bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Applying Nitrogen on Yield of Silage Maize Grown after Forage Legumes
Authors: KALKAN Fatma , AVCI Süleyman
Published: January 2020

In a 2-year study, it was determined how winter planting
various forage legumes (Hungarian vetch, narbon vetch and forage pea) before
applying nitrogen (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg N da-1) affected the yield
components of silage maize grown afterward. Fallow was applied for control
treatment. The results showed that among the forage legumes cultivated from
October to May, forage peas afforded the highest fresh weight (4279 kg da-1)
and the dry matter ratio (20.50%). However, narbon vetch affected all other
yield components of silage maize except dry matter ratio more positively than
the other legumes and increased the green yield by 30.3% compared yields
achieved in control plots. The dry matter ratio of silage maize was higher in
plots grown with Hungarian vetch and forage pea plots because of their later sowing
and harvest times. Later, applying nitrogen positively affected the green
yields of silage maize by up to 15 kg N da-1. Such results readily
apply to cultivating crops with high nitrogen demands (e.g., maize) in soils
with low organic matter content. It was concluded that narbon vetch as a
previous crop should be advised for silage maize and top-dressing of 15 kg N da-1
could be beneficial for increasing green maize
yield.
Hubungan antara trauma kepala dan fungsi kognitif pada usia dewasa muda
Authors: Pramana Ragiel , Imran Yudhisman
Published: January 2020

LATAR BELAKANGTrauma kepala merupakan penyebab utama yang paling sering mengakibatkan kecacatan permanen setelah kecelakaan dan kecacatan tersebut dapat terjadi meskipun pada pasien dengan trauma kepala derajat ringan. Salah satu komplikasi dan akibat dari cedera kepala yang mungkin terjadi adalah gangguan fungsi kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat gangguan fungsi kognitif setelah trauma kepala pada dewasa muda.

METODEPenelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian studi analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian sejumlah 49 orang di RSAL Dr. Mintohardjo, Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juli 2017. Data dikumpulkan dengan cara melakukan tes Moca-Ina untuk melihat adanya gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien trauma kepala. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square terhadap variabel-variabel yang diduga berhubungan.

HASILTerdapat hubungan antara cedera kepala dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif (p=0.00). Tidak dijumpai hubungan antara usia dan tingkat pendidikan dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif.

KESIMPULANTerdapat hubungan antara cedera kepala dengan penurunan fungsi kognitif.
Recombinant His-tagged DNA polymerase. II. Cloning and purification of Thermus aquaticus recombinant DNA polymerase (Stoffel fragment).
Authors: Dabrowski S , Kur J
Published: January 2020

The Stoffel DNA fragment, shortened by 12 bp from 5' end, coding for Stoffel DNA polymerase (missing 4 amino acids at N-terminus of Stoffel amino-acids sequence) from the thermophilic Thermus aquaticus (strain YT-1) was amplified, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant Stoffel fragment contained a polyhistidine tag at the N-terminus (21 additional amino acids) that allowed its single-step isolation by Ni2+ affinity chromatography. The enzyme was characterized and displayed high DNA polymerase activity and thermostability evidently higher than the native Taq DNA polymerase.
Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding the rice methionyl-tRNA synthetase.
Authors: Deniziak M , Mirande M , Barciszewski J
Published: January 2020

Three overlapping clones of cDNA, Mos43, Mos28 and Mos60, coding for methionyl-tRNA synthetase were obtained by screening the Oryza sativa lambda gt11 library. Their nucleotide sequence of 2850 bp was determined. The deduced amino-acid sequence of the isolated clones contains a HLGN and KFSKS motifs, which are conserved for this family of enzymes and have been proposed to be the signature sequences for class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. A comparison of the rice MetRS primary structure with those deposited in EMBL/GenBank points to its high homology to yeast, human and Caenorhabditis elegans MetRSs. Interestingly, a great similarity of its C terminus to endothelial-monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAPII) and yeast protein G4p1 was observed.
The V3 region of gp120 is responsible for anti-HIV-1 activity of heparin sulphate.
Authors: Jagodzinski P P , Trzeciak W H
Published: January 2020

The effect of heparin sulphate on the infection of CD4+ lymphocytes by recombinant HIV-1 clones pIIIB and by pIIIB/V3-BaL was investigated. It was demonstrated that heparin sulphate decreased the infectivity of CD4+ lymphocytes by the pIIIB virus stronger than by the pIIIB/V3-BaL clone, and that the effect of heparin was concentration-dependent. This was accompanied by an inhibition of binding of the monoclonal antibodies 447-52-D to the V3 region and G45-60 to the C4 region of oligomeric glycoprotein 120 (gp120). It has been concluded that the inhibitory effect of heparin sulphate on the infection of CD4+ lymphocytes by recombinant HIV-1 clones is mediated mainly by the V3 region of gp120. However, the C4 region contributes to the inhibitory effect of heparin sulphate.
Electrophoretic and chromatographic patterns of glycosaminoglycans of the umbilical cord vessels and their alteration in EPH-gestosis.
Authors: Romanowicz L , Bańkowski E , Jaworski S
Published: January 2020

