bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictor Variables of Developing Anterior Pituitary Deficiencies in a Group of Paediatric Patients with Central Diabetes Insipidus and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Vaiani Elisa , Malossetti Carmen , Vega Lina Margarita , Zubizarreta Pedro , Braier Jorge , Belgorosky Alicia
Published: December 2016

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic disorder of unknown etiopathogenesis. Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is the most frequent endocrine manifestation and is a known risk factor for the development of further anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies (APD). However, not all CDI patients develop APD, as observed during prolonged periods of follow-up. Aim: To find predictors of developing APD in LCH children with CDI followed in our institution. Methods: We retrospectively analysed 44 patients over a median period (quartiles) of 12.3 years (8.79-14.24). Patients were subdivided into group 1 and group 2, according to absence or presence of APD, respectively. The main variables studied were: (1) chronological age (CA) at LCH diagnosis, (2) the primary site of LCH at diagnosis: low risk (LR) and multisystemic risk organs, and (3) the presence of reactivation. Results: Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that APD was positively associated with CA at LCH diagnosis [relative risk (RR) 1.14, p < 0.01], the LR clinical form (RR 8.6, p < 0.03), and negatively associated with the presence of reactivations (RR 0.3, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Patients with older CA at LCH diagnosis, LR clinical forms, and fewer reactivation episodes might represent a subgroup of paediatric LCH CDI patients with a higher risk of developing APD.
Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion in Obese Type 2 Diabetic Women after Various Bariatric Operations
Authors: Vrbikova Jana , Kunesova Marie , Kyrou Ioannis , Tura Andrea , Hill Martin , Grimmichova Tereza , Dvorakova Katerina , Sramkova Petra , Dolezalova Karin , Lischkova Olga , Vcelak Josef , Hainer Vojtech , Bendlova Bela , Kumar Sudhesh , Fried Martin
Published: December 2016

Objective: To compare the effects of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) and laparoscopic gastric banding (LAGB) on insulin sensitivity and secretion with the effects of laparoscopic gastric plication (P). Methods: A total of 52 obese women (age 30-66 years) suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were prospectively recruited into three study groups: 16 BPD; 16 LAGB, and 20 P. Euglycemic clamps and mixed meal tolerance tests were performed before, at 1 month and at 6 months after bariatric surgery. Beta cell function derived from the meal test parameters was evaluated using mathematical modeling. Results: Glucose disposal per kilogram of fat free mass (a marker of peripheral insulin sensitivity) increased significantly in all groups, especially after 1 month. Basal insulin secretion decreased significantly after all three types of operations, with the most marked decrease after BPD compared with P and LAGB. Total insulin secretion decreased significantly only following the BPD. Beta cell glucose sensitivity did not change significantly post-surgery in any of the study groups. Conclusion: We documented similar improvement in insulin sensitivity in obese T2DM women after all three study operations during the 6-month postoperative follow-up. Notably, only BPD led to decreased demand on beta cells (decreased integrated insulin secretion), but without increasing the beta cell glucose sensitivity.
Personalized Cancer Care: Risk Prediction, Early Diagnosis, Progression, and Therapy
Authors: Zänker Kurt S. , Borresen-Dale Anne-Lise , Huber Hans-Peter
Published: December 2016

At the annual prestigious International Symposium of the Fritz-Bender Foundation, Munich, 18-20 May, 2016, researchers, clinicians, and students discussed the state of the art and future perspectives of genomic medicine in cancer. Genomic medicine (also known as precision medicine/oncology) should help clinicians to provide a more precise diagnosis and therapy in oncology for individual patients. The meeting focused on next-generation sequencing methods, analytical computational analysis of big data, and data mining on the way to translational and evidence-based medicine. The meeting covered the social and ethical impact of genomic medicine as well as news and views on antibody targeting of intracellular proteins, on the architecture of intracellular proteins and their impact on carcinogenesis, and on the adaptation of tumor therapy in due consideration of tumor evolution. Subheadings like “Genetic Profiling of Patients and Risk Prediction,” “Molecular Profiling of Tumors and Metastases,” “Tumor-Host Microenvironment Interaction and Metabolism,” and “Targeted Therapy” were subsumed under the main heading of “Personalized Cancer Care.”
Association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: A Propensity-Matched Study
Authors: Dou Lin , Lan Haitao , Reynolds Daniel J. , Gunderson Tina M. , Kashyap Rahul , Gajic Ognjen , Caples Sean , Li Guangxi , Kashani Kianoush B.
Published: December 2016

