bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foetal hydrops: new challenges
Authors: Vareda Catarina , Camacho Catarina , Cunha Inês , Lopes Cátia , Pina Raquel , Lai Ana , Vilela Marisa , Mendes Fernando , Martins Diana
Published: August 2021

Background

Foetal Hydrops (FH) is an abnormal accumulation of fluid inside two or more serous cavities and may be linked with polyhydramnios and/or placental oedema. It has been correlated with several causes such foetal anaemia, chromosomal anomalies, congenital abnormalities, infections, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and maternal causes such as diabetes. Regardless the advances in diagnosis and therapy, the overall perinatal mortality rate remains high. Thereby, the main goal is to evaluate the autopsy findings including between 2010 and 2019.

Methods

105 cases including perinatal and new-born autopsies with different gestation stages were studied, in order to understand the macroscopic and microscopic events that can elucidate FH.

Results

Macroscopically, a large number of foetuses demonstrated oedema effusions and intrauterine growth restriction. Regarding placenta, the most common macroscopic finding is oedema, such as described in the literature. Nodules and hemorrhagic areas are the new findings observed. Oedema remains the most relevant microscopic finding, whereas unspecified villi alterations and trophoblast pseudoinclusions were the new findings.

Conclusions

The results allowed the identification of new characteristics that can contribute to the knowledge of this foetal condition that remains a challenge. Future studies need to focus on identifying strategies for diagnosis and treatment is critical for foetal hydrops.
Elderly malnutrition: brachial and leg perimeter as indicators of early intervention
Authors: Alexandre Bárbara , Damas Maria , Lima João
Published: August 2021

Background

The aged population are often malnourished especially if they live in a Nursing Home (NH) due to their health status, depression and environmental factors. An early and accurate diagnosis of malnutrition is essential so the nutritional therapy can be started as soon as possible. The aim is to study the relationship between the degree of malnutrition in aged population living in two NH and anthropometric measures like brachial perimeter (BP) and leg (PP).

Methods

Were included elderly people aged ≥65 years. The nutritional assessment status was through the application of the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS software with a descriptive and inferential analysis. The level of critical significance chosen was 5%.

Results

83 seniors of both genders (78.3% female) were evaluated with a middle age of 83.4 ± 7.9 years. The application of MNA revealed that 33.7% of the seniors are in malnutrition risk and 43.4% malnourished. Older elderly people (P = 0.03) with less mobility (r = -0.722; P < 0.001) and bigger food dependency (r = -0.674; P < 0.001) have a higher risk of malnutrition. Individuals with lower BP (P = 0.024) and PP (P < 0.001) are more likely to be malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, and those who are more dependent on food, a lower PP (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

In the impossibility of applying MNA, BP and PP can be measured in the admission of the user, as determining factors of malnutrition, for an earlier intervention, despite the fact that the nutritionist’s presence in these institutions is crucial
Evaluation of precautionary measures for COVID-19 in a work environment with multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors: Martins Douglas , Rangel Lucas , Vianna Marcilene , Vianna Dalessandro
Published: August 2021

Background

In December 2019 in China, the COVID-19 pandemic process began. From this milestone, it is clear the relevance of the analysis of control and prevention measures used to combat this disease in a work environment. The objective of this study is to evaluate the main precautionary measures in COVID-19 administrative services, using three techniques of multi-criteria decision making.

Methods

This study was conducted in four stages. In the first stage, there was the characterization of an administrative services company as an analytical model. In the second stage, some prevention measures were defined as choices and their evaluation criteria. The alternatives were: use of masks; use of gel alcohol; handwashing; hygiene of workstations and bathrooms; use of individual utensils; physical-social distance; and education (training on prevention). The criteria were: reduction of the probability of transmission by contact; practicality of behavioral adaptation; and monthly cost. In the third stage, a decision matrix was constructed relating the selected choices and criteria. In the fourth stage there was the application of the techniques PROMETHEE I, PROMETHEE II and ELECTRE III to prioritize the selected prevention measures.

Results

After the comparative analysis of the results of the applied techniques, it was possible to strongly advise four of the seven measures chosen: use of masks; use of gel alcohol; physical-social distance and education.

Conclusions

The methodology used in this study can support decision-making with the selection of more efficient actions in the preservation of the health and work capacity of workers, and in the optimization of corporate financial resources.
Gender inequality in the care economy before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Union European and Latin America and Caribbean
Authors: Ximenes Ana Carênina Albuquerque , Ximenes Helena Maria Albuquerque , Macedo Ana Angélica Mathias , Mendes Fernando
Published: August 2021

Background

The pandemic drove the women to domestic tasks overload added by unpaid care activities that must be conciliated with their paid job. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the degree of the Objectives for Sustainable Development (ODS) Goal 5 performance that deals with gender inequality in the European Union (EU) and Latin America & Caribbean (LAC), due to their contrasts in the pandemic combat public policies and the social wealth constraints.

