bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
[18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography characteristics of primary mediastinal germ cell tumors
Authors: Lee Koeun , Kim Yong-il , Oh Jungsu S. , Seo Seung Yeon , Yun Jae Kwang , Lee Geun Dong , Choi Sehoon , Kim Hyeong Ryul , Kim Yong-Hee , Kim Dong Kwan , Park Seung-Il , Ryu Jin-Sook
Published: October 2023

Primary mediastinal germ cell tumor (MGCT) is an uncommon tumor. Although it has histology similar to that of gonadal germ cell tumor (GCT), the prognosis for MGCT is generally worse than that for gonadal GCT. We performed visual assessment and quantitative analysis of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) for MGCTs. A total of 35 MGCT patients (age = 33.1 ± 16.8 years, F:M = 16:19) who underwent preoperative PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed. The pathologic diagnosis of MGCTs identified 24 mature teratomas, 4 seminomas, 5 yolk sac tumors, and 2 mixed germ cell tumors. Visual assessment was performed by categorizing the uptake intensity, distribution, and contour of primary MGCTs. Quantitative parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and maximum diameter were compared between benign and malignant MGCTs. On visual assessment, the uptake intensity was the only significant parameter for differentiating between benign and malignant MGCTs (p = 0.040). In quantitative analysis, the SUVmax (p < 0.001), TBR (p < 0.001), MTV (p = 0.033), and TLG (p < 0.001) showed significantly higher values for malignant MGCTs compared with benign MGCTs. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of these quantitative parameters, the SUVmax had the highest area under the curve (AUC) (AUC = 0.947, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the SUVmax could differentiate between seminomas and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (p = 0.042) and reflect serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels (p = 0.012). The visual uptake intensity and SUVmax on [18F]FDG PET/CT showed discriminative ability for benign and malignant MGCTs. Moreover, the SUVmax may associate with AFP levels.
Largely deformable torsional soft morphing actuator created by twisted shape memory alloy wire and its application to a soft morphing wing
Authors: Lee Su-Yeon , Lee Gil-Yong
Published: October 2023

We present a new type of torsional soft morphing actuator designed and fabricated by twisted shape memory alloy (SMA) wires embedded in polydimethylsiloxane matrix. The design and fabrication process of the proposed soft morphing actuator are presented with investigations of its working mechanism. Actuation performance was evaluated with respect to the temporal response, the maximum torsional deformation under an applied electric current, and various design parameters including the twist direction, wire diameter, helical pitch of the SMA wire, and the actuator’s thickness and length. We demonstrate potential applications of the proposed soft morphing actuator as a soft morphing wing and airfoil. The proposed actuator will aid in the development of soft actuators, soft robotics, and other relevant scientific and engineering applications.
Unlocking potential inhibitors for Bruton's tyrosine kinase through in-silico drug repurposing strategies
Authors: Alrouji Mohammed , Benjamin Lizy Sonia , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Al Abdulmonem Waleed , Baeesa Saleh Salem , Rehan Mohd , Shahwan Moyad , Shamsi Anas , Akhtar Atiya
Published: October 2023

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a non-receptor protein kinase that plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including immune system function and cancer development. Therefore, inhibition of BTK has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for various complex diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify potential inhibitors of BTK by using a drug repurposing approach. To identify potential inhibitors, we performed a molecular docking-based virtual screening using a library of repurposed drugs from DrugBank. We then used various filtrations followed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, principal component analysis (PCA), and Molecular Mechanics Poisson Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) analysis to further evaluate the binding interactions and stability of the top-ranking compounds. Molecular docking-based virtual screening approach identified several repurposed drugs as potential BTK inhibitors, including Eltrombopag and Alectinib, which have already been approved for human use. All-atom MD simulations provided insights into the binding interactions and stability of the identified compounds, which will be helpful for further experimental validation and optimization. Overall, our study demonstrates that drug repurposing is a promising approach to identify potential inhibitors of BTK and highlights the importance of computational methods in drug discovery.
A risk of serious anaphylatic reactions to asthma biologics: a pharmacovigilance study based on a global real-world database
Authors: Park Sunny , Kim Yeju , Lee Geon Ho , Choi Soo An
Published: October 2023

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the lung airways. Chronic use of oral glucocorticoids in patients with severe asthma is associated with several adverse events (AEs). Biologics (omalizumab, benralizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, and dupilumab) have been developed as alternative therapies for the treatment of asthma. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of anaphylactic reactions associated with these five biologics based on a large global database. We utilized individual case reports from the Uppsala Monitoring Center from January 1968 to December 29, 2019. A disproportionality analysis was performed over all drugs and monoclonal antibodies. Anaphylactic reactions were defined according to the "anaphylactic reaction” of the standardized MedDRA queries. Contrary to dupilumab, omalizumab, benralizumab, and mepolizumab demonstrated positive signals related to anaphylactic reactions over all drugs and monoclonal antibodies. Reslizumab, which represented only 315 cases of all AEs, requires more reports to determine its association with anaphylactic reactions. More anaphylactic reactions have been identified than are known, and most cases (96.2%) are reported to be serious. Our findings indicate that omalizumab, benralizumab, and mepolizumab for asthma treatment are associated with a high risk of anaphylactic reactions; thus, more careful monitoring in the post-administration period is recommended.
Genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Yadava Yashwant K. , Chaudhary Pooja , Yadav Sheel , Rizvi Aqeel Hasan , Kumar Tapan , Srivastava Rachna , Soren K. R. , Bharadwaj C. , Srinivasan R. , Singh N. K. , Jain P. K.
Published: October 2023

