bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ranking of power grid facilities as a tool for choosing a repair management system
Authors: Levin V. M. , Guzhov N. P.
Published: November 2024

In the long-term planning of repairs at power grid facilities in conditions of limited operational and investment resources, it is important to determine the "points of maximum return", that is, the objects whose repair will cause the greatest effect in terms of the company's target priorities. This requires an operational assessment and ranking of electric grid facilities, taking into account the technological and resource characteristics of the energy company. The article presents a decision-making methodology that, based on operational calculations and priority assessment, enables to identify power grid facilities with the highest repair efficiency in the sense of criteria characterizing the strategic goals of asset management of an energy company. The methodology combines methods of modeling and calculating the probabilities of failure in consumer power supply systems (PSS) with the determination of indices of the technical condition of equipment, methods for calculating labor costs for maintaining and restoring reliability and assessing damage from its disruptions.

The developed methodology allows the energy company — the owner of assets, when choosing the most effective repair management system according to enlarged indicators and simplified models, to form prioritization lists of objects for which the critical repair rank corresponds to its strategic priorities. The possibility of cost estimation of the total labor costs for the maintenance of facilities for each of the received prioritization lists in comparison with the repair fund stated by the energy company expands the scope of the methodology and increases the validity of the decisions made. The methodology has been verified and confirmed by consideration on the example of a real PSS of oil fields using up-to-date operational information.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS PELAYANAN APARATUR PADA DINAS KEPENDUDUKAN DAN CATATAN SIPIL KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Andi Irwan Kasim
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of communication competence and professionalism partially and simultaneously on the quality of service for officials at the Makassar City Population and Civil Registry Service. The research method used is quantitative descriptive research. The research sample consisted of 79 respondents. Sampling uses saturated/census sampling, meaning the entire population is used as a sample. The data analysis methods used are data quality test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, t test, F test and coefficient of determination. The results of the research show that communication competence partially has a positive and significant effect on the quality of apparatus services, professionalism partially has a positive and significant effect on the quality of apparatus services, communication competence and professionalism simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the quality of apparatus services.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN, PRODUK, HARGA DAN MEREK TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK RAMAH LINGKUNGAN PADA KFC KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Dhea Fadillah  , Fasiha Fasiha , Nurfadilah Nurfadilah
Published: November 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze more deeply the extent to which environmental awareness (Green Awareness) influences purchasing decisions for environmentally friendly products among KFC consumers in Palopo City. Palopo City has a diverse group of consumers with different levels of environmental awareness, so it can be explored differences in consumer preferences and behavior. This research is categorized as associative quantitative research, where the research instrument is in the form of a questionnaire. The population in this research is KFC consumers in Palopo City. The sampling technique uses a purposive sampling method. The samples taken in this research were 100 samples. The measuring tool is proven to be valid and reliable for research instruments. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the research hypothesis. The results of this study show that: (1) there is a positive and insignificant influence of awareness of the environment on the decision to purchase environmentally friendly products, (2) there is a negative and insignificant influence of awareness of environmentally friendly products on the decision to purchase environmentally friendly products (3) there is positive and significant influence of price awareness on purchasing decisions for environmentally friendly products (4) there is a positive and significant influence of brand awareness on purchasing decisions for environmentally friendly products, (5) consumer concern for the environment, awareness of environmentally friendly products, price awareness and awareness Brands simultaneously have a significant influence on purchasing decisions for environmentally friendly products at KFC Palopo City.
Navigating Ghana’s monetary policy evolution and the potential of central bank digital currencies
Authors: Dávid Lóránt Dénes , Afadzinu Sewornu Kobla
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the evolution of monetary policy in Ghana and explores the potential of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), specifically the e-Cedi, as a tool to enhance financial inclusion and modernize the country’s financial system. Ghana’s monetary policy framework has undergone significant transformations since the establishment of the Bank of Ghana in 1957, with notable achievements in stabilizing the economy and managing inflation. However, large segments of the population, particularly in rural areas, remain unbanked or underbanked, highlighting the limitations of traditional monetary tools. The introduction of the e-Cedi presents an opportunity to bridge these gaps by providing secure, efficient, and accessible financial services to underserved communities. The study employs a qualitative research design, integrating historical analysis, case studies, and thematic analysis to assess the potential benefits and challenges of CBDCs in Ghana. Key findings indicate that while the e-Cedi could significantly enhance financial inclusion, challenges related to technological infrastructure, cybersecurity, and public trust must be addressed. The study concludes that a balanced approach, which prioritizes digital infrastructure development, strong cybersecurity measures, and collaboration with financial institutions, is essential for maximizing the potential of CBDCs in Ghana. Recommendations for future research include a deeper exploration of the impact of CBDCs on financial stability and further analysis of rural adoption barriers.
Momentum – the Archilles’ Heel of Causality-based Physics
Authors: Malek Abdul
Published: November 2024

Galileo famously discovered the inverse square law of gravitation on earth and also formulated the concept of momentum as “mv” (mass x velocity) for the dynamics of moving bodies. But the momentum “mv” was at an odd with his inverse square law of “Fee Fall” as pointed out later by G.W. Leibniz, who gave the correct formulation of momentum as “mv^2”. G.W.F. Hegel later showed that the momentum expressed as “mv” is incompatible with what he called, “the laws of absolutely free motion” discovered by Kepler’s three laws of the planetary system. However, in spite of the controversy raised by J. Kepler, Leibniz and Hegel; the continued use of “mv” as the measure of momentum of moving bodies in physics and dynamics since R. Descartes and I. Newton; until now, even after the recognition of the quantum phenomena at the turn of the 20th century; is leading to more and more mysteries and myths; impeding further developments in physics and cosmology.

