bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Разрушение легированного тетрабората лития под воздействием радиации и лазерного излучения
Authors: Вайнер Ю.Г. , Верещагина Н.Ю. , Данилкин М.И. , Коршунов В.М. , Репеев Ю.А. , Селюков А.С.
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe results of the study of the degradation of thermoluminescent materials Li_2B_4O_7:Be + Mn and Li_2B_4O_7:Zn + Mn under the effect of radiation (pulsed electron beam) and laser radiation are presented. As a result of exposure to high doses of radiation, the structure of the samples under study partially acquires an amorphous character, while the effect of radiation exposure is manifested in the optical properties in the appearance of green luminescence due to manganese centers in the tetrahedral environment. With subsequent irradiation with a laser at a wavelength of 350 nm, luminescence centers decay due to photochemical oxidation of manganese by the reaction of Mn^2+ → Mn^3+. It is shown that Li_2B_4O_7:Be + Mn has a lower radiation resistance than Li_2B_4O_7:Zn + Mn.
Топологические лазерно индуцированные квантовые состояния в нанокластерных структурах: фундаментальные эффекты и возможные применения (электрофизика и оптика)
Authors: Аракелян С.М. , Худаберганов Т.А. , Истратов А.В. , Осипов А.В. , Хорьков К.С.
Published: June 2019

AbstractLaser-induced nanocluster structures of different types (in topology and in elemental compositions of noble metal/carbon, bimetals, semiconductors, etc.) are studied theoretically and experimentally with allowance for the correlations in an ensemble of nanoparticles with quantum size states. The problem of high-temperature superconductivity (in the form of a sharp decrease in electrical resistivity) caused by topological surface structures leading to bound states of electrons based on new dimensional principles is discussed.
Высокоэффективная схема перераспределения оптического излучения на пространственных решетках атомных населенностей
Authors: Гордеев М.Ю. , Рождественский Ю.В.
Published: June 2019

AbstractThe radiation intensity redistribution of the probe field upon its scattering by spatially periodic atomic population gratings in a medium with a four-level tripod configuration of atomic states is investigated theoretically. Conditions are found under which a significant redistribution of the probe-wave field intensity occurs, and a “diffraction” pattern is formed with an efficient probe-field intensity transfer to the first-order maxima.
Mobile Apps for the Care Management of Chronic Kidney and End-Stage Renal Diseases: Systematic Search in App Stores and Evaluation
Authors: Siddique Abu Bakkar , Krebs Mary , Alvarez Sarai , Greenspan Iris , Patel Amit , Kinsolving Julianna , Koizumi Naoru
Published: June 2019

Background

Numerous free and low-cost mobile apps for the care management of kidney disease have become available in recent years. Although these appear to be promising tools, they have not been evaluated comparatively based on standard mobile app metrics, and thus, limited evidence is available regarding their efficacy. This study systematically cataloged and assessed mobile apps designed to assist medication compliance and nutrition tracking that are useful to the chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who are on dialysis.

Objective

The objective of this study was to comprehensively evaluate mobile apps used for medication compliance and nutrition tracking for possible use by CKD and ESRD patients.

Methods

A systematic review framework was applied to the search, screening, and assessment of apps identified and downloaded from the iOS and Android app stores. We selected apps using 13 relevant search terms, narrowed down based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then used the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), a widely adopted app evaluation tool to assess the effectiveness of apps. The internal consistency and interrater reliability were tested using Cronbach alpha and interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), respectively.

Results

The MARS total score had excellent internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=.90) and a moderate level of interrater reliability (2-way mixed ICC 0.65). Overall, 11 out of the 12 reviewed apps met the minimum acceptable score of 3.0 in MARS rating. The 3 apps with the highest combined scores were My Kidneys, My Health Handbook (MARS=4.68); My Food Coach (MARS=4.48); and National Kidney Foundation Malaysia (MARS=4.20). The study identified 2 general weaknesses in the existing apps: the apps fell short of accommodating advanced interactive features such as providing motivational feedback and promoting family member and caregiver participations in the app utilization.

Conclusions

The MARS rating system performed well in the app evaluation. The 3 highest ranked apps scored consistently high across the 5 dimensions specified in MARS. These apps were developed in collaboration with reputable organizations and field experts, demonstrating the importance of expert guidance in developing medical apps.
Multimodal Human and Environmental Sensing for Longitudinal Behavioral Studies in Naturalistic Settings: Framework for Sensor Selection, Deployment, and Management
Authors: Booth Brandon M , Mundnich Karel , Feng Tiantian , Nadarajan Amrutha , Falk Tiago H , Villatte Jennifer L , Ferrara Emilio , Narayanan Shrikanth
Published: June 2019

Background

Recent advances in mobile technologies for sensing human biosignals are empowering researchers to collect real-world data outside of the laboratory, in natural settings where participants can perform their daily activities with minimal disruption. These new sensing opportunities usher a host of challenges and constraints for both researchers and participants.

Objective

This viewpoint paper aims to provide a comprehensive guide to aid research teams in the selection and management of sensors before beginning and while conducting human behavior studies in the wild. The guide aims to help researchers achieve satisfactory participant compliance and minimize the number of unexpected procedural outcomes.

