bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological nicotine dependence using the Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence scale in tobacco users visiting tobacco cessation center
Authors: Gurung Deepak , Bhardwaj Vinay Kumar , Fotedar Shailee
Published: December 2024

Background:

The study aimed to assess the physiological dependence of tobacco use among patients visiting the tobacco cessation center (TCC) in the tertiary institute.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study design with simple random sampling was used. The information obtained from the subject was through interview recorded on a structured pro forma. The information included demographic details, dependence status based on tobacco use history and behavior, and the Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence (FTND) for physiological dependence.

Results:

Of the total subjects in the study, 33.2%–37.5% subjects had either high or very high FTNDs score category. The mean FTND score was to be 6.8 ± 2.4. A high or very high FTND score was found for those tobacco users, who switch over to cheaper tobacco products on price rise, daily buyers, craving as reason for relapse, and those subjects who were in the precontemplation stage with a statistically significant difference. 31.3% did not agree that the price increase in tobacco products will decrease tobacco use for subjects starting the initiation of tobacco products in the morning 31–60 min after waking up. The amount of tobacco use was statistically significant for the pattern for purchase of tobacco products and stages of behavior.

Conclusion:

The physiological nicotine dependence in the study was of high level. Tolerance and withdrawal are important constructs in understanding physiological nicotine dependence using the FTNDs scale. Tolerance was associated with various stages of behavior and pattern of tobacco purchase in the study. Withdrawal was associated with various reasons of quitting tobacco use, stages of behavior, and some price influence on tobacco use. There was a gradual and less withdrawal in low physiological nicotine dependence in the study.
Assessing the roles of personal protective equipment usage among clinical staff in three selected district hospitals in the Ashanti Region
Authors: Appiah Evans Akwasi
Published: December 2024

Background:

The issue of emerging diseases of public health concern in developing countries is gaining significant attention due to the increasing speed and their effects on finances and human resource of which health-care workers are no exception. To ensure the containment of these emerging diseases, a study was conducted to assess the roles of personal protective equipment (PPE) usage among clinical staff in three selected district hospitals in the Ashanti Region, namely Juaben Government Hospital, Onwe Government Hospital, and Effiduase Government Hospital.

Methodology:

The study employed cross-sectional study where 246 respondents were sampled based on purposive (due to the participants being recruited) and simple random sampling (to eliminate all possible biases) and were made to respond to a structured questionnaire. Data collected were presented as frequencies, percentages, tables, and graphs and analyzed using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS). A Chi-square test was used to ascertain the association among the variables, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Majority of the respondents were females (65.0%). Age range 20–29 years (52.9%), diploma holders (56.9%), nurses (48.9%), and 1-year working experience (30.1%) were the majority indicators among the respondents. The study showed that surgical masks, gloves, and protective gowns were the most PPE used by clinical staff and also disclosed that PPE usage could be an ideal solution in containing emerging diseases (80.9%). Additionally, the results indicated that PPE usage helps in reducing cross-infection.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that PPE were helpful, and despite their difficulties they may impose when worn, they should be worn at all times. PPE usage and frequent training on their usage in health-care settings are very key if emerging diseases of public health concern are to be contained.
Development of a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring LC-APCI-MS/MS method for quantification of ten nitrosamines in ranitidine API with simple extraction approach
Authors: Maviş Murat Emrah , Ular Çağatay Neşe , Göksu Gürsu Gökçe
Published: December 2024

Nitrosamines (NAs) are classified as probable or possible human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the presence of these impurities has resulted in numerous drug recalls from the market. In April 2020, ranitidine which is prescribed to reduce the amount of acid secreted by the stomach has been recalled owing to contamination with NAs. In this work, a simple and sensitive method for simultaneous determination of 10 NAs were developed, utilizing atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation source coupled liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer (LC-APCI-MS/MS). By performing dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) mode, 10 NAs were separated on a Poroshell HPH C18 (4.6 x 150 mm, 2.7 µm) column with gradient elution implementing mobile phase A consisting of 0.2 % formic acid in water and mobile phase B consisting of methanol in 17 min. The proposed analytical method was successfully implemented in active pharmaceutic ingredient (API) of ranitidine with a water-based extraction procedure. Good linearity with a correlation coefficient (R2) ≥ 0.994 was accomplished over the concentration in range of 0.5–50 ng/mL. The limits of detection (LODs) ranged in 0.06–0.17 ng/mL and limits of quantitation (LOQs) ranged in 0.21-0.58 ng/mL of the method met thresholds of US Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for testing of NAs. The accuracy of the developed method ranged from 83.1% to 111.9 % and the percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) was ≤ 8.9.
Technological Influence on Communications and Society: All Roads Lead to AI
Authors: Angova Stella , Valchanov Ivan
Published: December 2024

