bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sural nerve effects on medial gastrocnemius motoneurones in the cat
Authors: Colebatch J. G. , Gillies J. D.
Published: August 2023

1. Excitability cycles for medial gastrocnemius motoneurones were recorded following sural nerve stimuli with amplitudes of 1·5, 3, 5, 10 and 40 times the nerve threshold. The monosynaptic reflex was time‐integrated to quantify the motoneuronal output and some implications of this technique are discussed. In particular it is calculated that this method specifically examines the 15‐25% most excitable motoneurones of the medial gastrocnemius pool.

2. In most cases high amplitude stimulation of the sural nerve caused a triphasic (excitatory—inhibitory—excitatory) change in excitability. Arguments are given to support the conclusion that this represents a corresponding post‐synaptic alteration in medial gastrocnemius motoneurone potential. It is concluded that this pattern illustrates the nature of the sural nerve projections to this portion of the medial gastrocnemius pool.

3. The first period of excitation began after a latency, corrected to be compatible with intracellular recordings, of 2·8 ms and had a mean duration of 4·0 ms. The minimum stimulus level necessary for this effect lay between 1·5 and 3 times the nerve threshold. The maximum amplitude of this facilitation occurred with stimuli of 3‐5 times threshold and was 60‐90% of the amplitude of the monosynaptic facilitation which followed stimulation of the lateral gastrocnemius‐soleus nerve.

4. A period of inhibition followed immediately after the period of excitation and had a mean duration of 16 ms. The minimum stimulus level necessary for this effect lay between 1·5 and 3 times the nerve threshold and the degree of inhibition increased with stimuli up to 40 times threshold.

5. The second period of excitation lasted a mean period of 50 ms and was due to activity in high threshold fibres. On average its amplitude was 50% that of the initial excitation.

6. Exceptions to this triphasic variation of excitability were found. This result is interpreted as indicating the presence of projections with opposing actions which were simultaneously activated by sural stimuli.
Potassium permeability activated by intracellular calcium ion concentration in the pancreatic beta‐cell.
Authors: Atwater I , Dawson C M , Ribalet B , Rojas E
Published: August 2023

1. Membrane potentials and input resistance were measured in beta‐cells from mouse pancreatic islets of Langerhans in a study designed to assess the role of a K permeability specifically blocked by quinine or quinidine and activated by intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+])i‐activated PK). 2. Addition of 100 microM‐quinine to the perifusion medium resulted in a 10‐‐30 mV depolarization of the membrane and an increase in the input resistance of ca. 4.10(7) omega. 3. In the absence of glucose, 100 microM‐quinine induced electrical activity. 4. In the presence of glucose, 100 microM‐quinine abolished the burst pattern of electrical activity and very much reduced the graded response of spike frequency normally seen with different concentrations of glucose. 5. Addition of mitochondrial inhibitors, KCN, NaN3, DNP, CCCP, FCCP, to the perifusion medium containing glucose rapidly hyperpolarized the beta‐cell membrane, inducing a concomitant decrease in input resistance. 6. In the presence of glucose, these mitochondrial inhibitors reversibly blocked electrical activity; upon removal of the inhibitor, recovery of electrical activity followed a biphasic pattern. 7. The effects of mitochondrial inhibitors were partially reversed by 100 microM‐quinine. 8. It is proposed that the membrane potential of the beta‐cell in the absence of glucose is predominantly controlled by the [Ca2+]i‐activated PK. It is further suggested that this permeability to K controls the level for glucose stimulation and leads to the generation of the burst pattern.
Efficient prediction of airborne noise propagation in a non-turbulent urban environment using Gaussian beam tracing method
Authors: Yunus Furkat , Casalino Damiano , Avallone Francesco , Ragni Daniele
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a noise propagation approach based on the Gaussian beam tracing (GBT) method that accounts for multiple reflections over three-dimensional terrain topology and atmospheric refraction due to horizontal and vertical variability in wind velocity. A semi-empirical formulation is derived to reduce truncation error in the beam summation for receivers on the terrain surfaces. The reliability of the present GBT approach is assessed with an acoustic solver based on the finite element method (FEM) solutions of the convected wave equation. The predicted wavefields with the two methods are compared for different source-receiver geometries, urban settings, and wind conditions. When the beam summation is performed without the empirical formulation, the maximum difference is more than 40 dB; it drops below 8 dB with the empirical formulation. In the presence of wind, the direct and reflected waves can have different ray paths than those in a quiescent atmosphere, which results in less apparent diffraction patterns. A 17-fold reduction in computation time is achieved compared to the FEM solver. The results suggest that the present GBT acoustic propagation model can be applied to high-frequency noise propagation in urban environments with acceptable accuracy and better computational efficiency than full-wave solutions.
Theoretical and numerical modeling of Rayleigh wave scattering by an elastic inclusion
Authors: Li Shan , Huang Ming , Song Yongfeng , Lan Bo , Li Xiongbing
Published: August 2023

