bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Human Recognition Using Ear Features: A Review
Authors: Rajab Maha A. , Hashim Kadhim M.
Published: October 2023

Over the past few years, ear biometrics has attracted a lot of attention. It is a trusted biometric for the identification and recognition of humans due to its consistent shape and rich texture variation. The ear presents an attractive solution since it is visible, ear images are easily captured, and the ear structure remains relatively stable over time.  In this paper, a comprehensive review of prior research was conducted to establish the efficacy of utilizing ear features for individual identification through the employment of both manually-crafted features and deep-learning approaches. The objective of this model is to present the accuracy rate of person identification systems based on either manually-crafted features such as DCT, DWT, DFT, PCA, LBP, SURF, SIFT, etc., or deep learning techniques such as CNN, DNN, Alex Net CNN, VGG-16, SVM, Squeeze Net, Google Net, MobileNetV2, etc. The effort will make it easier for researchers, especially those who are new to the field, to have a brief understanding of the trend of employing deep learning in a trustworthy biometric for the identification and recognition of human identification.
Different Deep Learning Techniques in Heart Disease Classification: Survey
Authors: Hassan Donya , Obied Ali
Published: October 2023

Cardiovascular disease prediction is a serious challenge for clinical data analysis. This study examines deep learning-based categorization strategies for heart disease. Deep learning algorithms are employed with echocardiograms to categorize heart disease. This paper uses echocardiography to predict and identify heart abnormalities, with the help of decision-making and forecasting, based on the copious data the healthcare sector has provided. Medical experts can forecast clinical outcomes, which helps them choose the best course of action. In-depth longitudinal electronic health records are a rich source of historical data with complex patterns that have the potential to be leveraged by machine learning to improve physicians' prediction abilities (EHR) significantly. Most contemporary medical specialties rely on imaging as one of the most data-rich components of electronic health records when making treatment decisions (EHRs). Only a few tasks in medical image processing and reconstruction have seen success using machine and deep learning, including registration, segmentation, and feature extraction. Cardiac imaging sequence analysis must incorporate the extraction of spatial and temporal characteristics to forecast crucial information throughout time correctly.
Enhancing The Performance of Intrusion Detection Using CNN And Reduction Techniques
Authors: Shakir Inbithaq A. , El-Bakry Hazem M. , Al-fetouh Saleh Ahmed A.
Published: October 2023

There have been several security solutions based on artificial intelligence (AI), such as intrusion detection systems (IDS),cyberattacks are increasing because big data is increasing by using the internet on all sides of life, therefore, unbalanced data poses a serious problem in intrusion detection systems. The proposed detection system that is based on deep learning Convolutional Neural Network(CNN )partitions data into training and testing., Creating the classifier model for the Principal Component Analysis (PCA )technique of reducing features, is required for the development of intelligent analytic tools that need data pre-treatments and deep learning algorithm-performance enhancement. The UNSW-NB15 data set is used  According to experimental findings, We employed a number of evaluation tools to assess the proposed NIDCNN strategy relying on the UNSW-NB15 data set that takes 30% of it for testing and after processing this part of the data became used to evaluate the proposed system. Measures such as a classifier's F-Score, precision, and sensitivity (Recall) are evaluated. Classifier performs better than the other approaches at determining if the data stream is normal or malicious. which is used to assess deep learning's effectiveness, the suggested model results from a high level of accuracy. The experimental findings demonstrate the suggested system's ability to accelerate the intrusion detection process while reducing memory and CPU usage. Experimental results prove the theoretical considerations.Because the UNSW-NB15 data set contains a wide range of patterns that accurately represent contemporary real network traffic, New NIDS algorithms can therefore be assessed using it.
Techniques and Applications for Deep Learning: A Review
Authors: Alhijaj Jenan A. , Khudeyer Raidah S.
Published: October 2023

Deep learning is a branch of machine learning that focuses on the development and refinement of complex neural networks for data analysis, prediction, and decision-making. Deep learning models use numerous layers of artificial neurons to automatically extract important features from raw data, making them superior at many tasks to typical machine learning models. Deep learning models' success in these fields has enhanced state-of-the-art performance and created new research and application prospects. Deep learning has been popular due to its capacity to tackle complicated issues in computer vision, natural language processing, speech recognition, and decision-making. In this study, we discuss deep learning techniques and applications, including recurrent neural networks, long short-term memory, convolutional neural networks, generative adversarial networks, and autoencoders. We also demonstrate deep learning's use in various fields. Deep learning has transformed artificial intelligence by enabling computers to learn from enormous datasets and accomplish complex tasks. As a result, scientists and engineers in fields as diverse as medicine, farming, manufacturing, and transportation have increased their focus on developing deep-learning methods and software. Current research trends and potential future paths in deep learning are also highlighted.
A Hybrid Approaches for Medical Image Compression: Survey
Authors: Adnan Hashim , Obeid Ali , Al-Fayadh Ali
Published: October 2023

Data compression is necessary for the storing, transfer, and manipulation of digital data in today's rapidly changing world due to the widespread use of medical technology and the vast data creation by various medical modalities. Many scientists and engineers have proposed new compression processes, methods, and algorithms in recent years. There is a discussion of the current state of these compression strategies, including their recent advances in the form of hybrid techniques, performance requirements, legal challenges, and the potential to advance medical technology.
Job Scheduling By Using Swarm Intelligent Algorithms: survey
Authors: Ahmed Ruqaya , Hasan Luma S.
Published: October 2023

