bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The "Cosmic" Task of the Youngest Children
Authors: Honegger Fresco Grazia
Published: September 2024

The article derived from Grazia Honegger Fresco’s years in close cooperation with Maria Montessori and Adele Costa Gnocchi. The author illustrates how small children from the moment they start using their hands and are standing unassisted on their own legs must act in their own way. The teacher must observe before acting and intervene as little as possible. Honegger Fresco follows the work of Montessori and Costa Gnocchi and she compares the findings with different fields of science, such as ethnology and neurology. As a result of her observations and experiences she points toward the relationship between a good childhood, and in the long term, human responsibility on Earth, using the concept “the Cosmic Task”.
The method in this article is based on autoethnography, as the author shares her personal experience and reflections, both as a teacher and as an educator. The aim is to shed light on aspects regarding the needs of small children and to point at the essential role of adults, educators as well as parents. As Schiedi explains, autoethnography “extends its narrative horizon to a social, professional, organizational dimension of the self ” (2016). During Honegger Fresco’s career, she was primarily inspired by Maria Montessori’s research about child development and children’s needs and rights, and she had continuously deepened her understanding by studying other researchers in this field. Thus, the article will share her conviction that by serving the creative spirit of the youngest children we will build a better future for our planet.
Welcome & Onboarding v2
Authors: Alexander Andy , Cimino Emma
Published: September 2024

Must knows for onboarding at UCSB and in the Alexander laboratory.
H_QTof_PL_v1 v1
Authors: Mass Spec Core UTD
Published: September 2024

To extract plasma lipids for LCMS analysis.
Brain Data Alchemy Project: Meta-Analysis of Preprocessed Public Transcriptional Profiling Data in the Gemma Database (v.2023) v1
Authors: Hagenauer Megan , Flandreau Elizabeth , Duan Toni , Mclain Christabel , Gyles Trevonn , Lewis Ashlee , Manh Nguyen Duy
Published: September 2024

Background: Over the past two decades, transcriptional profiling has become an increasingly common tool for investigating the effects of diseases and experimental manipulations on the nervous system. Within transcriptional profiling experiments, microarray or sequencing technologies are used to measure the relative amount of RNA transcript for each of the thousands of genes expressed in a sample. The primary objective of these experiments is to identify genes that are differentially expressed in response to conditions of interest. However, transcriptional profiling experiments have traditionally been conducted with small sample sizes due to expense (e.g., n=3-10/group), resulting in low statistical power. Due to low power, these experiments are prone to capturing large technical artifacts and false positives rather than smaller biological effects of interest. Methods: To address this issue, we developed a 10-week summer research program (The Brain Data Alchemy Project) that guides participants through the process of performing a meta-analysis of differential expression effect sizes (Log2 Fold Change or Log2FC) extracted from publicly available transcriptional profiling datasets. To conduct our meta-analyses, we leverage the efforts of the Gemma project, which has curated, preprocessed, and re-analyzed over 19,000 publicly available datasets (https://gemma.msl.ubc.ca/home.html). Participants learn the fundamental principles of systematic review and R programming to conduct the dataset search, result extraction, and whole transcriptome meta-analysis. Version Information: This protocol outlines the methods used during the second pilot year of the program in 2023. These methods differ from the 2022 methods (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.j8nlk84jxl5r/v1): The 2023 project methods import the preprocessed gene expression data and metadata from Gemma, whereas the 2022 project methods import the differential expression results.
The financial legal regulation of the securities market of the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Karpov K. A.
Published: September 2024

The article pays attention to integration processes in the postSoviet space. The author reveals the specifics of the legal regulation of the Union State of Russia and the Republic of Belarus, as well as such an economic association as the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The work reveals the powers of the bodies exercising control and supervisory powers in the stock market. The specific features of supervision in this market are also discussed. It is noted that the securities market of Belarus is underdeveloped and is focused primarily on Russia. The author believes that in modern conditions, Russian companies are becoming increasingly interested in deepening cooperation with organizations from this state.
Kinematics of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Doublet: Biased Near-Fault Data and Shallow Slip Deficit
Authors: Wang Kai , Xu Xiaohua , Hu Yan
Published: September 2024

Accurate estimate of the shallow slip deficit (SSD) for large strike-slip events is highly dependent on near-fault data. Previous studies have estimated the SSD of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet, which may vary from a few percent to about 50%. Whether this reduced shallow slip is real or artificial is crucial for understanding the seismic hazards during and following the earthquake doublet. In this study, we inverted for the kinematic slip of this earthquake doublet with refined near-fault Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar observations and compared the results with the source model without further data processing. The model that excludes nonphysical data produced only ∼6% and ∼22% SSD for the M7.8 and 7.6 events, respectively, compared to ∼44% and ∼53% SSD of the model using original data. The increased data gap generally leads to overestimated SSD, but when the data coverage is almost complete, our result shows that the SSD is very sensitive to biased near-fault data which may induce significant artificial SSD. Our results suggest that overestimated SSD may be accompanied by slip migration from shallow toward deeper depths, to meet the total moment or energy release constrained by surface displacement data. The M7.8 event increased static Coulomb stress at where the second M7.6 event nucleated and thus may have triggered the following event.
Rupture Model of the 5 April 2024 Tewksbury, New Jersey, Earthquake Based on Regional Lg-Wave Data
Authors: Han Sangwoo , Kim Won-Young , Park Jun Yong , Seo Min-Seong , Kim YoungHee
Published: September 2024

