bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaphorical Poverty in 'Musar leMevin'
Authors: Wold Benjamin G.
Published: April 2016

This essay argues that the language of poverty should be understood on some occasions in
Musar leMevin
(4QInstruction) metaphorically in relation to angelic beings. Given how fragmentary the document is and how enigmatic its language, prudent caution needs to be exercised before concluding firmly on previous interpretive suggestions. Rather than conceiving of poverty in
Musar leMevin
as strictly reflecting a ‘this-worldly’ lacking, and thus the
Sitz im Leben
of the community behind the document, it may describe an aspect of human nature and, therefore, relate to ‘otherworldly’ imagery. It is understood that the addressee lacks wisdom, which he is urged to seek and obtain. Accordingly this deficiency of understanding is a part of human nature and, just as the one addressed is repeatedly urged to seek wisdom, so too is he reminded: ‘you are poor’. Furthermore,
Musar leMevin
is not ‘Essene’, and one should not presuppose that its so-called social situations reflect on the Qumran community.
A Note on the Rhetoric of Four Speeches in Josephus
Authors: Saddington Denis
Published: April 2016

By giving speeches to important characters in his narrative, Josephus was following the traditions of Hellenistic historiography. In composing the speeches he used the conventions of ancient rhetoric. Of special interest is the fact that in his works we have the unique example of the same four speeches presented in two separate versions. (They are legal speeches in the forensic genre.) The ‘prosecutors’ were a nephew of Herod the Great and a Jewish delegation to the emperor Augustus to block the accession of Archelaus to his father’s kingdom. The defence in both cases was led by Herod’s former adviser, Nicolaus of Damascus. In what follows the rhetorical character of these speeches is analysed.
The Arch of Titus at Rome and the Fate of the God of Israel
Authors: Magness Jodi
Published: April 2016

There is perhaps no more iconic image in Roman art than the spoils of Jerusalem panel on the arch of Titus at Rome, which memorialises a key moment in Vespasian and Titus’ triumphal parade of 71: the display of cultic vessels from the destroyed Jewish temple. In this paper I suggest that in the eyes of the Romans, the cultic vessels displayed in the spoils panel on the arch of Titus represented the God of Israel, captive and paraded through the streets of Rome. From the Roman point of view the destruction of the Jerusalem temple marked the end of the cult of the Jewish God, who was subjugated to Capitoline Jupiter. Hadrian’s reconstruction and dedication of Jerusalem to Capitoline Jupiter sixty years later represent the culmination of this process. In contrast, Josephus’ writings reaffirm a belief in the continued existence of the God of Israel and the anticipation of an eventual reestablishment of a sacrificial cult in the face of the contrary assumption among the Romans.
Nominal Clauses in the Dead Sea Scrolls
Authors: Zewi Tamar
Published: April 2016

The paper discusses nominal clause patterns in the Dead Sea Scrolls. Nominal clauses were collected from several Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS) that represent an independent language, and are not late versions of biblical texts. These are
Pesher Habakkuk
, the Damascus Document, the War Scroll, The Temple Scroll, and
Serekh Ha-Yaḥad
. The DSS nominal clause patterns revealed in these sources can be divided into two major groups: (1) simple nominal clauses in the order of predicate–subject or of subject–predicate, and (2) extended nominal clauses involving extraposition. Although both word orders of the simple nominal clauses found in the DSS exist in Biblical Hebrew, those of the DSS display more restrictions in their preference for a certain word order with certain types of predicates. The DSS simple nominal clauses in the order of subject–predicate also contain a pattern, unknown in Biblical Hebrew and limited in Mishnaic Hebrew, in which the predicate is a content clause. This pattern appears only in
Pesher Habakkuk
, and its content clause is introduced there by the subordinate, more commonly relative particle,
asher
. Extended patterns appear to be very rare in the DSS, and they mostly include clauses also labeled as the exegetical formula, which show similarity to a certain type of appositional clauses in Biblical Hebrew.
Newly Identified Fragments of 1QIsa
b
Authors: Flint Peter W. , Dykstra Nathaniel N.
Published: April 2016

This article begins with a review of the preliminary editions of 1QIsa
b
(by E. L. Sukenik, D. Barthélemy and E. Jain). Next follows a new listing of the scroll’s contents by column, as will appear in the forthcoming critical edition (DJD 32, ed. E. Ulrich and P. W. Flint). The main part presents the transcriptions, with comments and text-critical notes, of twelve newly identified fragments belonging to 1QIsa
b
. Photographs of all twelve fragments are placed together on Plate I.
Horvat ̔Ethri—A Jewish Village from the Second Temple Period and the Bar Kokhba Revolt in the Judean Foothills
Authors: Zissu Boaz , Ganor Amir
Published: April 2016

The ancient site is located in the Judaean Shephelah, on an elongated ridge. It was founded at the end of the Persian period. The village was at its largest in the first century CE, covering an area of c. 12 dunams. Based on finds of at least four ritual baths (
miqwa̓ot
), stone vessels, pottery types, oil lamps and the coins assemblage, its inhabitants were most likely Jewish. The village was abandoned following the Jewish War against the Romans (66-70 CE) and re-inhabited in the interval between the two Jewish revolts. It participated in the Bar Kokhba Revolt (132-135 CE) and was violently destroyed. The place was resettled partially during the Late Roman period by gentiles, and existed until the fifth century CE. The most outstanding feature uncovered is a public building containing a courtyard, a large
miqveh
and a vestibule opening into a rectangular hall with three pillars in its centre. The structure, perhaps a synagogue, was erected between the revolts against the Romans and used until the Bar Kokhba Revolt.
The Unintentional Killer: Midrashic Layers in the Second Chapter of Mishnah Makkot
Authors: Siegal Michal Bar-Asher
Published: April 2016

