bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical principles of microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasonography – a review
Authors: Iuamoto Takeda Cristina Satiko , Carvalho Cibele Figueira , Chammas Maria Cristina
Published: February 2024

Ultrasonography is an imaging diagnosis technique that reflects and incorporates technological innovations very fast. The use of ultrasound contrast agents is relatively recent in human medicine and even more so in veterinary medicine. This technique has presented promising results in the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. In Brazil, the use of ultrasound contrast agents depends only on approval by the National Agency for Sanitary Vigilance (ANVISA). However, their use is conditioned to the presence of special features in the equipment, which in general require technological complexity. We therefore reviewed the literature on the physical principles of medical ultrasonography with contrast by microbubbles, in order to improve the understanding of this new technique, as well as the potential side effects of contrast agents currently used.
Evaluation of salivary IL-10 and IL-8 as predictive biomarker in patient with oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Taher Mustafa , Al-Drobie Ban , Al-Mahdawi Fatimah Kadim Ibrahim Al-Mahdawi
Published: February 2024

Background: The incidence and mortality rates of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) vary globally, yet the cancer continues to pose significant morbidity and mortality risks. This study sought to assess salivary IL-8 and IL-10 as biomarkers for identifying malignant oral lesions. 
Methods: Between March 2022 and May 2023, a case-control study at the Dental Center of New Baquba, Diyala, Iraq, collected saliva for IL-8 and IL-10 measurement via ELISA. An independent t-test compared IL-8 and IL-10 means based on age and gender, while ROC analysis gauged specificity and sensitivity.
Results: The prevalence of OSCC was evenly distributed across genders, with a higher occurrence among patients aged over 55 years (87.5%). OSCC distribution in the oral cavity indicated the lips as the most affected area (40.0%), followed by the tongue (37.0%), and the hard and soft palate (12.50%). Statistically significant differences were noted in IL-10 and IL-8 levels between the study and control groups across all age brackets, except for IL-8 in the age ≤55 (p ≤ 0.05). Elevated mean levels of IL-10 and IL-8 were observed in the older age group (>55), with IL-10 showing a greater increase in males (71.99±3.6), while IL-8 levels were higher in females. IL-10 demonstrated higher sensitivity (90%) and specificity (60%) with an optimal cutoff point value of 43.29, whereas IL-8 exhibited a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 47.5% with an optimal cutoff point value of 44.48.
Conclusion: Individuals aged over 55 showed higher IL-10 and IL-8 levels, particularly in males for IL-10 and in females for IL-8. Salivary biomarkers hold promise for early OSCC detection.
Metodologia para análise da viabilidade de implantação de geração fotovoltaica em habitações populares
Authors: Espírito Santo Franciele de Libero , Barbosa Guedes Carmen Luísa , Chico Piai Paiva Juliani
Published: February 2024

A busca pela eficiência energética, tanto no uso final, quanto na geração de energia elétrica, tem sido impulsionada em todo o mundo. No Brasil, desde 2007, a Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional e Urbano (CDHU) decidiu consolidar sua posição, não só como produtora de Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS), mas como uma agente promotora de sustentabilidade do setor construtivo no estado de São Paulo. Pensando a energia elétrica, a primeira iniciativa foi a instalação de Sistemas de Aquecedores Solares (SAS) de água para o uso do chuveiro. O segundo passo consistiria na implementação de painéis fotovoltaicos para gerar eletricidade no local. Dessa forma, as HIS se tornariam menos dependentes da eletricidade da rede de distribuição, elevando a qualidade de vida das famílias através da redução das despesas. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia de avaliação da viabilidade técnica e econômica para a instalação associada de painéis fotovoltaicos e aquecimento solar de água em habitações populares já construídas. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso em um conjunto habitacional, localizado na cidade de Adamantina - São Paulo. O resultado obtido foi positivo, indicando que não são necessárias adequações construtivas e a Taxa de Retorno do Investimento (TIR) é maior que o custo de oportunidade de um investimento em renda fixa. Além disso, a metodologia desenvolvida para a avaliação de viabilidade pode ser replicada em diferentes empreendimentos e, se verificada a praticabilidade de implantação da geração fotovoltaica, associada as medidas de eficiência energética já regulamentadas, será um avanço na garantia dos direitos sociais das famílias de baixa renda.
Estudo comparativo sobre o desempenho da microgeração fotovoltaica em localidades de climas distintos
Authors: Diniz Alexandre Magno Ferreira , Santos Neto Manoel Barbosa dos
Published: February 2024

