bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frecuencia de mastitis subclínica y caracterización del pezón de vacas Holstein en dos municipios del norte de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Salazar Torres Lina Maria , Buitrago Mejía Jhonny Alberto
Published: July 2023

El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la frecuencia de mastitis subclínica y su asociación con la forma de la punta y el esfínter del pezón en vacas Holstein. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en tres lecherías del norte de Antioquia, Colombia. Se caracterizó la punta y el esfínter del pezón de 924 cuartos mamarios (231 animales) y se determinó la presencia de mastitis subclínica por medio de la prueba de California Mastitis Test (CMT). Se encontró el 23% de los cuartos y el 26.8% de los animales con mastitis subclínica. Las dos morfologías de mayor frecuencia fueron el esfínter de anillo liso (63%) y el pezón con extremo redondo (74%), en ambos casos asociados de CMT negativo (p<0.0001). El 1.83% de los cuartos mamarios no eran funcionales.
La vitamina D en la salud y en las patologías del bovino: un enfoque no clásico
Authors: Tiraboschi Georgina , Porporatto Carina , Bohl Luciana Paola
Published: July 2023

La vitamina D es una vitamina liposoluble de relevancia para el ganado lechero, que no solo interviene en la homeostasis del calcio y el metabolismo óseo, sino que además ha sido asociada a la modulación del sistema inmunológico y a la menor incidencia de ciertas patologías del bovino. Las últimas acciones del secoesteroide, referidas como no clásicas, son de más reciente descubrimiento y continúan en estudio. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue presentar y analizar los roles de la vitamina D y sus metabolitos en la salud y en las patologías del bovino. Se incluyó una sección sobre los efectos inmunomoduladores y antibacterianos en la glándula mamaria bovina, donde se conoce que la vitamina y sus precursores disminuyen la invasión bacteriana y regulan la expre-sión de componentes de la respuesta inmunitaria innata. A los fines de contextualizar, también se describe el metabolismo de la vitamina D, la fuente y cuantificación de sus metabolitos en leche y plasma de bovinos, su papel en la nutrición y en la prevención de enfermedades, así como la toxicidad. En conclusión, el estudio de los efectos no clásicos de estos esteroides aporta evidencias que pueden ser utilizadas para diseñar terapias con compuestos naturales para ser aplicadas en animales productores de alimentos.
Concentración dietaria óptima de aminoácidos azufrados utilizando L-metionina en el alimento inicial de patos Muscovy (Cairina moschata Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Pujada A. Hilario , Palacios-Rodriguez Betty , Llañez B. Soledad , Diaz G. Ruth , Airahuacho B. Félix
Published: July 2023

La presente investigación evaluó el efecto de la suplementación de niveles crecientes de L-metionina (L-Met) en la dieta para patos Muscovy desde el nacimiento hasta los 21 días de edad. Se utilizaron 90 patos Muscovy machos recién nacidos asignados a 30 corrales con 3 aves por corral. Una dieta basal con maíz, soya y subproducto de trigo fue suplementada con 0, 0.08, 0.16, 0.24, 0.32 y 0.40% L-Met, dando lugar a 6 dietas con concentraciones crecientes en aminoácidos azufrados pero constantes en energía y demás nutrientes esenciales. Se realizó el análisis de variancia y la prueba de comparación de medias de Tukey. Además, un modelo dosis-respuesta efectiva fue realizado para determinar el nivel de metionina óptimo. El peso corporal y el consumo de alimento no fueron influenciados (p>0.05) por la suplementación de L-Met aunque se observó una tendencia numérica a mayores pesos conforme se incrementaba la suplementación. La conversión alimenticia fue significativamente mejor con la suplementación de 0.24 y 0.32% de L-Met (p<0.05), deteriorándose cuando se suplementó con 0.08% L-Met. La concentración adecuada para alcanzar el óptimo peso corporal fue determinada en 0.44 y 0.72% para Met y Met+Cis, respectivamente. Mientras que la concentración adecuada para alcanzar la mejor eficiencia de conversión alimenticia fue determinada en 0.40 y 0.68% para Met y Met+Cis, respectivamente.
Requerimiento de proteína en juveniles del pez marino chita Anisotremus scapularis (Tschudi, 1846) (Perciformes: Haemulidae)
Authors: Yanac P. Ciro , Verástegui M. Aníbal , Sotelo-Mendez Alejandrina , Hall Steven
Published: July 2023

El presente estudio fue realizado para determinar el requerimiento de proteína del alimento en juveniles de Chita, Anisotremus scapularis. Se utilizaron 72 peces con un peso de 19.95 ± 4.09 g y 10.31 ± 0.63 cm de longitud, los cuales fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en grupos de seis unidades por tanque. Las dietas experimentales contenían niveles de proteína de 45, 50, 55 y 58%, las que fueron suministradas a tres unidades experimentales por dieta. Los peces fueron alimentados tres veces por día hasta la saciedad por un periodo de 56 días. Los resultados mostraron que el peso final, ganancia de peso, consumo de alimento y conversión alimenticia fueron significativamente (p<0.05) afectados por los niveles de proteína en la dieta. Sin embargo, el incremento de longitud y la tasa especifica de crecimiento no presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0.05) entre tratamientos. El requerimiento de proteína determinado en base a la ganancia de peso mediante la regresión polinomial de segundo grado fue de 56.78% para el óptimo crecimiento de juveniles de chita.
Sertolinoma maligno en un canino criptórquido con hiperplasia prostática benigna quística: reporte de caso
Authors: Laverde Néstor , González R. Lucero , Upegui Aldemar , Chávez Luis E.
Published: July 2023

