bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capítulo 17: Análisis comparativo in vitro de la actividad antibacteriana del hidróxido de calcio - yodoformo con el paramonoclorofenol alcanforado en el crecimiento del Enterococcus faecalis
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Peñaloza De La Torre Ulises Massino , Salazar Paco Olga Elizabeth ,   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann,   Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Pezo Jiménez Omar ,   Universidad Privada de Tacna, Peñaloza de la Torre Vanessa Catherine ,   Junta de Fiscales Superiores de Tacna – Ministerio Público, Pezo Jimenez Julissa Paola ,   Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM)
Published: September 2023

La resistencia bacteriana no está exenta de provocar recidivas infecciosas en los tratamientos de conducto de piezas dentales con necrosis pulpar; siendo el Enterococcus faecalis identificado como el principal responsable. Objetivo: determinar mediante el análisis comparativo in vitro la actividad antibacteriana del hidróxido de calcio - yodoformo frente al paramonoclorofenol alcanforado en el crecimiento del Enterococcus faecalis. Metodología: enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada, nivel explicativo, diseño laboratorial cuasi experimental; la técnica empleada fue la observación experimental. Se empleó un instrumento de observación estructurado dicotómico; la población estuvo conformada por cepas de Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 con los grupos experimentales y un grupo control, preparándose 30 réplicas. Resultados: mediante la prueba exacta de Fisher con un nivel de significancia de alfa = 0,05, un p < 0,05, se evidenció que el paramonoclorofenol alcanforado generó un alto nivel de inhibición del crecimiento bacteriano, comportándose como solución eficaz a diferencia del hidróxido de calcio – yodoformo que no generó reacción antibacteriana. Conclusión: queda evidenciado que el uso de paramonoclorofenol alcanforado de Biodinámica ® generó un alto nivel de inhibición de crecimiento del Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in vitro, frente al hidróxido de calcio – yodoformo de Calplus - Prevest Denpro Limited ®.
Capítulo 7: Mineralización de la carga orgánica contenido en matrices acuosas hospitalarias mediante proceso Foto-Fenton
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Olortico Soto Stefany Deyse , Melgar Merino Arturo Misael ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Solís Llallico Mensia Basilia ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Quispe Coquil Violeta ,   Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, Álvarez Bernuy Silvia Marina ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Salgado Samaniego Edwin ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, de la Cruz Porta Erika Amelia ,   Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Published: September 2023

Los hospitales consumen en promedio de 400 -1200 L de agua/día/cama, generando grandes volúmenes de aguas residuales caracterizadas por una diversidad de componentes tóxicos como fármacos, desinfectantes, microorganismos altamente patógenos y potencialmente elementos radiactivos. Las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales hospitalarios resultan ineficaces para la eliminación de los compuestos y microorganismos, ingresando a los ecosistemas causando un considerable impacto ambiental y de salud pública. Ante este panorama surge la tecnología denominada Procesos de Oxidación Avanzada, que generan especies altamente oxidantes, capaces de mineralizar los contaminantes orgánicos a CO2 y H2O, y que son amigables con el ambiente y económicos. En este sentido, el fin del proyecto fue determinar la mineralización de la carga orgánica contenida en las matrices acuosas residuales hospitalarias mediante el uso del POA foto-Fenton. De los resultados se observa; luego de evaluar los niveles de las variables tiempo de contacto: 20 min, 30 min y 50 min, volumen de peróxido de hidrógeno: 3 mL, 5 mL y 7 mL, y cantidad de sulfato ferroso en 0,5 g; 1 g y 2 g; los valores óptimos de los factores en que se alcanzaron la mineralización fueron: tiempo de contacto 30 minutos, peróxido 5 mL y sulfato 0,5 g, alcanzando mineralizaciones mayores al 90 %. Estos resultados hacen muy promisoria esta tecnología en el abatimiento de los contaminantes orgánicos en matrices acuosas hospitalarias.
ORD. V. A. GORDLEVSKİY, “HOCA AHMED YESEVİ”
Authors: ABZHALOV Sultanmurat , KURANBEK Asset
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışma, Orta Asya ve Türk halklarının tarihi, kültürü ve maneviyatını tanıma açısından önemli bir yere sahip Sovyet oryantalist-Türkolog, Türk dili, edebiyatı, folkloru ve Türk tarihi uzmanı Vladimir Aleksandroviç Gordlevski’nin (1876-1956) Hoca Ahmed Yesevi isimli makalesinin çevirisinden oluşmaktadır. V.A. Gordlevskiy, Türk dili, tarihi, etnografyası, folkloru ve Türkiye edebiyatı üzerine birçok Türkiye gezileri sırasında incelemeye başladığı üç yüze yakın eserin müellifidir. Yazarın makalelerinin çoğu bilimsel değere sahip olmasına rağmen henüz yayınlanmamıştır. Çevirisi yapılan makale, Gordlevski’nin Türkistan’a yaptığı yolculuğunda elde ettiği bilgiler ve Ahmet Yesevi, mescit, tekke ve halvethane hakkındaki gözlemleri ve literatürde yer alan bilgilerin harmanından oluşmaktadır. Yazara göre zamanın dar ve bilgilerin yetersizliği nedeniyle yazdıkları eksik ve kopuktur.
The Influence of Knowledge of Madrasah Teachers About Wadiah Savings Products and Interests Becoming a Customer at a Sharia Bank in Indramayu
Authors: Leli Kurniati
Published: September 2023

