bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Affective Impressions Recognition under Different Colored Lights Based on Physiological Signals and Subjective Evaluation Method
Authors: Xie Xing , Cai Jun , Fang Hai , Wang Beibei , He Huan , Zhou Yuanzhi , Xiao Yang , Yamanaka Toshimasa , Li Xinming
Published: June 2023

The design of the light environment plays a critical role in the interaction between people and visual objects in space. Adjusting the space’s light environment to regulate emotional experience is more practical for the observers under lighting conditions. Although lighting plays a vital role in spatial design, the effects of colored lights on individuals’ emotional experiences are still unclear. This study combined physiological signal (galvanic skin response (GSR) and electrocardiography (ECG)) measurements and subjective assessments to detect the changes in the mood states of observers under four sets of lighting conditions (green, blue, red, and yellow). At the same time, two sets of abstract and realistic images were designed to discuss the relationship between light and visual objects and their influence on individuals’ impressions. The results showed that different light colors significantly affected mood, with red light having the most substantial emotional arousal, then blue and green. In addition, GSR and ECG measurements were significantly correlated with impressions evaluation results of interest, comprehension, imagination, and feelings in subjective evaluation. Therefore, this study explores the feasibility of combining the measurement of GSR and ECG signals with subjective evaluations as an experimental method of light, mood, and impressions, which provided empirical evidence for regulating individuals’ emotional experiences.
Comparing Machine Learning and PLSDA Algorithms for Durian Pulp Classification Using Inline NIR Spectra
Authors: Pokhrel Dharma Raj , Sirisomboon Panmanas , Khurnpoon Lampan , Posom Jetsada , Saechua Wanphut
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of multivariate classification algorithms, specifically Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and machine learning algorithms, in the classification of Monthong durian pulp based on its dry matter content (DMC) and soluble solid content (SSC), using the inline acquisition of near-infrared (NIR) spectra. A total of 415 durian pulp samples were collected and analyzed. Raw spectra were preprocessed using five different combinations of spectral preprocessing techniques: Moving Average with Standard Normal Variate (MA+SNV), Savitzky–Golay Smoothing with Standard Normal Variate (SG+SNV), Mean Normalization (SG+MN), Baseline Correction (SG+BC), and Multiplicative Scatter Correction (SG+MSC). The results revealed that the SG+SNV preprocessing technique produced the best performance with both the PLS-DA and machine learning algorithms. The optimized wide neural network algorithm of machine learning achieved the highest overall classification accuracy of 85.3%, outperforming the PLS-DA model, with overall classification accuracy of 81.4%. Additionally, evaluation metrics such as recall, precision, specificity, F1-score, AUC ROC, and kappa were calculated and compared between the two models. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of machine learning algorithms to provide similar or better performance compared to PLS-DA in classifying Monthong durian pulp based on DMC and SSC using NIR spectroscopy, and they can be applied in the quality control and management of durian pulp production and storage.
Major Depressive Disorder and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Show Characteristic Heart Rate Variability Profiles Reflecting Autonomic Dysregulations: Differentiation by Linear Discriminant Analysis
Authors: Shinba Toshikazu , Kuratsune Daisuke , Shinba Shuntaro , Shinba Yujiro , Sun Guanghao , Matsui Takemi , Kuratsune Hirohiko
Published: June 2023

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have overlapping symptoms, and differentiation is important to administer the proper treatment. The present study aimed to assess the usefulness of heart rate variability (HRV) indices. Frequency-domain HRV indices, including high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) components, their sum (LF+HF), and their ratio (LF/HF), were measured in a three-behavioral-state paradigm composed of initial rest (Rest), task load (Task), and post-task rest (After) periods to examine autonomic regulation. It was found that HF was low at Rest in both disorders, but was lower in MDD than in CFS. LF and LF+HF at Rest were low only in MDD. Attenuated responses of LF, HF, LF+HF, and LF/HF to task load and an excessive increase in HF at After were found in both disorders. The results indicate that an overall HRV reduction at Rest may support a diagnosis of MDD. HF reduction was found in CFS, but with a lesser severity. Response disturbances of HRV to Task were observed in both disorders, and would suggest the presence of CFS when the baseline HRV has not been reduced. Linear discriminant analysis using HRV indices was able to differentiate MDD from CFS, with a sensitivity and specificity of 91.8% and 100%, respectively. HRV indices in MDD and CFS show both common and different profiles, and can be useful for the differential diagnosis.
A Design of a Novel Silicon Photonics Sensor with Ultra-Large Free Spectral Range Based on a Directional Coupler-Assisted Racetrack Resonator (DCARR)
Authors: Alsalman Osamah , Crowe Iain
Published: June 2023

