bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal protection against women from domestic violence in the Baubau City
Authors: Gurusi La , Nurcahyo Edy
Published: July 2021

The fenomenon of domestic violence, especially against women, becomes a serious social problem. Law enforcement is required in order to eliminate domestic violence. The purpose of this study is to find out how the form of legal protection against women as victims of violence in households and to know what factors affect the occurrence of violence in the household. This research method using normative law research method. The data used is secondary data from the Baubau city resort police in 2017. Data were analysis using qualitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that the form of legal protection against women as victims of violence in households is the protection of preventive and repressive law. In two forms of legal protection, preventive law protection is more dominant than repressive.
Implementation of the recognition and respect of the Dayak Iban Semunying customary law community in human rights and SDGs
Authors: Christmas Sandy Kurnia , Muhajir Ichsan , Wicaksono Imam
Published: July 2021

Weak implementation of the recognition and respect for Indigenous Peoples of Iban Semunying be problems related to their discriminatory practices in running a government policy. Why is the implementation of the recognition and respect for the Indigenous People of  Dayak Iban Semunying still weak and how the principles of human rights and the Sustainable Development Goals are the two issues raised in this article. In this study it aims to find out what are the things that form the basis of the weak protection of indigenous peoples. The results of this study are expected to provide insight into the protection of the rights of indigenous peoples with a perspective of sustainable development goals.
The dynamics of government policy in handling Corona Virus Disease 2019
Authors: Ismail Nurwita
Published: July 2021

The implementation of PSBB or Lockdown still pay attention to the effects caused in the community. Making a regulation is not providing solutions but how to implement existing regulations. With the restrictions on community activities which basically will affect the financial factors. The government is not only thinking about how the country's economic problems the presence of the government is able to embrace all aspirations and give priority to the rights of its citizens. This research method uses a normative research approach. The data used are secondary data from Literature, Journals, and Others related to the Topic. Data analysis using qualitative analysis. The results of this study conclude that the implementation of policies illustrates how the existence of regulations clearly established by policy makers (government) that have certain impacts by taking into account the details of the program specifications, namely how and where the institution or organization should run the program, and how the law or program is interpreted . The government must think carefully about how resources are allocated, how budgets can be distributed, and who are the personnel responsible and implementing the program that should be clearly stated in a decision to be made by the government in its policies. If a variety of policies carried out by the government must be adjusted to the provisions of existing legislation so as not to cause the blurring of norms.
Settlement of indonesian human rights violations in the past through restorative justice approaches
Authors: Rosnida Rosnida
Published: July 2021

This paper aimed to identify and analyze the resolution of past gross human rights violations in Indonesia through a restorative justice approach. The type of research used is normative legal research, using a juridical approach, the type of data used is secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials, data analysis used is qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the research, it is concluded that so far the Attorney General has not been proactive in looking for various legal facts that can support the evidence previously presented by Komnas HAM. The Attorney General in cases of gross human rights violations tends to be passive, even though the law instructs him to carry out an investigation as soon as possible after he receives a file from Komnas HAM. So far, Komnas HAM has completed the investigation results files and submitted them to the Attorney General to be followed up in the investigation process. However, the current problem is that the Attorney General's authority in conducting investigations has never been optimal, because it is influenced by various factors, the role of legal instruments; laws and regulations with human resources capacity as well as supporting facilities and facilities, unable to resolve past cases of gross human rights violations, the restorative justice approach is a paradigm that can be used as a framework for resolving cases of past gross human rights violations that aim to address dissatisfaction with the operation of the current human rights justice system.
Trash management policy based on participation of the society
Authors: Dewi Indah Kusuma
Published: July 2021

The trash problem that is currently happening certainly requires special handling by both the government and the community. If the trash management is not in accordance with the methods and techniques of trash management that are environmentally sound, it is feared that it will get negative impacts such as a decrease in the quality of the environment which will also have an impact on public health. The purpose of this study was to determine how to identify trash management problems in Napa Village, Mawasangka District, Central Buton Regency and to find out how the concept of trash management in Napa Village, Mawasngka District, Central Buton Regency. This type of research is empirical juridical research. The results showed the identification of trash management problems in Napa Village including identification of trash problems in Napa Village, concept of 3 (three) R trash and trash processing methods in Napa Village. The concept of regulating trash management in Napa Village, namely analysis of laws and regulations on trash, philosophical studies of trash in Napa Village, juridical studies of trash in Napa Village, sociological studies of trash in Napa Village, study of direction and scope of trash management arrangements in Napa Village , Academic Manuscripts of Village Regulations on Trash Management in Napa Village and Draft Village Regulations on Trash Management in Napa Village.
The Requirements for Replacement of Elected Legislative Candidates for Election Based on Democratic Principles
Authors: Haedar Muhammad Iqbal Maulana
Published: July 2021