The presence of Islamic banks in the midst of society is a solution or answer to the anxiety of prospective customers who want to obtain banking services without having to be familiar with usury, especially the Muslim community knows that usury is not permitted in Islamic law, therefore Islamic banking is here to answer that problem. However, the community's response was very diverse with the presence of Islamic banking, there were those who fully supported the presence of Islamic banking, there were those who refused and there were those who did not know that Islamic banking was present in their midst. community role model. One of the influential figures in society is that there are still many who have not used sharia banking services. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with the method used frequency distribution which aims to find out how much knowledge Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah Teachers have about Wadiah Savings Products and their interest in becoming customers at Islamic Banks, while data collection uses questionnaires or questionnaires which are distributed to all Village MDTA Teachers Jatisawit, Indramayu Regency. The conclusions that can be obtained are as follows: For a long time, Knowledge of Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah Teachers about Wadiah Savings is very knowledgeable at a percentage of 51.25%. Second , the interest of Madrasah Diniyah Takmiliyah Awaliyah teachers regarding wadiah savings products for their interest in becoming customers is very high because the percentage is 60%.
建筑结构中桩基设计浅析
Authors: 张 奥列
Published: September 2023

在建筑行业快速发展的时代背景下，房屋结构的耐久性和安全性被提到越来越重要的位置。而桩基础设计又是结构设计环节中最为关键的一环，所以设计人员需要按照相关的规范，科学合理地做好桩基设计工作。
Unge i risiko for udvikling af misbrug af rusmidler og social marginalisering
Authors: Fink Nanna , Pedersen Mads Uffe
Published: September 2023

Kan man allerede tidligt identificere fremtidens marginaliserede borgere, og findes der et link mellem på den ene side problematisk brug af rusmidler og social marginalisering og på den anden side tidligt identificerbare personlige/sociale kendetegn. I denne artikel gives et bud på et sådant link.
Hvad skal vi med socialpolitikken?
Authors: Fink Nanna , Ploug Niels
Published: September 2023

Socialpolitikken står af mange grunde i skyggen af andre politikområder som beskæftigelses-, uddannelses- og sundhedspolitikken. Men der er brug for en selvstændig socialpolitisk debat og politikudvikling, der tager de forhold og problemer for borgerne, der ikke kan løses af de andre politikområder, alvorligt.
10 år efter – universitetsmarxismen set fra 1978
Authors: Fink Nanna , Petersen Lars Axel
Published: September 2023

"Der er check på det hele så vidt jeg ka’ se fra mit ståsted i en rygekupé" C.V. Jørgensen, ”Ude af sync”
Udfordringer for det danske kommunale udligningssystem og dets fremtid
Authors: Fink Nanna , Lyck Lise
Published: September 2023

Skal udligningssystemet være funderet på saglige transparente argumenter, eller skal det have utilsigtede konsekvenser og være kendetegnet af politiske ad hoc forsøg på lapperier? Danmark, danske borgere og kommuner har efter forfatterens mening krav på, at udligningsprobematikken tages alvorligt, og at der etableres et transparent fair system, der er holdbart for et Danmark i dynamisk balance.
Fondene, forskningen og friheden
Authors: Thorsen Bo Jellesmark
Published: September 2023

Årene siden årtusindskiftet har budt på massive forandringer for de danske universiteter. I de senere år er de offentlige bevillinger stagneret, men til gengæld vokser bevillingerne fra private fonde og har fået et betydeligt omfang. Der er meget godt at sige om denne udvikling. Det betyder, at der er flere, som tager et betydeligt ansvar for at holde den danske forskning fremme i verdenseliten. Men udviklingen kan også give anledning til bekymring; den er med stor hast i gang med at fratage universiteterne friheden til at planlægge og investere langsigtet og til at prioritere mellem de forskellige fagmiljøer.
Den økonomiske politik under Donald Trump
Authors: Brøns-Petersen Otto
Published: September 2023

Trump-administrationens økonomiske politik er yderst sammensat. Den rækker fra protektionistisk handelspolitik, restriktiv immigrationspolitik, ekspansiv finans- og udgiftspolitik til strukturreformer på især skatteområdet samt deregulering. Skattereformen vilhave strukturøkonomiske gevinster i form af bl.a. højere vækst, men vil ikke være fuldt selvfinansierende. Den vil derfor også bidrage til en i forvejen hastigt voksende offentlig gæld.
Trumps handelspolitik
Authors: Bjørnskov Christian
Published: September 2023

Præsident Trump har lagt den amerikanske handelspolitik fundamentalt om. Denne artikel dokumenterer brugen af straftold, administrationens dybt misforståede merkantilistiske forståelse af international handel og politikkens økonomiske omkostninger og afledte skadevirkninger. Konsekvenserne af administrationens stål- og aluminiumstold inkluderer for eksempel ekstra omkostninger på 250-500 dollars per amerikansk-produceret bil. Der er dog ikke tale om et specifikt amerikansk fænomen, da Trumps handelspolitik ikke er væsensforskellig fra udmeldinger fra blandt andet den franske præsident, der også plæderer for øget protektionisme.
Den grønne omstilling af energisektoren
Authors: Morthorst Poul Erik , Kitzing Lena , M¨¨¨¨ünster Marie
Published: September 2023

