bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Abdominal Dermal‐Fat Grafting to Repair Parotidectomy Defects: An 18‐Year Cohort Study
Authors: Gruszczynski Nelson R. , Anderies Barrett J. , Dey Jacob K. , Price Daniel L. , Moore Eric J. , Janus Jeffrey R.
Published: January 2020

Objectives

To assess the outcomes of abdominal dermal‐fat grafting following superficial and total parotidectomy.

Methods

A retrospective chart review of parotidectomy patients was performed. Patients were divided into four groups based on surgical extent and grafting status: superficial parotidectomy (SP), superficial parotidectomy with grafting (SPg), total parotidectomy (TP), and total parotidectomy with grafting (TPg). Complication rates and operative times were then compared between surgically matched groups (SP vs. SPg, TP vs. TPg). Complications included graft necrosis, gustatory sweating, first‐bite syndrome, infection, hematoma, sialocele, and seroma. Data was analyzed via chi‐square and two‐sample t testing, logistic regression, and one‐way analysis of variance.

Results

The cohort consisted of 330 patients: 106 SP (32.12%), 61 SPg (18.48%), 82 TP (24.85%), and 81 TPg (24.55%). No donor site complications occurred. TPg resulted in seven graft necroses (8.64%), and 22 reported gustatory sweating (27.20% vs. 10 TP patients (12.2%), P = 0.016); SPg resulted in two necroses (3.28%). There were no other statistically significant differences in complication rates. Graft recipients receiving adjuvant radiation were more likely to develop necrosis (odds ratio [OR] 4.60, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–18.27, P = .0194). Patients who developed gustatory sweating were 8.38 years younger (95% CI 2.66–14.10, P = 0.002, follow‐up time > 48 days). Grafting did not increase operative times (TP/TPg: mean = 275.91/263.65 minutes, standard error of the mean = 41.96/33.75, P = 0.822).

Conclusion

An abdominal dermal‐fat graft is an excellent reconstructive choice for a parotidectomy defect and is not associated with increased complication rates or prolonged operative time.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 130:2144–2147, 2020
Feeding behavior is the main driver for microparticle intake in mangrove crabs
Authors: Not Christelle , Lui Cheuk Yan Iris , Cannicci Stefano
Published: January 2020

As marine plastic debris is primarily sourced from terrestrial input, coastal environments are particularly affected by deposition. Because of their pneumatophores, mangroves have been recognized for their importance in confining plastic waste. Crabs are a dominant component of the mangrove ecosystem and play a critical role in maintaining healthy and resilient mangrove forests. Therefore, the presence of debris fragmented from waste, in their habitat is a potential threat. However, the potential ingestion of microplastic pieces by mangrove crabs has not yet been investigated. Here, we quantified microparticles found in the cardiac stomachs and gill chambers of four species of crabs. All specimens collected had anthropogenic microparticles present either via their digestive or respiratory systems. We observed significant variability in the abundance and types of anthropogenic microparticles across sites and species. Interspecific differences appear to be explained by their particular feeding habits, with less selective species ingesting more particles.
Scalable Prediction of Compound‐protein Interaction on Compressed Molecular Fingerprints
Authors: Tabei Yasuo
Published: January 2020

Prediction of compound‐protein interactions with fingerprints has recently become challenging in recent pharmaceutical science for an efficient drug discovery. We review two scalable methods for predicting drug‐protein interactions on fingerprints. Especially, we introduce two techniques of learning statistical models using lossless and lossy data compressions. The first one is a method using a trie representation of fingerprints which enables us to learn predictive models on the compressed format. The second one is a method using lossy data compression called feature maps (FMs). Recently, quite a few numbers of FMs for kernel approximations have been proposed and minwise hashing, one method of this kind. has been applied to predictions of compound‐protein interactions and shows an effectiveness of the method. Overall, we show learning statistical models on the compressed format is effective for predicting compound‐protein interactions on a large‐scale.
Explaining shopping behavior in a market economy country: A short‐term mathematical model applied to the case of Spain
Authors: Merello Paloma , de la Poza Elena , Jódar Lucas
Published: January 2020

In recent decades, pathological consumption has become a growing behavioral misbehavior. Impulsive consumption is governed by two internal behavioral mechanisms that respond fundamentally to the hedonism or Pascal effect and to the emulation or Veblen effect. Today's development of technology acts as a catalyst of consumption by increasing access and availability to products, as well as the advertisement impact. This paper presents a compartmental discrete matrix mathematical model that allows short‐term estimates of ordinary, impulsive, and pathological buyers in Spain in three different economic scenarios. The results show that impulsive and pathological buyers will increase in all the economic scenarios. Notable differences in the number of ordinary buyers are found for the group aged over 65 years.
Semilinear wave models with friction and viscoelastic damping
Authors: Kainane Mezadek Mourad , Kainane Mezadek Mohamed , Reissig Michael
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we study the global (in time) existence of small data solutions to the Cauchy problem for the semilinear wave equation with friction, viscoelastic damping, and a power nonlinearity. We are interested in the connection between regularity assumptions for the data and the admissible range of exponents p in the power nonlinearity.
Detection of lentiviral suicide gene therapy in C6 rat glioma using hyperpolarised [1‐13C]pyruvate
Authors: Nivajärvi Riikka , Olsson Venla , Hyppönen Viivi , Bowen Sean , Leinonen Hanna M. , Lesch Hanna P. , Ardenkjær‐Larsen Jan Henrik , Gröhn Olli H.J. , Ylä‐Herttuala Seppo , Kettunen Mikko I.
Published: January 2020

