bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thematic role information is maintained in the visual object-tracking system
Authors: Jessop Andrew , Chang Franklin
Published: October 2019

Thematic roles characterise the functions of participants in events, but there is no agreement on how these roles are identified in the real world. In three experiments, we examined how role identification in push events is supported by the visual object-tracking system. Participants saw one to three push events in visual scenes with nine identical randomly moving circles. After a period of random movement, two circles from one of the push events and a foil object were given different colours and the participants had to identify their roles in the push with an active sentence, such as red pushed blue. It was found that the participants could track the agent and patient targets and generate descriptions that identified their roles at above chance levels, even under difficult conditions, such as when tracking multiple push events (Experiments 1–3), fixating their gaze (Experiment 1), performing a concurrent speeded-response task (Experiment 2), and when tracking objects that were temporarily invisible (Experiment 3). The results were consistent with previous findings of an average tracking capacity limit of four objects, individual differences in this capacity, and the use of attentional strategies. The studies demonstrated that thematic role information can be maintained when tracking the identity of visually identical objects, then used to map role fillers (e.g., the agent of a push event) into their appropriate sentence positions. This suggests that thematic role features are stored temporarily in the visual object-tracking system.
How a question context aids word production: Evidence from the picture–word interference paradigm
Authors: Shao Zeshu , Rommers Joost
Published: October 2019

Difficulties in saying the right word at the right time arise at least in part because multiple response candidates are simultaneously activated in the speaker’s mind. The word selection process has been simulated using the picture–word interference task, in which participants name pictures while ignoring a superimposed written distractor word. However, words are usually produced in context, in the service of achieving a communicative goal. Two experiments addressed the questions whether context influences word production, and if so, how. We embedded the picture–word interference task in a dialogue-like setting, in which participants heard a question and named a picture as an answer to the question while ignoring a superimposed distractor word. The conversational context was either constraining or nonconstraining towards the answer. Manipulating the relationship between the picture name and the distractor, we focused on two core processes of word production: retrieval of semantic representations (Experiment 1) and phonological encoding (Experiment 2). The results of both experiments showed that naming reaction times (RTs) were shorter when preceded by constraining contexts as compared with nonconstraining contexts. Critically, constraining contexts decreased the effect of semantically related distractors but not the effect of phonologically related distractors. This suggests that conversational contexts can help speakers with aspects of the meaning of to-be-produced words, but phonological encoding processes still need to be performed as usual.
Determining the value contribution of emicizumab (Hemlibra®) for the prophylaxis of haemophilia A with inhibitors in Spain by multi-criteria decision analysis
Authors: Álvarez-Román Maria Teresa , Cuervo-Arango Ignacio , Pérez-Santamarina Rafael , Poveda José Luís , Romero José Antonio , Santamaría Amparo , Trillo-Mata José Luís , Tort Marina , Badia Xavier
Published: October 2019

Patients with moderate to severe haemophilia A are at a higher risk of developing FVIII inhibitors that require the use of more costly and less effective treatments. The objective of this study was to determine the value of emicizumab for the prophylaxis of haemophilia A with inhibitors compared to the current therapeutic alternatives, activated prothrombin complex concentrate and recombinant factor VIIa through reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. The EVIDEM framework adapted to orphan drugs and weighted by a sample of 98 national and regional Spanish evaluators was used. Two structured evidence matrices were developed: emicizumab against activated prothrombin complex concentrate and emicizumab against recombinant factor VIIa. A multidisciplinary team of haemophilia experts rated each of the criteria. Mean and standard deviation were calculated by each criterion and discussed among all participants. Haemophilia A with inhibitors was perceived as a severe disease with high unmet needs. Emicizumab was rated with higher efficacy, therapeutic benefit and quality of life than comparators. When administered alone for the prevention of bleeding events, emicizumab had slightly better safety and tolerability profile than activated prothrombin complex concentrate and similar with recombinant factor VIIa. The inclusion of emicizumab in clinical practice guidelines was valued positively by the members of the panel. Overall, value of emicizumab was higher than activated prothrombin complex concentrate and recombinant factor VIIa, mostly because of efficacy and therapeutic benefit in reducing treated haemorrhages. Reflective Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis has proven to be a feasible method to determine the value contribution of comparative therapies in haemophilia.
Designing the microstructure of routines
Authors: Steinberger Tom , Jung Ju Yeon
Published: October 2019

Coordinating organizational routines is a strategic challenge in contexts ranging from healthcare to software development. Yet, we have few theories of the design of routines. This paper compares field data on routines at two Korean restaurants to theorize their design. We identified a core coordination challenge as the need for concurrency—the simultaneous coordination of diverse activities of indeterminate order. The restaurants enabled concurrency using distinct solutions for providing information to agents about their routine activities. We normatively frame these solutions as firm-level strategies for coordinating routines based on uniformity (providing information about fixed sequences of activities) or compatibility (providing information about particular performances of activities). While prior work assumes strategies for coordinating routines depend on extensive codification, our framework shows how extensive codification is specific to a uniformity strategy. We argue that the compatibility strategy characterizes how firms increasingly coordinate routines amid blurring firm boundaries and discuss implications for landscape design.
The tail wagging the dog: the diagnostic accuracy of first rank symptoms
Authors: Townsend Leigh , De Giorgi Riccardo
Published: October 2019

