bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparative analysis of BI-RADS and the Japanese Recall Criteria and Categorization in breast ultrasound screening
Authors: Hayashida Tetsu , Nagayama Aiko , Seki Tomoko , Takahashi Maiko , Yokoe Takamichi , Maeda Naoko , Shikida Hidemi , Futatsugi Noriyuki , Matsumoto Akiko , Yamada Miki , Murata Takeshi , Watanuki Rurina , Nakashoji Ayako , Maeda Hinako , Onishi Tatsuya , Asaga Sota , Hojo Takashi , Jinno Hiromitsu , Sotome Keiichi , Matsui Akira , Suto Akihiko , Imoto Shigeru , Kitagawa Yuko
Published: December 2023

Background Japan widely utilizes breast ultrasound screening and the Japanese Recall Criteria and Categorization (JRCC) to identify breast cancer cases, while other countries commonly employ the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). The differences between the two systems have not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods This study analyzed 3,113 lesions in 2,000 breast ultrasound images with confirmed diagnoses and compared the accuracy and disparities between JRCC and BI-RADS.
Results Among patients who were not recalled under BIRADs, 94 (16.2%) patients were assigned to recall under JRCC whereas among patients who were not recalled under JRCC, 332 (40.6%) patients were assigned to recall. Of the 423 BI-RADS 4a and 528 BI-RADS 4b cases, 264 (62.4%) and 68 (12.8%) would not have been recalled under JRCC, of which 9 (2.1%) and 22 (4.2%) were diagnosed as malignant, respectively. Of the 579 cases classified as BI-RADS 3 or lower, only two (0.35%) were diagnosed with breast cancer, while 33 of the 817 cases (4.04%) classified as JRCC 2 or lower were malignant. The sensitivity and the specificity of BI-RADS were 99.9% and 40.0% while those of JRCC were 98.0% and 54.3%, respectively. While JRCC exhibited higher specificity, it also showed lower sensitivity and false-negative rates. If the threshold for BI-RADS was changed from 4a or higher to 4b or higher, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignancy would be 99.0% and 68.3%, respectively, surpassing those for JRCC.
Conclusions It is important to understand the differences between JRCC and BI-RADS and translate screening results from other countries.
A comprehensive functional analysis indicates CNDP1 mitigates hepatocellular carcinoma and may be associated with immune cell infiltration and m6A-related genes
Authors: Wen Chong , Shi Ruolin , An Yulong , Zhang Shuting , Wang Tao , Luo Hao
Published: December 2023

Background
Carnosine dipeptidase 1 (CNDP1) is a member of the dipeptidase family that hydrolyzes the substrate L-sarcosine, and its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been previously reported. We aim to explore the expression of CNDP1 in HCC and its relationship with prognosis.
Methods
Online analysis tools and the TCGA database were used to identify CNDP1 expression, correlation analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and patient prognosis analysis. Lentiviral transfection was used to construct two HCC cell lines (Sk-hep-1 and Huh-7) with high CNDP1 expression and knockdown. Transwell assay, wound healing assay, Cell proliferation assay, and subcutaneous xenograft assay were used to evaluate the invasion, migration, proliferation, and tumorigenesis of the experimental HCC cells, respectively.
Results
CNDP1 is down-regulated in HCC tissues, and low CNDP1 results in poor overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). The expression of CNDP1 was correlated with the infiltration level of various m6A-related genes and immune cells in HCC tissues. Cell and animal experiments confirmed that the expression of CNDP1 was decreased in Sk-hep-1 and Huh-7 HCC cell lines and the migration, proliferation, invasion, and tumor formation ability of HCC cell lines in the CNDP1-overexpression groups was weakened, while that in the knockdown groups was enhanced.
Conclusion
The decreased expression of CNDP1 in HCC suggests a worse prognosis and may be associated with immune cell infiltration and m6A-related genes. Our findings suggest that CNDP1 may be a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
The Association between Blood Pressure Control and Multiple Self-Management Behaviors in Elderly Patients with Hypertension: A Study Based on Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Liu Mengya , Zhang Tianli , Guo Wenjing , Chang Yuqing , Zhao Siyi , Zhang Meng , Zhang Li
Published: December 2023

Background
Hypertension in elderly people has become one of the major challenges in China due to the acceleration of population aging. There are few studies on the self-management behavior of elderly people with hypertension. Elderly people with hypertension are a unique group, and self-management behavior is heterogeneous among different groups of individuals. The present study explored the latent class of self-management behaviors in elderly patients with hypertension and its association with blood pressure control.
Methods
Elderly individuals with hypertension who participated in a community health examination in the lakeside community of Bengbu City were selected as research subjects, and a physical examination and questionnaire survey were carried out. Latent class analysis was used to explore the self-management class of elderly patients with hypertension; the characteristics of self-management class were analyzed by a logistic regression model; and the relationship between self-management class and blood pressure control level was analyzed by multiple linear regression.
Results
A total of 3211 elderly patients with hypertension in the community were enrolled, and their self-management behaviors could be divided into four classes: comprehensive positive management (23.70%), positive exercise management (16.29%), comprehensive negative management (25.20%) and negative exercise management (34.81%). Logistic regression results showed that older age, male sex, widowhood, lower education levels, rural residence, and ADL limitations had greater associations with comprehensive negative management (P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that compared with comprehensive negative management, patients with positive exercise management and comprehensive positive management had better blood pressure control (positive exercise management: β = 0.059, t = 2.345, P = 0. 019; comprehensive positive management: β = 0.073, t = 2.603, P = 0. 009), suggesting that exercise plays an important role in blood pressure control in elderly hypertensive patients.
Conclusion
There is significant heterogeneity in the self-management behavior of elderly patients with hypertension, and community workers should respond as follows: identify the self-management characteristics and risk factors for various classes of patients as early as possible; formulate different treatment plans for different classes of elderly patients with hypertension; and provide corresponding intervention strategies to help them improve their awareness of self-management behavior, change their bad habits, and improve their quality of life.
Flexibility of gestural production in captive groups of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) and siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus)
Authors: Amici Federica , Liebal Katja
Published: December 2023

