bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH DEGRADATION IN THE NIGER DELTA: AN EXTENSIVE EXAMINATION OF PETROLEUM-RELATED ACTIVITIES
Authors: Aminu Mu’awiya Baba , Nenger Jerome Aondongu , Akagbue Bertha Onyenachi , Mudele Oladimeji
Published: February 2025

This study examines how exploitation of oil affects the ecosystem in Nigeria’s Niger Delta, with a particular emphasis on the widespread damage that comes with it. Oil production in the area has had negative effects on the environment, society, and ecology despite its economic importance. Examples of these effects include gas flaring, oil spills, and water body contamination. It attempts to fully determine the degree of environmental deterioration, pinpoint particular contaminants found in soil, water, and air samples, and assess how oil pollution affects biodiversity. The study is important because it highlights the critical need to address the Niger Delta’s environmental disaster, which has resulted in health concerns, ecological degradation, and socioeconomic difficulties for the local population. Large-scale environmental degradation continues despite current laws and institutions, demonstrating the insufficiency of current regulatory mechanisms. To effectively handle the environmental disaster, recommendations are made to improve legislation, fund cleanup and repair projects, interact with local populations, support sustainable alternatives, and bolster international cooperation. Stakeholders may mitigate the environmental impact of oil production, promote sustainable development, and protect the Niger Delta region’s ecosystem by putting these ideas into practice.
REMOVAL OF LEAD ION (Pb2+) FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING SUGARCANE BAGASSE
Authors: Madu Ijanu Emmanuel , Idris Muhammad , Adeleye Adeniyi Olarewaju , Mohammed Afeez Oladeji Amoo Ahijo Tukur , Salihu Yakubu Sani
Published: February 2025

High concentrations of Lead ions (Pb2+) in wastewater effluent can be detrimental to health and the environment. The objective of this research is to investigate the potential of sugarcane bagasse, for the removal of lead ions from synthetic wastewater. Adsorption studies were conducted using the batch technique. The effect of varying contact time was examined and the optimum absorption was recorded at 30 minutes with 72.89 % removal efficiency. The effect of adsorbent was investigated by exposing adsorbents of varying dosages of the media. Where 3g of sugar cane bagasse was found to be optimum absorption with 77.113 % removal efficiency. The effect of the size of the adsorbent dosage was investigated by exposing adsorbents to varying mesh sizes. The optimum absorption was found at 2mm size with 88.89 % removal efficiency. The effect of shaking speed on the removal of Pb2+ by sugarcane bagasse was investigated by exposing the adsorbent to varying shaking rates. The optimum absorption of 88.96 % efficiency was attained at 60 rpm. It was concluded that the adsorption of Pb2+ using clean sugarcane bagasse is a viable and environmentally friendly means of treating polluted wastewater.
SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF WATER QUALITY FROM HAND-DUG WELLS AND THEIR CONTAMINANT SOURCES IN PERI-URBAN AREAS OF KOFORIDUA, GHANA
Authors: Tandoh Kingsley Kwaah , Gbedemah Shine Francis
Published: February 2025

This paper assesses the main sources and physicochemical and microbial properties in drinking water samples from hand-dug wells in peri-urban areas of Koforidua, the Eastern regional capital of Ghana. A social survey was used to gather data on water sources being used in five locations of the city. In addition, the quality of the hand-dug wells was assessed. The physicochemical parameters assessed are pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and total hardness. Metals and anions analysed were Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, NO3–, NO2–, SO42-, PO42-, F– and Cl. Total coliform, faecal coliform, Escherichia coli and total heterotrophic bacteria were also assessed. Also, a checklist of observation of ten water sources were assessed to determine the routes of exposure to the wells. The findings show that hand-dug wells, pipe-borne water and sachet water are the main sources of water for domestic use. Findings on physicochemical parameters of the samples are: pH, 6.36-7.17; conductivity (EC), 197-1040 μS/cm; PO43-, 0.022-0.191 mg/L; NO3–, 0-0.1.38 mg/L; NO2–, 0-0.323 mg/L; SO42-, 1.0-59.6 mg/L; Fe, 0.020-0.080 mg/L; Mn, 0.044-0.145 mg/L. These are at normal levels, however, total coliform, faecal coliform, escherichia coli and total heterotrophic bacteria values are all above recommended standards. It is concluded that water from the hand-dug wells is unhealthy for human consumption therefore not sustainable. There is a need for the municipal authorities to embark on aggressive testing of water points. Also, simple water testing technologies should be employed to test the water points in the municipality.
UNVEILING ENVIRONMENTAL PERIL – EXPLORING COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVES ON CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE AND HEALTH RISKS
Authors: Jalal Siam Saleh Ahmed , Bin Mahbub Mubashshir
Published: February 2025

