bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bio-stabilization of toxic weeds (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara) implementing mono- and polyculture of Eisenia fetida and Eudrilus eugeniae
Authors: Das Dimbeswar , tangjang Sumpam
Published: March 2024

The present study investigates the synergistic impact of earthworms (Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae) and microbes during vermicomposting of invasive weed phytomass (Xanthium strumarium and Lantana camara). Evaluating both mono- and polyculture techniques, the research highlights the potential dual benefit of weed control and organic fertilizer production through vermitechnology. The study assesses vermicompost production, and physicochemical profiles such as pH, conductivity, total organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, trace elements, and heavy metals in the end product. The Ash content, humification index, and C/N ratio analysis were conducted to assess the maturity of the vermicompost. The macronutrient enhancement in the vermicompost samples was recorded 1.5–2.47-fold for total N, 1.19–1.48-fold in available P, 1.1-1.2-fold in total K, and 1.1–1.18–-fold in total Ca. The germination index reveals a significant reduction in phytotoxicity, suggesting the production of mature and suitable vermicompost for agricultural use. Further, the earthworm population and biomass has significantly increased by the end of the 60-day experimental trial.
Study on the sustained release behavior of a slow-release scale-inhibiting material
Authors: Xiao Yang , Hao RuoSong , Zhao Shicheng
Published: March 2024

The phenomenon of scaling has caused great damage in many industrial production sites, especially in oil and gas field production equipment, and adding scale inhibitors is currently the most effective and commonly used method. However, this method also has the disadvantage of not being able to continuously and effectively remove scale. When there is too little scale inhibitor, it cannot have the effect of scale inhibition, but excessive scale inhibitor may lead to pseudo scaling and serious pipeline corrosion, or even environmental problems. To solve this problem, in this paper, we designed to use the degradable material polylactic acid (PLA) as the carrier, and mixed PLA with the scale inhibitor ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMPA) to obtain the sustained-release scale inhibition material. The sustained-release performance of the composite material was investigated through static and dynamic release experiments, and at the same time, the inhibition rate of the scale inhibitor in the process of sustained release was also investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the morphology of the samples before and after the release of scale inhibitor, and the crystalline phases of calcium carbonate scale samples before and after the addition of scale inhibitors were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicate that the prepared composites can continuously release the scale inhibitor for more than 70 days, and have scale inhibition capability throughout the continuous release process. The scale inhibitor released by the slow-release scale-inhibiting material can both inhibit the formation of calcium carbonate and also destroy the calcium carbonate structure formed in the presence of the scale inhibitor, leading to lattice distortion and realizing continuous scale inhibition. This study provides a new strategy to realize the slow-release of scale inhibitors, and the prepared slow-release scale-inhibiting materials have a broad application prospect in the industry.
Inactivated Vaccine Dosage and Serum IgG Levels Correlate with Persistent COVID-19 Infection in Hematologic Malignancy Patients During the Omicron Surge in China
Authors: Ye Li , Yang Ye , Zhang Xuewu , Wang Lu , Zhu Li , Li Xia , Zhou Yile , Zheng Xiaolong , Zhou Xinping , Ren Yanling , Ma Liya , Xu Gaixiang , Yang Chunmei , Wang Huafeng , Zhou De , Yang Min , Ye Xingnong , Wei Juying , Yu Wenjuan , Qian Jiejing , Lou Yinjun , Xie Wanzhuo , Huang Jian , Meng Haitao , Jin Jie , Tong Hongyan
Published: March 2024

In hematologic malignancies (HM) patients, COVID-19 infections carry a significant risk of mortality due to disease status, treatment, and other factors.The risk factors of the severity and persistence of COVID-19 infections remains unclear. A study observed adults with HM diagnosed with COVID-19 from November 2022 to February 2023. Patient blood samples yielded biochemical data, with COVID-19 confirmed via RNA or antigen testing. In the examined cohort, 133 individuals diagnosed with HM and concomitantly infected with COVID-19 were scrutinized. Using advanced multivariate logistic regression, high C-reactive protein levels (≥100mg/L) significantly increased the risk of severe/critical conditions in HM patients with COVID-19 (OR: 3.415, 95% CI: 1.294-9.012; p=0.013). Patients enduring Omicron infection beyond 30 days were deemed persistent, in contrast to those achieving infection control within this duration. The research indicated that taking ＜2 vaccine doses (OR: 0.202, 95% CI: 0.048-0.857; p=0.030), having low IgG levels (＜1000 mg/dl) (OR: 0.129, 95% CI: 0.027-0.607; p=0.010), and increased interleukin-6 levels (≥12pg/ml) (OR: 5.098, 95% CI: 1.118-23.243; p=0.035) were key indicators of ongoing infection. A significant difference in survival rates was observed between patients with persistent and non-persistent infections, with the latter showing better survival outcomes (P<0.001). In conclusion, increased C-reactive protein levels had a higher likelihood of severe health outcomes for HM patients with COVID-19 infection. Persistent infections tended to be more prevalent in those with lower vaccine dosages, diminished IgG levels, and escalated interleukin-6 levels.
Edentulism and quality of life in the Salvadoran population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Escobar Guillermo Alfonso Aguirre , Cartagena Francisco José Rivas , de González Wendy Yesenia Escobar , de Rodríguez Katleen Argentina Aguirre , Pérez Manuel Bravo , Mesa Francisco , Siciliano Ana Lourdes Pérez
Published: March 2024

