bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of otolith strontium:calcium and zinc:calcium ratios as an indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Avigliano Esteban , Saez Margarita B. , Rico Rita , Volpedo Alejandra V.
Published: March 2015

We evaluate the simultaneous use of Sr: Ca and Zn: Ca ratios of the sagitta otolith as a potential indicator of the habitat of Percophis brasiliensis along a latitudinal gradient in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean (34-42ºS and 51-67ºW), in order to reliably identify fish stocks. Fish were collected in three sampling sites: Argentine-Uruguayan Common Fishing Zone (AUCFZ), El Rincón (ER) and San Matías Gulf (SMG). The otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios were determined by ICP-OES and EDTA volumetric method. The otolith Sr:Ca ratio was similar in the three sampling sites, while the Zn:Ca ratio was significantly higher in AUCFZ than in ER and SMG for all age groups. The discriminant analysis showed an association between the otolith Sr:Ca and Zn:Ca ratios from ER and SMG. Present results suggest the potential occurrence of two fish stocks of P. brasiliensis in the study area.
A new species of the armored catfish Parotocinclus (Loricariidae: Hypoptopomatinae), from the Amazon basin in Colombia
Authors: Lehmann A. Pablo , Schvambach Lucas J. , Reis Roberto E.
Published: March 2015

A new species of hypoptopomatine cascudinho is described from a creek tributary to the Amazon River in Leticia, Amazonas Departament, Colombia. The new species of Parotocinclus is distinguished from congeners from northeastern to southeastern Brazilian rivers in having the cheek canal plate elongated posteriorly on the ventral surface of head and contacting the cleithrum. It is diagnosed from P. collinsae (Essequibo River basin, Guiana) and P. halbothi (rio Trombetas basin, Brazil and Marowijne River, Suriname), by having a triangular patch of dark pigmentation on the anterior portion of the dorsal-fin membrane, by the absence of unicuspid accessory teeth on both the premaxilla and dentary, and by having a Y-shaped light mark on the snout. The new species of Parotocinclus is distinguished from all remaining congeners by having a pigmentation pattern consisting of conspicuous dark dots smaller than a pupil diameter, broadly distributed dorsally and ventrally.
Valor da tecnologia da informação na firma: estudo com empresas brasileiras
Authors: Oliveira Deyvison de Lima , Maçada Antonio Carlos Gastaud , Oliveira Gessy Dhein
Published: March 2015

Estudos realizados no início de 2000, a partir de dados objetivos de desempenho, confirmaram o valor da Tecnologia da Informação (TI) diretamente no nível da firma (A. S. Bharadwaj, 2000; Santhanam & Hartono, 2003). Contudo, a literatura recente tem sinalizado para resultados distintos, tendo em vista a padronização na oferta de produtos e serviços de TI. Na perspectiva da Teoria Baseada em Recursos, o artigo testa se o valor da TI continua a ser captado pelas medidas de desempenho da firma, conforme estudos realizados no início de 2000 com firmas americanas. Para isso, reúne dados objetivos e variáveis de 149 empresas líderes em TI no Brasil, no período de 2008 a 2011. Utilizando a Regressão Linear e a análise de dados em painel, testou-se aquela associação e constatou-se que as capacidades de TI estão associadas ao desempenho em apenas quatro dos 32 relacionamentos testados, sendo um negativo. Portanto, no conjunto, confirmou-se o impacto nulo das capacidades de TI diretamente no nível da firma - corroborando as demandas da literatura para análise desse impacto em níveis intermediários de desempenho. Limitações e oportunidades de pesquisa constam nas conclusões.
Responsabilidade social corporativa e desempenho financeiro das empresas brasileiras na crise de 2008
Authors: Freguete Lilian Marques , Nossa Valcemiro , Funchal Bruno
Published: March 2015

A literatura aponta para alguns benefícios de longo prazo trazidos pela Responsabilidade Social Corporativa. Porém nada foi mencionado sobre seus potenciais benefícios de curto prazo, como, por exemplo, a performance da empresa em períodos de crise econômica e financeira, fenômeno reconhecido como sendo de curto prazo. Este artigo busca analisar a relação entre a prática de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e o Desempenho Financeiro de empresas brasileiras durante um período da crise financeira de 2008. Utilizando modelos de diferenças-em-diferenças com dados em painel e considerando as empresas brasileiras que compõem a carteira ISE-BOVESPA, como proxy para empresas com práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, verificou-se que, durante crises, firmas responsáveis socialmente não têm um diferencial de desempenho financeiro em relação às outras firmas no mercado, apesar de ter-se encontrado um efeito significativo que a crise traz para as empresas em geral. Tal resultado não se alinha à teoria que prediz melhor desempenho econômico de empresas socialmente responsáveis ao perceber insignificância estatística para tal fator.
Movimentos e Matérias da Iniciação à Docência
Authors: Zordan Paola
Published: March 2015

Movimentos junto ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID/CAPES), desenvolvido junto à Escola Básica com acadêmicos licenciandos, se apresentam aqui junto à perspectiva esquizoanalítica de Deleuze e Guattari. O conceito de matéria é tratado frente sua intrínseca relação com a constituição das disciplinas do conhecimento, enfatizando o dispositivo que envolve o início da atuação de licenciandos em sala de aula. O encontro entre mestres e discípulos configura uma disciplina cuja matéria é constituída na aprendizagem do ensino via uma série de ações, entre as quais se ressalta a criação.
O Ensino da Leitura no Discurso Pedagógico Contemporâneo
Authors: Barreto Raquel Goulart , Guimarães Glaucia Campos
Published: March 2015

