bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Degenerative retrolisthesis
Authors: Jeon C-H. , Park J-U. , Chung N-S. , Son K-H. , Lee Y-S. , Kim J-J.
Published: August 2013

We investigated the spinopelvic morphology and global sagittal balance of patients with a degenerative retrolisthesis or anterolisthesis. A total of 269 consecutive patients with a degenerative spondylolisthesis were included in this study. There were 95 men and 174 women with a mean age of 64.3 years (sd 10.5; 40 to 88). A total of 106 patients had a pure retrolisthesis (R group), 130 had a pure anterolisthesis (A group), and 33 had both (R+A group).

A backward slip was found in the upper lumbar levels (mostly L2 or L3) with an almost equal gender distribution in both the R and R+A groups. The pelvic incidence and sacral slope of the R group were significantly lower than those of the A (both p < 0.001) and R+A groups (both p < 0.001). The lumbar lordosis of the R+A group was significantly greater than that of the R (p = 0.025) and A groups (p = 0.014). The C7 plumb line of the R group was located more posteriorly than that of the A group (p = 0.023), but was no different from than that of the R+A group (p = 0.422). The location of C7 plumb line did not differ between the three groups (p = 0.068). The spinosacral angle of the R group was significantly smaller than that of the A group (p < 0.001) and R+A group (p < 0.001).

Our findings imply that there are two types of degenerative retrolisthesis: one occurs primarily as a result of degeneration in patients with low pelvic incidence, and the other occurs secondarily as a compensatory mechanism in patients with an anterolisthesis and high pelvic incidence.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1244–9.
Early outcomes of staged bilateral reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Wiater B. P. , Boone C. R. , Koueiter D. M. , Wiater J. M.
Published: August 2013

Some surgeons are reluctant to perform a reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) on both shoulders because of concerns regarding difficulty with activities of daily living post-operatively as a result of limited rotation of the shoulders. Nevertheless, we hypothesised that outcomes and patient satisfaction following bilateral RTSA would be comparable to those following unilateral RTSA. A single-surgeon RTSA registry was reviewed for patients who underwent bilateral staged RTSA with a minimum follow-up of two years. A unilateral RTSA matched control was selected for each shoulder in those patients undergoing bilateral procedures. The Constant–Murley score (CMS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Subjective Shoulder Values (SSV), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, range of movement and strength were measured pre- and post-operatively. The mean CMS, ASES, SSV, VAS scores, strength and active forward elevation were significantly improved (all p < 0.01) following each operation in those undergoing bilateral procedures. The mean active external rotation (p = 0.63 and p = 0.19) and internal rotation (p = 0.77 and p = 0.24) were not significantly improved. The improvement in the mean ASES score after the first RTSA was greater than the improvement in its control group (p = 0.0039). The improvement in the mean CMS, ASES scores and active forward elevation was significantly less after the second RTSA than in its control group (p = 0.0244, p = 0.0183, and p = 0.0280, respectively). Pain relief and function significantly improved after each RTSA in those undergoing a bilateral procedure.

Bilateral RTSA is thus a reasonable form of treatment for patients with severe bilateral rotator cuff deficiency, although inferior results may be seen after the second procedure compared with the first.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1232–8.
Gastrocnemius flap reconstruction of soft-tissue defects following infected total knee replacement
Authors: Corten K. , Struelens B. , Evans B. , Graham E. , Bourne R. B. , MacDonald S. J.
Published: August 2013

A soft-tissue defect over an infected total knee replacement (TKR) presents a difficult technical problem that can be treated with a gastrocnemius flap, which is rotated over the defect during the first-stage of a revision procedure. This facilitates wound healing and the safe introduction of a prosthesis at the second stage. We describe the outcome at a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (1 to 10) in 24 patients with an infected TKR who underwent this procedure. A total of 22 (92%) eventually obtained a satisfactory result. The mean Knee Society score improved from 53 pre-operatively to 103 at the latest follow-up (p < 0.001). The mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index and Short-Form 12 score also improved significantly (p < 0.001).

This form of treatment can be used reliably and safely to treat many of these complex cases where control of infection, retention of the components and acceptable functional recovery are the primary goals.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1217–21.
Long-term results of the Hohmann and Lapidus procedure for the correction of hallux valgus
Authors: Faber F. W. M. , van Kampen P. M. , Bloembergen M. W.
Published: August 2013

As it remains unproven that hypermobility of the first tarsometatarsal joint (TMTJ-1) is a significant factor in hallux valgus deformity, the necessity for including arthrodesis of TMTJ-1 as part of a surgical correction of a hallux valgus is questionable. In order to evaluate the role of this arthrodesis on the long-term outcome of hallux valgus surgery, a prospective, blinded, randomised study with long-term follow-up was performed, comparing the Lapidus procedure (which includes such an arthrodesis) with a simple Hohmann distal closing wedge metatarsal osteotomy. The study cohort comprised 101 feet in 87 patients: 50 feet were treated with a Hohmann procedure and 51 with a Lapidus procedure. Hypermobility of TMTJ-1 was assessed pre-operatively by clinical examination. After a mean of 9.25 years (7.25 to 11.42), 91 feet in 77 patients were available for follow-up. There was no difference in clinical or radiological outcome between the two procedures. Also, there was no difference in outcome between the two procedures in the subgroup clinically assessed as hypermobile. This study does not support the theory that a hallux valgus deformity in a patient with a clinically assessed hypermobile TMTJ-1 joint requires fusion of the first tarso-metatarsal joint.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2013;95-B:1222–6.
Don't forget your hammer if you want to go to work!
Authors: Draman Mohd Shazli , Brennan Aoife , Cullen Michael , Nolan John
Published: August 2013

