bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVOLUTION AND CONSTITUTION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN RUSSIAN PRACTICE
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Berdnikov Dmitriy V.
Published: May 2024

The research is aimed at studying the historical process of formulation and legislative consolidation of the principles of public procurement implemented in Russian practice. The empirical base of the study is based on the provisions of the federal law of April 5, 2013. No. 44-FZ “On the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works, and services to meet state and municipal needs” and a retrospective analysis of the conditions under which the formation and constitution of the rules of participation established by the state in the system of participation of suppliers of goods, works and services in the mechanism of satisfying the requests and needs of the state mechanism, taking into account socio-economic and the technological development of the country and the mechanism of material and economic support for the performance of the functions assigned to it by the state. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the author’s approach to the formulation of evolutionarily emerging and accepted principles of public procurement based on the multiplicity of scientific explanations of the nature of public procurement activities and the definition of the main characteristics of public procurement. Separate elements of the scientific novelty of the study are the definition of the logic of the constitution of certain evolutionary principles of public procurement and their consolidation in the current Russian legislation on public procurement, as well as a comparative analysis of the compliance of evolutionary and regulatory principles of public procurement. The scientific contribution of the authors is to substantiate the evolutionary logic of the formation of modern legislative support for public procurement activities and to assess the prospects for its further improvement. The result of the study was a comparative analytical correspondence of the evolutionary and regulatory principles of public procurement activities and a forecast of the promising conditions for the functioning of the public procurement sector and its change in the norms of legislative support for public procurement activities.
APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Barykina Yulia N. , Nechaev Andrey S. ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Linchun Xu ,   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk
Published: May 2024

The study identified problems in the use of economic instruments of state policy in the field of innovation management in the regions of the Russian Federation and proposed solutions through proprietary developments. A comprehensive system for applying economic tools for residents of special economic zones in the country’s regions is presented. A model for the use of economic tools at all stages of the innovation process and investor cooperation is proposed. An algorithm for adjusting regional tax rates has been created, which is presented as an effective tool for managing innovation in the regions of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the algorithm, a methodology has been developed for calculating the adjustment of income and property taxes, which will allow adapting tax policy to the current needs and development goals of the innovation sector, creating acceptable conditions for attracting investment and developing innovation at the local level.
ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF COMPUTER INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES ON THE INTERNET
Authors:   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov, Magamadova Tabarik S. , Nikolaeva Svetlana G. ,   Kazan State Energy University, Elezhbiev Bulat E. ,   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov
Published: May 2024

