bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of a new noninvasive index for hepatic steatosis in patients with hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiao , Wang Gongsui , Kang Kaifu , Wu Guobiao , Wang Peng
Published: September 2016

The aim of the present study was to construct a cost-effective noninvasive diagnostic index for prediction of hepatic steatosis in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. From January 2011 to January 2015, a total of 364 consecutive subjects who underwent liver biopsies were enrolled. The Receiver-operating characteristic(ROC) curves and Obuchowski measure were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the new index. The AUROCs of steatosis index of patients with HBV infection (SIHBV) in predicting of steatosis were 0.929 (95% confidence interval:0.889–0.970, P < 0.05) in the model group and 0.855 (0.794–0.917, P < 0.05) in the validation group respectively. Comparisons of AUROCs demonstrated that SIHBV was significantly superior to Korean Score, fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), lipid accumulation product(LAP), and fatty liver disease (FLD) index for prediction of hepatic steatosis in model group and validation group(all P < 0.01). Especially for patients with hepatic steatosis percentage of 5.0–9.9% and 10.0–19.9%, SIHBV had a sensitivity of 63.6% and 79.2%, whereas it were 29.1% and 45.8% for Ultrasonography (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, as a cost-effective, simple, noninvasive, and readily available method, SIHBV may act as a massive screening tool before further examinations such as MRI, CT, transient elastography, or liver biopsy, especially for developing countries.
High correlation of Middle East respiratory syndrome spread with Google search and Twitter trends in Korea
Authors: Shin Soo-Yong , Seo Dong-Woo , An Jisun , Kwak Haewoon , Kim Sung-Han , Gwack Jin , Jo Min-Woo
Published: September 2016

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was exported to Korea in 2015, resulting in a threat to neighboring nations. We evaluated the possibility of using a digital surveillance system based on web searches and social media data to monitor this MERS outbreak. We collected the number of daily laboratory-confirmed MERS cases and quarantined cases from May 11, 2015 to June 26, 2015 using the Korean government MERS portal. The daily trends observed via Google search and Twitter during the same time period were also ascertained using Google Trends and Topsy. Correlations among the data were then examined using Spearman correlation analysis. We found high correlations (>0.7) between Google search and Twitter results and the number of confirmed MERS cases for the previous three days using only four simple keywords: “MERS”, “"Equation missing"” (“MERS (in Korean)”), “"Equation missing"” (“MERS symptoms (in Korean)”), and “"Equation missing"” (“MERS hospital (in Korean)”). Additionally, we found high correlations between the Google search and Twitter results and the number of quarantined cases using the above keywords. This study demonstrates the possibility of using a digital surveillance system to monitor the outbreak of MERS.
CRISPRdigger: detecting CRISPRs with better direct repeat annotations
Authors: Ge Ruiquan , Mai Guoqin , Wang Pu , Zhou Manli , Luo Youxi , Cai Yunpeng , Zhou Fengfeng
Published: September 2016

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are important genetic elements in many bacterial and archaeal genomes, and play a key role in prokaryote immune systems’ fight against invasive foreign elements. The CRISPR system has also been engineered to facilitate target gene editing in eukaryotic genomes. Using the common features of mis-annotated CRISPRs in prokaryotic genomes, this study proposed an accurate de novo CRISPR annotation program CRISPRdigger, which can take a partially assembled genome as its input. A comprehensive comparison with the three existing programs demonstrated that CRISPRdigger can recover more Direct Repeats (DRs) for CRISPRs and achieve a higher accuracy for a query genome. The program was implemented by Perl and all the parameters had default values, so that a user could annotate CRISPRs in a query genome by supplying only a genome sequence in the FASTA format. All the supplementary data are available at http://www.healthinformaticslab.org/supp/.
The Surface Polarized Graphene Oxide Quantum Dot Films for Flexible Nanogenerators
Authors: Liu Liangbin , Cheng Yafei , Zhu Lili , Lee Shuit-Tong , Liao Fan , Shao Mingwang
Published: September 2016

Abundant disorderly-distributed surface functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether and amino groups, endow an isolated graphene oxide quantum dot (GOQD) the polar property due to the symmetry breaking, although the aggregated counterparts present no polarization owing to the random orientation. Here, flexible polarized films were fabricated using aggregated GOQDs with the assistance of external electric fields and their polarization was confirmed with the electrostatic force microscopy and polarization-electric field hysteresis loop. Such polarized GOQD films may induce charges under externally applied deformation. Here, we fabricated nanogenerators based on the films, which gave out an average current value of 0.12 μA and an average voltage value of 12 V under a mechanical force of 60 N. This work has proposed a convenient electric-field-assisted method to give the nanomaterials new functions, which can be generalized to other materials and found applications in various fields.
Docetaxel plus cetuximab biweekly is an active regimen for the first-line treatment of patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer
Authors: Posch Doris , Fuchs Hannah , Kornek Gabriela , Grah Anja , Pammer Johannes , Aretin Marie-Bernadette , Fuereder Thorsten
Published: September 2016

For patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) limited therapeutic options exist. Only a subset of patients is suitable for combination chemotherapy regimens. Biweekly docetaxel plus cetuximab might be an alternative option. Thus, we performed this retrospective analysis in unselected patients in order to investigate the efficacy and safety of this regimen. Thirty-one patients receiving off protocol docetaxel (50 mg/m2) plus cetuximab (500 mg/m2) biweekly were included. Data collection included baseline demographic, response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS) as well as toxicity. OS and PFS were 8.3 months (95% CI 4.8–11.8) and 4.0 months (95% CI 1.0–7.0), respectively. Three (9.7%) patients achieved a complete response and one patient (3.2%) a partial response. The DCR was 41.9% and we observed an ORR of 12.9%. The one-year survival rate was 25.8%. The therapy was well tolerated and the most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (19.4%), hypomagnesaemia (12.9%) and acne-like rash (9.7%). Biweekly cetuximab/docetaxel is an effective regimen and well tolerated in R/M SCCHN patients not suitable for platinum doublet treatment. Further evaluation of this regimen in prospective clinical trials is warranted.
Sterilizing immunity to influenza virus infection requires local antigen-specific T cell response in the lungs
Authors: Dutta Avijit , Huang Ching-Tai , Lin Chun-Yen , Chen Tse-Ching , Lin Yung-Chang , Chang Chia-Shiang , He Yueh-Chia
Published: September 2016

Sterilizing immunity is a unique immune status, which prevents effective virus infection into the host. It is different from the immunity that allows infection but with subsequent successful eradication of the virus. Pre-infection induces sterilizing immunity to homologous influenza virus challenge in ferret. In our antigen-specific experimental system, mice pre-infected with PR8 influenza virus through nasal route are likewise resistant to reinfection of the same strain of virus. The virus is cleared before establishment of effective infection. Intramuscular influenza virus injection confers protection against re-infection with facilitated virus clearance but not sterilizing immunity. Pre-infection and intramuscular injection generates comparable innate immunity and antibody response, but only pre-infection induces virus receptor reduction and efficient antigen-specific T cell response in the lungs. Pre-infection with nH1N1 influenza virus induces virus receptor reduction but not PR8-specific T cell immune response in the lungs and cannot prevent infection of PR8 influenza virus. Pre-infection with PR8 virus induced PR8-specific T cell response in the lungs but cannot prevent infection of nH1N1 virus either. These results reveal that antigen-specific T cell immunity is required for sterilizing immunity.
Solitons in PT-symmetric periodic systems with the logarithmically saturable nonlinearity
Authors: Zhan Kaiyun , Tian Hao , Li Xin , Xu Xianfeng , Jiao Zhiyong , Jia Yulei
Published: September 2016

We report on the formation and stability of induced solitons in parity-time (PT) symmetric periodic systems with the logarithmically saturable nonlinearity. Both on-site and off-site lattice solitons exist for the self-focusing nonlinearity. The most intriguing result is that the above solitons can also be realized inside the several higher-order bands of the band structure, due to the change of nonlinear type with the soliton power. Stability analysis shows that on-site solitons are linearly stably, and off-site solitons are unstable in their existence domain.
Endothelial damage in major depression patients is modulated by SSRI treatment, as demonstrated by circulating biomarkers and an in vitro cell model
Authors: Lopez-Vilchez I , Diaz-Ricart M , Navarro V , Torramade S , Zamorano-Leon J , Lopez-Farre A , Galan A M , Gasto C , Escolar G
Published: September 2016

There is a link between depression, cardiovascular events and inflammation. We have explored this connection through endothelial dysfunction, using in vivo and in vitro approaches. We evaluated circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with major depression at their diagnosis (MD-0) and during antidepressant treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor escitalopram, for 8 and 24 weeks (MD-8 and MD-24). Results were always compared with matched healthy controls (CON). We measured in vivo circulating endothelial cells (CECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in blood samples, and assessed plasma levels of soluble von Willebrand factor (VWF) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). CEC counts, soluble VWF and VCAM-1 were statistically elevated in MD-0 (P<0.01 versus CON) and gradually decreased during treatment. Conversely, EPC levels were lower in MD-0, tending to increase throughout treatment. In vitro studies were performed in human endothelial cells cultured in the presence of sera from each study group. Elevated expression of the inflammation marker intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and oxidative stress, with lower presence of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and higher reactive oxygen species production, were found in cells exposed to MD-0 sera (P<0.05 versus CON). These results were normalized in cells exposed to MD-24 sera. Thrombogenicity of extracellular matrices generated by these cells, measured as expression of VWF, tissue factor and platelet reactivity, showed non-significant differences. We provide a model of cultured endothelial cells reproducing endothelial dysfunction in naive patients with major depression, demonstrating endothelial damage and inflammation at diagnosis, and recovering with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment for 24 weeks.
Molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for advanced diagnosis of alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Shen Xiaolei , Ma Ya , Zeng Qiang , Tao Jia , Huang Jianzhi , Wang Lishi
Published: September 2016

An accurate, easily prepared, low cost biosensor is fabricated by a surface imprinting method for the specific determination of AFP
Routine determination of inorganic arsenic speciation in precipitates from acid mine drainage using orthophosphoric acid extraction followed by HPLC-ICP-MS
Authors: E. Resongles , P. Le Pape , L. Fernandez-Rojo , G. Morin , S. Delpoux , J. Brest , S. Guo , C. Casiot
Published: September 2016

As(iii)/As(v) ratio determined from orthophosphoric acid extraction/HPLC-ICP-MS matched XANES results, allowing routine measurement of As oxidation state in acid mine drainage precipitates.
A label-free fluorescence method for the detection of uracil DNA glycosylase activity based on G-quadruplex formation
Authors: Ma Changbei , Wu Kefeng , Wang Jun , He Hailun , Ning Feng , Wang Kemin
Published: September 2016

A simple fluorescence based biosensor for label-free detection of uracil DNA glycosylase activity based on G-quadruplex formation using a thioflavin T probe is reported.
Pulsed laser deposition of porous N-carbon supported cobalt (oxide) thin films for highly efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Bayatsarmadi Bita , Zheng Yao , Casari Carlo Spartaco , Russo Valeria , Qiao Shi-Zhang
Published: September 2016

