bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noncanonical Wnt signaling promotes colon tumor growth, chemoresistance and tumor fibroblast activation
Authors: Fuertes Guillem , Del Valle‐Pérez Beatriz , Pastor Javier , Andrades Evelyn , Peña Raúl , García de Herreros Antonio , Duñach Mireia
Published: January 2023

Colon tumors of the mesenchymal subtype have the lowest overall survival. Snail1 is essential for the acquisition of this phenotype, characterized by increased tumor stemness and invasion, and high resistance to chemotherapy. Here, we find that Snail1 expression in colon tumor cells is dependent on an autocrine noncanonical Wnt pathway. Accordingly, depletion of Ror2, the co‐receptor for noncanonical Wnts such as Wnt5a, potently decreases Snail1 expression. Wnt5a, Ror2, and Snail1 participate in a self‐stimulatory feedback loop since Wnt5a increases its own synthesis in a Ror2‐ and Snail1‐dependent fashion. This Wnt5a/Ror2/Snail1 axis controls tumor invasion, chemoresistance, and formation of tumor spheres. It also stimulates TGFβ synthesis; consequently, tumor cells expressing Snail1 are more efficient in activating cancer‐associated fibroblasts than the corresponding controls. Ror2 downmodulation or inhibition of the Wnt5a pathway decreases Snail1 expression in primary colon tumor cells and their ability to form tumors and liver metastases. Finally, the expression of SNAI1, ROR2, and WNT5A correlates in human colon and other tumors. These results identify inhibition of the noncanonical Wnt pathway as a putative colon tumor therapy.
Ankle fractures of the geriatric patient: a narrative review
Authors: Ziegler Patrick , Bahrs Christian , Konrads Christian , Hemmann Philipp , Ahrend Marc-Daniel
Published: January 2023

The present narrative review provides a summary of current concepts for the treatment of ankle fractures in elderly patients.

Despite a high complication rate, open reduction and internal fixation is the gold standard for operative care. However, individual patient-based treatment decision considering the soft-tissue status, the fracture pattern, as well as the patient’s mobility and comorbidities is mandatory to achieve sufficient patient outcomes.

Due to high complication rates after surgery in the past, techniques such as fibular nails or minimal invasive techniques should be considered.
Miedź oraz jej nanocząstki jako alternatywa w zwalczaniu drobnoustrojów
Authors: Żydek Agnieszka , Maliszewska Anna , Mertas Anna
Published: January 2023

Walka ze zjawiskiem antybiotykooporności drobnoustrojów stanowi wyzwanie dla współczesnej medycyny. Szczepy wielolekooporne (ang. multidrug resistant – MDR) są przyczyną przewlekłych, trudnych w terapii zakażeń związanych z opieką medyczną. Narastająca skala problemu wymusza poszukiwanie nowych rozwiązań, które pomogłyby ograniczyć rozprzestrzenianie niebezpiecznych patogenów. Dotychczasowe badania, wykorzystujące nanocząstki metali, przynoszą obiecujące wyniki. W tej grupie na szczególną uwagę zasługują nanocząstki miedzi, które wykazują działanie przeciwdrobnoustrojowe w stosunku do wielu bakterii, wirusów czy grzybów. Obecnie jako środek przeciwdrobnoustrojowy wykorzystuje się miedź. Liczne placówki medyczne zastąpiły dotychczasowe wyposażenie albo jego elementy przedmiotami wykonanymi z miedzi lub pokrytymi miedzianą powłoką (klamki, ramy łóżek, przełączniki światła). Takie działanie umożliwia redukcję liczby patogenów w środowiskach związanych z opieką medyczną, tym samym ograniczając szerzenie się infekcji. Istotnym aspektem jest również potencjalna cytotoksyczność miedzi oraz jej nanocząstek. Dotychczas uzyskane dane pokazują, że nanocząstki metali wykazują 7–50 razy mniejszą toksyczność niż formy jonowe. Wiedza na temat bezpiecznego stosowania nanocząstek w medycynie jest wciąż niewystarczająca, dlatego należy podejmować kolejne badania w tym zakresie.
Beck Scales (BDI-II, BAI, BHS, BSS, and CBOCI): Clinical and Normative Samples’ Comparison and Determination of Clinically Relevant Cutoffs
Authors: Grigutytė Neringa , Mikuličiūtė Vita , Petraškaitė Karolina , Kairys Antanas
Published: January 2023

