bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONFORMATIONAL PROPERTIES AND ELECTRONİC STRUCTURE OF ANTİTUMOR AGENT TYR-SER-LEU
Authors: Agaeva G. , Agaeva U. , Godjaev N.
Published: May 2024

Molecular modeling methods were used to study the features of the spatial and electronic structure of the antitumor tripeptide YSL (Tyr-Ser-Leu), developed by Chinese scientists. The conformational analysis of the molecule revealed a limited set of its energetically preferable conformational states in a certain range of relative energy. The nature of the forces stabilizing the low-energy conformations of the tripeptide molecule was determined. As a result of the study, the energetically preferable ranges of dihedral angles, the energy contributions of interresidual interactions and hydrogen bonds, as well as the mutual arrangement of residues and their side chains in low-energy conformations of the tripeptide were also determined. Using the methods of molecular mechanics, the energy contributions of intramolecular interactions in low-energy conformational states of the molecule were obtained. Based on quantum-chemical calculations, the distribution of electron density and the values of dipole moments of the most optimal spatial structures of the YSL tripeptide molecule were determined. The reactivity of the tripeptide was also studied by quantum chemical calculations based on the obtained electronic characteristics of each low-energy conformation of the molecule. Using the calculated coordinates of the atoms of the energetically preferable structures of the molecule, their molecular models were built, the comparison of which makes it possible to identify the structural criteria necessary to create a drug suitable for clinical use.
INFLUENCE OF OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED BY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN THE EARLY PERIOD OF POSTEMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Ibragimova Zh. , Mukhtarov M , Shukyurova P. , Bairamova S.
Published: May 2024

In the present work, the influence of oxidative stress induced by electromagnetic radiation in the early period of postembryonic development is considered, and also the influence of the electromagnetic irradiation studied by us on the dynamics of intracellular oxidant-antioxidant relations in the later development of the organism (in our case after two months) was considered. In studies of the biological action of non-ionizing radiation, the processes following the initial stage of absorption of electromagnetic radiation are more often considered, and this, apparently, is justified for living systems. In connection with the progressive introduction of this radiation into many spheres of life, a number of experiments were carried out in the laboratory "Physiology of Radiation", where the aim of the work was to study the effect of oxidative stress induced by electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 460 MHz on the dynamics of the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the lens of the eye during puberty in newborn white rats. Thus, the present study showed that in the lens of the eyes of subjects exposed to EMR, changes occur in the course of lipid peroxidation processes. However, more research is needed to substantiate the observed trends and put forward explanations.
THE GELATINOUS-TO-FORAGE ZOOPLANKTON BIOMASS RATIO OF THE WORLD OCEAN
Authors: Piontkovskiy Sergey , Minsky I. , Meger Ya.
Published: May 2024

The spatiotemporal variability of ocean profound biophysical characteristics (i.e. the intensity of bioluminescence, soun scattering layers and etc.) gradually depends on the zooplankton biomass distribution pattern. In turn, the forage zooplankton fraction (which is represented basically by crustaceans contributing to a small pelagic fish diet) and the gelatinous zooplankton fraction (which is characterized by jellyfish, ctenophores, and some other organisms), both play important but different roles in matter and energy transfer in the pelagic World Ocean. Forage zooplankton is the transformer that links producers to high trophic-level consumers. The gelatinous zooplankton channels the organic carbon towards a detrital pathway. The ratio of forage-to-gelatinous zooplankton biomass inferred out of international databases (JeDI and COPEPOD) and published papers (with data averaged for 1951-2014), was calculated. The dominance of gelatinous biomass (in carbon units) over the forage biomass in the upper 200 m layer across the World Ocean’s northern hemisphere was shown. This dominance can negatively impact fish stock recruitment.
Procedural skill maintenance: What it means to physicians, how it motivates them, and what stops them from doing so
Authors: Tan Jia Le Ivan , Ganapathy Sashikumar
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Maintenance of procedural skills is crucial for paediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians to provide high-quality care. A study by Lin-Martore et al. (2021) in the US identified key themes in conceptualising procedural skill maintenance (PSM), its motivations, and barriers to maintenance. However, the difference in culture brings into question the validity of their findings in other contexts. To determine its applicability specifically in an Asian context, this study aims to replicate the study at KK’s Women and Children Hospital (KKH), focusing on PEM physicians. While the findings are limited to a single hospital, they provide valuable insights into challenges encountered by PEM physicians.
Methods: A general qualitative approach was used through semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited through email. Interviews were conducted via Zoom and subsequently de-identified and transcribed. The data was coded manually through thematic analysis, identifying key themes.
Results: Fifteen PEM physicians were interviewed. Participants conceptualised PSM through technical aspects and measured competence through objective and subjective measures. General motivation themes found the (1) desire to provide optimal patient care, (2) procedural competence as part of the identity of a PEM physician who teaches and performs procedures, and (3) desire for choice when alternatives are present. Barriers included limited time, support, and opportunities.
Conclusion: The study found that the themes from the original study are applicable in KKH, featuring SDT concepts prominently. Practical recommendations for KKH were proposed. Future research can focus on the challenges and gaps in maintaining procedural skills and develop strategies to improve PSM in PEM physicians.