The impact of edentulism on quality of life was determined in 3322 users of the Public Health System of El Salvador aged 15 to > 60 years. Edentulism was determined by clinical examination using the Oral Impact on Daily Performance scale. We used χ2 tests and set the significance threshold at p < 0.05. The calculation of percentages, means, and standard deviations and multiple regression analysis were performed with SPSS v. 26.0. Partial edentulism in the upper jaw was present in 2269 people (68.24%), partial edentulism in the lower jaw was present in 2408 people (72.42%) and complete edentulism was observed in 67 people (2.02%). There were significant sex differences and a relationship between sex and quality of life (p < 0.004); the self-perception of severe/very severe impacts was greater in women. People without education or with primary or secondary education only were the most affected (p < 0.05). Tooth loss increases with age, affecting quality of life in a severe/very severe manner. Complete edentulism had greater impacts on quality of life in terms of eating (25.64%), speaking (21.15%), and socializing/enjoying contact with people (10.90%). A severe/very severe impact on quality of life of teeth lost was reported mainly by those over 60 years of age, with an average of 11 missing posterior teeth, 6 missing anterior teeth and 13 missing teeth per patient. Those missing up to 6 anterior teeth were 5.78 times more likely to perceive severe/very severe impacts on quality of life than those without any missing teeth. Edentulism affected the quality of life of those examined, especially the loss of upper anterior teeth.
Genetically proxied therapeutic inhibition of kidney function drug targets and type 2 diabetes in Africans: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Diawara Abdoulaye , Traore Mariam , Diabaté Oudou , Kintu Christopher , Saeed Ali Awadallah , Abiola Julianah Ore , Cisse Cheickna , Traore Kassim , Wele Mamadou , Nash Oyekanmi , Doumbia Seydou O. , Abbas Talib Yusuf , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Diakité Mahamadou , Fatumo Segun , Soremekun Opeyemi
Published: March 2024

Background:
Despite the growing number of treatments available for diabetics, many people fail to achieve their therapeutic goals. The complexity of diabetes prevention and control exacerbates the situation in low-income countries. These complexities include genetic factors, social, and financial burdens. Strategies for optimizing coverage for new drugs and clinical therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have focused on dual-use approaches for new or off-label indications. This study aimed to determine whether inhibition of kidney function drug targets have adverse effect on T2DM.
Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted based on genetic variants located in or near genes (in 300 kilobyte windows) for encoding significant drug targets. We used summary statistics of eGFR GWAS (n=80,027) of African ancestry individuals and GWAS datasets of T2DM (n=4,347 Africans in South Africa, Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya), to predict the effects of drug exposure on T2DM risk.
Results: Genetically predicted inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB) were associated with higher odds of T2DM incidence (OR, 2.66; 95% CI 1.34–3.78, and OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.34–3.28, respectively). Genetically predicted inhibition of SLC22A2 and inhibition of CLDN14 were not associated with T2DM occurrence (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.61-1.48 and OR, 1.56; 0.71–2.20, respectively).
Interpretation: Our results suggest VEGFA inhibitors and RHEB inhibitors drugs may increase the risk or exacerbate T2DM risk in Africans, hence a need for closely monitoring the safety and efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs in the African population.
Preserving Trust in the Doctor-Patient Interaction: Unveiling the Interactive Positive Evolutionary Process of Doctor-Patient Trust through fNIRS Evidence
Authors: Liu Yuting , Liu Yu , Zhang Mingming , Wang Pei
Published: March 2024

Background: Effective doctor-patient interaction plays a crucial role in fostering trust between doctors and patients. This study aimed to construct an interactive positive evolution model of doctor-patient trust by incorporating key influencing factors (interaction needs and interaction modes) in the doctor-patient interaction context, drawing from the interpersonal trust model. This new model includes three trust stages: the bounded rational trust stage, the knowledge-based trust stage, and the identification-based trust stage.
Methods: To validate the efficacy of the new model, interactive empirical experiments were conducted using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
Results: The behavior and fNIRS results revealed that the knowledge-based trust stage, characterized by mutual understanding, exhibited higher levels of doctor-patient trust, accompanied by increased inter-brain synchronization in the left inferior frontal gyrus, compared to the bounded rational trust stage. Furthermore, the identification-based trust stage, characterized by mutual positive feedback, demonstrated the highest levels of doctor-patient trust, with increased inter-brain synchronization observed in the bilateral temporoparietal junction and the right inferior frontal gyrus. Especially, the inter-brain synchronization results in the left temporoparietal junction region were positively correlated with the doctor’s trust.
Conclusions: Therefore, we confirmed the effectiveness of the interactive, positive evolution model of doctor-patient trust and provided neural evidence that predicts the development of doctor-patient trust. This trust model offers valuable guidance for both medical student education and patient education, illuminating the path toward more effective and empathetic healthcare practices.
Distribution of mental health diagnoses in relation to sexual orientation and gender dysphoria in a late adolescent community population
Authors: Gerdner Arne , Skoog Therése , Kapetanovic Sabina , Claesdotter-Knutsson Emma , Askelöf Susanna , Håkansson Anders
Published: March 2024

