bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature Dependent Life Cycle Analyses of Anodes from Coal-Derived Carbons
Authors: Paul Abigail , Magee Regan , Wilczewski Warren , Wolfe Kody D , Wichert Nathan , Trembly Jason , Staser John A. , Garrick Taylor R.
Published: February 2024

Degradation of lithium-ion cells is generally manifested in active material loss (on either the negative or positive electrode), lithium inventory loss, or an increase in cell resistance.1 The underlying mechanisms resulting in said degradation are numerous and complex. For example, both the obvious growth of the solution electrolyte interface (SEI) or current collector dissolution may cause an increase in cell resistance over the lifetime of cell operation. The objective of this work is to utilize temperature dependency as a probe to elucidate and better understand the degradation of lithium-ion cells employing coal-derived graphite anodes. The coal derived materials are contrasted with traditional anode materials through coulombic efficiency vs. capacity retention comparisons, voltage slip analyses, and post cycling characterization at various temperatures. The behavior at temperature extremes is highlighted and emphasis is placed on quantifying the effect of temperature on the prominent degradation modes.

References

C. R. Birkl, M. R. Roberts, E. McTurk, P. G. Bruce, and D. A. Howey, J. Power Sources, 341, 373–386 (2017).
Battery Emulator for Coupled Electro-Thermo Powertrain Testing
Authors: Peskar Jarrett , Sado Kerry , Downey Austin , Booth Kristen , Khan Jamil
Published: February 2024

Approved, DCN# 543-443-23

Battery emulation systems are useful for testing and evaluating powertrain systems; but typically,only consider the electrical characteristics of a battery. Powertrains with shared cooling components/systems between batteries and power electronics would benefit from hardware-in-the-loop testing facilities that consider both the electrical and thermal aspects of energy storage. In this work a battery emulator that physically emulates both the electrical and thermal characteristics with a coupled electro-thermal powertrain testbed is demonstrated. The coupled electro-thermo model links the electrical and thermal outputs together and calculates them in real-time. The electrical model is an equivalent circuit representation of a battery making use of experimental data from tested cells. The electrical model is coupled to the thermal model through temperature-dependent parameters of the cell resistance and open circuit voltages. The thermal model is a lumped isothermal reduced order heat generation model. This model will calculate the net heat generated from the ohmic losses, entropic losses, and losses to cooling (liquid and ambient). The thermal model is coupled to the electrical model by being dependent on the cell’s state of charge and using the cell’s current and voltage outputs for its governing equations. Models are parameterized on experimental data acquired through pulsed hybrid testing. In this work, a 3.5 kWh battery pack with a discharge of 40 amps at 48 volts generating 38.4 Watts of heat is emulated in an electro-thermo powertrain testbed configured to represent an electric naval platform such as a small autonomous boat subjected to both baseline and pulsed loading. The electrical emulation is performed through a bidirectional power supply and thermal emulation through a resistive heater. The electro-thermo powertrain testbed then dissipates the emulated electrical energy through power convertors and electronic loads while the thermal energy is dissipated through a heat exchanger that also cools the power convertors. Numerical and experimental validation demonstrate that the coupled electro-thermo battery emulator is capable of accurately representing the electrical and thermal aspects of a 3.5 kWh battery. Limitations in terms of

emulating batteries at higher temperatures and current draws are discussed. Effects of scaling the coupled electro-thermo battery emulator are also presented.

Acknowledgment: This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under contract NO.

N00014-22-C-1003

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited
Enhancing Temperature-Dependent Li-Ion Battery Behavior Predictions with Transfer Learning
Authors: Sudarshan Meghana , Tomar Vikas
Published: February 2024

Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are crucial in modern energy applications, with their performance significantly influenced by temperature variations. LiBs undergo temperature-dependent chemo-mechanical processes that contribute to capacity fade. Accurate assessment of capacity degradation during cycling necessitates consideration of various factors, including temperature, depth of discharge, cell chemistry, charge/discharge rate, and others. Publicly accessible datasets often encompass only a restricted spectrum of the aforementioned battery health influencers. However, obtaining comprehensive real-world data encompassing diverse temperature conditions poses challenges and requires substantial resources. To address the data scarcity, we propose a novel approach utilizing transfer learning to improve predictive models for temperature-dependent behavior in Li-ion batteries. In this study, we generate synthetic data simulating battery behavior under specific temperature ranges. The pre-training of the machine learning model on this synthetic data enables the capture of complex interplays between temperature and battery phenomena, identifying unique patterns and relationships. Subsequently, we transfer the acquired knowledge to the target domain, facilitating predictions for battery behavior under varying temperature conditions. Fine-tuning the pre-trained model using real-world data from the target domain ensures adaptability to new temperature conditions. The data efficiency gained from synthetic data generation in the source domain allows effective pre-training, even with limited real-world data in specific temperature regimes. Moreover, the model with its transfer learning method acquires a robust understanding of the underlying features governing temperature-dependent battery behavior, enabling better generalization and enhanced predictions for effective battery management across diverse environmental conditions. In addition to the sensitivity analysis to identify the most significant impact on the predictive model’s performance in the focused temperature range, we compare the performance of the fine-tuned model with other predictive models that do not utilize transfer learning. Our findings could offer cost-effective, rapid, and accurate predictions, ensuring robust performance in scenarios with limited real-world data. As the demand for Li-ion batteries grows across various applications, these insights hold significant potential in advancing the development of efficient and reliable energy storage systems.
Thermal Behavior Test and Simulation of Fresh and Aged Lfp/Lto Rechargeable Cells
Authors: Ma Miaomiao
Published: February 2024

