bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Game-based Learning sebagai Alternatif Solusi Mengajar di Kelas Heterogen
Authors: Pranata Ogi Danika
Published: May 2023

Dua masalah utama untuk mengajar di kelas heterogen adalah penentuan materi dan cara mengajarkannya. Untuk itu pengajar harus kreatif dalam mendesain pembelajaran. Pembelajaran berbasis game (game-based learning) telah menjadi pilihan yang populer sebagai bagian dari lingkungan belajar dengan berkembangnya teknologi komputer dan smartphone. Namun pada kondisi kelas yang heterogen dan tanpa dukungan gawai, game-based learning diarahkan ke bentuk non-digital. Pengabdian melalui penerapan pembelajaran berbasis game (game-based learning) diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif solusi mengajar di kelas heterogen. Kegiatan pengabdian berbasis pada kebutuhan dari suatu komunitas (Community-Based Research, CBR). Komunitasnya terdiri dari pengurus pesantren dan santri Pesantren Tahfidz. Populasinya adalah 1 kelas heterogen yang terdiri dari 19 orang santri. Kelas ini bersifat heterogen karena yang terdiri dari 6 orang santri tingkat SD, 9 orang tingkat SMP, dan 4 orang tingkat SMA. Pengabdian dilakukan sebanyak enam pertemuan pembelajaran, dimana empat pertemuan untuk pembelajaran berbasis game dan dua pertemuan untuk evaluasi. Untuk materi pecahan, diperoleh rata-rata nilai yang cukup tinggi secara keseluruhan adalah 86,98. Nilai ini mengindikasikan bahwa pembelajaran berbasis game dapat membantu siswa dalam belajar dan meningkatkan kemampuan matematis siswa. Untuk materi koordinat, rata-rata nilai secara keseluruhan jauh lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan rata-rata pada materi pecahan, yaitu 65,79. Lebih lanjut pembelajaran berbasis game juga dapat meningkatkan motivasi, keaktifan, keberanian berpendapat, dan pemahaman materi. Melalui penerapan pembelajaran berbasis game ditemukan satu fakta menarik terkait proses pembelajaran, yaitu situasi pembelajaran yang dapat menjangkau santri dengan berbagai tingkatan. Jadi pembelajaran berbasis game dapat menjadi alternatif solusi mengajar di kelas heterogen.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN TRICHODERMA CAIR DI DESA SUNGAI LUMBAH KECAMATAN ALALAK KABUPATEN BARITO KUALA
Authors: Pangestu Ridho Fahlevie , Samudera Raga , Hasiani Yarna
Published: May 2023

Penggunaan bahan kimia dalam perlakuan pada kegiatan pertanian mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan. Penggunaan secara terus menerus bahan kimia dapat menimbulkan dampak trichode. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroorganisme seperti trichodema. Trichoderma berperan sebagai media yang dapat menambah unsur hara dalam tanah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut pembuatan trichoderma cair untuk diolah dan digunakan oleh masyarakat khususnya petani atau tricho tani di Desa Sungai Lumbah Kecamatan Alalak karena mempunyai potensi dalam hal lahan budidaya, sehingga kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pembuatan trichoderma cair ini mempunyai tujuan agar dapat memberikan wawasan serta meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai pemanfaatan produk pupuk ramah lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dengan cara presentasi, Tanya jawab, demonstrasi cara kepada masyarakat di Desa Sungai Lumbah Kecamatan Alalak Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Hasil Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pembuatan trichoderma cair diketahui para peserta aktif dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini dikarenakan mereka merasa bahwa produk yang dibuat yaitu trichoderma cair dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif penggunaan pupuk khususnya dalam pencegahan hama dan penyakit. Kesimpulan kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukan (1) Peserta sangat aktif dalam yang kegiatan dilaksanakan; (2) Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman dalam tahapan pembuatan trichoderma cair; (3) Adanya kegiatan lanjutan penyemprotan trichoderma cair pada kegiatan usahatani sasaran membuat sikap, minat dan antusias peserta untuk membuat dan menggunakan produk semakin meningkat.
TEKNOLOGI SILASE RANSUM KOMPLIT SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK ITIK DI DESA BARANA KECAMATAN BANGKALA BARAT KABUPATEN JENEPONTO
Authors: Purwanti Sri , A. Dagong Muhammad Ihsan , Syarif Ilham , Prahesti Kumandari Indah , A. Syamsu Jasmal
Published: May 2023

