bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publishing Undergraduate Research: Linking Teaching and Research through a Dedicated Peer-Reviewed Open Access Journal
Authors: Stone Graham , Jensen Kathrine , Beech Megan
Published: January 2016

In 2015, the University of Huddersfield Press launched Fields: The Journal of Huddersfield Student Research. The journal was developed with two key purposes: ensuring that high quality student research was made available to a broader audience and inspiring students to work to the highest standards by considering the potential of their work for impact in the wider world. The existing literature is reviewed regarding the growth of student research journals as well as some of the benefits these journals can offer to students. The institutional rationale for Fields is outlined, and the process of setting up a multi-disciplinary open access student research journal is discussed. The outcomes of this evaluation are presented with particular focus on the lessons learned and on future developments to improve support for authors. The experience of the project team will be useful to universities and university presses considering strategies for supporting students in the development of research for publication/dissemination.
Diuretic activity of the bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya
Authors: Pablo-Pérez Saudy Saret , Estévez-Carmona María Mirian , Meléndez-Camargo María Estela
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diuretic activity of Eysenhardtia polystachya bark aqueous extract at different doses in a rat model. Different doses of E. polystachya (125, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight), furosemide (4 mg/kg) and vehicle were administered per os to female rats (n=6 animals per group). After 6 hours in metabolic cages, the effect on urinary flow, glomerular ﬁltration rate and electrolyte balance of sodium and potassium were assessed in all animals. E. polystachya at the doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg induced diuretic activity, since markedly increased (p<0.05) the urinary flow rate, similar to that of furosemide treated group. Only the dose of 750 mg/kg produced an increment in urinary excretion of sodium but not of potassium compared with control group. These findings indicate that E. polystachya bark-induced diuretic activity, providing evidence for its folkloric use.

 
The Application of Cryogenic Laser Physics to the Development of High Average Power Ultra-Short Pulse Lasers
Authors: Brown David , Tornegård Sten , Kolis Joseph , McMillen Colin , Moore Cheryl , Sanjeewa Liurukara , Hancock Christopher
Published: January 2016

Ultrafast laser physics continues to advance at a rapid pace, driven primarily by the development of more powerful and sophisticated diode-pumping sources, the development of new laser materials, and new laser and amplification approaches such as optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification. The rapid development of high average power cryogenic laser sources seems likely to play a crucial role in realizing the long-sought goal of powerful ultrafast sources that offer concomitant high peak and average powers. In this paper, we review the optical, thermal, thermo-optic and laser parameters important to cryogenic laser technology, recently achieved laser and laser materials progress, the progression of cryogenic laser technology, discuss the importance of cryogenic laser technology in ultrafast laser science, and what advances are likely to be achieved in the near-future.
A Liquid-Solid Coupling Hemodynamic Model with Microcirculation Load
Authors: Li Bai , Li Xiaoyang
Published: January 2016

From the aspect of human circulation system structure, a complete hemodynamic model requires consideration of the influence of microcirculation load effect. This paper selected the seepage in porous media as the simulant of microcirculation load. On the basis of a bi-directional liquid-solid coupling tube model, we built a liquid-solid-porous media seepage coupling model. The simulation parameters accorded with the physiological reality. Inlet condition was set as transient single-pulse velocity, and outlet as free outlet. The pressure in the tube was kept at the state of dynamic stability in the range of 80–120 mmHg. The model was able to simulate the entire propagating process of pulse wave. The pulse wave velocity simulated was 6.25 m/s, which accorded with the physiological reality. The complex pressure wave shape produced by reflections of pressure wave was also observed. After the model changed the cardiac cycle length, the pressure change according with actual human physiology was simulated successfully. The model in this paper is well-developed and reliable. It demonstrates the importance of microcirculation load in hemodynamic model. Moreover the properties of the model provide a possibility for the simulation of dynamic adjustment process of human circulation system, which indicates a promising prospect in clinical application.
A Comparison of Energy Consumption Prediction Models Based on Neural Networks of a Bioclimatic Building
Authors: Khosravani Hamid , Castilla María , Berenguel Manuel , Ruano Antonio , Ferreira Pedro
Published: January 2016

Energy consumption has been increasing steadily due to globalization and industrialization. Studies have shown that buildings are responsible for the biggest proportion of energy consumption; for example in European Union countries, energy consumption in buildings represents around 40% of the total energy consumption. In order to control energy consumption in buildings, different policies have been proposed, from utilizing bioclimatic architectures to the use of predictive models within control approaches. There are mainly three groups of predictive models including engineering, statistical and artificial intelligence models. Nowadays, artificial intelligence models such as neural networks and support vector machines have also been proposed because of their high potential capabilities of performing accurate nonlinear mappings between inputs and outputs in real environments which are not free of noise. The main objective of this paper is to compare a neural network model which was designed utilizing statistical and analytical methods, with a group of neural network models designed benefiting from a multi objective genetic algorithm. Moreover, the neural network models were compared to a naïve autoregressive baseline model. The models are intended to predict electric power demand at the Solar Energy Research Center (Centro de Investigación en Energía SOLar or CIESOL in Spanish) bioclimatic building located at the University of Almeria, Spain. Experimental results show that the models obtained from the multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) perform comparably to the model obtained through a statistical and analytical approach, but they use only 0.8% of data samples and have lower model complexity.
Phytosanitary Irradiation
Authors: Hallman Guy , Blackburn Carl
Published: January 2016