On 5 April 2024, an earthquake of magnitude 4.8 occurred in Tewksbury, New Jersey. It was the largest instrumentally recorded event since 1900 in New Jersey and southern New York. Millions of people around New York City, ∼65 km east-northeast of Tewksbury, felt the shaking from the mainshock, but the epicentral area experienced no known significant property damages. We determine the focal mechanism, which is oblique faulting, and retrieve the Lg-wave relative source time functions (RSTFs) from the stations at regional distances to understand rupture processes and ground motions. Our fault-slip models well explain azimuthal variations of the RSTFs. The models show the rupture propagating toward the east-northeast (∼50° to 60°), not along the fault strike. The slip distribution on the nodal plane striking north and dipping to the east shows a slip area of 1.1 km radius with the rupture propagating down-dip. The down-dip rupture may account for the observed lack of strong shaking in the epicentral area.
Design and testing of Hepatitis Delta Ribozymes for suppression of Chikungunya virus infection in cell cultures
Authors: Fraser Mark , Kucharski Cheryl , Loh Zoe , Hanahoe Erin , Fraser Malcolm
Published: September 2024

Chikungunya virus is an emerging pathogen with widespread distribution in regions of Africa, India, and Asia that threatens to spread into temperate climates following the introduction of its major vector, Aedes albopictus. Recent cases have been documented in Europe, the Caribbean, and the Americas. Chikungunya virus causes a disease frequently misdiagnosed as Dengue fever, with potentially life-threatening symptoms that can result in long term debilitating arthritis. There have been ongoing investigations of possible therapeutic interventions for both acute and chronic symptoms, but to date none have proven effective in reducing the severity or lasting effects of this disease. Recently, a promising vaccine candidate has received accelerated approval, indicating the importance of remedies to this emerging worldwide health threat. Nonetheless, therapeutic interventions for Chikungunya and other mosquito borne virus diseases are urgently needed yet remain elusive. The increasing risk of spread from endemic regions via human travel and commerce, coupled with the absence of a vaccine or approved therapeutic, puts a significant proportion of the world population at risk for this disease. In this report we explore the possibility of using Specific On/oFf Adapter Hepatitis Delta Virus Ribozymes as antivirals in cells infected with Chikungunya virus. The results we obtained suggest there could be some role in using these ribozyme molecules as antiviral therapies for not only Chikungunya virus, but potentially other viruses as well.
Análise do ensino médio e da educação profissional nas metas do PNE (2014-2024)
Authors: Oliveira Ramon de
Published: September 2024

Embasando-se em dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (2022) e dos censos da educação básica, avalia-se o atingimento da Meta 3 do Plano Nacional de Educação (2014-2024), que buscou universalizar a escolarização para a população de 15 a 17 anos e elevar a taxa líquida de matrículas no ensino médio para 85%. Por haver relação direta entre algumas metas, incorporaram-se à avaliação da Meta 3 os resultados referentes às metas 2, 6, 7 e 11. Concluiu-se que a não concretização da Meta 3 decorre de distorções existentes já no ensino fundamental. Fatores relacionados às condições socioeconômicas e às desigualdades relativas ao pertencimento de raça repercutem negativamente na universalização do ensino médio e na ampliação da presença de jovens de 18 a 24 anos no ensino superior.
A participação no monitoramento e avaliação do Plano de Educação de Macapá
Authors: Coelho Priscila de Jesus Braga , Guerra Margareth
Published: September 2024

O artigo analisa as dinâmicas de participação na condução do monitoramento e avaliação do Plano Municipal de Educação de Macapá (2015-2025) e verifica os relatórios de monitoramento, com ênfase na percepção dos resultados alcançados. Utilizando uma abordagem qualitativa e pesquisa documental, os dados foram trabalhados por análise de conteúdo. O texto se organiza em três seções: a primeira levanta estudos sobre a temática; a segunda analisa os relatórios de monitoramento do plano em 2017-2019, identificando padrões, sucessos e desafios; e a terceira compreende a descrição e análise das dinâmicas de envolvimento e contribuição das entidades instituídas no monitoramento e avaliação do plano. A conclusão destaca a importância dessas entidades para a eficácia das políticas educacionais locais.
Molecular mechanism of hypoxia and alpha-ketoglutaric acid on collagen expression in scleral fibroblasts
Authors:   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Sun Yun , Yang Jing ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Sha Ya-Ru ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Hou Xin-Yu ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Fu Hong ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Li Jia-Yin ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Bai Shu-Chang ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Xie Yong-Fang ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China, Wang Guo-Hui ,   School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China
Published: September 2024