Mishnah Makkoth, or to be exact the last part of tractate Sanhedrin, is imbued with midrashic materials. As previously noted in scholarly research the Midrashic sources can be revealed through study of its parallels in the legal Midrashim. This paper will define the reciprocality between the second chapter of Mishnah Makot and Sifre Deuteronomy dealing with Deuteronomy verses on the unintentional killer. I will illustrate both overt midrashim quoted in the Mishnah, usually with the underlying verse and the term רמאנש,
shene’emar
, and covert midrashim. In this last category I address different statements found in the Mishnah whose origins can be explained as emanating from an early midrashic interpretation of the biblical verses, even though such a source is not explicitly mentioned in the Mishnah itself. The comparison raises again the question of the various sources of Mishnah Sanhedrin-Makkoth in particular and of Rabbi’s Mishnah in general.
The ‘For I Say’ Presumption: A Study in Early Rabbinic Legal Rhetoric
Authors: Novick Tzvi
Published: April 2016

This essay examines a category of fictional legal presumptions in tannaitic literature signalled by the formula רמוא ינאש, ‘for I say’. After establishing the basic features of this category, I demonstrate, through comparison with other ‘artificial’ uses of the first person in tannaitic law, that ‘for I say’ presumptions highlight, in particularly dramatic fashion, assertions of agency on the part of tannaitic lawmakers. An appendix addresses the attitude toward ‘for I say’ presumptions in the Palestinian and Babylonian Talmuds.
Toward a Redaction History of Kohelet Rabbah: A Study in the Composition and Redaction of Kohelet Rabbah 7:7
Authors: Kiperwasser Reuven
Published: April 2016

This paper examines the redaction process of Kohelet Rabbah, the long midrash on Ecclesiastes, so as to identify features specific to the late redaction. The purpose is therefore to study the text in light of its close parallels ancient and late, and to determine the relationship between these rabbinic works. I attempt to reconstruct the redactional processes and observe the ways in which the editor incorporated the traditional material which he had received into a single whole. The reconstruction of the redactional processes is helpful to observe how the original midrashic material was adapted, altered, and at times distorted by its formulator, while being given a fine new literary garb in other cases.
Does Rashbam’s Commentary on the Torah Acknowledge the Commentaries of Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra?
Authors: Jacobs Jonathan
Published: April 2016

Research concerning the relationship between Rashbam and Ibn Ezra has focused to date on the question of whether Ibn Ezra was familiar with Rashbam’s commentary on the Torah. In this article we investigate the inverse question—whether Rashbam knew of and referred to Ibn Ezra’s commentaries on the Torah. The possibility arises in light of Ibn Ezra’s stay in northern France during the period when Rashbam was active there, and also on the basis of several anonymous references in Rashbam’s work which are identical to explanations found in Ibn Ezra’s commentaries. We present seven examples which may point to the influence of Ibn Ezra’s commentaries on the work of Rashbam. We discuss the possibility that Ibn Ezra’s commentaries came to Rashbam’s knowledge only after the latter had completed his own commentary on the Torah, and that he integrated his responses to Ibn Ezra’s interpretations in addenda to his own work.
Once More, with Feeling: Rewritten Scripture in Ancient Judaism—A Review of Recent Developments
Authors: Machiela Daniel A.
Published: April 2016

Use of the term ‘Rewritten Bible’ or ‘Rewritten Scripture’ to describe a group or genre of ancient Jewish texts has proven to be a source of vigorous scholarly debate over the past two decades. While one might hope for this debate to bring a growing consensus and clarity to our use of ‘Rewritten Bible (or Scripture)’, this survey of three recent monographs dealing with texts characterised as such demonstrates the confusion and disagreement which remain. This article seeks to draw together the main threads of the debate, provide an assessment of the current
status quaestionis
, draw attention to lines for further enquiry, and propose possible ways forward for some of the issues surrounding the use of these terms. Ultimately it is argued that the term remains useful, but only if used in a relatively restricted sense.
A Hebrew/Aramaic graffito and Poppaea’s alleged Jewish sympathy
Authors: Grüll Tibor , Benke László
Published: April 2016

Scholarly research has been looking for evidence that would help to connect villa ‘A’ in Oplontis (Torre Annunziata) to Poppaea Sabina, second wife of Nero, to whom Flavius Josephus referred as
theosebēs
, that is, as a sympathizer with the Jews. Although this connection as a hypothesis is widely supported, entirely convincing evidence has still not been found. This paper will present a so far unpublished Hebrew/Aramaic inscription that the authors found accidentally in the villa, which may reinforce this long suspected connection and contribute to our understanding of the life and general conditions of the Jewish diaspora living in Campania prior to 79 CE. Hence, the main goal of this article is to call the attention of the scholarly community to a still unknown graffito, inviting scholars to contribute to its interpretation.
Jacob’s melancholic descent from the ladder: a Maimonidean biblical construct
Authors: Diamond James A.
Published: April 2016

Maimonides’ use of a biblical persona to illustrate various aspects of prophecy or providence offers valuable material for constructing medieval psychological portraits of central biblical characters. Jacob, whose narrative life moves through a series of challenges posed by melancholia to the religious life, is particularly instructive. This study will assemble a Maimonidean construct of Jacob, which embodies Maimonides’ juristic and philosophical conceptions of the emotions and their effects on intellectual and prophetic development. This is intended as a model for further Maimonidean and other medieval configurations of biblical personalities.
The theory of ‘emanation’ in Gikatilla’s ‘
Gates of Justice
’
Authors: Bo Federico Dal
Published: April 2016