It was found that hyaluronic acid is the most abundant glycosaminoglycan (GAG) both in the umbilical cord arteries and in the umbilical cord veins. Chromatographic and as well as electrophoretic studies demonstrated that EPH-gestosis (Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension), the most common pathological syndrome occurring in pregnancy, is accompanied by premature replacement of hyaluronic acid by sulphated GAGs in the investigated arteries but not in the veins. Such a replacement is a characteristic feature of the ageing process. One may conclude that EPH-gestosis is associated with a "premature ageing" of the umbilical cord arterial walls. The mechanism and possible role of this phenomenon in pathology are discussed.
Thermal profile with alternately raised and lowered annealing temperature improves the PCR amplification using highly degenerate primers.
Authors: Sachadyn P , Sobiewska G , Kur J
Published: January 2020

The proposed here PCR thermal profile improves the specificity and efficiency of PCR using highly degenerate primers, especially in the case of larger PCR products (around 2000 bp and more). The improvement is achieved by the use of a specific annealing temperature in the beginning cycles and the alternate lowering and raising of the annealing temperature in the subsequent cycles.
Conservation of the structure and organization of lupin mitochondrial nad3 and rps12 genes.
Authors: Rurek M , Oczkowski M , Augustyniak H
Published: January 2020

A high level of the nucleotide sequence conservation of mitochondrial nad3 and rps12 genes was found in four lupin species. The only differences concern three nucleotides in the Lupinus albus rps12 gene and three nucleotides insertion in the L. mutabilis spacer. Northern blot analysis as well as RT-PCR confirmed cotranscription of the L. luteus genes because the transcripts detected were long enough.
Induction of DNA breakage in X-irradiated nucleoids selectively stripped of nuclear proteins in two mouse lymphoma cell lines differing in radiosensitivity.
Authors: Kruszewski M , Iwaneńko T
Published: January 2020

The role of nuclear proteins in protection of DNA against ionizing radiation and their contribution to the radiation sensitivity was examined by an alkaline version of comet assay in two L5178Y (LY) mouse lymphoma cell lines differing in sensitivity to ionizing radiation. LY-S cells are twice more sensitive to ionizing radiation than LY-R cells (D0 values of survival curves are 0.5 Gy and 1 Gy, respectively). Sequential removal of nuclear proteins by extraction with NaCl of different concentrations increased the X-ray induced DNA damage in LY-R nucleoids. In contrast, in the radiation sensitive LY-S cell line, depletion of nuclear proteins practically did not affect DNA damage. Although there is no doubt that the main cause of LYS cells' sensitivity to ionizing radiation is a defect in the repair of double-strand breaks, our data support the concept that nuclear matrix organisation may contribute to the cellular susceptibility to DNA damaging agents.
Effect of protein kinase ck2 on topoisomerase I from plasmodia of the slime mold Physarum polycephalum.
Authors: Derlacz R A , Kowalska-Loth B , Staroń K
Published: January 2020

Relaxing activity of Physarum topoisomerase I was increased by calf thymus protein kinase ck2, similarly as was the activity of mammalian topoisomerase I, despite a pronounced difference between amino-acid sequences of non-conserved domains of Physarum and mammalian enzymes. This feature of Physarum topoisomerase I was cancelled in nuclear extracts isolated from dibutyryl-cAMP treated plasmodia in which the activity of protein kinase ck2 was elevated.
Amino-acid composition of pyruvate kinase M2 isoenzyme variants from rat liver and Morris hepatoma 7777.
Authors: Ignacak J , Gumińska M , Steczko J
Published: January 2020

Cytosolic fractions B (salted out between 51-70% ammonium sulphate saturation) from rat liver and Morris hepatoma 7777, containing pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) M2 isoenzymes, were purified by affinity chromatography on Blue Sepharose CL-6B. When compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at pH 8.3, all three M2 pyruvate kinase variants from Morris hepatoma 7777 had lower mobilities (alpha2, beta2, gamma3) than the three corresponding variants (alpha1, beta1, gamma2) from normal rat liver. Using an automatic amino-acid analyser, significant differences in selected amino-acid content have been found in corresponding highly purified gamma3 and gamma2 variants from Morris hepatoma and normal rat liver, respectively. The gamma3-variant of the Morris hepatoma M2 isoenzyme had twice the amount of L-tyrosine and L-cysteine, and a content of L-serine higher by 20% than the corresponding gamma2 variant of the normal rat liver M2 isoenzyme. It contained, however, significantly less dicarboxylic amino acids which explains its lower electrophoretic mobility. It showed also a decrease (by about 10%) in several other amino-acid content, corresponding to a 10% decrease in the tumour enzyme molecular mass.
Age-related profile of beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase glycosylation in rat liver.
Authors: Lityńska A , Przybyło M
Published: January 2020

Beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase was prepared from a liver lysosomal fraction obtained from rats between 18 days of gestation (group I) and 72 weeks of age (groups II-VI). A glycan chain analysis was performed after an electrophoresis and blotting, followed by a very sensitive detection system with highly specific digoxigenin-labelled lectins. The presence of high-mannose/hybrid type glycans, as well as their fucosylated forms was shown in all the experimental groups. Complex-type glycans with terminal sialic acid or galactose were present in all the groups except for 1-week-old rats in which only a positive reaction with lectins from Galanthus nivalis and Aleuria aurantia was observed. Thus it may be assumed that age-related changes in the glycosylation pattern occur on the first days after birth.
RNA recombination in brome mosaic virus, a model plus strand RNA virus.
Authors: Figlerowicz M , Bujarski J J
Published: January 2020

