bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Centrosome Linker–induced Tetraploid Segregation Errors Link Rhabdoid Phenotypes and Lethal Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Remo Andrea , Manfrin Erminia , Parcesepe Pietro , Ferrarini Alberto , Han Hye Seung , Mickys Ugnius , Laudanna Carmelo , Simbolo Michele , Malanga Donatella , Oliveira Duarte Mendes , Baritono Elisabetta , Colangelo Tommaso , Sabatino Lina , Giuliani Jacopo , Molinari Enrico , Garonzi Marianna , Xumerle Luciano , Delledonne Massimo , Giordano Guido , Ghimenton Claudio , Lonardo Fortunato , D'angelo Fulvio , Grillo Federica , Mastracci Luca , Viglietto Giuseppe , Ceccarelli Michele , Colantuoni Vittorio , Scarpa Aldo , Pancione Massimo
Published: May 2018

Centrosome anomalies contribute to tumorigenesis, but it remains unclear how they are generated in lethal cancer phenotypes. Here, it is demonstrated that human microsatellite instable (MSI) and BRAFV600E-mutant colorectal cancers with a lethal rhabdoid phenotype are characterized by inactivation of centrosomal functions. A splice site mutation that causes an unbalanced dosage of rootletin (CROCC), a centrosome linker component required for centrosome cohesion and separation at the chromosome 1p36.13 locus, resulted in abnormally shaped centrosomes in rhabdoid cells from human colon tissues. Notably, deleterious deletions at 1p36.13 were recurrent in a subgroup of BRAFV600E-mutant and microsatellite stable (MSS) rhabdoid colorectal cancers, but not in classical colorectal cancer or pediatric rhabdoid tumors. Interfering with CROCC expression in near-diploid BRAFV600E-mutant/MSI colon cancer cells disrupts bipolar mitotic spindle architecture, promotes tetraploid segregation errors, resulting in a highly aggressive rhabdoid-like phenotype in vitro. Restoring near-wild-type levels of CROCC in a metastatic model harboring 1p36.13 deletion results in correction of centrosome segregation errors and cell death, revealing a mechanism of tolerance to mitotic errors and tetraploidization promoted by deleterious 1p36.13 loss. Accordingly, cancer cells lacking 1p36.13 display far greater sensitivity to centrosome spindle pole stabilizing agents in vitro. These data shed light on a previously unknown link between centrosome cohesion defects and lethal cancer phenotypes providing new insight into pathways underlying genome instability.

Implications: Mis-segregation of chromosomes is a prominent feature of chromosome instability and intratumoral heterogeneity recurrent in metastatic tumors for which the molecular basis is unknown. This study provides insight into the mechanism by which defects in rootletin, a centrosome linker component causes tetraploid segregation errors and phenotypic transition to a clinically devastating form of malignant rhabdoid tumor. Mol Cancer Res; 16(9); 1385–95. ©2018 AACR.
A economia brasileira e o mercado imobiliário: uma síntese das últimas décadas.
Authors: Louro e Silva Hugo , Malta Campos Candido
Published: May 2018

Como desdobramento da pesquisa realizada para obtenção do título de mestre por um dos autores, ambos os autores discorrem nesse artigo sobre os principais eventos econômicos e marcos regulatórios que ocorreram nas últimas décadas no Brasil e em São Paulo e o desenvolvimento do mercado imobiliário face a esses acontecimentos.A partir da criação do Banco Nacional da Habitação, na década de 1960, até o recente êxito produtivo do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida; considerando, nesse ínterim, eventos econômicos nacionais e políticas federais e municipais (na cidade de São Paulo), esses acontecimentos são sintetizados em ordem cronológica, com o intuito de ressaltar a importância da economia sobre a produção urbana residencial, particularmente a realizada pela iniciativa privada.
As coleções de Aldo Rossi e John Hejduk
Authors: Bronstein Laís
Published: May 2018

Em uma análise do repertório de propostas e projetos de arquitetura que povoaram debates nos anos 1960 e 1970 no cenário internacional, torna-se patente a recorrência dos autores na criação de sistemas, a partir de um repertório formal definido e limitado. Dentre os arquitetos que se inserem nesse momento, destacam-se Aldo Rossi e John Hejduk, cujos mecanismos de trabalho revelam a existência de um universo formal próprio e restrito de figuras e elementos que reaparecem a cada novo desenho. O contato mais estreito dos dois arquitetos acontece em meados da década de 1970, quando Rossi passa uma temporada nos EUA e leciona na Cooper Union de Nova York, então dirigida por Hejduk. Rossi utiliza as formas geométricas puras e o recurso da analogia em seus croquis e desenhos. Hejduk também utiliza as formas geométricas puras na construção de suas inusitadas “estruturas”, que reaparecem a cada projeto. A ideia de coleção, como construção de um sistema, é a chave interpretativa que permite a aproximação dos dois autores, cujos mundos formais aparentam ser, à primeira vista, tão distintos.
A relação entre conforto perceptivo e a caracterização do espaço com ênfase em ambientes internos
Authors: Penteado Ana Paula Bonini , Iarozinski Neto Alfredo , Penteado Ana Carolina Bonini
Published: May 2018