Bilateral lower limb paraesthesia is a common diabetic neuropathy presentation in any busy diabetic clinics. We present a case of a 28-year-old man with a long history of type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with bilateral paraesthesia of both feet and unsteady gait. The patient was able to feel a 10 g monofilament. The presence of brisk reflexes and upgoing plantars in this patient were pointers that further evaluation was warranted. Further investigations revealed diagnosis of subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord. The patient had rapid symptomatic improvement with i.m. vitamin B12 injection. The high volume of patients attending the outpatients with diabetes and paraesthesia can blind us to other possible diagnoses. This article emphasizes that peripheral neuropathy in a diabetic may be due to aetiologies other than diabetes.

Learning points

Pernicious anaemia is known to be more common in patients with type 1 diabetes.

Cobalamin deficiency is reversible if detected early enough and treated by B12 replacement.

By contrast, diabetic neuropathy is generally a progressive complication of diabetes.

Peripheral neuropathy in a diabetic may be due to aetiologies other than diabetes.
Moving forward: fostering the next generation of Earth stewards in the STEM disciplines
Authors: Colón-Rivera Ricardo J , Marshall Kellen , Soto-Santiago Francisco J , Ortiz-Torres Dorimar , Flower Charles E
Published: August 2013

Graduate students in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines struggle with developing research agendas that balance the overall goals of their work with questions of civic concern. The Earth Stewardship Initiative helps to resolve this disparity. Furthermore, connecting STEM research to civic concerns increases the relevance of research and facilitates the development of cross‐disciplinary approaches. We describe how STEM graduate students can incorporate Earth Stewardship into their research, identify opportunities for educational institutions to support such research, and discuss the potential benefits of, and barriers to, linking Earth Stewardship to graduate‐level studies.
Allelopathic Influence of a Wheat or Rye Cover Crop on Growth and Yield of No‐Till Cotton
Authors: Li Yue , Allen V. G. , Chen J. , Hou F. , Brown C. P. , Green P.
Published: August 2013

No‐till planting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) into small grain cover crops has many benefits including allelopathic suppression of weeds but potential to also suppress cotton has been suggested. We investigated effects of rye (Secale cereal L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), or no cover crop on no‐till planted cotton in a 3‐yr field‐plot experiment (randomized block design; 4 blocks), conducted at the Texas Tech Field Laboratory, New Deal. Soil was Pullman clay loam (fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Torrertic Paleustolls). From 2007 to 2009, wheat or rye was planted into one‐half of each replicate plot each September. Growth, removed in May, was chemically terminated with glyphosate. Cultivar FiberMax 9058F cotton was no‐till planted each May and was harvested by December. By the end of the growing season, cotton planted with no cover crop was taller (P < 0.05) than cotton planted into cover crops. Cotton lint and seed yield were reduced (P < 0.05) by cover crops but the magnitude of the effects differed each year. Cotton leaf chlorophyll, measured in September 2009, was greater (P < 0.05) when no cover crop was used than for cotton planted into cover crops. Higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of three allelochemicals [2,4‐dihydroxy‐7‐methoxy‐(2H)‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3(4H)‐one (DIMBOA); 2,4‐dihydroxy‐(2H) ‐1,4‐benzoxazin‐3 (4H)‐one (DIBOA); 2‐benzoxazolinone (BOA)] were detected in soils where cover crops grew than where no cover crops were used but amounts varied due to specific cover crop and sampling date. Results suggest that lower cotton growth and yield due to cover crop may be partly due to their release of allelochemicals.
Mutual Effects of Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Maize Grown Together at Different Densities
Authors: Contreras‐Ramos Silvia M. , Rodriguez‐Campos Jacobo , Saucedo‐García Aurora , Cruz‐Ortega Rocio , Macías‐Rubalcava Martha L. , Hernández‐Bautista Blanca E. , Dendooven Luc , Esqueda‐Esquivel Valentín A. , Anaya Ana Luisa
Published: August 2013

A greenhouse experiment was performed to test whether competition, and possibly allelopathy, were involved in Rottboellia cochinchinensis–maize interactions in two soil conditions: fertilized and unfertilized. Changes in morphological and physiological growth parameters for each species were determined by classical plant growth analysis. The dry weight and total leaf area of maize grown with Rottboellia decreased significantly as the density of the weed or maize plants increased, particularly under unfertilized conditions. At high densities of Rottboellia, regardless of fertilization, its root biomass allocation was 38% greater than the stem and leaf biomass allocation. In contrast, in unfertilized conditions, Rottboellia biomass allocation was higher in leaves than in roots and stems at high densities of maize or Rottboellia. Relative crowding coefficient values indicated that maize had a competitive advantage over Rottboellia. Mutual allelopathic effects of maize–Rottboellia interactions were not fully demonstrated because plant relative yield values were not significant among treatments. When the density of Rottboellia increased, its total leaf area and total dry weight significantly decreased, greater than when the density of maize increased. These results indicate that intra‐specific competition between Rottboellia plants was greater than inter‐specific competition with maize. High densities of maize significantly reduced the total leaf area of maize and Rottboellia. Reductions in the total leaf area of maize were greater under unfertilized conditions. The results showed that maize was more affected by fertilization than by the density of plants.
Transport and storage of heavy metals in the Sava river basin in Serbia
Authors: Vukovic Dubravka , Stankovic Srboljub , Vukovic Zivorad , Jankovic Ksenija
Published: August 2013

Selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) in Sava River water and sediment in
Serbia were investigated on three locations in the vicinity of industrial
and urban settlements (Sabac, Obrenovac, Beograd) during the period spring
2007-autumn 2011. The fluxes of heavy metals from river water to sediment
due to sedimentation and heavy metal re-suspension fluxes due to sediment
re-suspension at a high flow were determined, by applying the model for
assessment of the transport the pollutants through rivers. Those fluxes were
attributed mainly to natural processes.
Haptoglobin 1-1 Genotype Is Associated With Poorer Cognitive Functioning in the Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ravona-Springer Ramit , Heymann Anthony , Schmeidler James , Guerrero-Berroa Elizabeth , Sano Mary , Preiss Rachel , Koifman Keren , Hoffman Hadas , Levy Andrew , Silverman Jeremy M. , Schnaider-Beeri Michal
Published: August 2013

OBJECTIVE

Haptoglobin (Hp) genotype (Hp 1-1, 1-2, or 2-2) is associated with risk for type 2 diabetes complications, but its relationship with cognitive compromise, a growing concern in type 2 diabetes, has rarely been studied. This study investigated whether Hp genotype is associated with cognitive function in cognitively normal elderly diabetic subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Relationships of Hp genotype with episodic memory, semantic categorization, attention/working memory and executive function, and an overall cognitive score were examined in subjects from the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline (IDCD) study.

RESULTS

In the present analysis, 812 subjects participated (84 with Hp 1-1, 335 with Hp 1-2, and 393 with Hp 2-2 genotypes). Average was 72.9 years of age (SD 4.7), and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) was 28.0 (SD 1.8). Compared with subjects with Hp 1-2 genotype, Hp 1-1 subjects performed significantly worse in semantic categorization (F = 7.03; P = 0.008) and the overall cognitive score (F = 5.57; P = 0.02). A separate stepwise multiple regression analysis demonstrated that compared with subjects with Hp 2-2 genotype, Hp 1-1 subjects performed significantly worse in semantic categorization (F = 4.18; P = 0.04) and the overall cognitive score (F = 4.70; P = 0.03). The contribution of cardiovascular risk factors to cognition was significantly higher in subjects with Hp 1-1 genotype compared with Hp 2 carriers (Hp 1-2 and Hp 2-2) in the semantic categorization (P = 0.009) and attention/working memory (P = 0.002) cognitive domains.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared with Hp 2 carriers, those with Hp 1-1 genotype present lower cognitive performance. Stronger relationships between cardiovascular risk factors and cognition in the latter group may suggest an underlying vascular mechanism.
Helminth Parasites of the Three Racerunner Lizards: Eremias pleskei Nikolsky, 1905 (Pleske’s Racerunner-Transcaucasian Racerunner), Eremias strauchi Kessler, 1878 (Strauch’s Racerunner) and Eremias suphani Basoglu & Hellmich, 1968 (Suphan Racerunner) collected from Eastern Part of Turkey
Authors: Düşen S. , Kumlutaş Y. , Ilgaz Ç. , Yaka H. , Karadayi F.
Published: August 2013

In this investigation, a total of 44 racerunner lizard samples (Eremias pleskei, Eremias strauchi, and Eremias suphani) collected from eastern part of Turkey were examined for the first time for helminths. Eremias pleskei was harboured 1 species of acanthocepalan (in cystacanth stage), E. strauchi was harboured 2 species of nematodes, and E. suphani was harboured 3 species of nematodes and 1 species of cestode. E. strauchi represents a new host record for Spauligodon eremiasi, and Spauligodon saxicolae E. suphani represents a new host record for Spauligodon eremiasi, S. saxicolae, Physaloptera sp., and Oochoristica tuberculata, and also, E. pleskei represents a new host record for unidentified acanthocepalan (in cystacanth stage). Also, Turkey is a new locality record for Spauligodon eremiasi.
The 2010 JOSPT Editorial Team
Authors: Simoneau Guy G.
Published: August 2013

Editor-in-Chief Dr. Guy Simoneau recognizes the authors, associate editors, International Editorial Review Board members, and manuscript and musculoskeletal imaging reviewers who contributed to the various aspects of the Journal over the past 12 months. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(12):771–773. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0110
Comparison of Lumbar Proprioception as Measured in Unrestrained Standing in Individuals With Disc Replacement, With Low Back Pain and Without Low Back Pain
Authors: Hobbs Amanda J. , Adams Roger D. , Shirley Debra , Hillier Terence M.
Published: August 2013

Study Design

Cross-sectional laboratory study.

Objective

To determine whether individuals with spinal pain and those who have undergone spinal surgery have difficulty discriminating small movement differences using a spinal proprioception test for active flexion movements.

Background

Structures contributing to proprioception may be affected during disc replacement surgery. Postsurgical assessment of proprioceptive ability to make discriminations in the range used for maintaining upright postural stability is needed to inform postoperative rehabilitation.