AIM: To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of hypoxia and alpha-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG) on scleral collagen expression.
METHODS: Meta-analysis and clinical statistics were used to prove the changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) during myopia. The establishment of a hypoxic myopia model (HYP) for rabbit scleral fibroblasts through hypoxic culture and the effects of hypoxia and α-KG on collagen expression were demonstrated by Sirius red staining. Transcriptome analysis was used to verify the genes and pathways that hypoxia and α-KG affect collagen expression. Finally, real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used for reverse verification.
RESULTS: Meta-analysis results aligned with clinical statistics, revealing a thinning of ChT, leading to scleral hypoxia. Sirius red staining indicated lower collagen expression in the HYP group and higher collagen expression in the HYP+α-KG group, showed that hypoxia reduced collagen expression in scleral fibroblasts, while α-KG can elevated collagen expression under HYP conditions. Transcriptome analysis unveiled the related genes and signaling pathways of hypoxia and α-KG affect scleral collagen expression and the results were verified by RT-qPCR.
CONCLUSION: The potential molecular mechanisms through which hypoxia and α-KG influencing myopia is unraveled and three novel genes TLCD4, TBC1D4, and EPHX3 are identified. These findings provide a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of myopia via regulating collagen expression.
DNA hypermethylation of COL4A1 in ultraviolet-B-induced age-related cataract models in vitro and in vivo
Authors:   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China, Wang Li , Yang Yang ,   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China, He Yuan ,   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China, Sun Jing ,   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China, Li Yi-Ming ,   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China, Wang Zi-Jing ,   Department of Optometry, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China, Li Peng ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Xijing 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, China
Published: September 2024

AIM: To explore the DNA methylation of COL4A1 in ultraviolet-B (UVB)-induced age-related cataract (ARC) models in vitro and in vivo.
METHODS: Human lens epithelium B3 (HLEB3) cells and Sprague Dawley rats were exposure to UVB respectively. The MTT assay was utilized to evaluate cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was employed for analysis of cell apoptosis and cell cycle. COL4A1 expression in HLEB3 cells and anterior lens capsules were assessed using Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The localization of COL4A1 in HLEB3 cells was determined by immunofluorescence. The methylation status of CpG islands located in COL4A1 promoter was verified using bisulfite-sequencing PCR (BSP). DNMTs and TETs mRNA levels was examined by RT-PCR.
RESULTS: UVB exposure decreased HLEB3 cells proliferation, while increased the apoptosis rate and cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase. COL4A1 expression was markedly inhibited in UVB treated cells compared to the controls. Hypermethylation status was detected in the CpG islands within COL4A1 promoter in HLEB3 cells subjected to UVB exposure. Expressions of DNMTs including DNMT1/2/3 were elevated in UVB treated HLEB3 cells compared to that in the controls, while expressions of TETs including TET1/2/3 showed the opposite trend. Results from the UVB treated rat model further confirmed the decreased expression of COL4A1, hypermethylation status of the CpG islands at promoter of COL4A1 and abnormal expression of DNMT1/2/3 and TET1/2/ in UVB exposure group.
CONCLUSION: DNA hypermethylation of COL4A1 promoter CpG islands is correlated with decreased COL4A1 expression in UVB induced HLEB3 cells and anterior lens capsules of rats.
Inhibition of viability of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells by vialinin A under high glucose condition
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China, Chen Zhi-Gang , Liu Wei-Ming ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China, Lu Pei-Rong ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Clinical Immunology Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
Published: September 2024

AIM: To investigate the effects of vialinin A on viability of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) under high glucose condition and its potential mechanism.
METHODS: The HRECs were divided into four groups: normal glucose control group (NG, 5 mmol/L D-glucose), high glucose group (HG, 30 mmol/L D-glucose), HG+1 μmol/L vialinin A group, and HG+5 μmol/L vialinin A group. The cell viabilities were measured with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay for proliferation, with scratch assay for migration, and tube formation, for evaluation of the impact of vialinin A on cellular behaviour. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
RESULTS: The proliferative capacity and migration of HRECs was reduced by 5 μmol/L vialinin A in high glucose environment (both P<0.05). Vialinin A also inhibited high-glucose-induced tube formation of HRECs. The expression level of VEGF and PI3K in HRECs was also significantly decreased by vialinin A (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Vialinin A inhibits the cell viability of HRECs. It may serve as a potential target for anti-angiogenic therapy.
Late corneal ectasia after penetrating and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty for keratoconus
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Izmir 35110, Türkiye, Yüksel Bora , Küsbeci Tuncay ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Izmir 35110, Türkiye, Gümüş Fatih ,   Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Izmir Bozyaka Education and Research Hospital, Izmir 35110, Türkiye
Published: September 2024

