bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I Hate That Food Lion”: Grocery Shopping, Racial Capitalism, and Everyday Disinvestment
Authors: Mayorga Sarah , Underhill Megan , Crosser Lauren
Published: April 2022

Using interview data from three mixed-income neighborhoods—one predominantly white and two multiracial neighborhoods—we find that an overwhelming majority of white, middle-class respondents did not shop in their local grocery store ( n = 68). To explain this phenomenon, we propose a concept of everyday disinvestment to capture the interplay between individual-level decision-making and structural-level disinvestment under racial capitalism. We identify three practices of everyday disinvestment—avoidance, distancing, and selective engagement—as well as the rationalizations residents present for their behaviors. We argue racial capitalist ideologies of antiblackness and consumption as freedom are foundational to residents’ justifications of disinvestment from grocery stores in mixed-income communities. Everyday disinvestment not only expands our understanding of disinvestment as a mechanism of racial capitalism, but it deepens our understanding of food apartheid as a relational process.
Mélange fabric image retrieval based on soft similarity learning
Authors: Xiang Jun , Pan Ruru , Gao Weidong
Published: April 2022

Fabric image retrieval, a special case in Content Based Image Retrieval, has high potential application value in many fields. Compared with common image retrieval, fabric image retrieval has high requirements for results. To address the actual needs of the industry for Mélange fabric retrieval, we propose a novel framework for efficient and accurate fabric retrieval. We first introduce a quantified similarity definition, soft similarity, to measure the fine-grained pairwise similarity and design a CNN for fabric image representation. An objective function, which consists of three losses: soft similarity loss for preserving the similarity, cross-entropy loss for image representation, and quantization loss for controlling the quality of hash code, is used to drive the learning of the model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can not only achieve effective feature learning and hashing learning, but also effectively work on smaller datasets. Comparative experiments illustrate that the proposed method outperforms the compared methods.
Non-attendance in cervical cancer screening among migrant women in Portugal: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Marques Patrícia , Geraldes Mariana , Gama Ana , Heleno Bruno , Dias Sónia
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

Cervical cancer has a high mortality rate among women worldwide. Although cervical cancer screening (CCS) is an effective strategy in reducing mortality of the disease, inequalities in accessing screening exist, particularly among migrant women. This study aims to characterize migrant women’s participation in CCS and determine factors associated with non-attendance to CCS.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study based on a web-based survey targeting adult migrant women living in Portugal was conducted. Prevalence of non-attendance to CCS was examined, and its associations with socioeconomic, migration-related, and health-related factors were determined using adjusted logistic regression models.

Results:

A total of 1100 migrant women were included in the study. Prevalence of CCS non-attendance was 24.5%. CCS non-attendance was associated with younger age, being born in Africa or Asia, being single/divorced/widowed, never having had a GP appointment in Portugal and not having regular gynecology appointments. Being born in South and Central America, shorter length of stay in Portugal, having had HPV vaccination, and not having children are associated with CCS attendance.

Conclusion:

These findings point out that an important percentage of migrant women do not attend CCS. Strategies to increase participation should be developed, considering the inequalities identified and designed to target the specific needs of migrant women to improve their CCS attendance and increase cervical cancer prevention.
Role of discrimination and resilience on birth weight: A systematic examination in a sample of Black, Latina, and White women
Authors: Mickelson Kristin D , Doehrman Pooja , Chambers Claudia , Seely Hayley , Kaneris Marianna , Stancl Rachel , Stewart Chelsea , Sullivan Shea
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Health inequities begin before birth with Black women being more likely to have low birth weight babies than White and Latina women. Although both Latina and Black women experience discrimination, only Black women appear to be affected.

Methods:

In this study using medical records and face-to-face interviews, we systematically examined the role of discrimination (daily, environmental, vicarious) on continuous birth weight (controlling for gestational age and baby’s gender) in a sample of 329 Black, Latina, and White pregnant women, as well as whether familism, prayer, and/or discrimination attribution buffered this association.

Results:

Linear regression analyses revealed that only prayer acted as a resilience factor, with Latina women appearing to benefit from prayer in the link between vicarious and daily discrimination on birth weight conditional on gestational age, whereas Black women showed no moderation and White women showed an exacerbation in the link.