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Hasanuddin-Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PPMU-PK-M) bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak dalam manajemen pemeliharaan ternak itik khususnya pengembangan teknologi silase ransum komplit dalam memanfaatkan potensi sumber daya pakan lokal yang ada sebagai pakan alternatif untuk unggas khususnya itik. Target khusus yang ingin dicapai adalah terpenuhinya kebutuhan nutrisi ternak, khususnya ternak itik, dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya lokal dengan introduksi teknologi pengolahan pakan silase ransum. Permasalahan mitra yang menjadi fokus kegiatan adalah belum mengenal teknologi pakan alternatif dan pakan tidak tersedia secara kontinyu, serta manajemen pemeliharaan ternak itik  masih tradisional. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah melaksanakan penyuluhan dan demostrasi pengolahan silase ransum komplit, serta pendampingan manajemen pemeliharaan ternak itik. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman peserta terhadap materi yang disampaikan dapat dimengerti ditunjukkan dengan keaktifan peserta dalam diskusi dan interaksi selama berlangsungnya penyuluhan. Demonstrasi pembuatan silase ransum komplit mendapat respon yang sangat tinggi dari anggota kelompok ternak. Hal ini terlihat tingkat partisipasi dalam melibatkan diri dari setiap tahapan pembuatan silase ransum komplit dan peternak dapat melakukan sendiri. Kegiatan pendampingan dapat merubah pola pikir peternak dalam manajemen budidaya ternak itik bahwa memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi skala bisnis, dan mengharapkan kegiatan pendampingan dapat dilaksanakan secara berkesinambungan.
تاثير الظروف التشغيلية خلال المعاملة الهيدروجينية لنفط خام البصرة على محتوى الكبريتوالمعادن ونسب فصلهم
Authors: عبدالكريم محمد عبدالحليم , مهدي ابراهيم مزهر , طالب جارالله ايسر
Published: May 2023

تم معاملة نفط خام البصرة كاملا بالهيدروجين وكذلك المقطر الجوي المشق من نفط خام البصرة الذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى  623 كلفن والمقر الفراغي المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من 623 الى 823 كلفن وكذلك المقطر النفطي الواسع المشتق من نفط خام البصرة ايضا والذي مدى غليانه من بداية درجة الغليان الى 823 كلفن في مفاعل ثلاثي الاطوار باستخدام الكوبلت مولبيدنيوم المحمول على الالومينا كعامل مساعد. كانت حدود درجات حرارة التفاعل للنفط الخام 598 الى 648 كلفن  وحدود سرع السائل الفراغية 0.7 الى 2 ساعة -1 وكانت حدود درجات حرارة التفاعل للمقطر الجوي 598 الى 673 كلفن وللمقطر الفراغي 648 الى 673 كلفن وللمقطر النفطي الواسع 648 كلفن , اما حدود سرع السائل الفراغية فكانت للمقر الجوي 1 ساعة -1 وللمقطر الفراغي 0.7 الى 2 ساعة -1 , علما ان جميع هذه التفاعلات كانت تحت ضغط هيدروجيني ثابت 3 ميكاباسكال وباستعمال نسبة هيدروجين الى المغذي 300 لتر/لتر. من النتائج تبين ان محتوى الكبريت والفناديوم والنيكل في نواتج عملية المعاملة بالهيدروجين يقل بارتفاع درجة الحرارة وانخفاض سرعة السائل الفراغية.

تم مزج المخلف الفراغي (vacuum residue) المشتق من نفط خام البصرة الذي مدى غليانه اعلى من 823 كلفن مع المقطر الجوي المعامل بالهيدروجين والمقطر الفراغي المعامل بالهيدروجين ومع المقطر النفطي الواسع المعامل بالهيدروجين ايضا بنفس نسب وجودها في النفط الخام الاصلي, علما بان ظروف عملية المعاملة بالهيدروجين لجميع المقاطع التي خلطت مع المتبقي الفراغي هي درجة الحرارة 648 كلفن وسرهة سائل فراغية 1 ساعة -1 بهدف الحصول على نفط خام مهدرج باكثر من طريقة , وبتحليل النتائج وجد ان معاملة النفط الخام بالهيدروجين كاملا للنفط الخام الكامل في افضل طريقة, حيث تم الحصول من خلالها على اقل محتوى من الكبريت والفاديوم والنيكل.
Performance of Pulsator Clarifier (Low Turbidity)
Authors: K. AI-Dawery Salam , M. Hussain Raad , M. Shibeeb Kadhem
Published: May 2023

Experimental and theoretical investigations are presented on flocculation process in pulsator clarifier. Experimental system was designed to study the factors that affecting the performance of pulsator clarifier. These factors were water level in vacuum chamber which range from 60 to 150 cm , rising time of water in vacuum chamber which having times of 20,30 & 40 seconds , and sludge blanket height which having heights of 20,30 & 40 cm .The turbidity and pH of raw water used were 200 NTU and 8.13 respectively. According to the jar test, the alum dose required for this turbidity was 20 mg/l .The performance parameters of pulsator clarifier such as , turbidity ,total solid TS , shear rate , volume concentration of sludge blanket and the flocculation criteria were studied. It was observed that by decreasing the water level in vacuum tube and by increasing the rising time and sludge blanket height , low turbidity of output water attained. Moreover, flocculation criteria value GCt was within the optimum range values (100-500) .A theoretical models was applied for total solids TS of output water .The difference between experimental and theoretical data was ranged between (11-24)% of mean deviation at water level range of (125-150)cm and sludge blanket height 20 cm.
Performance of Dual-Media Down-Flow Rapid Gravity Filters
Authors: I. Abdul-Wahab Majid , N. AI-Ghanim Nada , H. Essebbag Baseem
Published: May 2023