Fundado na análise de uma proposta de trabalho com leitura em pesquisa participante, este artigo visa a discutir leitura e produção textual na escola hoje. Está dividido em quatro seções que abordam: (1) o discurso pedagógico como arena de luta por hegemonia, envolvendo os modos pelos quais as tecnologias da informação e da comunicação tendem a ser recontextualizadas nas práticas escolares; (2) meios de buscar a aproximação do movimento dos sentidos através do ensino da leitura; (3) resultados da pesquisa desenvolvida em uma escola pública, visando a fornecer subsídios para outros movimentos de recontextualização; e (4) dimensões do trabalho docente, com ênfase em leitura e produção textual.
"Eliminar os indesejáveis": uma lógica de ação para o policiamento dos argelinos em Paris (1944-1962)
Authors: Blanchard Emmanuel
Published: March 2015

O artigo trata da relação estabelecida entre imigrantes argelinos na França com o Estado e, sobretudo, com a polícia. Durante os primeiros anos da década de 1940 houve igualdade de direitos entre os "muçulmanos" (argelinos) e os "europeus" (franceses). Cidadãos de pleno direito a partir do momento em que entravam na França, argelinos gozavam de liberdade de circulação entre as duas margens do Mediterrâneo e podiam se instalar livremente na metrópole. Contudo, a partir da guerra de libertação da Argélia houve um aumento da imigração para a França, o que gerou protestos entre os franceses. Do fim da Segunda Guerra Mundial até o término da guerra de independência argelina, a hierarquia policial resistiu ao "mito da igualdade dos direitos". Impotente diante do fluxo imigratório, a polícia executava uma política de confronto aos "indesejáveis", qualificativo utilizado para designar as popula- ções argelinas estigmatizadas, cuja presença no espaço público era percebida como um problema.
Aspectos econômicos em uma sociedade agrária (Rio Pardo, século XIX): evidências na composição da riqueza local
Authors: Chaves Edneila Rodrigues
Published: March 2015

O artigo analisa aspectos econômicos da sociedade de Rio Pardo, identificados com base nos setores econômicos e em elementos da riqueza local. As fontes constituem uma série de 401 processos de inventário post-mortem. Constata-se uma economia de base agrária e de sistema escravista, caracterizada por relações de produção não capitalistas. As principais atividades econômicas eram a agricultura e a pecuária. A diversificação de atividades era proporcionada pela presença do setor de atividades artesanais e do mercantil. São observadas conjunturas locais, regional, provincial e em âmbito do Império do Brasil, que auxiliam na compreensão da conformação da economia local, bem como das alterações ocorridas, sem, contudo, sinalizarem mudanças estruturais no período.
Brasil anos 1990: teleficção e ditadura - entre memórias e história
Authors: Abdala Junior Roberto
Published: March 2015

No ano de 1992 a Rede Globo de Televisão exibiu a minissérie Anos rebeldes e também ocorreram as manifestações públicas pró-impeachment do então presidente Fernando Collor de Mello, nas quais os estudantes faziam referências veladas e deliberadas à obra de teleficção. A partir da evidente articulação entre esses dois eventos, o artigo discute o emprego da teledramaturgia como fonte histórica capaz de revelar aspectos da "cultura histórica" brasileira.
Governo colonial, distância e espera nas minas e capitania de Goiás
Authors: Lemes Fernando Lobo
Published: March 2015

A temporalidade da espera associada aos intervalos impostos pelas distâncias geográficas à burocracia do governo colonial instala a vida dos habitantes de Goiás num ambiente transitório, constituído de eventos provisórios, onde os protagonistas devem fazer face às incertezas, enquanto esperam pelas decisões do rei de Portugal. Com a morte súbita do capitão-general João Manoel de Melo, a formação de um governo provisório aparece como estratégia das elites locais para controlar o tempo de espera e preencher o vazio de poder deixado pela ausência do governador. Neste cenário, os acontecimentos são percebidos como interações de força, cujas tensões podem transformar, ainda que transitoriamente, as relações estabelecidas na hierarquia dos poderes do império.
Primary Care Sensitive Hospitalization: users detect flaws on the access to services
Authors: Rehem Tania Cristina Morais Santa Barbara , Ciosak Suely Itsuko , Egry Emiko Yoshikawa
Published: March 2015

The aim of this study is to analyze and understand the reasons for the occurrence of sensitive hospitalizations in accordance with users. Qualitative study conducted with users who were admitted to Pedreira General Hospital, in São Paulo. The data was collected through semi structured interviews and thereafter, transcribed and processed in the electronic program Alceste. When analyzing the content, the access was seized fundamentally as an empirical category, bringing up problems that later deserved, from the Brazilian Ministry of Health, a specific Program to improve the quality and access to primary care. The hierarchical and pyramidal organization shape from the health system in the city of São Paulo can be one of the important aspects for the access matter and established as an important restricting factor in the primary care role in reducing or even preventing the occurrence of these hospitalizations.
DISTINCT TEMPORALITIES IN THE BREAST CANCER DISEASE PROCESS
Authors: Dolina Janderléia Valéria , Bellato Roseney , Araújo Laura Filomena Santos de
Published: March 2015