O presente estudo tem por objetivo evidenciar como as variações das características dos espaços internos associados à visão influenciam o conforto perceptivo do indivíduo. Ao perceber um ambiente, cada indivíduo o faz de maneira distinta, sendo assim, foi possível avaliar como as características do ambiente podem influenciar os usuários em relação à percepção do espaço. Para essa avaliação, foi elaborado um experimento que buscou associar diferentes características do ambiente construído aos afetos positivos e negativos da escala PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule). O experimento consistiu em expor imagens aos respondentes que, ao observarem as características de projeto apresentadas nas imagens, associavam sua percepção do ambiente aos sentimentos relacionados. Os resultados indicaram que as variações nas características do ambiente têm forte influência na percepção dos indivíduos. As características que trouxeram maior conforto e sentimentos relacionados aos afetos positivos foram a maior incidência de iluminação natural, a utilização de pé-direito alto e o uso de cor “fria”. Já as características antagônicas a estas, apresentaram um efeito sobre os sentimentos de afetos negativos de uma maneira quase que inversamente proporcional.
Planeación urbana y hábitat III: indicios de una reforma necessário para México
Authors: Gutierrez Chaparro Juan Jose
Published: May 2018

En diversas ciudades del mundo se promueven iniciativas para implementar la Nueva Agenda Urbana a cerca de un año de haber sido adoptada en Hábitat III bajo el común denominador de la urbanización acelerada y la pretensión del desarrollo sostenible que por supuesto México comparte a pesar de que nuestras ciudades continúan creciendo por encima de cualquier estrategia de previsión. Los Planes de Desarrollo Urbano en nuestro país siguen los mismos preceptos que sus antecesores cuyas bases corresponden al estilo Moderno de los años setenta promovido por Hábitat I y tal vez uno de los casos más reveladores sea el estado de México, localizado en el centro del país. Así planteado, el Objetivo de este trabajo es discutir las debilidades de la Planeación Urbana en el estado de México y aportar evidencias de una reforma necesaria para asumir los compromisos de la Nueva Agenda Urbana. Nuestro caso de estudio es la ciudad de Toluca, núcleo de la 5ª zona metropolitana de México y se analiza el periodo que comienza con el primer Plan de Desarrollo Urbano en 1985 hasta el vigente de 2014.
Os decretos de Habitação de Interesse Social e a flexibilização de parâmetros de uso e ocupação do solo na cidade de São Paulo no período de 1992 a 2016
Authors: Teixeira Catharina Christina
Published: May 2018

A criação de uma legislação para empreendimentos de Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS) em São Paulo surgiu da necessidade de promover uma base legislativa para a política habitacional do município, a partir de 1992. São três os principais decretos do período entre 1992 e 2016: o decreto 31.601/1992, o 44.667/2004 e o 56.759/2016, que aconteceram em paralelo às discussões dos Planos Diretores Municipais, sendo os dois últimos sob a influência do Estatuto das Cidades. As duas primeiras versões mostraram significativos avanços no tocante à morfologia dos agrupamentos habitacionais, apostando na supressão dos conjuntos com grande extensão territorial em favor de habitação nas áreas centrais e na possibilidade de reurbanização dos assentamentos precários. No entanto, a cada atualização, lograram uma maior flexibilização em favor do setor privado, sob o discurso do déficit habitacional e da necessidade de provisão de unidades novas, em detrimento às ações voltadas à reurbanização e à regularização fundiária, o que modificou a intenção inicial do instrumento e os desígnios das políticas habitacionais do município.
Narrativas com imagens. Cinema, literatura e fotografia
Authors: Caminada Rossetti Lucía , Vitorino Rodrigo Ribeiro
Published: May 2018

Como ler a imagem visual junto ao texto verbal como estudos experimentais sobre a cultura? Que narrativas emergem dos interstícios da imagem e da palavra? Estas são as perguntas fundamentais de que partem este artigo que busca compreender o cruzamento entre imagem e literatura tomando como referência central a obra de Julio Cortázar e suas experimentações. Notamos que o estabelecimento desta forma particular de narrativa sugere uma hibridização não apenas de formas, mas também desafios teóricos e metodológicos alternativos para sua interpretação. Para isso, este artigo recorre à teoria fotográfica e cinematográfica como formas de investigação mais próximas da produção de imagens da cultura. Concluímos que o recurso à interdisciplinaridade fornece os melhores meios para o texto híbrido de imagem e escrita e à teoria literária é necessária a incorporação destes elementos teóricos que atravessam diferentes campos.
Association Between Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy and Particulate Matter in the Contiguous United States, 1999–2004
Authors: Xue Tao , Zhu Tong , Lin Weiwei , Talbott Evelyn O.
Published: May 2018