This qualitative research delves into community perspectives regarding contaminant exposure and associated health risks, aiming to unveil environmental perils from the grassroots level. Through in-depth interviews and thematic analysis, this study explores community members’ lived experiences, concerns, and coping mechanisms in the face of environmental contamination. Findings reveal complex interactions between environmental factors, health outcomes, and socio-economic dynamics, underscoring the need for community-driven interventions and policy reforms to mitigate environmental hazards and safeguard public health.
ELECTRO-FENTON PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER OF ERBIL CITY KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
Authors: Ahmed Tablo Abdulrahim
Published: February 2025

An emerging method of treating water and wastewater is the electro-Fenton process. Electro-Fenton is particularly helpful in treating stubborn compounds that are difficult for traditional water and wastewater treatment plants to break down. It works by using hydroxyl radicals to oxidize hazardous contaminants. This study examines the principles and most recent advancements in the electro-Fenton process, wastewater treatment through the application of EFP, and the benefits of EFP for wastewater remediation from different pollutants. It also focuses on the effects of different operating parameters and the most recent advancements in the electro-Fenton process, observing their optimal ranges for maximum pollutant removal through this process. The obtained results indicated that the authenticated response to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 89.82%, at optimum values of pH, FeSO4.7H2O dose, H2O2 dose, reaction time and current density of 3, 1 g/L, 8.38 g/L, 50 min, and 4.23 mA/cm2, respectively.
Unconventional receptor functions and location-biased signaling of the lactate GPCR in the nucleus
Authors: Mohammad Nezhady Mohammad Ali , Cagnone Gael , Bajon Emmanuel , Chaudhari Prabhas , Modaresinejad Monir , Hardy Pierre , Maggiorani Damien , Quiniou Christiane , Joyal Jean-Sébastien , Beauséjour Christian , Chemtob Sylvain
Published: February 2025

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are virtually involved in every physiological process. However, mechanisms for their ability to regulate a vast array of different processes remain elusive. An unconventional functional modality could at least in part account for such diverse involvements but has yet to be explored. We found HCAR1, a multifunctional lactate GPCR, to localize at the nucleus and therein capable of initiating location-biased signaling notably nuclear-ERK and AKT. We discovered that nuclear HCAR1 (N-HCAR1) is directly involved in regulating diverse processes. Specifically, N-HCAR1 binds to protein complexes that are involved in promoting protein translation, ribosomal biogenesis, and DNA-damage repair. N-HCAR1 also interacts with chromatin remodelers to directly regulate gene expression. We show that N-HCAR1 displays a broader transcriptomic signature than its plasma membrane counterpart. Interestingly, exclusion of HCAR1 from the nucleus has the same effect as its complete cellular depletion on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. These results reveal noncanonical functions for a cell nucleus-localized GPCR that are distinct from traditional receptor modalities and through which HCAR1 can participate in regulating various cellular processes.
மருத்துவ ஆய்வகத் தொழில்நுட்பவியல் (Medical Laboratory Technology)
Authors: Saravanan N.
Published: February 2025

Welcome to the fascinating world of Medical Laboratory Technology. This book is designed to be a comprehensive guide for students, educators, and professionals in the field of medical laboratory science. It aims to provide a solid foundation in the principles, practices, and procedures essential for effective laboratory work, while also keeping pace with the latest advancements and technologies in the field. This book prepared in tamil language.
MARKETING AUDIT AS A TOOL OF MARKETING ANALYTICS
Authors: Litynska Valentyna
Published: February 2025

The article systematizes the existing approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «marketing audit». In particular, scientists study marketing audit depending on the analysis process, research method, analysis tool, content of marketing diagnostics, management process. In addition, the factors that have a significant impact on the definitions of «marketing audit» are identified: speed of change, digital transformation, customer focus, integrated approach, data analysis.

Based on the generalization of approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «marketing audit» and factors that have a significant impact on this concept, it is proposed to define marketing audit as an improved tool used by companies for in-depth analysis of their marketing activities in order to identify opportunities for increasing efficiency and competitiveness. A marketing audit is not only an analysis of a company’s marketing strategies and actions, but also a systematic review of its marketing activities taking into account changing market conditions and internal factors.

Taking into account the peculiarities of today’s situation in Ukraine, the article defines the actual tasks of marketing audit as an element of marketing analytics. The characteristic features of marketing audit are also formed: completeness, systematicity, independence, regularity. It was determined that marketing audit has a positive effect on marketing analytics.

