bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coral calcifying fluid aragonite saturation states derived from Raman spectroscopy
Authors: DeCarlo Thomas M. , D'Olivo Juan P. , Foster Taryn , Holcomb Michael , Becker Thomas , McCulloch Malcolm T.
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Quantifying the saturation state of aragonite (ΩAr) within the calcifying fluid of corals is critical for understanding their biomineralisation process and sensitivity to environmental changes including ocean acidification. Recent advances in microscopy, microprobes, and isotope geochemistry allow determination of calcifying fluid pH and [CO32−], but direct quantification of ΩAr (where ΩAr =[CO32−][Ca2+]/Ksp) has proved elusive. Here we test a new technique for deriving ΩAr based on Raman spectroscopy. First, we analysed abiogenic aragonite crystals precipitated under a range of ΩAr from 10 to 34, and found a strong dependence of Raman peak width on ΩAr that was independent of other factors including pH, Mg/Ca partitioning, and temperature. Validation of our Raman technique for corals is difficult because there are presently no direct measurements of calcifying fluid ΩAr available for comparison. However, Raman analysis of the international coral standard JCp-1 produced ΩAr of 12.3 ± 0.3, which we demonstrate is consistent with published skeletal Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, B/Ca, δ44Ca, and δ11B data. Raman measurements are rapid (≤ 1 s), high-resolution (
Physiological and biochemical responses of Emiliania huxleyi to ocean acidification and warming are modulated by UV radiation
Authors: Tong Shanying , Hutchins David A. , Gao Kunshan
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Marine phytoplankton such as bloom-forming, calcite-producing coccolithophores, are naturally exposed to solar UV radiation (UVR, 280–400 nm) in the ocean's upper mixed layers. Nevertheless, effects of increasing CO2-induced ocean acidification and warming have rarely been investigated in the presence of UVR. We examined calcification and photosynthetic carbon fixation performance in the most cosmopolitan coccolithophorid, Emiliania huxleyi, grown under high (1000 μatm, HC; pHT: 7.70) and low (400 μatm, LC; pHT: 8.02) CO2 levels, at 15 °C (LT), 20 °C (MT) and 24 °C (HT) with or without UVR. The HC treatment didn't affect photosynthetic carbon fixation at 15 °C, but significantly enhanced it with increasing temperature. Exposure to UVR inhibited photosynthesis, with higher inhibition by UVA (320–395 nm) than UVB (295–320 nm), except in the HC and 24 °C-grown cells, in which UVB caused more inhibition than UVA. Reduced thickness of the coccolith layer in the HC-grown cells appeared to be responsible for the UV-induced inhibition, and an increased repair rate of UVA-derived damage in the HCHT-grown cells could be responsible for lowered UVA-induced inhibition. While calcification was reduced with the elevated CO2 concentration, exposure to UVB or UVA affected it differentially, with the former inhibiting and the latter enhancing it. UVA-induced stimulation of calcification was higher in the HC-grown cells at 15 and 20 °C, whereas at 24 °C, observed enhancement was not significant. The calcification to photosynthesis ratio (Cal / Pho ratio) was lower in the HC treatment, and increasing temperature also lowered the value. However, at 20 and 24 °C, exposures to UVR significantly increased the Cal / Pho ratio, especially in HC-grown cells, by up to 100 %. This implies that UVR can counteract the negative effects of the greenhouse treatment on the Cal / Pho ratio, and so may be a key stressor when considering the impacts of future greenhouse conditions on E. huxleyi.
Does δ18O of O2 record meridional shifts in tropical rainfall?
Authors: Seltzer Alan M. , Buizert Christo , Baggenstos Daniel , Brook Edward J. , Ahn Jinho , Yang Ji-Woong , Severinghaus Jeffrey P.
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Marine sediments, speleothems, paleo lake elevations, and ice core methane and δ18O of O2 (δ18O atm) records provide ample evidence for repeated abrupt meridional shifts in tropical rainfall belts throughout the last glacial cycle. To improve understanding of the impact of abrupt events on the global terrestrial biosphere, we present composite records of δ18O atm and inferred changes in fractionation by the global terrestrial biosphere (ΔɛLAND) from discrete gas measurements in the WAIS Divide (WD) and Siple Dome (SD) Antarctic ice cores. On the common WD timescale, it is evident that maxima in ΔɛLAND are synchronous with or shortly follow WD CH4 peaks assumed to mark abrupt climate responses to Heinrich events. Based on our analysis of the modern seasonal cycle of gross primary productivity (GPP)-weighted δ18O of terrestrial precipitation (the source water for atmospheric O2 production), we propose a simple mechanism by which ΔɛLAND tracks the centroid latitude of terrestrial oxygen production. As intense rainfall and oxygen production migrate northward, ΔɛLAND should decrease due to the underlying meridional gradient in rainfall δ18O. A southward shift should increase ΔɛLAND. Monsoon intensity also influences δ18O of precipitation, and although we cannot determine the relative contributions of the two mechanisms, both act in the same direction. Therefore, we suggest that abrupt increases in ΔɛLAND unambiguously imply a southward shift of tropical rainfall. The exact magnitude of this shift, however, remains under-constrained by ΔɛLAND.
3D topographic monitoring of earth surface deformation using multitemporal UAV photography
Authors: Clapuyt François , Vanacker Veerle , Schlunegger Fritz , Van Oost Kristof
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Accurately assessing geohazards and quantifying landslide risks in mountainous environments gain importance in the context of the on-going global warming. For an in-depth understanding of slope failure mechanisms, accurate monitoring of the mass movement topography at high spatial and temporal resolutions remains essential. The choice of the acquisition framework for high-resolution topographic reconstructions will result from the trade-off between the spatial resolution needed and the extent of the study area. Recent advances in the development of UAV-based (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) image acquisition combined with Structure-from-Motion (SfM) algorithm for 3D reconstruction makes the UAV-SfM framework a competitive alternative to other high-resolution topographic techniques. In this study, we test the performance of the UAV-SfM framework to monitor ground surface displacements at very high spatial and temporal resolution, and apply it to the Schimbrig earthflow located in the foothills of the Central Swiss Alps. We produced distinct topographic datasets for three acquisition dates between 2013 and 2015 in order to conduct a comprehensive 3D analysis of the landslide. Therefore, we computed (1) the horizontal and (2) the 3-dimensional surface displacements, and (3) the sediment budget of the hillslope. The multitemporal UAV-SfM based topographic reconstructions allowed us to quantify rates of sediment redistribution and surface movements. Our data show that the Schimbrig earthflow is very active with mean annual horizontal displacement ranging between 6 and 9 meters. The reconstruction of the dynamic topography at very high spatial resolution reveals the internal mechanisms of the earthflow and its complex rotational structure. Although there are major changes in the internal structure of the earthflow in the 2013–2015 period, the sediment budget of the drainage basin is nearly in equilibrium. As a consequence, our data show that the time lag between sediment mobilization by landslides and enhanced sediment fluxes in the river network can be considerable.
Modeling the water budget of the Upper Blue Nile basin using the JGrass-NewAge model system and satellite data
Authors: Abera Wuletawu , Formetta Giuseppe , Brocca Luca , Rigon Riccardo
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The Upper Blue Nile basin is one of the most data-scarce regions in developing countries, and hence the hydrological information required for informed decision making in water resource management is limited. The hydrological complexity of the basin, tied with the lack of hydrometeorological data, means that most hydrological studies in the region are either restricted to small subbasins where there are relatively better hydrometeorological data available, or on the whole-basin scale but at very coarse timescales and spatial resolutions. In this study we develop a methodology that can improve the state of the art by using available, but sparse, hydrometeorological data and satellite products to obtain the estimates of all the components of the hydrological cycle (precipitation, evapotranspiration, discharge, and storage). To obtain the water-budget closure, we use the JGrass-NewAge system and various remote sensing products. The satellite product SM2R-CCI is used for obtaining the rainfall inputs, SAF EUMETSAT for cloud cover fraction for proper net radiation estimation, GLEAM for comparison with NewAge-estimated evapotranspiration, and GRACE gravimetry data for comparison of the total water storage amounts available in the whole basin. Results are obtained at daily time steps for the period 1994–2009 (16 years), and they can be used as a reference for any water resource development activities in the region. The overall water-budget analysis shows that precipitation of the basin is 1360 ± 230 mm per year. Evapotranspiration accounts for 56 % of the annual water budget, runoff is 33 %, storage varies from −10 to +17 % of the water budget.
NHM-SMAP: Spatially and temporally high resolution
non-hydrostatic atmospheric model coupled with
detailed snow process model for Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Niwano Masashi , Aoki Teruo , Hashimoto Akihiro , Matoba Sumito , Yamaguchi Satoru , Tanikawa Tomonori , Fujita Koji , Tsushima Akane , Iizuka Yoshinori , Shimada Rigen , Hori Masahiro
Published: June 2017