Methods

The study used a qualitative and exploratory methodology. The data were obtained from the European Institute for Gender Equality, UN Women, Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Social Science Latin-American Conseil.

Results

In LAC women work three times more than men per day, considering the domestic tasks and the unpaid care activities, they also account for 72.8% of the health professionals receiving 25% less than men. The primary health assistance increase for women as well as the recording of domestic violence cases. In the EU the majority of health and care workers are also women, 76% and 86%, respectively. There, these women also receive less than men (6.5%), presenting excessive workload and life risk.

Conclusions

Impacting differences were observed on the gender inequality worsening in both studied regions after the pandemic beginning. It is urgent the establishment of proper public policies to minimize the excess of obligations on the women during the pandemic and to realign the ODS goal n° 5 in these regions.
Development of an assistive device for adaptive cycling
Authors: Almeida Rúben , Amaro Paulo , Roseiro Luis
Published: August 2021

Background

Biomechanics literature has widely recognised the importance of creating modifying conditions for Sports for Persons with Disabilities, such as assistive devices. In this context, it is key that the motor function capacity and physical limitations of each person be taken into due account, leading to highly personalised equipment. This project optimised an assistive device for an adaptive cyclist that rides only with the right leg due to a transtibial amputation on the left leg, which remains supported by the assistive device, classifying him as C2 category for competitions, according to Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI). The purpose was to improve the comfort, ergonomics, and safety of the cyclist.

Methods

Reverse engineering, 3D modelling and manufacturing were the methodology applied to design the device with a crank-arm, a quick step-in pedal type clamp system, a carbon fibre composite shell, adapting the pedal position to support the cyclist stump, and an aluminium alloy 7075-T6 component to anchor to the seat post, providing stability to his body.

Results

The device which provided stability to the athlete's body was submitted to static and dynamic laboratory tests and real-life (in-track) try-outs. The developed clump system guarantees the athlete’s comfort and safety by automatically detaching him from the bicycle in case of fall.

Conclusions

The assistive device proved to be determinant for the athlete’s performance due the improvement of the comfort, ergonomics, and safety provided to the cyclist. Thus, qualifying him for the Tokyo 2021 Paralympic Games.
Cathlab department diagnostic reference levels and trigger values analysis
Authors: Cortez Angela , Santos Joana , Costa João , Paulo Graciano
Published: August 2021

Background

This study aims to assess the examination dose values in interventional cardiology procedures to establish diagnostic reference levels and analyse number of procedures that exceed trigger values.

Methods

Data about the procedure type, operator identification, procedure access, patient characteristics (gender, age and weight), fluoroscopy time (min), Kerma Area Product - PKA (Gy.cm2), was retrospectively collected, for a period of 12 months. Patients were categorised in three weight groups: low ( < 65 kg), standard (65–75kg) and high ( > 75 kg).

Results

he majority of the 2540 examinations were diagnostic procedures (65%) and the more common access was via the right radial artery (92%). Significant differences (P < 0.05) in fluoroscopy time and PKA values, between procedure access, patient weight group and type of procedure were found. The trigger level of PKA ( > 300Gy.cm2) value was exceeded in 0.5% of the procedures, lower than the incidence found in the literature. The local DRL values for diagnostic and therapeutical procedures were respectively 39 and 111 Gy.cm2, in line with values published in the literature.

Conclusions

The dose distribution is in line with the ones found in the literature. The percentage of patients that exceed one of trigger levels is lower when compared with the literature, however a patient follow-up plan should be established.
The impact of lack of affection and poor social ties in the nurses work environment: evidence from a Portuguese sample
Authors: Ferreira Margarida , Vidal Diogo Guedes , Ferreira Carlos , Gregório Susana
Published: August 2021

Background

Significant evidence has pointed out the positive impact of caring with love. Nurses are the healthcare professionals whose love gives a self–sacrificing spirit. However, little is still know about how lack of affection and unhealthy social ties affects Nurses in the work environment. This study sought to explore the association between affection, social ties and work environment.

Methods

Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study conducted with 36 Nurses of a private hospital in a city of Porto, Portugal. The ‘Fantastic Lifestyle’ and ‘Nursing Practice Work Environment’ scales, adapted and validated to the Portuguese population, with good internal consistency and reliability, were applied. The study was conducted between February and March 2020. Statistical analyses were performed through SPSS.

Results

Female nurses (80.6%), single (61.1%) and with an average age of 29 years (SD = 5.15) prevailed. 94.4% almost always have someone to talk to about important matters and 88.9% report that they almost always gave and received affection. Weak social ties negatively affect the perception that doctors and nurses have a good working relationship (χ2 = 8.145; P = 0.043) and collaboration (χ2 = 8.145; P = 0.043), resulting in a depreciation of colleagues skills (χ2 = 8.603; P = 0.014). Lack of affection negatively affects the perception of doctors and nurses collaboration (χ2 = 17.708; P = 0.001), the updating of nursing care plans (χ2 = 9.267; P = 0.008) and the relevance of nursing diagnosis applicability (χ2 = 7.650; P = 0.022).

