bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Efficacy of Topical Clindamycin versus Niacinamide in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris: a Systematic Review
Authors: Leonita Eden , Setyaningrum Trisniartami , Qorib Mohammad Fathul , - Damayanti
Published: April 2022

Background: Acne vulgaris (AV) is one of the most common skin diseases among teenagers and is treated based on its severity. Mild acne is treated with topical agents, while moderate and severe acne are treated with a combination of topical and systemic agents. Topical agents that are often used for acne are antibiotics, such as topical clindamycin. Widespread use of antibiotics to treat AV causes resistance problems. Therefore, alternative therapies are needed to prevent resistance to topical clindamycin, such as topical niacinamide, which has anti-inflammatory effects without inducing resistance problems. Purpose: To compare the efficacy of topical clindamycin and topical niacinamide in mild to moderate AV. Methods: In this systematic review, a literature search was carried out through 6 databases, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria were written in English or Indonesian, published in 2010-2020, randomized controlled trial (RCT) study design, conducted on human samples, and discussed the efficacy comparison of topical clindamycin and niacinamide in mild to moderate AV. Studies that were not accessible in full-text and based on secondary data were excluded. Quality and risk of bias assessments were done using The Jadad Scale and Risk of Bias 2 (RoB 2). Result: Acne severity was reduced significantly in both topical clindamycin and niacinamide groups, and there was no efficacy difference between these groups. Both topical clindamycin and topical niacinamide can cause mild side effects. Conclusion: Topical niacinamide can be an alternative therapy to topical clindamycin because they are both effective in treating mild to moderate AV.
Ceramide is More Effective than Shea Butter in Maintaining Skin Acidity
Authors: Widyastuti Zilpa , Widhiati Suci
Published: April 2022

Background: Skin is the largest organ that functions as a physical barrier. Stable skin pH can maximize its function. Ceramide and shea butter cream have components that maintain the skin pH in the stratum corneum. Purpose: The aim is to compare ceramide and shea butter cream effects on skin pH. Methods: The experimental analytic study was performed on 30 respondents. The skin pH measurement was done before applying creams and 30 days after applying ceramide cream and shea butter cream. Ceramide cream was applied on the right volar and shea butter cream on the left volar. Comparative analysis with a paired t-test was used with a significant value of p<0.05. Results: The average skin pH after applying ceramide cream was 4,61±1,19, while shea butter cream was 5,30±1.07. The derivation of skin pH after ceramide cream application was 1,57±1,26, and that of shea butter cream was 0,88±1,14. The application of ceramide cream showed a lower pH than shea butter cream significantly, with p=0.025. Conclusion: The intervention using ceramide and shea butter cream for 30 days could lower the skin pH level. The derivation of skin pH with ceramide is more significant than using shea butter cream. Ceramide can be considered to maintain skin homeostasis and skin pH.
Recurrent Verruca Vulgaris Treated with Combination of 80% Trichloroacetate and Electrosurgery: a Case Report
Authors: Pramita Nyoman Yoga Maya , Winaya Ketut Kwartantaya , Darmaputra I Gusti Nyoman
Published: April 2022

Background: Verruca vulgaris is one of the most common benign skin tumor caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) type  1, 2, 3, 4, 27 and 57. HPV caused infection is often recurrent leading to frustration due to loss of time and medical expenses. Monotherapy gives a varied response, and in the case of recurrence, combination therapy can be an option. Purpose: To evaluate the cause and management of recurrent verruca vulgaris. Case: This is a case report of a 33 years-old man complaining of a recurrent wart with a rough surface on his right index finger in the past three months. Initially the patient was treated with electrosurgery, but the warts came back. The patient was a smoker. The warts disappeared after electrosurgery and two sessions of 80% trichloroacetate (TCA), and at the 4th week of observation no new lesion was reported. Discussion: Recurrence of verruca vulgaris often occurs using monotherapy, thus requires other modalities. The combination of electrocautery and 80% TCA provides good clearance with low recurrence. Conclusion: Combination treatment for recurrent warts is effective for clearing the lesion and prevent recurrence.
Atualizações sobre os transtornos obsessivo-compulsivo e relacionados: histórico, aspectos clínicos e classificações contemporâneas
Authors: Frota Ilgner Justa , Moura Victor Elmo Gomes Santos de , Moura Fé Augusto Andrade Campos de , Campos Eugênio de Moura
Published: April 2022