Den grønne omstilling af energisektoren er i fuld gang, og indtil nu har der været betydelige successer specielt med indførelse af vedvarende energi (VE) og energieffektivisering i forsyningssektoren – men vi er ikke i mål, der er faktisk lang vej endnu. For at opnå en bæredygtig energisektor inden for den tidshorisont, der er nødvendigt for at afværge de værste klimaforandringer, må vi fordobleomstillingsraten og hive mange flere penge op af lommen, end vi hidtil har gjort. Denne artikel udforsker, hvor vi skal hen i den grønne omstilling (politiske målsætninger), hvordan vi kan opnå det (energipolitiske initiativer), hvordan den fremtidige energisektor kan se ud, og hvad der skal til, for at vi kan komme dertil (forskningsbehov).
Landbrugsudfordringen i relation til klimakrisen
Authors: Dubgaard Alex
Published: September 2023

Drivhusgasreduktioner i landbruget opnås lettest gennem udtagning af landbrugsjord og nedbringelse af den animalske produktion. Lækageeffekter begrænser effektiviteten af denne tilgang, hvorimod teknologiske ændringer giver mulighed for at opnå drivhusgasreduktioner med fuldt globalt gennemslag.
El pico: inteligencia artificial y estupidez humana
Authors: Lalueza Ferran , ChatGPT ChatGPT
Published: September 2023

¡Hola, ChatGPT! Soy el presidente de la Real Federación Española de Fútbol. Acabamos de ganar el Mundial con la selección femenina. En la entrega de premios, besé a una jugadora en la boca sin su consentimiento. Millones de personas han visto el momento a través de las cámaras y estoy recibiendo un montón de críticas. ¿Puedes ayudarme a gestionar la situación?
Strategies for effective employment in the context of the current features of the Russian labor market: convergence of formal and informal mechanisms
Authors: Svinukhova Yuliya Nikolaevna
Published: September 2023

The labor market naturally, like any other market, is influenced by various factors that provoke social risks and threats. For the Russian labor market, first of all, this is a number of specific institutional defects and current features inherent in it, which provoke difficulties in achieving the desired social and labor status and limit opportunities for decent employment. Therefore, the study of strategies and mechanisms that contribute to their minimization does not lose its relevance. The object of the study is effective employment. The subject is attracted channels and employment strategies. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is based on the concept of social capital, studies of the functioning of social capital in the Russian labor market, the concept of the egoset and the social graph. The empirical base of the analysis was made up of state statistics data. The paper uses secondary data analysis. The basis of the retrospective analysis was made up of monitoring data on youth issues conducted by the Socio-Political Research Sector of the Institute of Socio-Economic Research of the UFIC RAS in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The paper presents an empirical analysis of the intensity of the use of formal and informal employment mechanisms. The reasons for the low intensity of the use of formal state intermediaries in the labor market in employment strategies are substantiated. It is shown that effective employment strategies are formed on the basis of convergence of formal and informal mechanisms for finding decent jobs. It is proved that the intensification of the use by job seekers of such an informal employment resource as social capital is a reaction to the presence of characteristic institutional defects and features of the modern Russian labor market.
Prediction of diabetic kidney disease risk using machine learning models: A population-based cohort study of Asian adults
Authors: Sabanayagam Charumathi , He Feng , Nusinovici Simon , Li Jialiang , Lim Cynthia , Tan Gavin , Cheng Ching Yu
Published: September 2023

Background:

Machine learning (ML) techniques improve disease prediction by identifying the most relevant features in multidimensional data. We compared the accuracy of ML algorithms for predicting incident diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods:

We utilized longitudinal data from 1365 Chinese, Malay, and Indian participants aged 40–80 y with diabetes but free of DKD who participated in the baseline and 6-year follow-up visit of the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study (2004–2017). Incident DKD (11.9%) was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with at least 25% decrease in eGFR at follow-up from baseline. A total of 339 features, including participant characteristics, retinal imaging, and genetic and blood metabolites, were used as predictors. Performances of several ML models were compared to each other and to logistic regression (LR) model based on established features of DKD (age, sex, ethnicity, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, and body mass index) using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results:

ML model Elastic Net (EN) had the best AUC (95% CI) of 0.851 (0.847–0.856), which was 7.0% relatively higher than by LR 0.795 (0.790–0.801). Sensitivity and specificity of EN were 88.2 and 65.9% vs. 73.0 and 72.8% by LR. The top 15 predictors included age, ethnicity, antidiabetic medication, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, eGFR, and metabolites related to lipids, lipoproteins, fatty acids, and ketone bodies.

Conclusions:

Our results showed that ML, together with feature selection, improves prediction accuracy of DKD risk in an asymptomatic stable population and identifies novel risk factors, including metabolites.

Funding:

This study was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council, NMRC/OFLCG/MOH-001327-03 and NMRC/HCSAINV/MOH-001019-00. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Scavenger receptor endocytosis controls apical membrane morphogenesis in the Drosophila airways
Authors: Pinheiro Ana Sofia , Tsarouhas Vasilios , Senti Kirsten André , Arefin Badrul , Samakovlis Christos
Published: September 2023