Methods

Proprioceptive sensitivity to differences between lumbar spine movements of 11°, 13°, 15°, 17°, and 19° of forward flexion was measured in unrestrained standing, with vision of the target obscured. Individuals after disc replacement (n = 16), with disc degeneration and discogenic back pain (n = 19), and without back pain (n = 18) performed 50 movement trials and stated the amount of movement performed for each trial (11°, 13°, 15°, 17°, or 19°).

Results

The pattern of discrimination scores between adjacent lumbar flexion movement pairs shown by the individuals in the discogenic back pain group differed significantly from the disc replacement and healthy control groups (P = .024), which were not significantly different from each other. Although mean discrimination scores averaged over all movement pairs did not differ significantly between the groups, participants with discogenic back pain discriminated between the 2 smallest lumbar flexion movements significantly better than those in the other 2 groups (P = .013).

Conclusion

The greater sensitivity of the individuals with disc pain to discriminate between the 2 smallest flexion movements was interpreted as a contrast effect arising from differences between the groups in usual upright posture, with disc replacement restoring the same pattern of posture as seen for healthy controls. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(7):439‱446. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3149
Hypertensive slit ventricle syndrome: pseudotumor cerebri with a malfunctioning shunt?
Authors: Bateman Grant A.
Published: August 2013

Symptomatic shunt malfunction without ventricular enlargement is known as slit ventricle syndrome (SVS). Patients presenting with this syndrome are not a homogeneous group. Of the 5 different types classified by Rekate, Type 1 is caused by CSF overdrainage and is associated with low pressures; Types 2 and 3 are associated with shunt blockage and elevated CSF pressures; Type 4 is cephalocranial disproportion that increases brain parenchymal pressure but not CSF pressure; and Type 5 is headache unrelated to shunt function. The low and normal CSF pressure types are relatively well understood, but the high-pressure forms are more problematic. In the high-pressure forms of SVS it is said that the lack of ventricular dilation is related to a reduction in brain compliance analogous to idiopathic intracranial hypertension or pseudotumor cerebri. Despite this, there is little evidence in the literature to support this conjecture. With this in mind, 3 cases of SVS associated with elevated CSF pressure are presented. The MR venogram findings and hemodynamics of these 3 cases are shown to be identical to those of pseudotumor cerebri. A literature review indicates that an underlying venous impairment may be functioning in the patients who re-present with small ventricles following shunt malfunction.
The prevalence of patient safety indicators and hospital-acquired conditions in patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms: establishing standard performance measures using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database
Authors: Fargen Kyle M. , Neal Dan , Rahman Maryam , Hoh Brian L.
Published: August 2013

Object

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) patient safety indicators (PSIs) and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) are publicly reported metrics used to gauge the quality of health care provided by health care institutions. To better understand the prevalence of these events in hospitalized patients treated for ruptured cerebral aneurysms, the authors determined the incidence rates of PSIs and HACs among patients with a diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage and procedure codes for either coiling or clipping in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database.

Methods

The authors queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, part of the AHRQ's Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, for all hospitalizations between 2002 and 2010 involving coiling or clipping of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. The incidence rate of each PSI and HAC was determined by searching the hospital records for ICD-9 codes. The authors used the SAS statistical software package to calculate incidence rates and perform multivariate analyses to determine the effects of patient variables on the probability of developing each indicator.

Results

There were 62,972 patient admissions with a diagnosis code of subarachnoid hemorrhage between the years 2002 and 2010; 10,274 (16.3%) underwent clipping and 8248 (13.1%) underwent endovascular coiling. A total of 6547 PSI and HAC events occurred within the 10,274 patients treated with clipping; at least 1 PSI or HAC occurred in 47.9% of these patients. There were 5623 total PSI and HAC events among the 8248 patients treated with coils; at least 1 PSI or HAC occurred in 51.0% of coil-treated patients. Age, sex, comorbidities, hospital size, and hospital type had statistically significant associations with indicator occurrence. Compared with patients without events, those treated by either clipping or coiling and had at least 1 PSI during their hospitalization had significantly longer lengths of stay (p < 0.001), higher hospital costs (p < 0.001), and higher in-hospital mortality rates (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

These results estimate baseline national rates of PSIs and HACs in patients treated for ruptured cerebral aneurysms. These data may be used to gauge individual institutional quality of care and patient safety metrics in comparison with national data.
Expression of heat shock proteins in medulloblastoma
Authors: Alexiou George A. , Vartholomatos George , Stefanaki Kalliopi , Patereli Amalia , Dova Lefkothea , Karamoutsios Achilleas , Lallas George , Sfakianos George , Moschovi Maria , Prodromou Neofytos
Published: August 2013

Object

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) comprise a superfamily of proteins that serve as molecular chaperones and are overexpressed in a wide range of human cancers. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the expression of HSP27 (pSer82), HSP27 (pSer15), HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90-α, Akt, and phospho-Akt by multiplex bead array assay of MBs. The results of HSP and Akt expression were correlated with MB subtype; immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 index, bcl-2, and p53; and patients' prognosis.

Methods

The authors retrospectively evaluated 25 children with MB who underwent surgery. Immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67, p53, and bcl-2 expression was performed in all cases. By using multiplex bead array assay, a simultaneous detection of HSP27 (pSer82), HSP27 (pSer15), HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90-α, Akt, and phospho-Akt was performed.

