bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconfiguring Early Christian ‘Faith’
Authors: Horrell David G.
Published: October 2016

Teresa Morgan’s Roman Faith and Christian Faith provides a major new study of the lexicon of ‘faith’ (pistis/fides) in the early Roman Empire. This review essay provides a summary of the book’s contents as well as a critical assessment. The book begins with study of uses of pistis and fides in Greek and Roman sources, in domestic and personal relations, in military and religious contexts. It then moves to the Septuagint, before turning to the New Testament, which is considered in detail. The early Christian sources are unusual in the prominence and weight they give to pistis, but their usage nonetheless fits within the wider social and cultural matrix, in which pistis and fides primarily express the notion of trust and express the importance of trust and fidelity in a wide range of social and religious relationships. In these early Christian sources there is a heavy focus on divine-human pistis, but this creates networks of trusting and trustworthiness that are crucial to the formation and cohesion of early Christian communities. Some critical questions may be raised – for example, concerning Morgan’s heavy focus on divine-human pistis, and her arguments against the early emergence of a titular usage of pistis to denote the early Christian movement – but overall this is an important study which should reconfigure our sense of early Christian (and especially Pauline) pistis, which is less about ‘belief’, whether salvific or propositional, and more about relationships of trust, which are the foundation of community.
Use of DNA barcoding to distinguish the malaria vector Anopheles neivai in Colombia
Authors: LÓPEZ-RUBIO ANDRÉS , SUAZA-VASCO JUAN , MARCET PAULA L , RUÍZ-MOLINA NATALIA , CÁCERES LORENZO , PORTER CHARLES , URIBE SANDRA
Published: October 2016

A reference 535 bp barcode sequence from a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI), acquired from specimens of An. neivai Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913 from its type locality in Panama, was used as a tool for distinguishing this species from others in the subgenus Kerteszia. Comparisons with corresponding regions of COI between An. neivai and other species in the subgenus (An. bellator Dyar & Knab 1906, An. homunculus Komp 1937, An cruzii Dyar & Knab, 1908 and An. laneanus Corrêa & Cerqueira, 1944) produced K2P genetic distances of 8.3–12.6%, values well above those associated with intraspecific variation. In contrast, genetic distances among 55 specimens from five municipalities in the Colombian Pacific coastal state of Chocó were all within the range of 0–2.5%, with an optimized barcode threshold of 1.3%, the limit for unambiguous differentiation of An. neivai. Among specimens from the Chocó region, 18 haplotypes were detected, two of which were widely distributed over the municipalities sampled. The barcode sequence permits discrimination of An. neivai from sympatric species and indicates genetic variability within the species; aspects key to malaria surveillance and control as well as defining geographic distribution and dispersion patterns.
Intraurban Temperature Variability in Baltimore
Authors: Scott Anna A. , Zaitchik Ben , Waugh Darryn W. , O’Meara Katie
Published: October 2016

How much does minimum daily air temperature vary within neighborhoods exhibiting high land surface temperature (LST), and does this variability affect agreement with the nearest weather station? To answer these questions, a low-cost sensor network of 135 “iButton” thermometers was deployed for summer 2015 in Baltimore, Maryland (a midsized American city with a temperate climate), focusing on an underserved area that exhibits high LST from satellite imagery. The sensors were evaluated against commercial and NOAA/NWS stations and showed good agreement for daily minimum temperatures. Variability within the study site was small: mean minimum daily temperatures have a spatial standard deviation of 0.9°C, much smaller than the same measure for satellite-derived LST. The sensor-measured temperatures agree well with the NWS weather station in downtown Baltimore, with a mean difference for all measurements in time and space of 0.00°C; this agreement with the station is not found to be correlated with any meteorological variables with the exception of radiation. Surface properties are found to be important in determining spatial variability: vegetated or green spaces are observed to be 0.5°C cooler than areas dominated by impervious surfaces, and the presence of green space is found to be a more significant predictor of temperature than surface properties such as elevation. Other surface properties—albedo, tree-canopy cover, and distance to the nearest park—are not found to correlate significantly with air temperatures.
Extraction of phase and group velocities from ambient surface noise in a patch-array configuration
Authors: Chmiel Malgorzata , Roux Philippe , Bardainne Thomas
Published: October 2016

We have investigated the use of ambient-noise data to extract phase and group velocities from surface-noise sources in a microseismic monitoring context. The data were continuously recorded on 44 patch arrays with an interpatch distance on the order of 1 km. Typically, a patch-array design consists of a few tens of patches, each containing 48 strings of 12 single-vertical-component geophones densely distributed within the patch area. The specificity of the patch-array design allows seismic analysis at two different scales. Within each patch, highly coherent signals at small distances provide phase information at high frequency (up to 10 Hz), from which surface-wave phase velocities can be extracted. Between the pairs of patches, surface-wave group-velocity maps can be built using correctly identified and localized surface-noise sources. The technique can be generalized to every patch pair using different noise sources identified at the surface. We note that the incoherent but localized noise sources accelerate the convergence of the noise-correlation functions. This opens the route to passive seismic monitoring of the near surface from repetitive inversion of phase- and group-velocity maps.
Insights from pressure transients at observation wells near hydraulically fractured wells in a domestic shale play
Authors: Griffith Chris , McClure Mark
Published: October 2016

