bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-pedagogical factors of family relationships within the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Berezovska Liudmyla
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on family relationships. It is noted that any family has been in a difficult position for more than a year, which has adversely affected all areas of its livelihoods and led to an increase in the number of divorces, and, as a result, of incomplete families. Therefore, it is not surprising that family problems, family relationships, attract scientists’ particular attention. Taking into account the importance and relevance of the outlined problems, we have analysed the factors of interpersonal interaction which negatively affect family well-being; they are: conflict relations between spouses, increased emotional tension, lack of communication, the authority of one of spouses, misunderstanding and imposing of inadequate social roles, low level of culture in family relationships. To determine the impact of quarantine on family relationships, a questionnaire was developed on the on-line platform of Google-Forms. 84 married couples were involved into a survey. The analysis of the results testified that in a third of the polled families who took part in the study, significant problems associated with the organisation of family life under conditions of the quarantine arose. This is the evidence that members of the family are not able to spend time together, they lack joint topics and interests, lacking respect and mutual understanding or tolerance towards each other. Working with various types of families (prosperous, non-social, those with low-income, large families), it is necessary for a social worker to take into account the peculiarities of working with different families and, on this basis, to use adequate forms and methods of work. In order to prevent destructive consequences caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, social workers need to strengthen advisory work in on-line and offline formats for the importance of communication within interpersonal relationships, demonstrating openness and trust in relations, adequate behavioural models in conflict situations. Socio-pedagogical work with the family within a quarantine should be aimed at restoring lost trust, harmonisation of married couples’ relationships, creating a favourable microclimate in the family. An important step in raising the culture-related level of family relationships is the creation of innovative complexes of programs by social service centres intended for families, children and youth on the on-line platforms.
Evaluation of oxidative stress markers in hospitalized patients with moderate and severe COVID-19
Authors: Zendelovska Dragica , Atanasovska Emilija , Petrushevska Marija , Spasovska Katerina , Stevanovikj Milena , Demiri Ilir , Labachevski Nikola
Published: April 2021

Background. Clinical evidence suggests increased oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients and this worsened redox status could potentially contribute to the progression of the disease.

Objectives. To investigate the oxidative stress we have measured oxidative stress parameters, namely, PAT (total antioxidant power, iron reducing) and d-ROMs (plasma peroxides). Additionally we have investigated their correlation with the most frequently used clinical parameters CRP, LDH, and NLR in serum from moderate and severe COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a tertiary hospital.

Methods. PAT and d-ROMs were determined by analytical photometric metric method in serum from 50 hospitalized patients. For each of them, two samples were collected and analyzed immediately after collection seven days apart.

Results. All patients at admission had a much higher value for plasma peroxides and a significant correlation between oxidative stress parameters and CRP, LDH, and NLR. (p<0.05), except for OS index (OSI) vs CRP in the severe group. At discharge, plasma peroxides were reduced and OSI was improved in the moderate group.

Conclusion. We consider that using OSI at the beginning of COVID-19 disease presents a valuable starting point for the general assessment of oxidative stress and hence enabling a better triage of the patients in terms of disease severity.
Assessment on Social Vulnerability and Response Towards Natural Disaster in A Disaster-Prone Coastal Village: An Example from Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Md. Humayain , Hossain Tanvir
Published: April 2021

Due to geographical locations, the Southwestern coastal region of Bangladesh is frequently experiencing climate change induced disasters such as cyclones, floods, and tidal surges. However, local communities at this region have a long history of coping with the adverse effects of these disasters. Consequently, this research assessed the social vulnerability towards natural disasters through local peoples’ perception and identified the existing immediate response against natural disasters at Kazirchar village in Muladi Upazila of Barishal district of the coastal region. In this study, a well-structured questionnaire survey, and focus group discussions were conducted to collect primary data. The collected data were processed and analysed to present the existing impacts of natural disasters. Besides, the immediate responses were categorized into different sectors. The study found that, the most prevalent coastal disaster in Kazirchar village was cyclone. About 48% of surveyed respondents opined that high cost of living was the main reason for increasing the vulnerability towards disasters. To adapt with disaster impacts, 58% respondents of this village need to travel long distances to collect drinking water. On the other hand, during flood, 26% people took shelter on government-owned high lands, whereas 40% shifted temporarily to their neighbors who are living in house with a high land elevation. This research concludes that the village has a low prior preparedness against various disasters, less knowledge about disaster, less coordination and poor collaboration between government organization (GOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) regarding disaster risk reduction. It is expected that this study will act as a source of information for taking natural disaster management initiatives and the findings of this study will push the policy makers to develop and implement long term adaptation strategies in coastal areas of Bangladesh particularly in Barishal district.
Identifikasi morfometri dan pola ruang taman setra di Kecamatan Kuta Utara, Kabupaten Badung, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Baskara Putu Wiprah , Sugianthara Anak Agung Gede , Asmiwyati I Gusti Agung Ayu Rai
Published: April 2021

