bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exosomes secreted by endothelial cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells protect heart from myocardial infarction by modulating cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis
Authors: li hao , wang lu , ma teng , liu zhongming , gao ling
Published: July 2022

Background: Human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) exhibit potential in repairing the injured heart after myocardial infarction (MI) by promoting neovascularization and cardiomyocyte survival. However, because of the low cellular retention and poor engraftment efficacy, cell therapy treatment of MI is in part mediated by exosomes secreted from the transplanted cells. We investigated whether exosomes secreted from hiPSC-ECs could become a promising acellular approach to repairing the infarcted heart after MI, and elucidated the underlying protective mechanism. Methods: hiPSC-ECs were differentiated and exosomes were isolated in vitro. Then, hiPSC-EC exosomes were delivered by intramyocardial injection in a murine MI model in vivo. Echocardiography, combined with hemodynamic measurement, histological examination, Ca2+ transient and cell shortening assessment, and western blot, was used to determine protective effects of hiPSC-EC exosomes on the infarcted heart. Furthermore, microRNA sequencing, luciferase activity assay, and microRNA gain–loss function experiments were performed to investigate the enriched microRNA and its role in exosome-mediated effects. Results: In vitro assessments demonstrated that hiPSC-EC exosomes could be taken up by cardiomyocytes and that they possess the capability to protect cardiomyocytes from oxygen–glucose deprivation injury by enhancing Ca2+ transients, increasing ATP content, and promoting cell survival. Congruously, hiPSC-EC exosomes administration in vivo not only improved myocardial contractile function but also attenuated the harmful left ventricular remodeling after MI. Mechanistically, hiPSC-EC exosomes notably rescued the protein expression and function of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a (SERCA-2a) and ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR-2) to maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and increase cardiomyocyte contraction after MI. microRNA sequencing determined that miR-100-5p was the most abundant microRNA in exosomes, and miR-100-5p could target protein phosphatase 1β (PP-1β) to enhance the phosphorylation level of phospholamban (PLB) at Ser16 and subsequent SERCA activity, which contributes to the hiPSC-EC exosome–exerted cytoprotective effects on maintaining intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and promoting cardiomyocyte survival. Conclusion: hiPSC-EC exosomes maintain cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis to improve myocardial recovery after MI, which may provide an acellular therapeutic option for myocardial injury. Keywords: hiPSC-ECs, exosomes, Ca2+ homeostasis, miR-100-5p
GPR39 Knockout Worsens Microcirculatory Response to Experimental Stroke in a Sex- Dependent Manner
Authors: Xu Yifan , Zhang Wenri , Allen Elyse , Fedorov Lev , Barnes Anthony , Qian Zu Yuan , Bah Thierno , Li Yuandong , Wang Ruikang , Shangraw Robert , Alkayed Nabil
Published: July 2022

Background and Purpose
No current treatments target microvascular reperfusion after stroke, which can contribute to poor outcomes even after successful clot retrieval. The G protein-coupled receptor GPR39 is expressed in brain peri-capillary pericytes, and has been implicated in microvascular regulation, but its role in stroke is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that GPR39 plays a protective role after stroke, in part due to preservation of microvascular perfusion. We generated GPR39 knockout (KO) mice and tested whether GPR39 gene deletion worsens capillary blood flow and exacerbates brain injury and functional deficit after focal cerebral ischemia.
Methods
Stroke was induced in male and female GPR39 KO and WT littermates by 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Microvascular perfusion was assessed via capillary red blood cell (RBC) flux in deep cortical layers in vivo using optical microangiography (OMAG). Brain injury was assessed by measuring infarct size by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at 24 hours or brain atrophy at 3 weeks after ischemia. Pole and cylinder behavior tests were conducted to assess neurological function deficit at 1 and 3 weeks post-stroke.
Results
Male but not female GPR39 KO mice exhibited larger infarcts and lower capillary RBC flux than WT controls after stroke. Male GPR39 KO mice also exhibited worse neurologic deficit at 1 week post-stroke, though functional deficit disappeared in both groups by 3 weeks.
Conclusions
GPR39 deletion worsens brain injury, microvascular perfusion, and neurological function after experimental stroke. Results indicate that GPR39 plays a sex-dependent role in re-establishing microvascular flow and limiting ischemic brain damage after stroke.
Osteoarthritis Diagnosis Integrating Whole Joint Radiomics and Clinical Features for Robust Learning Models using Biological Privileged Information
Authors: Turkestani Najla Al , Cai Lingrui , Cevidanes Lucia , Bianchi Jonas , Zhang Winston , Gurgel Marcela , Gillot Maxime , Baquero Baptiste , Najarian Kayvan , Soroushmehr Reza
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes a machine learning model using privileged information (LUPI) and normalized mutual information feature selection method (NMIFS) to build a robust and accurate framework to diagnose patients with Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis (TMJ OA). To build such a model, we employ clinical, quantitative imaging and additional biological markers as privileged information. We show that clinical features play a leading role in the TMJ OA diagnosis and quantitative imaging features, extracted from cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans, improve the model performance. As the proposed LUPI model employs biological data in the training phase (which boosted the model performance), this data is unnecessary for the testing stage, indicating the model can be widely used even when only clinical and imaging data are collected. The model was validated using 5-fold stratified cross-validation with hyperparameter tuning to avoid the bias of data splitting. Our method achieved an AUC, specificity and precision of 0.81, 0.79 and 0.77, respectively.
The link between language learning and long-term memory
Authors: Kadia Kavya
Published: July 2022

