bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of sums of precipitation in vegetation period in north-eastern Poland during the years 1951–2000
Authors: BANASZKIEWICZ BARBARA , GRABOWSKA KRYSTYNA , DYMERSKA ANETA
Published: December 2021

Badano zmienność opadów atmosferycznych Polski północno-wschodniej w wybranych stacjach IMGW w latach 1951–2000. Scharakteryzowano sumy opadów poszczególnych miesięcy okresu wegetacyjnego z zastosowaniem 30-letniej próby kroczącej. Opracowano wartości norm opadowych, tendencje sum opadów oraz prawdopodobieństwa wystąpienia anomalii wyliczone z rozkładu gamma. Stwierdzono, że prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia opadów poniżej dolnej granicy normy wykazywało w sierpniu we wszystkich badanych stacjach przeważnie istotny trend rosnący, a opadów przekraczających górną granicę – przeważnie istotne tendencje malejące. Wzrastającą, przeważnie istotną, tendencję pojawiania się dużych opadów notowano we wszystkich badanych miejscowościach w czerwcu i wrześniu
Wpływ przedplonów i dawek herbicydów na plon oraz zachwaszczenie pszenicy ozimej
Authors: BUCZEK JAN , JARECKI WACŁAW , BOBRECKA-JAMRO DOROTA
Published: December 2021

Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2008–2010 w Stacji Doświadczalnej Krasne należącej do Wydziału Biologiczno-Rolniczego Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego w Rzeszowie. W dwuczynnikowym doświadczeniu w układzie losowanych bloków porównywano reakcję pszenicy ozimej odmiany ‘Batuta’, uprawianej w stanowisku po bobiku i pszenicy ozimej, z zastosowaniem zalecanych i zmniejszonych dawek herbicydów oraz adiuwantu Atpolan 80 EC. Stwierdzono istotnie wyższy poziom plonowania pszenicy po bobiku niż uprawianej po sobie. Zwiększenie wskaźników zachwaszczenia łanu oraz kompensację chwastów zwłaszcza w stanowisku po pszenicy zanotowano na obiektach, gdzie stosowano zmniejszone o 1/3 dawki herbicydów. Zastosowanie adiuwantu z dawkami herbicydów zmniejszonymi o 1/3 umożliwiło otrzymanie plonu ziarna pszenicy na poziomie zbliżonym do otrzymanego w warunkach dawek pełnych bez adiuwantu, zarówno w stanowisku po bobiku, jak i w krótkotrwałej monokulturze.
Plon i skład chemiczny surowca arniki górskiej (Arnica montana L.) w zależności od sposobu zakładania plantacji i terminu zbioru koszyczków kwiatowych
Authors: SUGIER DANUTA
Published: December 2021

Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2008–2010 na dwu-, trzy- i czteroletniej plantacji arniki górskiej, zlokalizowanej na glebie płowej o składzie granulometrycznym piasku gliniastego mocnego. Celem eksperymentu było określenie wpływu sposobu zakładania plantacji i terminu zbioru koszyczków kwiatowych na plon surowca arniki górskiej oraz jego skład chemiczny. Uwzględniono następujące sposoby zakładania plantacji: z sadzonek pędowych uzyskanych w wyniku podziału roślin matecznych oraz z rozsady wyprodukowanej w tacach wielodoniczkowych. Zbiór prowadzano sukcesywnie w czterech fazach kwitnienia koszyczków kwiatowych: A – faza żółtego pąka, B – początek kwitnienia, C – pełnia kwitnienia, D – koniec kwitnienia. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że dwuletnie rośliny arniki górskiej cechowały się mniejszym potencjałem plonowania niż rośliny trzy- i czteroletnie. Pod względem wielkości plonu bardziej korzystne okazało się zakładanie plantacji z rozsady niż z sadzonek pędowych. Z kolei termin zbioru koszyczków kwiatowych istotnie wpływał na zawartość substancji biologicznie czynnych. Zawartość laktonów seskwiterpenowych systematycznie zwiększała się wraz z opóźnianiem zbiorów, a więc od fazy żółtego pąka do końca kwitnienia. Najwięcej kwercetyny gromadziły koszyczki zbierane na początku kwitnienia, natomiast najwięcej olejku eterycznego – w pełni kwitnienia arniki.
Analiza zmian składników powierzchni paszowej i metod konserwacji pasz na tle produkcji mleka
Authors: LIPIŃSKA HALINA , KORNAS RAFAŁ , STAMIROWSKA-KRZACZEK EWA , LIPIŃSKI WOJCIECH
Published: December 2021

