bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioimpedance‐based plethysmogram detection using MHz band
Authors: Muramatsu Dairoku
Published: May 2021

Daily pulsation measurements are useful for managing various health conditions. In this article, we discuss the development of a technique that uses wearable devices for measuring pulsations using bioimpedance. The pulsations from the study subject were measured using wrist‐attached electrodes in the MHz band. Results showed that pulsations can be measured based on the changes in the bioimpedance under all studied conditions. Moreover, the bioimpedance changed with the pulsations even in discontinuous measurements. These results show the feasibility of bioimpedance‐based plethysmogram detection using the MHz band. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Anisotropic transition metal–based nanomaterials for biomedical applications
Authors: Xu Min , Song Yiling , Wang Jinping , Li Nan
Published: May 2021

Transition metal–based nanoparticles have attracted more and more attention in biomedicine, owing to their special characteristics that arise from finite‐size and surface effects, such as intense and broad light absorption, strong oxidation ability, catalytic activity, and robust mechanical properties. Researches on transition metal–based nanoparticles and their clinical applications have been, so far, mainly focus on the spherical shape. However, many efforts have been made to develop different anisotropic shapes to increase their physicochemical properties and biological activity. In this regard, it would be of great benefit to elaborate the recent developments, especially over the past 20 years, on the synthesis of anisotropic transition metal–based nanomaterials and their unique shape‐dependent properties, mechanism, as well as superiority and limitations in biomedicine, such as drug delivery, disease therapy, and resonance imaging. Here, we will summarize in detail the mechanism and advantages of three main shape categories of anisotropic transition metal–based nanomaterials in biomedical applications, including one‐dimensional (e.g., nanowire), two‐dimensional (e.g., nanosheet), and three‐dimensional (e.g., nanorod, nanocube, and nanoflower) anisotropic shapes. In addition, the critical challenges and prospects of this field will be also proposed and discussed.
Wiedemann-Franz laws and Sl(2, ℤ) duality in AdS/CMT holographic duals and one-dimensional effective actions for them
Authors: Melnikov Dmitry , Nastase Horatiu
Published: May 2021

Abstract

In this paper we study the Wiedemann-Franz laws for transport in 2+1 dimensions, and the action of Sl(2, ℤ) on this transport, for theories with an AdS/CMT dual. We find that Sl(2, ℤ) restricts the RG-like flow of conductivities and that the Wiedemann-Franz law is $$ \overline{L}=\overline{\kappa}/\left( T\sigma \right)={cg}_4^2\uppi /3 $$

L
¯

=

κ
¯

/

Tσ

=

cg
4
2

π
/
3
, from the weakly coupled gravity dual. In a self-dual theory this value is also the value of L = κ/(Tσ) in the weakly coupled field theory description. Using the formalism of a 0+1 dimensional effective action for both generalized SY Kq models and the AdS4 gravity dual, we calculate the transport coefficients and show how they can be matched at large q. We construct a generalization of this effective action that is invariant under Sl(2, ℤ) and can describe vortex conduction and integer quantum Hall effect.
Process Mining bei hybriden Vorgehensmodellen zur Umsetzung von Unternehmenssoftware
Authors: Alpers Sascha , Karle Thomas , Schreiber Clemens , Schönthaler Frank , Oberweis Andreas
Published: May 2021

Process Mining hat sich in den vergangenen Jahren zur Analyse von Prozessdaten etabliert und wird in verschiedenen Kontexten, wie beispielsweise Industrie 4.0, eingesetzt. Die Potenziale dieser Technologie liegen jedoch nicht nur in der Analyse von Wertschöpfungsprozessen im Kontext von Produktion und Verwaltung. Die Technologie kann darüber hinaus auch für die Verbesserung des Vorgehens bei den dazugehörigen – meist großen und komplexen – Softwareprojekten genutzt werden. Für die Umsetzung der für Industrie‑4.0‑Prozesse erforderlichen Unternehmenssoftware werden häufig agile oder hybride Vorgehensmodelle eingesetzt. Software Innovations unterstützen die Umsetzung in zweierlei Hinsicht. Software Innovations bezeichnen zum einen Innovationen für das Software Engineering durch neue Vorgehensmodelle, Methoden und Werkzeuge. Zum anderen umfasst der Begriff Innovationen, welche durch (neuartige) Software ermöglicht werden. Ausgehend von diesen beiden Aspekten von Software Innovations beschreibt der Beitrag, wie Process Mining zur Analyse und Verbesserung des Vorgehens bei Unternehmenssoftwareprojekten verwendet werden kann. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Anwendung und Verbesserung von hybrid durchgeführten Entwicklungs- und Konfigurationsprojekten. Das vorgestellte Verfahren kann jedoch auch für klassisch oder agil durchgeführte Projekte angewendet werden. Es dient generell dazu, den Prozess zur Softwareerstellung kontinuierlich, anhand von Erkenntnissen aus laufenden und abgeschlossenen Projekten, automatisiert zu analysieren und zu verbessern. Hierzu wird exemplarisch der hybride Referenzprozess aus dem Vorgehensmodell eines mittelständischen Software- und Beratungsunternehmens als Anwendungsfall betrachtet.
The role of imaging in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Brizi Maria Gabriella , Perillo Federica , Cannone Federico , Tuzza Laura , Manfredi Riccardo
Published: May 2021

