bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive evaluation of winter resistance and potential frost resistance of woody vines of the Vitaceae juss. family in the conditions of introduction in the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Makovskiy Vitaliy
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study was to investigate the winter and frost resistance of introduced woody vines of the Vitaceae family of the genus Ampelopsis Michx. and Parthenocissus Planch. in the conditions of introduction in the city of Kyiv, located in the Right-bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. The actual winter resistance in the field was determined by establishing the degree of freezing of shoots after the winter, which was calculated by the percentage of the damaged part of its total length. The dependence of the degree of winter resistance on phenological features of seasonal development was defined as the ratio of the duration of vegetation to the duration of shoot growth. Potential frost resistance was determined by setting the biological limit of frost resistance of individual tissues of the medial part of annual shoots by determining the level of their damage as a result of direct freezing at a given temperature. According to the results of the research, we provided comprehensive estimation of winter and frost resistance of the investigated representatives. Research has shown that woody vines of the genus Parthenocissus are characterized by a sufficient level of winter hardiness and potential frost resistance, and members of the genus Ampelopsis – medium and low. Thus, in modern climate change, introduced woody vines of the genus Parthenocissus manifest themselves as plants with a higher degree of winter- and potential frost-resistance than the representatives of the genus Ampelopsis, because after the winter their shoots freeze less, and the tissues of shoots and buds are less exposed to the harmful effects of lowering the temperature. This indicates a high correspondence of the phenorhythmics of their seasonal development to the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, timely entry into the dormant period.
New finding of Vaucheria aversa Hassall (Ochrophyta, Xanthophyceae) in Ukraine
Authors: Raida Olena , Burova Olha , Olshanskyi Igor
Published: June 2021

Vaucheria aversa (Xanthophyta) was recorded for the first time in Ukraine in Sula River, Hydrological Reserve «Artopolot», Poltava Region. It was found in benthos in spring (May 2020) in silty-sandy soil in shallow water. The material was collected and processed according to a common methodology. Sterile samples before the appearance of the gametengians were kept in natural water in petri dishes in well-lit places. This method of «coarse culture», in most cases, allowed to get gametangia within two weeks. The species identification was done with fertile filaments only. 4% formaldehyde solution was used for material fixation. Taxonomic identification of samples was done using a comparative and morphological methods, which includes analysis of morphological variability and verification of the consistency of the studied material with the diagnosis. Thalli of V. aversa are direct, branched, bisexual, 80–90 μm wide. Antheridia are cylindrical, tubular shape, pressed to the filament or slightly raised above it, 119–130 × 41–43 μm. Oogonia erect, sessile, ovoid to subspherical, sometimes placed in pairs, with a curved beak at the front, 190–230 × 140–163 μm. According to morphological characteristics this species is similar to another one from section Tubligerae Walz – V. fontinalis (Linnaeus) T.A. Christensen. Their distinctive and common features are as follows. Filaments of V. fontinalis are narrower (up to 75 μm) than V. aversa (up to 131 μm). Both species are characterized by oogonia grouped together in a row. Antheridia present in quantity 1 or 2 on both sides of oogonia. But the species are very different in size and shape of oogonia: in V. aversa they are sessile, located one at a time or less often two, extended near the base, sharply narrowed at the apex. The beak is directed straight or obliquely up, bent to the side of the oogonia body. In V. fontinalis oogonia are placed in one row, most often in the amount of 1-6, the beak tapers gradually. Anteridia are cylindrical, on short pedicel. V. aversa grew as a part of polyspecies complex of green algae together with representatives of such genera as Cladophora Kützing, Spirogyra Link and Mougeotia C. Agardh. V. aversa is widely distributed in continental water bodies of Europe, Asia and North America, Australia and New Zealand, but is firstly recorded in Ukraine.
Salvia austriaca Jacq. (Lamiaceae) in Chernivtsi Region
Authors: Volutsa Olena , Tokaryuk Alla
Published: June 2021

Ecological-cenotical features of the only population of Salvia austriaca Jacq. in Chernivtsi region are elucidated. It was found that the population of S. austriaca in Hertsa is small in area and is characterized by low performance of density and abundance. Part of the species’s population is exposed to anthropogenic pressure associated with uncontrolled grazing and recreational load. On the positive side, there is no process of silvatization, which probably contributes to vegetative and generative regeneration in the population. The population of S. austriaca is a component of mesophytic meadow communities, wich are special biodiversity center for the region and need monitoring and conservation. In the studied region in relation to the main edaphic-hydrological factors S. austriaca is a mesophyte, hemihydrocontrastophile, subaerophobic, neutrophil, semiotrophic, acarbonatophile, geminitrophil. Taking into account the chorological and population features of S. austriaca, we propose to include this species in the regional list of rare and endangered plants of Chernivtsi region. The results of ecological-coenotic and population studies of the species will serve as a basis for further monitoring.
MANAJEMEN KAWASAN WISATA LEMBAH HARAU KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA
Authors: Yusman Deki , Effendi Nursyirwan , Ifdal Ifdal
Published: June 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana pengelolaan kawasan wisata Lembah Harau dan bagaimana peranan pemangku kepentingan (stakeholder) dalam mengelolanya. Metoda yang dipakai untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode dekriptif kualitatif, dengan mendeskripsikan kondisi yang ditemukan dilapangan serta membandingkannya dengan literatur yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini mengemukakan bahwa manajemen dalam pengelolaan kawasan wisata Lembah Harau saat ini belum optimal karena fungsi-fungsi manajemen dalam pengelolaannya belum terlaksana dengan baik. Dalam pengelolaan Kawasan wisata Lembah Harau peran swasta dalam saat ini sangat menonjol, hal ini dapat terlihat dari semakin banyaknya atraksi, wahana, penginapan dan sarana penunjang wisata lainnya yang berkembang di kawasan wisata Lembah Harau, namun hal ini tidak diringi dengan pengawasan yang dilakukan dinas terkait

