bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Becoming the beheld: Iran’s media ecology and the question of superficial imitation
Authors: Moazami Morad
Published: August 2019

What exactly is this televisual cultural identity that seems to be emerging among Iran’s more cosmopolitan-minded youth – this culture founded on the emulation of Euro-American pop cultural values, this culture where what is seen on-screen is often taken for face value and translated accordingly into actual lifestyle choices of the viewing audience? In fact, beyond the media from which these performances are imitated, the phenomenon itself is not altogether new. From the late nineteenth century through to the twenty-first century, terms such as gharbzadegi (‘Occidentiotis’ or ‘Weststruckness’) and ‘cultural schizophrenia’ have encompassed the civilizational discourse with respect to Iran and its purported superficial imitation of the western world. This article wishes to expand on these inquiries by applying to them a distinctly media ecological lens. Borrowing from the theories of Marshall McLuhan and Walter Ong, this work summarily investigates the effects that media, including print, photography and radio have had on the Iranian milieu. This study hopes to introduce a new lens with which to study Iran’s media environment.
Digiphrenia and the divided technological self: A critical mapping of modern technological diachronic time
Authors: Garrett Erik
Published: August 2019

Douglas Rushkoff describes the condition of digiphrenia as a ‘digital order’ where technology splits us off from ourselves and requires us to simultaneously be in multiple places and times simultaneously. He focuses on the temporal trauma of the digital split. In this article, I argue digiphrenia creates a ‘divided self’ – in multiple places and yet nowhere. This digital split is a technological version of what R. D. Laing would refer to as a ‘schizoid world’.
The trauma of our symbolic birth: Reading R. D. Laing through Jane Ellen Harrison and media ecology
Authors: Crable Bryan
Published: August 2019

In this article, I offer a detailed examination of R. D. Laing’s oft-disparaged book, The Voice of Experience. Drawing on archival materials I highlight the debt this book from 1982 owes to Jane Ellen Harrison’s studies of Greek mythology and ritual. Although Laing missed the full import of Harrison’s work, I argue that the combination of Harrison and media ecology helps unlock the unrealized potential lurking within Laing’s book. By developing and correcting Harrison’s writings on language, I suggest that we can see a vital resonance between her studies of archaic Greek life and media ecology’s emphasis on the transformations in experience wrought by both symbolicity itself and alphabetic literacy. Bringing these lines of argument together, and connecting them to Laing’s notion of ‘mythologems’ allows us to generate unexpected insight – not into individual birth experience, but into our wrenching emergence into symbolicity, and, even more traumatically (in the West), into literacy.
O PAPEL DA REAÇÃO CATÓLICA NA FORMAÇÃO DA NAÇÃO NOS TEMPOS DE CAPANEMA (1934-1945)
Authors: Carminati Celso João , Silva Aldemir Barbosa da
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar os indícios do movimento Reação Católica na política educacional do Ministro Gustavo Capanema (1934-1945), após um reposicionamento dos intelectuais entre os órgãos católicos e aparatos estatais, em defesa da cultura católica na formação da nação. Na primeira parte, aborda os indícios da restauração em defesa da pedagogia católica; na segunda, fala sobre a representação de intelectuais católicos nos aparatos estatais, como as articulações no cenário nacional entre as instituições superiores católicas; e, por fim, na terceira parte, apresenta a influência do pensador francês Jacques Maritain entre as produções da revista católica A Ordem e a repercussão do humanismo integral e da democracia cristã em torno do engajamento da militância católica.
FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES: UMA ANÁLISE DISCRIMINANTE DOS CONCEITOS DE “EXPERIÊNCIAS” E “PRÁTICAS” DE LEITURA NO CONTEXTO DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Andrade Elisabete , Scalei Fabiana Cavalheiro
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo foi elaborado a partir de uma pesquisa sobre leitura na formação inicial de professores e suas implicações na Educação Básica. Trata-se de um recorte do estudo que teve como temática central “A leitura na formação inicial dos alunos do curso de Pedagogia e suas implicações no contexto da Educação Básica”. O texto aqui apresentado traz elementos da pesquisa dando enfoque aos aspectos da leitura e das práticas docentes realizadas na Educação Básica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, orientada por uma concepção reflexiva e interpretativa. E quanto à sua tipologia, constitui-se como empírica e documental, tendo como método a análise de conteúdo. O objetivo deste texto é destacar questões importantes sobre a leitura e as práticas docentes, procurando diferenciar os conceitos de “práticas de leitura” e “experiências de leitura”, a fim de compreender fatores que influenciam o processo de leitura no âmbito da escola.
CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA MÁXIMA PROTEÇÃO JURISDICIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE
Authors: De Paula Jônatas Luiz Moreira , Dias Bruno Smolarek
Published: August 2019

A preocupação com o fenômeno do aquecimento global impôs ao Poder Judiciário um árduo trabalho de efetivação de normas protetivas do meioambiente. Para tanto, urge a necessidade de constituir uma gama de regrasprocessuais que permitem atingir tal intento. O conjunto dessas regras processuais denomina-se Princípio da Máxima Proteção Jurisdicional do Meio Ambiente.
“UM MASSACRE SILENCIOSO QUE CONTINUA”: UM OLHAR CRIMINOLÓGICO SOBRE OS DANOS SOCIAIS CAUSADOS PELO AMIANTO
Authors: Budó Marília de Nardin
Published: August 2019

