bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of insulin degludec versus insulin glargine U100 on nocturnal glycaemia assessed by plasma glucose profiles in people with type 1 diabetes prone to nocturnal severe hypoglycaemia
Authors: Brøsen Julie Maria Bøggild , Agesen Rikke Mette , Kristensen Peter Lommer , Alibegovic Amra Ciric , Andersen Henrik Ullits , Beck‐Nielsen Henning , Gustenhoff Peter , Hansen Troels Krarup , Hedetoft Christoffer , Jensen Tonny , Stolberg Charlotte Røn , Juhl Claus Bogh , Lerche Susanne Søgaard , Nørgaard Kirsten , Parving Hans‐Henrik , Tarnow Lise , Thorsteinsson Birger , Pedersen‐Bjergaard Ulrik
Published: February 2023

Aim

To compare nocturnal glucose profiles according to hourly plasma glucose measurements during treatment with insulin degludec and insulin glargine U100 in a cohort of people with type 1 diabetes prone to nocturnal severe hypoglycaemia.

Materials and methods

The HypoDeg trial is a 2‐year investigator‐initiated, randomized, controlled crossover trial in 149 participants randomized to treatment with insulin degludec and insulin glargine U100 for 12 months each. The 51 participants in this predefined substudy stayed at least one night in hospital during each treatment arm for plasma glucose samples to be taken. Endpoints were glucose profiles, including mean plasma glucose, glycaemic variability and risk of hypoglycaemia.

Results

There were no differences between treatments regarding mean plasma glucose. We saw a flatter glucose profile during insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine U100 treatment, which had a nadir at 4:00 AM, with a subsequent rise. During treatment with insulin degludec, the participants had lower glycaemic variability, with an estimated treatment difference of −4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] −8.1 to −0.5; P < 0.05). Participants treated with insulin degludec were less likely to experience nocturnal hypoglycaemia below 3.0 mmol/L (hazard ratio 0.36 [95% CI 0.17‐0.73; P < 0.05]).

Conclusion

Based on nocturnal plasma glucose measurements, treatment with insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine U100 administered in the evening results in lower glycaemic variability and lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia without differences in mean plasma glucose.
Effect of local administration of eicosapentaenoic acid on the jaw‐opening reflex in rats
Authors: Osaki Hibiki , Mori Mina , Oshima Katsuo , Shimazu Yoshihito , Takeda Mamoru
Published: February 2023

Although eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) application in vitro inhibits voltage‐gated Na+ (Nav) channels in excitable tissues, the acute local effect of EPA on the jaw‐opening reflex in vivo remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine whether local administration of EPA to adult male Wistar rats could attenuate the excitability of the jaw‐opening reflex in vivo, including nociception. The jaw‐opening reflex evoked by electrical stimulation of the tongue was recorded by a digastric muscle electromyogram (dEMG) in pentobarbital‐anesthetized rats. The amplitude of the dEMG response was significantly increased in proportion to the electrical stimulation intensity (1×–5× threshold). At 3×, local administration of EPA dose‐dependently inhibited the dEMG response, lasting 60 min, with maximum inhibition observed within approximately 10 min. The mean magnitude of dEMG signal inhibition by EPA was almost equal to that observed with a local anesthetic, 1% lidocaine, and with a half dose of lidocaine plus a half dose of EPA. These findings suggest that EPA attenuates the jaw‐opening reflex, possibly by blocking Nav channels of primary nerve terminals, and strongly support the idea that EPA is a potential therapeutic agent and complementary alternative medicine for the prevention of acute trigeminal nociception.
Family‐based physical activity interventions and family functioning: A systematic review
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E. , Hollman Heather , Sui Wuyou
Published: February 2023

Family physical activity (PA) can confer multiple health benefits, yet whether PA interventions affect general family functioning has not been appraised. The purpose of this review was to evaluate studies that have examined the effect of family PA interventions, where child PA was the focus of the intervention, on constructs of family functioning. Literature searches were concluded on January 11, 2022 using seven common databases. Eligible studies were in English, utilized a family PA intervention, and assessed a measure of family functioning as a study outcome. The initial search yielded 8413 hits, which was reduced to 20 independent PA interventions of mixed quality after screening for eligibility criteria. There was mixed evidence for whether family PA interventions affected overall family functioning; however, analyses of subdomains indicated that family cohesion is improved by PA interventions when children are in the early school years (aged 5–12). High‐quality studies also showed an impact of family PA interventions on family organization. Targeted interventions at specific family subsystems (e.g., father–son, mother–daughter), characteristics (low‐income, clinical populations, girls), and broad multibehavioral interventions may have the most reliable effects. Overall, the findings show that family PA interventions can promote family cohesion and organization, particularly among families with children in the early school years. Higher quality research, employing randomized trial designs and targeting specific intervention and sample characteristics (e.g., different clinical conditions, specific parent–child dyads), is recommended in order to better ascertain the effectiveness of these approaches.
Assessment of the clinical perception, quality of life and satisfaction of patients with severe congenital haemophilia A without inhibitor after 1 year of emicizumab therapy
Authors: Oka Gaëlle , Roussel‐Robert Valérie , Levivien Clara , Lopez Isabelle , Pieragostini Rémi
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Since the approval by the EMA of emicizumab for the care of severe haemophilia A without inhibitor, most of the patients of our haemophilia treatment centre started this new treatment. Thanks to the setting of a therapeutic patient education program including three pharmaceutical consultations (PC), we could follow patients’ lifestyle evolution.