Background/Aims: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, its association with acute kidney injury (AKI) is not well documented. We aimed to study whether OSA is associated with the risk of AKI in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Methods: All consecutive adult Olmsted County, MN residents who were admitted in Mayo Clinic ICUs from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010 were screened. Chronic and acute risk factors were collected within the first 48 h of ICU admission. Logistic regression and propensity score matching were used to examine crude and adjusted associations of OSA with AKI. Results: Among 1,259 enrolled ICU patients, 183 patients had a diagnosis of OSA prior to the index ICU admission. Compared with non-OSA patients, the incidence of AKI in OSA patients was more frequent (41 vs. 57%, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, it was found that CKD, age, gender, Caucasian race, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, and OSA were associated with AKI. In the multivariate model, following adjustment for age, gender, race, and chronic and acute risk factors, OSA was found to have an independent association with AKI (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.04-2.24; p = 0.031). Among 176 propensity score matched pairs, there was a significant difference in the incidence of AKI between the OSA and non-OSA groups (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.01-2.35; p = 0.04). Conclusions: The history of OSA diagnosed by polysomnography is associated with higher risk of AKI in critically ill patients.
Statins and the Kidney: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Honore Patrick M. , Jacobs Rita , Hendrickx Inne , De Waele Elisabeth , Van Gorp Viola , De Regt Jouke , Spapen Herbert D.
Published: December 2016

Statins essentially are cholesterol-lowering drugs that are extensively prescribed for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Compelling evidence suggests that the beneficial effects of statins may not only be due to controlling cholesterol levels but also due to a pleiotropic cholesterol-independent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, endothelial-protective and plaque-stabilizing activity. Along this line, statins may also exert acute and long-term effects on renal function. We present a narrative literature review that summarizes arguments in favour or against the preventive and/or therapeutic use of statins in kidney-related diseases or complications. We also highlight the ongoing controversy regarding statin therapy in chronic and end-stage kidney disease.
A construção do discurso argumentativo em perspectiva foucaultiana
Authors: Azevedo Isabel Cristina Michelan de
Published: December 2016

Este artigo recupera o esquema argumentativo descrito pela Nova Retórica para discutir como a organização dos raciocínios por ligação e por dissociação podem ser analisados sob os estudos de Foucault (2008 [1969], 2004 [1971]) acerca da constituição do discurso na sociedade, com o intuito de promover uma reflexão acerca das possibilidades de análise de produções discentes no ensino médio e de organização do ensino da argumentação na educação básica. Por meio de uma metodologia interpretativista (ERICKSON, 1986), pretendemos compreender os movimentos discursivos depreendidos de produções realizadas durante o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio, em 2004, e indicar alternativas para desenvolver práticas pedagógicas comprometidas com a formação de um sujeito crítico. As análises ilustrativas apontam que os estudantes elaboram reflexões autorizadas por certa formação discursiva, o que exige a delimitação de uma identidade e a elaboração de argumentos alinhados às escolhas políticas assumidas no discurso. Assim, evidencia-se a necessidade de diversificar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem quando se quer ampliar as possibilidades de o sujeito assumir posicionamentos relativamente a outras posições.
O conceito de doxa (opinião) em Aristóteles
Authors: Silva Christiani Margareth De Menezes e
Published: December 2016

A noção de doxa (opinião) será geralmente entendida por pensadores gregos como Platão como contrária ao conhecimento epistêmico, verdadeiro, devido ao fato de expressar ou particularidades ligadas às percepções, que podem ser errôneas, ou a passionalidade dos sujeitos. Aristóteles, através da análise de um tipo de opinião, endoxa, que coincide com o verossímil na maioria das vezes, estabelecerá as espécies de opiniões que sevirão de base para argumentos dialéticos e retóricos.
Percutaneous Therapies for Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Shishehbor Mehdi H. , Jaff Michael R.
Published: December 2016

Percutaneous therapies for peripheral artery disease continue to evolve with new techniques and devices. Although guidelines-recommended therapies have impacted cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, endovascular interventions have been shown to reduce limb pain, improve quality of life, and prolong walking distance for those with claudication and to reduce amputation rates among those with critical limb ischemia. Novel devices such as drug-eluting stents and drug-coated balloons have improved patency for moderate-length lesions, whereas others allow treatment of heavily calcified and tortuous segments. New adjunctive devices to cross lesions and reduce or modify associated plaque have also been developed, although level 1 data regarding their efficacy are sparse. There has also been a better mechanistic understanding of lower extremity endovascular treatment using tools such as intravascular ultrasound. This information has highlighted the need for better stent size selection for the femoropopliteal arterial segments and larger balloon diameters for the tibial arteries. Moreover, a wound perfusion approach with direct in-line flow, the so-called angiosome approach, and reconstruction of the pedal loop have been advocated for improved wound healing. Technical advances such as the tibiopedal access and reentry methods have allowed crossing of lesions that were considered no option for the endovascular approach in the past. Collectively, there has been increased awareness, interest, and commitment by various specialty societies and organizations to advance the treatment of peripheral artery disease and critical limb ischemia. This is also evident by the recent coalition of 7 professional societies and organizations that represented >150 000 allied health professionals and millions of patients with peripheral artery disease at the 2015 Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services Medicare Evidence Development and Coverage Analysis Committee meeting. The percutaneous therapies for peripheral artery disease continue to evolve with longer follow-up with randomized data and larger prospective registries. In the future, it is hopeful that we will treat the lower extremity arteries according to segments, taking into account plaque morphology, luminal versus subintimal crossing, location, and stenotic versus occlusive disease. Until then, we must identify the most cost-effective, efficacious, and safe treatment for each patient. The goal of this article is to aid the practicing vascular specialist consider the optimal choices for the management of patients with vascular disease.
Smart Interfaces for Granular Synthesis of Sound by Fractal Organization
Authors: Rhys Paul
Published: December 2016

