bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cine performativo
Authors: Martínez Morales María
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo aborda una aproximación al cine performativo como posible escritura expandida a partir del estudio de la obra: Desbordamientos de Esperanza Collado y Umbramófono de Enrique del Castillo. El cine performativo hace referencia a una práctica de cine experimental que escapa a toda definición que lo estabilice para jugar en la indeterminación como forma, así, el presente estudio trata de indagar través de las obras Desbordamientos y Umbramófono formas a partir de las cuales dialogar sobre la práctica expandida que experimentan ambos artistas. Con ello, como resultado del estudio, se propone abrir líneas de investigación sobre el cine performativo como posible escritura expandida desde el desplazamiento de la escritura desvinculada del lenguaje verbal hacia otros formatos creativos.
Fogyasztói magatartás a likvid modernitásban – Szakirodalmi áttekintés a likvid fogyasztásról = Consumer behaviour in liquid modernity – A literature review of liquid consumption
Authors: Kisfürjesi Nóra , Hofmeister-Tóth Ágnes
Published: September 2022

A legújabb kor technológiai vívmányai és a digitalizálódás az élet számtalan területén eredményez újszerű jelenségeket, nem kivétel ez alól a fogyasztói magatartás sem. A materialista, birtoklásra alapuló fogyasztás mellett egyre nagyobb teret nyer az időszakos hozzáféréssel elérhető javak és szolgáltatások fogyasztása. Ilyen többek között a jármű- és ingatlanmegosztás, illetve az előfizetéses digitális tartalom fogyasztása. A fogyasztók nem csak a birtoklás terhe alól mentesítik magukat, de az úgynevezett likvid fogyasztói magatartásukkal könnyebben elégítik ki gyorsan változó igényeiket és preferenciáikat is. A jelenség az elmúlt bő egy évtizedben került a kutatások fókuszába, a témával foglalkozó nemzetközi tanulmányok közel egyharmadát 2020-ban publikálták. E tanulmány célja a likvid fogyasztás eddigi kutatási eredményeinek összegzése, és annak a hazai tudományos szakirodalomba való bevezetése. A szakirodalmi áttekintés alapján számos jövőbeli kutatási irány vázolható. A legfontosabb a megosztásalapú (sharing) fogyasztáson túlmutató hozzáférés-alapú
fogyasztás, illetve a likvid fogyasztás komplex vizsgálata a fogyasztói magatartás szempontjából.
A concordância verbal na "Gramática de Usos do Português"
Authors: Andrade Elias Alves de
Published: September 2022

Resenha do livro de Maria Helena Moura Neves, Editora UNESP, 2000.
The Forgotten Coast: A Synthesis of Current Knowledge of Southern Chukchi Sea Lagoon Ecosystems
Authors: Fraley Kevin M. , Jones Tahzay , Robards Martin D. , Smith Beatrice , Tibbles Marguerite , Whiting Alex
Published: September 2022

In the Southern Chukchi Sea Region (SCSR) of the Alaskan Arctic, approximately 40% of the coastline consists of freshwater-brackish lagoons and the gravel spits that separate them from the ocean. These lagoons are important rearing, feeding, and spawning habitats for diverse fish and invertebrate assemblages composed of freshwater, diadromous, and marine taxa. Many of these species are prey for a suite of marine mammals and avian predators in addition to being important to the food security of subsistence users from the surrounding region. Despite recognition of the ecological and cultural importance of these habitats from as far back as the 1950s, the body of knowledge surrounding lagoons of the SCSR contains many knowledge gaps and fails to comprehensively capture the dynamic nature of both biotic and abiotic factors that define the functional ecology of these habitats. This report synthesizes the available knowledge of SCSR lagoons, including geomorphology, hydrology, food web structure, and local knowledge. We also recommend avenues of future study, such as characterizing the basal trophic levels of lagoon food webs. Only by constructing a more detailed and comprehensive knowledge base of SCSR lagoon ecology will management and conservation efforts in the region be able to address and mitigate potential threats resulting from expanding infrastructure and global climate change, while simultaneously supporting the diverse portfolio of lagoon habitats that have a vital role in regional subsistence practices and food security.
Electromobility in Forest Transport. Is It Feasible? Perceptions Regarding Implementation in the Chilean Industry
Authors: Larenas-Barra Sebastián , Méndez-Dedes Luis , Valdés-González Héctor , Reyes-Bozo Lorenzo , Sandoval-Yáñez Claudia
Published: September 2022

