bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Group 1st of Non-pharmacological Therapy that Most Effective to Increase Hemoglobin in Pregnancy
Authors: Abdullah Ikhwan , Widia Shofa Ilmiah  , Prihatono Amal , Candra Kurniawan Leny
Published: January 2024

Background: Anemia of pregnancy is still a global problem. The prevalence rate of anemia in pregnancy in developed countries at 14% and in developing countries at 51%, in Asian countries at 33.3%, Brunei Darussalam at 28.0%, Thailand at 30%, the Philippines at 32.3%, Malaysia at 26.6%, Singapore at 28.5%, and Vietnam at 23.5%. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia in the 1st trimester at 3.8%, the 2nd trimester at 13.6% and the 3rd trimester at 24.8% Indonesian women die every year due to pregnancy and childbirth, while in East Java at 40%. The cause of anemia during pregnancy is nutritional deficiencies, especially lack of iron, folate, and vitamins. Aims: To determine the level of effectiveness of non pharmacology therapy to increase hemoglobin in pregnancy. Methods: Systematic review using PRISMA and PICO methods. The population of this study is all international journals and accredited national journals sinta 1-6 totaling 87 articles. The sample is 23 articles that are appropriate with the inclusion criteria. The data collection is conducted by searching research articles in the database which including Google, GoogleScholar, Research Gate, NCBI, Science Direct, SAGE, Elsevier, and Sinta. Analysis is use thematic analysis. Results: The 1st group of non pharmacology therapy can increase hemoglobin levels, namely yellow pumpkin seeds, papaya fruit, papaya leaf juice, an avocado juice, red spinach juice, sweet potato leaf decoction, red guava, roselle tea, fried catfish, green bean juice, boiled chicken eggs, soy milk, honey, 2nd group, namely moringa leaf extract, chickpeas, dates, Dutch eggplant juice, ambon bananas, 3rd group, namely katuk leaf, beets, acupuncture points SP3, LR3, KI3, red seaweed, red dragon fruit. Conclusion: The most effective non pharmacology therapy for increasing hemoglobin in pregnancy is non pharmacology therapy in 1st group.
CERIA: A Community Empowerment as Dementia Preventive Measure among Elderly
Authors: Afidjati Hera , Ronoatmodjo Sudarto , Muharrom Muhammad Aji , Deslanthy Belinda Thania , Khaerani Ayu Suciah , Adre Mayza
Published: January 2024

Background: Dementia is predicted to double in the next 15 years and causes adverse socioeconomic effects, yet the clinical therapy for dementia has not shown satisfactory results for many years. Preventive efforts involving the active role of the elderly and supported by the development of information technology are strongly needed. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of CERIA as community-based intervention and to increase the awareness of dementia. CERIA (Cerdas Hindari Demensia) was implemented for 32 elderlies in Pasar Minggu District, South Jakarta who were willing to participate. The interventions implemented were memory training, brain vitalization gymnastics, playing angklung, and storytelling to toddlers. We measured the pre-and post-intervention scores of the elderly using an assessment tool of dementia screening, then compared the results using Student T-test. We also created a dementia prevention manual book (Buku Panda) and built a smartphone app for educational purposes. Results: As many as 97% of the elderly have a good daily activity score and 90.9% have a good body balance. Assessment of pre-intervention cognitive function showed a mean value of 27 and increased to 29 after intervention. The pre-intervention emotional assessment showed a mean value of 1 and decreased in post-intervention to 0. Some of the most afflicted diseases of the elderlies were hypertension (30,3%) and diabetes mellitus (18,2%). Conclusion: This dementia prevention program has a strong potential to be implemented in wider scope. Further improvement involving parties such as the Ministry of Health is needed to replicate this effort.
Starting Life with Hidden Wound: Bullying and Self-Reported Depression Symptoms among Early Adolescent in 3 Cities of Indonesia
Authors: Iwan Abdi Suandana  , Anggriyani Wahyu Pinandari  , Siswanto Agus  Wilopo
Published: January 2024

Background: Previous research revealed that bullying cause depression symptoms such as lack enthusiasm, anxious, being sensitive, and easily offended. Aims: This study aims to determine the relationship between bullying and self-reported depression in early adolescents using cross-sectional approach for Indonesia Global Early Adolescent Study data. Method: Depression symptom was collected using self-registered questionnaire about sadness, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and self-injury ideation from 4,684 students (2,207 boys and 2,477 girls). Logistic regressions were used to examine how bullying, and multilevel factors predict depression. Most adolescent aged 12-13 years old, living with complete parents, middle-up economic background, having hand-phone and using social media. Results: Adolescent reported experience at least 3 depression symptoms (60%), bullying (45%) and Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs; 70%). Result shows that boys (OR[CI];1.73[1.45,2.06]), having ≥5 ACEs (OR[CI];1.35[1.20,1.51]), living with relative (OR[CI];4.52[3.67,5.56]), spent more time with peers (OR[CI];1.52[1.33,1.73]), feeling unsafe (OR[CI];1.79[1.59,2.02]), having negative social-cohesion (OR[CI];1.50[1.34,1.67]) and high social-control (OR[CI];1.40[1.24,1.58]) are more likely to report depression. Conclusion: Multivariable analysis reveals significant association only on ACEs, time spent with peers, unsafe feeling, negative social-cohesion and high social-control. Bullying strongly predicts depression when adjusted by family and community variables only. Bullying prevention program should address other socialization agents such as peers, parents, teacher and community leader.
Usefulness of capsule endoscopy for small intestinal obstruction: a dual-center prospective observational study
Authors: Imai Makoto , Niikura Ryota , Yamada Atsuo , Suzuki Hirobumi , Nakada Ayako , Mitsuno Yuzo , Yamamoto Shinzo , Aoki Tomonori , Hayakawa Yoku , Kawai Takashi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro
Published: January 2024

