bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational analysis of potential candidate genes involved in the cold stress response of ten Rosaceae members
Authors: Shafi K. Mohamed , Sowdhamini Ramanathan
Published: March 2022

Background: Plant species from Rosaceae family are economically important. One of the major environmental factors impacting those species is cold stress. Although several Rosaceae plant genomes have recently been sequenced, there have been very few research conducted on cold upregulated genes and their promoter binding sites. In this study, we used computational approaches to identify and analyse potential cold stress response genes across ten Rosaceae family members. Results: Cold stress upregulated gene data from apple and strawberry were used to identify syntelogs in other Rosaceae species. Gene duplication analysis was carried out to better understand the distribution of these syntelog genes in different Rosaceae members. A total of 11145 popular abiotic stress transcription factor-binding sites were identified in the upstream region of these potential cold-responsive genes, which were subsequently categorised into distinct transcription factor (TF) classes. MYB classes of transcription factor binding site (TFBS) were abundant, followed by bHLH, WRKY, and AP2/ERF. TFBS patterns in the promoter regions were compared among these species and gene families, found to be quite different even amongst functionally related syntelogs. A case study on important cold stress responsive transcription factor family, AP2/ERF showed less conservation in TFBS patterns in the promoter regions. This indicates that syntelogs from the same group may be comparable at the gene level but not at the level of cis-regulatory elements. Therefore, for such genes from the same family, different repertoire of TFs could be recruited for regulation and expression. Duplication events must have played a significant role in the similarity of TFBS patterns amongst few syntelogs of closely related species.Conclusions: Our study over all suggests that, despite being from the same gene family, different combinations of TFs may play a role in their regulation and expression. The findings of this study will provide information about potential genes involved in the cold stress response, which will aid future functional research of these gene families involved in many important biological processes.
Progressive crushing 40Ar/39Ar dating of gold-bearing quartz vein from the Liaotun Carlin-type gold deposit at the northwest of Guangxi
Authors: Hu Rongguo , Pang Baocheng , Bai Xiujuan , Bai Lingan , Liu Xijun , Li Yuanqiang , Xu Jianqi , Qiu Huaning
Published: March 2022

Progressive crushing 40Ar/39Ar dating has been performed on a gold-bearing quartz vein from the Liaotun Carlin-type gold deposit at the northwest of Guangxi for the first time. Gases liberated from the secondary and primary fluid inclusions yielded two age plateau with ages of 168.4 ± 1.9 Ma and 200.5 ± 1.9 Ma, respectively. The data points constituting the age plateau yielded excellent inverse isochrons with isochron ages of 167.0 ± 1.9 Ma and 200.7 ± 2.1 Ma. The initial 40Ar/36Ar ratios corresponding to the two isochrons are 308.9 ± 6.8 and 298.0 ± 4.3, which are statistically indistinguishable from the air, indicating that the ore-forming fluids probably mainly derived from the basin pressure flow dominated by atmospheric precipitation. The age from the PFIs of 200.5 ± 1.9 Ma can be taken as the timing of Au mineralization. In contrast, the age of 167.0 ± 1.9 Ma recorded by SFIs represents the timing of late hydrothermal fluid superposition and transformation after the formation of gold deposit. Our preliminary study shows the feasibility and great potential of 40Ar/39Ar dating by progressive crushing of fluid inclusions from quartz vein to date the mineralization age and decipher the fluid origins of Carlin-type gold deposits.
Assessing Fine Motor and Sensory Functions In Patients With Breast Cancer At Risk for Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN)
Authors: Tuğral Alper , Arıbaş Zeynep , Akyol Murat , Bakar Yeşim
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study was aimed to assess potential Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) related motor and sensorial deficits in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. This study was registered to Clinical Trials with the following unique number: NCT04799080.Methods: 27 female patients (Mean age: 51.59±10.55 year) were assessed in three different time points as follows: T1 (before chemotherapy), T2 (interim analysis), and T3 (completion of chemotherapy). Motor function was assessed with handgrip strength (HGS) and peripheral muscle strength (PMS). Semmens Weinstein Monofilament Test was used to assess the potential sensory loss. Minnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) was used to assess fine motor function. Fatigue was assessed with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Module Cancer Related Fatigue (EORTC-QLQ-FA12)Results: HGS was not found significant among all three assessment time points (F (2,52) =0.590, p=0.558). PMS was found significant (F (2,52) =4.058, p=0.023). Bonferroni post-hoc test revealed that PMS was significantly decreased between T1 and T2 (170.38±30.79 N vs 154.41±23.79 N, mean difference=15.972, p=0.046, respectively). Cutaneous sensory tactile function (p>0.05) and MMDT (F (2,52) =0.789, p=0.460) did not change significantly from T1 through T3. In T3, fatigue and PMS was found significantly correlated (r=-0.636, p=0.002).Conclusions: CIPN related problems affect a great number of cancer survivors. Establishing knowledge and awareness associated with CIPN as well as its early recognition and detection might improve patient-centered clinical outcomes in oncology setting.
The NEOM Brine Pools – The First Discovery in the Gulf of Aqaba
Authors: Purkis Sam , Shernisky Hannah , Swart Peter , Sharifi Arash , Oehlert Amanda , Marchese Fabio , Benzoni Francesca , Chimienti Giovanni , Duchâtellier Gaëlle , Klaus James , Eberli Gregor , Peterson Larry , Craig Andrew , Rodrigue Mattie , Titschack Jürgen , Kolodziej Graham , Abdulla Ameer
Published: March 2022