A novel refractive index-based sensor implemented within a silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is reported. The design is based on a double-directional coupler (DC) integrated with a racetrack-type resonator (RR) to enhance the optical response to changes in the near-surface refractive index via the optical Vernier effect. Although this approach can give rise to an extremely large ‘envelope’ free spectral range (FSRVernier), we restrict the design geometry to ensure this is within the traditional silicon PIC operating wavelength range of 1400–1700 nm. As a result, the exemplar double DC-assisted RR (DCARR) device demonstrated here, with FSRVernier = 246 nm, has a spectral sensitivity SVernier = 5 × 104 nm/RIU.
A Hardware-Based Configurable Algorithm for Eye Blink Signal Detection Using a Single-Channel BCI Headset
Authors: López-Ahumada Rafael , Jiménez-Naharro Raúl , Gómez-Bravo Fernando
Published: June 2023

Eye blink artifacts in electroencephalographic (EEG) signals have been used in multiple applications as an effective method for human–computer interaction. Hence, an effective and low-cost blinking detection method would be an invaluable aid for the development of this technology. A configurable hardware algorithm, described using hardware description language, for eye blink detection based on EEG signals from a one-channel brain–computer interface (BCI) headset was developed and implemented, showing better performance in terms of effectiveness and detection time than manufacturer-provided software.
Prevalence of cancer risk factors among transgender and gender diverse individuals: a cross-sectional analysis using UK primary care data
Authors: Brown Jalen , Pfeiffer Ruth M , Shrewsbury Duncan , OCallaghan Stewart , Berner Alison M , Gadalla Shahinaz M , Shiels Meredith S , Jackson Sarah S
Published: June 2023

Background

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals experience an incongruence between their assigned birth sex and gender identity. They may have a higher prevalence of health conditions associated with cancer risk than cisgender people.

Aim

To examine the prevalence of several cancer risk factors among TGD individuals compared with cisgender individuals.

Design and setting

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the UKs Clinical Practice Research Datalink to identify TGD individuals between 19882020, matched to 20 cisgender men and 20 cisgender women on index date (date of diagnosis with gender incongruence), practice, and index age (age at index date). Assigned birth sex was determined from gender-affirming hormone use and procedures, and sex-specific diagnoses documented in the medical record.

Method

The prevalence of each cancer risk factor was calculated and the prevalence ratio by gender identity was estimated using log binomial or Poisson regression models adjusted for age and year at study entry, and obesity where appropriate.

Results

There were 3474 transfeminine (assigned male at birth) individuals, 3591 transmasculine (assigned female at birth) individuals, 131 747 cisgender men, and 131 827 cisgender women. Transmasculine people had the highest prevalence of obesity (27.5%) and ever smoking (60.2%). Transfeminine people had the highest prevalence of dyslipidaemia (15.1%), diabetes (5.4%), hepatitis C infection (0.7%), hepatitis B infection (0.4%), and HIV infection (0.8%). These prevalence estimates remained elevated in the TGD populations compared with cisgender persons in the multivariable models.

Conclusion

Multiple cancer risk factors are more prevalent among TGD individuals compared with cisgender individuals. Future research should examine how minority stress contributes to the increased prevalence of cancer risk factors in this population.
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA KELAS 1 TENTANG PERTUMBUHAN GIGI PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Purnamasari Intan , Nurnaningsih Hera , Marah Laut Deru , Herijulianti Eliza
Published: June 2023

Gigi bagi seorang anak sangat penting dalam tumbuh kembang anak itu sendiri, terutama pada usia anak Sekolah Dasar kelas 1, karena pada usia ini gigi permanen mulai erupsi dan perlu diperhatian agar tidak terjadi kerusakan dini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan orang tua kelas 1 tentang pertumbuhan gigi pada anak usia Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini merupakan seluruh orang tua siswa kelas 1 disebuah SD di Kabupaten Subang yang berjumlah 21 orang. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dalam bentuk google form.  Data akan di analisis dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi yang menggambarkan situasi pengetahuan orang tua siswa tentang pertumbuhan gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 47,6% orang tua kurang mengetahui tentang periode pertumbuhan gigi kemudian sebanyak 66,7% orang tua kurang mengetahui tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi erupsi gigi. Tingkat pendidikan responden tentang pengetahuan pertumbuhan gigi terdapat dalam kategori kurang adalah orang tua dari kelompok lulusan SD yaitu sebesar 33,3% sedangkan tingkat pekerjaan responden pada aspek pengetahuan tentang pertumbuhan gigi terdapat dalam kategori kurang adalah orang tua dari kelompok ibu rumah tangga yaitu sebesar 47,6%.
Determinant Factors in Managing Tourism Village
Authors: Herman Herman , Rizkiyah Putri , Widjaja Herry Rachmat , Junaid Ilham
Published: June 2023

