bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Wisdom and Laboratory Experiment-Based Extension Booklet Development for Wadi Makers of Elementary-Educated and Dropout Society in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Dewi I. S. , Hastuti U. S. , Lestari U. , Suwono H.
Published: July 2021

Wadi is one of traditionally fermented food types using basic materials of fish, salt, and lumu. As nutritive traditional food, wadi quality needs to be developed and maintained through social education. Wadi production innovation has not been done yet by the wadi makers since their information is limited on production techniques for better quality wadi. To promote local wisdom conservation, non-formal education for low educated-wadi makers is needed using simple media. Laboratory experiment and local wisdom-based booklet development is intended to broad their mind and skill in wadi production in the rural areas of Central Kalimantan. This development followed the model of Peck (1988). It contained non-formal product oriented-education materials for the wadi makers. The booklet has been validated by experts in community education, biotechnology, and learning media, and applied to wadi producing communities. Assessment instruments for booklet validation refer to non-textbook assessment instruments (enrichment books). The results showed that the booklet could be well accepted by the users and possessed very good criteria of understanding and readability value.
Science Process Skills and Critical Thinking in Science: Urban and Rural Disparity
Authors: Tanti T. , Kurniawan D. A. , Kuswanto K. , Utami W. , Wardhana I.
Published: July 2021

The study focuses on the relationship between process skills and critical thinking in junior high school students in learning science. Besides, an interrelation between process skill and critical thinking skills was also investigated. The study used a mixed-method. A sample of this study is 689 students of total sampling technique. Quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 21 to find descriptive statistics in terms of mean, min, max while qualitative were analyzed in-depth interviews. The finding shows that the science process skill of students in learning science whether urban and rural areas are good categories. The independent sample t-test shows that studentsâ€™ science process skills in learning science in urban tend to be higher than in rural schools (p<0.01). Studentsâ€™ critical thinking in learning science for urban areas is high but for rural areas is a fair category, with significance p<0.001. The regression showed the level of contribution of studentsâ€™ science process skill influence as much as 51.5% for critical thinking. The other research result was found that studentsâ€™ science process skill affects critical thinking in learning science. Moreover, a comparison between studentsâ€™ science process skills and critical thinking based on their school location showed that urban is higher than rural.
The Level of Self-Regulated Learning and Self-Awareness in Science Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Atmojo S. E. , Muhtarom T. , Lukitoaji B. D.
Published: July 2021

The study aims to measure/determine the level of self-regulated and self-awareness in the science learning process, analyze students' self-regulated and self-awareness in science learning in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic. The design of this study was a modified experimental pre-test post-test control group design. This research was conducted from March to July 2020, with 200 research subjects divided into four classes. The research instrument consisted of questionnaires and test questions in the online form. The data obtained were analyzed using an analysis of scores and averages of the questionnaire filled out online. The subjects of this study were students who took science classes with a total of 200 students in the Elementary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Education, Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta. The results showed that the learning process of science could take place online using the Zoom application, Google Classroom, UPY e-learning, and WhatsApp group. Based on the analysis results, it is known that the average score of Self-Regulated Learning is 74.59 (good), the average score for Self-Awareness is 75.75 (good), and the average learning achievement is 74.59 (good). It can be concluded that this online science learning takes place to the maximum, has a value of usefulness that is seen from the average of independent learning numbers, self-awareness number, and student achievement, which are in good categories.
The Impact of Guided Inquiry Learning with Digital Swing Model on Studentsâ€™ Generic Science Skill
Authors: Khoiri N. , Huda C. , Rusilowati A. , Wiyanto W. , Sulhadi S. , Wicaksono A. G. C.
Published: July 2021

The low condition of studentsâ€™ Generic Science Skills (GSS) becoming a concern since GSS is an essential provision for millennial living in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The study aimed to measure the impact of guided inquiry learning on generic science skills by using the digital swing model. This research used the experimental method which involved 360 students of 12th grade from senior high school. The primary data of studentsâ€™ GSS were obtained from observations during activities and reports of practicum activities, then the resulting data were analyzed by t-test. The average of studentsâ€™ GSS in the experimental class was 3.32, which is included in the very good category. Meanwhile in the control class was 3.17, which is included in the good category. Based on the results of the t-test analysis, the score was 0.044, which means that there were differences between the experimental class and the control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of digital swing has a positive impact on studentsâ€™ GGS. The use of digital swing could stimulate the students to do the practicum activities which leads to the improvement of studentâ€™s GGS. However, this study is only focusing on the smaller angle; therefore, it is crucial for further research to set up the digital swing with the angle >15Â° to identify the effect on it.
On finite state automaton actions of HNN extensions of free abelian groups
Authors: Prokhorchuk V.
Published: July 2021

HNN extensions of free abelian groups are considered. For arbitrary prime $p$ it is introduced a class of such extensions that act by finite automaton permutations over an alphabet $ \mathsf{X} $ of cardinality $p$ and belong to $p$-Sylow subgroup of the group of automaton permutations over such $ \mathsf{X} $. As a corollary it implies that all corresponding HNN extensions are residually $p$-finite.
Special formulas involving polygonal numbers and Horadam numbers
Authors: Adegoke K. , Frontczak R. , Goy T.
Published: July 2021