In the article, special attention is paid to distinguishing cases in which it is advisable to conduct a marketing audit immediately, that is, in the case of a change in the assortment, in the event of a significant increase in sales volumes, insufficient information about the market or vice versa, and in cases of impossibility to plan purchases and predict financial results in the absence of appropriate information.
INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR ENTERPRISES’ DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES
Authors: Sherstiuk Roman , Kozlovskyy Artem
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the peculiarities of formation and implementation of the enter­prise development innovation strategy. The research substantiates the demand for adapting inno­vation processes to modern challenges, including the use of digital platforms and the transition to a corporate or open innovation model. The fundamental principles of an effective enterprise devel­opment strategy based on a new management paradigm are highlighted. A new understanding re­garding the essence of the category “innovation strategy” is proposed. The conditions for successful implementation of the enterprise innovation strategy are determined: defining the mission, goals and objectives of the enterprise innovation activity; breaking the process into stages and determin­ing the expected results; applying flexible models of the innovation process; developing indicators for objective evaluation of the innovation activity results; improving the innovation culture; identi­fying and developing creative talents; introducing and implementing innovative initiatives; main­taining customer feedback; inter-organizational cooperation. An algorithm for building inter-organ­izational cooperation in the innovation activities of enterprises is designed. The experience of devel­oping and applying innovative strategies is highlighted on the example of well-known innovative companies. It is proved that the success of their implementation depends on the concentration of financial, material, informational and intellectual resources in the context of innovation develop­ment priorities. It is emphasized that in the process of forming an innovative strategy for the devel­opment of enterprises, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors, such as the enter­prise’s market position, its technical and technological potential, management system, ethics and business culture, as well as research capabilities. A properly chosen and justified innovation strate­gy has shown itself to be the key to the successful development of an enterprise in the future. The authors’ research findings and practical recommendations contribute to the effective use of the enterprise’s innovation strategy for the sustainable development of business organizations and their network associations.
Performance enhancement of microstrip patch antenna with slots for 5G communication
Authors: Srushti D. C. , Suchitra C. , Nisha T. J. , Swathi D Gaikwad , Hanumanthappa Magalada
Published: February 2025

The demand for high-performance antennas tailored for 5G applications has stimulated research into novel designs and optimization techniques. This study focuses on the design, development, and optimization of microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) integrated with slots to enhance their performance in 5G communication systems. Various slot configurations, including rectangular and T-shaped slots, are incorporated into the ground plane of the patch antennas to investigate their impact on antenna characteristics such as gain, bandwidth, and radiation pattern. Simulation results demonstrate that the introduction of slots effectively increases the antenna's effective aperture, modifies current distribution, and enhances radiation efficiency. Furthermore, the strategic placement of slots improves antenna directivity and suppresses surface waves, leading to a notable improvement in antenna gain. Experimental validation corroborates the simulation findings, showcasing the practical feasibility and efficiency of the proposed slot-integrated antenna designs. Overall, this research contributes to the advancement of antenna technology tailored for the evolving requirements of 5G communication systems.
Ergonomic wheelchair - stretcher for enhanced patient mobility
Authors: Divya Jenifar P. , Kavi Sri S. , Manimaran P. , Shamili M. , Sowbarnicka M.
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the challenges faced by individuals with physical disabilities in manually operating wheelchairs. To enhance mobility and ease of use, a mechanism combining the functionalities of a stretcher and a wheelchair has been developed. The wheelchair-to-stretcher conversion utilizes a straightforward mechanical mechanism with a focus on ergonomic design and adherence to safety standards. The system is managed by an Arduino microcontroller, which connects to an ultrasonic sensor for obstacle detection and transmits data to a mobile application through an Internet of Things (IoT) module (Node MCU). This dual-purpose design facilitates medical personnel in seamlessly transferring patients from chairs to beds, with the adjustable height feature allowing the chair to function effectively as a stretcher.
Design and development of portable oxygen concentrator
Authors: Abdullah Irfan Khan , Fahad Shakeel , Mudassir Hussain Syed
Published: February 2025

Pakistan lacks domestic manufacturing of medical devices, and recent inflation alongside rupee devaluation has driven up the prices of imported medical devices. The supply and demand crisis for supplemental oxygen during the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the importance of portable oxygen concentrators, as oxygen is essential for all physiological functions. This initiative applied reverse-engineering to design and develop a prototype portable oxygen concentrator using pressure swing adsorption technology, with integrated sensors and enhanced filters for improved efficiency and effectiveness. The prototype underwent various tests to verify that it met the intended objectives. This effort aimed to initiate local, cost-effective manufacturing of oxygen concentrators in Pakistan, contributing towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9, Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
Mathematical modeling of higher overtone vibrational frequencies in dichlorine monoxide
Authors: Sreenivas Teppala , S. Uma Devi
Published: February 2025

This study presents the calculation of stretching vibrational frequencies for the triatomic molecule dichlorine monoxide (Cl2 O), explicitly focusing on the fourth, fifth, and sixth overtones. Using a Lie algebraic framework, a detailed mathematical modeling approach is provided to predict these higher overtone frequencies accurately. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the Lie algebraic method in capturing the complex vibrational behavior of Cl2 O, offering valuable insights into its vibrational spectra.
Optimizing capsule endoscopy detection: A deep learning approach with L-Softmax and laplacian-SGD
Authors: Sana Danish , Nimra Shoket Ali , Jamshaid Ul Rahman
Published: February 2025

