bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Computed Tomography-Guided Localization for Pulmonary Nodules with Glue and Dye
Authors: Jiang Tian , Lin Miao , Zhao Mengnan , Zhan Cheng , Li Ming , Feng Mingxiang , Wang Qun
Published: March 2020

Background This study was aimed to describe a new localization technique developed using medical glue and methylene blue dye, and characterized the localization results and postoperative outcome to evaluate its safety and usefulness.

Methods This retrospective study was conducted at our center from January 2016 to April 2018. Totally 346 consecutive patients with 383 nodules who underwent preoperative computed tomography (CT)-guided medical glue and methylene blue dye localization, followed by lung resection, were enrolled in this study.

Results Mean nodule size was 7.7 ± 3.7 mm (range: 2–30 mm), with a mean depth from pleura or fissure of 9.4 ± 9.3 mm (range: 0–60 mm). The success rate of CT-guided localization for pulmonary nodules was 99.5% (381/383) of the nodules. Localization-related complications included mild pneumothorax in 16 (4.6%) patients, mild hemothorax in 7 (2.0%) patients, and hemoptysis in 1 (0.3%) patient. Pleural reaction occurred in 7 (2.0%) and pain in 25 (7.2%) patients. All 383 nodules were resected successfully, with conversion to thoracotomy only required in two patients for adhesion and calcification of lymph nodes. All patients recovered well postoperatively, with a short postoperative hospital stay (3.7 ± 2.0 days) and a low complication rate (2.6%, 9/346).

Conclusion CT-guided medical glue and methylene blue dye localization prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung resection was a novel, safe, and technically feasible method, with a high-technical success rate and a low-complication rate. It allowed surgeons to easily locate and detect the nodules and estimate the surgical margin.
Is Extended Trochanteric Osteotomy Safe for Use in Two-stage Revision of Periprosthetic Hip Infection? A Systematic Review
Authors: Malahias Michael-Alexander , De Filippis Roberto , Kostretzis Lazaros , Gu Alex , De Martino Ivan , Sculco Peter K.
Published: February 2020

Several clinical trials have retrospectively evaluated the role of extended trochanteric osteotomy in two-stage total hip arthroplasty (THA) revision for the management of periprosthetic joint infection of the hip. However, no systematic review of the literature has been published to date to evaluate the clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETOs) performed as part of implant removal during a two-stage revision for the management of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The US National Library of Medicine (PubMed/MEDLINE), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were queried for publications from January 1980 to April 2019 using the following keywords: “extended” AND “trochanteric” AND “osteotomy.” Six studies included in this systematic review assessed 305 cases (281 patients) of PJI treated surgically with two-stage revision combined with ETO at the first stage. The mean overall union rate of the ETO was 97%, while the overall rate of radiographic femoral stem subsidence >5 mm was 5%. In addition, the overall mean infection-free rate of two-stage revision combined with ETO was 94% (288 out of 305 operated hips), while the overall complication rate requiring reoperation was 8% (26 out of 305 operated hips). Finally, there was some evidence to show that two-stage revision with ETO was associated with improved infection-free rates compared with two-stage revision without ETO. ETO seems safe and effective in patients with well-fixed femoral stems who require two-stage THA revision for the management of chronic PJI. Two-stage revision with ETO might result in improved infection-free rates compared with two-stage revision without ETO.
Unusual Characteristics and Variable Expressivity in a Brazilian Family with Cherubism
Authors: Deconte Desirée , Correia Elisa Pacheco Estima , Haubert Géssica , de Souza Vinicius , Correia Jamile Dutra , Maahs Marcia Angelica Peter , Zen Paulo Ricardo Gazzola , Fiegenbaum Marilu , Rosa Rafael Fabiano Machado
Published: February 2020

Cherubism is a rare genetic condition characterized by a bone nonneoplastic disease. We aimed to report a 6-year-old girl with cherubism presenting similar cases in the maternal family. However, her mother and grandmother seemed to be asymptomatic. The patient had an enlarged and asymmetric jaw with multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes that increased in size with time. Sanger sequencing revealed a heterozygous mutation in exon 9 of SH3BP2 not only in the patient but also in her mother. Thus, we observed a variable expression and a probably reduced penetrance within the family, as well as unusual characteristics of the patient (in this case, the asymmetrical involvement of the jaw).
Building a CPTED research culture in Portugal: a bibliometric and social network analysis
Authors: Saraiva Miguel , Amante Ana , Santos Hélder , Ribeiro Paula
Published: February 2020

Although CPTED is recognized as an important crime deterrent for some decades, there are countries where it is still in its infancy, and knowledge and dissemination are scarce. Portugal is such an example. Only in the last decade has research specifically focused on CPTED, with little convergence between the different spheres of knowledge production, such as the academia, the police or the administration. In this paper, we argue that to build a CPTED culture, these spheres need to converge. Using the Portuguese CPTED experience as a case study, we apply methodologies of social network analysis to explore the relationships between different actors and the research time-line. Through a bibliographical analysis, we further delve on the authors and theories that most influenced Portuguese CPTED. This dual approach allows introducing the little known Portuguese CPTED experience to the international community, as well as discussing how the mechanisms of knowledge production integrate towards a more cohesive implementation.
Space weather on the Moon
Authors: Townsend Lawrence W.
Published: March 2020