Studies on destination attributes mainly focused on the motivation or experience of tourists and their relation to these attributes. Therefore, in-depth reports are required to fully understand tourism villages as destinations, particularly in relation to the factors that contribute to their success. This study aimed to (1) identify tourism products in tourism villages, (2) identify the determinants of tourism destination attributes, and (3) recommend efforts to improve the management of destination attributes in developing as tourism villages. A qualitative approach was used which was conducted at Kuta Village, Lombok, in 2022. The results showed the tourism products in Kuta Village are the local population's natural landscape, culture, and hospitality. The determining factors that support the management of destination products were strategic locations, various tourist attractions and activities, availability of amenities, as well as good accessibility. However, the village managers needed to address essential issues, such as parking facilities, transportation, and limited skilled personnel in providing services to tourists. This study recommended three steps for managing destination attributes, namely training in sustainable home stay management, improving tourism-supporting facilities and infrastructure, as well as regulating physical infrastructure and accessibility. Moreover, there were arguments (insights) regarding the existence of a village as a destination with the management of attributes and determinants. These served as the key to the successful management of tourism destination.
HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF D.M. POZHARSKIY PAROCHIAL SCHOOL IN SUZDAL
Authors: Savel'eva N.
Published: June 2023

This article presents a historical and architectural analysis of the unveiled object of cultural heritage of the Vladimir region - the D.M. Pozharsky parochial school at the Spaso–Efimiev Monastery in the city of Suzdal. The analysis was carried out during the official historical and cultural expertise to state and determine the value category of the object, define the subject of protection, justify the listening of the object in the list of regional objects of cultural heritage.

The building date of the object was clarified, historical spatial and plastic elements were determined, modern distortions and losses were revealed. The specifics of the plan setting are exposed, a detailed description of the architectural features of the monument is presented.

The article presents a detailed description of the architectural features of the monument, reveals the specifics of the town-planning situation. The illustrative material made by the author is presented in the form drawings of plan, major facade and individual architectural elements. A brief historical reference and analysis of existing textual and archival materials containing historical data and information about the value of the studied object are added.

The object of the study is the building of the D.M. Pozharsky parochial school. The subject of the study are the architectural and stylistic features of the structure

According to the results of the study, the author provided the conclusion about the high degree of historical material preservation, significant historical, cultural, architectural and urban planning value of the object, and possible options for modern use
Partnering with Faith-Based Organizations to Promote Positive Parenting: Example and Lessons Learned
Authors: Zapata Martha , Morris Amanda , Emerson Amy , Jespersen Jens , Titchener Kelly
Published: June 2023

We evaluated an early literacy initiative implemented in partnership with faith-based organizations. Heads of the initiative train church leaders to host monthly literacy events during which those leaders educate parents about child development and model dialogic reading behaviors while caregivers and their children follow along. A survey and focus group sessions with caregivers and church leaders indicated high satisfaction with the initiative, a reported increase in literacy-promoting practices among caregivers, and perceived gains in children's literacy skills attributed to participation in the literacy events. Extension educators can use or adapt elements of the initiative to promote positive parenting practices and early literacy.
Approach to Establishing an Infrastructure for Delivering Third-Party-Reimbursable Community-Based Health Education
Authors: Contreras Dawn , Anderson Laura
Published: June 2023

Entities that seek to provide quality community-based health education need sustainable funding to maintain their efforts. With dwindling funding sources, it has become important to have diverse financial support for program stability. A promising new practice for expanding funding involves partnering with third-party payers. Michigan State University Extension created a multistep approach to prepare organizations to receive third-party payments. This approach includes (a) assessing readiness, need, and capacity; (b) conducting organizational preparation; (c) conducting staff preparation; and (d) formalizing partnerships. The result is the creation of an infrastructure that allows for partnering with varied funding sources for sustainable community-based health education programming.
Evaluation Tool for Collecting Statewide Outcomes for Single-Session Programs
Authors: Abbott Angela , Graves Lisa , Woodcox Stephanie
Published: June 2023

Evaluation is critical to demonstrating program value and impact and to better communicating outcomes to stakeholders. Purdue Extension Health and Human Sciences (HHS Extension) created an evaluation tool based on the need to collect statewide metrics on a standardized set of questions addressing the topics of food, family, money, and health. This evaluation tool, Survey Builder, allows Extension educators to customize evaluations for single-session programs using a streamlined online approach. Data from Survey Builder allow HHS Extension to demonstrate the collective outcomes of statewide programming efforts. Survey Builder was developed to be used by other organizations as well.
Virtual Plant Clinics Cultivate Collaborations and Transfer Knowledge in Extension
Authors: Kness Andrew , Dill Shannon , McCoy Teresa
Published: June 2023

Plant clinics have been used as a tool to help Extension professionals diagnose crop production problems; however, limited resources have made it difficult to continue to offer in-person clinics. Using distance-learning technology, University of Maryland Extension initiated and offered to Extension professionals "virtual" plant clinics (VPCs) during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Participants reported an increase in knowledge of field conditions across the state and felt that they were more likely to attend a VPC over an in-person clinic. Hosting VPCs is a way for Extension faculty to increase internal communication, share ideas throughout the growing season, and foster collaborations.
Multidisciplinary Program Approach to Building Food and Business Skills for Agricultural Entrepreneurs
Authors: Crist Courtney , Canales Elizabeth
Published: June 2023