Phytosanitary treatments disinfest traded commodities of potential quarantine pests. Phytosanitary irradiation (PI) treatments use ionizing radiation to accomplish this, and, since their international commercial debut in 2004, the use of this technology has increased by ~10% annually. Generic PI treatments (one dose is used for a group of pests and/or commodities, although not all have been tested for efficacy) are used in virtually all commercial PI treatments, and new generic PI doses are proposed, such as 300 Gy, for all insects except pupae and adult Lepidoptera (moths). Fresh fruits and vegetables tolerate PI better than any other broadly used treatment. Advances that would help facilitate the use of PI include streamlining the approval process, making the technology more accessible to potential users, lowering doses and broadening their coverage, and solving potential issues related to factors that might affect efficacy.
An eMERGE Clinical Center at Partners Personalized Medicine
Authors: Smoller Jordan , Karlson Elizabeth , Green Robert , Kathiresan Sekar , MacArthur Daniel , Talkowski Michael , Murphy Shawn , Weiss Scott
Published: January 2016

The integration of electronic medical records (EMRs) and genomic research has become a major component of efforts to advance personalized and precision medicine. The Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) network, initiated in 2007, is an NIH-funded consortium devoted to genomic discovery and implementation research by leveraging biorepositories linked to EMRs. In its most recent phase, eMERGE III, the network is focused on facilitating implementation of genomic medicine by detecting and disclosing rare pathogenic variants in clinically relevant genes. Partners Personalized Medicine (PPM) is a center dedicated to translating personalized medicine into clinical practice within Partners HealthCare. One component of the PPM is the Partners Healthcare Biobank, a biorepository comprising broadly consented DNA samples linked to the Partners longitudinal EMR. In 2015, PPM joined the eMERGE Phase III network. Here we describe the elements of the eMERGE clinical center at PPM, including plans for genomic discovery using EMR phenotypes, evaluation of rare variant penetrance and pleiotropy, and a novel randomized trial of the impact of returning genetic results to patients and clinicians.
Biologically Active Oxylipins from Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Routes in Macroalgae
Authors: Barbosa Mariana , Valentão Patrícia , Andrade Paula
Published: January 2016

Marine algae are rich and heterogeneous sources of great chemical diversity, among which oxylipins are a well-recognized class of natural products. Algal oxylipins comprise an assortment of oxygenated, halogenated, and unsaturated functional groups and also several carbocycles, varying in ring size and position in lipid chain. Besides the discovery of structurally diverse oxylipins in macroalgae, research has recently deciphered the role of some of these metabolites in the defense and innate immunity of photosynthetic marine organisms. This review is an attempt to comprehensively cover the available literature on the chemistry, biosynthesis, ecology, and potential bioactivity of oxylipins from marine macroalgae. For a better understanding, enzymatic and nonenzymatic routes were separated; however, both processes often occur concomitantly and may influence each other, even producing structurally related molecules.
Parkinson Disease-Mediated Gastrointestinal Disorders and Rational for Combinatorial Therapies
Authors: Ali Syed , Yin Ning , Rehman Arkam , Justilien Verline
Published: January 2016

A gradual loss of dopamine-producing nerve cells gives rise to a common neurodegenerative Parkinson’s disease (PD). This disease causes a neurotransmitter imbalance in the brain and initiates a cascade of complications in the rest of the body that appears as distressing symptoms which include gait problems, tremor, gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and cognitive decline. To aid dopamine deficiency, treatment in PD patients includes oral medications, in addition to other methods such as deep brain stimulation and surgical lesioning. Scientists are extensively studying molecular and signaling mechanisms, particularly those involving phenotypic transcription factors and their co-regulatory proteins that are associated with neuronal stem cell (SC) fate determination, maintenance and disease state, and their role in the pathogenesis of PD. Advancement in scientific research and “personalized medicine” to augment current therapeutic intervention and minimize the side effects of chemotherapy may lead to the development of more effective therapeutic strategies in the near future. This review focuses on PD and associated GI complications and summarizes the current therapeutic modalities that include stem cell studies and combinatorial drug treatment.
Skin Delivery and in Vitro Biological Evaluation of Trans-Resveratrol-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Skin Disorder Therapies
Authors: Rigon Roberta , Fachinetti Naiara , Severino Patrícia , Santana Maria , Chorilli Marlus
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the skin delivery and in vitro biological activity of trans-resveratrol (RES)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The SLNs were composed of stearic acid, poloxamer 407, soy phosphatidylcholine (SPC), an aqueous phase and 0.1% RES. The particle size, polydispersity index (PdI) and zeta potential were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The SLNs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-FEG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In vitro RES-SLN skin permeation/retention assays were conducted, and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity was evaluated. An MTT reduction assay was performed on HaCat keratinocytes to determine in vitro cytotoxicity. The formulations had average diameter lower than 200 nm, the addition of SPC promoted increases in PdI in the RES-SLNs, but decreases PdI in the RES-free SLNs and the formulations exhibited zeta potentials smaller than −3 mV. The DSC analysis of the SLNs showed no endothermic peak attributable to RES. Microscopic analysis suggests that the materials formed had nanometric size distribution. Up to 45% of the RES permeated through the skin after 24 h. The RES-loaded SLNs were more effective than kojic acid at inhibiting tyrosinase and proved to be non-toxic in HaCat keratinocytes. The results suggest that the investigated RES-loaded SLNs have potential use in skin disorder therapies.
Docosahexaenoic Acid Ameliorates Fructose-Induced Hepatic Steatosis Involving ER Stress Response in Primary Mouse Hepatocytes
Authors: Zheng Jinying , Peng Chuan , Ai Yanbiao , Wang Heng , Xiao Xiaoqiu , Li Jibin
Published: January 2016

