bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrocardiographic abnormalities with quinine and artesunate combinations in comparison to quinine or artesunate alone in severe falciparum malaria
Authors: Tarai Anjali , Pattnaik Kali Prasad , Mishra Kumar Haraprasad
Published: September 2020

Background: In Multi drug resistant falciparum malaria anti-malarial combinations are frequently used i.e. Quinine and IV Artesunate. Quinine is associated with electrocardiographic disturbances. Artesunate in high dose produce QTC prolongation in animal models, so the electrocardiogram (ECG) is thoroughly studied.Methods: Severe falciparum malaria cases 15 to 60 years were randomly allocated into 3 treatment regimens i.e. Artesunate, Quinine alone and their combination. Electrocardiographic recordings were taken periodically in 3 groups and compared statistically.Results: The mean QTC interval is significantly prolonged in combination treatment group from 0.40+0.02 to 0.49+0.09 (P<0.05) ECG disturbance (44%). QTC prolongation was commonest (i.e. 27%) with electrolyte imbalance could produce life threatening cardiac arrhythmia (Polymorphic VT with Sr K+ 2.9). Artesunate alone was list prone (i.e. only 6%) Quinine though has comparatively more (i.e. 25%) but there is no life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia in artesunate and Quinine.
A clinical study of morphological patterns of cutaneous adverse drug reaction and its causality assessment in tertiary care hospital of central India
Authors: Shende Tanaji R. , Siddiqui Riyaz A.
Published: September 2020

Background: Adverse reactions to drugs are as old as drug. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are the most common type of drug reaction. Most cutaneous adverse drug reactions are important as they are frequently the reason for discontinuation of drug therapy. Looking to this matter the study was undertaken.Method: It was an observational study conducted at NKP Salve Institute of Medical Science & Research Centre, Nagpur Maharashtra. A total number of 80 patients having cutaneous adverse drug reaction were evaluated. All the patients were assessed for cutaneous adverse drug reaction during the study period and the information was carefully recorded in standard Adverse drug reaction (ADR) form and Naranjo’s algorithm was used for causality assessment of adverse drug reaction.Result: The maximum study subjects were in the age group of 41-50 years (32-50%) followed by the age group of 31-40 years (25%) followed by other age groups. In study group male to female ratio was 11.5:8.5. Majority of cutaneous adverse drug reactions comprise of fixed drug eruption which is 45%. Most of the cutaneous ADR’s were caused by antibiotics (42.5%) followed by Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) (20%). The study subjects were in probable causality assessment of Naranjo’s scale i.e. 82.5% followed by definite in (12.5%) and possible (5%).Conclusion: The fixed drug eruption was the most common cutaneous adverse drug reaction and most of these drugs eruptions were caused by antimicrobial agents. The study provided the base line information about the prevalence of cutaneous adverse drug reaction and their morphological distribution amongst different age group, gender and the causative drug.
Comparative study on efficacy and safety of morning dose versus evening dose of levothyroxine in treatment of hypothyroidism: an outpatient department based prospective interventional study
Authors: Mahapatra Umakanta , Maiti Ram N. , Purkait Bulbul , Saha Dipan , Mandal Sekhar
Published: September 2020

Background: One of the common endocrine disorders in India as well as in the world is hypothyroidism. The treatment of choice is giving levothyroxine supplement orally to the patient in an empty stomach mostly in the morning. Often many patients feel uncomfortable or inconvenient to take levothyroxine in the early morning. In those patients changing the administration time of levothyroxine may get necessary to increase the patient compliance.Methods: Drug naïve patients with primary hypothyroidism, randomly selected and assigned into two groups. Patients in group 1 received levothyroxine in the morning minimum one hour before breakfast and in group 2 levothyroxine was given at least two hours after dinner. Thyroid profile of the subjects was assessed at the baseline and reassessed after 8 and 24 weeks and compared with the baseline values.Results: After 24 weeks we found significant differences in the thyroid profile of the subjects between two groups. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was found to be 8.70 ± 3.3 in the morning group and 7.0 ± 2.3 in the evening group. TSH levels in the subjects taking the evening dose got closer to the therapeutic target range earlier than the ones taking the drug in the morning.Conclusions: Levothyroxine intake at bedtime can be a good alternative to levothyroxine intake in the morning for the patients taking concomitant medications.
Sulfadiazine induced Stevens Johnson syndrome in toxoplasmosis patient: a case report
Authors: Raju Sagar , Shashidharan Shilpa , Kurian Rani M. , Ramla Rima , Paingamkulangara Arun
Published: September 2020

Stevens johnson syndrome is an acute, self-limited disease, presenting as severe mucosal erosions with widespread erythematous, cutaneous macules or atypical targets. Even though sulfadiazine has been mainly associated with haematological-related adverse effects, sulfadiazine induced skin necrosis has received less attention or went unrecognized. Here is a 29-year- old Indian male received T. Sulfadiazine 500mg 1-1-1-1 and experienced a severe skin reaction which was diagnosed as stevens johnson syndrome (SJS). The above drug will be implicated in cases of stevens johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN). There are few case reports of that have been associated with stevens johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN). We hope that this case report creates awareness to the health care professionals. Clinicians must be aware of these adverse reactions and advise their patients to contact them as soon as they observe any unexpected clinical response. Early diagnosis helps the clinician to elude secondary infection and subsequent complications. The offending drug should be discontinued and never be rechallenged.
Correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and atherogenic index of plasma in adult hypertensive subjects in Olabisi Onabanjo university teaching hospital, Sagamu
Authors: Oresegun Olajide O. , Ogah Okechuku S. , Familoni Oluranti B. , Akinpelu Akintunde
Published: September 2020

