bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A qualitative exploration of migraine in students attending Irish Universities
Authors: Flynn Orla , Blake Catherine , Fullen Brona M.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The complex neurological disorder of migraine is prevalent (19%) and burdensome in university students. Qualitative research exploring the lived experience of migraine in students has yet to be conducted.

Methods

Students clinically diagnosed with migraine were recruited (purposive sampling) from a sample of Irish third-level institutions for a one-time anonymized Zoom focus group or individual interview. Focus group questions were sent to participants in advance. Interviews were iterative. Participants were also invited to submit a drawing. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and sent to participants for triangulation. Reflexive thematic content analysis was undertaken, data was imported to Microsoft Excel, initial codes were generated, and themes and sub-themes were derived from the codes. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Studies Checklist (S1 File) ensured study rigour.

Results

Twenty students from three Irish universities participated (mean age 23.8 years). The four key themes identified were (i) Migraine Characteristics, (ii) Migraine Self-Management, (iii) Migraine Clinical Management, and (iii) Migraine Impacts. Migraine was described as not just a headache but a debilitating sensory experience. A notable high level of self-management satisfaction indicated hopeful coping strategies. However, many participants said medications were ineffective and had side effects, and clinical management could be improved. Additionally, there was a marked academic and social impact of migraine, psychological issues abounded, and several participants worried about finances.

Conclusions

Migraine is impactful in a cohort of students attending Irish third-level institutions, with students carrying a wide range of debilitating migraine burdens. Students demonstrate an attitude of resilience and determination despite these challenges. Migraine awareness and education campaigns on university campuses are warranted.
Use of extracellular vesicle microRNA profiles in patients with acute myeloid leukemia for the identification of novel biomarkers
Authors: Kang Ka-Won , Gim Jeong-An , Hong Sunghoi , Kim Hyun Koo , Choi Yeonho , Park Ji-ho , Park Yong
Published: August 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to establish clinically significant microRNA (miRNA) sets using extracellular vesicles (EVs) from bone marrow (BM) aspirates of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and to identify the genes that interact with these EV-derived miRNAs in AML.

Materials and methods

BM aspirates were collected from 32 patients with AML at the time of AML diagnosis. EVs were isolated using size-exclusion chromatography. A total of 965 EV-derived miRNAs were identified in all the samples.

Results

We analyzed the expression levels of these EV-derived miRNAs of the favorable (n = 10) and non-favorable (n = 22) risk groups; we identified 32 differentially expressed EV-derived miRNAs in the non-favorable risk group. The correlation of these miRNAs with risk stratification and patient survival was analyzed using the information of patients with AML from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Of the miRNAs with downregulated expression in the non-favorable risk group, hsa-miR-181b and hsa-miR-143 were correlated with non-favorable risk and short overall survival. Regarding the miRNAs with upregulated expression in the non-favorable risk group, hsa-miR-188 and hsa-miR-501 were correlated with non-favorable risk and could predict poor survival. Through EV-derived miRNAs–mRNA network analysis using TCGA database, we identified 21 mRNAs that could be potential poor prognosis biomarkers.

Conclusions

Overall, our findings revealed that EV-derived miRNAs can serve as biomarkers for risk stratification and prognosis in AML. In addition, these EV-derived miRNA-based bioinformatic analyses could help efficiently identify mRNAs with biomarker potential, similar to the previous cell-based approach.
Healthcare professional and commissioners’ perspectives on the factors facilitating and hindering the implementation of digital tools for self-management of long-term conditions within UK healthcare pathways
Authors: Gavin James P. , Clarkson Paul , Muckelt Paul E. , Eckford Rachael , Sadler Euan , McDonough Suzanne , Barker Mary
Published: August 2024

Physical activity is important in the self-management of long-term conditions (LTCs). However, implementing physical activity into clinical practice is challenging, due to complex barriers including access to programmes, time pressures, and transport costs, for people with comorbidities, managing multiple responsibilities. Various digital tools exist to overcome these barriers and support wide-scale implementation to help people stay physically active. We explored the experiences, needs and preferences of healthcare professionals and commissioners, regarding the use of digital tools to support people with LTCs to self-manage using physical activity. This included barriers and facilitators to implementing digital tools to support people with LTCs in NHS settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted (April 2021 to January 2022) in Wessex, southern England, UK. Purposive sampling was used to recruit general practitioners and healthcare professionals, and convenience sampling to recruit commissioners (n = 15). Transcripts were coded to develop conceptual themes allowing comparisons between and among perspectives, with the Normalisation Process Theory (NPT)’s four constructs used to aid interpretation. Results showed that most digital tools supporting physical activity for LTCs, are not well implemented clinically. Current digital tools were seen to lack condition-specificity, usability/acceptability evidence-base, and voluntary sector involvement (i.e., NPT: coherence or ‘making sense’). Healthcare professionals and commissioners were unlikely to engage with use of digital tools unless they were integrated into health service IT systems and professional networks (i.e., NPT: cognitive participation), or adaptable to the digital literacy levels of service users and staff (i.e., NPT: collective action–needs for implementation). In practice, this meant being technically, easy to use and culturally accessible (i.e., NPT: collective action–promoting healthcare work). COVID-19 changed professional attitudes towards digital tools, in that they saw them being viable, feasible and critical options in a way they had not done before the pandemic. Implementation was also influenced by endorsement and trustworthiness enhancing the perception of them as secure and evidence-based (i.e., NPT: reflective monitoring). Our findings highlight that consideration must be given to ensuring that digital tools are accessible to both healthcare professionals and patients, have usability/acceptability, and are adaptable to specific LTCs. To promote clinical engagement, digital tools must be evidence-based, endorsed by professional networks, and integrated into existing health systems. Digital literacy of patients and professionals is also crucial for cross-service implementation.
Physical activity, obesity and risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases among patients with hypertension and diabetes attending a teaching hospital in Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad , Ahmed Sulaiman Dazumi , Eromon Pauline Etuajie , Fuh Neba Francis , Omoregbe Isaac Newton
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Preventing Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases (ASCVD) can best be achieved by promoting a healthy lifestyle through improvements in diet, physical activity, and avoidance of tobacco use and exposure to second-hand smoke. The study aimed to determine the association between physical activity as well as obesity and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases among patients with hypertension and diabetes attending Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), Irrua, Nigeria.

