bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hacedoras de reyes. Influencia materna y conciencia reginal sobre el príncipe heredero en la Castilla Trastámara
Authors: Pelaz Flores Diana
Published: July 2020

La capacidad de la reina para asegurar el futuro de la monarquía a través de su descendencia es un elemento que le otorga un singular poder y, en consecuencia, le convierte en un personaje de autoridad. Se trata de un hecho que puede entenderse desde el vínculo maternofilial que se construye a propósito, pero también a la hora de respaldar la candidatura al trono de su heredero, pudiendo convertirse, además, en instrumento de la retórica monárquica. Este trabajo busca acercarse al papel materno de las reinas de la Casa Trastámara, dadas sus particularidades de acceso al gobierno, con el fin de comprender cómo se forja el diálogo entre masculinidad y feminidad en el ámbito del poder monárquico a través de la pareja regia que se configura entre madre e hijo.
Los fundamentos de la visualidad de la Templanza. Formación de su tipología iconográfica hasta el siglo XIV
Authors: Montesinos Castañeda María
Published: July 2020

La Templanza, como una de las Virtudes Cardinales, ha sido objeto de reflexión por parte de los pensadores desde la Antigüedad, cuando se sentaron las bases de este concepto. A pesar de la ausencia de unos claros precedentes visuales, la Templanza configuró su visualidad en el medievo al igual que sus compañeras. Dicha ausencia motivó una gran variedad de concreciones icónicas de esta virtud mediante diferentes y numerosos atributos. Las famosas “iconologías” no recogen la mayoría de estos atributos y tipos iconográficos, al igual que la bibliografía. Por este motivo, proponemos un estudio diacrónico de la visualidad de la Templanza desde sus orígenes hasta el siglo XIV, atendiendo al significado de sus atributos a partir de las fuentes escritas. Además, las combinaciones de atributos nos permiten ofrecer una propuesta de clasificación de los tipos iconográficos más frecuentes de la Templanza, concretados a partir de las concepciones teóricas del concepto.
L’ideale di santità di Ildegarda di Bingen (1098-1179)
Authors: Giannacco Valentina
Published: July 2020

L’ideale di santità di Ildegarda di Bingen emerge non soltanto dalle agiografie composte in onore di Disibodo e Ruperto, patroni dei due monasteri in cui l’agiografa visse, ma anche nella Symphonia armoniae celestium revelationum, un ciclo poetico-musicale in cui è ricostruita l’intera storia della Chiesa, dalle origini apostoliche fino alla nascita del monachesimo. Un ruolo fondamentale in questa ricostruzione è riservato a Maria e alla sua funzione materna. La Vergine ricongiunge la creazione del mondo veterotestamentaria alla rigenerazione del mondo avvenuta nel giorno dell’Incarnazione. Nel grembo di Maria e, quindi, in Cristo confluiscono tre livelli di lettura del testo del Genesi: la creazione (piano letterale), la Chiesa (piano allegorico) e il monachesimo (piano morale-tropologico). Anche Disibodo e Ruperto partecipano ai tre livelli dell’interpretazione genesiaca, ma in loro trova soprattutto spazio il piano morale. Sono, infatti, espressione dell’ascesa dell’uomo nel cammino di virtù, che ha come meta finale l’unione con Cristo.
Das representações às experiências femininas vividas:
Authors: Bonat Trevisan Mariana
Published: July 2020

No contexto nobiliárquico e da corte régia portuguesa de finais da Idade Média os papéis de gênero de homens e mulheres se afiguravam distintos, em que pesem as tentativas e possibilidades de privança junto ao rei de ambos os gêneros. Nesse âmbito, as figuras femininas das irmãs D. Leonor (1350-1386) e D. Maria (1338-1379) Teles de Meneses possibilitam a compreensão de distintas posições, estratégias, papéis e valores que mulheres da nobreza ibérica poderiam assumir no ambiente cortesão. D. Leonor conquistaria o rei D. Fernando e a posição de rainha de Portugal (a despeito de já ter contraído matrimônio e tido um filho com um nobre), obtendo grande participação nas decisões régias e no aumento da privança de sua linhagem junto à realeza. D. Maria Teles, viúva com patrimônio considerável, casaria com o irmão natural do rei, o infante D. João de Castro, para quem a união se mostrava vantajosa em termos principalmente patrimoniais.  Os destinos das irmãs Teles de Meneses, apesar de ligados à corte régia portuguesa seriam distintos, mesmo que ambos infelizes ao final. A irmãs e suas trajetórias seriam representadas na cronística de Fernão Lopes no século XV a partir de dois perfis femininos moralmente opostos, num contexto ligado à consolidação de uma imagem oficial da dinastia de Avis. A Casa Real e seu cronista partem da reconstrução do passado e de personagens portuguesas ligadas ao contexto da crise dinástica de 1383-1385 para fixar e legitimar sua ascensão ao trono.
Endoscopic sinus surgery for the removal of foreign body (root) from the maxillary antrum: Our experience
Authors: Al Nashawany Mohammed , Oluwafemi Olakunle Hassan , Kumar Ravi , Alhumaid Humaid , A Taha Eman , Parvez Shaukat , Sohbi Mohamed
Published: July 2020