Results

Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity had significantly lower HSP27 (pSer15) expression (p = 0.039) but significantly higher HSP60 expression (p = 0.021) than classic MB. Large-cell MB had significantly higher HSP70 expression (p = 0.028) than classic MB. No significant difference was found between HSP27 (pSer82), HSP40, HSP90-α, Akt, or phospho-Akt expression and MB subtype. Large-cell MBs had significantly higher Ki-67 index compared with classic MBs (p = 0.033). When analyzing all MBs, there was a significant negative correlation between HSP27 (pSer15) and Ki-67 index (r = −0.475, p = 0.016); a significant positive correlation between HSP70 expression and Ki-67 index (r = 0.407, p = 0.043); and a significant positive correlation between HSP70 expression and bcl-2 index (r = 0.491, p = 0.023). Patients with large-cell MB had a worse survival than those with classic MB, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.076).

Conclusions

A substantial expression of several HSPs in MB was observed. Given that HSPs represent an attractive strategy for anticancer therapy, further studies, involving larger series of patients, are obviously necessary to clarify the relationship of HSPs with tumor aggressiveness and prognosis.
Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Streblus asper Leaves from Various Drying Methods
Authors: Ibrahim Nor , Mat Ishak , Lim Vuanghao , Ahmad Ruzita
Published: August 2013

Aqueous and ethanol extracts of oven and freeze-dried Streblus asper leaves were investigated using DPPH assay. The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extracts, which were detected by Folin and colorimetric assays, respectively, may be responsible for the antioxidant activities of S. asper. The different drying treatments resulted in significant differences (p < 0.05) in the antioxidant properties as well as the phenolic and flavonoid contents of the S. asper extracts. Freeze-dried S. asper leaf extracts exhibited high DPPH radical scavenging activity ranging from 69.48% ± 0.03% to 89.25% ± 0.01% at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1 mg/mL, significantly higher compared with the oven-dried extracts which were in the range of 68.56% ± 0.01% to 86.68% ± 0.01%. Generally, the 70% ethanol extract of the freeze-dried samples exhibited higher phenolic and flavonoid content than the aqueous extract, with values of 302.85 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g and 22.70 ± 0.02 mg QE/g compared with 226.8 ± 0.03 mg GAE/g and 15.38 ± 0.05 mg QE/g, respectively. This study showed that S. asper leaf extracts contain a number of health promoting bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, and are potential sources of natural antioxidants.
Biological Activities and Phytochemicals of Swietenia macrophylla King
Authors: Moghadamtousi Soheil , Goh Bey , Chan Chim , Shabab Tara , Kadir Habsah
Published: August 2013

Swietenia macrophylla King (Meliaceae) is an endangered and medicinally important plant indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of the World. S. macrophylla has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various diseases. The review reveals that limonoids and its derivatives are the major constituents of S. macrophylla. There are several data in the literature indicating a great variety of pharmacological activities of S. macrophylla, which exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, antimutagenic, anticancer, antitumor and antidiabetic activities. Various other activities like anti-nociceptive, hypolipidemic, antidiarrhoeal, anti-infective, antiviral, antimalarial, acaricidal, antifeedant and heavy metal phytoremediation activity have also been reported. In view of the immense medicinal importance of S. macrophylla, this review aimed at compiling all currently available information on its ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of S. macrophylla, showing its importance.
Une forme de villages médiévaux concentrés : le cas du Bas-Razès (Aude)
Authors: Baudreu Dominique
Published: August 2013

Dans le centre-ouest du département de l'Aude, le Bas-Razès constitue un petit pays du piémont pyrénéen. Il appartenait à l'ancien comté de Razès dont l'histoire fut très tôt liée à celle du comté, puis de la vicomte de Carcassonne.

La description de 29 villages actuels à l'échelle du Bas-Razès fait apparaître un réseau très dense d'agglomérations compactes nées au Moyen Age. Elles sont l'illustration locale de l'incastellamento, qui entre la fin du XIe s. et le XIIIe s. est venu modifier la répartition du peuplement de la Provence à la Gascogne. Ces villages castraux présentent une forme circulaire, en général bien conservée, et étaient anciennement limités par des fossés collectifs souvent limitrophes de barris.

Les surfaces des enceintes sont dans les deux-tiers des cas de faible importance (inférieures ou égales à 5.000 m2). Le peuplement villageois s'est organisé autour d'un château aujourd'hui disparu mais aussi plus rarement autour d'une église.

Les mentions textuelles donnent quelques indications sur le peuplement pré-castral encore largement méconnu et laisse en grande partie dans l'ombre la gestation des nouvelles agglomérations. Ici comme dans d'autres régions, l'encel- lulement des hommes est la résultante matérielle des nouvelles structures socio-politiques apparues au XIe s.

Le rôle géo-politique du castrum d'Alaigne, chef-lieu actuel de canton, a dû être déterminant tout au long du Moyen Age. Il semble avoir été jusqu'au XIIe s. le siège d'une petite vicomte.

A la fin du Moyen Age, ce sont les enceintes collectives qui tiennent lieu de défense principale au détriment des châteaux seigneuriaux primitifs (sauf dans les rares cas où ils ont pu être transformés en forts collectifs).
Recherches archéologiques sur le site de l'église de Saint-Martin de Celle, Maubourguet (Hautes-Pyrénées)
Authors: Doussau Sylvain
Published: August 2013

Au milieu de la plaine de Bigorre, la ville de Maubourguet possède une église paroissiale romane, Saint-Martin, dont l'intérêt a depuis longtemps été reconnu par les historiens de l'art. Cet édifice avait fait l'objet de quelques sondages archéologiques pratiqués alentour et qui permettaient de supposer une occupation du site bien antérieure au Moyen Age.