Objetivos: Ampliar a compreensão da evolução histórica das concepções clínicas e da taxonomia dos transtornos do espectro obsessivo-compulsivo, assim como atualizar os profissionais na formulação desses diagnósticos. Metodologia: Foram examinadas todas as edições das classificações publicadas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e pela Associação Psiquiátrica Americana, além dos principais livros-texto de psiquiatria clínica, de textos sobre a história e a evolução desses diagnósticos e de artigos científicos escritos pelas equipes responsáveis pela revisão das classificações atuais. Resultados: Após a descrição de alguns conceitos básicos, apresenta-se um apanhado histórico das principais mudanças nosológicas e nosográficas relacionadas a esses transtornos ao longo do tempo. Em seguida, finaliza-se com uma breve descrição de cada uma das entidades clínicas desse grupo, conforme estão definidas atualmente nos manuais, de forma a facilitar o reconhecimento e a efetivação de tais diagnósticos na prática. Conclusão: Nas classificações psiquiátricas atuais, ocorreram uma série de modificações no grupo dos transtornos obsessivo‑compulsivo e relacionados. É importante que essas inovações sejam amplamente difundidas, incorporadas aos processos de formação profissional, a programas de capacitação e treinamento, implicando incremento de competências na prática clínica e propiciando uma comunicação mais precisa e uniforme de dados clínicos.
SARS-CoV-2-Infection (COVID-19): Clinical Course and Cause(s) of Death
Authors: Ramadori Giuliano
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Two years after first patients approached the emergency rooms of hospitals in Wuhan becouse of respiratory distress,thousend of SARS-CoV-2 infected persons continue to die every day worldwide.SARS-CoV-2-infected patients undergo a process of dehydration and malnutrition before they develop respiratory problems and approach the emergency room of a hospital.This is,in many cases, the consequence of high fever which causes massive loss of fluids. In addition loss of appetite, is responsible for the deficit of protein intake.Most of the virus-infected patients admitted to the emergency room are therefore hypovolemic and hypoproteinemic and suffer of respiratory distress accompanied by ground grass opacities at CT-scan of the lungs.Critically ill patients are treated following the guidelines for treatment of septic shock but with „conservative“ fluid replacement and administration of diuretics to assure sufficient hourly urine production. The combination of conservative fluid administration with reduced protein content in the enterally administered diet, together with administration of diuretics, has severe hemodynamic consequenses in mostly aged,dehydrated,critically ill patients. Many of them will develop acute kidney injury in the next 24 hours.In most of the cases, patients continue to loose weight by loosing skeletal muscle mass. Ischemic damage in the lung capillaries is responsible for the acute respiratory distreass syndrome (ARDS) and for the hallmark of autoptic findings,diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) characterized by hyaline membrane formation,fluid invasion of the alveoli recruitment of some inflammatory cells and progressive arrest of blood flow in the pulmonary vessels.The consequence is progressive congestion , increase of lung weight and progressive hypoxia (progressive severity of ARDS).Sequestration of blood in the lungs worsen hypovolemia and ischemia in different organs.This is most probably responsible for recruitment of inflammatory cells and for persistance of elevated serum levels of positive acute-phase markers and of hypoalbuminemia. Autoptic studies have been performed mostly in patients who died in the ICU after SARS-CoV-2-infection because of progessive ARDS.In those patients, tubulus epithelium necrosis in the kidney is a frequent finding as it has been the case in the first SARS-CoV-1 pandemic.In the death certification charts, many times weeks after first symptoms have started ,cardiac arrest is the cause of death after respitatory insufficiency.Replacement therapy with sufficient amount of fluid and albumin should be part of the early individualized life-saving supportive measures avoiding mechanical ventilation.
Perbandingan Kejadian Anemia Pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis dengan Hipertensi Terkontrol dan Tidak Terkontrol
Authors: Usmani Elisabeth Yuaninda , Tri Kusuma Dewi Ratih , Nurhayatun Evi
Published: April 2022