Acute pancreatitis is one of the most commonly encountered etiologies in the emergency setting, with a broad spectrum of findings that varies in severity from mild interstitial pancreas to severe forms with significant local and systemic complications that are associated with a substantial degree of morbidity and mortality. In this article the radiological aspect of the terminology and classification of acute pancreatitis are reviewed. The roles of ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and evaluation of acute pancreatitis and its complications are discussed. The authors present a practical image-rich guide, applying the revised Atlanta classification system, with the goal of facilitating radiologists to write a correct report, and reinforcing the radiologist’s role as a key member of a multidisciplinary team in treating patients with acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography is the most performed imaging test for acute pancreatitis. Nevertheless, MRI is useful in many specific situations, due to its superiority soft tissue contrast resolution and better assessment of biliary and pancreatic duct, for example in the ductal disconnection. The purpose if this article is to review recent advances in imaging acquisition and analytic techniques in the evaluation of AP.
„Wenn es unbedingt Fleisch sein muss …“ – Fleischkonsum in deutschen Frauenzeitschriften
Authors: Kramer Ricarda
Published: May 2021

Fleisch als Symbol männlicher Macht und körperlicher Stärke hat bereits in unterschiedlichen soziologischen Arbeiten große Beachtung gefunden. Jedoch wird der „weibliche Fleischkonsum“ bisher kaum thematisiert. Das Vorhaben dieses Beitrags ist es deshalb, den genauen Zusammenhang von Weiblichkeit und Fleischkonsum aus diskurstheoretischer Perspektive herauszuarbeiten. Die hierbei zentral entwickelte These ist, dass der „weibliche Fleischkonsum“ starken Regulierungen unterliegt. Diese Regulierungen stellen sich allerdings nicht direkt oder immer als solche dar, sondern werden über körperliche Gesundheit und normative Schönheitsideale vermittelt. Vor diesem Hintergrund sind vielfach Verbindungen zu weiblichen Körper- und Gesundheitsnormen zu finden und es lassen sich weitreichende Zusammenhänge rekonstruieren. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, die explizite, aber auch implizite Thematisierung des weiblichen Fleischkonsums durch eine diskurstheoretische Analyse deutscher Frauenzeitschriften herauszuarbeiten und zu rekonstruieren, um so theoretisch als auch empirisch fundierte Zugänge zu den Themenbereichen Weiblichkeit und Fleischkonsum eröffnen zu können.
Linking multiple values of nature with future impacts: value-based participatory scenario development for sustainable landscape governance
Authors: Harmáčková Zuzana V. , Blättler Linda , Aguiar Ana Paula D. , Daněk Jan , Krpec Petr , Vačkářová Davina
Published: May 2021

Reaching sustainable and just futures for people and nature requires tackling complex social-ecological challenges across multiple scales, from local to global. Pathways towards such futures are largely driven by people’s decisions and actions, underpinned by multiple types of motivations and values. Thus, understanding the link between potential futures and the values underpinning them represents a key question of current sustainability research, recently embraced by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Particularly the understanding of causal chains leading from values to futures across different contexts and scales is vital to identify which sustainability pathways to collectively pursue. In this study, we build on a transdisciplinary knowledge co-creation process in an array of local case studies in protected areas in the Czechia (Central Europe). We apply the Life Framework of Values and the Three Horizons framework in an innovative value-based participatory scenario building process to explore the relationships between (1) multiple types of values, (2) actions taken by different types of stakeholders, and (3) their potential impacts on nature, nature’s contributions to people (including ecosystem services) and good quality of life. The resulting local-scale value-based pathways show the complex relationship between multiple types of values for nature and potential future trajectories. Finally, we reflect on the utility of value-based participatory scenario planning as a means to strengthen sustainable governance. We highlight that if participatory deliberation of values is to support decision-making processes, its design needs to carefully reflect local context and institutional set-up.
BMI Course Over 10 Years After Bariatric Surgery and Biopsychosocial Complexity Assessed with the INTERMED: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Corminboeuf Yann , Wild Beate , Zdrojewski Catherine , Schellberg Dieter , Favre Lucie , Suter Michel , Stiefel Friedrich
Published: May 2021

Background

While bariatric surgery is an effective therapy for patients with severe obesity, not all patients benefit equally. An explanation might be that psychosocial risk factors hamper outcome. The study aimed to evaluate if biopsychosocial case complexity predicts evolution of BMI over 10 years after bariatric surgery.

Methods

Charts of patients (N = 236) of the Cohort of Obesity Lausanne (COOL) were retrospectively reviewed and rated with the INTERMED, a reliable and validated instrument, which assesses biopsychosocial case complexity and has been proven to predict outcome of medical treatments in different patient populations. The sample was stratified into BMI quartiles, computed from the patients’ baseline BMI. For each quartile, BMI evolution was analyzed using individual growth curve analysis.