Kata Kunci: Manajemen, Pengelolaan, Pariwisata, Peran, Stakeholder
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KAILAN (Brassica oleracea var achepala)TERHADAP KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAN MEDIA TANAM PADA PERTAMAN HIDROPONIK
Authors: Purba Rosmadelina , Purba Jonner , Tampubolon Andre Joy Hezwkiel
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul” Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kailan (Brassica oleracea var achapala) Terhadap Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair Dan Media Tanam Pada Pertanaman Hidroponik” .Penelitianini  dilaksanakanBulan Oktober hingga November ,di rumah kasa Fakultas Pertanian USI dengan ketiggian  ± 400 mdpl.                Tujuan penelitian adalah untukmengetahuirespon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kailan (Brassica oleracea var achapala) terhadap konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dan media tanam pada pertanaman hidroponik.Penelitiaanmenggunakan rancangan acaklengkap(RAL)faktorial, dengan2faktorperlakuan,dimanafaktorpertamaadalahkonsentrasi pupuk organik cair yangterdiridari 3 tarafyaitu N1= 5 ml/l , N2= 15 ml/l , N3 = 25 ml/l ,sedangkanuntukfaktorkeduaadalahmedia tanamterdiri dari 3tarafyaitu M1 = Rockwool ,M2 = Arang Sekam ,M3 = Cocopeat. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini diantaranya: tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat akar,berat segar tanaman                Hasil penelitianmenunjukkanbahwaperlakuanKombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dan media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada umur 28 HST tetapi ,tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 14 dan 21 HST, jumlah daun umur 14,21,28 HST , Berat akar, Berat segar per tanaman Perlakuan (N3M2 ) menunjukan tinggi tanaman tertinggi  pada umur 28 HST(29,04 cm). Jumlah daun umur 28 HST tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan N3M3 , N3M2 yang menunjukkan rata-rata yang sama (9,58). Berat akar N3M3 (3,55 g)Berat  segar tanaman tertinggi pada perlakuan N3M3 dan  N3M2 Masing-masing 11,75 g. Kata kunci: Kaylan,Pupuk organic cair, Media Tanam
MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL LACAK KATA DI KELAS X MIPA 2 SMA NEGERI 7 PADANG
Authors: Daswita Daswita
Published: June 2021

Penelitian tindakan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif penggunaan model lacak kata dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di SMA N 7 Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di sekolah. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X IPA 2 SMA N 7 Padang pada semester genap tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Ada tiga siklus dalam penelitian ini, Setiap siklus dilakukan dalam empat tahapan kegiatan, yakni : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan pemantulan. Analisis tiap siklus didasarkan pada hasil tes untuk melihat kemampuan kognitif dan hasil pengamatan u­­ntuk mengetahui sikap dan minat siswa. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model lacak kata dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan minat siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari kecendrungan peningkatan hasil belajar dan minat siswa setiap siklus.Kata kunci : minat belajat, lacak kata, mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Kinerja Arsitektur Interoperabilitas Menggunakan Government Service Bus (GSB) dan Peer to Peer (P2P)
Authors: Wiyatnanto Eko , Haris Arief Indriarto
Published: June 2021

Peran arsitektur interoperabilitas menjadi salah satu solusi terhadap permasalahan redudansi data dan perbedaan data yang menyebabkan tingkat keakuratan data menjadi rendah. Namun kinerja dari arsitektur interoperabilitas perlu dilakukan evaluasi sebagai upaya untuk meningkatan kualitas aplikasi itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi arsitektur interoperabilitas antara arsitektur menggunakan Government Service Bus (GSB) dan Peer to Peer (P2P), melalui beberapa pengujian, yaitu load testing dan stress testing. Pengujian load testing dan stress testing bertujuan untuk mengukur kecepatan dan ketahanan aplikasi dengan cara mengirimkan request dan mengukur respon dari aplikasi tersebut. Perbedaannya, pada load testing dilakukan pengujian dengan load condition tertentu, sedangkan pada stress testing dilakukan pengujian pada kondisi ekstrem. Pengujian load testing, dilakukan penetapan load condition dengan kelipatan jumlah pengguna 100 hingga 500, dengan tools JMeter. Pada stress testing, dilakukan pengujian dengan jumlah 1000 pengguna, dengan tools Loader.io. Hasil pengujian load testing menunjukan bahwa waktu rata-rata akses GSB lebih kecil dibanding P2P, dengan rata-rata 2ms hingga 309ms dan tingkat error request 0%. Hasil pengujian stress testing, arsitektur GSB lebih cepat dibanding dengan arsitektur P2P dengan selisih waktu rata-rata akses 2957/ms, selisih throughput sebesar 1.5/s, namun GSB memiliki tingkat error request lebih tinggi dibandingkan P2P dengan selisih 16,05%. Pada kondisi umum dengan beban tertentu, arsitektur GSB memiliki performansi yang lebih unggul, hal ini terlihat dari waktu akses dan error request. Sedangkan pada kondisi ekstrem arsitektur GSB mengalami penurunan performansi, hal ini terlihat dari tingkat error request yang lebih besar ketika menangani request dalam jumlah sangat besar.
Pengenalan Aktivitas Manusia Melalui Analisis Data Gerakan Smartphone
Authors: Surbakti Eunike Endariahna , Suciani Andes , Silaen Philipus , Adibowo Septian
Published: June 2021