In the present article, I analyse the word field of ‘emanation’ in the treatise
Gates of Justice
, written by the kabbalist Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla (1248–
c.
1325). Gikatilla conceives of ‘emanation’ as the diffusion of the divine essence in the universe. This process is usually described with ‘water metaphors’ as the act of ‘pouring down’ the divine essence: ‘emanation’ is not compared to a process of ‘irradiation’, but rather to a process of ‘irrigating’ the lower world.
The Canaanites who ‘trusted in God’: an original interpretation of the fate of the Canaanites in rabbinic literature
Authors: Berthelot Katell
Published: April 2016

This article tackles the issue of the fate of the Canaanites at the time of the conquest according to some rabbinic sources which contain an unusual tradition, according to which some of the Canaanites obeyed God’s will and left the Land that was to be given to the children of Israel. Acknowledging their merit, God gave them another land in Africa and allowed that the Land of Israel be called ‘Canaan’. It is argued that this tradition does not merely represent an attempt to defend the right of Israel to the Land, but reflects a genuine theological and ethical questioning about the fate of the Canaanites and, more generally, about the ability of Gentiles to know and obey God’s commandments. Finally, the exceptional character of this rabbinic tradition is emphasized through a comparison with a similar yet different tradition in the
Hypothetica
.
When was the Talmud burnt at Paris? A critical examination of the Christian and Jewish sources and a new dating: June 1241
Authors: Rose Paul Lawrence
Published: April 2016

Both the month and year of the first burning of the Talmud at Paris in the 1240s have so far been seen as uncertain and subject to various datings. This article argues that the traditionally accepted dates of 1242 and 1244 are largely unfounded. Even if 1242 falls within the window of time 1241–3 that is constrained by the evidence, other factors render it unlikely. 1244, on the other hand, falls outside the window of possibility. A full critical consideration of both the Christian and Jewish sources leads to the conclusion that the most probable date is June 1241.
Universalism, ethnic identity and divided nationality: Abba Hillel Silver’s role in American Zionism
Authors: Segev Zohar
Published: April 2016

Among the most significant events in American Zionism between 1938 and 1948 was the rise of Abba Hillel Silver to the leadership of American Jewry in the late 1940s. A close reading shows that throughout his public career in general, and in relation to the establishment of Israel in particular, Silver sought, in theory and in practice, to enlarge the concept of Israeli sovereignty on one hand and to create a theoretical and practical basis for the continued ethnic-national existence of the Jews in the United States on the other. He tried to minimize as far as possible any injury to the status of Jews as American citizens because of their Zionist activity. Silver regarded Jewish national existence in the Diaspora in a most favourable light, maintaining that it could and must continue alongside Israel.
Qohelet 9:3b-7 – a polemic against necromancy
Authors: Pinker Aron
Published: April 2016

We suggest splitting Qoh. 9:3 into two parts: 9:3a — the conclusion of 9:1—2, and 9:3b — the beginning of a polemic against necromancy, which ends in v. 7. The minor emendation in Qoh. 9:3b of the difficult וירחאו into ויחראו, ‘and his paths’, identifies it as dealing with necromancy. This position is bolstered by the fact that the phrase םיחמחילא occurs only in the context of necromancy. Qohelet uses sayings on the advantage of living and the impotence of the dead (9:4—6) in his polemic. He views death and Sheol in the strict sense of earlier biblical texts, and reflects the scepticism of proto-Sadduceeism on this issue. Death was the end of being for perpetuity. From this perspective, necromancy was absurd, and the comforting statement to a necromancer in 9:7 was incomprehensible.
The ‘remembered for good’ formula in Samaritan Aramaic and early Hybrid Samaritan Hebrew
Authors: Stadel Christian
Published: April 2016

This article presents for the first time all literary and epigraphic Samaritan Aramaic and early Hybrid Samaritan Hebrew examples of the דכיר לטב ‘remembered for good’ formula, dating from approximately the fourth to fourteenth centuries CE. The examples are examined as to their form and function in their literary as well as material context, comparing them to the pagan and Jewish attestations of the formula from Roman and Byzantine times. While highlighting some parallel developments in the Jewish and Samaritan usages, the article demonstrates the long and diverse history of this antique and prevalent Aramaic formula in the Samaritan tradition.
‘United we stand’: Israelite solidarity in two Jubilean clan rosters
Authors: Livneh Atar
Published: April 2016

This article focuses on two lists of Jacob’s sons, representing the Israelite tribes. The first list (
Jubilees
38:4–8), which is partially based on Numbers 2 and Ezekiel 48:30–5, depicts the tactical formation of Jacob’s sons in four companies facing the four points of the compass in a battle against Esau and his allies. In ‘mixing and matching’ sons from different mothers, as well as the southern and northern tribes, in each group/unit, the Jubilean author highlights their military alliance. The reworking of the second clan roster (
Jubilees
33:21–3), which reflects Genesis 35:22b–6, possibly also serves to highlight Israelite cohesion, the author incorporating the tribal list into an account of how Jacob and ‘all his sons’ practise familial harmony by living together and respecting their elders. The two passages thus possibly serve to demonstrate Israelite unity during war and peace.
The Talmudic hermeneutics of medieval Halakhic decision-making: ‘compound ambiguities’ and the reading practices of the
rishonim
Authors: Milgram Jonathan S.
Published: April 2016

