bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Study of Job Burnout, Psychological Attachment, and the Career Calling of Chinese Doctors
Authors: Zhang Shu'e , Wang Jinghui , Xie Fengzhe , Yin Dong , Shi Yu , Zhang Min , Yin Hongyan , Li Fujun , Yang Libin , Cao Depin , Sun Tao
Published: February 2020

Background: The main objectives of this study were as follows: (1) evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among doctors, (2) establish associations with demographic factors in China, and (3) examine the mediating role of psychological attachment in the relationship between job burnout and career calling. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted by administering an online questionnaire in May 2016. The survey was performed across Thirty provinces. In total,A total of 3,016 Chinese doctors were selected as participants, of which 2,617 completed valid questionnaires (effective response rate: 86.77%). Results : The overall prevalence of burnout symptoms among Chinese doctors was 85.79%. Little variance was reported for burnout symptoms according to age ( Wald c 2 = 6.843, P < 0.05, OR <1 ), professional title ( Wald c 2 = 13.110, P < 0.05, OR > 1), and daily working hours ( Wald c 2 = 7.226, P < 0.05, OR > 1). However, the burnout of Chinese doctors was found to be associated with psychological attachment ( B = -0.6433, P < 0.0001) and career calling ( B = 0.3653, P < 0.0001); furthermore, psychological attachment ( B = 0.2350, P < 0.001) mediated the relationship between job burnout and career calling. Conclusion : Burnout symptoms among Chinese doctors were prevalent and associated with age, professional title, and long working hours. Chinese doctors aged 20-30 experienced a much higher level of burnout symptoms. The longer hours doctors worked, the more likely they were at risk of burnout symptoms, especially among attending physicians. Doctors who endured high-level burnout tended to exhibit decreasing psychological attachment, which threatened their sense of career calling. Finally, this paper proposed related explanations for the function mechanisms based on both theoretical and practical perspectives.
Nursing staff’s evaluation of facilitators and barriers during implementation of wireless nurse call systems in residential care facilities. A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Dugstad Janne , Sundling Vibeke , Nilsen Etty R. , Eide Hilde
Published: February 2020

Background: Traditional nurse call systems used in residential care facilities rely on patients to summon assistance for routine or emergency needs. Wireless nurse call systems (WNCS) offer new affordances for persons unable to actively or consciously engage with the system, allowing detection of hazardous situations, prevention and timely treatment, as well as enhanced nurse workflows. This study aimed to explore facilitators and barriers of implementation of WNCSs in residential care facilities. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional descriptive design. We collected data from care providers (n=98) based on the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovation (MIDI) framework in five Norwegian residential care facilities during the first year of WNCS implementation. The self-reporting MIDI questionnaire was adapted to the contexts. Descriptive statistics were used to explore participant characteristics and MIDI item and determinant scores. MIDI items to which ≥20% of participants disagreed/totally disagreed were regarded as barriers and items to which ≥80% of participants agreed/totally agreed were regarded as facilitators for implementation. Results: More facilitators (n=22) than barriers (n=6) were identified. The greatest facilitators, reported by 98% of the care providers, were the expected outcomes: the importance and probability of achieving prompt call responses and increased safety, and the normative belief of unit managers. During the implementation process, 87% became familiar with the systems, and 86% and 90%, respectively regarded themselves and their colleagues as competent users of the WNCS. The most salient barriers, reported by 37%, were their lack of prior knowledge and that they found the WNCS difficult to learn. No features of the technology were identified as barriers. Conclusions: Overall, the care providers gave a positive evaluation of the WNCS implementation. The barriers to implementation were addressed by training and practicing technological skills, facilitated by the influence and support by the manager and the colleagues within the residential care unit. WNCSs offer a range of advanced applications and services, and further research is needed as more WNCS functionalities are implemented into residential care services.
(Dis)concordance of comorbidity data and cancer status across administrative datasets, medical charts, and self-reports
Authors: Sheriffdeen Abdullah , Millar Jeremy , Martin Catherine , Evans Melanie , Tikellis Gabriella , Evans Susan
Published: February 2020

Background Benchmarking outcomes across settings commonly requires risk-adjustment for co-morbidities that must be derived from extant sources that were designed for other purposes. A question arises as to the extent to which differing available sources for health data will be concordant when inferring the type and severity of co-morbidities, how close these are to the “truth”. We studied the level of concordance for same-patient comorbidity data extracted from administrative data (coded from International Classification of Diseases, Australian modification,10 th edition [ICD-10AM]), from the medical chart audit, and data self-reported by men with prostate cancer who had undergone a radical prostatectomy. Methods We included six hospitals (5 public and 1 private) contributing to the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry-Victoria (PCOR-Vic) in the study. We listed eligible patients from the PCOR-Vic who underwent a radical prostatectomy between January 2017 and April 2018 for the Health Information Manager in each hospital, who provided each patient’s associated ICD-10AM comorbidity codes. Medical charts were reviewed to extract comorbidities used to generate the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The self-reported comorbidity questionnaire (SCQ) was distributed through PCOR-Vic to eligible men. Results The percentage agreement between the administrative data, medical charts and self-reports ranged from 92% to 99% in the 122 patients (from 217 eligible participants, 56%), who responded to the questionnaire. The presence of comorbidities showed a poor level of agreement between data sources. Due to a variety of factors, certain conditions were recorded more than others. Conclusion Relying on a single data source to generate comorbidity indices for risk-modelling purposes may fail to capture the reality of a patient’s disease profile. There does not appear to be a ‘gold-standard’ data source for the collection of data on comorbidities.
Knowledge and practices regarding tuberculosis infection control among nurses in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Akande Patrick Aboh
Published: February 2020

