bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of the Research of the Bachelors of Education’s Attitude to the Organization of the Ecological Culture Education in School
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Ekaterina A. Igumnova , Natalia N. Popova ,   Transbaikal State University, Yulia Y. Levdanskaya ,   Transbaikal State University, Galina V. Zherebyatnikova ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: March 2022

Global problems and the high rate of social change determine the transformation of the requirements for the professional training of a teacher. The article analyzes the regulatory documents that set the guidelines for the development of environmental education for sustainable development. Comparative analysis of empirical data from questionnaires (2010 – 152 people and 2020 – 106 people) was aimed at identifying ways to improve the professional training of bachelors of education in the context of increasing global and regional environmental problems, the development of a “green” economy and politics, formation of ecological culture as key factors of sustainable development of society.High and average values of correlation loads by types of activity, influencing the formation of competencies among students in the field of environmental education (educational, research and pedagogical practice (r = 0,968), scientific research work with pedagogical practice (r = 0,713)). A connection has been revealed between the use of environmental technologies and government measures (r = 0,999; p≤0,05), which characterizes the readiness of bachelors of education to perceive environmental problems and interact with objects of the natural environment through the active and systematic use of environmental technologies. The necessity of implementing common methodological foundations in the process of training future teachers (the concept of sustainable development, ideas of axiological, socio-cultural and competence-based approaches, noohumanistic values) has been substantiated. The scaling of the best university practices for preparing bachelors for educational activities at school, implementing the value aspects of the subject content in the context of the formation of a network community and digitalization of education (socially significant projects, competitive gaming programs in an online format, educational quests, etc.) is proposed.
Formation of Linguistic and Cultural Competence when Considering the Interaction of Languages and Cultures in the Linguoregionology School Course “Transbaikalia Studies. Living Word of Transbaikalia”
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Tatiana Yu. Ignatovich , Yulia V. Biktimirova ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: March 2022

The article is written from the perspective of modern linguodidactic ideas of conjugation in teaching the Russian language in the school of informative context from linguoregionology, linguoculturology and contrastive linguistics. The purpose of the article is a linguodidactic analysis of theoretical and practical material in the educational and methodological complex of the linguoculturological module “Transbaikalia Studies. Living Word of Transbaikalia” of the integrated school course “Transbaikalia Studies”, which examines the issues of interaction of languages and cultures in the polyethnic Trans-Baikal Territory, allowing to form the linguoculturological competence of schoolchildren. An effective means of forming linguistic and cultural competence, according to the authors of the article, is the “Living Word of Transbaikalia” used in textbooks (grades 6 and 7) a contrastive approach to the study of the facts of the Russian language, Buryat and Evenk languages with the identification of common properties and differences with a projection on the representation of the peculiarities of national cultures. The article shows how to demonstrate national identity and unifying universal values of the peoples living in Transbaikalia through consideration of regional linguistic features. The authors hope that the content of the textbooks will activate students’ cognitive interest in the Russian language, native languages, history and regional folk culture, arouse feelings of pride, love for their native land and the Russian Federation, and generally contributes to the education of patriotism and tolerance in interethnic relations.
The crystal structure and chemistry of natural giniite and implications for Mars
Authors: Adcock Christopher T. , Hausrath Elisabeth M. , Rampe Elizabeth B. , Yang Hexiong , Downs Robert T.
Published: March 2022