A microgeração distribuída fotovoltaica está cada vez mais presente nas residências e em pequenos comércios. O monitoramento e supervisão regular de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Distribuídos (SFD) conectados à rede de distribuição são importantes e necessários para garantir uma geração de energia ótima e confiável. O objetivo da pesquisa é fazer uma análise de desempenho comparativa por meio dos índices de méritos de SFD instalados em duas instituições de ensino tecnológico situadas nas regiões Nordeste e Sul do Brasil. O SFD do Instituto Federal do Ceará (IFCE) está situado no interior do Nordeste, nas coordenadas geográficas 7° 14' 14'' Sul e 39° 19' 20'' Oeste. O SFD da Universidade Tecnológica do Paraná (UTFPR) está situado no Sul, nas coordenadas geográficas 25° 30' 16'' Sul e 49° 19' 5'' Oeste. As análises consideram os índices de mérito de final yield, reference yield e taxa de desempenho para o período de um ano. Os resultados do final yield apontaram que o SFD IFCE gerou em média anual 20% a mais que o SFD UTFPR. O índice performance ratio para ambos SFD do IFCE e UTFPR mostra uma média anual em torno de 73%, que está próximo dos valores de referências mundiais, geralmente em torno de 80%. A curva da taxa de desempenho do SFD IFCE é quase linear e encontra-se na faixa de 70 a 80%. Para o SFD UTFPR essa mesma curva tem maior variação e encontra-se na faixa de 60 a 80%. Mesmo com a grande diferença climática entre as regiões, os resultados demonstraram que a geração de energia em ambos SFD tem excelentes desempenhos, sendo uma fonte alternativa de energia viável para minimizar a pressão pela geração nas hidrelétricas.
Experimental Study on Light Weight Concrete Bricks by Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate with Styrofoam
Authors:   Federal University of Technology, Minna,Nigerstate, Nigeria, B. A. Abbas , J. Abubakar ,   Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Benuestate , Nigeria, N. A. Sulaimon ,   Federal University of Technology, Minna,Nigerstate, Nigeria, A. N. Ahmadu ,   Federal University of Technology, Minna,Nigerstate, Nigeria
Published: February 2024

This study investigated into the effect of Styrofoam used as partial replacement for fine aggregate on properties of concrete bricks such as absorption, density and compressive strength. Furthermore, the optimum Styrofoam content in concrete bricks which meet minimum values specified by local codes was recommended afterwards. Styrofoam content at 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1% and 2% were used in this research. Other constituents of the concrete bricks include: water, cement, sand and Bida Natural Gravel (BNG) in the ratio: 0.5:1:4:2 respectively. Absorption of concrete bricks were taking after 24 hours, 7 days and 28 days. Absorption increased with increasing Styrofoam content but decreased with increasing curing days. For density, there was a significant decrease in weight as the Styrofoam increased in the concrete bricks. Also, compressive strength was inversely proportional to Styrofoam content. At 28 days, absorption of concrete bricks was 2.5%, 5.6% and 8.5% for 0%, 0.2% and 0.4% Styrofoam content respectively. For compressive strength at 7 days, the values were 6.7, 2.9 and 2.0 N/mm2 at 0%, 0.2% and 0.4% Styrofoam content respectively. Furthermore, at 28 days, compressive strength improved to 9.9, 3.8 and 2.1 N/mm2 at 0%, 0.2% and 0.4% Styrofoam content respectively. In conclusion, this research recommended Styrofoam content ranging from 0.2% to 0.4% for use in concrete bricks production as the values for absorption and compressive strength were within minimum requirement as specified by local codes.
The Impact of Erasmus+ Mobilities on European Identity: Insights from Sofia University
Authors:   Sofia University ", Hristova Penka ,   St. Kliment Ohridski,â€ Bulgaria, Hristozova Katerina ,   Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski,â€ Bulgaria
Published: February 2024

Student mobilities and the Erasmus Programme have sought to promote academic and cultural exchange, and to develop European identity and the feeling of belonging to the European Union. Nevertheless, there are few studies addressing the ways in which participation in the programme affects the development of European identity. This paper contributes to the generation of more knowledge on this issue by presenting results from scientific research aiming to detect the impact of the Erasmus+ Programme on the language skills and the European identity of students from SU â€˜St. Kliment Ohridski,â€™ and who participated in mobilities under the Erasmus+ Programme during the period 2015-2019. The methodology includes various quantitative and qualitative methods, including a questionnaire, and semi-structured interviews with participants in the programme.
Feasts and Ancient Greek Dance: Live Texts and Key Symbols
Authors:   National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, Bekakos Sotirios
Published: February 2024

Feasts and ancient Greek dance are two key elements of the ancient world that can be studied in an anthropological perspective. These two elements are strictly connected in ancient Greek culture. In previous studies, I attempted to focus on the dialectal elements of the feast in Southern Italian romance and Greek dialects, to illustrate the persistence of the feast as linguistic and cultural elements that symbolize the memory of a community (Bekakos 2009, pp. 29â€“51). In this paper, feasts and ancient Greek dance are discussed as linguistic, social, and cultural phenomena, and as a case study, I chose the island of Salamina, near Piraeus, for its rich undiscovered ancient Greek cultural elements.
Language, Identity and Militantism in Contemporary Corsica. An investigation from a tradition of improvised singing called â€œchjamâ€™Ã¨ rispondiâ€
Authors:   UniversitÃ  di Corsica Pasquale Paoli, France, Ragni Giovanni ,   UniversitÃ  degli studi di Firenze, Italy
Published: February 2024

