bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrophoretic calcium phosphate mineralization of collagen hydrogels
Authors: Johnson Jack R. , Meng Linghui , Wnek Gary E. , Schiraldi David A.
Published: November 2015

Natural human bone is a very complex hierarchical material composed of hydroxyapatite and collagen fibrils. For bone substitute materials, one needs high-porosity and bio-friendly materials to encourage the living tissue to repair itself and supply mechanical reinforcement of the area. In this study, collagen hydrogels were formed and subjected to electrophoretic mineralization procedures that force the calcium and phosphate ions into the material very quickly. Within 1 h, a large amount of calcium phosphate was formed within the hydrogel, and an alternating soaking procedure was employed to further mineralization of the ‘seeded’ hydrogel. Freeze-drying these materials after mineralization provided a very porous network of mineralized collagen, similar to what can be found in natural bone and representing a step toward bone replacement materials. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction confirmed this mineral growth and indicate that hydroxyapatite is being formed within the hydrogel.
Surveying customer perceptions of road infrastructure comfort
Authors: Blom Carron M. , Guthrie Peter M.
Published: November 2015

This paper continues an exploration of the relationship between strategic performance setting and operational measures in infrastructure management. The overarching study considers the use of road smoothness within the New Zealand context and its relationship to the strategic objective of improving customer comfort. The paper highlights the complexity of comfort when viewed from the customer’s perspective, and the importance of customer engagement in informing technical decisions. In addition, the study has wider infrastructure management implications and highlights a broader issue with the alignment of strategic intent and the tactical reality of day-to-day infrastructure operations.
Constitutive behaviour of confined hybrid fibre reinforced HPC under uniaxial compression
Authors: Ganesan Namasivayam , Indira Pookattu Vattarambath , Sabeena Munda Valappil
Published: November 2015

An attempt has been made to investigate the effect of hybrid fibres on the compressive constitutive behaviour of high-performance concrete (HPC). A total of 96 cylindrical specimens of size 150 mm × 300 mm were cast and tested under monotonic axial compression until failure. The main variables considered were the volume fraction of crimped steel fibres, the volume fraction of polypropylene fibres and the volumetric ratio of confinement. The results indicate that the strength and strain at peak load of HPC can be significantly improved by the addition of hybrid fibres as well as by increasing the volumetric ratio of confinement. Hybrid fibres can replace the confinement to some extent, by which the congestion of reinforcement can be avoided. A simple analytical model is proposed to predict the stress–strain behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced HPC and the model was found to compare satisfactorily with experimental curves.
Effect of carbonation on release of bound chlorides in chloride-contaminated concrete
Authors: Geng Jian , Easterbrook Dave , Liu Qing-Feng , Li Long-Yuan
Published: November 2015

In this paper an experimental study is presented on the interaction between concrete carbonation and chloride attack. The experiments are carried out on chloride-contaminated cement pastes that have been exposed to a carbon dioxide environment. Free and total chloride contents at different carbonation times are measured in the tested specimens using traditional leaching and acid-soluble methods. Bound chloride contents are calculated from the measured total and free chlorides. The experimental data show that the carbonation of cement paste results in a release of bound chlorides, which is related to not only the decomposition of Friedel's salt, but also the decomposition of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gel. Based on the obtained experimental results, a numerical model is also developed for simulating the carbonation process of the chloride-contaminated cement paste. The model can be used to explain how the bound chlorides are released in a chloride-contaminated cement paste under the influence of carbonation reactions.
Bond–slip behaviour of deformed reinforcing bars embedded in well-confined concrete
Authors: Kang Shao-Bo , Tan Kang Hai
Published: November 2015

Precast concrete beam–column sub-assemblages may exhibit pull-out failure of reinforcing bars embedded in the middle joint when subjected to column removal scenarios. This failure mode has to be considered in analytical study through a component-based joint model. However, current bond–slip models incorporated in design guidelines are incapable of predicting the load capacity and potential failure mode of reinforcing bars with inadequate embedment length in beam–column joints. Therefore, it is necessary to re-evaluate the bond–slip behaviour of embedded reinforcement. This paper presents an analytical approach to predict the force–slip relationship of reinforcement. In the approach, bond stress at the post-yield stage of reinforcement is calculated from existing test data of deformed rebars embedded in well-confined concrete under pull-out loads. The approach is calibrated by experimental results of steel bars with various embedment lengths. Simplified approaches are also developed in accordance with the bond stress profile along the embedment length and the average bond stress. Finally, a component-based joint model is established for precast concrete beam–column sub-assemblages, in which the force–slip relationships of reinforcement are derived from the proposed approach. The joint model yields reasonably good predictions of the compressive arch action and catenary action capacities of sub-assemblages under progressive collapse scenarios.
A hybrid steel–shape memory alloy reinforced concrete beam design for optimum fire resistance capacity
Authors: Wong Bill , Liu Jiaqi
Published: November 2015