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of variation of influent raw water turbidity, bed composition, and filtration rate on the performance of mono (sand) and dual media (sand and anthracite) rapid gravity filters in response to the effluent filtered water turbidity and headloss development. In order to evaluate each filter pe1formance, sieve analysis was made to characterize both media and to determine the effective size and uniformity coefficient. Effluent filtered water turbidity and the headloss development was recorded with time during each experiment.
Computer Aided Design for Spray Driers
Authors: A. AI-Hemiri Adil , N. Saleh Saad
Published: May 2023

The aim of this work is to develop an axi-symmetric two dimensional model based on a coupled simplified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Lagrangian method to predict the air flow patterns and drying of particles.  Then using this predictive tool to design more efficient spray dryers. The approach to this is to model what particles experience in the drying chamber with respect to air temperature and humidity. These histories can be obtained by combining the particles trajectories with the air temperature/humidity pattern in the spray dryer. Results are presented and discussed in terms of the air velocity, temperature, and humidity profiles within the chambers and compared for drying of a 42.5% solids solution in a spray chamber 2.22m in diameter with a cylindrical top section 2.00m high and a bottom cone section 1.725m high.
Drop Interface Coalescence in Liquid-Liquid System
Authors: K . Harweel Cecelia , M. Rasheed Asseel
Published: May 2023

This investigation is a study of the length of time where drops can exist at an oil-water interface before coalescence take place with a bulk of the same phase as the drops. Many factors affecting the time of coalescence were studied in is investigation which included: dispersed phase flow rate, continuous phase height, hole size in distributor, density difference between phases, and viscosity ratio of oil/water systems, employing three liquid/liquid systems; kerosene/water, gasoil/water, and hexane/water. Higher value of coalescence time was 8.26 s at 0.7ml/ s flow rate, 30cm height and 7mm diameter of hole for gas oil/water system, and lower value was 0.5s at 0.3ml/s flow rate, 10 cm height and 3mm diameter of hole for  hexane/water system. It is observed that time of coalescence increased with increase in the dispersed phase flow rate, continuous phase height, hole size in distributor, and viscosity ratio of oil/water system. The results have been analyzed by dimensional  and statistical analysis,  and a correlation was developed relating coalescence time with the operating/actors and the physical properties of the three oil/water systems.
Corrosion Inhibition of Low Carbon Steel in Different HCl Concentrations by Phenythiourea
Authors: S. Yaro Aprael , A . Rashed Nashwan , S. Abdul-Hassan Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Phenylthiourea  (PHTU),was  tested  as  inhibitor for  the  corrosion  of  low  carbon  steel  in different  HCI  acid concentration by mass loss ,and polarization measurements .it was found that (PHTU) is a good inhibitor for the corrosion of low carbon steel in 1,3,and 5N HCI solution ,and its inhibition efficiency (0) increases with its concentration and attains approximately 97% at l g/I .polarization curves indicate that (PHTU) acts as an anodic type inhibitor .the inhibitor was adsorbed on the low carbon steel surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Results show that the rate of corrosion of low carbon steel increased with increasing temperature over the range 30-60°C, both in the presence of inhibitor and its absence .it was found also that the inhibiting effect of the inhibitor is generally acid concentration independent.
Electrolytic preparation of Iron powder with particle Size Less than 106 pm
Authors: H. Abbar Ali , Y.  Abdul-Ridha Jameel , H. Kareem Sameer
Published: May 2023

Avery large numbers of articles are made by powder metallurgical methods using electrolytically reduced metal powders. Iron powder is one of these powders which play an important role in this field. Its preparation by electrolytic method is economic in comparison with the traditional methods (Atomization and carbonyl processes).

An electrochemical cell consisting of two electrodes (stainless steel cathode and iron anode, 99.9%) was used to study the electrolytic preparation of iron powder with particle size less than 106µm directly as powde1y form. Ferrous sulphate electrolyte was used containing sodium chloride as a stabilizing agent. The produced powder was thoroughly washed with an acidified distilled water and absolute ethanol, then dried under an inert atmosphere at 80°C, and classified by screening. Samples of prepared powder were taken to determine their purity by atomic absorption. The effects of current density, metal ion concentration, sodium chloride concentration, PH, and electrolysis time on the weight percent of iron powder less than (106µm), yield and current efficiency were studied.

It was found that an iron powder with particle size less than 106µm can be prepared at a weight percent of iron powder less than I06µm (89.7%) and current efficiency of 71% using cathodic current density of 0.1 A/cm3 and electrolysis time equal to 1 hr. The prepared powder having an apparent density of (3.24 gm/cm3 and real density of 7.39 gm/cm3 with specific surface area of 238 X 103 cm2/gm. Its average particle size was 75 pm and its purity was 99.14%
الاسترداد الامثل لمذيب الزايلين المستخدمفي تحضير سبيكة بولي اثيلين-بولي سايلوكسان
Authors: حسين عبار علي , حكيم كريم سمير
Published: May 2023