Keywords: Procedural Skill Maintenance, Singapore, Emergency Medicine, Qualitative, Paediatric Medicine
Enhancing teaching and learning of evidence-based practice via game-based learning
Authors: Tay Rosy Swee Cheng , Wegner Debby Regina , Lim Li Siong , Ting Joshua , Ong Shu Ting
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The Singapore Institute of Technology-University of Glasgow (SIT-UofG) Nursing Programme has traditionally taken a didactic teaching approach in the delivery of the Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) module. A hybrid approach was introduced using Game-Based Learning (GBL) to encourage active learning through gameplay.
Methods: A Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) was undertaken encompassing a cohort of 100 Nursing students taking the EBP module in their first year at the Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT) in the 2021/22 academic year. The experimental group (n=27) worked through the online GBL intervention and the EBP module, while the control group (n=27) took the EBP module alone. The GBL included five Learning Quests and three case studies.
Results: High levels of satisfaction were reported by both the experimental group (n=22) and the control group (n=15) on the traditional content and delivery of the EBP module. High levels of engagement were reported by the experimental group on the GBL intervention; a one-sample statistics analysis confirming a significant level of engagement (p<0.001). A Mann-Whitney U Test, however, found no significant difference in the Continuous Assessment (CA) scores of the two groups (p=0.507 and 0.461).
Conclusion: The introduction of GBL designed to deliver educational content directly associated with the learning outcomes increased the nursing student engagement in the EBP module. These findings and discoveries can be utilised to improve the GBL intervention to the EBP module to have a more positive impact the student CA scores and therefore on student learning.

Keywords: Evidence-Based Teaching, Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), Nursing Education, Game-Based Learning (GBL), Teaching and Learning EBP, Nursing Students, Gamification
IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF SUSTAINABLE HUMAN RESOURCES IN COFFEE BEAN SUPPLY IN THE SATAK COFFEE AGROINDUSTRY, KEDIRI DISTRICT
Authors: Yunanto Yogi , Kristanti Desi
Published: May 2024

The supply of coffee beans in Indonesia involves several stakeholders, namely farmers, collectors and KUB (Joint Business Group). Sustainable supply activities are human, economic, social, environmental and technological resource management activities. The aim of this research is to analyze the sustainability performance of human resources in the supply of coffee beans in Indonesia. The data processing stage is identifying the supply of coffee beans in Indonesia. Analysis of identifying the supply of coffee beans in Indonesia, analysis of added value, measurement and assessment of the sustainable supply performance index for coffee beans. The added value of coffee bean supply was analyzed using the Hayami modification. SCOR-AHP (Supply Chain Operations Reference-Analytical Hierarchy Process) is used to measure the sustainability performance of human resources. The supply status of coffee beans is calculated using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) technique with R software. The value added ratio for coffee farmers is low (46.58%) compared to collectors with (71.31%) and KUB (86.35% ). Farmers' supply performance is 71.99% lower than collectors with a value of 88.15% and KUB 86.77%. The economic dimension of sustainability is almost sustainable (78.39), the social dimension is sustainable (89.25), the environmental dimension is almost sustainable (79.63) and the technological dimension is almost sustainable (67.68). The aggregate value of sustainable supply shows 78.72% which means almost sustainable. This research recommends a strategy for building partnerships between coffee farmers and coffee cafes to improve performance and sustainability of the supply of coffee beans.
Síntesis de ZnO vía química verde con extracto de Bauhinia variegata para aplicaciones optoelectrónicas
Authors: Gómez Carlos Díaz
Published: May 2024

Se reporta la síntesis de polvos de ZnO por un método de química verde utilizando extracto de Bauhinia variegata. Se utilizaron los compuestos del extracto como agentes de transferencia química para la síntesis. Se pudo caracterizar como wurtzita ZnO tipo n con una morfología de conglomerados de partículas cuasi esféricas con tamaños promedio de 70 nm. Los análisis permitieron identificar impurezas de magnesio en la red cristalina que fue aportado por el extracto, así como posibles defectos intrínsecos ocasionados por la deformación de calda cuando se sustituye el Zn2+ por el Mg2+, La fotoluminiscencia del material supone la posibilidad de que el material se pueda utilizar como fotocatalizador ya que mostro una sensibilidad a longitudes de onda del espectro visible. Se encontró que el ZnO sintetizado presenta una brecha de banda reducida de 3.11 eV que puede ser interesante para diversas aplicaciones optoelectrónicas.
Hristiyanlığın Erken Döneminde ‘Biniteryen’ (İkili) Tanrı Anlayışı Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Kaymaz Yunus
Published: May 2024

