bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Individual Composition and Dynamics of Anelloviruses during Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Recipient Management
Authors: Bal Antonin , Sarkozy Clémentine , Josset Laurence , Cheynet Valérie , Oriol Guy , Becker Jérémie , Vilchez Gaëlle , Sesques Pierre , Mallet François , Pachot Alexandre , Morfin Florence , Lina Bruno , Salles Gilles , Reynier Fréderic , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Brengel-Pesce Karen
Published: November 2018

Over recent years, there has been increasing interest in the use of the anelloviruses, the major component of the human virome, for the prediction of post-transplant complications such as severe infections. Due to an important diversity, the comprehensive characterization of this viral family over time has been poorly studied. To overcome this challenge, we used a metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) approach with the aim of determining the individual anellovirus profile of autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) patients. We conducted a prospective pilot study on a homogeneous patient cohort regarding the chemotherapy regimens that included 10 ASCT recipients. A validated viral mNGS workflow was used on 108 plasma samples collected at 11 time points from diagnosis to 90 days post-transplantation. A complex interindividual variability in terms of abundance and composition was noticed. In particular, a strong sex effect was found and confirmed using quantitative PCR targeting torque teno virus, the most abundant anellovirus. Interestingly, an important turnover in the anellovirus composition was observed during the course of the disease revealing a strong intra-individual variability. Although more studies are needed to better understand anellovirus dynamics, these findings are of prime importance for their future use as biomarkers of immune competence.
Hydrological Guidelines for Reservoir Operation to Enhance Water Governance: Application to the Brazilian Semiarid Region
Authors: De Araújo José Carlos , Mamede George Leite , De Lima Berthyer Peixoto
Published: November 2018

The Brazilian water legislation advocates that some uses have priority over others, but this aspect has never been clearly addressed, generating conflicts. Water authorities usually refer to hydrological models to justify their decisions on water allocation. However, a significant group of stakeholders does not feel qualified to discuss these models and is excluded from the decision process. We hereby propose a hydrologically robust method to correlate water uses with their respective reservoir alert volumes, which should empower the less formally educated stakeholders. The method consists of: (i) generating the water yield versus reliability curve, using a stochastic approach; (ii) generating the yield versus alert volume family of curves, using a water-balance approach; (iii) calibrating the key parameter T (depletion duration) using field data; and (iv) associating each water use with its alert volume. We have applied the method to four of the largest reservoirs (2 × 103–2 × 102 hm3) in the semi-arid Ceará State. The results indicate that low-priority water uses should be rationalized when the reservoir volume is below 20%, whereas uses with very high priority should start rationalization when it is below 11%. These hydrological guidelines should help enhance water governance among non-specialist stakeholders in water-scarce and reservoir-dependent regions.
Evolution of Hydrodynamic Characteristics with Scour Hole Developing around a Pile Group
Authors: Yang Yilin , Qi Meilan , Li Jinzhao , Ma Xiaodong
Published: November 2018

This study concerns the evolution of flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics within the developing scour hole around a four-pile group with 2 × 2 arrangement. The instantaneous velocities in scour holes at four typical stages during the scouring process were measured by an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV). The evolution and spatial distribution of the time-averaged flow field, turbulence, and the corresponding hydrodynamic characteristics within scour holes were compared. The time-averaged flow field shows that the reverse flow, downward flow, and horseshoe vortex are formed in the upstream of the pile group. During the scouring process, the mean components of flow characteristics (i.e., mean velocity, vorticity, and bed shear stress) around the pile group decrease while the fluctuating components (i.e., turbulence intensity) intensify simultaneously. Similarity of turbulence intensity profiles was found within different scour holes. The horseshoe vortex at upstream of each pile merges and the shear layer in the gap region extends when the dimension of the scour hole increases to that of equilibrium scour status, indicating that the four piles behave more like a single bluff body. With the development of scour holes, the large-scale horseshoe vortex system becomes more stable and the dissipation of small-scale eddies becomes more significant.
Indigenous Water Governance in Australia: Comparisons with the United States and Canada
Authors: Tsatsaros Julie H. , Wellman Jennifer L. , Bohnet Iris C. , Brodie Jon E. , Valentine Peter
Published: November 2018

Aboriginal participation in water resources decision making in Australia is similar when compared with Indigenous peoples’ experiences in other common law countries such as the United States and Canada; however, this process has taken different paths. This paper provides a review of the literature detailing current legislative policies and practices and offers case studies to highlight and contrast Indigenous peoples’ involvement in water resources planning and management in Australia and North America. Progress towards Aboriginal governance in water resources management in Australia has been slow and patchy. The U.S. and Canada have not developed consistent approaches in honoring water resources agreements or resolving Indigenous water rights issues either. Improving co-management opportunities may advance approaches to improve interjurisdictional watershed management and honor Indigenous participation. Lessons learned from this review and from case studies presented provide useful guidance for environmental managers aiming to develop collaborative approaches and co-management opportunities with Indigenous people for effective water resources management.
Shore Protection Structures Increase and Evolution on the Northern Tuscany Coast (Italy): Influence of Tourism Industry
Authors: Pranzini Enzo , Anfuso Giorgio , Cinelli Irene , Piccardi Marco , Vitale Giovanni
Published: November 2018