Elucidation of the genetic basis of drought tolerance is vital for genomics-assisted breeding of drought tolerant crop varieties. Here, we used genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a drought tolerant chickpea variety, Pusa 362 and a drought sensitive variety, SBD 377. The GBS identified a total of 35,502 SNPs and subsequent filtering of these resulted in 3237 high-quality SNPs included in the eight linkage groups. Fifty-one percent of these SNPs were located in the genic regions distributed throughout the genome. The high density linkage map has total map length of 1069 cm with an average marker interval of 0.33 cm. The linkage map was used to identify 9 robust and consistent QTLs for four drought related traits viz. membrane stability index, relative water content, seed weight and yield under drought, with percent variance explained within the range of 6.29%–90.68% and LOD scores of 2.64 to 6.38, which were located on five of the eight linkage groups. A genomic region on LG 7 harbors quantitative trait loci (QTLs) explaining > 90% phenotypic variance for membrane stability index, and > 10% PVE for yield. This study also provides the first report of major QTLs for physiological traits such as membrane stability index and relative water content for drought stress in chickpea. A total of 369 putative candidate genes were identified in the 6.6 Mb genomic region spanning these QTLs. In-silico expression profiling based on the available transcriptome data revealed that 326 of these genes were differentially expressed under drought stress. KEGG analysis resulted in reduction of candidate genes from 369 to 99, revealing enrichment in various signaling pathways. Haplotype analysis confirmed 5 QTLs among the initially identified 9 QTLs. Two QTLs, qRWC1.1 and qYLD7.1, were chosen based on high SNP density. Candidate gene-based analysis revealed distinct haplotypes in qYLD7.1 associated with significant phenotypic differences, potentially linked to pathways for secondary metabolite biosynthesis. These identified candidate genes bolster defenses through flavonoids and phenylalanine-derived compounds, aiding UV protection, pathogen resistance, and plant structure.The study provides novel genomic regions and candidate genes which can be utilized in genomics-assisted breeding of superior drought tolerant chickpea cultivars.
Incidence of rhabdomyolysis occurrence in psychoactive substances intoxication: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Amanollahi Alireza , Babeveynezhad Tannaz , Sedighi Mohsen , Shadnia Shahin , Akbari Sadaf , Taheri Mahbobeh , Besharatpour Mahboobeh , Jorjani Goljamal , Salehian Elham , Etemad Koorosh , Mehrabi Yadollah
Published: October 2023

Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening condition induced by diverse mechanisms including drugs and toxins. We aimed to investigate the incidence of rhabdomyolysis occurrence in intoxicated patients with psychoactive substances. In this review, three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) and search engine (Google Scholar) were searched by various keywords. After the screening of retrieved documents, related data of included studies were extracted and analyzed with weighted mean difference (WMD) in random effect model. The highest incidence of rhabdomyolysis was observed in intoxication with heroin (57.2 [95% CI 22.6–91.8]), amphetamines (30.5 [95% CI 22.6–38.5]), and cocaine (26.6 [95% CI 11.1–42.1]). The pooled effect size for blood urea nitrogen (WMD = 8.78, p = 0.002), creatinine (WMD = 0.44, p < 0.001), and creatinine phosphokinase (WMD = 2590.9, p < 0.001) was high in patients with rhabdomyolysis compared to patients without rhabdomyolysis. Our results showed a high incidence of rhabdomyolysis induced by psychoactive substance intoxication in ICU patients when compared to total wards. Also, the incidence of rhabdomyolysis occurrence was high in ICU patients with heroin and amphetamine intoxication. Therefore, clinicians should anticipate this complication, monitor for rhabdomyolysis, and institute appropriate treatment protocols early in the patient’s clinical course.
Effects of alcohol consumption on driving performance in the presence of interocular differences simulated by filters
Authors: Martino Francesco , Castro-Torres José J. , Casares-López Miriam , Ortiz-Peregrina Sonia , Granados-Delgado Pilar , Anera Rosario G.
Published: October 2023

The role of interocular differences simulated by filters (fog filter and Bangerter foil) on visual and driving performance in alcohol users was assessed. We found that the binocular visual function deteriorates significantly in terms of contrast sensitivity (from 6 to 18 cpd). Additionally, driving performance is significantly impaired under these conditions as evidenced by increased mean speed, standard deviation of the lateral position, distance traveled outside the lane, reaction time and number of collisions. Furthermore, we found that interocular differences due to intraocular scattering and straylight are directly related to an overall reduction in visual and driving performance. This provided a comprehensive perspective from which to understand the relationship between binocular visual function, interocular differences, and driving performance. In practice, our findings contribute to the understanding of the importance of limiting interocular differences, which can be common among presbyopes corrected using the monovision technique, as well as in cases of cataract or other ocular pathology affecting only one eye, or even in cases of cataract surgery of the first eye. These interocular differences can have an adverse impact on road safety, especially when combined with moderate alcohol consumption.
On-site measurement and environmental impact of vibration caused by construction of double-shield TBM tunnel in urban subway
Authors: Wang Zhenyong , Jiang Yusheng , Shao Xiaokang , Liu Chenglong
Published: October 2023