The contribution presented here intends, through the study of a tradition of improvised singing in the Corsican language, locally known as â€˜chjama Ã¨ rispondi,â€™ which is still alive, to highlight the multiple implications that the persistence of this practice conveys. In a context of a deep â€˜linguistic conflict,â€™ where a language and a culture (French) are perceived as 'dominant' in certain cases, â€˜chjama Ã¨ rispondiâ€™ takes shape as an instrument of linguistic appropriation and refinement, through which one can reaffirm one's belonging to a land, to a people, in the terms in use today in the globalised world, such as 'identity.â€™ The role of the impruvisatori (improvisers), who has become linguistic specialists, is invested with new meanings and an unprecedented standing on today's Corsican scene. How can a specific savoir-faire such as that of sung improvisation trigger processes of identification and militantism within contemporary Corsican society?
New Methodological Orientations of Greek Folklore
Authors:   Democritus University of Thrace, Greece, Varvounis Manolis
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the theoretical and methodological changes that determine Greek folklore in the first two decades of the 21st century are examined. Also, I include the collaboration and the fruitful dialogue of folklore with the social anthropology in Greece, and its scientific results. The study of folk culture, as established by older folklorists, focused on cultural continuities, for reasons amply discussed in the relevant bibliography. However, the perception of cultural transformation in the area of folk culture also led to the study of a series of exemplary modern or postmodern phenomena from contemporary or modern folklore, where the correlation with the historical, social and cultural parameters now became mandatory. Therefore, the dominant concept of cultural differentiation was introduced to the fields of folklore and ethnography, too, especially in the form of the study of modernist (and, as a rule, urban) phenomena. The older forms of Greek folklore relate to the agro-livestock economy of the societies that gave birth to and â€˜consumedâ€™ them. This paper refers to Greek popular culture, both in the traditional and in modern and popular forms and expressions. In any case, â€˜traditionâ€™ constitutes the basis of folk culture events, with regards to the concepts of the symbolic functionality of ritual forms and the strategies for acquiring social prestige, where the latter is often the driving force of the various folklore events. Indeed, social prestige is often the connective link of each commune, a fact repeated up to the present, despite the changes in the traditional communesâ€™ social base and status.
The Lexicon of Wealth in Hellenistic Poetry: Between Continuity and Recomposition Τὸ Ἄφενος, and Ἀφνειός, η, ον
Authors:   UJM Saint-Étienne, University of Lyon, France, Coin-Longeray Sandrine
Published: February 2024

In my book Poésie de la richesse et de la pauvreté. Étude du vocabulaire de la richesse et de la pauvreté dans la poésie grecque antique, d'Homère à Aristophane : ἄφενος, ὄλβος, πλοῦτος, πενία, πτωχός (Publications de l’université de Saint-Étienne, 2014), the study in particular of the theme of wealth showed how closely its stylistic uses are connected to the socio-political contexts in which poetic practice is embedded. In the epic, wealth is glorifying for the hero and a marker of social status and quality: If the situation is comparable for the choral lyrics, in a context of sporting victory and tyrannical government, it appears very different in the Athenian theatre, where material prosperity questions inequalities and the democratic process. In Hellenistic poetry, the expression of wealth evolves in a world characterized by the extension of Greek culture, the restriction of political questioning and simultaneously the passage of «public» poetry made for the greatest number of people, and an elitist poetry largely based on a high cultural and literary level. I detail both the continuity (epic imitation with ἄφενος, tragic uses of ὄλβος) and the ruptures (remoteness of the lexical field of wealth for ὄλβος, and complete absence of πλοῦτος).
Unbounded Languages â€“ Translanguaging as the New Language
Authors:   Ritsumeikan University, Japan, Kunschak Claudia , Strotmann Birgit ,   Comillas Pontifical University, Spain
Published: February 2024