Flexibility is an important hallmark of complex communication systems, yet few studies have systematically assessed it in non-human species. In this study, we investigated different aspects of flexibility in the gestural communication systems of 7 groups of captive apes (N = 53), including 19 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), 16 Sumatran orangutans (Pongo abelii) and 18 siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus). We operationalized flexibility in four different ways: (i) the use of one gesture type across several contexts (i.e. contextual flexibility), (ii) the use of many gesture types in the same context, (iii) morphological variation with which individual gesture types can be produced (i.e. morphological flexibility), and (iv) the ability to combine signals into different sequences. Comparisons across individuals and species revealed variation in contextual and morphological flexibility. In particular, contextual flexibility increased through age, and it was overall higher in chimpanzees than in siamangs. However, morphological flexibility was highest in siamangs and lowest in orangutans. Overall, variation could be largely explained in terms of changes in social experience and differences in the socio-ecological characteristics of the species. Our findings suggest that contextual and morphological flexibility might be good candidates to study inter-individual and inter-specific variation in primate gestural production.
Do You Know Your Daily Antibiotic Intake through Residues in Your Diet?
Authors: Seo Jegak , Kloprogge Frank , Smith Andrew M. , Karu Kersti , Ciric Lena
Published: December 2023

While the use of a wide range of antibiotics has been reported as extensive in the rearing of agricultural animals, extremely limited information is available on the antibiotic residues in animal products and the adverse impact consistent low-level exposure to antibiotics might have on the human body as well as its microbiome. The aim of this study was to estimate the possible antibiotic concentrations humans are exposed to via their diet using the concentration of antibiotics in animal food products and water, and an online survey on dietary habits. A total of 131 participants completed the dietary habits survey, the majority belonging to the omnivorous diet habit. Distinct dietary trends were observed into omnivorous and unknown groups eating food-producing animal products, with specific food types dominating each meal: pork (e.g. ham) and dairy products (e.g. milk, yoghurt) during breakfast, beef (e.g. burger) and chicken (e.g. chicken breast) products during lunch, and fish (e.g. salmon fillet) during dinner. 34 different animal-based food and drink products were tested for the presence of ten different antibiotics. Of all products tested, over 35% exceeded the acceptable daily intake antibiotic concentration for amoxicillin, ampicillin, and enrofloxacin.
Letters of O. S. Sklyarenko to the Zolotonosha Local Lore Specialist M. F. Ponomarenko (1963 – 1976)
Authors: Hrytsenko Andrii , Kurok Oleksandr , Chumachenko Оlena
Published: December 2023

The article first published the correspondence of Oksana Semenivna Sklyarenko, the daughter of the famous Ukrainian (Soviet) fiction writer Semyon Dmytrovych Sklyarenko, to local historian Mykhailo Fedorovych Ponomarenko, the founder of local history in Cherkasy region. Also, the scientific novelty of this study is due to the fact that no fundamental study of the epistolary legacy of S. D. Sklyarenko has been carried out in modern Ukrainian historiography. Thus, this correspondence will allow solving the problem of expanding the source base of the study of the writer's biography. At the same time, the correspondence reflects the relationship of the local historian with the writer's family and his environment. The contribution of M. F. was characterized Ponomarenka in preserving the memory of S. D. Sklyarenko and popularizing his work in Zolotonyshchyna. Based on a brief overview of the fund of S. D. Sklyarenko (No. 467) from the Central State Archive-Museum of Literature and Art of Ukraine and archival materials collected by local historian M. F. Ponomarenko from the fund (5428) of the State Archive of the Cherkasy Region, this publication highlights the documents, which will complement the scientist's biography. In the process of analyzing this correspondence, it was found that M. F. Ponomarenko was engaged in collecting materials for the writer's personal exhibition in the Zolotony Museum of Local History and actively published local history articles about S. D. Sklyarenko in the regional periodical press. At the same time, the letters contain information about the professional activities of O.S. Sklyarenko and her family. In the process of developing the topic, biographical and chronological methods of historical research and the general scientific method of system analysis were used. The archeographic method of source research was also applied.
On the Biography of Olha Andriievska: Based on Materials of the Archival-Investigation Case
Authors: Kurinnoi Oleksandr
Published: December 2023