Investigations of planetary processes using phosphate minerals often focus on igneous, recrystallized, or potentially metasomatized minerals, likely as a result of the minerals commonly available for study within meteorites and lunar samples. However, Mars is a relatively phosphorus-rich planet and possesses abundant evidence of past aqueous surface interactions. Therefore, secondary phosphate phases may be important on the martian surface. Giniite [Fe2+Fe43+(PO4)4(OH)2·2H2O] is a secondary phosphate mineral that has been suggested as a potentially significant phase at locations in Gusev Crater and Meridiani Planum on Mars. Although relatively rare as a natural mineral on Earth, giniite has gained attention as an important mineral in industry and technology, especially the lithium battery industry, and the ferrian version of the mineral is often synthesized. This suggests giniite may be important as an in situ resource utilization (ISRU) target for future extended human missions to Mars. Despite this, there are few data available on the natural mineral and the last characterization of the structure was over 40 years ago. There has also been confusion in the literature as to whether giniite is orthorhombic or monoclinic. In this work we revisit and document the chemistry and crystal structure of natural giniite from the type locality at the Sandamab pegmatite in Namibia using updated techniques. Our results refine and update what was previously known regarding the structure and chemistry of giniite and support the potential of the mineral as a possible martian scientific and resource target for further study to aid future missions.
PLACENTAL CHORANGIOMA AND ITS CLICOPATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM: A CASE SERIES
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, IGMC, Shimla., Sharma Shikha , Monteiro Rashmi ,   Assistant professor, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital., Rashid Misbah ,   Senior Resident, GMC Srinagar.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:Chorangioma is a rare primary vascular tumour of placenta with an incidence of about 1% in carefully examined term placenta. Chorangiomas in the past have been described as hemangiomas. Chorangioma is a benign, vascular, non-trophoblastic tumor of plancenta that is potentially threatening and can lead to hazardous feto-maternal catastrophy. Objectives: To analyse clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnoses, treatment, and prognoses of placental chorioangioma (PCA). Results: Mean age of the patients was 38 years. 2 patients were below 30 years and 2 were above 30 years. Only 1 patient was primigravida, rest 3 were multigravida. Mean gestational age was 31.8 weeks. 3 out of 4 cases were term gestations. Out of 4 patients, 3 had an emergency LSCS and 1 had normal labor. 1 out of the 4 patients delivered a dead fetus. Grossly, all the specimens werecomplete placenta. All lesions were extraplacental, solitary and all were >5cm. The mean tumor size was 7.3 cm (range: 6-8.5cm). All the tumowere nodular, well circumscribed, solid masses. On cut-section, lesions were reddish-brown to tan-off-white, solid, firm, hemorrhagic masses as depicted in the pictures. Microscopically, the lesions were composed of network of proliferating capillaries lined by benign endothelium in enlarged villi covered by trophoblastic epithelium. Focal hyalinized areas were seen in one of the cases as depicted in the pictures. Conclusion: Giant chorangiomas are relatively rare, however, their diagnosis and management pose a big challenge owing to serious antenatal feto-maternal complications they lead to. Careful radiological and histopathological examination are thus of utmost importance.
REVIEW ON BIODENTINE - A BIODENTINE DENTINE SUBSTITUTE
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Kumar R. Sarath , Jawa Deepti ,   Professor Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Somani Rani ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Jaidka Shipra ,   Professor Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Renuka Oinam ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Leleesh Mayanglambam ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., V.G Hridya ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., MS Serene ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research.
Published: March 2022

Biodentine is a tricalcium silicate-based cement designed for permanent dentin replacement material and has drawn attention in recent years. Biodentine has been adviced to be used in various clinical applications such as pulp caping, apexification,root perforations, retrograde fillings and dentine replacement. There has been considerable research performed on this material since its launching however, there is scarce number of review articles that collates information and data obtained from these studies. Therefore, this review article was prepared for providing a general picture regarding the characteristics of the material. Biodentine is a good biocompatible and bioactive material. It helps in the protection of underlying pulp by inducing tertiary dentin formation. Unlike other dentin substitutes, Biodentine application does not require any conditioning of the dentin surface. The restoration sealing of Biodentine is micromechanical retention by penetrating into the dentin tubules forming tag-like structures. After its setting, Biodentine can be reshaped like natural dentin. Published clinical trials, histology of human teeth and clinical cases show that Biodentine has a wide spectrum of clinical applications as a permanent bulk dentin substitute in pediatric dentistry and restorative dentistry as a possible replacement material.
Sustainable Synthetic Strategies for the Preparation of Low Molecular Weight Drugs by Biotech Routes
Authors: Ferreira Patricia , de Carvalho Alcione , Santos Wilson , Forezi Luana , da Silva Fernando , Ferreira Vitor
Published: March 2022

For billions of years, the phenomena of life and biocatalysis have been intertwined. If in the beginning biocatalysis was fundamental for the origin of life, currently it is very important for the cleaner production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemical intermediates. There is no doubt that drugs have brought great benefits to humanity, but currently, the expectations of modern society are focused on drugs with greater safety, less environmental impact, more sustainable practices, and less energy use. This review intends to show how the challenges for the production of some low molecular weight drugs produced by synthetic routes that involve at least one biotechnological step using microorganisms or enzymes were faced. These biotechnological drug production routes are more sustainable than conventional synthetic routes, as they produce a much smaller amount of waste, use moderate reaction conditions, have lower energy consumption, and have lower metal consumption, in addition to being more selective. Additionally, many natural products have structures too complex to be produced exclusively by chemical routes. The large-scale and economical production of these drugs is of great importance for fighting cancer as well as inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune, metabolic, hormonal, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, among others.
Shadow Teacher dalam Proses Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini di Lembaga Raudlatul Athfal
Authors: Marwiyati Sri , Kinasih Asrie Sekar
Published: March 2022