Methodology

The research was a descriptive, cross-sectional study of 394 systematically selected consenting patients with hypertension and diabetes presenting to a teaching hospital in Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria. The Cardiovascular risk assessment was determined using the Framingham 10year Risk of General Cardiovascular Disease. Anthropometric assessment, blood pressure and blood glucose were determined. Data was collected with a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed with Stata version 16. Chi square and logistic regression was used to test for association and significance level was set at p = 0.05.

Results

The study included 394 participants with a mean age of 54±15.47years. Respondents were mostly females (55.3%), physically inactive (70.3%), overweight (42.4%) and had a high risk (41.8%) of developing CVD in 10 years using Framingham categorisation. There was a significant association between physical activity (P<0.01; OR 2.45; CI: 1.53–3.92), obesity (P<0.01; OR 2.52; CI: 1.64–3.86) and risk of developing CVD.

Conclusion

The study found a statistically significant relationship between physical inactivity, obesity, and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Increasing physical activity levels need to be a top priority at all levels of healthcare as well as the general population.
The injectable contraceptives depot medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisterone enanthate substantially and differentially decrease testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin levels: A secondary study from the WHICH randomized clinical trial
Authors: Avenant Chanel , Singata-Madliki Mandisa , Bick Alexis J. , Africander Donita , Balakrishna Yusentha , Storbeck Karl-Heinz , Moliki Johnson M. , Dlamini Sigcinile , Skosana Salndave , Smit Jenni , Beksinska Mags , Beesham Ivana , Seocharan Ishen , Batting Joanne , Hofmeyr George J. , Hapgood Janet P.
Published: August 2024

HIV acquisition risk with norethisterone (NET) enanthate (NET-EN) is reportedly less than for depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular (DMPA-IM). We investigated the effects of these progestin-only injectable contraceptives on serum testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels, since these may play a role in sexual behavior and HIV acquisition. The open-label WHICH clinical trial, conducted at two sites in South Africa from 2018–2019, randomized HIV-negative women aged 18–40 years to 150 mg DMPA-IM 12-weekly (n = 262) or 200 mg NET-EN 8-weekly (n = 259). We measured testosterone by UHPLC-MS/MS and SHBG by immunoassay in matched pairs of serum samples collected at baseline (D0) and at peak serum progestin levels at 25 weeks post initiation (25W) (n = 214–218 pairs). Both contraceptives substantially decreased, from D0 to 25W, the total testosterone [DMPA-IM D0 0.560, 25W 0.423 nmol/L, -24.3% (p < 0.0001); NET-EN D0 0.551, 25W 0.253 nmol/L, -54.1%, (p < 0.0001)], SHBG [DMPA-IM D0 45.0, 25W 32.7 nmol/L, -29.8% (p < 0.0001); NET-EN D0 50.2, 25W 17.6 nmol/L, -65.1% (p < 0.0001)], and calculated free testosterone levels [DMPA-IM D0 6.87, 25W 5.38 pmol/L, -17.2% (p = 0.0371); NET-EN D0 6.00, 25W 3.70, -40.0% (p < 0.0001)]. After adjusting for change from D0, the total testosterone, SHBG and calculated free testosterone levels were significantly higher for DMPA-IM than NET-EN (64.9%, p < 0.0001; 101.2%, p < 0.0001; and 38.0%, p = 0.0120, respectively). The substantial and differential decrease in testosterone and SHBG levels does not explain our previous finding of no detected decrease in risky sexual behavior or sexual function for DMPA-IM or NET-EN users from D0 to 25W. Medroxyprogesterone (MPA) and NET are androgenic and are both present in molar excess over testosterone and SHBG concentrations at 25W. Any within or between contraceptive group androgenic effects on behavior in the brain are likely dominated by the androgenic activities of MPA and NET and not by the decreased endogenous testosterone levels. The clinical trial was registered with the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR 202009758229976).
Dexamethasone inhibited angiotensin II and its receptors to reduce sepsis-induced lung and kidney injury in rats
Authors: Zhan Zhuqin , Lian Zhulan , Bai Haitao
Published: August 2024

Objectives

To investigate the effect of dexamethasone (DXM) on acute lung and kidney injury with sepsis and its possible mechanism.