We integrate microseismic data and pressure measurements at far-field observation wells to characterize the relationship between deformation and fluid flow during hydraulic fracturing and production in four horizontal wells in an unconventional shale play. The microseismicity qualitatively delineated, where injection fluid traveled during stimulation. However, there was one clear example of the Kaiser effect, in which a strong pressure signal propagated aseismically over hundreds of feet through fractures that had recently been stimulated around a neighboring well. Analysis suggested that poroelastic pressure changes caused by fracture deformation were minimal because of the high compressibility of the volatile oil formation fluid. Therefore, the pressure changes at the observations wells were likely caused by flow of the injection fluid. Based on this hypothesis, the pressure signals in the observation wells were roughly categorized based on whether the pressure response exceeded the magnitude of the minimum principal stress. The relationship between pressure and the minimum principal stress can be used to identify whether fluid traveled through newly forming hydraulic fractures or through stimulated natural fractures. However, the interpretation was significantly complicated by uncertainty in the magnitude of the stress caused by the prior depletion of the observation wells. In some observation wells, the pressure entered a gradual decline over time, indicating that significant long-term fluid production occurred in the neighborhood of the wellbore. But in the more distant observation wells and in depth intervals more vertically separated from the production wells, long-term depletion was not observed, indicating that significant reservoir depletion did not occur. These pressure gauges were sharply pressurized during stimulation, which implies that injection fluid reached these wells during fracturing, but proppant was not transported to the wells and the unpropped fractures subsequently closed and lost their conductivity.
Possible occurrences of transition zones and residual oil zones below oil-water contacts in mature oil fields, southeast Saskatchewan
Authors: Yang Chengyu , Qing Hairuo
Published: October 2016

A transition zone (TZ) from oil to water formed by capillary force beneath traditionally defined producing oil-water contact (OWC) has been well-known for years. Recent research and production activities in the Permian Basin and the Williston Basin in United States suggests that a residual oil zone (ROZ) may exist below traditionally defined OWC under certain geologic and hydrodynamic conditions. If this ROZ is sufficiently thick and extensive, it may be economically recoverable using tertiary recovery techniques. We have investigated possible occurrences of TZ/ROZ in the Williston Basin, southeast Saskatchewan, using well-log interpretation based on Archie’s equation. Out of 33 pools examined, we have evaluated three areas, the Bellegarde Tilston pool area, an unnamed Souris Valley pool, and the Rosebank Alida pool area, as possibly having thick (up to 47 m) low-oil-saturation TZ/ROZs below the OWCs. Evidence includes oil stains, core-based oil saturation, fluorescence on drill cuttings, and oil shows and sulfur water reported in drill stem tests. The oil in place within the possible TZ/ROZs is estimated to be approximately half the amount of the oil within their associated main pay zones. Tilted OWC and other findings may suggest that the identified oil-bearing zones are ROZs related to hydrodynamics. The hydrodynamic flows may also have created some other ROZs that still remain undiscovered.
The Functional and Clinical Significance of the 24-Hour Rhythm of Circulating Glucocorticoids
Authors: Oster Henrik , Challet Etienne , Ott Volker , Arvat Emanuela , de Kloet E. Ronald , Dijk Derk-Jan , Lightman Stafford , Vgontzas Alexandros , Van Cauter Eve
Published: October 2016

Adrenal glucocorticoids are major modulators of multiple functions, including energy metabolism, stress responses, immunity, and cognition. The endogenous secretion of glucocorticoids is normally characterized by a prominent and robust circadian (around 24 hours) oscillation, with a daily peak around the time of the habitual sleep-wake transition and minimal levels in the evening and early part of the night. It has long been recognized that this 24-hour rhythm partly reflects the activity of a master circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. In the past decade, secondary circadian clocks based on the same molecular machinery as the central master pacemaker were found in other brain areas as well as in most peripheral tissues, including the adrenal glands. Evidence is rapidly accumulating to indicate that misalignment between central and peripheral clocks has a host of adverse effects. The robust rhythm in circulating glucocorticoid levels has been recognized as a major internal synchronizer of the circadian system. The present review examines the scientific foundation of these novel advances and their implications for health and disease prevention and treatment.
Simple diagrammatic method to delineate male urethra in prostate cancer radiotherapy: an MRI based approach
Authors: Kataria Tejinder , Gupta Deepak , Goyal Shikha , Bisht Shyam S , Chaudhary Ravi , Narang Kushal , Banerjee Susovan , Basu Trinanjan , Abhishek Ashu , Sambasivam Sasikumar , Vishnu Nisha T
Published: October 2016

Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is being increasingly utilized in the treatment of prostate cancer. With the advent of high-precision radiosurgery systems, it is possible to obtain dose distributions akin to high-dose rate brachytherapy with SBRT. However, urethral toxicity has a significant impact on the quality of life in patients with prostate cancer. Contouring the male urethra on a CT scan is difficult in the absence of an indwelling catheter. In this pictorial essay, we have used the MRI obtained for radiotherapy planning to aid in the delineation of the male urethra and have attempted to define guidelines for the same.
Από την κοινοτική στην ιατρική διερμηνεία: η διεθνής εμπειρία και η ελληνική πραγματικότητα.
Authors: Dogoriti Eleftheria
Published: October 2016

Η κοινοτική και η ιατρική διερμηνεία έχοντας αναπτυχθεί και θεσμοθετηθεί σε κάποιες χώρες που έχουν δεχτεί οικονομικούς μετανάστες αλλά και πρόσφυγες, αποτελούν την πυξίδα για την οργάνωση και την ποιότητα παροχής υπηρεσιών διερμηνείας στις δημόσιες υπηρεσίες. Το παρόν πόνημα διερευνά μέσα από έρευνες που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί σε ευρωπαϊκές χώρες την ταυτότητα της κοινοτικής και της ιατρικής διερμηνείας με στόχο να αναδείξει τον κοινωνικό τους ρόλο, την ακαδημαϊκή και επαγγελματική τους υπόσταση, και προσπαθεί να κάνει μια πρώτη αποτίμηση της παροχής διερμηνείας σε υπηρεσίες υγείας στην Ελλάδα έχοντας ως μέσο σύγκρισης τη διεθνή πρακτική. Θα διαπιστωθεί ότι η έλλειψη καταρτισμένων ιατρικών διερμηνέων ισορροπείται από άτομα του οικείου περιβάλλοντος των αλλοδαπών ασθενών τα οποία λειτουργούν ως διαπολιτισμικοί μεσολαβητές, ενώ οι επαγγελματίες στο χώρο της υγείας αγνοούν βασικές αρχές ιατρικής διερμηνείας και προσπαθούν να ανταποκριθούν στα
καθήκοντά τους στηριζόμενοι στην διαπολιτισμική μεσολάβηση των διερμηνέων.
A context-based approach to community interpreting. Perceptions and expectations about professional practice in the Spanish context.
Authors: Ciordia Leticia Santamaría
Published: October 2016

The paper provides an overview of the evolution of the community interpreter’s profile in the direction of a more inclusive, participatory role were the effectiveness of the message and success of the communication rely on the basis of cooperation, empathy and mediation skills. On the basis of an
empirical study carried out in medical and legal settings, this paper reflects on the perceptions and expectations among both service providers and interpreting practitioners about the interpreter’s role, and the competences and the degree of involvement that should be expected as a result. The findings suggest that a gap seems to exist between real-life practices and standards of behaviour on paper, which are so limiting that they oblige the interpreter to ‘step out’ of the normative role. A correlation also seems to exist between the interpreter’s attitudes and the level of professionalization of community interpreting; in this sense, attention will be payed to the impact that current lack of regularisation in countries such Spain has on the interpreter’s performance. Finally, the author
singles out clients´ expectations and the nature of the interpreted encounter as key paradigms in determining the interpreter’s involvement, and concludes that it is not an entirely free choice on the part of the interpreter, but also and significantly a reaction to the expectations of the clients about which role is considered appropriate in a given setting.
Comparing the Court and Medical Interpreters in the USA: the certification process.
Authors: Zervaki Thei
Published: October 2016

The scope of the paper is to provide information on the current Court and Medical Interpreting certification process in the USA. It includes information on the administrative aspects of certification for both Courts and Healthcare institutions. In the United States of America, the term Community Interpreting is not commonly used. There are two major types of interpretation: Court and Medical. The first is offered in US State and Federal courts to all LEP clients; the second is offered to the Healthcare Institutions as hospitals, healthcare
centers and clinics to name a few. As the space is limited for this authoring, the paper won’t include data and statistics from different states that showcase and document success and failure rates of the certification examinations. This
may well be the topic of a different paper. This paper does not include information on the Court Interpreting for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.
System Model of Long-Term Technical and Economic Development
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena
Published: October 2016

The results of the research of dissemination of technical and economic paradigms

in developed economies are given. A system model of long-term technical and

economic development is developed. The model assumes the simultaneous

existence in the economy of several subsystems of different technical and

economic paradigms. Each techno-economic paradigm is a new stage

of development and different from the previous paradigm of higher productivity.

