bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of e-learners’ time and learning performance beyond quantitative time-on-task
Authors: Romero Margarida , Barberà Elena
Published: November 2016

Along with the amount of time spent learning (or time-on-task), the quality of learning time has a real influence on learning performance. Quality of time in online learning depends on students’ time availability and their willingness to devote quality cognitive time to learning activities. However, the quantity and quality of the time spent by adult e-learners on learning activities can be reduced by professional, family, and social commitments. Considering that the main time pattern followed by most adult e-learners is a professional one, it may be beneficial for online education programs to offer a certain degree of flexibility in instructional time that might allow adult learners to adjust their learning times to their professional constraints. However, using the time left over once professional and family requirements have been fulfilled could lead to a reduction in quality time for learning. This paper starts by introducing the concept of quality of learning time from an online student-centred perspective. The impact of students’ time-related variables (working hours, time-on-task engagement, time flexibility, time of day, day of week) is then analyzed according to individual and collaborative grades achieved during an online master’s degree program. The data show that both students’ time flexibility (r = .98) and especially their availability to learn in the morning are related to better grades in individual (r = .93) and collaborative activities (r = .46).
Investigating instructional strategies for using social media in formal and informal learning
Authors: Chen Baiyun , Bryer Thomas
Published: November 2016

Despite the high popularity of personal use of online social media, a low percentage of students and instructors use them for educational purposes. This qualitative study explores the use of social media among faculty in the discipline of public administration in the United States. Eight instructors participated in telephone interviews about their experiences and perceptions of using social media for teaching and learning. Instructors perceive that informal learning using social media could be facilitated by instructors and integrated into formal learning environments for enriched discussions, increased engagement, and broad connections. This study provides qualitative empirical support for social learning theories while offering strategies for and examples of how social media can be used to connect formal and informal learning.
An open education resource supports a diversity of inquiry-based learning
Authors: Schmidt-Jones Catherine Anne
Published: November 2016

There have been numerous calls for research that demonstrates how open education resources (OERs) are actually being used. This case study sought to shed light on the users of a well-visited set of modular music-education materials published at Connexions. Respondents to a voluntary survey included teachers, students, self-directed learners, music ensemble participants, and casual learners. Most reported accessing individual modules on their own initiative, as part of a specific, immediate inquiry, rather than responding to institutional directives or following entire online courses. This was supported by computer-log records, which showed that most visitors to a module arrived from an Internet search for terms specific to that module. The study suggests that, for teachers and students as well as self-directed learners, one function of OERs is as a resource for just-in-time, inquiry-based learning.
Odyssey of the mind: Social networking in a cyberschool
Authors: Barbour Michael K , Plough Cory
Published: November 2016

K-12 online learning and cyber charter schools have grown at a tremendous rate over the past decade. At the same time, these online programs have struggled to provide the social spaces where students can interact that K-12 schools are traditionally able to provide. Social networking presents a unique opportunity to provide these kinds of social interactions in an online environment. In this article, we trace the development and use of social networking at one cyber charter school to extend the space for online instruction and provide opportunities for social interaction that online schools are often unable to provide.
Using self-efficacy to assess the readiness of nursing educators and students for mobile learning
Authors: Kenny Richard F , Van Neste-Kenny Jocelyne MC , Burton Pamela A , Park Caroline L , Qayyum Adnan
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study was to assess the self-efficacy of nursing faculty and students related to their potential use of mobile technology and to ask what implications this technology has for their teaching and learning in practice education contexts. We used a cross-sectional survey design involving students and faculty in two nursing education programs in a western Canadian college. In January, 2011, 121 faculty members and students completed the survey. Results showed a high level of ownership and use of mobile devices among our respondents. The median mobile self-efficacy score was 75 on a scale of 100, indicating that both faculty and students were highly confident in their use of mobile technologies and prepared to engage in mobile learning.
A rapid auto-indexing technology for designing readable e-learning content
Authors: Yu Pao-Ta , Liao Yuan-Hsun , Su Ming-Hsiang , Cheng Po-Jen , Pai Chun-Hsuan
Published: November 2016

A rapid scene indexing method is proposed to improve retrieval performance for students accessing instructional videos. This indexing method is applied to anchor suitable indices to the instructional video so that students can obtain several small lesson units to gain learning mastery. The method also regulates online course progress. These anchored points not only provide students with fast access to specific material but also can link to certain quizzes or problems to show the interactive e-learning content that course developers deposited in the learning management system, which enhances the learning process. This allows students to click on the anchored point to repeat their lesson, or work through the quizzes or problems until they reach formative assessment. Hence, their learning can be guided by the formative assessment results.
Development of ODL in a newly industrialised country according to face-to-face contact, ICT, and e-readiness
Authors: Van Zyl J Marinda , Els Christoffel Johannes , Blignaut A Seugnet
Published: November 2016