This article aims to evaluate 5 Beck scales – Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSS), and Clark–Beck Obsession-Compulsion Inventory (CBOCI) – comparing clinical and normative samples, and to determine clinically relevant cutoffs. The clinical sample consisted of 242 persons aged 18–74; 39 percent were men and 61 percent were women. The normative sample consisted of 1296 persons aged 18–95; 44 percent were men and 56 percent were women. In order to compare the estimates of the normative and clinical samples of the Beck scales, a paired data study sample was formed – 230 participants from the clinical and normative groups each. The clinical sample was divided into four groups according to the primary diagnoses: 107 (46.5%) patients were diagnosed with mood (affective) disorder (F30–F39), 38 (16.5%) with neurophysical stress and somatoform disorders (F40–F49), 51 (22.2%) with disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances (F10–F19), 34 (14.8%) with high risk of suicide (X60–X84; Z91.5; R45.81). 27 percent of patients had comorbid diagnoses. The results show high internal consistency of the Beck scales in all samples. The discrimination abilities of all five Beck scales are good; the cutoffs for each Beck scale in four clinical groups are estimated. Both the total clinical sample and the 4 clinical sample groups had significantly higher BDI-II, BAI, BHS, BSS, and CBOCI scores than the normative sample. In conclusion, the Beck scales alone are not sufficient for making a decision about the clinical diagnosis.
Formation of gas- and water-impermeable area in a mine working roof with injection bolts
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Krukovska Viktoriia , Vynohradov Yurii ,   Institute for Physics of Mining Processes of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

Safety and efficiency of coal mining depend on natural geomechanical and hydrogeological conditions of mining operations. They initiate the processes of deformation and water and gas filtration in the cracked coal seams and host rocks. Abundant water and methane inflowing into the mine workings, as a rule, leads to accidents, increased downtime of longwall faces, reduced productivity and economic losses. One of the ways to prevent gas and water inflow is to create an impermeable zone in the rocks around the mine working with injection bolts. Formation of such zones depends on the filtration area size and the rock permeability inside this area. It is conditioned by the natural fracturing of the rocks and degree of their unloading during the technological cycle of the mine face advancing. The purpose of this work was to investigate the conditions for the formation of an impermeable area in the mine roof with using injection bolts. A numerical model of the coupled processes of rock deformation and filtration of liquid polymer components was used for investigating the rock permeability in the mine working roof depending on the number of injection bolts. The host rocks permeability was calculated for cases when one, three or five injection bolts were installed in the mine roof. It is shown that permeability of the roof rock around the injection bolt decreases when polymer solidification process begins and the metal tube starts to work as a roof bolt. Diameter of the created polymer-reinforced rock-bolt support reaches 2.0 m, for the accepted initial and boundary conditions. When number of the bolts is three the polymer-reinforced monolithic rock-bolt supports are not interconnected; they are separated by fractured, disturbed rock, while installation of five polymer-reinforced supports in the mine roof form a rock-bolt canopy, which is practically impermeable. That is why density of the injection bolts installation plays a significant role in the formation of the rock-bolts canopy. With the increase of the number of bolts from one to five, average value of the permeability coefficients in the mine working roof decreases by 4 times. The formed rock-bolts canopy can serve as a barrier that restrains water and gas inflowing from the undermined rocks into the mine working. Keywords: injection bolt, injection of the consolidating mixture, impermeable beam, numerical simulation of coupled processes.
Static method of rock destruction with using a non-explosive destructive mixture
Authors:   Navoi State Mining Institute, Zairov Sherzod , Ravshanova Mukhabbat ,   Navoi State Mining Institute, Tagaiev Ilkhom ,   Navoi State Mining Institute, Khudoyberdiev Oybek ,   Navoi State Mining Institute
Published: January 2023

The authors developed a mathematical model of the location of boreholes when using a non-explosive destructive mixture (NDM), which contributes to the formation of a continuous line of cracks and the smooth separation of rocks in the massif. The dependences of the change in the effective distance between contour holes on their diameter, compressive stress at the hole wall, Poisson's ratio, the tensile strength of the rock, and the additional stress directed at moving the block walls and opening them when using the NDM are established. A series of experiments on finding an optimum compounding of structure of NDM which would allow to accelerate process of hydration without additional heat release and to provide high pressure during 5-8 h after use of structure was carried out. Variants of the chemical mixture that maximizes the expansion and destruction of rocks were optimized. More than 200 experiments on rupture of samples of various materials (glass bubbles, plaster, brick, marble) were conducted. On the basis of the received results, a method was developed for formulating composition of NDM with using components from local raw materials, which is safe for storage, transportation and use, creates high internal pressure in the holes and contributes to static destruction and rupture of rocks. The method for separating monoliths from the massif with use of new composition of the NDM is also developed. Implementation of the proposed method allows to displace a block of monolith into the goaf of the pit under the influence of high pressure of self-expansion with no spontaneous outburst of mixture. Experimental-industrial tests of the proposed composition and method of the NDM production were carried out in the Nuratinsky marble deposit of the Navoi region. As compared with the drilling and blasting method, method of separation of monoliths from massif by using the new composition of NDM makes it possible to reduce labour intensity of performed works, provides protection of environment, reduces cost of production and energy intensity of mining works, as well as increases safety of their execution Keywords: mathematical model of the location of holes, non-explosive destructive mixture, formation of continuous line of cracks, high internal pressure in the holes.
The naming of fables in the 19th century in Serbia, Poland, and Russia
Authors:   Institute of Classical and Slavic Studies, Department of Philology, University of Gdańsk, Ajdačić Dejan
Published: January 2023