The increase in fructose consumption is considered to be a risk factor for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on hepatic lipid metabolism in fructose-treated primary mouse hepatocytes, and the changes of Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in response to DHA treatment. The hepatocytes were treated with fructose, DHA, fructose plus DHA, tunicamycin (TM) or fructose plus 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) for 24 h. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation was assessed by Oil Red O staining. The mRNA expression levels and protein levels related to lipid metabolism and ER stress response were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Fructose treatment led to obvious TG accumulation in primary hepatocytes through increasing expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), two key enzymes in hepatic de novo lipogenesis. DHA ameliorates fructose-induced TG accumulation by upregulating the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT-1α) and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1). DHA treatment or pretreatment with the ER stress inhibitor PBA significantly decreased TG accumulation and reduced the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), total inositol-requiring kinase 1 (IRE1α) and p-IRE1α. The present results suggest that DHA protects against high fructose-induced hepatocellular lipid accumulation. The current findings also suggest that alleviating the ER stress response seems to play a role in the prevention of fructose-induced hepatic steatosis by DHA.
Influence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain Axis
Authors: Jenkins Trisha , Nguyen Jason , Polglaze Kate , Bertrand Paul
Published: January 2016

The serotonergic system forms a diffuse network within the central nervous system and plays a significant role in the regulation of mood and cognition. Manipulation of tryptophan levels, acutely or chronically, by depletion or supplementation, is an experimental procedure for modifying peripheral and central serotonin levels. These studies have allowed us to establish the role of serotonin in higher order brain function in both preclinical and clinical situations and have precipitated the finding that low brain serotonin levels are associated with poor memory and depressed mood. The gut-brain axis is a bi-directional system between the brain and gastrointestinal tract, linking emotional and cognitive centres of the brain with peripheral functioning of the digestive tract. An influence of gut microbiota on behaviour is becoming increasingly evident, as is the extension to tryptophan and serotonin, producing a possibility that alterations in the gut may be important in the pathophysiology of human central nervous system disorders. In this review we will discuss the effect of manipulating tryptophan on mood and cognition, and discuss a possible influence of the gut-brain axis.
Linking Material Flow Analysis with Resilience Using Rice: A Case Study in Global, Visual MFA of a Key Food Product
Authors: Monit Michal , Pina André , Ferrão Paulo
Published: January 2016

This article uses the rice price crisis of 2007–2008 to show how material flow analysis (MFA) can be combined with resilience research. After presentation of fundamental information and methods, resilience-related concepts are illustrated using graphical methods and MFA data. Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) and node-link diagrams are used to highlight potential vulnerability hotspots and show response to, recovery from disturbance and adaptation following a disruption of the global rice market. The methods presented are especially useful in rapid screening for potential impact of supply-side disruptions, such as export restrictions or poor harvests. The article concludes by discussing other potential applications of the chosen approach and stressing the importance of visual communication in dissemination of results and cross-pollination between disciplines. All the data used in this study is available online, as interactive visualizations, at: http://ricestudyvis.weebly.com.
On the Use of Cross-Correlation between Volume Scattering and Helix Scattering from Polarimetric SAR Data for the Improvement of Ship Detection
Authors: Wei Jujie , Zhang Jixian , Huang Guoman , Zhao Zheng
Published: January 2016

