bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
İkincil Travmatik Stres ile Strese Bağlı Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkide Kendi Kendine Stres Yapmanın Rolü
Authors: Yazıcı-kabadayı Sema
Published: August 2024

Bu araştırmada sosyal medya kullanıcısı genç yetişkinlerin ikincil travmatik stres düzeyleri ile strese bağlı büyüme deneyimleri arasındaki ilişkide kendi kendine stres yapmanın aracı rolü incelenmiştir. Araştırmaya yaş ortalaması 21,39 olan 79’u erkek, 225’i kadın olmak üzere 304 katılımcı dâhil edilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Sosyal Medya Kullanıcıları İçin İkincil Travmatik Stres Ölçeği, Kendi Kendine Stres Yapma Ölçeği ve Strese Bağlı Büyüme Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS ve JASP paket programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t-testi, korelasyon ve aracılık testinden yararlanılmıştır. Bulgular ikincil travmatik stres ile kendi kendine stres yapma puanları açısından kadın ve erkekler arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca kendi kendine stres yapma ve ikincil travmatik stres ile strese bağlı büyüme arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişkiler bulunurken kendi kendine stres yapma ile ikincil travmatik stres arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak ikincil travmatik stres ile strese bağlı büyüme arasındaki ilişkide kendi kendine stres yapmanın aracı rolü olduğu görülmüştür. Bulgular alanyazın doğrultusunda tartışılmış olup sonraki araştırmalar için çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Analysis Influence: Learning True False Learning Model Based Domino Cards on Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Sunia Siti
Published: August 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the learning outcomes of students using and not using the True or False learning strategy based on domino cards on the reproductive system material in class XI science at Public High School 8 Bandar Lampung. Methodology: This type of research is a quasi-experimental research with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design research design. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling of 72 students. The data collection technique was carried out using 20 multiple-choice test instruments. The data analysis technique was carried out using descriptive analysis techniques and inferential analysis techniques. Main Findings: The results showed that classes that used the True or False learning strategy based on domino cards had higher average scores than classes that did not use the strategy. Regression analysis indicated a significant influence of this learning strategy on the learning outcomes of class XI science students at Public High School 8 Bandar Lampung, with a calculated t value greater than the t table and a significance level of 0.05. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research can lie in the innovative approach in using the "True or False" learning strategy based on domino cards to understand and improve student learning outcomes in studying complex material such as Coordination Systems. This approach can be an interesting new step because it combines two different elements.
Theatrical Rerelease: The Effect of Viewers’ Film Perceptions on Companion Preference, Willingness to Pay, and Willingness to Travel
Authors: Karri Rohan , Pratt Stephen
Published: August 2024

While the recent theatrical rerelease of films has managed to bring large crowds back to the theaters, it is yet to be seen if rereleased films stimulate an increase in domestic tourist arrivals. In this regard, this study investigates the relationship between the viewers’ impression
of the film in question and their behavioral intentions. The role of a film's cognitive and affective images in shaping the viewers’ willingness to travel is explored through direct and indirect effects of companion preference and willingness to pay. We use a sample of undergraduate
and graduate students to test our hypotheses based on scales adapted from various studies. A total of 206 responses were collected and analyzed through PLS‐SEM. Results show a significant relationship between viewers’ cognitive impression of the film, their willingness to pay,
and willingness to travel. While films??? affective image did not affect viewers’ behavioral intentions, it significantly affected their preference for having a companion. Our findings allow us to extend the current definitions of film tourism, which is limited to the idea of visiting
destinations portrayed in the films. We then discuss how theatrical rereleases can assist destinations in elongating tourist stay and increase tourist arrivals.
A Practical Method to Prolong Expiratory Breath Holds for Abdominal Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Authors: Schneider Craig , Shen Sui , Fiveash John B. , Jacob Rojymon
Published: August 2024

Objective:

Motion management is crucial to safe and efficacious abdominal stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Expiratory breath hold (EBH) treatment is attractive as it minimizes target motion compared with other techniques; however, only a proportion of patients can perform an EBH to permit efficient treatment. We implemented a technique utilizing supplemental oxygen and mild hyperventilation in patients receiving abdominal SBRT, with the hypothesis that it may prolong EBHs and reduce treatment times.

Materials and Methods:

Starting in August 2020, we provided patients supplemental oxygen (50% FiO2) and encouraged mild hyperventilation at 18 breaths/min with a metronome to improve EBHs for patients undergoing abdominal SBRT. We evaluated all completed treatments with this supplemented procedure (EBHsupp) as well as historical controls treated with EBH prior to this new procedure (EBHRA, where RA signifies room air). EBH durations and treatment times were assessed. Statistical comparisons were made with chi-square test, Student t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test.

Results:

For 20 patients treated with SBRT via EBHsupp and 26 patients treated with SBRT via EBHRA, there were no statistical differences in baseline patient characteristics or treatment planning characteristics between the groups. The EBHsupp group had significantly increased maximum (52.8 s vs 34.5 s, P < .001) and median (24.9 s vs 18.7 s, P = .002) EBH times and required less EBH per treatment (8.9 vs 12.7, P < .001). The mean treatment time was 3 minutes less for EBHsupp compared with EBHRA (17.6 min vs 20.8 min, P = .025).

