bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste Valorization to Obtain Valuable Products: An Overview
Authors: Blasi Alessandro , Verardi Alessandra , Lopresto Catia Giovanna , Siciliano Sarah , Sangiorgio Paola
Published: July 2023

The sustainable management of lignocellulosic agricultural waste has gained significant attention due to its potential for the production of valuable products. This paper provides an extensive overview of the valorization strategies employed to convert lignocellulosic agricultural waste into economically and environmentally valuable products. The manuscript examines the conversion routes employed for the production of valuable products from lignocellulosic agricultural waste. These include the production of biofuels, such as bioethanol and biodiesel, via biochemical and thermochemical processes. Additionally, the synthesis of platform chemicals, such as furfural, levulinic acid, and xylose, is explored, which serve as building blocks for the manufacturing of polymers, resins, and other high-value chemicals. Moreover, this overview highlights the potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste in generating bio-based materials, including bio-based composites, bio-based plastics, and bio-based adsorbents. The utilization of lignocellulosic waste as feedstock for the production of enzymes, organic acids, and bioactive compounds is also discussed. The challenges and opportunities associated with lignocellulosic agricultural waste valorization are addressed, encompassing technological, economic, and environmental aspects. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the valorization potential of lignocellulosic agricultural waste, highlighting its significance in transitioning towards a sustainable and circular bioeconomy. The insights presented here aim to inspire further research and development in the field of lignocellulosic waste valorization, fostering innovative approaches and promoting the utilization of this abundant resource for the production of valuable products.
Simulation and Design of an Underwater Lidar System Using Non-Coaxial Optics and Multiple Detection Channels
Authors: Chen Yongqiang , Guo Shouchuan , He Yan , Luo Yuan , Chen Weibiao , Hu Shanjiang , Huang Yifan , Hou Chunhe , Su Sheng
Published: July 2023

The efficacy of underwater laser detection is considerably impacted by the intense attenuation of light resulting from the scattering and absorption effects of water. In this study, we present the simulation and design of the underwater Lidar system that integrates the paraxial multi-channel detection strategy to enhance the dynamic range in subsea environments. To evaluate the performance of the system with multiple detection channels, we introduce a multi-channel underwater Lidar simulation (MULS) method based on the radiative transfer Lidar equations. Experimental validations were conducted under varied water conditions to assess the performance of the prototype and validate the simulation results. The measured range accuracy of each channel in the prototype is better than 0.1085 m, and the simulated and measured waveforms exhibit strong correlations, verifying the reliability and validity of the simulation method. The effects of transceiver configuration and the maximum detectable range of different detection methods were also discussed. Preliminary results indicate that the paraxial multi-channel design effectively suppresses near-field backscattering and substantially enhances the maximum detectable range. The findings presented in this study may provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of future underwater laser detection systems.
An Effective Method of Infrared Maritime Target Enhancement and Detection with Multiple Maritime Scene
Authors: Ding Chang , Luo Zhendong , Hou Yifeng , Chen Siyang , Zhang Weidong
Published: July 2023

Aiming at maritime infrared target detection with low contrast influenced by maritime clutter and illumination, this paper proposes a Modified Histogram Equalization with Edge Fusion (MHEEF) pre-processing algorithm in backlight maritime scenes and establishes Local-Contrast Saliency Models with Double Scale and Modes (LCMDSM) for detecting a target with the properties of positive and negative contrast. We propose a local-contrast saliency mathematical model with double modes in the extension of only one mode. Then, the big scale and small scale are combined into one Target Detection Unit (TDU), which can approach the “from bottom to up” mechanism of the Visual Attention Model (VAM) better and identify the target with a suitable size, approaching the target’s actual shape. In the experimental results and analysis, clutter, foggy, backlight, and dim maritime scenes are chosen to verify the effectiveness of the target detection algorithm. From the enhancement result, the LCMDSM algorithm can achieve a Detection Rate (DR) with a value of 98.26% under each maritime scene on the average level and can be used in real-time detection with low computational cost.
Machine-Learning-Based Electric Power Forecasting
Authors: Chen Gang , Hu Qingchang , Wang Jin , Wang Xu , Zhu Yuyu
Published: July 2023

The regional demand for electric power is influenced by a variety of factors, such as fluctuations in business cycles, dynamic linkages among regional development, and climate change. The valid quantification of the impacts of these factors on the demand for electric power poses significant challenges. Existing methods often fall short of capturing the inherent complexities. This paper addresses these limitations by proposing a framework, which integrates machine-learning techniques into regional electricity demand forecasting. Regional electricity generation firms could then leverage the power of machine learning and improve the accuracy and robustness of electric power forecasting. In this paper, we conduct extensive numerical experiments using an actual dataset from a large utility firm and other public data sources. The analysis indicates that the support vector regression model (the SVR model) has high accuracy in predicting the demand. The results show that socio-economic development is the major driver of growth in electricity demand, while weather variability is a key contributor to the seasonal fluctuations in electricity use. Furthermore, linkages among regional development and the status of development of the green economy become increasingly important influencing factors. The proposed forecasting approach helps the regional electricity generation firms reduce a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions.
Contributions of the 5G Network with Respect to Poverty (SDG1), Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Cabanillas-Carbonell Michael , Pérez-Martínez Jorge , Zapata-Paulini Joselyn
Published: July 2023