A robust porous N-carbon supported cobalt (oxide) film has been developed by pulsed laser deposition as a highly efficient OER electrode.
Computational tools for the evaluation of laboratory-engineered biocatalysts
Authors: Romero-Rivera Adrian , Garcia-Borràs Marc , Osuna Sílvia
Published: September 2016

Understanding directed evolution rules for biocatalyst generation through the lens of a computational microscope.
In situ formation of the first proteinogenically functionalized [TeW6O24O2(Glu)]7− structure reveals unprecedented chemical and geometrical features of the Anderson-type cluster
Authors: Molitor Christian , Bijelic Aleksandar , Rompel Annette
Published: September 2016

Protein crystallographic investigations using the well-known Anderson-type polyoxometalate as crystallization additive led to the in situ formation of the unprecedented and proteinogenically functionalized [TeW6O24O2(Glu)]7− cluster.
Isolation and properties of a palladium PBP pincer complex featuring an ambiphilic boryl site
Authors: Schuhknecht Danny , Ritter Florian , Tauchert Michael E.
Published: September 2016

The ambiphilic boryl site in the PBP pincer [{(o-PPh2C6H4)2B}PdIII] reacts with Lewis bases.
Solution-state photophysics of N-carbazolyl benzoate esters: dual emission and order of states in twisted push–pull chromophores
Authors: Lifshits Liubov M. , Budkina Darya S. , Singh Varun , Matveev Sergey M. , Tarnovsky Alexander N. , Klosterman Jeremy K.
Published: September 2016

The stepwise photoinduced charge transfer in a series ofN-carbazolyl benzoate ester push–pull chromophores has been studied in solution.
Bilayered graphene as a platform of nanostructures with folded edge holes
Authors: Chernozatonskii L. A. , Demin V. A. , Lambin Ph.
Published: September 2016

The stability and the electronic properties of new AB-stacking and moiré bilayer graphene superlattices with closed edge nanoholes are studied using DFT calculations.
Unprecedentedly enhanced solar photocatalytic activity of a layered titanate simply integrated with TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Saito Kanji , Kozeni Misa , Sohmiya Minoru , Komaguchi Kenji , Ogawa Makoto , Sugahara Yoshiyuki , Ide Yusuke
Published: September 2016

We report a simple, low-cost methodology for unprecedentedly enhancing the photocatalytic activity of layered inorganic semiconductors.
Correction: Low-field thermal mixing in [1-13C] pyruvic acid for brute-force hyperpolarization
Authors: Peat David T. , Hirsch Matthew L. , Gadian David G. , Horsewill Anthony J. , Owers-Bradley John R. , Kempf James G.
Published: September 2016

Correction for ‘Low-field thermal mixing in [1-13C] pyruvic acid for brute-force hyperpolarization’ by David T. Peat et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 19173–19182.
H5PMo10V2O40 immobilized on functionalized chloromethylated polystyrene by electrostatic interactions: a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for hydroxylation of benzene
Authors: Wang Hefang , Fang Luping , Yang Yongfang , Zhang Li , Wang Yanji
Published: September 2016

PMoV2/DMA16-CMPS was used as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for hydroxylation of benzene.
Chemistry in confined space: a strategy for selective oxidation of hydrocarbons with high catalytic efficiencies and conversion yields under ambient conditions
Authors: Liu Chih-Cheng , Ramu Ravirala , Chan Sunney I. , Mou Chung-Yuan , Yu Steve S.-F.
Published: September 2016

Selective catalytic oxidation of hydrocarbons by a tricopper complex is demonstrated.
Switching between porphyrin, porphodimethene and porphyrinogen using cyanide and fluoride ions mimicking volatile molecular memory and the ‘NOR’ logic gate
Authors: Chahal Mandeep K. , Sankar Muniappan
Published: September 2016

β-Substituted porphyrins were developed as a quantitatively operating “lab-on-a-molecule” for the detection of F−and CN−ions, by switching between porphyrin, porphodimethene and porphyrinogen along with distinct solution colour changes and reversibility.
Benzimidazole–triazole ligands with pendent triazole functionality: unexpected formation and effects on copper-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation
Authors: Kongkaew Manisa , Sitthisuwannakul Kannika , Nakarajouyphon Vasut , Pornsuwan Soraya , Kongsaeree Palangpon , Sangtrirutnugul Preeyanuch
Published: September 2016

Benzimidazole–triazole based ligands, prepared from cyclization of amine–triazoles, produce active Cu catalysts for aerobic alcohol oxidation.
Synthesis, up-conversion luminescence and thermometry of Yb3+/Er3+ co-doped La2.4Mo1.6O8 phosphors
Authors: Yu Zhen , Xia Zhiguo , Liu Enchun , Liu Quanlin
Published: September 2016

Synthesis, up-conversion luminescence properties and temperature-sensing application of La2.4Mo1.6O8:Yb3+/Er3+ phosphors have been investigated using FIR technique.
Cajanus cajan – a source of PPARγ activators leading to anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects
Authors: Schuster Roswitha , Holzer Wolfgang , Doerfler Hannes , Weckwerth Wolfram , Viernstein Helmut , Okonogi Siriporn , Mueller Monika
Published: September 2016

Cajanus cajanis an important legume crop in the human diet in many parts of the world.
Heterogeneous photocatalytic organic synthesis: state-of-the-art and future perspectives
Authors: Friedmann Donia , Hakki Amer , Kim Hyejin , Choi Wonyong , Bahnemann Detlef
Published: September 2016