Shadow Teacher merupakan guru yang membantu guru inti dalam proses pembelajaran mulai proses perencanaan sampai evaluasi. Penelitian ini memliki tujuan untuk untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran shadow teacher dalam persiapan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran serta dalam kegiatan evaluasi pembelajaran di RA Masyitoh Tengaran Kabupaten Semarang. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru kelas, dan guru pendamping. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan dan bersifat deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data diperoleh dari hasil wawancara kepala sekolah, guru kelas dan guru pendamping. Sumber data yang lain yaitu berupa foto-foto kegiatan, buku kurikulum, melalui dokumentasi serta proses observasi dalam proses pembelajaran.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, (1) Peran shadow teacher dalam perencanaan pembelajaran di RA Masyitoh adalah membantu mempersiapkan materi ajar, perangkat pembelajaran, menyiapkan APE atau media pembelajaran, (2) Peran shadow teacher dalam kegiatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran di RA Masyitoh adalah membantu dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran ketika anak datang sampai anak pulang. membantu anak dalam konsentrasi belajar, keaktifan di kelas, membantu anak dalam mengendalikan perilaku anak, (3) Peran shadow teacher dalam evaluasi pembelajaran di RA Masyitoh adalah membantu guru inti dalam mengamati anak untuk mengetahui perkembangan anak dan juga membantu mengevaluasi pembelajaran. Guru pendamping tidak berbeda dengan guru inti dalam proses pembelajaran dan juga sama-sama berkewajiban dalam memberikan keteladan yang baik pada anak.
VIRTUAL PROTOTYPING OF HELICOPTER-TYPE SPACECRAFT RADAR LANDING FOR UNDERSTANDING WHEN COSMONAUTS MAY TAKE A DECISION TO LAND A LUNAR MODULE MANUALLY
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Bubeev Yu.A. , Usov V.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kryuchkov B.I. ,   Gagarin Research & Test Cosmonaut Training Center, Star City, Moscow region, Oboznov A.A. ,   Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Mikhaylyuk M.V. ,   Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Zhelonkin V.I. ,   Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute named after professor N.E. Zhukovsky,Zhukovsky, Moscow region
Published: March 2022

The paper presents a computer toolset to simulate situations in which a cosmonaut has to decide on whether to choose an automated or vision assisted manual landing. A computer experiment was designed to reproduce lunar landscapes observed by cosmonauts from the landing module. Methodology of the virtual prototyping of landing on to the Moon was formulated in terms of visual environment mapping to the information need of cosmonauts. The mission critical point of decision-making on how to control landing was specified. Analysis of vertical takeoff and landing of both piloted and automatic space vehicles made possible description of navigation in low visibility, and substantiation of the use of 2D/3D synthetic vision systems in simulation of manual landing a helicopter-type vehicle in low visibility.
ADENOCORTICAL AND SYMPATHOADRENAL SYSTEMS, ENERGY METABOLISM SUBSTRATES IN HUMAN BLOOD DURING ONE-YEAR'S EXPOSURE IN HYPOBARIC HYPOXIC, HYPOKINESIA AND ISOLATION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ilyin E.A. , Larina I.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Nosovsky А.М. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2022

Year-long life on Antarctic scientific station Vostok was characterized by exposure to the physiologically important factors including hypobaric hypoxia (Р = 460 mm Hg) due to the location on the Central Ice Sheet, hypokinesia due to staying indoor most of the time because of very low temperatures outdoors, physical and social isolation from the world. The paper attempts to define which of these factors determined the human body stress-reaction and energy metabolism. Venous plasma samples were periodically gathered for analysis from 16 members of the 13th Soviet Antarctic expedition to the station Vostok in 1968. Members of the expedition were divided into 2 groups. One group was experimental, i.e. intermittently consumed anti-asthenia amino acid and vitamin supplements and psychoactive drugs, and the other was the placebo control. The investigation showed that in the course of the year-long existence in the extreme environment the averaged levels of 11-oxicorticosteroids and adrenergic compounds were elevated while the noradrenergic levels were at the bottom margins of their normal ranges. Averaged values of blood glucose and total cholesterol were well within the range of normal variations. Anti-asthenia supplements mitigated the chronic stress and did not disturb energy metabolism.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT USING VIRTUAL REALITY IN A STUDY WITH THREE-DAY DRY IMMERSION
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Rozanov I.A. , Kuznetsova P.G. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Savinkina A.O. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shved D.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Ryumin O.O. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tomilovskaya E.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Gushchin V.I. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2022

Usability and validity of a based on virtual reality (VR) psychological support program were tested in a 3-day dry immersion study with participation of female subjects. Test results advocate that VR can be beneficial for managing the psychophysiological reactions in the period of acute adaptation to dry immersion.
STUDIES OF THE RESISTANCE OF «TERRESTRIAL» AND «SPACE» BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS STRAINS TO THE EXTREME SPACEFLIGHT FACTORS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kharin S.A. , Deshevaya E.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Fialkina S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Guridov А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Polianskaya A.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Dymova А.А. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Osipova P.D. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Poddubko S.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2022