In structural design for reinforced concrete beams in fire, the traditional way to satisfy the fire resistance requirements is to provide adequate concrete cover, or axis distance, to the steel reinforcements. The purpose is to reduce the rate of temperature rise in the steel reinforcements, in which strength deteriorates with rising temperature. Past research shows that a shape memory alloy (SMA) reinforced concrete beam is able to increase both the strength and stiffness of the beam when the temperature in the SMA increases. However, the gain in strength by SMA at rising temperature reaches a peak at a critical temperature, about 300°C, beyond which its strength starts to decrease. At present there is no guidance for the design of hybrid steel–SMA reinforced concrete beams to obtain the optimal recovery stress as required by the fire resistance level. This paper describes a conceptual design of a hybrid steel–SMA reinforced concrete beam and the process to obtain the optimal position of the SMA reinforcements in the cross-section so as to maximise the strength of the beam in fire. This research is a world first to use this concept for structural fire protection of concrete beams.
Mechanical properties of prestressing steel in and after fire
Authors: Zhang Li , Wei Ya , Au Francis T. K. , Li Jing
Published: November 2015

Knowledge of the mechanical properties of prestressing steel at elevated temperatures and after cooling is essential to the fire resistance design and post-fire evaluation of the residual load-carrying capacity of prestressed concrete structures. Experiments were carried out using an accurate testing system for the development of empirical formulae to predict the deterioration of prestressing steel at elevated temperatures and after cooling. The helical structure of commonly used seven-wire strands allowed estimation of the mechanical properties of the strand based on those of the central wire. Only the central wire of the strand was thus tested, which enabled better clamping and control and hence more accurate measurements. Grade 1860 strands conforming to GB/T 5224, mostly used in Mainland China, and grade 1860 strands conforming to BS 5896, used in Europe and other countries, were tested. Consistent models for the reduction factors of various properties were developed. Some strands extracted from prestressed concrete specimens after fire testing were also tested for verification.
Behaviour of precast concrete deck slabs with transverse confining systems
Authors: Moradi Masoud , Valipour Hamid , Foster Stephen
Published: November 2015

The enhanced loading capacity of transversely confined concrete deck slabs has been demonstrated through different studies, but the available transverse confining systems used in conjunction with cast in situ concrete deck slabs are not conducive to deconstruction. This paper presents the results of an experimental study on precast slabs attached to girders using bolted shear connectors. Ten half-scale precast slabs are tested under a monotonically increasing force applied at the mid-span. The configuration and proportion of the reinforcing steel bars and types of transverse confining system (cross-bracings or ties) are the main test variables. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed system for mobilising arching action in the precast concrete deck slabs. Also, it is shown that the location of reinforcing bars in single-span concrete slabs with transverse confinement can significantly influence the load capacity and ductility, but the top reinforcing steel bars have negligible influence on the peak load and ductility. In addition, detailed finite-element models of the specimens are developed and verified against test results and it is shown that the adopted finite-element models can adequately capture the local and global response of the transversely confined deconstructable precast concrete deck slabs.
Influence of CSH carbonation on the porosity of cement paste
Authors: Shen Qizhen , Pan Ganghua , Bao Bingfeng
Published: November 2015

Thermogravimetric analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry were used to determine the relationship between cement paste porosity and calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) carbonation during the carbonation process. A method that is not based on the chemical formula of CSH was developed to calculate porosity variation during CSH carbonation. This method is based on the variation of calcium hydrate volume and total volume to obtain the CSH volume variation during carbonation, as well as the porosity variation caused by CSH carbonation. The CSH carbonation results showed that the main factor in the variation of paste porosity was CSH carbonation, which accounted for more than 70% of the total porosity variation. A transition point was observed on the CSH volume variation curve. CSH generated calcium carbonate during the early carbonation process, at which a volume expansion also occurred. The volume shrinkage and calcium carbonate content reached maximum when the carbonation process was completed.
Study of plasmonic effect in silicon solar cells with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Yakubov Komiljon , Zhanabergenov Jaksilik , Turemuratov Sharibay , Ernazarov Usnatdin
Published: November 2015

This article presents a study of the plasmonic effect of small-size silver nanoparticles in silicon (Si)-based solar cells. The particles were deposited on the surface of Si by the thermal evaporation method. The size of the particles and their distribution was studied using scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the largest particle size was ≈32 nm. The samples were capped by SiOx or SiNx, and reflectance spectra measured. It was found that the reflectance decreases with increasing silver nanoparticle diameter. Annealing at 375°C did not cause qualitative change of the reflectance spectra. The particles were deposited on Si solar cells, and current–voltage dependence was measured.
Testing of laterally loaded piles in natural sandy gravels
Authors: Jagodnik Vedran , Arbanas Željko
Published: November 2015

In this paper, the authors present the results of field tests on a single laterally loaded pile and two piles in line. Bored reinforced concrete piles with a diameter of 0·25 m and a depth of 5 m were constructed in natural sandy gravels. The lateral loading on a head of tested piles is applied using a hydraulic press with a maximum force of 500 kN. A single pile and two piles in line were incrementally loaded with a controlled head displacement of 2 mm until the ultimate capacity of the pile was attained. The deflections of the piles were measured using an inclinometer probe through inclinometer casings installed in the axes of the piles. The results are analysed and approximated using the Fourier series and the Cesáro sum technique. The measurements are compared using a three-dimensional finite-element method and Rocscience RS3 software, whereas the modelling soil and pile material are compared using simple constitutive laws. The comparison results of the measured and computed deflections of the piles correlate, which indicates that granular materials, such as sandy gravels, provide acceptable approximation and can be modelled using simple constitutive laws.
Physical modelling of initial seepage failure process
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Shi Jun , Duan Xiang Bao , Gu Yan Chang , Pang Qiong , Yang Chao
Published: November 2015