Aim: To evaluate whether capsule endoscopy can identify causes of small intestinal obstruction and determine the appropriate patient population for capsule endoscopy.

Methods: In this prospective observational study, we performed a tag-less patency capsule endoscopy for patients with small intestinal obstruction. After confirming the patency of the small intestine, capsule endoscopy was performed using Pill Cam SB2. The study endpoint was recurrence of small intestinal obstruction within 1 year.

Results: Of the 31 study patients, 8 were excluded. The remaining 23 patients, including 13 with a history of surgery and 3 with band adhesions on contrast-enhanced CT, were analyzed. Subsequently, 18 of the 23 study patients underwent tag-less patency capsule endoscopy to evaluate the small intestinal patency. Capsule endoscopy revealed redness in six patients, erosions and ulcers in three patients, small intestinal diverticulum in one patient, and tumor in one patient. One patient with Meckel’s diverticulum and another with small intestinal ganglioneuroma underwent surgical resection. No recurrence of small intestinal obstruction was observed at 1 year.

Conclusion: This prospective observational study demonstrated that capsule endoscopy can determine the cause of small intestinal obstruction after the obstruction is relieved.
Russian Personal Libraries of the Turkestan Region in the Collection of the National Library of Uzbekistan Named after A. Navoi
Authors: Pshenichnaya E. V.
Published: January 2024

The article deals with littlestudied issues related to the signs of ownership on the books from Russian personal libraries in the Turkestan region (1967–1917) that were found in the National Library of Uzbekistan named after A. Navoi. The purpose of the article: to determine the character of Russian personal libraries of the Turkestan region in the collection of the National library of Uzbekistan named after A. Navoi and the signs of ownership on their books. The relevance of the research is due to the need to fill in the historiographical gap in the study of Russian personal libraries in Turkestan region. The first results of the work related to identification and attribution of the book signs on some books from the personal libraries of N. V. Dmitrovskiy, N. F. Petrovsky, A. K. Gaines, D. I. Mushketov, P. I. Khomutov, N. A. Burov, K. A. Timayev. The paper presents information about the owners of personal libraries. The author analyzes the owner’s inscriptions, which show that these book collections were formed not only for practical purposes, but also for leisure. The article draws the attention of researchers to the study of privately owned signs as another page in the history of replenishment of the book collections of the National Library of Uzbekistan named after. A. Navoi. Identification and attribution of book signs allowed us to understand better the process related to the movement of the books from the personal libraries of Russian aristocrats, officials and scientists to the Turkestan Public Library. The exemplary analysis of the books allowed us to conclude that bibliophiles of the Turkestan region preferred to use stamps more often, among which there are also “non-special” ones, or to put handwritten owner’s inscriptions on copies.
The history of landfills and landfill gas management in the U.S.
Authors: Ritter William F.
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this article is to discuss the history of solid-waste management (SWM).n New York City, U.S., which was the first city to start refuse collection and establish a recycling center in the late 1890s. The first sanitary landfill was established in 1937 in California, but until the 1960s, many open dumps remained. In 1965, the Solid Waste Disposal Act was passed which was the first major legislation governing SWM. In 1976, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act was passed and amended in 1984. The 1984 amendments gave the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency the authority to regulate landfills and establish new criteria for landfills which resulted in closure of 50% of the existing landfills. Municipal solid waste (MSW) increased from 79.9 million tonne in 1960 to 261.8 million tonne in 2018. California has 300 landfills and 56 landfill gas (LFG) projects. Recycling rates vary considerably among the states. Eight out the top ten states with high recycling rates have high landfill costs, and nine of the top ten states with high recycling rates also have bottle bill legislation that requires a deposit on bottles. Sates with low recycling rates also have low landfill fees for solid waste.
Levistilide A Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect by Suppressing Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming and Preventing Microglia Polarization Shift
Authors: Zhang Ming jie , Duan Cong Yan , Lin Wei Fang , Wu Hong-Hua , Chen Lu , Guo Hong , Yu Ming Yu , Liu Qi , Nie Ya Ling , Wang Hong , Wang Shao Xia
Published: January 2024