It can now be shown that developments in Quantum electrodynamics and dialectics abolishes any notion of Newtonian mystery of “First Impulse” for matter and motion (momentum) from God. Leibniz’s formulation of momentum as “mv^2” is more appropriate and its use can resolve many of the problems in modern theoretical physics and cosmology; including in extra-terrestrial dynamics of the heavenly bodies and gravitation, electrodynamics and in quantum electrodynamics. The recognition of Leibniz’s vis viva, Hegel’s “absolute dynamics” and momentum as “mv^2” (“mv^3” only for neutral quantum particles like light photons); would represent the end of all mysticism and myths of cosmology, created since Isaac Newton’s “negation” of the Copernican revolution; later reinforced and accentuated by Albert Einstein’s theories of relativity.
How to Have Big Ideas
Authors: Yeaton William H.
Published: November 2024

Ideas are the primary currency of academic success. They can be elaborated upon to yield publications and grants, and high-quality ideas can result in tenure. Unfortunately, mechanisms for producing high quality ideas are underexplored, and ways of generating and maintaining good ideas are seldom a direct goal of university instruction.
On the Alienation of Multiplicative and Additive Functions
Authors: Chakiri Mohamed , Chahbi Abdellatif , Elqorachi Elhoucien
Published: November 2024

Given S a semigroup. We study two Pexider-type functional equations

f

(

x
y

)

+
g

(

x
y

)

=
f

(
x
)

+
f

(
y
)

+
g

(
x
)

g

(
y
)

,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
x
,
y
 
 
∈
 
 
S
,

f\left( {xy} \right) + g\left( {xy} \right) = f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right) + g\left( x \right)g\left( y \right),\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x,y\,\, \in \,\,S,

and

∫
S

f

(

x
y
t

)

d
μ

(
t
)

+

∫
s

g

(

x
y
t

)

d
μ

(
t
)

=
f

(
x
)

+
f

(
y
)

+
g

(
x
)

g

(
y
)

,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
x
,
y
∈
S
,

\int_S {f\left( {xyt} \right)d\mu \left( t \right) + \int_s {g\left( {xyt} \right)d\mu \left( t \right) = f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right) + g\left( x \right)g\left( y \right),\,\,\,\,\,\,\,x,y \in S,} }

for unknown functions f and g mapping S into ℂ, where µ is a linear combination of Dirac measures (δzi

)
i

∈

I
for some fixed elements (zi
)
i

∈

I
contained in S such that ∫
S dµ(t) = 1.

The main goal of this paper is to solve the above two functional equations and examine whether or not they are equivalent to the systems of equations

{

f

(

x
y

)

=
f

(
x
)

+
f

(
y
)

,

g

(

x
y

)

=
g

(
x
)

g

(
y
)

,
 
 
 
 
 
x
,
y
∈
S
,

{\left\{ {\matrix{{f\left( {xy} \right) = f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right),} \cr {g\left( {xy} \right) = g\left( x \right)g\left( y \right),\,\,\,\,\,x,y \in S,} \cr } } \right.}

and

{

∫
S

f

(

x
y
t

)

d
μ

(
t
)

=
f

(
x
)

+
f

(
y
)

,

∫
S

g

(

x
y
t

)

d
μ

(
t
)

=
g

(
x
)

g

(
y
)

,
 
 
 
 
 
x
,
y
∈
S
,

\left\{ {\matrix{{\int_S {f\left( {xyt} \right)d\mu \left( t \right)} = f\left( x \right) + f\left( y \right),} \cr {\int_S {g\left( {xyt} \right)d\mu \left( t \right) = g\left( x \right)g\left( y \right),\,\,\,\,\,x,y \in S,} } \cr } } \right.

respectively.
Development of STEM-Based Science Educational Game Using Scratch to Train Computational Thinking Skill for Socondary School Students
Authors: Wulandari Tiara Dwi , Listaji* Prasetyo , Sulaiman Tajularipin , Wan Jaafar Wan Marzuki , Abdul Rahim Suzieleez Syrene
Published: November 2024

Computational Thinking Skills (CTS) possessed by Indonesian students are not yet in the good category. This skills have not been integrated in learning. This is in accordance with the results of preliminary research at SMP Negeri 8 Semarang that CTS are a new concept for science teachers, including learning media used by teachers have not helped train students' CTS. Through preliminary research, it is known that science teachers give a positive response to the use of technology-based learning media that train students' CTS, one of which is a science educational game using Scratch. The purpose of this study was to analyze the validity and determine the profile of students' CTS after using science educational games. The type of research used is development research with the ADDIE model. The instruments used are expert validation questionnaires, student readability sheets, and tests after using science education games. The results showed that the science education game was valid with a score of 0.89. The readability of science education games is very good with a score of 96.7. Through the test, it was found that the percentage of students with high computational thinking ability was 56.66%, medium 26.66%, and low 16.66%. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the science education game is valid and can train CTS of junior high school students.
The Position of Contemporary Hybrid Art Practices in Shaping Ethical Response to AI Vladan Joler and Kate Crawford – Case Study
Authors: Janjić Kristina
Published: November 2024

