bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secondary beryl in cordierite/sekaninaite pseudomorphs from granitic pegmatites – A monitor of elevated content of beryllium in the precursor
Authors: Gadas Petr , Novák Milan , Vašinová Galiová Michaela , Szuszkiewicz Adam , Pieczka Adam , Haifler Jakub , Cempírek Jan
Published: December 2020

Cordierite-group minerals (cordierite and sekaninaite) from granitic pegmatites are often strongly to completely altered to a fine- or coarse-grained mixture of muscovite, chlorite and/or, biotite, along with several less common secondary minerals, including mainly paragonite, tourmaline, and secondary beryl. The mixture is a common product of early subsolidus hydrothermal alteration at the examined pegmatites of the beryl-columbite subtype – Věžná I and Drahonín (Moldanubian Zone, Czech Republic) and Mount Begbie (Shuswap Complex, Canada); of the beryl-columbite-phosphate subtype – Szklary (Góry Sowie Block, Poland); and of miarolitic intragranitic pegmatites – Zimnik (Massif Strzegom-Sobótka, Poland). We studied in detail (EPMA, LA-ICP-MS) relics of primary cordierite/sekaninaite: Věžná I (Crd77–72Sek27–22MnCrd2–1, Be = 0.39–0.25 apfu, Li = 0.06–0.04 apfu), Drahonín (Crd13–9Sek74–71MnCrd17–16, Be = 0.24–0.18 apfu, Li = 0.07–0.05 apfu), Szklary (Crd50–49Sek30–26MnCrd25–21, Be = 0.45–0.41 apfu, Li ≤ 0.02 apfu), Mount Begbie (Crd34–33Sek53–43MnCrd24–14, Be = 0.33–0.29 apfu, Li = 0.26–0.23 apfu), and Zimnik (Crd2–1Sek75–71MnCrd28–23, Be = 0.25–0.15 apfu, Li = 0.18–0.12 apfu). Secondary beryl has a similar Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratio to its cordierite/sekaninaite precursor but is Mn depleted. The mineral assemblages and textures of the pseudomorphs were examined with a focus on secondary beryl, which forms anhedral grains to subhedral elongated crystals, up to 0.3 mm in size, or aggregates of these in textural equilibrium with associated phyllosilicates and tourmaline. Tourmaline is known from Věžná I, Drahonín, Mount Begbie, and Zimnik, the last also with topaz and “zinnwaldite” (a mineral with chemical composition between siderophyllite and polylithionite). Secondary beryl in pseudomorphs after cordierite/sekaninaite from granitic pegmatites and more evolved granites may have been often overlooked; hence, we present its textures and morphology so that it can be recognized during routine EPMA study and to study the source of elevated concentrations of Be in primary cordierite/sekaninaite. The empirical limit of detection of secondary beryl in pseudomorphs is ∼500–1000 ppm Be, which corresponds to ∼1–2 vol.% of secondary beryl. The chemical composition of the secondary beryl and other minerals indicate that the fluids responsible for the alteration were exsolved from the residual pegmatite melt and were not contaminated by fluids from the host rocks.
PSICOPATOLOGIA E ABSOLUTISMOS: UNIVERSALISMO, OBJETIVISMO E FUNDACIONALISMO NA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Florsheim David Borges
Published: December 2020

A área da psicopatologia –, aquela que contém o conjunto de conhecimentos referentes ao adoecimento mental – é permeada por diversas controvérsias de âmbito teórico, prático, ético e metodológico. A grande diversidade de modelos explicativos é uma das características da psicopatologia que contribuem para a criação e manutenção dessas controvérsias existentes, ao mesmo tempo em que estabelece desafios para o profissional dedicado a essa área do saber. Nesse artigo aborda-se a concepção de a existência de absolutismos tais como universalismo, objetivismo e fundacionalismo contribuir para as dificuldades de diálogo entre profissionais adeptos dos diferentes modelos explicativos existentes na psicopatologia. Tais dificuldades prejudicam tanto a pesquisa científica como o próprio tratamento de pacientes e, portanto, faz-se urgente um melhor entendimento dessas formas de absolutismo para que seja possível superá-las, sendo esse o principal objetivo desse artigo. Como alternativa aos absolutismos defende-se tanto o pluralismo em todos os âmbitos referidos anteriormente como o diálogo no sentido proposto por Hans-Georg Gadamer. Isso favorece a existência democrática da diversidade de modelos explicativos sem incorrer em dogmatismos que dificultem ou mesmo impeçam o diálogo interprofissional.
A study of children’s environmental awareness and discovery of hidden geographies based on the award-winning maps from the Asahikawa environmental map contest
Authors:   Hokkaido University of Education, Japan, KIM Hyunjin , MUHIČ Barbara ,   Osnovna šola Brezovica pri Ljubljani, Slovenia
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we explored children’s environmental awareness and their discovering of hidden geographies. We employed a secondary data analysis using the 2018 and 2019 award-winning maps from the Asahikawa Environmental Map Contest, and an earlier study on the 2009 award-winning maps. Recently, most of the maps submitted to the contest have explored the cultural environment, whereas the number of maps related to the natural environment and environmental problems have decreased in comparison with the contest 10 years ago. This indicates that the natural environment is not so familiar to children because many of them live in urban areas. The maps showed children’s considerable scientific skills. Some children demonstrated an outstanding ability to map hidden geographies discovered through vivid sensory experience.
GESTÃO HUMANA PARA ORGANIZAÇÕES SAUDÁVEIS
Authors: Antunes Vieira Willerding Inara , Keller Alvez Juliano , Mafra Lapolli Édis
Published: December 2020