The paper presents the results of studying resistance of spores from «terrestrial» and «space» Bacillus licheniformis strains to antimicrobial agents, ultraviolet and radiation. It was established that the resistance of «space» strains to the influence of these extreme factors was noticeably more than for "terrestrial" strains. The most probable explanation of the stronger resistance of «space» strains can be genetic changes aimed to activate intracellular adaptive mechanisms preserved in succeeding generations. Spores from B. licheniformis 24 strain isolated from the ISS environment and exposed to the outer space as part of the EXPOSE-R2 experiment were found to have weakened resistance to antimicrobial agents in subsequent generations. Some of the «space» strains showed the ability to survive exposure to high doses of pulsed UV (1 kJ/m2) and ionizing radiation (20 kGy).
TESTING POLYMER MATERIALS MODIFIED WITH THE USE OF BORON CARBIDE В4С FOR RADIATION PROTECTION
Authors:   JSC «Avangard», Safonovo, Smolensk region, Malyutin Е.V. , Siksin V.V. ,   Р.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Schegolev I.Yu. ,   JSC «Avangard», Safonovo, Smolensk region
Published: March 2022

Novel material Tivarobor, an ultra-high-molecular polyethylene (UHMP) containing B4C nanoparticles, was tested for the ability to attenuate neutrons and ϒ-quants. Attenuations of orthogonal prompt neutrons and ϒ-quants established based on ambient dose measurements were compared with calculations. Digital radiography detector (DRD) was used for regular electron beam targeting at a DRD water phantom. Good agreement of attenuations was confirmed on two accelerators. The authors discuss the composite materials technology and Tivarobor applicability in radiation therapy and onboard manned spacecrafts.
THE EXPERIENCE OF OUTREACH ACTIVITIES AND POPULARIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN SPACE BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE AT THE IBMP RAS
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Orlov O.I. , Belakovskiy M.S. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Levinskikh M.A. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kussmaul A.R. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Lekai L.L. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Voloshin O.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Sakharova A.B. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2022

Objectively assessing the contribution of outreach activities and the popularization of scientific achievements in the development of modern society, the Institute of Biomedical Problems has been actively working in this direction for many years. Effective interaction of the Institute with Russian and foreign mass media is being implemented. Much attention is paid to maintaining Internet resources and pages in social networks. Publication activity (preparation and printing of informational articles, booklets, books, etc.) makes it possible to acquaint a wide range of readers with the achievements of space biology and medicine. A significant amount of work is carried out on the organization of exhibitions (both innovative technologies and museum and educational). The Institute pays much attention to the formation of educational content and lecture activities. An important area is the development of cooperation with public organizations in the field of cosmonautics. The Institute widely uses not only traditional and customary methods in this work, but also develops and applies new approaches, technological and methodological techniques.
Agua segura para beber: factores que inciden en la emergencia del mercado de agua embotellada en Hermosillo, Sonora, México
Authors: Vega Amaya María Elena , Navarro Navarro Luis Alan , Salazar Adams Jesús Alejandro , Moreno Vázquez José Luis
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es dilucidar cuáles son los factores que inciden en la emergencia del mercado local de agua en garrafón en la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora, México. El estudio se aborda mediante un análisis documental del marco legal, la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas a funcionarios públicos relacionados con la provisión de agua potable y la evaluación de la percepción de los usuarios a través de un cuestionario, a fin de conocer los hábitos de consumo de agua. Los factores que inciden en la emergencia del mercado de agua en Hermosillo son un laxo marco regulatorio para las embotelladoras, la falta de informes sobre la calidad del agua del organismo operador y algunos eventos relacionados con la contaminación de las fuentes de agua que han erosionado la confianza en la calidad del agua de la llave.
Manifestaciones del bullying docente en la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, México
Authors: Ruiz Ramírez Rosalva , Zapata Martelo Emma María , Ruíz Martínez Fortunato , García Cue José Luis
Published: March 2022

El artículo analiza las manifestaciones del bullying docente en la preparatoria agrícola de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo. La metodología fue cuantitativa. La muestra consistió en 112 estudiantes, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario divido en: 1) agresiones de docentes a discentes; 2) agresiones que los docentes reciben de estudiantes, y 3) agresiones que los/as docentes hacen y que los/as estudiantes observan. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descrip-tivos univariados y de correlación de Sperman (α=0.05%). Los resultados muestran que existe bullying docente. La principal agresión fue la psicológica que el profesorado hace y recibe al ignorarla. La investigación no presentó limitaciones. La originalidad de esta investigación radica en que el bullying docente se analiza en una doble dirección (de discentes a docentes y viceversa); además, en México existen pocas investigaciones sobre el tema. Se concluye que el bullying docente se relaciona con factores interseccionados: los estereotipos de género, la orien-tación sexual, la subjetividad, la clasificación social por el origen, la etnia o el nivel económico.
Desafíos de las telenovelas mexicanas en la era digital y su importancia en la industria cultural nacional
Authors: Vargas Barraza Juan Antonio , De la Cruz Alatorre Jonathan Cuitláhuac
Published: March 2022