The research  method used  is  Normative Juridical    with a form of  data  collection by  observation  and  documentation. This research aims to be able to know and analyze how the application of democratic principles and legal implications in the implementation of replacement of elected legislative candidates. The results of the study showed that there are differences in interpretation of the authority in terms of replacement of prospective legislative members elected. Political parties consider themselves to have absolute authority, while based on its rules the KPU should have that authority. Regarding the legal implications of the candidates of elected legislators who are dismissed by his party of course make the elected candidates in question are not appointed as members of the legislature and also give rise to biased legal certainty. Whereas in the legal process has been found the results of a final and binding ruling from the Makassar State Administrative Court.
Setting The Principles of Democracy in The Appointment of A Single Candidate Spouse of Regional Heads
Authors: Nur Rahmat
Published: July 2021

This research aims to analyzethe regulation of democratic principles in filling the position of regional head in single candidatepai. This study uses normative juridical research by conducting legal analysis  of legislation related to the filling of local government positions and legal issues related to the Decision of the Constitutional Court No. 100/PUU-XIII/2015 on the constitutional requirements of regional head elections (candidates' spouses). The results showed the regulation of democratic principles in filling the position of regional head in the case of a single candidate pair can use two mechanisms,  namely using the electoral mechanism (Basedon  Law No. 10 of 2016 as a follow-up to the Decision of Mk  No. 100/PUU-XIII/2015) or the mechanism of appointment,  as long as the appointment is done by  officials who have been directly elected. Furthermore, the arrangement of the mechanism of appointing a single candidate of regional head in Indonesia can follow what has been implemented in the United States that implements uncontested elections if after the nomination period ends still produces only one candidate, then the candidate's spouse is immediately considered valid as the spouse of the elected candidate and can be legally appointed as the head of the new period. Filling the position of regional head that there is only 1 (one) candidate pair is using the mechanism of appointment, while if there are 2 (two) pairs of candidates or more still use the election mechanism.
Coleta de dados sobre o usuário do produto de vestuário: identificação de técnicas e ferramentas
Authors: Makara Elen , Merino Giselle S. A. D.
Published: July 2021

O processo de desenvolvimento de produto de vestuário requer a realização de diferentes pesquisas a respeito do produto, do contexto de uso e do usuário. Assim, no decorrer do processo, destaca-se a grande quantidade de informações, porém pesquisadores pontuam que a pesquisa sobre o usuário, é muitas vezes desconsiderada ou pouco explorada em ferramentas e métodos da área do Design de Moda. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar as técnicas e ferramentas utilizadas na coleta de dados sobre o usuário no processo de desenvolvimento de produtos de vestuário. Como procedimento metodológico foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, em 4 bases de dados, nas quais foram selecionadas 13 pesquisas, sendo tese e dissertações nacionais, e artigos científicos internacionais. Como resultado apresenta-se 10 modos para a coleta de dados, que são utilizados com maior frequência na fase de planejamento. Conclui-se que a coleta de dados sobre o usuário deve ser priorizada, e considerada em todas as fases do projeto, de modo a desenvolver produtos adequados aos mesmos.
Results of complex seismological, geophysical and geochemical researches on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan in 2016-2020
Authors: Magomedov Khaskil , Taimazov Djamaludin , Adilov Zarakhman , Magomed-Kasumov Magomedrasul
Published: July 2021

The work describes the research and development carried out at the DD GS RAS over the past 5 years, mainly of an innovative nature. These developments include the computer program "Con-struction the transfer function between time series based on the relative amplitudes of coherent harmonics", invention "Method for reconstructing dynamic processes in the earth's crust based on seismic observations ", implemented in computer program "Reconstruction of geodynamic processes based on seismic observations", SEISMO program, invention "Method for predicting tectonic earthquakes" implemented in the computer program "Detector of deformation anomalies parameters in the earth's crust based on areal observations of geofields", computer program "Maps builder of seismic station networks registration capabilities". Their application provided scientific results of a priority nature, the main of which are the identification of a significant cor-relation between time series of concentrations and dispersions of hydrogen and helium and the seismic regime of the region, establishment of dominance in atmospheric pressure variations and in the response to them of water levels in wells of semidiurnal harmonic, while in intraday fluc-tuations of weak seismicity, the 24-hour harmonic dominates, which unambiguously excludes atmospheric pressure from the possible causes of daily variations, correlation of synchronous peaks in the time variation of the intraday harmonics amplitudes in temperature observations in a well with the world's strongest earthquakes, establishment a fact of weak seismicity modulation by a semidiurnal tidal wave M2, detection in variations of weak seismicity along with the daily harmonic S1 (24h) of stable intraday harmonics S2 (12h), S3 (8h) and S4 (6h). A number of priori-ty results obtained in collaboration with employees of the Siberian Division GS RAS and the In-stitute of Physics of the Earth RAS are also described.
Intervención de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la Universidad de Ibagué en la demanda de inconstitucionalidad contra el artículo 223 de la Ley 906 de 2004. Sentencia C-480-20
Authors: Vargas Castro Sandra Bibiana
Published: July 2021

Las demandas de inconstitucionalidad hacen parte del ejercicio democrático mediante el cual el ciudadano acude a la jurisdicción constitucional, en busca de proponer por parte de la Corte el análisis de una norma que se acusa de contradecir la Constitución.