esta pesquisa visa compreender o que são organizações saudáveis com foco na gestão humana. Para tal, realizou-se um estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, em que os dados coletados foram por meio do aprendizado desenvolvido em uma Atividade de Formação Programada (AFP) realizada pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Gestão do Conhecimento (PPGEGC) da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), localizada na região sul do Brasil, com 19 alunos de diferentes áreas de atuação profissional. A análise dos dados demonstrou a importância de uma gestão focada na gestão humana para que o gerenciamento do capital humano, por meio de seu comportamento, propicie um ambiente saudável, favorável a colaboração, cooperação, comprometimento, engajamento e motivação contribuindo de forma assertiva para o sucesso das organizações.
A New Non-touch Technique (Partha’s Technique) of Administering Spinal Anaesthesia in Paediatric Age Group- A Pilot Study
Authors: Parthasarathy S , Maurya Indubala
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Paediatric spinal anaesthesia is often the technique of choice in many short duration surgeries. However, the failure rate is higher with spinal anaesthesia in children than in adults. Aim: To evaluate if a non-touch technique of paediatric spinal anaesthesia can reduce anaesthetic failure. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was done in 10 paediatric patients from January 2018 to July 2018 in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India. Ten children posted for infra-umbilical surgeries in the age group of 4-10 years were given a sedative premedication with a combination of Pethidine and Midazolam They were kept in lateral position with the back much inside the edge of the table so that there was a considerable space between the table edge and the baby. Identification of the L3-L4 space was done by touching the patient. The 25-gauge quincke needle was pricked and the hub was held with the hand in the table without touching the patient. Results: The anaesthesia was successful with adequate level in all the patients; T8 in five patients and T10 in the other five patients. There were no significant side effects. Conclusion: From this pilot study on 10 patients, it can be suggested that the novel non-touch Partha’s technique is feasible and more successful with absent failure rate when administering spinal anaesthesia in the paediatric age group.
Hostile attribution bias among offenders and non‐offenders: Making social information processing more adequate
Authors: Zajenkowska Anna , Prusik Monika , Jasielska Dorota , Szulawski Michał
Published: December 2020

Exploring the relationships between variables that predict hostile attributions is essential for understanding aggressive behaviours and for enabling the development of suitable aggression‐reduction interventions. The aim of this series of two studies was to investigate how ascribing intentionality and blame to other people are critical in predicting hostile attribution. In Study 1 (general sample: N = 163, 63.8% females; inmates: N = 109 people, 78.9% females), we hypothesized that people that are sensitive to provocation declare higher levels of anger and that this is serially mediated by perceived intentionality of the act and perceived blame of the harm‐doer. The results confirmed these assumptions. In Study 2, the participants took part in a 3‐month psycho‐educational training that included mentalization elements. We hypothesized that the level of hostile attributions among inmates (N = 8, females) would be lower after the training. Changes in the inmates' attributions were observed after a qualitative analysis of the results. This finding achieved the study's aim of demonstrating how such theoretical assumptions can be practically implemented.
Competency‐based curriculum transition: A conceptual framework
Authors: Carlgren Dave
Published: December 2020

As the 21st century has just passed its 20th year, there have been some changes to educational policy and practice in domains in many countries around the world, including more than 4.1 million children in 137 countries participating in skill development programmes aimed at fundamental learning. Few of these have reached to secondary schools. The primary goal of this article was to present aspects of a framework that may be useful in designing curriculum to incorporate competencies to make changes to existing educational practice. The considerations presented are not knew to those with existing competency‐based education (CBE) frameworks, the orienting aspects of Integral Theory may provide some insights for ideal CBE implementation. Why is it that high schools globally are not adopting CBE within their districts? With the majority of the world population in China and India following traditional models of educational practice, perhaps a clear explanation of the necessary considerations for the implementation of CBE has not been represented. It is worthy of note that, based on research results, the majority of the educational reform in both of these populous nations occurs at the postsecondary level. As an attempt to encompass all that is required for an ideal implementation of CBE, three interconnected sets of recommendations are made as areas of implementation focus: ensuring a learner focus and various pathways from a Policy perspective, feedback and the role of the teacher from the Practice level, and communication from the Process level.
Changes in maxillary dental arch morphology after implant treatment in the alveolar cleft region
Authors: Ahn Kilwoo , Sato Hitoshi , Kurihara Yuji , Ogura Hiroshi , Shirota Tatsuo
Published: December 2020

Background

Few reports have examined dental arch morphology (DAM) after dental implant placement in cleft patients and its actual state is unclear.

Objective

To analyze the presence of changes in DAM and influencing factors in cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) patients who receive implant treatment in the alveolar cleft region.