Seepage failure is one of the main factors of earth-rock dam break. The identification of piping behaviour, the calculation of critical hydraulic gradients and the applicability of controlling measures are more concerned in the current studies. Meanwhile, it is significantly essential to identify the gradual change accurately in the seepage process from initial deformation to complete failure in order to reduce the break risk and promote dam safety. In this paper, a physical modelling has been conducted to analyse the mechanics of the seepage failure process with several representative grading soil samples including sandy gravels, fine-grained sands and silty clay. By analysing the seepage gradient, permeability, porosity and the penetration rate, seepage failure process observed in the laboratory tests show four stages, that is, incubation, formation, evolution and destruction. The experimental results show that sandy gravel still maintains stability in the process of destruction when the increasing seepage gradient is not enough to affect the soil skeleton stability. However, the stability of fine-grained sands gets worse after the seepage process of evolution, and silty clay gets unstable at the beginning of the process of formation.
Centrifuge modelling of tunnelling with forepoling
Authors: Divall Sam , Taylor R. Neil , Xu Ming
Published: November 2015

Geotechnical centrifuge modelling provides a means by which geotechnical events and processes can be better understood. In particular, the technique has proved invaluable when investigating collapse mechanisms in small-scale models that can be related to full-scale events. A series of eight plane strain centrifuge model tests investigating the effect of inserting inclusions around the annulus of a single tunnel in overconsolidated clay have been conducted using the geotechnical centrifuge at City University London. The model used a compressed air-supported circular cavity to simulate the tunnel. Stiff resin inclusions embedded around its periphery were used to represent closely spaced forepoles forming grout umbrella arches. Image processing was used to obtain patterns of displacements at the subsurface and displacement transducers measured vertical settlement at the ground surface level. The investigation focused on how different arrangements of forepoling affected tunnel stability. The influence of forepoling on normally accepted plastic collapse mechanisms is discussed. An optimisation of the forepoling layout is suggested in accordance with the findings.
Hydrophobic nano-asperities in control of energy barrier during particle–surface interactions
Authors: Drelich Jaroslaw W. , Bowen Patrick K.
Published: November 2015

To explain differences in colloidal interactions for spherical hydrophobic particles, a theoretical analysis of the interaction potential was carried out for a model rough particle interacting with a smooth and flat surface in an electrolyte solution. The attractive hydrophobic interaction potential was added to repulsive retarded van der Waals and repulsive electrical double layer interaction potentials. The rough microscopic particles were modeled as spheres decorated with nano-sized hemispherical asperities. Parameters that reflect common flotation separation systems were selected for testing this theoretical model and computation of the energy barrier applicable to particle–surface interactions. It was found that hydrophobic asperities with the radius of only a few nanometers reduced the energy required for particle attachment to a hydrophobic surface by several times. The value of this energy barrier was reduced by as much as two orders of magnitude when the radius of nano-sized asperities increased to a few tens of nanometers. Theoretical analysis also revealed that surface coverage of microscopic particles by nano-sized asperities was not as important as the size of the asperities.
Evaluation of organic coatings condition with AFM-based method
Authors: Szociński Michał
Published: November 2015

The paper presents an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based approach to evaluation of local protective properties of organic coatings. Apart from topography, it provides local AC and DC characteristics of examined coating. The method consists in application of AC voltage perturbation signal between conductive AFM tip and coated metal substrate. The resulting current is used to determine local impedance characteristics. Both impedance imaging and impedance spectroscopy modes are available. The measurements are performed in contact AFM regime either for continuous scanning of the tip over the surface or for stationary positioning of the tip over the area of interest. Application of DC bias voltage between the AFM tip and the coated metal substrate makes it possible to verify coating continuity and to identify the potential sites with through-the-coating defects, which penetrate the coating down to the metal substrate. Description of the fundamentals of the technique is supported with selected examples of research results. The obtained topographical images, impedance images, local impedance spectra and DC current maps are correlated as well as supplementary with respect to each other showing that the proposed approach is capable of providing additional information about local behaviour and durability of organic coatings.
Effects of laser treatment on fabric characteristics and performance
Authors: Kan Chi-wai , Lam Yin-ling , Siu Yuen-tung
Published: November 2015

