bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Large Language Models: A Novel Approach Through Dynamic Token Pruning
Authors: Keith Christopher , Robinson Michael , Duncan Francis , Worthington Allan , Wilson Joseph , Harris Sofia
Published: October 2024

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence technologies has necessitated the development of frameworks capable of executing increasingly complex tasks with remarkable efficiency and speed. In response to the pressing demands for heightened computational capabilities, a sophisticated strategy has been conceived that not only addresses the performance challenges inherent in state-of-the-art language models but also seeks to optimize their operational efficiency. The methodology proposed here introduces dynamic token pruning, a transformative approach that carefully evaluates and selectively retains only the most crucial tokens during the inference process, thereby significantly reducing both inference time and memory consumption without undermining the integrity of the generated output. Through rigorous empirical analysis, the proposed framework demonstrates substantial enhancements in processing speed, achieving remarkable reductions in memory usage while maintaining a stable level of model accuracy, as indicated by perplexity metrics. The findings demonstrate the dual advantages of increased operational efficiency and sustained predictive performance, illustrating the capability of dynamic token pruning to adapt to varying input complexities. This research not only highlights the potential for improved accessibility and scalability of advanced language models in real-world applications but also lays the groundwork for future explorations into more complex optimization techniques that can further refine model performance in diverse contexts. The implications of these advancements extend beyond mere efficiency gains, contributing to the broader integration of AI technologies across a multitude of sectors and applications.
The assessment of grip strength in preschool-aged children with and without unilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Griet Dequeker , Emma Detobel , Ellen Dillen , Marie Heymans , Lize Kleeren , Els Ortibus , Lisa Mailleux
Published: October 2024

Aim: To investigate reliability and validity of two grip strength devices in children with and without unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP) aged 2 to 6 years.
Method: We assessed grip strength in 20 preschool-aged children with predominantly spastic uCP (mean age 4y0±1y2m) and 20 age-matched children without uCP (mean age 3y11m±1y3m) using the Martin Vigorimeter and MyoGrip to investigate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients; ICC), known-group validity (comparative statistics) and convergent validity (correlation analyses) in a cross-sectional design.
Results: In both groups, test-retest reliability was excellent for both devices and both hands (ICC 0.91-0.97). Grip strength of the non-preferred hand was lower in children with uCP for both devices (p<0.001). Grip strength was decreased in the non-preferred compared to the preferred hand in children with uCP for both devices (p<0.001). In children without uCP, grip strength was lower in the non-preferred compared to the preferred hand only for the MyoGrip (p=0.02). The relation between both devices for both hands was good to very high (r=0.62-0.92, p<0.007).
Conclusion: Both devices can be implemented in clinical practice to assess grip strength in preschool-aged children with uCP. Only the MyoGrip detected differences between both hands in children without uCP and might be more sensitive.
Driving Change in Maternal Anaemia Management: A Contextual Evaluation of a Quality Improvement Initiative for Routine Screening and Intravenous Iron Treatment in Nigeria
Authors: Eboreime Ejemai , Onietan Damilola , Obi-Jeff Chisom , Akinajo Opeyemi , Adelabu Yusuf , Oluwole Esther O. , Balogun Mobolanle , Banke‑Thomas Aduragbemi , Afolabi Bosede B.
Published: October 2024

Background: Quality improvement (QI) models have been applied in healthcare systems with varying success, raising questions about their effectiveness. Despite growing evidence on effective interventions, a gap remains between proven strategies and actual practice, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Evaluating the efficacy of QI initiatives and understanding the contextual factors influencing their success is crucial. This study aims to investigate the roles and interrelationships of contextual factors in implementing the Diagnose-Intervene-Verify-Adjust (DIVA) approach for the Implementation Research for Intravenous Iron Use in Pregnant and postpartum Nigerian Women (IVON-IS) project, which seeks to enhance anaemia screening and treatment using intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM).
Methods: We used a mixed method approach with a sequential explanatory design. Adapting the Model for Understanding Success in Quality (MUSIQ), we quantitatively compared contextual factors affecting DIVA implementation across six health facilities participating in the IVON-IS project. Multi-stakeholder Implementation Management Team (IMT) members from the health facilities implementing the IVON-IS project completed a self-administered questionnaire. Qualitative interviews were conducted via in-depth interviews with 12 IMT members using an open-ended semi-structured interview guide. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and qualitative interviews were analysed using a framework analysis approach.
Results: The IVON-IS implementing facilities scored between (87.6%) and (95.4%) out of 168 points on the MUSIQ scale, suggesting a reasonable likelihood of project success. All facilities demonstrated strong performance across MUSIQ domains, including external environment, QI team attributes, organizational capacity, microsystem, and QI support and capacity on the MUSIQ scale. Notably, external motivators scored lowest. Supportive leadership, strong microsystems and diversity of the QI team are contextual factors that facilitated the project. However, barriers such as the regulatory and policy environment and QI workforce were identified.
Conclusion: Based on the MUSIQ assessment, the IVON-IS project exhibited a reasonable chance of success. Our study highlights the utility of MUSIQ in designing and implementing sustainable QI initiatives. The framework's structured approach facilitated identifying and managing key drivers of quality care, resulting in lasting improvements in healthcare processes.
Fujairah Honey Chain (FHC): A Blockchain Framework for Monitoring Honey Production
Authors: Almiani Khaled , Mirza Shaher Bano , Zufferey Camille , Alyammahi Khawla M. , Lamghari Fouad
Published: October 2024