A large number of unqualified and under-qualified in-service teachers are holding back socio-economical development in South Africa, a newly industrialized country. Open and distance learning (ODL) provides an innovative strategy and praxis for developing and newly industrialized countries to reach their educational and socio-economical objectives through professional development and training. In order to examine factors which affect the success of ODL offered by the North-West University in South Africa, a qualitative and quantitative research approach is used. Factors examined include face-to-face classroom contact, the implementation and use of ICTs, and e-readiness. The relationships between these factors are also discussed. A questionnaire was administered to 87 teacher-students in four Advanced Certificate in Education (ACE) programs to collect quantitative data regarding aspects of their classes and the e-readiness of students. This data was qualitatively elaborated upon by three semi-structured, open-ended focus-group interviews. Besides descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank-order correlations (r) were determined between variables pertaining to negative feelings towards face-to-face classroom contact, ODL as students’ choice of delivery mode, and students’ positive attitude towards information and communication technology (ICT). Combined quantitative and qualitative findings were used to evaluate the effectiveness of contact classes as well as the e-readiness of students towards the attainment of ODL development Phase D. This phase refers to UNESCO’s description of ICT implementation, integration, and use. Relationships (Spearman’s rank-order correlations) between ODL, as teacher-students’ choice of educational delivery mode, and aspects of their e-readiness suggest that the e-readiness of teacher-students is implicit to their choice of ODL as educational delivery mode for professional development.
Estudos discursivos da intolerância: o ator da enunciação excessivo
Authors: Barros Diana Luz Pessoa de
Published: November 2016

Este trabalho tenta sustentar as hipóteses de que os discursos intolerantes consideram o “diferente” como o que rompe pactos e acordos sociais, por não ser humano, por ser contrário à natureza, doente e sem ética ou estética, e que, por isso mesmo, é temido, odiado, sancionado negativamente e punido.  Por sua vez, os discursos de aceitação e inclusão, que a eles se contrapõem, são elaboradoscom estratégias, temas e valores contrários aos acima. Seus contratos são os de multilinguismo, mestiçagem, diversidade sexual, pluralidade religiosa, e não mais de pureza das línguas, de branqueamento da sociedade, de heterossexualidade, de identidade religiosa. A partir daí, examina, especificamente, os discursos intolerantes de sites e blogs da internet, que se caracterizam como discursos do excesso, ou mesmo pela exacerbação do excesso, e por se apresentarem, sobretudo, como discursos de intolerância ao intolerável.Essa intensificação do excesso decorre dos traços específicos dos discursos na internet e, ainda, de procedimentos discursivos diversos, dentre os quais se destacam a forte figurativização dos temas e o emprego de recursos retóricos, como o do argumento do excesso, com suas hipérboles, metáforas e metonímias.
Estereótipos e desigualdades sociais: contribuições da psicilogia social à análise do discurso
Authors: Brunelli Anna Flora
Published: November 2016

Neste trabalho, procuramos demonstrar como estudos de Psicologia Social podem servir aos interesses da Análise do Discurso, dadas as reflexões que promovem sobre o conteúdo e sobre as funções que exercem certos estereótipos presentes nos discursos, incluindo aí esclarecimentos sobre o modo como os estereótipos podem colaborar, à sua maneira, para a manutenção da desigualdade social. Para tanto, apresentamos inicialmente algumas teses desenvolvidas no âmbito da Psicologia Social sobre o tema, com destaque para a “Teoria da Justificação do Sistema”; posteriormente, tratamos de empregá-las para avaliar estereótipos presentes em dois tipos distintos de discursos, o que nos permite revelar aspectos não evidentes desses discursos. Os resultados confirmam, assim, a pertinência desse intercâmbio teórico.
Identidade nacional e exclusão racial
Authors: Fiorin Jose Luiz
Published: November 2016

Proclama-se, com muita frequência, que, no Brasil não há racismo, porque somos uma sociedade mestiça, fundada, pois, na mistura. Este trabalho pretende mostrar que essa autodescrição da cultura brasileira encobre, de fato, um racismo profundamente arraigado na formação social brasileira, porque a mistura não prescinde da existência de triagens, ou seja, há elementos que não são aceitos na mistura. Analisando romances do século XIX que defendiam os ideais abolicionistas ou que vergastavam os preconceitos contra os mulatos, revela-se que eles contêm, em sua organização semântica de base, ideias racistas. A defesa dos ideais abolicionistas e o combate ao preconceito contra os mulatos não significam o acolhimento dos valores da negritude dentro da concepção de mistura com que se pensa a nação brasileira. O branqueamento, considerado uma melhoria da conformação racial brasileira, deixa subentendido que nossa sociedade se organizou sobre as bases da exclusão e não da participação racial.
Língua, cultura e imaginários: singular e plural em conflito nos materiais didáticos de português para estrangeiros
Authors: Salgado Luciana Salazar , Boschi Helena
Published: November 2016