Celem pracy była ocena zmian składników powierzchni paszowej oraz popularności metod konserwacji pasz wykorzystywanych w żywieniu bydła mlecznego w wybranych gospodarstwach Badaniami objęto 18 mlecznych gospodarstw indywidualnych z terenu północnej Lubelszczyzny. Wykorzystując dane ankietowe, przeprowadzono analizę zmian składników powierzchni paszowej i metod konserwacji pasz z użytków zielonych na tle produkcji mleka w danym gospodarstwie. Największy udział w powierzchni paszowej miały użytki zielone. Znaczny udział miała także uprawa kukurydzy na kiszonkę, natomiast udział innych roślin pastewnych był niewielki. W gospodarstwach najczęściej stosowaną metodą konserwacji pasz była produkcja kiszonek (głównie z kukurydzy), następnie siana – w I grupie gospodarstw oraz sianokiszonki w II grupie gospodarstw. Zielonka z użytków zielonych była częściej konserwowana w formie sianokiszonki, natomiast z gruntów ornych w formie kiszonki.
Orexin receptor blockers: A tool for lowering alcohol intake and alcohol addictive behavior in the light of preclinical studies
Authors: Czora-Poczwardowska Kamila , Kujawski Radosław , Słyńko-Krzyżostaniak Julia , Mikołajczak Przemysław Ł. , Szulc Michał
Published: December 2021

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a severe and globally widespread neurological and psychiatric problem. The treatment with currently used drugs often does not bring the expected effect. New optimization methods or directions in pharmacotherapy are still being sought. The group of bioactive ligands, targeted at neuropeptides called orexins (OXs) and their receptors (OXRs), affects a number of functions including ingestion, sleep-wake regulation, as well as the brain reward system which is the basis of addiction.

The purpose of this paper is to systematize the knowledge in the field of preclinical behavioral studies on rodents (rats and mice) in several models of alcohol consumption using the OXRs antagonists.

The results of the experiments indicated a potential efficacy of particular OXRs antagonists in the AUD treatment, especially those selectively blocking the OX1R. Among them, SB-334867 in the lowest effective dose of 3 mg/kg i.p. was most studied, as shown in the model of two-bottle choice using C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, this compound did not affect the reduction of cognitive functions. GSK1059865 was also involved in the selective reduction of ethanol intake, and simultaneously did not alter the consumption of sugar solution. The other group of selective OX2R antagonists, such as TCS-OX2-29 and LSN2424100, was less efficient.

In summary, the OX1R antagonists proved to have the potential in AUD therapy, not only through the reduction of ethanol consumption but also in the treatment of coexisting behavioral and physiological disorders, such as insomnia and anxiety.
Modernism and the Phenomenon of Kaunas
Authors: Doğan Huriye Armağan , Laurinaitis Paulius Tautvydas
Published: December 2021

The representation of modernism in architecture was affected by various determinants which were related to the technical, economic, and social circumstances of the period. The decade when modernism began to be seen in the architectural sphere was marked with aims to create new building forms associated with the ambition for a more socially balanced and egalitarian form of society in which the ideals of equal rights and liberation would be realised. However, establishing equality-based communities, adjusting the housing problem, and creating new universal values dismissed the connection with the tradition. This paper aims to analyse the dialect of modernism in Kaunas, Lithuania, and its characteristics by investigating its various physical nuances and invisible social context, which makes it distinguished when compared with the modernist language in the same period. Furthermore, it focuses on the experimental architectural language and the urban planning trends of the interwar period Kaunas through analysis of values in local architecture and urban planning levels to conduct its integrity.
Some classes of sequence spaces defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function
Authors: Sharma Sunil K.
Published: December 2021

In the present paper we introduce the sequence spaces c0{ℳ, Λ , p, q}, c{ℳ, Λ, p, q} and l
∞ {ℳ, Λ, p, q} defined by a Musielak-Orlicz function ℳ = (ℳk). We study some topological properties and prove some inclusion relations between these spaces.
Fixed point and a Cantilever beam problem in a partial b-metric space
Authors: Tomar Anita , Joshi Meena , Bhatt Venkatesh
Published: December 2021

We determine the common fixed point of two maps satisfying Hardy-Roger type contraction in a complete partial b-metric space without exploiting any variant of continuity or commutativity, which is indispensable in analogous results. Towards the end, we give examples and an application to solve a Cantilever beam problem employed in the distortion of an elastic beam in equilibrium to substantiate the utility of these improvements.
Consideration on the Covid-19 Pandemic and the New Challenges of Organizational Management
Authors: Bucăţa George
Published: December 2021

There are growing concerns about the continued spread of the COVID -19 pandemic around the world and the challenge of keeping the rate of spread low in other parts of the world. Governments, employers, workers and unions face enormous challenges in combating the COVID -19 pandemic and ensuring worker safety and health in the workplace.
Social Dimensions of the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Labor Market
Authors: Florişteanu Elena
Published: December 2021

Undoubtedly, the double (health and economic) crisis generated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is felt on the labor market of each state, regardless of the level of development. Among the actors acting on the labor market, those who fully feel the effects of the pandemic are the employers and, implicitly, their employees. The article highlights some of the forms and social dimensions of the impact while emphasizing the relations with the specifics of the economy and the vulnerabilities existing on the market before the outbreak of the crisis.
Changes in the Buying Behaviour of the Companies within the Context of the Digital Environment
Authors: Fuciu Mircea , Dragomir Andreea-Nicoleta
Published: December 2021