Background: Nurses are particularly vulnerable to nosocomial tuberculosis (TB) infection because, being in the frontline of healthcare provision, they are frequently exposed to patients with infectious TB disease. Although cost-effective measures are available for TB infection control (TBIC), they are often poorly implemented. Knowledge of TBIC is known to positively influence the practice of the measures. There is, however, paucity of data on the knowledge and practices regarding TBIC among nurses in Nigeria. This study was aimed at determining the levels of TBIC-related knowledge and practices of nurses in Ibadan, and their associated socio-demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 200 nurses in two secondary health facilities, in May 2014. The mean knowledge and practice scores of the nurses were determined and logistic regression was utilized to explore the association between the scores and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: The respondents had mean knowledge and practice scores of 68.2% and 79.9% respectively. Using cut-off points of 80% and 100% for good knowledge and practice scores respectively, small proportions of the nurses had good scores – knowledge (10.5%) and practice (6%). Knowledge was not significantly associated with the socio-demographic characteristics of the nurses. Work experience was the only factor that was significantly associated with practices, with the more experienced nurses (>18 years of work experience) having lower odds of obtaining good practice scores (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.06-0.94). There was also no significant association between knowledge and practice scores (the nurses were yet to be trained on the newly-introduced TBIC package at the time of the study). Conclusions: The study revealed that small proportions of the nurses had good knowledge and practice scores. Its findings will be useful for the designing of interventions to improve TBIC among nurses and other healthcare workers, and to benchmark evaluation of the interventions. It is recommended that nurses should be trained on TBIC to equip them with necessary knowledge and skills. This, together with appropriate policy directives, and adequate monitoring and supervision will contribute to optimal implementation of TB preventive measures.
MicroRNA-200b reduced ZEB1 to inhibit cell proliferation and migration in human gastric cancer
Authors: Chen He , Liu Pengcheng , Wang Lei , Yu Yanxia , Zhao Yan , Cai Yihong , Wang Zhongxin , Zhang Min
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND : Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant cancers, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The present study was to explore whether miR-200b is a tumor suppressor in GC and to unveil the potential mechanisms.
METHODS: Levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 expression were detected respectively by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. BrdU proliferation assay, Cell cycle analysis, Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to study the role of miR-200b with inhibitor, mimics or ZEB1-RNAi in TGF-β1-treated SGC-7901/DDP cells.
RESULTS : Compared with the paracancerous tissues, miR-200b was decreased in GC patients and SGC-7901/DDP cells. Lower level of miR-200b induced by its inhibitor promoted TGF-β1-treated SGC-7901/DDP cells proliferation and migration, and increased the levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3, MMP-9, β-catenin and APC. Interestingly, miR-200b mimics and ZEB1-RNAi were able to reduce the proliferation and migration of TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells as well as their levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3 MMP-9, β-catenin and APC. In addition, ZEB1 was indeed the potential target of miR-200b identified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.
CONCLUSION : Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-200b be likely to play an important role in activating TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells and perform as a tumor suppressor by targeting ZEB1 in GC. What’s more, miR-200b may modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells.
Aberrant expression of PD-1 on B cells and its association with the clinical parameters of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhu Qingqing , Li Yun , Wang Qiyi , Jiang Chao , Li Zhijun , Wang Hongtao , Wang Yan , Zhang Wei , Wang Yuanyuan , Xie Changhao
Published: February 2020

Background: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is an immunoregulatory receptor that inhibits T cell activation and proliferation upon binding to its cognate ligand (PD-L1). However, the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in B cell function, especially in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, is less clear. The aim of this study was to analyze the PD-1 expression patterns on multiple B cell subpopulations isolated from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and determine their clinical relevance. Results: The frequency of B cells increased significantly in patients with active SLE compared with healthy controls and patients with inactive SLE. In particular, the frequencies of the IgD CD27 and IgD CD27high (plasmablast cells) subpopulations were significantly higher in the patients compared to healthy individuals. Interestingly, the patients with active SLE harbored an increased proportion of the PD-1+ B cells, which correlated significantly with the disease severity (SLEDAI scores), incidence of lupus nephritis, and the circulating levels of autoantibodies and complement factors. Furthermore, the primary PD-1+ B cells isolated from the peripheral blood of SLE patients proliferated faster and secreted more anti-dsDNA antibodies and immunoglobulins in vitro compared to the PD-1+/- B cells from healthy controls. Conclusions: PD-1 is overexpressed on all B cell subpopulations of SLE patients and associated with disease progression.
Genome wide association analysis on semen volume and milk yield using different strategies of imputation to whole genome sequence in French dairy goats
Authors: Talouarn Estelle , Bardou Philippe , Palhière Isabelle , Oget Claire , Clément Virginie , Tosser-Klopp Gwenola , Rupp Rachel , Robert-Granié Christèle
Published: February 2020