Discussion:

The results of this study suggest that sociocultural norms may play a role in explaining the Latina epidemiological paradox, but more research is needed to understand the significance.
A convenient route to mono-trans polyunsaturated free fatty acids
Authors: Vetica Fabrizio , Sansone Anna , Ferreri Carla , Chatgilialoglu Chryssostomos
Published: April 2022

Trans unsaturated fatty acids in humans may be originated both from dietary supplementation and from an endogenous free-radical-catalyzed cis−trans isomerization of fatty acid residues in naturally occurring cis lipids. The latter process affords geometrical isomers and the polyunsaturated fatty acid mono-trans isomers were demonstrated to be connected with stress conditions in living organisms. Synthesis of mono-trans polyunsaturated fatty acid is useful for analytical and biological research, and in this case, the availability of free fatty acids is needed as well as the possibility of mg scale of the synthetic protocol. Herein, we report a simple synthetic route to mono-trans isomers of arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, which includes thiyl radical-catalyzed isomerization reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters and fraction isolation of mono-trans mixture isomers followed by optimization of hydrolysis condition to free fatty acids and purification of each mono-trans polyunsaturated fatty acid. Our approach to mono-trans polyunsaturated fatty acids as free acids can reach the mg scale, thus fostering more applications to biochemical and biological studies.
Interview with David Waine (1944–2021) Head of Network Production Centre/Head of Broadcasting, BBC Pebble Mill, 1983–1994
Authors: Jackson Vanessa
Published: April 2022

David Waine was the Head of Network Production, and subsequently, Head of Broadcasting at BBC Pebble Mill from 1983 to 1994. He held the top job at Pebble Mill during a period of great significance for the BBC Nations and Regions, with competition from independent production becoming established and privatisation beginning to affect the working culture within the BBC. He focussed attention on four key areas of television programming, which are explored in this interview: daytime, leisure, drama and multicultural output. However, by the time he left, there were foreboding signs concerning the long-term future of the broadcast centre.
Appealing to the senses: Approaching, sensing, and interacting at the market’s stall
Authors: Mondada Lorenza
Published: April 2022

Sensorial access to products in shop encounters constitutes a crucial aspect of the appeal to customers. This paper examines sensorial engagements with products in a specific ecology (outdoor markets) with a focus on the possible (pre)opening of a shop encounter. When passers-by stroll from one stand to another, open to local findings, unplanned discoveries, and emergent opportunities to buy, they orient to the sensory appeal of the products, becoming possible customers, stopping in front of a counter and engaging in a social interaction with sellers and other customers. The analysis focuses on multisensoriality in action, studying how customers and sellers treat the sensorial qualities of the products, the relevance of the sensory engagement of the customer with their materiality, and their involvement in the social encounter with the seller, including normative expectations related to sensing and buying. It includes a discussion of how under Covid-19 sensorial access to products was restricted and the sensorial, interactional, normative, and economic consequences of these restrictions. Based on video recordings of market encounters, and on an ethnomethodological and conversation analytic approach of multimodality and multisensoriality, the paper reflects on how appealing to the senses of sight, touch, smell, and taste is methodically orchestrated, and its consequences for the interaction with the seller, the sensorial experience, and the economic transaction.
Can poetry help GPs and GP trainees to develop their reflective practice?
Authors: Whittle Bethany , Macgregor Kirsty , Cooper Max , Sornalingam Sangeetha , Okorie Michael
Published: April 2022

Fostering reflective practice is an integral part of continuing professional development and general practice training. However, popular reflective tools are often applied superficially, with little insight generated as a result. This article presents engagement with poetry as a unique method of reflection, which can enable clinicians to reflect on challenging experiences including those encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Existing communities who use poetry as a reflective tool will be spotlighted. Finally, the impact of poetic reflection in building resilience and mature reflection for GPs and GP trainees will be considered.
Health-related quality of life in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections
Authors: Hammeken Lianna H. , Baunwall Simon M. D. , Dahlerup Jens F. , Hvas Christian L. , Ehlers Lars H.
Published: April 2022

Background:

The health-related quality of life (HrQoL) can be substantially affected in patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) but the impact of effective treatment of the infection remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the HrQoL in patients with rCDI and estimate the gain in HrQoL associated with effective treatment of rCDI.

Methods:

Patients’ HrQoL was estimated based on EuroQol 5-Dimensions 3-Levels (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaires obtained from a Danish randomised controlled trial (RCT). In the RCT, 64 patients with rCDI were randomised to receive either vancomycin ( n = 16), fidaxomicin ( n = 24) or faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) preceded by vancomycin ( n = 24). The primary outcome in the RCT was rCDI resolution. Patients were closely monitored during the RCT, and rescue FMT was offered to those who failed their primary treatment. Patients’ HrQoL was measured at baseline and at 8- and 26-weeks follow-up. Linear regression analyses conditional on the differences between baseline and follow-up measurements were used to assess statistical significance ( p < 0.05).

Results:

Within 26 weeks of follow-up, 13 (81%) patients treated with vancomycin, 12 (50%) patients treated with fidaxomicin, and 3 (13%) patients treated with FMT had a subsequent recurrence and received a rescue FMT. The average HrQoL for untreated patients with rCDI was 0.675. After receiving effective treatment, this value increased by 0.139 to 0.813 ( p < 0.001) at week 8 and by 0.098 to 0.773 ( p = 0.003) at week 26 of follow-up compared with baseline.