Bali island has three types of garden. One of garden’s types that exist in Bali is setra. Setra garden in Bali had been used for spiritual ceremonies like Ngaben. There were more than 1500 setra gardens that had not been yet identified in Bali. Therefore, identifying, collecting data, and mapping of setras garden were needed in analyzing the setras. Setras garden in which located in North Kuta sub-district was chosen in this research because there was not any database yet which was related to the setras especially for its space pattern and morphometry. This research aimed to identify the morphometry, space pattern, factors that affecting space pattern, and utilization of the setras in North Kuta sub-district. The research method used was survey method. This research used descriptive qualitative, and quantitative analisys. In the results, this research found that Kerobokan traditional village had the highest percentage number of setra garden which was 38,1%. Setra Tuka was located in the higest elevation (122,34 msal), while the 80% of setras was in the flat topography. The average area of setras garden in North Kuta was about 0,12 Ha. Direction of centre, and southeast was the most setras position (19%). The whole setras garden in North Kuta applied Tri Mandala concept as its space pattern and all of its space pattern was affected by tradition factor. For setras additional utilization, Caru and Ngereh have the highest percentage, while Ngelungah and Ngelangkir is more attractive activity for tourism.
Penilaian efektivitas Lapangan Lumintang sebagai ruang terbuka publik di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Dewi I Gusti Ayu Feby Purnami , Semarajaya Cokorda Gede Alit , Mayun Ida Ayu
Published: April 2021

Lumintang Field is one of the artificial landscapes in the form of public open space with its main function as a ceremonial field. At present, the field also has an additional function as a place for sports, recreations and educations, its evidenced by the construction of various facilities to support community activities. Although it has been improved, this field still has problems, such as the number of visitors stepping on low plants when entering the field, so that access to the field that is not functioning properly and the absence of a parking lot makes visitors park carelessly. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Lumintang Field as a public open space in Denpasar City. The method used is a survey method with data collection techniques are observation, questionnaire distribution, interviews, and literature study, with data analysis such as Lumintang Field facilities analysis and analysis of public space effectiveness. The results revealed that the existence of Lumintang Field as a public open space in Denpasar City was quite effective with a value of 2.0. The participation of visitors is needed to participate in maintaining the cleanliness and preservation of Lumintang Field, and the management can make the results of the research as a reference in the future improvement of the field area.
Studi komparasi traffic island Taman Titi Banda dengan traffic island Taman Dewa Ruci di Bali
Authors: Putra Ida Bagus Eka Permana , Semarajaya Cokorda Gede Alit , Pradnyawathi Ni Luh Made
Published: April 2021

Traffic islands are parts of roads that cannot be passed by motorized vehicles, which include sidewalks, garbage dumps, plants, utilities, and signs. The traffic island park Titi Banda in Denpasar and the traffic island garden Dewa Ruci in Kuta have both the function of a traffic island and a landmark. Currently, the two traffic islands are getting additional functions, as a place for recreation and a place to turn around for vehicles.The purpose of this study are to inventory the existing conditions at both sites, compare the two traffic islands, and provide appropriate recommendations to maintain the main function of the two traffic islands. The method used in this research is a survey method, data collection method through observation, questionnaires and interviews.  The results showed that the traffic island design for the Titi Banda park and the traffic island for the Dewa Ruci park were not in accordance with the references or regulations regarding traffic islands and roads. The existing conditions on both sites are divided into hardscape elements and softscape elements. Comparisons are made on the two traffic islands in terms of pedestrians, entrance access, vegetation and road facilities by referring to regulations, and literature related to traffic island. The recommendations given include the addition of block tiles and warning tiles for pedestrians, entry access, replacement of vegetation, and providing road facilities that can provide a sense of security and comfort for pedestrians and road users. In addition, the recommendations given can maintain the main function of the site as a traffic island and landmark for the island of Bali and increase convenience for road users and pedestrians.
Trans-hepatic Lung Ultrasound – A Window for Supine Patients
Authors: Varela Miguel Lourenço , Ribeiro Sofia Branco , Krystopchuk Andriy , Nunez Daniel
Published: April 2021

Lung ultrasound has gained increasing use in the last few years, especially in the critically ill patients. By applying the probe on the thorax, much of the lung can be inspected and multiple conditions can be diagnosed and monitored, through anterior, lateral and posterior thoracic views. We describe a novel approach to visualization of part of the lower lobe of the right lung, through a trans-hepatic approach.
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residents
Authors: Gopal Dipika , Baston Cameron , Adusumalli Srinath , Jagasia Dinesh , Prenner Stuart
Published: April 2021

