
vaporizer in mitigating the CoV like viruses.
FAKTOR RISIKO BALITA STUNTING DI PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT
Authors: Setyawati Irni , Handayani Baiq Nining , Supinganto Agus
Published: January 2022

Toddler age is a golden period for the development and growth of the baby's brain which is commonly referred to as the golden period, especially the first 1000 days. Behind the importance of maintaining the growth and development of infants, there is a failure to grow in the form of short height for age due to chronic malnutrition called stunting. The province of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) has a higher prevalence of stunting than the province of Bali as the closest province to NTB, which is 33.5%, while the province of Bali is 21.9%. Stunting is caused by various factors including maternal education, sanitation, access to health care facilities, and infection. This study aims to determine the risk factors for stunting in the province of NTB. This study uses secondary data from Riskesdas for the province of NTB in 2018 obtained from the Health Research and Development Agency (Balitbangkes) of the Indonesian Ministry of Health with an analysis unit for children aged 0-59 months in the province of NTB. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate with the help of SPSS 25.0 program. Bivariate test using Chi-square test and multivariate test using logistic regression. This study found that children under five in the province of NTB had a normal nutritional status of 71.2%. There were no differences in the nutritional status of the respondents according to the characteristics of the children, either history of illness or gender, there were significant differences in the nutritional status of the respondents according to the mother's education and the number of household members, and there were no differences in the nutritional status of the respondents according to the environment. It is hoped that the NTB provincial government, the NTB Provincial Health Office, the NTB provincial BKKBN, and the local district/city government can synergize with each other in implementing the stunting toddler intervention program, especially for mothers with low and middle education.
PERANCANGAN PROTOTYPE APLIKASI TIKET WISATA DI KOTA PEMALANG MENGGUNAKAN UX LIFECYCLE
Authors: Rida Khikma Mei , Fitriana Gita Fadila , Darmansah Darmansah
Published: January 2022

Teknologi yang terus berkembang selalu memberikan perubahan baru dalam meningkatkan kualitas dan kinerja suatu perusahaan. Pemesanan tiket wisata merupakan salah satu bisnis yang memerlukan bantuan teknologi informasi yang tepat, karena usaha ini membutuhkan mobilitas yang tinggi, distribusi informasi yang cepat, pelayanan konsumen yang cepat serta komunikasi antar cabang atau kota yang real time. Melalui aplikasi tiket wisata ini pengguna dapat mengetahui lokasi wisata yang dituju secara detail, memesan tiket secara online serta melakukan pembayaran tiket secara digital agar dapat memudahkan wisatawan dalam melakukan transaksi. Data menyatakan dari 21 responden atau 47,6% masyarakat kota Pemalang mengalami kesulitan pada saat memesan tiket wisata di Kota Pemalang. Beberapa masyarakat mengatakan bahwa dalam pembelian tiket terkadang ada antrian yang panjang sehingga memerlukan waktu yang lama, Kesulitan dalam mengantri ketika membeli tiket wisata apalagi di saat weekend, dan Antrian terlalu panjang membuat malas. Sehingga penulis membuat perancangan Prototype aplikasi Tiket Wisata untuk mempermudah wisatawan dalam memesan tiket. Proses perancangan prototype aplikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode User Experience Lifecycle, metode perancangan dilakukan dengan metode the wheel yang digagas oleh Hartson dan Pyla dengan memperhatikan aspek usability dan pengalaman pengguna. Metode ini memiliki empat tahap yaitu analisa, desain, prototipe, dan evaluasi. Pengujian usability pada aplikasi Tiket Wisata dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode System Usability Scale
SELECTION OF CANDIDATE STRAIN FOR VACCINE AGAINST BOVINE CORONAVIRUS PRODUCTION
Authors: Berezenko A. S. , Nedosekov V. V. , Vabishchevych F. S. , Godovskiy O. V.
Published: January 2022

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is one of the most common viruses in the world, causing the disease in domestic cows. This is the virus that causes diarrhea in adult animals and infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract in young cattle, leading to significant economic losses in both dairy and beef animal breeding. BCoV has one serotype with some antigenic variations between different strains and, like other RNA viruses, mutates in the field conditions, and now the isolated isolates have antigenic differences from the strains of viruses isolated previously. That is why vaccines containing more modern or widely cross-reactive strains of bovine coronavirus are needed to increase the effectiveness of animal protection.

