bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical and hematological evaluation of geriatric anemia
Authors: Krishnamurthy Srinivasan , Kumar Bhargavi , Thangavelu Saravanan
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Anemia in the elderly is a cause of concern. It is not merely physiological due to aging and requires appropriate evaluation. Anemia has a significant negative impact on cardiac function, cognition, sleep, frequent hospitalization, mobility, morbidity, and mortality. Anemia in the elderly is attributable to many causes: nutrient deficiencies, chronic inflammatory diseases, thyroid disorders, diabetes mellitus, gastrointestinal (GI) tumors and bleeding, chemotherapy-induced anemia, and drug-induced hemolysis.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the clinical and hematological profile of anemia in 100 patients aged above 60 years.

Methods and Material:

We performed a cross-sectional type of study in a tertiary care center including male and female patients aged 60 years and above and whose hemoglobin was less than 13 g/dl and less than 12 g/dl, respectively. Clinical history, complete blood picture, and peripheral smear were obtained in all patients. Serum iron profile was done in patients with micro-normocytic anemia. Vitamin B12 and folate assays were done in patients with normo-macrocytic anemia and those with pancytopenia. Bone marrow studies and endoscopies were done in cases wherever deemed appropriate.

Results:

The majority of the patients had either severe or moderate anemia. 49% of the patients had normocytic anemia. The commonest cause for anemia was nutritional deficiencies (45%) followed by anemia of chronic inflammation (40%) and unexplained anemia (8%).

Conclusions:

It is essential that anemia deserves its due attention in clinical practice in older patients and is not normal always.
Identification of musculoskeletal problems using pGALS examination in school going boys in Chennai, India
Authors: Bhaskar Nithya , Bhogavalli Lakshmi Harshita , Pasupathy Umapathy , Janarthanan Mahesh
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background and Aim:

pGALS (pediatric Gait Arms Legs Spine) is a useful screening tool in identifying musculoskeletal problems in children. Although musculoskeletal problems are common in children, only a small fraction of them have an underlying serious pathology. There is limited data on this subject from north India but none from south India. Our aim was to identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal problems in school going boys in the local community.

Methods:

We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study among school boys 7–17 years of age from September 2017 to July 2019, in Chennai. The parents or the boys were asked pGALS screening questions and this was followed by the extended pGALS examination including Beighton’s scoring for hypermobility. If abnormalities in the screening tool were found, the subjects were then referred to a pediatric rheumatologist for further evaluation.

Results:

A total of 1543 boys were included in this study. Of these 37% of the study group were found to be hypermobile. According to our study, the prevalence of growing pains was 4.6%. Of 2 boys with suspected pathology 1 boy had enthesitis-related arthritis and another had slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE). The estimated prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) was 65/100000. According to our study 12.3% of the children were obese.

Conclusion:

pGALS is a useful tool to screen for musculoskeletal problems in school going boys. The estimated prevalence of JIA was 65/100000. Of them, 37% of the children had hypermobility. Obese children were more likely to complain of musculoskeletal pain (P value 0.00).
Social support among persons with depressive disorders during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dan V. Hubert , Ponnuchamy L. , Anand Nitin , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:

The extent of depressive disorders is wide in the Indian population as reported by epidemiological studies, warranting a necessary area of intervention to cover the rampant treatment gap. Social support is known to vary as per the community-level changes, which may be attributed to events kickstarted by COVID-19.

Objectives:

This study aimed to assess the social support among persons with depressive disorders.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 75 individuals of age ranging from 18 to 46 years from multi-ethnic communities across India. We used the Beck Depression Inventory-II and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.

Results:

This sample had a mean age of 32 years (SD: 7.88 years), and recurrent depressive disorder was the larger prevalent psychopathology diagnosed during their routine clinical consultation in the hospital (69.3%). The majority of the respondents experienced moderate depression (n = 42), followed by mild depression (n = 14) and severe depression (n = 5). Social support and resilience were found to be mildly correlated with each other for persons with mild depression (r = 0.620; P = 0.018).

Conclusion:

Persons with mild depressive features may benefit from low-cost and community-based interventions directed to enhance social support and thus impact resilience. Psychosocial interventions must address the impact of moderate depression and recurrent depressive disorder and include social support at all spousal, family, and societal levels.
Maternal death due to COVID-19, truth or a myth: A narrative review and experience from a teaching hospital in India
Authors: Sharma Ritu , Seth Shikha , Mishra Pinky , Mishra Neha , Sharma Rakhee , Singh Monika
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