In Slavic cultures, oral narrators, writers, folklorists use different names for folk narrative genres, so it is necessary to point out the mutual connections and historical changes of these genre names. The semantic motivation of the names of folktales is analyzed from Svetlana Tolstoy’s lecture Lexicon of folklore: metalanguage of folklore, and the names of fairy tales among Serbs, Poles and Russians in the 19th century are considered in collections and studies. under the influence of publishers, folklorists and writers.
Modern Ballad Studies on the South Slavic Scientific Terrains
Authors:   M. Rylskyi Institute of Art Studies, Folkloristics and Ethnology, Karatsuba Myroslava
Published: January 2023

The analysis of still relevant problem of the lyric-epic genre of ballads functioning in the South Slavic region is suggested in the following investigation. In particular, it is planned to consider the specificity of this genre existence in the South Slavs and its analysis in the studies of scholars-folklorists, namely Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians, Bosnians, Macedonians, Slovenes. A priority area of the research concerns to terminological aspect when considering the specific features of the ballad genre. The folk ballad as a scientific problem continues to be the object of contradictions at the present time. The discussions touch on the main issues: the definition of ballad concept, its distribution, genre specificity, place in the system of folklore heritage in general and in the hierarchy of lyric and epic works in particular; the existence of international plots in the ballad, national originality of the ballads, classification of ballad works, ballads poetics, etc. In general it is difficult to determine a common chronology of ballad works existence for European countries; since the very name ballad has a historical character, it is hardly possible to speak on a single and natural scheme of development of the ballad as a folklore genre form. Terminological vagueness and uncertainty are not an accidental phenomenon here, as this denomination has been associated classically with the features that often have no clear link and genetic inheritance between them. The ballad is defined by its own genre specificity, and the researchers of South Slavic folk ballads determine common features of the ballad genre. The ballad is aimed at the depicting the private world of ordinary people, the world of human passions, reproduced in a tragic way. And, accordingly, the main attention is paid to the solution of a key conflict.
New Traits to the Self-portrait with a Candle by Taras Shevchenko, the Author of the Poem Caucasus and The Testament Poetry
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National Museum, Ponomarenko Olesia
Published: January 2023

The comprehension of educational significance of the artist in the society by T. Shevchenko and W. Shakespeare is considered in the article. They are the writers, whose works have marked the beginning of new epochs. Comparative literary analysis of the fundamental ideas of the Shakespeare’s tragedy Romeo and Juliet and the poem Caucasus and The Testament poetry from T. Shevchenko’s Three Summers collection is accomplished. The motion from Classicism to Romanticism is rendered in Shakespeare’s work by the tragic collision between the kins’ hostility and a high feeling of love. An artist serves to the social insight for the sake of the person and nation in Shevchenko’s samples. The main images of Shevchenko’s poetry collection Three Summers and Life of the Saint Prophet Jeremiah (according to the collection Chetiyi-Mineyi by D. Tuptalo) are compared. An attempt to consider Shevchenko’s collection Three Summers as a literary and artistic integrity and to add Pereyaslavian vision of The Caucasus and The Testament to the traditional in this aspect imagery of the poem Dream, is made.
O cenário de pesquisas sobre Filosofia da Tecnologia no Ensino de Ciências por meio do estado da arte
Authors: Da Silva Geilson Rodrigues , Carneiro Marcelo Carbone
Published: January 2023

Nesta pesquisa tivermos como objetivo identificar o estado da arte em trabalhos acerca da Filosofia da Tecnologia no Ensino de Ciências. Utilizarmos para fundamentar as nossas ideias utilizarmos os apontamentos de Herbert Marcuse acerca da Filosofia da Tecnologia, especificamente sobre a sociedade unidimensional que utiliza a ideia de neutralidade da Ciência e da Tecnologia para perpetuar o sistema de dominação capitalista. Assim, elaboramos o estado da arte de publicações da área de Ensino de Ciências a fim de mapear as pesquisas publicados em periódicos-Qualis de A1 a B2 na classificação de 2016 e também no banco de teses e dissertações da Capes, além de eventos científicos. Identificarmos apenas 6 trabalhos ao total que estão   de acordo com os critérios de inclusão de inclusão. Com isso, observamos lacunas imensas de pesquisas que articulem a Filosofia da Tecnologia nos moldes marcuseano com o Ensino de Ciências. Dessa forma, reiteramos que é pertinente para a área de Ensino englobar tais discussões para consolidar a linha de Filosofia da Tecnologia que permite pensar a sociedade de forma mais crítica, buscando promover a emancipação humana.
The Nature of Allomorphy: Evidence from Burushaski Plurals
Authors: Bye Patrik
Published: January 2023