Outcomes for people with schizophrenia are improved by expedient diagnosis and specific treatment. ICD-11 and DSM-5 have reduced the importance of Schneider's first rank symptoms (FRS) in the diagnosis of schizophrenia; however, FRS may still offer a useful triage tool for the early identification of schizophrenia and initiation of antipsychotic therapy in high-demand and resource-poor settings. This commentary considers a Cochrane review that assesses the diagnostic accuracy of one or multiple FRS in diagnosing schizophrenia in adults and adolescents.
Oxaliplatin-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Rectal Cancer After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy (ADORE): Long-Term Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hong Yong Sang , Kim Sun Young , Lee Ji Sung , Nam Byung-Ho , Kim Kyu-pyo , Kim Jeong Eun , Park Young Suk , Park Joon Oh , Baek Ji Yeon , Kim Tae-You , Lee Keun-Wook , Ahn Joong Bae , Lim Seok-Byung , Yu Chang Sik , Kim Jin Cheon , Yun Seong Hyeon , Kim Jong Hoon , Park Jin-hong , Park Hee Chul , Jung Kyung Hae , Kim Tae Won
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE

We evaluated the role of oxaliplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with fluoropyrimidine monotherapy and total mesorectal excision (TME).

METHODS

The ADORE trial (adjuvant oxaliplatin in rectal cancer) is a multicenter, randomized trial in patients with postoperative ypStage II (ypT3-4N0) or III (ypTanyN1-2) rectal cancer after fluoropyrimidine-based preoperative CRT and TME. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive adjuvant chemotherapy either with FL (fluorouracil 380 mg/m2 and leucovorin 20 mg/m2) or FOLFOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, leucovorin 200 mg/m2, and fluorouracil bolus 400 mg/m2 on day 1, fluorouracil infusion 2,400 mg/m2 for 46 hours). Stratification factors included ypStage and participating center. Primary end point was disease-free survival (DFS).

RESULTS

A total of 321 patients were enrolled between November 19, 2008, and June 12, 2012. Six-year DFS rates were 68.2% in the FOLFOX arm versus 56.8% in the FL arm, with a stratified hazard ratio of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.43 to 0.93; P = .018) by intention-to-treat analysis. In the subgroup analysis for DFS, FOLFOX was favorable versus FL in patients with ypStage III, ypN1b, ypN2, high-grade histology, minimally regressed tumor, and an absence of lymphovascular or perineural invasion. Six-year overall survival rate was 78.1% in the FOLFOX arm versus76.4% in the FL arm (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.19; P = .21). In the subgroup analysis for OS, FOLFOX was favorable versus FL in patients with ypN2 and minimally regressed tumor.

CONCLUSION

Adjuvant FOLFOX improved DFS in patients with rectal cancer with ypStage II and III disease after preoperative CRT. Adjuvant FOLFOX may be considered on the basis of the postoperative pathologic stage in those who received preoperative CRT and TME.
Endocrine Regulation of Epimorphic Regeneration
Authors: Easterling Marietta R , Engbrecht Kristin M , Crespi Erica J
Published: October 2019

Studies aiming to uncover primary mechanisms of regeneration have predominantly focused on genetic pathways regulating specific stages in the regeneration process: wound healing, blastema formation, and pattern formation. However, studies across organisms show that environmental conditions and the physiological state of the animal can affect the rate or quality of regeneration, and endocrine signals are likely the mediators of these effects. Endocrine signals acting directly on receptors expressed in the tissue or via neuroendocrine pathways can affect regeneration by regulating the immune response to injury, allocation of energetic resources, or by enhancing or inhibiting proliferation and differentiation pathways involved in regeneration. This review discusses the cumulative knowledge in the literature about endocrine regulation of regeneration and its importance in future research to advance biomedical research.
Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in the Cardiometabolic Complications in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal PCOS
Authors: Torres Fernandez Edgar D , Huffman Alexandra M , Syed Maryam , Romero Damian G , Yanes Cardozo Licy L
Published: October 2019

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction. Women with PCOS have an elevated prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors that worsen after menopause. Liraglutide (Lira), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has shown beneficial metabolic effects in small clinic trials in reproductive-age women with PCOS. We have shown that chronic hyperandrogenemia in an experimental model of postmenopausal PCOS is associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile and upregulation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We analyzed the effect of Lira in the cardiometabolic profile, intrarenal RAS, and blood pressure (BP) in postmenopausal PCOS. Four-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were treated with DHT or placebo for 17 months. Lira administration during the last 3 weeks caused a bigger reduction in food intake, body weight, fat mass, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index in PCOS than in control rats. Moreover, Lira improved dyslipidemia and elevated leptin levels in PCOS. In contrast, Lira decreased intrarenal expression of RAS components only in the control group. Lira transiently increased heart rate and decreased BP in control rats. However, Lira did not modify BP but increased heart rate in PCOS. The angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor enalapril abolished the BP differences between PCOS and control rats. However, Lira coadministration with enalapril further reduced BP only in control rats. In summary, Lira has beneficial effects for several cardiometabolic risk factors in postmenopausal PCOS. However, hyperandrogenemia blunted the BP-lowering effect of Lira in postmenopausal PCOS. Androgen-induced activation of intrarenal RAS may play a major role mediating increases in BP in postmenopausal PCOS.
Gastric Ultrasound Imaging to Direct Perioperative Care in Pediatric Patients: A Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Boretsky Karen R. , Perlas Anahi
Published: October 2019

Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents carries significant risk in children in the perioperative period. Ultrasound imaging of the gastric antrum has been validated to predict gastric content and volume in both pediatric and adult patients, and yet clinical applications in pediatric patients are sparse. We report 2 cases of children presenting for elective surgery with uncertain volume of gastric contents. Bedside gastric imaging successfully identified “full stomachs,” and the information was used to direct care.
Imaging anatomy of the retrotympanum: variants and their surgical implications
Authors: Burd Christian , Pai Irumee , Connor Stephen
Published: October 2019

The retrotympanic anatomy is complex and variable but has received little attention in the radiological literature. With advances in CT technology and the application of cone beam CT to temporal bone imaging, there is now a detailed depiction of the retrotympanic bony structures.

With the increasing use of endoscopes in middle ear surgery, it is important for the radiologist to appreciate the nomenclature of the retrotympanic compartments in order to aid communication with the surgeon. For instance, in the context of cholesteatoma, clear imaging descriptions of retrotympanic variability and pathological involvement are valuable in pre-operative planning.

The endoscopic anatomy has recently been described and the variants classified. The retrotympanum is divided into medial and lateral compartments with multiple described potential sinuses separated by bony crests.

This pictorial review will describe the complex anatomy and variants of the retrotympanum. We will describe optimum reformatting techniques to demonstrate the structures of the retrotympanum and illustrate the associated anatomical landmarks and variants with CT. The implications of anatomical variants with regards to otologic surgery will be discussed.
Teaching “Shock Pathophysiology” by Flipped Classroom
Authors: Sadia Fatima Syeda , Hashmi Satwat , Rehman Rehana , Akbar Rozmeen
Published: October 2019

Objective: To assess usefulness of flipped style of teaching conducted as small-group format in Cardiovascular and Respiration module for Year-I undergraduate medical students at Aga Khan University.

Methods: The study was planned and conducted over a period of eight months from March to October 2017 including the time taken for planning, mock run, execution followed by analysis and dissemination. It was carried out at the Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi. Pre and post test scores of students after flipped class room sessions was compared. Moreover, perception of students was assessed on Likert scale (0-4) by a pretested validated questionnaire.

Results: The mean pre-test scores of the students was 4.86 ± 0.91 which improved to 6.09 ± 0.81 (p = 0.021) after attending the flipped class session. Students approved that the frame work helped to promote their learning motivation and engagement with improvement in understanding of the course materials and enhancement of learning during Face to Face activity.

Conclusions: The flipped classroom approach showed promise in teaching and learning of ‘Pathophysiology of Shock’ by clinical scenarios in small group discussions. Implementation of flipped class room activity on a wider scale however needs careful selection of course objectives and logistics.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1211

How to cite this:Fatima SS, Hashmi S, Rehman R, Akbar R. Teaching “Shock Pathophysiology” by Flipped Classroom. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1631-1635. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1211

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Genetic polymorphism of miRNA-196a and its target gene annexin-A1 expression based on ethnicity in Pakistani female breast cancer patients
Authors: Rahim Amena , Afzal Muhammad , Naveed Abdul Khaliq
Published: October 2019

Objective: To evaluate the association of miR-196a rs11614913 C/T genetic variation and its target gene annexin A1 mRNA expression with breast cancer risk in Pakistani female ethnicities.

Methods: This case control study, conducted from March 2017 to November 2018 included 295 breast cancer patients, 295 controls of three Pakistani ethnicities and archived 100 samples of cohort group for genotyping and expression profiling. Genotyping of miR-196a (rs11614913 C/T) was done by ARMS PCR technique. Annexin-A1 (ANXA1) mRNA expression was measured with qRT-PCR and detection of protein expression of ANXA1 was done by immunohistochemistry.