The course of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy is unpredictable with outcome trends ranging from milder disease with zero mortality to severe forms and deaths in different parts of the world. We did a comprehensive review of the literature to understand maternal deaths due to COVID-19 in detail. The search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords “maternal mortality”, “maternal death”, “COVID-19”, “septic shock” and “DIC”. The search included original articles, review articles, case reports published till date. We found varying case fatality rates ranging from 0.1% to 12.9%. There are various predictors of maternal death, notably the presence of symptoms, comorbidities, severe disease with cytokine storm and multi-organ dysfunction. We also report higher maternal deaths from low-resource regions owing to gaps in expected and delivered maternal care. While reviewing our institutional data, we found 3 maternal deaths related to COVID-19 in pregnancy. We discussed our experience at our institute of three COVID-19 related maternal mortalities to add evidence to the present data. Most maternal deaths occurred in postpartum period. Late referral, loss to follow-up and inadequate care were important determinants of maternal mortality. We concluded that pregnancy cases with or without complications must be considered high risk and addressed judiciously beginning from infection prevention, early diagnosis, disease categorization, and multidisciplinary approach of management to prevent morbidity and mortality. We strongly suggest strengthening the health care delivery system to save pregnant women from dying, particularly in low-resource countries.
A cross-sectional study of persisting symptoms following 2 months post-COVID-19 and risk factors for delayed return to pre-COVID-19 health among patients attending a teaching hospital in Kerala
Authors: Chandy Navina P. , Kaimal Resmi S.
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

A large number of people are being discharged from the hospital following COVID-19 without assessment of recovery. Systematic follow-up identifies the physical and physiological burden which could be used to inform the need for rehabilitation and/or further investigations.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional observational study of sample size 103 who were tested positive by TruNAAT in the month of August to September 2020 was conducted, whose data were collected from the medical records. Phone call interviews were conducted 2 months post-COVID-19, after ethical and institutional permission, and they were asked for any persisting symptoms at this point and the risk factors were noted. Data were analysed using various statistical methods.

Result:

The most common symptoms at onset were fever (49.5%), cough (28.2%), sore throat (18.4%) and loss of smell (17.5%). The most common comorbidities noted were diabetes mellitus (30.1%), hypertension (14.6%) and heart disease (7.8%). The cases with more than 14 days for COVID-19 to be negative are almost the same in cases with comorbidities (11.1%) and no comorbidities (16.3%). Around 43.7% had post-COVID-19 symptoms. The most common post-COVID-19 symptoms noted were fatigue (28.2%), breathing difficulty (12.6%) and body pain (4.9%). The post_COVID_19 symptoms are significantly higher in cases who took treatment from hospital(moderate to severe cases) (54.4%) compared to the cases who took treatment at home (35.7%). Persisting breathing difficulty is significantly higher in cases with pre-COVID-19 asthma/COPD compared to the cases with no pre-COVID-19 asthma/COPD, which makes COPD and asthma patients to be considered high risk for post-COVID-19 sequelae.

Conclusion:

Follow-up of COVID-19 patients should become an essential part of family physician’s clinical practice.
Renal stone prevalence and risk factors in Jeddah and Riyadh
Authors: Alblowi Shahad , Safdar Osama , Aboulola Neda , Alharazy Deena , Najem Noura
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Nephrolithiasis is a common problem worldwide, especially in hot areas like Saudi Arabia. This retrospective study investigated the current prevalence and risk factors of renal stones in Jeddah and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

A non-interventional cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to June 2019 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This study included 1031 participants (age ≥18 years) from Jeddah (n = 652, 63.30%) and Riyadh (n = 379, 36.80%). Of them, 169 (16.40%) had renal stones while 862 (83.60%) had no renal stones. All participants filled out a questionnaire distributed via social media, which contained questions regarding eating and drinking habits.

Results:

Significant differences were found between the groups regarding frequencies of intake of black tea and orange/lemon juice. The number of patients who consumed cow meat was significantly higher among those without renal stones than among those with renal stones. Significant high risk for renal stones was found in those who consumed energy drink >1 can/day, black tea >1 cup/day, and orange/lemon juice >1 glass/day.

Conclusion:

This study revealed that some eating habits play a major role in the development of urinary stones in the Saudi population. Therefore, a dietary intervention on a large scale and health, education in this regard may be helpful in preventing the 25 related to renal stones.
Nutritional assessment with skinfold thickness and body- fat proportion in tribal and urban schoolchildren in Nashik district: A cross sectional study
Authors: Ashtekar Shyam V. , Padhyegurjar Manasi S. , Padhyegurjar Shekhar B. , Powar Jagdish D.
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:

Skinfold thickness (SFT) and body-fat (BF%) are infrequently used for childhood undernutrition.

Aims:

(a) Estimation of SFT at peripheral and truncal sites (b) Estimation of BF% from SFTs (c) Correlate SFT estimates with MUAC, BMI and Waist. (d) Compare rural/tribal SFTs with urban schoolchildren.

Settings and Design:

Ashram schools in rural/tribal settings and one urban school.

Methods and Material:

Using three stage sampling, four tribal schools were randomly selected and an urban school was added for comparison. A sub sample of 405 students in the age group of 7 to 15 years were included. Height, weight, MUAC and SFTs were measured BF% was estimated with Slaughter equation.

Statistical Analysis:

Using Excel, Epi Info 7.1 and R software, appropriate t tests were applied for comparisons, and correlation was estimated between the quantitative variables.

