bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Fiber Properties of Eucalyptus globulus grown in Farta Woreda as Potential Source for Pulp and Paper Making, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebeyehu Daniel , Abara Lamesa , Genene Degnechew
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the fiber properties and pulp and paper-making potential of Eucalyptus globulus grown in Farta Woreda, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. Six trees with an age of eight years were sampled, and sample discs were taken at the bottom (10%), middle (50%) and top (90%) along the tree height, as well as 2x2x2 cm blocks of wood at 10%, 50% and 90% of the disc radius (distance from the pith to the bark of the tree). Fiber properties were determined, and their variation along tree height and transversally from pith to bark was evaluated. The results showed that the overall mean values along tree height and distance from the pith to the bark were 0.77mm for fiber length, 12.38µm for fiber diameter, 2.94µm for cell wall thickness, 8.23µm for lumen diameter, 19.61µm for fiber width, 0.74 for runkel ratio, 39.22% for slenderness ratio, 67.83% for flexibility coefficient, and 0.47 for wall coverage ratio. Fiber length, lumen and fiber diameter, fiber width, cell wall thickness, runkel, and wall coverage ratio decreased from the bottom to the top of the tree, while they increased transversally from the pith to the bark, except for lumen diameter and flexibility coefficient, which decreased transversally from the pith to the bark, whereas the flexibility coefficient value increased from the bottom to the top of the tree height. Slenderness ratio did not show significant variation along tree height, while it showed an increase transversally from the pith to the bark.
Comparison of fludarabine/melphalan (FluMel) with fludarabine/melphalan/BCNU or thiotepa (FBM/FTM) in patients with AML in first complete remission undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation – a registry study on behalf of the EBMT Acute Leukemia Working Party.
Authors: Duque-Afonso Jesus , Finke Jürgen , Ngoya Maud , Galimard Jacques-Emmanuel , Craddock Charles , Raj Kavita , Bloor Adrian , Nicholson Emma , Eder Matthias , Kim Orchard , Valerius Thomas , Snowden John , Tholouli Eleni , Crawley Charles , Collin Matthew , Wilson Keith , Gadisseur Alain , Protheroe Rachel , Wagner-Drouet Eva , Savani Bipin , Spyridonidis Alexandros , Ciceri Fabio , Nagler Arnon , Mohty Mohamad
Published: September 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Outcomes, toxicities and dosimetric comparison of different hypofractionated Intensity modulated Radiotherapy techniques for treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Elzawawy Sherif , Hewala Taha , Elzayat Doaa , Hammam Ramadan
Published: September 2022

Background: conventional fractionation IMRT is the standard treatment for localized prostate cancer patients. The objectives of this study were to evaluate safety and efficacy of Hypofractionated radiotherapy with dosimetric comparison between 5, 7 and 9 IMRT fields.
Methods: Low or intermediate risk patients included. Three sets of Inverse planning IMRT were carried out (5, 7 and 9 Fields) for each patient with total dose of 70 Gy/ 28 fractions.
Results: 20 patients were recruited. Regarding PTV coverage, there were no statistically significant differences regarding D2%, D5%, D50%, D95%, D98%, Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, conformity index, homogeneity index, between 5, 7 or 9 Fields. (p= 0.25, 0.38, 0.969, 0.057, 0.294, 0.057, 0.517, 0.969, 0.313 and 0.969, respectively). Statistically significant difference regarding longer treatment time (p= 0.039) and more monitor units (p= 0.015) between 5 and 9 fields with no significant difference between 7 and 9 fields. The mean doses to V25%, V35% and V50% of the rectum were significantly higher for the 5 fields compared to 7 and 9 fields (p=0.001, 0.001, 0.006). The 2 year biochemical control rate was 95% and the DFS was 100%. Acute gastero intestinal toxicities G1 55%, G2 40% and G3 5% while late toxicities G1 25% and G2 15%. Acute genitourinary toxicities G 1 60%, G2 35% and G3 5% and for late toxicities G1 30% and G2 10%. No late G3 nor G4 toxicities were observed.
Conclusion: Hypofractionated radiotherapy is safe and effective regarding the biochemical control and toxicity profile, more convenient and less costly.
Anatomical Characteristics of the Cast Tibial Intraosseous Artery
Authors: Wan Jiaming , Wang Hongyu , Zhang Yan , Zhang Xiangnan , Hou Ruixing
Published: September 2022