Las universidades del país son invitadas a participar en el trámite inicial que surte la demanda, con el propósito de proporcionar su interpretación jurídica entre la norma demandada y la Constitución Política. Este ejercicio previo a la decisión final de la Corte Constitucional se ha convertido en un espacio valioso de expresión de la voz académica en el contexto práctico de una decisión judicial.

El lector encontrará a continuación, el concepto proyectado por la profesora Sandra Bibiana Vargas Castro y presentado por Hernando A. Hernández Quintero, decano de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas, en representación de esta unidad académica en el trámite de la demanda de inconstitucionalidad de la norma dispuesta en el artículo 223 de la Ley 906 de 2004 “Por la cual se expide el Código de Procedimiento Penal”. Esta controversia jurídica fue resuelta mediante la Sentencia C-480-20 que puede ser consultada aquí.
Capillary water absorption in mixtures of cohesive soils stabilized with cement and hydrophobic agent
Authors: Węgliński Szymon
Published: July 2021

The paper presents the results of tests on capillary water absorption of mixtures from cohesive soils - clayey sand and sandy clay - stabilized with cement and the addition of a hydrophobic binder. Studies have shown that the appropriate addition of diamidoamine lactate allows to limit the penetration of water inside the stabilized samples, which increases their frost resistance. The mixtures with the additive showed lower capillary water absorption compared to the mixtures stabilized only with cement, especially in the first few hours after soaking with water.
Digitalization of historic buildings using modern technologies and tools
Authors: Prokop Anna , Nazarko Piotr , Ziemiański Leonard
Published: July 2021

The aim of the paper is to present some experiences of using modern technologies to historical buildings digitalization. The emphasis is placed on the possibilities of spatial data collecting, as well as on subsequent 3D modelling. The paper describes the proposed survey techniques which are based on the Terrestrial Laser Scanning and photogrammetry. The authors obtained the point cloud by using the laser scanner Faro Focus 3D and dedicated software to combine scans (target based and cloud to cloud methods). The paper also provides an introduction to issues related to a method of building structure modelling based on a pointcloud. The authors proposed some computer software tools that could improve work with a point cloud and the modelling process. The resulting 3D model could be both a source of information about historical building and a sufficient base to create computational model with spatial finite elements. The subject of the case study is the St. Hubert Chapel located in Rzeszów (Poland) and built in the middle of the 18th century under the patronage of the Lubomirski family. This rococo chapel is one of the most valuable architectural monuments in the region. Historical Building Information Model (HBIM) could be helpful in analysis, visualisations and conservation practice of this precious monument. Diagnosing the current object state and assessing its technical condition could be the purpose of creating a computational FEM model.
Pandemic Risk Management in Construction Projects
Authors:   Engineer II, Engineering Department, Municipality of Guimba, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, Silao Jerald F. , Guerrero Ralph Lery ,   Engineer II, Engineering Department, Municipality of Guimba, Nueva Ecija, Philippines., Pantalunan Carlito ,   Engineer II, Engineering Department, Municipality of Guimba, Nueva Ecija, Philippines., Renomeron Christine ,   Engineer II, Engineering Department, Municipality of Guimba, Nueva Ecija, Philippines., Jr. Salvador Loria ,   Engineer II, Engineering Department, Municipality of Guimba, Nueva Ecija, Philippines.
Published: July 2021

Construction projects undergo critical stages resulting to circumstances with high uncertainty and risk, which has been escalated by the pandemic. As the pandemic continues to overwhelm the world, its negative effects to construction industry are clearly manifested. Health and safety risks in previous studies and researchers are not risk factors that has great impact to construction industry. However, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly increases the risks that needs intensive risk management techniques to continue construction operations. This study seeks to identify emerging risks and explored risk management techniques applied by construction companies in the Philippines in light of covid-19 pandemic. Findings of the study were based from a questionnaire survey on pandemic risk management in construction projects. Questionnaires were administered based on purposive sampling. Respondents were civil engineers and architects who are directly involved in management and administration of construction projects. The data obtained were analyzed and presented through frequency table and charts. As concluded, health and safety risk are the main risks factors that has effects on cost, time and quality of construction projects. Furthermore, these risks must be managed with great effort and coordination with the government to minimize its effects. In addition, the study is essential to construction industry to mitigate and control new emerging risk to ensure successful project completion.
CIPROFLOXACIN AND STREPTOMYCIN AS DRUGS OF CHOICE IN TREATMENT OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN MAIDUGURI
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, AO Akanmu , ST Balogun ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, LM Paul ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, OA Sodipo ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria, CE Anonde ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Published: July 2021