Heterogeneous photocatalytic systems have the potential to provide green organic synthesis routes for a number of industrially important chemicals. This review presents the latest achievements in this research field and compares them with traditional catalytic systems employed in organic synthesis.
Bioprinted thrombosis-on-a-chip
Authors: Zhang Yu Shrike , Davoudi Farideh , Walch Philipp , Manbachi Amir , Luo Xuan , Dell'Erba Valeria , Miri Amir K. , Albadawi Hassan , Arneri Andrea , Li Xiaoyun , Wang Xiaoying , Dokmeci Mehmet Remzi , Khademhosseini Ali , Oklu Rahmi
Published: September 2016

A novel bioprinted model of thrombosis was developed to study thrombosis and thrombolysisin vitro.
Multi-functional polydopamine coating: simultaneous enhancement of interfacial adhesion and CO2 separation performance of mixed matrix membranes
Authors: Dong Liangliang , Chen Mingqing , Wu Xiaohui , Shi Dongjian , Dong Weifu , Zhang Hongji , Zhang Chunfang
Published: September 2016

Incorporation of PDA@ZIF-8 can simultaneously enhance the CO2 separation performance and interfacial adhesion of MMMs.
The Bull–James assembly as a chiral auxiliary and shift reagent in kinetic resolution of alkyne amines by the CuAAC reaction
Authors: Brittain William D. G. , Chapin Brette M. , Zhai Wenlei , Lynch Vincent M. , Buckley Benjamin R. , Anslyn Eric V. , Fossey John S.
Published: September 2016

The Bull–James boronic acid assembly is used simultaneously as a chiral auxiliary for kinetic resolution and as a chiral shift reagent for in situ enantiomeric excess (ee) determination by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
Glycosylated lanthanide cyclen complexes as luminescent probes for monitoring glycosidase enzyme activity
Authors: Burke Helen M. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur , Scanlan Eoin M.
Published: September 2016

Glycosylated lanthanide cyclen complexes have been prepared and investigated as luminescent probes for glycosidase enzyme activity and lectin binding.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole based uracil derivatives as novel DPP-4 inhibitors
Authors: Li Qing , Han Li , Zhang Bin , Zhou Jinpei , Zhang Huibin
Published: September 2016

Novel 1,2,3-triazole based uracil derivatives were identified as potent, selective, in vivo effective DPP-4 inhibitors.
Structure and biocatalytic scope of thermophilic flavin-dependent halogenase and flavin reductase enzymes
Authors: Menon Binuraj R. K. , Latham Jonathan , Dunstan Mark S. , Brandenburger Eileen , Klemstein Ulrike , Leys David , Karthikeyan Chinnan , Greaney Michael F. , Shepherd Sarah A. , Micklefield Jason
Published: September 2016

Flavin-dependent halogenase (Fl-Hal) enzymes have been shown to halogenate a range of synthetic as well as natural aromatic compounds.
CO2/pH-responsive particles with built-in fluorescence read-out
Authors: Mabire Anne B. , Brouard Quentin , Pitto-Barry Anaïs , Williams Rebecca J. , Willcock Helen , Kirby Nigel , Chapman Emma , O'Reilly Rachel K.
Published: September 2016

A novel fluorescent monomer was synthesized to probe the state of CO2-responsive cross-linked polymer particles.
Novel derivatives of 1,6,7,12-tetrachloroperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid: synthesis, electrochemical and optical properties
Authors: Dubey Rajeev K. , Westerveld Nick , Sudhölter Ernst J. R. , Grozema Ferdinand C. , Jager Wolter F.
Published: September 2016

Facile synthesis and opto-electrochemical properties of various unsymmetrically “peri”-substituted perylene derivatives, with four chloro-atoms at the bay-positions, have been reported.
Multigram chromatography-free synthesis of octa(ethylene glycol) p-toluenesulfonate
Authors: Wawro Adam M. , Muraoka Takahiro , Kato Maho , Kinbara Kazushi
Published: September 2016

A detailed synthetic procedure for the chromatography-free synthesis of octa(ethylene glycol) p-toluenesulfonate is reported.
Metal ion binding of the third and fourth domains of Slc11a1 in a model membrane
Authors: Qi Haiyan , Tang Wanxia , Bai Liming , Gao Lidi
Published: September 2016

In this paper, differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) experiments have shown that the ability of third and fourth transmembrane domains of Slc11a1 to perturb DMPC model membranes is affected by metal ions.
Synthesis, functionalization, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of robust pH-sensitive CFNs–PA–CaCO3
Authors: Nasiri Mahtab , Hassanzadeh Tabrizi Sayed Ali , Hamzehalipour Almaki Javad , Nasiri Rozita , Idris Ani , Dabagh Shadab
Published: September 2016

The preparation, characterization, and application of Papain (PA) conjugated CaCO3-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNs–PA–CaCO3) is reported.
Fabrication of nanofiber stationary phases from chopped polyacrylonitrile co-polymer microfibers for use in ultrathin layer chromatography of amino acids
Authors: Moheman A. , Alam M. Sarwar , Gupta A. , Dhakate S. R. , Kumar A. , Mohammad A.
Published: September 2016

Polyacrylonitrile co-polymer microfibers of diameter 12.5 μm was used for electrospinning to produce nanofibers and then used as a stationary phase in UTLC for on-plate identification and separation of amino acid from drug sample.
Promotion effects of Pd on tungsten carbide catalysts: physiochemical properties and cellulose conversion performance
Authors: Leal Glauco F. , Moya Silvia F. , Meira Debora M. , Barrett Dean H. , Teixeira-Neto Erico , Curvelo Antonio Aprígio S. , Teixeira da Silva Victor , Rodella Cristiane B.
Published: September 2016