In the modern era of the rapid development of the Internet, computer information technologies and the Internet have become one of the important tools for the normal functioning of society, and the connection between them is becoming closer and closer. The new Internet+ business format has opened up new development models for various industries. From this point of view, the Internet provides a platform for the transmission of information for all sectors of society, and also facilitates the flow and transfer of information between different industries. As soon as there is a risk of this information being leaked to the Internet, this will create problems for users. Therefore, the problem of analyzing and studying computer information technologies, strengthening their application on the Internet and providing more secure functions for transmitting and using user information, thereby increasing the security of the Internet during use, is urgent.
TRENDS AND TENDENCIES OF BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION UNDER THE DOMINATING INFLUENCE OF DIGITIZATION AND INNOVATION COMPONENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN ECONOMY
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rachkovsky Ilya B. , Burlov Dmitry I. ,   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia; North-Western Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia, Morozova Marina A. ,   North-Western Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article examines the impact of digitalization on business transformation and economic development. It analyzes key drivers of digital transformation for enterprises, such as the adoption of artificial intelligence, big data, the Internet of Things, and the need for organizational adaptation. It highlights innovative components of economic growth: automation, data analytics, emergence of new industries. It discusses the challenges of the digital age - the necessity for continuous adaptation, cybersecurity, fostering a culture of innovation and collaboration within organizations. It explores the prospects of new technologies’ influence, the role of governments in supporting innovation, the importance of sustainability and ethical considerations in the digital economy.
MECHATRONICS AS A NECESSARY COMPONENT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Kazan State Energy University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Malev Nikolay A. , Batyrshin Kamil I. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation, Kaliamov Ilfat I. ,   Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the issue of digitalization of the economy. The evidence base is provided that mechatronics is the foundation for the introduction of innovations, including those that have a digital nature. The experience of a number of countries shows that mechatronics is an important industry, the development of which greatly stimulates economic growth. That is why programs for the development of mechatronics and robotics are being developed and taken under supervision and control at the state level. These processes are typical for the Russian economy.
MODERN INNOVATION MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Azimina Ekaterina V. , Bichun Yulia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rykova Yulia A. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of the analysis of regulatory literature and the practical experience of companies in relation to the conceptual apparatus and criteria for determining innovative products. The results of the analysis showed a lack of uniformity in terminology and an emphasis on economic effects when determining the innovativeness of products, works, and services in the regulatory literature. A study of the innovative activities of foreign energy companies indicated that companies are focusing their attention on the concept of sustainable development, but did not allow us to determine a unified approach to identifying the effects of innovation in this area. The goal of the work was to develop an approach that allows one to unambiguously define terms in the field of innovation theory. In addition to a comparative analysis of approaches to the definition of innovation, innovative products (hereinafter referred to as IP), presented in the regulatory literature and in open sources of leading innovative companies, our own terminology was formed and proposed with the typification of innovations depending on the stage of the life cycle at which they are located, visualization the proposed innovation management system. A system of statuses has been developed, including an innovative proposal, IP in development/expansion, IP ready for implementation, IP in pilot implementation, IP ready for use, IP in replication or re-implementation. Based on the concept of sustainable development, the author’s typology of the effects of innovation is proposed, and a fundamental approach to assessing the effectiveness of innovation is formulated.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS A UNIVERSAL TOOL IN THE HANDS OF AN EXPERT
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University named after Y. Gagarin, Saratov, Russia, Vetrov Alexey S. , Eliseeva Alina A. ,   LLC “Life Force Group”, Moscow, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article examines the impact of artificial intelligence on the development of the modern Russian economy, industrial enterprises and companies, marketing centers and firms. The authors not only make a narrative review and analysis of the use of artificial intelligence, but also highlight its advantages and disadvantages when implemented in the domestic economy. Banks and scientific manufacturing enterprises and companies were the first to introduce artificial intelligence into their work. Users of mobile applications and systems are almost daily confronted with modern innovations in the banking sector. Today, artificial intelligence is firmly gaining its position and is widely implemented by many large enterprises and companies, as well as small firms. It’s no secret that the future of the economy, banking, insurance, medicine, education, space and other industries lies with artificial intelligence, but you need to use its benefits with great caution, taking into account all the risks.
THE INNOVATIVE PARADIGM OF DIGITAL BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION IN THE MODERN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STAGE
Authors:   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Rachkovsky Ilya B. , Burlov Dmitry I. ,   St. Petersburg University of Management Technologies and Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia; North-Western Institute of Management - branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia, Morozova Marina A. ,   North-Western Institute of Management - branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

Digital transformation of businesses is an inevitable trend in today’s economy, driven by rapid technological advancements. The article examines the evolution of this process, key principles such as adaptability, innovation, and the utilization of cutting-edge technologies including artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things. It highlights the challenges and opportunities of digital transformation. Organizational and cultural barriers, cybersecurity risks pose obstacles, while deep data analytics, cross-functional collaboration, and customer-centricity facilitate success. Overall, digital transformation is necessary for maintaining competitiveness but requires overcoming barriers and adopting a proactive, innovation-oriented approach.
FOREIGN TRADE MANAGEMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF SHIPPING DURING THE SANCTIONS PERIOD
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of the Sea and River Fleet named after Admiral S. O. Makarov”, Smirnova Larisa I. , Osmanov Muslim Kh. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of the Sea and River Fleet named after Admiral S. O. Makarov”, Vikhoreva Galina M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of the Sea and River Fleet named after Admiral S. O. Makarov”, Vasilyeva Yulia E. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of the Sea and River Fleet named after Admiral S. O. Makarov”
Published: May 2024

For the domestic market, which is engaged in foreign economic trade, at the moment there is a period of ambiguous challenges. The influence of not only the economic and political sanctions of Western countries appears, but also the global economic situation, as well as the internal situation of the Russian economy, has a serious impact. The sanctions have only intensified the existing problems. The heads of logistics companies engaged in foreign trade face many issues that require special attention and discussion. Nowadays, we often come across a large number of publications devoted to this problem, all of them deserve detailed analysis. There are also a number of other aspects that are important for the productive work of companies in foreign markets, including issues of foreign trade management.
PROMOTION OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES INTO THE CHILDREN’S PRODUCTS MARKET USING SOCIAL NETWORKS AND ANIMATION CONTENT
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Mineeva Irina S. , Khoreva Lubov V. ,   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: May 2024

The article describes the place of social networks in promoting products and services for children; provides characteristics of the main consumer segments of the children’s goods market; The work highlights the features of consumer interaction with children’s video products presented on federal television channels and on social networks. The article presents the result of a comprehensive analysis of messages left by users of the social network “VKontakte”, with reference to Russian-made children’s animation projects shown in 2022. The text presents the results of an empirical study of the features of consumer interaction with children’s video products and highlights triggers for creating advertising content taking into account stories of the most popular animated video products.
ASSESSMENT OF ENSURING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Financial University, Moscow, Russia, Shcherbin Kirill I.
Published: May 2024