With globalization, multilingualism has replaced monolingualism as the prevalent paradigm across the disciplines, from sociolinguistics to linguistic anthropology to applied linguistics to education, be it from the angle of superdiversity (Blommaert and Rampton 2011), metrolingualism (Pennycook and Otsuji 2015) or translanguaging (GarcÃ­a and Wei 2014). We are witnessing an era where multilingualism from below, which has always existed, is increasingly supported by multilingualism from above in language policy and planning via plurilingual pluricultural competence (Council of Europe 2018), innovative language pedagogy such as Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) (Coyle, Hood and Marsh 2010), and creative use of English as a Lingua Franca (Seidlhofer and Widdowson 2009; Jenkins 2017). However, it is not just English that serves this purpose, but also French and Arabic in the Mediterranean region, and Spanish (Godenzzi 2006) or Chinese further afield (Li 2006). The study examines these new language constellations at the example of three multilingual degree programs at a small, private university in Spain with a strong international projection, a multilingual student population, and equally multilingual / multicultural faculty. Superimposed on the already multilingual and multivarietal structure of the Spanish peninsula, with its largest foreign cohort speaking Latin-American varieties, the languages and language combinations emerging from this study include students' home languages, languages of study, lingua francas, and creative language practices. It was the purpose of the study to identify affordances and challenges in developing translingual transcultural competence (Geisler et al. 2007), that is, the ability to operate between languages, reflect on the world and self through another language and culture, as well as develop critical language awareness and social sensitivity. Based on a survey conducted among students from fresher to graduating class, interviews and focus groups with students, teachers, and administrators, as well as a document analysis of study plans and language requirements, the study aims to document emerging language practices and translingual transcultural competence as well as the factors that support or hinder this development. While English and Spanish are clearly the dominant languages, third and fourth languages play a significant role among both students and faculty. It will be argued that translingual dispositions (Lee and Canagarajah 2019) are widely held, and that instead of cultivating a series of discrete linguistic stills, â€œtranslanguaging is the language of the futureâ€ as one of the subjects quipped.
Politics of French in Canada: Reminiscence of Past European History with a New Twist
Authors:   University of Calgary, Canada, Roy Sylvie
Published: February 2024

Languages in Canada, especially French, continue to reflect the history and power domination of its European origins. French is one of the official languages of Canada, but is also a minority language for some of its communities outside of the province of QuÃ©bec, which is situated in Eastern Canada. It is protected by strong ideological and political influence, and by law. In this paper, I would like to reflect on how historical, cultural, and social aspects of French are reproduced and also on how transnational fluidity and multilingual practices are deconstructing or unbounding the idea of how French is seen in one Canadian province: Alberta. This Western Province has a strong conservative base and still has issue with French being an official language, a reminiscence of the past. Drawing on my work (Roy 2020), I take a sociolinguistic for change perspective, where historical and social understandings allow for critical view of ideologies and social change. I also examine and investigate social processes (e.g., social categorization, marginalization, etc.), and how ideologies can impact as well as impede processes of social identity construction and socialization into language pedagogies. In addition, I employ Pennycook and Makoniâ€™s (2020) idea that, as researchers, we will self-reflect and be open to adopt a dialectic and multiple perspectives on the data collected. My data arises from longitudinal and sociolinguistic ethnographic studies in Alberta over a period of 15 years. Here, I interviewed participants (students, parents, administrators, teachers) in schools, particularly French immersion schools, as well as outside schools, in order to locate discourses related to French, where those discourses come from, and the long-term effects of those discourses, particularly for those learning French. I also include new data collected with multilingual students learning French. By looking at new discourses from multilingual youth learning French, and by observing their repertoires, I can demonstrate how the â€˜oldâ€™ can be unbounded by youthâ€™s everyday practices.
A Minority Language in the Shadow of the State Language: Bilingual Communication of Mayorâ€™s Office
Authors:   Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia, Schulcz Patrik , SzabÃ³mihÃ¡ly Gizella ,   Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia
Published: February 2024

This paper presents some of the results of a research that was carried out in 2019â€“2022 in municipal councils in southern Slovakia, in order to dtermine the required competencies, including language skills, of administrative staff. There are a number of municipalities in southern Slovakia where the proportion of the Hungarian minority is higher compared to the proportion of population of Slovak nationality. In such settlements, the dominant language of municipality officers is usually the minority (Hungarian) language, as it is used more often by their clients, compared to the state language. The presentation points out the language-related difficulties encountered from the minority position in the daily work of municipal officers. During oral administration, the officers use translanguaging (or code switching) due to which state language loanwords (mainly the words of administrative terminology) are included in the minority language. This â€˜occasionally createdâ€™ language, at times when officers use their whole linguistic repertoire, contributes to efficient oral administration, as this language is understood by the administrative officers and the clients as well. However, it is different when the administration is extended to written communication. In this case, the administrative officers must be able to translate texts received from the state or public authorities so that they can be communicated in the language of the minority. Most of the employees have not received training in professional translation, moreover, the municipal officers are not thoroughly familiar with the special administrative terminology in the minority language, and therefore, they do not have the appropriate vocabulary to translate the state language texts into the minority language (SzabÃ³mihÃ¡ly 2002). This presentation examines the Hungarian language competence of the officers working at the mayorâ€™s office in one southern Slovakian village and in one town, on the basis of official statements posted online, translated and created by the employees. The presentation examines only those posts where the source text is written in the Slovak state language, and the target language is the language of the minority (Hungarian), and which meet the following criteria: 1. are related to COVID-19 virus and epidemic 2. information related to the local government office (local taxes, opening hours of local government institutions, etc.) 3. are shared in the first half of 2020 The results show that the Hungarian target written texts are usually simplified (compared to the texts in the state language) due to a lack of knowledge of minority terminology, and contain contact-induced phenomena that characterize the contact variety of the Hungarian language in Slovakia.
Jinoyat haqidagi maʼlumotlarni qabul qilishni raqamlashtirish istiqbollari
Authors: Kadirova Moxigul
Published: February 2024