Background:  Focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) is a safe and efficient diagnostic intervention for internal medicine physicians. FCU is a highly teachable skill, but is used in routine cardiac assessment in only 20% of surveyed training programs. We developed an FCU curriculum for internal medicine residents and an assessment tool to evaluate the impact of the curriculum on trainee knowledge and confidence. Methods: Internal medicine residents rotating through clinical cardiology services underwent 30 minutes of didactic and 60 minutes of hands-on teaching on acquisition and interpretation of FCU. A 20 item pre and post-curriculum online survey was administered (November 2018-December 2019) to assess confidence and knowledge in FCU. Results: 79 of 116 (68%) residents completed the pre-survey and 50 completed the post-survey, of whom 34 received the curriculum. The mean change in confidence score in those who received versus did not receive the curriculum was 0.99 versus 0.39 (p=0.046) on a 5-point Likert scale. Among 33 residents who had paired pre- and post-surveys the mean change in confidence score was 1.2 versus 0.85 (p<0.001) in those who received versus did not receive the curriculum. The mean increase in knowledge score was 13% versus 7% respectively (p<0.0001). Conclusions: We instituted a novel curriculum for internal medicine residents to gain experience in image acquisition and interpretation. Both confidence and knowledge in FCU improved following the curriculum, indicating that this is a highly teachable skill. Additional analysis of the of the FCU study images will be useful for informing future interventions.
NEO-PAGANISM OF THE CRIMEAN KARAITES: GENESIS AND CURRENT STATE
Authors: Martyn Maksym
Published: April 2021

Summary. The purpose of the study is to analyze the history of the emergence and development of the phenomenon in the culture of the Karaites of Eastern Europe, which can be described as neo-paganism.
Research methodology is based on the scientific and special-historical methods and the growth of the historical analysis. The article is based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and problem-chronological approach.
The scholar novelty of the article is in the fact that for the first time an attempt has been made to comprehensively study the phenomenon of neo-paganism of the Crimean Karaites in its development, from its origin to the present state. In the same way, for the first time it attempts to single out all the elements on which the neo-pagan discourse of the Crimean Karaites is based, to determine the time and circumstance of the appearance or the first mention of each of them.
Conclusions. It was found that the search for or invention of pagan traditions in the culture of the Crimean Karaites was an irreversible and logical consequence of the campaign to absolutize the importance of Turkish heritage and popularize the idea of exclusively Turkish origin of the Crimean Karaites, conducted by Karaite leader S. Shapshal in the 1930s among the Karaites of the Second Polish Republic. The source of inspiration for authors who have been looking for traces of paganism in the culture of the Karaites of Eastern Europe could be materials published in the interwar Karaite press, including the Polish-language magazine "Myśl Karaimska" published in Vilno (contemporary Vilnius), and on the editorial policy of which S. Shapshal had a great influence. However, as can be seen, Shapshal is not always personally responsible for the interpretation of various elements of Karaite culture as pagan and for the emergence of new pseudo-pagan elements. It has also been shown that not all elements of Karaite culture used as evidence of the paganism of their ancestors are late inventions or borrowings, but may be traces of the cultural diffusion of Karaites and Turkish peoples during the long existence of Karaites in the Turkish environment.
دور مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي في تشكيل الوعي السياسي (دارسة استطلاعية لآراء عينة من طلبة الجامعات الحكومية في مدينة دهوك)
Authors: Abdo Eido Abdal
Published: April 2021

تسعى هذه الورقة البحثية إلى معرفة دور مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي في تشكيل وتعزيز الوعي السياسي لدى طلاب الجامعات الحكومية في مدينة دهوك بأقليم كوردستان العراق. ومن اجل التوصل إلى نتائج موضوعية ومقبولة قام الباحث بصياغة مشكلة بحثية ووضع مجموعة من التساؤلات التي يتطلب الاجابة عليها في سياق البحث. اما الفرضية التي بني عليها البحث فتتلخص في أن لمواقع التواصل الاجتماعي دور في تكوين الوعي السياسي لدى الفئة المبحوثة. واعتمد الباحث في جمع المعلومات والبيانات المتعلقة بالاطار النظري على الدراسات والادبيات المتعلقة بالبحث. كما لجأ الباحث إلى استخدام المنهجين الوصفي والتحليلي في البحث، واعتمد على استبانة بحثية تم تصميمها لجمع معلومات وآراء عينة البحث المتكونة من (258) طالب وطالبة في جامعتي دهوك ودهوك التقنية باعتبارهما جامعات حكومية. وبعد الانتهاء من كتابة وشرح المفاهيم النظرية وتحليل الجانب الميداني للدراسة، توصل الباحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والتعميمات، ومن اهمها ان الطلبة المبحوثين يستخدمون مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي بنسبة عالية ويعتمدون عليها في معرفة المعلومات والأخبار السياسية باعتبارها وسيلة سريعة وغير خاضعة لرقابة فعالة. كما انها تساهم في تفعيل المشاركة السياسية وترسيخ الوعي السياسي لديهم.
La responsabilidad social empresarial frente al reto de la covid-19
Authors: García Gálvez Jorge Antonio , Morales Owseykoff Tamara , Olivares Galván Héctor Rogelio
Published: April 2021