The microglia, displaying diverse phenotypes, play a significant regulatory role in the development, progression, and prognosis of Parkinson's disease. Research has established that glycolytic reprogramming serves as a critical regulator of inflammation initiation in pro-inflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, the modulation of glycolytic reprogramming has the potential to reverse the polarized state of these macrophages. Previous studies have shown that levetistilide A (LA), a phthalide component derived from Angelica sinensis, possesses a range of pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. In our study, we have examined the impact of LA on inflammatory cytokines and glucose metabolism in microglia induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, we explored the effects of LA on the AMPK/mTOR pathway and assessed its neuroprotective potential both in vitro and in vivo. The findings revealed that LA notably diminished the expression of M1 pro-inflammatory factors induced by LPS in microglia, while leaving M2 anti-inflammatory factor expression unaltered. Additionally, it reduced ROS production and suppressed IκB-α phosphorylation levels as well as NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Notably, LA exhibited the ability to reverse microglial glucose metabolism reprogramming and modulate the phosphorylation levels of AMPK/mTOR. In vivo experiments further corroborated these findings, demonstrating that LA mitigated the death of TH-positive dopaminergic neurons and reduced microglia activation in the ventral SNpc brain region of the midbrain and the striatum. In summary, LA exhibited neuroprotective benefits by modulating the polarization state of microglia and altering glucose metabolism, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
A Pavement Crack Detection and Evaluation Framework of UAV inspection System Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Chen Xinbao , Liu Chang , Chen Long , Zhu Xiaodong , Zhang Yaohui , Wang Chenxi
Published: January 2024

Existing studies often lack a systematic solution for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) inspection system, which hinders their widespread application in crack detection. To enhance its practicality, this study proposes a formal and systematic framework for UAV inspection systems, specifically designed for automatic crack detection and pavement distress evaluation. The framework integrates UAV data acquisition, deep learning based crack identification, and road damage assessment in a comprehensive and orderly manner. Firstly, the flight control strategy is presented, and road crack data is collected using the DJI Mini 2 UAV imagery, establishing a high-quality UAV crack image datasets with ground truth information. Secondly, a validation and comparison study is conducted to enhance the automatic crack detection capability and provide an appropriate deployment scheme for UAV inspection systems. This study develops automatic crack detection models based on mainstream deep learning algorithms(namely, Faster-RCNN, YOLOv5s, YOLOv7-tiny, and YOLOv8s) in urban road scenarios. The results demonstrate that the Faster-RCNN algorithm achieves the highest accuracy and is suitable for online data collection of UAV and offline inspection at work stations. Meanwhile, the YOLO models, while slightly lower in accuracy, are the fastest algorithm and are suitable for lightweight deployment of UAV with online collection and real-time inspection. Quantitative measurement methods for road cracks are presented to assess road damage, which will enhance the application of UAV inspection systems and provide factual evidence for maintenance decisions made by road authorities.
Hypergraph of Functional Connectivity Based on Event-Related Coherence: MEG Data Analysis
Authors: Serrano Natalia Peña , Jaimes-Reátegui Rider , Pisarchik Alexander N.
Published: January 2024

We construct hypergraphs to analyze functional brain connectivity, leveraging event-related coherence in magnetoencephalography (MEG) data during the visual perception of a flickering image. Principal network characteristics are computed for delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma frequency ranges. Employing a coherence measure, a statistical estimate of correlation between signal pairs across frequencies, we generate edge time series, depicting how an edge evolves over time. This forms the basis for constructing an edge-to-edge functional connectivity network. Emphasizing hyperedges as connected components in an absolute-valued functional connectivity network, we focus on exploring these hyperedges in the context of individual variability. Our coherence-based hypergraph construction specifically addresses functional connectivity among four brain lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital. This approach enables a nuanced exploration of individual differences within diverse frequency bands, providing insights into the dynamical nature of brain connectivity during visual perception tasks. The results furnish compelling evidence supporting the hypothesis of cortico-cortical interactions occurring across varying scales. The derived hypergraph illustrates robust activation patterns in specific brain regions, indicative of their engagement across diverse cognitive contexts and different frequency bands. Our findings suggest potential integration or multifunctionality within the examined lobes, contributing valuable perspectives to our understanding of brain dynamics during visual perception.
Pemberdayaan Anggota PKK Kelurahan Punggawan Kota Surakarta Melalui Workshop Lilin Aromaterapi dari Minyak Jelantah
Authors: Salsabila Alifia Salmaa , Setyaningsih Arinda Oktariski , Lusiana Friska , Putri Gita Indah Purnama , Musyafa Irfan , Rohmah Nafi Satur , Destiana Risa Tri , Putra Rheza Alexa , Nurni Talitha Amalia , Mufidah Zahrotul , Estriyanto Yuyun
Published: January 2024