Se presenta el caso de un canino de 8 años, raza Beagle, que fue atendido en el hospital veterinario ASMEVET de la ciudad de Tunja, Colombia. El propietario informó que en los últimos meses ha estado perdiendo, ha aumentado el consumo de agua, no ha sido castrado, y que recientemente se encuentra deprimido, inapetente y con signos de disuria. Al examen físico se observa alopecia generalizada y ginecomastia, y la próstata se encuentra aumentada de tamaño y asimétrica. La ultrasonografía transabdominal revela próstata aumentada de tamaño, con parénquima heteroecogénico y microquistes, y los testículos se encontraban retenidos a la altura del vértice de la vejiga. Se administró enrofloxacina por 5 días, y meloxicam por 4 días, y luego se sometió a celiotomía para extirpar los testículos retenidos. El estudio histopatológico reportó sertolinoma maligno. La muestra del tejido prostático mediante aspiración con aguja fina reveló células compatibles con hiperplasia prostática benigna. Después de los 90 días de la orquiectomía bilateral se observó la remisión de la alopecia y la ecografía control mostró disminución del tamaño de la próstata.
Sexo de la cría según el ovario de la ovulación en llamas (Lama glama) de la Puna argentina
Authors: Abalos Marcos C. , Acuña Francisco A. , Cancino Andrea K. , Aller Juan F.
Published: July 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la relación de sexos de las crías nacidas provenientes de ovulaciones de los ovarios izquierdo o derecho en llamas naturalmente apareadas. Hembras (n=188) con presencia de un folículo ovárico ≥7 mm recibieron monta natural controlada (Día 0). Se confirmó la ovulación en el día 2 por la desaparición del folículo ovárico (n=146). Se obtuvieron 104 (71.2%) hembras diagnosticadas preñadas por medio de ultrasonografía a los 40-45 días de la monta. Se registró la fecha de monta y parición, sexo y peso vivo de la cría al nacimiento en 92 llamas. La relación sexo de la cría y la relación de sexo de las crías provenientes de cada ovario fueron comparadas mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado de bondad de ajuste, siendo la relación esperada de 1:1. Ovulaciones provenientes de ambos ovarios produjeron similar (p=0.14) proporción de crías nacidas y la relación macho: hembra fue similar. Sin embargo, más crías de sexo macho fueron originadas del ovario izquierdo que del derecho (65.2 vs. 34.8%, respectivamente; p=0.04), aunque los porcentajes de machos nacidos originados de ovulaciones del ovario izquierdo (30/53=56.6%; p=0.33) y ovario derecho (16/39=41.0%; p=0.26) no fueron diferentes de la relación esperada (1:1). La duración de la gestación y el peso vivo al nacimiento fueron estadísticamente similares entre sexos.
Legal Status of the Navigable Rivers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 16th–18th Centuries
Authors: Bedulskis Rimantas
Published: July 2023

The article examines the legal status of the navigable rivers of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (further – GDL) in the 16th–18th centuries, based on Lithuanian Statutes, Sejm resolutions (constitutions), city privileges, other legal sources, and historiographical data. The problem of the content and usage of the term "navigable river" found in multilingual sources is examined. The study showed that this term contained two meanings: it indicated the physical characteristics of rivers and defined their legal status as a free path. In these rivers, it was forbidden to build any obstacles that make navigation difficult (fish traps, mill dams, or other barriers) and to collect new "unusual" customs duties. In the GDL’s law, the problem of shipping obstacles has been tried to solve in two ways: a) by specifying the obstacles to be removed physically and/or providing fines; b) by the mandatory installation of gates in fish traps and dams.
Meaning of “Speculation“ and “Speculator“ in Lithuanian SSR (1940–1941)
Authors: Indrišionis Darius
Published: July 2023

This research focuses on anti-speculation propaganda of Soviet regime in the years of First Soviet Occupation of Lithuania (1940–1941). Image of various speculation aproaches is analised as well as public communication of Soviet regime while installing radical social and economical reforms (widespread nacionalization of different types of property, mostly). Also, this research shows that the “campaign against speculation” inspired by Soviet regime had some antisemitic content: when in the first months of occupation almost every day there were lists of speculators published in newspapers, these lists were dominated by Jewish names and surnames. That tendency could not lead to a rising of an antisemitic views in Lithuanian society. By the way, this research describes how Soviet regime widened a term “speculator”: while in the beginning of occupation it mostly could mean only a person who is mixed up in illegal trading activities, in the beginning of the summer of 1941 this term demonstrated a negative view of Soviet regime to any entrepreneurship initiative that is coming not from the officials of the regime.
Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi on Ummah and Its Relevance to Society 5.0
Authors: Huringiin Nabila , Safitri Alia
Published: July 2023