Capsule endoscopy has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal diseases; however, efficient disease classification remains a challenge due to the inherent complexities of image analysis. Furthermore, the extensive time required for manual examination of capsule endoscopy images has led researchers and clinicians to seek timeefficient automated detection methods. This is where the profound advantages of deep learning (DL) become crucial. This research proposes a novel approach that combines L-Softmax with Laplacian Smoothing Stochastic Gradient Descent (LSSGD) within a ResNet architecture to enhance disease classification accuracy in capsule endoscopy images from the Kvasir dataset. The L-Softmax function is integrated into the DL framework, facilitating better class separation and feature representation. Additionally, LSSGD is employed to mitigate overfitting and enhance model generalization. Experimental results demonstrate that our methodology is stable and easy to utilize in capsule endoscopy.
Calculation of combined vibrational frequencies in Cl2O using lie algebraic method
Authors: Sreenivas Teppala , S. Uma Devi
Published: February 2025

The present study demonstrates a thorough study of dichlorine monoxide's combined stretching vibrational frequencies (Cl₂ O) with particular reference to its fourth, fifth and sixth overtone transitions. The research proposes a systematic method for modelling vibrational dynamics and frequency predictions utilizing a Lie algebraic framework. The methodology accounts for anharmonicity and higher inter-level coupling modulation, which provides a basis for overtone theoretical interpretation. These results are helpful within the framework of molecular spectroscopy for interpreting the results of experiments with this compound. Such an approach can be generalized to other polyatomic molecules possessing similar vibrational modes.
Measuring customer satisfaction of hotel industry in bangladesh: A SERVQUAL and structural equation model (SEM) approach
Authors: Rinu Fatema
Published: February 2025

The hospitality industry plays a major role in the economic development of Bangladesh, with the hotel sector being a key component. This study investigates customer perceptions of service levels and satisfaction across hotels in Bangladesh, utilizing the SERVQUAL model and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess various dimensions of service. Four additional dimensions are included in the SERVQUAL model to extend its applicability. Data was collected from 400 guests staying in different types of hotels, including luxury and budget accommodations, using a structured questionnaire and random sampling. The findings revealed that tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, service recovery, prices, access, and location have a significant impact on customer satisfaction, while assurance does not. These insights can assist hotel management in enhancing service quality to meet evolving customer expectations and improve guest satisfaction. This study aims to close the gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive assessment of the quality of services provided at tourist destinations in Bangladesh.
Interactive virtual physics lab environment
Authors: Vincent Gausi , Mtende Mkandawire
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces an innovative approach to virtual physics education through the development of an Interactive Virtual Physics Lab Environment (IVPLE). Designed to provide students with a dynamic and engaging platform for conducting physics experiments virtually, the IVPLE leverages advanced technologies like Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance traditional lab experiences, making them more accessible, immersive, and adaptable to diverse learning styles. The IVPLE incorporates realistic simulations of classical and modern physics experiments, allowing students to interact with virtual apparatus, collect data, and perform analyses within a virtual environment. Through intuitive user interfaces and responsive feedback mechanisms, learners can manipulate variables, observe experimental outcomes, and deepen their understanding of fundamental physics principles. Key features include collaborative learning spaces, which enable students to engage in group experiments and share insights in real time. The platform also offers adaptive learning paths, tailoring experiments to individual student progress and providing targeted feedback to reinforce conceptual understanding. Additionally, gamified elements foster motivation and reward-based learning, transforming physics education into an enjoyable and interactive experience. This paper outlines the conceptual framework, technological foundations, and potential impact of the IVPLE, underscoring its potential to revolutionize physics education by transcending traditional constraints and fostering a more intuitive understanding of core physical concepts.
AI-powered weather system with disaster prediction
Authors: Cedric Ngendahimana
Published: February 2025