Honey is globally recognized for its substantial nutritional impact and therapeutic properties. In addition to its health benefits, honey is commonly used as a natural sweetener in daily life. However, because of its high market value, honey is susceptible to manipulation and counterfeiting. For instance, honey may be mixed with corn syrup or other sweeteners to increase profit margins. Counterfeit honey negatively impacts consumer health and the honey market. The manipulation of honey poses challenges to the growth of beekeeping businesses. These issues highlight the importance of designing solutions to ensure the authenticity of traded honey. Accordingly, this paper presents a blockchain-based framework to monitor the honey trade supply chain and detect counterfeit honey products. The proposed framework incorporates an oracle component that ensures the accuracy and authenticity of the collected information or images regarding honey quality and origin. Consequently, consumers can access all honey quality variables and origin information using the framework. By associating honey batches with fungible and non-fungible tokens, the proposed framework closely tracks honey products in the trade supply chain. Several experiments were conducted to analyze the economic feasibility of the proposed framework, demonstrating that the cost of performing a trade is expected to be less than $1. Additionally, the results indicate shows that the oracle component achieves an average accuracy rate of 90% in detecting falsified sensor data, compared to the variability found in traditional audits, which can fluctuate depending on differing standards and certifying bodies.
Diversity of Fusarium Species Infecting Maize Grown in Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Alaro Lawrence O.
Published: October 2024

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the famous food crops in Kenya. It is always contaminated by fungi, Fusarium spp. producing mycotoxins, The most common mycotoxin is Fumonisin FB1. Whose intake above 2.0 mg/kg body weight/day has a role in development of Oesophangeal cancer. No data is readily available on the genetic diversity of Fusarium species in various maize genotypes in Kenya. This study was to determine diversity of Fusarium fungi infecting maize in Nakuru County-Kenya. A Purposive sampling was used in collecting maize grains from 277 farmers. Fusarium species were isolated and confirmed using molecular techniques. DNA sequencing of Translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1) gene was done. The data was edited using vector NTI software and blasted in NCBI data base. Fusarium was identified using spore morphology on potato dextrose Agar (PDA). DNA sequence analysis revealed presence of F. temperatum, F. boothii, and F. verticillioides. The finding was to enlighten; the public, farmers, and agricultural officers on the infections of maize by specific Fusarium sp., hence the need to grow less infected maize genotypes H614, H6218 and H6210.
Attention-Based BiGRU Model for Real-time Sign Language Translation Applications
Authors: Nguyen Sam Xuan
Published: October 2024

Sign language applications provide an important key to solving communication problems for deaf community and normal hearing people. Current research problem usually focuses on improving communication access between deaf and hearing people. In this study, we consider real-time communication context from deaf to hearing people, and thus we propose an attention-based bidirectional gated recurrent unit (A-BiGRU) model which demonstrates on trading-off among an precision performance, and computational efficiency which includes training time, testing time, and system resources on extended the American Sign Language Gloss (E-ASLG-PC12) dataset. The results shown that our proposal has a significant performance improvement in term of training time, testing time, system resources, comparing to attentionbased bidirectional long-short term memory (A-BiLSTM), and the other moderns of sequence to sequence models. Moreover, precision performance of our proposal model achieve closer to that of the complex architecture, A-BiLSTM. Thus, we believe that our proposed model is a suitable and potential candidate for real-time translation applications as well as and lower computational devices when they solve the communication problems from deaf to normal hearing people direction. Keywords– computational efficiency (CE), attention-based bidirectional gated recurrent unit (A-BiGRU), sign language translation applications (SLTA).
Beyond aquifer boundaries: unveiling the multi-dimensional value of groundwater management in Jeju, Korea
Authors: Lee Chanhee , Park Jungkyu
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of groundwater valuation in Jeju Island, Korea, which relies heavily on groundwater resources. The research addresses the limitations of conventional valuation methodologies that often undervalue groundwater management and ignore spatial heterogeneity. We employ three non-market valuation aggregation methods: local benefit, national benefit, and a combined heterogeneous benefit approach. The heterogeneous benefit approach divides the population into groups based on their distinct groundwater valuations and then consolidates their willingness to pay. Using a contingent valuation method, we analyze survey data from 542 respondents in Jeju and 1,000 respondents nationwide to capture the comprehensive value of improving groundwater quality, considering both local and non-local dependencies. Results show that national benefits exceed local benefits by a factor of 21.4, and this disparity increases to 21.6 when spatial heterogeneity is included. These findings highlight a significant underestimation in previous studies focusing solely on local beneficiaries. Our approach enhances understanding of the varied values attributed to groundwater by different populations, providing crucial insights for sustainable water resource management
Modeling the effect of land-use change on runoff water quality in the urban watershed: a case study of Settat city, Morocco
Authors: Ben-Daoud Abderrahmane , Chokhmane Mohamed Ghassan , Moroșanu Gabriela Adina , M'Rabet Souad
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to create a model of the quantity and quality of runoff from the urban watershed. The modeling was performed using a personal computer stormwater management model (PCSWMM) tool and was based on washoff and buildup for total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) measured in the field. In addition, low impact development (LID) was used under four different scenarios to improve runoff control of the urban hydrologic cycle and reduce pollutant concentrations. Model performance was analyzed using the R2 and NSE goodness-of-fit indices. Thus, three typical rainfall events, as well as field measurement parameters (TSS, TN, and TP), were used for the model's calibration and validation. The base scenario quantified the runoff volume and pollutant load without any intervention in the runoff process control. Scenarios S2 (BR: bioretention) and S3 (PP: permeable pavement) contributed, separately, in reducing runoff and pollutant load but with relatively small percentages. In addition, the results show that scenario S4 (BR and PP) has the most significant impact on flow reduction, by about 10% compared with the base scenario, as well as on the pollutant load reduction, by about 31, 29, and 40% for the parameters TSS, TN, and TP, respectively.
PENGARUH KOMPETISI BANK TERHADAP STABILITAS SISTEM KEUANGAN PERBANKAN (STUDI KASUS PADA KBMI IV TAHUN 2019-2022)
Authors: Febryianti Elvira , Yenny Kornitasari
Published: October 2024