Ushbu maqolada jinoyat haqidagi maʼlumotlarni qabul qilishni raqamlashtirish masalalari tahlil etilgan, jinoyat protsessini soddalashtirish istiqbollari bayon etilgan.
Knowledge and Perceptions of the Billing’s Ovulation Method of Natural Family Planning among Married Women in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullateef Ibrahim Bidemi , Abdulganiyu Abdulazeez Opeyemi , Fanu Omolade Oyindamola , Atta Julie Alaere
Published: February 2024

Background: Based on existing literature, it was observed that modern contraceptives are the most widely used family planning methods in Nigeria, and that they have serious side effects for their users. Despite these effects, women of reproductive age have made little or no effort to embrace Billing’s ovulation as an alternative family planning method. In order to better understand the dynamics surrounding the adoption of Billing’s ovulation method, this study examined the knowledge, perceived effectiveness, and spousal attitude toward the use of Billing’s ovulation as a method of natural family planning among married women in Lagos metropolis. Method: To accomplish this, a pure qualitative methodological approach was used, with in-depth interviews (IDI) used to collect qualitative data from (20) married women. Manual content analysis was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Findings showed that; high level of knowledge and awareness of BOM, positive perceptions of its efficacy, and a favorable spousal attitude toward BOM are indicators of the rate at which married women in Lagos metropolis use the Billing’s ovulation method as their preferred family planning alternative. Conclusion: The study then recommends that a rigorous sensitization program based on door-to-door intervention be launched to educate married women in Lagos metropolis on the need for Natural family planning as an alternative family planning method, particularly BOM, while teaching them the procedures and techniques in order to increase people’s access to natural family planning.
Institutional Mitigation Strategies in Quitting Banditry: Pathways, Options and Way Forward
Authors: Dansabo Muhammad Tasiu , Dabai Usman Ibrahim , Jabbar Ibrahim Riyadh Abdul
Published: February 2024

The challenges of insecurity are manifested in many ways ranging from kidnapping, banditry, cattle rustling, political thuggery and ethnoreligious conflicts amongst many others. Banditry leads to unwarranted perturbations in victims of insecurity and requires urgent formulations of long-lasting solutions. The focus of this paper was banditry and institutional mitigation strategies towards ending the menace. The paper adopts a secondary data generation method, relying on empirical literature to gather information for analysis, as such, a survey of available literature was undertaken and the review of same done. The content analysis technique is employed to derive themes, aggregate scholarly viewpoints, and subsequently analyze the data. The findings revealed that different social institutions have an active role in the sustainability of banditry and hold a mitigative role in curbing and eradicating banditry in the count, it was also discovered that the family institution serves as a recruiting ground for bandits and intending bandits, failure of the family institution in instilling value orientation is the major reason for the banditry. Instilling value orientation in the family institution will help curb banditry in the country. In addition, the economic institution being a superstructure of all institutions is the backbone for the sustainability of banditry, and imposing an economic sanction in areas ravaged by banditry will curb banditry and its notorious activities. The paper recommended that youthful cohorts should be informed of death warrant should any culprit be convicted, this will instil value orientation in the heads of the family institution to extend the value orientation to each family, and will help curb banditry activities and techniques adopted by the bandits for logistics supplies.
Navigating the New Normal: A Study on Junior Nursing Students’ Stress Perception and Coping Mechanisms in Post-Pandemic Hospital Learning
Authors: Asuncion Carelle Faith S. , Bawanan Alyzah Kaye D. , Dulnoan Ana Sabrina M. , Molina Dayhana Alezie S , Hernandez Razel A. , Baliton Joman J.
Published: February 2024

Background: This study delves into the clinical stress experienced by junior nursing students during their initial hospital-related learning experiences (RLE), exploring the relationship between coping strategies and stress alongside demographic variables. Purpose: The primary objective was to examine the stress levels of 152 regular junior nursing students and assess how coping mechanisms vary based on demographic factors. The study aimed to shed light on the predominant stressors and coping strategies prevalent in this cohort. Methods: A sequential mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing a tool adapted from Sheu (1997; 2002). The tool included a demographic information sheet, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Coping Behavior Inventory (CBI), and semi-structured interview questions. Data were collected from a diverse group of nursing students, encompassing aspects such as sex, age, socioeconomic status, stressors, and coping strategies. Results: The study revealed a predominantly female (84.7%) student body with an average age of 21, and approximately 38% hailing from middle-income households. Key stressors included concerns about assignments, workload, daily life stressors, and perceived inadequacy in professional knowledge and skills. Coping mechanisms predominantly involved maintaining optimism and engaging in problem-solving. Importantly, demographic variables such as sex, age, and socioeconomic status did not show statistically significant distinctions in clinical stress perception. Conclusions: Junior nursing students generally experience moderate stress levels, primarily attributed to assignments, workloads, daily life, and perceived deficits in professional knowledge and skills. Notably, maintaining optimism, problem-solving, and seeking support through transference were identified as prevalent coping mechanisms. The study emphasizes the need for prioritizing stress management support and implementing stress reduction strategies within nursing programs to enhance the well-being of junior nursing students during their initial hospital-related learning experiences.
Why Planetary Health Education matters now for Bhutan and the World!
Authors: Abamecha Abdulhakim ,   Jimma University, Ethiopia, Sharma Netra Binod ,   United Nations Development Programme, Bhutan Country Office, Siebeck Matthias ,   Institute of Medical Education, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
Published: February 2024