Aim

The study aimed to assess the perceived clinical evolution, quality of life and treatment satisfaction of patients after 1 year of emicizumab therapy in real‐life settings.

Methods

The study was observational, retrospective and monocentric. Every patient over 18 years old receiving emicizumab from June 2020 and who underwent the 3 PC until March 2022 were included. The clinical evolution was self‐estimated by patients with zero‐to‐six scales before versus 1 year after emicizumab, according to the following parameters: general health state, pain and bleedings (spontaneous or post‐traumatic, and patients’ identification ability). Patients’ quality of life was also estimated with the EQ‐5D‐3L survey. Their satisfaction, graduated with a zero‐to‐ten scale, and treatment management were reported during the third PC.

Results

Thirty‐eight patients were enrolled. Their general health state improved significantly (p = .0023) with an EQ‐5D‐3L score at 69.6 (±19.4) out of 100. Although chronic pains remained a persistent issue for 33 (86.8%) patients, their intensity was significantly decreasing after 1 year. Perceived frequency of bleedings was significantly reduced too. On average, the satisfaction of emicizumab therapy was 9.1 (± 1.02) out of 10.

Conclusion

After 1 year of emicizumab therapy, the general health state estimated by patients improved, the pain and the perceived frequency of bleedings diminished. Overall, this treatment received a high patients’ satisfaction rate.
Association between dietary inflammatory index and anthropometric indicators of adiposity in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: Blaudt Luana Senna , de Souza Lopes Taís , de Moura Souza Amanda , Yokoo Edna Massae , da Rocha Camilla Medeiros Macedo , Pereira Rosangela Alves
Published: February 2023

Background

Diet may play a role in the regulation of obesity‐related low‐grade chronic inflammation.

Objective

Assess the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with anthropometric indicators of adiposity in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods

Data were collected from 71 740 adolescents (12–17 years old) examined in the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents. Food consumption was assessed by means of one 24‐h dietary recall, and DII was estimated using 39 food parameters. The body mass index (weight/height2) for age and sex was used to define overweight (>1 z‐score). Abdominal obesity was indicated by waist circumference (WC) values >80th percentile and waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) > 0.50. The association between DII and anthropometric indicators was assessed using logistic regression models.

Results

The mean DII score was higher in girls than in boys (0.77; SD = 0.04 vs. 0.04; SD = 0.05). Adolescents in the 4th quartile of DII, compared with those in the 1st quartile, had increased odds of being overweight (boys: OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.37; 2.25; girls: OR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.36; 1.95), having abdominal obesity (boys: OR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.33; 1.95; girls: OR = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.48; 2.03), and having high WHtR (boys: OR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.52; 2.39; girls: OR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.46; 2.11).

Conclusions

The findings showed a direct association between the dietary inflammatory potential measured by DII and adiposity.
Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation associated with long‐coupled Purkinje ectopy
Authors: Surget Elodie , Duchateau Josselin , Marchant James , Maury Philippe , Walton Richard , Lavergne Thomas , Gandjbakhch Estelle , Leenhardt Antoine , Extramiana Fabrice , Haïssaguerre Michel
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) is mainly associated with and triggered by short‐coupled (R‐on‐T) ventricular ectopics. However, little is known about the risk of VF associated with long‐coupled premature ventricular complexes (LCPVCs).

Objective

To examine the prevalence and characteristics of IVF patients presenting with LCPVCs.

Methods

Consecutive patients with IVF and PVCs from five arrhythmia referral centers were reviewed. We included patients presenting LCPVCs, defined as PVCs falling after the end of the T wave, with a normal QTc interval. We evaluated demographics, medical history, and clinical circumstances associated with PVCs and VF episodes. The origin of PVCs was determined by invasive mapping.

Results

Seventy‐nine patients with IVF were reviewed. Among them, 12 (15.2%) met the inclusion criteria (8 women, age 36 ± 14 years). Eleven patients had documented LCPVCs initiating repetitive PVCs or sustained VF, whereas 1 had only documented isolated PVCs. In 10 of 12 patients, PVCs were recorded showing both long and short coupling intervals of 418 ± 46 and 304 ± 33 ms, respectively. Mapping showed that PVCs originated from the left Purkinje in 10 patients, from the right Purkinje in 1 patient, and both in 1 patient. Compared to other patients from the initial cohort, IVF with LCPVCs was associated with a left‐sided origin of PVCs (92% in long‐coupled IVF vs. 46% of left Purkinje PVCs in short‐coupled IVF, p = .004).

