bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Fluorohydrazones as Useful Precursors in Nucleophilic Substitutions.
Authors: Yunoki Ryota , Yajima Atsushi , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi , Ishibashi Hiroyuki
Published: October 2013

C—F bonds in title compounds such as (I), (IV), and (XII) can be easily substituted with a wide range of nucleophiles in the presence of a mild base.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Heck Vinylation for the Synthesis of Complex Dienes and Polyenes.
Authors: Delcamp Jared H. , Gormisky Paul E. , White M. Christina
Published: October 2013

Different substituted dienes are obtained by using this Heck vinylation and also the long polyene chain (XII) can be synthesized in a highly stereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboalumination‐Epoxide Ring Opening for the Formation of 1,4‐Disubstituted (Z)‐3,6‐Alkadienols.
Authors: Zhang Quan , Jing Yuhuan , Myles David C. , Li Yong , Chen Yue
Published: October 2013

This reaction can be run on a 100‐gram‐scale.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Amines with Formamides: A New Approach for the Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Urea Derivatives.
Authors: Kumar G. Sathish , Kumar R. Arun , Kumar P. Santhosh , Reddy N. Veera , Kumar K. Vijaya , Kantam M. Lakshmi , Prabhakar S. , Reddy K. Rajender
Published: October 2013

The presented protocol employs copper(II)bromide as catalyst for the coupling of formamides with primary‐ and secondary amines at room temperature and gives access to unsymmetrical ureas bearing different alkyl‐ or aryl substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(II) Catalyzed Enantioselective Cycloisomerizations of 3‐Hydroxylated 1,5‐Enynes.
Authors: Zhang Yang , Jullien Helene , Brissy Delphine , Retailleau Pascal , Voituriez Arnaud , Marinetti Angela
Published: October 2013

Screening experiments show that a chiral BINOL‐derived Pt‐catalyst gives the best results in the cycloisomerizations of 1,5‐enynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Promoted Sandmeyer Trifluoromethylation Reaction.
Authors: Dai Jian‐Jun , Fang Chi , Xiao Bin , Yin Jun , Xu Jun , Liu Zhao‐Jing , Lu Xi , Liu Lei , Fu Yao
Published: October 2013

This new, simple, and mild title reaction allows the synthesis of different trifluoromethylated arenes and heteroarenes and tolerates various functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Cinchona Alkaloid/TMAF Combination: Enantioselective Trifluoromethylation of Aryl Aldehydes.
Authors: Kawai Hiroyuki , Mizuta Satoshi , Tokunaga Etsuko , Shibata Norio
Published: October 2013

Moderate to good enantioselectivities are achieved using the Ruppert‐Prakash reagent.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Stereoselective Allylic Trifluoromethylation and Fluorination Using CuCF3 and CuF Reagents.
Authors: Larsson Johanna M. , Pathipati Stalin R. , Szabo Kalman J.
Published: October 2013

Trifluoromethylation of allylic chlorides and trifluoroacetates tolerates several functional groups and proceeds with high stereo‐ and regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Hydrogenation of Nitroaromatic Compounds with a Nickel‐Oxide‐Supported Nano‐Palladium Catalyst under Ambient Reaction Conditions.
Authors: Yang Huimin , Cui Xinjiang , Deng Youquan , Shi Feng
Published: October 2013

The title catalyst exhibits high activity and excellent chemoselectivity in the reduction of nitro substituted arenes to the corresponding anilines.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Chiral Trifluoromethylated Material by Combination of Stereochemically Predictable SN2′ Reaction and Ireland—Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Ichikawa Tomoaki , Kawasaki‐Takasuka Tomoko , Yamada Shigeyuki , Yamazaki Takashi , Kubota Toshio
Published: October 2013

The starting material is easily constructed from mandelic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Polyfluorinated Diaryl Sulfides by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Aryl Exchange Reaction.
Authors: Arisawa Mieko , Ichikawa Takuya , Yamaguchi Masahiko
Published: October 2013

The Rh‐catalyzed reaction of symmetrical polyfluorinated diaryl sulfides and pentafluorobenzenes provides predominantly the corresponding unsymmetrical diaryl sulfides (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Method for the Synthesis of Highly Enantioenriched trans‐1,2‐Amino Alcohols.
Authors: Birrell James A. , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: October 2013

The oligomeric salen‐cobalt complex is used as catalyst for the enantioselective addition of phenylcarbamate to cyclic epoxides.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Arylation Using Aryltrifluoroborates in Conjunction with a MnIII Oxidant under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Seigerman Cydney K. , Micyus Tiffiny M. , Neufeldt Sharon R. , Sanford Melanie S.
Published: October 2013

The development of a mild Pd‐catalyzed C—H arylation reaction using potassium aryltrifluoroborates in conjunction with manganese triacetate as the oxidant is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Imidazolium Salts for Palladium‐Catalyzed Mizoroki—Heck and Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Amini Mojtaba , Bagherzadeh Mojtaba , Rostamnia Sadegh
Published: October 2013

Novel imidazolium salts, precursors of N‐heterocyclic carbenes, are prepared and applied as ligands in the title reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Oxidation of N‐Sulfonyl Imines with Hydrogen Peroxide—Trichloroacetonitrile System.
Authors: Uraguchi Daisuke , Tsutsumi Ryosuke , Ooi Takashi
Published: October 2013

Highly enantioselective Payne‐type oxidation affords optically pure oxaziridines with high variety of substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Reactivity of Allene‐Containing α‐Diazoesters Using Cu and Rh Catalysis.
Authors: Phelps Alicia M. , Dolan Nicholas S. , Connell Nathan T. , Schomaker Jennifer M.
Published: October 2013