The thermal behavior of fresh and aged LiFePO4/Li4Ti5O12 (LFP/LTO) 26650 cells at 30% and 100% state of charge (SOC) was studied by Accelerating Rate Calorimetry (ARC). No thermal runaway was observed from the ARC tests on the LFP/LTO cells. The heat generation of each reaction during the thermal heating including LFP/electrolyte, LTO/electrolyte, and electrolyte decomposition was analyzed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thermal parameters were extracted from DSC test results and used in the ARC simulation to analyze the contribution of heat generation of each component. Major contribution of the heat generation at 100% SOC is the reaction between LTO and electrolyte at around 200oC. Reactions between LFP and electrolyte occurs at a high temperature close to the electrolyte decomposition at temperature above 250oC. At 30% SOC, the heat generation amount from both electrodes are similar. Aged cell electrodes showed benign thermal behavior comparing to the fresh cell electrodes. In spite of the observation of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) decomposition on the DSC of LTO/electrolyte, no corresponding heat generation was captured in the ARC test of full cell, which indicates the difference on SEI formation in full cell and half-cell contains LTO. Overall the LFP/LTO shows minimal self-heating under ARC conditions and exhibits beneficial safety features.
Electrochemistry-Based Diagnosis of Li Plating for Fast-Charging Li-Ion Batteries
Authors: Shin Hong Rim , Kim Siwon , Lee Jong-Won
Published: February 2024

Recent innovations in battery technologies have facilitated the development and widespread use of electric vehicles (EVs), by increasing the energy density of batteries while lowering their cost. Despite the rapid growth of the EV market, the long charging time of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) remains as a major obstacle for expanding customer acceptance of EVs. Typically, graphite-based anodes in the state-of-the-art LIBs suffer from Li plating under fast-charging conditions, which causes severe performance degradations and early cell failure of batteries. To prevent the Li plating-induced failure, extensive research efforts have been devoted to developing diagnostic methods capable of detecting Li plating. The electrochemical analysis of Li plating enables non-destructive, in operando detection without complicated experimental procedures or special equipment.

Herein, we present a non-destructive method for detecting Li plating during fast-charge cycling by analyzing current transients during the constant-voltage charging step, based on electrochemical battery models. Three-dimensional (3D) and pseudo-two-dimensional (P2D) battery models are employed to predict the electrochemical behavior of full cells under fast-charging conditions. 3D model enables the evaluation of local electrochemical properties, such as local reaction current densities and electrode potentials, which are largely affected by the microstructure of the electrode. Furthermore, P2D models are employed to investigate the effect of changes in microstructural properties (e.g., porosity and fraction of active surface of the graphite anode) on electrochemical behavior of full cells.

For 3D modeling, the 3D Voronoi tessellation and Catmull-Clark algorithm are employed to construct the model geometry of graphite anodes. 3D modeling results predict that upon fast-charging, the charge-transfer potential on the top surface of graphite anode rapidly drops below 0 V vs. Li/Li+, triggering Li plating. To extract the electrochemical signals of Li plating, the fast-charging behaviors of full cells are investigated by using the P2D model with a partially reversible Li plating–stripping reaction. In specific, the constant-current and constant-voltage (CC-CV) charging process of the full cells with graphite anodes is simulated with Li plating-induced degradation modes; reduction of (i) interparticle pores, (ii) active surface area for Li intercalation reaction, and (iii) cyclable Li amount. Modeling results demonstrate that an inflection point appears in the current transient curve, and it shows a positive shift when the Li plating-induced degradation occurs. Electrochemical tests and microstructural analyses further confirm the validity of proposed electrochemical detection of Li plating. This study provides an effective strategy to design electrochemical methods for Li plating detection during fast-charging batteries based on electrochemistry-based models.
(Digital Presentation) Chemical Workflow of Characterizing Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes: From SEM-Eds PCA and FIB Tof-SIMS Analysis to XPS
Authors: Jiao Chengge , Zhang Fang , Shao Ruijie , Stephens Chris , Nunney Tim
Published: February 2024

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have revolutionized energy storage technology, with cathode materials playing a pivotal role in their performance. Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) cathodes are essential components, where the nickel (Ni) content profoundly influences battery capacity and cycle time. Traditional methods, such as SEM-EDS element mapping, have limitations in resolving distinct NMC phases. To address this, we employ Principal Component Analysis (PCA) phase mapping, unveiling intricate NMC phase distinctions.

Furthermore, we investigate into the crucial aspect of lithium-ion distribution within the cathode using Focused Ion Beam Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (FIB ToF-SIMS). This technique, when integrated a compact SIMS detector with a DualBeam microscope, provides invaluable insights into lithiation and delithiation processes regarding to battery cycling. Our finding on an electrode revealing that discharged cathodes exhibit 7Li+ signal 3.5 times higher than charged cathodes. The SIMS lithium mapping results illustrated the trapped lithium ions in charged cathodes, as well as the uniform return of lithium ions to cathode oxide material upon discharge. Additionally, our results highlight the preservation of oxygen levels in cathode chemistry during charging and discharging, except for its involvement in lithium intercalation. We also address the challenges associated with windowless EDS detectors for lithium detection based on published literatures.