O Brasil foi, até novembro de 2017, o terceiro maior exportadore consumidor de amianto no mundo, apesar de a comprovação do carátercancerígeno da fibra ter pelo menos cinquenta anos. O banimento na Europa leva as empresas a funcionarem onde o lobby encontre Estados suscetíveis ao argumento econômico em detrimento da saúde pública. Neste trabalho, trago os resultados de uma pesquisa de campo sobre o processo de vitimização pelo amianto na cidade de Casale Monferrato, primeira a bani-lo na Itália. Considerando o caráter sui generis do caso, e com o objetivo de compreender a experiência da vitimização e a passagem do dano individual à luta coletiva, apresento a análise de uma das entrevistas em profundidade realizada na cidade, além de alguns dosresultados da observação participante. Inicialmente, apresento o marco teórico criminológico crítico, sob o enfoque dos crimes dos poderosos e do dano social, além de expor o histórico da Eternit de Casale Monferrato. Na segunda, exponho as reflexões metodológicas, além de analisar uma das entrevistas realizadas. As conclusões apontam para uma ponte epistemológica construída entre os níveis micro e macro de análise a partir do campo, demonstrando sua importância política na visibilização dos danos e da luta social contra o poderio de grandes corporações.
DIREITO E CASUÍSMO: O PROBLEMA DA IRRACIONALIDADE NAS DECISÕES JUDICIAIS
Authors: Peixoto Fabiano Hartmann
Published: August 2019

Convergir direito e justiça e aceitar que o que é injusto não é direitoimpõem uma reflexão sobre o problema do casuísmo. O casuísmo viola regras condizentes com a perspectiva de justiça dos julgamentos, contudo há uma linha tênue entre as perspectivas concretas e consequencialistas que, de alguma maneira, orientam a decisão e a impossibilidade de atendimento de regras básicas do discurso em sua perspectiva de universabilidade. Utilizandose o método dedutivo, o presente artigo buscará a compreensão, dentro do universo da argumentação jurídica, das relações entre o direito e o problemado casuísmo das decisões judiciais. Para atingir o objetivo citado, o presente trabalho abordará elementos teóricos apresentados por Manuel Atienza e Robert Alexy, que identificam o campo da argumentação jurídica e as possibilidades de contribuição dela com o direito em suas perspectivas formal e substancial.
DOS MODELOS AOS SISTEMAS: UMA ANÁLISE DA JUSTIÇA CONSTITUCIONAL COMPARADA DE LUCIO PEGORARO
Authors: Herani Renato Gugliano
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo oferece uma resenha crítico-informativa dolivro Giustizia Costituzionale Comparata: Dai modelli ai sistemi, escrito por Lucio Pegoraro. O livro propõe uma reclassificação dos sistemas de justiça constitucional espalhados pelo mundo, em substituição ao modo dicotômico de classificar esta instituição.
¿Por qué se identifican tan pocas víctimas de trata de seres humanos?
Authors: Meneses Falcón Carmen
Published: August 2019

En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre el número de víctimas de trata de seres humanos identificado en España en los últimos años. 2.209 víctimas con fines de explotación sexual y 439 con finalidad de explotación laboral han sido identificadas entre los años 2014 y 2017. Se trata de cifras reducidas si se contrasta con las informaciones de liberación de víctimas que ofrecen los medios de comunicación social. Los datos de organismos internacionales sitúan a la trata con fines de explotación laboral superior en volumen a la sexual y se cuestiona las bajas cifras obtenidas y los posibles obstáculos que pueden estar implicados. Se profundiza sobre las dificultades de detección e identificación de las víctimas de trata de seres humanos, encontrando factores relacionados con la situación personal de las víctimas, aspectos que los profesionales y las instituciones deben mejorar para avanzar y la necesidad de clarificar realidades sociales diferentes que se conceptualizan como similares.
La trata de seres humanos con fines de explotación laboral en la legislación española
Authors: López Rodríguez Josune , Arrieta Idiakez Francisco Javier
Published: August 2019

La trata de seres humanos con fines de explotación laboral aparece como un fenómeno impreciso e indeterminado en la legislación penal española que, tomando como referencia los instrumentos jurídicos internacionales y regionales por excelencia, se limita a mencionar un conjunto de términos con connotaciones laborales, pero sin definir su significado. Partiendo de estos antecedentes, el presente artículo tiene por objeto dotar de contenido a la expresión “explotación laboral” en el contexto de la trata de seres humanos, teniendo como base la legislación española.
Entendiendo la trata nigeriana: análisis del delito desde un enfoque de diversidad cultural
Authors: Jorge Barbuzano Esperanza , Antolínez Domínguez Inmaculada , García Sedano Tania
Published: August 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es poner en diálogo los elementos del delito de la trata y aquellos aspectos del contexto sociocultural referenciados por las mujeres con las que se ha trabajado. Se ha elegido el contexto nigeriano por ser una de las nacionalidades predominantes de víctimas y tratantes en España y por constituir un problema casi endémico en ese país.Este artículo pretende ser una llave que coadyuve a entender a las víctimas y sus condicionantes culturales.
El uso de la fuerza contra actores no estatales. Una crítica a la teoría "unwilling or unable" desde el Derecho Internacional vigente
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Jorge
Published: August 2019