We present the NEOM Brine Pools, the first complex of brine pools discovered in the Gulf of Aqaba. The discovery was made at 1,770 m water depth and consists of one large pool (10,000 m2) flanked by three minor ones (<10 m2). Situated immediately at the toe-of-slope, the largest of the NEOM brine pools episodically receives terrestrial outwash from the Saudi coastal plain. A transect of cores through this pool’s bed reveals a stratigraphy spanning the last 1,200 yrs. Major terrestrial inputs to the basin are recorded once per century, which we attribute to tsunami. Turbidite beds, meanwhile, deposit every 25 yrs. and likely record both flashfloods and the pervasive seismicity of the Aragonese Deep, the pull-apart basin in which the pools situate. Such signals are exquisitely preserved beneath the pools as bioturbating organisms cannot occupy the harsh hypersaline, anoxic brine. These observations extend the known geographical range of Red Sea brine pools, introduce a new sediment archive of event horizons, and document a new bathyal ecosystem in the Gulf of Aqaba; ultimately providing a range of significant data that will contribute to the reconstruction of more than one millennium of preserved turbidites, flashfloods, and tsunami sedimentary deposits.
Genome-wide association mapping of agronomic and quality traits in foxtail millet
Authors: Lou Yanhong , Chen Yun , Chao Ying , Han Fei , Sun Mingjie , Pan Hong , Wang Hui , Liu Zhihao , Zhuge Yuping
Published: March 2022

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica L.] is a particularly momentous cereal and forage crop in arid and semi-arid regions, and was recognised worldwide for its potential as a health-promoting functional food. An understanding of the genomic variation and alleles underpinning its agronomic and quality traits is important for improving foxtail millet breeding. Therefore, high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was employed to better understand the diversity of foxtail millet and facilitate the genetic dissection of its key traits. Using genotyping-by-sequencing, 107 foxtail millet accessions were sequenced; further analysis revealed 72,181 high-quality SNPs, 46 of which were significantly associated with 13 agronomic and quality traits. These SNPs were distributed across the 8 chromosomes; 36 were located in intergenic regions, whereas 1 and 5 SNPs were located in exon and intron regions, respectively. The GWAS revealed that 28 SNPs were associated with a single trait (Peak time). For some of the significant SNPs, favourable genotypes showed pyramiding effects for several traits. The 46 loci identified in present study will therefore be helpful for breeding plans aimed at foxtail millet improvement. Overall, the results provide sufficient fundamental for excellent cultivar breeding in the sustainable development of foxtail millet.
Evaluating the genetic correlation and causal relationship between osteoarthritis and human blood metabolites
Authors: Shen Bin , Xu Jiawen , Si Haibo , Zeng Yi , Wu Yuangang , Li Mingyang
Published: March 2022

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disease and a significant source of pain, disability, and socioeconomic cost worldwide. Genetic factors play important roles in the development of OA. However, the genetic basis of OA remains elusive now. Methods: Utilizing recently released large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of OA and 529 human blood metabolites, we explored the potential associations between OA and human blood metabolites from three aspects. Firstly, linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) was applied to detect genetic correlations between OA and each of the 529 blood metabolites. Secondly, Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was used to evaluate the causal relationship between OA and significant blood metabolites identified by LDSC. Finally, mRNA expression and DNA methylation profiles of OA were used to detect the differentially expressed gene (DEG) and differentially methylated gene (DMG) which related to the blood metabolites identified by LDSC.Results: LDSC analysis found 19 candidate human blood metabolites showing genetic correlation signals with OA, such as citrate (genetic correlation coefficient (rg) = -0.2285, P value = 0.0034), proline (rg = 0.1777, P value = 0.0272), leucine (rg = 0.0891, P value = 0.0431), valine (rg = 0.1565, P value = 0.0405), methylcysteine (rg = -0.2488, P value = 0.0391) and 1-palmitoylglycerophosphoinositol (rg =0.3514, P value = 0.0434). MR analysis identified a significant causal relationship between OA and 1,6-anhydroglucose (β = -1.755, SE = 0.7992, P = 0.0281). mRNA expression and DNA methylation analysis identified FMO3 was the DEG and the LIPC was the DMG, which were related to methylcysteine and 1-palmitoylglycerophosphoinositol.Conclusion: Our results provide novel clues for understanding the genetic mechanism of OA, focusing on the possible roles of abnormal human blood metabolites in the pathogenesis of OA.
A Logit-Based Binary Classifier of Tsunamigenic Earthquakes for the Northern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Konovalov Alexey , Samsonov Grigory , Stepnov Andrey
Published: March 2022

