bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor VLGR1/ADGRV1 controls autophagy
Authors: Linnert Joshua , Güler Baran E. , Krzysko Jacek , Wolfrum Uwe
Published: April 2023

VLGR1/ADGRV1 (very large G protein‐coupled receptor‐1) is the largest known adhesion G protein‐coupled receptor. Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 cause Usher syndrome (USH), the most common form of hereditary deaf‐blindness, and have been additionally linked to epilepsy. Although VLGR1/ADGRV1 is almost ubiquitously expressed, little is known about the subcellular function and signalling of the VLGR1 protein and thus about mechanisms underlying the development of diseases. Using affinity proteomics, we identified key components of autophagosomes as putative interacting proteins of VLGR1. In addition, whole transcriptome sequencing of the retinae of the Vlgr1/del7TM mouse model revealed altered expression profiles of gene‐related autophagy. Monitoring autophagy by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry of the LC3 and p62 as autophagy marker proteins revealed evoked autophagy in VLGR1‐deficient hTERT‐RPE1 cells and USH2C patient‐derived fibroblasts. Our data demonstrate the molecular and functional interaction of VLGR1 with key components of the autophagy process and point to an essential role of VLGR1 in the regulation of autophagy at internal membranes. The close association of VLGR1 with autophagy helps to explain the pathomechanisms underlying human USH and epilepsy related to VLGR1 defects.
Classification of Alzheimer's disease based on hippocampal multivariate morphometry statistics
Authors: Zheng Weimin , Liu Honghong , Li Zhigang , Li Kuncheng , Wang Yalin , Hu Bin , Dong Qunxi , Wang Zhiqun
Published: April 2023

Background

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with a high risk of developing AD. Hippocampal morphometry analysis is believed to be the most robust magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers for AD and MCI. Multivariate morphometry statistics (MMS), a quantitative method of surface deformations analysis, is confirmed to have strong statistical power for evaluating hippocampus.

Aims

We aimed to test whether surface deformation features in hippocampus can be employed for early classification of AD, MCI, and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

We first explored the differences in hippocampus surface deformation among these three groups by using MMS analysis. Additionally, the hippocampal MMS features of selective patches and support vector machine (SVM) were used for the binary classification and triple classification.

Results

By the results, we identified significant hippocampal deformation among the three groups, especially in hippocampal CA1. In addition, the binary classification of AD/HC, MCI/HC, AD/MCI showed good performances, and area under curve (AUC) of triple‐classification model achieved 0.85. Finally, positive correlations were found between the hippocampus MMS features and cognitive performances.

Conclusions

The study revealed significant hippocampal deformation among AD, MCI, and HC. Additionally, we confirmed that hippocampal MMS can be used as a sensitive imaging biomarker for the early diagnosis of AD at the individual level.
Topic sensitivity still affects honest responding, even when specialized questioning techniques are used
Authors: Ibbett Harriet , Dorward Leejiah J. , Kohi Edward M. , Jones Julia P. G. , Sankeni Stephen , Kaduma Joseph , Mchomvu Jesca , Mawenya Rose , St. John Freya A. V.
Published: April 2023

To develop more effective interventions, conservationists require robust information about the proportion of people who break conservation rules (such as those relating to protected species, or protected area legislation). Developed to obtain more accurate estimates of sensitive behaviors, including rule‐breaking, specialized questioning techniques such as Randomized Response Techniques (RRTs) are increasingly applied in conservation, but with mixed evidence of their effectiveness. We use a forced‐response RRT to estimate the prevalence of five rule‐breaking behaviors in communities living around the Ruaha–Rungwa ecosystem in Tanzania. Prevalence estimates obtained for all behaviors were negative or did not differ significantly from zero, suggesting the RRT did not work as expected and that respondents felt inadequately protected. To investigate, we carried out a second study to explore how topic sensitivity influenced respondents' propensity to follow RRT instructions. Results from this experimental study revealed respondents understood instructions well (~88% of responses were correct) but that propensity to follow RRT instructions was significantly influenced by the behavior asked about, and the type of answer they were required to provide. Our two studies highlight that even if RRTs are well understood by respondents, where topics are sensitive and respondents are wary of researchers, their use does not necessarily encourage more honest responding.
The flood that caused a drought
Authors: Nikolsko‐Rzhevskyy Alex , Talavera Oleksandr , Vu Nam
Published: April 2023

To determine how an exogenous supply shock affects product availability, prices, and price‐setting behavior, we analyzed a unique dataset representing a natural experiment concerning the 2011 flood in Thailand, which affected the production facilities of Western Digital, the world's largest producer of hard drives. The natural disaster impacted the overseas inventory of hard drives in the United States, where availability declined by more than 40% and price indexes increased by as much as 38%. However, our findings suggest that such supply shocks, when transmitted to either substitute or complementary products, are likely to be absorbed within production networks.
Interfacial diffusion‐limited vapor‐liquid‐solid mechanism for the growth of tadpole‐shaped boron nitride nanostructures
Authors: Wang Heng , Zhang Fan , Zhu Tianbin , Wang Qinghu , Liang Xiong , Sang Shaobai , Li Yawei , Fu Zhengyi
Published: April 2023

