bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The entropy of the Au + Au system in low energy nuclear reaction
Authors: Li Xian
Published: October 2018

Considering the boundary effect, we adopt the Tsallis entropy and compute the time evolution of the entropy in low energy reaction system for the first time, dealing with the initial, compression, expansion and fission stages with a consistent method. We find that it rises up in the compression period and reduces slightly after separation, because of the energy exchange between the collective motion and the internal excitation. The research shows that the entropy curves in binary, sequential or direct ternary fissions are distinct, which declares that the entropy may be a novel criterion to study the breakup mechanism of heavy nuclear reactions in low energy.
Computing the invariants of intersection algebras of principal monomial ideals
Authors: Enescu Florian , Spiroff Sandra
Published: October 2018

We continue the study of intersection algebras [Formula: see text] of two ideals [Formula: see text] in a commutative Noetherian ring [Formula: see text]. In particular, we exploit the semigroup ring and toric structures in order to calculate various invariants of the intersection algebra when [Formula: see text] is a polynomial ring over a field and [Formula: see text] are principal monomial ideals. Specifically, we calculate the [Formula: see text]-signature, divisor class group, and Hilbert–Samuel and Hilbert–Kunz multiplicities, sometimes restricting to certain cases in order to obtain explicit formulæ. This provides a new class of rings where formulæ for the [Formula: see text]-signature and Hilbert–Kunz multiplicity, dependent on families of parameters, are provided.
Using a quadrupole deformed generalized Woods–Saxon plus spin-orbit potential to describe the polarized interaction 7Li→ +12C at 34MeV
Authors: Alcalá G. A. , Liendo J. A.
Published: October 2018

An overall description of the cross-sections and tensor analyzing powers corresponding to the elastic interaction [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] has been obtained with a coupled channel analysis using the rotational model. Based on the high electric quadrupole moment of the [Formula: see text] projectile, an optical model potential equal to the sum of a quadrupole deformed generalized Woods–Saxon potential and a standard Spin-Orbit term has been used. The deformed part of the potential induces reorientations and transitions that involve the first four energy states of the [Formula: see text] nucleus. These states are supposed to belong to an inverted [Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] rotational band proposed in the literature. Partial reproductions of the inelastic interaction [Formula: see text] have also been achieved by using the same deformed potential with the same parameter values that describe the elastic interaction. Comparisons are made with previous results obtained from optical model potential and continuum-discretized coupled-channel calculations using the cluster-folding model. The use of a deformed scattering potential introduces a tensor term that allows the reproduction of the tensor analyzing powers.
Conjugate Laplacian matrices of a graph
Authors: Paul Somnath
Published: October 2018

Let [Formula: see text] be a simple graph of order [Formula: see text] Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are two nonzero integers and [Formula: see text] is a positive integer such that [Formula: see text] is not a perfect square. In [M. Lepovi[Formula: see text], On conjugate adjacency matrices of a graph, Discrete Mathematics 307 (2007) 730–738], the author defined the matrix [Formula: see text] to be the conjugate adjacency matrix of [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] for any two adjacent vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for any two nonadjacent vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text] In this paper, we define conjugate Laplacian matrix of graphs and describe various properties of its eigenvalues and eigenspaces. We also discuss the conjugate Laplacian spectra for union, join and Cartesian product of graphs.
TALES FROM THE TAILS: SECTOR-LEVEL CARBON INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION
Authors: DODA BARAN
Published: October 2018

The level of GDP, its sector composition and the carbon intensity of individual sectors together determine a country’s emissions. To evaluate the contribution of changes in each determinant, I construct counterfactual emissions scenarios in a sample consisting of 34 sectors in 37 countries over 1995–2009. I compare these scenarios quantitatively using a novel metric, namely the relative cumulative emissions. I find that the composition of output and the carbon intensity of sectors individually or jointly constrained emissions in a large majority of countries. This motivates an analysis of high- and low-carbon intensity sectors, denoted HCI and LCI, where emissions and value-added tend to be concentrated, respectively. I document the cross-country variation in HCI sectors’ carbon intensity and show it declines over time largely due to improvements in developing countries. HCI sectors tend to account for a smaller share of employment; be more capital intensive; and employ a workforce with a lower average skill level. Employment declined in HCI sectors and increased in LCI sectors with its composition shifting towards high-skilled workers in both. Capital intensity growth was faster but multifactor productivity growth was slower in HCI sectors.
Goodness-of-fit of statistical distributions
Authors: Barr Joseph R. , Zacks Shelemyahu
Published: October 2018

Goodness-of-fit is used for the evaluation a model. They are commonly used to compare among competing models. The material is mostly classic. For more on the subject the reader is referred to the References including the two revised volumes Bickel and Docksum (2016).
Reproduce. Generalize. Extend. On Information Retrieval Evaluation without Relevance Judgments
Authors: Roitero Kevin , Passon Marco , Serra Giuseppe , Mizzaro Stefano
Published: October 2018