Partindo de uma perspectiva discursiva em diálogo com pesquisas recentes da sociolinguística e da linguística aplicada, temos como objetivo investigar a construção e a difusão de imaginários de língua e de cultura, focalizando o primeiro livro da coleção Brasil Intercultural (Ciclo Básico, nível 1 e 2 - MOREIRA; BARBOSA; CASTRO, 2014). São examinadas, assim, propostas de atividade. Os dados mostram um conflito entre um posicionamento progressista e um posicionamento conservador ao longo do material, o que, segundo nossa hipótese, é um efeito da circulação de discursos no espaço público: enquanto estudos da linguagem mostram cada vez mais a complexidade das estruturas linguísticas e da diversidade de usos em conjunturas variadas, no mercado editorial, os próprios autores e o público consumidor são atravessados por um imaginário de língua e de cultura que estabelece uma relação biunívoca entre elas, calcada na noção de que uma língua é um código estável característico das trocas definidoras de um território nacional.
A voz humana na era das redes sociais
Authors: Piovezani Carlos , Salazar Philippe-Joseph
Published: November 2016

Encontram-se aqui, inicialmente, uma breve apresentação das razões que conduziram um conjunto de estudos consagrados à análise dos usos e efeitos da voz no discurso político eleitoral brasileiro à proposta de uma pesquisa situada na confluência entre a Análise do discurso e a História das ideias linguísticas sobre os discursos que tratam da voz humana; e, em seguida, uma entrevista sobre a voz, sobre sua importância e seus empregos no contexto da atual onipresença das redes sociais, sobre as obras fundamentais que já refletiram acerca da voz e sobre os riscos de sua perda para a espécie humana com o Prof. Philippe-Joseph Salazar, Distinguished Professor of Rhetoric da Universidade do Cabo, na África do Sul, que é um reconhecido especialista em ópera, voz humana, antropologia social e cultural e interfaces entre retórica e filosofia e cuja formação contou com grandes mestres do pensamento francês dos anos de 1960 e 1970, tais como Louis Althusser, Georges Dumézil, Roland Barthes, Michel Maffesoli e Emmanuel Levinas.
História sociopolítica da língua portuguesa, de Carlos Alberto Faraco (São Paulo, Parábola Editorial, 2016, 400 pp.).
Authors: Bagno Marcos
Published: November 2016

Resenha de "História sociopolítica da língua portuguesa" de Carlos Alberto Faraco
Gone without the verb: clitic interpolation and clitic climbing in the history of European Portuguese
Authors: Andrade Aroldo Leal de , Namiuti-Temponi Cristiane
Published: November 2016

Previous studies have reported that clitic interpolation and clitic climbing change according to three stages in the history of European Portuguese. In this paper we develop the idea that these phenomena are deeply intertwined in the diachrony of Portuguese once they are related through the notion “clitic position” and reflect a general strategy for clitics to stay outside the focus domain of the clause. In order to provide a unified explanation for interpolation and climbing, we follow a quantitative methodology using the Tycho Brahe Corpus of Historical Portuguese. Moreover, developing some ideas about the Force-Fin system, in the Generative Grammar framework, we put forward a formal approach to the diachronic change having taken place between Old Portuguese and Classical Portuguese. Considering that clitic position reflects the category hosting the clitic, we argue that the availability of XP interpolation and of obligatory clitic climbing in Old Portuguese are different consequences of more basic structural principles, such as the V-to-Fin movement, which is dependent on the role of left-peripheral elements in the Old Portuguese grammar. Therefore the clitic could occur either in Force or in Fin, in order to mark the relative presuppositional nature of clitics with respect to different left-peripheral elements. In Classical Portuguese, we defend that XP interpolation paved the way for Neg interpolation because of the loss of V-to-Fin movement in embedded contexts; by then clitic climbing started to reflect a number of criteria related to topicality. Finally, in Modern European Portuguese, the gradual loss of Neg interpolation and the marked status of clitic climbing can be seen as further consequences of the loss of V-to-Fin movement.
O emprego de vírgula como um recurso discursivo na escrita do português clássico
Authors: Yano Cynthia
Published: November 2016

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender melhor o funcionamento do sistema de pontuação do português, dos séculos XVI ao XIX, focalizando o emprego de vírgula antes de orações completivas verbais. A escolha desse contexto de uso da vírgula não foi fortuita e se deu pela variação no uso de vírgula observada em textos literários escritos e publicados na época, e pela dificuldade dos gramáticos, até o início do século XVIII, em definir a distinção entre as orações completivas e relativas e, portanto, o uso de vírgula nesses tipos de construções também.Para tanto, foi selecionado um corpus composto por 14 textos de autores portugueses nascidos no mesmo período, do século XVI ao XIX. E, após a análise dos dados, observou-se que a maioria das orações tinha como regente um verbo do tipo dicendi, ou de pensamento, típicos de discurso relatado. Isso levou à hipótese de que a vírgula possuía uma função a mais, de introduzir um discurso relatado - além das já descritas pelos gramáticos -, corroborada pelo fato de, nos mesmos textos, haver ocorrências com dois pontos, já descritos como tendo a função primeira de introduzir citações, precedidos pelos mesmos verbos. Além de introduzir um relato, o uso de vírgula nos textos quinhentistas, embora à primeira vista pareça aleatório, poderia ser motivado pela presença ou não de um elemento interpolado, um sujeito ou uma oração, seguindo o verbo.Ademais, notou-se que, a partir do século XVIII, há uma queda progressiva na porcentagem de ocorrências com orações completivas precedidas por vírgula, quando tal uso não-convencional da vírgula teria caído em desuso. Ou seja, apesar do que as gramáticas da época mostram e alguns estudos, como o de Rocha (1997), afirmam, o modo de empregar a vírgula teria sofrido modificações desde a primeira metade do século XVIII.
Aquisição de leitura/escrita: uma interpretação discursivamente orientada da relação voluntário/automático
Authors: Freire Fernanda Maria Pereira , Bordin Sonia Sellin
Published: November 2016