Here, tadpole‐shaped boron nitride (BN) nanostructures, with a length of ∼10 µm and a diameter ranging from 0.05 µm (tail) to 1.0 µm (head), were prepared by a facile two‐step process, involving the synthesis of a cobalt carbonate‐boron precursor, and its annealing using chemical vapor deposition in an ammonia atmosphere. Based on phase composition changes and microstructural evolution during annealing, and thermodynamic analysis, an interfacial diffusion‐limited vapor‐liquid‐solid mechanism was proposed for the growth of the tadpole‐shaped BN nanostructures. An understanding of the growth mechanism of the nano‐tadpoles supplements the knowledge base of the BN nanostructure family and provides a new opportunity for the synthesis of analogous inorganic nanomaterials.
A systematic review and narrative synthesis of inclusive health and social care research with people with intellectual disabilities: How are co‐researchers involved and what are their experiences?
Authors: Hewitt Olivia , Langdon Peter E. , Tapp Katherine , Larkin Michael
Published: April 2023

Background

Using inclusive research methods with people with intellectual disabilities is increasingly common. A recent consensus statement identified key elements when conducting and reporting inclusive research with people with intellectual disabilities. This review identifies the range of health and social care research topics using inclusive research methodologies, systematically appraises the involvement of researchers with intellectual disabilities, and identifies facilitators and barriers to inclusive research. Researchers' experiences of engaging with inclusive research are synthesised.

Method

Seventeen empirical studies focused upon inclusive health and social care research were identified. The associated inclusive research methodologies employed, and the stages in which researchers with intellectual disabilities were involved, along with the experiences of researchers with and without intellectual disabilities were synthesised.

Results

Papers focused on a broad range of health and social care topics and largely employed qualitative or mixed‐methods designs. Researchers with intellectual disabilities were frequently involved with data collection, analysis and dissemination. Facilitators of inclusive research comprised sharing power, team working, having sufficient resources and making research methodologies accessible.

Conclusions

Researchers with intellectual disabilities are involved in a wide range of methodologies and research tasks. How the added value of inclusive research is measured and its impact on outcomes, require consideration.
Frailty predicts mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Guliyara Mohammed Affan , Ermerak Goktug , Levy Miriam , Koo Jenn Hian , Bassan Milan
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim

Evidence on the impact of frailty in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB) is limited. This study aims to define the role of frailty as defined by Canadian Study of Health and Aging clinical frailty scale (CSHA‐CFS) in predicting mortality in UGIB.

Methods

A prospective single‐center cohort study was conducted over 21 months on all consecutive patients with UGIB. Data on demographics, lab parameters, Glasgow Blatchford score, CSHA‐CFS, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and AIMS65 score was recorded. The primary outcome was all‐cause inpatient mortality. The secondary outcomes were all‐cause 30‐day mortality, 30‐day rebleeding, 30‐day readmission, hospital length of stay (LoS), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for repeat endoscopy, and need for blood transfusion. The data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results

There were 298 eligible patients, of which 63% were males, median age was 68 years, 44% were from non‐English‐speaking background, and 72% had major comorbidities. The all‐cause inpatient and 30‐day mortality were 9.4% and 10.7%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, CHSA‐CFS was the independent predictor of all‐cause inpatient mortality (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.13–2.143; P = 0.010) and all‐cause 30‐day mortality (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.26–2.67; P = 0.002). CHSA‐CFS was not a significant predictor of 30‐day rebleed, 30‐day readmission, ICU admission, hospital LoS, or need for blood transfusion.

Conclusion

Frailty is an important independent predictor of mortality in patients with UGIB. Frailty assessment can guide clinical decision making and allow targeting of health‐care resource (Australia/New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry number: ACTRN12622000821796).
Floating to intensive care units: Nurses' messages for instant action to promote patient safety
Authors: Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Timmins Fionna , Dias Jacqueline Maria , Al‐Yateem Nabeel , Gamil Rawia , Subu Muhammad Arsyad , Mustafa Heba , AbuRuz Mohannad Eid
Published: April 2023

Background

The overwhelming number of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) combined with a nursing staff deficit sometimes requires the redeployment of nurses from other areas, meaning non‐critical care nurses are asked to assist in treating critically ill patients. This may affect patient safety, especially in poorly resourced ICUs with financial constraints, such as in some developing countries. Nurses and nurse managers need specific strategies to address this issue and ensure patient safety.

Aim

To explore ICU and floating nurses' perspectives of the floating experience and describe how the use of floating nurses could threaten the safety of patients in Egyptian ICUs.

Study Design

This was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected in in‐depth interviews and analysed using Colaizzi's method of analysis. Forty‐seven interviews were conducted, 22 with ICU nurses/managers and 25 with floating nurses.

Results

Two main themes were extracted: (1) Lived work experience of floating and ICU nurses during the floating period which included three subthemes: Being a floating nurse: living a double experience of a professional role, Being an ICU nurse: feeling overloaded, and small failures leading to bigger, more serious issuses; and (2) Messages for patient safety from floating and ICU nurses' perspectives which also comprised three subthemes: education and training, putting the patient in the safety zone, and poilcy reform.

Conclusions

Promising strategies for ICUs to ensure patient safety when transferring nurses from other units include providing ongoing education and appropriate training for floating nurses to put patients in the safety zone.

