bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educação a distância no Curso de Aperfeiçoamento de Oficiais da Aeronáutica
Authors: Garonce Francisco Vieira
Published: December 2024

The research aimed to analyse how the use of Distance Education (DE) at the Brazilian Air Force Enhancement Course, offered by the Brazilian Air Force Enhancement School, affected the performance of those students that took the course using this educational modality between 1990 and 1998. The Distance Education implementation at the Brazilian Air Force is being introduced in a historical context. The Constructivist Theory is discussed as a base for teaching and learning collaborative communities. These communities are used at the systems in order to achieve efficiency and the significance of time and space factors are also analysed within this process. The research methodology was distinguished by an exploratory ex-post-facto study, following the hypothetica deductive method, mainly using qualitative data with quantitative contribution. The DE students performance was compared with the accomplishment of the traditional ones and as a result it was noticeable that DE students had an inferior performance than the traditional ones. Possible causes have been sought out through questionnaires with students from the DE group. From the gathered information, it was possible to identify the probable causes and confront them with the theoretical framework used. The research revealed that the following aspects were the main reasons to justify the students inferior performance at the course: lack of time, in order to effectively devote themselves to the DE course and the lack of teaching and learning collaborative communities that could promote integration and improvement to the Distance Education process.
Análise cronológica sobre a reabilitação no pós-operatório de reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior
Authors:   , Nunes Ana Caroline , Silva Jade Açucena Souza , Trugilio Rayane Catira
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O ligamento cruzado anterior é um estabilizador primário da articulação do joelho. A lesão deste ligamento pode resultar de traumas direto ou indireto, ocorrendo quando há aplicação de forças de tensão que superam a capacidade elástica do ligamento, resultando em rupturas parciais ou totais. Ao longo dos anos diversos protocolos de tratamento pós operatório de reconstrução do LCA vêm sendo criados a fim de garantir condutas e critérios de progressão seguros. Objetivo: Analisar os avanços no tratamento pós operatório da reconstrução do LCA, avaliando como as práticas clínicas tem se adaptado para otimizar a recuperação funcional do indivíduo. Método: Análise cronológica de protocolos de reabilitação, com critérios de elegibilidade para estudos que apresentassem protocolos estruturados por fases de reabilitação, utilizando as plataformas de buscas, PUBMED e GOOGLE ACADÊMICO. Conclusão: Ocorreram avanços no âmbito cirúrgico e no contexto de reabilitação no pós operatório do LCA. Ao longo dos anos houve mudanças nos protocolos de tratamento, porém ainda não há unanimidade em relação aos critérios de retorno ao esporte.
Análise cronológica das intervenções fisioterapêuticas no tratamento da incontinência urinária feminina
Authors:   , Plens Bruna Tallita , Galdino Halana Cristina Silva , Santos Tifanny Naiane de Almeida
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A incontinência urinária (IU) é uma perda involuntária de urina, que pode variar de pequenos escapes à perda completa do controle urinário. Afeta cerca de 45% das mulheres e 15% dos homens acima de 40 anos, sendo que aproximadamente 5% da população mundial sofre com o problema. No Brasil, 26% das mulheres são impactadas. Existem tipos comuns de IU, como incontinência de esforço, urgência e mista, e os fatores de risco incluem idade, sexo, gravidez, parto, menopausa e cirurgias pélvicas. Esse distúrbio afeta a qualidade de vida física, social, psicológica e sexual dos indivíduos. O tratamento fisioterapêutico envolve educação e exercícios para fortalecer a musculatura do assoalho pélvico, com técnicas como eletroestimulação, eletroacupuntura e biofeedback, para melhorar o controle urinário. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo é analisar os efeitos das intervenções fisioterapêuticas na incontinência urinária (IU) e seus respectivos progressos ao longo dos últimos 22 anos. Métodos: análise cronológica de ensaios clínicos, com critério de elegibilidade a intervenções fisioterapêuticas para o tratamento incontinência urinária (IU) utilizando as plataformas de buscas PUBMED, PEDRO e COCHRANE. Conclusão: as intervenções fisioterapêuticas para o tratamento da incontinência urinária (IU) no intervalo temporal analisado obtiveram poucas mudanças. Nota-se que no decorrer dos anos, o tratamento para IU demonstrou mais resultados eficazes para melhora da função do assoalho pélvico e da qualidade de vida da mulher quando realizado com terapias combinadas. O treinamento do músculo do assoalho pélvico associado a eletroacupuntura é a terapia combinada mais atual que demonstra efetividade.
A intervenção fisioterapêutica no tratamento de pacientes não submetidos à cirurgia na síndrome do impacto femoroacetabular: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors:   , Rosa Caroline Pereira , Rodrigues Estela Fernanda Sardela , Costa Glória Maria Dantas da
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O impacto femoroacetabular (IFA) ocorre através do contato anormal entre a cabeça do fêmur e a borda acetabular, gerando dor no quadril e virilha, redução na amplitude de movimento (ADM) e, em casos mais graves a osteoartrite. Objetivo: Analisar cronologicamente as intervenções fisioterapêuticas no tratamento de pacientes com IFA que não foram submetidos à cirurgia, no período de 2016 a 2024. Métodos: Essa revisão bibliográfica incluiu ensaios clínicos randomizados comparando a eficácia da intervenção fisioterapêutica com a cirurgia artroscópica. As pesquisas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane e PEdro. Inicialmente foram selecionados 45 artigos, após a exclusão por duplicatas, títulos e resumos sobraram 19 artigos e por fim foram selecionados apenas 7 artigos após a leitura na íntegra. Resultados: De acordo com os estudos, a fisioterapia demonstrou ser uma alternativa eficaz e segura, principalmente por sua abordagem personalizada e não invasiva. Através da avaliação é encontrado as principais alterações do paciente e a partir disso traçado um plano terapêutico específico para cada indivíduo, buscando melhorar a força muscular, restaurar a amplitude de movimento e reduzir a dor. Como contraponto, a cirurgia artroscópica ainda é a opção mais indicada em casos mais severos. Conclusão: A fisioterapia deve ser considerada a primeira linha de tratamento, principalmente em casos mais leves ou em pacientes que preferem evitar ou não podem realizar a cirurgia, pois em muitos casos consegue obter uma melhora capaz de dar qualidade de vida para o paciente. No entanto, ainda são necessários mais estudos para definir protocolos terapêuticos padronizados e para avaliar os benefícios da fisioterapia a longo prazo.
Global corporate performance evaluation and sustainability reporting
Authors: Borré Luigi , Gelmini Lorenzo
Published: December 2024

