bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Socioeconomic Factors and Nutritional Advice on Diet Quality in Women of Reproductive Age: A FIGO-DQS Assessment
Authors: Mitran Andreea-Maria , Popa Alina Delia , Gherasim Andreea , Niță Otilia , Mariana Graur , Arhire Lidia Iuliana , Mihalache Laura , Mircea Cornelia , Mihaela Nikolic , Cioancă Oana
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and practice are important ways of assuring a healthy pregnancy start, which can be shaped during the pre-pregnancy period by the intervention of healthcare providers. In this cross-sectional study, the main objective was to explore contextual determinants of diet quality in women of fertile age, including socioeconomic factors and sources of information. Methods: Data on socioeconomic background, sources of nutritional advice, and determinants of food choices were collected through an anonymous web-based questionnaire completed by 465 women. Diet quality was assessed with the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics diet quality score (FIGO-DQS). Results: Better food choices (OR = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.16–2.51), higher knowledge level (OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.119–2.466), and healthcare advice (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.119–2.466) increased the chances of having a better diet. Both healthcare providers (β = 0.503, p = 0.018) and determinants of food choices (β = 0.520, p = 0.011) had a significant influence on the FIGO score, although the advice provided by the healthcare professionals did not yield a significant influence on the determinants of food choices (β = 0.310, p = 0.125); Conclusions: Knowledge had a mediator effect on the impact of healthcare guidance on nutrition practices, but it does not fully explain the adherence to healthy lifestyle choices.
Prunella vulgaris Extract Ameliorates Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating Androgen Levels, Cell Proliferation, and Apoptosis
Authors: Kumbukgahadeniya Poornima , Baek Eun-Bok , Hong Eun-Ju , Song Jun-Yeop , Kwak Youn-Gil , Jang Mi-Ran , Ji Hyo-Seong , Kwun Hyo-Jung
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent urological condition affecting elderly men. Prunella vulgaris L. (PV), a perennial herbaceous plant native to Europe and Asia, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. In this study, we determined the effect of PV extract on the development of BPH. Methods: Rats were treated via a daily hypodermic injection of testosterone propionate (TP; 3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Groups of BPH rats were treated with or without PV (60 or 80 mg/kg) by oral gavage. Results: In BPH model rats, PV considerably reduced their relative prostate weight and serum concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and testosterone. The TP-induced increases in epithelial thickness in the prostate, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression, and cyclin D1 expression were remarkably reduced, whereas terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells and cleaved caspase-3 levels were increased, in PV-treated rats compared to BPH rats. The mRNA expression levels of growth factors, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-2), were significantly reduced in PV-treated rats. Mechanistically, the TP-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was reduced by PV administration. Conclusions: These results designate that PV effectively ameliorates the development of testosterone-induced BPH through anti-androgenic, anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic activities, suggesting that it could be a potential therapeutic substance for BPH.
Cord Blood Platelet Lysate-Loaded Thermo-Sensitive Hydrogels for Potential Treatment of Chronic Skin Wounds
Authors: Grivet-Brancot Arianna , Buscemi Marianna , Ciardelli Gianluca , Bronco Simona , Sartori Susanna , Cassino Claudio , Al Kayal Tamer , Losi Paola , Soldani Giorgio , Boffito Monica
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: Chronic skin wounds (CSWs) are a worldwide healthcare problem with relevant impacts on both patients and healthcare systems. In this context, innovative treatments are needed to improve tissue repair and patient recovery and quality of life. Cord blood platelet lysate (CB-PL) holds great promise in CSW treatment thanks to its high growth factors and signal molecule content. In this work, thermo-sensitive hydrogels based on an amphiphilic poly(ether urethane) (PEU) were developed as CB-PL carriers for CSW treatment. Methods: A Poloxamer 407®-based PEU was solubilized in aqueous medium (10 and 15% w/v) and added with CB-PL at a final concentration of 20% v/v. Hydrogels were characterized for their gelation potential, rheological properties, and swelling/dissolution behavior in a watery environment. CB-PL release was also tested, and the bioactivity of released CB-PL was evaluated through cell viability, proliferation, and migration assays. Results: PEU aqueous solutions with concentrations in the range 10–15% w/v exhibited quick (within a few minutes) sol-to-gel transition at around 30–37 °C and rheological properties modulated by the PEU concentration. Moreover, CB-PL loading within the gels did not affect the overall gel properties. Stability in aqueous media was dependent on the PEU concentration, and payload release was completed between 7 and 14 days depending on the polymer content. The CB-PL-loaded hydrogels also showed biocompatibility and released CB-PL induced keratinocyte migration and proliferation, with scratch wound recovery similar to the positive control (i.e., CB-PL alone). Conclusions: The developed hydrogels represent promising tools for CSW treatment, with tunable gelation properties and residence time and the ability to encapsulate and deliver active biomolecules with sustained and controlled kinetics.
High-Strength, Self-Healing Copolymers of Acrylamide and Acrylic Acid with Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) Complexes of 4′-Phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine: Preparation, Structure, Properties, and Autonomous and pH-Triggered Healing
Authors: Sorin Evgeny S. , Baimuratova Rose K. , Zhidkov Mikhail V. , Bubnova Maria L. , Perepelitsina Evgeniya O. , Abukaev Ainur F. , Anokhin Denis V. , Ivanov Dmitry A. , Dzhardimalieva Gulzhian I.
Published: November 2024

