bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Organizational Readiness for Implementing ERP System Using Fuzzy Expert System Approach
Authors: Hajilari Amir Beirami , Ghadaksaz Mahsa , Fasghandis Gholamreza Soltani
Published: January 2017

Efficient use of enterprise resource planning systems is the only way to achieve competitive advantage in many industries. However, many reports indicate high failure rate of ERP implementation projects and the lack of access to benefits and advantages that enterprises have expected from ERP deployment. Managers are concerned about being ready to deploy such a system. Despite its enormous cost, implementing enterprise resource planning systems fail in practice. Accordingly, this study aims at providing a model for assessing the readiness of organizations for the implementation of ERP by using fuzzy expert systems. The model is composed of six fuzzy expert systems which are designed at two levels. The first five levels are the factors affecting the readiness of a system to produce the scores for an output. These outputs have been used as input to the final system for assessing the organization's readiness to implement the ERP system. In the design of each fuzzy expert system, fuzzy triangular membership functions were applied that had been selected for increasing the efficiency and ease of use. The Results of the model and its use in Shahid Ghazi Pharmaceutical Company show the status of readiness of the proposed model for ERP implementation. Moreover, the model shows the status of the organizations with regard to each of the factors affecting the implementation of the ERP system.
Zero-Crossing Analysis and Information Divergence of Lévy Walks for Real-Time Feature Extraction
Authors: Gonzalez Jesus David Terrazas , Kinsner Witold
Published: January 2017

A method, based on the Smirnov transform, for generating synthetic data with the statistical properties of Lévy-walks is presented. This method can be utilized for generating arbitrary prescribed probability density functions (pdf). A cybersecurity engineering problem associated with Internet traffic is addressed. The synthetic Lévy-walks process is intertwined with sections of distinct characteristics creating a composite signal that is analyzed through zero-crossing rate (ZCR) within a varying-size window to identify sections. The advantages of the ZCR computation directly in the time-domain are appealing for real-time implementations. Moreover, the characterization of the degree of closeness, via the Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD), among the pdfs of arbitrary processes (focusing on Lévy walks) and model pdfs is presented. The results obtained from the KLD experiments provide a categorical determination of the closeness degree. These results, a remarkable achievement in this research, are also promising to be used as features for classification of complex signals in real-time.
Institutional Repositories in Universities in Nigeria
Authors: Oye Peter Olorunlake , Oyeniyi David Ajibola , Mahan David Ezekiel
Published: January 2017

The desire of academic institutions to link up to the virtual repository is a global phenomenon. Traditional scholarly publication through established journals characterized by peer review is being challenged by less formal net-based communication that links scholars essentially instantaneously. The contention is that universities need to preserve the benefits of the old system, in which the review process provides cohesion to a given field, while taking advantage of the speed and ease of access promised by the new media. This paper explores the Nigerian situation as it pertains to universities. The paper is basically descriptive and relies mostly on empirical evidences. It was revealed that because of the opportunities created by this new innovation, there is a burning and widespread desire to latch on this opportunity to increase the visibility of their intellectual output and productivity in the universities. The universities also face challenges in this respect which includes poor technology infrastructure, inadequate funding and lack of awareness amongst others. It is believed that if progress made so far is sustained with improvements on challenges the development, management and deployment of IRs will record tremendous success in universities in Nigeria.
The Effects of Faculty Status, Faculty Gender, Field of Study, and Class Size on the Use of Blogs, Wikis, and Discussion Boards
Authors: Yang Dazhi , Spear Caile E.
Published: January 2017

This study examined faculty's use of time intensive Web 2.0 technologies (blogs, discussion forums, and wikis) in teaching during a university's quest for higher research productivity and higher ranking in the Carnegie Classification. Results show there was a difference in using Web 2.0 technologies in teaching between faculty with different status (tenure track and non-tenure track), male and female instructors, and among faculty members in different disciplinary areas. The study also reports how class sizes impacted faculty's use of time-consuming technologies in teaching across disciplines. Findings indicate the importance of planning and building technological changes and integration into an organizational strategic planning process to ensure continuing and effective integration of technology in teaching.
Potential of Cost-Effective Mobile Learning in Resource and Bandwidth Constrained Environments
Authors: Mahenge Michael P.J.
Published: January 2017

E-learning has received significant research attention over years in order to ensure reliability, availability and cost-effectiveness through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The evolvement of mobile computing devices especially smartphones brings prospects in overcoming the inherent limitations of the Internet when accessing contents on web. Among the potential opportunity revealed includes the ability to work offline. Therefore, this study aims at analyzing the existing online and offline electronic-learning systems in order to explore the uniqueness, technical problems and opportunities in this field. Similarly, this study proposes synchronization and caching solution for cost-effective electronic-learning content delivery. The proposed approach synchronizes contents from the remote servers to local database in mobile computing devices for offline use. It therefore contributes to reliability, cost-effectiveness, timely and increase motivation in learning activities.
Spectrum Analysis of Sidebands in Industrial Drives
Authors: Kumar K. Vinoth , Kumar S. Suresh , Selvakumar A. Immanuel
Published: January 2017

