bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Client Aware Scalable Cloudlet to Augment Edge Computing with Mobile Cloud Migration Service
Authors: D Uma Nandhini , S Udhayakumar , Tamilselvan Latha , J Silviya Nancy
Published: July 2020

Computing with mobile is still in its infancy due to its limitations of computational power, battery lifetime and storage capacity. These limitations hinder the growth of mobile computing, which in-turn affects the growth of computationally intensive applications developed for the mobile devices. So in-order to help execute complex applications within the mobile device, mobile cloud computing (MCC) emerged as a feasible solution. The job of offloading the task to the cloud data center for storage and execution from the mobile seems to gain popularity, however, issues related to network bandwidth, loss of mobile data connectivity, and connection setup does not augment well to extend the benefits offered by MCC. Cloudlet servers filled this gab by assisting the mobile cloud environment as an edge device, offering compute power to the connected devices with high speed wireless LAN connectivity. Implementation constraints of cloudlet faces severe challenges in-terms of its storage, network sharing, and VM provisioning. Moreover, the number of connected devices of the cloudlet and its load conditions vary drastically leading to unexpected bottleneck, in which case the availability to server becomes an issue. Therefore, a scalable cloudlet, Client Aware Scalable Cloudlet (CASC) is proposed with linear regression analysis, predicting the knowledge of expected load conditions for provisioning new virtual machines and to perform resource migration.
An Integration of "Online Interactive Apps" for Learning Application of Graph Theory to Enhance Creative Problem Solving of Mathematics Students
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sapti , Satyananda Darmawan , Qohar Abd , Atan Noor Azean
Published: July 2020

An Integration of “Online Interactive Apps” for learning can be a disruptive learning innovation in higher education. The material of the application of graph theory course has application topics in the real world. How students use the application can be used as a measure of creative problem solving. Mixed method was used in the study. The first phase of the study used one group non-randomized design pre-test and post-test. Participants were students who took courses in the application of graph theory. The second phase of the study involved an exploration of creative problem solving performance through qualitative interviews. Analysis of problem solving skills with creative problem solving instruments adapted from the CPS version 6. The average performance of students is very good in exploring data and building acceptance, performance is good in generating ideas and designing processes. Finding from this research is a significant improvement of students' Creative Problem-Solving by integrating learning the application of graph theory with “Online Interactive Apps”. The results obtained that 69% of student opinions  strongly agree on learning activity can improve creative problem solving. The implementation of “Online Interactive Apps” can be used as an alternative to disruptive learning innovation in mathematics teaching-learning.
Using Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on Pancasila Education Increasing Students’ Score
Authors: Sukriono Didik , Sudirman Sudirman
Published: July 2020

This article analyzes the development of virtual learning capabilities through massive open online courses (MOOC) on Pancasila Education. The Pancasila Education course has only been delivered in traditionally managed classes by relying on face-to-face meetings. Therefore there needs to be a new approach in Pancasila education to deal with 21st century learning. This research was designed as a research and development education (R&D). Starts with developingthe MOOC Pancasila education platform and conducting tests on students.  The research instrument used in this study was the learning outcomes (scores) of students taking Pancasila education courses. The data analysis used is the independent sample t test, which is a statistical test to find out the differences between two samples that are not interconnected. The result of the development is known that virtual learning through the MOOC platform can increasing students’ score. That are known from the average of virtual class score than traditional classes, but the level of equality is lower values than virtual classes. This average that not all students in one membership can receive virtual classes equally. The traditional and virtual classes of the Pancasila education has a significant difference
The Current Practice and Expected Transformation of Zakah Institution in Yemen in Light of the Current Crisis
Authors: Shawtari Fekri Ali , Ahmed Abdullah Mohammed , Alaeddin Omar
Published: July 2020

Yemen is among the poorest countries in the region. It has become apparent during the current political crisis in which the majority of population is classified as poor so the poverty line's group has been widened. As far as Zakah is concerned, it is a duty on wealthy people to pay their alms to the poor and hence a redistribution of the wealth among the society would be achieved. Zakah rests under the responsibility of the government to supervise, govern, and apply the rules prescribed in the Islamic legislation (Shari'ah rules) to ensure that its role in the society is attained. For the last three decades, since the formation of the new country, the “Republic of Yemen” that emerged from two previously separated countries, Zakah institution has been governed and managed by the government, and its administration is formed under the responsibility of the Zakah Agency, and later on under the local counsel of each locality. Such management and administration has been criticized of being less transparent on Zakah resources on both collections or distributions issues. Therefore, Zakah efficient collections have suffered due to the low level of confidence in the governmental agencies assigned to collect Zakah funds, and this encourages Zakah payers to always seek an alternative way to channel Zakah funds, which has been found in many voluntary organizations to carry the same role the government should have made in collection of Zakah funds. This chapter is theoretical in nature. It aims and focuses on the discussion of administration and legislation of Zakah and its importance to the society in Yemen. It also highlights the current status of Zakah in Yemen. More than that, the discussion elaborates that Zakah in Yemen lacks its role in the society in reducing poverty, which has become more apparent recently. Analyzing the way Zakah is carried out revealed that Zakah administration needs a rethink on how to organize and restructure it in a way to serve its underlying purposes. Government may not be the proper Zakah administer at this point of time due to the rise of corruption in the government agencies. Since the Zakah fund is commingled with the other public budget resources, it is more likely to be misused as the other resources (i.e., oil and gas and tax) and no possible differentiation to be expected. Expected transformation of Zakah is needed and the role can be carried out by the non-government bodies supervised by scholars and experts who can be held accountable under certain governance system. This chapter originally is of importance to all stakeholders as it serves as the building block for initiating a proper system or framework of Zakah administration, a system that provides its contemporary guidelines on Zakah, taken into the consideration the original wisdom and objective of Shari'ah on Zakah enforcement by the Almighty.
Zakat Management and Economic Sustainability
Authors: Younus Tareq Shareef , Ahmad Reyaz
Published: July 2020