Pendahuluan: Penyakit Ginjal Kronis (PGK) merupakan sesuatu penyakit yang ditandai dengan terdapatnya kelainan struktural ataupun fungsional pada ginjal yang berlangsung paling sedikit 3 bulan. Terdapat beberapa penyakit atau kondisi klinis yang menjadi etiologi PGK, salah satunya adalah hipertensi. Disfungsi endotel yang menjadi salah satu pemicu dari bermacam penyakit vaskular kronis termasuk hipertensi, menginisiasi produksi dari sebagian sitokin pro-inflamasi yang bisa menimbulkan penekanan eritropoiesis. Sitokin pro-inflamasi pula ikut serta dalam resistensi eritropoietin yang menimbulkan anemia. Anemia pada PGK berhubungan dengan penurunan kualitas hidup, kenaikan penyakit kardiovaskular, kenaikan rawat inap, kendala kognitif, serta kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan kejadian anemia pada pasien PGK dengan hipertensi yang terkontrol dan tidak terkontrol.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang (cross sectional). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Moewardi pada bulan Juli-November 2021 dengan jumlah sampel 110 pasien PGK yang sudah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien, kemudian data dianalisis secara statistik dengan Uji Chi-Square.
Hasil: Berdasarkan analisis Chi-Square didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan (p < 0,001) antara kejadian anemia dengan status hipertensi pada pasien PGK dan perbandingan kejadian anemia pada pasien PGK dengan hipertensi tidak terkontrol dibandingkan hipertensi yang terkontrol adalah 54:10.
Simpulan: Kejadian anemia pada pasien PGK dengan hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan hipertensi yang terkontrol.
Kata Kunci: Penyakit Ginjal Kronis; Hipertensi; Anemia.
Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) Menurunkan Ekspresi Reseptor ACE2 (Pintu Masuk SARS-CoV-2) Duodenum Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Model Sindrom Metabolik Terinduksi
Authors: Haningtyas Nabila , Budiani Dyah Ratna , Subandono Jarot
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Pendahuluan: Tanda-tanda umum sindrom metabolik (SM) mampu mempengaruhi integritas epitel duodenum, inflamasi duodenum, mikrobiota usus, dan aktivasi sistem RAS. Daun kelor memeiliki berbagai manfaat dalam mengatasi faktor risiko dari sindrom metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanolik daun kelor terhadap tingkat ekspresi reseptor ACE2 pada tikus Wistar model sindrom metabolik. Peningkatan ekspresi ACE2 akan meningkatkan juga risiko terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Ekspresi ACE2 yang meningkat akan memicu lebih banyak jalan masuk bagi SARS-CoV-2 dan memungkinkan pelepasan sitokin berlebih.
Metode: Penelitian bersifat eksperimental laboratorik dengan post-test only control group design dan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu KI sebagai kelompok kontrol; KII sebagai kelompok dengan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak dan induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide; KIII, KIV, dan KV sebagai kelompok dengan pemberian pakan tinggi lemak dan induksi streptozotocin-nicotinamide serta ekstrak etanolik daun kelor selama 28 hari pada dosis 150 mg/KgBB, 250 mg/KgBB, dan 350 mg/KgBB. Tingkat ekspresi ACE2 dihitung menggunakan rumus IDS kemudian dianalisis dengan uji independent t-test, uji One-Way ANOVA yang dilanjutkan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD, dan uji regresi linier sederhana.
Hasil: Skor ekspresi ACE2 tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok KII (279.04) dan nilai terendah pada kelompok KV (218.16). Uji statistik menunjukkan perbedaan ekspresi ACE2 duodenum yang signifikan (p < 0.05) pada kelompok KI dan KII terhadap KIV dan KV; KII terhadap KIV; KIV terhadap KI, KII, dan KIII; dan KV terhadap KI dan KII. Selain kelompok yang telah disebutkan, didapatkan hasil perbedaan ekspresi ACE2 duodenum tidak signifikan (p > 0.05).
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanolik daun kelor (Moringa oleifera, Lam.) dengan dosis 250 mg/KgBB dan 350 mg/KgBB mampu menurunkan tingkat ekspresi ACE2 jaringan duodenum tikus Wistar sindrom metabolik secara signifikan.
Kata Kunci: Sindrom Metabolik; Duodenum; ACE2; Moringa oleifera; Ekstrak Daun Kelor
Food Insecurity and Delayed or Forgone Medical Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bertoldo Jaclyn , Wolfson Julia A. , Sundermeir Samantha M. , Edwards Jeffrey , Gibson Dustin , Agarwal Smisha , Labrique Alain
Published: April 2022

Objectives. To describe food insecurity in the United States in December 2020 and examine associations with underuse of medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods. We fielded a nationally representative Web-based survey in December 2020 (n = 8318). Multivariable logistic regression models and predicted probabilities were used to evaluate factors associated with food insecurity and compare the likelihood of delaying or forgoing medical care because of cost concerns by food security status.

Results. In December 2020, 18.8% of US adults surveyed reported experiencing food insecurity. Elevated odds of food insecurity were observed among non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and low-income respondents. Experiencing food insecurity was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of forgoing any type of medical care as a result of cost concerns.

Conclusions. Food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected non-White and low-income individuals. Experiencing food insecurity was a significant risk factor for delaying or forgoing medical care, an association that could have cumulative short- and long-term health effects.

Public Health Implications. Comprehensive policies that target the most at-risk groups are needed to address the high rates of food insecurity in the United States and mitigate its adverse health effects. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(5):776–785. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306724 )
Inconsistent Hydroclimate Responses in Different Parts of the Asian Monsoon Region during Heinrich Stadials
Authors: Cui Shukun , Zhou Xin , Tu Luyao , Liu Xiaoyan , Zhan Tao , Jiang Shiwei , Oyebanji Dorcas B. , Qiao Yansong , Liu Xuanqiao , Xue Hongpan , Yuan Yufeng , Shen Yanan
Published: April 2022

Heinrich (H) events are significant millennial climatic events that occurred during the last glacial period. Their footprints exited most parts of the global world, including the Asian monsoon (AM) region. However, the internal hydroclimatic characteristics of the AM system and their link to the external forcing during the H stadials are not fully understood. This study reconstructed monsoon precipitation changes during 33,000-12,500 a BP using grain size characteristics, elementary ratios, and pollen percentages from sediments of a crater lake (Tianchi Lake) in northeastern China. The H1 ~ H3 events are identified by high values of median grain size (MGS) and low values of Fe/Mn ratios and pollen percentages. By comparison with other records in the AM region, we found that H events in monsoon precipitation records were more obvious in the relatively higher-latitude region than in the lower-latitude sites. These inconsistent responses within the AM region during the H stadials might be attributed to both the high- and low-latitude climate processes.
PROTOCOLS AND OTHER VOLUNTARY COMMITMENTS WITHIN EUROPEAN TRANSNATIONAL INSOLVENCY REGULATION, EIR 848/2015
Authors: Pasquariello Federica
Published: April 2022

