bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação e percepção ambiental do parque nascentes do Mindu: subsídios para sua conservação
Authors: Lins Neto Nelson Felipe de Albuquerque , Viana Álefe Lopes , Silva José Roselito Carmelo da , Santos Roberta Monique da Silva , Neves Renato Kennedy Ribeiro , Silva Neliton Marques da
Published: December 2020

A questão ambiental tornou-se um assunto importante, fazendo com que estratégias tenham sido criadas para reduzir as ações do homem sobre o meio ambiente, onde as Unidades de Conservação tem o seu lugar. Para isso, a percepção ambiental dos indivíduos sobre esses espaços deve ser observada, sob pena das medidas adotadas tornarem-se infrutíferas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as condições ambientais e a percepção dos moradores do entorno do parque Nascentes do Mindu, avaliando o estado ambiental no entorno do parque, a percepção dos moradores quanto ao parque e propor ações para a melhor gestão do espaço. Para isso, foram realizadas caminhadas no entorno do parque onde foram identificados impactos ambientais e entrevistas com as famílias. Os valores absolutos foram convertidos em relativos e os danos foram mapeados e discutidos. As famílias possuem baixo a médio grau de instrução e renda, com densidade domiciliar superior à média nacional. A maioria demonstrou satisfação em morar próximo ao parque e, apesar da maioria não participar de atividades desenvolvidas nele, veem no espaço uma oportunidade para o lazer e a preservação. A falta de segurança e o acúmulo de resíduos no entorno foram apontados como os principais problemas. Foram identificados “lixeiras viciadas”, lançamento de esgoto e riscos potenciais, sendo necessário um apoio maior por parte da gestão do parque e da prefeitura em combater as ilegalidades, ampliar as ações e comunicações ambientais, bem como promover mais atividades que possam sensibilizar os moradores quanto à importância da reserva para a comunidade.
Atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme da imunoglobulina Y: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Fernanda Haboski da , Machado Gabriela da Luz , Marquezan Patricia Kolling
Published: December 2020

A imunoglobulina Y (IgY), termo utilizado para referir-se ao principal anticorpo sérico em galinhas e presente em grande quantidade na gema do ovo, tem se mostrado altamente relevante no meio científico nas últimas décadas. Estudos recentes têm avançado ao estudar a relação da imunoglobulina com atuações antimicrobiana e antibiofilme. Sendo assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar aspectos estruturais e funcionais da imunoglobulina Y bem como sua atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane e EMBASE, utilizando os descritores MeSH/DeCS “Dental caries”, “IgY” e seus derivados, associados entre si pelo operador booleano “AND” e adaptados para cada base de dados. Além disso, foi feita uma busca complementar no Google Acadêmico e nas referências dos artigos selecionados. Após uma leitura crítica de títulos e resumos, 10 estudos foram selecionados. A revisão inclui estudos publicados nos últimos 20 anos. A imunoglobulina Y além de apresentar um potencial uso em tratamentos odontológicos, mostrou-se eficiente quanto à redução de patógenos como a Salmonella spp e Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Na cavidade oral, a imunoglobulina apresentou atuação seletiva para com a bactéria Streptococcus mutans. Entretanto, não há um consenso na literatura sobre a ação da IgY na candidíase, doenças nutricionais e metabólicas, neoplasias, amigdalite e o resfriado comum. Assim sendo, a imunoglobulina Y apresenta uma boa atuação antimicrobiana in vitro e in vivo em bactérias do biofilme, porém são necessários mais estudos a fim de elucidar sua ação contra outras bactérias e a aplicabilidade clínica da mesma.
Perfil sociodemográfico e comportamental dos pacientes em tratamento hemodialítico em Teresina, Estado do Piaui
Authors: Santana Rosane da Silva , Carvalho Alan Danilo Teixeira , Silva Maria do Amparo Ferreira Santos e , Castro Sunamita Rodrigues De , Alcântara Francisco Ricardo de , Conceição Mariely Silva da , Silva Leonardo Felipe Pereira da , Costa Tamires Kelly dos Santos Lima , Silva Thalita Monteiro da , Negreiros Ana Luiza Barbosa , Morais Erica Jorgiana dos Santos de , Silva Edilice da Costa , Costa Rihama Layla Rodrigues , Sousa Beranice Araújo de
Published: December 2020

No Brasil, o número de pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica (DRC) mantém-se elevado, estima-se que 11 a 22 milhões de indivíduos manifestem alguma disfunção renal, numa amostra de 200 milhões de pessoas.  A hemodiálise (HD) aparece como Terapia Renal Substitutiva e oferece melhor qualidade de vida aos pacientes. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar o perfil sociodemográfico, econômico e comportamental dos pacientes renais crônicos em terapia hemodialítica. Estudo quantitativo com abordagem descritiva realizado no Serviço de Arquivamento Médico e Estatístico de uma clínica privada de nefrologia em Teresina-PI. Foram incluídos no estudo, os pacientes em tratamento por hemodiálise com idade acima de 18 anos e excluídos aqueles que apresentaram doenças infecciosas ou com sorologias positivas para hepatite C. A mostra final foi composta por 174 pacientes. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário fechado. Os dados foram digitados e organizados em planilhas do Excel e importados para o Programa SPSS versão 20.0 para a análise descritiva. Os resultados mostraram que 71,8% dos pacientes em tratamento por hemodiálise eram sexo masculino, 44,2% tinham idade acima dos 60 anos, 77,2% ensino fundamental incompleto/completo, 40,2% raça negra, 72,9% casados, 79,8% possuíam religião católica e 93,1% recebiam um salário mínimo. Os principais antecedentes patológicos foram hipertensão, diabetes, glomerunefrite, cardiopatias, problemas crônicos de rins policísticos. E quanto aos hábitos comportamentais, 54% eram sedentários, 33,3% tabagista e etilista, 21,8% etilista e 12,6% tabagista. Esses resultados são fundamentais para que sejam implementadas Políticas em Saúde mais efetivas na prevenção das Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis, principalmente na DRC que tem aumentado significativamente nos últimos anos.
Empoderamento comunitário em meio a uma pandemia: Articulação para melhoria sanitária e energética
Authors: Santos Junior Inaldo Sousa , Veloso Nircele da Silva Leal , Cunha Márcia Valéria Porto de Oliveira
Published: December 2020

