bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interprétation des essais de sensibilité des sols compactés à l’imbibition d’après la méthode d’interprétation des essais de gonflement en parallèle
Authors: Serratrice Jean François
Published: January 2020

Au laboratoire, l’essai de sensibilité est réalisé en visant à mesurer l’amplitude des déformations de gonflement et de tassement provoquées par l’imbibition d’un sol compacté et chargé sous différents niveaux de contraintes totales dans des cellules œdométriques indépendantes. Le sol est compacté par compactage statique. Des indices de sensibilité à l’imbibition servent à décrire la réponse du sol point par point en fonction des charges appliquées. Dans cette étude, une méthode d’analyse globale est proposée pour interpréter les essais de sensibilité portant sur une vingtaine de sols compactés dans différents états. L’interprétation se fonde sur la loi semi-logarithmique de compressibilité des sols qui est mise en œuvre habituellement pour exploiter les essais de gonflement en parallèle. La méthode est présentée sur des exemples de courbes expérimentales, à partir desquelles sont identifiés les principaux paramètres caractéristiques : compressibilités, pression de gonflement, rapport de gonflement. Un regard particulier est porté à la pression de gonflement, définie et attachée à cette procédure d’essai, en comparaison de la contrainte de compactage. Mais il faut faire appel à une contrainte de reprise du compactage pour interpréter les tassements observés pendant le chargement et avant l’imbibition du sol compacté. Cet éclairage offre une base intéressante pour expliquer la variété des réponses observées au cours des essais de sensibilité et poser les limites d’application de cette approche globale et complémentaire de l’approche originale.
Liver regeneration in traditional Chinese medicine: advances and challenges
Authors: Zhang Feng , Wang Feixia , Liang Baoyu , Li Zhanghao , Shao Jiangjuan , Zhang Zili , Wang Shijun , Zheng Shizhong
Published: January 2020

Liver diseases pose a serious problem for national health care system all over the world. Liver regeneration has profound impacts on the occurrence and development of various liver diseases, and it remains an extensively studied topic. Although current knowledge has suggested two major mechanisms for liver regeneration, including compensatory hyperplasia of hepatocytes and stem or progenitor cell-mediated regeneration, the complexity of this physiopathological process determines that its effective regulation cannot be achieved by single-target or single-component approaches. Alternatively, using traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to regulate liver regeneration is an important strategy for prevention and treatment of liver disorder and the related diseases. From the perspectives of TCM, liver regeneration can be caused by the disrupted balance between hepatic damage and regenerative capacity, and the “marrow”-based approaches have important therapeutic implications for liver regeneration. These two points have been massively supported by a number of basic studies and clinical observations during recent decades. TCM has the advantages of overall dynamic fine-tuning and early adjustment, and has exhibited enormous therapeutic benefits for various liver diseases. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of liver regeneration in TCM system in the hope of facilitating the application of TCM for liver diseases via regulation of liver regeneration.
Entwicklung eines plattenepithelial-differenzierten Harnblasenkarzinoms bei unbehandelten Condylomen der Harnblase
Authors: Heinzmann Jannika , Schneider Andreas , Riener Marc-Oliver
Published: January 2020

Hintergrund Das Auftreten intravesikaler Condyolmata acuminata wird sporadisch in der Literatur beschrieben und gilt gemeinhin als benigne epitheliale Veränderung.

In nur sehr wenigen Fällen wurden invasive Karzinome als Folge eines anhaltenden Condylombefalls der Harnblase beschrieben.

Fall Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 68-jährigen Patienten, der nach mehrjähriger Anamnese großflächiger intravesikaler Condylome ein muskelinvasives plattenepithelial-differenziertes Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase entwickelte. Nach mehrfacher TUR intravesikaler Condylome, ausgebliebener Instillationstherapie sowie vergessener Nachsorge über Jahre wurde der Patient in unserer Klinik vorstellig. Nach Diagnosestellung einer Ichthyosis vesicae zeigte sich die Entwicklung eines plattenepithelial differenzierten, muskelinvasiven Urothelkarzinoms binnen nur 3 Monaten. Es erfolgte die radikale Zystektomie mit histologischer Beschreibung eines weiteren Tumorprogresses.

Zusammenfassung Die karzinogene Potenz verschiedener HPV-Genomtypen ist bekannt und so sind v. a. Karzinome des weiblichen und männlichen Genitales mit einer HPV-Infektion assoziiert. Intravesikale Condylome sind selten, werden in aller Regel als benigne Läsionen eingestuft und entsprechend zurückhaltend behandelt. Unser Fall mit Entwicklung eines muskelinvasiven plattenepithelial differenzierten Karzinoms binnen weniger Monate zeigt jedoch die aggressive Potenz dieser Krankheit.