En 1983 et 1984 l'église de Maubourguet a été fermée au culte dans le cadre d'un programme de restauration des Monuments Historiques. Une équipe d'archéologues bénévoles a su profiter de cette opportunité pour fouiller partiellement et avec des moyens limités le sous-sol de l'église. Cette recherche, organisée en sondages, a permis effectivement de mettre en évidence une continuité d'occupation depuis l'Antiquité. La découverte d'une église paléochrétienne à nef unique et chevet pentagonal, bâtie sur les vestiges d'un important édifice antique semble attester la christianisation d'un vicus. A cet édifice de dimensions modestes a succédé une église carolingienne à chevet semi-circulaire et transept, qui marque la présence d'une communauté religieuse. Celle-ci conduira à la fondation, au XIe siècle, en ce même lieu, du prieuré bénédictin Saint-Martin de Celle. L'église du XIe siècle à trois absides et nef unique sera agrandie au XIIe siècle par l'adjonction de collatéraux.
Trois trésors médiévaux : Castelnaudary, Aude, XIIIe s., Burlats, Tarn, XIVe s., Bordeaux, Gironde, XIVe s
Authors: Depeyrot Georges , Belaubre Jean , Cazes Jean-Paul , Broecker Régine
Published: August 2013

Several medieval treasures, discovered in Southern France and characteristic of the period of introduction and development of Royal Coinage, are published here. The treasures of Castelnaudary (13th c, 1744 coins), of Burlats (14th c., 1704 coins) and of Bordeaux (14th c., 308 coins) are excellent indicators of the disappearance of Feodal Coinage, and the effects of the monetary crisis ofthe beginning of the 14th century in this region. In a few decades coinage was to become totally modified in its composition.
Les églises rurales du premier âge roman dans le Rouergue méridional
Authors: Durand Geneviève
Published: August 2013

In the Middle Ages, the South of the Aveyron department belonged to the ancient Rouergue county, the history of which soon came to be connected with that of the Toulouse county. In the Southern part of the province, the viscounts of Millau and Albi soon freed themselves from this domination ; in the XIth century, their matrimonial policy took them awayfrom this région.

The twelve investigated buildings, which belonged to the Rodez diocese at the time, have a very different status : old private churches, parish churches, priories. Analysis of the charters has shown that in the XIth century, their number was much higher. The architectural investigation shows a fondness of solutions inherited from the past, particularly from the preromanesque period : layout with a single nave and a quadrangular apse, with in two cases, low transept, rustic bond, narrow Windows, horseshoe arches, poor sculpture... Nevertheless, a certain evolution concernig the shapes and building techniques can be seen. Some characteristic features of Rouergue are to be noticed: narrow windows placed under the roofs, windows arranged in a triangle pattern with point downwards on the eastern wall ofthe apse, rounded angles of the whole building outside.

Thus southern Rouergue has no knowledge whatsoever about the building techniques of « the first southern roman art » largely used in the Mediterranean regions. On the contrary, it chooses to remain true to other models, native ones, and widely used throughout the Christian West. This model, so well adapted to the needs of the rural populations, perhaps originates from the funeral basilica.
Poteries grises médiévales produites à Saint-Gilles du Gard
Authors: Leenhardt Marie , Thiriot Jacques
Published: August 2013

The important documentation about ceramics, obtained from the medieval potiers ovens at Saint-Gilles du Gard, has made it possible to characterize the various productions ofthis workshop, and to set afirst typology. Besides the «pegau », representing the majority, coexist less known new shapes in grey ceramic, in particular, pots with horizontal handles on the side, open shapes and various jugs.

This production presents a low-rhodanian aspect, and dates from the end of the XIVth century, as the typologie data and the archaeomagnetic investigation demonstrate.

The wide persistence of burning in reducing atmosphere in the Eastern Languedoc in this period, is thus proved.

The use of several clay types within the same workshop, suggested by the external observation and proved by the laboratory analysis, tells us how a workshop functioned. Above ail, it incites the archaeologist, who undertakes some investigations about the places oforigin offinished items, to be extremely careful when interpreting the observed groups.
Le cloître-cimetière Saint-Jean de Perpignan : observations
Authors: Mallet Géraldine
Published: August 2013

Le cloître-cimetière Saint- Jean de Perpignan (1), situé au sud de la cathédrale Saint- Jean-Baptiste près de la chapelle du Dévot Christ, était en construction dès le début du XIVe siècle. Il recueillit les dépouilles mortelles des paroissiens de Saint- Jean jusqu'à la veille de la Révolution Française. En 1825, l'évêque de Perpignan y fit élever les bâtiments du nouveau séminaire diocésien. Vers 1909, la Gendarmerie Nationale et le service des Archives Départementales s'y installèrent, jusqu'en 1982. Depuis, des travaux ont été engagés afin de restaurer ce site exceptionnel, qui devrait être ouvert au public dans un proche avenir
Fouille de la place Antonin Poncet à Lyon
Authors: Becker Christine , Macé Sylvain , Mandy Marie-Odile , Vicard T. , Auger Michelle
Published: August 2013

The place Antonin Poncet is right at the heart of Lyon, near the place Bellecour.

The archeological research done on this area has now for the most part been completed by additional laboratory analyses (using dendrochronology and sedimentology), by research in the archives and by the study of ceramics and glassware unearthed during the dig.