This issue covers the history of AI, the role of AI in transforming public relations, political communications on social media, the relationship between post-culture and Generation Z, ethical dilemmas of social media use, the dynamics of news value, the narrative transformation of video game-based television series, and the ethical use of AI in marketing.
Under the Flags оf Digital Political Agitation
Authors: Valkov Iliya
Published: December 2024

Communication between politicians and citizens is increasingly transferred to the topos of digital platforms. Serious funds are invested for advertising, political agitation, groups and pages are created in which opponents are attacked. The publication is focused on processes and tools for political agitation in social networks such as Facebook, TikTok, YouTube, Telegram. Case studies from Bulgaria and the world are analyzed. Various quantitative and qualitative methods are used - analysis and synthesis of literature, case studies, working with data, involved observation, etc. Case studies show that the public space is increasingly saturated with messages that carry misinformation, conspiratorial narratives, division provoked by fear and hatred, and undermine trust in traditional institutions and authorities. The text proposes the idea that one of the tools for counteracting these social phenomena is the construction of collective immunity from knowledge and skills to improve the digital and information literacy of citizens.
Colombian College Professors Work-Related Health: Associations Between Stress and Voice Acoustics Parameters
Authors: Carrillo-González Andrés , Atará-Piraquive Ángela Patricia , Camargo-Mendoza Maryluz , Hernández-Contreras Jeison Ramiro , Cantor-Cutiva Lady Catherine
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Teachers have a high risk of developing voice disorders and high-stress levels due to their working conditions. Moreover, stress causes changes at a physiological level in different systems such as the cardiac, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems. In the latter, the rate of airflow is increased producing significant changes in the acoustic parameters of the voice.
Methods. An exploratory, correlational, longitudinal study was conducted to investigate the association between perceived stress and three acoustic parameters related to voice perturbation and harmonicity (jitter, shimmer, and harmonics-to-noise ratio) among college professors. The study also aimed to explore potential changes in this association over the follow-up period. Twenty-four college professors participated in the study. Participants completed a questionnaire that gathered information on socio-demographic characteristics, working conditions, and stress perception. Voice samples were collected from each participant and subjected to acoustic analysis using Praat software. To examine the associations between stress levels and the acoustic parameters, generalized linear models (GLM) with a gamma distribution were employed.
Results. We found that professors with low stress levels had increased jitter and shimmer values; whereas participants with moderate and high stress levels had increased harmonics-to-noise ratio values compared to those with a lower stress level.
Conclusions. Stress has an important effect on voice perturbation and harmonicity parameters. These results justify the design of interdisciplinary workplace interventions for voice disorders among teachers that include activities on stress management.
Exertional Desaturation and Ambulatory Oxygen Therapy Requirements in People with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. A Retrospective Study
Authors: Soler Tamara , Cabrera Osvaldo , Gutierrez-Arias Ruvistay , Lara Francisca , Benavides María Guacolda
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Exertional desaturation (ED) is common in advanced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) stages. Ambulatory O2 therapy could increase physical activity by preventing ED in people with IPF.
Objective. This study aimed to assess ED and ambulatory O2 requirements in people with IPF using a protocol that involved up to four 6-minute walking tests (6MWT).
Method. An observational study of a dynamic retrospective cohort from a high-complexity hospital was conducted. The ambulatory O2 requirement assessment protocol involves performing up to four 6MWT depending on ED. All participants performed the baseline test (no additional O2). If ED (SpO2 < 90%) was observed, up to three additional 6MWTs were performed with two, four, and six O2 liters/minute until ED was avoided.
Results. Twenty-eight patients (16 female; mean age 73 years) were referred for assessment of ambulatory O2 requirements. Twenty-three (82%) had ED during baseline 6MWT. Twenty-two patients performed the 6MWT with two liters/minute of O2, ten performed a third 6MWT with four liters/minute of O2, and seven with six liters/minute of O2. The six participants who performed all four 6MWTs significantly increased their walking distance by 56.33 meters (SD 36.45) compared to the baseline (p = 0.001). Four of the seven patients (57.14%) who performed the last 6MWT had ED despite O2 supplementation.
Conclusion. The prevalence of ED during baseline 6MWT was high. Some participants even experienced ED with six liters/minute of supplemental O2. Despite this, walking distance increased more than the learning effect.
Integration of knowledge and methods specific to biology in activities concerning human and environmental health
Authors: ȚÂNCULESCU Elena-Camelia
Published: December 2024