Expanding our investigations, we present novel results of FIB-SIMS at cryogenic conditions, unveiling the distribution of lithium and sodium in an anode electrode. Moreover, we illuminate disparities in lithium detection between room temperature and cryogenic temperature acquisitions, providing insights into the behaviour of slow-charged graphite anodes.

In this abstract, we extend our presentation to include X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) for the detection of organic and inorganic matter in battery electrodes.

In summary, our work combines SEM-EDS PCA and FIB ToF-SIMS and XPS techniques to provide a comprehensive understanding of lithium-ion battery cathode, anode materials, contributing to advancements in energy storage technology.

Keywords: Lithium-ion battery, EDS PCA phase mapping, FIB-ToF-SIMS, XPS, SEM-FIB

Reference

[1] Ali Eftekhari, Energy Storage Materials, Volume 7, April 2017, Pages 157-180.

[2] Chengge Jiao, Lex Pillatsch, Johannes Mulders, David Wall, August 2019, Microscopy and Microanalysis 25(S2):876-877.

[3] Mingwei Shang, Xi Chen, Junjie Niu, Cell Reports Physical Science 3, 100767, February 16, 2022

Figure 1
Li-Ion Dynamics in Li2S:LiI Composites – on the Effect of Solid-Solution Formation on Overall Li+ Transport
Authors: Jodlbauer Anna , Hogrefe Katharina , Wilkening H. Martin R.
Published: February 2024

The enormous interest in developing powerful all-solid-state Li-ion batteries led to a boost in electrolyte research. Some Li-ion conductors have Ag-bearing analogs; the fast Ag+ ion conductor, Ag3SI, could be one of such materials. So far, no clear evidence is available that the Li-counterpart, Li3SI, does exist. Here, we treated an equimolar mixture of Li2S and LiI in high-energy ball mills and followed structural changes via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magic-angle spinning (MAS) 6,7Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements. Differences in local structures as sensed by MAS NMR will be discussed for annealed and non-annealed samples, that is, powder samples directly obtained after finishing the ball-milling procedure. For nanocrystalline, non-annealed Li2S:LiI, the MAS NMR response is characterized by a broad distribution of NMR lines showing chemical shifts between that of pure Li2S and LiI, hence pointing to the formation of solid-solution like regions.

Ion dynamics on different length scales was probed with variable-temperature, potentiostatic conductivity spectroscopy as well as solid-state NMR spin-lattice relaxation (SLR) measurements. Defect-rich nanocrystalline Li2S:LiI has to be characterized by an overall conductivity that is 2 orders of magnitude higher as compared to that of the microcrystalline, annealed reference sample. SLR NMR experiments supports this result and reveal lower activation energies for both the fast local hopping ion dynamics and long-range ion diffusivity in the sample directly obtained after ball milling. Finally, mixing-time dependent 6Li 2D exchange NMR spectroscopy reveals even (very) slow Li+ exchange between the Li2S-rich and LiI-rich regions in the nanocrystalline sample. Off-diagonal intensities are especially seen for mixing times longer than 80 ms.
Mixed-Dimensional (1D-2D) Carbon as a Conductive Additive and Enabler for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Lacey Steven David , Saadun Ali , Klunker Florian , Battaglia Corsin , Kuehnel Ruben-Simon
Published: February 2024

The race to develop the next generation of lithium-ion batteries with higher performance metrics (e.g. energy density, power density, cyclability) has spurred interest in carbon allotropes, such as carbon nanotubes (1D) and graphene (2D). Herein, a new multi-dimensional carbon material, comprised of long and entangled 1D nanotubes that unfurl into a spanning network of 2D sheetlets, is investigated as a conductive additive in lithium-ion battery cathodes. Compared to conventional conductive additives, this so-called 1.5D carbon material improves both electrical and thermal pathways between battery active materials within the electrode.

In this presentation, the electrical, thermal, and electrochemical properties of the mixed-dimensional (1.5D) carbon are compared to conventional additives such as carbon black and graphite. Higher active material loadings, less heat generation, and more energy-dense cells can be enabled by the improved electrical conductivity, where three times less carbon black results in one order of magnitude higher electrode conductivity. The thermal conductivity of these cathodes is also enhanced in both the through- and in-plane directions, which is beneficial for battery thermal management. For instance, using a third of the carbon amount results in more than 30% and 240% higher through- and in-plane thermal conductivity values, respectively. The combination of these properties translates to overall improvements in electrochemical performance metrics including rate capability, lower cell impedance, and higher achievable capacities. Compared to cells with conventional carbon black, there is a 20% reduction in ohmic resistance determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In terms of capacity retention and rate capability, full cells cycled at a 2C charge and 0.5C discharge rate demonstrated 2.5% higher initial capacity than carbon black with a retention of 95% vs 94.4% after 120 cycles.
Developing Tailor-Made Core-Shell Hard Carbon Materials As Anode Materials in Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Appel Paul Alexander , Wu Shu-Han , Krug von Nidda Jonas , Fellinger Tim
Published: February 2024

The current strong interest in electromotive mobility and the need to transition to an energy grid with sustainable storage devices has led to a renewed interest in sodium ion batteries (SIBs). Hard carbons (HCs) are promising candidates for high-capacity negative electrode materials in SIBs. Their high capacities, however, are often accompanied with high irreversible capacity losses during the initial cycles.[1]

Generally, large losses can be connected to irreversible reactions, e.g., the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), during the initial sodiation of the HC-material. However, high irreversible capacity values are often in contradiction to the experimentally determined low surface area of the sample material.[1] A better understanding of the structure-property relationship should enable quantification and understanding of the potential of hard carbon materials for SIBs. Hence, the aim is to use analytical techniques to establish a correlation between the structure and the electrochemical characteristics of HC-materials. This has previously been difficult, in part because the sodium storage mechanism is not stoichiometric and due to the disordered structure of HCs.

