bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analytical Solution of Stress and Displacement Fields of Frozen Wall in Deep Alluvium According for Time-Space Effect
Authors: Ma Mao Yan , Cheng Hua , Rong Chuan Xin
Published: June 2012

Based on the theory of viscoelasticity and the principle of interaction between surrounding rock and structure in unload state, analytical solution of the stress field and displacement field of the frozen wall is obtained. Calculation results of the stress and displacement fields suggest that radial stress and displacement in the sidewall are very large within 15 days after pouring concrete of the outer shaft wall, which is proved by the fact that engineering incidents such as shaft wall rupture happen exactly at this time. The results also indicate that radial stress at different points in frozen wall all tend to the imposed loads on outer frozen wall finally, and that means the frozen wall is fluidized. This calculation theory can be used in the design of frozen wall in deep alluvium.
Infiltration Rates Variation and its Factors Analysis in Groundwater Reservoir Infiltration Field
Authors: Du Shang Hai
Published: June 2012

The infiltration capacity is a decisive factor to ensure the effective operation of groundwater reservoir. This study analysis the infiltration capacity variation and its factors based on the data of infiltration test in Hutuo River Groundwater Reservoir. The results show that, there is a high infiltration rate in the alternative field, the infiltration rate is 3m/d, and decreased by 50% as 1.4m/d 6 days later; the contrast of soil permeability, vertical permeable rate of aerial zone, permeability of saturation zone between pre-test and post-test show that, the vertical permeable rate of aerial zone and permeability of saturation zone vary little, the descend of soil permeability is the main factor of the infiltration capacity decay.
Design and Research on Water Regulation System for Mid-Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project
Authors: Yang Yun Song
Published: June 2012

The water regulation system for the Mid-route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is a systematic project with a complicated structure, higher technical difficulty, more functions and wide scope involved. This paper describes the overall framework of system design and system logic, analysis of the system applications, application components and technical support platform architecture, data acquisition, storage and management system. This article describes the communication system, computer network construction and operation of the physical environment in order to provide reference for water regulation system building automation
Numerical analysis of the anti-seepage measures for high earth rockfill dam on deep overburden
Authors: Yan Jun , Liu Si Hong , Zhou Bin
Published: June 2012

The anti-seepage measures of a high earth rockfill dam built on the foundation with a deep overburden affects the stability and safety of the dam greatly. Nowadays there are few researches on this area both at home and abroad. On the basis of the finite element seepage analysis of the Pubugou high rockfill dam in which core walls and two cut-off walls are designed as the anti-seepage measures, the real seepage behavior of the seepage field is obtained in this paper, as well as the seepage characters of the seepage field under different arrangements of the cut-off walls. The conclusions have a certain referential value for the design of the anti-seepage measures for the similar projects with the foundation of a deep overburden.
Research on the Impacts of General Planning Implementation on Groundwater Resources in Chengting New District, China
Authors: Gan Xiao Li , Bai Li Ping , Gong Bin
Published: June 2012

Continual overdraft of groundwater resources for many years has led to continual declining of groundwater level in large scale areas in Shijiazhuang. Groundwater in Shijiazhuang City has been contaminated in varying degrees during its development and utilization due to no appropriate protective measures taken for groundwater resources. Groundwater pollution is severe in some areas, which poses a threat to sustainable utilization of groundwater resources and economic and social development. To protect groundwater resources effectively, a study on the impacts of general planning implementation on groundwater resources was carried out, including groundwater pollution sources, groundwater quantity and groundwater quality evaluation. The research results could provide scientific reference for development planning and sustainable utilization of groundwater resources of Chengting new district.
Study on Dam Construction Technology without Foundation
Authors: Wang Hong Xia , Gao Ya Hui
Published: June 2012

In the impervious system of dam construction technology without foundation and the cofferdam, the cut-off wall, seepage curtain or high-pressure jet, oblique wall, etc. do not exist. It does not require pumping pit and need a lot of pit excavation. the technology can save a lot of investment and greatly speed up the construction speed, shorten the construction period. To study dam construction technology without foundation, the method is technically feasible, and no adverse consequences, completely meet the project needs.
The Comprehensive Application of High-Low Strain Test in Detecting Pile Foundations
Authors: Li Zuo Long , Gao Hai Yan
Published: June 2012

The method of high-low strain test is characteristic of quickness, economy and convenience so that it is widely applied in detecting pile foundations. The text introduces high-low strain tests on many piles of the commercial residential Lingxiutiancheng Building in Dongying, Shandong province. The high strain process is adopted to detect the vertical compressive characteristic resistance and the low strain process is adopted to test the integrity of the pile body. The accuracy of detecting pile foundations has been improved through the comprehensive analyses of the detecting results.
Computation for Water Infiltration of Unsaturated Loess
Authors: Wang Xiao Qiang , Guo Li
Published: June 2012