تناول البحث الحالي تحديد المسار التكنولوجي لاسترداد مذيب الزايلين المستخدم في تحضير السبائك البوليمرية نوع (بولي اثيلين-بولي سايلوكسان) باعلى نسبة ممكنة. وتم ذلك من خلال دراسة تاثير المتغيرات الحاكمة باعتماد اسلوبين في الاسترداد وهما الاسترداد بالهواء الحار والاسترداد بالتبريد والترشيح. اظهرت النتائج ان اعتماد اسلوب التبريد والترشيح يعطي نتائج فضل من حيث نسبة الاسترداد والتي بلغت 75% ومن حيث مواصفات السبيكة البوليميرية الناتجة. وتضمنت خطوات العمل اجراء عملية الاذابة بدرجة حرارة 80° م بالنسب الوزنية التالية للمواد الداخلة : زايلين 75.8%, بولي اثيلين 6.6%, بولي سايلوكسان 6.6% ولمدة ساعة واحدة, يلي ذلك تبريد المزيج الناتج لفترة (24)ساعة وصولا الى درجة حرارة الصفر المئوي ثم ترشيح الخليط تحت ضغط مخلخل-0.4 بار لفترة 1 ساعة وتجفيف السبيكة الناتجة بدرجة حرارة 50°م لمدة ثلاث ساعات.
Determination of Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient in Fixed Bed Adsorption
Authors: A. Al-Hemiri Adil , Y. Al-Kaisy Farah
Published: May 2023

This work was conducted to determine the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (Ky.a) infixed bed adsorption using hexane-benzene mixture by adsorption onto a fixed bed of white silica gel. Benzene concentration was measured by gas chromatography. The effect of feed flow rate and initial concentration of benzene in hexane-benzene mixture on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient and on the adsorption capacity of silica gel was investigated.

In general, the volumetric mass transfer coefficient increases with increasing hexane flow rate, and with increasing initial concentration of benzene in the mixture. The ultimate value of (Ky.a) was at 53 ml/min of hexane flow rate with benzene initial concentration of (6.53 wt. %), and it was (99.4 kg/m3.s).

The adsorptive capacity of silica gel increases with decreasing hexane flow rate, as with increasing initial concentration of benzene in the mixture. The best adsorptive capacity of the imported silica gel (100 g of imported silica gel yielded 120 ml of benzene-free effluent) was achieved with the grade (1.18-5 mm) in size at a hexane flow rate 15 ml/min.
Alpha-Alumina Extraction from Al-Ga'ara Bauxite
Authors: A . K. Mohammed Abdul-Halim , Ibrahim Ala , G. Madhhoor Marwan
Published: May 2023

The bauxite produced from Al-Ga 'ara area in Al-Enbar containing 50.4 wt. percentages Al2O3 was used for a- alumina production.                                                                                                

For α-alumina production bauxite was mixed with calcium carbonate in a ratio 1:3 and the mixture was burned at temperature range 1l 50-l350°C, cooled to 500°C; crushed and ground. The powder produced treated then with 6% sodium carbonate solution using different temperature (60-100°C) for fifteen minutes. After filtration, the produced sodium alurninate solution was reacted with 2% of calcium hydroxide at 98°C for thirty minutes. The filtrate was carbonated with purified C02 gas at 70°C for different times (30-180 min) and different flow rates (20-80 cm3/min).

Alumina was precipitated as hydrate, then washed with water, dried at 110°C, and calcined at 1200°C. The produced α­ Al2O3 was identified   by X-ray diffraction.
Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel under Two Phase Flow (Water-Petroleum) Simulated by Turbulently Agitated System
Authors: J. M. Slaiman Qasim , O. Hasan Basim , A. Mahmood Hussein
Published: May 2023

The corrosion of carbon steel in single phase (water with 0.1N NaCl ) and two immiscible phases (kerosene-water) using turbulently agitated system is investigated. The experiments are carried out for Reynolds number (Re) range of 38000 to 95000 corresponding  to rotational velocities from 600 to 1400 rpm using circular disk turbine agitator at 40 0C. In two-phase system test runs are carried out in aqueous phase (water) concentrations of 1 % vol., 5 % vol., 8% vol., and 16% vol. mixed with kerosene at various Re. The effect of Reynolds number (Re), percent of dispersed phase, dispersed drops diameter, and number of drops per unit volume on the corrosion rate is investigated and discussed. Test runs are carried out using two types of inhibitors: sodium nitrite of concentrations 20, 40, and 60 ppm and sodium hexapolyphosphate of concentrations 485, 970, and 1940 ppm in a solution containing 8 % vol. aqueous phase (water) mixed with kerosene (continuous phase) at 40 °C for the whole range of Re. It was found that increasing Re increases the corrosion rate and the presence of water enhances the corrosion rate by increasing the solution electrical conductivity. For two phase solution containing 8% vol. and 16% vol. of water the corrosion rate was higher than single phase (100 % vol. water). The main parameters that play the major role in determining the corrosion rate in two phase were concentration of oxygen, solution electrical conductivity,  and the interfacial area between the two  phases (dispersed and continuous). Sodium nitrite and sodium  hexapolyphosphate were found to be efficient inhibitors in two phase solutionfor  the investigated range of Re.
Removal of Emulsified Paraffine from Water: Effect of Bubble Size and Particle Size on Kinetic of Flotation
Authors: A. Mohammed Ahmed
Published: May 2023