Introduction: A 50-year-old edentulous patient was presented at the outpatient department with a two-year history of nasal regurgitation of fluids following a traumatic extraction and dislocation of the root into the left maxillary sinus. Examination revealed an oroantral fistula. This article describes the use of the functional endoscopic approach for the foreign body (root) removal as against the traditional Caldwell-Luc operation. This was followed-up with a two-layer soft tissue closure of the oroantral fistula resulting from the failed dental extraction.
Acute presentation of Leriche syndrome in United Arab Emirates: A case report
Authors: Sherif Askar Omar , H Noureldin Abdel , Chandrasekhar Nair Satish
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Aortoiliac occlusive disease or Leriche syndrome is a serious condition in which patients usually present with the triad of chronic symptoms consisting of claudication of the buttocks and thighs, absent or decreased femoral pulses, and impotence. Our report, first from the gulf region, describes an acute severe presentation of Leriche syndrome which resulted in mortality. This case report helps emergency room physicians in the diagnosis and management of acute presentation of aortoiliac occlusive disease, especially in international settings.
Case Report: A 32-year-old male presented to our emergency department as a referral from another hospital. He complained of severe back pain and bilateral leg weakness. The patient had two cardiac arrests, first one was in the operating room and died after the second arrest two days later in ICU.
Conclusion: It is critical that the examining physician place aortoiliac occlusive disease high on the differential during patient assessment, given that the rapidity of diagnosis and further management has significant impact on morbidity and mortality.
The development of a community reintegration outcome measure to assess people with stroke living in low socioeconomic areas
Authors: Douglas Morake Maleka , Aimee Vivienn Stewart , Leigh Ann Hale
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Aims: The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate an interview–administered questionnaire to assess community reintegration for black people with stroke in low socioeconomic rural and urban South African communities. Methods: A sequential mixed methods design was used. A qualitative approach using semi–structured interviews with adults with stroke and/or their caregivers was undertaken to conceptualize and generate community reintegration interview items. Thereafter quantitative methods including the Delphi technique, nominal groups, factor analysis and internal consistency statistics were used to test the validity and reliability of the outcome measure. Results: Thirty–two interviews (13 urban, 19 rural) generated 67 items. These were reduced to 44 categorized under eight domains during three rounds of the Delphi technique and two nominal group meetings. Factor analysis (FA) and internal consistency statistics on the remaining items, resulted in a two part outcome measure, one for a rural and the other an urban community. The internal consistency of both measures was good (alpha coefficient = 0.95). The new outcome measure, the Maleka Stroke Community Reintegration Measure (M–SCRIM) was compared to the Subjective Index of Physical and Social Outcomes to establish construct validity (urban r = 0.88, p lessthan 0.001; rural r = 0.95, p lessthan 0.001). Conclusion: The M–SCRIM is a valid, reliable interview–administered measure to assess community reintegration following stroke for people living in low socioeconomic communities in South Africa. With further refinement it could be validated for use in other developing countries with similar cultures.
Corn Response to an Integrated Plant Nutrition System (IPNS) With Humic Acid and Biofertilizers
Authors: Filho Jose F. Da Cunha Leme , Thomason Wade E. , Evanylo Gregory K. , Zhang Xunzhong , Strickland Michael S. , Chim Bee K. , Bermand Cameron , Diatta Andre
Published: July 2020

Sustainable agriculture production depends on the development of methods that optimize nutrient cycling, minimize use of external inputs, and maximize input use efficiency according to the conditions of each region. The principle of an integrated plant nutrition system (IPNS) is to tailor plant nutrition and soil fertility management, taking advantage of the combined and harmonious use of inorganic, organic and biological resources. This greenhouse study investigated the individual and combined use of inorganic, organic and biological fertilizer resources for corn (Zea mays L.). We evaluated the effects of commercial synthetic fertilizer, humic acid products, compost/manure teas and bioinoculant as inorganic, organic and biological resources, respectively, and their synergy on corn growth and soil respiration parameters under a period of water stress. The pots were laid out in completely randomized design and the total of sixteen treatment combinations were replicated four times. In general, when comparing to the control values, the use of humic acid (HA), biofertilizers and the integration of both compounds generated significantly greater early season plant height, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency and shoot/root dry biomass. The soil substrate induced respiration was affected by only one biofertilizer product at two different rates. Though all pots received adequate synthetic fertilizer, the control plants were generally smaller and less vigorous compared to the plants receiving either HA or biofertilizer treatments, but no additive benefit was observed for the integrated practice compared to individual applications. Further studies addressing different types and levels of stress along with greater stress duration should be conducted to validate these findings.
Measuring the Thermal Comfort and the Sound Level in Design Studio Classes in Architecture Engineering Colleges
Authors: Khogali Hind Abdelmoneim , Altuwijr Mohammad , Alshaikh Wadhah , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Alrasheed Almohaimeed-saleha , Aloyuni Meznah , Almutiri Alhanouf
Published: July 2020