In response to cross-border insolvencies, conflicts of law and jurisdiction may arise and they cannot be resolved in a strictly Territorial approach. In fact, in an era of globalized and interconnected economies, an insolvency proceeding on a narrow national basis, which coexists with at least one other local proceeding may leadto unexpected outcomes. Actually, under Territorialism, each Country seizes the debtor’s assets which are located within its borders and conducts a separate bankruptcy proceeding to divide those assets among local creditors according to local law, while no proceeding affects each other. This causes a sharp fragmentation of the active and passive masses, and produces disappointing effects both on the level of creditors’ recovery, and on the front of an increase of costs as well.
EL DERECHO DE SEPARACIÓN POR FALTA DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE DIVIDENDOS EN EL SENO DE LOS GRUPOS DE SOCIEDADES
Authors: Brenes Cortés Josefa
Published: April 2022

El apartado cuarto del artículo 348 bis de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital, incorporado por la Ley 11/2018, de 28 de diciembre reconoce un derecho de separación alternativo (cumulativo al del derecho de separación en cuentas individuales) en base a los resultados consolidados del grupo. La finalidad de la norma es la de garantizar a los socios de la sociedad dominante su propio derecho de separación en caso de insuficientes dividendos, lo que constituye una auténtica  novedad respecto a la redacción anterior del precepto.
Body Image Distortions and Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms among Singaporean Men: Do Exercise Status and Type matter?
Authors: Why Felix Yong-Peng , Cheong Shu-Han
Published: April 2022

Body image distortions and muscle dysmorphia symptoms were assessed among 78 Asian men who engaged in regular resistance training, aerobic training or did not engage in either. Body fat and muscularity were measured and participants also completed the Muscle Dysmorphia Disorder Inventory. Resistance trained participants selected a body shape ideal that was higher in muscularity and lower in body fat. Aerobically trained participants reported higher perceived current Body Fat even though their actual levels were close to their ideal. The results suggest that specificity in body image distortion (e.g., perceived current-ideal versus perceived current-actual) when examining body image distortions might reduce conflicting findings in extant research.
Mindfulness e Inteligencia Emocional: Semejanzas y Diferencias
Authors: Gómez-Díaz Magdalena , Delgado-Gómez María Soledad , Gómez-Sánchez Rosario
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo presentamos un breve recorrido por los actuales constructos de mindfulness e inteligencia emocional. Nuestro principal objetivo es mostrar la integración de ambas disciplinas y comprobar la utilidad de una junto a la otra. Cada vez son más las aportaciones científicas que exponen su aplicación en el campo de la salud y sus beneficios para la misma. Los estudios se centran en cada una de ellas por separado y son menos los que las integran. Por este motivo hemos realizado una revisión de la literatura científica existente sobre el tema y hemos organizado los datos obtenidos para mostrar la contribución de cada uno de los constructos. Por un lado, el mindfulness nos invita a tomar conciencia de los acontecimientos internos y externos que experimentamos a cada momento, con una actitud de aceptación, apertura y de “no juicio”. Y por otro lado, la inteligencia emocional nos pone el acento en la importancia que tiene nuestra vivencia emocional, la importancia que tiene identificar, clarificar, expresar, experimentar y reparar nuestras emociones. Podemos observar que una y otra, por separado, nos invitan a conocernos mejor y a tomar conciencia de aspectos hasta ahora no atendidos de forma explícita. Como conclusión, mindfulness e inteligencia emocional están conectadas por el hecho en sí de dedicarse ambas al mismo propósito: a proporcionar más autoconocimiento al ser humano. Por lo que su propósito hace que puedan trabajar juntas obteniendo resultados significativos en áreas como la psicoterapia y la salud en general.
Rehabilitación Cardíaca y Emociones Negativas en Cardiópatas
Authors: Jimenez Parra Monica Julieth
Published: April 2022