Methods

This paper presents a collection of challenges, consideration criteria, and potential solutions for enabling researchers to select and manage appropriate sensors for their research studies. It explains a general data collection framework suitable for use with modern consumer sensors, enabling researchers to address many of the described challenges. In addition, it provides a description of the criteria affecting sensor selection, management, and integration that researchers should consider before beginning human behavior studies involving sensors. On the basis of a survey conducted in mid-2018, this paper further illustrates an organized snapshot of consumer-grade human sensing technologies that can be used for human behavior research in natural settings.

Results

The research team applied the collection of methods and criteria to a case study aimed at predicting the well-being of nurses and other staff in a hospital. Average daily compliance for sensor usage measured by the presence of data exceeding half the total possible hours each day was about 65%, yielding over 355,000 hours of usable sensor data across 212 participants. A total of 6 notable unexpected events occurred during the data collection period, all of which had minimal impact on the research project.

Conclusions

The satisfactory compliance rates and minimal impact of unexpected events during the case study suggest that the challenges, criteria, methods, and mitigation strategies presented as a guide for researchers are helpful for sensor selection and management in longitudinal human behavior studies in the wild.
Exploring the Patterns of Use and Acceptability of Mobile Phones Among People Living With HIV to Improve Care and Treatment: Cross-Sectional Study in Three Francophone West African Countries
Authors: Lepère Phillipe , Touré Yélamikan , Bitty-Anderson Alexandra M , Boni Simon P , Anago Gildas , Tchounga Boris , Touré Pendadiago , Minga Albert , Messou Eugène , Kanga Guillaume , Koule Serge , Poda Armel , Calmy Alexandra , Ekouevi Didier K , Coffie Patrick A
Published: June 2019

Background

The use of mobile technology in health care (mobile health [mHealth]) could be an innovative way to improve health care, especially for increasing retention in HIV care and adherence to treatment. However, there is a scarcity of studies on mHealth among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in West and Central Africa.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability of an mHealth intervention among PLHIV in three countries of West Africa.

Methods

A cross-sectional study among PLHIV was conducted in 2017 in three francophone West African countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso, and Togo. PLHIV followed in the six preselected HIV treatment and care centers, completed a standardized questionnaire on mobile phone possession, acceptability of mobile phone for HIV care and treatment, preference of mobile phone services, and phone sharing. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to describe variables and assess factors associated with mHealth acceptability.

Results

A total of 1131 PLHIV—643 from Côte d’Ivoire, 239 from Togo, and 249 from Burkina Faso—participated in the study. Median age was 44 years, and 76.1% were women (n=861). Almost all participants owned a mobile phone (n=1107, 97.9%), and 12.6% (n=140) shared phones with a third party. Acceptability of mHealth was 98.8%, with the majority indicating their preference for both phone calls and text messages. Factors associated with mHealth acceptability were having a primary school education or no education (adjusted odds ratio=7.15, 95% CI 5.05-10.12; P<.001) and waiting over one hour before meeting a medical doctor on appointment day (adjusted odds ratio=1.84, 95% CI 1.30-2.62; P=.01).

Conclusions

The use of mHealth in HIV treatment and care is highly acceptable among PLHIV and should be considered a viable tool to allow West and Central African countries to achieve the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 90-90-90 goals.
DEFENSINS-a AT AN EARLY AGE IN RATS WITH ACUTE SOMATIC PAIN
Authors: Bykov I. M. , Alekseev V. V.
Published: June 2019

This article presents the results of studies on the reaction of α-defensins to acute somatic pain in newborn rats and in the early puberty period. Studies were carried out on white mongrel rats for three hours after pain exposure. The level of α-defensins was determined by enzyme immunoassay. During the experiments, a short-term increase in the level of α-defensins in newborns and rats in the early puberty period was revealed. At the same time, in animals of one month of age a two-phase, labile reaction of an increase in the level of α-defensins in peripheral blood occurs.
Concentration of students in higher education on the map of the Russian Federation
Authors: Gabdrakhmanov Niyaz K.
Published: June 2019

The article discusses the effects of concentration of students in the system of higher education in the regions of Russia and methodological approaches to their assessment. The issues of accessibility and inequality in higher education are increasingly being put on the agenda by a number of researchers. Historically, universities are located in large cities, new universities also follow this example, thereby enhancing the effect of concentration. The policy of the Ministry of Education and Science and Federal Service for Supervision in Education and Science, aimed at combating low-quality programs and universities, has led to an increase in the concentration of universities in major cities. This fact is confirmed by the calculated Theil and Herfindahl - Hirschman indices and the coefficient of variation. Thus, we can talk about the formation of university oases and deserts. According to performed research, more than half of the territory of the Russian Federation constitutes an educational (university) desert.
HIV/AIDS pandemic and agricultural production in Cameroon
Authors: Tambi Mbu Daniel
Published: June 2019

