bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kalsium, Hormon Auksin, Giberellin dan Sitokinin terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Tanaman Jagung
Authors: Hartanto Agus , Haris Abdul , Widodo Didik Setiyo
Published: July 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh pengaruh kalsium, hormon auksin, giberelin, dan sitokinin terhdap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman jagung. Tanaman jagung yang diberi kalsium dan fithormon dapat tumbuh hingga 232 cm sedangkan tanaman jagung tanpa kalsium dan fitohormon hanya tumbuh hingga 209 cm. Jagung yang dihasilkan dari tanaman dengan tambahan kalsium dan fitohormon memiliki berat rata-rata 200 g sedangkan tanpa kalsium dan fitohormon memiliki berat rata-rata 95 g.
Pengaruh Penambahan Natrium Klorida pada Larutan Karbohidrat untuk Efisiensi Proses Pemasakan Nasi
Authors: Yuliana Dian Arlita , Asy’ari Mukhammad , Rahmanto Wasino Hadi
Published: July 2019

Memasak nasi merupakan rutinitas yang dilakukan oleh sebagian besar penduduk di Asia, yang pada umumnya kurang efisien dalam penggunaan energi panas. Salah satu strategi untuk efisiensi energi dalam memasak nasi adalah melalui teknik pengolahan bahan. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengamatan pengaruh NaCl terhadap kemampuan mentransfer dan menyimpan energi panas larutan karbohidrat murni dan campuran, kemudian diaplikasikan untuk efisiensi proses pemasakan nasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengamatan kenaikan suhu selama proses pemanasan dan penurunan suhu selama proses pendiaman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan penambahan NaCl pada berbagai konsentrasi tidak mempengaruhi kemampuan mentransfer tetapi cenderung menurunkan kemampuan menyimpan energi panas larutan karbohidrat. Penambahan NaCl 1% menyebabkan kemampuan menyimpan energi panas dari larutan karbohidrat dengan struktur molekul kompleks dan ukuran molekul besar lebih lama dibandingkan dengan larutan karbohidrat dengan struktur molekul sederhana dan ukuran molekul kecil. Hasil aplikasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan larutan jeli 3,0% dengan penambahan NaCl 1% dalam proses pemasakan nasi mampu mencapai efisiensi energi sebesar 28,14% dan efisiensi waktu 20%. Proses pemasakan nasi paling efisien bisa dilakukan dengan pemanasan selama 18 menit dan pendiaman selama 7 menit dalam sistem bersekat.
An assessment of population fluctuations of a hemipteran citrus pest in the northeast of Algeria: A case study from Guelma region
Authors: KHALADI Omar , GUENDOUZ-BENRIMA Atika
Published: July 2019

In this study, which takes place in the northeast of Algeria at the region of Guelma between January 2016 and June 2017, we were able to follow the spatio-temporal evolution of the main hemipteran pests in an orchard of citrus (orange variety). This monitoring showed the presence of 12 hemipteran species, their appearance in the orchard is closely linked to the sap flow. The most abundant species was Aleurothrixus floccosus. The number of the other species that found was very small or absent in most of the time. We also noted that Aonidiella aurantii and Chrysomphalus dictyospermi had a preference to develop in the center of the tree while the other species found, which are: Dialeurodes citri, Aphis gossypii, Aphis spiraecola, Lepidosaphes beckii, Parlatoria ziziphi, Saissetia olea, Coccus hesperidum, Coccus pseudomagnoliarum and Icerya purchasi, were found in the sunniest parts of the tree.
Seed quality, water use efficiency and eco physiological characteristics of Lallemantia (Lallemantia sp.) species as effected by soil moisture content
Authors: ABDOLAHI Mina , MALEKI FARAHANI Saeideh
Published: July 2019

This study investigated the effect of drought stress on the yield, water use efficiency (WUE), physiology, and seed quality of two species Lallemantia sp. Field experiments with three irrigation regimes were carried out in a split plot factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included irrigation after 40 %, 60 %, and 100 % depletion of available soil water (ASW) (I40, I60, and I100, respectively) as main plots and Lallemantia species L. iberica (M. Bieb.) Fisch. & C. A. Mey. (S1) and L. royleana Benth. in Wall (S2) as subplots. Increment in depletion of ASW (I40 to I100) resulted in progressively less chlorophyll a content (Chl­ a), open stomata percentage (OS), and leaf area index (LAI). The highest Chl­ a and LAI were found to be 0.0087­ mg g−1, and 2.68 mg g−1 leaf mass in I40 treatment, respectively, while closed stomata percentage (CS) increased significantly as drought stress increased. The results of this experiment indicated that the appropriate yield of production was obtained in plots which were fully irrigated (I40) for all species of Lallemantia; however, the WUE increased as drought stress increased. The interaction of drought stress, Lallemantia species with grain yield and WUE was significant.
Textualización de la verdad y crisis de la tradición en El castillo, de Franz Kafka
Authors: Barbosa Jefferson Eduardo da Paz
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es identificar en la escritura / lectura de Franz Kafka, a partir de El Castillo, la intersección entre la problemática de la crisis de la tradición, planteada por Walter Benjamin y Gershom Scholem, y la textualización de la verdad que se desprende de las prácticas exegéticas en la tradición mística del judaísmo, sobre todo en la teoría cabalística del lenguaje. Siguiendo la discusión de las principales teorías presentes en el referencial bibliográfico, analizaremos cómo la escritura en Kafka se utiliza del comentario como método, fundiendo exégesis y creación literaria. Podemos concluir que la verdad, en Kafka, se encuentra inseparable del texto y del comentario, lo que nos remite al Nombre de Dios infinitamente interpretable vislumbrado por la tradición mística de la Cábala. En la escritura de Kafka, la verdad inseparable del laberinto de interpretaciones apunta a la crisis de la tradición como característica esencial de su modernidad, expresando los límites entre religión y nihilismo.
Sentido común y buen sentido en Deleuze
Authors: Pachilla Pablo Nicolás
Published: July 2019