Each subsequent industrial techno-economic paradigm provides higher

productivity due to higher capital intensity and energy intensity of production.

In the post-industrial techno-economic paradigms the higher performance

is provided at a lower capital intensity and energy intensity of production due

to a higher volume of information used. Beginning, transition to domination, the

beginning of the withering away of each paradigm is accompanied by the

formation of an upward half-wave of Kondratieff cycle. Econometric models

of Kondratieff cycles and econometric models of real GDP per capita is obtained,

provided technical and economic paradigms in developed countries. The fourth

techno-economic paradigm provides the real per capita GDP value from 1929

to 3258 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990. The fifth techno-economic paradigm provides

a real GDP per capita value of 11,606 to 12,883 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990. The

sixth techno-economic paradigm provides a real GDP per capita value of 22 360

to 28 385 dollars Gehry-Hemis 1990.
Innovations in the Economy and Dynamics of Spatial Development
Authors: Гагарина  , Gagarina Galina , Архипова  , Arkhipova Lidiya
Published: October 2016

The article considers the tendencies of development of economic territory of the

Russian Federation, the role of regional policy in improving of its effectiveness.

The focus is on the modern differentiation of space, the continuing trend of growth

of large cities in the main socio-economic indicators of subjects, insufficient

number of cities and regions where there is economic growth. The main trends

and the role of regional policy in improving the economic space and achieve its

strategic objectives are analyzed. One of the most important tasks of regional

policy is to reduce the polarization in terms of socio-economic development

between urban and rural areas and, as a consequence, reduce the role of rural

and peripheral regions.

The article emphasizes the role of the adopted strategy of sustainable development

of rural territories of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 in the

spatial development and infrastructure maintenance in accordance with the spatial

planning and deployment of the productive forces.

Among the variety of instruments improving the economic area the most

important is an essential change of inter-budgetary relations between the regions

and the federal center. The continued redistribution of income in favor of the

Centre does not create even a prerequisite to stimulate the development of any

initiative by the regions or by municipalities.

As a result, it is noticed, that regional policy as a tool of transformation of Russian

economic space at the moment, has not used its resources to reduce the

polarization of the territory, reducing the disparities between cities on the one

hand, and urban and rural graying, on the other.
The Productivity of Technological Modes in Economy of Spain
Authors: Аверина  , Averina Tatyana , Левкина  , Levkina Nataliya
Published: October 2016

The article presents the results of the analysis of technological modes` productivity in Spain. The modeling of Kondratieff waves allowed to determine the dates of the origin, dominance and withering away of technological modes. The modeling of technological modes` productivity allowed determining the productivity of relict and modern technological modes in the economy of Spain. The results showed that the productivity of relict modes in Spain`s economy is 1765 Gehry-Hemis dollars 1990. The maximum productivity of the fifth mode in the economy of Spain is 10 447 Gehry-Hemis dollars of 1990. The maximum productivity of the sixth mode in the economy of Spain is 24 524 Gehry-Hemis dollars 1990. The results of the research may be used in order to evaluate the productivity of modern technological modes in Russian economy.
Evaluation of the Competitive Potential of Agrarian Areas
Authors: Касаикина  , Kasaikina K. , Макекадырова  , Makekadyrova A. , Зинчук  , Zinchuk G. , Правкин  , Pravkin I.
Published: October 2016

The article suggests a method of evaluation of competitive potential of agricultural areas in Russia, presents the results of calculations by the example of the Republic of Mordovia. On the basis of calculations grouping of agricultural areas at the level of municipalities is carried out and development priorities for each selected group is identified.
Intellectual Property Norms in Online Communities: How User-Organized Intellectual Property Regulation Supports Innovation
Authors: Bauer Julia , Franke Nikolaus , Tuertscher Philipp
Published: October 2016

In many online communities, users reveal innovative and potentially valuable intellectual property (IP) under conditions that entail the risk of theft and imitation. When there is rivalry and formal IP law is not effective, this could lead to underinvestment or withholding of IP, unless user-organized norms compensate for these shortcomings. This study is the first to explore the characteristics and functioning of such a norms-based IP system in the setting of anonymous, large-scale, and loose-knit online communities. To do so, we use data on the Threadless crowdsourcing community obtained through netnography, a survey, and a field experiment. On this basis, we identify an integrated system of well-established norms that regulate the use of IP within this community. We analyze the system’s characteristics and functioning, and we find that the “legal certainty” it provides is conducive to cooperation, cumulative effects, and innovation. We generalize our findings from the case by developing propositions aimed to spark further research. These propositions focus on similarities and differences between norms-based IP systems in online and off-line settings, and the conditions that determine the existence of norms-based IP systems as well as their form and effectiveness in online communities. In this way, we contribute to the literatures on norms-based IP systems and online communities and offer advice for the management of crowdsourcing communities.
National Nursery Rhyme Week
Authors: Neville Sarah
Published: October 2016

