bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chuva de sementes em fragmentos de mata atlântica do Parque Estadual da Cantareira, Mairiporã (SP)
Authors: Paulo Alves de Almeida Junior  , José Marcos Barbosa
Published: July 2024

A chuva de sementes é um processo importante para determinar a dinâmica e os tipos de dispersão dos diásporos. Visando compreender os processos envolvidos para as espécies ocorrentes no Parque Estadual da Cantareira, Mairiporã (SP), objetivou-se caracterizar a chuva de sementes das populações locais em dois fragmentos de floresta, por meio de 20 coletores de madeira, sendo distribuídos cinco na Trilha do Macuco e 15 na Trilha da Cachoeira. Avaliaram-se mensalmente, pelo período de um ano, as densidades de propágulos depositados nos coletores, sendo esses propágulos identificados e categorizados com base na sua síndrome de dispersão e na sua classe sucessional. Realizaram-se análises estatísticas em relação a distribuição de sementes, frequências relativas, densidade e densidade relativa dos táxons identificados, com o software Microsoft Excel 2010 para Windows. Com relação às síndromes de dispersão e classes sucessionais, houve predominância da síndrome zoocórica e de espécies de classes sucessionais secundárias. A quantidade e a riqueza de diásporos amostrados foram elevadas, considerando-se os padrões de floresta atlântica. As espécies mais abundantes e presentes na maioria das parcelas foram Cordia americana (L.) Gottschling J.S.Mill., Serjania multiflora Cambess e Vernonia discolor (Spreng.) Less.
Diatomáceas fitoplanctônicas da Praia do Gi, Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Débora Bärwaldt Dutra  , Marinês Garcia
Published: July 2024

Amostras do fitoplâncton marinho costeiro foram coletadas na Praia do Gi (Laguna, Brasil) com rede de plâncton de malha 20 µm em março de 2014. Foram encontradas 74 espécies de diatomáceas, pertencentes a 49 gêneros. As espécies estudadas são listadas com suas respectivas dimensões celulares juntamente com imagens em microscopia óptica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Thalassiosira foi o gênero com o maior número de espécies, sendo Thalassiosira profunda pela primeira vez registrada para o Oceano Atlântico Sul. Anaulus australis apresenta sua distribuição austral ampliada para 28° S.
A tradição extrativista do cipó-imbé (Philodendron corcovadense Kunth – Araceae) nas comunidades tradicionais de cipozeiros na mata atlântica em Garuva, Santa Catarina
Authors: Roberta Ramos  , Marcelino Hurmus  , Dione Nery Cavalcanti Benevenutti  , João Carlos Ferreira de Melo Júnior
Published: July 2024

O cipó-imbé é uma liana hemiepífita presente nos remanescentes florestais do litoral norte catarinense. Suas raízes adventícias são largamente utilizadas pelas comunidades tradicionais de Garuva na fabricação de artesanato. Ao longo dos anos, os cipozeiros do município vêm relatando a escassez do recurso nas florestas fonte do extrativismo. Além disso, a maior parte dos itens artesanais produzidos tem pouco valor agregado, levando a uma maior pressão sobre a planta, uma vez que a baixa remuneração é compensada pela grande quantidade produzida. Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a cadeia produtiva do artesanato de cipóimbé e apresentar uma breve descrição da estrutura anatômica da raiz adventícia de Philodendron corcovadense, com vistas a levantar dados relacionados ao tema.
Palynological characterization of species of Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. and Lamiaceae Martinov (Lamiales Bromhead)
Authors: Gabriele Patricia Vitoria da Silva  , Bruna Tereza Possamai  , Gabriel da Rosa Schroeder  , Nilton Paulo Vieira Junior  , Enderlei Dec  , Denise Monique Dubet da Silva Mouga
Published: July 2024

Clerodendrum splendens A. Chev., Clerodendrum x speciosum Tiej. & Binn, Clerodendrum thomsonae Balf. F., Clerodendrum ugandense L., Congea tomentosa Roxb., Duranta erecta L., Petrea volubilis L. and Petrea volubilis f. albiflora (Standl.) Standl. pollen grains were acetolyzed, photographed and measured under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Values presented are averages in micrometers. Grains are monads, radially symmetrical, isopolar, large (C. ugandense, very large, C. tomentosa, small-medium and D. erecta, medium),tricolpate (P. volubilis f. albiflora, dimorphic grains with 3-4 colpus). Ambitus is circular (C. tomentosa and D. erecta, sub-circular, P. volubilis , triangular, P. volubilis f. albiflora, triangular-quadrangular). The form is oblate-spheroidal (C. splendens, C. x speciosum, C. ugandense), prolate-spheroidal (C. thomsonae), prolate (C. tomentosa), suboblate (D. erecta) and oblate (P. volubilis, P. volubilis f. albiflora). Exine thickness is in C. splendens 4,28, C. x speciosum 4,19, C. ugandense 4,33, C. thomsonae 4,18, C. tomentosa 1,4, D. erecta 1,55, P. volubilis 2,49, P. volubilis f. albiflora 2,68. Ornamentation is micro-echinate (C. splendens, C. x speciosum, C. thomsonae), echinate (C. ugandense), reticulate (C. tomentosa), psilate (D. erecta, P. volubilis, P. volubulis f. albiflora). Duranta and Petrea are close to Verbenaceae pattern, Congea to Lamiaceae and Clerodendrum loosely to Lamiaceae.
Making a point: A study of later prehistoric pins from the Netherlands (2200-250 BCE)
Authors: Arnoldussen S. , Steegstra H.
Published: July 2024

