bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acehnese traditional clothing recognition based on augmented reality using hybrid tracking method
Authors: Ihsan Ahmad , Fadillah Nurul , Rizka Gunawan Chicha
Published: August 2020

Aceh's traditional clothing is cultural heritage in Indonesia. In today's, the problem faced is the lack of media to introduce cultural heritage in Aceh. Therefore was formed a media which could recognition Acehnese traditional clothing using Augmented Reality technology. Augmented Reality technology is used to users can add virtual objects to real environments. In this research, the method used is the Hybrid Tracking method, a Hybrid Tracking method is a combination tracking system of two or more tracking techniques, hybrid tracking is used to get a better tracking system and to get tracking speeds based on better distances. The results showed that the reading of markers by the cameras was greatly influenced by distance, light intensity, marker angle, and size of the device's RAM. The closest distance from the marker to the camera that can display 3D objects is 20 cm while the farthest distance cannot display 3D objects is 100 cm. And the angle of reading the marker is only around 0° an angle of 45°. The average distance that can detect markers is 0.5 m, the average time that can be detected is 0.068 sec, and the average speed obtained is 7.505 m / sec.
Online social network relationships influenced on a retweeting
Authors: Abbood Iman K. , Talib Hasson Saad
Published: August 2020

Social network users spending a lot of time to post, search, interact and read the news on blogging platforms. In this era, social media is becoming a suitable place for discovering and exchanging new updates. However, Common social media helps the user to share his news online by a one-click. The ease-of-use leads to present novel breaking news to show up first on micro blogs. Twitter is one of the well-known micro blogging platforms with more than 250 million users, in which retweeting is a manageable way to share and sawing news. It is significant to foretell the retweeting and influence in a social relationship. The Correlation Coefficient formula has been used to determine the level of correlation between a user and his retweeters (followers, friends, and strangers) in social networks. Such correlation can be reached by utilizing the collected user information on Twitter with some features which have a main effect on retweet behavior. In this study, the focus is on particular friends, followers, and a retweet to be the promising source of relationships between users of social media. Experimental results based on twitter dataset showed that the Correlation Coefficient formula can be used as a predicting model, and it is a general framework to gain better fulfillment in calculating the correlation between the user, friends, and followers in social networks..  Their influence on the accuracy in predicting a retweet is also accomplished.
Arduino based outing and attendance system for boarding school students
Authors: Kah Wen Matthew Khoo , Binti Ahmad Nabihah , Binti Ruslan Siti Hawa
Published: August 2020

The continuous flourishing of boarding schools in Malaysia have prompted a need for the development of outing systems that can manage the outing activities of students whilst ensuring their safety and security. In this project, a smart outing and attendance system that accurately records the details of all students and their respective outing activities is proposed. The development of this system via the XAMPP platform allows the information regarding students’ outing activities to be saved in an online database, whereby it is closely monitored and managed by the school authorities. Students who attend authorized outing activities have to scan their student ID card at an RFID reader which is installed at the main entrance of the school compound, where the information regarding their departure and arrival time at the school will be transmitted via an Arduino controller to the database. At the same time, this system sends a notification in the form of a WhatsApp message to the phone number of all the students’ parents. The system is a well-rounded approach to adequately manage the outing activities of students as each activity has to be registered beforehand with its implementation undergoing strict monitoring by the school authorities.
A new algorithm for water retention on magic square
Authors: A. Salman Shatha , A. Ibrahim Amal
Published: August 2020

The article describes new algorithms for water retention using magic square, based on the properties of magic square which is defined as an n n matrix with positive entries enabling to pouring amounts of water over the magic square and measuring the amount of water that does not leak out of the square. The new method effectiveness evaluation is confirmed by the calculation in many applications; one of them is water retention.
A smart login system using face detection and recognition by ORB algorithm
Authors: Jahangir Alam Mohammad , Chowdhury Tanjia , Shahzahan Ali Md.
Published: August 2020

We can identify human faces using a web Camera which is known as Face Detection.  This is a very effective technique in computer technology. There are used different types of attendance systems such as log in with the password, punch card, fingerprint, etc. In this research, we have introduced a facial recognition type of biometric system that can identify a specific face by analyzing and comparing patterns of a digital image.  This system is the latest login system based on face detection. Primarily, the device captures the face images and stores the captured images into the specific path of the computer relating the information into a database. When any body tries to enter into any room or premises through this login system, the system captures the image of that particular person and matches the image with the stored image. If this image matches with the stored image then the system allows the person to enter the room or premises, otherwise the system denies entry. This face recognition login system is very effective, reliable and secured. This research has used the Viola and Jones algorithm for face detection and ORB for image matching in face recognition and Java, MySql, OpenCV, and iReport are used for implementation.
A high performance grid connected PV system based on HERIC transformerless inverter
Authors: Hendawi Essam
Published: August 2020

