bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studierendengerechte Praxisanleitung im Pflegestudium: Wie werden aktuelle Praxisanleitungen bewertet?
Authors: Partetzke Tara M. , Haas Margit , Spaderna Heike
Published: October 2024

Hintergrund: Im Pflegestudium sollen Studierende befähigt werden, komplexe Pflegeprozesse in interprofessionellen Teams wissenschaftlich fundiert umzusetzen. Praxisanleitende (PA) stellen die zentrale Schnittstelle zwischen Theorie und Pflegepraxis dar. Allerdings ist nur ein geringer Anteil der PA hochschulisch qualifiziert. Absicht: Diese Studie untersucht, inwieweit die Praxisanleitungen studierendengerecht gestaltet sind und ob ein Nachqualifizierungsbedarf bei den PA besteht. Methode: In einer querschnittlichen Online-Befragung wurden 17 dual Studierende und 39 in Kliniken tätige PA befragt, ob sich der praktische Unterricht bei Studierenden und Auszubildenden unterscheidet. Die Befragten bewerteten die Qualität und Zufriedenheit mit den aktuell durchgeführten Praxisanleitungen und den Nachqualifizierungsbedarf. Ergebnisse: Bei den Praxisanleitungen wird nicht zwischen Auszubildenden und Studierenden differenziert. PA beurteilen die Anleitungsqualität signifikant besser als die Studierenden (U = 125, p = .001). Ein Drittel der Studierenden sind mit den Praxisanleitungen (eher) unzufrieden. Es besteht Nachqualifizierungsbedarf. Schlussfolgerung: Um studierendengerechte Praxisanleitungen zu gewährleisten scheint es sinnvoll, eine Nachqualifizierungsmaßnahme für PA zu entwickeln, einzuführen und zu evaluieren.
Ein Mikro-Raum in einem „Jewish Space“
Authors: Seemann Birgit , Bönisch Edgar , Ulmer Eva-Maria
Published: October 2024

Betty Gumpertz (1823-1909) gründete 1888 den Verein „Gumpertz’sches Siechenhaus“, dessen sozialpflegerischer Stiftungszweck ab 1898 in einer Villa und zusätzlich ab 1907 einem modernen Neubau, finanziert durch die Minka von Goldschmidt-Rothschild-Stiftung, erfüllt wurde. Der Artikel beschreibt die Chronologie in der Institution mit ihren Bewohner_innen, nutzt aber auch die Kategorie Raum und zeigt das Siechenhaus als ,Jewish Place‘, eingebettet in den ‚Jewish Space‘ des Röderbergs im Frankfurter jüdischen Ostend um 1900 und in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Ziel ist es, eine Einrichtung der Pflege zu beschreiben und an sie zu erinnern. Durch die räumliche Kategorie werden der Kontext der Institution in der Geschichte und die vielfältigen öffentlichen und privaten Netzwerke beleuchtet.
Pflegepädagogik und Gedenkstättenpädagogik. Berufliche Bildungsarbeit am Lern- und Gedenkort Alt Rehse
Authors: Lebeda Dorothee , Rottke Daniel , Gahlen-Hoops Wolfgang , Schwanzar Fabian
Published: October 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit einem beruflichen und hochschulischen Bildungsangebot für Pflege- und Gesundheitsberufe, das die Verfasser_innen für den Lern und Gedenkort Alt Rehse in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern entwickeln. In Alt Rehse befand sich von 1935 bis 1943 die “Führerschule der Deutschen Ärzteschaft”. Das interdisziplinär gestaltete Seminarangebot verknüpft Ansätze der Gedenkstättenpädagogik und historisch- politischer Bildung mit Fragen zur Ethik und Werteorientierung in der Pflege. Dabei zielt das flexibel auf Zielgruppen zugeschnittene Programm darauf ab, ethisch-reflexive Kompetenzen am historischen Beispiel der NS-Ideologie auszubilden. Damit lassen sich an einem historischen Ort der weltanschaulichen Schulung auch Gegenwarts- und Lebensweltbezüge der Auszubildenden und Studierenden einbeziehen, etwa berufs- und hochschuldidaktische Überlegungen der Pflegepädagogik. Die Verfasser_innen plädieren dafür, die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Geschichtswissenschaft/Gedenkstättenpädagogik, der Gesundheits-/Pflegewissenschaft und Pflegepädagogik zu vertiefen.
Pflegewissenschaft, Öffentlichkeit, Partizipation – Vorschläge für einen bürgerschaftlichen Ansatz der Politikberatung
Authors: Remmers Hartmut
Published: October 2024

Wie für Wissenschaften per se, so gilt auch für die Pflegewissenschaft das Prinzip der Öffentlichkeit. Es gilt als orientierender Maßstab auch für das Konzept der Politikberatung. Dabei ist Vorsicht geboten, das Politische auf verwaltungsstaatliche Prozeduren zu verengen, denn deren entscheidende (zumeist ordnungsrechtliche) Endpunkte unterliegen innerstaatlichen machtpolitischen Selektionsfunktionen. Vielmehr gilt es, das Politische als gesamtgesellschaftlichen Gestaltungsprozess zu betrachten, der an konkrete Erfahrungszusammenhänge von Individuen gekoppelt ist. Angesichts verselbständigter Strukturgesetzmäßigkeiten spätmoderner Gesellschaften wird sich pflegepolitisch spürbarer Veränderungsdruck nur durch Interessensallianzen aufbauen lassen, die sich zunächst in überschaubaren Lebenszusammenhängen bilden und auf weiteren organisatorischen Wegen politischer Gegenöffentlichkeiten vervielfältigen lassen. Damit wären vorläufige Endpunkte pflegewissenschaftlich informierter Politikberatung markiert.
Zum Verhältnis von Pflegebildungsforschung und Politik am Beispiel der Entwicklung des Pflegeberufegesetzes – Ein Diskussionsbeitrag
Authors: Peters Miriam , Reuschenbach Bernd , Reiber Karin
Published: October 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag diskutiert mögliche Einflüsse wissenschaftlicher Aktivitäten auf den Gesetzgebungsprozess am Beispiel der Genese des Pflegeberufegesetzes. Publizierten Informationen zufolge werden derzeit vorwiegend Erkenntnisse aus Forschungsvorhaben genutzt, die von den zuständigen Ministerien in Auftrag gegeben werden. Mit dem Forschungsprogramm des Bundesinstituts für Berufsbildung erhöht sich die Schnelligkeit und Intensität, mit der Pflegebildungsforschung im politischen Prozess rezipiert wird. Es wird diskutiert inwieweit Ressortforschung einerseits zur Einflussnahme auf politische Aktivitäten dienlich ist und andererseits Unabhängigkeit des wissenschaftlichen Tuns gewahrt bleibt.
Berichte und Meldungen
Authors: Büscher Andreas , Höhmann Ulrike
Published: October 2024