Hyperpolarised [1‐13C]pyruvate MRI has shown promise in monitoring therapeutic efficacy in a number of cancers including glioma. In this study, we assessed the pyruvate response to the lentiviral suicide gene therapy of herpes simplex virus‐1 thymidine kinase with the prodrug ganciclovir (HSV‐TK/GCV) in C6 rat glioma and compared it with traditional MR therapy markers. Female Wistar rats were inoculated with 106 C6 glioma cells. Treated animals received intratumoural lentiviral HSV‐TK gene transfers on days 7 and 8 followed by 2‐week GCV therapy starting on day 10. Animals were repeatedly imaged during therapy using volumetric MRI, diffusion and relaxation mapping, as well as metabolic [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS imaging. Survival (measured as time before animals reached a humane endpoint and were euthanised) was assessed up to day 30 posttherapy. HSV‐TK/GCV gene therapy lengthened the median survival time from 12 to 25 days. This was accompanied by an apparent tumour growth arrest, but no changes in diffusion or relaxation parameters in treated animals. The metabolic response was more evident in the case‐by‐case analysis than in the group‐level analysis. Treated animals also showed a 37 ± 15% decrease (P < 0.05, n = 5) in lactate‐to‐pyruvate ratio between therapy weeks, whereas a 44 ± 18% increase (P < 0.05, n = 6) was observed in control animals. Hyperpolarised [1‐13C]pyruvate MRI can offer complementary metabolic information to traditional MR methods to give a more comprehensive picture of the slowly developing gene therapy response. This may benefit the detection of the successful therapy response in patients.
Research on adaptive beacon message broadcasting cycle based on vehicle driving stability
Authors: Zhang Yuejin , Wang Meng , Wang Juan , Du Fei , Hu Yong , Yu Meng , Li Guanghui , Zhan Aiyun
Published: January 2020

Ensuring smooth communication by fixed‐cycle message beaconing in vehicular environments is necessary to address vehicles safety. However, fixed‐cycle beacon messages cannot accommodate the characteristics of fast vehicle speeds and variable network topologies and can cause problems such as channel congestion when traffic density is too high. Therefore, in order to realize safe and reliable information transmission between vehicles, this paper proposes a strategy for adaptive update of beacon message cycle based on vehicle driving stability. It is based on two rules: one is that the vehicle position prediction error is defined as an unstable vehicle, and the small error is defined as a stable vehicle; and the other is that the adaptive beacon message cycle is ranged, which is determined according to the channel load capacity. The experimental results show that the strategy can effectively avoid the channel congestion problem and improve the driving safety of the vehicle. Compared with the fixed‐cycle beacon message, the communication delay is reduced by about 10%, the packet loss is reduced by about 22%, and the energy consumption is reduced.
A commentary on rewilding in Europe
Authors: Jones Peter , Comfort Daphne
Published: January 2020

As relationships between people and nature are being reassessed, not least as concerns about climate change gather increasing momentum, so a range of environmental and conservation themes are moving up public and political agendas. Rewilding, simply defined as increasing the role of natural processes within landscapes, is one such theme. This commentary paper outlines the variety of definitions and origins of the concept of rewilding, illustrates some of the elements of rewilding within Europe, and offers some general reflections on the rewilding process. The paper suggests that although many benefits have been claimed for moves to increase the role of natural processes within landscapes and environments, rewilding faces several challenges, in that it means different things to different people, public perceptions of rewilding can generate unease, hostility, and concern and it has only limited scientific support. At the same time, there is no clear statutory policies to guide the rewilding process. As such, rewilding organisations may increasingly look to communication and public relations to garner public and financial support for their cause.
Mussel‐inspired method to decorate commercial nanofiltration membrane for heavy metal ions removal
Authors: Liu Xiang , Feng Pengyu , Zhang Lei , Chen Yonggang
Published: January 2020

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have been widely used for the treatment of electroplating, aerospace, textile, pharmaceutical, and other chemical industries. In this work, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were directly anchored on the surface of commercial nanofiltration (NF) membrane by dopamine modification following advantageous bio‐inspired methods. SEM and AFM images were used to characterize the HNTs decorated membrane surface in terms of surface morphology and roughness. Water contact angle (WCA) was employed in evidencing the incorporation of HNTs and dopamine in terms of hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. Augmentation of HNTs was found to obviously enhance the hydrophilicity and surface roughness resulting in improved water permeability of membrane. More importantly, the rejection ratios of membrane also increased during the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The permeability and Cu2+ rejection ratio of modified NF membrane were as high as 13.9 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 and 74.3%, respectively. Incorporation of HNTs was also found to enhance the anti‐fouling property and stability of membrane as evident from long‐term performance tests. The relative concentration of HNTs and dopamine on membrane surface was optimized by investigating the trade‐off between water permeability and rejection ratio.
Rapid discrimination of Notopterygium incisum and Notopterygium franchetii based on characteristic compound profiles detected by UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS coupled with multivariate analysis
Authors: Ma Xiaobing , Wu Youjiao , Li Ying , Huang Yanfei , Liu Yuan , Luo Pei , Zhang Zhifeng
Published: January 2020

Introduction

The herbs Notopterygium incisum (NI) and N. franchetii (NF) are referred to as “Qianghuo” in the Chinese Pharmacopeia and are popular for treatment of certain conditions, including headaches, rheumatoid arthritis and the common cold. Recently, several adulterations of NI and NF have been found in the Chinese herbal market.