Abstract. To improve surface mass balance (SMB) estimates for the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS), we developed a 5 km resolution regional climate model combining the Japan Meteorological Agency Non-Hydrostatic atmospheric Model and the Snow Metamorphism and Albedo Process model (NHM-SMAP) with an output interval of 1 h, forced by the Japanese 55year Reanalysis (JRA-55). We used in situ data to evaluate NHM-SMAP in the GrIS during the 2011–2014 mass balance years. We investigated two options for the lower boundary conditions of the atmosphere, an "off-line" configuration using snow/firn/ice albedo and surface temperature data from JRA-55 and an "on-line" configuration using values from SMAP. The on-line configuration improved model performance in simulating 2 m air temperature, suggesting that the surface analysis provided by JRA-55 is inadequate for the GrIS and that SMAP results can better simulate snow/firn/ice physical conditions. It also reproduced the measured features of the GrIS climate, diurnal variations, and even a meso-scale strong wind event. In particular, it reproduced the GrIS surface melt area extent well. Sensitivity tests showed that the choice of calculation schemes for vertical water movement in snow and firn has an effect as great as 200 Gt year–1 in the GrIS-wide accumulated SMB estimates; a scheme based on the Richards equation provided the best performance.
António Almodovar: Um amigo e um colega
Authors: Bastien Carlos
Published: June 2017

Presentación
Sexo, raza, clase y etnografía de los movimientos sociales. Herramientas metodológicas para una perspectiva interseccional
Authors: Dunezat Xavier
Published: June 2017

Privilegiando el enfoque francés de la consustancialidad de los rapports sociaux, este artículo propone relacionar los desafíos teóricos de la interseccionalidad con el trabajo empírico de cartografía social. ¿Cómo observar y categorizar sobre el terreno cuando intersecciona(n) clase, raza y sexo/género como dinámicas de diferenciación social? A la luz del feminismo materialista y constructivista, el artículo sostiene que el enfoque interseccional es muy heurístico para medir la diversidad dentro de un movimiento social, como lo ilustra con un “colectivo de apoyo a los sin-papeles”. Finalmente, muestra que la mirada etnográfica está expuesta a formas de descontrol esencialista cuando se posa en las pertenencias de sexo o de raza y hace algunas propuestas para limitar tal descontrol.
Reseña/Review (Prieto, R. R.; Cabezudo, F. M., "Poder e Internet. Un análisis crítico de la Red". Madrid: Cátedra, ISBN: 9788437635101, 327 págs., 2016)
Authors: Rendueles César
Published: June 2017

