bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keyakinan Hukum Karma Memoderasi Pengaruh Hedonisme Pada Kecurangan Dalam Pelaporan Keuangan
Authors: Megawati Anak Agung Tri
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of hedonism on fraudulent financial reporting and the belief in the law of karma as a moderating variable of the effect of hedonism on fraud. This type of research is quantitative. The research was conducted at the Village Credit Institution in Denpasar City using primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires. The method of determining the sample using the saturated method and obtained as many as 105 respondents. The data analysis technique used is the interaction test of the moderating variable Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that hedonism has a negative effect on fraudulent financial reporting. The results of the study indicate that high hedonism in an individual can reduce the occurrence of fraud in financial reporting. The belief in the law of karma moderates the effect of hedonism on fraud that the belief in the law of karma weakens the influence of hedonism on fraud in financial reporting.

Keywords: Hedonism; Belief in the Law of Karma; Financial Reporting Fraud.
Determinant Improving the Quality of Financial Reports Pematangsiantar City Government
Authors: Silitonga Hery Pandapotan , Sianipar Ruth Tridianty , Putri Juan Anastasia , Siregar Robert Tua , Sudirman Acai
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of SPIP and organizational culture impact the successful implementation of SIKD in improving the quality of financial reports. A quantitative approach was used in this study with a literature and field design. The data sources used are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis technique used in this study was path analysis. The results showed that the t-test of the sub-structure model 1 of SPIP affected the success of SIKD implementation, organizational culture affected the success of the implementation of SIKD, and the t-test of the sub-structure model 2 showed that SPIP affected the quality of financial reports. organizational culture does not affect the quality of financial statements, and SIKD affects financial reports' quality. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the application of SIKD is an intermediary variable that affects the quality of financial reports in the Pematangsiantar City government.

Keywords : SPIP; Organizational Culture; SIKD; Financial Report Quality.
Kecerdasan Emosional, Perilaku Belajar, Kompetensi Dosen dan Tingkat Pemahaman Akuntansi
Authors: Lameng Alexandro Aditya Dewa Bharata , Damayanthi I Gst Ayu Eka
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study was to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of emotional intelligence, learning behavior, and lecturer competence on the level of accounting understanding. The study involved students majoring in accounting for the 2016-2017 undergraduate program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University. The number of samples taken as many as 117 student respondents using purposive sampling method. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that learning behavior and lecturer competence have a positive and significant effect on the level of accounting understanding. While emotional intelligence has no effect on the level of understanding of accounting.

Keywords: Emotional Intelligence; Learning Behavior; Lecturer Competence; Accounting Understanding Level.
“This was not the time for this type of 1890 imperialism”: Cryolite, Control, and Canada-US Relations over Greenland, 1940
Authors: Smith Gordon W. , Lackenbauer P. Whitney
Published: March 2022

This article is drawn from the unpublished second volume of Gordon Smith’s magnum opus, A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North and Related Law of the Sea Problems. Edited and introduced by P. Whitney Lackenbauer, this article explores Canada-United States relations over Greenland in 1940, particularly whether Canada or the United States would secure de facto control over Greenland and its unique supply of cryolite, essential for the production of aluminum at that time. In doing so, Smith contributes to our understanding of how competing interests and priorities made Greenland a site of rivalry and ultimately compromise between Second World War allies.

Cet article est tiré du deuxième volume inédit du grand ouvrage de Gordon Smith, intitulé A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North and Related Law of the Sea Problems. Édité et présenté par P. Whitney Lackenbauer, cet extrait traite des relations canado-américaines relatives au Groenland en 1940, en particulier du contrôle de fait éventuel par le Canada ou les États-Unis du Groenland et de son unique approvisionnement en cryolite, essentielle à la production d’aluminium à l’époque. Ainsi, Smith nous aide à mieux comprendre la façon dont les priorités et les intérêts divergents ont fait du Groenland un site de rivalité et, en fin de compte, de compromis entre les alliés de la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE DEPOSITS FORMATIONON THE WORKING SURFACES OF HEAT EXCHANGE INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Batrakov P. A. , Lasitsa A. M. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Peshko M. S. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Averchenko A. P. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

В статье рассмотрены процессы формирования отложений на стенках теплообменных аппаратов. Проведены экспериментальные исследования состава и структуры отложений в элементах теплообменного оборудования. Изучены закономерности формирования отложений. Изучена возможность виртуализации датчиков мониторинга отложений. Сделано заключение о возможности аналитического предсказания поведения теплообменного оборудования при образовании отложений и их влиянии на процесс теплопередачи. Предложена частичная замена экспериментальных физико-химических исследований имитационным моделированием.
А COMPARISON OF THE DIFFERENT GAAS PHEMT LOGIC FAMILIES CHARACTERISTICS
Authors:   50ohm Lab, Tomsk state university of control systems and radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia, Bilevich D. V. , Salnikov A. S. ,   50ohm Lab, Tomsk state university of control systems and radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia, Popov A. A. ,   50ohm Lab, Tomsk state university of control systems and radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia, Kalentyev A. A. ,   50ohm Lab, Tomsk state university of control systems and radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia, Goryainov A. E. ,   50ohm Lab, Tomsk state university of control systems and radioelectronics, Tomsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