Conclusion

Long‐coupled fascicular PVCs, traditionally recognized as benign, can be associated with IVF in a subset of patients. They can induce IVF by themselves or in association with short‐coupled PVCs.
First identification of mycobacteriosis in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus)
Authors: Sandlund Nina , Skår Cecilie , Karlsbakk Egil
Published: February 2023

Mycobacterium infection in fish is a well‐known disease problem globally, mainly in the farming of ornamental fish or fish for food. Less is known about the prevalence, distribution and the effects such infections have on wild fish species. Presumptive mycobacteriosis has previously been observed in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus). Since 2018, there has been an increase in reports of granulomatous kidney disease in Atlantic mackerel with the suspicion of this being mycobacteriosis. A total of six individuals were sent to the Institute of Marine Research for further examination. They were caught in the Nordic Sea by either commercial fishing vessels or during the International Ecosystem Summer Survey in the Nordic Seas (IESSNS research cruise) between 2018 and 2020. Samples for both histological and molecular analysis were collected. Here, we detect a likely novel Mycobacterium species in tissue samples from Atlantic mackerel with this condition, on the basis of rDNA and protein gene sequences. The same unnamed bacterium seems to have been found in some Pacific marine fishes. The macroscopic and histological manifestation of the disease is described. Over the past years, there has been an increase in reports of mycobacteriosis worldwide and climate change has been suggested as one of the driving forces as these bacteria prefer warm water.
Examining the impact of major life events on the frequency and experience of daily social events
Authors: Jayawickreme Eranda , Tsukayama Eli , Blackie Laura E. R.
Published: February 2023

Objective

Life events can impact people's dispositional functioning by changing their state‐level patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behavior. One pathway through which this change may be facilitated is changes in the experience of daily social events.

Method

We examined the dynamic relationship between major life events and the subsequent experience of positive and negative daily social events in a year‐long longitudinal study (initial N = 1247).

Results

Experiencing positive and negative major life events moderated the effects of positive and negative social events on event‐contingent state well‐being and ill‐being in ways that were mostly (but not always) consistent with both endowment and contrast effects on judgments of well‐being. Furthermore, negative life events predicted an increase in the subsequent trajectory of negative social events, while the experience of daily ill‐being predicted the subsequent experience of negative social events.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the possible impact of major life events by explaining how they shape the subsequent experience of daily social events.
Pollution effects of place‐based policy: Evidence from China's development‐zone program
Authors: Hua Yue , Partridge Mark , Sun Weizeng
Published: February 2023

Environmental externalities of place‐based policy have generally been overlooked despite their welfare consequences. This paper studies the air‐pollution effect of development zones in urban China using a geo‐coded data set of 2720 counties from 1998 to 2016. By adopting the generalized difference‐in‐difference framework to resolve the problem of endogenous locational selection for place‐based policies, we find that development zones reduce ambient PM2.5 concentration by around 1.8%, leading to a total social gain of $7.75 billion USD. The environmental benefit varies by the zone's dominant industry, geographical region, administrative affiliation and time of establishment. We further show that development zones are comparably cleaner due to the incentives of central and local governments, manifested by the desire to administratively promote development zones, the attempt to satisfy residential demands for higher quality‐of‐life cities, and the employment of the national environmental monitoring system.
The SET domain protein PsKMT3 regulates histone H3K36 trimethylation and modulates effector gene expression in the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae
Authors: Chen Han , Fang Yujie , Song Wenrui , Shu Haidong , Li Xi , Ye Wenwu , Wang Yuanchao , Dong Suomeng
Published: February 2023

Plant pathogens secrete effector proteins to overcome host immunity and promote colonization. In oomycete plant pathogens, the expression of many effector genes is altered upon infection; however, the regulatory mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we identified a su(var)3–9, enhancer of zeste, and trithorax (SET) domain protein‐encoding gene, PsKMT3, that was highly induced at early infection stages in Phytophthora sojae. Deletion of PsKMT3 led to asexual development and pathogenicity defects. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP‐seq) and western blot analyses demonstrated that histone H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) was significantly reduced genome‐wide in mutants. RNA‐seq analysis identified 374 genes encoding secreted proteins that were differentially expressed in pskmt3 at the mycelium stage. The significantly altered genes encompassed the RxLR (Arg‐x‐Lys‐Arg) effector gene family, including the essential effector genes Avh23, Avh181, Avh240, and Avh241. Transcriptome analysis at early infection stages showed misregulation of effector gene expression waves in pskmt3. H3K36me3 was directly and indirectly associated with RxLR effector gene activation. Our results reveal a role of a SET domain protein in regulating effector gene expression and modulating histone methylation in P. sojae.
The phenomenology of auditory verbal hallucinations in bipolar disorder
Authors: Smith Lindsay M , Yolland Caitlin , Rossell Susan L. , Toh Wei Lin
Published: February 2023

Objectives

At least one in four persons with bipolar disorder (BD) are estimated to have experienced auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) or heard voices at some point. Yet few studies have investigated AVH in detail in this population. This preliminary study examined the phenomenology of AVH in BD to identify commonalities and differences relative to other psychiatric disorders where AVH are commonly reported.

