bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified TIME-H: a simplified scoring system for chronic wound management
Authors: Lim K. , Free B. , Sinha S.
Published: September 2015

Objective:

Chronic wound assessment requires a systematic approach in order to guide management and improve prognostication. Following a pilot study using the original TIME-H scoring system in chronic wound management, modifications were suggested leading to the development of the Modified TIME-H scoring system. This study investigates the feasibility and reliability of chronic wound prognostication applying the Modified TIME-H score.

Method:

Patients referred to the hospital's outpatient wound clinic over a 9-month period were categorised into one of three predicted outcome categories based on their Modified TIME-H score.

Results:

This study shows a higher proportion of patients in the certain healing category achieved healed wounds, with a higher rate of reduction in wound size, when compared with the other categories. The three categories defined in this study are certain healing, uncertain healing and difficult healing.

Conclusion:

The Modified TIME-H score could be a useful tool for assessment, patient-centred management and prognostication of chronic wounds in clinical practice and requires further validation from other institutions.

Declaration of interest:

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Cost analysis of one of the first outpatient wound clinics in the Netherlands
Authors: Rondas A.A.L.M. , Schols J.M.G. , Halfens R.J.G. , Hull H.R. , Stobberingh E.E. , Evers S.M.A.A
Published: September 2015

Objective:

To perform, from an insurance perspective, a cost analysis of one of the outpatient community wound care clinics in the Netherlands, the Knowledge Centre in Wound Care (KCWC) at Venray.

Method:

This study involved a cost analysis based on an observational cohort study with a one-year pre-admission and a one-year post-admission comparison of costs. Patients were included when they first consulted the outpatient wound care clinic. Participants were all insured by the same health insurance company, Coöperatie Volksgezondheidszorg (VGZ). A standard six-step procedure for performing cost studies was used to calculate the costs. Given the skewed cost data, non-parametric bootstrapping was used to test for statistical differences.

Results:

There were 172 patients included in this study. The difference in costs related to wound care between the year before and the year after initial admission to the wound clinic amounted to an average reduction of €2621 (£1873) per patient in the base case analysis. The categories ‘general practitioner’, ‘hospital care’, ‘mental health care’ and ‘transport’ scored lower, indicating lower costs, in the year after admission to the wound clinic.

Conclusion:

In this study, only the reimbursement data of patients of one health insurance company, and specifically only those made under the 2006 Dutch Health Insurance Act, were available. Because of the observational design, definitive conclusions cannot be made regarding a demonstrated reduction of costs in the year post admission. Nevertheless, this study is a first attempt of a cost analysis of an equipped outpatient wound clinic as an innovative way of responding to the increasing number of chronic wounds in the Netherlands. The calculations show that savings in wound care are possible.

Declaration of interest:

A possible conflict of interest should be mentioned. First author AALM Rondas, PhD student at Maastricht University, is working at the KCWC wound clinic at Venray in the Netherlands as a physician. However, the research data were provided externally by Coöperatie Volksgezondheidszorg (VGZ) and checked by the academic co-authors, none of whom have a conflict of interest. The authors have no financial or commercial interest to declare.
Snap! Use clip art to make your own cards
Authors: Hart Karen
Published: September 2015

Clip art is a cheap resource which can be applied to many craft activities and used to create beautiful, practical objects. It also provides practise in computing skills.
Hola! Enjoy spontaneity when speaking Spanish
Authors: Aitken Liz
Published: September 2015

Spanish can complement studies in French or be an alternative to it. Liz Aitken suggests ways to introduce practical communications and foster children's curiosity.
Discover the work of the internet pioneers
Authors: Rachel  , Bosley Mark
Published: September 2015

Children may take the World Wide Web for granted, but can they differentiate it from the internet? Explore definitions and understand the genious of invention.
Get off to the right start
Authors: Cartwright Eva
Published: September 2015

Now is the time to get to know your teacher and find out what their priorities are and the way they like to work. Communicaton is key to maximising your support.
Adopt a No Nonsense approach to spelling
Authors: McKeown Sal
Published: September 2015

Sal McKeown finds out how Raintree's spelling resource combines structure with flexibility, while encouraging all children to get hooked on spelling.
Hello to happy Mondays
Authors: Adams Margaret
Published: September 2015

Contrary to popular belief, this does not have to be the most painful day of the week. Some forward planning and positive thinking can make all the difference.
Modification of Montmorillonite with Alkyl Silanes and Fluorosurfactant for Clay/fluoroelastomer (FKM) Nanocomposites
Authors: Khajehpour Maryam , Gelves Genaro A. , Sundararaj Uttandaraman
Published: September 2015