Background Few population studies have assessed the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders separately for sexual minority groups, and none in an adolescent population. Given the increased mental health problems in sexual minority groups combined, the present study aimed to describe prevalence of mental disorders in separate minority groups in community-recruited adolescents in Sweden.Methods The present study is based on two waves (at 17 and 18 years of age) of a longitudinal cohort study (N = 949; 56% girls). Diagnostic data of 20 mental health disorders (psychiatric, substance use, and addictive behavior disorders) for each group of sexual orientation (asexual, homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual) and gender dysphoria are reported, based on structured screening and subsequent diagnostic procedures.Results The largest prevalence of mental health disorders were detected in homosexual girls and in bisexuals of both genders. Among asexual individuals, and among homosexual boys, none of the participants fulfilled the mental health disorders assessed. Gender dysphoria was associated with a moderately higher number of mental health disorders.Conclusion Mental health services, both in specialized psychiatry and in community-based services targeting the mental health of adolescents, may need a particular focus on the screening and treatment of mental health disorders in bisexual individuals and in female homosexual individuals. Further research with larger samples is essential to better understand mental health in asexual individuals, young male homosexuals, and transgender populations.
Integrating geospatial data and multi-criteria analysis for mapping and evaluating the mineralization potential in the Dschang pluton (Western Cameroon)
Authors: Fozing Eric Martial , Jules Tcheumenak Kouémo , Sâga Sawadogo , Boris Chako Tchamabé , Ousmanou Safianou , Staelle Foka Koagne , Madeleine Nguimezap Marie , Maurice kwékam
Published: March 2024

Investigating lithological units and potential hydrothermal alteration areas using remote sensing, geographic information systems (GIS) and statistical analysis are indeed an essential method for geological exploration. In this research, we developed an algorithm for the identification and delineation of rock units and hydrothermal alteration mineral deposits in the Dschang area using multiple set of criteria derived from Landsat 9 OLI and ASTER data using False Color Composites (FCC), Band Ratios (BRs), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), and fuzzy-logic overlay methods. The multiple methods applied on these datasets clearly identified orthogneiss, granites and basalts and showed iron-oxides, ferrous, hydroxyl-bearing/carbonate, argillic, phyllic and propylitic mineral properties. The fuzzy overlay map identified domains depending on their mineralization prospective, serving as fundamental tool for prospective mineral deposit evaluation investigation, which was produced by merging band ratios and PC's alteration markers labelled very good and excellent and encompasses 0.8–0.9 and 0.9-1.0 respectively. From the statistical analysis of geochemical data point of view, the calcic and alkaline-calcic, strongly metaluminous to hyperaluminous I-type character of the Dschang granitoids proves their parent magma was fertile for mineralization in Rare Earths, Cu, Sn, Mo, and Zn. In addition, lineaments analysis illustrated the presence of three structural directions in the Dschang area (ENE-WSW to NE-SW, N-S to NNE-SSW, and NW-SE). The innovative aspect of this research is the integration and processing of Landsat 9 OLI, ASTER, and statistical analysis of previous geochemical data and investigation data, which allows for the identification of rock units and potentially mineralized rock formations and defining exploration targets.
Investigating the effect of Transactional Analysis training on the quality of life and marital intimacy of women with unplanned pregnancy
Authors: Cheraghi Zohre , Azar Fereshteh Farzan , Mehrabi Fatemeh
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
Unplanned pregnancy has adverse maternal-fetal and family consequences. This study aims to investigate the effect of Transactional Analysis (TA) training on the quality of life and marital intimacy of women with unwanted pregnancies.
Methods
In a semi-experimental study of pre-test and post-test types with a control group, among 250 volunteer women with unplanned pregnancies referring to Kausar Clinic in Arak city, 64 people were randomly assigned into two control and intervention groups. The intervention group received eight two-hour Transactional Analysis training on quality of life and marital intimacy. World Health Organization quality of life questionnaire - short form and Bagarozi marital intimacy questionnaire were completed by two groups before and immediately after the end of the intervention. Data were analyzed by chi-square, independent t and paired t tests in Spss version 26 software.
Results
The average age of participants was 31.2 ± 4.9 years. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean quality of life and total and all dimensions of marital intimacy scores of the intervention group and the control group before the intervention (Ƥ<0.005). A better increase in the quality of life in the intervention group (60.16 ± 5.6) compared to the control group (39.59 ± 5.46) and an increase in the average total score (intervention 283.14 ± 7.92 to control 186.81 ± 7.34) and all dimensions of marital intimacy in the intervention group were significant compared to the control group (Ƥ=0.001).
Conclusion
The results of the present study showed that Transactional Analysis training improved the quality of life and marital intimacy of women with unwanted pregnancies.
IL-6 as potential predictive biomarker of febrile seizures
Authors: Papež Jan , Česká Katarína , Loja Tomáš , Šána Jiří , Večeřa Marek , Jabandžiev Petr , Aulicka Stefania , Aulická Štefania
Published: March 2024