Method

Twenty‐one participants diagnosed with BD were recruited across two international sites in the UK and Australia. All participants underwent a structured clinical interview to verify psychiatric diagnosis and completed standardised measures of symptomatology, including mood states. Phenomenological information of AVH was gathered using select questions from the comprehensive Mental Health Research Institute Unusual Perceptual Schedule (MUPS).

Results

AVH experienced by this BD sample were broadly similar in form and content to characterisations reported in the schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) in prior literature, with some exceptions including frequency, duration and the changeability of tone and content.

Conclusions

The study highlights possibly subtle differences in the experience of AVH in BD, including the potential influence of mood congruence as a pertinent clinical feature. Further research into these differences might inform adaptations to existing AVH interventions to ensure they are relevant for BD.
Analytic Catholic Epistemologies of Faith: A Survey of Developments
Authors: McNabb Tyler Dalton
Published: February 2023

If you were to take a time machine and travel back to the 1980s, Catholic epistemology would look drastically different than it does today, at least in analytic circles. One of those drastic changes relates to whether Catholic epistemology is consistent with Reformed epistemology. Another issue relates to whether St. Thomas Aquinas was a classical evidentialist. In this paper, I survey recent developments in Catholic epistemology. I do this by first looking at Gregory Stacey's recent work arguing the Catholic Church's teaching on faith is best situated in a Reformed epistemological framework. I then engage decades old objections to Reformed epistemology from a Catholic perspective. I respond to these objections partly by surveying recent work by Catholic epistemologists. The paper then takes a turn to look at the recent scholarship on Aquinas' epistemology. I show that there is now an emerging consensus that Aquinas belongs not to a hard evidentialist camp as it was previously thought, but rather an externalist friendly tradition.
Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures
Authors: Raza A. , Charagh S. , Abbas S. , Hassan M. U. , Saeed F. , Haider S. , Sharif R. , Anand A. , Corpas F. J. , Jin W. , Varshney R. K.
Published: February 2023

Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat and cold) disturb plant growth and development, reduce productivity and, in severe cases, lead to plant death. Plants have developed numerous strategies to mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure to stress leads to the accumulation of various metabolites,e.g.sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids and amino acids. Plants accumulate the amino acid ‘proline’ in response to several abiotic stresses, including temperature stress. Proline abundance may result fromde novosynthesis, hydrolysis of proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. Proline also leads to stress tolerance by maintaining the osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity and indirectly modulating metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the crosstalk of proline with other osmoprotectants and signalling molecules,e.g.glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble sugars, helps to strengthen protective mechanisms in stressful environments. Development of less temperature‐responsive cultivars can be achieved by manipulating the biosynthesis of proline through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview of plant responses to extreme temperatures and an outline of proline metabolism under such temperatures. The exogenous application of proline as a protective molecule under extreme temperatures is also presented. Proline crosstalk and interaction with other molecules is also discussed. Finally, the potential of genetic engineering of proline‐related genes is explained to develop ‘temperature‐smart’ plants. In short, exogenous application of proline and genetic engineering of proline genes promise ways forward for developing ‘temperature‐smart’ future crop plants.
Populism, democracy, and the post‐2020 Republican Party in Congress
Authors: Lee Frances
Published: February 2023

Populist chief executives tend to weaken democracies by undermining the rule of law and horizontal accountability. For insight into the resilience of American democracy against such threats, this article takes a close look at how the Republican Party in Congress responded to President Donald J.Trump's attack on the legitimacy of American elections following his loss in the 2020 elections. It examines post‐2020 congressional Republicans’ decisions about party positioning, legislative party leadership and membership, and Trump's status as party leader. In each set of decisions, congressional Republicans pursued their own interests rather than echoing Trump's claims or taking direction from him. Congressional Republicans, however, largely declined to criticize Trump directly in light of their voters’ continued support for him, support that was evident in the 2022 Republican primaries. The overall conclusion is that the self‐interest of separately elected members of Congress offers a significant, albeit imperfect defense against a populist chief executive's bid for hegemony.
Utility of deceased donor cultures in solid organ transplantation in preventing donor‐derived bacterial and fungal infectious diseases transmission
Authors: Boutin Catherine‐Audrey , Pouch Stephanie M. , Ison Michael G.
Published: February 2023

Deceased donor and organ perfusion fluid cultures are obtained in order to inform recipient antimicrobial management and therefore reduce the risk of donor‐derived bacterial and fungal infections. However, important heterogeneity exists in laboratory practice across organ procurement organizations and clinical management of culture results across transplant centers. While not standardized, the clinical approach to donors with positive bacterial and/or fungal cultures should be informed by the risk of donor‐derived infection (DDI) and the consequence of organ non‐utilization and account for potential unintended effects of antimicrobial use in the recipient. In this review, we summarize the literature on bacterial and fungal DDIs, describe the significance of positive cultures by anatomic site, and summarize current guidance on the management of positive cultures from donors or preservation fluids.
Successful therapeutic plasma exchange for a patient with sickle cell disease and fat embolism syndrome after a failure of a response to red cell exchange transfusion
Authors: Alsaghir Abdullah , Alsaghir Lina , Alsaif Janat , Mobeireek Abdullah
Published: February 2023

Background

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a rare complication, which was reported mostly with milder forms of heterozygous sickle cell disease (SCD). It may present in a catastrophic way with multi‐organ failure, particularly involving the pulmonary and neurological systems. Diagnosis is often missed or delayed; and the standard recommended treatment is red cell exchange (RCE) transfusion, which has sub‐optimal results, such as debilitating long‐term neurological complications. Recently, few reports suggested that the addition of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE) might further improve the outcome.