Amongst the recent trends in the field of sustainability reporting, the implementation of Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) and related legislation by the EU and its member states poses a number of challenges for stakeholders. A key issue in this regard is the recognition of the inextricable link between sustainability issues and financial factors — the traditional focus of business disciplines for many years. In this sense, there is a growing need for interpretive models that express a firm’s overall performance based on both financial and non-financial factors. This need cannot be met by simply combining data and information from both areas into a single document (such as the integrated report). The risk is creating overly complex, unstructured, and inconsistent documents (both over time and across contexts) that can confuse users and, in some cases, “paralyze” their ability to make informed decisions. This paper proposes a model able to capture the overall performance of a company, into which both the financial factors and the non-financial (including sustainability) items are taken into account and related. The novelty of the current study, and its most meaningful outcome, consists in the exact construction of an innovative accounting model that comprises, in numerical terms and in terms of the relationship between financial and non-financial dimensions; in doing so, the sustainability reporting ceases to be an adjunctive factor that is detached from the financial reporting sphere, and is specifically related to and harmonized with the latter.
Integrating Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE) and Islamic Criminal Law: Addressing Malware-Based Data Theft
Authors: Mulyohadi Arif
Published: December 2024

This study examines the phenomenon of information theft using malware, analyzed through the lens of Indonesian criminal law under Law No. 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE) and Islamic criminal law principles. The research focuses on the legal implications and measures to address cybercrime, particularly data theft, in the digital era. Employing a normative juridical approach, the study analyzes primary and secondary legal materials, including statutory provisions, case laws, and relevant literature. Findings reveal that UU ITE provides detailed mechanisms for criminalizing and penalizing perpetrators of malware-based data theft, emphasizing preventive and repressive actions. From the perspective of Islamic criminal law, such acts are categorized under ta’zīr punishments, as they harm individuals and society by violating the principles of amanah (trust) and maslahah (public interest). The study concludes that while UU ITE effectively addresses cybercrime, integrating Islamic legal principles could enhance the ethical foundation of law enforcement, fostering a balanced approach between punitive measures and moral guidance. This research contributes to the discourse on harmonizing modern legal frameworks with religious values to strengthen cybersecurity law enforcement.
INTERAÇÕES SOCIAIS PROMOVIDAS EM ATIVIDADES EXPERIMENTAIS DE QUÍMICA EM PEQUENOS GRUPOS COM UMA PESSOA SURDA E OUVINTES
Authors: Ozelame de Souza Fernanda , Peres Gonçalves Fábio
Published: December 2024

With the increasing number of deaf people in Brazilian schools, educational activities in the area of Science Education that contemplate them become increasingly necessary. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the potentialities and limits of a proposal for experimental activities in small groups for the teaching and learning processes of Chemistry in high school in a context with deaf and hearing people. The proposal was developed in a class of the 3rd year of high school in a public school and had as research subjects students from a group formed by a deaf student and three hearing students. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to analyze the initial student understandings about the deaf person and a sequence of experimental Chemistry activities to identify the social interactions promoted in the group and their possible relationships with the initial student understandings. The obtaining of qualitative information related to the sequence of experimental activities occurred through audio and video recordings. All qualitative information was submitted to the procedures of discursive textual analysis. The results indicate that the proposal was able to promote, especially, collaborative and tutorial interactions in the group. In addition, the initial student understandings about the deaf person may have influenced the social interactions promoted in the group.
UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO SOBRE A SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO HABITUS NA TRAJETÓRIA DE VIDA: UM OLHAR MAIS AMPLO PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Lanzillotta Gabriel , Pietrocola Mauricio
Published: December 2024