This paper  studied  kinetics  of flotation   of  emulsified  paraffine  in  water  in  bubble  column  with  sodium .dodecylsulphate as a collector agent. The effects of oil drops and air bubble diameters on the flotation rate constant were studied. The removal rate for each oil drop size was first order with respect to oil drop concentration. An experimental procedure permitting determination of the first order rate constants for  removal due to bubble/drop interaction was developed, decreasing bubble diameter by adding NaCl and increasing oil drop diameter increased the rate constants. A comparison between the experimental and theoretical rate constants showed that the predicted mechanism of oil-droplet removed by bubbles less than 1.8 mm diameter is one of hydrodynamics capture in the wake behind the rising bubbles.
Dynamics of a single Condensing Two-Phase Bubble
Authors: A. Abdul-Majeed Basma , B. Eliwy Hussien
Published: May 2023

The dynamics of a single condensing two-phase bubble of two different dispersed-continuous systems were studied. The systems were, CCl4 - water and CCl4 - 100% glycerol. Cinephotography was used to determine the change in height, diameter and time. These results were used to determine the experimental rise velocity of the bubble, which was compared with a theoretical one based on some equations used. It was found that the velocity of the first system remained almost constant, while it decreased gradually for the second system.
Estimation and Simulation in Batch Fermentation of Baker's Yeast Production
Authors: K. Al-Dawery Salam , M. Al-Samuray Abdul-Kahar
Published: May 2023

Baker's Yeast is an important additive among the substances, which improves bred quality, thus, a consideration has been made to study the conditions and parameters that affecting the production of the yeast in a batch fermenter experimentally and theoretically. Experimental runs were implemented in a 12-liter pilot-scale fermenter to predict the rate of growth and other parameters such as amount of additive consumed and the amount of heat generated. The process is modeled and performed using a computer programming prepped for this purpose, the model gave a good agreement comparing to the experimental work specially in the log phase.
A Study in to the Dynamic Behavior of Packed Distillation Column
Authors: F. Tobia Ittehad , M. Putrus Karima , M. Hameed Ali
Published: May 2023

The study of the dynamic behavior of packed distillation column was studied by frequency response analysis using Matlab program. A packed distillation column (80 mm diameter) (2000 mm height) filled with glass packing (Raschig Rings 10mm), packing height (1500 mm) has been modified for separation of methanol-water mixture (60 vol%). The column dynamic behavior was studied experimentally under different step changes in, feed rate (±30%), reflux rate (±22%), and reboiler heat duty (±150%), the top and bottom concentration of methanol were measured. A frequency response analysis for the above step response was carried out using Bode diagram, the log modulus and the phase angle were  used to analyze the process model. A Matlab program was used to study the dynamic model for continuous packed distillation to predict the transient response to a step change in feed rate, reflux rate and reboiler heat duty. It also used to find the frequency response analysis using experimental data and the results were compared with A RX(Auto Recursive) model, then the plot of Bode diagram was carried. Finally the transfer function to step change in feed rate was found and represented by second order as shown in equation below.

For reflux rate change, it was found that for the top concentration, it can be represented by first order (lead - lag system). 

Finally a comparison between the experimental and theoretical response curves were made, it was found that the model obtained from Matlab program (Bode diagram) gave a good agreement with experimental data while the model obtained using process reaction curve method shows a deviation between the theoretical and experimental data.
Electrochemical Behavior of Chemical Conversion Coated Aluminum ASA6061 in Chromic Acid
Authors: S. Yaro Aprael , Sh. Hussain Muslet , H. Rashid Khalid
Published: May 2023

The corrosion behavior of bare and chemical conversion coated (through anodizing) aluminum ASA 606 I in stagnant chromic acid solutions . Solutions of 2, 6 & J O wt. % Cr03 at 45°C, have been investigated using polarization technique. The anodizing experiments were conducted under fixed conditions of 35 minute exposure time and 30 volt supplied voltage. The most important feature achieved was the great difference in behavior between the anodic polarization curves for bare and anodized aluminum in different concentrations of chromic acid solutions.
The Effect of Solvent Extraction of Light Lubricating Oil on Viscosity Index and Chemical Composition
Authors: A.-K. Mohammed Abdul-Halim , K. Hussain Hussain , J. Sadiq Rafal
Published: May 2023

An investigation was conducted for the improvement of viscosity index of light lubricating oil fraction (40 stock)obtained from vacuum distillation unit of lube oil plant of Daura Refinery, using solvent extraction process.In this study furfural solvent was used to extract the undesirable materials which reduce the viscosity index of rawlubricating oil fraction.The studied effecting variables of extraction were extraction temperature range from 70 to 110°C, and solvent to oilratio range from 1:1 to 4:1 (wt/wt).The n-d-M method was used for calculation of carbon distribution and structural group analysis of the raffinateproduced from furfural extraction.Also the three component phase diagram for a mixed-base oil and furfural at different temperature was drawn.The results of this investigation show that the viscosity index of lubricating oil fraction increases with increasingextraction temperature and increasing the solvent to oil ratio and reaches 115.6 at extraction temperature 110°C andsolvent to oil ratio 4:1.Further more, the results show that the viscosity, refractive index, density, sulfur content and percentage yield ofproduced raffinate were decreased as the extraction temperature or solvent to oil ratio increases for extraction process.
The Effect of Time and Corrosion Products Formation on Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel Pipe Under Turbulent Flow Conditions
Authors: J. Slaiman Qasim , O. Hasan Basim , M. Mahmood Shiemaa
Published: May 2023