Analysis of a large shoreline database (from 1878 to 2017) and recompilation of information on type/age of shore protection structures along the Northern Tuscany, allowed a deep insight of the progressive armouring of this coastal sector. The area experienced beach erosion since the end of the 19th century due to reduced sediment inputs from rivers and harbour constructions. Shore protection structures started to develop at the beginning of the 20th century, first to protect settlements and coastal roads, later to maintain a beach for tourist activity. The changing of the goal and the increasing awareness of the negative impact of some structures resulted in an evolution of coastal defence projects: initially, seawalls and revetments, later detached breakwaters and, more recently, groins. Today, a reduction in hard structures is perceived by removing or lowering detached breakwaters and groins below mean sea level. The forcing function of the growing tourism industry is producing a demand for projects and their design is detailed in this paper: results will be of use in the correct design of a long-term, general, erosion management plan to restore the natural sediment circulation patterns.
Studying Inertia Effects in Open Channel Flow Using Saint-Venant Equations
Authors: Shih Dong-Sin , Yeh Gour-Tsyh
Published: November 2018

One-dimensional (1D) Saint-Venant equations, which originated from the Navier–Stokes equations, are usually applied to express the transient stream flow. The governing equation is based on the mass continuity and momentum equivalence. Its momentum equation, partially comprising the inertia, pressure, gravity, and friction-induced momentum loss terms, can be expressed as kinematic wave (KIW), diffusion wave (DIW), and fully dynamic wave (DYW) flow. In this study, the method of characteristics (MOCs) is used for solving the diagonalized Saint-Venant equations. A computer model, CAMP1DF, including KIW, DIW, and DYW approximations, is developed. Benchmark problems from MacDonald et al. (1997) are examined to study the accuracy of the CAMP1DF model. The simulations revealed that CAMP1DF can simulate almost identical results that are valid for various fluvial conditions. The proposed scheme that not only allows a large time step size but also solves half of the simultaneous algebraic equations. Simulations of accuracy and efficiency are both improved. Based on the physical relevance, the simulations clearly showed that the DYW approximation has the best performance, whereas the KIW approximation results in the largest errors. Moreover, the field non-prismatic case of the Zhuoshui River in central Taiwan is studied. The simulations indicate that the DYW approach does not ensure achievement of a better simulation result than the other two approximations. The investigated cross-sectional geometries play an important role in stream routing. Because of the consideration of the acceleration terms, the simulated hydrograph of a DYW reveals more physical characteristics, particularly regarding the raising and recession of limbs. Note that the KIW does not require assignment of a downstream boundary condition, making it more convenient for field application.
Assessing the Importance of Potholes in the Canadian Prairie Region under Future Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Muhammad Ameer , Evenson Grey , Stadnyk Tricia , Boluwade Alaba , Jha Sanjeev , Coulibaly Paulin
Published: November 2018

The Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of Canada contains millions of small isolated wetlands and is unique to North America. The goods and services of these isolated wetlands are highly sensitive to variations in precipitation and temperature. We evaluated the flood proofing of isolated wetlands (pothole wetlands) under various climate change scenarios in the Upper Assiniboine River Basin (UARB) at Kamsack, a headwater catchment of the Lake of the Prairies in the Canadian portion of the PPR. A modified version of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was utilized to simulate projected streamflow under the potential impacts of climate change, along with changes to the distribution of pothole wetlands. Significant increases in winter streamflow (~200%) and decreases (~11%) in summer flow, driven by changes in future climates, were simulated. Simulated changes in streamflow resulting from pothole removal were between 55% for winter and 15% for summer, suggesting that climate will be the primary driver in the future hydrologic regime of the study region. This research serves as an important guide to the various stakeholder organizations involved in quantifying the aggregate impacts of pothole wetlands in the hydrology of the Canadian Prairie Region.
Therapeutic alternatives for supporting GPs to deprescribe opioids: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: White Ruth A , Hayes Chris , Boyes Allison W , Chiu Simon , Paul Christine L
Published: November 2018

Background

GPs are central to opioid strategy in chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Lack of treatment alternatives and providers are common reasons cited for not deprescribing opioids. There are limited data about availability of multidisciplinary healthcare providers (MHCPs), such as psychologists, physiotherapists, or dietitians, who can provide broader treatments.

Aim

To explore availability of MHCPs, and the association with GP opioid deprescribing and transition to therapeutic alternatives for CNCP.

Design & setting

Cross-sectional survey of all practising GPs (N = 1480) in one mixed urban and regional Australian primary health network.

Method

A self-report mailed questionnaire assessed the availability of MHCPs and management of their most recent patient on long-term opioids for CNCP.

Results

Six hundred and eighty-one (46%) valid responses were received. Most GPs (71%) had access to a pain specialist and MHCPs within 50 km. GPs’ previous referral for specialist support was significantly associated with access to a greater number of MHCPs (P = 0.001). Employment of a nurse increased the rate ratio of available MHCPs by 12.5% (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.125, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.001 to 1.264). Only one-third (32%) of GPs reported willingness to deprescribe and shift to broader CNCP treatments. Availability of MHCPs was not significantly associated with deprescribing decisions.

