bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confocal corrected attenuation coefficient imaging in phantoms and in vivo using chromatic focal shift calibration
Authors: Kübler Johannes , Zoutenbier Vincent S. , Buist Gijs , Fischer Jörg , Amelink Arjen , de Boer Johannes F.
Published: September 2023

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is conventionally used for structural imaging of tissue. Calibrating the intensity values of OCT images can give information on the tissue’s inherent optical properties, such as the attenuation coefficient, which can provide an additional parameter to quantify possible pathological changes. To obtain calibrated intensity values, the focus position and Rayleigh length of the incident beam need to be known. We explore the feasibility of extracting the focus position from an OCT scan acquired with a single focus setting using the chromatic aberration of the system. The chromatic focal shift of an OCT system is exploited to achieve different focus positions for sub-spectrum reconstructed OCT images. The ratios of these images are used to estimate the focus position. Reconstruction of a high-resolution B-scan from coherent addition of sub-spectrum confocal function corrected B-scans and subsequent high-resolution OCT attenuation coefficient imaging is demonstrated. Furthermore, we introduce a method to experimentally determine the chromatic focal shifts of an OCT system in phantoms and an in vivo human retina. These shifts are compared to the theoretically expected shifts calculated with ray tracing.
Characterization of pathological stomach tissue using polarization-sensitive second harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Jeon Hwanhee , Harvey MacAulay , Cisek Richard , Bennett Elisha , Tokarz Danielle
Published: September 2023

Alterations in collagen ultrastructure between human gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric tissue were investigated using polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (PSHG) microscopy. Cylindrical and trigonal symmetries were assumed to extract quantitative PSHG parameters, ρ, κ and S, from each image pixel. Statistically significant variations in these values were observed for gastric adenocarcinoma, indicating a higher disorder of collagen. Numerical focal volume simulations of crossing fibrils indicate increased S parameter is due to more intersecting collagen fibrils of varying diameters. These parameters were also able to distinguish between different grades of gastric adenocarcinoma indicating that PSHG may be useful for automated cancer diagnosis.
Hybrid tree-and-multiple-ring radio-over-fiber transmission system for a 5G network in metropolitan areas
Authors: Lee Ming-Che , Chang Ching-Hung , Huang Guan-Jhang , Liou Chen-Wei
Published: September 2023

What we believe to be a novel radio-over-fiber (RoF) transmission system with a hybrid tree-and-multiple-ring network structure is developed and experimentally demonstrated to support broadband wireless signal transmission among the central office (CO) and densely distributed 5G base stations (BS) in urban areas. With the assistance of an advanced network structure and a unique single-line bidirectional optical add/drop multiplexer (SBOADM), the transmission system can utilize a hybrid tree-and-ring-topology fiber network to simultaneously support multiple 5G BS-Groups constructed as sub-ring-networks. Furthermore, the system manager is able to simultaneously utilize wavelength/time division multiplexing techniques to support the connected BSs and to dynamically embed extra sub-ring-networks to the main-ring-network or extra BSs to the sub-ring-network by using the RoF transmission system. Needing no backup fiber link, the transmission system enjoys intrinsic robust resilience against fiber link failures. Experimental results proved that the proposed RoF transmission system enables prompt recovery of interrupted optical fiber connection and guarantees the expected quality of service (QoS) by adjusting a few preinstalled optical switches when fiber link failure happens in the main-ring-network, in each sub-ring-network, or even in both of the above scenarios. The induced power penalty for maintaining unchanged bit error rate performance is less than 2 dB. In sum, the proposed transmission system proves to be a great network architecture suitable for supporting 5G signal transmission between the CO and BSs in an urban area due to the dynamically extensible network size and the well-protected transmission that ensures the QoS by simple operation.
Aberration-free holographic microscope for simultaneous imaging and stimulation of neuronal populations
Authors: Shymkiv Yuriy , Yuste Rafael
Published: September 2023

A technical challenge in neuroscience is to record and specifically manipulate the activity of neurons in living animals. This can be achieved in some preparations with two-photon calcium imaging and photostimulation. These methods can be extended to three dimensions by holographic light sculpting with spatial light modulators (SLMs). At the same time, performing simultaneous holographic imaging and photostimulation is still cumbersome, requiring two light paths with separate SLMs. Here we present an integrated optical design using a single SLM for simultaneous imaging and photostimulation. Furthermore, we applied axially dependent adaptive optics to make the system aberration-free, and developed software for calibrations and closed-loop neuroscience experiments. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the system with simultaneous calcium imaging and optogenetics in mouse primary auditory cortex in vivo. Our integrated holographic system could facilitate the systematic investigation of neural circuit function in awake behaving animals.
Low-complexity clustered polynomial nonlinear filter-based electrical dispersion pre-compensation scheme in IM/DD transmission systems
Authors: Huang Xiaoqian , Xie Fei , Tang Du , Liu Shuangyue , Qiao Yaojun
Published: September 2023