A versatile intramolecular reaction of allene‐containing diazomalonates that exhibits excellent chemoselectivity for either C—H insertion or cyclopropanation is demonstrated.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective, Desymmetrizing Bromolactonization of Alkynes.
Authors: Wilking Michael , Mueck‐Lichtenfeld Christian , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Hennecke Ulrich
Published: October 2013

A variety of bromoenol lactones containing a tetrasubstituted alkene and an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter is prepared with high yields and enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Intramolecular C—H Arylation Using Aryl Pivalates as Electrophiles.
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Ferguson Devin M. , Kalyani Dipannita
Published: October 2013

The title reaction is efficient for the synthesis of electronically and sterically differentiated dibenzofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Construction of Spirocyclopentenebenzofuranone Core Structures via Highly Selective Phosphine‐Catalyzed [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions.
Authors: Albertshofer Klaus , Tan Bin , Barbas Carlos F. III
Published: October 2013

Benzofuranone derivatives (I) undergo [3 + 2] cycloaddition with Morita—Baylis—Hillman carbonates in the presence of a chiral 1,2‐ethanediylphospholane as catalyst under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Access to New Sulfolene Derivatives via Formylation of Thiolan‐3‐one.
Authors: Gordivska Olga , Listunov Dmytro , Popov Kirill , Volovnenko Tatyana , Volovenko Yulian
Published: October 2013

The synthesis of the title compounds (III) and (IV) and their application in the synthesis of heterocyclic sulfides is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A One‐Pot Stereoselective Synthesis of Electron‐Deficient 4‐Substituted (E,E)‐1‐Arylsulfonylbuta‐1,3‐dienes and Their Chemoselective [3 + 2] Cycloaddition with Azomethine Ylides — A Simple Synthesis of 1,3,4‐Trisubstituted Pyrrolidines and Pyrroles.
Authors: Sankar Ulaganathan , Mahalakshmi Susarla , Balasubramanian Kalapattu Kuppuswamy
Published: October 2013

Substrates (I) undergo alkylative elimination upon treatment with bromides (II) to afford (E,E)‐1,3‐dienes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A New CAN‐Catalyzed Domino Process Related to the Nenitzescu Reaction: Very Concise Access to Fused ortho‐Indolequinones from Simple Precursors.
Authors: Suryavanshi Padmakar A. , Sridharan Vellaisamy , Menendez J. Carlos
Published: October 2013

A two‐step method for the synthesis of potentially pharmacologically relevant ortho‐quinones (VI) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,3‐Thiazolidin‐4‐one Using Bi(SCH2COOH)3 as Catalyst.
Authors: Foroughifar Naser , Ebrahimi Sattar
Published: October 2013

The three‐component reaction of aromatic amines (II), aromatic aldehydes (I), and thioglycolic acid (III) furnishing the title thiazolidinone derivatives (IV) (11 examples) is efficiently catalyzed by a Bi/mercapto acid complex under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction and Functionalization of Pyranone Ring Fused with Pyran Moiety: Design and Synthesis of Novel Pyrano[4,3‐b]pyran‐5(4H)‐ones as Potential Inhibitors of Sirtuins.
Authors: Nakhi Ali , Rahman Md. Shafiqur , Archana Sivakumar , Kishore Ravada , Seerapu G. P. K. , Kumar K. Lalith , Haldar Devyani , Pal Manojit
Published: October 2013

A broad range of the functionalized title compounds is synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Waol A (I), trans‐Dihydrowaol A (II), and cis‐Dihydrowaol A (III): Polyketide‐Derived γ‐Lactones from a Volutella Species.
Authors: El‐Elimat Tamam , Figueroa Mario , Raja Huzefa A. , Adcock Audrey F. , Kroll David J. , Swanson Steven M. , Wani Mansukh C. , Pearce Cedric J. , Oberlies Nicholas H.
Published: October 2013

The γ‐lactones (I) and (II) are tested against two cancer cell lines, whereas compound (I) displays moderate cytotoxic activity against the SW‐620 cancer cell line, compound (II) shows no activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of the Trifluoromethylated Analogue of Isoaltholactone: 5‐Trifluoromethylisoaltholactone.
Authors: Chen Jun‐Ling , Chu Lingling , Qing Feng‐Ling
Published: October 2013

The synthesis of the first fluorine‐containing analog of isoaltholactone, 5‐trifluoromethylisoaltholactone (I), is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of New Chromeno‐Annulated cis‐Fused Pyrano[4,3‐c]isoxazole Derivatives via Intramolecular Nitrone Cycloaddition and Their Cytotoxicity Evaluation.
Authors: Bejjanki Naveen Kumar , Venkatesham Akkaladevi , Madda Jyothi , Kommu Nagaiah , Pombala Sujitha , Kumar C. Ganesh , Prasad Kothakonda Rajendra , Nanubolu Jagadeesh Babu
Published: October 2013

A broad range of chromeno‐annulated cis‐fused pyrano[4,3‐c]isoxazole derivatives is synthesized via a catalyst‐free PEG mediated 1,3 cycloaddition employing in situ generated benzylic nitrones is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Reactions Leading to Symmetric and Asymmetric Multi‐Substituted 1,4‐Dihydropyridines on Montmorillonite.
Authors: Liu Yu‐peng , Liu Jin‐ming , Wang Xin , Cheng Tie‐ming , Li Run‐tao
Published: October 2013