The evaluation of retrieval effectiveness by means of test collections is a commonly used methodology in the information retrieval field. Some researchers have addressed the quite fascinating research question of whether it is possible to evaluate effectiveness completely automatically, without human relevance assessments. Since human relevance assessment is one of the main costs of building a test collection, both in human time and money resources, this rather ambitious goal would have a practical impact. In this article, we reproduce the main results on evaluating information retrieval systems without relevance judgments; furthermore, we generalize such previous work to analyze the effect of test collections, evaluation metrics, and pool depth. We also expand the idea to semi-automatic evaluation and estimation of topic difficulty. Our results show that (i) previous work is overall reproducible, although some specific results are not; (ii) collection, metric, and pool depth impact the automatic evaluation of systems, which is anyway accurate in several cases; (iii) semi-automatic evaluation is an effective methodology; and (iv) automatic evaluation can (to some extent) be used to predict topic difficulty.
Analysis of Hair Shine Using Rendering and Subjective Evaluation
Authors: Ramesh Girish , Turner Martin , Schröder Björn , Wortmann Franz
Published: October 2018

Hair shine is a highly desirable attribute to consumers within the cosmetic industry and is also an important indicator of hair health. However, perceptual evaluation of shine is a complex task as it is known that even subtle manipulation of local hair properties such as colour, thickness, or style and global properties such as lighting or environment can affect the evaluation. In this article, we are interested in the physical, optical, and chemical characteristics that affect the realism of hair along with the perception of shine. We have constructed a Computer Graphics (CG) setup, based on current physical testing systems, that reduces the number of variables that affect the perspective. Physically based shading models were used to create the images that participants assessed on realism, health, naturalness, and shine through three different evaluation experiments. Our results provide new insights on how hair is perceived, the factors that affect its realism, and the potential of using CG techniques in the cosmetic industry to replace physical testing.
Deregulating Wall Street
Authors: Richardson Matthew , Schoenholtz Kermit L. , White Lawrence J.
Published: October 2018

We argue that implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act has contributed significantly to the reduction of systemic risk in the United States. However, Dodd-Frank also introduced burdensome rules that have little to do with systemic risk. This article evaluates the trade-off between capital regulation and regulation of scope in the context of Dodd-Frank, with a particular emphasis on the Volcker Rule. Recent regulatory reforms aimed at rolling back Dodd-Frank are evaluated and discussed.
Liquidity, Risk Premia, and the Financial Transmission of Monetary Policy
Authors: Drechsler Itamar , Savov Alexi , Schnabl Philipp
Published: October 2018

In recent years, there has been a resurgence of research on the transmission of monetary policy through the financial system, fueled in part by empirical findings showing that monetary policy affects asset prices and the financial system in ways not explained by the New Keynesian paradigm. In particular, monetary policy appears to impact risk premia in stock and bond prices and to effectively control the liquidity premium in the economy (the cost of holding liquid assets). We review these findings and recent theories proposed to explain them, and we outline a conceptual framework that unifies them. The framework revolves around the central role of liquidity in risk sharing and explains how monetary policy governs its production and use within the financial sector.
Risks in China's Financial System
Authors: Song Zheng (Michael) , Xiong Wei
Published: October 2018

Motivated by growing concerns about the risks and instability of China's financial system, this article reviews several commonly perceived financial risks and discusses their roots in China's politico-economic institutions. We emphasize the need to evaluate these risks within China's unique economic and financial systems, in which the state and nonstate sectors coexist and the financial system serves as a key tool of the government to fund its economic policies. Overall, we argue that ( a) a financial crisis is unlikely to happen in the near future and ( b) the ultimate risk lies with China's economic growth, as a vicious circle of distortions in the financial system lowers the efficiency of capital allocation and economic growth and will eventually exacerbate financial risks in the long run.
When Should a Patient with Statin-Induced Myopathy Be Re-challenged? A Case of Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy
Authors: Obreja Elena , Sequeira Pamela , Girnita Diana
Published: October 2018

Statins are notorious for causing myalgia and sometimes mild elevation of CPK (creatine phosphokinase). Herein, we present a case of necrotizing autoimmune myopathy induced by statins. The patient was on therapy with atorvastatin for about six years before she started developing myalgia and mild elevation in CPK that resolved after discontinuation of therapy. Since her cardiovascular risk was high and she had hypercholesterolemia, three months after CPK levels normalization, she was re-challenged with pravastatin. Few months later, she again presented severe myalgia, weakness, and elevated CPK levels. Hence, medication was discontinued, and she undergone an extensive workup for possible causes of inflammatory myopathies that revealed necrotizing autoimmune myopathy. Our case report offers an excellent source of “identification patterns” of muscular autoimmune disease which can be easily mistaken as common side effect of a drug.
A Novel Method to Quantify Longitudinal Orthodontic Bone Changes with In Vivo Micro-CT Data
Authors: Wang Chao , Cao Li , Yang Chongshi , Fan Yubo
Published: October 2018

Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is the result of region-specific bone modeling under a load. Quantification of this change in the alveolar bone around a tooth is a basic requirement to understand the mechanism of orthodontics. The purpose of this study was to quantify subregional alveolar bone changes during orthodontic tooth movement with a novel method. In this study, 12 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as an orthodontic model, and one side of the first upper molar was used to simulate OTM. The alveolar bone around the mesial root was reconstructed from in vivo micro-CT images and separated from other parts of the alveolar bone with two semicylinder filters. The amount and rate of OTM, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone volume (BV) around the root were calculated and compared at 5 time points. The results showed that the amount of tooth movement, BMD, and BV can be evaluated dynamically with this method. The molar moved fastest during the first 3 days, and the rate decreased after day 14. BMD decreased from day 0 to day 14 and returned from day 14 to day 28. BV deceased from day 0 to day 7 and from day 14 to day 28. The method created in this study can be used to accurately quantify dynamic alveolar bone changes during OTM.
Comparison of 15–20 mmHg versus 20–30 mmHg Compression Stockings in Reducing Occupational Oedema in Standing and Seated Healthy Individuals
Authors: Quilici Belczak Cleusa Ema , Pereira de Godoy José Maria , Seidel Amélia Cristina , Belczak Sergio , Neves Ramos Rubiana , Caffaro Roberto Augusto
Published: October 2018

Background. Elastic compression stockings (ECS) are effective in preventing and reducing occupational edema (OE), but the optimal pressure according to the prevalent working position during the day is still controversial. Objective. To compare the effectiveness of ECS with different pressures (15–20 mmHg or 20–30 mmHg) for reducing OE in individuals working in different prolonged postures. Methods. This cross-sectional study comprised 116 lower limbs of 58 individuals divided into three groups according to their prevalent postures over the day (sitting, standing, or combination). Volumetric measurements were taken at the beginning and at the end of three consecutive days. On the first day, individuals did not use compression stockings; on the second and third days, they used, respectively, 15–20 mmHg and 20–30 mmHg knee-length stockings. Differences between morning and evening volumes (measured edema) were calculated, compared, and correlated. Results. Volumetric variations were significantly lower on the second compared to the first day when individuals in all three groups used 15–20 mmHg compression stockings (p-value < 0.001). Measurements were even lower when they used 20–30 mmHg stockings: this decrease was more significant for the sitting (p-value < 0.001) than the standing (p-value < 0.05) and combined groups (p-value < 0.05). Reduction of measured edema was more significant in individuals working in a prolonged seated position. No significant difference was found only on comparing sitting and standing groups after the use of the 15–20 mmHg compression stockings. Conclusions. The use of ECS over a working day reduces OE in prolonged sitting, standing, and combined positions, with the reductions being greater with the higher pressure.
The Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in a Heterogeneous Group of Human Subjects
Authors: Adams Jose A. , Patel Shivam , Lopez Jose R. , Sackner Marvin A.
Published: October 2018

Background. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects neural balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems (ANS). Reduced HRV occurs in several chronic diseases and physical inactivity. External addition of pulses to the circulation restores HRV. A new method to add pulses to the circulation can be accomplished with a passive simulated jogging device (JD). We hypothesized that application of JD might increase HRV in seated and supine postures in a heterogeneous group of volunteer subjects. Methods. Twenty ambulatory persons (age range 31-88) were recruited. The physical activity intervention (JD) moved the feet in a repetitive and alternating manner; upward movement of the pedal is followed by a downward movement of the forefoot tapping against a semirigid bumper to simulate tapping of feet against the ground during jogging. Each subject underwent four, 30 min sessions in seated and supine postures with the active JD and same with Sham. HRV was assessed at baseline (BL), and Recovery (REC) from analysis of an electrocardiogram. Time domain variables were computed, namely, standard deviation of all normal RR intervals (SDNN) and square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD). Frequency domain measures were determined using a standard Fast Fourier spectral analysis, as well as parameters of Poincaré plots. Results. Thirty minutes of JD significantly increased time domain measures and Poincaré parameters of HRV in both seated and supine postures. Frequency domain parameters showed no change. The effects of JD on HRV measures were not affected by age, gender, or posture. Conclusion. The passive simulated jogging device increased HRV in both seated and supine postures. This intervention that provided effortless physical activity is a novel method to harness the beneficial effects of increasing HRV.
Play, Playfulness, and Self-Efficacy: Parental Experiences with Children on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Román-Oyola Rosa , Figueroa-Feliciano Verónica , Torres-Martínez Yoliannie , Torres-Vélez Jorge , Encarnación-Pizarro Keyshla , Fragoso-Pagán Samariz , Torres-Colón Luis
Published: October 2018