The utilization of self-healing polymers is a promising way of solving problems associated with the wear and tear of polymer products, such as those caused by mechanical stress or environmental factors. In this study, a series of novel self-healing, high-strength copolymers of acrylamide, acrylic acid, and novel acrylic complexes of 4′-phenyl-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine [Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II)] was prepared. A systematic study of the composition and properties of the obtained polymers was carried out using a variety of physicochemical techniques (elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and tensile testing). All metallopolymer samples exhibit autonomous intrinsic healing along with maintaining high tensile strength values (for some samples, the initial tensile strength exceeded 100 MPa). The best values of healing efficiency are possessed by metallopolymers with a nickel complex (up to 83%), which is most likely due to the highest lability of the metal–heteroatom coordination bonds. The example of this system shows the ability to re-heal with negligible deterioration of the mechanical properties. The possibility of tuning the mechanical properties of self-healing films through the use of different metal ions has been demonstrated.
Unripe Plantain Peel Biohydrogel for Methylene Blue Removal from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Chamorro Andrés Felipe , Luna Sixta Palencia , Palencia Manuel
Published: November 2024

Dye contamination is a serious environmental issue, particularly affecting water bodies, driving efforts to synthesize adsorbent materials with high dye-removal capacities. In this context, eco-friendly and cost-effective materials derived from bioresidues are being explored to recycle and valorize waste. This study investigates the synthesis, characterization, and application of a biohydrogel made from unripe plantain peel (PP), modified with carboxymethyl groups and crosslinked using varying concentrations of citric acid (CA), an eco-friendly and economical organic acid. The materials were characterized by ATR-FTIR, TGA, and SEM, confirming the successful synthesis of hydrogels, which exhibited rough, irregular surfaces with micropores. Additionally, the materials were analyzed for their pH point of zero charge, swelling capacity, and methylene blue (MB) dye removal efficiency. The results indicate that the biohydrogel formed with 1% CA exhibited the most favorable characteristics for MB removal. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption mechanism is pH-dependent, with equilibrium being reached in 720 min. The Freundlich isotherm model provided the best fit for the adsorption data, suggesting a heterogeneous surface and a multilayer adsorption process, with a maximum retention capacity of 600.8 ± 2.1 mg/g at pH 4. These findings contribute to the development of cost-effective and efficient materials for dye removal, particularly from water bodies.
Synthesis of Amorphous Cellulose Derivatives via Michael Addition to Hydroxyalkyl Acrylates for Thermoplastic Film Applications
Authors: Nagaishi Hiroyuki , Totani Masayasu , Kadokawa Jun-ichi
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to prepare new cellulose derivatives that show good feasibility and processability. Accordingly, in this study, we demonstrate Michael addition to hydroxyalkyl acrylates, that is, 2-hydroxyethyl and 4-hydroxybutyl acrylates (HEA and HBA, respectively), to synthesize amorphous cellulose derivatives under alkaline conditions. The reactions were carried out in the presence of LiOH in ionic liquid (1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride)/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents at room temperature or 50 °C for 1 h. The Fourier transform infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the products supported the progress of Michael addition; however, the degrees of substitution (DS) were not high (0.3–0.6 for HEA and 0.6 for HBA). The powder X-ray diffraction analysis of the products indicated their amorphous nature. The cellulosic Michael adduct from HEA with DS = 0.6 was swollen with high polar organic liquids, such as DMF. In addition to swelling with these liquids, the cellulosic Michael adduct from HBA was soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), leading to its 1H NMR analysis in DMSO-d6. This adduct was found to form a cast film with flexible properties from its DMSO solutions. Furthermore, films containing an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, showed thermoplasticity. The Michael addition approach to hydroxyalkyl acrylates is quite effective to totally reduce crystallinity, leading to good feasibility and processability in cellulosic materials, even with low DS. In addition, the present thermoplastic films will be applied in practical, bio-based, and eco-friendly fields.
From Fivefold to Five-in-One Ministry: Mega-Ecclesiological Leadership (Dis)Continuities in Southern Africa
Authors: Tagwirei Kimion
Published: November 2024