The government has asked settings to promote British values; these lend themselves to activities that extend from the rhymes that have been passed down through the ages.
The challenge we offer
Authors: Martland Rebecca
Published: October 2016

The concept of Forest School has become familiar to those working in nurseries, but how can childminders exploit the opportunities for healthy risk inherent outdoors?
Taking note of others
Authors: Webb Penny
Published: October 2016

Research? Observation? The thoughts of others in the sector? Which should we take notice of when we are reflecting on our own practice and knowledge ahead of making changes?
Let's reflect on our reflections
Authors: Garner Lynne
Published: October 2016

Mirrors are everywhere in the modern world, and we are never short of something that will ‘show’ us ourselves, but for very young children, this twin image can appear magical.
Research roundup: October 2016
Authors: Brook Judy , Seal Joanne , Thurtle Val
Published: October 2016

In this section, a range of brief synopses of recently published articles that may be of interest to health visitors is presented. The aim of this roundup is to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary, of the research papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Minor injuries and ailments. 10: Non-contagious rashes
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: October 2016

It is normal for babies to develop rashes from as early as a few days old, as they have sensitive skin and are learning to adapt to a different environment. Most rashes are harmless and go away on their own ( NHS Choices, 2016a ), but some can be signs of serious illness and require referral for specialist advice. This article will focus on managing and treating skin rashes in children at home; when parents should be advised to attend A&E; and when to call an ambulance.
More than just a chat: Bringing service user involvement to an online community of practice
Authors: Potter Barbara , Kendall Sally , Calvert Helen
Published: October 2016

The Department of Health (DH) advocates communities of practice (CoPs) as a key vehicle for delivering service transformation ( DH, 2011 ). In 2012, a health visitors' online community of practice ( Kendall and Ikioda, 2014 ) extended the concept through a web-supported platform. A recent development involved a closed Facebook group to bring a group of health visitors and service users together through a series of online ‘chats’, aimed at learning more about the service user perspective of receiving an evidence-based service. This article explores the experience of service user involvement in the interpretation of research-based practice, drawing on the narratives of both groups, and considers the impact this could have on service delivery.
A history of baby-led weaning: The evolution of complementary feeding trends
Authors: Jones Sara
Published: October 2016

Supporting parents with complementary feeding is part of the health visitor's role. Today, parents are influenced not only by official guidance and health professionals' advice but also by the internet, friends and family. This article explores the evolution of complementary feeding trends since the 18th century and the current social context of complementary feeding, in particular the growing popularity of baby-led weaning. It aims to provide health visitors with an overview of the historical background of complementary feeding, to enhance understanding of the development of feeding trends.
Time and professional judgements are key
Authors: Cowley Dame Sarah
Published: October 2016

Dame Sarah reflects on the variety of guidance across the UK about how health visiting services should be delivered. Research suggests professional judgement is most important, but implementing clinical decisions needs time.
Super powerful!
Authors: Williams Brenda
Published: October 2016

Brenda Williams' poem unites two of children's most popular themes, dinosaurs and super-heroes. Putting them together takes super powers up to a new level which children will want to emulate!
Good morning!
Authors: Harries Judith
Published: October 2016

Understanding times of the day are important for children to assimilate routines. Start with a focus on the morning and all the routines it involves, including eating breakfast and brushing teeth.
Light up the sky
Authors: Williams Kate
Published: October 2016

Use the theme of fireworks to fuel your children's creative output, with activities nurturing language, body awareness, finger control, colour and shape recognition – and their innate artistic talents.
Walk and talk
Authors: White Hilary
Published: October 2016

Use these activities linked to the popular picture book Rosie's Walk to help children explore the use of preposition words and practise using them. It all starts with a walk around a farm..
Feel the knead
Authors: Doyle Phoebe
Published: October 2016

Making bread delivers the feel good factor, and provides children with opportunities to test their fine and gross motor skills. Giving them ownership over what they have produced will add to the excitement.
What Katie did
Authors: Hewson Claire
Published: October 2016

Use Katie Morag's adventures to engage children with a role play post office and provide opportunities for emergent writing by providing post cards, parcel tags and envelopes.
Long hours and low pay are forcing young teachers to quit
Authors: Henshaw Pete
Published: October 2016

Concerns raised over lack of experienced teachers as high workload, low pay and too little CPD are blamed for high rates of burn-out
Lifestyle in children and adolescents with obesity: results of the survey of patients and their parents
Authors: Vitebskaya Alisa V. , Pisareva Elena A. , Popovich Anastasia V.
Published: October 2016

