bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS MAKNA KOTOWAZA(PERIBAHASA) BAHASA JEPANG DALAM ANIME JUNJOU ROMANTICA 1 DAN 2
Authors: Saputra Aa , Aneros Noviyanti , Herniwati Herniwati
Published: August 2018

Peribahasa dalam bahasa Jepang disebut dengan kotowaza. Kotowaza dalam bahasa Jepang sendiri adalah kata-kata pendek yang diceritakan secara turun temurun sejak dahulu kala, yang berisi kebenaran, sindiran, satire, dan pelajaran moral. Dalam penelitian kali ini penulis menitik beratkan pada kotowaza yang ada dalam anime Junjou Romantica 1 dan 2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna konotatif atau makna denotatif yang terkandung dalam kotowaza yang ada dalam anime Junjou Romantica 1 dan 2serta mencari tahu termasuk kedalam klasifikasi peribahasa manakah kotowaza tersebut. Kemudian mencari tahu apakah kotowaza tersebut memiliki padanan makna dengan peribahasa Indonesia.Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat 24 kotowazayang ada dalam anime Junjou Romantica 1 dan 2. Semua kotowazamengandung makna denotatif dan hanya empat kotowazayang mengandung makna konotatif, yaitu 叩けよさらば開かれん (tatakeyosaraba hirakaren), 袖すりあうも他生の縁 (sode suriau mo tashou no en), 月に叢雲花に風 (tsuki ni murakumo hana ni kaze), dan 縁は異なもの (en wa inamono). Kemudian terdapat tiga kotowaza yang tidak memiliki padanan makna dengan peribahasa Indonesia, yaitu旅の恥は掻き捨て (tabi no haji wa kakisute), 一度あることは二度ある (ichido aru koto wa nido aru), dan二度あることは三度ある (nido aru koto wa sando aru). A proverb in Japanese language is called as kotowaza. Kotowaza in Japanese language itself is used as advice, satire, warning, moral lesson as well as life motivation. In this study, the researcher focuses on kotowaza in anime called Junjou Romantica 1 and 2. This study aims to find out if there are any connotative or denotative meaning contained in anime  Junjou Romantica 1 and 2as well as to find out its proverb classification. Finally, this study also tries to find out whether the proverb has an equivalent in Indonesian proverb or not. The result shows that there are 24 proverbs found in anime Junjou Romantica1and 2. All the proverbs have denotative meanings and only four proverbs have connotative meanings,such as叩けよさらば開かれん (tatakeyosaraba hirakaren), 袖すりあうも他生の縁 (sode suriau mo tashou no en), 月に叢雲花に風 (tsuki ni murakumo hana ni kaze), 縁は異なもの (en wa inamono). And there are only three proverbs that do not have any equivalents in Indonesian proverbs, such as 旅の恥は掻き捨て (tabi no haji wa kakisute), 一度あることは二度ある (ichido aru koto wa nido aru),and二度あることは三度ある (nido aru koto wa sando aru).
POLITENESS OF WOMEN’S LANGUAGE (JOSEIGO) BY SHIN TANOKURA IN DRAMA SERIES OF OSHIN
Authors: Kurniawan Eko
Published: August 2018

This study aims to assess information about variety of women’s language by Shin Tanokura, women’s language that represent the principles of politeness and politeness scale in drama series of Oshin. Research based on theory of Kindaichi (1988) for variety of women’s language and theory of Leech (2011) for the principles of politeness and politeness scale. This is kind of qualitative research. The method used in this research is the descriptive analysis. Source of data in this study is drama series of Oshin. While the data in this study are uttarances containing women’s language, women’s language that represent the principles of politeness and politeness scale. Data collection technique which used is observing method.The results showed, variety of women’s language by Shin Tanokura in drama series of Oshin is based on the theory of Kindaichi (1988): 1) Goi level, consists of using shuujoshi (wa, kashira, mono dan no), kantanshi (maa dan ara), ninshoudaimeishi (atakushi, atashi dan anata), koshou (~san, ~sama dan anata), keigo (teineigo, kenjougo dan sonkeigo) dan wago (tsuite iku); 2) Tougo level, consists of using iikirenai hyougen dan kurikaeshi hyougen; 3) Danwa level, consists of using youkyuu hyougen, aizuchi dan aisatsu, kimari monku. The classifications above represented in six maxims of the principles of politeness, tact maxim, generosity maxim, approbation maxim, modesty maxim, agreement maxim and sympathy maxim. According on theory of Leech (2011), there are three politeness scales, 1) Profit and loss scale, 2) Indirect scale and 3) Which like scale. Then, three scale  are linked to one another and implemented in women’s language by Shin Tanokura in drama series of Oshin, the result are profit on addressees-direct-high, profit on addressees-direct-medium, profit on addressees-direct-low, profit on addressees-indirect-medium, profit on addressees-indirect-low, profit on speaker, addressees-direct-low and profit on speaker, addressees-indirect-high.
Prototipe Sistem Peringatan Dini Kebakaran Hutan Berbasis Parameter Cuaca
Authors: Nugroho Hapsoro Agung , Margaretta S Chinthya
Published: August 2018