A Tecnologia Social é uma solução para uma problemática de uma determinada localidade em que a população está envolvida no desenvolvimento desta solução. Estas tecnologias vêm sendo aplicadas nas mais diversas áreas, destacando-se saneamento, meio ambiente e energia. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar de forma conjunta com a comunidade da Vila Santíssima Trindade, em Santa Isabel do Pará, um sistema de abastecimento de água alimentado por energia fotovoltaica. Para que a comunidade fizesse parte do processo de elaboração deste, esta seria capacitada sobre a importância das tecnologias sociais para o saneamento, saúde e ambiente. Entretanto, a partir dos eventos pandêmicos, as etapas de interação social precisaram ser suspensas e a obtenção de dados foi restrita a pesquisa observacional e entrevistas via web com a representante da associação de moradores da comunidade. No entanto, houve a necessidade de realizar um encontro com a comunidade a fim de definir alguns pontos do projeto. Neste encontro, a comunidade participou definindo as localizações do manancial subterrâneo e do reservatório de distribuição. Além disso, articulou-se a arrecadar fundos para aquisição do sistema fotovoltaico, de modo que a mesma propôs a elaboração de uma rifa de um sistema de internet para localidades rurais. Deste modo, a comunidade empoderou-se a buscar uma solução para sua problemática, mesmo em meio a uma pandemia. Portanto, é possível afirmar que a comunidade obteve êxito no que concerne a participação popular no desenvolvimento de uma solução, consequentemente obtendo sucesso em relação à tecnologia social.
Transferência de calor em Reator Cilíndrico Elíptico de leito fixo via modelo heterogêneo: efeito da forma das partículas do leito poroso
Authors: Pereira Antonildo Santos , Silva Rodrigo Moura da , Magalhães Hortência Luma Fernandes , Gomez Ricardo Soares , Porto Túlio Rafael Nascimento , Lima Wanderson Magno Paiva Barbosa de , Lima Elisiane Santana de , Silva Stephane Katherine Barbosa Moura da , Lima Antonio Gilson Barbosa de
Published: December 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a transferência de calor em um reator cilíndrico elíptico de leito recheado de partículas. Foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático heterogêneo (modelo de duas fases), aplicado para as fases sólida e fluida separadamente. Para resolver as equações diferenciais parciais foi utilizado o método de volume finito, a formulação totalmente implícita, e o esquema WUDS para interpolação para os termos convectivos e difusivos. Resultados da distribuição de temperatura nas fases fluida e sólida, ao longo do reator, para partículas com forma esferoidal prolata e esférica são apresentados e analisados. Verificou-se que a forma da partícula que compõe o leito poroso afeta levemente a distribuição de temperatura no interior do reator e que a temperatura adimensional da fase fluida é levemente menor que a da fase sólida.
PENERAPAN PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN YANG MELARANG PENGGUNAAN PRODUK CRYPTOSEBAGAI ALAT PEMBAYARAN MAUPUN SUBYEK KOMODITAS YANG BISA DIPERDAGANGKAN MELALUI BURSA BERJANGKA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rahmanto Derta , Ulfah Anisariza Nelly
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji legalitas produk crypto berikut produk turunannya, sebagai alat pembayaran/tukar maupun sebagai salah satu bagian dari komoditi berjangka berikut mekanismenya, dikaitkan dengan segala peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku sebagai bahan analisisnya. Alhasil, implementasi penegakan hukum terhadap larangan penggunaan produk cryptovideUndang-Undang No. 7 Tahun 2011 tentang Mata Uang, PBI No. 18/40/PBI/2016, PBI No. 19/12/PBI/2017, dan PBI No. 20/6/PBI/2018 masih dalam tahap sosialisasi adanya larangan saja. Berbeda halnya dengan kebolehan untuk menjadikan produk cryptosebagai subyek komoditi yang dapat diperdagangkan di Bursa Berjangka Indonesia sesuai mekanisme sebagaimana terdapat dalam Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 99 Tahun 2018 dan Peraturan Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi Nomor 5 Tahun 2019, yang pada dasarnya merupakan pengakuan terhadap produk crypto sebagai benda yang dapat dimiliki/dikuasai atau bahkan diwariskan menurut KUHPerdata.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF WOVEN BAMBOO HANDICRAFT ONLINE SHOP IN LOYOK VILLAGE, LOMBOK, INDONESIA
Authors: Multazam Muhammad , Saniyah Eluiz Yansirus
Published: December 2020

Lombok Island in Indonesia has been selected as the World's Best Halal Tourism Destination and World's Best Halal Honeymoon Destination in the World Halal Tourism Summit in Dubai 2015 (Khoiriati, 2018). Lombok Island has also been ranked as the Best Halal Travel Destination in Indonesia according to IMTI 2018 and was also named the best halal destination in the international arena in tourism (Ramadhani, 2020). However, the Lombok Earthquake 2018 and the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 had an impact on Lombok tourism. Loyok village in Lombok as a tourist village that produces woven bamboo crafts is also experiencing marketing problems, namely the decreasing number of sales. In this research, the solution taken in the marketing problem of woven bamboo handicraft products is carried out through the development and implementation of an online shop website. The development method chosen is the waterfall method. System design includes flowchart systems, modeling and database design. In the coding process, the programming language used is PHP 7.0 and MySQL 5.0 database. Implementation has been carried out online and can be accessed via domain anyamandesaloyok.com
30.09.2015 TARİHLİ HGK KARARI VE SONRASI EVLİ KADININ SOYADINA İLİŞKİN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÇATALOĞLU Burcu Bahar , GÜNEŞ PESCHKE Seldağ
Published: December 2020