Methods

Subjects comprised 20 CLP patients in whom maxillary dental arch width (DAW) was evaluated before and after implant treatment based on computed tomography data. First, widths between the canines (W3), between the first premolars (W4), between the second premolars (W5), and between the first molars (W6) were measured before and after surgery. Changes in distance were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, revealing a significant increase in W6. Analysis of Co‐Variance was performed with the difference in W6 after implant treatment as the response variable, and the following six items as explanatory variables: sex; cleft type; age at alveolar bone graft; time to implantation after bone grafting; number of implants; and time after completion of the observation period.

Results

The reduction in W6 was larger in the order of complete bilateral CLP, complete unilateral CLP, and unilateral cleft lip and alveolus, and the change decreased with an increasing number of implants.

Conclusions

Implant treatment of the alveolar cleft region may result in a slight reduction in width of the dental arch after treatment completion.
Generalized Hailey–Hailey disease: Novel splice‐site mutations of ATP2C1 gene in Chinese population and a literature review
Authors: Yang Lu , Zhang Qianli , Zhang Shiyu , Liu Yuehua , Liu Yaping , Wang Tao
Published: December 2020

Background

Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD; OMIM: 169600) is an autosomal dominate genodermatosis, characterized by recurrent blisters and erosions clinically and remarkable acantholysis pathologically. The underlying pathogenic factor is the mutation of ATP2C1 gene (OMIM: 604384), which encodes secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+‐ATPase (SPCA1). Skin folds are the predilection site of HHD. Atypical cases with a generalized pattern have rarely been reported, making it prone to misdiagnosis.

Methods

In this study, we presented three Chinese pedigrees of Hailey–Hailey disease with generalized skin lesions. ATP2C1 mutations were screened by DNA sequencing and their transcripts were further confirmed by minigene assay. We also performed a literature review of previously published generalized HHD over past two decades together with our cases.

Results

Three splice‐site mutations were identified: c.2487+1G>A, c.2126+1G>A, and c.1891‐2A>G, which resulted in an exon 25‐truncated transcript, two exon 22‐truncated transcripts, and two exon 21‐truncated transcripts, respectively. The c.2487+1G>A and the c.1891‐2A>G mutations are novel mutations which have not been reported before. No clustered mutations of ATP2C1 gene were found in generalized HHD patients in literature along with our novel mutations.

Conclusion

We found no hot spot mutations in ATP2C1 correlated with the generalized pattern of HHD. Our study expanded the spectrum of ATP2C1 mutations, which would be useful for disease diagnosis and genetic counseling.
Master manipulator optimisation for robot assisted minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Feng Mei , Ni Zhi Xue , Li Ang , Lu Xiuquan , Fu Yi Li
Published: December 2020

Background

In robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon controls a robot by operating a pair of master manipulators. Thus, the performance of a master manipulator directly affects the work of the surgeon physiologically and psychologically.

Aims

In order to improve the operability and quality of operation, a structure optimisation method of master manipulator is proposed.

Materials & Methods

The optimisation index of workspace and dexterity of main manipulator based on ergonomics and kinematics is established, and the reasonable weight coefficient of optimisation index is determined by using combination weighting method.

Results

Experiments verified that the proposed optimisation method ensures a large workspace and good kinematic performance for the master manipulator.

Conclusion

This improves the comfort of the surgeon and can effectively avoid the problem of cutting off master–slave communication to adjust the position of the master manipulator owing to the small workspace.
Micro‐ and Nano‐Devices for Studying Subcellular Biology
Authors: Siedlik Michael J. , Yang Zijian , Kadam Parnika S. , Eberwine James , Issadore David
Published: December 2020

Cells are complex machines whose behaviors arise from their internal collection of dynamically interacting organelles, supramolecular complexes, and cytoplasmic chemicals. The current understanding of the nature by which subcellular biology produces cell‐level behaviors is limited by the technological hurdle of measuring the large number (>103) of small‐sized (<1 μm) heterogeneous organelles and subcellular structures found within each cell. In this review, the emergence of a suite of micro‐ and nano‐technologies for studying intracellular biology on the scale of organelles is described. Devices that use microfluidic and microelectronic components for 1) extracting and isolating subcellular structures from cells and lysate; 2) analyzing the physiology of individual organelles; and 3) recreating subcellular assembly and functions in vitro, are described. The authors envision that the continued development of single organelle technologies and analyses will serve as a foundation for organelle systems biology and will allow new insight into fundamental and clinically relevant biological questions.
QChASM: Quantum chemistry automation and structure manipulation
Authors: Ingman Victoria M. , Schaefer Anthony J. , Andreola Laura R. , Wheeler Steven E.
Published: December 2020

As the tools of computational quantum chemistry have continued to mature, larger and more complex molecular systems have become amenable to computational study. However, studies of these complex systems often require the execution of enormous numbers of computations, which can be a tedious and error‐prone process if done manually. We have developed a suite of free, open‐source tools to facilitate the automation of quantum chemistry workflows. These tools are collected under the organization QChASM (Quantum Chemistry Automation and Structure Manipulation) and include functionality for building and manipulating complex molecular structures and performing routine tasks (AaronTools), a toolkit for automating TS optimizations and predictions of the outcomes of selective homogeneous catalytic reactions, and a plug‐in for UCSF ChimeraX that provides a graphical interface for building complex molecular structures and representing output from quantum chemistry computations. These tools are described below, with a focus on the recent Python implementation of AaronTools.