Abstrak− Telepon pintar masa tidak hanya sebagai alat komunikasi tetapi kini menawarkan banyak fitur dan penyebaran sensor. Telepon pintar juga dirancang untuk melacak kegiatan penggunanya setiap hari, belajar dan kemudian membantu pengguna untuk membuat keputusan yang lebih baik mengenai tindakan yang dilakukan pengguna di masa mendatang. Aplikasi yang memanfaatkan gerakan dari smartphone untuk menganalisa aktivitas manusia yang digunakan oleh Moves app, Fitbit Charge, Nike Fuelband, Apple Watch Health app. Untuk melakukan aktivitas pengenalan gerakan manusia, data dihasilkan dan dikumpulkan dari telepon pintar seperti iPhone dan Android, atau peralatan yang dapat dipakai seperti jam tangan pintar Apple Watch, Nike Fuelband, dan Fitbit Charge. Sensor yang biasa digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data di antaranya adalah accelerometer, gyroscope, monitor detak jantung, dan termomete. Metode lain juga mengkombinasikan sensor-sensor ini dengan magnetometer dan GPS. Pada penelitian ini membandingkan penelitian terdahulu untuk mencari peluang dari manfaat yang dihasilkan seperti monitoring tahanan kota, pengelompokkan komunitas, pendeteksian kepadatan kota dan peta distribusi yang datanya bisa digunakan oleh peluang bisnis.

Kata Kunci: Accelerometer, Aktivitas pengenalan Gerakan manusia, Gyroscope, Monitor detak jantung , Termomete.
Enhancement of Asphalt Performance by Graphene-Based Bitumen Nanocomposites
Authors: Moghtadernejad Sara , Barjasteh Ehsan , Nagata Ren , Malabeh Haia
Published: June 2021

As the State of California continues to grow, demand for enhanced infrastructure such as roadways and highways escalates. In view of the current average highway lifespan of 15–20 years, the improvement of asphalt binders leads to material sustainability by decreasing required maintenance and increasing the lifespan of roadways. In the present investigation, enhancement of asphalt binder properties was achieved by different methods of mixing varying compositions of graphene nanoparticles with an SBS polymer and asphalt binder. Additionally, experimental evaluation and comparison of the rheological and mechanical properties of each specimen is presented. Graphene nanoparticles have attracted great curiosity in the field of highway materials due to their incredible rigidity, even in small quantities. Addition of as little as 1.0%nanoparticles in combination with polymers in an asphalt binder is expected to increase the rigidity of the material while also maintaining the beneficial polymer characteristics. Evaluation of the effect of the mixing design established that the methods for application of graphene to the polymer-modified asphalt binder are critical in the improvement of a roadway, resulting in resistance to premature aging and strain from constant road operation.
COMMON LAW IN MEDIEVAL HUNGARIAN SOURCES
Authors: Plotskaya O.A.
Published: June 2021

This work examines the issues of consolidation of customary law in medieval Hungarian sources. The relevance of the study of customary law as the most important part of the socio-normative culture and the traditional legal regulator, normatively fixing ethnic identity, expressed not only in the national-cultural worldview, but also in the written medieval Hungarian sources that operated for many centuries, starting from the origins of the creation of the Hungarian state until the beginning of the XVI century, no doubt. The aim of the work is to study customary law, its institutions in the sources of law of medieval Hungary. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it analyzes the empirical historical and legal material, which makes it possible to identify the institutions of customary law in the medieval Magyar sources of law. In a comprehensive study of customary legal aspects, in Hungarian sources of law, it is important to be guided not only by the formational approach, which makes it possible to understand the changes that took place in the medieval period, during the emergence and development of feudal relations in the Western European state, but also by the civilizational approach, revealing the historical, political, socio-cultural components of the feudal Christian state. The methodological basis of this research is formed by a system of cognitive methods developed by various modern sciences. Thanks to the application of the systemic method, the customary law of the Hungarian people is important to consider as an element of the legal space of Hungary as a Central European state. The study shows that the Hungarians had a law as their initial act. Many Hungarian customs and customary legal institutions found their fixation precisely in written sources of law.
CONDITIONS FOR THE OCCURRENCE OF OBLIGATIONS TO COMPENSATE FOR DAMAGE CAUSED BY LAWFUL ACTIONS OF STATE BODIES, AS WELL AS THEIR OFFICIALS
Authors: Yakhyaev Magomed Yakhyaevich
Published: June 2021