Farmers involved in local food systems are seeking opportunities to expand operations and diversify their sources of income through value-added operations and access to new markets. To be successful, producers need further food safety training and business skills acquisition to mitigate potential risks. We outline and discuss a multidisciplinary program developed for Extension personnel to deliver to producers and value-added entrepreneurs participating in local and regional food systems. The program helps participants reduce risks by improving their business skills, marketing tools, market access, market channels, regulatory compliance, and food safety practices.
Know the Land, Save the Land: Apparel Design for Extension Education
Authors: Hamilton Melissa , Wahl Lori , Stokes Brad
Published: June 2023

We leveraged collaboration by a county Extension office, apparel design undergraduate students, and university faculty to develop an innovative educational product to capture the attention of new audiences for invasive plant education programming. Nationwide press highlighted the project—titled Know the Land, Save the Land—generating national interest and sales. We achieved our goal of using innovative educational materials to reach new audiences for Extension education. As well, the project is fiscally self-sustaining and continues to support experiential student learning opportunities for apparel design students through future product releases.
Lesson Plan Helps Volunteers Improve Learning Among 4-H Youths in Animal Projects
Authors: Ewers Timothy , Nash Scott , Ruth Alaena , Piaskowski Julia
Published: June 2023

Continued development and delivery of animal science programs for 4-H youths is a critical need in all livestock production regions. The large number of 4-H youth programs, their rural locations, and the small number of 4-H Extension professionals make delivery of new curricula challenging. In response, we developed animal science lessons for volunteer leaders. We evaluated the effectiveness of a quality assurance lesson delivered by untrained volunteers on learning among 4-H youths in 32 clubs across Idaho. Survey results indicate improved student learning and provide preliminary evidence that this delivery model can be effective for 4-H participants.
Identifying Key Constructs and Measurements to Assess the Situation Analysis Reports
Authors: Kuri Subrato , Vines Karen , Lambur Michael
Published: June 2023

Every five years, unit offices of Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) must submit a situation analysis (SA) report. The purpose of the SA report is to identify the current issues at the local level to develop future educational programs. The primary objective of this study was to develop a methodology that could be used to assess the quality of SA reports in Virginia. We have evaluated 196 SA reports from VCE to begin development of an assessment. Results of testing of the tool identify areas for continued development.
Integrated Pest Management Summit Reveals Barriers, Needs, and Goals for Agricultural Extension
Authors: Murray Katie , Jepson Paul , Bouska Cassie , Scherr Melissa , Walenta Darrin
Published: June 2023

Integrated pest management (IPM) continues to be an area of great importance for agricultural Extension. However, there are barriers to implementation. To advance understanding of current status, barriers, and needs in IPM Extension, we organized a 1-day IPM summit for Oregon State University agricultural Extension faculty. Over 50 faculty attended from various departments and programs. We report on the process and highlight the top barriers, needs, and goals revealed. We hope to stimulate similar meetings among other agricultural Extension professionals and enhance Extension professionals' collective understanding of barriers to IPM to reveal pathways for progress.
Overview of a Statewide Extension Strategic Planning Process and Unintended Outcomes
Authors: Donaldson Joseph , Hastings Shirley
Published: June 2023

In 2010, University of Tennessee Extension conducted a strategic planning effort focused on the subsequent 10 years. The process involved approximately 3,000 Tennesseans in online surveys, area meetings, opinion polling, and focus group sessions. This article describes the process, tools, and outcomes—which included a comprehensive strategic plan. Yet the strategic planning process itself produced unintended outcomes, specifically professional development opportunities, greater awareness of Extension among state government stakeholders, and continuity in the pursuit of strategic goals despite administrative change. The major implication for Cooperative Extension organizations is that attention to the potential of these unintended outcomes can enhance strategic planning.
Importance of Best Guesses in Emergency Situations
Authors: Nash Arthur , Brown Stephen , Cascio Julie
Published: June 2023

During emergency situations, such as natural disasters or the current pandemic, there may not be immediate access to research-based information or information may be nonexistent or conflicting. In such scenarios, Extension personnel may be required to make best guesses based on “what is known so far.” Depending on the urgency of the situation, Extension personnel should draw on opinions and expertise from diverse networks of people and resources before making a best guess. When making a best guess, the Extension professional should follow up to determine whether any information disseminated and recommendations made were correct or not. In either case, the result should be made known.
Science Communication: Synthesis of Research Findings and Practical Advice from Experienced Communicators
Authors: Jenkins Amy , Grygorczyk Alexandra , Boecker Andreas
Published: June 2023