This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis

Software > Quantum Chemistry
Scavenging amphipods from the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone: Extending the hadal paradigm beyond subduction trenches
Authors: Weston Johanna N. J. , Peart Rachael A. , Stewart Heather A. , Ritchie Heather , Piertney Stuart B. , Linley Thomas D. , Jamieson Alan J.
Published: December 2020

Our understanding of the ecology of the hadal zone (> 6000 m depth) is based solely on subduction trenches, leaving other geomorphological features, such as fracture zones, troughs, and basins, understudied. To address this knowledge gap, the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone, Indian Ocean (WZFZ; ~ 22°S, 102°E; maximum depth 6625 m measured during Expedition SO258) was studied using free-fall baited landers. We assessed the amphipod distribution and community assemblage of this non-subduction hadal feature and compared it to subduction hadal features. Eleven species were identified across the abyssal-hadal transition zone using a paired morphological and DNA barcoding approach. The community composition was found to change gradually from abyssal to hadal depths, which contrasts with the ecotone shift characteristic of subduction trenches. A large population of Bathycallisoma schellenbergi (Birstein & Vinogradov, 1958), a quintessential hadal amphipod, was present at the flat bottom of the WZFZ. Further, an mtDNA phylogeny resolved a degree of phylogeographic structure between the B. schellenbergi WZFZ population and four previously sampled Pacific Ocean subduction trench populations, indicating these features are not interconnected through ongoing gene flow. Combined, these data indicate that some amphipods have far broader distributions than previously understood, with some species present in both hadal subduction trenches and non-subduction fracture zones and basins interspersed across the abyssal plains. This initial exploration highlights that whilst non-subduction features are an overlooked minor fraction of the total hadal area, they are essential to our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary dynamics across the hadal zone.
In vitro performance evaluation of AnaConDaTM-100 and AnaConDaTM-50 compared to a circle breathing system for control and consumption of volatile anaesthetics
Authors: Bellgardt Martin , Drees Dominik , Vinnikov Vladimir , Georgevici Adrian I. , Procopiuc Livia , Weber Thomas P. , Meiser Andreas , Herzog-Niescery Jennifer
Published: December 2020

To identify the better volatile anaesthetic delivery system in an intensive care setting, we compared the circle breathing system and two models of reflection systems (AnaConDa™ with a dead space of 100 ml (ACD-100) or 50 ml (ACD-50)). These systems were analysed for the parameters like wash-in, consumption, and wash-out of isoflurane and sevoflurane utilising a test lung model. The test lung was connected to a respirator (circle breathing system: Aisys CS™; ACD-100/50: Puriton Bennett 840). Set parameters were volume-controlled mode, tidal volume-500 ml, respiratory rate-10/min, inspiration time-2 sec, PEEP-5 mbar, and oxygen-21%. Wash-in, consumption, and wash-out were investigated at fresh gas flows of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 l/min. Anaesthetic target concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5%.  Wash-in was slower in ACD-100/-50 compared to the circle breathing system, except for fresh gas flows of 0.5 and 1.0 l/min. The consumption of isoflurane and sevoflurane in ACD-100 and ACD-50 corresponded to the fresh gas flow of 0.5-1.0 l/min in the circle breathing system. Consumption with ACD-50 was higher in comparison to ACD-100, especially at gas concentrations > 1.5%. Wash-out was quicker in ACD-100/-50 than in the circle breathing system at a fresh gas flow of 0.5 l/min, however, it was longer at all the other flow rates. Wash-out was comparable in ACD-100 and ACD-50. Wash-in and wash-out were generally quicker with the circle breathing system than in ACD-100/-50. However, consumption at 0.5 minimum alveolar concentration was comparable at flows of 0.5 and 1.0 l/min.
Micro-spectroscopy of Buried Short-Range Surface Plasmon Polaritons Supported by Thin Polycrystalline Gold Films
Authors: Großmann Malte , Black Maximilian , Jaruschewski Joris , Klick Alwin , Leißner Till , Fiutowski Jacek , Rubahn Horst-Günter , Bauer Michael
Published: December 2020

The dispersive properties of short-range surface plasmon polaritons are investigated at the buried interfaces in vacuum/Au/fused silica and vacuum/Au/SiO2/Si multilayer systems for different gold film thicknesses of up to 50 nm using two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. The experimental data agrees excellently with results of transfer matrix method simulations, emphasizing the sensitivity of the plasmonic wave vector to the thickness of the gold film and an ultrathin native substrate oxide layer. The results furthermore illustrate the exceptional qualification of low-energy electron photoemission techniques in studying electronic excitations at buried interfaces.
How SASE is defining the future of network security
Authors: Wood Michael
Published: December 2020

Secure networking is one of the fastest-moving fields in technology. As digital transformation activity continues to dominate the business agenda, there is an ever-growing demand for infrastructure solutions that will enable organisations to connect more locations at higher speeds – while keeping everything secure.

There is an ever-growing demand for infrastructure solutions that will enable organisations to connect more locations at higher speeds – while keeping everything secure.