A multi-functional catalyst, which is able to perform both retro-aldol reactions followed by hydrogenation, is required to convert cellulose into value-added chemicals such as ethylene glycol (EG) in a one-pot reaction.
Magnetic-responsive microparticles with customized porosity for drug delivery
Authors: Gao Yuan , Chang Ming-Wei , Ahmad Zeeshan , Li Jing-Song
Published: September 2016

One step engineering of drug-loaded magnetic porous particles for controlled release and targeting.
Efficient electrochemiluminescence quenching of carbon-coated petalous CdS nanoparticles for an ultrasensitive tumor marker assay through coreactant consumption by G-quadruplex-hemin decorated Au nanorods
Authors: Cao Jun-Tao , Wang Yu-Ling , Zhang Jing-Jing , Zhou Yu-Jia , Ren Shu-Wei , Liu Yan-Ming
Published: September 2016

A novel competitive electrochemiluminescence aptasensor was designed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen using carbon-coated petalous CdS nanopaticles as an ECL emitter and DNAzyme/Au nanorods–complementary DNA as a quenching probe.
Effective enhancement of the creep resistance in isotactic polypropylene by elevated concentrations of DMDBS
Authors: Jia Chenfei , Liao Xia , Zhu Jingjun , An Zhu , Yang Qi , Li Guangxian
Published: September 2016

We present a method to improve the creep resistance of nucleated PP (polypropylene) by changing the crystalline structure.
Synthesis of hierarchical nanosheet-assembled V2O5 microflowers with high sensing properties towards amines
Authors: Yang X. H. , Xie H. , Fu H. T. , An X. Z. , Jiang X. C. , Yu A. B.
Published: September 2016

Hierarchical three-dimensional nanosheet-assembled vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) microflowers are successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method, followed by a high-temperature sintering treatment.
A new chiral dimanganese(iii) complex: synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic, magnetic, and catalytic properties
Authors: Dinca Alina S. , Candu Natalia , Shova Sergiu , Lloret Francesc , Julve Miguel , Parvulescu Vasile I. , Andruh Marius
Published: September 2016

The two enantiomeric dimanganese(iii) complexes are efficient catalysts, with a total enantioselectivity, in the epoxidation of methyl trans-cinnamate.
Facile fabrication of wafer-scale, micro-spacing and high-aspect-ratio silicon microwire arrays
Authors: Yan Jimu , Wu Shaolong , Zhai Xiongfei , Gao Xiang , Li Xiaofeng
Published: September 2016

Wafer-scale Si microwires with micro-spacing and large aspect ratio are fabricated, and the underlying etching mechanisms are proposed.
A luminescent metal–organic framework for highly selective sensing of nitrobenzene and aniline
Authors: Huang Xin-Lei , Liu Lin , Gao Ming-Liang , Han Zheng-Bo
Published: September 2016

A luminescent metal–organic frameworkgea-MOF-1, can act as a fluorescent sensor for sensitive and selective detection of nitrobenzene and aniline. More importantly, the detection limit of nitrobenzene is on the 5–60 ppm scale.
Aptamer mediated niosomal drug delivery
Authors: Seleci Didem Ag , Seleci Muharrem , Jochums André , Walter Johanna-Gabriela , Stahl Frank , Scheper Thomas
Published: September 2016

Development of nanoscale carrier systems for targeted drug delivery is crucial for cancer treatment.
Efficiency improvement in silicon nanowire/conductive polymer hybrid solar cells based on formic acid treatment
Authors: Lam Cheuk-yi , Shi Sanqiang , Lu Jian , Chan Paddy K. L.
Published: September 2016

The mechanisms causing the improvement of PCE in hybrid SiNWs/PEDOT:PSS solar cells by formic acid treatment were investigated.
Synthesis of a novel highly effective flame retardant containing multivalent phosphorus and its application in unsaturated polyester resins
Authors: Lin Yongqiang , Jiang Saihua , Gui Zhou , Li Guohui , Shi Xingxing , Chen Guohua , Peng Xiangfang
Published: September 2016

Unsaturated polyester resin (UP) as one of the most important thermoset materials often exhibits serious fire hazards.
Hybrid paper–TiO2 coupled with a Cu2O heterojunction: an efficient photocatalyst under sun-light irradiation
Authors: Sboui Mouheb , Bouattour Soraa , Gruttadauria Michelangelo , Liotta Leonarda Francesca , La Parola Valeria , Boufi Sami
Published: September 2016

Hybrid paper–TiO2, paper–Cu2O–TiO2 and paper–TiO2–Cu2O photocatalysts were prepared via a non-hydrolytic sol–gel process followed by mild hydrothermal treatment to generate the TiO2 layer, and a reduction process to form the Cu2O nanoparticles.
Enhanced SWIR absorption in chemical bath deposited PbS thin films alloyed with thorium and oxygen
Authors: Templeman Tzvi , Shandalov Michael , Yahel Eyal , Ezersky Vladimir , Sarusi Gabby , Golan Yuval
Published: September 2016

We report on chemically deposited thin films of PbS alloyed with thorium. Material properties, including the optical band gap, are shown to strongly depend on film composition, presenting a clear bowing behavior and enhanced SWIR absorption.
Examining the use of adaptive technologies to increase the hands-on participation of students with blindness or low vision in secondary-school chemistry and physics
Authors: Supalo Cary A. , Humphrey Jennifer R. , Mallouk Thomas E. , David Wohlers H. , Carlsen William S.
Published: September 2016