The use of cooking oil in daily life continues to increase over time. The large use of cooking oil causes an abundance of used cooking oil (cooking oil waste) and will have negative impacts if it is not processed properly. In fact, the facts on the ground show that used cooking oil has not been widely used by the community in several areas, including the community in Punggawan Village. Based on this problem, one of the 2023 UNS KKN teams conducted a workshop on making aromatherapy candles. The aim of this workshop activity is to utilize used cooking oil waste into useful products in the Punggawan Village community. The methods used are socialization and direct practice. This activity is divided into three stages, namely: (1) planning and preparation; (2) implementation of activities; and (3) program follow-up. This planning and preparation stage requires coordination with the PKK as well as preparing the tools and materials that will be used. The activity consists of presenting material and direct practice in making aromatherapy candles. The follow-up stage of this program is that the community is able to reduce and utilize used cooking oil waste. This workshop activity was attended by 30 participants who came from PKK members in Punggawan Village, Banjarsari District, Surakarta City. The results of this activity show that there is positive feedback from participants who participated actively during the workshop. This activity is expected to provide knowledge and experience for PKK members so they can utilize used cooking oil waste to process it into products that are useful and have sales value.
Pengoptimalan Fungsi Magnetik dan Sistem Hidrolik pada Alat Penyangga Mesin Mobil dalam Menerapkan Budaya K3 di Dunia Industri Otomotif
Authors: Kristanto Zanuri , Yogatama Muhamad Andito , Widyawati Linda , Dewi Alyna Kirana , Lathifah Fauziyah Nur , Wijayanto Danar Susilo
Published: January 2024

Speed and accuracy of workmanship are important supporting factors for business actors operating in the service sector. The availability of adequate supporting equipment can increase work productivity and can reduce the risk of work accidents that can endanger the surrounding environment. Technological developments in the automotive industry always provide innovations. Even though it is like that, it still doesn't escape the new problems that accompany it. In the process of replacing a car clutch lining, the application of knowledge about lifting aircraft is very necessary. Differences in the load capacity of car engines that exceed human strength capacity require the use of tools according to specifications. The addition of a hydraulic system to the machine support can provide lifting power that is greater than the power produced by mechanics in lifting or holding loads that exceed their capacity. Apart from that, implementing a culture of occupational health and safety is important to realize workforce welfare. What is not expected when repairing a car's clutch lining is a shift in the load support of the car's engine which can cause damage to other components and can even endanger mechanical safety. The property of magnets that can attract metal objects can be used to improve K3 in the automotive industry as an effort to prevent engine supports from shifting position when repairs are carried out on car clutch linings.
DETERMINANTS OF SMEs PROFITABILITY: DO FIRM SIZE AND AGE STILL MATTERS?
Authors: Ibrahim Muhamad Wahid , Niagasi Ariq Fikria , Trisyandhi Yusuf Farrel
Published: January 2024

Small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) are critical to the global economy because they create jobs and contribute to economic growth (ILO, 2019). This study examines the profitability of SMEs using the return on asset ratio, as well as the effect of size and age on profitability, by examining data samples from 106 enterprises in Indonesia's industry sector over a ten years. In total, 1060 pieces of data were examined in this study. The goal of this study is to comprehend the current state of SMEs' profitability and to identify the effect of age and size, as many scholars have various opinions on the subject. To evaluate the effect of size and age on the observed SMEs, multiple linear regression analysis was used. According to the findings, the average SME profitability in Indonesia, as assessed by the return on assets ratio, was only 1.1%, which is relatively low. Size also has a beneficial effect on profitability, as shown by the data. Furthermore, contrary to the hypothesized premise, age has a detrimental impact on the profitability of SMEs. Finally, this study identifies potential limits and suggests strategic implications for policymakers, SME management, and future research.
Acute psycho-physiological responses to submaximal constant-load cycling under intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia vs. hypoxia-normoxia in young males
Authors: Behrendt Tom , Bielitzki Robert , Behrens Martin , Jahns Lina-Marie , Boersma Malte , Schega Lutz
Published: January 2024

Hypoxia and hyperoxia can affect the acute psycho-physiological response to exercise. Recording various perceptual responses to exercise is of particular importance for investigating behavioural changes to physical activity towards health, given that the perception of exercise-induced pain, discomfort or unpleasure, and a low level of exercise enjoyment are commonly associated with a low adherence to physical activity. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the acute perceptual (i.e., ratings of perceived motor fatigue, effort perception, perceived physical strain, affective valence, arousal, motivation to exercise, conflict to continue exercise, and activity enjoyment) and physiological responses (i.e., heart rate (HR), capillary blood lactate concentration (BLC), peripheral blood oxygenation (SpO2), total tissue (tHb) and oxygenated haemoglobin concentration (SmO2) of the vastus lateralis muscle) to 40 min constant-load cycling (60% peak oxygen uptake) under intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia (IHHT), hypoxia-normoxia (IHT), and sustained normoxia (NOR) in young recreational active healthy males. No differences in the acute perceptual responses were found between conditions (p ≥ 0.059, ηp²≤0.18), while the physiological responses differed. Accordingly, SpO2 was higher during hyperoxia and normoxia in IHHT compared to IHT (p < 0.001, ηp²=0.91), respectively. Moreover, HR (p = 0.005, ηp²=0.33) and BLC (p = 0.033, ηp²=0.28) were higher during IHT compared to NOR. No differences between conditions were found for percentual changes in tHb and SmO2 of the vastus lateralis. These results suggest that replacing normoxic by hyperoxic reoxygenation-periods during submaximal constant-load cycling under intermittent hypoxia reduced the exercise-related physiological stress but had no effect on perceptual responses and perceived activity enjoyment in young recreational active healthy males.
Distinctness of the Lifted Kloosterman Sums over the Prime Field Fp
Authors: Borissov Lyubomir
Published: January 2024