In this study, logistic regression was used as a tool for deriving the binary classifier of tsunamigenic and nontsunamigenic earthquakes in the near-source zone. Earthquake source depth and moment magnitude were considered as predictors. The training dataset consisted of 767 M6.0+ submarine earthquakes, including 80 tsunamigenic and 687 nontsunamigenic events that occurred in the northern part of the Pacific Ocean from 1960 to 2020. The target area has already experienced significant and catastrophic tsunamis. The current analysis clearly showed that the data-driven logit model had a significantly lower false discovery rate relative to the threshold magnitude criteria that are widely used by tsunami warning agencies. At the same time, the balanced accuracy was about 71%, which suggests optimism for accurate tsunami forecasting based on the rapid interpretation of earthquake source parameters.
Prognostic Implications for Patients After Myocardial Infarction: an Integrative Literature Review and in-depth Interviews With Patients and Experts
Authors: Hwang Seon Young , Kim Sun Hwa , Uhm In Ae , Shin Jeong-Hun , Lim Young-Hyo
Published: March 2022

Background: As patients with myocardial infarction (MI) survive for a long time after acute treatment, it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention of poor prognosis such as heart failure (HF). To identify the influencing factors of adverse clinical outcomes through a review of prospective cohort studies of post-MI patients, and to draw prognostic implications through in-depth interviews with post-MI patients who progressed to HF and clinical experts. Methods: A mixed-method design was used that combined a scoping review of 21 prospective cohort studies, in-depth interviews with Korean post-MI patients with HF, and focus group interviews with cardiologists and nurses. Results: A literature review showed that old age, diabetes, high Killip class, low left ventricular ejection fraction, recurrent MI, comorbidity of chronic disease and current smoking, and low socioeconomic status were identified as influencing factors of poor prognosis. Through interviews with post-MI patients, these influencing factors identified in the literature as well as a lack of disease awareness and lack of self-care were confirmed. Experts emphasized the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle after acute treatment with the recognition that it is a chronic disease that must go together for a lifetime. Conclusion: This study confirmed the factors influencing poor prognosis after MI and the educational needs of post-MI patients with transition to HF. Healthcare providers should continue to monitor the risk group, which is expected to have a poor prognosis, along with education emphasizing the importance of self-care such as medication and lifestyle modification.
Potent insecticidal activity of Eleocharis dulcis peel extract and its main components against aphids
Authors: Li Jingjing , Wang Mingsi , Zhao Yujing , Yu Hualong , Zhang Xinxin , Feng Yingjian , Dong Lili , Zhang Lihui , Dong Jinggao , Li Yaofa , Ma Shujie
Published: March 2022

Aphids are significant pests of the cash crops and food farm crops. Botanical insecticides are safe for aphid control, especially in organic agriculture. In this study, Eleocharis dulcis peel extract (EDPE), a new botanical insecticide, was investigated for its active compositions against several agricultural aphids. The results showed that the EDPE had high insecticidal activity against Sitobion avenae, Aphis gossypii, Megoura crassicauda, and Acyrthosiphon pisum, with the half lethal concentration (LC50) values of 95.92, 81.04, 140.31, and 255.73 mg/L after 48 h treatment. In the pot culture assay, the aphicidal effects of 25% EDPE soluble liquid (SL) at a concentration of 0.016% were 68.98%, 79.33%, and 88.82% after the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days of treatment, respectively. Nine compounds were identified by bioactivity-directed fractionation, which was dimethoxy-6, 6-dimethylpyranoisoflavone (1), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxylonchocarpin (2), 4-hydroxylonchocarpin (3), 4-methoxylonchocarpin (4), barbigerone (5), lonchocarpusone (6), 6a, 12a-dehydrodeguelin (7), 13-homo-13-oxa-6a,12a-dehydrodeguelin (8) and deguelin (9). Among them, 4-hydroxylonchocarpin (3) showed the highest aphidicidal activity against M. crassicauda, S. avenae, and A. pisum, with the LC50 values of 97.24, 140.63, and 112.31 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, EDPE and its major component 4-hydroxylonchocarpin are probably used as new botanical insecticides to control aphids.
Behavioral toxicity and pharmacokinetics of PCB 77 and PCB 180 in Swiss albino mouse: A single dose inhalation toxicity risk assessment
Authors: Muthusamy Sivaselvakumar , Narayanan Ramanujam
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Polychlorinated Biphenyls pose hazards to humans as environmental and occupational workplace pollutants, despite which, though they are regulated in India, their use is not yet banned. Hence, the pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of PCBs after inhalational exposures of Aroclor 1232 in Swiss albino mice were assessed in this study, with an objective to correlate these effects with monoamine levels in brain and extrapolate them to rodent and human risk assessments. Methods: A whole body inhalational chamber has been utilized to expose mice to different doses of Aroclor 1232 for single six-hour durations. The plasma and brain samples were harvested at nine different time points during and after the exposures. These samples were used to estimate the corresponding concentration-time profiles of two representative congeners of PCBs (PCB 77 and PCB 180) and calculate their pharmacokinetic parameters. These variables were then correlated with mouse behavior using Irwin scale, and monoamine levels at Tmax.Results: A definite dose-dependence of PCB 77 and PCB 180 pharmacokinetic parameters was identified in plasma and brain. PCB 77 exhibited more accumulation in brain than plasma, whereas PCB 180 accumulated more in plasma than brain. Mood, autonomic scores, and miscellaneous sub domains were significantly different from control group scores in these domains. The changes in the mood and miscellaneous domains on the Irwin scale could be ascribed to higher brain PCB 77 AUC0-t; whereas changes in autonomic functions could be ascribed to higher plasma PCB 180 levels. Dose-responses with monoamines followed linear (5-HT), non-monotonic (DA) and exponential (NA) relationships till 6 hours of exposure. Conclusion: The pharmacokinetic parameters of PCB 180 and PCB 77 after acute inhalational exposures to Aroclor 1232 were obtained and this was temporally correlated with disruption of behavioral scores in dose-dependent manner. These could have a relationship with brain monoamine changes at Tmax.
Influence of Playing Position, Training Day and Match on the Acceleration - Speed Profile of Elite Football Players
Authors: Alonso-Callejo Antonio , Garcia-Unanue Jorge , Perez-Guerra Andres , Gomez David , Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Gallardo Leonor , Oliva-Lozano Jose Maria , Felipe Jose Luis
Published: March 2022