In Southern Africa in recent years, the governance and ecclesiologies of mega-Pentecostal churches have been drifting away from upholding collective and complementary fivefold ministries to individualistic and selfish five-in-one ministries. Studies indicate that a fivefold ministry advances inclusive ecclesiological leadership, edification, and transformational integral mission. At present, mega and related forms of emerging neo-Pentecostalism have developed exclusive, prophetic, apostolic, and executive ecclesial leadership, which are characterized mainly by authoritarian governance, celebrity leadership, leader-centered ecclesiology, and congregational manipulation and exploitation. Such church governance and ecclesiologies enable leaders to indoctrinate their subordinates and congregants to submit to and depend on them for everything. The effect is that followers are rendered dormant, under what this submission describes as five-in-one ministry, which leaves one person claiming to possess all ministerial gifts and leadership capabilities and relegating everyone else to being idle followers. Although much has been published about African Pentecostal leadership and ecclesiologies, studies on African megachurch governance, leadership styles and ministries are few. Through a literature review and participant observation, this paper uncovers and troubleshoots the effects of five-in-one megachurch governance and ecclesiologies in Africa. It discerns and addresses drivers of the five-in-one ministry and makes recommendations, such as reforming megachurch governance, leadership styles, and ecclesiologies; integrating ecumenism with leadership development; and developing inclusive economic sustainability.
Politics and Religion in Communist Romania—Case Studies: André Scrima and Valeriu Anania
Authors: Morariu Iuliu-Marius
Published: November 2024

(1) Background: The present research aims to emphasize the interest of the Securitate in theological matters with the help of information provided by the Romanian Securitate Archives. To this end, we will focus on two important personalities of the Romanian theological space, namely André Scrima (1925–2000), who left Romania in 1956 and refused to go back, and Valeriu Bartolomeu Anania, who was imprisoned for political reasons and later sent to the USA between 1966 and 1977. Both were writers and theological and cultural personalities (Scrima was well known internationally, while Anania had made a name for himself within the borders of the country). Therefore, the question this research will try to answer is the following: What was the interest of the Romanian Securitate in terms of religious aspects and particularly in the Orthodox Church? (2) Results: This analysis of the documents from the Romanian Securitate Archives proves that, although such an interest existed, it was rather superficial and was mostly related to the potential relations between politics and theology. (3) Methods: This analysis is qualitative and consists of a case study based on the interpretation of primary sources. (4) Conclusions: The conclusion of this research is that the Romanian Securitate was interested in the personalities and the work of André Scrima and Valeriu Bartolomeu Anania and their relationships with various people. However, the theological aspect was only of secondary interest to the Romanian Securitate.
Guns, Thorns, and Zeal: Popular Depictions of a Kombative Christ
Authors: Chavez William S.
Published: November 2024

What are the political, gender, and theological implications at stake when associating Jesus with modern combat and righteous violence? Jesus is rendered in combative form across media—i.e., live-action films and shorts, animated television, sketch comedy, graphic novels, and video games. This rendition occurs at a confluence of meaning, most immediately for the sake of generating comedy through juxtaposition (in this case, rendering the meek with a sword) and/or reaffirming Jesus’ prominent cultural value through an association with other popularly mediatized entities. Beyond these initial layers of significance, however, I argue that Jesus becomes associated with violence and brutality for the sake of de/legitimizing politically conservative ideologies with respect to Christianity and American exceptionalism, redeeming the crisis of “domesticated masculinity” and fortifying traditional masculine norms, and theologically reinstituting popular paradigms of low Christology. Ideological “manhood” remains traced to one’s ability to perform traditional gender roles (i.e., family provider, community protector, and father/procreator). To capture the discrepancy that Jesus of Nazareth, as presented in canonical gospels, largely concerns none of these roles, I analyze the hypermasculine Christ, and the various weapons he employs, as part of a popular genealogy of Western value systems and discourse. Though in this article I reference some examples of non-American media, I reserve my analysis and commentary for the stakes and implications of what it means for U.S. Americans to produce and consume such content. In short, I submit that popular America idolizes itself in the form—one amidst many—of a naïve, combative, and boorish Christ: an arrogant and, at times, narcissistic man with delusional views of the world made dangerous through invasive power and authority. Western entertainment has deemed the United States (through its fictional stand-ins) as morally failing yet still chosen. Within this logic, American Christians need not reform their ways as long as they cultivate evidence of their exceptionalism.
Global Semantic Localization from Abstract Ellipse-Ellipsoid Model and Object-Level Instance Topology
Authors: Wu Heng , Liu Yanjie , Wang Chao , Wei Yanlong
Published: November 2024

Robust and highly accurate localization using a camera is a challenging task when appearance varies significantly. In indoor environments, changes in illumination and object occlusion can have a significant impact on visual localization. In this paper, we propose a visual localization method based on an ellipse-ellipsoid model, combined with object-level instance topology and alignment. First, we develop a CNN-based (Convolutional Neural Network) ellipse prediction network, DEllipse-Net, which integrates depth information with RGB data to estimate the projection of ellipsoids onto images. Second, we model environments using 3D (Three-dimensional) ellipsoids, instance topology, and ellipsoid descriptors. Finally, the detected ellipses are aligned with the ellipsoids in the environment through semantic object association, and 6-DoF (Degree of Freedom) pose estimation is performed using the ellipse-ellipsoid model. In the bounding box noise experiment, DEllipse-Net demonstrates higher robustness compared to other methods, achieving the highest prediction accuracy for 11 out of 23 objects in ellipse prediction. In the localization test with 15 pixels of noise, we achieve ATE (Absolute Translation Error) and ARE (Absolute Rotation Error) of 0.077 m and 2.70∘ in the fr2_desk sequence. Additionally, DEllipse-Net is lightweight and highly portable, with a model size of only 18.6 MB, and a single model can handle all objects. In the object-level instance topology and alignment experiment, our topology and alignment methods significantly enhance the global localization accuracy of the ellipse-ellipsoid model. In experiments involving lighting changes and occlusions, our method achieves more robust global localization compared to the classical bag-of-words based localization method and other ellipse-ellipsoid localization methods.
Spatiotemporal Dynamic Analysis of Eutrophication Status Based on Machine Learning-Based Retrieval Algorithm: Case Study in Liangzi Lake, Hubei, China
Authors: Li Peifeng , Hao Fanghua , Wu Hao , Nie Hanjiang
Published: November 2024