Comprehensive approach study aimed understanding the reflections and contrasts between personal time and medical therapy protocol time in the life of a young woman with breast cancer. Addressed as a situational study and grounded in Beth’s life story about getting sick and dying of cancer at age 34, the study’s data collection process employed interviews, observation and medical record analysis. The construction of the analytic-synthetic box based on the chronology of Beth’s clinical progression, treatment phases and temporal perception of occurrences enabled us to point out a linear medical therapy protocol time identified by the diagnosis and treatment sequencing process. On the other hand, Beth’s experienced time was marked by simultaneous and non-linear events that generated suffering resulting from the disease. Such comprehension highlights the need for healthcare professionals to take into account the time experienced by the patient, thus providing an indispensable cancer therapeutic protocol with a personal character.
PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN A NURSING HOME
Authors: Evangelista Renata Alessandra , Bueno Alexandre de Assis , Castro Paulo Alexandre de , Nascimento Jessica Neto , Araújo Neilene Teixeira de , Aires Graciele Pereira
Published: March 2015

The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception of the elderly residents of a long-stay nursing home on the process of institutionalization. We interviewed 14 subjects, five women and nine men, aged between 60 and 92 years. Data collection was conducted with a semi-structured sociodemographic interview, which presented the guiding question: “Tell me about how is your life, what do you do and how did you come to live here”. From the analysis, we found topics related to feelings of abandonment, loneliness, anger, ingratitude, living with chronic pain, satisfaction of property in the nursing home, productivity and social relationship. Given the thematic analysis, it was possible to group them into three categories such as: what the elderly feel, what the elderly perceive and what the elderly desire. As a result, we need public policies that addresses to the service provided by institutions regarding elderly expectations.
Perceptions of representatives of a committee against dengue in the health education actions, Goiás, Brazil.
Authors: Cançado Myrella Silveira Macedo , Barbosa Maria Alves , Teixeira Ricardo Antônio Gonçalves , Oliveira Ellen Synthia Fernandes de
Published: March 2015

This study aimed to analyze how the educational actions of prevention and control of dengue are performed in Goiás, from the perspective of representatives of the State Mobilization Committee against Dengue. It is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study, carried out in Goiânia with 43 representatives of public-private institutions, members of the State Mobilization Committee against Dengue of Goiás, in 2013. The data collection was done through questioning about the perception of health education for dengue prevention. Data were analyzed using content analysis and the WebQDA software. Three dimensions emerged from the analysis: educational aspects, management aspects, and community involvement. Respondents recognized the importance of health education for the prevention of dengue, and of the planning to strengthen the activities of the Committee.
Modes of acquisition of health literacy skills in informal learning contexts
Authors: Calha António Geraldo Manso
Published: March 2015

In this article we try to analyze the learning processes of health literacy skills in informal contexts. We intend to broaden the understanding of the learning process beyond the formal contexts, thus contributing to the elucidation of health professionals on how individuals acquire and manage their knowledge in health matters. Given our goal, we use an analytic corpus constituted by one hundred autobiographical narratives written between 2006 and 2011, in educational contexts but with recognized potential for use in different scientific fields, including health. The results reveal the existence of three different types of modes of learning health literacy skills in informal context: : i) learning that takes place in action, in achieving daily tasks; ii) learning processes that result from problem solving; iii) learning that occurs in an unplanned manner, resulting from accidental circumstances and, in some cases, devoid of intentionality.
NEWSPAPERS FOLHA DE SÃO PAULO E CORREIO BRAZILIENSE: WHAT THEY SAY ABOUT THE PROGRAM MORE DOCTORS?
Authors: Morais Indyara , Alkmin Dábyla , Lopes Jéssica , Santos Marina , Leonel Mariane , Santos Rodrigo , Rosa Weverton , Mendonça Ana , Sousa Maria
Published: March 2015

Analyzes publications related More Medical Program from July to September of 2013 and its impact on Correio Braziliense and Folha de São Paulo. This is a descriptive study using a qualitative-quantitative methodology. The analyzed and related data represent what the program takes in print. 363 publications were found, 262 in Folha de São Paulo and 101 in Correio. The word "Doctor" appeared in more titles, and Folha de São Paulo were 110 negative titles; to Correio neutral character was in 50 publications. In the character of news, 178 of these are pessimistic. The "neutral" and 101 representing "optimistic" 83. Was found that the media is critical to the impact of the program, but the truth is not apparent, but the opinion of journalists who wrote the stories related to the theme.
Professional knowledge in primary health care of the person/family in mental distress: Le Boterf perspective
Authors: Lucchese Roselma , Castro Paulo , Ba Serigne , Rosalem Vagner , Silva André , Andrade Márcio , Munari Denize , Fernandes Inaina , Neves Hilton
Published: March 2015

Aim of this study was to identify knowing-doing actions constituted the practice of Family Health (FH), in view of nurses in relation to the person and family care in mental distress in terms of professional knowledge of Le Boterf. Method: Descriptive exploratory qualitative study, to deepen contruction of nurse in FH. The survey was conducted in 3 Units FH. Result: Doing a thematic analysis, came to the following categories: “Knowing how to act and react with relevance”; “Knowing how to combine resources and mobilize them in a professional context”; “Knowing how to interact with multiple knowledges”; “Knowing how to transpose”; “Knowing how to learn and knowing how to learn to learn”; “Knowing how to engage”. Final considerations: the greatest difficulty was "be able to transpose," and that the daily demand of the FH teams requires a lot of this knowledge. Little transposition of knowing-doing in real situations has been verified.
The art and learning patterns of knowing in nursing
Authors: Baixinho Cristina Lavareda , Ferraz Isabel Carvalho Beato , Ferreira Óscar Manuel Ramos , Rafael Helga Marilia da Silva
Published: March 2015