This article describes software for granular synthesis of sound. The software features a graphical interface that enables easy creation and modification of sound clouds by deterministic fractal organization. Output sound clouds exist in multidimensional parameter–time space, and are constructed as a micropolyphony of statements of a single input melody or group of notes. The approach described here is an effective alternative to statistical methods, creating sounds with vitality and interest over a range of time scales. Standard techniques are used for the creation of individual grains. Innovation is demonstrated in the particular approach to fractal organization of the sound cloud and in the design of a smart interface to effect easy control of cloud morphology. The interface provides for intuitive control and reorganization of large amounts of data.
THE "F—" STORY
Authors: Cohn Ruby
Published: December 2016

A short story entitled "F–" was published in the January 15, 1949 issue of the Anglophone, Paris-based review transition. The author is listed as Suzanne Dumesnil (later Mme. Samuel Beckett), but no translator is named. Beckett told his bibliographers Federman and Fletcher that he was "certain" of having translated it. The University of Texas Beckettiana catalogue describes it as: "A short story by Beckett's wife, written at the time Beckett was writing En attendant Godot. The translation is unsigned." (74). Several Beckett scholars suspect that Beckett wrote the story, since it resembles his short fiction of the 1940s in its repetition, fragmentation, interrogation, self-address, and in the immediacy of its rendition of experience.
THE SECOND ENGLISIllNG OF ELEUTHERIA
Authors: Dukes Gerry
Published: December 2016

A review of Barbara Wright's translation of Eleuthéria, Samuel Beckett's first full-length play in French, written in 1947. The posthumous publication history of Beckett's original text by Les Editions de Minuit (Paris), the first translation by Michael Brodsky into English, published by Foxrock Inc. (New York) and Wright's translation is briefly sketched. The two English translations are compared and Wright's is found not only superior but also eminently actable.
MADNESS IN THE METHOD: Re-visions of Eh Joe in Recent Productions
Authors: Herren Graley
Published: December 2016

Beckett's performance specifications are exacting for directors and performers, but within his carefully constructed frameworks lie numerous opportunities for creativity. In this article I look at three recent productions of Eh Joe: (1) Walter Asmus's 1989 production with Klaus Herm and Billie Whitelaw allows Beckett's text to achieve maximum effect by offering a minimum of interference; (2) John Williams's 1995 production is also more or less faithful to Beckett's text, although Dei Hamilton's Joe is more emotional than Herm's; (3) in Homan's 1988 production lighting, set, and camera manipulations all undermine Beckett's carefully crafted designs, resulting in emotive, Method-inspired melodrama.
"THE HORROR OF EXISTENCE": A Labyrinth of Evasions in Mercier et Camier
Authors: Shidlo Anna
Published: December 2016

In Beckett's novel Mercier and Camier, written in French in 1948 soon after World War II, history is a central concern. The novel has been neglected by critics, who either ignore it or underestimate it as a minor work with major flaws. Most studies focus on its intertextual relationships with Waiting for Godot or with the Trilogy; the few critics who identify some of the numerous historical references, including specific wars, point to an Irish context. It is possible, however, to see the gaps, obscurities, and digressions in it not as flaws but as Beckett's technique of evasion–a mayor artistic strategy.

Three critical approaches are used: (1) an analysis of the evasiveness, which is a narrative technique and a feature of characterization. The combination of these approaches clarifies several puzzling aspects of this novel; (2) a Freudian reading; and (3) a neo-historical approach.

This paper focuses in particular on several war memories which haunt the two titular protagonists, Mercier and Camier, and which dictate the twists and turns of their labyrinthine journey. True to the Freudian pattern of repression and return of the repressed, they reveal in displaced form their traumatic, shameful World War 11 experiences.
"THE SCENE OF MY DIAGRACE": "Enough" and "Memory"
Authors: Lawley Paul
Published: December 2016

Taking as its starting point critical disagreements surrounding the gender of the narrator of "Enough", this paper draws attention to deeply embedded similarities between the key "scene of disgrace" in this text and the memory-episode of the mother's "cutting retort" in Company (together with its precursors in earlier texts). The scene of disgrace is read as yet another version of the scene of the cutting retort, and the gender-indeterminacy produced by this reading is then related to the familiar Beckettian scenario of the imperfect (and therefore continually repeated) birth.
A PAIN IN THE NECK: Memory, Sores, and Setting in Samuel Beckett
Authors: Strong Benjamin
Published: December 2016