Background
Nonunion after tibial fracture is predominantly related to insufficient blood supply. Characterization of the anatomy of the tibial intraosseous artery is necessary to explore and develop therapeutic measures to prevent nonunion. However, quantitative indicators related to the tibial intraosseous artery are currently lacking. This study aimed to prepare pig tibia specimens with exposed intraosseous arteries and use these specimens to examine the anatomical characteristics of tibial intraosseous arteries.
Methods
Twenty isolated pig right legs with intact blood vessels were used to create cast specimens of the porcine tibia intraosseous artery by the perfusion corrosion method. The course, distribution, and branches of the intraosseous nutrient artery were observed with naked eye and optical microscopy. Intraosseous arteries with a diameter of ≥ 0.3 mm were counted and their diameters were measured using a microscopic ruler. The spatial distribution of each artery branch was determined using a circular protractor and a laser generator, and the obtained data were statistically analyzed.
Results
Porcine tibial intraosseous artery cast specimens were successfully produced and intraosseous arteries were clearly visible. The internal tibial artery is divided into the main trunk of the ascending and descending branches. The main trunk of the ascending branch sends out two primary branches, and each primary branch sends out 1–3 secondary branches. The branches are connected by communicating branches to form a circular anastomosis and merge into the proximal tibia. The main trunk of the descending branch descends for a certain distance in the medullary cavity and then divides into two primary branches, with each primary branch further dividing into 1–3 tree-like secondary branches that merge into the distal end of the tibia. The number of ascending and descending secondary branches of intraosseous arteries (diameter ≥ 0.3 mm) were 3.5 ± 0.71 and 2.63 ± 0.59, respectively, and the diameters of these branches were 0.56 ± 0.09 and 0.57 ± 0.11 mm, respectively.
Conclusion
This study quantitatively described the diameter, number, and distribution of pig tibial intraosseous arteries and provides a potential new method to study human tibial intraosseous arteries. Furthermore, these findings provide guidance for safe intraoperative fixation and reconstruction of blood supply to the broken end of the tibia.
Prevalence of low birth weight and associated factors among neonates born at Bale Zone,Oromia Region, Ethiopia 2019
Authors: Segni Mesfin Tafa , Gebretsadik Solomon , Worku Girma
Published: September 2022

Background: Low birth weight continues to be a significant public health problem globally and is associated with a range of both short- and long term consequences. Ethiopia, having an infant mortality rate of 59/1000 live births and has limited data on birth weight estimates as most deliveries take place at home leading to a highly biased maternal subjective inclusion of a “very small baby” in the reports. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of low birth weight among neonates delivered at Raitu district health facilities, Bale zone ,Ethiopia.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional Study design was applied from September 01 to October 15, 2019 among 374 neonates consecutively selected at Rayitu district public health facilities. The collected data was coded and entered into Epidata version 3 and exported to SPSS version 20 for data analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between dependant and independent variables. In bi-variable analysis co-variates with P-value of less than 0.25 was included in malty aviate analysis. The final model was interpreted using AOR with 95%; CI at P-value of less than 0.05.
Result: The prevalence of low birth weight at the study area was 5.3%. Among the 374 singleton live births in the study, 20 were low birth weight. Having family size >4 was 3.72 times (3.71(95%; CI; (1.34-10.38)) more likely has low birth weight. Mothers whose MUAC was <22cm were 4.96 times (AOR=4.96; 95%; CI (1.58-15.51)) more likely deliver low birth weight infants. Mothers whose CHO FFS of poor was 3.28 times(AOR=3.24; 95%;CI;(1.03-10.39)) times more likely give low birth weight. Mothers who has no ANC visit was 4.49 times (AOR=4.49; 95%;CI; (1.38-14.55) times more likely delivered LBW infants.
Conclusion: The prevalence of low birth weight in the study area was comparatively lower than that of countrywide figure. Ethnicity, Family size, Nutritional status of the mother (low mid upper arm circumference), Antenatal visit and Carbohydrate rich food consumption score were the independent factors associated with low birth weight.
Based on the finite element method to analyse pull-out strength of round tenon joints in solid wood furniture
Authors: Quan Shuyan , Guo Minghui , Gao Xing
Published: September 2022

To prevent the problem of test chance in solid wood furniture joint strength testing and reduce the destructive test and test costs, the finite element method (FEM) and ABAQUS software were used to establish a cohesion model, which can predict the pull-out strength of L-shaped and T-shaped members using round tenon joints in the presence of adhesives. In addition, the effect of the diameter of the round tenon on the pull-out strength of the joints was investigated. The simulation results revealed that with the increase in the diameter, the pull-out strength of the double round tenon joint increased, indicating that the diameter of the round tenon is a key factor that affects the pull-out strength of joints. Furthermore, errors between the finite element analysis (FEA) results and the average test results of two members with different diameters were less than 15%, and the cloud diagrams of the structural stresses were consistent with the test results. Therefore, the established FEM is confirmed to be accurate and suitable for predicting the pull-out strength of designed round tenon joints in solid wood furniture. This paper provides new ideas and methods for the non-destructive testing of the structural-mechanical properties of solid wood furniture.
Comparison of the effects of emotionally focused therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation on anxiety and quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gili Shahnaz , Ebrahimiasl Sarieh
Published: September 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased psychological distress and impacted diagnosis and treatment of noncommunicable diseases. This study aimed to examine the comparative effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on anxiety and quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A total of forty-five participants who met criteria for a current episode of CAD chosen by convenience sampling method from Tehran city were randomly assigned to a 9-week/60-min EFT (n = 15) group therapy, 5-week/20-min tDCS (n = 15) experimental group and one control group (n = 15). They were assessed at pre-treatment, post-group, and 3-month follow-up. The study subjects completed the self-reported questionnaires, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL).
Results
Repeated measures analysis of variance, ANOVA, was used to measure inferential statistics. There were significant improvements in Anxiety and Quality of Life scores in both EFT and tDCS groups over the post and follow-up period (P > 0.05). However, difference was found when EFT had a greater effect on Anxiety and Quality of Life.
Conclusions
These results showed EFT and tDCS have effective interventions in reducing anxiety and improving the quality of life of CAD patients, but improvements with EFT were greater than those with tDCS.
Comparative study on the behavior of keyhole in analogy welding and real deep penetration laser welding
Authors: Hao Zhongjia , Chen Huiyang , Jin Xiangzhong , Liu Zuguo
Published: September 2022