The job scheduling problem is used in industry, manufacturing, job planning, and the network environment to manage users’ jobs on the right machines with different limitations. There are three types of job scheduling problems. Firstly, job shop scheduling means each job is executed on a determined sequence of machines specified previously. While in the flow shop scheduling problem, each job can be carried on one idle sequencing using a job queue. The third type, open shop, the sequence of jobs can be carried out on any free machine. This paper describes the various types of job scheduling problems and the various swarm intelligence algorithms, particularly cuckoo search algorithm, that can used to solve them.
A Review of the Overfitting Problem in Convolution Neural Network and Remedy Approaches
Authors: Dishar Hiba Kahdum , Muhammed Lamia AbedNoor
Published: October 2023

Deep learning methods have attracted much attention over the past few years after their breakthroughs in speech recognition and computer vision. However, Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is one of the most important networks that have been used especially in image classification, these networks are facing an essential problem which is the “overfitting problem”. This problem means that the difficulty implies that the model would just "memorize" previously observed patterns, rather than “learn” the important patterns. As a result, it will down the classification performance and become a huge problem. Different remedy approaches have been suggested, each one can exhibit different behavior in the reduction of the overfitting problem according to the nature of the training data. So, this variety of remedy approaches needs to be examined. This paper would be focused on the factors that can cause the overfitting problem, then continue into the approaches to solving this problem.
Phishing Attacks Detection by Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Nabet Majeed Jasim , George Loay E.
Published: October 2023

Today's world is heading towards complete digital transformation, and with all its advantages, this transformation involves many risks, the most important of which is phishing. This article proposes a system that extracts features from all parts of the email, initially brought from different data sets, and uses one of the machine learning algorithms (K-means algorithm) to extract the valuable features, as used four methods to calculate the distance in the K-means algorithm. This work used SVM as a classifier to classify emails into phishing and legitimate and tuned its parameters to obtain a high percentage of accuracy. The proposed model gave accuracy equal to 98.8 %.
Statistically Limit and Statistically Continuous Functions
Authors: Mohammed Omer A. , Shaakir Laith K.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, statistical convergence will be investigated. Then it sheds light on the study of some important concepts, characteristics and results of the previous study.  In addition, we introduced a definition in limit and continuity which is the statistical limit and statistical continuous functions.
SAS-Injective Modules
Authors: Chyad Heba Hadi , Mehdi Akeel Ramadan
Published: October 2023

We introduce and investigate SAS-injective modules as a generalization of  small injectivity. A right module  over a ring  is said to be SAS- -injective (where  is a right    -module) if every right-homomorphism from a semiartinian small right submodule of  into  extends to . A module  is said to be SAS-injective, if  is SAS- -injective. Some characterizations and properties of SAS-injective modules are given. Some results on small injectivity are extended to SAS-injectivity.
Effect of the Rotation and Inclined Magnetic Field on Peristaltic Slip Flow of a Bingham Fluid in Asymmetric Channel and Porous medium
Authors: Kadhim Mohammed Obayes , Hummady Liqaa Z.
Published: October 2023

This essay aims to describe the peristaltic behavior of Bingham's fluid in an asymmetric channel and porous material. The liquid is thought to flow in a porous media and be susceptible to a powerfully inclined magnetic field. The long wavelength dependency and low Reynolds number result in a major simplification of the nonlinear equations. The pressure gradient, pressure rise per wavelength, axial velocity, spin velocity, volume flow rate, and tilted magnetic number are all given specific attention. The findings reveal that rotation, density, permeability, coupling diversity, and non-dimensional wave amplitude all play significant roles in the phenomenon. With rising slip coefficient values and falling magnetic field strengths, permeability, and yield stress coefficients the trapped bolus grows in size
Solving Linear System of Fredholm Integral Equations with Homotopy Analysis and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Ahmed Rasha F. , Al-Hayani Waleed , Al-Bayati Abbas Y.
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we propose a technique called Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) for solving linear systems of Fredholm integral equations to find relatively close solutions. The HAM approach involves an auxiliary parameter  that offers a straightforward method for adjusting and managing the region where the series of solutions converge. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the HAM approach through our experimental results. Additionally, we improve the HAM approach by incorporating a genetic algorithm (HAM-GA) to further optimize the solutions. The performance of HAM-GA is evaluated by comparing its results to those obtained by HAM, using the residual error function as a fitness function for the genetic algorithm.
Novel Transform for Mathematical Systems of Second Order Whether Under or Not Initial Conditions
Authors: ALshamkhawii Janaan A , Kadhim Hayder N , Albukhuttar Athraa N
Published: October 2023

In this work, the formulas of set solution for linear mathematical systems of the second order are derived whether subject to or not subject to initial conditions. In addition to a set of supporting examples  have been resolved.
Reusability of Legacy Software Using Microservices: An Online Exam System Example
Authors: Abed Hamed Saad Hussein
Published: October 2023

A new design approach called microservices-based architecture is quickly emerging as one of the most efficient ways to re-architect aging enterprise systems and reengineer them into new modern systems  . Microservice architecture is essential for creating high-quality, scalable, high-performance, and easy-to-maintain software. The newest method of creating new applications or reorganizing existing systems is the microservice-based architecture. It is thought to be more efficient in a number of areas than the more traditional service-oriented design, including: such as maintainability, dependability, scalability, and agility. Software Engineering developed an architecture with independent and autonomous components known as the microservice architecture in response to the requirement to enhance and evolve software architecture design. Online exams are crucial components of  education. It minimizes the vast amount of material resources and is both quick and effective. However, monolithic design, which was used to create online exam systems, has more issues and is incompatible with cloud computing, distribution, or new technologies. This paper presents  on evolving and reusability a legacy enterprise system (Online Exam) using a microservice architecture.  the study's contributions To update a legacy enterprise system, feature-driven microservice-specific transformation rules are adopted. Performance, maintainability, scalability, and testability are prioritized when comparing a historical monolithic architecture to a microservice architecture.
Environmental Analysis of Hemorrhagic Fever in Iraq Using Machine Learning
Authors: Al-Ramahi Ammar Abdul-Sattar , Taresh Ali Hasan
Published: October 2023