A polynomial nonlinear filter (PNLF)-based electrical dispersion pre-compensation (pre-EDC) scheme assisted with Gerchberg–Saxton (GS) algorithm is proposed to compensate the chromatic dispersion (CD) for intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) optical transmission systems, where PNLF is utilized to fit the nonlinear transfer function of the iterative GS algorithm-based pre-EDC scheme to realize a low-complexity non-iterative CD pre-compensation. The capability of PNLF to fit the nonlinear iterative process enables the PNLF-based pre-EDC scheme to compensate for CD-induced linear distortions and address CD-induced nonlinear distortions, which are typically captured through iterative approaches. Additionally, to further reduce the computational complexity, we also introduce the k-means clustering algorithm to eliminate the weight redundancy and propose a lower-complexity clustered PNLF-based pre-EDC scheme. Simulation results show that PNLF-based and clustered PNLF-based pre-EDC schemes save 76.0% and 97.5% complexity with only 0.3 dB receiver sensitivity penalty at 20% forward error correction (FEC) threshold, compared with GS-based pre-EDC scheme in C-band 56 GBaud 80-km on-off keying (OOK) system. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PNLF-based and clustered PNLF-based pre-EDC schemes is also evaluated through the experimental demonstration. Experimental results show that under C-band 32 GBaud 80-km OOK system, bit error ratio (BER) satisfying 20% FEC threshold is achieved by applying PNLF-based and clustered PNLF-based pre-EDC schemes, which save 78.3% and 94.2% complexity with only 0.4 dB receiver sensitivity penalty compared with GS-based pre-EDC scheme, respectively. The research results indicate that the (clustered) PNLF-based pre-EDC scheme has the great application potential for CD compensation in high-performance and low-cost IM/DD optical transmission systems.
Transmission of sub-terahertz signals over a fiber-FSO-5 G NR hybrid system with an aggregate net bit rate of 227.912 Gb/s
Authors: Lu Hai-Han , Tsai Wen-Shing , Huang Xu-Hong , Jin Jia-Lian , Xu Yan-Zhen , Chen Wei-Xiang , Lin Chih-Hong , Wu Tsai-Man
Published: September 2023

Transmission of sub-terahertz (sub-THz) signals over a fiber-free-space optical (FSO)-fifth-generation (5 G) new radio (NR) hybrid system is successfully realized. It is a promising system that utilizes multiple media of optical fiber, optical wireless, and 5 G NR wireless to achieve a 227.912-Gb/s record-high aggregate net bit rate. The system concurrently transmits a 59.813-Gb/s net bit rate in the 150-GHz sub-THz frequency, 74.766-Gb/s in the 250-GHz sub-THz frequency, and 93.333-Gb/s in the 325-GHz sub-THz frequency through the fiber-FSO-wireless convergence, including 25-km single-mode fiber, 100-m FSO, and 30-m/25-m/20-m sub-THz-wave transmissions. This system achieves sufficiently low bit error rates (< hard-decision forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10−3 at 16 and 20 Gbaud symbol rates; < soft-decision FEC threshold of 2 × 10−2 at 28 Gbaud symbol rate) and clear and distinct constellation diagrams, meeting the demands of 5 G NR communications in the sub-THz band. The development of fiber-FSO-5 G NR hybrid system represents a substantial development in the field of advanced communications. It has the ability to enhance the way we communicate in the future.
Generation of 35 fs, 20 μJ, GHz pulse burst by hybrid fiber amplification technique
Authors: Ma Jindong , Liu Huanhuan , Chen Yujang , Zhang Nan , Shum Perry Ping
Published: September 2023

We have proposed and demonstrated the generation of a high-energy, ultrashort pulse duration, GHz pulse burst polarization-maintaining fiber amplification system that utilizes both chirped-pulse amplification and self-similar amplification techniques. Such hybrid fiber amplification system produces 22 μJ-energy bursts of 200 pulses with a 1.02-GHz intra-burst pulse repetition rate and a 1-MHz inter-burst repetition rate. The center wavelength of the amplified compressed pulse is 1065 nm, with a 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 65 nm. The pulse duration of optimal compression is ∼35 fs, which represents the shortest pulse duration reported to date for any multi-microjoule class amplification system with a repetition rate at the GHz level. At the same time, only common double-cladding Yb3+-doped fiber is used as the gain fiber, without any large-mode-area Yb3+-doped photonic crystal fiber, makes the system compact and reliable by the simple fusion operation.
Biphoton generation enhanced by nonlocal nonlinearity via Rydberg interactions
Authors: Zhao Hui-Min , Zhang Xiao-Jun , Artoni M. , La Rocca G. C. , Wu Jin-Hui
Published: September 2023

Strongly correlated Stokes and anti-Stokes photon pairs (biphotons) exhibiting very large generation rates and spectral brightnesses could be attained at extremely low pump powers and optical depths. This is realized via spontaneous four-wave mixing in cold atoms with enhanced nonlocal (Rydberg) optical nonlinearities and prepared into a dark state with a large population imbalance. The scheme works with all light fields on resonance yet with negligible linear absorption and Raman gain.
Efficient and tunable emission CsPbClxBr3−x quantum dot glass for overcoming the lack of cyan gap in WLED
Authors: Guan Mingshuang , Wu Yixi , Kuang Zhaojing , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Junjie
Published: September 2023