Objective

The aim of this study was to rapidly identify the unique characteristic compounds of NI and NF, to discriminate Qianghuo from its adulterations.

Methodology

Twenty‐four batches of NI and NF samples with different origins were collected and extracted with methanol. The extracts were analysed using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS). Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial squared discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) were then used to distinguish between NI and NF and to identify their potential characteristic markers.

Results

Fifty compounds were identified or tentatively characterised according to the retention time, m/z value and MS/MS fragment analysis. Six compounds were selected as potential markers of NI and NF by PCA and OPLS‐DA. They were successfully applied to authenticate 17 kinds of Chinese patent medicines containing Qianghuo. The markers could not be detected in three of the Chinese patent medicines, indicating that they were counterfeit products.

Conclusion

The UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS coupled with the multivariate analysis method could discriminate NI and NF from their adulterations. Moreover, the data clearly demonstrated significant differences in the chemical compositions of NI and NF. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and the chemical constituents of NI and NF.
1H‐NMR metabolomics profiling of recombinant tobacco plants holding a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase
Authors: Becerra‐Martínez Elvia , Pacheco‐Hernández Yesenia , Lozoya‐Gloria Edmundo , Betancourt‐Jiménez Martha G. , Hidalgo‐Martínez Diego , Zepeda‐Vallejo Luis G. , Villa‐Ruano Nemesio
Published: January 2020

Introduction

Nicotiana tabacum is a plant model intensively used in the bio‐engineering pharmaceutical industry as a platform to produce drugs and therapeutic agents. Currently, no information regarding the non‐targeted metabolome of transgenic tobacco containing recombinant regulatory sequences is available.

Objective

To compare the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) metabolomics profiling of a recombinant Nicotiana tabacum strain containing a promoter of a sesquiterpene cyclase from Capsicum annuum driving GUS expression, versus wild‐type samples.

Methodology

The non‐targeted 1H‐NMR metabolome was obtained and processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA). The differential metabolites were quantified by quantitative NMR.

Results

PCA and OPLS‐DA revealed 37 metabolites including 16 discriminant compounds for transgenic samples. Ethanol (0.4 mg g‐1), the main differential compound, was exclusively detected in transgenic tobacco; however, high levels of formate (0.28 mg g‐1) and acetate (0.3 mg g‐1) were simultaneously observed in the same group of samples. Cembratriene‐4,6‐diol, an antitumour and neuroprotective compound, and capsidiol, a known phytoalexin, increased by about 30% in transgenic samples. In addition, the endogenous levels of the antioxidant caffeoylquinic acid isomers increased by 50% in comparison to those of wild‐type tobaccos.

Conclusion

Our results support the occurrence of metabolic differences between wild type and transgenic tobacco containing a promoter of a Capsicum sesquiterpene cyclase gene. Interestingly, the recombinant transgenic strain studied accumulated high amounts of added value compounds with biological activity.
Updating and expanding systematic reviews and meta‐analyses on the effects of school‐wide positive behavior interventions and supports
Authors: Lee Ahhyun , Gage Nicholas A.
Published: January 2020

School‐wide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS) is a multitiered support framework for preventing problem behaviors and increasing prosocial behaviors. There has been an increasing number of experimental group design research studies focused on the impacts of SWPBIS. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to update and extend prior reviews by including both published and unpublished studies and conducting a robust variance estimation meta‐analysis to examine the magnitude of the effect of SWPBIS on all available school‐level outcomes. A total of 29 studies were identified across the United States and Europe, including seven randomized controlled trials and 22 quasi‐experimental group design studies. Overall, statistically significant reductions in school discipline and increased academic achievement were found. Effect sizes were small to medium. Limitations and implications are discussed.
Free‐radical polymerization upon near‐infrared light irradiation, merging photochemical and photothermal initiating methods
Authors: Bonardi Aude‐Heloise , Bonardi Fabien , Noirbent Guillaume , Dumur Frederic , Gigmes Didier , Dietlin Celine , Lalevée Jacques
Published: January 2020