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are medical events that have direct unintended consequences on patients. They often result in increased hospitalization and a greater number of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. In Maiduguri, they are a major source of post-operative illness among hospitalized patients. Hence, it is important to determine the scope of bacteria involvement and identify suitable antibacterial agents for effective treatment. Objectives: The study was designed to determine the prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgical wounds, determine the antibiogram of the bacteria involved and drug of choice in the treatment of SSIs. Methodology: The study design was cross-sectional using the qualitative approach. Patients with surgically created wounds infected (>30 days post-surgery) were enrolled between April and May 2018 at UMTH following informed consent. Swab samples were aseptically collected from the patients. The isolation and identification of bacterial isolates were done by cultural, microscopic and biochemical characterization. The antibiogram of the bacterial isolates was determined using disc diffusion method. Appropriate statistical tools were used. Results: A total of 70 patients with surgically created wounds were enrolled. The prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgically created wounds was 95.7% (67/70). Three bacterial species were identified with S. aureus accounting for the highest proportion of 68.7% (46/67) while Klebsiella spp was (19.4 %, 13/67) and E. coli was (11.9 %, 8/67) [p<0.05]. Ciprofloxacin had the highest proportion of sensitivity against S. aureus isolates with a value of 87 %. Streptomycin is the most sensitive drug against the Gram negative organisms isolated with a sensitivity of 87.5 % and 85 % for E. coli and Klebsiella spp., respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggest that there is a high prevalence of SSIs in patients with surgically created wounds seen at UMTH. Ciprofloxacin and streptomycin are suitable antibacterial agents in the treatment of the condition and this could contribute to effective treatment of patients with SSIs.
Evaluation of Glomerular functions in Patients with SCA in Maiduguri North-eastern Nigeria: a recommendation for early assessment and detection of dysfunction in a resource-poor setting
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., AG Farouk , MS Yauba ,   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., AI Rabasa ,   Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria., A Yerima ,   Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital,  Maiduguri, Nigeria., MM Asheikh ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria., RA Imam ,   Department of Paediatrics, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria.
Published: July 2021

Background: Sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is a disorder of Mendelian autosomal recessive inheritance, characterised by abnormal haemoglobin synthesis resulting in multi-systemic manifestations. The kidneys are largely affected by this disorder, but overt features of kidney disease mostly manifest after the second decade, even though insult and sub-clinical features may occur during childhood. Unfortunately, investigating these sub-clinical features is not routinely done in resource-scarce settings, partly due to the low socioeconomic status of most of our patients and the overwhelmed health care workers. Objectives: To investigate glomerular dysfunction in children with SCA in the context of the resource-poor setting. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), over 6 months. One hundred and ten SCA (Hb SS) children aged 3 – 14 years in steady-state constituted the cases, while 110 non-SCA (Hb AA) age and sex-matched, apparently healthy children formed the control. Anthropometry, blood pressure, urinalysis and serum creatinine of the subjects was done. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the Schwartz formula. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ± SD of the cases and controls were 96.8±9.34mmHg and 99.14±13.44mmHg respectively, (p = 0.13). The mean diastolic BP ± SD of the cases and controls were 60.18±6.85mmHg and 64.35±8.23mmHg respectively, (p = 0.0001). Glomerular filtration rate was significantly higher among the cases than the controls, 126±32ml/min/1.73m2 and 93±16ml/min/1.73m2 respectively (p <0.001). Proteinuria was higher among the cases (8.2%), with one (0.9%) having nephrotic range proteinuria. Conclusions: The proteinuria and hyperfiltration found in some of the children with SCA in this study suggest that renal function abnormalities can be detected early in this group of children when appropriately and timely investigated.
BRAIN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS OF STROKE PATIENTS IN MAIDUGURI, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Radiology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria, UH Umar , A Farate ,   Department of Radiology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria, MS Ahmadu ,   Department of Radiology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria, DM Yunusa ,   Department of Radiology, Federal Medical Centre, Yola, Nigeria, UA Umar ,   Department of Radiology, Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria, AM Ali ,   Department of Radiology, Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
Published: July 2021