In this paper we show that Kloosterman sums Kpm(u); u ∈ F*p; are distinct for arbitrary odd characteristic p and each degree of extension m of the prime field Fp.
Reducing dependence on peat for flower seedling cultivation through the use of unfermented bamboo particles as renewable resources
Authors: Lei Ting , Nie Jiao , Zhang Qing , Li Liu , Yang Hang , Zhu Junyao , Yang Lijuan , Li Jiani , Yu Xiaofang , Jiang Mingyan , Deng Xiaobing , Gao Suping
Published: January 2024

This study employed Bambusa emeiensis branches and leaves to prepare non-decomposing bamboo particles, which can serve as renewable resources in the plant cultivation industry. Experiments were conducted to assess the effect of the relative content of branches and leaves, the size, and the proportion of bamboo particles in the cultivation substrate on the growth of two flowers exhibiting distinct habitat preferences. The results indicated that the mixture ratio of branches and leaves in the substrate had a negligible impact on plant growth. The introduction of bamboo particles with a diameter between 0.5 and 1.0 mm to peat soil facilitated the growth of Ceratostigma willmottianum, whereas particles smaller than 0.5 mm proved more suitable for the growth of Plumbago auriculata. A substrate comprising 40% bamboo particles proved suitable for C. willmottianum, whereas P. auriculata exhibited better suitability to a substrate containing 60% bamboo particles. This discrepancy may stem from the alterations of the substrate’s physical and chemical properties that are determined by the bamboo particles' proportion. Consequently, additional research is necessary to ascertain the optimal quantity of bamboo particles for various plant species. Here we demonstrate that it has successfully created a renewable resource derived from B. emeiensis waste, which does not necessitate decomposition and has been implemented in soilless flower cultivation, thereby offering novel perspectives on land resource conservation.
Performance Evaluation of SC-FDMA in Fading Channels with PAPR, QAM, and RSSI Analysis
Authors: sharma Amol , Chauhan Ram Chandra Singh , Kaur Jaspreet
Published: January 2024

Wireless communication systems have evolved significantly, driven by diverse modulation techniques tailored to specific channel conditions, profoundly impacting overall performance. Achieving flawless data transmission with minimal errors hinges on employing modulation algorithms attuned to the communication channel's characteristics. Thus, power efficiency, bandwidth utilization, and error rate are crucial metrics for assessing modulation methods. M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (M-QAM) is a key player in wireless communication, especially in challenging fading channel conditions. This study extensively examines the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) performance of various M-QAM schemes across different channel scenarios, including AWGN, Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami-m fading channels. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) is analyzed to evaluate signal strength and system performance. Moreover, the study delves into Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), an innovative uplink communication method within LTE. SC-FDMA stands out for its exceptional spectral efficiency, low bit error rate, and reduced peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) compared to conventional OFDM. Through MATLAB simulations, the research assesses PAPR performance for SC-FDMA and OFDMA, exploring Distributed FDMA (DFDMA), Localized FDMA (LFDMA), and Interleaved FDMA (IFDMA) subcarrier assignment approaches. The findings indicate that IFDMA exhibits lower PAPR in SC-FDMA, while LFDMA outperforms IFDMA in Symbol Error Rate (SER) performance.
A framework for simulating genotype by environment interaction using multiplicative models
Authors: Bančič Jon , Gorjanc Gregor , Tolhurst Daniel
Published: January 2024

This paper develops a general framework for simulating genotype by environment interaction (GEI) using multiplicative models. Many stages of plant breeding are complicated by GEI, from the selection of potential parents to the development of improved genotypes for release to growers. Despite its importance, however, current plant breeding simulations do not adequately capture the complexity of GEI because they either use unrealistic models to simulate it or they ignore it completely. The framework developed in this paper simulates the two main components of GEI, that is non-crossover and crossover interaction, using the class of multiplicative models. The framework is demonstrated using two working examples supported by R code. The first example embeds the framework into a linear mixed model to generate MET datasets with low, moderate or high GEI, which are then used to compare various statistical models widely used in plant breeding. The results show that the prediction accuracy of all models increases as the level of GEI decreases or the number of sampled environments increases. The second example integrates the framework into a breeding programme simulation to compare genomic and phenotypic selection strategies over time. The results show that genomic selection outperforms phenotypic selection by 1.4−1.8 times, depending on the level of GEI. These examples demonstrate how the new framework can be used to generate realistic MET datasets and model plant breeding programmes that better reflect the complexity of real-world settings, making it a valuable tool for breeders to optimize their breeding programmes. The framework also has broader applications beyond plant breeding, including animal, aquaculture and tree breeding as well as other analysis comparison settings.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Microcellular Injection Molding Process Parameters to reduce energy consumption and improve product quality
Authors: Guo Wei , Lu Tongyuan , Zeng Fankun , Zhou Xiaoyu , Li Wei , Yuan Huan , Meng ZhengHua
Published: January 2024