The work is devoted to the issues of assessing the success of industrial enterprises from the standpoint of ensuring sustainable development. The analysis of approaches to the implementation of such assessments used in the scientific environment and in practice has been carried out, which made it possible to propose a classification of enterprises in terms of their ability to ensure sustainable development. Based on a systematic understanding of the concept of “sustainable development of an industrial enterprise”, the maturity matrix of the enterprise is formulated. The matrix includes indicators that determine the characteristics of the enterprise, such as resistance to external and internal negative impacts, development over a long period and readiness to switch to ESG principles. To form an approach to assessing sustainable development, such general scientific research methods as systematization and classification (including scientific ideas), analogy and generalization, induction and deduction, decomposition and aggregation, and methods of system modeling were used.
ТРУДОВІ ПРАВОВІДНОСИНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ:
ЗАКОНОДАВЧІ ЗМІНИ ТА НАПРЯМИ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ
Authors: Рассомахіна О.А.
Published: May 2024

У статті проаналізовано положення трудового законодавства щодо порядку реалізації соціально-трудових відносин в умовах воєнного стану. Розглянуто зміни у законодавстві відповідно до основних інститутів особливої частини трудового права. Досліджено основні нормативно-правові акти у даній сфері та узагальнено положення трудового законодавства стосовно
порядку реалізації права на працю у період війни. Визначено основні засади правового регулювання трудових відносин в умовах війни. Показано вплив розвитку трудового законодавства
воєнного періоду на порядок здійснення окремих трудових прав. Надано оцінку стану правового регулювання у сфері праці в умовах воєнного стану. Ідентифіковано основні проблеми
для сфери економіки й ринку праці, породжені воєнним вторгненням на територію України
держави-агресора.
Метою статті є висвітлення теоретичних і практичних засад реалізації права на працю та
порядку регулювання соціально-трудових відносин в умовах воєнного стану; дослідження змін
у трудовому законодавстві, які сталися у даний період.
У процесі дослідження застосовувалися філософські та загальнонаукові методи пізнання,
національне законодавство та правова доктрина у сфері трудового права, а також результати
окремих економіко-статистичних досліджень.
Обґрунтовано, що державою в особі уповноважених нею органів вжито належних заходів,
які створюють умови для продовження існування соціально-трудових відносин в умовах війни
та безперебійної роботи підприємств, установ, організацій усіх форм власності та фізичних
осіб, які використовують найману працю, і підтримку ними належного функціонування економічної системи держави.
З’ясовано, що основний масив правових норм, які регулюють трудові правовідносини в умовах війни, акумульовано у змінених нормах КЗпП України, Законі «Про організацію трудових
відносин в умовах воєнного стану» та Законі «Про правовий режим воєнного стану».
Зроблено висновок про важливість забезпечення дотримання принципів верховенства
права, людиноцентризму та основних засад концепції гідної парки у сфері правового регулювання соціально-трудових відносин в умовах воєнного стану.
НАУКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНИЙ ПОШУК ЕФЕКТИВНИХ РІШЕНЬ
ПРИ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ ІННОВАЦІЙ
Authors: Польова Н.М. , Польова А.В.
Published: May 2024

В даній статті розглянуто структуру, склад завдань пошуку, вимоги до інформації і сучасних
методів науково-технічного пошуку на етапі конструкторської підготовки інновацій, роль організаційно - технічних методів проєктування у підвищенні рівня ефективності і якості проєктних
робіт, функції управління інноваціями, рекомендовані на етапах проєктування інновацій, як
один з найважливіших факторів в підвищенні ефективності і якості інновацій.
Щодо етапів проєктування нововведень, в статті дана якісна характеристика етапів науковотехнічного пошуку, визначена їх специфіка, склад вирішуваних завдань, вимоги до інформації, а також виявлені найбільш прийнятні методи пошуку, використання яких дозволяє ефективно вирішувати завдання, що полягають в процесі виконання проєктних робіт. Визначено,
що сучасними методами науково-технічного пошуку на етапі конструкторської підготовки є
структурно-вартісний аналіз, який базується на структурно-схематичному аналізі системи та
функціонально-вартісний аналіз, в основі якого лежить функціональний опис нововведення і
пошук конструктивно-технологічних рішень, що забезпечують виконання функцій з найменшими витратами.
Детально розглянуто питання про доцільність проєктування інновацій за допомогою системного аналізу. В статті визначені функції, які можуть або повинні виконуватися об›єктами або
елементами, що аналізуються. Залежно від змісту необхідні загальносистемні функції підрозділяються на експлуатаційні, естетичні, ергометричні, екологічні та інші. При функціонально-вартісному аналізі визначаються як загальносистемні, так і внутрішньо системні функції. Залежно
від змісту потрібних внутрішньо системні функції можна підрозділити на робочі, забезпечуючі
та технологічні.
Study on the Alleviation of Muscle Fatigue After Wushu Sanda Exercise by a Nutritional Product Containing American Ginseng
Authors: Rui Bian
Published: May 2024

