bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in office workers: a 1‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Sihawong Rattaporn , Sitthipornvorakul Ekalak , Paksaichol Arpalak , Janwantanakul Prawit
Published: October 2015

Predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in office workers: a 1‐year prospective cohort study: Rattaporn Sihawong, et al. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand

Objective

All occupations expose workers to varied and unique conditions. The nature of work has been recognized as influencing the health of workers. Whether predictors for chronic neck and low back pain would be occupation‐specific is unknown. This study aimed to identify predictors for chronic neck and low back pain in a cohort of office workers.

Methods

A prospective study was carried out among 669 healthy office workers. At baseline, risk factors were assessed using a questionnaire and standardized physical examination. A symptomatic case was defined as an individual who reported pain greater than 30 mm on a 100‐mm VAS, and chronic pain was defined as experiencing ongoing neck or low back pain for greater than 3 months over the past 6 months. Two regression models were built to analyze the risk factors for developing chronic neck and low back pain.

Results

Of the sample, 17 and 27% of office workers who reported a new onset of neck or low back pain developed chronicity, respectively. Predictors for chronic neck pain were high body mass index, frequent neck extension during the work day, high initial pain intensity, and high psychological job demands. The development of chronic low back pain was associated with history of low back pain and high initial pain intensity.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that predictors for chronic musculoskeletal pain in a subpopulation may be a subset of predictors identified in a general population or occupation specific. Successful management to prevent chronic musculoskeletal pain may also need to consider the patient's occupation.
Methodological design for the prevention of risk in production processes
Authors: Pulido Rojano Alexander De Jesus
Published: October 2015

This paper proposes a methodological design based on the development, creation, adaptation and implementation of some analysis tools and the deployment of the risk management process content in standard ISO 31000. This allows for the design of a monitoring and quality control system of critical variables associated with equipment and operating conditions for the purpose of identifying and mitigating sources diversions product specifications. It also seeks to harmonize work philosophies with international management standards. The validation was performed by an industrial company from the city of Barranquilla. The content of this paper provides professionals and industry with a way to address and improve the capacity of any type of manufacturing process in any organization through standardized steps.
Learning manager for remote experimentation with optoelectronic devices
Authors: García-Cedeño Duván Fernando , Bernal Noreña Álvaro
Published: October 2015

Both the Internet and communications & information technology (ICT), are making a valuable contribution to education. Remote experimentation is an example of the contribution that becomes as a solution to various problems involved with practices in situ, which are a fundamental aspect in the development of skills in engineering education. In this work, we have implemented a learning manager to experience with optoelectronic devices via internet, this tool is composed of a hardware platform comprising a set of electronic components such as light emitting diodes and optocouplers, each one with its respective signal conditioning and communication interfaces; additionally, a Web 2.0 user interface and learning management concepts and content are included. Those facilitate administration and promoting collaborative learning regarding social networks.
Wave energy resource assessment at southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gonzalez-Carrillo Alejandro , Ruiz-Cabrera Raziel , Hernandez-Escobedo Quetzalcoatl Cruz , Fernández-García Aranzazú , Manzano-Agugliaro Francisco
Published: October 2015

Find alternative energy sources is one of the challenges that came with XXI century and this paper makes an analysis about wave energy, which presents several advantages over fossil based energy and even other renewable energy sources. Among them are its low environmental impact and its high energy density. Wave energy is beginning to be considered as an important and promising renewable resource in many countries. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the wave energy potential at the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico; the sea states were observed and was obtained that the available mean wave power is 55.91 W/m. In addition, this paper shows that, in the study site, the most energetic season is fall and the less energetic season is spring. This differs from the global trend, were the most energetic season is winter, and the less energetic season is spring.
Analysis of the partial discharge pulse propagation in the stator winding of a synchronous machine
Authors: Oslinger Gutiérrez José Luis , Muñoz Muñoz Fabio Andrés , Vanegas Iriarte Jaime Antonio
Published: October 2015

In this paper, a study of the propagation of partial discharge pulses in the stator winding of a synchronous machine is presented. This study was performed by injecting artificial partial discharge pulses in the stator winding of a 2.4 kV/210 kVA salient-pole synchronous machine. It was found that the propagation of the partial-discharge PD signals is presented in two modes: the slow mode, in which the coil acts as a transmission line; and the fast mode, in which the pulse propagates through the overhangs. The fast mode is due to capacitive and inductive couplings in the overhangs. In the slow mode, a PD signal manifests itself at the generator terminals after a transit time that depends on the distance traveled by the pulse. A strong positive linear correlation was observed between the arrival time in the slow mode and the length traveled by the pulse in this mode. The DC ohmic resistance between the injection point and the measurement point was used to represent the distance traveled by the pulse in the slow mode. The capacitive and inductive couplings also cause a crosstalk between the phases. As a consequence, a PD signal can be measured at different phases to the origin phase. In the slow mode, the signal will suffer attenuation in amplitude due to the dispersion and the absorption of energy while it propagates in the slow mode.
Shear strength of landfills
Authors: Sandoval Vallejo Eimar , Ramírez Tazcón Andrés , Cuarán Diego
Published: October 2015