Whether HIV/AIDS affects agricultural production in Cameroon is purely an empirical issue due to controversy in results over the years. This study has as objectives to assess factors that affect the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and to explore the influence of HIV/AIDS on agricultural production in Cameroon. The 2007 Household Consumption Survey is use as our source of data together with other variables imported into the survey data from the ministries in charge of public health and agriculture. Estimates are obtained using instrumental variables two-stage least squares regression method. The result shows that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS pandemic in Cameroon is strongly influence by level of education, age, occupation and environmental characteristics, while the main result reveals that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS correlates negatively with agricultural production. These results have implications for agricultural policy instruments that could offer interventions to HIV/AIDS affected persons to mitigate the negative effect on agricultural production.
Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of case definitions to detect influenza virus infection in Vojvodina, Serbia
Authors: Ristic Mioljub , Petrovic Vladimir
Published: June 2019

Introduction/Objective. A case definition recommended by the World Health Organization is commonly used for influenza surveillance worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic values of proposed case definitions of Influenza Like Illness (ILI), Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) for laboratory confirmed-influenza and to compare the age distribution of influenza patients across virus types and subtypes in Vojvodina. Methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study using surveillance reports and laboratory data from October 1, 2010 to May 20, 2017 (seven surveillance seasons). Results. We included 2,937 participants, 48.6% of whom were laboratory-confirmed influenza cases, and most of the confirmed cases (30.1%) were detected in February. In the 15?29 years age group, the type A influenza (H3N2) was more frequent among patients with ILI (54.9% vs. 34.2%, p = 0.040), and less frequent in patients with SARI (39.4% vs. 65.8%, p = 0.009) compared with influenza type B. In patients aged 30?64 years with ARDS, influenza type B was more common than influenza type A (H3N2) (13.4% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.032), but less common in compared to influenza type A (H1N1) pdm09 (13.4% vs. 25.7%, p = 0.017). The SARI case definition of influenza was associated with an increased likelihood of laboratoryconfirmed influenza for all age groups (p < 0.05). During the epidemic period, it was observed that the ILI case definition had the highest diagnostic value for influenza in the age group 5?14 (AUC = 0.733; 95% CI: 0.704?0.764), while the SARI and ARDS case definitions were the best predictors of influenza for patients 15?29 years of age (AUC = 0.565; 95% CI: 0.504?0.615 and AUC = 0.708; 95% CI: 0.489?0.708, respectively). The case definition of ARDS had the maximum sensitivity (100%) among patients 15?29 years of age. Conclusion. The proposed case definitions of influenza appeared to be good predictors of influenza and therefore can be useful for influenza surveillance, especially in the countries with limited laboratory capacities.
Ivers oeuvre
Authors: L. Knutsen Torbjørn
Published: June 2019

Iver Neumann has been one of the most productive and visible foreign policy and IR scholars of his generation. He has had great influence both internationally and at NUPI. He has, however, not become a prophet in his own country. Norway’s political science community has expressed little interest in the three traditions that have been the lasting anchor points in Neumann’s works: the English School, the German tradition of critical theory and French post-modernism. This article suggests that Norwegian political studies have expressed a lack of curiosity – if not an active skepticism – towards political theory in general and continental approaches in particular. The errand here is not to wonder why. Rather, it is to provide the briefest of glimpses into some of the perspectives that lie outside the Anglo-American, methodological mainstream of Norwegian political science.
Svar
Authors: Neumann Iver B.
Published: June 2019

Artikkelen begynner med å takke de andre bidragsyterene til symposiet. Det argumenteres så for at offentlige intellektuelle kan bli lettere hørt når tilhørerne opplever at verden er i endring og er i villrede om hva som foregår, for da er de villige til å overveie om det sosiale kanskje kan forstås på andre måter enn de har gjort tidligere. Med referanse til Heideggers poeng om at å tenke når man står midt i en situasjon er noe annet enn å sette seg ned og være eftertenksom, argumenteres det også for at en intellektuell som velger å fylle kommentatrollen i mediene, simpelthen velger å være del av en annen diskurs enn en intellektuell som deltar i det vitenskapelige ordskiftet. Endelig gjøres poenget at politiske realister og poststrukturslister deler en maktrealisme de har fra Nietzsche, men at de skiller lag i sin forståelse av hva makt er.
Kreml i krig: Ruslands brug af militær magt
Authors: Persson Gudrun
Published: June 2019

Att studera rysk militär förmåga och Rysslands användning av militär makt ansågs i många år vara en rätt perifer syssla – särskilt i akademiska sammanhang. Efter 2014 har detta ändrats. Rysslands agerande i Ukraina, där man med vapenmakt ändrade Europas gränser, innebar ett bryskt uppvaknande – inte minst för väst, som i många fall nästan helt rustat ner sin Rysslandskunskap.
Relationship between alexithymia and career decision -making self-efficacy among Tenth and Eleventh grade students in Muscat governorate
Authors: Hammoud Mohammad Sheikh , Bakkar Bakkar S. , Shendi Yousef Abdulqader Abu , Al Rujaibi Yousuf Saif
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between alexithymia and career decision -making self-efficacy among Tenth and Eleventh grade students in Muscat governorate. To achieve this purpose,  Alexithymia Scale (AS),and CDMSE Short Form were administered to a total sample of 556 students of Tenth and Eleventh grades ( (n = 278) males and (n = 278) females . Findings revealed that the level of alexithymia was less than the mean of items, while the level of CDMSE was more than the mean of items, as well as there was no significant correlational relationship between alexithymia and CDMSE. The findings also indicated that there were significant gender differences in alexithymia, while there were no significant gender differences in CDMSE. With regard to GPA, the findings revealed that there were no significant differences in alexithymia, while there were significant differences in CDMSE. Conclusion: It concludes that although there was no significant correlational relationship between alexithymia and career decision-making self-efficacy, alexithymia negatively affects individual’s decisions in life.
Substantiivien moniulotteisista merkityksistä
Authors: Tissari Heli
Published: June 2019