The vibration generated during the construction of subway tunnels with double-shield tunnel boring machine (TBM) has a significant impact on the environment, which has caused multiple complaints from residents. Taking a double-shield TBM tunnel project as the background, vibration measurements were conducted by installing vibration sensors on-site. By combining theoretical methods—such as normalization, polynomial fitting prediction, and gray correlation analysis—the vibration characteristics, impact range on the environment, and factors affecting the vibration of TBM construction were studied. The key research results included: (1) The amplified zone of X and Y vibration acceleration occurred on the left-hand side of the tunnel from 3.15 to 13.85 m, but rapidly decayed away from the amplification zone. (2) The impact range of TBM vibrations on residential areas at night and during the day was studied according to the official “Urban Regional Environmental Vibration Standard” and it was found to be larger at night than during the day. (3)The main factors affecting the TBM vibration level was studied—including the cutter-head torque, TBM thrust, cutter-head speed, penetration, field penetration index (FPI) and so on. In summary, when the double-shield TBM construction tunnel is adjacent to residential areas, the vibration generated exceeds the national standard limit. In order to reduce the impact of TBM vibration on residential areas, excavation parameters such as cutter head torque, TBM thrust, cutter head speed, and penetration should be appropriately reduced.
CXCL5 and CXCL14, but not CXCL16 as potential biomarkers of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zajkowska Monika , Dulewicz Maciej , Kulczyńska-Przybik Agnieszka , Safiejko Kamil , Juchimiuk Marcin , Konopko Marzena , Kozłowski Leszek , Mroczko Barbara
Published: October 2023

Experts emphasize that colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality are increasing. That is why its early detection is of the utmost importance. Patients with cancer diagnosed in earlier stages have a better prognosis and a chance for faster implementation of treatment. Consequently, it is vital to search for new parameters that could be useful in its diagnosis. Therefore, we evaluated the usefulness of CXCL5, CXCL14 and CXCL16 in serum of 115 participants (75 CRC patients and 40 healthy volunteers). Concentrations of all parameters were measured using Luminex. CRP (C-reactive protein) levels were determined by immunoturbidimetry, while levels of classical tumor markers were measured using CMIA (Chemiluminescence Microparticle Immunoassay). Concentrations of CXCL5 were statistically higher in the CRC group when compared to healthy controls. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of CXCL5 and CXCL14 were higher than those of CA 19–9. Obtained results suggest the usefulness of CXCL5 and CXCL16 in the determination of distant metastases and differentiation between TNM (Tumor-Node-Metastasis) stages, as well as the usefulness of CXCL14 and CRP combination in CRC detection (primary or recurrence). However, further studies concerning their role in CRC progression are crucial to confirm and explain their diagnostic utility and clinical application as biomarkers.
Quantitative [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET biomarkers for the analysis of lesion-level progression in biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: a multicentre study
Authors: Kendrick Jake , Francis Roslyn J. , Hassan Ghulam Mubashar , Rowshanfarzad Pejman , Ong Jeremy S. L. , Barry Nathaniel , Rusanov Branimir , Ebert Martin A.
Published: October 2023

[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET has become the standard imaging modality for biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer (PCa). However, its prognostic value in assessing response at this stage remains uncertain. The study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of radiographic patient-level patterns of progression derived from lesion-level biomarker quantitation in metastatic disease sites. A total of 138 BCR PCa patients with both baseline and follow-up [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET scans were included in this analysis. Tumour response was quantified at the lesion level using commonly used quantitative parameters (SUVmean, SUVmax, SUVpeak, volume), and patients were classified as systemic, mixed, or no-progression based on these response classifications. A total of 328 matched lesions between baseline and follow-up scans were analysed. The results showed that systemic progressors had a significantly higher risk of death than patients with no progression with SUVmean demonstrating the highest prognostic value (HR = 5.70, 95% CI = 2.63–12.37, p < 0.001, C-Index = 0.69). Moreover, progressive disease as measured by SUVmean using the radiographic PSMA PET Progression Criteria (rPPP) was found to be significantly prognostic for patient overall survival (HR = 3.67, 95% CI = 1.82–7.39, p < 0.001, C-Index = 0.65). This work provides important evidence supporting the prognostic utility of PSMA response quantitation in the BCR setting.
Selective conversion of methane to ethane and hydrogen over In/molecular-sieve-3A catalyst
Authors: Nakaya Ayumi , Suzuki Ayako , Iguchi Shoji , Yamanaka Ichiro
Published: October 2023

The molecular-sieve-3A material functioned as a good support for the indium liquid metal catalyst for the dehydrogenative conversion of methane (DCM) to ethane, ethylene, and H2 with 100% selectivity at 873 K.
An effective approach for the preparation of epoxy vitrimers by in situ formation of dynamic and permanent linkages in a one-pot curing reaction
Authors: Hung Du-Yuan , Lee Jia-Jun , Liu Ying-Ling
Published: October 2023

A multifunctional curing agent for epoxies in situ forms dynamic and permanent covalent bonds in a one-pot reaction for the preparation of epoxy vitrimers.
Enhanced detection of low concentration volatile organic compounds using advanced doped zinc oxide sensors
Authors: Benamara Majdi , Ly Ahmadou , Soltani Sonia , Essid Manel , Dahman Hassen , Dhahri Ramzi , El Mir Lassaad , Debliquy Marc , Lahem Driss
Published: October 2023

Pure zinc oxide nanoparticles, as well as those doped with 3% calcium, aluminum, and gallium, were synthesized using a sol–gel method and then deposited onto an alumina substrate for sensing tests.
Suppressing catalyst poisoning in the carbodiimide-fueled reaction cycle
Authors: Chen Xiaoyao , Soria-Carrera Héctor , Zozulia Oleksii , Boekhoven Job
Published: October 2023

