bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new look at the extragalactic very high energy sky: Searching for TeV-emitting candidates among the X-ray-bright, non-Fermi-detected blazar population
Authors: Marchesi Stefano , Iuliano Antonio , Prandini Elisa , Da Vela Paolo , Doro Michele , Loporchio Serena , Miceli Davide , Righi Chiara , Zanin Roberta , Bronzini Ettore , Vignali Cristian
Published: November 2024

We present the results of a multiwavelength study of blazars selected from the fifth ROMABZCAT catalog. We selected from this sample a subsample of 2435 objects that have at least one counterpart in one of the three main archival X-ray catalogs, namely the fourth release of the XMM-Newton Survey Science Catalogue, the second release of the Chandra Source Catalog, and the second Swift X-ray Point Source catalog of detections by Swift-XRT, or in the recently released eROSITA-DE Data Release 1 catalog. We first searched for different multiwavelength trends between sources with a γ-ray counterpart in the Fermi-LAT 14-year Source Catalog (4FGL–DR4) and sources lacking one. We find that the non-4FGL sources are on average fainter both in the X-rays and in the radio with respect to the 4FGL-detected ones, but that the two samples have similar X-ray-to-radio flux ratios and synchrotron peak frequencies. We then focused on the 1007 non-γ-ray detected population to determine whether or not there is a sample of X-ray sources that could be TeV emitters. We find that a large number of sources – mostly BL Lacs or BL Lacs with host-galaxy contribution to the spectral energy distribution – have a large synchrotron peak frequency and a large X-ray-to-radio flux ratio, two properties that characterize the vast majority of known TeV emitters. With respect to these known TeV emitters, our targets have X-ray fluxes that are about one order of magnitude fainter. We then computed the 0.2–12 keV and 20 GeV–300 TeV fluxes for the known 5BZCAT TeV emitters, and find a direct correlation between X-ray and TeV fluxes in the BL Lacs population. We used this trend to estimate the VHE flux of our targets, and find a promising sample of sources for follow-up observations with current or future, more sensitive Cherenkov telescopes; first and foremost the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory.
Multitarget Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin on the Pathogenesis of Amyloid-β1-42 in Alzheimer’s Disease: In-vitro and In-silico study
Authors: Arsito Puguh Novi , Erviana Rima , Kharismawati Galih Titisari , Wulanggita Uki
Published: November 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and neuronal death. The pathophysiology of AD includes cholinergic nerve damage, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and misfolding of amyloid-beta protein (Aβ). Current AD drug development focuses on a single target, whereas the AD mechanism is multifactorial, originating from the Aβ cascade, so intervention in Aβ is necessary. Flavonoid compounds are known to have many neuroprotective activities. Quercetin, an easily found flavonoid, can be used against AD. This research aimed to evaluate quercetin’s neuroprotective effect in inhibiting AD progression. In the in-vitro test, quercetin was assessed for its impact on inhibiting monomeric Aβ1-42 aggregation and inducing the disintegration of Aβ1-42 fibrils. Quercetin was also evaluated for its toxicity on differentiated human cholinergic cells (SH-SY5Y). Next, the neuroprotective effect of quercetin was tested in the same cells as Aβ1-42 induction. In-silico methods (Molecular docking and Molecular dynamics) were carried out to explain the molecular mechanism of drug action. In addition, druglikeness and ADMET parameters of flavonoids were predicted using SwissADME and pKCSM software. Quercetin is known to have a dual effect as an inhibitor of monomeric Aβ1-42 aggregation and a disintegrator of Aβ1-42 fibrils at concentrations of 10 µM – 200 µM. In molecular docking analysis, it is known that quercetin can bind to the hydrophobic part of Aβ1-42. Tests using molecular dynamics increasingly confirm that quercetin can disrupt the stability of Aβ1-42. In cell culture tests, quercetin was found to have a neuroprotective effect at an effective dose of 1-10 µM. ADMET parameters can also predict Quercetin and fulfill the Lipinski-Veber rule for predicting drug-likeness parameters. Quercetin has the potential to be developed as an anti-Alzheimer’s drug candidate with multi-target activity in the Aβ cascade.
BersaMaDia App for Improving Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Asri Medical Center Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta
Authors: Orbayinah Salmah , Hikmah Nurul , Dini Arviani Septania , Nurul Hidayah Fitria , Suryo Soularto Dirwan , Cahyaningsih Indriastuti , Romdzati  , Hadning Ingenida , Ghozali M. Thesa , Ardy Pamungkas Kurnia , Utami Pinasti
Published: November 2024