Discutimos as particularidades do processo de aquisição de leitura e escrita do sujeito RM, em acompanhamento fonoaudiológico dos 8 aos 12 anos em virtude de queixas de dificuldades escolares, e as diferenças entre seu desempenho na escrita e na leitura, com base nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Neurolinguística Discursiva, em especial, o conceito de palavra e a relação refletido/voluntário e irrefletido/automático apresentados por Freud em seu texto sobre as Afasias. A análise dos dados mostra que ao final do acompanhamento o sujeito apresentava um desempenho melhor na leitura do que na escrita - que passou a ser mais produtiva quando silenciosa -, diferente do que ocorria no início do processo; e que a sua escrita ainda apresenta problemas de ortografia, acentuação, pontuação e traçado de letra, embora, quando questionado, saiba soletrar as palavras corretamente. Esse aparente retrocesso da escrita de RM pode ser explicada por duas razões: (a) automatização não convencional da grafia de algumas palavras, em especial aquelas que usam as letras “b” e “d”; (b) registro de fatos e acontecimentos que exigem maior complexidade sintática, o que desvia sua atenção de como escrever para o quê escrever.
Pareceristas do volume
Authors: Mori Angel Corbera
Published: November 2016

We present below the alphabetical list ad hoc peer reviewers that collaborated with the Journal American Indigenous Languages (LIAMES), volume 15 (1/2), 2015. The Editorial Committee thanks to all of them for their commitment in making the LIAMES a Journal of high academic quality.
Tipologia da interação entre pessoa e voz, com ênfase em Sikuani e Katukina-Kanamari
Authors: Queixalós Francesc
Published: November 2016

As mudanças de voz respondem a duas motivações, funcional vs. formal. Interlinguisticamente, tais fenômenos gramaticais recorrem a uma variedade de dispositivos formais, seja a motivação principal ora funcional, como é a demoção de um participante prescindível embora em si central na estrutura semântica do verbo, ora formal como é a promoção com fins de acessibilidade. Obviamente, uma promoção não pode acontecer sem uma demoção concomitante. Um dispositivo predileto − e um dos mais simples formalmente − consiste em intervir sobre a codificação do participante a ser demovido, particularmente, tendo o verbo uma morfologia o suficientemente explícita, graças à manipulação da referencialidade das marcas de pessoa. Como ilustram as duas línguas a serem abordadas em este texto, além de uma pequena amostra de outras, a manipulação da pessoa é uma ferramenta amplamente adequada para servir às mudanças de voz, independentemente do alinhamento básico dos argumentos e do tipo de motivação que induz a voz derivada.
Construcciones causativas y desiderativas en maká (mataguayo)
Authors: Tacconi Temis Lucia
Published: November 2016

En este trabajo se analizan y caracterizan las construcciones causativas y desiderativas en maká (mataguayo), lengua indígena chaqueña hablada en Paraguay. Se analizan, en primer lugar, los causativos morfológicos que se manifiestan en diversos sufijos. En segundo lugar, estudiamos la construcción causativa analítica con el verbo itˀij ‘decir’. Finalmente, en la segunda parte del artículo, presentamos la construcción desiderativa morfológica y la combinación de esta con los sufijos causativos. También se analizan los procesos de gramaticalización que afectan a las construcciones mencionadas.
Apresentação
Authors: Andrade Gênese
Published: November 2016

Apresentação da Remate de Males
A tipologia do anacronismo em Borges
Authors: Oliveira Gustavo Ponciano Cunha de
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo propõe uma tipologia do anacronismo localizado na obra de Jorge Luis Borges, especialmente em ensaios de Discusión (1932) e no conto “Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote” (1939). A intenção é a de que o anacronismo seja observado como ferramenta discursiva da operação da presença do heterogêneo – os autores e textos eleitos como precursores e pertencentes à tradição – nas composições de seu próprio operador, Borges.
A estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes e as latências temporais na teoria literária de Mario Vargas Llosa
Authors: Santana Jorge Alves
Published: November 2016