Erken dönem Hristiyan ilahiyatçıların teolojik çekişmelerinde merkezi problem olarak zikredilebilecekolan kristolojik tartışmalardaki temel mesele, İsa Mesih’in mahiyeti ve Baba Tanrı ile ilişkisi etrafında şekillenmektedir. Çok erken dönemde başlayan bu tartışmalar Hristiyan ilahiyatında belirli bir seviyeye gelip artık teslis denilen tanrılık sistemini ortaya çıkarmıştır. İşte teslise giden bu sancılı süreçte henüz ‘olgunlaşmamış’ muhtelif bazı tanrı tasavvurlarının olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu makalede Hristiyan ilahiyatında teslis denilen üçlü Tanrı anlayışı oluşmadan önce Hristiyanlar içerisinde ikili bir Tanrı anlayışına sahip olan önemli sayıda kilise babasının olduğu iddia edilecektir. Bu ara süreci görmek teslisin kabulüne giden yolun daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır. İkili Tanrı anlayışı,Hristiyanların tümü tarafından kabul edilmiş standart bir inanç olmasa da önemli kilise babalarının metinlerinde bunun izleri görülebilmektedir. Bu araştırmada katı monoteist Yahudi mirasını devralan Hristiyanlığın ikili bir Tanrı anlayışını nasıl kabul edebildiği sorusu üzerinden bir tartışma yürütülecektir. Bu soruya cevap ararken Hristiyanlığın doğduğu coğrafyada farklı Yahudi yorumlarının olabileceği, özellikle de Helenistik Yahudiliğinin erken dönem Hristiyan ilahiyatını ciddi derecede etkilediği ifade edilecektir. Hristiyanlığın erken döneminde teslis öncesi kabul edilen iki farklı biniteryen (ikili) Tanrı anlayışının olduğu söylenecektir. Bunlardan birincisinde sadece Baba Tanrı ile İsa Mesih’ten oluşan bir yapı kastedilirken, biniteryen Tanrı anlayışının ikinci türünde ise tanrılık sisteminin bir tarafında Baba Tanrı varken diğer tarafında İsa Mesih ile Kutsal Ruh’un özdeşliğinden oluşan görece daha karmaşık/belirsiz bir karakterin olduğu ifade edilecektir. Bu araştırmada sözü edilen süreçte kilise babalarının metinlerinde ikili tanrılık yapısının her iki türünden de örneklerin olduğu ortaya koyulacaktır.
Prevention of stunting with nutrition and reproductive health education of adolescents in west Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Eka Arum Cahyaning Putri  , Faiq Amirul Hakim  , Eko Purwanto  , Nabilah Izzatunnisa  , Reny I’tishom  , Uswatun Hasanah  , Purwo Sri Rejeki
Published: May 2024

The problem of stunting in Indonesia is a serious threat that requires appropriate handling. Basic Health Research data in 2018 shows that stunting cases in Indonesia are still relatively high, reaching 30.8%. Behavior change is one of the pillars of efforts to deal with malnutrition and stunting. Adolescent reproductive health is defined as a healthy condition in the system, function, and process of adolescent reproduction physically, mentally, and socio-culturally. The Community Service activities that will be carried out are a Community Partnership Program scheme focusing on service in the health sector which focuses on adolescent reproductive health. The targets of this activity are teachers and students of 1st State Senior High School, Gunungsari, Lombok, West of Nusa Tenggara. This Community Service aims to increase knowledge and implementation regarding strengthening character and leadership spirit and using technology wisely, increasing knowledge and skills about motor activities through the socialization of sports movements, anthropometric measurements related to adolescent reproductive readiness, and breast self-examination. The methods used are seminars, focus group discussions, and training.
Introduction
Partitive Constructions and Partitive Elements
Authors: Sleeman Petra
Published: May 2024

Whereas most languages have proper partitive constructions and pseudo-partitive constructions, not all languages have partitive elements like partitive determiners, partitive pronouns and partitive case. This Introduction serves to introduce these partitive constructions and elements, to briefly discuss their diachronic evolution, their morphological and syntactic expression and their occurrence in various languages and dialects. After the presentation of this background information, the papers that are part of the volume are introduced.
Suizidalität im Alter – ein Ausdruck von gesellschaftlichem Ageismus?
Authors: Kessler Eva-Marie
Published: May 2024

Ältere Menschen, insbesondere sehr alte Männer, sind eine Hochrisikogruppe für Suizide. Es gibt empirische Belege dafür, dass das gesellschaftliche Altersbild, wonach das Leben im Alter defizitär und weniger wertvoll ist, in Kombination mit der normativen Erwartung, dass man im Alter nicht zur Last fallen soll, ein Risikofaktor für Suizidalität im höheren Lebensalter ist. Dieser Zusammenhang ist unter anderem auf inadäquate Strukturen der gesundheitlichen und pflegerischen Versorgung psychisch kranker älterer Menschen und auf eine schlechte gerontologische Qualifikation von Gesundheitspersonal zurückzuführen. Ageistische Einstellungen entfalten ihre schädliche Wirkung aber auch darüber, dass Personen diese gesellschaftlichen Altersbilder und -normen verinnerlichen, mit unmittelbaren negativen Konsequenzen für den Lebenswillen älterer Menschen. Der Abbau von gesellschaftlichem Ageismus sollte die zentrale Maßnahme der primären Prävention von Suiziden und assistierten Suiziden sein.
Урожайность, экологическая пластичность и стабильность коллекционных сортов гороха в условиях засухи 2020 – 2022 гг.
Authors: Тен Евгений Алексеевич , Ошергина Ирина Петровна , Куликова Галина Александровна
Published: May 2024