The curriculum analysis of biology highlights the progressive training of key competences and aims at integrating pupils life experiences into activities that stimulates students collaboration and interdisciplinary links. This interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approach to content enables the integration and transfer of knowledge and methods specific to biology into new contexts that contribute contributes to the formation of healthy habits and behaviors, to values and attitudes toward issues relating to human health and the environment, lifelong learning competence.
Visualization of the "ego"-graph of the professionalization of teachers
Authors: VICOL Nelu
Published: December 2024

The text is focused on the dimensioning of the concept of „ego”-graphy of the professionalization of teaching staff viewed in the social, cultural, pedagogical/psychological and individual anchorage, which builds and builds the paradigm of pedagogical education in the human-human relationship, so on the mentality of the dichotomy teacher- teacher, teacher-student and teacher-educational policy.
Obtaining porous structures from bioglass and tricalcium phosphate through the replication method
Authors: CUCURUZ Andreia , GHIȚULICĂ Cristina , VOICU Georgeta , BOGDAN Alexandra , DOCHIU Vasilica
Published: December 2024

The aim of this work was to make scaffolds based on β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and bioglass (BG) by the method of replicating a polymeric sponge. Initially, the ceramic powders were obtained by co-precipitation and the bioglass by the sol-gel method. Subsequently, the powders were used to obtain porous structures. Different compositions were obtained by varying the TCP/BG ratio. Finally, the scaffolds were subjected to a thermal process to burn the sponge and the second step implied sintering the ceramic structure. The scaffolds were tested to evaluate the morphology, mechanical and bioactive properties and were also biologically characterized by in vitro tests.
Multielement analysis in mussels using total reflectance X-ray fluorescence
Authors: LAZĂR Nina Nicoleta , TIMOFTI Mihaela , ITICESCU Cătălina , CĂLMUC Mădălina , CĂLMUC Valentina-Andreea , SIMIONOV Ira , ANTACHE Alina , MILEA Ștefania-Adelina , CODREANU Miruna
Published: December 2024

Mussels are good sources of proteins, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals, being recommend as part of a weekly diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analytical potential of total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) technique for the determination of major and trace elements in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Six samples of mussel muscle and digestive tissues were mineralized and analyzed. The identified and quantified elements were Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, and Pb using Ga as internal standard. The attained results prove that TXRF represents a useful tool for quantifying elements with low detection limits.
Generating a Reflexive AI-Assisted Workflow for Academic Writing
Authors: Johnson Corey W. , Paulus Treena M.
Published: December 2024

Digital research workflows are study designs that intentionally consider the use of technology in meaningful and reflexive ways. While most scholars use digital tools and spaces in their research process, doing so has consequences that are infrequently considered in an intentional way. Especially in this age of generative AI, technology integration into research studies will have an even greater impact and consequences on study outcomes. This paper documents one digital research workflow, the academic writing process, to demonstrate how inviting generative AI to be a writing partner can be done in a reflexive manner. Drawing on Paulus and Lester’s (2023) technological reflexivity framework, we emphasize the need to assess the use and impact of platforms such as ChatGPT on four dimensions of the academic writing workflow: writing methods, writers and their audience, writing outcomes, and the generative AI platform itself. We structure this use case according to Woolf and Silver’s (2018) notions of “strategies” and “tactics,” applied to the academic writing process, combined with Paulus and Lester’s four consequence categories. We include recommendations for navigating and using generative artificial intelligence in future academic writing endeavors.
The What’s What and the Who’s Who of Psychobiography
Authors: Chenail Ronald
Published: December 2024

Joseph G. Ponterotto’s 2025 book, The Psychobiographer's Handbook: A Practical Guide to Research and Ethics, not only serves as an excellent introduction and practical methodological guide to psychobiography, but it also introduces readers to the leading psychobiographers from around the world via the 22 captivating profiles distributed throughout the book. Starting with his self-reflective introduction Ponterotto brings us inside the psychobiography craft by combining technical design and data management skills along with a relational awareness of the researcher to the historic subject. Lastly, the structure of this book can also serve as a template for anyone wanting to create a helpful research handbook.
Safety Assessment RP1466 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in February 2022 from Firmenich S.A. (Meyrin, Switzerland) for the approval of use of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde as a flavouring substance in or on food (Application reference: RP1466). This Application is being considered within the food flavourings regime.