La aparición de nuevas formas de terrorismo internacional ha traído consigo la necesidad de repensar el sistema de seguridad colectiva. La gravedad de los ataques perpetrados por actores no estatales ha propiciado que los Estados víctimas de estos ejerzan la fuerza contra ellos, en aplicación de la teoría, así conocida, unwilling or unable. Esta teoría implica un replanteamiento de ciertas estructuras jurídicas ya consolidadas en el ordenamiento jurídico internacional, tales como el derecho de legítima defensa o la atribución del comportamiento de particulares a Estados. Este artículo pretende analizar el porqué de la aparición de esta teoría, así como de los debates que la misma ha abierto entre la doctrina internacionalista.
Ethnography in a Shell Game: Turtles All the Way Down in Abidjan
Authors: Newell Sasha
Published: August 2019

This essay considers ethnography in a social world rife with quotidian duplicity, where the pretense of ongoing sociality must continue even when betrayers have been unmasked and deceptions unraveled. The article follows my unintentional entanglement in a series of confidence schemes in Abidjan to explore the ways in which such scams develop their own agentive force beyond the control of their participants. Driven by the performative efficacy of its own narrative and role-play structure, the frame of duplicity sometimes exceeds the control of its authors. My own participation involved a spectrum of roles progressing from 1) innocent passerby, 2) an unwitting set piece meant to convey legitimacy, 3) an ethically compromised ethnographer, and 4) the target of the scam, all the way through to 5) an active participant in deception—with several of the roles converging at times. Ethnography inside a scam allows for reflection into the role of deception in everyday social interaction, as well as within the engagements of fieldwork itself.

Résumé

Cet essai considère les enjeux d’ethnographie dans un monde social truffé de duplicité quotidienne, où la performance des relations sociales doit continuer même lorsque les menteurs ont été démasquées et les tromperies révélées au grand jour. Mon article revient sur mon engagement involontaire dans une succession d’arnaques à Abidjan afin d’explorer les manières dont de telles escroqueries développent leur selon les logiques qui leur sont propres, échappent parfois même au contrôle de ceux qui les ont mises en place. Ma propre position a impliqué un éventail de rôles qui m’ont fait passer de 1) un témoin accidentel, 2) la pièce innocente d’un mécanisme destiné à inspirer confiance, puis à 3) un ethnographe compromis sur le plan éthique, et à 4) la cible de l’arnaque et 5) un participant actif à l’affaire. Ces différents rôles se sont parfois entremêlés. Faire de l’ethnographie de l’intérieur d’une telle arnaque permet de réfléchir au rôle de la duplicité dans les interactions quotidiennes, comme dans le travail de terrain.
Care and Conveyance: Buying Baladi Bread in Cairo
Authors: Barnes Jessica , Taher Mariam
Published: August 2019

The Egyptian government has long subsidized bread as part of its program of social support. Most Egyptians eat this subsidized bread, known as baladi bread, daily. We examine everyday practices of handling baladi bread as casual care. Scholarship on care has drawn attention to the multiple ways in which care can be practiced around a range of human and nonhuman others. Casual care signals a mode of practice that constitutes care but that is not necessarily performed by its practitioners as such. It is intentional but also habitual, deliberate but also perfunctory. We look at people’s casual care for baladi bread during the understudied phase of conveyance, between the moment of purchase and arrival at home. Practices of handling and selecting bread help produce the quality of the baladi bread that people are eating. While past bread riots have underscored the political salience of this bread, casual care elucidates what goes on between these moments of crisis, revealing the role of people’s day-to-day actions in producing a general level of satisfaction with subsidized bread. This analysis draws theoretical attention to how care is practiced, opening up space for thinking about kinds of care that are not all that careful in their enactment.
THE LIQUIDATOR LIABILITY IN THE PROCESS OF CORPORATE LIQUIDATION
Authors: Nurudin Agus
Published: August 2019

Provisions of Article 149 paragraph (1) of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Company/Limited Liability Company do not mention the authority to verify bill of creditors and the authority to sell property assets. In practice, the liquidator often acts as the seller of the company’s assets. This was doneto fill the legal vacuumfor the smooth liability of the liquidator. Therefore, the problem is how are the provisions of the legislation to the obligations of the liquidator in the process of liquidation of the limited liability company? The study approach method used is a description of juridical ciritical analysis. The urgency of writing this article is so that the liquidator is authorized to verify creditor bills and authority and sell assest. The result of a descriptive study of critical analysis are normal obligations of the liquidator to do the liquidation of the company’sassest other than those stipulated in article 149 paragraph (1) namely the authority to verify the creditor’s bill as well as the authority to sell Limited Liability Company assets.
REGULATIONS FOR E-COMMERCE AGREEMENT ACCORDING TO ICT ACT AND TITLE III OF INDONESIAN CIVIL CODE
Authors: Priyono Ery Agus , Budiharto Budiharto , Wulandari Asri Hayyunniarizka
Published: August 2019

As a fruit of technological telecommunication prowess that is the internet, e-commerce has unveil the barrier that obstructs economic growth due to the unnecessarily complicated conventional procedures of bureaucracy. Technological deveopment in telecommunication has a great contribution to the economic growth for which we should be thankful. Yet at the same time, it needs to be regulated in order to construct a condusive and viable climates for economic growth. This article intends to disclose the availability of regulations that can ensure the safety and stability of the economy and keep the investors, consumers and entrepreneurs in accordance with the Title III of Indonesian Civil Code. The research method of this paper is normative approach that is based on secondary data. The outcome of the research is we found out that e-commerce practices shall be subjected under paragraphs 1320, 1321, 1337, 1338 and 1339 of Indonesian Civil Code.
Nick-named laser radars
Authors: Molebny Vasyl
Published: August 2019