Thermal comfort is one of the most important topics in the course Environmental Control, ARC404 assign to Architecture program in the college of architecture Engineering and Digital Design, 6 students in this course will share in the research, will distribute in three groups. This research is aiming to let the students learn and practice how to measure the thermal comfort in-studio classes focusing on the temperature, the humidity, and the noise, analysing and find solutions. The methodology of the research is based on using monitor devices; noise level smart meter, smart temperature and humidity measurement meter with data analysis by using Excel computer program as well as, distrusting a survey to know the user’s opinion. The college has three types of a studio class, one facing the courtyard, with large glass window, the second at the middle of the corridor with high-level window, the third one is far away from the courtyard without any window. The results compared by The United Nation Environut Protection Agency (EPA) noise levels. The results show that the studio class CBC09 level of sound exceed 60 dB which consider as noise. Also, the class CBC01 is the most comfortable class because of 25 C° temperature, 40% humidity and 55 DB the sound level is also exceed the limit by EPA. The conclusion of the research paper will highlight some scientific solutions in walls, ceiling and floors for the studio classes to be applied in the future.
Um estudo exploratório sobre a viabilidade de um modelo híbrido de plano de saúde com acumulação
Authors: Cataldi Flávia Regina , Afonso Luís Eduardo
Published: July 2020

O objetivo desse estudo é analisar a viabilidade de um modelo híbrido de custeio de plano de saúde, em que os dispêndios ao longo da vida são financiados por meio da acumulação de recursos ao longo da vida ativa, por parte do próprio segurado. Foram utilizados os microdados do suplemento de saúde da PNAD, visando quantificar a frequência anual das consultas e das internações, bem como a renda média dos possíveis segurados. Também foi empregado o Painel de Precificação da ANS de 2016, do qual foram obtidas as informações de severidade dos eventos, ou seja, o preço médio das consultas e das internações, por faixa etária. Foram calculadas as despesas médicas anuais de indivíduos representativos, por gênero e faixa de renda. Foram elaborados quatro modelos de acumulação, respeitando o princípio de justiça atuarial no que se refere à relação entre pagamentos e despesas. No primeiro, o valor da contribuição é fixo. No segundo, define-se a contribuição como percentual fixo da renda do segurado. No terceiro, as alíquotas são crescentes no decorrer da vida. No quarto modelo, além de financiar os gastos com saúde, o montante acumulado pelo segurado, também é empregado para custear o recebimento de uma anuidade ao final da vida ativa. Os resultados evidenciam que o produto não é viável para a maioria dos casos analisados. A única exceção são os indivíduos de renda alta, que apresentaram em todos os métodos menos do que 20% da renda destinado às despesas médicas.
Effects of physiotherapy after surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Magoń Grzegorz , Strzelec Aneta , Georgiew Filip
Published: July 2020

The persistence symptoms of carpal
tunnel syndrome causes patients to
undergo surgical decompression of the
median nerve. The resulting dysfunctions
require postoperative physiotherapy.
The aim of the study was to assess the
effects of physiotherapy on pain,
ROM of wrist and forearm, the
results of the Phalen and Durkan
tests, and the strength of the operated
hand.
Material and method. A group of 30
patients was included in the study,
including 28 women and 2 men. The
ROM of the wrist joint and forearm was
measured with a goniometer, and pain
with the VAS scale. Phalen and Durkan
tests and functional test were carried
out.
Results: physiotherapy has a positive
effect on reducing the intensity of pain, improve the ROM of the wrist joint and
forearm and the functional capacity of
the hand in patients after surgical
treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome.
Assessment of the occurrence of pain in the cervical spine and knowledge
of physiotherapy and computer science students about Text Neck Syndrome
Authors: PIĘTA Joanna , KUŻDŻAŁ Adrian , ZAGÓRSKI Aleksander
Published: July 2020

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess
the frequency of cervical spine pain and
students' knowledge about Text Neck
Syndrome.

Material and research methodology. The study covered 150 students of Physiotherapy and Computer Science, aged 18 - 26. The study used questionnaire consisting of 24 questions, as well as the NDI (Neck Disability Index) questionnaire.

Results. The research have shown, that 69% of respondents have experienced cervical spine pain in their lives. Almost half of the students have heard about Text Neck Syndrome. A relationship between the frequency of neck pain and the age at which neck pain appeared for the first time, physical activity, the number of hours spent using the cell phone and the position taken while using the phone as well as the position taken at work were demonstrated . The relationship between the sum of points obtained in the NDI questionnaire and the number of hours allocated to using a mobile phone was also demonstrated.

Conclusions. Most students have experienced cervical spine pain in their lives. Many factors affect the incidence of neck pain. Almost half of the respondents heard about Text Neck Syndrome. The use of cell phones affects the pain and level of cervical spine dysfunction.
How to examine surface skin sensation - practical quidance
Authors: GEORGIEW Filip , OTFINOWSKA Ewa
Published: July 2020

Sensations accompany us in our
daily lives. They allow a man to gather
information about the changes occurring in the external environment. Thanks to
then, we can primarily feel pain, touch,
temperature (heat, cold). Within a few
years we developed different methods
and measuring instruments. However,
still the era of medicine and
biotechnology scientists are still puzzled
on finding the best way on measuring the
slightest stimulus intensity, causing
sensory impression and thus the
sophistication of such a method that best
shows the change this threshold.
Obliterative inflammation of the joint capsule. A literature review.
Part 1. Epidemiology and diagnostics
Authors: RIDAN Tomasz , BĄK Marcin
Published: July 2020