This work presents theoretical and numerical models for the backscattering of two-dimensional Rayleigh waves by an elastic inclusion, with the host material being isotropic and the inclusion having an arbitrary shape and crystallographic symmetry. The theoretical model is developed based on the reciprocity theorem using the far-field Green's function and the Born approximation, assuming a small acoustic impedance difference between the host and inclusion materials. The numerical finite element (FE) model is established to deliver a relatively accurate simulation of the scattering problem and to evaluate the approximations of the theoretical model. Quantitative agreement is observed between the theoretical model and the FE results for arbitrarily shaped surface/subsurface inclusions with isotropic/anisotropic properties. The agreement is excellent when the wavelength of the Rayleigh wave is larger than, or comparable to, the size of the inclusion, but it deteriorates as the wavelength gets smaller. Also, the agreement decreases with the anisotropy index for inclusions of anisotropic symmetry. The results lay the foundation for using Rayleigh waves for quantitative characterization of surface/subsurface inclusions, while also demonstrating its limitations.
Effects of amplitude and duration of noise exposure on the hearing and anti-predator behaviour of common roach (Rutilus rutilus) and sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus)
Authors: Maurer Nina , Baltzer Johannes , Schaffeld Tobias , Ruser Andreas , Schnitzler Joseph G. , Siebert Ursula
Published: August 2023

This study investigates whether an exposure to two different received sound pressure levels at equal cumulative energy affects anti-predator behaviour and auditory detection thresholds of common roach (Rutilus rutilus) and sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) differently. This was examined in regard to a vessel slowdown as a management strategy to decrease vessel noise impact on fishes. Using continuous broadband noise, we found significant temporary threshold shifts (TTS) in roach, with 11.9 and 13.4 dB at 250 and 1000 Hz respectively, for the louder exposure. In contrast, gobies exhibited a non-significant shift of 6.6 dB at 125 Hz. Group cohesion increased in roach exposed to an artificial predator in the control group, but not during noise exposures. Gobies showed an initial freezing reaction towards the predator stimulus remaining motionless regardless of treatment. Our results show that a reduction in vessel speed with a corresponding reduction in source level could mitigate the effects on the auditory senses of sensitive fish, but does not appear to have any mitigating effect on their noise-induced behavioural changes. Further studies should investigate the effects of multiple vessel passages, but also the ecological consequences of the described effects on hearing and behaviour at individual and population level.
Performance evaluation of a liquid-sodium thermoacoustic engine with magnetohydrodynamic electricity generation based upon the Swift model
Authors: Huang Jiale , Yang Rui , Wang Junxiang , Yang Yupeng , Xu Jingyuan , Luo Ercang
Published: August 2023

Liquid sodium is an attractive working fluid for thermoacoustic conversion. Herein, a numerical study on a standing-wave thermoacoustic electricity generation system with liquid sodium as the working fluid is presented, based upon the Swift model. The characteristics of the thermoacoustic conversion and the output performance of the system have been investigated. The results show that the sodium engine can reach a power density much higher than the classical gas engine. Due to the strong acoustic coupling between components, the electricity output is significantly affected by the input heating power, the magnetic flux density, and the load ratio. In a typical case, the thermal-to-electric efficiency and the relative Carnot efficiency can reach 4.6% and 7.8%, respectively, with a temperature difference of 563 K and an input heat of 5 kW. More importantly, the output electricity density reaches 150 kW/m3, higher than some commercially available technologies. These results demonstrate the potential of such technology for small-scale electricity generation. Its extremely simple structure without any mechanical moving part endows the system with high reliability and long lifetime, if risks of corrosion and exposure to air and water can be avoided.
Model-based prediction of otoacoustic emission level, noise level, and signal-to-noise ratio during time-synchronous averaging
Authors: Lewis James D.
Published: August 2023

Although averaging is effective in reducing noise, its efficiency rapidly decreases beyond several hundred averages. Depending on environmental and patient noise levels, several hundred averages may be insufficient for informed clinical decision making. The predictable nature of the otoacoustic emission (OAE) and noise during time-synchronous averaging implicates the use of predictive modeling as an alternative to increased averaging when noise is high. Click-evoked OAEs were measured in 98, normal-hearing subjects. Average OAE and noise levels were calculated for subsets of the total number of averages and then fit using variants of a power function. The accuracy of the models was quantified as the difference between the measured value and model output. Models were used to predict the OAE signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for a criterion noise level. Based on predictions, the OAE was categorized as present or absent. Model-based decisions were compared to decisions from direct measurements. Model accuracy improved as the number of averages (and SNR in the case of OAEs) from which the model was derived increased. Model-based classifications permitted correct categorization of the OAE status from fewer averages than measurement-based classifications. Furthermore, model-based predictions resulted in fewer false positives (i.e., absent OAE despite normal hearing).
Hematological Adaptations Following a Training Camp in Hot and/or Hypoxic Conditions in Elite Rugby Union Players
Authors: Périard Julien D. , Girard Olivier , Townsend Nathan , Bourdon Pitre , Cocking Scott , Ihsan Mohammed , Lacome Mathieu , Nichols David , Travers Gavin , Wilson Mathew G. , Piscione Julien , Racinais Sebastien
Published: August 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effects of a training camp with heat and/or hypoxia sessions on hematological and thermoregulatory adaptations. Methods: Fifty-six elite male rugby players completed a 2-week training camp with 5 endurance and 5 repeated-sprint sessions, rugby practice, and resistance training. Players were separated into 4 groups: CAMP trained in temperate conditions at sea level, HEAT performed the endurance sessions in the heat, ALTI slept and performed the repeated sprints at altitude, and H + A was a combination of the heat and altitude groups. Results: Blood volume across all groups increased by 140 mL (95%CI, 42–237; P = .006) and plasma volume by 97 mL (95%CI 28–167; P = .007) following the training camp. Plasma volume was 6.3% (0.3% to 12.4%) higher in HEAT than ALTI (P = .034) and slightly higher in HEAT than H + A (5.6% [−0.3% to 11.7%]; P = .076). Changes in hemoglobin mass were not significant (P = .176), despite a ∼1.2% increase in ALTI and H + A and a ∼0.7% decrease in CAMP and HEAT. Peak rectal temperature was lower during a postcamp heat-response test in HEAT (0.3 °C [0.1–0.5]; P = .010) and H + A (0.3 °C [0.1–0.6]; P = .005). Oxygen saturation upon waking was lower in ALTI (3% [2% to 5%]; P < .001) and H + A (4% [3% to 6%]; P < .001) than CAMP and HEAT. Conclusion: Although blood and plasma volume increased following the camp, sleeping at altitude impeded the increase when training in the heat and only marginally increased hemoglobin mass. Heat training induced adaptations commensurate with partial heat acclimation; however, combining heat training and altitude training and confinement during a training camp did not confer concomitant hematological adaptations.
Quality Assurance Test System for Assembly of STS Modules for the BM@N Experiment
Authors: Sheremetev A. , Kolozhvari A. , Dementev D. , Shitenkov M. , Murin Yu.
Published: August 2023