The acquisition of distinct branch sizes and shapes is a central aspect in tubular organ morphogenesis and function. In the Drosophila airway tree, the interplay of apical extracellular matrix (ECM) components with the underlying membrane and cytoskeleton controls tube elongation, but the link between ECM composition with apical membrane morphogenesis and tube size regulation is elusive. Here, we characterized Emp (epithelial membrane protein), a Drosophila CD36 homolog belonging to the scavenger receptor class B protein family. emp mutant embryos fail to internalize the luminal chitin deacetylases Serp and Verm at the final stages of airway maturation and die at hatching with liquid filled airways. Emp localizes in apical epithelial membranes and shows cargo selectivity for LDLr-domain containing proteins. emp mutants also display over elongated tracheal tubes with increased levels of the apical proteins Crb, DE-cad, and phosphorylated Src (p-Src). We show that Emp associates with and organizes the βH-Spectrin cytoskeleton and is itself confined by apical F-actin bundles. Overexpression or loss of its cargo protein Serp lead to abnormal apical accumulations of Emp and perturbations in p-Src levels. We propose that during morphogenesis, Emp senses and responds to luminal cargo levels by initiating apical membrane endocytosis along the longitudinal tube axis and thereby restricts airway elongation.
Systems level identification of a matrisome-associated macrophage polarisation state in multi-organ fibrosis
Authors: Ouyang John F , Mishra Kunal , Xie Yi , Park Harry , Huang Kevin Y , Petretto Enrico , Behmoaras Jacques
Published: September 2023

Tissue fibrosis affects multiple organs and involves a master-regulatory role of macrophages which respond to an initial inflammatory insult common in all forms of fibrosis. The recently unravelled multi-organ heterogeneity of macrophages in healthy and fibrotic human disease suggests that macrophages expressing osteopontin (SPP1) associate with lung and liver fibrosis. However, the conservation of this SPP1+ macrophage population across different tissues and its specificity to fibrotic diseases with different etiologies remain unclear. Integrating 15 single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets to profile 235,930 tissue macrophages from healthy and fibrotic heart, lung, liver, kidney, skin, and endometrium, we extended the association of SPP1+ macrophages with fibrosis to all these tissues. We also identified a subpopulation expressing matrisome-associated genes (e.g., matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors), functionally enriched for ECM remodelling and cell metabolism, representative of a matrisome-associated macrophage (MAM) polarisation state within SPP1+ macrophages. Importantly, the MAM polarisation state follows a differentiation trajectory from SPP1+ macrophages and is associated with a core set of regulon activity. SPP1+ macrophages without the MAM polarisation state (SPP1+MAM-) show a positive association with ageing lung in mice and humans. These results suggest an advanced and conserved polarisation state of SPP1+ macrophages in fibrotic tissues resulting from prolonged inflammatory cues within each tissue microenvironment.
A pH-sensitive switch activates virulence in Salmonella
Authors: Shetty Dasvit , Kenney Linda J
Published: September 2023

The transcriptional regulator SsrB acts as a switch between virulent and biofilm lifestyles of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. During infection, phosphorylated SsrB activates genes on Salmonella Pathogenicity Island-2 (SPI-2) essential for survival and replication within the macrophage. Low pH inside the vacuole is a key inducer of expression and SsrB activation. Previous studies demonstrated an increase in SsrB protein levels and DNA-binding affinity at low pH; the molecular basis was unknown (Liew et al., 2019). This study elucidates its underlying mechanism and in vivo significance. Employing single-molecule and transcriptional assays, we report that the SsrB DNA-binding domain alone (SsrBc) is insufficient to induce acid pH-sensitivity. Instead, His12, a conserved residue in the receiver domain confers pH sensitivity to SsrB allosterically. Acid-dependent DNA binding was highly cooperative, suggesting a new configuration of SsrB oligomers at SPI-2-dependent promoters. His12 also plays a role in SsrB phosphorylation; substituting His12 reduced phosphorylation at neutral pH and abolished pH-dependent differences. Failure to flip the switch in SsrB renders Salmonella avirulent and represents a potential means of controlling virulence.
ER-to-lysosome Ca2+ refilling followed by K+ efflux-coupled store-operated Ca2+ entry in inflammasome activation and metabolic inflammation
Authors: Kang Hyereen , Choi Seong Woo , Kim Joo Young , Oh Soo-Jin , Kim Sung Joon , Lee Myung-Shik
Published: September 2023

We studied lysosomal Ca2+ in inflammasome. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) + palmitic acid (PA) decreased lysosomal Ca2+ ([Ca2+]Lys) and increased [Ca2+]i through mitochondrial ROS, which was suppressed in Trpm2-KO macrophages. Inflammasome activation and metabolic inflammation in adipose tissue of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were ameliorated by Trpm2 KO. ER→lysosome Ca2+ refilling occurred after lysosomal Ca2+ release whose blockade attenuated LPS + PA-induced inflammasome. Subsequently, store-operated Ca2+entry (SOCE) was activated whose inhibition suppressed inflammasome. SOCE was coupled with K+ efflux whose inhibition reduced ER Ca2+ content ([Ca2+]ER) and impaired [Ca2+]Lys recovery. LPS + PA activated KCa3.1 channel, a Ca2+-activated K+ channel. Inhibitors of KCa3.1 channel or Kcnn4 KO reduced [Ca2+]ER, attenuated increase of [Ca2+]i or inflammasome activation by LPS + PA, and ameliorated HFD-induced inflammasome or metabolic inflammation. Lysosomal Ca2+ release induced delayed JNK and ASC phosphorylation through CAMKII-ASK1. These results suggest a novel role of lysosomal Ca2+ release sustained by ER→lysosome Ca2+ refilling and K+ efflux through KCa3.1 channel in inflammasome activation and metabolic inflammation.
BRAIDing receptors for cell-specific targeting
Authors: Chen Hui , Lee Sung-Jin , Li Ryan , Sura Asmiti , Suen Nicholas , Dilip Archana , Pomogov Yan , Vuppalapaty Meghah , Suen Timothy T , Lu Chenggang , Post Yorick , Li Yang
Published: September 2023