Conclusion:

Patients receiving supplemental oxygen and mild hyperventilation exhibited prolonged EBH time and reduced overall treatment time during abdominal SBRT. This intervention may improve individual patient breath-hold times, reduce treatment times, and increase the number of patients eligible for EBH-based abdominal SBRT.
Radiation Therapy-Induced Toxicity in a Breast Cancer Patient With Variance of Unknown Significance in the Ataxia Telangiectasia Gene
Authors: Desai Akshay Nilesh , Nini Kevin T. , Desai Gopal Rao
Published: August 2024

Breast conservation has been an effective part of the multimodality treatment of localized breast cancer. Appropriate candidates for breast conservation include patients with early stage disease. However, there are certain absolute contraindications for breast cancer, including radiation during pregnancy, multiple positive margins, and homozygosity mutations in the ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. ATM, an autosomal-recessive disorder, is associated with the childhood onset of neurologic impairment, immunodeficiency, and ocular and cutaneous telangiectasias. Typically, patients with heterozygous ATM mutations remain candidates for breast conservation. However, ATM mutations have been linked to increased sensitivity to radiation therapy and, in some cases, to severe toxicity. We present a case of a 51-year-old woman with variance of unknown significance (VUS) in her ATM gene, who was treated with adjuvant radiation and subsequently developed fibrosis, reduced shoulder movement, and telangiectasias. Thus, our case highlights the need for patients with VUS to be appropriately counseled on radiotoxicity.
KLITIH SEBAGAI BENTUK KEJAHATAN DISERTAI KEKERASAN (EXTRAORDINARY JUVENILE DELIQUENCY)
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto
Published: August 2024

Kekerasan yang dilakukan oleh kelompok pemuda terus meningkat di Indonesia dan menjadi topik yang hangat dan menjadi tantangan hukum pidana, bahkan ketika negara sedang melaksanakan pemilihan umum atau dilanda bencana pandemi Covid-19 namun fenomena yang saat ini disebut klitih oleh masyarakat umum, khususnya Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya kerap terjadi.  Kaum muda telah dilanda oleh kurangnya Pendidikan moral dan krisis identitas. Salah satu akibatnya, muncul kelompok-kelompok pemuda yang mendirikan komunitas/geng, dan secara khusus dalam tulisan ini timbulnya “klitih”. Tokoh masyarakat maupun agama belum dapat memberikan solusi atas permasalahan ini, bahkan kini pihak Kepolisian masih kesulitan dalam penanggulangan dan pengungkapan, karena para pemuda/ usia pelajar ini memang tidak memiliki identitas seperti halnya kelompok yang dahulu dikenal dengan nama “geng”. Makalah ini menyajikan perspektif pidana dan hak asasi manusia dalam mengkaji permasalahan klitih, tentunya akan menyinggung pula UU tentang perlindungan anak dan sistem peradilan pidana anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif mengingat berita-berita tentang terjadinya klitih telah banyak menghiasi media. Masalah klitih ini merusak masa depan generasi muda dan mengancam hak asasi manusia
ABORSI DAN HAK HIDUP JANIN DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA DAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Tri Rusmala Ratnawati Erna
Published: August 2024

Disatu sisi Konstitusi dan Undang-Undang mengecam aborsi tetapi disisi lain Undang-Undang Kesehatan mengatur aborsi secara legal. Timbulnya perbedaan terhadap aborsi dalam UU Kesehatan, KUHP dan HAM merupakan konsekuensi logis akibat dari sudut pandang dan nilai filosofis dari masing-masing norma hukum tersebut yang berbeda. Pertanyaan yang sering muncul dimasyarakat adalah bagaimana pandangan Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dan kesehatan terhadap aborsi karena kedaruratan medis dan akibat perkosaan ?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan kepustakaan (data sekunder). Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan pendekatan Perundang-undangan (Statute Approach), Konsep (ConseptualApproach),Perbandingan (Comparative Approach), untuk untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas rumusan masalah pandangan Hukum Kesehatan dan Hak Asasi Manusia terhadap legalitas aborsi. Dalam penelitian ini membahas aborsi dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai tindakan yang melanggar hak asasi manusia., melanggar perlindungan hak anak, dan melanggar hukum pidana. Dimungkinkannya aborsi didasarkan pada asas pengecualian atau keadaan darurat (overmacht) yang bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak asasi kesehatan reproduksi maupun harkat dan martabat sebagai wanita yang dilakukan secara ketat melalui konseling. selain itu aborsi dilakukan apabila memang sudah tidak ada jalan lain yang lebih baik, sehingga memenuhi kepastian hukum, keadilan dan kemanfaatan dan khususnya bagi aborsi sebagai akibat perkosaan, pada dasarnya kondisi gangguan mental sebenarnya masih dapat direcovery secara medis psikologis.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Dewi Aida
Published: August 2024

Setiap manusia yang lahir di dunia memiliki kebebasan dan memiliki persamaan martabat dan hak. Persamaan hak sebagai manusia inilah yang dikatakan sebagai Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM). Konsep tentang HAM secara resmi diakui internasional oleh PBB sejak tanggal 10 Desember 1948 yaitu dengan diproklamasikannya Deklarasi Universal Human Right. Setelah diakui secara internasional, konsep HAM juga diakui secara nasional oleh Bangsa Indonesia yaitu dengan dibentuknya instrumen-instrumen Hak Asasi Manusia. Dengan adanya Undang-undang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual yang telah disahkan oleh Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat memberikan kemajuan tersendiri untuk perlindungan hukum dan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia.  Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) sangat terbatas mengatur tentang perlindungan terhadap korban kekerasan seksual. Pada umumnya bentuk kekerasan seksual yang diatur hanya mengenai permasalahan kasus perkosaan dan pencabulan. Untuk itu Penelitian ini menggunakan normatif method atau metode dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif atau  doctrinal. Menggunakan data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier
LARANGAN PENGALIHAN HAK MORAL DAN PEMBATASAN WAKTU DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL PUTUS HAK CIPTA BUKU DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Sierrad Muhammad Zaki
Published: August 2024