Conclusions

Findings encourage the need to pay attention to nurses’ affection level and social ties strengthen, once the imbalance of one of these dimensions negatively influences the quality of work environment, impacting the quality of health care provided.
Analysis of hemodynamics response in prefrontal cortex during motor and cognitive dual-task—fNIR study
Authors: Saraiva Marina , Vilas-Boas João Paulo , Castro Maria António
Published: August 2021

Background

Most of the processes occurring in the human body, need brain oxygenation. Motor and cognitive systems require neural resources and during a dual-task performance the demand on the brain increases. This study aimed to analyse the brain activation in static postural control during motor and cognitive dual-tasks.

Methods

Using Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIR), brain activity (oxygenated hemoglobin concentration ([HbO2]), deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration ([HHb]), oxygenation difference hemoglobin concentration changes (HbOxy = HbO2 – HHb), total hemoglobin (HbTotal = HbO2 + HHb)) were measured in thirty-three young adults (age = 23.12 ± 3.86 years, mean ± SD) during three conditions: in a postural task, quiet standing (single motor task), quiet standing while performing a concurrent motor task - answer the smartphone (motor dual-task) and quiet standing while performing a concurrent cognitive task—arithmetic and memory tasks (cognitive dual-task). After data processing, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison.

Results

We found increased [HbO2] in young adults while performing cognitive dual-task compared to the single motor task and motor dual-task (P < 0.05). HbOxy differences between cognitive and motor dual-task were found (P < 0.05). No significant differences between single and motor dual-task in [HbO2] were observed.

Conclusions

Hemodynamic activity in the prefrontal cortex was significantly increased in cognitive dual-task compared to the single motor task. Pre-frontal hemodynamics appear not to be influenced by the number of motor tasks performed while the opposite occurs for the cognitive ones which may arise because the demand in the prefrontal cortex is greater in cognitive tasks while during the motor tasks the [HbO2] is recruited elsewhere.
Quality of life of students in polytechnic higher education at the Santarem and Leiria: the impact of COVID-19
Authors: Figueiredo Maria do Carmo , Amendoeira José , Rosa Marta , Matos Rui , Silva Mário , Gonzaga Luís
Published: August 2021

Background

The epidemic of COVID-19 caused by the Coronavirus -SARS-CoV-2, was declared by the World Health Organization an International Public Health Emergency. The 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic has affected educational systems worldwide, leading to the closure of educational institutions. This situation kept students socially distant, with little adaptation time, interfering with their quality of life.

Methods

The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life of higher education students in the face of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. 775 students were selected by convenience sampling. Study with a quantitative, descriptive, correlational approach. The WHOQOL-bref instrument adapted from WHO was applied. Data analysis was undertaken using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 27.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.

Results

Students' self-assessment about Quality of Life is globally superior to the self-assessment with their satisfaction with health, where the female students have lower average values than the male students. The WHOQOL-bref domains referring to Quality of Life with higher values were the Physical and the Environment ones, with the Social Relations and Psychological domains having the lowest values.

Conclusions

The development of this study made it possible to achieve the objective set. The domain of social relations has low average values, with students from IPSantarem standing out, with lower self-assessment of QoL in this domain, compared to those from IPLeiria. In the psychological domain, the low average values in both institutes stand out, especially in IPLeiria, where the average is less than 50%, in both genders.
High-risk HPV genotypes and cervical lesions association in postmenopausal women
Authors: da Costa Ana Rita Fernandes Miranda , Sousa Cláudia , Isidoro Erica , Silva Regina , Mourato Cristiana
Published: August 2021

Background

Persistent infection by high-risk Human Papillomavirus (hrHPV) are the major cause of cervical cancer. Studies report disparities in the incidence of infection and the various genotypes of this virus in different age groups, suggesting a higher frequency of hrHPV in young women and low-risk subtypes being predominant in older women. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and distribution of hrHPV genotypes in postmenopausal women as well as the correlation with the cytological findings.

Methods

16 859 women, aged 50–64 years, performed cervical cancer screening test in Friuri Venezia Giulia region, Italy. The infection was evaluated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction methodology and the positive samples were evaluated by Liquid Based Cytology according to the Bethesda System from 2014. A statistical analysis was performed to study the molecular and cytological data of this population.

Results

hrHPV infection were found in 5.8% of the women and 78.3% of these were caused by hrHPV other than HPV16 and HPV18 (). Also, 65.7% of the positive samples were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy while low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was the most frequent (22.4%). There was an increase in the number of high-grade intraepithelial lesions in the presence of HPV16 compared to that recorded when this genotype was absent (20.8% vs. 8.5%). No cervical cancers were detected.

