bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Application of Game Rating System to International Game Distribution Platforms: Focusing on Steam
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Gim Min Seok
Published: October 2023

With the advent of the era when games can be downloaded or played in real time regardless of borders, the importance of international game distribution platforms in the game industry is increasing. However, in the case of Steam, the world's biggest international game distribution platform, it is problematic because it is not properly subject to the domestic game classification system.
There are many discussions on the need for improvement in the game classification system, but it is problematic that games that have not been classified are exposed to the public through large international game distribution platforms unless the function of youth protection, which is one of the main purposes of the classification system, is overlooked.
In the text, we first look at the history and institutional purpose of the game product classification system, and the rating system overseas, and based on this, we look at the disciplinary system under the current game industry law. Furthermore, it examines how overseas game products are handled in the Game Industry Act, whether the concept definition is appropriate, and how the rating for international game distribution platforms such as Steam should be classified.
In conclusion, it is necessary to clarify the concept of overseas game products under the Korean Game Industry Act so that it can be harmonized with the current game classification system. This is because there are already separate autonomous classifications and fines for overseas games, but the establishment of a clear concept category will serve as the basis for systematic regulations and responses to flooding overseas games in the future.
In addition, it is necessary to go through close cooperation with major international game distribution platform operators in the future, and gradually proceed with basic discussions such as the introduction of a simple age authentication system and random exposure restrictions on adult games.
In particular, since the influx of adult games from international game distribution platforms is not only a problem in Korea, it is also possible to consider cooperating with overseas game rating agencies or organizations. Furthermore, it is necessary to come up with legislative policy measures to properly regulate overseas game products in the long-term direction of improving the game classification system, and in-depth discussions need to be conducted in academia in the future.
Adult Guardianship System and Functions of Article 947 of the Civil Code
Authors:   Wonkwang University Legal Research Institute has, Song Young-Min
Published: October 2023

This study examines the function of Article 947 of the Civil Code in the adult guardianship system, focusing on the relationship between one's welfare and one's intention.
Under civil law, the duty of respect for the will of a guardian is shown everywhere, but it is not clear what the meaning of respecting the will of the guardian in handling guardianship affairs is. Under Article 681 of the Civil Act, the guardian's duty of care becomes the standard for the duty of care to judge the objective welfare of the adult guardian. On the other hand, Article 947 of the Civil Act becomes the standard for active obligations to protect subjective welfare through modern interpretation and evaluation of the adult guardianship system. In addition, if the guardian did his best to protect the subjective will of the adult guardian, even if an objective and general damage occurred to the guardian, he or she should be exempted from liability for damages if his or her subjective intention was confirmed. Therefore, for example, a guardian may be able to invest at risk of principal loss in terms of his or her own true welfare in the management of the guardian's property, and if he or she proves that it is his or her subjective welfare, he or she is exempted from the resulting loss.
On the other hand, the degree of the traditional duty of care of adult guardians for property management was the duty of care of the consignee under Article 681 of the Civil Act on delegation. However, the purpose of Article 947 of the newly introduced Civil Act, along with the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Disabled and the introduction of the adult guardianship system following the revision of the Civil Act, raised the need to actively protect the adult guardians and confirm the intention of the adult guardians. Article 681 of the Civil Act was a concept that included a more active duty in good faith in addition to the duty of care, which is the standard for the duty of care in the process of enacting the Civil Act. However, with the introduction of the adult guardianship system following the revision of the Civil Act in 2011, Article 947 of the Civil Act can be seen as an opportunity to separate the duty in good faith from Article 681 of the Civil Act.
In addition, guardians should usually respect their objective welfare in relation to their will and welfare, but in relation to their subjective welfare, they should prioritize their intention in terms of guaranteeing their true right to self-determination. In addition, it should be considered that the guardian is obligated to report to the principal on the handling of guardianship affairs for the subjective welfare of the principal. Therefore, Article 683 of the Civil Act shall apply mutatis mutandis to the handling of guardianship affairs. It is a legislative deficiency.
EJA INTEGRADA À EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: AVANÇOS NO PNE - RETROCESSOS NA BNCC
Authors: Oliveira Garcia Sandra Regina  de , Mariano Jorge Céuli , De Silveira Patrícia
Published: October 2023

A meta 10 do Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2014-2024 propõe a ampliação da oferta da EJA integrada à Educação Profissional nas etapas dos Ensinos Fundamental e Médio. A difícil tarefa para concretizar a meta é agravada pelas Novas Diretrizes Curriculares da EJA, alinhadas à BNCC, com mudanças curriculares que empobrecem e descaracterizam o currículo. Esta pesquisa considera o movimento histórico e as dimensões concretas das políticas que envolvem o objeto de estudo, com suporte em autores contemporâneos.
Palavras-chave: Educação de Jovens e Adultos; Integração; Educação Profissional.
COLUNAS DE FOGO, CORTINAS DE FUMAÇA e NARRATIVAS INFLAMAVEIS: MULTIPLICAÇÃO DE INCENDIOS FLORESTAIS E AS NOVAS DINÂMICAS SOCIAIS DA EXPANSÃO DA FRONTEIRA AGROPECUARIA AMAZÔNICA
Authors: Cardoso Menezes Thereza Cristina
Published: October 2023