The use of montmorillonite K10 clay as promoter for the synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines (IV) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: On a Chemoenzymatic Desymmetrization—Ring Expansion Strategy Towards Functionalized N‐Heterocycles.
Authors: Thiel Daniel , Deska Jan
Published: October 2013

Enzymatic desymmetrization of meso diols (I) proceeds with excellent enantioselectivity in the presence of lipase MML.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of 3‐Nitroquinolines: Facile Access to Cyclic Nitro Compounds with Two Contiguous Stereocenters.
Authors: Cai Xian‐Feng , Chen Mu‐Wang , Ye Zhi‐Shi , Guo Ran‐Ning , Shi Lei , Li Yan‐Qin , Zhou Yong‐Gui
Published: October 2013

The first organocatalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of 3‐nitroquinolines is developed tolerating (het)aryl and styryl substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Synthesis of 2‐Propylquinolines under Multicomponent Conditions in Fluorinated Alcohols.
Authors: Venkateswarlu Ch. , Balaji P. V. , De Kavita , Crousse Benoit , Figadere Bruno , Legros Julien
Published: October 2013

A 3‐component Povarov reaction between butyraldehyde, aromatic amines and ethyl vinyl ether in trifluoroethanol followed by an oxidation, offers a convenient entry to differently substituted 2‐propylquinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Direct Amidation of Aldehyde C—H Bonds with N‐Chloroamines at Room Temperature.
Authors: Zhou Bing , Du Juanjuan , Yang Yaxi , Li Yuanchao
Published: October 2013

A direct amidation of 8‐quinolincarbaldehyde (II) is achieved by mild conversion of primary and secondary amines to N‐chloroamines followed by Pd‐catalyzed coupling with the aldehyde in the presence of AgSbF6 as chloride scavenger.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Pyrano[2,3‐b]pyridines from α,α′‐Bis(substituted‐benzylidene)cycloalkanones.
Authors: Bigdeli Mohammad Ali , Marjani Katayon , Farokhi Elinaz , Sheikhosseini Enayatollah , Ghazanfari Dadkhoda
Published: October 2013

The reactions are conducted under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Michael Addition/Iminium Ion Cyclization Cascades of Tryptamine‐Derived Ureas.
Authors: Aillaud Isabelle , Barber David M. , Thompson Amber L. , Dixon Darren J.
Published: October 2013

Tryptamine‐derived ureas undergo Michael addition/iminium ion cyclization reaction upon treatment with enones in the presence of a chiral BINOL derived phosphonic acid catalyst to give polyheterocyclic products with good enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Rapid Entry into Heterocycle‐Fused Benzylic Azepines and Azocines via Directed Metallation/Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Moss Thomas A.
Published: October 2013

Dienes (I), (III), and (V), are synthesized and applied in the ring‐closing metathesis reaction to afford a series of heterocyclic fused 2‐azocine derivatives (II), (IV), and (VI), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridinium Dichlorophosphinomethylides and 2‐Phosphaindolizines.
Authors: Sharma Anupama , Gupta Neelima , Bansal Raj K.
Published: October 2013

The formation of some new pyridinium salts (II) (yields not given) and phosphaindolizines (III) by treatment of pyridinium bromides (I) with PCl3 is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: P‐Ligand‐Free, Microwave‐Assisted Variation of the Hirao Reaction under Solvent‐Free Conditions; the P—C Coupling Reaction of <P(O)H Species and Bromoarenes.
Authors: Jablonkai Erzsebet , Keglevich Gyoergy
Published: October 2013

An environmentally friendly and more general method for the title synthesis is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Humulane‐Type Sesquiterpenoids from Pilea cavaleriei subsp. crenata
Authors: Liao Cang‐Song , Tang Chun‐Ping , Yao Sheng , Ye Yang
Published: October 2013

isolation and structure elucidation of nine new, uncommon humulane‐type sesquiterpenoids
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Ketoses by Aldol Reaction Using Water‐Compatible Prolinamide Catalysts in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Miura Daisuke , Fujimoto Takashi , Tsutsui Ayumi , Machinami Tomoya
Published: October 2013

Bifunctional prolinamido‐glycosides are described as catalyst for the aldol reaction of 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxan‐5‐one (I) with 2,3‐O‐isopropylidene‐D‐glyceraldehyde (II) to furnish product (III) in high diastereomeric excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Near‐Infrared Absorbing Cu12Sb4S13 and Cu3SbS4 Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photoelectrochemistry.
Authors: van Embden Joel , Latham Kay , Duffy Noel W. , Tachibana Yasuhiro
Published: October 2013

Tetrahedrite Cu12Sb4S13 nanocrystals are prepared from mixtures of CuCl, SbCl3, oleylamine, oleic acid, and 1‐octadecene (vacuum, 190 °C) followed by injection of bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfide.
ChemInform Abstract: Sodium and Sodium‐Ion Energy Storage Batteries
Authors: Ellis Brian L. , Nazar Linda F.
Published: October 2013

Review: 101 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Understanding Multiferroic Hexagonal Manganites by Static and Ultrafast Optical Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Yu Ting , Luo Chih Wei , Kobayashi Takayoshi
Published: October 2013

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonproteinogenic Amino Acid Building Blocks for Nonribosomal Peptide and Hybrid Polyketide Scaffolds.
Authors: Walsh Christopher T. , O'Brien Robert V. , Khosla Chaitan
Published: October 2013

Review: 239 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of N@C60‐SWCNT
Authors: Suzuki Atsushi , Oku Takeo
Published: October 2013