Recently, the photoluminescence (PL) performance and stability of cyan emission perovskite quantum dot (PQD) were found to be inferior to other color emitting PQDs, which greatly limits their practical applications. In this Letter, CsPbClxBr3−x PQD glass with excellent hydrothermal stability is successfully synthesized by a high-temperature melting method. Results review that the vacancy defects in [PbBr6]4− octahedra can be effectively compensated by excessive halogen doping, resulting in an improvement in the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of PQDs from 24.73% to 65.62%. In addition, compared to white light emitting diode (WLED) synthesized with commercial fluorescent powders, the introduction of CsPbCl2Br1 PQD glass effectively fills the cyan gap. Moreover, the WLED displays the color-rendering index (CRI) of 87 at correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5257 K, and the color gamut area reaches 126% of the National Television System Committee (NTSC). This work provides an effective way for improving the PL performance of PQDs and brings CsPbClxBr3−x PQD glass significant prospect in the optoelectronic applications.
Merging bound states in the continuum in all-dielectric metasurfaces for ultrahigh-Q resonances
Authors: Zong Xueyang , Li Lixia , Liu Yufang
Published: September 2023

The concept of symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BICs) offers a simple approach to engineer metasurfaces with high-quality (Q) factors. However, traditional designs driven by symmetry-protected BICs require an extremely small perturbation parameter to obtain very large Q factors, complicating fabrication and limiting practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a BIC-driven structure composed of two coupled all-dielectric metasurfaces that enables ultrahigh-Q resonances even at large perturbations. The underlying mechanism enabling this is to merge the symmetry-protected BIC and Fabry–Pérot BIC in the parameter space by tuning the distance between the two metasurfaces, thereby altering the intrinsic radiation behavior of the isolated symmetry-protected BIC. It is found that this simple strategy results in Q factors that are three orders of magnitude higher than those with isolated-BIC configurations. Our approach provides a promising route for designing high-Q BIC nanostructures promising in exciting device applications as sensors and filters.
Inverse design of deformed Sb2Se3 stripes in silicon waveguide for reconfigurable mode converters
Authors: Luo Xinyu , Ye Han , Zhou Mingxuan , Zhang Shuhe , Sun Yuxuan , Wang Xueyu , Li Jing , Chen Lei , Liu Yumin
Published: September 2023

Reconfigurable photonic devices integrated with silicon waveguides are important building blocks for future on-chip photonic circuits. In this paper, we focus on the mode order conversion in silicon waveguides with non-volatile reconfigurable capability. Deformed phase change material Sb2Se3 (antimony triselenide) stripes are introduced at the edges of the functional region to provide the refractive index difference required by mode conversions. The shapes of stripes are inversely designed by a gradient-based iterative optimization strategy with 57 (19) iterations for TE0-to-TE1 (TE0-to-TE2) mode converter. The footprint of the functional region is as compact as square center wavelength. In the crystalline phase, TE0-to-TE1 and TE0-to-TE2 mode conversions are realized with conversion efficiencies of 98.5% and 96.3% at a center wavelength of 1550 nm, respectively. While in the amorphous phase, the input TE0 mode directly passes through the functional region with efficiencies of 93.0% and 92.4%, respectively. The output mode can be reconfigured by changing the phase of Sb2Se3 stripes. Moreover, after introducing ±10 nm geometrical deviations to the perfect Sb2Se3 stripe design, corresponding red and blue shifts of conversion efficiency spectra can be observed, and the simulation results reflect the reasonable robustness of the proposed mode converters.
Structural, electronic and optical characteristics of inorganic cubic perovskite Sr3AsI3
Authors: Ghosh Avijit , Rahman Md. Ferdous , Islam Md. Rasidul , Islam Md. Shoriful , Khalid Hossain M. , Bhattarai Sagar , Pandey Rahul , Madan Jaya , Rahman Md. Atikur , Ismail Abu Bakar Md.
Published: September 2023

Inorganic perovskite materials have recently received significant consideration in the sector of solar technology because of their tremendous structural, optical, and electronic strengths. This research exhaustively inquired about the structural, optical, and electronic characteristics of the inorganic cubic perovskite Sr3AsI3 utilizing the first-principles density-functional theory (FP-DFT). The Sr3AsI3 molecule exhibits a direct bandgap of 1.265 eV value at Γ point. According to band characteristics, this component has a strong absorption capability in the region of visibility, as demonstrated by optical parameters including dielectric functions, absorption coefficient, reflectivity, and electron loss function. It is discovered that the spikes of the dielectric constant of Sr3AsI3 are visible in the photon energy range which are suitable for solar cells. As a result, the Sr3AsI3 perovskite is considered suitable for the application of energy production and light management in solar cells.
Simulation-based Reconstructed Diffusion unveils the effect of aging on protein diffusion in Escherichia coli
Authors: Mantovanelli Luca , Linnik Dmitrii S. , Punter Michiel , Kojakhmetov Hildeberto Jardón , Śmigiel Wojciech M. , Poolman Bert
Published: September 2023