Mario Vargas Llosa, escritor peruano e Prêmio Nobel, pertence ao singular e instigante campo literário que alia produção ficcional a teorizações sobre essa produção, em seu dialógico paradigma estético. No entrelugar cultural, produzido, sobretudo, através dos encontros entre as literaturas latino-americanas e as europeias, o escritor ativista reflete sobre e executa agenciamentos literários pertinentes, por exemplo, às disposições temporais que estruturam enunciados literários em conjunto com suas dimensões enunciativas; tanto no polo da emissão, como no das recepções de tais fenômenos culturais. Nesse contexto, observaremos particularmente os usos, e alguns aspectos do corolário de tal uso, da estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes em dois de seus momentos teóricos que são La orgia perpetua (1981) e Cartas a um joven novelista (1997). Exemplificaremos tal procedimento estrutural e intersistêmico com a própria práxis literária deste autor, nas narrativas Conversación en La Catedral (1986), La tia julia y el escribidor (1977) e  El pez en el agua (1993). Ao lado da estratégia narrativa dos vasos comunicantes, uma das bases do paradigma estético de Llosa, pensaremos também no modo em que a temporalidade do presente, perspectivada pela hipótese da “latência”, no sentido dado por Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (2012; 2010),  é capaz de reconfigurar o clássico tempo cronológico do enunciado literário, lançando o presente da narrativa, com toda sua implicação estético-política,  para futuros possíveis e promissores no campo accional das subjetivações em curso no universo diegético. Apesar do aparente ceticismo político-cultural, emanado da recorrente e alentada postura crítica expressa por tais narrativas ficcionais e pelos construtos teórico-analíticos que lhe embasam, observaremos por fim, que há certo otimismo em relação a uma das funções da literatura, que é a de representar e expressar sentidos, valores e crenças que podem propulsionar razões práticas e transformadoras dos universos existenciais factuais.
Réplicas e reflexos em uma crônica de Juan Villoro. Acerca de 8.8. El miedo en el espejo
Authors: Gárate Miriam Viviana
Published: November 2016

O trabalho examina a “crônica em fragmentos” escrita por Juan Villoro depois do sismo chileno de fevereiro de 2010, dando especial atenção a alguns algunos motivos: as reverberações do terremoto ocorrido no Distrito Federal (México) em setembro de 1985, as réplicas e deslocamentos da figura do pai (e da pátria), a encenação de uma memória afetiva que cruza diversos tempos e espaços do continente.
Keterampilan Mahasiswa dalam Melakukan Penelitian Pendidikan Matematika melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Riset
Authors: Prahmana Rully Charitas Indra , Kusumah Yaya S , Darhim Darhim
Published: November 2016

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kecenderungan lintasan belajar mahasiswa dalam melakukan penelitian pendidikan matematika, khususnya dalam kemampuan mendesain, melaksanakan, dan mempublikasikan hasil penelitian, dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis riset. Metode yang digunakan adalah design research dengan 3 tahapan, yaitu preliminary design, teaching experiment, dan retrospective analysis. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana lintasan belajar yang dikembangkan memberikan kontribusi dalam menumbuhkan keterampilan meneliti pada 9 mahasiswa pendidikan matematika di STKIP Surya, dengan mendeskripsikan kegiatan dosen, mahasiswa, dan melihat hasil akhir pembelajaran, selama kurun waktu 5 bulan. Hasilnya, 2 orang mahasiswa mampu memenuhi semua indikator keterampilan meneliti sampai tahapan publikasi karya ilmiah dalam jurnal yang terindeks Google Scholar, 1 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan penulisan hasil penelitian (skripsi),  2 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan pembuatan proposal penelitian dan sudah diseminarkan, 3 orang mahasiswa sampai tahapan pembuatan proposal penelitian, dan 1 orang mahasiswa masih dalam tahapan mendesain suatu penelitian. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga memberikan gambaran faktor-faktor penyebab keberagaman hasil yang diperoleh mahasiswa selama proses pembelajaran.
Publication Watch
Authors: Bhattacharyya Rituparna
Published: November 2016

Dear Readers,We present before you as usual some of the free/open access online resources.
Classification of Street Lighting Conditions for a Community-Centric System
Authors: Takama Yasufumi ,   Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Xu Xiaotong , Yu Chi-Chih , Chen Yu-Sheng , Chen Lieu-Hen ,   College of Science and Technology, National Chi Nan University
Published: November 2016