Background
Febrile seizures are the most common type of convulsions in children. Fever is induced by cytokines release during infection. Recent studies focusing on the identification of a possible role of cytokines in pathogenesis of febrile seizures have contributed conflicting results. Moreover, most of these studies investigated only a few cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα. The aim of this study was to investigate multiple cytokine-chemokine profiles that could be potentially associated with the development of febrile seizures.
Methods
Twenty-four febrile seizure cases (febrile seizure group) and two matched control groups were included in this study. Children with febrile illness without convulsion (febrile control group) and children without seizures and without fever (healthy control group) served as control groups. We investigated serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, CXCL10/IP-10, CCL2/MCP-1, CXCL13/BLC, TNFα, and fractalkine/CXC3CL1 in all children included in the study.
Results
The analysis of serum samples revealed a significant elevation of IL-6 (p = 0.0042) in the FS group compared to the febrile controls. Significantly higher levels of cytokines were also found in the FS group compared to healthy controls in IL-10 (p = 0.0039), TNFα (p = 0.0091) and MCP-1 (p = 0.0039).
Conclusion
Our study supports the hypothesis that IL-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of febrile seizures. We supposed that IL-6 could become a potential biomarker of the development of febrile seizures in children with febrile disease. This knowledge could be used in clinical practice to identify children at risk of developing of febrile convulsions.
Recent C4 vegetation decline is imprinted in atmospheric carbon isotopes
Authors: Lavergne Aliénor , Harrison Sandy , Atsawawaranunt Kamolphat , Dong Ning , Prentice Iain
Published: March 2024

How changes in the abundance and distribution of C3 and C4 plants are influencing the terrestrial carbon cycle is still unclear. Here, we use a simple C3/C4 distribution model based on optimality principles to investigate the impact of climate-related changes in C3 and C4 plants on global gross primary production (GPP) and atmospheric carbon isotopic discrimination (Δ13C). We estimate that the fraction of total C4 plants including natural grasslands and crops has decreased from 17.6% to 14.4% over 1982–2016, despite an increase in the fraction of C4 crops, reflecting the declining competitive ability of C4 photosynthesis as atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased. When ignoring this decline, the model predicts a strong increase in global GPP (18.6 ± 2.1 PgC) and slight increase in Δ13C (0.003 ± 0.001‰ ppm-1). However, when considering this decline, the increase in global GPP is slightly reduced (16.5 ± 1.8 PgC) and that of Δ13C increased (0.014 ± 0.001‰ ppm-1). The rate of Δ13C increase is consistent with independent atmospheric estimates but greater than that derived from another C4 distribution model. We conclude that the magnitude of the decrease in global atmospheric δ13CO2 can be partly explained by global changes in the distribution of C3/C4 plants.
The role of various physiological and bioelectrical parameters for estimating the Weight Status in Infants and Juveniles cohort from the Southern Cuba Region: A Machine Learning Study
Authors: Luna Taira Batista , Bello Jose Luis García , Carbonell Agustín Garzón , Montoya Ana de la Caridad Román , Lafargue Alcibíades Lara , Ciria Hector Manuel Camué , Zulueta Yohandys A.
Published: March 2024

Objective
This work is aimed to develop a machine learning predictions of weigh status derived from bioimpedance measurements and other physical parameters of healthy infant juvenile cohort from the Oncological Hospital, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Methods
The volunteers were selected between 2002 and 2008, ranging in age between 2 to 18 years old. In total, 393 female and male infant and juvenile individuals are studied. The bioimpedance parameters are obtained by measuring standard tetrapolar whole-body configuration. A classification model are performed, followed by a prediction of other bioparameters influencing the weight status.
Results
The results obtained from the classification model indicate that fat-free mass, reactance, and corrected resistance primarily influence the weight status of the studied population. Specifically, the regression model demonstrates that other bioparameters derived from impedance measurements can be highly accurate in estimating weight status
Conclusion
The classification and regression predictive models developed in this work are of the great importance for accessing to the weigh status with high accuracy of younger individuals at the Oncological Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
Binding Affinity Prediction with 3D Machine Learning: Training Data and Challenging External Testing
Authors: Gómez-Tamayo Jose Carlos , Cao Lili , Ahmad Mazen , Tresadern Gary
Published: March 2024

