bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
U‐99 uninhabited tactical aircraft preliminary systems design
Authors: Smith Howard
Published: April 2007

The systems aspects of an uninhabited tactical aircraft (UTA) preliminary design are detailed. The study, performed at the post‐graduate level at Cranfield University, looks to investigate the feasibility of unmanned combat aircraft in a number of roles to reduce the risk to pilots and reduce life cycle costs (LCC). The scope of the work includes stealth, vulnerability, mission effectiveness, avionics, landing gear, secondary power, fuel systems, propulsion, performance and cost. The unusual depth to which the design work progressed enables insights to be gained that far exceed those available at the conceptual design phase. A Northrop Grumman concept of near‐identical configuration has subsequently reached the public domain.
Laser technology finds edges ‐ looking for problems?
Authors: Wilson Mike
Published: April 2007

Highlights recent developments in laser vision technology with regard to the aerospace industry. Specifically looks at its application to the Ariane 5 rocket, CCD cameras, adhesives and sealants and a sensor which defines the accuracy of drilling and countersinking in airfoil shapes.
Cutting head design lowers abrasive waterjet cutting costs
Authors: Etchells Paul
Published: April 2007

Describes the technique of waterjet cutting and explains recent developments in the cutting head. Discusses the advantages of the new heads and gives typical parameter combinations for industrial applications.
The design, manufacture and qualification of flexible fuel cells
Authors: Butler Mark
Published: April 2007

The increasing use of helicopters has naturally created demands for improved safety and performance from many of the aircraft’s systems. If the passengers and crew are to survive a crash or even a “heavy landing”, especially from the effects of a ballistic attack, it is vitally important that the aircraft fuel system is also crashworthy. Traditionally, flexible fuel cells have been employed which were constructed of fabric coated with nitrile rubber, with the emphasis being on constraining the forces involved, particularly in a forced landing. This understandably led to heavy fuel cells that were inflexible and difficult to install. Examines the new materials and techniques and the development of significantly lighter, more flexible systems in the construction of crashworthy cells and compares their characteristics and specifications.
The design, manufacture and certification of emergency inflation systems for helicopters
Authors: Tutton Steve
Published: April 2007

Describes the key elements of emergency inflation system design and highlights the considerations that have to be determined during the progress of the project. In addition, identifies and discusses some of the typical problems that have to be resolved, primarily because most of the older aircraft in service were designed without consideration for the installation of emergency inflation equipment.
UK Ministry of Defence generic health and usage monitoring system (GenHUMS)
Authors: Trammel Chuck , Vossler Gerry , Feldmann Mike
Published: April 2007

Smiths Industries Aerospace (SI) offers a multi‐aircraft capable generic health and usage monitoring system (GenHUMS) using field proven, off‐the‐shelf, airborne and ground‐based technology. The UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) has selected the GenHUMS for the Chinook aircraft with additional options for Puma, Sea King and Lynx aircraft. The GenHUMS provides all conventional HUMS functionality, and incorporates key innovation in the areas of rotor track and balance, failure detection, flight regime recognition, alert generation, system configurability, and user interface. The architecture is unique in that all required airborne data acquisition and processing, including crash survivable cockpit voice and flight data recording, are combined in a single line replaceable unit. This architecture significantly reduces space, weight and power requirements and results in the highest reliability, least risk, lowest life cycle cost, HUMS known today. Fixed and portable PC‐based HUMS ground stations provide configurable, user friendly, data extraction and analysis capabilities.
Pitting corrosion of duplex stainless steels
Authors: Siow K.S. , Song T.Y. , Qiu J.H.
Published: April 2007

This study showed the complex interactions of alloying elements and their prevailing microstructure on the pitting corrosion. This interaction was illustrated by electrochemical tests of three grades of wrought duplex stainless steels. It was shown that SAF2507 had the highest pitting potential, followed by SAF2205 and SAF2304. However, SAF2205 had higher corrosion potential than SAF2507. SAF2205 and SAF2507 were immune to pitting, while SAF2304 was susceptible to pitting. It was also found in the experiment that the austenite‐ferrite interface was the most susceptible to corrosion, followed by the austenite and finally the ferrite phase.
Studies on the pitting corrosion of lead in carbonate media
Authors: Abd El Aal E.E.
Published: April 2007