Conclusions

Infection with hrHPV is uncommon in postmenopausal women and it is mostly caused by subtypes less associated with the development of cervical cancer. Yet, HPV16 infection triggers the development of high-grade lesions.
Stay close to urban green spaces: current evidence on cultural ecosystem services provision
Authors: Vidal Diogo Guedes , Teixeira Catarina Patoilo , Dias Ricardo Cunha , Fernandes Cláudia Oliveira , Filho Walter Leal , Barros Nelson , Maia Rui Leandro
Published: August 2021

Background

Research suggests that access to urban green spaces (UGS) is crucial to support public and environmental health through ecosystem services (ES) provision. However, Cultural ecosystem services (CES), due to their connections to human emotion, a deep meaning, fulfilment, and motivation, have been less studied. CES provision in UGS are central to well-being, contributing to improving mental and physical health outcomes, as well as enhancing social cohesion. Accordingly, this systematic review aims to contribute to a better understanding of CES provision by UGS.

Methods

A systematic review was carried out in ScienceDirect (Article type = Research articles, years = 2000–2020), PubMed (Article type = journal article, text availability = Full text, year = 2000–2020) and Google Scholar (year = 2000–2020) databases. The keywords used in the search were: ‘urban green space’ OR ‘parks’ AND ‘cultural ecosystem service’ OR ‘cultural services’.

Results

The search returned 5417 results. After the screening process, 41 articles were reviewed. CES are mainly studied in Europe in the fields of social sciences and landscape management, linking human well-being, urban landscape management, and planning. The dimensions studied are (i) perception and assessment, (ii) recreation and mental and physical health, (iii) aesthetic appreciation/inspiration for culture, art, and design, (iv) tourism, and (v) spiritual experience and sense of place.

Conclusions

The study points out to the need for efforts to develop relational approaches to help understand what UGS users feel and experience. In particular, how UGS contribute towards promoting healthier and sustainable cities, and to fostering the well-being of people of all ages.
Universal API for wellness and fitness BLE sensors
Authors: Ferreira Emanuel , Roseiro Luís , Páris César
Published: August 2021

Background

A number of Bluetooth wellness and fitness devices were analysed to explore ways to access their raw data, using Bluetooth and the Generic Attribute Profile specification, while developing a Rest API using the .Net Core framework to provide a way to easily access said data in real time, in order to provide it to other uses, like dashboards or data science applications.

Methods

Two Bluetooth Low Energy devices were chosen for this experiment for their ability to record and transmit heart rate data in real-time, and as such our primary focus during development would be in obtaining this raw data. After collecting all the services and characteristics of the device, a method was implemented to read a value from a particular characteristic uuid, in our case the heart rate measurement. The resulting values obtained from the API follows the format specified in the corresponding XML file of the Bluetooth-SIG specification.

Results

The developed API worked as expected and provided useful information to advance its development to cover more devices, services, and features. We were able to obtain data not only from Heart Rate Monitoring, but also from the Battery Service and Device Information.

Conclusions

With these results it will be possible to expand the compatibility of the API to other devices, and also to other services present on the devices analysed, which were not considered in this preliminary analysis. The ultimate goal is the integration of this API on a rehabilitation oriented device being developed for this project.
Nanomaterials for magnetic hyperthermia
Authors: Graça Manuel Pedro , Soreto Silvia , Gavinho Silvia , Valente Manuel , Salgueiro Cristiane , Nunes José , Soares Paula , Lança Maria , Vieira Tania , Silva Jorge , Borges João
Published: August 2021

Background

Cancer remains as one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. Recent advances in nanoparticles based therapy mark a new era on cancer treatment. Many groups have investigated biological/physical effects of nanoparticles on tumour cells and how these vary with physical parameters such as particle size, shape, concentration and distribution. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) can be an alternative or an add-value therapy with demonstrated effectiveness. MHT uses magnetic nanoparticles, which can be directly applied to the tumour, where, by applying an external ac magnetic field, will promote a localized temperature increment that can be controlled.

Methods

LiFe5O8 nanocrystallites were synthesized by a novel and eco-friendly sol-gel process, using powder coconut water (PCW) has a mediated reaction medium. The dried powders were heat-treated between 400 and 1000 °C, being analysed their structure, morphology and magnetic properties; cytotoxicity and magnetic hyperthermia assays were performed.

Results

The heat-treated LiFe5O8 powder led to crystallite sizes from 50 nm to 200 nm. Increasing the temperature of the heat treatment, secondary phases tend to disappear. The cytotoxicity results revealed a non-cytotoxicity property, for concentrations below 5 mg/mL. The sample HT at 1000 °C, revealed hysteresis and magnetic saturation of 73 emu.g−1 at 300 K and a specific absorption rate(SAR) of about 80 W/g.