Review: 28 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Cyclization for the Synthesis of Complex Tetrahydrofuran‐Containing Natural Products
Authors: Pullin Robert D. C. , Lipinski Radoslaw M. , Donohoe Timothy J.
Published: October 2013

Review: 32 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetraheterodecalin Podands, Their Linkers, and Resulting Macrocycles: A Hoard of Constitutionally and Stereochemically Dynamic Systems
Authors: Fuchs Benzion
Published: October 2013

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Copper‐Catalyzed 1,4‐Additions and Allylic Substitutions with Nucleophiles Formed by the Hydrometalation of Alkenes
Authors: Sebesta Radovan
Published: October 2013

Review: 40 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Smart Drug Delivery Nanocarriers with Self‐Assembled DNA Nanostructures
Authors: Li Jiang , Fan Chunhai , Pei Hao , Shi Jiye , Huang Qing
Published: October 2013

Review: 110 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Olefin Metathesis in Aqueous Media
Authors: Tomasek Jasmine , Schatz Juergen
Published: October 2013

Review: about 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Reactions, Applications, and Biological Activity of Diethanolamine and Its Derivatives
Authors: Yar M. , Mushtaq N. , Afzal S.
Published: October 2013

Review: 197 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Acetamidines and Acetamidoximes Containing an Electron‐Withdrawing Group at the α‐Carbon Atom: Their Use in the Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Lobanov P. S. , Dar'in D. V.
Published: October 2013

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Snapshot of Ionic‐Liquid‐Tagged Proline‐Based Organocatalysts
Authors: Brozinski Hannah L. , Delaney Joshua P. , Henderson Luke C.
Published: October 2013

Review: 36 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Functionalized Cyclic Molecules by Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Propargylic Esters with Bis‐Nucleophiles
Authors: Yoshida Masahiro
Published: October 2013

Review: 31 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Properties and Reactivity of Gaseous Distonic Radical Ions with Aryl Radical Sites
Authors: Williams Peggy E. , Jankiewicz Bartlomiej J. , Yang Linan , Kenttamaa Hilkka I.
Published: October 2013

Review: 329 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aggregation of P‐Sulfonatocalixarene‐Based Amphiphiles and Supra‐Amphiphiles
Authors: Basilio Nuno , Francisco Vitor , Garcia‐Rio Luis
Published: October 2013

Review: 90 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Amino Acids via Homologation of Ni(II) Complexes of Glycine Schiff Bases. Part 1. Alkyl Halide Alkylations
Authors: Sorochinsky Alexander E. , Acena Jose Luis , Moriwaki Hiroki , Sato Tatsunori , Soloshonok Vadim A.
Published: October 2013

Review: 141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in Low‐Dimensional Copper(II) Molecular Magnets
Authors: Landee Christopher P. , Turnbull Mark M.
Published: October 2013

Review: 240 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: An Evaluation of CO2 Emission Reduction Through Carbonation Technology
Authors: Moazzem S. , Rasul M. G. , Khan M. M. K.
Published: October 2013

Review: 24 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stimuli Responsive Materials
Authors: Theato Patrick , Sumerlin Brent S. , O'Reilly Rachel K. , Epps Thomas H. III
Published: October 2013

Review: special issue with 23 reviews; <1000 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Watching Orientational Ordering at the Nanoscale with Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman Microscopy
Authors: Parekh Sapun H. , Domke Katrin F.
Published: October 2013

Review: 42 refs.
When users become sensors: can we trust their readings?
Authors: Tanas Cristian , Herrera‐Joancomartí Jordi
Published: October 2013

Smart sensor network arises as a new generation of sensor networks, where a crowd of possibly anonymous volunteers are involved in the tasks of collecting data from the surrounding environment and providing it to the community. In this paper, we analyze one of the main questions, often forgotten, in these scenarios: whether or not we can trust the sensor readings provided by the individuals engaged in the sensor network. We introduce a data reliability architecture capable of filtering and validating sensor readings in an open environment, where not all users are equally honest. Simulations based on a real world smart sensor application allow us to make a first analysis of the proposed architecture's performance and the variables that have a significant impact on this performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sand dune stabilization reduces infiltration and soil moisture: a case study from the northern Great Plains
Authors: Hugenholtz Chris H. , Koenig Daniel K.
Published: October 2013

Throughout the northern Great Plains of North America, there are large tracts of vegetation‐stabilized aeolian dune fields; some have transformed from desert‐like conditions to grassland only within the last 200 years. Here, we examine how this transformation has affected vadose zone hydrology by comparing infiltration and soil moisture on stabilized and active dunes at a dune field in Saskatchewan, Canada. At one active and one stabilized dune, we measured soil moisture dynamics throughout the 2010 growing season with time‐domain reflectometry sensors installed at four depths down to 200 cm below the surface. We also acquired soil samples from two active and two stabilized dunes ten times throughout the 2010 growing season to measure soil moisture dynamics down to 500 cm below the surface. Results indicate that while soil moisture was elevated at 25 cm depth in the stabilized dunes during the 2010 growing season, below that level soil, moisture was significantly lower than the active dunes and also more variable down to 500 cm. A comparison of surface hydraulic conductivity between one active dune and one stabilized dune showed that it was more than one order of magnitude greater at the former, presumably due to the elevated levels of silt, clay, and organics at the surface of the stabilized dune, which reduce the infiltration rate. Overall, we interpret the main difference in soil moisture dynamics to be caused by the presence of transpiring vegetation, as well as changes in soil properties attributed to the establishment of vegetation. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that during dune stabilization, the establishment of vegetation reduces profile soil moisture recharge. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dependence of Generator Parameters on Pulsed Power Ice Breaking
Authors: Ihara Satoshi , Kominato Yuichi , Fukuda Kazuyuki , Yamabe Chobei , Ushio Shuki
Published: October 2013