In order to tackle the aforementioned challenges, our approach is to explore whether a core-shell structure can separate sodium storage and solid electrolyte interphase formation. Thus, storage capacity and irreversible losses could be investigated and finally optimized separately. The synthesis of a selection of porous carbon structures serving as the core material, will be attempted. Simultaneously, sodium-conducting shell structures will be developed to allow for separation of sodium ions and electrolyte molecules. Subsequently, the combination of core and shell materials will be undertaken. These anodes should enable high capacities accompanied with low irreversible losses due to optimized SEI-formation.

Literature:

[1] Matsukawa, Y.; Linsenmann, F.; Plass, M. A.; Hasegawa, G.; Hayashi, K.; Fellinger, T.-P. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1217–1229.
Plasma-Enabled Biocompatible Graphene Quantum Dot Hydrogels as Smart and pH Responsive Cancer Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Chiang Wei-Hung , Kurniawan Darwin
Published: February 2024

Cancer is none arguably one of the world’s most dreadful diseases striking everyone without any exceptions. Current treatments rely on surgical intervention, radiation, and chemotherapeutic drugs which usually not only kill the cancers cells, but also affect healthy cells causing toxicity and severe side effects to the patients or even death. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a drug delivery system (DDS) capable of either passively or actively targeting cancer cells only to avoid all those possible occurring side effects during therapy. Resembling physicochemical and biological properties of extracellular matrix coupled with their biocompatibility and biodegradability, hydrogels with stable 3D hydrated network emerge as suitable candidate for many biomedical applications, including drug delivery, scaffold engineering, wound treatment, antibacterial, and antioxidant.

Here we report rapid and environmental-friendly plasma engineering of microporous carbon-based NGQD hydrogels from a single chitosan biomass using non-thermal microplasmas at ambient conditions without toxic chemicals and high temperature treatment. The highly reactive species derived from the non- equilibrium plasma regime allows simultaneous conversion of NGQDs and initiation of covalent bond formations within the polymeric chitosan network in a short time. Moreover, synergistic effect manifested by the inclusion of NGQDs in the chitosan matrix framework coupled with energetic plasma treatment can accelerate the cross-linking of chitosan to form a robust 3D porous composite without any toxic chemicals and harsh conditions. Endowed by the presence of NGQDs, the fabricated composites have enhanced anticancer drug loading capacity and pH-controlled sustained drug release. Since the fabricated composites also exhibit stable solid- state PL properties, it is envisaged that our method can advance toward a novel combination of therapeutic and monitoring. Our work provides a rational design of carbon-based composite with defined structures and properties suitable not only for biomedical application, but also other emerging applications.
(Invited) Aligning Dense Arrays of Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes for Logic and RF Technologies
Authors: Arnold Michael S.
Published: February 2024

Semiconductors are materials with electrical conductivity that can be switched on and off, that have allowed for nearly all electronics. However, most semiconductor devices utilize silicon, a microelectronics technology more half a century old. Silicon is now being extended to its limit and cannot meet the needs of next-generation devices.

Carbon nanotubes are nanoscale semiconducting wires that conduct more electricity per area than silicon and more rapidly switch between on and off states with less voltage, making them ideal for next-generation fast, low-energy logic and high-speed, linear RF devices. However, no one has yet been able create a process for employing nanotubes commercially. In raw form, nanotubes are disordered and tangled and thus do not conduct electricity well. For nanotubes to be most useful, they must be lined up in the same direction in a single layer so that electricity can rapidly and efficiently travel through them. This has been a long-standing roadblock.

This talk will present recent discoveries at the University of Wisconsin on (1) purifying and aligning semiconducting nanotubes into massively parallel arrays and (2) the research and development of semiconducting carbon nanotubes for logic and radio frequency technologies. We have pioneered nanotube array fabrication technologies that enable the (a) partial alignment of nanotubes (±30˚) via shear (demonstrated 100 mm wafer-scale); (b) finer alignment (±6˚) at liquid-liquid interfaces (demonstrated 100 mm size-scale); and, (c) the selected-area deposition of nanotube arrays (±7˚) in lithographically-defined patterns combining topographical and chemical features (demonstrated 25 mm size-scale). Most recently, we have discovered a powerful new mechanism for driving the self-assembly of nanotubes into aligned arrays, by coaxing them to form two-dimensional liquid-crystals. We have uncovered that when nanotubes are segregated to liquid-liquid interfaces, mesogenic interactions cause them to self-align (within +/-5.7 degrees so far) and self-assemble into dense arrays (> 100 per micron) like those needed for microelectronics. The assembled nanotubes are easily integrated on silicon substrates at room-temperature and integrated into high-performance devices.