Siendo el concepto de sentido común en Deleuze de primera importancia, resulta llamativo que no exista un trabajo interpretativo detallado al respecto. El presente artículo se propone subsanar dicha falta, ofreciendo un análisis riguroso de los diferentes sentidos y matices del concepto. Sostendremos que existen tres sentidos de “sentido común” en Deleuze: como Imagen del pensamiento, como concordia facultatum y como correlato del buen sentido. En los dos primeros sentidos, el sentido común se contrapone al empirismo trascendental deleuziano en tanto supone un pensamiento ya dado e impone una condición de concordancia en el ejercicio de las facultades; en el último, aporta la forma del objeto cualquiera que será cualificado por el buen sentido, que impone asimismo una determinación temporal escatológica y una determinación ontológica y espacial sedentaria.
El Otro como Juego -y como Desastre. (Life in plastic, it's fantastic : we are just getting started)
Authors: Moreno Márquez César
Published: July 2019

Tomando como motivo de fondo de la reflexión el mito de Pigmalión, el presente artículo aborda la pregunta por el Otro tomando como base la posibilidad de que el Otro virtual realizado (en este caso en una Muñeca/Sexdoll de silicona) pudiese sustituir e incluso suplantar, en el deseo, al Otro por sí mismo. Se intentará mostrar que las dicotomías entre vivo-muerto, real-irreal o verdadero-falso resultan muy insuficientes para comprender la cuestión de “el Otro”, pues la figuración de este “Otro” en el ámbito de lo imaginario es más poderosa y relevante que los rasgos ónticos de su presencia directa y fáctica. La posibilidad, al menos experimental, de jugar al “Otro” implica un desafío enorme, en la medida en que puede hundir en el desastre de un narcisismo ilimitado y de una soledad desesperada, pero también puede ofrecer una opción terapéutica, si se conjugan ciertos factores (caso planteado en el film Lars and the Real Girl). Por otra parte, el rodeo a través del Otro virtual permite preparar la  base para una pregunta filosófica de gran alcance, en tanto nos permita justamente plantear fenomenológica y dialécticamente la cuestión del Otro. El material de base para el artículo es un documental de ZDF para el Canal Arte titulado Traumfrauen, que expone los rasgos básicos de la convivencia entre Dean Bean y sus Sexdolls.
El "clave bien temperado" de Felisberto Hernández
Authors: Aballí Morell Elvira
Published: July 2019

El interés de los críticos e investigadores en la obra de Felisberto Hernández se ha incrementado desde su inserción en el campo cultural a través de las valoraciones de Italo Calvino y de Julio Cortázar. No obstante, la intersección entre la literatura y la música en la obra de Felisberto Hernández no ha sido suficientemente atendido a pesar de la evidente amalgama entre ambos campos. Esta investigación intenta saldar ese adeudo mediante un análisis interdisciplinario que permita decodificar la presencia de la música en la obra de Felisberto Hernández y su contribución a la narrativa de este autor. El conocimiento musical y la experiencia como intérprete de Felisberto Hernández se traducen en su obra no solo a través del empleo de un imaginario musical, sino también a partir de la presencia de estructuras propias del discurso musical entre las cuales sobresale la organización del relato a partir de macroformas y de microformas, del uso de la dinámica – tanto por planos sonoros como por reguladores –, de la agógica y de los silencios como ejes del discurso narrativo.
Un vértice para la construcción de sentidos: Estudios culturales, de género y literarios
Authors: Robles Ruiz Ana Alejandra , Guerrero de la Llata Patricia Del Carmen
Published: July 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es definir qué son los estudios culturales, de género y literarios. Reflexionar acerca de la relación que hay entre ellos. Debatir cómo es posible el hecho de que puedan intersectarse éstos. E intentar explicar el funcionamiento teórico y metodológico de dichas interdisciplinas. Asimismo, este trabajo ofrece un panorama general con respecto a la situación actual de los estudios de género y los estudios literarios con esta perspectiva en México: ¿qué es lo que se está haciendo?, ¿cómo?, ¿en dónde?
Tiempo de Revueltas. Cuatro: nota roja y sentido trágico [La firma de José Revueltas]
Authors: Ramírez Jorge Alberto
Published: July 2019

Reseña del libro Tiempo de Revueltas. Cuatro: nota roja y sentido trágico [La firma de José Revueltas]
Movement Demands of Rugby Sevens in Men and Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ball Shane , Halaki Mark , Orr Rhonda
Published: July 2019