The multidisciplinary nature of the work has enabled better under standing of modem urban developments in one sector and the évolution ofthe micro-community as a whole. There were three major developments : an embankment bulit in the mid sixteenth century, the establishment of the Hospital de la Charité on the rue de la Charité at the beginning of the seventeenth century, andfinally the creation of the place de la Charité in the mid seventeeth century.

The study of particulary interesting samples ofceramic and glassware discovered during the excavations for modem constructions in wells and septic tanks has also shed light on the tableware used in seventeenth century Lyon.
Un village castral de la plaine lauragaise : Lasbordes (Aude)
Authors: Cazes Jean-Paul
Published: August 2013

Following a rescue excavation in Lasbordes church, architectural and topographie observations together with information from the archives have made it possible to retrace the history of this Lauragais village, which once belonged to the Toulouse county.

The surrounding landscape, which was ruled during the early Middle Ages by small contry churches, was subsequently to restructure itself around Lasbordes castle. There is still some uncertainty as to the origin of the site and that of the church, but towards the end of the XIIth century, the urban centre became a castrum, that is a fortified village, typical in the Languedoc during the lower Middle Ages. Housing was organized around the castle in a circular pattern, as is often the case in the region. The church was rebuilt and enlarged at the end of the XlIIth century and became the parish centre of the Lasbordes locality. Finally, a good représentation of the village and of its components can be reconstituted for the end of the XVIth century.
Hyères (Var). Fouilles de l'église Saint-Pierre et de ses abords
Authors: Brien Françoise , Lagrue J.-P. , Laurier Françoise , Pasqualini Michel , Vecchione M. , Parent Florence , Lustrac Jacques de , Guyon Jean , Gadea Étienne
Published: August 2013

En 1989, à Hyères, à la suite d'un projet d'aménagement d'un jardin public, ont pu être fouillés les vestiges d'une église médiévale traditionnellement identifiée à l'église Saint-Pierre, première église paroissiale d'Hyères d'après les archives. La fouille n'a pas permis de dater les vestiges mis au jour aussi haut que ne le voulaient ces textes, ce qui laisse planer un doute sur son identification avec l'église paroissiale des XIII/XIVCS siècles. Par la suite, un cimetière (plus de 170 tombes) est aménagé au XVIIe siècle dans cette église qui devient au XVIII0 siècle une Chapelle de Pénitent. En marge de l'église ont été aussi fouillés sept fonds de cabandes qui apportent des renseignements sur l'évolution du bâti de la ville haute d'Hyères à la fin du Moyen Age.
L'église Sainte-Marie de Castello d'Empuries et son décor sculpté(Catalogne)
Authors: Carsalade Monique
Published: August 2013

The Sainte Marie de Castelló d'Empùries church in Spanish Catalonia, was rebuilt from the end of the XIIIth century up to the XVth century. Elements from the ancient building subsist. The carving of the capitals, of the keystones and of the western portal, is of great interest. Thus, Sainte Marie's church appears as a beautiful example of the gothic Catalan architecture and sculpture.
La topographie de Lyon au Moyen Age
Authors: Gauthiez Bernard
Published: August 2013

A lot of studies have been made on Lyons, a town that could be considered well known. A systematic study of the topography of the town in the Middle Ages, using particularly the regressive method, together with a deep investigation in the archives, allows details to be given of the outstanding morphological blocks, like the precincts, the building plots, or the main channels of communication and their evolution.

Some facts and their dating remain nevertheless at a stage of hypothesis, partly because little archeological information is available, in comparison with the involved questions. It is thus possible to outline the town of the IXth century, reduced to a block ofecclesiastical buildings and their outbuildings. The growth really occurs slowly in the XIth century, then at an accelerating rate between the years 1180 and 1230, after this the town did not become bigger until the XVIth century.

The three main parts of Lyons seem to have followed a parallel growth, around the districts of St-Just and St-Irénée to the South-East, St-Jean and St-Paul on the right bank of the Saône, and around Notre-Dame-de-la-Platière, probably the heart of the town as known in the IXth century on the peninsula.
Éléments pour une typologie de la céramique au XVIe siècle en Corse: Le bastion de Saint-Georges à Algajola (Haute-Corse)
Authors: Istria Daniel , Marchesi Henri
Published: August 2013

On the north-western coast of Corsica, Algajola is a citadel founded by the Saint-Georges Bank in the mid XVth century. An excavation in order to preserve the Saint-Georges bastion, permitted to bring to light and ground level a circular tower, probably belonging to the original fortification. This intervention principally brought about the discovery of an homogeneous quantity of ceramics, consisting of local production and imports, essentially Italian, particularly interesting for providing knowledge of the crockery used in Corsica in the XVIth century.
Étude archéologique et architecturale du site castral de Ratières (Drôme)
Authors: Remy Isabelle
Published: August 2013

Le site de Ratières, situé dans le nord de la Drôme, s'organise à partir d'un donjon octogonal qui, juché sur un tertre, domine une basse-cour de forme oblongue. A proximité du donjon, à l'Ouest, s'est installé un bâtiment rectangulaire à deux niveaux d'élévation qui, probablement, tenait lieu d'écurie à une époque récente. Sur une partie méridionale et inférieure de la basse-cour, à l'Est, se tient une maison d'habitation ainsi qu'une bergerie.