In deep penetration laser welding, the behavior of keyhole has an important influence on the welding quality. As it is difficult to directly observe the keyhole during metal laser welding, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods are common-used methods in studying the keyhole behavior, which cannot provide the direct real information of the keyhole behavior. In this paper, a method of analogy welding is proposed, in which high speed gas is used to blow the liquid to generate keyhole. Relevant process experiments are conducted to explore the keyhole behavior in the analogy welding and real deep penetration laser welding. The pressure balance of keyhole both in analogy welding and real deep penetration laser welding are analyzed. The laws obtained in analogy welding and real deep penetration laser welding are similar, which indicates that studying the keyhole formation and maintenance principle using the analogy welding method proposed in this paper may be helpful to deeply understand the keyhole formation and maintenance mechanism in real deep penetration laser welding.
Serum and Tissue Granulysin as a Possible Key Markers to Detect the Severity of Psoriasis
Authors: Gaber Hisham Diab , Bakr Radwa M. , ElMelegy Tarek Taha , Ahmed Yasmin Sayed , Gaber Reham M. Abdel
Published: September 2022

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, it is a disorder of both the innate and adaptive immune system. However, new updates are still emerging in its pathogenesis. Psoriasis is characterized by overexpression of antimicrobial peptides. Granulysin (GNLY) is an antimicrobial peptide that may have a role in psoriasis pathogenesis.
Objective: To detect the level of serum and tissue (GNLY) in psoriatic patients and correlate it with psoriasis severity.
Patients and Methods: The study was performed on 50 individuals, including 2 groups. The first group included 30 psoriasis vulgaris patients and the second group included 20 age and sex matched apparently healthy control individuals. Serum GNLY was determined in all individuals and tissue GNLY was determined in the skin of 8 patients (from lesional and perilesional skin) and 8 controls.
Results: serum GNLY was slightly higher in patients group compared to control group with no statistically significant difference while, the level of tissue GNLY of lesional and perilesional skin in psoriatic patients, was significantly higher when compared to control group.
Conclusion: In conclusion, granulysin is supposed to play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis and it is positively correlated with psoriasis severity
Gametocytogenesis-enhancing drug combinations can facilitate artemisinin resistance despite better clinical outcomes
Authors: Schneider Kristan , Kamanga George , Verma Kanika , Verma Anil , Bharti Praveen Kumar
Published: September 2022

Background: Malaria eradication goals are threatened by the spread of artemisinin resistance, which is an evolutionary process. The selective advantage of mutations in Plasmodium falciparum conferring tolerance or even resistance is determined as the probability of their successful transmission. The drug’s efficacy in clearing merozoites is the main determinant for the clinical pathogenesis, but only one of many factors determining successful transmission. The actual steps in the transmission cycles contribute as “fitness components”. The abundance of gametocytes is crucial in mediating how the selective advantage at the merozoite level is translated into evolutionary fitness. In this context it is important to recognize that some drugs are associated with higher gametocytaemia.
Method: A mechanistic model, which quantitatively describes how evolutionary fitness is determined by the parasite's life history in interaction with antimalarial drugs is formulated. The hypothetical effect of a gametocytogenesis-enhancing drug action on the evolutionary fitness is included. Once fitness is determined, an evolutionary-genetic model is used to describe the resulting trajectory of drug resistance evolution.
Results: Assuming intuitive model parameters, the evolutionary fitness of two alternative drug treatments with the same effectiveness on asexual parasites, with and without a gametocytogenesis-enhancing effect are contrasted. The gametocytogenesis-enhancing effect leads to a substantially faster spread of drug resistance. This result changes quantitatively, but not qualitatively, if a threshold gametocytaemia is assumed for successful malaria transmission. Isolating infections in quarantine in order to prevent transmission, can substantially accelerate the dispersion of resistance if antimalarials delay gametocyte development.
Conclusions: Gametocytogenesis-enhancing drug treatments can excel the spread of resistance. Initially it might appear that such a treatment leads to improved clinical outcomes, because drug resistance is difficult to detect on a population-level as long as resistance-conferring mutations have low prevalence. Hence, partnering artemisinin with drugs such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine of amodiaquine, which have been associated with higher gametocytaemia, might facilitate the spread of resistance.
Usability Evaluation Factors for Measuring an Accessible Mobile E-Book Applications for Visually Impaired
Authors: Matraf Munya Saleh Ba , Hashim Nor Laily , Hussain Azham
Published: September 2022