This paper presents an effective single phase grid connected photovoltaic PV system based on High Efficiency and Reliable Inverter Concept HERIC transformerless inverter.  dc-dc boost converter controlled by incremental conductance IC maximum power point tracker MPPT is employed to achieve the maximum extraction power of the PV panels.  Proportional integral PI controller controls the output voltage of the boost converter to meet the utility grid requirements.  LCL filter is utilized to keep the inverter voltage very close to sinusoidal shape.   Employing the HERIC transformerless inverter reduces significantly the ground leakage current beyond safe limits.  Semiconductors losses are studied to investigate the efficiency of the proposed system at different insolation levels.  Simulation results verify the high performance of the proposed system when considering leakage current and system efficiency.
Leakage current signal parameter of various surface roughness conditions of field-aged polymer insulators
Authors: Din A. , M. Piah M. A. , R. Abdullah A. , Norddin N. , S. Abdullah F.
Published: August 2020

This paper presents the signal parameter of leakage current based on various surface roughness degradation conditions for field-aged high voltage polymer insulators. The arithmetical mean of surface roughness is measured accordingly, and also the surface leakage current signal is captured effectively using data acquisition device via the electrical stress test. With the variation of field-aged insulators ages which include 6-year, 12-year and 18-year, they have been mechanically tested using a surface roughness tester along with electrical testing by using the standard method of inclined plane test. The surface roughness data are recorded meanwhile the leakage current signals are further analyzed using Spectrogram to extract the signal parameter. These include the instantaneous root mean squared current, the instantaneous total harmonic distortion, the instantaneous total non- harmonic distortion and the instantaneous total waveform distortion. From the results of the comparative study, it has shown that the statistical quantity of leakage current signal parameters is responding in an increasing trend with respect to the incremental of the surface roughness. Thus, the signal parameters of the leakage current are able to indicate the degradation conditions of insulator surface.
An optimal design of square spiral integrated inductor using metaheuristic techniques
Authors: Abi Soufiane , Bouyghf Hamid , Bachir Benhala , Raihani Abdelhadi
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the optimal sizing of CMOS RF square spiral integrated inductor utilizing three meta-heuristic techniques namely Ant Colony Optimization, Artificial Bee Colony and Differential Evolution is presented. The π-model is employed for the characterization of inductor behavior. In this optimization procedure, the geometrical parameters of the CMOS RF square spiral integrated inductor are considered as the design variables that satisfy the most important constraints such as the fixed value of required inductance 4nH at the operating frequency 2.4 GHz. The design of the integrated square spiral inductor is done with UMC 130 nm CMOS technology. A comparison between the used meta-heuristic techniques is emphasized. The optimization results are checked and validated by the mean of the Momentum Advanced Design System (ADS).
A social constructivism framing of mobile pedagogy in english language teaching in the digital era
Authors: Jie Zhang , Puteh Marlia , Sazalli Abu Hasan
Published: August 2020

Social Constructivism is elaborated as a theoretical background to support modern pedagogy with mobile technology in the digital age. Studies of theories and framework in terms of mobile pedagogy are combed up to find its connection between language teaching and Social Constructivism. Four theoretical framework of mobile pedagogy are listed in this paper to establish the link with Social Constructivism. The analysis of the Zone of Proximal Development from Social Constructivism theory indicates that mobile pedagogy, integrated with technology, pedagogy and subject content, is student-driven model which needs teacher’s guidance in the level that students cannot scaffold knowledge on their own. Teachers have to update pedagogical concept with enhanced technological knowledge for the demand of education in the digital era.
Method to implement K-NN machine learning to classify data privacy in IoT environment
Authors: Makki Shallal Qahtan , Alaa Hussien Zaid , Ahmed Abbood Alaa
Published: August 2020

Internet of Things technology allows many devices to connect with each other. The interaction could be between humans and devices or between devices itself. In fact, the data are traveling between the devices through the media within the boundary, and it could be traveling outside the boundary when it required to be analyzed or stored in the cloud through the internet. Due the transmission media and internet, the data are vulnerable to attacks. Thus, the data need to be encrypted strongly for the purpose of protection. Usually, most of the encryption techniques will consume computer resources. In this work, we divide the data that are used in the IoT environment into three levels of sensitivity which are low, medium and high sensitive data to leverage the computer resources such as time of encryption and decryption, battery usage and so on. A framework is proposed in this work to encrypt the data depends on the level of sensitivity using the machine learning K nearest neighbors (K-NN).
Determinantes del rendimiento académico en Neiva: una aproximación a través de un modelo multinivel
Authors: Cerquera Losada Oscar Hernán , Giraldo Uribe José Jardani , Cordoba Nieto Guillermo Leon
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo analiza los determinantes del rendimiento académico de la educación media para las áreas de lenguaje y matemáticas en Neiva, Colombia, durante el periodo 2008-2011. Se desarrollaron métodos de investigación etnográficos, y también se estimó un modelo multinivel con el que se busca determinar el peso relativo de la escuela y las características individuales en el rendimiento académico. Se encontró que el efecto colegio tiene mayor peso sobre el rendimiento académico que el efecto estudiante.
Análise de assimetria na transmissão de preços por meio de Modelos VEC: aplicação à cadeia produtiva de carne bovina
Authors: Persona Helena Loiola , Figueiredo Adelson Martins , Aguiar Danilo Rolim Dias de
Published: August 2020