Schlussfolgerung Die Diagnosestellung intravesikaler Condylome bedarf einer engmaschigen fachurologischen Nachsorge einschließlich nachfolgender bioptischer Befundkontrollen sowie einer stadienadaptierten, im Zweifel radikalen Therapie bei etwaiger Karzinomentstehung.
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Annulative Coupling Cascade for the Synthesis of 3-Methyleneisoindolin-1-ones
Authors: Youn So Won
Published: January 2020

This short review describes the recent progress made on transition-metal-catalyzed annulative couplings for the synthesis of 3-methyleneisoindolin-1-ones, which are useful intermediates for the synthesis of numerous alkaloids and can be often found in a wide range of natural products and pharmaceuticals. In particular, new one-pot multiple C–C/C–N bond-forming processes for the construction of the 5-methylenepyrrol-2-one nucleus of such compounds are summarized.

1 Introduction

2 Intramolecular Cyclization Reactions: C3–N or C3–C3a and C–C Bond Formation

3 Intermolecular Annulative Coupling Reactions

3.1 C3–C3a and C3–N Bond Formation

3.2 C1–C7a and C3–N Bond Formation

3.3 C1–C7a and C1–N Bond Formation

3.4 C1–C7a, C1–N and C3–N Bond Formation

3.5 C3–C3a, C1–C7a, C1–N and C3–N Bond Formation: A Pd-Catalyzed One-Pot Sonogashira Coupling–Carbonylation–Amination–Cyclization Cascade

4 Conclusion
Groin reconstruction by anterolateral thigh flap: A review of 16 cases
Authors: Ahmad Quazi Ghazwan , Reddy Murali , Shetty Kanti P. , J.S Rajendra Prasad , Bhathena Hosi. M.
Published: January 2020

We present our experience of pedicled Anterolateral thigh flap for reconstruction of groin defects in cancer patients. Total of 17 flaps in 16 patients were performed between January 2001 to May 2003. 15 flaps were used for groin defects after node dissection for carcinoma of Penis (bilateral groin defects in one patient), 1 case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of groin and 1 case of Soft Tissue Sarcoma of groin. All patients were male. 16 were myocutaneous variety and 1 was fasciocutaneous flap based on the septocutaneous perforator. Complications were few and all patients achieved durable long-term coverage. We found the flap to be technically easy and reliable.
Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula revisited
Authors: Agarwal Pawan
Published: January 2020

Congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistulas are rare. A case of this unusual anomaly is presented with review of literature, discussion of the possible etiology and management strategy.
Macromastia of pregnancy: A unique presentation of this rare clinicohistopathological entity
Authors: Sarda Anil K , Kulshreshta Vishal N , Bhalla Shweta A , Singh Lakhwinder , Chaturvedi Uma K
Published: January 2020

The present case is a unique presentation of a patient who developed a small lump in her breast during her first pregnancy but it was only during her third pregnancy that it increased in size and became a huge fungating mass. Although, gigantic sizes of this pathologic entity have been reported, the present case had the involved breast hanging till below the inguinal ligament and required sling to support the breast. Since the pre-operative diagnosis was suggestive of cystosarcoma phylloides, no attempt at reconstructive surgery was contemplated.
Assessment of the breast volume by a new simple formula
Authors: Mahmoud El-Oteify , Hosnia Abdel Megeed , Bothaina Ahmed , Mahmoud El-Shazly
Published: January 2020

Background: With the recent introduction of improved techniques for plastic surgery of the breast and increased public awareness toward these procedures, plastic surgeons are continuously trying to improve their methods and results to reach perfection. Assessment of the breast volume is an important issue prior to the use of breast implants in any aesthetic or reconstructive breast surgery. Previous methods to measure breast volume have included use of a simple bra and breast cup size, cumbersome fluid displacement, appliances and approximate visual estimation.

Objectives: In this work we have tried to develop an easy method for assessment of the breast volume for both the patient and the the surgeon through a simple mathematical formula.

Materials and Methods: Fifty two volunteers were included in this study. For every one, general parameters including age, weight and height were recorded. Local breast measurements and water volume displacement were also recorded.

Results: The collected data were statistically correlated. Using the analyzed data, the breast volume was calculated through a simple and direct formula on the basis of the breast circumference.

Conclusion: Our method has, as its principle, the use of an accurate and simple formula, which is based only on one measurement. This is easy for both the patient and the plastic surgeon. This equation is not only a significant technical advantage for the surgeon, but also provides a universal standardization of the breast volume.
Jacques Joseph: Father of modern aesthetic surgery
Authors: Bhattacharya Surajit
Published: January 2020

When we review the history of modern aesthetic surgery, a name that stands out as bright as a beacon and precious as gold is undoubtedly that of Jacques Joseph. A surgeon, par excellence, far ahead of his time, who chose to think out of the box, Joseph, despite all odds set out to give respectability to Aesthetic Surgery without depriving it of any scientific core values. By his words and deeds proved beyond doubt that only the very best in the field of reconstructive surgery, can visualize the hidden perfection in imperfection andformulate a treatment plan and a surgical strategy to achieve that elusive perfection. The rich surgical literature that he has left behind, the wealth of surgical instruments that he had designed and above all a way of thinking that he propagated, that aesthetic surgery is not frivolous but very serious endeavor, and treating the psychology of the patient is as important as treating his disease, undoubtedly makes him the
revered ‘Father of Modern Aesthetic Surgery’.
Hair transplantation surgery
Authors: Khanna Manoj D.
Published: January 2020