The Applicant intends to use the Candidate Substance as a flavouring ingredient in accordance with Article 4 of assimilated Regulation (EC) No 1334/200.

The Candidate Substance (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde; CAS 673-22- 3) is a pale yellow to orange–pink solid powder that imparts an odour/flavour with a vanilla bean almond-like note at ambient conditions.

To support the FSA and FSS in undertaking this safety assessment the Additives, Enzymes and other regulated products Joint Expert Group (AEJEG) were asked to provide their risk assessment advice and conclusions on the information provided within the dossier and the supplementary information from the applicant. The AEJEG concluded that 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde is safe under the proposed conditions of use. The Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT) also reviewed the AEJEG safety assessment agreeing with the conclusions of the AEJEG.

The views of the AEJEG and COT have been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the conclusions of the FSA and FSS on the Candidate Substance (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde) as a flavouring ingredient.
Safety Assessment RP652 Genetically Modified MIR162 Maize
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

“Following the submission of application RP652 to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 from Syngenta Crop Protection NV/SA, represented by Syngenta Limited (Bracknell, UK), FSA/FSS (Food Standards Scotland) have undertaken a safety assessment on genetically modified MIR162 maize. To support the safety assessment by FSA/FSS, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and (ACNFP) provided advice to FSA/FSS on the data submitted for the renewal of authorisation for the genetically modified maize MIR162, as outlined in this document. The advice of the ACNFP has been taken into account in this safety assessment which represents the opinion of FSA/FSS on the safety of genetically modified MIR162 maize.

MIR162 maize is modified to express the Vip3a20 and PMI proteins; Vip3Aa20 – a variant of a protein from the soil bacterium Bacillus thurigiensis – is an insecticidal protein, active against certain lepidopteran pests of maize, including Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall armyworm) and Helicoverpa zea (Corn earworm). PMI (phosphomannose isomerase – from E. coli strain K-12) catalyses the reversible interconversion of mannose and fructose, and enables the plant to use mannose as a primary carbon source. It is used as a selectable marker in the development of MIR162 maize.

MIR162 maize has previously been authorised for food and feed uses and is most commonly used as animal feed. The scope of this application is for the renewal of the authorisation for placing on the market of food and feed products containing, consisting of, or produced from genetically modified MIR162 maize. This also includes products other than food or feed. The application does not cover cultivation and therefore no MIR162 maize will be grown in the UK.

In providing its advice on the safety of MIR162 maize for food and feed, the ACNFP considered data provided as part of application RP652 (post-market environmental monitoring reports, evaluation of systematic literature searches, additional studies performed by or on behalf of the applicant, and updated bioinformatics analyses), additional information provided by the applicant, and analyses and reports from outside contractors. The ACNFP assessed these data for possible new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties identified during the authorisation period and not previously assessed in the context of the original application (EFSA GMO Panel 2012).

FSA/FSS concludes, based on ACNFP advice, that there is no evidence in the renewal application RP652 for new hazards, modified exposures, or new scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessment on genetically modified maize MIR162 (EFSA GMO Panel 2012).”
Assessment RP1585 Genetically Modified MS8, RF3, and MS8 × RF3 Canola
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

FSA/FSS have reviewed an assessment of application RP1585 for the renewal of authorisation of genetically modified (GM) MS8, RF3, and MS8 × RF3 oilseed rape (canola) for food and feed uses, import and processing.

This GM application has been made to renew the authorisation in Great Britain (GB) as it is 10 years since the product was authorised and placed on the market in the EU. The same events have been authorised for food and/or feed use in 10 or more other territories worldwide as the information and data demonstrate that the regulatory science and safety criteria are satisfied according to the regulatory requirements in those territories. This Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) had its authorisation renewed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2023.

FSA/FSS have reviewed the information provided by the applicant and the EFSA renewal Opinion1 and confirmed that MS8, RF3, and MS8 × RF3 canola, as described in this application, is unlikely to have any adverse effect on human or animal health or on the environment in the context of its intended uses in GB.
Safety Assessment: Cannabidiol (CBD) Isolate as a Novel Food for Use in a Range of Food Categories Including Food Supplements
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: December 2024

“An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in February 2021 from Cannaray Brands Ltd (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of cannabidiol (CBD) isolate as a novel food.

The novel food is a >98% pure form CBD isolate which is intended to be used as a food ingredient in food supplements, beverages, and confectionary for adults.