En el ámbito hospitalario la Rehabilitación Cardíaca constituye un servicio de prevención secundaria de gran importancia en el que trabaja un equipo multidisciplinar de cardiólogos, enfermeros y psicólogos, con el objetivo de retornar al paciente cardiópata a un estado de vida lo más normalizado posible tras el evento cardíaco. Aunque la rehabilitación cardiaca cuenta con un nivel A de evidencia científica, la reciente puesta en marcha de este servicio en el Hospital General Universitario de Elche hace que aún no se hayan presentado resultados sistemáticos de su eficacia en el área psicológica. El presente estudio muestra los resultados en factores psicológicos de riesgo de un grupo de seis pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica tras una intervención breve de corte cognitivo-conductual y en el posterior seguimiento a los tres meses. Aunque la mayoría de diferencias no resultan ser significativas, gran parte de las variables evaluadas han presentado cambios en la dirección esperada. Estos resultados se pueden considerar como un primer paso en la valoración del trabajo realizado por el área de psicología y en el seguimiento sistemático de los resultados obtenidos.
Rasgos de género, autoestima y satisfacción con la vida en adolescentes de la ciudad de Monterrey México.
Authors: Rodríguez Belmares Patricia , Álvarez Bermúdez Javier
Published: April 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la relación entre los rasgos de género, la autoestima y la satisfacción con la vida en jóvenes adolescentes escolarizados de la ciudad de Monterrey, México. Los participantes fueron 99 estudiantes de una escuela secundaria, siendo 53 hombres y 46 mujeres. Como instrumentos se utilizaron: el Inventario de Roles de Sexo de Bem (BSRI), la subescala de de autoestima de la prueba de calidad de vida Kiddo-Kind y la Escala de Satisfacción con la vida (SWLS), teniendo un nivel de confianza del 95%. Por medio del programa SPSS e realizaron análisis de distribución de frecuencias para observar las categorías y análisis de anova, al analizar las variables de categorías del género y autoestima se tuvo un nivel un tamaño del efecto de 2.94 y un nivel de significación estadística de .037; de igual forma en el resultado de anova sobre las categorías de género y satisfacción con la vida presentó un tamaño del efecto de .87 y un nivel de significación de .45. Como resultados se encontró que las medias más altas de las escalas las presentaron los sujetos con rasgos andróginos en comparación con las demás categorías, mostrando así mayor autoestima y mayor satisfacción con la vida, resultados similares se han encontrado en diversos estudios señalados en el artículo, por otro lado los sujetos con rasgos femeninos fueron los que mostraron menor autoestima comparado a los demás grupos, y los sujetos con rasgos masculinos presentaron menor satisfacción con la vida en comparación con las demás categorías.
Reserva cognitiva: Un análisis bibliométrico desde su implantación hasta la actualidad
Authors: Wobbeking Marina , Sánchez Cabaco Antonio , Urchaga Litago José David , Sitges Maciá Esther , Bonete López Beatriz
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: Se presenta un análisis sobre el desarrollo del concepto “Reserva Cognitiva” (RC) a través de los artículos científicos publicados en España. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido, por tanto, realizar un análisis bibliométrico sobre el concepto de RC analizando la productividad de los artículos en los que aparece dicho término. Método: las bases de datos utilizadas han sido CSIC, PSICODOC y DIALNET durante el periodo 2002-2016. Resultados: Del total de artículos encontrados (46), se han analizado diferentes indicadores bibliométricos como la productividad de las revistas, el año en el que ha habido mayor número de publicaciones, el tipo de estudio que predomina, los autores que más publican, las referencias más citadas, etc. Los resultados muestran que la fuente con mayor número de publicaciones es la Revista de Neurología y el periodo de mayor producción es 2013 y 2014. Tras analizar las redes de trabajo de los autores más destacados en el tema, podemos concluir que son los autores T. Mayordomo Rodríguez, J.C Meléndez Moral y A. Sales Galán quienes más han publicado en los últimos años, con cinco artículos cada uno de ellos. También, podemos confirmar que el tipo de estudio que predomina a lo largo de las publicaciones es el “experimental” y la palabra clave más relacionada con el término analizado es “envejecimiento-vejez”. El autor más citado es Stern quien fuese el pionero en utilizar el término. Conclusiones: En el momento actual, en el que cada vez hay mayor evidencia acerca de la eficacia de las intervenciones en la promoción del envejecimiento activo como estrategia preventiva del deterioro cognitivo y para compensar el declive cognitivo asociado al proceso de envejecimiento, parece que se justificaría un mayor número de publicaciones acerca de este tópico de salud. A pesar de ello, con este trabajo esperamos servir de apoyo y referencia para futuros estudios que cristalicen la utilidad heurística y clínica del constructo, elemento básico para la prevención del deterioro cognitivo y para la promoción del envejecimiento activo y saludable.
Search for New Types of Scientific Rationality in an Anthropological Crisis: a Relativistic Approach
Authors:   Belarusian State University, Terekhin Evgeny L.
Published: April 2022

The anthropological crisis, which has repeatedly occured in the history of mankind, is characterized, as a rule, by a restructuring of the picture of the world. A person finds him- or herself in a situation of uncertainty, confusion since his ideas about the surrounding reality no longer correspond to it. The cri­sis is accompanied by an intense search for new ideological foundations, mean­ings, and values. We are contemporaries of an unusual anthropological crisis that arose precisely in the conditions of a “technogenic” civilization (V.S. Stepin). The system of values and ideological attitudes, which V.S. Stepin called the “genome of culture”, have ceased to adequately ensure the development of soci­ety, which is focused on transforming the external world. At the same time, one of the fundamental values of this civilization is the idea of scientific rationality associated with the progress of science and fixed in the dominant picture of the world. Meanwhile, today an opinion becomes popular that it was the implemen­tation of this idea that largely determined the deformation of the social system in which a modern person has to exist. The article examines a relativistic approach to comprehending scientific rationality, within the framework of which not only the uniqueness and universality of the methodological criteria of scientific knowledge are questioned but also the dominant status of science itself as an in­strument of cognition and reflection of the world.
Eosinophilic pneumonia induced by lettuce: A case report
Authors: Nagano Tatsuya , Sekiya Reina , Moriyama Tatsuya , Kawaguchi Aki , Fukui Takafumi , Mimura Chihiro , Kimura Yohei , Ohnishi Hisashi , Kotani Yoshikazu , Nishiura Yoshihiro
Published: April 2022