Results

Growth curve analyses showed that in quartiles 1, 2, and 3, none of the INTERMED domain scores significantly predicted the BMI evolution after surgery. However, in the fourth quartile—including patients with the highest pre-surgical BMI—the social domain score of the INTERMED significantly predicted BMI evolution: patients with more social complexity showed higher increase in BMI.

Conclusion

Effectiveness of interventions targeted at social complexity, especially when patients suffer from severe obesity, may therefore be evaluated in future studies.

Graphical abstract
Delivery of systemic anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Fitzpatrick Orla , Ní Dhonaill Roisin , Linehan Anna , Coyne Zac , Hennessy Maeve , Clarke Maeve , McGee Elizabeth , Barrett Fiona , O’Doherty Deborah , Matassa Carla , Doyle Teresa , Christie Allyson , Hennessy Bryan , Grogan Liam , Morris Patrick G. , Breathnach Oscar S. , Cowzer Darren
Published: May 2021

Background

The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Ireland was on February 29th 2020. From March until late April, the number of cases increased exponentially. The delivery of anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic was extremely challenging. In order to balance the benefits of continuing anti-cancer therapy with the associated increased hospital visits, combined with the risk of COVID-19 infection, we undertook a series of system changes in the delivery of cancer care.

Methods

Patients who attended our dayward over a 4-month period were included. Data were obtained from patient and chemotherapy prescribing records. Patients were screened for symptoms of COVID-19 at two separate timepoints: prior to their visit via telephone, and using a symptom questionnaire on arrival at the hospital. If patients displayed COVID-19 symptoms, they were isolated and a viral swab arranged.

Results

A total of 456 patients attended from January 1st to April 30th. The numbers of visits from January to April were 601, 586, 575, and 607, respectively. During this period, there were 2369 patient visits to the dayward and 1953 (82%) intravenous regimens administered. Of the 416 visits that did not lead to treatment, 114 (27%) were scheduled non-treatment review visits, 194 (47%) treatments were held due to disease-related illness, and 108 (26%) treatments were held due to treatment-related complications.

Screening measurements were implemented on March 18th due to rising COVID-19 prevalence in the general population. Overall, 53 treatments were held due to the screening process: 19 patients (36%) elicited COVID-19 symptoms via telephone screening; 34 patients (64%) were symptomatic in our pre-assessment area and referred for swabs, of which 4 were positive. Those with a negative swab were rescheduled for chemotherapy the following week.

Conclusions

With careful systematic changes, safe and continued delivery of systemic anti-cancer therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic is possible.
Hardy Spaces for Quasiregular Mappings and Composition Operators
Authors: Adamowicz Tomasz , González María J.
Published: May 2021

We define Hardy spaces $${\mathcal {H}}^p$$

H

p

for quasiregular mappings in the plane, and show that for a particular class of these mappings many of the classical properties that hold in the classical setting of analytic mappings still hold. This particular class of quasiregular mappings can be characterised in terms of composition operators when the symbol is quasiconformal. Relations between Carleson measures and Hardy spaces play an important role in the discussion. This program was initiated and developed for Hardy spaces of quasiconformal mappings by Astala and Koskela in 2011 in their paper $${\mathcal {H}}^p$$

H

p

-theory for Quasiconformal Mappings (Pure Appl Math Q 7(1):19–50, 2011).
Neighboring Optimal Guidance and Constrained Attitude Control for Accurate Orbit Injection
Authors: Pontani Mauro , Celani Fabio
Published: May 2021

Accurate orbit injection represents a crucial issue in several mission scenarios, e.g., for spacecraft orbiting the Earth or for payload release from the upper stage of an ascent vehicle. This work considers a new guidance and control architecture based on the combined use of (i) the variable-time-domain neighboring optimal guidance technique (VTD-NOG), and (ii) the constrained proportional-derivative (CPD) algorithm for attitude control. More specifically, VTD-NOG & CPD is applied to two distinct injection maneuvers: (a) Hohmann-like finite-thrust transfer from a low Earth orbit to a geostationary orbit, and (b) orbit injection of the upper stage of a launch vehicle. Nonnominal flight conditions are modeled by assuming errors on the initial position, velocity, attitude, and attitude rate, as well as actuation deviations. Extensive Monte Carlo campaigns prove effectiveness and accuracy of the guidance and control methodology at hand, in the presence of realistic deviations from nominal flight conditions.
Wind speed inference from environmental flow–structure interactions
Authors: Cardona Jennifer L. , Bouman Katherine L. , Dabiri John O.
Published: May 2021

Graphical Abstract
Commentary: the ethical challenges of machine learning in psychiatry: a focus on data, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Barron Daniel S.
Published: May 2021

The clinical interview is the psychiatrist's data gathering procedure. However, the clinical interview is not a defined entity in the way that ‘vitals’ are defined as measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation. There are as many ways to approach a clinical interview as there are psychiatrists; and trainees can learn as many ways of performing and formulating the clinical interview as there are instructors (Nestler, 1990). Even in the same clinical setting, two clinicians might interview the same patient and conduct very different examinations and reach different treatment recommendations. From the perspective of data science, this mismatch is not one of personal style or idiosyncrasy but rather one of uncertain salience: neither the clinical interview nor the data thereby generated is operationalized and, therefore, neither can be rigorously evaluated, tested, or optimized.
Periodic trajectories for an age-structured prey–predator system with Michaelis–Menten functional response including delays and asymmetric diffusion
Authors: YANG PENG , WANG YUANSHI
Published: May 2021