The effect of time (or corrosion products formation) on corrosion rates of carbon steel pipe in aerated 0.1N NaClsolution under turbulent flow conditions is investigated. Tests are conducted using electrochemical polarizationtechnique by determining the limiting current density of oxygen reduction in Reynolds number range of 15000 to 110000and temperature range of 30 to 60oC. The effect of corrosion products formation on the friction factor is studied anddiscussed. Corrosion process is analyzed as a mass transfer operation and the mass transfer theory is employed toexpress the corrosion rate. The results are compared with many proposed models particularly those based on theconcept of analogy among momentum, heat, and mass transport. The capability of these models to predict corrosionrates in presence of corrosion products is examined and discussed. It is found that formation of corrosion products withtime decreases the corrosion rate (or mass transfer rate) at low Reynolds number and temperature while it increases thecorrosion rate at high Re and temperature. It increases momentum transport and this increase depends on temperature,Reynolds number, and corrosion rate. Increasing roughness due to the formation of corrosion products causesoverestimation of analogy correlations results by increasing friction factor and decreasing corrosion rate.
Efficiency and Reliability of Reverse Osmosis Desalination Systems
Authors: A. F. Al-Dulaimi Ayad
Published: May 2023

This study is concerned with the evaluation of the effect of Euphrates River water quality in Al-Samawa region duringthe period 1984-2003 on efficiency and reliability of reverse osmosis desalination systems by calculating the calciumsulfate scaling index depending on the following indicators: - TDS, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+1, Cl-1, So4-2, HCO3-1. It wasfound from data analysis that this index for these units is greater than permissible limit. Also, the fitted relationshipbetween this index and TDS is logarithmic, i.e. this index varies more rapidly than TDS, and consequently it is morerepresentative to the water quality than TDS.
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT MEDIATES THE ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE TOWARDS TEACHER PERFORMANCE AT BINA INSAN MANDIRI SCHOOL, JAKARTA
Authors: Sumiati Ira , Lo Singmin Johanes
Published: May 2023

This research purposes to explore the role of achievement motivation and organizational culture that affected employee engagement in teacher performance. The research population here was permanent teachers at Bina Insan Mandiri School that is located in DKI Jakarta, with a total sample of 65 teachers. The data analysis method used the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The result indicates that achievement motivation and organizational culture have a positive and significant impact on teacher performance and employee engagement, likewise to employee engagement which has positive and significant in mediates the effect of achievement motivation and organizational culture on performance.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, SELF EFFICACY AND WORK MOTIVATION FOR EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
Authors: Wiyanto Hendra , Widayati C. Catur , Marliya Siti
Published: May 2023

This research aims to find out the influence of organizational culture, self efficacy and work motivation on employee performance. Telecommunications in Jakarta using a quantitative descriptive approach. In this study, the population used as many as 60 employees who are permanent employees of PT Telecommunications.  This study sample technique uses saturated sampling with a sample of as many as 60 employees. The data collection method used in the study used questionnaires. Data analysis in this study uses an alternative method of structural equation modeling (SEM) namely partial least square (PLS). This research proves that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, self efficacy has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance.
THE MODEL OF LEADERSHIP BASED CHARACTER FOR INCREASING UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT QUALITY
Authors: Hutabarat Lamminar , Marhalinda Marhalinda , Moeins Anoesyirwan
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of leadership in university management that was integrated into 18 national characters. The approach is carried out by examining the theories, concepts, principles related to those discussed in this paper. Legal materials obtained from secondary data are sourced from library research. The technique used in this research is document study techniques, namely data obtained from relevant literature. All data that has been obtained will be analyzed qualitatively or known as qualitative descriptive analysis. Where all the data collected will be analyzed systematically. Leadership management innovation in Higher Education Management is integrated in which the values ​​of 18 national characters are concepts of religious and cultural teachings adopted, but in reality the trend is to adopt a pattern of leadership style from the West which does not necessarily match the culture in our society.
LITERATURE REVIEW FACTORS AFFECTING CRITICAL THINKING: CURRICULUM, STUDENTS, AND EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
Authors: Rifai Muhammad , Kemas Imron Rosadi
Published: May 2023

Islam highly upholds education, even the first revelation that was revealed was the command to read, from reading humans can gain knowledge and know many things. The Prophet sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam in many of his hadiths, he obliges his people to always learn. Islamic education has a very noble goal, namely making humans able to carry out Islamic law properly and correctly. To achieve this goal, of course, it is not as easy as we imagine, but good management is needed in the administration of education, including by thinking critically on the curriculum, students, and educational facilities. Thus, it is hoped that Islamic education in Indonesia in the future can be of higher quality. This paper attempts to analyze critical thinking on the curriculum, students, and means of education.
INFLUENCE OF POLICY IMPLEMENTATION, LEADERSHIP AND PROFESSIONALISM TOWARD THE PERFORMANCE OF MANPOWER DINES OF BEKASI CITY WEST JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Tri Putranto Wahyu , Wirman Syafri  , Prio Teguh  , Irwan Tahir
Published: May 2023