The microcellular injection molding (MIM) process is widely used in the manufacture of automotive parts to achieve vehicle lightweighting. Due to the complex conditions of MIM process, it is easy to cause high energy consumption and warpage deformation of product. To achieve low energy consumption, lightweight, and high-quality production of MIM products, this study selected the automotive door interior panel as the research object, and the parameters of the MIM process were optimized by comprehensively taking into account the production energy consumption, weight, and warpage. In particular, the training sample database was created using Latin hypercube sampling, and the optimal neural network prediction model was established and selected considering the nonlinear relationship between process parameters and energy consumption, quality and warpage. Then, the NSGA-II algorithm and the fuzzy decision based on the critic method were used to identify the optimal process parameters. Finally, the finite element simulation of automobile door interior panels verifies the exactitude of the optimization process. The optimized energy consumption, weight, and warpage are 89.54 kJ, 169.5 g, and 2.807 mm, respectively, and have decreased by 16.78%, 2.88%, and 8.48% when compared with the best results under the combination of traditional process parameters.
Prediction of morbidity and mortality after thoracoabdominal esophageal surgery
Authors: Nilsson Erik , Olsén Monika Fagevik , Boström Petrus , Trolle Ulrika , Eriksson Frances , Becovic Suada , Hermansson Michael
Published: January 2024

Background Complications after esophagectomy result in higher morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stays and lower quality of life. Unfortunately, we have insufficient knowledge of which patients will tolerate the combination of strenuous oncological therapy and major surgery. This study was designed to evaluate whether additional physical tests, apart from standard preoperative workups, could help identify high-risk patients regarding esophageal cancer surgery.Methods A total of 88 patients due to undergo esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were enrolled. In addition to the mandatory physical examinations, seven additional physical therapy tests were carried out within 10 days prior to surgery. CT scans were examined by an experienced radiologist to determine whether patients suffered from sarcopenia. Perioperative data and times of death were gathered from a national register. The primary outcome was the presence of any severe postoperative complication, classified as Clavien-Dindo ≥3, with specific complications as secondary outcomes, and associations between preoperative test performance and complications were examined.Results Patients with severe complications had preoperatively performed significantly worse on peak expiratory flow tests (p = 0.013). Patients suffering from anastomotic leakage had shown significantly worse performance on cardiopulmonary exercise testing, whereas the results from shoulder abduction tests were significantly lower in patients who later suffered from pneumonia (p = 0.034 and p = 0.043, respectively).Conclusion More extensive preoperative physical examination tests could potentially aid in identifying patients with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Further studies are needed on the subject to corroborate these findings and evaluate their clinical use.
Hematocrit control and thrombotic risk in patients with polycythemia vera treated with ruxolitinib in clinical practice
Authors: Chojecki Aleksander , Boselli Danielle , Dortilus Allison , Hamadeh Issam , Begley Stephanie , Chen Tommy , Bose Rupali , Podoltsev Nikolai , Zeidan Amer , Balmaceda Nicole Baranda , Yacoub Abdulraheem , Ai Jing , Knight Thomas Gregory , Ragon Brittany Knick , Shah Nilay , Sanikommu Srinivasa Reddy , Symanowski James , Mesa Ruben , Grunwald Michael
Published: January 2024

Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by unregulated red blood cell production resulting in elevated hemoglobin (HGB) and/or hematocrit (HCT). Patients often have clinical symptoms such as fatigue, pruritus, and painful splenomegaly but are also at increased risk of thrombosis, both venous and arterial. Ruxolitinib, a selective JAK inhibitor, is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as second-line cytoreductive treatment after intolerance or inadequate response to hydroxyurea. Though ruxolitinib has been widely used in this setting, limited data exist in the literature on ruxolitinib treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with PV in routine clinical practice. We report a retrospective, observational, cohort study of patients treated for PV with ruxolitinib across three US centers (academic and regional practice) from December 2014-December 2019. We identified 69 patients with a median follow-up was 3.7 years (95% CI, 2.9 to 4.4). Our data demonstrate very high rates of HCT control (88% of patients by three months and 89% by six months); few patients required dose adjustments or suspension during the study period. No arterial thromboses were observed and we found that one patient had a thrombotic event in the setting of a second malignancy. We also found that 28% of patients initiated ruxolitinib as a result of poorly controlled platelet counts, second only to hydroxyurea intolerance (46%). In clinical practice, ruxolitinib continues to be effective in controlling HCT after three and six months of treatment in patients with low thrombotic risk.
Enhancing Real-time Target Detection in Smart Cities: YOLOv8-DSAF Insights
Authors: Li Yihong , Huang Yanrong , Tao Qi
Published: January 2024

