COVID-19 vaccination-related delayed adverse events among people with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the international COVAD survey
Authors: Dey Mrinalini , Doskaliuk Bohdana , Parodis Ioannis , Lindblom Julius , Wincup Chris , Joshi Mrudula , Dey Dzifa , Katchamart Wanruchada , Kadam Esha , Sen Parikshit , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki , Nune Arvind , Goo Phonpen Akarawatcharangura , Ziade Nelly , Chen Yi Ming , Traboco Lisa S. , Gutiérrez Carlos Enrique Toro , Vaidya Binit , Agarwal Vikas , Gupta Latika , Nikiphorou Elena ,   COVAD Study Group, Naveen R , Saha Sreoshy , Tan Ai Lyn , Kuwana Masataka , Yoshida Akira , Yomono Keina , Pauling John D. , Makol Ashima , Day Jessica , Chatterjee Tulika , Cavagna Lorenzo , Agarwal Vishwesh , Milchert Marcin , Distler Oliver , Chinoy Hector , Valikova Tsvetelina , Gracia-Ramos Abraham Edgar , Knitza Johannes , Patel Aarat , Barman Bhupen , Tehozol Erick Adrian Zamora , Serrano Jorge Rojas , La Torre Ignacio García-De , Colunga-Pedraza Iris J. , Merayo-Chalico Javier , Chibuzo Okwara Celestine , Shumnalieva Russka , Hoff Leonardo Santos , Kibbi Lina , Halabi Hussein , Hasan A. T. M Tanveer , Caballero-Uribe Carlo V. , Lilleker James B. , Salim Babur , Gheita Tamer , Saavedra Miguel A. , Kardes Sinan , Andreoli Laura , Lini Daniele , Schreiber Karen , Vince Melinda Nagy , Singh Yogesh Preet , Ranjan Rajiv , Jain Avinash , Pandya Sapan C. , Pilania Rakesh Kumar , Sharma Aman , Manoj M. Manesh , Gupta Vikas , Kavadichanda Chengappa G. , Patro Pradeepta Sekhar , Ajmani Sajal , Phatak Sanat , Goswami Rudra Prosad , Chowdhury Abhra Chandra , Mathew Ashish Jacob , Shenoy Padnamabha , Asranna Ajay , Bommakanti Keerthi Talari , Shukla Anuj , Pande Arunkumar R. , Chandwar Kunal , Ghodke Akanksha , Boro Hiya , Fazal Zoha Zahid , Cansu Döndü Üsküdar , Yıldırım Reşit , Gasparyan Armen Yuri , Papa Nicoletta , Sambataro Gianluca , Fabiola Atzeni , Govoni Marcello , Parisi Simone , Bocci Elena Bartoloni , Sebastiani Gian Domenico , Fusaro Enrico , Sebastiani Marco , Quartuccio Luca , Franceschini Franco , Sainaghi Pier Paolo , Orsolini Giovanni , Angelis Rossella , Danielli Maria Giovanna , Venerito Vincenzo , Grignaschi Silvia , Giollo Alessandro , Alluno Alessia , Ioannone Florenzo , Fornaro Marco , Wibowo Suryo Anggoro Kusumo , Loarce-Martos Jesús , Prieto-González Sergio , Gonzalez Raquel Aranega , Nakashima Ran , Sato Shinji , Kimura Naoki , Kaneko Yuko , Gono Takahisa , Tomaras Stylianos , Proft Fabian Nikolai , Holzer Marie-Therese , Gromova Margarita Aleksandrovna , Aharonov Or , Griger Zoltán , Hmamouchi Ihsane , bouchti Imane , Baba Zineb , Giannini Margherita , Maurier François , Campagne Julien , Meyer Alain , Langguth Daman , Limaye Vidya , Needham Merrilee , Srivastav Nilesh , Hudson Marie , Landon-Cardinal Océane , Zuleta Wilmer Gerardo Rojas , Arbeláez Álvaro , Cajas Javier , Silva José António Pereira , Fonseca João Eurico , Zimba Olena , Bohdana Doskaliuk , Ima-Edomwonyi Uyi , Dedeke Ibukunoluwa , Airenakho Emorinken , Madu Nwankwo Henry , Yerima Abubakar , Olaosebikan Hakeem , Becky A. , Koussougbo Oruma Devi , Palalane Elisa , So Ho , Ugarte-Gil Manuel Francisco , Chinchay Lyn , Bernaola José Proaño , Pimentel Victorio , Fathi Hanan Mohammed , Mohammed Reem Hamdy A. , Harifi Ghita , Fuentes-Silva Yurilís , Cabriza Karoll , Losanto Jonathan , Colaman Nelly , Cachafeiro-Vilar Antonio , Bautista Generoso Guerra , Ho Enrique Julio Giraldo , Nunez Lilith Stange , Cristian Vergara M. , Báez Jossiell Then , Alonzo Hugo , Pastelin Carlos Benito Santiago , Salinas Rodrigo García , Obiols Alejandro Quiñónez , Chávez Nilmo , Ordóñez Andrea Bran , Llerena Gil Alberto Reyes , Sierra-Zorita Radames , Arrieta Dina , Hidalgo Eduardo Romero , Saenz Ricardo , Idania Escalante M. , Calapaqui Wendy , Quezada Ivonne , Arredondo Gabriela 
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccination-related AEs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in the COVID-19 Vaccination in Autoimmune Diseases (COVAD)-2 study. An online international cross-sectional survey captured self-reported data on COVID-19 vaccination-related adverse events (AEs) in people with RA, autoimmune diseases (AIDs; rheumatic [r] and non-rheumatic [nr]) and healthy controls (HCs). The survey was circulated by the COVAD study group, comprising 157 collaborators across 106 countries, from February to June 2022. Delayed AEs among RA were compared with other rAIDs, nrAIDs and HCs using multivariable binary regression. A total of 7203 participants were included (1423 [19.7%] RA, 2620 [36.4%] rAIDs, 426 [5.9%] nrAIDs, 2734 [38%] HCs), with 75% female. Compared to HCs, individuals with RA reported higher overall major AEs [OR 1.3 (1.0–1.7)], and an increased number of several minor AEs. Compared to nrAIDs, people with RA had several increased reported minor AEs including myalgia and joint pain. People with active RA had increased major AEs [OR 1.8 (1.1–3.0)] and hospitalisation [OR 4.1 (1.3 – 13.3)] compared to inactive RA. RA patients without autoimmune comorbidities had significantly fewer major and minor AEs than those with other rAIDs. A decreased incidence of hospitalisation was seen in patients taking methotrexate or TNF inhibitors compared to patients not taking these medications. COVID-19 vaccination is associated with minimal to no risks of delayed AEs in patients with RA compared to HCs, and fewer compared to other rAIDs. Active RA and presence of co-existing rAIDs were associated with an increased risk of delayed AEs.