Apollo missions placed astronauts outside Earth’s protective magnetosphere for days at a time. Future missions risk exposing them to solar and cosmic radiation for months.
Regulatory CD8 T cells that recognize Qa-1 expressed by CD4 T-helper cells inhibit rejection of heart allografts
Authors: Choi John Y. , Eskandari Siawosh K. , Cai Songjie , Sulkaj Ina , Assaker Jean Pierre , Allos Hazim , AlHaddad Juliano , Muhsin Saif A. , Alhussain Eman , Mansouri Amr , Yeung Melissa Y. , Seelen Marc A. J. , Kim Hye-Jung , Cantor Harvey , Azzi Jamil R.
Published: February 2020

Significance

There is increasing evidence that CD8
+
regulatory T cells (CD8 Treg) can modulate the immune response in the context of autoimmune disease, infection, and cancer. Here we asked whether this regulatory mechanism might control the host response to transplanted heart allografts. We report that CD8 Treg that recognize Qa-1, the murine homolog of HLA-E, strongly inhibits host production of antibodies specific for the donor organ. Since the production of antidonor antibodies is currently a major barrier to successful transplantation, identification of this Qa-1/HLA-E-dependent pathway may pave the way to approaches to this pressing clinical problem.
Children’s thinking-for-speaking
Authors: Aktan-Erciyes Asli , Göksun Tilbe , Tekcan Ali İzzet , Aksu-Koç Ayhan
Published: February 2020

This study investigates how children lexicalize motion events in their first and second languages, L1-Turkish and L2-English. English is a satellite-framed language that conflates motion with manner expressed in the main verb and path in a non-verbal element, whereas Turkish is a verb-framed language that conflates motion with path in the main verb and expresses manner in a subordinated verb. We asked three questions: (1) Does early L2 acquisition in an L1 dominant society affect motion event lexicalization in L1? (2) Is the effect of L2 on L1 subject to change due to decline in L2 exposure? (3) Do L1 vs. L2 lexicalizations differ within the bilingual mind? One hundred and twelve 5- and 7-year-old monolingual and bilingual children watched and described video-clips depicting motion events. For L1 descriptions, 5-year-old bilinguals used more manner structures than monolinguals. No difference was found for 7-year-olds. For L2 descriptions, 7-year-old bilinguals used more manner-only constructions compared to their L1 descriptions. For 5-year-old bilinguals no difference was found. Findings suggest that early exposure to a second language had an impact on how motion events are packaged, while decline in L2 exposure dampened the effects of L2.
Documenting linguistic and cultural heritage
Authors: Patpong Pattama
Published: February 2020

This paper aims to illustrate the relationship between documentary linguistics and ethnographic discourse analysis and to explore how language and cultural practices are connected in order to understand the linguistic practices and Black Tai death ritual as a key site of engagement. The Black Tai death ritual is selected in order to present the determined efforts made in maintaining Black Tai ethnic identity through cultural practices.

Nexus analysis is introduced and deployed in this research to present the significance of Black Tai’s key communicative activity and social actions involved. In the analysis, the Black Tai death ritual is investigated. The study shows that documentary linguistics makes a noteworthy contribution to understanding the Black Tai’s linguistic and cultural heritage. It reveals that although death rituals are practiced in much the same way as they were in the past, there have inevitably been some significant changes depending on the locations, with specific adaptations and adopted elements based on the surrounding cultures (i.e., Thai culture and religious beliefs) and socio-economic conditions. Black Tai communities are at a settled stage of their death ritual practices by integrating certain aspects of Buddhism into their rituals.

In order to construct a modern Black Tai identity among generations, younger generation engagement is challenging but it is essential for the inter-transmission of death rituals. With this dynamic cultural practice, the Black Tai are a good example of an adaptive and diverse ethnic group.
Attitudes towards Belhare, Nepali and English
Authors: Rai Ichchha Purna
Published: February 2020

This paper reports on a sociolinguistic study of the Belhare speech community which is a part of the Belhare language documentation project funded by the Language Commission of the government of Nepal in 2018. This article presents sociolinguistic information on Belhare, a lesser known speech community originally settled in Dhankuta, east Nepal. The main contribution of this paper is to examine domains of language use, language use among generations, attitude towards Belhare, Nepali and English, Belhare speakers as multilingual speakers, languages resources and language proficiency among children.
Towards education in children’s languages in Jharkhand, India
Authors: Pattanayak Binay
Published: February 2020