Techniques in hair transplantation have evolved recently which make results look more natural. Hair restoration is one of the most exciting and innovative surgical fields in aesthetic surgery today. A precise appreciation of anatomy has allowed the useof follicular unit grafts. With better methods of harvesting and implantation, hair transplantation results represent a blend of art and science.
Body contouring surgery in a massive weight loss patient: An overview
Authors: Shrivastava Prabhat , Aditya Aggarwal , Rakesh Kumar Khazanchi
Published: January 2020

The number of patients with history of extreme overweight and massive weight loss (MWL) has risen significantly. Majority of patients are left with loose, ptotic skin envelopes, and oddly shaped protuberances, subsequent to weight loss. Redundant skin and fat can be seen anywhere on the body following MWL. This group of population presents many unique problems and challenges. Body contouring surgery after MWL is a new and exciting field in plastic surgery that is still evolving. Conventional approaches do not adequately cater to the needs of these patients. Complete history, detailed physical examination, clinical photographs and lab investigations help to plan the most appropriate procedure for the individual patient. Proper counseling and comprehensive informed consent for each procedure are mandatory. The meticulous and precise markings based on the procedure selected are the cornerstones to achieve the successful outcome. Lower body contouring should be performed first followed six months later by breast, lateral chest and arm procedures. Thighplasty is usually undertaken at the end. Body contouring operations are staged at few months′ intervals and often result in long scars. Staging is important as each procedure can have positive impact on adjacent areas of the body. Secondary procedures are often required. However, proper planning should lead to fewer complications and improved aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction.
The role of ion sources in synthesis of the super-heavy elements
Authors: Efremov A. , Bogomolov S. , Mironov V.
Published: January 2020

Since the early 1970s, attempts to synthesize Super Heavy Elements (SHE) have been made in many laboratories around the world. One of the main requirements of these experiments is a sufficiently large dose of target irradiation, which should be increased with a decrease in the reaction cross section. In this regard, the capacities of ion sources play an important role for the successful synthesis of SHE. At the FLNR JINR, the discovery and investigation of the new region of super heavy nuclei were based on fusion reactions of 48Ca with 238U–249Cf target nuclei. In these experiments, a technique for the production of metallic 48Ca was developed. The operation mode of the ECR ion source was set to optimize the intensity of 48Ca ions and attain maximum ionization efficiency. Because of the heaviest target for experiments on synthesis of SHE in heavy ion reactions is 249Cf, so further progress in the synthesis of elements with Z > 118 requires the production of intense beams of accelerated neutron enriched isotopes, such as 50Ti, 58Fe, and 64Ni.
Magnetic levitation of a ferrofluid droplet in mid-air
Authors: Ohji Takahisa , Yamaguchi Soichiro , Amei Kenji , Kiyota Kyohei
Published: January 2020

A prototype magnetic levitation (maglev) system for feeding, holding and conveying ferrofluids successfully levitated a ferrofluid droplet with feedback control in the air at room temperature. This maglev system consists of a rod-shaped electromagnet, a displacement sensor, an oil-repellent film, a sample stage, and peripheral control devices. The levitated droplet has a mass of 15 mg and a viscosity of 5,000 mPa.sec. The pure deformation and behavior of the droplet in the process from the control start to the stable levitation state were investigated in detail using a high-speed camera. The magnetically levitated droplet behaved very fast as well as a common solid object. The droplet finally stabilized in a bottom-swollen egg shape in mid-air. The technique of magnetically levitating one droplet will lead to developing a manipulator system for ferrofluids.
Magnetic properties of Mn substituted strontium ferrite powders synthesized by the molten salt method
Authors: Kim Minyeol , Lee Hansol , Kim Jongryoul
Published: January 2020

To enhance the magnetic properties of ferrite powders, it is critical to control their compositions and morphologies. In particular, composite sheets containing ferrite powders for EM absorbers and magnetic sensors require homogeneous single crystal ferrite powders to obtain the tunable properties. In this experiment, Mn substituted strontium ferrite powders for high coercivity were synthesized by the molten salt method to control their morphology and structure. As a result, single crystalline hexa-ferrite powders with an average size of 1∼3 μm were successfully obtained by initial calcination at 850°C for 1 hr and then at 950°C for 1 hr and subsequent calcination at 1050°C for 0.5 hr. These synthesized powders were revealed to have a magnetic saturation of 72.6 emu/g and a coercivity of 4019 Oe.
Sputtered high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy CoPt thin film on flexible substrate at low temperature
Authors: Hermosa Glemarie C. , Sun An-Cheng
Published: January 2020