This paper examines the different impressions and perspectives related to the implementation of electromobility in log transportation via trucks with a load capacity of up to 45 tons in the forestry sector of the eighth and sixteenth regions of Chile. The objective of this work is to establish the critical variables identified and perceived by key stakeholders of the forestry industry the correct implementation of high tonnage electric trucks. To this effect, a qualitative methodological study with a non-experimental design is proposed, which is based on semi-structured interviews conducted with stakeholders of the forestry sector of the study area. A convenience sample is employed, which was applied to four businessmen in the sector, three executives from the main forestry companies, and two truck distributor representatives. The data show that there is currently little knowledge due to the lack of specific projects and platforms for disseminating information that consider this technology in the field, but, on the contrary, they show a willingness to implement pilot plans aiming for the perceived economic sustainability of electromobility. A concentration of critical aspects is evidenced, which must be addressed in order to implement electromobility in forest transport, and which, given handling by public-private work, would enable the sector and the country to obtain the economic and environmental benefits of this technology.
Proceso para fomentar y apoyar la adopción de DevOps en PyMEs de software
Authors: Orozco Carlos , Pardo César , Zuñiga Karen , Certuche Samuel-Camilo
Published: September 2022

En este artículo se presenta un proceso para fomentar y apoyar la adopción de DevOps en pequeñas y medianas empresas de software. El proceso fue diseñado a través de la identificación de elementos sugeridos en la literatura por medio de un mapeo sistemático. Los elementos identificados fueron armonizados, comparados e integrados, dando como resultado un proceso claro, homogéneo y sin conflictos terminológicos compuesto por tres subprocesos, roles, actividades, artefactos, herramientas y flujos de proceso en BPMN como apoyo a la gestión de configuración, integración, despliegue y monitoreo continuo desde un enfoque fundamental y complementario de prácticas sugeridas. El proceso propuesto fue evaluado a través de un grupo focal conformado por expertos en DevOps, quienes consideraron que es pertinente, claro, completo y aplicable en pequeñas y medianas empresas de software. El proceso describe un total de 82 actividades, 16 artefactos, 9 roles y recomienda 13 herramientas tecnológicas para apoyar la automatización de cada una de las actividades relacionadas con cada subproceso, que permitirá guiar a los profesionales y las empresas para disminuir la subjetividad en la comprensión y adopción de DevOps.
Los retos políticos y sociopedagógicos de la Buena Educación en Castilla y León, España
Authors: Vega Gil Leoncio , Hernández Beltrán Juan Carlos , Lambea Ortega Marta , García Redondo Eva , González López Victor , Vargas Hernández Yadirnacy , Revesado Carballares David
Published: September 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación versa sobre las relaciones “paradójicas” entre territorio y educación en España, tomando como referente el espacio castellanoleonés que ofrece, en base a informes nacionales e internacionales, unas cotas educativas plenamente comparables internacionalmente. Esta “buena educación” presenta un importante margen de mejora. El equipo de investigación ha realizado 59 entrevistas abiertas (a una muestra de 8 centros). Se han entrevistado dos tipos de actores: sociales y educativos. El estudio se estructura en dos partes. Una “política” en la que los retos se han diagnosticado a partir del enfoque metodológico SLR (Sistematic Literature Review) y, una segunda, “pedagógica”, en la que el tratamiento de las fuentes orales se ha realizado a partir del CCS (Comparative Case Study) (Bartlett y Vavrus). Los resultados nos indican que en el imaginario de los actores aparecen desafíos que requieren respuesta (política y social). Se refieren a las condiciones laborales y formativas de los docentes, a los recursos y medios, a las relaciones entre actores y a los ajustes curriculares. También exigen reforzar las relaciones con el entorno (socioeconómico e institucional), la estabilidad de las políticas educativas, la confianza y responsabilidad de y en la educación, un refuerzo de la autonomía escolar y pedagógica y la mejora de la formación de los equipos directivos.
Scaling up community college baccalaureates in Washington State: Labor market outcomes and equity implications for higher education
Authors: Meza Elizabeth Apple , Bragg Debra D.
Published: September 2022

Community and technical colleges in Washington state were early adopters in the growing trend to offer bachelor’s degrees, actively expanding these degrees over the last 15 years. This study describes the evolving state policy landscape on community college baccalaureate (CCB) degrees in Washington in certain programs previously classified as terminal career-technical education and assesses labor market outcomes for graduates of three high-demand program areas conferring these degrees. Comparing bachelor’s graduates of community colleges to regional university graduates, CCB graduates demonstrated slightly higher employment and earnings in the first quarter post-graduation. However, university graduates caught up to approximately the same or slightly higher earnings as CCB graduates by three years post-graduation. Differences in age and prior work experience of graduates in the two groups may help explain these findings but variation in employment and earnings by gender and race were persistent for both groups, with pronounced disparities for female and some racially minoritized graduates. These findings can inform state policy on baccalaureate attainment, CCB degrees as well as university bachelor’s degrees, to help address inequities in higher education. Future studies evaluating the effects of college degrees on employment and earnings may also be enriched by these results.
Hak Anak Angkat terhadap Harta Peninggalan Orang Tua Angkatnya pada Masyarakat Hukum Adat Osing
Authors: Prasetyo Agung Basuki
Published: September 2022