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major health problem worldwide that can cause impairment in quality of life. One of the efforts that can be made to improve quality of life is by providing education to patients. In the current era of digitalization, health services can use the concept of e-health which focuses on diabetes self-management. BersaMaDia mobile application is the implementations of the e-health concept created through interprofessional collaboration. This study objective is to evaluate the improvement in the quality of life of diabetes mellitus patients by using the BersaMaDia application at Asri Medical Center Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. This study is a pre-experimental study with a one group pre-post design. A total of 30 patients were given an intervention using the BersaMaDia application for 1 month. Measurement of patients’ quality of life pre and post the intervention using the diabetes quality of life clinical trial questionnaire (DQLCTQ) which includes 8 domains. Data were statistically analyzed with SPSS using paired sample t-test. The results showed that there was a difference in the average quality of life pre and after the intervention with an average score of 26.98 and 33.57 respectively (p value 0.000). The use of the BersaMaDia application can improve the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus immediately after 1 month of using the application.
A Qualitative Study of Psychiatric Patients’ Perceptions of Pharmacy Services in the Psychiatric Department
Authors: Rahajeng Bangunawati , Utami Pinasti , Kusumastiwi R.R. Tesaviani , Sari Prita Anggraini Kartika
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine patients’ perception of pharmacy services in the psychiatric polyclinic at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital, Yogyakarta.

A descriptive qualitative technique was used in this investigation. The mental polyclinic patients’ experiences with the pharmacological services they received were shared. Open-ended questions about the patient’s knowledge of the medication, the objectives of therapy, the occurrence of side effects, the patient’s response to them, whether the patient received treatment-related information from the psychiatrist, whether the patient received information from the pharmacist about drugs, and whether the patient was satisfied with pharmacy services were used during the March–April 2023 interview process.

There were 39 participants with mental health issues in this study. Eleven respondents could name the type of medication given to them. Ten patients reported not receiving an explanation from the doctor about their therapy. After using the medication, some patients reported feeling comfortable. Some patients reported experiencing adverse effects like sleepiness, tremors, shortness of breath, and spotting. Eight patients who consulted pharmacists for medication showed patient recognition of pharmacists. Most patients were satisfied with pharmacists’ pharmaceutical services, but some demanded a more thorough explanation of their illness and alternative treatments.

Pharmaceutical services for psychiatry have been performed well according to patient perceptions. Several aspects still need to be improved.
Development of Moringa Leave Extract Nanoemulsions: Effect of Ethanol Concentration and Sonication Toward the Stability
Authors: Harimurti Sabtanti , Febriyani Dwi , Primasari Sukamdi Dyani , Widada Hari , Amid Azura
Published: November 2024

Preparation of serum in the form of extract nanoemulsions allows effective delivery of active ingredients to the skin due to the more stable nanoemulsions, lower viscosity, transparent visual aspects, and high surface area caused by the small globule size. This study aims to obtain an optimal 96% ethanol concentration and sonication time in forming stable nanoemulsions at temperatures of 4° and 40°C with an active ingredient of moringa leaf extracts. The experiment was performed in four sets of 96% ethanol concentration (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and three sonication periods (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The freeze-and-thaw method was utilized to evaluate the stability of the nanoemulsions. The analysis unveiled that a 96% ethanol concentration of 10% and a sonication time of 46 minutes was the most appropriate formula, generating a particle size of 30.49 nm with a volume of 73.35%. At the same time, the stability test of the preparation revealed that storage time significantly affected the pH response. However, it did not significantly affect the viscosity response.
Assessment of Urban Heat Island in an Agricultural Town (Oued Zenati-Algeria): Integrating Remote Sensing and GIS Analysis
Authors: Naidja Amina , Soltani Ines , Khammar Zedira
Published: November 2024

Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a critical issue affecting urban areas, with implications for human health, energy consumption, and ecosystem dynamics. This study assesses UHI in an agricultural town using Landsat 8 satellite data and GIS tools. We calculated key indices (NDVI, NDBI, LST) to analyse UHI spatial patterns and their impact on different land cover types (urban, vegetation, agriculture). Our findings indicate significantly higher temperatures in urban areas, reflecting the UHI effect. Importantly, the NDVI-LST relationship reveals the cooling effect of vegetation on the local microclimate. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between NDBI and LST, underscoring the influence of urbanization on surface temperatures. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating green spaces into urban planning to mitigate UHI and promote sustainable development. This interdisciplinary approach supports informed decision-making for climate-resilient urban planning strategies.
Revitalizing spaces: Architectural strategies for alleviating chronic fatigue and combating burnout
Authors: Canlı Melis
Published: November 2024