In this contribution, we discuss the nearly two hundred later prehistoric pins from bronze and iron that were found in the Netherlands, and range in date between the Late Neolithic and the Late Iron Age (2200- 250 BCE). For all these pins, we provide information on form, dimensions and decoration, that help to identify local and supra-regional styles in dress-fasteners. Production techniques and compositions of the bronze alloys used are – where available – also discussed. The diachronic and systematic review of their contexts of recovery and object associations, allow to identify diachronic trends in pin use and pin deposition, which means that both local and supra-regional traditions in identity expression using pins can be identified.
The Hebrew Spinoza
Authors: Katz Gideon
Published: July 2024

Spinoza has gained acceptance into Hebrew culture in the last two centuries, a period that includes the Jewish Haskalah in Europe, the culture created in Eretz Yisrael in the pre-statehood days, and contemporary Israeli culture. This acceptance is rather intimate by nature. Hebrew authors and their readers turned to Spinoza to clarify their own problems. To these audiences, Spinoza was not only a great philosopher, whose writings are worth interpreting and spreading. He was also perceived as someone who could help formulate what Judaism is and learn the possible meaning it can find in the world of Jews who had moved away from a religious lifestyle.
Maatschappelijke doelgroepen en activiteiten van het project De Start van Veeteelt in Nederland
Authors: Raemaekers Daan , Van Oorsouw Marie-France
Published: July 2024

Societal target audiences and activities of the project the Emergence of Domesticated Animals in the Netherlands (EDAN). This contribution presents the societal outreach activities that are part of the 2020-2024 EDAN project. We present the ambition to have an impact on farmers because they play an important role as caretakers of archaeological values in the soil. To this end, we organized an exhibition in the Rundveemuseum in Aartswoud and produced a freely available module for students in animal husbandry.
De mesolithische structuur van Kampen: woonhut, windscherm of luchtkasteel?
Authors: Stoop Dion , Verbeek Cyriel
Published: July 2024

The mesolithic features of Kampen: hut, windbreak or castle in the air? In 2016, several possible posthole were found below a circular Mesolithic flint scatter in Kampen (province of Overijssel, the Netherlands). Based on spatial analysis (ring-and-sector analysis) of the flint corresponding to these possible postholes, this scatter was interpreted by Geerts et al (2019) as “the best example of a Mesolithic dwelling-structure known so far in the Netherlands”(translation). Although this is a very promising site, there are some doubts about this interpretation. Several of the ‘postholes’ were dismissed as natural features in the field, and the features which constitute the postulated hut do not correspond morphologically to each other, even though these are supposedly contemporary. This is especially true for the ‘central pole’. This leaves room for other interpretations, such as a windbreak, or natural features, and the find cannot be irrefutably interpreted as a dwelling structure.
Exploring Psychotherapists’ Attitudes on Internet- and Mobile-Based Interventions in Germany: Thematic Analysis
Authors: Hildebrand Anne Sophie , Planert Jari , Machulska Alla , Margraf Lena Maria , Roesmann Kati , Klucken Tim
Published: July 2024

Background

In recent years, internet- and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) have become increasingly relevant in mental health care and have sparked societal debates. Psychotherapists’ perspectives are essential for identifying potential opportunities for improvement, facilitating conditions, and barriers to the implementation of these interventions.

Objective

This study aims to explore psychotherapists’ perspectives on opportunities for improvement, facilitating conditions, and barriers to using IMIs.

Methods

The study used a qualitative research design, utilizing open-ended items in a cross-sectional survey. A total of 350 psychotherapists were asked to provide their written opinions on various aspects of IMIs. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data and identify core themes.

Results

The analysis revealed 11 core themes related to the use of IMIs, which were categorized into 4 superordinate categories: “Applicability,” “Treatment Resources,” “Technology,” and “Perceived Risks and Barriers.” While many psychotherapists viewed IMIs as a valuable support for conventional psychotherapy, they expressed skepticism about using IMIs as a substitute. Several factors were perceived as hindrances to the applicability of IMIs in clinical practice, including technological issues, subjective concerns about potential data protection risks, a lack of individualization due to the manualized nature of most IMIs, and the high time and financial costs for both psychotherapists and patients. They expressed a desire for easily accessible information on evidence and programs to reduce the time and effort required for training and advocated for this information to be integrated into the conceptualization of new IMIs.