The Silicon Tracking System (STS) of the BM@N experiment will be based on modules with Double-Sided microstrip Silicon Detectors (DSSD) which have been initially developed for the CBM experiment at FAIR. Each module consists of a DSSD, two front-end boards with 8 ASICs each, and a set of low-mass aluminum microcables. During the module assembly the microcables are tab-bonded to the sensor and readout ASICs. The module has 1024 channels on each side of the sensor. For the quality assurance of the ultrasonic bonding process a dedicated procedure based on the noise per channel measurements with a Pogo Pin test device was developed.
Systematic review of the relationship between burn-out and spiritual health in doctors
Authors: Whitehead Ishbel Orla , Moffatt Suzanne , Warwick Stephanie , Spiers Gemma F , Kunonga Tafadzwa Patience , Tang Eugene , Hanratty Barbara
Published: August 2023

Objective

To investigate the relationship between burn-out and spiritual health among medical doctors.

Design

Systematic literature review and narrative synthesis of cross-sectional studies.

Setting

Any setting, worldwide.

Data sources

Five databases were searched from inception to March 2022, including Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science.

Eligibility criteria

Any study design that involved medical doctors (and other healthcare staff if assessed alongside medical doctors), that measured (in any way) both burn-out (or similar) and spiritual health (or similar) medical doctors.

Data extraction and synthesis

All records were double screened. Data extraction was performed by one reviewer and a proportion (10%) checked by a second reviewer. Quality was assessed using the Appraisal of Cross-sectional Studies tool. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a narrative review was undertaken without a meta-analysis.

Results

Searches yielded 1049 studies. 40 studies met eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Low reported levels of spirituality were associated with high burn-out scores and vice versa. Religion was not significantly associated with lower levels of burn-out. Few studies reported statistically significant findings, few used validated spiritual scores and most were vulnerable to sampling bias.

Conclusions

Published research suggests that burn-out is linked to spiritual health in medical doctors but not to religion. Robust research is needed to confirm these findings and develop effective interventions.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020200145.
Global Mentorship in Neurosurgery for Medical Students Study (the GloMNMS Study): a multinational multi-institutional cross-sectional audit
Authors: Minta Katarzyna Julia , Sescu Daniel , Da Luz Dominique , Kaliaperumal Chandrasekaran
Published: August 2023

Objectives

To assess the perception of global mentorship in neurosurgery among medical students across the world. Secondary aim included investigating the factors affecting the availability and benefits of providing global mentorship scheme in neurosurgery at a medical student level.

Setting

The Global Mentorship in Neurosurgery for Medical Students Study was a multinational cross-sectional audit that included medical students currently in the years 1–6 and intercalating programmes. They were invited to complete an online survey between 11 March and 1 May 2022.

Participants

The survey was disseminated to 243 medical university ambassadors worldwide from 60 countries who distributed the survey within their respective medical student cohorts across the duration of the study.

Results

Overall, 2962 of 3017 (98.2%) responses from medical students from 60 countries worldwide were included; 1439 of 2962 (49%) and 1523 of 2962 (51%) were from years 1–3 and 4–6 medical students including intercalating degree programmes, respectively. 1712, 1502 and 1359 of responses gathered indicated that possible reasons for the lack of neurosurgical mentorship are lack of time and resources from trainees in neurosurgery, time within medical school’s curriculum and awareness of societies in neurosurgery/neurology. 1276 and 1065 of medical students surveyed reported that it could also be due to lack of funding and overall inaccessibility within the area meaning there are few networking opportunities available.

Conclusions

This pilot study indicates that there is a scope for improvement regarding the availability and accessibility of neurosurgical mentorship programmes worldwide at a medical student level. The evaluation suggested that medical students would most benefit from the neurosurgical mentorship in the future by means of increased numbers of mentors within their universities, accessibility to neurosurgical departments and the ability to choose mentorship globally via a unified digital platform.
Temporal profile of adverse drug reactions and associated clinical factors: a prospective observational study in a neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Leopoldino Ramon Weyler Duarte , Marques Daniel Paiva , Rocha Luan Carvalho , Fernandes Flavia Evelyn Medeiros , Oliveira Antonio Gouveia , Martins Rand Randall
Published: August 2023

Objective

Although adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are quite common in hospitalised neonates, pharmacovigilance activities in this public are still incipient. This study aims to characterise ADRs in neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), identifying causative drugs, temporal profile and associated factors.

Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

NICU of a public maternity hospital in Natal/Brazil.

Participants

All neonates admitted to the NICU for more than 24 hours and using at least one medication were followed up during the time of hospitalisation.

Primary outcome measures

Incidence rate and risk factors for ADRs. The ADRs were detected by an active search in electronic medical records and analysis of spontaneous reports in the hospital pharmacovigilance system.

Results

Six hundred neonates were included in the study, where 118 neonates had a total of 186 ADRs. The prevalence of ADRs at the NICU was 19.7% (95% CI 16.7% to 23.0%). The most common ADRs were tachycardia (30.6%), polyuria (9.1%) and hypokalaemia (8.6%). Tachycardia (peak incidence rate: 57.1 ADR/1000 neonates) and hyperthermia (19.1 ADR/1000 neonates) predominated during the first 5 days of hospitalisation. The incidence rate of polyuria and hypokalaemia increased markedly after the 20th day, with both reaching a peak of 120.0 ADR/1000 neonates. Longer hospitalisation time (OR 0.018, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.029; p<0.01) and number of prescribed drugs (OR 0.127, 95% CI 0.075 to 0.178; p<0.01) were factors associated with ADRs.

Conclusion

ADRs are very common in NICU, with tachycardia and hyperthermia predominant in the first week of hospitalisation and polyuria and hypokalaemia from the third week onwards.
Awareness of prostate cancer and its associated factors among male patients attending care in the urology unit at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebru Tilaye , Mekonnen Hussien , Getahun Negalign , Meseret Fentahun , Masrie Awoke , Mandefro Mihiret , Shawel Samrawit , Tamire Aklilu , Berhanu Addisu , Birhanu Abdi
Published: August 2023

Background

Globally, prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. It is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men. Symptoms may be non-specific and may not present until the cancer has progressed. Raising awareness, knowing risk factors and symptoms and seeking early medical attention is critical for prevention and detection. The objective of this study is to assess the level of awareness of prostate cancer among male patients attending care in a urology unit in Ethiopia.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 241 male patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital from February to April 2021. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from published studies and cancer awareness measurement tools. We used EpiData V.4.6.0 and SPSS V.26 for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics and linear regressions were used for analyses. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analysis identified factors associated with prostate cancer awareness. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) at 95% CI and p value<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 250 patients were approached, and 241 (96.4%) responded. The mean scores for awareness of prostate cancer risk factors, symptoms, screening and prevention were 41.2%, 43.8%, 44.7% and 49.5%, respectively. Families with an average monthly income of more than 8900 ETB (Ethiopian birr), having heard about prostate cancer, having a regular source of care every six months or more, having a history of hospitalisation and having healthcare providers as the main source of information were all significantly associated with awareness of prostate cancer.

Conclusion

The findings of this study indicate that male patients have a relatively low level of awareness of prostate cancer risk factors, symptoms, screening and prevention. There should be more public awareness initiatives to educate men in Ethiopia on the risk factors, symptoms, screening and prevention of prostate cancer.
Cost-effectiveness of ultra-low-dose quadruple combination therapy for high blood pressure
Authors: Atkins Emily R , Chye Alexander , Lung Thomas , Nolde Janis M , Billot Laurent , Burke Michael , Chalmers John , Figtree Gemma A , Hay Peter , Hillis Graham S , Jansen Shirley , Marschner Simone , Neal Bruce , Nelson Mark R , Reid Christopher M , Usherwood Tim , Schlaich Markus , Chow Clara K , Rodgers Anthony
Published: August 2023

Objective

To determine the cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of a quadpill containing irbesartan 37.5 mg, amlodipine 1.25 mg, indapamide 0.625 mg and bisoprolol 2.5 mg in comparison with irbesartan 150 mg for people with hypertension who are either untreated or receiving monotherapy.

Methods

We conducted a within-trial and modelled economic evaluation of the Quadruple UltrA-low-dose tReaTment for hypErTension trial. The analysis was preplanned, and medications and health service use captured during the trial. The main outcomes were incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) for cost per mm Hg systolic blood pressure (BP) reduction at 3 months, and modelled cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) over a lifetime.

Results

The within-trial analysis showed no clear difference in cost per mm Hg BP lowering between randomised treatments at 3 months ($A10 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) $A −18 to $A37) per mm Hg per person) for quadpill versus monotherapy. The modelled cost-utility over a lifetime projected a mean incremental cost of $A265 (95% UI $A166 to $A357) and a mean 0.02 QALYs gained (95% UI 0.01 to 0.03) per person with quadpill therapy compared with monotherapy. Quadpill therapy was cost-effective in the base case (ICER of $A14 006 per QALY), and the result was sensitive to the quadpill cost in one-way sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion(s)

Quadpill in comparison with monotherapy is comparably cost-effective for short-term BP lowering. In the long-term, quadpill therapy is likely to be cost-effective.