The chapter is an attempt to correlate the subject of zakat as an Islamic duty with sustainable development in all aspects such as economic, social, and other types of sustainability. The chapter deals with a set of interrelated topics to form an integrated knowledge theme on the subject of zakat. Clear distinctions are provided between the idiomatic meaning of zakat and other terms that suggest that it is similar. These terms include zakat, charity, donations, taxes, and other terms. The explanations in this chapter are addressed based on the categories of Islamic law. The information contained in this chapter has been documented according to the principles of Sharia as well as the scientific sources that have approved in the Sharia databases. The chapter also dealt with the latest experiences and practical practices of zakat and its management, represented by the smart and advanced experience in the UAE. It is worth mentioning that the UAE experience has integrated the latest smart and electronic methods in the management of zakat funds.
The Impact of Zakat to the Economy, Organization, and Moral and Social
Authors: Rafiki Ahmad
Published: July 2020

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that every Muslim must obey. Zakat is not only meant as a spiritual command but it gives impacts widely to the society, brings benefits to all the needy where they need help in order to survive. Using a descriptive analysis, the chapter consists of a literature review of previous studies and a short survey of questionnaire (n=54). This chapter revealed the positive impacts of zakat to economy, organization, moral, and social. The results of this chapter can be used as a reference for stakeholders and the muzakki (zakat contributor) on the multiplier effects of zakat to the society, thus particularly for government to make necessary policies and actions to encourage the collection and distribution of zakat effectively.
Thermal Effects in Near-Critical Fluids
Authors: Beysens Daniel A. , Garrabos Yves , Zappoli Bernard
Published: July 2020

This chapter addresses the very particular thermal behavior that supercritical fluids exhibit when nearing their critical point. In this region, supercritical fluids exhibit strong anomalies in their thermodynamic and transport properties. Pressure change associated to a temperature variation leads to a nearly isentropic thermalization of the fluid, the “piston effect,” which leads to a paradoxical “critical speeding-up.” Bulk fluid temperature is uniform, and temperature gradients are confined in thermal boundary layers, making the bulk fluid a thermal short-circuit. It follows very particular behavior, as dynamic heat pipes or heat going seemingly backward, in apparent contradiction with the second principle of thermodynamics. Under an acceleration field, thermal convection occurs only in the boundary layers, which paradoxically can enhance the fluid stability or even cool the fluid after a heat pulse. These effects can deeply modify the supercritical fluids thermal behavior in space and energy activities, giving to these effects socio-economic relevance.
Principles, Experiments, and Numerical Studies of Supercritical Fluid Natural Circulation System
Authors: Chen Lin
Published: July 2020

Due to the unique thermal and transport properties, supercritical natural circulation loop (NCL, or thermosyphon) has been proposed in many energy systems, such as solar heater, nuclear cooling, waste heat recovery, geothermal, etc. This chapter presents the principals of supercritical natural circulation loop and its application challenges. A specially designed experimental prototype system is introduced and compared with numerical findings. The system is operated in wide range of pressures from around 6.0 MPa to 15.0 MPa in the near-critical region. It is found that in a supercritical natural circulation system, very high Reynolds number natural convection flow can be achieved only by simple heating and cooling. Thermal performance analysis and parameter effects are carried out along with the experimental development. The heat transfer dependency on operation and its mechanisms are also explained and summarized in this chapter. The comparison of experimental and numerical results contributes to better understanding of NCL stability phenomena and applications in energy systems.
Supercritical Natural Circulation Loop
Authors: Srivastava Tanuj , Sutradhar Pranab , Sarkar Milan Krishna Singha , Basu Dipankar Narayan
Published: July 2020

Supercritical natural circulation loop is a compelling technology for cooling of modern nuclear reactors, which promises enhanced thermal-hydraulic performance in a simple design. Being a new concept, related knowledge base is relatively thin and involves several conflicting theories and controversies. The chapter summarizes the observation till date, starting from the very fundamentals. The phenomenon of natural circulation under steady state condition and suitability of supercritical medium as working fluid are discussed in detail. Different methods of analyses, including analytical, simple 1-d numerical, and multidimensional computational codes, as well as experimental, are elucidated. A comprehensive discussion is presented about the effect of various geometric and operating parameters on the system behavior, from both thermal-hydraulic and stability point of view. Finally, a few recommendations are included about the operation of such loops and future direction of research.
Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for Solar Water Heater
Authors: Iwamoto Yuhiro , Yamaguchi Hiroshi
Published: July 2020