Conclusions

The findings of this study emphasize the importance of considering psychotherapists’ attitudes in the development, evaluation, and implementation of IMIs. This study revealed that psychotherapists recognized both the opportunities and risks associated with the use of IMIs, with most agreeing that IMIs serve as a tool to support traditional psychotherapy rather than as a substitute for it. Furthermore, it is essential to involve psychotherapists in discussions about IMIs specifically, as well as in the development of new methodologies in psychotherapy more broadly. Overall, this study can advance the use of IMIs in mental health care and contribute to the ongoing societal debate surrounding these interventions.
Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment From Non-Semantic, Acoustic Voice Features: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Ding Huitong , Lister Adrian , Karjadi Cody , Au Rhoda , Lin Honghuang , Bischoff Brian , Hwang Phillip H
Published: July 2024

Background

With the aging global population and the rising burden of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs), there is a growing focus on identifying mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to enable timely interventions that could potentially slow down the onset of clinical dementia. The production of speech by an individual is a cognitively complex task that engages various cognitive domains. The ease of audio data collection highlights the potential cost-effectiveness and noninvasive nature of using human speech as a tool for cognitive assessment.

Objective

This study aimed to construct a machine learning pipeline that incorporates speaker diarization, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification to identify a set of acoustic features derived from voice recordings that exhibit strong MCI detection capability.

Methods

The study included 100 MCI cases and 100 cognitively normal controls matched for age, sex, and education from the Framingham Heart Study. Participants' spoken responses on neuropsychological tests were recorded, and the recorded audio was processed to identify segments of each participant's voice from recordings that included voices of both testers and participants. A comprehensive set of 6385 acoustic features was then extracted from these voice segments using OpenSMILE and Praat software. Subsequently, a random forest model was constructed to classify cognitive status using the features that exhibited significant differences between the MCI and cognitively normal groups. The MCI detection performance of various audio lengths was further examined.

Results

An optimal subset of 29 features was identified that resulted in an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87, with a 95% CI of 0.81-0.94. The most important acoustic feature for MCI classification was the number of filled pauses (importance score=0.09, P=3.10E–08). There was no substantial difference in the performance of the model trained on the acoustic features derived from different lengths of voice recordings.

Conclusions

This study showcases the potential of monitoring changes to nonsemantic and acoustic features of speech as a way of early ADRD detection and motivates future opportunities for using human speech as a measure of brain health.
A Compressive Armchair (OTO) to Perform Deep Pressure Therapy in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: User-Centered Design and Feasibility Study
Authors: Gargot Thomas , Vachaud Amandine , Gilard Clémence , Audrain Alexia , Gomot Marie , Guidotti Marco , Briend Frédéric , Malvy Joëlle , Bonnet Brilhault Frédérique
Published: July 2024

Background

Deep pressure therapy (DPT) is widely used to reduce anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but evidence of its efficacy is limited.

Objective

This study aims to design a usable, nonstigmatizing compressive armchair that can be easily controlled, electronically, by the user.

Methods

A user-centered approach was used to assess the usability of the device. Testing was carried out in a day hospital for children with ASD in France, with a convenience sample of children with severe forms of ASD and intellectual deficiency (N=39). The Witteman design guideline was used. The System Usability Scale and time of use were reported.

Results

The final product is a compressive armchair designed to be user centered, with 4 different cells that can be inflated to induce tailored pressure on the body. The pressure level is recorded electronically. Usability was between good and excellent. The device was used by 39 children, once or twice weekly, over a period of 31 months. Each session lasted between 3 and 20 minutes. The armchair takes up less space than a hug machine. Performing sessions with the chair is feasible.

Conclusions

First clinical impressions show a decrease in anxiety, improved emotional regulation, and improved attention. DPT is widely used in occupational therapy and frequently requested by parents, but efficacy studies are too scarce to make evidence-based recommendations for its use. The results presented here support further controlled efficacy studies of DPT in the treatment of anxiety in children with ASD.
Twitter Discussions on #digitaldementia: Content and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Cho Hyeongchan , Kim Kyu-Min , Kim Jee-Young , Youn Bo-Young
Published: July 2024

Background

Digital dementia is a term that describes a possible decline in cognitive abilities, especially memory, attributed to the excessive use of digital technology such as smartphones, computers, and tablets. This concept has gained popularity in public discourse and media lately. With the increasing use of social media platforms such as Twitter (subsequently rebranded as X), discussions about digital dementia have become more widespread, which offer a rich source of information to understand public perceptions, concerns, and sentiments regarding this phenomenon.

Objective

The aim of this research was to delve into a comprehensive content and sentiment analysis of Twitter discussions regarding digital dementia using the hashtag #digitaldementia.

Methods

Retrospectively, publicly available English-language tweets with hashtag combinations related to the topic of digital dementia were extracted from Twitter. The tweets were collected over a period of 15 years, from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2022. Content analysis was used to identify major themes within the tweets, and sentiment analysis was conducted to understand the positive and negative emotions associated with these themes in order to gain a better understanding of the issues surrounding digital dementia. A one-way ANOVA was performed to gather detailed statistical insights regarding the selected tweets from influencers within each theme.