The literary ambiguities present in the discrete literary sources of a Talmudic
sugya
and the further ambiguities created by the redactors’ placement of these sources into dialogue with one another result in the phenomenon I call ‘compound ambiguities’.
Rishonim
interpret compound ambiguities in two ways. ‘Macro-reading’, employed by Rashi and Rambam, is a global approach to explaining and ruling from a
sugya
in which the explication of ambiguities incorporates the use of terminology, concepts and interpretations known from elsewhere in Talmudic literature. ‘Micro-reading’, evidenced in the unlikely location of Rabbi Jacob Baal HaTurim’s code of Jewish law, relies only on the local context of a
sugya
when ruling and ignores the overlap with Talmudic parallels, resulting in innovative inferences and understandings of Talmudic material.
‘Time for the Orient has come’: The Orient as a spiritual–cultural domain in the work of Uri Zvi Grinberg
Authors: Wolf-Monzon Tamar
Published: April 2016

The Yiddish–Hebrew poet Uri Zvi Grinberg migrated to Eretz Yisrael on 4 December 1923. It was the end of the Third Aliyah, a time of stagnation and decline, of hunger, housing shortages and fighting for a half-day’s wages. Young pioneers were leaving in droves, disappointed and bitter. Why did he choose to migrate just then? Why not earlier, when the Third Aliyah was at its height? Why did Grinberg absent himself in the early 1920s, when the Zionist-pioneering discourse was being shaped? What did Grinberg himself think about his belated move and the fact that he had not taken part in the formative stages of the Third Aliyah? This article is an attempt to examine from a cultural-historical perspective the evolution of Grinberg’s attitude towards Eretz Yisrael and the ‘Orient’ as a spiritual and cultural concept.
A Genizah magical fragment and its European parallels
Authors: Saar Ortal-Paz
Published: April 2016

During the Middle Ages magical texts circulated between different geographical regions and, remarkably, also between different religious groups. The article illustrates this interesting phenomenon by presenting an edition of a medieval manuscript fragment uncovered in the Cairo Genizah, T-S AS 144.208. The fragment, dated to the fifteenth century, contains magical recipes in Hebrew and Judeo-Arabic. Some of the recipes have close parallels in Hebrew manuscripts originating in Europe, outside the Genizah. Yet most noteworthy is the fact that one of its recipes has been translated from Latin, and may be found in a Christian grimoire. The article examines these parallels and considers the nature of information exchange between Jews and Christians in the field of medieval magic.
In quest of Babylonian Tannaitic traditions II: the case of Avuha de-Shmuel
Authors: Cohen Barak S.
Published: April 2016

This study re-examines the nature and origin of legal traditions ascribed to Avuha de-Shmuel, a Nehardean sage from the end of the Parthian period. His legal traditions were identified by scholars as representative of pre-Talmudic Babylonian halakhah. A systematic analysis of these traditions in the two Talmuds (about 50 traditions) demonstrates that the overwhelming majority of Avuha de-Shmuel’s rulings, legal interpretations and customs reflect a Palestinian halakhic influence. The location of Palestinian parallels for Avuah de-Shmuel’s halakhot allows for the reconstruction of his original halakhic position and its reasoning, which is especially important in light of the fact that most of his rulings are worded apodictically. The broad analysis of the halakhic basis of the rulings of individual amoraim can greatly contribute to a critical analysis of and commentary on the Babylonian Talmud.
R. Judah he-Hasid or R. Moshe Zaltman: who proposed that Torah verses were written after the time of Moses?
Authors: Viezel Eran
Published: April 2016

In the year 1975, I.S. Lange published an anthology of commentaries entitled
Commentaries on the Torah of R. Judah he-Hasid
. In three of the commentaries included in this collection, the exegete suggests that the Torah includes post-Mosaic interpolations. In an additional passage, the commentator maintains that David removed psalms from the Torah and incorporated them into the book of Psalms. Some Orthodox rabbis found these comments to be heretical and rejected the possibility that they were written by R. Judah he-Hasid. In response to this criticism, Lange published a censored edition of the book, without the controversial sections. These four passages have been subject to considerable academic inquiry. On the basis of these commentaries, it is commonly maintained that R. Judah he-Hasid had idiosyncratic views about the composition of the Hebrew Bible. In this article, I argue that the controversial notes were not written by R. Judah he-Hasid but rather by his son, R. Moshe Zaltman.
Criticism of Aristotelian science in fourteenth-century Jewish thought
Authors: Eisenmann Esti , Sadik Shalom
Published: April 2016

Modern scholarship has observed that the New Science did not emerge
ex nihilo
, but had its roots in the scholastics’ criticism of Aristotelian science in the fourteenth century. Until about a decade ago, the dominant view in the literature was that the Jewish philosophers did not participate in this scholastic trend until Hasdai Crescas (1340–1410), who was the first Hispano-Jewish philosopher to elaborate a basic and systematic criticism of Aristotelian physics and propose an alternative to it. The present article demonstrates that Jewish criticism of Aristotelian science was more widespread than has been thought and touched on much broader issues. We will look at two fourteenth-century Spanish thinkers, Abner of Burgos (1260/70–1348) and Moses ben Judah (mid-fourteenth century), and their critiques of two elements of Aristotelian physics: (1) the status of prime matter, and (2) natural place and its relations to motion.
Creation by emission: reconstructing Adam and Eve in the Babylonian Talmud in light of Zoroastrian and Manichaean literature
Authors: Kiel Yishai
Published: April 2016