In this study, CoPt alloy thin films with alternative sputtering of 0.4 nm-Co and 0.5 nm-Pt layers, [Co0.4/Pt0.5]n, on Pt underlayers were sputtered on rigid glass and soft PI (Polyimide) substrates at 100°C. The effects of repetition (n) of the [Co0.4/Pt0.5]n films on the magnetic properties and microstructures of [Co0.4/Pt0.5]n films were investigated. Results showed that [Co0.4/Pt0.5]4 film had a high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA (S⊥>0.98)) and a magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (Ku∼1.12×107 erg/cm3), which were close to the properties of L11-CoPt film prepared at higher temperatures (∼300°C) as seen in previous works. Increasing repetition also increased residual stress and further reduced perpendicular magnetic properties. Thus, better magnetic properties would be obtained in the thinner case. The outstanding PMA properties of CoPt film still well kept as the rigid glass was replaced by flexible PI substrate. In this work, perpendicular magnetic CoPt film could be prepared at lower temperatures (∼100°C) on soft PI substrate. It strongly enhanced low temperature applications of hard magnetic alloy thin films, such as magnetic electronic components with high Ku and PMA on flexible substrate.
A novel five-degree-of-freedom AC-DC hybrid magnetic bearing
Authors: Zhu W. , Zhang T. , Le Q. , Wang Z.
Published: January 2020

To reduce the volume, axial length and cost, a radial three-pole five-degree-of-freedom (5-DOF) integrated hybrid magnetic bearing (HMB) is studied, which the rotor can be levitated stably in one unit. Firstly, the configuration and suspension principle are introduced. The mathematical models of suspension forces are deduced by the magnetic circuit analysis. Then, according to radial and axial bearing capacity, the design method of main parameters is given. Finally, the magnetic circuit, suspension mechanism, air gap flux density, force-current relationships are calculated and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element method. The research results have shown that the structure of the 5-DOF integrated HMB is reasonable, and the suspension mechanism, mathematical model and design method are correct.
Hysteresis loss reduction and magnetocaloric effect improvement in the Ni-Co-Mn-In alloys
Authors: Ghahremani Mohammadreza , Aslani Amir , Hosseinnia Marjan , Bennett Lawrence H.
Published: January 2020

In this work the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) and hysteresis losses of Ni45Co5Mn(37-x)In(13+x) alloy (x= 0, 0.4) are studied. Also we propose a new approach in calculating the average entropy change to eliminate the overestimation of the magnetic entropy change calculation using Maxwell’s relations which is commonly seen in the indirect MCE calculation in the literature. The attributes of magnetostructural coupling have an important role in the magnetic behavior of these magnetofunctional alloys. This work exhibits that a strong magnetostructural coupling can be achieved over a wide temperature range in this alloy family which results in a higher MCE and relative cooling power (RCP) compared to other Ni-Mn-In based Heusler alloys. It’s shown that by increasing the applied field the peak of the entropy change curves shifts to lower temperatures. Additionally, a small variation in the stoichiometry composition broadens the magnetic entropy change curve and shifts the critical temperatures by about 36 K to around room temperature. Furthermore, due to the enhancement in ferromagnetic exchange interactions in austenite, the magnetization change accompanying the martensitic transformation is greatly improved, resulting in a large magnetic entropy change of 31 Jkg-1K-1 under 5T field. The broadened and higher peak of the entropy change curves produced a significantly high relative cooling power in Ni45Co5Mn36.6In13.4 (488 JKg-1) and Ni45Co5Mn37In13 (317 JKg-1) under 5T field. These results are especially promising in finding low-cost, high-performance magnetocaloric material for magnetic refrigeration systems.
Core loss separation model under square voltage considering DC bias excitation
Authors: Sun He , Li Yongjian , Lin Zhiwei , Zhang Changgeng , Yue Shuaichao
Published: January 2020

There are many magnetic inductors, such as filter inductors used in power electronic devices, being subjected in square waveform excitation together with DC bias. This paper proposes an improved core loss separation model to calculate the core loss of the magnetic materials under square waveform excitation together with DC bias. The core loss of the magnetic material with such excitation is calculated, and compare with the results using other models. The comparison shows that the improved model is more accurate than the other model. The discussion also shows that the improved model can identify the hysteresis loss and eddy loss. The results demonstrate that the improved model can optimize the design of inductors to improve the performance of the power electronic applications.
Magnetic, magnetocaloric, and dielectric properties of polycrystalline perovskite La0.7Ca0.2Pb0.1CoO3
Authors: Bally M. A. A. , Ahsan M. Z. , Islam M. A. , Alam M. K. , Khan F. A.
Published: January 2020

The polycrystalline perovskite La0.7Ca0.2Pb0.1CoO3 has been prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction technique, and then the structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric, and dielectric properties of the sample have been investigated. The monoclinic structure with space group I2/a of the sample is confirmed by X-ray diffraction investigation at room temperature. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and chemical composition was determined using an energy dispersive X-ray diffractometer attached to the SEM. Magnetic measurement reveals that the sample undergoes ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition with increasing temperature and behaves as a soft magnetic material. Field cooled and zero-field cooled dc magnetization curves at low field and low temperature show divergence, indicating the coexistence of antiferromagnetic and ferro-magnetic clusters in the sample. Magnetic inhomogeneity of the sample has also been clearly confirmed by the divergence between the Curie temperature, Tc, and the paramagnetic Curie temperature, θ. The sample also shows a magnetocaloric effect at a very low field (H = 0.01 T). The high negative value of the real part of complex permittivity, ε′, reveals metallic behavior of the sample at low frequency around room temperature. However, the frequency dependent ac conductivity (σ) exhibits three distinct bands, namely, the metallic, insulating, and anomalous band, around room temperature. Temperature dependent ε′ reveals that the sample undergoes insulator to metallic transition above −20 °C.
Magnetic field dependence of the nonlocal spin Seebeck effect in Pt/YIG/Pt systems at low temperatures
Authors: Oyanagi Koichi , Kikkawa Takashi , Saitoh Eiji
Published: January 2020