Sistem peringatan dini kebakaran hutan memiliki peranan penting untuk mengendalikan secara dini kerusakan hutan. Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika mempunyai tugas pokok, salah satunya yaitu memberikan peringatan dini kebakaran hutan menggunakan metode Fire Danger Rating System (FDRS) dimana data parameter cuaca sebagai masukan, masih terbatas pada lokasi tertentu. Penelitian ini merancang dan membangun prototipe yang menghasilkan skala Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) sebagai tingkat kemudahan terjadinya kebakaran di suatu lokasi. Perancangan prototipe ini menggunakan mikrokontroler ATMega328, sensor suhu dan kelembaban udara DHT22, penakar hujan jenis tipping bucket, sensor arah dan kecepatan angin JL_FS2, dan micro SD Card sebagai penyimpan data. Hasil kalibrasi sensor menunjukkan adanya selisih nilai sensor yang telah memenuhi nilai toleransi dari World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Pengujian setiap sensor menghasilkan nilai standar deviasi kurang dari 2.5 dengan rata- rata selisih pada sensor suhu +0.5oC, kelembaban relatif +6%, dan kecepatan angin +2 m/s. Setiap data yang diolah dapat ditampilkan dan disimpan secara otomatis oleh sistem. Sistem menampilkan secara realtime dan memberikan informasi peringatan dini kebakaran hutan. Kata Kunci   :  Kebakaran Hutan; FDRS; FFMC; Tipping BucketForest fire early warning system has an important role for the control of early damage to the forest. Indonesia Agency of Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics had a duty, one that is giving early warning forest fires using the method of Fire Danger Rating System (FDRS) where weather data as the input parameters, are still limited on site certain. The study design and build a prototype that generates scale Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) as the level of ease the onset of fire in any given location. This prototype design using the ATMega328 microcontroller, sensor temperature and humidity DHT22, tipping bucket type of rain gauge, direction and wind speed sensor JL_FS2, and micro SD Card as the data storage. The results showed a difference in sensor calibration value of sensor meets the tolerance values of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Test each sensor shows a value less than 2.5 standard deviation by the average difference in temperature sensors + 0.5 oC, + 6% relative humidity, and wind speed + 2 m/s. Data can be displayed and stored automatically by the system. The system displays in realtime and provide early warning information forest fires.           Keywords  :  Forest Fire; FDRS; FFMC; Tipping Bucket
Yerli Dizilerde Kadın Kimliğinin Temsili Üzerine Bir Örnek; “Yaprak Dökümü” Dizisi
Authors: AYTEKİN Pelin Erdal
Published: August 2018

Bu çalışma toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında kadın kimliğinin medyada yer alış biçimini
tartışmaya sunmaktadır. Toplumsal cinsiyet kavramı, günümüzün önemli araştırma
alanlarından biridir. Özellikle kadın kimliğinin toplumsal kodlar içerisindeki konumu
hem evrensel düzeyde hem de yerel unsurlar söz konusu olduğunda oldukça önem
teşkil eder. Bu noktada medyanın konumsal belirleyiciliği, izler kitleyi yönlendirme
becerisi çok uzun zamandır bilinmektedir. Özellikle televizyon mecrasını, bir
sosyolojik olgu olarak, toplumsal cinsiyet çalışmaları ile bir araya getirmektedir.
Tartışılan bu ifadeler doğrultusunda, çalışmanın ilk evresinde toplumsal cinsiyet
kavramının ne olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonrasında ise kadın kimliğinin
toplumsal düzlemde televizyon mecrası dahilinde ne gibi sorunsallarla birlikte
okunabileceği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Tüm bu bağlam takip eden bölümde,
Türkiye’de kadının konumun belirlenmesi ve ortaya konulması gibi bir noktaya
varmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemi, 2005-2010 yılları arasında beğeni ile izlenen ve
kadın temsilinin ortaya konması açısından oldukça elverişli bir yapım olan “Yaprak
Dökümü” dizisi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, öncelikle bir tür olarak Türk
yerli drama ürünü yapısal olarak ele alınmıştır. Farklı birçok ‘kadın’ın temsil edildiği
“Yaprak Dökümü” dizisi bu değerlendirmeyi genişletebilmek; kadın kimliğinin
sınıfsal ve toplumsal farklılıklarını ortaya koyabilmek adına incelenmiştir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Düzeylerinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: AKTAN Ercan
Published: August 2018

Sosyal medya kavramı, ortaya atıldığı günden beri akademisyenleri, kullanıcıları
ve iş dünyasını meşgul eden önemli bir konudur. Sosyal medya adı verilen, yeni
iletişim biçimlerini ortaya çıkaran, etkileşime dayalı, paylaşım temalı bu yeni ortam;
kullanıcıların gözdesi olmakla birlikte kendine ayrılan mesainin çok yoğun olması
sonucunu da beraberinde getirmektedir. Sosyal medyanın bu yoğun kullanımı,
problemli kullanım sorununa yol açmış, bu durum da sosyal medya bağımlılığı
kavramının ortaya çıkmasını desteklemiştir. Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin
sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu maksatla araştırma,
Aksaray Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrenciler üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, katılımcıların sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri “az bağımlı”
seviyesinde bulunmuştur. Ayrıca araştırmada katılımcıların öğrenim gördükleri
program, günlük sosyal medya kullanım süreleri, sosyal medyayı ne kadar zamandır
kullandıkları değişkenleri ile sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir
farklılık olduğu sonucu ortaya konulmuştur. Bununla birlikte sosyal medya bağımlılık
ölçeğinin alt faktörleri arasında pozitif yönde, anlamlı ilişki bir saptanmıştır.
İlginlik Kuramına Göre Düşük/Yüksek Ürün İlginliğinin Tüketiciler Tarafından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: COŞKUN Engin
Published: August 2018