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral disease with rising prevalence in Iraq. This research focused on investigating factors influencing CCHF spread in Dhi Qar Governorate, which has seen a substantial surge in cases. The problem was to uncover which environmental and climatic factors correlate with CCHF outbreaks. Meteorological data, rodent populations, vegetation indices, and epidemiological records were analyzed using data preprocessing techniques like interpolation and ARIMA modeling. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to quantify associations between CCHF cases and factors like temperature, humidity, rodent prevalence, and vegetation lushness. Results showed strong positive correlations of CCHF with rodent populations, temperature, solar radiation, and evapotranspiration. Negative correlations were found with humidity and vegetation health. The conclusions indicate environmental factors significantly influence CCHF outbreaks in Dhi Qar. This can inform prevention strategies targeting ecological and climatic drivers of the disease.
Hiding Coded Speech in Color Images using Zaslavsky-Map and AMBTC Technique
Authors: Hussein Suhad Fakhri
Published: October 2023

The idea of hiding information is to shield a powerful message in public records. The present application-based hidden information is sensitive information disguised in many testing sectors, such as watermarking, fingerprinting, and steganography, which is the art of covered or hidden writing, which is covert contact with coded communications to hide the presence of a document on a communication channel from hostile attackers. This paper presents hiding speech in a coded image, depending on the quantization and discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). The proposed method used the discrete wavelet transform on a three-color band of covered images. Moreover, the term AMBTC which refers to “Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding” is used for hiding information. The secret information is a short speech (representing a password for example) embedded based on the quantization level modification technique, which will be hidden in a codded image. The three color-bands of the image are transformed using discreet wavelet transform all decomposed regions are used for hiding except the Low-Low band is kept without any change to get high quality of the stego-image with respect to original image. In the bitmap, the secret bits of a speech data are replaced. The experimental results produced an average of PSNR for tested images is about 35.0. Secret speech is compressed using discrete cosine transform (DCT) about (35%-40%), and the result is converted to a binary form that will be embedded in a color image.
Generalized Hom Γ-Derivation of n- BiHom Γ-Lie algebra
Authors: Shaheen Rajaa C. , Rahman Ameer H.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this paper, is to introduce a new concepts which are induced n-Bi-Hom -Lie algebra,   -Center, ( , )  -Center, ( , ) Hom - derivation, ( , ) Q-Hom , ( , ) Central Hom - derivation, ( , ) Hom - Centroid and give the condition to construct induced n- Bi-Hom -Lie algebra, studied Generalized Hom -derivations on direct sum of ideals and we studied the relation between Hom   , Hom  and Q Hom   , Q Hom , G Hom   .
On The Solution Set of Euler's Systems Using Elzaki Transform
Authors: Gheni Abeer A. , Albukhuttar Athraa N.
Published: October 2023

In this work, general formula of set solutions for system of Euler's equation in dimension m are derived by using Elzaki transformation. Also, supported examples are presented utilizing formula derived.
Eventual Fitting Shadowing Property for Hyperbolic Dynamical Systems
Authors: AL-Ftlawy Dunia M.K. , AL-Shara Iftichar M.T.
Published: October 2023

Let  be a diffeomorphism map on a closed smooth manifold  for dimension   . We explain in this work any chain transitive set of generic diffeomorphism  , if a diffeomorphism  has another type of shadowing property is called, the eventual shadowing property on locally maximal chain transitive set, then  is hyperbolic. In general, the eventual fitting shadowing property is not fulfilled in hyperbolic dynamical systems (satisfy in case L is Anosov diffeomorphism map) . In this paper, several concepts were presented. These concepts can be re-examined on other important spaces, and their impact on finding dynamical characteristics that may be employed in solving some mathematical problems.
Análise Temporal das Internações de Urgência por Câncer de Cólon no Estado do Ceará
Authors: Brito Gabriel Antônio Uchôa de , Barcelos Lucas Eduardo Pinho , SOUSA RENATO ALDO MOURÃO DE
Published: October 2023

Introdução: O câncer de cólon figura entre os tipos de câncer de maior prevalência na população mundial, ocupando a quarta posição nas regiões Norte e Nordeste, e a terceira no Brasil. Os cânceres de
Internação involuntária na psiquiatria
Authors: Santos Rafael de Carvalho , Sá Helena Pinho de
Published: October 2023

A partir de uma análise histórica dos tratamentos psiquiátricos na medicina moderna, o conceito de “internação involuntária” popularizou-se em meados do século XX, visto que, antes, esse era considerado o único tratamento existente para os pacientes com transtornos mentais. Em História da loucura, Foucault descreve detalhadamente como, desde a Idade Média, aquele visto como louco – não um diagnóstico e sim uma percepção social – é recebido e interpretado na sociedade. Sua imagem era associada à pobreza, à ociosidade, à falta de utilidade para o meio, à representação do mal para as religiões, estigmas os quais justificavam a coação física e moral imposta ao indivíduo louco, alienando-o de sua vontade e de sua liberdade. Assim, a internação não se configurava como uma ferramenta terapêutica, mas sim como uma instituição coercitiva do Estado destinada aos marginalizados (FOUCAULT, 1978).
Testamento vital e Testemunhas de Jeová
Authors: Jesus Mirella Augusta Bispo Siqueira de , Carvalho Júnior Hermílio , Figueiredo Fernando Augusto de
Published: October 2023