Conclusion:

The HrQoL was adversely affected in patients with an active episode of rCDI but increased substantially after receiving an effective treatment algorithm in which rescue FMT was provided in case of a primary treatment failure.

Trial registration:

The RCT was preregistered at EudraCT (j.no. 2015-003004-24, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2015-003004-24/results ) and at ClinicalTrials.gov (study identifier NCT02743234, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02743234 ).
Association between cigarette smoking and Parkinson’s disease: a neuroimaging study
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhou Cheng , Guo Tao , Huang Peiyu , Xu Xiaojun , Zhang Minming
Published: April 2022

Background:

Mounting evidence has revealed an inverse association between cigarette smoking and the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Meanwhile, cigarette smoking has been found to be associated with cognitive impairment in PD patients. However, the neural mechanisms of the association between cigarette smoking and PD are not fully understood.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to explore the neural mechanisms of the association between cigarette smoking and PD.

Methods:

A total of 129 PD patients and 69 controls were recruited from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort, including 39 PD patients with regular smoking history (PD-S), 90 PD patients without regular smoking history (PD-NS), 26 healthy controls with regular smoking history (HC-S), and 43 healthy controls without regular smoking history (HC-NS). Striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding and gray matter (GM) volume of the whole brain were compared among the four groups.

Results:

PD patients showed significantly reduced striatal DAT binding compared with healthy controls, and HC-S showed significantly reduced striatal DAT binding compared with HC-NS. Moreover, smoking and PD showed a significant interaction effect in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). PD-S showed reduced GM volume in the left mPFC compared with PD-NS.

Conclusion:

The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD results in a substantial reduction of the DAT and dopamine levels. Nicotine may act as a stimulant to inhibit the action of striatal DAT, increasing dopamine levels in the synaptic gap. The inverse alteration of dopamine levels between PD and nicotine addiction may be the reason for the inverse association between smoking and the risk of PD. In addition, the mPFC atrophy in PD-S may be associated with cognitive impairment.
Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Combining Network Pharmacology and Affymetrix Array
Authors: Lin Haochang , Zhang Xinyue , Li Jiangya , Liang Liju , Zhang Qian , Fang Yan , Song Jingfeng , Yang Weimin , Weng Zhiying
Published: April 2022

Xuebijing injection (XBJ), one of the classical prescriptions for treating inflammation-related diseases, has been used to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in clinical practice. However, its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Network pharmacology combined with Affymetrix arrays and molecular docking techniques were applied to explore the molecular mechanism of XBJ for COPD. Predictive analysis of 728 active compounds in XBJ and 6 sets of Affymetrix arrays expression data resulted in 106 potential therapeutic targets. Next, based on the active compound-co-target network topology analysis, most of these targets were found to be modulated by quercetin, myricetin, and ellagic acid. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed that the key targets may be EGFR, STAT3, AKT1, CCND1, MMP9, AR, ESR1, and PTGS2. Then, by constructing a component-target-pathway network, we found that XBJ was a multi-pathway, multi-target, multi-compound synergistic therapy for COPD, and four key targets were involved in the FoxO signaling pathway. Luteolin and salvianolic acid b had the optimal binding ability to several key proteins. Therefore, we hypothesize that quercetin, myricetin, ellagic acid, luteolin, and salvianolic acid b mainly contribute to the therapeutic effect of XBJ on COPD by modulating the FoxO signaling pathway by regulating EGFR, STAT3, AKT1, and CCND1. XBJ exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress effects through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO axis combined with MMP9, AR, ESR1, and PTGS2 to regulate other signaling pathways.
Wage setting and wage moderation in Belgium: A never-ending and already-old story in the wake of the ‘new European economic governance’
Authors: Dorssemont Filip
Published: April 2022

Wage setting can be defined as the procedures which determine the remuneration which needs to be paid to employees as the counterpart of their work. The ancillary relationship between wage moderation and the new economic governance has never been expressed as clearly as in the Europlus Pact. The new economic governance (NEG) of the European Union has fostered wage moderation. This approach to wage setting and wage moderation is analysed from the perspective of the freedom of collective bargaining as a fundamental right, and on the basis of a national case study (Belgium). In order to carry out this analysis, the national wage moderation policies adopted in Belgium prior to the era of the NEG need to be examined first. The recommendations addressed to Belgium to reform the wage-setting system will then be analysed, as well as the impact they had both in confirming the existing system of wage moderation and the attempts to strengthen the restrictions imposed on collective autonomy. In light of these findings, these restrictions of collective autonomy are assessed on the basis of the freedom of collective bargaining, understood as a fundamental right.
The impact of bortezomib-based induction in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with chromosome 1q21 gain
Authors: Tang Hoi Ki Karen , Fung Chi Yeung , Morgan Gareth J. , Kumar Shaji , Siu Lisa , Ip Ho Wan Alvin , Yip Sze Fai , Lau Ka Ngai Harry , Lau Chi Kuen , Lee Harold , Leung Kwan Hung , Kho Bonnie , Wong Howard , Ngai Cheong , Hwang Yu Yan , Sim Joycelyn , Kwong Yok Lam , Chim Chor Sang
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Bortezomib has been reported to favourably impact the outcomes of t(4;14) and del(17p) in multiple myeloma (MM), but its impact on gain 1q (+1q) is unknown.