Language acquisition has been shown to impact neuroplasticity, which is the ability of the brain to undergo structural changes in response to stimulus, behavioral experience, or cognitive demands. This research suggests how language learning affects human memory; the goal of this research was to find whether learning a foreign language could increase memory in human beings, and the goal of the research was to know the improvement felt by the subjects by increasing learning capacity. The objective behind the research is to find out the aim and motive of a learner in learning a language, and the methodologies used by them to learn it, which affect their long-term memory, which gets stored in the Hippocampus region. The conclusion draws on how humans acquire language, in three stages: encoding, retrieval, and storage, and how subjects felt the improvement in their long-term memory, after acquiring a new language. The results indicate that the subjects after learning a language felt improvement in their memory and ability to grasp.
Does peer information crowd out performance?
Authors: Lee Grace HY , Teo Jemy , Xiao Erte
Published: July 2022

People often struggle to achieve self-improvement goals. In a randomized controlled trial, we nudged participants with peer information to sign up for a goal-setting activity. We find that while nudging leads to a higher sign-up rate relative to the baseline without nudging, it does not always improve performance and can even lead to a lower effort when people do not internalise the value of the goal.JEL codes: I12; C93
Detecting Potential Market Corner Risk of WTI: A Hybrid Anomaly Detection Approach
Authors: Li Dun , Han Dezhi , Crespi Noel , Minerva Roberto , Shao Wenhao , Li Kuan-Ching
Published: July 2022

The price of crude oil is one of the most critical factors of the world economy, as it is volatile and sensibly affected by the macro-economic, thus attracting large-scale speculative activities. Well known its vulnerability, some of the price fluctuations are affected by external factors, such as financial crisis, oil trade war, while others are due to manipulation. Due to such facts, this article aims to clarify the characteristics and features of the market corner in the crude oil future market and detecting potential market corner risk in West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and a hybrid anomaly detection approach is proposed. After a detailed overview of the characteristics and definitions of the market corner, the features are extracted through the processing of actual market data. We first detect suspicious market corners with abnormal prices and volume through the local outlier factor algorithm (LOF). Next, the detected results are used as pseudo-labels, and the entire month’s trading behavior is trained and classified through the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms to identifying potential market corners. Experimental results show that the proposed model has excellent accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score, indicating that the model is feasible and has strong robustness. Furthermore, based on the successful detection of potential market corner risk, the model can be further used for individual risk control and overall supervision of the crude oil futures market.
Programmable melt electrowriting to engineer soft connective tissues with prescribed, biomimetic biaxial mechanical properties
Authors: Mirani Bahram , Mathew Sean , Latifi Neda , Labrosse Michel , Amsden Brian , Simmons Craig
Published: July 2022