Actualmente la sociedad se encuentra ante una crisis global causada por la pandemia de la COVID-19. Ante la pregunta de cómo hacer sostenible la recuperación de la economía mundial, se presentan opciones que ahora son posibles gracias a los cambios generados por la pandemia. Para las empresas, los programas de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) serán útiles para reorientar los modelos de trabajo.El objetivo del trabajo es analizar los retos y oportunidades que tendrán las empresas en la nueva realidad post-COVID-19 y el papel que puede desempeñar la RSE para ayudar a las empresas a sobrevivir en el futuro inmediato y prosperar a largo plazo. Este trabajo es cualitativo, utilizándose textos de investigación, medios electrónicos, revistas especializadas en negocios y salud, diarios de circulación nacional e internacional. Recapitulando, no será posible el retorno a la situación previa a la pandemia. La crisis abre oportunidades para apoyar políticas sostenibles con el medio ambiente y que promuevan los derechos humanos y laborales. La demanda de los consumidores, las redes de proveedores de las empresas, sus fuentes de efectivo, usos de financiamiento y liquidez han cambiado.Las empresas pueden encontrar en los programas de RSE herramientas útiles para adaptarse a la nueva realidad.
Calidad del arqueo de caja mediante el uso de una app móvil
Authors: Benítez Guadarrama Juan Pedro , Ramírez Roja Ana Luisa , Zamora Pérez Jorge Enrique
Published: April 2021

Ante el incremento acelerado de aplicaciones móviles en plataformas digitales se observan herramientas tecnológicas que pretenden ser útiles al usuario en la solución inmediata en situaciones laborables, académicas o sociales; al momento de descargar o adquirir las aplicaciones móviles para realizar una tarea o una actividad determinada, se piensa en obtener los resultados sobre la información que se requiere o se solicita; el objetivo de esta investigación es mostrar el nivel de calidad que tiene la App como herramienta para generar información financiera sobre el manejo y control del efectivo; en el desarrollo de la aplicación se sustentó en la norma ISO 13407, esta norma establece el diseño centrado en las necesidades del usuario y los procedimientos para el procesamiento de datos con base en la normatividad de auditoría en donde se sustenta el control interno del rubro sobre el efectivo; para realizar las pruebas sobre el uso de la aplicación se utilizaron datos reales de pymes dedicados a la actividad comercial, industrial y prestación de servicios; en la validación de contendió y resultados participaron 80 contadores públicos certificados, quienes dieron su opinión por escrito sobre el nivel de uso conforme a la norma ISO 25010; los resultados revelan que la herramienta presenta niveles de calidad excelentes debido a que cumple con todas y cada una de las variables de funcionalidad, eficiencia, compatibilidad, usabilidad, confiabilidad, seguridad, mantenibilidad y portabilidad, por tanto es generador de información financiera oportuna, confiable, comprensible y relevante, útil al usuario para una efectiva toma de decisiones en el manejo y control del efectivo.
Bacterial flora in chronic sinusitis in children
Authors: Michalik Michał , Podbielska-Kubera Adrianna , Pawłowska Maria , Miazga Jolanta
Published: April 2021

Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the main causes of morbidity in the paediatric population. The aetiology of chronic sinusitis (CS) is still investigated. Most cases of chronic sinusitis develop from unresolved acute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis is usually associated with one species of bacteria (most often aerobic), whereas chronic sinusitis is dominated by a mixed bacterial flora including 2-3 bacterial strains. The most common pathogens in chronic sinusitis are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, as well as Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli and anaerobic bacteria. Staphylococci predominated in the study group of patients: 36 strains of S. aureus and 31 strains of S. epidermidis were isolated. Typical respiratory pathogens were practically absent, and constituted only a small percentage of all isolated microorganisms. Full diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic sinusitis should include laryngological, microbiological, allergological, biochemical, and histopathological consultations as well as diagnostic imaging. Isolation of materials with high diagnostic value (aspirates, tissues) is very important. The selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy, in addition to assessing bacterial resistance to antibiotics, may require the determination of virulence traits of cultured strains.
Dental care in pregnancy – the state of knowledge among Polish dentists and gynaecologists, and factors affecting knowledge about dental management in pregnancy
Authors: Kobylińska Angelika , Marczuk-Kolada Grażyna , Studnicki Marcin , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The overall health condition, as well as the course and duration of pregnancy are important determinants of the term of delivery and child’s well-being, including birth weight and oral health. Unfortunately, dental attendance of pregnant women is insufficient. This may result from the poor oral health knowledge of dentists and obstetrician-gynaecologists. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of Polish dentists and obstetrician-gynaecologists on oral health and dental care in pregnant women, as well as its socio-economic determinants. Material and methods. An anonymous questionnaire for dentists and obstetrician-gynaecologists, which included questions on the demographic characteristics of respondents, as well as 29 single-choice questions on dental issues in pregnancy, which we classified into 4 thematic categories (I ? relationship between maternal periodontal diseases and the course of pregnancy/child’s health; II ? dental management and oral physiological changes in pregnancy; III ? the safety of dental procedures in pregnancy; IV ? providing health advice) was carried out. The data were analysed statistically. Results. A total of 485 dentists and 185 obstetrician-gynaecologists (670 doctors in total) completed the questionnaire. Dentists were more likely to know the relationship between oral conditions in pregnancy and birth weight, the future risk of periodontal diseases and caries in the child. However, they were less likely to provide correct answers to questions on the safety of diagnostic radiology in pregnancy. On the other hand, obstetrician-gynaecologists were more likely to have doubts about performing some dental procedures, including fluoride varnish application and scaling. The mean number of correct answers to all questions was higher in the group of dentists vs. gynaecologists. Correlations with age and a longer period of practice were found in the group of dentists, while correlations with age and the type of practice were observed among gynaecologists. Conclusions. The poor level of knowledge of Polish dentists and gynaecologists on dental treatment and its safety in pregnant women indicates the need for education of dental and obstetric practitioners. The level of knowledge in both these professional groups is associated with age and, additionally, with the length of practice in the case of dentists, and the type of practice in the case of obstetrician-gynaecologists.
Zmiany w układzie sercowo-naczyniowym u pacjentów z jadłowstrętem psychicznym
Authors: Gołąbek-Dylewska Małgorzata , Kamińska Halszka , Werner Bożena
Published: April 2021