APL (2014); ACS Nano (2014); Science Advances (2016); Langmuir (2017); Adv Elect Materials (2019); Science Advances (2021); Nanoscale Advances (2021); JAP (2022). Highlights by Bloomberg News https://youtu.be/VsUF_CBJq50 (2022); US Patent 10,873,026; US Patent 10,074,819; US Patent 9,673,399.
Chicken Feathers-Derived Carbon Electrodes for Capacitive Deionization
Authors: Habib Ahsan
Published: February 2024

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging technology which is being developed as a promising desalination alternative for charged species from salt water, being electrode materials as key drivers for highly efficient process. In this study, we report sustainable, scalable and stable carbon electrodes for CDI. Electrodes were synthesized from poultry chicken feathers waste using pyrolysis followed by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide at a 1:4 ratio to produce highly porous carbon. Poultry chicken feathers-activated carbon (CF-AC) were prepared and fabricated into electrodes using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) binder and later crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to produce a PVA-GA polymer due to its hydrophilicity by acetylation reaction to improve the resistance of carbon material. Prepared materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and cyclic voltammetry. Fabricated CDI electrodes were used to investigate their performance for desalination, and exhibited different electrosorption capacity at different applied potentials. Modified electrode possessed good stability in shear conditions and CDI process was stable and reproducible around 16 electrosorption cycles. Salt removal capacity of PVA-GA-bonded CF-AC (PVA-GA-CF-AC) electrodes was found to be 3.89 mg g-1. The obtained outcomes offer important considerations of ions electrosorption and help advancing CDI system for water treatment and desalination.
Direct Growth of Carbon Nanotubes on Silver Substrate for Determination of Fluoroquinolone
Authors: Osman Abdalghaffar Mohammad
Published: February 2024

Metallic electrodes modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by direct growth have advantages over the ones modified through external connection methods. These advantages are: (i) reduced contact resistance between CNTs and metal substrate, which is required for electroanalytical determinations. (ii) Strong adhesion of the CNTs layer to the metal substrate which in turn prevents the detachment of CNTs from the electrode surface and stops the deterioration of the signal with time and use. This present work shows the use of carbon nanotubes-modified silver (CNTs-Ag) electrode prepared by direct growth of CNTs as indicator electrodes for differential electrolytic potentiometric (DEP) determination of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. Characterization of CNTs-Ag electrode by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy showed the growth of aligned, crystalline, and graphitized CNTs. Application of CNTs-Ag electrode for the determination of ciprofloxacin by sequential injection analysis (SIA) method exhibited fast and stable response, reproducible signals, and durability for long-term use. Ciprofloxacin has been quantified in the range of 60 – 1000 µmol/L with a good linear relationship. This work combined the advantages of Direct grown CNTs, SIA technique, and the square-wave DEP method.

Figure 1
Anisotropic Lens-Shaped Mesoporous Carbon with Bifunctional Dual Metal Single Atom Electrocatalyst for Na Seawater Battery
Authors: Woo Dongyoon , KIM JI OH , Lee Jinwoo
Published: February 2024

Seawater is a promising electrolyte that can replace conventional distilled water-based electrolytes in that they are affordable and abundant. In the Na seawater battery, oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction occur in a single electrode during the charge and discharge process respectively. To obtain high energy efficiency of the Na-seawater battery, both oxygen electrocatalytic activity should be improved. In addition, the electrochemical reaction occurring in natural seawater may be hindered by chlorine ions. Side reactions such as chlorine evolution reaction or poisoning of electrocatalyst may occur during the charge/discharge process. In this study, dual metal single atom (DSA) loaded anisotropic lens-shaped mesoporous carbon is prepared for an electrode material in a Na-seawater battery. The DSA loaded anisotropic lens-shaped mesoporous carbon is synthesized by polymer interfacial self-assembly of block copolymer (BCP, Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-polystyrene, PEO-b-PS) and immiscible homopolymer (Poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA). During the self-assembly, pre-dissolved inorganic precursors assemble with BCPs constructing the ordered mesoporous structure. Followed by proper carbonization and chemical etching, DSA loaded anisotropic lens-shaped mesoporous carbon is prepared. Using the natural seawater, the half-cell performance on the rotating disk electrode (RDE) of DSA (Fe-Nx/Co-Nx) loaded mesoporous carbon shows the lower potential difference (EOER-EORR) than a single atom (Fe-Nx) loaded mesoporous carbon, commercial Pt/C (20 wt%) and commercial Ir/IrO catalyst. Based on the RDE result, electrocatalyst performance in seawater half-cell (Na || Seawater) exhibits a concordant result. In addition to the electrochemical results, the performance of the DSA electrocatalyst is confirmed by comparing the activities of chlorine and oxygen species on DSA model through density functional theory calculation.
Analysis of a Combination Therapy Protocol for the Treatment of Oral Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: Santonocito Simona , Polizzi Alessandro , Matarese Marco , Caltabiano Rosario , Isola Gaetano
Published: February 2024

