bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation Marketing from the Perspective of New Technologies in the Food and Beverage Industry
Authors: AHAMAT Amiruddin , SHAHKAT ALI Muhamad Sham , AZAMI Muhamad Afnan , Prasad Nunna Venkata
Published: November 2022

Today, the Food and Beverage (F&B) sector focuses more on using innovative marketing technologies to introduce their products and enhance their company's image. However, consumer adoption technology of products or services continues to be a challenge for the marketer in the market
Citizenship Behavior in the context of Organizational Justice and Role Theory as the Most Popular Recent topic in Organizational Behavior: Rapid Review Results
Authors: PAWLICZEK Adam , NAVRATILOVA Daniela , KOLOS Pavel , KOLUMBER Stefan , CHLOPECKY akub
Published: November 2022

The presented paper is of the theoretical range and deals with the issue of the most popular recent topics and theories in the contemporary world of organizational behavior. The methodology applied in the paper is based upon the advanced rapid review technique.
A Cournot Model Applied on the European Natural Gas Market
Authors: Vintila Alexandra , Roman Mihai Daniel , Trucmel Irina-Maria , Capbun Andreea Gabriela
Published: November 2022

The existence of several different degrees of restructuring, uneven dynamics, the transition from a natural monopoly to a competitive market with new strategic and economic opportunities are among the defining features of the natural gas market that transform it into an important pillar of the economy.
Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru
Authors: Khuliyati Khuliyati
Published: November 2022

Tesis ini membahas strategi kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru di MTs Darul Ulum Rejosari. Kepemimpinan kepala madrasah menunjukkan perkembangan terlihat dari prestasi yang diraih oleh siswa tingkat kecamatan maupun kabupaten dan jumlah siswa yang meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.

Tujuan penelitian mendeskripsikan strategi kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengawasan peningkatan kinerja guru. Sumber data terdiri atas data primer dan skunder. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Untuk menguji keabsahan data, menggunakan teknik triangulasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru yakni dengan merumuskan visi dan misi madrasah, program kerja madrasah, merumuskan tata tertib, meningkatkan kedisiplinan, memberikan motivasi, menjadi teladan bagi dewan guru, melakukan supervisi secara rutin, memberikan pembinaan, kegiatan diklat, MGMP, KKG maupun seminar
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Misriatul Aulia  , Muhammad Ramdani Nur  , Muh. Thala'at
Published: November 2022

Penelitan ini membahas peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh. dengan rumusan masalah: 1) Bagaimana peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh., 2) Permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi orang tua dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh. penelitian ini menggunakan metode Deskriptif Kualitatif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data 1) observasi 2) wawancara 3) dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) peran orang tua dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh ialah peran orang tua sangat dibutuhkan karena sebagian besar waktu anak berada di rumah apalagi masa pandemi COVID-19 ini, Sedangkan hasil belajar siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh dilihat hasil rapotnya berbeda-beda ada yang semakin meningkat dan ada yang menurun, semua itu tidak terlepas dari peran orang tua., 2) Hambatan yang dihadapi orang tua siswa pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di MI NW Boro’ Tumbuh. (a) keterbatasan prekonomian. (b) keterbatasan pengetahuan orang tua
Parenting Style, Social Development and Academic Performance of Junior High School Pupils
Authors: Mensah Eric , Mensah Lily
Published: November 2022

This paper looked at parenting styles, social development, and academic performance of pupils in the Assin north district of the Central region. The cross-sectional survey design premised on the quantitative approach which is also seated in the positivist orientation to research was adopted. Using the proportionate random sampling procedure, 327 pupils from 30 Junior High Schools in the District were sampled. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential (Spearman rank and Pearson correlation) statistics. It was found among others that, the majority of parents of pupils in the Assin north district used an authoritative parenting style. Again, most of the pupils in the Assin north district have high social development. There was a weak positive non-significant relationship between parenting styles and the social development of the pupils (r=0.035, sig.=0.052). Also, there was a weak negative significant relationship between parenting style and the academic performance of the pupils (r=-0.111, sig.=0.044). It was recommended among others that, parents in the district are educated through District Assembly policies and programmes on the importance and influence of their parenting styles. Also, the District Assembly, chiefs, parents, and teachers in the district should put in measures to ensure the continuous and optimum social development of JHS pupils.
Period of Validity of Patents for Inventions in Brazil:
Authors: Salvador Bizotto Beatriz Lúcia , Camargo Maria Emília , Teles Mascarenhas Neto Aprígio
Published: November 2022

This article addresses the validity of patents for inventions in the light of Brazilian legislation, given that there have been recent significant changes. The objective of this study is to understand the state of the art of the term of validity of patents for inventions in Brazil, for which the methodology of bibliographic research was adopted. Theoretically, it was possible to draw a complete and substantial framework of regulations and studies of patents for inventions as a subspecies of the Industrial Property species, which makes up the genus called Intellectual Property. The results show that, after twenty-five years of legislation in force in Brazil, the Federal Supreme Court considered the possibility of patents for inventions being valid for another twenty years as unconstitutional.
Design and Development of an Advancing Web Information Stockpiling for Engraved Ontology in User Contours
Authors: Ravichandran S. , Narasimha Rao K. L.
Published: November 2022