The emergence of banking as an intermediary institution plays a very important role in the economy because it is the heart that must pump "money" and distribute it to all organs that need the money. Therefore, it is very important to maintain the stability of the banking financial system. The development of the banking system can trigger competition in the banking industry which can affect banking stability. This research was conducted to determine the effect of bank competition on the stability of the banking financial system. This research focuses on KBMI 4 data which is a large bank HHI index, market share and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) used as a proxy for competition and Non-Performing Loans (NPL) as a proxy for banking financial stability. The analysis technique used is Panel Data Regression with KBMI 4th ​​quarter data for 2019-2022. Of these three variables, the HHI index and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) variables have a significant effect on Non-Performing Loans (NPL). Meanwhile, the market share variable has no significant effect on Non-Performing Loans (NPL).
Analysis of apple chips business development strategies using business model canvas approach and SOAR-AHP method
Authors: Asmaul Mustaniroh Siti , Rana Putri Salma , Mahar Maligan Jaya
Published: October 2024

The study focuses on SMEs X, a producer of various processed fruit products, primarily apple chips. The business experienced a 90% decline in revenue due to an 8-month market closure during the Covid-19 pandemic, with ongoing challenges such as reduced revenue and production capacity post-pandemic. This study aims to identify business models in SMEs using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) approach, develop alternative business strategies through SOAR analysis of BMC elements, prioritize these strategies using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and enhance their BMC. Four expert respondents participated in the study. The research results highlight the current business conditions across the 9 BMC elements. The SOAR matrix produced eight alternative strategies, prioritized using the AHP method, including optimal production planning and scheduling (OR2), strengthening apple chips brand awareness (OA2), disseminating freeze-drying production technology innovations (OA1), developing business unit production (SA2), expanding the marketplace (SA1), maximizing the use of social media (OR1), product quality standardization (SR1), and forming partnerships with other fruit chip SMEs to innovate freeze-dried products (SR2). The BMC was further developed by integrating SR2 and OA1 into the key partnerships element, SA2 into the key resources element, OA2, OR1, and OA2 into the key activities element, SR1 into the value proposition element, and SA1 into the channel element.
Isolation of linalool compounds of nampu rhizome essential oil (Homalomena occulta) by vacuum fractionation distillation method
Authors: Rusyda Hasna , Sukardi Sukardi , Diyah Dewanti Beauty Suestining
Published: October 2024

The perfume industry in various countries is increasingly expanding and the appeal of perfume comes from its distinctive scent. One of Indonesia's potential needs in the organic perfume industry is essential oils. Nampu rhizome (Homalomena occulta) has great potential and is widely spread on the island of Java. This is because the Nampu rhizome has the main chemical component in the form of linalool compounds, which are essential oil components with high economic value, so it needs to improve quality by increasing its purity. A technology that was developed to improve the purity of essential oils was vacuum fractionation distillation. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of temperature on the quality of distillation in the fractionation results of Nampu rhizome essential oil (linalool compound). The experiment used a material temperature factor between 135-160°C and > 160°C.The analysis of fractionation results was carried out on physical properties including refractive index, specific gravity, optical rotation, colour, and linalool compound with GC-FID and yield. The results showed a refractive index value of 1.4620 nD, specific gravity of 0.8647, optical rotation of -19.80, clear oil colour and yield of 69.80%. Chemical analysis with GC-FID improves the purity level of the final product against the linalool fraction increased by 10.02% or linalool purity by 90.92%.
ACCURATE MOTION ESTIMATION FOR ROTATIONAL IMAGE SEQUENCES
Authors:   Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, India, Doshi Hirak , Kiran N Uday ,   Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, India
Published: October 2024