Some convolution-type identities involving polygonal numbers and Horadam numbers are derived. The method of proof is to properly relate the generating functions to each other. Additionally, we prove a general non-convolutional result involving these number families and discuss some of the consequences.
The Leu72Met (rs696217 G>T) Polymorphism of the Ghrelin Gene Might Be a Protective Factor for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Tabaeian Seidamir Pasha , Mahmoudi Touraj , Sabzikarian Mohammad , Rezamand Gholamreza , Dabiri Reza , Nobakht Hossein , Asadi Asadollah , Farahani Hamid , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Zali Mohammad Reza
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing problem and the commonest cause of chronic liver disease throughout the world. Given the strong association between NAFLD and insulin resistance and obesity, as well as the central role of ghrelin in these metabolic disorders, we explored whether ghrelin (GHRL) and ghrelin receptor (GHSR) gene polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to NAFLD.

Methods: In this case-control retrospective study which was conducted between April 2010 and July 2013, GHRL (rs696217 or Leu72Met) and GHSR (rs2922126) gene polymorphisms were genotyped in 153 cases with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 157 controls using the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Results: The GHRL rs696217 “GT+TT” genotype or “GT” genotype compared with the “GG” genotype occurred less frequently in the patients with NAFLD than the controls and the differences remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors such as age and body mass index (p=0.018; OR=0.35, 95%CI: 0.14–0.84 and p=0.046; OR=0.40, 95%CI: 0.16–0.98, respectively). Furthermore, the GHRL rs696217 ‘T’ allele compared with ‘G’ allele was significantly underrepresented in the cases (p=0.007; OR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.15-0.76). Nevertheless, no significant difference was found for GHSR rs2922126 gene polymorphism.

Conclusions: Our findings suggested, for the first time, that the GHRL rs696217 or Leu72Met “GT+TT” genotype and “GT” genotype compared with “GG” genotype, as well as the “T” or Met72 allele compared with “G” or Leu72 allele had a protective effect for NAFLD susceptibility. However, other studies are required to confirm these findings.
Validation of the Reflux Disease Questionnaire for a Turkish Population
Authors: Hançerlioğlu Sadık , Bor Serhat
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims: Achieving the correct diagnosis and therapeutic success in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) depends on the patient‘s self-assessment. Therefore, valid and reliable patient-reported questionnaires are very important. When designing such measurement tools, researchers should focus on their validity, reliability, sensitivity, and, applicability. The reflux disease questionnaire (RDQ) largely meets these important requirements. This study aims to examine The RDQ’s psychometric characteristics for the Turkish society (RDQ TR ) and its validity in symptoms’ evaluation.

Methods: The sample of this study comprised 81 patients who were admitted to our institution, GERD study group outpatient clinic. The data collection forms used in the study were the case report forms and RDQ. Three weeks after the first interview, 30 patients were re-interviewed by the phone and the RDQ was re-administered. For the validity studies of the scale, language validity, content validity, and construct validity studies were used, and for the reliability studies, internal consistency and test-retest reliability methods were used.

Results: The content validity index of form was 0.95 (0.93-0.98). The performed factor analysis indicated 3 factors with an eigenvalue over 1.0. Those factors were responsible for 77.66% of the variance. The Cronbach‘s alpha values were 0.88 for regurgitation sub-dimension, 0.91 for dyspepsia sub-dimension, 0.86 for heartburn sub-dimension, and 0.92 overall. Intraclass correlation coefficient value of the scale was 0.94.

Conclusions: Our study highlights that the RDQ TR is reliable, valid, and responsive to change in Turkey patients with GERD symptomatology.
Validation and Performance of Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire (CLDQ-RO) in the Romanian Population
Authors: Taru Vlad , Indre Madalin Gabriela , Ignat Mina Dana , Forgione Antonnela , Racs Tamas , Olar Bianca Alina , Farcau Oana , Chereches Razvan , Stefanescu Horia , Procopet Bogdan
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims: Health-related quality of life is an essential part of managing chronically ill patients, including patients with chronic liver disease. Various methods are used to try to assess the quality of life ranging from generic to disease-specific questionnaires. Some of the results may reveal a novel connection to the disease‘s evolution, which is observed directly by the patient. This study aimed to validate and assess the chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ-RO) performance in the Romanian population.

Methods: A two-phase study was designed. The first phase consisted of linguistic validation of CLDQ-RO (translation and piloting), while in the second phase, the questionnaire was applied to patients with various chronic liver diseases. Statistical validation (reliability, structural, and construct validity) was performed using SPSS v20.0, and statistical significance was considered p<0.05.

Results: The CLDQ-RO was applied to 231 patients with chronic liver disease (14.3% with chronic hepatitis, 35.5% with compensated cirrhosis, and 50.2% with decompensated cirrhosis). The questionnaire showed excellent overall reliability (Cronbach‘s alpha=0.93) and good structural and construct validity, with most of the items in CLDQ-RO fitting in the domains of the original version of the questionnaire. There was a significant decrease in the overall score of the CLDQ-RO with the progression of disease (p<0.001), indicating a substantial impact of the decompensation event on health-related quality of life. Regarding the type of decompensation, ascites accurately predicted a lower quality of life (p=0.004).