For supercritical CO2, a small change in temperature or pressure can result in large change in density, especially in the state close to the critical point. The large change in density can easily induce the natural convective flow. In this chapter, a solar water heater using supercritical CO2 which is originally designed and constructed will be introduced. The solar water heater is a closed loop system with main components of an evacuated solar collector and a heat exchanger. The working fluid of CO2 is naturally driven by the large change in density with absorbing and transporting heat in the solar collector. And the heat energy (hot water) is produced by exchanging the transferred heat with water in the heat exchanger. This chapter will describe the typical system operation and performance at different season and climates.
Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Modeling for Supercritical Fluids in Advanced Energy Systems
Authors: Li Hongzhi , Zhang Yifan
Published: July 2020

This chapter aims to model the supercritical fluids thermal hydraulics behaviors including heat transfer, pressure drops, and flow instabilities for the purpose of accurate design and efficient safe operation of advanced energy systems. At first, the convection heat transfer models considering the effect of nonlinear properties and the effect of buoyancy and acceleration have been provided and discussed. Secondly, the hydraulic resistance models for supercritical fluids have been selected and suggested for different conditions. Thirdly, the published models for supercritical flow instabilities based on four different regional partitions are summarized and clarified. At last, two typical case studies have been provided to further intuitively elaborate the thermal hydraulics of supercritical fluids within the advanced energy systems.
Endobronchial pulmonary blastoma – an unusual presentation of a rare lung malignancy and review of literature
Authors: Shadrach Benhur Joel , Vedant Deepak , Vishwajeet Vikarn , Jain Priyank , Dutt Naveen , Surekha Binit , Pareek Puneet , Abhay Elhence Poonam
Published: July 2020

Biphasic pulmonary blastoma (BPB) is an extremely rare highly aggressive malignant tumor that arises from fetal lung tissue and has the classical biphasic histology of epithelial and mesenchymal components. It is usually seen in adults with a slight male predominance and smokers. Previously grouped along with well-differentiated fetal adenocarcinoma (WDFA), and pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB), now it is considered a separate variant and grouped under sarcomatoid neoplasms. Symptoms include chest pain, cough, hemoptysis and it is asymptomatic in at least one-third of the cases. A biopsy is essential for diagnosis and surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Prognosis is poor with 5-year survival less than 20% and recurrence occurring within 12 months of surgery. An aggressive multimodality approach is required for its management and active follow up surveillance is needed to look for recurrence.
Effects of a Community-based Follow-up Program for Parents with Premature Infants on Parenting Stress, Parenting Efficacy, and Coping
Authors: Ji Eun Sun , Shim Ka Ka
Published: July 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a community-based follow-up program on parenting stress, parenting efficacy, and coping among parents with premature infants.Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post quasi-experimental design was used. This program consisted of structured home visits and self-help group meetings for 6 months. The experimental group (n=29) received visits by an experienced neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurse and the control group (n=27) was visited by a visiting nurse. Data were analyzed using the x2 test, t-test, and analysis of covariance.Results: Parents' coping behavior significantly differed in the experimental group compared to the control group (t=3.14, p=.003). In particular, coping subscale I, for maintaining the family situation (t=2.63, p=.011), and subscale III, for understanding the infant's medical situation (t=4.30, p<.001), showed significant differences in the experimental group. There were no significant between-group differences in parenting stress or parenting efficacy.Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that home visits by an experienced NICU nurse provided through a community-based follow-up program were an effective intervention to improve coping behavior among parents with premature infants.
Clinicomycological study of vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Seeniammal S. , Selvakumar M. , Nirmaladevi P.
Published: July 2020

Background:

Vaginal candidiasis is one of the most common vaginal infections in women of reproductive age group caused by Candida species of fungi, a normal inhabitant of vagina.

Aims:

The aim is to study the culture characteristics, species prevalence, and drug sensitivity of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) among females with genital pruritus and discharge per vaginum who are proved to have Candida infection by a vaginal smear study.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was done on female patients aged 18 years attending the Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic of the Department of Dermato-Venereo-Leprology (DVL), Tirunelveli Medical College, with complaints of genital pruritus and vaginal discharge over a period of 1½ years from 2013 to 2015. After clinical examination, vaginal discharge was smeared for wet mount, potassium hydroxide mount, and Gram stain. Those with pseudohyphae were chosen for culture, speciation, and drug sensitivity.

Results:

The most common age group affected was 18–35 years. The most common predisposing factor was HIV infection-induced immunosuppression (48.7%), followed by antibiotic usage and diabetes mellitus. Clinical presentation of VVC was similar in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. Recurrent VVC makes up 12% of total cases with most common species being Candida albicans whereas Candida glabrata among the non-C. albicans. Drug sensitivity pattern of C. albicans showed the highest sensitivity to nystatin 85.7%, followed by triazoles (75%–85%) with ketoconazole being more resistant (40%–60%), and was similar in C. albicans and non-C. albicans.