Background
Goats were domesticated 10,500 years ago to supply humans with useful resources. Since then, specialized breeds that are adapted to their local environment have been developed and display specific genetic profiles. The VarGoats project is a 1,000 genomes resequencing program designed to cover the genetic diversity of the Capra genus. In this study, our main objective was to assess the use of sequence data to detect genomic regions associated with traits of interest in French Alpine and Saanen breeds.
Results
Direct imputation from the GoatSNP50 BeadChip genotypes to sequence level was investigated in these breeds using FImpute and different reference panels: within-breed, all Capra hircus sequenced individuals, European goats and French mainland goats. The best results were obtained with the French goat panel with allele and genotype concordance rates reaching 0.86 and 0.75 in the Alpine and 0.86 and 0.73 in the Saanen breed respectively. Mean correlations tended to be low in both breeds due to the high proportion of variants with low frequencies.
For association analysis, imputation was performed using FImpute for 1,129 French Alpine and Saanen males using within-breed and French panels on 23,338,436 filtered variants. The association results of both imputation scenarios were then compared. In Saanen goats, a large region on chromosome 19 was significantly linked to semen volume and milk yield in both scenarios. Significant variants for milk yield were annotated for 91 genes on chromosome 19 in Saanen goats. For semen volume, the annotated genes include YBOX2 which is related to azoospermia or oligospermia in other species. New signals for milk yield were detected on chromosome 2 in Alpine goats and on chromosome 5 in Saanen goats when using a multi-breed panel.
Conclusion
Even with very small reference populations, an acceptable imputation quality can be achieved in French dairy goats. GWAS on imputed sequences confirmed the existence of QTLs and identified new regions of interest in dairy goats. Adding identified candidates to a genotyping array and sequencing more individuals might corroborate the involvement of identified regions while removing potential imputation errors.
Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation using Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software in corneal scarring
Authors: nabil karim Mahmoud
Published: February 2020

Background: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens power (IOL) calculation using Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software in corneal scarring.
Methods: This study was conducted on 40 consecutive eyes, 20 cases with corneal scarring and coexisting cataract, and 20 controls with clear cornea, which underwent uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation following Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software and third generation IOL power calculation formulas for IOL power calculation. Accuracy of IOL power calculation was evaluated by subtracting expected and achieved spherical refraction 3 months postoperatively and was recorded as mean absolute error (MAE). Distance uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) for each eye was measured using Snellen chart preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively; visual acuity was scored and converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMar).Values were recorded as mean ±SD (standard deviation). Student t-test (t) and Mann Whitney test (U) were used for parametric comparison of the means. Intra class Correlation (ICC) coefficient and Pearson correlation Coefficient (r) were used to assess agreement. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In cases of corneal scarring, 20 eyes (100 %) yielded a postoperative spherical refraction which differed less than 1 diopter (D) from predicted, in 16 eyes (80 %) the postoperative spherical refraction was within 0.50 D from expected. The MAE was 0.2 D in cases, which did not differ significantly compared to controls (MAE 0.1 D). In corneal scarring cases, distance UCVA showed significant improvement from 1.3 Log Mar (Snellen equivalent 20/400) preoperatively to 0.5 Log Mar (Snellen equivalent 20/60) 3 months postoperatively.
Conclusion: Scheimpflug tomography combined with OKULIX ray tracing software for calculation of IOL power provides accurate results in cases of corneal scarring.
The Application and Accuracy of Feature Matching on Automated Cephalometric Superimposition
Authors: Jiang Yiran , Song Guangying , Yu Xiaonan , Dou Yuanbo , Li Qingfeng , Liu Siqi , Han Bing , Xu Tianmin
Published: February 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to establish a computer-aided automated method for cephalometric superimposition and to evaluate the accuracy of this method based on free-hand tracing.
Methods: Twenty-eight pairs of pre-treatment (T 1 ) and post-treatment (T 2 ) cephalograms were selected. Structural superimpositions of the cranial base, maxilla and mandible were independently completed by three operators performing traditional hand tracing methods and by computerized automation using the feature matching algorithm. To quantitatively evaluate the differences between the two methods, the hand superimposed patterns were digitized. After automated and hand superimposition of T 2 cephalograms to T 1 cephalometric templates, landmark distances between paired automated and hand T 2 cephalometric landmarks were measured. Differences in hand superimposition among the operators were also calculated.
Results: The T 2 landmark differences in hand tracing between the operators ranged from 0.61 mm to 1.65 mm for the three types of superimposition. There were no significant differences in accuracy between hand and automated superimposition (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Computer-aided cephalometric superimposition provides comparably accurate results to those of traditional hand tracing and will provide a powerful tool for academic research.
Trial registration: The clinical trial was registered on April 1 st 2016. The registration number is ChiCTR1800017694, and URL is: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=29144