Проанализированы стабильность и пластичность 20 коллекционных образцов гороха листочкового и усатого морфологического типов листа в засушливых климатических условиях Акмолинской области Казахстана в период 2020 – 2022 гг. Дневные высокие температуры воздуха в период испытаний и незначительное выпадение осадков в период вегетации растений гороха по-разному отразились на продуктивности сортов. Погодные условия в изучаемые года были очень контрастными, что позволило более полно выявить и проанализировать достоинства и недостатки испытуемого селекционного материала. Оценена реакция растений сортов гороха на неблагоприятные условия вегетации. Минимальная средняя урожайность в опыте отмечена у сортов КАСИБ (14,47 ц/га) и Орловчанин (14,51 ц/га), максимальная — у сорта Статус (20,71 ц/га). После анализа образцов выделен особо ценный селекционный материал российской и казахстанской селекций с высокой экологической стабильностью, пластичностью, высокой устойчивостью к стрессу и урожайностью Ɵріс, Статус, Руслан, Омский 3, Л4-02, КАСИБ и Волгарь. Данные образцы рекомендуются для включения их в план гибридизации.
Создание сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы с использованием озимых форм в ФИЦ «Немчиновка»
Authors: Давыдова Наталья Владимировна , Казаченко Андрей Олегович , Широколава Алексей Валерьевич , Нардид Виктория Александрова , Резепкин Александр Михайлович , Шарошкина Елена Евгеньевна , Грачева Анастасия Викторовна , Карева Елизавета Сергеевна
Published: May 2024

Использование озимых форм при создании новых сортов яровой пшеницы позволяет значительно повысить продуктивность колоса, так как озимая пшеница имеет более крупный колос и более крупное зерно, чем яровая. В ФГБНУ ФИЦ «Немчиновка» (Московская область) озимые формы широко используются при создании новых высокопродуктивных сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы. В качестве исходных компонентов в селекционный процесс вовлекают как озимые сорта селекции института, так и сорта других учреждений-оригинаторов. В последние десятилетия число линий, созданных с использованием озимого компонента, составляет от 27,3 до 47,6 % материала конкурсного сортоиспытания ежегодно. С использованием перспективных форм озимой пшеницы в качестве одного из родителей в получены высокопродуктивные сорта яровой мягкой пшеницы, такие как Лада, Эстер, Аэстина, Любава, Агрос. Также создан ряд перспективных линий со стабильно высоким потенциалом продуктивности, устойчивостью к биотическим и абиотическим стрессорам, при этом по качеству соответствующих требованиям, предъявляемым к ценной и сильной пшенице.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE: ASSESSMENT, PROJECT, AND MECHANISM OF STRATEGY INTEGRATION
Authors: KUDRIAVTSEV V.
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to improve the methodology for assessing the level of sustainable development of a transport enterprise, as well as to develop a project and mechanism for integrating the strategy of sustainable development as one of the functional strategies of the marketing management concept for harmonizing interests with stakeholders. To achieve the set goal, a number of modern interdisciplinary research methods and techniques were used, including abstract-logical methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction; generalization - for reviewing information sources, studying domestic and foreign experience; systemic analysis - for a comprehensive understanding of the research object and a complex analysis of relationships between elements within the defined problem as a whole; problem-oriented approach - for scientific justification of the methodology for assessing the level of sustainable development of a transport enterprise.
The study discusses widely accepted methodological approaches to assessing sustainable development, one of which was taken as a basis, slightly modified and supplemented with indicators reflecting the content of the marketing management concept, taking into account the interests of stakeholders, and improved in terms of mathematical logic. It was proposed to distinguish a separate component of sustainability – risk sustainability, which generally refers to the internal property of a system that contributes to preserving its integrity in the face of various disruptive influences from the external and internal environment.
Furthermore, based on the improved methodology for assessing the level of sustainable development of a transport enterprise, a project "Designing Sustainable Development of a Transport Enterprise" has been launched. Its goal is to integrate the principles of the concept of sustainable development into the enterprise's marketing management system.
The implementation of the developed functional strategy for managing the sustainable development of a transport enterprise is based on the Balanced Scorecard toolkit, which allowed presenting goals for each area of sustainable development in the form of a hierarchy and decomposition, aligning general and specific interests, taking into account the interests, goals of the enterprise, and key stakeholders. Measures were also taken, including the use of marketing communication tools, for reflexive interaction with stakeholders, operational controlling to align interests, processes, and goals of marketing management.
The theoretical conclusions, approaches, and recommendations proposed in the article can be used to assess the level of sustainable development of a transport enterprise and to implement a mechanism for integrating the strategy of sustainable development and the marketing management system based on the Balanced Scorecard toolkit and controlling to harmonize the goals of market-oriented enterprise management and the goals, interests of key stakeholders.
Rekonstruksi Pemahaman Guru tentang Keragaman melalui Program Sekolah Guru Kebinekaan (SGK)
Authors: Muayati Muayati , Tjalla Awaluddin , Badrujaman Aip
Published: May 2024