Ball, S, Halaki, M, and Orr, R. Movement demands of rugby sevens in men and women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 33(12): 3475–3490, 2019—Global positioning systems (GPS) provide comprehensive information of player movement demands in rugby 7's. Although studies have investigated the use of GPS within many field-based team sports, the application of GPS within rugby 7's remains unclear. The aim of this review was to evaluate the movement demands and conduct a meta-analysis on comparable GPS measures to assess player movement in rugby 7's. A systematic search of electronic databases Medline, SPORTDiscus, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase was performed. The search strategy combined terms covering: global positioning systems AND rugby union. Studies were included if they contained rugby sevens' players monitored by GPS. Meta-analyses were conducted to provide a pooled mean and confidence intervals (CIs) on outcomes for data extracted from at least 3 studies. A total of 24 publications were eligible for review and included 661 (447 male and 214 female) rugby 7's players. Meta-analysis indicated that male players cover greater relative distance (male: 108.5 m·min−1, 95% CI [104.9–112.1] m·min−1, female: 100.3 m·min−1, 95% CI [96.0–104.7] m·min−1), distance at >12.6 km·h−1 (male: 449.3 m, 95% CI [427.0–471.5] m, female: 339.5 m, 95% CI [291.1–387.9] m) and >18.0 km·h−1 (male: 190.3 m, 95% CI [180.7–199.9] m, female: 129.9 m, 95% CI [99.9–159.8] m), and have a greater maximum velocity compared with female players (male: 29.8 km·h−1, 95% CI [29.2–30.4] km·h−1, female: 24.6 km·h−1, 95% CI [23.3–25.9] km·h−1), whereas relative distance is higher for the first half (109.5 m·min−1, 95% CI [99.1–120.0] m·min−1) compared with the second half (93.8 m·min−1, 95% CI [87.4–100.1] m·min−1) of match play across sexes and playing levels. Independent velocity zone classifications should apply for male and female players, whereas velocity thresholds should remain consistent across studies. Rugby 7's training intensity should vary between male and female players.
Comparison Between Back Squat, Romanian Deadlift, and Barbell Hip Thrust for Leg and Hip Muscle Activities During Hip Extension
Authors: Delgado Jose , Drinkwater Eric J. , Banyard Harry G. , Haff G. Gregory , Nosaka Kazunori
Published: July 2019

Delgado, J, Drinkwater, EJ, Banyard, HG, Haff, GG, and Nosaka, K. Comparison between back squat, Romanian deadlift, and barbell hip thrust for leg and hip muscle activities during hip extension. J Strength Cond Res 33(10): 2595–2601, 2019—This study compared muscle activities of vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and gluteus maximus (GM) during the back squat (SQ), Romanian deadlift (RDL), and barbell hip thrust (BHT) exercises performed with the same load (60 kg) and at one repetition maximum (1RM). Eight men with a minimum of 1 year's lower-body strength training experience performed the exercises in randomized order. Before each exercise, surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded during a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and then used to normalize to each muscle's EMG during each trial. Barbell hip thrust showed higher GM activity than the SQ (effect size [ES] = 1.39, p = 0.038) but was not significantly different from RDL (ES = 0.49, p = 0.285) at 1RM. Vastus lateralis activity at 1RM during the SQ was significantly greater than RDL (ES = 1.36, p = 0.002) and BHT (ES = 2.27, p = 0.009). Gluteus maximus activity was higher during MVIC when compared with the 60 kg load for the SQ (ES = 1.29, p = 0.002) and RDL (ES = 1.16, p = 0.006) but was similar for the BHT (ES = 0.22, p = 0.523). There were no significant differences in GM (ES = 0.35, p = 0.215) and BF activities (ES = 0.16, p = 0.791) between 1RM and MVIC for the SQ. These findings show that the RDL was equally as effective as the BHT for isolating the hip extensors, while the SQ simultaneously activated the hip and knee extensors.
Simulated Heat-Affected Zone of Steel 4330V
Authors: Żuk Marcin , Górka Jacek , Jamrozik Wojciech
Published: July 2019

Steel 4330V is a material that contains an addition of vanadium (approximately 0.06 wt. %). The steel is widely used in the mining and petroleum industries. The steel microstructure contains tempered martensite. The high carbon equivalent of the steel makes it difficult to weld. The simulation of the heat-affected zone (HAZ) makes it possible to determine the effect of an increase in temperature on the properties and the structure of the steel. The simulation of heating was performed using a resistive heating device. The specimens were heated between 2 and 8 s at a temperature restricted within the range of 300°C–1,300°C. During the tests, temperature was recorded using a thermal imaging camera. The tests revealed that up to a temperature of approximately 600°C, the material did not undergo structural changes. Above a temperature of 600°C, the hardness of the specimen increased to 500 HV. As the temperature of the HAZ increases, the grain size changes, which in turn affects the change of mechanical properties. Results of the impact strength tests performed at a temperature of –40°C confirmed hardness values and results of micrographic examinations.
Interneuron Functional Diversity in the Mouse Accessory Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Maksimova Marina A. , Cansler Hillary L. , Zuk Kelsey E. , Torres Jennifer M. , Roberts Dylan J. , Meeks Julian P.
Published: July 2019

In the mouse accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), inhibitory interneurons play an essential role in gating behaviors elicited by sensory exposure to social odors. Several morphological classes have been described, but the full complement of interneurons remains incomplete. In order to develop a more comprehensive view of interneuron function in the AOB, we performed targeted patch clamp recordings from partially overlapping subsets of genetically labeled and morphologically defined interneuron types.Gad2(GAD65),Calb2(calretinin), andCort(cortistatin)-cre mouse lines were used to drive selective expression of tdTomato in AOB interneurons.Gad2andCalb2-labeled interneurons were found in the internal, external, and glomerular (GL) layers, whereasCort-labeled interneurons were enriched within the lateral olfactory tract (LOT) and external cellular layer (ECL). We found that external granule cells (EGCs) from all genetically labeled subpopulations possessed intrinsic functional differences that allowed them to be readily distinguished from internal granule cells (IGCs). EGCs showed stronger voltage-gated Na+and non-inactivating voltage-gated K+currents, decreased IHcurrents, and robust excitatory synaptic input. These specific intrinsic properties did not correspond to any genetically labeled type, suggesting that transcriptional heterogeneity among EGCs and IGCs is not correlated with expression of these particular marker genes. Intrinsic heterogeneity was also seen among AOB juxtaglomerular cells (JGCs), with a major subset ofCalb2-labeled JGCs exhibiting spontaneous and depolarization-evoked plateau potentials. These data identify specific physiological features of AOB interneurons types that will assist in future studies of AOB function.
Large ScaleIn VivoRecording of Sensory Neuron Activity with GCaMP6
Authors: Chisholm Kim I. , Khovanov Nikita , Lopes Douglas M. , La Russa Federica , McMahon Stephen B.
Published: July 2019