Na contemporaneidade, atingiu-se uma alta capacidade de prolongamento da vida graças ao grande avanço tecnológico na área da saúde. No entanto, com essa evolução surgiram também dilemas éticos importantes, tais como: quando e por quanto tempo devemos utilizar essa tecnologia para estender a nossa existência?
Nesse sentido, foi proposto em 1967, nos Estados Unidos, um documento de cuidados antecipados, permitindo ao indivíduo registrar seu desejo de interromper intervenções médicas de manutenção da vida em caso de doença terminal ou estado vegetativo duradouro (PIRÔPO et al., 2018). Já no Brasil, o Conselho Federal de Medicina – CFM, por meio da Resolução nº 1.995/2012, reconheceu as Diretivas Antecipadas de Vontade – DAV, caracterizadas pelo “[...] conjunto de desejos, prévia e expressamente manifestados pelo paciente, sobre cuidados e tratamentos que quer, ou não, receber no momento em que estiver incapacitado de expressar, livre e autonomamente, sua vontade” (CFM, 2012).
Direitos do paciente e seus principais conflitos da atualidade
Authors: Santos Douglas Silva Rosendo , França Clarissa Marques
Published: October 2023

Historicamente, a relação médico-paciente era tida como assimétrica. O médico é o profissional que possui o conhecimento técnico necessário para salvaguardar a vida dos que precisam, realizando atendimentos e prescrevendo os remédios quando julgados necessários, então, ao paciente cabia apenas aceitar todo o método e o procedimento sugeridos sem questionar. Somente a partir do século passado é que essa relação passou a ser mais horizontal, sendo preciso consentimento do paciente para a realização de procedimentos médicos (DADALTO; PIMENTEL, 2018).
Atestados, laudos e relatórios
Authors: Souza Victoria Cavalcanti de , Lima Sônia Oliveira
Published: October 2023

O atestado médico é “Documento de fé pública, [...] parte integrante do atendimento – portanto é direito do paciente solicitá-lo – e tem como função básica confirmar a veracidade de um ato médico realizado” (OSELKA, 2013, p. 17). No atestado, é afirmado de modo simples e por escrito o ato médico e suas devidas consequências, comprovando a necessidade de um afastamento temporário do paciente de suas atividades. Por trás da emissão do atestado médico, há uma grande responsabilidade do profissional, que deve estar devidamente regulamentado no Conselho Regional de Medicina – CRM e deve fazê-lo em um receituário próprio para isso, sem rasuras e com letra legível ou digitado. É necessário especificar o tempo concedido de dispensa à atividade, estabelecer o diagnóstico, quando expressamente autorizado pelo paciente, registrar os dados de maneira legível e se identificar como emissor mediante assinatura e carimbo ou número de registro no CRM. Além disso, há diversos tipos de atestados médicos que variam quanto à sua finalidade, sendo os mais comuns os atestados de portador de doença, atestado de saúde e atestado de óbito (OSELKA, 2013).
O médico estrangeiro e o Programa Mais Médicos
Authors: Lourenço Bruna Jijyon Familia , Ribeiro Hilton Vicente Porto
Published: October 2023

Os médicos estrangeiros possuem destaque no Brasil não apenas hoje, mas também no passado, a exemplo da atuação dos médicos italianos no Rio Grande do Sul entre 1892 e 1938, descrita pela autora Leonor Baptista Schwartsmann (2017) em seu livro sobre o tema. Esses profissionais, apesar de enfrentarem dificuldades com o idioma e o exercício legal da profissão, deixaram um grande legado para essa região, como a construção de hospitais, casas de saúde, maternidades e enfermarias, além da introdução de especialidades como a oftalmologia. Conquistaram também um grande destaque no campo cirúrgico, na obstetrícia e na radiologia, bem como no tratamento de tuberculose e sífilis (SCHWARTSMANN, 2017).
Sigilo médico e a relação médico-paciente
Authors: Souza Layla Raíssa Dantas , Santana Nathalie Oliveira de
Published: October 2023

Sabe-se que no exercício da medicina é imprescindível a garantia do sigilo e da confidencialidade dos dados. O profissional médico deve manter em segredo o que lhe é relatado pelo paciente e/ou familiares, ou descoberto durante o acompanhamento do caso, a fim de garantir uma relação saudável entre ambos, sendo o médico considerado o fiel depositário das informações (LIMA et al., 2020).
O sigilo médico sempre foi considerado uma característica moral obrigatória da profissão médica e um pilar da relação médico-paciente, estando direcionado às necessidades e aos direitos dos cidadãos à intimidade, passando a ser entendido como confidencialidade (LOCH, 2003; YAMAKI et al., 2014).
Burnout na residência médica
Authors: Vieira Bianca Holz , Souza Layla Raíssa Dantas , Santos Victor Barreto , Monteiro Gabriela Massaro Carneiro
Published: October 2023

A residência médica é uma modalidade de pós-graduação considerada padrão-ouro. É geralmente lembrada como um período de intenso desenvolvimento de habilidades técnico-científicas, mas também como uma fase muito estressante na formação médica, frequentemente associada a casos de depressão e síndrome de Burnout – SB, que prejudicam a saúde física e mental do médico, afetando diretamente a sua qualidade de vida (LEANDRO et al., 2020).
A conduta médica no Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Santos Victor Barreto , Machado Táffines Rumenic Teodoro , Souza Ana Flávia Silveira de , Silva Salvyana Carla Palmeira Sarmento
Published: October 2023