Important early work on phonologically conditioned allomorphy in OT argued that suppletive allomorph distribution (SAD) could be seen in terms of the emergence of the unmarked (e.g. Tranel 1994, Mascaró 1996). Later work by Paster (2006) and Bye (2007), however, has provided evidence that at least some cases of SAD are arbitrary. Such cases crucially require encoding the condition into either the lexical specification of the allomorph or the lexically specific constraints that refer to it. The formation of the plural in Burushaski, a language isolate of northern Pakistan, is a case study in arbitrary SAD. The realization of the plural is extraordinarily rich in suppletive allomorphs. To the extent that it is rule-governed, the distribution of these allomorphs may nevertheless be underdetermined by considerations of markedness or, in some cases, even the opposite of what one would expect on phonological grounds. For some suppletive allomorphs, moreover, semantic conditioning is also involved, underscoring the arbitrary nature of the distribution. Plural formation is, further, rich in exceptions, although the exceptionality is clearly patterned (Zuraw 2000). Considerations of markedness, generality of the allomorph, and phonetic similarity between exceptional forms and their ‘attractors’ are shown to play a role in shaping the exceptional patterns.
Allomorphy in OT: The Italian Mobile Diphthongs
Authors: Booij Geert , van der Veer Bart
Published: January 2023

This article deals with a famous case of allomorphy in Italian, the so called mobile diphthongs, a vowel alternation in the roots of inflectionally or derivationally related words. It is argued that the two allomorphs have to be lexically listed. The selection of the right allomorph is performed by the language-specific ranking of a set of universal phonological output constraints, as assumed in Optimality Theory. Proper assumptions about the balance between storage and computation of phonological information, in combination with a model of phonological computation in which allomorphs are listed and a set of ranked output conditions select the optimal allomorph provide an insightful account of the Italian mobile diphthongs, both from a synchronic and a diachronic perspective.
Lexical Insertion Occurs in the Phonological Component
Authors: Wolf Matthew
Published: January 2023

In many cases, the distribution of competing allomorphs is defined in terms of some phonological property of the surrounding environment. Considerable debate has taken place as to whether such allomorphy is resolved in the phonological or morphological component of the grammar. On the one hand, phonologically conditioned allomorphy often conspires with phonological processes or static phonological restrictions of the language, suggesting that both are driven by the same well-formedness constraints. On the other hand, many cases display a wholly or partially arbitrary character difficult to attribute to plausible phonological constraints. This chapter proposes that the conundrum be resolved by assuming that phonological constraints and morphological constraints on spell-out are integrated into a single grammar. This approach also predicts the existence of a variety of patterns, which the paper argues to be attested, in which the morphologically expected outcome is sacrificed to satisfy a phonological condition.
Introduction by the Editors
Authors: Bonet Eulàlia , Lloret Maria-Rosa , Mascaró Joan
Published: January 2023

This volume is a collection of original contributions to the study of lexical allomorphy, with a focus on Optimality Theory’s distinctive take on this topic. The chapters provide an up-to-date perspective on the advances in our understanding of allomorphy which Optimality Theory has been able to secure (in comparison with rule-based Generative Phonology). They also consider a number of important allomorphy questions which Optimality Theory has helped raise and address (e.g. the nature of inputs, the role of paradigms, the interaction of phonology with other modules of grammar, lexical storage vs computation, degrees of phonological (ir)regularity, subcategorization vs markedness). The contributors form an international array of linguists from North America and Europe. A broad variety of languages serve as the empirical base for the volume, either in detailed case studies (e.g. Burushaski, Catalan, English, French, Italian, Moroccan Arabic, Sahaptin) or in encompassing typological surveys. The volume is aimed at professional linguists with an interest in phonology, morphology, and the lexicon. With its broad coverage of allomorphy issues, the book’s content will also lend itself to courses in phonology and morphology for advanced undergraduates and graduate students.
Dakwah Salafi Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Mingkabau
Authors: Tomi Hendra
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine how Salafi da'wah TV, Surau TV, has utilised local wisdom for proselytising. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through field research, the findings illustrate that the local tradition-based Salafi da'wah represented in the Suluah Minang program presents a different face of puritan Islam. The Salafi group, which has been considered to understand Islam textually and reject local wisdom, turns out to consider the existence of local culture as long as it is not ad odd with the principle of monotheism (tauhid). According to audiences, although Surau TV promotes a Salafi perspective, they do not reject the teachings presented on Surau TV, the Suluah Minang program in particular. This is because the themes discussed in this da'wah program do not directly offend religious groups, but it only explains cultural phenomena that are considered to be conflict with religious values through the arguments of the Qur'an and sunnah.
Representasi Muslim Modern Timur Tengah dalam Videoklip ‘Stereotype World: The Middle East Speak UP!’
Authors: Alan Surya  , Reni Pebriyani
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyse the representation of Middle Eastern Muslims in the video clip, Stereotype World: The Middle East Speak UP!, created by Haifa Beseisso, a rapper, Youtube vlogger, philanthropist and Palestinian activist in collaboration with Qatari director Kimo Basha. Using Roland Barthes' Semiotics analysis, the findings illustrate that the visual codes in the video clip Stereotype World: The Middle East Speak UP! deconstruct Middle Eastern myths built by Orientalists. This video clip represents modern-civilised Middle Eastern Muslims, friendly people who love peace and respect differences. Additionally, Islam, which is depicted through Muslim Tengah in this video clip, represents freedom of expression for Muslim women with advanced civilization and a modern lifestyle.
A new drug for the prevention of diseases caused by respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2023