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An exploration into perceived stigma, discrimination, and psychological wellbeing among people living with HIV in Bhutan
Authors: Choden Phuntsho ,   Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan, Dukpa Tshering ,   Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan, Wangmo Tshering ,   Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan, Wangchuk Wangchuk ,   Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan
Published: February 2024

Introduction: HIV-related stigma and discrimination affect health and wellbeing and pose greater challenges to PLHIV. Stigma and discrimination remain as a major obstacle in curbing HIV epidemic, undermining HIV prevention efforts including uptake of voluntary testing, counseling, access to HIV treatment services and care. This study explored the experience of stigma and discrimination and its perceived influence on the psychological well-being of PLHIV in Bhutan. Methods: Explorative qualitative in-depth interviews were completed with 28 PLHIV in four geographical locations Thimphu, Phuntsholing, Gelephu, and Samdrupjongkhar, Bhutan. Participants were interviewed on the experience of stigma and discrimination and the perceived influence on their psychological wellbeing. Results: About 43% participants, slightly more among females, mentioned having experienced stigma and faced discrimination. Content analysis revealed individuals in the community, family members and relatives, workstations and healthcare providers as the potential sources of stigma and discrimination. Two-third of the participants appeared to have better psychological wellbeing. Nevertheless, about 36% admitted either feeling sad, worried, or lonely due to their HIV status. Introspection, support from family, relatives and friends, and meditation were perceived to help alleviate negative thoughts about HIV status and its influence. Conclusions: Despite vigorous advocacy and awareness campaign, HIV related stigma and discrimination is still prevalent in the Bhutanese society influencing psychological wellbeing among PLHIV. Findings provided important insights meriting the designing of effective interventions including the involvement of certified counselors to counter stigma and discrimination, promote wellbeing and positive living among PLHIV in Bhutan
Determination of Water Quality Indices and Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of Drinking Water Sources in Thimphu
Authors: Chophel Pema ,   Royal Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The well-being of public health is associated with the availability of safe and clean drinking water. Heavy metals, known for their toxicity and potential health risks, are a particular focus of water quality assessments. This study investigates the heavy metal concentrations in five primary drinking water sources of Thimphu city: Motithang, Jungshina, Taba, Dechencholing and Chamgang. Methods: The ten heavy metals, known for their toxicity (Aluminum (Al), Boron (B), Barium (Ba), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn)), were assessed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) for precise analysis. The study employed the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and the Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI) to evaluate water quality. Results: The test results revealed low heavy metals concentration in the water sources. The HPI and HEI values were also calculated to be low (<15 and <1.24 respectively). Conclusions: The study provides valuable insights into Thimphu’s drinking water quality, indicating a positive status with low heavy metal concentrations
A GRADUAÇÃO DE CABO COMO PEÇA-CHAVE PARA MODERNIZAR O FLUXO DE TRABALHO DO FORMULÁRIO DE APURAÇÃO DE TRANSGRESSÃO DISCIPLINAR, NO ÂMBITO DA POLÍCIA MILITAR DO PARANÁ, COM O ADVENTO DA LEI Nº 19.583/2018
Authors: Neto Odilon Jacinto de Almeida , Escarmanhani Rodrigues Rodrigo
Published: February 2024

Este artigo examina as atribuições funcionais e uma possível nova Missão para a Graduação de Cabo da Polícia Militar do Paraná – PMPR, com o advento da Lei nº 19.583, de 05 de julho de 2018, que alterou dispositivos da Lei nº 5.940, de 08 de maio de 1969 – Lei de Promoções de Praças da Polícia Militar do Paraná. O tema é inédito e de grande relevância, pois está diretamente relacionado à instrução e ao andamento dos Processos e Procedimentos Administrativos Disciplinares que existem na PMPR, impactando diretamente no serviço prestado pela Instituição à Sociedade. Infelizmente não há material específico sobre o tema proposto, portanto, será aplicada uma analogia com o mundo civil e jurídico. Demonstrará a preocupação e importância deste estudo, acompanhando a evolução – respeitando a cultura organizacional da PMPR – de leis, decretos, portarias e orientações que versam sobre esses Processos Disciplinares. Analisaremos aspectos importantes de otimização e ganho para a instituição ao aplicar os respectivos Graduados na instrução do Formulário de Apuração de Transgressão Disciplinar – FATD. Será necessário explorar a base legal que fundamenta tal aplicação e ainda, serão apresentados os seguintes pontos: quais as características das Graduações de 3º Sargento e de Cabo; quais as características básicas do FATD; onde as diretrizes se alinham, permitindo tal aplicação; a importância da evolução nos métodos; e, qual será o ganho para a instituição e principalmente à Sociedade.
Enhancing corporate communication and reputation management through the mass media: Lessons from the University of Cape Coast
Authors: Antwi-Konadu Kwabena , Oduro George K.T. Oduro
Published: February 2024