Use of effective public communication strategies is critical for Extension professionals to successfully navigate challenges faced by the agriculture sector and local community, effect policy changes, and ensure public value for the Extension program. Simply addressing the public knowledge deficit is ineffective for gaining public trust in science. Thus, implementation of public engagement and increased dialogue are central to contemporary Extension practice. Such an approach requires balancing factual knowledge with an engaging and open communication style. We draw on both research findings and advice from experienced science communicators to provide a synthesis of practical tips for achieving this balance. Guidance is given regarding framing, word choices, and common pitfalls.
"Ask the Ag Agent" Weekly Webinar Series: Agriculture-Focused Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bamka William , Komar Stephen , Melendez Meredith , Casella Michelle
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has restricted traditional delivery of Extension programs. Our group of Rutgers agricultural agents responded by developing a weekly webinar series to remotely continue agricultural consultations and provide an open forum for farmers. Pandemic-related topics included farm labor, compliance with state executive orders, supply-chain disruptions, livestock processing, farmer assistance programs, and other issues. Participation from 258 farmers, agricultural agencies, and other groups resulted in effective networking and timely delivery of information to the agriculture industry. By using available online tools, we were able to efficiently deliver Extension programming and resources to agricultural producers and industry partners. Our efforts may be informative for others as needs related to the pandemic evolve.
Policy, Systems, and Environmental Change: A Planning Tool for Community Health Implementation
Authors: Kennedy Lauren , Sneed Christopher , Franck Karen , Norman Heather , Washburn Lisa , Jarvandi Soghra , Mullins Janet
Published: June 2023

Extension educators across the United States are being asked to expand their direct education efforts to include policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) changes. However, professional development opportunities and tools are needed to familiarize Extension professionals with PSE change approaches, build their capacity to implement PSE change, and make the process relevant to their work. We describe a planning tool developed for a unique multistate PSE change intervention training and designed to facilitate the process of PSE change implementation at the local level. An example of the tool and recommendations for others wishing to use it are included.
Revising Curricula Through the Use of Lesson Study
Authors: Smith Mariah , Peterson Donna , Downey Laura
Published: June 2023

The lesson study methodology allows Extension educators to reflect on instructional practices and gather formative data that can be used to refine curricula. We trained Extension educators and formed a community of practice (CoP) of agents who used the lesson study method to inform improvements of a 4-H coding curriculum. The CoP planned and set goals, implemented the lesson, shared formative data, and strategized on how to improve subsequent lessons. They found the lesson study method to be an effective tool for engaging the specialist, other agents, and youths in meaningful dialogue so that curriculum goals could be met.
Qualitative Evaluation of a Future Care Planning Program
Authors: Lee Jeong , Rafferty Katherine , Peitz Louise , Bormann Emily
Published: June 2023

We describe efforts to evaluate the impact of the Future Care Planning (FCP) program. To gain deeper understanding of the context and needs of older adults who attended FCP sessions, we conducted follow-up telephone interviews and a qualitative content analysis of the structured interview calls. We identified areas for which Extension can provide continued support, positive programming impacts, and recommendations for future programming. We discuss how our findings will be used for future efforts addressing the topic for older adults and the implications of our findings and method for others in Extension.
Food Safety Needs Assessment for Georgia Specialty Crops
Authors: Rodrigues Camila , Oleson Beth , Dunn Laurel
Published: June 2023

We conducted a needs assessment to determine food safety resources required by produce growers in Georgia. Most respondents were farm owners (52.5%), food safety managers (48.3%), and/or farm managers (34.2%). The most requested topics for training included how to improve food safety management skills and how to manage a food safety program. Of 120 respondents, 25 were unsure whether their operations were required to comply with the Produce Safety Rule. This information will guide Georgia food safety educators in developing materials and curricula for growers throughout Georgia. Additionally, our survey and findings may be of use to Extension professionals elsewhere in the Southeast and beyond.
Improving Parental Engagement for Latino Youths' Educational Success: Lessons from Juntos Oregon
Authors: Cevallos Daniel , Young Amy , Diazgranados Ana , Reyes Yuridia , Garcia José , Sherman Jeff , Yap Gina
Published: June 2023

Research has shown that more efforts are needed to increase high school completion and postsecondary enrollment among Latino youths. However, little is known regarding efforts that engage both Latino youths and their parents. To address this gap, we surveyed Juntos Oregon participants to examine the school and community context Latino youths and their families face in the educational journey and identify effects of the Juntos program. Results showed that in a context of persistent discrimination and unfair treatment, Juntos workshops increased the sense of school and community connectedness among Latino parents. Increases in academic planning and motivation occurred as well. Extension may increase its educational impact by strengthening connections and promoting engagement between schools and Latino families.
Impact of a Language and Literacy Training and Coaching Intervention on Early Childhood Outcomes in Low-Income Communities
Authors: Byington Teresa , Kim YaeBin
Published: June 2023