The routine monitoring of eutrophication is an important measure for observing the variation in water quality and protecting the ecological health of lakes. However, in situ information reflects eutrophication levels within a limited distance and period. In this study, we retrieved the trophic level index (TLI) based on Landsat 8 remote sensing images and using a machine learning (ML) method in Liangzi Lake in Hubei Province, China. The results showed that random forest (RF) outperformed other ML algorithms in estimating the TLI, evaluated by its higher fitness through the Monte Carlo method (median values of R2, RMSE, and MAE are 0.54, 0.047, and 0.037, respectively). In general, 8% of the areas of Liangzi Lake presented an increasing eutrophication level from 2014 to 2022, and 20.1% of the areas reached a mild eutrophication level in 2022. In addition, we found that temperature and anthropogenic activities may impact the eutrophication conditions of the lake. This work uses remote sensing imagery and a ML method to monitor the dynamics of the lake’s eutrophication status, thereby providing a valuable reference for pollution control measures and enhancing the efficiency of water resource management.
The Future of Radar Space Observation in Europe—Major Upgrade of the Tracking and Imaging Radar (TIRA)
Authors: Klare Jens , Behner Florian , Carloni Claudio , Cerutti-Maori Delphine , Fuhrmann Lars , Hoppenau Clemens , Karamanavis Vassilis , Laubach Marcel , Marek Alexander , Perkuhn Robert , Reuter Simon , Rosebrock Felix
Published: November 2024

The use of near-Earth space has grown dramatically during the last decades, resulting in thousands of active and inactive satellites and a huge amount of space debris. To observe and monitor the near-Earth space environment, radar systems play a major role as they can be operated at any time and under any weather conditions. The Tracking and Imaging Radar (TIRA) is one of the largest space observation radars in the world. It consists of a 34m Cassegrain antenna, a precise tracking radar, and a high-resolution imaging radar. Since the 1990s, TIRA contributes to the field of space domain awareness by tracking and imaging space objects and by monitoring the debris population. Due to new technologies, modern satellites become smaller, and satellite extensions become more compact. Thus, sensitive high-resolution space observation systems are needed to detect, track, and image these space objects. To fulfill these requirements, TIRA is undergoing a major upgrade. The current imaging radar in the Ku band will be replaced by a new radar with improved geometrical and radiometric resolution operating in the Ka band. Due to its wideband fully polarimetric capability, the new imaging radar will increase the analysis and characterization of space objects. In addition, the tracking radar in the L band is also being currently refurbished. Through its novel modular structure and open design, highly flexible radar modes and precise tracking concepts can be efficiently implemented for enhanced space domain awareness. The new TIRA system will mark the start of a new era for space observation with radar in Europe.
Climatological Evaluation of Three Assimilation and Reanalysis Datasets on Soil Moisture over the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Sang Yinghan , Ren Hong-Li , Li Mei
Published: November 2024

Soil moisture is critical in the linkage between the land and atmosphere of energy and water exchange, especially over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, due to the lack of in situ plateau soil moisture measurements, the reanalyzed and assimilated data are the major supplements for TP climate research. Based on observations from 1992 to 2013, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of three sets of assimilation and reanalysis products (GLDAS, ERA5-Land, and MERRA-2) on the climatic mean and variability of soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau (TPSM). For the climatic mean, GLDAS captures the spatial distribution and annual cycle of TPSM better than other datasets in terms of lower spatial RMSE (0.07 m3×m-3) and bias (0.06 m3×m-3). In terms of the climatic variability of TPSM, the multi-data average (MDA) highlights its advantages in reducing the bias relative to any single data product. MDA describes the TPSM anomalies more stably and accurately in terms of temporal trend and variation (r = 0.94), as well as the dipole spatial pattern in EOF1. When considering both the climatic mean and spatial variability, the performance of MDA is more accurate and balanced than that of a single data product. This study overcomes the deficiency of limited time and space in previous evaluations of TPSM and indicates that multi-data averaging may be a more effective approach in the climate investigation of TPSM.
Approximation Properties of Chlodovsky-Type Two-Dimensional Bernstein Operators Based on (p, q)-Integers
Authors: Karabıyık Ümit , Ayık Adem , Karaisa Ali
Published: November 2024