Methods:

To address this, 250 patients treated with bortezomib-based induction were analysed. All myeloma samples had fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performed on CD138-sorted bone marrow aspirate, and plasma cells were analysed using DNA probes specific for the following chromosomal aberrations: del(13q14), del(17p), t(14;16), t(4;14), and +1q. Presence of +1q was defined as the presence of at least three copies of 1q21 at the cut off level of 20% of bone marrow plasma cells.

Results:

+1q identified in 167 (66.8%) and associated with t(4;14) and high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). +1q was not associated with response rate but shorter event-free survival (EFS) (median EFS 35 vs 55 months, p = 0.05) and overall survival (OS) (median OS 74 vs 168 months, p = 0.00025). Copy number and clone size did not impact survival. Multivariate analysis showed +1q was an independent adverse factor for OS together with International Staging System (ISS)3, high LDH, del(17p) and t(4;14). When a risk score of 1 was assigned to each independent adverse factor, OS was shortened incrementally by a risk score from 0 to 4. Post-relapse/progression survival was inferior in those with +1q (median 60 vs 118 months, p = 0.000316). Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) improved OS for those with +1q (median OS 96 vs 49 months, p = 0.000069).

Conclusion:

+1q is an adverse factor for OS in MM uniformly treated with bortezomib-based induction but was partially mitigated by ASCT. A risk scoring system comprising +1q, LDH, high-risk FISH, and ISS is a potential tool for risk stratification in MM.
A 5-year surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in a university hospital: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Erdem Ilknur , Yıldırım Ilker , Safak Birol , Karaali Ritvan , Erdal Berna , Ardic Enes , Dogan Mustafa , Kardan M Enes , Kavak Caglar , Sahin Karadil Kubra , Yildiz Emre , Topcu Birol , Kiraz Nuri , Arar Cavidan
Published: April 2022

Objectives:

“Nosocomial infections” or “healthcare-associated infections” are a significant public health problem around the world. This study aimed to assess the rate of laboratory-confirmed healthcare-associated infections, frequency of nosocomial pathogens, and the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterial isolates in a University Hospital.

Methods:

A retrospective evaluation of healthcare-associated infections in a University Hospital, between the years 2015 and 2019 in Tekirdag, Turkey.

Results:

During the 5 years, the incidence densities of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units and clinics were 10.31 and 1.70/1000 patient-days, respectively. The rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia, central line–associated bloodstream infections, and catheter-associated urinary tract infections in intensive care units were 11.57, 4.02, and 1.99 per 1000 device-days, respectively. The most common healthcare-associated infections according to the primary sites were bloodstream infections (55.3%) and pneumonia (20.4%). 67.5% of the isolated microorganisms as nosocomial agents were Gram-negative bacteria, 24.9% of Gram-positive bacteria, and 7.6% of Candida. The most frequently isolated causative agents were Escherichia coli (16.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.7%). The rate of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production among E. coli isolates was 51.1%. Carbapenem resistance was 29.8% among isolates of P. aeruginosa, 95.1% among isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, and 18.2% among isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Colistin resistance was 2.4% among isolates of A. baumannii. Vancomycin resistance was 5.3% among isolates of Enterococci.

Conclusion:

Our study results demonstrate that healthcare-associated infections are predominantly originated by intensive care units. The microorganisms isolated from intensive care units are highly resistant to many antimicrobial agents. The rising incidence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms indicates that more interventions are urgently needed to reduce healthcare-associated infections in our intensive care units.
Patient and clinician perspectives of ophthalmology emergency attendances during the COVID 19 pandemic
Authors: Lim Ernest , Kanda Mumta , Rodrigues Zena , Hussain Rohan , Lee Vickie
Published: April 2022

Introduction

To explore patient and clinician perspectives on acute ophthalmology presentations during the COVID pandemic. To ascertain whether the pandemic had differentially impacted access to care based on patient demographics and postcodes.

Methods

A single-centre, cross-sectional prospective study in a busy metropolitan eye casualty between April–June 2020 recording patient demographics, distance travelled to access healthcare, diagnosis and outcome compared to the equivalent period in 2019. A further two-part survey was conducted to explore patient and clinician's perceptions around delays in attendances, views on remote consultation and severity of the condition.