Results

This study was conducted on 26,290 tweets over 15 years by 5123 Twitter users, mostly female users in the United States. The influencers had followers ranging from 20,000 to 1,195,000 and an average of 214,878 subscribers. The study identified four themes regarding digital dementia after analyzing tweet content: (1) cognitive decline, (2) digital dependency, (3) technology overload, and (4) coping strategies. Categorized according to Glaser and Strauss’s classifications, most tweets (14,492/26,290, 55.12%) fell under the categories of wretched (purely negative) or bad (mostly negative). However, only a small proportion of tweets (3122/26,290, 11.86%) were classified as great (purely positive) or swell sentiment (mostly positive). The ANOVA results showed significant differences in mean sentiment scores among the themes (F3,3581=29.03; P<.001). The mean sentiment score was –0.1072 (SD 0.4276).

Conclusions

Various negative tweets have raised concerns about the link between excessive use of digital devices and cognitive decline, often known as digital dementia. Of particular concern is the rapid increase in digital device use. However, some positive tweets have suggested coping strategies. Engaging in digital detox activities, such as increasing physical exercise and participating in yoga and meditation, could potentially help prevent cognitive decline.
Evaluating the Potential and Pitfalls of AI-Powered Conversational Agents as Humanlike Virtual Health Carers in the Remote Management of Noncommunicable Diseases: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Anisha Sadia Azmin , Sen Arkendu , Bain Chris
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The rising prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide and the high recent mortality rates (74.4%) associated with them, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is causing a substantial global burden of disease, necessitating innovative and sustainable long-term care solutions.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)–based conversational agents (CAs)—including chatbots, voicebots, and anthropomorphic digital avatars—as human-like health caregivers in the remote management of NCDs as well as identify critical areas for future research and provide insights into how these technologies might be used effectively in health care to personalize NCD management strategies.

METHODS

A broad literature search was conducted in July 2023 in 6 electronic databases—Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science—using the search terms “conversational agents,” “artificial intelligence,” and “noncommunicable diseases,” including their associated synonyms. We also manually searched gray literature using sources such as ProQuest Central, ResearchGate, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar. We included empirical studies published in English from January 2010 to July 2023 focusing solely on health care–oriented applications of CAs used for remote management of NCDs. The narrative synthesis approach was used to collate and summarize the relevant information extracted from the included studies.

RESULTS

The literature search yielded a total of 43 studies that matched the inclusion criteria. Our review unveiled four significant findings: (1) higher user acceptance and compliance with anthropomorphic and avatar-based CAs for remote care; (2) an existing gap in the development of personalized, empathetic, and contextually aware CAs for effective emotional and social interaction with users, along with limited consideration of ethical concerns such as data privacy and patient safety; (3) inadequate evidence of the efficacy of CAs in NCD self-management despite a moderate to high level of optimism among health care professionals regarding CAs’ potential in remote health care; and (4) CAs primarily being used for supporting nonpharmacological interventions such as behavioral or lifestyle modifications and patient education for the self-management of NCDs.

CONCLUSIONS

This review makes a unique contribution to the field by not only providing a quantifiable impact analysis but also identifying the areas requiring imminent scholarly attention for the ethical, empathetic, and efficacious implementation of AI in NCD care. This serves as an academic cornerstone for future research in AI-assisted health care for NCD management.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GU5PX
Calorie Counting Apps for Monitoring and Managing Calorie Intake in Adults with Weight-Related Chronic Diseases: A Decade-long Scoping Review (2013-2024) (Preprint)
Authors: Dugas Kaylee Rose , Giroux Marie-Andrée , Guerroudj Abdelatif , Leger Jazna , Rouhafzay Asal , Rouhafzay Ghazal , Jbilou Jalila
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of weight-related chronic diseases presents a critical challenge to healthcare systems. In Canada, obesity rates are alarmingly high, with significant regional disparities. Obesity is strongly associated with numerous health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension, resulting in considerable societal costs. Effective weight management programs often involve dietary self-monitoring, and mobile health (mHealth) apps. Particularly calorie counting apps, have emerged as promising tools due to widespread smartphone ownership and increased telemedicine utilization. However, the heterogeneity of these apps complicates the assessment of their clinical feasibility and efficacy.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically evaluate the structure and content of 46 calorie counting apps, identify predictors of their acceptability and feasibility among adults with obesity or weight-related chronic diseases, and formulate evidence-based recommendations for app developers, clinicians, and researchers.

METHODS

A comprehensive review and analysis of 46 existing calorie counting apps will be conducted, focusing on their functionalities, features, and user engagement metrics. Additionally, the study will investigate predictors of app acceptability and feasibility through surveys and user feedback from adults with obesity or weight-related chronic conditions. The findings will be synthesized to develop practical recommendations for enhancing the design and clinical implementation of calorie counting apps.