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an autoimmune‐based bullous disease affecting the mucous membranes, mainly oral and ocular. One of the most common clinical manifestations is desquamative gingivitis (DG), characterized by intense symptoms and functional limitations. The dentist is among the first specialists to observe DG and, therefore, must be able to diagnose it. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a clinical protocol for the topical management of patients with DG and MMP buccal lesions. Thirteen patients with clinical and histologic diagnoses of MMP‐localized DG in the oral cavity were retrospectively enrolled. Each patient received topical treatment with clobetasol propionate oral gel 0.05%; nicotinamide; oral probiotic (contains Bifidobacterium lactis HN019, Kluyveromyces marxianus fragilis B0399, colostrum, and biotin); and doxycycline. Before and after 3 months of therapy, clinic records were collected for each patient. Seven patients (53.8%) had a complete response to treatment; four patients (30.8%) had a partial response to treatment; and, finally, two patients (15.4%) had no benefit from therapy. Dental management of patients presenting solely with oral manifestations of MMP may involve the use of topical corticosteroids, doxycycline, vitamin supplements, and probiotics and associating professional oral hygiene procedures.
Higher Derivations Satisfying Certain Identities in Rings
Authors: Alali Amal S. , Ali Shakir , Rafiquee Naira N. , Varshney Vaishali
Published: February 2024

Let n and m be fixed positive integers. In this paper, we establish some structural properties of prime rings equipped with higher derivations. Motivated by the works of Herstein and Bell-Daif, we characterize rings with higher derivations D=dii∈N satisfying (i) dnx,dmy∈ZR for all x,y∈R and (ii) dnx,y∈ZR for all x,y∈R.
Frequency and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection among Sudanese Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Elfayeg Mohamed , Suleiman Ahmed , Eltohami Yousif
Published: February 2024

Background. In Sudan, patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) presented lately in advanced stages. Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common complications of surgical treatment of OSCC which significantly affects the clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to assess the frequency and risk factors of postoperative surgical site infection among OSCC patients underwent surgery at Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital (KTDH). Methods. This is a prospective, analytical, hospital-based study conducted at KTDH during the period from 2022 to 2023. Patients with OSCC were surgically treated and assessed carefully for the development of the SSI. Results. Sixty patients were enrolled in the present study. Twenty-nine (48.3%) patients were above 61 years, with the predominance of males with 42 (70%) patients. The most involved site of OSCC was the lower gingivolabial region in 35 (39.3%) patients. Forty-seven (78%) patients were in advanced stages III and IV. Forty-five (80%) patients had modified radical neck dissection. Blood transfusion was administered in 50 (83.3%) patients. Twenty-six (43.4%) patients developed SSI; 15 (57.7%) patients of them were Toombak dippers. Development of SSI was found to be significantly associated with the tumour site (P value 0.9), clinical stage (P value 0.6), the number of transfused blood units (P value 0.04), and the duration of hospital stay (P value 0.04). In contrast, use of sutures for wound closure was associated with a reduced risk of developing SSI (P value 0.005). Conclusion. Surgical site infection was found in 43.4% of the OSCC patients. It was associated with advanced clinical stage and tumour site. Minimizing the number of blood units transfused intraoperatively, we decrease the duration of hospital stay and the use of sutures for wound closure decreases the risk of SSI significantly.
Supplementary Tables S1 to S5 from Allosteric PI3Kα Inhibition Overcomes On-target Resistance to Orthosteric Inhibitors Mediated by Secondary PIK3CA Mutations
Authors: Varkaris Andreas , Fece de la Cruz Ferran , Martin Elizabeth E. , Norden Bryanna L. , Chevalier Nicholas , Kehlmann Allison M. , Leshchiner Ignaty , Barnes Haley , Ehnstrom Sara , Stavridi Anastasia-Maria , Yuan Xin , Kim Janice S. , Ellis Haley , Papatheodoridi Alkistis , Gunaydin Hakan , Danysh Brian P. , Parida Laxmi , Sanidas Ioannis , Ji Yongli , Lau Kayao , Wulf Gerburg M. , Bardia Aditya , Spring Laura M. , Isakoff Steven J. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Del Vecchio Kathryn , Pierce Levi , Pazolli Ermira , Getz Gad , Corcoran Ryan B. , Juric Dejan
Published: February 2024