The thesis of this paper rests on the premise that the role of contemporary hybrid art practices, employing technology as a means of expression, has extended to active engagement in the complexities of societal conflicts and shaping philosophical dialogue, which is evident in its subversive endeavors, that have become the points of intersection between power dynamics, technology, and ethics. Namely, the position of art has become the pragmatic and utilitarian one, and art aims at confronting society with the antagonisms of the mechanisms of power and the consequences of high technology development. With a view to support the thesis of this essay, I will analyze Vladan Joler's and Kate Crawford's art project “Anatomy of an AI System”. The aim of this essay is to show that the role of hybrid art is reflected in its contribution to the society, by helping it to anticipate and develop policies and systems of rules with a view to regulate behavior in borderline situations of advanced technology and ethics. Research methods applied in this paper are analysis, synthesis, observation, generalization, and comparative text analysis.
Promising Accurate Equation of State Models for High-Pressure, High-Temperature Wells
Authors: Babalola Faith , Olasesan Ibukunoluwa
Published: November 2024

This study analyzed and compared promising Equation of State models for High-Pressure High-Temperature (HPHT) well applications. The study examined four fluid phase behavior Equation of State (EOS) models namely, (Peng-Robinson (PR), Cubic-Plus-Association (CPA), Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) and Peng-Robinson-Babalola-Susu (PRBS). Their strengths, weaknesses, and computational efficiencies in calculating molar volumes with pressure change were rigorously analyzed using the Python program for five reservoir fluid systems: WELL 1, WELL 2, WELL 3, WELL 4 and WELL 5. PRBS, PC-SAFT, and CPA showed accurate predictions at specific high-pressure ranges between 90 and 160 MPa on the average, PRBS exhibited the lowest percentage Absolute Average Deviation (%AAD) of 21.0, followed by PC-SAFT with 28.0, followed closely by CPA with 31.8 while PR was shown to be totally unapplicable to high pressure reservoir systems as it had a %AAD of 125.4.
Analysis of the Effect of Inorganic Compound Nano Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3) on Increasing Cement Strength
Authors: Novrianti Novrianti , Deswanto Jefri , Khalid Idham , Pandjaitan M. M Lanny W. , Lukas
Published: November 2024

The objectives of this research are to analyze the inorganic compound nano-Fe2O3 ironstone for enhancing the compressive and shear bond strength of drilling cement. According to the American Petroleum Association (API), the minimum recommended compressive strength value to continue drilling operations is 500 psi, while the minimum shear bond strength is 100 psi. Nano-Fe2O3 in this study was obtained by synthesizing ironstone from Jorong, West Sumatra, using the coprecipitation method. Based on XRF and XRD tests, 62.8% Fe was obtained in the ironstone compound, and nano-Fe2O3 with the alpha phase was detected using Match 3. Five samples with different concentrations were prepared before starting the cement strength test. The test was conducted following the bio-axial loading test procedure, where each sample will be loaded with a certain amount of load force until the sample breaks. The pressure at the point where the sample broke was recorded as the maximum loading value to determine the compressive strength (CS) and shear bond strength (SBS). The highest CS value obtained was 2536.2953 psi with the addition of 1% nano-Fe2O3, and the highest SBS value obtained was 351.8479 psi with the addition of 1% nano-Fe2O3.
Optimizing of Electrical Submersible Pump with Stage Variation Using Nodal Analysis at “Rha” Well, Cepu Field for Enhancing Oil Production
Authors: Aditya Rhera , Rohmana Rian Cahya , Budiono
Published: November 2024

Well “Rha”, located in Cepu Field, is an old well that no longer produces oil naturally (natural flow), so an artificial lift is needed to produce oil. The artificial lift method used in this well is an electrical submersible pump. The well has a maximum flow rate of 1016.04 BFPD with a water cut of 98.2%, indicating a significantly high proportion of water in the flow. The installed pump in this well is REDA DN450/42 Hz, with an operating range of 246–383 BFPD. The evaluation showed that the head pressure exceeded the maximum operating range, causing an upthrust. This research aims to optimize the installed pump by replacing it and performing nodal analysis to obtain the stage that matches the optimum flow rate. This study applied the Wiggins IPR method to calculate the well's maximum flow rate. The study identified and troubleshot performance issues with the existing pump and applied nodal analysis to optimize production. The optimal production rate in this well is 609.62 BFPD, which operates outside the DN450 pump's recommended operating range. Therefore, optimization was carried out using a new pump in the field DN750/42 Hz with 171 stages. Subsequent nodal analysis showed that 124 stages, with a horsepower of 10.01 HP and a pump efficiency of 56.42%, aligned with the optimal production rate. With a water cut of 98.2%, the initial oil rate was 5.2 barrels of oil per day (BOPD), which increased to 10.94 BOPD after optimization. This research demonstrates that optimization by adjusting the stages of ESP can achieve optimal production rates.
Investigation of the Impact of Wellbore Trajectory on the Onset of Liquid Loading
Authors: Kinate Bright , Epelle Somiari
Published: November 2024