Polymerization of (meth)acrylate resins upon near‐infrared (NIR) light remains a huge challenge. In this study, a new photoinduced method of polymerization of methacrylic monomers is presented, originally merging a photochemical and a photothermal pathway. A four‐component system is proposed comprising an NIR dye combined with an iodonium salt, a phosphine, and a thermal initiator. A selection of dyes is suggested regarding electron transfer properties and/or light‐to‐heat conversion abilities. Several thermal initiators are studied: an alkoxyamine (BlocBuilder MA), an azo derivative, and a peroxide. For the first time, an NIR absorbing dye is used in photopolymerization using both its capacities of light‐to‐heat conversion and its ability to initiate an electron transfer reaction. Three wavelengths of irradiation will be presented here: 785, 940, and 1064 nm. These long wavelengths are challenging because the energy of photons is extremely low but these wavelengths offer significant advantages in term of light penetration (e.g., for the access to composites through photopolymerization processes). The different systems presented here exhibit high and rapid conversions of methacrylate functions. The underlying chemical mechanism will be fully depicted by real‐time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermal imaging measurements. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 300–308
Test for respiratory and asthma control in preschool kids in the emergency department as a predictor of wheezing exacerbations
Authors: Harel‐Sterling Maya , Dai Ruixue , Moraes Theo J. , Boutis Kathy , Eiwegger Thomas , Narang Indra , Lepine Claire , Brydges May Grace , Dubeau Aimee , Subbarao Padmaja , Schuh Suzanne
Published: January 2020

Objective

The test for respiratory and asthma control in kids (TRACK score) is a standardized questionnaire tool validated to identify poor symptom control in children with stable preschool wheeze. This study determined if TRACK score measured within 5 days of an Emergency Department (ED) visit for acute wheezing predicts a subsequent wheezing exacerbation requiring an ED visit and/or treatment with systemic corticosteroids within 3 months.

Methods

This was a single‐center prospective cohort study of children aged 36 to 71 months who presented to the ED with an acute episode of wheezing and had TRACK score measured at a clinic visit within 5 days of the index ED encounter, focused on information about symptoms occurring before the onset of the current acute episode. The outcomes were the independent association of a repeat wheezing exacerbation with the overall TRACK score (primary) and with mutually uncorrelated TRACK items (secondary), adjusted for sex and atopy.

Results

We enrolled 102 children; median age 52.3 (44.1, 59.9) months, 59% males. Of these, 33 (32.4%) had further wheezing exacerbations. For each 10 unit decrease in TRACK, the odds of a future exacerbation was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.10‐1.75); male sex demonstrated OR, 5.13 (1.84‐14.33). A model that included TRACK items reflecting more than equal to 1 awakenings for wheezing in the past 4 weeks, receipt of more than equal to 2 courses of corticosteroids in the last year and male sex was predictive of wheezing exacerbations: OR, 6.43 (2.18‐19.00).

Conclusion

In preschoolers with acute wheezing episodes in the ED, we have identified the TRACK score components which, together with male sex, can be used to identify children at risk of future exacerbations requiring referral for specialized care. These results need to be confirmed and validated in other populations enrolled at multiple sites before they can be implemented in practice.
Meteorological factors affecting respiratory syncytial virus infection: A time‐series analysis
Authors: Zhang Hailin , Wen Shunhang , Zheng Jingwei , Chen Xiaofang , Lv Fangfang , Liu Li
Published: January 2020

Introduction

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of hospitalization in children. Meteorological factors are known to influence seasonal RSV epidemics, but the relationship between meteorological factors and RSV infection in children is not well understood. We aimed to explore the relationship between meteorological factors and RSV infections among hospitalized children, using different statistical models.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review concerning children with RSV infections admitted to a tertiary pediatric hospital in Wenzhou, China, between January 2008 and December 2017. The relationship between meteorological factors (average daily temperatures, average daily relative humidity, rainfall, rainfall days, and wind speed) and the incidence of RSV in hospitalized children was analyzed using three time‐series models, namely an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, a generalized additive model (GAM), and a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)‐based model.

Results

In total, 15 858 (17.6%) children tested positive for RSV infection. The ARIMA model revealed a marked seasonal pattern in the RSV detection rate, which peaked in winter and spring. The model was a good predictor of RSV incidence (R2: 83.5%). The GAM revealed that a lower temperature and higher wind speed preceded increases in RSV detection. The LASSO‐based model revealed that temperature and relative humidity were negatively correlated with RSV detection.

Conclusions

Seasonality of RSV infection in hospitalized children correlated strongly with temperature. The LASSO‐based model can be used to predict annual RSV epidemics using weather forecast data.
Lung function and respiratory outcomes in teenage boys and girls born very prematurely
Authors: Harris Christopher , Zivanovic Sanja , Lunt Alan , Calvert Sandy , Bisquera Alessandra , Marlow Neil , Peacock Janet L. , Greenough Anne
Published: January 2020

Objectives

Male sex in prematurely born infants has been associated with worse respiratory outcomes in early childhood.

Working Hypothesis

Respiratory outcomes at 11 to 14 years of age in children born very prematurely and routinely exposed to antenatal corticosteroids and postnatal surfactant would differ according to sex.

Study Design

Analysis of follow‐up data.

Patient‐Subject Selection

Three hundred and nineteen children born before 29 weeks of gestational age from the United Kingdom Oscillation Study.

Methodology

Spirometry was used to assess forced expiratory flow at 75%, 50%, and 25% of expired vital capacity (FEF75, FEF50, and FEF25), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced vital capacity (FVC). Lung volumes were measured using a helium dilution technique (FRCHe) and by plethysmography (FRCpleth). Total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) were calculated. Mean lung function measurements were compared using linear mixed models and reported as unadjusted and adjusted for neonatal and age 11 to 14 years factors. The participants also completed health questionnaires and provided a urine sample for assessment of passive or active smoking.

