bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pervasive Undisclosed Conflicts of Interest in Applied Behavior Analysis Autism Literature
Authors: Bottema-Beutel Kristen , LaPoint Shannon Crowley
Published: February 2021

Autistic people (including researchers and non-researchers) are becoming increasingly involved in, and increasingly critical of, autism intervention research. They have expressed concerns regarding applied behavior analysis (ABA) interventions on a number of grounds, one of which is the prevalence of conflicts of interest (COIs) among autism intervention researchers. COIs can introduce bias into the research process, and allow researchers to demonstrate positive effects for interventions that are not actually effective. However, there are no studies to date that examine the prevalence of COIs in behavioral journals. Because ABA services are routinely provided to autistic people as a means to address difficulties associated with autism, this is an important area of investigation. We tallied author COIs in articles published over a one-year period that tested, commented on, or reviewed ABA autism intervention strategies, extracted from eight journals devoted to publishing behavioral research. We coded included studies for COIs related to researcher employment as an ABA clinical provider or a training consultant to ABA clinical providers. We found that 84% of studies had at least one author with this type of COI, but they were only disclosed as COIs in 2% of studies. Additionally, 87% of studies with statements claiming the authors did not have COIs, were authored by researchers found to have clinical/training consultancy COIs. Pervasive, undisclosed COIs likely lead to researcher bias, and could at least partially account for persistent poor quality research in this area. The high prevalence of COIs among this research corroborates the concerns expressed by many autistic people. The autism community-- including autistic people, autism researchers, and other stakeholders-- should be aware of the prevalence of undisclosed COIs in this literature and take this into account when using, providing, or recommending ABA services.
Out-of-home care in childhood and socio-economic functioning in adulthood: ONS Longitudinal Study 1971-2011
Authors: Sacker Amanda , Lacey Rebecca , Maughan Barbara , Murray Emily T
Published: February 2021

BackgroundChildren who spent time in non-parental care report poor outcomes in many aspects of their later lives on average, but less is known about differences by type of care. We examined whether socioeconomic, family, and living arrangements of adults who had been in non-parental care across the first three decades of adult life varied by type of care (residential, non-relative and relative).MethodsWe used longitudinal data from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study (LS). Participants were aged<18 years and had never been married at baseline of each census year from 1971-2001 (n=242,843). Separately for each adult follow-up age (20 to 29; 30 to 39; 40 to 49), multi-level logistic regression models were used to compare socioeconomic, family, and living arrangements by different out-of-home care (OHC) experiences.ResultsAny OHC increased the likelihood of poorer functioning in the three domains of socioeconomic circumstances, family formation and relationships, and living arrangements. This was evident in their 20s, 30s and 40s; the most adverse outcomes were observed for those with a history of residential care, followed by non-relative OHC, and the least adverse outcomes for relative OHC. Moderation by childhood census year, age in OHC, and gender altered the relationship between OHC and some, but not all, adult outcomes. The strongest, most consistent, evidence was for widening of inequalities in age 20-29 outcomes across childhood census years and weakest evidence for any moderation of age 40-49 outcomes by age when in OHC.ConclusionEnduring inequalities in social and economic functioning for OHC-experienced adults were found. The evidence overwhelmingly supports the policy to place children in relative care whenever possible, with residential care the least favoured option.
Bilans zysków i kosztów działań uszczelniających polski system podatkowy w latach 2015–2019
Authors: Jamroży Marcin , Łożykowski Aleksander
Published: February 2021

The paper provides an assessment of measures aimed at tightening up the Polish tax system in 2015–2019. In particular, the positive fiscal effect of limiting the VAT and the CIT gaps as a response to legislative changes is to be noted. On the other hand, the effects of the measures aimed at tightening up the Polish tax system include the adjustment or compliance costs for enterprises and tax administration. Sealing the Polish tax system is an inherently long-term process which, in addition to the original fiscal purpose, constitutes a challenge for the legislator to avoid excessive fragmentation of tax law.
Obszary nieobjęte działaniami uszczelniającymi system podatkowy w Polsce w latach 2015–2019 w zakresie opodatkowania dochodów osób fizycznych – konsekwencje budżetowe, społeczne i gospodarcze
Authors: Kluzek Marta
Published: February 2021

The aim of the article is to review and evaluate selected solutions in the area of personal income tax in terms of their impact on the tax and political gap. The solutions affecting the labour market, taxation of rent and income from real estate transactions were analysed. The author claims that taxation rules for individual sources of income in Poland are not conducive to building tax justice and contribute to deepening the tax gap understood as the sum of the political gap and non-compliance with fiscal rules of taxation by taxpayers.
The effects of binge drinking on healthy and diseased livers
Authors: Rumbolt Colin , Minuk Gerald Y
Published: February 2021

The estimated global prevalence of alcohol abuse is 5%–15%, with 15%–20% of these individuals being considered binge drinkers. Despite the high prevalence, the effects of binge drinking on healthy and diseased livers remain unclear. This review focuses on the effects of binge drinking in adults with otherwise healthy livers and those with a variety of common underlying chronic liver diseases.
Debating Settler Constitutionalism: Consent, Consultation, and Writing a Transatlantic Debate, 1822–1828
Authors: Martinborough Alex
Published: February 2021