Obliterative inflammation of the joint
capsule (the so-called frozen shoulder,
inflammation or irritation of a synovial
bursa) is a disease consisting of a
progressive loss of mobility in the
shoulder joint. The essence of the
disease is, depending on the author,
fibrosis or inflammation accompanied
by severe pain and restriction of passive
and active range of mobility. The aim of
the study was to present epidemiology
a n d d i a g n o s t i c s o f o b l i t e r a t i v e
inflammation of the joint capsule based
on the available current Polish and
English language literature. The authors
reviewed publications, available in
professional literature. Scientific
publications were searched based on the
following databases: PubMed, Google
Scholar, ResearchGate and Cochrane.
The analysis includes the latest studies
on the topic, narrowing the publication
date of the article from 2010.
Obliterative inflammation of the joint capsule. A literature review.
Part 2. Physiotherapeutic procedures
Authors: RIDAN Tomasz , BĄK Marcin
Published: July 2020

Obliterative inflammation of the
joint capsule is a disorder consisting of
progressive loss of active and passive
mobility in the brachial-scapula joint,
accompanied by strong pain sensations
which worsen at night. The primary
type of the disease is idiopathic, the
secondary type is associated with comorbid
diseases. The condition of an
effective rehabilitation is to make an
accurate diagnosis, and the therapy
program depends on the type of the
disease and the period of the disease.
Surgical methods, such as arthroscopic
capsuloligamentatomy, manipulation
under anaesthesia, pharmacological and
conservative treatments, are used in the
treatment. The main goals of treatment
are: eradication or reduction of pain, improvement of the mobility of the
shoulder joint, improvement of the
strength of the muscle acting on the
joint. The methodology of the study is
based on a review of the current Polish
and English language literature,
available in scientific databases,
such as: PubMed, Google Scholar,
ResearchGate and Cochrane. The works
published in the period 2010-2018 were
analyzed. There were found 50 items on
the topic, of which 30 were used for the
final analysis, the remaining 20 items
were rejected due to the publication date
earlier than 2010.
Wpływ wadliwego użytkowania
sali sportowej na stan techniczny dźwigarów z drewna klejonego
Authors: Błaszczyński Tomasz Z. , Antończuk Igor
Published: July 2020

Aby móc cieszyć się bezpieczeństwem konstrukcji
z drewna klejonego przez długie lata, niezbędne jest właściwe podejście obliczeniowe podczas ich projektowania, odpowiednie wykonawstwo podczas ich wznoszenia, a także zapewnienie prawidłowego ich użytkowania. Nieczęsto się słyszy o awarii lub katastrofie konstrukcji w wyniku błędnego lub złego jej użytkowania. Awaria lub katastrofa w wyniku błędów projektowych czy wykonawczych następuje najczęściej w trakcie budowy lub zaraz po wykonaniu obiektu. Zupełnie inaczej jest w przypadku niewłaściwej jego eksploatacji. Skutki tej sytuacji mogą się ujawnić nawet po wielu latach. Przykładem może być tu jedna z gminnych hal sportowych, która jest tematem niniejszego artykułu.
Ocena komfortu pieszego na kładkach.
Case study
Authors: Banaś Anna
Published: July 2020

Trend w projektowaniu nowych kładek dla pieszych wymaga, aby były one coraz bardziej „wyszukane” i lekkie. Bardzo często jednak z tego powodu obiekty te mają pierwszą częstotliwość giętną pomostu zbliżoną do wymuszenia chodem pieszego. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono trzy konstrukcje kładek dla pieszych. Każda z nich znalazła się w innej grupie narażenia na wystąpienie drgań rezonansowych, z uwagi na pierwszą częstotliwość drgań giętnych pomostu. Przeprowadzone badania pokazały, że kładka nad drogą S8, która znajdowała się w wysokiej grupie ryzyka, bez względu na sposób wymuszenia spełnia najwyższy poziom komfortu. W przypadku kładki w Bydgoszczy, która znalazła się w średniej grupie ryzyka, poziomy przyspieszeń były znacznie większe. Przy wymuszeniach synchronicznych zapewniały często tylko minimalny komfort jej użytkownikom. W przypadku kładki w Gdyni, mimo stosunkowo wysokiej wartości częstotliwości drgań własnych i niskiego ryzyka wystąpienia rezonansu, nawet dla bardzo małych grup pieszych, przyspieszenia były na bardzo wysokim poziomie. Kładka w normalnych warunkach eksploatacji zapewnia użytkownikom minimalny komfort. Przy wymuszeniach synchronicznych poziom komfortu jest już jednak nieakceptowalny. Przeprowadzone analizy i badania pokazują, że jednym z kluczowych elementów etapu projektowania jest analiza dynamiczna.
Un esquema para el análisis del fascismo
Authors: Pastor Manuel
Published: July 2020

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Notas sobre las elecciones al Senado en Alicante y Oviedo
Authors: Castillo Pilar del
Published: July 2020

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Galdós y el episodio nacional Montes de Oca
Authors: Tierno Galván Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Modelos históricos del fascismo (II)
Authors: Pastor Manuel
Published: July 2020

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Una reciente aportación de la doctrina italiana a la teoría de la Constitución : la ingeniería costitucional
Authors: Lucas Verdú Pablo
Published: July 2020

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Constitución nueva y leyes viejas
Authors: Varela Santiago , Satrústegui Miguel
Published: July 2020

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Las elecciones italianas bajo el fuego de la crítica
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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Selección de ponencias del XXVIII Congreso del PSOE, celebrado en Madrid del 17 al 20 de mayo de 1979
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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Del Estado Unitario al proceso autonómico : su proceso
Authors: Ferrando Badía Juan
Published: July 2020

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La interpretación estatutaria del sistema constitucional de distribución de competencias
Authors: Muñoz Machado Santiago
Published: July 2020