In this research, an investigation on breaking of ice using a pulsed power generator for navigation of an icebreaker in an ice‐covered ocean is described. In these experiments, a pulsed arc discharge was formed using a Marx generator. In order to investigate the dependence of the input energy required for ice‐breaking on the circuit parameters of the generator, the capacitance of the generator was varied. The input energy for ice‐breaking was calculated from the waveforms of the electric power. It was found that the input energy for ice‐breaking decreased as the peak power increased with a decrease in the capacitance of the generator. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(2): 1–9, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22317
A Wind Power Forecasting Method and Its Confidence Interval Estimation
Authors: Iizaka Tatsuya , Jintsugawa Toru , Kondo Hideyuki , Nakanishi Yosuke , Fukuyama Yoshikazu , Mori Hiroyuki
Published: October 2013

This paper describes a wind power forecasting method and its confidence interval estimation. Recently, flat control of wind power generators using various batteries has been required. In flat control, accurate wind power forecasts and their error confidence intervals are needed. In this paper, wind speed forecasts are calculated by regression models using Grid Point Value (GPV) weather forecasts. The forecasts are adjusted by fuzzy inference using the latest errors. The wind power forecasts are translated from the wind speed forecasts using two power curves. The power curves are selected or combined by fuzzy inference depending on the wind direction. The error confidence interval models are generated for each forecasting target time. Each confidence interval is combined by the other fuzzy inference. The proposed methods were applied to actual wind power generators, and it was found that the forecasting errors were smaller than in the conventional methods. Almost all of the forecasts can be within the error confidence intervals estimated by the proposed methods. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(2): 52–60, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22326
Small Conductive Particle Detection with a Microwave Resonant Cavity
Authors: Ikeda Makoto , Mase Atsushi , Uchino Kiichiro
Published: October 2013

The recent miniaturization and increased complexity of electrical devices have increased the influence of impurities on device performance, especially the influence of small conductive particles with a size on the order of micrometers. Therefore, the inspection of devices during the manufacturing process has become important. In this study, changes in the resonance properties of a microwave cavity were used to detect a metal particle. The decrease in the resonant frequency for a 100‐µm stainless steel sphere was about 0.1 MHz, which was less than 1 ppm of the resonant frequency used. This frequency change is too small to detect directly in the output of a particle detector. Transmission measurements (the scattering parameter S21) at a frequency that was a few megahertz higher than the resonant frequency where the S21 changes sharply were used to magnify signal changes resulting from the introduction of a small conductive particle. A resonant frequency of 13.3 GHz and a frequency 3 MHz higher were chosen for obtaining measurements in the present study. By applying a filtering technique, it was shown that the minimum detectable sphere size is around 50 µm. This sensitivity was experimentally shown to be uneven along the long axis of the cavity. The unevenness was related to the electrical field strength of the standing wave at the resonant frequency. For practical industrial inspection of devices, multiple frequencies should be employed in view of the present discussion. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 186(2): 61–67, 2014; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22490
Thiophostone‐Derived Brønsted Acids in the Organocatalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Quinolines: Influence of the P‐Stereogenicity
Authors: Ferry Angélique , Stemper Jérémy , Marinetti Angela , Voituriez Arnaud , Guinchard Xavier
Published: October 2013

A new approach to Brønsted acid organocatalysis is described and is based on the use of thiophosphonic acids possessing both a chiral backbone and a chiral phosphorus function. The influence of the phosphorus stereochemistry on the enantioselectivity proved to be crucial in the hydrogen transfer hydrogenation of 2‐phenylquinoline with Hantzsch esters.
Asymmetric Organocatalytic Protonation of Silyl Enolates Catalyzed by Simple and Original Betaines Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Claraz Aurélie , Landelle Grégory , Oudeyer Sylvain , Levacher Vincent
Published: October 2013

The asymmetric protonation of silyl enolates derived from tetralone, benzosuberone, and cyclohexanone has been successfully achieved by using simple and original betaine catalysts derived from Cinchona alkaloids (quinine and quinidine series) to afford the desired α‐substituted ketones in high yields and moderate enantioselectivities. The ease of implementation of this approach along with the easy accessibility of the betaine catalyst (four steps from cheap and commercially available quinine or quinidine) make this approach very appealing for the preparation of enantioenriched α‐monosubstituted carbonyl compounds.
Comparative proteomic analysis of different Toxoplasma gondii genotypes by two‐dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Dong‐Hui , Zhao Fu‐Rong , Nisbet Alasdair J. , Xu Min‐Jun , Song Hui‐Qun , Lin Rui‐Qing , Huang Si‐Yang , Zhu Xing‐Quan
Published: October 2013