This paper deals with the diagnosis of induction motors (IM) with the so-called motor current signature analysis (MCSA). The MCSA is one of the most efficient techniques for the detection and the localization of electrical and mechanical failures, in which faults become apparent by harmonic components around the supply frequency. This paper presents a summary of the most frequent faults and its consequences on the stator current spectrum of an IM. A three-phase IM model was used for simulation taking into account in one hand the normal healthy operation and in the other hand the broken rotor bars, the shorted turns in the stator windings, the voltage unbalance between phases of supply and the abnormal behavior of load. The MCSA is used by many authors in literature for faults detection of IM. The major contribution of this work is to prove the efficiency of this diagnosis methodology to detect different faults simultaneously, in normal and abnormal functional conditions. The results illustrate good agreement between both simulated and experimental results.
Survey of Vulnerabilities and Mitigation Techniques for Mooc-Based Applications
Authors: Shahriar Hossain , Haddad Hisham M. , Lebron David , Lupu Rubana
Published: January 2017

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are commonly hosted as web servers for learners worldwide to access education and learning materials at low cost. Many of the well-known MOOCs have adopted open source software and database technologies and frequently operate within cloud environments. It is likely that the well-known software security vulnerabilities may manifest to MOOC-based applications. Unfortunately, few studies have identified a set of common vulnerabilities applicable to MOOC-based applications. This paper1 presents an exploratory study of potential security vulnerabilities and challenges for MOOC platforms, and it provide some guidelines and suggestions to mitigate these concerns. This study helps practitioners (educators and developers) to adopt MOOC applications while considering potential vulnerabilities and be prepared to deal with these risks.
Preparation and Characteristics of Light Foam Cement
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chu Hui Chao , Li Hui , Hua Chun Yu , Lyu Xian Jun
Published: January 2017

This present paper took ordinary Portland cement as main raw materials to prepare foam cement with properties, such as lightweight, high strength, and heat preservation, by the method of chemical foaming. The authors discussed the effects on the properties by key factors like water/cement ratio, foaming agents, foam stabilizers, accelerator and fibers of foam cement objects. Taken all the results show that in the condition that water/cement ratio of 0.48, foaming agents, foam stabilizers, accelerators and polypropylene fibers were adopted accounting for the quality of cement of 4.8%, 0.6%, 0.25% and 0.4% respectively, the characteristics of prepared formed cement samples could conform to the requirement of standard of JC/T266 formed cement.
Influence of Concrete Synergist on Performance of Stone Chip Concrete
Authors: Huang Cheng , Tang Shao Ming , Zhu Peng Lai , Niu Mao Wei , Zhang Jin Jian
Published: January 2017

The concrete synergist can reduce the amount of cementitious material, keep the performance of the concrete not reducing or even improving. By adjusting the ratio, effect of concrete synergist on the properties of stone chip concrete was studied, results showed that in reducing the dosage of cement, concrete synergist can also effectively improve the working performance of concrete. The early strength of concrete adding synergist is inferior as that of the base, after the later the strength will increase slightly. Adding synergist, shrinkage of concrete is larger, the contraction slows after later period. By adding concrete synergist, concrete electric flux declines slightly, which is beneficial to anti permeability of concrete. Concrete synergist can optimize the microstructure of concrete and increase the density of concrete. The application of the concrete synergist is feasible and can be used to improve the efficiency of the materials.
Nano-Engineered Strong, Durable and Multifunctional/Smart Concretes
Authors: Ding Si Qi , Zhang Li Qing , Sun Sheng Wei , Ou-Yang Jian , Han Bao Guo
Published: January 2017

Micro/meso scale modification can bring big changes in macroscale property. The addition of nanofillers makes materials strong, durable and multifunctional/smart. This paper aims at studying mechanical property, durability, electrical property, electromagnetic property and piezoresistivity of concrete with nanosilica (NS), carbon nanotube (CNT), botryoid hybrid carbon material (BHCBM), nanographite platelet (NGP) and nanotip material (spiky spherical nickel particles), respectively. Results demonstrate that the compressive and flexural strengths of concrete show significant increases with the increasing contents of NS. The addition of CNT obviously enhances the transport property of concrete. The BHCBM endows the excellent electrical conductivity with concrete. Both shielding effectiveness and electromagnetic wave absorbing performance of concrete can be achieved by adding NGP. The concrete with nanotip material has ultrahigh piezoresistive response to stress and strain.
Enhanced Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,B)-Based Cermets with Multi-Component AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloys Binder
Authors: Zhu Gang , Sun Shao Xia , Chen Jia Lin , Xie Ming , Hu Jie Qiong
Published: January 2017

In this study, Ti (C,N)-based cermets with multi-component AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys binder were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying and low pressure sintering. The results indicate that the introduction of AlCoCrFeNi HEAs binder extended the formation process of (W,M)C rim phase by WC diffusion-solution mechanism, and repressed the precipitation process of the outer rim phase. On the other hand, the TEM micro-area analysis revealed a lath modulated structure, which massive nanoparticles are precipitated in the spinodal plate zone, 3-20nm in diameter. The nanocrystalline dispersion would provide an effective precipitation strengthening effect. The results of mechanical properties revealed that the cermets with AlCoCrFeNi HEAs binder achieved the co-enhancement of hardness and toughness. The novel material exhibits a high Vickers hardness of 1787 MPa, along with a good fracture toughness value of 11.4 MPa m1/2.
Research on the Friction and Wear Properties of Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: Yang Jian Jian , Yan Hua
Published: January 2017