Conclusions: The CLDQ-RO is a valid and disease-specific method for assessing patients‘ health-related quality of life with liver disease. Among the decompensation events, it seems that ascites seriously impacts the quality of life.
Whole brain radiotherapy with partial hair-sparing technique-a feasibility study
Authors: Williams Narelle , Boyle Frances , Hong Angela , Chan Hsien , Paton Elizabeth , Miller Kerryn , Moutrie Zoe , Mulrennan Sinead , Karle Bianca , Fobarty Gerald B
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is a common palliative treatment for brain metastases from solid tumours. Traditionally, it is given with opposed lateral fields causing total alopecia as hair-bearing scalp skin receives the full dose. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) can deliver WBRT with a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to larger metastases whilst minimising dose to critical structures such as the hippocampus. This feasibility study aimed to test the hypothesis that a reduced dose to the scalp using a VMAT hair-sparing WBRT protocol would spare scalp hair and reduce alopecia at four weeks post treatment without compromising disease control at three months. Methods: The Hair Spare study (01.07 WBRTMel sub-study SS01.13) was an investigator-initiated, prospective feasibility study. A VMAT hair-sparing WBRT protocol was developed to limit the dose to the scalp to 16 Gray (Gy) in 15 fractions. The primary objective was the rate of alopecia at 4 weeks post RT as measured by CTCAE v4 and clinician and patient perception. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed at baseline, one month and three months post treatment with validated instruments including European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QoL Questionnaire (QLQ-C15-PAL+4) plus four additional questions specifically relating to hair, a visual analogue scale (VAS) to measure the perception of hair loss severity, and the total Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia Distress Scale (CADS). Results: Nine patients with brain metastases from melanoma (6), breast (2) and lung (1) cancer were enrolled at the Mater Sydney Hospital, Crows Nest, Australia. At 4 weeks, 5 patients were evaluable: 4 reported moderate alopecia (CTCAE v4 Grade 2) and 1 reported mild alopecia (CTCAE v4 Grade 1). All 5 wore wigs or scarves to hide hair loss. Any amount of hair loss impacted QoL. Reduced hair loss compared to complete alopecia, as usually found with conventional WBRT, did not translate to a mean improvement in QoL. There was no symptomatic intracranial progression of disease while the patients remained on study. Two patients had MRI at 3 months, and both had evidence of intracranial progression of disease within the volume that had received prescription WBRT dose. From the data collected it seems that VMAT hair-sparing WBRT was well-tolerated. Conclusion: VMAT hair-sparing WBRT partially spared scalp hair at four weeks post WBRT and did not compromise symptomatic disease control during the study. The treating oncologists observed that the hair grew back quicker than with conventional WBRT, and that combined cytotoxic chemotherapy was additive to RT-induced alopecia. However, the study was not optimal in that data collection was hampered by patient availability. The patient population was too unwell to be followed up according to the protocol.
Wetlands’ generated natural assets through fishery and aquatic birds’ boosting prosperity and employments
Authors: Yadav RC
Published: July 2021

Some debates provoke that wetlands are serving as climate smoother, bring carbon sequestration and bring improvement in agriculture. These benefits can be visualized on corollary of function of oceans, but such benefits have no visible impact. The area extents of wetlands get build up, which rather add to environmental problems. This study presents innovative technology of treating waste water to create fresh water of sustainable supply usable for rearing fish which will be consumable by human, animals and birds. Study emphasized that when fishery product is surplus, it will be usable for extraction of iodine and other nutrient supplement and the remaining part as tank aged enriched manure of organic nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P). It revealed that entire process will involve several tasks to be accomplished by candidates of different scientific and technical skills. The products so processed will be usable within country as well as become items for export. The different tasks will provide employ opportunities better than those of past and present ongoing Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) with respect to higher wage, payment, reducing hardship and maintaining dignity of human labor. Part of revenue can be kept as reserve fund to supplement any emergency situation such as that happened during pandemic COVID-19. The study sets alternative method of huge wasteful expenditures on river action programs. Thus, countries will have contemporary economic growth not affected by climate change. The coastal wetlands similar to those of within any country will have protection from sea actions; hence it will provide resilience against any emergency situation.
Embryonic and larval development of Labeobarbus megastoma and Labeobarbus platydorsus(pisces: cyprinidae) in lake tana (Ethiopia)
Authors: Abdissa Belay
Published: July 2021