The article reveals the main milestones of the biography of O. Andriievska based on materials of the archival-investigation case stored in the Central State Archive of Public Associations and Ukrainica. It is about her socio-political, scientific and charitable activities during the first third of the twentieth century. Emphasis is placed on her work in the institutions of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences (All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences).
O. Andriievska is a participant of Ukrainian scientific courses conducted by Mykhailo Hrushevskyi and Ivan Franko in Lviv. She was a good friend of the writer Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi. The woman was often engaged in charitable activities: she helped refugees during the First World War, as well as those who suffered deprivation during the Soviet era. She belonged to the Ukrainian Party of Socialists-Federalists, worked as party secretary. In 1919 she joined the Commission for compiling a dictionary of the Ukrainian living language at the First Department of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, where she held various positions. In 1930 O. Andriievska was repressed on trumped-up case, the "Union for the Liberation of Ukraine" (Spilky Vyzvolennia Ukrainy, or SVU).
Reconstructing the potential configuration in a high-mobility semiconductor heterostructure with scanning gate microscopy
Authors: Percebois Gaëtan J. , Lacerda-Santos Antonio , Brun Boris , Hackens Benoit , Waintal Xavier , Weinmann Dietmar
Published: December 2023

The weak disorder potential seen by the electrons of a two-dimensional electron gas in high-mobility semiconductor heterostructures leads to fluctuations in the physical properties and can be an issue for nanodevices. In this paper, we show that a scanning gate microscopy (SGM) image contains information about the disorder potential, and that a machine learning approach based on SGM data can be used to determine the disorder. We reconstruct the electric potential of a sample from its experimental SGM data and validate the result through an estimate of its accuracy.
Does debt moderate the impact of family commissioner boards on company performance in Indonesia?
Authors: Musnadi Said , Ibrahim Mahdani , Idris Sofyan
Published: December 2023

This study aims to investigate the influence of family commissioner boards (FCBs) on the operational efficiency of companies in Indonesia that use debt as a control tool, which includes bank and non-bank debt. Using the two-step GMM-First Difference estimation method, the research sample consists of 121 family-owned companies using unbalanced panel data from 2009 to 2018. This investigation produces several significant findings. Firstly, the results of the analysis show that the presence of family representatives on the board of commissioners has a negative impact on overall company performance. These observations suggest that FCBs may prioritize the interests of family shareholders over minority shareholders, which indicates entrenchment behavior. Second, the analytical results reveal that debt plays a moderating role in the influence of FCB on company performance. Debt acts as a deterrent to entrenchment behavior, thereby improving firm performance. Third, the results of the analysis did not find significant differences in FCB entrenchment behavior between companies that have bank debt and companies that have non-bank debt. These findings have significant policy implications for regulatory bodies in Indonesia regarding the governance of family-owned companies. It is vital to establish a mechanism for appointing family members to the board of commissioners that protects the interests of all shareholders and promotes a fairer corporate landscape.
Does transformational and transactional leadership in Indonesia’s construction sector affect organizational citizenship behavior through job satisfaction?
Authors: Nurtjahjani Fullchis , S. Alotaibi Hammad , Suarjuna Batubulan Kadek , Fury Puspita Ayu
Published: December 2023

Construction service companies have projects that must be finished and require workers. Failure to manage construction human resources can jeopardize goal achievement, performance, and revenues for construction service companies. The construction industry may encounter issues in the future because of inefficient human resource management. As a result, resource management has emerged as a prominent topic. This study aims to investigate the effect of transformational and transactional leadership on organizational citizenship behavior. This study utilizes a quantitative approach. The population in this study were employees from 8 construction companies in Indonesia. Questionnaire data were collected from 120 employees of the construction companies that intended to improve job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. The study initially employed questionnaires to gather data, which were subsequently analyzed using SmartPLS software and structural equation modeling. The findings demonstrated a correlation between employee engagement and both transformational and transactional leadership styles. There is a positive correlation between employees’ job satisfaction and their commitment to volunteer in the community. The study shows that the transformational and transactional leadership style does not significantly affect organizational citizenship behavior.
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) an increasing threat for consumer’s health in Europe
Authors: BYSTROŃ JAROSŁAW , MATUSZEWSKA KAROLINA , BYSTROŃ ADRIAN
Published: December 2023

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a main cause of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis in humans. Nowadays HEV infections are reported not only in the developing world, but also in developed countries, in which the number of a new cases increases every year. In Europe genotypes HEV3 and HEV4 are mainly responsible for human hepatitis. These genotypes are considered zoonotic agents associated mainly with pigs and wild boars. The consumption of raw or undercooked pig’s or wild boar’s meat products, especially containing blood and/or liver is the basic reason of human HEV infections in developed countries. The aim of this review is to present current epidemiological data on zoonotic HEV human infections in Europe with particular emphasis on the role of food in the virus transmission.
Türk Resminde Onlar Grubu Ressamlarının Resimlerindeki Renk Yapılarının İncelenmesi Education in Turkey in the Shadow of the Second World War
Authors: YILMAZ ARIKAN Emine Nur , DİKENER Orhan
Published: December 2023