Sebagian besar masyarakat menganggap keturunan atau anak merupakan unsur yang sangat esensial bagi suatu keluarga. Begitu pentingnya keturunan dalam keluarga, maka jika dalam keluarga tidak mempunyai anak dapat berpotensi terjadinya poligami atau perceraian. Oleh karena itu, pengangkatan anak merupakan alternatif yang dapat dilakukan, agar tujuan perkawinan untuk membentuk keluarga yang bahagia dan kekal terwujud. Pelaksanaan pengangkatan anak berdasarkan adat kebiasaan atau hukum adat masih dilakukan dalam tatanan kehidupan masyarakat adat, karena adat kebiasaan merupakan ekspresi dari keyakinan yang begitu lama tertanam, secara turun temurun, sehingga menimbulkan ketaatan terhadap hukum adat pada setiap warganya. Berkaitan dengan hak anak angkat terhadap peninggalan orang tua angkatnya pada masyarakat hukum adat Osing di Kabupaten Banyuwangi mempunyai aturan sendiri yang berbeda dengan daerah lainnya. Mereka taat menjalankan agama Islam, namun juga masih menggunakan Hukum Adatnya, sebagai hukum yang hidup. Sedangkan hak anak angkat terhadap harta peninggalan  orang tua angkatnya, anak angkat berhak atas harta gono-gini dari orang tua angkatnya. Hal tersebut sebagai konsekuensi atas masuknya anak angkat ke dalam hubungan kekerabatan dengan orang tua angkatnya. Jika orang tua angkat tidak mempunyai anak kandung, maka anak angkat tersebut berhak mendapatkan seluruh bagian dari harta gono-gini, sepanjang tidak ada tuntutan dari kerabat orang tua angkatnya. Proses pewarisan melalui musyawarah keluarga.
Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air di Indonesia: Tata Pengurusan Air dalam Bingkai Otonomi Daerah
Authors: Wulandari Andi Sri Rezky , Ilyas Anshori
Published: September 2022

Daerah otonom diberikan kewenangan mengatur dan mengurus kepentingannya menurut prakarsa sendiri berdasarkan aspirasi masyarakat sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yaitu melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah dan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2004 tentang Perimbangan Keuangan Antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah, setiap kewenangan yang diberikan melalui penyelenggaraan otonomi daerah ini menjadi luas, nyata dan bertanggungjawab kepada daerah kabupaten maupun kota secara proporsional. Ini diwujudkan salah satunya melalui pengaturan, pemanfaatan sumberdaya air yang berkeadilan serta adanya perimbangan keuangan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah. Pelaksanaan otonomi daerah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kewenangan daerah dalam tata pengurusan serta pengelolaan sumberdaya air yang baik dalam mendukung pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dengan penelusuran kepustakaan yang ditunjang oleh data lapangan sebagai pelengkap. Hasil penelitian adalah kewenangan daerah otonom dalam  pengelolaan sumberdaya air yaitu pada tataran lokal, wewenang tersebut meliputi menetapkan pola dan rencana pengelolaan sumberdaya air pada wilayah sungai lintas provinsi. Sedangkan dalam menjaga hubungan dengan negara lain, tetap dikelola mengenai keberadaan wilayah sungai lintas negara dan wilayah sungai strategis nasional. Pemerintah berwenang dalam menjaga kawasan lindung, adapun wewenang pemerintah meliputi penetapan dan pengelolaan kawasan lindung sumberdaya air pada wilayah sungai lintas provinsi, wilayah sungai lintas negara dan wilayah sungai strategis nasional, mengatur dan menetapkan serta memberi izin. Pengelolaan sumberdaya air yang baik dalam mendukung pembangunan yang berkelanjutan adalah berada dalam tanggungjawab pemerintah berdasarkan Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 yang mana Negara memiliki hak menguasai sumberdaya air, di dalam penguasaannya itu dipergunakan untuk kemakmuran rakyat. Di dalam penguasaannya, negara menjamin bahwa pemanfaatan sumberdaya alam oleh generasi mendatang tetap mempunyai sumber dan penunjang bagi kesejahteraan dan mutu hidupnya. Atas penguasaan sumberdaya air tersebut, negara menjamin hak setiap orang untuk mendapatkan air bagi pemenuhan kebutuhan pokok sehari-hari dan melakukan pengaturan hak atas air. Hak penguasaan negara terhadap sumberdaya air harus ditafsirkan sebagai penguasaan untuk mengatur dan mengurus. Sebagaimana memiliki kewenangan sebagai pengatur, perencana, pelaksana, dan sekaligus sebagai pengawas pengelolaan, penggunaan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya air.
Effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on mitigating salt-induced Na+ toxicity and sustaining sea rice growth
Authors: Jin Li , Xiao-lin Fan , Yin-ling Zhu , Gang-shun Rao , Ri-sheng Chen , Ting-ting Duan
Published: September 2022