This paper studies the periodic trajectories of a novel age-structured prey–predator system with Michaelis–Menten functional response including delays and asymmetric diffusion. To begin with, the system is turned into an abstract non-densely defined Cauchy problem, and a time-lag effect in their interaction is investigated. Next, we acquire that this system appears a periodic orbit near the positive steady state by employing the method of integrated semigroup and the Hopf bifurcation theory for semilinear equations with non-dense domain, which is also the main result of this article. Finally, in order to illustrate our theoretical analysis more vividly, we make some numerical simulations and give some discussions.
Food systems in archaeology. Examining production and consumption in the past
Authors: Reed Kelly
Published: May 2021

Research on food has a long history in archaeology and anthropology, with many agreeing that we need to examine the food of complex societies in a more holistic way, through the various stages from production to disposal. Typically, this has occurred through the application of the concept of foodways, although this has a range of definitions and is generally only used in historical archaeological and anthropological research. By building on this important area of research this paper will explore the usefulness of applying a food-systems framework to understanding food in the past. Systems research is already well established in archaeology, sharing elements with approaches such as social-network analysis and complexity science. These theories have been used to address a broad array of questions about the relationships between actors, activities and outcomes for individuals and larger groups at a range of social scales. Thus food systems can help us to explore greater connections between food, human society and the environment via a combination of different archaeological evidence and comparative data.
Scenario Weights for Importance Measurement (SWIM) – an R package for sensitivity analysis
Authors: Pesenti Silvana M. , Bettini Alberto , Millossovich Pietro , Tsanakas Andreas
Published: May 2021

The Scenario Weights for Importance Measurement (SWIM) package implements a flexible sensitivity analysis framework, based primarily on results and tools developed by Pesenti et al. (2019). SWIM provides a stressed version of a stochastic model, subject to model components (random variables) fulfilling given probabilistic constraints (stresses). Possible stresses can be applied on moments, probabilities of given events, and risk measures such as Value-At-Risk and Expected Shortfall. SWIM operates upon a single set of simulated scenarios from a stochastic model, returning scenario weights, which encode the required stress and allow monitoring the impact of the stress on all model components. The scenario weights are calculated to minimise the relative entropy with respect to the baseline model, subject to the stress applied. As well as calculating scenario weights, the package provides tools for the analysis of stressed models, including plotting facilities and evaluation of sensitivity measures. SWIM does not require additional evaluations of the simulation model or explicit knowledge of its underlying statistical and functional relations; hence, it is suitable for the analysis of black box models. The capabilities of SWIM are demonstrated through a case study of a credit portfolio model.
Variability of Dissolved Oxygen in the Bottom Layer of the Southern Senegalese Shelf
Authors: Tall A. W. , Machu E. , Echevin V. , Capet X. , Pietri A. , Corréa K. , Sall S. M. , Lazar A.
Published: May 2021

The observation station “Melax” was deployed in 2015 on the wide and shallow south Senegalese shelf to study the ocean dynamics, air‐sea interactions, and dissolved oxygen (DO) cycle. Data from February 2015 to August 2016 were used to study the main physical processes affecting the variability of DO in the bottom layer (∼30 m depth) on time scales ranging from tidal to seasonal. Between November and May, wind‐driven upwelling provides phytoplankton enrichment of the surface layers and brings cold, salty, and depleted DO on the shelf. Water properties at Melax vary depending on the source waters located at the shelf edge. The DO concentration changes between the shelf edge and Melax are broadly consistent with the inferred respiration rates estimated in previous studies. In contrast, the monsoon season (July–October) is characterized by weak westerly winds and northward currents. Bottom waters are warmer, fresher, and more oxygenated. The slower circulation in this period allows a stronger decoupling between the water properties of the waters observed at Melax and those of the source waters. Stratification strengthening near the bottom layer inhibits vertical mixing and induces strong high‐frequency variability in properties caused by internal tide‐generated waves. Intense upwelling events can deepen the mixed layer and intermittently transform the bottom layer waters (locally or remotely). Relaxation events associated with current reversals significantly modify their properties. Coastal trapped waves constitute a distant forcing that can act year‐round, impacting both shelf waters and source regions.
Seasonal and Spatial Controls on the Eutrophication‐Induced Acidification in the Pearl River Estuary
Authors: Liang Bo , Xiu Peng , Hu Jiatang , Li Shiyu
Published: May 2021