O artigo propõe refletir sobre as ações para a promoção de queimadas na região amazônica ocorridas a partir de 2019 e seus efeitos sociais. Busca-se identificar como discursos públicos sinalizaram uma inflexão no imperativo da proteção socioambiental amazônico e legitimaram práticas de devastação ambiental. Examina-se ainda os distintos impactos desta nova dinâmica sobre terras destinadas e não destinadas, buscando apontar que tal processo impacta fortemente pequenos agricultores e comunidades tradicionais. Finalmente, analisa-se como tal configuração está ancorada em um conjunto de transformações recentes no marco legal da regularização fundiária que vem incentivando ocupações ilegais de terras na expectativa futura formalização do estoque de terras públicas da Amazônia.Palavras-chaves: Amazônia, queimadas, mercado de terras, conflitos territoriais, assentamentos rurais.
TRABALHO-EDUCAÇÃO, ECONOMIA E CULTURA EM POVOS E COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS: A (RE)AFIRMAÇÃO DE MODOS DE VIDA COMO FORMAS DE RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: Do Amaral Souza William Kennedy
Published: October 2023

Povos e comunidades tradicionais caracterizam-se por sua organização sendo a luta em defesa pelo território uma condição básica para garantir suas vidas. Em coexistência ao modo de produção capitalista, os povos e comunidades tradicionais têm o território como um ambiente simbólico, político e econômico entendido como o lugar para além de suas fronteiras geopolíticas. Para eles, o significado do território norteia a vida das pessoas e constroem valores em suas experiências.
A REVOLTA DO CACHIMBO E A LUTA PELA TERRA NO QUILOMBO DA CAVEIRA
Authors: Nazario Gessiane
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo aborda os conflitos fundiários e a luta pela terra na comunidade quilombola da Caveira, situada no município de São Pedro da Aldeia, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Enfatiza o evento por mim designado como “revolta do cachimbo”, pois ele marca a ruptura do pacto moral entre fazendeiros e moradores (descendentes de escravizados) da Fazenda Campos Novos, que estabeleceu novos padrões de subordinação da força de trabalho e ocupação da terra. Esse evento ocorre no contexto de loteamento da Fazenda Campos Novos e inaugura os esforços constantes (e violentos) dos fazendeiros de expulsão dos moradores que pagavam arrendamento para ter acesso à terra e casa. Apresenta também os desdobramentos históricos que culminaram na etnização do conflito fundiário, nos anos 1990, com a transformação das formas de expressão política fundamentadas na luta pela reforma agrária em luta pela reparação histórica dos danos coletivos causados pela escravidão.Palabras-chave: Revolta do Cachimbo; conflitos fundiários; etnização; danos coletivos.
A EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR ENXUTA E FLEXÍVEL COMO NICHO PROMISSOR DO MERCADO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Souza José dos Santos
Published: October 2023

O artigo trata dos Cursos Superiores de Tecnologia (CSTs) no Brasil. Seu objetivo é explicar o que fez dos CSTs um dos mais promissores nichos do mercado educacional brasileiro. A partir de análise qualitativa de fontes primárias e secundárias, o artigo identifica os CSTs como uma educação superior enxuta e flexível, de caráter majoritariamente privado, cada vez mais ofertado na modalidade de Educação à Distância e aponta a relevância de seu papel na conformação ética e moral dos jovens trabalhadores a um contexto social marcado pela volatilidade, incerteza, complexidade e ambiguidade.
Palavras-chave: Política Pública de Formação Humana – Educação Superior – Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – Curso Superior de Tecnologia – Empresariamento da Educação.
Repercusión del proceso de estratificación socioeconómica sobre el bienestar social: Una aproximación para la ciudad de Bogotá
Authors: Alape Gamez Carlos
Published: October 2023

