bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resolução 2.173/2017: análise do impacto no diagnóstico de morte encefálica
Authors: Rulim Isabelita de Luna Batista , Moretti Miguel Antônio , Santos Antonia Thamara Ferreira dos , Rulim Marco Antonio Bezerra , Rulim Ana Laís Lacerda , Chagas Antonio Carlos Palandri
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto da resolução 2.173/2017 do Conselho Federal de Medicina no diagnóstico de morte encefálica e no tempo de diagnóstico. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa.  Amostra obtida a partir da análise retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico clínico de morte encefálica nos anos de 2017 e 2018, 31 em cada ano, período antecessor e sucessor a mudança da lei que define os critérios de morte encefálica. Resultados: Dos 62 prontuários avaliados, 76% pertenciam a pacientes do sexo masculino; com a idade média de 40 anos. 52% pertenciam a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Das entrevistas realizadas para doação de órgãos, o procedimento foi negado em 52%. Houve um aumento no número de doações em relação aos anos avaliados, 7 em 2017 e 12 em 2018. Observou-se uma redução no tempo das avaliações clínicas e um aumento no número dos profissionais aptos a fazer as avaliações de morte encefálica. Conclusão: A resolução está diretamente ligada a celeridade no processo de diagnóstico de morte encefálica, com impacto na redução do tempo de confirmação do diagnóstico, no aumento do número dos profissionais habilitados e aumento no número de doações de órgãos.
Understanding statin intolerance: Challenges, mechanisms, and management strategies
Authors: Banzal Subodh , Singhai Abhishek
Published: January 2025

Statins are among the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as coronary artery disease and stroke. They function by blocking HMG-CoA reductase that produces cholesterol, which lowers the levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. But despite its demonstrated ability to lower cardiovascular risk, a sizable portion of individuals develop adverse effects that result in statin intolerance. Statin intolerance is a frequent cause of statin cessation or noncompliance. It is linked to fewer clinical benefits and less-than-ideal cardiovascular risk management. This review article explores the concept of statin intolerance, including its occurrence, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Why should we pay attention to occupational history? Two case reports
Authors: Aslan Kara Asuman , Sarı Gülden , Koyuncu Adem , Şimşek Cebrail
Published: January 2025

The diagnosis of occupational lung diseases requires a high level of suspicion and a comprehensive occupational history. Neglecting this can lead to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate management. In advanced stages of pneumoconiosis, progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) masses may develop. Distinguishing between PMF and lung cancer in advanced pneumoconiosis cases can be difficult. Insufficient questioning about occupational history in these cases may lead to unnecessary invasive procedures and worsen existing pneumoconiosis. This study aimed to highlight the significance of obtaining a thorough occupational history in diagnosing and differentiating occupational diseases. Two cases are presented where patients were admitted to our clinic after undergoing invasive procedures for suspected interstitial lung disease and lung cancer at another institution. A detailed occupational history combined with characteristic radiological findings diagnosed with pneumoconiosis. In patients with pneumoconiosis, it is of great importance to establish an exposure-causality relationship with a detailed occupational history.
Non-operative and operative management of posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction – A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Adukia Vidhi , Trivedi Rishi , Houchen-Wolloff Linzy , Mangwani Jitendra , O’Neill Seth , Divall Pip , Vaishya Raju
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:

Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is the most common cause of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity. Both non-operative and operative treatment modalities exist; however, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment. The aim was to systematically review the literature for outcomes following the treatment of PTTD.

Materials and Methods:

Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched between August 2020 and August 2021. Studies on the management of PTTD were identified and included those that explored non-operative modalities, such as physiotherapy, or operative modalities, such as flexor digitorum longus (FDL) transfer or the Cobb procedure. Only studies that reported pre- and post-operative functional and/or radiological outcome measures were included. The studies were analyzed for quality using the modified Coleman Methodology Score. A random effects model was used to evaluate the pooled outcome data.

Results:

The search yielded 1795 and 129 studies for the non-operative and operative management of PTTD, respectively, of which 3/1795 and 15/129 studies were included. All 3 studies for the non-operative management of PTTD reported different orthotics and physiotherapy regimens. Orthoses along with stretching and strengthening exercises had more favorable outcomes (P < 0.0001) than orthoses and stretching alone (P = 0.02). 12/15 studies for the operative management of PTTD involved an FDL transfer, of which only one was a randomized controlled trial. The pooled mean difference (MD) was found to be significant for all assessed outcomes – American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores (MD = 41, P < 0.00001), talonavicular coverage angle (MD = 12.66, P < 0.001), lateral talometatarsal angle (MD = 7.17, P < 0.00001), and calcaneal pitch (MD = 4.09, P < 0.00001).