RESULTS

The review identified significant variety in the functionalities and features of calorie counting apps. Key predictors of acceptability included personalized features, automated functionalities, user-friendly interfaces, and the ability to share data with healthcare professionals. Barriers to acceptability and feasibility were identified as technical issues, limited food databases, and the high effort required for manual entry. The study also highlighted a decline in user adherence over time, emphasizing the need for engaging and simplified calorie tracking methods.

CONCLUSIONS

Calorie counting apps hold potential as tools for managing obesity and weight-related chronic diseases. To enhance their clinical utility, app developers should focus on improving user engagement through personalized and automated features, ensuring comprehensive food databases, and minimizing the effort required for dietary self-monitoring. Further research is needed to validate these apps' effectiveness and explore strategies to sustain user adherence. The findings provide valuable insights for developing more effective and user-friendly mHealth interventions.
Outcomes from an exploratory trial of an immersive virtual reality solution for adapted physical activity in older adults (Preprint)
Authors: De Luca Vincenzo , Qbilat Malak , Cesaroni Francesca , Lanari Chiara , van Berlo Ad , Mota Telma , Pannese Lucia , Brandstötter Michael , Arendse Matthieu , Mota Vania , van Staalduinen Willeke , Paredes Hugo , Iaccarino Guido , Illario Maddalena
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

Insufficient physical activity is one of the leading risk factors for death worldwide. Regular exercise can improve physical performance and quality of life, reduce the risks of falls and depressive symptoms, and reduce the likelihood of cognitive decline in older adults. Immersive virtual reality (VR) and serious games (SG) are promising tools to improve physical and cognitive functioning. As part of the VR2Care project activities, four pilot sites explored the capabilities of the VR environment in a remote psychomotor training with SG and a hybrid approach with local groups of older adults performing physical activity.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to explore and measure the impact on older adults’ quality of life and physical activity of using VR2Care solution and the level of usability, satisfaction and acceptance.

METHODS

The study is a mixed method study, using qualitative and quantitative surveys to evaluate quality of life and physical activity of older users, and usability, satisfaction and acceptance of the solution. Data were collected at baseline and after a follow-up of 6 weeks. The data collection is a mix of investigator site data entry and users’ self-reported data through the solutions or through online and paper-based means.

RESULTS

No significant improvements in quality of life and physical activity were found. Little improvement, although not significant, in physical activity was found, comparing the Total MET average value of users who participated in phase I and II, therefore using SmartAL and Rehability. No significant improvement in physical activity was found, comparing the Total MET average value of users ≤75. Little improvement, although not significant, in physical activity applies in ≥76 population. Users’ feedback on usability, satisfaction and acceptance of VR2Care is generally positive. VR2Care was appreciated mostly for its usefulness in managing physical activity and the capacity to influence the consistency of attending physical activity sessions as prescribed by doctor.

CONCLUSIONS

Our results suggest that randomized controlled trial will be needed to assess correlations between specific features of the solution and health outcomes.
LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test (Preprint)
Authors: Biswal Subhashree , Abraham Tadele , Marri Bhuvana
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test

OBJECTIVE

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test

METHODS

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test

RESULTS

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test

CONCLUSIONS

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test

CLINICALTRIAL

LTP-Post_HS processing statuses 22 and 23 test
EFL Writer Identity Construction in Academic Writings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Nengyan
Published: July 2024

English, as the most widely used language in academic publications, poses great challenges for novice EFL researchers not only in the language competence, but also in constructing authorial identity in academic writing because the codes for the construction of writer identity is implicit. This paper reviews the research on identity construction in academic writing among EFL writers published in key applied linguistics journals between 2000 and 2024, and summarizes the current research status of writer identity construction in academic writing and delves into the characteristics and influencing factors of identity construction. Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical framework and the characteristics of the EFL writers, we have selected representative papers, including empirical studies, theoretical discussions, and case studies, to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of this review.The study found that the construction of writer identity in academic writing is a complex and multifaceted process. It is not only influenced by the English language proficiency of the writer but also by a combination of factors such as individual experiences, academic background, and sociocultural factors. These factors collectively shape the writer’s identity and recognition by others in the academic community, thereby affecting their status and influence in the academic field. This paper aims to provide valuable references and inspirations for future research on academic writing and writer identity construction.
Evaluation of Newtonian Cooling
Authors: Jain Daksh
Published: July 2024