El objetivo de esta investigación es el de indagar respecto al proceso de estratificación socioeconómica como mecanismo de organización social y si este ha tenido alguna incidencia sobre el bienestar de los ciudadanos. Para ello, se describe el proceso de estratificación para evaluar los componentes de acceso a servicios públicos (agua y alcantarillado), junto a salud y vivienda, mediante la recolección de datos del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) y el portal SaluData para un periodo de tiempo comprendido desde 1996 hasta 2019. De acuerdo con las cifras, la estratificación ha sido útil como un instrumento de focalización de personas económica y socialmente menos favorecidas; sin embargo, es incierta la magnitud del alcance de los programas sociales que surgen a partir de esta, ya que se presentan sesgos de información, donde individuos que tienen una buena posición económica son beneficiados con subsidios, siendo este un detonante de la desigualdad social.
Pengaruh Media Audiovisual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Menulis Teks Berita Kelas XI SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi
Authors: Putri Pijariani Mutiara , Akhyaruddin Akhyaruddin , Setyonegoro Agus
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media audio visual dalam pembelajaran menulis teks berita siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pretest-Posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh murid kelas XI SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu siswa kelas F1 yang berjumlah 35 orang siswa. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan uji homogenitas, uji normalitas dan uji hipotesis. Dari hasil data dengan cara uji hipotesis maka menunjukkan nilai sig (2 tailed) = 0,00 < 0,05 sesuai dengan kriteria uji t tes jika sig (2 tailed) lebih kecil dari 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dapat diketahui, adanya pengaruh media audiovisual terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 10 Kota Jambi. Dengan hasil nilai rata- rata sebelum dan sesudah diberi perlakuan mengalami peningkatan dari 63,4 menjadi 76,3.
Kata Kunci: Audio visual, hasil belajar, menulis teks berita.
Literasi Digital dalam Upaya Mendukung Pembelajaran Online pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Samudra Andika , Putri Eka Azri Raihana , Selsia Bekhi
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Pandemi virus corona telah membuat semua sekolah diharapkan untuk mengarahkan pembelajaran jarak jauh atau internet. Untuk terus menyelesaikan pembelajaran, khususnya di bidang keterampilan, para pendidik memanfaatkan imajinasinya dengan memanfaatkan pendidikan terkomputerisasi dengan kompleksitas mekanis terkini yang dapat memperkuat pendidikan karakter siswa. Motivasi di balik penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang tingkat kemajuan pelaksanaan kecakapan lanjutan dengan tujuan akhir memperkuat kepribadian siswa dan membantu pembelajaran berbasis web. Dengan strategi yang mencerahkan secara subyektif untuk melaksanakan kemahiran komputerisasi, yang dievaluasi saat memperkuat pelatihan karakter siswa. Awalnya, kemahiran disebut “Pojok Baca” sebagai akibat dari keadaan selama pandemi. Pendidik memupuk daya cipta mereka dengan menyelesaikan kemahiran tingkat lanjut, yang mereka sebut “Kabar Baik”, yang digantung pada hari Senin, Rabu, dan Jumat. Dengan memuat rekaman dan gambar sebagai pamflet atau spanduk yang dibagikan di WhatsApp, Instagram, dan Google Home. Dalam kecakapan ini terdapat penguatan pendidikan karakter dalam kebebasan, tanggung jawab, amanah, dan selanjutnya kewajiban dalam berbagai hal yang dilakukan siswa, khususnya dalam menyelesaikan pendidikan komputerisasi.

Abstract

The corona virus pandemic has made all schools expected to direct remote or internet learning. To continue to complete learning, especially in the field of skills, educators use their imagination by utilizing computerized education with the latest mechanical complexity that can strengthen student character education. The motivation behind this study was to find out about the progress of the implementation of advanced skills with the ultimate aim of strengthening students' personalities and assisting web-based learning. With subjectively enlightening strategies for carrying out computerization skills, which are evaluated when strengthening student character training. Initially, the proficiency was called “Reading Corner” as a result of the circumstances during the pandemic. Educators nurture their creativity by completing advanced skills, which they call “Good News,” which are hung on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. By loading footage and images as flyers or banners shared on WhatsApp, Instagram and Google Home. In this skill there is a strengthening of character education in freedom, responsibility, trust, and then obligations in various things that students do, especially in completing computerized education.
The role of corporate governance mechanisms on equity overvaluation
Authors: Omar Ayishat , Owusu-Amoako Johnson
Published: October 2023

This study investigates how corporate governance mechanisms, particularly board characteristics, influence equity overvaluation. We use secondary data of 4,185 firm-year observations spanning 2009 to 2015 across 1,351 publicly listed U.S. firms to estimate a logistic regression model. We focus on governance metrics such as gender diversity, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) duality, independent board members, and board size in relation to overvaluation, primarily measured using the price-to-intrinsic-value ratio. We test Jensen’s (2005) proposition that the solution to overvaluation lies in the board of directors or the governance system of firms. In line with our hypothesis, our results present evidence to show that the governance system, specifically board gender diversity, has a significant and negative relationship with the overvaluation of equity. We do not find any significant association between other governance metrics and overvaluation. Equity overvaluation misinforms investors (Eisdorfer et al., 2019), prompting further examination of firm value factors. This study underscores the significance of governance mechanisms, particularly gender diversity, for equity value. Future research should expand governance metrics and explore diverse contexts to enhance the results’ robustness and applicability across industries and contexts.
Quantifying convergence and consistency
Authors: Matiasz Nicholas , Wood Justin , Silva Alcino
Published: October 2023