Systemic toxicity is a major challenge in the development of therapeutics. Consequently, cell-type-specific targeting is needed to improve on-target efficacy while reducing off-target toxicity. Here, we describe a cell-targeting system we have termed BRAID (BRidged Activation by Intra/intermolecular Division) whereby an active molecule is divided into two inactive or less active parts that are subsequently brought together via a so-called ‘bridging receptor’ on the target cell. This concept was validated using the WNT/β-catenin signaling system, demonstrating that a multivalent WNT agonist molecule divided into two inactive components assembled from different epitopes via the hepatocyte receptor βKlotho induces signaling specifically on hepatocytes. These data provide proof of concept for this cell-specific targeting strategy, and in principle, this may also allow activation of multiple signaling pathways where desirable. This approach has broad application potential for other receptor systems.
Interdependence of plasma membrane nanoscale dynamics of a kinase and its cognate substrate underlies Arabidopsis response to viral infection
Authors: Jolivet Marie-Dominique , Deroubaix Anne-Flore , Boudsocq Marie , Abel Nikolaj B , Rocher Marion , Robbe Terezinha , Wattelet-Boyer Valérie , Huard Jennifer , Lefebvre Dorian , Lu Yi-Ju , Day Brad , Saias Grégoire , Ahmed Jahed , Cotelle Valérie , Giovinazzo Nathalie , Gallois Jean-Luc , Yamaji Yasuyuki , German-Retana Sylvie , Gronnier Julien , Ott Thomas , Mongrand Sébastien , Germain Véronique
Published: September 2023

Plant viruses represent a risk to agricultural production and as only a few treatments exist, it is urgent to identify resistance mechanisms and factors. In plant immunity, plasma membrane (PM)-localized proteins play an essential role in sensing the extracellular threat presented by bacteria, fungi or herbivores. Viruses are intracellular pathogens and as such the role of the plant PM in detection and resistance against viruses is often overlooked. We investigated the role of the partially PM-bound Calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 (CPK3) in viral infection and we discovered that it displayed a specific ability to hamper viral propagation over CPK isoforms that are involved in immune response to extracellular pathogens. More and more evidence support that the lateral organization of PM proteins and lipids underlies signal transduction in plants. We showed here that CPK3 diffusion in the PM is reduced upon activation as well as upon viral infection and that such immobilization depended on its substrate, Remorin (REM1.2), a scaffold protein. Furthermore, we discovered that the viral infection induced a CPK3-dependent increase of REM1.2 PM diffusion. Such interdependence was also observable regarding viral propagation. This study unveils a complex relationship between a kinase and its substrate that contrasts with the commonly described co-stabilisation upon activation while it proposes a PM-based mechanism involved in decreased sensitivity to viral infection in plants.
Interdependence of a kinase and its cognate substrate plasma membrane nanoscale dynamics underlies Arabidopsis response to viral infection
Authors: Jolivet Marie-Dominique , Deroubaix Anne-Flore , Boudsocq Marie , Abel Nikolaj B. , Rocher Marion , Robbe Terezinha , Wattelet-Boyer Valérie , Huard Jennifer , Lefebvre Dorian , Lu Yi-Ju , Day Brad , Saias Grégoire , Ahmed Jahed , Cotelle Valérie , Giovinazzo Nathalie , Gallois Jean-Luc , Yamaji Yasuyuki , German-Retana Sylvie , Gronnier Julien , Ott Thomas , Mongrand Sébastien , Germain Véronique
Published: September 2023

Plant viruses represent a risk to agricultural production and as only few treatments exist, it is urgent to identify resistance mechanisms and factors. In plant immunity, plasma membrane (PM)-localized proteins are playing an essential role in sensing the extracellular threat presented by bacteria, fungi or herbivores. Viruses being intracellular pathogens, the role of the plant PM in detection and resistance against viruses is often overlooked. We investigated the role of the partially PM-bound Calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 (CPK3) in viral infection and we discovered that it displayed a specific ability to hamper viral propagation over CPK isoforms that are involved in immune response to extracellular pathogens. More and more evidence support that the lateral organization of PM proteins and lipids underlies signal transduction in plants. We showed here that CPK3 diffusion in the PM is reduced upon activation as well as upon viral infection and that such immobilization depended on its substrate, Remorin (REM1.2), a scaffold protein. Furthermore, we discovered that the viral infection induced a CPK3-dependent increase of REM1.2 PM diffusion. Such interdependence was also observable regarding viral propagation. This study unveils a complex relationship between a kinase and its substrate that contrasts with the commonly described co-stabilisation upon activation while it proposes a PM-based mechanism involved in decreased sensitivity to viral infection in plants.
Large-scale characterization of cocaine addiction-like behaviors reveals that escalation of intake, aversion-resistant responding, and breaking-points are highly correlated measures of the same construct
Authors: de Guglielmo Giordano , Carrette Lieselot , Kallupi Marsida , Brennan Molly , Boomhower Brent , Maturin Lisa , Conlisk Dana , Sedighim Sharona , Tieu Lani , Fannon McKenzie J , Martinez Angelica R , Velarde Nathan , Othman Dyar , Sichel Benjamin , Ramborger Jarryd , Lau Justin , Kononoff Jenni , Kimbrough Adam , Simpson Sierra , Smith Lauren C , Shankar Kokila , Bonnet-Zahedi Selene , Sneddon Elizabeth A , Avelar Alicia , Plasil Sonja Lorean , Mosquera Joseph , Crook Caitlin , Chun Lucas , Vang Ashley , Milan Kristel K , Schweitzer Paul , Lin Bonnie , Peng Beverly , Chitre Apurva S , Polesskaya Oksana , Solberg Woods Leah C , Palmer Abraham A , George Olivier
Published: September 2023