Rainfall and the water leak frequently causes the unsaturated loess slope landslide and the foundation destruction. The theoretical analysis was accomplished, then a two dimensional water seepage calculation model for loess foundation was established. It realized the forecast for the water content change of loess soil. Combined with an example, the calculating program was compiled by Matlab. The result confirmed the effectiveness and rationality of the method and model.
Research on the Dynamic Response of Zhuziqing Tailings Dam
Authors: Liu Wen Lian , Xie Jian Bin , Cheng He Ming , He Tian Chun
Published: June 2012

The finite element analysis model of Zhuziqing tailings pond is established by using the finite element method (FEM) analysis software ANSYS based on hydrological conditions, engineering geological conditions, tailings silt dynamic triaxial test results and the foundation rock-soil wave velocity tests results. Then it was studied that the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response of Zhuziqing tailings dam under seismic loads. Results show that dynamic shear modulus of tailings silt increase as dynamic shear strain decreasing and increase as the increasing of confining pressure or consolidation ratio under the condition of isotropic or anisotropic consolidation. But the variation law on damping ratio of tailings silt is just opposite to that of dynamic shear modulus. Results also show that under the dynamic peak acceleration 0.2g of seismic wave, response acceleration of Zhuziqing tailings embankment reached the peak at the time of 2.58s, and the response peak acceleration is 5.24m/s2 at the top of this tailings embankment.
Analysis of Human Factors in Dam-Break Accidents
Authors: Li Dan Dan , Li Lei
Published: June 2012

Now human error has caused lots of dam-break accidents home and abroad, but there is few studies about the human error in dam-break accidents. So more than 3500 dam-break accidents from 1954 to 2010 were researched and three of them were exactly analyzed in the paper to find out the real pattern and connection, in order to reduce and prevent similar mistakes happening again and meanwhile provide some positive reference.
Difference Algorithm of the Posture of Airliner Forced Landing onto Water in Bowing Stage
Authors: Tao Ze Feng , Huang Yan , Zhan Dong Wen , Zhang She Sheng
Published: June 2012

By using solid-fluid coupling, momentum conservation, motion equation and pressure drag, a difference algorithm is employed to find the posture of airliner landing onto water in bowing stage for the different angle. The results show that the final velocity is positive correlated with impact angle when the angle is less than 80; the final velocity is negative correlated with impact angle when the angle is more than 80, waves make the immersed part decrease, which leads to a buoyancy reduction and acceleration increment.
Ecological Fishway Installed with Arc-Type Baffles
Authors: Wang Jia Yuan , Cong Jing , Cui Di , Yu Fei , Xie Li Quan
Published: June 2012

A new type of ecological fishway was developed in this paper, including a new protection technique of the natural fishery resources, biodiversity and sustainable development. The ecological fishway belongs to the Denil type, installed with arc-type baffles. Arc-type baffles separate the fishway channels into several cascades partly like ship locks. Orifices around the V-shape notch provides additional passageways of water flow. Respectively outflowing from orifices and the notch, the interaction of water currents can help to dissipate energy, decrease water velocity and weaken the turbulence. Hence fish need less energy to overcome water resistance and improve passing efficiency. Water flow can automatically take away the sediments accumulated in the fishway through both bottom corners of the baffle, keeping a clear environment for fish. The flow conditions of the proposed type were investigated and the results have preliminarily verified the improved hydraulic characteristics.
Study of Flow-Induced Vibration for the High-Head and Large Dimension Gate
Authors: Yan Gen Hua , Chen Fa Zhan , Dong Jia
Published: June 2012

In this paper study findings of flow-induced vibration of gate in the emptying culvert of Tishengqiao power station are presented. At first stage structure’s dynamic characteristics are investigated carefully using the experimental modal analysis technique, and entire structure modal information is obtained. In addition, flow pulsating pressure properties acting on the gate are investigated. Various physical values including vibration acceleration, dynamic displacement and dynamic stress caused by high velocity flow are studied. Finally gate structure’s dynamic reliability is analyzed and safety operation principle are presented.
Test Study of Model Disk Piles about Bearing Properties in Different Soil Layers
Authors: Wang Yi Li , Duan Zheng Li , Lu Cheng Yuan
Published: June 2012

According to the actual work effect of the disk piles，a model test equipment is designed to research load transfer mechanism of the disk piles in different soil layers. No matter in the same or different soil layers，it is proved by test that the increase of the pressure under the disks of the double-disk pile is nonlinear with that of load，and the development of bearing capacity in each disk is not synchro. When in different soil layers，the laws of load transfer of two disks are completely different, the bearing capacities and deformations of the piles with double disks are obviously different.
Study on Technique of Automatic and Continuous Monitoring Groundwater Level and its Application to Engineering
Authors: Xiong Chun Bao , Wang Hai Tao
Published: June 2012