The study aimed to assess the impact of an American ginseng nutritional product on relieving muscle fatigue post-Wushu Sanda exercise. Twenty Sanda athletes were randomly assigned to groups A and B for a 30-day Wushu Sanda training. Each participant was administered three capsules twice daily, either American ginseng and Acanthopanax senticosus or a placebo. Body composition, ratings of perceived exertion, and blood biochemical values were compared. No significant disparities in body composition and ratings of perceived exertion were observed between group A and group B before or after the experiment. However, the increase in ratings of perceived exertion for group A was slightly less pronounced compared to that of group B. On the first day of the experiment, no significant differences were observed in glucose, blood lactic acid, blood urea nitrogen, and creatine kinase between the two groups (P > 0.05). On the 15th and 30th days of the experiment, blood glucose levels were significantly higher in group A, while levels of creatine kinase, blood lactic acid, and blood urea nitrogen were lower, with statistically significant variances observed (P < 0.05). The American ginseng nutritional product can effectively alleviate muscle fatigue post-Wushu Sanda exercise and can be considered a nutritional supplement in sports training.
Sensitivity of the Modified Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Sign-Rank Control Chart to Process Changes in Counted Data
Authors: Phantu Suganya , Areepong Yupaporn , Sukparungsee Saowanit
Published: May 2024

Control charts are generally used to detect mean process changes in continuous processes. However, counting procedures that characterize product quality are popular in production processes, such as the number of defects or the proportion of defective products. This research aims to investigate using the Modified Exponentially Weighted Moving Average combined with a nonparametric Sign Rank control chart, namely MEWMA-SR chart is a novel tool. Comparative analyses involving different run length measures are conducted to evaluate the proposed scheme against MEWMA, MEWMA-SR, and classical EWMA charts. The performance of the MEWMA-SR chart is assessed using Monte Carlo simulations based on its run-length profiles. It was found that the proposed combination control chart was effective in detecting changes better than other control charts along with presenting applications with real data. A study further validates the proposed chart’s practical utility through a case study analyzing COVID-19 mortality data.
Adequate, but Not Ideal: The U.S. Navy’s Need to Refine Its Administrative Separation Board Procedures
Authors: Ross Sierra
Published: May 2024

While the Navy is likely not mandated by the Constitution to edit its procedures for Administrative Separation Boards, it should do so. Service members can be subject to a variety of serious consequences through Administrative Separation Boards, so the processes should be as effective as possible to ensure that they are adequately protected.
To improve the Administrative Separation Board Procedures for the United States Navy, this Comment suggests two policy changes. First, this Comment suggests that the Navy provide more training to Senior Members to ensure they are implementing the existing evidence rule correctly. Second, this Comment suggests that the Navy should add a version of the personal knowledge rule and lay witness opinion rule to the Administrative Separation proceedings. This Comment argues that these suggestions would benefit the Navy even though the Navy is not likely constitutionally mandated to make the changes.
Pertanggungjawaban dan Penegakan Hukum Pidana Korporasi dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Faturachman Fauzan Azima , Hutasoit Tomi J.E , Hosnah Asmak Ul
Published: May 2024

The times and business complexity have encouraged the important role of corporations in various aspects of life. On the other hand, corporations also have the potential to violate the law, including corruption. Corruption is a complex issue that has a major impact on the environment, economy and community welfare. In some cases, corruption offenses are committed by corporations, so questions arise about corporate criminal liability and law enforcement. Corporate criminal liability is a relatively new concept in Indonesia. This concept allows corporations to be convicted for criminal offenses committed by the management, directors, or employees of the corporation. Based on this relatively new concept, the regulation of corporate criminal liability and law enforcement still raises questions and legal uncertainty.
Tindak Pidana Pengancaman dan Pemerasan dalam Penanganan Kasus Pinjaman Online
Authors: Ashifa Kinnayah , Anjani Maudy , Hosnah Asmak Ul
Published: May 2024

