bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desire and motivation for parenthood during the COVID-19 pandemic: A comparison of cis-gender minoritized sexual identities with cis-heterosexual individuals living in Germany
Authors: Batz Falk , Lermer Eva , Lech Sonia , O'Malley Grace , zehni Alaleh Zati , Zenz-Spitzweg Davina , Mahner Sven , Behr Joachim , Thaler Christian J. , Buspavanich Pichit
Published: August 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread across the globe and is associated with significant clinical and humanitarian burden. Indeed, the SARS-COV 2 virus has impacted on society asymmetrically: Marginalized social minority groups, such as individuals who do not exclusively sexually identify as heterosexual, represent a vulnerable population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. While higher rates of anxiety and depression have been reported in individuals with minoritized sexual identities (compared to heterosexual individuals) during the COVID-19 pandemic, the specific impact of the pandemic and its social restriction measures on this population is poorly understood.
Methods
From April to July 2020, we conducted an anonymous cross-sectional survey online among N = 2463 adults living in Germany. We screened for depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-4; PHQ-4) and assessed individuals’ desire for parenthood during the pandemic, and motives for or against the desire for parenthood (Leipzig questionnaire on motives for having a child, Version 20; LKM-20), with the aim of identifying differences between individuals with minoritized sexual identities and heterosexual individuals.
Results
Compared to heterosexual individuals (n = 1304), individuals with minoritized sexual identities (n = 831) indicated higher levels of depressive symptoms. In our study sample the majority of all participants’ (81.9%) reported no change in the desire for parenthood since the COVID-19 pandemic. The ranking of the motives for parenthood did not change since the pandemic in heterosexuals and individuals with minoritized sexual identities. Nevertheless, both subgroups scored lower in all motives compared to the time before the pandemic.
Conclusions
The findings underline the unmet need for social, psychological and medical support in regard to family planning and the desire for parenthood during the pandemic. Furthermore, future research should explore COVID-19-related psychological consequences on individuals’ desire for parenthood and building a family.
A Cross Section From the Consumer Perspective on Sustainable Nutrition: Consumer Awareness and Motivation Status
Authors: Ersoy Nesli
Published: August 2022

Sustainable diets and food production systems are important for healthy life and future generations. This goal should be reachable by consumer motivations. The study aim is the evaluation of awareness and knowledge of sustainability and logo/claims related with sustainability. Participants’ knowledge about sustainability definition and logos/claims related to sustainability were assessed by an online-questionnaire. The questionnaire involved the calculation of annual dietary carbon emissions (kg), nitrogen waste (g), and water consumption (L). Four hundred-two volunteers participated in the study (male: 24.9%; female: 75.1). Only 44 participants (10.9%) explained what sustainable nutrition definition, correctly. The rates of knowledge about logos were quite low; 29.4% for organic product logo; 26.6% for Good farming practice logo; 86.1% for Recycle logo; and 8.0% for Eco-label logo, respectively. The education status of participants affected to knowledge of logo/claim ratio (p<0.05).Ethic production statements and environmental impact statement information were taken attention of participants’ ratio of 33.6% and 34.1%, respectively. The mean dietary carbon emission of participants was 551.0±343.6 kg/year, which was 81% of the upper limit (680 kg/year). The mean nitrogen waste was 3238.8±4620.9 g/year and mean water consumption was 91538.7±157537.9 L/year. Mediterranean diet model carbon emission and nitrogen waste were higher than other diet models, omnivore diet models had more water consumption than other diet models. But these differences were not found statistically significant (p>0.05).Sustainable nutrition can be achieved via consumers’ awareness. Food industry and government should encourage the people about promotion of sustainable food preferences.
Temporal dynamics of hepato-metabolic variables, pH metrics and electrolyte homeostasis throughout the transition period in mithun (Bos frontalis) cows
Authors: Joshi Vivek , Chamuah J. K. , R. Vikram , Ezung Lipenthung Y , Vupru K. , Lalzampuia H. , Khan M. H.
Published: August 2022

Mithun is a rare bovid exclusively found in high altitude rainforests of northeast India and remains as one of the least studied and neglected species. This is the first study aimed to monitor the effect of transition period on lipid biology, metabolic variables, pH metrics and serum electrolytes of mithun cows reared under semi-intensive system. The study was based on ante-partum (-3 weeks) and post-partum (+1, +2, +3 weeks) appraisal of blood, urine and ruminal fluid from fifteen pregnant mithun cows in last trimester (test group) and fifteen non-pregnant mithun cows (controls). Significantly lowered (P<0.05) total cholesterol and triglycerides were observed in mithun cows immediately after calving however, their levels increased during 1st to 3rd week post-partum. There was a consistent rise (P<0.05) in AST activity at week 0 and +1 while it began to decrease from week +1 to +3. During week 0 and 1, significant decrease (P<0.05) in serum calcium, magnesium, sodium and iron was recorded in transitioning mithun. However, these electrolytes gradually increased from week +1 to +3. Moreover, transitioning cows self-regulated their blood, urinary and ruminal pH without deviation around calving and during the first week of lactation. It is inferred that although transitioning mithun cows are predisposed to mild hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia and hyponatremia for few weeks post-partum, lipomobilization is a hallmark of their transition period to mitigate energy demands of lactation. Transitioning mithuns exhibit superior metabolic adaptability by rapid restoration of the hepato-metabolic dynamics and pH metrics to normal without supplementation of glucogenic precursors.
Evaluation of Provincial Carbon-neutral Capacities in the Yellow River Basin Using DPSIR
Authors: Xu Jian , Wang Haiying , Zhao Keyu , Li Zhi
Published: August 2022