Las telenovelas han representado a México en el mundo gracias al éxito internacional de estas. Tal representación cambió con la llegada de internet, que ofrece otros contenidos a los consu-midores. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la evolución de las telenovelas mexicanas y su importancia para México analizando los motivos del declive de estas. El trabajo parte de una investigación documental apoyada en fuentes bibliográficas y artículos académicos. Como resultado, se encontró que una causa posible de este declive es el uso de fórmulas desgastadas. La principal limitación de esta investigación consiste en la poca información del tema, res-tringida por las corporaciones. La originalidad radica en el rescate de la importancia de las telenovelas como un producto cultural y en la generación de una percepción positiva del país de origen en otros mercados. Los principales hallazgos son que, aun en declive, las telenovelas mexicanas todavía son demandadas y que es posible aprender de las buenas prácticas de sus competidores para volver a posicionarlas.
Espacios de religiosidad y de control social para africanos y sus descendientes en la Mérida novohispana, 1582-1822
Authors: Victoria Ojeda Jorge
Published: March 2022

Los objetivos del trabajo son conocer cuáles fueron los espacios religiosos de los africanos y sus descendientes en Mérida, y cuál su imagen de culto. Para ello nos basamos en fuentes primarias y publicadas, además de investigaciones. Se presentan tres espacios de religiosidad y de control social para aquella gente; la primera devoción fue al Santo Nombre de Jesús y luego a la Virgen de las Montañas. La cofradía de negros y mulatos ahí existente tuvo el carácter de abierta, pues participaban también españoles, quienes tuvieron mayor control en la hermandad y el culto en el siglo XVIII. Las limitaciones del trabajo están dadas por la falta de datos que ilustren de mejor manera lo abordado. El valor del texto radica en la develación de los sitios de administración y de control para el componente africano de Mérida. Se concluye que esos espacios representan el poder ejercido desde arriba hacia esa población, y aunque no fue de manera violenta, sí tuvo el éxito deseado.
Idólatra o cristiano. La representación del indio en las obras de Juan de Grijalva y Juan de Palafox y Mendoza
Authors: González Torres Annia , Reyes Rodríguez Adolfo Yunuen
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene el propósito de analizar las diferentes configuraciones y representaciones discursivas del indio elaboradas por Juan de Palafox en Virtudes del indio y por Juan de Grijalva en Crónica de la Orden de N. P. S. Agustín..., mediante la comparación de estas obras, a fin de contrastar los atributos que estos autores le daban al indio. De esta comparación se desprende que la categoría de indio fue útil para favorecer a Juan de Palafox en su secularización de doctrinas, pero también a los regulares en la defensa de su privilegio. En un primer ejercicio de contrastación se encontró que la categoría de indio fue usada y reformulada por diversos actores políticos, lo cual conduce a la conclusión de que esta categoría dependió de tales actores y de los contextos políticos. Asimismo, se determina que Juan de Palafox y Juan de Grijalva resignificaron la categoría de indio para validar sus discursos y sus intenciones políticas.
Capital humano e innovación en el sector salud. Una revisión sistemática de literatura y análisis cienciométrico
Authors: Alvarez-Aros Erick L. , Alvarez Aros Jhovani De Jesus , Salas Salazar Karla Maria
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar los elementos clave del capital humano y la innovación en el sector salud por medio de la revisión sistemática de literatura y el análisis cienciométrico. Los resultados muestran que el tema se agrupa en conjuntos afines como el recurso humano, la organización y la administración, las vinculaciones y el entorno económico. Asimismo, hay evidencia de un incremento de la temática. En los indicadores destaca la Universidad de Toronto, el artículo científico como documento más común, las áreas de las ciencias sociales y medicina y Estados Unidos. El análisis se limitó a dos bases de datos. Para futuras investigaciones, se sugiere la ampliación del estudio a un mayor número de bases de datos. Los resultados implican una agenda de trabajo para la política empresarial y un área de oportunidad para los empresarios. Este trabajo es novedoso por las técnicas metodológicas y porque aporta valor al estado del arte. Se concluye que el recurso humano representa la fuente más importante de conocimientos organizacionales y la fuente más valiosa de innovación en el sector salud.
Praxis empresarial y paternalismo industrial en la metalurgia San Luis Potosí en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Gámez Moisés , Rodríguez Contreras Gerardo
Published: March 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las estrategias de gestión paternalista implementadas por la American Smelting and Refining Company en San Luis Potosí (México). Se plantea que estas se asocian a la expresión espacial de las relaciones tanto productivas como extralaborales. Se mencionan los vínculos entre la praxis empresarial y la configuración de un espacio urbano de control como el barrio obrero en las inmediaciones de la planta. Se determina que el control social se expresó a partir de la asistencia social y la medicina del trabajo, la educación, la intervención en festividades religiosas y civiles y el estímulo por medio de actividades deportivas y culturales en coyunturas de celebración. En este artículo, la observación del pasado parte de las dinámicas paternalistas implementadas desde el temprano siglo XX, las cuales tuvieron un punto de inflexión con el tránsito a un modelo económico de corte neoliberal. Se confirma que, en el discurso empresarial moralizante, las representaciones de patriotismo y compromiso del trabajo significaban, en términos identitarios, el bienestar de los trabajadores y de “su empresa”.
Factors Affecting Early Intrauterine Device Expulsion Inserted Immediately
After Voluntary Termination of Pregnancy
Authors: Aksan Alperen , Dilbaz Berna , Dilbaz Serdar , Özdemir Ece
Published: March 2022

Background:

Post-abortion insertion of an intrauterine device (IUD) is recommended for
the prevention of repetitive voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTOP) in women who choose to
have a reliable contraceptive method.