Pada dasarnya Hak moral itu berlaku, kecuali jika pengarang telah mengecualikan dalam perjanjian yang secara tegas telah mengatur untuk memperbolehkan hak integritas tidak diakui. Hal ini merupakan wujud implementasi hak kebendaan pengarang, dimana hak mutlak atas benda tersebut sangat tergantung kepada integritas pemiliknya melalui perjanjian. Pemegang hak memiliki ekslusifitas untuk memiliki benda untuk dihaki disatu sisi, akan tetapi disisi lain memiliki hak untuk melakukan perjanjian jual beli Hak Cipta untuk selamanya tanpa pembatasan waktu baik hak ekonomi maupun hak moralnya. Undang-Undang Hak Cipta Jerman yang secara murni mengikuti  Hegel, yang menyatakan bahwa Hak Cipta akan melindungi penulis sehubungan dengan intelektual dan hubungan pribadinya dengan karyanya, dan juga sehubungan dengan pemanfaatan karya. hukum Jerman tidak menggunakan ungkapan "hak moral", melainkan mengacu pada perlindungan penulis sehubungan dengan hubungan intelektual dan pribadinya dengan karyanya. Hak tersebut biasanya disebut sebagai hak kepribadian pencipta dalam karyanya atau Personlichkeitrechte). Di inggris Pencipta pada dasarnya tetap memiliki hak bebas untuk tetap menyimpan manuskrip tersebut tanpa diniatkan untuk mempublikasikannya dalam upaya memperoleh keuntungan komersial dalam bentuk buku cetak, karena dengan mencetaknya menjadi buku melalui penerbit seketikan Hak Moralnya dapat dijual dengan bebas sebagaimana pemikiran John Locke dengan labour theory nya yang kemudian didukung dengan pemikiran Adam Smith dengan kebebasan berkontraknya
KAJIAN TEORI PENGURANGAN (DEROGATION) DALAM PEMENUHAN HAK EKONOMI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PADA PEMBERLAKUAN PEMBATASAN KEGIATAN MASYARAKAT BERSKALA MIKRO (PPKM MIKRO) DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Cunduk Wasiati  , Amir Machmud
Published: August 2024

Negara dalam hal ini pemerintah daerah berkewajiban melakukan pemenuhan terhadap hak atas ekonomi dan kesejahteraan kepada warga negara. Di sisi lain kenaikan angka persebaran Covid 19 di kabupaten Sleman DIY   semakin mengkawatirkan. Jumlah korban meninggal juga semakin banyak, Pemerintah memberlakukan darurat persebaran covid 19 di Indonesia. Kemudian dikeluarkan kebijakan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat Berskala Mikro) terhadap beberapa daerah, termasuk DIY. PPKM Mikro berdampak pada kurangnya pemenuhan hak atas ekonomi dan kesejahteraan warga negara. Kebijakan ini tetap harus ditempuh mengingat kondisi darurat covid 19, dan dampak tidak semakin meluas.Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan PPKM Mikro di Kabupaten Sleman DIY dan Bagaimana penerapan teori pengurangan (derogation) dalam pemenuhan hak ekonomi dan kesejahteraan pada pemberlakuan PPKM Mikro. Selanjutnya metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan metode analisis data deskriptif kwalitatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Pelaksanaan PPKM Mikro di kabupaten sleman dilaksanakan dengan pembentukan posko penanggulangan covid serta dikeluarkannya produk hukum daerah. Kemudian Penerapan pengurangan (derogation) terhadap pemenuhan hak ekonomi  dan kesejahteraan harus dilakukan mengingat keadaan darurat covid 19, agar dampak tidak semakin luas dan korban meninggal semakin bertambah.
PROBLEMATIKA PEMENUHAN JAMINAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI INDONESIA.
Authors: Cunduk Wasiati
Published: August 2024

Tanggung jawab negara dalam Pemenuhan Jaminan Hak Asasi Manusia merupakan kewajiban dan tanggung jawab negara untuk bertindak aktif agar hak-hak warga negaranya terpenuhi. Negara berkewajiban untuk mengambil langkah-langkah legislatif, administratif, hukum, anggaran dan tindakan-tindakan lain untuk merealisasikan secara penuh hak-hak asasi manusia. bentuk kewajiban dan tanggung jawab negara tersebut, masing masing mengandung unsur kewajiban untuk bertindak (obligation to conduct) yaitu mensyaratkan negara melakukan langkah-langkah tertentu untuk melaksanakan pemenuhan suatu hak, dan kewajiban untuk berdampak (obligation to result) yaitu mengharuskan negara untuk mencapai sasaran tertentu guna memenuhi standar substantif yang terukur. Urgensi Pengadilan HAM Ad Hoc Dalam Menangani Pelangaran HAM Di Indonesia yang kian hari kian meningkat merupakan sesuatu yang sangat di butuhkan hari ini alam menjawab permasalahan hukum yang ada mengingat Pengadilan HAM dapat memberikan mekanisme untuk pemenuhan hak-hak korban yakni pengaturan tentang kompensasi, restitusi dan rehabilitasi. Namun, Putusan-putusan pengadilan HAM sampai saat ini secara umum belum memberikan hasil sebagaimana harapan banyak pihak sebagaimana saat awal pengadilan ini diupayakan.
HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto , Dista Amelia Sontana  , Edy Chrisjanto
Published: August 2024