Liquid loading phenomenon and the influencing factors requires adequate investigation to avoid it and continue production without dropout. It is important to accurately predict liquid loading at an early stage and also when and where it starts to occur in the well in order to put together a suitable solution to combat it. In this work, the impact of wellbore trajectory on the onset of liquid loading in gas wells was investigated. Numerical simulation approach was adopted with two case scenarios of a wellbore model, “trajectory_1” inclined at 45.33° and a second wellbore model “trajectory_2” inclined at 46.39° were created and simulated for the different trajectories. At the start of production, the gas production rate was 0.703794MMscf/day for well with trajectory_1 and 0.703819 MMscf/day for well with trajectory_2. Result shows that for a period of 24hrs, the liquid production rate from well with trajectory_1 was lower than that from well with trajectory_2. Also, the liquid holdup of the well with trajectory_1 was higher than the well with trajectory_2 over a duration of 9.6hrs. A high wellbore inclined angle increased the liquid production rate and results in a reduction in liquid loading.
Gambaran kecemasan dental anak berdasarkan usia pada siswa sekolah dasar negeri 2 karanganyar kabupaten indramayu
Authors: Fitriyasari Rahmah , Dwimega Arianne
Published: November 2024

Background: Oral and dental health is paramount due to its significant impact on an individual's quality of life. The prevalence of cavities in Indonesia is considerably high, with 57.6% of the population affected, but treatment is only sought by a mere 10.2%. In the Indramayu Regency of West Java, the limited access to dental care is attributed to the low number of dentists, which is a meagre 3%. The anxiety surrounding dental care often dissuade people, particularly children. Studies have highlighted the varying levels of anxiety in children. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the level of dental anxiety in students. Methods: Using a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design and a purposive sampling approach, we obtained 158 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. Data were taken using the Children Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CSFSS-DS) questionnaire. Results: Dental anxiety levels were found in 142 (89.9%) children with low anxiety levels and about 16 (10.1%) children with high anxiety levels. There were 95 children aged 6-10 who had low anxiety and 8 child had high anxiety, then there were 47 children aged 11-13 years who had low anxiety, and 8 child had high anxiety. Conclusion: The level of dental anxiety is mainly dominated by children with mild dental anxiety (89.9%) and only a tiny percentage who have high dental anxiety (10.1%).
Pengaruh perendaman dengan red wine terhadap perubahan warna restorasi resin komposit one shade
Authors: Priscilia Dinata Tobing Fiona , Ongki Iskandar Bernard , Stefani Rosita
Published: November 2024

Background: The very rapid development of technology for aesthetic treatment results has given rise to composite resin namely one shade composite resin. One shade composite resin has a chameleon effect that can copy all tooth colors using just one color. However, this composite resin can change color which causes patient dissatisfaction with the treatment results because it interferes with aesthetic value and appearance. This color change is influenced by the presence of color pigments and the acidic pH in the food and drinks, specifically red wine. Objective: To examine the effect of red wine consumption on the color stability of one shade composite resin. Methods: This research used sixteen one shade composite resins, consisting of 2 different brands in cylindrical shape (diameter: 10 mm; height: 2 mm) and allocated to 2 different groups, that is the control and treatment groups for each type of composite resin. Control groups were immersed in artificial saliva fo 6 days within 144 hours. Treatment groups were immersed in red wine for 4 days within 96 hours, followed by immersion in artificial saliva for 2 days within 48 hours. Color measurements were measured using vita easyshade V. Results: The ANOVA Two Way results showed that there were significant color change (p<0,05). Conclusion: There is an effect of immersion red wine on the color stability of one shade composite resin.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de material alternativo de solução coloide de sulpirida para tratamento de esquizofrenia
Authors: Campos Lucas , Cyrillo Isabele , Henna Neto Jorge
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A sulpirida é um agente antipsicótico de primeira geração usado para o tratamento de esquizofrenia. Sua administração é realizada por via oral, porém está associada a muitos efeitos colaterais. Alguns deles são constipação, sedação, insônia, ganho ponderal, acatisia e parkinsonismo. Por causa desses efeitos, a adesão ao tratamento com a sulpirida torna-se um grande desafio. Um método alternativo para administração de sulpirida seria então através da aplicação de um gel na pele do paciente. Tal gel pode oferecer muitas vantagens sobre as formas tradicionais de administração, como redução dos efeitos colaterais, resultando em uma maior adesão ao tratamento e consequente melhora dos sintomas positivos e negativos da esquizofrenia. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é desenvolver um sistema de administração alternativo de sulpirida e avaliar sua liberação a fim de se obter uma alternativa para a administração oral que possa ser incorporada à prática clínica no atendimento a pacientes esquizofrênicos. Métodos: Realizamos uma solução de álcool polivinílico com a sulpirida nas concentrações do fármaco em 50 mg e 100 mg. Após a formação das soluções, separamos alíquotas, as quais foram analisadas por um espectrofotômetro que registrou a liberação da sulpirida na solução. Resultados: A solução de sulpirida de 50 mg obteve uma liberação de aproximadamente 50%, enquanto a solução de 100 mg obteve uma liberação de mais de 80%, ambas atingindo um platô após a primeira hora do estudo. Conclusão: A sulpirida se mostra um fármaco possível de ser utilizado em uma formulação transdérmica. Contudo, são necessários mais estudos para obter uma liberação prolongada.
Baltic Morphology 11th Meeting [November 13–15, 2024]: Abstract Book
Authors:   Rīga Stradiņš University, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
Published: November 2024