We report the nonlocal spin Seebeck effect (nlSSE) in a lateral configuration of Pt/Y3Fe5O12(YIG)/Pt systems as a function of the magnetic field B (up to 10 T) at various temperatures T (3 K < T < 300 K). The nlSSE voltage decreases with increasing B in a linear regime with respect to the input power (the applied charge-current squared I2). The reduction of the nlSSE becomes substantial when the Zeeman energy exceeds thermal energy at low temperatures, which can be interpreted as freeze-out of magnons relevant for the nlSSE. Furthermore, we found the nonlinear power dependence of the nlSSE with increasing I at low temperatures (T < 20 K), at which the B-induced signal reduction became less visible. Our experimental results suggest that in the nonlinear regime, high-energy magnons are overpopulated compared to those expected from the thermal energy. We also estimate the magnon spin diffusion length as functions of B and T.
Advisors to Elites
Authors: Benesh Sara C. , Armstrong David A. , Wallander Zachary
Published: January 2020

Because decision making is complicated, political elites seek advice when making decisions, and the ways in which they use that advice has systematic features. But, analyses of decision making among elites usually fail to account for advice. We take advantage of unique information about the advice provided to one set of elites to empirically uncover the effect of advice. Specifically, we examine law clerk recommendations on cert to Justice Blackmun. We find that, even after controlling for known determinants of cert and considering sequential decision making, the advice of a trusted advisor matters greatly.
Study of the transition from self-organised to homogeneous plasma distribution in chromium HiPIMS discharge
Authors: Šlapanská M , Hecimovic A , Gudmundsson J T , Hnilica J , Breilmann W , Vašina P , von Keudell A
Published: January 2020

The self-organised plasma patterns, known as spokes or ionisation zones in magnetron sputtering discharges, were observed in a wide range of power densities, from low power direct current magnetron sputtering (dcMS) discharge to high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) discharge. For some target materials and non-reactive gases, it was observed that at very high power densities (>

) the plasma exhibits a transition from a regime where spokes are observed to a homogeneous plasma regime. In this contribution, we present a comparison of plasma properties: plasma emission (optical emission spectroscopy) and flux of argon and chromium ions (mass spectrometry), measured both in the spoke regime and in the homogeneous plasma regime, aimed to expand the understanding of the plasma transition between the two modes. A simple biased flat probe was used to distinguish between the spoke regime and the homogeneous plasma regime. It was found that the flux of multiply charged ions (Ar2+ , Cr2+ , Cr3+ , Cr4+) increases abruptly at the transition between the spoke regime and the homogeneous plasma regime. Similarly, the emission from Cr+ ions exhibits a strong increase of about 50% when the plasma torus becomes homogeneous. These observations are interpreted as an increase in electron temperature and a change in the electron heating mode, from a combination of secondary electron heating and Ohmic heating towards pure Ohmic heating. The transition to the homogeneous plasma regime and pure Ohmic heating is only observed in non-reactive HiPIMS discharges for target atoms with the second ionisation potential higher than the first ionisation potential of Ar (15.76 eV), and a self-sputter yield larger than 1.
General principles to high-throughput constructing two-dimensional carbon allotropes*
Authors: Xie Qing , Wang Lei , Li Jiangxu , Li Ronghan , Chen Xing-Qiu
Published: January 2020

We propose general principles to construct two-dimensional (2D) single-atom-thick carbon allotropes. They can be viewed as the generalization of patterning Stone–Walse defects (SWDs) by manipulating bond rotation and of patterning inverse SWDs by adding (or removing) carbon pairs on the pristine graphene, respectively. With these principles, numerous 2D allotropes of carbon can be systematically constructed. Using 20 constructed 2D allotropes as prototypical and benchmark examples, besides nicely reproducing all well-known ones, such as pentaheptites, T-graphene, OPGs, etc, we still discover 13 new allotropes. Their structural, thermodynamic, dynamical, and electronic properties are calculated by means of first-principles calculations. All these allotropes are metastable in energy compared with that of graphene and, except for OPG-A and C3-10-H allotropes, the other phonon spectra of 18 selected allotropes are dynamically stable. In particular, the proposed C3-11 allotrope is energetically favorable than graphene when the temperature is increased up to 1043 K according to the derived free energies. The electronic band structures demonstrate that (i) the C3-8 allotrope is a semiconductor with an indirect DFT band gap of 1.04 eV, (ii) another unusual allotrope is C3-12 which exhibits a highly flat band just crossing the Fermi level, (iii) four allotropes are Dirac semimetals with the appearance of Dirac cones at the Fermi level in the lattices without hexagonal symmetry, and (vi) without the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) effect, the hexagonal C3-11 allotrope exhibits two Dirac cones at K and K
′ points in its Brillouin zone in similarity with graphene.
AP1000 Core Design Development for Higher Burn-up and Long Operational Cycle Length
Authors: Mahmoud Rowayda F. , Shaat Mohamed K. , Nagy M.E. , Agamy S.A.
Published: January 2020