Objective To identify the perception of the students about the use of art as a pedagogical strategy in learning the patterns of knowing in nursing; to identify the dimensions of each pattern valued in the analysis of pieces of art. Method Descriptive mixed study. Data collection used a questionnaire applied to 31 nursing students. Results In the analysis of the students’ discourse, it was explicit that empirical knowledge includes scientific knowledge, tradition and nature of care. The aesthetic knowledge implies expressiveness, subjectivity and sensitivity. Self-knowledge, experience, reflective attitude and relationships with others are the subcategories of personal knowledge and the moral and ethics support ethical knowledge. Conclusion It is possible to learn patterns of knowledge through art, especially the aesthetic, ethical and personal. It is necessary to investigate further pedagogical strategies that contribute to the learning patterns of nursing knowledge.
Nursing Supervision: Studying the “Case” of the phenomenon of interorganizational articulation Nursing School and Hospital
Authors: Macedo Ana Paula Morais de Carvalho
Published: March 2015

The history of this research found a suitable ethos not only by the route of the researcher, but also by the current public policies of modernization and reform that are capable of regulating and transforming the educational and health systems, as well as their professional groups. The reflection meantime developed had raised a clear perception of the organizational change processes by which they interfered with the interorganizational coordination between School of Nursing and Hospital, where internship supervision would be the main protagonist, supported by the meanings that intervening actors have assigned to them. In this context, the search for explicit epistemological and methodological choices leads to look more attentively at the problem, ascertaining it, taking into account the organizational dimensions. In this regard, the choice of a case study was related to the fact that the method allowed to answer the purpose of knowing and understanding the interorganizational coordination phenomenon between School of Nursing and Hospital, namely through the supervision of internships.
Model endophenotype for bipolar disorder: Qualitative Analysis, etiological factors, and research areas
Authors: Tavares Naraiana de Oliveira , Neves Fernando da Silva , Malloy-Diniz Leandro Fernandes
Published: March 2015

The aim of this study is to present an updated view of the writings on the endophenotype model for bipolar disorder using analytical methodologies. A review and analysis of networks was performed through descriptors and keywords that characterize the composition of the endophenotype model as a model of health. Information was collected from between 1992 and 2014, and the main thematic areas covered in the articles were identified. We discuss the results and question their cohesion, emphasizing the need to strengthen and identify the points of connection between etiological factors and characteristics that make up the model of endophenotypes for bipolar disorder.
Santa Casa de Misericórdia e as políticas higienistas em Belém do Pará no final do século XIX
Authors: Miranda Cybelle Salvador , Beltrão Jane Felipe , Henrique Márcio Couto , Bessa Brena Tavares
Published: March 2015

O artigo analisa a relação entre as políticas higienistas que vigoraram na cidade de Belém ao final do século XIX e a expansão das atividades da Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará. Considerada uma das primeiras instituições hospitalares da então Província do Grão-Pará, a Irmandade, além de seu hospital próprio, administrou diversos outros estabelecimentos de saúde na capital. O estudo de seu deslocamento físico permite o "desenho" de três núcleos da Saúde em Belém: Pioneiro, de Expansão e da Santa Casa, que reforçam os vetores de crescimento da cidade. A expansão de suas atividades se configura como ampliação da Misericórdia para atender os desvalidos e enfermos, que precede a instauração de um sistema de saúde pública no Pará.
La vida como actividad normativa y auto-realización: debate en torno al concepto de normatividad biológica en Goldstein y Canguilhem
Authors: Ostachuk Agustín
Published: March 2015

La influencia de Kurt Goldstein en el pensamiento de Georges Canguilhem se extendió a lo largo de toda su obra. El presente trabajo pretende recuperar esta relación con el objeto de realizar un estudio de la norma como nexo o conexión entre el concepto y la vida. En consecuencia, este trabajo será una reflexión sobre el planteamiento de la vida como actividad normativa y autorealización. Para ello, será necesario resignificar los conceptos de salud y enfermedad, y atravesar el camino que va de uno a otro. Al final de este camino, se encontrará que estos conceptos permiten explicar la identidad entre el concepto y la vida, lo cual conduce a la conclusión inesperada que la cura es, en definitiva, autocuración.
CHANGE DETECTION IN BRAZILIAN SAVANNAS USING SEMIVARIOGRAMS DERIVED FROM NDVI IMAGES
Authors: Acerbi Júnior Fausto Weimar , Silveira Eduarda Martiniano de Oliveira , Mello José Márcio de , Mello Carlos Rogério de , Scolforo José Roberto Soares
Published: March 2015