Keywords: Digital imaging/radiology, Orthodontic(s), Cephalometric superimposition, Feature Matching, Accuracy
Association and Linkage Mapping to Unravel Genetic Architecture of Phenological Traits and Lateral Bearing in Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: Bernard Anthony , Marrano Annarita , Donkpegan Armel , Brown Patrick J. , Leslie Charles A. , Neale David B. , Lheureux Fabrice , Dirlewanger Elisabeth
Published: February 2020

Background: Unravelling the genetic architecture of agronomic traits in walnut such as budbreak date and bearing habit, is crucial for climate change adaptation and yield improvement. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) using multi-locus models was conducted in a panel of 170 walnut accessions genotyped using the Axiom™ J. regia 700K SNP array, with phenological data from 2018, 2019 and legacy data. These accessions come from the INRAE walnut germplasm collection which is the result of important prospecting work performed in many countries around the world. In parallel, an F 1 progeny of 78 individuals segregating for phenology-related traits, was genotyped with the same array and phenotyped for the same traits, to construct linkage maps and perform Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) detection. Results: Using GWAS, we found strong associations of SNPs located at the beginning of chromosome 1 with both budbreak and female flowering dates. These findings were supported by QTLs detected in the same genomic region. Highly significant associated SNPs were also detected using GWAS for heterodichogamy and lateral bearing habit, both on chromosome 11. We developed a Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) marker for budbreak date in walnut, and validated it using plant material from the Walnut Improvement Program of the University of California, Davis, demonstrating its effectiveness for marker-assisted selection in Persian walnut. We found several candidate genes involved in flowering events in walnut, including a gene related to heterodichogamy encoding a sugar catabolism enzyme and a cell division related gene linked to female flowering date. Conclusions: This study enhances knowledge of the genetic architecture of important agronomic traits related to male and female flowering processes and lateral bearing in walnut. The new marker available for budbreak date, one of the most important traits for good fruiting, will facilitate the selection and development of new walnut cultivars suitable for specific climates.
Playing sport injured is associated with osteoarthritis, joint pain and worse health related quality of life: A cross sectional study
Authors: Bullock Garrett Scott , Collins Gary S , Peirce Nick , Arden Nigel K , Filbay Stephanie R
Published: February 2020

Background: Sports participants are faced with the decision to continue or cease play when injured. The implications of playing sport while injured on joint health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between having played sport while injured and HRQoL, osteoarthritis, and persistent joint pain; and compare findings in elite and recreational cricketers.

Methods: The Cricket Health and Wellbeing Study cohort was used for this study. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥18 years, played ≥1 cricket season. Questionnaire data collected included a history of playing sport injured, SF-8 (physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component scores), physician-diagnosed osteoarthritis, and persistent joint pain (most days of the last month). Multivariable linear regressions and logistic regressions were performed. Continuous covariates were handled using fractional polynomials. Models were adjusted for age, sex, cricket-seasons played, playing status, joint injury, and orthopaedic surgery. All participants (n=2,233) were included in HRQoL analyses, only participants aged ≥30 years (n=2,071) were included in osteoarthritis/pain analyses.

Results: Of the 2,233 current and former cricketers (mean age: 51.7 SD 14.7, played 30 IQR 24 cricket seasons, 60% were current cricketers, 62% played recreationally; median PCS: 51.4 IQR 9.0; MCS: 54.3 IQR 8.6) 1719 (77%) had played sport while injured. People who had played sport injured reported worse adjusted PCS (Effect(95% CI): -1.78(-2.62, -0.93) and MCS (-1.40(-2.25, -0.54), had greater odds of osteoarthritis (adjusted OR(95% CI): 1.86(1.39, 2.51) and persistent joint pain (2.34(1.85, 2.96)), compared to people who had not played sport injured. Similar relationships were observed regarding PCS, osteoarthritis and pain in elite and recreational subgroups. Playing injured was only related to worse MCS scores for elite cricketers (-2.07(-3.52, -0.63)); no relationship was observed in recreational cricketers (-0.70(-1.79, 0.39)).

Conclusion: Cricketers that had played sport injured had impaired HRQoL, increased odds of osteoarthritis and persistent joint pain, compared to those who had not played sport injured. Playing sport injured was only related to impaired mental-components of HRQoL in elite cricketers. The long-term impact of playing injured, should be considered when advising athletes on their ability to compete.
Different screening frequencies of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: which one is better?
Authors: Yang Tingting , Luo Xueping , Yang Qing , Chen Hongchao , Luo Yi , Zhao Yanmin , Ye Yishan , Lai Xiaoyu , Yu Jian , Tan Yamin , Wei Guoqing , Huang He , Shi Jimin
Published: February 2020