Studies on the molecular mechanism of genetic recombination in RNA viruses have progressed at the time when experimental systems of efficient recombination crossovers were established. The system of brome mosaic virus (BMV) represents one of the most useful and most advanced tools for investigation of the molecular aspects of the mechanism of RNA-RNA recombination events. By using engineered BMV RNA components, the occurrence of both homologous and nonhomologous crosses were demonstrated among the segments of the BMV RNA genome. Studies show that the two types of crossovers require different RNA signal sequences and that both types depend upon the participation of BMV replicase proteins. Mutations in the two BMV-encoded replicase polypeptides (proteins 1a and 2a) reveal that their different regions participate in homologous and in nonhomologous crossovers. Based on all these data, it is most likely that homologous and nonhomologous recombinant crosses do occur via two different types of template switching events (copy-choice mechanism) where viral replicase complex changes RNA templates during viral RNA replication at distinct signal sequences. In this review we discuss various aspects of the mechanism of RNA recombination in BMV and we emphasize future projections of this research.
Some aspects of oligoribonucleotides synthesis via the H-phosphonate approach.
Authors: Stawiński J , Kraszewski A
Published: January 2020

This review gives a short account of selected aspects of oligoribonucleotide synthesis via the H-phosphonate method. It includes: (i) recent methods for the preparation of suitably protected ribonucleoside 3'-H-phosphonates (the phosphonylation step), (ii) some chemical and stereochemical features of the formation of H-phosphonate internucleosidic linkages, and (iii) stereoselective synthesis of oligoribonucleoside phosphorothioates using chemo-enzymatic approach.
Yeast nuclear PET127 gene can suppress deletions of the SUV3 or DSS1 genes: an indication of a functional interaction between 3' and 5' ends of mitochondrial mRNAs.
Authors: Wegierski T , Dmochowska A , Jabłonowska A , Dziembowski A , Bartnik E , Stepień P P
Published: January 2020

Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear genes SUV3 and DSS1 encode putative RNA helicase and RNase II, respectively, which are subunits of the mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO): a three-protein complex which has a 3' to 5' exoribonuclease activity and plays a major role in regulating stability of mitochondrial RNA. Lack of either of the two gene products results in a respiratory negative phenotype, while on the molecular level it causes a total block of mitochondrial translation, loss of the in vitro exoribonuclease activity and changes in stability and processing of many mtRNAs. We have found that the yeast nuclear gene PET127 present on a low or high copy number vector can effectively suppress the effects of the SUV3 or DSS1 gene disruptions. Since the product of the PET127 gene is involved in processing of the 5' ends of mitochondrial mRNAs, we suggest that there is a functional coupling between the 5' and 3' ends of mitochondrial mRNAs.
Oligonucleotide synthesis using the 2-(levulinyloxymethyl)-5-nitrobenzoyl group for the 5'-position of nucleoside 3'-phosphoramidite derivatives.
Authors: Kamaike K , Takahashi H , Morohoshi K , Kataoka N , Kakinuma T , Ishido Y
Published: January 2020

A comparative study on the utility of 2-(levulinyloxymethyl)-5-nitrobenzoyl (LMNBz) and 2-(levulinyloxymethyl)benzoyl (LMBz) protecting groups for the 5'-positions of nucleoside 3'-phosphoramidite derivatives in the oligonucleotide synthesis is presented in terms of the syntheses of TpTpT, TpTpTpT, and UpCpApGpUpUpGpG. In addition we describe the synthesis, using the LMNBz protecting group, of the CpCpA terminus triplet of tRNAs bearing exocyclic amino groups with 15N-labeling, and the trimer Gp[A*]pG containing 2'-O-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)adenosine ([A*]), the latter of which is found at position 64 in the yeast initiator tRNA(Met).
Hydration of C-H groups in natural dithymidine nucleotide and its methylphosphonate analogues.
Authors: Kulińska K , Kuliński T , Stawiński J
Published: January 2020

In this paper we report our preliminary studies on the hydration pattern of selected C-H groups in natural thymidyl(3'-5)thymidine and its Rp and Sp-methylphosphonate analogues using Molecular Dynamic simulations in aqueous solutions. The methyl groups attached to the phosphorus center (P-Me) in methylphosphonate analogues are hydrated by water molecules as efficiently as the hydrophilic P=O group in the natural dithymidine nucleotide and better than the neutral P=O functions in these compounds, although the nature of the hydration is different. The C5-Me centers of the 3'-yl units seem to be better hydrated in the methylphosphonate analogues than in the natural dithymidine phosphate and than other centers of the thymine bases in methylphosphonate analogues. Due to chirality of the phosphorus center, the C5-Me group of the 5'-yl unit in the Sp diastereomer coordinates more water than that in the Rp diastereomer. The C6-H group in the 5'-yl unit of the Sp diastereomer exhibits a specific interaction with water.
Dolichyl sulphate and H-phosphonate: enzymatic reactions with activated sugars.
Authors: Sizova O V , Maltsev S D , Shibaev V N , Jankowski W J , Chojnacki T
Published: January 2020