Reseña/Review (Prieto, R. R.; Cabezudo, F. M., "Poder e Internet. Un análisis crítico de la Red". Madrid: Cátedra, ISBN: 9788437635101, 327 págs., 2016)
Evaluation of rabbit meat microbiota from the viewpoint of marketing method
Authors: Cwiková Olga , Pytel Roman
Published: June 2017

Microbiological analysis was performed on carcasses of rabbits coming from domestic slaughter, purchased at butcher shops, vacuum-packaged and purchased in supermarkets, as well as frozen. The total number of analysed rabbits was 20. For all samples the following microbiological parameters were determined: total microorganisms count (TAC), the count of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), psychrotropic microorganisms, moulds and yeasts, as well as bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Total microorganisms count was the highest (p <0.05) in rabbit meat from butcher shops (5.34 log CFU.g-1). The counts of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in rabbit meat originating from domestic breeding was 2.58 log CFU.g-1, in vacuum-packaged rabbits 3.18 log CFU.g-1, in frozen rabbits 2.29 log CFU.g-1, and in rabbit meat purchased from butcher shops 3.58 log CFU.g-1. The highest count (p <0.05) of Enterobacteriaceae was observed in samples from butcher shops, namely 2.91 log CFU.g-1. In contrast the lowest count (p <0.05) was in rabbit meat from home slaughtering at 1.47 log CFU.g-1 and in frozen ones at 1.36 log CFU.g-1. The lowest counts (p <0.05) of moulds and yeasts were observed in rabbit meat from domestic slaughter, namely 1.12 log CFU.g-1. The highest counts (p <0.05) were in rabbit meat from butcher shops 2.97 log CFU.g-1. The highest counts (p <0.05) of psychrotrophic microorganisms were detected in rabbit meat from butcher shops, namely 4.98 log CFU g-1 and the lowest ones (p <0.05) in the meat of domestically slaughtered rabbits at 2.52 log CFU.g-1. In all monitored microbiological indicators, we have found differences (p <0.05) in their counts on the surface and inside the muscle tissue, both on the front and rear parts of the rabbit carcass
The effect of dha omega-3 feeding in the high yielding holstein herd
Authors: Karcol Juraj , Kasarda Radovan , Šimko Milan , Hanušovský Ondrej
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of supplementary feeding of DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) rich algae product (Algae STM Alltech Inc.) on production of milk, fat and protein as well as on reproduction of high yielding Holstein dairy herd. Field trial was set up on Top 10 dairy farm in western part of Slovakia, under commercial conditions. The data of high yielding dairy cows, separated in two groups of 30 (control) and 29 (trial) animals, were recorded for period of 3 subsequent months from October to December 2015. Animals were fed once a day Total Mixed Ration based diet with different feed mixture composition in trial group (+100 g Algae STM Alltech Inc. per cow and day). Performance data were collected in accordance with official milk recording system of Breeding Services of Slovak Republic s. e. and milk samples were collected once per month according to the A4 standard methodology. The control group showed higher level of milk production compared to trial. Our study indicated that the feeding of algae caused milk fat depression and generally lower protein content in milk. Significant impact of algae feeding was found also for the level of urea in milk. In addition, the supplementary feeding of DHA may represent effective strategy to increase the percentage of pregnancies per inseminations in lactating dairy cows.
O kãchi no MAE/UFPR: sobre uma experiência de curadoria compartilhada
Authors: Lima Edilene Cofacci de
Published: June 2017

Apresento neste artigo os diálogos e negociações que tiveram lugar entre os curadores durante a concepção e realização da exposição Kãchi, realizada no Museu de Etnologia e Arqueologia da Universidade Federal do Paraná (MAE/UFPR). Montada a partir de uma curadoria compartilhada que reuniu a autora e dois katukina, a exposição buscou apresentar os jogos de barbante (ou camas-de-gato) que conheceu durante seu trabalho de campo na década de 1990.
O museu, o índio e a musealização do objeto
Authors: Carvalho Josué
Published: June 2017

A proposta desse artigo nasce com intuito de saber mais sobre a descoberta dos museus pelo índio e sua participação como agente ativo no processo de musealização de sua cultura tradicional, material e imaterial. No percurso do estudo visa-se identificar e discorrer sobre os caminhos para formação de uma coleção: o quê e como é musealizável na perspectiva de índios kaingang da Terra Indígena Nonoai, situada no município de Nonoai, Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para tanto, o estudo aborda as concepções indígenas de museu e de exposições como forma de narrativas e o quê do grupo é passível de musealização. O desafio metodológico que se coloca recai sobre o “pesquisador indígena”, responsável pelo projeto em pauta, ao pesquisar sua própria cultura e o museu como local de memórias, artefatos e objetos. A contribuição da pesquisa volta-se à constituição de museu como espaço de participação e autonarrativas com a perspectiva de como a musealização com o “outro” traz para o campo da museologia no presente.
Mediação e Imediatismo: formas sensoriais, ideologias semióticas e a questão do meio
Authors: Meyer Birgit
Published: June 2017