Poverty is one of the biggest problems in the world caused by the lack of resources necessary to meet the basic needs of human survival. Ending global poverty is one of the main tasks of large organizations around the world, as well as the United Nations has established 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the first goal being the “eradication of poverty”. On the other hand, 5G technology has been considered one of the most important revolutions in the digital era and has been highlighted for its ability to improve people’s quality of life. As this technology expands around the world, it is important to understand how it could contribute to poverty reduction, a major global challenge. To carry out this literature review work, various sources of information were used, with a total of 329 articles from which 49 relevant articles were obtained. It was identified that the sectors with the greatest contribution to poverty reduction are Government, Society, and Agriculture. It was also found that the most relevant 5G technology that influences poverty reduction on a larger scale is the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. Being applied mainly in precision agriculture and Smart Cities. This review provides a reference point for the analysis of the use of 5G technologies in different sectors, with the aim of promoting equality and economic inclusion in rural areas and future research on the various factors that affect poverty reduction.
Assessment of Biological and Ecological Characteristics of Sievers Apple Tree Pests in Trans-Ili Alatau, Kazakhstan
Authors: Jashenko Roman , Tanabekova Gulzhanat , Lu Zhaozhi
Published: July 2023

This research aimed to evaluate the occurrence of three significant pests, namely the apple ermine moth (Y. malinellus Zell.), the rosebush leaf roller (A. rosana L.), and the hawthorn leaf roller (C. crataegana Hb.), commonly found in Sievers apple trees. The research was conducted within the Ili-Alatau state national natural park, focusing on populations of the Sievers apple tree on the northern slope of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountain range. The study revealed varying pest abundances across different monitoring sites within the park. The apple ermine moth (Y. malinellus Zell.) exhibited lower occurrence compared to A. rosana L. and C. crataegana Hb. The Aksai and Kuznetsov Gorge populations of the Sievers apple tree showed higher susceptibility to the ermine moth. The rosebush leaf roller (A. rosana L.) was dominant in the Aksai and Oi-Zhailau populations, while the hawthorn leaf roller (C. crataegana Hb.) exhibited higher abundance in several monitoring sites. Phenological studies revealed that Y. malinellus Zell. have a life cycle of one year, the developmental stages of A. rosana L. last for approximately 9–10 months, and the life cycle of C. crataegana Hb. is also one year. The data obtained allowed us to assess pest status, which will hopefully help in developing protective measures for suppressing their outbreak in the region.
Belt Rotation in Pipe Conveyors: Failure Mode Analysis and Overlap Stability Assessment
Authors: Santos Leonardo S. , Macêdo Emanuel N. , Ribeiro Filho Paulo R. C. F. , Cunha Adilto P. A. , Cheung Noé
Published: July 2023

Pipe conveyors provide sustainable solutions for environmentally sensitive or topographically complex powdered and bulk-solid handling processes; however, belt rotation is among the most critical failure modes of these equipment, influencing engineering, operational, and maintenance activities throughout the conveyors’ lifecycles. Position changes in the overlap are mechanical responses to uneven contact forces between the vulcanizing rubber belt and the idler rolls, owing to the highly nonlinear process of the belt folding from a trough to a tubular shape, and no method for quantifying the belt’s stability is currently available. In this study, we analyzed the failure mode of belt rotation and proposed a linearized model of an overlap stability index to evaluate the resilience of the overlap position through a case study of a short-flight curved pipe conveyor. Our proposal considers an interference model between the simulated torque of a curved flight in a pipe conveyor and the calculated torque of its equivalent straight flight by using kernel-smoothed density functions. It is adapted to incorporate adjustment factors for the filling degree based on simulations, the effect of the overlap in the forming force of the belt, the remaining useful life of the belt, and the coefficients of friction between the belt back cover and the idler rolls due to adhesion and hysteresis. An application was developed to calculate the belt’s rotational holding torque and rotary moment by processing real operational data, simulated contact forces, and the relevant equipment parameters. This analysis identified the reduced transverse bending stiffness and increased belt tension forces as the root causes for position changes with a loss of contact in the upper idler rolls of curved flights 10, 13, 15–16, and 17. The contributing factors included spots of augmented contact forces during the initial stages of the belt lifespan in curved flights 15–16, which presented unstable conditions due to increased opening forces, with an OSI of 0.8657. Furthermore, we proposed corrective and preventive action plans, an optimized replacement interval for the belt, and recommendations for design changes according to the relevant standards.
Logistical Assessment of Deep-Sea Polymetallic Nodules Transport from an Offshore to an Onshore Location Using a Multiobjective Optimization Approach
Authors: Shobayo Peter , van Hassel Edwin , Vanelslander Thierry
Published: July 2023