In this article the laser-based technologies for remote sensing that use laser radar principles, but still known under other names like photonics radar, optical coherence tomography, aberrometry, etc., are reviewed A look into some examples of a variety of such nick-named instruments and technologies is proposed assessing the arguments of them, being the members of the laser radar family.
Oligarchy and the Tripartite Soul in Plato’s Republic
Authors: Jorgenson Chad
Published: August 2019

InRepublicVIII, oligarchy is represented as a transitional or hybrid regime combining features of aristocracy and timocracy with the rule of appetitive desire characteristic of democracy and tyranny. The apparently anomalous intermediary position of oligarchy, in which an object of appetitive soul provides the foundation for interpersonal and political norms, demonstrates the complexity of the interaction between ruling soul parts and underlying rational structures that give unity to each constitution and character type. This interaction cannot be adequately accounted for in terms of the activity of autonomous soul parts whose interactions are wholly reduced to quantitative relations of force.
The Physics of Stoic Cosmogony
Authors: Hensley Ian
Published: August 2019

According to the ancient Greek Stoics, the cosmos regularly transitions between periods of conflagration, during which only fire exists, and periods of cosmic order, during which the four elements exist. This paper examines the cosmogonic process by which conflagrations are extinguished and cosmic orders are restored, and it defends three main conclusions. First, I argue that not all the conflagration’s fire is extinguished during the cosmogony, against recent arguments by Ricardo Salles. Second, at least with respect to the cosmogony, it is not necessary to posit the existence of proto-elements. Third, while scholars such as Salles and David Hahm have argued that Cleanthes held a distinct theory of cosmogony from Zeno and Chrysippus, I argue that each of these Stoics endorse the same cosmogonic theory.
in dreyen buͤchern / mit ſchoͤnen Regeln vn̄ fragſtucken begriffen
Authors: Götz Ursula , Neumann Marko , Gessing Anne
Published: August 2019

Taking two examples as a starting point, the article explores and discusses major syntactic features of 16th- and 17th-century title pages. Their characteristics include a strong preference for nominal constructions and a high degree of ambiguity reflected in unclear syntactic relations and different possible classifications of the same syntactic units. In a subsequent evaluation of a corpus of 600 examples, it is shown that all title pages by and large use the same syntactic strategies regardless of the regional varieties and text types investigated. Nevertheless, the specific syntactic uses reveal the given communicative requirements of early modern title pages.
Albrecht DürersVenexian
Authors: Ashcroft Jeffrey
Published: August 2019

Albrecht Dürer’s use of ›Italian‹ words in his letters from Venice to Willibald Pirckheimer has commonly been dismissed as a curiosity of little consequence – half-understood mangling of a language of which Dürer had only the crudest grasp. This article brings the first systematic analysis of the entire corpus of such material in Dürer’s writings. It shows that his ›Italian‹ lexis is consistently drawn fromVenexian, the early modern regional koiné of Venice. Its accurately registered, heard forms Dürer transcribes into the orthography of Nuremberg’s written German dialect. Apart from loan words and idioms, the corpus includes loan coinages. For these Dürer draws on terms and concepts fromVenexianto devise or refunction German vocabulary which is highly significant in the evolution of his language of art theory and practice.
Die artistische Überbietung einer brinnenden liebe
Authors: Bloh Ute von
Published: August 2019

Isolated, yet at the same time, in an environment that is hostile to them, the four characters Jörg Wickram imagines in his novel ›Gabriotto und Reinhart‹ are alone together, as the two doomed couples are all also bound to each other in friendship. The construction of paradoxes, calculated primarily for effect, appears to be one of the novels controlled narrative devices. Much like the narratological strategies of intensification, exaggeration and repetition, they are controlled artifices designed for impact, and well-thought-out gambits on the part of the author which he uses, above all, to continue and intensify the tradition of medieval storytelling, and less frequently to counterpose an alternative understanding. Time and again the author makes use of the potential of widespread literary concepts to demonstrate that the love described in the novel is unparalleled.
Temporal succession of community structure and biphase ratio in a natural population of Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta) attached to Pyropia rafts in the Yellow Sea, China
Authors: Du Yu , Ao Yuan , He Yuan , Yin Yi , Ma Yafeng , Yuan Anxiang , Shen Songdong
Published: August 2019

Green tide algal blooms occur worldwide, especially in China’s Yellow Sea, and have caused serious damage to local ecological environments and economies. As a dominant agent of green tides, the green macroalga Ulva has caused widespread concern. In this study, phylogenetic clades were constructed among related Ulva species isolated from Pyropia rafts at six sites over 1.5 years based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and tufA sequences. In addition, traditional observation ploidy methods and flow cytometry methods were used to analyse continuous change in the biphase and sex ratios of Ulva species and to assess the changes in phase advantages over time. The results showed that the perennial Ulva populations on rafts mainly consisted of Ulva flexuosa and Ulva prolifera, and the biphasic dominance of the attached Ulva populations changed with the seasons: sporophytes were predominant mainly in winter and spring, and gametophytes were predominant mainly in summer and autumn. At the same time, there were some differences in gametophyte and sporophyte frequencies (mainly sporophyte biased) compared to the null model prediction of a √2:1 ratio, while the sex ratio of male and female gametophytes remained 1:1 throughout the year. Our results indicate the presence of both phases of bloom-forming species of Ulva in green tides year round, and that multiple generations coexist and grow continuously.
The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures
Authors: Matuszek Dominika Barbara
Published: August 2019