To determine whether a suite of audible adaptive technologies would increase the hands-on participation of high school students with blindness or low vision in chemistry and physics courses, data were examined from a multi-year field study conducted with students in mainstream classrooms at secondary schools across the United States. The students worked with sighted laboratory partners. Four categories of data were analyzed with regard to levels of hands-on participation, including quantitative coding of video-recorded laboratory lessons, qualitative assessment of the same videos, student interviews, and teacher interviews. Evidence in support of the efficacy of the technologies to increase the students' hands-on participation during laboratory lessons was substantial. However, certain factors affected the quantitative interpretation of the data: students with usable low vision experienced similar levels of participation both with and without the adaptations, and students with little usable vision often required more time than did students with full vision to accomplish some laboratory tasks. Additional factors inherent to natural educational environments were also determined to have strong effects on student outcomes.
Layered host–guest long-afterglow ultrathin nanosheets: high-efficiency phosphorescence energy transfer at 2D confined interface
Authors: Gao Rui , Yan Dongpeng
Published: September 2016

The orderly assembly of photoactive donor and acceptor phosphors within the gallery of 2D layered nanosheets presents obviously long-lived luminescence and effective energy transfer.
Fumed SiO2 modified electrolytes for quantum dot sensitized solar cells with efficiency exceeding 11% and better stability
Authors: Wei Huiyun , Wang Guoshuai , Shi Jiangjian , Wu Huijue , Luo Yanhong , Li Dongmei , Meng Qingbo
Published: September 2016

Fumed SiO2 nanoparticles have been used as a polysulfide electrolyte additive for improving the performance of CdSexTe1−x QDSCs.
Construction of a cobalt-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon material with the desired porosity derived from the confined growth of MOFs within graphene aerogels as a superior catalyst towards HER and ORR
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Yang Yan , Guan Yue , Xue Juanhong , Cui Lili
Published: September 2016

Co–N–GA is synthesized and presents better HER activity in an acidic environment than almost all non-precious metal catalysts.
Near-infrared emissive lanthanide hybridized carbon quantum dots for bioimaging applications
Authors: Wu Fengshou , Su Huifang , Zhu Xunjin , Wang Kai , Zhang Zhenfeng , Wong Wai-Kwok
Published: September 2016

Facile preparation of lanthanide hybridized carbon quantum dots (Ln-CQDs) and their potential for visible/NIR bioimagingin vivo.
Synthesis of EDTA-assisted CeVO4nanorods as robust peroxidase mimics towards colorimetric detection of H2O2
Authors: Ju Peng , Yu Yanzhen , Wang Min , Zhao Yun , Zhang Dun , Sun Chengjun , Han Xiuxun
Published: September 2016

CeVO4nanorods were developed as novel, simple and highly sensitive biomimetic catalysts and used for colorimetric detection of H2O2.
Novel Fe–Mn–Si–Pd alloys: insights into mechanical, magnetic, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility performances
Authors: Feng Yu Ping , Blanquer Andreu , Fornell Jordina , Zhang Huiyan , Solsona Pau , Baró Maria Dolors , Suriñach Santiago , Ibáñez Elena , García-Lecina Eva , Wei Xinquan , Li Ran , Barrios Lleonard , Pellicer Eva , Nogués Carme , Sort Jordi
Published: September 2016

Cell viability and release ion concentration of two newly developed Fe-based alloys.
Effect of quinine-loaded polysorbate-coated nanocapsules on male and female reproductive systems of rats
Authors: Izaguirry Aryele Pinto , Pavin Natasha Frasson , Soares Melina Bucco , Spiazzi Cristiano Chiapinotto , Araújo Flávio Arci , Michels Luana Roberta , Leivas Fábio Gallas , Brum Daniela dos Santos , Haas Sandra Elisa , Santos Francielli Weber
Published: September 2016

Quinine is an antimalarial drug; however, its use is limited by its narrow therapeutic index and elevated side effects.
Double random sources: low‐cost method to enhance local optima escaping ability in CMOS‐type Ising chips
Authors: Zhang Jian , Chen Shuming , Yang Chao , Wang Yaohua
Published: September 2016

The local optima escaping ability, which is critical for both accuracy and efficiency of CMOS‐type Ising chips, is greatly affected by the probability to accept a worse state. Theoretically, such probability is determined by both energy barriers and temperature. However, due to the implementation complexity, the energy barrier is not considered in existing CMOS‐type Ising chips. We propose a double random source based method, which re‐correlates the probability above with the energy barrier, while eliminating calculating the energy barrier for low cost is proposed. The experiments demonstrate that the method can improve the accuracy of CMOS‐type Ising chips by 7.6%, confining the error within 1%. Moreover, it can accelerate the convergence process by 100×.
Unsupervised stochastic segmentation of behaviour for learning by demonstration
Authors: Ko K.E. , Sim K.B.
Published: September 2016

A method for autonomous segmentation of motion primitives from continuous observation of goal‐directed behaviours is proposed. In the proposed method, the iterative patterns of the observed behaviours, which are viewed as motion primitives, are segmented using a stochastic topology preserving map (TPM). The stochastic TPM, which is derived from a combination of self‐organising map and Gaussian mixture, provides substantial capabilities for unsupervised learning and clustering of high‐dimensional data sequences. The results of experiments conducted, in which the proposed method was applied to a dataset of daily activities captured using a Kinect, verify that the proposed method is reliable.
Heterogeneous face recognition based on modality‐independent Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis joint sparse auto‐encoder
Authors: Hu Weipeng , Hu Haifeng
Published: September 2016