In 1822, Robert Wilmot, the undersecretary of state for the colonies, introduced a bill to unite Upper and Lower Canada in the British House of Commons. In doing so, he was proposing not just an intercolonial union but a new constitution. He believed that because the Canadas’ constitution was granted by an Act of Parliament in 1791 it could be changed by Parliament without colonial consultation or consent. Whig parliamentarians and colonists contested this interpretation and raised questions about consent and the status of colonial constitutions. These debates in the 1820s reveal just how muddied thinking about colonial constitutions and consultation had become. Lower Canadian opposition to the bill has received significant attention from historians, yet this attempt at constitutional change also forced Upper Canadians to take unexpected positions, including interpreting the 1791 act as a written charter. Through these transatlantic debates, they were continuing to fashion a settler interpretation of British constitutionalism. This article traces these ideas by examining the movement of news and rumours through emerging, intertwined colonial and imperial public spheres, which illustrate the permeability of the line between public and private information. Inserting this failed constitution-writing effort into the longer history of Canadian constitutions sheds light on the limits to imperial intervention and encourages a broader rethinking of Canadian constitutional histories and the role of empire in a long nineteenth century.
Socio-professional features of student youth in the context of patriotic education
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, V. Yu. Zozulevich , V. V. Pabat ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: February 2021

The article formulated and theoretically substantiated the socioprofessional features of rural youth in the context of patriotic education in agricultural educational institution The article is a stage of research of features of rural youth, their motivation to study in agricultural educational institution, return of youth to rural territories after the received education. The paper highlights the transformation of social and professional identity of rural youth as a result of admission to agricultural educational institution. Socio-professional factors that motivate young people to enter agricultural educational institution are considered, the features of social and professional identity of rural and urban youth are compared.
Analysis of the main provisions on social-psychological rehabilitation of persons affected by emergencies
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Scienсes of Ukraine, N. T Tverezovskа
Published: February 2021

The article substantiates topical issues of extreme situations. The sociopsychological consequences of catastrophes, their impact on the mental health of the population are noted. The tasks that a social worker should solve with victims of extreme situations are highlighted. It highlights the presence of a person in the organization of a traumatic event, as well as its consequences. The types of emergencies regarding their experience by a person are disclosed: shock mental trauma, which are characterized by suddenness, great strength and, as a rule, threatening life and well-being; extreme situations for short-term action, but psychologically very significant; extreme situations of long-term action affecting the basic value orientations of a person.
Analisis Temperatur terhadap Konversi Tepung Jagung ke Molases pada Tahap sakarifikasi
Authors: Mehora Sutrisnawati , Ningsih Surya
Published: February 2021

Temperature sangat mempengaruhi kosentrasi molases dalam menghidrolisis tepung jagung. Kenaikan temperature menyebabkan energy kinetic molekul meningkat. Peningkatan energi yang cukup bagi molekul reaktan akan meningkatkan laju reaksi sehingga semakin tinggi temperature konversi yang diperoleh akan semakin tinggipada temperature yang yang tidak melebihi temperature optimum enzim bekerja. Dalam menghidrolisis tepung jagung ke molases dilakukan tiga tahap yakni, gelatinase, likuifikasi, dan sakarifikasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh nilai kadar molases, massa molases, dan nilai efisiensi. Pada temperatur (40-45) oC kadar molases yang dihasilkan yakni 8,8 %, massa molases 19,33 gr, efisiensi 64%. Pada temperatur (45-50) oC kadar molases yang dihasilkan yakni 11,6 %, massa molases 25,69 gr, dan efisiensi 86%. Pada temperatur (50-55) oC kadar molases yang dihasilkan meningkat menjadi 13 %, massa molases 26,27 gr, dan efisiensi 88%. Pada temperatur (55-60) oC kadar molases lebih meningkat menjadi 14,6 %, massa molases 28,86 gr dan efisiensi 90%.. Ini artinya semakin tinggi temperatur maka kadar molases juga akan semakin bertambah. Pada temperatur rentang (40-45) oC hanya sebagian kecil molekul yang memiliki energi aktivasi yang cukup untuk bertumbukan menghasilkan reaksi, sehingga tepung jagung yang berhasil terhidrolisis lebih sedikit, sebaliknya pada temperatur (55-60) oC energi kinetik molekul naik sehingga menyebabkan peningkatan laju reaksi. Pada temperatur tersebut adalah temperatur optimum enzim gluko amilase bekerja. Hal ini bersesuaian dengan distribusi Maxwell-Boltzmann yang menyatakan bahwa reaksi akan semakin cepat dengan adanya pertambahan temperatur.
TERRACOTTA OIL LAMPS FROM GRAECO-ROMAN MEMPHIS
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Yarmolovich Victoria I. , Chepel Elena Yu. ,   The Center for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Science
Published: February 2021