AIM: To investigate tomographic features of late corneal ectasia after keratoplasty for keratoconus and compare penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in terms of incidence, time of onset and risk factors of corneal ectasia.
METHODS: Sixty eyes with PK and 30 eyes with DALK operated between 1999 and 2021 were analyzed. Final Pentacam scans were evaluated together with vision and previous topographies. Main outcome measures were vision, K values, apparent thinning on graft-host cornea and the difference between opposing quadrants in the thinnest point measurements. Anterior segment optic coherence tomography was performed for further evaluation.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 127.2mo (24–282mo) in PK, and 64.3mo (24–144mo) in DALK. K max was higher in DALK (60.6 vs 56.7 D, P=0.012). Inferior recipient was thinner (595.9 µm) in PK than DALK (662.2 µm, P=0.021), due to longer follow-up. Overall corneal ectasia rate was 20.0% within 24y. Ectasia rate was the same (6.7%) in DALK 2/30 and in PK 4/60 in 10y and 13.3% in 12y (4/30 and 8/60, respectively). It increased to 23.3% (14/60) in PK over 24y. While ectasia was not seen before 7y in PK, it could be seen in DALK starting from the 5th year. The intervals between keratoplasty and ectasia were 144.5mo in PK and 99mo in DALK. Inferior recipient was significantly thinner in 18 eyes with ectasia (502.7 µm) compared to 76 non-ectasia (649.1 µm, P=0.000). Inferior graft was thinner (561.0 vs 620.4 µm, P=0.006), K max (63.3 vs 56.5 D, P=0.000), and anterior elevation was higher in ectasia (89.1 vs 48.6 µm, P=0.002). Accelerated crosslinking was performed on 5 eyes.
CONCLUSION: Inferior-superior recipient and inferior graft thinning on tomography, with high K max and anterior elevation emerge as the most reliable criteria for the diagnosis of late ectasia. The incidence of corneal ectasia increases with the time.
Effect of Traverse Speed on Surface Roughness Parameters after Laser Cutting of Non-alloy Structural Steel
Authors: Hatala Michal , Duplák Ján , Dupláková Darina , Botko František
Published: September 2024

Cutting of material forms an integral part of the production process. Many technologies are used to cutting materials, each of which is optimally used. Each of the used technologies has advantages and disadvantages that prevent universal use. Presented paper is focused on assessment of the effect of traverse speed on surface roughness after laser cutting of non-alloy structural steel. The introductory part of the article describes the basic terminological aspects related to the solved problems. Specifically, this section is focused on the issue of laser beam cutting technology, specifying its advantages and disadvantages with regard to the assessment of surface roughness parameters. The second part describes the material and methods that were applied during the experiment. Then the experiment is described, and the Results and Discussion section evaluates the results obtained from the experiment.
Risk Management Technologies within the System of State Financial Control
Authors: Gennadievich Lukin Andrey
Published: September 2024

The paper analyses international risk management models and identifies possibilities of their application within Russian state financial control. The legislative acts regulating the organisation and implementation of state financial control will need to be changed. Based upon the studies and analysis, a conclusion was drawn as to the application of risk management technology in the system of state financial control. The results can be used for improving risk management technologies within the state financial control in the conditions of digitization of economy.
A Unified Methodology of Strategic Management and a Knowledge Management Model
Authors: Dmitriyevich Vorobyov Anatoly , Vyacheslavovich Pozdeev Pavel , Viktorovna Kruglova Nelly , Sergeevna Nogovitsyna Olga , Viktorovna Tokareva Polina
Published: September 2024

Numerous approaches to strategic decisions do not ensure their effective application and theoretical development. The paper reveals specific features of knowledge management strategic methodology in the field of corresponding economy, and establishes universal, accessible model of strategic management, connecting “past, present, and future” in strategic methodology. The proposed methodology could be demanded in world practice. The eesearch is based on integrated and systematic approaches, comparison method, informal logic, association method, and Ansoff’s idea of strategic analysis process. The model is applicable in any strategic sphere, level, strategy type, enterprise (organization). The methodology could assist overcoming pluralism in strategic management methodology.
Reading Motivation and Reading Interests of Pupils in the Final Educational Period
Authors: Tušek Ana
Published: September 2024