Türk Resminde Batılılaşma süreci 19.yüzyıl ortalarında primitifler ile başlasa da Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi’nin açılması ve 1914 Kuşağı ressamları faaliyetleri ile hız kazanmıştır. Bu grubun akabinde modern Türk resminin temeli Müstakil Ressam ve Heykeltıraşlar Birliği ile atılmıştır. Birliğin dağılmasından sonra ise sırasıyla D grubu, yeniler ve onlar grubu oluşmuştur. On’lar Grubu özgün kimlik ve yöresel konulardan yola çıkarak batıdan alınan tekniği resimlerine uyarlamışlardır. Onlar Grubu geleneksel el sanatlarımızdan yola çıkarak ulusal temele dayanan evrensel bir sanat anlayışını benimsemiştir. 1947 yılında Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu atölyesi öğrencileri olan on genç “onlar” grubunu kurarlar. Grupta, Nedim Günsür, Leyla Gamsız, Hulusi Sarptürk, Fahrünisa Sönmez, İvy Stangali, Meryem Özacul, Mehmet Pesen, Fikret Alpe, Saynur Kıyıcı yer almaktadır. Ancak grup içerisine daha sonra Turan Erol, Orhan Peker, Fikret Otyam, Osman Oral, Mustafa Esirkuş, İhsan İncesu, Remzi Paşa ve Adnan Varınca eklenmiştir. Son toplu sergisini 1954’te gerçekleştiren grup, daha sonra dağılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın ana eksenini; Türk resminde Doğu-Batı sentezini gerçekleştirme düşüncesiyle oluşturulan Onlar Grubu ressamlarından, Mustafa Esirkuş, Mehmet Pesen, Nedim Günsür, Fikret Otyam ve Orhan Peker’in resimlerinden birer örnek seçilmiş ve resimlerindeki renk yapılarının bilgisayar programları aracılığı ile analiz edilerek sonuçlarının ortaya koyulması oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma, kaynak tarama tekniğinin yanı sıra, renklerin oranlarını tespit etmek için yazılım aracılığı ile frekans analizi teknikleri kullanılarak nitel yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Savaş, Göç ve İskân: 1575 Yılında Amasya ve Yöresinde Şarklı Oymaklar
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Davut
Published: December 2023

Tüm Akdeniz dünyasında olduğu gibi Osmanlı coğrafyasında da 16. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren önemli nüfus artışları olmuştur. Bu artışların nedenleri arasında göçler mühim bir yer tutmaktadır. Bir süre Kızılbaş isyanlarının etkili olduğu Orta Anadolu’nun kuzeyinde, zikredilen yıllarda “Osmanlı barışı” adı verilen huzurlu bir dönem yaşanmıştır. İran sınır bölgelerinde Osmanlı-Safevî çatışmasından dolayı perakende ve perişan vaziyete düşen konar-göçerler Osmanlı barışının sürdüğü yerlere göç etmişlerdir. Çalışmanın ana temasını şekillendiren Amasya ve çevresi pek çok kez göç olaylarına şahit olmuştur. Bu bağlamda buradaki bazı konar-göçerler için bölge dışından geldiklerini belirmek amacıyla “Şarklu, Şarkiyan, Şark-i Pare” gibi ifadeler kullanılmıştır. Yine adı geçen sahada, asıl doğu bölgelerde faaliyet gösteren oymaklara rastlanması, Amasya ve civarına bir göç hareketinin gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla tahrir defterlerini temel alan bu çalışmada Osmanlı-Safevî mücadelesi sırasında Doğu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu bölgesinden Orta Anadolu’nun kuzeyine göç eden konar-göçer zümreler işlenmiştir. Genellikle bu gruplar Amasya başta olmak üzere Çorum, Osmancık, Mecidözü, Niksar, Sonisa, Samsun, Köprü, Arım ve Ladik gibi yerlere dağılmışlardır.
Ortaöğretim Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Dersi Öğretim Programları Ekseninde Köktürk Yazıtları
Authors: OKTAY Metin
Published: December 2023

Köktürk Yazıtları VIII. yüzyılda II. Köktürk Kağanlığı Dönemi’nde oluşturulmuş mezar taşlarıdır. Türk diline, Türk folkloruna, Türk inanç sistemine, Türk mitolojisine, Türk askerlik sistemine, Türk devlet yönetimine dair önemli bilgilerin yer aldığı Köktürk Yazıtları Türk tarihinin, kültürünün ve edebiyatının bilinen en eski yazılı belgesi olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Türk adının geçtiği ilk metin olan Köktürk Yazıtları, aynı zamanda millî kimliğimizin oluşumunu sağlayan eşsiz hazine niteliğindedir. Her toplum, yeni nesillerinin belli bir plan ve sistem dairesinde yetişmeleri için çaba gösterirler. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı da öğrencilerin tarihî ve millî bilinç açısından istenilen seviyede yetişmelerini sağlamak amacıyla değerler eğitimini programına almıştır. Bu bağlamda Türk milleti için tarihî ve millî değeri emsalsiz olan Köktürk Yazıtları, oldukça önemli bir işleve sahiptir. Bu çerçevede 1924 yılında hazırlanan Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin ilk dil ve edebiyat öğretim programında Köktürk Yazıtları’na yer verilmiştir. Sonraki yıllarda hazırlanan bazı programlarda ise yazıtlara hiç yer verilmediği görülmektedir. Köktürk Yazıtları’nın ele alındığı birçok dil ve edebiyat programında; yazıtların kazanım, amaç, hedef ve yöntem bakımından nasıl işleneceği üzerinde durulmamıştır. Bu çalışmamızda; 1924, 1927, 1929, 1934, 1938, 1950, 1954, 1957, 1960, 1976, 1992, 2005, 2011, 2015, 2017 ve 2018 tarihli Türk dili ve edebiyatı öğretim programlarında Köktürk Yazıtları’na yer verilip verilmediği, yer verildiği programlarda nasıl ve ne şekilde ele alındığı karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenecektir.
Mapping of soil erosion susceptibility using advanced machine learning models at Nghe An, Vietnam
Authors: Quyet Nguyen Chien , Thi Tran Tuyen , Thanh Thi Nguyen Trang , Ha Thi Nguyen Thuy , Astarkhanova T. S. , Van Vu Luong , Tai Dau Khac , Nguyen Hieu Ngoc , Pham Giang Hương , Nguyen Duc Dam , Prakash Indra , Pham Binh
Published: December 2023