Background: Stroke is a major neurological condition with high disability and mortality rates in developing countries including Nigeria. Computed tomography (CT) scan is an important imaging modality in confirming the diagnosis of stroke, classifying stroke subtypes and ruling out stroke mimics. Objectives: To determine the CT findings of patients with stroke in Maiduguri, North-eastern Nigeria. Methodology: A retrospective hospital-based study conducted at the Department of Radiology, Federal Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Maiduguri, North-eastern Nigeria over four-year period from January 2015 to December 2018. All patients were clinically diagnosed with stroke and referred to the department for a brain CT scan. The request forms and CT reports were retrieved from the Archive and analysed. All patients were examined with a 16-slice General Electric CT scanner. Data were analysed using SPSS statistical software version 23. Results: There were 138 patients and out of which, 83 (60%) were males and 55 (40%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The mean age was 51.6 ± 16.6 years with an age range of 5-85 years and the majority of the patients were middle-aged group. The CT findings showed 88 (64%) were confirmed stroke cases and the remaining 50 (36%) were misdiagnoses of stroke, with normal finding in 23% and stroke mimics in the remaining 13%. Brain infarction was the most common stroke subtype accounting for 64% of the patients, followed by intracerebral haemorrhage of 33% and 3% had subarachnoid haemorrhage. The left cerebral hemisphere was the most commonly involved. Cerebral atrophy and brain tumours were the two most common stroke mimics in this study and they were mostly seen in females than males. Conclusion: In this study, the accuracy rate of clinical diagnosis of stroke was low. Therefore, CT scan is the 'gold standard’ in the diagnosis of stroke and it is strongly recommended in the management of all stroke patients.
EFFECT OF TRAINING PROGRAMME ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF PEOPLE WITH TYPE II DIABETES
Authors: Jagannathan Selvakumar , Ramiah Kannan , Selvakumar Valarmathy
Published: July 2021

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased signicantly over the past two decades. Recent estimates project around 285
million people with diabetes around the world presently, and this number is set to increase to 438 million by the year 2030. It became essential to
train people with type II diabetes to improve their quality of life in order to manage type II diabetes effectively.
Sample: 30 type II diabetes were randomly selected from the Diabetes care centres in Chennai for the assessment of quality of life.
Methodolgy: The present study aimed to examine the effect of training programme given to people with type II diabetes on quality of life. The
quality of life was assessed using questionnaire “The Quality of Life Scale (QOLS)” by John Flanagan (1970). Paired t- test were used to assess the
effectiveness of training programme on quality of life of people with Type II diabetes.
Result and Conclusion: The result shows that there was a signicant increase in quality of life of people with type II diabetes due to quality of life
enhancement training programme. It was concluded that quality of life training plays a vital role in modifying and improving lifestyle of people
with type II diabetes in order to improve adherence to the diabetes treatment regimen and to promote pro-diabetic coping behaviors
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PRIMARY VARICOSE VEINS OF LOWER LIMB IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Nookala Praveen Kumar , Mahapatra Sandeep , Arumalla Anusha , Ahmad Para Muneer , Mustyala Venu Gopal , Fayazuddin Md , Rao Sanjeeva
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Epidemiological studies plays an important role in providing information on the spectrum and frequency of venous disease
distribution in a population. In India, study encompassing the clinical evaluation and surgical management of varicose veins on the conventional
lines seems a necessity to improve the quality care with the available resources. We have undertaken an epidemiological study on inuence of age,
sex, body mass index, posture on clinical manifestations and complications of varicose veins of lower limbs in patients attending the Department of
Vascular Surgery .
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Department of vascular surgery on patients with primary varicose
veins of lower limb. Patients with secondary varicose veins, recurrent varicose veins, patients less than 18 years, deep vein thrombosis& peripheral
arterial disease were excluded from the study.
Results: In the present study 88.89% of ulcer patients had combined saphenofemoral(SFJ) and perforator incompetence, while 11.11% of ulcer
patients had combined saphenofemoral, saphenopopliteal (SPJ)and perforator incompetence.14% patients present with combined SFJ, SPJ and
perforator incompetence. The patients with higher CEAP classication had combined SFJ and SPJ valvular incompetence. Most commonly, the
disease affected the males in the age group of 40-50 years.
Conclusion: The present study shows that prolonged standing , obesity ,increasing age are the common risk factors for development of varicose
veins.
SOFT TISSUE INJURIES OF THE FACE: EARLY AESTHETIC RECONSTRUCTION IN POLY TRAUMA PATIENTS
Authors: Jain RK , Lamoria Nitesh
Published: July 2021