Limitations:

Exclusion of unmarried and pregnant women and lack of follow-up were limitations in our study.

Conclusions:

According to our study, elimination of predisposing factors, speciation of fungus, and treatment based on drug sensitivity pattern will reduce the incidence of VVC.
Guided Inquiry Model with the REACT Strategy Learning Materials to Improve the Students’ Learning Achievement
Authors: Miftahul Jannah  , Z. A. Imam Supardi  , Prabowo
Published: July 2020

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of learning materials with a guided inquiry model with the REACT strategy to improve students’ learning achievement on heat and temperature topic. It developed with the 4D model and try outed using the One Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design. Data collection methods used validation, observation, and test. The results of this research are that the learning materials have a very valid category and it can be used to improve the learning process. The learning achievement, the average post-test score is 84 with an N-Gain of 0.7 which categorize as medium, while the overall student completeness reached 88.57%. The students have a very good response to learning in the range of the answer with agree and very agree. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that learning materials of the guided inquiry learning model with the REACT strategy can improve the students’ learning achievement on heat and temperature topic. Guided inquiry with the REACT strategy learning is expected to be able to make students more actively in the process of gaining their knowledge directly so that students are easier to remember and interpret.
A Conceptual Study on Fundamentals and Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Authors: Anirudh VJST , Kumar M.Kiran
Published: July 2020

An embedded system is an electronic/electro-mechanical system designed to perform a specific function and is a combination of firmware and hardware. A complete system on a chip is called an embedded system. It is a special purpose system in which the computer is encapsulated on a single chip which performs a specific task. Every system is unique and the hardware as well as the firmware is inevitable part of any product or equipment in all the fields including household appliances, telecommunications, medical equipment, consumer products etc. This paper highlights the fundamental concepts and characteristics of ES.
Keywords: Embedded Systems.
IMPACT OF COVID19 IN INDIAN STOCK MARKET WITH FOCUS ON BANKING SECTOR
Authors: Jaiswal Avantika , Arora Ruchi
Published: July 2020

Covid-19 related lockdowns are forced over and whole country is affected and all the sector. Financial markets have been confronting high unpredictability because of this virus. Monetary foundations have begun experiencing liquidity imperatives. The performance in India of the banking sector is most likely linked to the economy rather than any other sector. The banking sector which is already reeling under a multi decade low credit growth will be hit by fresh asset quality woes as loan collections will be hit as both large and small companies come to terms. The development of the Indian economy is eased to have slowed down significantly. The covid19 have affected the banking sectors' performance in India resulting that the market is going down. Here researcher's objective is to study the impact of covid19 on Indian stock market on banking sector.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI EFISIENSI PERBANKAN SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Arraniri Iqbal , Harjadi Dikdik , Fitroh Yuliana
Published: July 2020

This study was done due to provide empirical facts from the effect of Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Bank Size, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Inflation on the efficiency of Indonesian Islamic Banking. This study used secondary data from the annual financial statements of Islamic Banks, with verification research methods. To measure efficiency this study used the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method with DEAP software version 21. The research sample was determined by using purposive sampling technique. The sample selected was 12 General Islamic Banking. The period used 2014 to 2018. Analysis of the data used is regression analysis panel data with Eviews Version 10. Based on the results of efficiency measurements of 12 General Islamic Banking shows a fluctuating trend, and only one General Islamic Banking experiences efficient conditions throughout the research period, while the results of the hypothesis analysis be concluded that FDR and Bank Size have a significant positive effect, while NPF, GDP, and Inflation have a significant negative effect on the efficiency of Islamic Banking.
História da teologia do martírio na América Latina
Authors: Holanda João Pedro Augusto Alves de , Lima Luís Corrêa
Published: July 2020

O martírio, nos primeiros séculos da Igreja, sempre pareceu uma consequência quase que certa da adesão ao seguimento de Cristo. Esse artigo propõe um primeiro olhar sobre a dimensão histórico-teológica do martírio no Antigo e Novo Testamento, como também, nos primeiros séculos. O objetivo é iniciar uma pesquisa sobre as possibilidades e consequências do alargamento do conceito clássico de martírio. Não se pretende obter com este artigo uma análise conclusiva do tema, mas, sim, traçar algumas possibilidades para a continuidade da pesquisa. A premissa desta tese estaria em encontrar na dupla dimensão do único mandamento – amar a Deus sobre todas as coisas e ao próximo como a si mesmo – um conceito de martírio que abarque a situação vivida e sofrida na América Latina. A teologia do Martírio perpassa a teologia da Cruz que brota de uma teologia da Esperança. Logo, se pode dizer, numa primeira análise, que a teologia do Martírio é o resultado de uma práxis que tem por base a teologia da Esperança-Cruz.
Concepções e uso da mídia e da internet na Igreja Católica
Authors: Lemos Carolina Teles , Amado Wolmir Therezio
Published: July 2020