Soil Erosion Susceptibility Mapping (SESM) is one of the practical approaches for managing and mitigating soil erosion. This study applied four Machine Learning (ML) models, namely the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) classifier, AdaBoost, Ridge classifier, and Gradient Boosting classifier to perform SESM in a region of Nghe An province, Vietnam. The development of these models incorporated seven factors influencing soil erosion: slope degree, slope aspect, curvature, elevation, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), rainfall, and soil type. These factors were determined based on 685 identified soil erosion locations. According to SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis, soil type emerged as the most significant factor influencing soil erosion. Among all the developed models, the Gradient Boosting classifier demonstrated the highest prediction power, followed by the MLP classifier, Ridge classifier, and AdaBoost, respectively. Therefore, the Gradient Boosting classifier is recommended for accurate SESM in other regions too, taking into account the local geo-environmental factors.
El vino de los incas: la visión francesa de la hoja de coca peruana en el discurso farmacéutico del siglo XIX
Authors: Cárdenas Moreno Mónica
Published: December 2023

Angelo Mariani (1838-1914), farmacéutico, publicista y mecenas corso, produjo en las afueras de París en 1863 el vino Mariani, una bebida elaborada a partir de una mezcla de vino de Burdeos y macerado de hoja de coca. El producto se vendió con éxito en Europa y Estados Unidos. La bebida se presentaba como un energizante excepcional gracias a un complejo sistema publicitario formado principalmente por escritores e ilustradores. Los artistas crearon carteles, historias ilustradas y grabados para Mariani, presentándolo como el científico que podía curar y mejorar la vida de los europeos gracias a sus investigaciones sobre los conocimientos ancestrales de los incas. Este artículo pretende mostrar las implicaciones ideológicas del discurso médico en asociación con el discurso artístico en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
Influence of Dispersion Interactions in the Diels-Alder Reaction of Cyclopentadiene,
Anthracene and Tetracene with C60: A DFT Examination
Authors: Masliy Alexey N. , Kuznetsov Andrey M.
Published: December 2023

Asbtract:

The activation and thermodynamic parameters of the Diels-Alder reaction of
cyclopentadiene, anthracene and tetracene with C60 fullerene are estimated at the DFT level
using PBE0, B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP functionals and the effect of accounting for dispersion
interactions in various semi-empirical Grimme models on these parameters. Structural
characteristics of the reagents, products, pre-reaction van der Waals complex, and transition
state are obtained. Taking into account dispersion corrections have practically no effect on
the geometric characteristics of structures with the covalent type of the bond, as well as on
the structure of the transition state. Still, it has a noticeable effect only on the structure of
the pre-reaction complex, in which the interparticle interaction has a van der Waals character.
At the same time, taking into account dispersion corrections plays a significant role in
assessing the thermodynamic and activation parameters of the reaction. An analysis of the performed calculations
showed that the combination of PBE0/def2-TZVP with the D4 model for dispersion interactions could be
recommended for the Diels-Alder reaction considered above.
Correlation between Carotid Blood Flow Velocity and Total Magnetic Resonance Imaging Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Patients
with Recent Small Subcortical Infarcts
Authors: Lv Yi-Jun , Zhang Qing-Xiu , LI Jing-Wei , Yun Wen-Wei , Zhang Min
Published: December 2023

Background:

The common and internal carotid arteries are the upstream vessels of
the small cerebral vessels. The relationship between hemodynamic changes in the significant
cervical vessels and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains uncertain. This research
sought to analyze the correlation between carotid blood flow velocity and the total magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) burden of CSVD in patients with recent small subcortical infarcts
(RSSIs).

Methods:

Data were gathered from individuals diagnosed with RSSIs admitted to Changzhou
Second People's Hospital between January 2022 and June 2023. Brain MRI was performed on
every patient to determine the overall MRI burden of CSVD, along with carotid duplex ultrasound
to evaluate carotid blood flow velocity and pulsatility index (PI) of the common carotid
(CCA) and internal carotid (ICA) arteries. The association between carotid blood flow velocity
and the total MRI load of CSVD was examined using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:

For our investigation, 272 individuals with RSSIs were screened. 82 individuals had a
moderate to severe load of CSVD, while 190 participants showed a mild burden. Patients with
moderate to severe burden of CSVD had lower end-diastolic velocity (EDV) and higher PI in
CCA and ICA than those with mild load (P < 0.001). After adjusting for variables like age, hypertension,
systolic blood pressure, and blood homocysteine levels, multivariate logistic regression
analysis showed that EDV in CCA (OR, 0.894; P = 0.011), PI in CCA (OR, 5.869; P =
0.017), EDV in ICA (OR, 0.909; P = 0.008), and PI in ICA (OR, 5.324; P = 0.041) were independently
related to moderate to severe CSVD burden. Spearman correlation analysis showed
that EDV in CCA and ICA was negatively related to the total MRI load of CSVD in patients
with RSSIs (P < 0.001). PI in CCA and ICA was positively associated with the whole MRI load
of CSVD (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Low carotid blood flow velocity and high carotid pulsatility index are independently
associated with moderate to severe burden of CSVD.
Improved Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues: Advancing Analytical Techniques to Ensure Food Safety
Authors: Fu Li , Zhu Jiangwei , Zhou Qingwei
Published: December 2023