The social and business environments have changed greatly in the last two years, in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic and the condition of increased adoption of the digital based activities in the everyday lives of the company. New tools and activities, like “remote working”, “online interaction”, “video conferences” are just some of the new tools that have changed the Business-to-Business (B2B) marketing and buying behaviour landscape and made it jump from the traditional to the current and possibly the future approach. The current paper tracks some of the changes that have occurred in the Business-to-Business marketing environment, while underlining the effects he shift to digital has had on the business consumers and on their buying behaviour, being sustained by several secondary data analyses resulted from current reports, which are the basis for developing successful B2B marketing strategies and tactics.
Selected Diptera of City Park Kolmanka, Prešov (Slovakia)
Authors: Oboňa Jozef , Beuk Paul L. Th. , Dvořáková Kateřina , Dvořák Libor , Grootaert Patrick , Haenni Jean-Paul , Ježek Jan , Mlynárová Laura , van der Weele Ruud , Manko Peter
Published: December 2021

In total 65 Diptera species from 20 families (Anisopodidae (2 spp.), Asilidae (1), Bibionidae (1), Clusiidae (1), Culicidae (8), Dolichopodidae (7), Drosophilidae (4), Dryomyzidae (1), Empididae (2), Heleomyzidae (5), Hybotidae (5), Lauxaniidae (4), Limoniidae (9), Opomyzidae (2), Pallopteridae (2), Psychodidae (6), Rhagionidae (2), Scatopsidae (1), Trichoceridae (1) and Ulidiidae (1)) were recorded. The species Drapetis flavipes Macquart, 1834 (Hybotidae), is recorded for the first time in Slovakia. Ten species belong among uncommon or rare (namely: Atypophthalmus (Atypophthalmus) inustus (Meigen, 1818), Calliopum splendidum Papp, 1978, Dioctria linearis (Fabricius, 1787), Cheilotrichia (Empeda) neglecta (Lackschewitz, 1927), Chrysopilus asiliformis (Preyssler, 1791), Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) nigrinus (Eckstein 1918), Philosepedon (Philosepedon) austriacum Vaillant, 1974, Suillia variegata (Loew, 1862), Toxoneura modesta (Meigen, 1830) and Trichomyia urbica Curtis, 1839). On the other hand, two invasive species are also reported. Drosophila (Sophophora) suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) is an invasive crop pest and Aedes (Finlaya) japonicus japonicus (Theobald, 1901) is an invasive biting pest, a potential vector for various diseases. City parks are also important from the point of view of Diptera biodiversity and more attention needs to be paid to them.
Moth flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the northern Hercynian Mountains and adjacent localities (Czech Republic)
Authors: Ježek Jan , Oboňa Jozef , Manko Peter , Trýzna Miloš
Published: December 2021

New faunistic data from the northern Hercynian Mountains and adjacent localities (Czech Republic) collected mostly at 52 sites in 2004–2010 are presented. Altogether, 88 species of moth flies (adults) of 38 genera (approximately 49% of all species of the family registered from the Czech Republic) are known to occur in this area. Twenty of these species were classified in the national Red List 2005 of threatened invertebrates and 14 are nationally scarce, suitable for further monitoring. Katamormia bezzii (Salamanna, 1983) and Berdeniella longispinosa (Vaillant, 1985) are new for Bohemia. In the appendix, the updated checklist of family Psychodidae is given for the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Macroeconomic Aggregates of the European Union
Authors: Đukić Aleksandar , Štaka Mirjana , Drašković Dajana
Published: December 2021

Economic experts’ predictions of a slowdown in the EU’s global economy and economic growth in the year 2020 were based on various risks and uncertainties existing on a world scale, ranging from the US-China trade war, traditionally strained relations of the EU and the US on the one hand and the Russian Federation on the other, all the way to BREXIT and economic migration to developed EU countries. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has further aggravated those forecasts, so that the entire EU is recording a historic decline in all macroeconomic aggregates. The beginning of the pandemic in the EU was accompanied by the complete border lockdown of the entire Union, which greatly affected the economies of the member states. The EU is experiencing a decline of both real and nominal GDP, declining incomes, employment decline and unemployment increase. This paper will investigate the impact of COVID-19 onto GDP, unemployment, and EU public debt. Correlation-regression analysis confirms the positive correlation between these variables and the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the economic crisis, a crisis of EU health systems, which requires huge economic investments. A more prominent economic recovery is hard to expect until the global pandemic ends. One thing is for certain, this economic crisis will continue in 2021, whereby a more significant recovery is expected only in the year 2022. Certainly, it will take years to make up for the economic losses caused by the pandemic.
The Innovative Impact of Insurance for Economic Growth: The Evidence from New EU Member States
Authors: Kondovski Hristo
Published: December 2021

Insurance market activity, both as a financial intermediary and a provider of risk transfer and indemnification, may contribute to economic growth by allowing different risks to be managed more efficiently and by mobilizing domestic savings. During the last decade, there has been faster growth in insurance market activity, particularly in emerging markets given the process of liberalization and financial integration, which raises questions about its impact on economic growth.The aim of this paper is to examine relationship between insurance sector development and economic in 11 new EU member states from CentralandEasternEurope, using annual data fortheperiod 1999-2018. We apply dynamic and fully modified ordinary least squares to estimate the relationship between the variables. The results of our study indicate there are a positive and a significant relationship between insurance, measured through penetration, and economic growth Thus, functions of insurance companies - providing means of risk management and performing mobilization and allocation of resources - are important for economic growth and is in line with previous studies and with our hypothesis These results could be useful for regional governments that seek to improve economic growth as they suggest the need for implementation of stimulative policies for the development of insurance industry
Investment Activities of Polish Insurance Companies Before and After Solvency II
Authors: Szaniewski Daniel
Published: December 2021