Results: CC homozygous genotype of miR-196a rs11614913 was present in 81.4% of cases and 73.9% controls. C/T polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with decrease risk of breast cancer (OR=0.25 (0.11- 0.58, p <0.05). Similar trend was seen with the minor T allele (OR=0.55 (0.39-0.77, p <0.05, and both dominant and recessive models (OR=0.64; p=0.02 and OR=0.26, p=0.00). In the KPK ethnic group significant decrease association with breast cancer risk was observed (OR= 0.22 (0.09-0.53, p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed loss of ANXA1 protein expression in 72 samples, and significant association was observed with pathological type p=0. 00 and triple negative receptor status p=0.03 and with genotypes of miR-196a p=0.00. Increase relative expression of 2.81± .88 by qPCR analysis of ANXA1 mRNA was noted with TT genotype.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that miR-196a rs11614913 C/T polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk and loss of protein expression in breast cancer in the Pakistani population.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1322

How to cite this:Rahim A, Afzal M, Naveed AK. Genetic polymorphism of miRNA-196a and its target gene annexin-A1 expression based on ethnicity in Pakistani female breast cancer patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1598-1604. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1322

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Nuclear magnetic resonance evaluation of inflammatory activity from chronic viral Hepatitis B
Authors: Dong Jinghui , Liu Yuan , Ye Huiyi , An Weimin , Ren Hongwei
Published: October 2019

Objectives: To discuss the value of applying magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to evaluate inflammatory activity from chronic viral hepatitis B.

Methods: One hundred forty-two patients with chronic viral hepatitis B who received treatment at The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 and 20 healthy persons in the control group who were scheduled to undergo nuclear magnetic resonance scanning and DWI examinations (b value = 0, 800 s/mm2), and the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were measured and compared with the biopsy results of hepatic tissue.

Results: The ADC value of the group with hepatitis B was lower than that of the healthy group (P<0.05), and the ADC value of the group with mild inflammation (G1) significantly differed from that of the group with moderate inflammation (G2) and that of the group with severe inflammation (G3-G4) (P<0.05).

Conclusions: Magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging technology has high clinical value for evaluating the inflammatory activity from chronic hepatitis B, and the measured ADC value corresponds to the pathological grade well, so this method is worth clinical promotion and application.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1364

How to cite this:Dong J, Liu Y, Ye H, An W, Ren H. Nuclear magnetic resonance evaluation of inflammatory activity from chronic viral Hepatitis B. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1565-1569. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.1364

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Magnetic resonance evaluation of knee osteoarthritis among the Saudi Population
Authors: Alrowali Majed Gorayan
Published: October 2019

Background and Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent worldwide joint degenerative disorder with high morbidities and disabilities. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in Arar by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: The prevalence of KOA was studied in Arar through MRI evaluation of randomly chosen sample from patients and their relatives attending the Prince Abdul Aziz Bin Mussad Hospital from October 2015 to November 2016.

Results: A total of 410 participants were enrolled in the study [328 (80%) male and 82 (20%) females]. After MRI, 163 participants [39.75% (95% CI) = 35.14 - 44.57%)] were diagnosed with KOA. The prevalence of OA was about 25.6% (95% CI = 20.8 - 31.1%) below the age of 40 years, which was found to increase by age in the enrolled volunteers. KOA prevalence was higher in females than males (75.6% and 27.7% respectively). There was a significant association between the age and genders of the participants and the prevalence of OA (p-value < 0.0001 for both variables). There was also a significant association between the age and gender of the participants and the MRI-estimated grading (p-value < 0.0001 and 0.0044 respectively).

Conclusion: KOA is a common disease among Arar young population, especially females. Its prevalence increases by age with higher grades of severity affecting the elderly.

Abbreviations:KOA: Knee osteoarthritis, MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging, OA: Osteoarthritis.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.874

How to cite this:Alrowaili MG. Magnetic resonance evaluation of knee osteoarthritis among the Saudi Population. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1575-1581. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.874

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Mια οικοσυστημική προσέγγιση των παραγόντων κινδύνου και ανθεκτικότητας στα παιδιά από διαζευγμένες οικογένειες
Authors: Καρέλα Χριστίνα Αντώνιος , Πετρογιάννης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: October 2019

Η παρούσα εργασία επιχειρεί να προσεγγίσει τους παράγοντες κινδύνου και ανθεκτικότητας σε παιδιά από διαζευγμένες οικογένειες βάσει της οικοσυστημικής θεωρίας του Urie Bronfenbrenner. Συγκεκριμένα παρουσιάζονται σχετικά ευρήματα, όπως προέκυψαν από την επισκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας, για την επίδραση ορισμένων εκ των σημαντικότερων παραγόντων του διαζυγίου στη συναισθηματική ευεξία των παιδιών. Οι παράγοντες αφορούν σε οντογενετικά χαρακτηριστικά του παιδιού (π.χ. φύλο, ηλικία, ικανότητα αντιμετώπισης στρεσογόνων καταστάσεων), σε βασικά δομικά και λειτουργικά χαρακτηριστικά του μικροσυστήματος της διαζευγμένης οικογένειας (π.χ. γονικές συγκρούσεις πριν το διαζύγιο, ποιότητα σχέσης γονέα-παιδιού και γονικό στρες), σε χαρακτηριστικά των μεσοσυστημικών σχέσεων (π.χ. ευχέρεια επικοινωνίας με άλλο γονέα και σχέσεις μεταξύ διαζευγμένων γονέων), σε χαρακτηριστικά του εξωσυστήματος (π.χ. δίκτυα κοινωνικής υποστήριξης, επαγγελματική κατάσταση διαζευγμένου γονέα και ικανοποίηση από τη ζωή) και τέλος σε μακροσυστημικές αντιλήψεις και πεποιθήσεις για τις νέες μορφές οικογενειακής οργάνωσης. Κλείνοντας, υπογραμμίζεται η ωφέλεια της χρήσης ολιστικών προσεγγίσεων στη σχετική με το διαζύγιο έρευνα και γίνονται προτάσεις για περαιτέρω μελέτη του πεδίου.
The Role of Group Vitality in Managing Project Teams of an FMCG Company
Authors: Шарян Ануш , Sharyan Anush
Published: October 2019