We implemented an Extension-led language and literacy training and coaching intervention targeting preschool teachers and children in low-income communities in Nevada. Participation in the intervention had a positive influence on the language and literacy instruction skills of preschool teachers and language and literacy skills of children. Analysis of 40 preschool classrooms and 199 preschoolers over 3 years of data collection identified improvements in general classroom environments and teachers' language and literacy practices. Preschoolers demonstrated improvements in alphabet knowledge, comprehension, phonological awareness, vocabulary, and oral language. Extension professionals elsewhere may use a similar approach to positively affect the achievement gap of at-risk children.
Using Playbooks to Guide Leadership Transitions in Voluntary Groups and Community Organizations
Authors: Dougherty Michael , Nix Kelly
Published: June 2023

Leadership changes can result in confusion for voluntary groups or community organizations. Traditionally, new leaders have received board training or been expected to learn by doing or reviewing existing policies. The National Association of Community Development Extension Professionals (NACDEP) took a new approach, with those in leadership roles developing "playbooks" to guide incoming leaders. The process has proved to be successful for NACDEP and is now being replicated by other organizations.
Tips for Using Photovoice in Evaluation of Extension Programs
Authors: Keller Kimberly , Mott Rebecca
Published: June 2023

Photovoice is a technique in which a facilitator guides a participant to produce a photograph and accompanying caption that reflects the participant's unique views regarding a topic. The photovoice process is designed to be used with a wide range of audiences. This article describes ways Extension educators can incorporate photovoice into the evaluation of Extension programs and identifies issues they should consider when doing so.
Are Beginning and Small-Scale Farmers Drawn to Diversification? Ten Years' Findings From Ohio
Authors: Mariola Matthew , Moledina Amyaz , Nye Larry
Published: June 2023

Diversifying a farm's production operations or marketing channels can boost income and raise farm survival rates. But are beginning and small-scale farmers inclined toward a strategy of diversification? We analyzed 578 attendee surveys from 10 years of an Extension workshop for new and small-scale farmers in Ohio. We investigated the farming profile of beginning and small-scale farmers, the degree to which they are interested in pursuing diversified farming, and whether these interests vary by gender. We found evidence that new and small-scale farmers are interested in alternatives to commodity grain farming, that these alternatives are associated with diversified farming systems, and that some specific diversification interests vary by gender.
National 4-H Hippology and Livestock Skillathon Contests Affect Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Tomoson Savanna , Nold Rosemarie
Published: June 2023

Using a mixed model, we evaluated effects of national 4-H hippology and livestock skillathon contests on youths' content knowledge, 21st century skills, and postsecondary plans. Hippology participants gained significant knowledge in all topics except breeds, and livestock skillathon contestants gained significant knowledge in all topics. The contests were similar in their effects on development of 21st century skills and postsecondary plans. Gains in content knowledge indicate that contest preparation is an effective method for increasing youths' technical knowledge. Additionally, findings suggest that contest preparation is a viable venue for 21st century skill development and that such skill development is not specific to topic.
Mentoring in Action Model—Exploring the Mentoring Process in Nebraska Extension
Authors: Mueller Ashley
Published: June 2023

One method used by Extension organizations to orient new professionals is mentoring, yet gaps exist in the research on mentoring within Extension. Through focus group interviews and a materials review, I explored the mentoring process in Nebraska Extension. Using a semistructured interview approach, I asked Extension educators about their mentoring experiences, and I reviewed an organizational mentoring packet. From my findings, I constructed the mentoring in action model, which explains mentorship in Nebraska Extension. The model shows that mentoring is built on two mentoring structures and two primary characteristics of effective mentoring relationships. The study findings can inform mentoring strategies Extension may use to orient new employees to their roles and responsibilities.
Investigating the above-ground biomass values of sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Csatári Gábor , Koroknai Judit , Basal Oqba , Görögh Panna , Kovács Szilvia
Published: June 2023

The role of sweet potato tubers in human nutrition is not new. The above-ground biomass of sweet potatoes is not used for nutritional purposes in most countries, but it has a high biological value. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the production of press fibre from above ground biomass by wet fractionation. Two sweet potato varieties (purple- and white-fleshed sweet potato) and two types of irrigation system were used: bubbling water flow system (BWS) and continuous water flow system (CWS). Glucan, xylan, arabinan were analysed by HPLC and elemental content was measured by ICP-OES. Our results show that the total carbohydrate content in the pressed fibre of the leaf blades (27.64–29.88 %w/w) is lower than in the stem with petiole (51.14–57.36 %w/w). No significant difference in glucan, xylan and arabinan content was observed in the leaf blade. In the stem with petiole, significant differences were observed for xylan and arabinan contents. For elemental content, generally higher values were measured in the leaf blade than in the stem with petiole. This information may be relevant for the selection of the appropriate variety and treatment, even for the production of functional food.
Evaluation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to salinity stress
Authors: Sobh Mawia , Zargar Tahoora Batool , Basal Oqba , Veres Szilvia
Published: June 2023