The article explores 15 terracotta oil lamps found during the archaeological excavations of the Centre for Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Kom Tuman (Memphis, Egypt). The majority of these lamps were made in moulds, and only one — on potter’s wheel. Various types of local Egyptian clays were used for the production of the lamps. Many of the lamps are decorated with various ornaments, such as palms, dolphins, torches, and, possibly, the ‘Macedonian shield’. Similar lamps were widespread in all the territory of Egypt; equally, such lamps appear among archaeological finds in the countries neighbouring with Egypt. The Memphite lamps under study were found in mixed layers and, therefore, we have compared them with analogous lamps from other locations in order to obtain more secure dating. Based on the parallels, we date the lamps to the Ptolemaic and Roman Periods (3rd century B.C. — 3rd century A.D.). The archaeological context of the lamps indicates their possible use in households and/or in temples for illumination of indoor spaces. The lamps are archaeological evidence for the existence of active everyday life at Kom Tuman in Graeco-Roman Period which is also confirmed by other sources. The study of archaeological pottery and of papyri found in the city of Memphis and in adjacent necropoleis shows that even after the foundation of the new Ptolemaic capital Alexandria, Memphis was not abandoned but continued for centuries to be a major administrative and cultic centre. The article includes the catalogue of 15 lamps with descriptions and illustrations.
SECOND MILLENNIUM B.C. CHRONOLOGY AND THE ‘GREAT SETTLEMENT SHANG’ (14TH–11TH CENTURIES B.C.): INTRODUCTION
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of science (MOSCOW), Kuznetsova-Fetisova Marina Е.
Published: February 2021

Second half of the II millennium B.C. can be considered as the time when the first writing system appeared in East Asia in the form of oracle bone inscriptions jiagu wen (甲骨文). For the first time those inscriptions sparked academic interest and received recognition at the end of 19th century, though their place of origin remained a mystery for some time. At the end of the 1920s Archaeological department of Institute of History and Philology Academia Sinica initiated archaeological excavations near modern city of Anyang, Henan province, PRC, because it was implied that the oracle bones with inscriptions had originated there. Archaeological excavations reveled a great ancient center in Anyang, including a cult center, workshops, and cemeteries including royal necropolis. Due to the fact that names of rulers, known from the transmitted texts, were often mentioned in those inscriptions, it was possible to identify the site as the last capital of Shang-Yin dynasty, so-called ‘Great Settlement Shang’ (14th–11th centuries B.C.). All these make the complex rather unique for its time, as it gives us a chance to connect pre-historical and historical data. Researchers managed to determine two relative chronologies (based on archaeological and epigraphic sources) and later to interconnect them and relate to the events mentioned in transmitted texts on early political history. Still, there is a number of problems in correlating those relative chronologies with absolute dates. Up to now the greatest project to coordinate chronology of the II millennium B.C. has been the project “Chronology of the Three Dynasties: Xia–Shang–Zhou” in 1996–2000, initiated by the Chinese political figure Song Jiang. Regardless of some international criticism of the projects’ results, a great number of scholars make use of them in their studies.
Mistrust factor in Pak-Afghan Fluctuating Relations since Beginning
Authors: Anjum Naveed , Malik Muhammad Shoaib , Rabbi Fazal
Published: February 2021

The paper analyzes the fluctuations in Pak-Afghan relations throughout history and impacts of the foreign powers' involvement in their relations. Both have cultural, economic and historical linkages being Muslim and neighbouring countries. Pakistan always tried to strengthen its relations with Afghanistan but the foreign powers' involvement diminishes their mutual trust level. Pak-Afghan relations have never been constant since beginning, although, there are multiple bondage opportunities between them. Afghan President Hamid Karazai once called both states as "Twin Brothers" who do not afford enmity. Terrorism, Durand Line, cross border insurgency and refugee crisis are the main issues between them and both should develop a mechanism to resolve these issues. This mechanism must be too strong that any third country could not interfere. Both should resolve their issues through dialogue and not to blame each other. Bilateral trade and people to people contacts should be increased to enhance their trust.
Corrosion Rate of Black Chromium Coating Result of Electroplating on Copper
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Valeria Sza Sya Monica , Adiwidodo Satworo , Amrullah Utsman Syah , Takwim R.N. Akhsanu , Firmansyah Hilmi Iman
Published: February 2021

The problem faced is that the white chromium coating has a low selling value or aesthetic value than the black chromium layer which is more in demand, especially by the younger generation who prioritizes aesthetics. The purpose of the corrosion test was to determine the corrosion resistance ability of the black chromium coating resulting from the electroplating process on the relationship between the solution temperature and the immersion time of copper in a corrosive solution. Corrosion test methods include literature studies, field observations, weighing specimens, immersing specimens in corrosive solutions, weighing specimens, calculating corrosion rates, and data analyzing. Corrosion test results show that the higher the temperature of the solution and the longer the immersion time, the smaller the corrosion rate for the lowest conditions at 30oC and a duration of 5 minutes with a corrosion rate of 0.2004 mm/year and the highest conditions at a temperature of 50oC and a duration of 9 minutes at a rate of corrosion of 0.0108 mm/year.
Infrastructure Academy Transportation Program
Authors: Hashemian Hassan
Published: February 2021