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is often used to extract information from vegetated areas since it is directly related to vegetation parameters such as percent of ground cover, photosynthetic activity of the plant and leaf area index. The aim of this paper was to analyze the potencial of semivariograms generated from NDVI values to detect changes in vegetated areas, analyzing their behavior (shape) and derived metrics (range, sill and nugget). Semivariograms were generated from NDVI values derived from Landsat TM images of May 2010, June 2010 and July 2011. The study area is located in the northern state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and is covered by Brazilian savannas vegetation, totalizing 1,596 ha. Semivariograms were generated after the exploratory data analysis. Models were fitted, validated and their metrics analyzed. The results showed a very clear trend where the shape of semivariograms, sill and range were different when deforestation occurred and were similar when the area had not been changed. The model that generated best fit was the Gaussian, however, the three models tested showed behavior that makes it possible to detect changes in vegetation. It suggests that further researches should explore the degree to which the semivariogram can be used to quantify this spatial variability as well as to analyze the influence of sazonality for changing detection in vegetated areas.
COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF WHEAT IN ASSOCIATION WITH BIOTYPES OF Raphanus raphanistrum L. RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE TO ALS-INHIBITOR HERBICIDES
Authors: Costa Leandro Oliveira da , Rizzardi Mauro Antônio
Published: March 2015

The occurrence of Raphanus raphanistrum ALS herbicide-resistant in wheat crops causes crop yield losses, which makes it necessary to understand the factors that influence the interference of this weed to develop safer management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the competitive ability of wheat in coexistence with biotypes of R. raphanistrum that are resistant (R biotype) and susceptible (S biotypes) to ALS herbicides and to determine whether there are differences in the competitiveness of these biotypes. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse using a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments were placed in pots and arranged in replacement series for three experiments (1 - wheat with the R biotype; 2 - wheat with the S biotype; and 3 - the R biotype with the S biotype) at the following ratios: 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The competitiveness was analyzed through diagrams applied to replacement experiments and competitiveness indices, including the evaluation of the shoot dry matter of the plants (experiments 1, 2, and 3) and the leaf area (experiment 3). The R and S biotypes significantly decreased the shoot dry matter of the wheat cultivar and demonstrated superior competitive ability compared with the culture. The interspecific competition was more important for the wheat and for the S biotype. The competitiveness of the R biotype compared to the S biotype was similar, with synergism in the leaf area production, which indicates the predominant intraspecific competition exhibited by the R biotype.
IDENTIFICATION OF IDEOTYPES BY CANONICAL ANALYSIS IN Panicum maximum
Authors: Martuscello Janaina Azevedo , Braz Thiago Gomes dos Santos , Jank Liana , Cunha Daniel de Noronha Figueiredo Vieira da , Carvalho Ana Luiza Silva
Published: March 2015

Grouping of genotypes by canonical variable analysis is an important tool in breeding. It allows the grouping of individuals with similar characteristics that are associated with superior agronomic performance and may indicate the ideal profile of a plant for the region. The objective of the present study was to define, by canonical analysis, the agronomic profile of Panicum maximum plants adapted to the Agreste region. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 28 treatments, 22 genotypes of Panicum maximum, and cultivars Mombasa, Tanzania, Massai, Milenio, BRS Zuri, and BRS Tamani in triplicate in 4-m² plots. Plots were harvested five times and the following traits were evaluated: plant height; total, leaf, and stem; dead dry matter yields; leaf:stem ratio; leaf percentage; and volumetric density of forage. The analysis of canonical variables was performed based on the phenotypic means of the evaluated traits and on the residual variance and covariance matrix. Genotype PM34 showed higher mean leaf dry matter yield under the conditions of the Agreste of Alagoas (on average 53% higher than cultivars Mombasa, Tanzania, Milenio and Massai). It was possible to summarize the variation observed in eight agronomic characteristics in only two canonical variables accounting for 81.44 % of the data variation. The ideotype plant adapted to the conditions of the Agreste should be tall and present high leaf yield, leaf percentage, and leaf:stem ratio, and intermediate values of volumetric density of forage.
BULLFROG HEMOGRAM UNDER MANAGEMENT STRESS
Authors: Teixeira Patrícia Coelho , Vicentini Irene Bastos Franceschini , Ferreira Claudia Maris , França Fernanda Menezes , Bordon Isabela Cristina Antunes da Costa , Ranzani-Paiva Maria José Tavares
Published: March 2015

Stress is one of the major obstacles in frog culture and can be caused by factors such as inappropriate farming systems; inadequate management among other situations. The objective of the present study was to assess the hemogram, erythrogram and leukogram of bullfrogs (L. catesbeianus) when exposed to stress caused by different types of management: density and handling (manipulation), developed in the laboratory and repeated in the field for the appropriate comparisons in a experimental period of 30 days. The density experiment was conducted with four treatments: 70 animals m-2 (D70); 100 animals m-2 (D100), Control; 150 animals m-2 (D150) and 200 animals m-2 (D200), with 10, 14, 21 and 28 animals/box in the laboratory, respectively. Each treatment was performed with three simultaneous replicates. The handling experiment was conducted with three treatments: Treatment Without Handling (WH); Treatment with Partial Handling (PH) every 15 days and Treatment with Total Handling (TH) every 15 days. Each treatment was performed with four simultaneous replications. The methodology of the blood analysis followed international recommendations. In the present study we could observe that the animals of the field experiment did not reflect the same stress response observed in the laboratory in both experiment, which demonstrated the plasticity of these animals.
MICROENCAPSULATION OF TURMERIC OLEORESIN IN BINARY AND TERNARY BLENDS OF GUM ARABIC, MALTODEXTRIN AND MODIFIED STARCH
Authors: Cano-Higuita Diana Maria , Vélez Harvey Alexander Villa , Telis Vania Regina Nicoletti
Published: March 2015