Society, which is a social structure, has its dynamics and can undergo significant changes. Society 5.0 is a new community concept promoted by Japan to be a solution to various social problems. Ismail Raji Al-Faruqi is one of the Muslim scholars who provide the concept of social order, one of which is the concept of the ummah. The purpose of this research is to find the relevance between Ummah and Society 5.0. The researcher uses a philosophical approach by using a qualitative research design or using a literature study by presenting a written presentation and the data that is analyzed and described. The results of this study are: the concept of ummah which is owned by Al-Faruqi and Society 5.0 is universalism which means that it is not particular and that all humans are the same, there are no differences in ethnicity, race, or nation. The concept of ummah Al-Faruqi and Society 5.0 has the concept of totalism which requires each individual to actualize divine values and will. The concept of ummah Al-Faruqi and Society 5.0 has the concept of independence where each individual has the freedom to will and will do what he does in realizing the values of life without any coercion. From these three concepts, the Islamic Society 5.0 concept was created which is characterized by a religious, intellectual, and observative society.
Effect of foliar application of bio-stimulants on growth, yield and nutritional quality of broccoli
Authors: Iqbal W. , Ayyub C. M. , Jahangir M. M. , Ahmad R.
Published: July 2023

Abstract Broccoli is one of important cole crop grown all over the world due to its unique nutritional profile consumed fresh as well as processed. It contains a wide range of nutrients, vitamins, minerals and specific anti-cancer compounds such as glucosinolates. Broccoli cultivation in Pakistan is increasing rapidly, however, till now there is no standardized cropping technology for broccoli cultivation under local climate. Considering research gap (lack of suitable varieties, poor growth, and unavailability of optimized crop technology), trial was conducted at Vegetable research area, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate the impact of bio-stimulants on different broccoli cultivars under local climatic conditions. The set of experimental treatments was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Pre-harvest application of Isabion and Seaweed extract significantly enhanced the plant height (11%), dry weight (4%), leaf area (7%), and yield plant-1 (5%). Moreover, Isabion and seaweed extract application led to the increase in antioxidant enzymes i.e., superoxide dismutase (18%), peroxidase (38%) and catalase (12%). In crux, the foliar application of bio-stimulants (Isabion and seaweed extract) on broccoli enhanced the growth, yield, and contents of antioxidant enzymes.
BIBLIOTECONOMIA SOCIAL NA FORMAÇÃO DO BIBLIOTECÁRIO: REFLEXÕES E ANÁLISE DE PROJETOS PEDAGÓGICOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Alencar Maria da Glória , Olinto Gilda
Published: July 2023

RESUMO Considera a relevância na formação do bibliotecário a que é voltada para a sua conscientização das carências sociais dos ambientes em que atua, preparando-o para contribuir para a superação das desigualdades que caracterizam o país. Os princípios da Biblioteconomia Social são apresentados como instrumentos para essa conscientização, que se dá a partir de dois eixos fundamentais: a mediação e a apropriação da informação. Aborda a literatura que destaca esses conceitos e sua relevância na formação profissional. Analisa, à luz da Biblioteconomia Social, os Projetos Pedagógicos (PPCs) de dois cursos de Biblioteconomia, especificamente, a ênfase em ações de extensão universitária e nos conteúdos voltados às bibliotecas escolares. Conclui que em ambos PPCs mostram, ênfase em diversos aspectos da Biblioteconomia Social, considera, entretanto, que ainda se está longe de efetivar uma ação pedagógica que promova plenamente a Biblioteconomia Social.
ANTAGONISMOS E RESISTÊNCIAS: CECÍLIA MEIRELES NA IMPRENSA CARIOCA (1930-1933)
Authors: Pimenta Jussara Santos , Mignot Ana Chrystina
Published: July 2023

Resumo Na historiografia da educação brasileira, estudos sobre Cecília Meireles no debate educacional têm contemplado seu papel de editora da “Página de Educação” do Diário de Notícias, entre 1930 e 1933, permitindo concluir que encerrou seus comentários sobre o tema quando assinou a crônica “A despedida”. O porta-voz dos educadores comprometidos com o ideário da Escola Nova teria sido, a partir de então, Frota Pessoa que passou a escrever no Jornal do Brasil. No entanto, ao seguir pistas de pesquisas sobre sua atuação como jornalista, vamos surpreendê-la assinando a coluna “Educação”, do jornal A Nação. Inventariar os temas por ela discutidos possibilita compreender como a defesa que fazia do Manifesto dos Pioneiros da Educação Nova, do qual foi signatária, se deu em diálogo com os educadores católicos que publicavam no periódico, contribuindo, assim, para ampliar as análises sobre a repercussão do referido manifesto.
Um modelo de Sistema de Recomendação integrado a Metodologias Ativas, MDE e Learning Analytics para a mitigação de evasão em EaD
Authors: Andrade Tiago Luís de , Almeira Caroline Medeiros Martins de , Barbosa Jorge Luís Victória , Rigo Sandro José
Published: July 2023