The aim of this study was to select the most promising strain of bovine coronavirus isolates isolated in Ukraine for the construction of an effective inactivated vaccine. For this purpose, a cross-neutralization reaction was performed and the antigenic relationship, difference and dominance between the studied field isolates and the reference strain of bovine coronavirus were studied.

According to the study’s results, there are close antigenic linkages between the studied field isolates and the reference strain, as the antigenic relationship between the studied isolates and the reference was in the range of 83-100%, which confirms the fact that they belong to the same serological subtype. According to the research results, the field isolate of bovine coronavirus CV-315 dominates over the reference KL-2 and field isolates CV-114 and CV-172, so it is recommended for use as a new production (vaccine) strain for the development of an effective inactivated bovine coronavirus vaccine.
SUBAERIN SYMBIOTIC: COMPOSITION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECT ON MACROORGANISM
Authors: Biben I. A. , Sosnitskyi O. I. , Zazharskyi V. V.
Published: January 2022

An experimental study of the physiological effect of the symbiotic "Subaerin" on the body of broiler chickens during their fattening and the ability of probiotics feed additive to inhibit the translocation of pathogenic culture of E. coli in the internal environment of white mice. As a result, it was found that the symbiotic "Subaerin" has active antagonistic properties against the epizootic culture of the pathogen of diarrhea, inhibits the translocation of E. coli into the internal environment of white mice and has a positive physiological effect on metabolic processes in broiler chickens for fattening. Symbiotic "Subaerin" is an original biological product used as a dietary supplement to increase the level of native resistance, stimulation of metabolic processes and normalization of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microbiota of the large intestine. The feed additive includes field cultures of probiotics isolated by the developers, namely the production strain Aerococcus viridans BI-07, field saprophytic bacculture Bacillus subtilis strain BI-12 and ecological strain Mycobacterium vaccae "K". Probiotic prokaryotes were isolated by conventional methods from healthy animals or the soil and bird droppings in a state of infectious and environmental well-being and meet species characteristics, have active probiotic potencies, are pathogenic, adaptogenic, capable of forming colloidal biofilms and colonial accumulations on the mucosal mucosal region. Feed dietary supplement symbiotic "Subaerin" consists of live cultures of A. viridans BI-07, Bac. subtilis BI-12, M. vaccae "K" taken in equal proportions, at the rate of 109 l.b.c./ml suspension in a decoction of hay and mushrooms. The suspension is prepared ex tempore and used per os with water or feed in a volume of 1 ml once a day for at least one week. The feeding period depends on the specific technological situation, and can be extended for the entire fattening period. No negative consequences were recorded. The symbiotic "Subaerin" normalizes metabolic processes, stimulates non-specific resistance and has a good effect on the general health of animals, improves their welfare.
ECHINOCOCCOSIS AND CYSTICERCOSIS OF SHEEP AND GOATS IN THE FARMS OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE
Authors: Bogach N. V. , Perots'ka L. V. , Piven O. T.
Published: January 2022

The article provides data on the spread of echinococcosis and cysticercosis of sheep and goats in the farms of the South of Ukraine.

The aim of the study was to monitor echinococcosis and cysticercosis of small cattle in farms in the southern and northern regions of Odessa region.

The research was carried out at the slaughter points of the Odessa region. In order to identify larval cestodoses, carcasses and organs from 322 sheep and 84 goats were examined. In the south of the Odessa region at slaughter points with. Tatarbunary of the Tatarbunar district and Olefirenko LLC of the Liman district, 217 sheep and 45 goats were examined. 105 sheep and 39 goats were examined at the slaughter points of cattle in the Kodimsky district and LLC "Segros" in the Shiryaevsky district of the northern part of the Odessa region.