The overlooked pervasiveness of chronie sores on the bodies of Beckett's characters offers new explanations for both the disappearance of a realistic setting – one located in a specific place and time – in his first "mature" works (Watt through the 'Trilogy' and early plays) and his use of repetition. Using statements about memory in Proust as evidence, this essay demonstrates that epidermal eruptions (like cysts), because their pains are repetitious, lead Beckett's characters to dull their sensory perceptions, resulting in a perception of a dulled world. Finally, these sores suggest an alternative understanding of repetition in Beckett's texts to that of postructuralist readings.
A PSYCHOANALYTICAL APPROACH TO BECKETT'S "FIRST LOVE"
Authors: Hillenaar Henk
Published: December 2016

In "First Love", a highly intelligent, witty narrator looks back to a highly repressive world – his own inner world – where he behaves as a child, a baby, now and then even as a foetus. This article wants to show how "First Love" has been influenced, from the first line to the last, by the author's experiences of psychoanalysis. The theories of Wilfred Bion, who was Beckett's analyst for some years, seem to be the watermark of important parts of this text, which could be named a 'metapsychological story'.
Introduction to the “Evaluating the Impact of Structural Policies on Health Inequalities and Their Social Determinants and Fostering Change” (SOPHIE) Project
Authors: Borrell Carme , Malmusi Davide , Muntaner Carles
Published: December 2016

The SOPHIE Project (acronym for Structural Policies for Health Inequalities Evaluation) has focused on evaluating the impact of structural policies on health equity, considering as such all those policies that exert a powerful influence on the structural determinants of health (e.g., patterns of social stratification, living and working conditions) and thus on health-related exposures through intermediary determinants. In these sections of the International Journal of Health Services, we present some of the main findings of the SOPHIE Project. We include both articles that summarize all the evidence already published in the project on a thematic area (such as labor market, gender, or housing) and articles that present new, unpublished evidence on a specific health inequality or policy.
Position paper for guiding response to non-suicidal self-injury in schools
Authors: Hasking Penelope A. , Heath Nancy L. , Kaess Michael , Lewis Stephen P. , Plener Paul L. , Walsh Barent W. , Whitlock Janis , Wilson Marc S.
Published: December 2016

Around the world, school staff are increasingly expressing concern about nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and how best to address this behavior in the school setting. However, there is a notable lack of informed guidance for schools, and clear inconsistencies in the practices school staff adopt. In this position paper we draw on our collective research and clinical expertise to provide best-practice guidelines for addressing NSSI in school settings. We outline the importance of a school protocol, and the key features all school protocols should contain. We also focus on how schools can minimize contagion of NSSI within their school environment. We believe these guidelines will be an important starting point for schools interested in developing an evidence-based approach to addressing NSSI.
Taking the lead
Authors: Schulz Mary
Published: December 2016

Healthcare providers working with people living with dementia often experience a profound sense of grief when the person they support dies or moves to an alternative level of care. Unattended staff grief can impact healthcare leaders by reducing quality of care, increasing staff turnover and absenteeism, lowering morale, and creating a greater risk of long-term staff health problems. Organizational and self-care strategies can mitigate these challenges.
Appropriate ethics review is required
Authors: Flaming Don
Published: December 2016

Health leaders manage many types of risk. One type of risk that may be underrecognized is the ethical risk in the many projects and activities that are done regularly besides research (eg, program evaluation, quality improvement, and health innovation). Applying clinical, personal, professional, and organizational ethics can help address the risks but are insufficient by themselves or in combination. Each different type of project or activity requires an ethics review that is appropriate for that activity. Health leaders must first acknowledge that ethical risks exist in many of the activities occurring in their organization and then support the different types of ethics review required to adequately protect and respect people and their information.
Understanding the diverging trajectories of slaughterhouse work in Denmark and Germany: A power resource approach
Authors: Wagner Ines , Refslund Bjarke
Published: December 2016

Germany and Denmark are among the world’s largest exporters of meat products. Two decades ago their labour markets were similar, but since then they have diverged significantly. The industry in Denmark has maintained high wages and good working conditions, while in Germany there has been a rapid growth in precarious employment, with widespread use of subcontracted and posted migrant workers. We argue that the key explanation for this radical difference is the power position of the trade unions, which also affects how employers position themselves. We show how trade union power embedded in the local and sectoral industrial relations systems influences the wages and working conditions in German and Danish slaughterhouses.
Metasynthetic Madness
Authors: Thorne Sally
Published: December 2016

From its origins in the 1990s, the qualitative health research metasynthesis project represented a methodological maneuver to capitalize on a growing investment in qualitatively derived study reports to create an interactive dialogue among them that would surface expanded insights about complex human phenomena. However, newer forms positioning themselves as qualitative metasynthesis but representing a much more technical and theoretically superficial form of scholarly enterprise have begun to appear in the health research literature. It seems imperative that we think through the implications of this trend and determine whether it is to be afforded the credibility of being a form of qualitative scholarship and, if so, what kind of scholarship it represents. As the standardization trend in synthesis research marches forward, we will need clarity and a strong sense of purpose if we are to preserve the essence of what the qualitative metasynthesis project was intended to be all about.
Online Peer-to-Peer Communities in the Daily Lives of People With Chronic Illness
Authors: Kingod Natasja , Cleal Bryan , Wahlberg Ayo , Husted Gitte R.
Published: December 2016