Protein-ligand binding affinity prediction is one of the major challenges in computational assisted drug discovery. An active area of research uses machine learning (ML) models trained on 3D structures of protein ligand complexes to predict binding modes, discriminate active and inactives, or predict affinity. Methodological advances in deep learning, and artificial intelligence along with increased experimental data (3D structures and bioactivities) has led to many studies using different architectures, representation, and features. Unfortunately, many models do not learn details of interactions or the underlying physics that drive protein-ligand affinity, but instead just memorize patterns in the available training data with poor generalizability and future use. In this work we incorporate “dense”, feature rich datasets that contain up to several thousand analogue molecules per drug discovery target. For the training set, PDBbind dataset is used with enrichment from 8 internal lead optimization (LO) datasets and inactive and decoy poses in a variety of combinations. A variety of different model architectures was used and the model performance was validated using the binding affinity for 12 internal LO and 6 ChEMBL external test sets. Results show a significant improvement in the performance and generalization power, especially for virtual screening and suggest promise for the future of ML protein-ligand affinity prediction with a greater emphasis on training using datasets that capture the rich details of the affinity landscape.
Choline and its Metabolites Trimethylamine and Trimethylamine N-oxide Potentially Predict the Risk of Small Vulnerable Newborn and the Development of 1-Year Infants
Authors: Xiao Xiaoqiu , Lin Xiaojing , Li Kemeng , Wang Zhuyun , Chen Chang , He Xiaoling , Qi Hongbo , Baker Philip , Saffery Richard , Zhang Hua
Published: March 2024

Background: The concept of Small Vulnerable Newborns (SVN), encompassing small for gestational age (SGA), low birthweight (LBW), and preterm birth (PTB) has recently proposed [1, 2]. Collectively, these births represent the main cause of neonatal mortality and specific interventions to address SVN have great potential to improve maternal and infant outcomes. Choline is an essential nutrient for many aspects of fetal development and metabolism, but despite this, upwards of 90% of pregnant women fail to achieve recommend adequate intake [3]. At present, the role of choline deficiency in pregnancy on SVN risk remains unclear.
Methods: Here, we measured choline and its metabolites, TMA an TMAO by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in first (11-14 weeks), second (22-28 weeks), and third (32-34 weeks) trimester plasma of 1231 pregnant women from the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) cohort to investigate the relationship between choline TMA, TMAO in pregnancy and the risk of SVN. We also explored the relationship of these measures with later infant developmental outcomes of SVN and non-SVN births including physical and brain development.
Results: Pregnant women with SVN births showed no differences in circulating choline throughout pregnancy but had significantly lower TMAO in the first two trimesters, and higher TMA in the third trimester, relative to non-SVN births. However, TMAO levels during pregnancy were positively correlated with the risk of SVN, while TMA levels were negatively correlated with the risk of LBW and PTB in SVN. Supporting findings included positive associationbetween TMAO during pregnancy and birth weight and birth length, while negative association between TMA and birth weight and birth length. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, inclusion of choline and its metabolites TMA and TMAO during pregnancy in the models markedly increased the predictive performance for the model which contained traditional risk factors for SVN including age, body mass index, fasting blood glucose , one-hour postprandial blood glucose, two-hour postprandial blood glucose, and placental growth factor. Moreover, during pregnancy, the TMAO was not only positively correlated with fetal development, but also with the development of postnatal offspring at six months old and 1 year old, while TMA was the opposite.
Conclusions: The abnormal choline metabolism is potentially associated with the risk of SVN and the development of fetus and postnatal offspring, with particular attention paid to the opposite association between TMAO and TMA in offspring development, which may be an effective means of preventing SVN and ensuring healthy fetal development.
Analysis of expression status and relationship between senescence- related genes and pancreatic function-related genes in human islets of various ages
Authors: Imamura Hajime , Adachi Tomohiko , Miyamoto Daisuke , Kin Tatsuya , Yamashita Mampei , Matsushima Hajime , Hara Takanobu , Soyama Akihiko , Eguchi Susumu
Published: March 2024

Background
Although studies on senescence-related genes using human islets have been performed, the expression of senescence-related genes and their association with functional genes in islets remain insufficiently investigated. We aimed to determine whether and what types of senescent related genes are expressed in islets and identify their correlations with pancreatic function-related genes by using islets from individuals of various ages isolated for islet transplantation.
Methods
Islet from deceased donors of both sexes and different ages were used for analysis. The expression status of senescence-related genes (GLS1, IL-6, IL-8, p16, p21, and SA-β-gal) and pancreatic function-related genes (GCG and INS) was examined by RT-qPCR, and their relationships with age were investigated.
Results
We obtained isolated human islets from 18 deceased multiorgan donors. There was no correlation between donor age and each senescence-related gene. Regarding correlations between donor age and pancreatic function-related genes, age was positively correlated only with INS (r = 0.49, p = 0.03). Meanwhile, INS expression was not correlated with GLS1 (r = 0.23, p = 0.34), IL-6 (r=-0.06, p = 0.79), or IL-8 (r=-0.1, p = 0.12), but positively related with p16 (r = 0.89, p < 0.0001), p21 (r = 0.51, p = 0.02), and SA-β-gal (r = 0.52, p = 0.02).
Conclusion
We did show the functional potential of even aged islets, which were originally thought to be functionally impaired. We were unable to identify any senescence-related genes expressed in islets from various ages. Therefore, a new index would need to be established to evaluate not only actual chronological age but also organ- and cell-specific age.
Lung volume reduction surgery by intra-bullous fibrin sealant application using thoracoscopy, an alternative in the management of vanishing lung syndrome
Authors: Zuo Ling , Wang Kaige , Li Weimin , Shi Jingyu , Tan Fen , Liu Dan , Luo Fengming
Published: March 2024