Spray-drying is a suitable method to obtain microencapsulated active substances in the powdered form, resulting in powders with improved protection against environmental factors as well as with higher solubility in water, as in the case of turmeric oleoresin. The present study investigated the spray-drying process of turmeric oleoresin microencapsulated with binary and ternary mixtures of different wall materials: gum Arabic, maltodextrin, and modified corn starch. A statistical simplex centroid experimental design was used considering the encapsulation efficiency, curcumin retention, process yield, water content, solubility, and particle morphology as the analyzed responses. Wall matrices containing higher proportions of modified starch and gum Arabic resulted in higher encapsulation efficiency and curcumin retention, whereas the process yield and water content increased with higher proportions of maltodextrin and gum Arabic, respectively. Regression models of the responses were obtained using a surface response method (ANOVA way), showing statistical values of R2 > 0.790. Also, mean analysis was carried out by Tukey's test, permitting to observe some statistical differences between the blends
PRODUCTION OF ginger vinegar
Authors: Leonel Magali , Suman Priscila Aparecida , Garcia Emerson Loli
Published: March 2015

Vinegar is a food of condiments group that have great use in the food industry. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of parameters of the acetic fermentation process in the production of ginger vinegar. A suspension of ginger rhizomes with 12% of starch was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis process to obtain hydrolyzed with 85.6% of glucose. After the alcoholic fermentation the wine was obtained with 40.3% ethanol. The acetic fermentation process of ginger alcoholic solution followed a completely randomized design in a factorial for three factors at two levels. The independent variables were: temperature, nutrients and proportion of "strong vinegar" and alcoholic solution (initial acidity). Results showed variation from 2.74 to 3.70% for dry extract and 2.13 to 2.83 % for ash in vinegars. The profile of organic acids of ginger vinegars showed the presence of acetic, citric, malic and succinic acids in all treatments. The condition of 20°C, initial acidity 1:1,with addition of nutrients allow obtaining good quality vinegars and higher GK yields
Association between participation and compliance with Continuing Medical Education and care production by physicians: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Carrera Renato Melli , Cendoroglo Neto Miguel , Gonçales Paulo David Scatena , Marques Flavio Rocha Brito , Sardenberg Camila , Glezer Milton , Santos Oscar Fernando Pavão dos , Rizzo Luiz Vicente , Lottenberg Claudio Luiz , Schvartsman Cláudio
Published: March 2015

Objective Physician participation in Continuing Medical Education programs may be influenced by a number of factors. To evaluate the factors associated with compliance with the Continuing Medical Education requirements at a private hospital, we investigated whether physicians’ activity, measured by volumes of admissions and procedures, was associated with obtaining 40 Continuing Medical Education credits (40 hours of activities) in a 12-month cycle. Methods In an exclusive and non-mandatory Continuing Medical Education program, we collected physicians’ numbers of hospital admissions and numbers of surgical procedures performed. We also analyzed data on physicians’ time since graduation, age, and gender. Results A total of 3,809 credentialed, free-standing, private practice physicians were evaluated. Univariate analysis showed that the Continuing Medical Education requirements were more likely to be achieved by male physicians (odds ratio 1.251; p=0.009) and who had a higher number of hospital admissions (odds ratio 1.022; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age and number of hospital admissions were associated with achievement of the Continuing Medical Education requirements. Each hospital admission increased the chance of achieving the requirements by 0.4%. Among physicians who performed surgical procedures, multivariate analysis showed that male physicians were 1.3 time more likely to achieve the Continuing Medical Education requirements than female physicians. Each surgical procedure performed increased the chance of achieving the requirements by 1.4%. Conclusion The numbers of admissions and number of surgical procedures performed by physicians at our hospital were associated with the likelihood of meeting the Continuing Medical Education requirements. These findings help to shed new light on our Continuing Medical Education program.
Hypodermoclysis: a literature review to assist in clinical practice
Authors: Bruno Vanessa Galuppo
Published: March 2015

The aim of this study was to analyze the information available in the literature about the drugs that can be administered through hypodermoclysis and the resulting impact that this information may have on the routine of the pharmacist working at a hospital. The study was based on a review of the literature. The results showed positive points of the procedure, but little specific information about medications such as routes of administration, standard dilutions, optimal doses, etc. Thus, it was possible to verify that there is no definite information as to the correct way to administer the drugs in this route, even though this is an effective and safe option, according to the literature. The lack of information has a negative impact on the support provided by the pharmacist to the nursing staff to ensure that the drug actually reaches its therapeutic goals safely.
Association between increased serum thyrotropin concentration and the oldest old: what do we know?
Authors: Duarte Glaucia Cruzes , Cendoroglo Maysa Seabra , Araújo Lara Miguel Quirino , Almada Filho Clineu de Mello
Published: March 2015

To assess studies that evaluate the relation between serum thyrotropin concentration, very old subjects, and their events. We searched the PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases for articles published between 2004 and 2012. Our search was restricted to studies involving humans aged 65 years or older, and written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. Studies that evaluated the association between elevated serum thyrotropin concentration among elderly subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism were chosen since at least in part they included a subpopulation of individuals aged 80 years and above. Thirteen studies were selected. No significant increase in risk of cardiovascular events, coronary heart disease, or total mortality was observed. Elevated thyrotropin concentration was associated with longevity. More randomized controlled trials are required to better define the potential benefits of elevated thyrotropin concentration in this oldest old population, hormone replacement, and longevity.
Integrating Cover Crops and POST Herbicides for Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Corn
Authors: Wiggins Matthew S. , McClure M. Angela , Hayes Robert M. , Steckel Lawrence E.
Published: March 2015