For the period from 2016 to 2020, four causative agents of larvaceous cestodoses were registered, which include: echinococcosis, cysticercosis ovis (phinosis), tenuikolny and coenurosis (whirligig). Echinococcus infestation of sheep in the southern regions of the Odessa region was in the range from 10.1 % to 14.7 %, and in goats - 10.7-11.1 %, while in the northern regions the infection of sheep was 7.4-8.9 %, and goats - 6.5-7.9 %. The incidence of Cysticercus tenuicollis sheep in the southern regions ranged from 13.8% to 15.7 %, while in the northern regions - from 18.5% to 22.3 %, which is 29.6 % more. In 95 % of sheep, Cysticercus tenuicollis was found on the omentum, in 3 % on the omentum and liver, and in 2 % an only on the liver with an intensity of 3 to 16 cysts per animal. In goats, all cysts were exclusively on the omentum.
EFFICIENCY OF THE «COMBIIOD» MEANS FOR DISINFECTION OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF A POULTRY FACTORY
Authors: Demyanenko D. V. , Berezovsky A. V. , Vashchyk Y. V. , Fotina T. I. , Nazarenko S. M.
Published: January 2022

Keeping a large number of poultry in a limited area leads to the circulation of pathogenic, opportunistic, including sanitary-indicative strains of microorganisms (Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus).

One of the factors in the occurrence and spread of infections among animals and birds is drinking water. Disinfection of drinking water in livestock and poultry enterprises is one of the important conditions for ensuring epizootic well-being.

Reproduction of a large number of microorganisms in watering systems increases the load on the immune system of birds, reduces the effectiveness of immune defense factors, which leads to repeated passage of bacteria, increasing their virulence and the spread of infections accompanied by gastrointestinal syndrome.

Bacteria living in the biofilm become more resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants as a result of information exchange.

Most of the traditional means of sanitation of the water supply system are potentially hazardous to the environment due to the presence of xenobiotics in them, many of them are also aggressive towards production equipment.

For disinfection of the poultry water supply system used iodine-containing agent «Combiiod», manufacturer «BROVAPHARMA», Ukraine (experimental series) in comparison with «Hydrokea» based on hydrogen peroxide and silver ions, manufacturer Daavision, the Netherlands (control).

Determination of the effectiveness of the new means «Combiiod» for disinfection of the water supply system in the conditions of JSC «Avis Ukraine» of the Sumy region was carried out. Means «Combiiod» on the basis of povidone-iodine produced by LLC «BROVAPHARMA» (Ukraine) exhibits a bactericidal effect and is effective for disinfection of the water supply system at a concentration of 0.2 % for an exposure of 2 hours.
EPIZOOTIC MONITORING OF AFRICAN SWINE FEVER IN THE SUMY REGION
Authors: Dudnyk Ye. O.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of epizootological monitoring of ASF among domestic pigs of pig-breeding complexes and the private sector in the Sumy region from 2019 to 2021, and summarizes statistical materials regarding the outbreaks of the disease since the introduction of the virus into Ukraine. The relevance of the method used in the Sumy regional state laboratory of the State Service for Food Safety and Consumer Protection to diagnose African swine fever and its effectiveness in conducting diagnostic studies for the prevention of contagious animal diseases are considered.

The analysis of the obtained data revealed that since 2012 there have been 23 outbreaks of ASF in the Sumy region, 52.2 % of which were recorded among pigs in the private sector, 30.4% - within pig-breeding complexes, and 17.4 % of cases were recorded in wild boars that had been shot dead or found dead on the territory of the region. The first outbreak (2014) was recorded among wild animals, which proves the high probability of spreading African swine fever virus from the territory of the Russian Federation across the border. The incidence rate among private sector domestic pigs indicates a low level of biological safety of this method of keeping animals.