Background A consensus has been reached that carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) screening in immunosuppressed individuals can reduce the incidence of CRE bloodstream infection (BSI).
Methods We retrospectively studied the clinical data of 395 consecutive HSCT patients from September 2017 to April 2019. From September 2017 to June 2018 (period 1), 200 patients received single CRE screening before transplantation. From July 2018 to April 2019 (period 2), 195 patients received continuous weekly CRE screening after admission. For patients colonized with CRE, targeted managements were received: (1) contact precautions and (2) preemptive CRE-targeted treatment if necessary.
Results During period 1, 3 patients with CRE colonization were detected (1.5%). The CRE BSI rate was 2.0% (4 patients), and the related 30-day mortality was 50.0% (2 out of 4 patients). During period 2, 21 patients with CRE colonization were detected, and the detection rate was significantly higher than that in period 1 (P<0.001). Of the 21 colonized patients, 4 (19.0%) patients were identified as positive for CRE at the first screening, 5 (23.8%) were identified at the second screening, and the remaining 12 (57.1%) were identified at the third or later screening. The CRE BSI rate decreased to 0.5% (1/195), and there were no CRE-related death.
Fifteen colonized patients developed neutropenic fever. Thirteen colonizers were preemptively treated with tigecycline within 24 hours of fever onset, and they achieved rapid temperature control. One colonizer received tigecycline later than 48 hours after fever onset and ultimately survived due to the addition of polymyxin. The other received tigecycline later than 72 hours after fever onset and died of septic shock.
Conclusion The increase in screening frequency contributed to the detection of patients with CRE colonization. Targeted managements for these colonized patients may contribute to reducing the incidence and mortality of CRE BSI, therefore improving the prognosis of patients.
A human study to evaluate toxic trace element detoxification, body fat reduction following four-week intake of the Wellnessup diet: a three-arm, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jung Su-Jin , Kim Woo-Lim , Park Byung-Hyun , Lee Seung-Ok , chae soowan
Published: February 2020

Background: Detox diet are known as a popular dieting strategies that helps toxins elimination and weight manage but there is very little clinical evidence. Methods: To evaluate the effects of 4 week intake of the Wellnessup diet (WD) on toxic trace element detoxification, body fat reduction, and safety parameters. Forty-five women with body mass index (BMI) of 23.5-30 kg/m 2 were recruited. Thirty of them were assigned 1:1 to the test group (WD, 15 subjects) and control group 1 (calorie-restricted diet, CRD, 15 subjects) in a single blind and randomized, and the remaining 15 subjects were assigned to control group 2 (maintaining regular diet, MRD). The primary outcome were toxic trace element levels in hair (29 types of heavy metals), and the secondary outcomes were changes in anthropometric and urinary organic acids. Results: The levels of four toxic trace elements in hair decreased in the WD group after the diet compared to before the diet. Ni, Rh, Sn, and Ga were significantly lower in the WD group than in the CRD or MRD group (p<0.05). A significant weight loss in both groups (WRD:-1.88±0.95kg; p<0.013, CRD:-3.22±0.48kg; p<0.01). The BMI, fat free mass and hip circumference (HC) of the CRD group were not only significantly decreased compared to the WD group but also Weight, BMI. Body fat mass, fat free mass, waist circumference, and HC were significantly decreased (p<0.05) compared to the MRD group, and the weight loss was a greater decrease was observed in the CRD group. No significant changes in any safety parameter were observed. Conclusions: Use of WD might have several beneficial effects and safety such as body fat reduction and improving some the element detoxification through caloric restriction but did not reducing body fat mass more than calorie-restricted diet.
The Association between heart diseases, social factors, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations: SONIC study
Authors: Kamide Kei , Klinpudtan Nonglak , Kabayama Mai , Gondo Yasuyuki , Masui Yukie , Akagi Yuya , Srithum Werayuth , Kiyoshige Eri , Godai Kayo , Sugimoto Ken , Akasaka Hiroshi , Takami Yoichi , Takeya Yasushi , Yamamoto Koichi , Ikebe Kazunori , Yasumoto Saori , Ogawa Madoka , Inagaki Hiroki , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Rakugi Hiromi
Published: February 2020

Objectives Physical frailty is geriatric syndrome and can increase the risk of adverse outcome in the older population. Heart diseases are associated with physical frailty but a few studies in community-dwelling old population. Therefore the aim of this study was to examine the association between heart diseases, social factors, and physical frailty in community-dwelling older populations including the oldest old people. Methods The cross-sectional study included 1882 participants in community-dwelling older and oldest-old people in three age groups: 73 (±1), 83 (±1), and 93(±1) from both urban and rural areas of Japan. Questionnaires on medical history, psycho-social factors, blood samples, physical examinations, the hand grip strength test, and gait speed were measured at the venue. Physical frailty was defined based on a slow gait speed or weak grip strength. Heart diseases were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. Social interaction was based on the frequency of going outdoors and direct social contact. Analyses were conducted mainly using multiple logistic regression with adjustments for physical frailty risk factors. Results Heart disease subjects had a higher prevalence of physical frailty than those without heart disease (slow gait speed: 69.6 vs. 56.2%, p<.001; slow gait speed or weak grip strength: 80 vs. 69.6%, p=.002). After adjusting the covariate factors, heart diseases were associated with a slow gait speed (OR=1.5; 95%CI: 1.03-2.20, p=.035). Social interaction was associated with a slow gait speed (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.87, 95%CI 0.79-0.9, p=.008; frequency of direct social contact: OR=0.88, 95%CI 0.82-0.95, p=.001), a weak grip strength (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.86, 95%CI 0.77-0.96, p=.005), and with physical frailty (frequency of going outdoors: OR=0.84, 95%CI 0.75-0.94, p=.002; frequency of direct social contact: OR=0.89, 95%CI 0.82-0.97, p=.007). Living alone and frequency of direct social contact were associated with physical frailty among heart disease patients. Conclusions Our findings indicate that in community-dwelling older people, heart diseases and social interaction were associated with physical frailty. Older people with heart disease, those living alone and the frequency of direct social contact were associated with physical frailty. Future research must involve a longitudinal study to clarify the causal relationship.
sRAGE downregulates the VEGF expression through EGF-like growth factor signal pathway in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Wang Jingyan , Guan Yichun , Liu Yi , Wang Liang , Du Mingze , Zhang Zhan , wang bijun
Published: February 2020

