bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanohorns as Reaction Nanochambers – a Systematic Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Furmaniak Sylwester , Gauden Piotr A. , Patrykiejew Andrzej , Miśkiewicz Radosław , Kowalczyk Piotr
Published: October 2018

Carbon nanohorns (CNHs, one of the newest carbon allotropes) have been subjected to intensive experimental and theoretical studies due to their potential applications. One of such applications can be their use as reaction nanochambers. However, experimental studies on the reaction equilibria under confinement are extremely challenging since accurate measurements of the concentrations of reacting species in pores are a very hard task. So, the main ways to examine such phenomena are theoretical methods (e.g. the reactive Monte Carlo, RxMC). We have presented the first systematic RxMC study on the influence of the CNH’s geometric parameters (the apex angle, the diameter, and the length) on reaction equilibria, taking the nitrogen monoxide dimerisation as an example. All the investigated parameters significantly affect the reaction yield at low and moderate coverages. Short and narrow CNHs have been found to be preferred. However, the key factor influencing the reaction equilibria is the presence of a conical part. Energetics of interactions between the reacting molecules in this fragment of a nanohorn maximises the effects of confinement. In consequence, CNHs have the advantage over their nanotube counterparts of the same diameter. The obtained results have confirmed that CNHs can be considered as potential reaction nanochambers.
Early Clinical and Radiological Experience with a Ceramic Bone Graft Substitute in the Treatment of Benign and Borderline Bone Lesions
Authors: Horstmann Peter Frederik , Hettwer Werner Herbert , Kaltoft Nicolai Stefan , Petersen Michael Mørk
Published: October 2018

Substitutes for bone grafts experience increasing popularity, but the need for defect-filling following simple curettage of benign bone lesions is controversial. In this study, we wish to objectively report the radiological changes following bone defect-filling using a composite ceramic bone graft substitute, as well as the clinical results and complications. We evaluated 35 surgically treated benign bone lesions with subsequent defect-filling using two variants of a composite ceramic bone graft substitute (CERAMENT|BONE VOID FILLER or CERAMENT|G, BONESUPPORT AB, SWEDEN). After one year, a normal cortical thickness surrounding the defect was seen in approximately 80% of patients. Inside the defect-cavity, an almost complete product-resorption was seen after one year. The most common complication was a post-operative inflammatory soft-tissue reaction, seen in 7 patients (20%), which resolved without further treatment, although short-term antibiotic treatment was initiated at a local hospital in 6 patients, due to suspected wound infection. In summary, cortical thickness most commonly normalizes after bone tumor removal and filling of the bone defect using this particular composite ceramic bone graft substitute. The ceramic substitute undergoes resorption, which causes progressive changes in the radiological appearance inside the bone defect.
A Microfluidic Device for Simultaneous Extraction of Plasma, Red Blood Cells, and On-Chip White Blood Cell Trapping
Authors: Kuan Da-Han , Wu Chia-Chien , Su Wei-Yu , Huang Nien-Tsu
Published: October 2018

This study reports a microfluidic device for whole blood processing. The device uses the bifurcation law, cross-flow method, and hydrodynamic flow for simultaneous extraction of plasma, red blood cells, and on-chip white blood cell trapping. The results demonstrate successful plasma and red blood cell collection with a minimum dilution factor (0.76x) and low haemolysis effect. The extracted red blood cells can also be applied for blood type tests. Moreover, the device can trap up to ~1,800 white blood cells in 20 minutes. The three components can be collected simultaneously using only 6 μL of whole blood without any sample preparation processes. Based on these features, the microfluidic device enables low-cost, rapid, and efficient whole blood processing functionality that could potentially be applied for blood analysis in resource-limited environments or point-of-care settings.
Glaulactams A–C, daphniphyllum alkaloids from Daphniphyllum glaucescens
Authors: Chao Chih-Hua , Cheng Ju-Chien , Gonçalves Théo P. , Huang Kuo-Wei , Lin Chi-Chien , Huang Hui-Chi , Hwang Syh-Yuan , Wu Yang-Chang
Published: October 2018

Glaulactams A–C (1–3), which possess a novel skeleton, as well as the known compound daphmanidin B (4), were isolated from the leaves of Daphniphyllum glaucescens and separated using ion-exchange chromatography aided by NMR fingerprinting. Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and time-dependent density-functional-theory-calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra; the data were subsequently analyzed to gain insight into the respective biogenetic relationships between the isolates, which exhibited anti-H1N1 and immunosuppressive activities.
Tracking EBV-encoded RNAs (EBERs) from the nucleus to the excreted exosomes of B-lymphocytes
Authors: Ahmed Waqar , Tariq Saeed , Khan Gulfaraz
Published: October 2018

Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBER1 and EBER2) are two highly abundant, non-protein coding RNAs consistently expressed in all EBV infected cells, but their function remains poorly understood. Conventional in situ hybridization studies have indicated that these RNAs are present exclusively in the nucleus. We have recently demonstrated that EBERs can be excreted from infected cells via exosomes. However, the details of the steps involved in their excretion remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to directly track the journey of EBERs from the nucleus to the excretory exosomes of EBV immortalized B-lymphocytes. Using a combination of molecular and novel immuno-gold labelled electron microscopy (EM) based techniques, we demonstrate the presence of EBERs, not only in the nucleus, but also in the cytoplasm of EBV infected B cell lines. EBERs were also seen in exosomes shed from infected cells along with the EBER binding protein La. Our results show, for the first time, that at least a proportion of EBERs are transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where they appear to be loaded into multi-vesicular bodies for eventual excretion via exosomes.
Novel Physical Vapor Deposition Approach to Hybrid Perovskites: Growth of MAPbI3 Thin Films by RF-Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Bonomi Sara , Marongiu Daniela , Sestu Nicola , Saba Michele , Patrini Maddalena , Bongiovanni Giovanni , Malavasi Lorenzo
Published: October 2018