Case Description

A 23‐year‐old woman with homozygote SCD was admitted with bony pains and vaso‐occlusive crises. However, her course evolved to respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, decreased level of consciousness, skin rash, severe anemia and thrombocytopenia and a picture consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy. MRI of the brain showed scattered multi‐focal ischemic foci and cytotoxic edema. The patient received RCE on the third day after admission without improvement. On the seventh day, TPE was instituted (2 L/day of fresh frozen plasma for 5 days), following which she regained her consciousness and showed an improvement in her laboratory abnormalities. On follow up, she had gradual full neurological recovery and resolution of the MRI findings within a few months.

Conclusion

FES remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, with significant morbidity and mortality. Success in the management of this reported case with the addition of TPE to RCE supports the notion that TPE may be a potentially helpful modality that deserves further research.
A review of evidence‐based management of infectious ocular surface disease in shelter‐housed domestic cats
Authors: Lewin Andrew C. , Hicks Sarah K. , Carter Renee T.
Published: February 2023

Infectious ocular surface disease (IOSD) is a common problem in shelter‐housed domestic cats and has a widespread negative impact on animal welfare. While the common etiological agents are well‐described, addressing IOSD in large groups of animals presents a management challenge to the clinician and logistical challenges to shelter employees. Treatments, diagnostics, and prevention strategies that are effective in privately owned or experimental animals may be impractical or ineffective in the shelter environment. This review article focuses on the relative prevalence of etiological agents in feline IOSD, practical diagnostic testing protocols, prevention strategies, and treatment of IOSD in shelter‐housed cats. Discrepancies between experimental laboratory‐based studies and clinical trials assessing therapeutics for treatment of feline herpes virus are highlighted. Further high‐quality clinical trials are necessary to determine optimal preventative and therapeutic protocols for IOSD in shelter‐housed cats.
Colossians between Texts and Contexts: status quaestionis of the Recent Research
Authors: Granados Rojas, S. J. Juan Manuel
Published: February 2023

This paper summarizes the current research on the letter to Colossians. It proposes the status quaestionis of the most significant interpretations concerning the identity of the addressees, archaeological research, epistolary introduction, Christology and theology of the letter. Comparative studies of the cities in the Lycus Valley suggest that the recipients of the letter were people scattered throughout the region, but unlike Laodicea and Hierapolis, only the humblest city in the valley was mentioned in the initial greetings. Numismatics and epigraphy highlight Colossae’s secondary role. However, since the tell of ancient Colossae had not yet been excavated, scholars await further archeological evidence. Regarding the epistolary introduction, current studies focus on the understanding of hope and the use of memory. The various attempts made to identify the opponents and the error of Colossians illustrate the methodological difficulties in studying the letter. For a suitable historical reconstruction of Paul’s opponents, they may need a more balanced approach, distinguishing thoroughly both the historical situation and rhetorical situation. The exegetical-theological studies on the Christological Hymn of the last twenty years are fewer in number than those of a socio-historical nature. However, among the former, those that focus on the rhetoric and argumentation theory offer a holistic perspective more suited to understanding the letter. Rhetorical studies on the Christological Hymn of Col 1:15-20 have made it possible to overcome the one-sided perspective based on the correction of a possible heresy contained in the letter. Recent rhetorical and theological studies have also contributed greatly to identifying the features of the Christological μυστήριον. The study of the Christology of universal lordship has helped researchers to clarify the distinctive aspects of the letter’s soteriology and eschatology. If diachronic exegesis has multiplied the hypotheses about the composition of the letter, the synchronic approach has offered a better articulated perspective on the mystery of Christ.
Influence of Casing Groove on Rotating Instabilities in a Low-Speed Axial Compressor
Authors: Chen Xiangyi , Koppe Björn , Lange Martin , Chu Wuli , Mailach Ronald
Published: February 2023

Rotating instability (RI) can be regarded as a pre-stall signal because such phenomena are usually detected when a compressor operates at a near-stall point. Since RI is closely relevant to aerodynamic, acoustic, and structural issues, its mechanism has attracted industrial concerns and in-depth analysis. In this paper, a low-speed axial single compressor rotor row is selected as the baseline research object. A circumferential casing groove is mounted over the shroud. The solid casing and the casing treated configurations were simulated using the zonal large eddy simulation model, and the simulations present remarkable predictions in capturing the averaged and dynamic characteristics of the investigated compressor. By implementing a data-driven method called dynamic mode decomposition, the mode with the highest amplitude is proved to be correlated to the dominant RI frequency. The spatial and temporal property of the RI is visualized. The results show that the casing groove has limited influence on the averaged flow field but manipulates the dynamic features. The groove allows the RIs to shift from around 0.5 blade passing frequency to higher frequencies in the upstream region and effectively suppresses the unsteadiness in the zones under and downstream of the groove. The RIs are triggered by the flow interaction of the tip leakage flow at the front part of the blade. It can be depicted as pressure waves staggering with the rotor blade and propagating over the blade tip region at around half of the blade speed. With the existence of the casing groove, the dominant wavelength changes, and the fluctuation is damped under the groove, which finally modifies the properties of RIs.
Ciudades resilientes, urbanismo feminista.
Authors: Levesque Bonnín Aina
Published: February 2023