Cyclic voltametry and potentiodynamic single sweep techniques are used to study the electrochemical behaviour of lead in Na2CO3 solutions containing various concentrations of ClO4‐ as aggressive anion. The effects of different concentrations, in terms of destruction of passivity and initiation of pitting corrosion, were monitored with reference to the change in integrated anodic charge. It was found that Δqa (taken as a measure of the extent of pitting) varies linearly with log CClO4‐. The pitting corrosion potential, Epitting, varies with log CClO4‐ according to sigmoidal curves. These curves are explained on the basis of formation of passive, active and continuously propagating pits. Additions of aliphatic amines shift the pitting corrosion potential, Epitting, into the noble (positive) direction, indicating the inhibition action of the added amines on the pitting attack. Epitting varies with the logarithm of the inhibitor concentration according to: Epitting = a + b log Cinh. The inhibition of pitting corrosion by the aliphatic amines is assumed to be due to either competitive adsorption between the CO32– with ClO4‐ anions, and/or the chemisorption of the amine on the metal with the formation of a metal‐nitrogen coordination bond. The efficiency of these compounds as pitting corrosion inhibitors increases with the increase in the chain length of the alkyl group.
External corrosion protection systems for flammable and combustible liquids underground storage tanks
Authors: Guan Shiwei William
Published: April 2007

This paper gives an overview on the evolution and standards development of the external corrosion protection systems used for flammable and combustible liquids underground storage tanks (USTs) in North America. The paper first describes the different types of corrosion protected USTs for flammable and combustible liquids in North America. It then reviews the advantages and disadvantages of each of the corrosion protection systems used. Finally, it looks forward to some of the technical trends in the North American UST industry and the standard certification process for underground tank external corrosion protection, with updates on the technology and standards in the international UST industry.
Exotic tube fittings meet pulp and paper needs
Authors: Mullen Steve
Published: April 2007

Outlines how Parker Hannifin used Sandvik duplex stainless steel to provide higher corrosion resistance for its tube fittings for the paper industry. Describes how ferrules were the weak link in the chain and how Parker Hannifin developed new materials.
Retailing organic foods
Authors: Jones Peter , Clarke‐Hill Colin , Shears Peter , Hillier David
Published: April 2007

During the past five years consumer demand for organic food has risen dramatically in the wake of a series of high profile scares about food safety. This paper provides a case study of the retailing of organic foods. The case study includes an outline of the characteristics and development of the organic food market, an examination of the different players within the retail market place and a discussion of pricing, supply and marketing issues.
The promise of agricultural biotechnology for human health
Authors: Tian Li , DellaPenna Dean
Published: April 2007

Summarizes the meeting report of the Keystone Symposium “Plant foods for human health: manipulating plant metabolism to enhance nutritional quality”. A number of papers were presented, outlining the various ways in which recombinant DNA technologies are currently being developed to improve the nutritional quality and other health benefits of food crops. The value of such research is emphasized given the high existing levels of human malnutrition and diseases associated with poor diet.
The dangerously polarized debate on genetic modification
Authors: Tester Mark
Published: April 2007

Establishes what is meant by the term “genetic modification” and reviews the many methods used in agriculture to achieve it, including traditional breeding techniques and new, artificial recombinant DNA technologies (“new GM”). Argues strongly that it is important that neither side of the debate resorts to over‐simplified generalizations about the “new GM” but that each new development needs to be treated on its own, scientific, merit. Expresses concern that if politically pragmatic strategies are not developed on that basis, the opportunities presented by new GM technologies could be permanently lost.
Food Policy in a Changing Food System
Authors: Tansey Geoff
Published: April 2007

Examines the food system and considers the impact of the following
societal changes on it: increasing longevity and growing populations;
increasing urbanization; globalization of the food market; changes in
attitudes and values; decline of the traditional “housekeeping” role.
Describes the role of the different actors. Discusses the problems of
achieving food policy goals with particular reference to institutions,
policy instruments and information.
UK food industry responses to the Health of the Nation
White Paper
Authors: Richardson David P.
Published: April 2007

The food and drink manufacturing industry is one of the leading
sectors with considerable expertise in food and nutrition. In order to
help the Government achieve the targets set by the Health of the
Nation White Paper, it is committed to making significant
contributions through product developments and the provision of
information. It is essential, however, that nutrition policy and dietary
advice are based on sound science and that consumers are educated to
make informed choices.
Food hygiene, quality and safety
Authors: Kierstan Mark
Published: April 2007

Discusses the possibility of resolving the microbiological safety
issues in food manufacturing by use of advanced manufacturing systems.
Predicts that by the year 2000, testing, quality control and product
safety will be addressed by use of automated production facilities.
Technical colleges and industry partnerships: advancing workplace learning and organizational effectiveness
Authors: Davis Paul
Published: April 2007