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ship detection is an important maritime application. However, azimuth ambiguities caused by the finite sampling of the Doppler spectrum are often visible in SAR images and are always mistaken as ships by classic detection techniques, like the Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR). It is known that radar targets and azimuth ambiguities have different characteristics in polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data, i.e., first ambiguities usually have strong odd- or double-bounce scattering and the maximum amplitude of the first ambiguity in SHV is always considerably smaller than that of the corresponding target for zero or high velocity. On the basis of this characteristics, this paper finds that first ambiguities usually have low volume scattering power relative to ships and almost have no helix scattering by Yamaguchi decomposition. But some residual ambiguities still exit in the volume scattering power and have similar scattering intensity to small ships, and some parts of a ship also have zero helix scattering owing to some physical factors (e.g., ship structure, radar incidence angle, etc.). Thus, for high-precision ship detection, a new ship detection method based on cross-correlation between the volume and helix scattering mechanisms derived from Yamaguchi decomposition is proposed to avoid false alarms caused by azimuth ambiguities and enhance Target-to-Clutter Ratio (TCR) for improving the miss detection rate of small ships. By experiments, it is proved that our method can work effectively and has high detection accuracy.
Construction of an Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Nanotubes/Gold Nanoparticles for Trace Determination of Amoxicillin in Bovine Milk
Authors: Muhammad Aliyu , Yusof Nor , Hajian Reza , Abdullah Jaafar
Published: January 2016

In this work, a novel electrochemical sensor was fabricated for determination of amoxicillin in bovine milk samples by decoration of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using ethylenediamine (en) as a cross linker (AuNPs/en-MWCNTs). The constructed nanocomposite was homogenized in dimethylformamide and drop casted on screen printed electrode. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the synthesized nanocomposites. The results show that the synthesized nanocomposites induced a remarkable synergetic effect for the oxidation of amoxicillin. Effect of some parameters, including pH, buffer, scan rate, accumulation potential, accumulation time and amount of casted nanocomposites, on the sensitivity of fabricated sensor were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, there was two linear calibration ranges from 0.2–10 µM and 10–30 µM with equations of Ipa (µA) = 2.88C (µM) + 1.2017; r = 0.9939 and Ipa (µA) = 0.88C (µM) + 22.97; r = 0.9973, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were calculated as 0.015 µM and 0.149 µM, respectively. The fabricated electrochemical sensor was successfully applied for determination of Amoxicillin in bovine milk samples and all results compared with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) standard method.
Analysis of BeiDou Satellite Measurements with Code Multipath and Geometry-Free Ionosphere-Free Combinations
Authors: Zhao Qile , Wang Guangxing , Liu Zhizhao , Hu Zhigang , Dai Zhiqiang , Liu Jingnan
Published: January 2016

Using GNSS observable from some stations in the Asia-Pacific area, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) and multipath combinations of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), as well as their variations with time and/or elevation were investigated and compared with those of GPS and Galileo. Provided the same elevation, the CNR of B1 observables is the lowest among the three BDS frequencies, while B3 is the highest. The code multipath combinations of BDS inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites are remarkably correlated with elevation, and the systematic “V” shape trends could be eliminated through between-station-differencing or modeling correction. Daily periodicity was found in the geometry-free ionosphere-free (GFIF) combinations of both BDS geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) and IGSO satellites. The variation range of carrier phase GFIF combinations of GEO satellites is −2.0 to 2.0 cm. The periodicity of carrier phase GFIF combination could be significantly mitigated through between-station differencing. Carrier phase GFIF combinations of BDS GEO and IGSO satellites might also contain delays related to satellites. Cross-correlation suggests that the GFIF combinations’ time series of some GEO satellites might vary according to their relative geometries with the sun.
Therapeutic Innovations: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Cancer
Authors: Dervisis Nikolaos , Klahn Shawna
Published: January 2016

Conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy involving DNA-interacting agents and indiscriminate cell death is no longer the future of cancer management. While chemotherapy is not likely to completely disappear from the armamentarium; the use of targeted therapies in combination with conventional treatment is becoming the standard of care in human medicine. Tyrosine kinases are pivotal points of functional cellular pathways and have been implicated in malignancy, inflammatory, and immune-mediated diseases. Pharmaceutical interventions targeting aberrant tyrosine kinase signaling has exploded and is the second most important area of drug development. The “Valley of Death” between drug discovery and approval threatens to blunt the enormous strides in cancer management seen thus far. Kinase inhibitors, as targeted small molecules, hold promise in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer. However, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the use of kinase inhibitors in the interpretation and management of cancer. Comparative oncology has the potential to address restrictions and limitations in the advancement in kinase inhibitor therapy.
Expressions of Diasporic Identity: Travel and Food as Signifiers of Polish Identity
Authors: Alder Joanna (Asia)
Published: January 2016

This article investigates the role of travel and food as signifiers of a diasporic identity among three post-World War II generations of Polish diaspora in Derby, UK. Food is an important feature of Polish culture. Together with religion and language, Polish food takes a central role
in the first generations' lives. However, involvement with aspects of Polish culture diminishes significantly with every generation. Food is the strongest and often only surviving expression of Polish identity in the second and third generations. As such, for some people food is not only a
way to practice and feel their Polish heritage, but also a source of ethnic belonging, identity, and pride. In addition, the knowledge of Polish language is often limited to food-associated names. Cooking and buying Polish food holds meanings and brings memories of earlier family times. Diaspora
travel or return to homeland is often used as an opportunity to engage with food, source food, and build and reaffirm Polish identity. Based on in-depth interviews with three generations of Polish people, this article considers the meaning of food in identity creation and retention. It takes
into account the fluid and changing nature of identity. It considers food as an element and a building block in the creation of personal, social, and national identity of three generations of Poles.
Current-induced runaway vibrations in dehydrogenated graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Christensen Rasmus Bjerregaard , Lü Jing-Tao , Hedegård Per , Brandbyge Mads
Published: January 2016