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Dificultades
Authors: Murillo Ferrol Francisco
Published: July 2020

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¿Derecha, izquierda o centro? Sobre la legitimación de los partidos y coaliciones en el sur de europa (II)
Authors: Di Palma Giuseppe
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones presidenciales en Irán
Authors: Del Castillo Vera Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones legislativas en Canadá
Authors: Del Castillo Vera Pilar
Published: July 2020

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III Congreso Nacional de Alianza Popular
Authors: - -
Published: July 2020

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La Corte constitucional italiana : ¿modelo o advertencia?
Authors: Rodríguez-Zapata Jorge
Published: July 2020

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Algunos problemas de interpretación en torno al Titulo X de la Constitución
Authors: Jiménez Campo Javier
Published: July 2020

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El concepto de representación territorial en la Constitución española de 1978
Authors: Punset Ramón
Published: July 2020

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Sentencias y autos del Tribunal Supremo y resoluciones de la Dirección General de los Registros en que se citan, estudian o aplican preceptos constitucionales (enero-marzo 1980)
Authors: Linde Paniagua Enrique
Published: July 2020

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Geografía social del turismo. Una mirada crítica a la percepción del turismo y a su representación espacial
Authors: Fernández-Arroyo López-Manzanares Alfonso
Published: July 2020

La Geografía Social del Turismo surge de una perspectiva sociológica en la aplicación del enfoque geográfico y aproximación al turismo. La novedad del término a nivel internacional revela el escaso recorrido de la crítica y la teoría social, así como de la irreflexión geográfica en este campo de estudios. El objeto de la investigación es un espacio social del turismo, representación espacial de un conocimiento-emancipación para proyectar un cambio social, una producción del espacio al margen de la racionalidad regulada por el mercado capitalista y su pedagogía neoliberal.

Social Geography of Tourism arises from a sociological perspective in the application of the geographical approach and his proximity to tourism. The originality of the term at the international level reveals the limited spread of criticism and social theory and, especially, geographical thoughtlessness in this field of studies. The object of this research is a social space of tourism, a spatial representation of a knowledge-emancipation to create a social change, a production of space outside the rationality regulated by the capitalist market and its neoliberalism pedagogy.
El turismo procedente de Argentina en Uruguay: un análisis comportamental cuantitativo
Authors: Martín Roda Eva , Sassano Luiz Silvana
Published: July 2020

El alto volumen de turistas que llegan a Uruguay procedentes desde Argentina, genera un alto impacto espacial, social y económico en ese país, caracterizado por una fuerte estacionalidad. El presente artículo realiza un análisis comportamental cuantitativo fundamentado en los datos procedentes de las encuestas aleatorias realizadas por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay a los turistas internacionales a su entrada en el país, analizándose factores como: origen geográfico, transporte utilizado, destino principal, lugar de entrada, características sociológicas entre otras variables.

The large volume of tourists arriving in Uruguay, coming from Argentina, generate a high spatial, social and economic impact in that country. This impact has a strong seasonality. This article makes a quantitative analysis of the behavior of these flows. The analysis uses data from random surveys made to international tourists upon entering the country, by the National Statistics Institute of Uruguay. The surveys examine factors such as geographic origin, transportation used to enter, the main destination in this country, the place of entry to Uruguay and some sociological characteristics, among another variables.
Análisis de la sostenibilidad en emprendimientos turísticos ubicados en áreas rurales y naturales. Estudios de caso en la provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina
Authors: Toselli Claudia , Takáts Andrea , Traverso Luciana
Published: July 2020

Este artículo surge a partir de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado en el marco de una red conformada por dos universidades argentinas y una universidad de Brasil. El objetivo principal ha sido analizar los criterios de sostenibilidad aplicados al desarrollo del turismo, tomando como estudios de caso, emprendimientos ubicados en áreas rurales y naturales de ambos países. A continuación se presentará la metodología y los resultados de cuatro sitios seleccionados en la provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina, en los cuales se aplicó un instrumento que incluye indicadores relativos a la Gestión Sostenible, Socioeconómicos, de Patrimonio Cultural, y Ambiental.

This article is about a research project developed within the framework of a network formed by two Argentine universities and one university of Brazil. The main objective has been to analyze the sustainability criteria applied to the development of tourism, taking as case studies, tourist private management sites located in rural and natural areas of both countries. It will be developed the methodology and results of four selected sites in Entre Ríos province, Argentina, where an instrument that includes indicators related to sustainable management, socioeconomic, cultural heritage, and environment was applied.
Adolfo Blanco Lucas: «Queríamos tener la capacidad de llegar a los espectadores sin depender de terceros»
Authors: Clares-Gavilán Judith
Published: July 2020

Os presentamos, a continuación, la segunda parte de la entrevista que mantuvimos con Adolfo Blanco Lucas, CEO de A contracorriente Films, sobre la huella que dejará la crisis de la COVID-19 en la industria del cine y sobre el impacto de las plataformas de SVOD en el mercado nacional. Y más en concreto, sobre la iniciativa Sala Virtual de Cine, que pusieron en marcha a principios de abril con el preestreno de la película Vivarium.
A Casting Mould for Rapid Tube Hydroforming Prototyping
Authors: Kochański Andrzej , Sadłowska Hanna
Published: July 2020