Soil salinity is a severe and expanding soil degradation problem that affects 80 million ha of arable lands globally. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is very sensitive to saline conditions; the most susceptible genotypes may die in just 25 mM NaCl in hydroponics. Approximately 8–10% yield loss in chickpea production is estimated due to salinity stress. However, it is still not established why chickpea is so susceptible to salt affection. Salinity (NaCl) impedes germination of seeds, though chickpea varieties considerably differ from one another in this respect. Some chickpea genotypes are more tolerant in the stage of germination, tolerating even 320 mM NaCl. The reasons of this variation are unrevealed; there is a shortage of knowledge about the germination abilities of chickpea genotypes in saline conditions. Nevertheless, the effect of salt stress on vegetative growth can be analysed in hydroponics, in pot or field conditions, regardless the experimental environment, the ranking of genotypes regarding salt resistance is coherent. Chickpea genotypes can be different in their ability to retain water, maybe under salt affection; the more salt tolerant lines can maintain higher water content in the shoots, while the more sensitive ones cannot. The identification of salt tolerant chickpea landraces based on developing genetic variability is a suitable strategy to combat against salinity problems arising in arid and semi-arid areas.
Effect of harvesting time on the vitamin C content and yield of chili pepper
Authors: Silva e Souza Clarice , Agyemang Duah Stella , Pék Zoltán , Ráth Szilvia , Helyes Lajos , Daood Hussein
Published: June 2023

For thousands of years, chili pepper has been used in cooking intensifying the aroma, colouring, and even flavouring with its pungency. Today ,it is also of interest for the various food and pharmaceutical industries due to its intrinsic characteristics. These characteristics of pepper and its yield can be affected by both the variety and the temperature fluctuation throughout the harvest period. The current work's objective was to investigate the effect of harvest time on vitamin C of different varieties of chili pepper C. frutescens and C. annuum cultivated in Hungary, as well as the yield of pepper in different harvesting periods. Vitamin C was determined by HPLC protocols. The differences between harvest times and varieties were analysed using Tukey post hoc test at 5%. All varieties showed fluctuation of vitamin C level, depending on the given harvest date. At the last harvest, all varieties had higher vitamin C content. All varieties had the same yield trend throughout the year but with different yields between each. Variety Hetényi Parázs had the highest vitamin C content and yield: 3720.53 µg g-1 vitamin C and 18.63 t ha-1 average yield, respectively.
A Research of the Influence of Quantum Annealing Parameters on the Quality of the Solution of the Number Factorization Problem
Authors: Korolyov Vyacheslav , Khodzinskyi Oleksandr
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Modern information security systems use methods of asymmetric cryptography to transfer encryption keys, which are based on the high computational complexity of factorization of large numbers. Quantum computers (QCs) theoretically make it possible to accelerate the solution of the problem of factorization of numbers in comparison with classical computers and pose a potential threat to information security systems. However, real QCs have a limited number of connections between them and problems with preserving a stable low temperature, which reduces the probability of detecting a global minimum.
The joint use of QCs with classical computers based on hybrid cloud services is advisable when the search for the optimal solution by direct methods is a complex problem both in the theoretical sense and in the sense of the required amount of calculations for tasks with specific data.
The article proposes a method for improving the accuracy of solving the factorization problem based on multiple minimum search by the method of hardware reverse quantum annealing with a variation of its parameters. The results of numerical experiments for two different QC processors and a hybrid quantum-classical computer by D-Wave are presented, it is shown that the maximum number that can be factorized exclusively by direct annealing is 143, and with a combination of direct and reverse annealing 255.
The purpose. Examination of the influence of the parameters of quantum annealing and the corresponding solutions for the adiabatic CC, developed by D-Wave, on the quality of the solution of the factorization problem. To give recommendations for improving the accuracy of solving the factorization problem and increasing the statistical frequency of the appearance of correct pairs of multipliers.
Results. Numerical experiments have shown that for the problem of factorization of numbers, the successive application of direct and reverse annealing makes it possible to improve the probability of obtaining the correct pair of multipliers and to more than double the statistical frequency of its occurrence.
Quantum annealing modes: pause and quenching reduce the probability of obtaining the correct solution and worsen the statistical frequency of the appearance of correct pairs of multipliers.
Conclusions. The use of direct and reverse annealing makes it possible to increase the probability of obtaining the correct solution of the factorization problem for the adiabatic QC of D-Wave. Increasing the calculation time of the problem is justified, since it allows increasing the probability of a correct solution. The use of hybrid quantum-classical computing and cloud services allows factorization for numbers with a bit depth of up to twenty-two bits. Keywords: quantum annealing, factorization of natural numbers, asymmetric shifts, hardening, reverse annealing, combinatorial optimization.
«Vertrauen mit den Frauen»
Authors: Waibel Nadja
Published: June 2023