Landfills are engineering structures formed with a specific material, whose shear strength properties can be determined in a similar way, as it is done for a geotechnical material. This paper presents results from an experimental program carried out to obtain the strength parameters for Presidente landfill at Valle del Cauca (Colombia). The experimental program included unconsolidated undrained direct shear tests (UU) performed on laboratory reconstituted samples. Variation of the internal friction angle and cohesion, as a function of the specific weight, depth and decomposition time of the landfill was evaluated. Results were also compared to international values used for design purposes. Results showed a remarkable influence of the waste decomposition time in the shear strength. Some relationship with the depth was also found. Obtained strength parameters are within international ranges recommended for design purposes.
Energy efficiency in the zeolite impact crushing plant of San Andrés (Holguín, Cuba)
Authors: Hechavarría-Pérez José Ramón , Coello-Velazquez Alfredo L. , Robles Proenza Fernando Daniel , Menendez-Aguado Juan María
Published: October 2015

The present work deals with the impact crusher energy efficiency at San Andres Zeolitic Plant. Varying the operational parameters levels (rotor velocity, hammer row number and crusher capacity) were carried up two experimental series: First series was aimed to obtain the influence of the operational parameters on the power consumed by the crusher motor; the second series evaluated the crusher specific energy consumption behavior. First series empirical model obtained describes the influence of operational parameters on power consumption. Also the relationship among specific energy consumption and crusher speed and capacity were obtained. The most efficient operational regimen corresponded to 1100 rpm of the rotor velocity, 2 hammer row numbers and 15 t/h of crusher capacity.
A methodology to obtain an analytical formula for the elastic modulus of lightweight aggregate concrete
Authors: Souza-Barbosa Flávio de , Resende-Farage Michèle Cristina , Lage-Bonifácio Aldemon , Beaucour Anne Lise , Ortola Sophie
Published: October 2015

This work proposes a methodology to predict the elastic modulus of lightweight aggregate concretes. To this end an analytical formula is achieved by curve fitting experimental results from 135 concrete samples made of 45 different mixes. The validation of the proposed methodology is carried out by applying the obtained analytical formula to a set of 90 concrete samples made of 30 different mixes. Comparisons with other methods applied to predicting the elastic modulus of lightweight aggregate concretes indicate that the results show good agreement and suggest that the proposed methodology could be applied in practical situations.
Wear resistance of vanadium-niobium carbide layers grown via TRD
Authors: Castillejo-Nieto Fabio Enrique , Olaya-Florez Jhon Jairo , Alfonso José Edgar
Published: October 2015

Nb-V complex carbide coatings were produced on AISI D2 steel substrates using the thermo-reactive diffusion (TRD) process in order to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of this tool steel. The carbide coating treatment was performed using molten borax with added ferroniobium, ferrovanadium, and aluminum at temperatures of 1223, 1293, and 1363 K for 2, 3, 4, and 5 h. The coating layers were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The growth rates of the coatings were studied, and a kinetic model of the layer thickness was constructed as a function of the time and temperature treatment. The hardness and friction coefficient (COF) of the coatings was measured through nanoindentation and pin on disk test respectively. The carbide layers had a homogeneous thickness and a hardness of 37.63 GPa, which is close to values obtained in superhard materials, and the COF was in the range of 0,3 for the coated steels.
Solution architecture approach, mechanism to reduce the gap between enterprise architecture and implementation of technological solutions
Authors: Arango Serna Martin Dario , Londoño Salazar Jesus Enrique , Branch Bedoya John William
Published: October 2015

This paper states an approach for the operationalization of a solution architecture model, as an integral part of the development process and the applications maintenance. The proposed approach has been put into practice in a Company from the financial sector. The process of construction and implementation process of technological solution in an Enterprise takes multiple practices and management models, and it brings into play different roles and actors during its execution, from the business and technological perspective. Recently, the concept of solution architecture, has emerged as a better practice (little explored and documented) and it is being used in the execution of initiatives related with the development of technology solutions cycle, also it interacts collaboratively with other better management practices as software and enterprise architecture.
Behavior of coated forming tools with TiAlN coatings grown by Triode Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Devia Narvaez Diana Marcela , Duque-Sanchez Harold , Mesa Fernando
Published: October 2015

This research focusses on tribological analysis of Titanium Aluminum Nitride (TiAlN) coatings deposited by means of Triode Magnetron Sputtering, when used as a protective coating on forming tools. The analysis is carried out from the microstructural properties which directly influence the tribological behavior. It was observed that the predominant wear mechanisms on the surface are delamination and tribo-oxidation; an increase in the useful life of the tool was observed making hard coatings an excellent alternative in the metalworking industry.
Development of a digital TV receivers test suite
Authors: Flores Guridi Pablo , Garella Juan Pablo , Guimerans Gustavo , Baliosián Javier , Grampín Eduardo , Sotelo Rafael , Simon María
Published: October 2015

The deployment of digital TV in Uruguay is ongoing, following the ISDB-Tb standard. The channels allocation process was completed, and after the adoption of a testing protocol, the introduction of decoders and receivers began in early 2014. Testing their compliance with the standards is of paramount importance in order to foster migration towards it and to provide a platform to local developers. The government committed the School of Engineering and the Software Testing Centre to the elaboration of the testing protocol. This article reports the key aspects of this work: the analysis of the standards, the definition of a type approval protocol and the experience gained by applying the testing procedures. Its goal is to share the experience and contribute to the improvement of the digital TV adoption process, hopefully aiding to avoid some problems that were detected during this work, both in regulation and in devices compliance to the standards.
Channel connections resistance at elevated temperatures
Authors: Larrua Pardo Yisel , Larrua Quevedo Rafael , Pignatta Silva Valdir
Published: October 2015

