bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management instrumentarium of innovation development of medium-sized industrial enterprises
Authors: Ismagilova L. , Sitnikova L. , Klimova N.
Published: June 2017

The article is devoted to the development management of industrial enterprises related to medium-sized businesses and working in the field of product innovation. In the article there were investigated the methods and management features, the factors, constraining innovation processes in industrial companies. The theoretical background of solving innovation development and maintaining economic stability contradictions were identified. The results of the comparative assessment of small and medium-sized enterprises were unveiled. In paper there were revealed the features and benefits of the transition to the innovative products. A method of positioning matrix and the typology of enterprises in terms of economic sustainability and innovation were proposed. There was worked out a graph-analytical management tool for middle-sized industrial enterprises on the basis of a balance of innovative activity and economic sustainability. For a given industrial enterprise there was formed an effectively balanced portfolio of products at different stages of the life cycle.
Financial capital appraisal in the system of industrial enterprise development management
Authors: Akhtyamov M.K. , Gonchar E.A.
Published: June 2017

The paper studies an objective appraisal of financial capital value in industrial enterprise development management. The authors draw attention to a limited scope of work in the area of financial management under application of a traditional approach to appraisal of enterprise financial capital value and describe a new advanced approach to this problem solving. The paper focuses on reformation of balance sheet statement, in which economic benefit and reserves of financial capital are included by the authors; the author’s methodology for appraisal of financial capital value and its application sphere are denoted. In accordance with a case study, we confirm possibility of more accurate appraisal of enterprise investment opportunities by taking into account economic benefit from reserve of liquidity and borrowing capacity, which increases financial capital value. The practical approval results affirm that application of proprietary methodology for appraisal of financial capital and its elements has practical utility in solving problems of determination of required amount of attracted foreign investments and problems of determination of fair value of company take of an external investor, which are aimed at minimizing risks of corporate ownership dissemination and improving managerial efficiency of an industrial enterprise.
Lean production: experience among Russian organizations
Authors: Bakhracheva Yu.S. , Kayl Ya.Ya.
Published: June 2017

The article gives analysis of the implementation of lean production, one of the basic models of resource management, in the context of the current unstable economic situation in Russia, occurring due to the geopolitical situation in the world. The concept of lean production is defined. The basis for resource management: effective use of available resources, minimization of overall costs, increase profits, maximize the capitalization of the company. Strategic enterprise management based on the optimal allocation of internal resources is the key factor of success. Lean production is widespread in Russia since 2001. However, there are difficulties in the introduction, one reason for which is the “human factor” and the lack of a unified methodology of practical application.
Enterprises’ communication system diagnostics
Authors: Penkova I. , Bodnar A. , Rebezov M.
Published: June 2017

The article is devoted to the issues assessing the development of information and communication technologies. There have been analyzed the level of innovative technologies application in enterprises, as well as their impact on improving the efficiency of organizations’ productivity and management. The analysis allowed us to estimate the level of use of innovative technologies in enterprises in developed, developing and transition economies. The use of information and communication technologies is at a low level. This is evidenced by the interest obtained in the paper and numerical characteristics on such indicators as the average level of use of fixed telephone lines, the average number of Internet users, and the use of broadband Internet lines and mobile phones. The article shows the effect of the level of use of information and communication technologies to improve the efficiency of production and management of enterprises. There was a relationship between the number of companies using different types of information and communication technologies on their size. The analysis of indicators for micro and small enterprises. The dependence between the amount of use in its activities by domestic enterprises Web site and e-mail on their size. A parallel with similar enterprises in developing countries , using in the various activities of information and communication technology and having an overall yield 5.1% higher as opposed to those who do not use them.
Development of industry in Far East of Russia based on use of innovative investment attraction practice
Authors: Solovev Denis B. , Merkusheva Alena E.
Published: June 2017

The article considers the issues relevant at the present stage of economic development of the Far East of the Russian Federation. One of instruments of this economic development of the region is forming the territories of the advancing development which can be considered as one of the possible ways of interaction of industrial enterprises of the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District with partners from the Asia-Pacific states. The features of the territories of the advancing development, the criteria for classification of the subjects of the Far East as the territories of the advancing development, and the main preferences for the residents of these territories are noted. The algorithms for the estimation of prospects of the activities of the territories of the advancing development are also given in the article. Based on the conducted theoretical researches, the criteria for evaluation of the efficiency of activities of the territories of the advancing development are determined. Based on the analysis of the criteria, a mathematical model for the estimation of efficiency of advancing development territories activities was developed, which clearly demonstrated that in the current economic environment the optimum quantity of the territories of the advancing development in the Far East, securing the maximum performance indicator of their activities, is 8.
Trends in Hip Resection Arthroplasty in the Medicare Patient Population from 2005 to 2012
Authors: Merose Omri , Zachwieja Erik , Rosas Samuel , Kurowicki Jennifer , Grau Luis , Hernandez Victor
Published: June 2017