Arvioitu teos:

Zhengdao Ye (toim.): The semantics of nouns. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2017. 315 s. ISBN 978-0-19-873672-1.
Ensimmäinen kielitieteellinen väitöskirja Kalle Päätalon tuotannosta
Authors: Lappalainen Hanna
Published: June 2019

Arvioitu teos:

Sari Keskimaa: Kalle Päätalon Iijoki-sarja kielielämäkertana. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis B Humaniora 165. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto 2018. Johdanto 101 s., artikkelit 121 s. isbn 978-952-62-2053-6.
Toiminnan keskeytymisen ja toimintaan palaamisen multimodaaliset käytänteet englannin- ja suomenkielisessä vuorovaikutuksessa
Authors: Helisten Marika
Published: June 2019

Marika Helistenin englantilaisen filologian alaan kuuluva väitös tarkastettiin Oulun yliopistossa 2. marraskuuta 2018. Vastaväittäjä toimi professori Mathias Broth Linköpingin yliopistosta ja kustoksena professori Tiina Keisanen.

Marika Helisten: Participants’ multimodal practices for managing activity suspensions and resumptions in English and Finnish interaction. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis. Series B Humaniora 167. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto 2018. Kirja on luettavissa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526220901.
Karl Theodor Jasper's Godhead Philosophy and Its Relevance for The Development of Religiousity Thought in Indonesia
Authors: Ushuluddin Win , Furqon Al
Published: June 2019

This paper is aimed at analyzing Jaspers' Godhead philosophy, and finding the relevance of Jaspers’ Godhead philosophy for the development of religiousity thought in Indonesia. The material object of this paper is Jaspers' thought of divinity, and its formal object is philosophy of divine. There are four important terms in Jaspers' Godhead philosophy, namely: Transcendence, cipher, das Umgreifende, and philosophical faith. The terms Transcendence, cipher, das Umgreifende are express that human inability to perceive the true God, while the term ‘philosophical faith’ is the implication of his thinking about the divinity. Jaspers’ divinity thought is relevant to religious life in Indonesia, especially when interpreting the purpose of his philosophy that wants to restore humans to himself, namely: a man who has a clear way of life, so that he understands the meaning of his life. Jaspers' Godhead philosophy can be a criticism for a real effort to improve oneself to be whole and actual human beings; equal before God, despite that heterogeneous and plural fact of human life is a latent necessity, but not a reason for ignoring the existence of others, even attacking others, because heterogeneity and plurality are gift from God. Therefore, everyone is equally required to respect the values and world views of the others, even challenged and should try to understand other cultures and be tolerant to the practice of others.
STRATEGI CALEG DALAM MERAIH DUKUNGAN POLITIK DI KOTA METRO TAHUN 2014
Authors: Hawari Nadirsah
Published: June 2019

Pada  pemilu  2014  silam,    sejumlah  calon  anggota  dewan (caleg) mengadu nasib dalam   proses politik di tingkat kecamatan di Kota Metro melalui jalur partai politik. Sesuai dengan   aturan   pemilu   yang   ada   bahwa   semua   anggota diberikan waktu dan kesempatan untuk bersosialisasi dengan calon pemilih sesuai dengan cara dan pendekatan masing- masing selama tidak melanggar aturan pemilu yang ada. Berbagai bentuk komunikasi politik dan pendekatan dilakukan oleh  semua  kandidat  untuk  meraih  suara.  Diantara  strategi yang digunakan oleh para kandidat  diantaranya adalah dengan melakukan pendekatan politik identitas, kesukuan, etnis, keagamaan dan pendewasaan politik serta  pendekatan pragmatis terutama dengan pemberian, janji, hadiah dan yang lainnya. Hasil olah data didapati bahwa mayoritas pemilih terlibat dengan politik pragmatis alias money politic dan kebanyakan dari mereka terpilih menjadi anggota dewan pada. Dan jika ditelisik sebab utama dari maraknya praktek money politik pada pemilu legislatif di kota Metro disebabkan oleh kecilnya jumlah DPT dan batas minimal suara untuk mendapatkan kursi pada setiap DAPIL sehingga seorang politikus bisa mengkalkulasikannya secara pragmatis.
Book Review: Re-Membering the Black Atlantic: on the Poetics and Politics of Literary Memory by Lars Eckstein (2006)
Authors: Nefnouf Ahmed Seif Eddine
Published: June 2019