In this paper the thermal analysis of the push out test of steel – concrete channel connections at elevated temperatures is carried out. The study takes into account numeric results generated by the program SuperTempcalc for two alternatives: protected and unprotected beams. Temperatures are proposed to be considered in determining the reduction factors of resistance and the impact of these results in determining the strength of the connection is evaluated. Finally, a simplified method for calculating the resistance of the connection is proposed, which considers defined temperatures in the concrete by the thermal analysis and is consistent with the formulations for calculating the resistance of channel connections at room temperature and with the current formulation for stud connections at elevated temperatures provided by international codes.
Effects of uncertainty on scheduling of highway construction projects
Authors: Gómez Hernán Darío , Orobio Armando
Published: October 2015

Time and cost overruns in highway construction are usual in Colombia. Contractors regularly fail in cost estimation and construction scheduling. An analysis of important factors on time and cost overruns in highway construction in southwest Colombia is presented in this paper. Forty highway construction projects were reviewed. Data from construction documents were collected to prepare a data base for probabilistic analysis. Data collected include scheduled construction time and cost, actual construction time and cost, and unexpected events which could have affected the construction process. Data were used in a probabilistic cost and schedule risk analysis to identify critical factors in construction time and cost overruns in the region. It was found that the activities that most affect the time and cost overruns are the construction of the granular base and the asphalt layer. The most common causes of construction overruns were found to be poor cost and duration estimates, rain, and materials supply problems.
Circadian rhythm of spontaneous non-linear peptidization with proteinogenic amino acids in abiotic solutions versus homochirality
Authors: Maciejowska A. , Godziek A. , Sajewicz M. , Kowalska T.
Published: October 2015

In this short communication, we report on three striking phenomena of the circadian rhythm. One was observed with the non-linear concentration changes of the monomeric L-Cys and the non-linear yields of the L-Cys derived peptides, when undergoing spontaneous non-linear peptidization. The other one was observed with the binary L-Phe-L-Pro system, and the third one with L-Ser, D-Ser, and DL-Ser. So far, no analogous reports have been released on the circadian rhythm of the spontaneous non-linear peptidization of proteinogenic amino acids in a sterile abiotic environment (70% aqueous acetonitrile, or 70% aqueous methanol solutions). At the moment, we cannot find any rational explanation of this phenomenon, yet it seems highly probable that its origin is analogous to or even of a primordial nature for the circadian rhythm phenomena abundantly found in biological samples by other researchers. An experimentally established lack of the circadian rhythm with peptidization of the non-proteinogenic amino acid (D-Ser) can encourage us to revisit a still unsolved question of homochirality preconditions.
The role of gelatinases in Campylobacter jejuni infection of gnotobiotic mice
Authors: Alutis Marie E. , Grundmann Ursula , Fischer André , Hagen Ulrike , Kühl Anja A. , Göbel Ulf B. , Bereswill Stefan , Heimesaat Markus M.
Published: October 2015

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 (also referred to gelatinases-A and -B, respectively) are upregulated in the inflamed gut of mice and men. We recently demonstrated that synthetic gelatinase blockage reduced large intestinal pro-inflammatory immune responses and apoptosis following murine Campylobacter (C.) jejuni infection. In order to address which gelatinase mediates C. jejuni-induced immune responses, gnotobiotic MMP-2−/−, MMP-9−/−, and wildtype (WT) mice were generated by broadspectrum antibiotic treatment and perorally infected with C. jejuni strain 81-176. The pathogen stably colonized the murine intestinal tract irrespective of the genotype but did not translocate to extra-intestinal compartments. At days 8 and 14 postinfection (p.i.), less pronounced colonic histopathological changes were observed in infected MMP-2−/− mice, less distinct epithelial apoptosis, but more epithelial proliferation in both MMP-2−/− and MMP-9−/− mice, as compared to WT controls. Reduced immune responses in gelatinase- deficient mice were characterized by lower numbers of effector as well as innate and adaptive immune cells within the colonic mucosa and lamina propria. The expression of IL-22, IL-18, IL-17A, and IL-1β mRNA was higher in the colon of MMP-2−/− as compared to WT mice. In conclusion, both MMP-2 and MMP-9 are differentially involved in mediating C. jejuni-induced intestinal immunopathology.
β-lactamases encoded by blaCTX-M group I genes as determinants of resistance of ESBL-positive enterobacteriaceae in European soldiers in tropical Mali
Authors: Hagen Ralf Matthias , Hinz Hagen , Frickmann Hagen
Published: October 2015

ESBL (extended-spectrum-β-lactamase)-positive Enterobacteriaceae, which colonized European soldiers in tropical Western African Mali, were subjected to a molecular assessment of their resistance determinants. By doing so, a better insight into the locally endemic pattern of ESBL-associated β-lactamase genes was aspired.

From a previous study on diarrhea in European soldiers on deployment in tropical Mali, 15 ESBL-positive Escherichia coli with demonstrated high clonal diversity and one positive Klebsiella pneumoniae were assessed. Polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for blaTEM and blaSHV β-lactamase genes with subsequent sequencing for the discrimination of ESBL- and non-ESBL variants were performed, followed by four group-specific PCRs for blaCTX-M genes.