“İlginlik” ya da diğer adıyla “İlgilenim” kavramı köken olarak sosyal psikolojiye
dayanmakla beraber ikna edici iletişim, pazarlama ve reklamcılık disiplinlerinin de
temelinde yer alan bir kavram olmuştur. 1960’lı yıllarda konu ile ilgili araştırmalar
yapılmaya başlanmış ve günümüzde de sürerek devam etmektedir. Bu araştırmada da
ilginlik kavramından bahsedilecek ve 1960’lı yıllardan günümüz tüketicisinde ürün
ilginliğini anlamında bir fark olup olmadığı kuram bağlamında değerlendirilecektir.
Bu değerlendirmede Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi çalışanlarına satın alma kararı
ölçeği ile belirlenen ürün gruplarına yönelik olarak ürün satın almalarıyla ilişkili
sorular sorulmuştur. Kaller Fay Grup ürün kategorisine göre yapılan araştırmada
ürün ilginliğinin hangi üründe yüksek hangi üründe düşük olduğu ürün kategorisi
bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonucunda; tüketicilerin en yüksek
ürün ilginliği Telekomünikasyon kategorisinde, Cep Telefonu (Smartphone), en
düşük ürün ilginliği ise, Alışveriş yeri kategorisinde, AVM tercihi olarak çıkmıştır.
Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Kampanyalarının Dijital Paydaşları; Sosyal Medya Fenomenleri
Authors: PELTEKOĞLU Filiz Balta , TOZLU Emel
Published: August 2018

2017 verilerine göre Nüfusun %60 ‘ının internet kullandığı Türkiye’de, soysal medya
kullananların oranı %52. 18-29 yaş aralığında ise bu oran %83’e yükselirken, en
aktif sosyal medya platformları olarak da YouTube % 57, Facebook %54, Instagram
% 49, Twitter %44 ön plana çıkmaktadır. Söz konusu veriler, genç nüfusla iletişim
kurabilmek için dijital ortamları öncelikli hale getirmektedir. En genel biçimde;
kısa sürede çok sayıda insana erişme olanağı bulunan ve edindikleri bilgileri
çevresindekilerle etkili biçimde paylaşan kişiler olarak tanımlanan kanaat önderleri,
dijital iletişim sürecinin de önemli aktörleri olabilirler. Dijital ortamların kamuoyu
önderi niteliğini kazanan sosyal medya fenomenlerinin paylaşım ve gönderilerinin
etkisi iki aşamalı akış kuramı bağlamında ele alınabileceği gibi, iletilerin yayılma
biçimi ise bir çeşit kulaktan kulağa iletişim mantığı ile açıklanabilir. Söz konusu
yaklaşımla sosyal medya fenomenlerinin çok farklı konularda, ya da belirli bir
konu üzerinde yoğunlaşan gönderilerinin, takipçilerinin tercihleri üzerinde etkili
olacakları söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda, kamuoyu önderi niteliği taşıyan sosyal medya
fenomenlerinin, sosyal sorumluluk kampanyalarının iletişiminde de etkili iletişim
kaynağı olabilecekleri öngörülmektedir. Çalışmada sosyal medya kullanım oranının
en yüksek olduğu yaş grubu üzerinde anket araştırması yapılmış ve takip edilen
sosyal medya fenomeninin kamuoyu önderi işlevi üstlenerek, hedef kitlenin sosyal
sorumluluk kampanyaları hakkında bilgi sahibi olması, kampanyalara katılması ve
kampanyaların duyurulmasına katkıda bulunması konularındaki rolü ele alınmıştır.
Abordagens Metodológicas de Pesquisa: Algumas Notas
Authors: Katia Guerchi Gonzales Katia Guerchi , Neves Tatiani Garcia , Santos Cintia Melo dos
Published: August 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar algumas discussões sobre as abordagens de pesquisa qualitativa, quantitativa e do método misto que podem conduzir uma pesquisa na área educacional. Evidencia-se brevemente um estudo teórico das metodologias de pesquisas intituladas: Engenharia Didática (ED), Percurso de Estudo e Pesquisa (PEP) e História Oral (HO), como possibilidades metodológicas para pesquisas na Educação Matemática. Salienta-se que cada pesquisa possui a sua singularidade, e busca responder a problemática levantada, proveniente dos estudos de cada pesquisador.Palavras-chave: Metodologias de Pesquisa. Engenharia Didática. História Oral. Percurso de Estudos e PesquisasAbstract: This article aims to present some discussions about qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches that may lead to research in the educational area.  A theoretical study will be briefly presented on  the research methodologies entitled: Didactic Engineering (ED), Study and Research (PEP) and Oral History (HO), as methodological possibilities for research in Mathematics Education. It was emphasized that each research has its singularity, and seeks to respond to the problematic raised, coming from the studies of each researcher.Keywords: Research Methodologies. Didactic Engineering. Oral History. Research and Study Route
Dois Sistemas de Ensino, Simultâneo e Mútuo: Vividos e Narrados por Dois Professores de Diferentes Gerações
Authors: Batista Erlinda Martins , Borges Viviany Gonçalves Lino , Sales Antonio
Published: August 2018