Solution-based methods represent the most widespread approach used to deposit hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite films for low-cost but efficient solar cells. However, solution-process techniques offer limited control over film morphology and crystallinity, and most importantly do not allow sequential film deposition to produce perovskite-perovskite heterostructures. Here the successful deposition of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) thin films by RF-magnetron sputtering is reported, an industry-tested method to grow large area devices with precisely controlled stoichiometry. MAPI films are grown starting from a single-target made of CH3NH3I (MAI) and PbI2. Films are single-phase, with a barely detectable content of unreacted PbI2, full surface coverage and thickness ranging from less than 200 nm to more than 3 μm. Light absorption and emission properties of the deposited films are comparable to as-grown solution-processed MAPI films. The development of vapor-phase deposition methods is of interest to advance perovskite photovoltaic devices with the possibility of fabricating perovskite multijunction solar cells or multicolor bright light-emitting devices in the whole visible spectrum.
Supplemental Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 manipulates intestinal structure and microbial composition in broiler chickens
Authors: Ma Youbiao , Wang Weiwei , Zhang Haijun , Wang Jing , Zhang Wenming , Gao Jun , Wu Shugeng , Qi Guanghai
Published: October 2018

Knowledge about the modulation of gut microbiota improves our understanding of the underlying mechanism by which probiotic treatment benefits the chickens. This study examined the effects of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on intestinal structure and microbial composition in broilers. Broiler chicks were fed basal diets without or with B. subtilis supplementation (1.0 × 109 spores/kg of diet). Supplemental B. subtilis increased average body weight and average daily gain, as well as elevated villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio of ileum in broilers. Multi-dimension analysis showed a certain degree of separation between the cecal microbiota from treatment and control groups. Increased Firmicutes abundance and reduced Bacteroidetes abundance in cecum were observed responded to B. subtilis addition, which also increased the abundances of Christensenellaceae and Caulobacteraceae, and simultaneously decreased the abundances of potentially harmful bacteria such as Vampirovibrio, Escherichia/Shigella and Parabacteroides. Network analysis signified that B. subtilis addition improved the interaction pattern within cecal microbiota of broilers, however, it exerted little influence on the metabolic pathways of cecal microbiota by comparison of the functional prediction of metagenomes. In conclusion, supplemental B. subtilis DSM 32315 improved growth performance and intestinal structure of broilers, which could be at least partially responsible by the manipulation of cecal microbial composition.
Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and hyperinfection syndrome among renal allograft recipients in Central Europe
Authors: Winnicki Wolfgang , Eder Michael , Mazal Peter , Mayer Florian J. , Sengölge Gürkan , Wagner Ludwig
Published: October 2018

Strongyloides stercoralis is not hyperendemic in European countries but has been increasing in prevalence due to migration and travel. The infection is characterized by a mostly asymptomatic course or nonspecific symptoms in healthy subjects. However, immunosuppression or chemotherapy have been described as leading triggers for Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome and may have a fatal course. A post hoc analysis was performed among renal transplant patients during a 5-year period. Plasma samples of two hundred kidney allograft recipients were retrospectively analyzed for Strongyloides stercoralis seropositivity by established ELISA testing. Positive Strongyloides stercoralis serology was found in 3% of allograft recipients. One patient developed a life-threatening hyperinfection syndrome. His Strongyloides IgG signal had been elevated for years before the outbreak of the disease. Stronglyoides infections in transplant recipients are an important issue that physicians also in Central Europe should be aware of, given the risk of hyperinfection syndrome and the challenges in clinical diagnosis. Our study suggests that recipient and donor screening should be recommended in kidney transplantation programs in Central Europe as Strongyloides infection rates increase and its prevalence may be underestimated. Further research is needed to understand why some Strongyloides stercoralis seropositive individuals develop hyperinfection syndrome and others do not.
Neonatal 6-OHDA lesion model in mouse induces Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-like behaviour
Authors: Bouchatta Otmane , Manouze Houria , Bouali-benazzouz Rabia , Kerekes Nóra , Ba-M’hamed Saadia , Fossat Pascal , Landry Marc , Bennis Mohamed
Published: October 2018

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired attention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. The “neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine” (6-OHDA) lesion is a commonly used model of ADHD in rat. However, a comprehensive assessment of ADHD‐like symptoms is still missing, and data in mouse remain largely unavailable. Our aim was to analyse symptoms of ADHD in the mouse neonatal 6‐OHDA model. 6‐OHDA mice exhibited the major ADHD‐like symptoms, i.e. hyperactivity (open field), attention deficit and impulsivity (five‐choice serial reaction time task). Further, the model revealed discrete co‐existing symptoms, i.e. anxiety‐like (elevated plus maze test) and antisocial (social interaction) behaviours and decreased cognitive functioning (novel object recognition). The efficacy of methylphenidate, a classical psychostimulant used in the treatment of ADHD, was also evaluated. A histological analysis further supports the model validity by indicating dopamine depletion, changes in cortical thickness and abnormalities in anterior cingulate cortex neurons. A principal component analysis of the behaviour profile confirms that the 6‐OHDA mouse model displayed good face and predictive validity. We conclude that neonatal dopamine depletion results in behavioural and morphological changes similar to those seen in patients and therefore could be used as a model for studying ADHD pathophysiological mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets.
An in-situ small angle x ray scattering analysis of nanopore formation during thermally induced chemical dealloying of brass thin foils
Authors: Lin Bao , Döbeli Max , Mudie Stephen , Hawley Adrian , Hodgson Peter , Kong Lingxue , Spolenak Ralph , Dumée Ludovic F.
Published: October 2018