INTRODUCTION One of the most challenging and common problem faced by the plastic surgeons in polytrauma ward are Facial Soft tissue
injuries, which can be completely isolated or be in combination with other injuries .The face consists of several organs and aesthetic units. The nal
outcome depends on initial wound care and primary repair. So one should know the “do's and don'ts”. Disgurement following trauma, becomes a
social stigma and has the gross detrimental effect on the personality and future of the victim. Therefore, such cases are most appropriately managed
by Plastic Surgeons who have a thorough knowledge of applied anatomy, an aesthetic sense and meticulous atraumatic tissue handling expertise,
coupled with surgical skill to repair all the composite structures simultaneously.
METHOD This study is conducted in the department of Plastic and Reconstructive surgery, SMS Medical College & Hospital Jaipur India from
January 2019 to December 2020. 50 patients with history of facial soft tissue injuries who were admitted in the polytrauma ward are included in the
study.
RESULTS Seventy-ve percent of the facial injuries were repaired primarily and the remainder were reconstructed with skin grafts or local aps
from adjacent tissues. We had no post-operative infection, hematoma, ischemia, or necrosis in our patients and the patients were satised after the
operation.
CONCLUSION The study concludes that Primary reconstruction should be the mainstay of management and the most important responsibility of
the surgeon is to convert the contaminated wound to a clean one and then to perform reconstruction.
EVALUATION OF COMPLICATIONS AND SUCCESS RATES OF PCNL,USING MODIFIED CLAVIEN GRADING SYSTEM: A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Shukla Abhishek , Khan F.A. , Pal Ravinder , Chipde S.S. , K.Soni Neelam.
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study is to document the perioperative complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) using the modied Clavien grading system at a tertiary care centre. MATERIAL & METHODS: A retrospective study of 133 patients who underwent standard PCNL in the department of Urology and Renal Transplant,during the period January 2019 to March 2020 at Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences,Indore, India. A structured questionnaire was used to get relevant information,while peri-operative complications were recorded using the modied Clavien grading system. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 38.2years,male: female ratio was 1.18:1. Stones were categorized as simple in 48.9% and complex in 51.1%. The lower calyx was the commonest site of stone location (45.5%) and puncture site (76.7%). The mean operative time was about 58 minutes and the mean haemoglobin drop was 1.5g/dl. The blood transfusion rate was 3% and the stone free rate after the procedure was 93.2%. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.4 days. CONCLUSION: PCNL is an effective treatment with good clearance rate and acceptable morbidity in experienced hands.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DIARRHOEA IN UNDER FIVE CHILDREN (0-59 MONTH) IN RURALAREA OF MEERUT, U.P.
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Bano Tanveer , Chopra Harivansh , Singh Ganesh , Mittal Chhaya
Published: July 2021

Acute diarrheal illness remains one of the major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality especially among children under ve years in
developing countries. The diarrhoeal disease are more problematic in the rural areas due to poor sanitation and hygiene. So, the study was
conducted in under ve children in the rural area with objectives of nding out the fortnightly incidence of diarrhea and to study associated
sociodemographic factors and the management practices in the community. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among under ve
children in rural area of Meerut. 423 children were studied selected randomly from 2 randomly selected villages of the block. The fortnightly
incidence of diarrhoea was found to be 14.2%. Average duration of diarrhoea was 1-3 days. Higher fortnightly incidence of diarrhoea was found in
age group 0-12 month, where sibling order was 5 or more, Muslims, OBC, where mother was illiterate, lower socio-economic class, and where
housing and environmental conditions were poor with signicant association with sibling order. Among the management practices, maximum
number of children were given normal uid during the diarrhea episode and maximum children took treatment from Local healthcare worker or
Health clinic.
PLATELET-RICH PLASMA INJECTION IN EARLY OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE FOLLOW-UP 1 YEAR
Authors: Hassan Khan Abdul , Kumar Pujari Prasanta , Gayen Bikramjit , Kumar Jha Dipak , Jana Debarshi
Published: July 2021

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) knee is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in elderly population. It has got various treatment options but most are unsatisfactory. In recent years Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is emerged as a promising treatment modality and classied as “Orthobiologics”. PRPenhances tissue recovery, by catalysing the body's natural healing response and tissue repair process. Aim And Objectives:Tocompare the efcacies oftreatmentwithPRPinjectionandconservative treatmentwithNSAIDSandexercise inOAknee. Materials And Methods:This was a observational study in which comparisons of different outcomes were made on the efcacies of the treatments with PRPinjection and compared to conservative treatment with NSAIDS and exercise in OAknee. The study was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics in Ramkrishna Mission SevaPratisthan. Atotal number of 60 patients with power 80% were randomly selected from the patients with OA attended OPD during the period from June 2019 to June 2021. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 patients in each group. The patients of the one group were treated with intra-articular PRPinjection and the patients of another group were treated conservatively with NSAIDS and exercise. After the completion of treatment, the patients were followed-up for 1 year and the outcomes of the treatments were assessed by WOMAC (The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) knee assessment scoring system. Results:At 1 year the completion of treatments it was found that both clinical and functional improvements of the patients were signicantly better than the initiation of treatments (p<0.0001). However, the improvements of the patients treated with PRPinjection were signicantly better than the patients treated conservatively with NSAIDS and exercise (p<0.001). Conclusion: From the results of the study it may be concluded that PRP injection is better than conservative treatment with NSAIDS and exercise to treat OAknee
DECOMPOSITION OF SEIZURES IN EEG SIGNALS USING DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORMS (DWT)
Authors: Shweta N , H Nagendra
Published: July 2021