This study attempts to broaden the Judeo-Christian prism through which the rabbinic legends of Adam and Eve are frequently examined in scholarship, by offering a contextual and synoptic reading of Babylonian rabbinic traditions pertaining to the first human couple against the backdrop of the Zoroastrian and Manichaean creation myths. The findings demonstrate that, while some of the themes and motifs found in the Babylonian rabbinic tradition are continuous with the ancient Jewish and Christian heritage, others are absent from, or occupy a peripheral role in, ancient Jewish and Christian traditions and, at the same time, are reminiscent of Iranian mythology. The study posits that the syncretic tendencies that pervaded the Sasanian culture facilitated the incorporation of Zoroastrian and Manichaean themes into the Babylonian legends, which were in turn creatively repackaged and adapted to the rabbinic tradition and world-view.
On music and non-music in early Christian and Jewish writings
Authors: Harrán Don
Published: April 2016

In a groundbreaking monograph on
The Music Libel against the Jews
Ruth HaCohen deals with music and noise as a dichotomy of conceptual and compositional relevance to works written or performed by Christians and Jews from the Middle Ages onward. She pays special attention to the repercussions of the dichotomy in music of the eighteenth to twentieth centuries. The present study adds a new dimension to the topic by tracing the oscillation between music and noise, or non-music, in two further domains: Latin writings of Christian music theorists and Hebrew writings from within the rabbinical literature. Leading theorists and rabbis from the fifth to seventeenth centuries corroborate the dichotomy as an ideational backdrop to their discussion of music and its evaluation. One question among those asked at the end of the study is the extent to which the dichotomy partakes of the ‘universality’ of notions common to the Judeo-Christian tradition.
Efficiency of various measures of persistency of milk yield in Sahiwal cattle
Authors: Kaushal Shobhana , Gandhi R. S. , Singh Avtar , Chaudhari M. V. , Prakash Ved , Gupta Atul
Published: April 2016

The first lactation production records of 351 Sahiwal cows maintained at National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal over a period of 52 years (1961-2012) were used to estimate the persistency measures using different methods viz. Rao and Sundaresan method, 1982 (P1), PTOMAX2 (P2), PTOMAX3 (P3), PSD2 (P4), PSD3 (P5), PYV (P6) and Wood's function (P7). The average persistency of milk yield estimated by above different methods viz. was 194±1.10, 145.10±0.81, 156.71±1.01, 2.29±0.04, 2.20±0.03, 1.00±0.03 and 0.14±0.02, respectively. The TOMAX2 method was found to be most efficient out of all ratio methods and PSD3 method was observed to be most efficient amongst variation of yields method. However, mathematical lactation curve model was found to be least efficient as compared to other methods for estimation of persistency.
Puberty response of Ongole crossbred bulls raised on different sex groups and stall models
Authors: Luthfi Muchamad , Susilawati Trinil , Isnaini Nurul
Published: April 2016

This study aimed to identify puberty response of Ongole crossbred bulls raised on different sex groups and stall models. The study involved cattle aged 8-11 months, divided into three treatments: A (control) consisted of a bull in individual stall; B (similar sex) consisted of four bulls and C (different sex types) consisted of four bulls and three cows in group stalls, with three replications. Data were analyzed using Two Way ANOVA. Results showed that the variety of sexual behaviors (sniffing, licking and mounting), and tearing prepuce and frenulum were significantly different (P less than 0.05) on the three treatments. It can be concluded that different sex groups and stall models significantly affects the incidence of puberty which could be observed through sexual behavior and tearing prepuce and frenulum of Ongole crossbred bulls.
Effect of administration of methanol root bark extract of Cussonia arborea on serum lipid profile and oxidative biomarker parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Aba Patrick Emeka , Asuzu Isaac Uzoma
Published: April 2016

This study investigated the effects of methanol extract of Cussonia arborea on serum lipid and oxidative stress biomarkers of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. A total of 72 male albino rats assigned into 6 groups of 12 rats per group were used. Groups 1-5 were made diabetic while group 6 were normal. Groups 1-4 were treated with 62.5, 125, 250 mg/kg of the extract and 2 mg/kg glibenclamide respectively while groups 5 and 6 received 10 ml/kg distilled water each. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), malondiadehyde, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assayed on days 28, 56 and 84 post treatment. The results indicated that the extract significantly (p<0.05) reduced the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, malondialdehyde but significantly (p<0.05) increased the activities of SOD, catalase and the levels of HDL when compared to negative control. It was therefore concluded that methanol extract of C. arborea mitigated dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress.
El Mayorazgo de Sartenejas en la Venezuela Colonial 1740-1858
Authors: Rangel Egilda
Published: April 2016

El proceso de incorporación de la tierra al dominio privadoque se inició, en lo que hoy es Venezuela, en la segundamitad del siglo XVI por vía de mercedes, continuó en el XVIIbasándose en litigios, compras y venta de la tierra, ya parael XVIII lo vemos a través del sistema de ocupación. En ese proceso quienes salieron favorecidos fueron aquellos grupos descendientes de los primeros conquistadores que más tarde controlaron la vida económica y política de Caracas. Algunas familias procedentes de aquellos conquistadores decidieron convertir sus bienes en mayorazgos, logrando a través de esa institución perpetuar en la familia la propiedad. En Venezuela aparentemente existieron tres mayorazgos, dos de los cuales estaban ligados a la familia Bolívar y un tercero a los Cornieles en la ciudad de Trujillo. Sin embargo, hemos podido constatar más de 22 mayorazgos y uno de ellos es el de Sartenejas fundado en 1740 por Lorenzo Antonio de Ponte y Martínez de Villegas, según la ley 33 de Toro. A dicha hacienda estuvieron vinculadas tres “nobles” familias de raigambre en la Venezuela Colonial. Los Mixares, Ponte y Tovar que estuvieron unidas a través de alianzas matrimoniales para conservar sus bienes.
Campesinos pobres y señores de la tierra. Migraciones hacia el sur de Antioquia 1800-1900
Authors: Valencia Llano Albeiro
Published: April 2016