Türk hukukunda kadının soyadına ilişkin düzenlemeler, 4721 sayılı Türk Medeni Kanunu’nda ve 2525 sayılı Soyadı Kanunu’nda yer almaktadır. TMK m. 187’ye göre, evlilik birliği içinde erkek, evlilikten önceki soyadını kullanmaya devam ederken; kadına bu hak tanınmamıştır. Bu durum, Anayasa’da yer alan eşitlik ilkesine aykırı görülerek birçok yargı kararına konu olmuştur. Konuyla ilgili ilk dava, 1995 yılında Ayten Ünal Tekeli tarafından açılmıştır. O dönemde yürürlükte olan 743 sayılı TMK m. 153 uyarınca, yerel mahkeme ve Yargıtay, Ünal Tekeli’nin evlilik öncesi soyadını tek başına kullanma talebini reddetmişlerdir. Anılan tarihte Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne bireysel başvuru hakkı olmadığı için, AİHM önüne gelen dava Ünal Tekeli’nin lehine sonuçlanmıştır. Bunu takip eden yıllarda kadının evlilik soyadına ilişkin gerek iç hukukta gerek AİHM’de pek çok dava açılmıştır. AİHM’e giden davalarda, kadının evlendikten sonra, sadece evlilik öncesi soyadını kullanma yönündeki talepleri, mahkeme tarafından haklı bulunmuştur. Ancak, bu kararlara rağmen, uygulamada bir değişiklik olmamış, kadın evlilik sonrası, TMK m. 187 gereği, kocasının soyadını kullanmak zorunda kalmıştır. Bununla birlikte, kadın, eğer isterse, evlilik öncesi soyadını kocasının soyadından önce kullanabilmektedir.
Oysaki birçok ülkede, kadına evlilikten önceki soyadını tek başına kullanma hakkı verilmiştir. Kadının evlilik soyadı konusunda çeşitli ülkelerde farklı hukuki düzenlemeler bulunmaktadır. Anayasa Mahkemesi’nde de bireysel başvuru yolunun kabulünün ardından evli kadının soyadı konusunda farklı dönemlerde, çeşitli davalar görülmüştür. Bu davalarda Anayasa Mahkemesi, AİHM’in daha önce vermiş olduğu kararlar doğrultusunda değerlendirme yapmış ve evli kadının evlilik birliği içerisinde evlilik öncesi soyadını tek başına kullanabilmesi gerektiğine karar vermiştir. Nihayet, 2014/2-889 E., 2015/2011 K. sayılı ve 30 Eylül 2015 tarihli Yargıtay Hukuk Genel Kurulu kararıyla, evli kadının evlilik birliği içinde yalnızca kendi soyadını kullanmasının bir insan hakkı olduğuna; bu hakkın kadın ve erkek arasında eşit şekilde uygulanması gerektiğine karar verilmiştir. Ancak TMK m. 187’de halen bir değişiklik yapılmadığı için, bu hakkın kullanımı ancak kadın evlendikten sonra, soyadına ilişkin dava açması halinde mümkün olabilmektedir. Bu makalede, eski düzenlemelere değinilerek 2014/2-889 E., 2015/2011 K. Sayılı HGK kararından günümüze kadar geçen sürenin bir değerlendirmesi yapılacaktır.
BİR YARGITAY KARARI IŞIĞINDA TERDİTLİ DAVA VE TERDİTLİ DAVADA HÜKÜM KONUSUNUN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KILINÇ Ayşe
Published: December 2020

Terditli dava, davacının dava dilekçesi ile davalıya karşı aralarında hukukî veya ekonomik bir bağlantı bulunan birden fazla talebini aslilik ferilik ilişkisi kurarak açtığı davadır. Hukukumuzda terditli dava ile ilgili düzenleme HMK md. 111'de yer almaktadır. Belirtilen maddenin ikinci fıkrasındaki düzenlemeye göre, mahkeme davacının asli talebinin esastan reddine karar vermedikçe, fer’î talebini inceleyemez ve hükme bağlayamaz. Buna göre, mahkeme terditli davada davacı tarafından ileri sürülen taleplerden önce asli talebi inceleyip karar verecektir. Mahkemenin davacı tarafından ileri sürülen ferî talep ya da taleplerle ilgili olarak inceleme yapıp karar verebilmesi için asli talebin esastan reddedilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise Yargıtay 8. Hukuk Dairesi tarafından verilen 6.2.2018 tarih ve 2016/18484-1696 sayılı karar HMK md. 111 hükmü doğrultusunda terditli dava ve özellikle terditli davada hüküm konusu ele alınarak incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.
ÖZEL HUKUK SORUNLARININ ÇÖZÜMÜNDE ROMA HUKUKUNA DAYANAN TEMELLERDEN UZAKLAŞILMASININ SONUÇLARI
Authors: SÖĞÜT İpek Sevda
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışma ile, özel hukuk sorunlarının çözümünde, temeli Roma Hukukuna dayanan ve günümüzde de geçerli olan hukuki prensiplerden uzaklaşıldığında, yargı kararlarında nasıl hatalı sonuçlar doğurabileceği ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır. Bu bağlamda ele alınan özel hukuk sorununun çözümünde etkili olan olan, borçlandırıcı hukuki muamele ve tasarruf muamelesi ayırımı ve bu ayırıma bağlanan hukuki sonuçlar, nisbi hak-ayni hak ayırımını ortaya koyan ve kökenini Roma Hukukunda bulan özel hukukun temel yapı taşıdır ve Kara Avrupası hukuk sisteminde yer alan tüm hukuklar açısından halen geçerli hukuki müesseselerdir. Bu ayırımın önemini tekrar ortaya koyma ihtiyacı; Yargıtay’ın vermiş olduğu «Birden Fazla Satış Vaadinde Tarih Sırası» başlıklı kararı ile bu yönde vermiş olduğu diğer kararlarında, ilgili hukuki muamele ayırımını, bu ayırıma bağlanan hukuki sonuçları ve borç ilişkisinin nisbiliği prensibini, esaslı şekilde yanlış değerlendirmesinden kaynaklanmıştır. Konuya ilişkin olarak; Yargıtay’ın kararına konu olan özel hukuk sorunu, mülkiyetin devrini konu alan sözleşmelerde, tasarruf muamelesi ve borçlandırıcı muamele ayırımının önemi, borçlandırıcı hukuki muamelenin tasarruf muamelesinin geçerliliğine etkisi, tasarruf muamelesinin borçlandırıcı hukuki muamelenin geçerliliğine etkisi, her iki hukuki muamele arasındaki farklar ve son olarak, borç ilişkisinin nisbiliği prensibi üzerinde durulacaktır.
ROMA HUKUKUNDA EVLENME ENGELLERİ
Authors: YILDIZ Sevil
Published: December 2020