This paper proposes a method for classifying street lighting conditions after dark in order to share the collected data with the local community. Such information is important for the safety and security of residents, and can be used to discuss about anti-crime activities and nighttime route recommendations. However, it is difficult to ascertain the actual street lighting conditions because of insufficient street-lamp data and the effects of obstacles and other light sources. In order to tackle this problem, we propose a social approach by which local residents collaboratively collect street lighting conditions using their smartphones. The technology behind this approach is a classifier that places the street lighting conditions into one of three levels. It is based on three attributes that are calculated from the illuminance data collected by the smartphones. The results of experiments on 164 actual streets show a maximum classification accuracy of 88.4%. We also discuss performance differences between smartphones and the effect of walking speed during data collection, both of which are important factors affecting the classification accuracy.
From Linguistic to Conceptual: A Framework Based on a Pipeline for Building Ontologies from Texts
Authors: Benafia Ali ,   University of Hadj Lakhdar (University Batna 1), Mazouzi Smaine , Maamri Ramdane , Sahnoun Zaidi , Benafia Sara ,   University of Skikda,   University of Constantine 2 – Abdelhamid Mehri,   Enaf of Batna
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a novel approach to extract information for building ontologies for an extensive range of applications from corpora. Our goal is to propose a method that is independent of domains and based on a distributional analysis of semantic units to bring out all the candidate’s informative elements (concepts, entities, semantic relations, named entities etc.). This method is based on a pipeline of four main stages allows for the extraction of information from unstructured text in the form of a suite of decomposable representations (sentences in triplets, ‘argumental structure’ etc.) until a consistent final ontology is obtained. We applied the defined pipeline a repeated sampling of 100 articles randomly drawn from a text corpus (‘Le Monde’ of annual version ‘2013’). The evaluation results of the trial implementation of our system level of accuracy to be up to 74%. The results obtained indicate that the proposed methodology is quite generic and can be easily adapted to any new domain.
Extraction and Classification of the Cultural Relic Model Based on Local Geometric Features
Authors: Zhou Jilai ,   School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Zhou Mingquan , Geng Guohua , Wang Xiaofeng ,   College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University
Published: November 2016

This paper proposes a novel approach to extracting local geometric features of the cultural relic. We first calculate Gaussian and mean curvature of the model. Then the surfaces of model are labeled for three fundamental types by the value of Gaussian and mean curvature. We use the region growing and expanding search method to obtain the local features of the model. We construct the templates based on the local features and prior knowledge. Finally, we achieve the retrieval of cultural relics by comparing the similarity of the template and the local feature of the model. We apply our method to identify and classify on Terracotta Warriors fragments. Experiments show that our method has the good retrieval performance.
Airway fire during rigid bronchoscopy
Authors: Mehta Venu , Baban Nian , Kornaszewska Malgorzata , Abel Robert
Published: November 2016

We describe a case of a 69‐yr‐old male who developed an airway fire during elective bronchoscopy for re‐canalisation of an obstructed bronchial stent. Airway fires are a rare but potentially life threatening complication of surgery in the respiratory tract. We are not aware of any previous reports of an airway fire secondary to ignition of a flexible bronchoscope.
Perioperative management of pneumopericardium
Authors: Sykes Ryan , Johnston David
Published: November 2016

We describe a patient who developed pneumopericardium as a complication of an emergency laparotomy for small bowel obstruction. We discuss the mechanisms by which pneumopericardium develops and the perioperative management of pneumopericardium.
Electromechanical coupling characteristics and synchronization control of two-hammer synchronous vibration system
Authors: Lai Xin
Published: November 2016

Two-hammer synchronous vibration system which consists of two hammers is a complex electromechanical system with complex electromechanical coupling. In this paper, electromechanical coupling characteristics of this system are studied in detail using the methods of theoretical derivation, numerical simulation and experiment. The kinetic models of this system are established, and approximate expressions of electromechanical coupling strength are solved using periodic averaging method (PAM). Basic coupling rules and reasons are obtained. Subsequently, numerical simulation is carried out, and simulation results demonstrate the correctness of model and approach. After that, based on electromechanical coupling characteristics, compound synchronization error feedback and composite control based on inching control (CSEB-CCBIC) strategy and algorithm are proposed, and simulation results validated the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Finally, experiments are carried out, and the results show that, speed and phase achieve synchronization quickly under the action of synchronization controller, which are agree well with theoretical and numerical results. The research conclusions and methods also provide theoretical foundations for multi-hammer synchronous vibration system and its synchronization control.
Bifurcation and chaos characteristic analysis of spur micro-segment gear pair
Authors: Huang Kang , Xiong Yangshou
Published: November 2016

Customers call for better performance, such as miniaturization, low noise, and higher load capacity of gear system. The micro-segment gear is a new tooth form whose tooth profile curve is composed of many micro segments. This paper investigates the bifurcation and chaos characteristics of spur micro-segment gear pair. To improve the authenticity of the solution, the time-varying mesh stiffness is expressed in term of piecewise function, and the normal profile deviation is expressed in the form of Fourier series. The influence of damping coefficient, excitation frequency, internal and external excitation on bifurcation and chaos properties of the system are analyzed. The numerical results show that the dynamic system is very sensitive to damping coefficient. With the increasing of damping coefficient, the number of bifurcation and impressive jump tends to decrease; and the intervals of dimensionless frequency leading to unstable or chaotic motion have a trend to concentration. The influence of external and internal excitation on bifurcation characteristics are also investigated. Comparison results show that, internal excitation has a greater effect than external excitation based on corresponding amplitude-frequency diagrams and bifurcation diagrams.
Effect of vibroacoustic therapy on pain management in adolescents with low back pain
Authors: Dudoniene Vilma , Varniene Lina , Aukstikalnis Tomas , Lendraitiene Egle , Cerkauskas Justas , Raistenskis Juozas
Published: November 2016