Eckstein (2006) notes that the Atlantic slave trade has continuously haunted the cultural memories of Europe, Africa, and America.  In fact, everyone wishes to forget about it.  Many of the victims of the African origin tried to run away from the sites that they got traumatized, while those who were enlightened especially, the Westerners preferred to remain unconscious to these upsetting complicity between slavery and enlightenment. In the last few years, many fiction writers have made a decision to venture in re-membering the Black Atlantic.
PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK FLUIDA STATIS DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 TANJUNG MORAWA T.P 2016/2017
Authors: Hutabarat Noprilita , Siagian Henok
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi model Discovery Learning  untuk meningkatkan  hasil belajar fisika siswa pada materi Fluida Statis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian  adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa T.P 2016/2017 yang terdiri dari 6 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara cluster random sampling dengan mengambil 2 kelas yaitu kelas XI-IPA 5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas XI-IPA 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa adalah tes hasil belajar yang berbentuk pilihan ganda dengan jumlah 15 soal. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretes kelas eksperimen 46,67 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol 46,66. Nilai rata-rata postes hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen adalah 69,69 dan kelas konvensional adalah 53,33. Hasil pengujian hipotesis thitung  = 6,010 dan ttabel = 1,667 sehingga thitung > ttabel maka ada pengaruh penerapan model Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa.Kata kunci : Discovery Learning, Hasil Belajar, dan Aktivitas Belajar
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA MIND MAP TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH FISIKA SISWA PADA MATERI POKOK BUNYI DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 SIDIKALANG T.P 2016/2017
Authors: Sitanggang Nurcahaya , Tarigan Ratelit
Published: June 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  apakah ada pengaruh kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dengan menggunakan media mind map daripada pembelajaran konvensional pada materi pokok bunyi di kelas VIII. Jenis penelitian ini adalah  quasi experimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII semester genap. Sampel penelitian ini diambil dua kelas yaitu kelas VIII-1 (sebagai kelas eksperimen) dan kelas VIII-2 (sebagai kelas kontrol) ditentukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam bentuk tes uraian dengan jumlah 10 item yang telah divalidasi sesuai dengan standar soal yang baik. Perolehan data keterampilan siswa selama pembelajaran digunakan lembar observasi dengan 2 orang pengamat. Setelah dilakukan uji hipotesis diperoleh  hasil belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen lebih baik dari kelas kontrol, berarti ada pengaruh yang signifikan. Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dan pembelajaran konvensional, kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa
El adverbio νῦν como marcador discursivo en el Corpus Lysiacum
Authors: Fornieles Sánchez Raquel
Published: June 2019

Presentamos un estudio del adverbio νῦν (y su variante reforzada νυνί) en el Corpus Lysiacum, con el propósito de describir su funcionamiento como marcador discursivo en contraste con su uso como adverbio prototípico de tiempo.
Tipificação de propriedades leiteiras administradas por jovens agricultores na região do planalto norte catarinense
Authors: Dutra Marlon , Petrentchuk Lauro William , Paes João Paulo Pereira
Published: June 2019

O desenvolvimento e a aplicação de indicadores de sustentabilidade que auxiliem na tomada de decisões na pecuária leiteira é uma importante demanda atual. No Planalto Norte Catarinense a pecuária leiteira tem crescido por meio do apoio de entidades públicas, privadas e organizações de agricultores. Esse crescimento tem suscitado discussões sobre modelos produtivos locais, especialmente no público jovem, que tem uma maior expectativa de vida produtiva. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo tipificar as unidades produtoras de leite no Planalto Norte Catarinense com base nas características produtivas como ferramenta para explicar a eficiência da atividade. Foram aplicados questionários em julho de 2018 em 26 propriedades rurais onde os jovens são protagonistas. A tipificação das propriedades rurais ocorreu em função de dez variáveis. Os resultados indicam maior influência da geração de renda por área na atividade leiteira em comparação aos custos operacionais. Nesses dois eixos, as propriedades foram divididas em cinco grupos: alta eficiência produtiva; alta produtividade animal; alto custo operacional; baixa eficiência produtiva; intermediário. Os indicadores utilizados se mostraram eficientes para retratar a realidade da atividade leiteira e os resultados sugerem que para maior lucratividade na atividade leiteira, é necessário gerir bem a lotação animal, a produtividade animal e os custos operacionais.

Palavras-chave: Indicadores. Pecuária leiteira. Sustentabilidade. Sucessão rural. Tipificação.
Análise interdisciplinar da questão mineral e suas barragens de rejeito
Authors: Barcelos Tiago Soares , Carvalho Marina De Macedo , Outeiro Gabriel Moraes de , Mota Loyslene De Freitas
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho busca ampliar o debate acerca da questão mineral no Brasil, se valendo de uma leitura interdisciplinar sobre o tema. Após os recentes acidentes com barragens em Minas Gerais e Pará, torna-se fonte de reflexão estas estruturas e suas relações com o espaço geográfico e perspectivas temporais. Inicia-se a pesquisa com os normativos jurídicos relativos a segurança destes empreendimentos, analisando criticamente sua estrutura, processo, função e forma. Em seguida, vale-se de pressupostos econômicos, geográficos, ecológicos e físicos, discutindo as falhas do mercado e os problemas relativos ao mainstream econômico que possui uma mania por crescimento (growthmania), desconsiderando os limites planetários. Por fim, retorna-se à questão jurídica, adicionando-se uma análise mais sociológica, valendo-se dos direitos humanos para compreender a forma como as populações são afetadas por estes empreendimentos, em diversas escalas temporais e espaciais.