Complex motion patterns, non-rigid deformations, occlusions, and illumination changes largely affect rotational image sequences. This makes accurate motion estimation a challenging task. To address this issue, we propose an optical flow model to accurately estimate motion in rotational image sequences. Our model uses an additional constraint in the objective weighted with an edge-stopping function which allows non-zero curl specifically in the regions where rotation is involved. Our implementation of the model relies upon the robust Chambolle-Pock algorithm. We discuss the effects of the model parameters and the primal-dual parameters in the convergence of the algorithm. To further validate the effectiveness of our model, we combine our algorithm with some of the sophisticated implementation approaches with weighted median filtering. Our results on some of the rotational sequences from the Middlebury benchmark datasets show that our method achieves the best average angular and end-point errors when compared with some of the well-known models in the literature.
Touching Technology—Parents’ Experiences of Remote Consultations for Children With Severe Congenital Cardiac Conditions: Quasi-Experimental Cohort Study
Authors: McCullough Julie Elizabeth May , Sinclair Marlene , Gillender Jonathan , McCrossan Brian , Slater Paul F , Browne Rosie , Casey Frank
Published: October 2024

Background

Remote consultations (RCs) using videoconferencing was recommended by the General Medical Council as the method for clinicians to provide patient consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Facilitating this while providing high-quality care depends on the usability and acceptability of the technology.

Objective

This project aimed to investigate parents’ experiences of using videoconferencing technology for real-time RCs with children who had congenital heart defects during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Methods

This study’s design was quasi-experimental and was underpinned by the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model that seeks to explain and predict an individual’s intention to use a technology. Parents were informed of this study by the medical team, posters were made available in the wards and clinics, and leaflets were left for browsing. Clinician screening of potential participants led to the identification of 33 children and parents who were enrolled on this study. The intervention was a web-based RC by medical staff using a secure, interactive videoconferencing platform (Pexip). Each child and their mother or father received 8 RCs with the same specialist doctor or nurse. Measurements were taken using web-based questionnaires pre and post consultation at the first, middle, and last events; questions were focused on the acceptability, usability, and clinical applicability of RCs. Parents’ experiences were explored using recorded interviews and analyzed thematically.

Results

In total, 29 children aged 4‐1052 (mean 95, SD 191.14) days completed the project, receiving a total of 189 RCs as part of their routine care. Parents’ prior experience of consultation via videoconference was low; however, as time progressed, their use and acceptance of the technology increased. The intervention was warmly received by all parents who found the face-to-face component particularly useful for discussion with their child’s medical team. Furthermore, parents noted the savings on time, money, and childcare.

Conclusions

While in-person consultations are considered the gold standard of patient care, increasing pressures on health services and staff reduce availability. Given the ease of access and additional benefits experienced by parents and their children, it is proposed that hybrid models of consultation and care provision are equal, if not superior, to in-person consultations in the management of children with severe congenital heart defects while reducing costs and pressure on the health service and parents.
Desires and Needs for Quitting Both e-Cigarettes and Cigarettes Among Young Adults: Formative Qualitative Study Informing the Development of a Smartphone Intervention for Dual Tobacco Cessation
Authors: Nguyen Nhung , Koester Kimberly A , Tran Christine , Ling Pamela M
Published: October 2024

Background

Dual use of both e-cigarettes and cigarettes is popular among young adults and may lead to greater nicotine dependence and additive adverse health effects than single-product use. However, existing cessation programs target quitting either e-cigarettes or cigarettes, highlighting a need for interventions to help young adults quit both products (ie, dual tobacco cessation).

Objective

This formative study is part of a larger project to develop a smartphone intervention for dual tobacco cessation among young adults. This study aimed to (1) explore desires for and experiences with quitting both e-cigarettes and cigarettes and (2) identify needs and preferences for dual tobacco cessation intervention programming.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted to elicit the need for and experience with dual tobacco cessation among 14 young adults (18-29 years old) recruited through Instagram (Meta) advertisements in 2023. We conducted a thematic analysis to identify common themes related to quitting experiences and cessation needs.

Results

Participants expressed a strong desire for dual tobacco cessation and had attempted to quit both tobacco products, mostly “cold turkey.” The priority product for quitting first varied by the individual’s perceived harm or level of consumption. Targets for dual tobacco cessation interventions included (1) highlighting the health effects of dual tobacco use compared with single product use, (2) providing cessation support to quit one prioritized product while cutting down the other product with the explicit goal to quit both, (3) emphasizing unique facilitators and barriers to quitting each product (eg, unpleasant smell of cigarettes facilitating smoking cessation and accessibility and flavors of e-cigarettes hindering vaping cessation), and (4) addressing co-use of tobacco with alcohol or cannabis. Participants wanted personalized interventions through smartphone apps that would tailor support to their tobacco use patterns and unique quitting goals and needs. They also suggested presenting intervention content in multimedia (eg, videos, graphic pictures, quizzes, and games) to increase engagement.

