bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
JAVANESE CALENDAR CALCULATION AND FATE DETERMINATION:
Authors: Fauziyah Dwi , Naldo Jufri , Siregar Husna Sari
Published: September 2024

The Javanese calendar is a calendar that contains complete market days that have certain values or meanings called neptu. The people of Aek Raso village are people who consider the day as something sacred, especially the day on which a person was born. Because the day on which a person was born is used for various calculations of a desire or desire, such as determining a mate, marriage, circumcision and searching for lost items. The purpose of this study is to analyse how Javanese calculation beliefs and fate determinants. Descriptive method, data collection techniques used are observation techniques, literature, interviews and documentation. The analysis technique used is qualitative method. The result of the analysis of this research is that the people of Aek Raso village, Torgamba sub- district, Labuhanbatu Selatan Regency still believe or uphold the tradition in the calculation of the Javanese calendar in determining life. Some people believe in the truth of calendar calculations and still practice them. It can be said that some people want to have a better life. Local people say that they respect and will continue to preserve the traditions inherited from their ancestors. However, the community considers the calculation of the Javanese calendar as just a tradition and not as worship.
ROLE OF THE PROPHET IN EDUCATING CHILDREN AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN PREVENTING GADGET ADDICTION IN CHILDREN
Authors: Hasibuan Maulana Hasan , Harahap Alwi Padly , Aurora Hanifah
Published: September 2024

Currently, technological advances are rapidly developing worldwide, including in Indonesia. One technology that is currently attracting a lot of attention from the public, including children, is gadgets. However, the use of these gadgets sometimes causes people to become addicted to using them if they are not controlled. This research aims to determine the role of the Prophet in educating children and its implementation in preventing gadget addiction in children. This research uses qualitative research with descriptive-analytic data analysis techniques. The results of this research show that Prophet Muhammad has an important role in educating children, contributing to efforts to prevent gadget addiction in children. In addition, parents also play an important role in preventing gadget addiction in children, especially by being good role models as the Prophet was a role model for his people. It is very important for parents to build good communication with their children by applying teachings of the Prophet Muhammad in interacting with children. Likewise, discipline in educating children provides valuable lessons for parents in guiding their children with clear, consistent, and loving rules. Finally, parents can help children choose friends who have positive habits or engage in other creative activities that do not involve excessive use of gadgets. By emulating the Prophet's way of educating children, parents can be more effective in preventing gadget addiction in children, forming good character, and instilling strong religious values from an early age.
CLASH BETWEEN RELIGION, MEDICINE AND LOCAL BELIEFS IN THE SUN TRADITION IN LILINTA VILLAGE, RAJA AMPAT REGENCY
Authors: Khoirunnisa Ulfa , Nawir M. Syukri , Zulihi Zulihi , Rian Efendi
Published: September 2024

This study aims to describe the 'Sun' (Pamali) Tradition in the Lilinta Community and see the 'Sun' (Pamali) Tradition in Lilinta Village from an Islamic point of view and see the 'Sun' Tradition from a medical point of view. The research location is in Lilinta Village, West Misool District, Raja Ampat Regency. Data were obtained from primary data sources, namely a collection of stories from the community about sun or pamali in Lilinta Village through interviews. The data collection technique used is to go directly to the field to observe and record activities carried out by the community, especially those related to the 'Sun' tradition. The research uses semi-structured interviews, which focus on prepared questions. The results show that the existence of the 'Sun' tradition is to respect the behavior of these animals towards their ancestors. However, regarding the impact that is obtained if violating the 'Sun' from the point of view of Islam and the medical point of view, they are contradictory or have nothing to do with it.
Teachers' perspectives on applying online learning tools through learning management system: The need for an online Malay language teaching module
Authors: Sulong M. Badrul Hisyam , Nasir M. Khalid M , Mohamad Wan Muna Ruzanna Wan
Published: September 2024

This study examines Malay language teachers' perceptions of using Google tools in their online teaching in primary schools. It uses a basic interpretative research methodology to investigate the perspectives of six primary school Malay language teachers from Terengganu, Malaysia. Interviews with semi-structured questions were used to collect data and analyzed thematically. All the themes and sub-themes were organized using NVivo 12 software. The data show that the predominant topic in teachers' thoughts on the importance of Google tools was the reasons for their absence of use. There were two essential sub-themes: a lack of skills and proficiency and a need for more awareness of how to use Google tools. Furthermore, this study highlighted personal support of module development as a secondary theme which included two sub-themes: agreement with the need for modules and the importance of providing them. This study also underlined the importance of module preparation which was reinforced by two sub-themes: facilitating teachers' implementation of online teaching and serving as a significant reference for teachers. This study shows that effective online education requires competency, skills and knowledge of Google Tools. It suggests creating a Google Tools module to guide and serve as a resource for Malay language teachers.
Trombólisis con guía ecocardiográfica en un paciente con tromboembolismo pulmonar masivo y arresto cardiopulmonar. Reporte de caso
Authors: Zegarra Piérola Jaime Wilfredo , Ticona Salazar José , Lévano Díaz Lady , Umezawa Makikado Luis , Campos Muñoz Roberto
Published: September 2024

El tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) masivo, es un evento vascular agudo caracterizado por choque obstructivo, con mortalidad alta. El objetivo del reporte fue resaltar la terapia de trombólisis con guía ecocardiográfica en un paciente con tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) masivo y arresto cardiopulmonar. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 48 años de edad, con fractura expuesta de tibia izquierda no operada, hospitalizado sin uso de heparina profiláctica, quién cursó con disnea súbita, dolor torácico y arresto cardiopulmonar dos veces, el primero en hospitalización general, y el segundo al ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). Post retorno de la circulación espontanea cursó con hipotensión, taquicardia, hipoxemia, Glasgow 4 puntos; en el electrocardiograma se encontró taquicardia sinusal, patrón S1Q3T3, bloqueo completo de rama derecha; en la ecocardiografía relación ventrículo derecho/ventrículo izquierdo >1, signo de McConell (+), desplazamiento del septum interventricular; excursión sistólica del anillo tricúspideo 10 mm, vena cava inferior 23 mm con colapso < 50%; recibió noradrenalina y vasopresina a dosis altas, trombólisis con activador de plasminógeno tisular recombinante 100 mg; con monitoreo ecocardiográfico secuencial, logrando estabilización cardiopulmonar y resolución  del choque obstructivo, con retiro del soporte y posterior alta de UCI y del hospital.
Nivel de anticuerpos IgG, factor de necrosis tumoral y agotamiento de linfocitos T en personas vacunadas contra el SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lozada Requena Ivan , Paredes Inofuente Diego
Published: September 2024

En la COVID-19, la inmunidad es fundamental. Poco se sabe de los mecanismos del factor de necrosis tumoral (TNF-α) y su capacidad de estimular la producción de anticuerpos anti-SARS-CoV-2. Asimismo, sobre la respuesta y agotamiento celular de los linfocitos T (LT). Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento, antes y después de la tercera dosis de vacunación, de los niveles de IgG (anti-spike), TNF-α y poblaciones linfocitarias incluyendo su agotamiento celular. Material y métodos: Se utilizó suero y células mononucleares de sangre periférica de sujetos con infección (G1, n=07) y asintomáticos (G2, n= 08 y G3, n=10) vacunados con la tercera dosis de la vacuna BNT162b2 (G1 y G2) o de ChAdOx1-S (G3). Se usó ELISA para determinar los niveles de IgG y TNF-α y citometría de flujo para determinar los niveles y el agotamiento celular de LT. Resultados: La IgG (anti-spike) antes y después de la tercera dosis no cambió. Se observó en G1 un aumento significativo de TNF-α después de recibir la tercera dosis. Los linfocitos totales (T, B y NK) mostraron una disminución significativa en G2 y, aunque los LT(CD3+) no variaron, en G3 sí hubo una disminución de LTCD4+ con aumento de PD-1+ y un aumento de LTCD8+ y PD-1+ antes y después de la tercera dosis, respectivamente. Se encontró una correlación positiva después de la tercera dosis en G3 entre IgG y CD4+PD-1+(p=0,034) y CD8+PD-1+(p=0,028), respectivamente. Conclusión: La respuesta humoral (IgG) e inflamatoria (TNF-α) no se modificó significativamente; la vacunación heteróloga (G3) incrementó los niveles de LT CD4+, una subpoblación que sostiene la inmunidad adaptativa antiviral. Adicionalmente, evito el agotamiento celular de LT.
Estriatopatía diabética
Authors: Silva Paredes Elder , Valencia Choque Candy Karin , Contreras Grande Jheferson
Published: September 2024

Varón de 71 años con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus descompensada, que acude por movimientos involuntarios en miembros superior e inferior derechos desde hace dos meses. Se realizó una tomografía cerebral sin contraste (A), donde se identificó una tenue hiperdensidad en el núcleo lenticular izquierdo (flecha). Se complementó con una resonancia magnética y en la imagen axial ponderada en T1 (B) se observó hiperintensidad en el núcleo lenticular izquierdo (flecha). La estriatopatía diabética también conocida como hemicorea inducida por hiperglucemia no cetósica es una rara complicación de la diabetes mellitus, la edad promedio de presentación es a los 71 años. Los hallazgos imagenológicos son casi patognomónicos y muestran una afectación del núcleo estriado unilateral, contralateral al lado afectado; su diagnóstico y manejo oportuno son importantes dado que puede ser completamente reversible en un alto porcentaje de pacientes.
Factores que predicen la rehabilitación satisfactoria en pacientes con amputación de miembro inferior de un instituto de rehabilitación
Authors: Quezada Ponte Elisa , Montalvo Chávez Rosa Sabina
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Determinar los factores que predicen la rehabilitación satisfactoria en pacientes con amputación de miembro inferior que obtuvieron una prótesis. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y relacional, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia de 70 pacientes con amputación de miembro inferior de origen vascular, oncológico o traumático, con niveles de amputación transfemoral (AK) o transtibial (BK), en el Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación “Dra. Adriana Rebaza Flores” AMISTAD PERU-JAPON, Lima-Perú, entre el 2018 y 2019. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y se realizaron entrevistas. La evaluación de la rehabilitación satisfactoria se realizó usando el “Instrumento de Houghton”. Resultados: El 81,42% de los pacientes eran de sexo masculino, edad media de 48,76 ± 15,19 años y el 35,71% tenía entre 48 y 57 años. Se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa de la rehabilitación satisfactoria con los siguientes factores:  edad (p < 0, 011), nivel de amputación BK (p < 0,001), etiología traumática (p < 0,014) y ausencia de comorbilidad (p < 0,04). El único factor predictor de la rehabilitación satisfactoria fue el nivel de amputación BK OR= 2,84 (p < 0,002).  Conclusiones: Los factores que predicen una rehabilitación satisfactoria en el paciente con amputación de miembro inferior fueron edad menor de 48 años, nivel de amputación BK, etiología traumática, menor comorbilidad. El único factor determinante fue el nivel de amputación.
Breakfast Practices Among Indonesian Adults: Urban and Rural Differences and Its Associated Factors
Authors: Arifa Vina Hasna , Wiradnyani Luh Ade Ari , Khusun Helda , Februhartanty Judhiastuty
Published: October 2024