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy harm both maternal and infant health and have been linked to ambient particulate matter. However, existing studies are restricted to a local scale and remain inconsistent. A large-scale study is required to enrich the epidemiological evidence and explore the potential sources of the inconsistency. Making use of US birth certificates (1999–2004), and monitoring data from the environmental protection agency air quality networks, we associated hypertensive disorders in pregnancy with maternal exposure to fine particles or coarse particles using logistic regression analysis after adjusting for many covariates among >5 million subjects in the contiguous United States. Additional analyses were conducted to examine variations in the associations according to (1) census divisions; (2) individual-level factors; (3) a socioeconomic indicator, county-level poverty; and (4) the concentration of ambient particles. The results indicated that hypertensive disorders in pregnancy were robustly linked to maternal exposure to fine particles with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.10 (95% confidence intervals, 1.08–1.12) per 5 μg/m
3
increment in terms of the entire pregnancy mean. Stronger associations were found among white mothers. There were also considerable variations in the association by census division or poverty level among counties. Nonlinear analysis indicated a sublinear dose-response function with a threshold concentration of 9 μg/m
3
. Based on the national study, we calculated the population attributable fractions and found that 8.1% (6.8%–9.4%) of hypertensive disorder cases were attributable to an entire pregnancy exposure of fine particles. These findings can help policymakers to plan related interventions.
EvoluSon: Walking through an Interactive History of Music
Authors: Gaugne Ronan , Nouviale Florian , Rioual Octavia , Chirat Arnaud , Gohon Kevin , Goupil Vincent , Toutirais Martin , Bossis Bruno , Gouranton Valérie
Published: May 2018

The EvoluSon project proposes an immersive experience where the spectator explores an interactive visual and musical representation of the main periods of the history of Western music. The musical content is constituted of original musical compositions based on the theme of Bach’s Art of Fugue to illustrate the eight main musical eras from Antiquity to the contemporary epoch. The EvoluSon project contributes at the same time to the usage of VR for intangible culture representation and to interactive digital art that puts the user at the center of the experience. The EvoluSon project focuses on music through a presentation of the history of Western music, and uses virtual reality to valorize the different pieces through the ages. The user is immersed in a coherent visual and sound environment and can interact with both modalities. This project is the result of collaboration between a computer science research laboratory and a research laboratory on art and music. It was first presented to a public event on science and music organized by the computer science research laboratory.
Recommending Multimedia Information in a Virtual Han Chang’an City Roaming System
Authors: Feng Junmei , Feng Xiaoyi , Deng Liming , Peng Jinye
Published: May 2018

This article presents a roaming system of Han Chang’an City, with both virtual reality (VR) technology and information recommendation technology. Nowadays, some new research issues in the cultural heritage domain can be achieved with the rapid development of VR technology. The ancient site of Han Chang’an City, as one of the most valuable and significant cultural heritages in China, attracts more and more attention around the world. To let more people understand Han Chang’an City and reproduce its beauty, in this article, we propose a virtual roaming system combined with information recommendation technology. First, Unity3D is selected as the three-dimensional platform to design the scenario model of Han Chang’ an City, and the virtual scene is reconstructed with VR technology, according to real historical data; then, the dynamic information recommendation module is designed to recommend hot topic information and personalized information. The former is obtained through web crawlers, including the latest released news related to Han Chang’an City for users. The latter is generated by the proposed hybrid recommendation algorithm, which combines explicit and implicit feedback. The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated on two datasets. Finally, we show some results of our system test. Our proposed system is released online now, and users can wander in the scene any time.
Exploring the Influence of Haptic and Olfactory Cues of a Virtual Donut on Satiation and Eating Behavior
Authors: Li Benjamin J. , Bailenson Jeremy N.
Published: May 2018

Olfactory research in immersive virtual environments (IVEs) have often examined the addition of scent as part of the environment or atmosphere that act as experimental stimuli. There appears to be a lack of research on the influence of virtual foods in IVEs on human satiation. Studies based on situational cues or self-perception theory provide support for the hypothesis that touching and smelling a virtual food item may lead to increased consumption as a result of modeling expected behavior. On the other hand, studies grounded in embodied cognition suggest that satiation may take place as a result of mental simulation that resembles actual consumption behavior. In this preliminary study, we sought to explore the effects of haptic and olfactory cues through virtual food on human satiation and eating behavior. In our study, 101 participants took part in a 2 (touch: present vs absent) × 2 (scent: present vs absent) experiment where they interacted with a donut in an IVE. Findings showed that participants in the touch and scent present conditions ate significantly fewer donuts than those who were not exposed to these cues, and reported higher satiation as compared to their counterparts. However, findings were less clear with respect to participants who received both haptic and olfactory cues. As a whole, results provide preliminary support for satiation effects as a result of sensory simulation.
Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2015–2016
Authors: SÖDERSTRÖM LARS , HAGBORG ANDERS , VON KONRAT MATT
Published: May 2018