Pode-se afirmar que uma das características socioculturais da atualidade é a presença da mídia como espaço e forma de comunicações sociais. As redes sociais tornaram-se algo maior do que um mero canal de relacionamentos ultrapassando essa barreira e se tornando fontes inesgotáveis de produção e de consumo de informações. Em tal contexto, lança-se as perguntas: e a Igreja Católica, como tem reagido? Quais têm sido seus principais posicionamentos em relação à presença massiva das diferentes redes de comunicação social? Como a Igreja Católica compreende e utiliza os meios de comunicação social em suas concepções e práticas pastorais? A intenção deste artigo é apresentar respostas a essas perguntas. Para isso, nos posicionamos, desde uma perspectiva histórica, tendo como fontes documentos produzidos pelo Vaticano, pelos Papas em diferentes períodos históricos da Igreja Católica e por outras fontes de informação. Entende-se que a referida Igreja tem apresentado um duplo posicionamento: encorajar o seu progresso correto e sua justa utilização para o desenvolvimento, a justiça e a paz da humanidade; comunicar na e pela própria Igreja, tendo por base a comunhão de amor entre as Pessoas divinas e sua comunicação conosco.
Prevalence and knowledge of risk factors for diabetes mellitus among secondary school teachers in Abakaliki Educational Zone, Nigeria
Authors: Azuogu BN , Madubueze UC , Una AF , Okedo-Alex IN , Azuogu VC
Published: July 2020

Background: Teachers play an important role in delivering health education to empower students with skills for healthy living pertinent to prevent the development of non-communicable diseases. The development of non-communicable disease like hypertension, diabetes, obesity and cancers is highly associated with modifiable lifestyle. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of self-reported Diabetes Mellitus, knowledge of its risk factors as well as risk factors among secondary school teachers in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 282 secondary school teachers selected through multistage sampling technique using a self-administered pre-tested questionnaire for data collection. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 to determine associations between socio-demographic variables and knowledge of the risk factors for diabetes mellitus. Results: The prevalence of self-reported diabetes mellitus among the teachers was 3.5%. The knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus was generally poor as about 60% of respondents were categorized as having poor knowledge and 4.9% of them had glycosuria while majority 172 (61.0%) reported family history of Diabetes Mellitus. More than half (58.5%) reported not engaging in any form of physical exercise and more than half were considered overweight/obese. There was statistically significant relationship between family history and general knowledge of diabetes mellitus risk factors, (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Knowledge of risk factors of diabetes mellitus was poor among the teachers, and there is urgent need for orientation towards routine screening for diabetes mellitus for this group of professionals who are strategic for education of teenagers.
Comparison of socioeconomic status of parents and Body Mass Index of their in-school adolescents in Cross River state, Nigeria
Authors: Ekpenyong BN , Essien V , Ndep AO , Onwusaka O , Peter A
Published: July 2020

Background: Overweight and obesity as well as underweight in adolescence are risk factors of chronic diseases that occur in adulthood. The objective of this research was to assess the Body Mass Index of in-school adolescents and its relationship to socioeconomic status of their parents.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 454 adolescents aged 10-19 years selected from five secondary schools using multistage sampling technique. A semi-structured interviewer questionnaire was used to collect relevant information from the adolescents and their anthropometric measurement to determine their Body Mass Index. Their Body Mass Index was categorized into obese, overweight, normal and underweight using the International Obesity Task Force reference. Analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 20.1. Results: The prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight among the adolescents was 7.7%, 1.1% and 32.8% respectively. None of the students in the public schools was obese while 2.1% of the adolescents were obese in the private schools. Adolescents in public schools had a higher percentage of underweight (65.4%) compared to those in private schools (34.5%) and this was found statistically significant (p<0.001). There was an overall higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among the females than found among the males. This was also the case for adolescents from higher socio-economic parents. These differences were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The Body Mass Index status of the in-school adolescents studied was found to increase with increased socioeconomic status of their parents. This underscores the need for sensitization of in-school adolescents to see the need of knowing their nutritional status and ways to avoid the consequences of abnormal Body Mass Index.
Developing English Oral Communication Instructional Materials for Nursing School
Authors: Lekipiouw Agustinus
Published: July 2020

Peningkatan kualitas pendidikan dapat dilakukan dalam beberapa aspek, seperti: kebijakan, manajemen, sarana prasarana, dan sumber daya pengelola pendidikan. Guru sebagai sumber daya kunci pelaksanaan pendidikan memegang peranan penting dan menentukan. Sukses tidaknya pelaksanaan pendidikan ditingkat lembaga terutama tergantung pada guru. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan rancangan penelitian diskriptif korelasional. Dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri di Kota Ambon sejumlah 22 lembaga dengan populasi 950 orang dan jumlah sampel 274 orang. Sampel diambil dengan random proporsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner atau angket sebagai instrumen dalam pengumpulan data penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan supervisi pengajaran dengan kinerja guru SMP Negeri di Kota Ambon. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dengan kinerja guru SMP Negeri di Kota Ambon.
Keefektifan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbuka dan Learning Cycle dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Proses dan Hasil Belajar Kimia Siswa Kelas X Sma Negeri 3 Bontang
Authors: Solihin Imam
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan model inkuiri terbuka dan model pembelajaran LC 5E dalam meningkatkan kualitas proses dan hasil belajar kimia serta kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit. Penelitian ini mengunakan desain eksperimen faktorial 2 × 2. Populasi penelitian yang berjumlah 132 siswa dengan sampel yang dipilih menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Sampel terdiri atas 66 siswa yang terbagi dalam dua kelompok kelas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model inkuiri terbuka dan model pembelajaran LC 5E, mampu meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran, pemahaman konsep dan keterampilan proses serta sikap ilmiah siswa, tidak terdapat perbedaan keefektifan yang signifikan antara model inkuiri terbuka dan LC 5E dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar kimia siswa.
Pembelajaran Berbasis Inkuiri dengan Model The 5 E Learning Cycle dapat Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Purnomo Rudi
Published: July 2020