Advancements in technology have simplified various daily activities. However, this progress has also been exploited by illegal online loan services (pinjol) offering loans to people with low financial literacy, making it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal services. Technologically-based loan solutions, originally intended to meet the community's urgent and long-term needs, have now been misused. This development has led to many risks and has given rise to various criminal acts, including fraud, extortion, and threats related to information and technology. The purpose of this study is normative juridical, using secondary data with qualitative data analysis methods. In Criminal Decision Number 438/Pid.Sus/2020/PN Jkt Utr, there is an explanation regarding legal protection for online loan borrowers against extortion or threats by debt collectors through electronic media. The judge decided on the second alternative accusation in the name of the defendant, Dede Supardi Bin H.Supriadi, based on Article 45, paragraph (4) Jo. Article 27, paragraph (4) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 19 of 2016 is an amendment of Law No. 11 of 2008 on Information and Electronic Transactions and Law No. 8 of 1981 on Criminal Procedure Law. Criminal charges can be imposed on the debt collectors involved in this case.
The Role of AI In Enhancing Threat Detection and Response in Cybersecurity Infrastructures
Authors: Onih Valentine A. , Sevidzem Yufenyuy S. , Adeniji Sulaimon
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Considering growing cyber risks, this study aims to investigate how artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance threat detection and response rates, thereby enhancing cybersecurity systems. It specifically focuses on addressing the urgent requirement for enhanced defence strategies. Methodology: The research utilised a quantitative approach to analyse data gathered from cybersecurity professionals. Surveys are carried out to assess how well AI technologies work in ensuring safety, the challenges faced, and their practical use in various industries. Discussion: The findings show that artificial intelligence, specifically utilizing machine learning and deep learning, significantly improves the capability to detect and mitigate potential risks. Despite this, there are major challenges including high implementation costs, lack of skilled employees, and concerns about data security that act as significant barriers. The study also highlights the broad consensus on the transformative power of AI in revolutionizing cybersecurity, despite the existence of these challenges. Conclusion: It has become obvious that AI technologies have the capability to improve cybersecurity practices through improved identification and response to cyberattacks. However, to make this work, allocating strategic resources for AI infrastructure development, providing extensive training for professionals, and thoroughly assessing ethical implications are crucial.
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS BETWEEN SPECIALIST AND GENERALIST TEACHING OF SCIENCE / TECHNOLOGY IN THE ANGLOPHONE SUB-SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN CAMEROON
Authors:   Department Of Educational Foundations And Administration, Faculty Of Education Of The University Of Buea Cameroon, Ebako Joana Ndone , Lyonga (Ap) Dr Agnes ,   Department Of Educational Foundations And Administration, Faculty Of Education Of The University Of Buea Cameroon, Fedelis (Ap) Dr. Alemnge ,   Department Of Educational Foundations And Administration, Faculty Of Education Of The University Of Buea Cameroon
Published: May 2024

The study was designed to investigate the academic achievement of primary school pupils between specialist and generalist teaching of science / technology in the anglophone sub-system of education in Cameroon. The study employed a concurrent triangulation mixed – method combining both a quasi - experimental design and a survey design. Two generalist classrooms and two specialist classrooms with 60 students each were equally shared between the North West and South West Regions. The head teachers of the four schools were interviewed. The instruments for data collection was the Achievement Test for Level three Primary School pupils (ATLPS) and an interview guide for school heads. Quantitative Data was analysed with the support of SPSS 21.0 while qualitative data went through thematic analysis. Findings showed that the specialist class had a performance of 75.2 over 100, very significantly higher than the 47.1 over 100 recorded in the generalist class (P=0.000). The hypothesis here stated is then rejected, thus implying that specialist approach of teaching is much more appropriate in enhancing pupils’ academic performance than the currently and unfortunately sustained generalist approach. It was generally perceived that teaching method, assessment and pupils’ academic achievement were more effective in the specialist classrooms. Supervision was perceived more challenging in generalist classrooms. It was recommended that there should be a gradual integration of specialist teaching in the educational system, generalist teachers should be upgraded in subject where they are more comfortable in prospect of specialist teaching, and an improvement on administrative supervision and decision making, Training of specialist teachers to be included in the curriculum of Teacher Training Colleges.
CAN THE APPLICATION OF AGROFORESTRY AT MONOCULTURAL FOOD CROP AREAS SUPPORT MANUFACTURER CHEMICAL FERTILIZER REDUCTION PROGRAMS WITHOUT SACRIFICING FARMERS' INCOME?
Authors:   Department of Forestry, Agriculture Faculty, Lampung University, Environmental Study Program, Graduate School, Lampung University, Indonesia, Bakri Samsul
Published: May 2024