Este artigo visa analisar a transmissão de preços e as margens de comercialização entre os segmentos da cadeia produtiva de carne bovina, buscando evidência de possível exercício de poder de mercado. Foram estimados dois modelos Vetoriais de Correção de Erros com base no enfoque de Houck. Os resultados indicam simetria nas relações de preços entre atacado e varejo e assimetria entre atacado e produtor. Assim, há alguma evidência de possível exercício de poder de mercado apenas de jusante a montante (do atacado para o produtor). Isto pode ser explicado pelas diferenças na estrutura de mercado, já que varejo e atacado são oligopólios, diferentemente dos produtores.
As condições de saúde afetam os rendimentos do trabalho? Evidências para o mercado de trabalho no Brasil
Authors: Souza Wallace Patrick Santos de Farias , Ziegelmann Flávio Augusto , Figueiredo Erik Alencar de
Published: August 2020

O estudo busca mensurar o efeito das condições de saúde sobre o rendimento dos trabalhadores brasileiros, usando dados da PNAD de 2008. Para tanto, foram estimados o efeito de tratamento médio e quantílico com correção para o viés de seleção; o método de Lewbel (2012) que gera instrumentos internos a partir da heterocedasticidade dos resíduos e bounds para o efeito do tratamento seguindo Oster (2015). Os resultados mostram um impacto negativo de uma má condição de saúde na renda do trabalho para todas as especificações utilizadas, sendo o maior impacto sofrido por indivíduos localizados nos quantis mais baixos de renda.
Peer effects and scholastic achievement: spatial models estimates using the student friendship network at the classroom level
Authors: Raposo Isabel Pessoa de Arruda , Almeida de Menezes Tatiane , Carvalho de Andrade Lima Ricardo , Zimmerle da Nóbrega Ricardo
Published: August 2020

This paper evaluates the peer effects on individual academic performance. The identification strategy considers the architecture of friendship networks within classrooms, in addition to group and individual fixed effects. Estimates of spatial autoregressive models show that an increase of one standard deviation (sd) in peers’ math grade improves by 6% sds the student’s grade. Furthermore, when we also consider the indirect friendship bonds, the aggregate peer impact raises to 45% sds of the individual math grade.
Efecto de la integración física en regiones próximas a la Interoceanica: un análisis económico para el Brasil y Perú
Authors: Arevalo Jorge Luis Sanchez , Merlo Edgard Monforte
Published: August 2020

Este estudio tiene como objetivo probar empíricamente los objetivos de la integración física, específicamente los aspectos económicos. Ese tema pasa a ser relevante en las condiciones actuales, donde la búsqueda por nuevas formas de fortalecer las relaciones bilaterales y el comercio pueden servir de debate para el crecimiento de las regiones menos desarrolladas. Los resultados indican un beneficio no homogéneo de la integración física vinculado al mayor flujo comercial entre los dos países bajo estudio. El efecto frontera evidencia un efecto positivo para las regiones del Brasil y negativo para las regiones del Perú.
Contribuição à petrografia, geoquímica e geologia isotópica do Granito Itapuranga na porção central da Faixa Brasília
Authors: Silva Alanna Cristina Vieira Rodrigues da , Souza Valmir Da Silva , Matteini Massimo , Botelho Nilson Francisquini
Published: August 2020

O Granito Itapuranga localiza-se na porção central da Faixa Brasília, exibe formato alongado na direção E-W e está associado ao Lineamento dos Pirineus. Apresenta textura porfirítica em diferentes estágios deformacionais (protomilonito a ultramilonito), com mineralogia constituída de fenocristais de feldspato potássico em matriz quartzo-feldspática, associado a biotita e anfibólio, além de titanita, epídoto e zircão como minerais acessórios. Os dados geoquímicos revelam composição subalcalina de alto-K (shoshonítica) e metaluninosa, variando de quartzo sienito a sienogranito e monzogranito. As idades TDM Sm-Nd variam de 1,27 a 1,91 Ga com valores εNd(0) = -11 a -15, sugerindo fonte crustal mais antiga (Paleo a Mesoproterozoico). Esse magmatismo possui assinatura geoquímica do tipo-I e envolve processo de fracionamento, provavelmente de ambiente tardi-orogênico a pós-colisional. Os dados obtidos indicam que o Granito Itapuranga foi originado a partir da fusão parcial de uma crosta paleoproterozoica, interagindo com manto litosférico heterogêneo metassomatizado durante processo de subducção. Para essas interpretações, associa-se uma importante contribuição de fontes astenosféricas ligadas à colisão do Arco Magmático de Goiás a partir da fusão do manto por descompressão adiabática.
Genetic Loss of
I
K1
Causes Adrenergic-Induced Phase 3 Early Afterdepolariz ations and Polymorphic and Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Reilly Louise , Alvarado Francisco J. , Lang Di , Abozeid Sara , Van Ert Hannah , Spellman Cordell , Warden Jarrett , Makielski Jonathan C. , Glukhov Alexey V. , Eckhardt Lee L.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Arrhythmia syndromes associated with
KCNJ2
mutations have been described clinically; however, little is known of the underlying arrhythmia mechanism. We create the first patient inspired
KCNJ2
transgenic mouse and study effects of this mutation on cardiac function,
I
K1
, and Ca
2+
handling, to determine the underlying cellular arrhythmic pathogenesis.