Conclusions

It was possible to synthesize LiFe5O8 by a novel, eco-friendly and sustainable route. The nanoparticles have a high heat efficiency, especially the sample heat-treated at 1000 °C, with SAR values similar to Fe3O4, showing potential to be used in the treatment of cancer, by MHT.
LDHA and CPT2 association with therapy resistance in prostate cancer
Authors: Vieira F Q , Cardoso A R , Gigliano D , Carneiro I , Henrique R , Jerónimo C , Silva R A
Published: August 2021

Background

The aerobic glycolysis as energy source in cancer confers a selective advantage for its proliferation and survival. Previous in vitro studies demonstrated that treatment with [C16Pyr][Amp], a potential anti-cancer drug in prostate, decreased the transcript levels of LDHA and CPT2, both involved in metabolic plasticity. In fact, LDHA and CPT2 were reported to be overexpressed in cancer, with association with poor prognosis and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Since LDHA and CPT2 can be potential therapy resistance biomarkers, the aim of this work was to assess LDHA and CPT2 expression using PCa tissues.

Methods

LDHA and CPT2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 57 PCa tissues, 24 from patients that developed resistance to hormonal therapy and 33 without therapy resistance. For both proteins, percentage of positive tumor cells, intensity of immunostaining, and immunoexpression pattern was determined by a blinded manner. Comparisons between therapy variables and protein expression were assessed using the Chi square test. P < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.

Results

LDHA expression is significantly associated with therapy resistance (P < 0.001). Moreover, CPT2 pattern’s immunoexpression is also associated with therapy resistant (P < 0.001), being cytoplasmatic expression most frequent in patients that respond to therapy (41%), whereas both nuclear and cytoplasmatic expression is more prevalent in therapy-resistant cases (48%).

Conclusions

LDHA overexpression is significantly associated with therapy resistance in PCa cases, while CPT2 cell expression distribution might be a predictive marker.
Correlation between endocrine function, inflammation, body composition, cardiorespiratory and muscular function in coronary patients
Authors: Gonçalves Catarina , Bravo Jorge , Abreu Ana , Raimundo Armando
Published: August 2021

Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the most prevalent illnesses worldwide, causing substantial mortality, morbidity and hospitalization. Understanding the correlation of thyroid function and glycemic metabolism and inflammation to body composition and cardiorespiratory and muscular function is imperative. This manuscript's main goal is to evaluate the association of thyroid function and glycemic metabolism to body mass composition and cardiovascular fitness (CRF) and muscular function in a group of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Methods

To examine cross-sectional associations of thyroid function, glycemia, hemoglobin A1c (HgA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP) with CRF, muscular function and body mass composition. Forty-five stable CAD patients were enrolled (aged 54.9 ± 10.0 years). Participants were assessed for body composition (DXA®), muscle strength (Biodex®), cardiorespiratory fitness (6-minute walking test) and blood biomarkers, including [CRP, Tyrode Hormones higher free thyroxine (FT4), lower total triiodothyronine (FT3) and metabolic parameters]. The Pearson correlation and t-test statistical measures were used for associations between thyroid function, glycemia, insulin, HgA1c and CRF/muscle strength, body composition.

Results

We found significant inter-correlations between body fat and FT4 (P < 0.01), HgA1c (P = 0.01), insulin (P = 0.01) and blood glucose (P = 0.05); lean mass and FT3 (P = 0.001); and a negative inter-correlation between C-reactive protein and knee extensor and flexor isokinetic peak torques (P < 0.01), and cardiorespiratory fitness (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our findings showed that THs function and body mass fat, HgA1c, blood glucose, insulin and CRP were associated with the CRF, muscle strength or body composition. These results highlight the importance of endocrine and metabolic mechanisms concerning CRF and muscle strength in a group of patients with CAD.
Family caregiver support—a facilitator to empower family caregivers
Authors: Fernandes Sílvia , Portugal Paula , Mullins Lhara , Power Martin , Letica-Crepulja Marina , Stevanović Aleksandra , Frančišković Tanja , Silva Regina A
Published: August 2021

Background

Mental disorders are highly prevalent, placing an enormous burden on individuals, society and economy. Research shows that family members who provide care to individuals with chronic or disabling mental conditions are themselves at risk. As a response to this problem, the project ‘Family Caregiver Support - Strategies and tools to promote the mental and emotional health of caregivers’ emerged, funded by Erasmus + Program and carried out by 8 European partners including ESS|P.PORTO.

Objectives

To empower family members as caregivers and to give them access to relevant medical information and to psychological support for their own needs.

Methods

A Guide and a Resource Pack concerning 9 important mental health disorders were developed. An interactive e-platform and a mobile App were developed to make available these materials. Validation of the products was carried out, in each country, by caregivers and health/social care professionals through online questionnaires. Data were collected and processed in an anonymous manner, and the confidentiality was ensured.