Non-ESBL-associated blaTEM-1 was identified in six out of 15 (40%) E. coli strains, while 100% of the assessed strains were positive for group I blaCTX-M.

Considering the known clonal diversity of the assessed strains, the striking restriction to one group of blaCTX-M genes accounting for the ESBL phenotypes of the isolates suggests little genetic exchange in the local setting. Under such circumstances of restricted numbers of locally endemic target genes, PCR-based screening approaches for ESBL colonization might be promising.
Progresso temporal da cercosporiose da beterraba em diferentes genótipos e épocas de semeadura na primavera
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Duarte Tatiana da Silva , Fernandes José Mauricio Cunha , Hilleshein Patrícia Cristina , Scheidt Bruno Tabarelli
Published: October 2015

A cultura da beterraba tem se intensificado devido ao consumo in natura e também pelo processamento industrial de conservas. Na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí, SC, grande parte da sua produção vem de agricultores familiares que a usam em sucessão a cultura da cebola, com semeadura na primavera/verão. Entretanto, nesta época do ano a cercosporiose (Cercospora beticola) tem comprometido a produtividade. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o progresso desta doença nos genótipos: All Green, Stays Green, Early Wonder, Cabernet, Boro, Modana e Itapuã e avaliar a severidade em duas épocas de semeadura, na primavera. Os dois ensaios foram conduzidos na Epagri/Estação Experimental de Ituporanga, implantados com 30 dias de diferença entre as semeaduras. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Para avaliação da severidade da doença foi utilizada uma escala diagramática em dez plantas ao acaso previamente demarcadas. Os dados de severidade foram submetidos à análise de modelos mistos, area abaixo da curva de progresso de doença, taxa de infecção e severidade final. Não houve diferenças no progresso da doença entre os genótipos avaliados nas duas épocas de semeadura de primavera nas condições do Alto Vale do Itajaí, SC.
Mudanças ideacionais das representações linguísticas do heterônimo Álvaro de Campos na obra literária de Fernando Pessoa e em sua tradução para a Língua Inglesa
Authors: RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR Adail Sebastião , GARCIA DE OLIVEIRA Simone
Published: October 2015

Este estudo propõe uma análise comparativa das representações poéticas do heterônimo pessoano Álvaro de Campos. O corpus investigado são os poemas traduzidos por Richard Zenith para a língua inglesa e seus respectivos originais. Esta pesquisa discute se as construções textuais do heterônimo nos poemas traduzidos apresentam equivalência com os originais, tendo como base para as análises o conceito de mudança proposto por (CATFORD, 1965), mas avançando na discussão dos elementos de transitividade, da Gramática Sistêmico Funcional proposta por (HALLIDAY & MATTHIESSEN, 2004). Os procedimentos metodológicos foram, primeiramente, a identificação, classificação e interpretação dos elementos oracionais, de modo a verificar se as possíveis mudanças nos tipos de processos e circunstâncias reelaboraram, de alguma maneira, os significados ideacionais do heterônimo na tradução. A pesquisa mostrou que, apesar das mudanças ideacionais ocorridas em alguns versos, o "eu" lírico, representado por Álvaro de Campos, apresentou na tradução uma construção textual bastante similar à do original. De igual modo, as representações do mundo ficcional do heterônimo não sofreram mudanças, o que revela grande preocupação por parte do tradutor em manter a equivalência semântica em suas escolhas lexicais.
Analysing deception in a psychopath's speech: a quantitative approach
Authors: ALMELA Ángela , ALCARAZ-MÁRMOL Gema , CANTOS Pascual
Published: October 2015

Psychopathy involves a series of specific cognitive, social and emotional features which make the psychopath different from the general population; the two most significant characteristics are extreme selfishness and deep emotional deficit that is reflected in apathy. Notably, psychopaths are skilled communicators who that use language to lie. As there has been little examination of the speech associated specifically with psychopaths, especially in the Spanish language, the present study aims to contrast different veracious excerpts to others which are deceptive. The text analysis is framed within forensic computational linguistics, and complemented with some information related to the stylometric profile of the text. The investigation shows how the parameter mainly affected by the psychological condition of the psychopath subject is the distribution of grammatical persons; in addition, some further evidence includes the frequency of certainty adverbs and verbs related to cognitive processes.
Teletandem e episódios relacionados a cultura
Authors: TELLES João Antonio , ZAKIR Maisa de Alcântara , FUNO Ludmila Belotti Andreu
Published: October 2015

Teletandem é um contexto telecolaborativo de aprendizagem que envolve dois falantes nativos (ou competentes) de diferentes línguas. Utilizando o Skype, cada participante faz papel de aluno por meia hora, falando e praticando a língua do seu parceiro. Este artigo enfoca a interação em teletandem entre dois estudantes universitários - uma brasileira e um estadunidense. Na primeira parte, sustentamos nossa pressuposição de que os participantes do teletandem compartilham informações acerca das respectivas culturas. Na segunda, apresentamos cinco dimensões do conceito de cultura, definimos aprendizagem cultural e propomos uma unidade de análise para interpretação dos dados - o episódio relacionado a cultura. Por fim, sugerimos diretrizes para futuras pesquisas relacionadas à aprendizagem de línguas e culturas em contextos colaborativos on-line.
Um sistema agroflorestal na várzea do estuário amazônico (Ilha das Onças, Município de Barcarena, Estado do Pará)
Authors: Anderson Anthony B. , Gely Anne , Strudwick Jeremy , Sobel Gail L. , Pinto Maria das Graças C.
Published: October 2015