The information on the early ontogeny of the endemic Labeobarbus megastoma and Labeobarbus platydorsus fish species of Lake Tana are absent. In this paper we describe for the first time the full developmental sequence from egg to fingerling in controlled conditions. In addition, information on larval behavior, identification and developmental rates are provided. Embryonic development lasted 50:30h (26.3°C) and 61:38 (23.4°C) for the two species L. megastoma and L, platydorsus respectively and larval development to the morphology until the fry became very similar to the adult fish lasted 40 days (24.4°C). The mean total length of the newly hatched larvae of L. megastoma and L. platydorsus were 5.7±0.03 and 6.4±0.03mm respectively. The larvae hatched with closed mouth and anus, unpigmented eyes, large yolk and complete yolk absorption and exogenous feeding started on day 10 (8.9±0.07 and 10.5±0.12mm TL for L. megastoma and L. platydorsus respectively). The first posterior swim bladder aeration completed 5 days and 5 days and 6 h with 8.4±0.06 and 8.2±0.08mm TL for L. megastoma and L. platydorsus respectively and show full juvenile pigmentation and behaviour on the 41st day.
Dry eye syndrome: a new look at etiopathogenesis and treatment
Authors: Rudkovska OD
Published: July 2021

Computer syndrome” or dry eye syndrome (DES) is asthenopia and dryness of the cornea and conjunctiva. The supposed cause of “computer syndrome” is an excessive constriction of the pupil and accommodation weakness. The article offers to use mydriatics in mild cases and laser mydriasis in severe cases in a complex of treatment. It is also suggested leaving slight myopia and physiological astigmatism while refractive surgery, contact and spectacle correction of myopia, so that the pupil does not narrow sharply and does not overstrain accommodation system, that is, there would be no conditions for the DES occurrence. The apparatus treatment, vision hygiene and healthy lifestyle are also required for a complete restoration of the working capacity of the accommodative muscles in case of DES.
Filsafat Hukum Sosiologis (Sosiological Jurisprudence); Konsep dan Aktualisasinya Dalam Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Rahmatullah Indra
Published: July 2021

Selain eksistensi hukum yang dibuat oleh negara, terdapat hukum yang hidup dan berkembang dengan sendirinya di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Hukum ini ada karena dipraktikkan sangat sering sehingga menjadi tolok ukur pedoman kehidupan masyarakat. Di sebuah negara, terkadang terdapat dua macam hukum yang berlaku yaitu hukum yang dibuat negara dan hukum yang hidup di masyarakat (the living law). Seringkali hukum negara tertinggal dinamikanya dari hukum yang hidup di masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, Negara wajib menghormati, mengakomodasi dan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan the living law.
Corporate Governance Practices and Disclosure of Risk Management Sharia Bank in Asean
Authors: Utami Wiwik , Oktris Lin , Rini Rini , Yulianti Nur Wachidah
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The risks faced by Islamic banks are similar to conventional banks. Therefore, Sharia Banks must also carry out risk management disclosures. This study aims to examine the effect of governance, including the Sharia Supervisory Board, Independent Commissioner, Audit Committee, Risk Committee, the doubling of the Sharia Supervisory Board Position, and the frequency of meetings on the quality of risk management disclosures. The population is Sharia Banks in ASEAN; samples are selected purposively according to the data's completeness that can be accessed through the capital market website. Risk management disclosures are measured using the index of completeness of risk items revealed. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis. The study found that the number of audit committees and meeting frequency had a significant and positive effect on the quality of risk management disclosures. The number of Sharia supervisory boards has a significant effect on the negative coefficient. Other governance variables do not affect risk management disclosures.Keywords: Sharia Bank, Corporate Governance, Risk Management, Disclosure.Abstrak. Risiko yang dihadapi bank syariah hampir sama dengan bank konvensional. Oleh karena itu, Bank Syariah juga wajib melakukan pengungkapan manajemen risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh tata kelola antara lain Dewan Pengawas Syariah, Komisaris Independen, Komite Audit, Komite Risiko, penggandaan Jabatan Dewan Pengawas Syariah, dan frekuensi rapat terhadap kualitas pengungkapan manajemen risiko. Populasinya adalah Bank Syariah di ASEAN. Sampel dipilih secara purposif sesuai dengan kelengkapan data yang dapat diakses melalui website pasar modal. Pengungkapan manajemen risiko diukur dengan menggunakan indeks kelengkapan item risiko yang diungkap. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa jumlah komite audit dan frekuensi rapat berpengaruh signifikan dan positif terhadap kualitas pengungkapan manajemen risiko. Jumlah dewan pengawas syariah berpengaruh signifikan dengan koefisien negatif. Variabel tata kelola lainnya tidak mempengaruhi pengungkapan manajemen risiko.Kata Kunci: Bank Syariah, Tata Kelola Perusahaan, Manajemen Risiko, Pengungkapan.
Shari‘a a Customary Law?: An Analytical Assessment from The Nigerian Constitution and Judicial Precedents
Authors: Busari Jamiu Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Under the Nigerian legal classification, shari‘a, the Islamic legal system is classified as customary law. It is on these premises that the Muslims’ agitations for full-fledge shari‘a applications and declassification from being a customary law are always thwarted and termed “unconstitutional” by the shari’a antagonists while the Muslims and protagonists viewed the problems as judicial misinterpretations and legal incongruity.  In this study, with the adoption of an analytical approach, shari‘a and customary law are assessed from the provisions of the Nigerian Constitutions and some judicial precedents to unravel the actual position of shari‘a. It was then discovered that, despite the classification under the Nigerian legal system, shari‘a could not have been a customary law due to some factors which include its sources, divinity, permanency and universality.AbstrakDalam hukum Nigeria, hukum Islam atau syariah diklasifikasikan sebagai hukum adat.  Premis itulah yang menjadi agitasi upaya penerapan syariah secara penuh oleh umat Islam. Usaha untuk pendeklasifikasi  hukum adat selalu digagalkan dan dianggap  “inkonstitusional” oleh penentang syariah.  sementara  sebagian Muslim dan pendukung syariah memandang masalah tersebut sebagai salah tafsir yudisial dan ketidaksesuaian hukum. Dalam penelitian ini, dengan  memakai pendekatan analitis, syariah dan hukum adat dinilai untuk mempertegas dalam  ketentuan Konstitusi Nigeria berdasar  beberapa preseden yudisial untuk mengungkap posisi syariah yang sebenarnya. Kemudian ditemukan bahwa, meskipun klasifikasi di bawah sistem hukum Nigeria, syariah tidak bisa menjadi hukum adat karena beberapa faktor yang meliputi sumbernya, keilahian, keabadian,  dan universalitas.
The Dialectics of Customary Law and Islamic Law: An Experience from Dou Donggo Customs of Bima, Indonesia
Authors: Mutawali Muhammad
Published: July 2021