Background: To investigate the efficacy of lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) through the application of intra-bullous fibrin sealant using thoracoscopy in patients diagnosed with vanishing lung syndrome(VLS).
Methods: A retrospective analysiswas conducted on the clinical data of patients with VLS who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March 2022 and September 2023. Patients who met the inclusion criteria underwent LVRS and were followed up to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the technique.
Results: A total of seven male patients were included, with a median age of 61 years. The patients' post-operative activity tolerance, as assessed by the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test (CAT) score and the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), showed continuous significant improvement. Besides, five patients injected with at least 20 mL of fibrin sealant underwent successful reduction and received double-lumen endotracheal intubation while under anesthesia. The operation failed in two patients with fibrin sealant injection volume less than 12 mL. However, no significant postoperative complications were observed except for one patient with 20 mL pleural hemorrhage and a maximum of 28 days of postoperative air leakage.
Conclusion: The application of intra-bullous fibrin sealant through thoracoscopy is a safe and effective approach for managing VLS, resulting in minimal wound and fewer complications. The success of this strategy depends on using dual lumen tracheal intubation to block lung ventilation and applying the appropriate amount of fibrin sealant.
Retrospective trial registration: (Chinese Clinical Trial Center, registration number: ChiCTR2300078038, registered 2023-11-27)
Primary extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma with multiple organ invasion: A case report
Authors: Xu Yan , Niu Jumin , Zhou Yang , Nie Xiaocui , Liu Yansong
Published: March 2024

Background: Primary extrauterine endometrioid stromal sarcoma (EESS) are rarer tumors that occur outside the uterus and do not involve the uterus.
Case presentation: We report a case of low-grade extrauterine endometrial stromal sarcoma of the pelvic and colorectum. A 46-year-old woman, who complained of diarrhea with yellow mucus-like or elongated stools for more than 2 months, came to our hospital with colonoscopy and CT results that raised suspicion of colorectal cancer but also pathological examination results indicative of endometriosis. As the intraoperative pathology of the omentum and ovary revealed endometrial stromal sarcoma, and part of the sigmoid and rectum were obviously thickened and stiff, we performed cytoreductive surgery including removal of the uterus, bilateral fallopian tubes, bilateral ovaries, part of the colorectum, omentum majus, and metastatic lesions. Postoperative pathology revealed that the pelvic mass and segments from the colorectum were consistent with low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma. Long-term oral administration of Letrozole, 2.5mg/day and Farlutal, 500mg/day was prescribed. During follow-up of the patient, the pelvic peritoneal examination results were negative, and has remained disease-free at 48-months post-surgery.
Conclusion: We report a rare case of simultaneous endometrial stromal sarcoma of the pelvic and colorectum.
High hyperdiploid karyotype with ≥49 chromosomes represents a heterogeneous subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia with differential TP53 mutation status and prognosis: a single-center study from China
Authors: Zhang Zhiyu , Fu Chunmei , Sun Yingxin , Liu Yizi , Wang Qian , Yan Wanhui , Wu Chunxiao , Wang Qinrong , Zeng Zhao , Wen Lijun , Shen Hongjie , Yao Li , Liu Dandan , Chen Su-ning , Pan Jinlan
Published: March 2024

High hyperdiploid karyotype with ≥49 chromosomes (which will be referred to as HHK) is rare in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The European leukemia network (ELN) excluded those harboring only numerical changes (with ≥3 chromosome gains) from CK and listed them in the intermediate risk group, while the UK National Cancer Research Institute Adult Leukaemia Working Group classification defined ≥4 unrelated chromosome abnormalities as the cutoff for a poorer prognosis. Controversies occurred among studies on the clinical outcome of HHK AML, and their molecular characteristics remained unstudied. We identified 1.31% (133/10131) HHK cases within our center, among which 48 cases only had numerical changes (NUM), 42 had ELN defined adverse abnormalities (ADV) and 43 had other structural abnormalities (STR). Our study demonstrated that: (1) No statistical significance for overall survival (OS) was observed among three cytogenetic subgroups (NUM, STR and ADV) and HHK AML should be assigned to the adverse cytogenetic risk group. (2) The OS was significantly worse in HHK AML with ≥51 chromosomes compared with those with 49-50 chromosome. (3) Gaining of chromosome 11 alone was associated with a poorer prognosis in ADV subgroup. (4) The clinical characteristics were similar between NUM and STR group compared to ADV group. The former two groups had higher white blood cell counts and blasts, higher percentage of M5 and mutations associated with signaling, while the ADV group exhibited older age, higher chromosome counts, higher percentage of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) history, and a dominant TP53 mutation.
Inhalation motion analysis and visualization of error areas using two IMU sensors
Authors: Hasegawa Atsushi , Shimono Tomoyuki , Masaki Katsunori , Takano Shunya , Nakada Hideo , Hakamata Jun , Kabata Hiroki , Miyata Jun , Fukunaga Koichi
Published: March 2024