This AI-powered weather system enhances disaster prediction and preparedness using advanced machine learning algorithms and real-time meteorological data. Leveraging the OpenWeatherMap API, the system analyzes environmental indicators such as rainfall, temperature, and wind speed to assess risks of floods, droughts, cyclones, hailstorms, and wildfires. Machine learning models, including linear regression and threshold-based heuristics, ensure high predictive accuracy. The threshold-based approach uses historical disaster data to define limits, with exceedances signaling high risk. Linear regression forecasts variables like rainfall and temperature, integrating probabilistic outputs into the heuristic system for improved accuracy. This system demonstrates AI's potential in early warning systems, bolstering community preparedness and enabling timely interventions by authorities.
Study of the Identity Elements of Cilegon City and Their Influence on Urban Spatial Development
Authors: Utami Nur Kharismawati , Nugraheni Christanti , Lukman Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Cilegon City, located in Banten Province, Indonesia, has characteristics with unique features that are nicknamed the “Steel City”. To emphasize the city's characteristics, it is necessary to study further the “Image of the City” of Cilegon. The influence of city elements (Kevin Lynch) on the development of Cilegon City emphasizes serves as the basis for this research. Research objective Identifying the elements that are characteristic of Cilegon City and understanding how these elements contribute to shaping the overall structure and function of the city. Meanwhile, the methodology of this research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through field observations and literature studies. Research results show that the city image of Cilegon City is good, but there are a few categories that need improvement. Cilegon City has various weaknesses in its urban planning, particularly in terms of spatial fragmentation, traffic congestion, lack of green open spaces, and the impact of industrial areas.
Research Methods for Dissertations on the Architecture Doctoral Program
Authors: Andadari Tri Susetyo
Published: February 2025

The output produced by a student at the high program level is a dissertation. This phenomenon is present in almost all universities at the undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate program level, which requires students to master the philosophy of science as a compulsory course. The foundation is to search for science using logic, epistemology, and methodology. Many research methods can be used in a dissertation, depending on the research topic and the concept of the research paradigm. With the literature study method, this paper aims to provide an overview of the research methods commonly used in dissertation, especially for architectural doctoral programs. The point of view includes understanding, the outline of philosophical thinking and concepts, writing goals and steps, and examples of architectural methods.
What is the Success Required in Digital Public Services Transformation (Case of Digital Payment for Public Apartment Rent in Semarang Regency)
Authors: Pangarso Agung , Pebrianto Niko
Published: February 2025

Digital transformation in the public services by the local government will improve the service related to several benefits. E-public services to the people or users will become more efficient, e-public services open 24/7, reduce the administrative burden, be more transparent and accountable, and finally, digital public services help governments meet public expectations. The Public Work Agency of Semarang Regency manages affordable public apartments (flats), particularly for low-income people. There are four-storey flats in Ungaran, Ambarawa, and Pringapus with a total of 326 rooms. The management unit is facing problems related to rent payments by monthly cash (manual) transactions. The Government of Semarang Regency committed to transforming all transactions from manual to digital (e-transaction) including for public apartment rent. This study aims to answer the question: what is the success required in digital payment for public apartment rent in Semarang Regency? From the process of digital transformation in e-payment for public flat rental during the preparation stage to operations (June to September 2024), this research concluded the success required in digital payment as follows: (a) In terms of support, the political will from local leaders, adequate regulations, and commitment toward successful digital transformation become a strong foundation for supporting the preparation and implementation of the e-government project; (b) In term of capacity, the adequate ICT infrastructure both hardware and software and human resources with competences related to the e-government project. (c) In terms of value, e-government projects need to build the value of benefits for the people as users and demand side of government services. e-government projects should provide significant benefits to the people, so the project has the potential to be successful.
Hungarian Travellers’ Writings on Spanish Women, 1808-1911
Authors: Kéri Katalin
Published: February 2025

ResumenAunque España y Hungría se hallan alejadas geográficamente, la revolución del transporte acontecida en el siglo XIX proporcionó fructiferas oportunidades para los viajes entre ambos países. En el presente estudio examinamos relatos de viajeros, quienes pisaron la Península Ibérica en aquellos años. Tales relatos adquieron la forma de obras impresas en lengua húngara, sobre todo guías de viaje y artículos periodísticos que ofrecen descripciones detalladas de aspectos tales como los paisajes, la arquitectura, los asentamientos, la historia, la política, la música, los estilos de vida, las vestimentas, la apariencia y la gastronomía de la España de entonces. Se trata de una información con interesantes pormenores sobre la sociedad ceotánea y especialmente sobre las mujeres de aquella época –aspecto en el que se hace hincapié en este artículo–, que abundan en los clichés o estereotipos sobre carácter nacional o el llamado temperamento español. Enraizados en el canon romántico, en el caso de las mujeres, estos inciden en cualidades tales como la belleza y el exotismo y en emociones tales como el carácter apasionado. En el caso particular de los relatos de las viajeras, debe añadirse que la mayoría de ellas no tenían conocimientos de la lengua española.
Palabras claveGuías de viaje a España, historia de las mujeres, siglo XIX, fuentes húngaras, estereotipos románticos
Priming for Practice: A Teaching Strategy
Authors: Tomesko Jennifer , Rigassio Radler Diane
Published: February 2025

Authors present a brief educational teaching strategy for dietetics education.
Furikake processing training to enhance product quality with innovative technology
Authors: Kusumawati I Gusti Ayu Wita , Yogeswara Ida Bagus Agung , Gunawan Putu Wida , Nursini Ni Wayan
Published: February 2025