The Yellow River basin plays an important role in China's economic and social development and ecological security. To study the changes in the trend and driving mechanisms of the carbon-neutral capacity of the Yellow River basin and provide a theoretical reference value for a comprehensive realization of carbon neutrality in China in 2060, the corresponding subsystems based on the driving-force-pressure-state-impact-response (DPSIR) model framework were established. Furthermore, a DPSIR index system, which consisted of 39 factors reflecting the carbon-neutrality capacity and ecological environment state of the Yellow River basin, was proposed. The DPSIR subsystem layers’ weights were determined using an expert evaluation method. The global entropy method was used to obtain the weights of the 39 indicators, the evaluation model of carbon-neutral capacity was proposed to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value of the provincial carbon-neutral capacities comprehensive evaluation Index (CCCEI) in the Yellow River basin. Our results indicate that, from the perspective of the DPSIR subsystems, the evaluation value of the carbon-neutral capacity driving subsystem in the Yellow River basin exhibited an overall upward trend from 2008 to 2019. However, the evaluation value of the carbon-neutral capacity pressure subsystem decreased slightly in some years, while the overall trend increased marginally. The carbon-neutral capacity status subsystem evaluation value was at a lower level and requires further improvement. The evaluation value of the carbon-neutral capacity impact subsystem had a certain fluctuation, and the evaluation value of the carbon-neutral capacity response subsystem improved rapidly and steadily afterward. The final results indicated that, from 2008 to 2019, the carbon-neutral capacities of the provinces in the Yellow River basin were in a state of rapid development and had achieved a grade leap. However, seven provinces had carbon-neutral capacity levels at Grade III standard in 2019, thereby leaving scope for substantial improvement.
Maintaining pioneer and exemplary: Model worker CEO and corporate green innovation
Authors: LV Jingxin
Published: August 2022

Drawn on the upper echelons theory, this study analyzes the impact effect and potential mechanism of model worker chief executive officer (CEO) on corporate green innovation. The research results show that model worker CEO has a significant positive impact on corporate green innovation, and the research conclusion is still valid after a series of endogenous analysis and robustness tests. The exploration of the potential mechanism suggests that strengthening environmental ethics and optimizing resource allocation are two potential mechanisms for model worker CEO to influence green innovation. The results of heterogeneity analysis show that model worker CEO is more conducive to promoting green innovation in firms with abundant redundant resources, lower ownership concentration, and state-owned enterprises. In the context of higher market complexity and marketization degree, the positive relationship is more pronounced. From the perspective of CEO cultural background, this study provides new insights into corporate green innovation drivers and can serve as a reference basis for the improvement of CEO selection mechanism, the formulation of corporate green innovation strategy, and the evaluation of stakeholders’ decision-making.
Time to vasoactive agents initiation, restricted volume resuscitation effect on fluid balance and clinical outcomes in children with septic shock
Authors: Sanguanngam Siripen , Kongkiattikul Lalida , Samransamruajkit Rujipat
Published: August 2022

Background
Several studies have shown that positive fluid balance is associated with worse outcomes in pediatric severe sepsis and septic shock patients. Early vasopressor administration in children with septic shock after ≤ 40 cc/kg of fluid bolus may be beneficial.
Methods
This is a retrospective analytic study in children with septic shock (aged between one month and 18 years from 2012–2020.) They were recruited at a referral tertiary university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand and were treated with either restricted volume resuscitation (≤ 40 cc/kg of fluid bolus) combined with vasopressors or standard volume resuscitation. The clinical effect on fluid balance and other outcomes were measured.
Results
One hundred and forty-three patients were diagnosed with septic shock. Ninety-three patients started vasoactive agents at ≤ 40 mL/kg (study group) compared to 50 patients who started the vasopressor drugs after 40 mL/kg of fluid bolus (control group). Volume administered at 6, 24 and 48 hours in study group was significantly less than control group (p < 0.001). There was a trend of higher %Fluid Overload (%FO) at 24 to 72 hours in control group but it was not statistically significant. %FO at 24 hours was significantly correlated with time initiation of vasoactive agent (R2 = 0.17, p = 0.03) and length of PICU stay (R2 = 0.2, p = 0.02). In addition, the multivariate analysis showed that initial serum level of albumin was less than 3 g/dL and positive %FO of more than 10% at 24 hours significantly increased mortality by 6.3 (95% CI, 1.25 to 32.12; p = 0.03) and 6.1 folds (95% CI, 1.47 to 25.46; p = 0.01), respectively.
Conclusion
There was a trend of decreasing %FO overtime in study group compared to the control group. Time initiation of vasoactive agent and %FO significantly correlated with prolonged PICU stay.
Using Developmental Regression to Reorganize the Clinical Importance of Autistic Atypicalities
Authors: Mottron Laurent , Gagnon David , Zeribi Abderrahim , Douard Elise , Courchesne Valerie , Huguet Guillaume , Jacquemont Sébastien , Loum Mor
Published: August 2022