Background. Play serves as an essential medium for parent-child interaction; however, engaging children with ASD through play can be a challenge for parents.Purpose. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives of parents with children on the autism spectrum regarding play experiences and self-efficacy during play encounters.Method. Semistructured interviews were administered to 8 parents of children 3–7 years of age with ASD. The analysis was guided by the constant comparison method.Findings. Parental narratives denoted playful experiences reflecting components of Skard and Bundy’s model of playfulness. The facilitation of framing and suspension of reality were generally more challenging than facilitating intrinsic motivation and internal control. Participants associated self-efficacy during play with their perceived ability to interact with their child and with positive emotions experienced during play. Fathers generally derived a greater sense of self-efficacy from play encounters than mothers, and this was explained by differences in fathers’ and mothers’ motivations for playing. Mothers were motivated to play for outcome-oriented reasons (e.g., promote the child’s progress) whereas fathers’ motivations depicted greater emotional emphasis, reflecting a better match between motivation and perceived indicators of efficacy during play.Conclusion. The results suggest that a good match between motivation for playing and perceived indicators of efficacy during play is important for a parental sense of self-efficacy. Occupational therapists should utilize coaching strategies to increase parents’ understanding of play and playfulness and how they can affect a sense of parental self-efficacy.
A Case of Hepatic Glomerulosclerosis with Monoclonal IgA1-κ Deposits
Authors: Okabayashi Yusuke , Tsuboi Nobuo , Nakaosa Naoko , Haruhara Kotaro , Kanzaki Go , Koike Kentaro , Shimizu Akihiro , Fukui Akira , Okonogi Hideo , Miyazaki Yoichi , Kawamura Tetsuya , Ogura Makoto , Shimizu Akira , Yokoo Takashi
Published: October 2018

Glomerular immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposition is a common finding in hepatic glomerulosclerosis; thus, this disease is also called hepatic IgA nephropathy. However, only a small number of patients with hepatic IgA nephropathy have active glomerular lesions, so functional decline is slow in most cases. In this report, we describe a 60-year-old man who developed nephrotic syndrome and progressive renal impairment during follow-up for alcoholic liver cirrhosis. A renal biopsy showed a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like pattern; diffuse double-contours of the glomerular basement membrane and focal active glomerular lesions with moderate-to-severe endocapillary proliferation and fibrocellular crescents. Immunofluorescence findings revealed granular staining for monoclonal IgA1-κ and C3 on the peripheral capillary walls. Laboratory examinations did not reveal any definitive evidence of myeloproliferative disorders. Therefore, this case may represent a previously unrecognized etiology of renal injury in relation to liver cirrhosis that is characterized by monoclonal IgA1-κ deposits and proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Risk Factors for Neonatal Sepsis in Pregnant Women with Premature Rupture of the Membrane
Authors: Ocviyanti Dwiana , Wahono William Timotius
Published: October 2018

Background. Premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) is associated with high maternal as well as perinatal morbidity and mortality risks. It occurs in 5 to 10% of all pregnancy while incidence of amniotic membrane infection varies from 6 to 10%. This study aimed to determine the incidence of neonatal sepsis in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and the risk factors. Methods. A cross-sectional study was done in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from December 2016 to June 2017. The study used total sampling method including all pregnant women with gestational age of 20 weeks or more experiencing PROM, who came to the hospital at that time. Samples with existing comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus or other serious systemic illnesses such as heart disease or autoimmune condition were excluded from the analysis. Results. A total of 405 pregnant women with PROM were included in this study. There were 21 cases (5.2%) of neonatal sepsis. The analysis showed that risk of neonatal sepsis was higher in pregnant women with prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 18 hours before hospital admission (OR 3.08), prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 15 hours during hospitalization (OR 7.32), and prolonged rupture of membrane for ≥ 48 hours until birth (OR 5.77). The risk of neonatal sepsis was higher in preterm pregnancy with gestational age of <37 weeks (OR 18.59). Conclusion. Risk of neonatal sepsis is higher in longer duration of prolonged rupture of membrane as well as preterm pregnancy.
Flexural Vibration Analysis of Nonuniform Double‐Beam System with General Boundary and Coupling Conditions
Authors: Chen Lujun , Xu Deshui , Du Jingtao , Zhong Chengwen
Published: October 2018

In this paper, an analytical modeling approach for the flexural vibration analysis of the nonuniform double‐beam system is proposed via an improved Fourier series method, in which both types of translational and rotational springs are introduced to account for the mechanical coupling on the interface as well as boundary restraints. Energy formulation is employed for the dynamic description of the coupling system. With the aim to treat the varying thickness across the beam in a unified pattern, the relevant variables are all expanded into Fourier series. Supplementary terms with the smoothed characteristics are introduced to the standard Fourier series for the construction of displacement admissible function for each beam. In conjunction with the Rayleigh–Ritz procedure, the transverse modal characteristics of nonuniform double‐beam system can be obtained by solving a standard eigenvalue problem. Instead of solving the certain value of nonideal boundary conditions, the continuous spring stiffnesses of the boundary conditions are considered, and the rotational restrains are introduced in the coupling beam interface. Numerical results are then presented to demonstrate the reliability of the current model and study the influence of various parameters, such as taper ratio, boundary, and coupling strength on the free vibration characteristics, with the emphasis put on the rotational restraining coefficients on the beam interface. This work can provide an efficient modeling framework for the vibration characteristics study of the complex double‐beam system, especially with arbitrary varying thickness and coupling stiffness.
Numerical Simulations of Transfer of Spatial Beam Aberrations in Optical Parametric Chirped-Pulse Amplification
Authors: Chen Ying , Zhou Yuan , Jiang Guobao , Wang Lulu
Published: October 2018