In the present study, we introduce the two-dimensional Chlodovsky-type Bernstein operators based on the (p,q)-integer. By leveraging the inherent symmetry properties of (p,q)-integers, we examine the approximation properties of our new operator with the help of a Korovkin-type theorem. Further, we present the local approximation properties and establish the rates of convergence utilizing the modulus of continuity and the Lipschitz-type maximal function. Additionally, a Voronovskaja-type theorem is provided for these operators. We also investigate the weighted approximation properties and estimate the rate of convergence in the same space. Finally, illustrative graphics generated with Maple demonstrate the convergence rate of these operators to certain functions. The optimization of approximation speeds by these symmetric operators during system control provides significant improvements in stability and performance. Consequently, the control and modeling of dynamic systems become more efficient and effective through these symmetry-oriented innovative methods. These advancements in the fields of modeling fractional differential equations and control theory offer substantial benefits to both modeling and optimization processes, expanding the range of applications within these areas.
Supersymmetric Quesne-Dunkl Quantum Mechanics on Radial Lines
Authors: Bouzeffour Fethi
Published: November 2024

Quantum deformations offer valuable perspectives into quantum mechanics, particularly by advancing our understanding of symmetry and algebraic structures.The Dunkl oscillator, which integrates Dunkl operators into the harmonic oscillator framework, advances the system’s algebraic properties and opens new approaches for exploring quantum phenomena. Supersymmetric quantum mechanics (SSQM) unifies bosonic and fermionic aspects and facilitates the construction of solvable models using generalized Dunkl operators. This paper introduces a new approach to the Dunkl oscillator, employing a complex reflection operator to deepen the understanding of its connection to Hermite polynomials on radial lines. The results offer new perspectives on the Dunkl oscillator’s algebraic structure and its relevance to SSQM and quantum deformation theory, expanding the potential for discovering solvable quantum models.
piRNA Defense Against Endogenous Retroviruses
Authors: Abajorga Milky , Yurkovetskiy Leonid , Luban Jeremy
Published: November 2024

Infection by retroviruses and the mobilization of transposable elements cause DNA damage that can be catastrophic for a cell. If the cell survives, the mutations generated by retrotransposition may confer a selective advantage, although, more commonly, the effect of new integrants is neutral or detrimental. If retrotransposition occurs in gametes or in the early embryo, it introduces genetic modifications that can be transmitted to the progeny and may become fixed in the germline of that species. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are single-stranded, 21–35 nucleotide RNAs generated by the PIWI clade of Argonaute proteins that maintain the integrity of the animal germline by silencing transposons. The sequence specific manner by which piRNAs and germline-encoded PIWI proteins repress transposons is reminiscent of CRISPR, which retains memory for invading pathogen sequences. piRNAs are processed preferentially from the unspliced transcripts of piRNA clusters. Via complementary base pairing, mature antisense piRNAs guide the PIWI clade of Argonaute proteins to transposon RNAs for degradation. Moreover, these piRNA-loaded PIWI proteins are imported into the nucleus to modulate the co-transcriptional repression of transposons by initiating histone and DNA methylation. How retroviruses that invade germ cells are first recognized as foreign by the piRNA machinery, as well as how endogenous piRNA clusters targeting the sequences of invasive genetic elements are acquired, is not known. Currently, koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are going through an epidemic due to the horizontal and vertical transmission of the KoRV-A gammaretrovirus. This provides an unprecedented opportunity to study how an exogenous retrovirus becomes fixed in the genome of its host, and how piRNAs targeting this retrovirus are generated in germ cells of the infected animal. Initial experiments have shown that the unspliced transcript from KoRV-A proviruses in koala testes, but not the spliced KoRV-A transcript, is directly processed into sense-strand piRNAs. The cleavage of unspliced sense-strand transcripts is thought to serve as an initial innate defense until antisense piRNAs are generated and an adaptive KoRV-A-specific genome immune response is established. Further research is expected to determine how the piRNA machinery recognizes a new foreign genetic invader, how it distinguishes between spliced and unspliced transcripts, and how a mature genome immune response is established, with both sense and antisense piRNAs and the methylation of histones and DNA at the provirus promoter.
The Apparent Lack of the Risk of Intussusception Immediately After Rotavirus Vaccination Among Japanese Infants
Authors: Kikuchi Wakako , Noguchi Atsuko , Sato Yoko , Konno Yuuki , Komatsu Akira , Tandai Satoru , Kikuchi Wataru , Miura Shinobu , Fukaya Hiroshi , Ohata Tomoaki , Noguchi Hiroo , Matsuno Kenichi , Tsukahara Hisayuki , Kondo Daiki , Komatsu Masaki , Tamura Masamichi , Koizumi Hiromi , Nakagomi Toyoko , Nakagomi Osamu , Takahashi Tsutomu
Published: November 2024