Dank an die Reviewer_innen Call for Papers
Hirntod erleben aus Sicht der Angehörigen
Authors: Drexler Sabine , Farin-Glattacker Erik , Kugler Christiane
Published: October 2024

Wie Familienangehörige einen (potenziellen) Hirntod von Patient_innen auf Intensivstationen erleben ist weitgehend unbekannt. Gerade der Übergang vom kurativen Therapieziel zum möglichen Hirntod der Betroffenen und die damit im Zusammenhang stehenden Entscheidungen (z.B. für oder gegen eine Organspende) stellen für Angehörige eine belastende Situation dar. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, das Erleben der Angehörigen, während der gesamten Zeit in der ihr (potenziell) hirntotes Familienmitglied auf der Intensivstation lag, zu verstehen. Hierzu wurden Angehörige von elf hirntoten Patient_innen in episodischen Interviews befragt. Die interpretierend phänomenologisch herausgearbeiteten Themen sind: 1) Leere spüren, verzweifelt sein; 2) die Relevanz des medizinischen Umfeldes; 3) Hirntod begreifen; 4) Sinnhaftigkeit suchen; 5) Abschied vom lebenden Körper; 6) mit der Entscheidung leben; 7) es muss um die Angehörigen gehen. Diese Themen geben einen ersten Einblick in die Erlebnisse der Angehörigen. Es wird deutlich, dass Angehörigen während der stationären Zeit, aber auch danach einer professionellen Begleitung bedürfen.
Besondere Beratungsbedarfe von Klient_innen der Pflegeberatung während der COVID-19-Pandemie: Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Haink Michele , Liersch-Mazan Daniela , Müller Franziska , Müller-Werdan Ursula , Lahmann Nils , Strube-Lahmann Sandra
Published: October 2024

Die COVID-19-Pandemie prägte seit mehr als drei Jahren das Leben von Menschen weltweit und stellte insbesondere pflegebedürftige Menschen, ihre Zu- und Angehörigen sowie professionelle Leistungserbringer_innen vor vielfältige Herausforderungen. Im Rahmen von leitfadengestützten Interviews wurden Pflegeberatende aus Berliner Pflegestützpunkten zu veränderten Beratungsbedarfen ihrer Klient_innen in den ersten zwei Jahren der Pandemie befragt. Die Auswertung der Ergebnisse erfolgte mithilfe einer Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring. Es zeigt sich, dass besonders häufig Beschwerden zu Kontaktbeschränkungen geäußert wurden. Pflegende Angehörige schienen besonders belastet, da unterstützende Angebote wie Tages- oder Kurzzeitpflege wegfielen und es an geeigneten Notfallstrukturen fehlte.
»Die Freiheit, jemandem die Hand zu geben«
Authors: Schmitt Caroline , Allahham Faris , Alakkad Anas
Published: October 2024

Angesichts der zunehmenden Poly-Katastrophen unserer Zeit greift der Beitrag das Anliegen der Deutschen Resilienzstrategie auf, psychosoziale Unterstützungsstrukturen und den Katastrophenschutz miteinander zu verzahnen. Auf Basis einer empirischen Studie im Ahrtal wird untersucht, wie die Initiative »Syrische Freiwillige in Deutschland« nach der Flutkatastrophe im Jahr 2021 Wiederaufbauarbeit leistet und hierzu eine (digitale) Unterstützungsstruktur entwickelt hat. Das Engagement der Initiative versteht sich als Beitrag zu einer zukunftsfähigen, postmigrantischen Gesellschaft und ist wegweisend für die sozialen Dienste.
Fluthilfe und Wiederaufbau der Caritas nach der Flutkatastrophe 2021
Authors: Wörz-Becker Judith
Published: October 2024

Wie Soziale Arbeit als Katastrophenhilfe in Deutschland aussehen kann, zeigt das Beispiel der Fluthilfe der Caritas im Bistum Trier. Es wurden in den betroffenen Regionen Maßnahmen und Angebote in kürzester Zeit und gleichzeitig langfristig bedarfsgerecht etabliert. Im Folgenden folgt ein Resümee der dreijährigen Erfahrungen in der Fluthilfe des Diözesan-Caritasverbands Trier.
„Wir sind keine Erbschutzbehörde“
Authors: Koch Martina , Rüegger Cornelia , Bloch-Chakkalakkal Philomina , Rotzetter Fabienne
Published: October 2024