This paper evaluates the accuracy of Newton’s law of cooling or Newtonian Cooling at standard conditions at four different temperatures and two different thermal conditions. Graphical data is collected via experiments and other plots are analyzed to quantify the inaccuracy in theoretical models, modeling the observed data. Post-analysis results show that the Law provides higher accuracy in predicting temperatures at lower temperature differences between ambient temperature and the temperature of the object in question; moreover, heat loss through thermal radiation, conduction, and convection increased the accuracy of predicting the temperatures when comparing the accuracy to the case where heat transfer through conduction and radiation was allowed.
A Systematic Review on Sedative and Hypnotics
Authors: Vitukade Ganesh Anil
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Sedative and hypnotic drugs are central nervous system depressants primarily used to induce calmness, reduce anxiety, and promote sleep. These medications include benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and various non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, each varying in their mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety profiles. Benzodiazepines, such as diazepam and alprazolam, enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, resulting in sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects. They are commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders, insomnia, seizures, and muscle spasms. However, their use is associated with risks of tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms. Barbiturates, such as phenobarbital, were once widely used for their sedative and hypnotic properties but have largely been replaced by benzodiazepines and other safer alternatives due to their higher risk of overdose and dependence. Barbiturates enhance GABAergic transmission but also directly activate GABA receptors, leading to more profound central nervous system depression. Non-benzodiazepine sleep aids, including drugs like zolpidem, eszopiclone, and zaleplon, act on the benzodiazepine receptor site but have a different chemical structure. These drugs are often preferred for short-term treatment of insomnia due to their relatively lower risk of dependence and adverse effects compared to benzodiazepines.
A Comparative Study on Digital Financial Literacy and E-Banking Adoption
Authors: Yadav Mamta
Published: July 2024

Abstract: In this research paper I have thoroughly described about the topic “A Comparative Study on Digital Financial Literacy and E-Banking Adoption”. The rapid expansion of digital technology has altered money. Thus, digital financial literacy and ebanking are more crucial than ever. The opening of this paper discusses the relationship between digital financial literacy and ebanking and their importance in the current world. Digital financial literacy is having the knowledge, skills, and trust to manage your money online. E-banking services are increasing, therefore people must grasp online transfers, mobile payments, and safety. The purpose of this research is to determine whether digital financial knowledge affects e-banking usage. E-banking is popular since it's simple and provides financial services. To be extensively utilized, individuals must comprehend and accept digital technologies. This research assumes that individuals who understand digital finances would utilize e-banking more since they grasp its advantages and hazards. Mixed-methods research will test this notion. This means quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews will be utilized to learn about individuals' attitudes, challenges, and motives for utilizing e-banking. The research seeks to determine which aspects of digital financial literacy most impact online bankers. This work has wide-ranging impacts. Financial organizations, politicians, and schools may utilize its findings to develop targeted initiatives to increase digital financial literacy and encourage confident e-banking. Filling knowledge gaps and addressing anxieties may help society reap the advantages of digital banking while minimizing hazards. This research contributes to the digital financial literacy and e-banking discussion. It intends to reveal how people's digital financial abilities impact their propensity to utilize e-banking services, paving the way for an open, information-based digital financial future.
Charles De Gaulle’s Leadership Research through CIP Leadership Model
Authors: Jung Han-Yong , Jeon Ki-Seok ,   Korean Academy of Leadership
Published: July 2024

Charles De Gaulle, is recognized as a great leader among many political leaders in the 20th century who exerted his influence internationally as a general of the World War II, as well as a post-war president. The purpose of the study is to analyze leadership in sensemaking actions. and‘leader’s power orientation’among CIP leadership theories.
As a result, De Gaulle can be classified as a socialized ideological leader. De Gaulle solved problem in a view of ‘Great France’ mostly based on tradition or values in the past, influenced in communications and political tactics and build interacted among leaders and followers in sensemaking actions. Although he was diagnosed as a pragmatic leader when he dealt with Algeria and as a charismatic leader when he was the commander of the 4th Armored division, no difference in success was found in overall sensemaking actions. Speaking of his orient as a leader, he was a ideological leader, fulfilling his duties with devotion to his homeland.
Though the study, an ideological leader or a charismatic leader can be effective in a political conflict, whereas a pragmatic leader can be effective in solving a constructive problem. Furthermore, De Gaulle’s sacrifice for his country was recognized in his public interest oriented actions in this study.
We hope that this study to raise concern among CIP researchers in the country, and to widen the horizon of the leadership research.
دراسة فقهية تحليلية :(NFT) الاستثمار في الرموز غير قابلة للاستبدال Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) Investment: A Juristic and Analytical Study
Authors: Izzati Fadzil Noor Fatini , Abdullahi Busari Saheed
Published: July 2024

Non-fungible tokens (NFT) are considered unique digital assets recorded on the blockchain whose ownership and authenticity cannot be duplicated, exchanged, or divided but can be transferred by the owner, allowing the selling and trading of NFT through the blockchain. This study addresses the issues relating to the extent of NFT compliance with Islamic law. It sheds light on the concept of symbols that are not replaceable and presents the opinions of contemporary jurists in dealings with NFT based on a juristic adaptation of these transactions.The study is qualitatively based and using an inductive approach to collect library information and analytical approach to clarify the issue and present the opinions of the jurists. The study found that investing in non-fungible tokens is legally permissible, but the principles of Shariah must be adhered to when dealing with them because they are among the things that were not prevented except by legal evidence. NFTs should be items of legal value that benefit people, and are free from illegal activities such as usury, fraud, and gambling. The study recommends an urgent need for Shariah scholars and technology experts to create an NFT platform that is compatible with Islamic Shariah, and allowing Muslims to participate in it.
Descentralização fiscal, ciclos políticos e impostos locais: uma análise do efeito das transferências incondicionais sobre a arrecadação dos municípios baianos
Authors: Machado Lopes Roberto Paulo , Portugal Vieira Olga Hianni
Published: July 2024