Background: Hypertension and dyslipidaemia are two major modifiable cardiovascular risk factors with their co-existence having more than an additive effect on endothelial function causing atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in hypertensive subjects and to determine its relationship left ventricular hypertrophy.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional comparative one involving 120 hypertensive participants with LVH (subjects) and 60 age and sex-matched hypertensive participants without LVH (controls). Detailed history, physical examination, fasting lipid profile test, and echocardiogram were carried out on all participants.Results: The overall prevalence rate of dyslipidaemia in the study was 61.1%. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia in subjects (60.8%) was slightly lower than in controls (61.7%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.914). The most common isolated lipid abnormality in the study was elevated serum LDL-C (55% in subjects, 46.7% in controls), though the difference did not achieve statistical significance (p= 0.370). The mean atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was significantly higher in the subjects (0.34+0.23) than in the controls (0.22+0.28) (p=0.001). There was a positive correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and AIP (r=0.298, p=0.001).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia among hypertensive adults. There is also a positive correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and AIP among adult hypertensive subjects.
Frequency of celiac disease in patients with vitiligo
Authors: Sunu Cenk , Varim Ceyhun , Karacaer Cengiz , Kalpakci Yasin
Published: September 2020

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that occurs in the small intestine as a result of gluten intake in individuals. Vitiligo, in which autoimmune factors play an essential role, is associated with depigmentation due to the loss of epidermal melanocytes. Many autoimmune diseases are known to be associated with vitiligo. This study aims to determine the frequency of CD in vitiligo cases.Methods: Out of 61 vitiligo patients, 32 (52.4%) are women, and 29 (47.6%) are men; of the 119 healthy volunteers, 58 (48.7%) are women, and 61 (51.3%) are men. Serum levels of tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA and tTG IgG antibodies were measured in all participants. If at least one of these two antibodies are positive, mucosal biopsies were taken from the second section of the duodenum by endoscopy.Results: There is no significant difference between the study group and the control group in terms of age and body mass index (BMI) (p=0.16, p=0.80, respectively). tTG IgA and tTG IgG were positive in one patient in each group. In both patients, the results of the duodenal biopsy were histopathological compatible with CD. There was no difference between the vitiligo group and the control group in terms of CD frequency (p=0.56).Conclusion: The frequency of CD in vitiligo patients is similar to the control group. However, it should be kept in mind that the frequency of CD in patients with vitiligo may be higher than the rates assumed incidental, and necessary research should be carried out for early diagnosis in such patients.
Effectiveness and tolerability of formoterol plus glycopyrronium combination in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: FINE registry
Authors: Gopal Bharat , Satish K. S. , Garde Samir , Sit Niranjan Kumar , Kamdar Dipali , Muchhala Sameer , Jadhav Ashwin V.
Published: September 2020

Background: Long-term therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is progressing fast. Dual bronchodilation with long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) fixed dose combinations (FDC) have been available over the past few years. To evaluate the real-world tolerability and effectiveness of formoterol plus glycopyrronium FDC inhaler, a post-marketing surveillance study was conducted in Indian population.Methods: This was an open-label, observational registry in which COPD patients, who were prescribed forglyn (a brand of FDC of glycopyrronium 25 mcg and formoterol fumarate dihydrate 6 mcg dry powder inhalation). The effectiveness, safety and tolerability of this LAMA/LABA combination were evaluated for 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The safety and tolerability was assessed based on the incidence of adverse events (AEs). Effectiveness was evaluated based on change in total symptom score from baseline to end of 12 weeks. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was performed at baseline and end of 12 weeks.Results: Total COPD patients enrolled were 605, of which 78.5% were males and 21.5% were females. Patients showing improvement of symptoms at week 4 were 587 (97.02%).Overall, at the end of 8 week and 12 week 98.34 % and 99.49% patients showed improvement in the total symptoms respectively. About 0.49% did not show any improvement. AEs were reported in 64 (10.64%) patients with no serious AEs. Mean FEV1 of 476 patients before treatment was 1.53±0.68 L at baseline which changed to 1.85±4.74 L at the end of 12 weeks, with was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: In real-life clinical practice in India, formoterol and glycopyrronium FDC dry powder inhaler was well tolerated in COPD patients, and can be regarded as an effective option for maintenance treatment.
Clinical spectrum of patients with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Pulavarty Sriramchandra Rahul , Midathala Nagabhushana
Published: September 2020