In recent years, hydroforming has clearly expanded its range of industrial applications due to the growing interest in products which combine high strength with low weight. A current limitation of this technology was its economically justified production volume since the costs of producing tools eliminates the possibility of using hydroforming technology in prototype and single part production. The paper presents a freshly patented solution that allows for single part hydroforming. The new technology combines traditional hydroforming machines with a new approach to tool production. The new rapid die is made quickly and cheaply. The use of materials known from the production of foundry moulds causes the die to deform during hydroforming, but it is a controlled deformation. Thanks to the use of numerical modelling, the deformation of the mould cavity is predicted and taken into account at the design stage. The article presents important issues that need to be considered in the design of this innovative process.
Large-scale language analysis of peer review reports
Authors: Buljan Ivan , Garcia-Costa Daniel , Grimaldo Francisco , Squazzoni Flaminio , Marušić Ana
Published: July 2020

Peer review is often criticized for being flawed, subjective and biased, but research into peer review has been hindered by a lack of access to peer review reports. Here we report the results of a study in which text-analysis software was used to determine the linguistic characteristics of 472,449 peer review reports. A range of characteristics (including analytical tone, authenticity, clout, three measures of sentiment, and morality) were studied as a function of reviewer recommendation, area of research, type of peer review and reviewer gender. We found that reviewer recommendation had the biggest impact on the linguistic characteristics of reports, and that area of research, type of peer review and reviewer gender had little or no impact. The lack of influence of research area, type of review or reviewer gender on the linguistic characteristics is a sign of the robustness of peer review.
Biodiversity of carapace epibiont diatoms in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta Linnaeus 1758) in the Aegean Sea Turkish coast
Authors: Kaleli Aydın , Car Ana , Witkowski Andrzej , Krzywda Marta , Riaux-Gobin Catherine , Solak Cüneyt Nadir , Kaska Yakup , Zgłobicka Izabela , Płociński Tomasz , Wróbel Rafał , Kurzydłowski Krzysztof
Published: July 2020

Background

The Aegean Sea coast of Turkey hosts one of the most important nesting grounds for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Mediterranean Sea. Previous studies have revealed that the sea turtle carapace provides favourable conditions for various epibiontic organisms. Epibionts occurring on the carapace have been examined from different locations in the oceans.

Methods

This is the first time such a high number (39) of samples collected from nesting turtles during such a long time period (extending from 2011 to 2018) has been used for the study of the diatom component of the microbiome on the turtle carapaces. A total of 33 samples were investigated in terms of light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Six unprocessed biofilm fragments were subject to SEM observations.

Results

A total of 457 epizoic diatom taxa belonging to 86 genera were identified. Epizoic forms, e.g., Achnanthes spp., Chelonicola spp. or Tripterion spp. (also identified by SEM observations of the undisturbed pieces of the microbiome) dominated in terms of relative abundance, but the highest numbers of taxa were ubiquitously represented by Navicula (79), Nitzschia (45), Amphora (40), Cocconeis (32), Diploneis (25) and Mastogloia (23). Navicula perminuta and Delphineis australis were the most frequent taxa, present in 65% of the samples, both with an average relative abundance of 10%. The results of our study revealed that diatoms are an essential component of the loggerhead sea turtles’ microbiome, in terms of high biodiversity and abundance. Although strict epibionts provide a signature of the turtle microbiome, the carapace as a solid substrate attracts numerous benthic diatom species which are considered opportunistic forms and can be found in the surrounding benthic habitats of the vast ocean littoral space.
An updated genetic marker for detection of Lake Sinai Virus and metagenetic applications
Authors: Iwanowicz Deborah D. , Wu-Smart Judy Y. , Olgun Tugce , Smart Autumn H. , Otto Clint R.V. , Lopez Dawn , Evans Jay D. , Cornman Robert
Published: July 2020

Background

Lake Sinai Viruses (LSV) are common RNA viruses of honey bees (Apis mellifera) that frequently reach high abundance but are not linked to overt disease. LSVs are genetically heterogeneous and collectively widespread, but despite frequent detection in surveys, the ecological and geographic factors structuring their distribution in A. mellifera are not understood. Even less is known about their distribution in other species. Better understanding of LSV prevalence and ecology have been hampered by high sequence diversity within the LSV clade.

Methods

Here we report a new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that is compatible with currently known lineages with minimal primer degeneracy, producing an expected 365 bp amplicon suitable for end-point PCR and metagenetic sequencing. Using the Illumina MiSeq platform, we performed pilot metagenetic assessments of three sample sets, each representing a distinct variable that might structure LSV diversity (geography, tissue, and species).

Results

The first sample set in our pilot assessment compared cDNA pools from managed A. mellifera hives in California (n = 8) and Maryland (n = 6) that had previously been evaluated for LSV2, confirming that the primers co-amplify divergent lineages in real-world samples. The second sample set included cDNA pools derived from different tissues (thorax vs. abdomen, n = 24 paired samples), collected from managed A. mellifera hives in North Dakota. End-point detection of LSV frequently differed between the two tissue types; LSV metagenetic composition was similar in one pair of sequenced samples but divergent in a second pair. Overall, LSV1 and intermediate lineages were common in these samples whereas variants clustering with LSV2 were rare. The third sample set included cDNA from individual pollinator specimens collected from diverse landscapes in the vicinity of Lincoln, Nebraska. We detected LSV in the bee Halictus ligatus (four of 63 specimens tested, 6.3%) at a similar rate as A. mellifera (nine of 115 specimens, 7.8%), but only one H. ligatus sequencing library yielded sufficient data for compositional analysis. Sequenced samples often contained multiple divergent LSV lineages, including individual specimens. While these studies were exploratory rather than statistically powerful tests of hypotheses, they illustrate the utility of high-throughput sequencing for understanding LSV transmission within and among species.
Effects of Land Degradation on Poverty among Farmers in Southern Parts of Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Bwala Alan M. , Umar Abba S. S. , Shettima Baba G.
Published: July 2020