In an agroforestry system, nutrients from the subsoil can be made available to food plants through the absorption process by trees with deep roots. However, shade from canopy tree plants can suppress photosynthesis and reduce food crop production and farmer income [INCM]. This antagonism needs to be evaluated when introducing agroforestry programs into monoculture food crop areas to reduce manufactured chemical fertilizers application. This research was carried out from June to August 2023 at Natar District, South Lampung Regency to determine the effect of tree strata (teak, acacia, and albizia), multi-proposed tree species or MPTS (Parkia speciosa, avocado, and jack fruit), shrubs (coffee and cacao), and ground cover (vegetables, peanut, and soybean) to [INCM]. Interviewing forty respondents who were still retaining one or more of these tree strata among food crops including upland rice, corn, and cassava. The OLS (ordinary least square) model was employed at 90% confidence level. To eliminate the model error, the variables ownership of productive assets (upland, cattle, sheep, and cock), fertilizer application (urea, ponska, KCl and liquid fertilizer), compost, and pesticide use were also incorporated in the model. The results suggest the significant effects: (1) that positive ones are acacia, teak, vegetables, peanuts, and, soybeans, respectively USD 86.4 (P=0.000); 88.3 (P=0.000); 109,5 (P=0.000); 114.6 (P =0.000); 145.1 (P=0.000); and (2) which negative were Albizia falcataria, Parkia speciosa, avocado, coffee, and cacao respectively of around USD 31,7 (P=0.002); 57.1 (P=0.000); 43.2 (P=0.003); 62,0 (P=0.000) and 96.37 (P=0.000).
Influence of Anthropogenic Pollution on Soil and Plants of Gosa Dumpsite, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors:   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Ajama Aderonke Perpetua , ADEWOLE Moses B. ,   Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, OFOEZIE Ifeanyi E. ,   Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: May 2024

Despite increased awareness of the causes of environmental pollution, it continues to pose a serious threat to both developed and developing countries worldwide. The Gosa dumpsite in Abuja serves as a receptacle for various waste materials from both high and low-income areas of the metropolis. Surprisingly, peri-urban farmers residing in the vicinity still cultivate edible crops on this polluted land. This study aims to assess the impact of waste dumping at Gosa dumpsite on selected soil properties and the uptake of heavy metals by plants. In order to achieve this objective, soil and plant samples were collected from established 5 x 5 m2 quadrants during the early and late dry as well as rainy seasons of 2019 and 2020. The collected samples underwent analysis using standard methods to determine their physical and chemical properties. Additionally, the study identified the dominant plant species within the dumpsite through standard methods. The findings revealed that the dumpsite soil exhibited characteristics of loamy sand, with the highest pH value of 8.85 ± 0.90 recorded during the dry season of 2020. Other significant soil results included total nitrogen at 1.09 ± 0.64 g kg-1, organic carbon at 9.88 ± 0.10 g kg-1, Cd at 11.93 ± 2.25 mg kg-1, Hg at 2.18 ± 1.08 mg kg-1, and Pb at 54.68 ± 8.68 mg kg-1, all of which were observed during the early rainy season of 2020. During the remaining seasons considered, lower values were obtained. Notably, these values exceeded the permissible levels set by the FAO for soil intended for cultivating edible crops. Furthermore, the plant species Ageratum conyzoides demonstrated the highest uptake of heavy metals, with concentrations of 4.47 ± 1.15 mg kg-1 for Cd, 1.77 ± 1.08 mg kg-1 for Hg, and 19.56 ± 4.83 mg kg-1 for Pb, all recorded during the early dry season of 2020. In conclusion, although the Gosa dumpsite in Abuja may appear fertile enough for cultivation, the study's results highlight that it cannot be deemed suitable for the production of edible crops. The presence of heavy metals and other pollutants in the soil poses a significant risk to crop health and, consequently, to human consumption.
The syntax of Mandarin Num-Cl P Num-Cl constructions
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: May 2024

Num(eral) P Num(eral) constructions in Indo-European languages have attracted much attention in the generative literature: they are argued to semantically function as a distributive phrase that targets plural participants and syntactically involve a reduplicative head Q bearing a quantity feature. This paper examines their understudied Mandarin counterpart, the adverbial Num-Cl P Num-Cl structure. Having discovered a fine-grained four-way ambiguity of this Mandarin construction, I argue that it is base-generated in the V-complement position, where de behaves like a functional head (“concordializer”) and forces it to move to its surface pre-VP position to receive Case through Agreement (cf. Larson 2018).
Linguists and teachers collaborating in an ELA classroom: Teaching around the test
Authors: Devereaux Michelle , Palmer Christopher
Published: May 2024

In this paper, a scholar of English Education (Michelle) and a linguist (Chris) discuss their four-week research study in a ninth-grade classroom. Highlighting the collaborations with the classroom teachers, this paper discusses the importance of integrating linguistic concepts with current curricular demands. A focus on the final activity, in which students were asked to explore how linguistic concepts relate to areas of the everyday world like social media and the law, demonstrates that students were able to engage with the linguistic concepts in critical and important ways. The paper finishes with a discussion of how linguists can consider future collaborations with stakeholders in K12 spaces, and the importance of integrating these concepts into the existing curriculum.
Serial directional evaluation of rhythmic reversal in Axininca
Authors: Lin Kuo-Chiao , Wang Sheng-Fu
Published: May 2024