Two phosphate-modified analogues of dolichyl phosphate were evaluated as substrates or inhibitors of the reactions catalyzed by mammalian microsomal enzymes. Dolichyl H-phosphonate could serve as an efficient acceptor for mannosyl and glucosyl transfer. The reaction products were chromatographically different from those formed from dolichyl phosphate. Lower activity of the H-phosphonate was observed for the reaction of N-acetylglucosaminyl phosphate transfer from UDP-GlcNAc. Dolichyl sulphate was shown not to serve as a substrate for the transfer of mannosyl (from GDP-Man), glucosyl (from UDP-Glc) or N-acetylglucosaminyl phosphate (from UDP-GlcNAc) residues in the presence of rat liver microsomes. Weak inhibitory properties of this analogue were demonstrated.
Chemical modification of lysine and arginine residues of bovine heart 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase: effect on the enzyme activity and regulation.
Authors: Ostrovtsova S A
Published: January 2020

Chemical modification of arginine and lysine residues of bovine heart 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase with phenylglyoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate inactivated the enzyme, indicating the importance of these residues for the catalysis. Inactivation caused by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was prevented in the presence of thiamine pyrophosphate and Mg2+ allowing the assumption that lysine residues participate in binding of the cofactor.
Functional role of rRNAs in plant translation system tested with antisense strategy.
Authors: Nawrot M , Bohun E , Ksiazczak-Kus L , Sobkiewicz A , Polak J , Twardowski T
Published: January 2020

There are regions in rRNA which are evolutionary conserved and exposed on ribosomal surface. We selected in plant material (Lupinus luteus) two of them: the alpha-sarcin domain of 26S rRNA (L-rRNA) and C loop of 5S rRNA, to be further investigated using antisense oligomers as research tools. We found inhibition of the model polypeptide biosynthesis (up to 80%) due to specific hybridization of oligomers addressed to alpha-sarcin domain and loop C. Based on our results we present the evidence for the key role played by these regions of rRNAs during protein biosynthesis in plant system. According to our hypothesis, conformational changes of these two regions are synchronised and cooperative during transition of pre- to post-translocation state of the ribosome. The correlation of structure and activity of rRNA domains in translation is shown.
Mitochondria, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defences.
Authors: Lenaz G , Bovina C , Formiggini G , Parenti Castelli G
Published: January 2020

Mitochondria are strongly involved in production of reactive oxygen species, considered today as the main pathogenic agent of many diseases. A vicious circle of oxidative stress and damage to cellular structures can lead to either cell death by apoptosis or to a cellular energetic decline and ageing. The early involvement of mitochondria in apoptosis includes expression of pro-apoptotic factors, release of cytochrome c from the inter-membrane space and opening of the permeability transition pore: cytochrome c release appears to precede pore opening. The mitochondrial theory of ageing considers somatic mutations (deletions) of mitochondrial DNA induced by oxygen radicals as the primary cause of energy decline; experimentally, Complex I appears to be mostly affected. We have developed the Pasteur effect (enhancement of lactate production by mitochondrial inhibition) as a bio-marker of mitochondrial bioenergetics in human platelets, and found it to be decreased in aged individuals. Cells counteract oxidative stress by antioxidants; among lipophilic antioxidants coenzyme Q is the only one of endogenous biosynthesis; exogenous coenzyme Q, however, may protect cells from oxidative stress in vivo.
Oxidative damage to plant DNA in relation to growth conditions.
Authors: Białkowski K , Oliński R
Published: January 2020

In this study we investigated the level of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in DNA of Cardamine pratensis plants subjected to different growth conditions trying to answer the question whether factors like light and water accessibility or low temperature may have an impact on the total DNA oxidative damage. The level of this modified nucleoside was determined using HPLC coupled to UV absorbance and electrochemical detection (HPLC-UV-EC). We did not observe any statistically significant differences in 8-oxodG level between DNA of etiolated and light exposed plants as well as between DNA of regularly watered and drought-subjected plants. In contrast, we have shown that chilling (1 degree C for 28 h) brings about the increase of 8-oxodG level in DNA.
Exogenous sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosylphosphorylcholine do not stimulate phospholipase D in C6 glioma cells.
Authors: Dygas A , Sidorko M , Bobeszko M , Barańska J
Published: January 2020

In the present study we investigate the effect of exogenous sphingosine, sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosylphosphorylcholine on phospholipase D (PLD) activity in glioma C6 cells. The cells were prelabeled with [1-14C]palmitic acid and PLD-mediated synthesis of [14C]phosphatidylethanol was measured. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and sphingosylphosphorylcholine did not stimulate [14C]phosphatidylethanol formation either at low (0.1-10 microM) or high (25-100 microM) concentrations. On the other hand, sphingosine at concentrations of 100-250 microM strongly stimulated PLD activity as compared to the effect of phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), known as a PLD activator. The effect of TPA on PLD is linked to the activation of protein kinase C. The present study also shows that sphingosine additively enhances TPA-mediated PLD activity. This is in contrast to the postulated role of sphingosine as a protein kinase C inhibitor. These results demonstrate that in glioma C6 cells sphingosine not only affects PLD independently of its effect on protein kinase C, but also is unable to block TPA-mediated PLD activity.
Nonenzymatic hydrolysis of oligoribonucleotides. V. The elements affecting the process of self-hydrolysis.
Authors: Bibiłło A , Ziomek K , Figlerowicz M , Kierzek R
Published: January 2020