Jharkhand, India, is home to around 20 indigenous languages. People from around 33 indigenous communities use these
languages. Around 2010, the state used to experience children’s highest dropout from primary schools in the nation. In the
education system there was no clarity about how to address this persistent issue. In 2011, the author set up a research cell
titled M-TALL (Mother-Tongue-based Active Language Learning) akhra in the state. The center undertook a
socio-linguistic survey which revealed that around 96% children in the state did not speak in Hindi. They communicated in their
local indigenous languages at home, playground and market. The study also found out that children failed to understand their
teacher and textbooks written in Hindi. Initially the duty bearers did not pay any attention to the findings. The M-TALL
akhra researchers continued their exploration and collected a lot of learning resources from each community.
They developed bilingual picture dictionaries in 9 indigenous and regional languages for use in children’s early grades. Then
M-TALL akhra developed a pre-school education package. In 2016, the state government with help of M-TALL
akhra developed culturally sensitive new textbooks in 5 indigenous and 2 regional languages. Using these, the
state initiated a mother-tongue-based multilingual education programme in around 1000 schools.
Language revitalization and community initiatives
Authors: Bhattacharjee Bidisha
Published: February 2020

Language is an integral part of the social identity and ethnicity of a community apart from being its mode of communication. Language plays a key role to preserve the history, culture and identity of a community. In this era of globalization, cultural and linguistic homogenization is a common trend. The state and dominant linguistic communities expect ‘others’ or the minority groups to assimilate into the dominant culture and language. Arguments for the maintenance and revitalization of minority and endangered languages have been made by many linguists around the world. Language rights, language planning and language documentation programmes are some steps taken by government and externally-funded organizations to protect endangered and indigenous languages. Besides the initiatives taken by the non-members of the community, the future of an endangered language and culture has been decided by the role and attitude of the community towards its community-specific linguistic and cultural identity. India is a very diverse country as far as its linguistic and cultural heritage is concerned. This project is enriched with insights from field experience in various districts of West Bengal, a state in India, where the speakers of endangered linguistic communities are aware of their linguistic rights and are highly engaged in the language and cultural revitalization, and in that their degree of progress and success is commendable. This paper aims at demonstrating the major role played by the communities themselves in language-revitalization programmes.
Sociolinguistic survey of Nepalese languages
Authors: Gautam Bhim Lal
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a close inspection of the research conducted with a sociolinguistic survey of Nepalese
languages developed by Linguistic Survey of Nepal (LiNSuN) Project (2008–2018). The paper provides an overview of the linguistic
situation of Nepal with brief outlines of various linguistic surveys in different times. It also examines the various
sociolinguistic surveys (SLS) and their implications. Through a reflection of my personal engagement in various activities of the
surveys, e.g. Kaike (Regmi 2012), Bhojpuri and Awadhi (Thakur and Regmi 2013), Khadiya (Dahal and Yadava 2014),
Gangai (Gautam and Thakur 2014) and Thulung (Gautam
and Sapkota 2014), Aathpahariya (Regmi 2015) and Tharu (Yadav 2015), Limbu (Gautam and Thakur 2016),
and Dhuleli (Prasai and Regmi 2017) and Lohwa (Gautam 2017), and quantitative
information available in the literature, it is concluded that previous surveys have mainly focused on sociolinguistic features and
have disregarded the ethnolinguistic characteristics.
Poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)-cleavage enzymes from natural rubber-utilizing bacteria
Authors: Kasai Daisuke
Published: February 2020

Natural rubber and synthetic poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) are used industrially in the world. Microbial utilization for the isoprene rubbers has been reported in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)-cleavage enzymes that are secreted by rubber-utilizing bacteria cleave the poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) chain to generate low-molecular-weight oligo(cis-1,4-isoprene) derivatives containing aldehyde and ketone groups. The resulting products are converted to the compounds including carboxyl groups, which could then be further catabolized through β-oxidation pathway. One of poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)-cleavage enzymes is latex-clearing protein (Lcp) that was found in gram-positive rubber degraders including Streptomyces, Gordonia, Rhodococcus, and Nocardia species. The other one is rubber oxygenase A and B (RoxA/RoxB) which have been identified from gram-negative rubber degraders such as Steroidobacter cummioxidans and Rhizobacter gummiphilus. Recently, the transcriptional regulation mechanisms for Lcp-coding genes in gram-positive bacteria have been characterized. Here, the current knowledge of genes and enzymes for the isoprene rubber catabolism were summarized.
Tle1 attenuates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing NOD2/NF-κB signaling
Authors: Chen Wei , Zheng Daofeng , Mou Tong , Pu Junliang , Dai Jiangwen , Huang Zuotian , Luo Yunhai , Zhang Yuke , Wu Zhongjun
Published: February 2020