Conclusion:

Orthoses with stretching and strengthening exercises have more favorable outcomes than orthoses and stretching alone. Both FDL transfer and the Cobb procedure improve functional and radiological outcomes and are viable options for the surgical management of PTTD. However, there is a lack of data, meaning that the superiority of one method over the other cannot be proven.
Analysis of Newspaper Headlines from The Times and The New York Times: UEFA Euro 2024 and Paris Olympics 2024
Authors: Stojan Nataša
Published: January 2025

Sporting events have numerous positive impacts on individual communities, countries, and society in general. They transcend geographical and cultural boundaries, and contribute to societal well-being by connecting communities around the world. The Olympics and the Euro (UEFA European Football Championship) are among the most popular sporting events in the world. Mainstream media around the world have reported on these two major sporting events. Analysis of media language is an integral part of research into various contemporary aspects of social and cultural changes. Thus, analysis of media representation of important sporting events offers a valuable insight into linguistic and discoursal aspects of media power and the complex relationship between language and society. The aim of this study is to analyse media representation of the UEFA Euro 2024 and the Paris Olympic Games 2024 in The Times and The New York Times. The corpus is composed of headlines related to the UEFA Euro 2024 (published from 15 June to 16 July 2024) and headlines related to the Paris Olympics (published from 11 July to 12 August 2024). Headlines are analysed by using the theoretical and methodological framework of CDA, which is employed for describing, interpreting and explaining different aspects of discursive practices in newspaper discourse. The focus is on establishing correlations between particular examples of media language and societal, institutional and cultural contexts.
Penerapan Terapi Masase Kaki Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Nyeri Lansia Dengan Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Putri Indah Leviana , Samiasih Amin
Published: January 2025

Lanjut usia atau lansia merupakan tahap akhir dari proses kehidupan yang disertai dengan berkurangnya kapasitas tubuh untuk bereaksi terhadap tekanan lingkungan. Rheumatoid arthritis atau lebih dikenal dengan rematik merupakan salah satu masalah yang diakibatkan oleh penuaan. Terapi masase kaki dapat menjadi salah satu pilihan untuk mengatasi nyeri rheumatoid arthritis karena di daerah kaki banyak terdapat saraf-saraf yang terhubung ke organ dalam. Tujuan terapi masase kaki untuk mengurangi tingkat nyeri pada lansia dengan rheumatoid arthritis. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan proses asuhan keperawatan. Proses asuhan keperawatan dilakukan dalam pengelolaan klien nyeri sendi, meliputi pengkajian, diagnosa keperawatan, intervensi keperawatan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan tekhnik purposive sampling di wilayah Desa Donorejo, Kabupaten Demak. Subyek studi kasus ini sejumlah 6 orang. Subyek studi kasus dikelola selama 3 hari dengan frekuensi pemberian terapi sebanyak 1 kali sehari selama 20 menit. Penerapan ini menggunakan instrument skala nyeri yaitu Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) dan pengukuran dilakukan pre-post terapi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa ada perubahan skala nyeri sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan terapi masase kaki pada 3 subyek studi kasus kelompok intervensi. Simpulan terapi masase kaki dapat menurunkan skala nyeri sendi pada penderita rheumatoid arthritis.
AXIOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD
Authors: CATALANO Horaţiu , RUS Ana , DOHOTARU Andreea-Ionela , ANI-RUS Anca , MESTIC Gabriela
Published: January 2025

Education is the fundamental element that contributes to transmitting values from a very early age. Education based on the promotion of values at an early age is essential because this is when the most significant changes in a child’s life occur, especially regarding character formation and socioemotional development.
Axiological education involves the transmission of ethical principles through daily activities, interactions with others and the organisation of the educational environment. Early childhood practitioners can adjust children’s values and behaviours in a desired direction based on their principles and values. Both parents and teachers have a significant role in transmitting the values and shaping children’s sociomoral skills and developing them. It is well-known that axiological guidance begins in family, from the child’s earliest years, and continues in school and social environments into which the child will be integrated.
The axiological approach facilitates children’s understanding and appreciation of concepts such as respect, truth, responsibility, kindness and empathy, providing the foundation for long-term harmonious development and well-balanced interpersonal relationships. Through active involvement in various axiologically oriented games and activities, children will be able to differentiate truth from lies, right from wrong, beautiful from ugly, acquiring sociomoral norms, principles and behaviours. The values nurtured in childhood will shape the character and provide the basis for later adult personality.
This study highlights the importance of addressing core values at an early age and provides examples of good practices in implementing axiological education in kindergarten.
THE RECEPTION OF RUDOLF STEINER, CÉLESTIN FREINET AND HELEN PARKHURST IN INTERWAR ROMANIA
Authors: COROBAN Costel , DOROŞ (BURADA) Anamaria
Published: January 2025