In recent years, debates around the world have sought to improve teacher training in science education. However, many of these discourses have emphasized market-based solutions, proposing the idea of “efficiency” and “flexibility”. On the other hand, the conception of science teacher training as a continuous process, throughout life, has been neglected beyond university studies. This is because the influence of this broader process on the socialization of teaching practice, reflected in the science classroom, is not absolutely clear. In this sense, the aim of this work is to understand the relationship between elements of the habitus of elementary school science teachers and their respective socialization processes throughout their lives, taking into account various social spaces. The theoretical and methodological background used was the theory of Pierre Bourdieu, his conceptions of the social practice of agents through the study of habitus and capitals. This research studied 16 science teachers (Biology, Physics, Chemistry and Science) from Brazilian elementary school. Characterized as a qualitative study, the research used a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews, and the data was analyzed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). The study identified significant patterns that reflect complex social dynamics, especially related to cultural and economic capital. There is a clear dichotomy between "banking" and "dialogical" approaches, influenced by the teachers' socialization experiences. Furthermore, gender socialization in the incorporation of science teachers' habitus dispositions is fundamental to understanding their social practice. The article also suggests areas for future research, including the influence of students on the socialization process and comparative studies between different educational and cultural contexts. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of formulating new dynamics in science teacher training programs to promote truly emancipatory teacher education.
PENSAMENTO QUÍMICO E AS HABILIDADES COGNITIVAS DE ESTUDANTES EM UMA AULA EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Garcia de , Broietti Fabiele Cristiane Dias , Talanquer Vicente A.
Published: December 2024

The inclusion of experimentation in Chemistry classes represents a pedagogical tool to improve the understanding of concepts, enabling students to establish connections between content and scientific practices. Through experimentation, it is possible to enrich the learning experience by stimulating the development of students' chemical thinking and cognitive skills. In this study, we analyzed the different levels of cognitive skills demonstrated by students in a Chemistry course when answering questions provided during an experimental activity. We also investigated whether these levels are related to the variables of progress in chemical thinking. Data were collected in a course taught for the final year of an undergraduate Chemistry course at a university in the southern region of Brazil. Data analysis was conducted according to the principles of content analysis. Data collection included several documents, such as the pre- and post-experiment questions present in the class outline, as well as the written answers of the undergraduates to these questions. The questions and the students' answers were categorized into different levels of cognitive skills. In addition, the students' answers were categorized according to the variables of progress in chemical thinking. We found that the activity allowed students to move through different variables and demonstrate levels of higher-order cognitive skills. We identified connections between the levels of cognitive skills in the students' responses and the levels of the questions. Finally, we propose a model that integrates different levels of chemical knowledge, distinct cognitive skills, and the variables of progress in chemical thinking, allowing teaching and learning in Chemistry to transcend the mere assimilation of information, encompassing an in-depth understanding of the nature of chemistry.
PRÁTICAS ESCOLARES DE FÍSICA MODERNA E CONTEMPORÂNEA NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UM ESTUDO DE DISSERTAÇÕES E TESES BRASILEIRAS (1972-2020)
Authors: Terra Carla Nayelli , Megid Neto Jorge
Published: December 2024

Modern and Contemporary Physics (MCP) is present in our daily lives through technological apparatuses, newspaper reports, medical examinations, satellite, the internet and many other means and technological resources, being, therefore, a direct contact in our daily life and essential in basic school education, particularly in physics teaching. Thus, this research aims to identify and analyze the dissertations and theses defended in the period between 1972 and 2020 which dealt with pedagogical practices about the teaching of MCP in High School (HS). The work seeks to highlight the innovations and pedagogical practices developed in the selected academic researches and the advances and obstacles faced when approaching MCP in HS, having the following research problem: what are the characteristics and theoretical-pedagogical tendencies of Modern and Contemporary Physics practices proposed in dissertations and theses aimed at Physics Teaching in high school? It is characterized as a state-of-the-art research on Brazilian academic production related to the proposed theme. 405 researches which approached the MCP theme were located from the Bank of Theses and Dissertations from the Documentation Center in Science Education in the School of Education of The University of Campinas (Unicamp). Of these, 162 papers which dealt specifically with the implementation of pedagogical practices in HS were selected. From the reading of the full texts of the 162 researches on pedagogical practices, we classified and analyzed the documents according to the following descriptors of Pedagogical practices, (School years, MCP Themes, MCP Content, Pedagogical Methods and Strategies, Teaching Materials, Theoretical Framework, Pedagogical Model). Among the 162 researches, we have identified that most of them have implemented practices in the 3rd year of HS, with the most covered topics being Quantum Physics and Nuclear Physics and, to a lesser extent, Solid State Physics. In relation to teaching methods and strategies, we identified: lectures, group work and prior knowledge elicitation more frequently. The most used Teaching Resources and Materials were the use of Internet/Computer/Digital Resources, Electronic Presentations,and Questionnaires/Exercises. As for the pedagogical models that supported the practices, the (Socio)Constructivist (44%) and Science-Technology-Society (38%) models prevailed, although we found practices consistent with the Traditional, Rediscover and Technicist models; furthermore, many studies involved two or more pedagogical models in the practices implemented. The results confirm the possibility of inserting MCP theme into HS, also evidencing the variety of theoretical and methodological options for the implementation of practices on the subject.
FLEX-AS: ESTRATÉGIA DIDÁTICA PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS NAS PERSPECTIVAS DA aPRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA E FLEXIBILIDADE COGNITIVA
Authors: Oliveira José Antônio Bezerra de , Cavalcante Patrícia Smith , Aquino Kátia Aparecida da Silva
Published: December 2024