Veterinary drug residues in foods pose risks to consumers and promote antimicrobial resistance. Effective detection methods are needed to monitor and control residues. Recent advancements in analytical techniques for veterinary drug residue detection were reviewed. Key sample preparation methods, including QuEChERS, SPE, ASE, and LLE, were summarized. Instrumental analysis techniques including LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, immunoassays, CE and biosensors were examined. Recent trends and future directions were identified.

:

LC-MS/MS and GC-MS provide the highest sensitivity and specificity for veterinary drug residue analysis. However, selectivity remains a challenge, particularly for complex matrices like meat and liver. Multi-residue methods now cover over 100 analytes, but analyzing new and legacy drugs lacking established methods is difficult. Increased sensitivity has been achieved through UHPLC and high resolution MS, but detection limits below 1 μg/kg often remain elusive. sSimplified onsite tests are gaining interest.

:

More selective extraction strategies, data-driven multi-residue methods, microflow LC, and integrated analytical platforms may help address current challenges. Continued advances in sample preparation, instrumentation, data processing, and validation will be needed to fully realize the potential of veterinary drug residue detection and ensure food safety.
Role of Omega-3PUFA: A Nutraceutical for Brain Functioning and Treatment
of Mental Disorders
Authors: Garg Ishu , Kumari Raj , Sharma Meenakshi
Published: December 2023

Concerning the past few years in terms of health and nature, the globe has witnessed an upsurge in the use of nutraceuticals and nutritional and
natural products in therapeutics. The major reason for this step is the conventional pharmacological treatment using synthetic drugs that do not
meet the status of health and therapeutic requirements for various pathological conditions. Nutraceuticals promise prominent health and therapeutic
benefits with no adverse or side effects, providing extra health benefits besides their action in any defined pathological condition. Nutraceuticals
are extensive biological therapies that include herbs, vitamins, fatty acids, prebiotics, and probiotics used to promote and maintain health to prevent
and cure pathological conditions, malignant processes, syndromes, and symptoms. Nutraceuticals have multidirectional therapeutic benefits and are
claimed to be effective products in aiding human health. The addition of omega-3 for the treatment of mental and mood disorders was found to
have safer, more valuable, and better therapeutic results in comparison to the use of synthetic drugs. Omega-3 is available in the regular diet
through soybeans, walnuts, codfish, and salmon fish, and its constituents have been found to play a promising role in brain development, including
brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders, in the pathology of mental and mood disorders, and treatment of the same. Supplementation with
Omega-3 PUFA provides a promising effect in better brain development, treatment, prevention and cure of mental and mood disorders. This
review endeavours to display and assert the clinical relevance of omega-3 PUFA in brain development, pathology, and treatment of mental and
mood disorders.
Mechanistic Insight of Innovative Biomarkers for Screening of Type II Diabetes
Mellitus
Authors: Yadav Shubh Deep , Singh Neelam
Published: December 2023

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a compounded, persistent illness symbolized by an increased range of glucose levels in the blood caused by cellular
resistance to insulin action, insufficient insulin production by pancreatic -cells, or both. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), the extremely
widespread form of DM, is recorded for almost 85-90% of worldwide cases. T2DM is mostly common in middle-aged and older people, and its
causes are multifaceted. The use of efficient and profitable solutions for DM screening is critical to ensure pre-identification and minimising
patients' risk of acquiring the life-compromising illness. Identification of innovative biomarkers with test methods of DM is therefore critical in
order to establish vigorous, non-invasive, pain-free, highly sensitive, and precise procedures for screening. The purpose of this review article is to
mention and review all the necessary biomarkers that play a vital role in disease diagnosis and to highlight the present-day findings of the latest
clinically validated and traditional biomarkers and procedures for determining them, which provide cost-efficient options for T2DM screening with
early detection. It is concluded that various biomarkers, both conventional and innovative, go hand in hand to diagnose the DM of any type.
Recent Advancements and Impact of Multimedia in Education
Authors: Yasmeen Gausiya , Adnan Afaq Syed , Faisal Mohd , Uzma Saman
Published: December 2023