The reproducibility crisis highlights several unresolved issues in
science, including the need to develop measures that gauge both the
consistency and convergence of data sets. While existing meta-analytic
methods quantify the consistency of evidence, they do not quantify its
convergence: the extent to which different types of empirical methods
have provided evidence to support a hypothesis. To address this gap in
meta-analysis, we and colleagues developed a summary metric—the
cumulative evidence index (CEI)—which uses Bayesian statistics
to quantify the degree of both consistency and convergence of evidence
regarding causal hypotheses between two phenomena. Here we outline the
CEI’s underlying model, which quantifies the extent to which studies of
four types—positive intervention, negative intervention,
positive non-intervention, and negative
non-intervention—lend credence to any of three types of causal
relations: excitatory, inhibitory, or
no-connection. Along with p-values and other measures, the
CEI can provide a more holistic perspective on a set of evidence by
quantitatively expressing epistemic principles that scientists regularly
employ qualitatively. The CEI can thus address the reproducibility
crisis by formally demonstrating how convergent evidence across multiple
study types can yield progress toward scientific consensus, even when an
individual type of study fails to yield reproducible results.
From pattern to process: the evolution of using shed snake skin in bird nests
Authors: Rohwer Vanya , Houtz Jennifer , Vitousek Maren , Bailey Robyn , Miller Eliot
Published: October 2023

Ecological context is central for understanding the evolution of traits.
We explore a unique and poorly studied avian behavior: the use of shed
snake skins in nest construction and suggest that the evolution of this
behavior is context dependent upon, at least, nest morphology and
predator communities. Of the 78 species from 22 families reported to use
shed snake skin, all but one are passerines, and this behavior is
disproportionately observed in cavity-nesting species. Next, we tested
three hypotheses whereby snake skin could award fitness benefits (nest
predation, nest microbiotas, and nest ectoparasites) and found support
for the predation hypothesis. Snake skin reduced nest predation in
cavity, but not cup, nests. These unequal fitness benefits highlight
different ecological conditions between nest morphologies and likely
explains why, across species, cavity-nesting birds show this behavior
more frequently and use snake skin more consistently in nest
construction compared to cup-nesting birds.
Decoding the interplay between tidal notch geometry and sea-level variability during the Last Interglacial (Marine Isotopic Stage 5e) high stand
Authors: Georgiou Nikos , Stocchi Paolo , Casella Elisa , Rovere Alessio
Published: October 2023

Relic coastal landforms (fossil corals, cemented intertidal deposits, or
erosive features carved onto rock coasts) serve as sea-level index
points (SLIPs) widely used to reconstruct past sea-level changes.
Traditional SLIP-based sea-level reconstructions face challenges in
capturing continuous sea-level variability and dating erosional
outcrops, such as ubiquitous tidal notches, carved around tidal level on
carbonate cliffs. We propose a novel approach to such challenges by
using a numerical cliff erosion model embedded within a Monte-Carlo
simulation to investigate the most likely sea-level scenarios
responsible for shaping one of the best-preserved tidal notches of the
Last Interglacial age in Sardinia, Italy. Results align with Glacial
Isostatic Adjustment model predictions, indicating that synchronized or
out-of-sync ice-volume shifts in Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets can
reproduce the notch morphology, with sea level confidently peaking at
6m. This new approach yields continuous sea-level insights, bridging
gaps in traditional methods and illuminating past Interglacial sea-level
dynamics.
Emergency colectomy for massive rectal bleeding in a patient with well-controlled ulcerative colitis receiving Vedolizumab
Authors:   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ciortescu Irina , Nemteanu Roxana ,   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Gheorghe Liliana ,   “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: October 2023

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition, with a relapsing-remitting course. The case presented poses some valid questions regarding short-term and long-term management of patients with UC, and if the outcome (colectomy) could have been delayed or even prevented. Rectal bleeding is a cardinal symptom in patients with UC and it occurs among all patients during active disease. Massive rectal bleeding is an uncommon, but serious, complication of UC accounting for 0.1-1.4% of admissions. It is, nonetheless, noteworthy that instances of acute significant lower gastrointestinal bleeding accompanied by hemodynamic instability are infrequent. The rate of colectomy appears to be positively impacted by biological treatment. However, a refractory condition is still the primary reason for surgery, indicating a pressing need for new treatment approaches. Here we present the case of a young male patient who developed massive rectal bleeding and underwent emergent colectomy with ileostomy while having clinical and biological remission (normal calprotectin levels) at week 10 of Vedolizumab treatment.
A challenging case of bradykinin-mediated angioedema with airway obstruction: management and therapeutic strategies
Authors:   Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, Lisbon, Portugal, Nunes Lisete Rolo , Anselmo Mónica Palma ,   Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, Lisbon, Portugal, Brito Tiago Salvador ,   Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando da Fonseca, Lisbon, Portugal
Published: October 2023