Results

There was a 68% decrease in April 2020 compared to previous year's ED attendance. The diagnosis tended towards more visually significant pathology. From 2019 to 2020, there was a significant decrease in average distance travelled to the eye emergency department (eye ED). working-age adults (18-59) and white patients travelling from very far pre-pandemic contributed most to this change. 513 Patient responses (12%) out of 4433 attendances during the study period were received, 89% (456/513) of the completed surveys also had matching clinician surveys. 29% (149/513) patients felt COVID-19 stopped them from attending earlier. Clinicians thought a video consultation would have been suitable for 40% (182/456) of patients compared to only 13% (58/456) of patients preferring a video consultation.

Discussion

Although our findings were limited by low response rates, COVID-19 may have caused a delay in presentation for emergency eye care. Demographic changes and attitudes towards video consultations have implications for planning of emergency eye care in future pandemics.
Understanding the attitudes and experiences of people living with potentially stigmatised long-term health conditions with respect to collecting and sharing health and lifestyle data
Authors: Brown Richard , Sillence Elizabeth , Coventry Lynne , Simpson Emma , Gibbs Jo , Tariq Shema , C. Durrant Abigail , Lloyd Karen
Published: April 2022

Background

The emerging landscape of patient-generated data (PGData) provides an opportunity to collect large quantities of information that can be used to develop our understanding of different health conditions and potentially improve the quality of life for those living with long-term health condition (LTHCs). If the potential benefits of PGData are to be realised, we need a better understanding of the psychological barriers and facilitators to the collection and beneficial sharing of health and lifestyle data. Due to the understudied role that stigma plays in sharing PGData, we explore the attitudes and experiences of those living with potentially stigmatised LTHCs with respect to collecting and sharing health and lifestyle data.

Methods

This study used semi-structured interviews and a card sorting task to explore the attitudes and experiences of people living with potentially stigmatised LTHCs. Fourteen adult participants who reported having a range of conditions were recruited in England. Template analysis was used to analyse interview transcripts and descriptive statistics were used for the card sorting task.

Results

The findings present four overarching themes: Preferences for collecting health and lifestyle data, Importance of anonymity, Expected use of data, and Sources of emotional support. Participants illustrated a general willingness to share health and lifestyle data; however, there were some notable differences in sharing experiences, varying both by information type and recipient group. Overall, participants did not identify health-related stigma as a barrier to collecting or sharing their personal health and lifestyle data.

Conclusions

We outline a number of preferences that participants feel would encourage them to collect and share data more readily, which may be considered when developing data sharing tools for the future.
The barriers of identity: Population diversity, social trust, and crime
Authors: Jin Jiang , Shi Yangjing , Zhu Libo
Published: April 2022

Based on the 2014 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey data, this paper constructs a population diversity index to test the impact of population diversity on crime rates. The results suggest that population diversity is one of the causes of increasing urban crime. After considering the endogeneity problem and testing the robustness from different perspectives, the conclusion remains unchanged. The results of mediation tests indicate that social trust is an important mediator variable, that is, population diversity leads to an increase of crime rate when the level of social trust is low. Moreover, the results also show that the impact of population diversity on crime is much weaker when property rights protections are more complete, people have more confidence in the court system, and the government spends more on education and social security. This shows that better institutions can, to some extent, replace the role of non-market forces, thereby curbing the negative impact of population diversity on crime rates. It also suggests that public expenditure can reduce the likelihood of crime by increasing the opportunity cost of crime. This paper provides empirical evidence valuable to government crime control policies in China. Governments at all levels should pay full attention to the adverse effects of cultural differences in governance and promote mutual cultural recognition and integration of different groups.
Sustainability of Costume Appearance: Influence of Psychological and Social Values on the Bangladeshi Young Generation
Authors: Minhus SM , Huie Liang
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the impact of values and numerous other social and psychological influences on the sustainability of costume appearance. According to the ideological basis of the social values theorem, information was gathered directly through current cognitive constructs, such as an individual’s opinions. Both internal and external influences of lifestyle on costume appearance are depicted within the research framework. An empirical survey was employed to collect data, including 239 respondents from 2 Fashion design universities. The analysis exhibits that internal and external values influence the Bangladeshi young generation’s costume appearance sustainability has a positive impact. It also shows, the social media factor has high significant values within this study context. However, from the psychological perspectives of costume appearance, shopping tendency, and fashion trend would have a moderate effect. Then, several future research directions can be drawn to improve the cross-cultural ideology on social and psychological values regarding costume appearance.
Exploring the Lived Experiences of Fathers of Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Camilleri Louis John
Published: April 2022