Introduction. Growth of obesity prevalence in children and adolescents is a serious problem of modern medicine. To learn characteristics of patient’s behaviour, their dietary preference, feeding time and physical loads one can use specialized questionnaires.Aim. Evaluation of lifestyle, physical activity, dietary regimen and consumption of some meals according to results of questioning childrenand adolescents with obesity and their parents.Materials and methods. Hundreds of children and adolescents with obesity 10–17 years and their parents answered the questionnaire onage of obesity onset, its causes, physical activity and nutrition.Results and conclusion. Obesity develops more often at the age of 7–10 years. The most commonly insufficient physical activity and heredity. Specific characteristics of sedentary lifestyle and impared dietary regimen were identified. Comparison of patients’ and parents’ answers allowed to demonsrate the differense in attitude to the problem of obesity and to diminish the influence of not transparant answers on the results of investigation.
Genetic predictors of obesity development
Authors: Borodina Svetlana V. , Gapparova Kamila M. , Zainudiniv Zainudin M. , Grigorian Olga N.
Published: October 2016

The most common reasons that cause obesity are eating disorders (overeating), genetic predisposition, sedentary lifestyle (lack of exercise), disorders of the endocrine system, and environmental factors. There is evidence of an obvious relationship of high consumption of sugary drinks and weight gain. Since 1990, there has been considerable growth in the number of obese people in the first place associated with the promotion of soft drinks. According to a study in Finnish diabetes prevention average physical activity and change of diet (1200-1800 kcal) of total fat intake with less than 30% saturated fat, including less than 10%, leading to long-term loss of excess weight (within 4 years). Many studies have demonstrated the impossibility of a single template approach to the determination of optimal diets for patients with overweight and obesity which has been shown in various studies on gene polymorphisms are associated with obesity, and their interaction. This article provides an overview of current data on the genetics of obesity covering the main provisions of the study of candidate genes, such as PPARG, FABP2, ADRB 2, ADRB3. The role nutrigenetics in the creation of individual programs of weight control and weight loss. But the question of the direct role of genetic factors in the development of obesity remains controversial, since one can not ignore the impact of environmental factors, such as lifestyle, diet, physical activity, stress, and harmful habits. To understand the mechanism of the relationship between genetic factors, environmental factors, and obesity, one needs to carry out research not only on the population level, but also in certain groups of people (ethnic, racial, age).
Violation regulation of financial services authority (FSA), financial performance, and corporate social responsibility disclosure
Authors: Shahib Habib Muhammad , Irwandi Soni Agus
Published: October 2016

So far, there has been a bureaucracy reform and implementation of new regulations for good governance capital markets. However, policy violations are still frequent. For example, cases of violation of financial regulations leading to fraudulent financial reporting occurred in several companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study aims to examine the empirical facts related to the legitimacy theory with-in the scope of violation of financial regulation, financial performance and social responsibility disclosure of non-financial companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. There were 24 non-financial violator-companies of financial regulation chosen as the sample. These data, in relation to the research hypotheses, were analyzed by using a path analysis test. The result showed there were no significant effect of the violations of financial regulations on financial performance and the level of corporate social responsibility disclosure. Therefore, this study confirms legitimacy theory in different forms.
Cultural issues in Syrian EFL classrooms
Authors: Ulum Ömer Gökhan
Published: October 2016

Whether we should teach culture or not when we teach English as a Foreign Language has been great concern for a long time. Which one should be contained in EFL course books? The culture of the target language or the own culture of EFL learners? Regarding this issue, many researchers have a diversity of opinions, however; this study was conducted having resource to descriptive research design, in that it aims to understand the perspectives of the Syrian EFL students on cultural elements in their course books. A questionnaire and an interview,which were administered to 103 Syrian EFL students,were used in order to gather the required data. SPSS(v20.0), aStatistical Program for Social Sciences was employed in order to analyze the collected data. As a result of the findings, it was found out that Syrian EFL students had generally positive perspectives on the cultural elements of the target language contained in their course books
„Leading practice publication“ ako teoretický návod, heuristický projekt, aj praktické majstrovstvo
Authors: Klimková Andrea
Published: October 2016

Review of the publication: Kapitulčinová D. - Dlouhá, J. - Ryan, A. et al. (eds.) (2015). Leading practice publication. Professional development of university educators on Educationfor Sustainable Development in European countries. ISBN: 978-80-87076-22-4. Available online at http://www.ue4sd.eu/images/2015/UE4SD-Leading-Practice-PublicationBG.pdf
Děti jsou málo venku, myslí si čeští rodiče
Authors: Hrubošová Petra , Přerovská Jitka
Published: October 2016

An extensive research called “Czech Children Outdoors” carried out with a representative sample of 1,515 Czech children and the same number of their parents was done by the Karel Komárek Proměny Foundation. This survey was the first of a kind in the Czech Republic and shows that a typical Czech pupil spends, on average, 1 hour and 41 minutes outdoors on a week day and 2 hours and 49 minutes on a weekend day. Altogether, an average child spends about 14 hours a week outdoors.
Side effects of retinoid therapy on the quality of vision
Authors: Bergler-Czop Beata , Bilewicz-Stebel Monika , Stańkowska Anna , Bilewicz-Wyrozumska Teresa
Published: October 2016