Backgrounds: Adults in Indonesia have challenges due to the high prevalence of obesity. Factors that contributed to obesity included unhealthy eating practices. Skipping breakfast habits are linked to health issues such as non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Breakfast practices also reflected the social and cultural dynamics in urban and rural. Socioeconomic and demographic factors could cause differences in breakfast practices between urban and rural areas in Indonesia.
Objectives: This research aimed to examine the differences in breakfast practices among Indonesian adults in urban and rural areas based on various characteristics and to explore the association between socioeconomic and demographic characteristics with breakfast practices.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the Indonesia Food Barometer (IFB) in 2018. A total of 770 adults (26–45 years old) were examined to observe the differences in breakfast practices (skipping breakfast, eating together, buying food, cooking food, and activities during meals) in urban and rural areas. Logistic regression analysis was also employed to examine the association between skipping breakfast and modern breakfast practices with socioeconomic and demographic variables.
Results: Chi-square analysis showed significant differences between urban and rural areas in eating alone, eating outside the home, and buying food during breakfast (p-value <0.001). Factors related to skipping breakfast were education level and type of residence (all p-value <0.001), while occupation (p-value = 0.004) and type of residence (p-value <0.001) were related to modern breakfast practices.
Conclusions: There were differences in breakfast practices between urban and rural. Skipping breakfast and modern breakfast practices were more prevalent in urban areas.
Effects of obesity and obesity-related phenotypes on diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Xu Qing , Li Mufeng , Wang Zhonghan , Jiao Jianhang , Yang Lili , Jiang Weibo , Yu Tong , Wang Yang , Wu Minfei
Published: October 2024

The study endeavored to investigate the potential genetic causality between obesity or obesity-related phenotypes and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, with the genome-wide association study aggregated data. The linkage disequilibrium score regression approach, Mendelian randomization analysis and Bayesian colocalization were applied to test the causality. For the linkage disequilibrium score regression analysis, besides the waist-to-hip ratio, the results showed significant genetic association between obesity-related phenotypes and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. For the Mendelian randomization analysis, there were significant causal relationships between body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, whole body fat mass, body fat percentage, arm fat mass and percentage (left), arm fat mass and percentage (right), leg fat mass and percentage (left), leg fat mass and percentage (right), trunk fat percentage (All the above p = 0.000), trunk fat mass (p = 0.011, p value adjusted by Benjaminiad Hochberg = 0.011 < 0.05) and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, but not for waist-to-hip ratio. For the Bayesian colocalization analysis, hip circumference, whole body fat mass, body fat percentage, and leg fat percentage (right) shared the same variants with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. This study provided evidence that genetic-related increases in obesity or partial obesity-related phenotype risks have positive effects on diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.
Elucidating the Causal Impact of Plasma Proteins on Osteoporosis Risk and the Mediating Role of Immune Cells through Integrated Multi-omics Data Analysis
Authors: Ji Zhongjie , Li Xiang , Ma Jinlong , Sun Zhenqian , Wu Wenliang , Chen Yunzhen , Wang Hongliang , You Yunhao , Jiao Guangjun
Published: October 2024