We employ a semi-classical Langevin approach to study current-induced atomic dynamics in a partially dehydrogenated armchair graphene nanoribbon. All parameters are obtained from density functional theory. The dehydrogenated carbon dimers behave as effective impurities, whose motion decouples from the rest of carbon atoms. The electrical current can couple the dimer motion in a coherent fashion. The coupling, which is mediated by nonconservative and pseudo-magnetic current-induced forces, change the atomic dynamics, and thereby show their signature in this simple system. We study the atomic dynamics and current-induced vibrational instabilities using a simplified eigen-mode analysis. Our study illustrates how armchair nanoribbons can serve as a possible testbed for probing the current-induced forces.
Synthesis and reactivity of aliphatic sulfur pentafluorides from substituted (pentafluorosulfanyl)benzenes
Authors: Vida Norbert , Václavík Jiří , Beier Petr
Published: January 2016

Oxidation of 3- and 4-pentafluorosulfanyl-substituted anisoles and phenols with hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid provided a mixture of SF5-substituted muconolactone, maleic, and succinic acids. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the aliphatic SF5 compounds was presented and their chemical reactivity was investigated. SF5-substituted para-benzoquinone was synthesized; its oxidation led to an improved yield of 2-(pentafluorosulfanyl)maleic acid. The reaction of SF5-substituted maleic anhydride and para-benzoquinone with cyclopentadiene afforded the Diels–Alder adducts. Decomposition of 3-(pentafluorosulfanyl)muconolactone in acidic, neutral and basic aqueous media was investigated and the decarboxylation of 2-(pentafluorosulfanyl)maleic acid provided 3-(pentafluorosulfanyl)acrylic acid.
Fécondité et ambiguïté de la notion de séduction en psychanalyse
Authors: Périer Antoine
Published: January 2016

Cet article développe, dans une perspective historique et théorique, l’évolution de la théorie de la séduction chez Freud, de ses « neurotica » postulant l’effet traumatique de la séduction réelle précoce, à la place centrale du fantasme et de la réalité psychique. Ces deux modélisations apparaissent plus comme une évolution vers une forme d’intégration des facteurs externes et internes plutôt qu’une rupture théorique radicale. La théorie de la séduction généralisée de Jean Laplanche est également abordée, dans son lien aux modèles freudiens, comme une prise de distance vis-à-vis de la question de l’étiologie des névroses, et une inscription de la séduction précoce mère-bébé comme moteur général du développement de la vie psychique et de la sexualité infantile.
Les balbutiements de la séduction
Authors: Durieux Marie-José
Published: January 2016

L’ infans , l’enfant qui ne parle pas encore, ne pourra accéder à une pensée complexe et symbolisée qu’en faisant un long détour par l’appareil psychique de sa mère, si elle veut bien toutefois se prêter à ce jeu. Car l’enjeu est d’importance. Ce n’est pas moins que d’entrer dans le monde du langage et des échanges. Il faut d’abord réussir à séduire sa mère, ou le substitut maternel, pour avoir une chance de faire quelque chose de sa vie. Toutes les grandes théories qui tentent de modéliser l’origine de la pensée s’efforcent de décrire et de nommer cela. Et il est remarquable de noter que pour entrer dans ce langage qui le fera humain, le bébé devra prendre la voie de ce que la rhétorique la plus classique définit comme une figure de style majeure du procès linguistique : la métonymie, figure du manque et du désir.
L’adolescence et la peau
Authors: Le Breton David
Published: January 2016

Les transformations corporelles de l’adolescence s’imposent au jeune, elles soulèvent la question du regard des autres sur le jeune homme ou la jeune fille qu’il (elle) devient, l’ouverture au désir et à la génitalité. Son corps échappe à son contrôle, de même le statut qui est désormais le sien au sein du lien social. En modifiant son apparence, le jeune fait de sa peau une scène où il projette une identité provisoire ou durable en quête de son personnage. Elle est un outil d’expérimentation de soi, d’exploration des personnages. La peau est une frontière écorchée vive si les frontières symboliques entre soi et les autres, entre le monde interne et la réalité sociale peinent à s’établir car alors elle enferme dans une identité insupportable dont il voudrait se dépouiller et dont témoignent les blessures corporelles délibérées.
L’adolescent séduisant son corps : une émersion sensorielle
Authors: Andrieu Bernard
Published: January 2016