.
New Possibilities of Preventive Immunization for Rotavirus Infection in Russian Federation. Overview of the Innovative Rotavirus Vaccine Profile
Authors: Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Fedoseenko Marina V. , Kalyuzhnaia Tatiana A. , Shakhtakhtinskaya Firuza Ch. , Tolstova Svetlana V. , Selvyan Arevaluis M.
Published: January 2023

This article is devoted to the issue of rotavirus infection in pediatric population and demonstrates worldwide prevalence of rotavirus among the causes of viral gastroenteritis and its persistent leadership among the causes of fatal diarrhea in children of the first 5 years of life. Specific prevention of rotavirus infection has been actively carried out around the world since 2005. Nowadays, we have adequate experience in the use of various rotavirus vaccines bolstered by their implementation in immunisation schedules for infants. The authors provide data on the efficacy and safety of rotavirus vaccines licensed and used in Russian Federation, involving the results of studies on safety, immunological and clinical efficacy of one of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccines.
Effects of Carbamazepine on Cardiovascular System: Literature Review
Authors: Gordeev Leonid S. , Kulbachinskaya Ekaterina K. , Bereznitskaya Vera V.
Published: January 2023

Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant that is commonly used in neurological and psychiatric patients to treat epileptic seizures, neuropathic pain, or bipolar disorder. Carbamazepine side effects, as well as side effects of many antiepileptic drugs, include cardiotoxic effects such as atrioventricular block, bradycardia, and cardiac rhythm disorders. However, carbamazepine has also been reported to have antiarrhythmic, normotimic, and membrane-stabilizing effects. This results in its administration to treat arrhythmias in children. Based on literature, carbamazepine administration as anti-arrhythmic drug is known in cases where the basic therapy was ineffective. The medication is not registered anywhere in the world for this purpose. Thus, it can be administered only off-label. The aim of our literature review is to analyze and summarize the existing data on carbamazepine effects on cardiovascular system, to determine its safety as anti-arrhythmic drug, and to describe various factors fostering its side effects.
STUDY OF OPTIONS FOR TRANSPORT PROVISION OF PRODUCTION INTEGRATION IN THE "PORT-INDUSTRIAL PARK" SYSTEM
Authors: SHKURENKO O. , PEREPICHKO M.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify the structure of costs according to possible variants of transport provision in the "port - industrial park" system, as a basis for further optimization of the relevant transportation processes. The Methodology. To achieve the outlined goal, a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition were used, namely: system analysis and synthesis, generalization to characterize the current state and trends of further development of the "port-industrial park" system; graph-analytical - for visual presentation and graphical interpretation of statistical data. The results. International sea freight transportation is one of the profitable, reliable, safe and most popular transportation of large consignments of all types of cargo due to the fact that they provide high energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, ergonomics of sea transport, operational transshipment procedures, access to all parts of the world with the presence of ports, etc. It has been proven that the industrial park will ensure the development of a modern industrial complex in the seaport with developed engineering and transport infrastructure, warehouse and administrative premises. On the basis of the analysis, the main directions for solving the tasks of transport support for the industrial integration of the "port - industrial park" system are identified, namely, the optimization of the transport and technological infrastructure; efficient use of port infrastructure; optimization of transport costs. In order to identify the cost structure according to the possible variants of transport support in the "port - industrial park" system, the possible variants of the transport and technological equipment of the "port - industrial park" system are presented in the form of a diagram, and the formula for calculating the costs for the delivery of a unit of cargo is given for the industrial park. Scientific novelty. The authors substantiated the expediency of the creation and functioning of the "port-industrial park" system, identified the cost structure for possible transport options for industrial integration in the "port-industrial park" system. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used to increase the efficiency of multimodal freight transportation management.
Importance of computed tomography angiography in acute/hyperacute ischemic stroke
Authors: Dias Bruna Arrais , Bezerra Karenn Barros , Bezerra Alexandre Sérgio de Araújo , Santana Vanessa Garcia , Borges Raquel Rodrigues , Reinaux Juliana Cavalcanti de Freitas , Souza Daniel Lima , Maluf Fernando Bisinoto
Published: January 2023