Our understanding of eutrophication‐induced acidification in estuaries and coastal oceans is complicated by the seasonally and spatially changing interactions between physical and biochemical drivers. By combining the conservative mixing method and a physical‐biogeochemical model, we present the seasonal and spatial dynamical analysis of eutrophication‐induced acidification in the Pearl River Estuary in the northern South China Sea. In summer, the widespread eutrophication‐induced acidification is regulated by two distinct physical drivers, which are the strengthened stratification in the hypoxia zone and the high turbidity in the Lingdingyang Bay. In the hypoxia zone, eutrophication‐induced acidification is controlled by the combined effect of benthic remineralization and stratification, while it is dominantly regulated by local biochemical processes (nitrification and respiration) of the whole water column in other regions of the estuary. In winter with the enhanced vertical mixing, the eutrophication‐induced acidification is still active in the Lingdingyang Bay, and its strength has largely decreased compared with summer condition. While for the hypoxia zone, the eutrophication‐induced acidification peaks in summer and disappears in winter.
Non-local dxy nematicity and the missing electron pocket in FeSe
Authors: Rhodes Luke C. , Böker Jakob , Müller Marvin A. , Eschrig Matthias , Eremin Ilya M.
Published: May 2021

The origin of spontaneous electronic nematic ordering provides important information for understanding iron-based superconductors. Here, we analyze a scenario where the dxy orbital strongly contributes to nematic ordering in FeSe. We show that the addition of dxy nematicity to a pure dxz/dyz order provides a natural explanation for the unusual Fermi surface and correctly reproduces the strongly anisotropic momentum dependence of the superconducting gap. We predict a Lifshitz transition of an electron pocket mediated by temperature and sulfur doping, whose signatures we discuss by analysing available experimental data. We present the variation of momentum dependence of the superconducting gap upon suppression of nematicity. Our quantitatively accurate model yields the transition from tetragonal to nematic FeSe and the FeSe1−xSx series, and puts strong constraints on possible nematic mechanisms.
Rayleigh-wave attenuation across the conterminous United States in the microseism frequency band
Authors: Magrini Fabrizio , Boschi Lapo , Gualtieri Lucia , Lekić Vedran , Cammarano Fabio
Published: May 2021

Mapping variations in the attenuation of seismic energy is important for understanding dissipative mechanisms in the lithosphere, and for modeling ground shaking associated with earthquakes. We cross-correlate ambient seismic signal recorded across the EarthScope Transportable Array in the 3–15 s period range. We apply to the resulting cross correlations a new method to estimate lateral variations in Rayleigh-wave attenuation, as a function of period, beneath North America. Between 3 and 6 s, our maps are dominated by a strong eastward decrease in attenuation. This pattern vanishes at longer periods, confirming early observations based on regional earthquakes. Attenuation maps and phase-velocity maps are anti-correlated at periods between 3 and 6 s, but the anti-correlation is also largely lost at longer periods. This corresponds to the attenuation coefficient decreasing with period more rapidly in the west than in the east, while the change in phase velocity with period is more uniform across the continent. Our results point to a transition in the properties of upper-crustal materials with depth, probably related to the closure of fluid-filled cracks and pores, and imply that measures of attenuation from seismic noise carry significant information on crustal rheology.
Infection effects of the new microsporidian species Tubulinosema suzukii on its host Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Biganski Sarah , Fückel Sabrina , Jehle Johannes A. , Kleespies Regina G.
Published: May 2021

Microsporidian infections of insects are important natural constraints of population growth, often reducing lifespan, fecundity and fertility of the infected host. The recently discovered Tubulinosema suzukii infects Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing drosophila, SWD), an invasive pest of many fruit crops in North America and Europe. In laboratory tests, fitness effects on larval and adult stages were explored. High level infection after larval treatment caused up to 70% pupal mortality, a decreased lifespan and a 70% reduced oviposition of emerging adults in biparental infection clusters. A shift to higher proportion of female offspring compared to controls suggested a potential parthenogenetic effect after microsporidian infection. A clear sex-linkage of effects was noted; females were specifically impaired, as concluded from fecundity tests with only infected female parents. Additive effects were noted when both parental sexes were infected, whereas least effects were found with only infected male parents, though survival of males was most negatively affected if they were fed with T. suzukii spores in the adult stage. Although most negative effects on fitness parameters were revealed after larval treatment, infection of offspring was never higher than 4%, suggesting limited vertical transmission. For that reason, a self-reliant spread in natural SWD populations would probably only occur by spore release from cadavers or frass.
Ultrastiff graphene
Authors: Hiltunen Vesa-Matti , Koskinen Pekka , Mentel Kamila K. , Manninen Jyrki , Myllyperkiö Pasi , Pettersson Mika , Johansson Andreas
Published: May 2021

Graphene has exceptionally high in-plane strength, which makes it ideal for various nanomechanical applications. At the same time, its exceptionally low out-of-plane stiffness makes it also flimsy and hard to handle, rendering out-of-plane structures unstable and difficult to fabricate. Therefore, from an application point of view, a method to stiffen graphene would be highly beneficial. Here we demonstrate that graphene can be significantly stiffened by using a laser writing technique called optical forging. We fabricate suspended graphene membranes and use optical forging to create stable corrugations. Nanoindentation experiments show that the corrugations increase graphene bending stiffness up to 0.8 MeV, five orders of magnitude larger than pristine graphene and corresponding to some 35 layers of bulk graphite. Simulations demonstrate that, in addition to stiffening by micron-scale corrugations, optical forging stiffens graphene also at the nanoscale. This magnitude of stiffening of an atomically thin membrane will open avenues for a plethora of new applications, such as GHz resonators and 3D scaffolds.
The oncological relevance of fragile sites in cancer
Authors: Simpson Benjamin S. , Pye Hayley , Whitaker Hayley C.
Published: May 2021