Para Aristóteles, a medicina não é arte porque ela tem um fim diferente de si mesma: a saúde do paciente. Assim, baseado nos conceitos teleológicos aristotélicos, a medicina é uma prática humana que exige cultivo de virtudes. Seguindo essa linha de raciocínio, Alasdair Chalmers MacIntyre, filósofo contemporâneo, acredita que a medicina é definida através de suas relações interpessoais, incluído o cuidado pressuposto pela prática, em que a falha do cuidado estaria associada à falta do entendimento da individualidade e da necessidade de cada um (PASTURA; LAND, 2019).
Ética em perícias médicas e o sistema de aposentadoria do Brasil.
Authors: Santos Rebeca Meneses , Oliveira André Luiz Gois de , Ribeiro Gilberto Bezerra
Published: October 2023

Medicina Legal é a área que fornece conhecimentos técnicos da medicina a serviço do Direito, elucidando provas que necessitam da visão específica para a autoridade judicial. A atuação vai além da criminologia, abrangendo as perícias de ordem trabalhista, administrativa, previdenciária e securitária (CHAVES et al., 2016).
Segundo Genival Veloso de França, perícia médica é o conjunto de procedimentos médicos e técnicos que têm como finalidade o esclarecimento de um fato de interesse da justiça ou um ato pelo qual a autoridade procura conhecer, por meios técnicos e científicos, a existência ou não de certos acontecimentos, capazes de interferir na decisão de uma questão judiciária ligada à vida ou à saúde do homem ou que com ele tenha relação (FRANÇA, 2015).
Exercício da medicina e o Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Authors: Urquieta Isadora Pinheiro , Barbosa Yuri Lobão
Published: October 2023

Devido aos avanços científicos e tecnológicos, em especial ao aumento de recursos à disposição do médico, a medicina apresentou grande progresso. Com isso, diversos benefícios foram observados, dentre eles a cura de diversas doenças e o aumento da longevidade. Entretanto, alguns erros ainda estão sujeitos a acontecer. Muitos deles ocorrem como consequência da escassez de equipamentos adequados, de diagnósticos incorretos ou da falha do próprio profissional (NOVAES, 2019).
Direito médico e seus principais conflitos
Authors: Moura Rafaela Barreto , França Clarissa Marques
Published: October 2023

Comumente, é necessário que, para tratar as doenças que acometem os indivíduos, o médico faça uso de todos os meios disponíveis. É notório que o objetivo do profissional citado é a recuperação da saúde, e para isso é de extrema necessidade que ele tenha um grande empenho, já que tem uma enorme conexão com a vida através dessa profissão (INÁCIO, 2017).
O Código de Hamurabi (1686-1750 a.C.), o qual determinava punições aos médicos que praticassem danos em qualquer nível ou tirassem a vida do paciente, foi o primórdio da Responsabilidade Civil Médica (CARLOS NETO, 2018).
Os impactos das artes visuais em estudantes de Medicina, médicos e pacientes.
Authors: Pereira Raissa Soares , Pereira Priscila Soares
Published: October 2023

Empatia é se colocar no lugar do outro, reconhecendo suas emoções. Ela tem uma base neurofisiológica que comprova como o corpo do indivíduo reage ao testemunhar a dor de outra pessoa, além do reconhecimento de sentimentos através da observação. Esses dois elementos são essenciais na construção da empatia, tornando-os fundamentais na interação humana. Ademais, a empatia não é uma habilidade, e sim algo mental que se nutre cotidianamente por meio da observação como porta para compreender o mundo de um indivíduo. Assim, a arte seria uma ferramenta imprescindível na formação médica para a construção dessa atitude por meio da literatura e das humanidades, humanizando os currículos (DOMINICZAK, 2017).
Conflitos de interesse em pesquisas envolvendo seres humanos
Authors: Santos Gislaine do Nascimento , Argolo Marcelle de Farias , Vieira Sarah Cristina Fontes , Garção Diogo Costa
Published: October 2023

Na Antiguidade, as diferentes civilizações, de acordo com seus costumes, possuíam visões diferentes acerca da realização da dissecação humana. Os chineses confucionistas a consideravam uma atitude profana e, assim como os gregos, romanos e árabes, proibiram essa prática. Devido a isso, estudiosos como Aristóteles e Galeno obtiveram seus conhecimentos utilizando a anatomia comparativa a partir de dissecações em animais ou observações externas do corpo humano; enquanto o indiano Susruta, famoso médico hindu, realizava dissecações em crianças menores de dois anos e ensinava a técnica utilizada aos seus aprendizes, já que tal prática era permitida pela lei hindu. Foi somente com o estabelecimento das universidades, durante a Idade Média, que as dissecações se tornaram comuns na Europa, o que culminou na publicação do primeiro atlas de anatomia humana, o De Humani Corporis Fabrica, por Andrea Versalius em 1543 (PERSAUD; LOUKAS; TUBBS, 2014).
Ortotanásia e cuidados paliativos: o dever de cuidar até o fim
Authors: Graças Victor Bruno Andrade das , Oliveira João Pedro Nascimento de Abreu , Vieira Nivaldo Farias
Published: October 2023