Historically, technical colleges in Australia have monopolised the delivery of vocational education and training. Industry exerted little influence over curriculum content and design and had to accept whatever colleges offered them in terms of skilled staff. Starting in the 1980s, a deregulated training market and increasingly intense competition have compelled technical colleges to “corporatize” their services to retain business. Colleges now listen closely to industry and attempt to provide what industry demands in terms of skilled people through a range of consultative partnerships. These partnerships have led to some exciting and innovative changes to the structure and delivery of vocational training programs. Companies that have proactively worked with colleges have enhanced learning opportunities for their staff and increased organizational competitiveness. This paper outlines some significant benefits realized by one company through its business partnerships with technical colleges.
Integrated leadership development
Authors: Weiss David , Molinaro Vince
Published: April 2007

Purpose

Leaders' capacity has become mission‐critical in many organizations today. However, this business challenge is a struggle for many. Part of the reason is that current approaches to building leadership capacity are failing to hit the mark, and many senior leaders have little confidence in their organization's leadership development programs. This article aims to examine how organizations can close the leadership gap in their organizations by implementing an integrated approach to leadership development.

Design/methodology/approach

The evolution of leadership development is discussed and a framework is presented to examine traditional approaches and consider their limitations.

Findings

The integrated‐solution approach to leadership development represents a more strategic, synergistic and sustainable way for organizations to build the leadership capacity they require to gain competitive advantage. The integrated solution is intense. It requires serious commitment on the part of organizations, their senior leaders and from HR. The process also is more complex. In the long‐term though, the integrated‐solution approach delivers greater value to organizations and ensures that their investment in leadership development is optimized.

Originality/value

The article presents practical and proven strategies to overcome the leadership gap in organizations today
RoMEO studies 1: the impact of copyright ownership on academic author self‐archiving
Authors: Gadd Elizabeth , Oppenheim Charles , Probets Steve
Published: April 2007

This is the first of a series of studies emanating from the UK JISC‐funded RoMEO Project (Rights Metadata for Open‐archiving) which investigated the IPR issues relating to academic author self‐archiving of research papers. It considers the claims for copyright ownership in research papers by universities, academics, and publishers by drawing on the literature, a survey of 542 academic authors and an analysis of 80 journal publisher copyright transfer agreements. The paper concludes that self‐archiving is not best supported by copyright transfer to publishers. It recommends that universities assert their interest in copyright ownership in the long term, that academics retain rights in the short term, and that publishers consider new ways of protecting the value they add through journal publishing.
Citizenship information research at the School of Information and Media
Authors: Marcella Rita , Baxter Graeme
Published: April 2007

Discusses recent and current research into citizenship information needs at the School of Information and Media, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen. Reviews the most important results from two large‐scale, nation‐wide surveys (funded by the British Library Research and Innovation Centre) of the citizenship information needs of the UK public, highlighting those occasions where the response in Scotland differed significantly from national trends. Outlines a current project, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council, studying the impact of the use of information and communication technologies on the communication of parliamentary information in the UK, with particular attention being paid to the situation in the three new devolved legislatures – the Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly of Wales and the Northern Ireland Assembly. The paper summarises the aims and objectives of the current project and provides a preview of the methodologies to be used, including the development of a novel interactive, electronically assisted interview technique.
Intellectual property rights and university employees
Authors: Hannabuss Stuart
Published: April 2007

Discusses intellectual property rights (IPRs) and university lecturers, referring to codes of practice and policy statements. Argues that IPR in the patents area is very much a matter of commercial exploitability and getting an equitable benefits agreement, but that in the area of copyright issues it is much more cloudy and controversial. Interpreting “in the course of employment” and other key factors has become increasingly important for employees in higher education, as stakeholders seek to capitalize on intellectual assets but not always collaboratively.
Women’s groups and information provision in rural Kenya
Authors: Mutua‐Kombo Eda
Published: April 2007

This article identifies factors that affect the provision of information in rural Kenya as: government’s limited support of the information sector, male dominance, conflict of interests of information providers, media interests, and nepotism. It shows ways to remedy the situation by recommending the need to recognize women’s groups’ role in providing information structures and systems relevant to information use among rural communities. It concludes by urging researchers in information and communication fields to consider the pursuit to investigate new roles of women in communication.
The Hogarth Press: a sketch
Authors: Glasgow Eric
Published: April 2007

Founded in 1917 by Leonard and Virginia Woolf, the Hogarth Press was particularly associated with Virginia Woolf’s novels. These are discussed in terms of their literary significance and influence on the development of the Press. The various other authors published by the Press are also described and its history up to and after the First World War examined. Sales figures for a number of its books and the commercial history of the Hogarth Press are indicated.
Creating the Charles Booth Online Archive: from nineteenth century London poverty to twenty‐first century digital riches
Authors: Shaw Caroline
Published: April 2007