Results

Three (FEF25, FEF25‐75, FEV1) lung function measures showed significant differences in favor of females after adjustment. The percentage of children with abnormal lung function (below 5th centile for normal) had adjusted differences between 10 and 30 percentage points, for example, for FEF25 15% females compared with 26% males.

Conclusions

Among extremely prematurely born school children airway function was significantly worse in males.
Six‐year experience with treatment of early donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibodies in pediatric lung transplantation using a human immunoglobulin‐based protocol
Authors: Ius Fabio , Müller Carsten , Sommer Wiebke , Verboom Murielle , Hallensleben Michael , Salman Jawad , Siemeni Thierry , Kühn Christian , Avsar Murat , Bobylev Dmitry , Poyanmehr Reza , Erdfelder Caroline , Böthig Dietmar , Carlens Julia , Bayir Lale , Hansen Gesine , Blasczyk Rainer , Falk Christine , Tecklenburg Andreas , Haverich Axel , Tudorache Igor , Schwerk Nicolaus , Warnecke Gregor
Published: January 2020

Objectives

Experience with the treatment of early donor‐specific anti‐HLA antibodies (eDSA) after lung transplantation in children is very limited. At our institution, we have treated patients with eDSA since 2013 with successive infusions of intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG), combined in some cases with a single dose of Rituximab and plasmapheresis (therapeutic plasma exchange [tPE]) or immunoabsorption. The aim of this study was to present the 6‐year results of IVIG‐based therapy in pediatric lung recipients.

Methods

Records of pediatric (<18 years old) patients transplanted at our institution between 01/2013 and 03/2019 were reviewed. Outcomes were compared between patients with eDSA treated with IVIG (IVIG group) and without eDSA (control group). Median (interquartile range [IQR]) follow‐up amounted to 28 (12‐52) months.

Results

During the study period, 66 lung‐transplanted pediatric patients were included, of which 27 (41%) formed the IVIG group and 38 (57%) the control group. Among the IVIG patients, 14 (52%) patients showed concomitant graft dysfunction (possible clinical antibody‐mediated rejection). The median time to eDSA detection was 24 (14‐63) days after transplantation. eDSA were cleared in 25 (96%) of the 26 patients which completed treatment. At 3 years, graft survival (%) was 73 vs 85 (P = .65); freedom (%) from chronic lung allograft rejection (CLAD) was 89 vs 78 (P = .82); and from infection 47 vs 31 (P = .15), in IVIG vs control patients, respectively.

Conclusions

After lung transplantation, an IVIG‐based treatment for eDSA yielded high eDSA clearance. IVIG and control patients showed similar CLAD‐free and graft survival.
Assessment of psychological capital at work by physiotherapists
Authors: Salles Fagner Luiz Pacheco , d'Angelo Marcia Juliana
Published: January 2020

Objective

Describe how psychological capital in the workplace impacts job satisfaction and quality life among Brazilian physiotherapists.

Methods

Questionnaires were distributed to physiotherapists of the Brazilian Physical Therapists Association working in clinical or managerial positions in the public or private sector. The response rate was 12%, with 389 participants.

Results

Job satisfaction was associated with self‐efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience, showing a direct relationship between satisfaction and psychological capital in the workplace. The self‐employed physiotherapists were more satisfied and had higher psychological capital in the workplace than the physical therapists employed by a company.

Conclusion

It is relevant that managers in the physiotherapy field recognize the relevance of psychological capital in the workplace and use it in their management practices. Understanding the individual characteristics of each employee is essential in promoting the personal development of physical therapists. This finding contributes to a healthier and more challenging work environment for physiotherapists in addition to developing their careers in physical therapy units.
Magnetic Anisotropy in Thin Layers of (Mn,Zn)Fe2O4 on SrTiO3 (001)
Authors: Denecke Reinhard , Welke Martin , Huth Paula , Gräfe Joachim , Brachwitz Kerstin , Lorenz Michael , Grundmann Marius , Ziese Michael , Esquinazi Pablo David , Goering Eberhard , Schütz Gisela , Schindler Karl-Michael , Chassé Angelika
Published: January 2020

Herein, a ferrimagnetic manganese zinc ferrite (Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) film with a thickness of 200 nm is prepared without a buffer layer on strontium titanate (001) (SrTiO3) using pulsed laser deposition. Its magnetic properties are investigated using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), X‐ray absorption spectroscopy with subsequent X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and magneto‐optic Kerr effect (MOKE). Hysteresis loops derived from SQUID exhibits bulk‐like properties. This can further be confirmed by bulk‐like XMCD spectra. In remanent magnetization, an in‐plane magnetization with basically no out‐of‐plane component is found. The magnetic moments derived by the sum rule formalism from the XMCD data are in good agreement to the magnetization observed by SQUID and MOKE. XMCD as well as MOKE reveal an in‐plane angular fourfold magnetic anisotropy with the easy direction along [110] for (Mn0.5Zn0.5)Fe2O4 on SrTiO3. The element‐specific magnetic moments from XMCD show a stronger contribution of Fe to the anisotropy than of Mn and distinct contributions of the orbital moments.
Herb–drug interaction studies of herbs used in treatment of cardiovascular disorders—A narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies
Authors: Shaikh Aaftab S. , Thomas Asha B. , Chitlange Sohan S.
Published: January 2020