В данной статье представлено сравнение основных характеристик базовых логических вентилей, спроектированных по GaAs pHEMT технологии. Сравнение проведено для шести типов логических схем. Сравнение показало, что использование резисторов с высоким удельным сопротивлением позволяет уменьшить площадь в 1,6 раза и потребляемую мощность в 5 раз для базового логического элемента НЕ для схем НСПТ (DCFL) типа. Установлено, что использование таких резисторов в схеме БПТ (BFL) типа позволяет сократить занимаемую площадь в 2 раза, а потребляемую мощность в 2,5 раза. Также приведено сравнение характеристик для схемы DCFL типа для двух различных фабрик.
MICROPROCESSOR-BASED ULTRASONIC GENERATOR WITH FREQUENCY CONTROL OF POWER
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Murashko D. N. , Klypin D. N. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Titov D. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

Ультразвуковые колебания широко используются в науке, а также в различных отраслях промышленности и в медицине. При использовании ультразвуковых генераторов на основе пьезокерамических преобразователей возникает задача поддержания мощности пьезокерамического преобразователя на заданном уровне. В данной статье разработан модифицированный алгоритм регулировки мощности пьезокерамического преобразователя на основе петли фазовой автоподстройки частоты. Отличие нового алгоритма заключается в том, что петля регулирования мощности включена в петлю фазовой автоподстройки частоты. На базе алгоритма синтезирована структурная схема и выполнена микропроцессорная реализация ультразвукового генератора (создан макет). Предварительные лабораторные испытания макета показали, что новый алгоритм позволяет компенсировать влияние возмущающих воздействий и эффективно управлять параметрами сигналов. Применение двухконтурной системы регулирования значительно расширяет диапазон перестройки резонансной частоты задающего генератора. По результатам испытаний разработанный алгоритм может быть рекомендован для использования в ультразвуковых аппаратах различного назначения.
INVESTIGATION OF THE LOAD REGULATION LIMITSIN AN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM WITH A SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Belyaev P. V. , Podberezkin D. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia, Biryukov V. V. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

Проведено исследование гибридного электротехнического комплекса с твердооксидным топливным элементом (ТОТЭ) в качестве источника электроснабжения. Рассмотрены возможности автономной работы комплекса при использовании твердооксидного топливного элемента в обратном режиме работы (оТОТЭ). Приведена математическая модель ТОТЭ и разработана имитационная модель электротехнического комплекса в программной среде MATLAB/Simulink для исследования. Проведен анализ реакции выходных характеристик топливного элемента на изменение нагрузки. Выявлены пределы регулирования исследуемого топливного элемента и подготовлены рекомендации по технической эксплуатации.
PROJECT SCHEDULING PROBLEM WITH UNIT PROCESSING TIME OF JOBS
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia, Gerasimenko N. V. , Servah V. V. ,   Sobolev Institute of Mathematics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
Published: March 2022

В работе рассматриваются вопросы вычислительной сложности задачи календарного планирования с ограниченными ресурсами. Описаны максимально полиномиально разрешимые и минимально NP-трудные случаи. Граничной задачей, вычислительная сложность которой неизвестна, является задача с единичными длительностями выполнения работ при единичном потреблении ресурсов и фиксированным уровнем возобновимого ресурса. Получены новые полиномиально разрешимые подслучаи этой задачи, связанные с шириной частичного порядка выполнения работ и максимально возможной длиной цепи в графе.
Relationship between first-line treatment response and bone marrow fibrosis in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Halacoglu Aysun
Published: March 2022

Objectives:

Multiple myeloma (MM) occurs with uncontrolled and clonal increase proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Myelofibrosis can be primary or can be secondary when associated with other malignant or non-malignant diseases. MM is a malignant disease in which both collagen and reticulin fibrosis can be detected together at the time of diagnosis.The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between bone marrow fibrosis at diagnosis and response to after first-line treatment in newly diagnosed MM.

Material and Methods:

In this study, 95 newly diagnosed MM patients were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, complete blood count, biochemical examinations, bone marrow fibrosis grades, and first-line treatment response of the patients were retrieved from records as it is a retrospective study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their response to first- line treatment. Patients who have a strict complete response (sCR), complete response (CR) or a very good partial response (VGPR) responses to first-line therapy were included in the first group. Patients who gave partial response (PR), minimal response (MR) or progressive disease (PD) responses to the first-line therapy were included in the second group.