Background: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) belongs to the Asteraceae family and is a vegetable widely consumed globally. Although lettuce is extensively cultivated and consumed, lettuce-associated occupational allergy is rarely reported. Herein, we are reporting a case of eosinophilic pneumonia induced by lettuce for the first time.Case presentation: A 56-year-old female lettuce farmer was admitted to the hospital with a low-grade fever, worsening cough, and dyspnoea. A blood test revealed eosinophilia and a high serum IgE concentration. A chest X-ray taken on admission showed an infiltrative shadow in the upper lung field. Chest CT revealed patchy ground glass opacity on the upper lung field and thickening of the bronchial wall. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contained 8% eosinophils. The IgG-binding proteins that reacted with the patient’s sera were identified by immunoblot analysis. She was diagnosed as lettuce induced eosinophilic pneumonia and was treated with prednisolone, and her symptoms and radiological findings improved. Wearing a mask and reducing the amount of the crop improved her symptoms the following year.Conclusions: This is the first case report about lettuce-induced eosinophilic pneumonia which occurred in a lettuce farmer. Antigen avoidance has reduced the patient’s symptoms.
Comparison of pedicle screw fixation with or without cement augmentation combined with single-segment isthmic spondylolisthesis in osteoporotic spine
Authors: Tang Yong-chao , Peng Jian-cheng , Guo Hui-zhi , Zhan Chen-guang , Huang Hua-sheng , Ma Yan-huai , Zhang Shun-cong , Xu Yue-rong , Mo Guo-ye
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the necessity of cement-augmented pedicle screw fixation in single-segment isthmic spondylolisthesis with osteoporosis.Method: Fifty-nine cases were reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-three cases were in the polymethylmethacrylate-augmented pedicle screw (PMMA-PS) group, and the other 26 cases were in the conventional pedicle screw (CPS) group. Evaluation data included operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization cost, hospitalization days, rates of fusion, screw loosening, bone cement leakage, visual analog scores (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS).Results: The operation time and blood loss in the CPS group decreased significantly compared to those in the PMMA-PS group (P < 0.05). The average hospitalization cost of the PMMA group was significantly higher than that of the CPS group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the average hospital stay between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The initial and last follow-up postoperative VAS and ODI improved significantly in the two groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in VAS and ODI at each time point between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The last postoperative spine-pelvic parameters were significantly improved compared with those preoperatively (P < 0.05). In the PMMA-PS group, the fusion rate was 100%. The fusion rate was 96.15% in the CPS group. No significant difference was found between the two groups for the fusion rate (P > 0.05). Nine patients in the PMMA-PS group had bone cement leakage (27.27%). There was no screw loosening in the PMMA-PS group. There were 2 cases of screw loosening in the CPS group. There were no significant differences in screw loosening, postoperative adjacent segment fractures, postoperative infection or postoperative revision between the 2 groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions: The use of PMMA-PS on a regular basis is not recommended for posterior lumbar interbody fusion for the treatment of single-segment isthmic spondylolisthesis with osteoporosis.
Insecticide treated eave nets and window screens for malaria control in Chalinze district, Tanzania: a study protocol for a household randomized control trial
Authors: Odufuwa Olukayode G. , Moore Sarah Jane , Mboma Zawadi Mageni , Muganga Joseph , Bosselmann Rune , Skovmand Ole , Bradley John
Published: April 2022