Angioedema is a potentially life-threatening condition that can have an allergic origin, usually mediated by histamine or a non-allergic origin, mediated by bradykinin. The distinction between these origins may present a clinical challenge at first approach, especially in cases that appear as an emergency and the outcome is time dependent. The authors describe a rare case of bradykinin angioedema associated with airway obstruction and discuss the right approach and therapeutic options. A 46-year-old patient under ACE inhibitor, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blocker and beta blocker presented with difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath and angioedema, associated with inspiratory stridor, incapacity of talking, plantar pruritus and vomits minutes after ingestion of shrimp. The symptoms did not respond to epinephrine, anti-histamines or steroids. The airway quickly became an emergency and the authors discuss the importance of airway obstruction management and having a multidisciplinary well-defined plan of approach with backup plans. Exuberant angioedema persisted leading to the suspicion of drug induced angioedema. Treatment with tranexamic acid 1g 6/6h and icatibant 30 mg 6/6h (3 doses) was started with resolution. In these cases, the rapid institution of the right pharmacological line will relate significantly to a better outcome. It is particularly important because, as their underlying physiopathologic mechanism differ, bradykinin mediated angioedema does not respond to drugs that histamine mediated angioedema does, like corticosteroids and antihistaminic. In severe and life-threatening cases icatibant and tranexamic acid have proven to be an effective therapy.
A Primer on Systematic Review and Meta-analysis in Diabetes Research
Authors: Tobias Deirdre K. , Papatheodorou Stefania , Yamamoto Jennifer M. , Hu Frank B.
Published: October 2023

A systematic review is a rigorous process that involves identifying, selecting, and synthesizing available evidence pertaining to an a priori–defined research question. The resulting evidence base may be summarized qualitatively or through a quantitative analytic approach known as meta-analysis. Systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMAs) have risen in popularity across the scientific realm including diabetes research. Although well-conducted SRMAs are an indispensable tool in informing evidence-based medicine, the proliferation of SRMAs has led to many reviews of questionable quality and misleading conclusions. The objective of this article is to provide up-to-date knowledge and a comprehensive understanding of strengths and limitations of SRMAs. We first provide an overview of the SRMA process and offer ways to identify common pitfalls at key steps. We then describe best practices as well as evolving approaches to mitigate biases, improve transparency, and enhance rigor. We discuss several recent developments in SRMAs including individual-level meta-analyses, network meta-analyses, umbrella reviews, and prospective meta-analyses. Additionally, we outline several strategies that can be used to enhance quality of SRMAs and present key questions that authors, editors, and readers should consider in preparing or critically reviewing SRMAs.
Morfometría de cladodios de nopal cultivado en Santander - Colombia: Estudio exploratorio
Authors: Ramírez Castaño Adriana Patricia , León Francisco Javier , Alfaro Wisaquillo Yudy Mariana , Alvarez Quintero Rafael Mariano , Zapata Ocampo Paola Andrea
Published: October 2023

El nopal, es una planta carnosa con propiedades nutricionales y terapéuticas ampliamente investigada a nivel industrial. En Colombia, se cultiva en abundancia en el municipio de La Mesa de los Santos-Santander, gracias a las condiciones desérticas de la zona. El propósito principal de este estudio fue llevar a cabo una detallada caracterización morfométrica del cladodio de nopal, que es una rama del cactus, con apariencia de hoja y analizar las propiedades nutricionales y microbiológicas de la harina producida a partir de Opuntia Ficus-Indica (L.) Miller. Por lo cual, se procesaron un total de 108 cladodios, con longitud superior a los 30 cm, analizando las variables: peso, longitud y grosor. Adicionalmente, se determinaron valores bromatológicos como ceniza, humedad, fibra cruda, calcio, acidez y proteína. La presencia de microorganismos se determinó por medio de recuento de microorganismos aerobios; identificación de bacterias aerobias y anaerobias; análisis de levaduras y algunos hongos. Los resultados del análisis morfométrico revelaron una correlación significativa entre el peso; el ancho (con un coeficiente de correlación r = 0,80) y la longitud vertical de los cladodios del nopal (r = 0,72). En cuanto a la caracterización bromatológica de la harina de nopal, los valores obtenidos fueron: humedad 11.7%, ceniza 154 %, grasa 2,3 %, proteína 6,2 %, fibra cruda 8,2 %, carbohidratos totales 64,22 %, acidez 0,12 %. En cuanto al análisis microbiológico de la harina de nopal se reportan valores por debajo de los límites permitidos para presencia de microrganismos aerobios mesófilos, coliformes totales, Escherichia coli, mohos y levaduras. Este estudio permite tener información base sobre el cultivo de nopal producido en La Mesa de los Santos - Santander, develando su potencial alimentico sustentado en el análisis morfométrico, al estimar el peso de los cultivos sin causarles daño, y complementado con el análisis nutricional. Estos hallazgos son de gran relevancia a nivel local, por lo cual se espera que futuras investigaciones promuevan el uso y profundización del conocimiento de esta planta.
Kegiatan Meronce Melalui Model Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share Terhadap Keterampilan Sosial Anak Kelompok B
Authors: Gea Kiti Nada Puspita , Tegeh I Made , Handayani Dewa Ayu Puteri
Published: October 2023