Pembelajaran inkuiri dengan model The 5E Learning Cycle dapat digunakan meningkatkan keaktifan belajar dan hasil belajar siswa. Tujuan dari pembelajaran ini agar siswa tidak cenderung pasif dan kurang aktif dalam belajar, juga siswa tidak mempunyai kecenderungan pada hafalan-hafalan saja. Keaktifan siswa diperoleh dari data keterlibatan mereka dalam keberanian bertanya, keberanian mengemukakan pendapat, dan keberanian mempertanyakan gagasan saat pembelajaran. Hasil belajar meliputi aspek keterampilan belajar, aspek psikomotorik dan aspek kognitif yang dipeoleh dari evaluasi (tes) kepada siswa.
Morfologia urbana Britânica
Authors: Whitehand Jeremy , Oliveira Vitor
Published: July 2020

Este artigo descreve as origens, o desenvolvimento e as características da escola de pensamento em morfologia urbana construída a partir do trabalho de M. R. G. Conzen. Depois de se considerarem as influências iniciais de Schlüter e Geisler, é dada atenção aos conceitos desenvolvidos por Conzen – o ciclo da parcela burguesa, a cintura periférica, o quadro morfológico e a região morfológica. Na segunda parte do artigo apresentam-se três exemplos de investigação construídos sobre as fundações lançadas por Conzen, nomeadamente a ‘micromorfologia’, a relação entre períodos morfológicos e processo tipológico, e a ligação entre tomada de decisão e forma urbana.
Estratégia projetual e configuração urbana
Authors: Leão Rego Renato , Hollatz Andrya , Cardoso Gustavo , Tavares Maria
Published: July 2020

Cianorte e Angélica são cidades novas planejadas em frentes pioneiras de colonização agrícola no interior do Brasil. Ambas traçadas nos primeiros anos da década de 1950, cada uma delas se filia a uma tradição urbanística específica: Cianorte fez ressoar tardiamente a noção da cidade como obra de arte, conjugada com princípios formais do ideário cidade jardim; Angélica concretizou precocemente no país o urbanismo racionalista da cidade funcional. Contrastando as duas formas urbanas, este trabalho explora as estratégias adotadas por seus projetistas e trata de apontar potencialidades e fragilidades destes traçados. Como resultado, este estudo morfológico revela, por um lado, a conformação de uma cidade moldada por preceitos clássicos de composição e a criação de uma paisagem urbana única, e, por outro, de uma cidade radicalmente moderna, funcionalmente padronizada e uniforme. Nos dois casos, a estratégia projetual repercutiu no desenvolvimento da forma urbana: em Angélica o uso e a ocupação do tecido urbano não se sujeitaram à configuração modernista e revolucionária dos elementos morfológicos; em Cianorte, o crescimento urbano ignorou o projeto da cidade bela e deixou de materializar o urbanismo proposto.
Mutações Urbanas na Região Metropolitana de Campinas
Authors: Turczyn Daniel Teixeira , Monteiro Evandro Ziggiatti
Published: July 2020

O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar e analisar áreas que podem ser classificadas como mutações urbanas na Região Metropolitana de Campinas, estado de São Paulo/Brasil, e evidenciar os padrões de paisagens mais recorrentes na sua formação. A Região Metropolitana de Campinas é constituída por vinte municípios e sete deles apresentam áreas que podem ser identificadas como mutações urbanas. Mutação urbana é um conceito forjado por Solà-Morales (2002) que auxilia o entendimento das dinâmicas de formação da cidade contemporânea. O método baseia-se em uma abordagem que utiliza o conceito de mutação como chave para uma sintaxe de leitura espacial, permitindo enfatizar e delimitar as aglomerações urbanas que compartilham o mesmo conjunto de características morfológicas. O método inclui procedimentos de análise de imagens aéreas e de fotografias urbanas disponibilizadas pelas ferramentas Google Earth e Google Street View. Os resultados apontam a formação de um eixo metropolitano que concentra vinte e uma mutações urbanas e extensas áreas de vazios urbanos. A paisagem urbana que está sendo formada é genérica e carente de elementos típicos da cidade tradicional pública e democrática, sendo estruturada por um conjunto de vinte e cinco padrões de paisagens, que retratam o ambiente construído na escala do pedestre.
A rua como ambiente inclusivo
Authors: Gomes Viridiana Gabriel , Blumenschein Raquel Naves
Published: July 2020