Relevance to Clinical Practice

Our findings provide a foundation for nursing practitioners, managers, and policymakers to prevent medical errors and optimize nursing workforce allocation. Nursing managers should consider floating nurses' competence levels when assigning ICU patients. Moreover, teamwork and communication between ICU nurses/managers and floating nurses should be strengthened. Close supervision and use of technology to minimize medical errors are potential strategies to ensure patient safety when using floating nurses.
Epigenetic inheritance in adaptive evolution
Authors: Sabarís Gonzalo , Fitz‐James Maximilian H. , Cavalli Giacomo
Published: April 2023

Since the Modern Synthesis, our ideas of evolution have mostly centered on the information encoded in the DNA molecule and their mechanisms of heredity. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that epigenetic mechanisms have the potential to perpetuate gene activity states in the context of the same DNA sequence. Here, we discuss recent compelling evidence showing that epigenetic signals triggered by environmental stress can persist over very long timeframes, contributing to phenotypic changes in relevant traits upon which selection could act. We argue that epigenetic inheritance plays an important role in fast phenotypic adaptation to fluctuating environments, ensuring the survival of the organisms of a population under environmental stress in the short term while maintaining a “bet‐hedging” strategy of reverting to the original state if the environment returns to standard conditions. These examples call for a reevaluation of the role of nongenetic information in adaptive evolution, raising questions about its broader relevance in nature.
Labor and Sustainability: The Role of Farm Labor Practices in Shaping Antibiotic Use☆
Authors: Ranaware Krushna , Schewe Rebecca
Published: April 2023

In this study, we examine the role that human labor practices and attitudes play in mastitis infections on US dairy farms. Mastitis infection is a key barrier to sustainability in dairy production, contributing to financial losses, animal welfare concerns, and perhaps most importantly imprudent antibiotic use. We combine data from five sources on herd characteristics, owner/manager attitudes and behaviors, and labor management to empirically analyze the connections between labor practices and mastitis infection. We examine 72 conventional dairy farms in Pennsylvania, Florida, and Michigan using survey responses from both employees and owners/managers. We find that several labor practices and attitudes like communication, training, manager attitudes, and work intensity have important and meaningful associations with mastitis infection on dairy farms, in addition to conventional veterinary management practices. We also find that key labor practices are not associated with infection rates once we control for other factors. Our findings demonstrate the ways in which aspects of sustainability are intertwined on farms, particularly labor practices.
The effect of intent and character information on children's evaluations of third‐party transgressions
Authors: Cameron Sophie , Wilks Matti , Nielsen Mark
Published: April 2023

Research in adults suggests that their perception of moral transgressions is affected by the moral character of the agent performing the transgression, such that undesirable actions enacted by ‘good’ agents are seen as less serious than those performed by ‘bad’ agents. This may be partly driven our tendency to view undesirable acts as less intentional when the agent has a perceived good moral character. It is currently unclear whether or not children make similar judgements. Therefore, we investigated if children's use of moral character information is consistent with their judgements of transgressions when the intent behind the act was ambiguous or blatant. Children aged 6–8‐years (N = 60) viewed a series of six moral transgressions in which the protagonist's intent was ambiguous or blatantly harmful, and their moral character was described as being good, mixed or bad. The children were then asked how much they felt the behaviour was intentional, how severe it was and the degree of punishment it deserved. Transgressions performed by ‘good’ characters were viewed as less intentional than those by ‘bad’ characters, but only when the intent behind it was ambiguous. Similarly, transgressions performed by good characters were viewed as less severe and deserving of less punishment than those performed by bad characters, although this effect was not moderated by intent information. These pattern of findings suggest that the view of transgressions performed by good individuals as less serious than the same act performed by bad individuals is established early in development.
Spatial autocorrelation mixtures in geospatial disease data: An important global epidemiologic/public health assessment ingredient?
Authors: Griffith Daniel A.
Published: April 2023

Geographic‐oriented public health has a time‐honored history, beginning with such classic assessments as John Snow's cholera deaths vis‐à‐vis London's Broad Street water pump. His constructed map illustrates how gathering locational information about diseases and mapping its static as well as diffusion map patterns benefit society in the long run. Spatial autocorrelation (SA)—a habitual manifestation of geospatial data locational tagging/indexing characterizing their nonrandom mixture of attribute values across a geographic landscape—latent in georeferenced disease data, is a key feature of such assessment instruments. The objective of this article is to highlight the presence of positive–negative SA mixtures, rather than solely positive SA, in global epidemiologic/public health data, regardless of the place on Earth that houses them, and consequential impacts on the assessment of such data.
An Efficient and Accurate Detection of Fake News Using Capsule Transient Auto Encoder
Authors: Parte Smita Athanere , Ratmele Ankur , Dhanare Ritesh
Published: April 2023

Fake news is “news reports that are deliberatively and indisputably fake.” News that uses fake information is becoming a threat. It becomes challenging for humans to distinguish between fake and actual news. It has become necessary to detect fake news, which seeks to determine whether a news document can be believed. Detection of fake news faces challenges in accurate classification, making existing detection algorithms ineffective. In these issues, this article uses a novel Adaptive Capsule Transient Auto Encoder (ACTAE) for effectively detecting fake news. ACTAE is a combined approach of a classifier named Capsule Auto Encoder and an algorithm called Adaptive Transient Search Optimization Algorithm. The overall detection process is performed in various stages, including preprocessing, feature withdrawal, feature selection, and classification and optimization of weight parameters of the classifier for better results. The overall process is executed in Python, proving that ACTAE detects fake news with higher accuracy (99%) and lower error rate.
A Survey of AI-enabled Dynamic Manufacturing Scheduling: From Directed Heuristics to Autonomous Learning
Authors: Ding Jiepin , Chen Mingsong , Wang Ting , Zhou Junlong , Fu Xin , Li Keqin
Published: April 2023