Le donjon, inscrit à l'Inventaire Supplémentaire des Monuments Historiques depuis le 21 octobre 1926, a fait l'objet d'une étude monographique dès 1988, signée par M. BOIS puis d'un mémoire de maîtrise, effectué à Lyon II, en 1993. L'intérêt s'était jusqu'alors porté essentiellement sur le donjon octogonal, jusqu'à cette même année 1993 ou le site est devenu le théâtre de fouilles de sauvetage. Il a donc été permis de mettre en place des jalons chronologiques, depuis le XIVe et jusqu'au XIXe siècle, mis en évidence notamment par l'étude architecturale de l'ensemble des bâtiments, tandis que l'enquête archéologique indiquait une occupation antérieure à celle du donjon octogonal, datée elle, du XIIe s.
Le décor sculpté de la crypte de l'église Saint-Hippolyte de Thonon (Haute-Savoie)
Authors: Lassalle Victor
Published: August 2013

La crypte de l'église Saint-Hippolyte de Thonon, dépendance de Saint-Martin d'Ainay, montre des chapiteaux, remontant sans doute au second quart du Xlle siècle, dont quelques-uns imitent, en tout ou en partie, certains de ceux de l'abbaye lyonnaise. Les deux plus remarquables d'entre eux prolongent les expériences originales menées dans celle-ci. Par une raréfaction progressive, d'ouest en est, de l'ornementation, ils donnent un écho atténué au parti que révèle le modèle, tandis que la rigoureuse symétrie qui régit l'ensemble rappelle, en les accentuant, les dispositions d'autres cryptes de la région. Quelques particularités peuvent indiquer des affinités avec des modèles plus lointains, mais c'est encore dans le contexte régional que l'on peut replacer l'ornement en pendentif, comparable à ceux de la crypte de Saint-Pierre de Lémenc et du porche de la cathédrale de Die, dont la souche subsiste à l'intrados de la voûte.
L'habitat isolé dans le diocèse de Saint-Papoul à la fin du Moyen Age
Authors: Marandet Marie-Claude
Published: August 2013

L'auteur a effectué un relevé systématique dans les registres notariaux, les séries G et H et les registres d'estimes des XIVe et XVe siècles, des exploitations isolées situées dans le diocèse de Saint-Papoul. Ces fermes (campmas, bories) sont constituées généralement d'un seul bloc de terres (champs, prés, vignes, bois, broussailles) au milieu duquel s'élèvent bâtiments d'habitation et à usage agricole.

Si les documents concernant les petites communautés sont rares et conduisent à une sous-évaluation de ces formes d'habitat intercalaire, il n'en est pas de même pour Castelnaudary où ont été repérées au moins 116 unités d'exploitation qui représentent à peu près 20 % des lieux d'habitation.

La majorité des actes fournissant le toponyme du quartier de terres où se trouvent les fermes, comme celui-ci a souvent perduré jusqu'au XVIIIe siècle, on peut le retrouver dans les plans dressés alors ; parfois, le nom des propriétaires du Bas Moyen Age est devenu celui de la ferme. Grâce à cela, la quasi -totalité des exploitations isolées médiévales est situable grossièrement sur le parcellaire pour Castelnaudary où les renseignements abondent, plus de la moitié pour les villages.
Lyon-Presqu'île : contribution à l'étude des céramiques du Haut Moyen Age
Authors: Horry Alban
Published: August 2013

The building of an underground car park in the centre of Lyons, on the Peninsula, in Célestins Square, revealed, during preventive excavations, an occupation of the Early Middle Ages. For the first time, a rather large set of ceramics of this period was able to be studied in this sector of the city. This set of ceramics has enabled an analysis to be made of the dresser in use between the end of 6th century and the 10th century on this site. The composition indicates an interruption in trade with the Mediterranean basin (for the supply of crockery), in comparison with the contexts of late Antiquity. It contains typological elements that are still close to antique traditions, but others announce the dresser of the «classic» Middle Ages.
Le grand retable de l’ancienne cathédrale de Narbonne: étude technique du travail de la pierre
Authors: Orrit Géraldine
Published: August 2013

The great altar-piece in the old cathedral of Narbonne, which dates back to the 14th century, has recently been restored. The restoration process required the altar-piece to be entirely dismounted, which was an opportunity to examine it carefully. All archaeological and tool marks were noted down and analysed, and this revealed information on the work of the different trade corporations who were involved in the making of this piece: stone masons and sculptors, but also painters whose colours completely cover the sculptures.
Neuf mille ans d’occupation du sol en moyenne montagne : la vallée de Fressinières dans le Parc National des Ecrins (Fressinières, Hautes-Alpes)
Authors: Walsh Kevin , Mocci Florence , Dumas Vincent , Durand Aline , Talon Brigitte , Tzortzis Stefan
Published: August 2013

Since 1998 an archaeological research programme (directed by K Walsh) has taken place in the Freissinières commune (05). This work is part of a wider collaborative and multidisciplinary project: Settlement and Pastoralism from the Prehistoric Period Through to the Middle Ages in Southern Alps. Between 1998 and 2001 prospection in high altitude zones has allowed us to identify more than 100 sites dating from the Neolithic through to the modern period. Following this field survey a number of sondages and excavations took place, in particular on the Faravel plateau and the Faravel Mountain, between 2000 and 2500m asl. This area produced prehistoric sites as well as a series of pastoral structures of different forms and different periods. Traces of human activity from the early Mesolithic through to the medieval period were consequently excavated.