Baltic Morphology 11th Meeting [November 13–15, 2024]: Abstract Book. – Rīga: Rīga Stradiņš University, 2024. – 98 p., including Author Index. https://doi.org/10.25143/rsu-balt-morf-11-meeting
Consulta compartilhada como dispositivo de cuidado integral em uma Clínica de Nutrição no sul do Brasil
Authors: Bobato Sueli T. , Nagel Chaves Deivid Edson , Kraisch Tiago , Barretta La Bella Claiza , Duarte Strelow Ruan
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Integrar eficazmente as perspectivas da nutrição e psicologia por meio de intervenções interdisciplinares em prol de melhorias no comportamento alimentar, saúde integral e qualidade de vida. Método: As ações foram desenvolvidas sob o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança, Entrevista Motivacional e técnicas de balança decisional, integrada aos pilares do autocuidado. Resultados: Dos 35 pacientes atendidos, evidenciou-se predomínio de obesidade (35,1%), hipertensão (21,6%), hipotiroidismo (16,2%) e diabetes tipo 2 (10,8%). Em associação foram evidenciadas condições psicossociais inerentes como ansiedade (21,6%) e depressão (16,2%). As intervenções psicológicas focaram-se na regulação emocional e no apoio às mudanças no estilo de vida, resultando em melhorias significativas na saúde e qualidade de vida dos pacientes. As consultas compartilhadas demonstraram eficácia ao promover maior adesão ao tratamento, com 21,6% dos pacientes na fase de ação para mudanças comportamentais e 24,3% na fase de contemplação, indicando um alto nível de engajamento. O estágio evidenciou a importância de uma abordagem interdisciplinar e integrada, alinhada aos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e às diretrizes internacionais de saúde pública. Conclusão: Este modelo de atendimento pode ser replicado com sucesso em outras instituições, contribuindo para a promoção da saúde integral e a melhoria dos resultados de saúde dos pacientes.
Wind speed prediction for hybrid based energy integration
Authors: Suwarno Suwarno , Indra Cahyadi Catra , Arief Setiawan Joko , Machdhalie Sofie Tengku , Arief Muhammad , Sadiatmi Rini
Published: November 2024

Wind energy has been widely explored and utilized as a renewable energy source. The integration of wind energy with other energy sources has been going well. To strengthen the current energy. However, this paper only discusses wind speed prediction in renewable energy by integrating hybrid-based energy. Combination of systems with the Successive model Variational Mode Decomposition uses the Least Squares Support Vector Machines model to obtain parts of the system with new variants. This study proposes a hybrid model for short-term WSF that takes into account the suitability of the LSSVM model for average data size and computational resources with an improved QPSO algorithm to optimize its parameters, with an LSTM network to model irregular sequences, and the advantages of the SVMD decomposition algorithm. This is to produce the predicted intrinsic mode and the error sequence is taken as the predicted final output wind speed result. For wind speed prediction, the assets in the proposed model obtained an RMSE of 0.703, MAE of 0.512, MAPE of 5.9%, R2 of 0.796, and a correlation coefficient of 0.892.
Religion and politics with Luther, Frederick the wise and emperor Carlos V
Authors: Kohnle Armin
Published: November 2024

This article examines the relationship between religion and politics during the Reformation, focusing on the figures of Martin Luther, Frederick the Wise, and Emperor Charles V. Luther's political theology advocated for the separation of spiritual and secular powers, emphasizing that civil authorities should maintain order without interfering in religious matters. Frederick the Wise is presented as an ideal Christian ruler, aligned with Reformation principles, who influenced the politics of the time. On the other hand, Charles V sought religious unity under a universal Christian empire, which led to conflicts with the growing Protestant movement. Luther's political counsel was rooted in his theology, aiming to shape the consciences of rulers rather than dictate policies. The Reformation also brought about changes in ecclesiastical governance, with civil authorities taking on roles traditionally reserved for the church, altering the dynamic between secular and spiritual power. The article concludes that the interaction between these elements shaped the political-religious landscape of the era, with lasting implications for governance and faith.
Clinico-radiological correlation in a case of Schuurs–Hoeijmakers syndrome
Authors: Bolke Priti , Nemani Swaksh Pradeep , Mettan Omkar
Published: November 2024

Schuurs–Hoeijmakers syndrome is a very rare disease entity presenting as a neuro-developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and a host of non-specific phenotypes. The diagnosis of this autosomal dominant disorder is made by genetic testing based on high clinical suspicion. Little is known about the radiological findings in such children. Here, we show a case of a 7-year-old boy diagnosed by whole exome sequencing and portray the various radiological and clinical findings that he presented with.
Ultrasound acting as a guiding light in the diagnosis of posterior interosseous nerve entrapment at ligament of Frohse – A case report
Authors: Gupta Isha , Jhanwar Vikas
Published: November 2024

Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) entrapment syndrome is a relatively rare compression neuropathy which leads to weakness of the extensor muscles of hand. This becomes a cause of morbidity to the patient with resultant difficulty in conducting day-to-day activities. Thickening of proximal edge of the superficial head of the supinator muscle which forms the ligament of Frohse can lead to compression of the PIN as it enters the supinator canal. Although nerve conduction studies can indicate the diagnosis, they cannot identify the exact site and cause of compression which is crucial for deciding the further management. Magnetic resonance imaging can identify the cause of entrapment in some cases; however, this is extremely difficult given the small size of the PIN and arcade of Frohse. Ultrasound overcomes these limitations and provides a cost and time effective, efficient, and sensitive diagnostic tool for detecting nerve entrapment. Here, we would like to emphasize the emerging importance of ultrasound by describing a case of ligament of Frohse thickening causing PIN entrapment which was effectively diagnosed by ultrasound and confirmed on surgical exploration, treated with surgical ligament release with a full recovery.
Quality of Life as a Non-mortality Patient-centred Outcome in the Critically Ill: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Vadi Sonali , Gudka Shreya , Deo Priyadarshini
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

Mortality is a common gauged endpoint in critically ill patients. Reduced quality of life is an aligned repercussion of protracted critical illness. Baseline status, severity of illness and its trajectory influence the outcomes. Patient-oriented outcomes are those that matter the most to a patient. However, quite often, family approves of trade-offs with survivorship in the Indian context. We looked at non-mortality outcomes in patients on high-intensity life-sustaining interventions admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) despite poor prognosis and died on full support or survived to be completely dependent.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective chart review study, we studied patients (1) who spent more than 1 month in the hospital enduring a myriad of distressing physical and psychological vicissitudes, (2) whose primary illness was fairly advanced (3) and either succumbed or survived to be impeded in their response to cognitive assessment and with severe functional impairment. Patient demographics, comorbidities, pre-morbid functional status, burden of critical illness, use of life-sustaining therapies, functional dependence in the last week of ICU stay, best neurological status in the last week pre-death or discharge, dying trajectories and economic analysis were noted.

Results:

Trends of clinical progress of 23 patients were deliberated. The mean age of males was 65 years and 61 years for females. Five patients had a Barthel index score of 10–20, indicating total dependency and two patients had a score of 21–60, indicating severe dependency. Two patients were cognitively impaired at baseline. The worst neurological status in the week before death or discharge was eye1, motor1, and verbaltracheostomised. Thirteen patients succumbed during ongoing treatment.

Conclusion:

Daily discussions on the dynamics of illness progression need to take place with family on a regular basis for patients managed in ICU. Realistic perceptions and grounded expectations from the families and caregivers are necessary for patient-centred outcomes.
Analisis Kandungan Mikroplastik Pada Air, Sedimen, dan Kerang Kijing (Pilsbryoconcha exilis) di Sungai Dudat Kabupaten Belitung
Authors: Pernanda Amelia , Pratiwi Fika Dewi , Kurniawan Andri
Published: November 2024

Sungai akan mengalami penurunan kualitas air karena pembuangan sampah plastik ke sungai. Plastik dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air atau tingkat tercemarnya perairan melalui mikroplastik. Mikroplastik yang masuk keperairan dapat terakumulasi kedalam sedimen dan biota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganilisis jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, dan kerang kijing (Pilsbryononcha exilis) di Sungai Dudat. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2023. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan meotode Purposive sampling dengan 3 Stasiun. Preparasi sampel menggunkan Nacl dan H₂O₂. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh pada sampel air dengan kelimpahan jenis fiber yaitu 0,013 partikel/L dan jenis fragmen yaitu 0,004 partikel/L, pada sampel sedimen dengan kelimpahan fiber sebesar 0,21 partikel/100 gram, fragmen sebesar 0,07 partikel/100 gram, film sebesar 0,04 partikel/100 gram, foam sebesar 0,01 partikel/100 gram, dan pada sampel kerang kijing dengan kelimpahan fiber sebesar 1,47 partikel/Ind, fragmen sebesar 0,6 partikel/Ind, dan film sebesar 0,07 partikel/Ind. Hasil membuktikan bahwa pada sampel air, sedimen, dan kerang kijing sudah terkontaminasi mikroplastik.
Stepwise kinetics of the Early-Stage Nucleation in Chiral Perovskites via Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics and Free- Energy Calculations
Authors: Pietropaolo Adriana , Fortino Mariagrazia , Schifino Gioacchino , Salvalaglio Matteo
Published: November 2024

This study provides a comprehensive molecular-level understanding of the early-stage nucleation process in chiral hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs). A combination of ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) based on density functional theory (DFT) and parallel bias metadynamics simulations was designed to explore a broad spectrum of the nucleation scenarios, disclosing how structural deviations affect the formation of chiral aggregates at the atomic scale. The workflow uses parallel replicas initialized from configurations characterised by different root-mean-square deviations (RMSD) relative to the crystallographic coordinates of the chiral ligands. The free-energy landscape and the kinetic pathways involved in chiral aggregate formation indicate a stepwise mechanism that governs the transition from disordered to chiral states. The computed free-energy barriers and corresponding transition timescales uncover several critical stages in this process, including rapid initial relaxations as well as slower, free-energy-intensive steps, with overall timescales on the order of microseconds as the system approaches its most chiral configuration.
Role of silicon as structural stabilizer and redox-active element in multicomponent (Sn, Sb, Fe, Si) alloy electrodes for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Kravets Yuliia , Sun Yanan , Wang Hui , Adelhelm Philipp
Published: November 2024