In this rsearch, MRFs with different viscosities were prepared. The friction and wear behaviors of carbonyl iron-based MRFs were investigated on a four-ball machine. In addition, the microscopic changes of surfaces were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to interpret the possible friction and wear mechanisms of MRF.It is found that the friction reducing and anti-wear properties are improved by increasing the viscosity of base oil and SiO2 content. Additionally, the operating sequence of sample injection and loading affects the entrainment of iron particles in the sliding surface.
The First Principle Studies on the Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Effect of Ni2YIn(Y=Fe, Co) Heusler Alloys
Authors: Ren Zhi , Jiao Jian , Liu Yang , Song Jing Jiang , Zhang Xiao Hong , Liu He Yan , Li Song Tao
Published: January 2017

The atom occupied sites, structures, tetragonal transformation and magnetic properties are studied by the first principles calculations. From least energy principle, the calculated equilibrium lattice parameter is 6.03 Å and 6.00 Å for Cu2MnAl type Ni2YIn (Y=Fe, Co) alloys, respectively. The Ni2YIn (Y=Fe, Co) alloys show steady martensitic phases at c/a=1.29 and c/a=1.36 based on the EBP’s method. Ni atoms and Y (Y=Fe, Co) contribute to the total magnetic moments, and keep parallel aligned in martensitic and austenitic phases. The Ni2YIn (Y=Fe, Co) alloys are the candidates for Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys.
Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Sn-Zn Alloy Sheets Processed by Extrusion and Hot Rolling
Authors: Chen Yuan , Liu Hao , Gao Gen Tao , Fang Dan , Wang Yi , Jin Li , Jiang Yan
Published: January 2017

Mg-5Sn alloys containing different Zn contents (Zn=1, 2, 3; wt.%) were extruded at 380°C with a extrusion ratio of 29, rolled at 400°C with a total rolling reduction of 50% subsequently. The microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of as-extruded and as-rolled sheets were investigated. The results indicated that Zn played a vital role on microstructure and mechanical properties under extrusion and rolling conditions, the strength and elongation were improved with Zn addition due to recrystallization texture during hot processing. The Mg-5Sn sheet with high Zn content exhibited a high degree of dynamic recrystallization and stable strain hardening rate. The anisotropy of hot deformation alloys was weakened with increasing Zn content, especially for as-extruded alloy. The Mg-5Sn-3Zn alloy exhibited best comprehensive mechanical properties under both extrusion and rolling condition.
The Strength-Ductility Balance of an Ultrafine-Grained Medium-Carbon Steel Produced by Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Ning Jiang Li , Huang Lu , Zhang Ya Tong
Published: January 2017

By processing with different high pressure torsion procedures, we obtained ultrafine-grained structures in medium-carbon steel and pure iron with different microstructural features. The UFG carbon steel exhibited a better balance of tensile strength and ductility in comparison with the UFG pure iron. The higher strength of the carbon steel is ascribed to the finer ferrite grain size, the dispersed carbide particles and the presence of alloying elements. The reasonable ductility of carbon steel is attributed to the maintaining of positive work hardening rate at high strain stage of tension, owing to the presence of intragranular particles and high fraction of high-angle boundaries.
Magnetostructural Coupling in Mn-Rich Heusler Mn-Ni-In Melt-Spun Ribbons
Authors: Yang Yi Qiao , Li Zong Bin , Li Zhen Zhuang , Zhao Xiang
Published: January 2017

The effect of In addition on the magnetostructural transition behavior and magnetocaloric effect in the Mn-rich Heusler Mn-Ni-In melt spun ribbons have been studied in the present work. With the increasing of the In content, the crystal structure of the alloys are tetragonal NM martensite (for x=7~8.5), 7M monoclinic martensite (for x=9, 9.5) and L21 austenite (for x=10, 11), respectively. It was found that the increase of the In content results in both a progressive decrease of the martensitic transformation temperature and a continuously enhancement of the austenite magnetic transition temperature. For the ribbons with In content of 9.5 at%, it shows the combination of the structural transformation and the magnetic transition. The large magnetization difference between the two phases confirms the occurrence of the field-induced martensitic reverse transformation.
Preparation and Characterization of SO42-/Fe-Al-Activated Solid Acid Catalyst
Authors: Hao Xiang Ying , Zhang Yu Li , Shen Guan Hua , Wu Wen Sheng
Published: January 2017

SO42-/ Al-Fe-activated solid acid catalysts had been prepared in different conditions using cross-linking method, and characterized by XRD, BET, FTIR spectra and TG-DTA. The catalyst performed highly catalytic activity in the hydration of turpentine to α-terpineol.
Evaluation of the Aging Behavior of High Density Polyethylene in Thermal Oxidative Environment by Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Dai Jun , Yan Hua , Yang Jian Jian , Guo Jun Jun
Published: January 2017