Background: Long-Lasting Insecticidal nets (LLINs) have contributed to the reduction of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. However, they rely on daily user behaviour and high coverage which is difficult to maintain. Also, insecticide resistance among malaria vector mosquitoes is contributing to reduced efficacy of control tools. To overcome these problems, we propose to evaluate a new tool for house modification, the dual active ingredient (dual AI) insecticide treated eave nets (ITENs) in combination with insecticide treated window screens (ITWS) for the control of malaria. Methods: Four hundred and fifty (450) households with intact walls, open eaves without screens or nets on the windows in Chalinze district will be eligible and recruited upon written informed consent. The households will be randomly allocated into two arms: one with ITENs and ITWS installed and the other without. Malaria parasite detection using a quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) will be conducted shortly after the long rain (June/July, 2022) as the primary outcome and shortly after the short rain (January/February, 2022) as the secondary outcome. Other secondary outcomes include clinical malaria cases, and density of malaria vectors and nuisance after the short rain and long rain. In addition, surveys will be conducted in households with ITENs and ITWS to estimate the intervention’s cost during installation, adverse effects after one month of installation, and presence, fabric integrity and user acceptance after six and twelve months of installation. Bioefficacy and chemical content will be evaluated after 12 months of installation. Discussion: ITENs and ITWS have been shown in Kenya to reduce indoor mosquito density. However, it was not known if the indoor mosquito density reduction translated into reduction of malaria cases. Data from the study will measure the public health value of an additional intervention for malaria control in areas of mosquito insecticide resistance that does not require daily adherence. Trial registration: The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.
A multi-center, prospective, open-label, randomized study to explore efficacy and safety of baricitinib in active primary Sjogren's syndrome patients
Authors: Bai Wei , Yang Fan , Xu Huji , Wei Wei , Li Hongbin , Zhang Liyun , Zhao Yi , Shi Xiaofei , Zhang Yan , Zeng Xiaofeng , Leng Xiaomei
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPrimary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease involving multiple organ systems. The Janus kinase/signal transduction and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is a key pathway involving the pathogenesis of pSS. Baricitinib, a selective JAK1 and JAK2 inhibitor, has been approved for treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis and reported in treatment of come other autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus. We have found that baricitinib might be effective and safety in pSS in a pilot study. However, there is no published clinical evidence of baricitinib in pSS. Hence, we conducted this randomized study to further explore the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in pSS.MethodsThis is a multi-center, prospective, open-label, randomized study to compare the efficacy of baricitinib + hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) with HCQ alone in pSS patients. We plan to involve 87 active pSS patients with European League Against Rheumatism pSS disease activity index (ESSDAI) ≥ 5 from eight different tertiary centers in China. Patients will be randomized (2:1) to receive baricitinib 4mg per day + HCQ 400mg per day or HCQ 400mg per day alone. We will switch HCQ to baricitinib + HCQ if the patient in the latter group has no ESSDAI response at week 12. The final evaluation will be at week 24. The primary endpoint is the percentage of ESSDAI response, or minimal clinically important improvement (MCII), which was defined as an improvement of ESSDAI at least three points at week 12. The secondary endpoints include EULAR pSS patient reported index (ESSPRI) response, change of Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score, serological activity parameters, salivary gland function test, and focus score on labial salivary gland biopsy.DiscussionThis is the first randomized controlled study to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of baricitinib in pSS. We hope that the result of this study can provide more reliable evidence of the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in pSS.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT05016297. Registered 19 Aug 2021.
Development of healthy lifestyle consciousness index for gynecological cancer patients
Authors: Higashiyama Nozomi , Yamaguchi Ken , Yamamoto Yosuke , Ueda Akihiko , Inayama Yoshihide , Egawa Miho , Yamanoi Koji , Taki Mana , Ukita Masayo , Hosoe Yuko , Horie Akihito , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Healthy lifestyle is related to quality of life (QOL) after cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, there are few reports on patients conscious of healthy lifestyle and patients requiring medical providers’ attention regarding healthy lifestyle. We aimed to develop a healthy lifestyle consciousness index (HLCI) for cancer patients and evaluated its validity in gynecological cancer patients.Methods: The HLCI was designed to assess degree of healthy lifestyle consciousness, including items regarding "diet," "exercise," "body weight," and "sleep.” Exploratory factor analysis was performed for dimensionality of the scale; Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess internal-consistency reliability. For criterion-based validity, we calculated proportions of stage III/IV gynecological malignancies in those with categorized HLCI scores based on tertiles. Concurrent validity was evaluated between HLCI and other quality of life (QOL) scales including European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 in limited patients.Results: HLCI comprised five 10-point items (0–45); higher values implied improved healthy lifestyle consciousness. Data from 108 gynecological malignancy patients at Kyoto University Hospital were analyzed. The mean age of subjects was 55.8 years; 36.1% of them had uterine corpus cancer; 34.3% were at stage III/IV of gynecological malignancy. The factor analysis revealed HLCI was unidimensional; the reliability based on Cronbach’s alpha was satisfactory (0.88). The proportions of stage III/IV gynecological malignancies were 25.7%, 33.3%, and 44.4% in those with first (7–24 points), second (25–30 points), and third (31–46 points) tertiles of HLCI score, respectively. For patients with other QOL scales (n=25), the mean scores of global health status of QLQ-C30 were 33.3 50.0, and 83.3 for first, second, and third tertiles of HLCI score, respectively. Conclusion: HLCI was successfully validated; thus, patients with advanced stages or higher QOL might have strong consciousness regarding healthy lifestyle. HLCI may be useful in precision care for improved lifestyles and QOL.
How rainfalls influence urban traffic congestion and its associated economic losses at present and in future: taking cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China for example?
Authors: Zhou Yi , Mao Sicheng , Zhao Haile , Zhang Guoliang , Chen Xin , Jin Yuling , Xu Lin , Pan Zhihua , An Pingli , Lun Fei
Published: April 2022

Traffic congestion is one of serious problems in cities; rainfalls would exacerbate traffic congestion, and thus result in huge economic losses. However, limited studies focused on how rainfalls influenced traffic congestion and its associated economic losses. Based on detailed hourly data, we estimated how traffic congestion index (TCI) changed with different rainfall intensities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China, and we also explored their economic losses. The results illustrated that all cities presented the similar trend of daily traffic congestion, and morning peak occurred 2 hours later on holidays than workdays. Rainfall had significant impacts on traffic congestion for most time windows, except midnight. Traffic congestion increased with rainfall intensities, but smaller cities were more vulnerable to rainfall intensity than megacities. Rainfalls led to 0.98 billion yuan of extra economic losses in 2019, 38% of which occurred under heavy rainfalls. Traffic congestion in 2019 caused a total economic cost of 31.5 billion yuan in the BTH region (0.4% of its GDP), including the recurrent cost and economic losses due to rainfalls; besides, the social cost and direct cost contributed the same share of 49.4%, with 1.2% from the environmental costs. Considering future urban development and climate change, it is beneficial to establish the climate-resilient transportation system for avoiding future serious traffic congestion as well as huge economic losses in future.
Minimally Invasive Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion for L4-5: Surgical Outcomes and Perioperative Complications
Authors: Cong Hai-Bo , Jin Cheng-Zhen , Cong Zhi-Chao , Yu Zhi-Ping , Kim Jin-Sung
Published: April 2022