Liver damage induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) remains a primary issue in multiple hepatic surgeries. Innate immune-mediated inflammatory responses during the reperfusion stage aggravate the injury. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism of hepatic I/R has not been fully clarified yet. Our research focuses on the role of Transducin-like enhancer of split-1 (Tle1) in the liver I/R injury and the relation between Tle1 and Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2). To answer these questions, we constructed mouse models of I/R and cell models of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). We found decreased Tle1 accompanied by increased NOD2 during reperfusion. Mice pro-injected with Tle1-siRNA emerged aggravated liver dysfunction. Repression of Tle1 had a significant impact on NOD2 and downstream NF-κB signaling in vitro. However, alteration of NOD2 failed to affect the expression of Tle1. To conclude, our study demonstrates that Tle1 shelters the liver from I/R injury through suppression of NOD2-dependent NF-κB activation and subsequent inflammatory responses.
Growth induced buckling of morphoelastic rod in viscous medium*
Authors: Zhang Yitong , Zhang Shuai , Wang Peng
Published: March 2020

Biological growth is a common phenomenon in nature, and some organisms such as DNA molecules and bacterial filaments grow in viscous media. The growth induced instability of morphoelastic rod in a viscous medium is studied in this paper. Based on the Kirchhoff kinetic analogy method, the mechanical model for growing elastic thin rod in the viscous medium is established. A perturbation analysis is used to analyze the stability of the growing elastic rod in the viscous medium. We apply the results into planar growing ring and get its criterion of instability. Take the criterion into DNA ring to discuss the influence of viscous resistance on its instability.
Discharge flow of granular particles through an orifice on a horizontal hopper: Effect of the hopper angle*
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhu Hong-Wei , Shi Qing-Fan , Zheng Ning
Published: March 2020

We experimentally investigate the effect of the hopper angle on the flow rate of grains discharged from a two-dimensional horizontal hopper on a conveyor belt. The flow rate grows with the hopper angle, and finally reaches a plateau. The curve feature appears to be similar for different orifice widths and conveyor belt-driven velocities. On the basis of an empirical law of flow rate for a flat-bottom hopper, we propose a modified equation to describe the relation between the flow rate and hopper angle, which is in a good agreement with the experimental results.
Dissipative quantum phase transition in a biased Tavis–Cummings model*
Authors: Chen Zhen , Qiu Yueyin , Zhang Guo-Qiang , You Jian-Qiang
Published: March 2020

We study the dissipative quantum phase transition (QPT) in a biased Tavis–Cummings model consisting of an ensemble of two-level systems (TLSs) interacting with a cavity mode, where the TLSs are pumped by a drive field. In our proposal, we use a dissipative TLS ensemble and an active cavity with effective gain. In the weak drive-field limit, the QPT can occur under the combined actions of the loss and gain of the system. Owing to the active cavity, the QPT behavior can be much differentiated even for a finite strength of the drive field on the TLS ensemble. Also, we propose to implement our scheme based on the dissipative nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers coupled to an active optical cavity made from the gain-medium-doped silica. Furthermore, we show that the QPT can be measured by probing the transmission spectrum of the cavity embedding the ensemble of the NV centers.
Design and Analysis of Rotor Line Type for Three-lobe Roots Blower
Authors: Jian-feng Gu , kai-jun Zhou
Published: February 2020

In order to improve and solve the capability of small and medium enterprises to design new products, the principle of operation of the three-lobe Roots blower rotor was firstly analyzed, and the characteristics of meshing of the rotor profile were analyzed. The meshing design formula was given. Based on this, the 3L41WD involute Roots blower design was taken as an example to calculate its full line type and to analyze and determine the meshing tolerance. Finally, the field test proved the rationality of the design, and provided guidance for SMEs to rapidly design the involute Roots blower rotor.
Characteristics analyses of energy consumption for bridge crane based on the energy flow
Authors: Fei Shuai , Zhihao Ge , Yifei Tong , Xiangdong Li
Published: February 2020

Aiming at the problems of energy consumption disorder and energy waste of bridge crane, based on the characteristics analysis of working condition and energy consumption, the power balance equation is established combining with the energy transmission process of bridge crane, which provides an important theoretical basis for the evaluation of crane energy consumption.
Penetration resistance of concrete reinforced by hybrid fibre subjected to multiple projectile impacts
Authors: Ma Jiajun , Yan Luhui , Xu Mohan
Published: February 2020

Penetration resistance of steel-ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (S-UHMWPE) hybrid-fibre-reinforced concrete under multiple projectile impacts are investigated. In this paper, 16 sets of hybrids with various hybridizations were designed and prepared considering 0%-1.5% steel fibre volume and 0%-0.3% UHMWPE fibre volume. Each hybrid-fibre concrete target was stroke triple times sequentially under 12.7mm armor-piercing projectile. The projectile impact locations are among the middle of the target in equilateral triangle shape. After each penetration, depth of penetration (DOP) and crater area were investigated. Results show that hybrid-fibre concrete performs much better than steel or UHMWPE fibre reinforced concrete with less crater area and lower DOP for hybrid-fibre concrete combines the reinforcement and toughening effect of UHMWPE fibre on concrete’s tensile strength and strengthening effect of steel fibre on concrete’s compressive strength. Besides, the crater area caused by each impact decreased with the number of strikes increases.
Evaluation of the curvature ductility ratio of a circular cross-section of concrete reinforced with GFRP bars
Authors: Pichardo C , Tovar W , Fernandez-Davila V I
Published: February 2020