Methods:

A cardiac-specific
KCNJ2
-R67Q mouse was generated and bred for heterozygosity (R67Q
+/−
). Echocardiography was performed at rest, under anesthesia. In vivo ECG recording and whole heart optical mapping of intact hearts was performed before and after adrenergic stimulation in wild-type (WT) littermate controls and R67Q
+/−
mice.
I
K1
measurements, action potential characterization, and intracellular Ca
2+
imaging from isolated ventricular myocytes at baseline and after adrenergic stimulation were performed in WT and R67Q
+/−
mice.

Results:

R67Q
+/−
mice (n=17) showed normal cardiac function, structure, and baseline electrical activity compared with WT (n=10). Following epinephrine and caffeine, only the R67Q
+/−
mice had bidirectional ventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, frequent ventricular ectopy, and/or bigeminy and optical mapping demonstrated high prevalence of spontaneous and sustained ventricular arrhythmia. Both R67Q
+/−
(n=8) and WT myocytes (n=9) demonstrated typical n-shaped
I
K1
IV
relationship; however, following isoproterenol, max outward
I
K1
increased by ≈20% in WT but decreased by ≈24% in R67Q
+/−
(
P
<0.01). R67Q
+/−
myocytes (n=5) demonstrated prolonged action potential duration at 90% repolarization and after 10 nmol/L isoproterenol compared with WT (n=7;
P
<0.05). Ca
2+
transient amplitude, 50% decay rate, and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
content were not different between WT (n=18) and R67Q
+/−
(n=16) myocytes. R67Q
+/−
myocytes (n=10) under adrenergic stimulation showed frequent spontaneous development of early afterdepolarizations that occurred at phase 3 of action potential repolarization.

Conclusions:

KCNJ2
mutation R67Q
+/−
causes adrenergic-dependent loss of
I
K1
during terminal repolarization and vulnerability to phase 3 early afterdepolarizations. This model clarifies a heretofore unknown arrhythmia mechanism and extends our understanding of treatment implications for patients with
KCNJ2
mutation.
Microanalytical techniques for phenotyping secondary xylem
Authors: Karannagoda Nadeeshani , Spokevicius Antanas , Hussey Steven , Bossinger Gerd
Published: August 2020

The products of secondary xylem are of significant biological and commercial importance, and as a result, the biology of secondary growth and how intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence this process have been the subject of intense investigation. Studies into secondary xylem range in scale from the cellular to the forest stand level, with phenotypic analyses often involving the assessment of traits relating to cell morphology and cell wall chemical composition. While numerous techniques are currently available for phenotypic analyses of samples containing abundant amounts of secondary tissue, only a few of them (microanalytical techniques) are suitable when working with limiting amounts of secondary tissue or where a fine-scale resolution of morphological features or cell wall chemical composition is required. While polarised light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy and X-ray scattering and micro-tomography techniques serve as the most frequently used microanalytical techniques in morphotyping, techniques such as scanning ultraviolet microspectrophotometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, gas chromatography, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry serve as the most commonly used microanalytical techniques in chemotyping. Light microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy serve as dual micro morphotyping and chemotyping techniques. In this review, we summarise and discuss these techniques in the light of their applicability as microanalytical techniques to study secondary xylem.
Nepenthes putaiguneung (Nepenthaceae), a new species from highland of Sumatra, Indonesia

Authors: METUSALA DESTARIO , AL FARISHY DEE DEE , JEBB MATTHEW
Published: August 2020

A new species of Nepenthes—Nepenthes putaiguneung—from the highlands of Sumatra (Indonesia) is described and illustrated. This new species is morphologically similar with N. Singalana from which differs in having narrowly spathulate leaves, more gracile upper pitchers with a finely ribbed peristome, lacking teeth on its inner edge, lid with a basal crest and a short tooth-like triangular appendage near the apex on the underside (not lacking such appendages), the lid glands of lower pitcher confined to the midline (not scattered evenly over the whole surface), and pedicel of lower male flowers usually with minutely short bracteole. N. putaiguneung is also similar to N. mikei but differs in having narrowly spathulate leaves with obtuse apex, lower pitcher with slender infundibulate shape below and cylindrical above, peristome of lower pitcher with short and denser distinct ribs, lid of lower and upper pitcher with a prominent glandular crest at the base of midrib, several distinct glands on the lid of lower pitcher that clustered along the midrib; and pedicel of lower male flowers that usually with minutely short bracteole.
A new species of the genus Sinohaplotropis Cao et Yin, 2008 (Orthoptera, Acridoidea, Pamphagidae) from Amur River, Russia
Authors: YIN HAI-XIANG , ZHANG DA-PENG , YIN ZHAN
Published: August 2020