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the importance of computed tomography and computed tomography angiography (CTA) in stroke protocols, as well as their impact on endovascular treatment and on the determination of the etiology. Materials and Methods Were evaluated 28 patients with acute/hyperacute stroke in the anterior circulation who underwent intracranial and cervical CTA between April 2018 and August 2019. The parameters evaluated were the degree of stenosis, plaque characteristics, type of infarct, treatment, etiology, and the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS). Results: Of the 28 patients evaluated, 16 (57.1%) had an ASPECTS of 10 (the maximum score, indicative of normality). Four patients (14.3%) underwent thrombolytic treatment, and seven (25.0%) underwent mechanical thrombectomy. The etiology was atherosclerosis in 32.1% of the patients, cerebral small-vessel disease in 7.1%, cardioembolic in 7.1%, and undetermined in 53.6%. Regarding plaque, 17.9% of the patients presented stenosis ≥ 50%, 21.4% presented stable plaques, and 42.9% presented vulnerable plaques. Patients with a lower ASPECTS were more likely to have relevant stenosis and were more likely to have a total infarct. Conclusion: In the evaluation of patients with acute/hyperacute strokes, CTA provides important information, identifying occlusion, as well as helping define the etiology and inform decisions regarding treatment.
COMBINED TRAINING AND EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS' LOWER LIMBS
Authors: Wang Dan , Taek Jeong Yeon , Wang Shuai
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball presents unique competitive characteristics, requiring athletes a high level of strength, especially explosive strength. Objective: Study the effect of combined training on the explosive power of lower limbs in basketball players. Methods: The author selected 18 basketball players, equally distributed with the random method into a unipodal combined training group (S group), a two-legged combined training group (D group), and a conventional strength training group (W group), for the three-test data. Statistical analysis was performed on the data collected from the experiment. Results: There was a significant difference in approach height and three-quarter sprint in group S (p<0.05). The difference was not evident in the height of touch in situ (p>0.05). In group D, there was a significant difference in situ touch height p<0.01. There was no significant difference in the results of the three test indicators in group W (p>0.05). Conclusion: Compared to conventional strength training, unipodal combined training is more effective for the development of explosive strength in the lower limbs of basketball students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
EFFECTS OF FUNCTIONAL STRENGTH TRAINING ON SPRINTERS’ STRENGTH
Authors: Wang Zhiyong , Wang Jian
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The exercise of functional strength in a sprinter can play an essential performance gain to propulsion. Functional training can significantly affect the sprinter, preventing injury and making better use of physical training. The sprint interval training method has been widely recognized and applied. Objective: This paper explores the effect of functional strength training by the sprint interval training method on the strength quality of sprinters. Methods: This paper uses random sampling to select 30 male college sprinters as research subjects. The volunteers were divided into two groups according to the performance of the 100-meter speed project: All the essential data of the subjects who passed the T-test were without statistical difference P>0.05. Both groups perform daily training. Functional strength training was added to the experimental group by interval start training with a full 12-week cycle. The strength data of the athletes were measured before and after the experiment, measured, and discussed statistically. Results: The indicators showed significant differences, except for the normal left supine position support test, unchanged by the presented intervention(P<0.01). After the experiment, all indicators were statistically significant compared to the control group (P<0.01). The performance of the groups in the ball exercise, static jump, and vertical jump was significantly improved (P<0.01). Conclusion: Functional strength exercise can improve sprinters’ body control and stability. The sprint interval method can also improve the speed of upward force transmission. This conclusion is significant for formulating the strength training plan designed for sprinters. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
INFLUENCE OF DOUBLE JUMP ROPES ON ATHLETES’ LOWER LIMBS
Authors: Du Hongying
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The double jump rope swing is a rope jumping technique that combines the technology of vertical jump and rope swing, requiring participants to jump twice in a row with the soles of their feet. Objective: Study the effect of double-balance jump rope training on athletes’ muscular strength in the lower limbs. Methods: Through the experimental process, the dynamic and kinematic parameters generated during the process of vertical jump of the participants before and after the double balance rope jump exercise were tested; the effects of double balance rope jump on the biomechanical characteristics of the lower limbs and hip, knee and ankle joints of the participants were analyzed. Results: Compared to pre-training, subjects in the experimental group improved significantly (p = 0.05). Conclusion: After double rope jump training, the subjects obtained an increase in lower limb strength and ground reaction force at the extension stage in the vertical jump. They produced greater force in less time, suggesting that the lower limb burst strength was enhanced. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
METABOLISM AND PHYSICAL FITNESS CHARACTERISTICS IN TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS
Authors: Zeng Wei
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: The physical fitness of Chinese table tennis players is critical as the continuous development in sports technologies increases the demands for physical fitness during competitions. And the physical quality of table tennis players is a problem that cannot be ignored. Objective: Analyze the energy supply characteristics of table tennis and its special training methods based on the sport's temporal and spatial characteristics of the actual load. Methods: Sport performance is analyzed by the scoring system using video kinematic analysis, scientific literature research, and logical analysis methods. The research on energy supply in Chinese athletes according to the characteristics of the three energy metabolism systems is developed. Considering the different metabolic characteristics and physical content for a specific training protocol experiment. Results: Female table tennis players obtained significantly higher time, density, and hitting efficiency than male players (P<0.05). Table tennis is a sport that uses mainly aerobic energy, complemented by anaerobic exercises. Conclusion: Table tennis is a medium-intensity intermittent sport composed of short-term bursts with the ball and low-intensity activities without the ball. Competition in table tennis is based on aerobic energy delivery, with no oxygen-based movement. Athletes need to combine aerobic and anaerobic exercises during exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESTORATIVE EFFECT OF JOGGING ON LOWER LIMB MUSCLES
Authors: Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Chen Lichun
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Introduction: Jogging can be a great way to improve physical condition, boosting mind and body. Its method of movement is simple, and there are no sporting limitations as to age, gender, or training place. Jogging is believed to help repair muscle and joint injuries in the lower limbs. Objective: To explore the effects of running on recovering lower limb muscles. Methods: We surveyed 60 undergraduate students who took a 400-meter test at the same site. According to the test results, they were divided into low, medium, and high fitness levels. A questionnaire survey was also used with 20 undergraduate students from the Physical Education Department. Four groups of volunteers did some jogging exercises. Physiological, biochemical, and muscle strength measurements were performed after jogging. The data were statistically treated. Results: The magnitude of change in the sagittal angle of the knee and ankle joint did not increase significantly with increasing jogging rate. The changes in the sagittal angles of the hip, knee, and ankle joints were the same for the volunteers with different jogging rates. After 60 minutes of exercise, the low-fitness group showed faster breathing, an elevated heart rate, and a higher rate of lactate and creatinine in the blood. After 120 minutes of exercise training, all sedentary volunteers showed an increase in lactate, creatinine, respiratory rate, and heart rate (P<0.05). The test performance started to decrease at 400 meters. Conclusion: The maximal activation of different parts of the locomotor system changed under different rates of movement. Brief, controlled jogging may be beneficial to lower limb muscles. Still, long-term jogging may cause even more damage to the body and deleterious changes to rehabilitation in blood and biochemical parameters. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
Study of digestive enzymes in marine fish, Terapon jarbua, from Pakistan
Authors: Lal V. , Naeem M. , Asad M. , Tanveer K. , Zulfiqar A. , Kausar S.
Published: January 2023