The increasing growth in the global population has led to a substantial demand for low-carbon energy infrastructure, metals, and minerals. This has put more pressure on land-based deposits, which have been unsustainably exploited over the years. As a result, attention has shifted towards exploring minerals in sea-based environments. Currently, industry and researchers have identified potentially commercially viable locations for the exploration of these nodules. However, significant knowledge gaps remain in the sustainable, efficient, and effective recovery and transportation of the nodules to onshore locations. To address these gaps, the study develops a logistics and cost model embedded in a multiobjective optimization (MOO) approach. This model considers several parameters, such as the production targets, port distance and location, storage capacity, vessel characteristics, transportation options, and cost inputs. By incorporating these parameters, the study analyzes different combinations of vessel classes and onshore locations and provides insights into optimizing offshore–onshore logistics and transportation options. The findings reveal that small and medium-sized vessels require lower storage capacity because they can complete more trips. Furthermore, the analysis reveals the cost of deploying additional vessels outweighs the benefits of reduced storage space for long-distance transport; therefore, smaller and medium-sized vessels are more suitable for locations closer to the offshore production site. Additionally, proximity to the onshore location is important, as it reduces transport costs and simplifies logistics operations. Subsequently, there is a need to have a reasonable buffer rate as this reduces the impact of potential disruptions during transport. From a managerial viewpoint, the study highlights the need to carefully consider vessel types based on transport requirements and journey characteristics. The analysis further identifies the benefits of having an onshore location close to the offshore production site. This will lead to optimized transport and logistics operations. Based on this, the study contributes to the body of knowledge in offshore logistics by developing a multiobjective optimization model for offshore–onshore transport logistics and cost analysis. This model provides a practical tool for informed decision-making and provides insight into vessel size and location considerations. Finally, the study establishes how simultaneous consideration of multiple factors in transport operations can lead to optimized and informed decision-making.
Durability Evaluation of Hydraulic Tunnel Lining Structure Based on Set Pair Analysis and Extension Coupling Model
Authors: Li Qingfu , Luo Zhuangzhuang , Zhao Guanming , Wang Mengyuan
Published: July 2023

A series of water diversion projects to address the uneven distribution of water resources in China have involved the construction of a large number of hydraulic tunnels. As the lining structure is there to maintain the stability and durability of the tunnels, durability damage can easily occur in the operation process, thus affecting the safety of water transmission and water supply capacity. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the durability of hydraulic tunnel lining structure. Considering the randomness and fuzziness of the factors affecting the durability of hydraulic tunnel lining structure, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation model based on the coupling of set pair analysis and extension. The G1 method and the simple correlation function method are used to determine the subjective and objective weights of the evaluation indexes, respectively, and the combination weight of them is assigned based on the principle of minimum entropy; next, the set pair analysis principle is used to establish the linkage affiliation function, which can calculate the comprehensive linkage affiliation of the object to be evaluated, and then the maximum affiliation principle is used to judge the durability level of the hydraulic tunnel lining structure. Finally, taking a section of hydraulic tunnel as an example, the model proposed in this paper is used to calculate its durability grade as Class III, with the set pair potential SHI(H) = 7.5856, which is consistent with the actual engineering practice, and a comparative study is done in combination with the AHP-Extenics method. It is verified that the evaluation model can scientifically and reasonably evaluate the durability of hydraulic tunnel lining structure, providing a basis for subsequent maintenance and reinforcement.
Biodiesel Production Using a Banana Peel Extract-Mediated Highly Basic Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst
Authors: Satapathy Ananya , Saikia Kankana , Rokhum Samuel
Published: July 2023

Greener methods for the production of nanoparticles (NPs) are highly investigated to minimize the harmfulness of chemical synthetic processes. In this study, CaO (calcium oxide) NPs were synthesized using extracts of banana (Musa acuminata) leaves. The precipitate of Ca(OH)2 (calcium hydroxide) obtained from the precursor Ca(NO3)2 (calcium nitrate) was calcined at 900 °C in a muffle furnace to form CaO. The catalytic activity of the prepared CaO was studied in transesterification of soybean oil. From the 1H-NMR analysis, a high soybean oil conversion of 98.0% was obtained under the optimum reaction conditions of 8 wt% of catalyst loading, 2 h reaction time, and a 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio at 65 °C temperature. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR spectroscopic studies of the product proved the formation of biodiesel. The CaO nanocatalyst was characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, and BET analyses. The average diameter of the catalyst was determined as 46.2 nm from TEM analyses. The catalyst can be used successfully even after five active reaction cycles without substantial loss in the activity of the catalyst.
Toward a Sustainable Blue Economy in the Coastal Zone: Case Study of an Industrialized Coastal Ecosystem in Greece
Authors: Pournara Anthi , Sakellariadou Fani , Kitsiou Dimitra
Published: July 2023