The College of Engineering, Computer Science, and Technology at the California State University, Los Angeles has expanded its National Summer Transportation Institute into a year-long program by creating the Infrastructure Academy Transportation Program (IATP). The goal of this program is to build a pipeline of diverse, well qualified young people for the transportation industry. The program works with high school students and teachers to offer academic courses, basic skills, workforce readiness training, internships, extracurricular activities, and career placements to prepare students and place them into the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) College track. The academy emphasizes on transportation as an industry sector and aims to increase the number of underrepresented minorities and women who directly enter the transportation workforce. It also aims at increasing the number of young people who enter college to study engineering or technology and subsequently pursue careers in transportation- and infrastructure-related careers. The IATP was conducted as a full-year program with 30 student participants from high schools.
Directed adversarial sampling attacks on phishing detection
Authors: Shirazi Hossein , Bezawada Bruhadeshwar , Ray Indrakshi , Anderson Chuck
Published: February 2021

Phishing websites trick honest users into believing that they interact with a legitimate website and capture sensitive information, such as user names, passwords, credit card numbers, and other personal information. Machine learning is a promising technique to distinguish between phishing and legitimate websites. However, machine learning approaches are susceptible to adversarial learning attacks where a phishing sample can bypass classifiers. Our experiments on publicly available datasets reveal that the phishing detection mechanisms are vulnerable to adversarial learning attacks. We investigate the robustness of machine learning-based phishing detection in the face of adversarial learning attacks.

We propose a practical approach to simulate such attacks by generating adversarial samples through direct feature manipulation. To enhance the sample’s success probability, we describe a clustering approach that guides an attacker to select the best possible phishing samples that can bypass the classifier by appearing as legitimate samples. We define the notion of vulnerability level for each dataset that measures the number of features that can be manipulated and the cost for such manipulation. Further, we clustered phishing samples and showed that some clusters of samples are more likely to exhibit higher vulnerability levels than others. This helps an adversary identify the best candidates of phishing samples to generate adversarial samples at a lower cost. Our finding can be used to refine the dataset and develop better learning models to compensate for the weak samples in the training dataset.
COVID-19 among American Indians and Alaska Natives in the United States: An early look
Authors: Connolly Michele , Jacobs Bette , Notzon Francis C.
Published: February 2021

To date the US has experienced the greatest number of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the world, but the impact has been even greater for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN). Despite numerous disadvantages related to poor socioeconomic status and preexisting health conditions, Tribal sovereignty, community strength and resiliency have been important factors in limiting the burden of disease on Indigenous Americans. AIAN Tribes have repeatedly chosen to protect lives over Tribal income, choosing to close businesses that are the economic lifeblood of the reservations.
Overview: The international group for indigenous health measurement and COVID-19
Authors: Connolly Michele , Griffiths Kalinda , Waldon John , King Malcolm , King Alexandra , Notzon Francis C.
Published: February 2021