Sathya Sai Primary School provides a variety of extracurricular activities that students can choose from. The Scientific Work Group is one of the extracurricular activities at SD Sathya Sai. SD Satya Sai's Scientific Work Group innovated furikake made from sea lettuce. They won a gold medal in a national event through this processed innovation. The furikake produced by the partners has a slightly bitter taste and durability of only 2 weeks. The purpose of this PKM (community service) activity is to process furikake that is not bitter and has a long product durability. The method used in this activity is training and mentoring. This PKM activity resulted in an increase in partners' understanding of how to process furikake and use appropriate technology tools provided by the PKM team and an increase in furikake durability. In addition, this activity also increased the number of processed innovative products made from sea lettuce. With this PKM activity, it is hoped that the SD Sathya Sai Scientific Work Group can produce other innovative products made from sea lettuce using appropriate technology tools that have been provided by the PKM team.
Management of fruit and vegetable waste into ecoenzyme in Drien Rampak Village, West Aceh Regency
Authors: Agustinur Agustinur , Junita Dewi , Lizmah Sumeinika Fitria , Rizal Chairul , Afrillah Muhammad , Maulidia Vina
Published: February 2025

The accumulation of waste in public areas of Drien Rampak Village remains an unresolved issue. The growing population has led to increased consumption and waste production. Currently, there is no waste management mechanism capable of addressing this problem effectively. The waste is predominantly household waste, such as organic fruit and vegetable residues. This activity aimed to provide training to the PKK women’s group in Drien Rampak Village on making ecoenzymes as a solution for managing organic waste. The implementation included training and hands-on assistance. The stages of the activity were as follows: coordination with partners, education on waste management, ecoenzyme-making training, fermentation process, and ecoenzyme harvesting. The activity produced 100 liters of ecoenzyme using 30 kg of fruit and vegetable residues. Based on pre-test and post-test questionnaire results, significant improvements were observed in participants' attitudes, knowledge, and skills in managing household organic waste. The highest improvement was in attitudes (16.84-point difference), followed by skills (13.11-point difference) and knowledge (5.49-point difference).
TeknoMatika: Technology and product differentiation training to improve mathematics teachers' competence in Pangandaran
Authors: Dewi Sinta Verawati , Setialesmana Depi , Herawati Linda , Apiati Vepi , Nurhayati Elis , Muslim Siska Ryane
Published: February 2025

This community service program was implemented to address the challenges faced by mathematics teachers in applying differentiated instruction. The program aimed to enhance teachers' competencies in implementing differentiated learning and integrating technology as a teaching aid in mathematics. The training focused on improving teachers' understanding of differentiated instruction, particularly in mathematics education, and equipping them with the skills to utilize technology in the classroom. The methods used included socialization, training, technology implementation, mentoring, and program sustainability. Results showed that 88.2 percent of teachers required technology training, and 80.64 percent expressed interest in participating. Training evaluations revealed an improvement in teachers’ ability to identify students' learning styles and develop technology-based learning media. Teachers reported that Kodular facilitated the creation of interactive and student-centered learning tools. The program successfully enhanced teaching effectiveness, student engagement, and teacher creativity, despite technical challenges such as internet connectivity issues. The TeknoMatika Training has the potential to serve as a model for teacher competency development in other regions, contributing significantly to technology-based educational innovation.
Revitalizing the Arboretum Tourist Park: Transformative skills education for sustainable community development in Bumi Harapan
Authors: Nurlaela Nurlaela , Saadjad Danti Yuliarsi , Puspapratiwi Dian
Published: February 2025

Bumi Harapan village is located in West Toili District, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province possessing strategic nature potential. Responding to the potential, the Village Government has built an education-based tourist destination along the riverside called the Arboretum Tourist Park. Yet, this project met significant obstacles so it has not optimally developed as the Village Government planned before. To solve the problems, the community service team through the Community Partnership Empowerment program revitalized the Arboretum Tourist Park by integrating transformational skills education to develop a more sustainable community in Bumi Harapan village. In this community service project, the team implemented an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach. It focuses on community empowerment in managing existing assets, which is the Arboretum Tourist Park. The results of the project indicated an enhancement in the quality of the Arboretum Tourist Park which attracted more visits of local tourists. Besides, educating the Village-Owned Enterprises, the Wana Sari team with transformative skills has provided them with essential knowledge and skills to realize more effective management of the Arboretum Tourist Park. This community service program has contributed not only to the quality enhancement of the Arboretum Tourist Park but also to a progressive strengthening of community participation in managing sustainable tourism.
Family connections programme: Optimising parenting in marginalised families efforts
Authors: Pratiwi Pradipta Christy , Nuzulia Siti , Undarwati Anna , Lukitawati Lukki , Nurhayati Ifa
Published: February 2025