This research delves into the critical role of architectural design in fostering well-being by tackling the widespread issues of chronic fatigue and burnout. In our fast-paced and demanding world, the adverse effects of prolonged stress and exhaustion are becoming more prevalent, leading to decreased productivity, impaired health, and a lower quality of life. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach that includes architecture, psychology, and health sciences, this study explores how thoughtful design interventions can create environments conducive to mental and physical rejuvenation. By enhancing connections between indoor spaces and the natural environment, optimizing environmental quality, and integrating user- centered design strategies, architects can reduce stress, improve relaxation, and promote overall well-being. Drawing from neuroscience, environmental psychology, and occupational health, architects can develop evidence-based design solutions that emphasize human flourishing.
A framework for the examination of urban coastal areas against the risk of sea level rise and evaluation of design strategies: The cases of Izmir and Thessaloniki
Authors: Ercanlı Çağla
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study is to provide a framework for determining design and adaptation strategies for urban coastal area uses against sea level rise risk due to climate change. The main argument of the study is that strategies to be put forward at the scale of urban design and architecture are important in preventing the negative effects of sea level rise and common and developing strategies can be created for cities with similar urban morphologies, spatial and functional characteristics. Within this scope, Izmir and Thessaloniki cities are chosen as a case that have morphologically and spatially/functionally similar characteristics. In the research part, analysis parameters for the characteristics of urban coastal areas are grouped as; geographical/morphological and spatial/functional. According to these two parameters, possible impacts, also design and adaptation strategies in literature are classified in urban and architectural scales. In the case study, coastal area sections of cities were prepared to understand the morphological and spatial/functional characteristics. Then, sections were divided into sub- segments to understand urban space structures. Strategies includes suggestions for reorganizing urban space functions, designing urban landscapes, urban equipment and furniture, also creating infrastructure decisions and strengthening the existing building stock in the short term for flood risk.
Tomorrow’s architects: The emerging professional and education context in the UK and new regulatory framework
Authors: Sopeoglou Eva
Published: November 2024

The paper analyses substantial modifications in UK architecture practice and education from 2021 onward. New professional competencies address critical areas such as Fire and Life Safety, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion, Building Technology, and Environmental Sustainability. The study examines initiatives by the Architects Registration Board (ARB) and the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) in incorporating Sustainability guidelines into the architectural curriculum. The ARB’s Competency Guidelines for Sustainability include four main themes: Ethics and Professionalism, Sustainable Design Principles, Environmental and Building Physics, and Construction Technology. While these areas cover extensive ground, there are acknowledged gaps. Essential responsibilities for architects include managing whole-life carbon, incorporating circular economy principles, enhancing building envelope efficiency, and emphasising retrofitting. The paper touches on recommendations to align educational frameworks with professional guidelines, detailing the integration of climate literacy, environmental design, and interdisciplinary research into architecture curricula. Ultimately, this paper underscores the urgent need for a solid foundational understanding of these new guidelines. This is a necessity in the face of these transformative changes. These reflections are offered alongside examples from taught courses between 2021 and 2023.
Comparative review of the application of education for sustainable development in secondary education in Europe
Authors: Lagoudaki Eleni , Gareiou Zoe , Zervas Efthimios
Published: November 2024

Education for sustainable development is a key pillar in the effort to achieve a sustainable society. Education for sustainable development is a holistic and transformative learning process that aims to bring about changes both in school and in society and to shape responsible and active citizens. It is necessary to enable societies to face the challenges that come and are connected to the environmental, social and economic crisis. This paper is a comparative review that explores the ways in which sustainable development education is implemented in secondary schools in Europe. The study of the pedagogical methods chosen by each country in order to integrate the principles of sustainable development into its school curriculum demonstrates that despite the differences that exist, the similarities prevail, which mainly concern experiential learning, the connection of the school with the local community and in the development of cooperation networks. Barriers that exist are also common across countries, mainly the absence of teachers’ knowledge about sustainable development, the inadequate teacher training, the limited financial resources, and the voluntary participation of teachers and students in sustainable development actions and programs.
Assessment Of Adolescent Alcohol Consumption, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Kosovo
Authors: Lahu Adelina , Azizi Kaltrina , Žepina Puzić Ana
Published: November 2024

The paper examines the alcohol consumption, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of adolescents in Kosovo. The study recruited 300 respondents aged 15-19 from three secondary schools in Mitrovica, Vushtrri and Pristina, using a cross-sectional, quantitative approach to the ESPAD questionnaire and sampling between September and November 2023. 49.3% were females and 50.7% were males, of which 65% were from urban areas. Almost 32% of respondents drink alcohol, and reasons for not drinking include not being interested and religious beliefs. Curiosity and peer influence were the main reasons for initiation, and male respondents were more likely to do so. While the survey noted negative experiences such as physical violence, accidents and unprotected sex, with vodka and beer being the most common consumption it highlighted serious concerns about alcohol consumption among young people in Kosovo emphasized, with more than half reporting drinking in the past 30 days. Almost 50% of students started drinking before the age of 15, leading to serious health risks such as alcohol dependence and risky behaviours. These findings emphasize the need for continued monitoring and targeted interventions to address precipitating factors among Kosovar youth.
A path towards sustainable reconstruction: Geopolymerizing Beirut’s blast waste glass
Authors: Saba Marianne , Absi Joseph
Published: November 2024