In most of the applications, textiles require specific surface preparation to control designated categories of fabric performance – for example, dye uptake and retention, adhesion and wettability – or various organoleptic properties specific to the targeted end use of the fabric. There are several methods available to apply patterns and improve color control and retention on a fabric. Among the various methods for modification of surfaces of synthetic or natural fibers, laser treatment facilitating the fabric dyeing and finishing has found increasingly broad applications in the past few years. This study examined the effects of laser treatment on fabric surface in the context of changes in organoleptic fabric properties, including shape and dimensions retention, deformability, shape conformation or drapeability and other properties commonly considered as ‘hand feel’. One cotton fabric and two polyester/cotton blended fabrics were treated with laser and evaluated by the Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabric (KES-F) and by PhabrOmeter, which were used to test the hand feel value of the fabric. It was found through this work that the fabric's hand feel decreases with increase of pixel resolution and the energy density associated with the laser power output and time of fabric exposure to laser treatment.
Fracture properties of geopolymer paste and concrete
Authors: Pan Zhu , Sanjayan Jay G. , Rangan B. Vijay
Published: November 2015

Geopolymers are an emerging type of cementitious material purported to provide an environmentally friendly alternative to Portland cement-based concrete. This paper reports the results of experimental research on fracture properties (fracture energy and brittleness) of fly ash based geopolymer concrete and paste with various mix parameters. The characteristic length of the geopolymer concrete was approximately three times less than that of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, due to an increase in tensile splitting strength of about 28%, a decrease in elastic modulus of about 22% and a decrease in fracture energy of about 24%. The difference in characteristic length is similar to that reported between high-strength and normal-strength OPC concretes, indicating that the geopolymer concrete exhibits higher brittleness than its OPC counterpart. This trend was found to be consistent between pastes and concretes, implying that the difference between geopolymer and OPC concrete is due to the type of matrix formation (geopolymerisation or hydration). For geopolymer concretes made with different mix parameters, fracture properties are closely correlated to their compressive strength.
Effect of high strain rate loading on compressive behaviour of fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete
Authors: Wang Shasha , Zhang Min-Hong , Quek Ser Tong
Published: November 2015

This paper presents a laboratory experimental study on the effect of high strain rate loading on compressive behaviour of plain and fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete with similar strength of 80–90 MPa. Steel fibres, polyethylene fibres and a combination of these were used in the fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete. Split-Hopkinson pressure bar equipment and a hydraulic test machine were used to determine the concrete behaviour at strain rates from about 10 to 300/s and from about 10−4 to 10−1/s, respectively. Dynamic increase factor and fracture patterns of the specimens, concrete matrix and fibres are discussed. The CEB–FIP equation is found to be applicable to the high-strength concrete, but overestimated the dynamic increase factor of fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete at strain rates beyond a transition strain rate of 30/s. A modified dynamic increase factor equation is proposed for plain high-strength concrete and fibre-reinforced high-strength concrete.
Adaptive linear analysis for inelastic seismic design of reinforced concrete moment frames
Authors: Eom Tae-Sung , Park Hong-Gun , Kim Chang-Soo , Kim Jinkoo
Published: November 2015

An adaptive linear analysis method for inelastic seismic design of reinforced concrete moment frames is developed adopting the well-known concept of incremental linear approximation for non-linear analysis. A series of linear analyses are performed for multiple lateral loading steps. After performing the linear analysis for each loading step, the analysis model of the structure is modified for the linear analysis of the next loading step addressing the current distribution of plastic hinges. By simply summing up the results of all piecewise linear analyses, the inelastic force and deformation demands of the members are directly determined. The proposed method is applied to the inelastic seismic design of regular and irregular reinforced concrete special moment frames and the design results are verified by comparing with the results of non-linear analysis. The adaptive linear analysis, which is aimed at application to the preliminary seismic design where the non-linear analysis is not preferred, can directly account for the effects of inelastic behaviour such as plastic mechanism of structure, moment redistribution between members and plastic deformations of members.
Performance evaluation of blended cement concretes under MgSO4 attack
Authors: Vedalakshmi Rathinavel , Saraswathy Velu , Yong Ann Ki
Published: November 2015

The increased use of blended cements in marine concrete structures necessitates the evaluation of their performance in the presence of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4). In the present study, the behaviour of concrete containing three cements such as ordinary Portland cement (OPC), Portland pozzolana cement (PPC) and Portland slag cement (PSC) is studied by exposing the concrete specimens in 10% magnesium sulfate solution under laboratory condition and in the tidal zone of seawater. The studies reveal that under both conditions the order of resistance to sulfate attack of three cements is OPC > PPC > PSC. Because of the presence of a greater amount of calcium-aluminate-rich glasses, the concretes containing PSC are more susceptible to sulfate attack. Both in OPC and blended cements, the magnesium sulfate attack is greater in low water to cement (w/c) ratio concretes than in high w/c ratio concretes. Unlike sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) attack, magnesium sulfate attack is more active in blended cements and reduces the time to failure (Tf) of concrete by 1·2 times in 20 and 30 MPa concretes and by 4 times in 40 MPa concrete. Compared to PSC, the Tf of PPC is longer and the behaviour is similar to OPC. Differential thermal analysis shows that the major expansive product is gypsum and the method of attack is mostly by softening rather than by swelling and expansion. The combined action of chemical attack by sulfates and mechanical attack by waves is the major influencing parameter when concrete specimens are exposed to the seawater.
Effect of inclination on the strength of struts
Authors: Sahoo D. K. , Singh B. , Bhargava P.
Published: November 2015