The Charles Booth Online Archive from the library of the London School of Economics gives free access to materials from Booth’s survey into life and labour in London 1886‐1903. The content of the archive is described and the funding arrangements for the project outlined. Cataloguing and text digitisation arrangements are discussed and the method digitising the 12 maps from the survey explained. Details are presented of how the Web‐site was created.
International procurement practices: a matter of relationships
Authors: Herbig Paul , O’Hara Brad
Published: April 2007

The globalization of business is a fact of life that many managers are waking up to quickly. For firms, small and large alike, the move towards internationalization implies a different role for every aspect of the organization. One important function within the firm which is becoming more and more global in orientation is the purchasing department. Many corporations realize that in order to be successful and competitive, an expanded focus for this area is necessary. However, procurement activities on an international scale have unique considerations of which many of us may not be aware. Discusses several important developments in an effort to broaden our understanding in this area. Although somewhat diverse in nature, the underlying current is that the development of relationships is necessary in the international environment.
Administrative decision making: a contextual analysis
Authors: Basi Raghbir S.
Published: April 2007

Administrative decision making is contextual both in terms of the type of decisions a position holder must make as well as how they should be made (style). This paper argues that the type of decision is a function of administrative level, and the style is a function of organizational culture. Significant decisions are likely to be intuitive at the executive level, compromise at the managerial level, and computational at the supervisory level. Effective decision‐making styles are likely to be dictative in paternalistic, directive in bureaucratic, and deliberative in synergistic organizational cultures.
Health of the Nation: Nutritional Implications
Authors: Wells Dilys
Published: April 2007

Summarizes the British Nutrition Foundation′s Annual Lecture which
stressed the importance of the Health of the Nation Project, a
Department of Health strategy. Heart disease, strokes, cancer, mental
health, AIDS and sexual health and accidents are identified as areas of
improvement.
Encouraging Young People to Make the Healthier Choice:
Authors: Harden Hazel
Published: April 2007

Looks at the launch of a healthy eating campaign in Holyhead School,
Birmingham. The project aimed to encourage pupils to choose healthier
options which were available at lunch‐time.
Assessing and managing fishery resources
Authors: Pawson Mike
Published: April 2007

CEFAS, the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, is responsible for providing the scientific advice required to manage the exploitation of fisheries resources of interest to the UK. Information is collected from fishermen’s logbooks and fish markets on the catches and fishing activity of the English and Welsh fleets, and length and age compositions of the more important commercial species are sampled from landings and, where possible, from fish that are discarded at sea. Supporting biological data are collected on surveys conducted by research vessels or chartered commercial boats. For some species’ populations, fishery‐independent estimates of abundance are also made from egg surveys. These data are combined with those from other countries exploiting common fisheries and used in analytical assessments carried out by international working groups at the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. The results provide the basis for negotiations of each year’s total allowable catches at the European Council of Ministers.
New spherical roller bearings
Authors: Wilson Bill
Published: April 2007

Describes SKF’s three new spherical roller bearings, E for smoother running, VA 405 to resist vibration and CARB for axial displacement and misalignment. Gives a paper mill as an example of the successful use of CARB.
Data warehousing
Authors: Daniels Shirley
Published: April 2007

I must be getting old! I was around and working in information
technology (IT) back in the 1960s. Of course we did not call it IT then
– it was still computing, still exciting and still specialized
– needing banks of experts, like me. We went to work in our beards
(well, not me personally, you understand!) and sandals and we delivered
the goods – not quite what our clients wanted, perhaps a bit late
and perhaps a bit over budget. Our clients were so amazed to get
anything that nearly worked, they did not complain too much – we
were protected by their ignorance of our alchemy and their low
expectations. Slowly but surely, as they learned more about what the
machines (with our help) could do, they started to see the possibilities
for the future. One thing I remember clearly is that there was a kind of
shared vision that by the 1970s, each organization would have an
efficient and effective management information system based around the
corporate database. This would be a central store of data which would be
common to a range of applications and would ensure that all computer
users were using the same, centrally updated and maintained, reliable
and resilient store of data. The system would not simply carry out
operational processing of simple transactions; it would provide
information on which meaningful decisions could be made. For a number of
reasons – connected with the limits of then current hardware,
software and people skills, and connected with the unreasonable
expectations of some users – this never really happened; it was
always just around the corner. And then the personal computer (PC)
arrived.
Should employers worry? ‐ Workplace stress claims following the John Walker decision
Authors: Earnshaw Jill , Morrison Lynne
Published: April 2007