As a version for know-how description and formalization, ontologies are extensively used to represent person contours in Adapted net information gathering. However, whilst representing person contours, many fashions have utilized best expertise from either a Biosphere wide know-how base or a person nearby records. In this article, a customized ontology style is suggested pro expertise illustration and reasoning over user contours respectively. That version absorbs ontological user contours on or after each a biosphere know-how base and person local instance repositories. The ontology model is evaluated by way of evaluating it in opposition to benchmark fashions in internet data gathering. The consequences display that this ontology prototype is a hit.
CHANGE OF NORMAL STRESSES AND MOVEMENTS IN THE TRIANGULAR ROD UNDER
THERMOMECHANICAL LOAD
Authors:   Caspian University of Technology
            and Engineering named after Sh .Yesenova, Aktau city, Republic of
            Kazakhstan, Sugirov D.U. , Baisarova G.G. ,   Caspian University of
            Technology and Engineering named after Sh .Yesenova, Aktau city, Republic of
            Kazakhstan, Zhaiylkhan N.A ,   Caspian University of
            Technology and Engineering named after Sh .Yesenova, Aktau city, Republic of
            Kazakhstan, Suimenova M.K. ,   Caspian University of
            Technology and Engineering named after Sh .Yesenova, Aktau city, Republic of
            Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

В статье описан метод определения изменений температурных напряжений в поперечном
сечении треугольного стержня. Рассмотрены изменения напряжений в стержне, и возникающие
соответственно перемещения при воздействии на него термомеханического нагружения.
Определена формула, принимаемая для расчетов нормальных напряжений в дали от окончаний
незакрепленного стержня. Температура распределялась симметрично относительно координат
оси z . Использую гипотезу плоских сечений были выявлены основные свойства перемещения
некоторой произвольной точки сечения стержня вдоль имеющейся оси z . В настоящее время
количественное моделирование процесса теплопередачи играет важную роль в современной
науке и технике, поскольку экспериментальные исследования в лабораторных или
естественных условиях требуют надежного прогнозирования процесса, что очень дорого и
сложно, а в некоторых случаях невозможно. Для решения этих практических проблем
используются численные методы. Созданы граничные условия для всех четырех видов. Эти
термины имеют различные модификации в зависимости от значения физических условий на
концах сред. Некоторая функция температуры была предложена в качестве произведения трех
функций, и каждая из этих функций была записана на основе решения с бесконечной
стенки.
PROCESSING RICE STRAW INTO CELLULOSE
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University,
            Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Appazov N.O. , Espanova I.D. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Niyazova D.Zh. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Moldanazar A.A. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhapparbergenov R.U. ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Suleimenov N.S ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

В работе рассматривается переработка многотоннажного сельскохозяйственного отхода
– рисовой соломы в целлюлозу, которая может найти применение для производства бумажных
изделий. Процесс десиликации рисовой соломы проводили в условиях сверхвысокочастотного
облучения при мощностях 100 и 180 Вт в течение 5-40 мин раствором гидроксида натрия.
Делигнификацию полученного продукта после процесса десиликации также проводили в
условиях сверхвысокочастотного облучения при мощностях 100 и 180 Вт в течение 5- 40 мин
смесью уксусной кислоты и пероксида водорода в соотношении 1:1 в присутствии молибдата
аммония (0-5 мас. % от целлюлозной массы). Для отбелки полученной массы использовали
концентрированный раствор гипохлорита натрия. Выход целевого продукта – целлюлозы
составил 42,7-70,3 мас.%. Целлюлоза, полученная при десиликации и делигнификации
сверхвысокочастотным облучением при мощности 180 Вт в течение 15 мин в присутствии
молибдата аммония (5% от сухой обескремненной целлюлозной массы) и без добавления
гипохлорита натрия является оптимальным, содержание альфа-целлюлозы в конечном продукте
составил 74,45 мас. %, данная продукция соответствует №2 марки А (целлюлоза, применяемая
для изготовления белой офисной бумаги). Полученные результаты могут найти применение для
изготовления бумажных изделий.
PREPARATION OF IMMOBILIZED PALLADIUM B NANOPARTICLES AND USE AS A CATALYST IN THE
HYDROGENATION PROCESS
Authors:   LLP JV ", Omarov Ye.A. ,   KATKO",   , Sozak district, Turkestan
            region, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kruglyak A.I. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear
            Research, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Doroshkevych A.S ,   State University
            "Dubna", Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Kinev V.A. ,   State University
            "Dubna", Dubna, Moscow region, Russia, Daurenkyzy S. ,   No. 9 Nagi Ilyasov
            Gymnasium, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