En se filmant, l’adolescent se montre séduisant dans cet usage du corps à la fois physique et narcissique : il rend son corps séduisant dans le vif de l’expérience. Ce n’est pas tant une disparition de soi qu’un désir de ressentir une sensation anesthésiée par l’habitude corporelle. Cette re-narcissisation de soi s’effectue par une prise de risque inédite et sur un sport inédit ; mais le dispositif de mise en scène de soi est ici dans un point de vue en 1 re personne afin de montrer le degré et le niveau de son engagement corporel. La motricité inédite donne le point de vue vécu par le sujet qui voudrait, par le film en 1 re personne, saisir sa propre pulsion scopique dans un espace vertigineux en 3D. Cette écologisation du corps vivant place le moi suspendu en l’air au centre de la présentation de soi. C’est moins le corps qui est mouvant que le soi qui voudrait se maintenir en l’air en voulant séduire par le spectacle de son plaisir sensoriel.
La psychomotricité au risque de la séduction
Authors: Potel Baranes Catherine
Published: January 2016

Le travail psychocorporel, et en particulier la psychomotricité, peut effrayer par sa facilité à entrer en relation « de corps et de sensorialité » avec les patients. Ceci est encore plus vrai quand on s’adresse à des adolescents, pour qui, pendant longtemps, on a pensé que les thérapies corporelles étaient à proscrire. Même si on n’en est plus là, penser à une thérapie de relaxation ou de conscience corporelle n’est pas encore rentré dans les préconisations thérapeutiques habituelles, par crainte d’un trop de séduction activant les flambées pubertaires. À partir de deux histoires cliniques, Hugues et Nina, l’auteur défend l’idée d’une séduction tempérée, qui retravaille la matière même du processus de subjectivation primaire, au cœur de la construction identitaire.
Relation parents-consultant : pour une éthique de la séduction
Authors: Lacour Gonay Catherine
Published: January 2016

Les pathologies limites à l’adolescence avec les pathologies du lien fleurissent au xxi e siècle. Face à l’absence de demande de soin formulée par l’adolescent, les thérapeutes doivent chercher l’alliance thérapeutique du côté des parents, quitte à sortir d’une neutralité bienveillante au risque d’une séduction bien tempérée à des fins thérapeutiques.
L’expérience de la précarité vécue par des jeunes homosexuel(le)s en rupture familiale
Authors: Louisin Audrey
Published: January 2016

Chaque année en France, de nombreux jeunes gays, lesbiennes et transgenres sont rejetés par leur famille et se retrouvent brutalement sans domicile et livrés à eux-mêmes. Une association nationale, reconnue d’utilité publique, le Refuge, propose un hébergement temporaire et un accompagnement pluridisciplinaire à ces adolescents en souffrance, victimes d’homophobie et/ou de transphobie. À travers l’expérience de cette structure, nous verrons quelles sont les conséquences physiques et psychologiques engendrées par la précarité et de quelle manière les professionnels peuvent agir contre l’isolement de ces jeunes.
L’accueil sans rendez-vous : une modalité d’accès aux soins psychiques pour adolescents
Authors: Boë Emmanuelle
Published: January 2016

Les modèles de consultation pour adolescents évoluent et se précisent nécessairement, avec les connaissances des spécificités de cette tranche d’âge, les prises de consciences successives des pouvoirs publics et les pratiques thérapeutiques expérimentées ici ou là. Nous abordons dans cet article la méthode avec laquelle un Centre médico-psychologique parisien pour adolescents a envisagé un dispositif d’accès aux soins permettant d’en favoriser la fréquentation par les patients les moins enclins à consulter. Une pratique d’accueil sans rendez-vous s’est ainsi bâtie pas à pas. L’élaboration d’un cadre rigoureux à cette modalité de rencontre réputée floue et informe nous a semblé être une condition nécessaire pour poser les jalons d’un éventuel processus thérapeutique à venir. Ce cadre s’articule autour de trois axes principaux : l’accueil en binôme, la continuité soignante avec le rendez-vous proposé et l’investissement de la tiercéité institutionnelle par le binôme de consultants qui s’alimente de la systématisation d’un temps d’échange en équipe pour définir les contours de la suite à donner à l’accueil.
Adrien dans l’ascenseur. L’ouverture relationnelle
Authors: Seelow Aurélia
Published: January 2016

Dans cet article, l’auteur expose comment l’enfermement accidentel d’un enfant autiste avec sa thérapeute a pu se transformer en expérience thérapeutique provoquant des effets favorables inattendus sur le plan relationnel. En outre, l’observation d’une telle expérience a permis de mettre en évidence le lien particulier de cet enfant à sa mère et l’impact sur son développement psychoaffectif.
Perspective britannique sur les services de pédopsychiatrie
Authors: Vergnaud Stéphanie
Published: January 2016

Cet article offre un certain regard sur les services de santé mentale pour enfants en Grande-Bretagne.
Origen del Palacio de Pedro I en el Alcázar de Sevilla: el mirador hoy llamado de los Reyes Católicos
Authors: Fernández Aguilera Sebastián
Published: January 2016