Tomando como ponto de partida o paradoxo de que imediatismo não é anterior, mas antes um produto damediação, esse artigo argumenta que a negociação de tecnologias mediáticas recentes é um elemento-chave paraa transformação da religião. Invocada para autorizar a experiência de poderes espirituais como imediatos e reais, amídia tende a “desaparecer” ou se tornar “hiper-aparente” no ato da mediação. Argumento que entender a mídiacomo intrínseca à religião exige uma crítica fundamental das abordagens, tanto da religião quanto da mídia, quepropõem uma oposição entre mídia e imediatismo.
Entrelaçados pelos Kãchi: perspectivas de uma curadoria compartilhada
Authors: Marisa Rodrigues; Ramiro Gabriel Garcia Douglas Fróis, Mariana Zarpellon,
Published: June 2017

O ensaio apresenta as relações de alteridade que se estabeleceram em abril de 2015, durante o processo de curadoriacompartilhada que resultou na mostra “Kãchi Katukina”, que permaneceu de cerca de um ano exposta no Museude Arqueologia e Etnologia (MAE) da UFPR, em Paranaguá. Kãchi é a forma como o povo indígena Katukina, doAcre nomeia um jogo de barbante que, a partir de entrelaçamentos semelhantes as “camas de gato” resultam emformas que fazem referência à anatomia de animais e vegetais. A partir da articulação inicial da professora EdileneCoffaci de Lima (DEAN / UFPR), os trabalhos foram desenvolvidos por Mame (Nivaldo Rodrigues) e Wisi (FábioSilva), katukinas praticantes do Kãchi e curadores da exposição, alunos de graduação da UFPR e servidores etécnicos do MAE.
Fantasia (1940), Walt Disney e a imprensa no Estado Novo
Authors: Franz Nayara Régis
Published: June 2017

O cinema está inserido nas mediações culturais desde as primeiras décadas do século XX e quando analisado na forma de documento histórico, nos auxilia na compreensão de imagens e representações de seu tempo. Durante o final da década de 1930 e início de 1940, a indústria cinematográfica estadunidense estava quase que inteiramente voltada para os esforços da Segunda Guerra Mundial, assim como para a Política de Boa Vizinhança que os Estados Unidos exerciam na América Latina. Hollywood produzia filmes, séries, animações e propagandas para o governo estadunidense divulgar o American Way of Life no continente. Nesse contexto, Walt Disney atuou como um dos principais embaixadores da Política de Boa Vizinhança no Brasil, quando esteve no país em agosto de 1941, patrocinado pelo Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, o OCIAA, para promover o lançamento da animação Fantasia (1940) nas capitais do Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo. O nosso principal objetivo neste trabalho é analisar parte do processo de hegemonia estadunidense no Brasil a partir de alguns meios de comunicação e cultura, que preconizavam a democracia mediante um discurso de modernidade e civilização. A partir de alguns periódicos nacionais da época, podemos analisar a recepção da mídia brasileira em relação à Walt Disney e Fantasia que, assim como o cinema, atuaram não apenas como meios, mas também como mediações entre os interesses dos governos estadunidense e brasileiro.
As mudanças do cinema hollywoodiano nos anos 1980: produção, narrativa e o cinema Blockbuster na Era Reagan
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Candido da
Published: June 2017

Entre fins dos anos 1970 e durante os 1980, o cinema hollywoodiano passou por um processo de transformação. Ela aconteceu em vários aspectos e teve como um de seus alicerces, um processo de mudanças econômicas, que se deram tanto na sociedade estadunidense (especialmente durante a Era Reagan), quanto no interior de uma indústria cinematográfica em vias de redefinição de seus mercados; e mudanças na estrutura administrativa dos estúdios e das formas de exibição. Já nos anos 1970, as perspectivas econômicas dos principais estúdios Hollywoodianos começaram a se redefinir, em um processo de integração vertical e horizontal, ou seja, integrando diferentes etapas da produção, distribuição e exibição cinematográfica; bem como o elo com empresas de diferentes ramos do entretenimento. Tal processo foi acelerado com as políticas econômicas implementadas pelo governo de Ronald Reagan. A partir de uma compreensão desse contexto, o presente trabalho tem a finalidade de traçar um panorama sobre os impactos de tais mudanças para o cinema hollywoodiano. Assim, a partir da constatação de transformações em aspectos estruturais da indústria cinematográfica, busca-se compreender as mudanças no âmbito da produção em Hollywood: como a mudança do público-alvo, e o redimensionamento dos investimentos financeiros nas produções (com o surgimento dos Blockbusters); bem como as mudanças de ordem narrativa nos filmes: como no ritmo dos cortes, na condensação das narrativas (os chamados rollercoaster movies), e a ênfase em alguns gêneros cinematográficos (como ficção científica, horror, ação, entre outros).
Desenvolvimento Local: o caso da comunidade piscatória de São Pedro – Ilha de São Vicente
Authors: Cruz Iolanda da
Published: June 2017

O presente ensaio pretende expor a questão do desenvolvimento local, a onde foi analisado como a população local esta inserida no processo de desenvolvimento, e qual o papel de determinados agentes na execução de projectos ou programas de desenvolvimento local. Trata-se de associações local, políticas públicas, Entidades e ONG´s que trabalham nessa comunidade piscatória, analisando se existe alguma articulação entre as mesmas na programação e execução de actividades e projectos visando o melhoramento das condições de vida da população local. Uma analise tendo como pano de fundo a comunidade piscatória de São Pedro, na Ilha de São Vicente.
A missão social da UTFPR desde sua fundação e os silêncios quanto às desigualdades raciais
Authors: Vanali Ana Crhistina , Kominek Andrea Maila Voss
Published: June 2017