The main objective of the present work was to functionalize nanoclays with organosilanes and surfactant in order to facilitate the dispersion of the nanofillers in the host fluoroelastomer (FKM) polymer matrix. Better dispersion was achieved by improving interaction between the clay polymer nanocomposite (CPN) constituents. The first part of this study investigated modification of montmorillonite (Mnt) using different saturated and unsaturated alkyl silanes and an alkyl hydrocarbon ammonium quaternary surfactant. Silicon magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the silane-grafted clays. Results indicated that the amount of silane grafted depended on the specific structure of the silane. Silane-grafted Mnt was also modified with ionic surfactants intercalated between the clay layers. A 169% increase in the clay basal spacing (from initial spacing of 10.0 Å to 26.9 Å) was achieved. The second part of the study successfully synthesized FKM nanocomposites containing custom-functionalized Mnt, with the aim of producing reinforced high-performance materials. The effects of clay modification on the morphology and thermal properties of the CPN were studied using XRD, TGA, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The CPN made with the modified clay exhibited greater thermal stability than the CPN of the commercially available modified Mnt, with a degradation onset point ~ 40°C higher.
Revisiting the Infrared Spectrum of the Water—Smectite Interface
Authors: Kuligiewicz Artur , Derkowski Arkadiusz , Szczerba Marek , Gionis Vassilis , Chryssikos Georgios D.
Published: September 2015

An overlap of bands produced by the O−H stretching vibrations of H2O (O–Hw) and structural OH (O−Hs) in smectite hampers the study by infrared spectroscopy (IR) of both their layer and interlayer structure. The present study re-evaluated the D2O saturation of smectite as a tool to enable separation of the overlapping bands at ambient conditions. Real-time monitoring by Attenuated Total Reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) was employed during in situ sample drying and H2O or D2O saturation at ambient temperature. Six dioctahedral and one trioctahedral pure smectites in Ca2+-, Na+-, and Cs+-cationic forms were studied to explore variability in total layer charge, charge location, and interlayer cation. The IR data showed the interlayer O−Dw signature at 2700–2200 cm−1 as a proxy for the O−Hw signature in the 3700–3000 cm−1 region. In addition to the expected liquid-like bands of D2O in the interlayer, these O−Dw spectra exhibited an additional sharp stretching feature in the 2695–2680 cm−1 range. No significant cation dependence of the sharp band position was observed between pairs of Ca- and Na-smectites for relative humidity (RH) between 60 and 80%, despite the large difference in the ionic potential between these interlayer cations. The intensity of the sharp band was found to be almost insensitive to changes in water content within the range 60–80% RH. The sharp band frequency decreased linearly with increasing total charge of the 2:1 layer (and can be used as a proxy for it), but no effect of charge location could be discerned. In agreement with early studies, this band was attributed to D2O located on the surface of the interlayer, pointing one O−D group toward the siloxane surface. Based on its high frequency, this band was indicative of free O−D oscillators, with very little or no involvement in hydrogen bonding (“dangling OD”). By analogy to the spectra of D2O-smectites, the spectrum of H2O-smectites also involves a sharp O−Hw analog at ~3630 cm−1 overlapping with typical OHs bands (e.g. Al2OH). As a result of this overlap, the sharp 3630 cm−1 O−Hw contribution was often missed or attributed solely to O−Hs.
Interaction of Corroding Iron with Bentonite in the ABM1 Experiment at Äspö, Sweden: A Microscopic Approach
Authors: Wersin Paul , Jenni Andreas , Mäder Urs K.
Published: September 2015

Bentonite and iron metals are common materials proposed for use in deep-seated geological repositories for radioactive waste. The inevitable corrosion of iron leads to interaction processes with the clay which may affect the sealing properties of the bentonite backfill. The objective of the present study was to improve our understanding of this process by studying the interface between iron and compacted bentonite in a geological repository-type setting. Samples of MX-80 bentonite samples which had been exposed to an iron source and elevated temperatures (up to 115°C) for 2.5 y in an in situ experiment (termed ABM1) at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, Sweden, were investigated by microscopic means, including scanning electron microscopy, μ-Raman spectroscopy, spatially resolved X-ray diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence.

The corrosion process led to the formation of a ~100 μm thick corrosion layer containing siderite, magnetite, some goethite, and lepidocrocite mixed with the montmorillonitic clay. Most of the corroded Fe occurred within a 10 mm-thick clay layer adjacent to the corrosion layer. An average corrosion depth of the steel of 22–35 μm and an average Fe2+ diffusivity of 1–2 × 10−13 m2/s were estimated based on the properties of the Fe-enriched clay layer. In that layer, the corrosion-derived Fe occurred predominantly in the clay matrix. The nature of this Fe could not be identified. No indications of clay transformation or newly formed clay phases were found. A slight enrichment of Mg close to the Fe—clay contact was observed. The formation of anhydrite and gypsum, and the dissolution of some SiO2 resulting from the temperature gradient in the in situ test, were also identified.
The (be)coming of the book: The transformation of a text medium in the late age of print
Authors: Leckner Sara
Published: September 2015

Digitalization has changed the preconditions for most media in recent decades, offering a rare opportunity to develop and change traditional media and the media market. The book medium is no exception. What is to be considered a book is being challenged, or, for some, threatened. As the e-book market grows there is, as with other media, still ambiguity in the direction of the development and the normalization of the e-book concept. This article discusses the extent to which physical form, genre and utilization are important when defining the book medium in the late age of print, contributing to the debate regarding the future of the book. The article is based on interviews with four prominent scholars in the research area of the digitization of text media. The findings show that, despite good arguments for how the e-book should be defined, its definition is highly context-dependent. However, as the e-book moves towards more enhanced digital versions and away from digitized ones, genre will grow increasingly important for the definition of a ‘book’ in the digital environment. This means that, in moving towards a more converging understanding of the future of the book, its definitions will diverge.
The tensions of e-book creation and distribution in a small-language culture
Authors: Nilsson Skans Kersti , Maceviciute Elena , Wilson Tom , Bergström Annika , Höglund Lars
Published: September 2015