About 70% of the world population is currently using medicinal herbs as complementary or alternative medicine, which is increasing at a tremendous pace in both developed and developing countries in the last two decades (World Health Organization Medicines Strategy 2002–2005). This increase in consumer demand of medicinal herbs continues despite the rarity of scientific data to establish their safety and efficacy profile. Its popularity is also attributed to several factors, including easy availability, cost effectiveness leading to better purchasing power and general perception that they are safe. Herbs are often administered concomitantly with therapeutic drugs for the treatment of major ailments, raising the potential for herb–drug interactions (HDIs). The major pathways postulated for HDIs involves the cytochrome P450 (CYP450)‐mediated inhibition or induction and transport and efflux proteins. In our review, we highlight frequently used herbal medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders (CVD), their established HDIs studied using in vitro tools and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic assays and case reports. Herbs have been divided into different sections on the basis of availability of HDI data in relevance to cardiovascular drugs: herbs reported to interact with cardiac drugs, herbs yet to be reported for interaction with drugs of any class and herbs reported to interact with drugs of other therapeutic category but not with cardiac drugs. The amount of active phytoconstituents present in the selected herbs and their extent of bioavailability are also mentioned. This review can serve as a quick reference database for physicians and health care professionals involved in CVD treatment, aimed at maximizing clinical outcomes with reduction in adverse and toxic effects.
Estrogenic properties ofPrunus cerasoidesextract and its constituents in MCF‐7 cell and evaluation in estrogen‐deprived rodent models
Authors: Kim So‐Dam , Kim Yeojin , Kim Mingee , Jeong Hyesoo , Choi Sang Ho , Ryu Hyung Won , Oh Sei‐Ryang , Lee Sang Woo , Li Wan Yi , Wu Hong‐Hua , Zhu Yan , Wang Xiaoying , Chang Minsun , Song Yun Seon
Published: January 2020

Prunus cerasoides(PC) products contain relatively high levels of flavones and isoflavones and may be potential sources of phytoestrogens for postmenopausal symptom relief. We assessed the PC extract (PCE) and its representative constituents in vitro with assays for estrogen receptor alpha binding, estrogen response element transcriptional activity, cell proliferation, and gene expression changes forpS2in MCF‐7 cells. PCE and its compounds showed strong estrogen receptor binding affinities and estrogen response element induction. A previously undescribed compound (designated as compound 18), now identified as being gentisic acid, 5‐O‐β‐D‐(6’‐O‐trans‐4‐coumaroyl)‐glucopyranoside, also showed potent estrogenic properties and induced proliferation of MCF‐7 cells. PCE was evaluated for its in vivo uterotrophic effects in immature female rats as well as for its lipid lowering effects in estrogen‐deprived animals. For ovariectomized rats and aged female mice, PCE‐treated groups had lower plasma triglyceride levels compared with control and, for the same comparison, had reduced serum levels of liver stress/damage markers. Our results point to strong estrogenic activities and beneficial metabolic effects for PCE, with properties that put PC and its extracts as promising sources of phytoestrogens for symptom relief in menopausal and postmenopausal cases.
Facile Morphology‐Tunable Preparation of CuS@MoS2 Heterostructures Based on Template Solvothermal Method
Authors: Liu Fangge , Xu Ruizhi , Hong Liu , Yang Zehui , Li Yunxing , Wang Chuanxi , Jia Hongbing , Yang Cheng
Published: January 2020

Morphology controlling has been considered as an important factor for constructing electrochemical catalysts with excellent catalytic activity as confirmed in recent studies. Herein we report a facile solvothermal method in synthesizing CuS@MoS2 nanocomposite with potentially high catalytic activity, of which different morphologies including nanorod (NR), hierarchical hollow nanosphere (HHNS) and solid nanosphere (SNS) can be simply tuned by solvent polarity and template‐precursor ratio. The morphological variation of these composites is believed as a result of the competition between overall free energy and surface free energy. The alternation in composite morphology finally causes a difference of electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2 RR) activities among NR, HNNS and SNS, in which a low onset potential (‐0.35 V vs. RHE) and excellent cycling stability can be achieved. Our results demonstrate a large potentiality of CuS@MoS2 nanohybrid to be applied in CO2 RR once its morphology can be controlled.
Customization of Conductive Elastomer Based on PVA/PEI for Stretchable Sensors
Authors: Wang Chan , Hu Kuan , Zhao Chaochao , Zou Yang , Liu Ying , Qu Xuecheng , Jiang Dongjie , Li Zhe , Zhang Ming‐Rong , Li Zhou
Published: January 2020