When it comes to providing motivation for reading, it is important not only to select suitable texts, but also to examine them appropriately at the various levels of school reading: as part of regular literature lessons, required reading, the reading badge or other forms of reading activities. This study focuses on library use and reading of literature in the context of required reading and reading badges among pupils in the final educational period at a selected primary school. The results of the survey will help teachers of the Slovenian language to plan the reading syllabus and motivational reading activities in order to increase interest in literature, and to promote the development of a reading culture.
“The Experiences are Beyond our Expectations”: Changing the Culture of Artificial Intelligence and Social and Emotional Learning in Educational Institutions − A Qualitative Evaluation Among Representatives of the SETCOM Project Partners
Authors: Kozmus Andreja , Krašna Marjan , Zurc Joca
Published: September 2024

In the evolving field of education, the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and social and emotional learning (SEL) is increasingly relevant. This article presents a qualitative evaluation among twelve representatives from eight SETCOM project partners to learn about their views, experiences and expectations regarding the project’s content and organization. The findings indicate that despite initial apprehensions about AI, there was enthusiasm for its potential intersection with SEL. Participants appreciated collaborative opportunities and sought practical applications for project insights, aiming to enhance existing programs and stimulate new ideas. Challenges included managing tasks amidst AI’s rapid evolution and the initial separation of the AI and SEL domains. The lack of AI regulations was a concern. Participants advocated for a proactive approach by educators in assessing AI applications, emphasizing ethical considerations in their use.
Ilustracje w polskich książkach dla dzieci poświęconych niepełnosprawności – analiza wybranych przykładów z lat 2018–2022
Authors: Diassakoula Mariya , Walczak-Niewiadomska Agata
Published: September 2024

Niepełnosprawność to trudny temat, tak jak śmierć, choroba czy wojna. Według Narodowego Spisu Powszechnego Ludności i Mieszkań z 2021 r. osoby niepełnosprawne stanowią ponad 14% polskiego społeczeństwa. Niestety książki dla dzieci o niepełnosprawności nadal odgrywają marginalną rolę na polskim rynku wydawniczym.
Autorka koncentruje się na analizie dostępności i popularności książek dla dzieci o niepełnosprawności na polskim rynku wydawniczym, posługując się w tym celu metodą bibliograficzną i analizą treści, a także na roli i znaczeniu ilustracji na wybranych przykładach z lat 2018–2022.
Badanie podkreśla znaczenie ilustracji jako narzędzia komunikacji oraz potrzebę lepszej reprezentacji tematyki niepełnosprawności w literaturze dziecięcej. Wnioski dostarczają ważnych informacji autorom, wydawcom, pedagogom i rodzicom, a także stanowią punkt wyjścia do dalszych badań nad wpływem ilustracji na percepcję czytelników i kontynuację tematyki w omawianym obszarze literatury.
The posterior hypothalamic area as an independent generator of rhythmic theta oscillatory activity
Authors: Pszczółkowska Klaudia , Kowalczyk Tomasz
Published: September 2024

Theta rhythm is one of the most prominent examples of rhythmic oscillatory activity in mammalian brain and it is generated mainly in structures of the limbic cortex, including the hippocampal formation. In the 1970s it was shown that theta rhythm may be also recorded in diencephalic region including the posterior hypothalamic nuclei and supramammillary nucleus, together considered as the posterior hypothalamic area (PHa). For decades it was stated that local posterior hypothalamic oscillatory activity is controlled by the descending inputs going to the PHa from the septohippocampal system. However, the latest studies indicated that theta rhythm can be recorded in deafferented PHa in vitro preparations which indicates that the posterior hypothalamic area should be considered as an independent of the other brain structures theta generator. In subsequent research the neurochemical and cellular basis of PHa theta were examined in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. In the light of multiple evidence obtained in these studies, it is the author’s intent to summarize the data concerning the role of the posterior hypothalamic area in hippocampal theta rhythm generation as well as the ability of that brain structure to independently generate theta rhythmicity.
Figuring Displacement: Spaces of Imagination in Early Modern and Postmodern Intertextual Transmissions
Authors: Matei Adela
Published: September 2024

This essay examines, ecocritically, geocritically, and comparatively, the metaphoric spaces represented in Shakespeare’s The Tempest and in Julian Barnes’ A History of the World in 10½ Chapters—seas, mountains, islands, jungle—to show that these spaces allow for different interpretations, yet they are spaces of individual imagination in both the play and the novel, suggesting transformation and metamorphosis. I argue that these literary spaces show a common feature of displacement, which allows human language to re-imagine other worlds—in literature and in visual arts. The spaces of imagination proliferated through Shakespeare’s The Tempest and Barnes’ novel have suffered a transformation in time and space, as they speak to past and present audiences and readers. The sea in Barnes’ chapter entitled “Shipwreck” symbolizes danger but also hope, as does the sea in the storm scene in Shakespeare’s The Tempest. The Mountain in Barnes’ eponymous chapter represents an isolated and inaccessible landscape on Mount Ararat, at the intersection of three cultures (Armenia, Turkey and Russia), but it also represents the biblical language of faith and hermitic isolation. Similarly, the island in The Tempest, which is—geologically—a mountain above the water, represents metaphorically the island of the mind. The jungle in Barnes’ chapter “Upstream” is a remote place in the forest on the Orinoco River, where Europeans and native Indians interact while making a movie; this movie is a work of visual art, represented in a novel; so is any one of the many productions of The Tempest, which reiterates the island’s imaginary space in various directorial interpretations. All these locations are metaphoric spaces of imagination, transmitted through different media, in which reality is transformed into literary representation by means of fictional description or theatrical action.
Aberrant Shakespeare: Ron Athey’s Excesses, Bataille’s Solar Anus, Becomings-Macbeth
Authors: Kolodezh Sam , Reynolds Bryan
Published: September 2024