This study is a segment of a broader research project aimed at identifying connections between the Theory of Meaningful Learning (TML), its critical perspective (CML), and the Theory of Cognitive Flexibility (TCF). Based on this dialogue, the study sought to design a didactic strategy for science teaching in basic education to facilitate the promotion of meaningful and critical learning. Analyzing the principles of these theories led to the identification of five points of convergence, or descriptors, namely: Emphasis on Knowledge Construction, Relevance of Prior Knowledge, Focus on Deep Understanding, Contextualized Learning, and Learning Progressivity. These descriptors guided the development of a didactic strategy for science teaching. The strategy, titled FLEX-AS, consists of four stages: Planning, Preparation, Experience, and Evaluation. Each stage is detailed and theoretically and methodologically grounded. Reflections on the creation of FLEX-AS demonstrated the conceptual coherence of integrating the underlying theories into a less theoretical and more practical framework for educators.
Navigating Emotional Intelligence: A Comprehensive Review of Theories, Models and Applications
Authors: Krishnan Heamalatha , Awang Siti Rahmah
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the foundational theories, models, and assessment tools of emotional intelligence (EI), focusing on their practical applications in organizational settings. The research conducts a thorough narrative review, analyzing existing literature from key academic databases to identify the strengths and limitations of different EI models. The findings highlight ExzI's significant role in enhancing leadership, teamwork, and employee well-being. By critically evaluating various measurement tools, the study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate EI assessments to inform academic and professional frameworks. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for improving EI training programs and integrating emotional competencies into leadership development and organizational strategies.
O CONTEÚDO DO PROJETO DE EDUCAÇÃO DA FUNDAÇÃO VICTOR CIVITA: UMA ANÁLISE DE SEUS EDITORIAIS DE PESQUISA
Authors: Sousa Cristiane Lopes de
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo apresenta-se como objeto de estudo a Área de Estudos & Pesquisas Educacionais da Fundação Victor Civita (FVC). Objetiva-se compreender o conteúdo do projeto educacional da Fundação a partir da análise dos cinco editorais publicados pela Área de Estudos entre os anos de 2010 – 2015. O materialismo histórico dialético é a perspectiva teórico-metodológica que norteia esta pesquisa, tem como base a Pesquisa Documental o tipo de pesquisa utilizado e a Análise Documental como instrumento de coleta e análise de dados a partir dos cinco editorais publicados pela Área de Estudos da Fundação. Conclui-se que o projeto educacional da Fundação Victor Civita está alinhado ao projeto societário do empresariado brasileiro. E o conteúdo deste projeto é caracterizado pela presença de uma perspectiva de educação tradicional, instrumental e fragmentada, que viabiliza o fortalecimento do projeto classista neoliberal e aprofunda as desigualdades com o objetivo precípuo de formar um sujeito específico para o mercado de trabalho.
PERCEPÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM IDOSOS DIABÉTICOS COM AMPUTAÇÃO DE MEMBROS INFERIORES: REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: Alcalde Guilherme Eleutério , Santos Rafael Francisco de Oliveira , Macedo Marcelo Alves de , Alcalde Karina Graziela Paccola , Avante Giovanna da Silva , Marques Nise Ribeiro , Grandini Carlos Roberto
Published: December 2024

Sabe-se que a alta prevalência de diabetes mellitus e seu impacto na amputação e qualidade de vida dos idosos, fundamentam e justificam a importância no desenvolvimento de estratégias de apoio e prevenção para essa condição clínica. O objetivo foi realizar um estudo de revisão de literatura sobre os instrumentos utilizados para avaliação da qualidade de vida em idosos diabéticos com amputação de membros inferiores. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura de 2018 a 2023, por meio de levantamento de artigos científicos na base de dados do Google Acadêmico. Para tanto, foram utilizadas as seguintes palavras-chave: Idoso, Qualidade de Vida, Diabetes Mellitus, Amputação; e similares em inglês. Foram encontrados onze artigos científicos completos de ensaios clínicos, cujos temas estavam condizentes com as variáveis de interesse deste estudo. Com base na literatura cientifica selecionada, conclui-se que a amputação atraumática possui um resultado negativo de grande potencialidade sobre a qualidade de vida dos idosos.
OS ORGANISMOS INTERNACIONAIS E A REGULAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS BRASILEIRAS (1990-2017): RETROCESSOS E GOLPES NA RECOMPOSIÇÃO DO CAPITAL
Authors: Lameira Aida Patrícia Fernandes , Silva Élido Santiago da
Published: December 2024