The International Group for Indigenous Health Measurement (IGIHM) is a 4-country group established to promote improvements in the collection, analysis, interpretation and dissemination of Indigenous health data, including the impact of COVID-19. This overview provides data on cases and deaths for the total population as well as the Indigenous populations of each country. Brief summaries of the impact are provided for Canada and New Zealand. The Overview is followed by separate articles in this edition with more detailed discussion of the COVID-19 experience in Australia and the US.
Productivity of Tibetan lofant (Agastache rugosa) depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation in the conditions of introduction in the Middle Urals
Authors: Abramchuk A. , Saparklycheva S. , Chulkova V.
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Research on the introduction of lofant (Agastache rugosa) has been conducted by the Department of Crop Production and Breeding of the Ural State Agrarian University since 2013. Studied by sowing seeds in open ground, especially the growth and development of lofant Tibetan background on the various types of mineral fertilizers, the effect of physiologically active substances comparative assessment of the types and varieties of lofant. The research was carried out in the Uralets agricultural farm, located in the Beloyarskiy district of the Sverdlovsk region. Methods. Phenological and biometric observations of plant growth and development were carried out. The method for laying the experience is generally accepted according to B. A. Dospekhov. This article presents the results of the introduction work on the study of the seedling method of cultivation and application of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers, which had the most pronounced effect on productivity, as well as on the structural composition of aboveground biomass – the most important indicator of quality in the preparation of medicinal raw materials. Purpose of research. To identify the features of the formation of productivity of aboveground biomass of the Agastache rugosa in the natural and climatic conditions of the Middle Urals. The task was to study the influence of seedling cultivation method, as well as the introduction of increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers on the productivity and structural composition of aboveground biomass of Agastache rugosa. Results. The study revealed a clear dependence of the productivity of Agastache rugosa on the time of sowing seeds for seedlings: the earlier the sowing period, the higher the productivity. The maximum yield of medicinal raw materials per unit area was obtained in the I variant (seeding on seedlings – March 10) – 25.2 t/ha, the minimum productivity was formed in the IV variant (seeding on seedlings – April 10), it was 16.2 t/ha, which is 35.7 % lower than in the I variant (on average for 2013–2015). It is established that the higher the level of nitrogen nutrition, the greater the biological productivity. The maximum productivity (on average for 2018–2020) was 29.5 t/ha (IV variant – N60 kg/ha). Scientific novelty. For the first time, in the conditions of the Middle Urals, the features of the formation of productivity of Agastache rugosa with the seedling method of cultivation and different levels of nitrogen fertilizers were determined. Established: the optimal time for sowing seeds for seedlings and the dose of nitrogen fertilizers, in which Agastache rugosa provides high productivity with an optimal structure of medicinal raw materials.
Proposta de implementação da ferramenta de gestão de estoque para aumento de vendas na Empresa Rodrigo Autopeças
Authors: Lucas Graziane Simone De Souza , Guedes Hudson Rodrigo Carvalho , Almeida Karina Picanço De , Roberto José Carlos Alves
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo, tem por objetivo “Implementar as ferramentas ABC e 5W2H no setor de estoque da Empresa Rodrigo Autopeças com a finalidade de aumentar as vendas” ampliando assim, a lucratividade. A empresa Rodrigo Autopeças é caracterizada como uma microempresa e atua no ramo de serviços automotivos. Com base neste estudo de caso, o diagnóstico organizacional aponta que a zona crítica está no setor de logística. O estudo teve aprofundamento por meio de técnicas de metodologia e métodos científicos, usados para a construção da pesquisa, também faz uma abordagem quali-quantitativa e tem como fundamento a pesquisa exploratória. E, para dar mais cientificidade ao tema, recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica de autores que abordam o tema proposto. Para dar seguimento ao estudo, constatou-se a necessidade do uso da ferramenta ABC em companhia da ferramenta 5W2H como forma de melhorias na organização do ambiente, visto que os funcionários ficarão bem treinados e terão uma visão ordenada de onde estará estocado os insumos e materiais para a prestação de um serviço de qualidade aos seus clientes, melhorando o atendimento e consequentemente impulsionando as vendas na empresa Rodrigo Autopeças.
Gestão hospitalar na segurança do paciente: Estudo no Hospital Geral de Barcelos/AM
Authors: Praia Suely Abitbol , Souza Andrea Lanza Cordeiro de , Pereira Lia Bastos Gonçalves , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , Lima Orlem Pinheiro de , Oliveira Júnior Nilson José de , Araújo Paulo César Diniz de , Zogahib André Luiz Nunes , Santiago Sandro Breval , Araújo Elias Moraes de
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo, construído por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de experiência profissional, considerando a possibilidade de analisar indicadores que ainda não receberam tratamento científico, tem, como objetivo, discutir sobre a gestão hospitalar no que toca à segurança do paciente a partir do trabalho desenvolvido no Hospital Geral de Barcelos/AM. O interesse pelo debate proposto se justifica em função do conhecimento, propiciado pela prática profissional, de que todos os pacientes admitidos em um serviço de saúde estão sujeitos a determinados incidentes relacionados à assistência hospitalar (que não estão vinculados à sua doença de base), situação que pode afetar a saúde e recuperação dos usuários desta política pública. Pode-se citar, como exemplo desta realidade, os pacientes que realizam cirurgias para remoção de cálculos na vesícula biliar, os quais estão expostos, após o procedimento cirúrgico, a uma queda da maca durante o transporte do Centro Cirúrgico para a enfermaria, levando à fratura do fêmur, o que pode, consequentemente, resultar na prolongação do tempo de internação. Como forma de reduzir estas e outras situações de risco, o Programa Nacional de Segurança do Paciente (PNSP) foi lançado no Brasil em 2013, tendo contribuído para a qualificação dos cuidados com a saúde em todos os estabelecimentos do país, destacando o trabalho da gestão local e dos profissionais atuantes na unidade hospitalar em questão, o qual, atualmente, responde pelos maiores cuidados com a saúde neste território. Nesta perspectiva, será evidenciada, como principal resultado na segurança do paciente, a implantação das ações do PNSP no município de Barcelos/AM, bem como versa-se sobre a organização de um checklist contendo o passo a passo a ser seguido pelos profissionais, intervenção esta que tem contribuído para a diminuição dos riscos ao público, direcionada, sobretudo, aos equipamentos de saúde nesta localidade.
Intersetorialidade como estratégia da gestão pública: um estudo de caso sobre do Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Gonçalves Jaqueline de Oliveira , Oliveira Júnior Nilson José de , Lima Orlem Pinheiro de , Araújo Paulo César Diniz de , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , Souza Andréa Lanza Cordeiro de , Zogahib André Luiz Nunes
Published: February 2021