Program SGK bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru tentang keragaman dan mendorong peran aktif guru menerapkan prinsip keragaman dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana program Sekolah Guru Kebinekaan (SGK) merekonstruksi pemahaman guru tentang keragaman. Metode penelitian menggunakan model deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan rekonstruksi pengalaman dengan tiga unit observasi, yaitu do/experience, reflection, dan apply. Lokasi pengumpulan data dilakukan di Jakarta dengan melibatkan 12 guru peserta program SGK dan Kepala Program sebagai subjek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rekonstruksi pemahaman keragaman guru melibatkan tiga tindakan utama, yaitu reflektif, kolaboratif, dan kontekstual. Tindakan reflektif dilakukan dengan menganalisis tiga kasus yang berkaitan dengan isu-isu keragaman, seperti layanan adminduk bagi penghayat Marapu, layanan pendidikan agama anak Aliran Kepercayaan Perjalanan, dan aturan penggunaan seragam sekolah di Padang. Tindakan kolaboratif dilakukan dengan berbagi dan bekerja sama dengan orang-orang yang berbeda dari mereka. Tindakan kontekstual dilakukan dengan mengimplementasikan solusi yang tepat dan relevan dalam pembelajaran.
The Strategic Determinants of Legislative Malapportionment in New Democracies
Authors: Riera Pedro , Lago Ignacio
Published: May 2024

The paper argues and shows with comparative empirical evidence that some autocratic characteristics of a country affect the level of malapportionment of its electoral system when democracy arrives. The final version of the paper was published in the Journal of Electoral Studies in 2023.
Socioeconomic Heterogeneity and Party System Fragmentation
Authors: Riera Pedro
Published: May 2024

The paper displays empirical evidence from three observational studies and shows that the level of socioeconomic heterogeneity interacts with the degree of permissiveness of the electoral system to explain party system fragmentation in a democracy. The paper was published in 2023 in the Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties.
How collective punishment harms intergroup relations through ingroup homogeneity, perceived fairness, and counter-collective action: A registered report
Authors: Uysal Mete Sefa , Çoksan Sami , Kessler Thomas
Published: May 2024

Collective punishment targets people who did not commit the transgression that led to the sanctions as a response to the actions of their ingroup members. This registered report argues that such punishments lead to ingroup cohesiveness and harm intergroup relations by instigating a punishment-revenge cycle. In two pilot studies (N = 450) conducted in Turkey and Germany, we tested the influence of collective punishment on ingroup identification, perceived outgroup fairness, system illegitimacy, distributive justice, outgroup attitudes and collective action. Although pilot studies provide null findings, collective punishment decreases perceived outgroup fairness and positive attitudes towards the outgroup in Turkey. In the main studies, we replicated and extended our initial findings via different social contexts in Turkey and Germany using high-powered experiments (N = 1609). We demonstrated that collective punishment increased ingroup homogeneity and counter-collective action intentions, while it decreased perceived outgroup fairness and positive outgroup attitudes.
Bayesian Inversion with TimeOptMCMC
Authors: Meyers Stephen
Published: May 2024

TimeOptMCMC (Meyers and Malinverno, 2018) is a Bayesian approach for evaluating cyclostratigraphic records that quantitatively links geologic data with astronomical theory. This manuscript provides an introductory guide for conducting a TimeOptMCMC Bayesian inversion, following the approach of Meyers and Malinverno (2018). The purpose of this guide is to help users identify an appropriate data set for analysis, setup an inversion correctly, execute the inversion, post-process and interpret the results, and finally, provide appropriate documentation of the TimeOptMCMC inversion in their publication. An appendix includes numerous new scripts for executing the inversion and post-processing the MCMC results.
Contextual Information Shifts Young Children’s Understanding of Gender Constancy
Authors: Varlack Victoria Antoinette , deMayo Benjamin , Kahn-Samuelson Shira , Gallagher Natalie McDaniel , Rhodes Marjorie , Olson Kristina
Published: May 2024

Children's understanding of the stability of gender over time has long been recognized as a hallmark of early childhood cognitive development. Prior research has argued that until roughly age 6, children do not understand that a person’s gender identity remains consistent if the person undergoes a change in gendered behavior or appearance. However, this prior work has generally not given children any context as to why the behavior or appearance change is occurring. The present study showed 3-to-5-year-olds a character (e.g., “Johnny”) undergo such a change that occurred because of external factors (e.g., “Johnny is wearing his sister’s dress because all his clothes are dirty”); we asked whether children would indicate that the character’s gender was the same pre- and post-change. Children (N = 124, 52% girls, 66% non-Hispanic White) as young as 3 demonstrated understanding of gender consistency and were significantly more likely to endorse gender consistency when they were, versus were not, given context for the change (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.88). Results suggest that children take context into account when conceptualizing others’ genders and believe that gender is generally consistent across transformations in behavior or appearance by age 3. We discuss the implications of these findings in light of a broader literature about children’s understanding of gender constancy as well as contemporary understandings of gender that sometimes accommodate the idea that a person’s gender can change.
“Use” as a Conscious Thought: Towards a Theory of “Use” in Autonomous Things
Authors: Khan Gohar , Feroz A Karim
Published: May 2024