The article presents a theoretical and comparative approach based on primary sources, including press articles and educational publications of the time, as well as secondary sources such as pedagogical works and compendiums. The research method encompasses a historical study, that involves analysing, contrasting and comparing sources. The research premise is that although the Romanian cultural environment was peripheral during the interwar period, there was nevertheless good readiness for pedagogical innovations from Europe and America. We chose to test this hypothesis through the pedagogical contributions of Steiner, Freinet, and Helen Parkhurst. Due to the increased influence and popularity of Maria Montessori, reflected in the large number of appearances in specialized publications and in the Romanian interwar press, she was not included in this study. Future studies will address the impact of Montessori in interwar Romania. The study shows that there was a desire in the interwar specialized publications to evolve beyond the rigidity and formality of traditional Herbartian approaches. The discussions included not only laudatory, but also critical and pragmatic assessments of Pestalozzi, Rein, Dewey, Piaget, Parkhurst, Montessori, and Freinet. The research premise is partially confirmed because, among the three modern educational alternatives specified in the title, Rudolf Steiner’s contributions were the least mentioned and appreciated in the Romanian literature during the interwar period. Steiner was more commonly known for his “anthroposophy” concerns rather than his pedagogical views. Upon Steiner’s death, Lucian Blaga wrote a laudatory article that briefly mentioned the Austrian educator’s educational views.
EMIL STAN, THE DIGITAL NATIVES’ SCHOOLING. Lambert Academic Publishing, 2022, 168 pages, ISBN 978-620-5-51694-2
Authors: SUDITU Mihaela , SAFTA Cristina Georgiana
Published: January 2025

Book review
On undecidability degree of theory of figures in linear spaces
Authors: Dudakov S. M.
Published: January 2025

We study the additive theory of arbitrary figures in linear spaces, that is, the theory of addition extended to sets of vectors. Our main result is the following: if a linear space is infinite, then the additive theory of figures allows to interpret second-order arithmetic and, therefore, has this or higher degree of undecidability. For countably infinite spaces, we prove the opposite result, the theory of figures can be interpreted in second-order arithmetic. Therefore, these theories are algorithmically equivalent. For uncountable spaces, the last question remains open. We show that for spaces of different cardinalities, the additive theories of figures can be elementary non-equivalent.
Separable numberings of universal algebras
Authors: Kasymov N. Kh.
Published: January 2025

The review outlines the foundations of the theory of separable numberings of universal algebras.
The second life of railway bridges
Authors: Biliszczuk Jan , Teichgraeber Marco
Published: January 2025

In the 20th century, many railway lines in Poland were closed, destroyed, or liquidated. However, many bridge structures remain, which have undergone partial transformations and changed their functions. Some are viewpoints, and some are footbridges on trails created in the places of former railway lines. Many of them are still waiting for a second life.
Construction Techniques for the Construction and Erection of the Bataan-Cavite Interlink Bridge (BCIB) Project in The Philippines
Authors: Nader Marwan , Duxbury James , Choi Carol , Sanjines Alex
Published: January 2025

Infrastructure Mega projects have become a norm across the world. With billions of dollars of investment, Owners are always looking for ways to maximize the design lifetime of their structures.

Long-span bridges are often a major component of these Infrastructure Mega projects. This Technical Paper discusses the construction techniques that are envisioned for the construction and erection of the 32- kilometer Bataan-Cavite Interlink Bridge (BCIB) Project. Given the complexities of the Project, multiple techniques will be employed: steel fabrication, cast-in-place construction, pre-cast construction, deep marine foundations (caissons, cast-in-steel-shell and cast-in-drilled hole piling, battered piling), heavy lifting, among other envisioned techniques.

When built, this mega BCIB Project, regarded as a priority project of the Philippines Government, will put the Philippines in the world’s infrastructure map and will be hailed as one of the biggest structures worldwide.
Seismic assessment of existing bridges: shortcomings vs hidden reserves
Authors: Vlašić A. , Srbić M. , Skokandić D.
Published: January 2025

In this paper several case studies assessing the seismic performance of existing bridges in Croatia, either during the regular operation or immediately after the earthquake, will be overviewed to contemplate about their shortcomings versus hidden reserves. Seismic assessment during the regular operation will be analysed through four casestudy bridges. All bridges are located in the area of high seismic activity with ag=0.2g - 0.3g. On the other hand, post-earthquake-rapid-damage- assessment of eight bridges in Glina County performed immediately after the devastating ML=6.2earthquake, in 2020, will be overviewed. Based on all above-mentioned case-studies, including additional experience of the Chair for bridges in the last two decades of research and professional work, the shortcomings and hidden reserves of existing bridges will be compared revealing the lessons learned for the design and rehabilitation of bridges in seismic prone areas.
Surrogate Modelling of Bridge Deterioration Using Machine Learning and Defect Data
Authors: Zhang Chenhong , Xia Ye , Matos José , Sun Limin
Published: January 2025