The term “multimedia learning” refers to education that combines words
and images. Reading a physics textbook, seeing a recorded lecture, or watching a
PowerPoint presentation are all examples of multimedia learning. Also with the advent
of artificial intelligence, the format of the learning procedure has now become more
advanced, personalized, and relevant as students can get their answers more random
with full specification as compared to earlier processes. The 21st century, known
colloquially as the era of information and technology (IT), is currently in effect.
Nowadays, the educational sector makes extensive use of information and technology
to make teaching and learning successful and enjoyable for both teachers and students.
Teachers are the cornerstone of any society that is able to function. The use of
technology is crucial in teacher training programmers. Students can learn and gain
information through varied sources like the Internet, digital media, cable networks, and
social media sites like Whatsapp, Linkedin, Igo, Line, Facebook, Twitter, and Wechat.
Thus, multimedia, Information, and Communication Technologies (ICT) play a
significant role in training purposes and enhancing skills of teaching abilities. In the
ushering era of technology, namely multimedia, it is now utilized as a teaching tool.
Multimedia applications can be designed in effective ways to produce successful
educational results, according to several researchers and educators. Not only that, but
we'll also talk about the definition of multimedia, how it relates to learning tools, the
idea of multimedia applications, how they're made using various media, the kinds of
educational components that encourage students to learn in their natural environments,
and real-world problems. This article explains the concepts and traits of multimedia
and educational components. In light of the many altering needs of our society,
attention is now paid to various educational conceptions and practices. Changes are
being made in teacher education as well, as per these beliefs and practices. The
interdisciplinary approach, correspondence courses, orientation courses, and other
modern trends in teacher education are included below. Other methods utilized in
teacher education include team teaching, programmed instruction, micro-teaching, and
simulations. Action research is now used in teacher education as well. 
Biochar-thermoplastic Polymer Composites: Recent Advances and Perspectives
Authors: Malucelli Giulio
Published: December 2023

To fulfill the current circular economy concept, several attempts to reuse and
valorize wastes and by-products coming from different sectors (such as the agri-food,
textile, and packaging industries, among others) are being carried out at least at a lab
scale by academics, despite the increasing interest that also involves the industrial
world. One of the up-to-date strategies to transform wastes and by-products into new
added-value systems refers to the production of biochar (BC), a carbonaceous solid
residue derived from the thermo-chemical conversion, under controlled conditions, of
wastes or, more generally, biomasses. Apart from its conventional uses (such as for soil
remediation, heat and power production, low-cost carbon sequestration, and as a
natural adsorbent, among others), BC is gaining a continuously increasing interest as a
multifunctional micro-filler for different thermoplastic and thermosetting polymer
matrices. Undoubtedly, the wide possibility of producing BC from different biomass
sources, wastes, and by-products offers an attractive prospect toward a circular bioeconomy with “zero waste”. When incorporated into a polymer at different loadings,
BC can provide thermal and electrical conductivity, EMI shielding features, enhanced
mechanical properties, and flame retardance as well. This chapter aims to summarize
the current achievements in the design, preparation, and characterization of
thermoplastic polymer/biochar composites, discussing the current limitations/
drawbacks, and providing the reader with some perspectives for the future.
Biochar-Based Polymer Composites: A Pathway to Enhanced Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Pallikonda Mahesh K. , Antonangelo Joao A.
Published: December 2023

In the past 20-25 years, biochar has been promoted as a valuable resource of
a carbon filler in polymer composites, sustainable agriculture, and environmental
quality protection given its improved porous structure and electrochemical properties in
comparison to other carbon-based materials. Recent works focusing on biochar and
biochar-based nanocomposites are highlighting such properties and are even enhanced
with nanotechnology. The higher porosity attributed to biochar is highlighted along
with its great electrochemical properties able to retain nutrients for longer and favors
their slow release. The use of biochar as a filler material to improve the electrical
conductivity properties of polymers and the emphasis on various parameters, such as
pyrolysis temperature, the type of feedstock, and compaction pressures on the electrical
conductivity of the resultant composites are discussed.
Coconut Shell Derived Carbon Reinforced Polymer Composite Films for Packaging Applications
Authors: Chandrasekhar Gautam , Rangari Vijaya
Published: December 2023

With the advancement toward global sustainability, there is a widespread
demand for sustainable materials that can be used for various applications. Carbon has
gained much attention in the past few decades due to its scope of utilization in energy
and environment related applications. Biomass resources are considered a prominent
precursor for the synthesis of carbon-based materials due to their availability and
economic viability. In this study, high-quality graphitic carbon is synthesized from
Coconut Shell Powder (CSP) by pyrolysis and reinforced into a low-density
polyethylene (LDPE) matrix for fabricating films for packaging applications. A
custom-built high-temperature autogenic pressure reactor was used for conducting the
pyrolysis to synthesize carbon from the coconut shell powder and a blown film
extruder was used for fabricating composite films. For preparing the films, coconut
shell powder-derived carbon was added to the LDPE matrix at various weight percent
loadings of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 wt.%, respectively. Various analytical techniques such as
scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy,
thermogravimetric analysis, tensile test, and differential scanning calorimetry were
used for studying the properties of carbon and LDPE/carbon composite films. Upon
adding carbon as fillers, there were significant improvements in the tensile and thermal
degradation properties of the polymer carbon composite films. Upon the incorporation
of carbon into the LDPE matrix, the crystallinity and tensile strength were found to
improve by a maximum of 29% and 13%, respectively.
Two new species of Caryodaphnopsis (Lauraceae) from the Magdalena Medio, Colombia, with an updated key for the Neotropical Caryodaphnopsis species
Authors: Mendoza Cifuentes Humberto , Quiroga-Nova Javier David , Daniel Mauricio Daniel Mauricio , Ayala-Joya Melisa , Aymard-Corredor Gerardo
Published: December 2023