To evaluate the aging behavior of high density polyethylene (HDPE) under an artificial accelerated environment, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to establish a non-dimensional expression Z from a data set of multiple degradation parameters of HDPE. In this study, HDPE samples were exposed to the accelerated thermal oxidative environment for different time intervals up to 64 days. The results showed that the combined evaluating parameter Z was characterized by three-stage changes. The combined evaluating parameter Z increased quickly in the first 16 days of exposure and then leveled off. After 40 days, it began to increase again. Among the 10 degradation parameters, branching degree, carbonyl index and hydroxyl index are strongly associated. The tensile modulus is highly correlated with the impact strength. The tensile strength, tensile modulus and impact strength are negatively correlated with the crystallinity.
Effect of Mechanical Processing on Intrinsic Stress and its Distribution in Polycarbonate Screw Cap
Authors: Yang Qiang , Liu Jun , Li Ming Zhen , Wei Qi Long
Published: January 2017

The polycarbonate (PC) screw cap part had cracking problem during storage, which mechanism needed to be studied. The effect of mechanical processing on the intrinsic stress and its distribution in PC screw cap part was investigated in the paper. The analytical results indicated that the round pieces cut from polycarbonate bar had certain intrinsic stress residue from processing course, which decreased obviously after de-stress heat treatment. Mechanical processing also led to obviously increased intrinsic stress in screw cap part, which could be decreased obviously by another de-stress heat treatment. But the heat treatment increased the aging degree and cracking probability for polycarbonate screw cap part, and was not suggested to carry out on screw cap. Based on the experimental results, some suggestions were also given to lower the intrinsic stress in screw cap.
Self-Healing Polymeric Materials
Authors: Su Cui Cui , Chen Jian Sheng
Published: January 2017

During the last few years, synthetic self-healing materials have become a new class of emerging smart materials with the ability to repair damage and restore lost or degraded properties or performance using resources inherently available to the system. Success in the design of self-healing materials is important to material safety, product reliability and prolonged lifetime. This article covers fundamental material-independent principles and different self-healing approaches for polymeric materials. Among these approaches, some depend on specific external stimulus to achieve their goal while others regain the physical properties of the pristine material without such external intervention. Both the mechanisms and performance of different methods are discussed and evaluated, along with their advantages and disadvantages. In the end, both the potential application areas and the main challenges are also discussed in this article for a better understanding of future development trend of self-healing polymeric materials.
Low-Working-Temperature and High-NO2-Sensing Properties of SnO2/PANI Hybrid Material Sensors
Authors: Xu Hong Yan , Wu Teng Teng , Li Wen Ru , Yu Huan Qin , Zhai Ting , Wang Jie Qiang , Cao Bing Qiang
Published: January 2017

In this work, SnO2 porous nanosolids were obtained from SnO2 nanopowders by using a solvo-thermal hot-press method. Then, by using the conventional thick-film sensors preparation technology, SnO2 porous thick-film gas sensor was prepared from it. Meanwhile, polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization. After that, by mechanical method, the SnO2/PANI composite gas sensors were fabricated. The intrinsic resistances and gas sensing properties of sensors to NO2, NH3, H2 and ethanol vapor were tested. Compared with the SnO2 porous gas sensors, the optimum operation temperature of SnO2/PANI hybrid gas sensors decreased dramatically. And SnO2/PANI hybrid gas sensors showed satisfying selectivity and high sensitivity for NO2.
In Situ Synthesis of Size-Controlled Silver/Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Nanocomposite
Authors: Gu Chun , Luo Guo Qiang , Zhang Rui Zhi , Zhang Jian , Li Yuan , Li Mei Juan , Shen Qiang , Zhang Lian Meng
Published: January 2017

In this work, monodispersed silver nanoparticles with controllable size have been successfully in situ synthesized in PMMA matrix. NaHS, HCl and poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) were used to optimize the nucleation and growth of silver nanocrystalline. UV–vis analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the size and dispersion of silver nanoparticles in the Ag/PMMA nanocomposites. The results show that silver nanoparticles homogeneously distribute in PMMA/DMF sol and the particle size of silver nanoparticles increase with the increasing of time. The nucleation of Ag atoms can be facilitated through the addition of a trace amount of NaHS to generate Ag2S clusters as heterogeneous nuclei. Introducing a trace amount of Cl- into the reaction system can effectively reduce the growth rate of the nanoparticles and thus generating more uniform silver nanoparticles in PMMA matrix.
Preparation and Luminescence Properties of Dy3+ Doped Sr3Lu(PO4)3 as a New Single Phase White Light Emitting Phosphor
Authors: Du Jiang Nan , Xu Deng Hui , Yang Zai Fa , Gao Xue Dong , Sun Jia Yue
Published: January 2017