Сhanges in civil legislation have created a separate type of tort obligations, in which the state compensates for damage caused to the person or property of a citizen or the property of a legal entity by lawful actions of public authorities. Along with the tort obligations that are well covered in the scientific literature, these issues concerning the lawful actions of the State that cause harm to citizens or legal entities are ignored. In the article, the author conducts a comparative legal analysis of the conditions for the emergence of obligations to compensate for damage caused by lawful actions of the state. The research is based on general scientific methods of cognition, as well as special legal ones (comparative legal, technical legal, formal legal). On the basis of the conducted research, the author draws conclusions about the legal nature of the obligations under study, and also makes an attempt to identify the existing problems of the emergence of obligations to compensate for damage caused by lawful actions of state bodies. The main problem of the study of obligations to compensate for harm is to determine the conditions of their occurrence, the characteristics of lawful harm caused by state bodies, leading to the emergence of obligations to compensate for harm. Obligations to compensate for rightfully caused harm are conditioned by the protection of subjective rights. These obligations exist for the purpose of compensation for the restoration of the right violated by the lawful actions of State bodies in the event that public interests prevail over personal ones. Examining tort obligations, as the most widely covered in the scientific literature, it was concluded that they are very similar to obligations for compensation for rightfully caused harm, and pursue the same goal: restoring the position of the injured person.
ISSUES OF TEACHING STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITIES A PROFESSIONALLY-ORIENTED FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Rakhimbekova G.O. , Zhumadillayeva O. A.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the issues of teaching professionally-oriented foreign languages to students of non-linguistic specialties, which are especially relevant due to the growing role of foreign language communication in the professional activities of modern professionals. The need for the formation and development of communication skills that are important for effective professional activity of students is indicated. The goals and objectives of teaching a foreign language in a professional direction are defined, attention is paid to the importance of its integration with special disciplines, ways to solve the difficulties that arise in the selection and learning process with an emphasis on the content of the necessary materials. In addition, the article analyzes the main factors of effective teaching of a professionally-oriented foreign language and describes the role of educational materials as a means of forming and developing students’ motivation to learn a professional foreign language.
On the applicability of multi-surface, two-surface and non-linear kinematic hardening models in multiaxial fatigue
Authors: M.A Meggiolaro  , J.T.P. Castro  , H. Wu
Published: June 2021

In this work, a comparison between NLK and Mróz-Garud’s multi-surface formulations is presented. A unified common notation is introduced to describe the involved equations, showing that the Mróz-Garud model can be regarded as a particular case of the NLK formulation. It is also shown that the classic two-surface model, which is an unconventional simplified plasticity model based on the translation of only two surfaces, can also be represented using this formulation. Such common notation allows a direct quantitative comparison among multi-surface, two-surface, and NLK hardening models.
Understanding the edge crack phenomenon in ceramic laminates
Authors: O. Ševeek,  , M. Kotoul  , D. Leguillon  , E. Martin  , R. Bermejo
Published: June 2021

Layered ceramic materials (also referred to as “ceramic laminates”) are becoming one of the most promising areas of materials technology aiming to improve the brittle behavior of bulk ceramics. The utilization of tailored compressive residual stresses acting as physical barriers to crack propagation has already succeeded in many ceramic systems. Relatively thick compressive layers located below the surface have proven very effective to enhance the fracture resistance and provide a minimum strength for the material. However, internal compressive stresses result in out-of plane stresses at the free surfaces, what can cause cracking of the compressive layer, forming the so-called edge cracks. Experimental observations have shown that edge cracking may be associated with the magnitude of the compressive stresses and with the thickness of the compressive layer. However, an understanding of the parameters related to the onset and extension of such edge cracks in the compressive layers is still lacking. In this work, a 2D parametric finite element model has been developed to predict the onset and propagation of an edge crack in ceramic laminates using a coupled stress-energy criterion. This approach states that a crack is originated when both stress and energy criteria are fulfilled simultaneously. Several designs with different residual stresses and a given thickness in the compressive layers have been computed. The results predict the existence of a lower bound, below no edge crack will be observed, and an upper bound, beyond which the onset of an edge crack would lead to the complete fracture of the layer.
Modelling of ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) of welded joints and its effect on fatigue strength
Authors: K.L. Yuan  , Y. Sumi
Published: June 2021

Ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) is a remarkable post-weld technique applying mechanical impacts in combination with ultrasound into the welded joints. In the present work, a 3D simulation method including welding simulation, numerical modelling of UIT-process and an evaluation of fatigue crack growth has been developed. In the FE model, the actual treatment conditions and local mechanical characteristics due to acoustic softening are set as input parameters. The plastic deformation and compressive stress layer are found to be more pronounced when acoustic softening takes place. The predicted internal residual stress distributions of welded joint before and after UIT are compared with experimental results, showing a fairly good agreement with each other. Finally, simulated results of fatigue crack growth in various residual stress fields are well compared with test results, so that the proposed model may provide an effective tool to simulate UIT-process in engineering structures.
Paths of interactive cracks in creep conditions
Authors: K. Nowak
Published: June 2021

The paper contains plane strain analysis of uniformly stretched plate working in creep condition. The plate contains initial defects in forms of central and/or edge cracks working in mode I. These cracks are modelled by attributing critical value of damage parameter to preset points and therefore resulting in stresses set to zero (material does not support any loading). The Continuum Damage Mechanics constitutive equations are used to describe the creep crack growth problem and Finite Element Method Abaqus system is applied to solve corresponding boundary and initial value problem. Analysis of different initial cracks configuration has been performed. The crack path is defined by points in which damage parameter equals to critical one. Time to failure of the plate with single initial crack is achieved when the crack path spans its width. This time is calculated and compared to the time to failure of initially uncracked structure. For the plate with multiple cracks the paths starting from different cracks can develop independently until they merge and/or span the plate width. In each case the damage field is analysed and the direction of crack path development is determined. The analysis of crack propagation allows for determination of a distance between initial cracks for which the interaction between them is negligible. It is demonstrated that Continuum Damage Mechanics approach allows not only to model the development of initially existing cracks but also initiation of new, cross-spanning cracks and their kinking and branching.
DBEM crack propagation for nonlinear fracture problems
Authors: R. Citarella  , V. Giannella  , M. Lepore
Published: June 2021