This study investigated the effects of irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization on mitigating salt-induced Na+ toxicity and sustaining sea rice growth for perfecting irrigation and fertilization of sea rice. Three irrigation methods (submerged irrigation, intermittent irrigation, and controlled irrigation), three kinds of N fertilizers (urea, controlled release urea, and mixed N fertilizer), and control treatment without NaCl were set up in a pot experiment of sea rice with NaCl stress. The electrical conductivity in root layer soil of treatment with mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation decreased slowly with the growth of rice and was significantly smaller than that of other treatments with NaCl. The Na+ content in sea rice of intermittent irrigation was the least, and that of submerged irrigation was significantly smaller than that of controlled irrigation, but the K+ and Ca2+ contents of three irrigation treatments were opposite to the Na+ content. The Na+ content of treatment with mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation was the lowest, while the K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contents of mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation were the highest in treatments with NaCl. The cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde contents of rice leaves of mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation were significantly smaller than those of other treatments with NaCl. The rice yield of mixed N fertilizer was significantly greater than that of urea and controlled release urea, and that of mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation was increased by 104, 108, 277, 300, and 334% compared with mixed N fertilizer and submerged irrigation, urea and intermittent irrigation, urea and submerged irrigation, controlled release urea and intermittent irrigation, and controlled release urea and submerged irrigation, respectively. Therefore, the treatment of mixed N fertilizer and intermittent irrigation is worth recommending for being used for planting sea rice on coastal saline-sodic soil.
Total serum vitamin B12 (cobalamin) LC-MS/MS assay as an arbiter of clinically discordant immunoassay results
Authors: Zhang Ruiping , Ma Xiaoli , Zou Yutong , Qiu Ling , Wang Danchen , Tang Yueming , Cao Yongtong , Yu Songlin , Cheng Xinqi
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Measurement of the serum levels of vitamin B12 (VB12) is key for evaluating VB12 deficiency-dependent anemia. Immunoassay, the major method for determining VB12, tends to give false-normal results because of the presence of anti-intrinsic factor (IF-Ab) or other factors such as heterophilic antibodies et al. This study aimed to develop a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method that is helpful for distinguish false normal VB12 results measured by the immunoassay.

Methods

Different forms of VB12 were derivatized into CN-B12, which was collected through solid-phase extraction and analyzed via LC-MS/MS. 236 serum samples were measured both by LC-MS/MS and immunoassay, results were compared, and the IF-Ab effect was evaluated.

Results

The LC-MS/MS assay afforded a linear slope from 20 to 4,000 pmol/L for CN-B12. OH-VB12, methyl-VB12, and CoA-VB12 showed recovery within 89.3–109.5%. The intra-assay CV of VB12 was 2.6–4.1%, whereas the total CV was 9.3–9.8%. Passing–Bablok regression between LC-MS/MS and immunoassay results showed that the slope was 1.085 and the intercept was −15.691. The Bland–Altman plot showed that the mean difference and difference% were −34.6 pmol/L and 0.3%, respectively. Inter-rater agreement analysis showed that the linear weighted kappa value was 0.885, implying good agreement between the two methods. However, two samples were falsely elevated and one sample was falsely normal in the immunoassay compared with LC-MS/MS. The LC-MS/MS method helped in the distinction of false-normal VB12 results shown by the immunoassay.

Conclusions

The VB12 LC-MS/MS method can be used as an arbiter of clinically discordant immunoassay results.
Effectiveness of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation as adjunctive therapy to improve the cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kumar Goothy Sai Sailesh , Gawarikar Sudhir , Choudhary Anita , Gajanan Govind Potey , Purohit Manju , Pathak Ashish , Chouhan Rohit Singh , Vijay Khanderao Mahadik
Published: September 2022

Objectives

The present study was undertaken to observe the effectiveness of electrical vestibular stimulation in improving cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods

Randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04450550). 30 cases of PD, including both males and females were recruited in the study by convenient sampling after obtaining written informed consent. After recruiting, the participants were randomly assigned into two groups. The control group (n=15) received placebo stimulation whereas the intervention group (n=15) received electrical vestibular stimulation administered for 12 weeks. Auditory, visual reaction time and spatial and verbal memory were recorded before and after 6 weeks and after 12 weeks of intervention and compared.

Results

There was a significant improvement in both auditory and visual reaction time of right and left-hand responses. Also, significant improvement was observed in both the spatial and verbal memory of the patients.

Conclusions

There was a significant improvement in the auditory and visual reaction time and spatial and verbal memory in the participants after the electrical vestibular nerve stimulation administration. No side effects were reported by the study participants and they have expressed willingness to continue the intervention after the study period also. The study recommends further detailed studies with a higher sample size to adopt electrical vestibular nerve stimulation as adjunctive therapy in the management of Parkinson’s disease.
Multiplexity in Conceptualizing Network Effectiveness in Emergency Management
Authors: Hu Qian , Sadiq Abdul-Akeem , Kapucu Naim
Published: September 2022