Eine mit einem behördlichen Eingriffsinstrumentarium ausgestattete Instanz der Problemarbeit ist der Schweizer Erwachsenenschutz. Zu seinem Alltag gehören erwachsenenschutzrechtliche Verfahren in Bezug auf ältere Personen, die als schutzbedürftig gelten. In einer sogenannten Sachverhaltserforschung wird zu eruieren versucht, ob bei diesen Personen ein „Schutzbedarf“ aufgrund eines „Schwächezustands“ vorliegt. Bei diesen beiden Konzepten handelt es sich um unbestimmte Rechtsbegriffe, die im Zuge von „Problemarbeit“ einer fallspezifischen Konkretisierung bedürfen. An einem Fallbeispiel rekonstruieren wir aus ethnografischer Perspektive, wie der „Schutzbedarf“ einer betroffenen älteren Frau im Rahmen eines erwachsenenschutzrechtlichen Verfahrens hergestellt und ihr „Fall“ damit für entsprechende Maßnahmen anschlussfähig gemacht wird.
Die Besonderung von »Frauen in Haft« – intersektionale Betrachtungen von Geschlecht im Zwangskontext
Authors: Negnal Dörte , Muhl Doreen
Published: October 2024

Werden weiblich gelesene Personen inhaftiert, werden sie als »Mädchen oder Frauen in Haft« adressiert. Im Beitrag arbeiten wir die Adressierungen und ihre wirkmächtigen Effekte heraus. Dabei beziehen wir sowohl deutschsprachige Literatur als auch empirisches Material ein und zeigen, wie stereotype »Frauenfiguren« bedient werden, mit dem Effekt, dass die Schmerzen des Freiheitsentzuges (Sykes) in den Hintergrund rücken, obgleich sie für die inhaftierten Personen präsent bleiben. Dies entwickeln wir aus einer transsituationalen Analyseperspektive anhand von ethnografischen Feldnotizen.
Editorial
Authors: Niemeyer Christian , Winkler Michael
Published: October 2024

Editorial
Der schwarz-weiße Kanal
Authors: Niemeyer Christian
Published: October 2024

Der schwarz-weiße Kanal
Emerging Trends in Sustainability Practices Within the FMCG Sector for A Better Future
Authors: Rishi S  , Siranjeevi Raj R
Published: October 2024

The Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector is undergoing a major transformation driven by increasing demands for sustainability. This article explores emerging sustainability trends, such as sustainable packaging, circular economy models, supply chain transparency, consumer engagement, and innovative product development. These practices not only mitigate environmental impact but also enhance business competitiveness and brand loyalty. By highlighting how leading FMCG companies are incorporating these trends, the article aims to inspire broader adoption of sustainable strategies that benefit both businesses and the environment.
Menu Hospitalar como Estratégia de Melhoria da Aceitação da Dieta entre Pacientes Onco-hematológicos
Authors: Steffler Bruna , Nascimento Eduarda Pompeu do , Ceni Giovana Cristina , Dalmonte Katiane Schmitt
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A desnutrição do paciente oncológico ainda é um problema, especialmente na internação hospitalar onde aceitação alimentar parece ser prejudicada. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto de um menu hospitalar na aceitação da dieta entre pacientes onco-hematológicos. Método: Estudo observacional, de caráter quantitativo, desenvolvido em um hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados se deu por meio da aplicação de questionários. Foram incluídos os pacientes com aceitação da dieta inferior a 75%. Estes receberam um menu que lhes permitiu escolher as preparações que gostariam de receber. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 22 pacientes. Não foi identificada a classificação de magreza nos adultos, nem depleção muscular. Dos 12 adultos, um apresentou perda de peso significativa e cinco perda grave. Dos dez idosos, três apresentavam baixo peso segundo o índice de massa corporal (IMC), três apresentaram depleção muscular pela circunferência da panturrilha, três apresentaram depleção moderada e um, depleção discreta, considerando a circunferência do braço. Dois idosos apresentaram perda de peso significativa e cinco tiveram perda grave. Houve diferença significativa (p = 0,016) entre a ingestão alimentar pré e pós a aplicação do menu. Notou-se um aumento da aceitação da dieta, em todas as refeições ofertadas, exceto na ceia. A aceitação após o uso do menu teve correlação significativa com o aumento de apetite (p = 0,022), a melhora do humor (p = < 0,001) e a melhora da ingesta alimentar (p = 0,027). Conclusão: O menu parece aumentar a aceitação alimentar de pacientes hospitalizados e influenciar em questões emocionais.
Violencia política o ingobernanza en México, período neoliberal
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Guzman Guzman Eva , Romero Garcia Abraham Israel ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: October 2024

Este ensayo se realiza como parte de la producción del Cuerpo Académico: Análisis Histórico Político de la Sociedad Mexicana, con el propósito de caracterizar y develar el problema de la “violencia política” en estos tiempos de crisis mundial que afecta todas las esferas de la vida. Para abordar esta temática, utilizamos el método de observación, a través del análisis y la reflexión, lo cual hoy en día es un deber social. En esta etapa del “capitalismo mortuorio”, con la “necropolítica” y el “neoliberalismo” que provocan “ingobernanza”, las sociedades luchan para sacudirse los efectos perversos de este sistema económico y político, planeado e impuesto por los “amos del mundo” principalmente a los países pobres. En contraste, las sociedades más desarrolladas se oponen a esta forma de gobernar y logran debilitar su intensidad y sus implicaciones sociales.
Proyecto colonial castellano durante los siglos XVI – XVIII en los andes bajos del Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Salinas Ramos César
Published: October 2024