The present study deals with the use of fiberglass reinforced polymer bars (GFRP) as a replacement for the common steel of a reinforced concrete circular pile, in order to avoid the corrosion of durability of reinforcing bars and thus improve them. The comparative analysis was carried out between a pile reinforced with GFRP and another with steel, where the ductility was evaluated by obtaining moment-curvature diagram. As a result, said idealized moment-curvature diagrams and ductility indices are presented, concluding the ductility of the section reinforced with GFRP in 20% more than that of steel.
Study on ZnO Varistors Doped with Y2O3 by Microwave Two-step Sintering
Authors: Peng Yongjing , Fang Zhen , Wang Bowen , Hu Jianping , Xie Pengkang
Published: February 2020

The zinc oxide varistor prepared in this paper is mainly composed of submicron zinc oxide powder and dopants, and is prepared by two-step sintering method, which is in contrast with traditional sintering method and ordinary microwave sintering method. The effects of microwave sintering temperature and holding time on the microstructure and electrical properties of ZnO varistors were investigated. The results show that the potential gradient of microwave sintering is higher than that of traditional sintering, but the leakage current also increases. Compared with ordinary microwave sintering, the two-step sintering can further effectively reduce the grain size, enhance densification, not only improve the potential gradient, but also reduce leakage current. In two-step sintering, increasing sintering temperature can effectively reduce leakage current and non-linear coefficient, but the potential gradient is also greatly reduced. When the holding time is more than 1 hour, there is little difference in electrical performance. When the holding time is too small, its electrical performance is weak overall.
Application and Development of the Super-large Diameter Column Foundation of Bridge
Authors: Qiaodan Ye , Junjie Wang , Changjiang Wang
Published: February 2020

With the increase of span, the structural form of bridge foundation is seeking for development. The super-large diameter column foundation has become one of the best alternatives for bridge substructures. With the development of bridge foundation, the application status of the super-large diameter column foundation is combed. Its construction methods are briefly summarized, such as artificial digging, embedding prestressed pipe and super-large diameter bored pile, which promote the application of single column foundation. In the future, engineers can also get inspiration from the offshore wind turbine and seek new development ideas. Combined with the application of super-large diameter column foundation in the cross-sea bridge at home and abroad, the unique advantages and the problems needed to be solved in the practical application of the super-large diameter column foundation of bridge are pointed out, and its development is prospected.
Properties of AlN-MWCNTs/epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Xie Fang , Diao Guiqiang , Qiang Na , Xiao Dingshu
Published: February 2020

Synergistic effect of AlN in combination with MWCNTs in AlN-MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites was found. Thermal conductivity of AlN-MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites increased obviously with the increase of AlN content. The added AlN can be filled in the networks of MWCNTs to form a more dense three-dimensional thermal conductivity network and provide more thermal conductivity channels. In addition to that, mechanical and flame-retardant properties of the nanocomposites were improved also. AlN-MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites presented optimum mechanical properties with the addition of 5∼7.5%wt AlN powder. With the addition of AlN powder in AlN-MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites, its LOI value is increased from 30.8% to 43.4% and UL 94 test achieves V-0 ranking.
Microstructure and mechanical characterization of high strength low alloy steel welded joint by hybrid laser arc welding
Authors: Bao Liang Liang , Wang Yong , Han Tao
Published: February 2020

Hybrid laser arc welding was developed to joint EQ70 steels. Welds with no visible defects were obtained. Investigations on microstructure and mechanical properties showed that: the welded metal (WM) consisted of acicular ferrite (AF), granular bainite (GB) and M-A constituents. The arc zone and laser zone possessed semblable HAZ microstructures. Coarse grained heat affected zone (CGHAZ) and fine grained HAZ (FGHAZ) were both composed of lath martensite (LM), GB and polygonal ferrite (PF). The intercritically HAZ (ICHAZ) consisted of martensite and M-A constituents. The microstructure of the subcritically HAZ (SCHAZ) was tempered sorbite. Partly cracked blocky M-A constituents were found at the grain boundary of intercritically reheated CGHAZ (ICCGHAZ). Some M-A constituents was slender and distributed in the grain of ICCGHAZ. The arc zone and laser zone had similar hardness and micro-shear strength distributions. The highest hardness and micro-shear strength of the backing and double-pass welded joints appeared near CGHAZs, reheated WM and ICCGHAZ. Slightly soften showed up at the SCHAZs. SCHAZ, CGHAZ and ICCGHAZ showed a reduction of micro-shear toughness. -40°C sub-size Charpy impact testing showed that FL specimens possessed the lowest impact values. The coarse CGHAZs and cracked blocky M-A constituents of ICCGHAZ may be the reason caused the toughness deterioration.
Mathematical modeling and analysis of energy conversion efficiency of particle jet accelerating nozzle
Authors: Fang Tiancheng , Ren Fushen , Cheng Xiaoze , Hu Qing , Tong Tiexin
Published: February 2020