The acceleration-speed profile (A-S profile) is a new method to evaluate physical and determinant capabilities such as acceleration (ACC) and speed (S) in sports. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in the A-S profile of elite football players induced by playing position and microcycle day. Players belonged to a second division club of Spanish competition La Liga. They were classified into six playing positions: central defenders (CD), full backs (FB), midfielders (MF), wide midfielders (WMF) and forwards (FW). Data was collected along six microcycles including one match per microcycle. The variables analyzed included: maximal theoretical acceleration (A0), maximal theoretical speed (S0), maximal acceleration (ACCmax), maximal speed (Smax) and A-S slope (ASslope). Significance differences were found within positions and microcycle day for all variables (p<0.05). MD showed greater values than the training sessions in A0, ACCmax and Smax (p<0.05). Highest values for variables associated to acceleration capabilities were found in CD on MD, whereas speed variables were higher in WMF. MD-2 showed the lowest values in all variables except for ASslope. In conclusion, the results show that exist differences on the A-S profile depending on the playing position and the microcycle day. Assessing the A-S profile could help to individualize the training sessions depending on playing position demands and to check that competitions requirements are achieved during microcycle.
Diagnostic Value of Fully Automated Artificial Intelligence Powered Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring from 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Morf Claudia , Sartoretti Thomas , Gennari Antonio G. , Maurer Alexander , Skawran Stephan , Giannopoulos Andreas A. , Sartoretti Elisabeth , Schwyzer Moritz , Curioni-Fontecedro Alessandra , Gebhard Catherine , Buechel Ronny , Kaufmann Philipp A. , Huellner Martin W. , Messerli Michael
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and accuracy of a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI) powered coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) method on ungated CT in oncologic patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT.Materials and Methods: A total of 100 oncologic patients examined between 2007 and 2015 were retrospectively included. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and cardiac SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) by 99mTc-tetrofosmin within 6 months. CACS was manually performed on non-contrast ECG-gated CT scans obtained from SPECT-MPI (i.e. reference standard). Additionally, CACS was performed fully automatically using a cloud-based, user-independent tool (AI-CACS) on non-contrast, free-breathing, ungated CT scans from 18F-FDG-PET/CT examinations. Agatston scores from the manual CACS and AI-CACS were compared. Results: On a per-patient basis, the AI-CACS tool achieved a sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 90% for the detection of coronary calcifications. Interscore agreement of CAC scores between manual CACS and AI-CACS was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.827, 0.918). Interclass agreement of risk categories was 0.8 in weighted Kappa analysis with a reclassification rate of 44% and an underestimation of one risk category by AI-CACS in 39% of cases. On a per-vessel basis, interscore agreement of CAC scores ranged from 0.716 (95%CI: 0.605, 0.799) for the circumflex artery to 0.863 (95%CI: 0.803, 0.906) for the left anterior descending artery. Conclusion: Fully automated AI-CACS as performed on non-contrast free-breathing, ungated CT scans from 18F-FDG-PET/CT examinations is feasible and provides a good estimation of CAC burden. CAC load on ungated CT is, however, generally underestimated by AI-CACS which should be taken into account when considering recommending further diagnostic workup for coronary heart disease.
Impact of Short-term Weight Loss on Hemostasis and Trombosis After Obesity Surgery
Authors: Taha Ahmed , Eroglu Hasan , DEMİRBAŞ İskender Eren , DEMİR Berkay
Published: March 2022