Distance Education enabled educational practices based on digital platforms. Despite its wide adoption, the high dropout rates are a reason for concern for teachers and institutional managers. There are initiatives to mitigate this situation, such as Educational Data Mining (EDM), Learning Analytics (LA), and the use of Recommendation Systems (RS). Although effective in specific aspects, these techniques lack mechanisms for students' motivation and pedagogical intervention by teachers, as they do not present methodological proposals to encourage learning. Therefore, this article describes an RS model that shows a differential integration of the pedagogical approach of Active Methodologies with the support of Educational Data Mining and Learning Analytics techniques to identify students with dropout risks and enhance permanence. For this, a prototype was implemented, and a case study was carried out with professors from two universities to assess functionality and acceptance. According to the TAM Model, more than 87% of teachers agree with the ease of use, and 77% agree that RS can be helpful in students' teaching and learning process. Therefore, the model contributes to teaching practices, encourages collaborative learning, and favors monitoring this process and the activities developed by the students.
Investigating the relationship between the English instruction time decrease and English learning achievements
Authors: Sukyadi Didi , Hakim Lukman
Published: July 2023

This study examines the link between an English instructional time decrease on English learning achievements by reviewing the students’ trends of English learning achievement scores from 2011 to 2017 and conducting a survey concerning the decline in their instructional time. A mixed-method approach was used to meet the objective of the research. For quantitative data, the Likert-scale questionnaire was collected from 474 senior high school English teachers all over Indonesia, and the achievement data consisted of 211,086 summative scores of senior high school students from semesters 1 to 5. For qualitative data, the respondents filled in open-ended questions unveiling their viewpoints on instructional time decrease. The result between the correlation analysis and the teacher’s open-ended question seems inconsistent. Even though the statistical analysis does not indicate any direct relationship between instructional time decrease and students’ achievement where both summative and proficiency scores keep increasing during the period observed, from the teachers’ perspective, questionnaire data reported a significant tendency for the reduction in instructional time on learning achievement. Further analysis shows that in terms of students’ learning achievement and proficiency, instructional time decrease cannot be stated as a factor that directly influences students’ learning. However, from the teachers’ perspective, the reduction is believed to influence their students’ achievement and classroom management.
Enhancing writing skills and language creativity through the plus-minus-interesting technique: A case study at the primary school level
Authors: Cahyani Isah , Nurhadi Jatmika , Mentari Mentari
Published: July 2023

Language creativity plays a pivotal role in facilitating effective communication, especially in written expression. Proficient writing skills require a dedicated teaching and learning process that nurtures critical thinking abilities. While the significance of language creativity and writing skills has been acknowledged, empirical research focusing on explicit techniques to enhance these skills among young learners is needed. Addressing this research gap, this study explores the impact of integrating the PMI (Plus-Minus-Interesting) technique, an integral component of the Cognitive Research Trust framework, in teaching narrative text to primary school students. Employing a case study research method, this study involves 67 students, with data collected through observations, interviews, and analysis of selected students' multiple drafts. The findings reveal significant improvements across various aspects of students' written texts, including word count, vocabulary usage, flow, and organizational structure, following the implementation of the PMI technique. Observations demonstrate that students displayed heightened levels of active engagement and expressive writing when utilizing the PMI technique, effectively incorporating 'plus', 'minus', and 'interesting' elements from their personal experiences. This integration enhanced their overall written communication skills. Based on the study's results, the PMI approach provides clear and structured instruction in literacy learning and development. It particularly offers a practical approach for nurturing language creativity and improving writing skills among young learners.
Information Human Obligations: State and Prospects of Doctrine Interpretation
Authors: Tykhomyrov Oleksandr O. , Tykhomyrov Denys O. , Radovetska Liudmyla V. , Vatral Antonina V.
Published: July 2023

The world is not standing still, and the development of information technology is giving rise to even more new areas of social relations. It is only logical that new human rights and responsibilities arise. The sphere of information relations is quite new and is rapidly developing. While the international community and national authorities pay a fairly high level of attention to information rights by introducing special regulations, they pay less attention to obligations. This is due to the absence of a single unified act, and therefore, in general, the concept of duty is consistent with law, including in the field of information relations. This is the relevance of the study, which is driven by the rapid development of informational and legal relations and the improvement of the digital space, as well as the strict fulfillment of obligations arising from them. The purpose of this article is to emphasise the urgent need for doctrinal changes in the human rights system caused by the deep informatization of human life, in particular the interrelationships of information rights and human obligations, their prospects, and their significance for the promotion of human rights in the global information society. The results obtained will be useful for further research and will be aimed at improving the regulation of the process of fulfilling duties by participants in informational and legal relations. However, the study of the trajectory of the information progress of humanity and the understanding of information responsibilities, based on their inherent connection with the information rights of a person, can have not only a scientific sense but also a positive contribution to the development of human rights in the information society.
International Court of Justice and Provisional Measures under the Genocide Convention: Curious Case of Ukraine v. Russian Federation
Authors: Alexander Atul
Published: July 2023