La temática de esta colaboración tiene que ver con los nuevos retos de las ciudades globales del siglo XXI y como el movimiento feminista y en concreto el urbanismo feminista esclarece y pone sobre la mesa las problemáticas y soluciones políticas y socioe
Derecho a la cultura en las ciudades globales.
Authors: Levesque Bonnín Aina
Published: February 2023

Las temáticas que se reflexiona en este documento tienen que ver con la cultura, las ciudades globales, el turismo, la exotización de la cultura transformando las ciudades en parque temáticos y sobre que entendemos por derechos culturales.
Magnetic phase diagram mapping in Fe1−xRhx composition-spread thin films
Authors: Yu Heshan , Gao Tieren , N’Diaye A. T. , Arenholz E. , Sarker Suchismita , Mehta Apurva , Zhang Xiaohang , Takeuchi Ichiro
Published: February 2023

We have fabricated high-quality polycrystalline Fe1−xRhx composition-spread thin films by cosputtering Fe and Rh, and investigated their structural and magnetic transformations as a systematic function of composition. With increasing Rh concentration, Fe1−xRhx thin film undergoes from an α׳ phase to a disordered γ phase and also shows a magnetic transition from a ferromagnetic phase to a paramagnetic phase. Vibrating-sample magnetometry and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements show an antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in the range of 0.52 < x < 0.58 in the Fe1−xRhx composition gradient at room temperature. Based on our structural and magnetic property mapping, we construct a thin-film phase diagram of Fe1-xRhx. Compared to reported results in bulk alloys, the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in the Fe1−xRhx thin films was found to occur at slightly higher Rh concentrations, while the boundary between the pure γ phase and the α׳/γ mixed phase region is shifted to the lower concentration Rh.
Hydrogen molecule adsorption and sensing on lanthanide (La) doped/decorated carbon nanotube and graphene structures
Authors: Yuksel Numan , Kose Ahmet , Düzenli Derya , Fellah M. Ferdi
Published: February 2023

The use of carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene structures as doped and decorated with La atom as an adsorbent and a sensor material for hydrogen molecules was investigated by the density functional theory method. It is seen that the hydrogen interaction increased significantly after the La modification on the CNT and graphene. The fact that the adsorption enthalpy values are smaller than the liquefaction enthalpy value of hydrogen indicates that they can be used as adsorbent materials for hydrogen adsorption. While the adsorption energy values are better in the modification with La doping in the CNT structure, the results in the graphene structure are better in the decoration with the La atom. Charge transfer has occurred between the structures modified with La and the hydrogen molecule. After the hydrogen interaction, HOMO–LUMO gap values decreased in La-modified CNT structures and increased in graphene structures. This signifies that the La-modified CNT structures could be electronic sensors for hydrogen molecules. Consequently, the CNT and graphene structures doped and decorated with La can be used as adsorbents for hydrogen molecules. In addition, La-modified structures have electronic sensor properties.
Comments on forward pressure and other reflectance-based quantities for delivering stimuli to the ear
Authors: Nørgaard Kren Monrad , Bray Peter J.
Published: February 2023

The forward pressure has been proposed as an “optimal” reflectance-based quantity for delivering stimuli to the ear during evoked otoacoustic-emission measurements and audiometry. It is motivated by and avoids detrimental stimulus-level errors near standing-wave antiresonance frequencies when levels are adjusted in situ. While enjoying widespread popularity within research, the forward pressure possesses certain undesirable properties, some of which complicate its implementation into commercial otoacoustic-emission instruments conforming to existing international standards. These properties include its inability to approximate the total sound pressure anywhere in the ear canal and its discrepancy from the sound pressure at the tympanic membrane, which depends directly on the reflectance. This paper summarizes and comments on such properties of the forward pressure. Further, based on previous published data, alternative reflectance-based quantities that do not share these properties are investigated. A complex integrated pressure, with magnitude identical to the previously proposed scalar integrated pressure, is suggested as a suitable quantity for avoiding standing-wave errors when delivering stimuli to the ear. This complex integrated pressure approximates the magnitude and phase of the sound pressure at the tympanic membrane and can immediately be implemented into standardized commercial instruments to take advantage of improved stimulus-level accuracy and reproducibility in the clinic.
Tracking of Human Parvovirus B19 Virus-Like Particles Using Short Peptide Tags Reveals a Membrane-Associated Extracellular Release of These Particles
Authors: Ishida Kotaro , Noguchi Takafumi , Kimura Sakika , Suzuki Hidehiko , Ebina Hirotaka , Morita Eiji
Published: February 2023