Indonesia merupakan negara yang masih berstatus berkembang di ASEAN, namun posisinya masih diatas Myanmar, kemudian Timor Leste dan Kamboja.  Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan proses berkesinambungan dan diukur dalam kurun waktu tertentu, sedangkan pertumbuhan umumnya disertai masalah pemerataan, lingkungan hidup, SDGs, peran sektor swasta (korporasi), hak-hak tenaga kerja, instrumen hukum, dan kondisi sosial politik negara.  Pertumbuhan ekonomi memerlukan dukungan bidang hukum yang disebut dengan istilah hukum ekonomi; Indonesia sedang melakukan hal ini, dengan memegang prinsip sistem ekonomi Pancasila, yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai HAM dan Right to Development (RTD). Pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara tidak dapat berdiri sendiri, namun harus melibatkan investasi sebagai bagian dari perdagangan internasional. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran hukum dan HAM dalam pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia, yang beberapa saat lalu juga diwarnai perdebatan yang kompleks diterbitkannya UU Cipta Kerja. Maka para ahli maupun masyarakat tetap mengharapkan upaya-upaya pemerintah untuk memajukan pembangunan ekonomi dengan melibatkan seluruh rakyat Indonesia untuk menikmati kesejahteraan dan keadilan.
Kata Kunci: Hukum Ekonomi, Pembangunan Ekonomi, Pertumbuhan, Hak, Berkembang
PERLINDUNGAN HAK KERJA PEKERJA KONTRAK DENGAN PERUSAHAAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID19
Authors: Pangestika Elza Qorina
Published: August 2024

Landasan Hukum Pemutusan Pekerja di PT. X berpedoman pada Undang-Undang No.13 Tahun 2003 dimana Pemutusan Hubungan Tenaga Kerja ini berdasarkan sifat dan sikap dari pekerja saat melakukan pekerjaan dan berdasarkan kondisi dari pekerja itu sendiri sehingga adanya pemutusan hubungan hubungan kerja tergantung pada dua kemungkinan yaitu dari pekerja itu sendiri atau dari PT. X, Hak  dan kewajiban yang  diperoleh  Pekerja  Kontrak  jika  tidak  menyelesaikan  masa kontraknya adalah sebuah tanggung jawab dan hak yang harus diterima oleh pekerja jika pekerja Kerja tersebut melakukan sebuah pelanggaran yang tidak sesuai dengan perjanjian kerja, selain itu PT. X memberikan sebuah denda atau pinalti bagi pekerja yang tidak menyelesaikan kontrak tetapi PT. X juga bisa meberikan sebuah keringanan bagi pekerja yang mungkin dari segi ekonomi dan kesehatan terganggu dan bisa juga PT. X memberikan sebuah despensasi bagi pekerja yang keluar/resign dengan cara baik-baik. Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Kontrak di PT. X pada saat pandemi masih sama dengan perlindungan hukum sebelum pandemi hanya saja ada beberapa perubahan yaitu dari segi gaji, tunjangan, bonus (berubah angka nominal) dan lebih menekankan pada kesehatan supaya tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan. Motode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang memiliki sifat deskriptif dan cenderung menggunakan analisis. Proses dan makna lebih ditonjolkan dalam jenis penelitian ini dengan landasan teori yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pemandu agar fokus penelitian sesuai dengan fakta di lapangan, dimana peneliti melakukan sebuah observasi dan wawancara langsung oleh Human Resources Development (HRD) PT. X. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa PT. X dalam penerapannya berpedoman pada Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan. Hanya ada beberapa sebuah peraturan yang dibuat oleh PT. X, seperti peraturan cara berpakaian, etika berbicara, cara melayani coustemer.
Kata kunci : pekerja kontrak; pandemi covid-19; pekerja
ASAS PRADUGA TAK BERSALAH DALAM HUKUM PIDANA : REFLEKSI HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Glorya Luntungan Nancy , Rusdi Muhamad , Zaki Sierrad Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Praduga tak bersalah atau presumption of innocence principle kerap menimbulkan perdebatan jika dikaitkan tugas kepolisian menegakkan hukum demi melindungi kepentingan publik/ masyarakat; hal ini juga menjadi kajian menarik hingga proses persidangan pada saat pengujian/ penilaian alat-alat bukti bagi hakim untuk menjatuhkan putusannya. Hukum positif di Indonesia telah tegas mengaturnya dalam kitab undang-undang hukum acara pidana (KUHAP) yang harus dipatuhi para penegak hukum, demi tercapainya kebenaran yang berkeadilan, atau setidaknya telah diupayakan sekeras-kerasnya untuk mewujudkan keadilan. Pelaksanaan KUHAP seringkali berhadapan atau seolah dibatasi oleh Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM), dimana proses pengungkapan sebuah perkara pidana harus tetap memperhatikan hak-hak tersangka/terdakwa, ditengah beban kerja kepolisian yang tidak ringan. Hingga saat ini praduga tak bersalah dalam penegakan hukum tetap memberikan tantangan bagi tagline transformasi POLRI “PRESISI” yang merupakan abreviasi dari PREdiktif, responSIbilitas, dan transparanSI berkeadilan. Praduga tak bersalah dan praduga bersalah (presumption of gulit) bukan merupakan dikotomi, namun disimpulkan terdapat jalan tengah dengan irisan melindungi masyarakat dengan cara yang profesional dan menghormati hak asasi manusia (HAM). Akhirnya diharapkan hukum bermanfaat bagi masyarakat, tidak sebatas untuk hukum itu sendiri.
REALITA CINTA BEDA AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto , Triatmojo Puguh , Qorina Pangestika Elza
Published: August 2024