The ongoing Russian aggression on Ukraine has prompted Ukrainian President Zelensky to seek the assistance of States and international institutions. One such institution that Ukraine approached is the International Court of Justice (ICJ), requesting provisional measures. Ukraine contends that the Russian Federation has falsely claimed that acts of Genocide have occurred in the Luhansk and Donetsk oblast in Eastern Ukraine. In this article, the author details the provisional measures rendered by the ICJ; in doing so, it is contended that the interpretation of the ICJ vis-à-vis the Genocide Convention is flexible and broad, a stark contrast to its previous cases.
Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs: Transformation of Criminal Law to Implement the Potential of Russian Business
Authors: Avdeeva E. V.
Published: July 2023

The potential of the business community directly affects the economic development and economic security of society. This question is especially relevant in connection with the global challenges that have arisen before the society. Implementation of business opportunities is significantly limited by illegal acts against business entities, the extent of which the statistical data indirectly helps to asses. In our legal system, the rights of entrepreneurs are comprehensively protected by legislation, which is confirmed by a large number of safeguards provided during the investigation of criminal cases and discussed in the article, as well as institutions and tools for protecting the rights of business entities. However, the business community still needs protection both from false entrepreneurs and from illegal actions of the personnel of the preliminary investigation bodies. Domestic legal science faces not only the issue of large-scale transformation of criminal law in order to realize the potential of Russian business — a qualitative change in criminal law will not be able to correct all existing problems of law enforcement in the absence of a detailed legal study of the prerequisites for the formation of entrepreneurship in Russia and the formation of law enforcement practices that it seems necessary to eradicate.The responsible role of business representatives is expressed in high-tech and generating economic benefits of entrepreneurial activity. At the same time, the rights of entrepreneurs need to be protected also from illegal actions of the officers of the preliminary investigation bodies. The problem under consideration and other problems identified in the work, along with statistical data, allow us to conclude that it is important to organize protection of the rights of business entities during the investigation of crimes to ensure the economic security of the state, a stable economy and business environment.
Analog-digital workflow for complex rehabilitation of severe maxillary atrophy with zygomatic implants: a clinical case
Authors: Dibirov Timur M. , Drobyshev Aleksey Yu. , Gvetadze Ramaz Sh. , Kharazyan Edvard A. , Arutyunov Sergey D.
Published: July 2023

Patients with a complete lack of teeth, severe maxillary atrophy and midface deformity create the most unfavorable conditions for their rehabilitation according to traditional protocols, including bone grafting, sinus lifting and implantation, which forms a complex clinical challenge. Today, zygomatic implants are successfully used as an alternative option for rehabilitation of patients with severe upper jaw atrophy, allowing to reduce the volume of surgical interventions, as well as to shorten the rehabilitation period. Until now, the question of finding an optimal treatment protocol with the use of zygomatic implants remains relevant.
We proposed an integrated protocol of rehabilitation of patients with severe maxillary atrophy, based on the use of analog-digital diagnostic tools and treatment outcome planning, as well as including the stages of surgical and prosthetic treatment using the developed technology of zygomatic implant placement and immediate loading with prosthetic jaw prosthesis constructions.
This work presents a clinical case of the patient (62 years old), whose rehabilitation was performed in accordance with her own protocol: preoperative digital planning according to computer tomography data (Blue Sky Bio Plan, USA), virtual modeling and manufacturing of surgical template for positioning four zygomatic implants (Nobel Biocare, USA), installation of zygomatic implants and immediate fixation of temporary dental prosthesis. Based on the results of follow-up examinations, including X-ray assessment of the zygomatic bones over a period of 6 years, no complications were detected.
Effectiveness of sodium nucleospermate for the development of embryos and larvae of Danio rerio
Authors: Blazhenko Alexandra  A. , Lebedev Andrei  A. , Tapilskaya Natalya I. , Proshin Sergei  N. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: The development of eggs and larvae of Danio rerio ex utero and the optical transparency of their embryos allow visual analysis of embryos at different stages of development and evaluation of organogenesis.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sodium nucleospermate to the survival of embryos and larvae of Danio rerio.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study used Danio rerio fish of natural color. To assess the effectiveness of sodium nucleospermate on embryo survival, 64 eggs were collected and placed in separate wells. Three concentrations of sodium nucleospermate were tested in the experiment: 50 g (dose 1), 1.3 g (dose 2), and 0.0325 g (dose 3) per well (200 L). The experiment was conducted for 8 days, and blood circulation, exit of the larva from the egg, movements of the embryo inside the egg, and movements of the emerging larva were evaluated.
RESULTS: On day 1 in the control group, blood circulation was recorded in all embryos, and movement was determined in 21.4%. With dose 1, the blood circulation in embryos was recorded at 37.5%, and movement was noted in 6.25%. With dose 2, blood circulation was detected in all embryos, while movement was noted in 46.6%. With dose 3, blood circulation was detected in all embryos, and movement was noted 18.75%. On day 8, only active movements of the larvae along the experimental hole were evaluated because all other parameters were recorded in 100% of the surviving embryos. The experiment on day 8 showed that in the control group, 37.5% of the initially taken living embryos actively move and develop satisfactorily with the addition of sodium nucleospermate at doses 50%, 81.25%, and 75%.
CONCLUSION: The highest survival rate of Danio rerio larvae was recorded after the addition of sodium nucleospermate to the medium at an average dose of 1.3 g/200 L (6.5 g/mL, or 0.0065% solution).
Counseling for recreational drug use among patients with chronic inflammatory skin disease: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Nosewicz Jacob , Ly Nathalie , Macklis Paul , Kaffenberger Benjamin H.
Published: July 2023