This paper proposes an inhaler-use behavior evaluation method that uses inertial sensors to monitor patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is common disease, and the accurate use of inhalers is vital to controlling its symptoms. However, many patients improperly use their inhalers. Hence, by augmenting an Ellipta™ inhaler with inertial measurement units, this study evaluates patient inhalation motions using the acquired motion data. Compared with conventional methods, ours is less affected by external factors, such as sound and temperature, and it can be applied outside clinical settings. Specifically, a linear discriminant analysis algorithm is provided for selecting characteristic variables for each error type, and a judgment method using these variables is proposed. A dynamic programming matching algorithm is then applied to determine correctness. Experimental results show that our method provides high discriminant accuracy, and it accounts for the similarity of waveforms, which allows us to visualize errors, unlike contemporary methods. We expect that our inhalation method and the accompanying dataset will offer valuable guidance for future research as well as useful feedback to patients.
The influence of nickel electrode's morphology on glucose detection
Authors: Hu Hailong , Ma Guohua , Guo Baogang , Zhang Xingquan , Xie Ruishi , Liu Haifeng , Huang Heyan
Published: March 2024

Different morphology metal nickel nanoelectrodes, such as nano spikes, layered nanosheets, layered flat particles, and hierarchical nanosheets were prepared on FTO glass by hydrothermal method, and were used to determine glucose concentration in aqueous solution under alkaline condition. All electrodes exhibit different electrochemical catalytic characteristics such as surface area, mass transfer, and catalytic rate in the progress of glucose oxidation. It was to note, larger surface area can produce a larger redox current in the absence of glucose, and a larger current noise, longer response time in the present of glucose. All of the electrodes have a similar surface coverage, and electrodes with larger surfaces have more Ni2+/Ni3+ redox couples and yield more redox current in alkaline solution. However, poor catalytic rate for glucose can result in low sensitivity for glucose detection for electrodes. That means not all of the redox couples on the electrodes surface involved in the glucose oxidation, even if the electrodes have large glucose coverage and more redox couples. Furthermore, electrodes with a larger surface area have larger surface roughness, which decreases glucose diffusion and results in a longer response time in amperometric detection.
PBP-A, a cyanobacterial DD-peptidase with high specificity for amidated muropeptides, exhibits pH-dependent promiscuous activity harmful to Escherichia coli
Authors: Dorrazehi Gol Mohammad , Winkle Matthias , Desmet Martin , Stroobant Vincent , Tanriver Gamze , Degand Hervé , Evrard Damien , Desguin Benoît , Morsomme Pierre , Biboy Jacob , Gray Joe , Mitusińska Karolina , Góra Artur , Vollmer Waldemar , Soumillion Patrice
Published: March 2024

Penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) are involved in biosynthesis, remodeling and recycling of peptidoglycan (PG) in bacteria. PBP-A from Thermosynechococcus elongatus belongs to a cyanobacterial family of enzymes sharing close structural and phylogenetic proximity to class A b-lactamases. With the aim of converting PBP-A into a b-lactamase, we expressed the enzyme in the periplasm of Escherichia coli but failed in directed evolution experiments and observed growth defect associated with the enzyme activity. To further explore the molecular origins of this harmful effect, we decided to characterize deeper the activity of PBP-A both in vitro and in vivo. We found that PBP-A is an enzyme endowed with DD-carboxypeptidase and DD-endopeptidase activities, featuring high specificity towards muropeptides amidated on the D-iso-glutamyl residue. We also show that a low promiscuous activity on non-amidated peptidoglycan deteriorates E. coli’s envelope, which is much higher under acidic conditions where substrate discrimination is mitigated. Besides expanding our knowledge of the biochemical activity of PBP-A, this work also highlights that promiscuity may depend on environmental conditions and how it may hinder rather than promote enzyme evolution in nature or in the laboratory.
Evaluation of Transformer-Based Neural Language Models for Writing Feedback and Automated Essay Scoring
Authors: Abraha Temesgen , Nazir Amril
Published: March 2024