Roma’da aileye verilen önem evlilik kurumunun yapısında kendini göstermektedir. Evliliğin kendine has bir takım şekli şartlarının yanında, hukuk evliliğin mümkün olmayacağı, yasa karşısında hüküm ve sonuç doğurmayacağı halleri düzenlemiştir. Bunları evlenmenin mutlak engelleri ve nisbî engelleri olarak ikiye ayırarak incelemek mümkündür. Evlenmenin mutlak engelleri, bir kimseyi bütünüyle evlenmekten alıkoyan engellerdir. Evlenme ehliyeti de diyebileceğimiz conubium’un, özgürlük durumu, vatandaşlık durumu ve akrabalık ilişkisi sebebiyle bulunmuyor olması bu engellerden biridir. Diğerleri ise; evlenme yaşı, pater familias’ın rızasının olmaması, akıl hastalığı bulunmama, monogami şartı ve hadım edilmiş olmama şartıdır. Bu kişilerin yaşadıkları birliktelikler evlilik olmayacağından, evlilikten ileri gelen soy bağı, miras gibi hakları da bulunmayacaktır. Evlenmenin nisbî engellerinde ise kişiler bu şekilde bütünüyle ve kayıtsız şartsız bir ehliyetsizlik içinde değildir. Bu tür engeller kişileri belirli kişiler yahut belirli bir zaman bakımından evlilikten alıkoyar. Bunlar da; sınıf ve derece farkından kaynaklanan, görev ve mevkiden kaynaklanan, askerlik görevinden kaynaklanan ve matem süresinden kaynaklanan engellerdir. Evlenme engellerinin ihlali her iki tür engel için de evliliğin geçersizliği ve ondan kaynaklanan medeni hakların meydana gelmemesi yanında praetor tarafından infamia ile damgalanma cezasına tabi tutulmuştur.
DOLANDIRICILIK SUÇUNUN BİLİŞİM SİSTEMLERİNİN ARAÇ OLARAK KULLANILMASI SURETİYLE İŞLENMESİ
Authors: KORKMAZ Fulya
Published: December 2020

Dolandırıcılık suçu, 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Kanunu’nda “Kişilere Karşı Suçlar” arasında “Malvarlığına Karşı Suçlar” başlığı altında 157 ila 159. maddeler arasında düzenlenmiştir. Bu suç malvarlığına karşı işlenen suçların tipik örneğini oluşturmaktadır ve günümüzde en çok işlenen suçların başında gelmektedir. Bununla birlikte; bilişim teknolojisindeki gelişmelerin etkisiyle, dolandırıcılık suçu son yıllarda akla gelmeyecek yöntemlerle işlenir hale gelmiş; bu ise, neredeyse herkesin bu suçun mağduru olabilme ihtimalini güçlendirmiştir. Gerçekten de; bilişim sistemlerinin hayatın birçok alanında kullanılması, hem dolandırıcılara daha geniş bir hareket alanı yaratmakta hem de en açıkgözlü kişilerin dahi bu suçun mağduru olabilmesine imkân tanımaktadır. Suçun işlenişini kolaylaştırdığından, dolandırıcılığın bilişim sistemlerinin araç olarak kullanılması suretiyle işlenmesi TCK m.158/1-f’de ağırlaştırıcı neden olarak öngörülmüştür.
PENINGKATAN KREATIVITAS GURU MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN SERVANT LEADERSHIP DAN EFIKASI DIRI GURU TETAP YAYASAN
Authors: Sudrajat Andri , Setiyaningsih Sri , Sarimanah Eri
Published: December 2020

IMPROVING TEACHER CREATIVITY THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP AND SELF EFFICATIONTeacher creativity is the teacher's ability to create new things in teaching so that they have variations in teaching that driving students to be more active and creative. In essence, if teaching is carried out properly, it can be said to be creative. The key to the success of creative development lies in teaching creatively and efficiently in conducive interactions. This is not easy and requires expertise and creativity in learning activities to achieve what is expected. This study aims to point out efforts to increase teacher creativity through an examination of the relationship between research variables, namely the relationship between servant leadership and teacher creativity, the relationship between self-efficacy and teacher creativity, the relationship of both servant leadership and self-efficacy with teacher creativity. The study was conducted using correlational statistical methods to determine whether other variables, namely servant leadership and self-efficacy have a positive relationship with teacher creativity. The research was conducted to the permanent teachers of the SMP Foundation throughout Cigudeg District, Bogor Regency with a population of 267 and a sample of 159 teachers. The results showed that there was a very strong and very significant positive relationship between servant leadership and teacher creativity with a correlation coefficient ρyx1 = 0.983; there is a very strong and very significant positive relationship between self-efficacy and teacher creativity with a correlation coefficient ρyx2 = 0.980, and there is a very strong and very significant positive relationship both servant leadership and self-efficacy together with teacher creativity with the correlation coefficient ρyx3 = 0.989. This evidence shows that teacher creativity can be increased through servant leadership and  self-efficacy.
MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN APEL (ANAK PELAKU PEMBELAJARAN) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Satyabrata Pandu , Retnowati Rita , Istiadi Yossa
Published: December 2020