The present article describes an investigation of the group resilience role in FMCG project team management. Group resilience scale comprises seven dimensions (alignment, forecasting, adaptation, interchangeability, bounce back, accumulation of communication resources, self-organization) which were identified from the literature review and confirmed by the in-depth interviews with the project managers working in FMCG company. An intensive research (Case Study) of a single FMCG organization in which the author examined in-depth data relating to several variables reveled that project teams with high group resilience have better outcomes in difficult work environments. Outcomes could provide a better understanding of group resilience role in FMCG project management.
Características das instalações e equipamentos para a prática de atividade física em escolas da zona rural de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Müller Werner de Andrade , Krüger Gabriele Radünz , Domingues Marlos Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi descrever as instalações e equipamentos para atividade física nas escolas da zona rural de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base escolar, realizado no ano de 2014, em todas as 26 escolas localizadas na zona rural da cidade de Pelotas. Foi utilizado um instrumento com questões relacionadas às políticas de Educação Física e avaliação das estruturas e materiais para a prática de atividade física, elaborado a partir do Physical Activity Resource Assessment (PARA), adaptado para o ambiente escolar. Observou-se que o professor e a disciplina de Educação Física estiveram presentes em todas as escolas. Mesmo com a maior frequência de estruturas como quadras esportivas (34,6% a 65,4%), pracinha/parquinhos (76,9%) e materiais como bolas (50,0% a 84,6%), cones (80,8%), cordas (88,5%), colchonetes (80,8%) e arcos (76,9%), as condições dos atributos foram regulares (7,7% a 46,2%) e ruins (11,5% a 50,0%). Poucas instituições ofereceram instalações e equipamentos em condições adequadas para a prática de atividade física. A ausência de ginásios, quadras cobertas e materiais em melhores condições chama a atenção para a necessidade de investimentos e intervenções nesses espaços.
nadpis testovaciho clanku v social sciences
Authors: Modreprijmeni Nejaky
Published: October 2019

abstract dalsiho clanku
Taking a holistic approach to acute mental health crisis
Authors: Cook Amy
Published: October 2019

An innovative, collaborative model implemented by a UK ambulance service allows patients presenting with a mental health condition to be promptly assisted by a specialist team comprising a paramedic, mental health nurse and police officer. Initial evidence suggests that greater collaboration between emergency services and mental health trusts benefits patients and services: leading to timely assessments, reductions in patient distress levels, and decreasing emergency department overcrowding while providing substantial savings for the NHS. This article explores existing care pathways for patients experiencing acute mental health crisis. Current research from the UK is discussed, and compared with working practices of paramedics internationally. Through reflection of a case study, common difficulties faced in paramedic practice are identified. A multi-agency response to ensure the right care is provided in the right place at the right time is proposed.
Outsiders, fairy tales and rainbowism in South African comedies: Soweto Green: This is a ‘Tree’ Story (Lister, 1995) and Fanie Fourie’s Lobola (Pretorius, 2013)
Authors: Mdege Norita
Published: October 2019

This article uses a sociological approach to analyse David Lister’s Soweto Green: This is a ‘Tree’ Story (1995) and Henk Pretorius’ Fanie Fourie’s Lobola (2013). Although both films, made nearly twenty years apart, fall under the broad category of ‘rainbow nation’ comedies, they indicate a shift in the representations and understanding of South African identities from the highly politicized identities of the 1990s to the emergence of hybrid identities. This shift provides insights into the ways in which post-apartheid South African society has evolved, while at the same time maintaining some continuities. Analysing comedies is particularly useful because the success of comedy depends highly on the social perceptions and world-views of the audience. Thus, comedies can provide great insights into the economic and sociopolitical conditions of the societies within which they emerge. The article will also explore the ideological implications of embedding rainbowism within fairy-tale romances.
Imagining mid-nineteenth-century Beirut as a ‘City of the World’: Public intellectuals, photography, cartography and historical literature
Authors: Sakr Rita
Published: October 2019

This study explores the process of constructing mid-nineteenth-century (1858–76) Beirut as a city of the world not merely through its gradual material instantiation in mechanisms of technological modernization and in the built environment but also, more emphatically and enduringly, as a product of the cultural imagination. The article engages the ethico-political parameters of a ‘crisis of representation’ in the context of both the selected historical period that is one of geopolitical crisis, specifically the 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus that brought refugees, military and diplomatic intervention into Beirut, and our ongoing era of intensive contestation and critical attention to Beirut’s urban heritage. This contrapuntal framework of geocreativity invites an examination of the output of mid-nineteenth-century Beiruti intellectuals and missionaries (including newspapers, public lectures, the encyclopaedia and the memoir), alongside mid-nineteenth-century photography and cartography by military and civilian visitors to Beirut, and twenty-first-century Lebanese historical literature, particularly Rabī‘ Jabir’s Bayrūt trilogy (2003–07), that recreates mid-nineteenth-century Beirut as a city of the world from the perspectives of the archive and the consciousness of the city’s post-war transformations.
Cinepulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Baron Jaimie
Published: October 2019