Results:

Average SFT among schoolchildren (405) was 6.64 mm. Girls (n = 215) had a BF% of 13.1%, while boys (n = 190) had BF at 11.5%. Average SFT for boys (6.69) and girls (6.48) had no statistically significant difference (t = 1.3, P = 0.1929). Boys had higher average peripheral SFT than truncal SFT while girls had higher truncal SFTs. In girls subscapular SFT was higher than triceps SFT. Median BF% in rural was lower than urban schoolchildren. BF% correlated strongly with BMI (0.56), Waist (0.63), Hip (0.61) and MUAC (0.59).

Conclusion:

SFT and BF % can be effectively used to detect undernutrition. Geographical and Gender differences are observed. SFT and BF% correlated well with BMI and MUAC.
Maternal mental health and its determinants during COVID-19, experience from Kashmir, Northern India
Authors: Kawoos Yuman , Maqbool Masood , Amin Rehana , Wani Zaid , Farooq Zeenat , Margoob Mushtaq A.
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Since the start of the pandemic due to coronavirus 2019, stresses and anxiety have increased in all age-groups. We aimed to study the common mental disorders in pregnant and lactating females and study their fears and copings during the pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

Purposive sampling was employed in our study. We included all pregnant and lactating females who consented to participate in the study. A total of 95 females were included in our study. We used a semi-structured questionnaire with questions regarding socio-demographic variables and questions related to apprehensions due to COVID-19, belonging to high-risk group, and structured instruments like Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.

Results:

The mean age of our study population was 30.8 ± 3.67 years. The majority of our patients were married (93) and homemakers (61) and studied up to 12th grade. Among our patients, 33 tested positive for COVID-19 and 12 patients were hospitalized for COVID-19-related symptoms. Thirty-nine females were pregnant and 56 were lactating. Preexisting medical illness was seen in 23, and psychiatric illness was already present in 19 patients. Major depression was seen in 43% of females, mild anxiety symptoms in 69%, severe anxiety in 8%, mild obsessive compulsive disorder in 16%, and moderate in 10% of cases.

Conclusion:

In our cases, anxiety and depression were seen in increased prevalence as compared to pre-pandemic levels. Being hospitalized for COVID-19 symptoms, social isolation and apprehensions regarding the baby increased the risk of depression.
Studying Public Perception about Covaxin Vaccination
Authors: Chinnaiyan Saravanan , Govindaraj Yogesh Kumar , Dharmaraj Aravind , Babu Bhavya
Published: June 2022

Background:

After a year of the COVID-19 pandemic began, there are approximately 200 vaccine candidates in development. Ten of them have been approved by several countries or used in limited emergency situations. India is gearing up to launch its vaccination campaign on January, 16. Vaccination attitudes can significantly influence individual vaccination decisions. Measuring such feelings and their distribution in a population is a time-consuming and challenging task. Our objective of the study is to analyze the current sentiment of Covaxin vaccination on social media on Twitter. We have retrieved 4139 tweets posted from March 1, 2021, to March 31, 2021, by the Twitter program interface.

Results:

Our study results show that 38.8% of the respondents have neutral emotions toward the Covaxin vaccination, 35.4% believe positive, and 25.8% are negative have a negative perception. There was no significant association between tweets sentiments and users (P = 0.1976) at 0.05 level of significance.

Conclusions:

In the internet age, unsubstantiated vaccine safety concerns, the impact of fast rumors, and misinformation can spread quickly. It's up to policymakers to interpret the general questions as a plausible public reaction. Attempts should be made to combat vaccine misinformation through various platforms, such as newspapers, television advertisement, and social media campaign.
Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, and Threats Analysis of India's Nationwide Lockdown
Authors: Ramesh Seetharam Bhat Kulthe , Joseph Bobby
Published: June 2022

Objective:

To study the impact of nationwide lockdown during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Materials and Methods:

We performed a strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats analysis of this measure and its potential impact and the current preparedness of the society.

Results:

SARS-CoV-2 has led to extreme measures by many countries in the form of nationwide lockdown. India is the world's largest democracy with over 1.3 billion people was put under complete lockdown. This pandemic would test India's public health system, community participation, its capacity to innovative and its potential to overcome various challenges. With a lack of adequate testing, a lockdown is the only tool available.

Conclusions:

In the existing scenario, a complete lockdown is probably the best measure currently available; however, the post lockdown exit strategy is key to recover from this lockdown.
Challenges and Mitigation Strategies during Contact Tracing
Authors: Kapoor Suraj , Anand Vivek , Yadav Arun Kumar , Bhaskar S Vijay , Kumar Surinder , Faujdar Dharamjeet Singh , Teli Prabhakar
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Contact tracing can identify potentially infected individuals before severe symptoms emerge, and if conducted sufficiently quickly can prevent onward transmission from secondary cases. This study has been conducted to find challenges and mitigation strategies in contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among health care professionals involved in contact tracing using an online questionnaire. The participants were asked about challenges faced during contact tracing and the usefulness of mitigation strategies.

Results:

A total of 302 health care professionals with a mean age of 34.69 ± 5 years participated in the study. Various strategies employed by agencies during contact tracing included measures to reduce stigma, community participation, and the use of digital tools and technology. Among the most common challenges faced by the study participants, 68% felt contacts being unreachable a major challenge, while 54.3% found difficulty in contact identification. Approximately 39% of doctors, 26% of nurses, and 17% of paramedical staff faced language/communication problems.