Multiple dermatologic diseases are associated with recreational drug use. Using a survey design, we approached patients with psoriasis, rosacea, and hidradenitis suppurativa to evaluate whether the patients had received counseling on drug use. In our sample, half of the patients with hidradenitis suppurativa were active smokers, and most had received smoking cessation counseling. Patients with psoriasis were also aware of an association with smoking yet not at the same rates as the hidradenitis suppurativa population. Future research is needed to corroborate this data in a larger sample, and to establish improved means to support lifestyle changes and interventions for dermatologic patients.
Determinants of virological failure in HIV1 infected patients followed in a third-level hospital Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
Authors: Pacome Monemo , Syndou Meite , Brittoh Mlan Alice , Flore Zaba , Jaures Yapi , Beda Monney , Jocelyne Abonou , Issa Dao , Hortense Faye­-Kette , Mireille Dosso
Published: July 2023

: Côte d'Ivoire has been committed to achieving the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets of People Living with HIV (PLHIV) follow-up since 2015. The proportion of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) was below the desired rates for 2020. The laboratory of the University Hospital Center (CHU) of Yopougon has been equipped with instruments capable of quantifying the plasma viral load (VL) of PLHIV on ART. This quantification allowed for early detection of virological failure in PLHIV. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of virological failure and the epidemiological, immunological and virological determinants of virological failure in patients followed at the Yopougon University Hospital in Abidjan.

: This was a retrospective study covering the period from January 1, 2015 to October 31, 2019. It was carried out on data related to blood samples (plasma) of PLHIV (infected with HIV-1) under ART for at least 6 months and who had quantified their viral load.

: A total of 52356 PLHIV were included in this study. The age group 40-50 years comprised the majority of the patients (46.7%) with a median age of 40 +/- 0.3 years. The female sex predominated with 72% and a sex ratio of (M/F) = 0.38. The TCD4 cell were between 500 and 350 cells/µL in 57.0% of patients at treatment initiation. The TDF+3TC+EFV treatment regimen was prescribed in the majority of patients (88.62%). The population of patients with virological failure (defined as VL ≥ 1000 copies/ml) was 12924 or a prevalence of 24.7%. The determinants of virological failure were age ≤ 15 years, male sex and CD4+ LT rate below 250 cells/µL (p <0.05).

: The virological failure rate was high especially in children and male subjects at the Yopougon University Hospital. It appears therefore important to act on these determinants, by additional efforts through concrete actions such as regular and systematic measurement of CV at the time of rapid change of treatments with effective combinations for this type of PLHIV. The goal is to achieve the objectives of the UNAIDS to eradicate HIV by 2030.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C virus infection in patients attending tertiary care hospital of southern Haryana, India
Authors: Behl Shreya
Published: July 2023

To find the seroprevalence of the Hepatitis C virus infection in the patients attending SHKM GMC, Nalhar.

: A retrospective study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, SHKM GMC, Nalhar. The samples were taken from 16th August 2021 to 20th July 2022. A total of 11,890 samples were taken for study and HCV infection was diagnosed using ELISA and Rapid card test.

: Out of 11,890 serum samples seroprevalence of HCV infection was found to be in 0.012% of the individuals.

It is concluded that Mewat has a low seroprevalence of HCV infection.
Cryptosporidiosis in HIV-seronegative patients: A case series
Authors: Sagar Drishti , Kaur Harpreet
Published: July 2023

Enteric infections by are a frequent cause of diarrhea among immunocompromised and HIV infected patients but there are limited reports of their occurrence in immunocompetent patients. Cryptosporidiosis is a faeco-orally transmitted protozoan infection and is one of the leading causes of chronic parasitic diarrhea. Here we report a case series of cryptosporidiosis from three different patients where two patients are immunocompetent and one is a post renal transplant case. All the patients came with watery diarrhea for which stool samples were collected and examined by modified Ziehl Neelsen acid fast staining (Kinyoun’s method). On microscopic examination of smear, multiple, pink, round to oval acid fast oocysts of 4-6µm diameter were seen against a blue background morphologically resembling . Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of antiparasitic drugs aids in timely treatment and prevention of disseminated cryptosporidiosis.
¿Qué historia enseñar y para qué? Historia, educación y formación ciudadana. Dos estudios de caso: Chile y España (2016-2017)
Authors: Ayala López José Fernando
Published: July 2023

Gonzalo Andrés García Fernández, ¿Qué historia enseñar y para qué? Historia, educación y formación ciudadana. Dos estudios de caso: Chile y España (2016-2017), Madrid, Marcial Pons, 2022, 307 pp., ISBN: 9788413813974.
Los reformadores protestantes y la industria farmacéutica estadunidenses, y la prohibición global de las drogas
Authors: Autrique Escobar Cecilia
Published: July 2023

Desde la perspectiva de historia global, el artículo analiza el papel de los reformadores morales protestantes y los empresarios farmacéuticos de Estados Unidos en la definición de las políticas de control de las drogas en las primeras décadas del siglo XX. El enfoque particular es sobre el reformador Richmond Hobson y el empresario Josiah K. Lilly, con el objetivo de estudiar la influencia que ambos sectores y personajes ejercieron en la construcción del sistema prohibicionista internacional de las drogas y en donde la semántica fue central.