The novel white light emitting phosphors Sr3Lu(1-x)Dyx(PO4)3 (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10) were synthesized via a conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction method at 1250°C. The excitation spectrum indicated that these phosphors had a strong absorption in near UV region in the range from 260 to 460 nm. And under 350 nm excitation, the blue emission at 483nm (4F9/2→6H15/2) and yellow emission at 576 nm (4F9/2→6H13/2) were observed in the phosphors, respectively. We studied the effect of different doping concentrations of Dy3+ activator on the luminescence properties and found that the optimum doping concentration is 6 mol%. According to the Dexter’s theory, this quenching behavior is ascribed to be electric d-d interaction. Furthermore, the chromaticity coordinate (x = 0.28, y = 0.32) of Sr3Lu (PO4)3:0.06Dy3+ phosphor was very close to the “ideal white” (x = 0.33, y = 0.33) in the chromaticity diagram. Our results indicate that the Sr3Lu (PO4)3:Dy3+ phosphor can serve as a promising candidate for single-component white light emitting phosphor under near UV excitation.
Up-Conversion Luminescence Properties of Ho3+ Doped and Yb3+/Ho3+ Co-Doped Y2WO6 Phosphors
Authors: Gao Xue Dong , Xu Deng Hui , Zhu Yao Hui , Yang Zai Fa , Du Jiang Nan , Sun Jia Yue
Published: January 2017

In this article, Ho3+ doped and Yb3+/ Ho3+ co-doped Y2WO6 phosphors were successfully prepared via high temperature solid method. Their structures were investigated with X-ray diffraction, the up-conversion (UC) excitation from a 980 nm diode laser, and the developed phosphor shown two UC emission bands in the visible region 540 and 643 nm. Based on the result, the intensity of the frequency up-conversion emission was enhanced significantly through co-doping with Yb3+ ions in the Y2WO6: Ho3+ phosphor. The dependence of emission intensity on the pump power indicated that the up-conversion emission was a two-photon process. At last, the energy level diagrams was discussed. The results show that Y2WO6 is a promising host material for UC phosphors.
A Facile In Situ Synthesis of Carbon Supported Nickel Phosphide (Ni5P4@C) and Application as Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction Catalyst in Alkaline Electrolyte
Authors: Li Run Fu , Li Hua , Chen Hui Ying , Xia Jian Xin , Long Chun Lin
Published: January 2017

Monodisperse nickel phosphide (Ni5P4) nanoparticles supported on carbon (Ni5P4@C) were in situ synthesized by one step solution-phase route, in which the mixture of trioctyloxide (TOPO) and trioctylphosphine (TOP) was used as solvent, capping agent and phosphor source. Ni5P4nanocrystals were in situ coupled by active carbon simply adding the carbon to the reaction solution. The as-prepared Pt-free Ni5P4 nanocrystals exhibit the enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) compared to pure commercial Ni nanoparticles. Therefore, the obtained Ni5P4@C nanocatalyst appears to be promising non precious metal electrocatalysts for HOR.
The Effect of Calcination Temperature on Electrochemical Performance of Porous LaMnO3 Catalyst in Al-Air Battery
Authors: Xiang Fu Wei , Chen Xiu Hua , Ma Hui Wen , Yu Jie , Zhang Hui , Shang Yu Dong , Wang Yue Chun
Published: January 2017

This study focuses on the development of the pervoskite catalyst for aluminum-air battery. The catalyst powders of porous pervoskite LaMnO3 were prepared by template method with different calcination temperatures. Material characteristics of prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermalgravimetry (TG). The half-cell polarization curves and cyclic voltammetry curves were found to be strongly depended on the calcination temperature. The result showed the optimized calcination temperature was 650°C. The full-cell discharge test in NaCl solution (3.5 wt%) with a constant discharge current of 10 mA/cm2 was performed at room temperature, and the discharge voltage of sample synthesized under optimized calcination temperature was 0.73 V.
Facile Synthesis of Electrospun LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Nanofiber as High-Performance Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Cao Zhi Yuan , Song Yu Feng , Shen Xia , Fang Jian Hui
Published: January 2017

Ni-rich layer LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 cathode materials have been synthesized by Electrospinning and co-precipitation method. The physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of the LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 nanofibers were investigated by X-ray diffraction, field emission−scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy,Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) measurements, and galvanostatic tests. The electrospun nanofibers with small particle size and hollow tubes provided fast lithium ion intercalation and de-intercalation properties, leading to an enhanced electrochemical capability for LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 nanofibers.
Effects of the Processing on Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Structural Steel HG785D
Authors: Ye Tie , Lu Zhi Wen , Ma Chun Hua
Published: January 2017

The steel ingots of high-strength structural steel HG785D were produced by using a special water-cooled copper ingot mold. It analyzed the reason of the slab to achieve rapid solidification and shrinkage reducing with the simulation by using AnyCasting software. The difference properties between 100mm and 240mm steel plate with the same components were studied. The results show that properties are better with the increasing of the compression ratio, the times of TMCP and the reduction. The properties of 240mm steel plate with different composition were studied under the same heat treatment condition. Niobium, vanadium and titanium are in favor of the mechanical properties, but have little effect on the plasticity of structural steel. It should increase the harden ability of the alloy elements to improve mechanical properties of the steel HG785D.
Peparation of 20 wt.% Pt0.5Pd0.5/C Nanoelectrocatalysts by Electroless and their Electrocatalytic Properties
Authors: Jin Bing Jie , Zhang Yu Hui , Gao Ke Pan , Wang Cheng Yan
Published: January 2017