Addiction is commonly characterized by escalation of drug intake, compulsive drug seeking, and continued use despite harmful consequences. However, the factors contributing to the transition from moderate drug use to these problematic patterns remain unclear, particularly regarding the role of sex. Many preclinical studies have been limited by small sample sizes, low genetic diversity, and restricted drug access, making it challenging to model significant levels of intoxication or dependence and translate findings to humans. To address these limitations, we characterized addiction-like behaviors in a large sample of >500 outbred heterogeneous stock (HS) rats using an extended cocaine self-administration paradigm (6 hr/daily). We analyzed individual differences in escalation of intake, progressive ratio (PR) responding, continued use despite adverse consequences (contingent foot shocks), and irritability-like behavior during withdrawal. Principal component analysis showed that escalation of intake, progressive ratio responding, and continued use despite adverse consequences loaded onto a single factor that was distinct from irritability-like behaviors. Categorizing rats into resilient, mild, moderate, and severe addiction-like phenotypes showed that females exhibited higher addiction-like behaviors, with a lower proportion of resilient individuals compared to males. These findings suggest that, in genetically diverse rats with extended drug access, escalation of intake, continued use despite adverse consequences, and PR responding are highly correlated measures of a shared underlying construct. Furthermore, our results highlight sex differences in resilience to addiction-like behaviors.
Engineering multifunctional rhizosphere probiotics using consortia of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens transposon insertion mutants
Authors: Li Jingxuan , Yang Chunlan , Jousset Alexandre , Yang Keming , Wang Xiaofang , Xu Zhihui , Yang Tianjie , Mei Xinlan , Zhong Zengtao , Xu Yangchun , Shen Qirong , Friman Ville-Petri , Wei Zhong
Published: September 2023

While bacterial diversity is beneficial for the functioning of rhizosphere microbiomes, multi-species bioinoculants often fail to promote plant growth. One potential reason for this is that competition between different species of inoculated consortia members creates conflicts for their survival and functioning. To circumvent this, we used transposon insertion mutagenesis to increase the functional diversity within Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial species and tested if we could improve plant growth promotion by assembling consortia of highly clonal but phenotypically dissimilar mutants. While most insertion mutations were harmful, some significantly improved B. amyloliquefaciens plant growth promotion traits relative to the wild-type strain. Eight phenotypically distinct mutants were selected to test if their functioning could be improved by applying them as multifunctional consortia. We found that B. amyloliquefaciens consortium richness correlated positively with plant root colonization and protection from Ralstonia solanacearum phytopathogenic bacterium. Crucially, 8-mutant consortium consisting of phenotypically dissimilar mutants performed better than randomly assembled 8-mutant consortia, suggesting that improvements were likely driven by consortia multifunctionality instead of consortia richness. Together, our results suggest that increasing intra-species phenotypic diversity could be an effective way to improve probiotic consortium functioning and plant growth promotion in agricultural systems.
Why I cannot return home yet
Authors: Molina Mariano A
Published: September 2023

Studying abroad helped a Panamanian student to accept who he is, but it meant him letting go of his dream.
Performance evaluation of steel-concrete composite structures designed in poorly graded soils
Authors:   Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management, Munzur University, Tunceli (Türkiye), ETLİ Serkan
Published: September 2023

In this study, the seismic behavior of steel concrete composite buildings in a specific region was investigated. For this purpose, 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-storey composite moment-resisting framed structures were designed. Moment-resisting composite framed structures are modeled with concrete-filled steel tube columns and designed and modeled using composite beams. The buildings are designed according to ÇYTHYE-2016 and TBEC-2018 regulations at design levels with high ductility. In the design of the designed structures, the peak ground acceleration value is 0.79 g, and the design ground is planned as ZE class. SeismoStruct software was used for the design and performance evaluation of the structures. During the performance evaluations of the structures, nonlinear static pushover and incremental dynamic analyzes were used. Uniform and triangular load distributions are adopted in the static pushover analysis and 16 earthquake ground motions are used in the incremental dynamic analysis. Evaluation of the effect of the number of stories on the earthquake behavior of composite moment-resisting framed structures was investigated using the non-linear analyzes mentioned. Accordingly, lateral response, overstrength factors, ductility, and dynamic behavior factor values for composite frame structures were calculated and presented using the relevant analysis results. It has been calculated that the behavior factor of all moment-resisting composite framed structures can perform well above the design assumptions, whereas moment-resistant composite framed structures absorb seismic energy by using inelastic deformations. Ductility is almost 30% higher than the design assumption for international standards. As a result, it was concluded that these structures could continue to serve theoretically.
Sizing optimization of the protected steel components at elevated temperature
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Turkish-German University, İstanbul (Türkiye), Ulusoy Serdar
Published: September 2023