High fuel burn-up and long cycle length are the main objectives for economic and reliable operation of Advanced Nuclear Power Reactors. The selected cladding material to stand for high burn-up and long cycle length is HANA-4 alloy. AP1000 core was developed through increasing the fuel enrichment to higher values than the initial values and replacing the ZIRLO cladding by HANA-4 cladding to achieve higher burn-up and longer cycle length. The initial core and the developed core were simulated using Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code MCNPX. The criticality control parameter, core cycle length and spent fuel radionuclides inventory were calculated. The results showed that the developed reactor core can reach a cycle length up to 22 months at fuel discharge burn-up 75GWD/MTU safely using HANA-4 cladding compared to the initial design core which can reach to 18 months cycle length at fuel discharge burn-up of 60 GWD/MTU.
Calculation of Resonant Frequencies of Silicon AFM Cantilevers
Authors: Efimov T A , Rassolov E A , Andryukov B G , Zaporozhets T S , Romashko R V
Published: January 2020

A theoretical study of the quality and the validity range of different numerical and analytical methods of calculating of the frequency shift in measurement using microcromechanical sensor is presented. This work considered a calculating method for natural frequency in comparison with experimentally measured oscillation frequencies of microcromechanical sensor immersed in air and/or viscous medium. The numerical methods for solving the equation of resonance oscillation of the console fixed on one side are considered for calculating the natural oscillation frequencies of standard AFM cantilevers.
Biodistribution of 68Ga-DTPMP as a potential bone-seeking imaging agent in normal rats and rats with experimental model of bone callus
Authors: Tishchenko V K , Petriev V M , Stepchenkova E D , Fedorova A V , Postnov A A , Zavestovskaya I N
Published: January 2020

Bone metastases are common in advanced stages of various cancers. Positron emission tomography (PET) with radiotracers based on phosphonates and gallium-68 is a promising method of bone metastases detection. In this work a new complex based on diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) labeled with 68Ga was developed and its biodistribution in normal Wistar rats and rats with experimental model of bone callus was studied. The biodistribution studies in normal rats revealed high skeletal uptake of 68Ga-DTPMP (up to 1.45 %ID/g in femur) with rapid blood clearance and minimal uptake in any other major organs, except kidneys. In rats with experimental model of bone callus the accumulation of activity in bones and soft organs and tissues was slightly lower as compared with normal rats. The amount of 68Ga-DTPMP in femur with bone callus was higher than in non-lesion bones and reached 1.90 %ID/g at 2 h p.i. Therefore, 68Ga-DTPMP could be a promising radiotracer for bone tumors imaging and could be a valuable alternative to 18F-FDG and 18F-NaF for PET centers without an onsite cyclotron.
Specific absorption rate of assembly of magnetic nanoparticles with uniaxial anisotropy
Authors: Usov N A , Gubanova E M , Wei Z H
Published: January 2020

Specific absorption rate of superparamagnetic nanoparticles with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy has been calculated both for dilute assembly and for assembly of nanoparticle clusters with various filling factors using numerical simulation. The optimal particle diameters at which the specific absorption rate of assembly reaches a maximum have been obtained depending on the value of the uniaxial anisotropy constant. The optimal particle diameters are found to shift to smaller values with an increase in the anisotropy constant. The range of optimal diameters decreases simultaneously. The specific absorption rate decreases also as a function of cluster filling factor, but the optimal particle diameters remain almost unchanged.
Investigation of the influence of optical range sensor noise on the characteristics of the description of objects in cancer diagnosis
Authors: Nikitaev V G , Pronichev A N , Polyakov E V , Dmitrieva V V , Blindar V N
Published: January 2020

The influence of digital noise of the optical range sensor on the characteristics of microscopic objects of study was experimentally evaluated. A reference sample of smears, from which images of medical objects of research were obtained, was formed for the research. Blood cells were used as such objects. As a result of research textural signs are calculated and the analysis of their change is carried out. The obtained estimates allow to draw preliminary conclusions about the degree of noise influence.
Shifting velocity of temperature extremes under climate change
Authors: Rey Joan , Rohat Guillaume , Perroud Marjorie , Goyette Stéphane , Kasparian Jérôme
Published: January 2020