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar o efeito da descentralização fiscal baseada em transferências no desempenho dos municípios baianos na arrecadação dos impostos de sua competência. Para isto, procura relacionar os desníveis na arrecadação per capita entre os municípios (variável dependente) às transferências (lump sum e devolutivas) e à renda per capita municipal. Subsidiariamente, a pesquisa aborda o efeito das transferências na participação de cada imposto municipal no conjunto das receitas próprias dos municípios. A investigação tem por base de análise o referencial teórico sobre descentralização fiscal e a literatura relacionada à Teoria dos Ciclos Políticos. São estabelecidas hipóteses de que transferências lump sum estão fortemente correlacionadas com a desigualdade observada na arrecadação per capita dos municípios baianos e de que as transferências alteram a composição da base tributária própria. Para testar as hipóteses estima-se o modelo econométrico utilizando o método dos mínimos quadrados ordinários além de manipulações com estatísticas descritivas. A análise é de corte transversal e os dados são do ano de 2022. As principais conclusões apontam que a excessiva participação das transferências lump sum nas receitas dos municípios baianos abre espaço para um baixo esforço arrecadatório, permitindo aos prefeitos livrarem-se do ônus político da arrecadação para obtenção de vantagens eleitorais e aumento da probabilidade de reeleição.
Mechanical and durability performance of lightweight concrete (LWC) from colombian thermally expanded clay aggregates
Authors: Higuera-Flórez Camilo , Cárdenas-Pulido Jhon , Vargas-Aguilar Adriana
Published: July 2024

Lightweight concrete (LWC) has become an outstanding material in the construction sector to conform non-structural and structural members into buildings. Expanded clay aggregate is a special type of lightweight aggregate formed by heating clay with little lime content, having low unit weight, high durability, and mechanical strength. Despite the massive use of the expanded clay lightweight aggregate worldwide, their use in the Colombian context is still limited. This research reports the characterization of the behavior of lightweight concrete from Colombian expanded clay aggregates. Experimental tests on fresh and hardened state (compressive strength, apparent density, and chloride migration) were carried out on lightweight concrete added Colombian expanded clay aggregate. It was found that the inclusion of up to 50% of the Colombian expanded clay aggregate causes a 15% workability decrease, 36% compressive strength decrease, 22% apparent density decrease as well as 34% decrease in the chloride migration coefficient of the lightweight concrete. In the same way, the lightweight concrete added with 50% of Colombian expanded clay aggregate meets the lightweight concrete requirements prescribed by the ACI 318 building code in terms of compressive strength, and unit weight. From the results, it is concluded that the use of Colombian expanded clay aggregate added up to 50% by weight of conventional aggregate is feasible to manufacture structural lightweight concrete.
Modelos de predicción de las cargas térmicas en una cámara frigorífica de productos cárnicos
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Amaury , Benitez Cortés Isnel , Reina-Estrada Ornelio Lázaro , Hernández-Rojas Daynet , González-de-la-Cruz Raúl , Velazco-Rosell Osmani Alberto
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo se llevó a cabo en el Centro Industrial “2 de Diciembre”, ubicado en Camagüey, Cuba con el objetivo de obtener modelos matemáticos que caracterizan las cargas térmicas del túnel de congelación, en función de la temperatura de entrada y la cantidad de carne. Se observó que existe una relación directa entre la cantidad de carne a enfriar y la potencia demandada, que a medida que aumenta la temperatura de entrada de la carne la potencia demandada aumenta, siendo mayor este valor para la mayor cantidad de carne a almacenar, así como también que a medida que aumenta la temperatura de entrada de la carne congelada, el calor demandado disminuye. Los modelos matemáticos obtenidos son de gran importancia para la empresa ya que mediante ellos se puede predecir los consumos energéticos por concepto de enfriamiento y congelación de la carne, pronosticando así la influencia de los factores cantidad y temperatura de entrada de la carne en las necesidades energéticas de la empresa. Para la obtención de los resultados numéricos se utilizó el software NEVERA, mientras que para el procesamiento estadístico de los datos obtenidos se empleó el paquete estadístico Statgraphics® Plus versión 5.1.
Modelling, design, and construction of a wrist rehabilitation exoskeleton
Authors: Sarmiento Ramos José Luis , Anaya Rojas María Fernanda
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo presenta el modelado, diseño, construcción y control de un exoesqueleto de rehabilitación de flexión/extensión y abducción/aducción de la articulación de la muñeca. Los modelos dinámicos de los movimientos de la muñeca se obtienen utilizando la formulación de Euler-Lagrange y se construyen en Simulink de MATLAB junto con un control PID de lazo cerrado que representa el control neuromusculoesquelético natural humano. Se realizan simulaciones para estimar el torque articular requerido para producir los movimientos funcionales de la muñeca en un adulto colombiano promedio. El exoesqueleto está diseñado en el software CAD SolidWorks, construido mediante impresión 3D en ácido poliláctico (PLA), alimentado por dos servomotores a bordo y controlado por una placa Arduino UNO que establece comunicación con una aplicación móvil Android desarrollada en MIT App Inventor para ingresar los parámetros de la terapia de rehabilitación.
Manufacture and mechanical characterization of composite material of carbon fiber with matrix of PEEK
Authors: Caicedo-Zuñiga Joyner Esteban , Casanova-Garcia Gonzalo Fernando
Published: July 2024