Trial registration number

ANZCTRN12616001144404.
PD-L1 protein expression in breast cancer
Authors: Saastad Sigurd A , Skjervold Anette H , Ytterhus Borgny , Engstrøm Monica Jernberg , Bofin Anna M
Published: August 2023

Aims

The immune checkpoint marker, Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), is expressed by both cancer epithelial cells and tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) thus constituting a potential target for immunotherapy. This is of particular interest in triple negative breast cancer. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in tumour epithelial cells and TICs in a series of patients with breast cancer with long-term follow-up, and associations between PD-L1 expression and histopathological type and grade, proliferation and molecular subtype.

Methods

Using immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 in tissue microarrays, we assessed PD-L1 expression in 821 tumours. Expression of PD-L1 was assessed separately in the epithelial and stromal compartments and classified as <1%, ≥1% to <10% or ≥10% positive staining cells. We correlated PD-L1 expression in tumour epithelial cells and TICs with tumour characteristics using Pearson’s χ2test, and prognosis by cumulative incidence of death from breast cancer and Cox regression analyses.

Results

We found membranous staining in ≥1% of tumour epithelial cells in 53/821 cases (6.5%). Of these, 21 (2.6%) were ≥10%. Among TICs, staining (≥1%) was seen in 144/821 cases (17.6%). Of these, 62 were ≥10% (7.6%). PD-L1 was associated with high histopathological grade and proliferation, and the medullary and metaplastic patterns. In TICs, PD-L1 ≥1% found in 22/34 (34.4%) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 type and 29/58 (50%) basal phenotype. An independent association between PD-L1 expression and prognosis was not observed.

Conclusions

PD-L1 is expressed more frequently in TICs than tumour epithelial cells. Expression in TICs is associated with aggressive tumour characteristics and non-luminal tumours but not with prognosis.
Feeling like an imposter: are surgeons holding themselves back?
Authors: Joseph Bellal , Tseng Esther S , Zielinski Martin D , Ramirez Christine L , Lynde Jennifer , Galey Kelly M , Bhogadi Sai Krishna , El-Qawaqzeh Khaled , Hosseinpour Hamidreza
Published: August 2023

Imposter syndrome is a psychological phenomenon where people doubt their achievements and have a persistent internalized fear of being exposed as a fraud, even when there is little evidence to support these thought processes. It typically occurs among high performers who are unable to internalize and accept their success. This phenomenon is not recognized as an official mental health diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; however, mental health professionals recognize it as a form of intellectual self-doubt. It has been reported that imposter syndrome is predominant in the high-stakes and evaluative culture of medicine, where healthcare workers are frequently agonized by feelings of worthlessness and incompetence. Imposter syndrome can lead to a variety of negative effects. These can include difficulty concentrating, decreased confidence, burnout, anxiety, stress, depression, and feelings of inadequacy. This article will discuss the prevalence of imposter syndrome among surgeons, its associated contributing factors, the effects it can have, and potential strategies for managing it. The recommended strategies to address imposter syndrome are based on the authors’ opinions.
Theoretical analysis of Arrhenius activation energy on 3D MHD nanofluid flow with convective boundary condition
Authors: Tarakaramu Nainaru , Sivakumar Narsu , Tamam Nissren , Satya Narayana P. V. , Ramalingam Sivajothi
Published: August 2023

Industry and space technology have significant issues managing heat energy and controlling mass dispersion. The purpose of this study is to develop motion caused by boundary layer thickness sheets that are increasingly being used in various engineering fields (civil engineering, mechanical, aeronautical, maritime processes and constructions). The activation energy is a critical factor in chemical reactions due to the existence of many applications in gas-cooled reactors, nuclear thermal rockets and liquid-fluoride reactors. This study presents the numerical analysis of activation energy on three dimensional (3D) nanofluid (NFs) motion via Stretching Surface (SS) with nonlinear thermal radiation effect. This is in contrast to the conventional slip condition, convective condition applied at surface. The governing basic equations are translated into nonlinear ODEs by suitable similarity transformations. The relevant boundary value problem was explored for a numerical solution for applying the MATLAB based on Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg (RKF) scheme via shooting technique. The major outcomes of current work have more concentration ([Formula: see text]) and Mass Transfer Rate ([Formula: see text]) for various numerical values of Activation Energy ([Formula: see text]). The present solutions determine very good correlation with the previously studied ones in a special case as predicted in the tables.
TFSemantic: A Time–Frequency Semantic GAN Framework for Imbalanced Classification Using Radio Signals
Authors: Liao Peng , Wang Xuyu , An Lingling , Mao Shiwen , Zhao Tianya , Yang Chao
Published: August 2023

Recently, wireless sensing techniques have been widely used for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Unlike traditional device-based sensing, wireless sensing is contactless, pervasive, low cost, and non-invasive, making it highly suitable for relevant IoT applications. However, most existing methods are highly dependent on high-quality datasets, and the minority class will not achieve a satisfactory performance when suffering from a class imbalance problem. In this article, we propose a time–frequency semantic generative adversarial network framework (i.e., TFSemantic) to address the imbalanced classification problem in human activity recognition using radio frequency (RF) signals. Specifically, the TFSemantic framework can learn semantic features from the minority classes and then generate high-quality signals to restore data balance. It includes a data pre-processing module, a semantic extraction module, a semantic distribution module, and a data augmenter module. In the data pre-processing module, we process four different RF datasets (i.e., WiFi, RFID, UWB, and mmWave). We also develop Fourier semantic feature convolution and attention semantic feature embedding methods for the semantic extraction module. A discrete wavelet transform is utilized for reconstructed RF samples in the semantic distribution module. In data augmenter module, we design an associated loss function to achieve effective adversarial training. Finally, we validate the effectiveness of the proposed TFSemantic framework using different RF datasets, which outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
Novel Antigens and Clinical Updates in Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Avasare Rupali , Andeen Nicole , Beck Laurence
Published: August 2023