With the global rise of smart city construction, target detection technology plays a crucial role in optimizing urban functions and improving the quality of life. However, existing target detection technologies still have shortcomings in terms of accuracy, real-time performance, and adaptability. To address this challenge, this study proposes an innovative target detection model. Our model adopts the structure of YOLOv8-DSAF. The model comprises three key modules: Depthwise Separable Convolution (DSConv), Dual-Path Attention Gate module (DPAG), and Feature Enhancement Module (FEM). Firstly, DSConv technology optimizes computational complexity, enabling real-time target detection within limited hardware resources. Secondly, the DPAG module introduces a dual-channel attention mechanism, allowing the model to selectively focus on crucial areas, thereby improving detection accuracy in high-dynamic traffic scenarios. Finally, the FEM module highlights crucial features to prevent their loss, further enhancing detection accuracy. Experimental results on the KITTI V and Cityscapes datasets indicate that our model outperforms the YOLOv8 model. This suggests that in complex urban traffic scenarios, our model exhibits superior performance with higher detection accuracy and adaptability. We believe that this innovative model will significantly propel the development of smart cities and advance target detection technology.
Serum Beclin-1 Levels in Patients With Preeclampsia: a Case Control Study
Authors: Imamoglu Metehan , Ekici Huseyin , Okmen Firat , Hortu Ismet , Yeniel Ahmet Ozgur
Published: January 2024

Background
Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic degradation process in cellular physiology. Beclin-1 is a protein that regulates this process and is used as a marker of this process in tissues. We evaluated the serum beclin-1 levels in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.
Methods
41 women with preeclampsia and 47 women with uncomplicated pregnancies were enrolled in the study. Maternal serum levels of beclin-1 were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA). Demographic data and several other parameters were also recorded and analyzed.
Results
Mean serum beclin-1 levels were lower in patients with preeclampsia and this difference was statistically significant (6.32±.65 vs 4.05±.67, p<0.05). Urea and creatinine levels were significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia (p<0.005). Beclin-1 levels were found as statistically different in early and late preeclampsia groups as well, again revealing lower mean beclin-1 levels in preeclamptic patients (p: 0.000, p: 0.000 respectively)
Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the serum beclin-1 levels in patients with preeclampsia and demonstrated the altered serum beclin-1 levels in preeclamptic patients. This finding suggests that serum beclin-1 levels also reflect the altered autophagy process in preeclampsia and can be utilized as a clinical tool.
How is Intimate Partner Violence associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections and Reproductive Tract Infections? A Cross-Sectional Study with Afghan Refugee Women in Iran
Authors: Delkhosh Marjan , Ardalan Ali , Foroushani Abbas Rahimi , Salehpoor-Emran Mohammad , Merghati-Khoei Effat
Published: January 2024

Background
Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) by refugee women is debatable. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) are IPV’s squeals. This study aimed to examine associations between IPV and RTI/STI.
Methods
This cross-sectional population-based household survey was conducted with 188 reproductive-age Afghan refugee women residing in a refugee settlement in a selected city in Iran, 2016-17. Data were collected using three self-report instruments: a Socio-demographic characteristics form, the Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence, Women’s self-reported RTI/STI-associated symptoms, and the Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women. The SPSS software (v. 22) was used to analyze the data at a significance level of less than 0.05. The chi-square test and Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used. The logistic regression model evaluated associations between variables.
Results
The majority of women (79.8%) had ever experienced IPV during the last year and reported at least one symptom related to RTI/STI (70.2%). ‘Age 15–24 years’ (p = 0.037) (OR 0.49; 95% CI, 0.11–2.12), ‘no condom use’ (p = 0.014) (OR 5.31; 95% CI, 1.11–25.41) and ‘having forced anal sex’ (p = 0.036) (OR 0.49; 95% CI, 0.11–2.12) were found to be significantly associated with the reported symptoms. Most of the women (66.9%) neither sought help for their RTI/STI symptoms by healthcare nor received treatment. IPV was positively associated with RTI/STI -associated symptoms (p < 0.0001), having a history of RTI/STI diagnosis (p < 0.0001), and experiencing at least one of the most specific RTI/STI-associated symptoms (vaginal discharge and genital ulcers) (p < 0.0001). Women who had experienced any RTI/STI-associated symptoms experienced more sexual abuse from their spouses compared to women without any history of STI/RTI-reported symptoms (p < 0.0001) (OR 4.12; 95% CI, 1.87–9.08).
Conclusions
The prevalence of STI/RTI-associated symptoms among the Afghan refugee population is considerable. Also, the high prevalence of IPV and its strong links with the prevalence of reported RTI/STI-associated symptoms underline the urgent need for developing, testing, and implementing appropriate and timely interventions for managing RTI/STI and IPV simultaneously in refugee camps/settlements to tackle both violence and RTI/STI among refugee couples.
Positive effect of deactivated ion Tb3+ and non-optical active ion Al3+ co-doping on the Dy3+: CaLaGa3O7 crystal as a promising 574 nm yellow laser crystal
Authors: Liu Yunyun , Jiang Meimeng , Wang Lu , Huang Chuanxin , Gao Ju , Sun Yijian , Wang Yan
Published: January 2024