Rotavirus vaccines carry a small risk of intussusception mainly 1–7 days after vaccination in the United States of America, Europe, Australia, and Latin America where the background rate of intussusception is relatively low. Such risks are undetectable in Africa and India where the background rate is the lowest. Because few studies were carried out in high-background-rate countries such as Japan, we examined how intussusception occurred in infants living in Akita prefecture, Japan, while the vaccines were sold in the private market. Between 2011 and 2018, an estimated 21,677 infants (46%) were vaccinated and 54% were not. Through a retrospective survey of medical records in 18 hospitals in the prefecture, we identified 58 infants, 28 of whom were vaccinated and 30 of whom were unvaccinated, as having intussusception that met level 1 of the Brighton criteria. Thus, the intussusception rate was 123 per 100,000 infant-years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 94–160). Despite the high rate, none developed intussusception 1–7 days after the first dose of either the monovalent human rotavirus vaccine (GSK) or the pentavalent human–bovine reassortant vaccine (MSD). The incidence rate ratio of vaccinated to unvaccinated infants between 42 and 245 days of life was estimated at 0.96 (95%CI: 0.43–2.1; p = 0.92). Given that over 95% of infants received the first dose before 15 weeks of age, the risk of intussusception associated with the rotavirus vaccines in high-incidence-rate countries can be reduced to a minimum by adhering to the recommended schedule at 2, 3, and 4 months of age.
Mountain Hydrology Based on the Water Balance of the Tropical Basin of the Topo River (Tungurahua–Ecuador)
Authors: García-Andrade Erick , Mora Diego E. , Mendoza Daniel E. , Páez-Bimos Sebastián
Published: November 2024

The Topo River basin, located in the tropical region of Ecuador, is considered a little-known and well-preserved basin, with limited access conditions and scarce data that hinder its hydrological understanding. However, this gap can be addressed through this study, which evaluates morphometric and hydrometeorological factors, relating them to water storage in the Topo River basin and comparing these results with other watersheds. The aim is to identify the morphometric and hydrometeorological factors that control the variability in water storage. Firstly, a morphometric characterization was conducted. Then, a hydrometeorological characterization was carried out based on climatic data from a single station with less than two years of data, along with the calculation of the water balance. Finally, water storage in the Topo basin was compared with the main morphometric and hydrometeorological characteristics of other basins. The results showed that the Topo River basin stores 9.1 mm annually (0.20% of its precipitation), and this storage is the result of its high runoff coefficient. It was concluded that basins with lower precipitation, higher evapotranspiration ranges, larger areas, gentler slopes, smaller altitude ranges, longer rivers, and basins that are narrow and oval-shaped may have higher water storage capacity.
Measuring Microplastic Concentrations in Water by Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Gomes Diogo , Magalhães Solange , Rasteiro Maria Graça , Faia Pedro
Published: November 2024

Plastics are vital for society, but their usage has grown exponentially and contributes to the growth of pollution worldwide. The World Health Organization, WHO, already reported that microplastics (MPs) are found everywhere, in waste and fresh water, and in the air and soil. Regarding water effluents, waste-water treatment plants only minimize the problem, trapping only larger size particles. In contrast, smaller ones remain in oxidation ponds or sewage sludges, or are even released to aquifers environment. Classic procedures for MPs detection are still quite laborious, and are usually conducted off-line, involving several steps and expensive equipment. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS, is a technique that allows the analysis of a system’s electrical response, yielding helpful information about its domain-dependent on physical-chemical properties. Due to the superficial electronegativity of MPs’ particles, EIS may allow to attain the purpose of the present work: to provide a fast and reliable method to detect/estimate MPs’ concentration in water effluents. Among the most common microplastics are Polyethylene, PE, and Polyvinyl Chloride, PVC. Using the developed setup and experimental data collection methodology, the authors could differentiate between MPs’ suspensions containing the same concentration of the different evaluated MPs, PVC and PE, and assess PVC concentration variation, in the interval between 0.03 to 0.5 g (w/w), with an error, estimated based on the obtained impedance modulus, around or below 3% for the entire stimulus signal frequency range (from 100 Hz to 40 MHz) for the PVC particles.
Research on the Current Situation and Sustainable Development Measures for Urban–Rural Water Supply Integration in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Ma Zifei , Li Wengang , Li Yang , Li Jing , Wang Jing
Published: November 2024

Urban–Rural Water supply integration is one of the effective ways to address rural drinking water safety issues. With the rapid economic development and urbanization, the gap between urban and rural water supply has become increasingly evident, and rural areas face severe challenges such as insufficient water sources and substandard water quality. Yunnan Province, due to its unique topography and natural environment, encounters numerous difficulties in promoting the construction and development of urban–rural water supply integration, and there is a severe lack of research specifically focused on sustainable development measures for urban–rural water supply integration in Yunnan Province. In light of this, this paper first reviews the current research status on urban–rural water supply integration both domestically and internationally, pointing out that existing studies mainly focus on optimizing urban water supply systems, addressing rural drinking water safety issues, and exploring water supply management models. It then analyzes the challenges faced by Yunnan Province in advancing urban–rural water supply integration, including limitations in engineering construction, inadequate operation and maintenance, complex and variable water source conditions, and insufficient public awareness of water conservation. In response to these issues, a series of sustainable development measures are proposed, including revitalizing existing assets, enhancing construction planning and quality, promoting water pricing reforms, upgrading the technical system for drinking water safety assurance, and advancing the information technology construction of urban–rural water supply integration, with the aim of providing references and insights for the sustainable development of urban–rural water supply integration in Yunnan Province and other regions.
Zirconium-Modified Attapulgite Composite for Phosphorus Removal and Algae Control in Lake Water
Authors: Lin Chun-Yan , Wu Wenliang , Shao Wenya
Published: November 2024