For CBD a provisional Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 10 mg/day has been published by the FSA and was considered in assessing this novel food. The provisional ADI (section 2.7) was recommended, subject to the existing advice to consumers that pregnant and breastfeeding women and people taking any prescription medication should avoid the consumption of CBD. Consumers on regular medications should seek advice from a medical professional before using any type of CBD food product. In addition, children and prospective parents trying for a baby are advised against consumption of CBD, as are those who are immunosuppressed, due to remaining data gaps and residual uncertainties concerning the safety of CBD for these groups of consumers. These contraindications would also apply to this novel food.

To support the FSA and FSS in their evaluations of the application, the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) were asked to review the dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. Please note the Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage.

The FSA and FSS concluded based on the advice of the ACNFP, that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, CBD isolate, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in foods and food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous.

The views of the ACNFP have been taken into account in the regulatory assessment which represents the opinions of the FSA and FSS. ”
DIGITALIZATION OF HV SUBSTATIONS – BIG DATA CHALLENGES
Authors:   WSP UK, Mijušković Srđan
Published: December 2024

HV substations are key parts of any transmission system that, on the one
hand, interconnect vast amounts of energy sources and on the other, various energy
consumers. The conventional grid is vulnerable to any of nowadays inverter-based
sources due to the sheer multiplicity of dedicated machines. On the other hand, the
structure of consumers is changing inexorably. Digitalization through IEC 61850 is a
process that should contain and handle all these demands, especially the communication
aspect. For the purpose of processing this type of huge amount of data, often in real time
and with a need for great speed and accuracy, implementing artificial intelligence (AI)
and machine learning (ML) emerges as an advantage. This type and amount of
important parameters are defined as big data, and this solution analysis and research
are under significant expansion. Precise planning of sophisticated communication
systems using adequate digital devices, while respecting the principles of cybersecurity
and applying existing standards, makes the described process extremely dynamic and
demanding
ISO 22300 SERIES STANDARDS AND BUSINESS CONTINUITY ASSURANCE IN ELECTRIC POWER UTILITIES
Authors:   ENERGOPROJEKT ENTEL A.D., Serbia, Raković Radoslav
Published: December 2024

Electric Power Utility systems represent infrastructure systems that are of
great importance for the quality of life of the population. Accordingly, any form of
disruption, especially catastrophic events such as earthquakes, fires, floods, war
conflicts, terrorist attacks, cyber-attacks, etc. can cause unfathomable consequences for
the safety of equipment and systems, as well as for the safety of people. In order to
ensure the continuity of the business of electric power utility organizations even after
such events, it is necessary to apply a whole series of actions of an organizational and
technical nature. In this sense, the ISO 22300 series standards for business continuity
management represent a valuable framework. The paper gives a brief overview of the
mentioned family of standards and then discusses the aspects of their application in
electrical power utility organizations.
The Attributes of Managing Digital and Conventional Marketing by Local Coffee Brand as Antecedent to Consumer Satisfaction
Authors: Alverisa Katarina , Aras Muhammad , Suparman Suparman , Qanitah Tiara
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the strategies for overseeing the marketing communication of a Local Coffee Brand, utilizing both digital and conventional methods. In conventional marketing, Local Coffee Brand use media promotion tools such as banners and word of mouth in their stores. However, there is a limited number of target markets in stores, and Local Coffee Brand uses other digital tools in the promotion. As such, this article aims to shed light on the challenges concerning the use of digital marketing and traditional methods in the Local Coffee Brand industry. To achieve this, content analysis and semi-structured interviews have been utilized to glean comprehensive insights from both the owner and the brand marketing team, all of whom possess significant experience in steering the digital marketing communication strategy. In digital marketing, Local Coffee Brand leverages its application, social media platforms, and website to gain significant advantages. These channels serve as swift and cost-effective tools for marketing communication, particularly in product promotion, advertisement dissemination, and brand awareness. It’s emphasized that managing marketing communication through digital platforms is a strategic approach to inform, persuade, and remind consumers about the offerings of Local Coffee Brand. The study's findings indicate that digital marketing, along with conventional methods, has emerged as an effective communication tool for swiftly and cost-efficiently disseminating promotional messages to consumers compared to traditional media.
PERSPECTIVES OF EFL TEACHERS ON CONTENT KNOWLEDGE, TECHNOLOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE, AND PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Tho Luu Huu
Published: December 2024

A qualitative study was conducted in a Vietnamese city to investigate the EFL teachers’ perspectives on CK, TCK, and PCK. Qualitative data revealed that integrating Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) into English teaching practices is considered time-consuming, impeded by factors such as time constraints and students' cognitive abilities. This study also investigated the level of content integration among educators, specifically those using traditional teaching methods emphasising textbook information. The investigation revealed a deficiency in the effective integration of technological tools during teaching practicum despite using various technologies. This is due to the lengthy duration of the process and the difficulties faced by individuals with limited proficiency in keeping pace with technological advancements. Most teachers exhibited confidence in utilizing pedagogical skills to deliver content in English classrooms, employing various effective approaches, techniques, and methods. Recommendations for future research are put forward.
 