MANAGEMENT OF STUDENTS LEARNING (CHILDREN LEARNERS) TO IMPROVE STUDENT CREATIVITY FROM PAPUA AT THE FIRST MIDDLE SCHOOL IN SENTUL INDONESIAN CHILDREN'S SCHOOL, BOGOREducational distribution, especially at under developed region in Indonesia, is still facing a problem. It is necessary that the private sector takes more active role to assist government efforts. Nowadays, many school institutions takes an effort to equalize education, such as Sekolah Anak Indonesia, where all of his students comes from Papua. Sekolah Anak Indonesia implements an internal  developed learning model which is called APEL (Anak Pelaku Pembelajaran). The goal of the school is  to help students to catch up their left behind, especially in the academic field and helping students to  master 21st Century skills, namely 4C skills (collaboration, critical thinking, communication and creativity). On the area of creativity, students are helped to be able to create innovation as a solution in society, so students confidently go into society. This research is intended to study and describe the uniqueness or special characteristics of management process’ and steps of learning model APEL of a Junior High School which located in Sentul-Bogor. The management of learning model APEL covered four stages of study, they are planning, organizing, directing and implementing, and controlling. This research was conducted through qualitative methods, where the researcher as its instrument. The retrieval data technique was conducted by interviewing, observation, and documentation studies. Based on the collected data and information, this thesis found out and  concluded that good  structural process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling become the  main supporting factor during using the APEL learning model in junior high school level in the Sekolah Anak Indonesia. In order to be able to produce creative children,  it needs detail and consistency in planning, organization which based on the needs, direction and implementation that is in accordance with components of program which has been arranged and planned in advance, as well as regular intensive control using objective instruments that meet students’ learning development.
Nursery Science and Conventions
Authors: Lu Da-Yong , Chen Yu-Zheng , Lu Da-Feng
Published: December 2020

Medical science needs high-quality nursery and technical assistance. To improve the quality and diversity of nursing services and technical support various factors like medical science advances, economic consideration, and clinical requirements play a major role. This article addresses the need for medical promotion and effective projects on a number of aspects of nursery science—including college education, medical knowledge advances, clinical requirements, and technical innovation.
WINTER TURNIP RAPE — MEANING, USAGE IN FODDER PRODUCTION
Authors: Volovik Valentina
Published: December 2020

Presents literature review on the value of biological characteristics, the use of winter turnip rape (Brassica campestris fr. biennis). Brassica campestris fr. biennis is inferior to winter rapeseed in seed productivity, but due to the lower location of the growth point in autumn, it has a potential resistance to freezing. Pods of winter turnip rape, unlike rapeseed, do not crack under adverse weather conditions of harvesting and overstocking on the root. Seed production of winter turnip rape is 1.5–2 times higher than spring. It is characterized by a shorter (10–20 days) growing season compared to winter rapeseed. It requires a smaller amount of effective temperatures in the autumn period, so it is sown 1–2 weeks later than winter rapeseed. Winter turnip rape is the earliest forage crop. It is used in multicomponent mixtures with triticale and vetch for green food. Early harvesting allows you to thoroughly prepare the soil for intermediate and subsequent crops in the crop rotation. As a part of the mixture, it can form more than 32 t/ha of green mass with an output of up to 7 t/ha of dry matter, or up to 5900 feed units and 0.7–1.1 t/ha of raw protein. The preparation of silage feed from winter turnip rape provides high-energy feed with an exchange energy content of 10.51 MJ/kg of dry matter. Both in pure form and in a mixture allow creating a green feed conveyor. It is good honey plant. Seeds and meal of turnip rape have a higher feed value due to the low content of fiber, lignin, glucosinolates and other undesirable substances in them and can be successfully used to compound feeds with protein. The grade of winter turnip rape 'Zarya', created in the Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology is used for forage and sideration purposes both in the main and in intermediate sowing. The variety is intended for use on seeds for the production of oil for both food and technical purposes, as well as for use in the green raw material conveyor. The seeds contain 23.8 ± 2% crude protein and 43.9 ± 2.3% crude fat. It is characterized by the absence of erucic acid in the oil, the content of crude fiber in the seeds is 6.41 ± 1.54%. The average content of glucosinolates in seeds is 13.2 mmol/gram. The proportion of essential amino acids in fat-free matter of seeds of winter turnip rape dawn is 46.6–50.1%, of crude protein 37.6 to 40.1%. The amino acid index (the ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential ones) is quite high: 0.8–0.9.
Re-Pair in Small Space
Authors: Köppl Dominik , I Tomohiro , Furuya Isamu , Takabatake Yoshimasa , Sakai Kensuke , Goto Keisuke
Published: December 2020