N-Acylurea, a notorious side product, poisons catalysts in the carbodiimide-fueled reaction cycles. This work tested how to suppress catalyst poisoning, providing guidelines for regulating molecular function and choosing an optimal condition.
Characterising the mechanical properties of soft solids through acoustics and rheology, exemplified by anhydrous milk fat
Authors: Povey Megan J. , Hefft Daniel Ingo
Published: October 2023

Changing rheological (G′, G′′, longitudinal viscosity) and acoustic (Sound velocity) properties of anhydrous milk fat as it cools from the melt to a soft solid.
Assembly of three oxadiazole isomers toward versatile energetics
Authors: Sun Qi , Jiang Zhiyi , Ding Ning , Zhao Chaofeng , Tian Baojing , Li Shenghua , Pang Siping
Published: October 2023

Three different oxadiazole isomers were combined to obtain a new tricyclic skeleton, which was then controllably functionalized to generate versatile energetic materials.
On the validity of rapid optical sensing of dioxygen by means of sensitivity, stability, and reversibility for archetype MOFs post-synthetically modified with Eu3+
Authors: Kasper Thomas , Pavan Matilde , Müller-Buschbaum Klaus
Published: October 2023

Comparison of seven archetype MOFs post-synthetically modified with and possessing Eu3+ as connectivity centers illuminates pros and cons of reversible, optical sensing of O2 based on photoluminescence emission quenching.
Efficient and durable vanadium flow batteries enabled by high-performance fluorinated poly(aryl piperidinium) membranes
Authors: Ban Tao , Guo Maolian , Wang Yajie , Ma Jiawang , Wang Xinxin , Wang Zihui , Zhu Xiuling
Published: October 2023

Fluorinated poly(aryl piperidinium) (PFDP) AEMs exhibit low area resistance, excellent vanadium resistance, and outstanding mechanical and chemical stability. The VFB assembled with PFDP-90 has high efficiency and shows stable cycling over 1000 cycles.
A novel MWCNT-encapsulated (2-aminoethyl)piperazine-decorated zinc(ii) phthalocyanine composite: development of an electrochemical sensor for detecting the antipsychotic drug promazine in environmental samples
Authors: Mounesh  , Yatish K. V. , Pandith Anup , Eldesoky Gaber E. , Nagaraja Bhari Mallanna
Published: October 2023

A (2-aminoethyl)piperazine ligand substituted with zinc(ii) tetra carboxylic acid phthalocyanine and MWCNT nanocomposite is constructed and employed to develop electrochemical sensors with outstanding sensitivity and a low detection limit.
Villous trophoblast growth in pregnancy at high altitude
Authors: Mayhew T. M. , Bowles C. , Yücel F.
Published: October 2023

The trophoblastic epithelium of placental villi exhibits continuous turnover. Phases of proliferation, recruitment, maturation, terminal differentiation (apoptosis) and extrusion exist in steady state and occur in distinctive spatial compartments, viz. cytotrophoblast cells (CT), syncytiotrophoblast (ST), syncytial knots (SK), denudation sites (DEN) and syncytial fragments. Hypoxia in vitro stimulates CT proliferation but inhibits recruitment into ST. Pregnancy at high altitude (HA) is associated with reduced birthweight and provides a convenient model of preplacental (hypobaric) hypoxia. HA placentas show impoverished villous growth and changes in the incidences of CT cells and SK regions. Here we examine placentas from Amerindian and nonindigenous women who completed full‐term pregnancies at low altitude (LA; 400 m; n = 25) and high altitude (HA; 3600 m; n = 45) in Bolivia. We test the hypothesis that HA pregnancy disturbs the epithelial steady state as reflected in the relative volumes and surfaces of trophoblast compartments. Masson trichrome stained tissue sections and microscopical fields were generated by uniform random sampling. Point and intersection counts were used to estimate the volumes and surface areas of nonsyncytial knots (nonSK), SK regions, syncytial bridges (SB) and denudation sites (DEN). Absolute values were compared by 2‐way analyses of variance to resolve altitudinal from ethnic effects. At LA, trophoblast comprised about 85% nonSK, 8% SK, 5% SB and 3% CT by volume. Its maternal surface area comprised about 91% nonSK, 5% SK, 2% SB, and 3% DEN. Apart from CT (the fractional volume of which increased to 4%, P < 0.05), relative volumes of trophoblast compartments did not alter significantly at HA. However, there was a roughly 30% reduction in absolute volume of trophoblast at HA (P < 0.001) which could be explained mainly by a decrease in volume of nonSK regions (P < 0.001). The volume of CT was unaltered. Absolute surface areas of villi also declined at HA (by 20%, P < 0.01) and, again, this was attributed mainly to nonSK. The findings confirm that poor villous growth is partly due to failure of trophoblast to attain the growth seen at LA. The reduced trophoblastic growth occurs despite an increase in relative volume of CT cells (consistent with previously reported increases in proliferative activity) and, probably, by a combination of compromised syncytial fusion and continuing extrusion of syncytial fragments.
Planetary system architectures with low-mass inner planets
Authors: Desgrange C. , Milli J. , Chauvin G. , Henning Th. , Luashvili A. , Read M. , Wyatt M. , Kennedy G. , Burn R. , Schlecker M. , Kiefer F. , D’Orazi V. , Messina S. , Rubini P. , Lagrange A.-M. , Babusiaux C. , Matrà L. , Bitsch B. , Bonavita M. , Delorme P. , Matthews E. , Palma-Bifani P. , Vigan A.
Published: October 2023

Context.The discovery of planets orbiting at less than 1 au from their host star and less massive than Saturn in various exoplanetary systems revolutionized our theories of planetary formation. The fundamental question is whether these close-in low-mass planets could have formed in the inner disk interior to 1 au, or whether they formed further out in the planet-forming disk and migrated inward. Exploring the role of additional giant planet(s) in these systems may help us to pinpoint their global formation and evolution.