Hip resection arthroplasty (HRA) is a relatively uncommon, yet viable surgical procedure originally developed by Girdlestone for osteomyelitis of the proximal femur. Currently, HRA is primarily indicated as a salvage procedure after a failed total hip arthroplasty. Despite a continuous rise in the rates of primary and revision hip arthroplasty, there is a lack of published evidence regarding the extent of HRA's current use and its recent trends. We sought to provide an epidemiological description of the recent utilization patterns of HRA in the United States. A level of evidence IV, retrospective case series review of the entire Medicare files between 2005 and 2012 was conducted through the use of current procedural terminology codes and International Classification of Disease ninth edition codes. Linear regressions and chi-square tests were used for analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed by patient age. The total number of HRAs performed between 2005 and 2012 significantly decreased from 4,248 to 3,872 (p = 0.025). There was a significant increase in the annual incidence of HRA among patients younger than 65 years (p = 0.027; 9% increase) and patients 65 to 69 years old (p = 0.007; 22% increase), constituting 43% of the total patients. There was a significant decrease in HRA incidence among patients 80 to 84 years old (p = 0.001; 32% decrease) and patients 85 years old and over (p = 0.002; 24% decrease). Geographic analysis demonstrated the most HRA procedures were performed in the South, whereas gender focused analysis demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in HRA incidence for females (p = 0.003; 6% decrease) and a significant increase in incidence for males (p = 0.003; 7% increase). The overall annual incidence of HRA performed in the Medicare patient population has significantly decreased in recent years. However, this conceals an increased incidence among the relatively younger patient population. Potential causes for these opposing trends include changes in rates of revision surgery, alternative indications for surgery, advances in hardware, and surgeon expertise. This was a level of evidence IV, retrospective case series study.
Der Stroop-Interference-NoGo-Test (STING) – Ein schnelles Screeningverfahren zur globalen Erfassung neuropsychologischer Beeinträchtigungen
Authors: Fehlmann Bernhard , Jokeit Hennric
Published: June 2017

Hintergrund Mit dem Stroop-Interference-NoGo-Test (STING) legen wir ein Screening-Instrument vor, das der zeitökonomischen und sensitiven Erfassung von kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen dient. Entstanden ist das Vorhaben dieser Testentwicklung vor dem Hintergrund einer weiteren Ökonomisierung von Diagnostik und Therapie in Spitälern und Praxen einerseits und der gestiegenen Bedeutung kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen für die Lebensqualität und die berufliche Integration andererseits. Etablierte kognitive Screeningverfahren wie MoCA, MMSE oder CAMCOG erfordern einen höheren zeitlichen Aufwand oder sind nur eingeschränkt sensitiv bezüglich leicht bis mittelgradiger Beeinträchtigungen in bedeutsamen Domänen.

Methoden Dem STING-Test liegt die Idee eines Omnibus-Tests zugrunde. Er integriert attentionale, lexikalisch-semantische, Speed- und inhibitorische Komponenten. Dabei werden eine individuelle sensomotorische Basiskomponente und eine höhere kognitiv/exekutive Komponente getrennt erhoben und erlauben, eine kognitive von einer unspezifisch generalisierten oder rein sensomotorischen Beeinträchtigung zu differenzieren. Der Test wurde an einer Stichprobe von 907 Probanden, aufgeteilt nach Alter und Bildung, normiert. Seine Diskriminationsleistung wurde untersucht an 64 Patienten (32 M, 32 F) mit vorwiegend leichten bis moderaten neuropsychologischen Auffälligkeiten.

Ergebnisse Die Merkmalskonstanz liegt im Wesentlichen bei r = .82–.95, die Bedingungskonstanz in parallelen Messungen bei r = .82–.91. Die Zeitkonstanz wird in einer Teilstichprobe niedriger (r = .48–.81) geschätzt. Übungseffekte treten im moderaten Rahmen auf (7–12 %). Der STING weist Zusammenhänge mit verwandten Testverfahren auf, wobei er sich von reinen Intelligenztests abgrenzt. Für die Alterskategorie von 12 – 34 Jahren erwies sich die Anzahl korrekt bearbeiteter Items im komplexeren zweiten Testteil als geeignetster Klassifikator in Bezug auf klinische Auffälligkeit, mit einer Sensitivität von 83% und einer Spezifität von 47 %. Zwischen 35 und 64 Jahren wurde die Diskriminationsleistung durch die Kombination mit dem Verhältnis aus den beiden Testteilen verbessert, welches kognitive Kosten des Aufgabenwechsels repräsentiert. Einer Sensitivität von 71 % steht hier eine Spezifität von 70 % gegenüber.

Diskussion Insgesamt erweist sich der STING als Screeningverfahren zur globalen Erfassung kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen als hinreichend sensitiv. Ein auffälliges Ergebnis ersetzt nicht eine neuropsychologische Untersuchung, sondern indiziert diese. Damit geben wir klinisch tätigen Neurologen, Psychologen und Psychiatern ein Werkzeug an die Hand, das es ihnen gestattet, auch leicht- bis mittelgradige transiente oder chronische Funktionseinbußen kognitiver Leistungen zu objektivieren und im zeitlichen Verlauf zu kontrollieren.
Klinische Bewährung von überkronten Zähnen anhand von parodontalen Parametern
Authors: Rehmann Peter , Schmidt Yvonne , Wöstmann Bernd
Published: June 2017

Einleitung In Studien zu überkronten Zähnen wird unter anderem wiederholt ein negativer Einfluss mangelhafter Restaurationen auf das umliegende parodontale Gewebe beschrieben. Daraus ergibt sich die Frage, welchen langfristigen Einfluss auf parodontale Parameter die Versorgung von Zähnen mit regelrecht ausgeführten Kronen- und Brückenkonstruktionen ausübt.