We have developed Simulation-based Reconstructed Diffusion (SbRD) to determine diffusion coefficients corrected for confinement effects and for the bias introduced by two-dimensional models describing a three-dimensional motion. We validate the method on simulated diffusion data in three-dimensional cell-shaped compartments. We use SbRD, combined with a new cell detection method, to determine the diffusion coefficients of a set of native proteins in Escherichia coli. We observe slower diffusion at the cell poles than in the nucleoid region of exponentially growing cells, which is independent of the presence of polysomes. Furthermore, we show that the newly formed pole of dividing cells exhibits a faster diffusion than the old one. We hypothesize that the observed slowdown at the cell poles is caused by the accumulation of aggregated or damaged proteins, and that the effect is asymmetric due to cell aging.
Pathfinder: Protein folding pathway prediction based on conformational sampling
Authors: Huang Zhaohong , Cui Xinyue , Xia Yuhao , Zhao Kailong , Zhang Guijun
Published: September 2023

The study of protein folding mechanism is a challenge in molecular biology, which is of great significance for revealing the movement rules of biological macromolecules, understanding the pathogenic mechanism of folding diseases, and designing protein engineering materials. Based on the hypothesis that the conformational sampling trajectory contain the information of folding pathway, we propose a protein folding pathway prediction algorithm named Pathfinder. Firstly, Pathfinder performs large-scale sampling of the conformational space and clusters the decoys obtained in the sampling. The heterogeneous conformations obtained by clustering are named seed states. Then, a resampling algorithm that is not constrained by the local energy basin is designed to obtain the transition probabilities of seed states. Finally, protein folding pathways are inferred from the maximum transition probabilities of seed states. The proposed Pathfinder is tested on our developed test set (34 proteins). For 11 widely studied proteins, we correctly predicted their folding pathways and specifically analyzed 5 of them. For 13 proteins, we predicted their folding pathways to be further verified by biological experiments. For 6 proteins, we analyzed the reasons for the low prediction accuracy. For the other 4 proteins without biological experiment results, potential folding pathways were predicted to provide new insights into protein folding mechanism. The results reveal that structural analogs may have different folding pathways to express different biological functions, homologous proteins may contain common folding pathways, and α-helices may be more prone to early protein folding than β-strands.
Classification of T lymphocyte motility behaviors using a machine learning approach
Authors: Carpentier Solorio Yves , Lemaître Florent , Jabbour Bassam , Tastet Olivier , Arbour Nathalie , Bou Assi Elie
Published: September 2023

T lymphocytes migrate into organs and interact with local cells to perform their functions. How human T lymphocytes communicate with organ-specific cells and participate in pathobiological processes remains unresolved. Brain infiltration of T lymphocytes is associated with multiple neurological disorders. Thus, to characterize the behavior of human T lymphocytes reaching the human brain, we performed time-lapse microscopy on human CD8+ T lymphocytes co-cultured with either primary human astrocytes or neurons. Using traditional manual and visual assessment of microscopy data, we identified distinct CD8+ T lymphocyte motility behaviors. However, such characterization is time and labor-intensive. In this work, we trained and validated a machine-learning model for the automated classification of behaviors of CD8+ T lymphocytes interacting with astrocytes and neurons. A balanced random forest was trained for the binary classification of established classes of cell behaviors (synapse vs. kinapse) as well as visually identified behaviors (scanning, dancing, and poking). Feature selection was performed during 3-fold cross-validation using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm. Results show promising performances when tested on a held-out dataset of CD8+ T lymphocytes interacting with astrocytes with a new experimenter and a held-out independent dataset of CD8+ T lymphocytes interacting with neurons. When tested on the independent CD8+ T cell-neuron dataset, the final model achieved a binary classification accuracy of 0.82 and a 3-class accuracy of 0.79. This novel automated classification approach could significantly reduce the time required to label cell motility behaviors while facilitating the identification of interactions of T lymphocytes with multiple cell types.
Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and associated risk factors among primary school children in Kandahar, Afghanistan: A cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Rahimi Bilal Ahmad , Rafiqi Najeebullah , Tareen Zarghoon , Kakar Khalil Ahmad , Wafa Mohammad Hashim , Stanikzai Muhammad Haroon , Beg Mohammad Asim , Dost Abdul Khaliq , Taylor Walter R.
Published: September 2023

Background

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are global health problem, especially in low-income countries. Main objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and intensity of STH and its risk factors among school children in Kandahar city of Afghanistan.

Methodology/principal findings

This was a school-based cross-sectional analytical study, with data collected during eight-month-period (May–December, 2022) from 6- and 12-years old school children in Kandahar city, Afghanistan. All the stool samples were examined by saline wet mount method and Kato–Katz technique. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Chi square test, and multivariate logistic regression.

A total of 1275 children from eight schools of Kandahar city were included in this study. Mean age of these children was 8.3 years with 53.3% boys. The overall prevalence of any intestinal parasitic infection was 68.4%. The overall prevalence of STH infection was 39.1%, with Ascaris lumbricoides (29.4%) as the most prevalent STH species. Mean intensity of overall STH infection was 97.8. Multivariate logistic regression revealed playing barefoot (AOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2), not washing hands after defecating and before eating (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7), having untrimmed nails (AOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8), and belonging to poor families (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0–1.7) as the risk factors associated with the predisposition of school children for getting STH in Kandahar city of Afghanistan.