This study uses narrative inquiry to investigate the lived experiences of fathers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It aims to answer the question: “What stories do fathers of children with autism tell about their fathering experiences?” Data to inform this study was gathered through 30 in-depth interviews with 10 fathers living in Malta. A narrative analysis, which is defined as the configuration of data in chronological order, resulted in 10 stories that were written in the “third-person omniscient.” An analysis of the stories resulted in the identification of eight common “events”: (1) The diagnosis, (2) Search for solutions, (3) Relationship with spouse, (4) Communication difficulties, (5) Thoughts on fatherhood, (6) Society and autism, (7) Positive outcomes, and (8) The future. The stories illustrate the great lengths fathers of children with autism go to in order to support their children. It also provides insight into the fathers’ concerns about the future. Finally, it highlights specific support needs, such as the need for more sensitivity when communicating the diagnosis, the need for professionals to be more conscious of “professional-client” power dynamics, and the need for more complete information.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Distress in Patients With Hypermobility Type Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Orenius Tage , Kautiainen Hannu , Louhi Marja , Montin Liisa , Bulbena Antonio , Lindgren Karl-August
Published: April 2022

Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, hypermobile type (hEDS) often report a decrease of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), symptoms of anxiety and depression, and show a prevalent incidence of psychiatric disorders. Still, there seems to be a lack of a more thorough analysis addressing the relations between these entities. We studied the HRQoL and its relations with depressive symptoms and subgroups of anxiety in a group of patients with hEDS ( n = 81) compared to a comparison group ( n = 90) of healthy controls (HC). HRQoL was assessed with the RAND 36-item health survey, depressive symptoms were measured with the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and State/trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was used to estimate levels of state and trait anxiety. The hEDS group showed significantly lower scores on total HRQoL, on all subscales as well on calculated subgroups of physical and mental HRQoL than the HC group. Depression, state, and trait anxiety scores were significantly higher in hEDS group than in the HC group. However, both state and trait anxiety showed a lower degree of negative associations with social functioning in the hEDS group when compared to the HC group. Patients with hEDS present with a lower HRQoL and greater psychological distress than healthy individuals. These factors play a significant role in the patients’ overall functional capacity and should be noticed when examining and treating patients with hEDS.
Do We Mistake Fiction for Fact? Investigating Whether the Consumption of Fictional Crime-Related Media May Help to Explain the Criminal Profiling Illusion
Authors: Greiwe Teresa , Khoshnood Ardavan
Published: April 2022

The disparity between the ongoing use of criminal profiling and the lack of empirical evidence for its validity is referred to as criminal profiling illusion. Associated risks for society range from misled police investigations, hindered apprehensions of the actual offender(s), and wrongful convictions to mistrust in the police. Research on potential explanations is in its infancy but assumes that people receive and adopt incorrect messages favoring the accuracy and utility of criminal profiling. One suggested mechanism through which individuals may acquire such incorrect messages is the consumption of fictional crime-related media which typically present criminal profiling as highly accurate, operationally useful, and leading to the apprehension of the offender(s). By having some relation to reality but presenting a distorted picture of criminal profiling, fictional crime-related media may blur the line between fiction and reality thereby increasing the risk for the audience to mistake fiction for fact. Adopting a cultivation approach adequate to examine media effects on one’s perception, the present study is the first to investigate whether the perception of criminal profiling may be influenced by the consumption of fictional crime-related media based on a correlation study. Although the results provide support for the assumption that misperceptions of criminal profiling are widely spread in the general population and associated with the consumption of fictional crime-related media, the found cultivation effects are small and must be interpreted cautiously. Considering that even small effects may have the potential to influence real-life decision-making, they may still be relevant and affect society at large.
The Secret Lives of Corridors: Networks of Relations in Transitional Built Spaces
Authors: Sharif Ahlam Ammar
Published: April 2022

Built environment research has long been interested in understanding the complexities of transitional spaces by investigating their hosted interactions. One approach used in efforts of this kind is actor-network theory (ANT), which conceptualizes built spaces as networks of relations that allow for certain interactions but not others. Previous studies have not considered the full variety of such interactions, having either addressed such multiplicity generically or focused on particular interactions related to a specific activity. Filling this gap, this article utilizes an ANT-inspired ethnographic approach to unpack the spatial diversity of a Jordanian university’s corridor space by mapping the various interactions therein. The findings present the relational dynamics within the various networks created and show how they have diversifying effects on the very shaping of the corridor. Ultimately, this article suggests a more nuanced conceptualization of transitional spaces through a better understanding of the multitude of interactions, offering designers a tool to create distinctive spaces that serve different user needs.
Status of Reproductive Health of Women in Himalaya: A Case Study of Selective Villages of, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Chandna Vaneeta , Pandey B. W. , Ranjan Om Jee , Jyoti
Published: April 2022