A presente pesquisa visa conhecer as bases de fundação da atual Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) para, a partir do resgate de sua história e origens, compreender a “missão social” que se propôs e refletir sobre a implementação desta missão ao longo de sua história e suas transformações ao longo do tempo. Num primeiro momento, realiza-se a análise das legislações que permitiram a criação da Escola de Aprendizes e Artífices; suas transformações em CEFET-PR; e posteriormente, em UTFPR. Tendo em vista a missão social assumida pela instituição desde sua fundação, a pergunta que norteia da análise das informações coletadas, visa investigar se este espaço de ensino profissional, técnico e tecnológico constituíram um espaço de desconstrução de desigualdades sociais quanto a uma temática específica: as desigualdades raciais. Num segundo momento, investiga-se, através da análise dos dados institucionais disponíveis, a possibilidade de compreender este espaço de ensino como espaço de inclusão de uma comunidade tradicionalmente excluída e desatendida socialmente: as comunidades negras. Num terceiro momento, discute-se a atualidade da “missão social” de fundação e faz-se uma breve reflexão sobre a implementação do sistema de cotas raciais na UTFPR. Finaliza-se o artigo com indicações de aspirações possíveis a serem conquistadas na desconstrução das desigualdades raciais na instituição.
O Legado Belinati
Authors: Silva Luan Leite da
Published: June 2017

O legado Belinati
SOUZA, Jessé. A Tolice da Inteligência Brasileira: ou como o país se deixa manipular pela elite. São Paulo: Editora Leya, 2015. 272 páginas.
Authors: Barbosa Marco Aurélio
Published: June 2017

SOUZA, Jessé. A Tolice da Inteligência Brasileira: ou como o país se deixa manipular pela elite. São Paulo: Editora Leya, 2015. 272 páginas.
Influence of temperature and photoperiod on the germination of Senegalia bahiensis seeds
Authors: Lima Thâmara Moura , Mendonça Andrea Vita Reis , Paixão Cristiane Costa da , Freitas Teresa Aparecida Soares de , Moreira Ricardo Franco Cunha
Published: June 2017

Senegalia bahiensis (Fabaceae family, Mimosoideae subfamily) is typical of an anthropic environment, and thus tolerates high levels of disturbance, which supports its use in restoration planting. However, widespread use and marketing of S. bahiensis seeds requires seed quality control, for which there is a dearth of protocols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of temperature and photoperiod on the germination of Senegalia bahiensis seeds from different matrix trees. Seeds were collected from fruits of 15 matrix trees in the municipality of Castro Alves, Bahia, Brazil. Two assays were performed, one for each parameter tested. The experimental design of both assays was completely randomized in a factorial design, and included three replicates of 25 seeds. The design of the first assay was 15 (matrix trees) × 3 (conditions - 25°C, 30°C and alternating temperatures between 25 and 30°C) and the design of the second assay was 14 (matrix trees) × 3 (conditions - 8 or 12 hours of light, or continuous light). The percentage of germination of normal seedlings, germination speed index, mean root length based on total seed number, shoot length, root length and total length were determined. The Tukey's test was used to compare mean values. The S. bahiensis matrix trees used in this study have different requirements in terms of temperature and photoperiod for seed germination. According to our findings, combining a temperature of 30°C and an 8 h period of light conveys the most suitable conditions to conduct germination tests for most matrix trees.
Selectivity of the herbicide linuron sprayed in pre-emergence and post-early in carrot
Authors: Correia Núbia Maria , Carvalho Agnaldo Donizete Ferreira de
Published: June 2017

Herbicide application is a method for weed control in carrot crops. However, the choice of the chemical treatment (herbicide, association of products, dose, and time of application) should consider its selectivity to the crop. It is desired to analyze the selectivity of linuron for carrot plants, when sprayed on pre-emergence and post-early cultivated plants. Two experiments were carried out in the field in an area of the commercial production of carrots, one with the Verano cultivar and the other with BRS Planalto. Both experiments included an experimental design with randomized blocks in a factorial 2 x 4 + 1 with six and four replications for the experiments with Verano and BRS Planalto, respectively. The herbicide linuron (675 and 990 g a.i. ha-1) was sprayed at four times, counting from the carrot sowing day: in the pre-emergence of the crop at 0, 3, and 6 days after sowing (DAS) and in the post-early emergence at 9 DAS, when the plants had 1 or 2 cotyledons. An untreated control was maintained as an additional treatment. Linuron was selective for the carrot plant cultivars Verano and BRS Planalto, in both doses tested, when sprayed in the pre-emergence, up to six days after sowing, and in the post-early (plants with 1 or 2 cotyledon leaves) at nine days after sowing.
Prospecting for sludge bacteria from a poultry slaughterhouse, with potential for degrading organic substances
Authors: Lozada Jorge Avelino Rodriguez , Silveira Klever Cristiano , Silva Libério Junio da , Baldotto Marihus Altoé , Baldotto Lílian Estrela Borges
Published: June 2017

The sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants of slaughterhouses is a rich source of chemical, organic, and microbiological constituents that can be biotechnologically exploited. The purpose of this study was to (i) conduct a chemical analysis of the sludge, and (ii) isolate, quantify, and describe the amylolytic, cellulolytic, ligninolytic, proteolytic, and keratinolytic bacteria in the sludge. Sludge samples were collected at the wastewater treatment plant of the Francap SA poultry company. The nutrient contents, C/N ratio, and pH were determined. For the bacterial count, 10 g sludge was diluted in 90 mL saline solution, which was serially diluted to 10-12. Aliquots of 100 µL of each dilution were transferred to selective media for isolation of bacteria that degrade organic substances. The colony-forming units were determined for each culture medium. Individual colonies were purified and characterized morphologically. The sludge contained 9.5, 1.21, and 0.45 dag kg-1 of N, P, and K, respectively. Fifty-two isolates were purified and characterized, with 2.11 × 1012 to 9.55 ×1015 colony-forming units per g sludge. In conclusion, the sludge generated in poultry slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plants is a rich source of organo-mineral constituents and bacteria with biotechnological potential for degrading organic substances.
Preoperative epidural administration of lidocaine-methadone or lidocaine-fentanyl in female dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Oliveira Kalyne Danielly Silva de , Henrique Fernanda Vieira , Felipe Gracineide Da Costa , Medeiros Lyllian Karlla Gomes de , Rego Renato Otaviano do , Alves Alane Pereira , Parentoni Roberta Nunes , Souza Almir Pereira de , Nóbrega Neto Pedro Isidro da
Published: June 2017

We compared the analgesia and cardiopulmonary changes induced by epidural methadone or fentanyl in combination with lidocaine in female dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy and anesthetized with propofol. Eighteen female dogs were randomly assigned to two groups and given either methadone (0.3 mg kg?¹) + 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor (LM) or fentanyl (5 µg kg?¹) + 2% lidocaine without vasoconstrictor (LF). The drugs were administered epidurally in a volume of 0.25 ml kg?¹. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and blood glucose levels were recorded before and 15 minutes after premedication (T0 and T1); 15 minutes after epidural administration (T2); five minutes after dermotomy (T3); five minutes after clamping of the ovarian pedicle (T4); five minutes and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours (T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, and T11, respectively) after surgery. The number of additional propofol injections and total propofol dose (mg kg?¹) were recorded. Analgesia was assessed using a numerical descriptive scale. SBP and HR were similar in both groups, but hypotension was detected in animals from both groups at different times. Respiratory rate decreased significantly at T6 in the LF group and was lower than in the LM group. Hypothermia was observed in animals from both groups, but RT was significantly lower than baseline values only at T4 in the LM group. Blood glucose levels increased significantly only in the LF group at T4, T7, and T8. All animals in the LF group and eight animals in the LM group required additional propofol injections at T4, but no significant differences were detected in the number of propofol injections and total propofol dose between the LF (3 ± 1 injections, 7.5 ± 4.5 mg kg?¹) and LM (2 ± 2 injections, 4.5 ± 3.4 mg kg?¹) groups. The latency period, anesthetic period, and the duration of surgery were similar in both groups. No animals required rescue analgesia. The lidocaine-methadone and lidocaine-fentanyl combinations caused minimal cardiorespiratory changes, but did not abolish pain at the time of handling of the ovarian pedicle.
Influence of commercially available follicle stimulating hormone on the in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes
Authors: Santos Maria Valéria De Oliveira , Queiroz Neta Luiza Bento de , Borges Alana Azevedo , Pereira Alexsandra Fernandes
Published: June 2017