In this paper, the spatial characteristics of the optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) process were numerically studied when initial pump beam was aberrated. Numerical results showed that the spatial walk-off effect transferred phase modulation partly to the signal beam as the pump phase was modulated. Moreover, the modulation amplitude became increasingly severe as the nonlinear length extended. In the absence of phase aberration in the initial input signal, the induced phase aberration in the output signal was assumed as the differential form of the pump beam phase. As the pump beam intensity was modulated, the spatial walk-off effect reduced the influence of pump beam noise on beam quality and the angular spectrum but reduced signal gain simultaneously; thus, it may do more harm than good in the OPCPA process. In the case of a non-diffraction-limited pump beam, the greater the beam quality factor Mp2, the lower the conversion efficiency of the output signal in the OPCPA process. These results have important guiding significance for optimized design of an OPCPA system for high power laser.
Effects of Comorbidities on Asthma Hospitalization and Mortality Rates: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mahdavian Masoud , Power Blake H. , Asghari Shabnam , Pike Jordan C.
Published: October 2018

Background. Recent studies have shown that patients diagnosed with asthma who have other chronic comorbidities have severely worse medical outcomes. However, the number of available published studies in this field is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of comorbidities in asthmatic patients based on hospitalization and mortality rates. Methods. A systematic review was conducted. Data were obtained from the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane until June 15, 2018. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effects of comorbidities on asthma hospitalization and mortality. The secondary objective was to analyze the effects of asthma comorbidity with certain chronic diseases, including COPD, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, mental illness (anxiety and depression), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, rhinitis, and sinusitis on asthma hospitalization and mortality. Results. From potential 687 articles, only 9 were chosen based on our study inclusion criteria. Almost half of these articles were related to asthma/COPD comorbidity. There were no articles found for hypertension, myocardial ischemia, rhinitis, or sinusitis based on our inclusion/exclusion factors. Each of these 9 published articles had shown an increase in rates of hospitalization, length of stay, and/or mortality, due to asthma-related symptoms, compared to asthma-only patients. Conclusion. There was determined to be a large discrepancy between the available research for various types of comorbid conditions presenting with asthma that focus on hospitalization and mortality rates. The current available literature suggests a large impact that these comorbid diseases can have on asthma-related symptoms when present together, severely affecting a patient’s quality of life. We propose that further research on the effects of these comorbidities on asthma mortality and hospitalization can yield beneficial results to improve the management of asthmatic patients.
Rasterstereographic Analysis of Lateral Shift in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Case Control Study
Authors: Krautwurst Britta K. , Paletta Jürgen R. , Mendoza Sylvia , Skwara Adrian , Mohokum Melvin
Published: October 2018

Objective. Detection of a lateral shift (LS) in patients with diagnosed disc herniation compared to healthy controls. Summary of Background Data. A specific lateral shift (LS) pattern is observed in patients with disc herniation and low back pain, as shown in earlier studies. Methods. Rasterstereography (RS) was used to investigate the LS. Thirty-nine patients with lumbar disc herniation diagnosed by radiological assessment and low back pain and/or leg pain (mean age 48.2 years, mean BMI 28.5, 28 males and 11 females) and 36 healthy controls (mean age 47.4 years, mean BMI 25.7, 25 males and 11 females) were analysed. LS, pelvic tilt, pelvic inclination, lordotic angle, and trunk torsion were assessed. Results. The patient group showed a nonsignificant increase in LS, that is, 5.6 mm compared to the healthy controls with 5.0 mm (p = 0.693). However, significant differences were found between groups regarding pelvic tilt in degrees (patients 5.9°, healthy controls 2.0°; p = 0.016), trunk torsion (patients 7.5°, controls 4.5°; p = 0.017), and lordotic angle (patients 27.5°, healthy controls 32.7°; p = 0.022). The correlation between pain intensity and the FFbH-R amounted 0.804 (p = < 0.01), and that between pain intensity and the pain disability index was 0.785 (p < 0.01). Discussion. Although some studies have illustrated LS with disc herniation and low back pain, the present findings demonstrate no significant increase in LS in the patient group compared to healthy controls. Conclusion. The patients with lumbar disc herniation did not demonstrate an increased LS compared to healthy controls. Other parameters like pelvic tilt and inclination seemed to be more suitable to identify changes in posture measured by RS in patients with low back pain or disc herniation.
Retractions and Homomorphisms on Some Operations of Graphs
Authors: Abu-Saleem M.
Published: October 2018

The aim of the present article is to introduce and study a new type of operations on graph, namely, edge graph. The relation between the homomorphisms and retractions on edge graphs is deduced. The limit retractions on the edge graphs are presented. Retractions on a finite number of edge graphs are obtained.
Dynamic Prediction for Accuracy Maintaining Reliability of Superprecision Rolling Bearing in Service
Authors: Ye Liang , Xia Xintao , Chang Zhen
Published: October 2018