The present study illustrates how socio-economic services are related to health allied issues concerning women focused on the level of the workforce they are engaged in everyday life. The absence of existing medical services is akin to general health issues, and its effect on maternal health (during prenatal and postnatal periods) of the women residing in the villages. It is a matter of concern regarding their age, as women work for a prolonged time, and their work is more arduous as opposed to men. Prolonged working hours and stressful regular workload have led to weakness, stress, muscle pain, back pain and hypertension among hill women. They are not aware of daily life work pressure that has severely affected their reproductive health too. This study proposes to characterize the housing amenities, working load on women, working hours, available medical facilities along with transportation connectivity in four villages in Chamoli district, Uttarakhand. Marginality, fragility and inaccessibility factors of Himalayas elevate the risk of having poor living conditions which further contribute to ignore reproductive health issue of women.
Timing and Selectivity Performance of Mutual Fund Managers: Application of Conditional Models to Indian Equity Diversified Mutual funds
Authors: Suvarna Akshatha
Published: April 2022

Investors prefer to invest in the mutual funds as the fund managers may augment the returns through their security selection and market timing skills. Both conditional and unconditional evaluation approaches are used in the assessment of these two skills. The conditional performance appraisal methodology eliminates some of the biases that affect conventional unconditional measures when assessing these two skills. This study analyses the security selection and market timing ability of 52 selected Indian equity diversified mutual fund (growth) schemes using conditional approaches. Study found that stock selectivity and market timing coefficients were positive and significant in less than 25% of sampled funds. However, one interesting thing is that study could not find any significantly negative stock selector. With respect to macro-forecasting or timing the market, evidence, however, was strong for “wrong” or “perverse” market timing. The negative correlation between stock picking and market timing coefficients indicates that Indian equity diversified scheme fund managers are unable to demonstrate prowess in both capabilities at the same time.
Polymyalgia Rheumatica or Late Onset Lupus? A Case Report
Authors: Altier Jake , Oates Jim , Ward Celine
Published: April 2022

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with a peak age of presentation between the 15 and 40 years with a wide variety of disease manifestations. Although there is no formal definition, late onset SLE is generally defined in the literature as onset after the age of 50. It is estimated that 2% to 20% of patients with SLE overall fall into this category. It is important for the clinician to recognize this less-common entity because arthralgia, myalgia, fatigue, and sicca symptoms in the elderly can so easily be attributed as symptoms of normal aging or other common degenerative processes rather than a systemic disease similar to SLE or Sjogren’s syndrome. The following report outlines a case of late onset SLE which initially was suspected to be polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).
Unilateral Versus Bilateral Resistance Exercise in Postoperative Rehabilitation After ACL Reconstruction With Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Oliveira Marcio , Júnior Paulo Lobo , Imoto Aline Mizusaki , Santos Tácio , Borges José Humberto Souza , Nunes Pedro , Barin Fabrício Reichert , Damando Meire , Peccin Maria Stella
Published: April 2022

Background:

Lower limb muscle strength symmetry has been suggested as an essential criterion for the safe return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Limited evidence is available regarding the most effective intervention to achieve symmetry after reconstruction with contralateral bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) graft.

Purpose:

To verify whether unilateral isotonic resistance exercise is more effective than bilateral exercise for obtaining postoperative functional and muscular strength symmetry between the donor limb and reconstructed limb for patients who received BPTB graft.

Study Design:

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.

Methods:

A total of 88 patients were randomly divided into a control group (n = 44) and an intervention group (n = 44). All participants performed an 8-week exercise program starting at the beginning of the fourth postoperative month and were evaluated before and after the program. The control group performed bilateral exercises, and the intervention group performed unilateral exercises for the donor limb only (the limb with the greatest disability). The primary outcome was muscle strength (peak torque and hamstrings to quadriceps [H:Q] ratio), and the secondary outcomes were range of motion (ROM; goniometry), KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference in anteroposterior knee laxity, and objective (single-leg hop test) and subjective (Lysholm score) functionality.

Results:

Both groups improved significantly from before to after the exercise program. The improvements were significantly greater in the intervention group regarding peak torque, H:Q ratio, flexion ROM, single-leg hop test, and Lysholm score in the donor limb ( P < .001 for all), and the improvements were significantly greater in the control group regarding peak torque and single-leg hop test in the reconstructed limb ( P < .001 for both). Comparison between the groups showed significantly increased symmetry regarding peak torque, H:Q ratio, and single-leg hop test in the intervention group compared with the control group ( P < .001), with large effect sizes (>0.80) except for the H:Q ratio.

Conclusion:

Although postoperative, bilateral, isotonic resistance exercise provided better strength gains to the reconstructed limb, unilateral exercise was more effective in obtaining functional and muscle strength between-limb symmetry in patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with contralateral BPTB graft.