Chemical instability of some of the phosphodiester bonds, often observed in large RNAs, visualizes the autocatalytic properties of this class of nucleic acids. Unexpectedly, selective hydrolysis occurs also in short oligoribonucleotides (as short as a tetramer or hexamer). Herein, we describe additional experiments which support the conclusion that the hydrolysis is not due to ribonuclease contamination but is of autocatalytic origin and is related to the sequence and structure of single-stranded oligomers. Moreover, we show that the presence in the reaction mixture of polyamines, such as spermidine, is essential for hydrolysis of oligoribonucleotides.
A human putative Suv3-like RNA helicase is conserved between Rhodobacter and all eukaryotes.
Authors: Dmochowska A , Kalita K , Krawczyk M , Golik P , Mroczek K , Lazowska J , Stepień P P , Bartnik E
Published: January 2020

We have cloned and sequenced a cDNA of the human homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Suv3 putative RNA helicase which is indispensable for mitochondrial function in yeast. The human Suv-3-like protein has a typical mitochondrial leader sequence. Northern blot data and analysis of ESTs in the data banks indicate that this human gene (SUPV3L1) is expressed in practically all tissues, though at different levels. Sequence homology analysis has shown a strong conservation of the protein in a number of eukaryotic organisms -- plants, mammals and fungi, but no close homologues exist in bacteria with the exception of the purple bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. This gene is thus ubiquitously present in all eukaryotic organisms.
Thermodynamic contribution of nucleoside modifications to yeast tRNA(Phe) anticodon stem loop analogs.
Authors: Agris P F , Guenther R , Sochacka E , Newman W , Czerwińska G , Liu G , Ye W , Malkiewicz A
Published: January 2020

The determination of the structural and functional contributions of natural modified nucleosides to tRNA has been limited by lack of an approach that can systematically incorporate the modified units. We have produced a number of oligonucleotide analogs, of the anticodon of yeast tRNA(Phe) by, combining standard automated synthesis for the major nucleosides with specialty chemistries for the modified nucleosides. In this study, both naturally occurring and unnatural modified nucleotides were placed in native contexts. Each oligonucleotide was purified and the nucleoside composition determined to validate the chemistry. The RNAs were denatured and analyzed to determine the van't Hoff thermodynamic parameters. Here, we report the individual thermodynamic contributions for Cm, Gm, m1G, m5C, psi. In addition m5m6U, m1psi, and m3psi, were introduced to gain additional understanding of the physicochemical contribution of psi and m5C at an atomic level. These oligonucleotides demonstrate that modifications have measurable thermodynamic contributions and that loop modifications have global contributions.
Damaged DNA-binding proteins: recognition of N-acetoxy-acetylaminofluorene-induced DNA adducts.
Authors: Rzeszowska-Wolny J , Widłak P
Published: January 2020

Proteins which bind to the DNA damaged by genotoxic agents can be detected in all living organisms. Damage-recognition proteins are thought to be generally involved in DNA repair mechanisms. On the other hand, the relevance to DNA repair of some other proteins which show elevated affinity to damaged DNA (e.g. HMG-box containing proteins or histone H1) has not been established. Using the electrophoretic mobility-shift assay we have investigated damage-recognition proteins in nuclei from rat hepatocytes. We detected two different protein complexes which preferentially bound the DNA damaged by N-acetoxy-acetylaminofluorene. One of them also recognized the DNA damaged by benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide (yet with much lower efficiency). The proteins which bind to damaged DNA are permanently present in rat cells and their level does not change after treatment of animals with the carcinogens. Differences in the affinity of the detected damage-recognition proteins to DNA lesion evoked by either carcinogen did not correlate with more efficient removal from hepatic DNA of 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced adducts than benzo(a)pyrene-induced ones.
Modulatory effect of divalent metal cations on the phosphotyrosine activity of the frog liver acid phosphatase.
Authors: Szalewicz A , Strzelczyk B , Kubicz A
Published: January 2020

Frog liver acid phosphatase hydrolyzes phosphotyrosine at acidic pH optimum. Mn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ (but not Zn2+) ions modulate this activity by shifting its pH optimum to physiological pH. This effect is not observed when p-nitrophenylphosphate is used as a substrate. Phosphoserine and phosphothreonine are not hydrolyzed under the same conditions.
Parent-Students Relationship and Its Relationship with Student’s Development in Social Skills
Authors: Daud Nurulhaidah , Sarkawi Zahidah , Zakaria Ikhwan , Woon You Huay
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on parent-student relationship, student's development, and social skill. Using random sampling method, around 65 students age 18-19 years old will be given two types of questionnaires to measure the social skill and parent-student development. The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between parent-student relationship and social skills. Roughly observed, student that practices a good relationship with their parents tends to stand out more in public and have good social skills. As a conclusion, this research is to prove the hypothesis which is a good parent-student relationship result in a good student's development in social skills and to prove that there is a relationship between student's development in social skills and student's relationship with parents.
The Differential Effects of the Algorithm and Proportional Reasoning Approaches on Senior High School Students’ Understanding of Titrimetric Analysis
Authors: Baah Kennedy Ameyaw , Boachie Solomon , Quansah Francis , Danquah Joan
Published: January 2020