Material und Methode Bei 3 Kohorten von Patienten, die mit festsitzendem Zahnersatz versorgt wurden, erfolgte eine Dokumentation der parodontalen Parameter „Sondierungstiefe“, „Attachment Level (AL)“, „Sondierungsblutung bzw. Bleeding on Probing (BOP)“ sowie „Plaquebefall“ an überkronten und nicht überkronten bzw. gesunden Kontrollzähnen. Die statistische Auswertung hatte eine Messwiederholungsanalyse bezüglich der Faktoren Zeit und Gruppe bzw. Zähne (gesund bzw. nicht überkront/überkront) zum Inhalt.

Ergebnisse Die regelgerecht ausgeführten Konstruktionen zeigten im Vergleich zu nicht versorgten Kontrollzähnen kaum Unterschiede (p > 0,05) bei den untersuchten parodontalen Parametern. Lediglich beim Parameter „Sondierungstiefe“ konnten Unterschiede (p < 0,0005) zwischen den ersten beiden Patientengruppen festgestellt werden. Allerdings waren die aufgefundenen Differenzen mit durchschnittlich 100 – 250 µm so gering, dass eine klinische Relevanz eher nicht erkennbar ist.

Schlussfolgerung Regelrecht ausgeführte Kronen- und Brückenkonstruktionen üben kaum einen Einfluss auf das umliegende parodontale Gewebe aus.
Das Akustikusneurinom – die flugmedizinische Entscheidungsfindung
Authors: Knöffler Andreas
Published: June 2017

Das Akustikusneurinom ist eine seltene Erkrankung im HNO-Bereich, die erfordert, dass die Ursache einer in der Regel seitendifferenten Innenohrhörstörung rechtzeitig und umfassend geklärt wird. Je kleiner der in der Regel expansiv wachsende gutartige Tumor bei Diagnosestellung ist, umso geringer sind die funktionellen Störungen und umso größer ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Rückkehr in den fliegerischen Dienst. Der frühzeitigen MRT-Bildgebung des Kleinhirn-Brücken-Winkels kommt hier eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Die Therapie des AN befindet sich derzeit im Umbruch. Während früher nahezu jedes AN operiert wurde, geht nun die Zahl der Operationen zugunsten der Strahlentherapie zurück. Diese verhindert ein Weiterwachsen des Tumors. Derzeit werden Tumoren bis zu einer Größe von 2 cm damit behandelt. Eine „wait and scan“-Therapie kommt für das fliegende Personal eher nicht infrage. Jede seitendifferente Innenohrhörstörung ist bis zum Beweis des Gegenteils ein Akustikusneurinom.
Evaluation of the Value of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) within Radiology Departments in Germany
Authors: Graeter Tilmann , Kratzer Wolfgang , Seufferlein Thomas , Tasdemir Suemeyra , Senguel Aylin , Schmidberger Julian , Graeter Hartmut , Stroszczynski Christian , Beer Meinrad
Published: June 2017

Purpose Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been established for many years and has become an increasingly important cornerstone of the diagnostic imaging of various organ systems. However, this modality is rarely performed by radiologists and is primarily employed by other medical disciplines. The goal of this questionnaire study is to present the current value of CEUS in radiology and to encourage reevaluation of the method within this medical discipline.

Materials and Methods 560 directors of radiology departments throughout Germany were contacted and given a 3-page questionnaire. The questionnaire included 37 questions on 5 different topics (general structures, CEUS and interdisciplinarity, CEUS in pediatric radiology, education/professional development, outlook) to assess the value of ultrasound (US) and in particular CEUS in radiology.

Results The response rate was 42.3 %. A statistical analysis of the answers was performed, including subgroup analysis. Overall, it could be shown that CEUS is performed in comparatively few radiology departments (26.6 %), while the current value of the modality is given an average to high range of importance even by radiologists. More than half of all participating radiologists (54.9 %) would like this method to be included in the requirements catalog for the specialist examination.

Conclusion The nationwide questionnaire to evaluate CEUS within radiology departments in Germany had a very high response rate, which reflects the assessment of this topic by radiologists. There is a substantial discrepancy between the currently low utilization of CEUS in radiology and the high ranking of CEUS by many radiologists. The analyses of the replies point out important aspects of professional policy regarding this topic within the radiology community.