From 2019 to September 2021, 3328 samples (including 1078 samples from private sector and 2250 samples from pig-breeding complexes) from domestic pigs taken from 12 districts and 4 cities of Sumy region were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction. During this period, 3 outbreaks of ASF were recorded.

Based on the results of this work, possible sources of ASF introduction and spread throughout the region were identified, as well as proposals were made on the need to improve the disease monitoring strategy. So, epizootological monitoring of African swine fever by specific and sensitive PCR in pig-breeding complexes and private sector of the Sumy region in 2019-2021 years indicates the circulation of the disease among the pig population. Keeping pigs with all biosafety rules, preventing contact of domestic pigs with wild boars and rapid response to outbreaks of the disease will significantly reduce the risks of further spread of ASF in the Sumy region.
MINERAL COMPOSITION AND QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF BEEKEEPING PRODUCTS BY BEE FEEDING WITH CITRATES Co AND Ge
Authors: Kikish I. B. , Kovalchuk I. I. , Lesyk Ya. V. , Kovalska L. M.
Published: January 2022

The research was conducted on four groups of bees families-analogs, three families in each group. Bees of the control (I) group were fed with 50% of sugar syrup (s.s) in the amount of 300 ml / family / week. Bees of the II (experimental) group with 300 ml of s.s. received 30 mcg of Co in the form of citrate, ΙΙΙ - with 300 ml of s.s. - 60 mcg of Ge in the form of citrate, group IV - with 300 ml of s.s. of 30 mcg of Co and 60 mcg of Ge in the form of citrate. Duration of coagulation of syrup and citrates Co and Ge was 4 weeks. Samples of perga and honey were investigated, in which the content of individual heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Co, Ni, Pb, Cd) was determined on an atomic absorption spectrophotometer SF-115 PC, as well as the qualitative indicators of honey. Statistical analysis of the results was performed with the determination of the mean values and probability according the Student's coefficient.Researches have shown changes in the correlation of trace elements in its products with an increase in the content of Fe in honey when fed 30 mcg Co and a decrease in the concentration of toxic heavy metals such as Pb and Cd in perga at 60 mcg Ge (III g), 30 mcg Co and their combination in the fourth group. More expressed physiological effect of applied nanotechnological Co and Ge citrates on the content of the research microelements in perga and honey was established under the conditions of complex feeding of 30 mcg Co and 60 mcg Ge citrates. Feeding of bees with Co and Ge citrates caused an increase parameters of honey, as evidenced by the probable increase in diastasis number and proline content in honey of bees of the experimental groups. Organoleptic characteristics of honey when feeding bees with Co and Ge citrates did not change significantly in the experimental groups compared with the control and met the current standards of DSTU 4497: 2005. It is concluded that feeding bees with the addition to sugar syrup Co and Ge nanotechnological citrates stimulates mineral exchange in their organism and optimizes the content of trace elements and quality indicators in products.
DISTRIBUTION OF TRANSGENIC PLANTS IN UKRAINE – CURRENT STATE
Authors: Kushnir G. V.
Published: January 2022

Scientific achievement in molecular biology and genetic engineering have made it possible to create new methods of selection k that are based on genome modification. Todays, more and more genetically modified plants are being intensively tested in the field, but their influence has not yet been fully studied on the environment, biodiversity, human health, and the animal body.

 The article analyzes the results of research on the presence of GM ingredients in plant raw materials, processed products, feed for productive and unproductive animals, etc. for the period 2019-2020. Studies on the presence of GMOs were performed by the method of polymerase chain reaction in real-time (PCR-RT), according to DSTU ISO 21569: 2008 (ISO 21569: 2005, IDT), DSTU ISO 21571: 2008 (ISO 21571: 2005, IDT).