Esse artigo é parte de uma dissertação de mestrado. Tem por objetivo, analisar a influência dos organismos internacionais na regulação da educação pública brasileira entre os anos 1990 e 2017, no intento descobrir como se deu tal influência e se as reformas implementadas nesse último período no Brasil, como a Reforma Trabalhista (Lei 13.467/2017 e a Reforma do Ensino Médio (Lei 13.145/2017), são reflexo dessa influência. Para isso, analisa alguns aspectos da conjuntura político-econômico internacional das décadas de 1970-1990, bem como as diretrizes político-educacionais apontadas por esses organismos internacionais aos países latino-americano, como o Brasi. Os principais aportes teóricos utilizados na fundamentação do trabalho são:  Esteves, Souza, (2020); Leher (1999); Jacomeli (2010); Antunes (2018); Ramos (2017). Como metodologia adotou-se a análise documental, analisando documentos oficiais elaborados por esses organismos nesses períodos, além da análise bibliográfica específica. Concluiu-se que os Organismos Internacionais influenciaram as políticas públicas nos anos de 1990 e 2017, os quais foram marcados por pacotes de medidas neoliberais visando a reconfiguração do Estado brasileiro dentro do modelo neoliberal, como demanda da política de recomposição das bases de acumulação capitalista, que levou à implementação de reformas, entre elas, a Reforma Trabalhista (Lei 13.467/2017) e a Reforma do Ensino Médio, (Lei 13.415/2017). Tais achados permitem concluir que o trabalho alcançou os objetivos propostos.
CIDADES INTELIGENTES E O DESAFIO DA INCLUSÃO: ANÁLISE DOS PROJETOS E AÇÕES DO ITAIPU PARQUETEC NA CIDADE DE FOZ DO IGUAÇU/PR
Authors: Souza Sinvales Roberto de , Lorenzo Helena Carvalho de
Published: December 2024

Diante do aumento populacional e dos desafios urbanos, surgem iniciativas de “cidades inteligentes”, impulsionadas pela tecnologia para melhorar a qualidade de vida. Embora o conceito seja recente e frequentemente focado em perspectivas empresariais e tecnológicas, os estudos mais recentes abordam sua complexidade, destacando sustentabilidade e bem-estar social. Este estudo analisou a relação entre parques tecnológicos e “cidades inteligentes”, partindo da ideia de que a tecnologia, isoladamente, não transforma cidades. A pesquisa colaborou e avaliou os projetos do Itaipu Parquetec em Foz do Iguaçu, considerando sua contribuição para uma cidade tecnologicamente avançada, economicamente forte, sustentável e justa. Utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva, com pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e entrevistas. Os resultados revelam esforços do Itaipu Parquetec em diversos projetos, porém com predominância de uma visão tecnicista. Apesar da legislação favorável, faltam políticas públicas integradas que enfrentem desafios regulatórios e promovam ações coletivas.
DESCENTRALIZAÇÃO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA, DELEGAÇÃO DE FUNÇÕES PÚBLICAS A PARTICULARES COM REMUNERAÇÃO DIRETA PELO USUÁRIO. O EXEMPLO DOS SERVIÇOS NOTARIAIS E REGISTRAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Santiago Filho Luiz Eugênio Côrtes , Matos Marcelo Amaral de , Leite Welinton Fernandes , Pereira Gustavo Mazzei
Published: December 2024

Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos um estudo a respeito da delegação de funções públicas a particulares com remuneração realizada diretamente pelos usuários do serviço. Um exemplo desse modelo é o exercício da função notarial e registral. A abordagem deste estudo visa não apenas identificar as diferenças desse modelo de descentralização em relação aos demais, mas também destacar suas vantagens em ganho de eficiência e redução de custos. O referencial teórico enfatizou que a função notarial e registral no Brasil é exercida por meio de delegação com características especiais, diferentes da descentralização legal ou por colaboração, e que a atividade é desenvolvida por um profissional de direito selecionado por concurso público, com deveres e responsabilidades atribuídos por lei, que assume a responsabilidade de organização administrativa e de contratação de pessoal, inclusive o seu custeio, que é remunerado diretamente pelo usuário por emolumentos, sem custo para o Estado, e que é fiscalizado pelo Poder Judiciário. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa legislativa e doutrinária para, ao final, concluirmos que esse modelo de exercício de funções públicas é uma forma eficiente e elencamos as suas vantagens.
O caso Joaquim Borges Rodrigues
Authors: Costa Manoel Julio Cesar
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the case of Joaquim Borges Rodrigues, debated in the Provincial Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro in 1878, to explore the tensions and contradictions of the Brazilian slave system and the interpretation of the 1824 Constitution. In September 1878, inquiries led by police chief Pedro Augusto de Moura Carijó, involving severe physical assaults against enslaved individuals, generated significant controversy in Barra Mansa and sparked a heated debate in the Provincial Assembly. Deputy Joaquim Leite Ribeiro de Almeida opposed police intervention, defending property rights, while Deputy José Barbosa Torres supported the legality of police actions and the need for justice. An analysis of the parliamentary proceedings and a review of the literature, including works by both imperial-era and contemporary scholars, was crucial for understanding the power dynamics and legal interpretations at play in this case.
Antônio Carlos, autor de Constituições
Authors: Heráclio do Rêgo André Ricardo
Published: December 2024