A deactivated ion Tb3+ and non-optical active ion Al3+ co-doped Dy3+: CaLaGa3O7 (abbr. as Dy/Tb: CLAGO) yellow laser crystal was successfully grown and studied. The band structure of CLAGO shows that the hybrid CLAGO matrix is suitable as luminescent materials. Before crystal grown, Dy/Tb: CLAGO polycrystals with different concentrations of Tb3+ were synthesized to select the optimal doping concentration of Tb3+ and the value is 0.2 at.%. Then, the Dy/Tb: CLAGO singly crystal was grown by Cz technology and the tetragonal structure was confirmed by XRD measurement. The effect of Tb3+ co-doping on the optical properties was investigated in detail. The excitation spectrum shows that the Dy/Tb: CLAGO can be effective pumped by a conventional 450 nm GaN LD. Under excitation at 450 nm, the emission spectrum not only contains the typical emissions of Dy3+, but also has a 543 nm emission band of Tb3+. In comparison to Dy: CLGO crystal, the Dy/Tb: CLAGO crystal possessed a larger emission cross-section (4.05×10-21 cm2) at the central wavelength of 574 nm. In addition, due to the introduction of Tb3+, the population on the laser lower level of Dy3+: 6H13/2 decreases, while the impact on the upper level (Dy3+: 4F9/2) is minimal. These results suggest that the Dy3+/Tb3+ co-doped CaLa(Al/Ga)3O7 crystal could be an attractive host for 574 nm yellow laser under a conventional 450 nm LD.
Postnatal Experiences of Teenage Mothers in selected communities in Central Region, Ghana: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Twintoh Reuben Foster , Amu Hubert , Kruh Vivian , Korsah Kwaku-Kissah , Esia-Donkoh Kobina , Darteh Eugene Koffour Marfo
Published: January 2024

Background.
Teenage childbirth is an issue of social and public health concern in Ghana, with high prevalence in some regions, including the Central Region. There is a dire need to understand the experiences of teenagers beyond pregnancies to facilitate comprehensive sexual and reproductive health information and service provision. We explored the postnatal experiences of teenage mothers in five communities in the Central Region of Ghana.
Methods.
We adopted a descriptive phenomenological design. Using in-depth interview guides and pictorial diaries/guides, 30 teenage mothers who had given birth less than two years before our study, were recruited. Data were analysed thematically using a systematic qualitative-oriented text analysis with QSR NVivo 12 Pro software.
Results.
Teenage mothers experienced medical-related conditions such as postpartum haemorrhage, preterm births, and low birth weight of their babies. Socio-cultural, psychological, and economic-related experiences were also observed. Teenage mothers were inexperienced and lacked financial support after childbirth. They often depended on the microsystem consisting of the family, friends, and the children’s fathers as major coping strategies to enable them and their babies to survive, develop, and become healthy and happy in life.
Conclusions.
Teenage mothers are confronted with challenges that require the assistance of actors within the microsystem to address. We recommend that stakeholders including healthcare professionals, traditional birth attendants (TBAs), and parents be sensitive to the postnatal challenges faced by teenage mothers so that they can work at providing the necessary skills and support to enable them to cope better with motherhood.
Assessing heating efficiencies of PVPylated divalent metal-doped MFe2O4 nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia
Authors: El-Boubbou Kheireddine , Lemine O. Mohamed , Algessair Saja , Madkhali Nawal , Al-Najar Basma , Ali Rizwan
Published: January 2024

There is an incessant demand to keep improving on the heating responses of polymeric magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) under magnetic excitation, particularly in their pursuit to be utilized for clinical hyperthermia applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of a panel of PVP-coated metal-doped MFe2O4 (M ≅ Co, Ni, Mn, Zn) MNPs prepared via the Ko-precipitation Hydrolytic Basic (KHB) methodology and assess their magnetic and self-heating abilities. The physiochemical, structural, morphological, compositional, and magnetic properties of the doped MNPs were fully characterized using various spectroscopic techniques mainly TEM, XRD, FTIR, and VSM. The obtained MNPs exhibited stabilized quasi-spherical sized particles (10–15 nm), well-crystallized cubic inverse spinel phases, high saturation magnetizations (26–81 emu/g) and ferromagnetic behavior. In response to alternating magnetic field (AMF), distinctive heating responses of these doped ferrite NPs were attained. Heating efficacies and specific absorption rate (SAR) values as functions of concentration, frequency, and amplitude were systematically investigated. The highest heating performance was observed for PVP-NiFe2O4 followed by PVP-CoFe2O4 and the least for PVP-Zn-doped and Mn-doped MNPs (SAR values Ni > Co > Zn > Mn). Finally, cytotoxicity assay was conducted on aqueous dispersions of the doped ferrite NPs, proving their biocompatibility and low toxicity. Our results strongly suggest that the PVPylated metal-doped ferrite NPs prepared here, particularly Ni- and Co-doped MNPs, are promising vehicles for potential combined magnetically-triggered biomedical hyperthermia applications.