Vibroacoustic Therapy (VT) is a very distinct form of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vibroacoustic therapy on low back pain management in adolescents. A total of 40 adolescents (13-18 years old) were randomly divided into two equal groups (exercise – control group, and exercise and vibroacoustic therapy – vibroacoustic group), and participated in a 3-week physiotherapy program for back pain management. The participants in both groups performed the same exercise program five times per week. The participants in the vibroacoustic group apart from exercise also received treatment on a special vibro chair set at 4-8 Hz frequency for relaxation. Music was heard through the headphones. Standard tests (Oswestry disability index and the visual analogue pain scale) to assess low back pain were used before and after the intervention to monitor changes. The intensity of low back pain significantly decreased in both groups after the intervention (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between the groups in low back pain management in adolescents.
Dynamic analyses of osteoblast vibrational responses: a finite element viscoelastic model
Authors: Wang Liping , Xian Cory J.
Published: November 2016

Mechanotransduction is an important process that influences bone remodeling and maintains viability of bone cells. To understand the effect of the vibrational mechanical stimulation on biomechanic responses of bone cells, a viscoelastic osteoblast finite element (FE) model was developed. Firstly, the mode shapes and natural frequencies of a spreading osteoblast were assessed using the FE modal analysis. The osteoblast FE model predicted the natural frequencies of osteoblasts (within the range about 19.99-34.48 Hz). Then, the effect of acceleration on the vibrational responses of in-vitro cultured osteoblasts was investigated. Three different accelerations of base excitation were selected (0.15g, 0.3g and 0.5g, where g = 9.8 m/s2) and the vibrational responses (displacement, strain and stress) of osteoblasts were simulated. It was found that values of displacement, strain and stress increase with the increase of base excitation acceleration. In addition, the response values in Z-direction are much higher than those in the other directions (X, Y-direction) for the same base excitation acceleration. These findings will provide useful information to understand how vibrational mechanical stimulus influences bone cells and provide guidance for in vitro cell culture and experimental research and ultimately clinical treatment using the external vibrating loading.
A fault diagnosis method combined with ensemble empirical mode decomposition, base-scale entropy and clustering by fast search algorithm for roller bearings
Authors: Xu Fan , Fang Yan Jun , Zhang Rong , Kong Zheng Min , Tang Ruo Li
Published: November 2016

A method based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), base-scale entropy (BSE) and clustering by fast search (CFS) algorithm for roller bearings faults diagnosis is presented in this study. Firstly, the different vibration signals were decomposed into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by using EEMD method, then the correlation coefficient method was used to verify the correlation degree between each IMF and the corresponding original signals. Secondly, the first two IMF components were selected according to the value of correlation coefficient, each IMF entropy values was calculated by BSE, permutation entropy (PE), fuzzy entropy (FE) and sample entropy (SE) methods. Thirdly, comparing the elapsed time of BSE/PE/FE/SE models, using the first two IMF-BSE/PE/FE/SE entropy values as the input of CFS clustering algorithm. The CFS clustering algorithm did not require pre-set the number of clustering centers, the cluster centers were characterized by a higher density than their neighbors and by a relatively large distance from points with higher densities. Finally, the experiment results show that the computational efficiency of BSE model is faster than that of PE/FE/SE models under the same fault recognition accuracy rate, then the effect of fault recognition for roller bearings is good by using CFS method.
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing using CVA based detector
Authors: Wang Baoxiang , Pan Hongxia , Yang Wei
Published: November 2016

There are two key problems in bearing fault diagnosis that need to be addressed, one is feature selection, the other is faulty dataset problem. On the one hand, signal decomposition methods are popular ways to decompose signal into a number of modes of interest, while the most interesting modes need to be selected to represent original signal. This procedure may easily lead to loss of important information. On the other hand, most of works adopt the faulty data to train fault diagnosis classifier, while the faulty data sets are difficult to collect in real life. Hence many existing methods are unsuitable for practical application. Moreover, a high number of researchers introduce various hybrid methods to improve the ability of original methods, which increases the complexity of fault diagnosis. To solve these problems, firstly, a canonical variate analysis (CVA) detector based on visual inspection is proposed to classify operating states. Healthy dataset obtained under normal condition is applied for building a reference model and generating a threshold. CVA transforms the unknown variable into state space and residual space, then T2 and Q metrics are used to capture the variation in the two spaces, respectively. The metrics of variable compared with reference model will determine the state of rolling bearing. Considering that the threshold of proposed detector is likely to be exceeded, and visual inspection fails to identify bearing fault automatically. Then the means of T2 and Q metrics are presented to enlarge the distance between normal and abnormal conditions to avoid those drawbacks. At last, experiment and comparison are conducted to verify the capability of the proposed work. The results demonstrate that the proposed work is simple and effective in bearing fault diagnosis.
The effect of accelerometer mass in mechanomyography measurements
Authors: Ahn Soonjae , Shin Isu , Kim Youngho
Published: November 2016