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm‐blooded animals and humans. There are three infective stages of T. gondii: the tachyzoites, the bradyzoites, and the oocysts. The tachyzoite is a rapidly multiplying stage and the main pathogenic factor. In North America and Europe, T. gondii is consisted of four major clonal lineages (namely Types I, II, III, and Type 12). In this study, we explored the proteomic profiles of different genotypes (Type I‐RH strain, Type II‐PRU strain, Type II‐TgQHO strain, and ToxoDB 9‐TgC7 strain) of T. gondii tachyzoites by using 2D DIGE combined with MALDI‐TOF MS. Totally, 110 differentially abundant protein spots were selected. Of these, 98 spots corresponding to 56 proteins from T. gondii were successfully identified. These included surface antigen (SAG1), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp 70), disulfide isomerase, coronin, heat shock protein 60 (Hsp 60), pyruvate kinase, receptor for activated C kinase 1, and peroxiredoxin. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that most of the differentially abundant proteins were involved in biological regulation, metabolic process, response to stress, binding, antioxidant activity, and transporter activity. According to the KEGG metabolic pathway maps of T. gondii, some identified proteins were involved in the glycolytic/gluconeogenesis pathway. The present study identified differentially abundant proteins among different genotypes of T. gondii and these findings have implications for the better understanding of the phenotypic differences among the examined T. gondii genotypes, which in turn may contribute to the better control of toxoplasmosis.
Continuous flow nanoparticle concentration using alternating current‐electroosmotic flow
Authors: Hoettges Kai F. , McDonnell Martin B. , Hughes Michael P.
Published: October 2013

Achieving real‐time detection of environmental pathogens such as viruses and bacterial spores requires detectors with both rapid action and a suitable detection threshold. However, most biosensors have detection limits of an order of magnitude or more above the potential infection threshold, limiting their usefulness. This can be improved through the use of automated sample preparation techniques such as preconcentration. In this paper, we describe the use of AC electroosmosis to concentrate nanoparticles from a continuous flow. Electrodes at an optimized angle across a flow cell, and energized by a 1 kHz signal, were used to push nanoparticles to one side of a flow cell, and to extract the resulting stream with a high particle concentration from that side of the flow cell. A simple model of the behavior of particles in the flow cell has been developed, which shows good agreement with experimental results. The method indicates potential for higher concentration factors through cascading devices.
Global chain properties of an all l‐α‐eicosapeptide with a secondary α‐helix and its all retro d‐inverso‐α‐eicosapeptide estimated through the modeling of their CZE‐determined electrophoretic mobilities
Authors: Deiber Julio A. , Piaggio Maria V. , Peirotti Marta B.
Published: October 2013

Several global chain properties of relatively long peptides composed of 20 amino acid residues are estimated through the modeling of their experimental effective electrophoretic mobilities determined by CZE for 2 < pH < 6. In this regard, an all l‐α‐eicosapeptide, including a secondary α‐helix (Peptide 1) and its all retro d‐inverso‐α‐eicosapeptide (Peptide 2), are considered. Despite Peptides 1 and 2 are isomeric chains, they do not present similar global conformations in the whole range of pH studied. These peptides may also differ in the quality of BGE components chain interactions depending on the pH value. Three Peptide 1 fragments (Peptides 3, 4, and 5) are also analyzed in this framework with the following purposes: (i) visualization of the effects of initial and final strands at each side of the α‐helix on the global chain conformations of Peptide 1 at different pHs and (ii) analysis of global chain conformations of Peptides 1 and 2, and Peptide 1 fragments in relation to their pI values. Also, the peptide maximum and minimum hydrations predicted by the model, compatible with experimental effective electrophoretic mobilities at different pHs, are quantified and discussed, and needs for further research concerning chain hydration are proposed. It is shown that CZE is a useful analytical tool for peptidomimetic designs and purposes.
Development of imaged capillary isoelectric focusing method and use of capillary zone electrophoresis in hepatitis B vaccine RECOMBIVAX HB®
Authors: Rustandi Richard R. , Wang Feng , Hamm Christopher , Cuciniello Joseph J. , Marley Michelle L.
Published: October 2013

The hepatitis B virus vaccine consists of a major surface antigen called HBsAg, which is a lipid‐bound protein that self‐assembles into 22 nm spherical noninfectious virus‐like particles (VLPs). The HBsAg VLP particles are expressed in yeast and have been well‐characterized biochemically and biophysically employing various analytical techniques. In fact, a CZE method has been developed for monitoring process purification of the hepatitis B vaccine. Another CE‐based method, imaged capillary IEF (icIEF) has been used extensively in the field of protein‐based drug development as a tool for product identification, stability monitoring, and characterization. Here we describe the development of the icIEF method using the iCE280 instrument from ProteinSimple for measuring the pI and monitoring the profiles of HBsAg VLP particles. This method was applied to characterize the stability of the HBsAg VLP particles in three different formulation buffers. The results show that HBsAg VLP particles have a pI of 2.7 and it is one of most acidic particles that we have measured by icIEF. In addition to icIEF, we have also employed a CZE method to measure the electrophoretic mobility of HBsAg VLP particles and compared the results with icIEF and dynamic light scattering methods, showing consistent correlation among the three methods in terms of HBsAg VLP particles aggregation.
Genotoxicity of doxorubicin in F344 rats by combining the comet assay, flow‐cytometric peripheral blood micronucleus test, and pathway‐focused gene expression profiling
Authors: Manjanatha Mugimane G. , Bishop Michelle E. , Pearce Mason G. , Kulkarni Rohan , Lyn‐Cook Lascelles E. , Ding Wei
Published: October 2013