Conclusions

This study provides important insights into young adults’ experiences, needs, and preferences for dual tobacco product cessation. We highlight important targets for future smartphone apps to deliver personalized and tailored support to meet the heterogeneous needs and preferences of young people who want to quit using both e-cigarettes and cigarettes.
AI-Enhanced VR Self-talk for Psychological Counseling: A Formative Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Zisquit‬‏ ‪Moreah , Shoa Alon , Oliva Ramon , Perry Stav , Brunstein Klomek Anat , Slater Mel , Friedman Doron
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Access to mental health services continues to pose a global challenge, with current services often unable to meet the growing demand. This has sparked interest in conversational artificial intelligence (AI) agents as potential solutions. Despite this, the development of a reliable virtual therapist remains challenging, and the feasibility of AI fulfilling this sensitive role is still uncertain. One promising approach involves using AI agents for psychological self-talk, particularly within virtual reality (VR) environments. Self-talk in VR allows for externalizing self-conversation by enabling individuals to embody avatars representing themselves as both patient and counselor, thus enhancing cognitive flexibility and problem-solving abilities. However, participants sometimes experience difficulties progressing in sessions, which is where AI could offer guidance and support.

OBJECTIVE

This formative study aimed to assess the challenges and advantages of integrating an AI agent into self-talk in VR for psychological counseling.

METHODS

We carried out an iterative design and development of a system and protocol integrating LLMs within VR self-talk. In addition, we conducted an exploratory study in which 11 participants completed a session including: identifying a problem they wanted to address, attempting to address this problem using self-talk in VR, and then continuing self-talk in VR, but this time with the assistance of an LLM-based virtual human. The sessions were carried out with a trained clinical psychologist and were followed by semi-structured interviews. We used qualitative analysis after the interviews to code and develop key themes for the participants that addressed our research objective.

RESULTS

In total, four themes were identified regarding the quality of advice, the potential advantage of human-AI collaboration in self-help, the believability of the virtual human and other topics. The participants rated 8.3 out of 10 their desire to engage in additional such sessions, and more than half of the respondents indicated that they prefer using VR self-talk with AI rather than without it.

CONCLUSIONS

This exploratory study suggests that the VR self-talk paradigm can be enhanced by LLM-based agents, how exactly to achieve this, potential pitfalls, and additional insights.
Perubahan Bunyi Bahasa Proto Austronesia ke dalam Bahasa Melayu Riau Dialek Pasir Pengaraian
Authors: Sukma Sukma , Widayati Dwi , Dardanila Dardanila , Lubis Tasnim
Published: October 2024

Riau Malay has language variations generating various dialects, including Pasir Pengaraian dialect, which reflects sound differences. To understand the characteristics of the dialect, it is necessary to analyze the sound changes from Proto Austronesian into Pasir Pengaraian Riau Malay dialect. The purpose of this research was first, to identify the sound changes of Proto Austronesian language into Riau Malay dialect of Pasir Pengaraian using Keraf's theory and second, to analyze the meaning changes that occur due to sound changes using Crowley & Bowern's theory. This research belonged to qualitative-descriptive research exploring thoroughly how sound changes from Proto Austronesian languages occured in detail and how these changes affect the meaning of words in cultural and social contexts which were then explained and described systematically. The data collection method used was interview method with listening technique, note-taking technique and recording technique by referring to the list of  200 Swadesh vocabularies. The results of the research obtained that (1) the types of sound changes of Proto Austronesian language into Riau Malay language were assimilation (progressive assimilation and palatalization), metathesis, afferesis, syncope, apocope, prothesis, epenthesis, paragogue, and monoftongization. (2) meaning changes that occur were pejoration, broadening, narrowing, and bifurcation.
A Journey to Healing Pain: Trauma Writing of Charlie Gordon in Flowers for Algernon
Authors: Shi Yi
Published: October 2024

Flowers for Algernon, first published in 1959, is a novel written by the American writer Daniel Keyes. It tells the story of Charlie Gordon’s journey from having an intellectual disability to gaining extraordinary intelligence, as well as his regression when one experimental procedure starts to goes wrong. “Trauma” is a marked theme in the work, which plays a vital role in portraying characters and developing plots. In the light of trauma theory, this essay puts a focus on the relationship between trauma and the individual, and author of this paper argues that family and society are two major roots in imposing misery upon the protagonist. With the interference of technology, trauma is rediscovered and represented by his confusion, maladjustment, and rage. Ultimately, he treats it through finding himself, building connections with others, and doing contributions to the society. It is concluded that based on writing the trauma of the intelligently disabled, Keyes vividly communicates his concerns on then further revealing the theme of science and technology, goodness, and wisdom.
Analysis of the Interpersonal Meaning in the Teacher Discourse in Competition Videos
Authors: Yan Xue
Published: October 2024