Pumping test is a common method to obtain the hydrogeology information for underground engineering construction, of which monitoring groundwater level is an important part. A system of automatic and continuous monitoring groundwater level was developed to meet the special requirements of pumping test. Considering the characteristics of groundwater level change in pumping test, the sensor of water pressure based on vibration string was used. For connecting the sensor and computer, serial communication protocols were programmed in JAVA language. The system was applied to an engineering project, and it achieved the satisfactory effects.
A Study on Joint Dispatching of Water Resource of the Dam System in Haoshuichuan Watershed
Authors: Ma Yi , Zhang Wei Jiang
Published: June 2012

On account of increasing contradiction between water for life, environment, agriculture and water supply in Haoshuichuan watershed, it constructs new projects for water diversion, pumping, transpiration and distribution on the base of current project layout. A unified deployment of water supply source is formed through 1 reservoir, 11 key dams and 15 medium-sized check dams which have been built in river basins. It establishes watershed water resources joint scheduling mode through application of optimization theory, and adopts MATLAB optimization toolbox for the solution of the model. The research result may provide decision-making basis for river basin agricultural layout, ecological restoration and sustainable economic development, also provide reference for joint scheduling of water sources in similar regions.
Study on Optimum Methods for Large Canal Slope
Authors: Li Wang Lin , Wang Xi , Wei Xiao Yan , Li Ying Te
Published: June 2012

Aiming to characteristics of large canal slope, the key problem of slope optimization for large canal was studied, and synthetic optimization methods of canal slope were put forward: 1. Enough geological exploration and geotechnical test are beneficial to determine shear strength parameters accurately and to prevent conservative design. 2. Appropriate slope stability analysis method of large canal was chosen, and anti-sliding stability of canal slope accurately was evaluated considering the effect of canal stage excavation and large board concrete liner on canal slope stability. 3. The whole canal slope optimization was embodied through controlling the anti-sliding stability safety factor affluence of canal slope. 4. Based on permissible minimum slope gradient and practically economic cross-section of canal, an optimization method of canal slope was put forward considering slope stability and minimum cost. In addition, concept of permissible limited state and permissible limited gradient for canal slope were proposed.
Experimental Research on Shear Performance of Coal Containing Gas under Different Gas Pressure
Authors: Ding Yong Ming , Peng Shou Jian , Guo Hui
Published: June 2012

Coal containing gas is porous material. In this paper, by using the self-developed meso shear test equipment for coal or rock containing gas, shear crack propagation process of coal under different gas pressure conditions was studied, and shear performance of coal containing gas under different gas pressure was also researched. The results show that the gas pressure can hasten the crack growth rate of shear fracture surface, reduce the shear strength of coal containing gas, and accelerate its shear failure fracture process. The shear breaking process of coal results in two cracks: shear crack and tensile crack, and the cracks first appeared in the shear plane at both ends, then extension to the central until shear fracture surface formed.
Impact of Climatic Change on the Runoff of Hebei Province of China in Recent 50 Years
Authors: Shao Ai Jun , Li Zhi Guang
Published: June 2012

According to the data of climate and runoff from 68 weather stations and 105 hydrologic stations in Hebei province between 1956 and 2000, the change of climatic essential factors and runoff are analyzed. Since the 1960s, the average annual temperature in Hebei province has been increasing gradually. Compared with the 1960s, the temperature in the 1990s has risen 0.9°C. From the age, the average annual evaporation as a whole in Hebei province has appeared a tendency to decline. And it descends 62mm every ten years on average. The average year’s precipitation has gradually diminished by the years. Compared with the 1950s, the precipitation in the 1990s has decreased 60mm. The average years runoff of the whole province, which declines 19.4×108m3 every ten years on average, emerging a gradually decreasing trend from the 1950s to the 1990s, is120.2×108m3. With the decrease of the precipitation and the rise of the temperature, the runoff declines. The models of climatic essential factors and the runoff established by utilizing the multiple regression analysis are logarithmic non-linear functions. Obviously, the impact of precipitation variety on the runoff is more than the effect of the temperature or the evaporation change on the runoff by the sensitivity analysis. According to the prediction of the future climatic change with regard to the runoff, the whole province runoff will alter from 114.36 to 138.24×108m3 in 2030. Similarly, the runoff will vary from 106.8 to 137.8×108m3 in 2050.
Review on Detection and Localization of Underwater Target
Authors: Guang Yang , Zheng Yi , Wang Shi Tao , Xiang Xu , Yu Yan Ting
Published: June 2012

Europe, the United States and China have conducted a lot of research on the detection and localization of underwater target. The United States, the typical representative among Europe and America, pays much attention to marine research and has a profound foundation. In China, Harbin Engineering University, Institute of Acoustics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Northwestern Polytechnical University also have done a lot of research on target detection and localization. Overall, the United States of America and other developed countries temporarily precede China in underwater target detection and localization.
The Application of Drainage Filter in Earth Dam Reinforcement
Authors: Tang Ke Dong , Wang Guo Jun , Xu Zi Shuai
Published: June 2012