Background
Metabolic disorders such as deficiency of vitamins and electrolyte imbalance may cause coagulation problems after bariatric surgery. In early postsurgical period, deplation of vitamin K dependent coagulation factors may increase the risk of hemorrhage.
Aim
We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of rapid weight loss in early period after bariatric surgery on coagulation system.
Materials & Method
This study had a prospective nature. We have enrolled 28 patients with a BMI < 40 kg/m2 who underwent bariatric surgery in our institution. Patients were discharged with vitamin K free multivitamin complex medication. Preoperative and postoperative (at the end of first and third months) demographic criterias – such as age, gender, weight, height, use of alcohol and/or tabacco and biochemical parameters such as PLT, PT, aPTT, INR, bleeding time, coagulation time, fibrinogen, D – Dimer, albümin, calcium, ionized calcium, vitamin D and PTH were analyzed.
Results
The success of bariatric operation has been elaborated with the weight loss in the first month compared top pre-operative period (p < 0.001), decrease in BMI in the first month compared top pre-operative period (p < 0.001), weight loss in the third month compared to pre-operative period (p < 0.001), decrease in BMI in the third month compared top pre-operative period (p < 0.001), weight loss in the third month compared to first month (p < 0.001) and decrease in BMI in the third month compared to first month. The first month % EWL and % EBMIL scores were 21.7% (ranging between 13.0–45.6%) and 25.2% (13.8–49.7%) respectively. The third month %EWL and % EBMIL scores were 40.6% (ranging between 27.1–67.5%) and 45.5% (ranging between 29.4–76.6%).
Conclusion
Tromboembolic events have crucial importance with the converse scenario of hemorrhagic diathesis during the first months of obesity surgery. In early postoperative period, vitamin support and low dose antitrombotic agents should be recommended.
Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting Gastric Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Khamis Salem Saeed Saad , Zhang ZhiFang , Liao Yingying
Published: March 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
A prediction model for risk factors of stage II to III colon cancer based on postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen and tumor deposition: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Pu Hongjiang , Pang Xiaolin , Chen Yaxue , Ma Jianguo , Wu Runhong , Zhang Dafu
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to establish a recurrence risk prediction model composed of postoperative CEA combined with pathological features for postoperative recurrence risk stratification in stage II to III colon cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1,321 patients who underwent radical surgery for stage II/III colon cancer from April 2008 to January 2019. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the independent recurrence prognostic factors of patients with recurrence-free survival (RFS). The recurrence risk score was established based on independent recurrence prognostic factors, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the patient's recurrence-free survival curve and overall survival (OS) curve.Results: The median follow-up period of all patients was 49.73 months. Multivariate analysis of COX proportional hazards model showed that postoperative CEA increased (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5), higher stage N (HR, 2.0; 95 % CI, 1.1-3.5), tumor deposition (HR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.5) is independently associated with shorter RFS. The recurrence risk score is an independent stratified prognostic factor of RFS and OS.Conclusion: Based on postoperative CEA, N stage and tumor deposition positive are powerful predictors of recurrence survival and prognosis for patients with stage II to III colon cancer.
On fault vs. off-fault seismicity: the role of rock vs. fault rheology
Authors: Collettini Cristiano , De Paola Nicola , Barchi Massimiliano , Trippetta Fabio , Tinti Elisa
Published: March 2022

Analysis of seismicity can illuminate active fault zone structures but also pervasive deformation occurring within large volumes of the seismogenic zone. Here we show that, for the Mw 6.5 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence, seismicity not only localizes along SW-dipping normal faults, but also occurs within larger volumes of Triassic Evaporites, TE, composed of alternated anhydrites and dolostones. This off-fault and diffuse microseismicity shows a different frequency-magnitude distribution than on-fault seismicity along the structures hosting the largest events. We interpret that, during the sequence, shear strain-rate increase promoted widespread ductile deformation within TE that light-up with diffuse microseismicity. This interpretation is supported by field and laboratory observations showing that TE background ductile deformation is complex and dominated by distributed failure and folding of the anhydrites associated with boudinage fracturing and faulting of dolostones. Our results indicate that ductile crustal deformation can cause off-fault and diffuse microseismicity, which obeys to different scaling laws than on-fault seismicity on structures characterized by elasto-frictional stick-sip behaviour.
Assessment of ground deformation and seismicity associated to fluid injection and oil/gas extraction in the Argentinian Patagonia
Authors: Tamburini-Beliveau Guillermo , Grosso-Heredia Javier A. , Béjar-Pizarro Marta , Pérez-López Raúl , Portela-Fernández Juan , Cismondi-Duarte Martín , Monserrat Oriol
Published: March 2022

The exploitation of both conventional and non-conventional hydrocarbons may lead to still not well-known environmental consequences such as ground deformation and induced/triggered seismicity. Identifying and characterizing these effects is fundamental for prevention or mitigation purposes, especially when they impact populated areas. Two case studies of such effects on hydrocarbon-producing basins in Argentina, the Neuquén and the Golfo de San Jorge, are presented in this work. The intense hydrocarbon production activities in recent years and their potential link with the occurrence of two earthquakes of magnitude 4.9 and 5 near the operating well fields is assessed. A joint analysis of satellite radar interferometry and records of fluid injection and extraction demonstrate that, between 2018 and 2020, vertical ground displacements occurred in both study areas over active well fields that might indicate a correlation to hydrocarbon production activities. Coseismic deformation models of the two earthquakes constrain source depths to less than 2 km. The absence of seismicity before the beginning of the hydrocarbon activities in both areas, and the occurrence of the two largest and shallow earthquakes in the vicinity of the active well fields just after intensive production periods, points towards the potential association between both phenomena.
Computerized Three-dimensional Cephalometric Template for Thai Adults
Authors: Duangsuwan Jeenarat , Raocharernporn Somchart , Thiradilok Sasipa , Manopatanakul Somchai
Published: March 2022