Key points 

Citation Format
Flugangst
Authors: Siedenburg Jörg
Published: June 2017

Angst und Furcht sind notwendig für das Überleben des Individuums, ein Übermaß kann jedoch krankheitsrelevant sein. Angst, Panik und Phobien können schwere Auswirkungen auf psychische Gesundheit und auch soziale Folgen haben. Es gibt verschiedene Therapiemöglichkeiten, insbesondere verhaltenstherapeutische Maßnahmen sind erfolgreich. Flugangst ist eine spezifische Phobie, die das Fliegen zum Gegenstand hat. Sowohl Passagiere als auch Flugbesatzungen können betroffen sein, mit unterschiedlichen Folgen auf Wohlbefinden und berufliches Fortkommen. Circa 30 % der Bevölkerung sollen von Flugangst betroffen sein, die genaue Prävalenz bei fliegendem Personal ist nicht bekannt. Es gibt eine Reihe von standardisierten Behandlungsoptionen, in jüngster Zeit ergänzt durch Methoden der virtual reality oder via Internet.
Interpreter-mediated “paternalistic” interaction in a judge-centered courtroom
Authors: Defrancq Bart , Verliefde Sofie
Published: June 2017

This paper investigates an interpreter’s handling of a distinctive ‘paternalistic’ (followingTates et al. 2002) participation framework in a Belgian criminal court, whereby the defendant is the topic – but not the addressee – of the interaction. The hearing analysed, which was recorded and transcribed, was part of a drugs trial. An experienced court interpreter provided consecutive and whispered interpreting, almost always asymmetrically, so that the French-speaking defendant could follow everything said to/about her in Dutch; the Dutch-speaking bench and counsel listened to the defendant’s French. The paternalistic participation framework seems to prompt various strategies by the interpreter, leading her to disregard major aspects of the code of ethics she works by. First, she sets up a separate participation framework with the defendant as the addressee of the interpretation (the ‘interpreter’s dyad’), systematically using the deictic coordinates of this framework in presenting the court’s interaction. Second, she tends sometimes to position herself in the role of principal, arguably as a result of the dyad arrangement. Finally, though interpretation is required only for the defendant, the latter’s French is occasionally interpreted into Dutch for the court –sometimes at the interpreter’s own initiative, possibly to protect the interests of the defendant in response to a verbal challenge from the judge.
Long-term digital strategy: do it once, do it right
Authors: Batt Chris
Published: June 2017

Purpose

Collecting Institutions in the Network Society is a multidisciplinary PhD study examining present practices and policies of collecting institutions (museums, galleries, libraries and archives) in their use and development of digital technologies, within the context of wider socio-technical change. It investigates whether existing service paradigms are best suited to future digital delivery of services in the emergent network society.

Design/methodology/approach

It uses an interpretive methodological approach creating a body of phenomenological evidence enabling comparison between the organisational context, internal practices, histories and policies of collecting institutions, and the wider socio-technical impact of the internet. Literature reviews provide evidence from the “outer world” of internet developments and impact to establish four generic drivers of internet change. For the “inner world” of collecting institutions, organisational context and research and development on innovation are examined to analyse various perspectives on common approaches to service policy and practice. Additionally, textual analysis of institutional mission statements and policy documents is used to establish the degree of common purpose across collecting institutions and the preparedness of practitioners and policymakers to deal with rapid socio-technical change.

Findings

The evidence is synthesised to define an institutional paradigm describing the present operational processes and practices of collecting institutions. This is compared with the four generic drivers to define opportunities and challenges that collecting institutions face in exploiting the internet. This synthesis demonstrates that the siloised and fragmented nature of the institutional paradigm creates significant barriers to effective exploitation. Evidence from the textual analysis is used to develop a shared mission statement for all collecting institutions as the foundation of a strategic digital future.

Originality/value

The study proposes a radically new service paradigm (the digital knowledge ecology) enabling collecting institutions to achieve maximum user value in their delivery of digital services, and concludes with proposals for actions to build a collective strategy.
Child and adolescent psychopathology: resources for clinicians, researchers, educators, and parents
Authors: Frasier-Robinson Michele
Published: June 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an annotated bibliography of books and journal titles to assist researchers, clinicians, educators and parents in need of information on child and adolescent psychopathology.

Design/methodology/approach

Resources that include a wide range child and adolescent mental disorders were selected. Criteria for book selection was based on those that include evidence-based therapies. Journal titles were selected based on impact factor according to Journal Citation Reports.

Findings

The scholarship on child and adolescent psychopathology is immense. After a review of the literature, 15 books and eight journal titles that reflect the diverse nature of child and adolescent mental health disorders are included.

Originality/value

This is an original bibliography that will be helpful to librarians assisting patrons with information needs about child and adolescent mental health disorders.
A complete thermodynamic analysis of enzyme turnover links the free energy landscape to enzyme catalysis
Authors: Jones Hannah B. L. , Wells Stephen A , Prentice Erica J , Kwok Anthony , Liang Liyin L , Arcus Vickery L , Pudney Christopher R
Published: June 2017

Our understanding of how enzymes work is coloured by static structure depictions where the enzyme scaffold is presented as either immobile, or in equilibrium between well‐defined static conformations. Proteins, however, exhibit a large degree of motion over a broad range of timescales and magnitudes and this is defined thermodynamically by the enzyme free energy landscape (FEL). The role and importance of enzyme motion is extremely contentious. Much of the challenge is in the experimental detection of so called ‘conformational sampling’ involved in enzyme turnover. Herein we apply combined pressure and temperature kinetics studies to elucidate the full suite of thermodynamic parameters defining an enzyme FEL as it relates to enzyme turnover. We find that the key thermodynamic parameters governing vibrational modes related to enzyme turnover are the isobaric expansivity term and the change in heat capacity for enzyme catalysis. Variation in the enzyme FEL affects these terms. Our analysis is supported by a range of biophysical and computational approaches that specifically capture information on protein vibrational modes and the FEL (all atom flexibility calculations, red edge excitation shift spectroscopy and viscosity studies) that provide independent evidence for our findings. Our data suggest that restricting the enzyme FEL may be a powerful strategy when attempting to rationally engineer enzymes, particularly to alter thermal activity. Moreover, we demonstrate how rational predictions can be made with a rapid computational approach.
Control Function Approach for Partly Ordered Endogenous Treatments: Military Rank Premium in Wage
Authors: Ju Young‐Min , Lee Myoung‐Jae
Published: June 2017