Metal alloys are attractive electrode materials for Na-ion batteries (SIBs) thanks to their high theoretical capacities. Because of its good availability and promising use in Li-ion batteries, silicon is also interesting for SIBs. However, so far its use has not been very successful because formation of the NaSi phase (954 mAh g-1) is kinetically unfavourable. Here we investigate the role of Si in multicomponent alloys composed of redox active metals tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), and redox inactive iron (Fe), which acts as a structural stabilizer. The composites are prepared by high-energy ball milling. Obtained particles and agglomerates are typically in the lower μm-range (0.5 – 10 μm) and contain the different metals and/or intermetallic phases as determined by SEM and XRD. It is found that Si remains electrochemically inactive irrespective of its chemical state but still provides some benefits. Similar to Fe, Si acts as a structural stabilizer for composite electrodes. Excellent rate capability is demonstrated by the Sn:Si:Fe alloy, while highest capacity and long-term stability are found for the Sn:Sb:Si (2:2:1) alloy. The stabilizing effect of Si (and Fe) is observed through operando electrochemical dilatometry, which shows a much smaller degree in electrode breathing compared to the Si/Fe-free electrode.
Graphitic C6N6-supported Dual Cu/Zn Single-Atom Catalyst Mimicking Allosteric Regulation for Intelligent Switching Biosensing
Authors: Hong Qing , Zhu Caixia , Wang Kaiyuan , Yang Hong , Li Wang , Wu Kaiqing , Shen Yanfei , Liu Songqin , Gao Xuejiao J. , Zhang Yuanjian
Published: November 2024

Self-adaptability is highly envisioned for artificial devices such as robots with chemical noses. To this end, seeking catalysts with reversibly switchable functions is promising but generally hampered by mismatched initial valence state of transition metal active centers and electronic structures. Herein, we report a graphitic C6N6-supported dual Cu/Zn single-atom catalyst with a synergistic effect (Cu/Zn-C6N6). It could not only rely on the Cu(I)/Cu(II) redox reaction with promotion from Zn to exhibit a remarkable superoxide dismutase-like (SOD) performance, but also activate Cu(I)/Cu(0) redox reaction to highly switch a marginable peroxidase-like (POD) activity, in which the initial oxidation state was transformed by a photoreduction. The multiformity of the cycles between different valence states for the same catalytic active center makes the reaction activity capable of being reversible switch, the switch efficiency can reach more than 90%. As a proof-of-concept application, Cu/Zn-C6N6 was further confined to a microfluidic chip and applied to a single-interface biosensor with reversibly switched ability in detecting xanthine and glucose in vitro.
Ru-nitrosyl complex salts as efficient catalysts for the reversible CO2 hydrogenation/FA dehydrogenation in ionic liquids
Authors: Correia José Tiago Menezes , Nori Valeria , Jørgensen Mike Steffen Bernhard , Nikol Alexander Tobias , Nielsen Martin
Published: November 2024

We demonstrate that bench-stable ruthenium-PNP nitrosyl complex salts with different counteranions (Cl-, BF4-, BPh4-, PF6-, and OTs-) and a ruthenium-POP nitrosyl complex are competent (pre-)catalysts for the CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid (FA) at low temperature in ionic liquids. Only little effect of variation of the counteranion was observed and weakly basic ionic liquids such as EMIM OAc, BMIM OAc, and EMIM HCO2 were suitable for this transformation, affording conversions up to 94 mol% formic acid compared to the ionic liquid (FA/IL) and turnover numbers (TONs) up to 1305. Importantly, the same catalytic system was also efficient for the dehydrogenation of formic acid back to CO2 and H2, affording conversions up to >95% (949 TON) after 3 h at 95 °C. To investigate the application of such protocol for hydrogen storage and transportation purposes, hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles were performed, showing that this new catalytic system can promote up to 10 reversible CO2 hydrogenation/FA dehydrogenation cycles before losing its activity.
Controlled Gel Toughening with Tetrafunctional Cyclobutane Mechanophores
Authors: Herzog-Arbeitman Abraham , Kevlishvili Ilia , Sen Devosmita , Lian Julianna , Chakraverty Joshika , Wang Shu , Olsen Bradley , Kulik Heather , Craig Stephen , Johnson Jeremiah
Published: November 2024