En el artículo se presenta una interpretación del proceso de colonización en la frontera del sur de Antioquia y en territorios que pertenecían al Cauca y al Tolima. Se analizan las migraciones de los campesinos pobres y la colonización empresarial, que fundó sociedades para controlar, monopolizar y explotar los baldíos, así como los conflictos suscitados entre los colonos, indígenas y dueños de los latifundios.En el ambiente de las guerras civiles (1840-1900) los empresarios terratenientes se orientaron al cultivo de la caña de azúcar, al comercio de arriería, a los remates de licores y, por último, a la economía cafetera. Sobre esta base económica se formó el departamento de Caldas.
Oficios, rangos y parentesco. Los trabajadores de la Casa de la Moneda de Santafé 1620-1816
Authors: Bonnett Vélez Diana
Published: April 2016

Uno de los aspectos que merecen ser considerados para comprender el funcionamiento de la Casa de la Moneda y la mentalidad sobre la organización administrativa de la ceca de Santafé, corresponde a la organización del personal que laboraba allí durante las dos etapas operíodos que caracterizaron la Casa de la Moneda. Estos periodos tienen que ver con la relación entre la Ceca y la Corona. El primer período se dio entre 1620 y 1753, y el segundo período entre 1753 y 1816. En este artículo se examinarán los rangos del personal, la jerarquización y funciones de los trabajadores. Igualmente, para elprimer período nos aproximaremos a los orígenes sociales y administrativos de los tesoreros particulares, las relaciones de parentesco y los problemas generados por la costumbre de la delegación del cargo. Por último, se hará alusión a los conflictos e irregularidades que llevaron a la organización de diversas visitas para mantener un control sobre los funcionarios encargados de la Casa.
La Asimilación Mexicana: Colombia en los años treinta – El caso de Ignacio Gómez Jaramillo
Authors: Solano Roa Juanita
Published: April 2016

Durante la década de los treinta, artistas como Ignacio Gómez Jaramillo tomaron el muralismo mexicano como una parte importante de sus carreras y así mismo doptaron la iniciativa de realizar por primera vez en Colombia arte público. En 1936 Gómez Jaramillo viajó a México durante dos años con el in de estudiar el muralismo, aprender la técnica del fresco y transmitir la experiencia mexicana de las escuelas de pintura al aire libre. Gómez Jaramillo regresó a Colombia en 1938 y en 1939 pintó los murales del Capitolio Nacional. Aunque el trabajo de Gómez Jaramillo después de su regresoa Colombia es bien conocido, su tiempo en México ha sido escasamente explorado y pocos historiadores han analizado el trabajo del artista a la luz de su experienciamexicana. Durante su estadía en México, Gómez Jaramillo se incorporó al grupo de la LEAR (La Liga de Escritores y Artistas Revolucionarios) con la cual creó los murales en el Centro Escolar Revolución (CER). Estos murales son imágenes políticamente comprometidas que aparentemente poco tendrían que ver con su trabajo más histórico a su regreso a Colombia. Este texto propone una revisión cuidadosa al trabajo del artista en el CER y una relectura de los murales del Capitolio Nacional a la luz de una visión más politizada.
Patriotismo o universalismo proletario. El lugar del mundo en el obrerismo y el socialismo colombiano, 1904-1930
Authors: Useche Isidro Vanegas
Published: April 2016

¿Cuál es el rol de los agentes y dinámicas externas en la introducción de una corriente política en un país como Colombia? ¿Una intensa conexión con el exterior es signo de una fructífera modernización de los discursos y las prácticas políticas? Este texto indaga acerca de la manera como los grupos obreristas y socialistas de comienzos del siglo XX se situaron ante el mundo, esto es, cómo definieron la patria a la que aspiraban y qué lugar le dieron en el conjunto universal. Se muestra cómo en un primer momento los activistas políticos ligados al mundo popular optaron por una baja intensidad de sus relaciones directas con Europa y Estados Unidos, afirmando su búsqueda de mayor igualdad dentro de una vindicación de la patria nacional. En una etapa posterior, los socialistas rechazarán la nación, ilusionados por un universalismo comunista que los puso en un amplio contacto con lo que llegó a considerarse como la matriz de una nueva humanidad, sólo que al precio de enajenarse la simpatía de quienes pretendían representar.
Islomania, Dilettantism, and the Devolutionary Vision of Lawrence’s The Man Who Loved Islands
Authors: Ali Zahra A. Hussein
Published: April 2016

This study investigates how science (i.e., Darwinian perspectives) and myth inform the discourse and structure of D.H. Lawrence’s The Man Who Loved Islands. The study posits that the novella harbors a dialectical view of devolution in the context of the detrimental biocultual and cognitive implications of the modern cults of dilettantism and dandyism. Following an integrative approach that conjoins the archetypal, the cultural, and Darwinian perspectives, the study argues that, in terms of technique, Lawrence’s satirical novella employs what Lawrence Durrell termed “islomania” (obsession with islands) to foreground dilettantism as a flawed vision that sidesteps anthropocentricity as well as biocentricity. Moreover, it employs the master image of the desexualized bourgeois dilettante self that takes on the archetypal guise of anti-Eros to conceptualize the idea of devolution, or rather the devolutionary. Another technique that the novella engages is a disinterested authorial tone. Like in scientific discourse, the text is projected as illustrative of a fundamental, universal law or axiom that can harbor an empirical gist: what detrimental pathologies certain general contingencies and cultural practices may effect? In short, as a mock utopia, Lawrence's novella is about the insurvivability of the radical self that succeeds in demonizing heterogeneity and language.