Conclusions/significance

There is high prevalence of STH among school children of Kandahar city in Afghanistan. Most of the risk factors are related to poverty, decreased sanitation, and improper hygiene. Improvement of socioeconomic status, sanitation, and health education to promote public awareness about health and hygiene together with periodic mass deworming programs are better strategies for the control of STH infections in Afghanistan.
One-fourth of COVID-19 patients have an impaired pulmonary function after 12 months of disease onset
Authors: van Willigen Hugo D. G. , Wynberg Elke , Verveen Anouk , Dijkstra Maartje , Verkaik Bas J. , Figaroa Orlane J. A. , de Jong Marianne C. , van der Veen Annelou L. I. P. , Makowska Agata , Koedoot Nelleke , Nieuwkerk Pythia T. , Boyd Anders , Prins Maria , de Jong Menno D. , de Bree Godelieve J. , van den Aardweg Joost G. ,   the RECoVERED Study Group
Published: September 2023

Background

There is increasing data that show a persistently impaired pulmonary function upon recovery after severe infection. Little is known however about the extent, recovery and determinants of pulmonary impairment across the full spectrum of COVID-19 severity over time.

Methods

In a well characterized, prospective cohort of both hospitalised and non-hospitalised individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the RECoVERED study, pulmonary function (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO)) and spirometry) was measured until one year after disease onset. Additionally, data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) were collected. Pulmonary function and these determinants were modelled over time using mixed-effect linear regression. Determinants of pulmonary function impairment at 12 months after disease onset were identified using logistic regression.

Findings

Between May 2020 and December 2021, 301 of 349 participants underwent at least one pulmonary function test. After one year of follow-up, 25% of the participants had an impaired pulmonary function which translates in 11%, 22%, and 48% of the participants with mild, moderate and severe/critical COVID-19. Improvement in DLCO among the participants continued over the period across one, six and twelve months. Being older, having more than three comorbidities (p<0·001) and initial severe/critical disease (p<0·001) were associated with slower improvement of pulmonary function over time, adjusted for age and sex. HRQL improved over time and at 12 months was comparable to individuals without impaired pulmonary function.

Interpretation

The prevalence of impaired pulmonary function after twelve months of follow-up, was still significant among those with initially moderate or severe/critical COVID-19. Pulmonary function increased over time in most of the severity groups. These data imply that guidelines regarding revalidation after COVID-19 should target individuals with moderate and severe/critical disease severities.
YOLO-G: Improved YOLO for cross-domain object detection
Authors: Wei Jian , Wang Qinzhao , Zhao Zixu
Published: September 2023

Cross-domain object detection is a key problem in the research of intelligent detection models. Different from lots of improved algorithms based on two-stage detection models, we try another way. A simple and efficient one-stage model is introduced in this paper, comprehensively considering the inference efficiency and detection precision, and expanding the scope of undertaking cross-domain object detection problems. We name this gradient reverse layer-based model YOLO-G, which greatly improves the object detection precision in cross-domain scenarios. Specifically, we add a feature alignment branch following the backbone, where the gradient reverse layer and a classifier are attached. With only a small increase in computational, the performance is higher enhanced. Experiments such as Cityscapes→Foggy Cityscapes, SIM10k→Cityscape, PASCAL VOC→Clipart, and so on, indicate that compared with most state-of-the-art (SOTA) algorithms, the proposed model achieves much better mean Average Precision (mAP). Furthermore, ablation experiments were also performed on 4 components to confirm the reliability of the model. The project is available at https://github.com/airy975924806/yolo-G.
Comparing typologies of violence exposure and associations with syndemic health outcomes among cisgender and transgender female sex workers living with HIV in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Maclin Beth J. , Wang Yan , Rodriguez-Diaz Carlos , Donastorg Yeycy , Perez Martha , Gomez Hoisex , Barrington Clare , Kerrigan Deanna
Published: September 2023

Violence against women research largely excludes transgender women’s experiences and violence from perpetrators other than intimate partners. This study compares patterns of violence exposure among cisgender and transgender female sex workers (FSWs) and the associations with syndemic health outcomes. We used cross-sectional surveys from samples of cisgender and transgender FSWs living with HIV in the Dominican Republic (N = 211 and 100, respectively). We used latent class analysis to identify patterns of emotional, physical, and sexual violence and harassment by partners, clients, and police. We assessed sociodemographic and occupational predictors in relation to class membership, and class membership in relation to health (HIV continuum of care outcomes, mental health, substance use), using logistic regression. Two classes were identified in cisgender sample: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1) and Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2). Class 2 participants had greater odds of scoring abnormal or borderline abnormal anxiety on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) (adjusted OR = 3.97, p<0.01), moderate-to-severe depression per the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (aOR = 5.74, p<0.01), and any illicit drug use in the past six months (aOR = 3.06, p<0.05), compared to Class 1. The transgender sample produced three classes: Low Reported Violence Exposure (Class 1); Sex Work-related Police Harassment (Class 2); and Sex Work-related Violence and Harassment (Class 3). Class 3 participants had greater odds of having anxiety (aOR = 6.65, p<0.01) and depression (aOR = 4.45, p<0.05), while Class 2 participants had greater odds of perfect ART adherence during the previous four days (aOR = 2.78, p<0.05), compared to Class 1. The more diverse and extreme violence patterns uncovered for the transgender sample show this group’s heightened risk, while similar patterns across groups regarding police abuse highlight a need for police-focused violence prevention interventions. Each sample’s highest violence class was associated with poor mental health, underscoring the need for mental health interventions for all FSWs.
Regulation of multi-area power system load frequency in presence of V2G scheme
Authors: Hussein Mahmoud M. , Mohamed Tarek Hassan , Mahmoud Mohamed Metwally , Aljohania Mansour , Mosaad Mohamed I. , Hassan Ammar M.
Published: September 2023