Este estudo abrange uma breve explanação sobre os modos de ensinar, Ensino Simultâneo, possuindo como idealizador João Amós Coménio, do século XVII e, o Ensino Mútuo, por Lancaster, do século XIX. Embora essas propostas tenham surgido nos séculos mencionados, nos séculos posteriores se constatam elementos que se assemelham ao ensino mútuo, em classes multisseriadas (século XX) e no século XXI uma estrutura de ensino semelhante à de Coménio. Objetivou-se desvelar os elementos constituintes da Organização do Trabalho Didático – OTD em uma classe multisseriada, no ano de 1961 e uma classe seriada no ano de 2017. Para tanto, utilizou-se como procedimento de coleta de dados o uso das narrativas de dois docentes, sendo que a professora que aborda o objeto, na atualidade, é filha do professor que atuou em 1961, tendo sido alfabetizada por ele. As análises dos dois modos de ensinar articulados ao contexto histórico e social, no qual emergiram, evidenciam que o processo educacional é tecido pela sociedade, serve aos interesses da mesma, mas a intencionalidade do professor pode influenciar o processo e beneficiar o educando, mesmo perante contextos não favoráveis. Conclui-se que alguns elementos constitutivos da Organização do Trabalho Didático perduraram por séculos depois de sua idealização.Palavras-chave: Ensino Mútuo. Ensino Simultâneo. Organização do Trabalho Didático.AbstractThis study includes a brief explanation about the ways of teaching, Simultaneous Teaching, having as idealizer João Amós Coménio, of the seventeenth century, and the Mutual Teaching, by Lancaster, of the nineteenth century. Although these proposals arose in the centuries mentioned, in the following centuries, elements that resemble the mutual teaching, in multi-seriate classes (twentieth century) and in the twenty-first century an education structure similar to Comenius. The objective was to unveil the constituent elements of the Didactic Work Organization - OTD in a multiseriate class, in the year 1961 and a serial class in the year 2017. For this purpose, it was used as a data collection procedure the use of the narratives of two teachers, and the teacher who approaches the object at the present time, is the teacher’s daughter r who acted in 1961, who was alphabetized by him. The analysis of the two teaching modes articulated to the historical and social context in which they emerged, evidenced that the educational process is woven by society, serves the interests of the same, but the teacher’s intentionality, can influence the learner’s process and benefit, even before unfavorable contexts. It is concluded that some elements of the Organization of Didactic Work, lasted for centuries after its idealization.Keywords: Mutual education. Simultaneous teaching. Organization of Didactic Work
Perfil Epidemiológico e Percepção sobre a Hanseníase em Menores de 15 anos no Município de Santarém-PA
Authors: Santos Sílvia Maria Farias dos , Sousa Maria Teresa de , Santos Luana Almeida dos , Jacob Lia Maristela da Silva , Figueira Maura Cristiane e Silva , De Melo Márcio Cristiano
Published: August 2018

A hanseníase é uma doença de evolução lenta e infectocontagiosa, causada pelo Mycobacterium Leprae que apresenta afinidade pela pele e nervos periféricos, causando lesões cutâneas assintomáticas e anestésicas, podendo formar máculas hipopigmentadas, placas e nódulos eritematosos. É considerada uma patologia da idade adulta, devido o longo período de incubação, a sua presença em crianças menores de 15 anos é um indicador da prevalência da doença na população geral. O estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil epidemiológico, a percepção dos menores e seus responsáveis sobre a doença. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa realizada no município de Santarém. Foram notificados 18 casos da doença na faixa etária supracitada, no período de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2015 no município, dos quais 10 pacientes compõem a amostra desse estudo. Identificou-se características semelhantes como: a baixa condição econômica, ser contato de um caso de hanseníase, residir com cinco ou mais pessoas, possuir o nível de escolaridade baixo e não ter conhecimento sobre a doença.Palavras-chave: Hanseníase. Fatores de Risco. Enfermagem em Saúde Pública.Abstract Leprosy is a slow developing disease and infectious caused by Mycobacterium leprae that has affinity for skin and peripheral nerves, causing asymptomatic and anesthetic skin lesions which may form hypopigmented macules, plaques and erythematous nodules. It is considered an adulthood pathology due to the long incubation period, its presence in children under 15 years is an indicator of the prevalence of the disease in the general population. The study aims to describe the epidemiological profile, the perception of minors and their guardians about the disease. It is a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative research carried out in the city of Santarém. 18 cases of the disease were reported in the age group aforementioned from January 2011 to December 2015 in the municipality, of which 10 patients comprised the sample of this study. Similar characteristics were identified: low economic status, contact with a leprosy case, residing with five or more people, low educational level and no knowledge of the disease.Keywords: Leprosy. Risk Factors. Public Health Nursing.
Effect of Polyacrylic Acid Conditioning on the Longevity of Bonding of Self - Adhesive Resin Cement to Dentin
Authors: Simões Tânia Christina , Rubim Maynara Gongora , Carvalho Rodrigo Varella de , Sá André Tomazini Gomes de , Torres Wagner Alberto Madallozo , Moura Sandra Kiss
Published: August 2018