Membranous nephropathy (MN), an autoimmune kidney disease and leading cause of nephrotic syndrome, leads to kidney failure in up to one-third of affected individuals. Most MN cases are due to an autoimmune reaction against the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) located on kidney podocytes. Serum PLA2R antibody quantification is now part of routine clinical practice because antibody titers correlate with disease activity and treatment response. Recent advances in target antigen detection have led to the discovery of more than 20 other podocyte antigens, yet the clinical impact of additional antigen detection remains unknown and is under active investigation. Here we review recent findings and hypothesize how current research will inform future care of patients with MN.
The Influence of Geometry on Continuous and Split Bipolar Electrochemistry Applied to Corrosion Studies
Authors: Kazem-Ghamsari Amin , Alexander Christopher L.
Published: August 2023

Bipolar electrochemistry provides a wireless approach for driving redox reactions and has been applied in corrosion, electrodeposition, sensing, and electrocoagulation. Despite the extensive study of the method, the significance of geometric aspects of the experimental setup still remain ill-explored, and a justification for geometries used in previous works is missing. The aim of this study is to provide information about how current/potential distributions of a split bipolar electrode in an open configuration are affected by geometric components. Through PDE-constrained optimizations, the most influential parameters are identified to be the bipolar electrode size, electrolyte height, and applied current. It is shown that a general Wagner number may be used to inform the form of the current distribution for bipolar electrochemistry but with limitations. The results also show that the current through the bipolar electrode is directly associated with cell components and higher bipolar current efficiencies will promote the primary current distribution.
Healthcare Provisions for Migrant Workers in Qatar
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur , Umar Sharique , Awad Almarri Safya
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the healthcare provisions for migrants in Qatar. Migration and health are intricately entwined in the GCC states, with ramifications for both migrants and their host countries in the Gulf. The GCC states are home to nearly 30 million non-national residents or migrants, constituting the largest concentration of temporary migrants in the world. The provision of healthcare services to such a large migrant population presents a tremendous challenge for most Gulf states. It is worth pointing out that migration to the GCC states is inherently transient in nature, which further compounds the healthcare challenge. This paper explores how the GCC states respond to the rising demand for migrant healthcare by focusing on healthcare infrastructure and healthcare provisions for migrants in Qatar. The study reveals that Qatar has invested heavily in the expansion of healthcare infrastructure in tandem with its growing migrant population. Qatar offers healthcare services to the increasing migrant population through the Hamad health card, which allows its holders to access public healthcare services. This study suggests that there is a need for more expansion of public healthcare facilities to meet the expanding healthcare needs in coming years.
Varying Phenotypes of Leydig Cell Hyperplasia of the Ovary: Two Case Reports
Authors: Caulkins Margaret , Ricciuti Jason , Desouki Mohamed , Mager Katherine LaVigne
Published: August 2023

Leydig cell hyperplasia (LCH) is a rare cause of hyperandrogenism that has been described only in case reports. The cases presented herein contrast the traditional presentation of LCH with an affected asymptomatic individual. The first case involves a 74-year-old woman presenting with symptomatic hyperandrogenism, whose symptoms resolved after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO). The second patient presented with postmenopausal bleeding and an abdominal mass. Following total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and BSO, pathology showed ovarian LCH with concomitant endometrial cancer. The diagnosis of LCH is complex and requires careful investigation of many differential diagnoses. Incidentally discovered LCH may shed light on evolution and disease progression. Cases of LCH found in the setting of endometrial pathology may have implications on other states of testosterone excess.
Effects of Dietary Protein and Lipid Levels in Practical Formulation on Growth, Feed Utilization, Body Composition, and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Growing Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli
Authors: Li Peiyu , Song Zhidong , Huang Long , Sun Yongzhi , Sun Yuming , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Lu
Published: August 2023

A 3 × 2 factorial experiment (protein levels, 42%, 46%, 50%; lipid levels, 9%, 12%) with three replicates was conducted in a circulating water system to investigate the effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth, feed utilization, body composition, and serum biochemical parameters of growing rockfish Sebastes schlegeli (initial weight, 29.98 ± 0.10 g). After an 8 weeks feeding trial, growth performance in terms of final body weight, percent weight gain, and specific growth rate increased with the increase of dietary protein level when fish fed diets containing a consistent level of dietary lipid. The feed conversion rate and daily feed intake were significantly affected by dietary protein and lipid levels, and decreased as dietary protein level increased from 42% to 46% or dietary lipid level increased from 9% to 12% (

P
<
0.05

). Survival rate, viscerosomatic index, and hepatosomatic index were unaffected by dietary protein level (

P
>
0.05

), but significantly increased with the increase of dietary lipid level (

P
<
0.05

). On the contrary, condition factor was unaffected by dietary lipid level (

P
>
0.05

), but significantly increased with dietary protein level increasing up to 46% (

P
<
0.05

). The moisture contents of muscle and liver significantly decreased, but the whole-body crude lipid content, the crude protein and lipid contents of muscle increased as dietary protein or lipid level increased (

P
<
0.05

). The contents of isoleucine, leucine, histidine, glycine, alanine of muscle, as well as the proportions of C14 : 0, C20 : 1, and C22 : 1n-9 in total fatty acids were higher in fish fed diets containing 12% lipid than those fed 9% lipid (