The impact kinetic energy of particle jet determines rock-breaking effect and velocity, and as acceleration device of particle jet, the energy conversion efficiency of nozzle determines rock-breaking efficiency. According to three different types of nozzles of the straight-taper nozzle, the pressure drop model and energy conversion efficiency of particle jet was established, and the energy conversion efficiency under different type nozzles was studied. And then, the acceleration ability of different nozzles for was analyzed with simulation. The results of model calculation and simulation show that constant-acceleration nozzle has the best acceleration ability and energy conversion efficiency. The rock-breaking experiment was carried out with the adopted nozzle, and comparison analysis between experimental results and numerical calculation prove that the applicability of mathematical model.
Stabilization of a Subgrade Composed by Low Plasticity Clay with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Ormeño E , Rivas N , Duran G , Soto M
Published: February 2020

The construction of road works in the world has always been a challenge for engineering, especially in areas where the conditions and types of soil are not adequate for the execution of this type of projects. The present investigation has as main objective to determine the influence that has the rice husk ash (RHA) to stabilize the subgrade layer of a pavement, composed of a low resistance clayey soil. RHA is a waste and pollutant material for the environment; therefore that its use can be considered as an economic and ecological alternative. Thus, several tests were carried out where it proved the value of CBR increased from 4.30% to 20.70%, by adding a 20% RHA dosage, achieving its optimum value to be considered a very good subgrade. In this way, it is possible to affirm that the addition of RHA improves the geotechnical properties of the soil.
Cracking Control in Mezzanine Floor Slabs using Rice Husk Ash and Polypropylene Fibers
Authors: Cano B , Galarza J , Rodríguez J , García F
Published: February 2020

The continuous population increase in recent years requires a greater number of households to be built quickly, with good materials and produced under quality standards that guarantee their manufacturing process. The prefabricated concrete, produced and supplied by concrete plants, is poured into the different structural elements, the mezzanine slabs being the most careful surfaces in the appearance of fissures; because being horizontal and having larger dimensions, the dimensional changes in the concrete appear more frequently due to the rapid loss of water from the surface of the concrete before setting; which generates superior stresses to the resistant capacity of the concrete at early ages, which affect the durability and reduce the resistance of the structures, causing greater economic expenses in maintenance and repairs. In the present investigation, 5%, 10% and 15% of rice husk ash was used as a replacement for cement and 900g/m3of polypropylene fiber; The results indicate that as the percentage of rice husk ash increases, there is a reduction in the slump and the crack fissures, and that the resistance to compression and flexion decreases, with respect to the concrete pattern.
Wavy water thin-film characteristics on horizontal plate using PLIF Experimental
Authors: Moustafa Mohamed , Ruifeng Tian , Emam Islam S.
Published: February 2020

Nonlinear Thin liquid film is commonly applied in numerous engineering fields, including the Passive Containment Cooling System of the nuclear power plant and steam dryer in the steam generator of nuclear power plants. The counter gas flow effect through a rectangular channel was inspected, the flow is motivated by the pressure gradient and shear gas stress while the gravity force does not influence the flow. Different flow rates of gas were set to different Reynolds numbers from 6950 to 34800 with influence on a different range of input water Reynolds number from 170 to 875 respectively. The data was collected at different sections from inlet flow until the separation section. The thickness of liquid film investigated using (PLIF) experiments. The thickness has been calculated via digital image processing and MATLAB code. Film thickness was obtained as a function of time and frequency. Results were analyzed using statistic tools such as property density function (PDF), fast Fourier transform (FFT), and power spectral density (PSD).
Numerical analysis and Experimental Investigation of Lateral vibration on Drill String under Axial Load Constrained with Horizontal Pipe
Authors: Wang Baojin , Wang Zhongyang , Zhu Anhe , Hongda Wang , Ren Fushen
Published: February 2020

Horizontal well technology is an important means to improve drilling efficiency and oil and gas production, but it is easy to generate the lateral vibration of the drill string. This strong lateral vibration of the drill string will further lead to the whirl of the drill string, which will accelerate the wear of the drill string and further lead to the failure of the drill string. According to the rotor dynamics theory and fluid dynamics, the whirling equation of the drill string in horizontal wells is established. The effects of the weight of the drill string, wall friction, internal and external drilling fluid flow velocity and fluid resistance on the whirling of the drill string are studied. The mechanism of inducing the whirling of the horizontal drill string and the boundary conditions for judging the whirling are analyzed. Based on the existing dynamic simulation test equipment of the horizontal drill string in the laboratory, the experimental research on the whirling characteristics of the horizontal drill string is carried out, and the influence laws of the weight on bit and the rotation speed on the whirling of the drill string are studied. The results show that with the development of axial load, the intense of lateral vibration of drill string increases.
Comprehensive Planning of New Plant Under Industry 4.0
Authors: Tiefeng Zhang , Yifei Tong , Yuanhao Zhang , Xu Zhang
Published: February 2020