Rendahnya keterampilan sosial yang dimiliki oleh anak usia dini disebabkan karena anak lebih banyak bermain gadget dibandingkan bermain dengan teman sebanya. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui perbedaan yang signifikan keterampilan sosial antara kelompok anak yang dibelajarkan dengan kegiatan meronce melalui model kooperatif tipe think pair share dengan kelompok anak yang dibelajarkan model pembelajaran konvensional kelompok B. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan menggunakan Non-Equivalent Post-Test Only Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak kelompok B yang berjumlah 86 orang. Penarikan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik random sampling, dengan jumlah sampel penelitian yakni 36 anak. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode observasi, dengan instrument penelitian berupa pedoman observasi. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian kemudian dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif melalui uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis. Uji hipotesis dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Hasil penelitian yaitu terdapat perbedaan signifikan keterampilan sosial kelompok anak yang dibelajarkan menggunakan kegiatan meronce melalui model kooperatif tipe think pair share dan kelompok anak yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran konvensional. Hal ini disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan meronce melalui model kooperatif tipe think pair share berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan sosial anak kelompok B.
IMPLEMENTASI PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN NILAI-NILAI AGAMA DAN MORAL ANAK USIA DINI Hilda Z
Authors: Hilda Zahra Lubis
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai Implementasi Permainan Tradisional dalam Mengembangkan Nilai-nilai Agama dan Moral Anak Usia Dini di kabupaten Deli Serdang. Penelitian kualitatif dengan model humanistik dan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi serta dilengkapi dengan analisa data dan keabsahan data. Maka, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan permainan tradisional congklak, bekelan, engklek, lompat tali dan engklek dimulai dengan perancangan program pembelajaran hingga pada pelaksanan dan evaluasi. Ditemukan perkembangan nilai-nilai agama dan moral anak usia dini yang signifikan pada TKIT harvysah rata-rata 77,8. Sedangkan pada TKIT Umi Erni rata-rata 79,73 artinya berkembang sesuai harapan. adapun faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya yaitu  guru, anak, media pembelajaran, sarana prasarana serta lingkungan dan budaya. Penelitian ini diharapkan berkontribusi bagi kegiatan bermain sambil belajar melalui pelestarian permainan tradisional bagi lembaga pendidikan dan khususnya anak usia dini.
Simple Percussion Ensemble on Early Childhood Social Development
Authors: Indra Yeni  , Yul Syofriend  , Sri Hartati  , Vivi Anggraini  , Desyandri  , Alrizka Dilfa Hairi
Published: October 2023

Early childhood is very fond of play activities. Based on observations in kindergarten group B, it was seen that 85% of children were not able to interact with friends and even teachers. This will have an impact on early childhood social development. The study aimed to analyze the use of percussion bottles filled with water on social development in children. This type of research is quantitative research. The research method uses a quantitative approach in the form of experimental quasi. The method used in collecting data is a test with early childhood research subjects. The instrument used in collecting data is the test question sheet. The technique used in analyzing data is inferential statistical analysis (t-test). The results of the study werethat children in the experimental class who used percussion bottles filled with water had a higher average score when compared to children in the control class who used applause. It was concluded that percussion bottles filled with water are effectively used to develop social development in early childhood. Simple percussion ensembles can help improve the pleasant learning atmosphere in students so as to improve social development in children.
Mega Monopoly Game for Disaster Mitigation Learning in the Context of Independent Learning for Children Aged 5-6 Years
Authors: Ainul Nur Khusna  , Imron Arifin  , Pramono
Published: October 2023