Perkawinan atau pernikahan berdasarkan atas cinta yang tumbuh alamiah dari semua insan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, dan budaya maupun relasi sosial ini terjadi sejak jaman purba. Pada kondisi di Indonesia saat ini, peristiwa perkawinan bergeser diatur oleh hukum negara dengan berbagai pertimbangan. Hak private yang dijamin konstitusi dan Pancasila sebagai falsafah bangsa, kembali menarik dikaji terkait terbitnya surat edaran MA No. 2 tahun 2023 yang secara langsung/ tidak langsung beririsan dengan pelaksanaan Undang-undang. Dimana masyarakat dari berbagai belahan dunia memodernisasi hukumnya dengan isu-isu hukum teknologi dan ekonomi pembangunan, kita seolah jalan ditempat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yang mendasarkan pada konsep, doktrin, maupun peraturan perundang-undangan. Masalah yang dikaji adalah Perkawinan yang merupakan perwujudan dari cinta, yang salah satu tujuanya untuk melahirkan keturunan seolah dibatasi oleh lahirnya Surat Edaran MA. Tentu penulis mempersilahkan segenap peneliti/ahli untuk beropini, karena hakekatnya ini sebatas refleksi penulis atas isu-isu hukum yang relatif stagnan (berputar-putar disitu selalu). Penulis beropini bahwa SEMA No. 2 tahun 2023 ini tidak seiring dengan Pancasila dan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, yang notabene lahir dari sejarah heterogenitas bangsa Indonesia.
TINJAUAN KOMPREHENSIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM KONTEKS SISTEM HUKUM TATA NEGARA
Authors: Raharjo Suryawan , Anindita Anindita , Karim Asma
Published: August 2024

Secara konkret kewajiban negara menyangkut Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) diwujudkan dengan melindungi HAM setiap individu dari penyalahgunaan kekuasaan negara, menjamin eksistensi HAM setiap individu dalam ketentuan hukum maupun di dalam pelaksanaannya dan memenuhi HAM setiap individu. Begitu juga upaya menghormati, melindungi, dan menjunjung tinggi HAM menjadi kewajiban dan tanggung jawab bersama antara individu, aparatur pemerintahan, militer, dan juga negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data yang relevan dan terfokus pada inti permasalahan yang sedang dibahas, sehingga tidak ada distorsi atau ketidakjelasan dalam analisis. Dengan mengakui dan melindungi hak asasi manusia, suatu negara menegaskan komitmenya terhadap prinsip-prinsip demokrasi dan perlindungan terhadap setiap individu. Peran lembaga penegak hukum, seperti kepolisian, kejaksaan, dan peradilan, sangatlah penting dalam memastikan pemenuhan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia dalam konteks sistem hukum tata negara. Keberhasilan lembaga-lembaga ini dalam menegakkan hukum secara adil dan transparan menjadi kunci dalam memastikan keadilan bagi semua individu.
PELAYANAN KESEHATAN YANG BERKEADILAN: PERAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM MENJAMIN HAK SETIAP PASIEN
Authors: Riyanto Ontran Sumantri , Fuad Fuad , Chrisjanto Edy
Published: August 2024

Peranan negara dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar rakyat, terutama dalam bidang pelayanan kesehatan secara menyeluruh, sangat penting. Kesehatan diakui sebagai salah satu hak asasi manusia, yang merupakan seperangkat hak yang melekat pada hakikat dan keberadaan manusia sebagai makhluk Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Undang-undang Kesehatan mengatur tentang penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia, termasuk perlindungan hukum terhadap hak pasien untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, di mana metodologi penelitian didasarkan pada analisis bahan pustaka. Metode penelitian normatif menggunakan pendekatan Perundang-Undangan dan konseptual, dengan memanfaatkan sumber hukum Primer dan Sekunder untuk menganalisis dan menginterpretasikan data. Peran tenaga kesehatan dalam menjamin hak setiap pasien sangat terkait dengan landasan hukum yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Kesehatan. Undang-Undang tersebut bukan hanya menjadi panduan bagi tenaga kesehatan dalam memberikan pelayanan yang berkualitas, tetapi juga merupakan instrumen yang penting untuk melindungi hak-hak pasien dalam konteks pelayanan kesehatan yang adil dan bermartabat.
Analysis of Tourism Village Attraction Development Strategy as a Sustainable Tourism Destination
Authors: Jason Andrew , Srihadi Cecilia , Riwoe Febry Lodwyk Rihe
Published: August 2024

The goal of tourism development is to promote equity of opportunity for tourism actors so that they can attempt to benefit and be able to deal with the dynamic transformation of the tourism sector into a priority sector in encouraging community economic growth, increasing regional foreign exchange, empowering the community's economy, expanding employment and business opportunities, and introducing product marketing to realize community welfare and create sustainable tourism destinations. This research is carried out in Lahang Village, Sukabumi Regency, and employs a descriptive research with a qualitative methodology. Multiple interviews with pertinent informants served as the primary data source, while secondary data came from reading materials connected to the research issue. ways for gathering research data through observation and interviews. While the research instrument is researcher himself and auxiliary resources like interview guidance and other tools serve as the research instrument. Based on the research's findings, it was revealed that the local community first rejected Lahang Village, but that via discussion and socialization, the Management, Pokdarwis, and Village Government were able to settle the licensing concerns. In addition to increasing hospitality, improving and maintaining facilities and infrastructure, and enlisting the local community as a labor force for tourism management, Lahang Village Management has pursued and carried out a number of developments. The understanding and passion of some residents who want to see their village transformed is a supporting aspect.
Keywords: Development, Tourism Village, Sustainable Tourism
Exploring Musical Aptitude, Parental Involvement and Challenges: Basis for Enhancing the Music Program
Authors: Yanhua Hou , B. Ayo Eliza
Published: August 2024

