bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigação Estrutural de uma região do Cerrito do Ouro, São Sepé, RS, e relações com Lineamentos Geomorfológicos e Magnéticos de direção NW
Authors: Moreira de Souza Ísis Caroline , Gregory Tiago Rafael
Published: December 2022

Em uma região do distrito de Cerrito do Ouro, São Sepé, RS, foi investigada a relação entre lineamentos magnéticos com orientação preferencial NW e ocorrências de sistemas de fraturas de mesma direção. A revisão bibliográfica sobre a tectônica rúptil da área e a integração com dados de sensoriamento remoto produzidos neste trabalho permitiram reconhecer e catalogar lineamentos geomorfológicos e magnéticos. Em campo, rochas e estruturas foram caracterizadas utilizando técnicas básicas de mapeamento geológico-estrutural e quantificação de densidade de fraturas. Os resultados indicam predominância de lineamentos geomorfológicos e fraturas de direção NE e, em seguida, de direção NW. As relações de campo mostram o sistema de fraturas NW cortando o sistema de direção NE, reativação de fraturas NE e fraturas E-W e N-S mais recentes que as demais. As anomalias magnéticas de direção NW apresentam uma assinatura mais intensa associada ao sistema de fraturamento de direção NW e, fora das mesmas, este fraturamento se torna menos frequente. Com isso, conclui-se que lineamentos magnéticos e geomorfológicos se correlacionam. Algumas ocorrências de diques de rochas máficas foram verificadas, associadas aos lineamentos magnéticos NW. Deste modo, as anomalias magnéticas NW, na área de estudo, representam zonas de fissuras NW, preenchidas por diques possivelmente alimentadores do vulcanismo Serra Geral, sendo deslocadas por sistemas de fraturas E-W mais recentes e, provavelmente, relacionados à abertura do Oceano Atlântico. O conjunto destas estruturas está inserido no Arco Estrutural de Rio Grande.
Qualidade de águas superficiais e subterrâneas para irrigação em um município do semiárido do estado do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Carvalho Alan Kellnon Nóbrega de , Souza Raquel Franco de , De Oliveira Suelen dos Santos
Published: December 2022

O município de Carnaúba dos Dantas/RN está localizado no semiárido nordestino e a agricultura local é uma importante atividade econômica na região, utilizando tanto águas superficiais quanto subterrâneas. Para avaliar a qualidade das águas eventualmente utilizadas para a manutenção das culturas, foram coletadas amostras para aferição de parâmetros em campo como condutividade elétrica, pH e sólidos totais dissolvidos, além de análises laboratoriais. Foram amostrados quatro corpos superficiais e sete poços tubulares, em um total de 11 amostras. Os resultados dos ensaios realizados em laboratório e a análise do gráfico da Razão de Adsorção de Sódio indicam que as amostras subterrâneas apresentam risco alto de salinização e baixo a médio para sodificação; a amostra CDD1 é inadequada para a irrigação. As amostras subterrâneas LAJ1 e XIQ1 apresentam qualidade semelhante as águas superficiais. Para a razão de magnésio, as amostras subterrâneas ERM1, GAR1 e CDD1 são inadequadas para a irrigação, e o índice de permeabilidade exibe resultados consistentes com a porcentagem de sódio, salinidade potencial e razão de Kelley, classificando essas amostras como inadequadas. As águas mais indicadas para irrigação, em geral, são as águas superficiais.
É hora de dissuadir a dissuasão?
Authors: Silva Marcos Valle Machado da , Macedo Carlos Eduardo Ribeiro de
Published: December 2022

À luz da relevância do conceito de dissuasão para as estratégias dos Estados, e da decorrente correlação entre o referido conceito e alguns armamentos específicos, este artigo busca discutir como a incorporação de um submarino de propulsão nuclear, pelo Brasil, pode contribuir para a geração de efeitos dissuasórios. Apoiado em registros passados e em teorias contemporâneas sobre o tema, o artigo examinou como funcionou a dinâmica dissuasória antes e durante a Guerra das Malvinas. Assim, utilizou-se o método do estudo de caso para evidenciar se e como os submarinos de propulsão nuclear do Reino Unido foram instrumentos de dissuasão ao longo de um conflito eminentemente naval. Após a contextualização teórica e a verificação de sua aplicação histórica, confirmou-se o argumento segundo o qual, para que a dissuasão, que se espera decorrer da aplicação operacional de um dado armamento, venha a surtir efeitos no nível político-estratégico, é necessário que essa aplicação esteja em concerto com uma grande estratégia nacional que dê demonstrações inequívocas da disposição estatal para o efetivo emprego desse dado armamento. Caso contrário, a dissusão poderá não ocorrer, haja vista que a dissuasão operacional não se reveste, automaticamente, em dissuasão político-estratégica.
Rússia e Ucrânia:
Authors: Mielniczuk Fabiano
Published: December 2022