Objective High expression of VEGF in ovarian tissue, serum and follicular fluid of PCOS women is involved in the physiological and pathogenesis processes of PCOS. Our objective was to investigate the effect of sRAGE on VEGF expression and EGF-like growth factor in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells. Methods We collected ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF). Then treatment ovarian granulosa cells with different concentrations of sRAGE. Levels of VEGF, AREG, BTC and EREG mRNA were examined by quantitative RT-PCR. The protein levels of VEGF, AREG, BTC and EREG were measured by ELISA. Results Treatment with sRAGE decrease the production of VEGF, and the effects were dependent on the concentrations of sRAGE ( P <0.05). Simultaneously, the expression of the EGF-like growth factors AREG, BTC and EREG were decreased, and the expression were dependent on the concentrations of sRAGE ( P <0.05). Conclusions sRAGE may downregulate VEGF expression via EGF-like growth factor pathway in PCOS ovarian granulosa cells.
Effect of diabetes mellitus on long-term outcomes of patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction undergoing surgical revascularization: a propensity score-matching study
Authors: liu meng , Zhang Hua-Jun , Song Han , Cheng Nan , Wu Yuan-Bin , Wang Rong
Published: February 2020

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor in the long-term outcomes of surgical revascularization. However, few studies have focused on patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) and DM, and the results are controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of DM on the long-term outcomes of patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and LVD undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG). Methods In this propensity-matched study, patients with IHD and LVD who underwent CABG in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had DM. The primary endpoint was all-cause death, and the secondary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death, stroke, recurrent myocardial infarction, and re-revascularization. Results There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the two groups(5.78%vs.4.05%,P=0.216). The incidence of main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE) in the secondary endpoint was significantly higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group (10.40% vs. 8.09%, P=0.023).Conclusions DM can negatively affect the long-term outcome of patients with IHD and LVD undergoing CABG by significantly increasing the overall incidence of MACCE, though the long-term survival doesn’t show significant difference between the DM and non-DM patients.
Prediction of mechanical properties and fatigue life of nano silver paste in chip interconnection
Authors: YANG Hui , Wu Jihui
Published: February 2020

The simulation of nano-silver solder joints in flip-chips is performed by the finite element software ANSYS, and the stress-strain distribution results of the solder joints are displayed. In this simulation, the solder joints use Anand viscoplastic constitutive model, which can reasonably simulate the stress and strain of solder joints under thermal cycling load. At the same time this model has been embedded in ANSYS software, so it is more convenient to use. The final simulation results show that the areas where the maximum stresses and strains occur at the solder joints are mostly distributed in the contact areas between the solder joints and the copper pillars and at the solder joints. During the entire thermal cycling load process, the area where the maximum change in stress and strain occurs is always at the solder joint, and when the temperature changes, the temperature at the solder joint changes significantly. Based on comprehensive analysis, the relevant empirical correction calculation equation is used to calculate and predict the thermal fatigue life of nano-silver solder joints. The analysis results provide a reference for the application of nano-silver solder in the electronic packaging industry.
Propolis from Poland versus propolis from New Zealand - chemical composition and antiproliferative properties on glioblastoma cell lines.
Authors: Moskwa Justyna , Naliwajko Sylwia Katarzyna , Markiewicz-Żukowska Renata , Gromkowska-Kępka Krystyna Joanna , Socha Katarzyna , Borawska Maria Halina , Isidorov Valery
Published: February 2020

Background

Several studies have previously reported that propolis and its ingredients inhibit glioma cancer cell lines. The chemical composition and antiproliferative activity of propolis from Poland (PPE) and propolis from New Zealand (MPE) were compared in this study.

Methods

The chemical composition was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antiproliferative activity of PPE and MPE was determined by a cytotoxicity test and DNA binding by [ 3 H]-thymidine incorporation on Human Diffuse Astrocytoma cell line (DASC) derived from a patient with a Grade II glioma and glioblastoma multiforme T98G and LN-18 cell lines from American Type Culture Collection.