In 1995 a social worker employed by Northumberland County Council won a landmark victory in the High Court by suing his employer in respect of a stress‐related illness brought about by work overload. Media coverage at the time predicted the opening of the floodgates to large numbers of such legal actions, but no such legal judgments have followed. Attempts to ascertain the reason, based on a survey and follow‐up interviews of personal injury solicitors. Finds that employees faced considerable barriers to bringing personal injury claims based on psychiatric harm. However, the research also reveals that being involved in this type of litigation was a problem for employers and that some claims have been settled out of court. Concludes that regardless of legal actions, there are good reasons why employers should take seriously the issue of workplace stress.
Campus‐wide partnerships through Teaching, Learning and Technology Roundtables
Authors: Margaret Porter G.
Published: April 2007

Teaching, Learning and Technology Roundtables (TLTRs) are present at over 600 campuses nationwide. They provide the academic community with excellent opportunities to form collaborative partnerships among a variety of campus groups and individuals. The process used to investigate, form, and carry out the mission of a TLTR on one campus is described along with the progress and accomplishment of the TLTR over a two‐year period. It includes the membership selection, vision statement, sub‐committee structure and work, faculty and student surveys, investigations of current campus practices, “best practices” on a national level, and future directions for its continued work.
Building partnerships in liberal arts education: library team teaching
Authors: Zhang Wenxian
Published: April 2007

The new academic library in the information age will be a teaching library. Teaching students the information literacy skills of how to identify, locate, access and evaluate information has become a fundamental responsibility for academic librarians. This article examines the framework for library bibliographic instruction, analyzes current information literacy initiatives, and reviews efforts of the Olin Library, Rollins College in promoting active learning and critical thinking skills through partnerships with classroom faculty and professionals of information technology and services.
Intellectual capital performance drivers in the Greek banking sector
Authors: Mavridis Dimitrios G. , Kyrmizoglou Pantelis
Published: April 2007

The field for Intellectual Capital (IC) and the related philosophy of Knowledge Management (KM) has arisen recently to an interesting research object worldwide. Researchers round the globe presented interesting realistic contributions to the “intellectual” matter like Tobin’s “q”, Intangible Assets Monitor ‐IAM or “Skandia Navigator”. Increasingly the metrication of the intellectual intangibility, the visualization of the invisible intellectual brain power or the calculation of the intellectual potentiality provoked many “serious” researchers to fight like the hero of La Mancha “again wind, light and
sound”. A. Pulic “VAIC™ – Value Added Intellectual Capital Method” is one way to bridge the distance from “tacit to ex plicit” because it helps to understand the metrics of intangibility. In the present research the data (published balance sheet and profit/loss account information) of seventeen main Greek banks for the period 1996 to 1999 is analyzed. The focus is put on the used human capital (HC) and physical capital (CA) of the Greek banking sector and their impact on firms’ value added (VA) based performance is discussed. The predictive (regression analysis) impact on the “intellectual” value added (VA) based performance confirms the existence of value added (VA) based performance differences among the various banks – always due to their potential of intellectual and physical capital.
An evaluation of ISO registration agencies: a study of Egyptian hotels
Authors: Magd Hesham A.E.
Published: April 2007

Purpose: This paper contains an evaluation of the results from a survey on ISO 9000 certified hotels in Egypt. This study is focused on factors influencing the choice of the registration agency; problems with registration agencies; satisfaction level with the registration agencies and the use of training and consultancy in achieving the certification. Design/methodology/approach: Postal survey was used in this study to gather the required data from a sample size of 40 certified large hotels in Egypt. The sample was drawn from a list provided by ISO 9000 certification office in Egypt. A response rate of 60 per cent was achieved. Findings: The certified hotels in Egypt performed well in their registration process and benefited from ISO implementation. They were using their registration agencies for private consultancy and it has been recommended that they should avoid using their registration agencies for private consultancy as this creates conflict of interest and constitutes a violation of ISO 62. Originality/value: Adds to the body of knowledge concerning the ISO 9000 registration agencies in the service sector with particular focus on Egypt.
Decision‐taking on human resource issues
Authors: Croucher Richard , Druker Jan
Published: April 2007