The emergence of e-books opens new opportunities for the visually impaired to overcome reading struggling. However, current mobile e-book applications are still not reaching their satisfactory level because of the limitations of mobile devices and lack of understanding of visually impaired needs among mobile application developers. Besides, important factors involve in usability evaluation studies for these applications are still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to develop a usability evaluation model to evaluate an accessible mobile e-book application for the visually impaired. Hence, the study conducted a literature review to identify the usability factors. Secondly, identify the factors that are most frequently used. The authors summarised the identified factors to develop the most important factors relevant to e-book applications for the visually impaired. Thirdly, these factors were then verified by eleven experts. In total, 36 factors were identified from the first phase. The study proposed only five factors: efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction, learnability, and visual impaired accessibility after applying the summarization and simplifying methods. The results from the expert review shows that all experts agreed with the proposed factors as all the factors get a high average of at least four out of five. These identified factors are vitally important elements to be considered by mobile e-book developers and designers in evaluating whether their mobile e-book applications are usable and accessible to the visually impaired. Consequently, the visually impaired users of mobile e-book application will have the same chance as sighted to benefits from e-book applications.
Mental Health, Academic Stress, And Coping Strategy Among College Students
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Oktaviani Maya , Elmanora Elmanora , Zulfa Vania , Mulyati Mulyati , Kabbaro Hurriyyatun
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze students' mental health, academic stress, and coping strategies. This study uses an associative quantitative approach with a survey method. The population in this study were all students at the Universitas Negeri Jakarta who took part in online learning during lectures.
Materials and Methods: The sample was selected using a disproportionate random sampling technique. The sample used in this study was 675 active students (female = 544, male = 131) at the Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Mental health, academic stress, and student coping strategies were measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), Educational Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA-16), and modified Academic Coping Strategies Scale (ACSC) instruments, respectively. Test the validity and reliability of the data to fit with the model. Data analysis used multiple linear regression and partial correlation.
Results: The results showed that: (1) there were differences in mental health and academic stress between female and male students; (2) there were differences in coping strategies between students who were only children and middle children; (3) academic stress and coping strategies significantly affected students' mental health by 24.7%; (4) academic stress and coping strategies significantly influence students' mental health.
Conclusion: Academic stress is negatively related to mental health, while coping strategies are positively related to mental health.
Absorbable Clips Applied in Thoracoscopic Anatomical Lung Resection in Younger Children: A Retrospective Study
Authors: He Taozhen , Sun Xiaoyan , Luo Dengke , Dai Shiyi , Yuan Miao , Yang Gang , Cheng Kaisheng , Xu Chang
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a 5-mm absorbable clips applied in Thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection in younger children.
Methods: Demographic data and intra- and postoperative parameters of the two groups (Abs-o-lock group and Hem-o-lok group) were reviewed. In the Abs-o-lock group, 5-mm absorbable clips were used in TALR on all patients from January 2020 to March 2021. In the Hem-o-lok group, 5-mm Hem-o-lok clips were used from January to December 2019. The primary outcomes were the one-time success rate of ligation, major bleeding rate, conversion rate, dislodgement rate and operative time, which were compared between the two groups.
Results: There were 224 patients involved in this study, of whom 103 were in the Abs-o-lock group and 121 were in the Hem-o-lok group. The one-time success rate of ligation was 96.5% in the Abs-o-lock group and 98.9% in the Hem-o-lok group (p<0.05). No major bleeding occurred in either group. The conversion rates of the two groups were not significantly different (0/103 versus 2/121, p=0.55). The dislodgement rate did not significantly differ between the two groups (p=1.0). The operative time consumed in the Abs-o-lock group was much longer than that in the Hem-o-lok group in terms of subgroups of RES (resection of extralobar sequestration, p<0.05), lobectomy (p<0.05) and segmentectomy (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Compared to Hem-o-lok clips, it is feasible and safe to apply 5-mm absorbable clips for vessel sealing during thoracoscopic anatomical lung resection in younger children.
TRMT6 is Suppressed by miR-191-5p and Functions as a Tumor Promoter in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhao Jing , Wang Runfang , Zhang Yuan , Wang Yazhuo , Li Na , Wang Bei , Zhang Junqin , Han Hua , Zhao Yuan , Xing Hanying , Chu Zhaoping , Tian Fei , Wang Pei , Duan Xiaoyan , Bai Suning , Zhang Yunxia , Zhang Hongzhen
Published: September 2022