We know that the dam materials have been determined in the process of the dam reinforcement, in this case can only through the upper wall on ways to reduce the infiltration line. This paper was based on this combined with the reinforcement process of a main reservoir explaining that the scheme selection about using drainage edges to lower infiltrating line of the body, and through the application of this technology, showed it is a good way to lower the infiltrating line of the dam, and eventually an effective and simple measure to reinforce dams.
Study on Nonlinear Motion Behavior of Coupled Heave-Pitch for the Classic Spar Platform Based on AQWA
Authors: Sang Song , Zhou Yuan , Jiang Xue Liang
Published: June 2012

This paper used AQWA software to research the nonlinear motion characteristic of heave-pitch coupling of classical Spar platform in regular waves. With classic Spar platform as an example, the wave amplitude and periodic changes’ effect to the nonlinear motion behavior of coupled heave-pitch is researched. After calculation, the critical periods corresponding to the different incident wave amplitude are obtained, based which, gets the instability parameter domain of coupling resonance of platform in the wave period-amplitude plane. The results in this paper show that the heave-pitch coupled resonance of platform depends on the wave amplitude and the ratio of the natural period of heave and pitch, and the incident wave period.
Suspended Sediment Transport in Lianyungang Nearshore Area
Authors: Zhang Cun Yong
Published: June 2012

Hydrological observations at 13-19 stations were conducted synchronically in Lianyungang nearshore area during the spring and half tide in winter and summer respectively. Data of suspended sediment concentrations (SSC), currents and water levels at observation stations were used to study the suspended sediment transport by the method of mechanism decomposition. The advection transport plays an important role during the whole observations, with the direction generally same to the flood current. The tidal pumping transport plays a significant role in the nearshore area, which is the main factor for the periodical variation of SSC. The direction of the tidal pumping transport is mainly toward the land, which indicates that the periodic component of SSC is transport to the land with the form of peaks in the bottom layer. The results may help to improve understanding of the coastal engineering and environmental applications related to sediment transport.
Study on Communication and Solidification of Chloride Ion in Fly-Ash-Flushed-by-Seawater as Base-Materials
Authors: Bao Long Sheng , Zhang Xiao Fang , Yu Ling , Zhu Guang Shan
Published: June 2012

The influence of performance is difference along with the change content of chloride ion through the experimental study, so it is necessary to carry on the analysis of the reaction mechanism in blend. At the base of dissemination mechanism and solidification mechanism, the thorough research can be conducted about chloride ion is cured by cement-fly-ash-flushed-by-seawater. The contrast analysis about the dissemination and solidification of chloride ion in base-materials will be researched through microscopic experimental and the analysis of solidification rate. The best chloride ion content can be discovered from the research that it can obtain the best dissemination-solidification and make the influence of performance to be smallest. The dissemination-process of chloride ion in fly-ash-flushed-by-seawater is from the surface of fly-ash-flushed-by-seawater to the interior of cement-gelatin, it is different from internal addition method, and it is proposed for the first time in this what simulate the fly-ash-flushed-by-seawater by soaking fly-ash by the solution of NaCl.
Concept Design of a New Non-Ship-Shaped FPSO
Authors: Wang Tian Ying , Zhang Jian , Liu Jin Kun
Published: June 2012

In order to give full play to the advantages of FPSOs in the development of offshore oilfields, a new non-ship-shaped FPSO concept named IQFP is put forward through intensive study on various factors affecting the performance of FPSOs. Then, the optimized IQFP general design of a project case is presented based on the IQFP concept. The intact stability and damage stability of the IQFP are calculated and checked according to IMO rules. The hydrodynamic performance in frequency domain is simulated using the three-dimensional potential flow theory and compared with that of a ship-shaped FPSO with similar tonnage. The results indicate that the IQFP has a large stability margin and more excellent hydrodynamic performance than the ship-shaped FPSO. Through the research of this paper, the excellent characteristic of the new FPSO concept IQFP is verified and the basis and foundation are provided for the further studies.
Modal Parameter Identification of Jacket-Type Platforms Using Vibration Testing Data
Authors: Chen Yu Jing , Zhang Min , Meng Yuan Dong , Zhao Qiang , Nie Jie Wen
Published: June 2012

How to estimate the modal parameters (including natural frequencies and mode shapes) of an offshore platform accurately is crucial for the health monitoring problems. The purpose of this paper is to identify the modal parameters of a physical jacket-type platform model from measured modal testing data using Prony’s method. In the modal testing, the identified false modes are unavoidable and bring much difficulty to determine the accurate modal parameters. To solve these problems, in this paper, the Modal Phase Collinearity (MPC) and Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) are applied to distinguish the true and false modal. The measured data are extracted from a physical model of a realistic offshore platform. And the results demonstrate that the modal parameters of the first two modes of each direction can be accurately estimated by using the proposed method.
FVCOM2D: A Two Dimensional Semi-Implicit Finite Volume Free-Surface Ocean Model
Authors: Wang Zhi Li , Geng Yan Fen
Published: June 2012