The devasting explosion that hit Beirut in 2020 has resulted in massive debris and waste materials all over the capital and its surroundings. To address this issue, the local population, universities, industrials, and researchers have tried since the explosion to sort all debris and waste exerted from the blast, first to assess the quantities and second to seek a sustainable solution. Among the most common types of waste that was collected was glass. As such, and since glass collection was possible, the path toward a suitable reconstruction approach was considered. This study aims to determine the impact of replacing raw materials with glass waste from the explosion in the geopolymer concrete mortars. Geopolymeric materials are defined as eco-friendly, suitable materials rich in aluminum and silicate. As for glass and waste glass, it is commonly known that the general mineral composition is silicate. As such, the general objective of this work is to assess the impact of increasing the mass proportions of recycled glass from 0 to 20% mass substitutions in the mix designs of the proposed geopolymer mortars. The mechanical properties of the different batches of geopolymer concrete produced will be assessed.
Urban streams as focal points of urban regeneration: The area of Konstantinidis stream in Toumba, Thessaloniki
Authors: Kastanidou Symela , Katsavounidou Garyfallia
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, the concept of Green Infrastructure (GI) is having a big impact when it comes to planning cities and to policymaking, due to the need for substantial rethinking of urban development and for a contemporary way to respond to the current environmental global challenges. Urban rivers and streams are important elements of GI and their ecological restoring can promote biodiversity and climate adaptation, while improving quality of life in cities. In the present research, the focus is on the Konstantinidis stream and its surrounding area, located in Thessaloniki, Greece. More specifically, the main research question of this paper is how a stream, currently in a degraded state, can be integrated into the current open and green spaces of an area, contributing to the formation of a multifunctional open-space network that will provide recreational opportunities for users of all ages. Methodologically, a combination of research tools was used. First, a spatial analysis of the existing condition of the study area was carried out, which resulted to a series of maps presenting the planning and physical attributes of the neighborhood around the stream and of the existing open spaces. Second, field observation documented the condition of open spaces and usage patterns. Furthermore, and for a better understanding of the physiognomy of the area, a questionnaire survey was conducted, where residents were asked to rate the open and green spaces of their neighborhood. Thus, insightful information was extracted on how the residents/users of the area evaluate and perceive green and open spaces and local landmarks, which physical spatial factors affect their quality of life most and how they prioritize problems regarding green space. Based on an overall evaluation of the problems of the area and considering also the residents’ suggestions for its improvement, an integrated regeneration proposal was designed with the scope of integrating the stream area and providing opportunities for multiple uses and activities in the proposed green and public spaces network.
Bibliometric analysis of “workers retirement theory” research
Authors: Sassi Boudemagh Souad , Chouabbia Khadidja
Published: November 2024

This article explores the concept of “workers’ retirement theory” in the context of urban sustainability, social policy, and public health. It uses a systematic literature review on the Scopus database and a conceptual framework to analyze scholarly publications on retirement. The study reveals that factors such as health status, income stability, and job characteristics significantly influence retirement timing. Retirement also impacts cognitive abilities, mental health, well-being, and life satisfaction, emphasizing the need for psychosocial outcomes in urban sustainability and public health strategies. Gender differences in retirement experiences highlight disparities in post- retirement outcomes and societal roles, informing policy on social equity and workforce management. The findings can inform academic research and practical strategies for enhancing retirement readiness in sustainable urban environments. The study concludes that societal attitudes towards retirement and older workers influence individual experiences and opportunities in post-career phases. Qualitative studies offer insights into the lived experiences of retirees from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, while theoretical models and frameworks conceptualize retirement as a process and transition.
Exploring the possibilities of integrating the circular economy into sustainable development strategies through corporate social responsibility
Authors: Vasilev Vasko , Nikolova-Alexsieva Valentina
Published: November 2024