Recent developments in sequencing the cancer genome have provided the first in-depth mapping of structural variants (SV) across 38 tumour types. Sixteen signatures of structural variants have been proposed which broadly characterise the variation seen across cancer types. One signature shows increased duplications and deletions at fragile sites, with little association with the typical DNA repair defects. We discuss how, for many of these fragile sites, the clinical impacts are yet to be explored. One example is NAALADL2, one of the most frequently altered fragile sites in the cancer genome. The copy-number variations (CNVs) which occur at fragile sites, such as NAALADL2, may span many genes without typical DNA repair defects and could have a large impact on cell signalling.
Ground-state cooling of mechanical resonators by quantum reservoir engineering
Authors: Naseem Muhammad Tahir , Müstecaplıoğlu Özgür E.
Published: May 2021

Ground-state cooling of multiple mechanical resonators becomes vital to employ them in various applications ranging from ultra-precise sensing to quantum information processing. Here we propose a scheme for simultaneous cooling of multiple degenerate or near-degenerate mechanical resonators to their quantum ground-state, which is otherwise a challenging goal to achieve. As opposed to standard laser cooling schemes where coherence renders the motion of a resonator to its ground-state, we consider an incoherent thermal source to achieve the same aim. The underlying physical mechanism of cooling is explained by investigating a direct connection between the laser sideband cooling and “cooling by heating”. Our advantageous scheme of cooling enabled by quantum reservoir engineering can be realized in various setups, employing parametric coupling of a cooling agent with the target systems. We also discuss using non-thermal baths to simulate ultra-high temperature thermal baths for cooling.
Novel 3D-networked melamine–naphthalene–polyamic acid nanofillers doped in vinyl ester resin for higher flame retardancy
Authors: Cheedarala Ravi Kumar , Prabhakar M. N. , Cho Beom Gon , Park Young Bin , Il Song Jung
Published: May 2021

In this study, melamine–naphthalene covalent polyamic acid and its metal carboxylate salts were synthesized as building blocks of nanofillers (Nt–Mn–PA–COOM, M = Li, Na, and K).
Hydroxylated 3-(pyridin-2-yl)coumarins as radical scavengers with potent lipoxygenase inhibitor activity
Authors: Masuri Sebastiano , Cabiddu Maria Grazia , Cadoni Enzo , Pivetta Tiziana
Published: May 2021

Hydroxylated 3-(pyridin-2-yl)coumarins show radical scavenging activity and are able to inhibit soybean lipoxygenase.
Integrated quality assessment of Tieshuang Anshen prescription by multiple fingerprint profiles combined with quantitative analysis and chemometric methods
Authors: Zhai Manhuayun , Shen Tianying , Gong Dandan , Chen Jinyu , Sun Guoxiang
Published: May 2021

Chinese herbal medicine compound prescription (CHM-CP) contains more complex active compounds than single herbal medicine owing to its compatibility.
Rh(iii)-Catalysed synthesis of cinnolinium and fluoranthenium salts using C–H activation/annulation reactions: organelle specific mitochondrial staining applications
Authors: Mayakrishnan Sivakalai , Tamizmani Masilamani , Balachandran Chandrasekar , Aoki Shin , Maheswari Narayanan Uma
Published: May 2021

Organelle specific mitochondrial staining studies on fluoranthenium salts using C–H activation of Rh(iii)-catalyst were reported.
Acid-catalyzed allenylation of pyrazolones with propargyl alcohols
Authors: Zhang Wande , Wei Shiqiang , Qu Jingping , Wang Baomin
Published: May 2021

A TsOH-catalyzed allenylation of pyrazolones with propargylic alcohols has been developed. The established reaction system is well tolerated by a wide scope of pyrazolones and propargylic alcohols.
Controllable patterning of nanoparticles via solution transfer processes
Authors: Zhang Min , Meng Lili , Deng Huanhuan , Liu Huan
Published: May 2021

Based on the coffee ring effect, we have reviewed the recent progress in controllable patterning of nanoparticles using solution transfer approaches, as well as the mechanism involved and the applications in various fields.
Tunable-emission microwire heterojunctions for optical waveguides
Authors: Xia Hongyan , Zhu Yibin , Chen Xueliu , Chen Tingkuo , Zhang Dao , Li Xiang , Shen Fangcheng , Jiang Haiming , Xie Kang
Published: May 2021

Different optical heterojunctions based on two kinds of polymer-doped microwires were fabricated. Due to the tunable energy transfer between spiropyran and CF and exciton conversion, waveguide logic gate, switch and modulator can be well realized.
Coping With Tinnitus During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Beukes Eldré W. , Onozuka Joy , Brazell Torryn P. , Manchaiah Vinaya
Published: May 2021

Purpose

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted normal operations of health care services, broad sectors of the economy, and the ability to socialize freely. For those with tinnitus, such changes can be factors in exacerbating tinnitus. The purpose of this study was to determine tinnitus help-seeking behavior, which resources individuals utilized to cope during the pandemic, and what additional support is desired.