Die Rolle der Frau in der katholischen Kirche ist ein viel debattiertes Thema. Die Erfahrungen der Frauen, die in der katholischen Kirche berufstätig sind, wurden und werden dabei jedoch kaum beachtet. Nadja Waibel untersucht in ihrer Dissertation die Biografien von 21 Gemeindeleiterinnen und Pfarreibeauftragten aus der deutschsprachigen Schweiz. Mittels der Methodik der Grounded Theory entwickelt sie in der Analyse der durchgeführten Interviews eine Theorie der Typisierung, um so die zugrunde liegenden Biografien zu vergleichen. Die Studie dokumentiert die geografisch, historisch und pastoraltheologisch einmalige kirchliche Entwicklung und gibt den in der katholischen Kirche engagierten Frauen eine Stimme. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse leisten einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Frauenforschung und zur pastoraltheologischen Diskussion der Gemeindeleitung.
Nafarroa Behereko hiru eskutitz
Authors: Kamino Kaminondo Peio , Salaberri Zaratiegi Patxi
Published: June 2023

Lan honetan Nafarroa Behereko euskaran idatzitako hiru gutun ematen ditugu argitara, lehenik egileak –Leon Erdozaintzik– izkiriatu zituen modu berean, gero egungo grafiarekin eta azkenik gaztelaniara itzulita. Eskutitz hauek 1913, 1916 eta 1918koak dira, hots, aurrenekoa Lehen Mundu Gerlaren aitzinekoa eta beste biak gerla garaikoak. Argentinan idatzi zituen egileak, anaiari igorri ziona toka eta aitari zuzendutakoak begiramenezko zuka alokutiboan.
Correspondencia Y. Zytsar-L. Michelena
Authors: Zytsar Yuri Vl. , Serrano Roberto
Published: June 2023

Tenemos ante nosotros una colección de cartas dirigidas a Yuri Zytsar que nos muestran a un Luis Michelena humano, trabajador, abierto a las colaboraciones de todo el mundo, interesado en todas las aportaciones que la lengua vasca pueda recibir, pero sobre todo se nos muestra un Luis didáctico, orientador, maestro, motivador y formador de vascólogos a lo largo de todo el planeta. Las cartas abarcan desde el 20 de septiembre de 1967 hasta el 15 de septiembre del 68. Incluimos la primera carta que recibió Zytsar desde la dirección de la revista FLV.
POLITIK HUKUM DI DALAM HAK KEBEBASAN BERPENDAPAT PADA UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Mahardika Ahmad Gelora
Published: June 2023

Human rights are an essential part of the constitution. Therefore, any regulations should place human rights as the main paradigm in their formation process. Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Book of Criminal Code is a legal product emerged from a prolonged process. It is since the Indonesian legal system has a dream to have criminal law regulations that are in line with the values of the Indonesian nation. This concept is based on the fact that the previous Book of Criminal Code was a colonial legacy which of course was not in line with the traditions of the Indonesian nation. However, the existence of Articles 217 and 240 paragraph (1) of book of Criminal Codes which provide criminal sanctions for perpetrators of insulting against state institutions, government or President raises concerns that Indonesian law stands upright not to be in line with human rights principles. Based on that review, this article aims to answer the question of what it is the ideal political law related to insulting against President, state institutions or government to ensure that the Indonesian legal system is in line with human rights values, especially the right to freedom of speech. Normative juridical with comparative study was applied in this study. The hypothesis was that the provisions in Articles 217 and 240 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 2023 contradict to human rights values.
Keywords: human rights, law, government
 
Hak asasi manusia merupakan bagian penting dalam konstitusi. Oleh karena itulah, setiap regulasi apapun sepatutnya menempatkan hak asasi manusia sebagai paradigma utama dalam proses pembetukannya. UU Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang KUHP merupakan produk hukum yang lahir dari proses yang berkepanjangan. Hal itu disebabkan, sistem hukum Indonesia mempunyai mimpi untuk mempunyai peraturan hukum pidana yang selaras dengan nilai-nilai bangsa Indonesia. Konsep tersebut disebabkan KHUP sebelumnya merupakan warisan kolonial yang tentu saja tidak selaras dan sejalan dengan tradisi bangsa Indonesia. Akan tetapi, adanya Pasal 217 dan 240 ayat (1) KHUP yang memberikan sanksi pidana bagi pelaku penghinaan terhadap lembaga negara, pemerintah atau Presiden memunculkan kekhawatiran bahwa hukum Indonesia justru berdiri tegak untuk tidak sejalan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Berdasarkan hal tersebutlah, artikel ini hendak menjawab pertanyaan bagaimanakah politik hukum yang ideal terkait penghinaan terhadap Presiden, lembaga negara atau pemerintah untuk memastikan sistem hukum Indonesia selaras dengan nilai-nilai HAM khususnya hak untuk menyatakan pendapat. Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan studi komparatif. Hipotesis dalam artikel ini adalah bahwa ketentuan dalam Pasal 217 dan 240 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai hak asasi manusia.
Kata Kunci : Hak Asasi Manusia, Hukum, Pemerintah.