Conclusion:

Training health care professionals on the key aspects of contact tracing, the use of the latest technology, mitigation of stigma by health education may help in overcoming challenges during contact tracing in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Efficacy of Influenza-Like Illness Screening Outpatient Department for COVID-19 at a High-Volume Center
Authors: Mattoo Bhawna , Sarda Radhika , Kumar Arvind , Fatima Kaleem , Kaur Ravneet , Wig Naveet
Published: June 2022

Background:

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic over nonessential health services has been massive. We initiated influenza-like illness (ILI) screening for resumption of outpatient services at a tertiary care center and this study attempted to gauge its efficacy in effectively pruning out COVID-19.

Methods:

We included all the patients who had visited for an outpatient department (OPD) appointment during the study period. Patient's details and ILI symptoms were noted. Patients were then followed up telephonically after 2 weeks. The telephonic follow-up was to ensure RT-PCR status and complaints of any newly developed ILI post-OPD visit (within the last 14 days).

Results:

Out of the 957 patients who were enrolled, 929 patients were successfully followed up telephonically after 14 days. Only 13 who were screened out as “possible ILI,” were either RT-PCR negative or did not follow-up with a confirmatory test. The telephonic follow-up to ensure RT-PCR status and complaints of any newly developed ILI post-OPD visit (within the last 14 days) was noted in the rest of the patients. Only one participant out of 957 screened, tested positive for COVID-19.

Conclusion:

The period in which the study was held, the national positivity rate was low (around 3%). Therefore, in a resource-limited country such as India, it is astute to restart the OPD services in the preexisting setup using basic precautions and a verbal questionnaire during the slope of the pandemic.
Tackling Chronic Illnesses by Regulating Intake of Unhealthy Foods in India
Authors: Bhattacharya Sudip , Saleem Sheikh Mohd , Bera Om Prakash
Published: June 2022

Chronic illnesses linked to diet, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes, have become a serious concern for the current health-care system. Approximately 39.5 million people worldwide died of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in 2016, including 17.6 million from cardiovascular disease and 8.9 million from cancer. Over the past decade, worldwide mortality rates for cardiovascular diseases and cancer have increased by 14.5% and 17.8%, respectively. In France, cardiovascular disease and cancer are the leading causes of death, accounting for more than 30% of all deaths. Chronic illnesses are associated with poor nutritional quality in many countries. Considering the high burden of chronic diseases linked to poor diet, health-care authorities have adopted community-based public health strategies to improve diet and to minimize the risk of nutrition-related disorders. Front-of-pack nutrition labels (FoPLs) are gaining popularity in this arena. FoPLs aim to guide customers toward healthier choices by delivering simple, salient, and readily accessible nutritional information about food products at the time of purchase. It will be wise if we introduce FoPL by empowering public to make their informed choice during purchasing packaged food items. We hope in the future, food industry will make food policy in similar lines with healthy public health policy to prevent the future burden of NCD in India and the globe.
T2-weighted cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiographic arterial elasticity criteria for monitoring cardiac siderosis in patients with beta-thalassemia major
Authors: Zavar Reihaneh , Hendimarjan Moien , Behjati Mohaddeseh , Yazdani Dalir
Published: June 2022

Background:

Despite the availability of iron chelators, toxicity due to increased iron load is the leading cause of death in thalassemia major patients, especially in Iran. This study was performed to determine the association between cardiovascular magnetic resonance using T2-weighted sequences (CMR T2*) and diagnostic value of echocardiographic arterial elasticity in major beta-thalassemia patients without cardiac symptoms in Isfahan, Iran, in 2019 and 2021.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study assessed the association between CMR T2*, advanced echocardiographic arterial elasticity criteria, and serum ferritin in 67 patients with major beta-thalassemia patients without cardiac symptoms at Chamran Cardiovascular, Medical, and Research Center in Isfahan, Iran, in 2019–2021. Data analysis was performed among the 67 patients using SPSS, version 24.0 (Statistical Procedures for Social Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Spearman's rank test was used to assess the correlation between T2*CMR, echocardiographic arterial elasticity criteria, and ferritin. All parameters are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The results were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.

Results:

There was a positive correlation between CMR T2* and arterial elastance index (P = 0.035, r = 0.258), according to the Spearman test. In addition, CMR T2* was not correlated with the serum ferritin (P = 0.158, r = 0.201).

Conclusion:

Totally, according to the obtained results, it may be concluded that the arterial elastance index from echocardiography and the CMR T2* may be indicators of myocardial iron overload in patients with major beta-thalassemia patients without cardiac symptoms.
Mental Health Legislation in the Philippines
Authors: Samaniego Rene M.
Published: June 2022

Background:

The Philippines is an autonomous Southeast Asian country which has long been encumbered with the burden of mental health-related concerns. Aside from the commonly occurring psychiatric illnesses, it also has to contend with the dearth of epidemiological data on such disorders as well as the scarcity of mental health practitioners. On top of these, one enduring challenge is the absence of mental health legislation. Thus, the passage of Republic Act (R.A.) 11036 or the Philippine Mental Health Act has been considered one of the greater achievements in Philippine psychiatry in the recent years.