The way users perceive and use information systems artefacts has been mainly studied from the notion of behavioral beliefs, deliberate cognitive efforts, and physical actions performed by human actors to produce certain outcomes. The next generation of information systems, however, can sense, respond, and adapt to environments without necessitating similar cognitive efforts, physical contact, or explicit instructions to operate. Therefore, by leveraging theories of consciousness and technology use, this research aims to advance an alternative understanding of the "use" associated with the next generation of IS artefacts that do not require deliberate cognitive efforts, physical manipulation, or explicit instructions to yield outcomes. The theory and proposed model were refined and validated through the burst detection technique, IS expert involvement (n=10), a pilot study (n=130), and end-user surveys (n= 119). Structural equating modelling techniques were employed to test the theory. We show that unlike the manually operated IS artefacts, the “use” of a fully autonomous artefact is a conscious thought rather than a physical activity of operating a system to produce certain outcomes. We argue that, unlike the traditional notions of use associated with manually operated technologies, conscious use is not characterized solely by behavioral beliefs stemming from logical and reflective cognitive and physical efforts (e.g., effort expectancy). We propose the notion of conscious use within the context of fully autonomous entities and empirically validate its measure. Additionally, we offer recommendations for future research directions in this area. The conceptualization of this new theory for fully autonomous IS artefacts adds significant academic value to the literature given the convergence of AI-based machine learning systems and cognitive computing systems.
Machine Learning Based Decision-Making: A Sensemaking Perspective
Authors: Li Jingqi (Celeste) , Namvar Morteza , Im Ghiyoung P. , Akhlaghpour Saeed
Published: May 2024

The integration of machine learning (ML), functioning as the core of various artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled systems in organizations, comes with the assertion that ML models offer automated decisions or assist domain experts in refining their decision-making. The current research presents substantial evidence of ML’s positive impact on business and organizational performance. Nonetheless, there is a limited understanding of how decision-makers participate in the process of generating ML-driven insights and enhancing their comprehension of business environments through ML outcomes. To enhance this engagement and understanding, this study examines the interactive process between decision-makers and ML experts as they strive to comprehend an environment and gather business insights for decision-making. It builds upon Weick’s sensemaking model by integrating ML’s pivotal role. By conducting interviews with 31 ML experts and ML end-users, we explore the dimensions of sensemaking in the context of ML utilization for decision-making. Consequently, this study proposes a process model which advances the organizational ML research by operationalizing Weick’s work into a structured ML-driven sensemaking model. This model charts a pragmatic pathway, outlining the interaction sequence between decision-makers and ML tools as they navigate through recognizing and utilizing ML, exploring opportunities, assessing ML model outcomes, and translating ML models into action, thereby advancing both the theoretical framework and its practical deployment in organizational contexts.
Analisis Sistem Pengendalian Intern Piutang Usaha Untuk Meminimalkan Piutang Tak Tertagih Pada PT Mutiara Multi Finance Galur
Authors: Annisa Jannatul Fithria , Yuniarti Puji
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: sistem pengendalian penagihan piutang, sistem pengendalian intern piutang dan efektivitas sistem pengendalian piutang usaha untuk meminimalkan piutang tak tertagih pada PT Mutiara Multi Finance Galur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Mutiara Multi Finace Cabang Galur sudah menerapkan dengan baik sistem pengendalian internnya dengan menggunakan unsur-unsur pengendalian intern serta sistem pemberian kredit yang sudah diterapkan dengan baik menggunakan prinsip kelayakan kredit yaitu prinsip “5C” (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, dan Condition). Dan untuk perhitungan tingkat piutang tertagihnya mengalami kenaikan setiap tahunnya sedangkan persentase tingkat piutang tak tertagihnya pada tahun 2020 sebesar 8,6% lalu pada tahun 2021 mengalami kenaikan mejadi 18.2% hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor eksternal yaitu faktor kondisi ekonomi dan karakteristik kreditur pada masa pemulihan dari pendemi Covid-19. Akan tetapi pada tahun 2022, perusahaan mampu menurunkan tingkat persentase piutang tak tertagihnya menjadi sebesar 17,1%. Dengan demikian, tingkat persentase piutang tak tertagihnya mengalami perbaikan yang menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian piutang usaha untuk meminimalkan piutang tak tertagih pada PT Mutiara Multi finance Cabang Galur sudah berjalan dengan cukup efektif.
Web-Based Laundry Service Information System Using Rapid Application Development Method
Authors: Achyani Yuni Eka , Aulianita Rizki , Mukhayaroh Anna
Published: May 2024

In the current era of digitalization, human needs for time make all household and community activities want to be practical, especially such as washing clothes. Especially for people who have busy demands and do not have time to wash clothes, dry and iron so they prefer to entrust their laundry to the services of a laundry or laundry, for the reason of saving time and to concentrate more on completing their work. This study aims to design a service information system that can help in conveying information about laundry and knowing the valid and efficient website-based laundry service information system. This form of research uses the Rapid Application Development method to produce a product and uses a prototype model to design the system. This Information System is the best solution for solving problems in the management of laundry service systems. With the use of computer data technology that is managed becomes faster, reducing time inefficiencies and reducing the occurrence of errors in processing data.
Captivity's Collections: Science, Natural History, and the British Transatlantic Slave Trade
Authors: Keiser Kennon
Published: May 2024