Este artigo resulta de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e estudo de caso e versa à respeito da “Intersetorialidade como estratégia de gestão pública: um estudo de caso acerca do trabalho executado no programa bolsa família”. Tem por objetivo refletir à respeito da relevância do trabalho intersetorial, como sendo uma estratégia de gestão pública, trazendo, como exemplo, o Programa Bolsa Família, desenvolvido pelo Ministério da Cidadania, Ministério da Saúde e Ministério da Educação. Tal programa visa melhorar as condições de vida das famílias em situação de pobreza e extrema pobreza no Brasil. Por meio do estudo, pretendeu-se dissertar acerca da historicidade da Gestão Pública, compreender sobre intersetorialidade, conhecer e identificar as ações intersetoriais desenvolvidas no Programa Bolsa Família e avaliar os resultados alcançados das áreas envolvidas. Foi possível perceber, como principais resultados, a redução da extrema pobreza, redução na mortalidade infantil, a diminuição da desnutrição e redução do abandono escolar, tendo a intersetorialidade como fundamental estratégia para intensificar os resultados.
Movimento Sindical: O desafio de identificar, atrair, desenvolver novas lideranças em um ambiente de transformação das relações trabalhistas
Authors: Menezes Alexsander Soares , Selva Carlos Alberto La
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise conjuntural da atuação sindical pós reforma trabalhista, dentro da perspectiva de sua existência como uma organização, estabelecendo paralelos entre os sindicatos e organizações convencionais, contextualizando suas deficiências históricas na identificação, atração, formação e renovação dos seus quadros de liderança. Objetiva-se com este artigo indicar ações que potencializem as competências das lideranças sindicais, em consonância com as práticas de capacitações utilizadas por organizações convencionais, possibilitando reduzir suas fraquezas, neutralizando ameaças e explorando as oportunidades identificadas ao longo do seu desenvolvimento. Para a elaboração deste artigo foram utilizadas pesquisas bibliográficas em livros e artigos de autores ligados aos movimentos sindicais, estudos sociológicos além de entrevistas com lideranças ativas das entidades de representação dos trabalhadores dos Correios no estado do Paraná. O estudo concluiu que entidades sindicais como o SINTCOM-PR são organizações cuja complexidade extrapola, em muito, os arraigados conceitos e estudos sobre os processos de gestão de pessoas em especial nas funções de prospecção e capacitação de lideranças, tornando urgente uma mudança de mentalidade e nos paradigmas que estão vigentes na entidade e suas similares.
A importância do orçamento participativo para o Município de Tapauá – AM
Authors: Silva Darkson Ferreira da , Oliveira Júnior Nilson José de , Lima Orlem Pinheiro de , Araújo Paulo César Diniz de , Maduro Márcia Ribeiro , Souza Andréa Lanza Cordeiro de , Zogahib André Luiz Nunes , Santiago Sandro Breval , Araújo Elias Moraes de
Published: February 2021

O Orçamento Participativo trata-se de um mecanismo governamental de democracia participativa que atribui, aos cidadãos, a capacidade de influenciar ou decidir a respeito dos orçamentos públicos, geralmente o Orçamento de Investimentos. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a importância do Orçamento Participativo como ferramenta indispensável para alocação dos recursos públicos, assim, pretende-se entender a real importância dessa ferramenta para sociedade Tapauaense. Tapauá está localizado na Região Norte do país, ao sul de Manaus, distante 448,49 km em linha reta da capital do estado, sendo a sua população estimada em 17.299 habitantes pelo (IBGE 2018), tendo como principal meio econômico o setor primário. Esse trabalho realizou-se a partir de um estudo múltiplo de casos, enfocando grupos sociais distintos, escolhidos por sua importância para a sociedade. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas estruturadas e grupos focais, com um total de 100 pessoas, compreendendo 1,72% da população de um universo total de 17.299 habitantes. O resultado obtido destaca a importância do Orçamento Participativo para o Município de Tapauá-AM, pois, a partir do mesmo, a população contribuiria significativamente para melhor alocação dos recursos orçamentários disponíveis para investimentos.
Jogos digitais para aprendizagem multidisciplinar: Experiências e prospecções
Authors: Costa Anselmo Augusto Fernandes
Published: February 2021

Considerando o modelo de educação seguido no Brasil, conteudista, onde as práticas pedagógicas seguem um fluxo focado em apenas abordar o conteúdo curricular, limitando o aluno a apenas fazer tarefas, anotar, mantendo-o em uma situação cômoda, ao mesmo tempo limitada, onde a apatia e a falta de interação professor-aluno e aluno-aluno são fatos, pretende-se com este artigo apresentar problemas e propor alternativas que têm dado certo em uma escola estadual localizada no município de Belém do Pará, região norte do Brasil, onde os recursos são escassos, porém com a boa vontade de alguns profissionais da educação, estimulando a aprendizagem baseada em jogos, adaptando estes jogos a livros didáticos, explorado o potencial dos alunos (com alguma deficiência ou não), aplicando Metodologias Ativas, objetiva-se com este trabalho apresentar resultados de interesse e engajamento deles em aprender por meio de jogos de aprendizagem onde há competição, interação e sinergia em sala de aula. Apresentar-se-á neste trabalho o cenário, as abordagens, os sujeitos e objetos desta investigação, instrumentos de coleta, análise de dados levantados pelo autor e pelos alunos participantes, além do reconhecimento por parte da comunidade científica da relevância dos jogos de aprendizagem para a Educação Básica.
Jogos digitais e sua relação como o conhecimento matemático
Authors: Viana Suzana Nery , Correia Fernando Luís de Sousa , Martins Janice  Maria de  Lima
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a importância dos jogos digitais como ferramenta pedagógica, que pode estimular o aprendizado e amenizar as dificuldades encontradas pela maioria dos estudantes no ensino da Matemática. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica de obras de diversos teóricos que versam sobre o tema: os jogos digitais e sua relação com o conhecimento matemático. Nesse sentido, esse estudo é relevante por se tratar de um assunto que tem inquietado toda a sociedade, sendo de fundamental importância a apropriação dos recursos tecnológicos pedagógicos pelo professor, visando uma aprendizagem satisfatória. Como resultado desse estudo, aponta-se que a escola pode e deve promover momentos de formação docente, levando o professor a inserir-se no mundo digital.
Impersonal constructions with personal reference.
Authors: Lindström Liina , Nau Nicole , Spraunienė Birutė , Laugalienė Asta
Published: February 2021