Parvovirus particles are expected to be applied as nanoparticles in drug delivery systems. However, little is known about how nuclear-assembled B19 virus (B19V) virions are released from host cells.
Magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of long-lived Nb-Ta-(Sn) mineralization in Lianyunshan, NE Hunan, South China
Authors: Madayipu Nuerkanati , Li Huan , Muhammad Elatikpo Safiyanu , Förster Michael W. , Zhou Hou-Xiang , Zheng Han , Wu Qian-Hong
Published: February 2023

The Lianyunshan Complex (LYSC) is a Nb-Ta-Li-Be rare metals mining area in northeastern Hunan, South China. The deposit is composed of a granite-type rare-metal pegmatite mineralization that occurs as dikes around the LYSC. The present study examines the genetic relationship, fluid evolution, and metallogeny of the co-developed ore-free pegmatite (OFP) and ore-bearing pegmatite (OBP) in granite-related pegmatite-type Nb-Ta rare-metal deposits in the LYSC. Four minerals: columbite-tantalite (coltan), zircon, cassiterite, and monazite were investigated for their chemical and isotopic compositions. The coltan grains range from homogeneous crystals to zoned varieties with growth rims that result from equilibrium and disequilibrium reactions due to local changes in the physical and chemical conditions. These structures were altered by later metasomatic replacement processes related to the hydrothermal fluid activity and produced structures such as alteration rims, patches, irregular zonations, and complex zonations, with a corresponding increase in Ta. Coltan in OBP yielded two weighted mean 206Pb/238U ages of 135.9 ± 2.1 Ma and 120.5 ± 1.2 Ma, corresponding to magmatic (early-stage) and hydrothermal (late-stage) Nb-Ta mineralization ages, respectively. The cassiterite gives a weighted mean U-Pb mineralization age of 130.5 ± 3.9 Ma, which is interpreted as the magmatic-hydrothermal age (transitional stage). Zircon grains in OBP give a lower weighted mean U-Pb age of 121.5 ± 0.8 Ma, resulting from metamictization by the later fluid-assisted alteration and recrystallization in the late-stage hydrothermal event. Monazite grains from OFP yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 137.1 ± 0.5 Ma, while zircon gives a mean U-Pb age of 130.3 ± 0.6 Ma. The ages of 137 and 130 Ma obtained for the OFP represent the magmatic (early-stage) and magmatic-hydrothermal stage (transitional) of OFP crystallization in the LYSC. Calculated zircon εHf (t) values and TDM2 ages from OFP (−7.6 to −5.4 and 1663−1532 Ma, respectively) and OBP (−8.7 to −8.2 and 1735−1704 Ma, respectively) are akin to those of the schist and metasandstone strata of the metasedimentary Lengjiaxi metasedimentary group—a melt source material to the LYSC composite batholith. We propose a long-lived ∼15 m.y. Nb-Ta-(Sn) mineralization model for the Lianyunshan complex.
Unusual case of propofol-related infusion syndrome complicating severe COVID-19 ARDS
Authors: Babu Vedesh Kumar , Rojas Pedro , Perez Del Nogal Genesis , Garcia-Fernandez Alejandra
Published: February 2023

An elderly man presenting with shortness of breath and hypoxaemia was admitted with acute hypoxic respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia. Due to worsening hypoxaemia, he was transferred to the intensive care unit and required mechanical ventilation. Propofol was infused at 1.5–4 mg/kg/hour. Within 48 hours of initiation, we noticed worsening metabolic acidosis, acute kidney injury, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, elevated creatine kinase and elevated myoglobin levels. Suspecting propofol-related infusion syndrome (PRIS), we discontinued his propofol infusion immediately and initiated supportive measures. In 48 hours, there was a significant improvement in metabolic acidosis, hypertriglyceridaemia, rhabdomyolysis and renal function. The propofol infusion rate and cumulative propofol dosage (under 140 mg/kg) were well below levels associated with PRIS. COVID-19’s pathogenesis, still under investigation, may have contributed to this presentation. It is imperative for clinicians to maintain a high degree of suspicion once propofol is initiated, regardless of the cumulative dose or rate of infusion.
Syncope as a rare presentation of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Nuredini Gani Nicholas , Rehman Umar , Sangha Miljyot Singh , Koukkoullis Alexandros
Published: February 2023

Syncope as a presentation for head and neck cancers is extremely rare. We report a case of a man in his 50s presenting with syncope and a left-sided neck mass. The diagnosis of syncope was secondary to a neck mass compressing the carotid body. After biopsy, it was found to be a metastatic papillary thyroid cancer for which the patient underwent a total thyroidectomy and neck dissection. We describe a workflow protocol for investigating patients presenting with syncope and associated neck mass. The work-up for such patients should include general, cardiological and otolaryngological-specific investigations.
Use of the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS) in the management of nitrous oxide (N2O)-induced spinal cord injury
Authors: Buttery Charlotte , Birns Jonathan , Gibson Jamie , Jones Gareth David
Published: February 2023