Greater emphasis on the study of intact cellular networks in their physiological environment has led to rapid advances in intravital imaging of the central nervous system (CNS), while the peripheral system remains largely unexplored. To assess large networks of sensory neurons, we selectively label primary afferents with GCaMP6s in male and female C57bl/6 mice and visualize their functional responses to peripheral stimulationin vivo. We show that we are able to monitor the activity of hundreds of sensory neurons simultaneously, with sufficient sensitivity to detect, in most cases, single action potentials with a typical rise time of around 200 ms, and an exponential decay with a time constant of approximately 700 ms. With this technique we are able to characterize the responses of large populations of sensory neurons to innocuous and noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli under normal and inflammatory conditions. We demonstrate that the majority of primary afferents are polymodal with between 50–80% of thermally sensitive DRG neurons responding also to noxious mechanical stimulation. We also specifically assess the small population of peripheral cold neurons and demonstrate significant sensitization to cooling after a model of sterile and persistent inflammation, with significantly increased sensitivity already at decreases of 5°C when compared to uninflamed responses. This not only reveals interesting new insights into the (patho)physiology of the peripheral nervous system but also demonstrates the sensitivity of this imaging technique to physiological changes in primary afferents.
Optogenetic Activation of Non-Nociceptive Aβ Fibers Induces Neuropathic Pain-Like Sensory and Emotional Behaviors after Nerve Injury in Rats
Authors: Tashima Ryoichi , Koga Keisuke , Sekine Misuzu , Kanehisa Kensho , Kohro Yuta , Tominaga Keiko , Matsushita Katsuyuki , Tozaki-Saitoh Hidetoshi , Fukazawa Yugo , Inoue Kazuhide , Yawo Hiromu , Furue Hidemasa , Tsuda Makoto
Published: July 2019

Neuropathic pain is caused by peripheral nerve injury (PNI). One hallmark symptom is allodynia (pain caused by normally innocuous stimuli), but its mechanistic underpinning remains elusive. Notably, whether selective stimulation of non-nociceptive primary afferent Aβ fibers indeed evokes neuropathic pain-like sensory and emotional behaviors after PNI is unknown, because of the lack of tools to manipulate Aβ fiber function in awake, freely moving animals. In this study, we used a transgenic rat line that enables stimulation of non-nociceptive Aβ fibers by a light-activated channel (channelrhodopsin-2; ChR2). We found that illuminating light to the plantar skin of these rats with PNI elicited pain-like withdrawal behaviors that were resistant to morphine. Light illumination to the skin of PNI rats increased the number of spinal dorsal horn (SDH) Lamina I neurons positive to activity markers (c-Fos and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase; pERK). Whole-cell recording revealed that optogenetic Aβ fiber stimulation after PNI caused excitation of Lamina I neurons, which were normally silent by this stimulation. Moreover, illuminating the hindpaw of PNI rats resulted in activation of central amygdaloid neurons and produced an aversion to illumination. Thus, these findings provide the first evidence that optogenetic activation of primary afferent Aβ fibers in PNI rats produces excitation of Lamina I neurons and neuropathic pain-like behaviors that were resistant to morphine treatment. This approach may provide a new path for investigating circuits and behaviors of Aβ fiber-mediated neuropathic allodynia with sensory and emotional aspects after PNI and for discovering novel drugs to treat neuropathic pain.
Challenges to address climate adaptation actions in coastal New England – insights from a web survey
Authors: Mesquita-Emlinger Ana
Published: July 2019

Coastal communities all over the world are experiencing unprecedented alterations from climate change. Unlike what most people would guess, coastal communities have not advanced much in their preparedness for a climate that is changing fast, despite their extensive exposure to climate hazards. If not true worldwide, at least that is what is happening in the majority of small and medium communities in the coast of New England, in the Northeast of US. This article explores data collected in a web survey conducted with city officials of coastal communities in the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine, aiming to verify barriers to address climate change adaptation at the local level. The results of the survey showed many similarities between the challenges experienced by these small coastal communities. We suggest that, in presenting the main themes of the research, including special attention to the barriers encountered, this knowledge can contribute to the creation of a more climate-friendly region, thus helping to design and implement future climate change policies at the local level.
Mapping Miskitu subsistence land use change in Concejo Territorial Katainasta, Honduras
Authors: Tappan Taylor A. , Herlihy Peter H.
Published: July 2019

Understanding the large-scale spatial patterns of natural resource use in indigenous homelands is critical for guaranteeing indigenous peoples’ ancestral land rights, designing effective conservation policies, and promoting good governance in Central America. However, few studies have mapped the diachronic distribution of indigenous communities’ resource use in these areas. Here we present a case study describing the spatial functionality of the Concejo Territorial Katainasta (CTK)--the first indigenous territorial jurisdiction in Honduras to receive an intercommunity land title. Two participatory research mapping (PRM) studies--the first in 1992 and the second in 2014-15--mapped the spatial patterns of Miskitu subsistence activities in CTK. The results were subsequently converted into a geographic information system (GIS) that allowed for spatial and temporal comparisons of Miskitu subsistence livelihoods in CTK before and after the titling process. Here we focus on the spatial parameters of three Miskitu subsistence livelihoods: agriculture, hunting and fishing. Analysis of results suggests that 1) the 2014-15 subsistence use areas for Miskitu communities in CTK have not diverged dramatically from those of the 1992 study, and 2) the new legal boundaries of CTK adequately encompass the subsistence use areas of its constituent communities and recognize the historical overlaps in Miskitu resource use and tenure patterns.
Tourist activity in Rio de Janeiro state
Authors: Marafon Glaucio José
Published: July 2019