Conductive, stretchable, environmentally‐friendly, and strain‐sensitive elastomers are attracting immense research interest because of their potential applications in various areas, such as human–machine interfaces, healthcare monitoring, and soft robots. Herein, a binary networked elastomer is reported based on a composite hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI), which is demonstrated to be ultrastretchable, mechanically robust, biosafe, and antibacterial. The mechanical stretchability and toughness of the hydrogels are optimized by tuning the constituent ratio and water content. The optimal hydrogel (PVA2PEI1‐75) displays an impressive tensile strain as high as 500% with a corresponding tensile stress of 0.6 MPa. Furthermore, the hydrogel elastomer is utilized to fabricate piezoresistive sensors. The as‐made strain sensor displays seductive capability to monitor and distinguish multifarious human motions with high accuracy and sensitivity, like facial expressions and vocal signals. Therefore, the elastomer reported in this study holds great potential for sensing applications in the era of the Internet of Things (IoTs).
Going digital: Disruption and transformation in software‐intensive embedded systems ecosystems
Authors: Olsson Helena Holmström , Bosch Jan
Published: January 2020

Digitalization is transforming industry to an extent that we have only seen the beginnings of. Across domains, companies experience rapid changes to their existing practices due to new technologies and new entrants that current businesses. While digitalization brings endless opportunities, it comes with challenges that require companies to strategically engage with partners in their surrounding ecosystems. In this paper, we study how companies in the embedded systems domain experience the process of transitioning from product‐based companies to businesses where software, data, and artificial intelligence (AI) play an increasingly important role. To manage this, these companies need to evolve their existing ecosystems while at the same time create new ecosystems around new technologies. This involves maintaining existing technologies such as mechanics and electronics while at the same time expanding these with software, data, and AI. We provide a strategic decision framework that helps software‐intensive embedded systems companies to successfully navigate the digital transformation. We do this in two steps. First, we present three models that provide the technical content of the strategic decision framework. Second, we provide an overview of the strategic alternatives that incumbents and new entrants have available when existing technologies are commoditizing and new technologies are introduced.
Exploring the Chemistry of Low‐Temperature Ignition by Pressure‐Accelerated Dynamics
Authors: Krep Lukas , Kopp Wassja Alexander , Kröger Leif Christian , Döntgen Malte , Leonhard Kai
Published: January 2020

Reaction models that accurately describe the complex reaction processes of ignition are key for the development of novel engine‐ and fuel concepts. Since reactive molecular dynamics can be used to discover reaction networks in a largely automated fashion, this method has the potential to drastically reduce the real time effort necessary for the development of reaction models. With standard reactive molecular dynamics, the simulation of low‐temperature reaction processes is hindered by the small accessible time scales of only a few nanoseconds. In this work, we propose the pressure‐accelerated dynamics method to overcome the time scales obstacle through exploitation of Le Chatelier's principle. For the example of pentane low‐temperature ignition, we show that with pressure‐accelerated dynamics, the ReaxFF reactive force field, and the ChemTraYzer not only the known key low‐temperature igniton pathways can be found, but also reactions that are not yet included in reaction models.
Aerodynamic interference effects of a proposed taller high‐rise building on wind pressures on existing tall buildings
Authors: Quan Yong , Chen Jialu , Gu Ming
Published: January 2020

When a large super high‐rise building taller than the surrounding tall buildings is built in a dense urban area, the aerodynamic interference effects of the surrounding buildings on the proposed building attract much attention, while the interference effects of the taller high‐rise building on the nearby existing buildings are often ignored. Based on a series of wind tunnel tests, the interference effects of a proposed taller high‐rise building, an adjacent equal‐height partner building, and relatively short background buildings on the target building's local wind pressures are analysed in this paper. Two‐dimensional numerical simulation are carried out to further understand the interference mechanism in some cases. The test results show that the influence of a nearby proposed taller high‐rise building may lead to wind‐induced damage on the interfered shorter buildings' envelopes. The envelope structures of other surrounding buildings facing the side of the proposed building need to be given more attention.
Typification and authorship of Drosera intermedia (Droseraceae)
Authors: Fleischmann Andreas , Gonella Paulo M.
Published: January 2020

Drosera intermedia is lectotypified with the herbarium specimen on which the type drawing in the 1798 protologue was based. The collection history of the specimen, the history of the botanical drawing as original material, and the correct nomenclatural author and publication date of the name are presented based on historical notes and literature. Additionally, the global distribution of the species is given, including the first record from Africa.
Sonographic characteristics of post‐molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia at diagnosis and during follow‐up, and relationship with methotrexate resistance
Authors: Epstein E. , Joneborg U.
Published: January 2020

Objectives

To describe the sonographic characteristics of post‐molar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) at diagnosis and during follow‐up, and to assess their association with methotrexate (MTX) resistance (R) as first‐line chemotherapy.

Methods

This was a retrospective study of all women treated for post‐molar GTN at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, between October 2010 and December 2017, who had undergone expert transvaginal ultrasound assessment ≤ 2 weeks prior to, or ≤ 1 week after, the start of first‐line MTX treatment. Women with a detectable uterine lesion were followed up with repeat scans during treatment, as well as after treatment in cases of persistent lesions. The association between MTX‐R and sonographic findings at inclusion was assessed.