 In 2019, 1134 samples were tested and the most positive were found in rapeseed and soybeans. In the study of rapeseed (31 samples) the number of positive samples was 6.5 %, in them were the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pat gene. In the study of soybeans (15 samples), the number of positive samples was 6.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

 In 2020, 1215 samples were tested and was found positive samples in samples of rapeseed, soybeans and feed for productive animals. In the study of rapeseed (27 samples) the number of positive samples was 7.4 %, in them were detected the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and genes Pat and EPSPs. In the study of soybeans (6 samples), the number of positive samples was 16.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and the terminator NOS (T-NOS) T of the plasmid Agrobacterium. In the study of feed for poultry (6 samples) the number of positive was 16.7 %, in them were the target sequences of the terminator NOS (T-NOS) TІ plasmid Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF TRAINING OF OFFICIAL DOGS
Authors: Pustova N. V. , Potapenko T. Y. , Seleman K. V.
Published: January 2022

Training of official dogs takes place in a result from the action of certain methods, methodologies, techniques, receptions and complex of methods on the organism of dog from early age and in particular on the nervous system, that together with the inherited signs forms for the puppy-dog of basis of activity of the nervous system on necessary to the trainer internalss and skills.

The aim of our researches was to define the basic methods of training of official dogs in the cynologistic center of the Khmelnytsk area. Due to a selection and selection a man formed desirable internalss at the different breeds of dogs, sometimes nature strengthened properties of certain orientation, for today to the basic breeds of official dogs belong: the German, Caucasian and Belgian shepherds, doberman, rottweiler and other. During researches studied the purchased experience of the use of the marked breeds of official dogs at implementation by them such tasks: to the search and watching, being of explosive, drugs, weapon and others like that.

Analysing the got results of implementation of tasks the different breeds of official dogs (in accompaniment with a cynologist) it was educed that taking into account genetic potential and individual features of every animal determine an official dog will work in what direction. The methods of training of dogs in a cynologistic center apply such: mechanical, encouraging, contrasting, inheritance.

Taking into account the different methods and techniques of training of official dogs in their basis, making of pavlovian reflexes lies on certain irritants, however in basis of training there is encouragement (delicious, by a toy, stroking, and others like that) : did right - got a reward, wrong - got nothing. Training of official dogs conduct, in an order to produce the special skills for a dog. Not depending on a breed official dogs are able to watch and detain criminals, find a weapon, explosive and drugs, search disappearing people and many other different tasks. Direction an official dog will work after that is determined by his nature and temperament.
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS OF VIRAL DISEASES IN FISHES
Authors: Rud Yu. , Buchatsky L. , Tushnytska N. , Hrytsyniak I.
Published: January 2022

The paper provides information about the main viral diseases of fish found in Ukraine and methods of their diagnosis. Rapid diagnosis of fish viruses using polymerase chain reaction is an affordable and relevant way to monitor and prevent outbreaks of viral diseases. The work of the Laboratory of Biotechnology in Aquaculture of the Institute of Fisheries of NAAS is aimed to develop diagnostic kits for infectious diseases of fish and conducting research in accordance with the procedure of surveillance of fish diseases. For developing diagnostic test systems, attention is paid to the trends of cultured fish species and aquafarming as well as to viruses that circulate in Ukraine or can pass into the Ukrainian aquaculture from neighboring countries. An important role is given to the study of genetic variability of fish viruses, characterized by varying types of virulence. Examples of application the techniques in carrying out diagnostics for the purpose of identification of an infectious agent and the reason of an epizootic are resulted.