Table S1: Eligibility Criteria. Table S2: Genomic alterations within the PIK3CA pathway and other documented alterations for this study. Table S3: VAF of EOT alterations. Table S4: Comparison of Acquired PIK3CA mutations based on baseline activating mutation. Table S5: Comparison of Acquired PIK3CA mutations based on number of baseline activating PIK3CA mutations.
Supplementary Figures S1 to S11 from Allosteric PI3Kα Inhibition Overcomes On-target Resistance to Orthosteric Inhibitors Mediated by Secondary PIK3CA Mutations
Authors: Varkaris Andreas , Fece de la Cruz Ferran , Martin Elizabeth E. , Norden Bryanna L. , Chevalier Nicholas , Kehlmann Allison M. , Leshchiner Ignaty , Barnes Haley , Ehnstrom Sara , Stavridi Anastasia-Maria , Yuan Xin , Kim Janice S. , Ellis Haley , Papatheodoridi Alkistis , Gunaydin Hakan , Danysh Brian P. , Parida Laxmi , Sanidas Ioannis , Ji Yongli , Lau Kayao , Wulf Gerburg M. , Bardia Aditya , Spring Laura M. , Isakoff Steven J. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Del Vecchio Kathryn , Pierce Levi , Pazolli Ermira , Getz Gad , Corcoran Ryan B. , Juric Dejan
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure S1: PI3K pathway activity in selected cases with acquired PTEN alteration. Supplementary Figure S2. Validation of AKT constructs expression in T47D cells. Supplementary Figure S3. AKT activating mutations confer resistance to PI3Ka inhibitors. Supplementary Figure S4: Free energy calculations predict resistance to orthosteric PI3K inhibitors due to specific double PIK3CA mutants. Supplementary Figure S5: Free energy perturbation predicts reduced binding of orthosteric PI3K inhibitors to double mutants. Supplementary Figure S6. Expression of PIK3CA mutations in T47D cells. Supplementary Figure S7. MCF7 cells expressing W780R or Q859H double mutants show differential response to PIK3CA orthosteric inhibitors. Supplementary Figure S8: Chemical structure of RLY-2608. Supplementary Figure S9: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) binding assay. Supplementary Figure S10. Alpelisib shows reduced potency of downstream signaling inhibition in the presence of W780R or Q859H/K. Supplementary Figure S11. T47D cells expressing I817F or E726K double mutants do not show a differential response to inavolisib (A) or RLY-2608 (B).
Table 1 from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Calculated IC50 and EC50 of 4OH tamoxifen and novel SERDs in ESR1-mutant models.
Supplementary Tables 1-2 from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of Potential Binding Energy and Distance of Pi-Pi Stacking Interaction with F404 and mutant modes. Supplementary Table 2. Clinicopathological features of PlasmaMATCH Cohort A.
Supplementary Methods from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Supplementary methods: Computer modeling of SERDs pi-stacking with ER
Supplementary Figures 1-9 from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figure 1. Progression free survival of patients with selected mutations. Supplementary Figure 2. H356Y does not activate estrogen signalling or alter fulvestrant sensitivity in combination with L536P. Supplementary Figure 3. Acquired ESR1 F404 mutations in patients treated with Fulvestrant. Supplementary Figure 4. Expression of individual ER target genes in RNAseq experiment. Supplementary Figure 5. Loss of F404L mutation in long-term culture of “E” mutant clones. Supplementary Figure 6. Response of D538G+F404L mutant models to elacestrant. Supplementary Figure 7. Response of D538G+F404L mutant models to camizestrant. Supplementary Figure 8. Response of D538G+F404L mutant models to 4OH tamoxifen. Supplementary Figure 9. Response of D538G+F404L mutant models to giredestrant.
Figure 5 from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Transcriptomic analysis of ESR1-mutant models. A, Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for D538G + F404L models compared with D538G D6C cells maintained in 1 nmol/L estradiol. Pathways are highlighted red; false discovery rate-adjusted q value <0.05. B, GSEA for D538G + F404L models compared with D538G D6C cells treated with 1 μmol/L fulvestrant for 24 hours. Pathways are highlighted red; false discovery rate-adjusted q value <0.05. C, GSEA for ESR1-mutant models. Normalized enrichment score (NES) is shown for the indicated pathways. *, False discovery rate-adjusted q value <0.05. D, Heat map of “Estrogen response late” genes (log2 expression) for ESR1-mutant models maintained in 1 nmol/L estradiol. E, Heat map of “Estrogen response late” genes (log2 expression) for ESR1-mutant models treated with 1 μmol/L fulvestrant in the presence of 1 nmol/L estradiol.
Figure 4 from ESR1 F404 Mutations and Acquired Resistance to Fulvestrant in ESR1-Mutant Breast Cancer
Authors: Kingston Belinda , Pearson Alex , Herrera-Abreu Maria Teresa , Sim Li-Xuan , Cutts Rosalind J. , Shah Heena , Moretti Laura , Kilburn Lucy S. , Johnson Hannah , Macpherson Iain R. , Ring Alistair , Bliss Judith M. , Hou Yingwei , Toy Weiyi , Katzenellenbogen John A. , Chandarlapaty Sarat , Turner Nicholas C.
Published: February 2024

Compound F404L mutations induce resistance to fulvestrant. A, Compound mutations of D538G-F404L in MCF7 cells, along with single mutations and wild-type (WT), with sensitivity to fulvestrant assessed after 6 days treatment with Cell-Titer Glo viability assay. n = 4 mean with SD. B, Representative images of clonongenic assays grown in indicated concentrations of fulvestrant for 14 days. C, Quantification of colony formation assays for ESR1-mutant models treated with the indicated concentrations of fulvestrant for 14 days. EC50 and IC50 values were calculated from the response curves. SRB-stained colonies were dissolved, and absorbance at 565 nm was measured. Mean with SEM, n = 3 independent experiments. D, Expression of estrogen target genes, progesterone receptor (PgR), and trefoil factor-1 (TFF1) was assessed by western blot in parental MCF7 cells and indicated ESR1-mutant models grown in the presence of 1 nmol/L estradiol or 1 μmol/L fulvestrant. E, MCF7 cells were cotransfected with the indicated ESR1 expression constructs ERE-luciferase reporter and control construct. Cells were treated with 1 nmol/L estradiol either in the absence or presence of fulvestrant (1 μmol/L) for 24 hours, and ERE-luciferase activity was assessed. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Sidak multiple comparisons test, n = 4 mean with SD; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001.
Table S2 from Combined Immunotherapy Improves Outcome for Replication-Repair-Deficient (RRD) High-Grade Glioma Failing Anti–PD-1 Monotherapy: A Report from the International RRD Consortium
Authors: Das Anirban , Fernandez Nicholas R. , Levine Adrian , Bianchi Vanessa , Stengs Lucie K. , Chung Jiil , Negm Logine , Dimayacyac Jose Rafael , Chang Yuan , Nobre Liana , Ercan Ayse B. , Sanchez-Ramirez Santiago , Sudhaman Sumedha , Edwards Melissa , Larouche Valerie , Samuel David , Van Damme An , Gass David , Ziegler David S. , Bielack Stefan S. , Koschmann Carl , Zelcer Shayna , Yalon-Oren Michal , Campino Gadi Abede , Sarosiek Tomasz , Nichols Kim E. , Loret De Mola Rebecca , Bielamowicz Kevin , Sabel Magnus , Frojd Charlotta A. , Wood Matthew D. , Glover Jason M. , Lee Yi-Yen , Vanan Magimairajan , Adamski Jenny K. , Perreault Sebastien , Chamdine Omar , Hjort Magnus Aasved , Zapotocky Michal , Carceller Fernando , Wright Erin , Fedorakova Ivana , Lossos Alexander , Tanaka Ryuma , Osborn Michael , Blumenthal Deborah T. , Aronson Melyssa , Bartels Ute , Huang Annie , Ramaswamy Vijay , Malkin David , Shlien Adam , Villani Anita , Dirks Peter B. , Pugh Trevor J. , Getz Gad , Maruvka Yosef E. , Tsang Derek S. , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Hawkins Cynthia , Bouffet Eric , Morgenstern Daniel A. , Tabori Uri
Published: February 2024