In the dynamic corporate world, there is an increasing need to explore opportunities to integrate circular economy principles into sustainable development strategies. By applying the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR), the aim is to achieve the maximum global effect. The analysis focuses on the role that business can play in promoting the transition to a more sustainable model of production and consumption, taking into account the environmental and societal gains. Through a review of current literature and case studies, successful practices and challenges for enterprises in integrating the circular economy into their business models are analyzed. The publication also examines the importance of cooperation between corporations, government and civil society in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and emphasizes the importance of building strategic partnerships. In conclusion, recommendations are made for the business sector and for political decision-makers regarding the optimal practices for successfully integrating the circular economy into sustainable development strategies based on the principles of corporate social responsibility.
On the eigenvalues of the lattice spin-boson model with at most one photon
Authors: Dilmurodov Elyor B. , Bahronov Bekzod I. , Khayitova Khilola G. , Kurbonov Gulomjon G. , Norchayev Rustam T.
Published: November 2024

In the present paper we consider a lattice spin-boson model with at most one photon A , which has a 2×2 block operator matrix representation. The essential spectrum of A is analyzed. We prove that the operator matrix A has four eigenvalues. We consider the case where the special integral is an infinite. The existence condition of the eigenvalues lying in and out of the essential spectrum are found. The results presented in this paper plays an important role when we study the location of the two-particle and three-particle branches of the essential spectrum of the lattice spin-boson Hamiltonian with at most two photons, and also to showing the finiteness of the number of its eigenvalues.
Images processing: Face recognition by neural networks
Authors: Beknazarova Saida , Abdullayeva Ozoda , Abdullayev Safibullo , Abdullayev Zafarbek
Published: November 2024

In the article face recognition is a widely researched field in computer vision, with various approaches being developed to improve accuracy and efficiency. One such approach is the use of probabilistic decision-based neural networks (PDBNN). In this article, the authors present a novel method for face recognition using PDBNNs. They explain that PDBNNs are a type of neural network that can model complex relationships between inputs and outputs, making them suitable for tasks like face recognition. The authors describe the architecture of their PDBNN, which consists of multiple layers of neurons. Each neuron in the network makes probabilistic decisions based on the inputs it receives, which are then propagated through the network to make a final decision. To train their PDBNN, the authors use a dataset of facial images with known labels. They describe a two-step training process, where the network is first trained using a standard backpropagation algorithm and then fine-tuned using a probabilistic decision-based learning algorithm. This allows the network to learn both discriminative features of the faces and the associated uncertainties. The author evaluate the performance of their PDBNN on several benchmark face recognition datasets.
Study of non-stationary flow of viscoelastic incompressible fluid in a flat channel
Authors: Navruzov Kuralboy , Rajabov Suxrob , Abdikarimov Nabijon , Turdimurodov Otabek , Nasrulloeva Rayhona
Published: November 2024

The problems of the non-stationary flow of a viscoelastic fluid in a flat channel under the influence of a constant pressure gradient are solved based on the generalized Maxwell model. By solving the problem, formulas for velocity distribution, fluid flow rate, and other hydrodynamic quantities were determined. Based on the formulas derived, transient processes in the unsteady flow of a viscoelastic fluid in a flat channel are analysed. Based on the results of the analysis, it was shown that transient processes depending on the Deborah number, which determines the elasticity property in an elastic-viscous fluid, differ fundamentally from the transient process in a Newtonian fluid. It was discovered that the transition processes of the characteristics of an elastic-viscous fluid from an unsteady to a stationary state at small values of the Deborah number practically do not differ from the transition processes of a Newtonian fluid. At large values of the Deborah number, it was established that the process of transition of an elastic-viscous fluid from an unsteady state to a stationary one is of a wave nature, in contrast to the transition process of a Newtonian fluid, and the transition time is several times longer than the transition time of a Newtonian fluid. It was also revealed that perturbed processes can arise during the transition.
Poisson approximation of binomial point processes
Authors: Khamdamov Isakjan , Sharipova Lola
Published: November 2024

In the paper, we study properties of the vertex process from convex hulls generated by independent observations of a two-dimensional random vector, the distribution of which behaves like a regularly varying function near the boundary of the support of the disk. The problem of approximating the distributions of sums of random variables, despite its rich history, is still relevant today. The Poisson approximation, along with the normal approximation, remain intensively developing areas of modern probability theory. We note their importance in solving statistical problems, in which the presence of a simple asymptotic expansion makes it possible not only to obtain more accurate statistical estimates, but also to solve the problem of the error significance level. In this article, we use the Poisson approximation to study the limit distributions of functionals generated by aninhomogeneous binomial point process.
Assessing environmental problems: Primary indicators and their role in ecosystem management
Authors: Ruzieva Mairam , Ruziev Umar
Published: November 2024