A palavra paliativo tem uma origem muito antiga e remete ao termo em latim pallium, que significa “manta ou coberta”. No seu uso primordial, pallium era usado na medicina quando não mais se podia curar a doença e dessa forma se deveria tratar os sintomas, os “acobertar”. O conceito de cuidados paliativos em si só veio a ser criado na década de 1960, apesar de métodos paliativos serem utilizados desde civilizações muito antigas, como, por exemplo, a civilização grega, na qual Hipócrates já comentava: “curar algumas vezes, aliviar quase sempre, consolar sempre” (TEN HAVE, 2016).
Uso de animais em pesquisas
Authors: Santos Gislaine do Nascimento , Feitosa Vera Lúcia Corrêa
Published: October 2023

A dissecação animal e o seu uso para fins científicos ocorrem desde a Antiguidade, tendo sido realizados pelas civilizações greco-romanas. Desde aquele período até a época presente, têm ocorrido mudanças com relação à visão da sociedade sobre o uso de animais em pesquisas (GUIMARÃES; FREIRE; MENEZES, 2016).
Até meados do século XVII, por exemplo, achava-se que animais não eram seres sencientes (BRAGA; SESTERHEIM, 2014), o que levou a população a não se preocupar com a maneira de tratá-los. Isso começou a mudar com a contribuição das ideias do filósofo Jeremy Bentham, que instigaram discussões sobre a capacidade dos animais de sofrer e sentir dor. A partir de então, o tema passou a ser mais abordado, surgindo entidades e movimentos para proteção dos direitos dos animais
(GUIMARÃES; FREIRE; MENEZES, 2016).
Habilidades de comunicação e senilidade
Authors: Oliveira João Pedro Nascimento de Abreu , Amorim Rivia Siqueira
Published: October 2023

A comunicação, na relação entre o médico e seu paciente, é um pilar no cuidado a ser prestado. Tanto pela comunicação verbal quanto pela não verbal, o paciente expressa seus sintomas, mas também suas preocupações, seus medos e suas expectativas. Para estabelecer uma boa comunicação, o médico deve priorizar a escuta atenta e a visão holística de seu paciente, estando inserido no seu contexto social e familiar e considerando seus aspectos psicológicos (SILVA et al., 2017; VOGEL; MEYER; HARENDZA, 2018; MOURA
et al., 2019).
Do Cops Still Care? A Phenomenological Exploration of Narcotics (De)Criminalization and Officer Discretion in Southern California
Authors: Bell Stephen , Adams Joshua
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore how law enforcement officers in Los Angeles County described their lived experiences of engaging in discretionary enforcement behaviors when policing narcotics crimes. Rational choice theory was utilized as the theoretical lens for the study. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 15 active law enforcement officers in Los Angeles County. Data were collected through open-ended surveys, semi-structured interviews, and reflexive memos. The data were coded utilizing thematic analysis with the assistance of NVivo 12 Plus. Three primary themes were evident from the data: (1) positive reinforcement-motivators, (2) justifications for reduced narcotics enforcement, and (3) methods of reduced enforcement. Findings revealed law enforcement officers, much like offenders’ criminal behaviors in rational choice theory, can be dissuaded from discretionary enforcement behaviors with adequate negative reinforcement. Implications of the study’s findings, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed. 
Haber Çevirisi ve Rusçadaki Söz Sanatlarının Türkçeye Aktarımı
Authors: ARAL Doğa , DALKILIÇ Leyla
Published: October 2023

Söz sanatları, ifadeye güç, canlılık ve etkileyicilik katma gibi işlevlere sahip olmaları bakımından etkili dil kullanımının önemli araçları olarak kabul edilir. Bilgi vermek ve kitleleri etkilemek gibi işlevlere sahip olan haber metinlerinde okuyucunun dikkatini ve ilgisini çekmek için söz sanatlarının kullanılması sıklıkla tercih edilir. Söz sanatları kavramı, Rus dilbiliminde mecazlar ve stilistik figürler olarak iki temel grupta incelenmesinin yanı sıra deyimler, kalıplaşmış ifadeler, atasözleri gibi çeşitli yapılar da işlevleri bakımından söz sanatları içerisinde değerlendirilebilmektedir. Sözü edilen çeşitli ifade yöntemlerinin basın dilinde kullanılması önem taşımaktadır ve sahip oldukları anlamsal değerlerinin çeviri esnasında da korunması gerekir ancak söz sanatlarının varlığı çeviri sürecinde zorluk yaratabilecek bir unsurdur. Bu durumdan hareketle yapılan bu çalışmada, uluslararası iletişimin sağlanmasında büyük öneme ve etkiye sahip olan haber çevirileri, Rusça-Türkçe dil çiftinde söz sanatları kullanımı ekseninde ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, çevirmen kararları doğrultusunda söz sanatlarının çevirisinde kaynak dilde kullanılan söz sanatının taşıdığı üslupsal ve anlamsal değerin erek dilde korunup korunmadığını araştırmak, çeviride güçlük yaratan durumları belirlemek ve tercih edilen çeviri strateji ve uygulamalarını açıklamaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, inceleme için örnekler dijital basından tarama yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. İnceleme, toplumsal-politik alandan Rusça haberlerin ve Türkçe çevirilerinin karşılaştırmalı betimsel analizinin yapılması ve çeviri stratejilerinin belirlenmesi doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Cümle ve metin düzeyinde yürütülen incelemeler sonucunda Rus basın dilinde söz sanatları kullanımı ve Türkçeye çevirilerinin üslup ve anlamsal özellikleri ortaya konulmuş olup, Rusça haber metinlerinde söz sanatlarından en çok haber başlıklarında yararlanıldığı, bununla birlikte haberi daha ilgi çekici hale getirmenin amaçlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bunların yanı sıra incelenen örnekler özelinde en sık kullanılan söz sanatları türleri ve çevirilerinde genellikle tercih edilen strateji ve uygulamalar belirlenmiştir.
A Phenomenological Approach towards Early Literacy Development Practices of Early Childhood Teachers
Authors: DURUK Eda
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this research is to make early childhood teachers acquire an innovative approach towards their early literacy development practices by introducing them the use of three different techniques about creative story-writing and storytelling to be used within their classrooms, making them incorporate these techniques in the implementation sessions by writing and telling their own stories, evaluating the challenges and successes that they faced in the learning-teaching process, and finally, taking a deeper insight into their perceptions towards the use of the techniques within their classroom environment. The qualitative research includes the introduction of three story-writing and storytelling techniques and implementation of them through collaborative group work. The data was comprised of semi-structured interviews, diaries kept by the participants, and observations of the whole workshop program by the researcher which were all video recorded. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that such new techniques could not only support kindergarten children’s early literacy development but also make it fun for the children which could activate them and increase their engagement within the activities. The techniques also yielded some developmental areas for early childhood teachers together with the strengths they offer when used in storytelling and story writing.
Dijitalleşmenin Yerel Medyanın Dönüşümündeki Etki Ve Sonuçları
Authors: DELİBAŞ İbrahim
Published: October 2023