In strut-and-tie modelling of structural concrete, the strength of a strut is known to be significantly influenced by its inclination with the adjoining ties. An inclination factor derived on the basis of strain compatibility which conservatively accounts for the effect of inclination on the strength of struts is proposed. The inclination factor takes the form of a linear scaling parameter and has been incorporated into the efficiency factor model suggested by the authors in an earlier study on the basis of isolated strut tests. This analytical investigation indicates that for strut inclination angles lower than 54°, the strength predictions in current design codes such as ACI 318-08 and Eurocode 2 could be unconservative. The apparent unconservatism with reference to ACI 318-08 is similar to the conclusion of an experimental investigation reported in the literature.
Influence of aggregate fracture on shear transfer through cracks in reinforced concrete
Authors: Sagaseta J. , Vollum R. L.
Published: November 2015

Design methods for shear in reinforced concrete structures typically rely upon shear transfer through cracks, which depends upon the crack opening and sliding displacements and the roughness of the crack surfaces. The effectiveness of shear transfer through aggregate interlock is commonly believed to be reduced if the coarse aggregate fractures at cracks, as is frequently the case in high-strength and lightweight aggregate concretes. This paper describes two sets of push-off tests that were carried out to investigate the effect of aggregate fracture on shear transfer through cracks. Marine dredged gravel was used in one set of specimens and limestone in the other. The cracks typically passed around the gravel aggregate but through the limestone aggregate. The experimental results are compared with the predictions of various existing analytical models including those in design codes MC90, Eurocode 2 and ACI-318. The paper also examines the contribution of aggregate interlock to the shear strength of a parallel set of reinforced concrete beams, tested by the authors, which used the same types of aggregate as the push-off specimens.
Food habits of the aoudad Ammotragus lervia in the Bou Hedma mountains, Tunisia
Authors: Mimoun Jamel Ben , Nouira Saïd
Published: November 2015

A micro-histological analysis of composite faecal samples was used to determine the food plants consumed by the aoudad Ammotragus lervia (Barbary sheep) in the mountains of Bou Hedma National Park, as well as to study food preferences and seasonal variation of the diet of this ungulate. A total of 19 plant species was identified in the faecal samples: 8 grasses, 6 browse types and 5 forbs. The annual diet of this ungulate is composed of approximately 67% grasses, 17% browse and 16% forbs. Two grass species, Stipa parviflora and Stipa tenacissima, comprised 97% of grasses consumed and 63% of the annual diet, and were eaten in the year with considerably greater frequency than any other plant species. The diet of the aoudad at Bou Hedma National Park showed a seasonal variation. For example, grasses were consumed the entire year with a preference in spring (72.57%) and summer (78.31%), but their occurrence in the diet dropped in winter (38.7%). Browse was eaten preferentially in autumn (21.86%) and forbs were utilised most during winter (43.22%) and least during summer (7.53%). Our results show the plasticity of the Tunisian aoudad’s diet and identify it predominantly as a grazer.
Irradiaciones del ingenium. Representaciones cosmológicas y poder generativo de la naturaleza durante el Renacimiento
Authors: Vélez Posada Andrés
Published: November 2015

Este artículo propone un acercamiento a la noción de ingenium en el contexto del arte y la filosofía del Renacimiento europeo. Dada su recurrencia lexical, su representación visual y las ideas que recubre, el ingenium es una noción paradigmática que convoca la atención de los estudios sobre la historia de los conceptos filosóficos y la historia cultural de los saberes. Para evidenciar lo anterior, se entrelazan el comentario filosófico -principalmente de la obra de Ficino- y el comentario sobre las teorías de la creación artística -particularmente en el De Pictura de Alberti. Como centro magnético de la argumentación, el texto interroga una imagen: El juicio de Paris, famoso grabado hecho en Roma por Marco Antonio Raimondi (1480-1534) a partir de un dibujo de Rafael (1483-1520). Como conclusión, el texto pretende mostrar que la noción de ingenium fue, en los albores de la modernidad, marco filosófico para pensar y caracterizar la capacidad productiva de la naturaleza terrestre y de la existencia humana.
La expresión creadora del sentido de la experiencia
Authors: López Sáenz M. Carmen
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo estudiamos la prioridad que Husserl otorga en sus primeras obras al sentido frente a la expresión, considerada improductiva. En sus últimos escritos, en cambio, la génesis del sentido es correlativa a la de la expresión y la comunicación intersubjetivas. De la mano de Merleau-Ponty, nos centraremos concretamente en el giro que supone El Origen de la Geometría de Husserl. No obstante, contextualizaremos en cada una de sus obras su reiterada interpretación de la intención husserliana de llevar la experiencia a la expresión de su sentido con el propósito de demostrar que nunca dejó de pensar con Husserl, tematizando incluso sus impensados. La concepción merleau-pontiana de la reducción incompleta, la intencionalidad operante y la fenomenología como interrogación así lo pondrá de manifiesto. Con ella, se abre, yendo más allá de Husserl, la posibilidad de una expresión creadora.
Poética del movimiento corporal y vulnerabilidad
Authors: Escribano Xavier
Published: November 2015