Insurance companies operate in a turbulent, constantly changing environment. The insurance market plays an important role in the economy. On the one hand, it is characterized by the dynamic development of services based on new technologies and distribution channels, and on the other hand, it is subject to transformations related to changes in the scope of conducting insurance activities – including new legal regulations – and has to counter global challenges, such as the crisis which started in 2007 on the American financial market. In such realities, insurers must manage their investment activities. The article indicates the legal basis of the restrictions applicable to insurance companies in relation to their investment activities. The Solvency II system is discussed and the most important differences from its predecessor – Solvency I – are presented, and there is an analysis of the structure of investments of domestic life and non-life insurance companies.
A comparative assessment between artificial neural network, neuro-fuzzy, and support vector machine models in splash erosion modelling under simulation circumstances
Authors: Boroughani Mahdi , Soltani Somayeh , Ghezelseflu Nafiseh , Pazhouhan Iman
Published: December 2021

Splash erosion, as the first step of soil erosion, causes the movement of the soil particles and lumps and is considered an important process in soil erosion. Given the complexity of this process in nature, one way of identifying and modeling the process is to use a rainfall simulator and to study it under laboratory circumstances. For this purpose, transported material was measured with various rainfall intensities and different amounts of poly-acryl-amide. In the next step, artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and support vector machine (SVM) were used to model the transported materials. The results showed that among the three methods, the best values of evaluation criteria were related to SVM, and ANFIS respectively. Among the three studied durations, the experiment with a duration of 30 minutes received the best results. The results based on available data showed by increasing the number of membership functions, over-fitting happens in the ANFIS method. To reduce the complexity of the model and the likelihood of over-fitting, some rules were eliminated. The results showed that the performance of the model improved by eliminating some rules.
Endemic and invasive Coccinellidae associated with maize (Zea mays L.) fields, in Manabi province, Ecuador
Authors: Bailon Alvaro Gregorio , Mendoza Fernando Leonel , Solis Leonardo , Velasquez José , Montes Karime , Perla Gutierrez Diego R. , Kondo Takumasa , Chirinos Dorys T.
Published: December 2021

Maize (Zea mays L.), which is considered an important cereal everywhere, is widely cultivated in different agroecological conditions. Throughout their phenological stages, maize crops are attacked by pests and diseases, and in Ecuador these phytosanitary problems are usually counteracted with applications of pesticides. However, knowledge of beneficial entomofauna is fundamental to guide pest management programs. As part of this objective, the Coccinellidae species present in maize fields in localities (Santa Ana, Colon, and Danzarin) in Manabí province were identified. In each zone, maize plants were sampled from 2018–2019. A total of 2,654 specimens belonging to 14 taxa were collected in this study, of which Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Cycloneda sanguinea, Hippodamia convergens, Hyperaspis arida, and Psyllobora confluens were found in all the studied areas. Hyperaspis arida and Diomus apollonia are reported for the first time in Ecuador.
Schreiben mit der Schere: Herta Müllers Collagenband Vater telefoniert mit den Fliegen
Authors: Temeswar Grazziella Predoiu
Published: December 2021

Herta Müller has written several volumes of postcards, describing the work on the collages as a “relaxation exercise” from the laborious epic work. Her collage work is heterogeneous, works with the principle of chance, deals with clippings. The author tries o writing with scissors that can be positioned somewhere between literature and the fine arts. The volume Father Telephones with the Flies enables a political reading in which an I speaks about his traumas during the dictatorship, about interrogations, shadows and also includes the family sphere. Image and writing complement each other.
Rumäniendeutsche Literatur im Spiegel der Kronstädter Beiträge zur germanistischen Forschung. Rück- und Ausblick
Authors: Puchianu Carmen Elisabeth , Cotârlea Delia
Published: December 2021

The Corona pandemic confronts any academic exchange with major difficulties, with which Romanian germanists successfully come to turns. Considering the actual context of continuity and change the authors of the ensuing article analyse the Kronstädter Beiträge zur germanistischen Forschung Yearbook highlight ingone of its major points of interest namely the somewhat controversial phenomenon of German literature written in Romania. The article delineates the development of the journal from its beginning up to the present moment, when it can be found in important databases for academic use and research purposes.
Einige Bemerkungen zu den produktivsten Wortbildungsstrategien in der deutschen Fachterminologie des Eisenbahnwesens unter der kontrastiven Berücksichtigung des Polnischen
Authors: Maślanka Sebastian
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to present the most common word-formation strategies in German railway specialist terminology. The presentation of the most productive morphological nomination strategies in the analysed area is preceded by a short historical outline of the railway industry in Germany. The adumbration of the historical background and hints regarding the current EU environmental plans for railways are intended to expose the importance and relentless currency of the analysis undertaken here. The presented examples, which were extracted from the most extensive industry terminology database, RaiLLexic, have been correlated with their Polish equivalents. This contrastive procedure allows, going further, to draw conclusions about both language systems within which the professional terminology described here is constituted.
Deutsch als Fremdsprache in Rumänien am Beispiel der Polytechnischen Universität Temeswar
Authors: Dascălu-Romiţan Ana-Maria
Published: December 2021