A two dimensional semi-implicit finite volume free-surface ocean model(FVFOM2D) based on unstructured C-grid is built, in which the momentum equation is discretized on the faces of each cell, the continuity equation is discretized on the cell. The model is discretized by semi-implicit finite volume method, in that the free-surface is semi-implicit and the bottom friction is implicit, thereby removing stability limitations associated with the surface gravity wave and friction. The remaining terms in the momentum equations are discretized explicitly by integral finite volume method and second order Adams-Bashforth method. The performance of the present model to simulate tidal flow in a geometrically complex domain is examined by simulation of tidal currents in Pear River Estuary.
Numerical Simulation Study on the Air Amount Scale of Air Bubbles Breakwater
Authors: Zhang Cheng Xing , Bai Lu
Published: June 2012

The numerical simulation of air bubbles breakwater was presented in this paper. The two-phase fluid of water and air was assumed as a variable density fluid. The numerical models were developed by FLUENT in order to explore the air amount scale in the system of air bubbles breakwater . The continuity equation, the Reynolds average equations and the standard k-e equations were selected as the governing equations and the interface of water and air was traced by the VOF method, the additional mass source was added to the continuity equation by The Macro of UDF. The relationship between the air amount scale and the length scale was obtained, which illuminated that the air amount scale of air bubbles breakwater agrees to the gravity similarity law. Furthermore, the effect of air amount and the incident wave periods on the performance of the air bubbles breakwater was analyzed.
Numerical Simulation of Consolidation Test Considering Different Drainage Height
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Zhe
Published: June 2012

Numerical simulation of the consolidation test was developed in different drainage conditions using the finite difference method. Soil sample was divided into layers to determine the time-steps of the test. A series of simulation tests were carried out to study the influence of drainage height on the coefficient ratio. Finally, some experiments data were compared with the numerical simulation results. Numerical results indicate that the simulation method broke through the limitation of test apparatus, and made it possible to conduct big size specimen consolidation test under certain conditions.
Research on BP Neural Network Model for Water Demand Forecasting and its Application
Authors: Sun Yue Feng , Chang Hao Tian , Miao Zheng Jian
Published: June 2012

It is difficult to determine a proper neurons number of the mid-layer when using the BP neural network for water demand forecasting. Aiming at the problem, the BP neural network is presented in this paper for water demand forecasting. A suitable neurons number in the mid-layer is calculated based on the empirical formula method and trial and error method. A certain basin in China is taken as a case study. The results indicate that the mean relative error is 2.42%. The water consumption is 42.8 billion m3 in 2015 and 43.6 billion m3 in 2030 in the study area. The results are useful for water resources planning and management.
Research on the Rock Acoustic Emission Rules under Different Experimental Conditions
Authors: Tang Xiao Jun , Xu Jiang , Deng Tao
Published: June 2012

The damage process is accompanied by the acoustic emission (AE) for brittle materials such as rocks. An AE experimental research was investigated based on different loading velocity, moisture content and rock structure. The research shows that Increasing loading velocity makes the duration of obvious AE longer, average AE rate improved, the strain values of obvious AE decreased; More moisture content delays the time of obvious AE, reduces the values of AE, increases the strain values of obvious AE; inferior structure rock has little AE, and appears discretely; The main reason of AE difference is the different rock structure.
Effect of Influent Concentration on Perchlorate Removal from Drinking Water in an Ion Exchange Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Gao Meng Chun , Zhao Cong Cong , She Zong Lian , Liang Fang Yuan , Wang Zi Chao
Published: June 2012

Removal of perchlorate from drinking water in an ion exchange membrane bioreactor (IEMB) was investigated at different influent ClO4- concentrations when the hydraulic retention time was 5h. Except the 49th day and the 51st day, the effluent ClO4- concentrations met standard of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) required 18µg/L. In the initial stages of the influent ClO4- concentration increase, the ClO4- concentration in the anaerobic bioreactor, the effluent Cl- concentration and the effluent electrical conductivity increased suddenly. As the operating time increased, the ClO4- concentration in the sludge supernatant kept below 10µg/L after steady operation; the effluent Cl- concentration declined slowly and finally stabilized at about 90 mg/L; the effluent electrical conductivity decreased gradually and finally stabilized at about 279µs/cm.
Influence of Ammonia Nitrogen on Treatment of Groundwater Containing iron and Manganese in Aeration-Contact Oxidation Filtration Process
Authors: Zhao Yu Hua , Li Yan Feng , Zhang Wen Bo , Zhang Chun Na , Fu Jin Xiang , Gao Yu Nan
Published: June 2012