El presente trabajo, se inicia con la búsqueda del emplazamiento que pudo tener la gran puerta de la Antigua Capilla, de la que, tras su restauración y estudio, sabemos que existía con anterioridad a la obra mudéjar del palacio de Pedro I en Sevilla en 1365.
En esa búsqueda, y apoyándonos en los distintos estudios que se vienen realizando con motivo de restauraciones recientes, hemos llegado a la conclusión de que no se trata de carpintería reutilizada, sino que es toda la construcción de esa parte del palacio, adosada al anterior palacio gótico, y con distintas estancias desde el sótano hasta el Mirador, la que ya existía con anterioridad al rey Don Pedro, y con toda probabilidad obra de su padre el rey Alfonso XI, como se concluye en este artículo.
Hércules y las yeguas de Diomedes, un tapiz bruselés del siglo XVI en la Colección Casa de Alba
Authors: Redín Michaus Gonzalo
Published: January 2016

El texto presenta un tapiz de la Colección Casa de Alba (Palacio de las Dueñas, Sevilla) que figura Hércules y las yeguas de Diomedes. La pieza forma parte de una serie con ejemplares conservados en el Museo Real de Bruselas y en colección privada atribuida a un anónimo licero y cartonista bruselés de hacia 1570. Su concepción se relaciona aquí con un anónimo autor flamenco conocedor de los tapices de la Vida de San Pablo de Peter Coecke van Aelst. El texto aborda la posible participación del animalista Jan Tons en la serie y estudia la presencia en sus cenefas de motivos copiados de estampas de Peter Brueghel el Viejo y del tapiz San Martín saliendo de la ciudad según una composición de El Bosco, que permite hacer alguna precisión respecto a su datación.
Numerical Modeling of Historic Masonry Structures
Authors: Asteris Panagiotis G. , Sarhosis Vasilis , Mohebkhah Amin , Plevris Vagelis , Papaloizou L. , Komodromos Petros , Lemos José V.
Published: January 2016

The majority of historical and heritage structures around the world consist of unreinforced masonry walls. A masonry structure is composed of masonry units, such as brick or marble blocks, with or without a joint filling material, such as mortar. A masonry with a joint material is usually made of two different materials (i.e. masonry units and mortar), representing a non-homogeneous and anisotropic structural component. In other words, masonry is a discontinuous structural component whose deformations and failure mechanism are governed by its blocky behavior. Some ancient masonry structures, such as ancient columns and colonnades, are constructed without any form of joint material between the individual blocks. Therefore, the isotropic elastic continuum-based models are not suitable for the simulation of the real nonlinear behavior of masonry walls under applied load.
Mathematical Models Used for Hydrological Floodplain Modeling
Authors: Maftei Carmen , Papatheodorou Konstantinos
Published: January 2016

There are several methodological approaches to model floodplains. The selection of the appropriate methodology is a matter of the required results and is very dependent on data availability. In fact, data availability is the crucial parameter especially when working in ungauged basins or ephemeral streams. The goal of this chapter is to evaluate methodologies used to floodplain modeling in small watersheds. An overview of the principal models used in floodplain modeling is presented here in terms of their relative advantages as compared to each other. The chapter provides the results obtained with different models applied to a small watershed situated in the Romania and concludes with a discussion about the various recommendations and solutions on flood modeling methodology.
Seismic Vulnerability of Arches, Vaults and Domes in Historical Buildings
Authors: Mahdi Tariq
Published: January 2016

Arches, vaults and domes are common features in the cultures of old civilizations. They were usually made of sun-dried bricks, fired bricks or stones with different types of mortar. The majority of these components are vulnerable to seismic effects. Furthermore, the thrust actions transmitted by arches, vaults and domes to walls and piers usually cause damage to the supporting walls or piers. The present chapter discusses the structural behaviour and performance of these elements in past earthquakes and reviews the numerical models used for the seismic assessment of these elements. Furthermore, different damage assessment approaches are reviewed and suggestions are made on further research.
Simulation Based Construction Project Schedule Optimization
Authors: Bügler Maximilian , Borrmann André
Published: January 2016

Construction projects require a multitude of procedures and resources for the high diversity of building concepts. Most of such projects are unique in their design and need individual schedule planning to be realized. In order to develop the required schedules, several complex decisions need to be made and several different factors need to be taken into account, including cost, make span, safety, resource sparsity, delivery schedules and geometric constraints. The problem of scheduling the involved processes in an optimal way is called the resource constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) and several solution algorithms are available. In addition, simulation based techniques can be used to address more complex constraints and objectives. This chapter presents an overview of traditional optimization procedures for the RCPSP and bridge the gap to simulation based techniques, which are described in detail.
Structural Identification and Numerical Models for Slender Historical Structures
Authors: Foti Dora , Diaferio Mariella , Giannoccaro Nicola Ivan , Ivorra Salvador
Published: January 2016

In the present chapter the theoretical basis of different methods developed for the calibration of FEMs are discussed. In general, Model Updating techniques are based on the use of appropriate functions that iteratively update selected physical properties (characteristics of the materials, stiffness of a link, etc.). In this way the correlation between the simulated response and the target value could improve if compared to an initial value. The FE model thus obtained can be used for a detailed structural analysis with a great confidence. The technique described in the first part of the chapter is applied to the evaluation of the structural properties of the tower of the Provincial Administration Building in Bari (Italy).The final purpose is to predict the performance of the tower to different combinations of static and dynamic loads, i.e. earthquakes or other induced vibrations. Ambient vibration tests have been performed on the above mentioned tower with the aim of determining its dynamic response and developing a procedure for modeling this building (Foti et al., 2012a). The Operation Modal Analysis (OMA) has been carried out both in the frequency domain and in the time domain to extract the dominant frequencies and mode shapes of the tower.
Floods Monitoring
Authors: Adler Mary-Jeanne
Published: January 2016