A dynamic prediction method for accuracy maintaining reliability (AMR) of superprecision rolling bearings (SPRBs) in service is proposed by effectively fusing chaos theory and grey system theory and applying stochastic processes. In this paper, the time series of a vibration signal is used to characterize the state information for SPRB, and four runtime data points can be predicted in the future, which depends on four chaotic forecasting models to preprocess the time series. Using the grey bootstrap method and sampling from the four runtime data, a large amount of generated data (GD) are gained to analyze the changes in information on bearing service accuracy. Then, using a predefined accuracy threshold to match the Poisson count for the GD, the estimated value of variation intensity is obtained. Subsequently, with the help of the Poisson process, the dynamic evolution process is forecast in real time for AMR of the SPRB for each step in the future. Finally, according to a novel concept for maintaining relative reliability in an SPRB, the failure degree of a bearing maintaining an optimum accuracy status (BMOAS) is effectively described. Experimental investigation shows that multiple chaotic forecasting methods are accurate and feasible with all relative errors below 15%; the reliability of each step in the future can truly be described, and the prediction results for AMR over the same subseries show good consistency; dynamic monitoring of the health status of SPRB can be realized by the degree to which a BMOAS fails.
Highly Reliable Decision‐Making Using Reliability Factor Feedback for Factory Condition Monitoring via WSNs
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Lee Heung-No , Nooshabadi Saeid
Published: October 2018

Cooperation among sensors in a wireless sensor network, deployed for industrial monitoring in an indoor scenario, is a topic of interest in the smart factory and smart city research. The indoor wireless communication channel is very harsh and the observations of all the sensors cannot be sent reliably to the base station. Failure to transmit correct sensing results to the base station may result in false alarms or missed detection of events. Therefore, we propose a cooperation scheme for the wireless sensors to send the data reliably to the base station. Our aim is to increase the reliability of the received information, reduce the probability of error, lower the overall power consumption, and keep the latency to an acceptable low level. We propose a reliability factor feedback algorithm to adjust the weight of unreliable sensors in the decision‐making process. The proposed scheme is analyzed based on its latency, power consumption, and packet delivery ratio. Our results show significant improvement in the reliability of the received data, improved packet delivery, and reduced false alarm ratio for full repetition and cluster head‐based cooperation. The power consumption and latency in data transmission are also kept to an acceptable low level.
Comparison of Synovial Fluid and Serum Procalcitonin for Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Pilot Study in 32 Patients
Authors: Sa-ngasoongsong Paphon , Wongsak Siwadol , Jarungvittayakon Chavarat , Limsamutpetch Kawee , Channoom Thanaphot , Kawinwonggowit Viroj
Published: October 2018

Background. Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains challenging since a “gold standard” for diagnosis has not yet been established. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of synovial fluid procalcitonin (SF-PCT) and serum procalcitonin as a diagnostic biomarker for PJI and to compare its accuracy against standard methods. Methods. A prospective cohort study was conducted during 2015–2017 in 32 patients with painful hip or knee arthroplasty who have underwent revision surgery. Relevant clinical and laboratory data were collected. PJI was diagnosed based on the 2013 international consensus criteria. Preoperative blood sample and intraoperatively acquired joint fluid were taken for PCT measurement with a standard assay. Diagnostic accuracy was analyzed by the receiver-operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Results. Twenty patients (62.5%) were classified as the PJI group, and 12 (37.5%) were classified as the aseptic loosening group. The median age was 68 years (range 38–87 years). The median values of SF-PCT and serum PCT in the PJI group were both significantly higher than those in the aseptic loosening group: the median serum PCT levels (interquartile range: IQR) were 0.33 ng/mL (0.08-2.79 ng/mL) in the PJI group compared with 0.04 ng/mL (0.03-0.06 ng/mL), and the median SF-PCT levels (IQR) were 0.16 ng/mL (0.12-0.26 ng/mL) in PJI group compared with 0.00 (0.00-0.00 ng/mL) (p<0.001, both). SF-PCT, with a cut-off level of 0.08 ng/mL, had an AUC of 0.87, a sensitivity of 90.0%, a specificity of 83.3%, and a negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of 0.12. Serum PCT, with a standard cut-off level of 0.5 ng/mL, had an AUC of 0.70, a sensitivity of 40.0%, a specificity of 100.0%, and a LR- of 0.60. Conclusion. SF-PCT appears to be a reliable test and could be useful as an alternative indicator or in combination with standard methods for diagnosing PJI.
Inversion of Riesz Potentials for Dunkl Transform
Authors: Liu Moyi , Song Futao , Wang Rongxin
Published: October 2018

The inversion of Riesz potentials for Dunkl transform when G=Z2d is given by using the generalized wavelet transforms. It is also proved that the Riesz potentials Iακ are automorphisms on the Semyanistyi-Lizorkin spaces.
A Consensus Reaching Model with Minimum Adjustments in Interval-Valued Intuitionistic MAGDM
Authors: Xu Gai-li
Published: October 2018