Early regression (ER) is often reported in autistic children with a prototypical phenotype, and has been proposed as possible pathognomonic sign, present in mot autistic children. Despite the uncertainties attached to its definition and report, using ER to anchor the autism phenotype could help identify the signs contributing the best to the autism diagnosis. We extracted retrospective data from 1,547 autistic children between the ages of 6 and 18 years from the Simons Simplex collection. Logistic regression identified the atypicalities significantly associated with a history of ER. Stepwise variable selection using logistic regression analysis followed by a bootstrap procedure of 1000 iterations identified the cluster of atypicalities best associated with ER. Linear and logistic regressions measured the association between combinations of atypicalities within the identified cluster and adaptative behaviors, diagnostic areas severity and categories. Seven atypicalities significantly increased the likelihood of having experienced ER (OR = 1.73 to 2.13). Four (“hand leading – ever”, “pronominal reversal – ever”, “never shakes head at age 4 to 5” and “stereotypic use of objects or interest in parts of objects – ever”), when grouped together, best characterized the phenotype of verbal autistic children with ER. This clustering of signs was associated with certain persistent language difficulties, higher summary scores on a diagnostic scale for autism and greater odds of receiving an “autistic disorder” diagnosis instead of another PDD diagnosis. These results raise questions about using language as a clinical specifier, defining cross-sectional signs independently of their relationship with the early developmental trajectory, and relying on polythetic criteria or equivalent weighted autistic atypicalities.
LncRNA XIST promotes metastasis in ESCC by sponging miR-34a to regulate ZEB1 Expression
Authors: Guo Bin , He Ming , Ma Minting , Tian Ziqiang , Jin Jing , Tian Guo
Published: August 2022

Objective
LncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is the master regulator of transcriptional silencing of X chromosome. We will study the mechanism that XIST regulates the metastasis of ESCC by regulating ZEB1.
Materials and Methods
We chose KYSE150 cell line to knock down XIST. CCK-8 was used to detect the proliferation and transwell was used to detect the migration and invasion ability. The esophageal cancer xenograft nude mouse model was established to study the effect of XIST in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine whether miR-34a inhibits activity of the luciferase reporter gene by binding to the predicted target sites of XIST and ZEB1. We detected the expression levels of XIST and ZEB1 in 66 paired ESCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Correlations between XIST and ZEB1 in tumor tissues and patient characteristics were assessed using the χ2 statistical test.
Results
Knockdown of XIST inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Knockdown of XIST reduced the expression level of ZEB1, and increased the expression levels of E-cadherin and miR-34a. Down-regulation the expression of miR-34a while knocking down of XIST restored the reduction in cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability caused by knocking down of XIST. The luciferase reporter assays indicated that miR-34a directly binds to the predicted target site of XIST and ZEB1. Both the expression levels of XIST (2.69 ± 1.71 VS 1.84 ± 1.67) and ZEB1 (3.24 ± 2.79 VS 1.06 ± 1.31) were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent tissues. The relative level of XIST in ESCC tissues was positive correlation with ZEB1. Overexpression of XIST and ZEB1 were associated with postoperative metastasis and shorter OS.
Conclusion
Overexpression of XIST promotes metastasis and indicates a poor prognosis in ESCC. The XIST/miR-34a/ZEB1 axis can be used as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker of ESCC.
Role of periosteum in alveolar bone regeneration comparing with collagen membrane in beagle dogs
Authors: Ma Zhigui , Guo Ke , Chen Lu , Chen Xinwei , Zou Duohong , Yang Chi
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To investigate the role of periosteum on the treatment of buccal dehiscence defects comparing with collagen membrane in canine model.
Materials and Methods
Bilateral dehiscence-type defects at the buccal side on the distal root of the lower 3rd/4th premolars were created in six beagle dogs with a total of 24 defects and assigned into 3 groups: Group A: blood clot in an untreated defect; Group B: deproteinized bovine bone material (DBBM) covered with an absorbable membrane; Group C: DBBM covered with the periosteum. The structural parameters for trabecular architecture and vertical bone regeneration were evaluated. Histological and histomorphometric evaluation were carried out to observe new bone formation and mineralization in the graft site. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to identify the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) at postoperative 3 months.
Results
Group C achieved greater vertical alveolar bone gain than that of group A and group B. The periosteum-covered group showed significantly greater new bone formation and accelerated mineralization. The greater immunolabeling for OPN and OCN was observed in group C than in group A.
Conclusions
Periosteal coverage has explicit advantages over collagen membranes for the quality and quantity of new bone regeneration in dehiscence defects repairing.
Supportive Care Needs of Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khajoei Rahimeh , ZohariAnboohi Sima , Ilkhani Mahnaz
Published: August 2022