A presente guerra entre Rússia e Ucrânia aturdiu um grupo bastante representativo de acadêmicos e diplomatas ocidentais. Entretanto, frente à então "inesperada" anexação da Crimeia, ocorrida em 2014, e o início do confronto no Donbass, tal postura seria no mínimo incauta. Esta análise de conjuntura tenta dar conta das origens do problema a partir da complexidade empírica da relação russo-ucraniana e da incapacidade teórica da disciplina de relações internacionais em perceber o círculo vicioso entre identidades e interesses, o qual foi fundamental para chegarmos à situação atual. À guisa de conclusão, sugere-se que a única alternativa para cessar a violência imediatamente seria a declaração unilateral da OTAN de uma moratória ao ingresso de novos membros, por um prazo bastante estendido, e o comprometimento de se iniciarem negociações sobre um estatuto de neutralidade militar da Ucrânia.
A Fitogeografia e a Fitossociologia enquanto subcampos da Geografia Física
Authors: Pinto David Mendes Macelli , Silva Francisco Ariel dos Santo , Diniz Simone Ferreira
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo tratar e contestar a conceituação da Biogeografia, enquanto um dos campos de estudos da Geografia; da Fitogeografia, subárea da Biogeografia, e da Fitossociologia, enquanto sub-ramo da Fitogeografia, demonstrando a estreita ligação entre estas e ciência geográfica. Como os processos metodológicos consistem em revisão de literatura sobre temática, análise documental em sítios eletrônicos, elaboração de esquema e quadro explicativo. A pesquisa distintamente que define um conjunto de conjuntos, a que compreendeu a espacialização e a organização das hortaliças, e principalmente, a biogeografia em partes como a dimensão espacial, a incluir uma organização das hortaliças. la-las.
Professores de Geografia do ensino médio: formação e práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Souza Almeida Santos Hanneli , Eugenio Benedito , Campos Pereira Sandra Márcia
Published: December 2022

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que analisou a formação e as práticas pedagógicas de docentes de Geografia do ensino médio. O aporte teórico empregado é o de Basil Bernstein, especificamente com o conceito de recontextualização e o método do ciclo de políticas. O tipo de pesquisa empregado foi o estudo de caso. Para a construção dos dados, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro professores de Geografia do ensino médio. Os resultados revelaram que as reformas curriculares nacional e estadual trouxeram mudanças negativas para os professores e para a disciplina, pois a influência de agentes do setor privado nas políticas e as demandas do mercado de trabalho, refletidas nas reformas, prejudicaram a recontextualização e a prática de ensino.
Interpregnancy interval and early neurodevelopment in offspring: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Ma Ruirui , Wang Peng , Yang Qiaolan , Zhu Yuanyuan , Zhang Lei , Wang Yuhong , Sun Lijun , Li Wenxiang , Ge Jinfang , Zhu Peng
Published: December 2022

Objective This study aimed to determine the correlation between
interpregnancy interval (IPI) and neurodevelopmental delay in infants
and to explore the potential mediating role of maternal-fetal glucose
metabolism. Design Population based cohort study. Setting China
Participants A total of 2559 mother-infant pairs between 2018 and 2022.
Methods The prospective birth cohort study included 2559 mother-infant
pairs. The IPI is calculated by subtracting the gestational age of the
current pregnancy from the interval at the end of the previous
pregnancy. Maternal fasting venous blood collection at 24-28 weeks and
cord blood collection at delivery. The association between IPI and
neurodevelopment was determined by logistic regression. Main outcome
measures Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months in offspring were
assessed by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Edition 3 (ASQ-3). Results
In our cohort, 14.0% had an IPI <12 months. IPI <12
months increased the failure of the communication domain, fine motor
domain, and personal social domain of the ASQ [relative risks (RRs)
with 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.75(1.13, 2.72); 1.77(1.13, 2.77);
1.51(1.01, 2.28)]. Maternal homeostasis model assessment of insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR) and cord blood C-peptide was significantly
associated with failure in the communication domain [RRs with 95% CI:
1.15(1.02, 1.31); 2.15(1.26, 3.67)]. The proportion of the association
between IPI and failure of the communication domain risk mediated by
maternal HOMA-IR and cord blood C-peptide was 14.4%. Conclusions IPI
<12 months was associated with failing the communication
domain in offspring. Maternal-fetal glucose metabolism abnormality may
partially explain the neurodevelopmental delay caused by short IPI.
Optimized operation of a controlled stirred tank reactor system for the production of mesenchymal stromal cells and their extracellular vesicles
Authors: Fernandes-Platzgummer Ana , Cunha Raquel , Morini Sara , Carvalho Marta , Moreno-Cid Juan , Cabral Joaquim , Silva Claudio Lobato da
Published: December 2022

The therapeutic effects of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have
been attributed mostly to their paracrine activity, exerted through
small-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) rather than their
engraftment into injured tissues. Currently, the production of
MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) is performed in laborious static culture
systems with limited manufacturing capacity using serum-containing
media. In this work, a serum-/xenogeneic-free microcarrier-based culture
system was successfully established for bone marrow-derived MSC
cultivation and MSC-EV production using a 2 L-scale controlled stirred
tank reactor (STR) operated under fed-batch (FB) or fed-batch combined
with continuous perfusion (FB/CP). Overall, maximal cell numbers of
(3.0±0.12)×10 and (5.3±0.32)×10
were attained at days 8 and 12 for FB and FB/CP cultures, respectively,
and MSC(M) expanded under both conditions retained their
immunophenotype. MSC-EVs were identified in the conditioned medium
collected from all STR cultures by TEM, and EV protein markers were
successfully identified by WB analysis. Overall, no significant
differences were observed between EVs isolated from MSC expanded in STR
operated under the two feeding approaches. EV mean sizes of 163±5.27 nm
and 162±4.44 nm (P>0.05) and concentrations of
(2.4±0.35)x10 EVs/mL and (3.0±0.48)x10
EVs/mL (P>0.05) were estimated by
nanoparticle tracking analysis for FB and FB/CP cultures, respectively.
The STR-based platform optimized herein represents a major contribution
towards the development of human MSC- and MSC-EV-based products as
promising therapeutic agents for Regenerative Medicine settings.
An exceptional case of durable remission achieved with reinfusion of CD19-directed CAR-T despite failure to induce B-cell aplasia and review of institutional experience with reinfusion of tisagenlecleucel
Authors: Galletta Thomas , Rubinstein Jeremy , Krupski Christa , Nelson Adam S. , Khoury Ruby , Dandoy Christopher , Davies Stella , Phillips Christine
Published: December 2022