This paper updates the analysis of rhythmic reversal in Axininca with a more economical one using serial/directional evaluation that dispenses with alignment constraints. The serial/directional evaluation is more superior to a parallel/directional counterpart with respect to quantity-sensitivity, as adopting directionally evaluated constraints for parallelism cannot avoid overgeneration problems.
Graded complementarity in the resolution of pronouns and reflexives
Authors: Fagen Lucas , Xiang Ming
Published: May 2024

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of how pronoun and reflexive resolution preferences in English vary across different syntactic environments. Five structures were tested: coarguments, picture noun phrases, prepositional phrases, coordination, and comparatives. Results show that reflexives display a general preference for structurally local antecedents, but the strength of the preference varies significantly by environment; pronouns display a similarly variable, but stronger preference for nonlocal antecedents. Our findings suggest that complementarity between pronouns and reflexives may be a gradient phenomenon, with the robust complementarity observed in coargument anaphora occupying the endpoint of a graded continuum.
Exploring variation in English and Italian relative clause attachment: The role of coordination
Authors: Lee So Young , De Santo Aniello
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the effect of coordination on the resolution of relative clause attachment ambiguity in English and Italian. We also examined the interplay of RC length and DP positions on attachment preferences in coordinate structures, conducting a partial replication of previous results on English (Hemforth et al. 2015). In two offline force-choice tasks, English speakers favored local attachment, while Italian speakers showed a strong preference for non-local attachment across all conditions. This pattern aligns with established variation across the two languages, but interestingly deviates from earlier reports showing the effects of RC-Head type, RC length, and DP position on attachment decisions. Our findings thus suggest that further attention needs to be paid to the complex interaction of different, potentially understudied, structural factors when investigating disambiguation mechanisms across languages.
Analysis of the Eco Enzyme Project in Fostering Environmental Literacy in Early Childhood
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Nazihah Nazihah
Published: May 2024

The large amount of unprocessed waste in the school environment triggers an unpleasant odor in the school environment. This disrupts the learning process. Learning through real experience is more quickly understood by children. Early childhood students develop an understanding of environmental literacy by doing basic things such as sorting and disposing of waste and turning it into eco-enzymes which help reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment. The research aims to foster children's environmental literacy, apply the character of loving the environment, and children's understanding of the process of processing organic waste into eco enzymes. This research uses a qualitative approach, and data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Checking the validity of the data uses source triangulation. The data analysis technique comes from Miles and Huberman through a process of data reduction, data presentation, and validation. The research results show that the eco enzyme project can foster children's environmental literacy skills. It can be seen that children can dispose of waste according to the color of the trash can, children can classify types of waste that are easily decomposed and suitable to be made into eco enzymes and children can process waste into fertilizer and pesticides to help reduce waste in the environment.
My Reflexivity on Pedagogical Practices of Physics Teachers
Authors: Ghimire Pankaj Sharma
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to elaborate my reflection on the instructional practices of physics teachers in theory and experimental classes at technical institutions in the Kathmandu district. I employed an ethnographic research design to conduct the research. I selected two technical institutions in the Kathmandu district to conduct the research, two theory classrooms, and two physics laboratories of those institutions for the participant observation process, and conducted open-ended and unstructured interviews with nine students from those institutions. I observed multiple theory and experimental classes for the entire semester period as a complete observer. In addition, I employed social constructivist learning theory to guide the whole research process. The findings from this study indicated that traditional teacher-centric pedagogical practices were prevalent at those technical institutions.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK TERHADAP MUTU PELAYANAN DI RUANG HEMODIALISA RUMAH SAKIT INDRIATI SOLO BARU
Authors: Kurniasari Dian , Rumondang Patricia Rani , Sabatini Monika Steffi Novia
Published: May 2024

Communication is one factor that affects patient satisfaction. Therapeutic communication is one of the communication techniques that focuses on patient healing. Implementing good therapeutic communication can increase service satisfaction and have an impact on improving the hospital's image in the eyes of the public. The study aims to determine the impact of therapeutic communication on the quality of service in the hemodialysis room of Indriati Solo Hospital. The population in this study was 50 patients who were examined in the Hemodialisa Room in January. Based on the total sampling technique, a total sample of 50 nurses was obtained. Data collection techniques include questionnaires. The data was then analyzed using a chi-square test with a degree of significance of ρ < 0.05. The results of the study showed that 36 respondents (72.0%) assessed the therapeutic communication of nurses well, 8 respondents (16.0%) rated it sufficient, and 6 respondents (12.0%) considered it not good. There were 39 respondents (78,0%) who rated the quality of the service in the category of satisfaction, and 11 respondents (22,0%) felt dissatisfied. There is an influence of therapeutic communication on the quality of service in the hemodialysis room of Indriati Solo Hospital, with a p value of 0.000<0,05.
Exploring the Mpc Environment of the Quasar ULAS J1342+0928 at z = 7.54
Authors: Rojas-Ruiz Sofía , Mazzucchelli Chiara , Finkelstein Steven L. , Bañados Eduardo , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Venemans Bram P. , Decarli Roberto , Willott Chris J. , Wang Feige , Walter Fabian , Congiu Enrico , Brammer Gabriel , Zeidler Peter
Published: May 2024