. В статье приводятся данные исследований по получению наночастиц палладия путем
восстановления хлористого палладия борогидридом натрия. Процесс восстановления проводили
при комнатной температуре, в реакционную емкость, содержащую 100 мл 1∙10-3 моль/л
раствора хлористого палладия, при постоянном перемешивании по каплям добавляют 100 мл
1∙10 -3 моль/л раствора борогидрида натрия. Процесс образования наночастиц палладия
наблюдали визуально по окрашиванию раствора в светло-коричневый цвет. Размеры
образованных частиц определяли с помощью ультрафиолетофого спектрометра в области λ=350
нм, в данной области наблюдается интенсивное поглощение, которое соответствует размерам
частиц 10-50 нм. Наночастицы палладия были иммобилизованы на пористую структуру
активированного угля, полученного из рисовой шелухи. Каталитическая активность
полученного катализатора исследована в реакции гидрирования растительного масла при
конвекционном нагреве и сверхвысокочастотном облучении. Найдено, что при содержании 1 %
катализатора от массы масла образуется более высокоплавкий продукт (38оС). Снижение
температуры и уменьшение продолжительности процесса приводит к низкоплавким маргаринам
марок МЖК и МЖП. Применение сверхвысокочастотного облучения (мощность 700 Вт)
значительно сокращает продолжительность процесса (до 30 мин) с образованием продукта с
т.пл. 34оС
BLUP ON VEGETATIVE INDICES OF FORAGE CROPS ACCORDING TO AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY FROM THE
UAV
Authors:   Kazakh Research Institute of
            Animal Husbandry and Feed Production, Almaty sity, Republic of Kazakhstan, Nauryzbaev M.K. , Tuleushova R.Zh. ,   Academy of Civil Aviation,
            International Academy of Informatics, Almaty sity, Republic of Kazakhstan,   Almaty sity, Republic of
            Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

Как известно, основная модель для формирования системы уравнений BLUP основана на
факторах хозяйства и отцов, как величин имеющих наибольший статистический вес. В тоже
время в Казахстане, где значительная часть животных является пастбищными, а не
стойловыми, фиксированный фактор «хозяйство» может быть уточнен и детализирован до
отдельного пастбища. Таким образом, оценка BLUP будет распространена до оценки пастбищ,
с перспективой определения путей оптимальной миграции стада, что актуально для
Казахстана. В работе предлагается использовать фиксированный фактор непосредственно
связанный с качеством растительного корма в период выпаса. Оценку качества кормовых
пастбищных культур предлагается производить непосредственно на пастбище в период
вегетации растений с использованием вегетативных NDVI и подобных индексов растений. Сбор
данных для определения вегетативных индексов осуществляется с помощью беспилотных
летательных аппаратов (БПЛА). В работе обсуждаются пути включения вегетативных индексов
в расчетную модель, не нарушающих математическую структуру системы уравнений BLUP. Это
должно обеспечить получение не смещенных и статистически оптимальных оценок. Также
описаны методы сбора и формирования вегетативных индексов из мультиспектральных данных и
вопросы, связанные с включением этих данных в систему уравнений BLUP. Также освещены
вопросы организации измерений и методологии и обоснована необходимость создания
метрологического полигона для верификации данных БПЛА
ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE PROPERTIES OF SUBSIDENCE SOILS DETERMINED IN THE
LABORATORY OF LLP "GEOTECHNICAL INSTITUTE OF SURVEY ENGINEERS" IN THE CITY OF
KYZYLORDA
Authors:   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University,
            Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Budikova A.M , Omirbek Z.D ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kariboz A.G ,   Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda
            University, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

Соңғы онжылдықта көптеген зерттеушілер лёссті топырақтардың физикалық және
механикалық (беріктілік және деформациялық сипаттамалары) айтарлықтай өзгергіштігін және
осы жағдайды инженерлік есептеулерде ескеру қажеттілігін атап өтті. Инженерлік-құрылыс
тәжірибесінде топырақ қасиеттерінің өзгергіштігін ескерудің түбегейлі маңыздылығы туралы
алғаш рет Г.А.Мавляновтың жұмысында айтылған. Сондай-ақ, ол осы өзгергіштікті сандық
бағалау үшін математикалық статистика әдістерін қолданудың маңыздылығы туралы мәселе
қойған. Қазақстанның оңтүстігіндегі лёссті топырақтар қасиеттерінің өзгергіштігіне
салыстырмалы талдау жүргізу үшін шөгінді топырақтарды суға қаныққанға дейін және суға
қаныққаннан кейін олардың физика-механикалық қасиеттеріне зертханалық сынаулар
жүргізілді. Зертханалық зерттеудің артықшылығы лёсс топырақтарының кеңістіктік
өзгергіштігін, уақыт факторын, деформацияланған жай-күйін және т.б. ескере отырып,
күтілетін процестерді зерттеу мүмкіндігі болып табылады. Алынған нәтижелерді талдай
келе, лёсс топырақтары суға қаныққаннан кейін физикалық сияқты, беріктілік пен
деформациялық сипаттамалардың өзгергіштігімен де сипатталады деп айтуға болады. Лёсс
саздағының ылғалдылығы судың толық қанығуына дейін жоғарылаған кезде ішкі ілінісу
бұрышының мәні нөлге дейін, ал ішкі үйкеліс бұрышы - 1,6 есе азайды. Құрылыстар
негіздеріндегі лёсс топырақтары сипаттамаларының оларды суға қаныққаннан кейін
өзгермелілігі лёсс шөгетін Топырақтардың объективті сапасы болып табылады.
KYZYLORDA PERIOD OF SOCIO-POLITICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY OF AKHMET
BAITURSYNULY
Authors:   Korkyt AtaKyzylorda University,
            Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhsta, Abasilov A.M. , Abasilova A.Zh ,   2 Secondary school No. 211
            named after A. Baitursynuly, Kyzylorda city, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