Phosphorus removal is critical for effective water treatment and the prevention of eutrophication. This study focuses on the modification of attapulgite, an economical clay material, with zirconium (Zr@ATP) to enhance its phosphorus adsorption capacity. Zr@ATP was comprehensively characterized, and its phosphorus-removal mechanisms were investigated. Additionally, its performance in water treatment was evaluated using a lake water-sediment system. Zr@ATP exhibited a high surface area of 329.29 m2/g. The static adsorption experiments revealed that Zr@ATP achieved a phosphorus-removal efficiency of 95.8% at an adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, with the primary mechanism being chemisorption via ion exchange. Application of Zr@ATP in a lake water-sediment system resulted in an 83.6% reduction in total phosphorus. The chlorophyll concentration significantly decreased from 32.33 μg/L to 8.56 μg/L, and the algal density decreased by 84.6%, effectively inhibiting algal growth. These results suggest that Zr@ATP is a promising adsorbent for sustainable phosphorus removal and eutrophication control in aquatic environments.
Electrochemically Coupled Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Facilitates Remediation of Microplastic-Containing Wastewater
Authors: Zhou Kunpeng , Yin Huilin , Ding Zhenyu , Xu Nuchao , Fan Yun
Published: November 2024

Ubiquitous microplastics (MPs) severely affect the efficiency of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AMBR) for wastewater treatment and energy recovery by inhibiting the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms. The electrochemical system can not only accelerate waste metabolism but also improve microbial resistance by promoting interspecies electron transfer within the system, which has broad application potential in the remediation of MPs wastewater. This paper attempts to evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation on the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment processes containing MPs employing an electrochemical system coupled to an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (ECAMBR). The results showed that although MP exposure inhibited methanogenic performance, electrical stimulation effectively alleviated this inhibitory effect. Further analysis showed that microplastics increased cell damage and affected enzyme activity, but electrical stimulation could affect the stress response of microorganisms, leading to changes in their cell viability and enzyme activities. The 16S-rRNA sequencing indicated that the highest abundance of hydrolytic–acidogenic bacteria Firmicutes and Bacteroidota was found at the phylum level, whereas at the genus level, it was Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and methanogens were dominated by Methylomonas, Methyloversatilis, and Methylobacter. Functional prediction analysis indicated that carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism were the dominant metabolic pathways and that electrical stimulation could enhance their activities. This study demonstrated the important role of electrochemical stimulation in the remediation of wastewater containing high concentrations of MPs.
About domestic technological solutions — import substitution: the experience of the manufacturer of parking equipment "CleverPark"
Authors:   CleverPark LLC, Mikhailov S.Y.
Published: November 2024

With the departure of foreign companies from Russia due to sanctions, the need arose to intensively develop our own production in many industries. The production of parking systems was no exception. The issue of equipping parking lots with Russian-made equipment became especially pressing last fall: in Vladivostok, Kaluga, Novosibirsk and other cities, parking meters installed by foreign manufacturers stopped working. The CleverPark company produces parking equipment and develops software for parking automation, successfully replacing departed foreign manufacturers in the market. Major projects include the supply of self-developed parking meters for the city parking space of Tyumen, the modernization of parking meters for the needs of the City Parking Management Center of St. Petersburg, as well as the modernization of equipment in parking lots for the State Central Management Center of St. Petersburg. The company also developed a central parking management system within the framework of the Unifi ed City Parking Space of St. Petersburg and equipped the parking space of the airports of Simferopol, Novy Urengoy and other facilities. Currently, CleverPark equipment has been installed or is being installed in 20 cities of Russia, including 8 airports. The article describes the experience of import substitution of foreign parking equipment and creating its own production, and also provides examples of projects implemented by the company.
How to evaluate the management culture in a company
Authors:   LLC ", Kapitonov A.N. ,   OTiDO Consulting",   Russia, Moscow
Published: November 2024

The article describes the author’s methodology “3D model of management communications”, which allows assessing the management culture both in a separate department and in the company as a whole. The tool contains indicators of the quality of management communications in three directions — local, vertical and horizontal, which allows you to obtain a holistic picture of the health of the management culture in the diagnosed structure. Based on the results of the assessment, it is possible to conduct a comparative analysis of management culture in diff erent departments and formulate a cultural transformation program throughout the company. The “3D model” focuses on middle management as the main carrier of management culture in the organization. Currently, this methodology is used in several Russian companies as part of projects to develop management culture. The article is aimed at experts who are responsible in their companies for implementing initiatives to improve the quality of management: HR specialists, project office employees, top managers.
A modern approach to quality management in the conditions of digital transformation of the enterprise
Authors:   Perm Mashinostroitel, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Тashkinov A.G.
Published: November 2024