Appropriate load-bearing function of soft connective tissues is provided by their nonlinear and often anisotropic mechanical properties. Recapitulating this complex mechanical behaviour in tissue-engineered structures is particularly crucial, as deviation from normal native tissue mechanics can trigger pathological biomechanical pathways, leading to adverse tissue remodelling and dysfunction. Here we report a novel method combining computational modelling, melt electrowriting (MEW), and design of experiments (DOE) to generate scaffolds composed of sinusoidal fibres with prescribed biaxial tensile mechanical properties, recapitulating the distinct nonlinear, anisotropic stress-strain behaviour of three model soft connective tissues: adult aortic valve, pediatric pulmonary valve, and pediatric pericardium. The fibrous scaffolds were fabricated using MEW of polycaprolactone, and their architectures were optimized using DOE and regression models for superior control over scaffold architecture to yield prescribed mechanics. Cell-laden fibrin hydrogel was cast within the fibrous scaffolds to generate hybrid tissue sheets, suitable for connective tissue engineering. The composition of the cell-laden hydrogel and its cell density were optimized to cause minimal contraction, support high cell viability and growth, and minimally contribute to the hybrid tissue biaxial mechanical properties, which were governed by the prescribed MEW scaffold architecture. This high-fidelity approach recapitulates biaxial mechanical properties over a broad range of mechanical nonlinearity and anisotropy and is generalizable for programmed fabrication in a variety of textile, biomaterial, and tissue engineering applications.
Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphisms with risk of hypertension among the Ethiopian population
Authors: Birhan Tsegaye Adane , Molla Meseret Derbew , Abdulkadir Mohamed , Tesfa Kibur Hunie
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Although the pathophysiological mechanism of hypertension is not fully elucidated yet, a large number of pieces of evidence have shown that genetic alterations in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system play a central role. However, the association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene with essential hypertension is controversial yet, and there is a limited number of publications among the Ethiopian population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of ACE gene I/D polymorphism with the risk of hypertension among essential hypertension patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Materials and methods
A case-control study was conducted from October 07, 2020, to June 02, 2021, among hypertensive patients and normotensive control groups at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and anthropometric measurements. Five milliliters of blood were drawn from each of the randomly selected 64 hypertensive and 64 normotensive participants for molecular test analysis. Genetic polymorphism of the ACE gene was identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25.0 software. The strength of association between the genotype and hypertension was estimated through the calculation of adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
The distribution of DD genotypes and D allele of the ACE gene were 48.4% and 63% in essential hypertensive patients, respectively, while it were 29.7% and 42.2% in control subjects respectively. The ACE DD genotype (p-value = 0.005) and D allele (p-value = 0.001) were more frequent among hypertensive patients as compared to controls.
Conclusion
The present study found that the DD genotype and D allele of the ACE gene has had a strong association with a high risk of hypertension in the study population.
Multiscale spatial segregation analysis in digital images: from biofilms, oats and raisins to Covid-19 epidemics
Authors: Dogsa Iztok , Mandic-Mulec Ines
Published: July 2022

Quantifying the degree of spatial segregation of two components is relevant in many fields, including microbiology, population biology and epidemics. Spatial segregation is spatial scale-dependant – from a great distance the components may appear to be well mixed, but a closer look can reveal strong separation. Typically, this information is encoded in a digital image that represents the binary system, e.g., a microscopy image of two species biofilm or a state map of virus-infected and virus-uninfected people. To decode spatial segregation information, we have developed quantitative measures for evaluating the degree of the spatial scale-dependent segregation of two components in a digital image. The constructed algorithm implementing new segregation measures was successfully applied to mixed species biofilms and bacterial suspensions, where we detected different spatial scale-dependent segregation levels. To demonstrate the versatility of our multiscale segregation analysis approach, we have also applied it to SARS-CoV-2-infected population density maps of Italy during the “first wave” of the epidemic. Our data suggests that the first community quarantine imposed by the Italian government at the end of February 2020 was ineffective; however, after the full-country “lockdown”, the segregation stopped decreasing, indicating an efficient community quarantine.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of different factors on the heat conduction properties of micro-structured homogeneous combustion systems
Authors: Chen Junjie
Published: July 2022

In addition to chemical reactions, physical processes that transfer mass and energy by diffusion or convection occur in gaseous combustion. While flame propagation at the micro-scale is feasible, the interplay of kinetics and transport in flame stability and combustion characteristics of micro-structured homogeneous combustion systems is poorly understood. This study relates to the effects of different factors on the heat conduction properties of micro-structured homogeneous combustion systems. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are conducted by treating explicitly heat transfer through the wall. to gain insights into combustion performance such as species concentrations, temperatures, and flames. The effects of materials of construction and operating conditions on flame stability and combustion characteristics are delineated. The factors affecting combustion characteristics are determined for micro-structured homogeneous combustion systems. Particular focus is placed on determining essential factors that affect the performance of micro-structured homogeneous combustion systems. The results indicate that the wall thermal conductivity is very important as this design parameter determines the upstream heat transfer, which is necessary for flame ignition and stability, and the material's integrity by controlling the existence of hot spots. The wall thermal conductivity is vital in determining the flame stability of the system, as the walls are responsible for the majority of the upstream heat transfer as well as the external heat losses. Further improvement in flame stability can be achieved by using anisotropic walls. The combustion system walls should have anisotropic thermal conductivity; they should allow axial but inhibit transverse conduction. Such anisotropic walls would allow upstream heat flux to preheat the feed, yet not allow transverse heat loss to the surroundings.
Assessment of Ground Water as Source of Drinking Water in an Agricultural Tropical Environment
Authors: Tyopine Andrew Aondoaver , Jayeoye Titilope John , Azuoko George Best
Published: July 2022