The development of non-noble nano-porous metal materials is hindered by surface oxidation reactions and from the difficulty to generate long range order pore arrays. Dealloying is a promising route to generate such materials by selective chemical etching of metal alloy materials. This process can generate nano-metal materials with superior plasmonic, catalytic and adsorptive surface properties. Here, the impact of properties of the etching solution on the dealloying process to generate nano-pores across thin film alloys was investigated by in-situ SAXS dealloying experiments. Single phase CuZn alloys were used as model materials to evaluate the influence of the solution temperature on the pore formation kinetics. This novel analysis allowed to visualize the change in surface properties of the materials over time, including their surface area as well as their pore and ligament sizes. The dealloying kinetics at the very early stage of the process were found to be critical to both stable pore formation and stabilization. SAXS in-situ data were correlated to the morphological properties of the materials obtained from ex-situ samples by Rutherford back scattering and scanning electron microscopy.
Spatial Variability of Picoeukaryotic Communities in the Mariana Trench
Authors: Jing Hongmei , Zhang Yue , Li Yingdong , Zhu Wenda , Liu Hongbin
Published: October 2018

Picoeukaryotes play prominent roles in the biogeochemical cycles in marine ecosystems. However, their molecular diversity studies have been confined in marine surface waters or shallow coastal sediments. Here, we investigated the diversity and metabolic activity of picoeukaryotic communities at depths ranging from the surface to the abyssopelagic zone in the western Pacific Ocean above the north and south slopes of the Mariana Trench. This was achieved by amplifying and sequencing the V4 region of both 18S ribosomal DNA and cDNA using Illumina HiSeq sequencing. Our study revealed: (1) Four super-groups (i.e., Alveolata, Opisthokonta, Rhizaria and Stramenopiles) dominated the picoeukaryote assemblages through the water column, although they accounted for different proportions at DNA and cDNA levels. Our data expand the deep-sea assemblages from current bathypelagic to abyssopelagic zones. (2) Using the cDNA-DNA ratio as a proxy of relative metabolic activity, the highest activity for most subgroups was usually found in the mesopelagic zone; and (3) Population shift along the vertical scale was more prominent than that on the horizontal differences, which might be explained by the sharp physicochemical gradients along the water depths. Overall, our study provides a better understanding of the diversity and metabolic activity of picoeukaryotes in water columns of the deep ocean in response to varying environmental conditions.
Epidermal growth factor receptor T790M mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of Yunnan in southwestern China
Authors: Zhou Yongchun , Ma Yuhui , Shi Hutao , Du Yaxi , Huang Yunchao
Published: October 2018

To explore the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) T790M mutation status on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Yunnan province of southwestern China. First, this study used the super amplification refractory mutation system (Super ARMS) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Droplet Digital PCR (dd PCR) to evaluate the T790M gene mutation, in plasmatic ctDNA samples from 212 cases of NSCLC. The association between T790M mutations and clinical parameters were further explored. Next, to investigate the mechanism of drug resistance that resulted from T790M mutation, subgroup analyses according to duration of medicine (EGFR-TKIs) were carried out. Finally, we also evaluate the effectiveness of blood-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) on detecting the T790M mutation by calculating Super ARMS’s detection efficiency. We found that the T790M mutation rate was 8.4% (18/212) in overall patients. The T790M mutation was more frequent in patients with brain metastasis 30.0% (12/40) (p < 0.01). We found that post-TKI samples 42.8% (15/35) were associated with a higher T790M mutation rate (p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that the duration of TKI therapy for 6 to 10 months 66.6% (8/12) (p < 0.01) and >10 months 75.0% (9/12) (p < 0.01) were also associated with a higher T790M mutation rate. Super ARMS’s sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 100.0%, 99.4%, 94.7%, 100.0%, and 99.5% respectively. Generally, the EGFR-T790M mutation was more common in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis and those who received TKI therapy for more than 6 months. Moreover, Super ARMS is a sensitive, efficient, and practical clinic method for dynamically monitoring T790M mutation status and effectively guiding clinic treatment.
The earliest evidence for modern-style plate tectonics recorded by HP–LT metamorphism in the Paleoproterozoic of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: François Camille , Debaille Vinciane , Paquette Jean-Louis , Baudet Daniel , Javaux Emmanuelle J.
Published: October 2018

Knowing which geodynamic regimes characterised the early Earth is a fundamental question. This implies to determine when and how modern plate tectonics began. Today, the tectonic regime is dominated by mobile-lid tectonics including deep and cold subduction. However, in the early Earth (4.5 to 2 Ga) stagnant-lid tectonics may also have occurred. The study of high pressure–low temperature (HP–LT) metamorphic rocks is important, because these rocks are only produced in present-day subduction settings. Here, we characterize the oldest known HP–LT eclogite worldwide (2089 ± 13 Ma; 17–23 kbar/500–550 °C), discovered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We provide evidence that the mafic protolith of the eclogite formed at 2216 ± 26 Ma in a rift-type basin, and was then subducted to mantle depths (>55 km) before being exhumed during a complete Wilson cycle lasting ca. 130 Ma. Our results indicate the operation of modern mobile-lid plate tectonics at 2.2–2.1 Ga.
Early childhood exposure to secondhand smoke and behavioural problems in preschoolers
Authors: Luk Tzu Tsun , Wang Man Ping , Suen Yi Nam , Koh David Soo-quee , Lam Tai Hing , Chan Sophia Siu-chee
Published: October 2018