A widely accessible list of known plant species is a fundamental requirement for plant conservation and has vast uses. An index of published names of liverworts and hornworts between 2015 and 2016 is provided as part of a continued effort in working toward maintaining an updated world checklist of these groups. The list herein includes 64 higher taxon names, 225 specific names, 35 infraspecific names, two infrageneric autonyms and 21 infraspecific autonyms for 2015 and 2016, including also names of fossils and invalid and illegitimate names. Thirty-three older names omitted in the earlier indices are included.
A new species, a new synonym and lectotypification in Cuphea (Lythraceae) from Brazil
Authors: BRAUNER LAIANA DE MORAES , CAVALCANTI TACIANA BARBOSA
Published: May 2018

Cuphea harleyi, a new species from Chapada Diamantina, Bahia state, Brazil is described, illustrated, and commented on its ecological aspects. The new species inhabits rocky cerrado and campos rupestres, and is classified in Cuphea sect. Euandra subsec. Hilariella. The comparison of the new species with other species of the subsection has led to the synonymization and lectotypification of C. polymorphoides.
Lectotypification of three names in the genus Tripogon (Poaceae)
Authors: KOTTEKKATTU THOIBA , PRADEEP A.K.
Published: May 2018

Three names in Tripogon Roem. & Schult.: T. jacquemontii Stapf, T. lisboae Stapf and T. wightii Hook.f. are lectotypified here. Among seven specimens considered as original materials available at K, Jacquemont 320 (K000245018) perfectly agreeing with the protologue is selected as the lectotype of T. jacquemontii. Within the four various specimens cited in the protologue available at K, collection by Lisboa 03 (K barcode K0005013) with the drawings of floral parts with annotations by the author is selected as the lectotype of T. lisboae. Since only one specimen (Wight 1793 ?, K barcode K000245012) was cited in the protologue of T. wightii, it is designated as the lectotype of T. wightii.
Porella longifolia (Steph.) S.Hatt. and Porella densifolia var. robusta (Steph.) S.Hatt. (Porellaceae, Marchantiophyta) excluded from the liverwort flora of China
Authors: QIAN KAI , BI XING-FENG , SHU LEI , ZHU RUI-LIANG
Published: May 2018

Porella is a large genus with 86 currently accepted species. China is its center of diversity. Two narrowly distributed taxa, Porella densifolia var. robusta and P. longifolia are excluded from the liverwort flora of China because vouchered specimens are assignable to other species. The illustrations of Porella densifolia var. densifolia and P. acutifolia var. acutifolia based on Chinese plants are provided. Porella longifolia is thus far known only from Sumatra, Indonesia.
Observed Variations in Turbulent Mixing Efficiency in the Deep Ocean
Authors: Ijichi Takashi , Hibiya Toshiyuki
Published: May 2018

Recent progress in direct numerical simulations (DNSs) of stratified turbulent flows has led to increasing attention to the validity of the constancy of the dissipation flux coefficient Γ in the Osborn’s eddy diffusivity model. Motivated by lack of observational estimates of Γ, particularly under weakly stratified deep-ocean conditions, this study estimates Γ using deep microstructure profiles collected in various regions of the North Pacific and Southern Oceans. It is shown that Γ is not constant but varies significantly with the Ozmidov/Thorpe scale ratioROTin a fashion similar to that obtained by previous DNS studies. Efficient mixing events with Γ ~O(1) andROT~O(0.1) tend to be frequently observed in the deep ocean (i.e., weak stratification), while moderate mixing events with Γ ~O(0.1) andROT~O(1) tend to be observed in the upper ocean (i.e., strong stratification). The observed negative relationship between Γ andROTis consistent with a simple scalingthat can be derived from classical turbulence theories. In contrast, the observed results exhibit no definite relationships between Γ and the buoyancy Reynolds number Reb, although Rebhas long been thought to be another key parameter that controls Γ.
Foundations in Canada: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Elson Peter R. , Fontan Jean-Marc , Lefèvre Sylvain , Stauch James
Published: May 2018

From a Canadian perspective, this article provides a comparative historical and contemporary overview of foundations in Canada, in relation to the United States and Germany. For the purposes of this analysis, the study was limited to public or private foundations in Canada, as defined by the Income Tax Act. As the Canadian foundation milieu straddles the welfare partnership model that characterizes German civil society and the Anglo-Saxon model of the United States, Canadian foundations as a whole have much in common with the foundation sector in both countries. Similarities include the number of foundations per capita, a similar range in size and influence, a comparable diversity of foundation types, and an explosion in the number of foundations in recent decades (although the United States has a much longer history of large foundations making high-impact interventions). This analysis also highlights some key differences among larger foundations in the three jurisdictions: German foundations are generally more apt to have a change-orientation and are more vigorous in their disbursement of income and assets. U.S. foundations are more likely to play a welfare-replacement role in lieu of inaction by the state. Canadian foundations play a complementary role, particularly in the areas of education and research, health, and social services. At the same time, there is a segment of Canadian foundations that are fostering innovation, social and policy change, and are embarking on meaningful partnerships and acts of reconciliation with Indigenous Peoples in Canada.
Foundations in Germany: Social Welfare
Authors: Förster Sarah
Published: May 2018