We report on research in progress on the e-book phenomenon in Sweden, the aim of which is to explore the impact of the e-book at every stage, from authorship, through publishing, library lending and bookselling to readership. Here two aspects of the research are covered, the attitudes of authors and publishers towards e-books, to demonstrate the ‘early adoption’ stage of the e-book in the Swedish market. Interviews with authors reveal that most regard e-books favourably, although most of those who have a contract with publishers see it as a by-product of print publishing. Most authors do not have much experience in e-book publishing or self-publishing. The survey of publishers reveals ambivalence towards e-books and in their relationships with libraries and booksellers. The main ‘drivers’ in the uptake of e-books are consumers’ demands for portable, convenient formats and the search for more economic solutions to the provision of textbooks.
Servicios Sociales en la Comunitat Valenciana: el actual ‘modelo valenciano’ y una nueva agenda de construcción de un modelo de derechos sociales
Authors: Uceda i Maza Francesc Xavier , Domínguez Alonso Francisco Javier , Martínez-Martínez Lucía
Published: September 2015

Introducción: La aprobación de la LRSAL* presenta un panorama de cambio para los Sistemas de Servicios Sociales de España, sobre todo en lo atingente a lo local. Un grupo de expertos/as de la Comunitat Valenciana ha trabajado esta circunstancia como una oportunidad positiva. Material y Métodos: Mediante el análisis documental y el debate de la realidad del sector realizado por este grupo de expertos/as, se ha desgranado el modelo actual de los servicios sociales municipales valencianos, se ha reflexionado en sus diferencias con los modelos basados en leyes de tercera generación, y a partir de ello, se atreve a proponer las bases para la construcción de un nuevo modelo del Sistema Valenciano de Servicios Sociales. Resultados: Los resultados nos han llevado a indicar que el modelo actual de los servicios sociales valencianos se caracteriza por haberse desarrollado de forma centralizada, desordenada, con escasa calidad y al margen del territorio. La comparativa en legislación nos indica que no se asienta sobre derechos subjetivos, tiene desestructurados e invisibilizados sus recursos, y sobre todo carece por completo de planificación en todos los ámbitos del sistema, siendo especialmente grave en el ámbito de la organización funcional y territorial. Discusión y conclusiones: El nuevo modelo se debe asentar en la planificación estratégica, la proximidad, la prevención, la calidad, la colaboración de y entre todos sus actores, y sobre todo en la primacía de las personas sobre el sistema.
Active and stable platinum/ionic liquid/carbon nanotube electrocatalysts for oxidation of methanol
Authors: Lin Guan-Lin , Periasamy Arun Prakash , Shih Zih-Yu , Chang Huan-Tsung
Published: September 2015

Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been prepared from PtCl6
2− ions through a facile ionic liquid (IL)-assisted method and used for methanol oxidation. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) with four different counter ions (PF6
−, Cl−, Br−, and I−) has been tested for the preparation of Pt/IL/CNT nanohybrids, showing the counter ions of ILs play an important role in the formation of small sizes of Pt NPs. Only [BMIM][PF6] and [BMIM][Cl] allow reproducible preparation of Pt/IL/CNT nanohybrids. The electroactive surface areas of Pt/[BMIM][PF6]/CNT, Pt/[BMIM][Cl]/CNT, Pt/CNT, and commercial Pt/C electrodes are 62.8, 101.5, 78.3, and 87.4 m2 g−1, respectively. The Pt/[BMIM][Cl]/CNT nanohybrid-modified electrodes provide higher catalytic activity (251.0 A g−1) at a negative onset potential of −0.60 V than commercial Pt/C-modified ones do (133.5 A g−1) at −0.46 V. The Pt/[BMIM][Cl]/CNT electrode provides the highest ratio (4.52) of forward/reverse oxidation current peak, revealing a little accumulation of carbonaceous residues.
Endodontic flare ups: A proposal for etiopathogenesis and psychological management
Authors: Kaur Pushappreet
Published: September 2015

Flare ups are undesirable yet unavoidable, true endodontic emergencies, presenting with severe pain and/or swelling of the facial soft tissues and the oral mucosa in the area of endodontically treated tooth, in association with strong expression of clinical symptoms (tooth pain when biting, chewing or by itself), occuring within a few hours or a few days of instrumentation. Prevention and management of such situations necessitates standardized execution of all the steps comprising root canal therapy alongwith comprehensive knowledge of its possible etiological factors, pathogenesis, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods. This article presents a pro-posal for etiopathogenesis and psychological management besides accounting a brief description of its definition, epidemiology, treatment steps and prevention.
The Metamorphoses of the Trocadéro and the Re-Invention of the Musée de l’Homme
Authors: Grognet Fabrice
Published: September 2015