Background: With its increased accessibility, the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is gradually expanding around the world. CBCT images can be reconstructed to form three-dimensional (3D) images that resemble the actual morphology of a patient's skull, and this can be useful in cephalometric analysis and teledentistry. In this study, we aimed to develop 3D templates for Thai adults based on cephalometric landmark coordinates obtained from skull CBCT scans.Methods: Full head CBCT scans of a total of 39 subjects (18 males and 21 females) were obtained. The scans were taken in a normal head position and the coordinates of 21 important cephalometric landmarks were identified using Slicer 4.10.2 software. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess inter- and intra-examiner reliability. Independent samples t-tests were used to compare all mean coordinates between male and female subjects. Results: All landmark coordinates were accurately traced and analyzed. ICC values of 0.97-0.99 were obtained, confirming measurement reliability. Most of the Z-axis coordinates were statistically different between males and females. As a result, using the means of the landmark coordinates, 3D cephalometric templates for adult Thai males and females were generated separately.Conclusion: 3D cephalometric templates for Thai adults were created, and it is recommended to be used most effectively for Thai adults to detect deviations in skull morphology from the population norm.
Assessment of left atrial functions in active rheumatoid arthritis patients using different echo-Doppler modalities.
Authors: Elbeialy Adel , Elnaggar Basma , Abou-Elhassan Hanaa , roshdy Eman , Sabry Seham , Al-Ghoubary Mohamed , Zaki Eman
Published: March 2022

Background: left atrium (LA) plays an important role in maintaining optimal cardiac output. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor that can affect all cardiac chambers and functions, especially in active disease.Aim of the study: To evaluate the effect of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis disease on left atrial functions using different echo-Doppler modalities.Methods: Sixty-five patients with RA without evidence of previous cardiovascular disease and 36 healthy control subjects were included. Echo-Doppler examination was done with measurements included LV dimensions, ejection fraction, trans-mitral Doppler flow and tissue Doppler velocities , LA dimensions, volumes, phasic LA peak strain and LA global longitudinal strain. Results: 39 patients had an active disease while 26 were in remission. The two patients’ groups had higher values of LV internal dimensions, LA volumes, and early diastolic peak strain as a surrogate of the conduit function compared to the control group. On the other hand, they had lower values of LV-EF, FS, mitral E/A ratio & Em and lower values of parameters of reservoir & contractile function, compared to the control subjects. There were no significant differences between the 2 patients’ groups in all measures except for a significantly lower value of LA GLS in active RA compared to patients in remission (p=0.001). The LA-GLS correlated significantly with RA disease activity score (r=0.60, p<0.001).Conclusion: LA function is impaired in RA and this impairment correlates with the disease activity. The LA-GLS is superior in the detection of subclinical left atrial dysfunction.
Study on Formation Mechanism of Serrated Chip of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Based on Shear Slip Theory
Authors: Zhu Xiaohua , Shi Jiangmiao , Liu Yunhai , Jiang Yuhong , Zhou Bowen , Zhao Xiao
Published: March 2022

Titanium alloy is a typical hard-to-machine metal and a lot of serrated chips are often formed in the cutting process. The appearance of serrated chips will not only cause the fluctuation of cutting force, resulting in the decline of cutting accuracy, but also lead to the rapid wear of tools. In this study, the formation mechanism of serrated chip of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy was investigated by a two-dimensional cutting simulation model of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, which was established by using the Johnson-Cook constitutive model and Johnson-Cook fracture model. It is found that shear slip occurs with the decrease of the shear band and the overall stress during the formation of serrated chips. The peak temperature is reached at the end of the shear band. Meanwhile, the "dead zone" of temperature and stress is formed near the edge of the tool, which has an obvious periodic alternating trend in the cutting process, resulting in the macro curl and micro serration of chips.
Influence of field of view size and reconstruction methods on single-energy metal artifact reduction: a phantom study
Authors: Tsuboi Kunihito , Osaki Naoko , Ohtani Yuki , Tanikawa Ken , Kaneko Masanori
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of single-energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR) for metal artifacts using CT images reconstructed with adaptive iterative dose reduction three dimensional (AIDR3D) and advanced intelligent clear-IQ engine (AiCE) in calibration-field of view of various sizes. A prosthetic hip joint was arranged at the center of the phantom. The phantom images were scanned by changing calibration-field of view of 320 mm and 500 mm, and were reconstructed using filtered back-projection (FBP), AIDR3D, and AiCE with and without SEMAR, respectively. The metal artifact reduction with SEMAR was evaluated by calculated the relative artifact index value and visual scores in degree of artifact by seven radiology technologists. Relative artifact index of FBP, AIDR3D, and AiCE with 320 mm/500 mm calibration-field of views were 10.2/10.0, 16.3/16.4, and 17.8/17.9 without SEMAR, 3.3/3.1, 2.6/2.5, and 2.3/2.0 with SEMAR, respectively. Visual scores were not significantly different between 320 mm and 500 mm calibration-field of views in all reconstruction methods. The effect of metal artifact reduction was not affected by calibration-field of view sizes in the SEMAR combined with AIDR3D or AiCE.
Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction treated by Tongxinluo after percutaneous coronary intervention by tissue mitral annulus displacement technique
Authors: Qin Wenjuan , Zhai Zijing , Feng Jia , Tian Ruimeng , Wang Zhen , Huang Lei , Lu Guilin , Dong Shanshan
Published: March 2022