Background and Aims: Caryodaphnopsis is a tropical genus with an amphi-Pacific distribution, comprising 19 species, 10 of which Neotropical. Two new species are described from wet forest remnants on the western slopes of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, which is part of the Magdalena Medio biogeographical region. Their morphological relationships with Neotropical allied species are discussed.Methods: Descriptions and illustrations of both new species were based on collections from the Santander and Boyacá departments, deposited in the herbaria of the Bogotá Botanical Garden (JBB) and the Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS). Measurements of vegetative parts and inflorescences were taken from herbarium material. Floral structures and fruits were measured from fresh material preserved in alcohol. Threat categories were proposed according to IUCN criteria.Key results: Caryodaphnopsis carmensis and C. yariguiensis are two species so far known only from the Magdalena Medio, Colombia. Caryodaphnopsis carmensis is unique because of its dense, golden pubescence on vegetative parts, leaves with subcordate base and 14-17 arcuate tertiary veins, located between the first pair of secondary veins. Caryodaphnopsis yariguiensis resembles C. fieldii but differs from the latter by the shape of leaves and the stamens with a pair of glands located between the middle portion of filament. Both taxa are proposed as Endangered (EN). An updated key for the Neotropical Caryodaphnopsis species is presented, along with information about their geographic distribution.
Conclusions: The two species described are trees that yield one of the finest timbers in the Magdalena Medio and their populations are much reduced. We encourage their cultivation to promote their conservation. With these two new species, Colombia is the country with the greatest diversity of the genus (seven) and the Magdalena Medio has the highest concentration of endemic species (three).
Change in the mass of the terrestrial mollusk F. fruticum M. of two age groupsafter gamma-irradiation
Authors:   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, Cherkasova E.E. , Lavrentyeva G.V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (Kaluga Branch), Synzynys B.I. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, Mirzeabasov O.A. ,   Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering
Published: December 2023

There is a problem of a shortage of scientific data on radiation-induced effects in representatives of biota in connection with the expansion of the principles of the anthropocentric strategy of radiation protection. At the same time, international organizations on radiation protection issues support the initiative to study the effects of ionizing radiation not only on reference organisms, but also on other representatives of the biota. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of acute -irradiation on the biomass of the terrestrial mollusk F. fruticum M. two age groups to expand databases on radio-induced effects of biota. Mollusks are widely used in biological control of radioactive contamination, and the change in the mass of mollusks can be interpreted as a relevant indicator of "morbidity". The age of the mollusks was determined by the number of turns of the shell. Irradiation of mollusks was carried out in the range from 10 to 300 Gy in increments of 10 Gy. The study of the biomass index was carried out for 210 days after irradiation. The obtained results of a laboratory study for mollusks of the second and third age groups are part of an experiment aimed at identifying the features of radio sensitivity of representatives of terrestrial malacofauna. Throughout the experiment, in the control group (non-irradiated individuals), the dynamics of the mass of mollusks, characteristic of seasonal changes in natural conditions, is noted. At the same time, the absolute survival of animals in selected laboratory conditions is observed. Dose ranges with different manifestations of changes in the mass of mollusks were revealed. Radiation doses less than 100 Gy (second group) and 120 Gy (third group) do not induce a change in the studied indicator. Irradiation with doses of 110-150 Gy and 130-150 Gy initiates a decrease in the mass of mollusks of the second and third groups, respectively, during suspended animation. In the dose ranges of more than 150 Gy, a more complex dynamics of changes in the indicator was established depending on the time after irradiation and on the age group of mollusks. It is due to the peculiarities of the manifestation of radio sensitivity in animals of different ages.
Alimentación complementaria asociada al estado nutricional para niños/niñas de 6 a 12 meses de edad
Authors: Taco Janine , Agualongo David , Patín Odilia , Guano Neyva
Published: December 2023

La nutrición complementaria es fundamental para el desarrollo mental y físico de las capacidades cognitivas, motoras y mentales del niño; la misma aporta los nutrientes y la fortaleza necesaria para el crecimiento y el desarrollo de hábitos alimenticios adecuados. Se presentan los resultados de un proyecto en el que se analizó la alimentación complementaria asociada al estado nutricional de los niños/niñas de 6 a 12 meses del Subcentro de Salud Los Trigales durante marzo a julio 2022, a partir de la colaboración de 41 madres que aceptaron el uso de una guía de observación y la valoración antropométrica de sus hijos. Se identificó un 81% con normopeso para su edad, 15% normopeso con riesgo de bajo peso, 2% bajo peso (desnutrición global) y el 2% bajo peso severo (desnutrición global severa). Respecto a la talla y su correspondencia con la edad, el 46% tiene talla normal, el 24% riesgo de talla baja, 20% talla baja (desnutrición crónica) y 5% talla baja (desnutrición crónica severa). Respecto al IMC para la talla, 85% dentro de parámetro normal, 7 % peso alto y 2% con riesgo de bajo peso, y 2% con emaciación aguda, 2% severa y el 7% riesgo de bajo peso, desnutrición aguda y severa. En la relación con el perímetro cefálico, 98% de la muestra se encuentra dentro de los parámetros normales y el 2% crecimiento anormal. Finalmente se obtuvo el estado nutricional de 41 niños y niñas la mayoría presentaba peso, IMC y perímetro cefálico normales para la edad, lo que se correlaciona con el inicio de la alimentación complementaria a los 6 meses.

Palabras clave: Estado nutricional; malnutrición; neurodesarrollo infantil; primera infancia.