Writing remains a challenging skill for many students due to inadequate feedback tools. There is a need to develop more effective tools for supporting students’ writing skill development. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of transformer-based neural language models for assessing and automatically scoring argumentative essays written by 8th-12th grade English Language Learners (ELLs). The students’ English essays were assessed and scored based on six criteria, including cohesion, syntax, vocabulary, phraseology, grammar, and conventions. The models were trained on real teacher feedback from 2700 scored essays. We also compared various transformer-based neural language models to find the most effective model. Several metrics were used for evaluation, with the root mean square error (RMSE) as the primary measure. The results show that a specific model, DeBERTa-v3-large, outperforms others in most categories. In conclusion, this study suggests that transformer-based neural language models, especially when using the DeBERTa-v3-large model, hold significant promise in improving automated essay scoring and feedback, potentially leading to enhanced writing skills among English language learners.
A study on the relative motion trajectory of lumbar pedicles under physiological loads in vivo
Authors: Huang Caiyun , Wen Wangqiang , Wu Jincheng , Chen Tao , Li Guojun , Tang Songjie , He Xiaoyuan , Chen Huanxiong
Published: March 2024

Purpose: There are limited data on the natural kinematics of the lumbar pedicle in vivo. This study investigated the range of motion of the lumbar pedicle screw insertion point when normal subjects moved under physiological loads.
Methods: Ten healthy volunteers aged 25 to 39 years were recruited. A combination of a dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS) and CT technology was used. With computer assistance, a three-dimensional reconstructed model of each segment of the lumbar spine was created by using the subject's lumbar spine CT and matched to dual oblique X-ray fluoroscopic images of the lumbar spine in different active positions captured by the DFIS. The combination can accurately reproduce the three-dimensional motion state of lumbar intervertebral bodies under physiological load. By measuring the changes in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the simulated pedicle screw insertion point, the in-body kinematic data of adjacent lumbar pedicles under physiological load were finally obtained.
Results: During flexion and extension, the lumbar pedicle screw insertion point deviated <3 mm along the cranial axis (P<0.05) and rotated <4° around the mediolateral axis (P<0.05). During left–right bending movements, the lumbar pedicle screw insertion point deviated along the mediolateral and cranial axes (P<0.05), with the largest deviation (<2.5 mm) on the mediolateral axis at the L3–4 segment, and rotated <5° around the anterior–posterior axis (P<0.05). During left–right rotation, the lumbar pedicle screw insertion point deviated <2 mm along the cranial axis (P<0.05). Its primary rotation axis was the cranial axis, <3° around the coupling axis and the anterior-posterior axis (P<0.05). There were differences in the deviation measurement of the left and right sides during flexion-extension and bending, as well as in the true distance of the pedicle screw insertion point during bending (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The movement patterns of the lumbar pedicles are inconsistent under different postures, and there is left and right asymmetric movement. Coupling will occur during complex movements.
Estrogen receptor (ER)- and progesterone receptor (PR)-dependent expression of NINJ1, a cell-surface executioner of active cell rupture, in breast cancer, with implications in prognosis
Authors: BERKEL CAGLAR
Published: March 2024

NINJ1 (Ninjurin 1) mediates plasma membrane rupture (PMR) during lytic phase in response to inducers of different programmed cell death mechanisms such as pyroptosis, which leads to release of inflammatory molecules such as HMGB1 and LDH. However, NINJ1 has not been studied in the context of breast cancer. Here, I found that NINJ1 transcript levels are higher in breast tumors than in non-malignant breast tissue. Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or progesterone (PR)-positive breast cancer cells have higher expression of NINJ1 than ER-negative or PR-negative breast cancer cells, respectively; and, this is independent of menopausal status. In contrast, NINJ1 expression does not differ based on HER2 status, another molecular marker used to define breast cancer subtypes. Lowest expression of NINJ1 is observed in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Tumor stage and race might also influence NINJ1 mRNA expression levels in breast cancer. More importantly, breast cancer patients with high NINJ1 expression have a more favorable prognosis than those with low NINJ1 expression. Higher NINJ1 levels in hormone receptor (HR)-positive (ER-positive and PR-positive) breast cancer might contribute to better survival rates observed in this patient group compared to breast cancer patients with HR-negative status. Mechanistic details of how NINJ1 influence antitumor immunity and patient outcomes in breast cancer remains to be studied.
Body composition, strength and muscle power indices at the different competitive levels of Futsal
Authors: Marques Catarina , Rebelo Miguel , Crisóstomo Rute , Batista Marco , Paulo Rui , Duarte-Mendes Pedro , Honorio Samuel , Serrano João
Published: March 2024

Background: The aim was to verify the differences in physical condition (body composition, power and muscle strength) in futsal players from three competitive levels.
Methods: Sixty-eight (24.26 ± 4.63 years) Portuguese futsal players participated in the study, divided into: elite, sub-elite and amateur. We used the Inbody270, the counter movement jump and the isokinetic dynamometer to assess physical condition, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare variables between groups.
Results: There were no differences in body composition between groups. Elite players had higher countermovement jump heights than amateur players (p < 0.001). There were significant differences in the isokinetic muscle strength of the knee flexors, with the elite players showing more strength than the amateur players (p = 0.047).
Conclusions: The elite players had higher physical condition parameters (more lower limb power and more flexor muscle strength) compared to the amateur players. We would point out that all groups had a high probability of lower limb muscle injury (H/Q ratio < 60%) at this stage of the sports season, alerting training professionals to the importance of individualised physical condition analysis.