In treatment effect analysis, there are many cases where the treatment of interest is ordered (e.g. general‐education years or medicine doses) and the control treatment is not zero, but a different type of treatment (a vocational training or a surgery). We develop an approach to find effects of partly ordered treatments, while correcting for possible treatment endogeneity with nearly parametric control functions. We use this control function approach, along with its supplementary version, to estimate effects of military ranks (ordered treatments) on wage relative to non‐veteran status (control treatment) with the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study data. In our empirical analysis, the military rank effects differ much: officer has large positive effects, but enlisted ranks have small or no effects.
Psychological Symptoms in Late Adolescence and Long‐Term Risk of Suicide and Suicide Attempt
Authors: Hogstedt Carl , Forsell Yvonne , Hemmingsson Tomas , Lundberg Ingvar , Lundin Andreas
Published: June 2017

Mental disorders in the general population are associated with increased risk of suicidality, but less is known about the independent predictive ability of self‐reported psychological symptoms. We followed 49,321 screened and interviewed Swedish conscripts through 36‐year follow‐up to test whether psychological symptoms predicted suicide and hospitalization for suicide attempts. There were 619 suicides and 1,230 suicide attempts during the follow‐up period. After excluding subjects with any psychiatric diagnoses (n = 5,691, 12%) and controlling for other psychological symptoms, severe symptoms of anger, trouble falling asleep, and feeling down predicted suicide. Similarly anger, headaches, feeling down, and nervousness predicted suicide attempt. Self‐reported psychological symptoms may have a predictive value beyond psychiatric diagnosis.
The Impact of Liquidity on GARCH Option Pricing Error during Financial Crisis
Authors: Huang Han Ching , Su Yong Chern , Chen Wei-Shen
Published: June 2017

In this paper, we explore the valuation performance of Heston and Nandi GARCH (HN GARCH) model on the pricing of options of financial stocks listed for AMEX during pre and post financial crisis periods. We find that the GARCH pricing model presents better performance than the traditional Black-Scholes model for the out-of-sample option pricing, no matter what the moneyness and the time-to-maturity. Specifically, the models show the effects of liquidity is not significant. Intuitionally, smaller liquidity tends to exhibit more pricing errors, especially for longer mature options. Unfortunately, we cannot get the expected outcomes, which is that the period of post financial crisis tend to have larger pricing errors. In sum, except more computational convenience, the HN GARCH model offers another vision of the relationship between liquidity and its effect on pricing errors.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus pyogenes Strain M3KCL
Authors: Nicholls Conrrad , Kump Andrew , Ford Sarah , Gonser Rusty , Cho Kyu Hong
Published: June 2017

We present here the draft genome sequence of
Streptococcus pyogenes
strain M3KCL. The assembly contains 1,864,059 bp in 60 contigs. This strain is an M3 strain close to MGAS315 but produces SpeB. It was isolated from the blood of a human patient with an invasive infection in 2009.
Managing Tensions in the East China Sea: What Can China and Japan Do?
Authors: JASH Amrita
Published: June 2017

The growing tension between China and Japan over territoriality and maritime rights in the East China Sea has become one of the biggest potential flashpoints in the bilateral relationship. In no time, the disputed Diaoyu/Senkaku islands have become a great concern for the stability in China-Japan relations. Given the escalating tensions, managing this dispute has become imperative for maintaining bilateral as well as regional peace and stability. .
Editors opine
Authors: Weikle Dee A. B.
Published: June 2017

For the second issue of 2017 we have a short set of three articles. First Swati Agarwal and coauthors analyze bibliographic data to give insight on the different ethnic groups and publishing rates in computer science, in an article titled "Minority Ethnic groups in Computer Science Research." Then in "The Costs and Benefits of Treating the Browser Like an Operating System," Chris Kanich discusses research in the use of ad blockers that give us insight into the use of different browser features. Finally, we have a very timely article from Nancy McGovern from the MIT Libraries entitled "Data Rescue" that updates our community on what is happening in many national archives to preserve data.
Naringin Reverses Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Alterations in Intracerebroventricular Collagenase-Induced Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Singh Navdeep , Bansal Yashika , Bhandari Ranjana , Marwaha Lovish , Singh Raghunath , Chopra Kanwaljit , Kuhad Anurag
Published: June 2017