The genus Sinohaplotropis Cao et Yin, 2008 is a valid genus and not a synonym of Haplotropis Saussur, 1888. A new species Sinohaplotropis amurensis sp. nov. is described in this paper from Russia. The new species is similar to Sinohaplotropis erenchuanensis Cao et Yin, 2008, but differs from latter by subgenital plate of male triangular, with large bifurcate apex in dorsal view, pronotum longer reaching first abdominal tergite, top of Kraus` organ narrow and interspace of mesosternum straight in the middle. Type specimen is deposited in the Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
Description of two new Australian species of Abantiades Herrich-Schäffer (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) and females of two further species with notes on their biogeography
Authors: MOORE MICHAEL D. , BEAVER ETHAN P. , VELASCO-CASTRILLÓN ALEJANDRO , STEVENS MARK I.
Published: August 2020

Abantiades cephalocorvus sp. nov. and Abantiades tembyi sp. nov. are described, along with the previously undescribed females of A. macropusinsulariae Simonsen, 2018 and A. pallida Simonsen, 2018. All of these species belong to a triforked Abantiades Herrich-Schäffer clade that is loosely centred around the Nullarbor and other arid regions of Australia. We explore DNA barcodes (mtDNA COI gene) from these and other Abantiades and discuss their significance for species recognition. The species distributions are entirely or largely allopatric and we discuss their origins from a widespread common ancestor that was likely distributed over inland and coastal regions in the mid- to late-Mesozoic before the onset of desertification. Notes on new distributional data for all of the known species in this clade are included.
The green lacewing genus Austrochrysa Esben-Petersen, 1928 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China, with description of two new species
Authors: MA YUNLONG , YANG XINGKE , LIU XINGYUE
Published: August 2020

A taxonomic study of the green lacewing genus Austrochrysa Esben-Petersen, 1928 from China is presented. Three species of Austrochrysa are recorded from China. Two new species, Austrochrysa lihongyui sp. nov. and Austrochrysa angusta sp. nov., which are described in this study, and a new combination, i.e. Austrochrysa tropica (Yang & Wang, 1994) comb. nov., is proposed. The genus Yunchrysopa Yang & Wang, 1994 is here considered as a junior synonym of Austrochrysa Esben-Petersen, 1928.
Heavy Daily Precipitation Events in the CMIP6 Worst-Case Scenario: Projected Twenty-First-Century Changes
Authors: Scoccimarro Enrico , Gualdi Silvio
Published: August 2020

Heavy precipitation is often the trigger for flooding and landslides, leading to significant societal and economic impacts, ranging from fatalities to damage to infrastructure to loss of crops and livestock. Therefore, it is critical that we have a better understanding of how it may be changing in the future. Based on model projections from phases 3 and 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3 and CMIP5), future daily precipitation is likely to increase in intensity. The main goal of this study is to examine possible improvements in the representation of intense and extreme precipitation by a new set of climate models contributing to phase 6 of CMIP effort (CMIP6) and to quantify its projected changes under the highest emissions scenario by the end of the current century [i.e., Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) SSP5-8.5]. Daily precipitation data from six CMIP6 models were analyzed that have a nominal horizontal grid spacing around 100 km and provide data for the highest emissions scenario SSP5-8.5. Two of the six CMIP6 models overestimate the extreme precipitation (defined as the 99th percentile of the precipitation distribution) in the tropics, leading to large biases in the right tail of the daily precipitation over the tropics. Consistent with the CMIP5 results, the CMIP6 models projected increased heavy daily precipitation and increased width of the right tail of the precipitation distribution associated with increased water vapor content.
A Compact, Flexible, and Robust Micropulsed Doppler Lidar
Authors: Schroeder Paul , Brewer W. Alan , Choukulkar Aditya , Weickmann Ann , Zucker Michael , Holloway Maxwell W. , Sandberg Scott
Published: August 2020

This work details a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) microjoule-class pulsed coherent Doppler lidar system configuration designed to measure line-of-sight wind velocities and backscatter intensity of atmospheric aerosols. The instrument is unique in its form factor. It consists of two physically separated modules connected by a 10 m umbilical cable. One module hosts the transceiver, which is composed of the telescope, transmit/receive (T/R) switch, and high-gain optical amplifier, and is housed in a small box (34.3 cm × 34.3 cm × 17.8 cm). The second module contains the data acquisition system and several electro-optical components. This form factor enables deployments on platforms that are otherwise inaccessible by commercial and research instruments of similar design. In this work, optical, electrical, and data acquisition components and configurations of the lidar are detailed and two example deployments are presented. The first deployment describes measurements of a controlled wildfire burn from a small aircraft to measure vertical plume dynamics and fire inflow conditions during summer in Florida. The second presents measurements of the marine boundary layer height and vertical velocity and variance profiles from the Research Vessel (R/V) Thomas Thompson. The new instrument has enabled greater flexibility in field campaigns where previous instruments would have been too costly or space prohibitive to deploy.
Welcoming, Trust, and Civic Engagement: Immigrant Integration in Metropolitan America
Authors: Okamoto Dina G. , Tropp Linda R. , Marrow Helen B. , Jones-Correa Michael
Published: August 2020