Aims.We searched for additional substellar companions by using direct imaging in systems known to host close-in small planets. The use of direct imaging complemented by radial velocity and astrometric detection limits enabled us to explore the giant planet and brown dwarf demographics around these hosts to investigate the potential connection between both populations.

Methods.We carried out a direct imaging survey with SPHERE at VLT to look for outer giant planets and brown dwarf companions in 27 systems hosting close-in low-mass planets discovered by radial velocity. Our sample is composed of very nearby (<20 pc) planetary systems, orbiting G-, K-, and M-type mature (0.5–10 Gyr) stellar hosts. We performed homogeneous direct imaging data reduction and analysis to search for and characterize point sources, and derived robust statistical detection limits. The final direct imaging detection performances were globally considered together with radial velocity and astrometric sensitivity.

Results.Of 337 point-source detections, we do not find any new bound companions. We recovered the emblematic very cool T-type brown dwarf GJ 229 B. Our typical sensitivities in direct imaging range from 5 to 30MJupbeyond 2 au. The non-detection of massive companions is consistent with predictions based on models of planet formation by core accretion. Our pilot study opens the way to a multi-technique approach for the exploration of very nearby exoplanetary systems with future ground-based and space observatories.
Herkunft und Verfügbarkeit pflanzlicher Rohstoffe für
die Herstellung pharmazeutischer Produkte*
Authors: Lorenz Matthias
Published: October 2023

An Arznei- und Aromapflanzen (MAPs) und deren Gewinnung werden höchste
Anforderungen gestellt, sowohl hinsichtlich ihrer Qualität, Sicherheit
und Wirksamkeit für den Verbraucher als auch der Nachhaltigkeit in den
Gebieten der Wildsammlung oder des Feldanbaus. Um eine gleichbleibende
Qualität der Rohware für die Herstellung von Arzneimitteln
entsprechend den Anforderungen der Arzneibücher zu
gewährleisten, müssen zahlreiche Faktoren berücksichtigt
werden.
Antientzündliche Ernährung und Lebensmittel für das Immunsystem
Authors: Blumenschein Birgit
Published: October 2023

Menschen, die einen Diabetes mellitus entwickelt haben, scheinen häufiger auch von rheumatischen Erkrankungen betroffen 1. Diskutiert wird dabei u. a., ob Betroffene mit beispielsweise Rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) über eine hohe Steroid- bzw. Biologika-Gabe einen Diabetes entwickeln, oder auch die systemische Inflammation (als Basis beider Erkrankungen) pathologische Synergien ergeben.
Das schmerzende Gelenk in der Notfallambulanz
Authors: Grabe Fabian
Published: October 2023

Die Vorstellung von Kindern aufgrund von unklaren Gelenkschmerzen und/oder Gelenkschwellungen ist häufig und die Unsicherheit im Umgang aufgrund der Diversität der Differenzialdiagnosen oft hoch. Die initial wegweisenden diagnostischen Maßnahmen, Differenzialdiagnosen und ersten Therapieoptionen sollten von den Erstversorgenden in der Kindernotaufnahme ausreichend sicher beherrscht und daher im Rahmen dieses Artikels erarbeitet werden.
Bildgebung bei der juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis (JIA) – was, wann und warum?
Authors: Windschall Daniel
Published: October 2023

Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick zum aktuellen Stand der Bildgebung in der Kinderrheumatologie und geht insbesondere auf den praktischen Einsatz und die technischen Aspekte der Gelenksonografie, der Magnetresonanztomografie und Röntgenbildgebung ein. Dabei werden auch die wissenschaftlichen Entwicklungen der letzten Jahre zusammengefasst und berücksichtigt. Im Treat-to-target-Konzept der Behandlung einer juvenilen idiopathischen Arthritis entwickelt sich die Bildgebung zu einem entscheidenden Aktivitätsparameter. Die Bedeutung als Remissionskriterium wird momentan in Studien untersucht.
Schienen in der Rheumatologie
Authors: Jourdan Joanna
Published: October 2023

Schienen spielen eine bedeutende Rolle bei der konservativen und postoperativen
Behandlung von rheumatischen Erkrankungen. Sie sind wichtig, um
Patient*innen zu helfen, ihre Hand funktional einsetzen zu
können. Dabei handelt es sich keineswegs um passive Hilfsmittel, sie
dienen vielmehr aktiv zur Unterstützung der Handfunktion.
Woran denken bei Gelenkschmerzen?
Authors: Haas Johannes-Peter
Published: October 2023

Gelenksbeschwerden und Schmerzen im Bereich des muskulo-skelettalen Systems gehören zu den häufigsten Symptomen in kinder- und jugendmedizinischen Praxen und Ambulanzen. Meistens handelt es sich um temporäre durch Bagatelltraumen und/oder Überlastung verursachte Beschwerden oder eine Begleitreaktion z. B. im Rahmen von Infektionserkrankungen. Wiederholte und/oder länger anhaltende Beschwerden insbesondere in gleicher Lokalisation bedürfen jedoch einer eingehenden Abklärung. Differenzialdiagnostisch ist bei unklaren Gelenksbeschwerden eine Vielzahl von Erkrankungen möglich, die zum Teil sehr selten auftreten. Dies erschwert die zielorientierte Abklärung für den Praktiker. Eine rechtzeitige Diagnostik kann einerseits das Auftreten bleibender Schäden und andererseits bedrohliche Verkäufe, die bei einigen Erkrankungen die das muskulo-skelettale System betreffen möglich sind, vermeiden helfen. Die folgende Zusammenstellung soll hier einen praxisorientierten Leitfaden bieten.
Physikalische Therapie bei juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis (JIA)
Authors: Rieblinger Manuel , Schwarz Simone , Georgi Mathias
Published: October 2023