Romania experiences severe flooding problems almost every year. Within the last decade, floods have resulted in more than 200 deaths and estimated economic damages of $92 million per year. Also, between 1992 and 2012, there were 700 reported accidental chemical spills in Romania, some of them resulting in trans-boundary impacts. In this chapter is described the Romanian flood early warning system concept realized by the National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management (INHGA) under the auspices of Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (in former time Ministry of Environmental and Waters – MoEW) and DESWAT project. Beginning with 2014, DESWAT (Destructive Waters Abatement and Control) flood monitoring system is functional in all Romania.
Seasonal Statistical Variability of Precipitations in Dobrogea and Danube Delta
Authors: Minea Gabriel , Bandoc Georgeta , Neculau Gianina
Published: January 2016

The objective of this chapter is to highlight the seasonal statistical variability of rainfalls in Danube Delta and Dobrogea Tableland (Romania), considering the extreme and outliers values. The geomorphological and evaporimetric features of this region are also mentioned. Area of study is a complex geographical region, with two major units: the Dobrogea Tableland and the Danube Delta spread over 14,695 sq. km in the south-eastern part of Romania. The outcomes show that the minimum and maximum values of the lower quartile median and of the upper quartile median with the highest values occur in summer. The lowest values occur for all the indicators during winter and there are intermediate values for all indicators during autumn and spring. Regarding the seasonal variability of rainfalls, it has a mosaic distribution of the outliers and extreme values. The extreme values record a small number of values, both in autumn and summer. The maximum number of extreme values is during spring and winter. The drought is amplified by evaporation from water surface in summer.
Identification of Dry Periods in the Dobrogea Region
Authors: Chelcea Silvia , Ionita Monica , Adler Mary-Jeanne
Published: January 2016

The main objective of this study is to identify different types of drought (moderate, severe and extreme) in the Dobrogea region based on three indicators: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Standardized Flow Index (SFI). The dry periods, from a meteorological point of view, were identified based on a drought index that takes into account only precipitation (SPI) and another one that takes into account both precipitation as well as mean air temperature (SPEI). To highlight the dry periods from a hydrological point of view we applied the procedure for calculating the SPI to monthly discharge time series, through the Standardized Flow Index (SFI).
Smart, Sustainable, and Safe Urban Transportation Systems
Authors: Chin Hoong-Chor , Wang Yueying
Published: January 2016

One of the fastest growing areas in the world is the Asia-Pacific region. With anticipated acceleration in motorization and potentially-damaging unplanned urban sprawl, the region will be threatened by problems of traffic congestion, pollution and road hazards. Several countries in the region have taken a variety of proactive measures to ensure that the urban transportation systems are designed and operated in a smart, sustainable and safe manner. This chapter identifies the policies and practices in South Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, Singapore and Australia, and seeks to draw lessons from these on how transportation schemes can be implemented elsewhere in Asia.
Current State of Highway Projects Planning and Scheduling
Authors: Sharma Sunil , Bansal V. K. , Parti Raman
Published: January 2016

Highway projects involve huge capital investments and prolonged durations. A number of researchers have developed various computer-based tools and techniques to help planners prepare plans and schedules based on their specific needs. CPM is the predominant scheduling method used in construction industry. However, its inability to efficiently plan and schedule repetitive projects such as highways has widely been recognized. Linear scheduling method on the other hand, was specifically designed and developed for repetitive projects. The aim of this paper is to study various planning and scheduling methods discussed in the literature and evaluate their suitability for highway projects. On the basis of literature study, location based planning utilizing linear scheduling method seems to be the most logical and efficient way of planning highway projects for various reasons discussed in the paper. It is however a new concept and therefore has limited use in practice.
Cyber Attacks on Critical Infrastructure
Authors: Kovacevic Ana , Nikolic Dragana
Published: January 2016

We are facing the expansion of cyber incidents, and they are becoming more severe. This results in the necessity to improve security, especially in the vulnerable field of critical infrastructure. One of the problems in the security of critical infrastructures is the level of awareness related to the effect of cyberattacks. The threat to critical infrastructure is real, so it is necessary to be aware of it and anticipate, predict, and prepare against a cyber attack. The main reason for the escalation of cyberattacks in the field of Critical Infrastructure (CI) may be that most control systems used for CI do not utilise propriety protocols and software anymore; they instead utilise standard solutions. As a result, critical infrastructure systems are more than ever before becoming vulnerable and exposed to cyber threats. It is important to get an insight into what attack types occur, as this may help direct cyber security efforts. In this chapter, the authors present vulnerabilities of SCADA systems against cyber attack, analyse and classify existing cyber attacks, and give future directions to achieve better security of SCADA systems.