Re-Pairis a grammar compression scheme with favorably good compression rates. The computation of Re-Pair comes with the cost of maintaining large frequency tables, which makes it hard to compute Re-Pair on large-scale data sets. As a solution for this problem, we present, given a text of length n whose characters are drawn from an integer alphabet with size σ=nO(1), an O(min(n2,n2lglogτnlglglgn/logτn)) time algorithm computing Re-Pair with max((n/c)lgn,nlgτ)+O(lgn) bits of working space including the text space, where c≥1 is a fixed user-defined constant and τ is the sum of σ and the number of non-terminals. We give variants of our solution working in parallel or in the external memory model. Unfortunately, the algorithm seems not practical since a preliminary version already needs roughly one hour for computing Re-Pair on one megabyte of text.
Improving Scalable K-Means++
Authors: Hämäläinen Joonas , Kärkkäinen Tommi , Rossi Tuomo
Published: December 2020

Two new initialization methods for K-means clustering are proposed. Both proposals are based on applying a divide-and-conquer approach for the K-means‖ type of an initialization strategy. The second proposal also uses multiple lower-dimensional subspaces produced by the random projection method for the initialization. The proposed methods are scalable and can be run in parallel, which make them suitable for initializing large-scale problems. In the experiments, comparison of the proposed methods to the K-means++ and K-means‖ methods is conducted using an extensive set of reference and synthetic large-scale datasets. Concerning the latter, a novel high-dimensional clustering data generation algorithm is given. The experiments show that the proposed methods compare favorably to the state-of-the-art by improving clustering accuracy and the speed of convergence. We also observe that the currently most popular K-means++ initialization behaves like the random one in the very high-dimensional cases.
Combined Application of Rhizosphere Bacteria with Endophytic Bacteria Suppresses Root Diseases and Increases Productivity of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Nguyen Sy Dinh , Trinh Thi Huyen Trang , Tran Trung Dzung , Nguyen Tinh Van , Chuyen Hoang Van , Ngo Van Anh , Nguyen Anh Dzung
Published: December 2020

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the most important crops and global demand continues to increase, giving it a high export value. However, black pepper cultivation has been seriously affected by a number of pathogenic diseases. Among them, “quick wilt” caused by Phytophthora sp., “slow decline” caused by Fusarium sp., and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne sp. have a serious negative effect on black pepper growth and productivity. There have been different chemical and biological methods applied to control these diseases, but their effectiveness has been limited. The aim of this research was to evaluate different combinations of rhizosphere bacteria and endophytic bacteria isolated from black pepper farms in the Central Highland of Vietnam for their ability to suppress pathogens and promote black pepper growth and yield. Formula 6, containing the strains Bacillus velezensis KN12, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DL1, Bacillus velezensis DS29, Bacillus subtilis BH15, Bacillus subtilis V1.21 and Bacillus cereus CS30 exhibited the largest effect against Phytophthora and Fusarium in the soil and in the roots of black pepper. These bio-products also increased chlorophyll a and b contents, which led to a 1.5-fold increase of the photosynthetic intensity than the control formula and a 4.5% increase in the peppercorn yield (3.45 vs. 3.30 tons per hectare for the control). Our results suggest that the application of rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria is a promising method for disease control and growth-promotion of black pepper.
A Small Amount of Nitrogen Transfer from White Clover to Citrus Seedling via Common Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Networks
Authors: Fang Linfa , He Xinhua , Zhang Xueliang , Yang Yehua , Liu Rui , Shi Songmei , Shi Xiaojun , Zhang Yuting
Published: December 2020

Few studies have examined if perennial leguminous cover crops are able to transfer nitrogen (N) via common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) to neighboring fruit trees; the gradient of such N transfer could affect the N nutrition of both plants. Using separated three-column chambers to grow plants in a greenhouse, 99 atom% 15N as (15NH4)2SO4 was applied to leaves of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and 15N was then traced in neighboring citrus (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) seedlings interconnected by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF, Rhizophagus intraradices). A range of 66.85–68.74% mycorrhizal colonization in white clover (mycorrhizal and/or Rhizobium trifolii inoculated) and 19.29–23.41% in citrus (non-mycorrhizal inoculated) was observed after 12 months of AMF inoculation in the white clover, indicating a successful CMN linkage was established between these two plant species. This CMN establishment resulted in significant increases in biomass, N accumulation, and 15N content of citrus when accompanied with nodulated and mycorrhizal fungus colonized white clover. N transfer from white clover to citrus was significantly greater under nodulation plus mycorrhization (46.23 mg N per pot, 1.71% of N transferred) than under non-inoculated control (4.36 mg N per pot, 0.21% of N transferred), and higher than sole mycorrhization (36.34 mg N per pot, 1.42% of N transferred). The percentage of N in citrus derived from white clover under nodulated/mycorrhization was 1.83–1.93%, and was highest in leaves (3.31%), moderate in stems (2.47%), and lowest in roots (0.41%) of citrus. In summary, results from this experiment demonstrated that nearly 2.0% of N transferred from white clover to citrus via CMN. Further studies are needed to quantify N transfer between white clover and citrus by other routes, including soil or root exudation pathways.
Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Early Cluster Thinning on Production and Quality Parameters in a Vineyard cv. Tempranillo under Semi-Arid Conditions in Southwestern Spain
Authors: Mancha Luis Alberto , Uriarte David , Valdés Esperanza , Moreno Daniel , Prieto María del Henar
Published: December 2020

The efficient use of water in the vineyard requires knowledge of the crop’s response to irrigation in terms of production and quality and the interaction of the same with the environmental conditions. In this work, the behavior of a trellis system vineyard in cv. Tempranillo, located in the south-west of Spain, was analyzed for three years in relation to different irrigation strategies based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc), and with two levels of crop load established by early cluster thinning. The response of the vineyard to the same irrigation strategy varied depending on the characteristics of the year. The vineyard’s biomass production increased in a linear trend as annual water status improved. However, during pre-veraison, the water status had a more significant impact on the harvest by affecting bud fertility. The increase in individual cluster weight only partially compensated the loss of yield caused by cluster thinning. The year’s characteristics highly conditioned the response to the irrigation treatment and, together with cluster thinning, modified the characteristics of the musts, although the response was varied.
Efficient Water Management for Cymbidium Grown in Coir Dust Using a Soil Moisture Sensor-Based Automated Irrigation System
Authors: An Seong Kwang , Lee Hyo Beom , Kim Jongyun , Kim Ki Sun
Published: December 2020