In the phenomenon of globalization, the foreign language skills are part of both scientific field and everyday life. Though the number of learners of German decreased in the last twenty years, German seems to be again in greater demand as a foreign language all over the world. In the Romanian universities, the study of the German language continues to arouse great interest in the recent years. The following article deals with the role that German language plays in our country, and it tries to find answers regarding the Banat region/area, by using the example of the Polytechnic University of Timișoara. Another topic that the author emphasizes is the contribution of German as a foreign language - lessons in promoting the German language and culture in the Banat region.
Namen machen Leute: Nistor, Adina-Lucia: Von Aachmann bis Zillmann. Studien zu 73 Familiennamen auf -mann in Deutschland. Editura Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă: Cluj-Napoca, 2020, ISBN 978-606-17-1656-2, 304 S
Authors: Sava Doris
Published: December 2021

This volume of studies goes back to research work that was carried out as part of a long-standing project, Deutscher Familiennamenatlas (DFA). The DFA and the individual studies record the family names in Germany and the border areas for the first time on the basis of telephone connections (as of 2005) and with a rich map material. The considerations on selected family names gathered here are preliminary studies of the DFA, which are dedicated to family names on -mann.
Leadership malpractice: exposing the reality underpinning unleaderly behaviour
Authors: Branson Christopher M. , Marra Maureen
Published: December 2021

Background

A mounting body of research literature is highlighting the prevalence of serious malpractice by persons in leadership positions. Arguably, too many of those appointed to a leadership position believe that they have the right to act in any way that they choose. They believe that the title of ‘leader’ affords them the licence to act with little regard for others. But just because a person has been appointed to a leadership position, this does not automatically make them a leader. Nor does it imply that everything they do is leadership. Thus, the impetus for this article is the acknowledgement that it's time to clearly distinguish what truly constitutes leadership from that which is its antithesis – leadership malpractice. Not to do so only allows serious leadership malpractice to become normalised as acceptable leadership activity.

Research Aim

Therefore, the aim of this article is to first use research literature to describe the growing concern about the prevalence of malpractice by persons in leadership positions and then to illustrate how such malpractice can be naturally eradicated when leadership is seen, fundamentally, as a relational phenomenon. The purpose of this article is thus to provide a new theoretical perspective of leadership, one that will help to distinguish between that which is and is not leadership.

Findings

A close inspection of the extremely damaging and injurious outcomes produced by leadership malpractice shows that these mirror those caused by persons with extremely harmful psychosocial disorders. Despite any short-term gains, the research shows that leadership malpractice can ultimately cause serious and enduring poisonous effects on the individuals, families, organizations, communities, and even entire societies they lead. Furthermore, rules, regulations and policies have proven powerless. Seemingly, one cannot mandate true leadership; its manifestation must be inherent within our leadership theory.

Practical implications

In response, this article first explores the foundational values, principles and norms underpinning true leadership practice and then presents a new way to understand leadership from a transrelational perspective which naturally eradicates malpractice by those in leadership positions.

Social implications

Given that worldwide research has demonstrated how leadership malpractice causes seriously toxic personal, organisational and social outcomes, this article seeks to provide a theoretical rather than a technical or practical way of redressing this untenable situation. By inference, when leadership is practiced properly, when it is based upon apporpriate foundational values and principles, then malpractice is ended and workplaces become safe, gratifying and productive.

Originality

This article makes a significant contribution to the expanding area of research that is exploring the benefits to be gained by theorising leadership as a relational phenomenon.
Seeing the bigger picture: Qualitative research in the Zoom® age
Authors: Fletcher Simon
Published: December 2021

Participants in clinical trials for new haemophilia treatments are routinely asked to complete quality of life (QoL) questionnaires using validated and disease-specific instruments. Yet too often in clinical research we know very little about the life stories of individuals, making it difficult to know how they have been affected by a new therapy and what exactly has changed for the better – or for the worse. In my own research, I wanted to understand the differences that new treatments are really making to people's everyday lives. While traditional QoL instruments can be helpful, using a qualitative approach that involves speaking directly with people with haemophilia (PwH) and their family members has enabled me find out what has really been going on their lives, including impacts on the wider family. The Covid pandemic and the need to maintain social distancing changed the way in which my research has been carried out, but in fact provided an opportunity to see an even bigger picture. I believe that using videoconferencing platforms to conduct interviews and focus groups has both allowed me to see more of the world in which the participants live and has enabled participants to be more relaxed and open in their conversations, resulting in a potentially richer dataset. While this approach to qualitative QoL research should not replace interviews and focus groups, the use of videoconferencing should be considered as another methodology researchers can and should use to enable them to glean the richest data possible. Qualitative interviews offer an important complementary addition to the validated QoL measures used in clinical trials, enabling us to hear more about where improvements have occurred, where further improvements can be made, and the real-life impact of a new treatment for PwH and their families.
The Effect of Eight Weeks of Combined Training (Endurance-Intermittent Resistance and Endurance-Continuous Resistance) on Coagulation, Fibrinolytic and Lipid Profiles of Overweight Women
Authors: Hejazi Keyvan , Fathi Mehrdad , Salkhord Mahsa , Dastani Maryam
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Inflammatory and coagulation factors are among the various factors that are involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of combined training (endurance-intermittent resistance and endurance-continuous resistance) on coagulation, fibrinolytic and lipid profiles of overweight women.