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that records electrical activity in the brain. Epileptic seizures affect approximately 50 million people
worldwide, making it one of the most serious neurological disorders. Seizures cause a loss of consciousness, but there are no specic signs
associated with epileptic seizures. analysing the brain's activity during seizures and locating the seizure duration in EEG recordings is difcult and
time consuming. A discrete wavelet transform (DWT), which is an effective tool for decomposing EEG signals into delta, theta, alpha, beta, and
gamma ( and ) frequency bands. For research, the db4 is used, which has a morphological d,q,a,b
g
structure that is different to that of EEG.
CYTO-DIAGNOSIS OF PLEURAL EFFUSIONS: A COMBINED APPROACH TO MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES IN ROUTINELY STAINED CYTOLOGY SMEARS AND CELL BLOCK TECHNIQUE
Authors: Khan Lubna , Singh Mahendra , Singh Anshul Pratap , Faheemuddin Mohd
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Pleural cavity is a potential space between the parietal pleura and visceral pleural. It consists of some amount of uid called pleural uid which is normally less than 25ml. Pleural uid is produced by parietal lining and absorbed by visceral lining. Fluid is produced by plasma ltration through capillary endothelial cells. Aims & Objectives:Acombined approach of cytology and cell block technique in diagnosing the cause of pleural effusion. To evaluate the utility of cell block preparation over the conventional smear in the cytodiagnosis of serous effusions. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted on patients having pleural effusions. The cases and specimens were selected from the outdoor as well as indoor patients admitted in a tertiary care centre of North India and also from those sent directly to Pathology department from other hospitals. The duration of study was from January 2019 to September 2020. The specimens obtained were processed in the biochemistry, cytopathology and histopathology laboratory in the Pathology department of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur. Result And Analysis: Out of 100 cases studied it was found that 83 (83%) cases were of reactive pleural effusion and 17 (17%) cases were of malignant pleural effusions.Out of 17 malignant effusion, 16 (94%) cases were exudative, while 1 (6%) case was transudative.Only 8 cases of adenocarcinoma were diagnosed on smear examination, while 11 cases were diagnosed on cell block examination. 3 cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma were diagnosed on conventional smear and 5 cases on cell block examination.Out of total 17 malignant pleural effusions diagnosed by cell block, only 12 cases were diagnosed by conventional smear examination. Hence diagnostic yield increased by 30% using cell block preparations. Conclusion: Thus it was concluded that routine centrifuge is not satisfactory in reporting uids with scant cellularity. Hence for uids with scant cellularity cell block preparation is a useful method. Also the morphology of the cells were well appreciated by cell block as compared to routine centrifuge, thus aiding in accurate diagnosis. In this study the diagnoses which were missed or incompletely diagnosed on conventional smear were diagnosed by cell block.
A PROSPECTIVE INTERVENTIONAL STUDY ON EXTERIORIZATION OF INTESTINAL ANASTOMOSIS
Authors: Basak Raja , Sen Swapnil , Chanda Ramjiban
Published: July 2021

Colostomy was introduced in surgical practice more than 200 years ago as a simple and safe procedure. Since then, the time honored dictums “exteriorize colon injuries” and a “well prepared bowel is a pre-requisite for any colon repair”, formed the basis for sound colon surgery. In 1945, the practice of routine colostomy was challenged by a military surgeon, James Mason, who introduced the technique of primary suture of unprepared colon and exteriorizing the segment of bowel outside the peritoneal cavity. Initially, this technique did not gain much momentum in civilian practice mainly because of difculties encountered in introducing procedures which would challenge established orthodox surgical practice. Intestinal disruption is a common problem with a wide-ranging aetiology. It requires anastomosis or repair or creation of stoma with or without Total Parenteral Nutrition therapy. Failure of anastomosis leads to signicant morbidity and mortality. Creation of Stoma is associated with signicant morbidity. Stoma closure also carries signicant risk. In this study, we propose an alternative procedure in the form of exteriorisation of intestinal anastomosis (both small and large bowel), followed by delayed internalization after the anastomosis has healed. Aim: To develop a technique which could bypass or minimize the risks associated with intestinal disruption following anastomosis and also alleviate the morbidity associated with creation of stomas. Alternative proposed: Exteriorisation of anastomosis. Materials And Methods: The study has been carried out on 15 patients with clinical presentation of peritonitis in an emergency setting as well as an alternative procedure in an elective setting over a period of 4 years who were seen in general surgery outpatient department (OPD) and general surgery wards of a single teaching institution of Eastern India. The procedural steps include Exteriorisation of anastomosis, keeping the bowel moist using irrigation and internalization after the anastomosis has healed. Results: 12/19 procedures succeeded (63%). One death occurred due to convulsions despite healing of anastomosis. 7/19 procedures failed (37%). There were two deaths due to failure of anastomosis and lung complications respectively. Conclusion: Existing treatment options for gut repairs, particularly if proximal, are not wholly satisfactory. This study throws some light on the fact that the temporary exteriorisation of repaired gut is safe. Dangers of intraperitoneal anastomotic leak are avoided. Complications of stoma may be avoided. The requirement of costly, and potentially harmful Total Parenteral Nutrition therapy is lessened. Best technique is yet to be determined.
HEPATOBLASTOMA IN AN 11 YEARS OLD MALE ADOLESCENT
Authors: Sarfaraj S M , Saha Ripan , Islam Md. Maidul , Sinha Malay Kumar , Datta Chhanda
Published: July 2021