It is essential to apply a collaborative network approach to address complex issues in public management and administration; however, evaluating network effectiveness is a challenge. This study addresses the common and unique elements of network effectiveness in the context of emergency management and proposes the addition of multiplexity to the conceptualization and measurement of disaster response network effectiveness. This study also stresses the importance of identifying the characteristics of and interactions among different types of interorganizational relationships when evaluating the effectiveness of disaster response networks. It further provides effectiveness measures and indicators for assessing the structural properties of multiple types of network relationships. This study highlights the role of preparedness interactions and informal relations as potential solutions to bridging the gap between planning, policy design and implementation, thus improving interorganizational collaboration during disaster response.
Impact of Thermal Nonequilibrium on Flow Through a Rotating Disk with Power Law Index in Porous Media Occupied by Ostwald-de-Waele Nanofluid
Authors: Ragupathi E. , Prakash D. , Muthtamilselvan M. , Al-Mdallal Qasem M.
Published: September 2022

The current study is made to analyze the impact of local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) on the steady, incompressible, and viscous Ostwald-de-Waele nano-liquid over a rotating disk in a porous medium with the various power law index, due to many remarkable applications, such as aeronautical systems, rotating machineries, air cleaning machineries, electrical power-generating systems, heat exchangers, gas turbines, centrifugal pumps. To describe the modeling of the nano-liquid, Brownian movement and thermophoresis are employed with the passive control boundaries. Three temperature model is adopted to distinguish the temperature among the fluid, particle, and solid. The governing transport equations have been converted to a system of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations by employing von Karman transformation. Numerical results of the flow and heat and transfer characteristics of the fluid, particle, and solid are obtained by applying Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method (RKF) together with the shooting technique. The numerical results in the present work are compared with the published results for the case of thermal equilibrium and found that they are in good agreement. It is observed that the temperature profile significantly varies with the fluid-particle, fluid-solid interphase heat transfer coefficients and the modified thermal capacity ratios.
Wolfram syndrome in a young woman with associated hypergonadotropic hypogonadism – A case report
Authors: Jodoin Andréanne , Marchand Maud , Beltrand Jacques
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease. Clinical diagnosis is made when nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes is found to be associated with bilateral optic atrophy in a patient early in life. Frequent associations include diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy and deafness. Many other multisystemic associations have been described including menstrual irregularities in female and hypogonadism in male patients.

Case presentation

We present a first case of WFS associated with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in a female adolescent diagnosed with WFS both clinically and genetically. Other causes of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) have been excluded.

Conclusions

This case report shows the importance of gonadal function assessment and follow-up in time for both genders.
Hypothalamic GABAergic neurocircuitry in the regulation of energy homeostasis and sleep/wake control
Authors: Jiang Hong
Published: September 2022

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) neuron, as one of important cell types in synaptic transmission, has been widely involved in central nervous system (CNS) regulation of organismal physiologies including cognition, emotion, arousal and reward. However, upon their distribution in various brain regions, effects of GABAergic neurons in the brain are very diverse. In current report, we will present an overview of the role of GABAergic mediated inhibitory neurocircuitry in the hypothalamus, underlying mechanism of feeding and sleep homeostasis as well as the characteristics of latest transcriptome profile in order to call attention to the GABAergic system as potentially a promising pharmaceutical intervention or a deep brain stimulation target in eating and sleep disorders.
The New Global Direction: From “One Globalization” to “Two Globalizations”? Russia’s War in Ukraine in Global Perspective
Authors: Benedikter Roland
Published: September 2022

Roland Benedikter surveys the views of globalization experts, politicians, opinion leaders, intellectuals, and international media regarding Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. On this basis, he draws conclusions about the impact on – and prospect for – the overall course and further direction of globalization. Given the general turn toward re-globalization that the globe has witnessed already since the mid of the 2010s, the question is if the liberal global order is transiting from the “one globalization” concept – as generated by the open societies of the West and Europe after 1989/91 – to a “two globalizations” system inspired by the joint rise of non-democratic and authoritarian powers such as Russia and China since the 2010s. Their now programmatic aspiration to create a “second world order” or a “parallel globalization” is using Russia’s Ukraine war as leverage to unify anti-Western powers in order to start to compete with the West’s idea of the future on the macro-, meso- and micro-levels. The competition between two different concepts of “globalization” will unfold according to the different understandings of what a productively globalized society – including reforms to be implemented through the re-globalization process – is and should be. The opposition between the authoritarian’s and democrat’s concepts of “participatory” societies is instrumental to shape and drive the contest between the “two globalizations.”
Study on mechanical maintenance method of ballasted track of high-speed railway based on nonlinear discrete element theory
Authors: Chen Lina
Published: September 2022

To study the electrical performance of high-speed railway ballasted work and the long running and rotating characteristics of the bed, different design methods are adopted. The longitudinal and transverse resistance of the bed increases with the increase in the ballast grading width. When ballast particle gradation is the lowest interpolation between envelope line and envelope line boundary, the longitudinal and transverse resistance of the bed work according to special requirements. With the increase in the shoulder width, the transverse resistance of running bed increases, while the longitudinal resistance remains constant. When the shoulder width is more than 400 mm, the longitudinal and transverse resistance of the bed works according to the required specifications. Maintenance costs for the various ballasts running on high-speed trains are not cheap. The test results show that the workability can be reduced, and improved by using complete asphalt or stone instead of tussah. Daily cleaning work only accounts for about 10% of the tussah, especially emergency work and special riders should not spend time working. The rubber cushion in sleeper and asphalt concrete cushion in ballast have their advantages and disadvantages in improving the strength of bed. In fact, it should be stipulated in the case file.
Characterization, biocompatibility and in vivo of nominal MnO2-containing wollastonite glass-ceramic
Authors: Eldera Samah S. , Alsenany Nourah , Aldawsari Sarah , El-Bassyouni Gehan T. , Hamzawy Esmat M. A.
Published: September 2022