Palavras-chave: Mineração. Economia Ecológica. Falhas de Mercado. Direitos Humanos.
Geostrophic wind variability in the 50–60°N zone over Europe: the role of mid-troposphere atmospheric circulation macro-forms
Authors: Marosz Michał , Kożuchowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2019

Circulation in the mid-troposphere in moderate and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere can be characterised by the Vangenheim-Girs (VG) circulation macro-forms. The aim of the research was to analyse the VG macro-forms as a factor determining the general characteristics of the atmospheric circulation in mid-troposphere in the Euro-Atlantic region and low-troposphere airflow characteristics in the profile (zonal belt) crossing Central Europe from Ireland to Kazan in Russia (5°30’W–44°00’E). Alongside the VG macro-form calendar, ERA-INTERIM data were used. The utilised meteorological variables comprised 500hPa geopotential height, SLP and air temperature at 995 sigma level. The temporal scope of the research was 35 years (1981–2015) and the resolution was 24h (12.00 UTC). The circulation in the low-troposphere was characterised by the geostrophic wind vector characteristics directly resulting from SLP and air temperature fields. Subsequently, derived indices (e.g. wind direction stability) were used. The presented results indicate that the variability of anemological conditions at SLP in the area of 50–60°N over Europe is in direct connection with the mid-troposphere circulation features. The differences are statistically significant across nearly the entire research area. This includes the reversal of the dominant air flow direction in some areas. The greatest variability in geostrophic wind characteristics due to W, E and C VG macro-forms is revealed in the central and eastern part of the 50–60°N zone – between the southern Baltic Sea and the western border of Russia.
Tors in Central European Mountains – are they indicators of past environments?
Authors: Michniewicz Aleksandra
Published: June 2019

Tors represent one of the most characteristic landforms in the uplands and mountains of Central Europe, including the Sudetes, Czech-Moravian Highlands, Šumava/Bayerischer Wald, Fichtelgebirge or Harz. These features occur in a range of lithologies, although granites and gneisses are particularly prone to tor formation. Various models of tor formation and development have been presented, and for each model the tors were thought to have evolved under specific environmental conditions. The two most common theories emphasised their progressive emergence from pre-Quaternary weathering mantles in a two-stage scenario, and their development across slopes under periglacial conditions in a one-stage scenario. More recently, tors have been analysed in relation to ice sheet extent, the selectivity of glacial erosion, and the preservation of landforms under ice. In this paper we describe tor distribution across Central Europe along with hypotheses relating to their formation and development, arguing that specific evolutionary histories are not supported by unequivocal evidence and that the scenarios presented were invariably model-driven. Several examples from the Sudetes are presented to demonstrate that tor morphology is strongly controlled by lithology and structure. The juxtaposition of tors of different types is not necessarily evidence that they differ in their mode of origin or age. Pathways of tor remodelling and degradation under subaerial conditions are identified and it is argued that processes of tor formation and development are ongoing. Thus, tors are not reliable indicators of past environments, because they are considerably influenced by both geological factors, such as lithology and structure, and geomorphological factors such as hillslope setting..
Monitoring soil moisture dynamics in multilayered Fluvisols
Authors: Dezső József , Czigány Szabolcs , Nagy Gábor , Pirkhoffer Ervin , Słowik Marcin , Lóczy Dénes
Published: June 2019

The identification of drought-sensitive areas (DSAs) in floodplain Fluvisols of high textural pedodiversity is crucial for sustainable land management purposes. During extended drought periods moisture replenishment is only available by capillary rise from the groundwater. However, moisture flux is often hindered by capillary barriers in the interface between layers of contrasting textures. The results of HYDRUS-1D simulations run on multilayered soil profiles were integrated into textural maps to determine the spatial distribution of water dynamics on the floodplain of the Drava River (SW Hungary). Model runs and field data revealed limited moisture replenishment by capillary rise when both contrasting textural interfaces and sandy layers are present in the profile. By implementing these textural and hydraulic relations, a drought vulnerability map (DSA map) of the operational area of the Old Drava Programme (ODP) was developed. According to the spatial distribution of soils of reduced capillary rise, 52% of the ODP area is likely threatened by droughts. Our model results are adaptable for optimisation of land- and water-management practices along the floodplains of low-energy and medium-sized rivers under humid continental and maritime climates.
Anisotropie der gesättigten Wasserleitfähigkeit in Böden der Hauptnaturräume Schleswig-Holsteins (Norddeutschland) unter Acker- und Grünlandnutzung
Authors: Mordhorst Anneka , Fleige Heiner , Zimmermann Iris , Burbaum Bernd , Filipinski Marek , Cordsen Eckhard , Horn Rainer
Published: June 2019