As one of the most complex parts in manufacturing systems, scheduling plays an important role in the efficient allocation of resources to meet individual customization requirements. However, due to the uncertain disruptions (e.g., task arrival time, service breakdown duration) of manufacturing processes, how to respond to various dynamics in manufacturing to keep the scheduling process moving forward smoothly and efficiently is becoming a major challenge in dynamic manufacturing scheduling. To solve such a problem, a wide spectrum of artificial intelligence techniques have been developed to (1) accurately construct dynamic scheduling models that can represent both personalized customer needs and uncertain provider capabilities and (2) efficiently obtain a qualified schedule within a limited time. From these two perspectives, this article systemically makes a state-of-the-art literature survey on the application of these artificial intelligence techniques in dynamic manufacturing modeling and scheduling. It first introduces two types of dynamic scheduling problems that consider service- and task-related disruptions in the manufacturing process, respectively, followed by a bibliometric analysis of artificial intelligence techniques for dynamic manufacturing scheduling. Next, various kinds of artificial-intelligence-enabled schedulers for solving dynamic scheduling problems including both directed heuristics and autonomous learning methods are reviewed, which strive not only to quickly obtain optimized solutions but also to effectively achieve the adaption to dynamics. Finally, this article further elaborates on the future opportunities and challenges of using artificial-intelligence-enabled schedulers to solve complex dynamic scheduling problems. In summary, this survey aims to present a thorough and organized overview of artificial-intelligence-enabled dynamic manufacturing scheduling and shed light on some related research directions that are worth studying in the future.
Growth Performance, Feed Utilisation, Endogenous Digestive Enzymes, Intestinal Morphology, and Antimicrobial Effect of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Fed with Feed Supplemented with Pineapple Waste Crude Extract as a Functional Feed Additive
Authors: Klahan Rungkan , Deevong Pinsurang , Wiboonsirikul Jintana , Yuangsoi Bundit
Published: April 2023

This study used pineapple waste crude extract (PWCE) to increase the potential of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production for food sustainability and stability. The objective was to investigate the appropriate technique to increase the yield production and quality of shrimp and decrease waste from shrimp culture. Pacific white shrimp (average body size: 0.51 g) were fed with commercial feed supplemented with PWCE at various concentrations of 0 (control), 90, 170, and 250 ppt. Shrimp were fed five times per day for 80 days. At the end of the trial, the results showed that shrimp fed with the PWCE 250 ppt supplementation provided the highest growth rate and the best feed utilisation and yield (

P
<
0.05

). The protein content of whole shrimp in all shrimp fed with the PWCE supplementation diet was higher than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). On the contrary, the variation of endogenous digestive enzymes, including protease, trypsin, and the T/C ratio, was significantly lower in shrimp fed a diet supplemented with PWCE 250 ppt (

P
<
0.05

). While in this group, the number of microorganisms on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salt-sucrose (TCBS), blood agar, and trypticase soy agar (TSA) was lowest (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, the dietary PWCE at 250 ppt increased the volume of microvilli in the hindgut of shrimp, but the supplementation at 170 ppt improved the number of F-cells in the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreas. Nevertheless, the supplementation of PWCE in the diet did not affect the water quality (

P
>
0.05

). Therefore, pineapple waste crude extract supplementation improves both quantitative and qualitative yields and tends to reduce waste.
Assessment of Smear-Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Associated Factors among Patients Visiting Health Facilities of Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mantefardo Bahru , Sisay Gizaw , Awlachew Ephrem
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Tuberculosis (TB) was one of the top causes of ill health and the leading cause of deaths worldwide until the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Hence, this study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of sputum smear-positive TB and associated factors among TB-suspected patients attending in Gedeo Zone health facilities, Southern Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 TB-suspected patients in Gedeo Zone health facilities from July 01 to Sep 30, 2021. Patients were grouped as smear positive if one sputum out of two was positive or two sputum smears became positive. Various descriptive statistics were computed using the SPSS-25, and factors to smear positivity were identified by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio at 95% CI and

p

values < 0.05 were considered as indicators of statistical association. Results. The overall prevalence of smear-positive TB in Gedeo Zone health facilities was 18.2%, which is significantly high, and the MTB detection rate of GeneXpert was 29.5%. Contact with a TB patient, cigarette smoking, and previously treatment for TB were factors significantly associated with smear-positive TB. Conclusion. The prevalence rate of smear-positive PTB in the study area was 18.2% and 29.5% by direct sputum AFB and sputum GeneXpert, respectively. As a result, we recommend intervention on the identified associated risk factors and further studies to ascertain risk factors and their magnitude at the community level.
Cold Atmospheric Plasma Inhibits Lipogenesis and Proliferation of Human Sebocytes and Decreases Sebum Production in Human Facial Skin
Authors: Cho Sung Bin , Lee Seungju , Yoo Dae San , Kim Song-Ee , Kim Taehee , Zouboulis Christos C. , Lee Sang Eun
Published: April 2023