This study, grounded in Systemic Functional Linguistics, examines the form and distribution of mood and modality in English classroom discourse by the winner of the Special Prize at the 12th "Foreign Language Teaching Society Cup" National College Foreign Language Teaching Competition (English Major Group). It reveals how interpersonal meaning is realized in the teacher's discourse and explores teacher-student relationships. The analysis shows a predominant use of the declarative mood, followed by interrogative and imperative moods. This balance reflects the teacher's dual role as both knowledge disseminator and facilitator of student participation, steering away from a wholly authoritative position. Minimal use of the imperative mood suggests discussions are mainly informational, reducing student pressure and promoting an equal and harmonious classroom atmosphere. Declarative moods serve multiple functions, whereas interrogatives stimulate student engagement. Modal preferences indicate a balance between directive and facilitative communication, emphasizing low modal values to foster respect and a student-centered approach. This strategy illustrates the teacher's respect for students, embracing roles such as guide and observer, and offers insights for creating inclusive and effective university English classrooms.
Social Acceptance of Vulnerable Groups of Students in the Peer Group
Authors: Jelisavac Danijela
Published: October 2024

Prior studies have shown that socially accepted students tend to be more focused on learning and achieve better academic outcomes, and social acceptance plays a key role in students' psychological well-being. Social acceptance among students significantly impacts their academic success. When students feel accepted and included in the school environment, they show greater motivation to learn and achieve better results. This highlights the importance of creating an inclusive school environment where every student feels welcome and supported. The research of social acceptance of vulnerable groups of students in the peer group was conducted using sociometry among fifth graders in Slovenia. We found out that most fifth-grade students fall into the group with an average sociometric status. Additionally, students from vulnerable groups predominantly have either medium or low sociometric status. However, the assumption that students from vulnerable groups would primarily fall into rejected or neglected sociometric categories was not confirmed, as they occupied various sociometric positions. Understanding the group with average sociometric status is essential for supporting social acceptance and improving academic achievement. Programs and interventions tailored to this group could help enhance their social skills and school integration. Further research is needed to promote social acceptance, foster collaboration between schools, parents, and education experts, and raise teachers' awareness of the importance of social inclusion in the classroom. These efforts can contribute to a more inclusive school environment, benefiting students' academic success and long-term well-being.
A constituição do sujeito no espaço-tempo em Aos 7 e aos 40, de João Anzanello Carrascoza
Authors: Stafuzza Grenissa Bonvino , Oliveira Bruno
Published: October 2024

Configura-se como proposta deste trabalho analisar, a partir da perspectiva filosófica da linguagem pensada por Bakhtin e o Cí­rculo russo (Volóchinov e Medviédev), a constituição do sujeito na construção espaço-temporal do romance Aos 7 e aos 40, de João Anzanello Carrascoza. Almeja-se, portanto, compreender os sentidos que emergem da arquitetônica em estudo, quando se foca a investigação na relação do sujeito personagem com o tempo (auto)biográfico, o espaço e os diálogos com os outros que o constituem, considerando o tema do campo dos afetos, central na estética da criação verbal carrascoziana.
Os Projetos de Letramento como instrumentos potencializadores do ensino da escrita no contexto escolar
Authors: Araujo Claudia Gean Carneiro , Paz Ana Maria de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

A escrita perpassa todas as esferas sociais e implica na autonomia e empoderamento do indiví­duo. Assim, objetivamos, neste artigo, discorrer sobre os Projetos de Letramento (PL) e de que modo eles podem atuar como instrumentos potencializadores do ensino da escrita no contexto escolar, uma vez que se baseiam no interesse do aluno e na minimização dos problemas que interferem na aprendizagem da linguagem. Dessa forma, recortamos, para análise, uma experiência com PL desenvolvida, por ocasião do Mestrado Profissional em Letras (PROFLETRAS/UFRN), com alunos do 7º ano de uma escola pública estadual do Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, consideramos os fundamentos teóricos referentes ao Projetos de Letramento instaurados por Kleiman (1995, 2002, 2010); Oliveira; Tinoco; Santos (2014), Oliveira (2016), Santos (2016) e Santos- Marques (2016). Metodologicamente, nos pautamos nos direcionamentos da pesquisa-ação, instituí­dos por Thiollent (1986) e seguimos a abordagem qualitativa de dados, discutida por Bogdan e Biklen (1994). Partindo do interesse dos alunos, o projeto contemplou a temática saúde e considerou a escrita como prática social situada. Os resultados apontam que os Projetos de Letramento redimensionam a prática do professor e contribuem para que o estudante use a leitura e a escrita de forma empoderada, reflexiva, emancipada e em variados contextos da atividade humana.
Duas concepções de leitura em livros didáticos para o 7º ano do ensino fundamental
Authors: Cruz Ana Carolina de Picoli de Souza , Cortina Arnaldo
Published: October 2024