Cuerpo físico y cuerpo vivido no deben interpretarse como dos realidades separadas, sino que representan dos aspectos distintos de la misma experiencia corporal descrita en términos fenomenológicos. La experiencia de la corporalidad puede seguir dos direcciones: a) la primera es una dirección ascendente, que implica el desarrollo de las posibilidades de movimiento, acción y expresión del cuerpo en toda su plenitud; b) el otro camino o dirección, en contraste con el anterior, toma una senda descendente, y se halla estrechamente relacionado con la experiencia del dolor, de la limitación, de la resistencia corporal que es experimentada como oposición a la propia voluntad: es el cuerpo vulnerable. Aquí reaparece un nuevo dualismo: el cuerpo poético de la expresión frente al cuerpo vulnerable de la enfermedad y el dolor. Mi contribución trata de cuestionar la idea de que el cuerpo poético de la expresión artística y el cuerpo vulnerable de la vejez, de la discapacidad o de la enfermedad, pertenezcan a esferas completamente separadas. Con este propósito, se intenta poner de relieve los múltiples puntos de intersección entre ambas perspectivas, al tiempo que se sostiene que tales intersecciones pueden llegar a ser interesantes puntos de partida de la investigación interdisciplinar.
El fenómeno de la apelación
Authors: Mena Malet Patricio
Published: November 2015

El presente artículo busca interrogar al fenómeno de la apelación. Para ello, se examinará el vínculo entre fenomenología y apelación preguntándonos qué es preciso entender por la máxima husserliana que conmina a un retorno a las cosas mismas; en segundo lugar, intentaremos dilucidar cómo la obediencia crítica a la consigna fenomenológica ha supuesto una recomprensión de fenómeno al punto de transformar la consigna husserliana en un verdadero “retorno de las cosas mismas”. Finalmente, nos proponemos interrogar la apelación del fenómeno, a partir del diálogo entre Marion y Romano. No solo intentaremos dilucidar cuál es la especificidad de la apelación, sino qué relación estricta hay entre fenómeno, particularmente insigne o saturado y apelación.
De Davidson a la teoría de la emoción, y vuelta
Authors: Pérez Jiménez Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2015

El texto expone tres distintas concepciones de las emociones que hay en la filosofía de Donald Davidson, en discusión con tres conceptualizaciones filosóficas importantes sobre las mismas. Considera el orgullo en relación con la concepción cognitivista de la emoción, la sorpresa en relación con la concepción naturalista y la sonrisa en relación con la concepción sui generis. Se defiende que allegar el pensamiento de Davidson y las concepciones de la emoción es fructífero de ida y vuelta: enriquece los estudios sobre la naturaleza de la emoción con los conceptos davidsonianos de causalidad singular, actitud individuativa y actitud no individuativa; y enriquece la teoría de la interpretación radical incorporándole el concepto de expresión emocional.
Mindreading, representación, inferencia y argumentación
Authors: Santibáñez Yáñez Cristián
Published: November 2015

Este artículo tiene por objetivo aportar en la explicación de la función que cumplen las subcompetencias cognitivas mindreading y la representación mental en la actividad inferencial y el comportamiento argumentativo. El texto discute varias explicaciones alternativas existente en la literatura filosófica y cognitiva, decantándose por una perspectiva evolutiva cultural que pone el acento en el diseño colectivista. Para este efecto, se aborda el cambio evolutivo de la plasticidad cerebro-mente, se discute el alcance de la hipótesis de la inteligencia social y se confrontan distintas nociones de mindreading.
Walter Benjamin: dispersión y educación en la época contemporánea
Authors: Velez Germán
Published: November 2015

Me propongo plantear en este artículo algunas consideraciones relativas al concepto de dispersión, que apunten a la comprensión de una dinámica determinante de la vida contemporánea. Tomaré como hilo conductor los planteamientos de Benjamin relativos a la dispersión, realizando algunas operaciones de extrapolación que me permitan arrojar alguna luz sobre la educación en la época actual. La idea de dispersión tiene una historia que esbozaré en sus líneas generales con el fin distinguir las actitudes valorativas que suscita el fenómeno, y la dificultad de asignarle un sentido positivo. Haré referencia a dos momentos que considero que tienen un mayor peso relativo, y que dibujan una especie de alfa y omega de la situación filosófica ante la dispersión en occidente: San Agustín y Heidegger. Partiendo de este esbozo será posible perfilar mejor el problema central de la ambigüedad que acompaña la actitud ante la dispersión y su correlato histórico, la pérdida del aura, y que puede expresarse en la oposición entre un progresismo liquidacionista o un conservadurismo elegíaco.
El “espíritu de seriedad” señalado por Sartre (visto hoy)
Authors: Cuartas Restrepo Juan Manuel
Published: November 2015