Results

The chemical composition of both propolis was comparable, with marginal differences in the amount of some compounds. Flavonoids and chalcones, of which pinocembrin, pinobanksin, pinobanksin 3-acetate, chrysin and galangin showed the highest level, were the main components of both examined propolis (PPE–49.4% and MPE–52.1%). The performed cytotoxicity test showed powerful activity of PPE and MPE propolis on DASC, T98G and LN-18 cells. The degree of the antiproliferative activity was similar in the case of both propolis (viability after 72 h for 30 µg/mL ranged from 22.0% to 51.6% and proliferation inhibition after 72 h approximately was from 18.6% to 75.6%).

Conclusions

These results are the first to show that propolis from Poland and propolis from New Zealand have a strong cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect on DASC (Grade II glioma) derived from a patient and glioblastoma multiforme T98G and LN-18 cell lines. This activity may be associated with the high content of polyphenolic compounds in both propolis. These findings suggest that Polish and New Zealand propolis shows promising anticancer activity in the treatment of glioblastoma. However, further studies are required.
Demonstrating the presence of Ehrlichia canis DNA from different tissues of dogs with negative PCR in blood
Authors: Rodríguez-Alarcón Carlos Arturo , Beristain-Ruiz Diana M. , Olivares-Muñoz Angélica , Quezada-Casasola Andrés , Pérez-Casio Federico , Álvarez-Martínez Jesús A. , Tapia-Alanís Jane , Lira-Amaya José J. , Rivera-Barreno Ramón , Cera-Hurtado Orlando S. , Ibancovichi-Camarillo José A. , Soon-Gómez Luis , Adame-Gallegos Jaime Raul , Figueroa-Millán Julio V.
Published: February 2020

Background: Nowadays, Ehrlichia canis receives more attention because of its great morbidity and mortality in animals. Dogs in the subclinical and chronic phases can be asymptomatic, and serologic tests show cross-reactivity and fail to differentiate between current and past infections. Moreover, there could be low parasitaemia, and E. canis might be found only in target organs, hence negative by PCR in blood. Methods: We evaluated by PCR the prevalence of E. canis in blood, liver, spleen, lymphatic nodules, and bone marrow in 59 recently euthanized dogs that had ticks but were clinically healthy. Results: In total, 52.55% of the blood PCRs for E. canis were negative, yet 61.30% yield positive results in tissue biopsies as follows: 63.15% from bone marrow, 52.63% from liver, 47.36% from spleen and 15.78% from lymphatic nodules. In addition, 33% had infection in three tissues (spleen, liver and bone marrow). Conclusions: Our results show prevalence of E. canis in tissue from dogs that were negative by PCR in blood. E. canis DNA in tissue was 30% lower in dogs that tested negative in blood samples by PCR, compared to those that were positive. However, it must be taken into account that some dogs with negative results were positive for E. canis in others tissues.
Factors affecting gastroesophageal reflux diagnosed by analysis of pepsin in the saliva of elderly patients with nasal feeding
Authors: Ding Yu , Hou Huiru , Liu Miao , Wang Xiaoyuan , Xu Yue , Shi Haiyan , Guo Jiayu , Du Haitao , Wang Liyuan
Published: February 2020

Background Elderly patients receiving nasal feeding have weaker physiological function and placement of a nasogastric tube destroys the natural barrier of the cardia-esophageal sphincter. Pepsin in saliva may reflect gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study investigated pepsin levels in saliva of elderly patients with nasal feeding and analyzed the relevant factors. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Patients admitted to the Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 2018 to October 2018 who received nasal feeding were included. One ml of saliva was collected from each patient during fasting in the morning and 1 hour after lunch for 3 consecutive days. Pepsin was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The patients were divided into two groups (≥7.75 ug/ml or <7.75 ug/ml) based on the median pepsin. Baseline and clinical factors were compared. ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 91.09±4.91 years. There were statistical differences in diabetes and feeding methods between the two groups. There was a positive correlation between the morning and postprandial pepsin levels (r=0.442, P <0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for higher pepsin levels were diabetes (odds ratio (OR): 2.67; 95%CI: 1.225-5.819, P =0.013) and nasal feeding methods (OR: 2.475; 95%CI: 1.183-5.180, P =0.016). Conclusions For patients undergoing nasal feeding who are older than 80 years, the fasting and 1-hour postprandial pepsin concentration was consistent. Diabetes and feeding methods are risk factors for high pepsin levels, which may indicate GERD.
Preoperative CT Colonoscopy for Esophageal Reconstruction with Colonic Interposition.
Authors: Mahawongkajit Prasit , Boochangkool Nuttorn
Published: February 2020