Efficient long-term management for the production of high-quality Cymbidium plants is required as these orchids generally require 3–4 years of vegetative growth to allow flowering. This study was conducted to investigate the optimal substrate moisture levels to efficiently produce young cymbidium using a soil moisture sensor-based automated irrigation system over 42 weeks of vegetative growth. One-year-old cymbidium “Hoshino Shizuku” plantlets were grown in coir dust substrate at four levels of volumetric water content (0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55 m3·m−3). At harvest, the numbers of leaves and pseudobulbs, and the chlorophyll content of the cymbidiums did not differ among the four θ threshold treatments. However, plants grown at 0.25 m3·m−3 had significantly smaller leaves, pseudobulbs, and biomass than those at the other θ threshold treatments. Although the lower θ decreased the photosynthetic parameters, such as the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, there were no differences in the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II, indicating that the reduction in net photosynthesis is mostly mediated by stomatal closure. Although the net photosynthesis at θ of 0.35 m3·m−3 was also lower than that at 0.55 m3·m−3 treatment, biomass was significantly lower only at 0.25 m3·m−3 treatment, suggesting that a critical growth reduction by the water deficit occurred for the cymbidium at 0.25 m3·m−3. As the θ threshold increased, the total irrigation amount significantly increased, which inversely decreased the water use efficiency. Although the plants grown at 0.25 m3·m−3 had the highest water use efficiency (WUE) and substrate electrical conductivity they showed significantly reduced growth compared to other θ threshold treatments, and thus this was not a reliable θ threshold level for producing high (visual) quality cymbidium. Overall, the 0.35 and 0.45 m3·m−3 threshold treatments provided appropriate moisture levels for high-quality cymbidium production with high water use efficiency.
Role of Nitrogen Uptake and Grain Number on the Determination of Grain Nitrogen Content in Old Durum Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Giunta Francesco , Mefleh Marina , Pruneddu Giovanni , Motzo Rosella
Published: December 2020

Old durum wheat cultivars are attracting renewed attention due to their suitability to low input agricultural systems. Fourteen old durum wheat cultivars were analyzed in two field trials to assess the effect of grain number and N absorbed and translocated by the crops on grain protein percentage. The mean grain yield was below 3 t ha−1 and strongly associated with the number of grains m−2 (GNO) (r = 0.97 ***). Grain yield displayed a low sensitivity to severe terminal stressful conditions due to the ability of the old durum wheat cultivars to maintain high grain weights despite the high temperatures and short time available for grain filling caused by their late anthesis. The N source for the growing grains was mainly dependent on pre-anthesis N uptake, which was positively associated with the total biomass produced by anthesis. The tall cultivars generally left a greater amount of N m−2 (8–15 g m−2) in their straw compared with shorter ones (5–6 g m−2). The low and variable GNO modulated the amount of N potentially available for each grain and probably limited the possibility of delivering the large N source to the grains. The large grains played a positive role in determining both grain yield (by compensating for the low GNO) and grain protein percentage, as their high grain filling rate was associated with a high N accumulation rate, and hence with a high grain N content and protein percentage.
Chemical and Enzymatic Changes of Different Soils during Their Acidification to Adapt Them to the Cultivation of Highbush Blueberry
Authors: Ochmian Ireneusz , Kozos Karolina , Jaroszewska Anna , Malinowski Ryszard
Published: December 2020

Although there has been an increase in the cultivation of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) worldwide for several years now, the availability of suitable soils for this species remains a problem. Highbush blueberry is a plant that requires acidic soils (pH 3.8–5.5), which are well aerated and have a stable level of groundwater and high humus content. In the present study, substances such as urea phosphate fertilizer, sulfur, sulfuric acid, and phosphogypsum were used to acidify three soils: peat, loamy sand, and loamy silt. The study aimed to lower the pH of the tested soils and optimize this parameter to cultivate highbush blueberry. The resulting changes in pH, content of macro- and micro-elements, and enzymatic activity were evaluated. Acidifying substances mitigated peat and loamy sand’s reaction to highbush blueberry requirements, while the reaction of loamy silt was changed only slightly, which made this soil unsuitable for plant cultivation. Sulfur dust acidified the examined soils rapidly and to the highest degree, followed by urea phosphate and phosphogypsum, while the weakest acidification was achieved with sulfuric acid solutions. The salt concentration of the soil was increased the most by the highest dose of phosphogypsum, which indicated that it could not be used to acidify soil for the cultivation of highbush blueberry. Among the acidifying substances, only urea phosphate showed a stimulating effect on the soils’ enzymatic activity, whereas others did not significantly affect or decrease this parameter.
Effect of Excessive or Restrictive Energy on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Intramuscular Fat Deposition in Finishing Ningxiang Pigs
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Chen Fengming , Lin Xue , Wang Yaodong , He Jianhua , Zhao Yurong
Published: December 2020