The present work pointed out the effect of adding different concentrations of MnO2 (0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 wt%) on the structure and crystallization performance of wollastonite glass. Nominal MnO2-containing wollastonite glass was prepared with the addition of 10% Na2O to decrease the melting temperature through melt quenching technique. The thermal history of glasses indicated that the crystallization temperature was between 864 and 895°C. The heat treating of glasses at ∼900 and 1,100°C gave combeite (Na4Ca4Si6O18), rankinite (Ca3Si2O7), pseudowollastonite (Ca3Si3O9), bustamite (CaMnSi2O6) and cristobalite. The later sample densities increased with the incorporation of MnO2 from 1.88 to 2.24 g/cm3 concomitant with decrease of porosities from 32.59 to 20.83%. The microstructure showed nano-size crystals in rounded, angular or irregular micro-size clusters, whereas after soaking in simulated body fluid for 1 month showed submicron crystals of carbonated calcium phosphate phase. Both fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray delineated the samples’ biocompatibility. Also, the negative zeta potential results enabled bone cell activity. Moreover, the bone healing with complete mineralization was remarked in case of the in vivo implantation of the G0.50 group. These results can be of a great significance in the application of MnO2-containing combeite, rankinite phases for bone treatment and biomedical applications.
Formulaic language in L1 and advanced L2 English speech: multiword structures in the speech of two Swedish groups compared to a group of L1 English speakers
Authors: Erman Britt , Lewis Margareta
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to compare the use of formulaic language, here called multiword structures, in advanced L2 English speech of two Swedish groups with a group of first language (L1) speakers of English. One Swedish group was resident in London and one in Stockholm, thus implying different degrees of exposure to English. Three categories, notably multiword phrases, multiword utterances and metalinguistic multiword structures, were investigated by comparing quantity and distribution. The groups completed two oral tasks, a role play and a retelling task. The results of the Swedish group resident in London were similar to the L1 English group on all measurements of multiword structures in the role play. In the retelling task multiword phrases were significantly fewer in both second language (L2) groups compared to the L1 English group, although there were L2 individuals within the L1 speaker range. Another question concerned the extent to which the three groups used multiword structures which were equivalents, i.e. transferable between English and Swedish. In the retelling task both Swedish groups produced significantly more equivalents than the L1 speakers. The implications of these findings are discussed.
State-owned success in the air
Authors: Huber Marie
Published: September 2022

African Airlines are not commonly associated with success, rather they recall instances of bad management, security concerns, and outdated machinery. This paper focuses on the success of two airlines during the first two postcolonial decades in Africa. During this time, the new national airlines of African states were important symbols of sovereignty, as well as providing crucial mobility for politicians and experts of all kinds. Addressing a gap in the literature on aviation in Africa on the one hand, and the research on state-owned enterprises on the other, the paper takes a closer look at expectation formation and management decisions regarding fleet modernisation and maintenance, as well as Africanisation politics in both enterprises. Contrary to blanket statements that refer to ideological goals as a reason for the failure of African state-owned enterprise, the political goal of independence made Africanisation of staff and the acquisition of company-owned equipment and facilities a priority. Using archival sources, company publications, and observations of contemporaries, it can be shown that through taking advantage of entangled interests of governments and the aviation industry, the two African airlines managed to break into the global air transport market at the beginning of the 1960s and stayed competitive for many years.
Scotland's first farmers: new insights into early farming practices in North-west Europe
Authors: Bishop Rosie R. , Gröcke Darren R. , Ralston Ian , Clarke David , Lee Daniel H.J. , Shepherd Alexandra , Thomas Antonia S. , Rowley-Conwy Peter A. , Church Mike J.
Published: September 2022

Thirty years after the discovery of an Early Neolithic timber hall at Balbridie in Scotland was reported inAntiquity, new analysis of the site's archaeobotanical assemblage, featuring 20 000 cereal grains preserved when the building burnt down in the early fourth millennium BC, provides new insights into early farming practices. The results of stable isotope analyses of cereals from Balbridie, alongside archaeobotanical and stable isotope results from three other sites, indicate that while cereals were successfully cultivated in well-established plots without manuring at Balbridie, a variety of manuring strategies was implemented at the other sites. These differences reinforce the picture of variability in cultivation practices across Neolithic North-west Europe.
Histopathological spectrum of duodenal polyps in a retrospective ten-year study
Authors:   Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Rai Varnika , Saha Anurag ,   Department of Pathology, Topiwala National Medical College and Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Verma Ritu ,   Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, Jain Vipul ,   Department of Pathology, Topiwala National Medical College and Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Baro Bhanita ,   Department of Pathology, Topiwala National Medical College and Nair Ch. Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2022