This work presents investigations on preparation of 20 wt. % Pt0.5Pd0.5/C nanoelectrocatalysts by electroless and their electrocatalytic properties. The 20 wt. % Pt0.5Pd0.5/C nanoelectrocatalysts were prepared by electroless successfully. The optimum experimental conditions of the main effect factors in preparing the PtPd nanoelectrocatalysts are [Pt2+ or Pd2+] =2-10g/L, [HCHO] =10-20g/L, temperature: 40-60°C, the dosage of protection reagent: 1-3 % of the platinum and palladium content, the agitation rate 400-500r/min. The characterization of 20 wt. % Pt0.5Pd0.5/C was performed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively. Particles of PtPd are distributed symmetrically on C by TEM, of which are very small and the average granularity is less than 3nm. The nanoelectrocatalysts have high stabilization and lots of catalysis nuclei through CV.
Preparation of Nickel and Manganese Oxides Composite via Co-Precipitation Method and its Supercapacitive Performance
Authors: Wang Zhong Yang , Fan Run Hua , Li Qian Qian , Qian Lei
Published: January 2017

The nickel and manganese oxides (Ni-Mn oxides) were prepared by a simple co-precipitation process with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as precipitant. The products are the mixture of nickel oxides, manganese oxides and their solid solution. The phase and morphology of the synthesized product were characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope. The electrochemical capacitive characterization was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements in a 6mol/L KOH aqueous solution electrolyte. The result shows that a maximal specific capacitance value when stoichiometric amounts of NiCl2 and MnCl2 are equal (cationic ratio of Ni:Mn=1:1) which the specific capacitance is 110 F/g (at a current density of 1A/g). Overall we found that the nickel and manganese oxides have better electrochemical performance compared to the single parts, and while the introduction of nickel oxides can further improve the performance.
Facile Synthesis of CeMOFs-Graphene Oxide Composites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Zhou Mi , Sun Li Xian , Xu Fen
Published: January 2017

CeMOF-graphene oxide (GO) composite (CeMOF-nGO, n=1, 5, 9, corresponding to the percentage of GO at 1, 5 and 9%) was synthesized through a facile synthesis method at room temperature. The parent and composite materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. Their photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution were systematically tested by Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). The novel CeMOF-nGO materials exhibit an obvious photocatalytic degradation property and the CeMOF-5GO shows a remarkable catalytic ability in the degradation of methylene blue (86.62%) under visible light. In general, the combination of CeMOF and graphene oxide provides us a bright future to explore the unique properties of rare-earth MOFs-GO composites on degradation of organic pollution and many other fields.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Congo Red on Bentonite Modified with CaCO3
Authors: Zhang Han Bing , Chen Ning Hua , Tong Zhang Fa , Liu Qi Feng , Tang Yan Kui , Zhou Zi Li , Shi Hua Zhen
Published: January 2017

Both bentonite and CaCO3 are cheap and abundant superior regional non-metal ores in Guangxi province, so it is very meaningful to jointly exploit bentonite and CaCO3 for real applications. In this study, bentonite modified with CaCO3 (CCB) was prepared and its adsorption performance of Congo Red (CR) and Methylene Blue (MB) was evaluated by investigating the adsorption influencing effects of initial pH, SDBS and phosphate. Adsorption isotherms and adsorption kinetics models were also fitted to analysis the corresponding kinetic characteristics of CCB. The results show that CCB exhibited superior adsorption performance with the respective > 90% MB and CR removal within the initial pH range 2 ~ 10. To a certain extent, MB removal efficiencies by CCB can be increased with the addition of SDBS. On the other hand, CR adsorption on CCB was inhibited slightly in presence of SDBS. But as a whole, removal efficiencies of MB and CR by CCB were kept constant when SDBS co-existed. MB and CR adsorption on CCB decreased to some extent because of competitive adsorption effect when phosphate co-existed. It also demonstrated that CCB can remove phosphate at the same time with dyes. Adsorption models including adsorption isotherms adsorption kinetics indicated that MB and CR adsorption on CCB was a monolayer process, and the adsorption rate depended on both adsorbent and adsorbate. In summary, CCB is a promising adsorbent for dyes removal with many advantages such as simple preparation technology, excellent adsorption performance for anionic and cationic dyes, broad fitting pH range and SDBS resistance. Besides, it can remove dyes together with phosphate at the same time. Therefore, this study is very useful for the dyeing wastewater treatment and exploiting the resources of bentonite and CaCO3.
Palladium-Silica Organic-Inorganic Membrane Materials via a Sol-Gel Process: Preparation and Properties Calcined under H2 Atmosphere
Authors: Yang Jing , Li Lin Yu , Hou Hai Yun , Tong Zhi
Published: January 2017

Pd-doped SiO2 organic-inorganic membrane materials were prepared via a sol-gel process. The sol stability is characterized by sol particle size and zeta potential analysis. And the properties of the Pd-doped SiO2 organic-inorganic membrane materials are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis and N2 absorption-adsorption measurement. The results showed that the sol particle size distributions are relatively narrow. With the increase of Pd content, the sol particle sizes slightly increase and the zeta potentials decreases until the palladium/tetraethylorthosilicate molar ratio closes to the isoelectric point. After calcined at 350 °C under H2 atmosphere, the added PdCl2 is reduced to metallic Pd0 completely, and the hydrophobic Si−CH3 groups exist in the SiO2 network. The Pd atoms have a lower concentration on the surface and more Pd atoms embedded in the SiO2 matrix. The Pd-doped SiO2 membrane materials calcined at 350 °C with a palladium/tetraethylorthosilicate molar ratio of 0.15 exhibit large BET surface area (up to 683.36 m2/g) and total pore volume (up to 0.386 cm3/g), as well as a mean pore diameter of about 2.26 nm.
Electroless Deposition of NiMoB Diffusion Barrier Layer Film for ULSI-Cu Metallization
Authors: Wang Yue Chun , Chen Xiu Hua , Ma Wen Hui , Liu Xue Mei , Li Yu Ping , Bi Ping , Xiang Fu Wei
Published: January 2017