Prior studies have sought to understand how immigrants integrate into U.S. society, focusing on the ways in which local contexts and institutions limit immigrant incorporation. In this study, we consider how interactions among immigrants and U.S.-born within receiving communities contribute to the process of immigrant integration. We emphasize the extent to which immigrants perceive that they are welcome in their social environments and the downstream effects of those perceptions. Drawing on new representative survey data and in-depth interviews with first-generation Mexican and Indian immigrants in the Atlanta and Philadelphia metropolitan areas, we examine what constitutes feeling welcomed and how these perceptions are associated with immigrants’ interest and trust in the U.S.-born and with their civic participation. Our focus on two metropolitan areas with long-standing racialized dynamics, coupled with new waves of immigration, provides insights about the role of welcoming contexts in immigrant integration in the twenty-first century.
Urban Contexts and Immigrant Organizations: Differences in New York, El Paso, Paris, and Barcelona
Authors: Castañeda Ernesto
Published: August 2020

This article compares immigrant and ethnic organizations in four major immigrant-receiving cities and reveals substantial variation across these immigrant gateway cities. Using data from ethnographic fieldwork and an original database of relevant organizations in New York City; El Paso, Texas; Paris; and Barcelona, I find differences in organizational type and density, as well as in their legitimacy and funding. This article contributes to a growing literature on immigrant organizations. Although immigrant organizations have a long history in some cities, they may not always operate in ways that enhance refugee and migrant integration. Comparing immigrant organizations is fruitful because it tells us more about city and national political systems and why distinct localities deal with cultural minorities differently. These comparisons can help the readers to understand the barriers and ladders that immigrants encounter in different cities and inform policy-makers in designing better approaches to incorporate immigrants.
Family Separation and Lives in Limbo: U.S. Immigration Policy in the 1920s and during the Trump Administration
Authors: Schacher Yael
Published: August 2020

Drawing on the author’s work with refugees and asylum seekers in the United States, this article examines policies and practices related to family separation among immigrants in the 1920s and now. I use data collected from historical archives and firsthand interviews with refugees and asylum seekers and describe how restrictions on the admission of relatives leaves immigrants and refugees in the United States feeling unsettled and divided. I compare the situation in the 1920s to more recent years, when the federal government has pursued policies to restrict admission and impede integration.
Weibull parameters estimation using combined energy pattern and power density method for wind resource assessment
Authors: Sumair Muhammad , Aized Tauseef , Gardezi Syed Asad Raza , Bhutta Muhammad Mahmood Aslam , Ubaid ur Rehman Syed , Sohail Rehman Syed Muhammad
Published: August 2020

This work deals with the development of Combined Energy Pattern & Power Density Method (CEPPDM) to evaluate the two parameters needed to define Weibull distribution. Five years (2015–2019) wind data recorded each 60-minutes interval at eleven representative sites in Pakistan was used and efficiency of CEPPDM was compared with Energy Pattern Factor Method (EPFM) and Power Density Method (PDM) with the help of MAPE, MSE and R2. Analysis showed that CEPPDM is the most efficient method while EPFM is the least efficient. Furthermore, it was found that RYK is the most lucrative site and Layyah is the weakest site regarding wind potential. Wind rose plots were drawn which showed that the wind mainly blows in the range of 200°–270°.
Standardization and Reduction of Narcotics After Pediatric Tonsillectomy
Authors: O’Brien Daniel C. , Zalzal Habib , Adkins David , Gates Christopher , Gonzaga Joedell , Sanders Logan , Carr Michele M. , Kellermeyer Brian
Published: August 2020

Objectives

(1) To measure caregiver satisfaction with a nonstandardized postoperative pain regimen after pediatric tonsillectomy. (2) To implement a quality improvement project (QIP) to reduce the number and volume of narcotics prescribed and to describe the effect on caregiver satisfaction.

Methods

A prospective cohort study at a tertiary children’s hospital examined postoperative narcotics prescribed to children following adenotonsillectomy. A QIP was implemented 3 months into the observation, with the goal to standardize nonnarcotic analgesics and reduce the volume of narcotics prescribed. Caregivers were called 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively to assess pain control and caregiver satisfaction.

Results

Over an 8‐month period, 118 patients were recruited (66 before the QIP, 52 after induction). Prior to the QIP, 47% of patients were prescribed postoperative narcotics, as opposed to 27% after the QIP (P <. 05). There was a significant reduction in the volume of narcotics prescribed before (mean ± SD, 300 ± 150 mL) versus after (180 ± 111 mL) the initiative (P <. 05). The per‐kilogram dose did not change over the study time frame. On a 5‐point Likert scale, there was no difference in the caregivers’ satisfaction regarding pain control before (4.37 ± 0.85) versus after (4.35 ± 1.0) the project started.

Discussion

A system shift was identified with the establishment of a posttonsillectomy pain control protocol associated with a reduction in prescribed narcotics without a significant change in caregiver satisfaction.