l In this article we argue that Ron Athey’s performance Solar Anus is an aberrant adaptation of Shakespeare’s Macbeth in which the parodic world of abundant excess that the witches catalyze is redemptively captured and transformed through the playful, androgynous, and excessive performance of Athey, who fulfills the witches’ prophecy and continues to live on sovereignly as both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. Athey is a Los Angeles-based performance artist who practices what is sometimes called “extreme performance,” exploring the limits of aesthetics and the capabilities of the human body to express both beauty and pain. His work Solar Anus draws on the works of Georges Bataille, especially his short essay-poem, Solar Anus, as well as Paul Molinier, a queer French painter and visual artist who worked on the fringes of the surrealist movement. We work through the combined sociopolitical theory, performance aesthetics, and research methodology of transversal poetics and engage especially with the theories and explorations of aesthetics and sovereignty by Georges Bataille and Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in order to explore the ways in which Athey is capable of realizing the witches’ prophecy of sovereignty without being destroyed by the parodic world that they create and inhabit. Alongside the concepts of sovereignty, we examine how Bataille’s ideas of parody, sacrifice, and excess offer new ways of understanding the world of Macbeth and how excess and sovereignty both function within its porous borders.
Reclaiming Cross-Dressing: Masculinity Construction in the All-Female Yue Opera’s Shakespearean Adaptations
Authors: Wu Yueqi
Published: September 2024

Because it offers the stage such scope for polyerotic interpretation, crossdressing has held an irresistible appeal to theatre practitioners across times and cultures, including Shakespeare in early modern England. The Shakespearean cross-dressing theatre, however, has long excited critical disapprobation as a cultural form which excluded women. However, can cross-dressing as a theatrical device be reclaimed by women as an alternative mode of Shakespearean performance? What academic and practical significance can a reversed, all-female casting of Shakespearean production offer? This paper will argue that the Chinese Yue opera’s Shakespeare adaptations may shed light on how gender impersonation can be used to express women’s wishes and desires.
As the second largest Chinese opera genre, Yue opera is a theatreform in which all roles are played by actresses for a predominantly female audience. Interestingly, Shakespeare is also Yue opera’s most adapted foreign playwright. General Ma Long (2001, an adaptation of Macbeth) and Coriolanus and Duliniang (2016, an adaptation of Coriolanus) are two representative specimens of Yue opera Shakespearean adaptations with all-female casting. The male protagonists of both are played by cross-dressed actresses.
How do Yue opera female performers, whose style is generally perceived as soft and feminine, stage the Shakespearean war heroes famous for their bloodthirsty masculinity? Deploying a theoretical framework based on Judith Butler’s gender performativity theory and Bertolt Brecht’s account of the epic theatre, this essay aims to examine the masculinity construction in the all-female Yue opera Shakespearean adaptations, in order to open a discussion of how cross-dressing can be used to deconstruct and reassemble gender norms.
Chemical Solutions for Seed Dormancy: A Comprehensive Review on Strategy to Combat Pre-harvest Sprouting in Mung Bean
Authors: Gupta Jai Prakash , Pandey Binod Kumar , Modi Suchi , Kumar Rajneesh , Rathore Mukesh
Published: September 2024

The mung bean, or Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek, is a significant grain legume with enormous global economic value. Kharif is the most significant of the three seasons and during this time pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a major issue that results in significant production losses. Due to PHS, yield losses in green gram have been estimated to be between 60 and 70 per cent. Chemical treatments that induce seed dormancy may prevent premature germination and enable a timely harvest. This study covers the effectiveness of inducing dormancy in mung bean plants with various chemicals at critical developmental stages before harvest. Treatment with various chemicals like maleic hydrazide, sodium azide and plant growth regulators (abscisic acid, ethylene, gibberellins) following chemical administration at pre-arranged intervals, physiological parameters such as seed moisture content, germination rates and antioxidant enzyme activities can be considered to prevent PHS. Mitigating pre-harvest sprouting losses and increasing mung bean output can be achieved by optimising dormancy induction by prudent chemical use. To increase mung bean output, PHS-tolerant cultivars must be developed due to the significant losses incurred by PHS. This review discusses various aspects, including how different traits affect pre-harvest sprouting.
Artificial Insemination: A New Horizon for Scientific Goat Breeding in Kashmir’s Backyard Farming Sector
Authors: Ahanger Showkat A. , Wani Umar Y. , Rather Mubashir Ali , Khan Shabir A. , Magray Suhail Nabi
Published: September 2024