Purpose:Oblique lateral interbody fusion is increasingly being used by spine surgeons due to its many advantages. Although clinical analysis of oblique lateral interbody fusion has been assessed in many studies, surgical outcomes and perioperative complications of oblique lateral interbody fusion technique at L4-5 level have been rarely reported. The aim of this study is to investigate surgical outcomes and perioperative complications of oblique lateral interbody fusion for patients with degenerative disorders at L4-5, with it being the most common level of degenerative lumbar spine disease. Methods: Twenty-eight patients who underwent oblique lateral interbody fusion at L4-5 were enrolled. The numeric rating scale and Oswestry disability index score were used to assess clinical and functional outcomes. Radiological data included fusion rate, as well as measured changes in the disc and bilateral foramen height. Perioperative complications were also assessed. Results: The numeric rating scales for back and leg, and Oswestry disability index were significantly improved at postoperative 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year compared with preoperative condition (p < 0.05). The changes in the disc height, bilateral foramen height, and segmental lordotic angle between the preoperative and postoperative periods were significant (p < 0.05). Disc heights at postoperative 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years were 12.1, 12.0, and 11.7mm, respectively. The segmental lordotic angle at postoperative 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years were 14.9, 14.2, and 14.6 degrees, respectively. Fusion rates at postoperative 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year were 85.71%, 96.42%, and 100%, respectively. Complications occurred in 7 of 28 patients, there was no major complication (0%) occurred. Sympathetic chain symptoms were the most common approach-related complications. Conclusion: Oblique lateral interbody fusion could be considered as an acceptable surgical option for degenerative lumbar lesions, especially at L4-5 level.
Assembling plant diversity mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and achieves high nitrogen removal when treating the low-C/N wastewater by constructed wetlands
Authors: Jiang Hang , Du Yuanyuan , Han Wenjuan , Wang Lichunxiao , Xiang Chenxu , Ge Ying , Chang Jie
Published: April 2022

The low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio in wastewater will inhibit pollutant removal, and more seriously, it will cause an increment of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions of constructed wetlands (CWs). Raising the C/N ratio of wastewater is an effective way to solve this problem, while it may cause secondary pollution and is costly. Assembling plant diversity promotes N removal, while the effects of plant diversity and increasing C/N ratio on global warming potential (GWP) combined by N2O and methane (CH4) is lack of comparison. In this study, 108 CW microcosms were established to explore the effects of increasing the C/N ratio from 1 to 5 and assembling plant diversity on N removal and GHG emissions. Results showed that when the C/N ratio was 1, (1) increasing species richness reduced N2O and CH4 emissions then reduced the GWP by 70%; (2) the presence of Arundo donax in microcosms reduced GWP by 72%; (3) an A. donax × Tradescantia fluminensis × Reineckia carnea mixture resulted in a high N removal and decreased the GWP per g N removal by 92% with a cost increment of 0.05 USD per m3 wastewater treated; and (4) as the C/N ratio increasing to 5, the GWP per g N removal of monocultures was reduced by 96%, but the cost increased by at least 0.29 USD per m3 wastewater treated. In summary, configuring plant diversity in CWs is an efficient, clean and cost-effective measure to treat wastewater with a low C/N ratio.
The expression of Lin28 in gastric cancer cells treated with an anticancer bioactive peptide combined with oxaliplatin in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Li Xian , Kang Lihua , Peng Jiaqi , Han Wenyan , Su Xiulan
Published: April 2022

Gastric cancer has become one of the major diseases threatening human health. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of an anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP) combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) on MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 differentiated human gastric cancer cells and GES-1 immortalized human gastric mucosal epithelial cells. And the therapeutic effect and action mechanism of short-term intermittent ACBP combined with OXA on nude mice with human gastric cancer were investigate. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of these agents in these cells were measured by an MTT assay, and cell morphological changes were observed by H&E staining. The expression of Lin28, miR-107, miR-609 and Let-7 in these four cell lines was determined by q-PCR after drug treatment. Lin28 protein expression in these four cell lines treated with these drugs was measured by western blotting. Furthermore, activity and quality of life were observed daily in all tumor-bearing nude mice, and the expression of Lin28 in tumor tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The results showed that ACBP inhibited the proliferation of MKN-45, SGC7901, and NCI-N87 gastric cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and weakly suppressed the proliferation of GES-1 cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effect on proliferation was stronger in poorly differentiated gastric cancer cells. ACBP, OXA and the combination upregulated Lin28 gene expression in MKN-45 cells and downregulated it in SGC7901 and GES-1 cells. ACBP and the combination therapy downregulated Let-7 expression in MKN-45 cells and upregulated Let-7 expression in SGC7901 cells. The combination of ACBP with OXA has significant anticancer sensitization on oxaliplatin, and also significantly improves the quality of life of tumor-bearing nude mice and reduces the toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on nude mice. Therefore, ACBP alone and in combination with oxaliplatin influenced the expression of tumor stem cell marker gene Lin28 and regulated the expression of microRNAs specifically regulated by Lin28. In addition, the anticancer effects and attenuated sensitization effects of ACBP may be related to the Lin28/miRNA-107 signaling pathway, acting by inhibiting the proliferation of cancerous stem cells.