A novel method called modality‐independent Kernel discriminant analysis joint sparse auto‐encoder, for solving heterogeneous face recognition problem is proposed. A projection matrix to map multimodal data into a common feature space for representing cross‐modal image data is first learnt. Then extend the model via sparse auto‐encoder in an unsupervised manner with the combination of a regularisation term and a Kullback–Leiber divergence term. Different from classical approaches, this model does not require the data correspondences when collecting external cross‐modal data. Thus, it is practical for real‐world cross‐modal classification problem. Experiments conducted on two heterogeneous face datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Conidine Alkaloid as a Conformationally Restricted Azasugar
Authors: Pal Sujit , Dumbre Shrinivas G.
Published: September 2016

A conformationally restricted polyhydroxylated 1-azabicy­clo[4.2.0]octane core has been synthesized in search for a potent selective glycosidase inhibitor. The key feature of the synthesis involves the high stereoselective photoelectron-transfer-promoted cyclization of the strained α-trimethylsilylmethylazetidine moiety to the tethered π functionality.
Systemischer Lupus erythematodes
Authors: Aringer M. , Schneider M.
Published: September 2016

Die heutigen Therapieoptionen und -konzepte haben die Chancen von SLE-Patientinnen und -Patienten auf ein langes und gutes Leben mit Lupus deutlich verbessert. Gerade deshalb stellt die Erkrankung weiter eine relevante ärztliche Herausforderung dar. Die Breite der möglichen Organbeteiligung fordert den „Vollblut“-Internisten in jedem Rheumatologen heraus. Schübe, Infektionen und vaskuläre Ereignisse können kaum je längerfristig ausgeschlossen werden und benötigen von Patienten wie Ärzten ein hohes Maß an Aufmerksamkeit. Zusätzlich haben psychische Faktoren oft deutlichen Einfluss auf das Gesamtbild. Dennoch lassen sich für die meisten häufigen Situationen ähnlich wie bei der rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) klare, einfache Regeln aufstellen. Diese sollen in der vorliegenden Übersicht skizziert werden.
“Do not call them bastards”: Shakespeare as an invasive species
Authors: Saenger Michael
Published: September 2016

This essay assesses two dominant modes of understanding William Shakespeare’s effect on world cultures. Those two modes are anchored on the ideas of tradition and commerce. Each offers valuable insight but also carries with it inherent limitations. This essay borrows from recent interdisciplinary work on ecosystems to offer a third way of approaching the life of Shakespeare’s work in the centuries after his death. We suggest that this third mode, which can be called “naturecultural”, offers fresh ethical perspectives on Shakespeare’s life in contemporary culture. This article is published as part of a collection to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death.
Validation of fast-ion D-alpha spectrum measurements during EAST neutral-beam heated plasmas
Authors: Huang J. , Heidbrink W. W. , von Hellermann M. G. , Stagner L. , Wu C. R. , Hou Y. M. , Chang J. F. , Ding S. Y. , Chen Y. J. , Zhu Y. B. , Jin Z. , Xu Z. , Gao W. , Wang J. F. , Lyu B. , Zang Q. , Zhong G. Q. , Hu L. , Wan B. ,   EAST team
Published: September 2016

To investigate the fast ion behavior, a fast ion D-alpha (FIDA) diagnostic system has been installed on EAST. Fast ion features can be inferred from the Doppler shifted spectrum of Balmer-alpha light from energetic hydrogenic atoms. This paper will focus on the validation of FIDA measurements performed using MHD-quiescent discharges in 2015 campaign. Two codes have been applied to calculate the Dα spectrum: one is a Monte Carlo code, Fortran 90 version FIDASIM, and the other is an analytical code, Simulation of Spectra (SOS). The predicted SOS fast-ion spectrum agrees well with the measurement; however, the level of fast-ion part from FIDASIM is lower. The discrepancy is possibly due to the difference between FIDASIM and SOS velocity distribution function. The details will be presented in the paper to primarily address comparisons of predicted and observed spectrum shapes/amplitudes.
Study of a high power hydrogen beam diagnostic based on secondary electron emission
Authors: Sartori E. , Panasenkov A. , Veltri P. , Serianni G. , Pasqualotto R.
Published: September 2016

In high power neutral beams for fusion, beam uniformity is an important figure of merit. Knowing the transverse power profile is essential during the initial phases of beam source operation, such as those expected for the ITER heating neutral beam (HNB) test facility. To measure it a diagnostic technique is proposed, based on the collection of secondary electrons generated by beam-surface and beam-gas interactions, by an array of positively biased collectors placed behind the calorimeter tubes. This measurement showed in the IREK test stand good proportionality to the primary beam current. To investigate the diagnostic performances in different conditions, we developed a numerical model of secondary electron emission, induced by beam particle impact on the copper tubes, and reproducing the cascade of secondary emission caused by successive electron impacts. The model is first validated against IREK measurements. It is then applied to the HNB case, to assess the locality of the measurement, the proportionality to the beam current density, and the influence of beam plasma.
Capture zone area distributions for nucleation and growth of islands during submonolayer deposition
Authors: Han Yong , Li Maozhi , Evans James W.
Published: September 2016

A fundamental evolution equation is developed to describe the distribution of areas of capture zones (CZs) associated with islands formed by homogeneous nucleation and growth during submonolayer deposition on perfect flat surfaces. This equation involves various quantities which characterize subtle spatial aspects of the nucleation process. These quantities in turn depend on the complex stochastic geometry of the CZ tessellation of the surface, and their detailed form determines the CZ area distribution (CZD) including its asymptotic features. For small CZ areas, behavior of the CZD reflects the critical island size, i. For large CZ areas, it may reflect the probability for nucleation near such large CZs. Predictions are compared with kinetic Monte Carlo simulation data for models with two-dimensional compact islands with i = 1 (irreversible island formation by diffusing adatom pairs) and i = 0 (adatoms spontaneously convert to stable nuclei, e.g., by exchange with the substrate).
Spectroscopic determination of the composition of a 50 kV hydrogen diagnostic neutral beam
Authors: Feng X. , Nornberg M. D. , Craig D. , Den Hartog D. J. , Oliva S. P.
Published: September 2016