Gegenwärtig diskutierte Phänomene, wie häufig auftretender Oberflächenabfluss, vermehrte Bodenerosion und verringerte Ertragssicherheit, lassen sich ansatzweise über Bodenstruktureigenschaften und eine daraus hervorgehende, räumlich unterschiedlich gesättigte Wasserleitfähigkeit des Bodens erklären. Hierzu wurden Datensätze aus 766 Profilen unter Acker- und Grünlandnutzung in den vier Hauptnaturräumen Schleswig Holsteins (Östliches Hügelland, Niedere und Hohe Geest sowie Marsch) zur gesättigten Wasserleitfähigkeit (kf) in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung und damit deren Richtungsabhängigkeit (Anisotropie) bis in eine Tiefe von 60 cm untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine verstärkte Anisotropie der kf in horizontaler Richtung an, die jedoch in Abhängigkeit vom geologischen Ausgangsgestein, Bodentyp und Tongehalt sowie von der Landnutzung variiert. Unter Ackernutzung weisen die Unterböden aller Hauptnaturräume im Mittel eine horizontale Anisotropie auf, die unterhalb der Pflugsohle (≤ 40 cm Tiefe) am stärksten ausgeprägt ist und auf Plattenstrukturbildungen als Folge der Bodenbewirtschaftung hindeuten. Unter Grünlandnutzung zeigen besonders die Oberböden eine horizontale Anisotropie, wobei diese in den beiden Geestregionen mit einem hohen Anteil an Viehwirtschaft auch im Unterboden sehr ausgeprägt ist. Anisotropieeffekte, insbesondere im Unterboden unter Ackernutzung, deuten sich auch bodentypspezifisch für Kolluvisole, Pseudogley-Parabraunerden und Pseudogleye an. Deren hohe Empfindlichkeit gegenüber anthropogenen Strukturänderungen (Plattenbildung) spiegelt sich im zeitlichen Verlauf der horizontalen kf wider, die über die letzten 30 Jahre im Östlichen Hügelland signifikant zugenommen hat.
A Study on Various Techniques Involved in Gender Prediction System: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Maken Payal , Gupta Abhishek , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: June 2019

Predicting gender on the foundation of handwriting investigation is a very invoking research area. Handwriting analysis also has numerous applications. It is useful for forensic experts to investigate classes of writers. This prediction is executed fundamentally by two steps: feature extraction and classification. As a whole, prediction solely depends upon the feature extraction. Distinct and most varied features make the classification accurate. This paper describes the problem comprehensively along with its foundation. It presents a survey of the available methods to solve the discussed problem. A comparative analysis of the discussed methods of feature extraction and classification along with the available databases is also presented in this paper.
Optimisation of System Dynamics Models Using a Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm with Fuzzy Control
Authors: Beklaryan Gayane L. , Akopov Andranik S. , Khachatryan Nerses K.
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a new real-coded genetic algorithm with Fuzzy control for the Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (F-RCGA) aggregated with System Dynamics models (SD-models). The main feature of the genetic algorithm presented herein is the application of fuzzy control to its parameters, such as the probability of a mutation, type of crossover operator, size of the parent population, etc. The control rules for the Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA) were suggested based on the estimation of the values of the performance metrics, such as rate of convergence, processing time and remoteness from a potential extremum. Results of optimisation experiments demonstrate the greater time-efficiency of F-RCGA in comparison with other RCGAs, as well as the Monte-Carlo method. F-RCGA was validated by using well-known test instances and applied for the optimisation of characteristics of some system dynamics models.
Prospects for Protecting Business Microdata when Releasing Population Totals via a Remote Server
Authors: Chipperfield James , Newman John , Thompson Gwenda , Ma Yue , Lin Yan-Xia
Published: June 2019

Many statistical agencies face the challenge of maintaining the confidentiality of respondents while providing as much analytical value as possible from their data. Datasets relating to businesses present particular difficulties because they are likely to contain information about large enterprises that dominate industries and may be more easily identified. Agencies therefore tend to take a cautious approach to releasing business data (e.g., trusted access, remote access and synthetic data). The Australian Bureau of Statistics has developed a remote server, called TableBuilder, which has the capability to allow users to specify and request tables created from business microdata. The tables are confidentialised automatically by perturbing cell values, and the results are returned quickly to the users. The perturbation method is designed to protect against attacks, which are attempts to undo the confidentialisation, such as the well-known differencing attack. This paper considers the risk and utility trade-off when releasing three Australian Bureau of Statistics business collections via its TableBuilder product.
Enhancing Survey Quality: Continuous Data Processing Systems
Authors: Dinkelmann Karl , Granda Peter , Shove Michael
Published: June 2019

Producers of large government-sponsored surveys regularly use Computer-Assisted Interviewing (CAI) software to design data collection instruments, monitor fieldwork operations, and evaluate data quality. When used in conjunction with responsive survey designs, last-minute modifications to problems in the field are quickly addressed. Complementing this strategy, but little discussed, is the need to implement similar changes in the post data collection stage of the survey data life cycle. We describe a continuous data processing system where completed interviews are carefully examined as soon as they are collected; editing, recode, and imputation programs are applied using CAI tools; and the results are reviewed to correct problematic cases. The goal: provide higher quality data and shorten the time between the conclusion of data collection and the appearance of public use data files.
Palaeofacies and biomarker characteristics of Paleogene to Neogene rocks in the Makassar Straits, Indonesia
Authors: Sutadiwiria Yarra , Hamdani Ahmad Helman , Sendjaja Yoga Andriana , Haryanto Iyan , Siahaan Yeftamikha , Siahaan Mordekhai
Published: June 2019