NiMoB alloy films were deposited on silicon substrate by electroless deposition for diffusion barrier application in copper interconnects technology. NiMoB(40nm)/SiO2/Si and NiMoB(20nm)/Cu (40nm)/NiMoB(40nm)/SiO2/Si samples were prepared and annealed at temperatures ranging from 400◦C to 600◦C. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Four Point Probes (FPP) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to investigate the phases, composition, sheet resistance and surface morphology. The results showed that electroless deposited NiMoB film can be used as an effective Cu diffusion barrier layer until 500◦C. And the failure mechanism is that NiMoB crystallized and grains grew after annealing at high temperature, a large number of Cu grains passed through NiMoB film via grain boundaries and then reacted with Si substrate and oxygen, causing the generation of highly resistive Cu4Si and CuO.
Computational Investigation of Interfacial Cracks Changes of TiAl Alloy
Authors: Song Gen Zong , Zhang Lin
Published: January 2017

In an effort to develop into a practical application of TiAl alloys for aerospace materials, Researchers at home and abroad in the use of alloying and thermal processing methods to improve the brittleness and other areas a lot of work.The existence of cracks which led to the kinds of material degradation of the major causative factor. However, it is difficult for us to observed the change of the local atom structure of the material by experiments in the limitation from our experimental conditions, nevertheless, computational research provide us the possibility that we can observe the evolution of the structure. Molecular dynamics calculation is considered to be well suited to describe the change of potential energy of the atoms in such a system. Embedded atom method (EAM) and canonical ensemble (NVT) molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to obtain pre-cracks of different lengths of the structure of TiAl alloy. According to the average energy of atoms and the radial density distribution function, with increasing temperature the changes, analysis of TiAl alloy films of micro-cracks in the heating process, the structure changes with temperature.
Application of Mg-Al Layered Double Hydroxides Composite Fillers in the Water-Based Heat Insulation Coating
Authors: Zhao Yan Hua , Shen Guan Hua , Deng Qu Yun , Wu Chu , Wu Hao Ping , Cheng Wen Jing , Li Hui Ning , Hao Xiang Ying
Published: January 2017

The water-based heat insulation coatings were prepared based on self-made Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH), kaolin, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate and talcum powder. The heat insulation effects of different fillers single use and Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) compound use with them were investigated. The results of heat insulation test experiments reveal that Self-made Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) shows good heat insulation effect. Furthermore, after combining LDH with kaolin and titanium dioxide, the heat insulation effect is improved obviously and shows a positive synergy effect; whereas combining LDH with barium sulfate, the heat insulation effect is reduced obviously and shows a negative synergy effect. Finally, the Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (LDH) and the reflection of the prepared film were characterized by X-ray Powder diffraction (PXRD) and ultraviolet visible diffused reflection (UV-DRS ), respectively. Moreover, the results indicated that the heat insulating effect is mainly caused by the reflection of the coating film.
Effect of Diffusion-Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Diffusion-Bonded TC4/Al Thin Film/1060 Al Joints
Authors: Luo Guo Qiang , He Jia Yu , Zhang Jian , Hu Xue Shu , Shen Qiang , Zhang Lian Meng
Published: January 2017

Diffusion bonded joints of Ti alloys and Al alloys are widely applied in chemical, nuclear, aerospace industries. In the present study, TC4/Al thin film/1060 Al joints were bonded successfully by means of diffusion bonding under low temperature. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated by SEM,XRD and shear strength test. The results showed that the highest shear strength of TC4/Al thin film/1060 Al joints was 80.2 MPa. With the increasing of temperature, the shear strength increases firstly and then almost remains the same. Ti and Al elements diffused to each other in the bonding process and the intermetallic compounds can’t be found. The fracture of the joint had taken place in the 1060 Al/Al thin film rather than in the TC4/Al thin film and the fracture way of the joints was ductile fracture.
Greenhouse Gas Abatement Cost of Clinker Substitution in Thailand’s Cement Industry
Authors: Chaemsiriwat Preeyanuj , Wangjiraniran Weerin
Published: January 2017