Conclusion

Lack of geographical access to known MHCPs does not appear to be a major barrier to opioid deprescribing and shifting toward non-pharmacological treatments for CNCP. Considerable opportunity remains to encourage GPs' decision to deprescribe, with employment of a practice nurse appearing to play a role.
L'entreprise familiale au Sénégal : entre solidarité, tensions et recompositions
Authors: Simen Serge
Published: November 2018

L'objectif général visé dans cette étude est de tenter un décryptage de la notion d'entreprise familiale au Sénégal, particulièrement en zone urbaine dakaroise. Nous essaierons de comprendre ses dynamiques, sa nature, son fonctionnement afin de déterminer son ampleur et son impact dans le tissu économique national. Notre enquête est qualitative, elle est essentiellement fondée sur des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de cinq dirigeants d'entreprises familiales à Dakar.

Ce travail se fonde sur l'hypothèse que la famille reste un analyseur socio-anthropologique dynamique de tout projet entrepreneurial au Sénégal. Il nous semble qu'il existe, dans ce pays, une interdépendance quasi naturelle entre relations sociales, réseau de la parentèle, système d'entraide et création d'entreprises. C'est le fameux «contrat social » de Rousseau, version sénégalaise. Mais ce contrat, en devenant projet d'entreprenariat, révèle souvent de fortes tensions entre solidarité nécessaire et exigences de performance propre à toute entreprise.
Charged particle single nanometre manufacturing
Authors: Prewett Philip D , Hagen Cornelis W , Lenk Claudia , Lenk Steve , Kaestner Marcus , Ivanov Tzvetan , Ahmad Ahmad , Rangelow Ivo W , Shi Xiaoqing , Boden Stuart A , Robinson Alex P G , Yang Dongxu , Hari Sangeetha , Scotuzzi Marijke , Huq Ejaz
Published: November 2018

Following a brief historical summary of the way in which electron beam lithography developed out of the scanning electron microscope, three state-of-the-art charged-particle beam nanopatterning technologies are considered. All three have been the subject of a recently completed European Union Project entitled “Single Nanometre Manufacturing: Beyond CMOS”. Scanning helium ion beam lithography has the advantages of virtually zero proximity effect, nanoscale patterning capability and high sensitivity in combination with a novel fullerene resist based on the sub-nanometre C60molecule. The shot noise-limited minimum linewidth achieved to date is 6 nm. The second technology, focused electron induced processing (FEBIP), uses a nozzle-dispensed precursor gas either to etch or to deposit patterns on the nanometre scale without the need for resist. The process has potential for high throughput enhancement using multiple electron beams and a system employing up to 196 beams is under development based on a commercial SEM platform. Among its potential applications is the manufacture of templates for nanoimprint lithography, NIL. This is also a target application for the third and final charged particle technology, viz. field emission electron scanning probe lithography, FE-eSPL. This has been developed out of scanning tunneling microscopy using lower-energy electrons (tens of electronvolts rather than the tens of kiloelectronvolts of the other techniques). It has the considerable advantage of being employed without the need for a vacuum system, in ambient air and is capable of sub-10 nm patterning using either developable resists or a self-developing mode applicable for many polymeric resists, which is preferred. Like FEBIP it is potentially capable of massive parallelization for applications requiring high throughput.
Pd-Catalyzed microwave-assisted synthesis of phosphonated 13α-estrones as potential OATP2B1, 17β-HSD1 and/or STS inhibitors
Authors: Jójárt Rebeka , Pécsy Szabolcs , Keglevich György , Szécsi Mihály , Rigó Réka , Özvegy-Laczka Csilla , Kecskeméti Gábor , Mernyák Erzsébet
Published: November 2018

Novel 2- or 4-phosphonated 13α-estrone derivatives were synthesized via the Hirao reaction. Bromo regioisomers (2- or 4-) of 13α-estrone and its 3-benzyl or 3-methyl ether were reacted with diethyl phosphite or diphenylphosphine oxide using Pd(PPh3)4 as catalyst under microwave irradiation. The influence of the new compounds on the transport function of the organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP2B1 was investigated by measuring Cascade Blue uptake. Derivatives bearing a 3-benzyl ether function displayed substantial submicromolar OATP2B1 inhibitory activity. The inhibitory effects of the compounds on human placental steroid sulfatase (STS) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 isozyme (17β-HSD1) were investigated by in vitro radiosubstrate incubation methods. None of the test compounds inhibited the STS markedly. The structure–activity relationship evaluation revealed that 2-substituted 3-hydroxy derivatives are able to inhibit the 17β-HSD1 enzyme with submicromolar IC50 values. Dual OATP2B1 and 17β-HSD1 inhibitors have been identified.
ARE CREWS EMPOWERED WITH ALL THE RESOURCES NEEDED TO SUCCESSFULLY ADDRESS AN INFLIGHT EMERGENCY? CHECKLISTS, A NECESSARY BUT INSUFFICIENT TOOL
Authors: Muñoz-Marrón Daniel , Gil Francisco , Lanero Ana
Published: November 2018