Tourism activity in Rio de Janeiro state goes on influenced by a diversity of landscapes, different topographic and climatic characteristics, and cultural differences within its territory. But any attempt to regionalize it, create typologies for it, and divide it into zones in the state faces a geographical diversity in its physical, economic, cultural and social dimensions. As to the landscapes in its visible facet, it is undeniable the multiplicity of its components, which form peculiar surroundings thanks to both the presence of diverse topographies and climatic, hydrographic, pedologic and geologic conditions. In these surroundings, different economic contexts and cultural and social relationships interact constantly with such elements. It is clear that tourism development in the state has strong links with its geographical profile; but we understand that it is necessary to recognize the tourist value of countryside areas and to promote tourism activity as way of supporting the economy of the state’s municipalities. For that, we see as also necessary to think of public policies to support it.
La ecología política como enfoque para el estudio geográfico del ecoturismo en los Tuxtlas, México
Authors: Neger Christoph
Published: July 2019

La región de Los Tuxtlas, una de las áreas con mayor biodiversidad en México, fue declarada reserva de la biosfera en el 1998. Desde entonces, en la reserva se ha impulsado el ecoturismo, para promover tanto la conservación como el desarrollo humano. A pesar de que en algunas localidades se han tenido efectos positivos desde el punto de visto ecológico, el ecoturismo no ha logrado establecerse como una opción económicamente viable para la población local. Esta limitación pone en cuestión la sustentabilidad de la actividad ecoturística en el área en general e impide que sus beneficios ecológicos se puedan extender en la escala regional. Para analizar las causas de esta situación, el presente trabajo introduce el enfoque de la ecología política, el cual permite analizar el papel de los actores externos involucrados en múltiples escalas que fomentan u obstaculizan el desarrollo del ecoturismo. Los resultados se basan en métodos de trabajo de campo cualitativo, particularmente entrevistas semiestructuradas con expertos locales.
Levantamento de aspectos físico-químicos das águas da microbacia do mindu em Manaus-Amazonas
Authors: Alves de Souza-Filho Elton , Hortêncio-Batista Ieda , Carvalho de Albuquerque Carlossandro
Published: July 2019

A microbacia do Mindu, principal tributário da bacia hidrográfica do São Raimundo drena parte das águas urbanas da cidade de Manaus-AM para um dos maiores rios do mundo, o rio Negro. O córrego do Mindu, comumente chamado na região por igarapé em virtude de seu canal estreito, apresenta-se sob vasta ameaça de degradação de suas águas. A grande poluição e contaminação das águas é caracterizada pelo aporte de resíduos domésticos e industriais, assoreamento de seu leito e lançamento de resíduos sólidos sobre o leito do igarapé. Com o intuito de avaliar as caracteristicas físico-químicas da qualidade das águas da microbacia do Mindu foram analisados os seguintes parâmetros: pH, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido, turbidez, temperatura, e sólidos dissolvidos totais realizados com auxílio de uma sonda multiparamétrica em 11 pontos de amostragem do canal principal do igarapé do Mindu. As análises de sulfetos, nitrogênio amoniacal, e fosfato total foram realizadas em laboratório. Os resultados evidenciaram que o córrego apresenta pH levemente ácido no ponto próximo as nascentes e sensivelmente alcalino nos demais trechos, teor de oxigênio dissolvido abaixo do estipulado para a legislação, caracterização de sólidos dissolvidos e suspensos que contribuem para altas concentrações de condutividade elétrica, turbidez, e sólidos dissolvidos totais. Os trechos analisados apresentaram-se ainda sob influência de aporte de efluentes domésticos e industriais com a caracterização de sulfetos,  fósforo sob a forma de fosfatos e de nitrogênio na forma de nitrogênio amoniacal dissolvido nas águas.
Mercado, exploración y colonización. Las raíces epistemológicas de los saberes utilitarios de la Geografía Moderna
Authors: Martínez-Álvarez Héctor Ignacio
Published: July 2019

Este artículo busca indagar en los principales elementos históricos, teóricos y políticos que marcaron el origen de la llamada Geografía moderna desde la exploración filosófica, epistemológica y metodológica que desarrolló la ciencia moderna y su utilidad pragmática y utilitarista en el proceso de formación del mercado mundial capitalista, en particular en el proceso de colonización. A diferencia de trabajos que se han escrito sobre el tema, aquí se enfatiza en el papel legitimador que tuvieron los conocimientos, saberes y prácticas geográficas para la transición de la sociedad feudal a la capitalista, en específico el ascenso y la consolidación de la burguesía.
Vulnerabilidad hidrogeológica en la zona costera de Jacó, Pacífico Central, Costa Rica
Authors: Gómez-Cruz Alicia , Madrigal-Solís Helga , Núñez-Solís Christian , Calderón-Sánchez Hazel , Jiménez-Gavilán Pablo
Published: July 2019