The article presents the aims, approaches, and activities of German social welfare foundations and how they position themselves toward other actors in the field of social welfare provision. The field is characterized by competition and the opening up of the system to deal with the societal challenges of increased demand heterogeneity through migration and demographic changes. Differences in size and approach of the foundations are the main focus and reveal a different understanding and fit toward the challenges of changing demand between old and new subsidiarity. Besides the mutual identity of social foundations in aiming at relief, the large operating foundations more often identify with change, they act complementary and more often consider other actors as important for their work. The small foundations in the field have a charitable–substitutive self-conception.
Unemployment, Temporary Work, and Subjective Well-Being: The Gendered Effect of Spousal Labor Market Insecurity
Authors: Inanc Hande
Published: May 2018

The negative impact of unemployment on individuals and its spillover to spouses is widely documented. However, we have a gap in our knowledge when it comes to the similar consequences of temporary employment. This is problematic, because although temporary jobs are often considered better alternatives to unemployment for endowing individuals with income and opportunities to connect to employers, they are also associated with stressors such as high levels of job insecurity and poor quality work, the effects of which might spill over to spouses. Using matched data from the British Household Panel Study, I show that temporary work is at least as detrimental as unemployment for spouses’ subjective well-being, although there are differences. When experienced by husbands, temporary work, like unemployment, has a negative effect on wives’ psychological well-being and life satisfaction. Yet, as opposed to unemployment, wives’ temporary employment also spills over and negatively affects husbands’ psychological well-being. Furthermore, coupled individuals’ well-being is most affected when men are either unemployed or temporarily employed and their wives have permanent jobs, suggesting that the effect is related to gender deviation. The effects are robust after controlling for fixed individual characteristics that can influence both employment status and well-being outcomes.
Language Abilities, Phonological Awareness, Reading Skills, and Subjective Fatigue in School-Age Children With Mild to Moderate Hearing Loss
Authors: Camarata Stephen , Werfel Krystal , Davis Tonia , Hornsby Benjamin W.Y. , Bess Fred H.
Published: May 2018

Although reading outcomes for children with hearing loss are improving, too many of these children continue to display persistent reading difficulties. Because of these difficulties, there is an ongoing need to understand the nature of the relationships among decoding abilities, language skills, and reading achievement in this population more fully. Coincidentally, there has also been an emerging literature on the subjective fatigue in children with hearing loss, which could be directly or indirectly linked to reading ability. The purpose of this study was to examine associations among language abilities, reading skills, and subjective fatigue in 56 children with mild to moderate hearing loss (CMMHL). The results indicated that both phonological awareness and receptive language ability predicted reading achievement in CMMHL, which replicates findings for children without hearing loss. The results also indicated that CMMHL who had poor reading skills reported significantly higher levels of subjective fatigue relative to the other children with mild to moderate hearing loss in the sample.
Capital Accumulation, Asset Price Dynamics and the Macroeconomy
Authors: Basu Moumita , Nag Ranjanendra Narayan
Published: May 2018

This article develops a dependent economy model of determination of employment and asset prices that integrates the roles of relative prices, expectations and dynamics of capital accumulation. In this model, money wage is rigid which leads to persistence of unemployment. Labour and capital are used as factors of production in the traded sector while the non-traded sector uses labour and imported intermediate inputs. The article examines macroeconomic implications of selective economic reforms for asset price dynamics, growth and employment. The discussion of comparative static exercises shows that not only the effects of different policies are ambiguous but also the short-run and the long-run effects are qualitatively different. For example, tariff liberalization causes the short-run expansions of both traded and non-traded sectors but overtime it may depress the capital stock leading to contraction of both the sectors and an increase in unemployment. The broad message of this article is that the design of macroeconomic policy should not be purely based on considerations of the short-run effects of policy changes.

JEL: E22, F13, F41
A Comparison of Domestic Demand and Export-led Growth Strategies for European Transition Economies
Authors: Sağlam Yağmur , Egeli Hüseyin Avni
Published: May 2018

The relationship between growth and trade has been argued many times in the literature. The topic is still current, dealing with different methodologies and countries by researchers. In this frame to understand the relationship theoretically and empirically better, the topic is examined again with a different approach which is explaining export-led growth (ELG) and domestic-demand-led growth (DLG) strategies comparatively for European transition economies. The annual data for the period between 1990 and 2015 were taken from Data Stream for 16 European (Central and Eastern Europe, Southeastern Europe and Balkans) transition economies and because data include both cross section and time dimension, it is necessary to apply dynamic panel data techniques. Second-generation unit root test (multifactor), Westerlund ECM panel co-integration test and heterogeneous panel causality test are applied, and long-term coefficients are estimated with common correlated effects (CCE) model. According to test results, not only ELG but also DLG strategy is accepted for European transition economies, and the direction of the relationship between growth and trade is bilateral. But the contribution of domestic demand on growth is seven times bigger than net export. The leading countries for ELG strategy are Romania, Bosnia and Herzegovina but for Poland and Czech Republic DLG strategy contributes more on economic growth. It is a better macroeconomic policy to have the balance between export-led and domestic-demand-led growth strategies for a sustainable economic growth. The key approach of high growth rate is to produce high technology with competitive price according to domestic demand and export it to the foreigner markets.