Bu makalede, dijitalleşmenin yerel medya üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Yerel medyanın dijitalleşme süreci, dijitalleşmenin hayatın hemen her alanında yaygınlaşması ile paralel bir seyirde başlamış ve geleneksel medya uygulamalarının internet etkisinde farklılaşması ile devam etmiştir. Ulusal medyada dijitalleşme ekonomik imkanların genişliğine bağlı olarak daha hızlı bir biçimde hayata geçirilirken yerel medya kuruluşlarında bu süreç daha ağır ve daha zorlu ilerlemiştir. Bu bakımdan yerel medyanın dijitalleşmesini bir süreç olarak değerlendirmek mümkün olmaktadır. İlk oluşum sürecinde yerel medya kuruluşları dijitalleşmeye henüz geçiş sürecinde nitelikli personel, finansal kaynaklar ve faaliyet stratejisi gibi prosesleri oluşturmak zorunda kalmış ve bu aşamada hem okur kitlesinde hem de reklam gelirlerinde ciddi daralmalarla karşı karşıya kalmışlardır. Abonelik ve reklam gelirleri temelinde faaliyet gösteren yerel medya, dijitalleşmeyle birlikte bu gelirlerinde azalma yaşamış ve dolayısıyla dijitalleşme yatırımlarında da ulusal medyaya nazaran daha ağır kalmıştır. İlerleyen zaman, yerel medyanın dijitalleşmesi ve yeni medya düzenine uyum sağlamasını zorlu bir süreç sonrasında mümkün kılmış ve böylelikle yerel medya kuruluşları yeni reklam stratejileri, haber biçimleri, daha güncel haber oluşturma imkanı gibi dijitalleşme avantaşlarını yakalamak suretiyle gelirlerini artırma ve faaliyetlerinde sürekliliği tesis edebilme seyrine girebilmişlerdir. Ancak, dijitalleşme imtiyaz sahipleri için yeni gelir kapıları oluştururken mevcut çalışanların bir kısmının da iş kayıpları yaşamalarına neden olmuştur.
Onat Kutlar’ın "Kediler" İsimli Hikâyesinde Gerçekliğin Farklı Boyutları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ayşe Nur
Published: October 2023

Türk edebiyatında 1950’lerdeki modernist kırılmanın yanı sıra yaşanan siyasal ve kültürel dönüşümle ve Batılı akımların/yazarların etkisiyle yeni tarzda hikâyeler yazan bir kuşak oluşur. Özellikle basmakalıp söylemleri reddeden, hem klasik gerçekçiliğe hem de toplumcu gerçekçi edebiyat geleneklerine karşı çıkan, önceki kuşaklardan farklı bir sanat ve gerçeklik anlayışını temsil eden ve bireyin içsel yönünü merkeze alan hikâyeler kaleme alan kuşağın yazarları, biçim ve anlatım olanakları açısından da yeni teknikler kullanır.

1950 kuşağı hikâyecileri arasında müstesna bir yeri olan Onat Kutlar’ın 1959 yılında kaleme aldığı ilk hikâye kitabı olan İshak, 1960’ta Türk Dil Kurumu hikâye ödülü ile taltif edilmiştir. Henüz küçük yaşlarda bu vadide denemeler yapmaya başlayan yazarın yirmi üç yaşında ortaya koyduğu, dokuz hikâyeden oluşan bu eseri, büyük övgülere mazhar olmuş ve kimi araştırmacılar tarafından Türk edebiyatında büyülü gerçekçiliğin izlerini taşıyan ilk örnek olarak değerlendirilmiştir. İlk ve orta öğrenimini Gaziantep’te tamamlayan Kutlar’ın hayatından, çocukluğunu ve ilk gençlik yıllarını geçirdiği Gaziantep’ten izler taşıyan bu eserin Batılı kimi modernist tekniklerle de münasebeti vardır. Gerçekliğin farklı katmanlar ya da varlık düzeyleri şeklinde çoğullaştığı bu eserde fantastik motifler de gözlemlenmektedir. Dolayısıyla modernist tekniklerle kaynaşmış yerli bir temel üzerine inşa edilen bu hikâyelerde yazarın gerçekliğin farklı katmanlarında dolaştığı ve özgül bir kurmaca mantığının işlediği görülür. Hikâyelerden özellikle “Kediler”de gerçekliğin doğası klasik realizm akımının oldukça dışındadır.