Bridge maintenance relies heavily on group-level bridge deterioration models. However, current models that use inspection ratings struggle with data reliability and the subjective nature of inspector evaluations. This study proposes a new surrogate deterioration model for groups of bridges that utilizes data from visual inspections and leverages automated machine learning. The model measures bridge component deterioration using indicators obtained from these inspections, incorporating traffic flow, structural configurations, and defect data. A two-layer surrogate model is then developed using automated machine learning techniques. Validated using data from multiple bridges in China, this surrogate model demonstrates high predictive accuracy with little need for adjustment, effectively forecasting deterioration at both the individual and group levels across different maintenance approaches.
Widening and Replacement Project of the Deck Cross-Section and Cables of the Centenario Bridge in Seville (Spain)
Authors: Romo José , Matute Luis , Alonso Oscar , Torrico Javier , Bordo Enrique , Sánchez Julio , Pulido Ignacio , Cabo Javier de , Alzañiz Davis
Published: January 2025

The “Centenario” bridge is a critical infrastructure for mobility in Seville (Spain). The project addresses the replacement of the 88 stay cables of the bridge, which after 30 years of operation show signs of deterioration, for new stay cables with the most modern technology. The new stay cables are installed outside the current section, by means of the lateral widening of the pylons and the incorporation of a steel structure under the current deck to transfer the loads to the new cables. The steel structure consists of a series of transverse steel ribs under the current deck at the stays anchor sections. The longitudinal concrete box girders of the existing deck rest on these ribs, and then to the new stays anchored at both ends of these ribs. A lattice transfers the horizontal component of the forces of the stays from the metal ribs where the new cables are anchored to the old concrete deck. Additionally, this configuration allows an extra traffic lane.
Extension of the road bridge platform of the XIX Century
Authors: Collazos-Arias Felipe
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to develop, the history, as well as the latest actions carried out on the N-621 road, as it passes through the Hermida Gorge, in Spain, and specifically in four bridges dating back to the 19th century, to provide to these of traffic conditions within acceptable margins of road safety, and at the same time defining an action compatible with the existing environmental wealth in the whole area, substantially improving the current conditions, and with a cost widely offset by the functionality.
Recommended Design Criteria and Implementation Strategies for Seismic Isolation
Authors: Aviram Ady , Trifunovic Marija , Zayas Victor , Mokha Anoop , Low Stanley
Published: January 2025

Based on proven successful performance of select seismically isolated building and infrastructure projects under moderate to severe earthquakes around the world, the present paper provides a series of recommended design criteria and special considerations targeting the Continued Functionality of seismically isolated structures. The recommendations offered by the authors for building structures include inter-story drift limits, floor spectral acceleration limits, spectral response modification factors, and other key design parameters for the protected structure, targeting enhanced structural reliability and reduced collapse probability. Other special considerations involving limitations and applicability of different isolation systems, seismic deficiencies related to inadequate material selection for the isolation hardware, and comprehensive manufacturer and isolator qualification and quality control requirements, are also presented herein.
Beyond BIM: Digital Twins for 3D Digital Project Deliverables
Authors: Mabrich Alexander , Boyaci Burak
Published: January 2025

As the infrastructure industry is consolidating on the use of 3D models and applying the BIM methodology, the challenge is to build a comprehensive model of the entire project and not just its individual parts: roadways, bridges, drainage, geotechnical and vertical structures. These different disciplines use specific software solutions and file formats to accomplish the tasks at hand. However, to combine them into a single model for design reviews, construction, operation, and maintenance is not an easy endeavor.

The purpose of this paper is to show how a digital twin can be generated using different file formats created by different applications, while retaining the intelligence of the 3D model. Then, this digital twin or iTwin can be used in a collaborative environment for design reviews, conflict detection, construction planning, operations, and asset management.
Creating an openly accessible database for bridges and engineering models and their digital twins – the bridge over the Rhine by Fritz Leonhardt as a case study
Authors: Wenzel Baris , Möller Eberhard , Schmid Benjamin , Weber Christiane
Published: January 2025

For a research project, founded by the German Research Foundation (DFG), an interdisciplinary team of civil engineers, construction historians, restorers, and architects has set itself the goal of documenting and preserving the last witnesses of the method of model analysis, where physical measurement models were used as a tool to examine the structural behaviour of load-bearing constructions in the era of high modernity. This contribution gives an insight into how digital twins are created, as well as how the data and information on these last witnesses were collected, stored, and processed using as an example the bridge near Emmerich designed by Fritz Leonhardt (1909-1999) and tested at the material testing institute (MPA) Stuttgart. To maximize the benefit of the collected data, it will be made publicly accessible in a database. This contribution will provide insight into the creation of the database, the diversity of the data and file formats.
Fundamental Study on Control of Yield Position of RC Piers
Authors: Kobayashi Hisako , Kiku Hiroyoshi , Sawada Ryo
Published: January 2025