Hepatoblastoma is the most common tumour in children under the age of 5 years. Diagnosis is made usually by combination of clinical, laboratory
and radiological ndings. Biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis. We present a case of hepatoblastoma of an 11 years old boy which is unusual in
his age
The Effectivity of Ozonated VCO on Healing Full Grafted Skin graft Study on Progenitor Cell Endothelial Proliferation and Angiogenesis in Sprague Dawley Mice
Authors: Sidauruk Rollin Hansen , Yuniati Renny , Handojo Djoko
Published: July 2021

Abstract

 

Background : Full thickness  Skin graft is one technique to accelerate wound healing. EPC proliferation and new blood vessel formation have an important role in the success of Ful thickness  Skin graft. Ozone content in Ozonated VCO  has the ability to increase growth factors so that it can accelerate wound healing

 

Aims : This study was aimed to prove the effects of ozonated vco  in various doses in increasing EPC proliferation and angiogenesis in full thickness skin graft wounds.

 

Methods : This research is an experimental study with randomized post test only with parallel group design. 40 Sprague Dawley rats performed autologous  Skin grafts at the same time. Samples were randomly divided into 8 groups, two control groups (X1 and X5), and 6 other groups were given a multi-dose ozonated oil  50.6 mg / ml (X2, X6), 101.3 mg / ml (X3, X7) , 202.6 mg / ml (X4, X8). Conduct termination on day 6 and day 12. Examination of the number of  EPC proliferation and the number of angiogenesis in each group. Data were analyzed by Saphiro Wijk, ANOVA, post hoc benferonni and pearsons

 

Results : The number of EPC proliferation in groups X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8 has a mean of 6.2 + 0.837, 10 + 1.581, 13.80 + 2.049, 14.80+ 2,280, 9.40 + 2,074 , 13.20 + 1,483, 19,0 + 2,055 and 19.20 + 1,095.The number of Angiogenesis in groups X5, X6, X7, X8 has a mean of 9.20 + 1,095,14,60 + 2,881,17,40+ 3,286, 18,80 + 2,168,17,40 + 3,286,18.80+ 2,168. The administration of ozonated VCO  dose of 202.6 mg / ml gave the best results in the amount of angiogenesis (p = 0.001) and the amount of angiogenesis (p=0,001).Correlation analysis between EPC proliferation and angiogenesis showed a significant correlation (p = 0.001 and r = 0.738).

 

Conclusion : Ozonated oil can increase the number of EPC proliferation and angiogenesis in the wound healng process of Full thickness  Skin graft. The ozone dose of 202,6 mg / ml showed the best effect on increase wound healing process.

Keyword : Full thickness skin graft, Ozonated oil , EPC, Angiogenesis
Tinjauan Yuridis Potensi Pajak Restoran Terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah
Authors: Muktar Muktar
Published: July 2021

Diberlakukannya Undang-Undang otonomi daerah memberikan kewenangan penyelenggaraan pada Pemerintah Daerah yang lebih luas, nyata, dan bertanggungjawab. Masalah yang diidentifikasi adalah: 1) Seberapa besar potensi Pajak Daerah, khususnya Pajak Restoran di Kabupaten Cirebon terhadap Penerimaan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD); 2) Bagaimana mekanisme Badan Pengelolaan Pendapatan Daerah dalam pemungutan Pajak Restoran di Kabupaten Cirebon. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan analisi kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan jurnal mengemukakan simpulan: 1) Potensi Pajak Daerah, khususnya Pajak Restoran di Kabupaten Cirebon sangat potensial sekali, namun belum tergali secara maksima. 2) Mekanisme Badan Pengelolaan Pendapatan Daerah dalam pemungutan Pajak Restoran di Kabupaten Cirebon yang dilaksanakan oleh Sub Bidang Pajak Restoran dan Pajak Hiburan dilakukan secara konvensional belum secara online, sehingga PAD dari sektor Pajak Restoran ini masih relatif rendah sekali, disamping kesadaran wajib pajak untuk memenuhi kewajiban pembayarannya secara tepat waktu serta pemahaman terhadap ketentuan pemberlakukan pajak, masih perlu terus ditingkatkan.