Recent evidence increasingly suggests that plasma proteins and immune factors play crucial roles in bone metabolism. However, the specific mechanisms of how plasma proteins impact osteoporosis (OP) and whether immune factors mediate the process remain largely unknown. In this study, we employed a two sample mendelian randomization (TSMR) model and bidirectional analysis to identify plasma proteins linked to OP, explore whether immune phenotypes mediate OP risk associated with these proteins. Our findings revealed that plasma MGP and TMEM38B proteins were negatively correlated with OP (p < 0.001), while CD14, RUFY1, and IL6ST were positively associated with the risk of OP (p < 0.001). Further validation using whole blood eQTL data revealed a positive association between CD14 and OP risk (OR = 1.254, 95% CI: 1.016–1.547, p < 0.05). The analysis of the GEO dataset further corroborated this finding. Analysis revealed 62 immune phenotypes related to OP. Bidirectional TSMR analysis showed a positive correlation between plasma protein CD14 and IgD + CD38-%B cells (Ivw beta = 0.349, OR = 1.418, 95% CI: 1.068–1.882, p < 0.05). In addition, mediation analysis results showed that IgD + CD38-%B cells mediates 12% of the effect of CD14 on OP risk. Furthermore, Bayesian colocalization analysis reinforced our findings. Finally, in the drug target MR study and Phe-MR analysis, anti-CD14 exhibited a protective effect against OP (OR = 0.798, 95%CI: 0.646–0.984, p < 0.05). Our study provides evidence that elevated plasma CD14 is linked to OP risk, partially mediated by IgD + CD38-%B cells. Blocking CD14 shows potential in preventing or delaying OP. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms.
Impact of Gypsum and Filter Cake on Selected Physicochemical Properties of Saline Sodic Soil of Amibara Area Central Rift Valley Ethiopia
Authors: Yeshibelay Agered , Woji Lemma , Habte Dawit
Published: October 2024

Salinity and aridity are two interrelated problems rapidly expanding in Ethiopia and soil with saline sodic property in Amibara irrigated farms threatens crop productivity. A field experiment was conducted at Werer Agricultural Research Center to evaluate the ameliorative effects of gypsum and filter cake on saline-sodic soil. Composite surface soil samples before the experiment and plot-level samples after harvest were collected for laboratory analysis. Post-harvest soil analysis revealed that bulk density, soil pH, exchangeable sodium, and exchangeable calcium, were significantly affected by the interaction of gypsum and filter cake (P < 0.01). The lowest mean soil pH (7.76) was measured from plots treated with 75% gypsum requirement + 25 t ha− 1 filter cakes and the highest soil pH (8.20) was recorded from untreated plots. Experimental plots treated with a sole application of gypsum and filter cake showed a reduction of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP). In conclusion, the combined amendment of gypsum and filter cake can improve the adverse impacts of pH, SAR, exchangeable sodium, and exchangeable sodium percentage. It could be concluded that the combined application of Gypsum and filter cake enhances soil physicochemical properties and wheat production in the saline-sodic soil of Amibara District.
Characterisation of a novel metal-containing “glyco-protein/polypeptide-organochlorine” bioflocculant produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain F29 isolated from pig fecal matter collected from a mixed animal farm in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Okorie Ikechukwu Kenneth M. , Ogunjobi Adeniyi A.
Published: October 2024

Antibiotic resistance has reached global proportions, and the discovery of effective alternatives to the common antibiotics in current use, could aid in solving this problem. The aim of this study was to characterise a bioflocculant produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain F29, accession number OQ734844, that possessed 69% flocculating activity, and that had been observed to demonstrate biocontrol activity against Staphylococcus aureus SO183 at concentrations of 0.090 g/L and 0.150 g/L, and against identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa, at a concentration of 0.150 g/L. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain F29, was isolated from pig fecal matter collected from a mixed animal farm in Ibadan, Nigeria via the pour plate method, identified through biochemical tests and confirmed through molecular studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of the bioflocculant, revealed the presence of carboxyl, amide/peptide, aromatic alcohol, alkene, halo and polysulfide functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a clumped and flaky bioflocculant surface, while energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) revealed the presence of chlorine (56.00%), carbon (20.50%), sodium (12.50%), oxygen (4.00%), phosphorus (3.00%), sulphur (2.43%) magnesium (1.06%), potassium (0.32%) and nitrogen (0.30%). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) revealed that the bioflocculant possessed varied peaks of glucose, galactose, inositol and mannose, D-ribose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose. The phenol sulfuric acid method revealed that the concentration of these sugars was 0.0059 g/L. The bioflocculant was a metal-containing polymeric compound composed mainly of carbohydrates, proteins/polypeptides and organochlorines, possibly a metal-containing “glyco-protein/polypeptide organochlorine.” From available documentation, this is the first report of this type of bioflocculant.
Causes of mechanical intestinal obstructions and diagnosis in adults
Authors: khalefa Basel Al , Alhwamda Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Objective Intestinal obstruction is defined as the presence of a blockage in the intestines that prevents the passage of contents, slowing down or halting the digestive process. It can be either mechanical or paralytic. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate mechanical intestinal obstructions, accurately determine their causes, and diagnose them in adults.Methods and Materials: A retrospective study was conducted, including a sample of 197 patients admitted to the surgery department at Damascus Hospital due to mechanical intestinal obstruction, from June 2021 to June 2024. The sample included patients aged over 18 years, from both genders. Data analysis was performed by a statistical expert.Results In our study, there were 128 male patients and 69 female patients, with an average age of 45 years. The most common age group was 18–30 years. We found that the most common cause of intestinal obstruction was adhesions (73.51%), followed by hernias (12.19%) and tumors (6.28%). The most frequent symptom was cessation of gas and stool passage (82.2%), followed by abdominal pain (78.7%) and then nausea and vomiting. The most important signs were abdominal distension (70.7%) and abdominal wall swelling (12.2%). The most commonly used diagnostic tool was a standing abdominal X-ray, utilized in 98.2% of cases. Management included bowel resection and intestinal anastomosis for tumors, while fecal impaction was managed surgically. A group of patients was managed conservatively.Conclusion Establishing a protocol that defines the symptoms and signs of intestinal strangulation would be highly beneficial for the early diagnosis of adhesion-related intestinal obstructions. This would enable earlier treatment, reducing complications and mortality.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün İnsancıl ve Barışçıl Dış Politika Aracı Olarak Anzaklara Mesajları
Authors: Elmacı Mehmet Emin
Published: September 2024