This paper focuses on multiattribute group decision-making problems with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy values (IVIFVs) and develops a consensus reaching model with minimum adjustments to improve the consensus among decision-makers (DMs). To check the consensus, a consensus index is introduced by measuring the distance between each decision matrix and the collective one. For the group decision-making with unacceptable consensus, Consensus Rule 1 and Consensus Rule 2 are, respectively, proposed by minimizing adjustment amounts of individual decision matrices. According to these two consensus rules, two algorithms are devised to help DMs reach acceptable consensus. Moreover, the convergences of algorithms are proved. To determine weights of attributes, an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy program is constructed by maximizing comprehensive values of alternatives. Finally, alternatives are ranked based on their comprehensive values. Thereby, a novel method is proposed to solve MAGDM with IVIFVs. At length, a numerical example is examined to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process Method to Determine the Quality of Gemstones
Authors: Dwi Putra Mochammad Sobandi , Andryana Septi , Fauziah  , Gunaryati Aris
Published: October 2018

The selection of quality gemstones requires a special ability to select and assess the quality of gemstones to be traded. The diversity of types of gemstones and consumers becomes an obstacle in itself when the knowledge and ability of individuals to analyze the quality of gemstones is minimal. The decision-making method used is Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) method which is widely used in various sectors. F-AHP is easy to adapt to many decision issues; the research proposes a decision-making system using the F-AHP algorithm to analyze the quality of gemstones. The results obtained with the use of F-AHP model in the selection of quality gemstones show the highest quality of gemstones of all stones compared, Rubi 1, with a weight value of 0.152942.
Tramadol-Induced Mood Elevation in a Patient with No Previous Psychiatric History
Authors: Osman Mugtaba , Mustafa Mashael
Published: October 2018

Tramadol is a powerful analgesic medication with antidepressant effects like venlafaxine. Hypomanic features were reported in patients with psychiatric history of mood disturbance when tramadol was prescribed for them. However, it is extremely rare to notice such mood-elevating effect in patients who have no previous psychiatric history. We report on the observation of a distressing mood-elevating effect for tramadol in a patient with no previous psychiatric history. We present the case of a 26-year-old female patient who developed accelerated flow of speech, overactivity, and difficulty in sleeping following intake of tramadol 50 mg dose. These symptoms resolved four hours later and recurred as she retook tramadol. The patient has no history of mood disorder or any other psychiatric comorbidity. Clinicians should exercise caution when prescribing tramadol.
TET2 Deficiency Causes Germinal Center Hyperplasia, Impairs Plasma Cell Differentiation, and Promotes B-cell Lymphomagenesis
Authors: Dominguez Pilar M. , Ghamlouch Hussein , Rosikiewicz Wojciech , Kumar Parveen , Béguelin Wendy , Fontán Lorena , Rivas Martín A. , Pawlikowska Patrycja , Armand Marine , Mouly Enguerran , Torres-Martin Miguel , Doane Ashley S. , Calvo Fernandez María T. , Durant Matt , Della-Valle Veronique , Teater Matt , Cimmino Luisa , Droin Nathalie , Tadros Saber , Motanagh Samaneh , Shih Alan H. , Rubin Mark A. , Tam Wayne , Aifantis Iannis , Levine Ross L. , Elemento Olivier , Inghirami Giorgio , Green Michael R. , Figueroa Maria E. , Bernard Olivier A. , Aoufouchi Said , Li Sheng , Shaknovich Rita , Melnick Ari M.
Published: October 2018

TET2 somatic mutations occur in ∼10% of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) but are of unknown significance. Herein, we show that TET2 is required for the humoral immune response and is a DLBCL tumor suppressor. TET2 loss of function disrupts transit of B cells through germinal centers (GC), causing GC hyperplasia, impaired class switch recombination, blockade of plasma cell differentiation, and a preneoplastic phenotype. TET2 loss was linked to focal loss of enhancer hydroxymethylation and transcriptional repression of genes that mediate GC exit, such as PRDM1. Notably, these enhancers and genes are also repressed in CREBBP-mutant DLBCLs. Accordingly, TET2 mutation in patients yields a CREBBP-mutant gene-expression signature, CREBBP and TET2 mutations are generally mutually exclusive, and hydroxymethylation loss caused by TET2 deficiency impairs enhancer H3K27 acetylation. Hence, TET2 plays a critical role in the GC reaction, and its loss of function results in lymphomagenesis through failure to activate genes linked to GC exit signals.

Significance:

We show that TET2 is required for exit of the GC, B-cell differentiation, and is a tumor suppressor for mature B cells. Loss of TET2 phenocopies CREBBP somatic mutation. These results advocate for sequencing TET2 in patients with lymphoma and for the testing of epigenetic therapies to treat these tumors.

See related commentary by Shingleton and Dave, p. 1515.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1494
Males increase their fitness by choosing large females in the common bedbug Cimex lectularius
Authors: Kaufmann Elena , Otti Oliver
Published: October 2018