Grounded in extensive archival research on both sides of the Atlantic, Captivity's Collections mines scientific treatises, slaving companies' records, naturalists' correspondence, and museum catalogs to recover in rich detail the scope of the slave trade's collecting operations. The book reveals the scientific and natural historical profit derived from these activities and the crucial role of specimens gathered along the routes of the slave trade on emerging ideas in natural history.
Incidental diagnosis of Coronary Anomaly of the Circumflex Artery with Retroaortic Course by Transthoracic Echocardiography in young athlete
Authors: Bolognesi Massimo
Published: May 2024

The morphology of human coronary anatomy is fascinating because it is variable. When the morphology deviates from typical anatomy, it is considered anomalous, but this occurs in less than 1% of the population. The left circumflex anomaly is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the coronary arteries, whether it originates from the right coronary sinus (RCS), ergo the right sinus of Valsalva (RSV), or from the proximal right coronary artery and cusp. In this report, the author describes the original case of a 22-year-old healthy male and fit athlete with an anomalous course and origin of the LCX, diagnosed on TTE by the typical RAC during sports pre-participation screening.
Abscess Lodged Within the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle Secondary to Septic Arthritis
Authors: Jang Wooyoung
Published: May 2024

In deep neck space infections, structures within the fascial compartments may become compromised, leading to neurovascular, bony, or airway issues. Most commonly, infections of the oral cavity, face, or superficial neck spread through the lymphatics into the deeper tissues, causing lymphadenopathy and suppurative fluid collection leading to abscess formation. While some neck abscesses occur idiopathically, a retrospective review found that dental infection was the most common etiology (43%), followed by intravenous (IV) drug use (12%) and tonsillitis (6%). In contrast, our patient denied IV drug usage and had no significant medical or dental history that could account for her symptoms. Instead, she developed her neck abscess secondary to septic arthritis of the knee. Although synchronous localized infection of multiple sites is possible, cultures taken from the knee and the neck were both sensitive to Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), indicating that the abscess likely formed secondary to septic arthritis. Furthermore, the patient’s history of diabetes likely contributed to the progression of the infection. Rarely does a knee infection travel hematogenously and seed within the neck. Moreover, the abscess was lodged within the middle of the sternocleidomastoid muscle rather than within the fascial compartments. Physicians in the future should be aware of this distinct presentation of deep neck space abscesses.
Fibrinogen and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rocha Martinez Tania Leme da
Published: May 2024

Cardiovascular disease has a multifactorial origin. Among these risk markers, fibrinogen is the most prominent. Interest in the role of fibrinogen in the atherogenic process is long-standing. In the 1960s, one of the first studies correlating fibrinogen and coronary artery disease was published. Since then, much evidence has been accumulating establishing elevated plasma levels of fibrinogen as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. As in acute myocardial infarction, fibrinogen is also elevated in cases of cerebrovascular accident and peripheral artery disease. It is noteworthy that fibrinogen levels are elevated in patients with transient ischemic attacks, suggesting that fibrinogen levels should be elevated before necrosis occurs. It is known that plasma fibrinogen is a dimer made up of alpha, beta and gamma chains, whose union is made through disulfide bonds. Measures to reduce plasma fibrinogen include diet, alcohol, physical activity, and drugs. Since fibrinogen is a risk factor for coronary artery disease, measures to reduce its levels should be adopted. In the future, with the evolution of genetic studies, the detection of individuals predisposed to hyperfibrinogenemia may be performed. It is up to pharmaceutical research to continue the investigation of effective and easy-to-use drugs to reduce fibrinogen levels.
Single-Center Case Series Study: Barostim Improves Quality of Life Outcomes of Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Bindra Amarinder
Published: May 2024

The list of medications known to induce QT prolongation is long. We report here a case of long QT syndrome (LQTS) caused by use of Doxylamine, which has previously only been reported once. The patient arrived to the emergency department after having ingested two bottles of Doxylamine (roughly 96 tablets) in a suicidal attempt and was noted to have seizure-like activity prior to arrival. Upon admission she was found to have severe rhabdomyolysis and significant QTc prolongation (>650 ms). Her clinical status improved over the course of hospitalization with supportive treatment that included intravenous fluids as well as electrolyte monitoring and replacement. Given the relative ubiquity of Doxylamine, the purpose of this article is to raise awareness of a unique adverse effect of a widely available medication.
SACRAL KINGSHIP BETWEEN DISENCHANTMENT AND RE-ENCHANTMENT
Authors: Asch Ronald G.
Published: May 2024