I. Dünya Savaşı içindeki Çanakkale Muharebeleri birçok açıdan dünyayı etkilemiştir. Savaşın siyasi ve özellikle de toplumsal sonuçları dünyanın her yerinde önemli gelişmelere neden olmuştur. Avustralya’nın da bu savaş sonrasında 25 Nisan’ı, “Anzak Günü” olarak niteleyip her yıl anma törenleriyle kutlamaları ve milli bilinçlerini güçlendirmeleri de bunlardan birisidir.
Bu savaşta önemli katkısı olan ve sonradan Türkiye Cumhuriyetinin kurucusu da olacak olan Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ile Avusturyalılar arasında da saygı ve övgüye dayalı önemli bir bağ oluşmuştur. Makalemizde yeni bulgularla, bu bağın başlangıcını ve Atatürk’ün Avusturalya halkına verdiği mesajların kronolojik bir değerlendirmesini yaparak tarihe önemli bir kayıt koyma düşüncesindeyiz. Özellikle Türkiye ve Avusturya basınında Atatürk’ün ilk kez yayımlanacak Anzak Günü mesajları ve bu konuda çalışılmış eserlerden hareketle, Atatürk’ün dış politikasındaki barış politikasına uygun olarak girişimleri ortaya konulacaktır.
Supporting the development of climate-resilient water safety plans through a risk-screening framework for drinking water source protection
Authors: Vorstius Carolin , Rowan John S. , Brown Iain , Leith Fraser , Frogbrook Zoë
Published: October 2024

Climate change-induced impacts on water-quality challenge risk management of drinking water. Uncertainty around future changes and limited resources require approaches that enable prioritisation at regional or national scale for planning and adaptive intervention. This paper presents a framework for risk screening drinking water supplies, providing a staged approach to building the capacity for integrating climate change into risk management. The framework is applied to drinking water sources of the Scottish national drinking water provider, developing raw water trajectories for indicative water-quality parameters (water colour and Escherichia coli). It establishes baseline understanding of water-quality controls through multivariate statistical analysis. It incorporates climate and land-use change into the model using climate (UKCP18) and land-use projections. The results suggest potential higher organic carbon production in soils from increased production with higher temperature, combined with reduced dilution and drought effects from reductions in summer rainfall. For E. coli, risks arise through land-use change leading to potential agricultural intensification. The framework supports the targeted development of climate-resilient Water Safety Plans, prioritising systems most at risk of raw water-quality deteriorations. It emphasises source protection to maintain or improve regulatory compliance, minimise socioeconomic and environmental harms, and generate additional benefits.
Water resources in Pakistan: a comprehensive overview and management challenges
Authors: Nazli Sana , Liu Jiahong , Wang Haibin , Soomro Shan-e-hyder
Published: October 2024

Pakistan has a range of water resources, including many rivers, large glaciers in the Himalayas, and significant underground water reserves, located throughout the country. However, the country faces considerable challenges in effectively managing these water resources. Employing a comprehensive review methodology, this paper examines policy documents and recent scholarly articles to analyze the current obstacles and propose viable solutions for sustainable water management in Pakistan. Significant challenges, including delayed policy implementation, insufficient regulatory enforcement, and inadequate data collection, hinder water resource management. Furthermore, there is a critical gap in integrating climate adaptation measures into water management strategies, which affects the resilience and efficiency of water resource allocation and utilization amid changing environmental conditions. It recommends significant policy changes that include economic measures such as water pricing, advancements in water recycling technologies, and approaches to improve climate resilience. Furthermore, this study proposes a comprehensive framework designed to tackle the complex challenges of water management. It suggests an integrated approach that combines policy, technology, environmental, and economic strategies to promote sustainable and resilient water use.
La profunda persistencia de las estructuras escatológicas cristianas en el mundo occidental actual
Authors: Vargas Vidal Luis Alejandro
Published: September 2024