Anorexia nervosa is one of the most common eating disorders, third on the list of the most frequent chronic diseases in young population in a number of developed countries. 85% of anorectic patients are young women, 80% develop cardiovascular complications. The most common symptoms are bradycardia and hypotension. ECG may show repolarization abnormalities, QT interval prolongation and low amplitude of QRS complex. In course of the disease left ventricular size, volume and mass show tendency to reduction, however global systolic function of left ventricle stays unchanged. In some patients impaired diastolic function is observed. The pericardial effusion and mitral valve prolapse are other frequently observed cardiovascular complications of anorexia nervosa. The majority of cardiovascular pathologies connected with the disease does not result in clinically significant symptoms. Specific cardiological treatment is usually not necessary, as the changes resolve spontaneously in course of successful treatment of underlying disease. Cardiovascular complications, especially complex ventricular arrhythmia, are after suicide the second most common cause of sudden death in anorexia nervosa. Among risk factors of sudden cardiac death are listed: significant body weight reduction, long duration of the disease, chronic hypokalemia and hypoalbuminemia and QT interval prolongation in ECG. The symptoms of heart failure are most likely to appear not in the acute stage of anorexia, but during the treatment and while returning to normal body weight. Therefore check-up of cardiovascular parameters is essential in patients with anorexia nervosa – both in the acute stage of the disease and during therapy.
“May the gates to paradise open for us…”: medial semantics in N. S. Gumilyov's poetry
Authors: Pinaev Sergei Mikhailovich , Dmitrieva Yulia Yurevna
Published: April 2021

The subject of this research is the medial semantics in the poetry of Nikolay Stepanovich Gumilyov, which is inseparably associated with the pivotal for the poet motif of path, journey, and road. The corpus of N. S. Gumilyov's poems written from 1905 to 1921 serves as the material for this research. A certain constant can be traced in interpretation of medial semantics: even if the author speaks of the gates as a physical object (the gates of a castle or house), the image has a transcendental connotation. The gates are a path to another world, often to paradise; they are not open of everyone and can be seen only by the dedicated. Similar understanding of the gates Gumilyov reflects in his theoretical articles, such as a program manifesto of a new literary trend “The Heritage of Symbolism and Acmeism”. As testified by A. Akhmatova, he sought for the mystical “golden gates”, and intended to discover it while travelling to Africa. Failure in finding it led to the emergence of macabrely interpretation of medial semantics: it can be not only the gates paradise, but also to otherworldliness, behind which are awaiting the terrible torments. As a result, the author determines the constant and variable characteristics of this figurative complex, which is inextricably entwined with the core concept of the path, road, and journey in Gumilyov’s poetry. Medial semantics interacts with a range of thanatological and gnoseological motifs: gates lead to knowledge and reveal to the dedicated and worthful. Entering another world is not the goal of the path; the portal opens in unexpected places, and not everyone can see it.
To the problem of intertextuality of “Fandorin corpus” by B. Akunin “Planet Water” and “Froth on the Daydream” by Boris Vian
Authors: Gereikhanova Kamilla Fezameddinovna , Afanaseva Oksana Vasilevna
Published: April 2021