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a neurological disorder which can present with sudden onset headache, visual disturbances, seizures and altered sensorium which is potentially reversible with early detection and treatment of the precipitating factor. The range of presentations is being constantly widened and this endeavour is a step towards understanding the wide array of presentation and primary etiology.Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 25 patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital with symptoms and imaging features suggestive of PRES. Thorough clinical examination and MRI brain were performed in all patients.Results: Out of the 25 patients, 18 (72%) were females and 7 (28%) were males. Most common symptom was headache (84%) followed by seizures (56%), nausea (40%), visual blurring (36%) and altered sensorium (20%). In patients presenting with seizure, 28.57% had recurrent seizures.The most common precipitating cause was postpartum state without hypertension (40%) followed by accelerated hypertension (28%), eclampsia (16%), chronic kidney disease (12%) and one patient of chronic severe anaemia had PRES following blood transfusion (4%). Most of the patients improved with no residual neurological deficit.Conclusions: Good neurological outcomes can be achieved by early diagnosis and appropriate imaging in patients with PRES. In pregnant and postpartum patients, PRES should be always considered even with normal blood pressure. Rapid correction of chronic severe anaemia is a rare but preventable cause of PRES.
A study to assess the role of raised total leucocyte count in diagnosis of acute appendicitis
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Chauhan Renu
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Total Leucocyte Count (TLC) is an easily available and commonly performed investigation and studies have reported various degrees of leucocytosis in patients with acute appendicitis. This study was performed with the aim to assess the diagnostic validity of raised TLC count in acute appendicitis.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted from 2013 to 2015, in the Department of General Surgery, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla. A clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made based on detailed history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations including TLC count. 50 patients with acute appendicitis were enrolled in the study by convenience sampling, after taking a written, informed consent. Appendicectomy specimen were sent for histopathological examination (HPE).Results: The mean age of the patients was 26.48 ± 12.28 years. 29 (58%) patients were male, and 21 (42%) were female. The negative appendicectomy rate in the present study was 14%. 7 (14%) were normal appendices, 31 (62%) inflamed appendices, 4 (8%) perforated appendices, and 8 (16%) gangrenous appendices as per HPE report. In our study, there were 12 (24%) cases of complicated appendicitis i.e., 8 (16%) cases of gangrenous appendicitis and 4 (8%) cases of perforated appendicitis). TLC had a sensitivity 76.74%, specificity 51.14%, positive predictive value 91.66%, and negative predictive value 28.57%.Conclusion: In our study, TLC was found to have low sensitivity and specificity for acute appendicitis. Hence, used alone, TLC may not be diagnostic of acute appendicitis. However, used in conjunction with other laboratory parameters, it will lead to improvement of diagnostic accuracy.
Electrocardiographic abnormalities in severe anaemia and its reversibility after correction of anaemia
Authors: Biradar S. M. , Holiyachi Renuka , Shannawaz Mohd , Teja V. Ravi
Published: September 2020

Background: Anaemia is one of the commonest clinical problems in our country. It affects various organs including the heart. Clinical manifestations of anaemia referable to cardiovascular system may closely simulate symptoms and signs of organic heart disease. It includes some electrocardiogram (ECG) changes also. ECG changes in anaemia show correlation to haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and the changes are reversible after correction of anaemia. In this study, the main objective was to study electrocardiographic changes in patients with severe anaemia and ECG reversibility after treatment of anaemia.Methods: 50 patients admitted in medicine wards of Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center, Vijayapura for severe anaemia (Hb concentration less than or equal to 7 gm %) were studied for ECG changes. All patients were reassessed for reversibility of changes after treatment.Results: Out of 50 patients with severe anaemia, 20 patients were having Hb % of 3 to 5 gm %. Of which 16 patients were having ECG changes (10 were females and 6 were males). All ECG changes were reverted to normal after correction of anaemia, except one patient (showed pre-treatment T wave inversion and post-treatment flat T waves).Conclusions: ECG abnormalities in patients with severe anaemia are more common in females. ECG abnormalities in patients with severe anaemia (Hb 5 gm %) can get reverted to normal after correction of anaemia.
Overview of novel routes of insulin: current status
Authors: Roy Lopamudra , Bhattacharjee Mounamukhar
Published: September 2020

Diabetes mellitus is the chronic pathogenic condition which is primarily due to inadequate insulin secretion and is responsible for major healthcare problems worldwide cost billions of dollars annually. For more than 84 years of time, Insulin replacement therapy had been used to manage to overcome the complications and this present review is based on the various routes of insulin delivery based on its safety and efficacy. Depending upon the effective duration of action, insulin activity varies from 1.5 to 27 hours and to reduce insulin burden, now a days it can be delivered in sensor-augmented pump therapy, various types of insulin Pen as well as routes like inhalation, colonic insulin, buccal, intra- peritonea and ocular, rectal, vaginal delivery of insulin etc. had been added to it. This review examines some of the recent proposals for various routes of application of Insulin delivery system along with the particular attention to its latest intervention of novel drug delivery system.
The effect of low-dose aspirin on the pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Davar Robab , Pourmasumi Soheila , Mohammadi Banafsheh , Mortazavi Lahijani Maryam
Published: September 2020