This contribution originally appeared in French as a chapter in the edited volume Les musées d’ethnologie: culture, politique et changement institutionnel. It tracks the organizational and intellectual history of the Musée d’Ethnographie du Trocadéro, including its historical relationship with more recent institutions in French museum anthropology, including the Musée de l’Homme, the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, and the Musée du Quai Branly.
Does War Belong in Museums? The Representation of Violence in Exhibitions (Muchitsch, ed.)
Authors: Seaver James B.
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Does War Belong in Museums? The Representation of Violence in Exhibitions edited by Wolfgang Muchitsch.
Phallological Museum (Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson)
Authors: Bodinger de Uriarte John Joseph
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Phallological Museum by Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson.
Pottery of the U.S. South: A Living Tradition
Authors: Erickson Kirstin C.
Published: September 2015

This work is a exhibition review considering Pottery of the U.S. South: A Living Tradition, a project of the Museum of International Folk Art.
A Cultural History of Jewish Dress (Silverman)
Authors: Greenspoon Leonard J.
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title A Cultural History of Jewish Dress by Eric Silverman.
Migrating Heritage: Experiences of Cultural Networks and Cultural Dialogue in Europe (Innocenti, ed.)
Authors: Stefano Michelle
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Migrating Heritage: Experiences of Cultural Networks and Cultural Dialogue in Europe edited by Perla Innocenti.
The Politics of Dress in Somali Culture (Akou)
Authors: Ryan MacKenzie Moon
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title The Politics of Dress in Somali Culture by Heather Marie Akou.
Museums and Restitution: New Practices, New Approaches (Tythacott and Arvanitis, eds.)
Authors: Barker Alex W
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Museums and Restitution: New Practices, New Approaches edited by Louis Tythacott and Kostas Arvanitis.
Digital Anthropology (Horst and Miller, eds.)
Authors: Hale Matthew
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Digital Anthropology edited by Heather A. Horst and Daniel Miller.
The Things We Value: Culture and History in Solomon Islands (Burt and Bolton, eds.) and World Art: An Introduction to the Art in Artefacts (Burt)
Authors: Wagelie Jennifer
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the titles The Things We Value: Culture and History in Solomon Islands edited by Ben Burt and Lissant Bolton and World Art: An Introduction to the Art in Artefacts by Ben Burt.
In the Spirit of the Ancestors: Contemporary Northwest Coast Art at the Burke Museum (Wright and Bunn-Marcuse, eds.)
Authors: Miller Jay
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the In the Spirit of the Ancestors: Contemporary Northwest Coast Art at the Burke Museum edited by Robin K. Wright and Kathryn Bunn-Marcuse.
Ancestors of Worthy Life: Plantation Slavery and Black Heritage at Mount Clare (Moyer)
Authors: Hartley Michael O.
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Ancestors of Worthy Life: Plantation Slavery and Black Heritage at Mount Clare by Teresa S. Moyer.
Visions from the Forests: The Art of Liberia and Sierra Leone
Authors: Stone Ruth M.
Published: September 2015

This work is a exhibition and catalogue review considering Visions from the Forests: The Art of Liberia and Sierra Leone.
Heritage Management In Korea and Japan: The Politics of Antiquity and Identity (Pai)
Authors: Akagawa Natsuko
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title Heritage Management In Korea and Japan: The Politics of Antiquity and Identity by Hyung Il Pai.
In Search of A Lost Avant-Garde: An Anthropologist Investigates the Contemporary Art Museum (Bunzl)
Authors: Smart Pamela G.
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title In Search of A Lost Avant-Garde: An Anthropologist Investigates the Contemporary Art Museum by Matti Bunzl.
Northwest Coast Indian Art: An Analysis of Form (Holm)
Authors: Smetzer Megan A.
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the 50th Anniversary Edition of Northwest Coast Indian Art: An Analysis of Form by Bill Holm.
History of Design: Decorative Arts and Material Culture 1400-2000 (Kirkham and Weber, eds.)
Authors: De la Haye Amy
Published: September 2015

This work is a book review considering the title History of Design: Decorative Arts and Material Culture 1400-2000 edited by Pat Kirkham and Susan Weber.
Перепутывание двух кубитов, взаимодействующих с одномодовым квантовым полем
Authors: Башкиров Евгений Константинович , Bashkirov Evgenii Konstantinovich , Мастюгин Михаил Сергеевич , Mastyugin Mikhail Sergeevich
Published: September 2015