This paper presents the results of fluorescence-based analysis of homogeneity of five multicomponent granular mixtures. Analyses were performed using solutions of selected substances capable of emitting light following UV irradiation, namely Tinopal 0.03% and Rhodamine B 0.01%. Mixtures were spiked with the key component consisting of maize grains coated with the fluorescent solution. The tracer content was determined on the basis of computer image analysis, and the results were compared to those obtained using the traditional weighing method. On this basis, the proposed method was verified and assessed for applicability in estimating the homogeneity of mixtures comprised of 8, 10, 11, 14, and 20 components. The results suggest that both Tinopal and Rhodamine B may be used to estimate the tracer content in the tested mixtures.
Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid
Authors: Erkoç Tuğba , Sevgili Lutfullah M. , Çavuş Selva
Published: August 2019

The liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for a ternary system {methyl eugenol + linalool +1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [EMIM][HSO4]} (Meu-Lin-IL) were measured at 298.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The Othmer–Tobias correlation was used to verify the reliability of the experimental tie-line data. The solubility curves were obtained using the cloud point titration indicating the liquid-liquid equilibrium of the ternary system was in Type II class where two immiscible curve pairs were attained. Distribution coefficients, separation factors and selectivity were calculated for the immiscibility regions. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data. Characterization studies were performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) techniques.
Dynamic moisture sorption and dimensional stability of furfurylated wood with low lignin content
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Ma Erni , Cao Jinzhen
Published: August 2019

Degradation of lignin occurs naturally in wood due to the influence of microorganisms or photic radiation. To improve the properties of wood with low lignin content, furfuryl alcohol (FA) at the concentration of 25% was used to modify poplar wood (Populus euramericana Cv.) after partial delignification. Moisture sorption and dimensional stability of the samples were investigated under dynamic conditions where the relative humidity (RH) was changed sinusoidally between 45% and 75% at 25°C. Both the moisture content (MC) and the tangential dimensional change varied with a sinusoidal shape similar to the RH. Hygroscopicity and hygroexpansion increased after delignification, while furfurylation led to an inverse impact by reducing MC, dimensional changes, amplitudes of MC and dimensional changes, moisture sorption coefficient (MSC), and humidity expansion coefficient (HEC). After delignification and further furfurylation, the MC and the dimensional changes were reduced by about 20%, and the maximum drop in amplitudes of MC and dimensional changes was about 30%, while the MSC and the HEC decreased by over 15%. In addition, the furfurylated wood with low lignin content exhibited lower sorption hysteresis and swelling hysteresis.
God’s Law and Theocracy: The Use of »YHWH’s Torah« in Chronicles
Authors: Jiang Shuai
Published: August 2019

The present paper inquires into why Chronicles persists in using the construct phrase »YHWH’s Torah« rather than »Moses’ Torah«. It posits that the prevalence of »YHWH’s Torah« in Chronicles is due to the particular theocratic understanding of the law. A comparison with the texts in Samuel-Kings further demonstrates that Chronicles purposefully distances itself from the construct phrase »Moses’ Torah« in favor of »YHWH’s Torah«, emphasizing the essential connection between God’s law and God’s kingship.
Theologie und Eschatologie – Gedanken zum Werk von Otto Kaiser in seinen forschungsgeschichtlichen Kontexten
Authors: Witte Markus
Published: August 2019

Der Aufsatz bietet eine wissenschaftsbiographische Gesamtinterpretation von Otto Kaisers Schriften zum Alten Testament. Als ein roter Faden seines exegetischen Werks erweist sich das Thema Zeit in ihren unterschiedlichen Dimensionen und Relationen von Urzeit und Endzeit, Geschichte und Gegenwart, Endlichkeit und Ewigkeit.
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting using Adapted Silicon Based Multi-Junction Solar Cell Structures: Development of Solar Cells and Catalysts, Upscaling of Combined Photovoltaic-Electrochemical Devices and Performance Stability
Authors: Finger Friedhelm , Welter Katharina , Urbain Félix , Smirnov Vladimir , Kaiser Bernhard , Jaegermann Wolfram
Published: August 2019