Although safety in aviation has increased exponentially in recent decades, sadly, plane crashes will always be associated with the operation of the aviation world. The efforts should be directed towards the pursuit of “zero accidents”, providing aircrews with the necessary resources to minimize risks. One of the most important flight operation resources used in aviation is the checklist. However, when faced with an emergency, the crew cannot always make use of them, either because the huge diversity of potential emergencies does not allow to collect all of them in these manuals, or because the time available to react is so short that it makes it impossible to utilize them. This paper shows how aircraft checklists are a necessary but insufficient tool to solve complex, unpredictable, and novel emergencies. Furthermore, based on successfully solved critical events, the authors suggest the implementation of specific techniques for the learning and development of problem-solving programs focused on innovation and divergent thinking to decision making, as part of flight training, in order to increase the crews’ capability to face such emergencies.
TOWARD A CONVERGENT MODEL OF FLEXIBILITY IN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Alkhansari Maryam Gharavi
Published: November 2018

With recent advances in technology, fundamental changes have occurred in architectural flexibility methods, a great deal of experience has been gained, and many strategies and tactics have been developed in this field. However, a convergence is lacking in these experiences, methods, and tactics, which raises a need for providing a convergent approach in this regard. In this paper, it is going to propose such a model of flexibility. To do this, it is first reviewed the general concepts of flexibility, and provide a short review of its history and its main executional tactics. It is then divided its main tactics into eight main groups of: ‘open plan’, ‘pre-fabricated modules’, ‘similar spaces’, ‘extendable unit᾽, ‘attachment and detachment of adjacent units’, ‘common space between adjacent units’, ‘portable walls’, and ‘retractable furniture in a multifunctional space’. Analyzing these tactics, it is extracted the three fundamental principles of flexibility: ‘soft connection’, ‘diversity and multiplicity of spaces’, and ‘multifunctional space’. Accordingly, this paper proposes a concise rule for flexibility as: ‘soft connections between spaces’ which implies to the three principles if some special attentions are paid. Although the rule seems to be simple, the paper argumentations show that paying attention to what it implies, can produce much more flexible spaces than what is created generally. At the same time, new creative ideas along supported by new emerging technologies can enrich these simple solutions extensively.
Spitzer Observations of Interstellar Object 1I/‘Oumuamua
Authors: Trilling David E. , Mommert Michael , Hora Joseph L. , Farnocchia Davide , Chodas Paul , Giorgini Jon , Smith Howard A. , Carey Sean , Lisse Carey M. , Werner Michael , McNeill Andrew , Chesley Steven R. , Emery Joshua P. , Fazio Giovanni , Fernandez Yanga R. , Harris Alan , Marengo Massimo , Mueller Michael , Roegge Alissa , Smith Nathan , Weaver H. A. , Meech Karen , Micheli Marco
Published: November 2018

1I/‘Oumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar body in our solar system. Here we report on observations of ‘Oumuamua made with the Spitzer Space Telescope on 2017 November 21–22 (UT). We integrated for 30.2 hr at 4.5 μm (IRAC channel 2). We did not detect the object and place an upper limit on the flux of 0.3 μJy (3σ). This implies an effective spherical diameter less than [98, 140, 440] m and albedo greater than [0.2, 0.1, 0.01] under the assumption of low, middle, or high thermal beaming parameter η, respectively. With an aspect ratio for ‘Oumuamua of 6:1, these results correspond to dimensions of [240:40, 341:57, 1080:180] m, respectively. We place upper limits on the amount of dust, CO, and CO2 coming from this object that are lower than previous results; we are unable to constrain the production of other gas species. Both our size and outgassing limits are important because ‘Oumuamua’s trajectory shows non-gravitational accelerations that are sensitive to size and mass and presumably caused by gas emission. We suggest that ‘Oumuamua may have experienced low-level post-perihelion volatile emission that produced a fresh, bright, icy mantle. This model is consistent with the expected η value and implied high-albedo value for this solution, but, given our strict limits on CO and CO2, requires another gas species—probably H2O—to explain the observed non-gravitational acceleration. Our results extend the mystery of ‘Oumuamua’s origin and evolution.
New Thermonuclear 10B(α,p)13C Rate and Its Astrophysical Implication in the νp-process
Authors: Zhang L. Y. , He J. J. , Wanajo S. , Dell’Aquila D. , Kubono S. , Zhao G.
Published: November 2018

We have derived a new thermonuclear rate with an associated uncertainty for the 10B(α,p)13C reaction by evaluating the available experimental data for the first time. We provide this rate with a much smaller uncertainty than that estimated in the literature. Our rate differs significantly from the theoretical rates adopted in the current reaction rate libraries. Utilizing this new rate, we have investigated its astrophysical implications on the heavy-element (especially, p-nuclei) production in the νp-process in a stellar model of the neutrino-driven wind of type II core-collapse supernova. It shows that our rate with a much smaller uncertainty strongly constrains the nucleosynthetic results of the light p-nulcei with A ∼ 80–100. In addition, it shows that the difference between observed and predicted abundances for light p-nuclei is quite large, implying either that the present stellar model still needs modification or that additional astrophysical sources are required to account for the origin of some p-nuclei, such as 92Mo and 94Mo.
Don’t Blink: Constraining the Circumstellar Environment of the Interacting Type Ia Supernova 2015cp
Authors: Harris C. E. , Nugent P. E. , Horesh A. , Bright J. S. , Fender R. P. , Graham M. L. , Maguire K. , Smith M. , Butler N. , Valenti S. , Filippenko A. V. , Fox O. , Goobar A. , Kelly P. L. , Shen K. J.
Published: November 2018