JEL Codes: F14, C01, C33
Job stressors and interpersonal conflict resolution strategies of social workers in Serbia: Comparison with other public institutions
Authors: Vrgović Petar
Published: May 2018

This research compares job stressors’ frequency and interpersonal conflict resolution strategies between social workers and employees from other local institutions in Novi Sad, Serbia. The occurrence of individual stressors was found to be more frequent for social workers than employees from other institutions. Social workers experience significantly higher levels of job pressure, lack of support, and general job stress than the others. It was also found that social workers tend to use integrating and compromising conflict resolution strategies more frequently than employees from other local institutions, showing a good level of care for the self, as well as maintaining a balance between the two sides involved in the interpersonal conflict.
On Detecting Systematic Measurement Error in Cross-Cultural Research: A Review and Critical Reflection on Equivalence and Invariance Tests
Authors: Boer Diana , Hanke Katja , He Jia
Published: May 2018

One major threat to revealing cultural influences on psychological states or processes is the presence of bias (i.e., systematic measurement error). When quantitative measures are not targeting the same construct or they differ in metric across cultures, the validity of inferences about cultural variability (and universality) is in doubt. The objectives of this article are to review what can be done about it and what is being done about it. To date, a multitude of useful techniques and methods to reduce or assess bias in cross-cultural research have been developed. We explore the limits of invariance/equivalence testing and suggest more flexible means of dealing with bias. First, we review currently available established and novel methods that reveal bias in cross-cultural research. Second, we analyze current practices in a systematic content analysis. The content analysis of more than 500 culture-comparative quantitative studies (published from 2008 to 2015 in three outlets in cross-cultural, social, and developmental psychology) aims to gauge current practices and approaches in the assessment of measurement equivalence/invariance. Surprisingly, the analysis revealed a rather low penetration of invariance testing in cross-cultural research. Although a multitude of classical and novel approaches for invariance testing is available, these are employed infrequent rather than habitual. We discuss reasons for this hesitation, and we derive suggestions for creatively assessing and handling biases across different research paradigms and designs.
Admired Rich or Resented Rich? How Two Cultures Vary in Envy
Authors: Wu Sherry Jueyu , Bai Xuechunzi , Fiske Susan T.
Published: May 2018

Rich people inhabit a distinct social category that may elicit universal images or perhaps different perceptions in different cultures. Whereas inequality research has mostly focused on lower socioeconomic classes, the current research investigates cultural variations of prejudices about rich groups, toward understanding societal dynamics. Three studies investigate stereotype content and evaluations of rich people in China and the United States, cultures that might be expected to differ. Consistent with U.S. data from the stereotype content model, Study 1 demonstrates mainland Chinese likewise view the rich in general ambivalently as competent but cold. Examining a more specific level, Study 2 identifies both distinctive and overlapping rich subgroups across the two cultures, but both reporting mixed stereotype content. Study 3 tests whether clearer cultural contrasts might occur in implicit (vs. explicit) stereotypes toward rich people: Both U.S. and Chinese respondents, however, expressed positive implicit stereotypes toward the rich compared with middle class, in contrast with their self-reported explicitly ambivalent (or, rarely, negative) wealth stereotypes. This research is the first to examine stereotype content about rich people on the subgroup level, and both implicit and explicit levels, offering theory-based social structure predictors of this culturally shared but somewhat variable stereotype content.
Ethnic Differences in the Influence of Peers on Weight-Related Behavior
Authors: Ajilore Olugbenga , Asiseh Fafanyo
Published: May 2018

There is no doubt that peers have an influence on individual weight gain. This article seeks to find if the influence of peers is consistent across ethnic groups or whether certain groups are influenced more by their peers than other groups. Studies in the peer effects literature primarily focus on identifying the direct impact of peers on individual behavior. The difficulty in isolating the direct behavioral effect of peers on individual’s behavior is that there are several mechanisms driving the correlation between individual’s outcomes and peer group outcomes. We model peer effects using an identification strategy that exploits network structure and incorporates group-specific fixed effects to control for confounding effects. Using data taken from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), we find that peer effects exist across all genders and ethnic groups, but it is more prevalent for Hispanic youth with respect to sedentary activities. The findings also show that having male peers is associated with lower exercise for both young males and young females. The implications of this study are that reducing obesity through encouraging healthy behaviors should not only focus on individual factors but also on the role of peers as well as gender and ethnic differences in the design of such programs.
France and the responsibility to protect: a tale of two norms
Authors: Staunton Eglantine
Published: May 2018