This article aimed to critically study the shift of Donggo Customs and traditions due to its dialectics with Islamic law. The Donggo customary law was based on the traditional practices and local wisdom of their ancestors, who were believed to have noble values and truth. Since the 17th Century, the dialectics signified by the Bima kingdom’s political system changes from the old customs into Islamic law. This has influenced all aspects of the Bima people’s live, including the Donggo community. The is qualitative research, with data from interviews and a document study. The present study reveals that the Donggo Community’s customary law, preserved and practiced today, results from dialectics between customary law and Islamic law. The practiced traditions include baja sentence, the flogging law, the Mbolo weki culture, Maja Labo dahu and Raju ritual. In Islamic law, such traditions are called `urf or al-`adah, which are living traditions in a society used as legal sources and recognized by Islamic legal scholars. Adat or customary law implemented by the Donggo indigenous people is considered substantially similar to Islamic teachings. So, Donggo customs, corresponding with the Islamic law (`urf shahih), are maintained, while the contradicting ones (`urf fasid)  are abandoned. Abstrak:Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara kritis pergeseran adat dan tradisi Donggo sebagai proses dialektika dengan hukum Islam. Hukum adat Donggo didasarkan pada praktik tradisional dan kearifan lokal nenek moyang mereka, yang diyakini memiliki nilai-nilai luhur dan kebenaran. Sejak abad ke-17, dialektika yang ditandai dengan sistem politik kerajaan Bima berubah dari adat lama menjadi hukum Islam. Hal ini telah mempengaruhi seluruh aspek kehidupan masyarakat Bima, termasuk masyarakat Donggo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dengan data dari wawancara dan studi dokumen. Kajian ini mengungkapkan bahwa hukum adat Masyarakat Donggo yang dilestarikan dan dipraktikkan hingga saat ini, merupakan hasil dari dialektika antara hukum adat dan hukum Islam. Tradisi yang dipraktikkan antara lain hukuman baja, hukum cambuk, budaya weki Mbolo, ritual Maja Labo dahu dan Raju. Dalam hukum Islam, tradisi semacam itu disebut `urf atau al-`adah, yaitu tradisi yang hidup dalam masyarakat yang dijadikan sumber hukum dan diakui oleh para sarjana hukum Islam. Adat atau hukum adat yang dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat adat Donggo secara substansi dianggap mirip dengan ajaran Islam. Jadi, adat Donggo yang sesuai dengan syariat Islam (`urf shahih) tetap dipertahankan, sedangkan yang bertentangan (`urf fasid) ditinggalkan.
Children Handling Procedure in Islamic Criminal Offense in Aceh
Authors: Analiansyah Analiansyah , Abubakar Ali
Published: July 2021