Background Colonic evaluation is an essential step before proceeding with esophagectomy to reconstruct by colonic interposition. Colonoscopy is the standard practice for colorectal cancer screening, but it has a chance of failing cecal intubation and carries a risk of horrific complication by colonic perforation. CT colonography is a less invasive alternative method that has been reported as useful for colonoscopic screening in cases of average risk of colorectal cancer. This study set out to report our clinical experience and to evaluate CT colonoscopy in the preoperative process for colonic interposition of esophagectomy patients. Methods Data for esophagectomy with colonic interposition patients between March 2016 and December 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. Results Nineteen patients were included in this study with 13 in the esophageal cancer group and 6 in the corrosive esophageal injury group. The majority of conduits used ileocolonic graft. After colonic interposition, endoscopy was performed and no lesions of conduits were detected. Conclusion CT colonoscopy is a minimally invasive and reliable colonic evaluation method for the patient of average colorectal cancer risk who has undergone esophagectomy with colonic interposition.
Impact of preoperative immunonutrition on thrombocyte phagocytic activity and early postoperative outcomes in invasive gastric cancer patients.
Authors: Kamocki Zbigniew , Matowicka Joanna , Jurczuk Anna , Milewska Anna , Kamocka Anna , Kedra Boguslaw
Published: February 2020

Background:The aim was to determine the phagocytic activity of thrombocytes in patients with gastric cancer and to assess the effect of oral and parenteral preoperative glutamine-based immunonutrition on nutritional status, thrombocyte phagocytic activity and early postoperative outcomes. Methods:Patients suffer from invasive gastric cancer had been treated with preoperative immunonutrition with glutamine and they were compared to patients without nutritional treatment. Nutritional status, percentage of weight loss and BMI were assessed. Levels of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, platelets and their phagocytic ability were measured twice. Postsurgical complications were assessed via Claven-Dindo classification. Results:Group I-20 patients with an oral glutamine, Group II-38 patients received an intravenous glutamine. Group III-25 patients did not receive preoperative immunonutrition. 47% patients Group I, 54% patients Group II and 33% patients Group III were malnourished. In Group I, percentage of phagocytizing platelet (%PhP) was 1.1 pre- and 1.2 postoperatively. Phagocytic index (PhI) was 1.0 and 1.1. In Group II, %PhP was 1.1 and 1.2. PhI was 1.0 and 1.1. In Group III %PhP was 1.0 and1.2. PhI was 1.0 and 1.1. An increase in triglyceride level was observed in both immunonutrition groups. There was a fall in total protein, albumin level in Group II. In Group III there was a decline in total protein, albumin and cholesterol level. Total platelet count, and PhI was increased in both immunonutrition groups. There was also a rise in %PhP in Group II. In Group III there was no change in blood plateles level, %PhP and PhI. Complications rate was 53% in Group I, 29 % in Group II, 40% in Group III. Conclusions:In invasive gastric cancer, laboratory nutritional parameters are significantly reduced, causing malnutrition in 45.7% of patients. Oral glutamine supplementation inhibited the postoperative decline in protein metabolism parameters, however, this did not affect the reduction of the percentage of postoperative complications. Glutamine used preoperatively significantly reduced the percentage of serious surgical complications, regardless of the way it was supplemented. Patients with invasive gastric cancer have a significant decrease in platelet phagocytic activity. Immunonutrition based on intravenous form of glutamine allows to improve the phagocytic activity of platelets.
Identification of new biomarkers and pathways associated with treatment and prognosis in melanoma patients
Authors: Huang Biao , Han Wei , Sheng Zu-Feng , Shen Guo-Liang
Published: February 2020

Background Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is known as the most malignancy and treatment-resistant in human tumor, causing about 72% of deaths in skin carcinoma. However, the potential mechanism and new effective targets remain to be further elucidated. Available datasets such as Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) can be utilized to search for novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers. Methods Three data sets were downloaded from GEO database . The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified via Venn software. Protein‐protein interaction network of DEGs was developed and the module hub genes analysis was constructed by Cytoscape. Subsequently, multiple online tools and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were analyzed to detect underlying signaling pathways, gene expression, drug-gene interaction and prognostic value of hub genes. In addition, we explored the correlation between hub genes and immune cell infiltration. At last, the related miRNA, lncRNA networks were constructed by R software. Results A total of 308 DEGs and 12 hub genes were identified. Function and pathway enrichment results demonstrated a correlation between DEGs and the tumor microenvironment, immune response and melanoma tumorigenesis. Subsequently, we focused on assessing potential value of 12 hub genes. Seven hub genes ( CCL4, CCL5, NMU, GAL, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13 ) were identified with significant overall survival for prognosis. What’s more, five of these seven hub genes were found to be related to clinical stages (P values<0.05). In addition, the most important pathways of hub genes include interleukin-10 signaling, peptide ligand-binding receptors, which play important roles in tumor microenvironment for immune activation or immunosuppressive by regulating the infiltration of immune cells. Our results revealed a strong positive correlation between gene expression (CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL13) and immune cell infiltration (B-cell, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, Neutrophils, Dendritic cells). Interestingly, 8 of 12 hub genes (CXCL10, CCL4, CCL5, IL6, CXCL2, PTGER3, GAL, NPY1R) were also found in the predicted drug-gene interaction. The related miRNA, lncRNA for diagnosis and prognosis were found in networks. Conclusion In conclusion, CCL4, CCL5, NMU, GAL, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13 were of high prognostic value and may be potential targets for the diagnosis and therapy of patients with melanoma.