Results

Of 47 eligible women, 36 were included in the analysis after excluding those who had not undergone structured transvaginal ultrasound assessment and those who started treatment at another center. The median age at diagnosis was 33 (interquartile range (IQR), 27–43) years and 35/36 (97%) women were in the FIGO low‐risk group (risk score, 0–6). At inclusion, no uterine lesions were found in eight (22%) women, focal lesions in 24 (67%) women and global lesions in four (11%) women. Median maximum lesion diameter was 40.4 (IQR, 31.3–49.4) mm and 26/28 (93%) lesions had a color score of 3 or 4. Arteriovenous fistulas were found in 9/28 (32%) women and theca lutein cysts in 4/36 (11%) women. Four women with GTN lesion at inclusion underwent hysterectomy prior to the first follow‐up ultrasound scan and a fifth woman with a growing lesion underwent hysterectomy, which revealed persistent viable trophoblastic tissue. All remaining women reached complete remission and median time to human chorionic gonadotropin normalization was 2.7 (IQR, 1.4–3.7) months. During ultrasound follow‐up, 88% (21/24) of lesions resolved completely. Two women with a persisting lesion remained in complete remission. Median time to disappearance of vascularity was 5.8 (IQR, 3.7–9.3) months and median time to resolution of the lesion was 6.8 (IQR, 3.7–9.3) months. MTX‐R developed in 12/31 (39%) women. Uterine tumors ≥ 4 cm (73% vs 17%; P = 0.008) and global lesions (25% vs 0%; P = 0.03) were significantly more common in women with compared to those without MTX‐R.

Conclusion

Uterine lesions were detected at the time of diagnosis in 78% of women with post‐molar GTN. The vast majority of the lesions resolved completely during follow‐up, after a median of 7 months. MTX‐R was more common in uterine tumors of 4 cm, or larger, and in global lesions. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
A toolkit for twisted chiral superfields
Authors: Bizet Nana Cabo , Santos-Silva Roberto
Published: January 2020

Abstract

We calculate the most general terms for arbitrary Lagrangians of twisted chiral superfields in 2D (2,2) supersymmetric theories [1]. The scalar and fermion kinetic terms and interactions are given explicitly. We define a set of twisted superspace coordinates, which allows to obtain Lagrangian terms for generic Kähler potential and generic twisted superpotential; this is done in analogy to the corresponding chiral superfields calculations [2]. As examples we obtain the Lagrangian of a single twisted superfield, i.e. the Abelian-dual of the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) of a single chiral superfield, and the Lagrangian for the non-Abelian SU(2) dual of the ℂℙ1 GLSM model, for these examples of dual models we discuss the U(1)A and U(1)V R-symmetries. Generic Lagrangians contain both twisted-chiral and chiral superfields, with distinct representations. We write down the kinetic terms for all bosons and fermions as well as their interactions for these generic cases. As twisted superfields play a central role for T-dualities and Mirror Symmetry in GLSMs, we expect the pedagogical exposition of this technique to be useful in those studies.
TVID 2: evaluation of planar-type three-loop self-energy integrals with arbitrary masses
Authors: Bauberger Stefan , Freitas Ayres , Wiegand Daniel
Published: January 2020

Abstract

We present TVID 2, a program to numerically evaluate an important class of planar three-loop self-energy master integrals with arbitrary masses. As with the predecessor version (TVID 1) the integrals are separated into a known piece, containing the UV divergencies, and a finite piece that is integrated numerically, implemented in C. The set of master integrals under consideration was found with self-energy diagrams containing two closed fermion loops in mind. Two techniques are employed in deriving the expressions for the finite pieces that are then numerically integrated: (a) Sub-loop dispersion relations in the case of topologies containing sub-bubbles, and (b) a modification of the procedure suggested by Ghinculov for integrals with only sub-loop triangles.
Erratum to: Charged particle production rate from cosmic censorship in dilaton black hole spacetimes
Authors: Ong Yen Chin , Yao Yuan
Published: January 2020

The second author Yuan Yao should be affiliated to (a) Yangzhou University, NOT to (b) Shanghai Jiaotong University.
Comparison of physical activity among different subsets of patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis and the general population
Authors: Pelle Tim , Claassen Aniek A. O. M. , Meessen Jennifer M. T. A. , Peter Wilfred F. , Vliet Vlieland Thea P. M. , Bevers Karen , van der Palen Job , van den Hoogen Frank H. J. , van den Ende Cornelia H. M.
Published: January 2020

To compare the amount of physical activity (PA) among patients with different subsets of knee or hip osteoarthritis (OA) and the general population. Secondary analyses of data of subjects ≥ 50 years from four studies: a study on the effectiveness of an educational program for OA patients in primary care (n = 110), a RCT on the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary self-management program for patients with generalized OA in secondary care (n = 131), a survey among patients who underwent total joint arthroplasty (TJA) for end-stage OA (n = 510), and a survey among the general population in the Netherlands (n = 3374). The Short QUestionnaire to ASssess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH) was used to assess PA in all 4 studies. Differences in PA were analysed by multivariable linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, body mass index and sex. In all groups, at least one-third of total time spent on PA was of at least moderate-intensity. Unadjusted mean duration (hours/week) of at least moderate-intensity PA was 15.3, 12.3, 18.1 and 17.8 for patients in primary, secondary care, post TJA, and the general population, respectively. Adjusted analyses showed that patients post TJA spent 5.6 h [95% CI: 1.5; 9.7] more time on PA of at least moderate-intensity than patients in secondary care. The reported amount of PA of at least moderate-intensity was high in different subsets of OA and the general population. Regarding the amount of PA in patients with different subsets of OA, there was a substantial difference between patients in secondary care and post TJA patients.