Results

In Portugal, 98% of respondents (25 caregivers/citizens interested on subject, and 25 health/social care professionals), consider the accessibility and attractivity of the platform very good or excellent; and more than 90% consider materials very effective for the caregiver’s empowerment. Some issues were identified to add to Resource Pack.

Conclusions

Data from partners is being processed but there is already strong evidence of the usability and efficacy of the project’s outcome, and a strong contribution was done for adult education concerning physical, mental and emotional health promotion of family caregivers.
Fetal MRI vs. fetal ultrasound in the diagnosis of pathologies of the central nervous system
Authors: Pimentel Inês , Costa João , Tavares Óscar
Published: August 2021

Background

Malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) constitute the 2nd most common group of fetal pathologies, which can be reflected throughout the patient's life. Fetal ultrasound (US), together with fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are extremely important techniques for the diagnosis of CNS malformations. The objective of this work was to address fetal US and fetal MRI, as well as the benefits of its use in different CNS pathologies and to ascertain which of the techniques presents better results.

Methods

For this systematic literature review, a search was conducted using databases such as PubMed® and ScienceDirect®, Google Scholar, b-on digital library, in a 10-year period, 2010 to 2020. 60 references were used, which met the inclusion criteria, namely compliance with the defined timeframe and the theme of the work to be addressed.

Results

As for the results, fetal US is the first-line technique for fetal evaluation, and its objective is to detect possible fetal malformations early, while fetal MRI complements the information collected through fetal US. When there are cases of isolated ventriculomegaly and complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, fetal US can correctly assess the pathology. When it comes to pathologies such as dysgenesis of the corpus callosum and malformations of the posterior fossa, fetal MRI evaluates more effectively in comparison to fetal US.

Conclusions

In conclusions, to reduce the number of false positives, the techniques should be used together, thus providing a better diagnosis.
Telemedicine applied to offshore medical emergencies: impacts on a Brazilian oil industry
Authors: Martins Douglas de Almeida , Menezes Ana Carolina Braga , da Silva Vanessa Uchoa de Assis Martins , Costa André Santana , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Viterbo Lilian Monteiro Ferrari
Published: August 2021

Background

The study aims to analyse the impact of the use of advanced telemedicine resources in the management of medical emergencies on offshore oil platforms of a major Brazilian operator during the period 2018–2019.

Methods

38 maritime platforms were analysed, totalling a sample of 5992 workers. Exploratory data analysis, adherence test to normal distribution (Ryan-Joiner normality test) and linear correlation test (Spearman’s rho) were used to characterize the data. 5 groups were defined, 1 offshore platform with advanced telemedicine resources (reference group) and 4 platforms without this support. Each group had data on the monthly amount of disembarkation due to health reasons, in 2018 and 2019, through common flights (1087 and 1207) and aeromedical evacuations (68 and 126), respectively. Finally, hypothesis testing was carried out for two independent samples, to compare the average landings of the reference group with the other groups.

Results

The reference group presented average landings for common flights lower than those of the other groups in 2018. In 2019, presented average landings for common flights lower than those of three groups and statistically equal to that of a group. In 2018 and 2019, the reference group presented statistically equal averages (P-value > α = 0.05) of landings due to aeromedical evacuations.

Conclusions

Despite the possibility of other contributing factors, such as health management of each group and operation time of the platforms, this study allows us to conclude that, in 2018 and 2019, the group of maritime platforms with advanced telemedicine resources obtained, in general, lower average landings due to health reasons.
Paediatric head computed tomography dose values and the impact on image quality
Authors: Meneses Rafaela , Dias Bruno , Pimenta Andrea , Paulo Graciano , Santos Joana
Published: August 2021

Background

The purpose of this study is to analyse paediatric head Computed Tomography (CT) examination dose values, establish local Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRL), and perform objective image quality assessment per categorisation.

Methods

A total of 100 paediatric head CT examinations divided into 5 paediatric age categorisations were retrospectively selected: 0–3months, 3months to 1 year, 1 to 6 years, and more than 6 years. Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol - mGy) and Dose Lenght Product (DLP – mGy.cm), acquisition mode and CT scanner were collected per examination. Examinations with lower and higher dose values per categorisation were selected, and 10 Regions of Interest (ROI’s) were defined on supra and infra tentorial regions in order to access image quality, based on signal and noise values. Local DRLs were compare with the literature and with previous studies of this centre.

Results

The obtained DLP values were 580, 570, 700, 754 mGy.cm, for the categorisation of 0–3 months, 3 months to 1 year, 1 to 6 years, and more than 6 years, respectively. No significant differences were founded in dose values and image quality, per paediatric categorisation.