The article provides an overview of the development of various approaches that have emerged in the process of improving the quality management concept. An approach to quality management at an enterprise in the context of digital transformation is presented. A diagram of the operation of a digital terminal for quality control and management during the digitalization of processes is described. When implementing the considered concept, the enterprise receives a systemic approach based on a cycle of continuous improvement, as well as preparation of the enterprise for possible structural changes.
Physiological research of young Russian sturgeons in modern ecological conditions of the Caspian sea
Authors:   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (", Kozlova N.V. ,   CaspNIRKH",   ), Russia, Astrakhan, Nikitin F.I. ,   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO ("CaspNIRKH"), Russia, Astrakhan, Makeeva O.V. ,   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO ("CaspNIRKH"), Russia, Astrakhan, Ponomarev R.A. ,   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO ("CaspNIRKH"), Russia, Astrakhan
Published: November 2024

In the Volga-Caspian fisheries basin, artificial reproduction of sturgeon species is the primary source of replenishing their natural populations. The aim of this study is to conduct physiological research on juvenile Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) in the western part of the Northern Caspian Sea, to establish the features of fish homeostasis. The physiological condition of the specimens was studied using a set of physiological and biochemical parameters. Hematological, biochemical, and morpho-histological parameters were evaluated. In the blood of the fish, the contents of hemoglobin, total protein, glucose, inorganic phosphorus, calcium, creatinine, bilirubin, total lipids, cholesterol, and triglycerides were determined. In the muscle tissue of juvenile Russian sturgeon, the physiological and biochemical indicators studied included the content of the main reserve substances of the body — total lipids and water-soluble protein. Histological methods were used to assess the morpho-functional state of the gills. The variability of physiological and biochemical parameters in juvenile Russian sturgeon was calculated using descriptive statistics based on parametric and non-parametric criteria in the blood and muscles. According to the results of correlation statistical analysis, significant changes were observed in the tissues of the sturgeon juveniles, aimed at providing the body with sources of energy and nutrients used for the functioning of body tissues and serving as reserve stocks, as well as maintaining regulatory mechanisms of metabolism and its changes depending on fluctuating environmental conditions. The morphological examination of the gills revealed vascular disorders, hyperplasia, swelling, and hypertrophy of the respiratory epithelium cells, corresponding to borderline disturbances from mild to moderate damage, which was the organ’s response to external environmental influences.
Kutbüddîn-i Şîrâzî’nin Kıraatleri Nakil Üslubunun Özgünlük Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Sâd Sûresi Örneği
Authors: Güloğlu Nazife Vildan
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmada Kutbüddîn-i Şîrâzî’nin Fethu’l-mennân fî tefsîri’l-Kur’ân adlı eserinde kıraatleri nakletme metodunun özgünlük açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Sâd sûresi tefsiri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Nitel araştırma tekniklerinden doküman incelemesi ve içerik analizi yöntemleri kullanılan bu makalede, müellifin kıraat rivayetlerini nakletme uslubuna dair verilere ulaşılmış ve bunların kaynaklarıyla mukayesesi yapılmıştır. Müellif, Sâd sûresi tefsirinde kıraat nakillerine olabildiğince yer vermiştir. Onun Nehhâs, Zemahşerî, Kurtubî ve Nesefî gibi âlimlerden gerek isimlerini vererek gerekse isimlerini vermeden bazen aynen bazen de özetle kıraat nakillerinde bulunduğu görülmüştür. Bu esnada kaynaklarda olmayan bazı ilavelerde bulunması, onun sadece nakleden bir müellif olmadığını göstermektedir. Şirâzî’nin konuyla ilgili olarak kaynaklarında geçen bir takım görüş ayrılıklarına değinmemesi ise onun tefsirini kamuya yönelik kılmayı hedeflediğini ifade etmektedir. Müellif, bütün kıraat rivayetlerini zikretme çabasında olmamıştır. Onun tefsirinde gerekli gördüğü ve daha çok manaya katkı sağladığını düşündüğü kıraat vecihlerini zikrettiği anlaşılmaktadır.
The Brief Case Burkholderia cepacia infection in the neonatal unit: a cautionary tale of contaminated EEG skin preparation
Authors: Chua I-Ly Joanna , Blyth Chris , Porter Michelle , Minney-Smith Cara , Merritt Adam , Brennan Brittany , Farrar Cristina , Pelumbo Linda , Engelbrecht Danielle , Nicolaou Lisa
Published: November 2024

Burkholderia cepacia isolated from a scalp wound of a neonate prompted investigation to identify potential sources. The same organism was isolated from numerous batches of gel used to prepare skin prior to electroencephalography (EEG), prompting a recall of this product. This case highlights the potential for contamination of equipment and products used for EEG.