A three-dimensional crack propagation simulation is performed by the Dual Boundary Element Method (DBEM). The Stress Intensity Factors (SIFs) along the front of a semi elliptical crack, initiated from the external surface of a hollow axle, are calculated for bending and press fit loading separately and for a combination of them. In correspondence of the latter loading condition, a crack propagation is also simulated, with the crack growth rates calculated using the NASGRO3 formula, calibrated for the material under analysis (steel ASTM A469). The J-integral and COD approaches are selected for SIFs calculation in DBEM environment, where the crack path is assessed by the minimum strain energy density criterion (MSED). In correspondence of the initial crack scenario, SIFs along the crack front are also calculated by the Finite Element (FE) code ZENCRACK, using COD, in order to provide, by a cross comparison with DBEM, an assessment on the level of accuracy obtained. Due to the symmetry of the bending problem a pure mode I crack propagation is realised with no kinking of the propagating crack whereas for press fit loading the crack propagation becomes mixed mode. The crack growth analysis is nonlinear because of normal gap elements used to model the press fit condition with added friction, and is developed in an iterative-incremental procedure. From the analysis of the SIFs results related to the initial cracked configuration, it is possible to assess the impact of the press fit condition when superimposed to the bending load case.
Modified fracture properties of cement composites with nano/micro carbonized bagasse fibers
Authors: Rao Arsalan Khushnood  , Sajjad Ahmad  , Giuseppe Andrea Ferro  , Luciana Restuccia  , Jean Marc Tulliani  , Pravin Jagdale
Published: June 2021

A novel cost-effective alternative in the form of nano/micro carbonized particles produced from waste bagasse fibers has been explored to modify the mechanical properties and fracture pattern of the resulting cementitious composites. Carbonized bagasse particles were produced at Politecnico di Torino and characterized by Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. When added with cement paste up to 1 wt% in six different proportions, the carbonized bagasse particles were found effective in significant enhancement of mechanical strength as well as fracture toughness. From micro-graphical observations it is evident that these heterogenic inclusions either block the propagation of micro cracks which has to deviate from its straight trajectory and has to follow the carbon nano/micro particles contour or distribute it into multiple finer cracks. Crack contouring along the carbonized particle, crack pinning, crack diversions and crack branching are the mechanisms which can explain the increase of toughness in the composite samples.
Robust design of a polygonal shaft-hub coupling
Authors: R. Citarella  , M. Perrella
Published: June 2021

In this work, the Taguchi method is applied for the optimal choice of design parameter values for a polygonal shaft-hub coupling. The objective is to maximize a performance function, minimizing, at the same time, its sensitivity to noises factors (robust design). The Design of Experiments (DoE) is adopted to set up a plan of numerical experiments, whose different configurations are simulated using the Boundary Element Method (BEM).
A comparative study on dynamic mechanical performance of concrete and rock
Authors: Xia Zhengbing  , Zhang Kefeng  , Deng Yanfeng  , Ge Fuwen
Published: June 2021

Recently, engineering blasting is widely applied in projects such as rock mineral mining, construction of underground cavities and field-leveling excavation. Dynamic mechanical performance of rocks has been gradually attached importance both in China and abroad. Concrete and rock are two kinds of the most frequently used engineering materials and also frequently used as experimental objects currently. To compare dynamic mechanical performance of these two materials, this study performed dynamic compression test with five different strain rates on concrete and rock using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) to obtain basic dynamic mechanical parameters of them and then summarized the relationship of dynamic compressive strength, peak strain and strain rate of two materials. Moreover, specific energy absorption is introduced to confirm dynamic damage mechanisms of concrete and rock materials. This work can not only help to improve working efficiency to the largest extent but also ensure the smooth development of engineering, providing rich theoretical guidance for development of related engineering in the future.
Influence of the stress gradient on the fatigue life calculation of a martensitic high strength steel
Authors: Igor Miloševi  , Gerhard Winter  , Florian Grün  , Martin Kober
Published: June 2021

Nowadays lifetime calculation in the high cycle fatigue region is commonly based on S/N curves which are modified by different influences to ensure accurate results. Especially the application of these models is important when small components with complex stress distributions are used. The influence of the stress distribution was considered by the stress gradient approach which is implemented in the lifetime tool FEMFAT. Specimens with diameters of D4mm and D7.5mm were used to examine the effect of the calculation modified by the stress gradient. On the one hand regarding different types of this approach it can be shown that the results fit very well compared to the testing results but on the other hand a big difference was observed when the gradient increases by smaller specimen sizes.
Developing Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on Simulation Model
Authors: Siahaan Arta Uly , Marennanta Winastra Andaga , Dzikri Afdhol , Neta Fandy
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to develop interactive multimedia namely Smile English that can be used as the media for learning reading especially for self-preparation on the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) material. This reading interactive media used a simulation model. This idea exploded after observing and collecting the data in the internal environment of Politeknik Negeri Batam Based on the placement test, it was found that about 540 (49,23%) of Polibatam students' test were categorized into the intermediate level and the rest were elementary and novice level. It means that the students need to improve their preparation before taking the test to an accomplished better score. Smile English was developed by using R and D research. In this case, the researcher followed the step of the Luther-Sutopo method which was started from concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. It was designed using Adobe Flash software which in this software combined text, sound, and animation. The research result showed that the implementation of Smile English was successful to help the students in preparing themselves for the TOEIC test. Therefore, 60 students from Politeknik Negeri Batam had a good result in joining the TOEIC test, especially for the reading section.
A Content Analysis of Cultural Representation in High School English Textbook in 2013 Education Curriculum
Authors: Astiandani Fitri Rahmawati , Purwati Oikurema
Published: June 2021