Se concluye que la división del mercado de las drogas en lícitas e ilícitas después de la Gran Guerra ha generado grandes ventajas para el sector farmacéutico de países desarrollados, en detrimento del bienestar y de los derechos humanos de la mayor parte de la población del mundo.
Left-Headedness in Compounds of a Right-Headed Language
Authors: Ralli Angela
Published: July 2023

This article deals with left-headedness in compounding in some dialectal varieties of Greek, a language which is predominantly right-headed. On the basis of data stored in DComp, a dialectal database of the University of Patras containing 17,019 entries, I claim that left-headedness has resulted from the interplay of endogenous and exogenous factors. Given that left-headed compounds appear in the varieties which have been under a long-lasting Romance control, and since Romance languages are mainly left-headed, the exogenous contact factor is principally responsible for the presence of left-headedness, seen as a pattern-borrowing case, in the broad sense. Nevertheless, the phenomenon was not unknown in Ancient Greek compounding, although it applied to a much lesser extent than right-headedness. In line with the view that structural transfer is possible if there is some compatibility between languages in contact, I also assume that the old endogenous property of left-headedness has facilitated the transfer of left-headed formations from Romance to Greek.
“A River Runs Through It”: Crossing the Meuse in Batenburg (The Netherlands)
Authors: Versteegh Kees
Published: July 2023

The dialects spoken in the Dutch region Land van Maas en Waal, between the two rivers Meuse and Waal, are usually classified as a mixed dialect group exhibiting characteristics of the dialects of both Brabant and Gelderland. The perceptual map of the dialects paints a different picture as it shows a division between the speakers in the southern part of the region, who regard their dialect as more related to Brabant dialects, while speakers in the northern part feel more connected with the dialects spoken to the north of the Waal. The present paper attempts to explain this difference in perception by looking at the contacts the inhabitants of the small town of Batenburg had across the river. Materials used for this study include interviews with elderly people in Batenburg and data from the municipal archives.
500 Years of Past Be in East Anglia: A Variationist Investigation
Authors: Hernández-Campoy Juan Manuel , Britain David
Published: July 2023

As it is widely known, the verb to be, in its different tense, person and number forms, is the most frequently used verb in both written and oral English. Additionally, at least in Standard English, it is the most irregular verb, with many different forms. However, this degree of irregularity is not universal across the English-speaking world—more regularised patterns are found in a number of non-standard varieties. Despite much empirical investigation in the variationist literature on past BE, and despite the considerable corpus of work examining East Anglian English, especially by Peter Trudgill (e.g. 2021), there has, as yet, been no variationist investigations of past BE from the core heartland of linguistic East Anglia. In this paper, we try to address this by examining datasets from East Anglia that are half a millennium apart. We begin with a historical sociolinguistic study of past BE forms in the Late Middle English stages of the history of English by observing, detecting, quantifying and analysing their presence in one of the most important linguistic corpora of the period: the Internet electronic edition of the (East Anglian) Paston Letters from the Virginia University Electronic Text Center. We then, much nearer to the present-day, scrutinise a more contemporary corpus of East Anglian English for variable patterns of past BE, namely Peter Trudgill’s own corpus of sociolinguistic interviews from Norwich in the 1960s (see Trudgill, 1974). While the data are (understandably) of very different kinds, our analysis enables us to broaden our understanding of past BE variability, both diachronically and synchronically, by adding East Anglia to the map.
Historical Folk Sociolinguistics
Authors: Preston Dennis R.
Published: July 2023

This paper shows how the canonical definition of historical sociolinguistics as the study of language use fails to consider independent evidence for language attitudes, beliefs, and ideologies (i.e., language regard).[1] One approach to avoiding this limited understanding of use might lie in a historical folk sociolinguistics, in which particular attention is paid to the nonasserted (i.e., indirect, presuppositional, implicational, perlocutionary) meanings, described in Preston (2004) as “metalanguage 3.” Interactions in drama are first justified as “good data,” and analyses of such nonasserted elements of utterances show that they approach both the social psychological goal of uncovering implicit language regard behaviors and the variationist goal of determining the subjective correlates of variation and change.