Customizing the toughness of single-network polymer gels independently of their composition and topology remains an unsolved challenge. Traditionally, polymer network toughening is achieved by using specialized monomers or solvents, or by adding secondary networks or fillers that substantially alter composition and may limit applications. Here, we report a new class of force-responsive molecules—tetrafunctional cyclobutanes (TCBs)—that enables the simple synthesis of end-linked gels with nearly identical compositions yet substantially decreased or increased toughness. This behavior is shown to arise from force-coupled chemo- and regio-selective TCB reaction pathways that are dependent on subtle changes in TCB substituents and that dictate bulk gel toughness through a topological descriptor we refer to as network strand continuity. This work introduces tetrafunctional mechanophores and the corresponding concepts of regio- and chemoselective force-coupled reactivity to the field of polymer network mechanochemistry, providing a new design concept for tuning the toughness of simple, commonly used single network gels.
Anomeric Selectivity of Glycosylations Through a Machine Learning Lens
Authors: Faurschou Natasha Videcrantz , Friis Victor , Raghavan Priyanka , Pedersen Christian Marcus , Coley Connor W.
Published: November 2024

Predicting the stereoselectivity of glycosylations is a major challenge in carbohydrate chemistry. Herein we show that it is possible to build machine learning models that can predict the major anomer of a glycosylation, whether the other anomer is observed as the minor product, and the anomeric ratio of the two anomers. The three models are integrated into a publicly available tool, GlycoPredictor. From a statistical analysis of literature data, we analyze glycosylation trends and compare them to known trends in the field of carbohydrate chemistry, making it possible to elucidate a hierarchy of rules governing the stereoselectivity of glycosylations and discover promising new trends that complement expert intuition.
Practical, Scalable Merging of Au(I)-Catalysis and Biocatalysis for the Synthesis of Chiral Amino Building-blocks from Alkynes
Authors: Daghmoum Meriem , Sabat Nazarii , Lecoq Meige , Viraize Thelma , GUINCHARD Xavier
Published: November 2024

Au(I)-catalyzed hydration of alkynes is followed with transaminase-catalyzed reductive amination, leading to enantioenriched chiral secondary amines. The approach features a one-pot reaction with no particular need for a compartmentalization strategy. Final functionalization performed in situ leads to a variety of chiral amines, pyrroles and pyrrolines obtained in high enantioselectivities. The method demonstrated applicability to the synthesis of bioactive drugs such as clobenzorex (44% yield, 3 steps, 96% ee) and a precursor of lidexamfetamine (34% yield, 3 steps dr, 98:2).
Earth-abundant manganese nitride catalysts for mild-condition ammonia synthesis
Authors: Qu Weiye , Roy Pranav , Wang Canhui , Bu Fan , Zhang Xinsui , He Zimin , Tsapatsis Michael , Bukowski Brandon C. , Wang Chao
Published: November 2024

Developing advanced catalytic materials for mild-condition ammonia (NH3) synthesis is essential for improving the energy efficiency of this key industrial process. Here, we report a ζ-phase manganese-nitride (MnN0.43) catalyst for low-temperature NH3 synthesis. The as-synthesized MnN0.43 catalyst is protected by a carbon shell, allowing for storage and processing of the air-sensitive metal nitride under ambient conditions. After activation in situ, the MnN0.43 catalyst exhibits high activity for NH3 synthesis at 250-350 °C, surpassing the conventional noble metal based Ru/MgO catalyst. A combination of kinetic, chemisorption and computational studies indicate that a nitrogen vacancy-mediated associative mechanism accounts for the catalytic enhancements. Our work highlights the great potential of earth-abundant transition metal nitrides for catalyzing mild-condition NH3 synthesis.
Two-Dimensional Size Exclusion-Reversed Phase Liquid Chromatography for Quantitative Analysis of L1 Proteins in Complex Vaccine Matrices
Authors: Arcinas Arthur J. , Larson Eli J. , Buchhalter Eric P. , Dunn Zachary D. , Wang Heather , Singh Andrew N. , Barrientos Rodell C. , Ukaegbu Ophelia , Mukherjee Malini , Appiah-Amponsah Emmanuel , Regalado Erik L.
Published: November 2024

The quantitation of L1 protein is an important metric during the pharmaceutical manufacturing of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines, as they are critical components of virus like proteins (VLPs) that form the core of the vaccine matrix. The L1 protein is present in multiple states, including monomer, multimer, capsomere, fully formed VLPs, as well as aggregate species, and their expression levels provides an important read-out of upstream productivity and downstream purification efficiency through the measurement of step yields. However, quantitation of total L1 is challenging not only due to its presence in multiple states, but also due to the matrix complexity and purification stage of the samples which spans complex lysate to cleaner post purification material. Current analytical methods typically implemented for L1 quantitation includes simple western, which has its advantages, but requires sensitive and robust antibodies and are highly dependent on binding to accessible and linear regions of the L1. Additionally, conventional one-dimensional separation of L1 is ineffective where L1 and host cell protein or cellular components coelute, particularly in high-complexity lysate samples and intermediates prior to chromatographic capture steps. Herein, we present a sample preparation strategy and analytical method that is capable of total L1 quantitation regardless of its multimeric state and is compatible with sample matrices ranging from crude lysate to purified samples, without the use of complicated and serotype-specific reagents. We employ reduction and heat-denaturation during sample preparation to simplify the multimeric states of L1 to its monomer form and utilize two-dimension liquid chromatography (2D-LC) with first dimension (1D) size exclusion and second dimension (2D) reversed phase separation modes and demonstrate a suitable method for total L1 quantitation in multiple process intermediate steps.