Implications for Practice

Implementing a standardized plan for the use of nonnarcotic medications was associated with reduced frequency and volume of narcotics prescribed. Future work will further standardize our postoperative pain regimen.
The Utility of the Cl:PO4 Ratio in Patients With Variant Versions of Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Wright Courtney , King Deanne , Small Mariah , Gibson Celeste , Gardner Reed , Stack Brendan C.
Published: August 2020

Objective

To determine the significance and impact of additional chloride testing as part of a diagnostic laboratory test battery for borderline primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).

Study Design

Retrospective database review of parathyroidectomy patients.

Setting

A tertiary care, academic health sciences center.

Subjects and Methods

Patients referred to a head and neck endocrine clinic for evaluation and treatment for pHPT.

Results

After exclusions, there were a total of 226 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism with the requisite preoperative and postoperative labs. Seventy‐seven additional patients who had a thyroid operation for a nonmalignant cause were included as controls. Of the 303 total patients, 166 had normal calcium levels (<10.4 mg/dL), and 54 (32.5%) also exhibited hyperchloremia (>106 mmol/L). Of the 47 patients with normal calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (<88 pg/mL), 6 (12.8%) had hyperchloremia, and of the 118 patients with normocalcemic pHPT, 48 (40.7%) were hyperchloremic. The area under the curve for the Cl:PO4 was 0.712. When using a cutoff of 33, the reported sensitivity and specificity of the curve were 58.4% and 28.6%, respectively.

Conclusion

The Cl:PO4 ratio was a moderately sensitive test for the diagnosis of the borderline variants of primary hyperparathyroidism. The Ca:PO4 ratio was superior to the Cl:PO4 ratio. Our data also showed the superiority of preoperative calcium and ionized calcium over PTH when predicting the presence of pHPT.
Methylene Blue as a Diagnosis and Screening Tool for Oral Cancer and Precancer
Authors: Hwang Se Hwan , Kim Sung Won , Song Eun A. , Lee Junuk , Kim Do Hyun
Published: August 2020

Objectives

To evaluate the accuracy of methylene blue (MB) for diagnosing oral cancer and precancer.

Data Sources

PubMed, Cochrane Database, Embase, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar.

Review Methods

Two authors working independently reviewed 6 databases from their dates of inception until April 2020. Studies exploring oral mucosal disorders as detected by MB were assessed. True‐positive, true‐negative, false‐positive, and false‐negative data were extracted for each study. Methodological quality was evaluated with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool (v 2).

Results

Seven prospective and retrospective studies (N = 493) were included. The diagnostic odds ratio of MB was 20.017 (95% CI, 10.65‐37.63, I2 = 23%). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.699. Sensitivity was 0.903 (95% CI, 0.84‐0.94, I2 = 54%), and specificity was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.60‐0.75, I2 = 0%). The correlation between the sensitivity and the false‐positive rate was –0.17, indicating an absence of heterogeneity.

Conclusions

Regarding diagnostic accuracy, MB had high sensitivity but low specificity, suggesting that it cannot be recommended as a replacement for the currently used standard of a scalpel biopsy with histologic assessment. Instead, it should be used as an adjunct to conventional assessment because of its low toxicity and price.
Aid’s urban footprint and its implications for local inequality and governance
Authors: Carolini Gabriella Y.
Published: August 2020

This paper analyzes how local urban development, and governance therein, are being shaped by the explosion of actors within the donor and investment community in African countries like Mozambique. More specifically, drawing on qualitative fieldwork in Maputo, existing data on aid and private sector flows to Mozambique, and a spatial analysis of new real estate developments between 2009 and 2017, I forward two novel arguments about the negative externcalities fostered by the growing density of the community of international development professionals and their foreign private-sector counterparts in the Mozambican capital of Maputo. First, I show that the increasing density of international actors in the capital city and their living needs, as well as how those needs are treated by the public sector, are deepening a housing, infrastructure, and amenities divide between the rentier and international classes in the city and the majority of low-income residents. Second, I contend that the very readiness of non-tax revenue sources from international agents is enabling a continued reliance on external funding, rather than own-source revenues, for major capital investments. This balance in favor of external financing further diminishes the already weak tax bargaining potential of the local population in making demands for urban development projects that directly serve them. In conclusion, I argue that the international development organizations portending an interest in the enhancement of urban equities and fiscal responsibility across cities like Maputo especially need to rethink their operational presence to better address the perverse externalities of their physical and socio-economic imprints on the urban landscapes in which they operate.
U.S. State Variation in Frequency and Prevalence of Nursing Home Complaints
Authors: Peterson Lindsay J. , Bowblis John R. , Jester Dylan J. , Hyer Kathryn
Published: August 2020