The article carries out layout design optimization and warehouse improvement for HF Company. First of all, taking the production management process of the new plant as the research object, set a comprehensive planning of the plant area from the aspects of product mix, production management and logistics management. According to the planning objectives, detailed design, data collection for production forecasting are proposed based on SLP method and mapping of the new plant layout, combined with lean thinking and Industry 4.0 concept. Finally, the expected goals and improve production efficiency are achieved.
Post-cracking Poisson Ratio of Concrete in Steel-Concrete-Steel Panels Subjected to Biaxial Tension Compression
Authors: Prasad Manish , XiaoBing Song
Published: February 2020

Consideration of post-cracking Poisson ratio of concrete is found significant in predicting the behavior of Steel-Concrete-Steel (SCS) panels under biaxial tension compression. Concrete reinforced with face steel plates was found to be under confinement which deviates the established nature of the post-cracking Poisson ratio. In order to account for such confinement, an extension to previously proposed expression for the Poisson effect in reinforced concrete (RC) is presented in this paper to be used for the analysis of SCS in which the reinforcing elements, steel plates, provide confinement in the principle tensile direction. A tri-linear model is proposed for the Poisson ratio and then compared with the experimental results.
Seismic Effect Analysis of the Adjacent Longitudinal Box Culvert for the Utility Tunnel
Authors: Gebremedhn Zenagebriel , Qiao Guofu , Sun Lu
Published: February 2020

The utility tunnel has the vital significance of the underground public facilities construction for the modernized urban construction inevitable trend. The traditional utility tunnel was used as one of the approaches to achieve sustainable developments. The whole energy supply and distribution system in china will need to be restructured and reworked. Thus, there is still a limited research available on the seismic effect of the utility tunnel. So that, this paper aims to fulfil this research need by investigating the FEA of the adjacent longitudinal box culvert for the utility tunnel is deployed under the circumstance of seismic effect through ABAQUS software concerning to Amplitude A, B and C with time period of 53.47sec, 53.73sec and 53.79sec. The result indicates that, the seismic stress of the box culvert specifically the box culvert including certain soil parts with seismic time and load were found grey zone which is needed greatest warning zone before failure. Finally, the displacement time-history are then studied in the paper which meets the requirements duration from 10 to 20 times. The displacement change is caused by the subsidence of the soil foundation due to the displacement values on the corresponding corner points are much different.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Nonlinear Dynamic characteristics in an Oil-free Moving Coil Linear Compressor
Authors: Sun Jian , Li Chengzhan , Li Jianguo , Cai Jinghui
Published: February 2020

The gas pressure, piston displacement and current response characteristics of an oil-free moving coil linear compressor driven by sinusoidal voltages at different frequencies have been experimentally studied. The results show that the response curves of gas pressure, piston displacement and current have nonlinear distortions deviating from the sinusoidal waveform. Among them, the piston displacement waveform has relatively small deviation from sinusoid, and the total harmonic distortion rate (THD) of piston displacement has a maximum value of 6.2% at 50Hz; the current waveform has relatively large deviation from sinusoid, and the THD of current has a maximum value of 73.7% at 60Hz. At this time, the current has two peaks in one cycle. It was analyzed that the nonlinear distortion of displacement and current occurs only in the compression process in a working cycle. In addition, a nonlinear dynamic model based on MATLAB software was established to analyze current distortion. The simulated values of gas pressure, piston displacement and current curves have a good coincidence with measured values. Finally, it is present that the severe distortion of the current curve is mainly caused by the non-linearity of the gas pressure.
Proposal of Flowable Fill Designs for improvement of excavation and filling works of trenches in sanitation systems
Authors: Cruz J , Ñiquin J , Bragagnini I , Sotomayor C
Published: February 2020

Population grow in recent years requires an extension of the current pipeline sanitary system. For this purpose, granular excavation and landfill works are associated with pedestrian traffic congestion. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an innovative and sustainable alternative to reduce the problems generated during the execution of the conventional process. This research proposes the use of flowable fill due to the multiple advantages offered by this material. On the one hand, it is economical for medium to large trench fill volumes, considering savings in labor (it is done with a small number of workers), in equipment (does not require the rental or purchase of compaction equipment) and in time (the pouring is done by directly pumping the mixture, from the mixing machines to the excavation). On the other hand, being self-compacting and self-leveling decreases the width of the trenches, reducing excavation and filling volumes; which, in turn, incur money savings. Also, this material guarantees work safety, since people are not required inside the excavation and fill in poorly accessible areas without any problem. Dosages were established for ten flowable fill mixtures with cement contents of 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90 kg of cement and a range of admixture from 1.75 to 2.00%; The results indicated that decreasing the fine aggregate - coarse aggregate ratio, the compressive strength of the mixtures increases and the slumps of the mixtures decreases, and the compressive strength increases directly proportional to the cement content.
Effects of Steel Bracings in the Progressive Collapse Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Building
Authors: Shah Bikram , Xu Feng
Published: February 2020