Evidence on behavioural abnormalities in children exposed to secondhand smoke is limited. This study examined the relation between infant/ toddler cotinine concentration, a biomarker of secondhand smoke exposure, and behavioural problems in preschoolers who were unexposed to maternal smoking during gestation. A prospective cohort of 301 non-smoking mothers with their young children aged ≤18 months visiting postnatal primary care clinics in Hong Kong was enrolled in 2012 and followed by telephone survey 3 years afterwards. Saliva was collected at baseline for cotinine assay. Child behavioural health at 3-year follow-up was assessed by the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We conducted multivariable linear regressions to compute regression coefficients (b) of SDQ scores in relation to salivary cotinine level. Mean ± SD age of children at follow-up was 3.7 ± 0.5 years and 50.8% were boys. After adjusting for age, sex, birthweight, household income, housing type, maternal education and depressive symptoms, greater cotinine concentrations during early childhood were associated with greater conduct problems (b = 0.90, 95% CI 0.03–1.76) and hyperactivity/ inattention (b = 1.12, 95% CI 0.07–2.17) at preschool age. This study corroborates previous findings on the potential role of secondhand smoke in development of child behavioural problems.
Neurogenin3 phosphorylation controls reprogramming efficiency of pancreatic ductal organoids into endocrine cells
Authors: Azzarelli Roberta , Rulands Steffen , Nestorowa Sonia , Davies John , Campinoti Sara , Gillotin Sébastien , Bonfanti Paola , Göttgens Berthold , Huch Meritxell , Simons Benjamin , Philpott Anna
Published: October 2018

β-cell replacement has been proposed as an effective treatment for some forms of diabetes, and in vitro methods for β-cell generation are being extensively explored. A potential source of β-cells comes from fate conversion of exocrine pancreatic cells into the endocrine lineage, by overexpression of three regulators of pancreatic endocrine formation and β-cell identity, Ngn3, Pdx1 and MafA. Pancreatic ductal organoid cultures have recently been developed that can be expanded indefinitely, while maintaining the potential to differentiate into the endocrine lineage. Here, using mouse pancreatic ductal organoids, we see that co-expression of Ngn3, Pdx1 and MafA are required and sufficient to generate cells that express insulin and resemble β-cells transcriptome-wide. Efficiency of β-like cell generation can be significantly enhanced by preventing phosphorylation of Ngn3 protein and further augmented by conditions promoting differentiation. Taken together, our new findings underline the potential of ductal organoid cultures as a source material for generation of β-like cells and demonstrate that post-translational regulation of reprogramming factors can be exploited to enhance β-cell generation.
High-Sensitivity cardiac Troponins in Cardio-Healthy Subjects: A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Aw Tar-Choon , Huang Wei-ting , Le Thu-Thao , Pua Chee-Jian , Ang Briana , Phua Soon-Kieng , Yeo Khung-Keong , Cook Stuart A. , Chin Calvin W. L.
Published: October 2018

The 99th percentile upper reference limits (URL) of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) in healthy subjects are essential for diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases. Unless screened stringently, subclinical disease affects the derived URL. In 779 healthy subjects(49% males; 17–88 years) screened by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), the gold standard for assessing cardiac volumes and myocardial mass; and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the 99th percentile URL of hsTnT (Roche) and hs-cTnI (Abbott) were similar to the published URL. The overall 99th percentile URL of hsTnT and hsTnI were 15.2 and 21.2 ng/L, respectively; males had higher values than females (hsTnT: 16.8 versus 11.9 ng/L and hsTnI: 38.8 versus 14.4 ng/L). Correlation between hsTnT and hsTnI was modest (r = 0.45; p < 0.001). A larger proportion of healthy volunteers <60 years had detectable hsTnI compared to hsTnT (n = 534; 30.0% versus 18.3%, p < 0.001). Lower eGFR was an independent clinical determinant of hsTnT, but not hsTnI. Both hs-cTn concentrations were independently associated with myocardial mass and cardiac volumes (p < 0.01 for all), but only hsTnI was independently associated with CMR multi-directional strain measures and extent of LV trabeculations (p < 0.05 for all). Differences exist between hs-cTn assays and may influence their selection depending on cardiac conditions, patient population and local factors.
Using volunteered observations to map human exposure to ticks
Authors: Garcia-Marti Irene , Zurita-Milla Raul , Harms Margriet G. , Swart Arno
Published: October 2018

Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in Europe and its incidence has steadily increased over the last two decades. In the Netherlands alone, more than 20,000 citizens are affected by LB each year. Because of this, two Dutch citizen science projects were started to monitor tick bites. Both projects have collected nearly 50,000 geo-located tick bite reports over the period 2006–2016. The number of tick bite reports per area unit is a proxy of tick bite risk. This risk can also be modelled as the result of the interaction of hazard (e.g. tick activity) and human exposure (e.g. outdoor recreational activities). Multiple studies have focused on quantifying tick hazard. However, quantifying human exposure is a harder task. In this work, we make a first step to map human exposure to ticks by combining tick bite reports with a tick hazard model. Our results show human exposure to tick bites in all forested areas of the Netherlands. This information could facilitate the cooperation between public health specialists and forest managers to create better mitigation campaigns for tick-borne diseases, and it could also support the design of improved plans for ecosystem management.
From monetite plate to hydroxyapatite nanofibers by monoethanolamine assisted hydrothermal approach
Authors: Suchanek Katarzyna , Bartkowiak Amanda , Perzanowski Marcin , Marszałek Marta
Published: October 2018