AbstractBonding of fiber posts using self-adhesive resin cement to radicular dentin is controversial. The aim was to evaluate the effect of conditioning of polyacrylic acid on the longevity of bonding of self adhesive resin cement to dentin. Thirty six single rooted pre molars were divided into 3 groups (n=12) ARC: ScotchBond Multi Purpose + RelyX™ARC; U: RelyX™U200; PU: 11.5% Polyacrylic acid + RelyX™U200. After conditioning of the dentin, the resin cement and the post were inserted and light-activated for 60s (1200mw/cm2) and stored in distilled water (24h/37ºC). Two discs of 1 mm thickness were obtained from each root-third and tested in push-out (0.5mm/min) after 24 hours and 6 months. For statistical purposes, the data from the root thirds were grouped and the bond strength (in MPa) was analyzed using Two-Way Analysis of Variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test at 5%. The power of the test was calculated. The bonding of the U at 6 months was higher than PU at both times (p<0.001). There were no differences for time (p=0.153) or for the interaction of treatment x time (p=0.090). Adhesive fractures between the cement and dentin were prevalent. The power test was 0.97. The bonding of the RelyX™U200 was influenced by the dentin pre-treatment with poliacrylic acid and the bonding of all groups remained stable for 6 months.Keywords: Dental Cements. Dentin. Shear Strength.ResumoA adesão de pino de fibra de vidro com cimento resinoso autoadesivo à dentina é controversa. Foi objetivo avaliar o efeito do condicionamento da dentina com ácido poliacrílico na longevidade da adesão de cimento resinoso autoadesivo. Trinta e seis raízes de pré-molares uni radiculados foram divididas em 3 grupos (n=12) ARC: ScotchBond Multi Purpose + RelyX™ARC; U: RelyX™U200; PU: Ácido poliacrílico 11,5% + RelyX™U200. Após condicionamento da dentina, o cimento resinoso e o pino de fibra de vidro foram inseridos, fotoativados por 60s (1200mw/cm2) e armazenados em água destilada (24h/37ºC). Dois discos de dentina de 1 mm de espessura foram obtidos de cada terço radicular e testados em push-out (0.5mm/min) após 24 houras e 6 meses. Para análise estatística, os dados dos terços radiculares foram agrupados e resistência adesiva (em MPa) analisada por Análise de Variância de dois fatores e teste de Tukey a 5%. O poder do teste foi calculado. A adesão de the U após 6 meses foi maior que a de PU nos dois períodos (p<0,001). Não houve diferença para o fator tempo (p=0,153) nem para a interação tratamento x tempo (p=0,090). Fraturas adesivas prevaleceram entre cimento e dentina. O poder do teste calculado foi de 0,97. A adesão do RelyX™U200 foi influenciada pelo pré-tratamento da dentina com ácido poliacrílico e a adesão de todos os grupos se manteve estável até 6 meses.Palavras-chave: Cimentos Dentários. Dentina. Resistência ao Cisalhamento.
Evaluation of Knowledge of the Oral Hygiene Protocol by the Nursing Team of the Intensive Care Unit of Two Hospitals In Londrina/PR
Authors: Scalco Jéssica De Mello , Rechi Marina , Poleti Marcelo Lupion , Fernandes Thais Maria Freire
Published: August 2018

AbstractOral hygiene in the Intensive Care Unit - ICU is considered a basic and indispensable procedure whose goal is to maintain the patients’ healthy oral conditions, reducing complications and contributing to their recovery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge on  the oral hygiene protocol by the ICU nursing team of two hospitals in Londrina/PR. The sample of this study was composed by the nursing and nursing technicians team of the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital A and Hospital B, regardless of gender or age, and considering who had worked at the ICU for at least three months. A self-administered, unidentified questionnaire was used to collect data. The analyzed variables were: profession, age, sex, working time and oral hygiene. More than 80% of the professionals were Nursing Technicians, with average age above 30, female and working in the ICU of the hospital for over 3.5 years. The results of this study demonstrate the lack of knowledge of the oral hygiene protocol by more than 30% of the Nursing staff in both hospitals. Based on the  methodology and the results analysis, it can be concluded that the oral hygiene protocol is unknown by more than a third of the ICU Nursing team of both  surveyed hospitals. Keywords: Intensive Care Units. Disease Prevention. Oral Hygiene.ResumoA higiene bucal em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva - UTI é considerada um procedimento básico e indispensável cujo objetivo é manter saudáveis as condições bucais dos pacientes, reduzindo agravos e contribuindo para sua recuperação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento do protocolo de higiene bucal pela equipe de enfermagem da UTI de dois hospitais em Londrina/PR. A amostra deste estudo foi composta pela equipe de Enfermagem (Enfermeiros e Técnicos em Enfermagem) da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital A e do Hospital B, independente do sexo e idade, e que trabalhavam na UTI, no mínimo, há três meses. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário autoaplicável, não identificado. As variáveis analisadas foram: profissão, idade, sexo, tempo de trabalho e higiene bucal. Mais de 80% dos profissionais eram Técnicos em Enfermagem, com idade média acima dos 30 anos de idade, do sexo feminino e atuando na UTI do hospital, em média, acima de 3,5 anos. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram a falta de conhecimento do protocolo de higiene bucal, por mais de 30% da equipe de Enfermagem, em ambos os hospitais. Com base na metodologia e análise dos resultados, pode-se concluir que o protocolo de higiene bucal é desconhecido por mais de um terço da equipe de Enfermagem da UTI de ambos os hospitais pesquisados.Palavras-chave: Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Prevenção de doenças. Higiene Bucal.
Relationship between Ownership Structure and the Modes of Dividend Payment: A Study on Dhaka Stock Exchange
Authors: Amin Mohammad Ruhul , Kafi Md. Abdullahel , Hossain Md. Mahabbat
Published: August 2018