Ovarian cancer has a high mortality, and RNA methylation plays a role in several cancers. Our study aimed to explore the effects of differential expression of TRMT6, an N1-methyladenosine writer, on ovarian cancer and its upstream regulatory mechanism. Preliminary bioinformatics analysis revealed that TRMT6 was differentially expressed in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues. Patients with ovarian cancer and high TRMT6 expression had a poor prognosis, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.759. This finding suggests that TRMT6 may be used as a biomarker for ovarian cancer. We used immunohistochemistry to verify the differential expression of TRMT6 in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues. The differential expression of TRMT6 in ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 was confirmed using qPCR and western blotting. CCK-8, transwell assay results suggested that overexpression of TRMT6 promoted the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells, whereas overexpression of miR-191-5p reduced these effects. Results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assays indicated that TRMT6 was the target gene of miR-191-5p. In conclusion, TRMT6 promoted the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells, and its upstream miR-191-5p targeted and regulated TRMT6 to reduce these effects. TRMT6 gene expression may be used as a prognostic biomarker and its regulation as a therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.
Enantiomeric resolution of pidotimod and its isomers in pidotimod oral solutions by using HPLC QDa
Authors: Zhang Caiyu , Li Wei , Ning Baoming
Published: September 2022

This study aimed at developing and validating a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system combined with a quadrupole Dalton mass detector for the separation and determination of pidotimod ((R)-3-[(S)-(5-oxo-2-pyrrolidinyl)carbonyl]-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) and its three isomers. The separations were achieved using a Lux Amylose-1 column operated at 40℃ using acetonitrile/0.1% trifluoroacetate (TFA) and isopropanol/0.1% TFA (90:10, v/v). The enantiorecognition mechanism was also elucidated using the ORCA 5 program. Four isomers were successfully separated with a resolution (Rs) > 1.5, with the method showing satisfactory linearity in the ranges of 0.2 to 3.5 µg·ml− 1(S,R; R,S) and 0.7 to 3.5 µg·ml− 1(S,S; R,R), along with good specificity, accuracy, and precision. Further, three batches of pidotimod oral solutions were evaluated and the S,S-isomer in each batch was detected at about 0.05%. Moreover, computational studies on the sorbent-analyte interactions of amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenycarbamate) suggested that they can be used to successfully interpret or even predict the chromatographic separation results. The validated method showed high sensitivity, and can potentially be used to analyze the isomer impurities of the raw material for quality control purposes.
Prognostic impact of extended neck dissection in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Kugimoto Takuma , Oikawa Yu , Kashima Yoshihisa , Ohsako Toshimitsu , Kuroshima Takeshi , Hirai Hideaki , Tomioka Hirofumi , Harada Hiroyuki
Published: September 2022

Background:Cervical lymph node metastasis with extranodal extension (ENE) is a poor prognostic factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of OSCC patients who underwent extended neck dissection (ND), requiring resection of non-lymphatic structures for invasive nodal disease.Methods:Patients who underwent extended ND for OSCC at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University between April 2001 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Regional recurrence and complication were assessed. The primary outcome variable was 5-year disease-specific survival.Results:A total of 49 patients were included, and regional recurrence was found 18 patients (36.7%). There was no significant difference in the regional recurrence rate, regardless of whether the non-lymphatic structure requiring resection was single or multiple (29.6%vs45.4%,P= 0.398). The regional recurrence rate was significantly higher in patients who required resection of neurovascular structures than in patients who did not require resection of these structures (64.3%vs25.7%,P= 0.028). Cox proportional-hazards regression models indicated that types of resected non-lymphatic structures (with neurovascular structures) was the most risk factor for predicting the risk of regional recurrence (P= 0.048, hazard ratio = 2.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–6.66). Cox regression analysis to determine independent predictive factors for DSS, revealing that types of resected non-lymphatic structures (P=0.038, HR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.05–6.33) was independent predictive factors for DSS. Patients who required resection of neurovascular structures had significantly worse the 5-year DSS rate than those who did not (23.4% vs 63.1%;P= 0.014). Complications after extended ND included recurrent nerve paralysis in three patients, facial nerve paralysis in two patients, and chyle leak, fracture of mandible, and urgent tracheostomy due to larynx edema in a patient, respectively.Conclusion:This study suggests that adhesion of metastatic lymph nodes to neurovascular structures is a significant poor prognostic factor for regional recurrence after extended ND. Patients with OSCC with adhesion of metastatic lymph nodes to neurovascular structures require an adequate safety resection margin and intensive postoperative treatment.
Effects of Drying and Roasting to Effectively use a Discarded Part of Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)
Authors: Kobayashi Fumiyuki , Kimura Ryusuke , Mochizuki Jutaro , Tateishi Naoko , Odake Sachiko
Published: September 2022