Results:

There were 72 patients in the Group I (good response group) and 23 patients in Group II (poor response group). Between the good response group and poor response group myeloma type, platelet count at diagnosis, β2 microglobulin, lactate dehydrogenase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, bone marrow plasma cell ratio, R-ISS, and first-line treatment were not statistically significant (P > 0.05 ). Age was statistically significantly lower in the good response group (P = 0.04). In male gender, a better response was obtained (P = 0.02). At the time of diagnosis, hemoglobin levels in the good response group were found high compared to the poor response group (P = 0.02). Bone marrow fibrosis was found to be lower at the time of diagnosis in the group that responded good response to first-line treatment (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:

In this study, it was shown that bone marrow fibrosis at diagnosis is an important factor affecting the response to first-line treatment.The degree of bone marrow fibrosis detected at the time of diagnosis in MM may guide the selection of targeted therapy in first-line treatment.
In Situ Infrared Attenuated Total Reflection (IR ATR) Spectroscopy: A Complementary Analytical Tool for Drug Design and Drug Delivery
Authors: Fringeli Urs Peter
Published: March 2022

A comprehensive summary of basic relations for quantitative IR ATR spectroscopy of isotropie and oriented samples is given. Experimental requirements for detection of sub-monolayer quantities in aqueous environment are discussed. New instrumental developments such as a single-beam-sample-reference (SBSR) attachment, and FTIR modulation spectroscopy at low frequencies are presented. Examples of in situ experiments with tertiary-amine local anesthetics interacting with planar, immobilized lipid bilayers are discussed. Partition coefficients of the total amine, as well as of the protonated and deprotonated forms have been determined. Structural alterations, especially of lipids, were detected upon interaction. Adsorption isotherms revea1ed multilayer formation at the membrane surface. The onset of this process for dibucaine is at ca. 5 mm bulk concentration or even below. Preferential accumulation of dibucaine base is observed already at bulk pH 5.5 (pKa = 8.83). For peptide conformation analysis, FTIR temperature (T) modulation experiments were performed for the first time. A modulation amplitude of ΔT = ± 1° at a given mean temperature is shown to result in high-quality phase-resolved spectra enabling detailed insight into periodically induced changes of the state of the sample.
The Failure Incidence of Trochanteric Fracture Fixation Using Gamma Nail or PFNA
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania, LC Fosca , CA Bardas ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania, N Mosonyi ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania, A Micu ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania, D Oltean-Dan ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania, G Tomoia ,   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu” Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: March 2022

Aim: The importance of trochanteric fractures treatment consists in a relatively high frequency, especially in elderly patients. There is no “gold standard” implant for treating this type of fracture and various complications might occur in any particular case. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates of implant related complications in patients treated for trochanteric fractures using two types of implants (Gamma 3® and PFNA®). The secondary objective was to assess the possible correlation between complication rates and technical parameters of insertion. Methods: Patients who met inclusion criteria were selected retrospectively between September 2018 and December 2020. Results: Ninety-five percent of patients were treated using a Gamma 3® nail while only 5% of them were treated using a PFNA® implant. Following AO classification, 60% of the patients presented an A1.3 fracture type and 29% presented an A1.2 fracture type. The global complication rate was 12.33% while specific incidence for each category of complications assessed in this group was as follows: 7.67% lateral protrusion of the lag screw, 3.67% cut-out, 0.67% impossibility of distal locking and 0.33% migration of distal locking screw. A significant difference p=0.018 was found between postoperative neck-shaft angles of the two groups of patients treated with the two types of implants. Conclusion: Use of Gamma 3® nails in trochanteric fractures obtains a degree of reduction closer to the physiological neck-shaft angle compared to the PFNA® implant. The most frequent complication type in our group was lateral protrusion of the lag screw followed by cut-out.
Mathematics Teachers’ Perceptions of Soft Skills Integration in Mathematics Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Mazabuka District, Zambia
Authors: Busaka Chileshe , Kitta Septimi Reuben , Umugiraneza Odette
Published: March 2022

Mathematics teachers’ perceptions of soft skills integration are key to ensuring students’ soft skills development. The present study investigated perceptions regarding the integration of soft skills in teaching and learning mathematics in Mazabuka District in Zambia. Ninety-one teachers, who were selected purposively, completed a questionnaire and a test on the integration of soft skills in teaching and learning mathematics. Frequencies, means, and standard deviations were calculated, and independent sample t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. The findings are that mathematics teachers had a positive perception of soft skills integration in mathematics and believed that incorporating soft skills in teaching and learning mathematics was important. Furthermore, the results reveal that mathematics teachers’ gender and age, the type of school where they taught, their experience and level of education did not influence their perceptions of soft skills integration in mathematics teaching and learning in Zambian secondary schools.
BOOK REVIEW: SOPILKO, N.YU. (2021), ENERGY COOPERATION OF THE EAEU STATES IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION. MOSCOW, RUSSIA
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, Navrotskaya Natal'ya A.
Published: March 2022

The author has carried out a thorough study of theoretical and practical problems associated with integration processes within the EAEU. As rightly noted in the monograph, the problem of studying the patterns and prospects of economic, including energy cooperation between states in the context of the formation of regional economic unions in the post-Soviet space has not been fully studied. In this work, these processes are considered in interrelation, which determines the novelty of the approach used by the author.
A STUDY ON THE ADVERTISEMENTS RELATED TO SLIMMING PRODUCTS IN PRINT MEDIA AND ITS IMPACT AMONG YOUNGSTERS
Authors: P Sri Jothi , Devi A Jayanthila
Published: March 2022

Today’s trend there is a noticeable raise in the frequency of advertisements of slimming and weight loss products in print media. Being slim has become an obsession for many people in the last couple of decades.  Recently many people do not have conscious about slim toned bodies in naturally, so generally these people should constantly be vigilant in methods that will help lose some fat like diet and other methods to conform to current ideals. Many slimming product sellers employ promotion as a tool to persuade youngsters by inculcating creative ideas. These advertisements are highly exaggerated, and they can easily influence the people especially youngsters who are conscious about their appearance. The major objective of this   is to analyze the content of various slimming advertisements in print media and to find out its impact among youngsters. The research methodologies used are content analysis and survey method.  Through this study it is evident that slimming advertisements use print media as an effective tool to persuade the target audience.
Case studies, multimodal OERs and online collaboration: Enhancing undergraduate learners’ source-based expository writing skills in context
Authors: Li Jia
Published: March 2022

Postsecondary students, including many English language learners, need effective skills in academic writing, especially source-based expository writing skills, to achieve academic success. However, research has shown that many first- and second-year undergraduate students are inadequately prepared and lack skills in both organizing writing to convey major and supporting ideas with critical perspectives and in reading comprehension. Limited research is available on addressing both skills with innovative instruction using digital technologies that appeal to these students. Therefore, this article draws on the relevant literature and my recent research projects with my team, which developed and examined the impact of two interventions on enhancing the source-based writing skills of students in a Canadian university and community college. It focuses on two key aspects that are of interest to this present volume, contextualization and socialization; that is, a case-study approach to providing contextualized writing instructions by using and developing multimodal open educational resources (OERs) and peer collaboration throughout the reading-to-write process employing a cloud-based platform.
Exploring a Smart CALL environment through the critical lens of Affordance-Actualization Theory
Authors: Tanaka-Ellis Nobue
Published: March 2022

This paper is exploratory-theoretical in nature in that it attempts to determine the efficacy of the Affordance-Actualization Theory (Strong et al., 2014, 2017) in contextualizing a CALL environment. The concept of affordance is widely used in different research fields, including education and technology, to mainly investigate the relationship between an artefact and the animal (i.e., humans) in an environment. While this is a popular concept for analyzing different contexts, the adaptation of the concept into different research fields caused variations in its definitions which some scholars criticize that they obscured the original tenet. However, the original concept has received criticism that it is not well defined. This paper, therefore, first revisited the construct of affordances to see how this concept is used in different disciplines. The paper then explores the Affordance-Actualization Theory proposed by Strong et al. (2014) to see if it is suitable for examining CALL contexts. This theory was selected for examination because Strong et al. claim that it attempted to fill the gaps that exist in the current IT version of affordances by focusing on how affordances are actualized over time, how individual users of technology achieve the goals set by the organization, and how organizational goals are achieved due to the introduction of the technology. The paper discusses the suitability of the theory by conducting a sample analysis of a smart CALL learning environment.
New perspectives on computer-mediated communication research: A social network analysis approach
Authors: Peeters Ward
Published: March 2022

The present chapter formulates and applies a range of network methods for the analysis of computer-mediated communication (CMC) to improve our understanding of CMC text in educational contexts. It uses data from a case study in which foreign language learners (N = 188) at a Japanese private university were given the opportunity to interact with their peers in a collaborative online space, part of a strategic self-regulated learning module. Special attention is paid to some key aspects of the social network analysis approach, including the need to incorporate temporal measures in such an analysis, as well as to some basic building blocks, including the creation of heatmaps. This chapter, furthermore, demonstrates how Smart CALL can serve as a contemporary, comprehensive lens through which data-driven methods for text analysis can be contextualised and explained.
Socialization in telecollaboration: The smart use of WhatsApp to develop social presence in the HI-UB project
Authors: Espejel Olivia , Concheiro Pilar , Pujola Joan-Thomas
Published: March 2022

This study focuses on the identification and analysis of social presence (Garrison, 2009) in the interaction established during the development of a language learning task based on the “smart” use of Whatsapp. This digital task is the second of the HI-UB telecollaboration project amongst learners of Spanish from the University of Island (HI) and pre-service teachers from the University of Barcelona (UB). The task aims for the HI students to practise the language and for the UB pre-service teachers to reinforce the initial encounters of the previous videoconferencing task, to create a climate of confidence trying to consolidate a sense of belonging to a language learning community and to explore mobile instant messaging (MIM) as a pedagogical tool.
Socialization in language learning: Topic modeling and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chen Xieling , Zou Di , Xie Haoran , Cheng Gary
Published: March 2022

This study identifies research status, trends, and topics within the field of socialization in language learning using a topic-based bibliometric methodology combining structural topic modeling, the Mann-Kendall trend test, and keyword analysis with bibliometric indicators. Based on relevant literature on socialization in language learning from the Web of Science database, we focused on answering questions such as “what technologies have been adopted to facilitate socialization in language learning?” and “what research topics have been investigated by scholars?” to understand where the research field has been and where it is going. Because traditional manual coding and systematic reviews are prone to error and coding inconsistency when evaluating limited literature data, we integrated rigorous machine learning algorithms and statistical tests, using a topic-based bibliometric methodology. Such a methodology is smarter because it allows time-honored bibliometrics to mine large volumes of literature data enabling a comprehensive understanding of diverse aspects of socialization in language learning. These include the top contributors (e.g., journals, subjects, countries/regions, and institutions), research topics and the dynamics of interest in topics. Results derived from our smart analysis provide insights into effective ways to advance smart computer-assisted language learning from a socialization perspective through scientific collaborations and the effective adoption of innovative technologies and analytical techniques.
The influence of david kolb’s learning style on students’ biology learning achievement
Authors: Ridzal Dewi Asriani
Published: March 2022

This study aims to know the effect of learning style on the biology learning achievement of class XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Sampolawa. This type of research is ex post facto through a quantitative descriptive approach. The sampling technique is saturated sampling. The sample in the study amounted to 80 students. Research data were obtained through questionnaires and documentation. The data analysis technique is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics through a simple linear regression test. The results showed that descriptively the learning style tendencies owned by class XI students of SMA Negeri 1 Sampolawa were 23 students with Diverging learning styles with a percentage of 28.8%, Assimilating as many as 20 students with a percentage of 25.0%, Converging as many as 19 students with the percentage are 23.8%. The Accommodating is 18 students with a percentage of 22.5%. Based on the results of the inferential analysis, a significance value of 0.003 was obtained, which was smaller than the value of equal to 0.05, meaning that David Kolb’s learning style had a positive and significant effect on students' learning achievement in biology.
Guided inquiry learning model application to train students' critical thinking skills on chemical equilibrium material
Authors: Sholikhah Firda Faradila , Novita Dian
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the application of the guided inquiry learning model on activities of students, the products of student learning, students' skills in critical thinking, and student reactions to chemical equilibrium material. The design of this study applies a one-group pretest-posttest design. Thirty students of the eleventh grade at Kemala Bhayangkari 1 Surabaya Senior High School were used as the subject of this study. The percentage of application of each phase of the guided inquiry learning model are meetings 1, 2, and 3 was 96.9%, 98.6, and 100%, respectively. Student activities support the application model with a percentage of the total relevant activities of 92.69%. Student learning outcomes on factors that affect the shift in the direction of chemical equilibrium with n-gain obtained a score of 80%, which is high in the category. The results of students' skills in critical thinking in every phase with a high n-gain score are 53.33% interpretation, 40% inference, 63.33% analysis, 60% explanation, and 80 % evaluation. The student responses have a very good category with 99.15%.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis) as a factor contributing to the development and progression of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular complications
Authors: Aitbaev K. A. , Murkamilov I. T. , Fomin V. V. , Kudaibergenova I. O. , Yusupov F. A.
Published: March 2022

NETosis, a new form of cell death, has attracted close attention of researchers in recent years due to its dual eff ect on the pathological process. Being initially a defense reaction of the innate immune defenсe aimed at trapping and neutralizing pathogens (bacteria, viruses and fungi) that have invaded the body, NETosis, in case of excessive activation, has an opposite eff ect. It can contribute to the progression of the disease, causing autoimmunization, damage to surrounding tissue, or the occurrence of atherothrombotic events. This review presents data dealing with the formation of extracellular traps of neutrophils, called NETs. NETosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its microvascular complications. For example, in type 1 DM, β-cell death promotes sequestration of neutrophils into the pancreas and is clearly correlated with increased NETosis. In patients with type 2 DM, the release is also signifi cantly increased. High levels of dsDNA, a marker of NETosis, are correlated with the development of cardiovascular disease and DM caused kidney disease, which is also consistent with the contributing role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as impaired wound healing and diabetic retinitis. The mechanisms linking NETosis with high glucose levels are not clearly understood, as NETosis is also increased in diabetic patients strictly controlling glucose levels. One can only assume that NETosis is not a consequence of impaired glycemic control. On the contrary, it causes hyperglycemia, which further increases the initially high level of NETosis in patients with DM.
Endometrioid disease is a modern view of the problem
Authors: Schmidt A. A. , Gaivoronskikh D. I. , Kremlev D. I. , Abashin V. G.
Published: March 2022

The article provides a review of specialized literature in order to generalize and systematize data on modern ideas about endometrioid disease in the clinical practice of doctors of various specialties. The social signifi cance of this disease is indicated. The article refl ects the main modern ideas about etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although there are a number of issues, they are not studied completely. The crucial role of the immune system malfunction in the formation of endometrioid disease is highlighted. The genetic ideas about the development of endometriosis are refl ected. Modern approaches to the treatment of endometriosis and the place of cholecalciferol in modern complex therapy of endometriosis are presented.
Project-based learning to create effective biology teaching
Authors: Beluan Caesilia Somi , Nebore Idola Dian Yoku , Jeni Jeni
Published: March 2022

This research aims to create effective biology teaching to improve student learning outcomes and activeness using project-based learning (PjBL). Classroom action research (CAR) was used to create effective learning. A total of 24 students became the subject of this CAR. They are in class XI IPA. Students were observed for three meetings using the observation sheet to measure attitudes, skills, and activity. We were measuring students' cognitive learning outcomes using tests. The CAR results showed that 79.16% of students achieved a minimum standard of 70. A total of 66.67% achieved skills from good to very good. Student activity and teacher activity has increased. This CAR concludes that PjBL effectively improves biology learning and improves students' learning outcomes. Some students have not reached the good category, so further research in the use of PjBL can be improved.
Влияние препарата Простатилен® АЦ на уровень фрагментации днк сперматозоидов и антиоксидантную активность спермоплазмы у пациентов с бесплодием
Authors: Яковлев Игорь Борисович , Теплых С. В. , Рыбалов М. А. , Боровец С. Ю. , Василюк В. Б. , Фарапонова М. В. , Краснов А. А. , Петленко С. В. , Апрятина В. А.
Published: March 2022

В двойном слепом рандомизированном плацебо-контролируемом в параллельных группах многоцентровом клиническом исследовании IV фазы препарат экстракта простаты в комплексе с цинка аргинил-глицинатом (суппозитории ректальные Простатилен® АЦ, 30 мг + 180 мг, курс 10 дней) вызывал уменьшение относительного количества сперматозоидов с фрагментированной ДНК после 1-го 10-дневного курса терапии на 19,75 % (p < 0,001), после 2-го 10-дневного курса — на 23,07 % (p < 0,001) по сравнению с группой плацебо и повышение антиоксидантной активности спермоплазмы после 1-го курса на 6,72 % (p = 0,02), после 2-го курса на 23,7 % (p = 0,0049) по сравнению с группой плацебо. Первый и второй курсы препарата Простатилен® АЦ не влияли на уровень простатспецифического антигена. Препарат продемонстрировал благоприятный профиль безопасности у пациентов с нарушением сперматогенеза.
Ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера улучшают профиль безопасности йодсодержащих рентгенконтрастных средств в эксперименте
Authors: Полтев Владимир Юрьевич , Покровский Михаил Владимирович , Костина Дарья Александровна
Published: March 2022

Одним из видов фармакологических вмешательств, направленных на снижение рисков развития острого повреждения почек, являются ингибиторы натрий-глюкозного котранспортера второго типа, уверенно продемонстрировавшие в многочисленных исследованиях свои нефропротективные свойства в различных клинических ситуациях. В данной работе мы изучили возможность фармакологической коррекции постконтрастного почечного повреждения за счет предварительного ингибирования натрий-глюкозного котранспортера второго типа. Было обнаружено, что профилактическое введение дапаглифлозина, канаглифлозина и эмпаглифлозина в дозах 0,5 – 1, 8,6 – 25,7 и 1 – 2 мг/кг крысам-самцам приводило к дозозависимому уменьшению тяжести острого повреждения почек, ассоциированного с введением рентгенкотрастного средства. Данное заключение сделано на основании снижения концентрации сывороточного креатинина и мочевины в среднем на 17 – 27 %, p ≤ 0,05, роста скорости клубочковой фильтрации в среднем в 2,4 – 4,3 раза, p ≤ 0,01 и снижения фракционной экскреции натрия в среднем на 66 – 76 %, p ≤ 0,01. Механизм реализации нефропротективного действия ингибиторов натрий-глюкозного котранспортера, по-видимому связан с активацией экспрессии HIF-1α и снижением экспрессии NF-κB в клетках различных структурных элементов почек.
Management of pharmacological treatment in patients with COPD and the direct cost of long-term anticholinergic therapy: real-word experience
Authors: BORGES Isabelle V. , ROCHA Priscilla A. , PALERMO Karen R. , SFORSIN Andrea P. , PINTO Vanusa B. , STELMACH Rafael
Published: March 2022

Objective: To describe the experience with the use of long-term anticholinergic therapy available in the public service. Method: A cross-sectional study with data collected in the real world. The sample consisted of SUS users who received inhaled LAMAs for the treatment of COPD between November 2019 and November 2020. Inclusion criteria were: diagnosis of COPD, being in clinical follow-up by the COPD health team, having record of anticholinergics dispensing by the pharmacy during the study period, having been using LAMA (tiotropium, glycopyrronium and umeclidenium) for at least 3 months. Patients with absence or insufficiency of data and without medical appointments for more than a year and a half from the final period of the study were excluded. Sociodemographic analysis, clinical assessment of patients and quality of life questionnaires were performed. Continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation and analyzed by t Student, and categorical variables were expressed as absolute (n) and relative (%) frequency and analyzed by chi-square or Fisher, with confidence level <0.05. For direct costs, the analysis were performed in a simplified way, using the service’s anticholinergics dispensing and stock data. Results: The study included 197 patients, 177 using anticholinergic tiotropium and 20 using glycopyrronium or umeclidenum. There was no significant difference when analyzing the groups regarding age (p=0.814), sex (p=0.780) and comorbidities (p >0.05). It was found that patients had polypharmacy (83.8%) and 74.1% of patients used 3 or more types of devices. We found in the population a predominance of patients classified as GOLD 3 and profile B, being represented by 45.2% (n = 89) and 66.5% (n = 131), respectively, showing a more severe population. In relation to the specific questionnaires, in both groups, we noticed an increase in the CAT value and a tendency towards a worsening in the mMRC. For the direct costs with the treatment, an annual expense of U$ 124.474,35 was estimated. Based on a drug dispensing strategy, we were able to predict savings of U$ 13.915,77/year for this treatment. Conclusions: Patients with severe COPD tend to use more inhalation devices. The availability of pharmacotherapeutic alternatives by the public service can contribute to the individualization of anticholinergic treatments and enable a more adequate assessment of therapy according to the patient’s clinical profile, linked to possible economic strategies related to individualized treatment.
A Review Article: Protein Engineering of Therapeutic Enzymes
Authors: Zbar Nedhaal Suhail
Published: March 2022

Through the development of advanced, stimulus-responsive pharmacological systems, protein engineering has the potential to alter the metabolic drug landscapes. Protein therapies are a fast growing category of FDA-approved medications that have the potential to improve clinical consequences in the long run. Protein therapeutics engineering is still in its preliminary phase; however recent advancements in protein engineering skills are being used to gain direct monitoring over pharmacodynamics. Drugs that are intended to be metabolized under specific conditions are known as stimulus-responsive protein medicines. Protein engineering is being used to create biochemically based smart therapies that are personalized to the patient's needs. Protein engineering brings a new features and functionality to the bio-chemical and bio-physical modification of proteins to meet the necessities of therapeutic applications. Provided the enormous capability of protein engineering approaches to modify the activity of bio-catalysts, this review summarizes the current studies are showing the advancements and limitations in using these methods to therapeutic enzyme engineering. The current review will concentrate mainly on three types of therapeutic based enzymes: Diagnostic enzymes,  Fibrinolytic enzymes, and pharmaceutical enzymes, in which the protein is the restorative agent, prodrug-activating enzymes, provokes a therapeutic effects, and diagnostic enzymes, in which the remarkable specificity and selectivity  of a protein offer advantages compared to conventional analytical techniques.
Energy Transformation Through Primary Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics of Lentic Water
Authors: Kumari Dr. Rashmi , Upadhyay Dr. Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2022

Some societies can cope, at least temporarily, with pollution and availability constraints. In most of the world, however, population increases continue without significant reduction rates. Growth will continue to impose increasing demands upon freshwater supplies. Control and reversal of degradation requires a proper economic and social valuation of fresh water. Human impact on freshwater ecosystems will increase until industrial growth is stabilized.

Emotionalism and alarmist reactions to the momentum of exploitation by the technological system accomplish little. Understanding the metabolic responses of aquatic ecosystems is essential in order to confront and offset the effects of human alterations. Many small ponds in different parts of the world have been drained or reclaimed to extend arable land. This has caused unusual fluctuations in water land, the impact of which is tremendous. The biodiversity and dynamics of different phytoplankton population are one of the least explored areas in aquatic biology.

Ecological studies give humans a deep insight into principles of life, its forms and levels of existence. F.A forel may be considered as the founder of modern limnology for his original work on Swiss Lakes. The primary social need of every sustainable society is to protect and utilize all their natural resources wisely.