This study investigated the effects of excessive or restrictive energy on growth performance, meat quality, intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, and related gene expression in finishing Ningxiang pigs. A total of 36 Ningxiang pigs (43.26 ± 3.21 kg) were randomly assigned to three treatments (6 pens of 2 piglets per treatment) and fed by one of three dietary treatments until the pigs of each treatment weighed approximately 75 kg equally. The three treatments were control diet (digestible energy, DE:13.02 MJ/kg, CON), excessive energy diet (DE 15.22 MJ/kg, EE), and restrictive energy diet (DE 10.84 MJ/kg, RE). Results showed that EE improved average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.01), while nothing significantly changed by RE except FCR increasing (p < 0.01). EE increased the content of IMF and triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), L*24h and b*45min (p < 0.01), while decreasing cooking loss and meat tenderness in longissimus thoracis (LT) (p < 0.05). b*24h was significantly increased with the increase of energy level (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, EE increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of muscle fiber and the mRNA expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIb, acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein (FABP4) (p < 0.05). In addition, throughout: A diet supplemented with excessive energy promoted IMF deposition by positively changing lipogenic potential while decreasing tenderness by increasing glycolytic muscle fibers, which together affected meat quality. In terms of growth performance and meat quality, the present study suggests that the low-energy diet is suitable for finishing Ningxiang pigs.
Characterization of Bacterial Microbiota Composition along the Gastrointestinal Tract in Rabbits
Authors: Cotozzolo Elisa , Cremonesi Paola , Curone Giulio , Menchetti Laura , Riva Federica , Biscarini Filippo , Marongiu Maria Laura , Castrica Marta , Castiglioni Bianca , Miraglia Dino , Luridiana Sebastiano , Brecchia Gabriele
Published: December 2020

The microbiota is extremely important for the animal’s health, but, to date, knowledge on the intestinal microbiota of the rabbit is very limited. This study aimed to describe bacterial populations that inhabit the different gastrointestinal compartments of the rabbit: stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, and colon. Samples of the luminal content from all compartments of 14 healthy New White Zealand rabbits were collected at slaughter and analyzed using next generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing. The findings uncovered considerable differences in the taxonomic levels among the regions of the digestive tract. Firmicutes were the most abundant phylum in all of the sections (45.9%), followed by Bacteroidetes in the large intestine (38.9%) and Euryarchaeota in the foregut (25.9%). Four clusters of bacterial populations were observed along the digestive system: (i) stomach, (ii) duodenum and jejunum, (iii) ileum, and (iv) large intestine. Caecum and colon showed the highest richness and diversity in bacterial species, while the highest variability was found in the upper digestive tract. Knowledge of the physiological microbiota of healthy rabbits could be important for preserving the health and welfare of the host as well as for finding strategies to manipulate the gut microbiota in order to also promote productive performance.
Identification of Yak’s TLR4 Alternative Spliceosomes and Bioinformatic Analysis of TLR4 Protein Structure and Function
Authors: Wang Xingdong , Pei Jie , Bao Pengjia , Liang Chunnian , Chu Min , Guo Shaoke , Yan Ping , Guo Xian
Published: December 2020

In this study, the yak’s TLR4 gene alternative spliceosomes were investigated using PCR amplification and cloning to improve disease-resistance in yak and promote efficient utilization of yak’s resources. qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression levels of two alternatively spliced transcripts of the TLR4 gene in seven distinct tissues. To predict the function of proteins expressed by each TLR4 spliceosome, bioinformatic analysis of yak’s TLR4 protein structure and function was performed, which led to the identification of two alternative spliceosomes of yak’s TLR4 gene. The TLR4-X1 sequence length was 2526 bp, and it encoded full-length TLR4 protein (841 amino acids). The sequence length of the exon-2 deleted TLR4-X2 sequence was 1926 bp, and it encoded truncated TLR4 protein (641 amino acids). TLR4-X2 sequence was consistent with the predicted sequence of the TLR4 gene in GenBank. Each tissue showed significantly different expression levels of these two alternative spliceosomes. As per the bioinformatic analysis of the structure and function of TLR4 protein, deletion of exon-2 in the TLR4 gene resulted in frameshift mutations of the reading frame in the corresponding protein, which altered its ligand-binding and active sites. Besides, biological property such as substrate specificity of truncated TLR4 protein was also altered, leading to altered protein function. This study has laid a theoretical foundation for exploring the role of two variants of the TLR4 gene in yak’s disease resistance. Besides, this study’s data could be analyzed further to explore the molecular mechanism associated with disease-resistance in the yak.
Geographic Spatial Distribution Patterns of Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia pahangi Infection in Community Dogs in Chiang Mai, Thailand
Authors: Kaikuntod Manusvee , Arjkumpa Orapun , Kladkempetch Doolyawat , Fukumoto Shinya , Thongkorn Kriangkrai , Boonyapakorn Chavalit , Punyapornwithaya Veerasak , Tiwananthagorn Saruda
Published: December 2020

Filariasis is emerging as a public health concern in tropical and subtropical areas. Filariasis is an endemic problem commonly found in southeast Asian countries. Using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the ITS1 region with Vsp I, the overall prevalence rates of Dirofilaria immitis (12.2% (41/337); 95% confidence interval: 9.1–16.1%) and Brugia pahangi (8.3% (28/337); 95% confidence interval: 5.8–11.8%) were determined based on 337 free-roaming community dogs from 20 districts in Northern Thailand. Microfilaremia was found in only 6.2% of dogs (21/337). Co-infection with D. immitis and B. pahangi was observed in two dogs. Of the 215 blood samples examined using a Canine Heartworm Ag Kit, only 3.72% (eight dogs) were D. immitis antigen positive. Among these eight, six dogs had occult D. immitis infections. In terms of geographic distribution, we found the abundance of D. immitis and B. pahangi in the central areas at altitudes less than 400 m to be 12.1% and 10.3%, respectively. In contrast, at higher altitudes between 400 and 800 m, a significantly higher number of B. pahangi compared with D. immitis infected individuals were observed at 14.29% and 4.1%, respectively. In conclusion, D. immitis and B. pahangi were the most common filarial infections found in community dogs in Northern Thailand. Dogs might be an important reservoir of B. pahangi in that region. Increasing awareness and concern and including proper deworming programs for community dogs should be endorsed to reduce the transmission risk. Additionally, the population dynamics of the mosquito vector of B. pahangi across altitudinal gradients deserved further investigation.