Representing 9% of the land worldwide, the coastal zone is a highly populated part of the land, where economic and social growth continuously arise. An expected consequence of rapid development on the coastal zone is the creation of significant environmental pressures connected to human activities. Within this framework, the need to use the ecosystem services concept under the prism of sustainable development has risen to increase the provision of services to the people through an ecosystem approach using the human–environment interaction. The aim of this paper is to form an integrated approach for sustainable blue economy in a coastal ecosystem, using the SDGs and the ecosystem services frameworks and exploring the interlinkages of the ecosystem’s parameters from both sides. The outcome of this study is the formation of a decision-making tool for sustainable blue economy in a coastal ecosystem, which classifies the SDGs with a specific factor, according to their importance for the sustainable blue economy, and helps stakeholders prioritize their actions toward the achievement of sustainability in the specific ecosystem. A case study of this approach is Elefsis Gulf, a coastal ecosystem in the eastern Mediterranean, located 18 km from the historic city of Athens, Greece.
Estimation of the Economic Opportunity Cost of Labour: An Operational Guide for Ghana
Authors: Jenkins Glenn P. , Sogah Richard , Othman Abdallah , Miklyaev Mikhail , Coşkuner Çağay
Published: July 2023

The implementation of projects often affects employment through direct job creation, indirectly stimulating employment or augmenting labour supply. These changes in employment have significant benefits and costs to both labour and society. However, the estimation of job creation benefits is complicated because of the large diversities in labour input. We attempt to address this issue by using the supply price approach to develop an analytical framework based on sound microeconomic principles to assist project analysts to arrive at justifiable empirical estimates of the economic opportunity cost (Кℓ) for a wide range of labour types across a set of diverse situations and market conditions in Ghana. The paper adopts the relevant literature regarding the specifics of labour markets and the peculiarities of different labour types. Accordingly, the Кℓ will vary by skill, location, and labour market conditions that need to be incorporated into its estimation. In this analysis, the estimation has been carried out to quantify the Кℓ, the conversion factor, as well as the labour externalities corresponding to the two types of labour: skilled and unskilled. Similarly, these estimates refer to groups of labour according to areas of residence: rural and urban.
The Protective Power of Cognitive Reserve: Examining White Matter Integrity and Cognitive Function in the Aging Brain for Sustainable Cognitive Health
Authors: Lin Lan , Jin Yue , Xiong Min , Wu Shuicai , Sun Shen
Published: July 2023

Sustainable cognitive health is heavily influenced by cognitive reserve (CR), which delays cognitive decline or reduces its severity by enhancing cognitive function through life experiences. The main objective of this study is to explore whether CR moderates the relationship between white matter integrity and cognitive function in cognitively intact older adults. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 5004 cognitively normal individuals aged 48–80 years from the UK Biobank, utilizing hierarchical regression analysis to estimate CR through five CR proxies and five skeleton-based diffusion measures. The study’s findings revealed that early fluid intelligence had a significant independent and moderating impact on cognitive performance, demonstrating its suitability as an individual CR proxy. Moreover, the composite proxy composed of early fluid intelligence and physical activity showed promise in promoting sustainable cognitive health. Importantly, this study represents one of the most extensive MRI investigations to unveil the substantial moderating effect of CR on the intricate relationship between white matter integrity and cognitive function based on a complete model. Notably, this study employed the NODDI method, which proved more advantageous than DTI in examining this interaction. Overall, this research constitutes a noteworthy and substantive contribution to our current understanding of the complex and intricate relationship between CR, cognitive function, and aging-associated cognitive decline, highlighting the importance of considering CR proxies in promoting sustainable cognitive health in aging populations.
Scientometric Analysis of Global Research on the Utilization of Geopolymer Composites in Construction Applications
Authors: Hwalla Joud , Bawab Jad , El-Hassan Hilal , Abu Obaida Feras , El-Maaddawy Tamer
Published: July 2023

This study conducts a scientometric review on the use of geopolymer mortar and composites in different construction applications. It aims to analyze the findings of past research and reveal the research constituents, development trends, and knowledge gaps. The Scopus database was employed to retrieve the relevant publications, while Bibliometrix was used to conduct the statistical analyses. Results revealed a steady and gradual increase in the number of publications after 2013, as the annual growth rate increased from 23.9% to 45.2% between the timeframes 2003–2013 and 2014–2022, respectively. The analysis highlighted that many authors collaborated on different construction applications of geopolymers regardless of geographic location. Meanwhile, Construction and Building Materials, China, and Universiti Malaysia Perlis were found to be the predominant journal, country, and institution, respectively. The scientometric analysis showed that the most frequently investigated applications for geopolymer mortars and composites were fire resistance, corrosion protection, and repair. Research gaps highlighted that other applications are not as well investigated despite the promising performance of the geopolymer composites, including 3D printing, heavy metals absorption, environmental protection, and underwater applications. Future research is required to assess the use of other alumina and silica-rich binders in geopolymers while also exploring their lifecycle assessment and economic impact.
Preparation of Slow-Release Fertilizer from Fly Ash and Its Slow-Release and Metal Immobilization Properties
Authors: Wang Yingqin , Chen Hao , Tian Dongyu , Yang Liyun , Bai Hao
Published: July 2023