Two different kinds of water were treated with aeration-contact oxidation filtration process. One was groundwater containing iron and manganese (GIM), the other was GIM polluted by ammonia (GAIM). The results showed that ammonia has almost no influence on iron removal, but has great influence on manganese. Under the condition of 1m/h filter velocity and 10 mg/L average ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet，the outlet manganese concentration for GAIM was less than 0.1 mg/L after 315 days. When temperature dropped to 18°C below, the manganese concentration of effluent exceeded 0.1 mg/L. When average ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet for GAIM dropped to 3.27 mg/L, the manganese concentration of outlet for GAIM was less than 0.1 mg/L in winter. And for GIM, the manganese concentration of outlet was less than 0.1 mg/L only after 52 days. Although the filter velocity increased gradually from 1 to 7 m/h, the manganese concentration of effluent was always less than 0.1 mg/L. Therefore, ammonia pollution in the groundwater greatly increases the difficulty of water treatment.
Troubleshooting for Refrigerating Plant of Marine Conditioner and Suggestions
Authors: Zhang Guo Yong , Sun Shu Ye
Published: June 2012

The refrigerating system is a very important part of marine conditioner. Through introducing the basic structure of refrigerating system and the process of failure, the root cause is found, the problem is solved, and some suggestions are put forward.
Settlement and Stress Monitoring System of Urban Buried Gas Pipeline
Authors: Chen Zhi Guang , Qin Chao Kui , Qiao Ye Teng , Xia Qin
Published: June 2012

The ground settlement caused by high-rise buildings is prominent increasingly with the rapid development of city construction, and will have negative influence on the surrounding gas pipelines. In this paper, an on-site monitoring system for settlement and stress-strain of buried gas pipeline is established, located in the neighboring area of Shanghai Center Tower, which is being built and will be the tallest building in china. The continuous online, real-time monitoring of stress changes and pipeline settlement can be realized. With the system of GPRS automatically data acquisition and wireless remote transmissions are achieved. Field test testify the effectiveness of the system, also shows that significant settlement and strain exist in the test pipe, and long-time monitoring and analysis is needed
Application Research of Solar Water Heating System in Severe Cold Region
Authors: Chang Xin , Xiao Jia Fu , Ran Chun Yu , Yan Bo Jiao
Published: June 2012

It introduces solar water heating system briefly, states the feasibility and necessity of the application of this system in severe cold region, analyzes the advantages of flat plate solar water heating system and people’s misunderstandings and finally indicates the applicability and prospects of this system in severe cold region.
Determination of the Shear Strength of Unsaturated Loess Based on the Fractal Model Theory of Unsaturated Soils
Authors: Chen Jing Yu , Hai Ying
Published: June 2012

The shear strength value of unsaturated loess is required in the design in geotechnical engineering in the North and the North West of China. In 2004, a new method, that is the fractal model theory, was proposed for determining the shear strength of unsaturated soil. Based upon the fractal model theory, the surface fractal dimension DS and the air entry value of two unsaturated loess samples are obtained from their soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), the shear strength contribution due to matric suction of the two loess samples is determined, a new approach for determination of the shear strength of unsaturated loess with its SWCC is presented. By comparing results of this paper with those of the laboratory tests, the relationship between the SWCC and the shear strength of unsaturated loess is discussed and the validity of the fractal model theory for unsaturated loess is explained.
Theoretical Analysis of Effects of Solution Heat Exchanger on the Performance of Mixed Absorption Refrigeration Cycle
Authors: Li Wen , Wan Jun Hua , Liu Jing , Zheng Zu Yi , Xu Wen Ming
Published: June 2012

The model of solution heat exchangers of mixed absorption refrigeration cycle was developed. The effects of strong solution temperature difference between inlet and outlet of solution heat exchanger on the coefficient of performance (COP) and cooling water flow rate of mixed absorption refrigeration cycle were analyzed, at the same time, the effects of temperature difference on the unit heat exchange area of counter-flow and cross-flow solution heat exchangers were analyzed. The theoretical analysis results showed that there was an optimal value for the strong solution temperature difference, for the mixed absorption system, the optimal temperature difference was about 12°C, the corresponding COP was 11.2% higher and the cooling water flow rate was 7.8% less than that of system without heat exchanger.
Scheme Optimization of Hot Water Heating Sources Based on Multi-Objective Fuzzy Decision
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zheng Kun , Wang Ying
Published: June 2012

On account of regional energy structure optimization, scheme of hot water heating source is deeply studied. A comprehensive evaluation index system of heating source is established in terms of economic, energy efficiency, environmental protection, technology and policy. Combining the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and AHP, the optimal scheme is determined. The air-source water heater is the relatively satisfactory scheme. The research will have an important effect on a wide range of residential buildings in china, which is also in favor of optimizing regional energy supply structure. The conclusion will push related industry to be energy-saving, secure and sustainable, provide important theoretical basis for energy planning on decision-making of city development, and provides an important reference for engineering design.
Experimental Research on Air-Conditioning with Supplying Hot-Water
Authors: Zhu Jun Po , Jin Ting Xiang
Published: June 2012

This paper developed the air-conditioning system with supplying hot water. The system can work in three modes: only refrigeration, only supplying hot water and refrigeration with supplying hot water. The experimental results showed that the system is more effective than traditional systems, the maximum coefficient of performance (COP) is about 5.34 at refrigeration mode, the COP is 5.78 at static heating mode of heating, and the COP is 4.5 at refrigeration and water heater mode.
Study on the Effect of TPR Simulated Skin on Water Cooling Garment
Authors: Yang Kai , Jiao Ming Li , Zhang Wei Yuan
Published: June 2012