The subject of this article is Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada, brother of the Patriach of the Independence of Brazil, José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva.  Antônio Carlos played an essential role in the Revolutioin of Pernambuco, in 1817, as well as in the Constitucional Assemblies of Lisbon, in 1821, and of Brazil, in 1823. In these three occasions, he developed a constitucional legacy which influenced the constitutionalisms of both sides of the Atlantic.
Thermal Stability of Flexible Tanks When Affected by a Heat Flux from Upper Forest Fire
Authors:   EMERCOM of Russia, Nelyubov V.N. , Kopylov N.P. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Loginov V.I. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, Sushkina E.Yu. ,   FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
Published: December 2024

To extinguish large-scale and complex fires that are, for example, forest fires, a significant amount of fire-extinguishing agents and their long-distance feed using high-performance fire equipment, e.g. «Shkval», «Vodoley», and PANRC, are required. For these cases, flexible tanks are recommended for use as intermediate and storage tanks to prepare water solutions for fire-extinguishing agents. Multilayered composite polymer materials are used for their manufacture. When affected by a heat flux, thermal destruction occurs. According to the literary sources, the destruction of polymer materials of foreign manufacture starts at the temperature of 280–290 °С and reaches its maximum at the temperature of 410–420 °С.
In the front of the upper forest fire, total heat fluxes (radiant and convective compounds) up to 120 kW/m2 are implemented, with a radiant heat flux reaching the value of 50 kW/m2. As the distance from the fire front increases, the heat flux decreases exponentially depending on the distance.
An unsteady heat conductivity equation can describe the heating of materials used to manufacture a flexible tank for a multilayered structure in the form of a plate. Three schemes of multilayered structures have been considered; their relevant initial and boundary conditions have been set. A numerical solution for the heat conductivity equation using MathCad 2000 has been proposed. The obtained solution has been verified based on the text example from the US standard ASTMF 1930; the results of the calculation have been compared with the experimental data of laboratory tests in accordance with the GOST R 53264—19 methodology. The calculations comply with the experiment.
Based on the heat flux data for an upper forest fire, the safe distance from the burn front to the flexible tank has been determined by calculations; it exceeds 20 m.
Modern Technical Solutions and an Integrated Approach to the Elimination of Combustion Foci and Municipal Solid Waste Landfills
Authors:   Don State Technical University, Denisov O.V. , Andreeva E.S. ,   Don State Technical University, Bogdanova I.V. ,   Don State Technical University
Published: December 2024

Due to the growth of the number of solid municipal waste landfills and in case of ignition, the issue of prevention and elimination of fires is extremely crucial. The study aims to the discuss possibilities of a comprehensive solution for the problem of managing environmental risks of solid municipal waste landfills near urbanized areas, which are caused by frequent fires in waste layers. Based on the systemic approach principles, environmental risk assessment and management methods have been applied, including the method of geo-ecological zoning and geo-ecological mapping of landfills; the fire equipment used for fire-extinguishing in waste layers has been upgraded as well. To reach the goal of the study, the work is to be implemented in three stages. Within the first stage, the primary identification of environmental risks of landfills occurring due to various causes is advisable. Within the second stage, in accordance with numerical values of physical and chemical parameters obtained within the first stage, the established environmental risks are assessed using a number of threshold methods. The potential application of non-threshold assessment methods is conditioned by the content of a number of carcinogenic substances in the waste layer. The third stage is dedicated to the direct extinguishing of fires occurring and developing both on the surface and in shallow depths (up to 10–15 cm) of waste layers. According to the results of the study, one of the modern solutions for the issue is the suggested innovative mechanism of environmental risk management for solid municipal waste landfills based on the example of the Rostov region relying on the application of modern techniques and technologies. This field of scientific research is prospective and of high practical and scientific value.
On the Issue of Choosing Criteria of Standardization of Minimum Safe Distances for Cryogenic Semi-Isothermal Liquefied Natural Gas Tanks
Authors:   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC, Safonov V.S. , Grechko A.G. ,   Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC
Published: December 2024

Currently, the industry of small- and medium tonnage liquefied natural gas is actively developing in the Russian Federation. One of the most crucial issues is the development of the appropriate regulatory and methodological framework based on the contemporary standard and legal regulation of safety in industry.
Today, there is a qualitative difference in values of minimum permissible distances for semi-isothermal tanks of liquefied natural gas as adopted in Russian and international documentations (for the Russian documentation, significantly longer distances are adopted), which clearly indicates differences in accident scenarios adopted for consideration.
The study analyzes the specific conditions of the destruction of ground-based single-wall cylindrical tanks used for drainage-free storage of liquefied hydrocarbon gases under an extreme external impact accompanied by explosive boiling of a thermodynalically superheated liquid and fireball generation.
Materials and technologies, quality control methods and protection systems as well as the operating conditions applied for manufacturing of semi-isothermal cryogenic tanks actually exclude a possibility of a significant spontaneous breach of leak-tightness of the internal self-supporting container, which is proved by a complete absence of incidents for a more than 50-year period of their active use both in Russia and abroad.
It has been demonstrated that, unlike single-wall tanks for typical cryogenic semi-isothermal tanks of liquefied natural gas with powder-vacuum or multilayered screen-vacuum thermal insulation, in normal operation modes the conditions of thermodynamic overheating of liquefied gas cannot be reached.
Therefore, when minimum safe distances from stationary ground-based cylindrical thermally insulated tanks of liquefied natural gas are standardized, the scenario of a spontaneous breach of a leak-tightness of the internal container and a spill of full volume of stored product and BLEVE effect with the generation of a fireball must be prevented.
Peculiarities of Regulatory and Methodological Support of Occupational Risk Assessment
Authors:   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prevention and Health Protection of Workers of Industrial Enterprises of the Rospotrebnadzor, Ruzakov V.O. , Fedoruk A.A. ,   Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prevention and Health Protection of Workers of Industrial Enterprises of the Rospotrebnadzor, Karimova L.K. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Muldasheva N.A. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Shapoval I.V. ,   Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology
Published: December 2024