One pronounced effect of Fruhauf's Blow-Up is the discomfort it produces due to the sound of breathing that accompanies the image. In this reediting of footage demonstrating CPR, not only are the dummy and the discarded footage resuscitated; we are also forcibly synched to the rhythm of this archival fragment.
Performing CPR on celluloid in Blow-Up
Authors: Boczkowska Kornelia
Published: October 2019

The article analyses how Blow-Up counteracts the Freudian death drive through hybridizing the materialist-digital dimension of the CPR imagery and the sonic-haptic experience of breathing. Consequently, while operating within the structural film and expanded cinema framework, Fruhauf symbolically embodies the celluloid, hence 'resuscitating' both the archival and contemporary cinematic material.
Editing memory in Remembrance
Authors: Finch Zach
Published: October 2019

Remembrance demonstrates how Alfred, and indeed everyone, must edit memory and sensory information to act with purpose. To accomplish this, the film portrays a character's struggles with an extreme form of photographic memory, synaesthesia, and newfound convictions through its expressive editing.
Memory, emotion and espionage in Remembrance
Authors: Furstenau Marc
Published: October 2019

Remembrance presents the themes of memory and emotion in the context of espionage activities during Second World War. Combining familiar elements of the war film, the spy film and the melodrama, Remembrance effectively evokes these cinematic traditions while presenting the cinema itself as a technological form of memory.
The taste of a name
Authors: Murphy Paula
Published: October 2019

Remembrance is analysed in relation to memory as data, as nostalgia and as cinema. It is argued that the film presents a view of memory that is personal, embodied and resistant to co-option, exemplified in Alfred's demonstration of the difference between memory and remembrance.
Identification of Staphylococcus species isolated from preputium of Aceh cattle based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis
Authors: Hambal Muhammad , Admi Masda , Safika Safika , Sari Wahyu Eka , Ferasyi Teuku Reza , Dasrul Dasrul , Balqis Ummu , Darmawi Darmawi
Published: October 2019

Aim: This research aimed to identify Staphylococcus species isolated from preputial swabs of healthy Aceh cattle, based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis.

Materials and Methods: The bacterium was isolated from preputial swabs of healthy Aceh cattle. The total DNA from the isolated bacteria was extracted using the Genomic DNA Mini Kit followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. The product of PCR amplification was then sequenced and aligned to the known sequences in the GenBank database by multiple alignments and was also analyzed by bioinformatics software to construct a phylogenetic tree.

Results: The results revealed that the bacterial isolate 3A had genetically closed relation to Staphylococcus pasteuri with <97% maximum identity. Data derived from the phylogenetic tree revealed that the bacterial isolate 3A was also related to Staphylococcus warneri, yet, it shows a different evolutionary distance with the ancestors (S. pasteuri).

Conclusion: The results of this research suggested that the bacterium 3A, isolated from preputial swabs of healthy Aceh cattle, is a Staphylococcus species.
STRUKTUR TULANG DAN OTOT SIRIP KAUDAL KOMPLEKS Andamia heteroptera Bleeker (IKAN AMFIBI)
Authors: Nugroho Susanto Gatot
Published: October 2019

Andamia heteroptera, known as rockskipper fish, is one of amphibious fish. Most of amphibious fish use caudal fin to facilitate locomotion in land and water. The modification is fusion of os hypural and reduction-fusion os epural and uroneurals. The aim of this study was to  acces skeleton and musculature structure of A. heteroptera caudal fin. Alizarin red-Alcian blue staining revealed that caudal fin of A. heteroptera has wider spina hemalis and spina neuralis support the locomotion. There is modification of caudal fin structure for support the locomotion. Caudal fin musculature of A. heteroptera is identified as primitive type, since its lack of musculus hypochordal longitudinalis.
PENINGKATAN SINTASAN LARVA IKAN KERAPU SUNU (Plectropomus leopardus) MELALUI MANAJEMEN PEMELIHARAAN YANG SESUAI
Authors: Kusumawati Daniar , Asih Yasmina Nirmala , Seti Ketut Maha
Published: October 2019

Survival rate of coral trout seed produced from aquaculture was relatively low. In 2015, high mortality was found at the early stage of larval development (<D10), approximately 64.37 % of the total production. There has been no standard management for coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus) larval rearing, which was used to adopt management for grouper (Epinephelus spp.) larval rearing. This study was to apply suitable management for coral trout larval rearing into aimed to decrase mortality at early stage larval development and to increase survival rate. There were two different managements in this study: A. applying the results of previous research of coral trout larval rearing from 2004 to 2015, and B. using standard management for grouper larval rearing. The results showed that management A was more suitable management for coral trout larval rearing compared to management B. Management A resulted in the increasing of survival rate by five times (p=0.0056) and of growth rate at early stage by 1.15 times (p=0.2338) higher than those of management B.
HUBUNGAN SEBARAN MAMALIA KECIL DENGAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN DI HULU DAS CITANDUY, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Maharadatunkamsi Maharadatunkamsi
Published: October 2019