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) contributes to 10-15% of all strokes and is a high risk factor for morbidity and mortality as compared to other subtypes of stroke, that is, cerebral ischemia and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Oxidative stress (OS)-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal cell death contribute towards the hallmarks of ICH. Spared antioxidant levels, increased inflammatory cytokines and free radicals in ICH lead to neuronal death and exaggerate the hallmarks of ICH. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) collagenase (COL-induced neuronal cell damage and cognitive deficits form a widely recognized experimental model for ICH. Naringin (NGN), a natural antioxidant bioflavonoid, has shown potent neuroprotective effects in different neurodegenerative diseases. However, its potential is least explored in pathological conditions, such as hemorrhagic stroke. This study is aimed at exploring the protective effects of NGN against ICV-COL induced behavioral, neurological and memory deficits in rats. ICV-ICH was induced by single, unilateral intrastriatal injection of COL (1 IU in 2 µL, ICV) over 10 min. From 2nd day onwards, NGN was administered in three different doses (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg; p.o.). Animals were subjected to a battery of behavioral tests to assess behavioral changes, including neurological scoring tests (cylinder test, spontaneous motility, righting reflex, horizontal bar test, forelimb flexion), actophotometer, rotarod, Randall Selitto and von Frey. Poststroke depression and memory deficits were estimated using forced swim test and Morris water maze test, respectively. Poststroke depression, neurological and cognitive deficits were mitigated dose dependently by NGN administration. NGN administration also attenuated the nitro-OS and restored tumor necrosis factor-α and endogenous antioxidant levels. Our research demonstrates that NGN has a protective effect against ICH-induced neurocognitive deficits, along with mitigation of oxido-nitrosative and inflammatory stress.
ПОШИРЕНІСТЬ ТА ПРОЯВИ ВЕСТИБУЛЯРНОЇ ДИСФУНКЦІЇ В ОСІБ ЮНАЦЬКОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Vadzyuk S. N. , Shmata R. M. , Mykhaliuk O. L.
Published: June 2017

Мета: проаналізувати поширеність та прояви вестибулярної дисфункції в осіб юнацького віку.Матеріали і методи. У дослідження були залучені 612 студентів Тернопільського державного медичного університету ім. І.Я. Горбачевського. Для виявлення проявів вестибулярної дисфункції проведено анкетування. Анкета включала 15 запитань, що ґрунтувались на самоспостереженні відносно функціональної активності вестибулярного аналізатора.Результати. За результатами анкетування виявлено 114 осіб з підвищеною чутливістю вестибулярного аналізатора. У них встановлено прояви вестибулярної дисфункції та досліджено частоту окремих її симптомів залежно від статі. Виявлено статеві відмінності у проявах вестибулярної дисфункції. У 63% обстежених з цими відхиленнями встановлено зв’язок між підвищенням частоти запаморочень і зміною погоди.Висновки. У 18,6% осіб юнацького віку спостерігається вестибулярна дисфункція, що має статеві відмінності та взаємозв’язок із метеорологічними умовами.
ВИВЧЕННЯ ПОПИТУ ЩОДО БЕЗПЕРЕРВНОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ ТА ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ СФЕРИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я ДЛЯ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЇХ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНЦІЇ У НАДАННІ ДОПОМОГИ ПАЦІЄНТАМ
Authors: Zakrutko L. , Gorban A. , Filippenkova L. , Myslytskyy O. , Zakrutko A. , Kolhan D.
Published: June 2017

Метою дослідження було вивчення попиту щодо забезпечення медичних фахівців знаннями, інструментами та ресурсами для підвищення їхньої професійної ефективності в наданні медичної допомоги.Матеріали і методи. Проведено опитування науковців у сфері охорони здоров’я України. Використано методи анонімного опитування, статистичний, аналітичний.Результати. У статті розглядаються питання вивчення попиту щодо забезпечення медичних фахівців знаннями, інструментами та ресурсами для підвищення їхньої професійної ефективності у наданні медичної допомоги.Висновки. Отримані дані дозволили дослідити та вийти на обґрунтування існуючої потреби та прогалин щодо інформування, забезпечення та надання якісного інструменту щодо підвищення якості забезпечення та фахової майстерності спеціалістів і, як наслідок, надання якісної медичної допомоги пацієнтам.
Occurrence and conservation of the Indian Leopard (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae: Panthera pardus) in Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir M. Tarik , Ahsan M. Farid , Khatoon Ayesha
Published: June 2017

A study on the occurrence and conservation measures of the Indian Leopard (Panthera pardus Meyer, 1794) was carried out between July 2012 and March 2014, through direct visual observation and sign survey.  This study was an opportunistic finding during biodiversity survey of the Inani Reserved Forest in Cox’s Bazar District of Bangladesh.  The Indian leopard is a less known carnivore species, which has no recent confirmed record in Bangladesh.  Direct observation in one place and the pugmark of leopards were identified from three places of the Inani Reserved Forest.  Maximum and minimum length, and width of the pugmark were 8.7cm and 8.2cm, and 8.7cm and 7.1cm respectively; range of length of heel pad was 5.5cm to 5.0cm.  There was only one sighting record and roaring/growling like haw-a-haw-ahaw howling was also heard once during the field visits.  Illegal encroachments, fire, fuel and timber wood collections, beetle-leaf vineyard, and wildlife poaching are major identified threats for the conservation of the biodiversity of Inani Reserved Forest.
Diversity and new records of intertidal hermit crabs of the genus Clibanarius (Crustacea: Decapoda: Diogenidae) from Gujarat coast off the northern Arabian Sea, with two new records for the mainland Indian coastline
Authors: Kachhiya Pradip , Raval Jatin , Poriya Paresh , Kundu Rahul
Published: June 2017