Background. Although several energy devices targeting sebaceous glands have been developed, an effective and safe therapeutic tool for hyperseborrhea is still needed. Nonthermal atmospheric‐pressure plasma (NTAPP) induces microscopic tissue reactions in sebaceous glands of rat skin. Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of NTAPP on sebum production in human skin in vivo followed by an experimental study of human sebocytes. Methods. Fourteen healthy volunteers with oily facial skin underwent three sessions of argon‐ and nitrogen‐NTAPP treatment at a 1‐week interval and were followed up for 8 weeks. The casual sebum level, sebum excretion rate, and porphyrin index were evaluated. Histological analysis was performed using skin biopsy specimens taken from two subjects at the baseline and week 2. SZ95 sebocytes were stimulated with testosterone and linoleic acid (T/LA) with or without treatment with NTAPP. BODIPY and Nile red staining were used for qualitative lipids analysis. Proliferation and differentiation markers were also assessed. Results. Casual sebum levels and sebum excretion rates in facial skin decreased by 26 and 24%, respectively, at week 4 compared to those of the baseline. Porphyrin index also decreased by 38% at week 2. Histologically, NTAPP‐treated human skin showed no obvious thermal injury, but the number of Ki67+ cells in the sebaceous glands decreased at week 2. Argon‐ and nitrogen‐NTAPP attenuated T/LA‐induced increases in neutral lipid accumulation, Ki67+ cells, and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐ɣ transcription in human sebocytes at energy settings that did not induce apoptosis. Conclusion. Argon‐ and nitrogen‐NTAPP can be a safe and effective therapeutic tool for hyperseborrhea‐associated diseases such as acne. This trial is registered with NCT04917835.
Profiling of Humoral Immune Response in Typhoid Patients against Differentially Extracted Whole Cell Bacterial Protein Derived from S. typhi and S. spp
Authors: Abdul Lateef Khan Khairunnisa , Sheik Abdul Kader Zainoodin
Published: April 2023

Typhoid fever is a multiorgan infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi. It is transmitted through fecal oral route and can be fatal without proper treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis of typhoid fever is crucial. In the previous study, we have developed TYPHOIDYNE EIA, which showed excellent synergy between the genus conserved and species-specific antigens in the serodiagnosis of typhoid fever. TYPHOIDYNE EIA can effectively detect and differentiate typhoid patients, typhoid vaccinated subjects, healthy subjects, and subjects with other febrile illnesses. Following the successful development of TYPHOIDYNE EIA, in this report, we further characterize the antigenic components of differentially extracted S. typhi and S. spp recognized by IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody isotypes in typhoid patients and possible typhoid carrier by the western blot (WB) assay. The WB characterization revealed a dynamic pattern of recognition, with significant variations in the number of antigenic bands observed between the differentially extracted arrays of antigens. The reactivity of patient’s sera was divided into 3 regions, with region 1 (≥55 kDa) showing the strongest reactivity followed by region 2 (54 kDa–34 kDa) and region 3 (<34 kDa). Overall, the good synergy expressed in these bands suggests the potential role of these proteins in differentiating typhoid patients with possible typhoid carrier. The antigenic bands highlighted in this study are also identified as prospective biomarkers for diagnostic use and vaccine development.
Western Diet Decreases Hepatic Drug Metabolism in Male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 Mice
Authors: Koponen Markus , Rysä Jaana , Ruotsalainen Anna-Kaisa , Kärkkäinen Olli , Juvonen Risto O.
Published: April 2023

Consumption of a Western diet is an important risk factor for several chronic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but its effect on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in the liver has been studied incompletely. In this study, male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 mice were fed with Western diet (WD) or a standard diet for five months to reveal the effects on drug metabolism such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) oxidation and conjugation activities in the liver. Hepatic steatosis, lobular inflammation, and early fibrosis were observed in WD fed mice, but not in chow diet control mice. When compared to the controls, the WD-fed mice had significantly decreased protein-normalized CYP probe activities of 7-ethoxyresorufinO-deethylation (52%), coumarin 7-hydroxylation (26%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-fluoro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (70%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-6-methoxycoumarin (78%), 7-hydroxylation of 3-(3-methoxyphenyl)coumarin (81%), and pentoxyresorufin O-depentylation (66%). Increased activity was seen significantly in sulfonation of 3-(4-methylphenyl)-7-hydroxycoumarin (289%) and cytosol catechol O-methyltranferase (COMT, 148%) in the WD group when compared to the controls. In conclusion, the WD-induced steatosis in male LDLr−/−ApoB100/100 mice was associated with decreased CYP oxidation reactions but had no clear effects on conjugation reactions of glucuronidation, sulfonation, and cytosolic catechol O-methylation. Consequently, the WD may decrease the metabolic elimination of drugs compared to healthier low-fat diets.
Effects of Watering Regimes and Planting Density on Taro (Colocasia esculenta) Growth, Yield, and Yield Components in Embu, Kenya
Authors: Wambui Njuguna Joyce , Karuma Anne N. , Gicheru Patrick , Onwonga Richard
Published: April 2023

Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is one of the most underutilized crops in sub-Saharan Africa and an important staple food in the tropics. Understanding its growth response under selected watering regimes and planting densities underpins this research. A study was conducted at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Embu Research Centre, during the long rains (LR) in 2021 and the short rains (SR) in 2021–2022. A factorial experiment with a split-plot layout arranged in a completely randomized block design was used. The main factor was the irrigation levels, while the subfactor was the planting density, with three replications. The three irrigation levels were at 100%, 60%, and 30% based on the field capacity (FC). The planting densities used were 0.5 m × 0.5 m (40,000 plants ha−1), 1 m × 0.5 m (20,000 plants ha−1), and 1 m × 1 m (10,000 plants ha−1), representative of high, medium, and low planting densities, respectively. Time and season (

P
<
0.05

) significantly influenced taro growth components (plant height, leaf area, leaf area index, and vegetative growth index) and yield components (corm length, corm diameter, corm mass, yield, and total biomass). Planting density influenced the leaf area and the leaf area index (

P
<
0.05

). The watering regime did not affect taro growth or yield components. Corm mass (0.59 kg), total biomass (49.8 t/ha), and yield (13.38 t/ha) were all the highest in the 30% FC. The 1 m × 0.5 m spacing produced the highest corm mass (0.62 kg). The high planting density (0.5 m × 0.5 m) resulted in the highest total biomass (70.2 t/ha), yield (20.84 t/ha), and harvest index (30.44%). As a result, the 0.5 m × 0.5 m planting density and 30% FC watering regime are recommended to farmers in the area for increased yields and food security.
Effects of Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry By-Product Meal (PBM) on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme, and Immunity of Giant River Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)
Authors: Boateng Agyenim Godfred , Zhao Jingyi , Zhao Jianghua , Xu Hong , Li Hongqin , Zhao Min , Xu Qiyou , Liu Cong
Published: April 2023

A 56-day feeding trial was performed to determine the effect of replacing fishmeal with 0, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% PBM (FM) on growth performance, digestive enzyme, and immunity of juvenile giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Diets were fed in quadruplicate (50 prawns per replicate) to satiation (3–5% of their body weight). The finial weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate of prawns were significantly reduced

P
<
0.05

when 100% PBM was substituted for fish meal, whereas the remaining test diets showed no variation compared to the control

P
>
0.05

. There was no significant difference in survival rates. The moisture, crude protein, and crude fat of the prawn were unchanged

P
>
0.05

. The SOD activity, MDA content, and AKP activity of hemolymph did not change significantly. However, the ACP activity of all replacement groups decreased significantly

P

<

0.05

. The amylase enzyme activity in the intestine of prawn fed 25% of PBM increased significantly compared with the control group, while the trypsin and lipase activities were unchanged. This study showed that PBM up to 75% replacement group does not affect growth performance, and all replacement groups have no adverse effect on intestinal digestive enzyme activity and immunity in juvenile M. rosenbergii. Therefore, poultry by-product meal could replace fish meal by up to 75%.
Study of Nonlocal Multiorder Implicit Differential Equation Involving Hilfer Fractional Derivative on Unbounded Domains
Authors: Thabet Sabri T. M. , Kedim Imed
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to study the existence and uniqueness of the solution for nonlocal multiorder implicit differential equation involving Hilfer fractional derivative on unbounded domains

a
,
∞

,
a
≥
0

, in an applicable Banach space by utilizing the Banach contraction principle. Furthermore, we discuss various types of stability such as Ulam–Hyers–Rassias (UHR), Ulam–Hyers (UH), and semi-Ulam–Hyers–Rassias (sUHR) for nonlocal boundary value problem. Absolutely, our results cover that several outcomes have existed in the literature.
A Manualized Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Substance Use Disorder
Authors: McKowen James , Berger Amy , Towbin Joshua , Yule Amy M. , Woodward Diana , Nowinski Lisa , Forchelli Gina , Meyers Robert J. , Joshi Gagan , Wilens Timothy E.
Published: April 2023

Research highlights the increasing overlap of autism spectrum disorder and substance use disorders in young people. However, no behavioral treatments exist addressing this comorbidity despite great need. A team of clinicians developed an integrated behavioral protocol addressing substance use in youth with autism spectrum disorder. The multidisciplinary team developed 12 youth, 7 parent, and 3 joint modules based on established evidence-based therapies shown to have effectiveness separately addressing autism spectrum and substance use. Two cases are discussed to illuminate this integrated intervention. Adaptations to the protocol were made during feedback from patients and their parents. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of this preliminary protocol.
Antioxidant, α-Glucosidase, and α-Amylase Inhibition Activities of Erythropalum scandens Blume
Authors: Adhikari Achyut , Adhikari Binita , Shrestha Dipesh , Tharu Ram Jeevan , Gyawali Nisha , Paudel Hem Raj
Published: April 2023