The integration of renewable sources (RSs) and the widespread deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has transitioned from a luxury to a necessity in modern power systems. This results from the sharp increase in electric power demand and public awareness of switching to green energy. However, in addition to load fluctuations and changes in system parameters, these RSs and EVs negatively impact the load frequency (LF). This work presents a LF control for a modern multi-area power system incorporating photovoltaic (PV) and EV chargers. The proposed controller primarily utilizes EV chargers within modern power systems. This approach offers the advantage of using the already present components instead of introducing new ones. The proposed controller comprises the ecological optimization approach (ECO) and the integral controller (I). Both of these components are designed for autonomous vehicle-to-grid (V2G) devices. The proposed control technique is applied to a three-area power system, where the V2G scheme is located in Area-1. Variations in the load, PV power generated, and system parameters are considered to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed (I+ECO+V2G) controller for controlling the LF. To assess the performance of the proposed I+ECO+V2G system, a comparative analysis is conducted to compare its performance with both the I+ECO system and the standard I-controller. The simulation findings demonstrate that implementing the I+ECO and the proposed I+ECO+V2G strategies results in enhanced system stability and decreased LF fluctuations compared to the conventional I-control approach. Furthermore, while comparing the I+ECO control technique to the suggested control strategy I+ECO+V2G, it was seen that the latter reaches steady state values more quickly. The results validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed controller in mitigating the impacts of load disturbances, uncertainties, and nonlinearities within the system. These simulations were performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. To validate the outcomes of the simulation results, an experimental setup consisting of a real-time dSPACE DS1103 connected to another PC via QUARC pid_e data acquisition card was used. The experimental findings have substantiated the accuracy of the simulation findings about the superiority of the I+ECO+V2G methodology compared to both the I+ECO and I-control methodologies concerning system performance and LF control.
«Alguien le dice al Tango»: Borges, tango y milonga
Authors: Susti Gonzales Alejandro Enrico
Published: September 2023

Este artículo examina el vínculo entre la obra de Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986) y dos géneros musicales desarrollados en el Río de la Plata desde fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX: el tango y la milonga. A partir de un conjunto de ensayos y testimonios del autor se busca comprender la atracción que ejercieron sobre él ambos géneros y su proyecto de fundar un pasado mítico e imaginario, «una mitología del tango», basado en sus referentes y figuras. En relación con la milonga, a partir de sus anotaciones sobre la función de la música, la instrumentación y la interpretación, se examina el entroncamiento de la milonga con la payada en su libro de milongas Para las seis cuerdas (1965) y la invención de una «poética milonguera» absolutamente personal. Finalmente, se consideran los testimonios de figuras representativas de la historia del tango para establecer el lugar de Borges en ella.
Arte entre realidad y ficción en La línea sin reposo: la literatura como archivo y des-museo imaginario
Authors: Rodríguez Sierra Ana María
Published: September 2023