In this study, SRPF with metastable KAlSiO4 as the main slow-release substance was prepared by the sintering method using fly ash and K2CO3 as raw materials, and an orthogonal experiment was conducted to optimize the raw material ratio and preparation parameters of SRPF. The optimum parameters for preparing SRPF are as follows: the potassium carbonate content is 15%; the sintering temperature is 1100 °C; heat preservation time is 60 min; cooling mode is furnace cooling, and the particle size of raw materials is not less than 150 μm. Initial leaching rates in water and 2% citric acid solution were 4.64% and 47.07%, respectively, and cumulative leaching rates at 28 days were 11.17% and 85.86%, respectively, showing that the SRPF prepared from fly ash and K2CO3 meets the standard GB/T 23348-2009 of China. A soil column leaching test was carried out to study the slow-release behavior of SRPF in soil. When the leaching medium is water, the 70-day cumulative leaching rate of SRPF in soil is about 4%, while when the leaching medium is citric acid, depending on the soil type, the 70-day cumulative leaching rate of SRPF can reach 21.2% and 43.5%. The results of the soil column leaching test showed that the total potassium content in the soil was negatively correlated with the slow-release rate of SRPF. Finally, the immobilization effect and mechanism of SRPF on lead ion immobilization was studied, and it was found that SRPF still had a considerable effect on lead ions immobilization. The BET results showed that, compared with fly ash, the BET surface area of SRPF was reduced by 48.3%, the total pore volume was reduced by 16.0%, and the average pore diameter had a small change. The decrease in total pore volume was mainly concentrated in the micropore volume and mesopore volume, which are reduced by 50% and 20% respectively, while the macropore volume hardly changes. In summary, fly ash can be used to prepare SRPF with a good release effect and similar heavy metal ions immobilization ability.
A Study on the Centroid of a Class of Solvable Lie Algebras
Authors: Yu Demin , Jiang Chan , Ma Jiejing
Published: July 2023

The centroid of Lie algebra is a basic concept and a necessary tool for studying the structure of Lie algebraic structure. The extended Heisenberg algebra is an important class of solvable Lie algebras. In any Lie algebra, the anti symmetry of Lie operations is an important property of Lie algebra. This article investigates the centroids and structures of 2n+2 dimensional extended Heisenberg algebras, where all invertible elements form a group and all elements form a ring. Then, its main research results are extended to infinite dimensional extended Heisenberg algebras.
Risk Control for Synchronizing a New Economic Model
Authors: Behinfaraz Reza , Bagheri Abdolmehdi , Ghavifekr Amir Aminzadeh , Visconti Paolo
Published: July 2023

Risk analysis in control problems is a critical but often overlooked issue in this research area. The main goal of this analysis is to assess the reliability of designed controllers and their impact on applied systems. The chaotic behavior of fractional-order economical systems has been extensively investigated in previous studies, leading to advancements in such systems. However, this chaotic behavior poses unpredictable risks to the economic system. This paper specifically investigates the reliability and risk analysis of chaotic fractional-order systems synchronization. Furthermore, we present a technique as a new mechanism to evaluate controller performance in the presence of obvious effects. Through a series of simulation studies, the reliability and risk associated with the proposed controllers are illustrated. Ultimately, we show that the suggested technique effectively reduces the risks associated with designed controllers.
Astragaloside IV Regulates cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway to Alleviate Immunosuppression Caused by PRRSV Infection
Authors: Song Ke , Yu Jia-Ying , Li Jiang , Li Miao , Peng Lu-Yuan , Yi Peng-Fei
Published: July 2023

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) poses a global threat to pig health and results in significant economic losses. Impaired innate and adaptive immune responses are evident during PRRSV infection. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a classical pattern recognition receptor recognizing mainly intracytoplasmic DNA, induces type I IFN responses through the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. It has also been demonstrated that cGAS-STING is involved in PRRSV infection. This study utilized the qRT-PCR, ELISA, and WB methods to examine the effects of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on the regulation of innate immune function and cGAS-STING signaling pathway in porcine alveolar macrophages. The results showed that AS-IV attenuated the decreased innate immune function caused by PRRSV infection, restored the inhibited cGAS-STING signaling pathway, and increased the expression of interferon, ultimately exerting antiviral effects. Moreover, these results suggest that AS-IV may be a promising candidate for a new anti-PRRSV antiviral, and its mechanism of action may provide insights for developing novel antiviral agents.
Nicotinamide Efficiently Suppresses Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus and Porcine Deltacoronavirus Replication
Authors: Li Mingxia , Zhang Liping , Pan Li , Zhou Peng , Yu Ruiming , Zhang Zhongwang , Lv Jianliang , Guo Huichen , Wang Yonglu , Xiao Sa , Liu Xinsheng
Published: July 2023