This study evaluated The Differential Effects of Algorithm and Proportional Reasoning Approaches on Senior High School Students’ Understanding of Titrimetric Analysis in Berekum Presbyterian Senior High School in the Brong Ahafo Region. The target population was the science students in the school. The accessible population consisted of science one and science two final year elective chemistry students. Quasi-experimental design was used for this study. In this design the researcher used a questionnaire and test to solicit information on students’ understanding on the Effects of Proportional and Algorithm Reasoning Approaches. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 30 students for the research. Science A students formed the experimental group and were taught using algorithm approach while the science B students comprised the control group and were taught using the proportional reasoning approach. There was no interaction between the control group and the experimental group. Difference in performance in pre-test and post-test, the analysis of the study imply that students exposed to algorithm instructional approach to the teaching and learning in titrimetric analysis performed statistically better at significant level (p-value = 0.000 at a=0.05). Students in the experimental group (algorithm approach) performance were better in post-test than the post-test of students in the control group (proportional reasoning). The Hake Gain was then used to calculate for students understanding in titrimetric analysis using algorithm instructional approach in teaching and learning of titrimetric analysis. The gain 0.46 (SD = 0.132) achieved fell within the range i.e. 0.36< 〈 g〉 <0.68 meaning that students understood the titrimetric analysis after they were exposed to algorithm instructional approach. The results of the study imply that students exposed to algorithm instructional approach to the teaching and learning in titrimetric analysis performed significantly better than proportional instructional approach

Keywords: algorithm approach, stoichiometry, proportional instructional approach, titration.
Prevalence of Anthracycline Induced Cardiomyopathy amongst Cancer Patients Treated at Tertiary Teaching and Refferal Hospital in Nairobi Kenya
Authors: C.N Tonio , E.N Ogola , N.A Abinya , E M Karari , B Gitura , A.O Odhiambo
Published: January 2020

Background: Cardiovascular complication is a major consequence of cancer treatment. Anthracycline induced cardiomyopathy is a known cause of long term morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors. The burden of this complication is unknown in our setting

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiomyopathy in ambulatory patients treated with anthracycline (Ac) containing chemotherapy at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) as measured by two dimensional (2D) echocardiography (ECHO).

Study design: A hospital based inpatient/outpatient cross sectional, descriptive study.

Study setting: This study was carried out in various outpatient clinics and oncology wards in Kenyatta National Hospital. These included the adult hematooncology clinic 23, Ground floor C (GF-C), Ward 8C and Ground floor D (GF-D)

Subjects: The study population included patients who have been exposed to Ac. The minimum Ac dose was 200mg/m2. A total of 129 patients with various types of cancers were sampled consecutively over a period of 3 months. Eligible patients underwent a 2D ECHO and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was assessed.

Results: Patients between the ages of 15 and 75 participated in the study, the mean age was 45.6 years, with the female to male ratio of 4.3:1. Majority of the patients had breast cancer (67.4%) and the treatment regimen in over 65% of them was doxorubicin and cyclophospomide (AC). The mean cumulative dose was 236mg/m2. All patients recruited had received a cumulative dose of between 200 - 450mg/m2. Most of the patients (63%) had completed Ac within one year of their cardiac evaluation. Only 14.0 % of the patients had a pretreatment ECHO. The overall prevalence of LV systolic dysfunction detected by echocardiography was 3.1% (95% CI 0.9– 7.8). The study was not powered to make associations with age, sex and cumulative dose and presence of cardiomyopathy.

Conclusions: The study demonstrates a prevalence of 3.1% cardiomyopathy among cancer patients treated with anthracyclines. This figure is comparable to similar studies done. The prevalence described in most studies ranges from between 1% to 20.5%.Anthar
Effects of Sintering Temperature on Crystallinity, Morphology, and Photocatalytic Activity of Bi2O3
Authors: Sutanto Mukholit, Heri , Ketut Umiati Ngurah Ayu , Hidayanto Eko
Published: January 2020

Bi2O3 has successfully been synthesized using precipitation method with sintering temperature variations of 400oC, 450o C, 500o C, 550o C, and 600o C. Crystallinity property of resulting Bi2O3 powder has also been tested with XRD and morphology properties were tested with SEM. Meanwhile, photocatalytic properties were tested by using it to degrade Rhodamine B under sunlight. Results of XRD tests show that differences in sintering temperature affect crystallite size. Increases in sintering temperature between 400o C and 500o C result in greater crystallite size, whereas sintering temperature between 550o C and 600oC result in smaller crystallite size. Results of SEM tests show that resulting Bi2O3 has rod-like structure, While results of degradation tests show that increases in sintering temperature enhances photocatalytic activities of Bi2O3, as evident with Bi2O3 undergoing sintering at 600oC was able to degrade Rhodamine B with 56.74% effectiveness and degradation rate of 0.007 ppm/min.
Cultural Communication in Social Integration between Bawean Ethnic and Malay Sub-Ethnic in Malaysia
Authors: Sarifin Muhammad Ridhwan
Published: January 2020