Purpose: In order to achieve optimal survival care outcomes, all health care services must be tailored to the patient's specific needs, preferences, and concerns through the survival period. This study aimed to identify supportive care needs from the point of view of breast cancer survivors. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic reviews, a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed. The inclusion criteria were all studies published from inception until the end of January 2022, covering all stages of breast cancer. The exclusion criteria were mixed type studies relating to cancer such as case reports, commentaries, editorials, and systematic review studies, as well as studies that assessed patients' needs during cancer treatment. Two quality assessment tools were used for the qualitative and quantitative studies under examination. Results: Of the 13,095 records retrieved, 40 studies, including 20 qualitative studies and 20 quantitative studies, were retained for this review. Survivors’ supportive care needs were classified into 11 domains. The most frequently mentioned supportive care needs of survivors were psychological/emotional needs (N=32), Health system/informational needs (N=30) physical and daily activities (N=19), and interpersonal/intimacy needs (N=19).Conclusions: This systematic review highlights a number of essential needs for breast cancer survivors. Supportive programs should be designed that consider all aspects of these needs, in particular the psychological/emotional and informational needs.
A survey on the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas --Take Donglan County, Hechi City as an example
Authors: Chen Hui , Gan Luwen , Wei Jinman , Ma Fengyi
Published: August 2022

Purpose of the study: To understand the influencing factors of the quality of life of the rural elderly in Hechi area, and to provide empirical evidence for improving the quality of life of the rural elderly. Methods: From December 2020 to February 2021, three natural villages were selected as survey sites in Donglan County, Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,330 elderly people aged 60 and above were selected for questionnaire survey , and SPSS25.0 was used to statistic the data, and general descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used for data statistical analysis. Results: A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, 310 valid questionnaires were returned, and 20 invalid questionnaires, and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 94%. The results showed that factors such as educational level, occupation, health status, source of income, whether children were around, and satisfaction with health care services were statistically significant at P<0.05, which had an important impact on the quality of life of the elderly. Conclusion: Government departments should continue to increase capital investment in rural medical and health services to improve the uneven distribution of rural medical and health resources in the county;relevant departments should also strengthen the health management of the elderly in rural areas, and actively promote health education knowledge;children should pay attention to the family needs and mental health of the elderly, solve the bad emotions of the elderly in time, and listen to the life feelings and demands of the elderly. The findings can provide policy suggestions for health administrative departments to improve the quality of life of rural elderly.
Influence of Magnetic Nanoparticles and Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) on the Behavior of Continuous Stir Tank Reactor (CSTR)
Authors: Ali Asim , Mahar Rasool Bux , Panhwar Sallahuddin , Keerio Hareef Ahmed , Sherazi Tufail Hussain , Shuja Fatihah , Abdelsalam Essam M.
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In this study, the biocompatibility of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) with a concentration of 75 mg/L was experimentally investigated with different organic loading rates (OLRs) in Continuous Stir Tank Reactors (CSTRs). The OLRs were started from the lowest concentration of 0.3 gVS/Ld to the highest at 1.3 gVS/Ld with an intermediate of 0.8 gVS/Ld. During this experimentation, the behavior of other parameters like pH, soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD), total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) generation and degradation, total solids (TS) and VS removal were monitored along with CH4 generation. It was observed that the NPs efficiency was higher at the lowest OLR. The CH4 yield was optimal at 0.3 gVS/Ld, which was 725.9 mL/gVS and reduced to 652.02 mL/gVS in R1 (with NPs additives). However, R2 (without NPs) showed much-stabilized behavior and get increasing from 372.8 to 424.4 mL/gVS at 0.3 to 1.3 gVS/Ld of OLR, respectively. Moreover, the higher removal of sCOD, TVFAs, and TV/VS were archived in R1 at the shortest hydraulic retention time (HRT).
Isometry groups of six-dimensional nilmanifolds
Authors: Ficzere Kornélia , Figula Ágota
Published: August 2022