Wird die Diagnose Juvenile idiopathische Arthritis gestellt, sollte dies mit einer Verordnung für Physikalische Therapie einhergehen. Dabei wird häufig die Frage gestellt:

Was sind die Ziele der physikalischen Therapie und welche Maßnahmen/Therapieformen finden statt?

Die Physiotherapie und die Ergotherapie sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil einer erfolgreichen interdisziplinären Behandlung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit JIA.

Das Ziel einer jeden Behandlung ist, die Gelenkbeweglichkeit zu verbessern, zu erhalten bzw. vollständig wiederherzustellen. Die Auswahl der Maßnahmen ist dabei abhängig vom Entzündungsstadium, dem betroffenen Gelenk und vom Alter des Kindes. Die jungen Patienten möchten beispielsweise wieder schmerzfrei gehen oder greifen können, den Alltag in Kita, Schule oder in der Freizeit wieder mit Freunden oder Geschwistern meistern können. Wichtig ist auch, das Kind im späteren Verlauf an sportliche Aktivitäten heranzuführen, es für geeignete Sportarten zu begeistern.
Klinisches Bild der Lyme-Arthritis bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Dressler Frank
Published: October 2023

Die klinischen Manifestationen, Diagnose, Therapie und Prognose der Lyme-Arthritis bei Kindern und Jugendlichen werden in dieser Arbeit dargestellt.
Update zu AID-Systemen
Authors: Thomas Andreas
Published: October 2023

AID-Systeme sind dabei, zum Standard der Therapie des Typ-1-Diabetes zu werden. Die klinischen Ergebnisse sind für die gesamte Patientenpopulation besser als mit jeder anderen therapeutischen Option. Zunehmend verringert sich dabei gleichzeitig das notwendige Therapiemanagement für die Patienten. Der im Vergleich zu jeder anderen Form der Insulintherapie höhere Preis wird deutlich kompensiert, weil zukünftig sowohl kostentreibende akute Komplikationen, als auch diabetische Folgeerkrankungen kaum noch auftreten werden. Vor allem aber ist auch die Verringerung der diabetesbedingten Belastungen, die Verbesserung der Therapiezufriedenheit und der Lebensqualität für die Patienten entscheidend.
Yoga bei Rückenschmerzen: Stand der Forschung
Authors: Cramer Holger , Richter Malte , Anheyer Dennis
Published: October 2023

Yoga erfreut sich rund um den Globus wachsender Beliebtheit. Viele Menschen praktizieren Yoga, um Rücken- oder Nackenschmerzen zu verringern. Studien bestätigen diese positive Wirkung von Yoga. Welche Yogastile besonders zur Schmerzreduktion geeignet sind, wurde bisher nicht erforscht. Bisher gilt der Rat, Yoga grundsätzlich in den Alltag zu integrieren und nach initialer Supervision als selbstständige Praxis weiterzuführen.
Experience with the Ankura Thoracic Stent Graft and In-situ Fenestration for the Left Subclavian Artery with the Fu-Through Needle - a Technical Overview and Comparison to
Similar Endovascular Techniques
Authors: Usai Marco Virgilio , Austermann Martin
Published: October 2023

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is a widespread minimally invasive procedure prevalently used to treat thoracic aortic pathologies. However, when the left subclavian artery
(LSA) is involved in the pathology, a more complex surgical approach is required to guarantee the perfusion of the vertebral and brachial arteries. In fact, coverage of the LSA has been
proven to be associated with a higher risk of stroke, spinal cord ischemia, and arm ischemia.

Historically, carotid-subclavian bypass or subclavian transposition has been the only treatment options to restore the perfusion of the LSA. For the past 10 years, different endovascular
techniques have been implemented in the endovascular armamentarium to reduce the risk of complications related to surgical treatment such as infection, bleeding, and chylothorax.

Currently, physician-modified grafts, in situ fenestration, chimneys, and branched or fenestrated devices are available. The aim of this overview is to describe the technique with
the Ankura thoracic stent graft and in situ fenestration with the Futhrough needle and thus to shed light on the different approaches by comparing their pros and cons.
Hypophosphatasie im Kindesalter
Authors: Hofmann Christine , Benoit Clemens , Girschick Hermann
Published: October 2023