Çalışmamızda, “Kediler” isimli hikâyede gerçekliğin farklı tabakaları üzerine bir inceleme yaparak Onat Kutlar ile ilgili bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.
Exploring the Efficacy of Video Project Assignments in English Language Learning through the Lens of Tertiary-Level EFL Students
Authors: AYAR Zülal
Published: October 2023

Convenient methods for the instruction of foreign languages are constantly in quest as a consequence of incessant technological breakthroughs at a rapid speed. Video-making project has turned out to be a prominent technique that allows learners to be actively involved in the target language and utilize L2 in real-world situations with “intake” they obtained from in-class setting. English language students’ perceptions concerning the effectiveness of these multimodal resources in their learning experience as non-examination assessment tools have not, however, been the objective of many studies within online EFL contexts. Hence, this study was directed at seeking the relationship between EFL learners’ perceptions of the efficacy of group project assignments on their L2 competence, language learning process, and implementations in online classes. To that end, 75 sophomore Turkish students in tertiary-level education enrolled in a compulsory online module of English partook in the research by filling out a 17-item questionnaire. The results portray the positive relations between their perceptions towards the influences of those projects on language proficiency and target language learning phases, whereas a significant relationship was not detected between their implementations in online settings and contributions to the L2 learning process. Nevertheless, the optimistic approach of EFL students to exploit these projects as effective tools for English proficiency mediated the link between these two foregoing sub-dimensions. Accordingly, some suggestions were provided for future research directions.
Implementation of an Alternative Training Method for Cardiac Blood Collection in Mice
Authors: George April J , O'Malley Carly I , Bulock Rachel EB , Harmsen Brianne J , Brado Glenn E , Turner Patricia V , Williams Wendy O
Published: October 2023

Training personnel to work with animals presents a variety of challenges, both logistically and with regard to animal welfare. These issues make training an ideal opportunity to evaluate practices and to implement the 3R principles (refinement, replacement, and reduction). Cardiac blood
collection from mice is a procedure that can compromise the 3Rs by requiring repeated practice and animal euthanasia. The development of a non-animal training model would promote the 3R principles. Our goals for the development of a new training model for cardiac blood collection from mice
were to reduce the number of mice needed to achieve competency, improve our culture of care, and refine the training approach by improving competency. The training model was developed using commonly available materials. The total cost of the model was less than $15 USD per model. Two
training curricula were conducted concurrently over a 5-mo period: 1) a curriculum in which trainees used the model before progressing to live mice and 2) the traditional curriculum, which used euthanized mice throughout. The measured variables included the total number of mice used, proportions
of trainees who reached competency, the time needed to reach competency, method comprehension, quality of skill performance, trainer and trainee feedback, and training costs. The alternative group used at least 10 fewer mice per technician as compared with the traditionally trained group.
The alternative group had a higher competency rate, with 82% (9 of 11 trainees) reaching competency compared with 60% (3 of 5 trainees) in the traditional group. Skill comprehension and quality were superior in the alternative group, as evidenced by fewer gross lesions at necropsy. Overall,
personnel in the alternative group provided positive feedback with regard to the use of fewer mice, acquisition of both skill and confidence, and benefits for compassion fatigue. The use of this model is now our standard approach for training personnel in cardiac blood collection in mice.
Our results demonstrate that the use of models in training curricula can enhance skill development and reduce the use of mice.
Антимикробная активность эфирных масел Thymus serpyllum L. и Thymus marschallianus Willd. в отношении Candida albicans
Authors: Шаповал О. Г. , Шереметьева А. С. , Дурнова Н. А. , Мухамадиев Н. К. , Раббимова Г. Т. , Назирбеков М. Х.
Published: October 2023

Эфирные масла растений являются источниками антимикробных веществ широкого спектра действия и могут оказаться эффективными в борьбе с возбудителями микозов, включая оппортунистические грибы рода Candida. Целью исследования явилась оценка антимикробной активности эфирных масел Thymus serpyllum L. и Thymus marschallianus Willd. в отношении грибов Candida albicans. Получение эфирных масел осуществляли из травы указанных видов растений методом паровой гидродистилляции, оценку антимикробной активности проводили диско-диффузионным методом и методом серийных разведений. Последним методом определяли также антимикробную активность эмульсий эфирных масел, приготовленных на основе сурфактантов и косурфактантов. В качестве опытных штаммов взяты 6 клинических штаммов C. albicans, выделенных из мочи, носоглотки и мокроты. Диско-диффузионным методом установлено, что эфирные масла обоих видов растений сильно подавляют видимый рост опытных штаммов грибов вплоть до полного отсутствия газона при наличии достаточного сливного роста в контроле и агаре с антимикотическими препаратами. МИК эфирного масла T. serpyllum для штаммов грибов составили 0,49 – 3,9, масла T. marschallianus 0,49 – 0,98 мкл/мл. МИК 5 % эмульсий эфирных масел, приготовленных на основе растворов сурфактантов и косурфактантов, оказались значительно ниже: 0,04 – 0,19 и 0,09 – 0,19 мкг/мл соответственно. Эфирные масла тимьянов T. marschallianus и T. serpyllum обладают сопоставимой и достаточно высокой антимикробной активностью в отношении опытных штаммов C. albicans и могут рассматриваться как перспективные антимикробные агенты в лечении кандидозов мочеполовых путей.