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SYSTEM OF EVALUATION IN TEACHING OF COMMUNICATIVE ARABIC LANGUAGE AT SULTAN SHARIF ALI ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY (UNISSA) BRUNEI DARUSSALAM: FACULTY OF SHARIAH AS A CASE STUDY
Authors: Subari Achmad Yani Bin Imam , Ahmad Siti Sara Binti Haji , Abdullah Rafidah Binti , Jaili Hambali Bin Haji , Abdullah Rafizah Binti , Rosmin Nur Basirah Binti Haji
Published: December 2024

The goal of this study is to examine the efficacy of the system of evaluation in teaching the communicative Arabic language at the Faculty of Shari'ah of the Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University (UNISSA) in Brunei Darussalam. Researchers distributed the identification to the 22 first-year students of the Faculty of Shariah at the Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University (UNISSA), who studied the Arabic subject of communication in 2024 (all students of the first year of the Faculty of Shariah at the Islamic University, who studied the Arabic subject of communication in 2024 were 35 students, a sample of 63% of all students). Having obtained the data needed for this research, they have analysed them evaluatively and quantitatively to obtain the required results. This study found that the positive aspects of the evaluation of the tests for the teaching of the Arabic language at Sultan Sharif Islamic University are reflected in their proportion to the objectives of the curriculum (80 percent). They measure the competence of students in oral communication by 80 percent; they measure the proficiency of students in editorial communication by 78.2 percent; the distribution of grades for both oral and written communication skills by a balanced proportion (75.5%), and the testing system corresponds to the courses and training offered to students in the classroom by 80%, that the test results reflect the true linguistic level of students by 77.3%, that the test results are true by 93.3%, that the test results are comprehensive (75.5%), that the test system contains the theoretical aspect by 73.6%, and that the test system contains the applied aspect by 74.5%. The negative aspect is that the system of tests for the teaching of the Arabic language is not commensurate with the objectives of the curriculum by 20%; it does not measure students' competence in oral communication by 20%; it does not measure students' competence in editorial communication by 21.8%; it does not balance the distribution of grades for both oral and written communication skills by 24.5%; the attendance of students in the classroom is underrepresented by 20%; the linguistic level of students is misrepresented by 22.7%; the results are inaccurate by 19.1%; the results are incomplete by 24.5%; it lacks the theoretical aspect by 26.4%; and it lacks the practical aspect by 25.5%.
 

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INCLUSIVE EDUCATION FOR NEURODIVERSE STUDENT POLICE OFFICERS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: Mathura Michael
Published: December 2024

A modern society requires a dynamic police institution and workforce who are knowledgeable, skilled and experienced in contemporary policing principles, practice and policies. These attributes are gained through learning, and they often vary from one person to the next. Some student police officers might be neurodiverse, which refers to specific learning difficulties (SpLD) such as dyspraxia, dyslexia, hyperactive disorder, dyscalculia, autism and Tourette syndrome. Therefore, it is important to develop an understanding of the most effective learning style that is applicable to student police officers who are neurodiverse. This study used a qualitative approach consisting of 20 open-ended interviews with neurodiverse participants. The results suggested that there was a need for pedagogical change because learners have different learning styles. The results further suggested that universities that provided police education used a “one size fits all” approach, which was counterproductive for individual learning needs. It was highlighted that police educational providers needed to incorporate kinesthetic activities and social media learning activities alongside the other learning methods to accommodate the learning needs of neurodiverse student police officers.
 

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AN EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Nakano Tatiana de Cassia , Chnaider Janaina
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 has caused several repercussions and changes in many contexts, including the need to adapt to a new reality, confront the crisis, and search for solutions. Considering this perception, the article presents a systematic review of the role of creativity in this period. An in-depth search was performed in Google Scholar, EBISCO, MEDLINE, and APA PsycArticles following the PRISMA guidelines. Upon applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 143 articles were selected and analyzed by two experts. There was a substantial predominance of empirical studies (47.1%), and studies conducted in educational settings (42.1%). Additionally, more than 11 research contexts were identified, with researchers from 28 areas of knowledge. This plurality reinforces the notion that creativity is a construct of multidisciplinary interest that can act as a protective factor during adverse situations such as those experienced during the pandemic, allowing for adaptation and flexibility in different circumstances.
 