The work aimed (Experiment I) to compare commercial representations of porcine follicle stimulating hormone (FSH, Pluset® vs. Folltropin®) in concentration (10 ?g/mL) and time (24 h) standard (more used in protocols of in vitro maturation, IVM); (Experiment II) to evaluate the best incubation time (6 h vs. 16 h vs. 24 h) and, (Experiment III) analyze varying concentrations (1.0 ?g/mL vs. 2.5 ?g/mL vs. 10.0 ?g/mL) of representations of FSH on the IVM of bovine oocytes. Thus, oocytes were recovered and submitted to IVM under appropriate conditions. After the IVM, oocytes were evaluated for expansion of cumulus cells (CCs), presence of the first polar body (1PB) and metaphase plate (MII). All the data were analyzed by the Fisher exact test (P < 0.05). Initially, in Experiment I, no difference (P > 0.05) was observed in maturation rates of the oocytes incubated with FSH Pluset® or Folltropin®, assessed by expansion of CCs (97.6% vs. 94.3%), presence of 1PB (76.6% vs. 69.4%) and MII (70.0% vs. 68.6%). In Experiment II, when the incubation time with FSH was evaluated, both Pluset® as Folltropin® showed lower rate of expansion of CCs when they were present only in the first 6 h of IVM. As for presence of 1PB, differences were observed in relation to Pluset® while Folltropin® showed similar results in all incubation times. Regarding the MII, no difference was observed between the incubation times with FSH Pluset® and Folltropin®. In Experiment III, no difference was observed in the expansion of CCs, presence of 1PB and MII for concentrations evaluated FSH Pluset® and Folltropin®. Therefore, the FSH Pluset® and Folltropin® have the same efficiency in IVM of bovine oocytes. Regarding the incubation time, it is recommended to maintain FSH (Pluset® or Folltropin®) throughout the period of IVM, since there was no difference in the results of presence of MII. Furthermore, the concentration of 1.0 ?g/mL of FSH Pluset® and Folltropin® is as effective as 10 ?g/mL and can therefore be used for IVM of oocytes.
Available phosphorus reduction in weaned piglets’ diets containing phytase combined with butyric and benzoic acids
Authors: Rufino Luciana Moura , Nunes Romão Da Cunha , Stringhini José Henrique , Mascarenhas Alessandra Gimenez , Arnhold Emmanuel , Coelho Karyne Oliveira , Rocha Fernanda Rodrigues Taveira , Kiefer Charles
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the reduction of available phosphorus (Pa) in the diet of weaned piglets using phytase combined with butyric and benzoic acids. A total of 120 piglets with initial weight of 6.7 ± 0.02 kg were used in a randomized block design with six treatments: control; reduction of 0.15% Pa (Pa red); Phytase + Pa red; Phytase + butyric acid + Pa red; Phytase + benzoic acid + Pa red; Phytase + butyric acid + benzoic acid + Pa red; five replicates, with four animals each. The experimental diets had no influence on the fecal scores, Escherichia coli count, or the pH of the digestive tract. An improved villus:crypt ratio was found when the combination of phytase with butyric and benzoic acids was used. The histomorphometry of the jejunum and of the ileum showed no differences with respect to villus height, crypt depth, and villus:crypt ratio. The bones of the piglets fed with a diet containing reduced levels of available phosphorus showed less resistance to fracture. The levels of calcium in the raw bones were lower in the piglets that received a diet containing phytase and butyric acid. Reduced phosphorus deposition was observed in the bones of animals that received the diet containing phytase, butyric acid, and benzoic acid. It is concluded that the inclusion of phytase and butyric and benzoic acids, and their combination, in the diet of weaned piglets does not affect the pH of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon, and does not change the frequency of diarrhea or the E. Coli count. The association of butyric and benzoic acids with phytase in the diet of piglets after weaning improves the villus:crypt ratio of the duodenum. The use of phytase (1000 UF/kg) allows the formulation of diets for weaned piglets with a 0.15% reduction in the level of available phosphorus without damaging the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the bones and without altering bone resistance.
Agronomic and nutritional characteristics of Massai grass subjected to deferred grazing and nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Costa Clésio Dos Santos , Rodrigues Rosane Cláudia , Araújo Ricardo Alves de , Cândido Magno José Duarte , Santos Francisco Naysson De Sousa , Rodrigues Marcônio Martins , Costa Francivaldo Oliveira , Silva Ivone Rodrigues da , Alves Arnaud Azevêdo , Lima Noilson Monteles de
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and nutritional value of Massai grass (Megathyrsus maximus ‘Massai’) pastures fertilized with different nitrogen levels and subjected to deferred grazing. A completely randomized experimental design (CRD) was adopted, with including five nitrogen levels (zero, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha?1), and five replications (plots). The degradability trial used a CRD including a 6 × 5 factorial arrangement, consisting of six rumen-incubation times (6, 24, 48, 60, 84, and 96 h) and five levels of nitrogen in different plots. One fistulated sheep, with a live weight of 60 kg, was used in the experiment. Total herbage biomass, dead herbage biomass, and height showed a quadratic response to nitrogen fertilization levels of 100 to 200 kg ha-1 resulted in greater tillering. Protein and dry matter content increased linearly with nitrogen fertilization level, leading to increase in fibrous components. The increase in NDF and ADF contents might be a consequence of the reduction in NCE, and the high flowering rate of the grass, owing likely to the reduction in metabolism of the grass in an attempt to extend its lifetime. Nitrogen levels of 300 kg ha?1 or higher affected the productive characteristics positively, whereas the chemical characteristics were negatively affected.
Genetic diversity of tambaqui broodstocks in stock enhancement programs
Authors: Moraes Neto Americo , Ayres Denise Rocha , Streit Junior Danilo Pedro , Lopera-Barrero Nelson Mauricio , Ferraz Filho Paulo Bahiense , Corrêa Filho Ruy Alberto Caetano , Santana Annaiza Braga Bignardi , Marciano Caroline Michele Marinho , Murari Pâmela Juliana Furlan , Povh Jayme Aparecido
Published: June 2017

Natural populations of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) have significantly decreased in recent decades especially due to human extraction activities. So that the environmental impact may be reduced, the restocking of fish and increase in fish production are enhanced. Genetic evaluations using molecular markers are essential for this purpose. Current study evaluates the genetic variability of two tambaqui broodstocks used in restocking programs. Sixty-five samples (33 samples from broodstock A and 32 samples from broodstock B) were collected. DNA was extracted from caudal fin samples, with the amplification of four microsatellite loci: Cm1A11 (EU685307) Cm1C8 (EU685308) Cm1F4 (EU685311) and Cm1H8 (EU685315). Fourteen alleles in the stock of broodstock A were produced, five alleles for Cm1A11 locus (230, 255, 260, 270 and 276 bp), three alleles Cm1C8 (239, 260, and 273 bp), two alleles Cm1F4 (211 and 245 bp), four alleles for Cm1H8 (275, 290, 320 and 331 bp) and two unique alleles were found for Cm1A11 loci (alleles 270 and 276 bp) and Cm1H8 (alleles 275 and 331 bp). In broodstock B, ten alleles were produced, the same alleles of the first stock except for alleles 270 and 276 bp in Cm1A11 locus and 275 and 331 bp in Cm1H8 locus. Broodstock A revealed low frequency alleles in Cm1A11 loci, Cm1C8, Cm1F4 and Cm1H8, whereas broodstock B had no locus with low allelic frequency. Loci Cm1A11, Cm1C8 and Cm1H8 exhibited significant deficit of heterozygotes in both broodstocks, revealing changes in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Genetic diversity between stocks was 0.1120, whilst genetic similarity was 0.894, with FST rate = 0.05, and Nm = 3.93, indicating gene flow between the two broodstocks. Results show that broodstocks are genetically closely related, with no great genetic variability. Strategies such as a previous genetic analysis of breeding with its marking, use of a large Ne crossing between the most genetically divergent specimens, and the introduction of new genetic material to broodstocks may maximize genetic diversity and minimize inbreeding within the next generation.
Teoria psicanalítica, sexo e gênero: articulações em uma perspectiva anti-essencialista
Authors: Sartori João Eduardo Torrecillas , Mantovani Alexandre
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo discute contribuições psicanalíticas aos estudos sobre sexualidade e gênero. A teoria psicanalítica freudiana recebeu diversas críticas por parte dos teóricos de estudos de gênero que reconheceram, nas hipóteses aventadas por Freud, atitudes reducionistas e deterministas. Todavia, Freud foi um dos primeiros autores a propor leituras sobre a sexualidade que, justamente, evitavam tanto o reducionismo no entendimento de certas práticas sexuais – deixando de considerá-las sob uma perspectiva psicopatológica –, quanto a consideração segundo a qual haveria uma pré-determinação na sexualidade e nos gêneros, em termos biológicos. Com base no estudo histórico-epistemológico sobre o tema da sexualidade na psicanálise e na análise de um caso clínico freudiano, propõe-se uma leitura anti-essencialista que evita reducionismos no entendimento de questões referentes à subjetivação e privilegia o entendimento da subjetividade inscrita no domínio sociocultural.
“Qual violência é grave, qual vítima é vítima?” – Comissões da Verdade e sua relação com o paradigma dos direitos humanos
Authors: Ventura Raissa Wihby
Published: June 2017