Many of the older RC piers in Japan have stepped sections (referred to as cut-off sections) with a reduced amount of longitudinal reinforcement in response to the cross-sectional force. Figure 1 shows a RC pier with a cut-off section stripped by an earthquake. In this study, the relationship between the seismic yielding coefficient and equivalent natural period for each soil type was investigated based on horizontal cyclic loading tests on specimens simulating piers with cut-off sections. Dynamic response analyses were conducted for the two yielding types obtained from the cyclic loading tests, and the non-linear response spectrum were generated. The results showed that, for a given natural period, piers yielding at a cut-off section may change to piers not yielding at a cut-off section, depending on the ground conditions. This suggests that for a given natural period, it is possible to control damage at the pier bases through ground improvement.
The Tretten Timber Bridge collapse, forensic engineering
Authors: Jakobsen Svein Erik , Eggen Trond Even , Malo Kjell , Bjertnæs Magne
Published: January 2025

Timber Bridges has the prospects of being environmentally friendly and well adapted to future sustainability requirements. Norway has been a pioneer market for major timber bridges and has as per now around 250 timber bridges of this kind. This market experiences a major setback after Tretten Bridge collapsed in 2022. Tretten Bridge was a major timber truss bridge, and the paper will describe the comprehensive forensic engineering work performed in order to find and document the reason for this severe collapse. This work comprised advanced structural analyses and material tests, as well as evaluation of background material, collapsed specimens and witness observations. Many scenarios were investigated until the final reason for the collapse was revealed.
Defects of new and old facades – lessons learnt
Authors: Siebert Barbara , Siebert Geralt
Published: January 2025

For building projects planning procedures have been developed and successfully applied for many years. Starting from various planning phases such as preliminary design, final design, planning permission application and execution planning a final step is the review of the static calculation by a checking engineer in Germany. For lifetime of structures after completion, instruments for monitoring of the structures exist, e.g. VDI guideline 6200. It gives orientation values for periodic inspections intervals. The VDI guideline 6200 is also applicable to facades – including parts of the structure, which are difficult to access. With increasing requirements also facade constructions are becoming more and more complex in planning as well as execution. The question arises to what extent inspection processes have to be adapted for facades. Experience from expert reports shows extremely different quality in planning and execution. Facades are still underestimated by those involved, even though they often require comparatively enormous planning effort: examples include sophisticated Finite Element calculations or tests in laboratory, special approvals and way of construction closer to mechanical engineering than classic building workmanship.
Numerical and Experimental Study on the Static Performance of Composite T-shaped Piers with Steel Bent Cap and Concrete Column
Authors: Chong Shen , Qingtian Su , Chong Wu , Jinguo Li
Published: January 2025

In order to solve the problems of heavy self-weight and construction difficulties of the cap beam, a new kine of composite T-shaped pier with steel bent cap and concrete column is proposed in this paper, and its connection joint consists of flange and rebars. Finite element analysis and scaled model test are used to study the ultimate bearing capacity and failure mode of the pier. In the test, there was a significant vertical displacement at the end of the right cantilever beam, and local buckling caused by principle stress occurred at the top of webs between transversal partitions and ribs. However, there was no obvious damage to the concrete column and connection joint. According to the measurement program, the transversal strain of plates at the root of cantilever beam is the highest, little bigger than that of the section where local buckling occurs. However, due to the small stiffness of the webs between transversal partitions and ribs and the location below the support, large shear force makes local buckling easier to occur. Moreover, the safety factor of the composite T-shaped pier is approximately 2.8, which can provide reference for the design of similar structures.
Experimental Approach Toward Reliable Heat Transfer Coefficient on Building Envelopes
Authors: Pospíšil Stanislav , Trush Arsenii , Dejmal Karel , Kočí Jan , Navara Tomáš
Published: January 2025

This research delves into the empirical analysis of convective heat transfer coefficients (CHTCs) across various facade elements of buildings, utilizing a wind tunnel framework. The main aim is to analyse the effects of diverse facade configurations and materials on heat transfer amidst differing wind scenarios. Within the confines of a regulated wind tunnel setting, scale replicas of the facade elements were examined, focusing on material surface variations. Factors such as wind velocity, surface temperatures, and ambient conditions were regulated and observed to guarantee consistent and reliable outcomes. Techniques like infrared thermography alongside surface- mounted thermocouples were harnessed to record surface temperatures, facilitating the estimation of local CHTCs on assorted facade segments. The findings underscore considerable fluctuations in CHTCs and the influence of surface texture on heat transfer processes.
New hybrid monitoring method using moving vehicle for investigation of bridge dynamic parameters
Authors: Pospíšil Stanislav , Urushadze Shota , Yong-Dar  , Kawulok Marek
Published: January 2025