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T lymphocytes (CAR-T) have led
to durable remissions in children with refractory and/or multiply
relapsed B-lymphoblastic leukemia. For those who relapse or lose B-cell
aplasia post-CAR-T, the role of CAR-T reinfusion is unclear. We report a
case of durable remission with tisagenlecleucel reinfusion despite
failure to achieve B-cell aplasia and compare this case to seven
additional children who received multiple tisagenlecleucel infusions at
our institution. Our experience suggests that reinfusion is safe and may
be a definitive therapy for a small subset of patients. Reinfusion can
also reintroduce remission and/or B-cell aplasia, allowing for
subsequent therapies.
Facile Design of Oxide-Derived Cu Nanosheet Electrocatalyst for CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Jang Juhee , Zhu Shangqian , Delmo Ernest , Li Tiehuai , Zhao Qinglan , Wang Yinuo , Zhang Lili , Ge Jingjie , Shao Minhua
Published: December 2022

Despite of superior performance of the oxide-derived copper (OD-Cu) in
producing valuable hydrocarbons during CORR, its
fabrication process is still ambiguous and complicated. In this work, we
develop a simple microwave-assisted method to synthesize the
oxide-derived Cu nanosheet (OD-Cu NS) and reveal that the oxidation
state of Cu species is controlled by varying the Cu precursor amount.
Notably, the simultaneous formation of nano-sized Cu domains influence
the surface roughness of OD-Cu NS. The partially oxidized Cu surface
exhibits a superior faradaic efficiency (FE) of C
products up to 72%, along with a partial current density of 55 mA
cm in a neutral KHCO solution. More
importantly, the as-obtained OD-Cu NS shows a synergetic effect on
dissociating of CO molecules by the strong binding
energy and promoting of C compounds productivity by
the enlarged electrochemical surface area. This work provides a new
insight for designing efficient OD-Cu catalysts towards
CORR.
Periodic and compacton travelling wave solutions of discrete nonlinear Klein-Gordon lattices
Authors: Karachalios Nikos I. , Hennig Dirk
Published: December 2022

We prove the existence of periodic travelling wave solutions for general
discrete nonlinear Klein-Gordon systems, considering both cases of hard
and soft on-site potentials. In the case of hard on-site potentials we
implement a fixed point theory approach, combining Schauder’s fixed
point theorem and the contraction mapping principle. This approach
enables us to identify a ring in the energy space for non-trivial
solutions to exist, energy (norm) thresholds for their existence and
upper bounds on their velocity. In the case of soft on-site potentials,
the proof of existence of periodic travelling wave solutions is
facilitated by a variational approach based on the Mountain Pass
Theorem. The proof of the existence of travelling wave solutions
satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions establishes rigorously the
presence of compactons in discrete nonlinear Klein-Gordon chains.
Thresholds on the averaged kinetic energy for these solutions to exist
are also derived.
Construction of velocity similarity graph for velocity field analysis in granular intruder motion
Authors: Navakas Robertas , Džiugys Algis , Misiulis Edgaras , Skarbalius Gediminas
Published: December 2022

We present a method based on graph community detection algorithms to
analyse velocity fields induced by an intruder particle impinging upon a
stationary bed of particles. Based on velocity relations between the
pairs of adjacent particles, the “velocity similarity” graphs are
built where the graph vertices represent the particles and the edge
weights are calculated according to the velocities of the respective
particle pairs. A few different expressions for the edge weights are
tested. Based on the graph, a Louvain community detection algorithm with
the “geographic” null model is used to identify the goups of particles
moving in a coordinated manner, represented in the graph as a community
of vertices, for which the community detection algorithms developed for
graph analysis can be applied. Selection of the expression of the graph
edge weights based on the velocities of the respective particles
influences the resulting graph structure and thereby has an influence on
the community detection results.
Surface and subsurface oceanographic features drive forage fish distributions and aggregations: Implications for prey availability to top predators in the US Northeast Shelf ecosystem
Authors: Goetsch Chandra , Gulka Julia , Friedland Kevin , Winship Arliss , Clerc Jeff , Gilbert Andrew , Goyert Holly , Stenhouse Iain , Williams Kathryn , Willmott Julia , Rekdahl Melinda , Rosenbaum Howard , Adams Evan
Published: December 2022