Rapid changes in climatic conditions threaten both socioeconomic and ecological systems, as these might not be able to adapt or to migrate at the same pace as that of global warming. In particular, an increase of weather and climate extremes can lead to increased stress on human and natural systems, and a tendency for serious adverse effects. We rely on the EURO-CORDEX simulations and focus on the the screen-level daily mean temperature (T2m). We compare the shifting velocities of the cold and hot extremes with these of the associated central trends, i.e. the arithmetical mean or median. We define the extremes relative to the T2m distribution as it evolves with time over the period of 1951–2100. We find that temperature extremes shift at a similar velocity compared to that of the central trends. Accordingly, the T2m probability distribution shifts mostly as a whole, as the tails of the distribution increase together with the central trends. Exceptions occur however in specific regions and for the clustering of warm days, which shifts slower than all other extremes investigated in this study.
Analysis of Shoreline Changes Before and After the Tsunami at Tanjung Lesung Beach, Banten Province of Indonesia
Authors: Jalaludin M. , Setiawan C. , Zid M. , Utomo R. T.
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the change in the shoreline in Tanjung Lesung Beach, Banten Province of Indonesia. The population in this study was a pixel. This research uses the descriptive quantitative method with a survey approached. Technological advances in remote sensing and GIS can be used to analyze shoreline changes, such as the following research using Landsat 8 satellite image data to measure how much change occurred after the tsunami on Tanjung Lesung Beach, Banten. Data used derived from 2018 to 2019 (from USGS Landsat 8 OLI) to derived the coastline from satellite, land and sea data must be separated using a combination of 6.5,4 bands. Shoreline data digitized and measured using DSAS (digital shoreline analysis system). The extensions of the Arc GIS application will estimate the rate of change in shoreline with two statistical techniques such as End Point Rate (EPR) and Net Shoreline Movement (NSM). Therefore, this study can be used by the government and society for determining development planning, hazard zoning, accretion-abrasion studies and assess the concept of disaster hazards model such as tsunami.
Geomorphological Characteristic of Landslide Hazard Zones in Sukarame Village, Cisolok Subdistric, Sukabumi Regency
Authors: Damayanti Astrid , Angin Fadhil , Adib Andhia , Irfan Muhammad
Published: January 2020

Geomorphology is the study of landforms, the processes of its formation, and the relations between forms and processes in their spatial order. Landslide is the movement of a mass of rock or earth from a higher place to a lower level due to the interaction of the geology structures, hydrology, and geomorphology. In a geomorphological unit, various aspects actively control the occurrence of ground movements. Knowing the geomorphological characteristics is crucial to identify a large estimation of the potential for landslides in the region. The Village of Sukarame is one of the villages in the Sukabumi Regency located on the slopes of Mount Halimun, whose territory is divided into west and east, separated by the Cisukarame River. Mapping the required geomorphological units Digital Data Elevation Model Indonesia (DEMNas) from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG) is processed for altitude and slope data, as well as geological data and river data collected from BIG. Verification of landslide events through interviews and field surveys geomorphological unit analysis is done by overlaying and comparing the results of field observations. Also, a descriptive analysis is conducted by observing the map of landslide hazards zone from INARisk. The results show that the Village of Sukarame materialized from volcanic and fluvial origins. It has nine geomorphological units, which are the Hill Intrusion, Floodplain, Tapos Breccia Volcanic Plain, Citorek Tuff Volcanic Plain, Halimun Lava Slope, Tapos Breccia Slope, Citorek Tuff Slope, Fumaroles Plain, and Halimun Lava Field. Landslide-prone areas in Sukarame are in the geomorphological unit of Hill Intrusion, east of Halimun Lava Slope, Citorek Tuff Volcanic Plain, and along the river cliffs of the Cisukarame River and Cimaja River. The landslides occur naturally on the river cliffs of Floodplain and the cliffs of Citorek Tuff Volcanic Plain, which are dominated by sediments that cause the soil surface to become unstable. Moreover, anthropogenic activities, such as mining in the Hill Intrusion, also affect landslide occurrence in Sukarame.
Karst Groundwater Vulnerability and Risk to Pollution Hazard in the Eastern Part of Gunungsewu Karst Area
Authors: Budiyanto Eko , Muzayanah  , Prasetyo Ketut
Published: January 2020

Karst landscape generally has a high vulnerability to pollution. Karst landscape is a landscape that forms from soluble rock. The solution processes results many holes which connecting the surface to underground river networks. Soil and vegetation are generally thin and sparse. The increasing of the population and they various activities can add pressures to the landscapes such as in the eastern parst of Gunungsewu. The karst groundwater management and protection effort need its intrinsic vulnerability and risks to the groundwater pollution hazard characteristics information. The aim of the study are to assess the level of vulnerability and risk of groundwater in the eastern part of Gunungsewu karst area against pollution hazards, as well as making maps of land use directives in the area. Vulnerability and risk to pollution was based on budiyanto’s model. The model was based on remote sensing data of Landsat 8 OLI and GDEM ASTER. The result of this study indicate that most of the study area has a high level of vulnerability to pollution hazard. However, this area mostly has a low level risk to pollution hazard. It is in line to the lack of sources of groundwater pollutants hazard, the presence of soils on karst rocks, and the presence of vegetation cover. Land use direction maps produced based on the level of vulnerability and risk to pollution. It shows that most of these areas are designated as protected areas. However, there are areas for the maintenance of land functions that vulnerable and high risk to pollution.
Utilization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for Mapping Landslide Prone Areas in Kendari City
Authors: Amaluddin La Ode , Musyawarah Rahma , Ili La , Tanjung Akbar
Published: January 2020