Keywords: D.H. Lawrence, Darwinism in literature, Dilettantism, Dandyism, Biology in literature, Islands in literature
A ética em pesquisa e a estética do conhecimento
Authors: Franco Túlio Batista
Published: April 2016

Os Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa, originalmente concebidos para aná- lise  dos  riscos  a que  se  submetem aqueles que  participam da  pes- quisa, a partir de resoluções do Conselho Nacional de Saúde, come- çaram  a proceder à análise também das  metodologias da  pesquisa um  exame  dos  projetos de  pesquisa reunidos na  Plataforma Brasil, sob  o acompanhamento da  Comissão Nacional de  Ética  em  Pesqui- sa, evidencia um  padrão de  conduta na  pesquisa regido  pelo  méto- do  científico convencional, de  recorte positivista. O presente texto busca levantar os problemas enfrentados por  investigações na  área de ciências sociais  e humanas que não se pautam em condutas e pro- tocolos  particularmente válidos para  as ciências biomédicas. Sobre- tudo  naqueles campos do saber  opera  também a “ciência intuitiva” (scientia intuitiva) proposta por  Spinoza, como  um  reconhecimento de  que  pesquisar é um  ato  de  produção do  mundo e de  si, um  ato criativo. Por  estes  motivos, caberia aos  Comitês de  Ética  regular os projetos com relação exclusivamente aos possíveis e tangíveis riscos, reservando, às questões de método graus  máximos de liberdade, de tal modo  a refletir a própria diversidade do conhecimento.
Ética da pesquisa e ética profissional em sociologia: um começo de conversa
Authors: Lima Jacob Carlos
Published: April 2016

O artigo discute como o profissional da sociologia enfrenta os dilemas ético e morais em sua atividade, e como esses  dilemas são resolvidos tendo como  referência as orientações presentes desde a formação da disciplina.   Recupero minha experiência de  pesquisador, professor e orientador. A experiência nas  três  atividades sintetiza a atividade do sociólogo na universidade, lócus principal, embora não exclusivo, da atuação profissional. E permite uma  certa  generalização, pois  no mercado – empresas, instituições, ONGs – o profissional enfrenta di- lemas  éticos  semelhantes. Além de uma  explanação de questões metodológicas que  remetem aos autores clássicos da disciplina, utilizo o Código  de Ética da Sociedade Brasileira de Sociologia (SBS), como parâmetro para  debater alguns dilemas enfrentados no cotidiano.
Reflexões sobre a internacionalização da sociologia brasileira
Authors: Dwyer Tom
Published: April 2016

Um dois custos da globalização cultural é o de termos que nos comunicar com o outro. Por toda parte se entende o diálogo entre cientistas como uma necessidade para o desenvolvimento de ciências mais robustas e de um mundo menos fragmentado. A opção de internacionalização pela via da língua inglesa levou à incomunicação nas ciências sociais. A abertura de novas frentes de internacionalização da sociologia que não se comunica nem em português (como no meio lusófono), nem em espanhol ou “portunhol” (como nas relações com a Espanha e América Latina), nem em inglês (como na globalização ampla), abre novas possibilidades de interlocução. Este artigo discute esses processos e aponta para uma reflexão acerca da necessidade de ampliação dos níveis de internacionalização.
Artesanato do saber na ideia de universidade: comparações internacionais
Authors: Brüseke Franz Josef
Published: April 2016

As universidades contemporâneas são fruto de uma longa tradição: desde as academias platônicas da antiguidade, das primeiras universidades na Idade Média e da reformulação da sua concepção por Schleiermacher e Humboldt no início do século XIX, estendem-se experiências institucionais que colocaram a pesquisa e o ensino, no seu nível mais complexo, no centro das suas atenções. A universidade massificada contemporânea parece em muitos dos seus aspectos incompatível com a ideia inicial de universidade; nesta situação, com a quantificação da qualificação, rankings internacionais tentam reordenar o campo da ciência e da formação de jovens cientistas, com resultados por vezes óbvios, por vezes duvidosos. As experiências universitárias brasileiras compartilham a tradição universitária europeia e, por serem tardias, confrontam-se, sobretudo, com os problemas da sua última fase: a universidade em expansão quantitativa.
O ofício de sociólogo
Authors: Maior Heraldo Pessoa Souto
Published: April 2016

O presente artigo constitui uma reflexão de alguém que, por cerca de sessenta anos, exerceu o ofício de sociólogo desempenhando diversos papéis em circunstâncias diversas e em momentos diferentes da sociologia no nordeste e no Brasil. Iniciando-se na disciplina como autodidata, na Faculdade de Direito do Recife, com pós-graduação posterior nos Estados Unidos, foi sociólogo no serviço público federal, assessor de repartições municipais, estaduais e federais, professor em faculdades particulares e é professor universitário há cinquenta anos. Medita sobre essas diversas experiências e fases da sociologia brasileira, agora reconhecida formalmente não apenas como disciplina, mas como profissão. Não tem pretensões teóricas ou metodológicas, sendo mais uma representação do ofício no seu dia a dia e como se apresenta no Brasil atual.
Sociólogos do futuro: neoartesanato intelectual e engajamento político
Authors: Dos Santos Jose Vicente Tavares
Published: April 2016