P
<
0.05

), while C18 : 1n-9 and C18 : 2n-6 followed an opposite trend. The contents of phenylalanine, lysine, and tyrosine as well as the proportions of C18 : 0, C18 : 2n-6, C22 : 1n-9, and C22 : 6n-3 in total fatty acids decreased with the increase of dietary protein level (

P
<
0.05

). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins increased significantly with dietary protein or lipid levels increasing, but TG concentration was elevated significantly in fish fed diets containing 12% lipid. Considering the present results in terms of growth and feed utilization, the suitable protein and lipid levels in diet for growing rockfish were 46% and 12%, respectively.
Supplementary Data from Syk Inhibition Reprograms Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Overcomes Gemcitabine-Induced Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Rohila Deepak , Park In Hwan , Pham Timothy V. , Weitz Jonathan , Hurtado de Mendoza Tatiana , Madheswaran Suresh , Ishfaq Mehreen , Beaman Cooper , Tapia Elisabette , Sun Siming , Patel Jay , Tamayo Pablo , Lowy Andrew M. , Joshi Shweta
Published: August 2023

Supplementary methods and Legends to supplementary figures
Supplementary Tables 1-4 from A Phase I, Multicenter, Open-Label, First-in-Human Study of DS-6157a in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: George Suzanne , Heinrich Michael C. , Somaiah Neeta , Oppelt Peter , McLeod Robert , Nishioka Satoshi , Kundu Madan G. , Qian Xiaozhong , Kumar Prasanna , Laadem Abderrahmane , Lau Yvonne , Tran Brittany P. , Fallon Maura , Dosunmu Ololade , Shi Julia , Naito Yoichi
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-4
Supplementary Table S5 from Multiomic Mapping of Acquired Chromosome 1 Copy-Number and Structural Variants to Identify Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Boyle Eileen M. , Blaney Patrick , Stoeckle James H. , Wang Yubao , Ghamlouch Hussein , Gagler Dylan , Braunstein Marc , Williams Louis , Tenenbaum Avital , Siegel Ariel , Chen Xiaoyi , Varma Gaurav , Avigan Jason , Li Alexander , Jinsi Monica , Kaminetzsky David , Arbini Arnaldo , Montes Lydia , Corre Jill , Rustad Even H. , Landgren Ola , Maura Francesco , Walker Brian A. , Bauer Michael , Bruno Benedetto , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J.
Published: August 2023

List of known tumour suppressor genes significantly under expressed in patients identified as having del(1p) in RNA-seq data from the CoMMpass dataset. A. Del(1p12): Using copy number loss of TENT5C to identify cases. B. Del(1p22.1): Using copy number loss of RPL5 to identify cases.
Supplementary Table S4 from Multiomic Mapping of Acquired Chromosome 1 Copy-Number and Structural Variants to Identify Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Boyle Eileen M. , Blaney Patrick , Stoeckle James H. , Wang Yubao , Ghamlouch Hussein , Gagler Dylan , Braunstein Marc , Williams Louis , Tenenbaum Avital , Siegel Ariel , Chen Xiaoyi , Varma Gaurav , Avigan Jason , Li Alexander , Jinsi Monica , Kaminetzsky David , Arbini Arnaldo , Montes Lydia , Corre Jill , Rustad Even H. , Landgren Ola , Maura Francesco , Walker Brian A. , Bauer Michael , Bruno Benedetto , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J.
Published: August 2023

List of dysregulated oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and fusion proteins in the presence or absence of gain(1q) based on the Cancer Gene Census
Supplementary Table S3 from Multiomic Mapping of Acquired Chromosome 1 Copy-Number and Structural Variants to Identify Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Boyle Eileen M. , Blaney Patrick , Stoeckle James H. , Wang Yubao , Ghamlouch Hussein , Gagler Dylan , Braunstein Marc , Williams Louis , Tenenbaum Avital , Siegel Ariel , Chen Xiaoyi , Varma Gaurav , Avigan Jason , Li Alexander , Jinsi Monica , Kaminetzsky David , Arbini Arnaldo , Montes Lydia , Corre Jill , Rustad Even H. , Landgren Ola , Maura Francesco , Walker Brian A. , Bauer Michael , Bruno Benedetto , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J.
Published: August 2023

Recurrent regions of chromothripsis and chromoplexy together with the candidate genes located within the regions. A. CHromothripsis B. Templated Instertion
Supplemental Figure 3 from Transcriptomic Signatures of MSI-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Predict Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Gallois Claire , Landi Matteo , Taieb Julien , Sroussi Marine , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Cazelles Antoine , Lonardi Sara , Bergamo Francesca , Intini Rossana , Maddalena Giulia , Pietrantonio Filippo , Corti Francesca , Ambrosini Margherita , Martinetti Antonia , Germani Marco Maria , Boccaccio Chiara , Vetere Guglielmo , Mouillet-Richard Sophie , de Reynies Aurélien , Sinicrope Frank A. , Cremolini Chiara , Laurent-Puig Pierre
Published: August 2023