The Law of the Republic of Indonesia authorizes Aceh to implement shari’a law in various sectors, including jināyāt (Islamic criminal law). The Aceh Government issued qanuns (Regional Bylaws) which cover several jarimah (criminal acts), and its implementation becomes the authority of Shari’a Courts (Mahkamah Syar’iyyah) in Aceh. This additional authority is different from the authority of the Religious Courts (Pengadilan Agama) in other provinces in Indonesia. Judges in those courts do not receive any special education in criminal law, especially cases involving children that have been regulated in a special law. The additional authority in examining and adjudicating criminal cases for Shari’a Court has led to a new Human Resources (HR) problem. This article analyzes the process of handling children in shari’a Courts in Aceh using the lex specialis derogate legi generalis and the systematic lex specialis principles. The results show that the handling of Islamic criminal offenses involving children has been carried out by referring to existing laws and regulations according to the principle of specificity. Some weaknesses in human resources and infrastructure can be appropriately resolved by the Shari’a Courts and the Aceh Government. Abstrak:Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia memberikan kewenangan kepada Aceh untuk menerapkan syariat Islam di berbagai bidang, termasuk jināyāt (hukum pidana Islam). Pemerintah Aceh mengeluarkan qanun (Peraturan Daerah) yang mencakup beberapa jarīmah (perbuatan pidana) dan pelaksanaannya menjadi kewenangan Pengadilan Syariah (Mahkamah Syar’iyyah) di Aceh. Kewenangan tambahan ini berbeda dengan kewenangan Peradilan Agama di provinsi lain di Indonesia. Hakim-hakim di pengadilan-pengadilan tersebut tidak mendapatkan pendidikan khusus dalam hukum pidana, terutama kasus-kasus yang melibatkan anak-anak yang telah diatur dalam undang-undang khusus. Kewenangan tambahan dalam memeriksa dan mengadili perkara pidana di Mahkamah Syariah menimbulkan persoalan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) baru. Artikel ini menganalisis proses penanganan anak di Pengadilan Syariah di Aceh dengan menggunakan prinsip lex specialis derogate legi generalis dan systematic lex specialis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanganan tindak pidana Islam yang melibatkan anak telah dilakukan dengan mengacu pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada sesuai dengan asas kekhususan. Beberapa kelemahan sumber daya manusia dan infrastruktur dapat diselesaikan dengan baik oleh Pengadilan Syariah dan Pemerintah Aceh.
The Government’s Role in Decreasing Divorce Rates in Indonesia: A Study of Its Factors and Impacts in Aceh and South Sulawesi
Authors: Djawas Mursyid , Ridhwan Ridhwan , Devy Soraya , Husna Asmaul
Published: July 2021

This study discusses the increase in divorce rates in Indonesia, especially in Aceh and South Sulawesi. This study investigates factors affecting the increase of divorce rates and the role of the government in decreasing the divorce rates. This research is an empirical legal study that used structural functionalism theory and role theory. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and document studies. This study concludes that the factors that influence the increase in divorce rates in Indonesia, especially in Aceh and South Sulawesi, are economy, education, the lack of religious understanding, social media, early marriage, and the lack of empathy on the rights and obligations of husband/wife. As a result, the high divorce rate in Indonesia negatively affects children, families and the nation. The government's efforts to address this reality are by holding out pre-marital courses, preaching marriage sermons to strengthen family and prevent a divorce, holding happy family contests, and designing a marriage guidance module for brides and grooms. These efforts, in the sociology of law context, are the government's function and role in anticipating the increasing divorce rates so the social system stability can be maintained. Abstrak:Penelitian ini membahas upaya pemerintah dalam menurunkan angka perceraian  di Indonesia khususnya di Aceh dan Sulawesi Selatan. Studi ini mengkaji faktor-faktor  yang mempengaruhi tingginya perceraian dan dampak yang disebabkannya. Sumber data dalam penelitian hukum empiris  ini adalah kuisioner, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Data-data  tersebut kemudian diolah menggunakan  teori  fungsionalisme struktural dan teori peran. Temuan dalam penelitian menjelaskan bahwa penyebab meningkatkan perceraian di Aceh dan Sulawesi Selatan adalah ekonomi, pendidikan, kurangnya pemahaman agama, media sosial, pernikahan dini, dan kurangnya empati terhadap kewajiban suami/istri.  Tingginya perceraian ini berdampak negatif kepada anak, keluarga, dan bangsa. Upaya pemerintah untuk mengatasi kenyataan ini adalah dengan mengadakan kursus pranikah, khutbah nikah untuk memperkuat keluarga dan mencegah perceraian, mengadakan kontes keluarga bahagia, dan merancang modul panduan pernikahan untuk calon pengantin. Upaya-upaya tersebut, dalam konteks sosiologi hukum, merupakan fungsi dan peran pemerintah dalam menjaga stabilitas sistem sosial.
ANALYSIS OF MOISTURE CONTENT, CALORIFIC VALUE AND BURNING RATE OF CORNCOB AND KAPOK RANDU (Ceiba pentranda) SKIN BRIQUETTE
Authors: Huroeroh Anshori , Anggita Sheilla Rully , Kusuma Hamdan Hadi
Published: July 2021

Bio charcoal Briquette is a product made from biomass with a carbonization process and compressed with a certain shape. This study aims to examine the calorific value and burning rate of corncob and kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) randu (Ceiba pentranda) skin briquettes with variations in the composition of ingredients. The briquette were produced in 5 stages: First, the main material for cobs and kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) randu skin is dried in the sun for 3 days so that the weight of the ingredients is reduced by 20%. Second, the carbonization of the main material with a temperature of 400˚C for 60 minutes with a furnace and then materials that has been crushed is sieved with a sieve 50 mesh. Third, compressed briquettes with corncob composition and kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) skin in the following ratios of A (100%: 0%), B (75%: 25%), C (50%: 50%), D (25%: 75 %), E (0%: 100%) with 10% w/w tapioca starch as binder. Fourth, the dry the briquette under the sun for 3 days (20 hours) and roasted with a temperature of 100˚C for 60 minutes. Fifth, after dried, the samples were then characterized their moisture content, calorific value, and burning rate. The results show that the highest moisture content value in sample E is 3.3303% and the lowest moisture content in sample B (2.4587%). The highest calorific values are sample E which is 6195.05 Cal / grams. While the lowest calorific value was found in sample D (25% corn cobs and 75% kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) skin), which was 3803.96 Cal / grams. The lowest burning rate was found in sample E (100% kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) skin) with a value was 0.0448 grams / minute. While the highest burning rate was found in sample D (25% corn cobs and 75% kapok randu (Ceiba Pentranda) skin) with the value was 0.0622 grams/minute.
Simultaneous Seismic Inversion for Reservoir Characterization at Poseidon Field, Browse Basin, Australia
Authors: Sihotang Suleman Mauritz , Herawati Ida
Published: July 2021