Cultural communication has obliquely shapes society relationships with another for the sake of togetherness prosperity. Diversity of norms and values from cultural symbols are able to be transferred as connecting elements in order to create interaction that is based on mutual comprehension of cultural norms. This study objective is to comprehend Bawean ethnic's cultural communication symbol. Employing qualitative methods, social construction paradigm is perceived through in-depth interview. This methodology adapted to realize the meaning of cultural communication between Bawaean and the other Malay sub-ethnicity. There are one main informant and ten other informant whom have been interviewed face-to-face. The result has shown that Bawean ethnic's cultural communication symbol such as language, cuisine, martial arts and religious rituals are the main elements in Bawean ethnic's cultural communication. In conclusion, cultural communication between Bawean ethnic and other ethnic has taken place according to the situations as either inside or outside  the group. Cultural similarities has facilitate cultural communication tranquility. It creates social integration with relation to the ethnic relationship processes such as acculturation, accommodation and integration.
The Factors Which Caused Outsourcing System Not According to the Content of the Work Agreement Regarding the Term of the Employment Contract
Authors: Mahardini Millatina , Handayani I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that cause outsourcing system not in accordance with the content of the work agreement regarding the term of the employment contract. Research with the title above is empirical juridical, meaning that research is based on research obtained from field studies and uses secondary data sourced from primary and secondary legal materials to analyze various regulations regarding the purpose of this research contained in Article 64 of the Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment, can be referred to as the practice of outsourcing. The writer then analyzed the problematic which can be seen in several things, namely Employment Relations, Trade Unions. Employment Relations to the contract workers who work at outsourcing companies can be seen from the number of irregularities or violations of work norms carried out by employers in conducting outsourcing business. Trade Unions, where in practice are outsourcing workers, are unclear about the function and role of trade unions in the company.
The impact of customer engagement on service coordination costs in content service:
Authors: LEE KYEONGHO , Ha Byoung Chun
Published: January 2020

In order to secure the continuous competitiveness of OTT content services such as YouTube and Netflix, content service SCM promoting the production and distribution of digital information materials is becoming increasingly important. However, previous studies on this are scarce. This study examines the causal relationship between customer engagement, customer response profitability, and service coordination costs from the perspective of a YouTuber, a content creation service provider. In particular, it examines the impact of customer response profitability, a quantitative indicator of customer response, on the use of social media that customers feel and on the relationship between customer engagement and service coordination costs. In this study, we surveyed a YouTuber in Korea, a service provider. SPSS 18, AMOS 20, and PROCESS Macro were used for statistical analysis and hypothesis testing. The analysis shows that the degree of customer engagement on the YouTube channel has a positive effect on customer response profitability and service coordination costs, and that customer response profitability negatively affects service coordination costs (the reduction of costs). The relationship between the customer response profitability and the degree of customer engagement could not be confirmed, but the relationship between customer engagement and the service coordination costs was confirmed. With this study, we contribute to the establishment of policies on the value co-creation framework from the service provider's perspective in content service SCM and on whether to invest in social media in content sourcing.
Comparative Study on Dowry System
Authors: Uddin Nomik , Hamna Marzana Akter , Talukder Ehsan , Ahmed Rayhan
Published: January 2020

Of all the problems faced by the women in our society, Dowry becomes first and firmest as a social challenge.
The Nexus Between Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Islamic Radicalization in Garissa County, Kenya
Authors: Hassan Haji Dr. Alinur , Juma James Omondi
Published: January 2020

The global threat of Islamism inspired terrorism has witnessed an upsurge in different parts of the world in the recent past. The threat of terror has been alive in Kenya in the recent past and hence the desire to understand the link between the social and demographic characteristics and Islamic radicalization.The study adopted Social Distance Theory. The descriptive correlational approach described the status of the variables while showing how the variables relate in the natural setting. It was conducted in six sub-counties of Garissa County where respondents included Islamic clerics and scholars, government security officials (County commissioner, chiefs and ATPU), the community (Nyumba kumi committees and household heads) and radicalized youths. The study established that Islamisms influences Al-shaabab activities in Garissa County by playing on the emotion of the locals in the area in terms of the economic status with factors like poverty and economic marginalization being the major areas of weakness that the Al-shabaab terror group is exploiting to infiltrate the community in Garissa County.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS NORMAS DE AUTOMAÇÃO PARA A INDÚSTRIA 4.0
Authors: PAIOLA C. E. G. , ROCHA E. H. , RODRIGUES A. C.
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a importância das normas técnicas de automação industrial no processo de transformação digital pelo qual as indústrias têm passado. Para tanto, é abordado o mecanismo de elaboração e certificação de normas técnicas, bem como as vantagens de utilizá-las, aproveitando a experiência compartilhada por profissionais de diversas indústrias e países.  No artigo são apresentadas as principais normas voltadas para a eficiência e segurança operacional das indústrias de processos, tais como a norma ISA106 para a Automação de Procedimentos, ISA101 para Interfaces Humano-Máquina e ISA18.2 para Gerenciamento de Alarmes. A discussão passa pela apresentação dos conceitos das normas, boas práticas associadas a cada tema e exemplos de utilização.
INTEGRAÇÃO DO SISTEMA CIBER-FÍSICO PARA SISTEMA DE PROGRAMAÇÃO, INTERTRAVAMENTO E CONTROLE DE UM REATOR BATELADA
Authors: SOUSA RENATA , TAIRA G. R. , PARK S. W.
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho destina-se a esclarecer o conceito de Indústria 4.0 para sistemas de controle industrial de Engenharia Química, não abandonando as técnicas consagradas e colocando-as no contexto ciber-físico através da integração entre sistema de informação, modelo virtual e o processo físico. Após a elaboração da arquitetura e programação dentro de cada módulo de sistema de controle, incluindo um observador virtual, é realizada a aplicação de intertravamento no controle de um reator de batelada, mostrando as funcionalidades de automação ciberfísica quando comparada à complexidade de hardwares em sistemas tradicionais.
SALA DE AULA 4.0: TREINANDO UM ENGENHEIRO DE PROCESSOS EM UM AMBIENTE MULTIDISCIPLINAR
Authors: VALDMAN ANDREA , Tiradentes Rafael Pinto
Published: January 2020