In this paper, the metaheuristic algorithms such as Flower pollination and Harmony search algorithms are proposed to optimize the sizes of the steel components at the elevated temperature dealing with EN 1993 1-2. The purpose of these algorithms inspired by nature is to obtain the appropriate cross-section properties of the welded I sections. Numerical examples from the literature consisting of the protected steel structural components have been resized under different fire situations such as 30-, 60- and 90-minutes fire time. Based on the results from the numerical examples, the effect of the fire protection materials on the objective function (total weight of the steel structures) is quite high and the reduction of the total cost is almost 30% compared with the other studies. In addition, one of the most important duties of civil engineers, ensuring the balance between economic efficiency and safety, is fulfilled in a short time with the aid of the metaheuristic algorithms.
A new perspective in construction management; the metaverse
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, (Türkiye), Oz Burak
Published: September 2023

A conceptual construction management model can be applied to the metaverse 3D technology in this study, which demonstrates how accelerated back-and-forth replays of the construction process can be used to evaluate the impact of new decisions on the project. Participants in the proposed model will be able to see exactly how their decisions during construction affect the progress of the project. In order to develop this model, three phases are required: 1) Analyzing the problem and planning the algorithm, 2) collecting data and designing the hybrid model utilizing artificial intelligence and construction network scheduling techniques, and 3) coding the algorithm. The design-based research will contribute to the development of new meta-models for construction management, present innovative ideas for students, engineers, and managers working in the field of construction management.
Feasibility study of dealuminated kaolin utilization in marine constructions
Authors:   Chemical Engineering Department, The Higher Institute of Engineering, Cairo (Egypt), I. Bendary Hazem , Heikal Mohamed ,   Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha (Egypt), A. Ali Mohamed ,   School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo (Egypt), Ghernaout Djamel ,   Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il (Saudi Arabia), Elboughdiri Noureddine ,   Chemical Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes (Tunisia)
Published: September 2023

In the marine environment, the resistance of cement structures to salts is the most critical factor affecting their life span. We investigated the sulfate attack of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and dealuminated kaolin (DK) blended cement in the marine environment. The performance of this cement was assessed by immersing the mortar specimens in fresh seawater for one year and measuring the strength development, reduction in compressive strength, expansion due to (SO42-) penetration, and weight change of the mortar specimens using the standard test methods. The results proved clearly that 7.5% (DK) blended cement mortar specimen is the best achieved the lowest reduction in compressive strength (10%), a relatively small weight gain (0.62%), and expanded to less than 0.10% at 1-year exposure so it is considered sulfate resistant.
Evaluation of cold emulsified bitumen mixes using recycled con-crete aggregates as a base course
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Warangal (India), Chakravarthi Sarella , Kumar Galipelli Raj ,   Civil Engineering Department, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur (India), Sabavath Shankar ,   Civil Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Warangal (India)
Published: September 2023

The utilization of cold bituminous mixes in road construction is an environmentally and economically viable alternative to other stabilization processes. Besides, the incorporation of recycled materials into the cold mixes increases sustainability and decreases waste generation. The stabilization of Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) with cement for pavement bases is a known one. However, the stabilization of RCA using bitumen emulsion is limited in nature. The present study evaluated the mechanical properties of the cold mixes prepared using RCA in different proportions (25%, 50%) with varying bitumen emulsion contents (5, 6, 7%). The compacted and cured samples are investigated for mechanical characteristics like density, Marshall Stability, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), Resilient Modulus, and permanent deformation. The dynamics of moisture evaporation and durability in terms of tensile strength ratios are studied. In the end, the vertical compressive and horizontal tensile strains of the pavement sections with bitumen emulsion stabilized bases are analyzed using IITPAVE software. The obtained results are compared using the critical strains calculated from the performance equations given by IRC (2018). It is noted that there is a decrease in the overall thickness of the pavement for the design traffic that varies from 5msa to 50msa. From this study, the base courses are recommended with bitumen emulsion treated RCA mixes, for traffic levels, up to 20 msa which would result in both -reductions in cost as well as the reduction in pavement overall-thickness. The present study also concluded that the optimum emulsion content of 6% does not show better resistance to permanent deformation. From the results, it is also suggested multi-variant mix-design criteria rather than a single indicative parameter.
Expression of heme oxygenase-1 in dendritic cells elicits T cell activation and confers protective immunity against HSV in an in vivo skin infection model
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Tognarelli Torres Eduardo Ignacio
Published: September 2023