The study conducted in dry and rainy seasons in 2019 assessed the levels of metals in ground water sampled from boreholes and dug wells in Ikwo, south-eastern Nigeria. Nine water samples were analysed for calcium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and aluminium using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Analysis showed higher metal concentrations in rainy season, except for manganese whose concentration was higher in the dry season. The levels of the metals exceeded permissible limits in both seasons except for calcium. The metal indices were not greater than 2 while all degrees of contamination were less than 1. This collaborative classification of both metal index and degrees of contamination suggest that water samples were safe for human consumption. The health risk evaluated by hazard indices (HI) were categorized into low and medium (≥ 0.1 to < 4) levels of chronic risks. The HI values, evaluated for both children and adults; were predominantly medium for children and low for adults. All indices for water quality evaluation revealed that ground water in the study area is of minimal contamination hence, no immediate threat to health. Therefore, to ensure quality water supply, sustainable monitoring of water quality is recommended in the study area, with continuous environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
The development of the oral resistome during the first decade of life
Authors: Sukumar Smitha , Wang Fang , Simpson Carra , Willet Cali , Chew Tracy , Hughes Toby , Bockmann Michelle , Sadsad Rosemarie , Martin Fjelda , Lydecker Henry , Browne Gina , Davies Kylie , Bui Minh , Martinez Elena , Adler Christina
Published: July 2022

Antibiotic overuse has promoted the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with significant health and economic consequences. Surveillance of resistance reservoirs, like the rarely explored oral microbiome, is necessary to combat AMR. We characterised the development of the paediatric oral resistome and investigated its role in dental caries in 221 twin children sampled over the first decade of life. From 535 oral metagenomes, we identified 309 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), which significantly clustered by age, with the influence of host genetics on antimicrobial resistance increasing over time. Our results suggest the mobilisation potential of ARGs increased with age as Tn916 transposase was co-located with more species and ARGs as children grew. Dental caries compared to health was associated with a depletion of ARGs and species, which was reversed when restored. Our results highlight the dynamic nature of the paediatric oral resistome, and its potential role in transmission of AMR and dysbiosis.
Learning Interpretable Microscopic Features of Tumor by Multi-task Adversarial CNNs Improves Generalization
Authors: Graziani Mara , Otalora Sebastian , Marchand-Maillet Stéphane , Müller Henning , Andrearczyk Vincent
Published: July 2022

Adopting Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in the daily routine of pathological diagnosis requires not only near-perfect precision, but also sufficient generalization to data shifts and transparency. Existing CNN models act as black boxes, not ensuring to the physicians that important diagnostic features are used by the model. Building on top of successfully existing techniques such as multi-task learning, domain adversarial training and concept-based interpretability, we address the challenge of introducing diagnostic factors in the training objectives. Our architecture, by learning end-to-end an uncertainty-based weighting combination of multi-task and adversarial losses, is encouraged to focus on pathology features such as density and pleomorphism of nuclei, e.g. variations in size and appearance, while discarding misleading features such as staining differences. Our results on breast lymph node tissue show significantly improved generalization in the detection of tumorous tissue, with best average AUC 0.89 (0.01) against the baseline AUC 0.86 (0.005). By applying the interpretability technique of linearly probing intermediate representations, we also demonstrate that interpretable pathology features such as nuclei density are learned by the proposed CNN architecture, confirming the increased transparency of this model. This result is a starting point towards building interpretable multi-task architectures that are robust to data heterogeneity. Our code is available at https://bit.ly/356yQ2u.
Game-informed meaning making in U.S. math class
Authors: Abrams Sandra Schamroth
Published: July 2022

This article features data from a larger, ongoing eight-year study involving game-informed learning in public high school math classes in the Northeastern United States. More specifically, the focus on cooperative competition and assessment reveals how specific principles of gaming, namely discovery, reflexivity, contextual understanding, and sharing, can support the development of students’ literacies and numeracies. Furthermore, this article addresses how game-informed teaching and learning can be applied to L1 classroom.
Stardust and statistics
Authors: Tran Kelly M
Published: July 2022

The ability to understand language-in-use is essential to language and literacy learning. This article focuses on players' acquisition of specialist language and Discourses (Gee, 2014) among players of the mobile augmented reality game Pokémon GO. Specifically, I explore player-written guides by self-identified researchers of the game. These researchers enact scientific Discourses to explain gameplay elements. Using parent interviews and excerpts from the player-written guides, I analyze these game guides' highly specialized and complex language as forms of situated language in-use. I conclude with a discussion of implications based on these findings for L1 in educational settings.
A critical review of digital game literacies in the English classroom
Authors: Bacalja Alexander
Published: July 2022