Conclusions

Despise previous local DRLs were defined using a different age categorisation, some paediatric aged categorisation revealed an increase of the dose values. These results must be related with the acquisition of a new CT scanner. Optimisation process is on-going and new protocols are being define.
Pharmacologically targeting tribbles gene expression in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yassuda Victor , De Sousa-Coelho Ana Luísa
Published: August 2021

Background

TRIB1, TRIB2 and TRIB3 belong to the mammalian Tribbles family of pseudokinases proteins. Several studies reported Tribbles oncogenic role in different types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Though current CRC treatment can be curative, patients are in risk of disease recurrence, meaning novel pharmacological targets and strategies are required. Our goal was to analyze Tribbles gene expression in CRC in response to different drugs.

Methods

Tribbles transcript levels were obtained from GEO profiles database (NCBI). Gene data sets (GDS) were selected based on experimental drug treatment description. Statistical analysis was performed at GraphPadPrism.

Results

Compared to non-treated control, TRIB2 expression was ∼2-fold increased in colorectal adenocarcinoma samples from patients treated with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib (GDS3384), though not statistically significant (P < 0.1). TRIB1 was unaltered and data for TRIB3 was not available. By contrast, all Tribbles showed differential expression after treatment of SW620 colon cancer cells with supercritical rosemary extract in progressive increasing doses (0, 30, 60, 100 μg/mL) (P < 0.01;GDS5416). While both TRIB1 and TRIB3 were moderately increased in a dose-dependent manner (∼18% and 13%, respectively), TRIB2 was maximally down-regulated by ∼15% after 60 μg/mL.

Conclusions

Although celecoxib exhibits antiproliferative effects in different cancer cell types, TRIB2 gene expression showed a trend to be induced after treatment, in contrast to several genes involved in fatty acid oxidation that were down-regulated, which could result from a compensatory mechanism based on a metabolic shift. Since TRIB1/TRIB3 and TRIB2 were oppositely modulated in response to rosemary extract, additional studies are needed to validate its specific pharmacological potential interest for CRC treatment.
Advanced melanoma, a pharmacological evaluation
Authors: Andrade Anabela , Balteiro Jorge
Published: August 2021

Background

Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer that occurs in melanocytes, located in the epidermis. Historically it has a high rate of morbidity and mortality, due to the resistance and toxicity of traditional therapies. Its incidence has increased annually by 4% to 8%. Until 2011 it was still considered a devastating and almost always fatal disease in a few months. Advances in therapies have significantly improved the results of most patients with advanced melanoma, especially those with a BRAFV600 mutation, which account for almost 50% of tumors. Before the recent evolution in treatment, the prognosis and overall survival were considered very bad. The introduction of new drugs has improved progression-free survival and overall survival, as well as producing faster clinical responses.

Methods

Comparison of endpoints such as progression-free survival and overall melanoma survival from the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) studies of each drug in the therapeutic groups under assessment used in the disease. The variables used were the Endpoints Global Survival at various times (12 months, 24 months, 36 months and the median) and Progression-Free Survival.

Results

Combined immunotherapy (Nivolumab and Ipilimumab) improves overall survival and progression-free survival, achieving better results than targeted therapy. In this, the combination of a BRAF inhibitor and a MEK inhibitor, presents better results with the combination of Encorafenib and Binimetinib.

Conclusions

Both targeted therapy and immunotherapy transform melanoma with a dismal prognosis into a life-threatening illness.
Malnutrition in elderly: relationship with depression, loneliness and quality of life
Authors: Simões Paula , Amaral Ana Paula , Rocha Clara
Published: August 2021

Background

Depression and loneliness can lead to malnutrition in the elderly, while the greater the satisfaction with food, the lower the levels of depression and isolation, improving the quality of life. Analyze the relationship between malnutrition and mental health of the elderly. The rapid growth of the elderly population and, at the same time, the increase in mental health problems, such as depression, which has a high prevalence in the elderly population, demand attention to the quality of life of the elderly. The rapid growth of the elderly population and, at the same time, the increase in mental health problems, such as depression, which has a high prevalence in the elderly population, demand attention to the quality of life of the elderly.

Methods

Geriatric Depression Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, WHOQOL-OLD and Mini Nutritional Assessment.

33 elderly, mean age 82.67 years (SD = 8.49).

Results

There is a significant negative correlation (r = -0.542; P = 0.001) between the values of EDGT and MNA, the higher the values of EDGT (more depressed), the lower those of MNA (more malnourished). Adequate nutritional status is related to better ERSLT and QoL values, however the results are not significant.

Conclusions

There is a significant relationship between malnutrition and an increase in depressive symptoms and, although the results are not significant, an adequate state of nutrition can be related to less sense of loneliness and better quality of life. Nutritional education interventions are justified to improve mental health and quality of life in aging.
Suicide postvention in the oil industry: innovation in mental health and care with life in the world of work
Authors: de Paiva Adrianna Helena Tavares Lobato , Miliosi Ariana Ribeiro , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Viterbo Lilian Monteiro Ferrari
Published: August 2021

Background

Within the oil industry work process, risk, technology, confinement and changes in sociability are implied, variables for mental health actions, complexed in the psychosocial coping of the COVID-19 pandemic, involving workers and their families. Attempts or death by suicide, challenge mental health actions, require specialized practices within organizations. This study aims to describe an innovative initiative in occupational health in the oil industry in Brazil, addressing Suicide Postvention in the Workplace.