A novel TPR simulated skin was applied in the system of thermal manikin and water cooling garment, and the satisfying result in improving the heat dissipating efficiency of water cooling garment was achieved. Firstly, five kinds of elastomer were selected as candidate simulated skin. To evaluate the synthetic performance of these materials, a series of experiments characterizing material's mechanical and thermodynamic properties was performed, including stiffness test, heat property test, TGA test and so on. Then, fuzzy mathematic method was employed to perform synthetic evaluation, which showed that TPR had satisfying optimization performance and can be used as simulated skin. Finally, to verify the function of TPR simulated skin to increase water cooling garment's heat dissipating efficiency, comparative experiments were performed in climate chamber. Results show that TPR simulated skin can effectively improve water cooling garment's heat dissipating efficiency measured by thermal manikin.
Research on Characteristics of the Soil Temperature Field around Vertical Double U-Tube Group of the Heat Exchangers
Authors: Yang Jun , Miao Xiao Ping , Zhou Xiao Feng , Wu Xin Ping
Published: June 2012

Based on the temperature monitoring for the double U-tube wells with thermal resistance , numerical simulation researching on two-dimensional temperature field and three-dimensional temperature field was carried out for vertical double U-tube group. Under the condition of 6.5m for horizontal spacing of tube well, the Soil temperature around inner tube wells increases 0.4°C in one year, and 0.24°C for the surrounding tube wells. The paper calculates the increasing temperature of the tube wells, 7.95°C for inner tube wells and 4.70°Cfor surrounding tube wells. The soil temperature of tube wells is rising with the running time increasing, however,the temperature rate of the soil around inner tube wells is larger than the surrounding tube wells’.
Mixed Programming Using VB and FORTRAN of Pipe Network for Heating and Air Condition Water System
Authors: Ning Huai Ming , Feng Guo
Published: June 2012

Heating and Air Condition, Pipe Network, VB,FORTRAN,Mixed Programming Abstract:As the scale of the air conditioning system is constantly increasing, some problems still exist and remain to be solved in the chilled water system. Among them, the leading problems lie in the insufficient research of the overall character on the user side and lack of simualtion analysis. Corresponding calculating procedures are Mixed programmed using VB and FORTRAN language to conduct to simulating analysis, to testify reliability and feasibility of the method.
Modeling of Buoyancy-Driven Natural Ventilation in Workshop: Optimization of Distance between Heat Source and Ground
Authors: Su Ya Xin , Su A Long , Wan Xin
Published: June 2012

Natural ventilation is suitable for application to workshops with heat sources to keep good indoor air quality at lower energy cost. In this paper, the authors numerically investigated the buoyancy-driven natural ventilation in a workshop with heat source based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The effect of the distance between heat source and ground on the air flow and temperature distribution was examined. Results showed that the average air temperature at operation zone could be effectively reduced when the distance between heat source and ground increased. The temperature field in the upper zone of the workshop was improved by diminishing the hot air zone near the ceiling and the waste heat directly going into the operation zone decreased when the distance between heat source and ground increased.
Heat Lost of Smoke Layer at Quasi-Steady State of Mechanical Exhaust
Authors: Yi Liang , Yi Li Zhen
Published: June 2012

Under mechanical extraction in a fire room, a quasi-steady state will be eventually formed based on a two-layer zone concept. Heat loss through solid boundaries is a key factor which determines the temperature of smoke layer at quasi-steady state and will be discussed in this paper. A simplified model on heat loss of smoke layer is proposed. Calculation is performed and results are plotted. It is indicated that the ratio of heat loss through solid boundaries to the convective part of fire power, χ, varies under different exhaust rates and heat release rates of the fire. Heat loss of smoke layer through solid boundaries should be considered and calculated using heat transfer theory, instead of taking as a constant part of convective heat release rates of the fire.
Method for Monitoring Average Flow Velocity of Fumes by Mean of Velocity Field Constant
Authors: Wang Li Na , Cai Yong Hui , Wang Hong Bo , Wang Shi Long
Published: June 2012

In order to achieve the target of controlling SO2emissions in fumes in a short period of time in China, it is necessary to develop a SO2on-line monitoring system (CEMS) that is suitable for China. To monitor total emissions of SO2in fumes, the concentration of SO2in the fumes and fumes flow rate must be monitored simultaneously. To monitor fumes flow rate, first we must monitor its average flow velocity, this is a major technical problem need to solve in the SO2CEMS. By means of study on velocity field constant in flue, An advanced method for monitoring average flow velocity of fume by mean of velocity field constant is presented, meanwhile an innovative device has been developed to detect velocity field constants automatically, which has resolved the technical difficulty in automated monitoring of fume average velocity in the flue. Through experiment and testing, the monitoring method researched is correct, structure of detecting device is reasonable, its monitoring results are stable and reliable.
Study on Fuzzy Reliability of the Gravity Retaining and Protecting Structure for Foundation Pit
Authors: Liao Ying , Xia Haili , Liu Xu , Wang Can
Published: June 2012