Methods:

In this review, the author examines the origins, highlights, and updates on the legislature of R.A. 11036.

Results:

This legislature (or the Philippine Mental Health Act) elaborates on its highlights which equitably covers the rights of patients and their families as well as that of the mental health professionals; the standards of psychiatric, psychosocial, and neurologic services that need to be upheld in both government and private hospitals; the promotion of mental health in educational institutions and in the workplace; the need for mental health providers to undergo capacity building and proper training in research and development; the duties and responsibilities of the government agencies involved; the creation of a council to serve as a policymaking, planning, coordinating, and advisory body to oversee the implementation of the law; and the penalty clauses involved with violations of the law. It also provides updates on the enactment of the law's implementing rules and regulations, namely, the upgrading of existing mental health facilities, the standardization of a community-based mental health program, the development of a national suicide prevention strategy, the integration of mental health into the educational system and the workplace, the first-ever Philippine national survey on mental health and well-being, as well as the augmentation of the practice of telepsychiatry to extend the reach of services to the geographically isolated Filipinos.

Conclusion:

The Philippines made a history through the passage of the first-ever Mental Health Act on June 21, 2018, now known as R.A. 11036. The Philippine Psychiatric Association and other related organizations spearheaded a multisectoral lobby in the drafting of the bill. It took 16 years, and 31 drafts before R.A. 11036 became a reality. We still need to monitor the implementation of the law closely. Future revisions are expected to better improve the mental health law for citizens to receive better rights of mental health treatment and human rights protection.
The Neglected Disease of Modern Society: Trauma. Outcomes and Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Trauma Patients in PICU
Authors: Dursun Adem , Durmuş Habibe Selver , Özsoylu Serkan , Akyıldız Başak Nur
Published: June 2022

Objective: In this study it was aimed to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric trauma patients requiring follow-up in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and to contribute the data in this field by assessing the outcomes and prognostic factors.
Methods: This retrospective, observational study was carried out in the 12- bed medical PICU. We reviewed the clinical records of all trauma patients.
Results: A total of 99 patients (61 males and 38 females) were enrolled in this study. Eight patients died and the mortality rate was found as 8%. In univariate logistic regression analysis, presence of brain edema was associated to 12 folds increase in the mortality [Odds ratio (OR): 12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.23-64.48]. Presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was associated to 15 folds increase in the mortality (OR: 15; 95% CI: 2.75-81.58). Pediatric trauma score (PTS)<8 was associated to 1.17 folds increase in the mortality (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05-1.31). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis presence of brain edema was associated to 6,492 folds increase in the mortality (OR: 6,492; 95% CI: 1.078-39.06) and presence of SAH was associated to 8.68 folds increase in the mortality (OR: 8.68; 95% CI: 1.451-51.933).
Conclusion: The Glasgow coma scale score, PTS score and presence of SAH and brain edema are the factors effective on mortality in PICU.
Theorizing Varieties of Capitalism: economics and the fallacy that ‘there is no alternative (TINA)’
Authors: Palley Thomas
Published: June 2022

The Varieties of Capitalism (VoCs) approach has the potential to transform economics. It implicitly emphasizes the plasticity of economies, whereby their character and outcomes are significantly a matter of choice. This paper augments VoCs theory to include a distinction between varieties and varietals of capitalism. Drawing on biology, varieties correspond to species and varietals correspond to sub-species. The paper proposes an analytical framework that unifies VoCs theory. It adds a mesoeconomics that links macroeconomics and microeconomics. That mesoeconomics concerns the institutions, behavioral norms, rules and regulations, and policies that characterize the economy and influence its performance. The mesoeconomic structure is described using the metaphor of a box, the six sides of which correspond to the major dimensions of capitalist economies. The design of the box is the product of societal and political choices, which places politics at the center of VoCs analysis. Policy space and policy lock-in are important concerns as they impact the choice set. The fact that economies inevitably involve choice means there is an inescapable normative question regarding what type of capitalism society will have.
Long-read HiFi sequencing correctly assembles repetitive heavy fibroin silk genes in new moth and caddisfly genomes
Authors: Kawahara Akito Y. , Storer Caroline G. , Markee Amanda , Heckenhauer Jacqueline , Powell Ashlyn , Plotkin David , Hotaling Scott , Cleland Timothy P. , Dikow Rebecca B. , Dikow Torsten , Kuranishi Ryoichi B. , Messcher Rebeccah , Pauls Steffen U. , Stewart Russell J. , Tojo Koji , Frandsen Paul B.
Published: June 2022