The article examines decision‐taking in European construction companies. It confirms the increasing importance of MNEs in the industry. The extent to which corporate decision‐taking on human resource matters in construction MNEs is distinctive and is examined. Construction MNEs show an increased use of certain types of flexible working. It is shown that this is in turn linked to decreased union influence, even in some countries with strong regulatory regimes. The argument’s implication is that the emergence of a new order in the industry poses a substantial threat to construction unions. This may in the long term endanger unions’ legitimacy within the European model of co‐operation between management and employee representatives.
The road to partnership? ‐ Forcing change in the UK further education sector; from “college incorporation” and “competition” to “accommodation and compliance”?
Authors: Burchill Frank
Published: April 2007

Examines change in the further education (FE) sector since the incorporation in 1993 and its effects on aspects of human resource management (HRM) and, in particular, on employee relations. Argues that change was forced through in FE to a greater extent, and in a more compressed period of time, than in other parts of the public sector. The results of three surveys, carried out simultaneously, are used to support this argument, and to generate evidence on how the process has been perceived by three sets of important actors and reveals some of the contradictions in their interpretation of events. Highlights changes in the bargaining structure and approaches to HRM. An overall conclusion is that the situation in FE has moved from competition at the social level in terms of employers and employees and compliance at the workplace, to arm’s length accommodation and compliance. Nevertheless, the situation is ripe for partnership – cooperation at the social level and commitment at the place of work.
An evaluation on the employees’ retraining programmes in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong May M.L.
Published: April 2007

Hong Kong has experienced an economic transformation from a manufacturing‐based to a service‐based economy which has impacted on the demand for manual labour. In 1992, the Employee Retraining Board was set up to provide employees’ retraining programmes (ERP) for unemployed manual workers. It aims to help unemployed manual workers to acquire and develop knowledge, skills and abilities so that they can re‐enter the labour market. This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of ERP from the perspectives of training providers designated by Employee Retraining Board to fulfil the above objective. The evaluation of the ERP is based on how the various ERP courses can meet the training objectives, assessment of training needs, design of the ERP, course evaluation, and follow‐up services conducted by the selected training bodies. The overall effectiveness of ERP is found to be low. The indicators participation rate and job placement rate used by the training bodies tend to provide misleading evaluation results to the ERP.
Management issues in library networking: focus on a pilot library networking project in Ghana
Authors: Martey A.K.
Published: April 2007

Discusses the management issues involved in library networking, using GILLDDNET, the DANIDA/IFLA sponsored Ghana Interlibrary Lending and Document Delivery Trial Project as a reference point in the discussion. There is an attempt to apply the management principles that Urwick outlined decades ago in the Elements of Management to this project. The challenges and the successes of the project are discussed.
Librarians in changing Estonia: professional education and
development
Authors: Lepik Aira
Published: April 2007

The growth in responsibility of librarians under the country′s
changed conditions requires their high‐quality professional education,
flexible continuing education and professional development at all
levels. Offers an overview of librarians′ professional training in
Estonia, its traditions and possibilities today. Estonian library
assistants study at the Viljandi College of Culture: degree courses in
library and information sciences (LIS) are offered by the Tallinn
Pedagogical University, including Master′s and doctoral degrees. Gives a
detailed account of the undergraduate LIS curriculum at the Tallinn
Pedagogical University. Systematic continuing education is a necessity
because of developments in information technology and because of rapid
changes in Estonian economic and social life. Touches on local and
state‐wide continuing education activities. Undertakings by the
Librarians Education Board in educating library staff without formal LIS
education are an integral part of librarians′ continuing education and
retraining. In order to disseminate information about Estonian libraries
in the world professional community, our librarians must be aware of
developments elsewhere. Speaks about the return of Estonian librarians
into international professional organizations (IFLA, co‐operation with
Baltic libraries, etc.) Deals with the prospects for Estonian librarians
in co‐operation with international professional organizations (IATUL,
ABDOS, IAML, IASL, etc.) in a more detailed way, including their
participation in educational and developmental projects of other
countries.
The British Library at St Pancras
Authors: Press
Published: April 2007

Describes the British Library’s new building and its collections, together with the timetable for making the services available to users.
The impact of information use on decision making in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Bouchet Marie‐Laure , Hopkins Tracy , Kinnell Margaret , McKnight Cliff
Published: April 2007

Reports on research conducted in the UK into the impact of information use on decision making in the pharmaceuticals industry. The results help library and information service managers to better understand the information needs of their clients.
The funding of library research in Nigerian universities
Authors: Ekoja Innocent I.
Published: April 2007