The contribution is based on the previous work using the interaction between a moving vehicle and a bridge to indirectly determine bridge frequencies and other properties. The described research introduces an indirect technique for measuring the frequency of a simply supported beam by employing a test vehicle. This method involves on-site measurements, capturing the bridge's vibrations as the vehicle traverses it. The bridge's frequencies are then deduced from the dynamic response of the vehicle. Our experimental setup involves a test vehicle traveling over a bridge to assess the structure's frequency. For laboratory and field tests, we engineered the test vehicle as a single degree of freedom (SDF) system, allowing vertical oscillations. In the lab, the vehicle was maneuvered along the beam using a tension cable system, ensuring consistent contact with the beam. Our findings confirm the viability of this indirect method for frequency monitoring in bridge inspections.
Inspección y monitoreo de puentes con uso de realidad extendida: Revisión de literatura.
Authors: Gornall Cacciuttolo José Manuel , Mazuera Sandra Cano , Arancet Hernán Pinto , Valenzuela Saavedra Matías
Published: January 2025

Los procesos de inspección y monitoreo son realizados periódicamente para garantizar la seguridad estructural de los puentes, tareas que se llevan a cabo de manera tradicional. Pero actualmente ya existen alternativas tecnológicas como la realidad mixta; conjunto de herramientas que permiten agilizar este proceso. En este estudio se explorará el potencial de la realidad mixta, a través de una revisión de literatura, identificando las funcionalidades más importantes de la tecnología, su aplicación a la inspección y monitoreo de puentes, como nueva forma para la visualización interactiva de datos. Por lo que, se seleccionaron 15 artículos de Scopus, donde se intenta responder dos preguntas de investigación relacionadas al uso de la tecnología de realidad mixta para inspección de estructura de puentes.
Análisis comparativo del proceso constructivo del puente atirantado Pumarejo en Colombia vs el puente atirantado asimétrico de Treng-Treng y Kay-Kay en Chile
Authors: González Sandoval Mary Y. , Valenzuela Saavedra Matias A.
Published: January 2025

En Colombia, los puentes representan una pieza clave dentro de la infraestructura vial, así mismo en Chile, ha habido un aumento en la densidad demográfica, con un crecimiento del tráfico diario, generando un aumento de infraestructura pública para el reemplazo de puentes existentes y el desarrollo de puentes nuevos. Como resultado de lo mencionado anteriormente, en Colombia se construyó en 2019 el Puente Pumarejo, como el Puente atirantado más ancho de Latinoamérica, seguidamente en el año 2021 en Chile, se hizo el Puente Treng-Treng y Kay-Kay como el primer puente atirantado asimétrico del país.

De esta manera, el objetivo del presente trabajo es comparar las experiencias en puentes soportados por cables en cuanto a su uso, estética y tecnología, destacando que tanto el Puente Pumarejo como el Puente Treng-Treng y Kay-Kay manejan altas tecnologías, similares en el uso de sistemas de preesfuerzo y cables, logrando un excelente proceso constructivo y generando un gran desarrollo para sus regiones.
Post-earthquake observations of bridge damage
Authors: Lantsoght Eva , Mahamid Mustafa , Sanchez Telmo Andres , Valenzuela Matias
Published: January 2025

In various parts of the world, seismic events happen regularly. While engineers have gained an understanding on the behaviour of bridges under seismic loading, this knowledge is still under development as more methods and devices for building seismically-resistant bridges become available. This paper reports on the observed damages from recent events, with a focus on recent earthquakes in Ecuador, Chile, and Turkey. To report the damage that has occurred, this paper presents descriptions of a number of cases of observed damage to bridges after earthquakes. The various types and locations of damage are then analyzed to develop broad categories of problems that can be identified from these cases. This insight then leads to a summary of lessons learned from the presented case studies. The information provided in this work can be used for the assessment of existing bridges and the improvement of the design of new bridges.
Análisis forense de fallas históricas de los puentes Bailey sobre el río Balsa-Santa Clara y el río Cataratas en Costa Rica
Authors: Vargas-Alas Luis Guillermo , Liu-Kuan Yi Chen , Corrales-Guillén Alejandro
Published: January 2025

Se analizó el colapso de dos puentes modulares tipo Bailey en Costa Rica, sobre el río Balsa -Santa Clara, en 2018, y sobre el río Cataratas, en 2015. Ambos puentes tenían las mismas características principales y fueron colocados de forma temporal, pero se mantuvieron en el sitio hasta el día del colapso. El análisis demostró que el puente sobre el río Cataratas falló porque se superó la resistencia en compresión de la cuerda superior a una carga 2,3 veces mayor que la del río Balsa. El puente sobre el río Balsa falló por pérdida de estabilidad estructural debido a ausencia o falla, previo al colapso, de la conexión entre al menos una viga transversal con la cercha, lo cual redujo la capacidad en compresión de la cuerda superior de la cercha. Este aspecto muestra la relevancia de la supervisión de la construcción de este tipo de puentes y la necesidad de inspecciones periódicas para detectar y corregir deficiencias que impacten en la estabilidad estructural de los puentes.