Material and Methods. This was a quasi-experimental study of 36 overweight women, who were divided into three groups of endurance-intermittent resistance training (n = 12), endurance-continuous resistance training (n = 12) and control (n = 12). The training was performed during eight weeks, three times a week, and each session lasted for 80 to 90 minutes. Blood samples were analyzed for the concentrations of coagulation, fibrinolytic and lipid profiles before and after the completion of the training program.

Results. Fibrinogen levels, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and platelet count decreased significantly at the end of the training in both intervention groups. However, serum levels of D-dimer increased significantly in both training groups. Also, the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased significantly, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly.

Conclusions. Combined exercise improved most coagulation factors and lipid profiles at the end of the training period. Therefore, the results of our research suggest that a combined exercise program can improve the health of overweight women.
Time Budget of Inhabitants of Large Cities in Poland During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Piotrowski Krzysztof , Krukowska Renata
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The aim of the research is to determine the structure of the day – the time devoted to various activities – of the inhabitants of large cities in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account the workweek-weekend cycle.

Material and methods.
Time budget studies – using qualitative research methods (structured interview, including self-reporting) – were conducted in December 2020 among residents of selected 9 large cities in Poland. The research was based on self-reporting by the respondents for one week. The results were analysed using three parameters: the average duration of the activity, the average time of performing the activity, the percentage of people performing the activity.

Results.
The daytime structure of inhabitants of large cities during the pandemic included 9.19 h (39% day time) for physiological activities, 8.30 h (36%) for duties, 5.49 h (24%) for leisure time and 0.20 h (1%) for commute. Relative to the 2013 GUS survey, there was a decrease in the amount of time spent commuting to work/school (72% decrease), physiological needs (15% decrease) and housework (15% decrease), More time than before the pandemic (51% increase in the amount of time) was devoted to work, and leisure time was spent on sports and recreation (125% increase in the amount of time) and using mass media (16%).

Conclusions.
COVID-19 pandemic and the associated restrictions have significantly impacted our daily lives and how we use our time.
Distribution of new cars – no longer an issue for EU competition law?
Authors: Šmejkal Václav
Published: December 2021

Distribution cartels in the automotive sector used to be frequently dismantled and sanctioned by the European Commission and the EU Courts still some 15 years ago. In recent years, however, only a few cases have been reported at the national level of EU Member States. Is it because the distribution of new cars really ceased to be a competition problem as the European Commission declared when it removed this part of the automotive business from the specific Block Exemption Regulation for the automotive sector in 2010? The purpose of the present analysis is first to inspect the car distribution cases that emerged in the EU after the year 2000 and, second, to speculate somewhat whether new forms of distribution, brought by the digitalization of marketing and sales, cannot bring about also new risks to cartel agreements and other types of distortions of competition in car sales.
What are the factors of tax evasion? New findings in the EVS Study
Authors: Ryšavá Tereza , Zídková Hana
Published: December 2021

This paper is analyzing tax morale in three selected European countries through the evaluation of the results of the European Values Study. The main aim is to identify the factors that influence taxpayers’ decisions on the issue of whether they justify cheating on tax or not. The dependence and effect of selected factors were determined by analyzing data from the latest European Values Study (2019). The analysis revealed that not only demographic factors (gender, age), but also other socio-economic and institutional factors (religion, willingness to defend the home country, being a proud citizen, trust in government and respect for authorities) have a significant impact on taxpayers’ justification of cheating on taxes. This research is specifically focused on the Czech Republic, Poland and Spain.
Reality and expectations of old-age pension savings in the pension system of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Sika Peter , Vidová Jarmila
Published: December 2021

The aim of the authors is to provide a critical statistical-analytical view of the current pension system of the Slovak Republic with special regard to old -age pension savings in its fifteen-year existence, resulting in proposals for adjustments to its operation. It includes an analysis of the sustainability of pension systems, an analysis of the age distribution of savers as well as possible investment strategies of savers and the distribution of their property savings in pension funds. We model the investment strategy of a participant in old-age pension savings. We draw attention to the evaluation of old -age pension savings in pension funds during its existence and quantify the potential loss caused by an inappropriate investment strategy of savers. The an alysis showed that the Slovak participant in old-age pension savings invests mainly in conservative pension assets, which bring low volatility in the short term, which may not be optimal in the long run. In order to achieve change, we also outline the possibilities of changing the attitudes of savers to value their savings and propose reform steps that would contribute to ensuring a balance between the financial and social sustainability of the pension system.
TINGGALAN PERTAHANAN JEPANG DI KOTA KENDARI: MASA PERANG PASIFIK-DAI TOA SENSO SENKUM
Authors: Sope Amaluddin , Suryanto
Published: December 2021