Introduction and Aims: Duodenal polyps are rare in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The present study is an experience of the histopathological spectrum of the duodenal polyps and its correlation with the clinical and endoscopic findings in a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: The present study is a 10-year retrospective study from the year 2011 to 2020. All the relevant clinical, endoscopic and radiologic findings were retrieved from the hospital medical records. Old histopathology slides were restained, and wherever required, special stains and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed. All the cases were reviewed. The present study mainly included descriptive statistics with categorical and continuous variables. Results: Total 81 cases of duodenal polyps were studied in the period of 10 years. The median age was 48 years. Male: female ratio was 2.2:1. The most common presenting system was abdominal pain. We experienced both solitary and multiple polyps. Majority of the duodenal polyps were non-neoplastic, with unremarkable mucosa or inflammatory type. Unlike previous studies the most common site for the hyperplastic polyp in the present study was the first part of the duodenum. Among the neoplastic polyps, adenomatous polyp was the most common type. Contrary to the previous studies, our study showed the first part of the duodenum as the most common site for the sporadic nonampullary adenomatous duodenal polyps. Of the rare entities, we encountered a single case each of lipomatous polyp and gangliocytic paraganglioma. Among the syndromes we encountered two cases of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and one case of familial adenomatous polyp in our study population. Conclusion: Duodenal polyps are rare finding on endoscopic examinations, though most of them are non-neoplastic in nature, vigilant examination under the microcope is required to rule out any neoplastic pathology and identify the risk of malignancy.
Understanding Brain-Skeletal Muscle Crosstalk Impacting Metabolism and Movement
Authors:   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA, Jena Bhanu P. ,   NanoBioScience Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA,   Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA,   Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA, Larsson Lars ,   Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA,   Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden, Gatti Domenico L. ,   Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA, Ghiran Ionita ,   Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA,   Division of Allergy and Inflammation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, Cho Won Jin ,   Viron Molecular Medicine Institute, Boston, MA, USA
Published: September 2022

Metabolism and movement, among the critical determinants in the survival and success of an organism, are tightly regulated by the brain and skeletal muscle. At the cellular level, mitochondria -that powers life, and myosin - the molecular motor of the cell, have both evolved to serve this purpose. Although independently, the skeletal muscle and brain have been intensively investigated for over a century, their coordinated involvement in metabolism and movement remains poorly understood. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of the coordinated involvement of the brain and skeletal muscle in metabolism and movement holds great promise in providing a window to a wide range of life processes and in the development of tools and approaches in disease detection and therapy. Recent developments in new tools, technologies and approaches, and advances in computing power and machine learning, provides for the first time the opportunity to establish a new field of study, the ‘Science and Engineering of Metabolism and Movement’. This new field of study could provide substantial new insights and breakthrough into how metabolism and movement is governed at the systems level in an organism. The design and approach to accomplish this objective is briefly discussed in this article.
Application of 3D Printing Technology to Produce Hippocampal Customized Guide Cannulas
Authors: Tropea Maria Rosaria , Torrisi Alberto , Vacanti Valeria , Pizzone Danilo , Puzzo Daniela , Gulisano Walter
Published: September 2022

Implantation of guide cannulas is a widely used technique to access specific brain areas. Although commercially available, the need to personalize these implants and the high cost prompted us to design open-source customized devices taking advantage of 3D printing technology. Our cannulas consisted in a 3D-printed head mount designed according to the Paxinos coordinates to reach the CA1 area of the hippocampus. To cut guide cannulas to the proper length, we designed and realized an original 3D-printed linear motion apparatus. Polylactic acid thermoplastic polymer was used as printing material. Homemade or commercial cannulas were implanted in 4- to 6-month-old wild-type mice and intrahippocampal injections of amyloid-β peptide at different concentrations were performed.In vivobehavioral studies of novel object recognition indicated that results obtained with homemade versus commercial devices were comparable. Methylene blue injections and Nissl staining confirmed the correct localization of cannulas in the CA1 area of mouse hippocampus. Our method allows a fast manufacturing of hippocampal cannulas preserving the required precision at very low cost. Furthermore, this system can be easily modified to produce cannulas to target other brain areas. In conclusion, 3D printing might be used as a useful and versatile technology to realize open-source customized devices in neuroscience laboratories.
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Inhibitory Neurons in Mouse Motor Cortex
Authors: Okoro Sandra U. , Goz Roman U. , Njeri Brigdet W. , Harish Madhumita , Ruff Catherine F. , Ross Sarah E. , Gerfen Charles , Hooks Bryan M.
Published: September 2022