Despite their cosmological utility, the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are still unknown, with many efforts focused on whether accretion from a nondegenerate companion can grow a carbon–oxygen white dwarf to near the Chandrasekhar mass. The association of SNe Ia resembling SN 1991T (“91T-like”) with circumstellar interaction may be evidence for this “single-degenerate” channel. However, the observed circumstellar medium (CSM) in these interacting systems is unlike a stellar wind—of particular interest, it is sometimes detached from the stellar surface, residing at ∼1016 cm. A Hubble Space Telescope (HST) program to discover detached CSM around 91T-like SNe Ia successfully discovered interaction nearly two years after explosion in SN 2015cp (Graham et al. 2018). In this work, we present radio and X-ray follow-up observations of SN 2015cp and analyze them in the framework of Harris et al. (2016) to limit the properties of a constant-density CSM shell in this system. Assuming the HST detection took place shortly after the shock crossed the CSM, we constrain the total CSM mass in this system to be <0.5

. This limit is comparable to the CSM mass of supernova PTF11kx, but does not rule out lower masses predicted for recurrent novae. From lessons learned modeling PTF11kx and SN 2015cp, we suggest a strategy for future observations of these events to increase the sample of known interacting SNe Ia.
A Spatially Resolved au-scale Inner Disk around DM Tau
Authors: Kudo Tomoyuki , Hashimoto Jun , Muto Takayuki , Baobab Liu Hauyu , Dong Ruobing , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Tsukagoshi Takashi , Konishi Mihoko
Published: November 2018

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the dust continuum emission at 1.3 mm and 12CO 

line emission of the transitional disk around DM Tau. DM Tau’s disk is thought to possess a dust-free inner cavity inside a few au, from the absence of near-infrared excess on its spectral energy distribution (SED). Previous submillimeter observations were, however, unable to detect the cavity; instead, a dust ring ∼20 au in radius was seen. The excellent angular resolution achieved in the new ALMA observations, 43 × 31 mas, allows discovery of a 4 au radius inner dust ring, confirming previous SED modeling results. This inner ring is symmetric in continuum emission, but asymmetric in 12CO emission. The known (outer) dust ring at ∼20 au is recovered and shows azimuthal asymmetry with a strong-weak side contrast of ∼1.3. The gap between these two rings is depleted by a factor of ∼40 in dust emission relative to the outer ring. An extended outer dust disk is revealed, separated from the outer ring by another gap. The location of the inner ring is comparable to that of the main asteroid belt in the solar system. As a disk with a “proto-asteroid belt,” the DM Tau system offers valuable clues to disk evolution and planet formation in the terrestrial-planet-forming region.
An interactive key to Central European species of the Pteromalus albipennis species group and other species of the genus (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Pteromalidae), with the description of a new species
Authors: Klimmek Fabian , Baur Hannes
Published: November 2018

Parasitoid wasps of the genusPteromalusplay an important role in biological pest control, however, the genus includes a large number of cryptic species, which makes reliable identification difficult. The latest identification key dates back to Graham (1969) and since then many new species have been described and nomenclatural changes proposed.

Here we present an interactive and fully illustrated identification key in Xper3 for 27 species of thePteromalusalbipennisspecies group as well as for 18 similar species. In addition to qualitative traits, a large set of body measurements is incorporated in the key. We also explored a new set of qualitative features on the propodeum and metasternum. During field work, a new species of theP.albipennisspecies group,P.capitoBaur sp. n., could be reared from flower heads of Asteraceae, which is described here. It looks very similar toP.albipennisandP.cingulipes, however, several qualitative characters and body ratios distinguish it clearly from the most similar species.
A new species of Carvalhomiris from Colombia with an assessment of its phylogenetic position (Heteroptera, Miridae, Orthotylinae)
Authors: Forero Dimitri , Rodríguez Juanita , Ocampo Valentina
Published: November 2018

Plant bugs, species of Miridae (Heteroptera), are not well known in the Neotropics, and Colombia is not an exception. Based on data from the available systematic catalog (Schuh 2002–2013) fewer than 150 species are recorded from the country, clearly an underestimation. Recent fieldwork has resulted in several new interesting taxa from Colombia. Carvalhomiris Maldonado & Ferreira, 1971, contains three described species from Colombia and Ecuador. From specimens collected in Jardín, Antioquia, Carvalhomirishenryisp. n. is described. Images of the dorsal habitus and the male and female genitalia are provided. Based on morphological examination of the new species and published information, morphological characters were coded to construct a phylogenetic matrix for a cladistic analysis in which the phylogenetic position of the new species is assessed. Carvalhomirishenryisp. n. is the northernmost species of the genus and noteworthy because it is the first record of any species of the genus in the Western Cordillera: all other species are known from the eastern flank of the Andes (Ecuador) or the Eastern Cordillera (Colombia). Natural history observations of the new species, including associations with composites (Asteraceae) are provided. It is speculated that the mirid might be predacious.
La voie lactée de la mystique
Authors: Papasogli Benedetta
Published: November 2018