The study analyzed the effects of land degradation on poverty among farmers in Southern Part of Borno State, Nigeria. Using multistage sampling technique, 120 farming households were sampled from 20 villages spread across five Local Government Areas in Southern part of the State. The households’ expenditure, value of free natural resources, causes of land degradation and information on the household livelihood-related factors dominated the bulk of the data. The data were analyzed using Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) model and Probit regression model. A poverty line of N8588.48 was estimated and was enough to provide households with basic requirements per month for existence (food and non-food). Based on this poverty line of N8588.48, the FGT measure showed that 64% of the farming households in the study area were poor; the average depth of the poor households from the poverty line was 48% of the poverty line, while 22% of the poor farming households were severely poor. The probit regression revealed that quantity of fire-wood collected (0.061), duration of grazing (0.010), burning of crop residues (0.023), soil erosion (0.091) and flooding (0.051) were all positive and significant. On the other hand, fallowing period (-0.032) and knowledge of conservation (-0.087) were both negative and significant. The study therefore recommended that policies should be geared up towards minimizing fuel wood consumption through establishing alternative energy sources such as technologies that utilizes ample solar and wind energies.
The Potential Role of Ki-67 Index in the Prognosis of Breast Cancer and Its Relation to Molecular Subtypes in Egyptian Females with Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohammed F. Z. , Gamal Lamis , Mosa Mohamed Farouk , Aref Mohamed Ibraheim
Published: July 2020

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a well-documented major cause of female morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ongoing research era is focusing on the establishment of diagnostic and prognostic markers, helping for early pick up of the cases, proper prognosis evaluation and clarifying reliable treatment strategy.

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the role of  Ki-67 as prognostic marker for breast cancer  in Egyptian females population.

Patients and Methods: 120 BC patients and 30 age and BMI matching health controls are the subjects of the study, Ki-67 index values were investigated by immunohistochemistry that was performed on 5-lm slides of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded archival tumor tissue (core needle biopsy samples). Antigen retrieval was performed in a micro-oven in citrate buffer pH 6 for 20 minutes. Ki-67–stained slides were captured digitally at a hot spot at 3200 magnification. The Ki-67 labeling index was measured using digital image analysis software. Image analysis was performed by an experienced pathologist. Ki-67 index values were correlated with the clinicopathologic aspects of the BC patients.

Results: Our study showed that Ki-67 index values revealed gradual increase with disease severity and correlated with poor prognosis aspects.

Conclusion: Ki-67 index values are shown to be associated with breast cancer prognosis,  supporting their role as prognostic biomarkers.
Bioreduction of Heavy Metals Concentration from Tannery Polluted Soil by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus aculeatus
Authors: Abdullahi Y. B. , Ridwan A. H. , Zainab A. H. , Mohammed S. S. D.
Published: July 2020

Reduction of Heavy metals content from the polluted soil by tanneries in sokoto metropolitan using slurry of fungi A. aculeatus, A. niger and co-slurry of both was evaluated. Heavy metal Cu, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr content was determined in duplicate using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) up to 12 weeks. The reduction mean ranged was 6.51-9.09 mg/kg, 3.57-9.33 mg/kg and 2.12-10.12 mg/kg Cu for fungi carrying A. aculeatus, A. niger and co-slurry respectively while Cd, Ni and Pb were removed in all the setup. Chromium was decreased most especially in the co-slurry of both fungi 22.10-113.25 mg/kg. Meanwhile, Heavy metal contents in all the setups were different from the control. The study reveals local tanneries utilized many synthetic chemicals for use in their production which becomes detrimental to our soil environment.
Review on Ethno-botany, Virucidal Activity, Phytochemistry and Toxicology of Solanum genus: Potential Bio-resources for the Therapeutic Management of Covid-19
Authors: Ngbolua Koto-te-Nyiwa , Mbadiko Clement M. , Matondo Aristote , Bongo Gedeon N. , Inkoto Clement L. , Gbolo Benjamin Z. , Lengbiye Emmanuel M. , Kilembe Jason T. , Mwanangombo Domaine T. , Ngoyi Etienne M. , Falanga Clarisse M. , Tshibangu Damien S. T. , Tshilanda Dorothee D. , Mpiana Pius T.
Published: July 2020

Background and Aim: Condiment plants are not only a source of food, flavors or food additives but also antivirals. The aim of the present work consisted in compiling ethno-botanical, phytochemical, toxicological and biological activities literature data reported on some species of the Solanum genus, precisely their antiviral potential.

Methodology: The literature review was based mainly on the usual databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, SCIELO, DOAJ, Science alert and Google scholar.