Apesar de seu potencial na região amazônica, sistemas agroflorestais têm sido estudados principalmente entre grupos indígenas, que são culturalmente afastados da maioria da população atual em zonas rurais. Este estudo descreve um sistema agroflorestal utilizado por uma família de cultura Luso-brasileira. O sistema foi desenvolvido na mata de várzea do estuário amazônico, sujeita a inundações periódicas e prolongadas que dificultam as práticas convencionais de agricultura. Três zonas de maneio na vizinhança da casa são descritas detalhadamente: quintal, floresta manejada, e mata. Juntas essas zonas apoiam ou possibilitam uma grande variedade de atividades, tais como caça; pesca; criação de animais domésticos; e utilização de frutos, palmito, madeira, adubo, plantas ornamentais, fibras, látex, mel, sementes oleaginosas, remédios, utensílios, etc. Além de produtos de subsistência, essas atividades fornecem muitos produtos de mercado que são comercializados em Belém, possibilitando a compra de materiais agrícolas de primeira necessidade. Entre a família estudada, o sistema agroflorestal permitiu a substituição da agricultura convencional pela colheita de produtos silvestres. Sob certas condições, essa estratégia poderia ser uma alternativa viável de uso de terra no estuário amazônico.
Diferentes estratégias alimentares na larvicultura do acará-bandeira (Peterolophyllum scalare,Cichlidae)
Authors: PEREIRA Samuel Louzada , GONÇALVES JUNIOR Lucas Pedro , AZEVEDO Rafael Vieira de , MATIELO Marcelo Darós , SELVATICI Paula del Caro , AMORIM Ismael Rafane , MENDONÇA Pedro Pierro
Published: October 2015

RESUMOA larvicultura é uma das etapas mais críticas do desenvolvimento dos peixes e o seu sucesso está diretamente relacionado ao manejo alimentar, que pode proporcionar maiores sobrevivência e crescimento. Objetivou-se avaliar o tempo de transição alimentar e de fornecimento de meta-náuplios de Artemiaspp (MNA) na larvicultura do acará-bandeira. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Em cada experimento foram utilizados 540 peixes distribuídos em 20 aquários com 2 L. No primeiro experimento, avaliaram-se os períodos de transição alimentar (MNA + ração) por 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 dias. No segundo experimento, avaliou-se o período de fornecimento de MNA por 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 dias. Foram avaliados: ganho de peso, taxas de crescimento e desenvolvimento específico, sobrevivência e uniformidade do lote (apenas no experimento para avaliar o tempo de fornecimento de MNA). Não houve efeito significativo dos diferentes períodos de transição alimentar sobre as variáveis de crescimento (p>0,05), porém a sobrevivência foi maior (p<0,05) nos tratamentos compostos por 3, 4 e 5 dias de alimentação conjunta. Em relação ao tempo de fornecimento de MNA, foram observados piores resultados (p<0,05) quando o tempo de fornecimento do alimento vivo foi menor (5, 10 e 15 dias). Os animais que foram alimentados com MNA antes da transição alimentar, por mais tempo (20 e 25 dias), apresentaram os melhores resultados de crescimento (p<0,05). Portanto, recomenda-se uma transição alimentar de três dias e um fornecimento de MNA por 20 dias para realizar a substituição total do alimento vivo pela ração.
Resource partitioning and ecomorphological variation in two syntopic species of Lebiasinidae (Characiformes) in an Amazonian stream
Authors: SILVA Nathália Carina dos Santos , COSTA Aluízio José Lopes da , LOUVISE José , SOARES Bruno Eleres , REIS Vanessa Cristine e Souza , ALBRECHT Míriam Pilz , CARAMASCHI Érica Pellegrini
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTResource partitioning is important for species coexistence. Species with similar ecomorphology are potential competitors, especially when phylogenetically close, due to niche conservatism. The aim of this study was to investigate the resource partitioning among populations of two species of lebiasinids (Copella nigrofasciata and Pyrrhulina aff. brevis) that co-occur in a first-order Amazonian stream, analyzing the trophic ecology, feeding strategies and ecomorphological attributes related to the use of food and space by these species. Fish were captured in May and September 2010. The stomach contents of 60 individuals were analyzed and quantified volumetrically to characterize the feeding ecology of both species. Eleven morphological attributes were measured in 20 specimens and combined in nine ecomorphological indices. Both species had an omnivorous-invertivorous diet and consumed predominantly allochthonous items. Both showed a tendency to a generalist diet, but intrapopulational variation in resource use was also detected. Overall feeding niche overlap was high, but differed between seasons: low during the rainy season and high in the dry season. In the latter, the food niche overlap was asymmetric because C. nigrofasciata consumed several prey of P. aff. brevis, which reduced its food spectrum. The ecomorphological analysis suggests that C. nigrofasciatahas greater swimming capacity (greater relative length of caudal peduncle) than P. aff. brevis, which has greater maneuverability and tendency to inhabit lentic environments (greater relative depth of the body). Our results demonstrate that these species have similar trophic ecology and suggest a spatial segregation, given by morphological differences related to locomotion and occupation of habitat, favoring their coexistence.
Contribution to the marine propeller hydrodynamic design for small boats in the Amazon region
Authors: FAVACHO Breno Inglis , VAZ Jerson Rogério Pinheiro , MESQUITA André Luiz Amarante , LOPES Fábio , MOREIRA Antonio Luciano Seabra , SOEIRO Newton Sure , ROCHA Otávio Fernandes Lima da
Published: October 2015