En las últimas dos décadas, el Pacífico Central de Costa Rica experimentó un fuerte aumento en el desarrollo urbanístico y turístico, lo que representa una mayor amenaza a la calidad del agua subterránea. El objetivo de este estudio fue el generar una propuesta del Mapa de Vulnerabilidad Hidrogeológica de los acuíferos de Jacó, utilizando la metodología GOD. Para esto, se elaboraron perfiles geológicos y se realizó comprobación de campo. Se evidencia que el área de estudio está conformada por a) un acuífero costero detrítico, poroso y libre, albergado en la planicie aluvial de Jacó y, b) un acuífero fracturado en las rocas basálticas del Complejo de Nicoya, libre en la zona montañosa y subyaciendo la formación detrítica en la zona central, donde el agua subterránea se integra a la del acuífero detrítico, conformándose en un mismo acuífero.  La zona del acuífero aluvial obtuvo una vulnerabilidad moderada, en tanto que el fracturado una vulnerabilidad baja. Se propusieron recomendaciones de manejo.
Hydrogeological vulnerability in Jacó coastal aquifers, Central Pacific, Costa Rica
Authors: Gómez-Cruz Alicia , Madrigal-Solís Helga , Núñez-Solís Christian , Calderón-Sánchez Hazel , Jiménez-Gavilán Pablo
Published: July 2019

In the last two decades, the Central Pacific of Costa Rica experienced a strong growth in urban and tourism development. If not regulated, this development can result in a pressure to groundwater resources and, therefore, a threat in terms of quality and quantity. In this study, a hydrogeological vulnerability map of Jacó aquifers was performed, by the GOD method. Geological profiles were elaborated, and field verification was performed. It is confirmed that, in the study area, two aquifers are found: a) a detritic, porous, unconfined coastal aquifer, settled in the Jacó alluvial plain and, b) an aquifer in the basaltic fractured rocks of the Nicoya Complex, unconfined in the mountainous zone and underlying the detritic formation in the central area, where the groundwater is integrated to that of the detrital aquifer. The zone of the alluvial aquifer resulted in a medium vulnerability index, whereas the mountainous areas in a low vulnerability. Management recommendations were proposed.
Estabilidad, sensibilidad y antropización de los paisajes de la Reserva de la Biosfera Buenavista, Cuba
Authors: García-Espino Julio César , Valdés Fernández Carlos Lázaro
Published: July 2019

La concepción teórico-metodológica empleada en este artículo se fundamenta en la geoecología, disciplina que emplea la concepción sistémica en el estudio de los paisajes. Concebidos, así como un sistema autorregulado, complejo y abierto, en la medida en que experimenta el impacto antropogénico. El trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar el análisis de las diferentes unidades de paisajes de la Reserva de la biosfera Buenavista, con el fin de establecer su estado en cuanto a la estabilidad, la sensibilidad y el grado de antropización. Como primer paso fueron inventariadas y cartografiadas las unidades de paisaje presentes en el área de estudio. Posteriormente, se establecieron los distintos grados de estabilidad natural y tecnogénica, cuyo análisis conjunto permitió determinar los niveles de sensibilidad de los paisajes. Finalmente, se determinan las escalas de naturalidad de las distintas unidades de paisaje, mediante el uso de los índices naturalidad y sinantropismo.
Impactos ambientales de la colonización agrícola en Coto Brus, Costa Rica (1940-2018)
Authors: Quesada-Román Adolfo , Díaz-Bolaños Ronald
Published: July 2019

Coto Brus es un cantón al sureste de Costa Rica, funge como un crisol de culturas indígenas, costarricenses, panameñas e italianas que modelaron su territorio durante los últimos setenta años. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar el impacto ambiental de la colonización agrícola de Coto Brus y los cambios en el paisaje experimentados en su territorio a partir de 1940. Este estudio pone en evidencia la otra cara del explosivo desarrollo que tuvo Coto Brus en sus primeras décadas de existencia y además cómo los patrones multiculturales privaron en el crecimiento de la frontera agrícola en una de las regiones menos estudiadas del país. La metodología se basa en una revisión documental de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas entre libros, artículos, relatos históricos y legislación. A partir de un análisis geográfico histórico se lograron determinar tres periodos históricos que sintetizan el impacto en el medioambiente de las actividades productivas durante más de siete décadas.
Lucro en profesionales liberales; un derecho humano y un impuesto inconstitucional
Authors: Sánchez Juan Diego Sánchez
Published: July 2019

El presente artículo presenta un análisis de la definición del dinero como un bien objeto de apropiación privada, seguido por el concepto del derecho humano a la propiedad privada como protector del dominio de los bienes  y, finalmente el impuesto que grava de forma directa la generación de lucro en profesionales independientes.  Para la confección del artículo se extraen y se amplían los principales resultados y datos obtenidos de la tesis de licenciatura en Derecho realizada por el autor. Asimismo, en la investigación se hizo uso de un cuestionario, el cual se aplica a la muestra de abogados inscritos, activos o inactivos en el país, la cual se basa en una población dada por el mismo Colegio de Abogados para el 2018. También se realizó una revisión documental en términos del análisis de doctrina tributaria y legal, libros de texto, leyes  y otras normas tanto nacionales como de carácter  supranacional, como la Declaratoria de Derechos Humanos, atinentes al trabajo que se desarrolló y de las cuales se extraen los conceptos de mayor importancia. Los resultados del trabajo son confiables y argumentados, en especial, por la validación estadística del instrumento aplicado. Entre las principales conclusiones se detallan el dinero como bien jurídico, objeto de propiedad privada, el lucro privado como forma de apropiación del dinero, la protección jurídica del dinero, principios de razonabilidad, proporcionalidad  y no confiscación, el hecho generador del impuesto de renta a personas físicas con actividad lucrativa y por último el lucro privado como derecho humano.
Tierras indígenas en Brasil: análisis de juicios del Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Folena de Oliveria Jorge Rubem
Published: July 2019