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) has a characteristic flavor and useful components, although the lower stem is not suitable for eating because it has a fibrous skin like wood, being normally discarded. Therefore, to propose drying and roasting as methods for using the hard lower stem of asparagus, usually discarded, useful components in the asparagus stem after drying and roasting were analyzed. The rutin content was decreased significantly by drying and roasting. The ascorbic and folic acids contents were almost unchanged by drying but decreased by roasting. The fructose content was increased by drying, although glucose was almost unchanged. Both were decreased significantly by roasting. The sucrose content was increased by drying but unchanged by roasting. The increase or decrease in some free amino acids were caused after drying, and most of free amino acids disappeared after roasting. Furthermore, characteristic volatile compounds derived from the Maillard reaction were caused by drying and roasting. Most of the useful components in the hard lower stem of asparagus can be concentrated by drying, and characteristic volatile compounds be added by drying and roasting. Therefore, it is promising that the asparagus stem, an unused resource, is able to be utilized as a useful food material by drying and roasting
Global dynamics of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus evolution and transmission
Authors: Cao Yongchang , Zhang Hao , Zou Chuangchao , Peng Ouyang , Ashraf Usama , Xu Qiuping , Gong Long , Fan Baochao , Zhang Yun , Xu Zhichao , Xue Chunyi , Wei Xiaona , Zhou Qingfeng , Tian Xiaoyan , Shen Hanqin , Zhang Xiangbin , Li Bin
Published: September 2022

With a possible origin from bats, the alphacoronavirus Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes significant hazards and widespread epidemics in the swine population. However, the ecology, evolution, and spread of PEDV are still unclear. Here, from 149,869 fecal and intestinal tissue samples of pigs collected in an 11-year survey, we identified PEDV as the most dominant virus in diarrheal animals. Global whole genomic and evolutionary analyses of 672 PEDV strains revealed the fast-evolving PEDV genotype 2 (G2) strains as the main epidemic viruses worldwide, which seems to correlate with the use of G2-targeting vaccines. The evolving pattern of the G2 viruses presents geographic bias as they evolve tachytely in South Korea but undergo the highest recombination in China. Therefore, we clustered six PEDV haplotypes in China, whereas South Korea held five haplotypes, including a unique haplotype G. In addition, an assessment of the spatiotemporal spread route of PEDV indicates Germany and Japan as the primary hubs for PEDV dissemination in Europe and Asia, respectively. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the epidemiology, evolution, and transmission of PEDV, and thus may lay a foundation for the prevention and control of PEDV and other coronaviruses.
Plasmablastic Lymphoma with Primary Impairment of Bone Marrow in a HIV-Negative Patient: A Literature Review and a Case Report
Authors: Firsova Maiya Valerevna , Solov’ev M.V. , Kovrigina A.M. , Mendeleeva L.P.
Published: September 2022

Background. Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare variant of large B-cell lymphoma. This disease is usually associated with HIV infection and is predominantly identified in male patients. Tumor lesion is typically localized in oral cavity. PBL is characterized by aggressivity and low rate of long-term survival. Aim. To report a clinical case of a rare localization of PBL with primary impairment of bone marrow in a 19-year-old HIV-negative patient. Materials & Methods. The diagnosis of the disease turned out to be challenging and was based on the results of a multi-step complex immunohistochemical analysis of a bone marrow core biopsy sample. Results. Intensive block-based mNHL-BFM-90 polychemotherapy combined with bortezomib and daratumumab resulted in remission which allowed to perform consecutive autologous and then allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations. For the lack of immune control of transplant over the tumor the conducted therapy was disappointingly unsuccessful. The patient died in 11 months after diagnosis because of tumor progression. Conclusion. New approaches are definitely called for in order to explore methods of treating this complex disease. A study of mechanisms underlying PBL pathogenesis can contribute to better understanding of tumor biology and personalized choice of chemotherapy.
A Study on the Factors affecting UAM Vertiport Location Selection
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Kim Won-Jin , Park Jae-Hong
Published: September 2022

UAM vertiport may have a problem constructing on an unnecessary area if the location selection criteria are not prepared at an early stage. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a basic study on the factors affecting the proper location selection of vertiport in preparation for the commercialization of urban air traffic system. This study derived the main variables affecting UAM demand. This study presents the evaluation index when constructing the UAM transfer system in the future, and it is important to quantitatively calculate the weights of each influential factor. The first variable was summarized by examining previous studies related to the location and transfer of UAM vertiport. FGI was conducted for experts in each related field, and the final factors were selected and stratified. To calculate the importance of the factors, a survey was conducted for 15 experts and weights were calculated by AHP. As a result of the analysis, it is necessary to first review the installation of UAM vertiport in urban infrastructure for better railway route linkage. Also, areas that can activate urban space should be considered in priority for the installation of vertiports rather than traffic congestion areas. In terms of social acceptability, it is necessary to review the areas where noise and user safety can be considered at the same time.
Who Prefers Smart Safety and Disaster Prevention Services?: An Exploratory Approach Using Data from the Jeollabuk-do Social Survey
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Gu Hanmin , Kim Kabsung
Published: September 2022