Theoretical models predict that z ≳ 6 quasars are hosted in the most massive halos of the underlying dark matter distribution and thus would be immersed in protoclusters of galaxies. However, observations report inconclusive results. We investigate the 1.1 proper-Mpc2 environment of the z = 7.54 luminous quasar ULAS J1342+0928. We search for Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidates using deep imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS)/F814W, Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3)/F105W/F125W bands, and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera at 3.6 and 4.5 μm. We report a

z

phot

=

7.69

−
0.23

+
0.33

LBG with magF125W = 26.41 at 223 projected proper kpc (pkpc) from the quasar. We find no HST counterpart to one [C ii] emitter previously found with the Atacama Large millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 27 projected pkpc and z
[C II]=7.5341 ± 0.0009 (Venemans et al. 2020). We estimate the completeness of our LBG candidates using results from Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey/GOODS deep blank field searches sharing a similar filter setup. We find that >50% of the z ∼ 7.5 Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) with magF125W > 25.5 are missed due to the absence of a filter redward of the Lyman break in F105W, hindering the UV color accuracy of the candidates. We conduct a QSO-LBG clustering analysis revealing a low LBG excess of

0.46

−
0.08

+
1.52

in this quasar field, consistent with an average or low-density field. Consequently, this result does not present strong evidence of an LBG overdensity around ULAS J1342+0928. Furthermore, we identify two LBG candidates with a z
phot matching a confirmed z = 6.84 absorber along the line of sight to the quasar. All these galaxy candidates are excellent targets for follow-up observations with JWST and/or ALMA to confirm their redshift and physical properties.
Sizes of Active Galactic Nucleus Inhomogeneous Disks—Large in Microlensing, Small in Reverberation Mapping
Authors: Ren Guowei , Sun Mouyuan , Wang Jun-Xian , Cai Zhen-Yi
Published: May 2024

Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence can drive significant temperature fluctuations in the accretion disk of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). As a result, the disk can be highly inhomogeneous and has a half-light radius larger than the static Shakura and Sunyaev disk (SSD), in agreement with quasar microlensing observations. Meanwhile, the accretion-disk sizes can also be determined using continuum reverberation mappings that measure interband cross-correlations and time lags. The interband time lags are often understood in the X-ray reprocessing scenario. Here we show that the interband continuum time lags of the X-ray reprocessing of an inhomogeneous disk are similar to or even smaller than those of a static SSD. Consequently, the X-ray reprocessing of an inhomogeneous disk cannot account for the recent continuum reverberation mappings of some Seyfert 1 AGNs, whose measured time lags are larger than those of a static SSD. In contrast to the tight correlation between UV/optical variations, the cross-correlation between X-ray and disk emission is rather weak in this model; this behavior is consistent with recent continuum reverberation mappings. Moreover, the time lags in this model are anticorrelated with the amplitude of disk temperature fluctuations. Our results suggest that the temperature fluctuations should be properly considered when modeling interband continuum time lags.
The Cause of the Difference in the Propagation Distances between Compact and Transient Jets in Black Hole X-Ray Binaries
Authors: Zdziarski Andrzej A. , Heinz Sebastian
Published: May 2024

Accreting black hole binaries change their properties during evolution, passing through two main luminous states, dominated by either hard or soft X-rays. In the hard state, steady compact jets emitting multiwavelength radiation are present. Those jets are usually observed in radio, and when resolved, their extent is ≲1015 cm. Then, during hard-to-soft transitions, powerful ejecta in the form of blobs appear. They are observed up to distances of ∼1018 cm, which are ≳1000 times larger than the extent of hard-state jets. On the other hand, estimates of the accretion rates during most luminous hard states and the hard-to-soft transitions are very similar, implying that maximum achievable powers of both types of jets are similar and cannot cause a huge difference in their propagation. Instead, we explain the difference in the propagation length by postulating that the ejecta consist of electron-ion plasmas, whereas the hard-state jets consist mostly of electron–positron pairs. The inertia of the ejecta are then much higher than those of compact jets, and the former are not readily stopped by ambient media. A related result is that the accretion flow during the hard state is of standard and normal evolution, while it is a magnetically arrested disk during transient ejections. The pairs in hard-state jets can be produced by collisions of photons of the hard spectrum emitted by hot accretion flows within the jet base. On the other hand, the X-ray spectra during the state transitions are relatively soft, and the same process produces much fewer pairs.