Methods

Using an epistemological basis of ‘working with groups’; ‘psychology in emergencies and disasters’; ‘mourning elaboration’, an attempt was made to systematize the specialized intervention in mental health within suicide assistance, workplace adapted. It relates an intervention-action in 5 occurrences during the year 2020, with the participation of an interdisciplinary health team including social workers, psychologists, physicians and nurses. Individual care, group approaches, leaders’ advice and family members’ support, was provided.

Results

An average of 20 individual consultations were carried out for each occurrence, 7 interventions with groups. In 4 of the cases, direct approaches from the interdisciplinary team with family members were necessary. The implantation allowed to structure the intervention in suicide emergencies; methodological legitimation; ensuring innovation in emergency mental health practice; prevention of contagious suicide; monitoring of critical cases; and continuity of support in mental health through internal and external network.

Conclusions

The results of the study will serve as input for the construction of a specialized intervention protocol for suicide postvention, constituting an innovation in the care and prevention of mental health problems for oil workers and their families.
The natural functional biopolymer matrix demonstrates to be a promise for safe cell therapy in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Irioda Ana Carolina , Mogharbel Bassam Felipe , Stricker Priscila Elias Ferreira , Oliverira Nathalia Barth , da Rosa Nádia Nascimento , Perussolo Maiara Carolina , Borges Felipe Azevedo , Herculano Rondinelli Donizetti , de Oliveira Graeff Carlos Frederico , de Carvalho Katherine Athayde Teixeira
Published: August 2021

Background

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated cells and can be isolated from many tissues, including adipose tissue. MSCs neuronal differentiation ability has arisen interest in research with these cells in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). To differentiate MSCs in cells that produce dopamine that posteriorly potential to be a safe cell therapy for PD.

Methods

MSCs were isolated from adipose tissue, characterized by flow cytometry and trilineage differentiation, and cultivated seeded on natural functional biopolymer matrix (NFBX) to differentiate in neuronal precursors. Finally, a neural precursor was cultivated in the dopaminergic differentiation medium. The immunocytochemistry was performed with antibody anti-Nestin for precursor neural and antibodies anti-ß III-tubulin and hydroxylase tyrosine. Then, quantification of dopamine was made by the ELISA kit in the culture medium.

Results

The cytometric analysis of MSCs and the trilineage test to chondrocyte, osteocyte, and adipocyte demonstrated their pluripotency. Cells seeded and cultivated over NFBX have developed neurospheres, and their mechanical dissociated cells were Nestin positive. Dopaminergic differentiation was confirmed with positivity for ß-III tubulin and hydroxylase tyrosine. The dopamine concentration was very high in one sample (74.91 ng/mL). Without this sample, the media was 2.34 ± 2.13 ng/mL. The difference between dopamine concentrations was probably due to donors' metabolic characteristics.

Conclusions

The MSCs differentiated in neural precursor cells without genetic modification or growth factors, using only this NFBX. When these neural precursors were induced to differentiate, they were available to produce dopamine, demonstrating a functional neuronal differentiation.
Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide associated with resveratrol supplementation
Authors: Caseiro Armando , Ferreira Carla , Silva Ana Margarida , Figueiredo João Paulo , Pereira Telmo
Published: August 2021

Background

Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) (RSV) is one of the main non-flavonoid natural polyphenol compounds. Evidence suggests that RSV has a key role in preventing a variety of pathological processes because of its benefits, including anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular disease prevention. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is responsible for vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, and its expression is influenced by RSV. Vascular nitric oxide (NO) acts to relax smooth muscle cells by preventing thrombogenic processes. It has been shown in vitro and in vivo that RSV is involved in NO metabolism. The aim of this work was evaluate the effects of regular low-dose RSV consumption by determining serum VEGF and NO levels compared to a control group.

Methods

The study involved 27 clinically healthy individuals, divided into a control group (placebo) and an intervention group, supplemented with 100mg RSV/day. The VEGF levels were determined by slot blot technique and NO levels were determined by spectrophotometry before (T0) and after 30 days (T1) of supplementation.

Results

The VEGF and NO levels slightly decrease from T0 to T1 moment in both study groups, showing a higher decrease in both parameters in the control group compared to the intervention group, but the variation was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Daily supplementation with RSV is associated with benefits at the VEGF level as well as at the vascular level. However, further studies with a larger number of participants are needed to confirm the effects of RSV on VEGF and NO levels.