The major instable modes of the gravity retaining and protecting structure for foundation pit are overturning and slipping. Because of the stability of these geotechnical problems is affected by many uncertain factors, the stability analysis of them should be involved in the scope of the fuzzy and random event. Therefore, based on the theory of probability and fuzzy mathematics, the random and fuzzy characteristics were took into account, the calculating model of the fuzzy reliability of the gravity retaining and protecting structure for foundation pit was established. Through an engineering example’s calculating analysis of its overturning and slipping instable modes, the fuzzy instable probability and reliable index are calculated, some relevant conclusions are acquired via comparing with the traditional safety-coefficient method, and the feasibility of the fuzzy reliability method is testified.
System Design and Experiments Study on 120K the Segregation Linder Refrigerator with Pre-Cooling Cycle
Authors: Hu Chun Xia , Shi Yang , Li Gai Lian
Published: June 2012

Abstract. The separate condensing Linder refrigerator by using mixed-refrigerant with pre-cooling cycle in 120K temperature rang is proposed and the experimental device is established, then the corresponding experiments are conducted. The results show that the best ratio of ternary refrigerants(R23/R14/R740) is 0.63:0.28:0.09, the refrigerating temperature of the unimproved system without heat loads is 150 K, but the refrigerating temperature of the segregation Linder refrigerator system without heat loads is 120 K.
An Analysis of Temperature Plume Distance for BHE with Groundwater Advection
Authors: Mao Jin Feng , Li Yong , Geng Shi Bin , Zhang Hua , Liu Yong Hua
Published: June 2012

In the ground source heat pump (GSHP) system, the temperature around the borehole exchangers (BHEs) would continue to spread further because of the heat accumulation, in addition the groundwater advection would have an important impact on the thermal dispersion. In order to have more accurate spacing between holes for design, the definition of temperature plume distance is proposed, based on the steady-state model with groundwater advection in porous media, the approximate analytical expression of temperature plume distance was obtained, the factors affecting the temperature plume distance was analyzed by comparing to infinite line source (ILS) model.
Thermal Characteristics Comparison for Several Roofs of Naturally Ventilated Rooms
Authors: Zheng Shu Kui , Zhang Jie
Published: June 2012

Four kinds of insulation roofs of naturally ventilated rooms in Chengdu(P.R.C) were tested to evaluate the thermal performance in summer. The thermal characteristics of roofs with different construction were compared by regression analysis. The experimental results showed a strong negative correlation between the highest outdoor air temperature and the largest temperature increment. As the highest outdoor air over 29.1°C, the light green ventilated roof has the best insulation performance. Under "sunny - rain" climatic conditions in summer, the heat flux through the extruded polystyrene insulation roof was always toward outside, which is not good for cooling the structural roof at night. The heat flux of inner surface of concrete slab ventilated roof was the most sensitive with mean solar radiation, and it has the worst performance for attenuating fluctuations of solar air temperature of outdoors.
Study on Temperature Distribution of a Honeycomb Regenerator during Preheating Process
Authors: Cui Zhen Min
Published: June 2012

The HiTAC technology (High Temperature Air Combustion) is a reliable, industry proven combustion method. A three-dimensional numerical model is established which is for unsteady preheating process in honeycomb regenerator. The preheating period of honeycomb was simulated by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software; the outlet temperature, temperature at lengthways of gas, and temperature at lengthways of honeycomb were obtained.
Waste Heat Utility Technology in Coal Mine
Authors: Liu Jia You
Published: June 2012

Coal mine drainage, exhaust air and bathing wastewater, etc. contain a large amount of waste heat resource. Using the waste heat effectively is beneficial to achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction and improve economic benefit for coal mine. Heat pump and heat pipe are thermal devices recycling waste heat effectively. The ways and purpose of recycling waste heat in coal mine by using water-source heat pump, air-source heat pump and heat pipe exchanger is given. The performance of heat pump and heat pipe is briefly evaluated.
Ventilation Measurement and Simulation Optimization for Aerobic Composting Workshop of a Large Sludge Treatment Engineering
Authors: Zhu Kai Zhen , Zhang Jian Fei , Jia Shuang , Du Xu , Zhang Li Juan
Published: June 2012

Based on measured ventilation condition in the built aerobic composting plant of large sludge treatment engineering,using the methord of CFD, four kinds of scheme for the new aerobic composting plant were analysed,which contain two types of ventilation(natural air supply mechanical exhaust and mechanical air mechanical ventilation)and two kinds of supply air rates (4x105m3/h and 8x105m3/h). Studies have shown that the methord of mechanical air supply and exhaust is better than the original natural air mechanical exhaust in this plant; The methord of mechanical air supply and exhaust is recommended to reduce ammonia content for personal breathing zone and ventilation energy consumption.