Seismic inversion method has been widely used to obtain reservoir property in an oil and gas field. In this research, one of inversion methods known as simultaneous inversion is used to analyze reservoir characterization at Poseidon Field, Browse Basin. Simultaneous inversion is applied to partial angle stack data and result in volume of Acoustic Impedance (AI), Shear Impedance (SI) and Lame parameter (LMR). The objective of this study is to determine distribution of sandstone lithology with gas saturated in Plover reservoir formation. Sensitivity analysis is done by cross-plotting elastic and Lame parameter from five well log data and analyzing lithology type and fluid saturation. Based on those cross-plots, lithological type can be identified from AI, λρ, µρ and λ/µ parameters. Meanwhile, the presence of gas can be discriminated using SI, λρ, and λ/µ parameters. Gas-saturated sandstone presence is characterized by Lambda-Rho value less than 50 GPa g cc-1 and Lambda over Mu value less than 0.8 GPa g cc-1. Maps of each parameter are generated at reservoir interval. Based on those maps, it can be concluded that gas sand spread out in the eastern and western areas of research area.
Ohmic and Diamagnetic Currents Contribution on the Electromagnetic Penetration Depth of a Conducting Surface
Authors: Cahaya Adam Badra
Published: July 2021

Due to its conducting electron, metal is a good reflector for electromagnetic wave. An electromagnetic wave penetrating a metallic surface has a finite penetrating depth. There are two limit that are well studied in the physics textbooks. They are high frequency electromagnetic wave penetrating a metal with small conductivity and a static (low frequency) field penetrating a superconductor (metal with infinitely large conductivity). In this article we study the intermediate regime between these two limits. By setting the electric current density as the total sum of both Ohmic and Diamagnetic currents, we derive the penetration depth in the intermediate regime., we show the transition between these two limits.
English Teachers’ Perspectives on Challenges, Suggestions, and Materials of Online Teaching amidst the Global Pandemic
Authors: Nartiningrum Novrika , Nugroho Arif
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTMaintaining undisrupted learning during this pandemic becomes a challenge for teachers all over the world. In Indonesia, the practices of open online learning are not yet to be implemented. Online learning in Secondary school Year 7-9 level goes as far as internet-assisted learning or blended learning. Thus, previous research has not examined teachers' perspectives on full online learning as implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic. Considering this situation, EFL Secondary school Year 7-9 teachers’ perspectives, as one of the essential aspects of online learning, lack investigation. Therefore, the present study offers 20 EFL Secondary school Year 7-9 teachers’ insights regarding challenges, suggestions, and teaching materials needed during the Covid-19 outbreak. Drawing on qualitative data collected by means of self-written reflections and semi-structured interviews, the findings informed that poor internet signal disrupts the teaching process. Thus, the teachers suggest that maintaining a stable internet connection should become a priority. Then, easy access to online applications and websites is deemed necessary by teachers as material sources for online teaching. The results of this study contribute to the literature of English language teaching in response to the present-day phenomenon about online learning, particularly in Secondary school Year 7-9 level. ABSTRAKMempertahankan pembelajaran tanpa gangguan selama pandemic ini menjadi tantangan bagi para guru di seluruh dunia. Di Indonesia, praktik pembelajaran online terbuka masih belum diterapkan. Pembelajaran online di Sekolah Menengah tingkat 7-9 masih sejauh pembelajaran dengan bantuan internet atau pembelajaran campuran. Dengan demikian, penelitian sebelumnya belum mengkaji perspektif guru tentang full online learning sepertin yang diterapkan selama pandemi Covid-19. Mempertimbangkan situasi ini, perspektif guru EFL Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9, sebagai salah satu aspek penting dari pembelajaran online, belum diselidiki. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menawarkan perspektif dari 20 guru 20 EFL Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9 tentang tantangan, saran dan bahan pengajaran yang dibutuhkan selama wabah Covid-19. Berdasarkan data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan melalui refleksi yang ditulis sendiri dan wawancara semi-terstruktur interviews, temuan menginformasikan bahwa sinyal internet yang buruk mengganggu proses pengajaran. Oleh karena itu, para guru menyarankan bahwa menjaga koneksi internet yang stabil harus menjadi prioritas. Kemudian, aplikasi dan website online yang mudah diakses dianggap dibutuhkan oleh guru sebagai sumber materi pembelajaran online. Hasil penelitian ini berkontribusi pada literatur pengajaran Bahasa Inggris dalam menanggapi fenomena pembelajaran online saat ini, khususnya di tingkat Sekolah Menengah Kelas 7-9.
Teaching Practice during the Pandemic Outbreak: Perceptions of Pre-Service English Teachers
Authors: Rahmani Eka Fajar