Family is the main pillar of mental health’. It is undeniable that various mental health problems originate from family factors, such as depression, suicidal ideation, and personality disorders. We found that there was a poor quality of relationships between parents and children that triggered prolonged psychological conflict. So, the need for psychoeducation on the role of parents in child development among marginalised communities emerged. The purpose of this service is to increase awareness of the importance of the quality of parenting psychologically in marginalized families in Semarang City. The method of service carried out is psychoeducation and support groups. The participants of this service were 34 people. The implementation of the service was divided into two. First, parenting psychoeducation. The second activity was a support group on the role and importance of the quality of the relationship between parents and children. Case cards were used during the discussion in the group, this instrument helped the discussion without removing the opportunity to convey their experiences in the family authentically. The evaluation was done qualitatively. From this activity, it was found that there was a transfer of learning in simple knowledge and skills, while beliefs were difficult to change, such as that children should be physically punished when parents are angry. This is a finding that can be explored further in research or work with families.
Empowerment program through project-based learning and assessment to enhance teachers' scientific writing
Authors: Duda Hilarius Jago , Awang Imanuel Sairo , Setiawan Beni , Julung Hendrikus
Published: February 2025

The traditional lecture-based learning followed by questions or assignments from the teacher, as observed in partner schools, often fails to fully empower students' abilities. Research conducted by the PKM team has shown that practicum-based and project-based learning can effectively enhance various student skills, including cognitive abilities, critical thinking, creativity, process skills, and attitudes. The Community Empowerment Program (PMP) aims to empower and enhance the knowledge and skills of teachers in developing project-based learning tools and assessments, creating learning products, as well as writing and publishing scientific papers. This activity involves socialization, training, mentoring, and review of project-based learning and assessments, as well as article writing and publication using PTK methodology for science teachers. Participants in the program are science teachers from schools in the Sepauk sub-district, Sintang, West Kalimantan. The program was implemented from June to September 2024. The results of the activities indicate that teachers actively and enthusiastically participated in the socialization, training, mentoring, and guidance sessions. The products generated from the PKM activities were 90 percent successful, and there was an 80 percent increase in teacher empowerment through these activities.
The dragon of the coat of arms of the Moscow sovereigns on pictorial and material sources of the late XV – XIX centuries
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Pchelov Evgeny V.
Published: February 2025

The article examines the history of one of the most significant emblems in the state heraldry of Russia – the dragon in the dragon-fighting story associated with the image of George the Victorious. This composition was depicted on the front side of the seal of Ivan III and symbolized the sovereign himself, appearing in the image of a holy warrior. The dragon was an aspid, and the features of its image show its genesis from the artistic tradition of the Italian Quattrocento – first of all, the Florentine school of painting. Apparently, this tradition, thanks to the disciples of the Pollaiolo brothers and other Florentines, was assimilated by Roman masters, who should be considered the possible creators of the seal of Ivan III. This image of the dragon turned out to be very stable in the grand ducal and tzarist sphragistics of the XVI century and lasted until the second half of the 1620s. It was the dragon fighter who was considered the coat of arms of the Moscow sovereigns in Western Europe, which is demonstrated by a wide variety of pictorial sources. In parallel, at the turn of the XV–XVI centuries there was another heraldic plot – the confrontation of a lion and a dragon, which, however, did not acquire a stable character. The first change in the appearance of the dragon occurred during the reform of state symbols carried out during the reign of Mikhail Fyodorovich. In the second half of the XVII century two variants of the dragon’s coloring are recorded in the sources – black and gold with green wings. Subsequently, both of them influenced the color of the state heraldry. The dragon became black in the 1720s, golden – already in the middle of the XIX century. The evolution of the dragon image in state symbols depended both on the artistic influences of its time and on the perception of a particular pictorial tradition.
On the dating of the inscription of “Ivan Skhorosmir” from the Bogoroditse-Rozhdestvensky Solotchinsky Monastery
Authors:   Saint Tikhon's Orthodox University, Avdeev Alexander G.
Published: February 2025