This qualitative systematic review investigated how individuals with chronic illness experience online peer-to-peer support and how their experiences influence daily life with illness. Selected studies were appraised by quality criteria focused upon research questions and study design, participant selection, methods of data collection, and methods of analysis. Four themes were identified: (a) illness-associated identity work, (b) social support and connectivity, (c) experiential knowledge sharing, and (d) collective voice and mobilization. Findings indicate that online peer-to-peer communities provide a supportive space for daily self-care related to chronic illness. Online communities provided a valued space to strengthen social ties and exchange knowledge that supported offline ties and patient–doctor relationships. Individuals used online communities to exchange experiential knowledge about everyday life with illness. This type of knowledge was perceived as extending far beyond medical care. Online communities were also used to mobilize and raise collective awareness about illness-specific concerns.
Understanding Help-Seeking Behavior in Depression
Authors: Doblyte Sigita , Jiménez-Mejías Eladio
Published: December 2016

Despite decades of evidence-based interventions, depression remains a great challenge for public health due to enormous treatment gap and lag which, at least partially, result from low professional help-seeking by people suffering from depressive symptoms. In this article, we aim to gain a better understanding of help-seeking behavior in depression, and how to intervene effectively decreasing treatment gap and delay by using a meta-ethnography approach—an interpretive technique to systematically synthesize qualitative data. It integrates views and experiences of 474 individuals with depression across 20 papers. Findings suggest several interrelated major concepts—help-seeking as a threat to identity, social networks as a conflict or support, and alternative coping strategies as the main factor for treatment delay—as well as multiple relational, structural, attitudinal, cognitive, culture-specific, or gender-specific barriers. A model of help-seeking as a threat to identity is developed and discussed in the context of existing research.
How disability is conceptualized in individual discrimination complaints
Authors: Engwall Kristina
Published: December 2016

This article studies how disabilities are conceptualized and used by citizens when they report perceived discrimination associated with disability in Sweden. A review of all 485 disability-related complaints filed with the Equality Ombudsman in 2012 shows how disabilities are conceptualized on three different themes. The first involves environmental obstacles that include references to deficiencies regarding human rights as well as material deficiencies. The second involves diagnoses and incapacity by using medical language citing medical certificates. The third involves those complaints that cite multiple discriminatory grounds, of which disability is one. These individual interpretations of disability show how citizens justify their belonging to the category of disabled people. The variations of the concept of disability can be viewed as a pragmatic way of relating to disability, suggesting the possibility of assuming different positions in different situations, where the context determines what is most suitable.
Solar cell as wings of different sizes for flapping-wing micro air vehicles
Authors: Zhang Wei , Hu Chao
Published: December 2016

Currently, the biggest challenge for flapping-wing micro air vehicles is their very short flight duration due to limited on-board energy storage capacity. To overcome this challenge, a concept of solar-cell-flapping-wing micro air vehicle is herein proposed and studied. Thirty-three types of currently successful flapping-wing micro air vehicles (including insect-like, bird-like, and hummingbird-like flapping-wing micro air vehicles) are analyzed to explore scaling laws of flapping-wing micro air vehicles. The influences of wingspan, wing area, flapping frequency, and power on mass of flapping-wing micro air vehicles are studied. A dynamic energy harvesting model of solar-cell-flapping-wing is built up and utilized to formulate energy supply rate equations of three types of flapping-wing micro air vehicles. Considering the averaged ground solar spectral irradiance and today’s energy conversion efficiency of solar cells, the variation of energy supply rate by scales is analyzed. Several critical parameters to design an efficient long duration flapping-wing micro air vehicle are suggested.
Design and analysis of a mode-switching micro unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Çakıcı Ferit , Leblebicioğlu M. Kemal
Published: December 2016

In this study, design and analysis of a mode-switching vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with level flight capability is considered. The design of the platform includes both multirotor and fixed-wing (FW) conventional airplane structures; therefore named as VTOL–FW. The aircraft is modeled using aerodynamical principles including post-stall conditions. Trim conditions are obtained by solving constrained optimization problems. Linear analysis techniques are utilized for trim conditions in examining stability and controllability. The proposed method for control includes implementation of multirotor and airplane mode controllers and an algorithm to switch between them in achieving transitions between VTOL and FW flight modes. Thus, VTOL–FW UAV’s flight characteristics are expected to be improved by enlarging operational flight envelope through enabling mode-switching, agile maneuvers, and increasing survivability. Simulations and flight tests showed that VTOL–FW UAV demonstrates multirotor and airplane flight characteristics with extra benefits.
Hexi painting on Xitian Fanjing, a Qing imperial Buddhist temple in Beijing, China: technology revealed by analytical approaches (an initial report)
Authors: Zhu Tiequan , Li Tao , Liu Naitao , Chen Jian , Huang Hong , Fu Qianli , Zhang Shangxin
Published: December 2016