Thin film silicon based multi-junction solar cells were developed for application in combined photovoltaic electrochemical systems for hydrogen production from water splitting. Going from single, tandem, triple up to quadruple junctions, we cover a range of open circuit voltages from 0.5 V to 2.8 V at photovoltaic cell (PV) efficiencies above 13%. The solar cells were combined with electrochemical (EC) cells in integrated devices from 0.5 cm2 to 64 cm2. Various combinations of catalyst pairs for the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reaction side (OER and HER) were investigated with respect to electrochemical activity, stability, cost and – important for the integrated device – optical quality of the metal catalyst on the HER side as back reflector of the attached solar cell. The combined PV-EC systems were further investigated under varied operation temperatures and illumination conditions for estimation of outdoor performance and annual fuel production yield. For 0.5 cm2 size combined systems a maximum solar-to-hydrogen efficiency ηSTH = 9.5% was achieved under standard test conditions. For device upscaling to 64 cm2 various concepts of contact interconnects for reduced current and fill factor loss when using large size solar cells were investigated. To replace high performance noble metal based catalyst pairs (Pt/RuO2 or Pt/IrOx), more abundant and cheaper NiMo (HER) and NiFeOx (OER) compounds were prepared via electrodeposition. With the NiMo/NiFeOx catalyst pair we obtained ηSTH = 5.1% for a 64 cm2 size solar cell which was even better than the performance of the Pt/IrO2 system (ηSTH = 4.8%). In simulated day-night cycle operation the NiMo/NiFeOx catalyst pair showed excellent stability over several days. The experimental studies were successfully accompanied by simulation of the entire PV-EC device using a series connection model which allowed studies and pre-estimations of device performance by varying individual components such as catalysts, electrolytes, or solar cells. Based on these results we discuss the prospects and challenges of integrated PV-EC devices on large area for hydrogen and solar fuel production in general.
Static Stretch Performed After Strength Training Session Induces Hypotensive Response in Trained Men
Authors: Sousa Antônio C. , Gomes Thiago M. , Sousa Moisés S. , Saraiva Alam R. , Araujo Gleisson S. , Figueiredo Tiago , Novaes Jefferson S.
Published: August 2019

Sousa, AC, Gomes, TM, Sousa, MS, Saraiva, AR, Araujo, GS, Figueiredo, T, and Novaes, JS. Static stretch performed after strength training session induces hypotensive response in trained men. J Strength Cond Res 33(11): 2981–2990, 2019—The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effect of 3 different combinations between passive static stretching exercises (SE) with resistance training (RT) on blood pressure (BP) response in normotensive trained men. Twenty-six volunteer subjects (age: 26.1 ± 5.4 years; body mass: 86.5 ± 10.5 kg; height: 1.78 ± 0.6 cm) participated in this study. After assessing 10 repetition maximum loads for the bench press, lat pulldown, shoulder press, leg press, leg extension, and leg curl, the subjects were randomly assigned on 3 experimental conditions: (a) static SE were performed before the RT session (SE + RT); (b) static SE were performed after the RT session (RT + SE); and (c) static SE were performed between the RT session (RTSE). The BP was measured for 60 minutes after the RT session. The 2-way analysis of variance for repeated measures showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the experimental conditions. In within comparisons, only the RT + SE experimental condition did not cause significant increases (p = 0.07) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) when compared the baseline and post-test moments (132.2 ± 10.7 vs. 141.3 ± 18.1 mm Hg). In addition, hypotensive effects were found in SBP only in the RT + SE experimental condition when compared SBP baseline (132.2 ± 10.7 mm Hg) vs. SBP30 minutes (121.7 ± 11.8 mm Hg; p = 0.04), SBP45 minutes (120.6 ± 9.8 mm Hg; p = 0.03), and SBP60 minutes (120.0 ± 7.9 mm Hg; p = 0.00). These findings suggest that performing static SE after the RT session provide an ideal combination for a postexercise hypotensive response from 30 minutes after exercise (and this change was enhanced up to 60 minutes). In conclusion, strength and conditioning professionals can prescribe static SE after RT if the goal is to reduce blood pressure after training.
Comparisons of Mood States Associated With Outcomes Achieved by Female and Male Athletes in High-Level Judo and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championships: Psychological Factors Associated With the Probability of Success
Authors: Brandt Ricardo , Bevilacqua Guilherme G. , Crocetta Tânia B. , Monteiro Carlos B.d.M. , Guarnieri Regiani , Hobold Edilson , Flores Lucinar J.F. , Miarka Bianca , Andrade Alexandro
Published: August 2019

Brandt, R, Bevilacqua, GG, Crocetta, TB, Monteiro, CBdM, Guarnieri, R, Hobold, E, Flores, LJF, Miarka, B, and Andrade, A. Comparisons of mood states associated with outcomes achieved by female and male athletes in high-level judo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu championships: psychological factors associated with the probability of success. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2518–2524, 2019—Moods can be used to predict the performance of athletes in various sports; accordingly, we selected the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) to evaluate mood states of high-level judo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ) athletes. The aims of this study were (a) to compare the mood states of high-level female and male athletes in BJJ and judo championships in relation to their performance outcomes and (b) to verify associations between psychological factors and performance in estimating their probability of success. The subjects were 173 grappling athletes (judo, n = 85 and BJJ, n = 88), separated into male (n = 129, 40 winners and 89 nonwinners) and female (n = 44, 23 winners and 21 nonwinners) groups. Each subject's mood state was assessed 60 minutes before the first match using the BRUMS (tension, depression, anger, vigor, fatigue, and mental confusion dimensions). Descriptive and inferential statistics (including logistic regression and variance analysis) were used to evaluate relations between mood states and performance (i.e., winning/losing), with p ≤ 0.05. Analysis showed significant differences between male and female athletes in vigor and fatigue, and differences between male judo and male BJJ athletes in tension, vigor, confusion, and fatigue. Female judo and female BJJ athletes showed significant differences in depression and vigor. Logistic regression revealed that higher levels of anger and tension increased athletes' chances of performing well in a match by 23 and 13%, respectively. In addition, lower levels of depression increased athletes' chances of better performance by up to 32%. Overall, we observed a significant relationship between mood state and sports performance. Thus, coaching staff and athletes should monitor athletes' mood states before competitions to ensure that they are in optimal condition to perform and use psychological interventions to support judo and BJJ preparation.
Uma comunidade infraleve – João Barrento, Maria Filomena Molder e Raúl Antelo: leitores de Walter Benjamin
Authors: De Lima Manoel Ricardo
Published: August 2019