A recent development is secure access service edge (SASE) – a collection of existing services that are integrated as a common set of functions. SASE's ability to deliver multiple integrated secure networking solutions through a single service has huge potential for any organisation that must secure high-value data across multiple locations and use-cases, says Michael Wood of Versa Networks.
Public Opinion in Early Modern Scotland, c.1560–1707
Authors: Bowie Karin
Published: December 2020

In early modern Scotland, religious and constitutional tensions created by Protestant reform and regal union stimulated the expression and regulation of opinion at large. Karin Bowie explores the rising prominence and changing dynamics of Scottish opinion politics in this tumultuous period. Assessing protestations, petitions, oaths, and oral and written modes of public communication, she addresses major debates on the fitness of the Habermasian model of the public sphere. This study provides a historicised understanding of early modern public opinion, investigating how the crown and its opponents sought to shape opinion at large; the forms and language in which collective opinions were represented; and the difference this made to political outcomes. Focusing on modes of persuasive communication, it reveals the reworking of traditional vehicles into powerful tools for public resistance, allowing contemporaries to recognise collective opinion outside authorised assemblies and encouraging state efforts to control seemingly dangerous opinions.
Changes in the recovery of insects in pitfall traps associated with the age of cow dung bait fresh or frozen at the time of placement
Authors: Bezanson G.A. , Dovell C.D. , Floate K.D.
Published: December 2020

Pitfall traps baited with cattle dung are commonly used to characterize local assemblages of coprophilous insects. Baits can be made fresh or be prepared in advance and kept frozen until needed. Insect recoveries are expected to decline with the age of the bait and may be affected by the use of fresh vs. frozen baits. To assess the effect of these two factors on insect recoveries, we performed a pitfall trap experiment that was repeated in four trials spanning 2 years and two locations in southern Alberta, Canada. The experimental design allowed us to minimize the potential confounding effect of short-term weather events. For results combined across trials, baits aged >3 days were largely ineffective for attracting coprophilous species. Frozen baits attracted significantly more insects than did fresh dung for the first 3 days after placement in the field with no difference thereafter. Our findings suggest that insect recoveries in dung-baited pitfall traps can be maximized with the use of frozen baits with replacement every 3–4 days.
Struggles for Recognition: The Liberal International Order and the Merger of Its Discontents
Authors: Adler-Nissen Rebecca , Zarakol Ayşe
Published: December 2020

The Liberal International Order (LIO) is currently being undermined not only by states such as Russia but also by voters in the West. We argue that both veins of discontent are driven by resentment toward the LIO's status hierarchy, rather than simply by economic grievances. Approaching discontent historically and sociologically, we show that there are two strains ofrecognition strugglesagainst the LIO: one in the core of the West, driven by populist politicians and their voters, and one on the semiperiphery, fueled by competitively authoritarian governments and their supporters. At this particular moment in history, these struggles are digitally, ideologically, and organizationally interconnected in their criticism of LIO institutions, amplifying each other. The LIO is thus being hollowed outfrom withinat a time when it is also facing some of its greatest external challenges.
INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL SECTION: BORDERS, FRONTIERS, AND BOUNDARIES IN THE MAYA WORLD: CONCEPTS AND THEORY
Authors: Halperin Christina , Freiwald Carolyn , Iannone Gyles
Published: December 2020

The Maya area has long been characterized as a mosaic of polities large and small, with cultural connections, linguistic dialects, ethnicities, and economic networks that shifted, expanded, and contracted over time. In this paper, we examine different ways of constructing boundaries. From physical demarcations in the landscape to habitual practices of interaction and affiliation, the lines that tied and divided were both unstable and multiple. We draw on definitions and theories from anthropology, history, and geography to review the concepts of borders, frontiers, and boundaries and their implications for the Maya area over the long term.
Afterword: The Expense of Exclusion – US Musicology and Popular Music
Authors: FLORY ANDREW
Published: December 2020

This Afterward reflects upon the three articles of the symposium by Francesca Royster, Jack Hamilton, and Loren Kajiwaka. The author considers the contemporary ramifications of popular music studies being overlooked by the field of musicology at large in the United States.
Forging Aztecness: Twentieth-Century Mexican Musical Nationalism in Twenty-First Century Los Angeles
Authors: NIELSEN KRISTINA F.
Published: December 2020

Abstract (Spanish/English)

Forjando el Aztecanismo: Nacionalismo Musical Mexicano del Siglo XX en el siglo XXI en Los Ángeles

Hoy en día, un creciente número de músicos mexico-americanos en los Estados Unidos tocan instrumentos indígenas mesoamericanos y réplicas arqueológicas, lo que se conoce como “Música Azteca.” En este artículo, doy a conocer cómo los músicos contemporáneos de Los Ángeles, California, recurren a los legados de la investigación musical nacionalista mexicana e integran modelos antropológicos y arqueológicos aplicados. Al combinar el trabajo de campo etnográfico con el análisis histórico, sugiero que los marcos musicales y culturales que alguna vez sirvieron para unir al México pos-revolucionario han adquirido una nuevo significado para contrarrestar la desaparición del legado indígena mexicano en los Estados Unidos.