Rapid industrialization and structural changes have led to significant environmental pollution, with increased expansion in network and territorial dimensions. The growth of “dirty” industries, which demand substantial natural and energy resources, has exacerbated the ecological challenges and placed economic stability at risk. This study aims to assess the impact of industrial expansion on environmental pollution and evaluate measures for mitigating ecological damage. The focus is on the role of state ecological policies, the prevention of resource exploitation, and international cooperation for ecological improvement. The research employs a review of current environmental policies, analysis of pollution indicators, and case studies on industrial impacts. The study also integrates theoretical models for understanding the interplay between economic activities and environmental degradation. The findings reveal that unchecked industrial activities contribute to severe ecological degradation, affecting both local and global ecosystems. The study highlights the necessity for stringent ecological regulations and collaborative efforts to address these challenges effectively. The results underscore the critical need for integrating ecological considerations into economic planning. By adopting comprehensive measures and fostering international collaboration, it is possible to mitigate environmental damage and improve ecological conditions. This approach is essential for ensuring long-term sustainability and stability.
Green space: Ensuring a sustainable future through effective urban and environmental management
Authors: Kurbanova Gulnoz , Gaffarova Sevara , Ashurbayeva Rukiya
Published: November 2024

In response to rapid urbanization and its environmental impacts, the national project “Green Space” has been launched to enhance and expand green areas. This initiative, introduced by the head of state, targets the planting of 1 billion trees and shrubs across the nation within five years. This study employs a comprehensive review of urbanization challenges and green space management strategies. Data were gathered from project reports, urban planning documents, and case studies of smart sustainable cities. Analytical methods include comparative analysis and evaluation of urban green space effectiveness. The project “Green Space” is expected to address significant environmental, social, and economic issues caused by urban growth. Findings suggest that integrating smart city concepts and optimizing green space utilization can improve urban sustainability. The study highlights the need for efficient management practices to maintain highquality green areas amidst increasing urban density. The results underscore the critical role of green spaces in mitigating the adverse effects of rapid urbanization. Effective urban and environmental management strategies are essential for fostering sustainable development. Recommendations include adopting multifunctional green space designs and enhancing public engagement in green initiatives.
Formation of a sustainable urban environment in Bukhara: Problems and conflicts
Authors: Khayotova Nafisa
Published: November 2024

In this article, opinions are expressed about the existing problems in the formation of a sustainable urban environment in Bukhara and the factors that caused these problems. A sustainable city is a city that supports the ecological environment, eco-economy, and healthy lifestyle aimed at improving the quality of life of people. In the article. One of the important rules of a sustainable city is the prevention and elimination of environmental problems. It was mentioned that the environmental problems in the city are the result of the policies implemented in the beginning.
Overcoming obstacles: Solving cutting resistance problems
Authors: Korabayev Sherzod , Yuldashev Jamshid , Isokhanov Utkir , Makhkamova Shoira , Saparboyeva Nasiba
Published: November 2024

Cutting materials is an integral part of many manufacturing processes. However, there is often a problem with material resistance when cutting it, which can significantly slow down the process and affect the quality of the final product. The present study focuses on developing and presenting effective strategies to overcome the drag problem in material cutting. Methods for reducing cutting resistance cover a wide range of technologies and innovative approaches. The study analyzed various factors affecting cutting resistance, such as material type, thickness, cutting speed and equipment used. Based on empirical data and analytical methods, recommendations and practical solutions are developed to optimize the cutting process and minimize resistance.
Handwritten signature preprocessing for off-line recognition systems
Authors: Akhundjanov Umidjon , Zulunov Ravshanbek , Kayumov Ahror , Goipova Xumora , Ermatova Zarina , Sobirov Muslimjon
Published: November 2024

In the process of handwritten signature recognition, preliminary processing of the signature is an important step before identifying informative features. The signatures of one person always have some differences, in addition, they can be different colors, different sizes and orientations. Once signatures are digitized, their images may contain some noise. The purpose of preliminary processing of a signature image is to obtain the most invariant representation of a digital image of a person’s signature, which will allow him to be identified or to establish that the signature is forged.
Sustainable digital marketing: Optimizing stitch strength in camouflage for energy conservation in textile industries
Authors: Rizametova Manzura , Matchanova Gulrukh , Tojimirzaev Sanjar , Baymurova Nigora , Qoshnazarova Marxabo
Published: November 2024

This article aims to study the importance of the strength of stitches and the durability of the finished product, which are considered the main properties of military camouflage based on their theoretical and practical knowledge research, and scientific research works on mathematical modeling. War and battle have a long history of existence. The human race has innumerable times indulged in violent and aggressive conflicts to prove supremacy over each other or for the sake of self-defense. With the advances in Science and Technology, better long-range surveillance systems are deployed by armed forces. Hence, a better camouflage pattern and strength is also desired. And this fact has been realized by many nations. They are now emphasizing the research of the strength of the stitches in camouflage that can work a long time for their armed forces whether in wartime or peacetime defense.
Evaluation of dynamic characteristics of earth dams in spatial statement
Authors: Mirsaidov M.M. , Matkarimov Pakhridin , Juraev D.
Published: November 2024