Although France has been a key actor of human protection since the 1980s, the existing literature often adopts an Anglo-Saxon focus or concentrates on states which have been reluctant to see international norms of human protection develop. As a consequence, it overlooks France’s central role in the development of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), which can be seen as the leading norm of human protection today. In turn, the growing influence R2P has had on France’s conception and practice of human protection – and on its foreign policy more generally – remains unexplored. This article is the first of its kind to correct these oversights by examining France’s relationship to R2P from its emergence till date. It argues that to do so, we need to analyse the evolving relationship of two interconnected – yet distinct – norms: France’s domestic norm of human protection on the one hand, and the international norm of R2P on the other. It builds on the constructivist literature to offer a theoretical framework that allows the study of this tale of two norms and draws upon elite interviews of key actors such as Gareth Evans and Bernard Kouchner to provide a unique understanding of France’s relationship to R2P. Through this tale of two norms, the article reshapes our understanding of both R2P and France’s past and current foreign policy. In addition, it contributes to the literature on norm diffusion, in particular by deepening our understanding of how domestic and international norms interplay.
Internal social capital and international firm performance in emerging market family firms: The mediating role of participative governance
Authors: Tasavori Misagh , Zaefarian Reza , Eng Teck-Yong
Published: May 2018

Family firms benefit from internal social capital, which refers to resources related to structural, relational and cognitive aspects of family relationships. However, it is not clear if and how possession of internal social capital can enhance the international performance of emerging economy family firms. Based on the data collected from 192 small- and medium-sized family firms from Turkey, we show that family firms can improve their international firm performance by utilising the internal social capital of family relationships. Our findings also demonstrate that the relationship between internal social capital and international firm performance is mediated by participative governance capability. In participative governance, family members as well as board members have the capability to contribute to strategic decision-making and implementation. We also show that all structural, relational and cognitive aspects of internal social capital should be developed in order to improve international firm performance.
Aluminium phosphide poisoning resulting in cardiac arrest, successful treatment with Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR): a case report
Authors: Lehoux Juan , Hena Zachary , McCabe Megan , Peek Giles
Published: May 2018

Aluminium phosphide (AP) is a pesticide used against rodents and insects. Exposure of AP to water releases phosphine gas. Phosphine is a highly toxic mitochondrial poison to which there is no known antidote. We report a case of a 3-year-old female with accidental home exposure to AP, which resulted in cardiac arrest, who was successfully supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
The facilitators and challenges of dying at home with dementia: A narrative synthesis
Authors: Mogan Caroline , Lloyd-Williams Mari , Harrison Dening Karen , Dowrick Christopher
Published: May 2018

Background:

It is reported that, given the right support, most people would prefer to die at home, yet a very small minority of people with dementia do so. At present, knowledge gaps remain on how best to support end-of-life care at home for people with dementia.

Aim:

To identify and understand the challenges and facilitators of providing end-of-life care at home for people with dementia.

Design:

Narrative synthesis of qualitative and quantitative data.

Data sources:

The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases (AMED, BNI, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO) and reference lists of key journals were searched up to July 2017.

Results:

Searches returned 1949 unique titles, of which seven studies met all the eligibility criteria (four quantitative and three qualitative). Six key themes were identified – four facilitators and two challenges. Facilitators included ‘support from health care professionals’, ‘informal caregiver resilience and extended social networks’, ‘medications and symptom management’ and ‘appropriate equipment and home adaptations’. Challenges included ‘issues with professional services’ and ‘worsening of physical or mental health’.

Conclusion:

People with dementia may not always require specialist palliative care at the end of life. Further research is required to overcome the methodological shortcomings of previous studies and establish how community development approaches to palliative care, such as compassionate communities, can support families to allow a greater number of people with dementia to die at home.
Risk Factors for Absconding Among Adult Parolees in Colorado
Authors: Powers Ráchael A. , Kaukinen Catherine , Khachatryan Norair
Published: May 2018

Studies that have examined absconding have pointed to the relevance of factors related to demographics, situational, and social characteristics, as well as criminal history variables as predictive of offenders’ decision to abscond. This study contributes to this literature by extending factors that have been explored for criminal justice outcomes such as recidivism to predict the likelihood of absconding. In particular, this study incorporates the Level of Service Inventory-Revised (LSI-R) risk assessment instrument and types of violations to examine their impact on the likelihood of absconding. Using a large sample of parolees from Colorado ( n = 30,181), the findings in this study indicate that the largest predictors of absconding were substance abuse problems and education. In addition, variables measuring the components of the LSI-R and specific nonabsconding parole violations moderately predict absconding. The implications of the findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Tribological properties of carbon nanotube as co-reinforcing additive in carbon black/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites for hydraulic seal applications
Authors: Jansinak Siriwan , Markpin Teerasak , Wimolmala Ekachai , Mahathanabodee Sithipong , Sombatsompop Narongrit
Published: May 2018