O texto é uma pequena apresentação de leitura crítica e procedimento dos modos de uso e incorporação de certas questões dispostas e reposicionadas entre as ideias de arquifilologia, geografia imaterial e memórias inaparentes em três leitores de Walter Benjamin que modulam-lhe o pensamento numa seriação imprevista compondo assim uma comunidade infraleve: João Barrento, Maria Filomena Molder e Raúl Antelo.
História, História da literatura, História da tradução: a tarefa-renúncia
Authors: Lucena Karina De Castilhos
Published: August 2019

Este texto propõe entender a noção tarefa-renúncia (Aufgabe), de Walter Benjamin, como um procedimento orientador para a escrita de histórias. Encontramos em textos de Benjamin orientações sobre a tarefa do historiador, do historiador literário, do crítico e do tradutor. A proposta aqui é utilizar as premissas benjaminianas sobre a escrita da história e da história literária para pensar a história da tradução. Para ilustrar o argumento, apresentamos dois exemplos de histórias da tradução que poderiam ser compreendidas a partir do modelo benjaminiano exposto aqui: La Constelación del Sur: traductores y traducciones en la literatura argentina del siglo XX, de Patricia Willson (2004) e Borges y la traducción: la irreverencia de la periferia, de Sergio Waisman (2005).
Environmental factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of spring algal blooms in and beneath sea ice in western Baffin Bay
Authors: Oziel L. , Massicotte P. , Randelhoff A. , Ferland J. , Vladoiu A. , Lacour L. , Galindo V. , Lambert-Girard S. , Dumont D. , Cuypers Y. , Bouruet-Aubertot P. , Mundy C.-J. , Ehn J. , Bécu G. , Marec C. , Forget M.-H. , Garcia N. , Coupel P. , Raimbault P. , Houssais M.-N. , Babin M.
Published: August 2019

Arctic sea ice is experiencing a shorter growth season and an earlier ice melt onset. The significance of spring microalgal blooms taking place prior to sea ice breakup is the subject of ongoing scientific debate. During the Green Edge project, unique time-series data were collected during two field campaigns held in spring 2015 and 2016, which documented for the first time the concomitant temporal evolution of the sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms in and beneath the landfast sea ice in western Baffin Bay. Sea ice algal and phytoplankton blooms were negatively correlated and respectively reached 26 (6) and 152 (182) mg of chlorophyll a per m2 in 2015 (2016). Here, we describe and compare the seasonal evolutions of a wide variety of physical forcings, particularly key components of the atmosphere–snow–ice–ocean system, that influenced microalgal growth during both years. Ice algal growth was observed under low-light conditions before the snow melt period and was much higher in 2015 due to less snowfall. By increasing light availability and water column stratification, the snow melt onset marked the initiation of the phytoplankton bloom and, concomitantly, the termination of the ice algal bloom. This study therefore underlines the major role of snow on the seasonal dynamics of microalgae in western Baffin Bay. The under-ice water column was dominated by Arctic Waters. Just before the sea ice broke up, phytoplankton had consumed most of the nutrients in the surface layer. A subsurface chlorophyll maximum appeared and deepened, favored by spring tide-induced mixing, reaching the best compromise between light and nutrient availability. This deepening evidenced the importance of upper ocean tidal dynamics for shaping vertical development of the under-ice phytoplankton bloom, a major biological event along the western coast of Baffin Bay, which reached similar magnitude to the offshore ice-edge bloom.
Paul Rudolph and the Psychology of Space:
Authors: Britton Karla Cavarra , Ledford Daniel
Published: August 2019

The chapels at Tuskegee University and Emory University are among the most inventive—and least known—works of the American modernist architect Paul Rudolph (1918–97). In Paul Rudolph and the Psychology of Space: The Tuskegee and Emory University Chapels, Karla Cavarra Britton and Daniel Ledford analyze these buildings as significant exemplars of the postwar American university chapel, finding them subject to three seminal influences in Rudolph's life: his childhood experience of Southern Methodism, his encounters with the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright, and his admiration for Le Corbusier's religious works. The chapels evoke powerful aesthetic and emotive experiences in their audiences, reflecting Rudolph's ambition that architecture should be grounded in a “psychology of space.” The Tuskegee Chapel, designed at the apex of Rudolph's career (1960–69), engages the university's African American musical and educational legacy. The Cannon Chapel at Emory, meanwhile, built late in Rudolph's professional life (1975–81) as a multiuse space for the university's school of theology, exhibits a contrasting pattern of complexity and intransigence.
Effect of exercise and butyrate supplementation on microbiota composition and lipid metabolism
Authors: Yu Chunxia , Liu Sujuan , Chen Liqin , Shen Jun , Niu Yanmei , Wang Tianyi , Zhang Wanqi , Fu Li
Published: August 2019