Forage fishes are a critical food web link in marine ecosystems,
aggregating in a hierarchical patch structure over multiple spatial and
temporal scales. Surface-level forage fish aggregations (FFAs) represent
a concentrated source of available prey for surface- and
shallow-foraging marine predators. Existing survey and analysis methods
are often imperfect for studying forage fishes at scales appropriate to
foraging predators, making it difficult to quantify predator-prey
interactions. In many cases, general distributions of forage fish
species are known; however, these may not represent surface-level prey
availability to predators. Likewise, we lack an understanding of the
oceanographic drivers of spatial patterns of prey aggregation and
availability or forage fish community patterns, generally. Specifically,
we applied Bayesian joint species distribution models to bottom trawl
survey data to assess species- and community-level forage fish
distribution patterns across the US Northeast Continental Shelf (NES)
ecosystem. Aerial digital surveys gathered data on surface FFAs at two
project sites within the NES, which we used in a spatially explicit
hierarchical Bayesian model to estimate the abundance and size of
surface FFAs. We used these models to examine the oceanographic drivers
of forage fish distributions and aggregations. Our results suggest that,
in the NES, regions of high community species richness are spatially
consistent with regions of high surface FFA abundance. Bathymetric depth
drove both patterns, while subsurface features, such as mixed layer
depth, primarily influenced aggregation behavior and surface features,
such as sea surface temperature, sub-mesoscale eddies, and fronts
influenced forage fish diversity. In combination, these models help
quantify the availability of forage fishes to marine predators and
represent a novel application of spatial models to aerial digital survey
data.
Clinical Investigation of Lymphocyte DNA Damage in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Doğan Hasan , Kara Aslı , Cankaya Erdem , Balkan Eda , Gürbüz Muhammet Ali , Kızılkaya Murat , Aykaç Merve
Published: December 2022

This prospective cross-sectional study, aimed to evaluate lymphocyte DNA
damage in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients. In this study, 50
COVID-19 positive patients attending Erzurum City Hospital Internal
Medicine Outpatient Clinic and 42 control group patients were included.
DNA damages were detected in living cells by lymphocyte isolation in 50
COVID-19- positive patients using the comet assay method. DNA tail/head
(olive) moments were evaluated and compared. White blood cell (WBC), red
blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), neutrophil (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM),
eosinophil (EO), monocyte (MONO), basophil (BASO), platelet (PLT),
neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The RBC, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and
monocyte means were significantly higher in the control group (p
< 0.05). Whereas HGB and neutrophile means were significantly
higher in the study group (p < 0.05). There were significant
negative correlations between COVID-19 and RBC (r = -0.863), LYM (r =
-0.542), EO (r = -0.686), and MONO (r = -0.385). Meanwhile, there were
significant positive correlations between COVID-19 and HGB (r = 0.863),
NEU (r = 0.307), tail moment (r = 0.598), and olive moment (r = 0.582).
Both the tail and olive moment mean differences were significantly
higher in the study group with higher ranges (p < 0.05).
COVID-19 infection statistically significant is increasing both the tail
and olive damage percentage in patients, causing DNA damage. Lastly, the
NLR rate was associated with the presence and progression of COVID-19.
The effect of road salt (NaCl) treatment on the hatching success of Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus.
Authors: Szklarek Sebastian , Górecka Aleksandra , Jóźwiak Piotr , WOJTAL-FRANKIEWICZ Adrianna
Published: December 2022

Salinization is an emerging problem for freshwater biodiversity. Road
salt treatment results in salinization of local freshwater, influencing
its entire ecosystem throughout the year. The present study examines the
impact of road salt on the hatching success of two zooplankton species,
Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus, using pure laboratory lines
from MicroBioTest. Hatching success was determined without incubation
(T0) and after 3, 7 and 28 day of incubation at 5°C (T3, T7 and T28,
respectively). The number of hatchings decreased with increasing NaCl
concentration for T. platyurus, and decreased rapidly after a crucial
value of 7 600 mg NaCl/L for D. manga. At the second hatching (eggs
washed after first incubation and put into standard freshwater), D.
manga demonstrated a low hatching rate regardless of NaCl concentration,
while most T. platyurus hatchings were observed at the highest NaCl
concentration; hence, the highest (15 200 mg/L) and lowest (1 900 mg/L)
NaCl concentrations resulted in similar total hatching for the two
species. The incubation time (T0, T3, T7 and T28) in NaCl at 5°C had no
significant impact on hatching success; however, T28 resulted in
significantly lower hatching success at all NaCl concentrations and
controls. No significant differences in hatching success were noted if
the eggs were first washed after incubation in NaCl and then put into
the standard freshwater for hatching.
Novel therapeutic approaches to target neurodegeneration
Authors: Fuente Alerie Guzman de la , Pelucchi Silvia , Mertens Jerome , Luca Mónica Di , Mauceri Daniela , Marcello Elena
Published: December 2022

Ageing is the main risk factor common to most primary neurodegenerative
disorders. Indeed, age-related brain alterations have been long
considered to predispose to neurodegeneration. Although protein
misfolding and the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates have been
contemplated as causative events in neurodegeneration, several
biological pathways affected by brain ageing are also contributing to
pathogenesis. Here, we discuss the evidence showing the involvement of
the mechanisms controlling neuronal structure, gene expression,
autophagy, cell metabolism, and neuroinflammation in the onset and
progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, we review the
therapeutic strategies currently under development or as future
approaches designed to normalize these pathways, which may then boost
brain resilience to cope with toxic protein species. Therefore, in
addition to therapies targeting the insoluble protein aggregates
specifically associated with each neurodegenerative disorder, these
novel pharmacological approaches may be part of combined therapies
designed to rescue brain function.
Assessing Changes in Coastal Hazards at Regional Level : Method and Case Studies
Authors: Igigabel Marc , Yates Marissa , Vousdoukas Michalis I. , Diab Youssef
Published: December 2022