The bracing system used in the seismic retrofitting can also be used as a measure to resist the progressive collapse of the multi-storeyed structures. The nonlinear dynamic analysis is used to study the effects of floor wise and bay wise bracing systems in the progressive collapse resistance of seismic designed reinforced concrete buildings. The numerical model is created in SAP2000 and is analysed for three different column removal scenarios using UFC guidelines. The results showed the significant contribution of the bracing system to prevent the progressive collapse due to single removed column. The bay wise bracing system is more effective to reduce the deformations but there is no contribution of the bracings when the column is removed from the non-adjacent bay. The floor wise bracing is more reliable than bay wise bracings.
Low Permeability Concrete for Buildings Located in Marine Atmosphere Zone using Clay Brick Powder
Authors: Castillo M , Hernández K , Rodriguez J , Eyzaguirre C
Published: February 2020

The concrete is not one hundred percent impermeable since the water that remains inside it causes its corrosion, in the case of reinforced concrete, exposed in an area of marine atmosphere, the sea salt mostly present in large particles of the marine spray, produce the reduction of the alkalinity of the concrete causing a rapid corrosion of the steel. There are buildings built in this marine area that have been designed without durability criteria, in which the use of pozzolanic materials is considered, for example, to fill the pores of the cement matrix and thus guarantee its impermeability. In the present study, the effect of clay brick powder (PLA) as a replacement for cement in concrete manufacturing is addressed, evaluating different characteristics of its components. The results indicate that pozzolanic activity and compressive strength increase, slump, voids content and the coefficient of permeability to water decreases.
Small regulatory noncoding RNAs in Drosophila melanogaster: biogenesis and biological functions
Authors: Soleimani Saeed , Valizadeh Arshad Zahra , Moradi Sharif , Ahmadi Ali , Davarpanah Seyed Javad , Azimzadeh Jamalkandi Sadegh
Published: February 2020

RNA interference (RNAi) is an important phenomenon that has diverse genetic regulatory functions at the pre- and posttranscriptional levels. The major trigger for the RNAi pathway is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). dsRNA is processed to generate various types of major small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that include microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster). Functionally, these small ncRNAs play critical roles in virtually all biological systems and developmental pathways. Identification and processing of dsRNAs and activation of RNAi machinery are the three major academic interests that surround RNAi research. Mechanistically, some of the important biological functions of RNAi are achieved through: (i) supporting genomic stability via degradation of foreign viral genomes; (ii) suppressing the movement of transposable elements and, most importantly, (iii) post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by miRNAs that contribute to regulation of epigenetic modifications such as heterochromatin formation and genome imprinting. Here, we review various routes of small ncRNA biogenesis, as well as different RNAi-mediated pathways in D. melanogaster with a particular focus on signaling pathways. In addition, a critical discussion of the most relevant and latest findings that concern the significant contribution of small ncRNAs to the regulation of D. melanogaster physiology and pathophysiology is presented.
Neural stem cells restore myelin in a demyelinating model of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
Authors: Gruenenfelder Fredrik I , McLaughlin Mark , Griffiths Ian R , Garbern James , Thomson Gemma , Kuzman Peter , Barrie Jennifer A , McCulloch Maj-lis , Penderis Jacques , Stassart Ruth , Nave Klaus-Armin , Edgar Julia M
Published: February 2020

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease is a fatal X-linked leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the PLP1 gene, which is expressed in the CNS by oligodendrocytes. Disease onset, symptoms and mortality span a broad spectrum depending on the nature of the mutation and thus the degree of CNS hypomyelination. In the absence of an effective treatment, direct cell transplantation into the CNS to restore myelin has been tested in animal models of severe forms of the disease with failure of developmental myelination, and more recently, in severely affected patients with early disease onset due to point mutations in the PLP1 gene, and absence of myelin by MRI. In patients with a PLP1 duplication mutation, the most common cause of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, the pathology is poorly defined because of a paucity of autopsy material. To address this, we examined two elderly patients with duplication of PLP1 in whom the overall syndrome, including end-stage pathology, indicated a complex disease involving dysmyelination, demyelination and axonal degeneration. Using the corresponding Plp1 transgenic mouse model, we then tested the capacity of transplanted neural stem cells to restore myelin in the context of PLP overexpression. Although developmental myelination and axonal coverage by endogenous oligodendrocytes was extensive, as assessed using electron microscopy (n = 3 at each of four end points) and immunostaining (n = 3 at each of four end points), wild-type neural precursors, transplanted into the brains of the newborn mutants, were able to effectively compete and replace the defective myelin (n = 2 at each of four end points). These data demonstrate the potential of neural stem cell therapies to restore normal myelination and protect axons in patients with PLP1 gene duplication mutation and further, provide proof of principle for the benefits of stem cell transplantation for other fatal leukodystrophies with ‘normal’ developmental myelination.