The phenomenon that is used as the object of research is the performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office. The purpose of the study was to discuss the effect of Policy Implementation, Leadership and Professionalism on the Performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office. The research uses quantitative research. The research sample was 242 respondents taken from a population of 667 people using the Krejcie Table. Data collection techniques using literature study, questionnaire and observation techniques. Data analysis using SEM analysis. The results of the study are as follows: The magnitude of the influence of Policy Implementation on the Performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office reached 0.30, which was weak but significant. The magnitude of the influence of leadership on the performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office reached 0.52, which is quite strong and significant. The magnitude of the influence of professionalism on the performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office reached 0.33, which was weak but significant. The new concept that can be compiled from the discussion of the results of research on the effect of Policy Implementation on the Performance of the Bekasi City Manpower Office is a new concept on Financial Governance of Regional Work Units; regarding the Leader of Organizational Behavior Steering; and about Professional Appearance.
THE STUDENT SATISFACTIONS IN USING BMC ONLINE TOOLS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING
Authors: Mohamed Rafi Sharmili , Rusliana Binti Rusle
Published: May 2023

Business Model Canvas (BMC) is a platform of nine building block representing a business.  BMC has been adapted to the entrepreneurship syllabus in teaching and learning. However, the BMC Online tools have been developed as a part of the teaching and learning method to easily visualize the nine-building block business model canvas by the student. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate students’ awareness, self-efficacy, attitude, and helpfulness towards teaching and online learning, particularly the implementation of BMC online tools in Bentong Community College.  Questionnaires related to BMC online tools were distributed to Bentong Community College students, involving students from the Business Operations Certificate Programed, and Information Technology Programed. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The results of this study showed that students at the Bentong Community College are aware of the business model online tools and has high satisfaction in the learning process because it is an appropriate platform to create presentations, interact with lecturers, and understand the component of the BMC originally. This study suggests a combined initiative by all relevant parties including course instructors, students, administrators, and college management to provide continuous support in maximizing business model online tools in learning as a new platform in the Pandemic Situation through an online medium at Bentong Community College.
THE EFFECT OF PRINCIPAL LEADERSHIP AND INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION ON TEACHER PERFORMANCE AT SMAN 18 TANGERANG REGENCY
Authors: Naruliah Ruli , Susy Suhendra Euphrasia
Published: May 2023

The problems in this research are: (1) is there any influence of principal's leadership on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency; (2) is there any influence of Interpersonal Communication on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency; (3) is there any influence of principal leadership and interpersonal communication together on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency. Based on the theoretical study and the formulation of the problem, hypotheses were made, namely (1) there was a positive and significant influence between the principal's leadership on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency. (2) there is a positive and significant effect of Interpersonal Communication on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency. (3) there is a positive and significant influence between the principal's leadership and interpersonal communication together on the performance of teachers at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency. The aims of this research are: (1) To find out, understand and analyze the influence of principal's leadership on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency; (2) To find out, understand and analyze the influence of interpersonal communication on teacher performance at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency; (3) To find out, understand and analyze the magnitude of the influence of the principal's leadership and interpersonal communication together on the work motivation of teachers at SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency. The population in this study were all teachers of SMAN 18 Tangerang Regency, totaling 45 teachers, with a sample of 45 people and using a saturated sampling technique of total population. The method used for data collection is a questionnaire method. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis, prerequisite test and hypothesis testing which included multiple linear regression analysis to determine the effect of teacher working group activities and academic supervision on teacher performance. Data analysis used SPSS 24 for Windows program. The results showed; (1) the tcount value of the principal's leadership variable is 3.105 with a significant level of 0.003 meaning the principal's leadership has a significant effect on teacher performance; 2) the tcount of interpersonal communication is 3.658 with a significant level of 0.001 meaning that the interpersonal communication variable has a significant effect on teacher performance; 3) the F value of the principal's leadership and interpersonal communication on teacher performance is 56.004 with a significant level of 0.000. The test criteria are if Fcount > F table and significant level < 0.05 so it can be concluded that the principal's leadership and interpersonal communication on teacher performance have a significant effect on teacher performance.
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC EDUCATION: EXPERTISE, TRAINING AND PERFORMANCE
Authors: Jamrizal Jamrizal
Published: May 2023

The Literature Review article on Human Resource Management in Islamic Education: Expertise, Training and Performance is a scientific article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the relationship between variables that will be used in further research, within the scope of Human Resource Management. The method of writing this Literature Review article is the library research method, which is sourced from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. The results of this Literature Review article are that: 1) Expertise related to Human Resource Management in Islamic Education; 2) Training related to Human Resource Management in Islamic Education; and 3) Performance related to Human Resource Management in Islamic Education. Apart from the 3 exogenous variables that are related to the endogenous variables of Human Resource Management in Islamic Education, there are other related factors including the variables of Leadership, Rewards, Recruiting and Research.
The Effect of Entrepreneurial Spirit on Entrepreneurial Motivation and Entrepreneurial Interest (Literature Review)
Authors: Chong Ding
Published: May 2023