La recherche italienne portant sur les auteurs spirituels et mystiques du xvii e  siècle peut apparaître pulvérisée, dans le choix de ses sujets aussi bien que dans ses enjeux théoriques ou ses approches méthodologiques. Mais une telle complémentarité de perspectives n’est-elle pas, aujourd’hui, la seule manière de rendre compte d’un objet aussi mouvant et complexe que la « spiritualité » ou la « mystique » (que l’historiographie du xx e  siècle décrit souvent comme éparpillement de textes et éclatement du langage) ? Des initiateurs et intercesseurs permettent, pourtant, des vues d’ensemble ; des spécialistes approfondissent quelques filons spécifiques ; des croisements pluridisciplinaires se vérifient autour de certaines figures, en particulier autour de Fénelon. Et une activité éditoriale vivace ne cesse de témoigner de l’intérêt que les maîtres spirituels du Grand Siècle suscitent chez des lecteurs savants et non savants.
Manzour à Saint-Lazare. Une apparition de Jean Damascène dans le théâtre français
Authors: Kontouma Vassa
Published: November 2018

Le ms. 3917 ( xvii e  s.) de la Bibliothèque Mazarine livre un ensemble de quatre tragédies néolatines s’inspirant de la vie de saints orientaux et renvoyant, à travers eux, à quatre possibles terrains de mission. Il s’agit d’Athanase d’Alexandrie pour l’Égypte, de Jean Damascène pour la Syrie, de Syméon de Séleucie pour la Perse, de Barlaam et Joasaph pour l’Inde. Trois de ces tragédies sont l’œuvre de Jacques Davy, père lazariste reçu à la Congrégation de la Mission en 1666, et une à Nicolas Messier, de la même Congrégation. C’est la tragédie Saint Jean Damascène qui fait l’objet de la présente contribution. Après une prise en compte des procédés de composition mis en œuvre, l’attention est portée sur les sources savantes convoquées par le dramaturge, ainsi la Chronographia de Théophane le Confesseur, éditée à Paris en 1655. Enfin, une réflexion est menée sur le contexte dans lequel a travaillé son auteur, Jacques Davy, à savoir le milieu dévot ayant soutenu les missions de Syrie et de Perse (Marie de Combalet, François Piquet, etc.). Une transcription des entractes en français est donnée en annexe.
Sur un aspect de la théorie de Wilfred R. Bion
Authors: Lévy François
Published: November 2018

Le lien, la souffrance et la pensée sont les trois piliers sur lesquels repose l’acte thérapeutique que Freud a baptisé du nom de psychanalyse. Mais la discipline qui en est issue a délaissé l’enfant souffrant alors entraperçu. Les analystes eux-mêmes ont perdu en eux l’enfant cherchant à se faire comprendre. Sigmund Freud, Sandor Ferenczi, Melanie Klein, puis le courant anglo-saxon ont pourtant eu à l’esprit que c’est l’activité de liaison qui permet au nourrisson d’évacuer dans la mère les peurs, les vécus de souffrance et autres terreurs qui empoisonnent son développement. Parmi ces analystes, Wilfred R. Bion est celui qui a le plus insisté sur les effets toxiques de l’ignorance, par l’analyste, de cette dynamique.
Consentir, entre liberté et contrainte
Authors: Ceccaldi Joël
Published: November 2018

Libre et éclairé : voilà comment devrait être un consentement viable, valable et authentique, tant dans le monde de la santé que dans celui des affaires. Mieux même, et plus conforme à l’actualité, est qu’il soit « libre et informé » : cela met en avant la personne concernée plutôt que le message et sa source lumineuse forcément en surplomb. Telles sont en tout cas les conditions qui lui donnent son label aux plans de la loi et de la déontologie, si ce n’est à celui de l’éthique. Pour autant, liberté et information se situent-elles exactement au même niveau fondateur ? Jouent-elles des rôles symétriques dans le processus qui conduit au oui ?
Politique hydro-agricole et résilience de l’agriculture familiale
Authors: Garambois Nadège , Ouaamari Samir El , Fert Mathilde , Radzik Léa
Published: November 2018

Emblématiques des grands projets hydrauliques en Afrique de l’Ouest, les aménagements dans le Delta du fleuve Sénégal, accélérés sous l’influence de la profonde sécheresse au Sahel, ont permis de sécuriser la production en basculant d’une agriculture pluviale et de décrue à une agriculture irriguée. Ils ont en revanche conduit à un bouleversement complet des écosystèmes et de l’agriculture du Delta, dans des contextes de politiques agricoles et de modèles de développement très différents des années 1960 à aujourd’hui, qui ont continûment mis à l’épreuve la résilience de l’agriculture familiale de cette région. Demeurent aujourd’hui des insécurités dans l’accès au foncier, au capital et aux marchés pour lesquelles différentes voies d’adaptation peuvent être envisagées, qui permettent d’interroger la notion de résilience.
A condition-based opportunistic maintenance policy integrated with energy efficiency for two-component parallel systems
Authors: Jiang Aiping , Wang Yuanyuan , Cheng Yide
Published: November 2018