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the value of the tissue mitral annular displacement (TMAD) technique in evaluating left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) treated by Tongxinluo after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Sixty patients with acute STEMI who underwent emergency PCI were randomly assigned to either the conventional group or the Tongxinluo group. Conventional echocardiography, two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) and TMAD were performed 72 hours and 12 months after PCI. The following parameters were obtained: left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke output (SV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF-Simpson), global longitudinal strain of left ventricle (GLS), left ventricular global circumferential strain (GCS), septal displacement (TMAD-sep), lateral displacement (TMAD-lat), midpoint displacement (TMAD-midpt) and the percentage of TMAD to LV length from the midpoint of the mitral annulus to the apex at end-diastolic (TMAD-midpt%). And LVEF was measured by three-dimensional automated cardiac function quantification (3DQA) (LVEF-3DQA). Statistical analysis was used to analyze the differences in the above indicators among the groups and their correlations. Results: 12 months after PCI, compared with the conventional group, LVEDD, LVESD and SV decreased, LVEF-Simpson, LVEF-3DQA, GLS, GCS and TMAD parameters increased in the Tongxinluo group (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that TMAD parameters were positively correlated with GLS and LVEF-3DQA, and TMAD-midpt% had the highest correlation with GLS and LVEF-3DQA (r = 0.829，P < 0.01；r = 0.754，P < 0.01), and TMAD-midpt% had good repeatability and good repeatability. Conclusion: TMAD can be used to evaluate the protective effect of Tongxinluo on left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute STEMI after PCI.
Elucidation of Partial Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 and Identification of Potential Partial Agonist: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Structure-Based Virtual Screening
Authors: Uba Abdullahi Ibrahim , Aluwala Harika , Liu Haiguang , Wu Chun
Published: March 2022

Cannabinoid receptors type 2 (CB2R) is a member of class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) family and a component of the endocannabinoid system modulated by a psychoactive chemical from Cannabis sativa, partial agonist Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). Selective activation of CB2R allows for the treatment of inflammatory and immune-related conditions without the psychotropic effects of CB1R. While CB2R-selective agonists are available, CB2R partial agonists are scarce. Hence, the pharmacological difference between CB2R full agonist and partial agonist remains to be deciphered, prompting the search for novel partial agonists. Here, using an induced-fit docking approach, we built a partial agonist Δ9-THC bound CB2R system from the inactive CB2R structure (PDB ID: 5ZTY) and performed microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulations reveal an upward shift of the “toggle switch” W6.48(258) and minor outward movement of the transmembrane helix 6 (TM6). The Dynamics network model identifies possible communication path between the ligand and the toggle switch” W6.48(258). Furthermore, to identify novel CB2R partial agonists, we conducted structure-based virtual screening of ZINC15 “Druglike” library containing 17,900742 compounds against 3 conformations derived from MD simulation of CB2R complexed with partial agonist Δ9-THC using Glide virtual screening protocol comprising various filters with increasing accuracy. The top 30 hits (10 compounds for each conformation) were subjected to molecular dynamics simulation, MM-GBSA binding energy calculations, and further ADMET prediction. Nine diverse compounds with higher MM-GBSA scores and good ADMET properties are proposed as novel potential CB2R partial agonists.
In vitro expansion of T. gondii tachyzoites using a magnetic aggregation 3D cell culture
Authors: Nascimento Ana Crisitna Gomes , Silva Giovana Dias da , Rocha Leonardo Wilans Pereira de Souza , Passos Priscila de Queiroz Souza , Galisteo Andrés Jimenez , Ekman Luciana Regina Meireles Jaguaribe , Vieira Daniel Perez
Published: March 2022

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite capable of infecting a wide range of living beings, including felines that are the definitive hosts of the disease, toxoplasmosis, and livestock, birds and fish. In humans, the parasite can also be present in a latent or cystic form, the latter being able to become chronic, leading to lodging in brain, retina or muscles. Infection occurs upon consuming water or food contaminated with oocysts. The tachyzoites of RH strain have fast replication and relative difficulty of maintanence exclusively in vitro, often requiring stages of in vivo cultivation in experimental animals. Three-dimensional nanoestrutucured cell cultures can be helpful to build new forms of in vitro production with potential gains in practicality and yield. This work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of use of three-dimensional culture of murine fibroblasts aggregated to nanoparticles as substrate for T. gondii tachyzoites with the intention of facilitating the management and in vitro replication of the parasite. Magnetic aggregation was used to produce cell spheroids, which were infected with tachyzoites of RH strain and maintained in culture. After infection spheroids were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy with 3D rendering of image stacks. The presence of the parasite was confirmed by PCR and the number of free parasites in culture was evaluated by flow cytometry. The three-dimensional culture model used showed sustainable production of tachyzoites within 24 hours after inoculum, showing itself as a potential surrogate for the use of animals for the maintenance of the parasite.
Expression Of Rad6, Ddb2 And Cancer Stem Cell / Csc Protein (Cd44+/Cd24-) On Therapy Response To The Administration Of Chemotherapy In Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Flow Cytometry Study
Authors: Sihombing Unedo Hence Markus , Andrijono Andrijono , Purwoto Gatot , Gandamihardja Supriadi , Harahap Alida R. , Rustamadji Primariadewi , Kekalih Aria , Fuady Dzicky Rifqi
Published: March 2022