Landslides that occurred in Kendari City from the past few years have caused casualties, precisely in 2017 in Kampung Salo, Kendari District. The occurrence of landslides is influenced by several factors, namely from the type of soil, rainfall, slope and land use. This research aims (1) To map landslide prone zones using geographic information systems; and (2) To produce information to find out landslide-prone zones so that they can be avoided. The research method used was overlay method of analysis techniques, which was through scoring and weighting. The results of the landslide-prone map study were made using GIS with ArcSIG 10.1 software application through the overlay process in the form of shp format. Furthermore, adding up all parameter scores so that the minimum and maximum values of the city of Kendari are obtained for areas not prone to landslides of 3405.09 ha or 12.69% covering the sub-districts of Kambu, Baruga, Poasia, Mandonga and some regions, the area is prone to landslides of 5574.34 ha or 20.78% covering the Abeli sub-district, Baruga, Puwatu area which is quite prone to landslides of 12041.48 ha or 45% covering the Abeli sub-district, Baruga, a small portion of Kaida, Kambu, Mandonga, Puwatu, and Wua-Wua in areas that dominate potential prone to landslides of 40.78 ha or 1.27% or 15.05% covering parts of Abeli, Kendari and Kendari Barat sub-districts, while areas that are very prone are 4038.34 ha or 15.05%, which include Kendari, Kendari Barat, Mandonga, Abeli and part small sub-districts of Poasia, Puwatu, and Baruga.
Development of Population Activities In Sukarame Village In The Strict Regulations of The Mount Halimun Salak National Park: Case Study of Sukarame Village, Cisolok Sub-District, Sukabumi Regency
Authors: Damayanti Astrid , Putra Tommy Yulianto , Prakusya Yudya Alif Ridhoni
Published: January 2020

Based on UU No. 5 Tahun 1990 (the law), national parks are natural conservation areas that have native ecosystems, managed by zoning systems that are used for research, science, education, cultural, tourism, and recreational purposes. Behind this most popular concept of nature in the world, there are many problems of land use in it. Sukarame Village is one example of a village where most of the village area is in the Halimun Salak National Park area. There are various reasons people can live and carry out economic and socio-cultural activities in the Halimun Salak National Park area. One of the economic activities was PETI (unlicensed gold mining), which can show there is an economic activity to the tertiary level. For indigenous people, this modernization can continue without removing various native cultures and values. This study aims to analyze the indigenous people activities and land-use in the national park rules. Data collection in this study used field surveys and in-depth interviews with village officials and local communities. The analyze are used qualitative descriptive. The results of the study show that people’s activities and development can continue, although the people of Sukarame Village are living in the national park area with limited access to several villages. Historical and natural resources are the reason factor for people to survive and settle. Then, there are some agreements with local government, so the indigenous people can continue their activities and accept the modernization.
Environment Condition of Indonesian Migrant Worker in The Destination Countries and The Amount of Remittance Delivery to Origin Region
Authors: Budijanto  , Achmad Wan Brahim Wan
Published: January 2020

The research area about two decades ago is an area that most of the poor people were working in agriculture, the cultivation of dry land, with an area of arable land holdings averaging less than 0.2 ha. Their remittances, in just one decade the area has been turned into an area at the center of economic activity diverse community, neighborhood conditions are arranged, and luxurious impression, the growing flow of transport and communications make the economic wheels spin it appears in the bustle of economic activity community. Hence the importance of exposing working conditions migrant workers in destination countries that affect the delivery of remittances from destination countries to their home area. Therefore, the aim of this research is to discover and reveal the influences of the determinants behind lartar working environment TKI environmental conditions in destination countries against the remittance delivery to their home area. The research approach used is a quantitative approach. It also uses survey methods, data collection by interview. The research location is Tulungagung. The results showed that determinant background working environment in the destination country of TKI provides great influences on the remittance delivery to their home area. The results of the study include 1) Region destination country labor migrants working in the Far East of remittances sent to the place of origin are greater than the migrant workers working in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, 2) The status of migrant workers who of the legality of remittances sent to the region origin is greater than the illegal status, 3) Long working migrant workers in the destination country the larger the number of years, remittances sent to their home area larger than workers who work shorter.
Peak Document and the Future of History
Authors: McNeill J. R.
Published: January 2020

Among the ongoing revolutions in historical research is the flood of new information about the past that comes not from written documents but from the natural sciences and archaeology. What might this mean for the profession of history, and for our training and institutional practices? How might it affect our research and interpretations of the past? Which fields of history will be most and least affected? I argue for a cautious embrace of the new data about the past coming from the paleosciences, offering a few examples of the promise and perils presented by the work of our natural science and archaeology colleagues. With each passing year, the proportion of our knowledge of the past that derives from the kinds of documents we have learned to read and interpret will shrink, and the proportion that derives from what to most of us are unfamiliar sciences will mount. This has implications. First, the deeper past might make a comeback. The last century or two are the best documented and will likely be least affected by the flood. The intellectual excitement may tip toward the study of earlier centuries where relative significance of information in other formats is greater. Second, the ways in which we train historians may need to change. A possible partial guide to our future as historians is the experience of precolonial Africanists, who are accustomed to research without written documents.