Insect silk is a versatile biomaterial. Lepidoptera and Trichoptera display some of the most diverse uses of silk, with varying strength, adhesive qualities, and elastic properties. Silk fibroin genes are long (>20 Kbp), with many repetitive motifs that make them challenging to sequence. Most research thus far has focused on conserved N- and C-terminal regions of fibroin genes because a full comparison of repetitive regions across taxa has not been possible. Using the PacBio Sequel II system and SMRT sequencing, we generated high fidelity (HiFi) long-read genomic and transcriptomic sequences for the Indianmeal moth (Plodia interpunctella) and genomic sequences for the caddisfly Eubasilissa regina. Both genomes were highly contiguous (N50  = 9.7 Mbp/32.4 Mbp, L50  = 13/11) and complete (BUSCO complete  = 99.3%/95.2%), with complete and contiguous recovery of silk heavy fibroin gene sequences. We show that HiFi long-read sequencing is helpful for understanding genes with long, repetitive regions.
TÜRKİYE’DE HAVACILIKTA YOLCU VE UÇAK TRAFİĞİNİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: ÖZBEY Nurullah , AKAN Yusuf
Published: June 2022

Analizin amacı, Türkiye’de havayolu ulaşımında yolcu ve uçak trafiğinin Gayrisafi Yurtiçi Hasıla bakımından ekonomik büyümeye etkisini göstermektir. Dünya ekonomisinde oluşan globalleşme, artan ticari rekabet faaliyetler sonucunda Türkiye havayolu taşımacılığında yapılan atılımlar iç ve dış piyasada iktisadi kalkınmada değişim ve gelişimlere yol açmıştır. Türkiye’de havayolu taşımacılığında yolcu ve uçak trafiğinin Gayrisafi Yurtiçi Hasıla açısından (GSYİH) ekonomik büyümeye katkı etmesi havayolu ulaşımına olan talebi artırmaktadır. Havayolu taşımacılığıyla yapılan ithalat ve ihracat ulaşım maliyetlerini artırmasına rağmen havayolu taşımacılığıyla en kısa sürede ve etkin bir şekilde ticari merkezlere ulaşmada da büyük avantaj sağlamaktadır. Çalışmada 1981-2021 dönemlerine ilişkin veriler kullanılarak yolcu ve uçak trafiğinin GSYİH’ye etkisinin olduğu ADF Birim Kök Testi, Regresyon Analizi ve Granger Nedensellik Testi ile ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Genel anlamda ekonomik büyümede önemli rolü olan havayolu taşımacılığında yolcu ve uçak trafikleri taleplere önemli oranda etki etmektedir. Üç analiz yöntemi sonucunda yolcu ve uçak trafiğinin GSYİH’yi anlamlı ve pozitif yönde etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
IMPLEMENTASI METODE LEARNING VECTOR QUANTIZATION (LVQ) PADA PENGENALAN BAHASA ISYARAT YANG MENGANDUNG KATA KERJA
Authors: Arnaz Arnaz Andri Pramana
Published: June 2022

Objektif.  Bahasa Isyarat (sign language) adalah salah satu bahasa yang paling alami dalam melakukan komunikasi, terutama bagi penyandang tuna rungu dan tuna wicara sehingga keduanya mampu saling memahami dan berkomunikasi dengan sesamanya dengan menggunakan bahasa isyarat Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam kasus penelitian kali ini dilatar belakangi oleh sedikitnya masyarakat umum yang mengerti bahasa isyarat sehingga akan lebih mudah dalam memahami bahasa isyarat yang mengandung kata kerja.

Material and Metode.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan metode Leaning Vector Quantization dalam melakukan pengenalan bahasa isyarat kata kerja berdasarkan pola.

Hasil.  Hasil dari penelitian menggunakan metode Learning Vector Quantization didapat akurasi pengenalan sebesar 40% dengan menggunakan data uji sebanyak 15 data .

Kesimpulan.   Berdasakan hasil dari penelitian Implementasi metode Learning vector quantization (LVQ) pada pengenalan Bahasa Isyarat yang mengandung Kata Kerja dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Learning vector quantization pada Sistem / aplikasi pengenalan bahasa isyarat kata kerja dapat membantu untuk mengenali pola bahasa isyarat yang ingin dibaca dengan baik.
PERAN MODAL INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI SUMBER PENCIPTAAN NILAI PELANGGAN DALAM PREFERENSI MEREK UNTUK KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF BERKELANJUTAN: STUDI EKUITAS MEREK PADA WIRAUSAHA MUDA
Authors: Kristanti Maria Mia
Published: June 2022

Objektif. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi bahwa kinerja organisasi ditentukan oleh Modal Kapital, yang menjadi sumber utama keunggulan kompetitif berkelanjutan, dan fondasi kesuksesan bisnis, yang terletak pada kemampuannya untuk menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan, dengan menyediakan sumber diferensiasi nilai pelanggan yang sulit ditiru, dan tidak tergantikan.

Material dan Metode. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis data multivariat dan serangkaian uji regresi liner berganda dipergunakan untuk menyelidiki keterkaitan antara pengetahuan organisasi dan manajemen pembelajaran, nilai keuangan dan pengalaman pelanggan, termasuk keterlibatan merek

Hasil. Modal Kapital terbukti menjadi sumber daya utama yang memungkinkan organisasi  untuk memanfaatkan pengetahuan, wawasan, serta keterlibatan penuh semua anggota organisasi untuk mengakuisisi nilai pelanggan yang unik, dan keunggulan kompetitif yang berkelanjutan pada posisi reputasi dan citranya di pangsa pasar.