Demographics and details of treatment in patients who continued ICI progression (n=38)
Table S1 from Combined Immunotherapy Improves Outcome for Replication-Repair-Deficient (RRD) High-Grade Glioma Failing Anti–PD-1 Monotherapy: A Report from the International RRD Consortium
Authors: Das Anirban , Fernandez Nicholas R. , Levine Adrian , Bianchi Vanessa , Stengs Lucie K. , Chung Jiil , Negm Logine , Dimayacyac Jose Rafael , Chang Yuan , Nobre Liana , Ercan Ayse B. , Sanchez-Ramirez Santiago , Sudhaman Sumedha , Edwards Melissa , Larouche Valerie , Samuel David , Van Damme An , Gass David , Ziegler David S. , Bielack Stefan S. , Koschmann Carl , Zelcer Shayna , Yalon-Oren Michal , Campino Gadi Abede , Sarosiek Tomasz , Nichols Kim E. , Loret De Mola Rebecca , Bielamowicz Kevin , Sabel Magnus , Frojd Charlotta A. , Wood Matthew D. , Glover Jason M. , Lee Yi-Yen , Vanan Magimairajan , Adamski Jenny K. , Perreault Sebastien , Chamdine Omar , Hjort Magnus Aasved , Zapotocky Michal , Carceller Fernando , Wright Erin , Fedorakova Ivana , Lossos Alexander , Tanaka Ryuma , Osborn Michael , Blumenthal Deborah T. , Aronson Melyssa , Bartels Ute , Huang Annie , Ramaswamy Vijay , Malkin David , Shlien Adam , Villani Anita , Dirks Peter B. , Pugh Trevor J. , Getz Gad , Maruvka Yosef E. , Tsang Derek S. , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Hawkins Cynthia , Bouffet Eric , Morgenstern Daniel A. , Tabori Uri
Published: February 2024

Baseline characteristics of patients with RRD high-grade gliomas treated with immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) (n=75)
Supplementary Figures S1-S5 from Combined Immunotherapy Improves Outcome for Replication-Repair-Deficient (RRD) High-Grade Glioma Failing Anti–PD-1 Monotherapy: A Report from the International RRD Consortium
Authors: Das Anirban , Fernandez Nicholas R. , Levine Adrian , Bianchi Vanessa , Stengs Lucie K. , Chung Jiil , Negm Logine , Dimayacyac Jose Rafael , Chang Yuan , Nobre Liana , Ercan Ayse B. , Sanchez-Ramirez Santiago , Sudhaman Sumedha , Edwards Melissa , Larouche Valerie , Samuel David , Van Damme An , Gass David , Ziegler David S. , Bielack Stefan S. , Koschmann Carl , Zelcer Shayna , Yalon-Oren Michal , Campino Gadi Abede , Sarosiek Tomasz , Nichols Kim E. , Loret De Mola Rebecca , Bielamowicz Kevin , Sabel Magnus , Frojd Charlotta A. , Wood Matthew D. , Glover Jason M. , Lee Yi-Yen , Vanan Magimairajan , Adamski Jenny K. , Perreault Sebastien , Chamdine Omar , Hjort Magnus Aasved , Zapotocky Michal , Carceller Fernando , Wright Erin , Fedorakova Ivana , Lossos Alexander , Tanaka Ryuma , Osborn Michael , Blumenthal Deborah T. , Aronson Melyssa , Bartels Ute , Huang Annie , Ramaswamy Vijay , Malkin David , Shlien Adam , Villani Anita , Dirks Peter B. , Pugh Trevor J. , Getz Gad , Maruvka Yosef E. , Tsang Derek S. , Ertl-Wagner Birgit , Hawkins Cynthia , Bouffet Eric , Morgenstern Daniel A. , Tabori Uri
Published: February 2024

Supplementary Figures S1 to S5, with each figure followed by its corresponding legend in the next page