This research study about the abatement cost of CO2 reduction by using fly ash as a clinker substitute in Thailand cement industry. And also present the sensitivity analysis about the factors that affect the abatement cost. The proportion of quantity to use fly ash as a clinker is equal to 1: 1 ton, therefor will calculate at 1 ton of clinker which make the quantity of mitigated CO2 in this research is equal to 0.825 tonCO2/year. Use the information in year 2015 to analyze, such as the exchange rate, fly ash price and transportation rate. And use average distance of fly ash transportation from the power plant to cement plant to calculate. From the information, the approach to reduce CO2 by this method is without additional investment. Because fly ash is small it can be mixed with clinker before grinding step of the original process. The CO2 abatement cost of this method is equal to -106.16 USD/tonCO2, which is regarded as a worthwhile investment. The factor is the most affect to mitigation cost is transportation rates. The transportation current rate is 0.092 USD/ton/km but if it increases, the abatement cost will also increase accordingly. Moreover we also calculate the maximum distance to decide on the purchase of fly ash from each of power plant.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on (Bi2O3Fe2O3)0.8(Nb2O5)0.2
Authors: Mowri Sadia Tasnim , Hossain Quazi Delowar , Gafur M.A. , Ahmed Aninda Nafis , Bashar Muhammad Shahriar
Published: January 2017

(Bi2O3Fe2O3)0.8(Nb2O5)0.2 was synthesized by solid state reaction method. (Bi2O3Fe2O3)0.8(Nb2O5)0.2 was made for the investigation of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Dielectric property. XRD pattern reveals that three phases were obtained with Bismuth Iron Niobium Oxide. SEM elicits that grain size increases with the enhancement of sintering temperature. Dielectric property decreases with the augmentation of frequency.
Ablation of Selected Dental Materials Using Er,Cr:YSGG Laser
Authors: Suhaimi Fatanah M. , Pouzi Nur Hazeeqah Ahmad , Zali Nurulakma , Azizan Nur Syazana , Abd Razak Nurul Atiqah , Abdul Razab Mohammad Khairul Azhar
Published: January 2017

The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser for ablation of commercialized adhesive dental materials were studied using 12 sets of tooth samples. The surface morphology and composition of the tooth samples was observed before and after irradiation using FESEM and EDX. Time dependency of exposure is observed in the tooth sample. Adhesive material Grēngloo produced better ablation on long exposure compared to adhesive material Blūgloo. The ablation effect was also compared between presence and absence of water. The enamel surface produced is highly dependent on the technique used to ablate the adhesive material. Without water, enamel surface appeared roughed and depth of crater was also created. In particular, both materials produce different quality of ablation and reacted differently under different laser parameter and setting.
The Influence of Cooling Rate on Microstructure, Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Heat-Treated Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloys
Authors: Ceschini Lorella , Morri Alessandro , Toschi Stefania , Seifeddine Salem , Messieri Simone
Published: January 2017

Al-Si-Mg alloys are commonly employed for the production of automotive castings. In view of the recent stringent emissions standards and consequent engine downsizing, these components must withstand higher temperatures and stresses than in the past. In this regard, the heat treatable quaternary Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys gained particular interest in recent years, due to their superior mechanical properties and higher thermal stability. The present research activity was addressed to evaluate the influence of cooling rate on microstructure and consequently on room temperature tensile and fatigue behaviour of the A354 and C355 alloys. Samples for mechanical tests were produced under controlled cooling rates, in order to induce different secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) values, classified as fine (20-25μm) and coarse (50-70μm). The experimental results showed that the cooling rate strongly influences the type, size and morphology of intermetallic particles. The presence of coarse intermetallic phases, mostly Fe-based, observed in coarse SDAS specimens, was reported to strongly affect ultimate tensile strength (UTS), elongation to failure and fatigue strength of both the investigated alloys. A correlation between UTS and fatigue resistance was found, independent of microstructural coarseness.
The Role of Liquid Phase in SSM Processes
Authors: Peter Ildiko , Castella Christian , Rosso Mario
Published: January 2017

The present chapter reports a short history and a state-of-the art of semi-solid techniques, with particular emphasis to the role of the liquid-solid fraction, being the rheological behaviour of the semi-solid slurry crucial and fundamental. The general description, with the related theoretical fundaments, is based on the data available in the recent and the past literature and finally it is integrated with some experimental results of the research carried out by the authors.
Methodological Aspects of the Health Risk Assessment in Application to Safety of Nanomaterial
Authors: Antsiferova Anna A. , Demin Vyacheslav A. , Demin Vladimir F.
Published: January 2017

Results of the health risk (HR) assessment are needed to support decisions on safety of nanotechnologies and practical use of nanomaterials/nanoparticles (NMs/NPs), including establishment of health safety standards (HSSs). To meet these needs HR assessment’ tools are developed using the great experience in the development and application of such tools for other sources of harm (ionizing radiation, chemicals, etc.), accumulated during the last decades. The tools include methodology, computer data bases and calculation codes.Three-level’ scheme of development and application of HR assessment methodology is roposed: general, specific and simplified methods. The general method serves as a basis for development of specific methods, applicable to the concrete harm sources, for development and justification of simplified methods. In this approach the specific method consists of two parts: 1) the general HR assessment method, 2) exposure – response dependences for the harm source considered in the form of age-cause-specific death or diseases coefficients. Such structure of HR assessment methodology in its full development makes specific methods being more transparent and comparable as well as safety decisions based on HR assessment for different harm sources.The proposal is made concerning the special risk index for the risk standardization and comparison. The unified approach is developed to the establishment of the HSSs and other levels of decision-making on people safety with the use of HR risk assessment in different spheres of human activity including nanotechnology and use of NPs/NMs.