Intracortical inhibition in motor cortex (M1) regulates movement and motor learning. If cortical and thalamic inputs target different inhibitory cell types in different layers, then these afferents may play different roles in regulating M1 output. Using mice of both sexes, we quantified input to two main classes of M1 interneurons, parvalbumin+ (PV+) cells and somatostatin+ (SOM+) cells, using monosynaptic rabies tracing. We then compared anatomic and functional connectivity based on synaptic strength from sensory cortex and thalamus. Functionally, each input innervated M1 interneurons with a unique laminar profile. Different interneuron types were excited in a distinct, complementary manner, suggesting feedforward inhibition proceeds selectively via distinct circuits. Specifically, somatosensory cortex (S1) inputs primarily targeted PV+ neurons in upper layers (L2/3) but SOM+ neurons in middle layers (L5). Somatosensory thalamus [posterior nucleus (PO)] inputs targeted PV+ neurons in middle layers (L5). In contrast to sensory cortical areas, thalamic input to SOM+ neurons was equivalent to that of PV+ neurons. Thus, long-range excitatory inputs target inhibitory neurons in an area and a cell type-specific manner, which contrasts with input to neighboring pyramidal cells. In contrast to feedforward inhibition providing generic inhibitory tone in cortex, circuits are selectively organized to recruit inhibition matched to incoming excitatory circuits.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTM1 integrates sensory information and frontal cortical inputs to plan and control movements. Although inputs to excitatory cells are described, the synaptic circuits by which these inputs drive specific types of M1 interneurons are unknown. Anatomical results with rabies tracing and physiological quantification of synaptic strength shows that two main classes of inhibitory cells (PV+ and SOM+ interneurons) both receive substantial cortical and thalamic input, in contrast to interneurons in sensory areas (where thalamic input strongly prefers PV+ interneurons). Further, each input studied targets PV+ and SOM+ interneurons in a different fashion, suggesting that separate, specific circuits exist for recruitment of feedforward inhibition.
Reorienting Grass
Authors: Elahi Babak
Published: September 2022

The original score of Iranian, Turkish, Arab, and Kurdish music created for the 1992 Milestone Films re-release of Grass: A Nation’s Battle for Life, deserves more attention than scholars have given it. This essay aims to fill this gap in the critical literature by providing context for the Milestone soundtrack and analyzing its musical and cultural implications and its potential impact on viewers of the film. The essay sets the context for this study by speculating about the lost 1925 score by Hugo Riesenfeld, especially in relation to his reputation for scoring Westerns. It also builds on other scholars’ examination of Aryan race theory expressed in the film’s intertitles, placing this racist ideology within more recent critical theory. I go on to discuss how Amir Vahab, one of the composers, approached the score. I argue that the music is an example of locative cosmopolitanism. Within these contexts, the essay analyzes the score in detail by focusing on the regional elements of the music, its relationship to traditional dances depicted on screen, the choice of modes and instrumentation, and the use of sung Turkish and Persian poetry. The essay argues that the culturally and regionally relevant score challenges and even displaces the racializing ideology of the intertitles.
Change in the pituitary stalk deviation angle after transsphenoidal surgery can predict the development of diabetes insipidus for pituitary adenomas
Authors: Xue Liang , Wu Jianwu , Chen Jie , Yang Yongkai
Published: September 2022

Purpose

We aimed to assess the factors influencing the development of diabetes insipidus after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients with pituitary adenomas who underwent transsphenoidal surgery. The predictors of postoperative diabetes insipidus were determined using statistical analysis.

Results

Of the 415 patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas, 196 experienced postoperative diabetes insipidus. The sinking depth of the diaphragma sellae and the difference between the preoperative and postoperative pituitary stalk deviation angles in the diabetes insipidus group were greater than those in the non-diabetes insipidus group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of diabetes insipidus after transsphenoidal surgery was higher in patients with a larger difference in their pituitary stalk deviation angles (odds ratio = 2.407, 95% CI = 1.335–4.342; P = 0.004).

Conclusion

The difference in the pituitary stalk deviation angle could predict the onset of diabetes insipidus after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.
Про підготовку видання багатотомної «Великої української енциклопедії»
Authors: Локтєв Вадим Михайлович , Киридон Алла Миколаївна
Published: September 2022

У співдоповіді порушено важливі питання, пов’язані з підготовкою фундаментального загальнонаціонального видання — Великої української енциклопедії, особливо в умовах широкомасштабної агресії РФ проти України. Розглянуто найбільш вагомі здобутки у створенні портальної та друкованої версій ВУЕ. Обговорено поточні проблеми матеріального та науково-організаційного характеру.
Стан і перспективи геокосмічних досліджень України в Антарктиці
Authors: Залізовський Андрій Владиславович
Published: September 2022

У доповіді наведено стислий огляд результатів досліджень за актуальним сьогодні напрямом фізики і астрономії — вивченням навколоземного космічного простору. Наголошено, що подальший розвиток геокосмічних досліджень пов’язаний зі складністю обслуговування вимірювальних комплексів в Антарктиці, особливо під час війни, що потребує запровадження нових організаційних форм співробітництва Національної академії наук України з Державною установою «Національний антарктичний науковий центр» МОН України, а також поглиблення співпраці із закордонними партнерами.