La escatología cristiana, ha dejado una huella indeleble en el tejido del pensamiento occidental, infiltrando y dando forma a sus estructuras ideológicas fundamentales. Incluso en una época definida por un marcado secularismo, estas bases doctrinales persisten con una tenacidad sorprendente. El propósito de este estudio es demostrar cómo las narrativas cristianas de la historia, teñidas de esperanza escatológica, especialmente aquellas articuladas en las obras paradigmáticas de San Agustín, "La Ciudad de Dios" y "Las Confesiones", siguen ejerciendo influencia en la especulación filosófica, en la esfera política, en las visiones del progreso técnico-científico, y en las respuestas estratégicas a las crisis medioambientales actuales. Este trabajo sostiene que el intento de forjar una realidad enteramente secular es una ilusión. La estructura misma de nuestro pensamiento no es otra cosa que el legado de una cosmovisión cristiana, que ha sido recontextualizada, metamorfoseada y a veces secularizada en su forma y función. A través de este análisis, se desvelará cómo los esquemas y estructuras del pensamiento escatológico cristiano no solo han resistido el paso del tiempo, sino que continúan emergiendo como señales perdurables en la psique colectiva de la civilización occidental, influenciando en las interpretaciones de la historia y nuestras posturas contemporáneas.
Retinoic Acid Improves Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction by Inhibiting PI3K/AKT/YAP-mediated Ferroptosis in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhang Man , Liu Yun , Liu Yu , Tang Bailin , Wang Hongxin , Lu Meili
Published: October 2024

Background:

Vascular endothelial dysfunction is the initial factor involved in cardiovascular injury
in patients with diabetes. Retinoic acid is involved in improving vascular complications with diabetes, but its
protective mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of All-Trans Retinoic
Acid (ATRA) on endothelial dysfunction induced by diabetes.

Methods:

In the present study, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and high glucose (HG)-induced human
umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were observed, and the effects of ATRA on HG-induced endothelial
dysfunction and ferroptosis were evaluated.

Results:

ATRA treatment improved impaired vasorelaxation in diabetic aortas in an endothelium-dependent
manner, and this effect was accompanied by an increase in the NO concentration and eNOS expression. Ferroptosis,
characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron overload induced by HG, was improved by ATRA administration,
and a ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1, Fer-1) improved endothelial function to a similar extent as
ATRA. In addition, the inactivation of phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinases B (AKT) and Yes-Associated
Protein (YAP) nuclear localization induced by HG were reversed by ATRA administration. Vascular
ring relaxation experiments showed that PI3K/AKT activation and YAP inhibition had similar effects on ferroptosis
and endothelial function. However, the vasodilative effect of retinoic acid was affected by PI3K/AKT
inhibition, and the inhibitory effects of ATRA on ferroptosis and the improvement of endothelial function
were dependent on the retinoic acid receptor.

Conclusion:

ATRA could improve vascular endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/YAP-mediated
ferroptosis induced by HG, which provides a new idea for the treatment of vascular lesions in diabetes.
A new form of the medical record of a patient receiving medical care in inpatient conditions, in a day hospital as a criterion for the quality and safety of medical activity
Authors: Shlyk S. V. , Memetov S. S. , Zakharchenko Yu. I. , Sharkunov A. N. , Grishin D. V.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of the previously valid “Card” with a new form of “Card” filled in for patients receiving medical care in a hospital setting with the focus of the attention of practitioners on the new paragraphs of this document.Materials and methods: a comparative analysis of the medical record of an inpatient patient approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated October 4, 1980 was carried out. No. 1030 “On Approval of Forms of primary Medical Documentation of healthcare institutions” and the Medical record of a patient receiving medical care in inpatient conditions, in a Day hospital, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated August 5, 2022 No. 530n “On Approval of Unified Forms of medical documentation used in medical organizations providing medical care in inpatient conditions, in the conditions of the day hospital and the procedures for their management”.Results: based on the results of the study of two forms of “Cards”, the advantages of the new form have been established, which improve the quality of medical documentation and, as a result, taking into account the fact that the ECMP is carried out according to medical documentation, lead to a reduction in the risks of imposing financial sanctions on medical organizations during the relevant examinations. In particular, a number of shortcomings of the new form of the “Map” are indicated, requiring additional study and discussion with possible additions in the future.Conclusions: the relevance of the examination of the quality of medical care, which, as a rule, is carried out according to the medical documentation of completed cases, is reflected. It is noted that the correct filling in of all the provided graphs and lines will minimize the number of defects in the registration of medical documentation, which in turn will reduce the financial sanctions imposed on medical organizations during the ECMP.
Molecular biological markers of endometriosis
Authors: Burtsev D. V. , Dimitriadi T. A. , Syadneva N. P.
Published: October 2024