Reports a survey which investigated the funding of library research in six federal government owned universities in Nigeria, and the impact of research funding on the publication output of librarians. Findings indicate that research is either self‐funded, or funded by the respondents’ employers, and an insignificant number have been funded by international agencies. Grants are given for postgraduate degree and personal research. About half the respondents see the research grants they receive to be either fairly adequate or adequate: but the majority expressed dissatisfaction with their research allowances. All agreed that enhanced research grants and allowances would lead to a greater research output. Most publications produced by the respondents resulted from self‐funded research, followed by research sponsored by grants from employers, and lastly from researches funded by foundations, agencies and associations.
Employment and wage assimilation of male first‐generation immigrants in Denmark
Authors: Husted Leif , Skyt Nielsen Helena , Rosholm Michael , Smith Nina
Published: April 2007

Labour market assimilation of Danish first‐generation male immigrants is analysed based on two panel data sets covering the population of immigrants and 10 per cent of the Danish population during 1984‐1995. Wages and employment probabilities are estimated jointly in a random effects model which corrects for unobserved cohort and individual effects and panel selectivity due to missing wage information. The results show that immigrants assimilate partially to Danes, but the assimilation process differs between refugees and non‐refugees.
The Impact of Minimum Wages on Industrial Wages and Employment in Greece
Authors: Koutsogeorgopoulou Vasiliki
Published: April 2007

Examines the employment effects of minimum wage regulation on Greek
manufacturing for the period 1962‐87. The empirical analysis is carried
out in three steps. First, estimates the effect of the minimum wage on
the average wages of adult male and female industrial workers to derive
estimates of wage elasticities of each type of labour with respect to
the minimum wage. Second, estimates labour demand equations for the two
types of labour to derive the employment elasticities with respect to
the corresponding average wage. Finally, provides estimates on the
employment effects of the minimum wage by combining the results derived
in the first two stages. The results provide some indications that the
minimum wage plays a more significant role in the employment of female
than male workers in manufacturing, and suggest that minimum wages
positively affect the average real wage of both types of workers
examined.
Implementing a professional development system through appreciative inquiry
Authors: Goldberg Robert A.
Published: April 2007

For many practitioners, appreciative inquiry (AI) is becoming an attractive philosophy of organization change and development. AI methodology has been primarily focused on the development of teams. This article provides case study evidence that AI has broader practical application than most people perceive by describing how the philosophy and methodology of AI has been utilized to establish and implement a strategy to accelerate the professional development of the salesforce of a large, mature consumer products firm.
Simulation tools improve planning and reliability of paint finishing lines
Authors: Kreuzer Bernd , Milojevic Dragoslav
Published: April 2007

Suppliers of industrial paint finishing lines usually have only a relatively short time in which to submit tenders for the lines and get them up and running. “Simultaneous engineering” meets this need. Focuses on simulation software which allows the behaviour of projected installations as well as the associated physical and logistical processes to be examined in detail. Describes the 3D simulation system currently being used by ABB to determine object motion and material flow.
Knowledge and continuous innovation
Authors: Boer Harry , Caffyn Sarah , Corso Mariano , Coughlan Paul , Gieskes José , Magnusson Mats , Pavesi Sara , Ronchi Stefano
Published: April 2007

Competition today is forcing companies to increase their effectiveness through exploiting synergy and learning in product innovation. Literature, however, is still mainly focused on how product development projects, seen largely as isolated efforts, should be organised and managed. This article proposes a model to describe and explain how companies can gain a substantive competitive advantage by extending their innovation efforts to other phases of the product life cycle and by facilitating knowledge transfer and learning both within the company and with other partner organisations. The model is based on collaborative research by the authors, based on their involvement in the Euro‐Australian co‐operation project CIMA (Euro‐Australian co‐operation centre for Continuous Improvement and innovation MAnagement).
New paradigms in planning and control across manufacturing supply chains ‐ The utilisation of Internet technologies
Authors: Kehoe D.F. , Boughton N.J.
Published: April 2007

Discusses some of the key elements of research which will investigate the role of the Internet within the manufacturing supply chain and, in particular, focuses on its impact on the manufacturing planning and control operation. Although much of the current Internet discussion focuses on sales and marketing applications, step change improvements in the management of the supply chain are possible using the same fundamental technologies. However, it is argued that a paradigm shift in the way in which manufacturing companies plan and control their operations is required if full advantage is to be gained; an alternative to the traditional linear transfer of information within supply chains is required. The Internet provides the opportunity for demand data and supply capacity data to be visible to all companies within a manufacturing supply chain, consequently companies can be in a position to anticipate demand fluctuations and respond accordingly. This is in contrast to the more established reactive approach. This paper proposes the development of supply webs and a more interactive approach to supply chain partnering and identifies some of the research issues within this context to facilitate the development of Internet‐based manufacturing planning and control.
Rapid prototyping: a key to fast tracking design to manufacture
Authors: Graham Simon
Published: April 2007