Tumor mutational burden and diagnosed Lynch syndrome in patients with MSI-high status determined by only one method
Supplemental Figure 2 from Transcriptomic Signatures of MSI-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Predict Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Gallois Claire , Landi Matteo , Taieb Julien , Sroussi Marine , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Cazelles Antoine , Lonardi Sara , Bergamo Francesca , Intini Rossana , Maddalena Giulia , Pietrantonio Filippo , Corti Francesca , Ambrosini Margherita , Martinetti Antonia , Germani Marco Maria , Boccaccio Chiara , Vetere Guglielmo , Mouillet-Richard Sophie , de Reynies Aurélien , Sinicrope Frank A. , Cremolini Chiara , Laurent-Puig Pierre
Published: August 2023

Kaplan Meier curves for progression-free survival according to the unsupervised clusters and the line of immune checkpoint inhibitor
Supplementary Table S5 from Identifying Mechanisms of Resistance by Circulating Tumor DNA in EVOLVE, a Phase II Trial of Cediranib Plus Olaparib for Ovarian Cancer at Time of PARP Inhibitor Progression
Authors: Lheureux Stephanie , Prokopec Stephenie D. , Oldfield Leslie E. , Gonzalez-Ochoa Eduardo , Bruce Jeffrey P. , Wong Derek , Danesh Arnavaz , Torti Dax , Torchia Jonathan , Fortuna Alexander , Singh Sharanjit , Irving Matthew , Marsh Kayla , Lam Bernard , Speers Vanessa , Yosifova Aleksandra , Oaknin Ana , Madariaga Ainhoa , Dhani Neesha C. , Bowering Valerie , Oza Amit M. , Pugh Trevor J.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table S5: Novel pathogenic mutations discovered in cfDNA. List of novel pathogenic mutations found in cfDNA samples that were not detected in the bulk tumour tissue by whole exome sequencing. For each mutation, both the variant allele frequency (VAF), median fragment size and total fragment count for ALT and REF reads (only available for SNVs), and inferred status (somatic or CHIP mutation) are shown.
Supplementary Table S2 from Identifying Mechanisms of Resistance by Circulating Tumor DNA in EVOLVE, a Phase II Trial of Cediranib Plus Olaparib for Ovarian Cancer at Time of PARP Inhibitor Progression
Authors: Lheureux Stephanie , Prokopec Stephenie D. , Oldfield Leslie E. , Gonzalez-Ochoa Eduardo , Bruce Jeffrey P. , Wong Derek , Danesh Arnavaz , Torti Dax , Torchia Jonathan , Fortuna Alexander , Singh Sharanjit , Irving Matthew , Marsh Kayla , Lam Bernard , Speers Vanessa , Yosifova Aleksandra , Oaknin Ana , Madariaga Ainhoa , Dhani Neesha C. , Bowering Valerie , Oza Amit M. , Pugh Trevor J.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Table S2: Sample Summary. List of patients and samples (timepoints) included in the current study.
Supplementary Spreadsheet S1 from Multiomic Mapping of Acquired Chromosome 1 Copy-Number and Structural Variants to Identify Therapeutic Vulnerabilities in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Boyle Eileen M. , Blaney Patrick , Stoeckle James H. , Wang Yubao , Ghamlouch Hussein , Gagler Dylan , Braunstein Marc , Williams Louis , Tenenbaum Avital , Siegel Ariel , Chen Xiaoyi , Varma Gaurav , Avigan Jason , Li Alexander , Jinsi Monica , Kaminetzsky David , Arbini Arnaldo , Montes Lydia , Corre Jill , Rustad Even H. , Landgren Ola , Maura Francesco , Walker Brian A. , Bauer Michael , Bruno Benedetto , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Davies Faith E. , Morgan Gareth J.
Published: August 2023

Bayes Factor output between genetic variables Correlation analysis between deletion region, gain regions, and other genetic events
Supplementary Figure S7 from Identifying Mechanisms of Resistance by Circulating Tumor DNA in EVOLVE, a Phase II Trial of Cediranib Plus Olaparib for Ovarian Cancer at Time of PARP Inhibitor Progression
Authors: Lheureux Stephanie , Prokopec Stephenie D. , Oldfield Leslie E. , Gonzalez-Ochoa Eduardo , Bruce Jeffrey P. , Wong Derek , Danesh Arnavaz , Torti Dax , Torchia Jonathan , Fortuna Alexander , Singh Sharanjit , Irving Matthew , Marsh Kayla , Lam Bernard , Speers Vanessa , Yosifova Aleksandra , Oaknin Ana , Madariaga Ainhoa , Dhani Neesha C. , Bowering Valerie , Oza Amit M. , Pugh Trevor J.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Figure 7: Copy-number profile of CCNE1 in cfDNA
Supplementary Figure S4 from Identifying Mechanisms of Resistance by Circulating Tumor DNA in EVOLVE, a Phase II Trial of Cediranib Plus Olaparib for Ovarian Cancer at Time of PARP Inhibitor Progression
Authors: Lheureux Stephanie , Prokopec Stephenie D. , Oldfield Leslie E. , Gonzalez-Ochoa Eduardo , Bruce Jeffrey P. , Wong Derek , Danesh Arnavaz , Torti Dax , Torchia Jonathan , Fortuna Alexander , Singh Sharanjit , Irving Matthew , Marsh Kayla , Lam Bernard , Speers Vanessa , Yosifova Aleksandra , Oaknin Ana , Madariaga Ainhoa , Dhani Neesha C. , Bowering Valerie , Oza Amit M. , Pugh Trevor J.
Published: August 2023

Supplementary Figure 4: Distribution of cfDNA fragment length