Neste trabalho, fundamentados na concepção de leitura da semiótica discursiva, pretendemos estabelecer uma comparação entre a perspectiva de leitura que consta no texto introdutório do componente de Lí­ngua Portuguesa para o ensino fundamental na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e como ela se efetiva em dois livros didáticos para o 7º ano do ensino fundamental, verificando a coerência discursiva entre o que é proposto nesses livros e o que é prescrito na BNCC. Além disso, trazemos à tona algumas reflexões sobre um trabalho didático pautado na concepção enunciativo-discursiva da linguagem, que investigue os processos de constituição de sentido dos mais variados textos ao alcance dos estudantes na atualidade.
Interface entre Escrita Criativa e Letramentos Acadêmicos no ensino de escrita na universidade
Authors: Ruchkys Angélica Alves
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo surgiu de questionamentos sobre o que ensinar, no componente curricular Lí­ngua Portuguesa, oferecido como disciplina não especí­fica, nos anos iniciais de cursos de graduação diversos. Paralelamente ao fato de não haver encaminhamentos didáticos explí­citos quanto a esse ensino "” pelo menos, não no grau de detalhamento que se verifica nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Fundamental e Médio "” verificam-se as conhecidas queixas sobre as dificuldades de leitura e escrita dos alunos. Neste artigo, defendemos que o ensino de Lí­ngua Portuguesa deve assumir seu protagonismo como meio de capacitar o estudante a administrar autonomamente suas formas de aprender e de produzir conhecimentos, constituindo-se em uma disciplina de ensino de escrita (e de leitura) em consonância com a cultura das diversas disciplinas gerais e especí­ficas, que constituem qualquer que seja a área de conhecimento no qual se insere o curso superior. Para a realização desse fim, propomos uma articulação interdisciplinar entre duas diferentes abordagens do ensino de escrita: a da Escrita Criativa e a do modelo de Letramentos Acadêmicos, de modo que dessa articulação possa advir uma prática pedagógica que propicie o desenvolvimento da competência escritora e leitora dos textos acadêmicos. Acreditamos que a interface entre os preceitos da Escrita Criativa e o do modelo de letramentos acadêmicos possa fornecer contribuições significativas para responder à pergunta sobre o que ensinar no componente curricular de Lí­ngua Portuguesa nos anos iniciais de cursos de graduação de diversas áreas, sem prejuí­zo dos ní­veis educacionais subsequentes.
O uso de videogames como textos na sala de aula: um olhar pelas lentes da abordagem multimodal
Authors: Borges Celia Nunes Pereira , Santos Zaíra Bomfante dos
Published: October 2024

O uso de jogos de videogame está presente no cotidiano das pessoas de diversas faixas etárias e também no contexto escolar por meio das tecnologias como o celular. Com o objetivo de associar atividades por intermédio dessa mídia digital e o ensino de língua estrangeira, este trabalho investiga a interação por meio da leitura e as contribuições que os games de plataforma podem proporcionar aos alunos durante o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa. A partir das contribuições de Kress (2010), Cope, Kalantzis (2008, 2009), Grupo de Nova Londres (1996, 2000), Gee (2003), Machin (2007) e Pérez-Latorre et al. (2016), abordamos a formação do indivíduo aberto aos novos conhecimentos e baseamo-nos em um dos quatro níveis do modelo de análise para o estudo dos videogames como textos: a dimensão ludonarrativa. Os resultados revelam que a interação por meio do jogo como ferramenta pedagógica dialoga com outras interfaces semióticas, proporcionando uma postura mais crítica e reflexiva na composição textual da narrativa do game.
“Nunca faça isso no Instagram”: a construção retórica de posts de conteúdo em carrossel no Instagram
Authors: Oliveira Jancen Sérgio Lima de
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo, objetivamos analisar o gênero Post de conteúdo em carrossel do Instagram, de modo a descobrir como são organizados textualmente os posts em carrossel de contas criadoras de conteúdo no Instagram, quais recursos são usados tipicamente e investigar se há uma organização retórica recorrente. Para tanto, utilizaremos os princípios metodológicos de Swales (1990), que propôs a análise da organização retórica de gêneros através de movimentos e passos retóricos; e de Alves Filho (2018), que sugere a análise somente de passos retóricos. Nosso corpus é composto por 10 postagens de conteúdo em carrossel, coletadas de perfis do Instagram que possuem mais de dez mil seguidores. Com as análises, chegamos a um total de sete passos retóricos recorrentes. Dentre eles, somente um ocorre em todos os posts pertencentes a nossa amostra.
A (des)informação como estratégia política na gestão da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil: uma análise discursiva
Authors: Oliveira Orlando Silva de , Abreu Kélvya Freitas
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o embate das vozes sociais presentes em discursos proferidos pelo presidente da República, Jair Bolsonaro, sobre a COVID-19, e compreender quais interesses estavam em disputa nos seus enunciados. O corpus da pesquisa é constituído por quatro enunciados sobre a pandemia, proferidos pelo mandatário do Poder Executivo brasileiro, no período de 06 a 24 de março de 2020. O trabalho se configura como uma pesquisa de natureza interpretativa e de abordagem qualitativa. Assim, fundamentado pela teoria decorrente do Círculo de Bakhtin, recorre, metodologicamente, ao cotejo de textos (em sentido amplo), conforme pensado por Bakhtin e defendido por Geraldi (2012), para a realização da análise dialógica dos discursos que compõem o corpus, relacionando-o a conteúdos jornalísticos publicados à época que refletem e refratam a percepção das consequências práticas dos enunciados presidenciais sobre a pandemia da COVID-19. Como resultado das análises, identificou-se que o presidente do Brasil adotou a desinformação como estratégia para produzir seu discurso político, marcando seu posicionamento ideológico frente à pandemia, com o propósito de impedir que os impactos da referida crise sanitária fossem percebidos pela população e abalassem sua imagem, de modo a prejudicar a sua manutenção no comando do país. Sendo assim, a pesquisa contribui para uma melhor compreensão de quais interesses foram postos em jogo em meio ao enfrentamento do caos sanitário causado pela COVID-19 no território nacional, além de permitir observar as questões ideológicas que estavam recobrindo a realidade circundante e como o discurso de desinformação política foi configurado.
Que língua é essa? Anotações dialógicas sobre o ensino de língua portuguesa em contexto escolar indígena
Authors: Silva Márcia Aparecida Rodrigues e , Cavalcante Filho Urbano
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a(s) concepção(ões) de língua presente(s) no ensino de língua portuguesa no contexto escolar indígena, a partir da visão e falas das docentes indígenas (pertencentes à etnia Pataxó) que atuam nos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Indígena Pataxó Coroa Vermelha, localizada em Santa Cruz Cabrália, na Bahia, Brasil. A partir de uma análise discursiva decorrente de entrevistas feitas às professoras que têm o português como 1ª língua, foi possível observar qual(is) a(s) concepção(ões) dessas docentes sobre língua que possivelmente norteiam o ensino de língua portuguesa no contexto indígena. A chamada Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD) constitui o principal aparato teórico da pesquisa. Os resultados do estudo apontam que: i) as docentes indígenas percebem a língua portuguesa como um instrumento necessário para que a comunicação social aconteça, marcando também a presença da língua indígena no processo; ii) as professoras compreendem a língua enquanto processo de interação pelo prisma sociológico, uma vez que valorizam aspectos históricos, culturais e identitários.
A valoração da morte travesti: análise de uma notícia segundo a análise dialógica do discurso
Authors: Cunha Eduardo Soares da , Giacomelli Karina
Published: October 2024