Die Hypophosphatasie (HPP) ist eine seltene genetische Erkrankung, welche infolge einer verminderten Alkalischen Phosphatase-Aktivität zu Problemen an Knochen, Muskeln, Zähnen, aber auch zahlreichen weiteren Organsystemen führen kann. Letztlich handelt es sich um eine metabolische Multisystemerkrankung mit sehr variablem klinischem Phänotyp bzw. Schweregrad, die alle Altersgruppen betreffen kann und zu einer signifikanten Mortalität und Morbidität bei den betroffenen Familien führt. Die klinische Verdachtsdiagnose kann durch laborchemische Untersuchungen (insbesondere die Bestimmung der AP-Aktivität), bildgebende Maßnahmen und eine humangenetische Testung erhärtet werden. Eine Anbindung betroffener Familien an ein erfahrenes Zentrum mit multidisziplinärer Betreuung erscheint sinnvoll. Die Enzymersatztherapie mit Asfotase alfa stellt eine zugelassene effektive und gut verträgliche Therapie zur Behandlung des „Knochenphänotyps“ dar. Langzeitdaten zu Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit sollen im Rahmen eines internationalen Registers erfasst werden.
Micro-Hardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Composite Resin: Effect of Surface Sealant Application and Two Bleaching Regimens
Authors: Attia Reham Mohamad , Sobhy Eman Mohamed , Essa Mona El Said Abd El Hameed
Published: October 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the impact of applying a surface sealant and two bleaching regimens, on the micro-hardness, and surface roughness of bulk-fill composite resin

Materials and Methods One-hundred twenty specimens were prepared with a diameter of 5 mm and thickness of 4 mm using bulk-fill composite. Specimens were subdivided into group 1: (n= 60), in which Fortify surface sealant was used, and group 2 (control): (n= 60), in which specimens were only finished and polished. After applying in-office and at-home bleaching, micro-hardness and surface roughness were measured before and after bleaching. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and paired test.

Results Hardness values of group 1 were lower than values of group 2 before and after bleaching, with different bleaching procedures. Applying surface sealant and different bleaching regimens led to a significant difference of surface roughness (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Applying surface sealant decreases both micro-hardness and surface roughness. The bleaching procedures significantly affect the surface roughness, but not the micro-hardness.

Clinical Significance Surface sealant can enhance the surface roughness of bulk-fill composite in nonstress bearing area as it reduces the surface micro-hardness.
Femoral Fixation Strength as a Function of Bone Plug Length in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Utilizing Interference Screws
Authors: Light Jonathan J. , Firoved Amanda B. , Rocchi Vanna J. , Wellman Laurie L. , Bonner Kevin F.
Published: October 2023

Purpose To determine femoral construct fixation strength as bone plug length decreases in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods Sixty fresh-frozen bone–patellar tendon–bone allografts were utilized and divided into 20-, 15-, and 10-mm length bone plug groups, subdivided further so that half utilized the patella side (P) for testing and half used the tibial side (T). Ten mm diameter recipient tunnels were created within the anatomic anterior cruciate ligament footprint of 60 cadaveric femurs. All bone plugs were 10 mm in diameter; grafts were fixed using a 7 × 23 mm metal interference screw. An Instron was used to determine the load to failure of each group. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to test the hypothesis that there would be one or more mean differences in fixation stability between 20- or 15-mm plug lengths (P or T) versus 10 mm T plug lengths when cross-compared, with no association between other P or T subgroups.

Results The mean load to failure of the 20 mm plugs (20 P + T) was 457 ± 66N, 15 mm plugs (15 P + T) was 437 ± 74N, and 10 mm plugs (10 P + T) was 407 ± 107N. There was no significant difference between P + T groups: 20-versus 15-mm (p = 1.000), 15-versus 10-mm (p = 0.798), and 20-versus 10-mm (p = 0.200); P + T MANOVA (p = 0.291). Within groups, there was no significant difference between patella and tibial bone plug subgroups with a pullout force range between 469 ± 56N and 374 ± 116N and p-value ranging from p = 1.000 for longer bone plugs to p = 0.194 for shorter bone plugs; P versus T MANOVA (p = 0.113).

Conclusion In this human time zero cadaver model, there was no significant difference in construct failure between 20-,15-, and 10-mm bone plugs when fixed with an interference screw within the femoral tunnel, although fixation strength did trend down when from 20- to 15- to 10-mm bone plugs.

Clinical Relevance There is a balance between optimal bone plug length on the femoral side for achieving adequate fixation as well as minimizing donor site morbidity and facilitating graft passage in ACLR. This study reveals utilizing shorter plugs with interference screw fixation is potentially acceptable on the femoral side if shorter plugs are harvested.
Remote Site Hemorrhage following Evacuation of Left Fronto-Temporo-Parietal Subdural Hematoma: A Rare Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Hazra Darpanarayan , Chandy Gina Maryann , Ghosh Amit
Published: October 2023

This report presents a compelling case of remote site hemorrhage (RSH), a rare but severe complication associated with neurosurgery. RSH involves cerebral bleeding away from the surgical site and was first documented in 1937 by Van Gehuchten. Despite its rarity, RSH remains challenging, affecting less than 1% of cases, with an unclear cause. The case involves a 67-year-old male who developed severe symptoms within 24 hours post-surgery. The initial computed tomography scan showed an acute subdural hematoma. Surgical evacuation was followed by rapid deterioration, leading to multiple RSH and brain stem infarctions. Unfortunately, the patient did not survive. RSH poses significant morbidity and mortality risks. Potential factors include volume loss, dural opening, and blood pressure fluctuations. Management ranges from conservative approaches to surgery, with poor prognosis post-RSH intervention. This case highlights the need for thorough preoperative assessment and careful intraoperative management. It emphasizes the complexities of neurosurgery and underscores the importance of ongoing research for managing rare complications like RSH, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Erratum: Zahlen, Daten, Fakten – Ergotherapie in Zahlen
Authors: Mischner Julia Marlene , Nutz Melanie
Published: October 2023