This work analyses the collapse of two Bailey-type modular bridges in Costa Rica, one the Balsa- Santa Clara River bridge in 2018, and the other the Cataratas River bridge in 2015. Both bridges had the same main characteristics and were installed as temporary structures but remained in place until the day of the collapse. The analysis demonstrated that the Cataratas River bridge failed because the compression strength of the top chord was exceeded by a load 2.3 times greater than that of the Balsa River bridge. The Balsa River bridge failed due to a loss of structural stability caused by the absence or failure, prior to collapse, of the connection between at least one transverse beam
Análisis del comportamiento sísmico de la Catedral de Puntarenas
Authors: Glenn Andrés Madrigal
Published: January 2025

Este estudio se enfoca en el análisis del comportamiento sísmico de la Catedral de Puntarenas, declarada Patrimonio Histórico – Arquitectónico y construida décadas antes del primer Código Sísmico de Costa Rica (CSCR). Su seguridad da origen a una problemática debido a que está ubicada en una zona de alta sismicidad, pero dada su antigüedad, esta no fue diseñada para soportar eventos sísmicos. La investigación se dividió en cuatro fases: recopilación de información, levantamiento y modelado estructural, análisis dinámico y análisis de resultados. Se encontró que los muros de la Catedral carecen de capacidad para resistir eventos sísmicos y presenta daños inadmisibles en las estructuras de madera del techo. Estos hallazgos son cruciales para su preservación y guiarán futuras intervenciones. Además, el estudio fomenta el uso de metodologías innovadoras a nivel nacional en el análisis de edificaciones antiguas, como la división por macroelementos.
A Case Study of Design & Construction Challenges in Ranchi Elevated Structure Project, India
Authors: Digambar J. Kadbhane , Avinash Y. Mahendrakar
Published: January 2025

The rapid growth of Ranchi, the capital city of Jharkhand, India reflects the state's development across employment, tourism, shopping, education, and healthcare sectors. However, this growth has strained the city's roads, unable to cope with increasing traffic. The obstacles are multifaceted. The proposed roads are crisscrossed with utility installations, raising the risk of interference with any proposed groundwork. Moreover, the ongoing flow of vehicular traffic impedes the movement of construction equipment. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the design concept and construction procedure for an elevated corridor, a project that the authors are currently involved with. The incorporation of innovative designs and contemporary construction techniques can greatly enhance the efficiency, sustainability, and overall quality of a project. These advancements often lead to quicker construction timelines, cost savings, and improved functionality.
Component Testing of Pressurized Sand Dampers to Assess the Effect of Design Parameters
Authors: Kalfas Konstantinos N. , Makris Nicos
Published: January 2025

This study presents results from cyclic testing on various configurations of a recently developed pressurized sand damper (PSD) in which a steel sphere is moving within a cylindrical tube filled with sand that is under pressure. The experimental campaign investigated the effects of the key design parameters of the damper, namely, the effect of the clearance between the moving sphere and the cylindrical tube and the effect of the overall length of the damper to its force output. Component testing at various geometric configurations, pressure levels, stroke amplitudes, and cycling frequencies show that the proposed pressurized sand damper exhibits stable hysteretic cyclic behaviour with increasing pinching at larger strokes. The recorded force–displacement loops when normalized to the strength of the pressurized sand damper confirm that the force output is nearly rate-independent.
Enhancing Bridge Structural Health Monitoring Through Acoustic Sensing: A Comprehensive Approach to Traffic Analysis and Incident Detection
Authors: Xia Ye , Bastola Gaurav , Shen Zhouhui , He Tiantao
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a pioneering approach to bridge structural health monitoring through the development of a unified microphone assembly. This system enhances the detection and localization of vehicles on bridges by utilizing generalized cross-correlation and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) analysis. A novel combination of audio features is processed using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Vision Transformers (ViT) to classify vehicle types while detecting critical incidents like crashes and skidding. The proposed integrated system processes the Acoustic Emissions into a comprehensive database that records each vehicle's timestamp, lane occupancy, movement direction, vehicle type, and detected incidents. The effectiveness of this system not only demonstrates its potential to improve bridge safety but also sets a new benchmark for applying acoustic technologies in structural health monitoring.
The causes of climate change, its effects on Human Health and Biodiversity, and Mitigation Measures
Authors: Muhammad Mohsin Muslim
Published: January 2025