Aim:

This study aimed to analyze the incidence of IUD dislocation and its factors in patients who
had an IUD immediately inserted after VTOP.

Methods:

In this retrospective study, 288 consequent patients who came to our hospital for VTOP
between August 1st, 2018 to August 26th, 2019, and had given signed consent for immediate IUD insertion
were taken as the study group. The demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and gestational
age at the time of the procedure were obtained from the patient records. On the 10th day of
post-abortion, the localization of the IUD was evaluated by speculum examination and transvaginal
ultrasonography. The effects of obstetric history and gestational age at the time of termination on
IUD dislocation rates were analyzed statistically.

Results:

The overall incidence of IUD dislocation was 16.3 % at the 10th-day follow-up visit. The
incidence of IUD dislocation was similar in patients with gestational age < 5w, 5-7w, and 7-10w (21
%, 14.5 %, and 13 %, respectively, p=0.36). However, the incidence increased with high gravity and
parity. The gravity, parity, number of vaginal deliveries, and cesarean section were higher in patients
with an IUD dislocation than the ones with an IUD in place.

Conclusion:

The IUD insertion after voluntary legal termination of pregnancy is suitable for all gestational
ages. A high number of previous pregnancies and deliveries are risk factors for IUD expulsion
after immediate IUD insertion.
Leigh Gilmore and Elizabeth Marshall, Witnessing Girlhood. Toward an Intersectional Tradition of Life Writing
Authors: Davis Kathy
Published: March 2022

This compact and elegantly composed volume brings together and analyses autobiographical narratives of girlhood in which adult women return to their own childhood and write about experiences of suffering, trauma, violence and abuse. These narratives range from slave narratives from the mid-nineteenth century, to comic books from the twenty-first century.  While most of them are situated in the US context, several memoirs from other parts of the world are included, most notably, the testimonio of a Latin American indigenous woman, Rigoberta Menchú, a memoir in comic form of a young girl growing up in post-revolution Iran (Persepolis), and a children’s picture book My Hiroshima about the author’s relationship to the horrors of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima by the US in 1945. Other texts included are survivor memoirs on sexual violence (Girl, Interrupted by Susanna Kaysen), on debilitating illness (Autobiography of a Face by Lucy Grealy), and the comedian Hannah Gadsby’s stand-up performance about abuse and homophobia (Nanette). What these diverse narratives have in common is the desire to represent the child as witness without resorting to sentimental ideas about childhood innocence. The child is not only treated as a witness whose account needs to be taken seriously, but she also often emerges as an activist who calls on her audience to take an ethical stance against sexual violence, exploitation, or war.
Rural Obesity Medical Education for Primary Care in West Virginia: A Needs Assessment
Authors: Davisson, MD, MPH, FACP Laura , Hernandez-Pachon, BS Melissa A. , Haggerty, MD, MS Treah S.
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Obesity is a serious disease associated with adverse health effects and costs, West Virgini(WV) has one of the highest obesity rates in the nation. Addressing obesity largely falls on primary care practitioners, but many feel ill -equipped to counsel patients on weight loss. It is critical for clinicians to be adequately trained to treat obesity, We conducted this study to assess the obesity medical education needs of WV primary care practices. METHODS Data was collected from 17 health systems through W/V Practice-Based Research Network's Collective Outreach and Research Engagement survey. Survey results were analyzed using descriptive statistics to summarize demographics; obesity treatment knowledge and confidence, topics of interest; and preferred educational delivery methods. RESULTS The majority of respondents agreed that medical training in obesity should be strengthened (96.4%). Relatively low confidence levels were reported for prescribing anti-obesity medications (49,4%), optimizing chronic medications for weight (61.0%), and counseling/managing patients before/after bariatric surgery (52,4%). Highest reported interest levels were in strategies for discussing weight with patients (87.2%), food and nutrition (85.7%), physical activity plans (84.4%), motivational interviewing (84.0%), and optimizing chronic medications for weight (79,2%). The highest rated educational delivery method was virtual Continuing Medical Education (91.5%) with lecture format (89.0%). CONCLUSIONS These results can be used to develop obesity medical education for primary care that can ultimately help to reduce health disparities in rural WV. An educational plan should ideally be delivered in virtual lecture format and should address lifestyle modifications, motivational interviewing, bariatric surgery, and obesity pharmacotherapy.
Surface roughness and colour changes of nanofilled composite resin after immersion in yogurt drink
Authors: Widyaningrum Sindy , Agustiono Purwanto , Harsini Harsini
Published: March 2022