This study employed a mixed-method design, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, to enhance the music program at Yi Jia Wu Music Education School. Participants included 266 young learners, 66 parents, and 15 school administrators, totaling 347 respondents. Musical aptitude was measured through rhythm perception, pitch recognition, and melodic comprehension, while parental involvement was assessed by time spent on music activities and participation in school events. Quantitative data were analyzed using a Likert scale with a significance level of 0.05, and thematic analysis was conducted with MAXQDA. Instruments were translated into Chinese, and reliability was ensured through test-retest, parallel-form, and internal consistency methods. Findings revealed high student proficiency in music, supported by parental involvement, but highlighted challenges such as funding, time constraints, and staffing issues. Recommendations included retaining effective programs, redesigning activities for additional funding, and removing outdated instruments and underperforming teachers. This approach aims to enhance and improve the music education program.
Changes in Visual Parameters during Paramenstruum in a Rural Population of Eastern India: A Pilot Study
Authors: Debapriya Mukhopadhyay, , Rajib Mandal, , Shreyasi Mukherjee, , Harinath Mukherjee,
Published: August 2024

Aim This study aims to analyze a set of symptoms of visual difficulties due to accommodative changes before and during the period of menstruation.  Methods This cross-sectional study includes 60 females of the rural population having an accommodative facility of 14 cycles/min with ±2.00D flippers. All subjects have undergone a comprehensive ocular examination which also includes investigation of different parameters of accommodation and convergence before and during menstruation. This Statistical analysis was done with the help of paired T test and the result was shown as significant if P< 0.05.  Results Pre-menstruation no accommodative changes were found. During menstruation, all the subjects were found with a significant change in NPA (OD, OS), AA (OD, OS), NRA, PRA, PFV (Break-Near) and AF (OU) during menstruation. 66.7% of subjects were found with symptoms of headache, backache, difficulty in reading and blurring of vision during menstruation. After prolong near work 16.7% of subjects were found with the blurring of near vision 16.7% were found with the blurring of distance vision.  Conclusion Accommodative insufficiency along with its associated symptoms may induce during the menstruation cycle. The clinician should consider accommodative changes during eye examination of an adult female.
Preterm Prematür Membran Rüptürü Tanısı Alan Hastalarda SIRI ve Diğer İnflamatuar İndeks Parametrelerinin Sağlıklı Hastalarla Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Oğuz Yüksel , Kurt Dilara Sarıkaya , Ağaoğlu Recep Taha , Hızlı Burak , Ulusoy Can Ozan , Yılmaz Zehra , Yakut Yücel Kadriye
Published: August 2024

Amaç: İnflamasyon ile yakından ilişkili olduğu bilinen Sistemik İnflamatuar Yanıt İndeksi (SİRİ) ve Sistemik İnflamatuar İndeks (Sİİ) gibi subklinik inflamatuar indeksler ile Preterm Prematür Membran Rüptürü arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.
Materyal-Metod: Kasım 2022 ile Kasım 2023 tarihleri arasında Perinatoloji Kliniğine başvuran ve 24 ila 37. gebelik haftalarında preterm prematür membran rüptürü tanısı alan 150 tekil gebe çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kayıtlar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Maternal yaş, gravide, parite açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu (sırasıyla p: 0.082; p: 0.034; p: 0.235). Ancak abortus oranları vaka ve kontrol grupları arasında farklıydı (p
Chemical Mapping of Temperate Sub-Neptune Atmospheres: Constraining the Deep Interior H2O/H2 Ratio from the Atmospheric CO2/CH4 Ratio
Authors: Yang Jeehyun , Hu Renyu
Published: August 2024

Understanding the planetary envelope composition of sub-Neptune-type exoplanets is challenging due to the inherent degeneracy in their interior composition scenarios. Particularly, the planetary envelope’s H2O/H2 ratio, which can also be expressed as the O/H ratio, provides crucial insights into its original location relative to the ice line during planetary formation. Using self-consistent radiative transfer modeling and a rate-based automatic chemical network generator combined with 1D photochemical kinetic-transport atmospheric modeling, we investigate various atmospheric scenarios of temperate sub-Neptunes, ranging from H2-dominated to H2O-dominated atmospheres with equilibrium temperatures (T
eq) of 250—400 K. This study includes examples such as K2-18 b (T
eq = 255 K), LP 791-18 c (T
eq = 324 K), and TOI-270 d (T
eq = 354 K). Our models indicate that the atmospheric CO2/CH4 ratio can be used to infer the deep interior H2O/H2 ratio. Applying this method to recent JWST observations, our findings suggest that K2-18 b likely has an interior that is 50% highly enriched in water, exceeding the water content in a 100 × Z
⊙ scenario and suggesting a planetary formation mechanism involving substantial accretion of ices. In contrast, our model suggests that approximately 25% of TOI-270 d’s interior is composed of H2O, which aligns with the conventional metallicity framework with a metallicity higher than 100 × Z
⊙. Furthermore, our models identify carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) as strong indicators for temperate sub-Neptunes with at least 10% of their interior composed of water. These results provide a method to delineate the internal composition and formation mechanisms of temperate sub-Neptunes (T
eq < ∼ 500 K) via atmospheric characterization through transmission spectroscopy.
Can Solar Limb Flare Prediction Be Properly Made by Extreme-ultraviolet Intensities?
Authors: Lee Jaewon , Moon Yong-Jae , Jeong Hyun-Jin , Yi Kangwoo , Lee Harim
Published: August 2024