La línea sin reposo, catálogo de arte predinástico, es un trabajo literario del académico y crítico de arte colombiano Efrén Giraldo (2016) en conjunto con el artista visual Jorge Marín. El libro es un catálogo de artistas cuyo margen de vida y producción se ubica entre los años 1946 y 2213 en mundo distópico, ya que la tierra se muestra como un espacio improductivo, la naturaleza solo existe como creación plástica y son posibles los viajes interplanetarios. En este artículo, mediante la identificación de los recursos narrativos desplegados por el autor, se plantea como objetivo principal, analizar cómo en un juego entre realidad y ficción que involucra imágenes y texto, se conforma un archivo de artistas del pasado, erigido a partir de pistas que deben ser descifradas por el lector. Estas pistas remiten al arte occidental moderno, regido por la idea del arte por el arte, y a otro posmoderno, en el que se requiere que el público complete y encuentre el sentido encarnado de las obras (Danto, 1994). Luego, observamos que, en el libro, usando también la estrategia dialógica de interacción entre palabras e imágenes, se configura un corpus de artistas ficticios, los cuales llevan al extremo las prácticas o las ideas estéticas de artistas reales. A través de estos recursos, retomando la idea de archivo de Derrida, aquí mostramos cómo esta obra de la literatura contemporánea erige un archivo del absurdo y el equívoco, desplegado desde la ironía y el humor para llevar a los lectores a repensar los límites del arte actual y la pequeña línea que separa lo estético y lo novedoso de lo monstruoso e inhumano. Finalmente, mostramos que el texto deconstruye el museo, ironiza la historia y critica a la crítica de arte, logrando, de esa forma, instaurar la literatura como lugar de reflexión y cuestionamiento de la filosofía del arte y las prácticas contemporáneas.
Assimetrias nos Drivers da Coopetição Turística em Centros de Artesanato
Authors: Chin-Miki Adriana Fumi , Marlon Monticelli Jefferson , Da Costa Rui Augusto
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa objetivou identificar as assimetrias nas variáveis indutoras da coopetição em arranjos produtivos e comerciais de artesanato e definir as prioridades do gestor para melhorar a performance da rede de coopetição. O artigo demonstra o uso de matrizes de decisão para a pesquisa e gestão em turismo. Utiliza-se um conjunto de metodologias que pode ser replicada em outros contextos. É uma pesquisa quantitativa que utiliza a matriz Importance-Performance Analysis, Análise de Contraste Penalidade-Recompensa, Análise de Assimetria de Impactos. Os resultados indicaram que as variáveis de perfil dos participantes têm maior importância para formação de redes horizontais de coopetição do que as variáveis de contexto. Para ativar a vontade de coopetição nos participantes de aglomerados produtivos, os elementos relacionados à gestão do arranjo produtivo são neutros, os relacionados a capacidades individuais dos participantes da rede são atrativos e os relacionados aos produtos ofertados são obrigatórios ou unidimensionais. Os índices de penalidade são superiores aos de recompensa na maioria dos elementos, portanto, alterações nas variáveis impactam muito na desmotivação dos integrantes, enquanto motivá-los em direção à coopetição exigirá mais esforço do gestor. Este estudo contribuiu com uma lista de variáveis para impulsionar a coopetição, assim como os elementos que devem receber prioridade de gestores de aglomerados produtivos locais.
Sustentabilidade e ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance): Estudo das operações turísticas de uma Pousada na Serra Gaúcha
Authors: Mecca Marlei Salete , Oliveira Franco Marcelo , Witt Andréia Carla Velho , Velho Fabio Daniel
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo apresentar, à luz da teoria e da norma ABNT PR 2030, de que forma a sustentabilidade e o ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) estão presentes, em uma pousada da serra gaúcha, que tem como demanda preponderante turistas da terceira idade. Para tal, foi realizada pesquisa descritiva com estudo de caso e abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com a gestora da pousada em estudo. Como achados da pesquisa, identificou-se que a pousada busca constantemente o acolhimento aos hóspedes e a interação com a sociedade na qual está inserida e que contempla (de forma parcial) o tripé da sustentabilidade e o ESG, conforme descrito na ABNT PR 2030 (2022). Algumas iniciativas que se alinham ao tripé da sustentabilidade e ao ESG são o cuidado com a origem de insumos, captação e reutilização da água (de forma parcial), interação econômica com o comércio local e regional, economia circular, benefícios aos colaboradores, resgate e preservação da cultura, dentre outros. Existem critérios de ESG que a pousada aponta sua preocupação em buscar contemplar. Tal compreensão foi possível em virtude do detalhamento dos dados coletados, desde a preparação das suas instalações até o acolhimento aos hospedes, com atenção aos da terceira idade que representam 70% da ocupação durante a semana.
Planejamento e Desenvolvimento Turístico em Maricá (RJ): ações do poder público, iniciativa privada e perspectivas da população local
Authors: Pereira Viana Jean , Fratucci Aguinaldo Cesar
Published: September 2023

O município de Maricá (RJ) vem passando por um processo de crescimento socioeconômico e o desenvolvimento turístico também vem sendo trabalhado. Esta pesquisa, recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado, objetiva entender quais foram as ações e projetos de fomento ao turismo em Maricá e qual avaliação a população local faz das ações implementadas pelo poder público e iniciativa privada para o turismo no município. Trata-se de um estudo com metodologia mista, combinando pesquisa documental, entrevistas e pesquisa survey exploratória para coleta de dados, e análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva simples para análise dos dados. Foram encontradas diversas ações e projetos que visam à estruturação e ao fortalecimento do setor turístico no município. Tais ações foram avaliadas positivamente pela população pesquisada, que também indicou possuir boas perspectivas sobre o desenvolvimento do turismo em Maricá, apesar de ter pouca participação e conhecimento dos projetos, evidenciando a necessidade estratégica dos gestores públicos locais para atraí-la. Elencam-se, por fim, as limitações do estudo e sugestões para pesquisas futuras.
Active Control and Guidance-Aided Propulsive Landing Research for Small-Scale Vehicles
Authors: Liu Cheng
Published: September 2023

This project aims to apply reusable technology on a smaller scale by propulsivelyland model-scale rockets using active thrust vectoring and GNSS guidance.
Totality: Decades of Debate and the Return of Nature
Authors: Sheehan Helena
Published: September 2023

"How is it," Helena Sheehan asks, "that classical Marxist authors were able to address such a stunning array of issues"? The answer can be found, she writes, is in the totality of their intellectual efforts: "Marxism is the only intellectual tradition on the scene capable of embracing…what needs to be comprehended to understand and cope with our world."
Penerapan Sanksi Serta Pengawasan Terhadap Kode Etik Notaris Oleh Dewan Kehormatan
Authors: Muhammad Yurist Firdaus , Santoso Budi
Published: September 2023