Мақалада ұлт ұстазы Ақымет Байтұрсынұлының өмірі мен шығармашылығының зерттелуіне
талдау жасай келе, оның Қызылорда қаласында (1925-1928 жж.) болған кезеңінің әлі де
нақтылы қарастырылмағаны айтылады. Ақыметтану жұмысы оның замандастарынан басталатынын
айта отырып, олардың сол уақыттарда А.Байтұрсынұлына берген бағаларына, пікірлеріне шолу
жасалады. Ақыметтанудың бүгінгі зерттеулуін талдайды. Оның өмір жолы туралы түрлі
анықтамалықтар мен энциклопедиялардан бастап, көлемді зерттеулерде беріліп жүрген
хронологиялық мәліметтерді жинақтай, саралай келе, авторлар А.Байтұрсынұлының
қоғамдықсаяси және ғылыми қызметінің негізгі кезеңдерін үшке бөліп көрсетеді. Соның
ішінде қазақ қоғамы мен ғылымына еңбек етіп, тер төккен уақыты бірінші және екінші
кезеңде болса, оның ішінде 1925- 1928 жылдары Қазақ елінің астанасы болған Қызылорда
қаласында тұрып, ұлт жұмысының көшбасында болған уақыты екенін көруге болады. Сондықтан
оны болашақта арнайы тереңдете зерттеудің маңызы зор екенін айтады. Осы орайда
А.Байтұрсынұлының Қызылордада тұрған үйі, мінген көлігі, жұмыс істеген жері, ғылыми
шығармашылық жұмыстары бойынша осында жарық көрген еңбектері талданады. Қорытындысында
бұл кезеңді жүйелі түрде зерттеп білу Ақыметтануға қосылатын мол үлес болады деген
тұжырым жасайды.
CONCEPTS "UNIVERSE", "SUN", "GOD" IN THE WORLD VIEW
TURKS
Authors:   Taraz Regional University named
            after M.Kh. Dulati, Taraz city, Republic of Kazakhstan 2Gazi University, Ankara city,
            Republic of Turkey, Kulbarak S. , Kasapoglu Chengel Hulia ,   Taraz Regional University
            named after M.Kh. Dulati, Taraz city, Republic of Kazakhstan 2Gazi University, Ankara
            city, Republic of Turkey
Published: November 2022

Мақалада көне түркі мұраларындағы «Тәңірі», «Күн» концептісі қарастырылады.
«Концепт» - жинақтаушы ұғым, уақыттың дамуы және дүниетанымның жаңаруымен өзгеріп
отыратын адам ой-санасының тілдегі көрінісі. Соңғы кездері көркем мәтінді адам танымымен
бірлікте зерттеу - когнитивтік әдебиеттану саласы өрістеп келеді. Когнитивтік
әдебиеттануда таным концептісі және көркем концепт маңызды орын алады. Таным концептісі
нақты логикаға негізделсе, көркем концептіде шығармашылық үрдіс – көркем ой-тұжырым
басымдыққа ие. Бағзы замандағы көшпенді түркі халқының наным-сенімі, дүние тануы, «Әлем»
туралы түсінігі қазіргі уақыттағыдай болмады. Зерттеу жұмысында көне түркі дәуіріндегі
көркем мәтіндерге филологиялықлинвгистикалық талдау жұмыстары жүргізіліп, байырғы
көшпенді түркі жұртының «Әлем» туралы түсінігі, оның танымдық негіздері мен даму
арналары анықталады. Ежелгі түркілердің арғы ата-тегі сақтардың дүниені тануында «Күн»
концептісінің орны ерекше. Бүкіл жанды және жансыз табиғаттың тіршілік бастауы тек
Күнмен байланысты деп ұғынған. Сондықтан таңертең Күн көкжиектен көтерілгенде, немесе
кешкісін батып бара жатқанда Күнге сыйынған, құлшылық жасаған. Жылқы малынан құрбандық
шалған. Күн сәулесімен әлем жақсылық нұрға бөленеді деп түйсінген. 30 ғасыр бұрын Тұран
жерінде, мал баққан киіз туырлықты көшпелі отбасында дүниеге келген Заратуштраның «Күнге
мадақ» жырынан осы байырғы наным көрініс береді. Көне түркілік дүниетанымды анықтауда
«Тәңірі» концептісінің орны ерекше. Жарылқаушы Көк Тәңірі олардың бойына ұлы Түрік
мемлекетін құруда айрықша қуат, күш-жігер, жауынгерлік рух берген.
Knowledge, and Practice Related to Oral Leukoplakia Among Dental and Medical Professionals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Albagieh Hamad , Almughaiseeb Atheer , Asrar Majid , AlGhannam Sara , Alduraibi Sara , Almughaiseeb Afnan
Published: November 2022