В настоящей работе исследована динамика системы двух двухуровневых естественных или искусственных атомов, один из которых находится в идеальном резонаторе и взаимодействует с модой одномодового теплового поля, а второй свободно перемещается вне резонатора. Для описания динамики системы нами найдены собственные значения и собственные функции гамильтониана модели. С их помощью получено точное выражение для матрицы плотности в случае чистого начального состояния атомов и теплового состояния поля. Найдена редуцированная атомная матрица плотности. Проведено транспонирование атомной матрицы плотности по переменным одного кубита. С ее помощью рассчитан параметр Переса-Хородецких. Проведено численное моделирование параметра атомного перепутывания для различных начальных чистых состояний атомов и среднего числа фотонов в тепловой моде. Найдено, что тепловое поле может индуцировать высокую степень перепутывания кубитов в рассматриваемой модели. При этом имеется возможность управления и контроля за степенью перепутывания за счет изменения интенсивности диполь-дипольного взаимодействия кубитов и температуры резонатора. Показано, что максимальная степень перепутывания кубитов достигается для состояния, в котором возбужден только один из атомов.
Описание радиационных распадов $V\to P\gamma^{*}$ в различных формах
Пуанкаре-инвариантной квантовой механики
Authors: Крутов Александр Федорович , Krutov Alexander Fedorovich , Полежаев Роман Геннадьевич , Polezhaev Roman Gennadievich
Published: September 2015

Работа посвящена описанию радиационных распадов $V \to P \gamma^{*}$ в различных основных формах Пуанкаре-инвариантной квантовой механики (ПИКМ). Для построения матричного элемента электромагнитного тока перехода используется специальная процедура, удовлетворяющая условиям лоренц-ковариантности и сохранения. В качестве иллюстрации развитого формализма в модифицированном релятивистском импульсном приближении проведено описание радиационного перехода $\rho \to \pi \gamma^{*}$. Получено аналитическое выражение для переходного формфактора $F_{\pi \rho}(Q^2)$, совпадающее во всех формах ПИКМ. Выполнены численные расчеты переходного формфактора с двумя типами модельных волновых функций.
Рассеяние вихрей в абелевых моделях Хиггса на компактных римановых поверхностях
Authors: Пальвелев Роман Витальевич , Palvelev Roman Vital'evich
Published: September 2015

Абелевы модели Хиггса на римановых поверхностях являются естественным обобщением абелевой $(2+1)$-мерной модели Хиггса на плоскости, возникающей в теории сверхпроводимости. В модели на плоскости ранее было доказано, что при «медленном» движении двух вихрей (нулей поля Хиггса) после лобового столкновения они испытывают рассеяние под прямым углом, а при симметричном столкновении $N$ вихрей под равными углами происходит рассеяние на угол $\pi/N$. В критическом случае (при значении параметра модели, равном единице) этот результат можно получить с помощью так называемого адиабатического принципа, который утверждает, что динамические решения модели с малой кинетической энергией могут быть приближены геодезическими на пространстве модулей статических решений в метрике, задаваемой кинетической энергией (кинетической метрике). Адиабатический принцип в абелевой $(2+1)$-мерной модели Хиггса в критическом случае был недавно строго обоснован. Хотя явный вид метрики не удается выписать даже в случае двух вихрей, наличие требуемых геодезических удается установить, пользуясь гладкостью метрики в координатах, задаваемых симметрическими функциями положений вихрей, и свойствами симметрии метрики. Локальный аналог этого результата можно доказать, пользуясь только гладкостью кинетической метрики. Это позволяет предположить, что локальный вариант утверждения о рассеянии $N$ вихрей на угол $\pi/N$ при симметричном столкновении переносится на случай моделей на римановых поверхностях. В работе показано, что наличие геодезических кинетической метрики, описывающих требуемое поведение вихрей, в моделях на компактных римановых поверхностях следует из гладкости кинетической метрики в симметрических координатах в окрестности точек столкновения всех вихрей. Указанное свойство гладкости доказано в случае компактных римановых поверхностей. Применив адиабатический принцип для моделей на римановых поверхностях, можно получить утверждение о локальном рассеянии медленно движущихся вихрей в динамических моделях на компактных римановых поверхностях. К сожалению, этот адиабатический принцип еще нуждается в строгом обосновании.
Колебания балки с заделанными концами
Authors: Сабитов Камиль Басирович , Sabitov Kamil Basirovich
Published: September 2015

В работе изучена задача с начальными условиями для уравнения балки с заделанными концами. Доказаны теоремы единственности, существования и устойчивости поставленной задачи в классах регулярных и обобщенных решений. Решение начально-граничной задачи построено в виде суммы ряда по системе собственных функций одномерной спектральной задачи. У спектральной задачи найдены собственные значения как корни трансцендентного уравнения и соответствующая система собственных функций. Показано, что построенная система собственных функций является ортогональной и полной в пространстве $L_2$. На основании полноты системы собственных функций получена теорема единственности решения поставленной начально-граничной задачи для уравнения балки. Обобщенное решение определяется как предел последовательности регулярных решений задачи по среднеквадратичной норме по пространственной переменной.
О смешанном нагружении элементов конструкции с дефектом
Authors: Степанова Лариса Валентиновна , Stepanova Larisa Valentinovna , Яковлева Екатерина Михайловна , Yakovleva Ekaterina Michailovna
Published: September 2015