The evolution of coastal hazards in the context of climate change has
been addressed at the regional scale by studying the height and
frequency of extreme sea levels (ESL). However, sea level is not the
only factor determining the hazard changes that can be used at this
scale. Therefore, this article proposes an assessment method of coastal
hazard changes integrating other determinants: geographical
configurations (continental or island), tidal regimes and meteo-oceanic
event types. This method, applied to the coasts of France (mainland and
overseas), reveals significant differences in the evolution of coastal
hazards: coasts subjected to high tidal ranges and storms (e.g.,
Atlantic, English Channel and North Sea) will experience a relatively
moderate evolution of the hazard, thanks to «training» for the future
conditions that present-day high variations constitute. Conversely, the
microtidal shorelines of temperate latitudes (e.g., those of the
Mediterranean) benefit from only a small variability generated mainly by
storm surges, and are therefore poorly prepared for sea level rise. The
situation of the small tropical islands is of particular concern: with
the passage of cyclones these territories are subjected to very
energetic sea states, but by their form, the surges remain moderate,
which constitutes, as well as the low tidal ranges, a limiting factor
for preparing for sea level rise. In addition to this approach at the
regional level, geological, sedimentary and biological evolutions, as
well as local hydraulic phenomena, should be considered to assess at a
finer spatio-temporal scale the hazard changes.
Comparison of CMIP5 and CMIP6 high-resolution simulations for soil erosion response to climate and land use changes over China
Authors: Weng Xuerou , Zhu Jinxin , Wang Dagang , Wang Shuo , Qiu Jianxiu
Published: December 2022

Soil erosion is impacted by climate and land use changes which need to
be quantified to assess future risks and to design efficient soil
conservation measures. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
(CMIP5) simulations have provided the basis for most such assessments
and yet are being gradually superseded by more recent simulations from
Phase 6 (CMIP6). The High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project
(HighResMIP) experiment in CMIP6 adds value over the downscaled CMIP5
simulations by improving process representation in the global climate
system. Our study investigates and compares high-resolution model
simulations from CMIP6 against CMIP5. Model evaluation for the reference
period (1986–2005) indicates that the CMIP6 model outperforms the
regional climate models (RCM) from CMIP5 for better circulation
simulations, but both overestimate soil erosion in China. The average
projected soil erosion increases by 27.85 from CMIP5 and 20.03
t·hm-2·a-1 from the CMIP6 model with remarkable geographical
heterogeneity. Soil erosion is projected to decrease in black soil
regions, purple soil regions, and karst regions from CMIP6 results,
which is opposite to the increasing trend found in those regions from
CMIP5. Land use and climatic changes contributed 51.68% and -5.92%
respectively from CMIP5 simulations while 35.74% and -13.77% from
CMIP6 to the increased soil erosion rate. The negative contribution of
land use change is gradually intensified with the CMIP6 model
representing finer-scale processes of converting land-use type into
cropland, pasture, and urban land. Overall, the CMIP6 projections
provide a less severe soil erosion situation while addressing the need
to pursue soil conservation more.
Chimney-like intense pelagic upwelling in the center of basin-scale cyclonic gyres in large Lake Geneva
Authors: Hamze-Ziabari Seyed Mahmood , Lemmin Ulrich , Foroughan Mehrshad , Reiss Rafael S. , Barry D. Andrew
Published: December 2022

Basin-scale quasi-geostrophic gyres are common features of large lakes
subject to Coriolis force. Cyclonic gyres are often characterized by
dome-shaped thermoclines that form due to pelagic upwelling which takes
place in their center. At present, dynamics of pelagic upwelling in the
Surface Mixed Layer (SML) of oceans and lakes are poorly documented. A
unique combination of high-resolution 3D numerical modeling, satellite
imagery and field observations allowed confirming for the first time in
a lake, the existence of intense pelagic upwelling in the center of
cyclonic gyres under strong shallow (summer) and weak deep (winter)
stratified conditions/thermocline. Field observations in Lake Geneva
revealed that surprisingly intense upwelling from the thermocline to the
SML and even to the lake surface occurred as chimney-like structures of
cold water within the SML, as confirmed by Advanced Very High-Resolution
Radiometer data. Results of a calibrated 3D numerical model suggest that
the classical Ekman pumping mechanism cannot explain such pelagic
upwelling. Analysis of the contribution of various terms in the
vertically-averaged momentum equation showed that the nonlinear
(advective) term dominates, resulting in heterogeneous divergent flows
within cyclonic gyres. The combination of nonlinear heterogeneous
divergent flow and 3D ageostrophic strain caused by gyre distortion is
responsible for the chimney-like upwelling in the SML. The potential
impact of such pelagic upwelling on long-term observations at a
measurement station in the center of Lake Geneva suggests that caution
should be exercised when relying on limited (in space and/or time)
profile measurements for monitoring and quantifying processes in large
lakes.
Assessment of Arctic Sea Ice and Surface Climate Conditions in Nine CMIP6 Climate Models
Authors: Henke Martin , Ferreira Celso M , Zhang Jinlun , Ravens Thomas , Miesse Tyler Will , Cassalho Felício
Published: December 2022