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), members of the genus Coronavirus, mainly cause acute diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration in piglets, and thus lead to serious economic losses. In this study, we investigated the effects of nicotinamide (NAM) on PEDV and PDCoV replication and found that NAM treatment significantly inhibited PEDV and PDCoV reproduction. Moreover, NAM plays an important role in replication processes. NAM primarily inhibited PEDV and PDCoV RNA and protein synthesis rather than other processes. Furthermore, we discovered that NAM treatment likely inhibits the replication of PEDV and PDCoV by downregulating the expression of transcription factors through activation of the ERK1/2/MAPK pathway. Overall, this study is the first to suggest that NAM might be not only an important antiviral factor for swine intestinal coronavirus, but also a potential candidate to be evaluated in the context of other human and animal coronaviruses.
Marine Heatwave Characteristics in the Makassar Strait and Its Surrounding Waters
Authors: Ningsih Nining Sari , Gunawan Sekar Ramdanira , Beliyana Erlin , Tarya Ayi
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of marine heatwaves (MHWs) in the Makassar Strait and adjacent waters (MSAW) using the Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISSTv2) dataset from 1982 to 2021. The analysis revealed a significant positive trend in the frequency and duration of MHWs, while the mean and maximum intensities displayed a negative trend over the 40-year period. By examining two different phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), it was observed that the cold phase (more frequent La Niña events than El Niño) had higher MHW frequency and duration, whereas the warm phase (more frequent El Niño events than La Niña) exhibited higher mean and maximum intensities. Moreover, the occurrence of high-intensity MHWs was associated with weakened winds, the decaying phase of El Niño and positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and high net surface heat flux (NSHF). An intriguing finding emerged, indicating a notable lag of 7–9 months (10 months) between El Niño (positive IOD) events and the emergence of high-intensity MHWs. This lag suggests that MHWs are more likely to manifest during the transition towards La Niña and negative IOD conditions. Additionally, the study highlighted a stronger correlation between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and MHW intensity in the MSAW compared to the IOD. Furthermore, the different intensities of MHWs were found to be linked to NSHF, which exhibited higher values during the warm phase of the PDO compared to the cold phase.
Is Gen Z So Different? An Analysis of the Impact of Comparative Advertising
Authors: Gajanová Ľubica , Nadányiová Margaréta , Majerová Jana , Kollár Boris , Pražáková Anna
Published: July 2023

Comparative advertising, the legislative regulation of which has long discouraged European companies from using it, has become an essential component of promotion in recent decades, although the approach of individual countries to it differs significantly and its influence varies depending on the cultural aspect, or the age of the recipients. The study deals with Generation Z, which differs from previous generations in general, and therefore it is not possible to use the same procedures and methods for them as for the rest of the population. The aim of the study was to find out whether comparative advertising is suitable for Generation Z as an extraordinary cohort and whether this segment of potential customers can be considered as a homogeneous group or a heterogeneous object for business marketing communication. It was determined whether Generation Z trusts this type of advertisement (ad believability) and whether this advertisement positively affects their purchase behaviour (purchase intention). Due to the nature of the research objectives, one-dimensional descriptive statistics and two-dimensional descriptive statistics for the evaluation of interdependent variables (Chi-square test) were used. Based on our research, it can be argued that Generation Z perceives comparative advertising differently from the rest of the population and cannot be subjected to the same processes as other generations.
The Influence of Advertising at the Point-of-Purchase on Shoppers and Brands: An Empirical Study in Convenience Stores
Authors: Silveira Paulo Duarte , Marreiros Cristina
Published: July 2023

The main purpose of this research is to understand the influence of shopper marketing and visual brand advertising at the point-of-purchase (PoP) on shopper behaviour and on the retailers-manufacturers relationship, particularly at small retail stores. Two related studies were conducted, with an integrated mixed methods approach. The first, qualitative in nature, used several samples with different purposes. Firstly, a sample of shopper marketing experts, aiming to characterise the shopper marketing approach and the strategic role of PoP advertising. This phase served as the main input for the subsequent phases of the study. The next sample was composed of retailers and manufacturers, with the purpose of understanding their perspectives on the role of brands’ visual advertising at convenience stores. The following study had a similar purpose but utilised a quantitative methodology, with 300 face-to-face interviews with shoppers at convenience stores. Globally, it was found that brands’ visual advertising at the PoP is a way for manufacturers to add value to their relationship with retailers, as well as a tool to increase sales for both parties. It was also found that only the brands’ primary visual advertisements at the PoP influence (some) elements of shopping experience, increase brand awareness and unplanned purchases. This research analyses different actors and samples on the shopper marketing field, thereby extending previous research. Another novelty of the research is that it was focused on convenience stores and was not directed to a single product or category, providing findings from a real shopping environment and on a type of store other than large supermarkets.
PENERAPAN TERAPI RENDAM KAKI MENGGUNAKAN AIR HANGAT PADA KELOMPOK LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI DI WILAYAH KALIJUDAN SURABAYA
Authors: Wiliyanarti Pipit Festi
Published: July 2023