Methods

Control (NC), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipopolysaccharide + dexamethasone (LPS+DXM) treated groups were established by random assignment of 72 Wistar rats. The NC rats were injected with physiological saline, while the LPS group was injected with LPS (5 mg/kg) and LPS+DXM group was injected with LPS(5 mg/kg) first and followed by DXM (1 mg/kg). Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and serum macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α) were measured by ELISA. Lung wet/dry weight ratio, serum creatinine(SCR) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were determined at various time points. Hematoxylin Eosin staining (HE) for pathological changes in the lung and kidney. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect the levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) in plasma, lung and kidney tissues. Immunohistochemistry and western blot (WB) were used to detect angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) protein and angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2R) protein in lung and kidney tissues. The level of nitric oxide (NO) in serum, lung and kidney were detected using nitrate reductase method.

Results

Compared with control group, serum TNF-α, MIP-1α, SCR, BUN, lung W/D, Ang II level in plasma, lung and kidney, lung and kidney AT2R protein, NO level in serum, lung and kidney were significantly elevated(P<0.05) and pathological damage of lung and kidney tissues were showed in LPS group rats (P<0.05), whereas DXM down-regulated the above indexes and alleviate pathological damage of lung and kidney tissues. However, the expression of the lung and kidney AT1R protein was opposite to the above results.

Conclusions

Sepsis can cause acute lung and kidney injury and changes RAAS components in circulating, lung and renal. DXM can improve acute lung and kidney injury in septic rats, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of inflammatory factors, AngII, AT2R, NO and up-regulation of AT1R expression by DXM.
Citarum Living Lab: Co-creating visions for sustainable river revitalisation
Authors: Hadfield Paris , Prescott Michaela , Holden Jane , Novalia Wikke , Suwarso Reni , Marthanty Dwinanti Rika , Priadi Cindy , Kirana Kartika Hajar , Endyana Cipta , Hardesty Britta Denise , Taufik Farhan Dzakwan , Zurbrügg Christian , Josey Brendan , Astuti Nanda , Wong Tony , Ramirez-Lovering Diego , Raven Rob
Published: August 2024

Integrative transdisciplinary approaches to watershed management are critical for addressing intersecting social, economic, and ecological processes that shape planetary health outcomes for humans, animals, and ecosystems. These challenges are acute in watersheds like the Citarum River in West Java, Indonesia, which suffers from severe pollution due to inadequate waste management infrastructure, and is worsened by rapid urbanisation and a changing climate, which further degrades the river ecosystem and threatens lives and livelihoods. Developing a unified approach to addressing these complex problems, and responding to real world social, governance, and biophysical conditions through integrated water management, is difficult to achieve in practice. Responding to this challenge, living labs have emerged as a mode of transdisciplinary research and implementation that incorporates the expertise of diverse stakeholders in real-world settings to learn and develop solutions to complex challenges, like those faced in the Citarum River. While living lab approaches have been used widely in Western cities, there is little research that investigates its usefulness in informal peri-urban settlements. This paper presents a case study of the Citarum Living Lab, a live action research program that aims to co-develop, test, and learn from socio-technical experiments in real-world settings in collaboration with an interdisciplinary international research consortium, government, NGOs, businesses, community leaders, and residents. With the ultimate aim of revitalising the Citarum river and its surrounding environments and communities, the program engages with community experiences, existing institutional frameworks, and changing environmental conditions. This paper identifies the conditions and factors that enable and constrain a living lab approach in a vulnerable peri-urban watershed from the perspective of the research team by employing a reflexive participatory action research methodology. Place-based, transdisciplinary responses to planetary health imperatives in this context require navigation of complex, multi-level governance contexts and novel resourcing models to support applied research, implementation, and learning.
Collaborating on The Translator: The aesthetics and politics of screenwriting
Authors: Boéri Julie , Kazkaz Rana
Published: August 2024

A year before production of the narrative feature length film The Translator (2020) was set to begin, Rana Kazkaz, the screenwriter and director, was contacted by Julie Boéri, an interpreter and translation studies scholar, who, intrigued by the film’s title, wanted to know more. They met and what ensued was a year-long interdisciplinary dialogue on the process of screenwriting the feature film The Translator. As a result, significant questions were addressed regarding the nature of translation, plot and character analysis. Therefore, the creation of a two-voice paper became the most effective way to retell the story of how our collaboration brought to bear on both the aesthetics and politics of screenwriting. Adopting a dual focus on screenwriting as a process and a product, our conversation delves into the aesthetic process of fictionalizing activist translation during the writing of the screenplay and examines the multiple political acts of translation activism depicted in the film: interpreting, subtitling, fixing, etc. It reflects on the screening experience for audiences across countries, languages, cultures and disciplines as well as the complexity of translation in high-risk activism and global politics. Ultimately, this collaboration illustrates the ways in which interdisciplinarity mutually enhances creative and academic endeavours.
‘Football Isn’t Just a Game’: Ted Lasso, utopia and the issue of sportswashing
Authors: Bantle Sophie-Constanze
Published: August 2024

The Apple TV+ series Ted Lasso (2020–23) presents a utopian vision of English football, which embodies both the positive and negative connotations inherent to utopian storytelling in entertainment and sports fiction more specifically. Using the example of a Premier League club, Ted Lasso presents an escapist and feel-good narrative, promoting values such as empathy, kindness and community to overcome personal challenges, something that was particularly valuable for many viewers during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, it neglects structural and institutional shortcomings in English football, such as sportswashing, racism and homophobia, while sharing financial interests with the Premier League and thus running the risk of absolving it of some of its shortcomings.
Límites y fronteras en la Historia de Brasil
Authors: Santos Pérez José Manuel
Published: August 2024