El artículo fue redactado con base en una investigación que analiza diversos juicios realizados por el Supremo Tribunal Federal en asuntos de tierras indígenas, en Brasil, como en el caso de la reserva Raposa Serra do Sol. La metodología  que se utilizó, fue la examinación de los votos y las manifestaciones de los jueces del Supremo Tribunal Federal, en los juicios relacionados con el tema. En esta investigación se ha verificado el comportamiento de un Supremo Tribunal Federal indiferente en relación con los indígenas brasileños, ante la crueldad con que fueron desalojados y expulsados de sus tierras ancestrales, mediante eventos practicados por invasores y por el propio Estado.  Se puede afirmar que el comportamiento de los miembros del Supremo Tribunal Federal es el reflejo de una sociedad tan habituada a siglos de explotación que se ha vuelto incapaz de manifestar un gesto de repulsión delante del sufrimiento ajeno, con lo cual se aceptan con pasividad los actos de injusticia practicados contra sus semejantes
The Impact of Racism on Child and Adolescent Health
Authors: Trent Maria , Dooley Danielle G. , Dougé Jacqueline ,   SECTION ON ADOLESCENT HEALTH,   COUNCIL ON COMMUNITY PEDIATRICS,   COMMITTEE ON ADOLESCENCE, Cavanaugh Robert M. , Lacroix Amy E. , Fanburg Jonathon , Rahmandar Maria H. , Hornberger Laurie L. , Schneider Marcie B. , Yen Sophia , Chilton Lance Alix , Green Andrea E. , Dilley Kimberley Jo , Gutierrez Juan Raul , Duffee James H. , Keane Virginia A. , Krugman Scott Daniel , McKelvey Carla Dawn , Linton Julie Michelle , Nelson Jacqueline Lee , Mattson Gerri , Breuner Cora C. , Alderman Elizabeth M. , Grubb Laura K. , Lee Janet , Powers Makia E. , Rahmandar Maria H. , Upadhya Krishna K. , Wallace Stephenie B.
Published: July 2019

The American Academy of Pediatrics is committed to addressing the factors that affect child and adolescent health with a focus on issues that may leave some children more vulnerable than others. Racism is a social determinant of health that has a profound impact on the health status of children, adolescents, emerging adults, and their families. Although progress has been made toward racial equality and equity, the evidence to support the continued negative impact of racism on health and well-being through implicit and explicit biases, institutional structures, and interpersonal relationships is clear. The objective of this policy statement is to provide an evidence-based document focused on the role of racism in child and adolescent development and health outcomes. By acknowledging the role of racism in child and adolescent health, pediatricians and other pediatric health professionals will be able to proactively engage in strategies to optimize clinical care, workforce development, professional education, systems engagement, and research in a manner designed to reduce the health effects of structural, personally mediated, and internalized racism and improve the health and well-being of all children, adolescents, emerging adults, and their families.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: BERTO NILO
Published: July 2019

Apresentação do número.
NIVELES Y DIMENSIONES EN LA EXPLICITACIÓN HUSSERLIANA DEL HORIZONTE HISTÓRICO
Authors: Walton Roberto J.
Published: July 2019

Em seu escrito "A origem da geometria", Husserl trata do horizonte, da história cuja estrutura deve ser investigada metodicamente. "A explicitação do horizonte, que percorremos, não deve permanecer apenas num discurso vago e superficial, mas deve alcançar um tipo de cientificidade" (HUA VI, 383; cf. 378). Para captara indole peculiar do horizonte histórico deve-se levar em conta primeiramente o conceito de "pré-darse" (Vorgegebenheit). Uma dupla interpretação deste conceito permite que Husserl examine a história como possibilidade e a históriacomo efetividade. Isto significa que, através das múltiplas realidades que a história nos oferece sejam condições de possibilidade para que possamos ter um horizonte histórico. Além disso, uma relação com a possibilidade tanto quantocom a efetividade, é possivel traçar duas distinções ulteriores. Assim, pode-se distinguir quatro níveis diferentes da interpretação da história: 1) o nível das condições de possibilidade, isto é, da implicação dos outros, o tempo e o mundo; 2) o nível das condições prévias para a efetivação, isto é, da "protogeratividade", a tradicionalização e a terra; 3) o nível da efetividade da história, isto é, de uma forma de geração, uma tradição e um território e 4) o nível da generatividade espiritual racional, de "uma" tradição e da representação de "um" mundo. O caminho da investigaçãohusserliana segue este escalonamento e clareiacada rúvel segundo três dimensões. De acordo com este esquema tentaremos, nas considerações a seguir, desenvolver a explicitação husserliana do horizonte histórico.
ETHOS UNO CHRISTLICHE GOTTESERFAHRUNG
Authors: Held Klaus
Published: July 2019

A problemática da intersubjetividadedesempenha um papel central nos atuaisdebates filosóficos em fenomenologia. O fenômenoda religião tem recentemente tambémvolttado a chamar a atenção com vigor. Aofalar nesta comunicação sobre o que os gregosdenominaram de ethos, refiro-me ao ãmbito deproblemas da intersubjetividade, sobretudo àrelação das diferentes culturas. que se diferenciamfundamentalmente por seu ethos. A problemáticada interculturalidade constitui, semdúvida, atualmente, uma das mais crescentespreocupações da humanidade de especialsignificação. O ethos está em todas as culturastradicionais estreitamente entrelaçado à experiênciado divino. Correspondentemente, aminha própria origem será ressaltada nasreflexões seguintes, enfocando a nossa tradiçãoocidental de dois mil anos.
PHÉNOMÉNOLOGIE DE L'EXPÉRIENCE SONORE
Authors: Kerszberg Pierre
Published: July 2019