France and England are often seen as monarchies standing at opposite ends of the spectrum of seventeenth-century European political culture. On the one hand the Bourbon monarchy took the high road to absolutism, while on the other the Stuarts never quite recovered from the diminution of their royal authority following the regicide of Charles I in 1649. However, both monarchies shared a common medieval heritage of sacral kingship, and their histories remained deeply entangled throughout the century. This study focuses on the interaction between ideas of monarchy and images of power in the two countries between the execution of Mary Queen of Scots and the Glorious Revolution. It demonstrates that even in periods when politics were seemingly secularized, as in France at the end of the Wars of Religion, and in latter seventeenth- century England, the appeal to religious images and values still lent legitimacy to royal authority by emphasizing the sacral aura or providential role which church and religion conferred on monarchs.
AMERICANS IN TUSCANY
Authors: Trundle Catherine
Published: May 2024

Since the time of the Grand Tour, the Italian region of Tuscany has sustained a highly visible American and Anglo migrant community. Today American women continue to migrate there, many in order to marry Italian men. Confronted with experiences of social exclusion, unfamiliar family relations, and new cultural terrain, many women struggle to build local lives. In the first ethnographic monograph of Americans in Italy, Catherine Trundle argues that charity and philanthropy are the central means by which many American women negotiate a sense of migrant belonging in Italy. This book traces women’s daily acts of charity as they gave food to the poor, fundraised among the wealthy, monitored untrustworthy recipients, assessed the needy, and reflected on the emotional work that charity required. In exploring the often-ignored role of charitable action in migrant community formation, Trundle contributes to anthropological theories of gift giving, compassion, and reflexivity.
THE POLYNESIAN ICONOCLASM
Authors: Sissons Jeffrey
Published: May 2024

Within little more than ten years in the early nineteenth century, inhabitants of Tahiti, Hawaii and fifteen other closely related societies destroyed or desecrated all of their temples and most of their god-images. In the aftermath of the explosive event, which Sissons terms the Polynesian Iconoclasm, hundreds of architecturally innovative churches — one the size of two football fields — were constructed. At the same time, Christian leaders introduced oppressive laws and courts, which the youth resisted through seasonal displays of revelry and tattooing. Seeking an answer to why this event occurred in the way that it did, this book introduces and demonstrates an alternative “practice history” that draws on the work of Marshall Sahlins and employs Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, improvisation and practical logic.
Fostering 21st Century Skills Development in Specially- Abled Learners: Teachers' Strategies and Approaches
Authors: Pirzada Gouhar
Published: May 2024

This study examines how to equip specially-abled learners with the 21st-century skills needed to thrive in today's rapidly changing technological landscape. Guided by four objectives, it explores the impact of technology on student participation, teaching strategies to improve interpersonal, problem-solving and critical thinking skills independent of technology, learning resources like creativity and cooperation to develop 21st-century abilities, and professional development for instructors on promoting teaching skills beyond technological competence. The goal is to enable students of all abilities to reach their full potential through inclusive education that goes beyond mere technological aptitude. This transformative research points the way toward successfully equipping learners with special needs with the skills required to prosper in our globally connected, fast-paced society.
DMAIC Analysis of Educational Institutes in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Amir , Akhtar Rehman
Published: May 2024

Pakistan is growing interest in implementing DMAIC in educational institutions to promote both quality and effectiveness. To teach learners about Six Sigma, the education sector is extremely important. Educational institutes don't want to adopt new technologies teaching methods or assessment strategies and fear of the unknown can make people resistant to trying something new or different they did not use proper training for the students and teachers thus, they didn't have any idea regarding the Six Sigma project, hence management wind up the training. Six Sigma and the education sector now have gaps in innovative learning styles, quality management, novel classroom learning methods, and effective teacher behaviour. A popular method of quality improvement Six Sigma is to be applied in a study using the DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, implement and control) criteria.
Lexical Analysis; A study of Essays at Secondary Level of Grade 8th
Authors: Ahmad Mahnoor , Rauf Sumaira , Faryal Sayeda
Published: May 2024

The study was carried out to identify the words used by students in their essay writing at the Secondary level. The following study has carried out Lexical analysis in student's essays and aimed to find out lexical differences between the essays of government and private school students.To collect data, a quantitative method was used. Two schools were selected and thirty essays were collected from the students of the eighth class. The study showed that the students have used nouns more frequently both by government and private school students. The students of government are short of vocabulary as they rely on memorization. While private school students use appropriate words in their essays and have a rich vocabulary. The researcher recommends that the teacher should assess the students in terms of their creativity, the teacher should encourage the students towards creative writing, and develop their vocabulary.
Comparative Study: Learning Environment of Pakistani Public and Private Secondary Schools
Authors: Batool Tahira , Kalsoom Tahira , Habiba Umm e
Published: May 2024

The objective of the study was to investigate the learning environment of public and private schools at secondary level. five public and five private secondary schools were the sample of this stusy in Lahore district. In addition, 100 male and female students of public and private schools was the sample of this research. The data was collected through self-developed instrument by the researcher. Major findings of the research were that students of public schools were more motivated toward studies as compared to students of private schools. In addition, public school teachers created the friendly learning environment as compared to private school teachers. Moreover, learning environment of private schools was free from noise and threats than public school. Furthermore, students of private school are satisfied from the teaching methodology as compared to the students of govt. schools. Finally, treatment of private schools teachers with the students is biased in the class rooms.