Dados divulgados pela Associação Nacional de travestis e transexuais (ANTRA), indicam que o Brasil é um dos países em que ocorrem mais mortes de travestis e transexuais no mundo. Ao mesmo tempo, não se tem visto, de forma efetiva, ações governamentais que priorizem a defesa da vida desses sujeitos, visando inibir e punir os crimes praticados contra aqueles que não apresentam uma identidade de gênero hegemônica. Circulam praticamente todos os dias, em jornais e portais jornalísticos na internet, notícias sobre o assassinato de pessoas com essa identidade de gênero. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho realiza a análise de uma notícia cujo foco é o assassinato de uma travesti, divulgada por um portal de notícia brasileiro, buscando verificar como a notícia é valorada. Tomamos a notícia em questão como representativa da maneira como questões de violência contra minorias, especialmente quando se trata de crimes que poderiam ser considerados homofobia, são apresentados na mídia tradicional. Para tal, nos apoiaremos nos estudos de gênero e sexualidades, especialmente aqueles que se dedicam a refletir sobre os processos de abjeção e violência, e nas contribuições teóricas e metodológicas da Análise Dialógica do Discurso (ADD), com ênfase no conceito de valoração. Nossa metodologia, também vinculada com a ADD, é a apresentada em Sobral (2009) e Sobral e Giacomelli (2016), que compreende três etapas: análise, descrição e interpretação. A análise demostrou contradições na forma como a notícia valora a morte travesti violenta quando comparada com a de outros sujeitos.
Srrjei – sörj ej att din sköna tid förflutit
Authors: Ingfrid Breie Nyhus  , Live Maria Roggen
Published: October 2024

What is a narrative, when it moves through time and history, when it moves through bodies? The narrative is always in danger of dying, until it is picked up and given new movement into new contexts. Where does the new begin? Where does the old one go? Vocalist Live Maria Roggen and pianist Ingfrid Breie Nyhus have over several years investigated duo music that was once romantic music. Through time, body, forgetfulness, fallibility – and improvisation as a method – the music has merged with the whims, derailments and backtracks of the inner sound and the duo's body. Where does the narrative live in the next moment?
Auditor Ratification in Light of Shareholder Dissatisfaction with the Audit Committee—Evidence from Germany
Authors: Teucher Christoph , Baumann Matthias F. , Ratzinger-Sakel Nicole V. S.
Published: October 2024

SYNOPSIS

Auditor ratification gives shareholders a voice in the auditor selection process. Although votes against auditor ratification primarily relate to the auditor, they also signal shareholder dissatisfaction with the audit committee that is responsible for recommending the auditor. In Germany, shareholders are required to separately vote on auditor ratification and, in addition, ratify the acts of the supervisory board (including the audit committee), allowing us to separately consider whether shareholder dissatisfaction is directed toward the auditor or the audit committee. We find that votes against audit committees’ acts (rather than votes against auditor ratification) are associated with a higher likelihood of subsequent auditor dismissal, suggesting that audit committees particularly respond to shareholder dissatisfaction when their own reputation is at stake. In addition, subsequent audit outcomes (i.e., audit report lag and modified audit opinions) appear to also be affected by shareholder dissatisfaction with the audit committee.

Data Availability: Data are available from the sources cited in Appendix A.

JEL Classifications: M4; M42; M48; G3; G39.