Nanofilled composite resin is one of restorative materials with some weaknesses, such as changes of colour and surface roughness. These weaknesses are attributed to some factors, including frequent consumption some beverages, including yoghurt drinks. This study aims to determine the effect of long immersion of nanofilled composite resin in guava yogurt drink on discoloration and changes in surface roughness. Subjects of the study were nanofilled composite resin materials (3M Filtek Z350XT shade A3) in cylindrical shape with a diameter of 10 mm and 2 mm thickness. Study was conducted by immersing nanofilled resin composites in 10 mL of guava yogurt drink at 37 °C. Twelve specimens were divided into 3 groups with immersion duration of 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. Surface roughness measurements were carried out using a profilometer Starrett SR300 surface roughness tester, while the colour measurement parameters according to the system L * a * b * was measured using chromameter Konica Minolta CR-400 before and after treatment. Data of changes in surface roughness and colour changes data (ΔE) were calculated and analysed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed insignificant surface roughness changes but significant colour changes in nanofilled composite resin in the groups of 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours. It is concluded that immersion duration in guava yoghurt drink significantly affects the colour of nanofilled composite resin.
The correlation between trauma and poor diet in oral ulceration: an online-based survey
Authors: Nur'aeny Nanan , Gurnida Dida Akhmad , Hakim Dzulfikar Djalil Lukmanul , Susilaningsih Fransisca Sri , Herawati Dewi Marhaeni Diah
Published: March 2022

The most common oral ulceration in the community might be as recurrent as aphthous stomatitis (RAS) or traumatic ulcer. The aim of this study was to report and analyze the characteristics of oral ulceration and risk factors based on an online survey. A questionnaire using Google forms containing a total of 34 questions. Four questions wereabout personal details, whereas 30 questions related to oral ulceration were recorded and presented descriptively. The chi square test was carried out to determine the relationship between several questionnaire variables. A total of 208 respondents were involved, consisting of 162 female and 46 male. Respondents were in the age range of 0–50 year old with >23 year old as the age group with the highest number of respondents (53%). Oral ulceration data showed no recurrence in 157 respondents (75%), rare recurrence/ once in a year (52%), frequent recurrence in the labial mucosa in 121 respondents, single ulcer (86%), round shape (75%), risk factor due to trauma (biting/friction) in 165 respondents, ulcer untreated (64 %), and ulcer recovery of less than 7 days (70%). The respondents had no symptoms of anemia (73%), and were not on a vegan diet (98%). Chi square test indicated that there was a significant correlation between trauma and the poor diet (p= 0.001). The data in this present study indicate that the characteristics of oral ulceration might lead to RAS or traumatic ulcers and this might be attributed to local (trauma) and systemic (diet) factors.
DESIGN, 23 FACTORIAL OPTIMIZATION AND IN VITRO–IN VIVO PHARMACOKINETIC EVALUATION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM LOADED POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES
Authors: PARAMESWARAN SIVA , RAMAMOORTHY VIJAYASHANKAR GUDANAGARAM , VENKATESWARLU BENDI SRI , CHANDIRA RAJAPPA MARGRET
Published: March 2022

Objective: The objective is to incorporate low bioavailable Rosuvastatin Calcium (20%) into polymeric nanoparticles (PNs) to improve its biopharmaceutical properties of Rosuvastatin Calcium.
Methods: The PNs were prepared by solvent evaporation method by applying 23 factorial designs. The formulated PN are investigated for particle size (PS) and shape, zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PI) and entrapment efficiency (EE), in vivo pharmacokinetic.
Results: Among 8 formulations, PN7 shows least PS of 159.9±16.1 nm, which enhance the dissolution, surface area and permeability; ZP of-33.5±1.54 mV, which shows good stability; PI of 0.587±0.16 shows monodisperse distribution pattern; high EE of about 94.20±2.46 %; percentage yield of 96.80±2.08 %; maximum in vitro drug release of about 96.54±2.02 % at 24 h with controlled and predetermined release pattern. PN7 drug release obeys zero-order release kinetics, non-fickian diffusion mechanism with r2 value>0.96 and release exponent ‘n’ value falls between 0.5-0.8 for peppas kinetic model i.e., the mechanism of drug diffusion is based on polymer relaxation. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies illustrate enhance in AUCo-α in mg/ml, which proves a significant enhancement of bioavailability of Rosuvastatin Calcium by PNs.
Conclusion: This PN shows a significant enhancement of bioavailability by minimizing the dose-dependent adverse side effects of rosuvastatin calcium.
BI-LAMINATED ORAL DISINTEGRATING FILM FOR DUAL DELIVERY OF PITAVASTATIN CALCIUM AND LORNOXICAM: FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY
Authors: H. TEAIMA MAHMOUD , ABDEL-HALEEM KHALED M. , OSAMA MOHAD , EL-NABARAWI MOHAMED A. , M. FAYEZ SAHAR
Published: March 2022