This study reports cultural content in the latest high school English textbook concerning the 2013 education curriculum. Besides, this paper also explores the intercultural communicative competence within the English textbooks. A qualitative research design is employed in this study. Moreover, the cultural contents and intercultural communicative competence were taken from the reading text on English textbooks for the last grade of senior high school entitled ‘Bahasa Inggris 2018 revised edition’. This study relied on the kind of cultural contents by Cortazzi & Jin (1999), types of cultural dimensions by Yuen (2011), and three levels of intercultural communicative competence by Byram (2002). It has been found that target culture with the cultural dimension of the product had a major proportion on the English textbook. Besides, the lowest level of intercultural communicative competence, namely basic cultural awareness was also discovered. In such a case, the complicity of intercultural values in the textbook should be given more attention so that students can easily grasp the values of various cultures. As a result, the aims of the 2013 education curriculum can be achieved well.
Plant height and resistance to lodging of pea varieties under the influence of chelated micronutrient fertilizers
Authors: Zhogaleva Ol'ga , Strel'cova Lyudmila
Published: June 2021

The use of chelated microfertilizers to increase the level of realization of the genetic potential of peas is promising both in breeding and seed practice, and in the production of marketable products. The purpose of the study was to evaluate leafletless pea varieties on plant height and resistance to lodging under the influence of organomineral fertilizer-stimulating compositions. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the influence of new chelated micronutrient fertilizers brands ORMISS on the characteristics of tendril (leafletless) pea varieties created in the Federal Rostov Scientific Research Agricultural Center, was studied. Methods. The researches were carried out in 2015–2017 in the Azov – Black Sea Engineering Institute of Don State Agrarian University in Zernograd. Three pea varieties of the leafless morphotype Aksausku usatyy 5, Al'yans and Ataman were the research material. The experiments and evaluations were carried out according to the method of field experience and the method of state variety testing of agricultural crops. The micronutrient fertilizers of ORMISS Cu–B and ORMISS Cu–Mo were used with the dosages 2 l/t and 2 l/ha for the treatment of seeds and plants. Results. The influence of organic fertilizer-stimulating compositions with copper, boron and molybdenum on the technological characteristics of pea varieties, such as the height of the lowest bean, the height of the plants, the stem height and the resistance to lodging, has been studied. It was founded that after these treatments, the indicators increased to different degrees, i.e. the height of the lowest bean varied from 51.2 to 66.1, the height of the plants – from 58.6 to 90.8 and the stem height – from 27.5 to 42.3 cm. The resistance to lodging at the same time was 0.4–0.6. In all variants of the experience the pea varieties were suitable for mechanical cultivation and harvesting.
Informe especial de estabilidad financiera: análisis de la cartera y del mercado inmobiliario en Colombia - Primer semestre de 2021
Authors: Cabrera-Rodríguez Wilmar Alexander , Meneses-González María Fernanda , Sánchez Camilo Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Este Informe Especial analiza el desempeño del mercado inmobiliario y del crédito de vivienda, e identifica fuentes potenciales de riesgo en el escenario de recuperación económica que se espera. Para ello estudia la dinámica de los indicadores de oferta, demanda y precios. Los resultados sugieren que la desaceleración de los precios todavía recoge una dinámica rezagada, pero a medida que continúe creciendo la demanda de vivienda y la oferta se mantenga estable, los precios en el agregado nacional podrían registrar una corrección al alza. Lo anterior ha estado acompañado por un incremento notable en los desembolsos de crédito de vivienda, pese a una reducción en la disposición de compra de los consumidores.
Informe especial de estabilidad financiera: riesgo de crédito - Primer semestre de 2021
Authors: Castañeda-Guzmán Julián
Published: June 2021

Monitorear el riesgo de crédito es fundamental para preservar la estabilidad del sistema financiero. Este informe presenta, para cada modalidad de cartera, un análisis de las condiciones de crédito y de los principales indicadores de riesgo.
Mapping of priority areas for forest restoration in the San Rafael Reserve for National Park, Paraguay
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. San Lorenzo, Paraguay., MIRANDA FABIANA CAROLINA , AMARILLA  RODRÍGUEZ STELLA MARY ,   Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. San Lorenzo, Paraguay., VILLALBA MARÍN LUCIA JANET ,   Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. San Lorenzo, Paraguay., GON ZÁLE Z SORIA LOURDES ,   Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Asunción. San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
Published: June 2021