This article is dedicated to the questions of intertextual dialogue in modern Russian literature on the example of allusions to the novel “Froth on the Daydream” by Boris Vian in the novel “Planet Water” by B. Akunin. The object of this research is the game with audience used by B. Akunin, which allows broadening the context of perception of the novel through intertextual links. The subject of this research is the forms and ways of manifestation of intertextual dialogue of the two works – “Planet Water” and “Froth on the Daydream”, as well as their interaction through the literary works of antiquity and Japanese legends. The authors examine the references to B. Vian’s novel, describing their role in text of the narrative. The article employs comparative, contextual,l and hermeneutical analysis. The interaction of the corpus of texts about Fandorin with the works of Russian, English and Japanese literature is subject to detailed analysis. The texts of B. Akunin about Erast Fandorin abound with various references to the Russian and foreign literary works. The scientific novelty is define by the fact that this article is first to draw parallels with the French literature. The article determines and substabtiates intertextual links of “Planet Water” with “Froth on the Daydream”, which manifest through the key images and onomastic system of the novel. These links should attributed to hidden, encrypted intertext, cryptotext; in order to grasp such text, the reader must be familiar with the primary source. The presence of intertextual dialogue broadens the context of perception of the detective story and associate it with the genre of dystopia and parody.
A REELABORAÇÃO DA TRADIÇÃO DO “FILHO DO HOMEM” PELA COMUNIDADE MARCANA EM MC 13,24-27
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Ramos Diego da Silva
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo ocupa-se com a análise exegética de Mc 13,24-27, sob o Método Histórico-Crítico, e, portanto, segue os passos clássicos do método, a saber: tradução, crítica literária, crítica da forma, crítica do gênero literário, crítica da redação, crítica das tradições e, por fim, o comentário exegético. O objetivo principal é analisar a expressão “ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου/filho do homem”, a fim de compreender a reelaboração desta tradição pela comunidade marcana. A motivação se deu a partir das mudanças hermenêuticas que o epíteto sofre no decorrer da literatura bíblica até a sua consolidação, atribuída ao Cristo no Novo Testamento. Afinal, quais circunstâncias ou contextos influenciaram na reelaboração desta tradição, gerando uma leitura totalmente nova pelo autor do Evangelho de Marcos? O artigo mostra que o autor do Evangelho não estava alheio ao ambiente cultural que o circundava e sugere a releitura desta tradição como uma resposta à literatura de Enoque, corrente no século I.
OS "SEM RELIGIÃO" E A CULTURA PÓS-MODERNA
Authors: Lima Sebastião Hugo Brandão , Vasconcelos Sergio Sezino Douets
Published: April 2021

Pretendemos abordar uma das importantes mudanças religiosas no campo religioso brasileiro, com uma crise de pertença institucional e expansão dos que se declaram sem religião, ou sem instituição, no Censo do IBGE de 2010, e sua relação com o advento do que denominaremos neste trabalho de pós-modernidade Trata-se de uma nova realidade religiosa vivenciada pelo indivíduo pós-moderno que nos leva a busca de um novo sentido da vida e novas formas de relacionamento com o transcendente, por assim dizer uma nova forma de se vivenciar a religiosidade na pós-modernidade.
BANCADA EVANGÉLICA DA CÂMARA DO RECIFE: O APOGEU EM 2016, A PERDA DE VOTOS EM 2020 E O VOTO EVANGÉLICO INSTITUCIONALIZADO
Authors: Correa Marina Aparecida Oliveira dos Santos , Xavier Liniker Henrique
Published: April 2021

A bancada evangélica da Câmara de Vereadores do Recife viveu dois momentos distintos nas eleições de 2016 e na de 2020. Na primeira, os votos destinados aos parlamentares que viriam a integrar a bancada passou dos 80 mil. O número caiu para 66 mil na segunda eleição. Neste artigo, apresentamos os dois cenários: primeiro, o de 2016, com o apogeu dos candidatos evangélicos e, depois, a perda de 20% dos votos em quatro anos. A partir dos dados que traremos, vamos discutir o comportamento do voto evangélico, que passou a admitir novas realidades com o advento da modernidade. Para tanto, apresentamos de que modo se dá a crise institucional evangélica e como ela se reflete no comportamento dos fiéis, inclusive na hora do voto. Ainda, demonstramos aqui, fazendo uso de conceitos trabalhados por Peter Berger, de que forma este grupo de eleitores consegue transitar entre distintas realidades a partir do conceito da alternação biográfica, ainda que estas realidades sejam contraditórias.
ORIGIN AND ESSENCE OF MONEY
Authors: Ishunov Vjacheslav
Published: April 2021

Direct commodity exchange, having exhausted its potential, gave way to a new form of exchange - random money exchange. The overcoming of the difficulties of direct commodity exchange took place through qualitative changes in exchange relations. Analyzing the new exchange scheme, let us pay attention to the fact that two mediators, a subject and an object, appear here at once. In this case, the mediator - the subject treats the mediator - the object as money. A person's attitude to any object is determined by the properties that are inherent in this object. Consequently, in order to understand the nature of money, it is necessary to reveal their basic properties. Let's highlight eight key features of money.
Predicting Phosphorescence Energies and Inferring Wavefunction Localization with Machine Learning
Authors: Sifain Andrew , Lystrom Levi , Messerly Richard A. , Smith Justin , Nebgen Benjamin , Barros Kipton , Tretiak Sergei , Lubbers Nicholas , Gifford Brendan J.
Published: April 2021

Phosphorescence is commonly utilized for applications including light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics. Machine learning (ML) approaches trained on ab-initio datasets of singlet-triplet energy gaps may expedite the discovery of phosphorescent compounds with the desired emission energies. However, we show that standard ML approaches for modeling potential energy surfaces inaccurately predict singlet-triplet energy gaps due to the failure to account for spatial localities of spin transitions. To solve this, we introduce localization layers in a neural network model that weight atomic contributions to the energy gap, thereby allowing the model to isolate the most determinative chemical environments. Trained on the singlet-triplet energy gaps of organic molecules, we apply our method to an out-of-sample test set of large phosphorescent compounds and demonstrate the substantial improvement that localization layers have on predicting their phosphorescence energies. Remarkably, the inferred localization weights have a strong relationship with the ab-initio spin density of the singlet-triplet transition, and thus infer localities of the molecule that determine the spin transition, despite the fact that no direct electronic information was provided during training. The use of localization layers is expected to improve the modeling of many localized, non-extensive phenomena and could be implemented in any atom-centered neural network model.
Desymmetrization of Pibrentasvir for Efficient Prodrug Synthesis
Authors: Voight Eric , Greszler Stephen , Hartung John , Ji Jianguo , Klix Russell C. , Randolph John T. , Shelat Bhadra , Waters Jan E. , DeGoey David A.
Published: April 2021