Objective: Pitavastatin calcium (PT) is an innovative drug of statins that enhances HDL-C and lowers LDL-C. However, myalgia has been reported in hyperlipidemic patients receiving statins. Therefore, co-administration of statins with NSAIDs such as Lornoxicam (LN) could be a solution to the former problem. Accordingly, this study aimed to formulate a bi-laminated oral disintegrating film (ODF) comprising PT in one layer and LN in the second one.
Methods: For the formulation and optimization of PT-ODFs, a 31.21 full factorial design was carried out, where the impact of polymer type and concentration on disintegration time (DT) and % PT released after 10 min (Q10) was studied. PT-ODFs were prepared via the solvent casting method and then evaluated. One PT-ODF was chosen to represent the optimum formula according to the criteria of scoring the fastest DT and the highest Q10. The optimized PT-ODF was merged with the second film layer containing LN, forming a bi-laminated ODF named S1 that underwent an in vivo pharmacokinetic study compared to the commercially available tablets for PT (Lipidalon®) and LN (Lornoxicam®) using rats as an animal model. LC-MS/MS was used to analyze plasma drug concentrations.
Results: All PT-ODFs showed acceptable outcomes. F1 scored the fastest DT (18.6±1.5 s) and the highest Q10 (91.3±3.0 %). S1 successfully recorded a maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 2.04 and 2.24 folds increase for PT and LN, correspondingly, compared to commercially available tablets.
Conclusion: Merging PT and LN into bi-laminated ODF was promising for the fast delivery of both drugs with enhanced bioavailability.
THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR PROSTATE CANCER DIAGNOSIS
Authors: ALHASANI REEM HASABALLAH , ALTHOBAITI NORAH A. , ALRDAHE SALMA SALEH
Published: March 2022

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common malignancy among men and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in men worldwide. The present study aims to systematically review the ability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to differentiate between benign and malignant prostate lesions. According to the 06-PRISMA guideline, we searched in five English databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar without time limitation for publications related to the role of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for prostate cancer diagnosis. The searched words and terms were: “prostate cancer”, “prostatitis”, “magnetic resonance spectroscopy”, “benign prostate hyperplasia”, “malignant prostate hyperplasia”, “comparison”. Totally 1927 papers were identified by database searching. Out of these papers, 261 papers were discarded because of duplication. Of the remaining 1666 papers, 1604 papers were discarded because of the inadequate information and the ones in which the abstract was submitted in congresses as preceding papers, conferences, and editorials without full text. Out of the remaining 62 papers which were studied for eligibility, 52 papers were removed for a number of reasons including inconsistency between methods with results, incorrect interpretation of the results, poor methodology, etc. Finally, 10 papers were included in this present study. In general, based on the results of the review of articles, MRS has optimal sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosing prostate cancer and differentiating it from benign prostate hyperplasia in comparison with other diagnostic and pathological methods. Due to the small number of studies related to the sensitivity and specificity of MRS, further checking was not possible to confirm these results. Therefore, further studies in this regard are recommended.
DEVELOPMENT OF NILOTINIB LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES AND OPTIMIZATION BY CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN APPROACH
Authors: KUMAR JARPULA ARUN , BHIKSHAPATHI D. V. R. N.
Published: March 2022

Objective: In current research, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) are formulated for the anticancer drug, nilotinib, to conquer the drawbacks associated with drug including low bioavailability and solubility.
Methods: The formulation comprised of tripalmitin (lipid), poloxamer 188(surfactant) and glyceryl palmitostearate (cosurfactant) by solvent evaporation technique. The formulation and process variables of SLN were optimized by experimental design-Central composite design (CCD). The effect of drug to lipid ratio (A), concentration of Poloxamer 188 (B) and concentration of glyceryl palmitostearate(C), on particle size (Y1) and encapsulation efficiency (Y2) of SLN were evaluated. Three batches (F1-F3) of Nilotinib SLNs were formulated by desirability approach and evaluated.
Results: The mean size of all the formulations ranged between 187–198 nm, PDI between 0. 291-0.652 and zeta potential between-21.8 to to-24.7 mV indicating the wide range of size distribution and stabiliity of the formulations. The total encapsulation efficiency of SLNs ranged between 85 to 86 %. The SEM analysis revealed the spherical shape of individual particles and PXRD results indicate amorphization of drug in SLN formulation. The drug release was continued for 24 h, indicative of controlled release drug delivery.
Conclusion: From the above results it is concluded that the solubility and bioavailability of nilotinib is enhanced.