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an antineoplastic drug effective against many human malignancies. DOX's clinical efficacy is greatly limited because of severe cardiotoxicity. To evaluate if DOX is genotoxic in the heart, ~7‐week‐old, male F344 rats were administered intravenously 1, 2, and 3 mg/kg bw DOX at 0, 24, 48, and 69 hr and the Comet assays in heart, liver, kidney, and testis and micronucleus (MN) assay in the peripheral blood (PB) erythrocytes using flow cytometry were conducted. Rats were euthanized at 72 hr and PB was removed for the MN assay and single cells were isolated from multiple tissues for the Comet assays. None of the doses of DOX induced a significant DNA damage in any of the tissues examined by the alkaline Comet assay. Contrastingly, the glycosylase enzymes‐modified Comet assay showed a significant dose dependent increase in the oxidative DNA damage in the cardiac tissue (P ≤ 0.05). In the liver, only the top dose induced significant increase in the oxidative DNA damage (P ≤ 0.05). The histopathology showed no severe cardiotoxicity but non‐neoplastic lesions were present in both untreated and treated samples. A severe toxicity likely occurred in the bone marrow because no viable reticulocytes could be screened for the MN assay. Gene expression profiling of the heart tissues showed a significant alteration in the expression of 11 DNA damage and repair genes. These results suggest that DOX is genotoxic in the heart and the DNA damage may be induced primarily via the production of reactive oxygen species. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 55:24–34, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.†
Improvements in Symptoms Following Neuronavigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa: Findings from two Case Studies
Authors: McClelland Jessica , Bozhilova Natali , Nestler Steffen , Campbell Iain C. , Jacob Shirabdi , Johnson‐Sabine Eric , Schmidt Ulrike
Published: October 2013

Background

Advances in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) are most likely to arise from targeted, brain‐directed treatments, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). We describe findings from two individuals with treatment‐resistant AN who received 19–20 sessions of neuronavigated, high frequency rTMS, applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Method

Within‐session measures assessed changes pre‐rTMS, post‐rTMS in subjective eating disorder (ED) experiences. Weight, ED symptoms and mood were assessed pre‐treatment, post‐treatment and at 1 month follow‐up.

Results

In both cases, there was improvement in ED symptomatology and mood after 19–20 sessions of neuronavigated rTMS, and these changes persisted or continued to improve at follow‐up. Within sessions, Patient A demonstrated a consistent reduction in subjective ED experiences, and Patient B a reduction in some ED related experiences.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that rTMS has potential as an adjunct to the treatment of AN and deserves further study. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Power consumption in spatial cognition
Authors: Odeh Maha , Zorba Nizar , Verikoukis Christos
Published: October 2013

Multiple input multiple output adds a new dimension to be exploited in cognitive radio by simultaneously serving several users. The spatial domain that is added through multiple input multiple output is another system resource that has to be optimised and shared when possible. In this paper, we present a spatial sharing that is carried out through zero‐forcing beamforming. Power consumption in such a scenario is discussed and compared with single‐user case to evaluate the feasibility of employing spatial cognition from the power perspective. Closed‐form expressions are derived for the consumed power and data rate at different transmission schemes. Finally, a joint power rate metric is deduced to provide a comprehensive measure of the expediency of spatial cognitive scenario. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multimesh adaptive scheme for air quality modeling with the finite element method
Authors: Monforte Lluís , Pérez‐Foguet Agustí
Published: October 2013

A multimesh adaptive scheme for convection–diffusion–reaction problems for a large number of components is presented. The problem is solved by splitting transport and reaction processes. This way, the evaluation of the nonreactive part for each component and the reaction at each node constitute independent tasks. This allows to discretize each component of the solution on a distinct computational mesh, adapted on the basis of its error indicator. The standard single‐mesh strategy is used for comparison. Simulations of a point emission in a 3D domain are presented. Low remeshing periods of the adaptive scheme are found to be optimal, in terms of computational cost and accuracy, for the nonreactive problem. Examples with several reaction terms, with an increase of the complexity, are then presented. Results show that the accuracy of single‐mesh and multimesh strategies are similar. Instead, the computational cost of the multimesh strategy is lower than the single‐mesh in the majority of the examples; this process is controlled by the stiff behavior of the reactive term. The problem size of the multimesh scheme is much lower, and therefore, larger spatial discretizations can be simulated for a given available memory. The efficiency of the multimesh strategy increases with the number of species and the number of species that develop a plume. Finally, an example of a punctual emission considering realistic values of the initial concentrations and using the Community Multiscale Air Quality‐CBO5 reaction model, which involves 62 components, is presented; the small‐scale structure of the different nitrogen components near the emitter is captured. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic score of multiple risk‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms is a marker for genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Ping , Ye Dingwei , Guo Jianming , Liu Fang , Jiang Haowen , Gong Jian , Gu Chengyuan , Shao Qiang , Sun Jielin , Zheng S. Lilly , Yu Hongjie , Lin Xiaoling , Xia Guowei , Fang Zujun , Zhu Yao , Ding Qiang , Xu Jianfeng
Published: October 2013

Genome‐wide association studies have identified 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with bladder cancer; three of these SNPs were validated in the Chinese population. This study assessed the performance of these three SNPs, in combination, to predict genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer in Chinese. Three previously established bladder cancer risk‐associated SNPs (rs798766 in TACC3, rs9642880 in MYC, and rs2294008 in PSCA) were genotyped in 1,210 bladder cancer patients and 1,008 control subjects in Shanghai, China. A genetic score was calculated for each subject based on these three SNPs. Each of these three SNPs was significantly associated with bladder cancer risk in this independent study population, P < 0.05. The genetic score based on these three SNPs was significantly higher in cases than controls, with a mean of 1.05 and 0.99, respectively, P = 1.03E‐05. Compared with subjects with a genetic score <= 1.00, subjects with an elevated genetic score (>1.00) had a significantly increased risk for bladder cancer after adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status, OR = 1.58, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.21 − 2.06, P = 0.0007. When tested separately for lower (Ta) or higher (Tis, T1‐T4) tumor stage, the association was significantly stronger for lower (OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.66 − 3.01, P = 1.02E‐07) than higher tumor stage (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.00 − 1.78, P = 0.05), P = 0.001. In conclusion, A combination of three previously implicated bladder cancer risk‐associated SNPs is a significant predictor of genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer in Chinese. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sensory hyperinnervation and increase in NGF, TRPV1 and P2X3 expression in the epidermis following cast immobilization in rats
Authors: Sekino Y. , Nakano J. , Hamaue Y. , Chuganji S. , Sakamoto J. , Yoshimura T. , Origuchi T. , Okita M.
Published: October 2013