Hexi painting (和玺彩画) was historically documented as the most sophisticated decorative art representing the highest levels of technological knowledge and skills for decorating the Chinese Qing (1644–1911 AD) imperial architecture. However, the technological complexity of Hexi painting has barely been scientifically investigated. This article presents a technical case study that aimed to promote a better understanding of (inorganic) materials used in, and the painting/decorating procedure of, Hexi painting. Microscopic examination, compositional analysis, and phase/fiber identification were applied on fragments of golden-dragon Hexi painting (金龙和玺彩画), the most prestigious form of Hexi painting, which were sampled from Xitian Fanjing (西天梵境) in Beihai Park (Beijing, China). The results suggest that neither the kinds of used (inorganic) materials nor the painting/decorating process is exclusively restricted to Hexi painting and distinguishes it from other contemporaneous decorative forms. It is the combination of material use and the painting/decorating procedure that seems to make Hexi painting special. Further studies are needed to investigate the use of organic materials in Hexi painting to expand our current understanding.
Unravelling the glass trade bead sequence from Magoro Hill, South Africa: separating pre-seventeenth-century Asian imports from later European counterparts
Authors: Koleini Farahnaz , Prinsloo Linda C. , Biemond Wim , Colomban Philippe , Ngo Anh-Tu , Boeyens Jan C. A. , van der Ryst Maria M. , van Brakel Koos
Published: December 2016

Excavations conducted between 2010 and 2012 at Magoro Hill, a site in South Africa’s Limpopo Province frequented or intermittently occupied by African farming communities since the first millennium AD, yielded a substantial glass bead assemblage. A selection of the beads was studied non-destructively by classifying them according to morphological attributes, supplemented by Raman analyses and XRF measurements. It became evident that a morphological classification of beads recovered from sites that include imports into Africa after the seventeenth century AD could be problematic due to apparent morphological similarities between earlier and later beads. This paper demonstrates the use and archaeological application of Raman and XRF measurements to separate earlier imported beads from later counterparts by identifying glass nanostructure, as well as pigments and opacifiers, which were not used in bead series pre-dating the seventeenth century AD. Results obtained from Raman and XRF measurements indicate that although some beads retrieved from Magoro Hill pre-date the seventeenth century and belong to the Indo-Pacific (K2, East Coast, Khami) and Zimbabwe series, the largest number of beads is from a later European origin. This ties in with the settlement history of the site, which suggests that it primarily served as a rendezvous for episodic rainmaking rituals before it became the stronghold and capital of a Venda chiefdom, headed by the Magoro dynasty, in the second half of the eighteenth century AD. The comparative analysis of the long bead sequence sheds new light on changing patterns in the availability, range, consumption and origin of glass trade beads imported into the northern interior of South Africa over a period of about 1000 years.
Untranslatable Subjects
Authors: Jarrín Alvaro
Published: December 2016

This article employs Bruno Latour's notion of “translation” to examine the ways by which anglophone discourses of transsexuality are deployed in the Brazilian context. The author argues that transsexuality is utilized by the medical class in ways that refuse to medicalize the bodies of travestis, delegitimize their access to health care, portray them as inauthentic and improper women, and render their identity untranslatable and thus invisible. In order to get access to medico-legal rights, travestis and transsexuals have formed a united political front that seeks to reduce the importance of sex-reassignment surgery as a signifier of authentic gender variance, while at the same time asserting travesti subjectivity as unique and distinct from both transsexuality and transgender identity. The author concludes that the academic community needs to develop new methods of analysis to critique the pathologization of gender-variant identities in different sociocultural contexts, avoiding a Eurocentric frame of reference.
Always in Translation
Authors: Leung Helen Hok-Sze
Published: December 2016

This article examines the role of audiovisual translation in the cinematic circulation of trans knowledge. Through a case study of the Cantonese-dubbed version of the Thai-language film The Iron Ladies in Hong Kong, the article analyzes a regional production of trans meanings that negotiates between local subjectivities and globalized categories. The article also demonstrates the importance of a multilingual approach to the study of trans cinema.
Translation, Transition, Transgender
Authors: Baer Brian James
Published: December 2016

This article discusses the anglophone reception of the life and work of the East German transvestite Charlotte von Mahlsdorf following the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. Particular attention is paid to the translation and marketing of von Mahlsdorf's memoir against the backdrop of Eastern Europe's purported transition to Western capitalist democracy. Using the concept of framing developed first by Erving Goffman and adapted to the study of translation by Albrecht Neubert and Gregory Shreve, and then Mona Baker, the author analyzes the ways in which the presentation of von Mahlsdorf's life in the translated memoir reflects a specific Western framing of queer lives, which is later altered in Doug Wright's award-winning play about von Mahlsdorf following the release of von Mahlsdorf's secret police file and the troubled progress of the so-called transition. The article demonstrates how the careful study of translations can challenge the universalizing of Western conceptual and temporal frames by highlighting the historical and contingent nature of our sexual selves.
Tongues without Bodies
Authors: Keegan Cáel M.
Published: December 2016