Kesimpulan. Penelitian ini mengklarifikasi korelasi positif signifikan  antara modal intelektual, pendekatan pemasaran berbasis nilai, dan preferensi merek pelanggan sebagai strategi keberhasilan inti untuk meningkatkan keunggulan kompetitif berkelanjutan organisasi.
La especificidad de la metafísica de la praxis humana. Ensayos de Franz Hinkelammert
Authors: Herrera Torres Hugo Amador
Published: June 2022

El problema de investigación es que la metafísica de la praxis humana se confunde con la metafísica de la acción humana, pero la primera tiene rasgos específicos y la segunda es general. Ambas metafísicas no están separadas, una forma parte de la otra. El objetivo del artículo, por tanto, es determinar las particularidades de la metafísica de la praxis humana a partir del sujeto de la praxis que delinea Hinkelammert. El método empleado consta de tres partes. Primera; identificación de los sujetos que se forman en el trayecto que siguen los seres humanos para mantener su vida en la sociedad. El sujeto natural, vivo, cognoscente, trascendental, necesitado, con necesidades concretas y social emprende procesos como sujeto actuante, creador de leyes, productor, práctico y de la praxis. Segunda; descripción de las imaginaciones o ilusiones al activar su lado trascendental en cada una de estas fases. Hace una trascendencia general y varias parciales. Hinkelammert afirma que la trascendencia general —en tanto imaginación— corresponde al Reino Mesiánico de Pablo de Tarso: una Tierra con igualdad humana absoluta, sin muerte y sin leyes. Tercera; definición de las características del sujeto de la praxis. Los resultados indican que este sujeto se desenvuelve —en los procesos de su vida— con factibilidad trascendental. La factibilidad está sustentada en imaginaciones. El sujeto de la acción no necesariamente proyecta imaginaciones. La metafísica de la praxis humana tiene sus bases, en consecuencia, en la factibilidad trascendental. La metafísica de la acción humana puede contener ilusiones que anulen dicha factibilidad. La construcción de las sociedades mejor posible, en conclusión, requiere de la factibilidad trascendental.
Um experimento de construção de “intersubjetividade” entre dois ambientes radicalmente diversos na cidade de São Paulo, a favela e a universidade
Authors: Dabdab Roberta , Baitello Junior Norvala
Published: June 2022

Nossa proposta inicial foi de aproximar dois ambientes culturais diversos, 2 grupos diferentes de jovens: os jovens alunos da graduação de Jornalismo e de Multimeios da PUC-SP e os jovens do coletivo Nofotofake da favela de Heliópolis (sujeitas e sujeitos da pesquisa da doutoranda Roberta Dabdab), para fotografarem juntos seus respectivos ambientes como apontamento para a construção de um “modelo intersubjetivo” de design social, capaz de induzir a criação de intersubjetividades entre eles. Estávamos vivendo a pandemia em seu maior pico (2021) e nossa hipótese não se confirmou em um primeiro momento, mas, aflorou e confirmou a importância de um modelo que possibilite desenhar novas configurações sociais, culturais logo, ambientais, um tipo de “biodesign”. A metodologia está alicerçada pela Teoria de Mídia de Harry Pross e suas considerações sobre a “mídia primária” e seguirá caminhos apontados por Vilém Flusser (intersubjetividade) e Baitello (iconofagia).
Theatrical aesthetics of liberation. The claim for life on the Argentine scene
Authors: Proaño Gómez Lola
Published: June 2022

We propose a theatrical Aesthetics of liberation understood as one that articulates imaginary, visual, or textual bridges between the opening to the context-world (aisthesis) and its impact on subjectivity (affective atmosphere) and that gives rise to a scenic production (poiesis) favorable to the conservation and improvement of life that raises opposition or rejection of those contexts that are not conducive to it. We will observe the productions of the theatrical scene in three moments of the recent Argentine past to visualize both the resistance and denunciation of the decrease or disappearance of rights and the rejection of the necessary control of bodies and actions to impose the liberal/neoliberal model. We will look into scenes produced during the Argentine Revolution (1966-73),  stagings of the end of the 20th century responding to the exacerbation of neoliberalism, and finally, those produced during the last neoliberal restoration (Macri, 2015-2019).
Hydromorphometric Analysis of Wadi Al-Batin Alluvial Fan Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, Southwestern Iraq
Authors: Albhadili Suaad , Almallah Inass A. , Almulla Saher Tariq
Published: June 2022