The present study reports seven hermit crab species of the genus Clibanarius, viz., C. infraspinatus, C. longitarsus, C. rhabdodactylus, C. rutilus, C. signatus, C. virescens, and C. zebra, from the intertidal zone of Gujarat State on the west coast of India.  With the exception of C. zebra, the remaining six species are the first records from the west coast of India, and two species, C. rutilus and C. rhabdodactylus are new records from mainland India.  All the recorded species were found inhabiting rocky, sandy and muddy intertidal habitats.  We have appended the diagnostic descriptions and live coloration of all species based on the observations of our voucher specimens.  Comments are provided where they differ slightly from the published records of that species, enriching the available identification keys for the intertidal hermit crabs of the Indian Ocean.
Wildlife hunting by indigenous people in a Philippine protected area: a perspective from Mt. Apo National Park, Mindanao Island
Authors: Tanalgo Krizler Cejuela
Published: June 2017

Indigenous people play a major role in the conservation of wildlife species in protected areas.  This paper provides an insight on the involvement of indigenous people in protecting and hunting of wildlife species in Mt. Apo National Park, Mindanao Island, Philippines.  Here, I assessed indigenous knowledge and practices towards wildlife hunting from three villages from Mt. Apo through immersions, interviews, and focus group discussion between May 2014 and January 2015.  The majority of wildlife hunters I encountered were male and married between the ages of 35–60 years old.  Commonly hunted wildlife species from the national park included large wildlife species such as the endemic and threatened Philippine Warty Pig Sus philippensis, Philippine Brown Deer Rusa marianna, Common Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus, Reticulated Python Malayopython reticulatus, Common Monitor Lizard Varanus salvator and other large birds such as Rufous Hornbills Buceros hydrocorax, large dove species (i.e., Dacula spp.).  In the past, wildlife hunting was most commonly done for sustenance and culture.  But, poverty and the lack of alternative livelihoods have become a recent motivation to hunt wildlife.  This current findings in this study suggest that wildlife are essential for indigenous people in protected areas, however, hunting practices should be monitored and provide alternative livelihood options to reduce threats.  This study introduced the vital links between local communities and wildlife in protected areas.  Thus, engaging and empowering indigenous people and local communities in wildlife protection combined with appropriate conservation planning are the first steps forward in attaining sustainable and effective local conservation in protected areas.
Pupal shape and size dimorphism in Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Sanchez Elvira , Castillo Daniel , Liria Jonathan
Published: June 2017

Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) is a culicid mosquito associated with the transmission of pathogens causative for dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, Mayaro and other diseases. Several recent studies have proposed that demographic surveys of dengue vector pupae are more useful than traditional larval indices for estimating populations. Geometric morphometrics is a tool for describing phenotypic variation that has been validated for characterizing sexual dimorphism. We undertook to apply this method to describe sexual and morphological dimorphism in A. albopictus pupae. Two-dimensional co-ordinates were digitalized from 60 specimens in two stages using 10 landmarks in pupae and 14 in wings.  Configuration matrices were aligned by generalized procrustes analysis to extract matrix configurations and centroid size (CS).  A discriminant analysis (DA) was used to test group (female or male) membership significance, and non-parametric ANOVA was used for CS differences. We found significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis P < 0.01) among pupal cephalothorax CS and adult wings; female pupae and adults were larger than males. The DA for cephalothorax and wing specimens showed significant differences (Hotelling P < 0.0001) between females and males. Through cross-validation, females and males were correctly classified with greater than 90% accuracy using the conformation characteristics described. Our study is the first description of phenotypic variation of pupal shape and size in A. albopictus laboratory colonies, and the results can be used as an additional tool in dengue entomological survey programs. More studies are necessary to confirm the variation between natural and laboratory populations.
Endowment Studies – Interdisciplinary Perspectives
Authors: Chitwood Zachary , Lohse Tillmann , Sánchez Ignacio , Schmiedchen Annette
Published: June 2017

This article serves as an introduction to the new journalEndowment Studies(ends). Besides laying out the scope and goals of the periodical, it also charts the broader arc of historical scholarship on endowments. More specifically, the development of the research on foundations is summarized in four fields, namely Medieval Studies, Byzantine Studies, Islamic Studies and Indology. Furthermore, a general vocabulary for the core features of foundations is also proposed.
Group-based emotion in group processes and intergroup relations
Authors: Mackie Diane M. , Smith Eliot R.
Published: June 2017

Group-based emotions are experienced as a result of group categorization and group identification. We first review the transformative idea that emotion can occur as a group-level phenomenon driven by group-level processes. We then briefly review the impact of this idea on research about intragroup processes and intergroup relations in the decades since 1998. We conclude by raising some questions whose answers would further extend the reach and predictive power of group-based emotions in both intragroup and intergroup contexts.
Mind the overlap in multiple categorization: A review of crossed categorization, intersectionality, and multiracial perception
Authors: Nicolas Gandalf , de la Fuente Malena , Fiske Susan T.
Published: June 2017