We address the question of whether the solar limb flare prediction can be properly made by EUV intensity, which has less projection effects than solar white light and magnetogram data. We develop empirical and multilayer perceptron (MLP) models to forecast the probability of a major solar limb flare within a day. We use Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 94 and 131 Å that have high correlations and large slopes with X-ray flare fluxes from 2010 to 2022. We select 240 flares stronger than or equal to the M1.0 class and located near the limb region (60° or more in heliographic longitude). For input data, we use the limb intensity as the sum of SDO/AIA intensities in the limb region and the total intensity of the whole image. We compare the model performances using metrics such as the receiver operating characteristic—area under the curve. Our major results are as follows. First, we can forecast major solar limb flare occurrences with only SDO/AIA 94 and/or 131 Å intensities. Second, our models show better probability prediction than the climatological model. Third, both empirical (AUC = 0.85) and MLP (AUC = 0.84) models have similar performances, which are much better than a random forecast (AUC = 0.50). Finally, it is interesting to note that our model can forecast the flaring probability of all 52 events during the test period, while the models in the NASA/CCMC flare scoreboard can forecast only 22 events. From the above results, we can answer that the solar limb flare prediction using EUV intensity can be properly made.
Optimising Marine Basic Spatial Units (MBSU) for Ocean Accounting using empirical data from Saleh Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Agavia Kori , Arhatin Risti Endriani , Gacutan Jordan , Agung Firdaus , Pingkan Jessica , Rosdiana Annisya , Yulianto Irfan
Published: August 2024

Ocean Accounts, aligned with the UN System of Environmental Economic Accounting – Environmental Accounting (SEEA EA), bring together economic, social and environmental information in a coherent and standardised manner. Ecosystem extent is a structure to understand environmental assets and uses a basic spatial unit to facilitate the classification and measurement of ecosystems by type. This study tested the impact of grid size and method of designation per grid cell for Marine Basic Spatial Units (MBSU), using Saleh Bay, Indonesia as a case study. The extent of mangrove, seagrass and coral reefs were previously delineated in 2021 for ocean accounting activities. This study tested grids with two different cell sizes (10 x 10 m2 and 25 x 25 m2) and two different methods of designation, namely: (i) dominance (extent-based) and (ii) hierarchy (criteria-based) methods. The results indicated that a larger grid size is related to higher error in estimating both total area per ecosystem and spatial configuration within the study area. The dominance method produced more accurate results than the hierarchy method, although, when considering computational trade-offs, a larger grid size and the hierarchy method observed a much lower computational cost. These results demonstrate the need to carefully consider grid size and method when designating basic spatial units for accounting activities, as they impact linked accounting tables and, in turn, have implications when providing information for management and policy.
On the proportion of elements of order a product of two primes in finite symmetric groups
Authors: Liu Hailin , Lu Longzhi , Zhong Liping
Published: August 2024

This is one of a series of papers that aims to give an explicit upper bound on the proportion of elements of order a product of two primes in finite symmetric groups. This one presents such a bound for the elements as the product of two distinct odd primes.
Healthcare Utilization and Discrepancies by Income Level Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Korea: An Analysis of National Health Insurance Sample Cohort Data
Authors: Park Eun Jee , Ji Nam Ju , You Chang Hoon , Lee Weon Young
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The use of qualitative healthcare services or its discrepancy between different income levels of the type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients has seldom been studied concurrently. The present study is unique that regarding T2D patients of early stages of diagnosis. Aimed to assess the utilization of qualitative healthcare services and influence of income levels on the inequality of care among newly diagnosed patients with T2D.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 7590 patients was conducted by the National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort 2.0 from 2002 to 2015. Insured employee in 2013 with no history of T2D between 2002 and 2012 were included. The standard of diabetes care includes hemoglobin A1c (HbAlc; 4 times/y), eyes (once/y) and lipid abnormalities (once/y). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the difference between income levels and inequality of care.Results: From years 1 to 3, rates of appropriate screening fell from 16.9% to 14.1% (HbA1c), 15.8% to 14.5% (eye), and 59.2% to 33.2% (lipid abnormalities). Relative to income class 5 (the highest-income group), HbA1 screening was significantly less common in class 2 (year 2: odds ratio [OR], 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61 to 0.99; year 3: OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69 to 0.91). In year 1, lipid screening was less common in class 1 (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98) than in class 5, a trend that continued in year 2. Eye screening rates were consistently lower in class 1 than in class 5 (year 1: OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.89; year 2: OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.78; year 3: OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.99).Conclusions: Newly diagnosed T2D patients have shown low rate of HbA1c and screening for diabetic-related complications and experienced inequality in relation to receiving qualitative diabetes care by income levels.
Tío vivo, semanario de humor para mayores. La historieta de humor como objeto antropológico
Authors: García Ferrer Raúl
Published: August 2024