Debido a la necesidad de estudios referidos al tema de la degradación de ecosistemas a nivel país, y las opciones para la restauración; se ha considerado importante evaluar áreas prioritarias para la restauración forestal en la Reserva para Parque Nacional San Rafael, reconocida tanto por su importancia para la conservación, como por sus procesos de degradación históricos, siendo éste el objetivo general de la investigación. La Reserva ubicada entre los departamentos de Itapúa y Caazapá es considerada un remanente boscoso representativo de la ecorregión Bosque Atlántico del Alto Paraná. La metodología se basó en la priorización espacial de criterios relacionados a la restauración de bosques a través de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, utilizando imágenes satelitales, cartografías temáticas y herramientas ArcGis 10.3 y QGIS 2.18. Se aplicó una evaluación multicriterio, donde se combinaron 14 capas de información para obtener las áreas prioritarias para acciones de restauración forestal. Los resultados indican que la categoría de máxima prioridad de restauración representa el 7,03% y la categoría alta prioridad el 17,86%, ambas ubicadas en la zona Oeste. Esta investigación buscó facilitar información para futuros proyectos de restauración forestal y otras acciones de manejo y conservación, oportunamente enmarcados en la declaración de la Década de las Naciones Unidas para la restauración de los ecosistemas (2021-2030).
A Bundeswehr humán stratégiája 2016 után
Authors: Speck Gyula
Published: June 2021

A Bundeswehr 2010-esévek elején megkezdett reformjának következtében személyi állománya drasztikusan lecsökkent. A 2014–2016 folyamán kialakított új kül- és  biztonságpolitikai álláspont, a „müncheni konszenzus”  értelmében Németország azonban erőteljesebb  nemzetközi, egyben katonai szerepvállalás mellett tett hitet,  amelyhez szükséges a haderő fejlesztése, így a  személyzeti reform is. Az évek óta tartó  alulfinanszírozottság, a bürokratikus akadályok és  sorozatos botrányok ellenére a Bundeswehrnek 2016-tól sikerült növelnie létszámát, egyúttal számos kezdeményezést indított útjára annak érdekében, hogy vonzóbb munkaadóvá váljon. Kérdés, hogy mindez ennyire  lesz elég az új német stratégiai ambíciók megvalósításához.
Törökország és iraki Kurdisztán kapcsolatának átalakulásai (2014–2017)
Authors: Dudlák Tamás
Published: June 2021

Jelen elemzés Törökország (Ankara) és a Kurdisztáni Autonóm Régió (Erbíl) közti politikai és gazdasági  együttműködéseket, érdekazonosságokat és  érdekellentéteket tárja fel a 2014 és 2017 közötti időszakból. Ezt az időbeli keretet két, regionális kihatással rendelkező  esemény jelöli ki. A kezdőpontot az „Iszlám Állam” 2014-re tehető felemelkedése jelenti, zárásként pedig a 2017-es iraki  kurd függetlenségi népszavazás hatásait vizsgálom. A  kettő közti időszakban tanúi lehettünk az Ankara és Erbíl  közti kapcsolatok valaha tapasztalt legintenzívebb  periódusának. A tanulmányban az Ankara és Erbíl közötti  bilaterális viszonyt az iraki kormány (Bagdad)  Törökországgal, illetve iraki kurdokkal kapcsolatos  politikájával összefüggésben értelmezem. Összességében  megállapítható, hogy a regionális felfordulás közepette a  török–iraki kurd kapcsolatoknak sikerült a korábban  kialakított alapvető jegyeit megőrizni, sőt az „Iszlám Állam”  közös kihívása miatt a két fél közti kapcsolat katonai  együttműködéssel is bővült. Bár a 2017-es függetlenségi  népszavazás feszültségekkel terhelte Ankara és Erbíl  kapcsolatát, a felek közti érdekegyezések továbbra is  erősebbnek mutatkoznak az esetleges szakításhoz vezető  széttartó erőknél.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Üniversite Yaşam Kalitesi ve Mesleki Kaygılarının Çeşitli Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: YILDIZ Emre , ASLAN Burak
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada fen bilgisi, beden eğitimi ve spor, sosyal bilgiler ve müzik öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşam kalitesi ve mesleki kaygı düzeylerinin bölüm, sınıf, akademik başarı, cinsiyet, yaş ve ekonomik gelir değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada kesitsel tarama modeli benimsenmiştir. Araştırma 2019-2020 akademik yılında Atatürk Üniversitesi Kazım Karabekir Eğitim Fakültesi fen bilgisi eğitimi, beden eğitimi ve spor, sosyal bilgiler eğitimi ve müzik eğitimi anabilim dallarında öğrenim gören 400 öğretmen adayı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak Eriş ve Anıl (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Üniversite Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği ve Cabi ve Yalçınalp (2013) tarafından geliştirilen Mesleki Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşam kalitelerinde öğrenim görülen bölüme, sınıf düzeyine, cinsiyete, gelir durumuna göre anlamlı farklılaşmalar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının mesleki kaygı düzeylerinde öğrenim görülen bölüme, cinsiyete, gelir durumuna göre farklılaşma olmadığı ve sınıf düzeyine göre anlamlı farklılaşma olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının üniversite yaşam kalitesi memnuniyetleri ile mesleki kaygıları arasında düşük düzeyde negatif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Öğretmen Liderliği Ölçeğinin Türkçe Uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: AKYÜREK Muhammet İbrahim , ÖZDEMİR Murat
Published: June 2021