Research on social categorization continues, with one growth area being multiple categorization. Various approaches study questions that, although different in scope and content, potentially tap the same underlying processes. Current models that aim to understand judgments about targets who belong to multiple social groups include algebraic and nonalgebraic models of crossed categorization, as well as theories related to intersectionality and multiracial categorization. The literature on these models and theories highlights some strengths and limitations. The review discusses potential overlap between models that have mostly advanced independently of each other. Future research can take a more encompassing stance to acknowledge this overlap.
The most neglected moderator in group research
Authors: Kerr Norbert L.
Published: June 2017

This paper argues that the group’s task is the most neglected moderator in group research. After offering a broad conception of group task, I draw on various sources to illustrate the powerful moderating role of group task and the field’s broad neglect of this moderation. I conclude with some suggestions for how we might better acknowledge and address the importance of group task for group behavior.
Sugar-Incorporated Chelating Bis-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Palladium Complexes. Synthesis, Structures, and Catalytic Ability for Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water
Authors: Imanaka Yosuke , Nakao Keita , Maeda Yuri , Nishioka Takanori
Published: June 2017

Sugar-incorporated chelating bis-N-heterocyclic carbene ligand precursors 1,1′-bis(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-3,3′-ethylene-diimidazolyl ([(bisNHC-C2)H2]2+) and 1,1′-bis(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-3,3′-propylene-diimidazolyl ([(bisNHC-C3)H2]2+) were synthesized and used to prepare palladium complexes [Pd(bisNHC-C2)Cl2] and [Pd(bisNHC-C3)Cl2], respectively, by direct metallation reaction using dichlorobis(acetonitrile)palladium as a metal source. Catalytic abilities of the complexes for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling in aqueous media were examined and moderate TON (85,000) and TOF (170,000 h−1) were obtained. Because the terminal chloro ligands in the complexes were substituted with solvent molecules or chloride anion and hence 1H NMR spectra of the chloro complexes were complicated, hydrosulfido complexes [Pd(bisNHC-Cn)(SH)2] (n = 2 and 3) were prepared to confirm structures in solution. Dynamic behavior of flapping-wing motion of the bisNHC ligand in [Pd(bisNHC-C3)(SH)2] in solution was evaluated using the signals of the SH protons, which are inequivalent in 1H NMR spectra attributed to the chirality of the glucopyranosyl units.
Buyer-Optimal Learning and Monopoly Pricing
Authors: Roesler Anne-Katrin , Szentes Balázs
Published: June 2017

This paper analyzes a bilateral trade model where the buyer's valuation for the object is uncertain and she observes only a signal about her valuation. The seller gives a take-it-or-leave-it offer to the buyer. Our goal is to characterize those signal structures which maximize the buyer's expected payoff. We identify a buyer-optimal signal structure which generates (i) efficient trade and (ii) a unit-elastic demand. Furthermore, we show that every other buyer-optimal signal structure yields the same outcome as the one we identify: in particular, the same price. (JEL D11, D42, D82, D83, L12)
2017 ISCB Innovator Award: Aviv Regev
Authors: Fogg Christiana N. , Kovats Diane E. , Berger Bonnie
Published: June 2017

2017 marks the second year of the International Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) Innovator Award, which recognizes an ISCB scientist who is within two decades of having completed his or her graduate degree and has consistently made outstanding contributions to the field. The 2017 winner is Dr. Aviv Regev, Professor of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a Core Member and Chair of the Faculty of the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and an HHMI Investigator. Regev will receive her award and deliver a keynote address during International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology/European Conference on Computational Biology (ISMB/ECCB) 2017 in Prague, Czech Republic (July 21 - 25, 2017).
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭТАПОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ПОДЪЯЗЫКА НАУКИ О ЛЕСНЫХ ПОЖАРАХ В РОССИИ, США И КАНАДЕ
Authors: Sofronova Tatiana Markovna
Published: June 2017

Статья посвящена актуальной теме диахронической лингвистики. Предметом исследования являются экстралингвистические и лингвистические факторы развития подъязыка лесной пирологии в русском и английском языках. Автор ставит целью рассмотреть особенности становления пирологической терминологии в ведущих пирологических державах – России, США и канаде. Основу исследования образует сравнительно-исторический метод. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что автор предлагает сопоставимую классификацию этапов развития подъязыка науки о лесных пожарах в русском и английском языках, определяет основные источники пополнения и способы образования пирологической терминологии по рассматриваемым странам. Результаты исследования являются определенным вкладом в область исторического языкознания и могут быть применены для информационного обеспечения вузовских курсов сравнительно-исторического терминоведения.
ЭТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОГО ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЯ И СТУДЕНТОВ В СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЯХ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: Serezhko Tatyana Alekseevna , Kokhan Zhanna Sergeyevna
Published: June 2017

Цель. В статье рассматривается возможность организации общения педагогов высшей школы со студентами в социальных сетях в целях повышения эффективности образовательного процесса и самообразования педагога в аспекте педагогической этики и рефлексии.Метод или методология проведения работы. Основу исследования составляют проблемно-хронологический и теоретико-логический методы, а также дескриптивный (описательный) и проблемный подходы.Результаты. В работе выделен этический аспект проблемы использования социальных сетей как инновационный информационно-коммуникационной технологии в образовательной практике. Современное медиа пространство рассматривается как фактор, изменяющий место вузовского преподавателя в процессе обучения и актуализирующий проблему его медиа-компетенции.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в педагогической деятельности в целях повышения коммуникационной мобильности преподавателя.