Límites y fronteras en la Historia de Brasil.
Innovación de soluciones para la exclusión socioeconómica de las periferias urbanas brasileñas
Authors: Coelho Figueiredo Nóbrega Natasha
Published: August 2024

Fernández, M. V. (2014). La ciudadanía incompleta: derechos económicos y sociales de la periferia urbana de Brasil. Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca. 445 p.La presente reseña busca describir el trabajo de caracterización de las condiciones de exclusión de las periferias urbanas brasileñas, de acuerdo con la investigación de Fernandez. Al combinar elementos cuantitativos y cualitativos en su estudio, la autora logra diagnosticar las dimensiones en las que el disfrute de los derechos económicos y sociales es deficitario, y también identificar qué factores pueden contribuir a su aumento. Así, la autora construye el Índice de Disfrute de los Derechos Económicos y Sociales (IDES), y percibe las alianzas trisectoriales comunitarias, o sea, centradas, no en el Estado o en mercado, sino en las organizaciones sociales, como esenciales para la formulación e implementación de políticas concretas exitosas en estas zonas de segregación social.
El Dialogo de Violencias en el Brasil Dictatorial
Authors: Grimaldi Anna Isabella , Cazzasa Julio
Published: August 2024

Este artículo presenta una lectura preliminar de los panfletos políticos brasileños y latinoamericanos en general, preservados en el sector de las Colecciones Especiales de la Biblioteca emSenate House/em, de la Universidad de Londres, Reino Unido. Los temas que abarca van desde publicaciones de sindicatos y organizaciones de derechos humanos hasta declaraciones de diversas iglesias y material relacionado con aspectos económicos y políticos. Esta colaboración tiene como objetivo difundir la existencia de los documentos y de su uso potencial en cuanto representan una narrativa alternativa a los discursos dominantes sobre la dictadura brasileña de 1964. Usando el tema de la violencia, tanto estructural como física, este artículo presenta una nueva perspectiva sobre cómo interpretar las ideologías que aparecen en esos discursos.
De esculpir e materializar los tiempos. La representación cinematográfica del paisaje vertical de la ciudad de Recife
Authors: Lino Bárbara , Nascimento Cristiano
Published: August 2024

Desde los años 1990, Recife ha visto su paisaje transformado por la proliferación de edificios de viviendas verticales. Este fenómeno está representado en películas recientemente rodadas en la ciudad - uno de los principales centros audiovisuales de Brasil. Tal representación no es sólo de la verticalización como escenario, sino como tema central de los guiones, lo que contribuye al debate sobre calidad urbana y el derecho a la ciudad. En un análisis sincrónico, se percibe que la producción audiovisual de Recife, en un primer momento, describe/denuncia la incomodidad generada por el paisaje vertical; en una segunda etapa, se apropia de un discurso más técnico, típico de la arquitectura y el urbanismo, al mismo tiempo que se apropian de ella movimientos y acciones colectivas que la utilizan como una herramienta de comunicación/movilización.
Brasil-Mozambique: Un estudio comparado del establecimiento de las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Uetela Pedro
Published: August 2024

La institucionalización de las Ciencias Sociales no coincidió con su aparición y, en algunos contextos, como el brasileño, el establecimiento de la misma fue el resultado de la mezcla de dos modelos de escuelas (la europea se funde con el modelo norteamericano, en especial la Escuela de Chicago). Sin embargo, parece ser el modelo posterior (el de la escuela norteamericana) el que caracteriza en Brasil la construcción del dominio de las ciencias sociales mediante la combinación de teoría e investigación. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis comparado de la formación de las ciencias sociales en dos países (Brasil y Mozambique). Tiene como soporte metodológico la revisión bibliográfica y la interpretación de algunos datos existentes sobre el tema, formulando la siguiente hipótesis: Mientras que en ambos países la institución de la sociología, la antropología y las ciencias políticas es tardía, la construcción de las ciencias sociales en Brasil es el resultado de los modelos de dos grades escuelas (la europea y la norteamericana); en Mozambique se nota sobre todo el establecimiento de la misma a partir de un paradigma único, el europeo, heredado de la colonización.
Presentación de los Directores
Authors: Santos Pérez José Manuel , Beçak Rubens
Published: August 2024

Texto de presentación del número 6 (volumen 4) de la Revista de Estudios Brasileños.
Lavoura Arcaica: voces desgarradas en el diálogo entre la novela y la película
Authors: Reyes Josmar
Published: August 2024

En una perspectiva intersemiótica, el objeto del artículo es pensar en el proceso de transformación narrativa de lo literario a lo fílmico, teniendo como base analítica la novela de Raduan Nassar, Lavoura Arcaica, y la película homónima de Luiz Fernando Carvalho. La novela, narrada en primera persona, se depara con una complejidad enunciativa fílmica. André narra las aventuras de su regreso a la casa paterna, describiendo la atmósfera y la reflexión del personaje en un juego espacio-temporal complejo. La película rescata, a través del recurso de la voz en off, el discurso literal del personaje de la novela. No obstante, este discurso se convierte en una enunciación secundaria en la película debido a la heterogeneidad enunciativa fílmica, marcada por la presencia de la imagen y de los diferentes recursos narrativos (sonidos, música intra y extradiegética, etc.).
Cine como dispositivo histórico-político en los casos de Cabra marcado para morrer y Chile, la memoria obstinada
Authors: Savernini Erika
Published: August 2024