Background: The results of previous studies on the effect of low-dose aspirin in frozenthawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles are limited and controversial.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of low-dose aspirin on the clinical pregnancy in the FET cycles.
Materials and Methods: This study was performed as a randomized clinical trial from May 2018 to February 2019; 128 women who were candidates for the FET were randomly assigned to two groups receiving either 80 mg oral aspirin (n = 64) or no treatment. The primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate and secondary outcome measures were the implantation rate, miscarriage rate, and endometrial thickness.
Results: The endometrial thickness was lower in patients who received aspirin in comparison to the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.018). Chemical and clinical pregnancy rates and abortion rate was similar in the two groups and there was no statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: The administration of aspirin in FET cycles had no positive effect on the implantation and the chemical and clinical pregnancy rates, which is in accordance with current Cochrane review that does not recommend aspirin administration as a routine in assisted reproductive technology cycles.
Key words: Aspirin, Embryo transfer, Pregnancy rates.
Effect of embryo transfer depth on IVF/ICSI outcomes: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Davar Robab , Mahsa Poormoosavi Seyedeh , Mohseni Fereshteh , Janati Sima
Published: September 2020

Background: Although there has been remarkable advancement in the field of assisted reproductive technology, implantation failure remains a significant issue in most infertile couples receiving these treatments. Embryo transfer is important in assisted reproductive technology and directly affects the implantation rates and pregnancy outcomes.
Objective: To assess the effect of two different distance embryo transfer sites from fundal endometrial surface on the outcomes of in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles.
Materials and Methods: A total of 180 women who were candidate for IVF/ ICSI/ embryo transfer in Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility were equally assigned to two groups based on the distance between the fundal endometrial surface and catheter tip to investigate implantation, chemical and clinical pregnancy (group A: 15 ± 5 mm and group B: 25 ± 5 mm, respectively).
Results: The subjects in the group B showed significantly higher implantation rate, chemical and clinical pregnancy rate compared to the group A (p = 0.03, 0.01, 0.04, respectively). The rate of ongoing pregnancy and miscarriage indicated no significant differences between groups (p = 0.21, 0.27, respectively).
Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that the depth of embryo replacement inside the uterine cavity at a distance of 25 ± 5 mm beneath fundal endometrial surface have better effects on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF/ICSI cycles and can be considered as an important factor to improve the success of IVF cycles.
Key words: Embryo transfer, Endometrium, Pregnancy outcomes, IVF, ICSI.
Risk Assessment of Aflatoxins in Maize-Groundnuts Complemen-tary Foods Consumed by Ghanaian Infants
Authors: Omari R. , Anyebuno G.
Published: September 2020

Background: Complementary foods are given to infants when breast milk alone becomes insufficient in meeting their nutritional needs. The major objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Aflatoxins (AFs) in Weanimix complementary foods purchased from shops in Accra (Ghana), and to estimate risk of liver cancer development in infants. 
Methods: In total, 32 samples of Weanimix were purchased from shops in Accra, an urban centre and analyzed for AFs by Reverse-Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC). Previously published data on levels of AFs in Weanimix prepared in rural households were also collected. The data was analyzed to estimate infants’ daily exposure to AFs as well as the risk of liver cancer development.
Results: AFs levels of 18.8% of samples were above the maximum permitted limit of 10 µg/kg. The minimum and maximum levels of total AFs detected in all samples were 2.51 and 98.87 µg/kg, respectively with a mean value of 16.43 µg/kg. Exposure assessment showed that the minimum and maximum daily AFs exposures were 0.044 and 2.805 µg/kg bw/d, respectively for Weanimix from rural households; these rates for Weanimix purchased from urban shops were 0.014 and 0.55 µg/kg bw/d, respectively. The chances of liver cancer development would increase to 0.6 per year if infants were fed on Weanimix prepared in rural households with minimum AF level of 7.9 µg/kg.
Conclusion: The infants fed on Weanimix prepared in rural households would be at a higher risk of AF exposure and liver cancer development than infants fed on Weanimix purchased from urban shops of Ghana.
A NOVEL 5 TITIK 1 KOMA BY MUHAMMAD KAMAL IHSAN ON PERSPECTIVE AL-GHAZALI’S SUFISM
Authors: Nisa Khairatun
Published: September 2020