We determine the 6-dimensional nilpotent metric Lie algebras such that the Lie algebra n has a descending series of ideals invariant under all automorphisms of n and the dimension of the consecutive members of the series decreases by one. We call them metric Lie algebras having a framing determined by ideals. We classify the isometry equivalence classes and determine the isometry groups of connected and simply connected Riemannian nilmanifolds on 6-dimensional nilpotent Lie groups having a Lie algebra n as their Lie algebra.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 53C30; Secondary 57M60, 17B30, 22E25.
Participatory disease surveillance for a mass gathering - a prospective cohort study on COVID-19, Germany 2021
Authors: Hohmuth Nils , Khanyaree Ifrah , Lang Anna-Lena , Duering Ohad , Konigorski Stefan , Višković Vukašin , Heising Tobias , Egender Friedemann , Remschmidt Cornelius , Leistner Rasmus
Published: August 2022

Background
Mass gatherings (MGs) such as music festivals and sports events have been associated with a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. On-site research can foster knowledge of risk factors for infections and improve risk assessments and precautionary measures at future events. We tested a web-based participatory disease surveillance tool to detect COVID-19 infections at and after an outdoor mass gathering by collecting self-reported COVID-19 symptoms and tests.
Methods
We conducted a digital prospective observational cohort study among fully immunized attendees of a sports festival that took place from September 2 to 5, 2021 in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Participants used our study app to report demographic data, COVID-19 tests, symptoms, and their contact behavior. This self-reported data was used to define probable and confirmed COVID-19 cases during the full “study period” (08/12/2021–10/31/2021) and within the 14-day “surveillance period” during and after the event, in which the highest likelihood of an event related COVID-19 outbreak could be expected (09/04/2021–09/17/2021).
Results
A total of 2,808 of 9,242 (30.4%) event attendees participated in the study. Within the study period, 776 individual symptoms and 5,255 COVID-19 tests were reported. During the 14-day surveillance period around and after the event, seven probable and seven PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases were detected. The confirmed cases translated to an estimated seven-day incidence of 125 per 100,000 participants (95% CI [67.7/100,000, 223/100,000]), which was comparable to the average age-matched incidence in Germany during this time. Overall, weekly numbers of COVID-19 cases were fluctuating over the study period, with another increase at the end of the study period.
Conclusion
COVID-19 cases attributable to the mass gathering were comparable to the Germany-wide age-matched incidence, implicating that our active participatory disease surveillance tool was able to detect MG-related infections. Further studies are needed to evaluate and apply our participatory disease surveillance tool in other mass gathering settings.
Evolution for Composition Analysis and Pattern of Shouzhou Kiln Porcelain by Comparison of Sui and Tang Dynasties and the Contemporary Era
Authors: Liu Xiaoyang , Gao Daming
Published: August 2022

Shouzhou kiln is located in the north of Anhui Province. Its porcelain was first fired in the Six Dynasties, peaked in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, but gradually declined in the late Tang Dynasty. Shouzhou kiln complied with the trend of the times and catered to the aesthetic taste of the public. In the Tang Dynasty, a new way was found, which laid a solid foundation for its great development and prosperity. In order to compare the differences between the Sui and Tang Dynasties and the modern Shouzhou kiln in the production process and composition, XRF and XRD were employed to analyze their compositions and structures. The results confirm that the main components are silica and alumina, which exist in the form of quartzite and mullite, indicating that the materials used for the body and glaze of Shouzhou kiln porcelain are relatively stable.
Identification of secondary prevention patients eligible for PCSK9 inhibitors therapy according to the routine clinical practice in Spain
Authors: Cosin-Sales Juan , Sidelnikov Eduard , Villamayor Santiago , Fernández Miriam , Merino-Montero Sandra , Zamora Alberto
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Many patients at very-high risk of cardiovascular (CV) events would benefit from lipid lowering therapies (LLT) intensification to decrease their risk. This study aimed to identify the real-world secondary prevention patients potentially eligible for proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) in Spain.
Methods
Retrospective cohort study included adult patients registered in the IQVIA Spanish Electronic Medical Records outpatient database (2014–2020), diagnosed with myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina (UA), ischaemic stroke (IS), transient ischaemic attack (TIA), or peripheral artery disease (PAD) and with ≥ 1 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or total cholesterol measurements. Longitudinal data were collected from the initial diagnosis to the end of the study period or follow-up loss.
Results
The study included 9,516 patients, 63.9% male, mean (SD) age 67.7 (12.5) years and mean LDL-C 117.3 (38.8) mg/dL. MI, IS, and PAD were the most severe events reported, during the study period (28.5%,18.7%, and 29.3% of patients, respectively). At the time of last available LDL-C assessment (≥ 3 months post-event), 64.4% patients were on LLT. Of those, 45.4% were on high-, 46.9% on moderate-, and 7.7% on low-intensity LLT. Overall, 9.6% patients achieved LDL-C < 55 mg/dL (24.2% LDL-C < 70mg/dL). Furthermore, 17.9% patients receiving optimized LLT showed LDL-C > 100 mg/dL (LDL-C reimbursement threshold for PCSK9i in Spain).
Conclusion
Up to 82% of atherosclerotic CV disease patients do not achieve LDL-C levels recommended by the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines despite being on optimized LLT therapy. In 17.9% of these patients LDL-C levels exceed 100 mg/dL, being eligible for PCSK9i in Spain.
Early stimulation and responsive care: a mediator of caregivers’ depression on the suspected developmental delay of left-behind children in China
Authors: Ma Gege , Li Mengshi , Tan Chang , Zhao Chunxia , Dou Yan , Duan Xiaoqian , Shi Huifeng , Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Jingxu
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Due to multiple factors, children left behind in rural areas suffer from delayed neurodevelopment (suspected developmental delay, SDD). This study aimed to analyze the effect of caregivers’ depression on left-behind children’s SDD, with early stimulation and responsive care mediating. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in villages of five Chinese counties. A total of 904 left-behind children and their primary family caregivers were enrolled. Information on the children and their caregivers were collected through face-to-face interviews. The Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) was used to measure caregivers’ depressive symptoms. The Ages and Stages questionnaires, third edition (ASQ-3) was used to screen children for SDD, which contains five domains: communication (CM), gross motor (GM), fine motor (FM), problem-solving (CG), and personal social (PS). Results: Of left-behind children’s caregivers, 39.7% experienced varying symptoms of depression. The prevalence of total SDD among left-behind children under three years was 31.4%. Caregivers’ ZSDS scores were positively correlated with the FM, GM, CG, and PS of the left-behind children. Caregivers’ early stimulation & responsive care was positively correlated with the CM, FM, CG, and PS of the left-behind children. Conclusion: Left-behind children under three years in rural China were at high risk of SDD and their caregivers’ mental health was not good. Caregivers’ depressive symptoms may negatively affect the suspected developmental delay of left-behind children through caregivers providing less early stimulation and responsive care. A comprehensive intervention should be conducted to promote the health of left-behind children and their caregivers.
The Comparison of Depressive Symptoms and White Blood Cell (WBC) Count between the Sexual Minorities and Heterosexual Identifying Individuals in a Nationally Representative Sample: 2005-2014
Authors: Lu Junjie , Yang Jiarui , Liang Jingyang , Mischoulon David , Nyer Maren
Published: August 2022