O espaço do pedestre é o objeto de estudo do “método de avaliação da rua”, proposto para analisar se o mesmo apresenta-se como um ambiente inclusivo ao pedestre. A estrutura de análise parte das contribuições de Anderson (1981), sobre espaços de compartilhamento e o conceito de “simpatria” na linha da ecologia urbana, bem como de Alexander (1965) sobre a ordenação dos sistemas urbanos e o conceito de complexidade associado às sobreposições ordenadas. A pesquisa identificou atributos relacionados a espaços inclusivos: permeabilidade, latência, robustez, acessibilidade, resiliência, complexidade, simpatria, articulação e vitalidade. O artigo apresenta parte de um estudo aplicado em determinadas ruas locais da cidade de Brasília e traz a análise de elementos referentes à dimensão morfológica, tais como a configuração espacial das ocupações e seu padrão de implantação. Os impactos sobre o espaço caminhável foram analisados a partir da relação entre a implantação dos blocos comerciais, as calçadas e as ruas. Os resultados mostraram como a mudança da forma interferiu na apropriação do espaço. Espera-se que o método proposto possa contribuir para a validação das ferramentas de avaliação qualitativa no processo de planejamento de ambientes inclusivos, favorecendo a restituição do espaço do pedestre como base para o florescimento do conteúdo social.
Choques morfológicos e crises de sociabilidade no espaço universitário e no espaço urbano
Authors: Rodrigues Luiz Augusto Fernandes
Published: July 2020

Meus estudos de doutorado desenvolvidos nos anos 1990 me levaram a concluir/constatar que o modelo urbano e arquitetônico modernista se revelou falacioso, mesmo que tendo se constituído como modelo cristalizado no Brasil (Autor, 2001). Falacioso tanto no sentido de que uma das máximas da arquitetura modernista "a forma segue a função" produziu campus e cidades universitárias povoadas de edifícios-ícones muitas vezes com graves deficiências de utilização (como questões sonoras e ambientais do Instituto Central de Ciências (ICC) da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), projetado por Oscar Niemeyer, entre outros exemplos), assim como a preconização de se ter o espaço universitário como um dos setores conformadores da planejada cidade moderna (conforme preceituada pela Carta de Atenas, de 1933) promoveu, em muitos casos, uma ruptura desastrosa e elitizada entre cidade e universidade. Em complemento a isso, os ideários do planejamento estratégico contemporâneo da virada do século XX para o XXI, ao invés de se afastar de soluções que já vinham se mostrando desagregadoras, vão na direção de acirrar determinadas características setorizantes e excludentes (mesmo que travestidas de inclusivas e diversificadas) que privilegiam as relações econômicas em detrimento das relações socais, produzindo espaços de forte atratividade turística e de investimentos de capitais internacionais globais, mas que não potencializam relações de sociabilidade e de apropriação espacial mais efetiva. Pode-se observar tais resultados tanto nos estudos que desenvolvi sobre as soluções urbanas implementadas na cidade de Niterói/RJ, a partir de projetos arquitetônicos de Oscar Niemeyer (Autor, 2015a; 2015b), assim como diversos estudos sobre regeneração de áreas portuárias pelo mundo afora, como no caso da região do Porto Maravilha (Rio de Janeiro/RJ) que apontam o mesmo tipo de solução: espaços de forte atratividade turística e de consumo estruturados a partir de soluções arquitetônicas emblemáticas "assinadas" pelos mais reconhecidos arquitetos internacionais. Se o campus moderno/modernista se mostrou um modelo falacioso uniforme/uniformizador, o modelo urbano atual se mostra regido por lógica similar. Este texto busca reforçar a necessidade de soluções urbanas capazes de se contrapor a esta lógica, se configurando como alternativas que possam justificar a expressão de Walter Benjamin ao propor "varrer a história a contrapêlo". Busca-se refletir sobre a produção do espaço e as práticas socioculturais resultantes e vislumbrar/flagrar formas de produção de espaço que tragam reforço à sociabilidade.
A Arquitetura como organismo e processo
Authors: Strappa Giuseppe , Ribeiro da Costa Higor
Published: July 2020

A arquitetura possui uma natureza própria, formada por uma prática que sintetiza coisas e ideias, e nada lhe é estranho no mundo atual. Essa é sua principal característica, que define sua prática profissional. Porém, como a arquitetura é sincrética por natureza, ela corre o risco de se perder em meio a tantas especializações com as quais tende a se identificar. Em seu texto, Giuseppe Strappa assere que é necessário delimitar e reconhecer logicamente o cerne científico da pesquisa e da prática projetual da arquitetura.Essa é a sua verdadeira questão epistemológica. Argumentando logicamente sobre as relações entre arquitetura e filosofia, o texto apresenta exemplos de como arquitetos e engenheiros souberam lidar com novos materiais e tecnologias em outros momentos históricos. Strappa conclui que é necessário ‘retornar ao contato direto com as coisas mais elementares’, redescobrindo os sentidos construtivos e simbólicos dos elementos da arquitetura.
A comunidade flutuante Lago Catalão – Iranduba AM:
Authors: Pinheiro Luana , Cardoso Ana Cláudia
Published: July 2020