The composition and activity of the gut microbiota depend on the host genome, nutrition, and lifestyle. Exercise and sodium butyrate (NaB) exert metabolic benefits in both mice and humans. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the effect of exercise training and dietary supplementation of butyrate on the composition of gut microbiota and whether the altered gut microbiota can stimulate differential production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which promote the expression of SESN2 and CRTC2 to improve metabolic health and protect against obesity. C57BL/6J mice were used to study the effect of exercise and high-fat diet (HFD) with or without NaB on gut microbiota. Bacterial communities were assayed in fecal samples using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Western blot was performed using relevant antibodies to detect the protein expressions in liver and HepG2 cell extracts. Exercise and butyrate administration significantly reversed metabolic dysfunctions induced by HFD (P < 0.05). The number of Firmicutes and the proportion of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes order were predominant in all HFD groups (P = 0.001). Exercise and butyrate supplementation significantly inhibited the relative abundance of lipopolysaccharide-producing phyla (P = 0.001). SESN2 and CRTC2 expression in the liver of mice were significantly increased after exercise (P < 0.05) and/or supplementation of butyrate (P < 0.05). Exercise enhances butyrate-producing fecal bacteria and increases butyrate production and consequently improves lipid metabolism through the butyrate-SESN2/CRTC2 pathway. Excess butyrate may reduce the proportion of probiotics and reverse the metabolic effects.
Characterization of murine amniotic fluid B cells in normal pregnancy and in preterm birth
Authors: Bommer Imke , Juriol Lorena , Muzzio Damián , Valeff Natalin , Ehrhardt Jens , Matzner Franziska , Ziegler Katharina , Malinowsky Kristin , Ventimiglia María Silvia , Zygmunt Marek , Jensen Federico
Published: August 2019

The amniotic fluid provides mechanical protection and immune defense against pathogens to the fetus. Indeed, components of the innate and adaptive immunity, including B cells, have been described in the amniotic fluid. However, limited information concerning phenotype and functionality of amniotic fluid B cells is available. Hence, we aimed to perform a full phenotypical and functional characterization of amniotic fluid B cells in normal pregnancy and in a mouse model of preterm birth. Phenotypic analysis depicted the presence of two populations of amniotic fluid B cells: an immature population, resembling B1 progenitor cells and a more mature population. Further isolation and in vitro co-culture with a bone marrow stroma cell line demonstrated the capacity of the immature B cells to mature. This was further supported by spontaneous production of IgM, a feature of the B1 B cell sub-population. An additional in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide induced the activation of amniotic fluid B cells as well as the production of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, amniotic fluid B cells were expanded in the acute phase of LPS-induced preterm birth. Overall our data add new insight not only on the phenotype and developmental stage of the amniotic fluid B1 B cells but especially on their functionality. This provides important information for a better understanding of their role within the amniotic fluid as immunological protective barrier, especially with regard to intraamniotic infection and preterm birth.
Mutations in the PCNA DNA Polymerase Clamp ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeReveal Complexities of the Cell Cycle and Ploidy on Heterochromatin Assembly
Authors: Brothers Molly , Rine Jasper
Published: August 2019

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is a DNA polymerase clamp conserved in all eukaryotes that coordinates many activities at the replication fork and at sites of DNA damage. Alleles of PCNA, encoded by POL30 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, disrupt transcriptional...

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transcriptional silencing at HML and HMR maintains mating-type identity. The repressive chromatin structure at these loci is replicated every cell cycle and must be re-established quickly to prevent transcription of the genes at these loci. Mutations in a component of the replisome, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), encoded by POL30, cause a loss of transcriptional silencing at HMR. We used an assay that captures transient losses of silencing at HML and HMR to perform extended genetic analyses of the pol30-6, pol30-8, and pol30-79 alleles. All three alleles destabilized silencing only transiently and only in cycling cells. Whereas pol30-8 caused loss of silencing by disrupting the function of Chromatin Assembly Factor 1, pol30-6 and pol30-79 acted through a separate genetic pathway, but one still dependent on histone chaperones. Surprisingly, the silencing-loss phenotypes of pol30-6 and pol30-79 depended on ploidy, but not on POL30 dosage or mating-type identity. Separately from silencing loss, the pol30-6 and pol30-79 alleles also displayed high levels of mitotic recombination in diploids. These results established that histone trafficking involving PCNA at replication forks is crucial to the maintenance of chromatin state and genome stability during DNA replication. They also raised the possibility that increased ploidy may protect chromatin states when the replisome is perturbed.
Interview with Kevin Brownlow on the Making of Winstanley
Authors: Tracy Tony
Published: August 2019

KEVIN BROWNLOW is best known, and perhaps most celebrated for, his pioneering contribution as historian and champion of silent cinema. His expansive books on the period - The Parade's Gone By (1968) and the later Behind the Mask of Innocence (1990) offered unprecedented overviews of key figures and themes from an era that was all but forgotten at their time of publication, and established a field of academic enquiry that has blossomed in film studies' 'historical turn' of recent years. He is also known as the most passionate and thorough documentary chronicler of the silent era and its personalities in the many films he made over the course of thirty years and particularly in two landmark, and sadly unavailable, TV series: Hollywood - a thirteen part history produced in 1979 and Cinema Europe: the Other Hollywood (1995). Given his passion for cinema from an early age it was perhaps...