Purpose: In order to improve the energy utilization and achieve sustainable development, this paper integrates energy efficiency into condition-based maintenance(CBM) decision-making for two-component parallel systems. The objective is to obtain the optimal maintenance policy by minimizing total cost.Design/methodology/approach: Based on energy efficiency, the paper considers the economic dependence between the two components to take opportunistic maintenance. Specifically, the objective function consists of traditional maintenance cost and energy cost incurred by energy consumption of components. In order to assess the performance of the proposed new maintenance policy, the paper uses Monte-Carlo method to evaluate the total cost and find the optimal maintenance policy.Findings: Simulation results indicate that the new maintenance policy is superior to the classical condition-based opportunistic maintenance policy in terms of total economic costs.Originality/value: For two-component parallel systems, previous researches usually simply establish a condition-based opportunistic maintenance model based on real deterioration data, but ignore energy consumption, energy efficiency (EE) and their contributions of sustainable development. This paper creatively takes energy efficiency into condition-based maintenance(CBM) decision-making process, and proposes a new condition-based opportunistic maintenance policy by using energy efficiency indicator(EEI).
Age Alone Does Not Predict Complications, Length of Stay, and Cost for Patients Older Than 90 Years With Hip Fractures
Authors: Lott Ariana , Belayneh Rebekah , Haglin Jack , Konda Sanjit R. , Egol Kenneth A.
Published: November 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the perioperative complication rate and inpatient hospitalization costs associated with hip fractures in patients older than 90 years compared with patients younger than 90 years. Patients 60 years and older with hip fractures treated operatively at 1 academic medical center between October 2014 and September 2016 were analyzed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, length of stay, procedure performed, and inpatient complications were analyzed. Total cost of admission was obtained from the hospital finance department. Outcomes were compared between patients older than 90 years and patients younger than 90 years. A total of 500 patients with hip fractures were included in this study. There were 109 (21.8%) patients 90 years and older and 391 (78.2%) patients 60 to 89 years. There was no difference in fracture pattern, operation performed, Charlson Comorbidity Index, or length of stay between the 2 groups. The mean length of stay for patients 90 years and older with hip fractures was 7.8±4.3 days vs 7.6±4.2 days for the younger cohort (
P
=.552). There was no observed difference in perioperative complications. Finally, there was no difference in the total mean cost of admission. Patients 90 years and older are at no greater risk for perioperative complications based on age alone. They are also no more likely to require longer or more costly hospitalizations than patients younger than 90 years. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(1):e51–e55.]
Factors Associated With Ocular Cyclotorsion Detected by High-Speed Dual-Detection Eye Tracker During Single-Step Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Adib-Moghaddam Soheil , Soleyman-Jahi Saeed , Tofighi Salar , Tefagh Ghazale , Arba-Mosquera Samuel , Kontadakis George , Kymionis George D.
Published: November 2018

PURPOSE:

To determine demographic, surgical, and preoperative visual factors affecting the level of static and dynamic cyclotorsion (SC and DC) in eyes undergoing single-step transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK).

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional study, 386 patients with different types of refractive errors scheduled for single-step TransPRK were enrolled. A comprehensive profile of personal, optic, and visual characteristics of patients as surgical parameters were collected. Statistical modeling was used to explore correlates of SC and DC before and during the refractive procedure, respectively.

RESULTS:

There was no difference in various indices of SC and DC between right and left eyes. Lower age (beta = −0.20), uncorrected (beta = −0.99) and corrected (beta = −0.72) visual acuities, and keratometry (beta = −0.09) were significantly associated with higher ranges of DC during the laser ablation procedure. Worse mesopic contrast sensitivity (beta = 0.24) and higher (beta = 0.002, left eyes) or lower (beta = −0.002, right eyes) kappa locus also showed significant associations with a higher range of DC. In cases of SC before the procedure, amount (beta = 0.46) and axis (beta = −0.003) of the astigmatism demonstrated notable associations.

CONCLUSIONS:

Through comprehensive modeling, age, visual axis indices, visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity were found to be the main factors significantly associated with dynamic ocular globe cyclotorsions during single-step TransPRK. This could help identify eyes at higher risk of cyclotorsion and its potential complications in refractive surgery.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2018;34(11):736–744.]
Incidence and Outcomes of Sterile Multifocal Inflammatory Keratitis and Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis After SMILE
Authors: Reinstein Dan Z. , Stuart Alastair J. , Vida Ryan S. , Archer Timothy J. , Carp Glenn I.
Published: November 2018

PURPOSE:

To report the incidence outcomes of sterile multifocal inflammatory keratitis and diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in a large population.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective review of a population of 4,000 consecutive eyes treated by SMILE at the London Vision Clinic using the VisuMax femtosecond laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). The inclusion criterion was to have presented with inflammatory keratitis after SMILE. In some cases after SMILE, the inflammatory keratitis presented as sterile multifocal interface keratitis uncharacteristic of classic DLK. The incidence was measured and categorized as primary or secondary by presenting appearance, grade, and time to presentation. Patients were observed for 1 year after surgery and standard outcomes analysis was performed.

RESULTS:

Of the 4,000 eye population, there were 18 cases (0.45%) of DLK grade 1 or 2. All cases were managed and resolved with topical steroid therapy. Of these, 12 cases (67%) were of classic appearance and 6 cases (33%) presented as sterile multifocal inflammatory keratitis. DLK was primary in nature in 11 cases (61%) and secondary in 7 cases (39%). Postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/20 or better in 93% of eyes. No patients lost any lines of corrected distance visual acuity and there was no change in contrast sensitivity.