AbstractNotary is a profession that provides legal services to the public. They need to be monitored by a neutral institution so that the quality of the notary work remains good. This supervision is important to improve the ability of all notaries in carrying out their duties. According to 87 articles of the Notary Rules, oversight of the Notary Rules may be carried out by the Honorary Council. This research aims to determine the role of the honorary council in supervising and enforcing the notary’s ethics code, as well as the role of the honorary council in applying punishmentss to notaries who violate the ethics. The research method used is normative juridical. Based on this study, it is concluded that: 1).The supervision and guidance of the Honorary Council aims to improve the quality of the notary's work ethic in the performance of the notary's task in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Ethics. 2).Notaries who violate the Ethics may be sanctioned by the Honorary Council such as: a).Reprimand; b).Warning; c).Temporary suspension from membership of the Association; d).Dismissal with honor from the Association; also e).Disrespectful dismissal from the Association's membership.Keywords: supervision; the code; notaryAbstrakNotaris adalah profesi yang memberikan layanan hukum kepada masyarakat. Mereka perlu diawasi oleh lembaga netral agar kualitas kerja notaris tetap baik. Pengawasan ini penting untuk meningkatkan kemampuan semua notaris dalam menjalankan tugas mereka. Menurut Pasal 7 Kode Etik Notaris, pengawasan Kode Etik Notaris dapat dikerjakan oleh Dewan Kehormatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dewan kehormatan dalam menjalankan peran mengawasi dan menegakkan kode etik notaris, serta perannya dalam menerapkan hukuman kepada notaris yang melanggar kode etik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, diketahui bahwa: 1) pengawasan dan pembinaan oleh dewan kehormatan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas etika kerja notaris dalam menjalankan tugas sesuai dengan ketentuan kode etik. 2) notaris yang melanggar kode etik dapat dijatuhi sanksi oleh dewan kehormatan berupa: a) teguran; b) peringatan; c) pemberhentian sementara dari keanggotaan asosiasi; d) diberhentikan dengan hormat dari keanggotaan asosiasi; dan e) diberhentikan dengan tidak hormat dari keanggotaan asosiasi.Kata kunci: pengawasan; kode etik; notaris.
Peranan Majelis Pengawas Notaris Terhadap Pelaksanaan Kode Etik Notaris
Authors: Pratama M. Yoghi , Silviana Ana
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe notary's responsibilities related to the legal profession cannot be separated from the opinion that in carrying out his position he cannot be separated from the majesty of the law itself, so that a notary is required to be able to act and reflect in his service to the community. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the Notary Supervisory Board in implementing the Notary Code of Ethics and the implementation of supervisory duties against Notaries by the Notary Supervisory Board. The research method used is normative juridical. The results of the study concluded that the supervision carried out by the Regional Notary Supervisory Board must still exist because it plays a very important role in the process of fostering and supervising the performance of its members in order to minimize mistakes and violations in carrying out their duties in accordance with the code of ethics. The Supervisory Board has the authority to provide guidance and supervision to Notaries and to conduct examinations of alleged violations of behavior and implementation of the Notary's position.Keywords: notary supervisory board; code of ethicsAbstrakTanggung jawab Notaris yang berkaitan dengan profesi hukum tidak dapat dilepaskan pada pendapat bahwa dalam melaksanakan jabatannya tersebut tidak dapat dilepaskan dari keagungan hukum itu sendiri, sehingga Notaris diharuskan bisa bertindak dan merefleksikannya didalam pelayanannya kepada masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peran Majelis Pengawas Notaris terhadap pelaksanaan Kode Etik Notaris dan pelaksanaan tugas pengawasan terhadap Notaris oleh Majelis Pengawas Notaris. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa Pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh Majelis Pengawas Wilayah Notaris itu tetap harus ada karena sangat berperan dalam proses pembinaan serta pengawasan terhadap kinerja para anggotanya guna meminimalisir kekeliruan dan pelanggaran dalam menjalankan tugas jabatannya sesuai dengan kode etik. Majelis Pengawas berwenang melakukan pembinaan dan pengawasan terhadap Notaris serta melakukan pemeriksaan terhadap dugaan pelanggaran perilaku dan pelaksanaan jabatan Notaris.Kata kunci: majelis pengawas notaris; kode etik
Africatown in Guangzhou as geosemiotic assemblage: connecting multilingualism, store signs, and chronotopes
Authors: Chao Xia , Wang Hao
Published: September 2023

Using the social-spatial notions of geosemiotic assemblage and chronotope, this participatory ethnographic case study examines the intersection of store signs in the Africatown in Guangzhou and transnational African migrants’ meaning-making and place-making practices. Data collection is employed through a combination of traditional and participatory ethnographic methods including visual texts, interviews, and virtual field observations with fieldnotes. Findings from this study indicate the Africatown as geosemiotic assemblage, which echoes the principle in human geography that material and social environments are imbued with meanings in daily practices. The Africatown as geosemiotic assemblage is a multifaceted and dialogic process in which meanings, perceptions, multi-senses, and symbols are tied together to a locality. This study illustrates that the African migrants’ perceptions of the Africatown are mediated by both material and social environments. Specifically, African migrants are able to engage in multilingual social practices with both non-human artefacts and humans, placing great emphasis on spatiality in their reconceptualization of Africatown as more than a local African migrants’ hub. This study further demonstrates that the materials assembled in the African migrants’ milleu are historical, social, cultural, and multilingual in facilitating their reconstruction of the Africatown’s transnational space and African migrants’ identities. This study argues that a geosemiotic assemblage approach is salient in expanding current understandings of multilingual and transnational research by foregrounding materiality in meaning-making and place-making practices.