Calcium phosphates offer outstanding biological adaptability. Thanks to their specific physico-chemical properties they are one of the most widely used materials in bone tissue engineering applications. The search for an innovative and economic strategy of synthesizing their different forms has been drawing considerable attention in the field. Herein, we report on a facile hydrothermal process in the presence of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and monoethanolamine to obtain various forms of calcium phosphates. The monoethanolamine served as an alkaline source and crystal growth modifier, while ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid was used to control the Ca2+ supersaturation level under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The obtained inorganic compounds were examined for their elemental composition, morphology, and structure using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and powder x-ray diffraction. We were able to selectively synthesize monetite plate-like microcrystals as well as hydroxyapatite plates and nanofibers by simply varying the concentration of monoethanolamine.
Novel biconvex structure electrowetting liquid lenticular lens for 2D/3D convertible display
Authors: Sim Jee Hoon , Kim Junoh , Kim Cheoljoong , Shin Dooseub , Lee Junsik , Koo Gyohyun , Jung Gyu Suk , Won Yong Hyub
Published: October 2018

Recently, a planoconvex structure electrowetting lenticular lens capable of 2D/3D conversion through a varifocal property by an electrowetting phenomenon has been developed. However, even though it has a similar planoconvex structure to that of a commercial solid lenticular lens, comparable 3D performance could not be realized because the refractive index difference between nonconductive liquid and conductive liquid was not large. Therefore, the goal of the present study is to obtain better 3D performance compared to the conventional planoconvex structure by introducing a novel biconvex structure using ETPTA. The newly developed biconvex structure electrowetting lenticular lens showed greatly improved characteristics compared to the planoconvex structure: dioptric power (171.69D → 1,982.56D), viewing angle (26degrees → 46degrees), and crosstalk ratio (27.27% → 16.18%). Thanks to these improvements, a fine 3D image and a natural motion parallax could be observed with the biconvex structure electrowetting lenticular lens. In addition, the novel biconvex structure electrowetting lenticular lens was designed to achieve a plane lens state with a no voltage applied condition, and as such it could show a clean 2D image at 0 V. In conclusion, a novel biconvex structure electrowetting lenticular lens showed 2D/3D switchable operation as well as excellent 3D performance compared to a solid lenticular lens.
Intercalated metal–organic frameworks with high electronic conductivity as negative electrode materials for hybrid capacitors
Authors: Ozawa Yuka , Ogihara Nobuhiro , Hasegawa Masaki , Hiruta Osamu , Ohba Nobuko , Kishida Yoshihiro
Published: October 2018

Hybrid capacitors should ideally exhibit high volumetric energy density, favorable low-temperature performance and safe operation. Here we describe a negative electrode comprising an intercalated metal–organic framework, 4,4′-biphenyl dicarboxylate dilithium [4,4′-Bph(COOLi)2], which forms a repeating organic–inorganic layered structure of π-stacked biphenyl and tetrahedral LiO4 units. The electrode shows a stepwise two-electron transfer and has a capacity of 190 mAh g−1 at 0.7 V vs. Li/Li+, which can suppress the lithium metal deposition reaction occurring an internal short circuit. A hybrid capacitor containing 4,4′-Bph(COOLi)2 negative and activated carbon positive electrodes possesses high volumetric energy density of approximately 60 Wh L−1 and good high-rate performance, particularly at the low temperature of 0 °C, because of low charge-transfer resistance along with low activation energy. Hopping mobility calculations suggest the observed low resistance properties are the result of high electron mobility arising from two electron-hopping pathways between adjacent molecules in the π-stacked biphenyl packing layer by lithium intercalation.
Experimental design for metal extraction from facial cosmetics samples and determination by square wave voltammetry
Authors: Vinicius de Faria Lucas , Lisboa Thalles Pedrosa , Arromba de Sousa Rafael , Gonçalves de Carvalho Gustavo Senra , Costa Matos Maria Auxiliadora , Matos Renato Camargo
Published: October 2018

An alternative microwave-assisted sample preparation procedure is proposed for the rapid, reliable and easy extraction of metals from facial cosmetics samples.
A unique bifunctional probe for detecting silicate anions and cupric cations: the modified silica nanoparticles and their coordination
Authors: Yang Mingdi , Yu Tingting , Zhou Hongping , Wu Mingzai , Zhu Xiaojiao , Zhang Xuanjun , Kong Lin , Zhu Weiju , Wu Zhichao , Tian Yupeng
Published: October 2018

A bifunctional fluorescence probe L for detecting silicate anions and cupric cations was prepared.
CuAAC click chemistry for the enhanced detection of novel alkyne-based natural product toxins
Authors: Hems Edward S. , Wagstaff Ben A. , Saalbach Gerhard , Field Robert A.
Published: October 2018

In the context of discovering and quantifying terminal alkyne-based natural products, here we report the combination of CuAAC click chemistry with LC-MS for the detection of polyether toxins (prymnesins) associated with harmful algal blooms.
Phosphorous(v) Lewis acids: water/base tolerant P3-trimethylated trications
Authors: Bayne J. M. , Fasano V. , Szkop K. M. , Ingleson M. J. , Stephan D. W.
Published: October 2018