Endometriosis is a chronic hormone-dependent disease, which is typically characterized by the occurrence of benign growths of tissue, similar in functional properties and structure to the endometrium. This disease affects up to 10% of women of reproductive age, significantly reducing performance, fertility and quality of life. Diagnosis of endometriosis is based on clinical presentation, ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but diagnosis is often hampered by the lack of objective criteria. Despite the practical necessity, there are currently no minimally invasive, highly sensitive methods for diagnosing endometriosis. The article covers a review of modern literature data on the results of the search for molecular biological markers of endometriosis in ectopic foci and eutopic endometrium, the characteristics of their expression and the possibility of application in medical practice. Works cited in the study were selected using the keywords “endometriosis”, “microRNA”, “molecular markers of endometriosis”, “eutopic endometrium” in the search engines PubMed, MedLine. Publications had to meet the following criteria: published in the last 5–7 years; publication language – Russian, English; access to the full text of the publication; Literature not indexed in medical databases was not examined. Also excluded from the analysis were oncological studies, studies concerning extragenital forms of endometriosis, articles on methods of invasive diagnostics and surgical treatment. As a result, 29 articles were selected that met the selection criteria and maximally reflected the current state of the issue of non-invasive and minimally invasive diagnosis of endometriosis.
Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva at Rostov medical institute
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Kharseeva G. G. , Volkova A. E. , Shlyk S. V.
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes materials from the State Archive of the Rostov Region about Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermolyeva, an outstanding Soviet microbiologist and epidemiologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, creator of the first domestic drugpenicillin. Data are provided about her years of study at the Rostov Women's Medical Institute, and the nat the Faculty of Medicine of Don University. Archival materials are considered hat testify to the first stages of her career as a teacher and scientist at the Department of Microbiology of Don University.
The influence of family history of schizophrenic spectrum disorders on the clinical presentation of schizophrenia
Authors: Gashkarimov V. R. , Sultanova R. I. , Efremov I. S. , Sabanaeva I. E. , Iskhakov A. A. , Bakirov L. R. , Asadullin A. R.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to identify the characteristics of the clinical debut of schizophrenia, as well as clinical aspects related to hereditary aggravation within schizophrenic spectrum disorders.Materials and methods: patients with a confirmed diagnosis of F20.0 “Paranoid schizophrenia” selected according to inclusion/non-inclusion criteria participated in the study. Material was collected through clinical interviewing, analysis of medical records and documentation, and self-questionnaires.Results: a total of 264 individuals participated in the study. Hereditary aggravation with schizophrenic spectrum disorders within two generations was detected in 127 of them (48.1%). Our results showed that having a family history of schizophrenic spectrum disorders correlated with earlier age of schizophrenia debut (p=0.018) and higher scores on the Calgary Depression Scale (p=0.013).Conclusions: the findings may serve as an effective tool for developing more accurate diagnostic strategies in individuals at high risk of developing schizophrenia due to hereditary aggravation, as well as for the subsequent treatment of these individuals.
Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Vorokhobina N. V. , Fogt S. N. , Mazurov V. I. , Beliaeva I. B. , Galakhova R. K. , Balandina K. A. , Kuznetsova A. V.
Published: October 2024

Currently, systemic glucocorticoids are taken by about 1–3% of the general population, up to 1.8% long-term. Moreover, about 50% of patients taking these drugs orally develop glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency (GIAI) after their withdrawal. Despite this scale of the problem and the length of time the issue has been studied, there are currently no standard algorithms for reducing the dose or discontinuing glucocorticoids. The evidence base on this issue has been performed on relatively few clinical studies, which are extremely heterogeneous with respect to the populations studied, designs, regimens of glucocorticoid use, and diagnostic approaches to adrenal insufficiency. Thus, the weight of evidence on this issue remains inadequate, resulting in each institution having its own approach to dose reduction and discontinuation of glucocorticoids, or no approach at all. This article summarizes current information about GIAI, allowing for improved approaches to dose reduction or discontinuation of glucocorticoids. Improving the management tactics of patients who have been receiving glucocorticoids for a long time will lead to a reduction in the risk of complications of GIAI, including life-threatening ones, as well as to a significant improvement in the quality of life of patients.
Development of MyREADY Transition BBD Mobile App, a Health Intervention Technology Platform, to Improve Care Transition for Youth With Brain-Based Disabilities: User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Marelli Ariane , Rozenblum Ronen , Bolster-Foucault Clara , Via-Dufresne Ley Alicia , Maynard Noemie , Amaria Khush , Galuppi Barb , Strohm Sonya , Nguyen Linda , Dawe-McCord Claire , Putterman Connie , Kovacs Adrienne H , Gorter Jan Willem
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Transition from pediatric to adult health care varies and is resource intensive. Patient-centered health information technology (HIT) interventions are increasingly being developed in partnership with patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop an internet-based mobile app intervention for patients with brain-based disabilities to improve transition in care readiness.

METHODS

The app was designed for patients aged 15 to 17 years with brain-based disabilities having the ability to use a mobile app. A multidisciplinary team, an industry partner, and a patient and family advisory council was assembled. We hypothesized that existing tools could be migrated into the app to address education, empowerment, and navigation. We used cognitive learning theory to support chapters targeting transition in care skill sets. We used the agile iterative methodology to engage stakeholders.

RESULTS

We developed a novel MyREADY Transition HIT platform. An electronic mentor supported cognitive learning with messaging, quizzes, rewards, and videos. We used gaming to guide navigation through a fictitious health care city. Adapting existing tools was achieved by the patient and family advisory council requesting personalization. Our iterative design required time-consuming back-end technology management. Developing the platform took 24 months instead of our grant-approved 12 months, impacting the onset of the planned trial within the allotted budget.