Interest in safety and disaster prevention has recently emerged due to the increasing vulnerability to natural and social disasters and an aging society. However, basic research on the consumption of smart safety and disaster prevention services has not been conducted in South Korea. In this paper, we identified socio-demographic characteristics affecting the preference for smart safety and disaster prevention services using data from the Jeollabuk-do Social Survey. We found that respondents who are younger, married, living in residences other than apartments, or in cities are more likely to prefer smart safety and disaster prevention services to other services. The results can be used as basic data in prioritizing the supply of smart safety and disaster prevention services in Jeollabuk-do (North Jeolla Province), and provide policy implications for the provision of smart city services across the nation in the future.
A Study on the Effect of Private-led Commercial Area Revitalization on the Change of the Use Distribution of Buildings in Existing Urban Areas Focused on Incheon Gaehang-ro Area
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Jeon Seung-Hwa , Na In-Su
Published: September 2022

Recently, the number of new stores created by young businessmen and their class has been increasing area since the Gaehang-ro project. It can be seen that this study created a trend of change from the opening of the food service industry in an area where the influx of people was limited, centering on the retail industry. This can be identified through changes in the distribution of uses, and the majority of them have changed their uses from vacancies to restaurants. In addition, it can be seen that the number of general restaurants that opened due to the project is steadily increasing, and the distribution of restaurants penetrates into the alley, forming an alley commercial district.
O direito fundamental ao meio ambiente saudável: A contribuição da política dos créditos de carbono
Authors: Cenci Daniel Rubens , Kempfer Jéssica Cindy
Published: September 2022

Resumo: O atual estágio da degradação do meio ambiente e as muitas externalidades do atual modelo de desenvolvimento, causados, principalmente, pela emissão de gases poluentes, vêm proporcionando discussões nos diversos meios acadêmicos, sociais, políticos, econômicos e ambientais, especialmente quanto aos riscos e ameaças no que diz respeito à garantia e à preservação de um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. Diante de tal situação, foram realizados inúmeros debates e construídos diversos documentos internacionais, com enfoque na crescente importância da qualidade e diversidade da vida e dos ecossistemas. No caso brasileiro, culminou na aprovação no texto da Constituição Federal de 1998, contemplando o direito ao meio ambiente equilibrado, em seu artigo 225, como direito fundamental. Nesse contexto, a presente pesquisa analisa que, embora não conste no título específico de direitos fundamentais, o direito ao meio ambiente equilibrado é considerado e equiparado como tal. O texto discorre sobre a necessidade de efetivação deste direito e ressalta que a busca do desenvolvimento sustentável é essencial para a qualidade de vida e manutenção de um meio ambiente saudável. Por fim, analisa-se a utilização dos mecanismos de desenvolvimento limpo, especialmente a comercialização de Créditos de Carbono como ferramenta para a efetivação do direito fundamental ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado e à efetivação de sociedades sustentáveis.
Effect of hydraulic conditions on manganese accumulation by physical and chemical pathways in chlorinated water distribution system: A preliminary laboratory study
Authors: Zhou Xinyi , Nakanishi Tomohiro , Echigo Shinya , Kosaka Koji , Itoh Sadahiko
Published: September 2022

The accumulation of manganese (Mn) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) is the main reason for ‘black water’ occurrences at customers' taps. Here, we focused on the impact of hydraulic conditions on Mn accumulation in well chlorinated DWDS, particularly on the physical pathway (i.e., the attachment of particulate Mn to the inner pipe surface) and the chemical pathway (i.e., the autocatalytic oxidation of Mn2+ on the surface of accumulated Mn). Mn accumulation on epoxy resin, a typical lining material for distribution pipes in Japan, was observed in laboratory-scale experiments under different water velocity conditions. The results showed that Mn accumulation was significantly enhanced under higher velocity conditions, which was then fitted with the numerical models describing Mn accumulation by the physical and chemical pathways and the detachment. The rate constants for the physical and chemical pathways had a positive relationship with the flow turbulence in the investigated range, suggesting that hydraulic conditions in DWDS play an important role in Mn accumulation. Effects of Mn speciation and water characteristics on the accumulation process were also simulated under various hydraulic conditions. Based on the obtained results, appropriate countermeasures to control manganese accumulation were then discussed.
Crítica al tratamiento de los créditos por deudas de alimentos o compensación económica en el procedimiento concursal de la persona deudora
Authors: Alarcón Cañuta Miguel Ángel
Published: September 2022

La consagración de la institución de las personas relacionadas con el deudor persona natural concursada tiene importantes efectosque repercuten de manera significativa en los intereses de cierto tipo de acreedores, como son aquellos a quienes, siendo beneficiarios de una prestación alimenticia o por concepto de compensación económica, se les adeuda un  saldo desde antes del inicio del procedimiento concursal de renegociación o liquidación. El estudio del tratamiento que el derecho concursal actual tiene para con los créditos por alimentos o compensación económica de ciertas personas relacionadas al deudor persona natural, nos permitirá plasmar la inconformidad de esta regulación con el respeto de sus intereses desde el punto de vista del respeto de ciertos principios del derecho de familia, manifestada en un trato desfavorable y en muchos casos perjudicial.
contrato de “leaseback” como nueva forma de financiamiento a pymes y la aplicación al efecto, de la ley sobre arrendamiento de predios urbanos nº 18.101
Authors: Gallardo Parada Juan Pablo , Díaz Roa Carolina María Gratzia
Published: September 2022