Sense8 marks a number of televisual “firsts” in the circulation of trans* as an increasingly transnational and translingual identity category. It is not only the first television program to feature a transgender character written/directed by trans creators and acted by a trans performer, but it also attempts to visualize a global imaginary in thrilling new ways that revolutionize both the temporality and spatiality of televisual production. In this review, Cáel M. Keegan analyzes Sense8 as a text that simultaneously represents and replicates the conditions of hypermodern globality, discussing how the lingual politics of Sense8 strain against and yet partially reproduce the conditions of the (neo)colonial encounter.
Finding Sequins in the Rubble
Authors: Alvarez Eddy Francisco
Published: December 2016

This essay is based on the fashion choices, negotiations, and embodied knowledge or “theories in the flesh” of Bamby Salcedo and other trans Latinas in Los Angeles. Their experiences and memories are instrumental in the development of “finding sequins in the rubble,” a theoretical framework for understanding trans and queer Chicana/o and Latina/o life in the city, and how they make sense of their lives, engaging in an ongoing process of self-fashioning that involves aesthetic and affective strategies, fashion, and style practices. The essay explores the aesthetic, cultural, and archival relevance of physical and metaphorical sequins in the lives and memories of trans and queer Latinas/os.
The B3 conundrum—the radiologists' perspective
Authors: Sharma Nisha , Wilkinson Louise S , Pinder Sarah E
Published: December 2016

The management of B3 lesions is both controversial and complicated. There have been recent publications regarding how best to manage this heterogeneous group particularly in light of the Marmot Review and with the advent of vacuum-assisted biopsy technique. It is recognized that B3 lesions on core biopsy can be upgraded to malignancy in up to one-third of cases, but this is predominantly to ductal carcinoma in situ or low-grade invasive tumours. The upgrade rate is mainly associated with B3 lesions with epithelial atypia. This review summarizes the current management and focuses on the proposed future management of these B3 lesions.
Imaging appearance of topical haemostatic agents: pictorial review
Authors: Heller Howard T , Walker Brett S , Sadow Cheryl A , Frates Mary C
Published: December 2016

Topical haemostatic agents have become an essential tool to assist with the control of bleeding during surgery as well as to facilitate wound closure. The imaging appearance of these agents can overlap that of abscess or tumour. Knowledge of the appearance of these various agents on ultrasound and CT is crucial to avoid misdiagnosing pathology, potentially resulting in unnecessary interventional procedures.
Variability in Micro-level Innovation Performance in Natural Resource-processing Industries in the Context of Emerging Economies: Firm-level Evidence from Forestry, Pulp and Paper Firms in Brazil
Authors: Figueiredo Paulo N.
Published: December 2016

This paper explores the relationship between micro-level innovation performance, changes in institutional frameworks and the mediating role of strategy embeddedness in the context of firms from emerging economies (known as latecomer firms). The paper is based on a multiple case-study design that draws on first-hand longitudinal evidence gathered during a three-year fieldwork campaign centered on 13 firms from the forestry, pulp and paper industries in Brazil (1950-2009). The results suggest that variability in the firms’ innovation performance, proxied as capability levels, across changing institutional frameworks was mediated by degrees of strategy embeddedness. Specifically, the following applied to firms that pursued proactive strategy embeddedness: (i) their innovation performance was significantly higher over time than firms that pursued active and/or reactive strategy embeddedness; (ii) they faced whatever discontinuities with progressively higher levels of innovation performance than firms that pursued an active and/or reactive strategy embeddedness; (iii) they sought to shape their institutional frameworks to overcome hurdles inherent to their latecomer condition and negotiate their transitions into world-leading technological and commercial positions. Although macro- and meso-level institutional frameworks are necessary for industrial growth, innovation and competitiveness, these achievements largely depend on the nature and dynamics of firms’ own strategic choices and related innovation efforts. Policymaking should therefore involve coordinated efforts between government and firms. Based on a novel theoretical framework and rich empirical assessment, this paper contributes to advancing our understanding of factors affecting the innovation performance of latecomer firms, especially in natural-resource processing industries.
Human brain harbors single nucleotide somatic variations in functionally relevant genes possibly mediated by oxidative stress
Authors: Sharma Anchal , Ansari Asgar Hussain , Kumari Renu , Pandey Rajesh , Rehman Rakhshinda , Mehani Bharati , Varma Binuja , Desiraju Bapu K. , Mabalirajan Ulaganathan , Agrawal Anurag , Mukhopadhyay Arijit
Published: December 2016