Objective: Ovarian cancer is the 8th deadliest women’s cancer in the world. In 2018 there were 295.414 new cases with 184.799 deaths. In Indonesia, there are 13.310 (7,1%) ovarian cancer of 188.231 female cancer with an incidence of 9,7/100,000. Almost all patients experienced chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis after cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Chemo-resistant cancer cells have characteristic expressions of RAD6, DDB2, and cancer stem cell proteins (CSCs, CD44+/CD24-). RAD6 is a UBE2 enzyme required for DNA repair, mutagenesis, and proliferation. DNA damage-binding protein 2 (DDB2) protein is an amino acid that repairs the excision of nucleotides in DNA. CD44+/CD24- protein is a transmembrane glycoprotein. Increased expression of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and decreased DDB2 are believed to be associated with chemoresistance, recurrence, and poor prognosis of the disease. Methods: This study is a prospective cohort of 32 people in each group at the Obstetrics-gynecology and pathology Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo, Tarakan, Dharmais, and Fatmawati Hospital. All suspected ovarian cancer patients will undergo cytoreductive debulking and histopathological examination. Chemotherapy will be given for six series followed by six months of observation. We determine therapy response with the RECIST Criteria (Response Criteria in Solid Tumors) then classify it into chemo-resistant or chemo-sensitive groups. The patient will perform Flow cytometry blood tests to examine the expression of RAD6 and DDB2 and CD44+/CD24-. We used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate (logistic regression) analysis in this research.Results: There was a significant relationship between increased levels of CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and reduced DDB2 protein (p<0,05) with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Logistic regression test showed that the results of CD44+/CD24‑ also had significant results compared to other variables. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD44+/CD24-, RAD6, and DDB2 are significantly associated with ovarian cancer chemoresistance, and CD44+/CD24- is the primary marker to predict ovarian cancer chemoresistance.
WITHDRAWN: Retrospective investigation of origin, epidemiology and genetic characteristics of the dengue fever outbreak in Yunnan, China from 2017 to 2018
Authors: Jin Ningyi , Wang Wei , Liu Yumeng , Guo Xiaofang , Yu Ning , Wei Chun , Li Chenghui , Nan Fulong , Zheng Min , Sun Wenchao , Luo Tingrong , Zhou Hongning , Lu Huijun
Published: March 2022

Dengue has become a worldwide public health problem. In recent years, Dengue has broken out in multiple countries and regions. From 2017 to 2018, a dengue epidemic broke out in Yunnan of China and neighboring Southeast Asian countries (Laos and Myanmar). In this study, retrospective detection and genetic characterization of Dengue virus (DENV) strains were carried out between 2017 and 2018 in Yunnan, China. The dengue outbreak in Yunnan, China in 2017 was mainly caused by DENV1, while the dengue outbreak in 2018 was caused by DENV1 and DENV2. Among them, DENV2 plays a dominant role. Then, three complete sequence and ten envelope (E) gene sequences were obtained through PCR. YN/324 and YN/017 were isolated from Myanmar travelers, and YN/117 isolate from Laos travelers. In addition, YN/007 isolate has 13 nucleotides (10270 nt -10282 nt) deletions in the 3′ UTRs, which leads to significant changes in the RNA secondary structure. Multiple sequence alignment E gene sequences revealed that these locally isolates share high homology (> 99.5%) with the isolates from Myanmar and Laos. The phylogenetic divergence analysis also revealed that most of the local isolates were closely related to the isolates from Myanmar and Laos. YN/033 strain belong to genotype V of DENV1, and it was detected in Yunnan after 2013. Other isolates of DENV1 in this study were clustered in a branch representing genotype I. These isolates of DENV2 in this study belonged to Asia I, Asia II and Cosmopolitan. Further analyzed the relationship between the evolutionary tree branching and amino acid substitution of genotype revealed that multiple amino acid substitutions are related to the genetic evolution of DENV1 or DENV2, respectively. Similarly, genotype 1 of DENV1 can be divided into 4 subgroups based on the amino acid substitutions. In addition, twelve amino acid mutations are unique to the isolate in this study and have never been reported. Interestingly, recombination analysis found that both DENV1 and DENV2 isolates in this study had widespread intra-serotype recombination. In summary, the results of the epidemiological investigation implies that the dengue outbreak in Yunnan of China was mainly caused by imported cases. This research provides new reference for further research on the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of DENV in Yunnan, China, as well as the variation characteristics of these novel isolates.