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CURRENT STATUS OF MASS BEACH SPORTS MOVEMENT IN KIEN GIANG PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Vinh Nguyen Quang , Tuyen Tran Thanh , Cuong Nguyen Chi
Published: December 2024

The public sports movement has been implemented to enhance individual, community, and societal health. This study aims to examine the current status of the public beach sports movement in Kien Giang province. The research employed methods of literature synthesis, surveys, and statistical calculations. The findings indicate that Ha Tien town of Kien Giang province has 7.01% of residents participating in beach sports, 14.10% of households engaged in beach sports, the trainer availability at 0.08%, and 11 annual sports events.
 

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UNLOCKING POTENTIAL: MULTIPLE CASE STUDIES OF COLLEGE STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Rabaya Rachel Rose , Ponce Nicole , Suguis Jeric Escosio
Published: December 2024

This multiple case study examined the experiences of students with special needs while they took Physical Education courses at the tertiary level, exploring their challenges, coping mechanisms, and insights. The findings revealed several challenges faced by these students: limitations in participating in classroom activities, difficulties with classroom management, fear of judgment and discrimination from peers and instructors, and communication barriers. Despite these difficulties, the students managed to address them through open communication with their peers and instructors, maintaining a positive mindset and optimism, and fully accepting and adapting to their situation. This demonstrated their resilience in striving to achieve their goals. In their eagerness to reach these goals, the students also offered recommendations for institutions and educators. They suggested that institutions should provide additional facilities and equipment for students with special needs and develop programs and activities to highlight their talents and potential. They also emphasized that educators should incorporate differentiated instruction in Physical Education to offer more opportunities for students with special needs to showcase their abilities in various activities.
 

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STEP-BY-STEP SYSTEM OF SPEED DEVELOPMENT IN ATHLETES FROM HOCKEY
Authors: Akulinichev Artur
Published: December 2024

This article presents a systematic approach to developing speed in hockey athletes. Speed is a critical factor influencing performance in hockey, impacting both offensive and defensive actions. The proposed step-by-step system includes a baseline assessment, strength training, speed technique development, plyometric training, and sport-specific speed drills. Each phase is designed to enhance various components of speed, ultimately improving on-ice performance. The implementation of this training system was evaluated through a series of performance tests, demonstrating significant improvements in sprint times and agility among participating athletes. This article aims to provide coaches and trainers with a comprehensive framework for speed development in hockey.
 

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PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION ASSESSMENT TESTS FOR FEMALE TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS AGED EIGHT TO NINE YEARS OLD IN LONG AN PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: An Long , Vinh Nguyen Quang , Tuyen Tran Thanh , Phuong Duong Van
Published: December 2024

Table tennis is a sport with complex and fast-paced situations, requiring athletes to maintain strong mental focus to perform well during matches. This study aims to identify psychological function tests for assessing female table tennis athletes aged eight to nine in Long An Province. The study employed document review, interviews, neuropsychological testing, and statistical analysis. The subjects included 32 young female table tennis athletes of this age group in Long An Province, along with 16 table tennis experts. The results identified four psychological function tests suitable for these young athletes, including Simple reaction time (ms), Choice reaction time (ms), Comprehensive attention (points), and Information processing capacity (bits/second).
 

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INTERACTION BETWEEN TEACHERS AND DEAF STUDENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Machado Maíra Souza , Cruz-Santos Anabela , Duarte Ana Cristina Santos
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on the interaction between teachers and deaf students in Brazil and Portugal. The search was limited to research carried out in the last decade (2013-2023) in the following databases: Annual Reviews, DOAJ, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science and Willey Interscience. The following search terms were used: teacher, student, deaf and interaction. 15 studies were selected that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Among the studies selected, the first author to be associated with Brazilian institutions (n=14) was in a higher number, with only one study published in Portugal (n=01). Twelve studies (n=12) used qualitative research, and the majority of studies (n=06) were based on the legal, ontological, epistemological and pedagogical principles advocating inclusive education. Although few studies (n=05) point to the positive potential of interaction between the teacher and the deaf student, this is an aspect that needs more attention as we still need to provide quality education to these students who are already enrolled in classes and thus guarantee them the realization of their rights as learners. Overall, we conclude that the majority of the studies (n=10) indicate limitations, barriers and obstacles that hinder the interaction between the teacher and the deaf student and consequently affect their learning.
 