Describes recent advances in rapid prototyping using a new ink jet style binder fluid that speeds up prototype manufacture by a factor of ten. Also cites numerous application examples and cost benefits.
Design opportunities with rapid manufacturing
Authors: Hague Richard , Mansour Saeed , Saleh Naguib
Published: April 2007

The advent of rapid manufacturing (RM) will have profound implications on all aspects of product development and manufacture. Within the design discipline, three areas are of importance, namely, design freedom, material properties and changes to the design process. These issues are currently under investigation as part of an EPSRC funded research project and this paper will outline the effects of RM on the design process with the introduction of RM and give the progress of the project to date.
Electronic or paper journals? Budgetary, collection development, and user satisfaction questions
Authors: Gyeszly Suzanne D.
Published: April 2007

The escalating price of the rapidly growing number of electronic journals, databases, indexes, and books, along with traditionally published print subscriptions and monographs, will soon force library administrators and collection development officers to make decisions between electronic or print products in the new millennium. The increasing costs of the dual format subscriptions or indexes are unfeasible and perhaps even unnecessary from the users’ point of view in the disciplines of political science and economics. The researcher compared the annual subscription prices and the percentage increases of the 203 core printed journals with their electronic counterparts in the disciplines of political science and economics during the 1998‐2000 academic years. The complete list of electronically available titles was identified and priced, then titles costing greater than $500 were separated. The electronic use statistics were examined for the expensive serials, based upon the numbers of hits cumulated by users’ requests via the Web sites of the Texas A&M University Libraries. After the pricing information and use statistics for both electronic and printed resources were produced, the researcher had a clear answer to the electronic and paper dilemma.
Report on the National Book Festival, September 8, 2001
Authors: Stevens Roberta A.
Published: April 2007

Reports on the National Book Festival held on 8 September 2001, at the East Lawn of the US Capitol and in the Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Buildings of the Library of Congress, in the USA. States that as the first‐ever celebration in the capital it attracted between 25,000 and 30,000 people who came to have books signed, listen to music, stories, meet storybook characters and learn about organizations that promote reading.
Digital libraries: new initiatives with worldwide implications
Authors: Berry John W.
Published: April 2007

We are witnessing an explosion of digital information, some of it in unstructured repositories, some in still primitive digital libraries. This trend is certain to accelerate as the National Information Infrastructure (NII) and Global Information Infrastructure (GII) become a reality. Several digital library projects in the USA and abroad are in progress, with the goal of developing the enabling technologies for creating a single, integrated and “universal” library, composed of the large numbers of individual heterogeneous repositories. These include materials in personal information collections, collections in conventional libraries, and large data collections shared by scientists, engineers and other researchers. Six US institutions received funding for Digital Library Initiatives in the fall of 1994. In addition, the Library of Congress (LC) has a National Digital Library Project under way that is funded, in part, by private corporations and foundations to make some of its large text and image collections accessible via computer networks. Focuses on projects at Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Illinois and the Library of Congress, including how these initiatives will affect the way image and text archives are organized as we enter the next century, and their implications for the international community. Addresses the following issues: how can we encourage global intellectual access and p articipation by our citizenry? How does one locate (“navigate”) information of interest in a very large, distributed and possibly disconnected collection of libraries and archives around the world? And how can we protect the intellectual property of authors and publishers and detect violations in this new information environment?
Interview with Anthony Ferguson, Columbia University Libraries
Authors: Cassell Kay Ann
Published: April 2007

Outlines the interviewee’s role in the libraries, how collection development is organized, the collection development policy, how materials are acquired, cooperative arrangements with other libraries and the impact of electronic resources.
Building collections for accreditation: a case study
Authors: White Gary W.
Published: April 2007

The Capital College of Pennsylvania State University received accreditation from the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) in 1998 for all of its undergraduate and graduate business programs. This article outlines the activities performed by librarians to aid in the accreditation process, with an emphasis on collection development activities. Included is a discussion of types of reports and information requested, techniques used to build collections for accreditation purposes, methods used to evaluate collections, an overview of the accreditation team’s site visit to the library, and a copy of the final report submitted by the library. An overview of the AACSB and library requirements for accreditation are also included.
Recent developments in self‐validating (SEVA) sensors
Authors: Henry Manus
Published: April 2007

This paper provides a brief overview of recent developments in the field of self‐validating (SEVA) sensors. The fundamentals of SEVA are described, using the example of a dissolved oxygen sensor. UK standardisation activities are then discussed along with moves towards commercialisation. Finally, some recent research results based on a coriolis mass flow meter are presented.