Retinoids are compounds chemically related to vitamin A, which are frequently used in dermatological practice (1). They are characterized by numerous mechanisms of action leading to normalization of keratinocyte proliferation and maturation. They have anti-seborrhoeic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects (1, 2). A number of side effects to retinoid treatment have been recorded; one group of such side effects relates to eyes and vision. Dry eye syndrome and blepharoconjunctivitis are the most common side effects, appearing in 20-50 % of patients treated with retinoids. They often contribute to the occurrence of other side-effects such as eye discomfort and contact lens intolerance. Due to the widespread use in clinical practice, the adverse effects, including ocular side effects, should be studied. To confirm the variety of adverse effects of retinoids, several case reports of rare side-effects are presented.
Workplace noise exposure and serum testosterone in men enrolled in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Dzhambov Angel M.
Published: October 2016

There is compelling evidence from animal experiments that noise exposure suppresses testosterone in males by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Virtually nothing is known about its effect in humans. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the association between occupational noise exposure and serum testosterone in a representative sample of the general population. The sample has been taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for the period between 1999 and 2004 and is limited to employed men aged 16-85+ years at the time. The associations between noise exposure (either established according to the Occupational Information Network - O*NET categories or self-reported) and total and free testosterone (TT and FT, respectively) were analysed using linear regression models with increasing adjustments. In the fully adjusted model (n=414), the third quartile of the O*NET noise exposure was associated with lower TT and FT, which reached statistically significant decrease of -58.32 ng dL-1 (95 % CI: -111.22, -5.42) and -1.58 ng dL-1 (95 % CI: -2.98, -0.18), respectively. In stratified analyses, younger, lower income, normal weight, better hearing, and workers not using hearing protection at work experienced significantly more severe adverse effects than the rest. The odds for hypogonadism (TT<300 ng dL-1) did not significantly rise with one interquartile range increment in O*NET noise exposure (OR=1.24, 95 % CI: 0.64, 2.39). Self-reported loud noise exposure did not significantly decrease TT when all men were considered (n=214) and only in the men ≥37 years did it decrease TT significantly by -87.55 ng dL-1 (95 % CI: -158.35, -16.74). In conclusion, noise exposure was associated with lower TT and FT only in some population subgroups and these associations were non-linear.
Using a Software Tool in Forecasting: a Case Study
of Sales Forecasting Taking into Account Data
Uncertainty
Authors: Fabianová Jana , Kačmáry Peter , Molnár Vieroslav , Michalik Peter
Published: October 2016

Forecasting is one of the logistics activities and
a sales forecast is the starting point for the elaboration
of business plans. Forecast accuracy affects the business
outcomes and ultimately may significantly affect the economic
stability of the company. The accuracy of the prediction
depends on the suitability of the use of forecasting
methods, experience, quality of input data, time period
and other factors. The input data are usually not deterministic
but they are often of random nature. They are
affected by uncertainties of the market environment, and
many other factors. Taking into account the input data uncertainty,
the forecast error can by reduced. This article
deals with the use of the software tool for incorporating
data uncertainty into forecasting. Proposals are presented
of a forecasting approach and simulation of the impact of
uncertain input parameters to the target forecasted value
by this case study model. The statistical analysis and risk
analysis of the forecast results is carried out including sensitivity
analysis and variables impact analysis.
Effects of a Single Intramuscular Injection of Vitamin K on the Hematology, Serum Biochemistry and Coagulation Parameters in Healthy Adult Dairy Cows
Authors: Ismail Zuhair Bani , Alekish Myassar O. , Awawdeh Mofleh S. , Olymat Issa
Published: October 2016

Vitamin K1 is commonly administered to dairy cattle suffering from uncontrollable hemorrhage and to cattle with known deficiency of vitamin K dependent coagulation factors. However, a review of recent literature concludes the absence of available information regarding the safety and effects of this drug in dairy cattle. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the safety and effects of a single intramuscular injection of vitamin K1 (2.5 mg/kg) on various clinical, hematological, serum biochemical and coagulation parameters in adult Holstein dairy cows. Six adult Holstein dairy cows were injected a single intramuscular dose of vitamin K1. Cows were then clinically monitored for 24 hours after drug administration for any abnormal behavioral activities. The heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and rumen motility were also reported before and at each follow-up check point after administration of the drug. Whole blood samples were collected before and again at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes and at 24 hours after drug administration. Hematology and serum biochemistry parameters were evaluated to detect any systemic effects. Selected coagulation parameters including the activated partial thromboplastine time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), D-dimers, platelets count, and fibrinogen concentrations were determined to evaluate the effect of the drug on coagulation mechanisms. There were no abnormal clinical, pathological, or behavioral activities associated with the drug administration in all cows. In the coagulation profile, there was a significant increase in platelets counts starting from 15 minutes after administration and throughout the observation period. Other coagulation parameters were not significantly changed.
The Situational Structure of Primate Beliefs
Authors: Cheng Tony
Published: October 2016