Background: Leukoplakia is a major oral potentially malignant disorder. Nonhomogeneous leukoplakia has a greater chance of developing into cancer. Leukoplakia must therefore be identified early via an oral (visual) examination by dentists and family doctors in order to maximize the chances of survival by prompt referral and early treatment. The purpose of this study was to comprehend the knowledge and practices of dentists and physicians about leukoplakia. Methodology: This research was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design. The study included interns, general practitioners, residents, specialists, and consultants in the dental field, as well as family medicine physicians and otolaryngologists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, excluding oral medicine dentists and medical professionals. Data was collected via a questionnaire survey conducted using Google Forms. Recruitment was done by going to several private and governmental health institutes and distributing the survey link or filling it out through a data collector. Results: A total of 260 dental and physicians participated in this survey. Of these, 147 (56.5%) were males and 113 (43.5%) were females. Knowledge scores were significantly higher in dental respondents than in physicians (p<0.001). The mean knowledge scores significantly differed across the levels, such as consultants, specialists, residents, general practitioners, and interns (P<0.001). Physicians (65.7%) were more likely to screen tobacco-using patients than dentists (31.6%). A greater percentage of dentists than physicians (77.1% vs 67.1%) respondents describe the risks associated with cigarette smoking. Conclusion: From this study, it may be concluded that most of the dental professionals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia have higher theoretical levels of knowledge about leukoplakia than family medicine physicians and otolaryngologists. The study also showed that there is a significant difference between the knowledge scores across various levels of dental and medical professionals regarding the knowledge scores. The current investigation finds that dentists are less experienced in dealing with leukoplakia cases but have good theoretical knowledge of them.
Retinopathies: Types, Etiologies, and Outcome
Authors: Alnahdi Ahmed , Alghamdi Anwar , Alkandari Khaled , Alsamir Abdulrhman , Alsomali Abdulrahman , Al Mani Taghreed , Albogami Majed , AlOraini Haitham , Alqahtani Mohammed , Altalab Riham , Alzubidi Noura
Published: November 2022

Retinopathy is a broad term that involves damages occurring to the retina. The disease is a serious one, being a significant risk factor for blindness. It might also refer to abnormal blood flow-induced retinal damage or retinal vascular disease. Disturbances in the retinal blood flow can remarkably lead to ischemia and damage to the retina. Moreover, the accumulation of exudates (causing macular edema) and bleeding might cover the photoreceptors on the retina, leading to visual impairment. In the present literature review, we have provided updated evidence regarding the types and causes, and outcomes of retinopathy. Accordingly, a comprehensive search was conducted on the databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, to identify all relevant articles. Estimates show that retinopathy is highly prevalent among individuals with systemic disorders like diabetes and hypertension. Diabetic and hypertensive retinopathies are the commonest causes of retinopathy. Retinopathy of prematurity is another cause affecting neonates. However, the condition is usually self-limited with no interventions, although highly prevalent in around 40% of newborns. There are two main types of retinopathies, including non-proliferative and proliferative types. Both types can occur as complications of diabetes mellitus, indicating the need to enhance the management of this population and improve the quality of care. Hypertension and poor glycemic control can remarkably determine the outcomes of the disease, implying the need to apply proper health interventions. Neonates with severe retinopathy of prematurity might suffer from severe outcomes, including loss of vision, glaucomas, and cataracts.
Surgical Site Infection in Patients Undergoing Potentially Curative Surgery for Colorectal Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Almottowa Hisham , Aljohani Mohammed , Aldakhil Ibrahim , Alawami Furqan , Alshehri Reham , Yamani Felwah , Alghamdi Khalid , Alsarheed Amnah , Alarbash Mohammed , Alroudan Dhari , Alaithan Mohammed
Published: November 2022

Colon cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and its incidence is increasing day by day. Colorectal cancer surgeries can have many complications including surgical site infection (SSI). SSI in colorectal cancer has been a serious healthcare problem due to the delay in postoperative recovery. Our present study aimed to explore the rate of SSI and associated factors in colorectal cancer in Saudi Arabian patients. Relevant literature was searched in multiple databases, including PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library. We included original investigation analyses of more than 10 cases that met the inclusion criteria. The SSI rate, wound infection rate, other post-procedure complications, and risk factors for SSI were extracted from the selected articles. A total of 9 studies that recruited a total of 2,889 patients who underwent the colorectal open or laparoscopic procedure with post-procedure infectious complications reported were included in this review. Every single study that was incorporated was an observational study, such as a cross-sectional or cohort. Most of the included studies had a retrospective design. Of the total patients, 53.34% (n = 1541) were male patients. The age of the patients in the studies included ranged from 18 to 93 of age. The overall surgical site infection rate of included studies from Saudi Arabia was 12%. The highest infection rate was observed in open colorectal surgeries compared to laparoscopic surgeries. Further research is needed to understand both the associated risk factors and the infectious post-surgical consequences. Optimal precautions and standard surgical techniques are required to support the actions of the surgical team to reduce SSI occurrence and to decrease such complication.
Advantages of Glass Ionomer Cement as A Base Rather than A Varnish in Pulp Capping
Authors: Khatib Summer , Almuqhim Osama , Alasmari Sarah , Alshaheen Eyad , Baawad Manar , Alansari Nouf , Saeedi Sarah , Linjawi Abdullah , Kamal Amirah , Alshehri Amal , Almaghthawi Ziyad
Published: November 2022