Abstract Current analysis were performed to investigate the activity of various digestive enzymes, such as lipases, proteases and amylases in gut and their relationship to the other morphometric variables in a wild marine fish, Terapon jarbua. The descriptive data of the studied traits included fish weight, fish total length, gut weight, gut length, relative gut length, relative gut mass, Fulton’s condition factor, standard length and Zihler’s index. Gut length showed positive correlation with fish total length and gut weight, relative gut length (RGL) showed positive correlation with gut length. Relative gut mass (RGM) also showed positive correlation with total length (TL), gut weight (GW) and gut length (GL). Fulton’s condition factor showed positive correlation with fish weight, while negative correlation with fish total length and relative gut mass. Standard length displayed positive correlation with gut weight and gut length while, it showed negative correlation with Fulton’s factor. Zihler’s Index displayed positive correlation with gut length, RGL and Zihler’s RGM while, while showed negative correlation with Fulton’s factor and fish weight. Lipase showed negative correlation with gut weight. Amylase and protease activity have no correlation with other studied traits. Lipase activity displayed negative significant correlation with gut weight. Lipase activity showed significantly negative effect on gut-weight. Amylase activity on y-axis (PC2) contributed 13% in variation but not significantly correlated with first two principal components. It showed non-significant negative correlation with fish weight, fish length and Fulton’s factor while positive but not-significant correlation with other traits. Protease has positive and non-significant correlation with fish weight, RGL, Fulton’s factor, lipase and amylase while non-significant negative correlation with all other traits.
Spectral characterization and biological evaluation of biomolecules from the peels of three orange fruits: a comparative study
Authors: Moni S. S. , Mohan S. , Makeen H. A. , Alhazmi H. A. , Basode V. K. , Rehman Z. , Alam M. S. , Alam M. F. , Anwer T. , Elmobark M. E. , Abdulhaq A. , Alamoudi M. U. A. , Hadi I. M. H. , Amri S. A. A. , Alrithi A. M. A. , Jathmi Z. A. J. , Kaabi M. A. A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract The present work was designed to investigate the presence of bioactive chemicals in the reaction mixtures (RMs) of peels of Valencia, Mandarin, and African navel oranges, through GC-MS and FT-IR studies. Limonene, a unique compound, is present in the RMs of the three orange peels. Moreover, hexadecanoic acid 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester was identified in the RMs of all the three-orange peels. The RM of Mandarin orange exhibited potent cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 ATCC human breast cancer cells (HBC). All the three RMs exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 12228), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603), Salmonella choleraesis (ATCC 10708), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and Proteus mirabilis (ATCC 299).
Addition of transglutaminase enzyme in camel milk yoghurt to increase its sensorial aspects
Authors: Arslan Amin H. M. , Inayat S. , Gulzar N. , Bhatti J. A. , Masood S. , Ayub A. , Kanwal S. , Batool M. , Ajmal M. , Mustafa G.
Published: January 2023