Realizamos una lectura crítica de la historia de Loja, Ecuador, mediante el análisis del proyecto colonial castellano, para identificar los mecanismos, dispositivos, instituciones, subjetividades y afectos que configuran la lojanidad castellana como una identidad singular y concreta. Para ello, rastreamos su historia a contrapelo, analizando el momento fundacional de este proyecto, que comenzó con la invasión europea y el establecimiento de un sistema moderno colonial que invisibili-za otras historicidades. El método utilizado incluye el análisis de textos académicos, históricos e historiográficos, literatura, y el diálogo con cronistas e historiadores de la ciudad. El presente artículo se compone de los siguientes apartados: Chunwakaru o Cussibamba, Del genocidio inicial a la pacificación imperial, Proyecto colonial castellano, Nuestra Señora del Cisne: madre de la colonialidad castellana, y conclusiones.
SOBRE LA POSIBILIDAD DE STAKEHOLDERS DE EXIGIR EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE CLÁUSULAS SOSTENIBLES CONTENIDAS EN CONTRATOS ENTRE AGENTES EMPRESARIALES
Authors: Quijano Escobar Camila Belén
Published: October 2024

Las empresas incorporan cláusulas de sostenibilidad en la contratación comercial con otras organizaciones empresariales, de forma de implementar la responsabilidad social de largo plazo en las operaciones de negocios. Estas estipulaciones no otorgan poder coercitivo suficiente para su exigibilidad y, además, hacen referencia a terceros ajenos (stakeholders) que se pueden ver afectados por la operación mercantil. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo reinterpretar la estipulación a favor de un tercero y la oponibilidad del contrato a las partes por terceros para dotar de eficacia a las cláusulas sostenibles respecto de quienes no son parte del acuerdo, pero se ven favorecidos por su observancia. Conforme con ello, la hipótesis de esta investigación es que es posible que los stakeholders, como beneficiarios de las cláusulas contractuales que se incorporan en materia de sostenibilidad empresarial, exijan el cumplimiento de las obligaciones contenidas en ellas, porque permite lograr el fin del contrato o, bien, la reparación de los daños en tanto se les reconoce un interés legítimo en su cumplimiento.
ALGUNAS PRECISIONES EN TORNO A LA DEFENSA DE LOS INTERESES GENERALES Y DIFUSOS DE LOS CONSUMIDORES Y USUARIOS
Authors: Aguirrezabal Maite
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajo se analiza la sentencia pronunciada por la Corte de Apelaciones de Santiago con fecha 2 de octubre de 2019, en la causa rol n° 2086-2018, caratulada “Servicio Nacional del Consumidor con Banco de Chile”, referida a la determinación de la competencia para conocer de las acciones interpuestas para velar por los intereses generales de los consumidores, a su diferencia con los intereses supraindividuales y sus mecanismos de protección.
Preoperative Planning of Craniectomy and Reconstruction using 3D Printed Cranioplasty for Treatment of Calvarial Lesion
Authors: Hossain S M Monir , Khalil Md Ibrahim , Subhan Kazi Irfan , Hasanuzzaman Md , Hasan Md Mahmudul , Hasan Md Motasimul
Published: October 2024

There is a number of diseases which causes calvarial lesion. Fibrous dysplasia, intraosseous meningioma, osteoma is to name a few. Treatment of these lesions necessitates removal of part of the skull or craniectomy to decompress the brain and neural elements. The ensuing skull defect needs to be repaired to protect the brain. Previously used allograft and alloplastic materials have been replaced with newer PEEK material, which is more resistant, biocompatible and can be 3D printed. In this series we describe 4 cases in which skull lesions are removed and reconstructed in the same sitting using 3D printed PEEK implant designed preoperatively using high resolution CT data. The results are superior and complication rates are low. All the cases were done in different government hospitals. The technical process was developed indigenously, and the methods are the first in our country.
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2024; 13(2): 64-69
Factors Influencing the Outcome of Patients with Surgically Managed Intracranial Meningioma
Authors: Md Kamal Hossain  , Md Rabiul Karim  , Mohammad Humayun Rashid  , Mohammad Sanaullah  , Mahfujul Quader  , S M Noman Khaled Chowdhury  , Abul Hasan Md Touhidur Reza  , Tapas Sarker  , Ansar Uddin Ahmed  , Kashfia Kamal  , Md Motasimul Hasan  , Sirajul Munir Ohi
Published: October 2024

Background: Intracranial Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumor in  adult which are predominantly non-malignant. Surgical intervention is the goldstandard  treatment option for intracranial meningiomas but the surgical outcomes are  influenced by various epidemiological risk factors. Understanding these factors is  essential for a precise decision-making process, application of effective therapeutic  intervention and prognostication.  Aims: This study aimed to identify the possible predictive factors influencing surgical  outcome in patients with intracranial meningioma.  Materials and Methods: This Prospective Observational Study included 34 patients  of intracranial Meningioma who had surgery in the Department of Neurosurgery,  Chittagong Medical College Hospital between February 2022 to August 2023. Outcome  measures were the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and Karnofsky Performance Status  (KPS) score at the immediate postoperative period, “0” postoperative day, at the time  of discharge, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-surgery. GOS score 1-3 was  considered as poor outcome.  Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.8±12.6 years and 70.6% were female.  Most of the patients were in either ASA class I (35.3%) or Class II (55.9%), and the  median KPS score was 80% before surgery. Twenty-eight (82.4%) patients survived  at least six months following surgery and the 6-months mortality rate was 17.6%.  Twenty-seven (79.4%) patients had a good outcome and 7 (20.6%) patients had a  poor outcome. Preoperative KPS score (p=0.024), tumor location (p=0.019), and tumor  volume (p=0.003) were found to have a significant association with outcome in  univariate analysis. However, none of these factors retained a significant association  in multivariate analysis.  Conclusions: In conclusion, specific influencing factors for postoperative poor  outcomes revealed in univariate analysis in the present study were low preoperative  KPS score, skull base meningioma, and large-size tumor 
Bang. J Neurosurgery 2024; 13(2): 121-129
Introduction: Esperantists in the Twentieth Century: Making Connections in an Age of Division
Authors: Glatigny Pascal Dubourg
Published: October 2024

The transcending of borders marked a large part of the political experience of the 20th century. This aspiration took shape in a century that strengthened and multiplied national barriers and that witnessed two world wars. In response to growing nationalism, many individuals, political movements and communities adopted an enlarged identity bound up with cosmopolitanism, internationalism, pan-Europeanism or, more recently, globalism. These categories, often part of a broader political frame of reference, established a connection between estranged nations but still referred to national divisions. Transnational history has shown how these tendencies were experienced not as a withdrawal of the border framework but as a link between nations-states.