This paper investigates whether percentage of ownership controlled by the directors of companies has any association with types of dividend declared by them. Based on the data for the years 2006 to 2009 from the Dhaka Stock Exchange, this paper found that most of the companies provided stock dividends rather than cash dividends. Using Yate’s Continuity Correction Chi-square Test, this study has found existence of a significant relationship between the percentage control of ownership and types of dividend declared. Furthermore, the study indicates that the companies having ≥50% share controlled by the directors are 3 times more likely to offer stock dividends than companies having <50% control of the shares by the directors. Whereas, the companies having ≥50% control of ownership by the directors are less likely to offer cash dividends compared with <50% control of the shares by the directors.
Credit Characteristics and Business Performance: A Survey of Women owned Microenterprises in Tanzania
Authors: Salia Paul J. , Mbwambo Jonathan S.
Published: August 2018

This article provides assessment of the effects of four credit characteristics including size, interest rate, repayment period and borrowing experience on business performance. The article makes use of survey data collected from 217 women microcredit clients from Arusha, Dar es Salaam and Mwanza regions in Tanzania.  Bivariate correlation analysis was used to find out specific effect of each of those four credit characteristics on three business performance measures namely total sales revenue, net profit and business net worth. The combined effect of all four credit characteristics on business performance was estimated by a multiple linear regression model. The findings revealed that size of credit was positively correlated with total sales revenue and business net worth at significant level. Interest rate was negatively correlated with all three measures of business performance at significant level. It was also found out that repayment period was positively correlated with all three business performance indicators at significant level. Furthermore, the study established that borrowing experience was positively correlated with total sales revenue at significant level but not with other two indicators. The model accounted for 25% of sales revenue, 9% of net profit and 28% of business net worth.
Outcome of pulmonary hypertension in patient on dialysis following kidney transplantation: an observational study
Authors: G. Vasanth , N. Siva , G. Rajendran , G. Venu
Published: August 2018

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who are on dialysis and PH is associated with higher mortality rates among these patients. The impact of kidney transplantation on pulmonary hypertension is unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of successful kidney transplantation on pulmonary arterial hypertension in these patients on dialysis.Methods: The study was conducted on patients who underwent kidney transplantation in Department of Nephrology PSGIMSR. Patients with pulmonary hypertension pre transplant were taken up for the study after the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and after obtaining consent. Demographic, clinical information and laboratory results were collected. The assessment of PH was done by Doppler echocardiography pre transplant and   3 and 6 months after transplant during follow up.Results: The prevalence of PH was 40%. The mean age of study population was 42 ± 8.7 years. The mean dialysis duration of study population was 32±8 months. 54.5% were male. 45.5% were female. Out of the 55 transplant recipients, 22 patients had elevated PASP on preoperative echocardiography examination.  Compared to pre-transplant values, a significant decrease was observed in mean SPAP values and the severity of pulmonary hypertension 3 and6 months postoperative follow up (p<0.003).Conclusions: The prevalence of pre-operative PH among dialysis patient was high. Kidney transplantation leads to considerable improvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients on dialysis.
A study on knowledge of breast feeding and complementary feeding practices among mothers in a rural area, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Venugopal Sivagamasundari , Arulparithi C. S.
Published: August 2018