Results: The ethnobotanical studies show that Solanum species are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments, particularly those affecting the respiratory system. With regard to studies on their bioactivity, the literature indicates that the Solanum genus is full of species used in food and/or traditional medicine, in most cases presenting several biological properties such as antiviral potential. Among the viruses sensitive to extracts from Solanum species, are: Herpes virus type 1 or 2, viral hepatitis virus and HIV. Some phytochemical studies identified several compounds responsible for the antiviral activity, but polyphenolic compounds precisely glycoalkaloids have been shown to interact with SARS-CoV-2 protease such as quercetin, kaempferol and apigenin in some Solanum species (S. melongena, S. nigrum and S. torvum). Furthermore, the immunostimulant, haematopoietic or antioxidant potentials of some species of Solanum genus would be an asset for the management of Covid-19. There is little or no information in the literature on the toxicity of Solanum species used as food or drugs in traditional medicine.

Conclusion: The antiviral activity of Solanum species is linked to the presence of polyphenolic compounds. It is advisable to consume these Solanum species which are less toxic during this pandemic as they are considered to be nutraceuticals. Molecular docking study of the interaction of these compounds with SARS-CoV-2 protease is in progress.
Risk Factors for Placental Malaria and Birth Weight Outcome among Pregnant Women Attending Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital, Moshi North Eastern Tanzania
Authors: Mariki Grace A. , Chilongola Jaffu O.
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine the Prevalence and Risk Factors for Placental Malaria and its associated effects on Pregnancy Outcome among Pregnant Women in Mawenzi Regional Referral Hospital in Kilimanjaro Region.

Methodology: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study. We derived our study sample from previous survey of 700 pregnant women who attended labor ward at MRRH between 2018- 2019 in which we obtained study subjects by random sampling. The study included 350 subjects. We extracted data from the dataset using data extraction sheet and was analyzed using IBM SPSS software version 24. Chi–square was performed and we accepted an error of 5% level P<0.05 was the cut off for statistical significance.

Results: The prevalence of PM was 7.1% among the pregnant women in the study area. Primigravida had more cases of PM (11%) as compared to multigravida (2.7%). Pregnant women who had gestation age below 37 weeks attributed more cases of PM (9.6%) as compared to 6.7% of PM infections in pregnant women at gestation age of 37 weeks and above. Low birth-weight was estimated at 32% of all subjects who were identified with PM as compared to 6.2% of subjects without placental malaria and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Gestational age of less than 37 weeks was associated with LBW with proportion of 21% among women with PM and it has strong statistical significance of P (<0.001). The use of bed nets was associated with PM among the non-user at 28% P (<0.001).

Conclusion: PM is still a major public health problem in low malaria endemic areas and the groups at risk are women who are Primigravida, women not using bed nets and women who gives birth at gestation age of <37 weeks. We recommend more studies on PM in low endemic.
Capsicum Derived Phytochemicals against Shikimate Dehydrogenase of Haemophilus influenza causing Bronchitis
Authors: Hota Debesh Kumar , Nayak Debadatta , Swain Sitaram , Bhattacharyay Dipankar
Published: July 2020

Phytochemicals from Capsicum plant extract are traditionally used to cure Bronchitis. It is caused by Haemophilus influenzae. Molecular docking method applied using “Biovia Discovery Studio”. “High positive values of -CDOCKER energy and -CDOCKER interaction energy” suggested that Apigenin can effectively deactivate the Shikimate dehydrogenase enzyme thereby interrupting the life cycle of the organism.
Retracted: Exosomal miR‐1255b‐5p targets human telomerase reverse transcriptase in colorectal cancer cells to suppress epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhang Xue , Bai Jian , Yin Hang , Long Long , Zheng Zhewen , Wang Qingqing , Chen Fengxia , Yu Xiaoyan , Zhou Yunfeng
Published: July 2020

Cancer cells undergo epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to hypoxia. Exosomes produced in tumor microenvironments carry microRNAs (miRNAs) that affect proliferation, metastasis, and EMT. Hypoxic regulation of EMT is associated with telomerase content and stability, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We identified a targeting relationship between tumor‐suppressing miR‐1255b‐5p and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) via clinical screening of serum samples in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. EMT suppression via exosomal miR‐1255b‐5p delivery was investigated by assessing hTERT expression, Wnt/β‐catenin signaling, and telomerase activity. We revealed that hypoxia directly affected exosomal miR‐1255b‐5p content, the delivery of which between CRC cells significantly impacted cell invasion, EMT‐related protein expression, and telomerase stability. Specifically, miR‐1255b‐5p suppressed EMT by inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin activation via hTERT inhibition. Hypoxia reduced exosomal miR‐1255b‐5p secretion by CRC cells, thereby increasing hTERT expression to enhance EMT and telomerase activity. In a mouse CRC model, hypoxic exosomes containing overexpressed miR‐1255b‐5p attenuated EMT, tumor progression, and liver metastasis. Our results suggest the antitumor role of miR‐1255b‐5p and its involvement in the regulation of hTERT‐mediated EMT. We propose that miRNA‐targeted regulation of telomerase is a promising therapeutic strategy for future CRC treatment.
Umpolung Strategy for α,α’‐Functionalization of Ketones with 2‐Aminothiophenols: Stereoselective Access to Spirobis(1,4‐benzothiazines)
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Retailleau Pascal
Published: July 2020

In the presence of TFA as a strong acid catalyst in DMSO, α,α’‐enolizable ketones were found to be stereoselectively α,α’‐functionalized with 2‐aminothiophenols to provide spirobis(1,4‐benzothiazine) derivatives.

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