A comparative analysis of techniques, components of kits and reagents for optimizing the polymerase chain reaction and its modifications, which can significantly reduce the process of identification of fish viruses, are given. Target genes for oligonucleotide primers selection for PCR diagnosis of viral diseases of fish, namely spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), cyprinid herpesvirus type 3 (CyHV-3 or KHV), carp edema virus (CEV), infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV), Acipenser iridovirus European (AcIV-E).
DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES TO LABORATORY CONTROL OF «BIOTESTLAB» LTD TO ENSURE QUALITY OF VETERINARY PREPARATIONS
Authors: Saliy O. O. , Sinchuk M. O.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the development of approaches to laboratory control and the results of research related to the standardization of methods at Ltd "BIOTESTLAB" to ensure the quality of veterinary drugs. Attention is paid to the methods of biological quality control of veterinary drugs: microbiological purity, hemagglutination reaction (HAR), determination of infectious activity of embryonic vaccines. Because such methods are characterized by low automation, low accuracy, the impact on the result of error due to personnel performing operations manually, the lack of regulatory approaches to validation of methods. The influence on the reliability of the obtained results on determining the titer of infectious activity of the virus of the following factors: quality and concentration of the applied suspension of erythrocytes of a rooster, duration of cultivation of a virus, technique of performance by the controller of each operation of a technique is investigated. Studies on the influence of these factors were conducted on the example of determining the titer of infectious activity of Newcastle disease virus. Approaches to accounting for the obtained results by the method of qualitative HAR, namely visual control of hemagglutination reaction on glass and on a plate are established. A comparative characterization of the results for the detection of hem agglutinin of Newcastle disease virus on glass (using 2% suspension of erythrocytes) and on the plate (using 1% suspension of erythrocytes). The results of inter-laboratory comparative tests of microbiological methods conducted to verify the qualification and reliability of the results are presented. It is demonstrated that the proper organization of laboratory control in measures to confirm the results of control of quantitative methods and evaluation of biological material by standardizing methods, conducting internal laboratory testing and participation in inter-laboratory comparative tests ensures and guarantees the quality of veterinary drugs.
ADVANTAGES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED ON HACCP PRINCIPLES
Authors: Tesarivska U. I. , Holub I. A. , Fliak L. I.
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of the analysis of legal acts and substantiates the advantages of implementing product safety management systems at enterprises, food producers, based on the principles of HACCP. Ukraine's desire to enter international food markets and the latest trends in cooperation with the European Union and other countries will encourage the country's leadership to harmonize Ukrainian food legislation with European ones. The obligation to approximate national legislation to the legislation of European countries, including in the field of sanitary and phytosanitary measures, is a guarantee of the creation and implementation of an effective control system in Ukrainian industries. The article presents normative-legal and legislative acts that determine the procedure for ensuring the safety of food products that are produced, are in circulation, imported or shipped to the customs territory of Ukraine, or, conversely, are exported and shipped from it. The introduction of food safety systems based on HACCP principles helps to optimize technological and ancillary processes, and, ultimately, to obtain a consistently safe, high-quality food product, which is an important step to meet these requirements. Confirmation of the implementation of an effective safety system based on HACCP principles is to ensure that the measures for the production of safe food products carried out by manufacturers are adequate and meet the goal - the production of products that do not harm the consumer, provided the correct method of consumption. In Ukraine there are changes in national legislation and its approximation to the legislation of European countries, relating to the implementation of official control by the state for the full implementation of the HACCP system in enterprises.

The key reason for implementing the HACCP system is effective food quality and safety management, it is a tool to protect the reputation of the producer and in the long run, all players in the food chain - from producers to consumers - receive significant benefits.
THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE MAIN BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CHICKEN LACTOBACTERIA ISSUED IN POULTRY FARMS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Shaiko A. S.
Published: January 2022

Ahiwe, E.U., Tedeschi, Dos Santos, T.T., Graham, H., Iji, P.A. (2021). Can probiotic or prebiotic yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) serve as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics for healthy or disease-challenged broiler chickens? : a review. The J. Appl. Poult. Res. Sep; 30(3).

Ferdous, M.F, Arefin, M.S, Rahman, M.M, Ripon, M.M.R., Rashid, M.H., Sultana, M.R., et al. (2019). Beneficial effects of probiotic and phytobiotic as growth promoter alternative to antibiotic for safe broiler production. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res. Sep; 6(3):409–15.