Indirect pulp treatment (IPT) or indirect pulp capping (IPC) is a conservative alternative therapy for primary and permanent teeth that have deep carious lesions nearing the pulp in the absence of any symptomatology related to pulp degeneration. This is achieved by removing only weakened, humid dentinal tissue that does not resist manual excavation, and intentionally leaving behind the deep most layer adjacent to the pulp. The healing mechanism in pulp capping involves the repair in the dento-pulpal complex through the formation of a dentin-like matrix known as tertiary dentin by dental pulp. Several dental materials have been used as IPC agents for the maintenance of vitality of deeply carious teeth. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) offers a combination of strength, rigidity and fluoride dispensing properties of silicate particles along with the biocompatibility and adhesive properties of a polyacrylic acid. The cement’s adhesion, based on an ion exchange mechanism with the dental tissue, is a unique phenomenon. Although, the adhesive strength has only been understood scarcely so far, it is known that the occurrence of bond failure in case of GIC is mostly from cohesive breakdown in the cement as opposed to adhesive failure at the dento-cement interface. Due to low amounts of polymerization related material contraction, GIC has proven to retain better than composite resins and provides a superior quality of bacterial seal. This seal prevents the progression of pulpal inflammation by preventing further microleakage of bacteria, endotoxins, and lipopolysaccharides at the dentin and glass ionomer interface. New generations of light cure GIC offer even greater retention to dentinal surfaces than traditional chemically cured GIC. However, the cement is appropriate only as an IPC.
Implementation and Effectiveness of School-Based Dental Screening
Authors: Aldergham Samar , Alghubairani Haitham , Kattan Anmar , Alosaif Zahra , Hamdi Bassam , Abduldaiem Areej , Alqaidy Manal , Almubarak Loai , Alhedaibi Jumanah , AlOlaiwi Lubna , Alghamdi Khalid
Published: November 2022

The majority of children and youth attend school, and timely detection of health and developmental difficulties through school-based dental screening offers a chance for prompt intervention, enabling kids to attain their full potential in terms of development and functional health. Delays in prompt intervention incur significant financial, social, and personal costs for the community, government, and healthcare infrastructure. School-based dental screening initiatives have the ability to get around many of the logistical challenges that vulnerable communities face when trying to get primary preventative dental care. Additionally, schools have the power to influence cultural norms surrounding healthy habits and connect families to care systems. To screen for dental illness and conditions, a visual dental examination of school aged children is used. Parents of children who test positive are notified and urged to send their child to a primary care facility for additional testing of their child's dental health condition and any required medical care. Consequently, screening has two goals: to recognize test-positive cases, and to guarantee that these are followed up on for the proper management. School-based dental screening is typically a component of school health services, and its model, procedure, and goals differ based on the national policies of each country's healthcare delivery system. Effectiveness research has shown that school dental screening has not been highly successful in the study groups at reducing untreated dental caries in either the primary or permanent dentition of young children. Additionally, population-level dental attendance has not been found to increase by screening. Limited number of positively-screening children have been observed to visit a dentist post screening. Among the small percentage of the positively-screening students who visit a dentist, only a fraction has been noted to go on to receive the necessary care in follow-ups.
Pulp Revascularization and Regeneration: Differences, Utilization, and Outcome
Authors: Alsharif Ainaa , AlSaif Eatmad , Talha Abdulrahman , Alsaif Miral , Aldossari Nada , Alshamlani Mala , Alhazzaa Mohammed , Albahrani Zamzam , Albedaiwi Mohammed , Alsurayyi Mohammed , Alfahhad Kholoud
Published: November 2022

Microbial, mechanical, physical, and chemical factors are strong enough to endanger tooth pulp, resulting in alterations and inflammation of its vasculature, and causing intolerable pain. Clinical and technical management of diseases of these tissues is oftentimes very difficult due to the vastly varied anatomical nature of the pulpal space. Root canal treatment has been used to scavenge the diseased pulp and allow healing of the supporting tissues. In a small proportion of teeth, the creation of the apical root structure Hertwig’s Epithelial Root Sheath may not be completed (causing an open apex) because of trauma or breach of the pulp by caries. In these scenarios, alternative techniques have been found, which regenerate a functional pulp tissue optimally. Regenerative endodontic procedures are biologically based techniques devised for predictable replacement of injured, infected, or missing structures with live viable tissues that restore the normal physiologic functions of the pulpdentine complex. Pulp revascularization is generally described as re-introduction of vascularity in the root canal system. Pulp regeneration, on the contrary, has not been accurately defined. Even though blood vessels are necessary components of dental pulp, pulpal regeneration is regarded incomplete without an odontoblastic layer bordering the dentin-pulp interface. Although the interactions with human pulp derived stem cells are still vague, it is suspected that conventional pulpal cells that resist infection can grow rapidly under the impact of Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath even during the inflammation stage; generating odontoblasts which has the ability to give rise to a tubular dentin, triggering apexogenesis. It is understood that similar and consistent outcomes in the endodontics are not always achieved. The pace of apex maturogenesis differs due to distinctive conditions of each case. A possibility of chronic necrosis my strip the pulpal tissue of remnants of viable cells and may lead to reduced capabilities to regenerate.
VISCOELASTICITY AND DYNAMIC FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIOR OF NATURAL RUBBER/CIS-POLYBUTADIENE RUBBER COMPOSITES
Authors: Han Qing-Yuan , Wu You-Ping
Published: November 2022