Method

An exploratory cross-sectional study design including 1,522 adults with tinnitus living in North America (Canada and the United States) was used. Data were collected through an online survey distributed by the American Tinnitus Association via e-mail. Free text from open-ended questions was analyzed using the automated content analysis. The responses to the structured questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and nonparametric statistics.

Results

Significantly less tinnitus support was sought during the pandemic, and very few respondents utilized tinnitus support networks during the pandemic at the time the survey was conducted. Nonetheless, seeking support during the pandemic was significantly associated with significantly less tinnitus distress. The most frequently utilized resources for coping during the pandemic were contacting family and friends, spending time outdoors or in nature, relaxation, and exercise. Such tools for coping were associated with significantly less tinnitus distress. The support requested and advice provided by participants to health care services had overlap. The main support needs related to managing tinnitus included addressing hearing loss, providing peer support, finding cures, and accessing trained and understanding health care providers to help. The advice for professionals related to tinnitus management included the need for cures, personalized support, addressing hearing loss, targeting the tinnitus percept, and providing more information about the condition.

Conclusions

These findings provide suggestions on how to better support those with tinnitus at a time when health care is undergoing rapid changes. Findings can be used by stakeholders, clinical practitioners, and tinnitus support services to devise ways to work more effectively together to improve access to patient-driven, suitable, accessible, and evidence-based support.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14558514
Risk assessment of electricity transmission and distribution tariff regulation for power grid enterprises based on best-worst method and cloud model
Authors: Qi Ze , You Peipei , Fang Rengcun , Xu Zhao , Zou Yuxin , Guo Sen
Published: May 2021

The electricity transmission and distribution tariff policy of the second supervision cycle in China has formulated a much better electricity transmission and distribution tariff supervision system. In this context, the research on the risk related to electricity transmission and distribution tariff regulation faced by power grid enterprises is helpful for power regulatory agencies and business operators to identify and avoid risks in time and promote the sustainable development of electric power industry. Firstly, the risk evaluation criteria system is established. Secondly, a risk evaluation model based on the best and worst method (BWM) and cloud model for electricity transmission and distribution tariff regulation is proposed. Finally, the risk level of power transmission and distribution tariff regulation faced by four provincial power grid enterprises is evaluated. The validity and practicability of the proposed model in this paper are proved by the empirical analysis.
Research on Active Distribution Network Planning with Electric Vehicles and Distributed Generation
Authors: Wei Lingyan , Wang Bing , Wu Xiaoyue , Wang Fumian , Chen Peng
Published: May 2021

With the increasing number of Electric Vehicle (EV) and clean energy generation year by year, EV and distributed generation (DG) have become issues that have to be considered in active distribution network planning. Firstly, considering the time series characteristics of DG, the output time series model of DG is established; Secondly, the parking demand and space-time movement model of EV is established, and the Monta Carlo method is used to simulate the space-time distribution of EV charging load in different planning areas; Finally, taking the system investment and annual operation and maintenance cost, voltage index and environmental index as the objective function, and considering the node voltage, node current and DG installation capacity as constraints. The improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the planning model, and the access location and capacity of EV charging station and DG are obtained. Taking a distribution network as an example, the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm are verified.
Research on Zero Value Detection Technology of Porcelain Insulator
Authors: Mao Xiaopo , Zhou Xueming , Zhang Yaodong , Li Zijian , Huang Zeqi , Feng Zhiqiang , Ren Xiang , Fu Jianjin , Huang Junjie , Shi Tianru
Published: May 2021

High-voltage insulators are one of the devices widely used in power systems, and their pros and cons are directly related to the safe and stable operation of the power system. The large-tonnage UHV insulator AC withstand voltage detection method is restricted by conditions at the engineering site, and the detection efficiency is low and difficult to implement. The research on the method of detecting UHV zero-value insulators using high-voltage pulses and the development of portable detection devices are of great significance. This article has completed the portable insulator detection device using a miniaturized high-voltage pulse test power supply. The developed portable UHV zero-value insulator detection device can effectively judge zero-value, low-value and high-value UHV insulators, and adapt to large quantities of UHV insulators. Requirements for efficient testing.
NiFe LDH@Super P Nanocomposite as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Ren Li , Wang Jiaqi , Xue Bing , Li Fangfei
Published: May 2021

NiFe LDH (Layered Double Hydroxide) is a promising electrocatalyst for oxygen release reaction (OER), which is currently receiving more and more attention. Here, we propose a simple method to enhance the OER activity of NiFe LDH supported on Super P. The NiFe LDH@Super P catalyst with a nanoflower nanostructure was successfully synthesized via pre-hydrothermal treatment method, which ensures the normal nucleation process of the highly active NiFe LDH precursor and significantly promote the full contact of NiFe LDH and Super P in the three-dimensional space. The as synthesized NiFe LDH@Super P-2h sample exhibited excellent OER performances in alkaline media, and the overpotential is only 260 mV at a current density of 10 mA · cm-2. The outstanding OER electrocatalytic reaction performance is attributed to the unique three-dimensional nanoflower structure and excellent composite effect with Super P, which provides more specific surface areas and enables efficient transfer of electrons between them. This research work provides a simple and effective method for developing non-precious metal-based OER catalysts to replace expensive precious metal catalysts.
Methods on scheduling of hydro-photovoltaic complementary system
Authors: Fan Huiying , Yan Tianxiao , Guo Su
Published: May 2021