Today a growing number of Mexican-American musicians in the United States perform on Indigenous Mesoamerican instruments and archaeological replicas in what is widely referred to as “Aztec music.” In this article, I explore how contemporary musicians in Los Angeles, California, draw on legacies of Mexican nationalist music research and integrate applied anthropological and archeological models. Pairing ethnographic fieldwork with historical analysis, I suggest that musical and cultural frameworks that once served to unite post-revolutionary Mexico have gained new significance in countering Mexican Indigenous erasure in the United States.
Morphological complexity affects the diversity of marine microbiomes
Authors: Lemay Matthew A , Chen Melissa Y , Mazel Florent , Hind Katharine R , Starko Samuel , Keeling Patrick J , Martone Patrick T , Parfrey Laura Wegener
Published: December 2020

Large eukaryotes support diverse communities of microbes on their surface—epibiota—that profoundly influence their biology. Alternate factors known to structure complex patterns of microbial diversity—host evolutionary history and ecology, environmental conditions and stochasticity—do not act independently and it is challenging to disentangle their relative effects. Here, we surveyed the epibiota from 38 sympatric seaweed species that span diverse clades and have convergent morphology, which strongly influences seaweed ecology. Host identity explains most of the variation in epibiont communities and deeper host phylogenetic relationships (e.g., genus level) explain a small but significant portion of epibiont community variation. Strikingly, epibiota community composition is significantly influenced by host morphology and epibiota richness increases with morphological complexity of the seaweed host. This effect is robust after controlling for phylogenetic non-independence and is strongest for crustose seaweeds. We experimentally validated the effect of host morphology by quantifying bacterial community assembly on latex sheets cut to resemble three seaweed morphologies. The patterns match those observed in our field survey. Thus, biodiversity increases with habitat complexity in host-associated microbial communities, mirroring patterns observed in animal communities. We suggest that host morphology and structural complexity are underexplored mechanisms structuring microbial communities.
Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay on a single piece of paper
Authors: Jiang Xue , Lillehoj Peter B.
Published: December 2020

A lateral flow immunochromatographic assay constructed from a single piece of cellulose paper for rapid analyte detection.
Delivery of siRNA by tailored cell-penetrating urea-based foldamers
Authors: Bornerie Mégane , Brion Anaïs , Guichard Gilles , Kichler Antoine , Douat Céline
Published: December 2020

Tailored end-group modifications and the formulation of cell-penetrating urea-based foldamers enable efficient siRNA delivery into cells.
A unique Co(iii)-peptoid as a fast electrocatalyst for homogeneous water oxidation with low overpotential
Authors: Ruan Guilin , Engelberg Lee , Ghosh Pritam , Maayan Galia
Published: December 2020

A peptoid trimer incorporating terpyridine and ethanol forms an intermolecular cobalt(iii) complex, which performs as a soluble electrocatalyst for water oxidation with a minimal overpotential of 350 mV and a high turnover frequency of 108 s−1.
Hydrogen-bonded nickel(i) complexes
Authors: Wilson Jessica R. , Zeller Matthias , Szymczak Nathaniel K.
Published: December 2020

Secondary-sphere hydrogen bonds enable structural characterization and evaluation of an unusual nickel(i) fluoride complex.
A chemo- and regioselective Pd(0)-catalyzed three-component spiroannulation
Authors: Wu Jiaoyu , Bai Lu , Han Lingbo , Liu Jingjing , Luan Xinjun
Published: December 2020

A novel Pd(0)-catalyzed three-component [2+2+1] dearomatizing reaction for the highly chemo- and regio-selective assembly of spirocarbocycles is described.
A water-stable zinc(ii)–organic framework as an “on–off–on” fluorescent sensor for detection of Fe3+and reduced glutathione
Authors: Wang Xiao-Qing , Tang Jing , Ma Xuehui , Wu Dan , Yang Jie
Published: December 2020

A zinc(ii) metal–organic framework exhibits fluorescence on–off–on behaviour for Fe3+and reduced glutathione in PBS solution and in real samples.
Graphene adlayer growth between nonepitaxial graphene and the Ni(111) substrate: a theoretical study
Authors: Meng Lijuan , Lu Jinlian , Bai Yujie , Liu Lili , Tang Jingyi , Zhang Xiuyun
Published: December 2020

Rotated graphene top layer-promoted graphene adlayer nucleation on a nickel surface.
Peptides as a platform for targeted therapeutics for cancer: peptide–drug conjugates (PDCs)
Authors: Cooper Bethany M. , Iegre Jessica , O' Donovan Daniel H. , Ölwegård Halvarsson Maria , Spring David R.
Published: December 2020

A tutorial review showcasing how peptide–drug conjugates can offer the versatility needed for a successful drug discovery approach, their problems and future opportunities.
Electrochemical neutralization energy: from concept to devices
Authors: Ding Yichun , Cai Pingwei , Wen Zhenhai
Published: December 2020

Electrochemical neutralization energy establishes a bridge for facilitating energy conversion between some chemical energy and electric energy, shedding light on a promising strategy to develop high-performance aqueous electrochemical energy devices.
Resolving multiphoton processes with high-order anisotropy ultrafast X-ray scattering
Authors: Natan Adi , Schori Aviad , Owolabi Grace , Cryan James P. , Glownia James M. , Bucksbaum Philip H.
Published: December 2020

Resolving multiphoton processes in strongly excited iodine de novo using high-order anisotropy components in ultrafast X-ray scattering.
One-step lignocellulose depolymerization and saccharification to high sugar yield and less condensed isolated lignin
Authors: Sadula Sunitha , Rodriguez Quiroz Natalia , Athaley Abhay , Ebikade Elvis Osamudiamhen , Ierapetritou Marianthi , Vlachos Dionisios G. , Saha Basudeb
Published: December 2020