CONCLUSIONS

A novel patient-centered HIT platform to improve health care transition was successfully developed in partnership with patients and industry. Careful resource management was needed to achieve timely delivery of the end product, flagging the cautious planning required to deliver HIT tools in time for the much-needed trials informing their clinical application.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03852550; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03852550
Understanding e-Cigarette Addictiveness: Triangulation of Focus Group and Netnographic Data (Preprint)
Authors: Andreas Marike , Grundinger Nadja , Wolber Nadine , Szafran Daria , Görig Tatiana , Mons Ute , Lohner Valerie , Vollstädt-Klein Sabine , Schneider Sven
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Numerous studies have shown that e-cigarettes are addictive. For example, we previously showed that users of e-cigarette online forums discuss experiences of addiction in a netnographic analysis. However, it is unclear what makes e-cigarettes addictive apart from nicotine. In a focus group analysis, we recently identified 3 unique features of e-cigarettes that users linked to experiences of addiction: the pleasant taste, unobtrusiveness, and unlimited usability of e-cigarettes.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to validate the previously identified features of e-cigarette addictive potential by triangulating data from the netnographic analysis and focus group discussions.

METHODS

Drawing on a netnographic analysis of 3 popular, German-language e-cigarette forums, we studied whether experiences of addiction were linked to specific e-cigarette features. We included 451 threads in the analysis that had been coded for addictive experiences in a previous study by our team. First, we conducted a deductive analysis with preregistered codes to determine whether the features of pleasant taste, unobtrusiveness, and unlimited usability were mentioned in relation to the addictive potential of e-cigarettes in the online forums. Second, an inductive approach was chosen to identify further possible addictive features of e-cigarettes.

RESULTS

Our deductive analysis confirmed that the features highlighted in our previous focus group study (pleasant taste, unobtrusiveness, and unlimited usability) were also frequently discussed in online forums in connection to addictive symptoms. In addition, our inductive analysis identified nicotine dosage as a significant feature linked to addiction. Users reported varying their nicotine doses for different reasons, leading to the identification of four distinct user types based on dosing patterns: (1) high doses for intermittent, (2) high doses for constant use, (3) low doses for constant use, and (4) switching between high and low doses depending on the situation.

CONCLUSIONS

Our comprehensive analysis of online forum threads revealed that users’ experiences of addiction are linked to 4 specific features unique to e-cigarettes: pleasant taste, unobtrusiveness, unlimited usability, and nicotine dosage. Recognizing these addictive features of e-cigarettes is crucial for designing cessation programs and informing public health policies to reduce the addictiveness of e-cigarettes.
“Doctor ChatGPT, Can You Help Me?” The Patient’s Perspective: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Armbruster Jonas , Bussmann Florian , Rothhaas Catharina , Titze Nadine , Grützner Paul Alfred , Freischmidt Holger
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence and the language models derived from it, such as ChatGPT, offer immense possibilities, particularly in the field of medicine. It is already evident that ChatGPT can provide adequate and, in some cases, expert-level responses to health-related queries and advice for patients. However, it is currently unknown how patients perceive these capabilities, whether they can derive benefit from them, and whether potential risks, such as harmful suggestions, are detected by patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to clarify whether patients can get useful and safe health care advice from an artificial intelligence chatbot assistant.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted using 100 publicly available health-related questions from 5 medical specialties (trauma, general surgery, otolaryngology, pediatrics, and internal medicine) from a web-based platform for patients. Responses generated by ChatGPT-4.0 and by an expert panel (EP) of experienced physicians from the aforementioned web-based platform were packed into 10 sets consisting of 10 questions each. The blinded evaluation was carried out by patients regarding empathy and usefulness (assessed through the question: “Would this answer have helped you?”) on a scale from 1 to 5. As a control, evaluation was also performed by 3 physicians in each respective medical specialty, who were additionally asked about the potential harm of the response and its correctness.

RESULTS

In total, 200 sets of questions were submitted by 64 patients (mean 45.7, SD 15.9 years; 29/64, 45.3% male), resulting in 2000 evaluated answers of ChatGPT and the EP each. ChatGPT scored higher in terms of empathy (4.18 vs 2.7; P<.001) and usefulness (4.04 vs 2.98; P<.001). Subanalysis revealed a small bias in terms of levels of empathy given by women in comparison with men (4.46 vs 4.14; P=.049). Ratings of ChatGPT were high regardless of the participant’s age. The same highly significant results were observed in the evaluation of the respective specialist physicians. ChatGPT outperformed significantly in correctness (4.51 vs 3.55; P<.001). Specialists rated the usefulness (3.93 vs 4.59) and correctness (4.62 vs 3.84) significantly lower in potentially harmful responses from ChatGPT (P<.001). This was not the case among patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that ChatGPT is capable of supporting patients in health-related queries better than physicians, at least in terms of written advice through a web-based platform. In this study, ChatGPT’s responses had a lower percentage of potentially harmful advice than the web-based EP. However, it is crucial to note that this finding is based on a specific study design and may not generalize to all health care settings. Alarmingly, patients are not able to independently recognize these potential dangers.