Citanduy watershed is one of major watersheds in Java that located through north to south covering four regencies, these are: Ciamis, Tasikmalaya, Garut and Cilacap. As a consequences of environmental changes, this watershed that covering an are about 473.967 ha has faced in deterioration on its roles. This research was aimed to study on the distribution of small mammals at the upper of Citanduy watershed according to their habitat and altitudinal changes. Results indicated that 20 species of small mammals clustered in three groups of habitat. Group 1 consisted of small mammals that occupied the habitat of mixed pines-calliandra. Group 2 comprised of small mammals lived at secondary forest, bambu plantation, and mixed secondary forest-bamboo; and group 3 were mainly occupied shrub. In addtion, an altitude was also affected the distribution of small mammals in the area surveyed. The results of this study are to be used as a basic information that describe the quality of upper Citanduy watershed.
PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 TERHADAP PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG Helicoverpa armigera (HUBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)
Authors: Ginting Sempurna , Santoso Teguh , Munara Yayi , Anwar Ruly , Sudirman Lisdar
Published: October 2019

Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most important agricultural pests because it has a high reproductive rate and resulted in economic losses. One of the H. armigera control techniques that is in accord with IPM principle is the utilizing of entomopathogenic fungus. The aim of this research was to test the pathogenicity of Lecanicillium (Lecanicillium sp. PTN01) against H. armigera. Pathogenicity test was conducted by conidia application of Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 on both the larvae and eggs at density of 105, 106, 107 conidia/ml. The control group was only treated with steril water. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for molecular identification Lecanicillium sp. PTN01. The results showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 able to inhibit egg hatching 13.75%, and cause mortality of first instar larval survival 98.75%. The result of virulence test to the highest larval mortality at 107 conidia/ml density was 41,25%, with the values of LT25, 50, 75 were 3.95, 7.12, 12.82 (days) and LC25, 50, 75 were 4.6 x 105, 1.7 x 106, 4.6 x 109 (conidia/ml). The DNA sequence analysis of ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers showed that Lecanicillium sp. PTN01 was similar to fungus species L. kalimantanense strain BTCC F23 with 94% homology.
VARIASI INTERSPESIFIK JULANG (AVES: BUCEROTIDAE) INDONESIA BERDASARKAN GEN CYTOCHROME-B DNA MITOKONDRIA
Authors: Jarulis Jarulis , Solihin Dedy Duryadi , Mardiastuti Ani , Prasetyo Lilik Budi
Published: October 2019

Genetic information of Indonesian hornbills (Julang) is still limited. We sequenced the cytochrome b gene of three hornbill species (Rhyticeros undulatus, R. plicatus, and Aceros cassidix) to explore their genetic variation, distance, and phylogenetic. Nine blood samples for Cyt b from three hornbill species were isolated with Dneasy® Blood and Tissue Kit base on Spin-Column Protocol, Qiagen. SNP, genetic distance, and phylogeny were calculated by MEGA 6.0 software. This study was found variations in the Cyt b gene sequence (849 bp) between three species Indonesian Julang. Rhyticeros undulatus had the most SNP compared to R. plicatus and Aceros cassidix. Substitution of synonyms is more common than substitution of synonyms and transition substitution frequency tends to be much higher than transversion substitution. The three species of Indonesian Julang were markedly separate with an average genetic distance of 5.25%. and separated with the outgroup species at a genetic distance of 9.43%. Cytochrome b sequence genes from these three hornbill species are novel for identifying and classifying hornbills, and could be applied to prevent illegal poaching and conservation management in Indonesia.
ISOLASI GEN SITRAT SINTASE BAKTERI Pseudomonas aerugenosa PS2 DARI RIZOSFER POHON KRUING (Dipterocarpus sp.) UNTUK MODEL KONSTRUKSI METABOLISME SEL MIKROALGA BERKARBOHIDRAT RENDAH
Authors: Susilaningsih Dwi , Umoro Asahedi , Ochieng Fredrick Onyango , Widyaningrum Dian Noverita , Susanti Hani , Susilo Hadi , Swastika I Nengah , Widyastuti Utut
Published: October 2019