Hipertensi merupakan penyakit yang sering dialami oleh lansia yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor antara lain jenis kelamin, keturunan, usia, pola makan yang tidak sehat, obesitas, dan aktivitas yang kurang. Pada kelompok lansia di wilayah RW 6 Kalijudan didapatkan  lansia menderita Hipertensi dengan berbagai keluhan, kurang memahami pengobatan dan perawatan hipertensi, nyeri tengkuk serta kekauan otot kaki. Keluhan tersebut  yang mengganggu aktifitas lansia sehingga menurunkan kualitas kehidupan kelompok lansia di wilayah tersebut. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah pendidikan kesehatan dan pendampingan lansia di RW 6 Kelurahan Kalijudan  berjumlah 10  orang lansia yang terdiagnosis hipertensi serta tidak rutin mengkonsumsi obat antihipertensi. Media yang digunakan adalah leaflet, lembar observasi, tensimeter jenis manual, peralatan rendam kaki. Hasil pengabdian  yang didapatkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan lansia tentang terapi rendam kaki air hangat dan pengaturan pola makan,  penurunan keluhan lansia dengan yang disebabkan hipertensi, penurunan  tekanan darah sistolik rata-rata 5-15 mmHg setelah diterapkan metode rendam kaki. Dari hasil pengabdian didapatkan lansia mampu mengetahui cara non farmakologi dalam menurunkaan tekanan darah, sehingga  terapi ini dapat diaplikasikan sebagai upaya terapi  yang mudah dilakukan secara mandiri oleh lansia. Pendampingan pada lansia yang beresiko hipertensi penting guna  mencegah komplikasi yang terjadi.
Resiliencia, bienestar psicológico eudaimónico, depresión, ansiedad y estrés en adultos venezolanos: un estudio predictivo
Authors: Rodríguez-Chávez Luis , Cabrera-Porras Ricardo
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate a predictive model of resilience on eudaimonic well-being, both global and by dimensions, as well as the predictive capacity of the aforementioned variables on depression, anxiety and stress. For this, a non-experimental investigation was proposed, by survey and cross-sectional, specifically of a predictive type, using the questionnaires: DASS-21, Ryff's Psychological Well-being and CD RISC-10, which were applied in person to 229 adults, with an age average of 48 years and predominantly women (83%) in the city of Caracas, Venezuela. The results indicate that resilience can predict global well-being (β = .52) as well as stress (β = -.15), while global well-being can predict depression (β = -.34), stress ( β = -.20) and anxiety (β = -.21). When analyzed according to the dimensions of well-being, it is found that resilience better predicts self-acceptance, purpose in life and personal growth (β between .40 and .55), and to a lesser extent the other dimensions, for their part, autonomy, mastery of the environment and positive relationships can predict anxiety, stress and depression (β between -.13 and -.23). In general terms, resilience plays an important role in predicting eudaimonic well-being, both globally and by dimensions, as well as stress, it also seems to be able to indirectly predict depression and stress through some of the well-being dimensions, which indicates a complex relationship when studying as well as intervening in symptoms associated with psychological discomfort. In addition, some recommendations for future studies are suggested.
Wedang Uwuh; A Natural Antioxidant from Yogyakarta
Authors: Lau Michelle Amanda , Suseno Batara Krisnawan , Sudradjat Susana Elya
Published: July 2023

Natural antioxidants are still favoured due to their high benefits and safety compared to synthetic ones. Wedang uwuh is one example of a traditional drink consisting of various spices (cinnamon, cloves, cardamom, sappanwood, nutmeg, and ginger) rich in antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the optimum infusion method of ready to drink wedang uwuh to achieve its maximum antioxidant potential. Two groups of wedang uwuh samples (grounded and ungrounded) were infused in hot water (90ºC) using tea bags in different timings (1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes). Then their antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay method. The results showed the highest when we infused grounded wedang uwuh  for 15 minutes with the IC50 value of 7.97 µg/mL. The smaller the particle size and the longer the infusion time yields lower IC50 value, thus achieving more potent antioxidant activity.
Hubungan Pengunaan Smartphone dengan Kejadian Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana Angkatan 2016
Authors: William William , Rumiati Flora , Homer Isalin Silvanny
Published: July 2023

Smartphone secara umum didefinisikan sebagai ponsel multifungsi yang menambahkan beberapa fungsi dari sebuah personal digital assistant (PDA) dengan telepon genggam atau telepon dengan kamera. Amerika Optometric Association (AOA) mendefinisikan computer vision syndrome (CVS) sebagai masalah mata dengan penglihatan yang berawal dari penggunaan komputer, electronic reader dan handphone yang berkepanjangan. Gejala yang paling umum terkait CVS adalah mata tegang,sakit kepala, penglihatan kabur, mata kering, dan nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan penggunaan smartphone dengan kejadian computer vision syndrome pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana Angkatan 2016. Penelitian ini merupakan desain cross sectional dengan subjek 75 responden. Teknik mengumpulkan data dan mengetahui kejadian CVS menggunakan kuesioner. Data di peroleh dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa prevalensi kejadian CVS sebesar 98,7% dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara durasi penggunaan smartphone dengan kejadian CVS (p 0,0404 > 0,05). Hal ini menunjukan bahwa hubungan durasi penggunaan smartphone tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian cvs di mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana Angkatan 2016.
Efektivitas Tanaman Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata) dan Senyawa Andrographolide dalam Menghambat Infeksi COVID-19 : Literature Review
Authors: Christina Shintia , Meta Kali Kristin Natalia , Angeline Reni
Published: July 2023