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTCurrent studies report that a teaching practice program is important for pre-service teachers of English in providing real teaching experiences at school. However, since the Covid-19 outbreak, all school activities are transferred to online delivery mode, which led to teaching practice implementation to be conducted online. This transference must cause pre-service teachers to have different teaching practice experiences. Therefore, the study aims to discover pre-service teachers' perceptions regarding their teaching practice experience during the pandemic. This research was conducted to 114 seventh-semester students of the English Education Department of FKIP Pontianak. The methodology was a mixed-method where the quantitative procedure was first done, followed by the qualitative procedure. The data were gathered through questionnaires and interviews. The results indicated that the online teaching practice program brought various experiences resulting in “satisfying” and “unsatisfying” perceptions. In detail, more than 50% of participants agreed that despite the challenging situations they faced during the practice, they found the online teaching practice program beneficial, especially in providing broad teaching insights and experience. Hence, despite limitations to its ways of implementation, teaching practice program tends to shape positive teaching mindset and attitudes for pre-service teachers. ABSTRAKStudi saat ini melaporkan bahwa program praktik mengajar penting bagi calon guru Bahasa Inggris dalam memberikan pengalaman mengajar yang nyata di sekolah. Namun, sejak merebaknya wabah Covid-19, seluruh kegiatan sekolah dialihkan secara online, sehingga pelaksanaan praktik mengajar dilakukan secara online. Pemindahan ini harus menyebabkan para calon guru memiliki pengalaman praktik mengajar yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi calon guru tentang pengalaman praktik mengajar mereka selama pandemi. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 114 mahasiswa semester tujuh pada Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris FKIP Pontianak. Metodolog yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian campuran di mana prosedur kuantitatif dilakukan pertama kali, diikuti oleh prosedur kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program praktik mengajar online memberi berbagai pengalaman yang menghasilkan persepsi “memuaskan” atau “tidak memuaskan”. Secara rinci, lebih dari 50% peserta setuju bahwa meskipun menghadapi situasi menantang selama praktik, mereka menemukan program praktik mengajar online bermanfaat, terutama dalam memberikan wawasan dan pengalaman mengajar yang luas. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terlepas dari cara pelaksanaannya, program praktik mengajar selalu membentuk pola pikir dan sikap mengajar yang positif kepada guru prajabatan.
Indonesian Culture Influence Towards English Directive Acts Used by Senior High School Students
Authors: Tenridinanti Tamara Becce , Syahri Indawan , Abalos Maribel Casinto , Susanti Rini
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTIn uttering the English language, especially English directive acts, Indonesian people do not deliver it directly, but they convey it long-winded. It is influenced by the Indonesian culture that tends to convolute in explaining something which is different from the English-speaking culture that speaks straight to the point. The objectives of the study were to identify the common types of directive illocutionary acts and to describe how the Indonesian culture is represented in English illocutionary acts made by the students of SMA Negeri 10 Palembang. The method of the study was descriptive-qualitative. The data was collected from twenty-six participants of SMA Negeri 10 Palembang through the role-play technique. Results of this study showed eight common types of English directive acts: commanding, requesting, suggesting, forbidding, questioning, permitting, encouraging, and wishing. Besides, the resemblance between the Indonesian culture and illocutionary acts has an interconnection shown in culture transfer. In this this study in particular, questioning was the most dominant directive act, and this is because Indonesian people tend to ask first before uttering straight to the point and suggesting was the second most dominant whereas requesting was the least dominant.   ABSTRAKDalam pengucapan bahasa Inggris khususnya bahasa Inggris directive act, orang Indonesia tidak menyampaikannya secara langsung, tetapi menyampaikannya dengan bertele-tele. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh budaya Indonesia yang berbelit-belit dalam menjelaskan sesuatu yang berbeda dengan budaya Inggris yang berbicara langsung ke intinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis ilokusi direktif yang umum dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana kemiripan budaya Indonesia dalam ilokusi bahasa Inggris yang dibuat oleh siswa SMA Negeri 10 Palembang. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada dua puluh enam peserta SMA Negeri 10 Palembang melalui peragaan role play. Studi ini menunjukkan delapan jenis tindakan direktif bahasa Inggris yang umum seperti memerintah, meminta, menyarankan, melarang, mempertanyakan, mengizinkan, mendorong, dan berharap. Selain itu, kemiripan budaya Indonesia dengan ilokusi memiliki keterkaitan yang terlihat dalam transfer budaya. Dari penelitian ini, bertanya sangat dominan karena masyarakat Indonesia cenderung bertanya terlebih dahulu sebelum berbicara langsung ke pokok permasalahan. Dominasi kedua menunjukkan, dan yang terakhir meminta.