Consumers play a key role in the U.S. nursing home (NH) oversight through a federally established complaint process. However, past variation by state in complaint numbers and rates raised questions about the uniformity of the process. We examined state variation in numbers of complaints at intake and substantiated complaints, percentages of NHs with at least one complaint and one substantiated complaint, number of allegations per complaint, and complaint substantiation rates. We found state variation most prominently at the intake level, ranging from 0.4 to 30.4 complaints per NH. The investigation process appears to reduce this variation: however, variation remains among states in frequency and prevalence of substantiated complaints. Further work is needed to ensure federal standards concerning the handling of consumer complaints are applied equally across the states. This includes policies affecting how complaints are initially filed, in addition to how complaints are investigated.
Mechanical performance of additively manufactured uniform and graded porous structures based on topology-optimized unit cells
Authors: Teimouri Mohsen , Asgari Masoud
Published: August 2020

A topology optimization (TO) method is used to develop new and efficient unit cells to be used in additively manufactured porous lattice structures. Two types of unit cells including solid and thin-walled shell-type ones are introduced for generating the desired regular and functionally graded (FG) lattice structures. To evaluate structural stiffness and crushing behavior of the proposed lattice structures, their mechanical properties, and energy absorption parameters have been calculated through implementing finite element (FE) simulations on them. To validate the simulations, two samples were fabricated by a stereolithography (SLA) machine. Besides, the effects of geometrical parameters and optimizing scheme of the unit cells on the mechanical properties of the proposed structures are studied. Consequently, energy absorption parameters have been calculated and compared for both the solid and thin-walled lattice structures to evaluate their ability in energy absorption. It was found in general that for the solid lattice structures, the mechanical properties, and the crushing parameters are directly affected by porosity though in shell-type ones superior mechanical properties could be achieved even for a smaller proportion of material usage.
Systematic reduced order model development of a pitching NACA0012 airfoil
Authors: Mohrfeld Halterman Jaclynn , Uddin Mesbah
Published: August 2020

Simple reduced order models (ROMs) for the aerodynamic coefficients - lift, drag, and pitch moment - of a pitching NACA0012 airfoil are presented. The ROMs are designed for quick computation of the transient aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil and are developed utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation results. The entire aerodynamic system is modeled as a single input, multi output system yielding three independent systems to be characterized. A systematic, two step process is employed to develop the ROMs for each aerodynamic system. First, a CFD simulation is conducted to determine the linearity of each system, and any nonlinear system is restructured as a nonlinear operator followed by a linear system to allow for the use of linear system identification techniques. A second CFD simulation is conducted to determine the frequency response of each linear system, and the coefficients of each ROM are extracted by fitting a second order model to each frequency response function. The ROMs are validated against an independent CFD simulation of a pitching airfoil and are shown to accurately model each aerodynamic coefficient.
Reconstruction of cropland cover using historical literature and settlement relics in farming areas of Shangjing Dao during the Liao Dynasty, China, around 1100 AD
Authors: Wu Zhilei , Fang Xiuqi , Jia Dan , Zhao Wanyi
Published: August 2020

To improve the accuracy of historical cropland data, we reconstructed cropland cover in the northern China’s farming–pastoral zone during the Liao dynasty using historical literature and settlement relics. We first reconstructed the total cropland area using historical household data based on the cropland area per household. Next, we allocated the cropland area into 5′ grid cells weighted by settlement density to generate a cropland data. Our main findings were as follows: (1) Data on settlement relics enabled not only the identification of ancient farming areas but also the allocation of cropland cover within high resolution grids in the study area. (2) In the flourishing period of the Liao dynasty, the total cropland area was 0.39 × 104 km2. The cropland grids comprised 28.30% of the total grids, with average and maximum values of cropland fractions of 6.61% and 31.18%, respectively. (3) Compared with our result, we found that the PJ overestimate the cropland area of the study area in 1100 AD, whereas the HYDE 3.2 underestimate it. The area of anthropogenic land use in KK 10 was larger than the cropland area in this study too. None of the three global datasets revealed the mosaic spatial distribution pattern of cropland cover in this study area. (4) The orders of land suitability for cultivation during the Liao dynasty and the present period were almost the identical, even in the farming–pastoral zone of northern China, which has fragile ecological environment.
METTL3 May Regulate Testicular Germ Cell Tumors Through EMT and Immune Pathways
Authors: Luo Yang , Sun Yuan , Li Lei , Mao Yuling
Published: August 2020

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are highly prevalent in young men aged 20–40 years and are one of the most common lethal solid tumors in men of this age. Due to the current unclear mechanism of tumor development, there is a lack of effective treatment, and therefore in-depth research of the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of TGCT and the search for suitable and effective therapeutic targets and molecular markers are of great significance for achieving effective treatment. METTL3 is a very important methylase, which has been implicated in the progression of many cancers, but the role of METTL3 in TGCT has not been fully elucidated. In this article, we found that METTL3 expression was significantly downregulated in TGCT tissues, and patients with low expression levels had lower overall survival and relapse-free survival rates. After overexpressing METTL3, cell proliferation, invasion, and migration ability significantly increased, while influencing the expression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. In addition, we observed that the expression level of METTL3 positively correlated with molecular markers and infiltration level of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and natural killer cells. In sum, our findings identified that METTL3 can be used as an independent prognostic marker in patients with TGCT. METTL3 participates in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TGCT cells by regulating the expression of EMT-related genes and may also play a role in activating the tumor immune response in TGCT.