The observed retreat and anticipated further decline in Arctic sea ice
hold strong climate, environmental, and societal implications. In
predicting climate evolution, ensembles of coupled climate models have
demonstrated appreciable accuracy in simulating sea ice area and volume
trends throughout the historical period. However, individual climate
models still show significant differences in simulating the sea ice
thickness distribution. To better understand individual model
performance in sea ice simulation, nine climate models previously
identified to provide plausible sea ice decline and global temperature
change were evaluated in comparison with Arctic satellite and reanalysis
derived sea ice thickness data, sea ice extent records, and atmospheric
reanalysis data of surface wind and air temperature. Assessment found
that the simulated spatial distribution of historical sea ice thickness
varies greatly between models and that several key limitations persist
among models. Primarily, most models do not capture the thickest regimes
of multi-year ice present in the Wandel and Lincoln Seas; those that do,
often possess erroneous positive bias in other regions such as the
Laptev Sea or along the Eurasian Arctic Shelf. From analysis, no model
could be identified as performing best overall in simulating historic
sea ice, as model bias varies regionally and seasonally. Nonetheless,
the bias maps and statistical measures derived from this analysis should
enhance understanding of the limitations of each climate model. This
research is motivated in-part to inform future usage of coupled climate
model projection for regional modeling efforts and enhance climate
change preparedness and resilience in the Arctic.
El-Niño-related stratification anomalies over the continental slope off Oregon in summer 2014 and 2015
Authors: Kurapov Alexander L.
Published: December 2022

Over the continental slope off Oregon at the US West Coast, at 44.6N,
vertical stratification is found to be anomalously weak in July-August
of 2014 and 2015 both in a regional ocean circulation model and
Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) profile observations. To understand
the responsible mechanism, we focus on the layer between the isopycnal
surfaces $\sigma_\theta=26.5$ and 26.25
kg/m3 that is found between depths 100-300 m and represents material
properties characteristic of the slope poleward undercurrent and
shelf-slope exchange. This layer thickness, about 50 m on average, can
be twice as large during the above-mentioned periods. In the 2009-2018
model analysis, this anomaly is revealed over the continental slope only
in summers 2014 and 2015 and only off the Oregon and Washington coasts
(40-47N). The stratification anomaly is explained as the effect of
advection of the seasonal alongslope potential vorticity (PV) gradient
by an anomalously strong poleward slope current. In the annual cycle,
the zone of strong alongslope PV gradient is found between 40-47N,
supported by the local upwelling that results in the injection of the
large PV in the bottom boundary layer over the shelf followed by its
offshore transport in the slope region. The positive alongslope current
anomaly propagates to Oregon with coastally trapped waves as part of the
El Niño oceanic response and can be up to 0.1 m/s. Advection by this
anomalous poleward current results in transporting the seasonal PV
gradient earlier in the season than on average.
Bioethical and social constructions of life extension and longevity
Authors: Mitrovic Veselin
Published: December 2022

This paper explores life span extension and longevity as one aspect of life
course, focusing on the bioethical and social implications of the rise of
longevity in modern societies. We juxtaposed Potter?s categorisation of
types of survival with the opposing views about life extension. This ethical
and ideological contrast is especially pro?nounced when it comes to human
enhancement, which improves human capacities and functioning above and
beyond the statistical norm of human health. In the medi?um and long term,
these interventions would change not only the human species, but also social
roles and relation?ships. The crux of social and bioethical concern could be
expressed through the questions: from what age do we start extending human
life, and for whom? Does the exten?sion of life lead to the re-establishment
of our social roles from youth, or is it just a romantic image of our
previous life stage? This study concludes that both paternalistic approaches
to life extension and those avoiding modern medical treatments of diseases
related to aging are faced with similar epistemological and social
reductionism.
A Preliminary Study on the Potential Mechanism of Notch Signaling Pathway in the Regulation of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Tang Jiqin
Published: December 2022

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHNL) is a sudden onset of unexplained sensorineural hearing loss. Studies have shown that the number of patients with SSNHL is increasing year by year, and the average age is decreasing, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Its pathogenesis is complex and the mechanisms of hearing loss caused by various causes are quite different, but no matter what the cause is, it is ultimately related to the damage and loss of the inner ear structural hair cells (HCs) and their associated spiral ganglion cells (SGCs). Studies have shown that the Notch signaling pathway can regulate the development of the inner ear and nervous system in mammals. Hes family, Math1, DNER, Wnt signaling, and the lateral induction and lateral inhibition of Notch signaling related to the Notch signaling pathway are all key factors for the differentiation and development of HCs and SGCs. Based on the existing research, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic summary, summarizes the importance of HCs and their afferent partner SGCs in SSNHL, and the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and the existence of the two, to provide a reference for clinical treatment of SSNHL in the future.
A Case of Laryngitis without Hoarseness Caused by Coxsackie virus In Group B
Authors: Yongping Han
Published: December 2022

A rare laryngitis patient who had no obvious inducement to severe laryngeal pain but had silent hoarseness, laryngoscopy showed only herpes, congestion and edema in the laryngeal cavity mucosa. After intravenous administration of acyclovir and methylprednisolone, the symptoms of laryngeal pain were significantly alleviated on the same day and recovered in 5 days. Through the diagnosis and treatment of this patient, it is suggested that Coxsackie virus B can only invade the laryngeal cavity mucosa and sensory nerve endings without invading the vocal cords.
Buccinator Flap in Reconstruction of the Floor of the Mouth: A Case Report
Authors: Ruggeri Carlos Santiago
Published: December 2022