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the novel 5 Titik 1 Koma by Muhammad Kamal Ihsan contains aspects of akhlaki and amali sufism that are in line with Sufism Al-Ghazali's thinking, especially in the stages (maqâmat) and conditions (ahwâl) by which a person sâlik. However, there are differences in the formulation of elements of happiness that must be possessed, even though basically they are interconnected in their implementation.This novel tells the story of the struggle of a mute woman who is studying in Egypt named Zaritsa through the main character named Ihsan. Zaritsa 's determination has provided extraordinary experiences for other characters in this novel, so that they become better people and are more grateful to God for all the pleasures they feel. In addition to containing stories, this novel also contains an explanation of five points and one comma itself, namely gratitude, patience, confidence, sincerity, honesty, and love.The Sufism aspect contained in this novel which is also explained by Al-Ghazali in the form of maqamat is a spiritual level that must be attained by a sâlik and ahwal, namely the mental condition of a salik. Maqâmât and ahwâl contained include: Repentance, patience and gratitude, zuhud, tawakkal, mahabbah (love), sincerity, and honesty. Everything is in accordance with what was mentioned by Al-Ghazali, but there are differences in the use of terms such as the use of sincerity in the face of all the tests that Al-Ghazali called ridha.In addition to Maqamat and Ahwal, this novel also contains the formulation of happiness that will be achieved by Jiaka humans to have gratitude, patience, confidence, sincerity, honesty, and love. The formulation of happiness is in line with Al-Ghazali's view, but Al-Ghazali uses a different language, namely knowing oneself, knowing God, knowing the world, and knowing the hereafter. By recognizing these four things, then someone will surely be grateful, patient, confident, sincere, honest, and love as mentioned by the novelist.The suggestions conveyed based on this research are novel writers, especially Islamic novels to better popularize Sufism values, given the large number of people interested in reading novels compared to reading religious books directly. Researchers are expected to enrich their studies with other methods of literary research, so as to add to the treasures for research in literature, in the form of novels, films, poems, short videos, poems, songs and so on.
Value of magnetic resonance tomography in the evaluation of the efficiency of conservative treatment of various types ventral dislocation of the intraarticular disk temporomandibular joint
Authors: Medenikov A. A. , Serebryakova S. V. , Trufanov G. E. , Dulaeva N. M. , Gorbunova E. A.
Published: September 2020

Background. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly informative method for the diagnosis of various types of temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJ), which makes its use an integral component in choosing a treatment algorithm and evaluating its effectiveness.

Objective. Determine the value of MRI in the diagnosis, planning and effectiveness of conservative treatment of patients with various types of ventral dislocation of the intra-articular disk TMJ.

Design and methods. We analyzed the results of clinical and instrumental studies at the stages of planning, treatment and evaluating the effectiveness of conservative therapy in dynamics in 62 patients with complaints of pain in the joint area, difficulty opening the mouth and joint noise. Results. In patients from the dynamic observation group with complete ventral dislocation of the disc identified prior to treatment, conservative treatment underwent positive dynamics of clinical manifestations and the absence or negative dynamics of MRI results. In patients with partial ventral dislocation of the disk, there was a positive dynamic of both clinical manifestations and MR images after conservative treatment.

Conclusion. MRI is a fundamental method in the complex diagnosis of various types of ventral dislocation of the disk, the use of which in certain cases allows us to predict the ineffectiveness of conservative therapy and becomes a decisive factor in the appointment of invasive treatment methods.
Liderazgo, equipos y grupos de trabajo – su relación con la satisfacción laboral
Authors: Pérez Vilar Pablo Sebastián , Azzollini Susana Celeste
Published: September 2020

Se presenta los resultados obtenidos de una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos relacionados con la satisfacción laboral publicados entre los años 2000 y 2010. En el mismose presentan las conclusiones de distintas investigaciones que señalan la relación entre elliderazgo, algunos aspectos de la supervisión, los grupos y equipos de trabajo, y su influenciasobre la Satisfacción Laboral. La literatura revisada señala principalmente una relación positivaentre el liderazgo transformacional y el modelo de supervisión SWA con la satisfacciónlaboral. También la importancia de la influencia de ciertos aspectos grupales como la eficacia,la cohesión grupal y la necesidad de compartir valores para que el trabajo grupal sea mássatisfactorio que el trabajo individual.
Las psicologías del área social-organizacional en el Perú: 2003-2012
Authors: León Federico
Published: September 2020

Este artículo evalúa cuatro subdisciplinas de la psicología peruana. Un desafío para el psicólogo organizacional es ajustar sus buenas prácticas a la evidencia científica; aquellas formuladas en Estados Unidos o Europa no son necesariamente relevantes a toda empresa y población local. La psicología del consumidor tiene impacto popular, pero los cultoresno divulgan sus métodos y hallazgos con rigurosidad. Las contribuciones de la psicología comunitaria podrían fortalecerse si las hipótesis de origen psicoanalítico u otras perspectivas, fuesen formuladas con nitidez y sometidas a metodologías convencionales de evaluación de intervenciones. La psicología social peruana está contribuyendo al conocimiento de la realidad nacional y presenta hallazgos originales en temas de reducción de pobreza, identidad nacional, bienestar personal y efectos de la geografía.
Universidades saludables: una apuesta a una formación integral del estudiante
Authors: Becerra Heraud Silvia
Published: September 2020

Se presenta la propuesta de universidades saludables como un enfoque de promoción de la salud viable y necesario a trabajar en las instituciones de educación superior. Se expone su definición y características básicas, los pasos necesarios para facilitar su implementación adecuada y una reseña histórica acerca de los proyectos existentes en universidades de América y Europa. En el Perú existen varias iniciativas, entre las que destaca el trabajo realizado por el Consorcio de Universidades y, actualmente, el inicio del programa PUCP Saludable en la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Finalmente, se realiza una reseña sobre el trabajo realizado a la fecha por este programa.
Condicionantes ideológicos de la criminalización de la protesta social y el apoyo a la democracia en una muestra limeña
Authors: Rottenbacher Jan Marc , Schmitz Mathias
Published: September 2020