Because cis-polybutadiene rubber (BR) can improve the fatigue crack growth (FCG) resistance of natural rubber (NR) in the low-tearing-energy (G) range, a blending system of NR/BR is often used in tire materials. In this study, based on relationship of (FCG rate (dc/dN) − G) established from the perspective of fracture mechanics and then inspired by Persson's theory and starting from the perspective of viscoelasticity, the FCG behavior and mechanism of NR/BR were investigated. NR/BR with different blending ratios were prepared, and dc/dN under different G inputs (500/1500 J/m2) was measured. According to the viscoelastic parameters (storage modulus E′, loss factor tan δ, and loss compliance modulus J″) recorded in situ, energy dissipation distribution at the crack tip (energy consumption for FCG inside crack tip: G0 and energy loss in linear viscoelastic zone near crack tip: G0f [v, T]) was determined, and the relationship of (viscoelasticity − dc/dN) was finally set up. When G = 500 J/m2, blending BR can reduce dc/dN as compared with pure NR. On one hand, with a higher BR fraction, an increased cross-linking density and enhanced filler network provided greater rigidity, which increased E′; on the other hand, a low glass transition temperature and flexible chain of BR reduced hysteresis, which decreased tan δ. The joint action led to a decrease in J″, which caused more G0f (v, T) and less G0, resulting in the ultimate reduction of dc/dN. In contrast, for G = 1500 J/m2, when the BR content was >50 phr, dc/dN showed a significant increase. Although more BR evidently decreased J″ and then led to a large amount of G0f (v, T), due to absence of strain-induced crystallization, the chain orientation of BR was hard to resist FCG when G increased. Finally, the morphology of the crack tip propagation path was captured to corroborate the different orientation characteristics of NR and BR and their effects on FCG behavior.
COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE GLENOID COMPONENT IN REVERSE SHOULDER ARTHROPLASTY
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital ", Dobrilov Svetoslav ,   St. Marina",   , Medical University - Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: November 2022

The positioning of the glTenoid component in RSA ( Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty) is one of the factors determining implant survival and postoperative outcomes. Therefore, accurate determination of the glenoid version and inclination in RSA is essential for the surgeon - preoperatively to plan his work and postoperatively - to assess the outcome. Excessive retroversion and superior inclination are prerequisites for unsatisfactory results and are associated with a high frequency of revisions. The glenoid inclination is often described as the angle between the glenoid fossa line and the suprascapular reference line. The study included a 2-year follow-up of patients with reverse shoulder arthroplasty in the Department of Orthopedics. The analysis is based on pre / postoperative CT and three-dimensional reconstruction using Medi Cad software. A comparative analysis was made with the results obtained by X-ray examination. The results showed a high incidence of superior inclination of native glenoid fossae. The obtained ß-inclination angle averaged 13.8 °, and the difference in this radiographically measured parameter was 7.3 °. CT analysis preoperatively significantly improves the position of the glenoid component and avoids the superior inclination of the baseplate of the prosthesis.
THE KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF EMPLOYEES WORKING IN NINEVEH AGRICULTURE DIRECTORATE WITH THE VIRAL DISEASES SOLANCEAE FAMILY
Authors: Ali Husain Husain , Laith Mal Alla Lubna , Abd Al-Qader Salah Al-din , Zuhair AlHafidh Asmaa
Published: November 2022

The research aims to determine the knowledge level of employees working in the Nineveh Agriculture Directorate for the viral diseases solanaceae family, finding differences in the knowledge level of them according to some personal and functional factors: age, gender, educational attainment, specialization, job title, service’s duration, number of honors, training courses, years of experience with viral diseases, number of infections that exceeded and sources of information regarding viral diseases. Data was collected using a paper mail questionnaire and by internet technique; the first part include: independent factors scale, while the second part include: a test of knowledge level consists of 31 paragraphs distributed on 6 areas: Methods of virus transmission, The symptoms that appear on infected plants, Methods of virus diagnosis, viral diseases, Changes that occur in the tissues of plants infected with the virus, and Methods for protecting plants from viral diseases. Content validity & extreme comparison have been used to test validity; reliability coefficient has been tested using Kuder Richardson 0.78; also the paragraphs discrimination & difficulty coefficient have been found. The research sample consists of 113 employee; data were analyzed using: Mean; Kruskal Wallis; Mann Whitney test. Results show that 56.63 % of employees have high knowledge; a higher knowledge level in methods of virus transmission. The result shows that there are no significant variances in knowledge level according to all factors except specialization.
Effects of growth media on growth and commercialisable percentage of disease-free cassava cultivar KM140 (Manihot esculenta Crantz “KM140”)
Authors:   Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Duyen T. T. , Nguyen Nien C ,   Department of Mushroom and Biotechnology Research, Hung Loc Agricultural Research Center, Dong Nai, Vietnam, Nguyen My T
Published: November 2022

Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) is one of the most serious diseases that has caused heavy losses in starch yield. In vitro propagation from CMD disease-free cassava is the optimal method to produce healthy seedlings. Identification of a suitable growth medium for the development of ex vitro plantlets during the acclimation stage is an important step in order to obtain healthy plant. In this study, common substrates such as coir, rice husk ash, and vermicompost were mixed in different proportions to create formulations for the autotrophic stage of disease-free KM140 cassava plants. The parameters measured including plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, number of branches, root length, dry matter ratio of leaves, roots, survival rate, and percentage of nurse stage cassava plantlets were evaluated. The results showed that cassava plants were transferred from in vitro to ex vitro environments gained a survival rate of 84.5% in coir substrate after 1 week. The growth medium contained a mix of 85% coir + 10% rice husk ash + 5% vermicompost was suitable for the growth and development of KM140 cassava plantlets. In this condition, the plantlets reached height of 38.8 cm with 22.0 leaves and the percentage of commercialisable plantlets reached 85.3%.
Analysis of the correlation of factors impacting on farming patterns in Ben Tre province
Authors:   Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Le Loi T. , Mai Xuan
Published: November 2022

Production is often affected by natural, economic and social factors, as well as the correlation between these factors that will lead to sustainability in agricultural production. This study aimed at identifying and analyzing the correlation among factors impacting on farming patterns in Ben Tre province. The Expert methods (KIP), Cronbach’s Alpha and Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), χ2- Chi-square and Binary Logistic analysis were applied to determine and to analyse the correlation among factors. The results identified 4 main factors (people, policies, economy and natural conditions) and 16 sub-factors. The factors such as salty influence, land use policy, financial support policy and experience were correlated with almost other factors. The factors such as influence of soil quality, policies on product consumption, market, selling price, technical level and labor resources were not much correlated with other factors. The factors such as drought influence, flooding effect, technical support policies, financial capacity, capital capacity and education level were correlated with a few other factors. The land use policy factor was closely correlated to other factors.
A rare presentation of giant gallbladder
Authors: Camil Obeid Amir , Sayida Sa'd , Abboud Wisam
Published: November 2022

In common practice enlarged gallbladders are rarely encountered and there are a minimal number of cases reported worldwide. Most of these encounters have been associated with malignancy which is contrary to our finding. We describe a case of chronic cholecystitis which had the rare association of a giant gallbladder which was treated by surgical resection without any pathological associations. The review also describes the different grading of cholecystitis and various management approaches which are applied in common practice. Due to the fact that cases of giant gallbladders are a rare encounter, documenting this case will provide further analysis for future studies.
HOW DOES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HELP ASTRONOMY? A REVIEW
Authors: Patel Manit Rajendrakumar
Published: November 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a discipline of computing that focuses mostly on transferring human intelligence and mental processes into machines that can assist humans in many ways. Machine learning (ML) is the approach of choice in AI for creating useful software for computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, robot control, and other applications. Some of the most common analyses of large, complicated and multidimensional data sets in astronomy can be performed by using ML methods. It can be used for automating observatory scheduling to increase the effective utilization and scientific return from telescopes. It is also used for image recognition, classification of galaxies and planet recognition. This paper offers an in-depth review of the evolution of artificial intelligence and the use of AI and ML in the field of astronomy, especially for data analysis, image recognition, astronomical scheduling, classification of galaxies and planet recognition. It adds to the existing literature on use of artificial intelligence for astronomical applications and is a useful resource for students and researchers.
Characteristics and Specifi city of Learning-Oriented E-Assessment in Higher Education – Points of View and Research
Authors:   University of Sofia, Delibaltova Vasya
Published: November 2022

Целта на настоящия текст е да се откроят основните дискусионни въпроси, свързани с е-оценяването, и в частност с е-оценяването, подпомагащо/ориентирано към ученето, и на тази основа да се очертаят предизвикателствата пред практиката и изследванията в това поле. Защитава се тезата, че е-оценяването не е различен феномен от оценяването в присъствена форма на учещите и технологичните особености не са определящи, а контекстни. В този смисъл те задават особеностите и характеристиките на оценяването, а не определят неговата същност. От тази позиция се твърди, че доколкото методологическите основания на електронното обучение се търсят в полето на конструктивизма и конективизма, следва да се разработи и адекватна на тази методология концепция за оценяване. Едва такава възможност е подпомагащо/ориентирано към ученето е-оценяване.
Identifying students’ level of psychological well-being amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasin Nnational University, Akisheva Aislu
Published: November 2022

An empirical psychological survey has been conducted with students of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University (Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan) to reveal the psychological conditions of students in the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative analysis is presented with the results of a similar study with students from N. Vaptsarov Naval Academy (Varna, Bulgaria) has been made. It has been found that the mood of respondents is directly related to the level of optimistic or pessimistic moods of respondents. Those who determine their mental state as good, stable one have higher values of optimism as well as lower values of negative expectations. The survey shows that indicators of negative expectations such as: fear, anxiety, fatigue, depression, loneliness, burnout have been revealed despite a rather high positive indicator of stress resilience among Kazakhstani students. Such students should not be neglected, they should be given psychological support.