The water/base intolerance of the previously reported electrophilic phosphonium cations has been overcome by replacing the labile electron-withdrawing groups generally attached to phosphorus (e.g. –F, –OAr, –CF3) with methyl groups.
Tetrahedral metal–organic cages with cube-like cavities for selective encapsulation of fullerene guests and their spin-crossover properties
Authors: Han Wang-Kang , Zhang Hai-Xia , Wang Yong , Liu Wei , Yan Xiaodong , Li Tao , Gu Zhi-Guo
Published: October 2018

Selective encapsulation of fullerene guests and solid state spin-crossover behaviors were observed in iron(ii) tetrahedral metal–organic cages with cube-like cavities.
A convenient route to internally phosphane-stabilized aryltriborane(7) compounds
Authors: Li Jun , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard
Published: October 2018

The treatment of o-lithiated aryl(dimesityl)phosphanes with excess borane dimethylsulfide adduct eventually gave the aryl substituted internally phosphane-stabilized triborane(7) derivatives.
Homogeneous enzyme-free and entropy-driven isothermal fluorescent assay for nucleic acids based on a dual-signal output amplification strategy
Authors: Xiong Erhu , Zhen Deshuai , Jiang Ling
Published: October 2018

The proposed fluorescent biosensor improves the reaction rate, has excellent analytical performance (LOD 15.6 fM) and shows outstanding recognition toward mismatched DNA strands. This approach provides a potential universal platform for the determination of other nucleic acids.
Streams, cascades, and pools: various water cluster motifs in structurally similar Ni(ii) complexes
Authors: Saraei Nina , Hietsoi Oleksandr , Mullins Christopher S. , Gupta Alexander J. , Frye Brian C. , Mashuta Mark S. , Buchanan Robert M. , Grapperhaus Craig A.
Published: October 2018

Hydrogen bonding (HB) interactions are well known to impact the properties of water in the bulk and within hydrated materials.
The conformational behavior of multivalent tris(imidazolium)cyclophanes in the hybrids with metal (pseudo)halides or polyoxometalates
Authors: Wang Fu-Rong , Li Zi-Yan , Wei Dong-Hui , Niu Yun-Yin , Hou Hong-Wei , Wu Ben-Lai
Published: October 2018

Three 3D imidazole or benzimidazole-bearing cages as trivalent cationic templates react with metal (pseudo)halides or polyoxometalates to obtain a series of different organic–inorganic hybrids in which the cages exhibit breathing behavior of expansion and contraction.
Electrokinetic flow of an aqueous electrolyte in amorphous silica nanotubes
Authors: Daub Christopher D. , Cann Natalie M. , Bratko D. , Luzar Alenka
Published: October 2018

We study the pressure-driven flow of aqueous NaCl in amorphous silica nanotubes using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations featuring both polarizable and non-polarizable molecular models.
DFT studies on quantum mechanical tunneling in tautomerization of three-membered rings
Authors: Jana Kalyanashis , Ganguly Bishwajit
Published: October 2018

Amino–imino and keto–enol tautomerization processes in three-membered ring systems have been explored to examine the role of quantum mechanical tunneling along with aromaticity. The DFT calculations shed light on the role of aromaticity in tautomerization processes and as perceived this property may not contribute entirely to facilitate the formation of tautomeric forms.
Reduction of thermal conductivity in silicene nanomesh: insights from coherent and incoherent phonon transport
Authors: Cui Liu , Shi Sanqiang , Li Zhao , Wei Gaosheng , Du Xiaoze
Published: October 2018

Investigation of heat transfer reduction of silicene nanomesh considering the mechanisms of both coherent and incoherent phonon transport.
Structure and dynamics of high-temperature strontium aluminosilicate melts
Authors: Florian Pierre , Novikov Alexey , Drewitt James W. E. , Hennet Louis , Sarou-Kanian Vincent , Massiot Dominique , Fischer Henry E. , Neuville Daniel R.
Published: October 2018

We report the NMR and neutron diffraction study of high-temperature melts (1600–2300 °C) and related glasses in the SrO–Al2O3–SiO2 phase diagram considering three series: (i) depolymerized ([SrO]/[Al2O3] = 3); (ii) fully polymerized ([SrO]/[Al2O3] = 1); and (iii) per-aluminous ([SrO]/[Al2O3] < 1).
C2N: an excellent catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Yu Song , Rao Yong-Chao , Wu Hong-Hui , Duan Xiang-Mei
Published: October 2018

Based on first-principles calculations, we study the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on metal-free C2N and make efforts to improve its catalytic performance.
Quantifying the protein–protein association rate in polymer solutions: crowding-induced diffusion and energy modifications
Authors: Qing Jing , Chen Anpu , Zhao Nanrong
Published: October 2018

A theoretical framework is developed to study protein–protein association in polymer solutions under diffusion-limited conditions.
Water phase transitions from the perspective of hydrogen-bond network analysis
Authors: Ramírez B. V. , Benito R. M. , Torres-Arenas J. , Benavides A. L.
Published: October 2018

Analysis of the water phase transitions from the perspective of hydrogen bond networks.
Water catalysis of the reaction between hydroxyl radicals and linear saturated alcohols (ethanol and n-propanol) at 294 K
Authors: Jara-Toro Rafael A. , Hernández Federico J. , Garavagno María de los A. , Taccone Raúl A. , Pino Gustavo A.
Published: October 2018

Water accelerates the title reaction by lowering the energy barrier and increasing the dipole moments of the reactants.
Alkyl chain-modified cyclometalated iridium complexes as tunable anticancer and imaging agents
Authors: Laha Paltan , De Umasankar , Chandra Falguni , Dehury Niranjan , Khullar Sadhika , Kim Hyung Sik , Patra Srikanta
Published: October 2018