Abstract Camel milk was obtained from A-block UVAS Ravi Campus Pattoki. After pasteurization at 72 °C (15 sec) it was cooled to 42 °C, then glutathione treated transglutaminase enzyme was added with the concentration of 0.5 g/300 mL, 1 g/300 mL, 1.5 g/300 mL, 2 g/300 mL while control sample with the addition of 1.5 g/300 mL gelatin. Then inoculation of milk was done with standard cultures of Yoghurt Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus at the rate of 2% for 3-4 hours at 42 °C. Samples were stored at 4 °C and were analyzed on 1st day and 28th day of storage. In our findings, there was slight increase in sensorial properties of all the samples. It was also observed that syneresis was reduced with the increase of enzyme quantity.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of the Origanum vulgare L essential oil on strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Silva S. L. , Araújo F. S. M. , Silva P. O. A. , Silva E. V. A. , Bezerra M. M. S. L. , Diniz A. F. , Oliveira D. M. , Jesus H. O. , Nascimento Junior B. B. , Medeiros L. A. D. M. , Oliveira Filho A. A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract Bacteria may be the initial cause of certain pathologies as well as a secondary agent responsible for the development of complications such as pressure ulcer infections. Pressure ulcers are a persistent health problem, especially in immunocompromised patients, and associated with infection by opportunistic microorganisms with antimicrobial resistance, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, highlight the need for the development of new antimicrobial approaches. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-adherent activity of Origanum vulgare L. (oregano) essential oil against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, as well as the effect of its association with synthetic antimicrobials. To this end, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) analyses were performed on microdilution plates. The assay of the Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MIAC), with test tubes. As well as, the association study through the infusion disc method containing ampicillin (AMP), gentamicin (GEN), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and ceftriaxone (CEF). Therefore, it was possible to obtain that the essential oil of oregano presents antimicrobial and bactericidal activity, with MIC ranging between 128μg/mL and 256 μg/mL and MBC between 256 μg/mL and 512 μg/mL, on the tested K. pneumoniae strains. When used in association with ampicillin and gentamicin, oregano essential oil showed synergistic effect for some strains. Therefore, it is observed that the tested essential oil can act as a promising antibacterial in the treatment of diseases caused by K. pneumoniae.
Fish defaunation in reservoirs of the Lower Paranapanema River basin, Brazil
Authors: Barros Ana Carolina Vizintim Fernandes , Pereira Alan Deivid , Garcia Diego Azevedo Zoccal , Jarduli Lucas Ribeiro , Vidotto-Magnoni Ana Paula , Orsi Mário Luís
Published: January 2023

Abstract Until now no study has used a defaunation index to quantify the decline of Neotropical freshwater fishes in environments fragmented by dams and reservoirs. So, we applied this index to 143 native fish in five reservoirs in the Lower Paranapanema River, that is situated in one of the Brazilian aquatic environments most impacted by anthropic degradation. Fish species were classified according to their functional groups, which were selected according to the biological characteristics that may reflect in defaunation events. The biggest reservoir in area with more tributaries and forest cover showed lowest defaunation index. The functional groups of fishes more affected by defaunation included species characterized by periphytivores, invertivores and algivores, non-migratory habit, with external fertilization, and parental care. Although reservoirs have different characteristics, this method can be tested in any other hydrographic basin. The results suggested continued conservation efforts to preserve the integrity of tributaries and the native fishes in reservoirs and pointed out the importance of maintaining native vegetation cover and fish restocking programs in the reservoirs with the highest defaunation values. Our finding can be use as the first data source for future studies using this defaunation index.
MODELING DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION OF TREE SPECIES IN A SEMIDECIDUOUS FOREST FRAGMENT
Authors: Ferreira Flaick Rodrigo de Lima , Pelissari Allan Libanio , Cysneiros Vinicius Costa , Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Moura Lucas Araujo , Marques Eduardo Resende Girardi
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT Modeling diameter distribution in natural forests is an important tool for understanding the native woody species dynamics, supporting decision-making for degraded lands management and restoration. Therefore, this work aimed to fit probabilistic density functions to evaluate the diameter structure of three tree species with economic interest, such as Campomansesia xanthocarpa Marl. Ex. O. Berg, Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr. and Zeyheria tuberculosa (Vell.) Bureau ex Verl., in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragment at São Paulo State, Brazil. The data came from 83 temporary plots of 10 m x 20 m systematically distributed along 164 ha. Log-normal, Gamma, and Weibull functions were fitted to the three species using the fitdistrplus-package in the R program. Kolmogorov-Smirnov's adherence test was used to evaluate the fits at a 5% probability level. The functions were selected employing Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) and Schwarz's Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), in addition to a graphical analysis of the fitted functions. The results indicated that the three species diameter structure is positively asymmetric, representing the exponential pattern, representing continuous natural regeneration. AIC and BIC statistics indicated the Log-normal function to describe the diameter distribution of C. xanthocarpa and Z. tuberculosa, while the Gamma function was the most appropriate for P. gonoacantha. For the three species, the graphical analysis showed the Gamma function results in the best fit without tendency for estimating frequency density per diameter class.