El presente artículo toma en consideración el grupo de preguntas con las que el filósofo francés Jean-Paul Sartre termina su obra de 1943, El ser y la nada. El centro de dichas preguntas es la libertad entendida como un valor, y el desarrollo de las mismas, señala Sartre, deberá hacerse en el campo de la ética, al que se aplicará en un próximo libro. El artículo aborda esta segunda obra, publicada póstumamente bajo el título Cuadernos para una moral; se identifica allí la inesecialidad de la moralidad como el problema central, y se pone en relación con el concepto “espíritu de seriedad”, relativamente desatendido en El ser y la nada, pero transversal en Cuadernos para una moral. El artículo somete a indagación los fenómenos de objetivación de la subjetividad y pérdida de la libertad que se derivan del “espíritu de seriedad” tributado a los objetos.
Jogo dos sete erros no processo de submissão de artigos científicos (Parte 6): conversações entre Fausto e Mefistófeles
Authors: Paiva Eny Dórea
Published: November 2015

Esse editorial propõe uma reflexão sobre a tecnologia da informação no que tange à inclusão digital e ao processo de submissão de artigos científicos. No que tange a publicação de artigos científicos, a tendência é que as revistas deixem de ser impressas para serem eletrônicas, não apenas pelas questões ecológicas, mas pelo avanço da tecnologia em si. Muitos autores, durante o processo de submissão de seus manuscritos, deparam-se com dificuldades no manejo das plataformas dessas revistas. No intuito de reduzi-las, parte das revistas elabora tutoriais de orientação, contudo, nem sempre utilizados ou mal compreendidos. Não obstante, terceirizar o manuseio tecnológico digital como égide e impermeabilidade a necessidade imperativa de incluir-se digitalmente constitui-se ato temerário e anacrônico. Cabe aos periódicos parcela importante nesse processo de educação digital como forma de salvaguardar seu bem mais precioso que são os produtores de conhecimento.
Rastreio de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em mulheres no pós-parto: estudo descritivo
Authors: Pereira Priscilla Faria , Carvalho Talita Martins , Soares Glauce Cristine Ferreira , Gualda Dulce Maria Rosa
Published: November 2015

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos vivenciados por mulheres durante os quatro primeiros meses de pós-parto. Método: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada com 86 mulheres na Zona Oeste de São Paulo. Foram aplicados três instrumentos: um questionário; Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) e Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE). Resultados: Neste estudo 14 mulheres (16,30%) apresentaram pontuação maior ou igual a 12 na EPDS, considerado indicativo de Depressão pós-parto. Não houve variação significativa na presença e/ou intensidade dos sintomas nos diferentes meses de pós-parto. A presença de sintomas durante a gestação, estado civil, paridade e traço de ansiedade mostraram relevância estatística para a DPP. Conclusão: Os achados ressaltam a importância de profissionais sensibilizados e políticas públicas que valorizem a continuidade do cuidado, uma vez que essa condição pode dar indícios durante a gestação e surgir em vários momentos do puerpério.Descritores: Depressão pós-parto; Ansiedade; Período pós-parto.
Religiosidade e crença em Deus no período pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca: estudo exploratório
Authors: Gomes Eduardo Tavares , Espinha Daniele Corcioli Mendes , Bezerra Simone Maria Muniz da Silva
Published: November 2015

Objetivo: Analisar as relações entre a crença em Deus e a religiosidade no período pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Método: Estudo exploratório, qualitativo, em que utilizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada e a análise de Bardin para a extração dos conteúdos. Foram entrevistados 12 pacientes que se apresentavam como crentes em Deus, de qualquer religião e com elevado bem-estar espiritual avaliado previamente por uma escala validada. A questão norteadora da pesquisa foi: há relação entre o seu Deus e o seu adoecimento? Resultado: Os discursos versavam sobre as relações entre Deus, adoecimento e cirurgia cardíaca e o enfretamento da doença e do trâmite cirúrgico. A mazela não foi relacionada veementemente ao castigo divino, mas o conhecimento da progressão da doença cardíaca relacionada a hábitos de vida modificáveis revelou-se ligado a sentimentos de culpa.  Conclusão: A crença em Deus repercutiu positivamente no encontro com um novo sentido para o trâmite cirúrgico.
Exposições ocupacionais aos fluidos biológicos, repensando estratégias de intervenção: estudo qualitativo
Authors: Bernardes Carolina Luiza , Baptista Patrícia Campos Pavan
Published: November 2015

Objetivo: Desvelar o fenômeno a experiência do acidente com fluido biológico segundo os trabalhadores de enfermagem, com vistas à reorganização do processo de trabalho. Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo com abordagem da fenomenologia existencial. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram oito trabalhadores de enfermagem que se acidentaram com fluido biológico por meio da seguinte questão norteadora: “Conte-me como foi para você ter se acidentado com fluido biológico?”. Os discursos foram analisados segundo o referencial da filosofia existencial de Martin Heidegger. Resultados: A análise fenomenológica evidenciou duas categorias: “Ser- no- mundo vivenciando o acidente com fluido biológico” e “A transcendência por meio da reorganização do trabalho”. As categorias elucidadas descrevem a vivência dos trabalhadores de enfermagem que se acidentaram com fluido biológico, caracterizada pelo medo da morte, pela necessidade de cuidado, além do contexto em que os acidentes ocorrem, marcado pela sobrecarga de trabalho, descuidado entre a equipe multiprofissional, desconhecimento e mau uso dos instrumentos de trabalho. Conclusão: Os resultados identificados apontam estratégias de intervenção para a reorganização do processo de trabalho, fundamental para a redução dos acidentes de trabalho com fluidos biológicos.
Questionário do comportamento planeado no diabetes – cuidado com os pés: validação
Authors: Monteiro Lidiane Aparecida , Chaves Érika de Cássia Lopes , Souza Valéria Helena Salgado , Nogueira Denismar Alves , Pereira Maria da Graça , Iunes Denise Hollanda
Published: November 2015