The paper, written within the framework of the scientific project “Corpus Inscriptionum Rossicarum”, specifies the dating of a commemorative plaque found in 2004 on the territory of the Bogoroditse-Rozhdestvensky Solotchinsky Monastery (Ryazan region). The inscription on the white stone plaque tells about the beginning of the construction of the Pokrovskaya church in the monastery in 1543 and the discovery during the works of the remains of Ivan Smiroslavich Solokhmir, son-in-law of the Grand Duke of Ryazan Ol'g Ivanovich and ancestor of several service families of Ryazan uyezd – Verderevsky, Apraksiny, Krukovy, Rataevy, Khanykovy and others. According to the inscription, the remains of “Schorosmir” (as he is named in the inscription) were reburied “at the request of relatives”, but there are chronological inaccuracies in the text. For this reason, O. I. Khoruzhenko, who investigated this epigraphic monument, came to the conclusion that the monument is a genealogical forgery of the late 17th century. According to the researcher, it was created by Ivan Verderevsky, who wanted to confirm the authenticity of the acts from the family archive, submitted in 1686 to the Chamber of genealogical affairs. The high degree of preservation of the oldest part of the archive of Salakhmir's descendants, copies of which were submitted to the House of Genealogical Affairs, does not give grounds to consider this epigraphic monument a genealogical forgery of the late 17th century. The “Schorosmir's” plate refers to a type of commemorative inscriptions. Judging by the distortion of the name of the ancestor of the Verderevsky, Apraksiny, Khonykovy, etc., the inscription was made by a person not familiar with their genealogy – probably belonging to the brethren of the monastery. The one under study was created long after the discovery of the remains.
Primal Approximation Spaces by $\kappa $-neighborhoods with Applications
Authors: Hosny Rodyna A. , El-Bably Mostafa K. , El-Gayar Mostafa A.
Published: February 2025

Real-world problems often involve imprecision and uncertainty, presenting challenges across various domains such as engineering, artificial intelligence, social sciences, and medical sciences. To bridge this gap, Pawlak introduced classical rough set models, focusing on upper and lower approximations based on equivalence relations. However, these relations restrict the applicability of rough sets in many contexts. This paper explores new approaches to extending rough set theory by introducing "primal approximation spaces". Primal is defined as novel structures designed to generalize rough set approximations beyond the traditional methods. This paper proposes a new technique for generating rough approximations by using κ-neighborhoods and primal which allows for creating diverse supra-topologies and enhancing the flexibility of rough set models. Furthermore, we here introduce bi-primal approximation spaces, a new form of approximation that can be examined through two distinct methods, as a result, revealing their unique characteristics and relationships. The research underlines the practical applications of these new methods by providing a detailed case study that demonstrates their effectiveness in solving decision-making problems. Moreover, this study also compares the primal-based methods with existing approaches based on ideals, illustrating their distinctive advantages and limitations. Overall, this work offers a remarkable advancement in rough set theory by expanding its theoretical framework and practical applicability through the introduction of primal and bi-primal approximation spaces.
A STUDY ON SECOND GRADE MHD FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER WITH VISCOUS AND OHMIC DISSIPATIONS OVER AN EXPONENTIALLY STRETCHING SHEET WITH
Authors: Sanjayanand Emmanuel
Published: February 2025

Momentum boundary layer of viscoelastic second grade fluid taken into consideration with the effect of uniform transverse magnetic field and normal electric field also included in the analysis. Thermal boundary layer formed over the non-isothermal boundary wall, with viscous dissipation and Ohmic dissipation due to transverse magnetic field and electric field has been investigated. The highly non-linear momentum boundary layer equation and thermal boundary layer equation are converted into similarity equations and then solved numerically by employing fifth order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method with shooting.
REVISION OF LOVE AS EMOTION: A STUDY OF RUSKIN BOND’S STORIES CONCERNING ROBERT STERNBERG
Authors: Fatma Syed Mussarrat , Johri Manjari , Srivastava Kajal
Published: February 2025

Human Creed is a complex of innumerable emotions of positive and negative perceptions. The criteria include hunger and gluttony, laughter and tears, and delighted mania of life and death. Similar conclusions may delineate from the complex of intimacy, passion, and commitment, which tends to emerge in the consequences of love in all the possible ways of life. Multiple exegeses have existed on those emotional bonds and broken wings of separated spirits. However, the alternatives are exercised through the perfectionist portrayals in the extensions of Bond and Robert Sternberg to pinpoint the motives and motions of emotions in the concerns of life, not as a process but as emotion, feeling and, in general, thought. The inaugural themes of life and the generalisation of rationality are blended in the literary annals of Ruskin Bond in the wake of the theoretical perspective of Sternberg’s psychological framework with the literary artistry of Ruskin Bond, particularly in A Flight of Pigeons and the short story “The Night Train at Deoli,” to reveal how literature construct narratives in which the emotion of love acts as a vehicle for growth and cultural reconciliation.
THE EVOLUTION OF SECULARISM IN INDIA AND CHALLENGES: A CRITICAL STUDY
Authors: Naidu S. T. , Unnithan Arun V
Published: February 2025

The concept of secularism has always been a subject of significant debate and discussion in the Indian context. With its diverse cultural, religious, and social fabric, India faces challenges in maintaining a balanced, secular state. The notion of secularism, in the Indian context, is fundamentally different from the Western interpretation. In India, secularism doesn’t imply a strict separation between religion and state; rather, it is an active principle that seeks to promote equality and fairness among all faiths, without privileging any particular belief system. The Constitution of India enshrines secularism as one of its core principles, ensuring that the state treats all religions impartially and guarantees religious freedom. However, the implementation and preservation of secularism in India have been a complex and often contentious issue.