Kotsiumbas, I.Ya., Hunchak, V.M., Stetsko, T.I. (2013). Problemy vykorystannia antymikrobnykh preparativ dlia stymuliuvannia rostu produktyvnykh tvaryn ta alternatyvy yikh zastosuvanniu. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten Instytutu biolohii tvaryn i Derzhavnoho naukovo-doslidnoho kontrolnoho instytutu vetpreparativ ta kormovykh dobavok. 14(3-4):381-9. [In Ukrainian].
STUDY OF STABILITY OF AVIAN INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS
Authors: Shevchenko N. I. , Sobko Y. A. , Nedosekov V. V.
Published: January 2022

The sale, storage and use of vaccines sensitive to high and low temperatures is a problem that can be minimized by enhancing their stability and, as a consequence, improving the effectiveness of the preparation. Live lyophilized vaccines against avian infectious bronchitis are quite sensitive to environmental conditions. The stability of the preparation depends on a number of factors: the stability of the virus strain, the drying media (stabilizer), the mode of lyophilization and storage conditions of vaccines.

One of the key components is the drying media, which provides protection during lyophilization, the stability of the preparation throughout the shelf life and its effectiveness during use.

The aim of the study was to select the most promising drying media that ensure the stability of vaccines based on strains H-120 and VAR2/V2 during the required shelf life.

The results of studies of the effect of different drying media (stabilizers) on the stability of live vaccines against avian infectious bronchitis from strains H-120 and VAR2/V2 at a temperature of 2-8°C and 37 °C. The results show that stabilizers, which include enzymatic peptone and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ensure the stability of live vaccines against IB from strains H-120 and VAR2/V2 for 18-24 months at a temperature of 2-8°C. The nature of lyophilisate formation, its quality and solubility were studied.

The article publishes fragments of research related to the technology of production of live vaccines POLIMUN against avian infectious bronchitis (IB). In order to protect the technology, the authors presented the maximum possible data on the composition of drying media.
ACTIVITY RANGE OF COMMERCIAL PHAGE PREPARATIONS AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES
Authors: Yushchenko Alla , Garkavenko Tetiana , Klestova Zinaida
Published: January 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was first discovered in 1962, since then it has been recognized as a major causative agent of healthcare-associated infections. MRSA infections are usually divided into three groups: hospital- (HA), community- (CA) and livestock-associated (LA) MRSA. The incidence of LA-MRSA infections among livestock and companion animals is a great concern because these sources could potentially be reservoirs for zoonotic infections. In Ukraine, recent statistics indicated approximately 82 % of tested livestock were S. aureus positive with 53.8 % of resistance. In addition, the diversity of MRSA in Ukraine has not been investigated.

Antibiotic resistance during treatment in both clinical practice and veterinary medicine remains a challenge and requires alternative solutions. Bacteriophage-based treatment represents a promising biocontrol strategy with proven effectiveness against MRSA. The purpose of our research was to evaluate the activity of two commercial phage preparations against a local collection of LA-MRSA host strains and to characterize and adapt individual phages isolated from these preparations with the desired goal of enhancing their efficacy.

In our study, we tested two commercial phage preparations (Eliava BioProduction, Georgia) Staphylococcus Bacteriophage and Intesti Bacteriophage on local LA-MRSA isolates. In addition, we utilized two single phages we isolated from these preparations. Both commercial phage preparations showed variable activity against the tested isolates. Intesti Bacteriophage cocktail lysed 60 % of isolates, whereas the single phage isolated from it was found to be ineffective. Staphylococcus Bacteriophage preparation showed activity against 30 % of MRSA tested, while the isolated phage was active against 70 % of the tested isolates. For the first time in Ukraine, in this study we assessed host range of commercial phages on local circulating livestock-associated MRSA. Further host range analysis on an expanded collection of Ukrainian MRSA isolates as well as taxonomic and genomic characterization of the phages is planned.