Field experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 in Jackson, TN, to evaluate the efficacy of integrating cover crops and POST herbicides in corn to control glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth. Crimson clover and hairy vetch were planted in the fall and accumulated greater than 1,600 kg ha−1aboveground biomass by time of termination. Crimson clover and hairy vetch provided 62% and 58% Palmer amaranth control 14 d before application, respectively. POST herbicide treatments of glyphosate +S-metolachlor + mesotrione + atrazine, thiencarbazone-methyl + tembotrione + atrazine, and glyphosate + atrazine were applied when Palmer amaranth reached 15 cm tall. The herbicide treatments provided greater than 95% control of Palmer amaranth 28 d after application. In addition to Palmer amaranth suppression, corn was taller at V5 and V7 following a hairy vetch cover crop. Hairy vetch and crimson clover residues provided early season weed suppression because of biomass accumulation. Palmer amaranth in the nontreated control plots reached 15 cm 4 and 3 d ahead of the cover-treated plots in 2013 and 2014, respectively. This could potentially increase POST herbicide-application flexibility for producers. Results of this trial also suggest that cover crops alone are not a means of season-long control of GR Palmer amaranth. From a herbicide resistance-management perspective, the integration of cover crops with herbicide mixtures that incorporate multiple sites of action should aid in mitigating the further selection of herbicide resistance in Palmer amaranth.
In the Era of Genomics, Should Tumor Size Be Reconsidered as a Criterion for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy?
Authors: Pivot Xavier , Mansi Laura , Chaigneau Loic , Montcuquet Philippe , Thiery-Vuillemin Antoine , Bazan Fernando , Dobi Erion , Sautiere Jean L. , Rigenbach Frederic , Algros Marie P. , Butler Steve , Jamshidian Farid , Febbo Phillip , Svedman Christer , Paget-Bailly Sophie , Bonnetain Franck , Villanueva Christian
Published: March 2015

Background.

The Oncotype DX recurrence score (RS) assay has been validated for prediction of 10-year risk of distant recurrence and likelihood of benefit from chemotherapy in patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative early breast cancer. Patients with high RS tumors have substantial benefit, and patients with low RS tumors have minimal if any benefit from chemotherapy. Tumor size is used as a key parameter when selecting patients for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of RS in patients selected for neoadjuvant chemotherapy primarily according to tumor size.

Patients and Methods.

Patients with ER-positive and HER2-negative tumors that were node-negative or had no more than 1 positive node from three trials were included in this study. Oncotype DX was performed at Genomic Health, Inc., blinded to the clinical data. Descriptive statistics were calculated for distribution of RS for all cases.

Results.

Of 277 patients, 96 met eligibility criteria, and 81 had sufficient material for analysis. Median tumor size was 40 mm (interquartile range [IQR], 30–50 mm). Grade I, II, and III were observed in 13, 49, and 17 cases, respectively. There was a wide distribution of RS with a median of 21.4 (IQR, 16.05-26.75). In total, 23 (28.3%) had high, 28 (34.6%) intermediate, and 30 (37%) low RS results.

Conclusion.

The RS may provide relevant information for neoadjuvant treatment decisions in select patients both in clinical practice and in studies. Inclusion of low RS disease patients in neoadjuvant trials will likely only dilute the ability to look at treatment effects.
Phase I Study of Nintedanib Incorporating Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Lee Chooi Peng , Taylor N. Jane , Attard Gerhardt , Pacey Simon , Nathan Paul D. , Bono Johann S. , Temple Graham , Bell Susan , Stefanic Martin , Stopfer Peter , Tang Adrian , Koh Dow-Mu , Collins David J. , d'Arcy James , Padhani Anwar R. , Leach Martin O. , Judson Ian R. , Rustin Gordon J.
Published: March 2015

Author Summary

Background.

This open-label phase I dose-escalation study investigated the safety, efficacy, pharmacokinetics (PK), and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) effects of the oral angiokinase inhibitor nintedanib in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Methods.

Nintedanib was administered once daily continuously, starting at 100 mg and later amended to allow evaluation of 250 mg b.i.d. The primary endpoint was maximum tolerated dose (MTD). DCE-MRI studies were performed at baseline and on days 2 and 28.

Results.

Fifty-one patients received nintedanib 100–450 mg once daily (n = 40) or 250 mg b.i.d. (n = 11). Asymptomatic reversible liver enzyme elevations (grade 3) were dose limiting in 2 of 5 patients at 450 mg once daily. At 250 mg b.i.d., 2 of 11 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 liver enzyme elevation and gastrointestinal symptoms). Common toxicities included fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain (mainly grade ≤2). Among 45 patients, 22 (49%) achieved stable disease; 7 remained on treatment for >6 months. DCE-MRI of target lesions revealed effects in some patients at 200 and ≥400 mg once daily.

Conclusion.