Background
Sexual minorities are at a higher risk of suffering from depressive symptoms compared with heterosexual individuals. Only a few studies have examined the conditions of depression within different sexual minority groups, especially people with sexual orientation uncertainty. Furthermore, few studies have explored whether the mean white blood count (WBC) is different between people with and without depressive symptoms among different sexual minority groups in a nationally representative sample.
Methods
We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2014 with a sample of 14,090 subjects. We compared the prevalence of depressive symptoms in subpopulations stratified by sex, sexual minority status, and race. We also examined the difference in mean WBC count between depressed and non-depressed people among heterosexual individuals and different sexual minority groups. Additionally, two multivariable logistic regression models were used to explore the association between sexual minority status and depressive symptoms, treating sexual minority status as both a binary and categorical variable.
Results
Female sex (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.72–2.22) and sexual minority status (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.47–2.17) were both independently associated with depressive symptoms. Within the sexual minority population, subjects who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depressive symptoms (OR: 2.56, 95%CI: 1.40–4.68). In the subgroup analysis considering intersectionality, black females of sexual minorities had the highest proportion of depressive symptoms (19.4%, 95% CI: 7.72–40.98). Finally, the mean WBC count differed significantly between people with and without depressive symptoms among male heterosexual individuals, female heterosexual individuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities.
Conclusions
Based on sex, race, and sexual minority status, black females with sexual minority status had the highest proportion of depressive symptoms. Within sexual minority groups, participants who were unsure about their sexual identities had the highest odds of having depression. Finally, the mean WBC count was significantly higher among people with depressive symptoms than those without depressive symptoms only among male heterosexuals, female heterosexuals, and female sexual minorities, but not among male sexual minorities. Future research should investigate the social and biological mechanisms of the differences.
Single-cell RNA binding protein regulatory network analyses reveal oncogenic HNRNPK-MYC signalling pathway in cancer
Authors: Li Yongsheng , Zhou Weiwei , Jie Qiuling , Pan Tao , Shi Jingyi , Jiang Tiantongfei , Zhang Ya , Ding Na , Xu Juan , Ma Yanlin
Published: August 2022