Human activities, including burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial emissions, are the principle drivers of weather exchange, which has become one of the maximum pressing worldwide issues of the twenty first century. This take a look at article examines the numerous causes of weather trade, including greenhouse gasoline manufacturing, adjustments in land use, and pollution. Furthermore, it investigates the good sized impacts of weather trade on human fitness and biodiversity. Escalating international temperatures, heightened prevalence of excessive weather phenomena, and adjustments in ecosystems have ended in fitness results encompass warmth-related diseases, respiratory disorders, and the proliferation of vector-borne sicknesses. Ecosystem diversity is likewise below jeopardy, considering that species are experiencing habitat degradation, modified migratory patterns, and heightened vulnerability to extinction. This study examines crucial strategies to mitigate weather alternate, including the usage of renewable strength, reforestation efforts, carbon seize technology, and regulatory movements targeted at lowering emissions. Through an intensive exam of those factors, the research emphasises the pressing need for synchronised international efforts to alleviate the impacts of climate alternate and shield both human and ecological properly-being.
Changing Trends in the World of Literature during Covid 19
Authors: Nemika Nemika
Published: January 2025

The corona period is one of the most difficult times in the history of mankind. It was a time of uncertainty as we could not really predict the future of humanity. Before the corona pandemic, we believed that epidemics were a thing of the past as our medical science and technology had advanced to the extent that our doctors and scientists could handle any epidemic, but that belief had been shattered during this pandemic. In India a catastrophic situation has arisen due to overpopulation and ignorance. The doctor to population ratio in India is 1:1456 while the World Health Organization recommends a ratio of 1:1000. The current situation in India is caused by a number of factors. It was a time when human fears were at their peak, as we were forced to rely on technology because of the coronavirus pandemic. Somehow, this proved to be a huge loss in human connection. On the surface, technology seemed to be reducing the distance between people, allowing us to communicate with our loved ones even if they were far away from us. But on a deeper level, we realized that this technology forced us to live in a world of virtual reality and thus proved to be the reason for the emptiness of human connection, as we began to mistake real sacrifices for virtual ones.
AI and Fraud Detection in Non-Life Insurance: Techniques and Efficacy
Authors: Das Ritwik
Published: January 2025

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the non-life insurance industry has transformed the process of detecting fraud by providing sophisticated methods to identify fraudulent activity with enhanced accuracy and effectiveness. This research dissertation investigates the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based technologies, including machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), and predictive analytics, to identify and prevent fraudulent activities in non-life insurance sectors such as automobile, property, and health insurance. Through the examination of past data, artificial intelligence models have the capability to detect trends, irregularities, and warning signs that suggest fraudulent activities. This process allows insurers to reduce financial losses and improve operational effectiveness. This article assesses the effectiveness of various artificial intelligence (AI) approaches by comparing them to conventional ways of detecting fraud. It also addresses issues such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the need for regulatory frameworks. Evidence suggests that artificial intelligence greatly enhances the precision and speed of fraud detection, while decreasing the occurrence of false positives, therefore making a valuable contribution to a more safe and economically efficient insurance industry. Furthermore, our work suggests new avenues for AI advancement in fraud detection, underscoring the need of ongoing investment in AI infrastructure and cooperation across industries.
Development and Clinical Evaluation of Novel Metallo-Β-Lactamase Inhibitors
Authors: Tomar R. S. , Sharma Prashant Kumar
Published: January 2025

Resistant to carbapenems the very restricted treatment options for Enterobacteriaceae make them one of the most dreaded groups of infections. Three new blactamase inhibitors have been discovered to combat this danger and keep our present antimicrobial treatments going strong. Currently, clinical studies are showing promising results for the azole antibiotics the inhibitor medications avibactam, vaborbactam, and relebactam have a high affinity for Ambler class A and C blactamases. While these medicines have some fundamental commonalities, they also have some distinct distinctions that might have significant therapeutic ramifications. We take a look at the pharmacokinetics, microbiologic spectra, and important clinical studies for these new drugs. We take a look at a possible therapeutic function and some new possible combinations.
A basic analysis of accelerating and anthropotropic chemical models in several modified theories of gravitation
Authors: Priyadrashi Awesh , Singh Manish Kumar
Published: January 2025

Email: manishiitbhu87@gmail.com
Abstract - Anisotropic and spatially homogenous cosmological models are important tools for explaining the universe's large-scale characteristics. Bianchi space-times have a uniform spatial structure and are globally hyperbolic. On the one hand, the asymptotic behaviour of the most rigid Bianchi space-time (Bianchi I and II space time) is straightforward and well-defined. Nonetheless, the asymptotic behaviour of generic Bianchi space time (Bianchi VIll and IX space-time) is considered to remain chaotic and oscillatory at their initial singularity over an extended period of time.
Numerous hoovers Bianchi VIll and IX space-times display extraordinarily complicated aceillatory behaviour around their original singularity; even little changes to such a space-time's initial Cauchy data produce a significant shift in its asymptotic behaviour. Bianchi space-times are asymptotically silent, defying Misner's notion. Bianchi spaces l X are critical for modelling spatially homogeneous and anisotropic cosmologies. Dirac was the first to propose the idea of a variable gravitational constant G in the framework of relativity. Lau proposed changes to relate the G and A variants within the framework of general relativity. Because a variation in the A equations is technically followed by a variation in G, the significance of the change allows us to continue using Einstein's field without modification.