bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Identification of Musculoskeletal Complaints and Injuries among Female Ballet Students
Authors: Garrick James G.
Published: May 2023

Easy access of medical attention was provided to advanced students in a pre-professional ballet school. During a 20-month period 38 of 54 students between the ages of 12 and 19 reported 194 musculoskeletal complaints. The type and location of these complaints were compared to 1,353 injuries, in a comparable age group evaluated in a sports/ dance medicine clinic. The incidence rates of musculoskeletal complaints among the students and the injuries found in the clinic population were similar. The similar injury rates suggest that the students’ complaints were early manifestations of the injuries that required formal medical care, thus indicating that information on the management of these injuries when provided to dancers may constitute a preventative measure and result in a decrease in the number of these injuries that advance to the stage where formal medical care is necessary.
Massage Therapy and Relaxation Effects on University Dance Students
Authors: Leivadi Stella , Hernandez-Reif Maria , Field Tiffany , O'Rourke Maureen , D'Arienzo Susan , Lewis Daniel , del Pino Natasha , Schanberg Saul , Kuhn Cynthia
Published: May 2023

Thirty female university dancers were randomly assigned to a massage therapy or relaxation therapy group. The therapies consisted of 30-minute sessions twice a week for five weeks. Both groups reported less depressed mood and lowered anxiety levels. However, saliva Cortisol (stress hormones) decreased only for the massage therapy group. Both groups reported less neck, shoulder, and back pain after the treatment sessions and reduced back pain across the study. However, only the massage therapy group showed increased range of motion across the study, including neck extension and shoulder abduction.
Anterior chamber bleeding due to intravitreal dexamethasone implant sclerotomy without vitreous hemorrhage
Authors: Landini Luca , Boscia Giacomo , Sborgia Giancarlo , Grassi Maria Oliva , Buonamassa Rosa , Viggiano Pasquale , Bisceglia Giulia , Alessio Giovanni , Boscia Francesco
Published: May 2023

Background

Anterior Chamber bleeding without vitreous hemorrhage had been described after the removal of 23G vitrectomy cannulas. We report the case of an anterior chamber bleeding after an intravitreal Dexamethasone implant.

Case Report

One patient with macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion in a vitrectomized eye underwent an intravitreal Dexamethasone implant. After the injection the patient suffered from anterior chamber bleeding without signs of vitreous hemorrhage. The complication resolved with a conservative treatment.

Conclusion

Anterior Chamber bleeding is a possible complication of dexamethasone implant, that can be treated in a conservative way.
The future of work guaranteed: Assembling NEETs in the apparatus of the welfare state
Authors: Boland Tom , Griffin Ray
Published: May 2023

The future of work is partially written in the organisation of the welfare state – particularly in social policies and practices which imagine a vibrant labour market with ever-more employment. Here, we offer a genealogy of the peculiar formulation of the term NEETs, ‘Not in Employment, Education or Training’ as emblematic of a deep cultural and organisational commitment to work. To understand this array of policies, we draw on the Foucauldian concept of the dispositif. We move between the authoritarian valency of the concept as used by Agamben, and the looser Deleuzian assemblage, to investigate the policy, discourses and material structures that guarantee the future of work. NEETS conceptually and practically narrows the broad liminal transition from adolescent to adult into a labour market transition – producing work-ready, employable subjects for any future. The future of work need not be NEETs, but to approach that future we need to attend to the overwhelming policy apparatus and assemblage that holds a post-work future at bay.
Effects of mobile apps intervention on medication adherence and type 2 diabetes mellitus control: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chong Cheng Jun , Bakry Mohd Makmor , Hatah Ernieda , Mohd Tahir Nor Asyikin , Mustafa Norlaila
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The prevalence of non-adherence to antidiabetic treatment remains high despite various efforts. Thus, the positive effects of the antidiabetic treatment cannot be optimised and the disease progresses to complications. This present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of mobile applications (apps) intervention on medication adherence and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) control.

Methods

This research was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. The databases that had been searched included Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Ovid from 2017 to 2022. Study characteristics were retrieved and study outcomes such as adherence status and diabetes control were extracted and quantitatively analysed through meta-analysis.