This paper reviews research into the use of digital games in the L1 English classroom. It deals specifically with qualitative case study research investigating the potentialities of these new social, cultural and textual forms. The aim is to provide a critical review of the research to identify how teachers have been using these new forms of meaning making and to explore the literate practices associated with the study of digital games in the English classroom, as well as the games selected and the forms of classroom play utilised. Analysis of the 16 studies which met the inclusion criteria reveals that digital game literacies present opportunities for meeting the historical imperatives of English teaching, but also for providing new ways of thinking about how we support students to know themselves and the world. Connecting with students’ lifeworlds, developing traditional and contemporary skills, questioning representations within texts, and supporting the aesthetic dimension of textual experience, were reported to be important outcomes that could be achieved through learning about digital games in English.
Unemployment, Poverty And Governance Questions In Nigeria: Human Capital Development And Partnership Approach Options
Authors: Salisu Paul Ojonemi
Published: July 2022

The level of unemployment amongst the old and young people in Nigeria is not only outrageous but seemingly on the increase, notwithstanding the presence of all economic major resources together with several policies, programmes, and projects of successive administrations. Governments, at various levels, have adopted different measures to reduce unemployment and poverty rates with little or no significant effects. This study, therefore, attempts to focus mainly, on Human Capital Development (HCD) and Public Private Partnership as panacea to alleviating unemployment and poverty rate in Nigeria and Africa at large. To achieve its objective, the paper employs a secondary method of data collection and hence, the documentary method of analysis is adopted. Literature revealed that responsive governance – governance that responds to the plight and predicaments of the citizenry (unemployment and poverty) by investing in human capital development will in the end, not only produce men and women of creativity but entrepreneurs that will drive the economy by engaging their knowledge and skills in productive ventures. In addition, the adoption of Partnership Approach by the study canvassed the involvement of the private sector to actively participate in job creation that will lead to poverty alleviation. It is recommended that for an economy to thrive, governance should focus on the provision and sustenance of basic infrastructural facilities such as functional vocational institutions, quality education, and an enabling environment for the private sector’s ease of doing business.
The Global Socioeconomic Impact of Mental Health
Authors: Louis Raphael
Published: July 2022

This paper outlines the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific communities on the issue of common genetic factors discovered in mental disorders. The main objective of the research is to analyse the relationship between genetics and mental health. The relevance of this study by FAAVM Canada, (North America), is to help recognize that major mental health disorders share certain genetic defects. These findings may also point to apply better multidisciplinary scientific research methodologies to diagnose and treat these conditions. However, genetic factors can increase the risks of mental health issues, or make us more vulnerable to developing them, by reducing the brain’s ability to deal with or compensate for traumas and other cognitive disruptions. This research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the results can be useful for vaccine and pharmaceutical drug development. Across the European Union (EU) region, approximately 165 million people are affected annually by mental illnesses, for the most part, anxiety, mood, and substance abuse disorders. On average, over 50% of the general population in middle-income and high-income countries will experience at least one mental illness at some point in their lives. That being said, mental illnesses are by no means limited to a minority group of predisposed persons but are a major public health challenge. These scientific attributes are in fact mandatory diagnostic criteria that exert considerable socio-economic repercussions not only for those affected but also for their families, communities, social, and employment related environments. In the first year of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic, global frequency of anxiety and depression increased by an immense 25%, according to a scientific summary released by the World Health Organization (WHO). Mental illnesses and substance abuse disorders account for over 10.4% of the global burden of mental health diseases, owing to demographic changes and prolonged life expectancy, and were the leading cause of years lived with disability among all disease groups.
Moderating Influence Of E-Learning On Employee Training And Development (A Study Of Kwara State University Nigeria)
Authors: Akpoviroro Kowo Solomon , Adeleke Oba Adenuga Olusegun
Published: July 2022

With rapidly changing work environment and digitalization in social life, it is easier and effective to use electronic learning (E-learning) systems to train human resource. This training can cover various dimensions like technologies, product, services, culture and policies. This study examined the influence of E-Learning on employee training and development. Two research questions were posed for the study and two hypotheses formulated in line with the objectives. As such, the objectives of the study were to examine whether the employees with less workload spend more time on E-learning than employees with higher workload, thus handle larger responsibilities and how the trainings imparted through E-learning has influence on performance of the employees and service quality. The study employed survey research, the experimental research and the ex-post facto. For this research, the quantitative research design was used. Questionnaires were administered to a sample size of two hundred and sixty (260) employees out of the seven hundred and twenty six (726) employee population of Non Academic Staffs of Kwara State University Nigeria. The simple random sampling and the test re-test reliability approach was adopted. The research found out that E-learning is a facilitating step for improving the pace of learning and reducing employee down-time thus enabling employees to handle greater responsibilities. Thus it concluded that employees with less workload can be made more responsible by providing training through E-learning. And it was also revealed that E-learning improves performance of employees by enhancing their productivity which influences quality of work thus improves employee performance. Based on the results of findings, the study recommends that Learning interactivities designed to accomplish knowledge transfer with a heavy emphasis on skills development on online learning platform can be used for new hires and market including: Business operations, auxiliary services, guidelines and future markets which will enhance employees performance and service quality. Other e-learning solutions are important as they are self-directed and much easy than any other methods of training.
Innovation And Social Networks For Creating Social Value
Authors: Lopez Belen Suarez , Caetano Isabel Maria Santos , Alcaide Antonio Vargas
Published: July 2022