ABSTRACTIn the Amazon, river navigation is very important due to the length of navigable rivers and the lack of alternative road networks. Boats usually operate in unfavorable conditions, since there is no hydrodynamic relation among propellers, geometry, and the dimensions of the boat hull. Currently, there is no methodology for propeller hydrodynamic optimization with low computational cost and easy implementation in the region. The aim of this work was to develop a mathematical approach for marine propeller design applied to boats typically found on Amazon rivers. We developed an optimized formulation for the chord and pitch angle distributions, taking into account the classical model of Glauert. A theoretical analysis for the thrust and torque relationships on an annular control volume was performed. The mathematical model used was based on the Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT). We concluded that the new methodology proposed in this work demonstrates a good physical behavior when compared with the theory of Glauert and the experimental data of the Wageningen B3-50 propeller.
Caracterização Anatômica e Física do Bambu Gigante (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro)
Authors: Brito Flávia Maria Silva , Paes Juarez Benigno , Oliveira José Tarcísio da Silva , Arantes Marina Donária Chaves , Fantuzzi Neto Humberto
Published: October 2015

O trabalho objetivou realizar a caracterização anatômica e física de hastes adultas do bambu Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro. Assim, foram coletadas quatro hastes e seccionadas em colmos de 2,10 m de comprimento. Das extremidades dos colmos foram obtidos discos de 5,0 cm de espessura, os quais foram transformados em corpos de prova para a caracterização anatômica e física. Foram mensurados o percentual de fibras, de vasos e de parênquima, o teor de umidade, as massas específicas básica e anidra e a retratibilidade. O bambu estudado possui frequência de vasos de 0 a 4 vasos mm–2, média de 2 vasos mm–2, fibras com comprimento médio de 2,72 mm e o parênquima compõe 50,72% do colmo. O teor de umidade foi quantificado em 60%; a massa específica básica, em 0,66 g cm–3; a anidra, em 0,83 g cm–3; a retratibilidade volumétrica, em 15,40%. Observou-se que as características físicas do bambu foram influenciadas pela disposição e pela proporção dos elementos anatômicos.
Relação Espacial do Carbono da Vegetação e Matéria Orgânica do Solo na Serra da Mantiqueira
Authors: Terra Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos , Mello José Marcio de , Mello Carlos Rogério de
Published: October 2015

O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o comportamento espacial do estoque de carbono presente no fuste da vegetação (ECV) e da matéria orgânica do solo (MO) em uma floresta ombrófila densa na Serra da Mantiqueira, no Estado de Minas Gerais, por meio de krigagem. Pretendeu-se também testar a utilização da MO superficial como variável auxiliar na predição do ECV com o uso da cokrigagem. Para isso, foram analisados dados georreferenciados de 25 pontos amostrais de MO em três profundidades, 0-20 cm (P1), 20-50 cm (P2) e 50-100 cm (P3), e de 12 parcelas amostrais de 400 m2 de vegetação. As variáveis apresentaram estrutura de dependência espacial (maior em ECV e menor em MO em P1) e o semivariograma cruzado refletiu a correlação espacial entre ECV e MO em P1. O mapa de interpolação gerado por cokrigagem foi satisfatório na detecção de tendências da variável ECV, conservando os mesmos padrões do mapa gerado por krigagem ordinária para essa variável. Considera-se que, na área estudada, MO em P1 pode ser utilizada como covariável na caracterização espacial geral do ECV, em situações de subamostragem de ECV.
O Uso da Terra no Entorno de Fragmentos Florestais Influencia a sua Composição e Estrutura
Authors: Schaadt Suélen Schramm , Vibrans Alexander Christian
Published: October 2015

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o uso da terra no entorno de 143 unidades amostrais (UA) na floresta ombrófila mista em Santa Catarina e verificar a possível relação do uso da terra com o estado da vegetação. Foram utilizados um mapeamento do uso da terra de 2005 e dados da vegetação coletados em 143 UA do Inventário Florístico Florestal de Santa Catarina (IFFSC) entre 2007 e 2009. O entorno foi delimitado por buffers de distâncias distintas a partir do centro da UA. A cobertura florestal dos entornos e a distância entre a UA e a borda do fragmento apresentaram correlação significativa com riqueza e abundância de espécies climácicas, além de correlação negativa com riqueza e abundância de espécies pioneiras (α = 0,05) no fragmento. As paisagens com maior cobertura florestal e com maiores fragmentos permitem a manutenção de florestas mais bem conservadas e com menor influência da matriz no entorno.
Produtos Alternativos para Controle de Thaumastocoris peregrinus e Indução de Resistência em Plantas
Authors: Lorencetti Grasielle Adriane Toscan , Mazaro Sérgio Miguel , Potrich Michele , Lozano Everton Ricardi , Barbosa Leonardo Rodrigues , Luckmann Daiane , Dallacort Sidinei
Published: October 2015