The article provides a mathematical model, approach, and technique for figuring out an earth dam's dynamic properties in a spatial statement while taking the structure's design elements and hydrostatic water pressure into account. Spatial eigenfrequencies are determined and modes of vibration of three earth dams of different heights are constructed. As a result of calculations, it was discovered that a high dam's frequencies fall between a relatively low-frequency region of mutually influencing frequencies close to each other; as the height of the dam decreases, the values of the corresponding frequencies increase and their spectrum expands; for dams located in a narrow alignment, the placement of the left and right banks significantly affects the accuracy of results when estimating the natural frequencies and modes of vibration of the dam, hence a spatial calculation model of the structure is required. It has been determined that a spatial model of the construction must be used for dams situated in limited alignments, such as the Gissarak dam.
Ecological education in children's poetry: Expression of nature's relation to society
Authors: Jamilova Bashorat , Nuritdinova Shahnoz
Published: November 2024

In the article, children's poems are analyzed through symbolic images of biological plants, trees, animals, and people, including plot poems created by children's poets. It has been revealed that through the metaphorical expression of birds, animals, animals in children's poems, they think about current ecological problems, thereby, the purpose of changing the attitude towards nature, birds, and the biosphere in general in the mind of the young generation is aimed at a positive direction. In the article, children's poems are analyzed through symbolic images of biological plants, trees, animals, and people, including plot poems created by children's poets. It has been revealed that through the metaphorical expression of birds, animals, animals in children's poems, they think about current ecological problems, thereby, the purpose of changing the attitude towards nature, birds, and the biosphere in general in the mind of the young generation is aimed at a positive direction. The artistic expression in the poet's poems is mostly passed through the prism of the mind. It is also the art of being able to express complex relationships to babies. The author always approaches reality as a child's imagination, and uses mature thinking in interpreting them. In summing up, he demonstrates the skill of education. Also, the words arranged in H. Imonberdiev's poetic verses tighten the reins of the delicate feelings of the child's heart and lead to new discoveries. In the poet's poems, feelings such as love, longing, dreams, regret, and hatred serve as the main motives of a child's heart.
Effects of Growth Hormone on Osteoarthritis Development
Authors: Sun Lin , Gang Xiaokun , Li Fei , Guo Weiying , Cui Mengzhao , Wang Guixia
Published: November 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic joint disease characterized by primary or secondary
degeneration of articular cartilage and bone dysplasia, is associated with various
risk factors and is the leading cause of musculoskeletal pain and disability,
severely impacting the quality of life. Growth hormone (GH), secreted by the
anterior pituitary gland, is essential in mediating the growth and development of
bone and cartilage. Reportedly, osteoarthritis increases, and the growth hormone
decreases with age. A negative correlation between GH and OA suggests that GH may be
related to the occurrence and development of OA. Considering that abnormal growth
hormone levels can lead to many diseases related to bone growth, we focus on the
relationship between GH and OA. In this review, we will explain the effects of GH on
the growth and deficiency of bone and cartilage based on the local pathological
changes of osteoarthritis. In addition, the potential feasibility of treating OA
with GH will be further explored and summarized.
Lymphatic Malformations: Review of Diagnosis and Management for the Interventional Radiologist
Authors: Lee Shimwoo , Luhar Aarti , Miller Joseph
Published: November 2024

Lymphatic malformations (LMs) arise from errors in lymphatic vascular development during embryogenesis and encompass an array of conditions that span from common cystic LMs to complex lymphatic anomalies (CLAs). Manifestations of LMs are wide-ranging, from clinically inconsequential to life-threatening. Proper diagnosis and management can be challenging and often benefit from an experienced multidisciplinary team. Cystic LMs are localized entities for which percutaneous sclerotherapy is the mainstay treatment. CLAs, on the other hand, are more diffuse in involvement and typically require multimodal therapy. With advances in the genetic understanding of LMs, targeted systemic therapies have been increasingly utilized with promising results. Thoracic duct interventions, both surgical and percutaneous, have a limited role in CLAs and should be approached cautiously to avoid significant complications. In this review, we discuss the genetic basis, imaging findings, and management options for LMs, with a particular focus on relevant interventional radiology techniques.
Sustainable supply chain management operations: does sustainable environmental disclosure matter for banks’ financial performance in Nigeria?
Authors: Chen Ding , Gummi Umar Muhammad , Ibrahim Mustapha , Tahir Fatima Alfa
Published: November 2024