The cost of sugar production remains a key challenge in future lignocellulosic biorefineries.
Gambatte!
Authors: Jessop Philip G.
Published: December 2020

Green Chemistry wishes you “Gambatte!” after 2020 and as we move into the year ahead.
Determination of selenium in food and environmental samples by hydride generation high-resolution continuum source quartz furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Chirita Lucia , Covaci Eniko , Mot Augustin , Ponta Michaela , Gandea Alexandra , Frentiu Tiberiu
Published: December 2020

The paper presents a method for Se determination in a wide variety of food and environmental samples by hydride generation high-resolution continuum source quartz furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.
Gear-shaped micromixer for synthesis of silica particles utilizing inertio-elastic flow instability
Authors: Hong Sun Ok , Park Ki-Su , Kim Dong-Yeong , Lee Sung Sik , Lee Chang-Soo , Kim Ju Min
Published: December 2020

A novel gear-shaped micromixer utilizing inertio-elastic flow instability and its application to the continuous synthesis of silica nanoparticle.
Ultra-sensitive and selective determination of a phenolic food additive using protein capped gold nanoclusters: a dual in-line fluorometric and colorimetric sensing probe
Authors: Shankar Sekar , Gowthaman N. S. K. , Arul P. , Chen Feng , Lim H. N. , Qin Feng-Xiang
Published: December 2020

The application of red luminescence BSA-AuNCs towards the selective determination of food additive tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) was demonstrated by both fluorometric and colorimetric methods.
Preparation of a modified g-C3N4catalyst library and realization of a two-dimensional screening reaction
Authors: Liu Fenli , Bi Sifan , Wang Wenjing , Duan Qiannan , Feng Yunjin , Chen Jiayuan , Luo Run , Huang Yicai , Lee Jianchao
Published: December 2020

A color inkjet printing technique and high through-put screening technique were combined to establish a polymetallic sulphide composite g-C3N4catalyst library and screen out high efficiency catalysts.
Spontaneous protein–protein crosslinking at glutamine and glutamic acid residues in long-lived proteins
Authors: Friedrich Michael G. , Wang Zhen , Schey Kevin L. , Truscott Roger J. W.
Published: December 2020

Long-lived proteins (LLPs) are susceptible to the accumulation of both enzymatic and spontaneous post-translational modifications (PTMs). A prominent PTM observed in LLPs is covalent protein–protein crosslinking. In this study, we examined aged human lenses and found several proteins to be crosslinked at Glu and Gln residues. This new covalent bond involves the amino group of Lys or an α-amino group. A number of these crosslinks were found in intermediate filament proteins. Such crosslinks could be reproduced experimentally by incubation of Glu- or Gln-containing peptides and their formation was consistent with an amino group attacking a glutarimide intermediate. These findings show that both Gln and Glu residues can act as sites for spontaneous covalent crosslinking in LLPs and they provide a mechanistic explanation for an otherwise puzzling observation, that a major fraction of Aβ in the human brain is crosslinked via Glu 22 and the N-terminal amino group.
Irrigation cooling effect: opportunities in task of estimation of international irrigation water usage in transboundary River Syrdarya basin, Central Asia
Authors: Terekhov Alexey , Abayev Nurlan
Published: December 2020

The aim of this research was the analysis of long-term and seasonal dynamics of Irrigation Cooling Effect (ICE) of irrigated arable lands in test sites of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in agriculture province “Golodnaya stepp”, located in transboundary River Syrdarya basin. The Land Surface Temperature (LST) FEWS NET (Famine early Warning System Network) product was used for calculation and monitoring (2002- 2019) ICE values. The amount and efficiency of irrigation water usage significantly affects the ICE values. Therefore, long-term (2002-2019) ICE monitoring on arable land Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in “Golodnaya stepp” is important as an objective characteristic of irrigation parameters and their changes during the observation period. Analysis of data from 2002-2019 showed that in the key period (May-June) Uzbekistan's arable land is in a better position. Review of two eras 2003-2010 and 2011-2019 it showed that changes in ICE values are directed at: an increase in May, approximately 2.5° in Uzbekistan and 1.3° in Kazakhstan; an increase in July, 1.3° in Uzbekistan and 2.5° degrees in Kazakhstan; and a decrease in September, approximately 1.5° in Kazakhstan, with stable values in Uzbekistan. Thus, ICE monitoring in arid climates is a useful tool for diagnosing water consumption on arable land in various countries, which is especially important in transboundary river basins.
Use of spectral surface characteristics for mapping soil cover structure under Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe conditions
Authors: Latysheva Valentina , Demyanenko Tatyana , Botvich Irina , Emelyanov Dmitriy , Khizhnyak Sergey
Published: December 2020

The relations between the spectral surface characteristics of the elements of the soil cover structure and soil properties in the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe of Central Siberia were investigated. It was revealed that the most informative parameters for field spectrometry are the content of humus, carbonate carbon dioxide and the prevailing particle-size fractions. A statistically significant relationship between the elements of the soil cover structure and the reflectivity of soils has been confirmed by means of multidimensional statistics. The wave lengths with the greatest coupling force are highlighted. Regression equations for remote study of soil cover structure have been obtained, which can be used if additional point studies are carried out in a wider range of test parameters.
Aquatic biota in hot water: thermal gradients in rheocrene hot spring discharges as analogues for the effects of climate warming
Authors: Negus Peter M. , Marshall Jonathan C. , Steward Alisha L. , Mcgregor Glenn B. , O'Connor Ruth A.
Published: December 2020