Background: Breast feeding, an effective tool in bringing down the mortality and morbidity of infants and under 5 children has major barrier in successful establishment due to lack of proper knowledge among expectant mothers, family members and inappropriate cultural practices. Objective of this study was to determine the knowledge regarding breast feeding practices among mothers having children less than 3 years of age attending Paediatric OPD of Karpagavinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences, Kanchipuram for medical illness from rural area.Methods: This study is a hospital based cross sectional study was conducted for a period of 5 months from September 2017 to January 2018 with pretested structured questionnaire.Results: In this present study 81.7% of mothers were well known about exclusive breast feeding. 68.7% of the mothers knew that colostrum should be given as first feed. In this study only, the knowledge about the demand feed was present in 37.4% of mothers. Knowledge about complementary feed was present in 82.6% of mothers. 54.8% of mothers had known about Prelacteal feeds.Conclusion: This study shows that adequate knowledge regarding breast feeding and complementary feeding should be provided to the mother during their antenatal, postnatal period and during vaccination which greatly reduces infant and under 5 mortality and morbidity.
Immunomodulatory Effect of Momordica charantia L. Fruit Ethanol Extract on Phagocytic Activity and Capacity of Mice Peritoneal Macrophages
Authors: Parawansah Parawansah , Nurtamin Tomy , Mulyawati Sufiah Asri , Nuralifah Nuralifah , Misnaeni Wa Ode Arlina
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this research is to understand the secondary metabolites of Momordica charantia L. extract, as well as to disclose the potential of M. charantia extract in the phagocytic activity and capacity of peritoneummacrophages.METHODS: Examination of immunomodulatory effect was done by giving M. charantia ethanol extract on 5 treatment groups, given intra-peritoneally to mice daily. Echinacea extract as positive control and double distilled water as negative control were also given. On the 8th day, mice were infected with Staphylococcus epidermidis. After 30 minutes, peritoneum fluid was obtained to observe the activity and capacity of macrophage cells.RESULTS: The results showed significant phagocytic activity (p<0.05) at a concentration of 1,200 ppm compare to the other groups. Meanwhile the macrophage cell capacity was found statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The highest phagocytic activity was the group treated with 1,200 ppm (62%), significantly higher than other groups.CONCLUSION: The secondary metabolite content of M. charantia is alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The 1,200 ppm M. charantia ethanol extract is potential in inducing phagocytic activity and capacity. These results indicate that the M. charantia can be suggested as a natural immunomodulator.KEYWORDS: pare fruit, Momordica charantia L., phagocytosis, macrophage, immunomodulator
Antidiabetic Activities of Muntingia Calabura L. Leaves Water Extract in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Animal Models
Authors: Aligita Widhya , Susilawati Elis , Sukmawati Ika Kurnia , Holidayanti Lusi , Riswanti Jejen
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by increasing blood glucose levels caused by insufficiency of insulin hormone production and activities. There are significant increases in DM case every year in Indonesia, as a consequent, alternative and better drug is needed to be developed. One of the plants that were often used as traditional medicine for DM in Indonesia was Muntingia carabula L. (kersen) leaf. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antidiabetes activity of M. carabula leaves.METHODS: This study was conducted in vivo by evaluating the antidiabetic activity of M. carabula leaf water extract on two animal models, those are insulin deficiency and insulin resistant model animal. The insulin deficiency animal model was developed by aloxan administration at dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight (bw) intravenously. While the insulin resistance animal model was developed by lipid emulsion administration at dose of 0.42 mL/20 grams bw orally. Both groups were randomly devided into 6 groups, which are negative control group, positive control group, standard drug group (glybenclamide 0.65 mg/Kg bw or  metformin 135 mg/Kg bw), and extract groups at dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/Kg bw. Parameters which were evaluated are fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels for insulin deficiency models and values of constant of insulin tolerance (KITT) for insulin resistant models.RESULTS: In insulin deficient model group, administration of glibenclamide lower the FBG by 43%, furthermore, the extract of M. calabura at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/Kg bw also lower the FBG by 13%, 22% and 29%, subsequently. In insulin resistant models, metformin increased the value of KITT from less than 0.5 to 2.91, and administration of the extract at doses of 400, 200 and 100 mg/Kg bw also increased the KITT value to 2.31, 1.57, 1.13, respectively.CONCLUSION: The conclusion was M. carabula leaves water extract with dose of 400 mg/Kg bw had the antidiabetic activities with mechanisms to lower blood glucose level, regenerate pancreatic β cells, and increase insulin sensitivity.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, kersen leaves, Muntingia calabura L., insulin deficiency, insulin resistance
Advanced in Molecular Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis: From Lipids to Inflammation
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: August 2018

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of vascular disease worldwide. During the past several decades, landmark discoveries in the field of vascular biology have evolved our understanding of the biology of blood vessels and the pathobiology of local and systemic vascular disease states and have led to novel disease-modifying therapies for patients. This review is made to understand the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis for these future therapies.CONTENT: Advances in molecular biology and -omics technologies have facilitated in vitro and in vivo studies which revealed that blood vessels regulate their own redox milieu, metabolism, mechanical environment, and phenotype, in part, through complex interactions between cellular components of the blood vessel wall and circulating factors. Dysregulation of these carefully orchestrated homeostatic interactions has also been implicated as the mechanism by which risk factors for cardiopulmonary vascular disease lead to vascular dysfunction, structural remodeling and, ultimately, adverse clinical events.SUMMARY: Atherosclerosis is a heterogeneous disease, despite a common initiating event of apoB-lipoproteins. Despite of acute thrombotic complications, an adequate resolution response is mounted, where efferocytosis prevents plaque necrosis and a reparative scarring response (the fibrous cap) prevents plaque disruption. However, a small percentage of developing atherosclerotic lesions cannot maintain an adequate resolution response, which leading to the formation of clinically dangerous plaques that can trigger acute lumenal thrombosis and tissue ischemiaand infarction.KEYWORDS: atherosclerosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, efferocytosis, foam cells, thrombosis
Nicotinamide-Modified poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic Cryogels for Removal of Pesticides
Authors: Köse Kazım , Arslan Akveran Gönül , Erol Kadir , Köse Dursun Ali
Published: August 2018

Chlordane is only one of the persistent pesticides used
in some countries despite the ban. Removal of chlordane, a severe threat to all living things, was
performed using nicotinamide-modified poly (2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate), poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic, polymeric cryogels in this study. Pesticides are
practically insoluble in water. For that reason, ethanol is used as a solvent
which is not chemically dangerous and easily accessible in every laboratory. As
an adsorbent, poly (HEMA-GMA) polymeric cryogels
previously synthesized in the literature have been modified using nicotinamide.
The modification of poly(HEMA-GMA) with nicotinamide is the first in the literature. Removal of chlordane in alcohol
medium has been accomplished exploiting
the alcoho-phobic interaction, which was
the first indication in our previous study. Structural analysis of poly(HEMA-GMA)-Nic
was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and
elemental analysis methods. Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) was used to understand
the surface morphology of cryogels. Surface area and cavity volume calculations
were determined by applying N2
adsorption method and swelling test. The interaction time and maximum
adsorption capacity were identified as 5
minutes and 64.61 mg chlordane/g cryogel
for 300 mg/L chlordane concentration and 108.818 mg chlordane/g cryogel for 800 mg/L chlordane concentration during
the adsorption experiments. Cyclohexane, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane,
acetone, and acetonitrile were used as
solvent to observe the solvent effect on adsorption of chlordane onto the
polymeric material. As expected, the removal of chlordane was performed with the highest adsorption
performance in cyclohexane with the lowest dielectric constant.
Arbitrage Detection Using AHP and LMI Algorithms
Authors: Habibi Reza ,   Iran Banking Institute, Central Bank of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, the arbitrage opportunities in a foreign exchange market are detected using analytic hierarchy process and linear matrix inequality methods. For this purpose, first, criteria are proposed to detect the direct, triangular, quadrangular, and other types of arbitrage suspect existing in a foreign exchange market. Subsequently, the optimal arbitrage paths are given. Some simulated examples are given. A real data set is analyzed as well. Finally, a conclusion section is given.
Efficacité Technique des Petits Producteurs du Maïs au Bénin
Authors: Aminou Fawaz A. Adéchinan
Published: August 2018