Perang Dunia II di Asia dikenal dengan istilah Perang Pasifik, namun dipihak Jepang (Nippon) memakai istilah Perang Asia Timur Raya (Dai Toa Senso Senkum) dengan maksud propaganda Asia Untuk Orang Asia. Penyerangan Jepang atas Ford Island, Pearl Harbour, Hawaii menjadi penanda dimulainya perhelatan Perang Pasifik. Netherlands East Indies (Hindia Belanda) atau yang saat ini dikenal dengan nama Indonesia tidak terlepas dari imperialisme Jepang (Nippon) di masa Perang Pasifik. Kendari adalah salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang terkena imbas imperialisme Jepang. Dalam mempertahankan wilayah kekuasaannya setelah pendudukan, Jepang membangun berbagai fasilitas pertahanan. Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang tinggalan masa Perang Pasifik dari pihak Jepang yang masih dapat disaksikan saat ini, yaitu pillbox. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran dan fungsi bangunan pillbox di Kota Kendari. Dalam mencapai tujuan penelitian, digunakan metode survei yang didukung dengan data pustaka, dan informasi masyarakat. Hasil analisis arkeologis dan spasial yang dipadukan dengan analisis medan model COCOA menunjukan 21 bangunan pillbox yang tersebar di enam kecamatan di Kota Kendari membentuk pola mengelompok dan acak. Bangunan tersebut dibangun Jepang (Nippon) berfungsi sebagai fasilitas pertahanan, perlindungan, pemantauan, menghalau pergerakan militer sekutu, serta penguasaan area strategis di Kendari.
Using Grammarly to Enhance Students’ Academic Writing Skills
Authors: Zinkevich N. A. , Ledeneva T. V.
Published: December 2021

The paper aims to present the results of the experiment in applying the online writing assistant Grammarly.com to evaluate ESP students’ essay writing skills. One hundred master students’ papers were processed by the application to identify persisting errors at a master’s level. Quantitative and qualitative methods enabled the researchers to analyze the essays by setting five parameters: audience, formality, domain, tone, and intent. At the other end, the application broke down the outcome by five measurable factors: correctness, clarity, delivery, engagement, and style issues. The representative number of the essays fed into Grammarly.com provided a vivid and reliable picture of which lexis, grammar, structure, or style issues still need addressing. The most common mistakes detected by Grammarly.com were punctuation, wordy sentences, redundancy, and the abundance of personal pronouns in a formal style. They show that the gaps in students’ academic writing need a remedial course. Another objective of the research was to explore the potential of the online writing tool for students’ self-study. Grammarly.com cannot do work for students: it cannot think for them, neither can it write for them, but it can help learners identify the reoccurring writing problems, eliminate them, and monitor the progress. The application could be particularly useful for advanced students. The functionality of the Grammarly premium version allows for a choice of styles, type of addressee, tone of writing, and many other nuances, which could be beneficial not only for studies but in future professional life. Nonetheless, despite Grammarly’s advanced features, it only suggests a better variant, sometimes it errs, and in no way is it a substitute for a teacher.
On Continuity and Readiness for Education: Methodology Principles of Quality-Based System Management After Helen N. Solovova
Authors: Bulankina N. E.
Published: December 2021

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the most crucial problems related to innovative trends in modern education, i.e. increasing competitiveness. The aim of this paper is twofold: a) to consider the phenomenon of current methodology of professional education in terms of international principles ISO depicted in the research works of the outstanding methodologist and educator, Professor Helen N. Solovova; b) to reveal the versatility of the scientist’s activities in the frameworks of current academic scholarship. The main methodological concept considers the global strategic processes, and the value orientations of educational activity which become especially significant for those who have to work with a personality; the latter has to understand the realia of continuing transformations of the society, qualitative and quantitative changes in the educational environment of the country and the regions, and rather ambiguous social, informational, and educational aspects of the information spaces. As a result of this study, we state that current challenges are of prior importance for the personality development as individuality. As a priority this concerns a constantly changing status of education as a whole, and the image of the university and college trainers, school educators and tutors at In-Service institutions; as is the case, these phenomena reflected in both Russian and International Scientific Scholarship help to understand the progressive methodology principles which cover Knowledge Content, Technology, and Pedagogy/Language Didactics. In conclusion, a special role, for sure, belongs to the methodology of teaching foreign languages (H.Solovova’s concept of prior significance), which performs a humanizing and cultural mission; language pedagogy and didactics are in search of novel principles and approaches to the philosophy of training and learning foreign languages as a valuable intellectual component of Russian culture and education as a whole.
CONTESTING BOUNDARIES AND PRODUCING THE NORM: GENDER-RELATED ISSUES IN ISLAMIC THEORY AND PRACTICE
Authors: Sibgatullina Gulnaz , Kemper Michael
Published: December 2021

Particularly in the last decades, due to the rapid development of theoretical perspectives across disciplines, the notion of gender has evolved into an umbrella term that today refers to a broad array of themes: from gender-defined social behaviour to sexual and reproductive rights and to matters related to control over one’s body. Following major trends in the humanities and social sciences, also the field of Islamic studies has been contributing to the ongoing scholarly discussion on gender. Two recent volumes that focus specifically on gender issues in Muslim societies (Duderija et al., 2020; Howe, 2020) have marked the expansion of the field, away from dealing primarily with topics related to Muslim women and femininity to a cautious but firm engagement with a broader spectrum of gender-related themes.
‘IN ANY CASE WE ARE SUFIS’: THE CREATION OF HIJRA SPIRITUAL IDENTITY IN SOUTH ASIA
Authors: Kuehn Sara
Published: December 2021