A grating spectrometer with an electron multiplying charge-coupled device camera is used to diagnose a 50 kV, 5 A, 20 ms hydrogen diagnostic neutral beam. The ion source density is determined from Stark broadened Hβ emission and the spectrum of Doppler-shifted Hα emission is used to quantify the fraction of ions at full, half, and one-third beam energy under a variety of operating conditions including fueling gas pressure and arc discharge current. Beam current is optimized at low-density conditions in the ion source while the energy fractions are found to be steady over most operating conditions.
Two crystal x-ray spectrometers for OMEGA experiments
Authors: Reverdin C. , Casner A. , Girard F. , Lecherbourg L. , Loupias B. , Tassin V. , Philippe F.
Published: September 2016

Two x-ray spectrometers have been built for x-ray spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas on OMEGA at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) by Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA). The accessible photon energy range is from 1.5 to 20 keV. The first spectrometer, called X-ray CEA Crystal Spectrometer with a Charge-Injection Device (XCCS-CID), records three spectra with three crystals coupled to a time integrated CID camera. The second one, called X-ray CEA Crystal Spectrometer (XCCS) with a framing camera, is time resolved and records four spectra with two crystals on the four frames of a framing camera. Cylindrical crystals are used in Johan geometry. Each spectrometer is positioned with a ten-inch manipulator inside the OMEGA target chamber. In each experiment, after choosing a spectral window, a specific configuration is designed and concave crystals are precisely positioned on a board with angled wedges and spacers. Slits on snouts enable 1D spatial resolution to distinguish spectra emitted from different parts of the target.
Measurement of the deuterium Balmer series line emission on EAST
Authors: Wu C. R. , Huang J. , Gao W. , Gao W. , Xu Z. , Chang J. F. , Hou Y. M. , Jin Z. , Xu J. C. , Duan Y. M. , Zhang P. F. , Chen Y. J. , Zhang L. , Wu Z. W. , Li J. G. ,   EAST Team
Published: September 2016

Volume recombination plays an important role towards plasma detachment for magnetically confined fusion devices. High quantum number states of the Balmer series of deuterium are used to study recombination. On EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak), two visible spectroscopic measurements are applied for the upper/lower divertor with 13 channels, respectively. Both systems are coupled with Princeton Instruments ProEM EMCCD 1024B camera: one is equipped on an Acton SP2750 spectrometer, which has a high spectral resolution ∼0.0049 nm with 2400 gr/mm grating to measure the Dα(Hα) spectral line and with 1200 gr/mm grating to measure deuterium molecular Fulcher band emissions and another is equipped on IsoPlane SCT320 using 600 gr/mm to measure high-n Balmer series emission lines, allowing us to study volume recombination on EAST and to obtain the related line averaged plasma parameters (Te, ne) during EAST detached phases. This paper will present the details of the measurements and the characteristics of deuterium Balmer series line emissions during density ramp-up L-mode USN plasma on EAST.
The cluster charge identification in the GEM detector for fusion plasma imaging by soft X-ray diagnostics
Authors: Czarski T. , Chernyshova M. , Malinowski K. , Pozniak K. T. , Kasprowicz G. , Kolasinski P. , Krawczyk R. , Wojenski A. , Zabolotny W.
Published: September 2016

The measurement system based on gas electron multiplier detector is developed for soft X-ray diagnostics of tokamak plasmas. The multi-channel setup is designed for estimation of the energy and the position distribution of an X-ray source. The focal measuring issue is the charge cluster identification by its value and position estimation. The fast and accurate mode of the serial data acquisition is applied for the dynamic plasma diagnostics. The charge clusters are counted in the space determined by 2D position, charge value, and time intervals. Radiation source characteristics are presented by histograms for a selected range of position, time intervals, and cluster charge values corresponding to the energy spectra.
Roles of bulk viscosity on Rayleigh-Taylor instability: Non-equilibrium thermodynamics due to spatio-temporal pressure fronts
Authors: Sengupta Tapan K. , Sengupta Aditi , Sharma Nidhi , Sengupta Soumyo , Bhole Ashish , Shruti K. S.
Published: September 2016

Direct numerical simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) between two air masses with a temperature difference of 70 K is presented using compressible Navier-Stokes formulation in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic framework. The two-dimensional flow is studied in an isolated box with non-periodic walls in both vertical and horizontal directions. The non-conducting interface separating the two air masses is impulsively removed at t = 0 (depicting a heaviside function). No external perturbation has been used at the interface to instigate the instability at the onset. Computations have been carried out for rectangular and square cross sections. The formulation is free of Boussinesq approximation commonly used in many Navier-Stokes formulations for RTI. Effect of Stokes’ hypothesis is quantified, by using models from acoustic attenuation measurement for the second coefficient of viscosity from two experiments. Effects of Stokes’ hypothesis on growth of mixing layer and evolution of total entropy for the Rayleigh-Taylor system are reported. The initial rate of growth is observed to be independent of Stokes’ hypothesis and the geometry of the box. Following this stage, growth rate is dependent on the geometry of the box and is sensitive to the model used. As a consequence of compressible formulation, we capture pressure wave-packets with associated reflection and rarefaction from the non-periodic walls. The pattern and frequency of reflections of pressure waves noted specifically at the initial stages are reflected in entropy variation of the system.