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito inseticida de produtos alternativos sobre Thaumastocoris peregrinus, bem como o potencial em atuar no processo de indução de resistência em plantas. Folhas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis foram imersas na solução dos produtos Orobor®, Topneem®, Rotenat®, Rotenat CE®, Baicao®, Compostonat®, Pironat®, Assist®, Extrato de Alho e Calda Bordalesa. Posteriormente, foram transferidas para tubos contendo 10 adultos de T. peregrinus, avaliando-se diariamente o número de insetos mortos. Os produtos que apresentaram efeito inseticida foram testados quanto ao seu potencial como indutores de resistência, avaliando-se em cotilédones de soja a síntese da fitoalexina gliceolina (pterocarpanoide) e a ativação da rota dos fenilpropanoides pela atividade da enzima fenilalanina amônia-liase. Água foi utilizada como testemunha e quitosana (1%) como indutor de referência. Rotenat®, Compostonat®, Rotenat CE® e Topneem® apresentaram efeito inseticida; destes Rotenat CE® e Topneem® apresentaram potencial como indutores de resistência, expressando valores significativos de fitoalexinas e atividade da FAL (fenilalanina-amônialiase).
Ação do 1-metilciclopropeno na conservação pós-colheita de manga 'Palmer' em diferentes estádios de maturação
Authors: Trindade Danielly Cristina Gomes da , Lima Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho de , Assis Joston Simão de
Published: October 2015

Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP) em manga 'Palmer' (Mangifera indica), nos estádios de maturação 2 e 3, para a conservação pós-colheita do fruto durante o período de armazenamento. Foram realizados dois experimentos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. No primeiro, mangas no estádio de maturação 2 foram submetidas a diferentes doses de 1-MCP (controle, 300, 600 e 1.000 nL L-1), por 12 horas, e tempos de armazenamento refrigerado de 0, 8 e 15 dias a 14,5±2°C e 85±6% UR, seguidos de 3, 5, 7 e 9 dias a 24±2°C e 60±6% UR. No segundo experimento, mangas no estádio de maturação 3 foram submetidas aos mesmos tratamentos do primeiro, porém com aplicação de 1-MCP durante 14 horas e com armazenamento a 13±0,6°C e 87±2% UR, e 24,4±1,9°C e 47±8% UR. O uso de 1-MCP nas doses de 300 e 600 nL L-1, no estádio de maturação 2, melhora a aparência dos frutos, embora se restrinja a efeitos temporários sobre a firmeza de polpa e a degradação de amido. Nas doses de 600 e 1.000 nL L-1, no estádio de maturação 3, o 1-MCP limita a perda de firmeza e mantém a aparência comercial do fruto até o vigésimo quarto dia.
Características de tolerância à seca em genótipos de uma coleção nuclear de arroz de terras altas
Authors: Terra Thiago Gledson Rios , Leal Tarcísio Castro Alves de Barros , Rangel Paulo Hideo Nakano , Oliveira Aluízio Borém de
Published: October 2015

Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas relacionadas à tolerância ao estresse hídrico em genótipos de uma coleção nuclear temática de arroz de terras altas, bem como identificar os materiais mais tolerantes. Foram avaliados 100 genótipos de arroz de terras altas em experimentos conduzidos com e sem estresse por deficiência hídrica. Os genótipos tenderam a aumentar o número de dias para o florescimento (FLO) e a diminuir a altura (ALT), na condição de estresse, mas manifestaram ampla variação de comportamento. A esterilidade das espiguetas (EST) foi a característica mais importante para a seleção, nas duas condições de cultivo, em razão de sua elevada correlação negativa com a produtividade. O número de perfilhos não diferiu entre os genótipos na condição sem estresse, mas houve diferença significativa sob estresse hídrico. Os genótipos Ligeiro e Canela de Ferro apresentaram baixos índices de susceptibilidade à seca (ISS), mas baixa produtividade em ambas as condições de cultivo; já os materiais Catetão, Jatobá e Arroz do Maranhão apresentaram elevada produtividade sob estresse e valores de ISS relativamente baixos. EST, FLO, ALT e ISS são características morfofisiológicas relacionadas à tolerância à seca, e os genótipos Catetão, Jatobá e Arroz do Maranhão podem constituir boas fontes de genes para tolerância à seca em programas de melhoramento.
Redes neurais artificiais para a modelagem do volume de madeira e biomassa do cerradão com dados de satélite
Authors: Miguel Eder Pereira , Rezende Alba Valéria , Leal Fabrício Assis , Matricardi Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli , Vale Ailton Teixeira do , Pereira Reginaldo Sérgio
Published: October 2015