En los años 1960-1970, el cine latino-americano estuvo fuertemente marcado por la política a causa de las victorias de la Revolución Cubana y de Salvador Allende y de los regímenes dictatoriales instaurados entonces.  Se produjo también un fortalecimiento de las cinematografías nacionales, que proponían estilos narrativos, estéticos y de producción propios. A partir de ese contexto, proponemos el análisis de dos casos particulares de películas rodadas en el momento de la eclosión del golpe, y que fueron retomadas cerca de 20 años después: Cabra marcado para morrer, del brasileño Eduardo Coutinho, y Chile, la memoria obstinada, de Patricio Guzmán. Esas películas registran lo que pasó con los personajes “comunes” que participaron en la producción anterior, promueven una resignificación de los acontecimientos, despiertan memorias individuales y construyen memorias histórico-colectivas.
Lectura de O som ao redor y su recepción crítica
Authors: Mousinho Luiz Antonio
Published: August 2024

Partiendo de la sugerencia de Robert Stam de que el cine no es “apenas a história dos filmes e cineastas, mas também a história dos sucessivos sentidos que os públicos têm atribuído ao cinema” (Stam, 2003, p. 257), procuramos observar aspectos de la recepción de la película O som ao redor, así como investigar elementos de su construcción narrativa, con base en la narratología. Trataremos aquí, sobretodo, de un tipo específico de recepción, configurada en la crítica. Observaremos la recurrencia a la remisión a las relaciones entre ficción y sociedad presentes en las críticas, buscando percibir cómo se entiendedicho aspecto, al mismo tiempo en que observaremos en el texto fílmico las posibilidades narrativas exploradas en lo que respecta a las representaciones sociales.
Ingresos monetarios y riqueza familiar en asentamientos ambientalmente diferenciados en la Amazonia: un análisis comparativo en Anapu (Pará, Brasil)
Authors: De Lima Costa Mara Cristina , Porro Roberto
Published: August 2024

El artículo examina la composición de los ingresos monetarios y el patrimonio familiar de hogares ubicadosen 2 tipos de asentamientos de reforma agraria: convencional (PA) y ambientalmente diferenciado (Proyectode Desarrollo Sostenible, PDS). El estudio cuantitativo se realizó mediante aplicación de diagnósticos en 2 PAs y 2 PDS ubicados en Anapu, estado de Pará. Los resultados indican diferencias entre las dos modalidades de asentamiento, especialmente en los niveles de capitalización y estrategias productivas. Los PDS presentan un promedio anual de ingresos monetarios de R$ 27.807, significativamente inferior al de los PAs (R$ 47.815). El resultado es similar para el valor promedio del patrimonio familiar: R$ 363.797 en PAs y R$ 172.680 en PDS. La falta de inversión estatal en infraestructura y en ayudas a la producción ha contribuido al abandono de muchas parcelas por parte de sus propietarios, situación más frecuente en los PDS, por su menor nivel de capitalización, corroborando que esta modalidad presenta dificultades para promover el desarrollo sostenible.
Da negação do direito à cidade à luta pela moradia no centro: o caso da ocupação “Canto da Estrela” em São Luís (Maranhão, Brasil)
Authors: Castro Chaves Everton César Roberto
Published: August 2024

A moradia para as classes populares nunca constituiu prioridade para as políticas públicas nas cidades brasileiras. Os pobres sempre tiveram que ocupar áreas insalubres e desprovidas de infraestrutura que não despertam o interesse do mercado imobiliário ou arriscarem-se em busca de moradia em áreas com maior infraestrutura urbana, próximo aos empregos, onde acabam ocupando terrenos e/ou prédios públicos ou privados nos centros das cidades. As ocupações nos centros das cidades brasileiras, portanto, têm se transformado em alternativa concreta e luta legítima para os despossuídos de direitos sociais, como o direito à moradia, frente ao modelo de urbanização excludente. Este artigo analisa, à luz do direito à cidade, o dilema dos ocupantes - pobres, negros e não brancos, trabalhadores informais, sem-teto - entre a resistência em continuar no prédio ocupado, no Centro histórico de São Luís no estado do Maranhão (Brasil), e a aquisição da tão sonhada casa própria fora do centro.
Dairy farmworkers’ knowledge of the causes, risk factors, and clinical signs of bovine lameness
Authors: Matshetsheni Sibulele , Jaja Ishmael Festus
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim: Observing lameness in dairy cows is the primary animal-based indicator of their overall welfare and health status. The study evaluated dairy farmworkers’ understanding of bovine lameness’s causes, risk factors, and clinical symptoms in Kwa-Zulu Natal Province, South Africa.

Materials and Methods: Eleven dairy farms provided the data through questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of five sections: The first section (A) gathered demographic data (age, gender, experience, level of study), and the second section (B) dealt with farm specifics (size, grazing method). Sections C, D, and E cover farm workers’ knowledge of lameness risk factors, clinical signs of lameness, and treatment and management of lameness, respectively.