Borehole K-1 is an exploratory well that was drilled in the North Makassar Basin (West Sulawesi) in 2011. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass chromatography (GC-MS) analyses have been conducted on extracts from well cuttings from the Paleogene to Neogene interval in order to investigate the characteristics of biomarkers present. Although the well was drilled with oil-based mud and gas chromatographic analysis reveals that the alkane fractions are heavily contaminated, detailed investigation of biomarkers in these rock extracts and comparison with biomarkers in the oil-based mud has revealed that, while there are hopane and sterane biomarkers in the mud, there are also a discrete set of biomarkers that are indigenous to the rocks. These include oleanane, bicadinanes, taraxastane and other higher-plant-derived triterpanes. The presence of these compounds in environments that range from bathyal to marginal marine and even to lacustrine, shows the extent of reworking of terrestrial material into aquatic settings in this region during the Paleogene and Neogene and provides further evidence of a predominance of terrestrial material, even in deep-marine settings, with little ‘in-situ’ material noted. These findings have important implications for the use of biomarkers as indicators of palaeoenvironment in both source rocks and oils.
Autonomous teams as a way to increase the engagement of nonprofit members (case study)
Authors: Stankiewicz Janina , Łychmus Patrycja , Bortnowska Hanna
Published: June 2019

In the literature on management, engagement is generally discussed in the context of cooperation with paid employees. This article focuses on the rarely analyzed issue – developing the engagement of nonprofit members. Research was carried out on this subject in the association in Zielona Góra, where deficits were found in that area. The aim of the article is to determine the reasons for the low engagement among SPOzZD members, to identify their expectations towards the functioning of the Association as well as to indicate activities that could encourage further engagement of these members, which can be implemented by representatives of the Board. The case study method was used.
Poland’s national and EU agricultural budget after 2015. Reduction in expenditures and directions of change
Authors: Czyżewski Andrzej , Matuszczak Anna
Published: June 2019

The aim of the article was to present changes which took place in the financing of the agricultural sector in Poland after 2015, i.e. from the moment when a new economic option started to emerge in the national economic policy. A transition from the pro-liberal to the pro-social option is noticeable, which is reflected in the restrictions on expenditures in the national agricultural budget. Similar trends can be observed in the expenditures from the European funds budget, which are also increasingly lower. Symptoms of the renationalisation of the agricultural budget can also be observed, consisting in an initial increase in national expenditures and a relative decrease in the expenditures from the European funds budget, but to a different extent in the years under study. The article analyses the level, then the share of expenditures on the agricultural sector in the budget altogether and in GDP, taking into consideration both the expenditures on the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund (ASIF) and funds from the EU budget. Next, it concentrates more closely on relations in the financing of domestic agriculture from national and EU funds, and finally, points to the social issues related to the agricultural sector through the prism of expenditures on ASIF.
Have the Czech SAO’s Audits Carried out in the Area of the State Budget Revenues Resulted in a Higher Number of Legislative Changes when Compared to the Audits in the Domain of the State Property Management ?
Authors: Buček Jan
Published: June 2019

The aim of this paper is to compare the results of 4 selected audit areas of the SAO, namely audits carried out in the domain of the state budget revenues, state property, state-owned enterprises and state funds. The hypothesis is that the findings of audits on the revenue side of the state budget have resulted in the largest number of legislative changes within the period under review. As part of the assessment of the development of the impact of the SAO activity measured by the number of government-imposed corrective measures, it was also found that the benefits of audit findings have increased and their usability has risen noticeably since 2005. By analysing the selected audit areas, the first established hypothesis was confirmed when it was found that the largest number of legislative changes was made in the area of the state budget revenues. In this domain, areas of system failures and implementations of the imposed recommendations were analysed additionally, with the aim to uncover the most problematic areas and to assess the overall implementation of the imposed recommendations. The hypothesis in this respect was that the recommended remedies were mostly met. Within the area of the state budget revenues, based on the publicly available information and the auditees’ opinions it was found out that most of the recommendations were met. The second hypothesis was met, as well. The presented paper analyses both the government’s resolutions, audit findings and conclusions, annual reports, EU reports, and selected views of the auditees. Within the audit areas, the number of submitted criminal notifications and notifications to the tax authority is also quantified. The usefulness of the results is based on the fact that the audits in the assessed areas were focused on the audit of legality with elements of the performance audit, though the best results in the domain of legality were brought by audits in the area of the state budget revenues. In this domain, it is therefore appropriate to focus more on the audit issues related to legality, as evidenced by the number of corrective measures in which the government has imposed a legislated solution to the given issue. Conversely, for audits of state assets (the remaining three groups), it would make more sense to strengthen the focus of these audits on the performance-related risks (the so-called 3E).