Disaster events cause various impacts on victims, especially children. Problems in the field show that many PAUD institutions still need a game related to disaster mitigation. It is essential to carry out disaster mitigation education in PAUD units to form attitudes in early childhood. This research aims to analyze how the development of the mega monopoly game can improve the ability to save themselves from 5 types of disasters in children aged 5-6 years. This research is classified as a development research developed using the ADDIE model. The subjects involved in this research were 2 experts and 48 children. Data was collected using observation, interviews, and questionnaires, with research instruments in the form of media validity sheets. The data obtained in the research was then analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques. The research analysis results show that the validation results of PAUD material and game experts obtained an average of 92.20% and 90%. The recapitulation results of small group trials were 96.87%, and large group trials were 98%. Based on these results, the mega monopoly game for learning disaster mitigation for children aged 5-6 years is considered very valid and suitable. This research implies that the developed mega monopoly game can be used by teachers in learning to improve the ability to save themselves when a disaster occurs in children aged 5-6 years.
Perspektif Guru Mengenai Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Berbantuan Power Point Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Negeri Pembina Kota Semarang
Authors: Auprilia Tasya , Pawestuti Ambari Sumanto Reni
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan perspektif guru mengenai penerapan dan penggunaan media berbasis pembelajaran interaktif dengan bantuan PowerPoint sebagai alternatif dalam proses pembelajaran anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK N Pembina Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan desain fenomenologis. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan 7 guru di TK tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran interaktif memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan minat dan kemudahan siswa dalam mempelajari materi pembelajaran. Guru-guru melihat bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif telah membantu mereka dalam menyampaikan tujuan pembelajaran dan menarik perhatian anak. Meskipun ada beberapa hambatan dalam penerapan media pembelajaran interaktif, guru-guru berpendapat bahwa media tersebut layak digunakan di TK N Pembina Semarang. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang perspektif guru terhadap penerapan media pembelajaran interaktif di TK dan memberikan dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam menggunakan media tersebut sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran yang efektif di TK.
Analisis Learning Loss Pada Anak Usia Dini di Gugus V Buleleng
Authors: Indah Cahayani Damanik  , Widiana I Wayan , Ujianti Putu Rahayu
Published: October 2023

Learning Loss atau kehilangan pengetahuan merupakan kondisi dimana anak kehilangan prestasi dan keterampilan dalam perkembangan akademis yang terjadi karena terhentinya pembelajaran dalam dunia pendidikan. Anak usia dini ialah kelompok anak yang berada dalam proses pertumbuhan dan berkembangan yang bersifat unik. Anak usia dini merupakan individu yang sedang mengalami proses tumbuh kembang yang sangat pesat, bahkan dapat dikatakan sebagai lompatan perkembangan. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskripsif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yang diambil dari informan kunci. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa yang memiliki risiko terjadinya learning loss adalah anak yang mengalami pergantian pembelajaran dari online ke offline. Hal tersebut dibenarkan karena pada awal pembelajaran semester ganjil  banyak anak usia dini yang mengalami penurunan pengetahuan.
Teaching Materials of Theme Aku Cinta Indonesia to Support the Quality of Learning
Authors: Putri Anindya , Darsinah
Published: October 2023

The Independent Curriculum changes learning orientation, so teachers must adapt. This research aims to develop teaching materials on the theme I Love Indonesia. This type of research is Research and Development (RnD) research using the ADDIE method. Data was collected using a questionnaire via Google Forms at the analysis stage. The subjects involved in this research were 13 kindergarten teachers at the analysis stage, 6 validators, 2 class teachers, 2 school principals, teaching materials expert lecturers, and curriculum expert lecturers at the feasibility test stage. Data collection methods use observation and questionnaires. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire. The data analysis technique in this research is qualitative and quantitative descriptive data analysis technique. The research results are I Love Indonesia, comprising the sub-themes of Culture and Natural Wealth. The Culture subtheme contains sub-subthemes such as physical culture. Behavioral Culture and Idea Culture. The sub-subtheme of Natural Wealth contains Water and Land. It was concluded that 100% of respondents needed developing teaching materials on the theme I Love Indonesia for educators in quality learning using the Independent Curriculum. 100% of class teachers understand the guidelines for developing teaching materials on I Love Indonesia.
Implementasi model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) dalam materi teks ulasan di kelas VIII SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi
Authors:   Universitas Jambi, Citra Citra , D Yusra ,   Universitas Jambi, Yusra Hilman ,   Universitas Jambi
Published: October 2023