Hot springs are characterised by water temperatures above 36.7 °C. Temperature decreases with distance in flow away from spring vents; this natural gradient provides a unique opportunity to investigate the influence of water temperature on aquatic biota. This study investigated the relationship between water temperature and the aquatic invertebrates and benthic diatoms in outflows from a hot spring complex in tropical north Queensland, Australia. Water temperature ranged from 62.7 °C at the vents to 26.0 °C at the location furthest downstream. Richness of benthic diatoms and aquatic invertebrates increased linearly in response to decreasing temperature, with no species present in the hot vents. Multivariate analysis showed that both community assemblages had a response to the temperature gradient. A drop in aquatic invertebrate richness and a change in assemblage composition occurred between 40 °C and 42 °C, indicating a threshold at this temperature. The nearby Einasleigh River has experienced several contemporary peaks in water temperature over 40 °C, which corresponds to this threshold level. The relationships indicate that consistent increases in water temperature expected under climate change could decrease biological richness and precipitate changes in the aquatic invertebrate and benthic diatom taxa of tropical aquatic ecosystems.
Dry machining of Inconel 718 super alloys using uncoated tool: Experimental and numerical analysis
Authors: Rakesh Merugu , Datta Saurav
Published: December 2020

Aerospace super alloy Inconel 718 is difficult to process through conventional machining operation. Alloys with high strength at high temperatures and high strain hardening, high chemical affinity (towards tool material, and Co binder) etc. impose adverse effects towards smooth machining. Poor thermal conductivity of Inconel 718 promotes excessive temperature rise at the chip-tool interface which causes rapid tool wear, and degraded surface integrity of the end product. Adequate understanding of machining process phenomena along with precise control of machining parameters may yield satisfactory result. Trial, and error experimentation is indeed uneconomical; hence, in the present reporting, Finite Element (FE) based numerical simulation is attempted to model machining responses in the extent of cutting force, tool-tip temperature, depth of flank wear progression, chip-tool contact length, and finally, chip reduction coefficient. Simulation results are verified through experimental tests. Simulation results are found in good agreement with experimental results. Therefore, simulation results can reliably be used as an alternative instead of actual experimental effort.
Une expérience subjective du soin psychique
Authors: Leong Shirley
Published: December 2020

Comment offrir une écoute et des paroles aux patients en soins intensifs ? Comment soutenir les proches ? Ces questionnements fréquents chez tous les soignants de réanimation s’accompagnent de celle non moins cruciale de l’accompagnement des équipes.

Partant de l’écriture comme outil à penser, de paroles et de lectures qui en découlent, des ateliers ont été proposés à 4 promotions d’externes pendant leur stage en réanimation.

« Mixés » avec les outils des ateliers d’écriture littéraire et thérapeutique, de la médecine narrative et des groupes Balint, proposant des lectures variées (auteurs classiques ou non, dans l’univers médical ou non – Saint-Exupéry, Brainard, Masaoka...) et l’appui de consignes d’écriture, ces interventions ont permis aux jeunes soignants d’écrire et d’ouvrir leur imagination, tout en restant dans l’univers hospitalier, les éloignant du verbe médical non pas pour les en détourner mais pour l’enrichir. Les thématiques abordées dans une logique processuelle (illusion groupale, autoportrait, expérience personnelle de la maladie, expérience vécue d’une relation soignant-soigné) ont permis des échanges variés et la participation de chacun.

Une création coopérative s’est élaborée et chaque groupe apportant une critique constructive a pu améliorer le projet initial.
Wavelength frame multiplication for reflectometry at long-pulse neutron sources
Authors: Löhmann Oliver , Silvi Luca , Kadletz Peter M. , Vaytet Neil , Arnold Owen , Jones Matthew D. , Nilsson Jonas , Hart Michael , Richter Tobias , von Klitzing Regine , Jackson Andrew J. , Arnold Thomas , Woracek Robin
Published: December 2020

The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is under construction in Lund (Sweden), will be the next leading neutron facility with an unprecedented brilliance and novel long-pulse time structure. A long-pulse source not only provides a high time-average flux but also opens the possibility to tune the resolution by using pulse shaping choppers. Thus, an instrument can readily be operated in either a high flux or a high resolution mode. Several of the shorter instruments at the ESS will employ Wavelength Frame Multiplication (WFM) in order to enable a sufficient resolution while offering a continuous and broad wavelength range. A test beamline was operated until the end of 2019 at the research reactor in Berlin to test components and methods, including WFM, in order to prepare the new facility for the operation of neutron instruments and successful first science. We herein demonstrate the implementation of WFM for reflectometry. By selecting a short pulse mode under the same geometrical configuration, we compare and discuss the results for two reference samples. The reported experiments not only serve to prove the reliability of the WFM approach but also, for the first time, demonstrate the full instrument control, data acquisition and data reduction chain that will be implemented at the ESS.