Wie viele Ergotherapeut*innen gibt es eigentlich in Deutschland oder in Europa? Wie viele haben kürzlich die Ausbildung begonnen, wie groß ist die Anzahl der Absolvent*innen? Alles Informationen, die die Ergotherapie beschreiben. ergopraxis hat die prägnantesten Daten zusammengetragen.
Influence of tetragonal/cubic phase composition on the total ionic conductivity of Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3
Authors: Wu Qi Yun , Zheng De Yi , Mao Run Yu , Liu Chang , Wang Xu , Han Wen Bi
Published: October 2023

Lithium lanthanum titanate (Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3, abbreviated as LLTO, where x = 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, 0.16, and 0.167) is prepared using a conventional solid-phase method, and its crystal structure, phase composition, microstructure, and electrical properties are investigated. Experimental results indicate that when the Li content is low (x = 0.8), there exist tetragonal, cubic, and orthogonal phases in LLTO. As the Li content increases (x ≥ 0.1), the orthogonal phase disappears, and there are changes in the phase composition of tetragonal and cubic phases. When the occupancy rates of Li and La are low, the number of A-site vacancies increases, as does the electrical conductivity of LLTO. At room temperature, the ionic conductivity of LLTO increases and then decreases. The Li0.30La0.56TiO3 ceramic electrolyte exhibits the highest total ionic conductivity of 7.22 × 10−5 S/cm, a minimum activation energy of 0.31 eV, and an electrical conductivity of 6.26 × 10−11 S/cm. This paper provides a theoretical basis for subsequent research on solid Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3 electrolytes.
Modulating intrinsic anomalous Hall effect in Fe3GeTe2 monolayer via strain engineering
Authors: Guo Min , Zhou Ju , Lu Hai-Shuang , Ju Sheng , Cai Tian-Yi
Published: October 2023

The Fe3GeTe2 monolayer, a ferromagnetic topological candidate with a high Curie temperature of 130 K, has recently garnered considerable interest. We investigated the impact of strain on the electronic, magnetic, and topological properties of the Fe3GeTe2 monolayer using density functional theory calculations. Our results showed that the Fe3GeTe2 monolayer was an itinerant ferromagnet with a high spin polarization of 69.93% and out-of-plane easy magnetization. Tensile strain had no profound impact on the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC). However, when applying a compressive biaxial strain of −3%, the AHC at the Fermi level was dramatically enhanced to 1.62 e2/h, which is much larger than that of the bulk (0.7 e2/h) and bilayer (1.5 e2/h) material. The large AHC nearly coincided with the singularity of the energy bands near the M point. Our results highlight the potential of using strain engineering to control and optimize the properties of two-dimensional topological materials.
Oestradiol implants for gender-affirming hormone therapy: an observational study of serum oestradiol levels and consumer survey
Authors: Mesure Joanna , Afrin Sarjana , Fitzgerald Sandra , Luu Judy , Gibberd Alison , Leigh Lucy , Wynne Katie
Published: October 2023

Background Custom-compounded subcutaneous implants are being used widely in Australia for gender-affirming hormone therapy. However, there is no published literature regarding their use for this purpose. Methods Electronic medical records were audited for consecutive clients who received oestradiol implants April 2019–November 2022 in gender clinics held within Hunter New England Health District in New South Wales, Australia. Serum oestradiol levels were analysed for implant doses 50–200 mg, and predicted oestradiol level was modelled following 100 mg implant insertion. An electronic consumer survey was sent to a convenience sample of implant recipients. Results A total of 38 clients received 88 implants, with 100 mg oestradiol implants being the most frequently used (68%). The median interval between insertion procedures was 270 (IQR 186–399) days. The median serum oestradiol levels following implant insertion, for all implants combined, were within the target range of 250–600 pmol/L at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month time points. Following insertion of a 100 mg implant, the estimated time to reach a predicted serum oestradiol of ≤250 pmol/L was 4 months after an initial implant, and 13 months after subsequent implants. Seventeen consumer surveys were received from 28 invitations. All respondents had previous experience of oral and/or transdermal oestradiol use. Oestradiol implants were preferred due to ease of use, perceived effectiveness, and the belief that other methods were less safe or associated with intolerance and side effects. Conclusions Oestradiol implants are effective in achieving target serum oestradiol levels over a sustained period. Further research with larger cohorts could identify the optimal dosage regimen.
Modeling naturalistic face processing in humans with deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Jiahui Guo , Feilong Ma , Visconti di Oleggio Castello Matteo , Nastase Samuel A. , Haxby James V. , Gobbini M. Ida
Published: October 2023

Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) trained for face identification can rival and even exceed human-level performance. The ways in which the internal face representations in DCNNs relate to human cognitive representations and brain activity are not well understood. Nearly all previous studies focused on static face image processing with rapid display times and ignored the processing of naturalistic, dynamic information. To address this gap, we developed the largest naturalistic dynamic face stimulus set in human neuroimaging research (700+ naturalistic video clips of unfamiliar faces). We used this naturalistic dataset to compare representational geometries estimated from DCNNs, behavioral responses, and brain responses. We found that DCNN representational geometries were consistent across architectures, cognitive representational geometries were consistent across raters in a behavioral arrangement task, and neural representational geometries in face areas were consistent across brains. Representational geometries in late, fully connected DCNN layers, which are optimized for individuation, were much more weakly correlated with cognitive and neural geometries than were geometries in late-intermediate layers. The late-intermediate face-DCNN layers successfully matched cognitive representational geometries, as measured with a behavioral arrangement task that primarily reflected categorical attributes, and correlated with neural representational geometries in known face-selective topographies. Our study suggests that current DCNNs successfully capture neural cognitive processes for categorical attributes of faces but less accurately capture individuation and dynamic features.