Results: About 85.5% of horses experience lameness during summer, contrasted to 15% during autumn. The seasonal results were statistically significant (p < 0.05). 93% of respondents identified a decrease in appetite as the most common sign of lameness, while 94% reported reduced milk yield and 90% increased lying time; a significant correlation was found between awareness of clinical signs and localities (p < 0.05). Age, gender, and occupation level (p < 0.05) were identified as contributing factors to the movement problem in the dairy industry, necessitating training for farm workers to enhance their knowledge.

Conclusion: Although there is a satisfactory (81%) understanding of lameness by farm workers. There is still need for improvement, hence, farm worker training and retraining are essential for managing and reducing the instances of bovine lameness.

Keywords: foot rot, increased lying time, knowledge, lameness, milk yield, reduced milk yield.
Rabies surveillance and prevention in Guinea: Epidemiological data and postexposure prophylaxis challenges
Authors: Touré Aissatou , Savadogo Madi , Doumbouya Mohamed Idriss , Kourouma Fassou , Gbamou Pépé , Tarnagda Zékiba , Bada-Alambedji Rianatou
Published: August 2024

Background and Aim: Canine rabies is an endemic form of zoonosis and represents a major public health threat in Guinea, similar to other African countries. However, few investigations on the epidemiology of rabies in animals and humans have been conducted, and evidence-based data required to inform health policies remain inadequate. This study was conducted to update our knowledge of human dog-mediated rabies epidemiology and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) accessibility-related factors in Guinea.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study, conducted from January 2018 to December 2020, collected data on animal bite cases, veterinary observations, rabies diagnoses through fluorescent antibody test, and PEP delivery from three veterinary and medical entities. Statistical analysis utilized Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test to evaluate relationships between variables.

Results: An average of 775 bites was recorded annually, and dogs were responsible for 98% of bites. However, only 64% of the biting dogs were under veterinary observation as required for integrated bite case management. Regarding the geographical distribution of bite cases, the entire country was affected, with the highest number of bites recorded in the prefectures of Nzérékoré and the special zone of Conakry. In addition, the laboratory diagnosis of brain samples from biting dogs indicated that 72% of the samples were rabies-positive. However, regarding prevention, only 58% of the bitten individuals received full PEP.

Conclusion: Improving disease surveillance and PEP provision for dog-transmitted rabies is crucial to preventing human cases and deaths. Increasing community awareness is essential for enhancing dog vaccination and PEP utilization. A national action plan integrating stakeholders for controlling canine rabies should be developed for effective One Health collaboration.

Keywords: animal bite management, cats, cattle, dogs, fluorescent antibody test, Guinea, humans, monkeys, rabies.
Figyelem- és termelésirányítás Esterházy Péter Termelési-regényében
Authors: Molnár Gábor Tamás
Published: August 2024

A tanulmány Esterházy Péter Termelési-regényére összpontosítva tekinti át a figyelem néhány lehetséges irodalom- és olvasáselméleti vonatkozását. Egy olyan szövegrész olvasásából indulok ki, amely könnyen érthető a szocialista-realista, vagy tágabban a mimetikus kódokat előtérbe állító irodalmi elvárásrendszer szatírájaként. A termelésirányítási közegben játszódó jelenetből kihasított passzus olvasható úgy is, mint ahol az irodalom ideologikus, az „eszmei mondanivalót” előzetesen adottnak vevő felfogása ütközik egy újszerű és komplex, „parametrikus” felfogással, amely nem az ismertnek vélt valóság visszatükrözésének elvére, hanem a dinamikus, változó és nehezen kiismerhető vagy megjósolható valóság irodalmi „modellezésére” épít. A tanulmány a szövegben figyelemfelkeltő helyen szereplő „parametrikus programozás” kifejezés lehetséges irodalom- és művészetelméleti konnotációit, valamint ezeknek az Esterházy-regény poétikájával való összefüggéseit elemzi néhány releváns szövegrészlet közelebbi olvasása révén. Ezen keresztül világít rá arra, hogy Esterházy regénye milyen sajátos figyelemaktusok végrehajtására készteti az olvasót annak érdekében, hogy utóbbi képes legyen a szöveget értelmes esztétikai tapasztalatként befogadni.
Persisting Cutaneous Pancreatic Fistula in a Patient With Necrotizing Pancreatitis: A Novel Approach of Transfistulous Histoacryl Occlusion
Authors: Cardinal von Widdern Julian , Stangl Franz , Wohlgemuth Walter A. , Brill Richard , Kleeff Jörg , Rosendahl Jonas
Published: August 2024

Necrotizing pancreatitis with superinfection of necrotic tissue is associated with a high rate of complications and mortality. The step-up approach is a well-established treatment strategy for necrotizing pancreatitis, emphasizing minimally invasive and endoscopic interventions before considering surgical options. Minimally invasive strategies often involve percutaneous drainage of collections, which carries the risk of persisting cutaneous pancreatic fistulas. Since there is currently no guidance for managing this scenario, we present a novel treatment approach that utilized tissue glue to occlude a persisting and clinically compromising percutaneous fistula. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge in the treatment of percutaneous pancreatic fistulas and provide a potential therapeutic algorithm for further evaluation.
Coexisting Organoaxial Gastric Volvulus and Sigmoid Volvulus With Complications
Authors: Sadikot Mariyam , Nicolle Gunter
Published: August 2024