In this study, a low-cost simple manufacturing process for a composite material of thermoplastic matrix PolyEtherEtherKetone (PEEK) and carbon fiber (CF) was developed. The composite material CF/PEEK was mechanically evaluated by three-point bending and tension tests, obtaining the elastic modulus and the maximum tensile stress respectively. Also, threads were made in the composite material and the strength of threads machined on the composite material was evaluated with tension tests. A comparison of the composite material CF/PEEK and the composite material of carbon fiber and epoxy resin (CF/EP) was performed, the elastic modules, peak tensile stresses and the strength of threads were compared. It was found that it was possible to produce the CF/PEEK composite at low cost by hot molding. The elastic modulus and tensile strength of the CF/PEEK were lower than those obtained in the CF/EP. However, the performance of the thread in tension was better for CF/PEEK compared to CF/EP.
Character association and path analysis of pooled data from multiple environments in cucumber
Authors: R Impa H , Mulge Ravindra , Evoor Shashikanth , Cholin sarvamangala , raut namita , Mesta Raghavendra , hadlageri ramanagouda , H YashvanthaKumar
Published: July 2024

Pooled data portrays wide range of environmental conditions by reducing
the effects of outliers. On that basis, character association and path
analysis were studied to assist the selection of traits in breeding
approach of Cucumis sativus L. Total of 52 genotypes were evaluated at
three locations during 2022 and 2023 at College of Horticulture,
Bagalkot, Karnataka, India in RCBD design. The correlation estimates
revealed that yield per hectare had significant positive correlation
with fruit yield per vine(0.99), fruit yield per plot(0.99), number of
fruits per vine(0.75) and vine length(0.38). Parameters like vine
length, number of branches per plant, days to first and last harvest,
sex ratio, fruit length and diameter, TSS, average fruit weight and
yield per plot showed direct positive effect on yield per hectare at
genotypic level. This suggested that selection criteria based on these
parameters may be effective to improve yield per hectare in cucumber.
Molecular changes in natural antifreeze phenomena and cryopreservation
Authors: Shi Lingyu , Zang Chuanbao , Liu Zhicheng , Zhao Gang
Published: July 2024

In nature, many organisms exhibit remarkable freezing tolerance and
employ rich and intriguing physiological strategies to adapt to
low-temperature environments. However, cryopreservation techniques face
challenges when it comes to freezing and thawing biological tissues and
cells, such as cryo-damage caused by crystallization and cell membrane
rupture due to osmotic imbalances. In recent years, there has been
growing interest in the molecular mechanisms underlying natural freezing
tolerance and artificial cryopreservation processes. This review delves
into the adaptive mechanisms observed in freeze-tolerant species and
hibernating animals, elucidating the significance of specific genes,
proteins, and metabolic pathways for survival. Furthermore, we discuss
advancements in cryopreservation technologies, highlighting their
impacts on cellular and tissue integrity, and analyzes the adaptive
regulation of processes like glucose metabolism, miRNA expression, and
cryoprotective protein modulation. Finally, future directions for
cryopreservation are proposed.
Enhanced Semantic Role Labeling in Chinese using Improved Biaffine Technology
Authors: Ma Ning , WANG Jiahao
Published: July 2024

Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) serves as the foundational and pivotal
technology for semantic analysis. However, methods relying on
pre-trained language models are constrained by issues such as semantic
ambiguity and training complexity. Addressing this concern, this paper
proposes a Chinese SRL approach that integrates pre-trained language
models with Biaffine technology, aiming to enhance the model’s
capability in processing semantic information from long sentences while
reducing training complexity. By incorporating pooling techniques and
part-of-speech features, the model exhibits significant improvements in
capturing semantic role boundary relationships. Experimental results
demonstrate that the RoBERTa-MPBF model employing maximum pooling
achieves an F1 score of 90.89% on the CPB dataset, outperforming models
solely based on conditional random fields. Moreover, the introduction of
part-of-speech tagging results in an average F1 score improvement of
approximately 1.5%. Despite the increased computational burden,
considering the performance enhancement, this additional time cost is
deemed acceptable. In convolutional kernel size testing, the model
maintains F1 scores between 88.6% and 88.8% when the kernel size is 2
or 3. However, as the kernel size increases to 4, the F1 score drops to
80.37%, and further increases to 5 result in an F1 score reduction to
69.51%.