A novel and practical desymmetrization tactic is described to access a new class of pibrentasvir prodrugs. The homotopic benzimidazoles of pibrentasvir (PIB) are differentiated via a one-pot di-Boc/mono-de-Boc selective N-Boc protection and formaldehyde adduct formation sequence, both enabled by crystallization-induced selectivity. The first step represents the only known application of the Horeau principle of statistical amplification for C2-symmetric polyheterocycle regioselective functionalization. The resulting versatile intermediate is employed in the high-yielding preparation of several pibrentasvir prodrug candidates.
Reply to the Comment on “On the SN2 Reactions Modified in Vibrational Strong Coupling Experiments: Reaction Mechanisms and Vibrational Mode Assignments”
Authors: Climent Clàudia , Feist Johannes
Published: April 2021

In September 2020, we became aware that a comment (A. Thomas, L. Lethuillier-Karl, J. Moran and T. Ebbesen, 2020, DOI:10.26434/chemrxiv.12982358.v1.) on our recent paper (C. Climent and J. Feist, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2020, 22, 23545) had been posted to ChemRxiv. Since our attempts in October 2020 to reach out to the authors to discuss the points they raised did not receive a response as of April 2021, and the comment was not submitted as a formal comment to the original journal either, we here provide a brief reply based on the results that were already reported in our original manuscript. Most importantly, we show that we did not “presumably overlook” any data in the supplementary material of their original article, but that our results are actually fully consistent with those data.
Edge-Hydrogenated Germanene by Electrochemical Decalcification-Exfoliation of CaGe2: Germanene-Enabled Vapor Sensor
Authors: Kovalska Evgeniya , Antonatos Nikolas , Luxa Jan , Sofer Zdenek
Published: April 2021

Two-dimensional germanene has been recently explored for applications in sensing, catalysis, and energy storage. The potential of this material lies on its graphene-like optoelectronic and chemical properties. However, pure free-standing germanene cannot be found in nature and the synthetic methods are hindering the potentially fascinating properties of germanene. Herein, we report for the first time a single-step synthesis of few-layer germanene by electrochemical exfoliation in non-aqueous environment. As a result of simultaneous decalcification and intercalation of the electrolyte’s active ions, we achieved a low-level hydrogenation of germanene that occurs at the edges of the material. The obtained edge-hydrogenated germanene flakes have a lateral size of several micrometers which possess a cubic structure. We have pioneered the potential application of edge-hydrogenated germanene for vapor sensing and demonstrated its specific sensitivity to methanol and ethanol. We have shown a selective behavior of the germanene-based sensor that appears to increase the electrical resistance in the vapors where methanol prevails. We anticipate that these results can provide a new approach for emerging layered materials with the potential utility in advanced gas sensing.
Intermolecular Charge-Transfer-Induced Strong Optical Emission from Herringbone H-Aggregates
Authors: Sun Qi , Ren Jiajun , Jiang Tong , Peng Qian , Ou Qi , Shuai Zhigang
Published: April 2021

Superior organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) materials require two conventionally exclusive properties: strong luminescence and high charge mobilities. We propose a three-state model through localized diabatization to quantitative analyze excited state structures for various herringbone (HB) H-aggregates and demonstrate that for some investigated systems, the low-lying intermolecular charge-transfer (CT) state couples with the bright Frenkel exciton (FE) and forms a dipole-allowed S1 that lies below the dark state, proceeding strong luminescence. Specifically, such conversion in luminescence properties occurs when the electron- and hole-transfer integrals ( and ) are of the same sign and is notably larger than the excitonic coupling (J), i.e., . This theoretical finding can not only explain and rationalize recent experimental results on DPA and dNaAnt, both with OLET property, but also unravel an exciting scenario where strong luminescence and high charge mobilities are compatible, which will considerably broaden the aperture of novel OLET design.
Assessing Material Fragility using Nanoscale Incremental Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Cranford Steven
Published: April 2021

A new methodology to assess material failure subjected to stochastic loads is proposed, titled Nanoscale Incremental Dynamic Analysis (NIDA), which is adopted from performance-based assessment in structural engineering. Using full atomistic molecular dynamics, proof-of-concept simulations produce the material fragility curve of a simple carbon nanotube.
Trap Seeker and Digger: The Dual Identity of the Solvated Electron in Methanol
Authors: Lan Jinggang , Yamamoto Yo-ichi , Suzuki Toshinori , Rybkin Vladimir
Published: April 2021