Very few cases of coexisting organoaxial gastric and sigmoid volvuli have been reported. In here we describe 1 such case. Our patient, a 92-year-old man, was treated with a flexible sigmoidoscopy with decompression for his sigmoid volvulus. For the gastric volvulus, the patient was initially treated with an upper endoscopic gastric decompression and subsequently treated with a laparoscopic anterior gastropexy. After the gastropexy, the patient developed bleeding and ischemia of the stomach, which is a rare complication due to the stomach's rich blood supply. This case report reiterates the need to consider rare complications in patients with such rare pathologies.
Necrotizing Pancreatitis After Bland Embolization of a Large Hepatic Hemangioma
Authors: Khan Ayesha , Hawes Julia , Zhang Julia , Khan Ahmed , Szauter Karen , Falamaki Maryamnaz , Kueht Michael L. , Cicalese Luca , Parupudi Sreeram
Published: August 2024

Liver embolization is a common procedure for management of liver lesions. Embolization can be performed using only an embolic material or along with chemotherapy agents. Infrequent complications seen postliver embolization include pulmonary thromboembolism, hepatic infarct, liver abscess, liver failure, ischemic biliary strictures, and less frequently pancreatic damage (incidence of 1.7%). We describe a case of necrotizing pancreatitis after bland embolization of a large hepatic hemangioma. The exact mechanisms of acute pancreatitis after liver embolization are uncertain, although direct ischemic mechanisms, toxic effects of antineoplastic agents, and volume of embospheres used are believed to play a role.
Las fuentes en la formación disciplinar de los estudiantes del Primer Ciclo de las carreras de Historia. Dificultades que enfrentan los estudiantes en el trabajo con testimonios de la historia colonial americana
Authors: Vecari Silvina
Published: August 2024

El artículo es parte de una investigación de tesis que abordó la comprensión de la especificidad del conocimiento histórico a través de la utilización de fuentes históricas en los procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje de la disciplina, con los objetivos de visibilizar las representaciones de estudiantes que obstaculizaban el abordaje de la conquista española de América, a la vez que reconocer las competencias que permitirían comprender e interpretar fuentes históricas. Describe una investigación-acción en la cátedra de Historia Americana I del Primer Ciclo de las carreras del Profesorado y Licenciatura en Historia, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral. La elección de una propuesta de investigación-acción facilitó el abordaje de situaciones áulicas experimentadas como problemáticas y requirió de la reflexión-en-la-acción sobre aspectos concernientes a las prácticas de enseñanza universitaria, como prácticas sociales que se configuran al considerar las particularidades, las heterogeneidades y las dificultades que poseen las/os sujetos que aprenden.
Refutación y dialéctica en la sofística, Platón y Aristóteles
Authors: Spangerberg Pilar , Berrón Manuel
Published: August 2024

En ocasión del homenaje a la figura y al recorrido académico de la Dra. Graciela Marcos, se presentan un conjunto de artículos elaborados por prestigiosos investigadores del plano nacional e internacional inspirados en tópicos que la Dra. Marcos cultivó a lo largo de su carrera tales como la metafísica y la dialéctica platónicas. Los autores, muchos de los cuales se han formado con ella, indagan problemáticas vinculadas a sus líneas de investigación en reconocimiento a la destacada labor de la Dra. Marcos en el desarrollo de la filosofía antigua.
Modelos de recepción poética en Platón y Aristóteles
Authors: Soares Lucas
Published: August 2024

En este artículo nos proponemos indagar acerca del tipo de receptor de poesía que subyace en los planteos de Platón y Aristóteles, a fin de esbozar los rasgos sobresalientes de cada uno y dar cuenta de algunas de las similitudes y contrastes entre ambos modelos de recepción poética. Sostenemos que la crítica que Platón dirige contra la poesía tradicional no solo le permite a este delinear un nuevo paradigma de poesía admisible para su pólis ideal, sino también un tipo de receptor de poesía que le ofrecerá a Aristóteles la posibilidad de configurar el suyo sobre la base de las similitudes y contrastes con el modelo de recepción de su maestro.
Неявная итерационная схема на основе алгоритма псевдообращения и ее применения
Authors: Zhdanov Aleksandr Ivanovich , Sidorov Yury Vyacheslavovich
Published: August 2024

Предложена новая версия неявной итерационной схемы, для реализации которой требуются лишь
матрично-векторные вычислительные процедуры.
Это делает предлагаемую вычислительную схему потенциально высокоэффективной для решения широкого класса задач большой размерности на современных высокопроизводительных вычислительных платформах, например Nvidia Cuda.
Показано, что предлагаемые алгоритмы могут быть использованы для решения плохо обусловленных линейных систем и задач наименьших квадратов, а также для построения итерационных алгоритмов регуляризации.
Приводятся результаты вычислительных экспериментов, подтверждающие эффективность предлагаемых вычислительных алгоритмов.
Manifestações de compreensão responsiva em avaliação de leitura
Authors: Malinoski Pianaro Angelo Cristiane , José Menegassi Renilson
Published: August 2024