The objective of the study was to examine the peculiarities of practical application of the effective regulatory and legal documents used for occupational risk assessment. Regulatory and legal acts, methodological and guiding documents as well as state standards regulating occupational risk assessment have been analyzed; the application of certain methodologies of occupational risk assessment for employees of primary occupations engaged in copper and zinc ores extraction and processing was tested by two methods, i.e., the matrix method using the RiskProf online service and the method according to R 2.2.3969—23. The final assessment of the occupational risk of health disorders of employees of primary occupations was performed by the matrix method, considering a hazard (hazardous event), severity, and the probability of possible events. For all professional groups, the occupational risk assessed by the matrix method corresponded to the average level. The occupational risk assessment of employees’ health disorders in accordance with R 2.2.3969—23 demonstrated that the risk among employees of various occupations has been very high. The application of two methods of occupational risk assessment provided significant inconsistency in results. The risk analysis based on the retrospective data including earlier implemented risks in the form of occupational illnesses provided a more negative forecast; whereas the detected risks require a higher prioritization when developing measures to improve working conditions. As a result of the integrated occupational risk assessment, a very high risk category has been established for sinkers on hand drills (5 points), high for sinkers of drilling rigs and drivers of loading and delivery machines (4 points); for the other employees, the risk category complied with the average level. The obtained results demonstrate that only the use of both methodologies has ensured an objective occupational risk assessment considering expected (potential) and implemented risks.
Fire Inquests and the Specifics of Forest Fire Investigation
Authors:   Kemerovo State University, Neverov E.N. , Besperstov D.A. ,   Kemerovo State University, Negreev M.A. ,   Kemerovo State University
Published: December 2024

The article presents an inquest as a form of state influence on violators of requirements for fire safety resulting in fires, especially
those leading to significant consequences. It highly affects fire safety violators as an authority makes decision concerning perpetrators, including complete compensation of material loss and criminal liability.
The study also considers the procedure of inquest on fires in general, its main stages, decisions made based on the results of the inquest, and terms of implementation. The process of investigating forest fires and its basic aspects, i.e., examining the location of the fire, interviewing witnesses, requesting certificates and documents, and appointing an expert examination, are provided in detail. The description of these processes relies on the legislation of the Russian Federation. The specifics of forest fires are identified. The main problematic issues faced by investigators are formulated based on the considered aspects of the investigation of such crimes and their specifics. The issues have been also formulated in accordance with the attributes of forest fires in general, such as extensive areas of fire, dependence on meteorological conditions and local relief, and other factors.
To address the detected issues, the study provides a number of proposals based on the application of modern technologies to identify the source and causes of a fire and the improvement of the legal aspect of the issue, including closer international cooperation. The implementation of proposed measures will improve the efficiency of forest fire investigations, which, in turn, will enable to determination of the most crucial fields of fire prevention.
Kolay Dile Dilbilimsel Yaklaşım
Authors: ELMALI MURAT
Published: December 2024