The hydro-photovoltaic complementarity is an important operation mode to promote the grid-connected absorption, and one of the main directions of solar energy development and utilization in the future. The paper expounds the principle of hydro-photovoltaic complementarity and the influence of the installed ratio on economy, also summarizes and analyzes the research results of hydro-photovoltaic complementary system operation scheduling methods. In view of the uncertainty of hydro-photovoltaic complementary generation, the paper proposes several suggestions and expectations for the study of hydro-photovoltaic complementarity, to provide ideas for improve the economy and reliability of short-term and large-scale hydro-photovoltaic complementary operation.
A Review on MPPT Control Methods of Photovoltaic Systems with DC bus
Authors: Li Yan , Li Shaowu , Fan Jingxun , Zhu Xianping
Published: May 2021

Maximum point power tracking (MPPT) technology is widely used to improve photovoltaic (PV) output power, and the traditional MPPT control methods are being used more and more widely. However, the PV system controlled by MPPT cannot be directly applied to the direct-current (DC) microgrid, and the output voltage is not stable, resulting in more than the DC bus rated voltage. Based on this problem, some researchers have proposed the control method with DC bus. At present, there are few researches on this control method in the world, the research status and process of this aspect are not discussed in detail. This paper analyzes and summarizes the PV system with DC bus of MPPT control method based on referring to the existing relevant literature, hoping to provide some help for the subsequent research and experiments of relevant researchers.
Research on Recognition of Electricity Fittings in High Voltage Transmission Lines
Authors: Lei He-dong , Gao Qing-feng , Lv Dong-rui
Published: May 2021

On the basis of analyzing the structure of common power fittings in high-voltage transmission lines and their image features, combined with the DNN deep neural network in machine learning, we proposed a model suitable for high-voltage transmission line inspection robots to identify the types of electric power fittings on the transmission lines. And design a fast ROI generation method suitable for recognizing fittings on power transmission lines. Then we verify the feasibility and rationality of the fitting identification model.
Finite Element Analysis of Mechanical Performance of Concrete-filled Steel Tube Composite Frame under Different Fire Time
Authors: Li Yucheng , Shao Yongming , Wang Xing
Published: May 2021

Research on the mechanical properties of concrete-filled steel tube composite frames at high temperatures is one of the current hot issues. In this paper, the finite element simulation software is used to analyze the concrete-filled steel tube composite frame, introduce the failure mode of the concrete-filled steel tube composite frame under high temperature, and deeply study the simulation results of the single-story mechanical performance. The single-span concrete-filled steel tube composite frame structure based on the analysis of the concrete-filled steel tube bearing capacity, including the role of each beam and column in different temperature fields, structural fields and coupling fields, as well as the role in the entire section. As the temperature increases and decreases, its mechanical properties will change significantly under the action of concentrated loads. The bearing capacity of the composite frame at high temperature is somewhat lower than that at room temperature. The research results can provide a reference for the reinforcement and repair of the steel tube concrete composite frame under high temperature.
Analysis of Value Creation Process of Platform-driven Scientific and Technological Innovation Value Chain: the Perspective of Informationization
Authors: Ya Sheng , Yue Liu , Man Zhang Shu
Published: May 2021

At present, the innovation environment of science and technology innovation platform is constantly changing, which has gradually changed from the situation of science and technology innovation among single elements to the information comparison among the whole innovation value chain. In this paper, science and technology innovation platform is divided into four types: pure research platform, industrial technology research platform, business incubation platform and public service platform. It deeply analyzes the informationization process of innovation value chain driven by science and technology innovation platform, including basic research, applied research, experimental development and commercialization. By analyzing the role of knowledge capital, technology capital, venture capital and other information resources in science and technology innovation platform, it explores the value flow among platforms. It is found that the stock capital and variable capital of scientific and technological innovation are not a transformation, but realize the increment and cyclic accumulation of income along the innovation chain step by step. The research expands the analysis scope of informatization theory, combs the value creation process of science and technology innovation platform, and contributes to risk avoidance and benefit distribution.
Research On Optimization Method of Fatigue Analysis for Nuclear Pipeline
Authors: Liang Yuan , Shengyong Liu , Jie Yang , Qiang Zhou , Guihe Zhang
Published: May 2021

The initial design life of nuclear power plant is 40 years. In 60 year life extending license application, the fatigue of component should be evaluated under the influence of the fatigue factors of the pressurized water reactor coolant environment. Because the original design used a more conservative analysis method, the result could not meet the requirement of Cumulative usage fatigue factor of RCC-M. An optimizing analysis method is studied, and as an example of application, optimizing fatigue analysis of Safety Injection Nozzle of Main Coolant Line is performed. The evaluation results show that the optimized fatigue analysis results meet the requirements of RCC-M.