В статье рассматривается задача определения напряженно-деформированного состояния в окрестности вершины трещины в случае смешанного нагружения (нормальный отрыв и поперечный сдвиг) в полном диапазоне смешанных форм деформирования в условиях плоского напряженного состояния. Для построения асимптотического решения используется метод разложения по собственным функциям механических полей в окрестности вершины трещины. Показано, что проблема отыскания полей напряжений и деформаций в окрестности вершины трещины сводится к нелинейной задаче на собственные значения, где показатель степени расстояния от вершины трещины представляет собой собственное значение, а угловое распределение компонент тензора напряжений - собственные функции. Получено численное решение нелинейной задачи на собственные значения и найден весь спектр собственных значений. Найдены новые собственные значения, отличные от собственных значений классической задачи Хатчинсона-Райса-Розенгрена. Показано, что новое асимптотическое решение можно интерпретировать как автомодельно-промежуточную асимптотику поля напряжений на расстояниях, много меньших характерного линейного размера образца, но много больших характерного линейного размера области полностью поврежденного материала.
Rigorous geoid-from-quasigeoid correction using
gravity disturbances
Authors: Sjöberg Lars
Published: September 2015

We present rigorous solutions for the geoid-fromquasigeoid
correction (GQC) using Taylor expansions of
surface gravity disturbances along the vertical from the
Earth’s surface to the geoid. One solution takes advantage
of the topographic potential bias at the geoid, which can
be expressed by a simple formula. This implies that the accurate
GQC does not need a terrain correction.
Noise behavior in CGPS position time series: the
eastern North America case study
Authors: Goudarzi M. A. , Cocard M. , Santerre R.
Published: September 2015

We analyzed the noise characteristics of 112 continuously
operating GPS stations in eastern North America
using the Spectral Analysis and the Maximum Likelihood
Estimation (MLE) methods. Results of both methods
show that the combination ofwhite plus flicker noise is the
best model for describing the stochastic part of the position
time series. We explored this further using the MLE
in the time domain by testing noise models of (a) powerlaw,
(b)white, (c)white plus flicker, (d)white plus randomwalk,
and (e) white plus flicker plus random-walk. The results
show that amplitudes of all noise models are smallest
in the north direction and largest in the vertical direction.
While amplitudes of white noise model in (c–e) are
almost equal across the study area, they are prevailed by
the flicker and Random-walk noise for all directions. Assuming
flicker noise model increases uncertainties of the
estimated velocities by a factor of 5–38 compared to the
white noise model.
Changes in cellular immune responses of Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) due to pyriproxyfen treatment
Authors: Mirhaghparast Seyyedeh Kimia , Zibaee Arash , Hoda Hassan , Sendi Jalal Jalali
Published: September 2015

The effects of pyriproxyfen were determined on the cellular immunity and phenoloxidase activity in the 4th instar larvae of Chilo suppressalis Walker. The bioassay results revealed the effective concentrations of: 10L : 18C, 30L : 72C and 50L : 190C μg · ml−1. The sole effect of 18 and 72 μg · ml−1 concentrations at intervals of 1–3 h caused a higher number of total hemocytes in the treated larvae than the control, but the reverse results were observed after 6–24 h. The number of plasmatocytes was lower than that of the control for intervals of 3–24 h but the number of granulocytes was higher than the control after 1–3 h although no significant differences were observed at the other times. In the treated larvae, the activities of phenoloxidase were higher and lower than those of the control after 1–3 h and 6–24 h, respectively. The combined effects of pyriproxyfen and the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana isolate B3 caused higher numbers of total hemocytes, plasmatocytes, and granulocytes in the treated larvae by use of the three concentrations of pyriproxyfen, at intervals of 6 and 12 h. Although the numbers of nodules in the larvae treated with concentrations of 18 μg · ml−1 were higher than those of other treatments, the overall numbers were lower than those of the control. Finally, the activity of phenoloxidase in the treated larvae was higher than that of the control, at intervals of 6 and 12 h post-treatment. Findings of the current study indicate an intervening role of pyriproxyfen in the cellular immunity of C. suppressalis to entomopathogenic objects.
Chemicals with a natural reference for controlling water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
Authors: El-Shahawy Tarek Abd El-Ghafar
Published: September 2015

Life cannot exist without water. Appropriate management of water, from the water’s source to its utilization, is necessary to sustain life. Aquatic weeds pose a serious threat to aquatic environments and related eco-environments. Short- and long-term planning to control aquatic weeds is extremely important. Water hyacinth,Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms, is one of the world’s worst pests with a bad reputation as an invasive weed. In this study we are seeking the possibility of using certain chemicals with a natural background, for controlling water hyacinth since there is a delicate balance that needs to be taken into account when using herbicides in water. Five compounds, namely: acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, and propionic acid, in three concentrations (10, 15, and 20%) were applied (i.e. as a foliar application under wire-house conditions) and compared with the use of the herbicide glyphosate (1.8 kg ∙ ha−1). All of the five compounds performed well in the control of the water hyacinth. As expected, the efficacy increased as the concentration was increased from 10 to 20%. With formic and propionic acids, the plants died earlier than when the other acids or the herbicide glyphosate, were used. Acetic acid came after formic and propionic acids in terms of efficacy. Citric acid ranked last. Formic acid/propionic acid mixtures showed superior activity in suppressing water hyacinth growth especially at the rate of (8 : 2) at the different examined concentrations (3 or 5 or 10%) compared to the formic acid/acetic acid mixtures. Using the formic acid/propionic acid mixture (8 : 2; at 3%) in the open field, provided good control and confirmed the viability of these chemicals in the effective control of water hyacinth. Eventually, these chemical treatments could be used on water for controlling water hyacinth. In the future, these chemicals could probably replace the traditional herbicides widely used in this regard. These chemicals are perceived as environmentally benign for their rapid degradation to carbon dioxide and water. For maximum efficiency thorough coverage especially in bright sunlight is essential.
Performance Assessment of Food Safety Training Programme: Use of Tools
Authors: Iancu Ramona Maria , Tiţa Mihaela Adriana , Çalap Hakan
Published: September 2015