Se analiza la influencia del conservadurismo político de derecha sobre el apoyo a la democracia y la criminalización de la protesta social en una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de Lima (N = 201). El conservadurismo político de derecha fue evaluado utilizando medidas de autoritarismo (RWA), orientación hacia la dominancia social (SDO) y orientación política de derecha. Dos diagramas de sendero (Path Analysis) fueron propuestos: el segundo diagrama presentó un ajuste adecuado y propone, en primer lugar, una covarianza positiva entre el RWA, la SDO y la orientación política de derecha. Asimismo, tanto el RWA, como la SDO y la orientación política de derecha ejercen una influencia directa sobre la criminalización de la protesta social, mientras solo la SDO y el RWA ejercen una influencia inversa sobre el apoyo a la democracia. Finalmente, se observa una correlación inversa entre el apoyo a la democracia y la criminalización de la protesta social.
La violencia delincuencial asociada a la salud mental en la población salvadoreña
Authors: Gutiérrez Quintanilla José Ricardo , Portillo García Cecilia Beatriz
Published: September 2020

El presente es un estudio expos facto con un diseño retrospectivo y transeccional, que consideró una muestra probabilística de 1,143 personas (538 hombres y 605 mujeres) con un rango de edad entre 17 y 56 años o más. Los instrumentos de medida fueron la Escala de estrés y ansiedad delincuencial, y el Cuestionario de salud general. Los resultados revelaron que aproximadamente las tres cuartas partes de la muestra consideró que el contexto de violencia delincuencial afectó su salud mental. Existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Las mujeres y los residentes urbanos presentaron mayor número de síntomas de estrés y ansiedad delincuencial. Se sugieren recomendaciones para estudios futuros.
Estructura factorial del Driving Log en una muestra española
Authors: Herrero-Fernández David , Fonseca-Baeza Sara , Pla-Sancho Sara
Published: September 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo la adaptación del Driving Log, un cuestionario que valora los comportamientos agresivos y arriesgados al volante, en una muestra española de 395 personas. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró que el cuestionario ajustaba satisfactoriamente en dos factores, etiquetados como Conducción Arriesgada y Conducción Agresiva. Los análisis posteriores mostraron que el número de trayectos realizados se asoció significativamente a la Conducción Arriesgada, mientras que el número de veces en que se experimentó ira lo hizo tanto con la Conducción Arriesgada como con la Conducción Agresiva. Igualmente, se vio que los hombres se comportaban de forma más arriesgada y agresiva que las mujeres, y que los jóvenes lo hacían en mayor grado que los mayores.
Síndrome de Munchausen by proxy: definición, contextualización y factores psíquicos involucrados
Authors: Gomes Gonçalves Thomas , Germano Motta Maria Eduarda , Kegler Paula , Kother Macedo Mônica Medeiros
Published: September 2020

El Síndrome de Munchausen by proxy se refiere a una patología caracterizada por el abuso físico o emocional, en donde la simulación o producción de síntomas es direccionada al hijo, llevando a tratamientos de salud y cirugías innecesarios. Las dificultades diagnósticas de este tipo de abuso y los aspectos emocionales implicados llaman atención por los efectos destructivos en la subjetividad infantil, fruto de una falla en la capacidad de amar, proteger y priorizar las demandas del hijo. El Psicoanálisis ofrece una mirada que retrata un intento de elaboración de los propios conflictos psíquicos por la vía de la repetición de vivencias traumáticas. Así, se percibe la necesidad de una comprensión de la destrucción pulsional presente en la dinámica inconsciente materna revelada por esta modalidad de cuidado que se traduce en violencia.
Una mirada creativa hacia la superdotación. Posibilidades y dificultades en la identificación de la creatividad
Authors: Borgstede Sonja , Hoogeveen Lianne
Published: September 2020

El presente estudio busca reflexionar acerca del proceso de identificación de los niños superdotados o talentosos, a partir de un estudio sistemático de la literatura especializada, con el fin de brindarles una educación adecuada y estimulante desde edades tempranas. El procesode identificación demanda un proceso diagnóstico adecuado de la superdotación, enel que la creatividad es un factor determinante. La creatividad como concepto psicológico,es una categoría especialmente compleja, debido a que existen diferentes aproximaciones y definiciones de la misma. Este estudio contribuye a dar respuesta a la mejor manera en que se puede medir la creatividad en niños superdotados o talentosos, proponiendo recomendaciones al respecto.
Violencia en el noviazgo y pololeo: una actualización proyectada hacia la adolescencia
Authors: Valdivia Peralta Maruzzella Paola , González Bravo Luis Antonio
Published: September 2020