Resumo:O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da aplicação de modelos de análise de regressão e redes neurais artificiais (RNAs) na predição do volume de madeira e da biomassa acima do solo, da vegetação arbórea em área de cerradão. Volume de madeira e biomassa foram estimados com equações alométricas desenvolvidas para a área de estudo. Os índices de vegetação, como variáveis preditoras, foram estimados a partir de imagens do sensor LISS-III, e a área basal foi determinada por medições na floresta. A precisão das equações foi verificada pela correlação entre os valores estimados e observados (r), erro-padrão da estimativa (Syx) e gráfico residual. As equações de regressão para o volume de madeira total e do fuste (0,96 e 0,97 para r, e 11,92 e 9,72% para Syx, respectivamente) e para a biomassa (0,91 e 0,92 para r, e 22,73 e 16,80% para Syx, respectivamente) apresentaram bons ajustes. As redes neurais também apresentaram bom ajuste com o volume de madeira (0,99 e 0,99 para r, e 4,93 e 4,83% para Syx) e a biomassa (0,97 e 0,98 r, e 8,92 e 7,96% para Syx, respectivamente). A área basal e os índices de vegetação foram eficazes na estimativa do volume de madeira e biomassa para o cerradão. Os valores reais de volume de madeira e biomassa não diferiram estatisticamente dos valores estimados pelos modelos de regressão e redes neurais (χ2ns); contudo, as RNAs são mais acuradas.
Transcranial brain stimulation (TMS and tDCS) for post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation: Controversies
Authors: Mendonça Lucia Iracema Zanotto de
Published: October 2015

Transcranial brain stimulation (TS) techniques have been investigated for use in the rehabilitation of post-stroke aphasia. According to previous reports, functional recovery by the left hemisphere improves recovery from aphasia, when compared with right hemisphere participation. TS has been applied to stimulate the activity of the left hemisphere or to inhibit homotopic areas in the right hemisphere. Various factors can interfere with the brain's response to TS, including the size and location of the lesion, the time elapsed since the causal event, and individual differences in the hemispheric language dominance pattern. The following questions are discussed in the present article: [a] Is inhibition of the right hemisphere truly beneficial?; [b] Is the transference of the language network to the left hemisphere truly desirable in all patients?; [c] Is the use of TS during the post-stroke subacute phase truly appropriate? Different patterns of neuroplasticity must occur in post-stroke aphasia.
Automatic classification of written descriptions by healthy adults: An overview of the application of natural language processing and machine learning techniques to clinical discourse analysis
Authors: Toledo Cíntia Matsuda , Cunha Andre , Scarton Carolina , Aluísio Sandra
Published: October 2015

Discourse production is an important aspect in the evaluation of brain-injured individuals. We believe that studies comparing the performance of brain-injured subjects with that of healthy controls must use groups with compatible education. A pioneering application of machine learning methods using Brazilian Portuguese for clinical purposes is described, highlighting education as an important variable in the Brazilian scenario.OBJECTIVE: The aims were to describe how to: (i) develop machine learning classifiers using features generated by natural language processing tools to distinguish descriptions produced by healthy individuals into classes based on their years of education; and (ii) automatically identify the features that best distinguish the groups.METHODS: The approach proposed here extracts linguistic features automatically from the written descriptions with the aid of two Natural Language Processing tools: Coh-Metrix-Port and AIC. It also includes nine task-specific features (three new ones, two extracted manually, besides description time; type of scene described - simple or complex; presentation order - which type of picture was described first; and age). In this study, the descriptions by 144 of the subjects studied in Toledo18 were used, which included 200 healthy Brazilians of both genders.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a radial basis function (RBF) kernel is the most recommended approach for the binary classification of our data, classifying three of the four initial classes. CfsSubsetEval (CFS) is a strong candidate to replace manual feature selection methods.
Discourse intervention strategies in Alzheimer's disease: Eye-tracking and the effect of visual cues in conversation
Authors: Brandão Lenisa , Monção Ana Maria , Andersson Richard , Holmqvist Kenneth
Published: October 2015

OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to investigate whether on-topic visual cues can serve as aids for the maintenance of discourse coherence and informativeness in autobiographical narratives of persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODS:The experiment consisted of three randomized conversation conditions: one without prompts, showing a blank computer screen; an on-topic condition, showing a picture and a sentence about the conversation; and an off-topic condition, showing a picture and a sentence which were unrelated to the conversation. Speech was recorded while visual attention was examined using eye tracking to measure how long participants looked at cues and the face of the listener.RESULTS:Results suggest that interventions using visual cues in the form of images and written information are useful to improve discourse informativeness in AD.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the potential of using images and short written messages as means of compensating for the cognitive deficits which underlie uninformative discourse in AD. Future studies should further investigate the efficacy of language interventions based in the use of these compensation strategies for AD patients and their family members and friends.
In vitro transcription of guide RNAs v2
Authors: Dewitt Mark , Julia Wong not provided
Published: October 2015

In vitro T7 template synthesis and transcription sgRNA protocol with SPRI beads
Progressive non-infectious anterior vertebral fusion in a baby with Saethre-Chotzen-acrocephalosyndactyly type III syndrome
Authors: Al Kaissi Ali , Grill Franz , Ganger Rudolf
Published: October 2015

We report on a 3-months old baby of Austrian origin and product of non-consanguineous parents. Abnormal craniofacial contour was the main deformity. The overall clinico-radiographic features were consistent with Saether-Chotzen-acrocephalosyndactyly type III syndrome. Bi-directional sequencing of the exon 8 and of the FGFR3-genes, exons 7 of FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor3) genes, the exon 5 of the FGFR1 gene, revealed no mutations. Sagittal MRI imaging of the spine showed anterior vertebral fusion along the thoraco-lumbar vertebrae compatible with the non-infectious type.