This paper explores referential features of deleted actors in impersonal passive and impersonal constructions in three languages: Latvian, Lithuanian and Estonian. Though cross-linguistically passive or impersonal verb forms of intransitive verbs are generally associated with indefinite human agency, our study shows that this correlation is not absolute: in the investigated languages passives and impersonals of intransitives, apart from generic and indefinite actors, may also imply contextually given, definite actors, and for some constructions, e.g. Estonian impersonals with the auxiliary saama ‘get’, this is actually their main use. Data for our study comes from large comparable corpora of web resources. In a small quantitative study we determine the factors that condition a personal use of an impersonal verb form in the three languages. The most important factors are verbal lexeme (certain lexemes show a greater preference for certain types of covert actors), as well as construction type: of two formally distinct impersonal (passive) constructions, one is preferred in non-impersonal functions where the covert actor is a contextually given person.
Estratificación del riesgo de coledocolitiasis. Experiencia de su manejo durante cinco años en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo
Authors: Marín-López José de Jesús , Flores-Álvarez Efrén , Gómez-Arámbulo Ramiro , De la Torre Gonzáles José Cruz , Chávez Fernández Danyel , Rodríguez Osuna José Augusto , Olivares del Moral Josué Israel
Published: February 2021

Introducción: la coledocolitiasis se desarrolla en el 8% al 18% de los pacientes con colecistitis litiásica. El diagnóstico se establece con base en los criterios de la American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE). En pacientes con alto riesgo, el tratamiento sugerido es colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE), aunque la exploración quirúrgica de la vía biliar (EVB) ha demostrado resultados similares en cuanto a efectividad y complicaciones. Aún existe controversia respecto a la mejor opción de tratamiento. Objetivo: análisis y descripción de nuestra experiencia en el manejo de pacientes con alto riesgo de coledocolitiasis en el Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo en un periodo de 5 años. Metodología: estudio tipo serie casos, retrospectivo, descriptivo, analítico y comparativo de pacientes con alto riesgo de coledocolitiasis, generando dos grupos con base al tratamiento: colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) o exploración de vía biliar (EVB). Descripción de variable cualitativas y cuantitativas con porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central, chi cuadrada para variables categóricas, t Student o U Mann-Whitney según normalidad de los datos. Resultados: muestra de 76 pacientes con alto riesgo de coledocolitiasis, 55 (72.37%) de sexo femenino y 21 (27.63%) masculino. Media de edad 43 años (DS±19.07). La CPRE fue terapéutica en 41 casos (56.94%), no terapéutica en 31 (vía biliar no permeable, n=20; ausencia de lito, n=11) y no se realizó CPRE en 4 casos. Se trataron 24 pacientes con EVB, resolviéndose 95%. Sin asociación entre tipo de abordaje y complicaciones (p=0.823). La pancreatitis post-CPRE se encontró en 18.42%. Estancia hospitalaria con CPRE fue 9 días (± 12, 2-87) y con EVB 8±5 días (2-21). Conclusión: el procedimiento con más casos resueltos en nuestro medio es la EVB. Decidir la estrategia de tratamiento dependerá de la experiencia e insumos en cada institución.
Prevalencia de síndrome del túnel del carpo en pacientes referidos con diagnóstico de dedo en gatillo en una Unidad de Atención Ambulatoria
Authors: Torres-Cisneros Esaú Nefthaly , Mojarro-Cisneros Miguel Ángel , Gallego-Hermosillo Luis Armando , García-Juárez Francisco Eduardo
Published: February 2021

El síndrome del túnel del carpo y el dedo en gatillo son dos patologías relativamente comunes dentro de la etapa activa de la vida, causantes de ausentismo laboral y discapacidad funcional. Aunque estas entidades tienen diferentes presentaciones clínicas y suelen coexistir con frecuencia en la misma mano, su causa exacta y la relación interactiva aún no están claras. En este artículo se presenta un estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes que fueron enviados con diagnóstico de dedo en gatillo al turno vespertino de la Unidad Médica de Atención Ambulatoria de Aguascalientes durante el periodo de enero 2018 a febrero 2020, con el objetivo de evaluar la presencia concomitante de dicho diagnóstico con síndrome del túnel del carpo. Resultados: se incluyeron 159 pacientes enviados con diagnóstico de dedo en gatillo, con una edad promedio de 51.8 años. Se realizaron 26 estudios de electromiografía para conﬁrmar diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel del carpo entre los pacientes con presencia de dedo en gatillo, que reﬁrieron sintomatología compatible, de los cuales 19 estudios (73%) reportaron datos compatibles con el diagnóstico, con predominio en mujeres de entre 40 y 62 años, con una prevalencia del 19.1% en mujeres dentro este rango de edad. Conclusión: recomendamos la búsqueda intencionada de síndrome de túnel del carpo, de manera clínica o con estudios de electrodiagnóstico, en mujeres mayores de 40 años que presenten dedo en gatillo.
Robust Sliding Mode Control for a 2-DOF Lower Limb Exoskeleton Base on Linear Extended State Observer
Authors: CHEN Zhenlei , GUO Qing , YAN Yao , JIANG Dan
Published: February 2021