This paper presents the findings of a study that explored how authorities of Cape Coast perceive the role of mass media in corporate communication and reputation management. The study which was descriptive by design, solicited information from 77 purposively selected senior members in the university. Simple quantitative methods involving frequency tables, percentages, bar and pie charts were employed in analyzing the data collected. Among other findings, the study found that the University had adopted the use of multiple media especially radio, television, internet and newspaper to communicate to students, staff the University Community and its large external publics. The university's use of media is however mostly uncoordinated. Based on the findings, the paper argues that the University can study that explored how authorities of maximise benefit of the use of mass media if it adequately resources and positions its Division of Public Affairs to enable it enhance its performance and also educate the University Community on the role of media in corporate affairs.
Sistemas Regionais (in) Sustentáveis
Authors: Pedrao Fernando Cardoso
Published: February 2024

Ao reconhecer a sustentabilidade como um problema da sociedade moderna, colocam-se dois elementos: o modo como o mundo físico apresenta restrições aos usos de recursos pela sociedade e o modo como a organização da sociedade se reflete na intensidade e nos padrões de usos de recursos. A combinação de rigidez de localização dos sistemas de recursos físicos e de padrões de mobilidade do capital e do trabalho resulta em combinações de produção que são a base da economia regional. Entende-se sustentabilidade como uma condição social e política e secundariamente técnica e ambiental. São as opções políticas que determinam as decisões técnicas. Sustentabilidade se atribui a sistemas capazes de se reproduzirem, com condições próprias para isso e funcionando em ambientes compatíveis com os modos de reprodução que podem acionar.
Formação de um Sistema Agroalimentar Localizado (SIAL) na Região Vale do Caí (RS)
Authors: Moraes Jorge L. Amaral de
Published: February 2024

O tema deste estudo é o potencial de formação de um sistema produtivo agroalimentar localizado (SIAL), autônomo e com interfaces com as redes globais, como estratégia de desenvolvimento da região Vale do Caí (RS). Isto inclui o aproveitando das potencialidades locais e das oportunidades de mercado e, também, a participação dos atores locais e do Estado na formulação e gestão das políticas públicas. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o potencial dinamizador de algumas atividades produtivas agroalimentares locais para o desenvolvimento territorial da região. Foram utilizadas informações qualitativas de mercados de produtos agroalimentares e agroindustriais potenciais e da estrutura produtiva regional. Para medir o grau de concentração dessas atividades na região foi utilizado o Quociente Locacional (QL), com base na renda bruta agrícola e no perfil do emprego formal. As atividades com maior potencial de expansão local foram consideradas o embrião de um Sistema Agroalimentar Localizado (SIAL) na região.
Abordagens metodológicas em pesquisas no campo do agronegócio: desafios para a pós-graduação
Authors: Guimarães Magali Costa , Pantoja Maria Júlia , Muñoz Cindy Marcela Guzmán
Published: February 2024

Este artigo discute as abordagens de pesquisa qualitativa, quantitativa e quanti-quali, bem como os demais procedimentos metodológicos adotados para produção de conhecimentos científicos no campo do agronegócio. Para tanto, realizou-se uma revisão das dissertações de mestrado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronegócios da Universidade de Brasília (DF), no período de 2006 a 2013. O trabalho finaliza apresentando uma importante agenda de pesquisa que poderá contribuir para o fortalecimento da pesquisa científica neste campo.
Modern determinants of genocide
Authors: Bobrova O. V. , Rubtsov D. I.
Published: February 2024

The article provides facts and historical reproductions of the revival of genocide in the context of the geopolitical situation, taking into account the legal assessment.
The role of tradition in the territorial dispute between Vietnam and China
Authors: Tsvetov P. Yu. , Melnichuk S. A.
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the arguments of Vietnam and China on the ownership of the Paracel Islands and the Spratly archipelago in the South China Sea. The evidence base of the parties is based on historical justifications, which do not include all the islands of the archipelagos with geographical coordinates, have no data on permanent human habitation and economic activity. The International Tribunal in The Hague (2016) issued a verdict that China’s claims to “historical rights” over the maritime areas of the South China Sea contradict the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and are null and void.
The Marrakesh Compact for Migration: gaps and challenges
Authors: Abashidze A. H. , Korolyov P. S.
Published: February 2024