The reconstruction of defects in the oral cavity after oncological resections can be performed with different techniques. Small and moderate defects can be reconstructed with local flaps. The buccinator myomucosal flap has the advantages of being in the same surgical field, have a similar tissue to the area to be reconstructed and due to its different vascular pedicles, it allows various rotation options. We describe the case of a patient who had a squamous cell carcinoma in the floor of the mouth, in whom a resection of the tumor and a marginal mandibulectomy were performed. The defect was successfully reconstructed with a buccinator myomucosal flap with an anterior inferior pedicle.
Epidemiological and Etiological Aspects of Hearing Impairment in Patients at the Renaissance University Hospital in N'Djamena, Chad
Authors: Taoussi Aboubakar Assidick
Published: December 2022

Background: Hearing impairment is a common disability affecting approximately 360 million people worldwide, with around 75% of cases occurring in developing countries. The causes of this condition are diverse. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, describe the socioprofessional profile and identify the main etiologies of patients with hearing impairment in a tertiary care hospital in N'Djamena, Chad. Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study, conducted from November 1st, 2020 to October 31st, 2021 at the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of the Renaissance University Hospital in N'Djaména, Chad. All patients, aged 6 years and above that were consulted for hearing impairment, were included. They were all submitted to a clinical and audiometric examination. Results: This study ascertained the hospital prevalence of 22.5%. The sex ratio (male/female) was 3.08. The median age of patients was 35 years with an age range of 7 to 90 years. Students accounted for 24.4% of the cases. Conductive hearing loss was noted in 46.8%, sensorineural hearing loss in 37.2% and mixed hearing loss in 16% of the study population. Regarding the etiology, chronic suppurative otitis media was observed in 24.5% of the patients, presbycusis in 12.8%, seromucous otitis media in 11.7%, acoustic trauma in 10.6% and head trauma in 9.6%. Conclusion: Hearing impairment is common in ENT consultations. Most causes are due to chronic otitis media, trauma and aging. There are many preventable causes, therefore, the health care system capacity must be scaled up to address growing needs, particularly in low-income settings, which should prompt health policy makers to take appropriate action.
Otologic Surgery in a Tropical Environment: About 56 Cases were Operated on at the Yaounde General Hospital-Cameroon
Authors: Nkouo Yves Christian Andjock
Published: December 2022

Introduction and Aims : Ear surgery is a separate entity in the surgical activity of ENT department. In ENT services in developed countries, this activity has become routine. Several data on the activity of otologic surgery in Western teams are available. This surgery is performed in our tropical environment, characterized by under-equipment and poor access to care. But few data from the sub-Saharan African series are reported. To contribute to the understanding of this entity, we conducted this study in the ENT service of the Yaounde General Hospital (YGH), Cameroon. The general objective was to study the practice of ear surgery in our setting. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study. The study took place from June 2016 to June 2021, i.e. 5 years. The study was conducted in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery service of the YGH. The sampling was consecutive. We included in this study all patients with an otological disease, treated surgically during the study period. Sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data were collected. Results: Our sample consisted of 56 operated patients, out of a total of 330 surgeries performed during the study period. This represents a frequency of 16.96%. The distribution of patients according to sex was 33 women and 23 men, i.e. a sex ratio of 0.69 in favor of women. The distribution of the patients in the sample according to age showed an average age of 36.98 years, with extremes ranging from 3 years to 92 years. 55 patients, i.e. 98.2%, were undergoing their first otological surgery, and only one patient had already undergone a previous operation. 49 patients (87.5%) had a symptomatology that had been evolving for more than three months. And 7 (12.5%) had acute or sub-acute symptoms. The main pathologies found and operated on were: open non cholesteatoma chronic otitis with 19 patients (33.92%), otomastoiditis with 9 cases (16.01%), cholesteatoma chronic otitis with 8 cases (14.28%), followed by other pathologies such as otoscléroses, osteomas of the external auditory canal, etc. with 7 cases (12.5%). The most common surgical procedure was tympanoplasty with 19 cases (33.9%), mastoidectomy with 9 cases (16.1%), petro-mastoidectomy with 8 cases (14.3%), extraction of foreign bodies from the auditory canal with 5 cases (8.9%) and cochlear implantation with 4 cases (7.1%). 4 patients, i.e. 7.2%, presentedcomplications (4 infectious, 1 complaining of tinnitus). 55 patients, i.e. 98.2%, saw an improvement in their symptoms with a favorable evolution. Conclusion: The non-negligible frequency found in our practice at the YGH reflects the definite evolution of this surgery in our environement. The patients are young, chronic open otitis media without cholesteatoma are the main indication, and tympanoplasty is the most practiced surgical modality.
Ajustes da indústria brasileira pós crise mundial de 2008
Authors: DE PINHO MARIA ISADORA GOMES DE PINHO , Alves Christiane Luci Bezerra
Published: December 2022

O resultado dos longos períodos de ajustes na economia brasileira tem proporcionado crescentes debates acadêmicos relativos ao comportamento da indústria brasileira diante das mudanças macroeconômicas pós crise econômica de 2008. Este trabalho objetiva analisar o desempenho da indústria doméstica diante dos ajustes impostos pela conjuntura externa e interna, subsequente à referida crise. Utiliza-se de abordagem exploratório-descritiva, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e dados secundários. A política desenvolvimentista adotada pelo governo Lula e o cenário macroeconômico pré-crise, que combinaram crescimento econômico com redução das desigualdades sociais, foram decisivos na proteção da economia dos efeitos iniciais da crise de 2008.
Comércio bilateral Brasil-EUA: uma análise da composição setorial das pautas de exportações e importações de 2000 a 2019
Authors: Mendonça de Oliveira Bruna , Alvim Franchini Alinne , Vítor de Souza Veloso Manoel
Published: December 2022