Background: Artificial insemination a well-established technique in cattle and buffalo farming, now increasingly adopted in goat farming involves collecting semen from male animals and transferring it to female animals, to disseminate valuable genetic material to bring genetic upgradation, increases milk production, and enhances breeding efficiency of flocks. Methods: Artificial insemination (AI) was performed on 266 goats using fresh and frozen semen from 2021 to 2024 on experimental basis. The data obtained were analyzed on percentage basis. Result: The overall kidding percentage of 30.08% was observed in the present study. Notably, fresh semen yielded a higher kidding percentage (32.69%) compared to frozen semen (29.44%). This study demonstrates the potential of AI in enhancing the genetic quality of backyard goat farming in Kashmir, where quality bucks are often sold at a young age for meat production. By leveraging AI, farmers can improve the genetic makeup of their goat flocks, leading to better productivity and sustainability.
Hydatid Cyst in Buffalo of Mandla District of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Tekam Shashi , Karmore S.K. , Jadav Kajal Kumar , Jain Payal , Gupta Nidhi , Bharhaiya Rakesh Ku. , Lade Diksha , Singh Nripendra
Published: September 2024

Hydatidosis is the most prevalent parasitic illness of zoonotic importance affecting both humen and animals. This condition is triggered by the larval metacestode of the dog tapeworm, which primarily affects the health and lifestyles of subsistence farming communities in underdeveloped countries. Compared with other visceral organs, hydatid cysts are most likely to develop in the liver and lungs. Depending on its developmental stage, it can play a mechanical or toxic role in the hepatobiliary system. Owing to decreased output and the condemnation of visceral organs and carcasses, large-sized hydatid cysts cause significant economic loss. Hydatidosis is the most prevalent zoonotic parasite illness in both humen and animals. In the Mandla area of Madhya Pradesh, hydatid cysts have been found in buffalo carcasses that are 8-10 years old. One male and five female buffaloes that had previously died suddenly had postmortem lesions that revealed multiple hydatid cysts in the liver and abdominal cavities. Cysts that contained clear, watery, or serous fluid were varying in size. Some viscous fluid or caseous substances were present in hard cysts. The lungs and the liver were swollen and clogged. This explains the current state of the disease in the region and, consequently, the necessity for increasing focus on disease control and prevention.
Ontogeny and Growth of Early Life Stages of Barred Spiny Eel Macrognathus pancalus (Hamilton, 1822)
Authors: Das Arabinda , Adhikari S. , Chadha N.K. , Munilkumar S. , Sawant P.B. , Hussan Ajmal , Paul B.N.
Published: September 2024

Background: The objective of the study was to examine the growth and development of M. pancalus larvae in captive conditions, including pigmentation patterns, yolk and oil globule utilization, growth rates and metamorphosis, as well as to identify suitable live food for larviculture. Methods: The larvae, produced through induced breeding, were kept unfed until the yolk-sac absorption and then fed with freshwater rotifer, mixed zooplankton and Tubifex worms at different stages of development. The larvae were reared in indoor glass tanks and outdoor reinforced plastic tanks to document their morphological and chronological development. Result: The findings showed that the larvae exhibited typical characteristics of eel. Notably, dentition was observed before yolk resorption, indicating the highly predatory nature of the larvae. The bands of melanophores, which were prominent at the beginning, disappeared between 5-7 days post-hatch. Additionally, the study identified distinct features of spiny eels, such as a trunk-like rostral projection at 14 days post-hatch and erectile dorsal spines at 21 days post-hatch. The growth pattern, morphological changes and adaptation to benthic burrowing habits indicated that the larvae metamorphosed into the fry stage between 28-45 days post-hatch. These results provide valuable insights into the ontogenetic development and rearing of M. pancalus and can be used to support future aquaculture and conservation programs.
Therapeutic Potential of the Algerian Ground Nut (Bunium bulbocastanum) Dietary Supplement in the Treatment of Thyroid-induced Dysfunction and Associated Growth Performance and Meat Quality in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Bouhalla A.W. , Benabdelmoumene D. , Dahmouni S. , Bengharbi Z. , Chera A.M. , Bekada A.
Published: September 2024