Providing spiritual ‘safe spaces’, the Sufi shrine-world throughout the Indian Subcontinent is generally open to those who do not identify with conventional gender categories. Ajmer Sharif Shrine (dargāh) in the northern Indian town of Ajmer in Rajasthan is renowned for being particularly ‘inclusive’. It accepts all pilgrims without discrimination, including the so-called ‘third gender’, often referred to as hijras or kinnars, terms that transgress the socially-defined binary gender divide. Marginalized, and often socially stigmatized, these groups are naturally drawn towards liminal spaces such as Sufi dargāhs which encourage the transcendence of socio-religious boundaries. This paper explores certain typological aspects of traditional Sufi ritual and belief that make it particularly receptive to hijras, and the way in which hijras in turn appropriate and reconfigure Sufi religious belief to negotiate the tension between the liminality of their lived experience and the exclusive duality of the society around them. As well as utilizing fieldwork undertaken at the 808th
ГЕНДЕРНОЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ ХАЛЯЛЯ: ЖЕНСКОЕ ТЕЛО И РОДОВСПОМОЖЕНИЕ В ПЛАТНЫХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УСЛУГАХ ДЛЯ МУСУЛЬМАН В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАТАРСТАН
Authors: Vyatchina Maria
Published: December 2021

Using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia), this article discusses the emergence of the field of medical services for Muslims. It argues that genderisation of social interactions, in particular, of those between physicians and patients, has been one of the main principles of Muslim bioethics in the Republic. Among other measures, halal certification procedures are currently being developed by numerous religious experts in order to standardise and legitimise such genderisation. The analysis draws on data collected during multiple interviews with experts, medical professionals, Muslim patients, as well as on the qualitative study of regulatory documents. The article shows that the main feature of rules that govern certification procedures in Tatarstan today is the ongoing convergence between religious norms and biomedicine. As a particular example of medical services designed explicitly for Muslims in the Republic, the paper presents and analyses the service of “halal birth-giving”. This service combines commodification of religiosity and paid care for Muslim women, thereby heavily relying on their gender and religious identities, as well as their class status.
ZAHED, L.-M. (2020). HOMOSEXUALITY, TRANSIDENTITY, AND ISLAM: A STUDY OF SCRIPTURE. CONFRONTING THE POLITICS OF GENDER AND SEXUALITY. AMSTERDAM: AMSTERDAM UNIVERSITY PRESS
Authors: Janssen Lok Laurance
Published: December 2021

The book under review is authored by Ludovic-Mohammed Zahed (b. 1977), a French scholar of social psychology and the founder of Homosexuels musulmans de France, an association for gay and queer Muslims in France. With his work Zahed, who identifies as a feminist, gay Muslim and holds a position of an imam in an inclusive mosque in Paris, seeks to contribute to the expanding body of academic work that engages with issues of gender and sexuality in Islam. As his sources of inspiration, he names Islamic feminist scholars Fatima Mernissi (e.g. 1987; 2003) and Amina Wadud (1999; 2008), as well as a prominent scholar on sexual diversity in Islam, Scott Siraj Kugle (2010; 2013). If Islamic feminist studies have already evolved into an established field that has its roots in the 1980s, topics of homosexuality and non-binary gender identity in Islam have begun attracting scholarly interest only relatively recently. Particularly in the last decade, there has been a visible growth in the number of published works that have engaged with these topics from theological, sociological, and historical perspectives (e.g., Roscoe & Murray, 1997; El-Rouayheb, 2009; Habib, 2010; Shah, 2018). Challenging the premise that homophobia and misogyny are in compliance with Islamic ethical values, Zadeh’s book clearly draws on the arguments developed in these trailblazing works.
К вопросу о реальности выполнения национального проекта формирования территорий комфортной жизни в Дальневосточном регионе
Authors: Латкин Александр Павлович , Гришан Алексей Алексеевич
Published: December 2021

Аннотация. В системе национальных проектов социально-экономического развития России особое место отводится формированию территорий комфортной жизни в Дальневосточном регионе, оценке реалистичности достижения этой амбициозной цели в обозначенный среднесрочный период. Статья посвящена результатам многолетних исследований авторов состояния и тенденций организации централизованного теплоснабжения в Приморском крае и г. Владивостоке. Сделанное обобщение зарубежной и отечественной научной литературы, применяемой в российской практике нормативно-законодательной базы, а также выполненный анализ фактического состояния систем теплоснабжения позволили признать низким класс их энерговооруженности. На этой основе предложено распределение ролей субъектов управления в реализации национального проекта «Формирование территорий комфортной жизни»; проведена оценка долговременных эффектов их деятельности. Ключевые слова: национальные проекты, Дальний Восток, Приморский край, территория комфортной жизни, система централизованного теплоснабжения, управление.