In an increasingly digitized world and after the disruption of the covid-19 pandemic, the internet and social networks are becoming the central backbone of interactions between individuals, organizations, and governments worldwide in general and defending the democratic values in Ukraine in particular. The influence capacity of social networks on creativity and innovation has grown in recent years and has been an objective of the study. This paper analyses the interaction between innovation and social networks from a balanced assessment, considering opportunities and risks. The interaction between social networks and innovation could redesign the value creation process. The proliferation of social media platforms coincides with the expansion of the open innovation paradigm and has demonstrated its efficiency in facilitating solutions in different fields such as science, statistics, engineering, production and the generation of social policies. On the other hand, risks have to be analyzed and mitigated. The social networks and search engines could have become a proxy for organizing and accessing information and knowledge on a large scale; however, evidence points out how the fake data and concentration could suffocate innovation. The research develops a theoretical framework to analyze how the organizational structure of social networks could influence the knowledge absorption capability and innovation; what is the influence of the social networks on creativity and innovation; and their role as drivers to create the social value. The results of the research could be practically valuable for many stakeholders: Chief Innovation Officers and Communication Managers, Teams responsible for Stakeholders Engagement and Open Innovation programmes, Policy Makers, and the Scientific Community interested in developing empirical research on the topic, as well as citizens to understand their role as change-makers contributing to developing Innovation and Creativity.
Efcacy and safety of combination therapy with bedaquiline in a multimorbid HIV positive patient with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Zhukova E. M. , Kulchavenya E. V.
Published: July 2022

The article describes a clinical observation of the eﬀective treatment of a multimorbid HIV positive patient with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis. It demonstrates modern approaches to treatment and optimal chemotherapy regimens containing bedaquiline. In the treatment of patients with a combination of chronic infectious diseases (tuberculosis, HIV infection, parenteral hepatitis) and oncological pathology (kidney cancer), interdepartmental interaction of specialists (phthisiologists, infectious disease specialists, and oncologists) is needed in order to compile successful treatment regimens taking into account multiple comorbidities and the risk of adverse reactions to drug combinations and choose the right time to perform a successful surgery.
The role of pyridoxine in the comprehensive treatment of tuberculosis patients
Authors: Tyulkova T. E.
Published: July 2022

The review analyzes 47 publications describing the process occurring in the human body with involvement of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). The special emphasis is put on the role of vitamin B6 in prevention of adverse reactions to medications or their relief due to a comprehensive eﬀect on many organs and systems.
Challenges in stafng of TB services with phthisiologists
Authors: Vasilyeva I. A. , Sterlikov S. A. , Parolina L. E. , Testov V. V. , Gordina A. V. , Doktorova N. P.
Published: July 2022

In order to understand problems, resources, and ways of improving TB epidemic situation, it is important to analyze stafng of TB Services.

Subjects and Methods. The number of phthisiologists, full-time and employed positions of phthisiologists in 2011-2020 was assessed based of Federal Statistical Surveillance Form no. 30, and for the period of 2005-2014, Form no. 17 was additionally used. The number of phthisiologists was calculated as the ratio of the number of phthisiologists (Form no. 30) to the population at the end of the reporting year multiplied by 10,000. The physician workforce capacity was additionally analyzed based on audit reports of on-site visits in 10 regions of the Russian Federation (RF) in 2021.

Results. As of late 2020, the stafng level with physical persons amounted to 52.5%, the shortage of personnel was more than 4,000 phthisiologists. The provision of the population with phthisiologists ranged from 0.49 (2014) to 0.47 per 10,000 population (2020). In 2011-2020, the coefcient of part-time employment varied from 1.6 to 1.7, exceeding the regulatory value (no more than 1.5) but for 2019. The sampling analysis in 10 regions of the Russian Federation demonstrated that the proportion of phthisiologists of retirement age among physicians was 37.2%. In 2011-2020, the number of tuberculosis patients per one phthisiologist position  decreased from 19.0 to 7.8, the number of patients with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis - from 2.7 to 2.1. There is a significant decrease in the number of staﬀ positions and occupied positions of phthisiologists providing medical care in out-patient settings (by 14.0%), while the number of phthisiologists in in-patient facilities remained the same.