In this context, a particular and powerful way of abolishing national constraints has remained unnoticed by historians: the community of Esperanto speakers. They emerged at the end of the 19th century as an alternative to internationalizing models. With this aim, they developed a linguistic and cultural space that would not be marked by one specific culture to the detriment of the others. Nevertheless, the international language and the social movement created around it had to face the dominant ideological trends of the time.

Through three case studies from the history of the Esperanto movement we propose to deepen the debate on the links between ideology and transnationalism. The first investigates the epistolary relationship between two communists, one Bulgarian and the other Japanese, discussing the trajectory of their political life and most notably their rejection of Stalinism. The second focuses on the link between Esperanto and anticolonial thinking in East Asia during the 1930s and early 1940s. Based on the study of literature and in particular of post-war Esperanto poetry, the third contribution examines the reasons that led a number of authors to choose the international language Esperanto to formulate their own account of WWII and to perpetuate the memory of the collective tragedy.
Pan-Babilonizm, Tek tanrılı Dinlerin Kökeni Babil Mitolojisi mi?
Authors: Doğan Servet
Published: October 2024

19. yüzyılın sonuna doğru Sümer-Babil tufan efsanesi, Amarna mektupları ve hepsinden önemlisi Hammurabi kanunları gibi bir dizi önemli çivi yazısı ile yazılmış metinler gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Bazı bilim adamları bu keşiflerden o kadar olarak etkilendiler ki, Yahudilik, Hristiyanlık ve İslamiyet’in tüm dini mirasını ve geleneklerini Sümer-Babil kaynaklı olduğunu ileri sürdüler. Yine bazıları bunula da kalmayıp tüm dünya mitoloji ve dinlerinin kökeninin Babil astral dini olduğu iddia etti. Dinlerin kökenine ait geliştirilen bu teoriye Pan-Babilonizm denmektedir. Gerçekten de çivi yazılı literatürle Eski Ahit anlatıları arasında ilginç paralellikler bulunmaktadır. Ancak buradan hareketle Pan-Babilonist iddiaları desteklemek için ilgisiz birçok şey arasında da ilgi kurmuşlar, varılmayacak sonuçlara varmışladır. Pan-Babilizmin peşinden de Pan-Ejiptizm, Pan Ugaritizm, Pan Eblaizm ve Pan Hurrizm gibi bir takım artçı teoriler ortaya atılmış ancak hiçbiri Pan-Babilonizm kadar etkili olmamıştır. Bu makale söz konusu teorileri savunan Asurolog ve Teologların iddialarını ve onlara karşı çıkan araştırmacıların sergiledikleri tutumları ve temel argümanlarını ele almaktadır
Bir Örnek Kılavuzluğunda Üslup Açısından Zemin Şiir Nazire Kıyası
Authors: Akın Mehmet
Published: October 2024

Bu çalışma bir zemin şiir ve nazireyi çeşitli yönlerden karşılaştırıp üslup açısından benzerliklerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma zemin şiir ve nazireyi üslup açısından mukayese ettiği için orijinallik göstermektedir. Giriş bölümünde nazirenin tanımı yapılıp divan şairlerinin gelişimindeki önemine değinilmiştir. Yine aynı bölümde bir şiirin nazire olabilmesi için taşıması gereken özellikler belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca nazirenin tarihi gelişimi ortaya konmuştur. Nazirenin gelişiminde nazire mecmularının katkısı üzerinde durulmuştur. Akabinde çalışmaya konu olan nazireyi yazan Yaver ve zemin şiirin sahibi Muhlis Bey hakkında kısaca bilgi verildi. Çalışmanın ana bölümünde önce zemin şiir ve nazire cümle ögeleri ve türleri açısından incelendi. Şiirlerdeki sözcük türlerinin kullanım sıklığı ile ilgili bilgi verildi. Bundan sonra şiir ritim, ahenk ve ses açısından incelendi. Ana bölümlerin sonunda şiirlerin şerhlerine yer verildi. Neticede şiirlerde yüklemlerin diğer ögelere göre, rediflerin de etkisiyle, daha fazla kullanıldığı belirlendi. Ayrıca bağlı ve birleşik cümle türlerinden yararlanılmıştır. İki şiirde de genellikle geniş zaman kipinin ve ikinci, üçüncü şahısların daha fazla kullanıldığı tespit edildi. Sözcük türlerinden ise daha çok isimlere yer verildiği görüldü. Şiirde aruz kullanımı ve kafiye, redifler şiirdeki ses benzerliklerini ve vurguyu etkilemiştir. Şiir; cümle ögeleri, türleri, kip-kişi, sözcük türleri, ritim, ahenk ve ses açısından incelenirken bunların şiirin anlamına etkisi üzerinde de ayrıca duruldu.
Bir perinatoloji kliniğinin genetik amniyosentez sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi: Tek merkez çalışması
Authors: Çetin Orkun , Yaşar Öymen Kutbay , Dokurel İpek , Kunt Batuhan
Published: October 2024