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar a adaptação cultural e a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do Questionário do Comportamento Planeado no Diabetes – Cuidado Com os Pés. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma investigação metodológica, em que foi realizada análise semântica por um comitê de juízes, pré-teste e posteriormente, teste-reteste, análise de consistência interna e análise fatorial exploratória, em uma amostra de 130 pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus de uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Instituiu-se 6,35% de alteração semântica na escala original. Resultados: O questionário se mostrou estável (p>0,05 para a maioria dos itens, ICC=0,675); boa consistência interna (Alfa de Cronbach:>0,7 em quatro domínios), ótima relação entre os domínios (KMO=0,741) e estabilidade na estrutura fatorial. Conclusão: O instrumento demonstrou ser adequado para ser replicado no cenário brasileiro.
Risco à ulceração nos pés de diabéticos: estudo transversal
Authors: Teruel Silveira da Silva Juliana Marisa , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço , Rossaneis Mariana Angela , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: November 2015

Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência do risco à ulceração nos pés de pessoas com diabetes mellitus (DM) residentes em área rural. Método: Estudo transversal, realizado com 293 pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e idade superior a 40 anos, considerando as características socioeconômicas, demográficas, dados clínicos e estilo de vida. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante entrevista, análise de prontuário e exame clínico dos pés. Resultado: O risco à ulceração foi encontrado em 37,2% no pé direito e 35,8% no pé esquerdo, predominando o grau de risco 2. A idade avançada, o baixo nível educacional, o uso de insulina e as outras complicações crônicas do DM foram fatores associados à maior prevalência de risco a ulceração nos pés. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se a necessidade de implementação de ações que considerem as especificidades das populações rurais, principalmente no que se refere à mudança no estilo de vida para o controle do DM.
Hábitos de lectura y competencia literaria al final de la E.S.O.
Authors: Latorre Zacarés Víctor
Published: November 2015

Este artículo describe los resultados y las conclusiones de un trabajo de investigación sobre hábitos de lectura y competencia literaria en alumnos de 4º de la E.S.O. El proyecto surgió de la necesidad de obtener datos concretos sobre la competencia literaria de los alumnos. Los profesores hablan muchísimo sobre lo que saben o no saben los alumnos, lo que deben o no hacer, lo que tienen o no que hacer ellos y, también, los responsables de la política educativa. Es decir, los profesores verbalizan sus reflexiones, pero, sólo en contadas ocasiones, lo hacen de manera sistemática. El trabajo aporta datos concretos sobre gustos literarios, hábitos lectores, consumo de ficción, conocimientos literarios, etc.; datos cuya finalidad es la de convertir conceptos espontáneos en conceptos más científicos, que son los que permitirán modificar aquellos aspectos en los que el alumnado presenta deficiencias.
La huida hacia delante. Leer a Juan Ramón Jiménez después de Diario de un poeta reciencasado
Authors: Luján Atienza Ángel Luis
Published: November 2015

El artículo propone una lectura de la obra de Juan Ramón Jiménez a partir de Diario de un poeta reciencasado (1917) basada en la aplicación de la metáfora conceptual de “fuga”. La metáfora conceptual, estudiada por la semántica cognitiva, se presenta así como una herramienta útil para explicar no sólo la lectura de una obra sino su poética implícita y explícita. Aplicada a la obra de Juan Ramón Jiménez permite dar cuenta de su nueva concepción de la forma poética al compararla con un movimiento dinámico que escapa de los patrones cerrados y conduce a una poesía de la conciencia que se renueva a cada momento.
El valor de la lectura en relación con el comportamiento lector. Un estudio sobre los hábitos lectores y el estilo de vida en niños
Authors: Yubero Jiménez Santiago , Larrañaga Rubio Elisa
Published: November 2015

Este artículo describe los resultados y las conclusiones de una investigación sobre el valor de la lectura en los niños, el hábito lector y su estilo de vida en el tiempo de ocio. La muestra de estudio está formada por 1.669 estudiantes de educación Primaria (847 chicos y 822 chicas). Los instrumentos empleados incluyen cuestionarios específicos de lectura y psicológicos. Los resultados muestran que el valor de la lectura varía en función del comportamiento lector y de los hábitos de lectura. Las chicas informan de niveles más altos de lectura que los chicos. En ambos casos, en chicos y chicas, sus hábitos lectores se correlacionan con los hábitos lectores de los padres. Los resultados son discutidos en relación con la relevancia que tiene el contexto escolar y los maestros en la educación lectora.