Background

Cast immobilization is known to induce pain in humans and experimental animal models; however, the detailed mechanisms underlying this pain have yet to be elucidated. Recently, several lines of evidence have indicated that morphological changes in sensory innervation and changes in the expression of pain‐related molecules in the epidermis are related to certain painful conditions. The aim of the present study was to temporally investigate the histological changes in the glabrous skin of the rat hind paw after 1, 2 and 4 weeks of ankle joint immobilization by casting.

Methods

The von Frey test and the plantar test were performed to examine noxious sensitivity of the skin. Immunohistochemical methods were used to assess sensory nerve fibre profiles and to examine the expression of the nerve growth factor (NGF), transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and P2X3 in the epidermis.

Results

Cast immobilization produced a time‐dependent increase in mechanical and thermal sensitivity. In the plantar skin of immobilized rats, both myelinated A fibres and unmyelinated C fibres were increased. NGF, TRPV1 and P2X3 expression levels in the epidermis were also increased. Although the level of NGF expression did not display a meaningful change throughout the immobilization period, other changes became remarkable, depending on the period of immobilization.

Conclusions

The time course of the increase in peripheral nerve fibres and in the expression of TRPV1 and P2X3 paralleled the development of hypersensitivity, which suggests that histological changes of the skin following cast immobilization may have some relation to the resulting hypersensitivity.
Critical analysis of cyanoacrylate in intestinal and colorectal anastomosis
Authors: Wu Zhouqiao , Boersema Geesien S. A. , Vakalopoulos Konstantinos A. , Daams Freek , Sparreboom Cloe L. , Kleinrensink Gert‐Jan , Jeekel Johannes , Lange Johan F.
Published: October 2013

Background

Although cyanoacrylate glue (CA) has been widely used in various kinds of medical applications, its application in gastrointestinal anastomosis remains limited, and outcomes of experimental studies have not been satisfactory. This systematic review summarizes research regarding CA application in intestinal and colorectal anastomosis, and correlates methodological aspects to experimental outcomes.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed using Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and Web‐of‐Science libraries. Articles were selected if CA was applied to intestinal or colorectal anastomoses. Included articles were categorized according to CA molecular structure; the method details in each study were extracted and analyzed.

Results

Twenty‐two articles were included. More than half of the inclusions reported positive outcomes (seven articles) or neutral outcomes (eight articles). Analysis of the methods revealed that methodological details such as CA dosage, time of polymerization were not consistently reported. Porcine studies, inverted anastomosis, and n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate studies showed more positive outcomes; everted anastomosis, and oversized sutures might negatively influence the outcomes.

Conclusions

Owing to the positive outcome from the porcine studies, application of CA in gastrointestinal (GI) anastomosis still seems promising. To achieve a better consistency, more methodological details need to be provided in future studies. Optimizing the dosage of CA, choice of animal model, inverted anastomosis construction, and other method details may improve intestinal and colorectal anastomoses with CA application in future studies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 102B: 635–642, 2014.
Screening study on hemolysis suppression effect of an alternative plasticizer for the development of a novel blood container made of polyvinyl chloride
Authors: Haishima Yuji , Kawakami Tsuyoshi , Hasegawa Chie , Tanoue Akito , Yuba Toshiyasu , Isama Kazuo , Matsuoka Atsuko , Niimi Shingo
Published: October 2013

The aim of this study is to identify a plasticizer that is effective in the suppression of the autohemolysis of the stored blood and can be used to replace di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in blood containers. The results of hemolysis test using mannitol‐adenine‐phosphate/red cell concentrates (MAP/RCC) spiked with plasticizers included phthalate, phthalate‐like, trimeliate, citrate, and adipate derivatives revealed that di‐isononyl‐cyclohexane‐1,2‐dicarboxylate (Hexamoll® DINCH), di(2‐ethylhexyl)‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydro‐phthalate (DOTP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) exhibited a hemolysis suppression effect almost equal to that of DEHP, but not other plasticizers. This finding suggested that the presence of 2 carboxy‐ester groups at the ortho position on a 6‐membered ring of carbon atoms may be required to exhibit such an effect. The hemolytic ratios of MAP/RCC‐soaked polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets containing DEHP or different amounts of DINCH or DOTP were reduced to 10.9%, 9.2–12.4%, and 5.2–7.8%, respectively (MAP/RCC alone, 28.2%) after 10 weeks of incubation. The amount of plasticizer eluted from the PVC sheet was 53.1, 26.1–36.5, and 78.4–150 µg/mL for DEHP, DINCH, and DOTP, respectively. PVC sheets spiked with DIDP did not suppress the hemolysis induced by MAP/RCC because of low leachability (4.8–6.0 µg/mL). These results suggested that a specific structure of the plasticizer and the concentrations of least more than ∼10 µg/mL were required to suppress hemolysis due to MAP/RCC. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 102B: 721–728, 2014.