The objective of the European Union's food safety policy is to protect consumer health and interests. The existing education systems in EU are in need of innovative learning tools, in order to provide a quality training of future staff, from food sector, to be able to put European food safety policy into practice. The structure of this study is a vocational e-learning training program which aims to develop learning tools by which students, unemployed people and young workers would acquire the key competencies in the field of food services and food industry. The participants to this vocational e-learning training program were from Sibiu area. In this project there were enrolled 137 participants, 52 students and 85 unemployed people and workers. At the end, we evaluate the knowledge gained for each participant by applying tests and questionnaires. The results were positive due to the good quality of the content provided by the learning material, and the easy access to information. The purpose of this training was to understand the participant’s needs and how the quality of their knowledge influences purchasing choice regarding the food safety
The Influence of Aroma Compounds on Senzorial Traits of Wines From the Apold Depression
Authors: Lengyel Ecaterina , Sikolya László
Published: September 2015

The present study aims at investigating aroma compounds in three wine varietals (Pinot gris, Traminer roz, Riesling) from Apold, the county of Sibiu, production of 2014, and their importance in realizing the sensorial profile of wines. Thus, it is ascertained that Traminer roz contains the highest amount of esters - 583.846 mg/L, a value that leads to the sensorial identification of floral and fruity notes. Higher alcohols determined through chromatography imprint specific traits to Pinot gris wines: bittersweet, floral notes validated through the determined amount (479.449 mg/L). Another wine trait is the concentration of higher fatty acids which reach an amount of 252.667 mg/L in Riesling wines, conferring distinctive floral notes. The concentration of aldehydes reaches 38 mg/L in Pinot gris wine, 32.996 mg/L in Traminer roz wine; these balanced, low values do not have a negative influence on sensorial traits of these wines. Terpenes compounds are represented by nerol and α-terpineol, whose values confer rose, lemon verbena and fruity notes, especially in the case of Traminer roz.
Food Safety Through Application of an E-Learning Platform
Authors: Tita Mihaela Adriana , Ketney Otto , Loreta Tamosaitiene
Published: September 2015

The paper investigates the effectiveness of a continuing online education course for the professionals, who provides information on the food safety working group from "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, formed by students (specialization: Engineering and Management in Public Food and Agro-tourism), persons looking for a job (unemployed) and people who works in the food industry. Piloting materials was made both face to face and online. The knowledges was measured using evaluation tests after each lesson and through a final assessment test. The results of the promotion rate was over 90%, which indicates a high efficiency in terms of piloting materials adapted by teachers from the "Lucian Blaga" University.
Perspectives on Sustainable Development in the Context of Public Health Issues
Authors: Racz Ioana-Codruta
Published: September 2015

Health is an integral part of sustainable development, a process that can’t be materialized if there is a high prevalence of diseases, a high percentage of those is due to environmental factors. An important component of health is the healthy nutrition, especially of children and pregnant women. Iodine is an essential micronutrient for a good nutrition that covers the physiological needs of the body, iodine deficiency having important consequences for mother and fetus, then for children, especially in the first years of life. The main role of iodine in the body is due to his importance for synthesis of thyroid hormones involved in growth and development of psychic and somatic body, starting with intrauterine life. Iodine deficiency was, and still is, a public health problem, globally the most affected countries are in Central Africa, central South America and northern Asia. Europe iodine deficiency is relatively lower. Multiple interventions were made to improve and even eradicate iodine deficiency disorders, in particular through the universal iodization of salt for human consumption, but must be supported in continuing efforts because this issue is not fully resolved to this day.
From Sustainable Development to Personalised Healthcare. The Role of Institutions in the Sustainable Development of the Healthcare Systems
Authors: Batâr Sergiu Constantin
Published: September 2015

The current issues concerning healthcare institutions are generated by: aging of the population; the increase in prevalence of non-communicable diseases, even in low/medium income countries; the continuous increase of indirect costs generated by chronic diseases; the necessity of new- patient-specific oriented therapies; the need of translation of fundamental research into practice; need of applicability of prevention strategies; an important segment of the working population becomes inactive; migration of healthcare professionals.