Imidazole-based cyclometalated iridium complexes [1]+–[5]+ have been developed displaying alkyl chain length dependent anticancer activity and imaging property.
Two isostructural Ln-MOFs showing luminescent sensing (Eu) and slow magnetic relaxation (Dy) properties
Authors: Yang Chun , Zheng Jie-Yu , Cai Wen-Jing , Guo Fu-Sheng , Wang Yao-Yu
Published: October 2018

Two isostructural lanthanide-based MOFs are reported. The Eu-MOF exhibiting luminescence properties can be utilized in ion detection and the Dy-MOF displays SMM behavior with an energy barrier (ΔUeff) of 54 K.
The coordination behaviour and reactivity of partially silicon based crown ethers towards beryllium chloride
Authors: Buchner Magnus R. , Müller Matthias , Dankert Fabian , Reuter Kirsten , von Hänisch Carsten
Published: October 2018

The reaction of partially silicon based crown ethers with BeCl2 yields eight-membered Be–O-heterocycles, which are annulated by two six-membered Be–O-cycles.
Determination of polar organic micropollutants in surface and pore water by high-resolution sampling-direct injection-ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Posselt Malte , Jaeger Anna , Schaper Jonas L. , Radke Michael , Benskin Jonathan P.
Published: October 2018

A new method was developed for in situ characterization of polar organic micropollutants in hyporheic pore water at high spatial and temporal resolution.
Mechanism for sulfidation of silver nanoparticles by copper sulfide in water under aerobic conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Xu Zhenlan , Wimmer Andreas , Zhang Hangjun , Wang Jiaojiao , Bao Qibei , Gu Zhouhang , Zhu Mei , Zeng Lixi , Li Lingxiangyu
Published: October 2018

Ag-NP sulfidation by CuS-NP proceeds under aerobic conditions through cation exchange reactions between CuS-NP and the O2-dependent released silver ions.
Bio-distribution and interaction with dopamine of fluorescent nanodots from roasted chicken
Authors: Song Xunyu , Wang Haitao , Zhang Run , Yu Chenxu , Tan Mingqian
Published: October 2018

The formation of a new type of food-borne FNDs with varying particle sizes and different fluorescence properties in chicken roasted at different temperatures, and theirin vitrointeraction with dopamine are reported.
A polyaniline@MoS2-based organic–inorganic nanohybrid for the removal of Congo red: adsorption kinetic, thermodynamic and isotherm studies
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Ansari Sajid Ali , Barakat M. A. , Aljaafari Abdullah , Cho Moo Hwan
Published: October 2018

Organic–inorganic functional hybrid polymeric materials are well known for the efficient removal of contaminants from wastewater.
Imaging immunoassay in negative: surface-catalysed chemiluminescence for the detection of pregnancy hormones in artificial saliva
Authors: Wright Kevin J. , Oiaidha Zeid O. , Love Daniel P. , Aljohani Mohammed , Greenway Gillian M. , Wadhawan Jay D.
Published: October 2018

Before and after exposure to progesterone or œstriol – visualising the extent of antibody/antigen complexation.
Self-agglomerated crystalline needles harnessing ESIPT and AIEE features for the ‘turn-on’ fluorescence detection of Al3+ ions
Authors: Puri Pranshu , Kumar Gulshan , Paul Kamaldeep , Luxami Vijay
Published: October 2018

We report the synthesis of probe 2 for the fluorescence “turn-on” detection of Al3+ ions in CH3OH.
Thiophene insertion for continuous modulation of the photoelectronic properties of triphenylamine-based metal–organic frameworks for photocatalytic sulfonylation–cyclisation of activated alkenes
Authors: Zhang Tiexin , Shi Yusheng , Zhang Sen , Jia Chen , He Cheng , Duan Chunying
Published: October 2018

Ligand-engineering through the insertion of thiophenes precisely modulates the photoelectronic properties of metal–organic frameworks for efficient and diastereoselective photocatalytic sulfonylation–cyclisation of activated alkenes.
Ionic liquid-assisted in situ growth of a cobalt oxide composite and its application in supercapacitors and electrochemical biosensors
Authors: Li Fajun , Ruan Chaohui , Wang Yang , Lei Lixu
Published: October 2018

[C16MIM]CF3COO and GO were used as template and 2D planar substrate for in situ growth of Co3O4 NR-P/GO.
Electrical characterization and examination of temperature-induced degradation of metastable Ge0.81Sn0.19nanowires
Authors: Sistani M. , Seifner M. S. , Bartmann M. G. , Smoliner J. , Lugstein A. , Barth S.
Published: October 2018

Electrical characterization of Ge0.81Sn0.19nanowires has been performed revealing high electrical conductivity and semiconductor behaviour when cooled to 10 K. The impact on slightly elevated temperatures on the device stability of this metastable material is described.
Charge-separation in panchromatic, vertically positioned bis(donor styryl)BODIPY–aluminum(iii) porphyrin–fullerene supramolecular triads
Authors: Zarrabi Niloofar , Obondi Christopher O. , Lim Gary N. , Seetharaman Sairaman , Boe Benjamin G. , D'Souza Francis , Poddutoori Prashanth K.
Published: October 2018

Three, broad band capturing, vertically aligned reaction center models have been constructed using aluminum(iii) porphyrin.
Copper sulfide nanosheets with shape-tunable plasmonic properties in the NIR region
Authors: Lesyuk Rostyslav , Klein Eugen , Yaremchuk Iryna , Klinke Christian
Published: October 2018