Los virus herpes simple tipo 1 (HSV-1) y tipo 2 (HSV-2) son altamente prevalentes en la población, en parte debido a su frecuente diseminación, aún desde individuos asintomáticos. La infección por HSV puede producir diversas manifestaciones clínicas incluyendo lesiones en piel, ceguera, o incluso encefalitis severa. Un aspecto importante de HSV es su capacidad para interferir con la viabilidad y función de células dendríticas (DC), células presentadoras de antígeno que inician y modulan la respuesta inmune en la interfase entre inmunidad innata y adaptativa. Una enzima del hospedero que participa en respuesta inducida frente a estrés es hemo oxigenasa-1 (HO-1), que se ha visto posee actividad antiviral contra HSV en células epiteliales y neuronales. En este estudio, buscamos evaluar si HO-1 puede modular positivamente la viabilidad de DCs y su función frente a la infección por HSV, lo cual podría ser clave para establecer inmunidad protectora contra estos virus. Nuestros hallazgos indican que HO-1 reduce la infección en DC por HSV-1 y HSV-2, y provee protección contra la muerte celular que inducen estos virus en estas células. La sobreexpresión de HO-1 en DCs no promueve un incremento de los marcadores de maduración y activación, por el contrario, aumentan la presencia de marcadores inhibitorios. Las DCs que expresan HO-1 y están infectadas con HSV, en ensayos de co-cultivo activaron células T CD4 vírgenes hacia fenotipos T regulador (Treg), determinado por la expresión de FoxP3 y OX40, y T helper (Th17) por la secreción de IL-17. La mejora de la función de DCs producto de la expresión de HO-1 se debería a un defecto en el ciclo de replicación de HSV por una disminución en la liberación de partículas infecciosas desde DCs, sin causar un efecto sobre la replicación del genoma y síntesis proteica viral. En un modelo de encefalitis, la transferencia de DCs que expresan HO-1 e infectadas con HSV causó que los animales susceptibles sufrieran un adelanto y aumento de la severidad de la patología. Mientras que, en un modelo de infección en piel, la transferencia de estas DCs demoró el inicio de la enfermedad y redujo el puntaje clínico de la infección por HSV. Adicionalmente, la inducción por HO-1 promueve la migración de DCs a linfonodos popliteos (pLNs) y estimuló células T CD4 Th17 y Tregs. Finalmente, se encontraron en lesiones de piel células Th17, mientras que hubo presencia de T CD8 y Treg a tiempos tempranos y tardíos, respectivamente. Estos resultados sugieren que la expresión de HO-1 en DCs promueve control viral, junto con una respuesta antinflamatoria contra HSV que puede proveer protección en un modelo animal de infección.
La tutela preventiva del crédito ante la notoria insolvencia del deudor
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Derecho, Goic Martinic Pedro Antonio
Published: September 2023

La tutela que la ley concede al acreedor frente al deudor notoriamente insolvente es la facultad de anticipar el cumplimiento de una obligación aplazada debido a la pérdida de confianza por parte del acreedor que, llegado el tiempo de ejecución de la obligación, el deudor no podrá cumplir. Se trata de un efecto común que se extiende también a los supuestos de concurso de liquidación y pérdida o disminución de garantías contemplados en una sola regla de alcance general conocida comúnmente en doctrina nacional como casos de “caducidad legal”. Se trata pues, de una poderosa herramienta entregada al acreedor, que goza de clasicidad en su estructura y cuyo origen se remonta a la historia de la regulación de la fase de liquidación del patrimonio entre los acreedores, ajustada en tiempos de la codificación y que, por lo mismo, cuenta con un profundo valor de contenido doctrinario. La regla es recogida con una redacción particularmente confusa por el legislador civil y comercial chileno.
Stochastic first-order methods for differentially private machine learning
Authors:   ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Escuela de Ingeniería, González Lara Tomás
Published: September 2023

En esta tesis estudiamos, desde un punto de vista teórico, dos problemas relevantes en los campos de aprendizaje automático y análisis de datos con restricciones de privacidad: la aproximación de puntos estacionarios en optimización estocástica bajo privacidad diferencial y la aproximación de puntos de silla estocásticos (SSP) bajo privacidad diferencial. Introducimos nuevos algoritmos diferencialmente privados y probamos formalmente garantías teóricas de convergencia y de privacidad. Un punto x se llama ⇥-punto estacionario de una función F : Rd R si ⇥⇤F(x)⇥ ⌅ ⇥. Proponemos un nuevo algoritmo diferencialmente privado basado en SPIDER (Fang et al., 2018) que supera a la mejor tasa conocida anteriormente para aproximar puntos estacionarios del error de generalización. Nuestro algoritmo encuentra un O˜ 1 n1/3 + ⇥ d n ⇤1/2⌅ - punto estacionario del error de generalización en tiempo lineal en n. SSP son las soluciones a problemas de la forma minx⇥X maxy⇥Y F(x, y) para F dada como una esperanza con respecto a una distribución desconocida o difícil (un escenario común en el aprendizaje automático). Para un par (x⇤, y⇤) medimos la cercanía a un SSP con su gap de dualidad Gap(x⇤, y⇤) = EA,S [maxv⇥X,w⇥Y (F(x⇤, w) ⇧ F(v, y⇤))]. Presentamos un nuevo algoritmo para aproximar SSP de forma privada bajo algunos supuestos geométricos. Si F es cuadrática en (x, y) y además se cumplen los supuestos geométricos, nuestro algoritmo es el primer método diferencialmente privado en evitar la maldición de la dimensionalidad al encontrar de manera privada un par (x⇤, y⇤) con Gap(x⇤, y⇤) independiente de las dimensiones ambiente de x e y. Finalmente, mostramos que una pequeña modificación de nuestro algoritmo logra las tasas óptimas para el problema de generar datos sintéticos de forma privada.
The Management of Lateral Epicondylitis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Malisorn Saran
Published: September 2023

Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as Tennis Elbow, affects approximately 1-3% of the population. Despite the absence of histological evidence of inflammation in the affected tissue, the term “epicondylitis” implies inflammation. The Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB) muscle is primarily affected, and the condition is attributed to excessive use of this muscle. Non surgical treatment options, such as rest, physiotherapy, cortisone injection, platelet-based therapies, and restricted movements, are recommended. Surgical intervention is suggested for cases involving physical impairment or chronic pain. This review aims to provide healthcare professionals with an understanding of the condition, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment planning options.