La presente revisión bibliográfica actualiza evidencia en torno a la violencia de pareja en relaciones de noviazgo, mostrándolo como un fenómeno particular, enfatizando aspectos como la prevalencia, para ambos sexos, que según lo expuesto en los distintos estudios revisados puede oscilar desde un 0.8% para la violencia sexual hasta un 98% para la agresión psicológica; factores asociados como abuso o iniciación sexual precoz, extensión temporal de la relación, rol de los padres y de los pares, entre otros y las consecuencias tales como: deserción esco- lar, embarazo precoz, trastornos alimentarios, victimización y expresión de rabia esto último fundamentalmente en los hombres. Se demuestra cómo el fenómeno presenta ciertas singularidades que justifican investigación más focalizada en particular durante la adolescencia.
Depresión en pacientes con esquizofrenia ingresados en servicios de agudos del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana
Authors: Llanes Basulto Yasmani , Barrios Hernández Yanquiel , Oliva Hernández Ignacio , Pimentel Noda Susel de la Caridad , Calvo Guerra Esvieta
Published: September 2020

Se evalúa la presencia de depresión en la fase aguda de la esquizofrenia y se identifican las características clínicas y psicosociales que puedan estar asociadas a la depresión. Se estudiaron 73 pacientes ingresados en los servicios de agudos del Hospital Psiquiátrico de La Habana, identificándose que la depresión es un síntoma presente en una parte importante de los pacientes con esquizofrenia, el 35.6% de la muestra presentó síntomas clínicamente significativos, y relacionados significativamente con la ausencia de vínculo laboral, la separación de seres queridos y un mayor número de ingresos. Es importante considerar la depresión y sus causas para desarrollar estrategias de tratamiento eficaces en este tipo de pacientes.
Voz, potência, ressonância e corpo na linguagem poética
Authors: Oliveira Maria Rosa Duarte de
Published: September 2020

Este ensaio tem por objetivo refletir sobre a voz a partir de uma perspectiva tanto ontológica quanto antropológica, em vez de tratá-la como uma questão puramente linguística, no sentido de discurso oral. Para isso, selecionamos alguns estudiosos que entendem o fenômeno vocal nessa direção, como Giorgio Agamben, Jean-Luc Nancy, Adriana Cavarero e Paul Zumthor. Num segundo momento, o desafio será o de investigar o lugar da voz em dois poemas selecionados, a fim de verificar em que medida essas diferentes concepções de voz podem ser dispositivos analíticos significativos para a crítica literária.
No fluxo dos recados: sobredeterminação e variações ontológicas em “O recado do morro” de Guimarães Rosa e A queda do céu de Kopenawa e Albert
Authors: Zular Roberto
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo busca uma aproximação entre os textos de Guimarães Rosa e Davi Kopenawa a partir de uma particular teoria da enunciação implícita em ambos, atentando para o lugar do morro e da montanha nas suas dinâmicas e buscando, enfim, desdobrar questões jurídicas e políticas implicadas nessa leitura. Como base desse encontro temos um outro entre José Miguel Wisnik e Eduardo Viveiros de Castro e seus campos de ressonância entre literatura e antropologia.
Bartleby do Brasil: O gesto interrompido na poesia de Paulo Henriques Britto
Authors: Serafim Fernando Mendonça
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo, pretendemos cotejar o conto “Bartleby, o escrevente: Uma história de Wall Street” com alguns poemas do carioca Paulo Henriques Britto a fim de identificar estratégias de linguagem que carreguem em si reflexões críticas e filosóficas sobre a construção do sentido do poema. O aspecto político dos procedimentos poéticos de atenção à realidade, sobretudo considerando a frágil condição da democracia brasileira, deverá ser igualmente observado.
A metamorfologia de Macunaíma: notas iniciais
Authors: Nodari Alexandre
Published: September 2020

O artigo busca esboçar novos caminhos de leitura de Macunaíma, demonstrando como a rapsódia está sobredeterminada por (ao menos) dois regimes de enunciação e imaginação (e corolariamente dois regimes criativos e temporais): o “ocidental” e o “ameríndio”. Adiantando uma série de questões da etnologia americanista contemporânea, a narrativa, enquanto sintoma da procura impossível pelo Brasil, operaria constantes transposições e equivocações entre um regime e outro, tendo como resultado um caráter (formalmente) metamórfico, irredutível a uma (única) morfologia.
ESTATUTO DO CIGANO: UM MARCO LEGAL NECESSÁRIO NO BRASIL
Authors: Andréa Gianfranco Faggin Mastro
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata da necessidade de estabelecimento de um marco legal no Brasil a fim de se garantir a proteção e direitos dos ciganos. Os ciganos sempre sofreram com o preconceito diante de suas tradições e cultura. Essa perseguição gerou efeitos devastadores em relação à população cigana, significando sua exclusão da sociedade contemporânea. Entretanto, medidas devem ser tomadas para se garantir a inclusão social dos ciganos, ao mesmo tempo que em que se preserve o seu direito à diferença. O problema consiste na busca do porquê de ausência de qualquer proteção legal específica à população cigana, enquanto o objetivo geral do artigo consiste, justamente, em jogar luzes acerca da necessidade do estabelecimento de um marco legal cigano. A metodologia adotada foi a de revisão bibliográfica de material (artigos, livros, matérias jornalísticas e legislação) acerca da inclusão social dos ciganos no Brasil, velando-se especialmente do método indutivo, a fim de se alcançar conclusão generalizada sobre a real situação do povo cigano no Brasil. Conclui-se que o Ministério Público Federal tem atuado em busca de conferir visibilidade às demandas ciganas, mas somente com a aprovação do projeto de lei que institui o “Estatuto do cigano” é que se estabelecerá um parâmetro e norte para a confecção e efetivação de políticas públicas em favor da população cigana no Brasil.
REFLEXÃO SOBRE A PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL NA RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO DO ADOLESCENTE EM CONFLITO COM A LEI
Authors: Régis Jonathan Cardoso
Published: September 2020