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players of gene expression and perturbation of RBP-RNA regulatory network has been observed in various cancer types. Here, we propose a computational method, RBPreg, to identify the RBP regulators by integration of single cell RNA-Seq (N = 233,591) and RBP binding data. Pan-cancer analyses suggest that RBP regulators exhibit cancer and cell specificity and perturbation of RBP regulatory network is involved in cancer hallmark-related functions. We prioritize an oncogenic RBP-HNRNPK, which is highly expressed in tumors and associated with poor prognosis of patients. Functional assays performed in cancer cells reveal that HNRNPK promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations further demonstrate that HNRNPK promotes tumorigenesis and progression by directly binding to MYC and perturbed the MYC targets pathway in lung cancer. Our results provide a valuable resource for characterizing RBP regulatory networks in cancer, yielding potential biomarkers for precision medicine.
The structural and fuctional changes of glymphatic system in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Chen Yingqian , Wang Miaomiao , Su Shu , Dai Yan , Zou Mengsha , Lin Liping , Qian Long , Li Xianjun , Zhang Hongyu , Liu Meina , Chu Jianping , Yang Jian , Yang Zhiyun
Published: August 2022

Background
The enlarged perivascular Virchow-Robin space (VRS), which indicates a glymphatic system alternation, is very common in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. However, assessing those morphological changes in this region by using conventional techniques may be challenging. In this study, we investigated structural and functional changes in the glymphatic system in the treatment-naïve attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children by quantitatively measuring the VRS volume using a Diffusion Tensor Image-Analysis Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS).
Methods
A total of 47 pediatric ADHD patients and 52 age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children were recruited in this prospective study. The VRS volume was calculated using a semi-automated approach in axial T2WI images. Diffusivities along the x, y, and z-axis in the projection, association, and subcortical neural fiber areas on the diffusivity maps were measured. The ALPS-index, a ratio that accentuated water diffusion along the perivascular space, was calculated with: ALPS-index = mean (Dxproj, Dxassoc)/mean (Dyproj, Dzassoc). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the quantitative parameters; Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation with clinical symptoms.
Results
The cerebral VRS volume (mean, 15.514 mL vs.11.702mL) and the VRS volume ratio in the ADHD group were larger than in the TD group (all P < 0.001). The Dxassoc and ALPS-index were significantly smaller in the ADHD group vs. TD group (mean, 1.40 vs.1.59, P < 0.05 after FDR adjustment). Besides, the ALPS-index was related to inattention symptoms of ADHD (r= -0.323, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Our study suggests that the glymphatic system alternation may participate in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Moreover, the VRS volume and ALPS index could be used as the metrics for diagnosing ADHD. The study of glymphatic system change may be a new research direction for exploring the mechanisms of psycho-behavioral developmental disorders.
Trial registration:
This prospective study has been registered online (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ [Identifier: ChiCTR2100048109]).
DConvLSTM: An Autotuning Distributed CNN Model in Cloud Environment for Optimized Accuracy, Scaling, and Execution Time
Authors: Srira Harini , Lokesh Saddikuti , Sai Jitendra
Published: August 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and deep learning have altered the digital landscape. Data grows in lockstep with technological advancements. The training procedure for Deep Learning algorithms is becoming increasingly complex as the amount of data available grows. In the deep learning process, having superior technology to speed up the training and testing time is critical. CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) is a deep learning algorithm for image processing that is widely utilized. In this paper, a novel distributed CNN with LSTM is proposed to optimize accuracy, execution time, and scalability. Different methodologies and tactics for improving CNN training time through distributed models are studied. To comprehend the neural network structure of parallelizing and spreading the execution, each layer of the CNN is investigated and analyzed. Computations on the CPU, GPU, and TPU are also investigated, as well as settings like Google Colab, AWS SageMaker, and others. According to the analysis, the use of an L2 regularization, dropout layer, and a ConvLSTM for autotuning of hyperparameters improves speed in all settings, The final CNN, with these additional layers for performance acceleration, is subsequently deployed in Google Cloud Platform Virtual Machine (VM) instances. This makes it easier to investigate the performance of the proposed distributed deep learning model at scale. Due to the communication between multiple nodes involved in distributing a deep learning model, the model's accuracy usually suffers. But in this proposed work utilizing an autotuning LSTM and Distributed CNN algorithm that distributes optimally and balances accuracy and speed-up is proposed in this proposed work. The proposed models achieved a 2.206 percent boost in speed with respect to data parallel DConvLSTM and a 1.4 percent improvement in model parallel training time of DConvLSTM. The maximum accuracy achieved was 93.3825 and 89.59 percent in data-parallel and model-parallel executions respectively.
Risk Factors for NCDs among Life-Cycle and Practice of Comprehensive Intervention in China
Authors: Hu Xiangju , Wu Minxia , Lin Yulan , Lin Honglin , Hu Zhijian
Published: August 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Service Level Agreement Optimization via Reverse Engineering the QoE/QoS Relations
Authors: Mousavi Ashraf Sadat , Kazemitabar Javad , Ebrahimzadeh Ata
Published: August 2022