Mechanomyography (MMG) signals record and quantify low-frequency lateral oscillations of active skeletal muscles. These oscillations reflect the ‘‘mechanical counterpart’’ of the motor unit activity measured by electromyography (EMG). Accelerometers have been commonly used to measure MMG. However, the accelerometer mass can affect the MMG signal. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the relationship of the accelerometer mass and the MMG signal. Thirty-two normal volunteers conducted the maximum voluntary contraction of leg extension. MMG signals were obtained from the rectus femoris muscle using an accelerometer. For each subject, the accelerometer mass was varied from 3, 8, 13, 18, 23 and 28 g. The signals were measured for three seconds with a sampling rate of 1kHz. Results showed that the MMG signal amplitude increased as the accelerometer mass increased. However, the median frequency (MF) of the MMG signal decreased with the increased accelerometer mass. When the accelerometer mass increased from 8 g to 13 g, the amplitude of the MMG signal increased the most, and the MF of the MMG signal decreased the most. However, for accelerometers heavier than 13 g, no significant change was observed in both the amplitude and MF. Based on the present study, the mass of the accelerometer is recommended to not exceed 13 g to properly measure MMG signals.
Cyclic testing of reinforced concrete columns with double or one-side headed shear reinforcement
Authors: Ha Taehun , Lee Sungho , Chun Sung-Chul
Published: November 2016

The effectiveness of single-leg crossties that were anchored by heads in reinforced concrete columns was assessed. Seven reinforced concrete columns were tested under reversed cyclic loading with a 10 % axial load of the nominal axial capacity of the columns. Four columns were designed to fail in a flexural mode, and three columns were designed to fail in a shear mode. The main variable was the anchorage type of crossties: conventional crossties that were anchored with 135° and 90° hooks, crossties that were anchored with one-side head and one-side 180° hook, and crossties that were anchored with double heads. The test results indicate that the hysteretic behavior of the columns with crossties that were anchored by double heads or one-side head was similar or superior to the columns with conventional crossties anchored by hooks in terms of ductility and energy dissipation. After the cover concrete spalled, the 90° hooks inevitably opened and the column longitudinal bars buckled. However, the heads could delay the buckling of the column bars and the columns could maintain their capacities until 8 % drift ratio for the columns that were designed to fail in a flexural mode. For the columns that were designed to fail in a shear mode, all columns showed similar behaviors and had identical strengths. The columns with the headed crossties had smaller crack widths than the columns with conventional crossties because the headed crossties well confined the core concrete under severe shear deformation. The test results show that headed crossties can effectively confine the column bars and core concrete of the columns: therefore, the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of the columns were improved.
Numerical investigation on noise reduction for an in-line fan equipped with Helmholtz resonator
Authors: Lin Sheam-Chyun , Chen Yu-Cheng , Chen Yen-Jiang , Yen Hung-Cheng
Published: November 2016

This research intends to analyze and improve the flow-induced noise of an in-line fan with Helmholtz resonator by the numerical simulation. At first, the flow and acoustic fields associated with the fan are simulated and analyzed via the CFD simulation. Subsequently, a thorough understanding on the aerodynamic and acoustic features of this mixed-flow fan is achieved. Later, to reduce the fan noise, a set of Helmholtz resonators for this inline-fan is designed and installed onto the critical regions inside the fan. Also, the flow-induced-noise reduction due to the resonator is examined and discussed in details. As a result, the maximum noise reductions on the 1st and the 2nd characteristic frequencies are obtained at 6.9 dBA and 9.8 dBA, respectively. Moreover, there is a minor noise-elimination effect found on the other harmonic frequency while the significant result appears on the designed characteristic frequency. However, all resonators used yield a significant noise reduction at the second BFF. In conclusions, a comprehensive parametric study on Helmholtz resonator is carried out and summarized for attaining a design guideline for its application on the in-line fan. The accomplishment of this study provides a systematic scheme of noise reduction for an inline-fan with the addition of Helmholtz resonator design.
Finite element analysis on the response of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy tubes with a local sharp cut under cyclic bending
Authors: Chung Chen-Cheng , Lee Kuo-Long , Pan Wen-Fung
Published: November 2016

In this paper, the finite element software ANSYS Workbench 14.0 is used to analyze the moment-curvature and ovalization-curvature relationships of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy tubes with a local sharp cut under curvature-controlled symmetrical cyclic bending. The cut depths of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 mm were considered. The experimental moment-curvature relationship exhibited an almost steady loop from the beginning of the first cycle; the cut depth had almost no influence on the curves. Moreover, the ovalization-curvature curve increased in an increasing, unsymmetrical and ratcheting manner with the number of bending cycles. Large cut depths resulted in larger ovalization of the tube cross-section. The ANSYS analysis was compared with the experimental finding. The simulated results exhibited close correspondence to those obtained from the experiments.