CONCLUSIONS:

DLK occurred after SMILE with an incidence of 0.45% in this population. Topical steroid therapy resolved the DLK in all cases with no sequelae and no adverse effect on refractive or visual outcome at 1 year postoperatively. A unique type of DLK presentation can occur after SMILE, characterized by multiple focal sterile inflammatory spots. Management is the same as for classic DLK, but with a lower threshold for performing an interface washout.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2018;34(11):751–759.]
Fruit morphology of the genus Pimpinella (Apiaceae) in Turkey
Authors: Yeşil Yeter , Akalın Emine , Akpulat Aşkın , Vural Cem
Published: November 2018

To explore if fruit morphology could aid in taxonomy of the genus Pimpinella L., we have undertaken a study of fruits from 26 Turkish taxa of Pimpinella using light and scanning electron microscopy—SEM—. A great deal of inter and intraspecific variation for both fruit shape and surface was observed. Fruit shapes of Turkish taxa of Pimpinella range from oblong-cylindrical to subglobose and indumentum when present can be strigose, hispid and may include hamate trichomes. Variation in fruit surface is also considerable and allows recognizing nine different ornamentation patterns. However, variation in shape, surface ornamentation and indumentum is not tightly associated since species with similar fruit shapes do not necessarily have similar surface ornamentation. To jointly analyse fruit morphology together with the most commonly used morphological characters of the whole plant and to compare morphological evidence with available phylogenetic hypotheses, a cluster analysis was also performed: the Turkish species of Pimpinella were clustered into two distinct groups, the second one subdivided in another two subgroups.
Identification of Chicken GITR and GITR Ligand, Proof of Their Mutual Interaction, and Analysis of Chicken GITR Tissue Distribution by a Novel Antibody That Reveals Expression on Activated T Cells and Erythrocytes
Authors: Scherer Stephanie , Huhle Daniela , Göbel Thomas W
Published: November 2018

Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR (GITR) and its ligand, GITRL, belong to the costimulatory members of the TNF superfamily and are crucially involved in the formation and modulation of an effective immune response, comprising innate as well as adaptive mechanisms. In this study, we identify and describe chicken GITR and GITRL, and provide an initial characterization of the newly developed chGITR-specific mAb 9C5. Structural analyses of the putative chicken molecules GITR and GITRL confirmed the conservation of classic topological features compared with their mammalian homologs and suggested the ability of mutual interaction, which was verified via flow cytometry. Whereas only minute populations of native lymphocytes isolated from spleen, bursa, and thymus expressed GITR, it was strongly upregulated upon activation on αβ and γδ T cells, comprising CD4+ as well as CD8+ subsets. In blood, a fraction of CD4+CD25+ T cells constitutively expressed GITR. In addition, virtually all chicken erythrocytes displayed high levels of GITR. Our results verify the existence of both GITR and its ligand, GITRL, in chickens; they provide the basis and novel tools to further characterize their impact within the immune response and reveal the so-far unrecognized expression of GITR on erythrocytes.
Is there a wall to peek over? Exploring approaches in the science and religion conversation
Authors: Bentley Wessel
Published: November 2018

Is there a metaphorical wall that separates science and religion? In the continued interaction between science and religion, the questions of ontology (what is there?) and epistemology (how do we know what is there?) plague efforts to come to an integrated model that successfully includes both partners. In this article, three possible scenarios are discussed: firstly, that science and religion occupy opposite sides of a dividing ‘wall’. Secondly, that science and religion stand on the same side of a ‘wall’ that separates the known from the unknown. Thirdly, the possibility that no ‘wall’ exists and that science and religion effectively come to interdependent conclusions based on their interaction within an open system. This article addresses the questions of transcendence and immanence against the background of the wall metaphor.
The validation of the visual screening tool for anxiety disorders and depression in hypertension and/or diabetes
Authors: Ogle Zimbini , Koen Liezl , Niehaus Dana J.H.
Published: November 2018

Background: Depression and anxiety disorders remain poorly detected at primary health care, particularly in patients with hypertension and/or diabetes. A visual screening tool for anxiety disorders and depression (VISTAD) has been developed, but not validated.Aim: To validate the VISTAD in primary health care participants diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes.Setting: Participants were recruited from five primary health care centres in the Eastern Cape, South Africa (urban, peri-urban and rural).Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study design to validate the VISTAD. The VISTAD was validated against the International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) using field testing. A demographic questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-economic variables.Results: Sixty-nine (87%) females and 10 (13%) males with a mean age of 49 (SD 8.6844) participated in the study. Fifty black people (63%), 16 mixed race people (20%) and 13 white people (16%) participated in the study. The majority of the participants (77%) did not complete high school. The area under curve score (AUC) for the VISTAD in screening for depression was 0.91, and for anxiety disorders, 0.87 post-traumatic stress disorder, 0.87 panic disorder, 0.85 social phobia, 0.88 agoraphobia, and 0.83 generalised anxiety disorder revealing acceptable psychometric properties.Conclusion: The use of the VISTAD as a screening tool at primary health care in people living with hypertension and/or diabetes is recommended. The VISTAD could, therefore, play a key role in the prevention and early treatment of individuals diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes across cultures and levels of education. The VISTAD needs to be validated in a large population representative of primary care patients diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes.