bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Согласованный платеж при неисполнении обязательств в источниках lex mercatoria
Authors: Litarenko N.
Published: December 2024

Свобода сторон в выборе применимого права является очень интересной и практически важнойособенностью международных коммерческих сделок, на которую обращают внимание как ис-следователи в данной области, так и коммерсанты. Возможность выбора между правопорядка-ми зачастую таит в себе определенные выгоды для сторон сделки. В последнее время набираетпопулярность обращение сторон к источникам lex mercatoria как к договорному статуту для регу-лирования их правоотношений, минуя нормы национального права. В данной статье анализирует-ся возможность применения источников lex mercatoria в качестве договорного статута в целом иэффективность такого выбора норм права для регулирования отношений по взысканию неустоек(заранее оцененных сумм за неисполнение обязательств), в частности. Автор дает ответы на сле-дующие практически важные вопросы. Могут ли стороны ввиду неурегулированности определен-ных правоотношений на международном уровне, к примеру, неустойки, выбрать применимыми к до-говору источники lex mercatoria? Насколько это может быть эффективно в ситуации с неустойкой?Каковы перспективы принудительного исполнения решения, вынесенного на основе документовlex mercatoria? В статье автор обращает особое внимание на проблемный характер использованияисточников lex mercatoria по ряду причин, в частности, ввиду крайне скудного регулирования сфе-ры согласованных сумм за неисполнение обязательств в Принципах УНИДРУА и Модельных пра-вилах Европейского договорного права, а также отсутствия сложившейся правоприменительнойпрактики по толкованию важных при взыскании неустойки аспектов. К примеру, акты lex mercatoriaне определяют соотношения взыскания убытков с неустойкой, отсутствуют также положения оразмере «чрезмерной» неустойки, непонятно, до каких пределов ее можно снижать. Эти и другиевопросы образуют проблемное поле в регулировании согласованных сумм за неисполнение обяза-тельств источниками lex mercatoria. От успешного решения обозначенных в статье проблем зависитдальнейшая возможность использования источников lex mercatoria в регулировании неустойки.
Administration of Customs Payments in Russia within Framework of Electronic Declaration in the EAEU
Authors: Troshkina Tatiana
Published: December 2024

On January 1, 2018, the Customs Code of the EAEU entered into force. Important developments are related to the fact that electronic declaration has now become an area of focus. This paper investigates impact of the application of this declaration form upon the efficiency of customs payments administration. For this purpose, the author conducted an analysis of the application of information and communication technologies in the activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation. It was justified that currently required level of organization of customs payments administration is not accomplished including due to the underdevelopment of the system for obtaining information on foreign trade prices, the lack of a systematic approach to the analysis of information on participants in foreign economic activities. The arguments are presented to confirm the conclusion that elimination of these obstacles is possible only with the use of progressive, innovative tools for administration of customs payments. The research substantiates the position that electronic declaration is the required instrument. For this purpose, a study in current application of the electronic declaration and the basis for its legal regulation in the Russian Federation was provided. The inherent positive aspects and identified unsolved problems were formulated and commented. It is indicated that modernization of information technologies, including for electronic declaration, is not new, but continues to fulfill the requirements of the action plan (“road map”) for improving customs administration. This statement is illustrated by the project on the administration of funds on the resource of the Unified Personal Accounts of the FC of Russia. The conclusion is substantiated that its application can be considered an effective tool for improving the of customs payments by simplifying calculations and reducing time of their implementation, as well as in connection with decrease of human factor influence. The position is argued that the mechanisms of the “single window” and electronic declaration are interrelated and the efficiency of the system of customs administration as a whole and customs payments as its component depends on their development. It was established the expectations from the application of electronic declaration, including on the improvement ofthe administration of customs payments, can be justified only under active convergence ofnational approaches among EAEU states in the implementation of information technology;for this purpose, an analysis of its legal framework at various levels was conducted: thelegislation of the members of the EAEU, acts of supranational and international level ofregulation. The results of the study can be applied not only in the Russia, but also in all EAEUmembers, where there is also no contemporary scholar basis for solving the issue underconsideration.
Свойства принципа конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений
Authors: Mosin Sergey
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются свойства принципа конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений, а именно: аксиоматичность, презумптивность и фиктивность. Целью данного исследования является подтверждение гипотезы о том, что конституционные принципы являются полноценными правовыми установлениями, которые наделены всеми необходимыми свойствами для достижения конституционных целей. Изучение свойств принципа конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений осуществлялось с помощью системно-структурного, сравнительно-правового, формально-правового и других методов. Использование этих методов в их сочетании предопределило обращение не только к актуальным проблемам конституционного права, но и к вопросам теории права, а также других отраслей права, что позволило наиболее объективно и комплексно подойти к изучению свойств конституционных принципов. Исследование свойств принципа конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений основано на том, что, формулируя базовое правило и определяя направления развития правовой системы, конституционный принцип тем самым обладает свойством аксиоматичности. Вместе с тем конституционный принцип обладает свойством презумптивности вследствие обязанности правоприменителя исходить из предположения о соблюдении положений такого принципа всеми субъектами правоотношений, обеспечивая тем самым необходимую стабильность правовой системы государства. При этом для достижения полноценной стабильности правовой системы одновременно с предположением о соблюдении субъектами правоотношений положений конституционных принципов должна предусматриваться возможность контроля за таким соблюдением. Решением становится применение правовых презумпций. В связи с этим в рамках свойства презумптивности конституционных принципов конституционные презумпции неразрывно взаимосвязаны с корреспондирующими им конституционными принципами. В свою очередь, обладая свойством фиктивности, конституционный принцип позволяет гибко интерпретировать составляющие такой конституционный принцип положения и, как следствие, создавать необходимую нормативную правовую базу. Таким образом, принцип конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений, обладая вышеуказанными свойствами, в полном объеме определяет общеобязательные основные правила и направления развития правовой системы, обеспечивает ее стабильность и возможность своевременного развития.Для цитирования: Мосин С.А. Свойства принципа конституционности деятельности субъектов правоотношений // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2022. Т. 15. № 2. С. 105–127. DOI:10.17323/2072-8166.2022.2.105.127.
Классификация юридических лиц в современном корпоративном праве: организационноправовые формы и критерии их разграничения
Authors: Gutnikov Oleg
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается проблематика доктринального и нормативного деления юридических лиц на различные виды в российском гражданском праве. Ставится вопрос о необходимости и научной обоснованности нынешней классификации юридических лиц и критериев их разграничения. Анализируются предложения о системе юридических лиц в Концепции развития гражданского законодательства и их реализации в действующем корпоративном праве России. Исследуются различные классификации юридических лиц, в том числе деление юридических лиц на объединения лиц и объединения капиталов, публичные и непубличные общества, корпоративные и унитарные, коммерческие и некоммерческие организации и др. Делается вывод о несовершенстве и условности данных классификаций. Предлагается отказаться от жесткого нормативного деления организационно-правовых форм юридических лиц по виду прав участников (вещные или корпоративные права); по виду деятельности (коммерческие и некоммерческие организации); по наличию корпоративных прав участия (корпоративные и унитарные). Вместо этого следует использовать функциональный подход и применять те или иные режимы к разным юридическим лицам в зависимости от фактического наличия соответствующих признаков; при этом целесообразно сохранение деления организационно-правовых форм на коммерческие или некоммерческие по признаку наличия или отсутствия права организации распределять доходы в пользу участников. Рассматриваются возможные подходы к делению юридических лиц по организационно-правовым формам с позиций основных теорий юридического лица (теории фикции, теории реальности, договорной теории). Делается вывод, что независимо от используемых теорий такое деление должно быть обусловлено утилитарными соображениями исходя из практических потребностей и удобства для участников гражданского оборота. Дается авторское определение организационно-правовой формы юридического лица и набор основных гражданско-правовых параметров, по которым должны определяться ее конститутивные признаки, исходя из которых предлагается перечень отдельных организационно-правовых форм коммерческих и некоммерческих организаций. Обосновывается необходимость сохранения деления всех юридических лиц на организационно-правовые формы по принципу numerus clausus.Для цитирования: Гутников О.В. Классификация юридических лиц в современном корпоративном праве: организационно-правовые формы и критерии их разграничения // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2022. Т. 15. № 2. С. 128–163. DOI:10.17323/2072-8166.2022.2.128.163.
Значение фундаментальных свобод ЕС для налогового права ФРГ и ЕС
Authors: Shteber Mikhael'
Published: December 2024

Директивой ЕС о системе НДС в значительной степени была унифицирована система законодательств стран-членов ЕС в отношении налога с оборота, относящегося к подгруппе так называемых непрямых налогов. В то же время в отношении так называемых прямых налогов, к которым относятся налог на доходы физических лиц, налог на доходы юридических лиц, а также промысловый налог, европейским законодательством не было установлено четких критериев правового характера, на основании которых была бы возможна унификация данной подгруппы налогов. В отношении данной подгруппы прямых налогов возможна лишь частичная унификация, посредством которой могут быть унифицированы лишь отдельные налоговые положения стран-членов ЕС. Подобного рода частичная унификация оставляет за странами-членами ЕС право внесения необходимых законодательных изменений в отношении прямых налогов без учета фискальных интересов других стран-членов ЕС, равно как и ЕС в целом. Несмотря на это, наличие подобного рода частичной унификации не может быть расценено в качестве юридического обстоятельства, которым можно было бы оправдать существенное ограничение прав и свобод граждан стран-членов ЕС в результате введения рестриктивных норм налогового характера, ибо, согласно прецедентному праву Европейского Суда, для законодательств стран-членов ЕС в отношении прямых налогов ориентиром должны служить фундаментальные свободы ЕС, зафиксированные в Договоре о функционировании ЕС. Так, в частности, Европейским Судом были выявлены многочисленные факты нарушения нормами национальных налоговых законодательств фундаментальных свобод ЕС, которые впоследствии были устранены странами-членами ЕС посредством внесения соответствующих изменений в целях адаптации национальных законодательств стран-членов ЕС под требования европейского права. Посредством разбора знаковых решений Европейского Суда в данной статье анализируется влияние фундаментальных свобод ЕС и прецедентного права Европейского Суда на процесс непрямой унификации законодательств стран-членов ЕС в отношении прямых налогов.Для цитирования: Штебер М. Значение фундаментальных свобод ЕС для налогового права ФРГ и ЕС // Право. Журнал Высшей школы экономики. 2022. Т. 15. № 2. C. 216– 243. DOI:10.17323/2072-8166.2022.2.216.243
Intra-Abdominal Multi Cystic Lymphangiomas: A Case Series with Adult and Pediatric Literature Review
Authors: Avani Saxena , Pramath Kakodkar , Dan Dan Zhang , Alysa Poulin , Nooshin Shekari , Selliah C Kanthan , Rani Kanthan
Published: December 2024

Background: Multi-cystic Lymphangioma (MCL) is a rare intra-abdominal entity in adults. The diagnosis of a core biopsy specimen is challenging due to its rarity in general surgical pathology service. Invasive surgical management can be avoided with accurate core biopsy diagnosis.
Methods: We present six cases of adult intra-abdominal MCL and highlight their clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and histopathological parameters were collated for analysis.
Results: Six patients (out of 958,574 cases) were identified (prevalence: 0.6/100,000 cases). Previous abdominal surgery (67%, n = 4) and abdominal pain with palpable abdominal mass (67%, n = 4) at presentation were notable in this cohort. Abdominal CT showed cystic mass with septations, punctate calcification, and fatty halos raising the differential diagnosis of mesenteric cyst (n = 2), duplication cyst (n = 2), or disseminated metastases (n = 2). MCL was distributed across the jejunal mesentery (n = 3) and was managed with exploratory laparotomy and resection (n = 4). Characteristic histopathological features include multiple variably sized cystic spaces lined by attenuated flattened epithelium, cysts filled with proteinaceous fluid, and interspersed by stroma with several dense lymphoid aggregates. The lymphatic endothelium showed positivity for D2-40 and CD31. Post-operative follow-up at 50.4 ± 49.2 months did not show any clinical or radiological recurrence.
Conclusion: Adult intra-abdominal MCL are rare and radiologically indistinguishable from other intra-abdominal lesions. Diagnostic uncertainty on core biopsy evaluation in our series required invasive surgical exploration. The recognition of the histological triad of lymphoendothelial cysts, smooth-muscle or fibrous stroma, and associated lymphoid aggregates are diagnostic for MCL. Cystectomy alone is curative (144 months without recurrent).
Teenage Pregnancy in Nigeria from 1970 to 2023: Burden, Issues, and Prospects
Authors: Okara Amarachi T , Ogbonna Brian O , Okpalanma Nneoma N , Nnamani Monica N , Adenola Ugochi A , Umeh Ifeoma B , Anetoh Maureen U , Ezenekwe Lizette N , Nduka Jovita I , Eze Daniel U , Egere Eustace , Eze Amarachi S , Osuafor Nkeiruka G , Mba Obinna J , Nwaodu Mercy A , Chigozie Victor U
Published: December 2024

Background: Teenage pregnancy represents a multifaceted challenge that affects not only the health of adolescent girls but also the socio-economic development of communities and the nation as a whole.
Objective: We narratively reviewed how socio-cultural, economic, and health system factors have influenced teenage pregnancy rates in Nigeria over time and identified opportunities for improvement.
Methods: The study was a narrative review of published studies. A total number of 85 articles were obtained: 30 from PubMed, 37 from Google Scholar, and 18 from African Journals Online (AJOL). The articles were then screened for duplication and eligibility. Data was summarized with descriptive statistics. Data was summarized with descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage.
Results: The studies carried out nationally were 14 (46.7%) followed by that of the southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria 9 (30.0%). Cross-sectional studies were the most utilized study type 15 (50.0%). The majority of the studies were carried out between 2011 and 2020, 19 (63.33%).
Conclusion: While the incidence and prevalence have shown some regional improvements, particularly in urban areas, the burden remains high in rural regions where socio-cultural practices such as early marriage persist. The associated health risks, including maternal and infant mortality, and the socio-economic challenges of disrupted education and poverty, highlight the urgent need for comprehensive interventions.
RNA Isolation with TRIzol™ (Invitrogen) and on column DNase treatment using Qiagen RNeasy v2
Authors: Metzger David
Published: December 2024

This protocol is a compilation of the protocols for isolating total RNA from frozen tissue using TRIzol‱ (Invitrogen) and DNase treating total RNA using the Qiagen RNA clean up protocol. The text and workflow have been largely taken and adapted from the manufacturers standard protocols from Invitrogen and Qiagen. The resulting RNA is suitable for most downstream applications including RNA-seq and qRT-PCR. Original manufacturer protocols can be found at: TRIzol‱ (Invitrogen): https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/LSG/manuals/trizol_reagent.pdf Qiagen RNeasy: https://www.qiagen.com/us/products/discovery-and-translational-research/dna-rna-purification/rna-purification/total-rna/rneasy-kits
Isolation of human primary neutrophils v1
Authors: Pavliuchenko Nataliia , Paldusová Kateřina
Published: December 2024

This protocol was designed for the isolation of human primary neutrophils from full blood or buffy coats. Its thorough optimisation was focused on minimisation of the non-specific activation and population purity.
Protocol for extracting flow hydrograph shape metrics for use in time-series flood hydrology analysis v1
Authors: Mohammad Arash Amir , Fryirs Kirstie , J. Ralph Tim
Published: December 2024

The shape characteristics of flow hydrographs hold essential information for understanding, monitoring and assessing changes in flow and flood hydrology at reach and catchment scales. However, the analysis of individual hydrographs is time consuming, making the analysis of hundreds or thousands of them unachievable. A method or protocol is needed to ensure that the datasets being generated, and the metrics produced, have been consistently derived and validated. In this study protocol, we present workflows in Python for extracting flow hydrographs with any available temporal resolution from any Open Access or publicly available gauging station records. The workflow identifies morphologically-defined flow and flood types (i.e. in-channel fresh, high flow and overbank flood) and uses them to classify hydrographs. It then calculates several at-a-station and upstream-to-downstream hydrograph shape metrics including kurtosis, skewness, peak hydrograph stage, peak arrival time, rate-of-rise, peak-to-peak travel time, flood wave celerity, flood peak attenuation, and flood wave attenuation index. Some metrics require GIS-derived data, such as catchment area and upstream-to-downstream channel distance between gauges. The output dataset provides quantified hydrograph shape metrics which can be used to track changes in flow and flood hydrographs over time, or to characterise the flow and flood hydrology of catchments and regions. The workflows are flexible enough to allow for additional hydrograph shape indicators to be added or swapped out, or to use a different hydrograph classification method that suits local conditions. The protocol could be considered a change detection tool to identify where changes in hydrology are occurring and where to target more sophisticated modelling exercises to explain the changes detected. We demonstrate the workflow using 117 Open Access gauging station records that are available for coastal rivers of New South Wales (NSW), Australia.
Prediction of machine learning application in the development of novel sustainable self-compacting geopolymer concrete
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Dr.AIT, Bangalore, 560072, Karnataka, India, Arun B R , Srishaila J M ,   Department of Civil Engineering, SJMIT, Chitradurga, 577501, Karnataka, India, S Md Khalid ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, 583104, Karnataka, India, Algur Veerabhadrappa ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, RYMCE, Ballari,583104, Karnataka, India, K Kavyashree ,   Department of Civil Engineering, GPT, Mulbagal, 563131, Karnataka, India, Tanu HM ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Ballari Institute of Technology and Management, Ballari, 583104, Karnataka, India
Published: December 2024

This work conducted experimental research into the flow and mechanical characteristics of self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) made from ecologically beneficial byproducts of industry such as ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and metakaolin (MK). Through trial and error, the mix's proportion of self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) was determined. The mass fraction of GGBFS with metakaolin was varied by 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by mass for all molarities, including 8M, 10M, and 12M. The superplasticizer (S.P.) dose of 1.5% and the fluid-to-binder (F/B) ratio of 0.37 by mass were held constant for each mix percentage, with the extra water content being changed correspondingly. Workability properties were assessed in addition to mechanical properties, which comprised compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, shear strength, and impact strength. The application of machine learning algorithms to forecast the compressive strength of SCGC is the focus of this study. Specifically, Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boost, and Extreme Gradient Boost (XGB) are utilized. Different success measures, like Root mean squared error (RMSE), mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and R-squared (R2), are used to judge these methods. The Gradient Boost model outperforms the others, achieving an R2 score of 0.934 on training data and 0.929 on test data, showcasing its precision and accuracy. The success of the Gradient Boost model can be attributed to its incorporation of randomness and ensemble diversity, making it a powerful tool for predicting compressive strength in various scenarios
Um Estrangeiro no País do Futebol: Análise da Migração de Jogadores para o Brasil
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Rojo Autores/as Jeferson Roberto , Melleiro Malagutti João Paulo ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Henrique Borges Paulo ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Starepravo Fernando Augusto ,   Universidade Estadual de Maringá
Published: December 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo analisar a migração de atletas estrangeiros para competir no Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol Série A. Foi concebido um estudo descritivo, que utilizou uma pesquisa documental e compilou dados da Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF). Os resultados apontam para um aumento gradual no número de jogadores estrangeiros até a temporada de 2014, seguido de uma ligeira queda na temporada posterior e um aumento significativo na temporada de 2016. Observou-se também que o Grêmio foi o clube que mais recebeu estrangeiros, contando com eles em todas as temporadas, exceto a de 2005. A Argentina foi o país com maior número de atletas migrantes no futebol brasileiro. Concluiu-se que o padrão de migração dos estrangeiros no futebol brasileiro é predominantemente continental e que a vinda de muitos sul-americanos para o Brasil pode ser explicada pela busca de oportunidades que ofereçam melhor visibilidade para a carreira e que não estejam distantes de sua origem.
Mejoradores cognitivos transcraneales para atletas de alto rendimiento: perspectiva desde la bioética deportiva
Authors:   Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, Caro Romero Henry David
Published: December 2024

Este artículo realiza una valoración prospectiva del empleo de mejoradores cognitivos transcraneales en atletas de alto rendimiento, desde la bioética del deporte. Es un estudio cualitativo de revisión y análisis documental. Se aplicó una encuesta sobre su hipotética promoción como terapia, mejora cognitiva artificial o bienestar. La población encuestada fueron 171 estudiantes, entre 17 a 26 años, de quinto semestre o superior de una universidad colombiana. Entre los hallazgos, se menciona que el acrecentamiento cognitivo muestra avances en el campo médico y a nivel deportivo, pero aún de forma incipiente. Los entrevistados prefirieron su uso terapéutico y, en menor proporción, para la mejora cognitiva o el bienestar. Se concluye la necesidad de informar a esta comunidad sobre los beneficios y/o perjuicios para lograr un uso adecuado. Se desconocen los efectos de su manejo sin supervisión médica, pero inferimos que a mediano plazo podrían acarrear dificultades de salud pública.
Prevalencia de la actitud negativa hacia las vacunas contra COVID-19 y su asociación con la confianza institucional y la infodemia en población adulta del departamento del Magdalena
Authors:   Universidad del Magdalena, Caballero Carmen Cecilia , Herazo Edwin ,   Instituto de Comportamiento Humano
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de actitudes negativas hacia las vacunas contra la COVID-19 y explorar su asociación con la confianza institucional y la exposición a la infodemia entre la población adulta del departamento del Magdalena, Colombia.

Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal con una muestra de 1.600 participantes, entre estudiantes, profesores y personal administrativo de dos instituciones de educación superior del departamento del Magdalena. Se aplicó un muestreo probabilístico basado en los roles de los participantes. Entre mayo y agosto de 2022, los participantes completaron la escala de actitud ante las vacunas, la escala de confianza institucional durante el brote y un cuestionario de infodemia.

Resultados: Participaron 1441 personas, en edades entre los 18 y los 74 años. El 55,93 % eran del género femenino, el 66,97 % tenían estudios universitarios y el 68,49 % informó ingreso económico bajo. La prevalencia de la resistencia hacia las vacunas contra COVID-19 fue del 63,98 %. La actitud negativa hacia la vacunación se asoció a la escasa confianza en las instituciones durante el brote de la enfermedad (ORa = 1,80; IC 95 % =1,45-2,25) y a la infodemia, evidenciada en la desinformación de que vacunarse por covid-19 puede tener efectos secundarios (ORa = 1,50; IC 95 % = 1,12-2,09) y que implantarían un microchip (ora = 1,52 IC 95 % 1,20-1,94). Las variables “edad 18-25 años”, “ingreso salarial” y “la vacuna limita los derechos civiles” no se vincularon con la actitud negativa hacia las vacunas.

Conclusión: La actitud negativa hacia las vacunas contra COVID-19 fue del 63,98 %, lo que se vinculó a la baja confianza en las instituciones durante el brote y a la infodemia. Se sugiere realizar estudios longitudinales sobre la actitud hacia las vacunas en la pospandemia.
Forced Migrant Counter Cultural (Co)Productions
Authors: Mbasalaki Phoebe Kisubi , Kizito Kalemba
Published: December 2024

This article investigates the dynamics of knowledge co‐creation through the lens of documentary filmmaking with forced migrants in South Africa. Drawing on empirical research done in South Africa in 2022, both narration and the documentary film became potent modes of knowledge co‐production, illuminating how cultural productions contribute to shaping our understanding of forced migration and its associated challenges. Emphasising the prevalence of anti‐migrant rhetoric in South Africa and the prevalence of violence meted out against (forced) African migrant workers, this article identifies parallels with global discourses surrounding migrancy, where false nationalisms vilify migrants as scapegoats for societal issues. Central to the overarching claim of the article is the integration of border theory as an epistemological framework. We centralise the “bodily border” as the ultimate marker of differentiation where violence is enacted through the frameworks of “recognising strangers” and can be as severe as death. We unpack the makings and framework of the nationalist discourse in South Africa that targets (forced) African migrants—one rooted in citizenship without content, lacerated Pan‐Africanism through colonial borders, and bodily borders, among others. We then examine the documentary film as a cultural text, a structured narrative that blends factual storytelling with artistic representation, highlighting its role in co‐producing migrant knowledges. Therefore, the documentary film functions not only as a visual and narrative counterpoint to dominant anti‐immigration discourse but also as a co‐constructed medium for exploring and articulating the complex notions of home experienced by African (forced) migrants in South Africa. Consequently, the article argues that integrating border theory into the process of knowledge co‐creation not only deepens our understanding of forced migration but also acts as a catalyst for reshaping societal narratives, fostering a more cohesive and integrated vision of Africa.
RECEPTION OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO’S PERSONALITY AND WORKS ON THE BASIS OF PUBLICATIONS OF WEB PORTAL CULTURE.PL
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kozlov Kyrylo
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the role of Taras Shevchenko and his creative heritage for Poles and Ukrainians based on the material of publications about the writer in the Polish and Ukrainian sections of Culture.pl, an online portal founded by the Adam Mickiewicz Institute, which is updated daily with reviews and articles on literary, musical, cinematic and other topics related to the cultural life of Poles and their neighbours. There are several sections of the site that differ in the language of publication: in addition to Polish and Ukrainian, materials can also be read in English and Russian (although the Russian-language version has not been functioning since April 2022, as the Adam Mickiewicz Institute suspended its updates indefinitely due to Russian aggression against Ukraine).

The world of modern technology greatly simplifies the process of getting acquainted with new information: now it is no longer necessary to sign up for a library or look for a bookstore to read interesting publications, as they can almost always be found on the Internet (although for professional research, of course, you should turn to academic literature). The World Wide Web also facilitates cultural exchange, as it is now much easier to learn new things about a country by browsing a website.

For its part, the analysis allows us to identify Ukrainian-Polish ties, as well as to point out the similarities in the worldview of Taras Shevchenko and Polish artists, including anti-imperial views and the affirmation of freedom as one of the most important values. Polish futurists and avant-garde artists were directly interested in Taras Shevchenko’s work and poetics, but there is also a growing interest on the part of Polish biographers in the writer’s biography, in particular in the issues of his stay in Warsaw and his acquaintance with Polish artists. Polish art lovers pay attention to Taras Shevchenko’s paintings, namely his landscapes from exile and those depicting Ukraine. At the same time, researchers, based on the memoirs of Poles who knew the Prorok, write about his negative attitude towards the szlachta, which, of course, was primarily due to the Kobzar’s origin and the complex historical relations between the two nations.
Scales for skin scar assessment. Clinical significance: a systematic review
Authors: Savelev Dmitri S. , Gorodkov Sergey Y. , Goremykin Igor V.
Published: December 2024

A skin scar is a serious psychosocial problem for a person. Scars and cicatrices are synonymous terms. Interpretation of scar characteristics is necessary for monitoring purposes and, if necessary, for determining management tactics. Subjective characteristics of the scar (pain, itching, etc.) are very important for comprehensive understanding of its nature. Healing of skin wounds can lead to the formation of different types of scars: from minor lines to keloids. Physical and psychosocial aspects arising from a skin scar can worsen the patient's quality of life. Currently, an issue of the criteria, which are necessary to include them into a particular tool (scale) for comprehensive assessment of scars, remains controversial. The ideal scar rating scale should be easy for filling-in, and the measured parameters should be easily reproducible and interpretative. It is also important to define the scar impact at person’s psychosocial aspects (quality of life, self-esteem, social functioning). This literature review includes 19 full-text articles about 10 developed skin scar rating scales. The literature review was carried using data bases of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Elibrary. The authors also have made a critical evaluation of the developed scales by clinimetrics requirements and denote their benefits for clinical practice.
Aplicación de ingeniería de métodos para incrementar la productividad de la línea de cocido en una empresa de producción de conserva de pescado
Authors: Díaz Doria Aldair Gianpiero , Florián Llontop Diego Manuel , Calla Delgado Víctor Fernando
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo aplicar la ingeniería de métodos para incrementar la productividad de la línea de cocido aplicado a una empresa de conserva de pescado. Materiales y métodos. La metodología fue de tipo aplicado, enfoque cuantitativo y diseño pre experimental. Resultados. Se obtuvo las causas raíces que generan el problema como el método de trabajo no cuentan con estandarización, balanzas en mayor tiempo de mantenimiento correctivo y falta de inducción a los operarios, se halló que el porcentaje de inactividad de las actividades es del 36.85% y el tiempo estándar del envasado es 16.22 minutos por panera y la productividad de materia prima y mano de obra 56.46 cajas/tonelada de pescado y 4.49 cajas/hora hombre, para ello, se logró implementar la mejora de métodos y se halló que el 18.18% de las actividades fueron no productivas, aumentando en un 18.67% las actividades productivas, y el tiempo estándar final fue de 10.51 minutos, logrando de esa manera disminuir un 35.20% en los tiempos innecesarios. Conclusiones. Se tuvo que la productividad incrementó un total de 3.96 cajas de conservas/hora hombre y 18.26 cajas de conservas/tonelada de pescado.
Aplicación de la gestión de almacenes para reducir costos de almacenamiento en una industria maderera
Authors: Ospino Palomino Renato Simeone , Chávez Milla Humberto Ángel
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación se realizó con la principal finalidad de implementar una mejora en la gestión de almacenes para reducir costos de almacenamiento en una industria maderera. Materiales y métodos: La metodología planteada fue de tipo aplicada con un diseño pre experimental; la muestra estuvo conformada por los costos de almacén de los cinco últimos meses del año 2022 (para el pre - test) y por los cinco primeros meses del año 2023 (Para el post – test) de la empresa. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de datos fueron la lista de cotejo y la guía de análisis de datos. Resultados: Se encontró que en los costos de manipulación se evidenció una reducción del 4,21%, es decir de S/ 8 800,00 a S/ 8 429,80; en los costos por posesión disminuyó un 39,34%, de S/ 15 723,80 a S/ 9 537,40; en los costos de administración, se redujo hasta en 5,34%, de costos de S/ 6.083,20 a S/ 5.758,60. Finalmente, se identificó una reducción significativa en los costos de almacenamiento total hasta de 22,48%, ya que se redujo de S/ 30 607,00 a S/ 23 725,80. Conclusión: La gestión de almacenes logra reducir los costos de almacenamiento; esto contrastado con la prueba de hipótesis de T Student para muestras emparejadas, con un valor p = 0,00292988 siendo menor a 0.05.
Principles of Outpatient Care of Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Chesnikova A. I.
Published: December 2024

These guidelines combine the key provisions for the management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) at the outpatient stage based on current data from clinical studies, new 2024 clinical guidelines of the Russian Society of Cardiology for the management of CHF patients, and the provisions of the current order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on the procedure for conducting dispensary observation. CHF is a progressive disease characterized by a high risk of death, rehospitalizations, and disability. Reducing the risk of CHF decompensation and improving the prognosis is possible only with regular monitoring of the patient's condition and timely correction of therapy. The priority task of the outpatient unit is to expand the coverage of dispensary follow-up of CHF patients, preventive counseling, and telemedicine monitoring for timely identification of the patients at a high risk of CHF progression, improving their quality of life, and prolonging their life duration.
APPLYING PROJECT-BASED LEARNING TO EDUCATE PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Authors: Diep Ngoc Nguyen , Thi Kim Hoan Ngo
Published: December 2024

Environmental protection has become a global concern, making environmental protection education vital at the primary school level. This education aims to comprehensively develop students' competencies and qualities as outlined in the 2018 General Education Curriculum. Project-based learning is a teaching method where students engage in complex tasks that seamlessly integrate theory and practice. Through high self-reliance, students autonomously complete tasks, acquiring essential knowledge and skills by solving problems linked to real-life contexts. Upon completing projects, students produce outcomes that align with learning objectives or propose practical solutions to real-world issues. This study employs document-based research methods closely linked to practical teaching. The paper proposes a process for applying project-based learning to environmental protection education for primary school students, based on relevant content, to meet the requirements of the 2018 General Education Curriculum. This approach is designed to help students complete tasks systematically and logically.
FACEBOOK ADDICTION AND RESILIENCE AMONG STUDENTS AT HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF CULTURE
Authors: Quang Dung Ngo , Thi Truc Quynh Ho
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the rate of Facebook addiction, resilience level, and the relationship between the two factors in a sample of students at the University of Culture, Ho Chi Minh City. Through a cross-sectional study design and convenience sampling method, we collected data from 357 students. The Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were used to assess the current status of the research problem. The SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analyses, including Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, and an independent samples t-test. Research results showed that 59.4% of students are at risk of Facebook addiction; students' resilience is low (M = 17.43 and SD = 7.53), and Facebook addiction does not have a significant correlation with students' resilience (r = -0.065, p > 0.05). The above results suggest that specific measures are needed to reduce the rate of students at risk of Facebook addiction and enhance resilience for students at the University of Culture, Ho Chi Minh City.
Estimating the Economic Burden of Family Caregivers of COVID-19 Survivors in Punjab-Pakistan
Authors: Abbas Shumaila , Nasir Jamal Abdul
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare systems and families worldwide, with family caregivers bearing a substantial burden. In Punjab, Pakistan, family caregivers of COVID-19 survivors face significant financial strain due to prolonged care requirements, medical expenses, and loss of income. This study aims to quantify the economic burden on these caregivers and identify socioeconomic factors contributing to financial strain for targeted support. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study surveyed 5,770 caregivers selected through convenience sampling using a self-constructed 27-item questionnaire with dichotomous responses. Data analysis included structural equation modeling, odds ratio calculations, and tree diagrams to evaluate the economic burden and identify contributing factors. The study found that 59.1% of the family caregivers were female, with a mean age of 45 years. A six-factor economic burden model was developed to quantify the financial strain on caregivers during the pandemic. Results indicated a higher burden on female caregivers over 45, married, unemployed, earning up to sixty thousand PKR, with a maximum secondary education, living in rural areas, in joint families, or away from families. Those performing household, medical, and personal tasks faced higher financial challenges, especially when caring for survivors hospitalized, in ICU, with long disease durations, permanent disabilities, or severe infections. The study highlights the substantial economic impact on family caregivers of COVID-19 survivors in Punjab, Pakistan, underscoring the urgency for governmental and community support to alleviate their financial strain.
Academic Challenges Encountered by The Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTED) Students: Basis for Policy Formulation
Authors: Balingbing Arly B. , Amaranto Bryan B.
Published: December 2024

This study ascertained the academic challenges that Bachelor of Technical Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTEd) students experienced before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. It sought to serve as a basis for policy formulation to help students hurdle these challenges. This study employed a descriptive survey method, and data were collected from 485 first- to third-year BTVTEd students through a questionnaire and unstructured interviews. This study highlighted significant variations of academic challenges pre- and post-pandemic, influenced by the socio-economic profiles of the students. Additionally, more access to technology, adequate internet connectivity, and reduced instructor interaction helped effective teaching-learning. Thus, academic institutions must implement curriculum modifications and create support systems to help students. Finally, it is recommended that financial support be included for needy students, necessary gadgets should be lent, and faculty training in blended learning modalities should be provided. Thus, this study contributes to the ongoing efforts to support educational resilience in the face of global disruptions and emphasizes the importance of responsive academic policies to ensure student success in the new normal.
Los complicados caminos del ascenso de China. De la muerte de Lin Biao a la tragedia de Tiananmén
Authors: Alcalde Cardoza Javier
Published: December 2024

El artículo es un análisis del ascenso de China que intenta ilustrar la difícil predictibilidad de los hechos internacionales. La naturaleza y las consecuencias mundiales de la transformación de China desde fines de los años setenta era poco previsible. El inicio y el desarrollo de este proceso, en realidad, fueron favorecidos por los resultados de crisis internas cuyo desenlace era incierto, así como por las decisiones de otra potencia, EE.UU., guiada por sus propios intereses El artículo presenta lo poco visibles o poco esperados caminos por los que transitaron algunos hechos que llevaron a China, primero, a ganar acceso a un gran mercado de exportación que le sirvió para expandir su economía y luego, a sus autoridades, a prevenir, en la plaza de Tiananmén, que el avance de la misma pudiera repercutir en cambios en las estructuras políticas básicas del país.
Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS): avaliando sua estrutura interna no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Santos de Oliveira Lays Brunnyeli , Nunes da Fonseca Patrícia , Nascimento da Silva Paulo Gregório , Guimarães Amorim Luize Anny
Published: December 2024

Objetivou-se reunir evidências psicométricas da Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS). Foram realizados dois estudos com participantes de diferentes estados brasileiros. No primeiro (n  =  314), a maioria foi do sexo feminino (56,4%), sendo realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória, que sugeriu uma estrutura tetrafatorial, com adequada precisão. No segundo (n = 336), maioria do sexo feminino, submetidos à hemodiálise (46,4%). A análise fatorial confirmatória corroborou a estrutura tetrafatorial (comunicação familiar e resolução de problemas, manter uma perspectiva positiva, utilização de recursos sociais e econômicos e, espiritualidade familiar), por meio de uma versão reduzida da FRAS. Em suma, os resultados mostraram que a versão reduzida da FRAS pode ser uma alternativa para avaliar a resiliência familiar e seus correlatos.
Resiliencia, disposición al cambio, balance trabajo familia en trabajadores (España y Colombia)
Authors: García Rubiano Mónica , Toro Ronald , Díaz Fúnez Pedro Antonio
Published: December 2024

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto positivo de la disposición al cambio en sus tres dimensiones (individual, grupal, y organizacional), sobre la generación de recursos personales en los empleados y su percepción balance entre el trabajo y su vida. Los participantes fueron 320 empleados de diferentes empresas de Colombia y España. El muestreo fue por conveniencia. Los resultados muestran el efecto positivo de los tres niveles de aceptación del cambio, tanto con la generación de nuevos recursos personales como la resiliencia; como con la percepción de equilibrio trabajo-familia. De ello se infiere la importancia para las organizaciones de generar políticas orientadas a fomentar la aceptación del cambio en los equipos de trabajo y a nivel global.
he Potential of Digital ID Systems for Tax Administration: The Case of Ghana
Authors: Santoro Fabrizio , Scarpini Celeste , Okika Stephen
Published: December 2024

Digital identification systems (DIS) have great potential for strengthening tax administration. This paper examines the practical implications of integrating DIS with tax administration in Ghana. Studying system integration and data sharing between the Ghana Revenue Authority and the National Identification Agency, we evaluate the impact of replacing taxpayer identification numbers (TINs) with personal identification numbers (PINs) linked to a Ghana Card. By analysing administrative data and surveying 1,000 businesses in Accra, the study investigates registration patterns, tax perceptions and outcomes, and assesses improvements in data quality post-integration.

The findings reveal a significant increase in the number registered for tax following system integration, particularly female and younger taxpayers. The impact on revenue is uncertain, and there is mixed compliance observed for PIN-based registrations. Those registered for tax for the first time after integration perform much worse than taxpayers who were migrated from TIN to PIN. Tax payment significantly improves for PIN-based registrations, mainly due to the technical design of the e-payment platform. While integration improves data on taxpayers' addresses, it worsens that on the economic sector. The study also shows that there is no significant improvement in taxpayers’ attitudes and perceptions, despite simplified registration processes.

The paper offers policy recommendations, emphasising the need for targeted strategies and investment in administrative capacity to maximise the potential of digital ID systems to shape taxpayer attitudes and enhance tax compliance.