Andrographis paniculata (AP) telah lama digunakan sebagai bahan jamu oleh masyarakat lokal Indonesia karena tanaman tersebut mudah ditemukan di pekarangan rumah. Sejak terjadinya pandemi COVID-19 berbagai upaya penanganan dilakukan, mulai dari farmakologis dan non-farmakologis. Berbagai tanaman herbal yang berpotensi menjadi pengobatan COVID-19 mulai diuji, termasuk Andrographis paniculata. Untuk mengetahui manfaat dan mekanisme Andrographis paniculata dalam pengobatan COVID-19, dilakukan studi literature review dengan penelusuran data berupa jurnal ilmiah yang dipublikasi dalam 2 tahun terakhir sejak pandemi dimulai. Pada akhir hasil studi ini, Andrographis paniculata menunjukkan fungsinya dalam menghambat COVID-19 melalui mekanisme pencegahan perlekatan virus dengan reseptor permukaan sel dan penghambatan replikasi virus.
Gambaran Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Anak Dibawah Usia Lima Tahun (Balita) dengan Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan Tahun 2020-2021
Authors: William William , Wijaya Axel Thio , Pasaribu Donna Mesina , Hudyono Johannes
Published: July 2023

ISPA merupakan penyakit yang menyerang saluran pernafasan dengan gejala yang bermacam-macam. Penyebab terbesar ISPA adalah virus (90-95%), sehingga terapi yang diberikan adalah untuk mengatasi gejalanya. Pemberian antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunanaan antibiotik pada bayi dibawah usia lima tahun, dengan ISPA di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan pada periode 2020-2021. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observational deskriptif pada 50 subjek. Pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pasien ISPA memiliki gejala batuk (96%) dengan rentang usia 1-3 tahun (52%) dan berat badan lahir < 15 kg (92%). Status imunisasi dasar yang lengkap hanya 30%.  Sebagian besar pasien Balita dengan ISPA (80%) tidak mendapatkan antibiotik dan sebanyak 20% pasien Balita dengan ISPA menggunakan antibiotik yaitu amoksisillin. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa sesuai dengan etiologi dari ISPA pada Balita disebabkan virus, sebagian besar pasien Balita dengan  ISPA di Puskesmas Kelurahan Tanjung Duren Selatan tidak mendapatkan antibiotik (80%).
Kanker Prostat : Risiko dan pencegahannya.
Authors: Christina Shintia , Sanchia Hansel , Angka Rebecca Noerjani
Published: July 2023

Kanker prostat menduduki urutan kedua setelah kanker paru pada laki-laki. Faktor resiko kanker prostat  dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu yang tidak dapat diubah dan tidak dapat diubah. Faktor yang tidak dapat diubah adalah usia, etnis/ras dan riwayat keluarga. Faktor resiko yang dapat diubah adalah antropometri, merokok, kegiatan fisik dan pola makan.  Faktor resiko tersebut dari beberapa literature disebutkan dapat meningkatkan resiko untuk terjadinya kanker prostat. Pencegahan terhadap kejadian kanker prostat dapat dilakukan dengan memodifikasi pola hidup berdasarkan faktor resiko yang dapat diubah, seperti memodifikasi pola makan, berat badan dan aktifitas fisik.
IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS AND VACCINATION OF ATHLETES FROM COVID-19
Authors: D.A.Alieva  , A.A.Sadikov
Published: July 2023

This article provides data on the problems of immunoprophylaxis during the Covid-19 pandemic. The main changes concerning the body as a whole, as well as the immune system, are summarized. The problems of vaccination among the sports continent with a detailed algorithm are also considered.
KEYWORDS: coronavirus, Covid-19, vaccine, vaccination, immune system, immunoprophylaxis, athletes.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Kepemilikan Institusional, Struktur Modal dan Utang terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan
Authors: Trisnawati Ni Kadek Siska , Dewi Ni Luh Putu Sandrya , Novitasari Ni Luh Gde
Published: July 2023

This study aims to test and obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR), company size, ownership structure, capital structure and debt on the performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2019-2021.  The sample in this study were 25 banking companies which were determined using the purposive sampling method, namely the technique of determining the sample with certain considerations. The analytical method used to test the hypothesis is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of the study show that corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a positive effect on company performance. Meanwhile, company size, ownership structure, capital structure and debt have a negative effect on company performance.
Comparative Failure Analysis of Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Heat-Treated Materials
Authors: - Hasibur Rahaman
Published: July 2023

Heat treatment is a controlled process that uses the application of thermal energy to change the microstructure without implementing the melting process. Ferrous materials are used in improving the overall strength of the materials such as enhancing strength, ductility, and tensile strength. Heat treatment of non-ferrous alloys is usually defined as the property that determines to achieve the properties such as physical, electrical, mechanical, and magnetic.Failure aspects of the heat treatment for ferrous and non-ferrous materials might includethermal shocks during heat treatment and consideration of the contact of furnace near the walls of the container during heat operation.