El artículo plantea la historieta como objeto de estudio para la antropología bajo la premisa de su valor documental y axiológico en el análisis de una sociedad en una época determinada. El caso que se presenta es el de los cómics caricaturescos contenidos en el semanario Tío Vivo editado en España durante su primer año de publicación entre 1957 y 1958. Tío Vivo fue una excepción dentro del sistema editorial de tebeos español fruto de la formación de una cooperativa editora, constituida por varios autores consagrados que habían abandonado Bruguera, la mayor editora del momento, con la intención de crear una publicación independiente sobre la que tuvieran plenos derechos. Las peripecias de los personajes relatadas en las cuatro series de historietas estudiadas resultan importantes documentos etnográficos que describen tanto como critican la sociedad de la época vivida por sus dibujantes. Las cualidades del tebeo caricaturesco permiten realizar una aproximación singular a los años centrales del franquismo que debe sumarse a la obtenida a través de otros medios.
De vuelta a la intimidad y la práctica de las artes poéticas. Ensayo sobre Metropolitan Intimacies (F. Cruces, 2022)
Authors: Velasco Honorio M.
Published: August 2024

El giro hacia la intimidad y el encuentro una vez más con la subjetividad donde el alcance del todo es más inabordable, las grandes metrópolis, es una propuesta de enorme potencia reflexiva. No es por supuesto un campo nuevo para tientos bibliográficos, pero sí obliga a poner en discusión conceptos previos como vida ordinaria, vida doméstica, privacidad y a la vez requiere renovar el utillaje metodológico de modo que la producción de etnografía se hace inevitablemente mediante multimedia. El registro de la experiencia parece conllevar aún más riesgos y requiere aún más imaginación por parte de quien la codifica y de quien la interpreta. Sin duda, presentada en historias, por minúsculas que sean, promete y provoca, especialmente si se perciben en ella (y se practican y gozan) las artes poéticas.
The Evolving Portrait of γδ TCR Recognition Determinants
Authors: Sok Chhon Ling , Rossjohn Jamie , Gully Benjamin S
Published: August 2024

In αβ T cells, immunosurveillance is enabled by the αβ TCR, which corecognizes peptide, lipid, or small-molecule Ags presented by MHC- and MHC class I–like Ag-presenting molecules, respectively. Although αβ TCRs vary in their Ag recognition modes, in general they corecognize the presented Ag and the Ag-presenting molecule and do so in an invariable “end-to-end” manner. Quite distinctly, γδ T cells, by way of their γδ TCR, can recognize ligands that extend beyond the confines of MHC- and MHC class I–like restrictions. From structural studies, it is now becoming apparent that γδ TCR recognition modes can break the corecognition paradigm and deviate markedly from the end-to-end docking mechanisms of αβ TCR counterparts. This brief review highlights the emerging portrait of how γδ TCRs can recognize diverse epitopes of their Ags in a manner reminiscent to how Abs recognize Ags.
The moderating effect of gender on physical activity participation and physical fitness in children
Authors: Gomwe Howard , Phiri Lesego , Marange Chioneso Show
Published: August 2024

Background: The level, direction or presence of the relationship between perceived physical activity (PA) participation and physical fitness (PF) in children may differ by gender and this will assist in designing gender-specific interventions to promote PA participation, which in turn improves PF levels.Aim: This study aimed to establish the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between perceived PA participation and PF.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a cohort of 870 primary school children aged 9–14 years old. Perceived PA participation was measured using the PAQ-C questionnaire while PF levels were measured using cardiorespiratory endurance (i.e. VO2 max).Results: The results showed significant gender differences for perceived PA participation levels (t = −3.40, p ≤ 0.001) and PF (t = −11.59, p ≤ 0.001), with boys reporting higher levels than the girls. Perceived PA participation had a positive, weak and statistically significant correlation with PF (r = 0.251; p ≤ 0.001). Gender significantly moderates the relationship between perceived PA participation and PF (β3 = 3.518; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.642 to 6.395; p = 0.017).Conclusion: The moderating effect of gender on the relationship between perceived PA participation and PF highlights the differences in physiology as well as the societal PA associated roles played by boys and girls.Contribution: The study has established that the relationship between perceived PA participation and PF is more pronounced among boys than girls.
A Randomized Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Oral Tranexamic Acid, Modified Kligman’s Formula, and Placebo Cream in Melasma
Authors: Prathyoosha S , Ananditha K , Narayana Rao T. , Gopal K. V. T. , Krishnam Raju P. V.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Despite the availability of various treatment modalities, the treatment of melasma is often incomplete, with a high recurrence rate. The present study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid (TXA), modified Kligman’s formula (MKF), and a placebo cream in melasma.

Materials and Methods:

Ninety cases of melasma of both sexes were enrolled, and divided into three groups of 30 patients each. The baseline severity of melasma was graded by Melasma Area Severity Index (MASI) score. Group A, B, and C patients were treated with oral TXA 250 mg twice daily, daily MKF cream at night, and daily placebo cream at night, respectively, for 12 weeks. Improvement in MASI score was calculated after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. At each visit, adverse effects, if any, were noted. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-square test.

Results:

Based on intention to treat analysis, at the end of 12 weeks, the reduction in MASI score in oral TXA, MKF, and placebo groups was 9.94(65.91%), 6.12(54.78%), and 2.07(17.22%), respectively (P = 0.00). The difference in reduction of mean MASI scores after 12 weeks between oral TXA group and MKF group was not significant (P = 0.29). The efficacy of oral TXA and MKB was significantly higher than that of the placebo group (P = 0.01 and P = 0.03, respectively). Adverse effects in all groups were mild and self-limiting.

Limitations:

A limited sample size, non-blinded design, and absence of dermoscopic evaluation were the study limitations.

Conclusion:

In view of its excellent safety profile, oral TXA may be considered as a better option for moderate to severe melasma.