An essential condition for the sustainable development of any community is the health and the maintenance of the health of its population, and it is essential that the institutions involved in the process adapt to the constant change of the society: the medical academia not only develops health professionals, but conducts research, helps implementing healthcare programmes, develops future strategies, and influences the political systems; the hospitals need to adapt to growing populations; the communities should be involved in out-patient healthcare and prevention of diseases; governmental institutions adapt to the concept of sustainable development in various ways: funding fundamental research, applying nation-wide programmes for prevention and care, help of disadvantaged population, funding medical universities.
Multifractal characteristics of titanium nitride thin films
Authors: Ţălu Ştefan , Stach Sebastian , Valedbagi Shahoo , Bavadi Reza , Elahi S. Mohammad , Ţălu Mihai
Published: September 2015

The study presents a multi-scale microstructural characterization of three-dimensional (3-D) micro-textured surface of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films prepared by reactive DC magnetron sputtering in correlation with substrate temperature variation. Topographical characterization of the surfaces, obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis, was realized by an innovative multifractal method which may be applied for AFM data. The surface micromorphology demonstrates that the multifractal geometry of TiN thin films can be characterized at nanometer scale by the generalized dimensions Dq and the singularity spectrum f(α). Furthermore, to improve the 3-D surface characterization according with ISO 25178-2:2012, the most relevant 3-D surface roughness parameters were calculated. To quantify the 3-D nanostructure surface of TiN thin films a multifractal approach was developed and validated, which can be used for the characterization of topographical changes due to the substrate temperature variation.
Controlled fluoridation of amorphous carbon films deposited at reactive plasma conditions
Authors: Yoffe Alexander , Zon Ilya , Feldman Yishay , Shelukhin Victor
Published: September 2015

A study of the correlations between plasma parameters, gas ratios, and deposited amorphous carbon film properties is presented. The injection of a C4F8/Ar/N2 mixture of gases was successfully used in an inductively coupled plasma system for the preparation of amorphous carbon films with different fluoride doping at room-temperature, using silicon as a substrate. This coating was formed at low-pressure and low-energy using an inductively coupled plasma process. A strong dependence between the ratios of gases during deposition and the composition of the substrate compounds was shown. The values of ratios between Ar (or Ar+N2) and C4F8 - 1:1 and between N2 and Ar - 1:2 in the N2/Ar/C4F8 mixture were found as the best for low fluoridated coatings. In addition, an example of improving the etch-passivation in the Bosch procedure was described. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy options, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectivity were used for quantitative analysis of the deposited films.
Electrical scanning probe microscopy of electronic and photonic devices: connecting internal mechanisms with external measures
Authors: Ban Dayan , Wen Boyu , Dhar Rudra Sankar , Razavipour Seyed Ghasem , Xu Chao , Wang Xueren , Wasilewski Zbig , Dixon-Warren Sinjin
Published: September 2015

The inner workings of semiconductor electronic and photonic devices, such as dopants, free charge carriers, electric potential, and electric field, are playing a crucial role in the function and performance of the devices. Electrical scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques have been developed and deployed to measure, with nanometric spatial resolution and high quantitative accuracy, the two-dimensional profiles of dopant, potential, electric field, and free carrier distribution, within unbiased and/or operating electronic and photonic devices. In this review paper, we summarize our latest SPM experimental results, including the scanning spreading resistance microscopy and scanning capacitance microscopy of terahertz quantum cascade lasers, scanning capacitance microscopy of non-volatile memory devices, scanning voltage microscopy of terahertz quantum cascade lasers, and scanning voltage microscopy of interband cascade lasers. Interpretation of the measured quantities are presented and calibrated, demonstrating that important internal physical quantities and inner mechanisms of device operation can be uncovered. It reveals that the novel SPM techniques would find more applications to the emerging semiconductor quantum devices and nanoelectronics.
Effect of lead on germination and some morphological and physiological parameters of 10-day-old seedlings of various plant species / Wpływ ołowiu na kiełkowanie i niektóre parametry morfologiczne i fizjologiczne w 10-dniowych siewkach różnych gatunków roślin
Authors: Sędzik Maja , Smolik Beata , Krupa-Małkiewicz Marcelina
Published: September 2015

Among the heavy metals, lead (Pb) is one of the most common environmental pollutants. This study examines the effect of 1 mM lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2 on the germination index, morphological parameters (root length, shoot length, fresh biomass and tolerance index) and physiological parameters (proline, total chlorophyll and carotenoids) in the leaves of 10-day-old seedlings of various species of crop plants under laboratory conditions. All results, when compared to control, showed Pb adversely affecting the morphological and physiological parameters of the test plants. Among the 12 studied plants, three species (pumpkin, rye and wheat) presented high tolerance to Pb compared to the other test plants. The most sensitive to Pb exposure were radish, barley, tomato and alfalfa
Description of pupal instars of Kermes quercus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Kermesidae)
Authors: Podsiadło Elżbieta
Published: September 2015

The third instar male (prepupa) and fourth instar male (pupa) of Kermes quercus are described and illustrated, with the differences between them being indicated. The prepupa has a broadly oval, membranous body, with indistinct segmentation, 9-segmented antennae, 3-segmented legs, anterior wing-buds extending to about the base of the metathoracic legs, and a broadly rounded medial penial lobe. The pupa has an elongate oval body, with more distinct segmentation and more strongly developed appendages: 10-segmented antennae, 5-segmented legs, wing-buds extending laterally past the coxa of the metathoracic legs, and a long, triangular penial lobe.