A realidade brasileira quanto a inserção do adolescente em conflito com a lei não é recente e, o presente estudo volta-se não apenas em procurar dissertar acerca do envolvimento do jovem infrator, mas e principalmente na possibilidade e necessidade da participação social nesse processo de (res)socialização deste ao convívio familiar e da sociedade a qual encontra-se inserido. Iniciou-se o estudo discorrendo quanto a noções acerca do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente – ECA, a previsão constitucional quanto criança e adolescente como sujeitos de direitos e as garantias jurídicas dispostas na legislação brasileira. Em seguida, buscou-se destacar a Doutrina de Proteção Integral, ou seja, assegurar sua aplicação de forma indistinta e sem qualquer espécie de discriminação ou diferença, garantindo o pleno desenvolvimento daqueles, bem como no que tange ao ato infracional e a aplicação das medidas socioeducativas no processo de reinserção a uma vida normal e digna, observada a dignidade da pessoa humana. Por fim e não menos importante, discorreu-se sobre a participação social na ressocialização do adolescente em conflito com a lei, participação essa imprescindível e fundamental nesse contexto e observância ao verdadeiro exercício de cidadania, seja reduzindo desigualdades ou estabelecendo, mesmo que minimamente um equilíbrio justo e consciente, socialmente falando para as presentes e, principalmente, para as futuras gerações, através de uma gestão pública compartilhada e participativa de políticas públicas a reinserção social do jovem em conflito com a lei.
The History of the Moscow Institute of Social Psychology (Based on Materials from Institute Meeting Reports. 1917–1924)
Authors: Lisitsyna Galina G.
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to draw the attention of specialists in the field of social sciences to a unique collection of documents at Moscow’s Institute of social psychology (1917–1924) created by V.M. Khvostov — a legislative science expert, philosopher, sociologist, who set himself the task of separating sociology and making it a specialized scientific discipline. The only work to date devoted to the Institute was an article written by its employee L.A. Byzov in 1923 (published in 2011), where he speaks about the history of the Institute, its development, achievements and failures from the point of view of a person who knows the situation from the inside. This makes it invaluable in terms of studying the history of the Institute of social psychology, in this work in particular, which provides more detailed information about the activities of V.M. Khvostov, the Institute’s employees and specialists involved in its work. These people were actually performing a scientific feat, creating a new direction in the field of social sciences, working in the extremely difficult conditions of the post-revolutionary era. The content and completeness of those of the Institute’s protocols which found their way into our hands, them currently being stored in the archives of the European University in St. Petersburg, are worthy of a full-fledged scientific publication that could write another page in the history of Russian sociology.
Where is Trauma Society Heading? A book review: Toshchenko Zh.T. Obshchestvo Travmy: Mezhdu Evolyutsiei i Revolyutsiei (Opyt Teoreticheskogo i Empiricheskogo Analiza). [Society of Trauma: Between Evolution and Revolution (Experience of Theoretical and Ap
Authors: Nemirovskiy Valentin G.
Published: September 2020

This review evaluates the monograph which follows up the cycle of seminal works on the controversial issues of social changes written by the prominent Russian sociologist — Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences RAS Zh.T. Toshchenko. His focus is on understudied aspects of the concept of a “trauma society”. This concept characterizes the situation of a specific modality, an intermediate option between the evolutionary and revolutionary paths of development. The concept of “sociology of life”, which has been repeatedly used by the author, is advantageous in terms of the theoretical understanding of this situation. Using solid statistical data, the monograph shows the apparent insufficiency of such concepts as “democratic and authoritarian path of development” when it comes to describing the evolution of any country. It is difficult to disagree with the author’s opinion, which states that these are ineffective as criteria for social progress or regression. Of undoubted interest for specialists is the typology of modern societies of trauma that is given in the work. This typology is based on the factors that have generated a socially traumatic situation. The monograph pays special attention to the manifestations of trauma in Russian society. The author’s extensive use of the results of representative empirical studies is an important advantage of the work. The monograph reveals the precise contours of an innovative academic project, which serves as a fundamental basis for further researching the complicated and poorly studied phenomenon of “society of trauma”.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Rafael dos , Aragão Pedro
Published: September 2020

Desde seu número inaugural, Música Popular em Revista tem se pautado pela compreensão de que a música popular se configura como um objeto complexo e multidimensional, cujo estudo demanda referenciais teóricos e metodológicos provenientes de distintos campos do conhecimento. Diante disso, a revista tem publicado artigos de pesquisadores ligados às áreas de Musicologia, Etnomusicologia, História, Sociologia, Letras e Comunicação, com o intuito de conseguir compreender as diversas dimensões da música popular.