This paper develops the situational model of primate beliefs from the Prior-Lurz line of thought. There is a strong skepticism concerning primate beliefs in the analytic tradition which holds that beliefs have to be propositional and non-human animals do not have them (e.g., Davidson 1975, 1982). The response offered in this paper is twofold. First, two arguments against the propositional model as applied to other animals are put forward: an a priori argument from referential opacity and an empirical argument from varieties of working memory. Second, the Prior-Lurz situational model based on state of affairs as opposed to propositions is introduced and defended with two significant modifications. With this model of primate beliefs we can make progress in understanding how other primates can have certain mindreading capacity.
Preparation, characterization and rheological behavior of chitosan nanocapsule emulsion encapsulated tuberose fragrance
Authors: Xiao Zuobing , Wang Erqin , Zhu Guangyong , Zhou Rujun , Niu Yunwei
Published: October 2016

In this paper, ionic gelation method was adopted to produce nanocapsules (CNs) encapsulated tuberose fragrance with chitosan (CS) and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as wall materials. The effects of CS/TPP mass ratio, pH value of CS solution, molecular mass of CS and tuberose fragrance (TF) concentration on particle size and particle size distribution (PDI) of chitosan nanocapsules encapsulated tuberose fragrance (CNTs) were investigated systematically. CNTs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that CNTs were successfully prepared. The optimum preparation conditions were as follows: CS/TPP mass ratio 5:1, pH of CS solution 4.0, and molecular mass of CS 150 kda. CNTs emulsions were also systematically investigated by steady-state shear and oscillatory shear measurements respectively. The rheological behaviors of CNTs were obtained.
Predicting the Performance of Parsing with Referential Translation Machines
Authors: Biçici Ergun
Published: October 2016

Referential translation machine (RTM) is a prediction engine used for predicting the performance of natural language processing tasks including parsing, machine translation, and semantic similarity pioneering language, task, and domain independence. RTM results for predicting the performance of parsing (PPP) in out-of-domain or in-domain settings with different training sets and types of features present results independent of language or parser. RTM PPP models can be used without parsing using only text input and without any parser or language dependent information. Our results detail prediction performance, top selected features, and lower bound on the prediction error of PPP.
Qualitative: Python Tool for MT Quality Estimation Supporting Server Mode and Hybrid MT
Authors: Avramidis Eleftherios
Published: October 2016

We are presenting the development contributions of the last two years to our Python opensource Quality Estimation tool, a tool that can function in both experiment-mode and online web-service mode. The latest version provides a new MT interface, which communicates with SMT and rule-based translation engines and supports on-the-fly sentence selection. Additionally, we present an improved Machine Learning interface allowing more efficient communication with several state-of-the-art toolkits. Additions also include a more informative training process, a Python re-implementation of QuEst baseline features, a new LM toolkit integration, an additional PCFG parser and alignments of syntactic nodes.
Otedama: Fast Rule-Based Pre-Ordering for Machine Translation
Authors: Hitschler Julian , Jehl Laura , Karimova Sariya , Ohta Mayumi , Körner Benjamin , Riezler Stefan
Published: October 2016

We present Otedama, a fast, open-source tool for rule-based syntactic pre-ordering, a well established technique in statistical machine translation. Otedama implements both a learner for pre-ordering rules, as well as a component for applying these rules to parsed sentences. Our system is compatible with several external parsers and capable of accommodating many source and all target languages in any machine translation paradigm which uses parallel training data. We demonstrate improvements on a patent translation task over a state-of-the-art English-Japanese hierarchical phrase-based machine translation system. We compare Otedama with an existing syntax-based pre-ordering system, showing comparable translation performance at a runtime speedup of a factor of 4.5-10.
FaDA: Fast Document Aligner using Word Embedding
Authors: Lohar Pintu , Ganguly Debasis , Afli Haithem , Way Andy , Jones Gareth J.F.
Published: October 2016

FaDA is a free/open-source tool for aligning multilingual documents. It employs a novel crosslingual information retrieval (CLIR)-based document-alignment algorithm involving the distances between embedded word vectors in combination with the word overlap between the source-language and the target-language documents. In this approach, we initially construct a pseudo-query from a source-language document. We then represent the target-language documents and the pseudo-query as word vectors to find the average similarity measure between them. This word vector-based similarity measure is then combined with the term overlap-based similarity. Our initial experiments show that s standard Statistical Machine Translation (SMT)- based approach is outperformed by our CLIR-based approach in finding the correct alignment pairs. In addition to this, subsequent experiments with the word vector-based method show further improvements in the performance of the system.