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Choice Overload als Gegengift zur Algorithmusaversion: Wirkungslos bei Männern und problemverschärfend bei Frauen
Authors: Filiz Ibrahim , Kirchhoff Florian , Nahmer Thomas , Spiwoks Markus
Published: December 2024

Welchen Einfluss hat die Anzahl der Handlungsalternativen auf das Ausmaß der Algorithmusaversion? Das ist die Forschungsfrage der vorliegenden Studie. Forschungsergebnisse im Bereich Choice Overload zeigen, dass eine Vielzahl von Alternativen häufig dazu führt, dass Wirtschaftssubjekte sich für eine leicht begründbare, zweckdienliche Alternative entscheiden. Choice Overload könnte somit die Neigung zur Algorithmusaversion dämpfen. Die Ergebnisse des vor-liegenden Laborexperiments bestätigen diese Vermutung jedoch nicht. Wäh-rend die Anzahl der Alternativen bei den männlichen Probanden keine Wir-kung entfaltet, zeigt sich bei den weiblichen Probanden sogar der entgegenge-setzte Effekt. Eine größere Zahl von Alternativen steigert bei Frauen die Nei-gung zur Algorithmusaversion signifikant.
Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Darkfin hind (Cephalopholis urodeta) in the Spratly Islands, Vietnam
Authors: Vo Van-Thanh , Thai Quan Ke , Le Nguyen-Thanh-Thao , Doan Thi-To-Nhien , Tran Thi-Hieu , Do Thanh Tri
Published: December 2024

The darkfin hind, Cephalopholis urodeta, is a commercially valuable reef fish species inhabiting the ecologically important Spratly Islands. Understanding this species’ genetic diversity and population structure is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies, particularly given the increasing pressures on coral reef ecosystems. This study investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of C. urodeta within the Spratly archipelago using mitochondrial COI and Cyt b gene markers. We analyzed 30 individuals for COI and Cyt b, revealing high levels of haplotype diversity (Hd=0.9563±0.0226 for COI; Hd=0.9402±0.0229 for Cyt b). However, despite this high overall diversity, our analyses also revealed significant genetic structuring within the archipelago, suggesting restricted gene flow among some populations. This structuring is likely influenced by the complex oceanographic currents in the region and the spatial distance between reefs, which can limit larval dispersal. These findings highlight the need for spatially explicit conservation and management strategies for C. urodeta in the Spratly Islands. Recognizing the genetic differentiation within the archipelago and implementing management measures tailored to specific zones will be crucial for preserving genetic diversity, maintaining connectivity, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of this important resource.
Measures: The New Face of Criminal Punishment in the New Indonesian Criminal Code
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. dr. Antonius Suroyo, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia, Wicaksana Effendy Feri Satria , Anggayasti Umaira Hayuning ,   Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. dr. Antonius Suroyo, Tembalang, Semarang, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

The criminal punishment system in the WvS Criminal Code has shifted from only imposing punishments (single track system) to punishment and/or measures (double track system) in the National Criminal Code. This study aims to determine the conditions under which measures can be imposed and the form and application of measures in the new Criminal Code. The method used in this study is the doctrinal research method. The conditions for criminal law subjects to be subject to measures are as follows: if the criminal law subject is an individual, including people with mental and intellectual disabilities, children under 14 (fourteen) years of age, and corporations. The imposition of Measures must be based on the objectives and guidelines for punishment as in Articles 51 to 54 of the New Criminal Code.
An Overview of Accounting Reforms in Indian Urban Local Bodies
Authors:   Assistant Professor of Commerce, Girraj Govt College, Nizamabad and Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Telangana University, Yadagiri Prof. M. , Ranjitha K. ,   Assistant Professor of Commerce, Girraj Govt College, Nizamabad and Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Telangana University
Published: December 2024

The Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) are considered as ‘Growth Engines’ for the development of the Nation. Different models have been adopted by ULBs in the rollout of accounting reforms, including centralized, decentralized, and independent approaches. In the case of ULBs that are independently managing their own accounts without any centralized supervision or monitoring by the department of urban affairs, there can be a risk of losing continuity with the transfer of staff, change in supervisor, etc. As ULBs are independent in their mode of self-governance, the methods adopted by the ULBs are bound to vary. Further, in the absence of a central monitoring body to supervise the accounting reform activities of the ULBs, there is lack of uniformity in the accounting modules being used and also in the reports created. The ultimate result is the absence of an efficient and sustainable effort to improve the financial performance of the ULBs. This leads to the conclusion that there is an urgent need to bring about greater uniformity and standardization in municipal accounting reforms at nationwide.