The Literature Review article on the Effect of Entrepreneurial Spirit on Entrepreneurial Motivation and Interest is a research article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the influence of inter-variables which can later be used in further research, within the scope of Human Resource Management. The method of writing this literature review article is the library research method, which is sourced from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. The results of this literature review article include: 1) Entrepreneurial Spirit influences Entrepreneurial Motivation; 2) Entrepreneurial Spirit influences the Interest in Entrepreneurship; and 3) Entrepreneurial Motivation influences Entrepreneurial Interest. Apart from the exogenous variables above that affect the endogenous variables Entrepreneurial Motivation and Interest, there are other factors which include: Income expectations, Entrepreneurial knowledge, Personal independence, Family environment and Creativity.
Application of Solid-State Drive to User Experience and User Satisfaction (Literature Review Study)
Authors: Seth Sameer
Published: May 2023

The Literature Review of the Implementation of Solid-State Drive on User Experience and User Satisfaction is a scientific article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the influence of variables to be used in further research within the scope of Management Information Systems. This literature review article uses the library research method, sourced from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. The results of this study are: 1) Solid State Drive affects User Experience; 2) Solid State Drives affect User Satisfaction; 3) User Experience influences User Satisfaction. Apart from these exogenous variables that affect endogenous variables, there are other factors, including variables: Software, Malware and User Interface.
Determination of Educational Technology: Analysis of Online Learning and Learning Styles
Authors: Meriyati Meriyati , Anizar Rahayu  , Umi Hijriah  , Agus Jatmiko
Published: May 2023

The Literature Review article Determination of Educational Technology: Analysis of Online Learning and Learning Styles is a scientific article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the influence of variables to be used in further research, within the scope of Education Management. The method of writing this Literature Review article is the library research method, which is sourced from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. The results of this literature research are: 1) Educational Technology relates to Online Learning; 2) Educational Technology relates to Learning Styles; and 3) Online Learning relates to Learning Styles. Apart from these exogenous variables that influence the endogenous variables in Educational Technology, there are other factors that influence them, such as: there are many other factors including the Design, Development and Evaluation variables.
The Impact of Organizational Culture and Motivation on Employee Performance Using Compensation as an Intervening Variable at PT. Inti Prima Rasa
Authors: Puryati Nani , Masydzulhak Djamil
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between organizational culture and motivation and employee performance at PT. Inti Prima Rasa using compensation as an intervening variable. a quantitative descriptive research design was used by the authors in 200 participants made up the sample of 133 respondents for survey. The Partial Least Squares approach is an analysis technique (PLS), Research results prove that (1) motivation influences compensation positively and significantly, (2) Compensation is positively impacted by organizational culture.(3) motivation influences performance positive and significant. (4) Organizational culture has a positively and significantly influence on performance. (5) Employee performance is positively and significantly affected by compensation. (6) Employee performance is significantly impacted and improved by motivation through compensation. (7) Organizational culture has a favorable and considerable impact on employee performance through compensation as an intervening factor. Motivation and organizational culture must be improved in order to improve the performance of employees of PT. Inti Prima Rasa in order to carry out its duties and obligations properly.
Influence of Internal Audit, Information & Communication, and Monitoring of Internal Control Performance
Authors: Ery Herliana  , Cris Kuntadi
Published: May 2023

Weak internal controls can cause fraud in the organization or company. This causes need for internal control performance which is influenced by several factors to minimize the risk of loss by fraud. This research is aim to know the effect of internal audit, information & communication, and monitoring on internal control performance. The research method used a qualitative method and literature review or library research. The results of this literature review article are: 1) Internal audit has an effect on internal control performance; 2) Information & communication affects the performance of internal control; and 3) Monitoring affects the performance of internal control.
The Effect of Enterprise Risk Management and Intellectual Capital Disclosure on Firm Value
Authors: Salim Saputra Wendy , Yongki Saputra  , Kartika Koswara  , Stevani Wahyu Herawati  , Laurensia Amelia Septi Anggita Sae
Published: May 2023

The establishment of a company has a clear purpose. In carrying out business activities to achieve company goals, of course the company will face various risks. Risk can be said as the possible outcome of a process that does not meet expectations. ERM began to be recognized by the public after the Committee of Sponsoring Organization of The Treadway Commission (COSO) published it in 2004. ERM can be said to be a comprehensive and useful approach for managing overall corporate risk, reducing threat levels, and maximizing opportunities. Apart from enterprise risk management, intellectual capital is also an important non-financial information to be disclosed in a company's financial statements. Intellectual Capital is information and knowledge that can be applied to a job to create value in the company. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of disclosure of enterprise risk management and intellectual capital on company value in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2020 period. The research method used in this research is hypothesis testing, namely to analyze the effect of enterprise risk management disclosures and company value intellectual capital. Based on the research conducted, it was found that enterprise risk management affects firm value in a negative direction, while intellectual capital has no effect on firm value.