The structure of the solvated electron in methanol is less studied but more complicated than the one of the hydrated electron. In this condensed-phase first principles molecular dynamics study we reveal the nature of the recently discovered shallow and deep trap states of the excess electron and suggest a more complex picture including four bound cavity states classified by the number of the hydroxy-groups coordinated to the electron, their binding energy gradually increasing with the OH-coordination. The initial shallow bound states are formed via a transient diffusion mechanism, in a trap-seeking fashion, whereas, deeper bound states are formed via a slower methanol molecules reorientation. Despite apparent similarity of the absorption spectrum of the solvated electron in methanol to that in water, the origin of the absorption maximum is drastically different. The previously assumed model of hydrogenic transitions (s-p etc.) as is the case in water does not hold for methanol. Instead, the main bands arise due to the charge-transfer states, promoting the excess electron to the nearby cavity, naturally abundant in this solvent. We propose an alternative simple model to describe electronic states of the solvated electron in methanol: the double square well.
Identification and Evaluation of Potential SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Agents Targeting mRNA Cap Guanine N7-Methyltransferase
Authors: Kasprzyk Renata , Spiewla Tomasz J. , smietanski miroslaw , Golojuch Sebastian , Vangeel Laura , Jonghe Steven De , Jochmans Dirk , Neyts Johan , Kowalska Joanna , Jemielity Jacek
Published: April 2021

SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the currently ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, encodes its own mRNA capping machinery. Insights into this capping system may provide new ideas for therapeutic interventions and drug discovery. In this work, we employ a previously developed Py-FLINT screening approach to study the inhibitory effects of compounds against the cap guanine N7-methyltransferase enzyme, which is involved in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA capping. We screened five commercially available libraries (7039 compounds in total) to identify 83 inhibitors with IC50 < 50 μM, which were further validated using RP HPLC and dot blot assays. Novel fluorescence anisotropy binding assays were developed to examine the targeted binding site. The inhibitor structures were analyzed for structure-activity relationships in order to define common structural patterns. Finally, the most potent inhibitors were tested for antiviral activity on SARS-CoV-2 in a cell based assay
Functional Group Introduction and Aromatic Unit Variation in a Set of π-Conjugated Macrocycles: Revealing the Central Role of Local and Global Aromaticity
Authors: Rimmele Martina , Nogala Wojciech , Seif-Eddine Maryam , Roessler Maxie M. , Heeney Martin , Plasser Felix , Glöcklhofer Florian
Published: April 2021

π-Conjugated macrocycles are molecules with unique properties that are increasingly exploited for applications and the question of whether they can sustain global aromatic or antiaromatic ring currents is particularly intriguing. However, there are only a small number of experimental studies that investigate how the properties of π-conjugated macrocycles evolve with systematic structural changes. Here, we present such a systematic experimental study of a set of [2.2.2.2]cyclophanetetraenes, all with formally Hückel antiaromatic ground states, and combine it with an in-depth computational analysis. The study reveals the central role of local and global aromaticity for rationalizing the observed optoelectronic properties, ranging from extremely large Stokes shifts of up to 1.6 eV to reversible fourfold reduction, a highly useful feature for charge storage/accumulation applications. A recently developed method for the visualization of chemical shielding tensors (VIST) is applied to provide unique insight into local and global ring currents occurring in different planes along the macrocycle. Conformational changes as a result of the structural variations can further explain some of the observations. The study contributes to the development of structure–property relationships and molecular design guidelines and will help to understand, rationalize, and predict the properties of other π-conjugated macrocycles.
Natural Charge-Transfer Analysis: Eliminating Spurious Charge-Transfer States in Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory via Diabatization, with Application to Projection-Based Embedding
Authors: Carter-Fenk Kevin , Mundy Christopher J. , Herbert John
Published: April 2021

For many types of vertical excitation energies, linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) offers a useful degree of accuracy combined with unrivaled computational efficiency, although charge-transfer excitation energies are often systematically and dramatically underestimated, especially for large systems and those that contain explicit solvent. As a result, low-energy electronic spectra of solution-phase chromophores often contain tens to hundreds of spurious charge-transfer states, making LR-TDDFT needlessly expensive in bulk solution. Intensity borrowing by these spurious states can affect intensities of the valence excitations, altering electronic bandshapes. At higher excitation energies, it is difficult to distinguish spurious charge-transfer states from genuine charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) excitations. In this work, we introduce an automated diabatization that enables fast and effective screening of the CTTS acceptor space in bulk solution. Our procedure introduces ``natural charge-transfer orbitals'' that provide a means to isolate orbitals that are most likely to participate in a CTTS excitation. Projection of these orbitals onto solvent-centered virtual orbitals provides a criterion for defining the most important solvent molecules in a given excitation and be used as an automated subspace selection algorithm for projection-based embedding of a high-level description of the CTTS state in a lower-level description of its environment. We apply this method to an ab initio molecular dynamics trajectory of I-(aq) and report the lowest-energy CTTS band in the absorption spectrum. Our results are in excellent agreement with experiment and only one-third of the water molecules in the I-(H2O)96 simulation cell need to be described with LR-TDDFT in order to obtain excitation energies that are converged to <0.1 eV. The tools introduced herein will improve the accuracy, efficiency, and usability of LR-TDDFT in solution-phase environments.