Wadi Al-Batin alluvial fan starts from Wadi Al-Rummah in Saudi Arabia and passes through the Kuwait and Iraq borders. The fan represents the southern and northern limits of the Iraq and Kuwait national boundary, respectively, deposited by Wadi Al-Batin on the southern border of the main wide depression formed by the effectiveness of the Abu Jir-Euphrates Fault. The present study aims to evaluate the hydrological properties of the fan and perform a morphometric analysis to find the groundwater flow, structural, and drainage network of the study area based on fieldwork information and satellite images using remote sensing technique and GIS environment. The hydrological analysis shows that the drainage density pattern direction in Wadi Al-Batin alluvial fan is from the southwestern to the northeastern parts of the Wadi Al-Batin alluvial fan. The morphometric analysis results show that the Wadi Al-Batin fan is divided into five watersheds; each has seven stream orders, watershed 1 has the highest value of stream order, and watershed 2 has the lowest value of stream order. The drainage texture value range between fine, moderate, and very fine, which indicates the geological setting of the region consists of the Dibdibba Formation exposed in the study area. Watershed 3 has the highest value, and watershed 1 has the lowest value of stream frequency. The form factor value for all watersheds is less than 0.5 and has an elongated shape. The watershed 3 has the highest basin relief value, while the watershed 4 has the lowest value of basin relief.
Depositional Setting of Khurmala Formation (Paleocene-Early Eocene) in Nerwa section, Berat Anticline, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq
Authors: Asaad Irfan Sh. , Al-Haj Mohammed A. , Malak Zaid A.
Published: June 2022

The depositional environment of the Khurmala Formation (Paleocene-Early Eocene) has been investigated in the Nerwa section, the southern limb of the Berat anticline in the High Folded Zone of Iraq. The thickness of the formation in the studied section was about 113m and can be divided into three units; fossiliferous bedded limestone unit (Unit A), massive dolomitic limestone unit (Unit B) and bedded marly dolomitic limestone unit (Unit C). The petrographic study of the 81 thin sections of the Khurmala carbonates revealed that the majority of skeletal grains are shallow marine derivative faunas and non-skeletal grains include peloids, cortoids and intraclasts. Depending on detailed field observations and petrographic study of the carbonate rocks, five main microfacies were recorded, these are; lime mudstone, lime wackestone, lime packstone, grainstone and boundstone in addition to one lithofacies which is an intraformational conglomerate. Based on the integration of the recognized microfacies and the field criteria of the Khurmala Formation, two facies associations were identified which elucidate deposition in a lagoonal environment including reef patches. Accompanying facies indicate that the formation's sedimentary model is a ramp carbonate platform.
Newly discovered icon “The Intercession of the Theotokos” by the Vyatka icon painters Kuznetsov from the collection of the Vyatka Art Museum
Authors: Крупина О.В.
Published: June 2022

Статья посвящена иконе «Покров Пресвятой Богородицы», которая поступила в собрание Вятского художественного музея по результатам экспедиции в п. Лальск в 1976 году. Состояние сохранности памятника вызывало серьезное беспокойство. После плановой реставрации удалось получить один из замечательных образцов иконописного искусства. Кроме того, была открыта подпись, позволяющая датировать икону 1734 годом, а также были открыты имена династии иконописцев — Стефан Артемиевич Кузнецов (1707–?), Иван Григорьевич Кузнецов (1707–?), Борис Григорьевич Кузнецов (1687–?). Исследовательский интерес вызывает выбранная авторами иконография праздника Покрова Пресвятой Богородицы и отражение в ней традиций ведущих иконописных школ России и местных традиций. В статье представлены результаты реставрационных работ и искусствоведческо-стилистического анализа иконы. Она является одним из редких произведений древнерусского искусства с выявленным авторством и датированным памятником вятского иконописания первой половины XVIII столетия.

The article is devoted to the icon “The Intercession of the Theotokos (the Protection of Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary)” from the collection of the Vyatka Art Museum. The researchers discovered the icon of the expedition to Lalsk in 1976. The state of preservation of the monument caused serious concern. As a result of the planned restoration, it was possible to obtain one of the remarkable examples of icon painting art. In addition, a signature was discovered, allowing the icon to be dated 1734, and the names of the Kuznetsov dynasty of icon painters were also discovered. The iconography of the Feast of the Intercession of the Theotokos chosen by the authors is of research interest. As well as the reflection in it of the traditions of the leading iconographic schools of Russia and local customs. The icon is another newly discovered signed and dated monument of Vyatka icon painting of the first half of the 18th century.
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN DI PAUD YANG BERBASIS KELOMPOK
Authors: Susanti Utia Virli , Latifah Titin
Published: June 2022

Pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan pendidikan yang sangat penting, dampak pandemi yang terjadi pada kita mengakibatkan lembaga TK tersebut mengalami penurunan dalam peningkatan siswa dan siswi yang mengakibatkan proses belajar mengajar tingkat usia 4-5 dan 5-6 tahun harus dilakukan secara bersamaan dalam satu kelas. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran bahwa dampak pendemi yang terjadi berdampak pada penerimaan siswa dan proses belajar guru ditingkat usia kelompok TK A dan TK B. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif diartikan sebagai penelitian yang meneliti kehidupan sosial dengan mengutamakan penekanan pada proses dan makna, dengan data yang berupa data deskriptif, jenis penelitian ini adalah alamiah atau apa adanya dari fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Terdapat tiga cara analisis data kualitatif, yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses belajar mengajar ditingkat usia itu sangat terlihat dampak pada proses perkembangan anak dimasa Golden Age.