The authors attempted to point out the conceptual and normative problems of the Marrakesh Compact for Migration, which predetermined the declarative nature of many of its provisions and, consequently, its ineffectiveness. The Marrakesh Compact is an important step towards the beginning of international cooperation of states in regulating irregular migration, which is a real challenge and threat to international security.
Hyperrealistic shifts – determinants of the distorted civilization
Authors: Feofanov K. A.
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the types of hyperrealistic distortions, from the simple and everyday ones to the super-complex and occurring only once throughout the civilizational history. The most large-scale hyperrealistic shifts have a determining, civilization-forming character, overthrowing and replacing the previous civilizational foundations, never coinciding with the ‘real’ reality, but determining the key vectors of the further civilizational development.
Energy cooperation between Russia and Iran
Authors: Seregina A. A.
Published: February 2024

In the context of a dynamically changing structure of international relations, it is important to improve the quality of Russia’s dialog with its partners, including Iran. The intensification of bilateral relations will provide both sides with a mutually beneficial opportunity to increase economic potential.
Problems of the Eurosceptic Movement in Estonia
Authors: Tambi S. A.
Published: February 2024

Euroscepticism as an indicator of a healthy society is presented in the Republic of Estonia governed by pro-European Union political elites as an existential threat to the very existence of the country. The article examines the process of marginalization of Euroscepticism in Estonia – both before and after its accession to the European Union in 2003. The study identifies various formats and mechanisms of marginalization of Eurosceptics by the political elites of the state and identifies systemic constraints for the expansion of Euroscepticism in Estonia.
Solidarity Economy and Cooperation in Academic Discourse and Public Practice
Authors: Egorov V. G. , Inshakov A. A.
Published: February 2024

The authors analyze the current level of study of the problem of formation and development of solidarity economy and the role of cooperation in its structure, focus on the system-forming qualities of solidarity economy: democracy, immanence of ecologically sustainable development, justice and social mutual assistance, achievement of public benefit.
Vehicle Theft Detection and Locking System using GSM and GPS
Authors: Yelam Madan Rajendra  , Jondhale Suyog Balasaheb  , Kote Satyam Ravindra  , Prof. Dahiphale P. D
Published: February 2024

A vehicle tracking system is very useful for tracking the movement of a vehicle from any location at any time. An efficient vehicle tracking system is designed and implemented for tracking the movement of any equipped vehicle from any location at any time. The proposed system made good use of popular technology that combines a smartphone with an Arduino UNO. This easy to make and inexpensive compared to others. The designed in vehicle device works using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM) technology that is one of the most common ways for vehicle tracking. The device is embedded inside a vehicle those positions is to be determined and tracked in real time. A vehicle tracking system is an electronic device installed in a vehicle to enable the owner or a third party to track the vehicle's location. This paper proposed to design a vehicle tracking system that works using GPS and GSM technology, which would be the cheapest source of vehicle tracking and it would work as anti-theft system. It is an embedded system which is used for tracking and positioning of any vehicle by using Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global system for mobile communication (GSM). An Arduino UNO is used to control the GPS receiver and GSM module. The vehicle tracking system uses the GPS module to get geographic coordinates at regular time interval. The GSM module is used to transmit andupdate the vehicle location to a database. This paper gives minute by minute update about vehicle location by sending SMS through GSM modem. This SMS contain latitude and longitude of the location of vehicle. Arduino UNO gets the coordinates from GPS modem and then it sends this information to user in text SMS. GSM modem is used to send this information via SMS sent to the owner of the vehicle. Location is displayed on LCD. And then Google map displays location and name of the place on cell phone. Thus, user able to continuously monitor a moving vehicle on demand using smartphone and determine the estimated distance and time for the vehicle to arrive at a given destination
The Impact of Caffeine Content in Espresso on Cardiovascular Endurance
Authors: Nugraheni Priskila Dian , Sulistiya Febri
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the impact of caffeine content ranging from 94-150 mg in espresso on the cardiovascular endurance of volleyball players. The research employed a quantitative approach, specifically a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population for this study comprised 14 members of the volleyball team in Dusun Kalangbangi Lor A. The sampling technique involved screening, and data analysis was conducted using the paired sample T-test, preceded by the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and the test of homogeneity of variances for homogeneity testing. The research findings revealed that the calculated t-value (t-statistic) was greater than the critical t-value (t-table), specifically 5.612 > 2.365, indicating the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha) and the rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho). Consequently, the conclusions drawn from the study are as follows: (1) There is an impact of caffeine when consumed in sufficient amounts. (2) Based on linear regression analysis, the R-Square value was found to be 0.891. This implies that the impact of consuming caffeine with a content of 94-150 mg in the short term on cardiovascular endurance is 89.1%, with the remaining 10.1% influenced by other factors. Therefore, consuming 94-150 mg of caffeine 30-60 minutes before undergoing a multistage fitness test can have a positive influence on cardiovascular endurance.