In recent years, banks have incorporated sustainable development strategies to achieve competitiveness in the financial market. However, the primary concern for banks is the financial pressure to implement sustainable environmental practices. In addition, banks are obliged by different regulators to maintain standards in conducting their business and allocating funds. Previous studies examined the relationship between sustainability reporting, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and firms’ financial performance. Few empirical studies examined the impact of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) operations on firm financial outcomes, yet the banking sector has been ignored in the analyses. To bridge this gap, we examine the dynamic effect of SSCM operations on deposit money banks’ (DMBs) financial performance. We selected seven banks in Nigeria with national, regional and international authorization and data spanning from 2005 to 2023. Based on the panel co-integration test and the Cross-sectional Dependence Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (CS-ARDL) model, we found that SSCM operations have a significant influence on the financial performance (market value and profitability) of the banks. Impliedly, banks’ SSCM operations and environmental consideration in the allocation of funds drive their corporate image and value. Integration of SSCM strategies for a sustainable environment can help enterprises/companies bridge information asymmetry among diverse stakeholders. We offer some policy suggestions in line with the empirical findings.
Powertrain matching and optimization for pure electric commercial vehicles based on service requirements
Authors: Jiang Yuzhou , Yang Chaohui , Hu Jianlong , Zhang Tiezhu , Zhang Hongxin , Tian Tianchi
Published: November 2024

Pure electric commercial vehicles are extensively utilized under diverse driving conditions, each imposing distinct demands on the drive system. This variability complicates the design of power systems for commercial vehicles, making the optimal matching of drivetrain parameters crucial. To maximize vehicle performance and efficiency, this study integrates numerical statistical methods during the parameter-matching process of the vehicle's drivetrain system. By analyzing the numerical characteristics of driving conditions and incorporating the determined energy distribution and motor high-frequency operating ranges, a multi-objective optimization of the transmission system is performed using a combined Cruise and iSIGHT simulation with an improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II. The results reveal that drivetrain parameters matched using numerical statistical methods surpass traditional methods. Post-optimization, the pure electric commercial vehicle not only meets power requirements but also achieves a 2.85% improvement in economic performance under Chinese Heavy Commercial Vehicle Driving Conditions cycle conditions and a 1.86% increase in efficiency at the design target speed of 88.5 km/h.
Questioning the validity of spintronic inductors: Potential artifacts in emergent inductance
Authors: Choi Junyeong , Lee Geun-Hee , Yang Jiseok , Kang Jaimin , Park Byong-Guk , Park Albert Min Gyu , Kim Kab-Jin
Published: November 2024

Understanding and utilizing spin–charge interactions in solids is a cornerstone of spintronics. Emergent inductance, a notable consequence of these interactions, has been observed in various spintronic devices. Typically, it is characterized by a negative inductance at low frequencies and significant suppression at high frequencies due to external pinning effects. However, we demonstrate that these conditions are not exclusive to emergent inductance as parasitic circuit elements can mimic these effects. We find that hidden parasitic capacitance significantly influences the imaginary impedance by forming a parallel resister (R)-capacitor (C) circuit. Additionally, magnetoresistance in the RC circuit alters imaginary impedance magnetically, which also mimics the anisotropic behavior of emergent inductance. These observations suggest that parasitic elements may hinder the observation of pure emergent inductance. Therefore, stricter criteria are required to confirm emergent inductance.
High breakdown voltages on pseudo-vertical p–n diodes by selective area growth of GaN on silicon
Authors: Kaltsounis Thomas , El Amrani Mohammed , Plaza Arguello David , El Rammouz Hala , Lafossas Matthieu , Torrengo Simona , Mendizabal Laurent , Gueugnot Alain , Mariolle Denis , Jalabert Thomas , Buckley Julien , Cordier Yvon , Charles Matthew
Published: November 2024

Selective area growth (SAG) of gallium nitride (GaN) on silicon (Si) wafers efficiently relaxes the tensile stress that is generated in the GaN layer, when the structure is cooled down to room temperature after the growth. Hence, SAG enables the growth of thicker layers that are capable of operating at higher voltages than those grown in 2D layers. In this study, two GaN layers are grown by SAG on 200 mm-diameter Si(111) wafers by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy for the fabrication of pseudo-vertical p–n diodes. During the growth, the SiH4 precursor flow for the first sample was double than that for the second one. The uniformity of the doping concentration of the layers is investigated by scanning spreading resistance microscopy and the p- and n-type doped regions are examined by scanning capacitance microscopy. A low net doping concentration of 1.4 × 1016 cm−3 is extracted from capacitance–voltage measurements and a destructive breakdown occurs at 700 V for a 90 μm-diameter pseudo-vertical p–n diode. These results show the high potential of the SAG of GaN on Si wafers for vertical power devices.