Somatic variation in DNA can cause cells to deviate from the preordained genomic path in both disease and healthy conditions. Here, using exome sequencing of paired tissue samples, we show that the normal human brain harbors somatic single base variations measuring up to 0.48% of the total variations. Interestingly, about 64% of these somatic variations in the brain are expected to lead to non-synonymous changes, and as much as 87% of these represent G:C>T:A transversion events. Further, the transversion events in the brain were mostly found in the frontal cortex, whereas the corpus callosum from the same individuals harbors the reference genotype. We found a significantly higher amount of 8-OHdG (oxidative stress marker) in the frontal cortex compared to the corpus callosum of the same subjects (p<0.01), correlating with the higher G:C>T:A transversions in the cortex. We found significant enrichment for axon guidance and related pathways for genes harbouring somatic variations. This could represent either a directed selection of genetic variations in these pathways or increased susceptibility of some loci towards oxidative stress. This study highlights that oxidative stress possibly influence single nucleotide somatic variations in normal human brain.
Building pathway graphs from BioPAX data in R
Authors: Benis Nirupama , Schokker Dirkjan , Kramer Frank , Smits Mari A. , Suarez-Diez Maria
Published: December 2016

Biological pathways are increasingly available in the BioPAX format which uses an RDF model for data storage. One can retrieve the information in this data model in the scripting language R using the package rBiopaxParser, which converts the BioPAX format to one readable in R. It also has a function to build a regulatory network from the pathway information. Here we describe an extension of this function. The new function allows the user to build graphs of entire pathways, including regulated as well as non-regulated elements, and therefore provides a maximum of information. This function is available as part of the rBiopaxParser distribution from Bioconductor.
SciLite: a platform for displaying text-mined annotations as a means to link research articles with biological data
Authors: Venkatesan Aravind , Kim Jee-Hyub , Talo Francesco , Ide-Smith Michele , Gobeill Julien , Carter Jacob , Batista-Navarro Riza , Ananiadou Sophia , Ruch Patrick , McEntyre Johanna
Published: December 2016

Biological databases are fundamental to biological research and discovery. Database curation adds highly precise and useful information, usually extracted from the literature through experts reading research articles. The significant amount of time and effort put in by curators, against the backdrop of tremendous data growth, makes manual curation a high value task. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find ways to scale curation efforts by improving data integration, linking literature to the underlying data.

As part of the development of Europe PMC, we have developed a new platform, SciLite, that overlays text-mined annotations on research articles. The aim is to aid Europe PMC users in finding key concepts more easily and provide links to related resources or tools, bridging the gap between literature and biological data.
Drive choice for product controlled mechanical oscillations in technology of arc welding and welding deposition with pulse impacts
Authors: Чикал Андрей , Chikal Andrey , Исаков Андрей , Isakov Andrey , Козырко Олег , Kozyrko Oleg , Лебедев Владимир , Lebedev Vladimir , Драган Станислав , Dragan Stanislav , Галь Анатолий , Gal Anatoliy
Published: December 2016

A comparative analysis of drives is carried out in conformity with the technology of arc welding and welding deposition with controlled pulse impacts upon a product. The criteria of the choice of a drive type for controlled pulse oscillations of a product and prospects for drives use on the basis of electro-mechanical actuators are substantiated.
Origin and extinction of technical terms, improvement of concepts and definitions in engineering technique
Authors: Ермаков Юрий , Ermakov Yuriy
Published: December 2016

The technical terminology reflect level of evolution of science and technique. The dislodging of old terms by means of new words considering the same conception is considered. At the same time take it old terms in the contemporary language root. Dying off terms without replacement is useless latest technique provoked. For instance, disused command apparatus. His functions carry with vast advantage a computer out. Mass appearance of new terms is with conception a new sphere of science, for instance cybernetic and electronic, connected. The appearance of hybrid terms, cooperation and widen techniques and colloquial vocabulary is considered.
High technology in platforms leveling and weighing
Authors: Мушкин О. , Mushkin O. , Труханов Владимир , Trukhanov Vladimir , Николаева Н. , Nikolaeva N.
Published: December 2016

For the optimization of a leveling and weighing system of different machines there is developed a program for the basic parameters computation of leveling: a speed of outriggers retraction and a width of an insensibility area of a threshold element. This program is carried out on the basis of the algorithm created according to the computation specified parameters of a platform.
Cochlear implantation: a review of current clinical practice
Authors: Hajioff Daniel
Published: December 2016

Cochlear implants treat severe hearing loss by providing direct electrical stimulation to auditory nerve endings. This article reviews the clinical assessment, surgical procedure and outcomes, and looks at newer developments such as preservation of residual hearing and bilateral implantation.
The characteristics and formation of granulation tissue
Authors: Flanagan M.
Published: December 2016

An overview of the processes involved in the formation of healthy granulation tissue in a wound and factors affecting its management
The use of larval therapy in wound management
Authors: Thomas S. , Andrews A. , Jones M.
Published: December 2016

An update and detailed guide on the use of sterile larvae in chronic or infected wounds