Mate choice is often a role assigned to females. Already Darwin realised that males are eager to copulate, and females are choosy. However, male mate choice is not as rare as assumed. Males should choose females if females vary in quality, i.e., fecundity. Indeed, males often choose larger mates and through this preference increase fitness benefits. In addition, if mating costs reduce the number of copulations a male can potentially perform, he should be choosy. Bedbug females vary in their fecundity and female size is positively related to fecundity. Male bedbugs are limited in seminal fluid availability and, hence, the number of consecutive matings they can perform. Traumatic insemination gives males full control over mating, therefore low female mating resistance could further allow males to be choosy. Here, using mate choice arenas, we investigated if male bedbugs prefer to mate with large females. We observed mating behaviour and measured female fecundity to investigate potential male fitness benefits. Males chose to mate with large females 1.8 times more often than small females and large females laid significantly more eggs than small females. Our study provides first evidence for male mate choice based on female body size in bedbugs and males can increase their fitness by mating large females. It has to be further established if male mate choice is driven by mating costs in terms of ejaculate investment and if such male mate choice based on female size could be a driver of sexual size dimorphism in bedbugs.
Two new species of Mooreonuphis (Annelida: Onuphidae) from Australia
Authors: PAXTON HANNELORE
Published: October 2018

Two new species of Mooreonuphis, a genus best known from the coasts of the Americas, are described from Australia, bringing the number of recognized Mooreonuphis species to 23. Mooreonuphis ariasi n. sp. was collected from off Sydney to Wollongong, New South Wales in sandy sediments, in depths of 25–50 m and M. wilsoni n. sp. in the Bass Strait and Tasmania, in 89–130 m. The two new Australian species are among the smallest and the only known abranchiate species in the genus. The summer collections of M. ariasi n. sp. contained a large number of brooders with their young undergoing asynchronous direct development in the parental tube. Nothing is known about the development of M. wilsoni n. sp.
Redescription of six feather mite species of the genus Proterothrix Gaud, 1968 (Analgoidea: Proctophyllodidae: Pterodectinae) from the “Édouard Louis Trouessart” Collection
Authors: CONSTANTINESCU IOANA CRISTINA , CHIȘAMERA GABRIEL BOGDAN , ADAM COSTICĂ
Published: October 2018

Six feather mite species presently referred to the genus Proterothrix Gaud, 1968 (Proctophyllodidae: Pterodectinae) were briefly described without being drawn by a French zoologist Édouard Louis Trouessart in the end of the 19th century. The type material used for description of these species is still preserved in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris, France). Based on this material, we provide detailed redescriptions, according to the modern format used for pterodectine mites, for the following species: Proterothrix diminuta (Trouessart, 1899), P. modesta (Trouessart, 1899), and P. phyllura (Trouessart, 1899) from Manucodia ater (Lesson) (Corvida: Paradisaeidae); P. emarginata (Trouessart, 1899) from M. chalybatus (J. R. Forster) (Corvida: Paradisaeidae); P. paradisiaca (Trouessart, 1885) from Paradisaea minor Shaw (Corvida: Paradisaeidae) and Sericulus chrysocephalus (Lewin) (Corvida: Ptilonorhynchidae); and P. xiphiura (Trouessart, 1885) from Psarisomus dalhousiae (Jameson) (Tyranni: Eurylaimidae). The lectotypes and paralectotypes have been designated herein for all examined species.
A taxonomic review of Paramblynotus Cameron, 1908 in China, with descriptions of five new species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Liopteridae)
Authors: DONG YING-YING , LIU ZHIWEI , WANG YI-PING , CHEN XUE- XIN
Published: October 2018

Five new species of the genus Paramblynotus Cameron, 1908, are herein described from China: Paramblynotus anjiensis, new species, Paramblynotus qingliangfengensis, new species, Paramblynotus longipetiolus, new species, Paramblynotus magnatus, new species and Paramblynotus nigricaputus, new species. Three additional species, Paramblynotus reticulatus (Kieffer, 1910), Paramblynotus nipponensis Liu, Ronquist & Nordlander, 2007 and Paramblynotus rufipes Liu, Ronquist & Nordlander, 2007 are reported from China for the first time and the distribution of six previously reported species are updated with new collection data. Paramblynotus metatarsis He, 2004 and Paramblynotus tianmushanensis He, 2004 are redescribed. A taxonomic review, distribution map, and a taxonomic key are provided for the 19 known species of Paramblynotus from China.
Characterizing Antecedent Conditions Prior to Annual Maximum Flood Events in a High-Elevation Watershed Using Self-Organizing Maps
Authors: Holman Kathleen D.
Published: October 2018

Flood frequency estimates are required for many water management and design engineering projects, including dam safety risk management activities. Most studies assume that annual or peak-over-threshold flood events are sampled from a single homogeneous population, an assumption that is sometimes invalid. In this study, we characterize conditions prior to annual maximum flood events in the Taylor Park watershed between water years 1981 and 2016 using historical observations and the self-organizing maps (SOM) algorithm. Inputs to the SOM algorithm include annual maximum daily reservoir inflow, annual maximum snow water equivalent (SWE), SWE melt length, and 4-day antecedent precipitation. Four-day antecedent precipitation is defined as the precipitation accumulated over the 3 days prior to and on the day of the annual maximum event. Results based on a 2 × 2 SOM output map, which represents four flood categories, suggest that 58% of events are the result of snowmelt with a near-negligible contribution from antecedent precipitation, 17% of events are the result of snowmelt combined with large antecedent precipitation, and the remaining 25% of events are the result of snowmelt with no contribution from antecedent precipitation. These results, which highlight the existence of more than one flood mechanism, may have implications for future flood frequency analyses in this watershed and other watersheds within the region.