This work investigated the cure characteristic, physical mechanical properties, and tribology behavior of carbon black filled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as co-reinforcing additive in various contents from 0, 3, 6, 9, and 15 parts per hundred rubbers. The physical and tribological behavior was also observed in large-scale piston driven hydraulic apparatus which was specially designed for seal applications. The results suggested that the modulus and hardness were found to increase after adding multi-walled carbon nanotube whereas the tensile and tear strength were not significantly affected. Adding multi-walled carbon nanotube was found to increase the bound rubber and crosslink density. For ball-on-disc tribo-testing, it was found that the coefficient of friction of the rubber composites decreased with multi-walled carbon nanotube content and the applied loads whereas the specific wear rate was more influenced by the applied loads used. Finally, under the large-scale piston driven hydraulic test apparatus in comparison with commercial grade rubber seals, it was found that the weight loss for the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites with multi-walled carbon nanotube was much lower than that without multi-walled carbon nanotube. The carbon black/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites with 9–12 parts per hundred rubbers multi-walled carbon nanotube were recommended as the most suitable for hydraulic seal applications.
The Role of Control in Intimate Partner Violence: A Study in Dutch Forensic Outpatients
Authors: Verschuere Bruno , van Horn Joan , Buitelaar Nannet
Published: May 2018

Johnson argued that coercive control is crucial in explaining heterogeneity in intimate partner violence, with such violence being more frequent, less reciprocal, and more often male-to-female aggression when it serves to exercise control over the partner. We assessed 280 Dutch forensic outpatients who had recently engaged in intimate partner violence on nonaggressive coercive control. Control showed significant, small to moderate, associations with more frequent past year acts of psychological aggression, physical assault, and sexual coercion and more frequently resulted in partner injury. Control was unrelated to reciprocity of partner violence. High controlling violence was enacted mostly, but not exclusively by men. Overall, while perhaps not having a uniquely strong association, our findings provide partial support for the role of coercive control in intimate partner violence and suggest it may benefit intimate partner violence risk assessment.
Understanding Polyvictimization in Prison: Prevalence and Predictors Among Men Inmates in Spain
Authors: Caravaca-Sánchez Francisco , Wolff Nancy
Published: May 2018

Victimization—physical, sexual, and emotional—is part of prison life for a sizable proportion of incarcerated people. Research has primarily focused on the prevalence and predictors of physical or sexual victimization inside prisons located in the United States. Very little prison-based victimization research has been conducted in other countries, and even less has examined the clustering patterns of victimization (referred to as polyvictimization), and whether different demographic, behavioral health, and criminal risk factors are associated with polyvictimization. This article explores variation in victimization patterns during incarceration in Spain, and whether there is variation in the demographic, behavioral, and criminal risk factors predicting one type (physical, sexual, or emotional); two types (physical and sexual, physical and emotional, or sexual and emotional); or three types (physical, sexual, and emotional), as well as the number of different types of victimization distinguished by type of perpetrator. Self-report data were collected from 2,484 male inmates housed in eight adult prisons in Spain. More than half the sample reported at least one type of victimization, and one quarter reported two or more types of victimization. Polyvictimization was found to be strongly associated with prior childhood and adulthood victimization experienced in the community. These findings have significant policy and practice implications.
Predictors of Housing Instability in Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Adams Emily N. , Clark Hannah M. , Galano Maria M. , Stein Sara F. , Grogan-Kaylor Andrew , Graham-Bermann Sandra
Published: May 2018

Although one in four women in the United States experience severe intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetimes and are at greater risk for homelessness and housing insecurity than women who have not experienced IPV, the factors increasing the vulnerability of women with an IPV history to housing instability have not been examined. This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data from interviews with 218 IPV-exposed women from diverse ethnoracial backgrounds participating with their children in the Kids’ Club and the Mom’s Empowerment Program, joint interventions designed to improve outcomes in families who have experienced IPV. Multiple regression was used to examine the predictors associated with housing instability, quantified as the number of times a participant had moved in the past 4 years. Demographic information was collected and exposure to violence was measured with the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS); severity and prevalence of PTSD and depression symptoms were measured with the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), respectively. Results showed that level of education was positively associated with housing instability, while age of the participant, average monthly income, and increased severity of PTSD symptoms were negatively associated. Neither the participant’s race nor the extent of reported violence significantly predicted participants’ housing instability. The findings of this study may serve to better identify those who have experienced IPV that are most at risk of experiencing housing instability, and to inform future interventions and policy aiming to support their needs. In addition, these results further emphasize the importance of providing housing resources in addition to interventions designed to improve physical and psychosocial health in enabling women that have experienced IPV to gain independence from an abuser.