Este artículo se refiere a la naturaleza jurídica del contrato de leaseback en especial cuando recae sobre inmuebles y el procedimiento de cobro aplicable en caso de incumplimiento de lo pactado. Además, analiza la aplicación de este contrato en la Ley sobre Arrendamiento de Predios Urbanos.
El ius aedificandi. Su relación con la institución dominical y urbanística
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile., Moreno Toledo Víctor Hugo
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo pretende exponer, desarrollar y proponer una mirada doctrinaria respecto de un tema poco familiar, pero de gran trascendencia práctica, cual es, el vínculo entre la facultad de edificar o ius aedificandi y el derecho de propiedad. Todo volcado al ámbito de la propiedad urbana, es decir, la que recae sobre el suelo de la ciudad.
Recurso de inaplicabilidad por inconstitucionalidad: regulación y confrontación con el sistema norteamericano y europeo continental
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile., Ramírez Cifuentes Jaime
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad hacer un análisis general del recurso de inaplicabilidad por inconstitucionalidad consagrado en nuestra constitución, estudiando su campo de aplicación y efectos para, posteriormente, compararlo con el sistema de control constitucional tanto en el derecho norteamericano (que fue la inspiración para establecer este recurso en la Constitución de 1925), como en ciertos países de Europa continental (Austria y España), los que hoy en día son más cercanos a nuestros textos.
La culpa como elemento de responsabilidad civil ambiental
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile., López Fuentes Luis Alejandro
Published: September 2022

La ley n° 19.300 de Bases Generales del Medio Ambiente establece en el Título III un estatuto de responsabilidad civil por daño ambiental. El sistema, que sigue los lineamientos de la responsabilidad civil extracontractual ha traído numerosos problemas, sobre todo para configurar los requisitos de responsabilidad, entre ellos el elemento imputabilidad (Culpa o dolo). En el presente trabajo desarrollaremos el sistema de responsabilidad civil ambiental que sigue nuestro ordenamiento jurídico, en especial el elemento Culpa y sus implicancias.
Tuberculosis Family Support Training’s (TB FaST) Influence on Encouraging TB Treatment Compliance
Authors: Mariani Helni , Afriandi Irvan , Setiawati Elsa Pudji , Gondodiputro Sharon , Wiwaha Guswan , Nataprawira Heda Melinda , Arisanti Nita , Sumantri Suryana
Published: September 2022

Background:

Family support is necessary for tuberculosis (TB) treatment compliance. Family intentions and practices in providing support to TB patients require considerable improvement, which is possible via training.

Objective:

This study aimed to analyze the influence of tuberculosis family support training (TB FaST) on the family members’ intentions and practices in encouraging TB treatment compliance in the continuation phase.

Methods:

This quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design involved 56 TB patients and 56 family members of patients who had undergone the continuation phase of category 1 TB treatment in the third and fourth months. All patients treated with tuberculosis were directly observed with treatment short-course (TB DOTS) at primary health care. All the subjects were divided into intervention and control groups. TB FaST was given only to the intervention group and delivered using a combination of lectures, case-based focused group discussions, and role-playing in problem-solving over two consecutive days.

Results:

The result showed a significant improvement in the family support practices five weeks after training in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.05). However, only a slight improvement was observed in the family intentions (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

TB FaST mainly affects the practices of family members in providing family support to encourage TB treatment compliance in the continuation phase. We recommend that TB FaST or other educational tools be used again after TB FaST to improve intention.
The Fluoride Adsorption Isothermal Studies of Activated Alumina Modified with Different Materials: A Critical Review
Authors: Belekar R. M. , Dhoble S.J.
Published: September 2022

: Fluoride in drinking water has become a global problem that has a profound
effect on teeth and bones, fostering various health problems. Adsorption is a potential
defluoridation technique because of flexibility, cost-effectiveness, environmental
friendliness, simplicity in design, relative ease of operation, and capability of
producing high water quality. Although activated alumina is an appropriate adsorbent,
it has a narrow favorable pH range, a tendency to form toxic aluminum fluoride
complexes, and the problem of aluminum metal leaching. This article critically reviews
the applicability of activated alumina and its modification by metal oxides, rare earth
elements, organic materials, alkaline earth metals, and acid treatment. The effect of
process parameters like pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial fluoride concentration,
and the presence of coexisting ions on the adsorption capacity of fluoride ions is
discussed. The adsorption reaction rates were discussed by fitting various rate models
into the experimental data and the model equations. The adsorption isotherm models
like Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich tested on the
adsorption equilibrium data to identify the best fit model for adsorption isotherm are
discussed in this chapter. The chapter finally discusses the advantages, disadvantages,
and future prospects of all the adsorbents in order to improve their fluoride removal
capacity.