Along with the growth of the Internet comes a competitive environment among Internet service providers. In this regard, quality of service (QoS) and customer's quality of experience (QoE) is introduced as the two main criteria of satisfaction for network users/regulators. In this paper, we have evaluated these two criteria for one of the largest Internet service communication networks in Iran. By providing a predictive model, we propose solutions to improve the quality of the communication network. Because the quality of experience can only be achieved through direct contact with users - a time-consuming and costly process - the use of a predictive model can be very helpful. Our model predicts the quality of experience from the quality-of-service parameters with an accuracy of about ninety percent. Next, we reverse-engineer the relationship between the quality of experience and quality of service to develop a service level agreement (SLA) contract. The relationship between quality of experience and quality of service is then compiled into a set of if-then rules. In this regard, using a decision tree classifier, we were able to set the quality-of-service parameter thresholds for the gold, silver, and bronze SLAs.
Cross-Language Entity Alignment for Joint Entity Screening and Dual Relation Graph
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Zhang Wencheng , Wang Huiyong
Published: August 2022

In knowledge graphs of different languages, entity alignment is usuallyinterfered by problems such as structural heterogeneity and languagedifference. The emergence of these problems seriously affects the taskof entity alignment. Existing methods continuously improve alignmentstrategies, but often ignore the impact of triples with the same headand tail entity names on the entity alignment task. This paper takes thehead entity in the triple as the central entity, and proposes an entityalignment method that effectively utilizes neighbor entities with thesame entity name as the central entity. We take advantage of the multi-order properties of Graph Convolutional Neural Networks to processentities, relationships and attributes in the source and target knowl-edge graphs through knowledge structure embedding and entity nameembedding. We define the primal graph and the dual relation graphrespectively, the former is composed of two knowledge graphs together,and the latter is constructed by the association of relations in triplesto strengthen the role of relations. We use the primal graph and thedual relation graph to process the entities and relationships in knowledgegraphs. We compare the output vectors obtained by the two meth-ods, and then select the optimal output vector, combine the entityID to remove the neighbor entities that are completely equivalent tothe central entity, and finally obtain the final alignment result throughneighbor sampling and the similarity calculation of the correspondingentity. Experimental results on real datasets show that our methodsignificantly helps improve the task of cross-lingual entity alignment.
The 2022 Mw6.2 Pasaman, Indonesia, Earthquake Sequence and Its Implication of Seismic Hazard in Central-West Sumatra
Authors: Wulandari Rizki , Chan Chung-Han , Wibowo Adhi
Published: August 2022

The 2022 Mw6.2 Pasaman earthquake took place in central-west Sumatra in association with activity in the Sumatran Fault system. This study clarifies the spatial and temporal distribution of the Pasaman earthquake sequence and forecasts the earthquake sequence’s impact on the seismicity in the vicinity and in the Sumatran Fault system. We first examined the seismicity before the mainshock and observed temporal lowb-value anomalies, shedding light on the earthquake’s precursor by monitoringb-values prior to the event. Based on the aftershocks the first 18 days, we modeled the temporal distribution of the aftershocks according to the modified Omori’s law, which suggested this sequence could last 37–451 days. By further considering Båth’s law and the Gutenberg–Richter law, we estimated the temporal distribution of the maximum magnitudes in the aftershock sequence. To understand the spatial pattern of the aftershocks, we calculated the coseismic Coulomb stress change imparted by the Pasaman mainshock. The stress increases extended northwest and southeast, consistent with aftershock distribution. We further evaluated rupture probability for each segment of the Sumatran Fault. Considering the stress perturbation imparted by the Pasaman earthquake, we expected a seismicity rate increase of ca. 40% at the Sumpur and Sianok segments in the short term. To quantify long-term rupture probability, the recurrence interval and the time elapsed since the previous earthquake were incorporated based on the time-dependent Brownian passage-time model. A high rupture probability is expected for a segment with a short recurrence interval and/or long time elapsed since the last earthquake. The earthquake probability at the Sumani segment in the coming 50 years was determined to be 72%. The outcomes of this study are the last word for subsequent probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for not only Sumatra but also certain metropolises in Malaysia and Singapore.
Ozone Decreases CRMP2 Phosphorylation by Inhibiting Sema3A to Ameliorate Chronic REM Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Deficits in Mice
Authors: jingru tu , Williams John P. , Sun Li-Na , Yan Yi-Ning , Liu Yu , An Jian-Xiong
Published: August 2022

Sleep is essential for proper cognitive functioning. Ozone can delay both the aging process as well as the associated neurodegeneration. An untested hypothesis is that ozone may play a role in reducing the cognitive impairment associated with sleep deprivation. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of ozone’s effect on chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Ozone ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, increased the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss. Administration of ozone may protect against chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction by enhancing the expression of Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and PlexinA1 concentrations as well as P-CRMP2/CRMP2 in the hippocampus. Moreover, ozone was associated with acetylation of α-tubulin which, in turn, is associated with microtubule network dynamics and modulates ATP synthase activity. In conclusion, ozone may play a neuroprotective role and improve chronic REM sleep deprivation induced spatial recognition and learning memory dysfunction in mice.