Os Estados Unidos representam um importante parceiro comercial do Brasil, sendo que por muitos anos ocuparam a posição de principal destino das exportações brasileiras. O objetivo do artigo é examinar a relação comercial Brasil-EUA, por meio da análise da composição setorial das pautas comerciais brasileiras, entre 2000 e 2019. Os resultados mostram que o Brasil importa produtos com maior intensidade tecnológica e exporta produtos, em sua maioria, de baixo nível tecnológico. Assim, conclui-se que o País necessita de uma mudança na estrutura produtiva, priorizando a participação de produtos de maior intensidade tecnológica na sua pauta exportadora.
Os efeitos do desenvolvimento do agronegócio no Brasil: os casos do MATOPIBA e do Centro-Oeste Brasileiro
Authors: Gringo de Assunção Matheus , Álvares de Lima Depieri Marcelo
Published: December 2022

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos do desenvolvimento do agronegócio nas regiões do MATOPIBA e do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Na primeira seção, foi feita uma apresentação do desenvolvimento do agronegócio no Brasil e uma análise da evolução recente da estrutura fundiária brasileira, cotejando as informações presentes nos Censos agropecuários de 2006 e 2017. A seguir, foi caracterizado o modelo de desenvolvimento do agronegócio brasileiro e seus efeitos econômicos, sociais e ambientais, a partir de informações secundárias presentes em relatórios e bibliografia sobre o tema. Por fim, nas considerações finais, foi realizada uma síntese explicativa do significado do agronegócio em termos do desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil.
A metodologia de Imre Lakatos e o Programa de Pesquisa Keynesiano
Authors: Silva José Alderir da
Published: December 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma aplicação da metodologia de Programas de Pesquisa Científica de Lakatos ao programa de pesquisa keynesiano. O artigo inicia com uma breve discursão sobre os principais autores da filosofia da ciência e em seguida expõe o falseacionismo metodológico de Lakatos. A teoria clássica foi predominante na ciência econômica até a década de 1930, quando surgiu Keynes modificando o que até então era denominada por economia política. Keynes provocou uma revolução na teoria econômica, abandonando quase que por completo os teoremas da teoria clássica e criando um novo campo do conhecimento, a macroeconomia. Esse conjunto de teorias e conceitos e sua aplicação em uma economia monetária constituíram um novo programa de pesquisa na economia, que nos conceitos de Lakatos, pode ser considerado teoricamente e empiricamente progressivo.
Pressões inflacionárias do lado da oferta: uma análise dos desafios da economia brasileira no período 2019-2021
Authors: Paiva Ramos André , Corrêa de Lacerda Antonio
Published: December 2022

O Brasil convive com um conjunto de adversidades, especialmente econômicas e sociais. As pressões inflacionárias combinadas com a deterioração do mercado de trabalho têm impulsionado a pobreza, a insegurança alimentar e a vulnerabilidade social. Diante dessa situação, torna-se imprescindível a autoridade monetária, em conjunto com as demais instituições públicas, realizar um diagnóstico adequado das causas da inflação, que, no caso, foi muito impactada por fatores de oferta. Além dos impactos da desvalorização da taxa de câmbio e do aumento dos preços internacionais das commodities, o elevado grau de concentração de mercado e o potencial exercício de poder de mercado em alguns segmentos são fatores que estão afetando significativamente o custo de vida da população, como no caso do óleo de soja. Apenas com um diagnóstico macro e microeconômico adequado é possível implementar um conjunto de medidas para fomentar o desenvolvimento econômico e social do país de longo prazo.
Orçamento Federal x Direito à Saúde
Authors: Funcia Francisco
Published: December 2022

A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil considera a saúde como “direito de todos e dever do Estado”, cujo acesso universal e integral da população a esses serviços deve ser garantido por meio da integração entre as políticas de saúde, sociais e econômicas. Nessa perspectiva, o financiamento suficiente, adequado e estável do Sistema Único de Saúde é uma das condições para a programação orçamentária capaz de efetivar o direito à saúde. O orçamento público como um instrumento em que se expressa as prioridades governamentais na alocação dos recursos para a prestação de serviços para a sociedade. O SUS tem enfrentado um processo de subfinanciamento crônico, agravado pelo desfinanciamento a partir da promulgação da Emenda Constitucional 95/2016 que estabeleceu uma regra fiscal que limita as despesas primárias da União aos valores das despesas pagas em 2016 e uma regra de piso federal da saúde e educação equivalente aos respectivos valores desses pisos de 2017, com prazo de vigência até 2036. A programação do Ministério da Saúde no Projeto de Lei Orçamentária 2023 da União encaminhado ao Congresso Nacional apresentou muitos cortes de despesas que poderão comprometer a realização de ações e serviços em execução. O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar os recursos destinados ao Ministério da Saúde no Projeto de Lei Orçamentária da União para 2023 como mais uma etapa da contradição existente no Brasil entre o conceito constitucional de saúde como direito de cidadania e as regras fiscais estabelecidas pela Emenda Constitucional 95/2016.