2D copper sulfide nanocrystals are promising building blocks of plasmonic materials in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region. The shape of synthesized 2D CuS nanocrystals can effectively tune the NIR absorption and field distribution within the particle.
Highly diastereoselective synthesis of cyclopropane-fused spiro-pseudoindoxyl derivatives through [2 + 1] annulation of 2-ylideneoxindoles and sulfonium bromides
Authors: Tang Xue , Zhu Hong-Ping , Zhou Jin , Chen Yang , Pan Xiao-Li , Guo Li , Li Jun-Long , Peng Cheng , Huang Wei
Published: October 2018

We developed an efficient method for diastereoselective synthesis of cyclopropane-fused spiropseudoindoxyl derivatives through [2 + 1] annulation.
Synthesis of the β-linked GalNAc-Kdo disaccharide antigen of the capsular polysaccharide of Kingella kingae KK01
Authors: Zhuang Liqin , Chen Yan , Lou Qixin , Yang You
Published: October 2018

TfOH-catalyzed glycosylation with d-galactosaminyl N-phenyl trifluoroacetimidate as the donor was developed for the construction of the challenging β-(1 → 5)-linked GalNAc-Kdo disaccharide antigen from Kingella kingae KK01.
Copper-catalyzed oxidative coupling of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with alcohols: access to hydroxyalkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Fu Junhao , Yuan Jinwei , Zhang Yue , Xiao Yongmei , Mao Pu , Diao Xiaoqiong , Qu Lingbo
Published: October 2018

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of hydroxyl-containing quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones has been developed via the copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with alcohols with moderate to good yields.
Nitrogen-doped micro-nano carbon spheres with multi-scale pore structure obtained from interpenetrating polymer networks for electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Hu Bing , Zhang Wei-Bin , Yan Kun , Zhang Tong , Li Kai , Chen Xi-Wen , Kang Long , Kong Ling-Bin
Published: October 2018

The N-doped micro-nano carbon spheres with multi-scale pore structures was prepared via carbonization of N-PF/PMMA interpenetrating polymer networks, which contain melamine resin as nitrogen source, PF as carbon source, and PMMA as pore-former.
Development of a portable electrochemical loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) device for detection of hepatitis B virus
Authors: Jayanath Nileththi Yasendra , Nguyen Loc Thai , Vu Thu Thi , Tran Lam Dai
Published: October 2018

A novel prototype device using LAMP and electrochemical drop cell set-up for rapid detection of hepatitis B virus.
3D nanoporous Ni/V2O3 hybrid nanoplate assemblies for highly efficient electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Authors: Ming Mei , Ma Yuling , Zhang Yun , Huang Lin-Bo , Zhao Lu , Chen Yu-Yun , Zhang Xing , Fan Guangyin , Hu Jin-Song
Published: October 2018

A 3D nanoporous Ni/V2O3 nanoplate assembly is developed as an efficient HER catalyst via a self-templated strategy.
Surfactant-assisted ammonium vanadium oxide as a superior cathode for calcium-ion batteries
Authors: Vo Thuan Ngoc , Kim Hyeongwoo , Hur Jaehyun , Choi Wonchang , Kim Il Tae
Published: October 2018

Na-doped NH4V4O10 synthesized from a surfactant-assisted process exhibits remarkable performance in calcium-ion batteries due to its small and uniform particle size.
Three-dimensional hierarchical mesoporous flower-like TiO2@graphdiyne with superior electrochemical performances for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lin Zhiya , Liu Guozhen , Zheng Yongping , Lin Yingbin , Huang Zhigao
Published: October 2018

Three-dimensional hierarchical flower-like TiO2@graphdiyne exhibits superior electrochemical performances in terms of reversible capacities, rate capability and cycling stability, which can be explained by electron percolation and built-in electric field.
A serum protein adsorption profile on BCP ceramics and influence of the elevated adsorption of adhesive proteins on the behaviour of MSCs
Authors: Wang Jing , Chen Xuening , Guo Bo , Yang Xiao , Zhou Yong , Zhu Xiangdong , Zhang Kai , Fan Yujiang , Tu Chongqi , Zhang Xingdong
Published: October 2018

Schematic description of the experimental design and results.
MiR-218-5p targets LHFPL3 to regulate proliferation, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transitions of human glioma cells
Authors: Li Zhixiao , Qian Rongjun , Zhang Jiadong , Shi Xiwen
Published: October 2018

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a main subtype of high-grade gliomas with features in progressive brain tumor. Lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 3 (LHFPL3) is reported to be highly expressed in malignant glioma, but the relationship and mechanism between LHFPL3 and tumor is inexplicit. The present study aimed to screen the miRNAs targeting LHFPL3 and verify the pathogenesis and development of gliomas. Bioinformatics software predicted that miR-218-5p and miR-138-5p can specifically bind to LHFPL3 mRNA. And the expression of miR-218-5p and miR-138-5p was down-regulated in glioma cell lines and glioma tissues from the patients compared with the normal cells. While dual luciferase activity experiment confirmed, only miR-218-5p can directly bind to LHFPL3. After miR-218-5p transfection of U251 and U87 cells, cytological examinations found a reduction in cell activity, proliferation and invasive ability. Further study showed that miR-218-5p transfection could inhibit epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMT). Therefore, miR-218-5p targeting LHFPL3 mRNA plays significant roles in preventing the invasiveness of glioma cells. The present study also revealed a novel mechanism for miRNA–LHFPL3 interaction in glioma cells, which may be potential targets for developing therapies in treating glioma.