Este texto parte de uma questão: o que é ser aprendiz de Sociologia em um tempo de incertezas? Nos últimos anos, os jovens estão vivendo um tempo de instabilidade, no qual houve a precarização do trabalho e a vivência do labirinto da vida. Passam a experimentar a fragmentação, a vulnerabilidade,alguns o enclausuramento e a morte. Torna-se, portanto, importante relembrar a imaginação sociológica, a arte da descoberta e a necessidade de construir uma explicação para as novas formas do social posicionada no contexto da mundialização da sociedade. O processo da investigação nas Ciências Sociais pode ser entendido como um ato de criação de conhecimento sobre a realidade social, orientado por uma fecunda relação entre a teoria, a observação e a interpretação. Desde a sociologia clássica, alguns axiomas do pensamento sociológico podem ser identificados, cujas múltiplas combinações conceituais permitem delinear algumas características do momento teórico da Sociologia Mundial. Os elementos do pensamento sociológico - investigação científica, engajamento político e imaginação sociológica - foram se forjando em uma tensa e estimulante inserção na perspectiva do espaço tempo social, unindo o rigor investigativo e o pensamento crítico aos processos de transformação social. Aparece urgências em uma época de tecer utopias no espaço - tempo não linear, no dificil encontro de experiências inovadoras, a fim de simular, ou antecipar, a reconstrução dos laços sociais, dos afetos e das paixões. Tempos em que renasce a esperança pelo labor sociológico dos jovens.
Os jovens e as praças dos indignados: territórios de cidadania
Authors: Gohn Maria da Glória
Published: April 2016

Na antiguidade, as praças eram locais de oradores. Na Idade Média, no início do processo de urbanização, as praças reuniam os artesões, o comércio, a arte de rua, e os simbolos do poder. Na Idade Moderna, as praças centrais ganharam status, reuniam os casarões das elites, hotéis, a prefeitura, igreja, câmaras, e o comércio crescente. Em todas essas diferentes épocas, uma função comum: a praça como lócus de manifestação, protesto, reivindicações. Marchas, concentrações, ocupações: as praças tornaram-se lócus por excelência de espaço público para o exercício da cidadania. A partir do século XX estas manifestações ganharam um dado novo: a expressiva participação dos jovens, e recentemente, o uso das novas tecnologias na organização e realização dos protestos. Este trabalho tem como referência manifestações de jovens em territórios distintos: Praça Tahrir, no Cairo/Egito, Praça Mohammad Bouazizi em Túnis/Tunísia, Praça da Puerta del Sol, em Madri/Espanha, Praça Syntagma, em Atenas/Grécia, praça do Parque Zuccoti/Wall Street, em Nova York/Estados Unidos, e Willy-Brandt Platz, em Frankfurt/Alemanha; manifestações de junho de 2013, no Brasil, na Av. Paulista e Largo da Batata, em São Paulo. Nesses territórios, têm ocorrido protestos dos indignados, sob várias formas. Apesar da intensa participação dos jovens, seus impactos na sociedade nem sempre têm sido visíveis, seus resultados nem sempre duradouros para a organização dos movimentos que constroem. O diálogo com os poderes constituídos é tenso ou inexiste. As questões implicitas neste paper são: quais as possibilidades dessas manifestações sob a perspectiva das lutas emancipatórias? Quais desafios teóricos esses movimentos apresentam? Qual o papel simbólico das praças que têm acolhido estas manifestações e movimentos
Biografia e itinerários de um livro: uma abordagem pós-humanista das associações de uma obra de Gisele Freund
Authors: De Morais Jorge Ventura
Published: April 2016

O principal objetivo deste artigo e desvendar a rede sociocultural que o livro La Fotografía y las Clases Medias, de Gisele Freund, seguiu. Outro objetivo, concatenado a este, e analisar o engajamento de uma agência material [o livro] com agencias humanas (eu, entre outros). Em suma, desenvolvo uma análise pós-humanista da trajetória de um objeto. E isso serve para afastar quaisquer suspeitas de que seja de uma abordagem holística ou de que seja uma abordagem baseada no individualismo metodológico; serve também para afastar de mim qualquer aderência a debates de uma sociologia tradicional baseada em dicotomias entre agência e estrutura. Estou interessado em encontrar os nós dos engajamentos entre as agências de diferentes tipos.
Aprendendo pela pesquisa e pelo ensino: o PIBID no processo formativo das licenciaturas em ciências sociais
Authors: Gonçalves Danyelle Nilin , Filho Irapuan Peixoto Lima
Published: April 2016

O artigo discute a inserção do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) no panorama das Licenciaturas em Ciências Sociais e suas implicações na formação de futuros docentes da Educação Básica. Tomando como base a experiência do Pibid Sociologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará, é realizada uma reflexão sobre os impactos que o Programa causa, sobretudo, na relação entre a atuação dos bolsistas e a produção científica advindas dessas experiências. Atenta, no entanto, para a necessidade da discussão ainda incipiente sobre as culturas juvenis, as quais ajudam a entender a vida social da escola para além das análises que se restringem a pensá-la como instituição social alvo de políticas públicas educacionais. Programas como esse podem auxiliar essa compreensão e servir de instrumento de pesquisa, possibilitando conquistas para a Graduação e Pós-Graduação de Sociologia.