Conclusion. Challenges in stafng of TB Services are as follows: shortage of personnel, high level of phthisiologists working part-time, insufcient stafng of out-patient and polyclinic services, high proportion of physicians of pre-retirement and retirement age and insufcient level of professional competence of young specialists.
ATLAS LAr Calorimeter commissioning for LHC Run-3
Authors: SELEM Luka
Published: July 2022

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) measures
proton-proton collisions at high energies. Within the Phase-I upgrade of
the LHC before the start of Run-3 in 2022, the trigger system of the Liquid
Argon calorimeter of ATLAS is being prepared to cope with an increased
number of simultaneous proton-proton collisions. In the back-end of this
new trigger system, the LATOME boards will be responsible for the
computation of the energies deposited in the calorimeter. The commissioning
of this computation within the LATOME is presented.
EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF ESLICARBAZEPINE ACETATE AS MONOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED FOCAL EPILEPSY
Authors:   Post-Graduate Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad., Saxena Sonam , Singh Parmar Seema ,   Department of Psychiatry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad.
Published: July 2022

This study was conducted at Department of Psychiatry, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad. The aim of our study was to determine the efficacy and safety of Eslicarbazepine Acetate, observe its well-tolerated use and monitor adverse effects in newly diagnosed patients of focal epilepsy. A total of 30 newly diagnosed cases of focal epilepsy between 18-60 years, were studied for 6 months, using a semi-structured interview and Liverpool Adverse Events Profile. Majority of patients were males (58%), between 21-30 years. Patients with partial/focal seizures (63%) were more common than those of generalized seizures (37%).Majority of the participants had 1-2 episodes of focal seizures weekly (48%), while some had almost daily (32%). Majority were on Eslicarbazepine Acetate 800mg in two divided doses daily (64%), while the others received 1200 mg in divided doses (32%). The mean Liverpool Adverse Events Profile score initially was 28.34 Â± 6.28 which significantly improved after 4 weeks treatment to 22.80 Â± 4.35 (p < 0.05). The improvement in newly diagnosed focal seizures patients was significantly more than other patients (p < 0.05).No major side effects were observed.Therefore, better results of this drug are found in newly diagnosed focal epilepsy patients.
EVALUATION DES PROPRIETES ANTIDIABETIQUES DE LEXTRAIT AQUEUX DECORCES DE TRONC DE SCLEROCARYA BIRREA (ANACARDIACEAE) ET DE SA FRACTION CYCLOHEXANIQUE CHEZ DES RATS WISTAR DIABETIQUES DE TYPE 2
Authors:   Laboratoirede Biologie et Sante, Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote dIvoire), 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22., Justin Kouehiouon Djike Anderson-Bel , Koffi Camille ,   Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique, Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Medicales, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote dIvoire), 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22., Stanislas Zahoui Ouga ,   Laboratoirede Biologie et Sante, Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote dIvoire), 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22., Anthelme Nene Bi Semi ,   Laboratoirede Biologie et Sante, Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote dIvoire), 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22., Traore Flavien ,   Laboratoirede Biologie et Sante, Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Universite Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote dIvoire), 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22.
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that has posed a public health problem for a long time and whose medical treatment is lifelong and expensive. Thus, populations have the alternative treatment of using medicinal plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of the aqueous extract of the trunk bark of Sclerocarya birrea (EAqScB) and its cyclohexane fraction (F4) in order to justify its traditional use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The study was done on rats induced type 2 diabetic by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). These animals are administered a daily dose of EAqScB and F4 for 28 days.The rats blood sugar was measured regularly every 7 days. At the end of the experiment, the rats are fasted and anesthetized, then the blood of these animals is taken from the orbital sinus using a Pasteur pipette, in order to determine their hematological and serum parameters. EAqScB and F4 at the respective doses of 100 and 25 mg/kg B.W. induced a very significant decrease (p<0.01) in the hyperglycaemia induced by STZ. These extracts induced a significant drop (p<0.05) in blood platelets, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and glycated hemoglobin levels in treated diabetic rats. On the other hand, they increased the levels of HDL and hepatic glucose of these rats at the end of the treatment. These extracts regulate the levels of biochemical and serum parameters of diabetic rats compared to those of control rats.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION AND OTHER COMPLICATIONS
Authors:   M.Pharm. PhD, Department ofPharmacy Practice, Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur - 522006., Seetharamaiah P. , Naga Sai Vyshnavi Sugatri Unnava ,   Pharm.D (Intern), Department Of Pharmacy Practice,Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur - 522006., Pranathi Panthangi ,   Pharm.D (Intern), Department Of Pharmacy Practice,Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur - 522006., Bhavya Muvva ,   Pharm.D (Intern), Department Of Pharmacy Practice,Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur - 522006., Neelima Chowdary Devarapu ,   Pharm.D (Intern), Department Of Pharmacy Practice,Hindu College Of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur - 522006.
Published: July 2022

Objective:To Identify Pregnancy induced complications.The Aim of this study is to Analyse Prescription patterns of the drugs to treat Pregnancy induced Hypertension and other complications among pregnant women. Material And Methods Of The Study:This is a Retrospective Clinical Longitudinal Interventional study, conducted among 100 Pregnant Women at a study site of St. Joseph General Hospital. Relevant data such as Demographic details of patients, Risk factors Past medical history, Family history, Pregnancy Gravida, Last menstrual period and Last Child Birth were collected from previous one year old medical records. Statistical Consideration: All the Raw data which had collected was entered in MICROSOFT EXCEL SHEET 2007version, the Statistical analysis was done through SAS software version 9.4by an appropriate Statistical methods continues variables are Presented as Mean values- Standard deviation and categorical variables are presented as Percentages.Wehad estimated the Incidence proportion of PIH by age,Gravida and also estimated the Incidence of other complications. Results:Among 100 Patients, we estimated incidence proportion of PIH by age group of 26-30 years the incidence is 41.56% , Next category of age group is 21-25 years the incidence is 24.68%. And next PIH according to Gravida,58% had developed in Primi and 30% had developed in second gravida, also 8% in third gravid lastly 4% in fourth gravida. Also,The incidence proportion in pregnancy induced complications are Gestational diabetes mellitus-53%, Pre-eclampsia-4%,Others-43%. Conclusion:We conclude that among 100 Pregnant women most of them were having Pregnancy induced hypertension, the drug of choice is Labetolol-100mg,followed by Gestational diabetes mellitus and other complications Hypothyroidism, RH-ve factor, Urinary tract infections, Anaemia ,Oligohydramnios.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON EMPOWERMENT OF SOFT SKILLS AMONG NURSING STUDENTS
Authors:   Principal, Savitri Jindal Institute of Nursing, Department of Obstetrical & Gyanaecological Nursing, Haryana., R. Priya , Vajrala Baba ,   Principal, Birender Singh College of Nursing, Department of Mental Health Nursing, Haryana.
Published: July 2022

Aim: Today, employers prefer to hire, retain, and promote those who are resourceful, ethical, and self-directed with good soft skills. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of educational intervention on the empowerment of soft skills among nursing students. Materials and Methods: The quasi-experimental one-group (pre-test-post-test) design was adopted, and 49 nursing students were chosen by using convenience sampling. The pre-test and post-test were assessed and provided educational intervention regarding soft skills. Results: The pre-test mean score of knowledge was (10.92), the post-test mean score of knowledge was (19.92), as well as the t value of knowledge was (8.173), which indicates that there were significant changes in knowledge, but there was no association between knowledge and demographic variables like age, family income, and sources of knowledge (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the educational intervention improved the knowledge of soft skills among nursing students, which will empower them in a clinical setting.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS USING DIODE LASER (970 NM) AS AN ADJUNCT TO SCALING AND ROOT PLANING - A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: V. Varsha , A.M Savita , K.N Pallavi , S. Sunil , R.N Archana , R.M Remya , M.B Harsha , B.M Shivaprasad
Published: July 2022

Background: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an infectious disease resulting in inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth with progressive attachment loss and bone loss. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 970-nm diode laser, as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the management of CP in terms of bacterial reduction and changes in clinical parameters. Methodology: A total of 20 systemically healthy subjects diagnosed with CP were randomly assigned into two groups Group1 (SRP) and Group 2 (SRP and diode laser (970 nm)) with equal numbers in each group. The levels of Treponema denticola and Treponema socranskii were estimated from plaque samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Clinical and microbiological parameters were assessed at baseline and 6 weeks post treatment in both the groups. Results:Gradual reductions in the levels of T.denticola, T.socranskiiand improvement in the clinical parameters were observed from baseline to 6 weeks in both the groups. However, the comparison between the groups, although clinically relevant, was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Although no added benefits were found using diode laser (970 nm) application as compared with SRP, it could emerge as an effective non-surgical treatment option in advanced periodontitis with complex inaccessible subgingival niches where comprehensive periodontal care may not be feasible.