Kolay Dil, dil becerilerini kullanırken çeşitli engellerle karşılaşan
kişilerin önündeki engelleri kaldıran bir dil değişkesidir. İletişimde engellerle
karşılaşan insanlar için iletişimi anlaşılır ve erişilebilir kılmayı
amaçlamaktadır. Bir dil içi çeviri, dolayısıyla diliçi engellerin kaldırılması
olarak düşünebileceğimiz Kolay Dil, bugün bazı ülkelerde ihtiyaç duyulan
alanlarda zorunlu bir dil kullanımı hâline gelmiştir. Dilsel iletişimi
sağlamak için gerekli dil yeterliliğine sahip olmayanlara erişilebilir bir
iletişim imkânı yaratmaktadır. Bilişsel dil yetersizliği yaşayanlar başta
olmak üzere pek çok kimse için gerekli bir dil değişkesidir. Anlaşılabilir dil
kavramının altında yer alan Kolay Dil, dilbilimsel değerlendirmelerin
arasında yer almaktadır. Kolay Dil, zengin ve kompleks bir dil yapısının
üstünde oluşturulmuş karmaşık olmayan bir görünümdür. Sözcük
türlerini, çekimlik dil birimlerini, yapımlık dil birimlerini, sesleri, ses
birimlerini, yüklem ve özne başta olmak üzere söz dizimin bütün birimlerini
içermesi; anlam, anlama ve anlamlandırma üzerine yoğunlaşması Kolay
Dili hem dilbilgisinin hem de dilbilimin bir konusu hâline getirmektedir. Bu
çalışmada Türkçe Dilbilim çalışmalarında yeni bir kavram olan Kolay Dil,
dilbilimsel ve dilbilgisel bakış açılarıyla ele alınmıştır. Kolay Dilin,
dilbilimin bir çalışma alanı olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Ülkemizde Kolay dil üzerine çalışmalar yeni yapılmaya başlamıştır. Türkçe
Kolay Dil çalışmaları kuramsal hazırlık aşamasında devam etmektedir. Bu
yeni dil değişkesinin kuramsal olarak tartışıldığı aşamada Kolay Dilin
dilbilimsel bakış açısıyla ele alınması ile dilbilimcilerin dikkatinin bu alana
çekilmesi amaçlanmaktadır
Takaful Insurance Industries in Supporting Sustainable Socio-Economic Development in Indonesia
Authors:   Sriwijaya University, Indonesia, Widyanata Fera , Pertiwi Rasyida ,   Sriwijaya University, Indonesia, Syathiri Ahmad ,   Sriwijaya University, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Over the past four years, the demand for Takaful (Islamic insurance) among Indonesians has risen. Health Takaful has emerged as the most popular, followed by educational Takaful. Health and education are parts of the Human Development Index (HDI) and are closely related to building a stronger foundation for Indonesia's economic development. This study aims to enhance the Islamic finance ecosystem's impact on achieving SDGs, focusing on health (SDG 3), education (SDG 4), and economic growth (SDG 8), which are crucial for Indonesia's development. It discovers a causal relationship between the takaful industry and improvements in the health sector and predicts a synergistic impact on the education sector. The takaful industry indirectly contributes to sustainable health and education quality to support socio-economic development and growth.
Public Disclosure and its Impact on CEO Compensation: Evidence of Media Influence
Authors:   Tobin College of Business, St. John's University, New York City, USA, Zhao Xin
Published: December 2024

I investigate the impact of being identified on AFL-CIO executive paywatch on future CEO compensation. I find that publication of CEO compensation has negative impact on the change of CEO compensation. Moreover, I find that the ex-ante excessive CEO compensation reduces the change of CEO compensation. This paper contributes to the literature in the part of documenting that firms respond to negative press coverage on CEO compensation even after controlling for the mean reversion of high CEO compensation.
Intraocular lens stitching to iris with full preservation of its functions: microreconstructive techniques
Authors: Takhchidi KhP
Published: December 2024

Today, implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) into the capsular bag is the standard approach to surgical treatment of cataracts and aphakia of various origins. However, there are several reasons and conditions that disallow this operation or increase the risk of instability of the implanted lens, such reasons and conditions including weakness of the lens ligaments; degradation of Zinn's zonule, including dislocation of the IOL‒capsular bag complex post-surgery; damage to or removal of capsular bag during surgery; lack of capsular bag or its destruction during implantation in aphakia cases. To date, problems associated with fixation and centralization of IOL in non-standard cases involving weak or inexistent capsular support remain unresolved. This study aimed to develop techniques allowing to stitch IOL to the iris without compromising its functions in various situations when it is unfeasible or impossible to fix and center lens in the capsular bag. The patients (n = 12; 12 eyes), depending on the clinical situation, were divided into groups: group 1 — dislocations of the IOL–capsular bag complex (6 eyes); group 2 — complete lack of capsular support (3 eyes); group 3 — weakness of capsular support (3 eyes). A special stitching technique was developed for each of these situations. The results of the treatment were good from clinical and functional perspectives: the IOL was fixed securely and centered properly, and the iris's performance and cosmetic aspects were not compromised.
Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with mutations in gyrA differ in their level of competitive fitness
Authors: Andreevskaya SN , Smirnova TG , Chernousova LN , Larionova EE , Sevastyanova EV , Ustinova VV , Kiseleva EA , Ergeshov A
Published: December 2024

As M. tuberculosis strains develop resistance to fluoroquinolones, pools of M. tuberculosis sensitive to drugs of this group and pools of M. tuberculosis with different resistance determinants can simultaneously coexist in the host organism. The goal of this research was to run an in vitro investigation of growth characteristics of M. tuberculosis strains which have different genetic determinants of resistance to fluoroquinolones, in the setting of competition for nutrients. The research used five clinical strains of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis differing in gyrA structure. Strains were cultured in pairs and individually under optimal conditions (Middlebrook 7H9 medium) and under conditions of multistress (50% Middlebrook 7H9 medium, 2 mM KNO2, 0.02% H2O2). The experiment took 21 days. The number of cells of each co-cultured strain was estimated from calibration curves. These curves showed the dependence of the threshold cycle of the polymerase chain reaction — respective to the channel targeted by the mutation — on the concentration of M. tuberculosis cells. The competitive fitness value and specific growth rate were calculated from the number of cells of each strain when co-cultured. M. tuberculosis strains with mutations in gyrA were found to be inferior in growth rate to the wild-type gyrA strain, which was particularly pronounced under multistress conditions. The strain with the most common gyrA_D94G mutation had the lowest growth rate of all strains examined. It has been hypothesised that the slow growth of M. tuberculosis with this mutation may lead to tolerance to anti-tuberculosis drugs, and as a result, the strain gains an advantage under chemotherapy conditions compared to other gyrA mutant variants.