Background: Both traditional usage and initial scientific findings suggest that Bunium bulbocastanum, commonly known as Talghouda tuber nut, may offer health benefits, particularly for thyroid dysfunction. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of dietary supplementation in managing pharmacologically thyroid-induced dysfunction and its effects on growth performance and meat quality in rabbits. Methods: Thirty 45-day-old male Lionhead rabbits were divided into three groups, each with two subgroups. The Control groups received either a standard diet (C) or a diet supplemented with 35% dried Talghouda (Csup). The Hypothyroid group included rabbits induced with hypothyroidism using carbimazole at a dose of 5 mg/kg BW/day (HytCar) and those subsequently treated with dried Talghouda (HytTal). Similarly, hyperthyroid group comprised rabbits induced with hyperthyroidism using levothyroxine (HyrLevo) and those treated with dried Talghouda (HyrTal). Thyroid function was assessed by measuring serum levels of T3, T4 and TSH. Additionally, growth performance and meat quality parameters were evaluated. Result: Talghouda supplementation significantly influenced thyroid hormone levels in rabbits, elevating T3 and T4 in the hyperthyroid groups (HyrLevo and HyrTal) compared to controls, while suppressing TSH in hyperthyroid groups and elevating it in hypothyroid groups. Talghouda treatment improved growth performance, evidenced by increased weight gain and higher eviscerated carcass weights in the hyperthyroid-treated groups. Meat quality also improved, with favourable pH, dry matter percentage and mineral content observed in the Talghouda-treated hypothyroid group. These findings suggest that Bunium bulbocastanum is a viable natural intervention for managing thyroid dysfunction while maintaining or enhancing growth and meat quality in rabbits, offering promising pharmacological and economic benefits.
Efficacy of Botanicals and Insecticides against Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera; Aleyrodidae) in Mungbean
Authors: Rajak Ravi Kumar , Kumar Pankaj , Devi Ragni , Chandra Umesh , Singh Sameer Kumar , Chaudhary V.P.
Published: September 2024

Background: Mungbean is the major pulse crop of India. Pulse constitute the major source of dietary protein; therefore, it has ability to fulfil required protein recommended dietary allowance for vegetarian population of India. Pulse crop attack more than 200 insect pests. Methods: Efficacy test of Botanicals and Insecticides viz., Kaner powder, Garlic extract, Azadirectin 1500 ppm, Dasparni Ark, flonicamid, thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid and Dimethoate against B. tabaci was conducted in mungbean during Kharif 2022-2023 at Students’ Instructional Farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (UP), India under field conditions with nine treatements including control in three replication. Result: The results demonstrated that Thiamethoxam 25 WG (50 g a.i./ha) was the most effective insecticide among all treatments, with a significant population reduction above control, followed by Imidacloprid 70 WG (5ml/l). Among the botanicals, Azadirectin 1500 ppm (5 ml/l) was the most effective against whitefly infestation in mungbean and could be applied as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional pesticides for whitefly management.
Veterinary Evidence: moving forward
Authors: Cockcroft Peter
Published: September 2024

Unrecognised and unknown information needs can significantly impact on the quality of decision making, advice, and patient care. In the practice of veterinary medicine, additional information may be required in one or more of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, control (risk reduction), and prevention (risk avoidance), in order to optimise patient care.
Veterinary Evidence publishes Knowledge Summaries, which aim to answer a specific and focused clinical query by appraising the best available evidence published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. By presenting the evidence in a structured and easily digestible format, Knowledge Summaries enable veterinary professionals to stay informed and apply the best available evidence to their decision-making.
To assist in the identification of unrecognised deficits and the generation of clinical queries Veterinary Evidence has developed a list of common conditions for each species, alongside the different categories of information. The aim is to prompt and support the generation of new clinical queries in a more systematic format. This resource sits alongside our species-based lists of clinical queries that have already been suggested by practicing veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and other paraprofessionals (see veterinaryevidence.org/index.php/ve/clinical-queries). We hope readers and prospective authors will use these resources to generate new clinical queries or as a starting point for writing their own Knowledge Summaries.
Most of the papers published in Veterinary Evidence are Knowledge Summaries, but the journal has always accepted and will continue to accept and encourage other types of reviews and original research that provide evidence to inform clinical practice. For example, in this issue we have published a commentary paper by Professor Jonathan Elliott regarding the processes and evidence required for the registration of veterinary medicinal products which provides some important insights and debate into the publication of evidential information (Elliott, 2024).
A Knowledge Summary may not always be the best format to synthesise and summarise evidence on a multifaceted topic; scoping reviews, systematic reviews, or narrative reviews maybe more appropriate. Munn et al. (2018) provide a useful account of scoping reviews and how they differ from traditional literature and systematic reviews. In particular, we are keen to receive articles on artificial intelligence applications, sustainability, and quality improvement in clinical practice, as the impact and importance of these topics grows.
We are also making some changes to the presentation of Knowledge Summaries in Veterinary Evidence, to help readers more easily understand the details and context of the summarised evidence. In order to support everyone in appraising and understanding quantitative clinical studies, we will be publishing a glossary and guidance on basic statistical terms and tests on the journal website.