Özet: Balıkesir Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Anabilim Dalı Perinatoloji kliniğinde Ağustos 2019- Kasım 2023 tarihleri arasında 249 ikinci trimester genetik amniyosentez işlemi yapıldı ve sonuçları incelendi. Bu inceleme sonucun da olguların yaşları, amniyosentez endikasyonları, amniyosentez karyotip sonuçları ve amniyosentez sonrası komplikasyon oranları kaydedildi. En sık görülen endikasyon birinci ve ikinci trimester tarama testinde yüksek risk sebebiyle 139 (%55.8) yapılan idi. Kaydedilen sonuçlar ışığında amniyosentez işlemlerinin % 10.8 kromozom anomalisi, % 6.0 Trizomi, %2.4 Trizomi 18, % 0.4 Trizomi 13, % 0.4 Turner sendromu tespit edildi. Amniyosentez sonrasında sadece 2 (% 0.8) olguda fetal kayıp yaşandı. Amniyosentez işlemleri sonrasında rastlana en sık komplikasyon ağrıydı (% 10.4). Dört olgumuzda ise amniyosentez sırasında yeterli materyal alınmasına rağmen kültür başarısızlığı nedeniyle karyotip sonucu verilemedi. Veriler incelendiğinde otozomal trizomilerden 21,18 ve 13 en sık ve yaygın görülenlerdir. Turner ve Klinefelter ise en sıkla rastlanan cinsiyet kromozomu anomalileridir. Amniyosentez işlemi prenatal invazif tanı testleri arasında günümüzde halen yerini korumaktadır. Amniyosentez işleminin prenatal tanıda deneyimli uzmanlar tarafından yapılması olası fetal ve maternal komplikasyonları en aza indirmektedir.

Absract: Between August 2019 and November 2023, 249 second trimester genetic amniocentesis procedures were performed in the Perinatology Clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Balıkesir University, between August 2019 and November 2023 and the results were analysed. The ages of the patients, indications for amniocentesis, amniocentesis karyotype results and complication rates after amniocentesis were recorded. The most common indication for amniocentesis was 139 (55.8%) due to high risk in the first and second trimester screening test. In the light of the recorded results, 10.8% chromosomal abnormalities, 6.0% trisomy, 2.4% trisomy 18, 0.4% trisomy 13, 0.4% Turner syndrome were detected. Foetal loss occurred in only 2 cases (0.8%) after amniocentesis. The most common complication after amniocentesis was pain (10.4%). In four cases, although sufficient material was obtained during amniocentesis, karyotype results could not be obtained due to culture failure. When the data were analysed, autosomal trisomies 21, 18 and 13 are the most frequent and common ones. Turner and Klinefelter are the most common sex chromosome anomalies. Amniocentesis is still the most common prenatal invasive diagnostic test. Performing amniocentesis by specialists experienced in prenatal diagnosis minimises potential fetal and maternal complications.
Exploring the potential for organic aquaculture in Sivas Province, Turkey: A pathway to sustainable development
Authors: Dirican Seher
Published: October 2024

Organic aquaculture is an environmentally, socially and economically sustainable form of agriculture. Although organic aquaculture principles and standards have been established in the world and in Turkey, there are no established and operating facilities related to organic aquaculture in Sivas province. This study suggests optimistic and positive hopes for the start of organic aquaculture in Sivas province. There are suitable and untapped water resources in Sivas province where organic aquaculture can be carried out. Establishing and starting organic aquaculture facilities in Sivas province has the potential to create new employment opportunities and make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of Sivas province and therefore Turkey.
Association between varicose veins and constitution of traditional Chinese medicine plus heart-failure-like symptoms
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Ken , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Lu Wen-Yu , Liaw Yung-Po
Published: October 2024

Background

Varicose veins are a common issue for employees in jobs that require prolonged standing compared with all other employees. However, its relationship with presentations of traditional Chinese medicine constitution is unknown. This study aimed to investigate their association.

Material and methods

Data in the study were obtained from questionnaires of patients in Taiwan Biobank, enrolled from 2008 to 2020. The responses to the statement “I can see distorted blood vessels on my four limbs (varicose veins).” were categorized into none, mild, moderate, severe. and more severe, and the same scale was also used to classify breathing difficulties and hypotension.

Results

A total of 11,293 participants were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of women was higher in the studied group compared with the control. Patients complained of breathing difficulties with moderate (30.49%) and severe discomfort (12.44%) in the diseased group. Regarding hypotension, 28.81% and 9.82% of the patients presented with moderate and severe hypotension, respectively. The cofactor odds ratio was 1.775 for severe breathing difficulty/moderate hypotension and 2.235 for severe breathing difficulty/severe hypotension, with statistical significance. The combined impact of breathing difficulties and hypotension increased with severity.

Conclusions

Varicose veins had a higher association with breathing difficulties and hypotension as the severity of the condition worsened. The combined impact of breathing difficulties and hypotension increased as the disease progressed. Therefore, self-reported assessments can be a useful tool for evaluating patients with asymptomatic varicose veins before the development of “heart-failure-like symptoms” to reduce the risk of underdiagnosis.
Immune regulation and prognostic prediction model establishment and validation of PSMB6 in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhao Haiyang , Luo Kexin , Liu Meihan , Cai Yuanze , Liu Siman , Li Shijuan , Zhao Yongsheng , Zhang Hongpan
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, posing a substantial risk to human health, so it is crucial to establish a model to forecast the prognosis of patients with lung cancer. Recent research has indicated that proteasome 20S subunit 6 (PSMB6) may be closely associated with anti-apoptotic pathways, and proliferation transduction signals in tumor cells of different tumors. However, the precise role of PSMB6 in the immunoregulatory processes within lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is yet to be elucidated. By analyzing the TCGA database, we discovered a positive correlation between the expression of PSMB6 and tumor growth trends, and lung adenocarcinoma patients with elevated PSMB6 expression levels had a worse prognosis. Our findings suggest a close correlation between PSMB6 expression levels, immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression, which suggests that PSMB6 may become a new independent prognostic indicator. In addition, we developed a prognostic model of PSMB6-regulated immune infiltration-associated genes by analyzing the link between PSMB6 and the immune microenvironment. This model can not only predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma but also forecasts the patient’s reaction to immunotherapy. The validity of this research outcome has been confirmed by the GSE31210 and IMvigor210 cohorts. Analysis of the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database indicates that individuals with elevated levels of PSMB6 expression exhibit a poorer prognosis. Additionally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PSMB6 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells while promoting their apoptosis. Overall, our findings suggest that PSMB6 could remarkably influence the management and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, opening new avenues for targeted immunotherapeutic strategies.
Investigating tumor immunogenicity in breast cancer: deciphering the tumor immune response to enhance therapeutic approaches
Authors: Naji Oumayma , Ghouzlani Amina , Rafii Soumaya , Sadiqi Rizwan ullah , Kone Abdou-samad , Harmak Zakia , Choukri Khalil , Kandoussi Sarah , Karkouri Mehdi , Badou Abdallah
Published: October 2024