Bu araştırmada orijinali Wang ve Xia (2020) tarafından geliştirilen Öğretmen Liderliği Ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlaması yapılmıştır. Bu kapsamda veriler Ankara ilindeki 337 okul öncesi öğretmeninden toplanmıştır. Bu araştırmada verilerin elde edilmesinde araç olarak Öğretmen Liderliği Ölçeği (ÖLÖ) kullanılmıştır. ÖLÖ dört boyuttan oluşmakta ve 19 madde içermektedir. ÖLÖ’nün Türkçe uyarlaması doğrultusunda ilk önce ölçek kullanım izni edinilmiştir. Daha sonra ÖLÖ’nün Türkçe dil eş-değerliği çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu süreçlerin ardından araştırma verileri toplanarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz kapsamında ÖLÖ’nün geçerlik ve güvenirliğine bakılmıştır. ÖLÖ’nün güvenirliği Cronbach alfa katsayısıyla ve ÖLÖ’nün dört boyuttan oluşan yapısının geçerliği doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde ÖLÖ’nün Türk kültüründe kullanılmasının uygun, geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca ÖLÖ Türkçe formunun daha geniş örneklemlerlede geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sınanması alanyazına katkı sağlayabilir. Bu araştırmanın verileri, okul öncesi öğretmenleri örnekleminden toplanmıştır. Bu bağlamda farklı örneklem ya da örgütlerden veri toplayarak ÖLÖ’nün geçerlik ve güvenirliği sınanabilir.
3862, 3863, 3865 ve 3866 Numaralı Masraf Defterleri Işığında Şah Sultan’ın Yapmış Olduğu Harcamaların Sosyo-İktisadî Açıdan Analizi
Authors: IŞIKTAŞ Erkan
Published: June 2021

Osmanlı padişahlarının hanım sultanları, ikbâlleri veya kızlarına tahsis ettikleri meblağlar ve buna binaen onların yaptıkları harcamalar her devirde dikkat çekici olmuştur. İktisadî bağlamda kayda değer miktarlara ulaşan harcamaların içeriğini -ekseriyetle- yiyecek ve ısınma gibi muhtelif saray masrafları, sarayda görev yapan kişilere ödenen meblağlar, dokuma ürünleri, takı eşyaları, önemli kişilere sunulan ikramlar ve hediyelerle dini gün ve aylarda yapılan ihsanlar oluşturmaktadır. Osmanlı saray kadınlarının bu harcamalarını güç, gösteriş ve faziletin temsili olarak da değerlendirmek mümkündür. Ayrıca harcamaların yoğunlaştığı kalemler üzerinden saray kadınlarının yaşam tarzı, tüketim modelleri ve gündelik hayatlarına ilişkin birtakım çıkarımlara da ulaşmak söz konusu olabilmektedir. Bu itibarladır ki saray mensuplarının harcamalarını ihtiva eden tarihi arşiv dokümanlarının son derece önem arz ettiğini ifade etmek gerekir. Bu düşünceden hareketle ilgili çalışmada; hicri 1213-1217 (1798-1803) yılları arasını ihtiva eden masraf defterleri doğrultusunda Sultan III. Mustafa’nın kızı Şah Sultan’ın yapmış olduğu harcamaların sosyo-iktisadi bağlamda tarihsel bir analizi üzerine odaklanılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan tarihsel doküman analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu bağlamda Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü Osmanlı arşivlerinde yapılan incelemelerde Şah Sultan'ın giderlerini içeren toplam elli dört defter kaydına ulaşılmıştır. İncelenen defterler ışığında harcamaların cinsi, masraf bilançosunun yıllar bazındaki dağılımı ve emtia-fiyat ilişkisi irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca hanedan üyelerine ait hususi masraf defterlerinin önemine dikkat çekilmeye çalışılmıştır.
UNUSUAL TYPES OF LAYERED ORGANIC CRYSTAL HYDRATES
Authors:   Moscow State University, Chemistry Faculty, Banaru A.M. , Mammadov E.S. ,   Baku Branch of Moscow State University, Chemistry Faculty
Published: June 2021

In molecular crystalline hydrates with a high content of crystallization water infinite H2O...OH2 nets or finite fragments of such nets are formed. As a rule, these nets contain 5- and 6-membered cycles (H2O)n. Brand new topological types of layered organic crystal hydrates among the structures included in the Cambridge Structural Database in 2009–2019 were found and investigated. The discovered nets were deposited to the Topological Types Database. Topological characteristics of new nets are described, in particular, the maximum possible symmetry, information indices, vertex, edge and face transitivity of the nets
STUDY OF THE MUTUAL EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS AND CLAY MINERALS OF ALUMINOSILICATE TYPE ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF BROWN-BROWN SOILS
Authors:   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Agayeva Z.R. , Mammadova B.G. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Naseri Sh.A. ,   Iran, Anzali, Guilan, Technical University, Jabbarov E.E. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, of NAS of Azerbaijan, Mammadova S.G. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Shabanova Ch.M. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan, Rafiyeva Kh.L. ,   Baku State University, Aliyev E.M. ,   M.Nagiyev Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, NAS of Azerbaijan
Published: June 2021

The input of phosphorus-containing type clay minerals into the fertile soil, on the background of mineral fertilizers of the aluminum-silicate type, significantly improves the water-physical and agrochemical characteristics of the soil and improves its ecological condition. The both presence of clay minerals and mineral fertilizers in the soil creates the prerequisites for improving soil fertility due to the effect on mobile phosphorus