This study examines how small maize farmers allocate their production inputs and identifies the elements that characterize efficient farms. A Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier approach is used to estimate farm level technical efficiency of maize farmers. Average technical efficiency of sampled farms was estimated to be 65.40% with a minimum of 20.47% and a maximum of 93.46%. The study further showed that the farmers’ sex, the use of improved seeds, the maize selling price, the non-farm income, the contact with an NGO, the access to credit and the production area played a positive and significant role in improving technical efficiency. The results imply that government can save resources used in extension services and focus on its improved seed distribution policy. Also, imperfections in the labor/capital market contribute to the low efficiency of farm households.
The Effect of Brain-Compatible Strategies on Problem Solving Performance of Grade 4 and 5 Lebanese Students
Authors: Shukry-Balaa Rola , El-Hassan Karma
Published: August 2018

This study investigated the effect of training in Prior Knowledge Activation, Concept Mapping, and Think Aloud, on students’ problem solving performance. The relative effectiveness of the training among high and low achievers was also examined. Participants were 45 students in Grades 4 and 5 in two private schools in Lebanon (25 students experimental group; 20 as control). The experimental group received 3 weeks training, in addition to the regular methods while the control received the regular methods only. Curriculum-based assessments (reading comprehension and math word problem solving) and Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices, were used to measure problem solving performance. ANCOVA results showed a significant difference in experimental and control groups’ posttest scores, in favor of the experimental group. ANOVA results showed that the mean differences between pre and post test scores of low and high achieving students in the experimental group differed significantly only on math word problem solving measure, in favor of the low achievers. Results are discussed and implications and future recommendations are presented.
Influence of Risk Assessment on Performance of SME Projects in Machakos County, Kenya
Authors: Mbuva Peninnah Mbithe , Rambo Charles, M. , Oketch Timothy
Published: August 2018

Small and medium enterprise projects play a major role in most economies in economic growth and development by creating employment opportunities to many people and as a source of technological innovation to create new products and eradication of poverty. Although their contribution in economic growth is indisputable, provocative argument on factors influencing their performance has remained unsolved to date. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which risk assessment influence performance of SME projects in Machakos County. The study applied pragmatism philosophical approach and descriptive survey research design. It tested the hypothesis at 95% confidence level which stated that risk assessment does not significantly influence performance of small and medium enterprise projects in Machakos County. The study used multiple regressions model against a sample size of 265 selected from a population of 5311 small and medium enterprise projects in Machakos County using stratified and convenience sampling approach as guided by the Yamane (1967) formula. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data whereby drop and pick approach was used. The study finding revealed that majority of the risk assessment components were positively supported by the respondents and their response mean was above 3.50, composite mean. Inferential statistics depicted that risk identification, prioritization and managing change significantly influenced financial performance with β=.102(p=0.016) and β=.092(p=0.012) respectively whereas organizational goals and objectives had insignificant influence with β=.031(p=0.366). Further, risk identification and prioritization significantly influenced non-financial performance with β=.104(p=0.017) whereas organizational goals and objectives and managing change had insignificant influence with β=.020(p=0.574) and β=.054(p=0.184) respectively. Management of SME projects should ensure the significant contribution by risk identification and prioritization towards performance in general is upheld with further endeavors to improve on the risk assessment components which have insignificant impact on performance. Further investigation is necessary to establish cause of risk assessment components influence disparities on both financial and non-financial performance perspectives.
La Dematerialisation : Determinant Primordial De L’efficacite De La Commande Publique
Authors: El Amry Abdelkader
Published: August 2018

In Morocco, public procurement represents 17.4% of GDP, equivalent to 195 billion dirhams in 2018 (Maghreb Arab Press, 2018), which makes it more exposed to unhealthy practices that can be engaged both by officials and operators across all stages of the procurement process. Above all, such practices create a climate devoid of transparency and generates weaknesses in public procurement systems. It is, therefore, essential for the Moroccan administration to integrate anti-corruption measures into the procurement process. Among these anti-corruption measures, there is the " e-procurement " which all specialists in the field of public control unanimously assume that it has become key in the promotion of competition, transparency, integrity, simplification of procedures, and modernization of public expenditure execution processes. Moreover, they admit that it contributes to a large extent to reduce corruption without destroying it. To inquire about the veracity of the contribution of the e-procurement to the efficiency of public order, a questionaire was administered to four co-ordinators and four companies of different working fields in the city of Meknes. The objective is to explore the relationship between e-procurement and the fundamental principles of public control. Eventually, the results of this study revealed that eprocurement is determinant to the effectiveness of public procurement.