In India, such studies on the pattern of energy flow in aquatic ecosystem by various organisms at different trophic levels are very few. Odum suggested to bring out a comparative picture by investigating the physical, chemical and biological characteristic of lentic water bodies. It is clear that no detailed bioecological investigations have been done so far in this area.
An Observation on Endocrine Glands with Low Secretions but High Effects
Authors: Bigzad Arsalan
Published: March 2022

The endocrine glands, the products which, are called hormones, located in parts of the body that are generally hidden from view. This system is closely related to the nervous system and the secretions are effective on top of each other and have direct interactions. Various secretions that are secreted in small amounts from cells, sacs and glands are able to affect large areas of membership in a short time. The endocrine glands, together with the nervous system, coordinate the actions and activities of different parts of the body. The endocrine glands are usually classified into three groups. The main endocrine glands, their role is to secrete hormones, including the epiphyseal, adrenal, thyroid, parathyroid, and pituitary glands. Mixed glands - where cells, sacs, and endocrine tissue are located within the exocrine tissue. Such as pancreas, ovaries, testicles, kidneys, thymus, and placenta. Diffuse endocrine system - in which hormone-producing cells are widely distributed in the digestive and respiratory systems.

In terms of effectiveness, its amount is related to the anatomical and physiological needs of the body. Internal disorders of the body and the external environment can cause changes in the number of secretions, which appear as a result of irregularities in the body, which can often be treated by timely diagnosis of the complication; Because the endocrine glands control the body's metabolic rate; Participates in the metabolism of organ materials.
Unified Finite Integral and Modified of Generalized Aleph-Function of Two Variables
Authors: Ayant Frédéric , Prvindra Kumar
Published: March 2022

In the present paper, we evaluate the general finite integral invoving the generalized modified Aleph-function of two variables. At the end, we shall see several corollaries and remarks.
Article Review: Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Renal Physiology Diagnosis, Treatment and Novel Therapies
Authors: Hamoode Rana Hazim , Sattar Dalal A. , A. K. Mohanad
Published: March 2022

In the case of Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, patients are usually cured with Vasopressin (V2) receptor antagonists, which delay the ongoing growth of cyst formation and slow the pace of AD disease progression. Before we know more, it is uncertain if the increase in vasopressin amide levels that was detected during V2RAT treatment impacts the production of glucose in the intestines. Cell growth and fluid secretion are aided by high intracellular concentrations of adenosine 3',5;-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), which leads to cyst development. SST, a hormone implicated in a variety of cell activities, has the potential to block the generation of intracellular cAMP. Nevertheless, since Somatostatin is quickly removed in vivo, it has little therapeutic promise. As a result, analogues with a longer half-life have been established, which might be potential medicines in the therapy of ADPKD. This review covers the complicated physiological consequences of Somatostatin, especially on the kidneys, as well as the possible therapeutic use of SST analogues in ADPKD.
Penerapan Strategi Pelaksanaan (SP) 1-4 Dengan Halusinasi Pada Penderita Skizofrenia: Studi Kasus
Authors: sasmita sasmita
Published: March 2022

Halusinasi adalah distorsi persepsi palsu yang terjadi pada respons neurobiologis maladaptive .Halusinasi biasanya muncul pada pasien gangguan jiwa diakibatkan terjadinya perubahan orientasi realita,pasien meraskan stimulasi yang sebetulnya tidak ada.halusinasi penglihatan dan pendengaran yang merupakan gejala dari early psychosis, yang sebagian besar terjadi pada usia remeja akhir atau dewasa awal,bingung peran yang berdampak pada rapuhnya kepribadian sehingga terjadi gangguan konsop diri dan menarik diri dari lingkungan social yang lambat laun membuat penderita menjadi asik dengan hayalan dan menyebabkan timbulnya halusinasi.
Điểm lại các bài viết trên Tạp chí Cộng sản giai đoạn 2008-2010
Authors: Hoàng Vương Quân
Published: March 2022

Các bài trên Tạp chí Cộng sản với nhóm chủ đề tập trung xung quanh kinh tế vĩ mô, kinh tế chính trị có liên quan mật thiết tới quá trình tập hợp suy nghĩ, tư liệu và xử lý dữ liệu cho cuốn sách Kinh tế Việt Nam: Thăng trầm và đột phá, do Nxb Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật in và phát hành vào đầu tháng 6 năm 2009.
Conspirations des réseaux plats : dessiner des visualisations sur une surface sphérique continue
Authors: Rodighiero Dario
Published: March 2022

Malgré la grande littérature concernant les visualisations de réseau, leur représentation graphique n’est guère un objet d’investigation. Parfois, cela mérite plus d’attention, surtout lorsque des individus sont représentés. Traduire visuellement des communautés en réseau, par exemple, implique que certains individus soient positionnés aux frontières de la représentation. Cette hypothèse apparaît injuste, surtout si chaque individu de la communauté est connecté avec tout le monde.