Diabetes is a major health problem worldwide, which is increasing day by day. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been a key source of medicinal agents, and many of them have been authorized as strong medications or drug candidates. This study evaluated the antioxidant, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase inhibition activities of Erythropalum scandens Blume. The plant revealed the significant antioxidant and in vitro antidiabetic activity. The crude methanolic extract reported the highest antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 59.35 ± 5.47 μg/mL, followed by its dichloromethane (DCM) and ethyl acetate (EA) fractions with an IC50 of 66.45 ± 2.46 μg/mL and 80.46 ± 2.69 μg/mL, respectively, as compared to the standard quercetin’s IC50 value of 6.29 ± 1.02 μg/mL. Among the crude extract and its fractions, the EA fraction disclosed the significant inhibiting activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase with an IC50 value of 17.92 ± 0.88 μg/mL and 44.51 ± 0.12 μg/mL, respectively. This research work has scientifically validated the traditional use of this plant.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Characterization of an Akt Kinase Inhibitor with Potent Pharmacodynamic and Antitumor Activity
Authors: Rhodes Nelson , Heerding Dirk A. , Duckett Derek R. , Eberwein Derek J. , Knick Victoria B. , Lansing Timothy J. , McConnell Randy T. , Gilmer Tona M. , Zhang Shu-Yun , Robell Kimberly , Kahana Jason A. , Geske Robert S. , Kleymenova Elena V. , Choudhry Anthony E. , Lai Zhihong , Leber Jack D. , Minthorn Elisabeth A. , Strum Susan L. , Wood Edgar R. , Huang Pearl S. , Copeland Robert A. , Kumar Rakesh
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Characterization of an Akt Kinase Inhibitor with Potent Pharmacodynamic and Antitumor Activity
Supplementary Figure 2 from Elevated CRAF as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Melanoma
Authors: Montagut Clara , Sharma Sreenath V. , Shioda Toshi , McDermott Ultan , Ulman Matthew , Ulkus Lindsey E. , Dias-Santagata Dora , Stubbs Hannah , Lee Diana Y. , Singh Anurag , Drew Lisa , Haber Daniel A. , Settleman Jeffrey
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Elevated CRAF as a Potential Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibition in Melanoma
Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/Cyclin E Complex Is Involved in p120 Catenin (p120ctn)–Dependent Cell Growth Control: A New Role for p120ctn in Cancer
Authors: Chartier Nicolas T. , Oddou Christiane I. , Lainé Michèle G. , Ducarouge Benjamin , Marie Christiane A. , Block Marc R. , Jacquier-Sarlin Muriel R.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2/Cyclin E Complex Is Involved in p120 Catenin (p120ctn)–Dependent Cell Growth Control: A New Role for p120ctn in Cancer
Supplementary Table 5 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Iorio Marilena V. , Visone Rosa , Di Leva Gianpiero , Donati Valentina , Petrocca Fabio , Casalini Patrizia , Taccioli Cristian , Volinia Stefano , Liu Chang-Gong , Alder Hansjuerg , Calin George A. , Ménard Sylvie , Croce Carlo M.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 5 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer
Supplementary Figure 4 from Targeting the Nuclear Factor-κB Rescue Pathway Has Promising Future in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Sourbier Carole , Danilin Sabrina , Lindner Véronique , Steger Jacques , Rothhut Sylvie , Meyer Nicolas , Jacqmin Didier , Helwig Jean-Jacques , Lang Hervé , Massfelder Thierry
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 4 from Targeting the Nuclear Factor-κB Rescue Pathway Has Promising Future in Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Therapy
Supplementary Figure 1 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Iorio Marilena V. , Visone Rosa , Di Leva Gianpiero , Donati Valentina , Petrocca Fabio , Casalini Patrizia , Taccioli Cristian , Volinia Stefano , Liu Chang-Gong , Alder Hansjuerg , Calin George A. , Ménard Sylvie , Croce Carlo M.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from MicroRNA Signatures in Human Ovarian Cancer
Supplementary Table 1 from Genome-Scale MicroRNA and Small Interfering RNA Screens Identify Small RNA Modulators of TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis Pathway
Authors: Ovcharenko Dmitriy , Kelnar Kevin , Johnson Charles , Leng Nan , Brown David
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 1 from Genome-Scale MicroRNA and Small Interfering RNA Screens Identify Small RNA Modulators of TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis Pathway
Supplementary Figure and Table Legends from Mitochondrial/Cell-Surface Protein p32/gC1qR as a Molecular Target in Tumor Cells and Tumor Stroma
Authors: Fogal Valentina , Zhang Lianglin , Krajewski Stan , Ruoslahti Erkki
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure and Table Legends from Mitochondrial/Cell-Surface Protein p32/gC1qR as a Molecular Target in Tumor Cells and Tumor Stroma
Supplementary Table 1 from The Activity of Zoledronic Acid on Neuroblastoma Bone Metastasis Involves Inhibition of Osteoclasts and Tumor Cell Survival and Proliferation
Authors: Peng Hongjun , Sohara Yasuyoshi , Moats Rex A. , Nelson Marvin D. , Groshen Susan G. , Ye Wei , Reynolds C. Patrick , DeClerck Yves A.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 1 from The Activity of Zoledronic Acid on Neuroblastoma Bone Metastasis Involves Inhibition of Osteoclasts and Tumor Cell Survival and Proliferation
Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from A Transgenic Mouse Model of Plasma Cell Malignancy Shows Phenotypic, Cytogenetic, and Gene Expression Heterogeneity Similar to Human Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Boylan Kristin L.M. , Gosse Mary A. , Staggs Sarah E. , Janz Siegfried , Grindle Suzanne , Kansas Geoffrey S. , Van Ness Brian G.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 Legend from A Transgenic Mouse Model of Plasma Cell Malignancy Shows Phenotypic, Cytogenetic, and Gene Expression Heterogeneity Similar to Human Multiple Myeloma
Supplementary Figure 2 from Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Cell Death Selectively in Cells That Harbor Activated kRasV12: The Role of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 and p21
Authors: Klampfer Lidija , Huang Jie , Shirasawa Senji , Sasazuki Takehiko , Augenlicht Leonard
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Induce Cell Death Selectively in Cells That Harbor Activated kRasV12: The Role of Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription 1 and p21
Supplementary Figure 2 from Bobel-24 and Derivatives Induce Caspase-Independent Death in Pancreatic Cancer Regardless of Apoptotic Resistance
Authors: Parreño Matilde , Casanova Isolda , Céspedes María Virtudes , Vaqué Jose Pedro , Pavón Miguel Angel , Leon Javier , Mangues Ramon
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Bobel-24 and Derivatives Induce Caspase-Independent Death in Pancreatic Cancer Regardless of Apoptotic Resistance
Supplementary Methods from Human Adrenomedullin Up-regulates Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Chain in Prostate Cancer In vitro and In vivo: A Novel Approach to Sensitize Prostate Cancer to Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Joshi Bharat H. , Leland Pamela , Calvo Alfonso , Green Jeffrey E. , Puri Raj K.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Methods from Human Adrenomedullin Up-regulates Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 Chain in Prostate Cancer In vitro and In vivo: A Novel Approach to Sensitize Prostate Cancer to Anticancer Therapy
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors
Authors: Humbey Olivier , Pimkina Julia , Zilfou Jack T. , Jarnik Michal , Dominguez-Brauer Carmen , Burgess Darren J. , Eischen Christine M. , Murphy Maureen E.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-2 from The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors
Supplementary Figure 5 from Containment of Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria by Host Neutrophils
Authors: Westphal Kathrin , Leschner Sara , Jablonska Jadwiga , Loessner Holger , Weiss Siegfried
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 5 from Containment of Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria by Host Neutrophils
Supplementary Figure 1 from The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors
Authors: Humbey Olivier , Pimkina Julia , Zilfou Jack T. , Jarnik Michal , Dominguez-Brauer Carmen , Burgess Darren J. , Eischen Christine M. , Murphy Maureen E.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 1 from The ARF Tumor Suppressor Can Promote the Progression of Some Tumors
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Lowering Bone Mineral Affinity of Bisphosphonates as a Therapeutic Strategy to Optimize Skeletal Tumor Growth Inhibition In vivo
Authors: Fournier Pierrick G.J. , Daubiné Florence , Lundy Mark W. , Rogers Michael J. , Ebetino Frank H. , Clézardin Philippe
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Lowering Bone Mineral Affinity of Bisphosphonates as a Therapeutic Strategy to Optimize Skeletal Tumor Growth Inhibition In vivo
Supplementary Figure 6 from Conditional Loss of Uterine Pten Unfailingly and Rapidly Induces Endometrial Cancer in Mice
Authors: Daikoku Takiko , Hirota Yasushi , Tranguch Susanne , Joshi Ayesha R. , DeMayo Francesco J. , Lydon John P. , Ellenson Lora H. , Dey Sudhansu K.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 6 from Conditional Loss of Uterine Pten Unfailingly and Rapidly Induces Endometrial Cancer in Mice
Supplementary Data from Levels of SCS7/FA2H-Mediated Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylation Determine the Sensitivity of Cells to Antitumor PM02734
Authors: Herrero Ana B. , Astudillo Alma M. , Balboa María A. , Cuevas Carmen , Balsinde Jesús , Moreno Sergio
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Data from Levels of SCS7/FA2H-Mediated Fatty Acid 2-Hydroxylation Determine the Sensitivity of Cells to Antitumor PM02734
Supplementary Figure 4 from Conditional Loss of Uterine Pten Unfailingly and Rapidly Induces Endometrial Cancer in Mice
Authors: Daikoku Takiko , Hirota Yasushi , Tranguch Susanne , Joshi Ayesha R. , DeMayo Francesco J. , Lydon John P. , Ellenson Lora H. , Dey Sudhansu K.
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 4 from Conditional Loss of Uterine Pten Unfailingly and Rapidly Induces Endometrial Cancer in Mice
Supplementary Figure 2 from Leptin Receptor–Related Immune Response in Colorectal Tumors: The Role of Colonocytes and Interleukin-8
Authors: Abolhassani Mohammad , Aloulou Nijez , Chaumette Marie Thérèse , Aparicio Thomas , Martin-Garcia Nadine , Mansour Hicham , Le Gouvello Sabine , Delchier Jean Charles , Sobhani Iradj
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure 2 from Leptin Receptor–Related Immune Response in Colorectal Tumors: The Role of Colonocytes and Interleukin-8
Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Glucocorticoids Antagonize Estrogens by Glucocorticoid Receptor–Mediated Activation of Estrogen Sulfotransferase
Authors: Gong Haibiao , Jarzynka Michael J. , Cole Timothy J. , Lee Jung Hoon , Wada Taira , Zhang Bin , Gao Jie , Song Wen-Chao , DeFranco Donald B. , Cheng Shi-Yuan , Xie Wen
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Figure Legends 1-3 from Glucocorticoids Antagonize Estrogens by Glucocorticoid Receptor–Mediated Activation of Estrogen Sulfotransferase