Este texto investiga o espaço, autoconstruído e autogerido sobre as águas, da comunidade do Lago Catalão (Iranduba AM), destacando sua resiliência e capacidade de adaptação ao longo do tempo aos regimes dos rios, que apresentam cheias e estiagens cada vez mais intensas no contexto de mudanças climáticas. A caracterização do sítio e modo de vida somada a análises morfológicas indicam que existe uma consciência espontânea na comunidade, por meio da qual são (re)produzidas tipologias flutuantes e arranjos espaciais sobre as águas, graças à possibilidade de apropriação coletiva da várzea. Há uma dinâmica espacial singular no assentamento flutuante, que se reestrutura sazonalmente sobre a água, respeitando a uma lógica de gradação da transição público-privado e de condições de acesso ao rio e à terra firme, e demanda a proposição de novas categorias de análise morfológica para a devida caracterização do processo de reconfiguração espacial dos flutuantes: aglutinação, expansão, permuta e transferência. Tais processos são respostas adaptativa aos ciclos hidrológicos, relações de vizinhança dentro do grupo familiar, e necessidade de rodízio dos flutuantes de uso comum. Todos esses movimentos são possíveis graças à fluidez da água, que diferentemente da terra não prende as edificações ao solo nem favorece a fixação de lotes.
Especial trabalhos selecionados do PNUM 2019 + Perspetivas: Bill Hillier (Editorial)
Authors: Schwabe Meneguetti Karin , Rego Renato , Beloto Gislaine
Published: July 2020

Este número da Revista de Morfologia Urbana traz um conjunto de dez artigos selecionados dentre mais de uma centena de trabalhos apresentados no PNUM 2019 – o oitavo encontro anual da Rede Lusófona de Morfologia Urbana, realizado em Maringá, no estado do Paraná, no sul do Brasil – abordando o tema “Forma Urbana e Natureza”. Além desses dez artigos, outros dois estão publicados na seção aberta deste número da revista.  A seção Perspetivas faz uma homenagem a Bill Hillier, com textos de pesquisadores que conviveram com ele em diferentes momentos de sua trajetória, e a seção Relatórios traz o relato sobre o PNUM 2019.
O conceito de rendimento da escola italiana de morfologia
Authors: Ribeiro da Costa Higor , Leão Rego Renato
Published: July 2020

Como transpor o conceito de ‘rendimento’ da escola italiana de morfologia urbana para a língua portuguesa e associá-lo diretamente à escala da cidade? Desenvolvido originalmente por Gianfranco Caniggia e seus discípulos, o conceito de ‘rendimento’ expressa uma ideia de adaptação, aproveitamento e eficiência, e foi sobretudo empregado na leitura de conjuntos edificados e territórios. Entretanto, o ‘rendimento’ ainda não foi aplicado na análise e proposição de novos traçados urbanos. O que se faz neste artigo, portanto, é interpretar o conceito a partir de sua etimologia e do arcabouço italiano, adaptando-o para a escala da cidade e possibilitando que o ‘rendimento’ possa ser aplicado em novos projetos. Por meio de argumentação lógica, serão revisados os principais autores que trataram do rendimento e suas considerações serão associadas e sintetizadas em uma definição lusófona. Como resultado, o conceito de ‘rendimento urbano’ será desenvolvido, traduzindo a relação entre traçado urbano e relevo, que pode servir de parâmetro para o projeto de novas áreas urbanas. A conclusão apontará que o ‘rendimento’ perpassa as relações entre imaginário coletivo e paisagem, entre indivíduo, cultura e território, proporcionando uma compreensão mais abrangente da cidade e novos horizontes projetuais.
Identificação de Composições da Paisagem Urbana
Authors: Favarão Leão Ana Luiza , Queiroz Abonizio Hugo , Barbon Júnior Sylvio , Kanashiro Milena
Published: July 2020

A composição do ambiente pode exercer impactos sobre comportamentos, no entanto, esta relação permanece incerta até que qualidades e a paisagem das cidades possam ser analisadas empiricamente. Imagens obtidas através do Google Street View (GSV) possibilitam um grande volume de dados para avaliação automatizada das características ambientais. Técnicas de deep learning tem avançado na identificação de elementos compositivos do ambiente construído. Neste sentido, este estudo busca investigar e testar um procedimento de identificação da configuração e composição da paisagem urbana, por meio da classificação de imagens obtidas pelo GSV. A partir de um banco de imagens de três bairros de Londrina-PR, um modelo de deep learning para classificação de imagens foi proposto. O modelo obteve um bom desempenho, atribuindo corretamente 87,6% das amostras dos respectivos bairros do estudo de caso. Características compositivas foram empiricamente identificadas, considerando a distribuição das amostras no espaço de busca obtido. O modelo proposto contribui na definição de recortes espaciais bem como na mensuração de qualidades ambientais, otimizando coletas de dados, ampliando amostras e conferindo objetividade aos resultados. Esta abordagem contribui na expansão das escalas analíticas da cidade, identificando padrões compositivos e relacionais para o entendimento de elementos influentes no comportamento humano.