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in review text material for class VIII SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City. The subjects of this study were Indonesian language teachers and eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The type of research used in this research is phenomenology. The data obtained from this study are in the form of observations and results of interviews carrying out the learning process in the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in review text material for class VIII SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City starting from the initial activities, core activities and closing activities. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in class VIII review text material at SMP Negeri 22 Jambi City has been running according to the PjBL steps proposed by Widiarso, E (2016: 184), namely: (1) determination of questions fundamentals, (2) designing project plans, (3) compiling schedules, (4) monitoring students and project progress, (5) testing results, and (6) evaluating experiences. Project Based Learning facilitates discussions between students who exchange ideas to complete their projects. Teachers have been able to apply PjBL in writing review texts properly and correctly. Keywords: project based learning, writing, review text
MODERN ARCHITECTURAL APPROACHES TO SMART CITIES AND EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
Authors:   Khawarizmi University Technical College, Abu-Hammad Numan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: This article aims to provide readers with an overview of significant modern architectural approaches to creating sustainable smart city models. Different architectural approaches have piqued the interest of many researchers that study ancient and modern buildings, specifically their characteristics and execution methods. Purpose of the study: Interest toward smart architecture has grown due to the extensive development of technology and its integration into all aspects of human and city life, including the learning environment, the psychological effect of various spaces, and environmental impact. Methods: Architects, designers, engineers, and psychologists alike must consider these key developments and choose approaches to spaces and buildings that properly reflect the smart building philosophy. Many case studies have been adopted in the current investigation. Results: Over the recent years, due to the increasing strain of real estate demands, which led to overcrowding in cities, the need to find the most suitable housing solutions has emerged as a key problem. Architects and researchers are considering the best modern architectural approaches to building a sustainable model for smart cities.
MODELING OF SNOW LOAD ON ROOFS OF UNIQUE BUILDINGS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU), Poddaeva Olga
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The purpose of the work is to study the processes of snow transfer and snow deposition on the roofing of a unique building. Currently, the problem of assigning snow loads to the roofs of buildings and structures remains relevant, since cases of roof collapses in winter are still recorded annually, including those in the Russian Federation. A circus building with the roof in the form of a suspended reinforced concrete shell was chosen as the object of study. Methods: The design diagram for this type of roof is contained in SP 20.13330.2016; the snow load distribution diagrams for this roof were adopted according to Appendix B to SP 20.13330.2016. The author considered several options of snow load distribution and chose the most unfavorable one, when an increased value of the snow load is observed on one half of the roofing. During one winter period, field measurements of the thickness of the snow cover were carried out at the site. Results:It was established that in general, with the exception of local zones, the actual distribution of snow cover coincides with the adopted design solution, while the actual value of the weight of the snow cover for the current winter season was significantly lower than the calculated one. Discussion: The obtained result demonstrates that when developing design solutions for certain types of suspended roofing, it is permissible, without conducting specialized experimental studies, to use the data given in the scientific and technical literature, based on the results of monitoring the thickness of the snow cover on the roofing of the building.
ENERGY PERFORMANCE-BASED RETROFIT OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS IN ALBANIA USING MASS-HOUSING TYPOLOGIES AS CASE STUDIES
Authors:   Epoka University, Yunitsyna Anna , Sadrija Ilda ,   Epoka University
Published: October 2023

Introduction: The study is focused on the analysis of the energy performance of mass-housing residential buildings in Albania and further evaluation of the opportunities for energy retrofit of these buildings. Currently, in Albania, energy performance evaluation is mandatory for newly constructed buildings, but there are no approaches that would address the existing building stock. Methods: The goal of this study is to evaluate apartment buildings of the communist period in Tirana and Shkodra and apply a number of passive and active retrofit strategies, which are appropriate in the Mediterranean climate conditions. Results and Discussion: Improvement of thermal conductivity and energy balance can be achieved through the additional insulation of the buildings’ walls and roofs and window replacement, installation of photovoltaic panels and energy-efficient lighting. The application of passive strategies reduces energy losses in Tirana by 56% and in Shkodra— by 57%. Conclusions: Installation of photovoltaic panels can meet cooling and lighting demands during the warm period; however, their contribution during the wintertime is insufficient to satisfy heating demands.
On the question of qualification rules of factual error in the draft of the new Criminal code of Ukraine (updated as of 05/22/2023)
Authors: Aidynian A.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes separate rules for the qualification of a factual error in accordance with the draft of the new Criminal Code of Ukraine as of May 22, 2023.

The author concludes that the regulation of factual error in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine has both positive and negative aspects. Among the positives, in particular, the very fact of the appearance of provisions on factual error and the attempt of drafters of the draft law to formulate at least the basic rules of criminal-legal qualification of situations related to factual error.

Specific provisions of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine are being studied. A number of specific comments and proposals have been formulated. In particular, according to the authors, the wording of part 2 of Art. 2.4.6 of the project «unreasonably believed» needs to be clarified, since it does not have a clearly defined content.

The article also substantiates the need to make changes to the provisions provided for in Clause 1, Part 2 of Art. 2.4.6 of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine, as its current edition raises serious questions regarding its content.

In the opinion of the author of the scientific publication, the wording «unreasonably believed» is also unjustified, which is used in paragraph 2 of part 2 of Art. 2.4.6 of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine, since in this case groundlessness or reasonableness does not affect the criminal-legal assessment of the situation.

As a conclusion, the article notes that the variety of factual errors and their legal consequences excludes the possibility of formulating two generalized categorical rules of qualification (as proposed in Part 2 of Article of the draft CC). With the help of specific examples, it is proved that there should be many more such rules.

The conclusion was formulated that the rule of qualification of excusable factual errors provided for in Part 3 of Art. Article 2.4.6 of the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine needs to be brought into line with the provisions on negligence, and an option for such coordination is offered. The proposed version: «The criminal law qualification does not take into account the elements of the criminal offense that the person did not understand and did not have the obligation or could not understand.»