 

[1] Language regard groups together social psychological (chiefly experimental, e.g., matched guise), anthropological (e.g., studies in language ideology), and sociolinguistic (e.g., folk linguistic and “third wave”) approaches to beliefs about and reactions to language use and language varieties. Preston (2018) reviews established and emerging relationships between these areas. The label is used throughout this paper to refer to all three areas as well as research methods derived from and combining them.
Exploración del efecto de la integración de herramientas con agentividad en ambientes de aprendizaje
Authors: Páez Rodríguez John Jairo
Published: July 2023

Uno de los aportes sociales de la ingeniería es el desarrollo de herramientas para el aprendizaje; desde la ingeniería; las herramientas son artefactos que se integran en entornos artificiales, naturales o mixtos para la solución de diversos problemas en educación. Los entornos o ambientes de aprendizaje integran las herramientas en función de necesidades cognitivas de los estudiantes. Dentro de los modelos propuestos está la teoría de la actividad, la cual establece una relación sociocognitiva entre sujetos, objetos de conocimiento y artefactos de mediación. Así, las trayectorias de aprendizaje están influenciadas por las posibilidades de mediación que tienen estas herramientas y sus efectos cognitivos y emocionales en los estudiantes durante el aprendizaje. Por lo anterior, las posibilidades de mediación están relacionadas con las tecnologías empleadas para el desarrollo de las herramientas, por ejemplo: mecánica, electrónica, automática, inteligencia artificial e inteligencia emocional. El documento presenta una exploración de la interacción entre estudiantes y herramientas desde las áreas de filosofía, ciencias cognitiva y pedagogía.
Multiobjective Optimization of Public Health Service Delivery Networks
Authors: Escobar John Wilmer , Giraldo Jorge Luis , Londono Diego Andrés , Linfati Rodrigo
Published: July 2023

Providing an effective health service as a state is equivalent to giving life. Health services, whose pillar is to optimize the supply chain with public policies based on equity, are equal to providing life. Identifying all the variables and characteristics of the services allows the development of a multiobjective model to represent a public health services network. A case of the National Public Network of Colombia has been analyzed, minimizing costs and contributing to the decision making process. In this paper, a multiobjective approach to optimize the National Public Network in Colombia has been proposed. The proposed scheme combines mathematical techniques with managerial aspects related to public network health. Thus, we identify the distribution of services by the municipality to minimize the total cost and maximize coverage. The opening of services is suggested according to the demanding complexity and transport of patients between institutions. The results contrast with the current hospital services of Valle del Cauca in Colombia. The proposed scheme results show a reduction in the transfer of patients with a minimum increase in the costs of hospital services. The service proposal is based on improving access and quality in the provision of services, avoiding du- plication of supply, and generating an impact on the sustainability of the network of Valle del Cauca.
Performance of a Series of Polishing Ponds in the Treatment of Sanitary Sewage
Authors: Sales de Magalhães Adriana Barbosa , Xavier Bastos Rafael Kopschitz , Sánchez Ortiz Iván Andrés , De Magalhães Marcos Alves
Published: July 2023

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the functioning of a system of polishing ponds on a pilot scale in the post-treatment of urban sewage discharged from an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor and followed by a submerged aerated filter. The following variables were analyzed: transparency, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, alkalinity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia (NH3), organic nitrogen, nitrate (N-NO3), total phosphorus (TP), orthophosphate (PO43-), total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophylla. In addition, the planktonic communities were also identified and quantified. During the study period, the pond system registered the following mean and standard deviation of the removal efficiencies: 32.9±31.7% of BOD, 26.5±33.9% of COD, and 29.0±49.6% of TSS; good performance was observed in the removal of nitrogen compounds, and the following results were obtained: 58.4±28.1%, 87.5±15.4%, 24.4±42.6%, and 9.4±51.8%, respectively for TKN, NH3, organic nitrogen, and N-NO3; and 26.9±25.8 of TP and 34.3±32.7% of PO4 3-. During the research period, the planktonic community was represented by the following classes: Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Cyanobacteria, Cryptophyceae, Zygnemaphyceae, Chrysophyceae, and Dinophyceae; concurrently, the zooplankton registered low densities and was represented by the Rotiferous, Copepod, and Cladocera groups. The results help us understand  the performance of polishing ponds in treating sanitary effluents.
Economical Evaluation of Cancer Types Using Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Compared to 3D Conformal Radiation Therapy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alipour Vahid , Rezapour Aziz , Adel Amin , Pourtaleb Arefeh , Bazrafshan Mitra , Mohammadi Mozhgan Sadat Ghaem , Jahangiri Reza
Published: July 2023

Background: Cancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide. Economic evaluation of cancer treatment to reduce costs can save the health care system millions of dollars while optimizing care. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to study the economic evaluation of cancer treatment using intermediate intensity radiation therapy (IMRT) compared to conventional 3D conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT).
Methods: Literatures from PubMed, Embase, Cochran Library, Google scholar, Scopus and Iranian databases were retrieved since Jan 2000 to Apr 2020 for eligible English studies. The quality of the studies was evaluated using Cheers' checklist and then the textual data were analyzed manually by content analysis method.
Results: Overall, 1790 articles were retrieved, of which 12 studies were reviewed. The article quality score ranged from 14.5 to 23 out of a maximum of 24 points. Eleven studies referred to cost-effectiveness analysis and one study referred to cost-utility analysis. Studies have been conducted in the United States, Canada, Australia, Brazil, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Hungary. IMRT appears to be a cost-effective treatment strategy for rectal cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and localized carcinoma of the pharynx, and for prostate cancer in terms of prolonging survival, but it is a cost-effective treatment strategy for head cancer. In addition, the neck was not in India's cancer control program.
Conclusion: The results can help to decide whether to use radiation therapy and radiotherapy in the standard treatment path. Furthermore, they underline that IMRT treatment technique was cost effective for a long-time care service.