De acordo com a constatação deNietzche, segundo a qual o destino da filosofiaestá ligado ao da música, devemos nos perguntaro que a fenomenologia traz para a compreensãodo fenômeno sonoro. Trata-se dedesenvolver a fenomenologia da consciênciaíntima do tempo, levando-se em conta a riquezado material musical. Este material se organizaem torno de noções, aparentemente independentesumas das outras, mas de fato essencialmenteligadas, de ritmo e de surpresa. Oconceito central que emerge desta pesquisanão é mais o de sentimento (ainda presente emNietzsche, por intermédio de Schopenhauer),mas de atenção. Husserl limitava este conceitoao domínio da modificação imaginadora daexperiência vivida.
NOTÍCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Authors: Bolliger Sergio
Published: July 2019

ÓRFÃOS DE REALIDADE - considerações a partir da leitura deÓRFÃOS DE UTOPIA -A melancolia da Esquerda, de Ernildo Stein.
O ANTEPREDICATIVO EM SEIN UNO ZEIT
Authors: Gonçalves Nelci do Nascimento
Published: July 2019

Trata-se de mostrar que o interesselógico do primeiro Heidegger, sobretudo em Seinund Zeit, é guiado pela distinção de principioentre lógica e lógica produtiva, de forma a traduzira questão ontológica em termos fenomenológicose hermenêuticos.
DA REPRESENTAÇÃO AO SENTIDO ATRAVÉS DE SCHLEIERMACHER À HERMENÊUTICA ATUAL
Authors: Ruedel Aloísio
Published: July 2019

Este artigo traz resumidamente adiscussão de uma tese de doutorado, centrada,fundamentalmente, no projeto hermenêutico deFriedrich Schleiermacher e situa-se, num contextomais amplo, no hodierno debate das alternativaspara a filosofia. A contribuição e a importânciada discussão consistem, entretanto, emparticipar de uma releitura do pensamento deSchleiermacher, visando a recuperação de seuaspecto sistemático.
ALTERIDADE E CITABILIDADE - BENJAMIN E LEVINAS
Authors: De Souza Ricardo Timm
Published: July 2019

O texto pretende evidenciar de como,para além de preconceitos advindos do distanciamentode modelos de pensamento ou escolasfilosóficas, é não somente útil como muito necessárioque se dê uma aproximação entre as motivaçõesbásicas dos autores, aproximação estaque pode vir a se constituir em um útil viésinterpretativo de toda uma "era filosófica" e desuas exigências de inteligibilidade.
A ESCOLA FRANCISCANA: DE BOAVENTURA A OCKHAM
Authors: De Boni Luis Alberto
Published: July 2019

Os franciscanos dos séculos XIII e XIV contaram entre seus membros com filósofos de renome. Procura-se, no presente trabalho, ver até que ponto pode-se falar de uma 'escola franciscana Para tanto é tomado o período que medeia entre Boaventura e Ockham, sendo examinados alguns dos principais temas debatidos durante a época.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: De Souza Draiton Gonzaga
Published: July 2019

Apresentação do número.
Cine centroamericano contemporáneo: Memoria histórica, condiciones de realización y producción
Authors: Cabezas Andrea
Published: July 2019

El artículo recoge una serie de datos e informaciones recopiladas en el trabajo de tesis doctoral titulado Cinéma centraméricain contemporain (1970-2014): La construction d'un cinéma régional: mémoires socio-historiques et culturelles, dichos datos se actualizan hasta el año 2017. Se pretende abordar así la cinematografía de América Central en su conjunto, desde un ángulo regional y transversal para determinar la relación que ha existido entre las diferentes cinematografías nacionales de los países que conforman Centroamérica y la memoria histórica de la región, tomando en cuenta los nexos entre las temáticas abordadas, las condiciones de realización y producción regional.
Impact of Two Distinct Dental Anesthesia Simulation Models on the Perception of Learning by Students
Authors: Merino-Parra DDS Jadith , Madrazo-Meneses DDS Ricardo E. , Komabayashi DDS, MSc, PhD Takashi , Cerda-Cristerna DDS, MSc, PhD Bernardino I.
Published: July 2019

We evaluated an infiltration anesthesia simulation model (IAM) and a conduction anesthesia simulation model (CAM) on the perception of learning by Mexican dental students. Our aim was to compare the perception of learning by dental students trained with two distinct dental anesthesia simulation model (DASM) with dental students who were not trained with a DASM. 3 groups participated in the study: G1 (N=12 students) learned to block the mental nerve (BMN) by participating in a theoretical lecture (stage 1) and a clinical demonstration (stage 2); G2 (N=12 students) learned the BMN by participating in the stage 1, stage 2, and training with the CAM; G3 (N=12 students) learned the BMN by participating in the stage 1, stage 2, and training with the IAM. The groups performed the BMN in a clinical exercise. Working-time of all participants was timed. Perception of learning for all participants was evaluated with a 5-point Likert Scale. The results showed that statistically significant differences were found between score of G1 and score of G2 and score of G3 (P<0.05).  No statistically significant differences were found between scores of G2 and scores of G3. G1, G2 and G3 showed an average working-time of 12:42 minutes, 9.75 minutes and 8:03 minutes, respectively (P<0.05). We concluded that the IAM and CAM showed a positive impact on the perception of learning, and the students trained with the IAM showed a shorter working time compared with the students trained with the CAM.