The interplay between immune cells and malignant cells represents an essential chapter in the eradication of breast cancer. This widely distributed and diverse form of cancer represents a major threat to women worldwide. The incidence of breast cancer is related to several risk factors, notably genetic predisposition and family antecedents. Despite progress in treatment modalities varying from surgery and chemotherapy to radiotherapy and targeted therapies, persistently high rates of recurrence, metastasis, and treatment resistance underscore the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. Immunotherapy has gained considerable ground in the treatment of breast cancer, as it takes advantage of the complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment. This dynamic interplay between immune and tumor cells has become a key point of focus in immunological research. This study investigates the role of various cancer markers, such as neoantigens and immune regulatory genes, in the diagnosis and treatment of breast tumors. Moreover, it explores the future potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors as therapeutically effective agents, as well as the challenges that prevent their efficacy, in particular tumor-induced immunosuppression and the difficulty of achieving tumor specificity.
Comprehensive single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses to develop an NK cell-derived gene signature for prognostic assessment and precision medicine in breast cancer
Authors: Hou Qianshan , Li Chunzhen , Chong Yuhui , Yin Haofeng , Guo Yuchen , Yang Lanjie , Li Tianliang , Yin Shulei
Published: October 2024

Background

Natural killer (NK) cells play crucial roles in mediating anti-cancer activity in breast cancer (BRCA). However, the potential of NK cell-related molecules in predicting BRCA outcomes and guiding personalized therapy remains largely unexplored. This study focused on developing a prognostic and therapeutic prediction model for BRCA by incorporating NK cell-related genes.

Methods

The data analyzed primarily originated from the TCGA and GEO databases. The prognostic role of NK cells was evaluated, and marker genes of NK cells were identified via single-cell analysis. Module genes closely associated with immunotherapy resistance were identified by bulk transcriptome-based weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Following taking intersection and LASSO regression, NK-related genes (NKRGs) relevant to BRCA prognosis were screened, and the NK-related prognostic signature was subsequently constructed. Analyses were further expanded to clinicopathological relevance, GSEA, tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis, immune function, immunotherapy responsiveness, and chemotherapeutics. Key NKRGs were screened by machine learning and validated by spatial transcriptomics (ST) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results

Tumor-infiltrating NK cells are a favorable prognostic factor in BRCA. By combining scRNA-seq and bulk transcriptomic analyses, we identified 7 NK-related prognostic NKRGs (CCL5, EFHD2, KLRB1, C1S, SOCS3, IRF1, and CCND2) and developed an NK-related risk scoring (NKRS) system. The prognostic reliability of NKRS was verified through survival and clinical relevance analyses across multiple cohorts. NKRS also demonstrated robust predictive power in various aspects, including TME landscape, immune functions, immunotherapy responses, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Additionally, KLRB1 and CCND2 emerged as key prognostic NKRGs identified through machine learning and external validation, with their expression correlation with NK cells confirmed in BRCA specimens by ST and IHC.

Conclusions

We developed a novel NK-related gene signature that has proven valuable for evaluating prognosis and treatment response in BRCA, expecting to advance precision medicine of BRCA.
Investigating the role of disulfidptosis related genes in radiotherapy resistance of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pan Xiaoxia , Qian Hongyan , Sun Zhouna , Yi Qiong , Liu Ying , Lan Gangzhi , Chen Jia , Wang Gaoren
Published: October 2024

Background

Radiotherapy resistance is an important reason for high mortality in lung cancer patients, but the mechanism is still unclear. Dysregulation of cell proliferation and death plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In recent times, a novel form of cellular demise called disulfidptosis, has attracted increasing attention. However, it is unclear whether the radiation-related disulfidptosis genes have prognostic role in LUAD.

Methods

A complete suite of bioinformatics tools was used to analyze the expression and prognostic significance of radiation-related disulfidptosis genes. Afterward, we investigated the predictive significance of the risk signature in tumor microenvironments (TME), somatic mutations, and immunotherapies. In addition, we conducted a series of experiments to verify the expression of differentially expressed radiotherapy related disulfidptosis genes (DERRDGs) in vitro.

Results

A total of 88 DERRDGs were found. We constructed and validated a novel prognostic model based on PRELP, FGFBP1, CIITA and COL5A1. The enrichment analysis showed the DERRDG affected tumor prognosis by influencing tumor microenvironments (TME) and immunotherapy. And we constructed nomogram to promote clinical application. In addition, q-PCR confirmed the significant differences in the expression of prognostic genes between A549 irradiation-resistance cell and A549. Finally, western-blot, IHC staining, and small interference experiment suggested that PRELP may be a potential biomarker for radiotherapy resistance, whose low expression was associated with poor outcomes in LUAD patients.