For the 2- Degree of Freedom (DOF) lower limb exoskeleton, to ensure the system robustness and dynamic performance, a linear-extended-state-observer-based (LESO) robust sliding mode control is proposed to not only reduce the influence of parametric uncertainties, unmodeled dynamics, and external disturbance but also estimate the unmeasurable real-time joint angular velocity directly. Then, via Lyapunov technology, the stability of the corresponding LESO and controller is proven. The appropriate and reasonable simulation was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed LESO and exoskeleton controller.
Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of PVDF and PVDF/PMMA Blends
Authors: SONG Jianbin , CAI Yuan , ZHANG Bin , TANG Lixin , SHI Rongrong , SUN Haiyan , WANG Liang , YAN Yonghuan
Published: February 2021

Background: poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVDF and PVDF/PMMA blends have been investigated with a focus on the crystal structure, immiscibility and mechanical properties. However, few reports were found on the crystallization behaviors of PVDF and PVDF/PMMA blends, especially on crystallization kinetics. The article is to report the research on isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics for PVDF and PVDF/PMMA blends using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results: Besides crystallization temperature and isothermal crystallization activation energy, the Avrami equation exponent of PVDF in blends decreased compared with pure PVDF. The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PVDF and PVDF/PMMA (70:30) blends were investigated by Ozawa equation, Jeziorny method and crystallization rate constant (CRC) in detail. The nonisothermal crystallization energy of pure PVDF and its blends were determined by the Kissinger and Vyazovkin’s method. Conclusion: The nucleation and growth mechanism of PVDF in blends changed compared with pure PVDF. The Ozawa equation is not applicable in nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PVDF and PVDF/PMMA blends. The decreasing of crystallization ability of PVDF in blends were found and confirmed by CRC and the decline of crystallization rate constant in Jeziorny method. Such is opposite to the results of Kissinger’s and Vyazovkin’s method, chances are that these two methods were not used to calculate the nonisothermal crystallization activation energy where the nucleation process was influenced.
Synthesis and Thermotropic of PAMEs Based on 1-Phenethyl-4-Piperidone Moiety
Authors: Alkskas ISMAIL A. , Abayo AMNA A.
Published: February 2021

New poly(azomethine-ether)s PAMEs containing 1-phenethyl-4-piperidone moiety have been synthesized through a solution polymerization of various diformyl-a,w-diphenoxyalkanes, I-IV with 3,5-bis(p-aminobenzylidene)-1-Phenethyl-4-piperidone VI. The structures of these polymers were confirmed using spectroscopic techniques. The inherent viscosities of the resulting polymers were found to range from 0.65 to 0.95 dl/g. The solubility of the PAMEs was estimated, showing good solubility in aprotic solvents. The thermal properties of the PAMEs were also evaluated by DSC technique. Liquid crystalline state of the polymers was observed on polarizing microscope exhibiting nematic phase for most of the synthesized polymers.
Distribución comercial y marketing en el sector turístico cubano.
Authors: Díaz Medina Antonio
Published: February 2021

Un análisis de la distribución comercial y el marketing en el sector turístico cubano como factores a tener en cuenta en la tendencia decreciente de varios indicadores claves del destino Cuba. Profundiza en la situación peculiar de Cuba para la aplicación del marketing en la gestión de los sectores de la economía, en particular el turismo, incluida la variable objeto de análisis en la investigación que se lleva a cabo, la distribución comercial.
Gestión de mercados en el destino Holguín para favorecer un desarrollo turístico sostenible
Authors: Medina Labrada Justa Ramona , Clarke Bloomfield Merlinda , Pérez Ricardo Elizabeth del Carmen
Published: February 2021

La gestión eficaz de los mercados en un destino turístico es indispensable y básico para obtener resultados satisfactorios y crecientes en el desarrollo sostenible del mismo, por lo que los gestores de organizaciones y destinos deben evaluar y mejorar permanentemente la gestión de sus mercados. El destino turístico Holguín posee una marcada dependencia de un pequeño número de mercados, requiriéndose encaminar acciones para gestionar con efectividad cada uno y el conjunto de ellos, de manera que se consoliden y diversifiquen los mismos y se favorezca la gestión sostenible del turismo en el territorio, por lo cual la investigación se planteó el objetivo de evaluar la gestión de los mercados del destino Holguín y proponer estrategias para favorecer su desarrollo. Al no encontrar en la literatura revisada ningún procedimiento adecuado para los fines de la presente investigación, se propuso uno nuevo. El mismo abarca el análisis de la estructura de mercados actual, la evaluación de la cuota de los mercados de los competidores, la caracterización amplia de los mercados, la elaboración de escenarios para los mercados seleccionados y la propuesta de estrategias, acciones y recomendaciones generales, a partir de la utilización de métodos y técnicas convenientes para cada paso. Como resultado se propusieron un conjunto de estrategias y acciones para los tres mercados principales y un grupo de recomendaciones generales para mejorar la gestión de mercados en el destino Holguín y contribuir a su desarrollo sostenible.