Fundamentado na perspectiva de Bakhtin e seu Círculo, o presente artigo, de cunho teórico-reflexivo, discute aspectos constitutivos da compreensão responsiva leitora, bem como apresenta e comenta as formas de compreensão, constatadas em respostas a perguntas de avaliação de leitura, de alunos de 5ª série do Ensino Fundamental. Ao reunir os aspectos teóricos discutidos com as análises feitas nas respostas dos alunos foram percebidas quatro diferentes formas de expressão de compreensão: reprodutivas, em processo de construção autônoma, não-expansivas e criativas, as quais permitem entender como os alunos se manifestam no discurso escrito quando lhes são apresentadas perguntas que exigem respostas em forma de contrapalavra.
The European Directive on Common Rules Promoting the Repair of Goods. A Critical Assessment of its Drafting Process
Authors: López Bermúdez Francisco , Vence Xavier
Published: August 2024

The European Commission has recently launched a proposal for a Directive to promote repair. In this paper we critically analyse the drafting process in order to understand the resulting policy options. We consider that although the ambition of the Directive was low from the beginning given the limited policy options, it became even worse during the consultation period. The selection of barriers to repair was limited, and manufacturers pushed for a narrow and closed form of Right-to-Repair (R2R) that transferred all control over the potentially emerging repair market to them. Some information measures were proposed so as to increase transparency, potentially increasing the administrative burden on independent repairers, along with measures to encourage repair when under legal guarantee. This Directive fails to promote repair or help independent repairers overcome access barriers, nor does it allow member states to go beyond the limits imposed in the Directive itself.
The Effect of The Isokinetic Shoulder Strength on the Phases of Speed
Authors: Şahin İbrahim Halil , Kıvrak Ali Osman
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the isokinetic shoulder strength on the phases of speed performance. The study included 45 male participants who were athletes or had a sports background. The mean age of the participants was 19.64±2.02 years, the mean height was 175.11±14.54 cm, the mean body weight was 68.44±5.96 kg, and the mean sports age was 5.40±3.90 years.
In the study, data on the isokinetic shoulder strength and phases of speed were collected. A 100-meter sprint test was used to evaluate the phases of speed, and a Cybex Humac Norm 2004 device was used to determine the isokinetic shoulder strength. In light of the results obtained, left shoulder extension peak torque (left SEPT) and left shoulder flexion peak torque (left SFPT) values were found to affect all phases of speed except reaction speed, while right shoulder extension peak torque (right SEPT) values were found to affect only reaction speed and middle acceleration phase. Furthermore, right shoulder flexion peak torque (right SFPT) values were found to affect all speed phases except early acceleration and the transition phase. In general, the isokinetic shoulder strength was found to affect all phases of speed, with the highest effect level in the maximum speed and in the continuity phases of speed.
In conclusion, the isokinetic shoulder strength is thought to have a significant effect on overall speed performance. The isokinetic shoulder strength has the most effect, especially in the maximum speed and speed continuity phases. Shoulder strength should be taken into consideration when organizing the training programs of athletes in all sports branches that include short- or long-distance speed performance.
Caracterización fenotípica y molecular de Shewanella algae aislada de tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) de cultivo en Perú
Authors: Sierralta Chichizola Verónica , Mayta Huatuco Egma , León Quispe Jorge , Alfaro Aguilera Rubén
Published: August 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue aislar, caracterizar e identificar la bacteria Shewanella algae a partir de muestras de órganos internos de tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus) enfermas, las cuales estuvieron cultivadas con tecnología biofloc en Lima, Perú; además, se describieron los cambios histopatológicos provocados por el patógeno. Se muestrearon 85 tilapias que presentaron signos clínicos de enfermedad como exoftalmia, melanosis y nado errático. Se aislaron siete cepas bacterianas las cuales fueron caracterizadas a través de pruebas bioquímicas y confirmadas como S. algae mediante la técnica de PCR y secuenciamiento del gen RNAr 16S. Las cepas mostraron susceptibilidad antibiótica a florfenicol, ácido nalidíxico, gentamicina, flumequina, kanamicina y sulfatrimetoprim. Los hallazgos histopatológicos fueron hiperplasia interlamelar, epicarditis, miocarditis, enteritis, necrosis en estómago y congestión en diversos tejidos.
Future multiplanetary economy utilizing the space elevator
Authors: Gaviraghi Giorgio
Published: August 2024

In the near future following the needs of space development, expected, but not yet available technologies will enter the scene and may represent a paradigm shift in space, allowing a strong and growing space based economy. Currently, the space elevator remains a distant goal from both technological and operational standpoints. However, its potential introduction signifies a paradigm shift in space accessibility, promising significantly reduced costs and increased payload capacities. Its implementation forecasts the development of a space-based economy spanning the entire solar system, encompassing planets, moons, selected asteroids, and comets. This vision sees space evolving into a platform for a multiplanetary society. This article aims to explore various scenarios enabled by space elevator technology, extending beyond Earth to integrate it into traveling settlements as essential infrastructure. Possibilities include assembling space settlements in geostationary terminals and implementing space transportation systems with a cruiser-feeder concept, where the elevator serves as a crucial link between planetary surfaces, cruisers, and container transportation systems. Furthermore, it involves utilizing the elevator to deflect asteroid collisions, assemble traveling settlements, and establish space factories using deflected asteroids as sources of raw materials. The envisioned space economy has the potential to surpass the terrestrial one, potentially generating quadrillion-dollar figures to benefit humanity on a grand scale. While these goals are ambitious, leveraging space elevator technology can expedite the process, offering immediate benefits and facilitating the establishment of a multiplanetary society that integrates both humans and AI-powered artificial beings.