Os sistemas de gerenciamento de dados são, atualmente, um dos cernes das indústrias químicas e bioquímicas. Este ambiente multidisciplinar demanda novas técnicas de aprendizado e ensino, tais como Problem Based Learning e sala de aula invertida. A Sala de Aula 4.0 é uma experiência de imersão industrial em um ambiente acadêmico, composto por uma caldeira semi-industrial com instrumentação digital integrada a um software gerenciador. O servidor, conectado à rede institucional, permite a análise de 150 variáveis de processo, aproximando o aluno do cenário de tomada de decisão em um ambiente industrial. A metodologia desenvolvida baseia-se em atividades de aprendizado teóricas e cognitivas para ampliar o aprendizado criativo, além de estimular o desenvolvimento de indicadores de produtividade (On Stream Factor e Overall Equipment Effectiveness) para quantificar KPIs subjetivos.
CINÉTICA DE ADSORÇÃO DOS ÍONS DE Cu2+ NA CINZA DA CASCA DE ARROZ PARA TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTE DA INDUSTRIA DE PETRÓLEO
Authors: Alves Pereira Kilton Renan
Published: January 2020

A água produzida (AP) é gerada como subproduto da produção de petróleo, sendo um efluente de composição química complexa. Vários trabalhos vêm sendo reportados na literatura com aplicação da cinza da casca de arroz em processos adsortivos para remoção de metais tóxicos. Assim, esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a cinética de adsorção de íons de Cu2+ na cinza da casca de arroz (CCA) como adsorvente em meio aquoso. Os ensaios de adsorção foram conduzidos por sistemas em batelada e em condições predeterminadas. Para avaliar a cinética do processo adsortivo foram aplicados os modelos cinética de pseudo-primeira ordem e de pseudo-segunda ordem. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que CCA atingiu eficiência superior a 93% na remoção do Cu2+ e quanto a cinética de adsorção, ambos os modelos se ajustaram frente aos dados experimentais, devido altos coeficientes de regressão (R² = 0,99).
QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP AND MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF HYDROXAMIC ACID DERIVATIVES AS NOVEL CLASS INHIBITORS AGAINST HELICOBACTER PYLORI UREASE
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim Tijjani , Uzairu Adamu , Sagagi Balarabe
Published: January 2020

In order to develop quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), for predicting antiulcer activity of hydroxamic acid analogues use as dataset and their antiulcer activity were obtained from the literature. Density Functional Theory (DFT) using B3LYP/6-31G* quantum chemical calculation method was used to find the optimized geometry of the studied compounds. Eight types of molecular descriptors were used to find out the relation between antipeptic ulcer (APU) activity and structural properties. Relevant molecular descriptors were selected by Genetic Function Algorithms (GFA). The best model obtained was given a distinct validated, good and robust statistical parameters which include; square correlation coefficient R2 value of (0.9989), adjusted determination coefficient, R2adj value of (0.9984), Leave one out cross validation determination coefficient Q2 value of (0.9948) and external validation as predicted determination coefficient R2 value of(0.8409). Molecular docking analysis find out that, the best lead-compound with the higher negative value score of (-8.5 kcal/mol) were formed hydrophobic interaction and H-bonding with amino acid residue between the inhibitors compounds with their respective receptor.
Dysfunctionality of the family environment as one of the reason for recidivism
Authors: Gucwa-Porębska Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

The family as a basic social cell, the first human life environment, plays a fundamental role in securing needs, transferring social patterns and protecting its members. Taking into account the different family models that exist in the modern world, apart from traditional and reconstructed families, we also distinguish dysfunctional families, which does not immediately mean that they are pathological ones. Properly populating parental functions is one of the most important tasks of the family. It is a family that creates educational, caring and socializing environment for a child, where the characteristics of its personality and identity are evolving, as well as social norms are assimilated and associated with adequate sanctions. Family type and model can have a significant impact on the emergence of criminal behavior in adulthood. The author’s studies in the years 2007–2011 show that family relationships are the most significant factor in the biographies of prisoners. Besides, it has been shown that to start criminal activities and subsequent returns to such activities, they correlate with educational problems and numerous addictions in the family (from alcohol, drugs, psychoactive substances, gambling, etc.). The dysfunctions that arise as a result of the socialization process and the building of daily relationships can be linked to the entry into the criminal way of a young man, and thus foster a return to negative habits and recidivism in the future. The article aims to show the relationship between the being brought up in the dysfunctional family and the entrance to a criminal path, which may also be regarded as one of the causes of later recidivism of individuals.
„Doświadczenia macierzyństwa i praktyki żalu” – o żałowaniu macierzyństwa w polskim dyskursie internetowym
Authors: Garncarek Emilia
Published: January 2020

Artykuł ukazuje wpływ kulturowych wzorów macierzyństwa na sposoby wyrażania emocji przez kobiety-matki. Przedstawia wyniki analizy internetowego dyskursu na temat negatywnych postaw wobec macierzyństwa i/lub dzieci/potomstwa. Tekst bazuje na jakościowej analizie treści – wpisów na blogach nieperfekcyjnie.pl, matkawygodna.pl, mamwatpliwosc.pl, internetowej grupie „Żałuję rodzicielstwa”. Podstawę teoretyczną stanowią koncepcje zaliczane do nurtu socjologii interakcjonizmu symbolicznego.