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an inhaled anaesthetic gas and a popular intoxicant. Excessive recreational use can cause spinal cord myelopathy. Previous studies have discussed the medical management. However, none have specified the sensorimotor rehabilitation management. This case report documents the investigations, physical rehabilitation and functional outcomes in two cases of N2O-associated myelopathy. Both presented with lower limb strength and sensorimotor integration impairments resulting in ataxic ambulation. Dorsal column signal abnormality was observed on T2-weighted MRI in one case. Myelopathy was diagnosed based on clinical presentation and both were treated with vitamin B12. Rehabilitation was conceived and specified using the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System (RTSS). Both cases achieved independent indoor gait on hospital discharge, and full function at 9 months in one case. Appropriate and timely medical management and reasoned rehabilitation provided excellent functional outcomes for N2O-related myelopathy. By using the RTSS, reasoned rehabilitation efficacy can be tested in the future.
Association between tobacco product use and asthma among US adults from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study waves 2–4
Authors: Brunette Mary F , Halenar Michael J , Edwards Kathryn C , Taylor Kristie A , Emond Jennifer A , Tanski Susanne E , Woloshin Steven , Paulin Laura M , Hyland Andrew , Lauten Kristen , Mahoney Martin , Blanco Carlos , Borek Nicolette , DaSilva Louis Claudio , Gardner Lisa D , Kimmel Heather L , Sargent James D
Published: February 2023

Background

Research on cigarettes and adult asthma offers mixed findings, perhaps due to overlap with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and inadequate adjustment for other smoke exposures. Associations between other tobacco products, including e-cigarettes, and asthma are also understudied.

Research question

Using Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study waves 2–4 (2014/2015–2016/2017) data, we assessed the relation between tobacco product use and asthma in persons unlikely to have COPD.

Study design and methods

Prospective study of 10 267 adults aged 18–39 years without COPD diagnoses. Past-month tobacco use at wave 2 was modelled first as combustible versus non-combustible use and second as specific product categories (former, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, hookah, smokeless tobacco). Outcomes included lifetime asthma prevalence at wave 2, incidence (waves 3 and 4) and Asthma Control Test score (lower=worse). Multivariable regressions adjusted for predictors of asthma, including other smoke exposures: cigarette pack-years, secondhand smoke and marijuana use. Sensitivity analyses examined findings when persons >39 years and those with both COPD and asthma were added, and when smoke exposure adjustments were removed.

Results

No product, including cigarettes and e-cigarettes, was associated with prevalence or incidence of asthma. Among people with asthma at wave 2, combustible tobacco (beta=−0.86, 95% CI (−1.32 to –0.39)) and cigarettes (beta=−1.14, 95% CI (−1.66 to –0.62)) were associated with worse asthma control. No tobacco product was associated with asthma control over time. In sensitivity analyses, tobacco use became associated with incident asthma as adults >39 years and those with asthma+COPD were added, and as adjustments for other smoke exposures were omitted.

Interpretation

Although cigarette use was associated with worse asthma control, there were no longitudinal associations between combustible tobacco or e-cigarette use and new onset or worsening asthma in these preliminary analyses. Research on tobacco and asthma should exclude COPD and adjust for smoking history and other smoke exposures.
Global health and global governance of emerging biomedical technologies
Authors: Cwik Bryan
Published: February 2023

Global governance of emerging, disruptive biomedical technologies presents a multitude of ethical problems. The recent paper by Shoziet alraises some of these problems in the context of a discussion of what could be themostdisruptive (and most morally fraught) emerging biomedical technology—human germline genome editing. At the heart of their argument is the claim that, for something like gene editing, there is likely to be tension between the interests of specific states in crafting regulation for the technology, and disagreement about what would be necessary to meet the requirements for responsible translation of gene editing into the clinic. This complicates hopes for a tidy, algorithmic process of crafting global governance via frameworks for regulation built around core ‘ethical values and principles’ (as they are called in the WHO Framework), and also forces us to confront deeper philosophical questions about biotechnology and global health.
Competitive interactions between invasive round goby and native white sucker in streams
Authors: Kindree Meagan M. , Jones Nicholas E. , Mandrak Nicholas E.
Published: February 2023

The secondary invasion of the round goby ( Neogobius melanostomus) into tributaries of the Laurentian Great Lakes has resulted in ecological impacts on many native benthic species. However, the ecological impacts on white sucker ( Catostomus commersonii), a native benthic species has not been examined. A comparative control and invaded site study design was used to examine diet overlap and the dietary impact of the round goby invasion on white sucker’s trophic niche. We found significant diet overlap between round goby and white sucker, and white sucker in sympatry with round goby shift their feeding strategy to be more generalist when compared to white sucker in uninvaded locations. No influence of diet competition with round goby on the trophic niche of white sucker was found in this study. Our results support the hypothesis that white sucker are experiencing competition for prey items with round goby. These increased competitive interactions may exacerbate the observed declines in white sucker abundance as round goby continue their invasion upstream in Lake Ontario tributaries.