Conclusion

This study reveals the signature and possible underlying mechanisms of DERRDGs in LUAD and discovered the key gene PRELP, which helps to identify new prognostic biomarkers and provides a basis for future research.
Insights into the microbiota of raw milk from seven breeds animals distributing in Xinjiang China
Authors: Luo Baolong , Dong Fujin , Liu Yuyang , Du Jie , Sun Hailong , Ni Yongqing , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2024

Owing to its high nutritional content, raw milk contains a rich microbiota. Thus, to study microorganisms present in raw milk available in Xinjiang China, 142 raw milk samples from seven animal breeds (cow, sheep, goat, donkey, horse, camel, and yak) and four regions (Hami, Tarbagatay, Kashgar, and Ili) were analyzed by high-throughput DNA sequencing. These microorganisms were characterized by 10 dominant phyla. Proteobacteria (68.33%) was the major phylum, followed by Firmicutes (18.80%) and Thermi (3.16%). Horse milk contained more Bacteroidetes, sheep milk contained more Gammaproteobacteria, and donkey milk contained more unclassified sequences. Camel and donkey milk contained the highest and lowest bacterial diversity compared with that contained by the remaining milk samples, respectively. Additionally, spoilage microorganisms, including Chryseobacterium, Propionibacterium, and Flavobacterium, and pathogenic bacteria, including Ochrobactrum anthropi and Sphingomonas, were more prevalent in horse and yak milk, whereas probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, or Lactobacillus, were more prevalent in goat, donkey, and camel milk. Furthermore, Moraxella was abundantly present in goat, camel, and yak milk, Acinetobacter was more abundant in camel milk, and Pseudomonas was relatively abundant in sheep and donkey milk. Overall, specific harmful microorganisms and probiotic lactic acid bacteria were found in the raw milk samples obtained from different animals, which provided a basis for preventing and controlling the growth of harmful bacteria, as well as investigating probiotic resources in raw milk.
The postbiotic potential of Aspergillus oryzae – a narrative review
Authors: Seidler Yvonne , Rimbach Gerald , Lüersen Kai , Vinderola Gabriel , Ipharraguerre Ignacio R.
Published: October 2024

The filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae has a long tradition in East Asian food processing. It is therefore not surprising that in recent years fermentation products of A. oryzae have attracted attention in the emerging field of postbiotics. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the potential postbiotic effects of fermentation products from A. oryzae, by discussing possible mechanisms of action against the background of the molecular composition determined so far. In particular, cell wall constituents, enzymes, extracellular polymeric substances, and various metabolites found in A. oryzae fermentation preparations are described in detail. With reference to the generally assumed key targets of postbiotics, their putative beneficial bioactivities in modulating the microbiota, improving epithelial barrier function, influencing immune responses, metabolic reactions and signaling through the nervous system are assessed. Drawing on existing literature and case studies, we highlight A. oryzae as a promising source of postbiotics, particularly in the context of animal health and nutrition. Challenges and opportunities in quality control are also addressed, with a focus on the necessity for standardized methods to fully harness the potential of fungal-based postbiotics. Overall, this article sheds light on the emerging field of A. oryzae-derived postbiotics and emphasizes the need for further research to fully realize their therapeutic potential.
Mitochondrial resilience and antioxidant defence against HIV-1: unveiling the power of Asparagus racemosus extracts and Shatavarin IV
Authors: Jadaun Pratiksha , Harshithkumar R. , Seniya Chandrabhan , Gaikwad Shraddha Y. , Bhoite Shubhangi P. , Chandane-Tak Madhuri , Borse Swapnil , Chavan-Gautam Preeti , Tillu Girish , Mukherjee Anupam
Published: October 2024

Asparagusracemosus (AR), an Ayurvedic botanical, possesses various biological characteristics, yet its impact on HIV-1 replication remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of AR root extracts and its principal bioactive molecule, Shatavarin IV (Shatavarin), on HIV-1 replication and their role in mitigating mitochondrial dysfunction during HIV-1 infection, utilizing both in vitro and in silico methodologies. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated using MTT and ATPlite assays. In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity was assessed in TZM-bl cells against X4 and R5 subtypes, and confirmed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using HIV-1 p24 antigen capture ELISA and viral copy number assessment. Mechanistic insights were obtained through enzymatic assays targeting HIV-1 Integrase, Protease and Reverse Transcriptase. Shatavarin’s activity was also validated via viral copy number and p24 antigen capture assays, along with molecular interaction studies against key HIV-1 replication enzymes. HIV-1 induced mitochondrial dysfunction was evaluated by detecting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium accumulation, mitochondrial potential, and caspase activity within the infected cells. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of both aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts derived from Asparagus racemosus roots displayed dose-dependent inhibition of HIV-1 replication. Notably, the hydroalcoholic extract exhibited superior Reverse Transcriptase activity, complemented by moderate activity observed in the Protease assay. Molecular interaction studies revealed that Shatavarin IV, the key bioactive constituent of AR, formed hydrogen bonds within the active binding pocket site residues crucial for HIV replication enzyme catalysis, suggesting its potential in attenuating HIV-1 infection. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by HIV-1 infection, marked by increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial calcium overload, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and elevated caspase activity, was effectively mitigated by treatment with AR extracts and Shatavarin IV. These findings underscore the potential of AR extracts and Shatavarin IV as antiviral agents, while enhancing mitochondrial function during HIV-1 infection. In conclusion, Asparagus racemosus extracts, particularly Shatavarin IV, demonstrate promising inhibitory effects against HIV-1 replication while concurrently ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction induced by the virus. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of AR extracts and Shatavarin in combating HIV-1 infection and improving mitochondrial health.