Registration:

Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (number RBR-22rnjh).
Safer Return to Play After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Evaluation of a Return-to-Play Checklist
Authors: Hadley Christopher J. , Rao Somnath , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Ciccotti Michael G. , Dodson Christopher C. , Marchetto Paul A. , Hammoud Sommer , Cohen Steven B. , Freedman Kevin B.
Published: April 2022

Background:

Questions remain regarding the traditional protocols used in rehabilitation and clearance for return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose/Hypothesis:

To investigate the impact on injury rates after return to sports by developing and validating a Safer Return to Play Following ACL Reconstruction Checklist consisting of subjective and objective functional tests that can be quickly and easily implemented into a sports medicine practice. It was hypothesized that patients who successfully passed the checklist before returning to sports would experience lower rates of ipsilateral and contralateral knee injuries at a 2-year follow-up as compared with patients who returned to play before completing the checklist.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

First, a systematic review was performed to generate a list of the most common outcome measures used to assess return to play after ACLR. To refine our checklist, we conducted a survey with an expert panel of 10 medical professionals utilizing the Delphi technique. After the creation of the checklist, validation was performed by prospectively evaluating patients who had undergone ACLR for injury of the ipsilateral or contralateral knee, with a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Results:

After our systematic review of 60 studies, 7 criteria were included in the final checklist. During the period studied, October 2014 to December 2017, a total of 222 patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. At a minimum 2 years of follow-up, there were 146 patients who successfully passed the checklist and 38 who did not. Overall, 24 (16.4%) patients who had passed the checklist sustained an injury to either knee, as compared with 10 (26.3%) from the group that did not pass the checklist ( P = .162). Of the group that passed the checklist, 8 (5.5%) patients sustained an injury to the ipsilateral knee, as compared with 7 (18.4%) in the group that did not pass ( P = .017).

Conclusion:

Prospective validation of our checklist demonstrated that patients who successfully passed the checklist before returning to play experienced a significantly lower incidence of ipsilateral anterior cruciate ligament injury as compared with patients who did not pass the checklist.
Mother’s Media Use and Children’s Vaccination Status in Indonesia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Machmud Putri Bungsu , Glasauer Saskia , Gayatri Dwi , Mikolajczyk Rafael
Published: April 2022

Exposing appropriate information to mothers is a key factor for children’s immunization status. This study aims to assess the influence of mothers’ media use on their children’s vaccination status in Indonesia, using the 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey data. A multilevel multinomial logistic regression model was employed. Mothers who used media irregularly and regularly had higher odds of having partially vaccinated children (vs unvaccinated) than mothers who never used media with adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.74; 95% Confidence interval (95% CI): 1.06-2.85 and aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.02-2.16, respectively. Furthermore, they had higher odds of having a fully vaccinated child (vs unvaccinated) (aOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.12-3.08 for irregular media use and aOR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.64-3.53 for regular media use vs. no media use). Our findings suggest that mothers’ media use could positively affect their children’s vaccination status by increasing mothers’ knowledge about children’s vaccination.
Hyperargininemia Due to Arginase 1 Deficiency: Variability in Clinical and Biochemical Presentations in Malaysian children
Authors: Habib Anasufiza , Mohamed Shakrin Norashareena
Published: April 2022

Objective:

Hyperargininemia due to Arginase 1 deficiency is a rare inborn error of the urea cycle with an incidence estimated at 1:950 000. It has typical severe and progressive abnormal neurological features with biochemical findings of hyperargininemia and hyperexcretion of orotic acid. The aim of our study is to review the clinical and biochemical presentations of 4 children diagnosed with Arginase 1 deficiency in Malaysia and compare with the literature review.

Design and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 4 patients with molecularly confirmed Arginase 1 deficiency. Patients were identified from a selective high-risk screening of 51 682 symptomatic patients from January 2006 to December 2020.

Results:

Our patients exhibited heterogeneous clinical presentations with acute and progressive neurological abnormalities and varying degrees of plasma arginine and urine orotic acid excretions. Interestingly, an unusual hyperexcretion of homocitrulline was found in 3 patients.

Conclusions:

Hyperargininemia due to Arginase 1 deficiency can present acutely and hyperexcretion of homocitrulline can be an additional biochemical feature of Arginase 1 deficiency.
Sonic stories, sensory ethnography, and listening with an injured mind
Authors: Charette Michelle , Lima Elizabeth , Elliott Denielle
Published: April 2022

Brain injuries transform how one’s world sounds. What follows are two sonic stories. These short audio compositions are designed to transport the listener into the pre- and post-brain injury sensory environment—a textured and embodied landscape that non-injured minded individuals, including most clinicians, have little understanding of. This lack of understanding is a consequence of the sorts of neurological research done in the scientific traditions which tend to leave certain forms of sensory phenomena unstudied and exclude patients’ voices. We draw inspiration from Rachel Kolb’s (2017) first-person account of hearing music for the first time after getting cochlear implants. She writes that music jolted her core in ways she could not explain. Instead of “Can you hear the music?”, she prefers to be asked, “What does music feel like to you?” Stemming from the perspectives of two individuals that live with brain injuries (identified here as Story A and Story B), these sonic stories ask what does a brain injury sound like?