Este trabalho parte da pressuposição de que a linguagem dos direitos humanos se encontra na intersecção de, no mínimo, três faces: a justificação normativa-moral, a prática-política e a jurídica-legal. Diante dessa tripartição, mobiliza-se a seguinte questão: Como e em que medida a linguagem dos direitos humanos pode contribuir para que os direitos à memória e à verdade sejam garantidos e traduzidos? A partir dessa pergunta dois argumentos serão elaborados. Em um primeiro momento, o objetivo será o de mostrar de que modo, ao traduzir demandas dos direitos humanos internacionais, o Estado reproduz o paradigma globalizado e normatizado da justiça de transição e, dessa forma, cria uma série de determinações aos mecanismos de justiça de transição que impõe uma certa tradução para esses direitos. A comissão da verdade é o exemplo privilegiado dessa tradução. Em um segundo movimento, o objetivo será, a partir do exemplo das comissões da verdade, apontar dois limites gerais para a tradução prática-política e a jurídica-legal dos direitos à memória e à verdade: o primeiro refere-se à definição de quais violações serão legitimamente reconhecidas e o segundo remete à definição de quais narrativas serão consideradas como parte importante para o processo de transição.
Solving Liouville-type Problems on Manifolds with Poincaré-Sobolev Inequality by Broadening q-Energy from Finite to Infinite
Authors: Wu Lina
Published: June 2017

The aim of this article is to investigate Liouville-type problems on complete non-compact Riemannian manifolds with Poincaré-Sobolev Inequality. Two significant technical breakthroughs are demonstrated in research findings. The first breakthrough is an extension from non-flat manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvatures to curved manifolds with Ricci curvatures varying among negative values, zero, and positive values. Poincaré-Sobolev Inequality has been applied to overcome difficulties of an extension on manifolds. Poincaré-Sobolev Inequality has offered a special structure on curved manifolds with a mix of Ricci curvature signs. The second breakthrough is a generalization of $q$-energy from finite to infinite. At this point, a technique of $p$-balanced growth has been introduced to overcome difficulties of broadening from finite $q$-energy in $L^q$ spaces to infinite $q$-energy in non-$L^q$ spaces. An innovative computational method and new estimation techniques are illustrated. At the end of this article, Liouville-type results including vanishing properties for differential forms and constancy properties for differential maps have been verified on manifolds with Poincaré-Sobolev Inequality approaching to infinite $q$-energy growth.
President's Column: For The Record
Authors: Fifarek Aimee
Published: June 2017

President's Column: For The Record
Construct validity and internal consistency of three factor structures and two scoring methods of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire
Authors: Simancas-Pallares Miguel , Arrieta Katherine Margarita , Arévalo Luisa Leonor
Published: June 2017

Introducción. El análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento reviste importancia para el control de sesgos en la medición.Objetivo. Comparar la validez de constructo y la consistencia interna de tres estructuras factoriales del cuestionario de salud general de 12 ítems.Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio de validación en una muestra anidada de 483 estudiantes de odontología de Cartagena, Colombia. Además de las preguntas del instrumento, se hicieron otras sobre aspectos personales. Se evaluó la validez de constructo de la estructura unidimensional, de la unidimensional con corrección del sesgo de respuesta, y de la de dos y tres factores y sistemas de puntuación del tipo de la escala de Likert (0-1-2-3) y dicotómico (0-0-1-1). La validez se determinó con un análisis factorial confirmatorio y, la consistencia interna, con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para la escala de Likert y la fórmula 20 de Kuder-Richardson para el método dicotómico empleando los programas Stata™, versión 13.2 (Stata Corp, USA) y Mplus™, versión 7.11 (Muthen and Muthen, USA).Resultados. Los índices de ajuste revelaron que el mejor modelo era el unidimensional con corrección del sesgo de respuesta y puntación dicotómica (grados de libertad=36; ji al cuadrado=52,432; raíz cuadrada del error medio de aproximación=0,03; IC90% 0,008-0,048; índice comparativo de ajuste=0,982; índice de Tucker-Lewis=0,966). La consistencia interna fue de 0,70.Conclusiones. El ajuste del modelo obtenido en este estudio permitió controlar el sesgo de medición y, así, garantizar la validez externa de los resultados del uestionario de salud general de 12 ítems para la evaluación de las condiciones mentales en esta población. Las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas deben evaluarse críticamente antes del análisis de los resultados.