Pseudomonas has the potential ability for production of citrate synthase synthesis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa could synthesize the enzyme of citrate synthase which is most likely compatible with microalgae cell. Pseudomonas aerugenosa can be found in the rhizosphere of Kruing (Dipterocarpus sp., Dipterocarpaceae). This bacteria is commonly used in agriculture purposes because it is able to synthesize organic acid such as citric acid. These organic acids are synthesized from a reaction between oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA, catalyzed by citrate synthase (CS) in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). Rhizosphere as microbial sources was obtained from Kruing (Dipterocarpus sp.), which was collected from ‘Carita’ Research Forest, Pandeglang, Banten, West Java. Citrate synthase gene-specific primers were designed based on citrate synthase gene sequences as depicted in Genbank. The isolation and amplification showed that citrate synthase can be detected and purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa target and it consists of 1600 bp and encodes 509 amino acids. Based on BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analysis, CS genes that were successfully isolated had 92 % similarity with Pseudomonas aeruginosa type II citrate synthase. This CS gene is expected to be expressed in microalgae metabolism to divert the metabolism of carbohydrate formation into fatty acids.
Assessing feasibility of the forest trafficability map for avoiding rutting – a case study
Authors: Kankare Ville , Luoma Ville , Saarinen Ninni , Peuhkurinen Jussi , Holopainen Markus , Vastaranta Mikko
Published: October 2019

Information on forest trafficability (i.e. carrying capacity of the forest floor) is required before harvesting operations in Southern Boreal forest conditions. It describes the seasons when harvesting operations may take place without causing substantial damage to the forest soil using standard logging machinery. The available trafficability information have been based on subjective observations made during the wood procurement planning. For supporting forest operations, an open access map product has been developed to provide information on trafficability of forests. The forest stands are distributed into classes that characterize different harvesting seasons based on topographic wetness index, amount of vegetation, ground water height and ditch depth. The main goal of this case study was to evaluate the information of the static forest trafficability map in relation to the detected rutting within logging tracks measured in the field. The analysis concentrated on thinning stands since the effect of rutting is significant on the growth of the remaining trees. The results showed that the static trafficability map provided reliable and slightly conservative estimation of the forest trafficability. The majority (91.7%) of the evaluated stands were harvested without causing significant damage if harvesting was timed correctly compared to the trafficability information. However, it should be pointed out that the weather history at small scale, the skills of a driver, and effects of used machinery are not considered in the map product although they can have a considerable impact on the rutting.
Protokol Evaluasi Infeksi Bakteri Pre- dan Pasca-Transplantasi Hati Anak
Authors: Karyanti Mulya Rahma , Putri Nina Dwi , Oswari Hanifah
Published: October 2019

Infeksi pre- dan pasca-transplantasi hati dipengaruhi oleh gangguan sistem imunonlogi resipien karena penggunaan obat-obat imunosupresi. Komplikasi infeksi tersebut merupakan penyebab penting kejadian infeksi terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak anak yang menjalani transplantasi hati.  Obat-obatan profilaksis sebelum dan setelah operasi yang direkomendasikan disesuaikan dengan pola mikroba yang berkaitan di setiap rumah sakit. Uji tapis infeksi bakteri penting untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi pasca-transplantasi hati. Komplikasi terjadinya infeksi sekunder oleh bakteri disebabkan oleh karena penggunaan alat-alat invasif dalam jangka waktu yang lama seperti kateter vena sentral, kateter akses arterial, endotracheal tube, kateter ureter, dan sebagainya. Keberhasilan efektivitas pengobatan antimikroba ditentukan oleh pengelolaan pemasangan atau pelepasan semua alat invasif dan pengontrolan infeksi di rumah sakit.
Hubungan rasio netrofil limfosit dengan hipertensi arteri pulmonal pada anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan asianotik
Authors: Herlambang Galih , Widjaja Sri Lilijanti , Hafidh Yulidar , Salimo Harsono
Published: October 2019

Latar belakang. Hipertensi arteri pulmonal (HAP) merupakan komplikasi yang sering terjadi penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB). Peningkatan tekanan vaskular paru disebabkan oleh disfungsi sel endotel paru yang ditandai oleh inflamasi perivaskular. Rasio neutrofil limfosit (RNL) merupakan salah satu penanda biologis inflamasi yang murah dan mudah dan berhubungan dengan penyakit jantung.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan RNL dengan HAP pada anak dengan PJB asianotik.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang pada pasien anak usia 1 bulan – 18 tahun dengan penyakit jantung bawaan sianotik yang dirawat dan/atau poliklinik anak RSUD dr. Moewardi Surakarta antara Januari 2018 – Januari 2019. Diagnosis HAP berdasarkan pemeriksaan ekokardiografi Doppler. Semua subyek dilakukan pemeriksaan darah rutin lengkap. Analisis data dengan uji t tidak berpasangan, uji Mann Whitney dan uji chi square/fisher exact test. Hasil. Tiga puluh pasien PJB asianotik (aliran sistemik ke paru) terdiri atas 17 anak laki-laki, 13 anak perempuan. Hipertensi arteri pulmonal terjadi pada 17 pasien dan tidakHAP sebanyak 13 pasien. Defek PJB paling banyak defek septum atrium (DSA) dan defek septum ventrikel (DSV). Rasio neutrofil limfosit pada HAP lebih tinggi daripada tidak HAP pada anak dengan PJB asianotik (3,56±1,07 vs 2,04±0,34; p<0,001). Nilai cut off point RNL sebesar 2,355 dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0,901 dengan sensitivitas 84,2% dan spesifisitas 84,6%. Kesimpulan. Peningkatan RNL berhubungan dengan HAP pada anak dengan PJB asianotik.