Nintedanib is well tolerated by patients with advanced solid malignancies, with MTD defined as 250 mg b.i.d., and can induce changes in DCE-MRI. Disease stabilization >6 months was observed in 7 of 51 patients.
Perspectives of African Americans on Lung Cancer: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Lathan Christopher S. , Waldman Laura Tesler , Browning Emily , Gagne Joshua , Emmons Karen
Published: March 2015

Background.

Disparities in incidence and mortality for lung cancer in African Americans are well documented; however, the extent to which disparities reflect differences in patient perceptions of tobacco and lung cancer treatment is unclear. The objective of this study was to explore African Americans’ knowledge of lung cancer, perceived risk, interest in smoking cessation, attitudes toward lung cancer treatment, and lung cancer diagnosis and treatment experiences.

Patients and Methods.

The cohort comprised 32 African-American current and former smokers without a cancer diagnosis who participated in focus groups and 10 African Americans with lung cancer who participated in in-depth interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach.

Results.

Participants without a cancer diagnosis were aware of the link between smoking and lung cancer, the common symptoms of the disease, and its poor prognosis. They desired specific, personalized smoking-cessation information. If diagnosed, the majority reported, they would seek medical care. Most believed that insurance and socioeconomic factors were more likely to affect treatment access than racial discrimination. Participants with a cancer diagnosis were also aware of the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. They felt their treatment plans were appropriate and trusted their physicians. Most did not believe that race affected their care.

Conclusion.

This qualitative study suggests that African-American smokers are aware of the relationship between smoking and lung cancer and are interested in smoking-cessation treatment. These data also indicate that lung cancer disparities are unlikely to be associated with differential willingness to receive care but that African Americans may perceive financial and insurance barriers to lung cancer treatment.
Algunos aspectos de la fotosíntesis y potenciales hídricos de la granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss.) en estado reproductivo en el Huila, Colombia
Authors: Fernández M. Ginna Esperanza , Melgarejo Lus Marina , Rodríguez C. Natalia Alejandra
Published: March 2015

La granadilla es un fruto apreciado en el mercado nacional e internacional por sus características organolépticas y nutricionales. Sin embargo, muy pocos estudios se han realizado sobre su ecofisiología en zonas de alta producción en Colombia. Por esta razón el objetivo de este estudio fue describir y analizar algunos aspectos de la fotosíntesis y potenciales hídricos de la granadilla, en estado reproductivo, en dos fincas localizadas en el municipio de Santa María (Huila, Colombia): La Ceiba (2.060 msnm) y La Yerbabuena (2.270 msnm). Se monitorearon variables climáticas y se midieron parámetros de intercambio gaseoso, fluorescencia de la clorofila a y potenciales hídricos. La temperatura promedio en La Yerbabuena fue 16,24°C y en La Ceiba de 17,15°C, con una PAR de 470,9 y 1.186,2 μmol de fotones m-2 s-1, respectivamente. Los valores de Amax, RD e Ic para la finca La Ceiba (23,6, 2,24 y 34,6 μmol m-2 s-1) fueron mayores respecto a La Yerbabuena (17,5, 1,34 y 21 μmol m-2 s-1), en esta última se evidencia una alta capacidad de uso de la luz disponible para garantizar una mayor eficiencia fotosintética (Φ) de 0,0457 a valores bajos de radiación. El potencial hídrico foliar (cercano a -0,2 MPa) y del suelo (cercano a -0,01 MPa) y los valores de Fv/Fm (por encima de 0,86) en prealba indican ausencia de estrés en las plantas. En conclusión ambos ambientes son favorables para el desarrollo de la granadilla porque a pesar de las características ambientales y las diferentes intensidades de luz se mantiene una alta eficiencia de la fotosíntesis (Φ).
Características climáticas y balance hídrico de la lima ácida Tahití (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) en cinco localidades productoras de Colombia
Authors: Hernández A. David Ricardo , Mateus C. Diana , Orduz Rodríguez Javier Orlando
Published: March 2015

La lima ácida Tahití se cultiva desde el nivel del mar hasta los 1.200 msnm lo que genera variabilidad en las condiciones ecológicas que influyen sobre el potencial del cultivo. Con el propósito de identificar qué factores climáticos pueden condicionar el comportamiento productivo, la calidad del fruto y el destino del mercado, se inició el estudio en cinco localidades productoras del país: Santander (Lebrija), Piedemonte del Meta (C.I. La Libertad), valle alto del Magdalena (C.I. Nataima), Valle del Cauca (C.I. Palmira) y Caribe seco (C.I Caribia). La información climática se obtuvo de la base de datos multianual del Ideam, se realizó el balance hídrico y se determinó periodos de excesos y déficit hídricos, se calcularon las unidades de calor acumuladas (UC) y la variación diaria de la temperatura en los meses de mayor y menor precipitación. Se encontró que las marcadas diferencias climáticas pueden afectar las características de calidad de las frutas. Las zonas con las temperaturas medias más altas y los niveles más elevados de evaporación y evapotranspiración del cultivo (ETc) se obtuvieron en el Caribe seco (C.I. Caribia) y Tolima (C.I. Nataima). Esta última región presentó una mayor variación en el delta diario de temperatura y valor más elevado de acumulación de UC. La localidad con la menor temperatura media fue Lebrija, presentó la menor variación en el delta diario de temperatura y el valor más bajo de acumulación de UC. La información climática sugiere la implementación de riego en C.I. Caribia, C.I. Nataima, C.I. Palmira.