Results

Eight studies met the final inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis, contributing to a total of 884 subjects. The methodological quality of the included studies was variable. Three studies reported statistically significant improvement in medication adherence through mobile apps intervention. Additionally, the mobile apps intervention proved effective in reducing glycaemic outcomes. As compared to non-mobile apps users, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) significantly decreased by 0.36% (95% CI −0.47% to −0.25%), whereas fasting plasma glucose (FPG) significantly decreased by 16.75 mg/dL (95% CI −17.60 mg/dL to −15.80 mg/dL).

Conclusion

Mobile apps intervention had beneficial impacts on medication adherence and glycaemic parameters. Future research should explore the best practical approach for real-world settings.
Ken Plummer: My Intellectual Enlightenment
Authors: Kong Travis S.K.
Published: May 2023

This small piece of writing is my personal account of how I met Ken Plummer and of the impact he had on my academic career. I describe the way in which our relationship changed from teacher and student to lifelong friends, and also share my last encounter with him. In retrospect, I am proud to say that Ken was not just my PhD supervisor, but also my colleague, my mentor, my substitute father and my dear friend.
Temperature-dependent properties of high-strength steel for evaluating the fire resistance of structures
Authors: Huang Dan , Kodur Venkatesh , Wang Weiyong
Published: May 2023

In recent years, high-strength steel (HSS) is finding increasing applications in building construction due to its excellent strength and durability properties. However, structures, incorporating HSS, exhibit lower fire resistance due to rapid deterioration of their mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. For evaluating the fire resistance of steel structures, high-temperature properties of steel are to be specified as input data. The properties of steel not only vary with temperature but also the extent of variation is influenced by the type and grade of steel. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on temperature-dependent properties of HSS. The available data and relations for thermal, mechanical, and deformation properties of HSS are compiled. Using these data, the variations in the elevated properties of HSS are established and the reasoning for such variation is explained. Finally, the critical properties to be considered for evaluating the fire resistance of structures, incorporating HSS, are discussed.
Numerical simulation of blast resistance of reinforced concrete slabs under fire conditions
Authors: Li Zhi , Huang Kai-Qian , Huang Ting , Qian Kai , Deng Xiao-Fang
Published: May 2023

To study the blast resistance of reinforced concrete slabs under fire, the finite element software ABAQUS is used to simulate the static loading test of RC slabs under fire and the blast test of RC slabs at ambient temperature. After being validated, the FE model is employed to investigate the failure mechanism of RC slabs under the combined action of fire and blast using thermo-mechanical coupling technique. Moreover, the effects of fire exposure duration, scaled distance, and charge weight on the blast resistance of the RC slabs after fire are studied. The results show that blast results in the local shear failure in the center of the RC slab subjected to fire. Then, the whole floor slab undergoes flexural failure. With the increase of fire duration, the damage of RC slabs becomes more severe, and the plastic deformation gradually enables energy dissipation. The scaled distance and charge weight have the most significant influence on the failure mode and dynamic response of the RC slabs. The smaller the scaled distance, the more serious damage to the RC slabs. When the scaled distance is greater than 3 m/kg1/3, no damage occurs. The larger the charge weight, the more serious damage to the RC slabs.
Inclusive dignity
Authors: Gilabert Pablo
Published: May 2023

The idea of dignity is pervasive in political discourse. It is central to human rights theory and practice, and it features regularly in conceptions of social justice as well as in the social movements they seek to understand or orient. However, dignity talk has been criticized for leading to problematic exclusion. Critics challenge it for undermining our recognition of the rights of non-human animals and of many human individuals (such as children, the elderly, and people with disabilities). I argue that, on a plausible articulation of it, the idea of dignity does not lead to these exclusions and that it in fact helps defend an appropriately inclusive moral and political treatment of all individuals. Difficult issues about equality and diversity indeed arise, but a dignitarian approach can provide good answers to them or at least help make them clearer and more tractable.
Beyond Bologna? Infrastructuring quality in European higher education
Authors: Grek Sotiria , Russell Ian
Published: May 2023

Applying qualitative methods, this paper examines the burgeoning of quality assurance databases, processes and networks of actors in the field of higher education in Europe. Our main argument is that there has been a move from the Bologna Process being the near singular focus for European-level coordination and harmonisation of higher education, towards the making of a much more diverse and complex quality assurance and evaluation infrastructure. This infrastructure involves a range of distinct but interdependent actors and processes and contains explicit and implicit interlinkages with the production of wider policy agendas, such as the rise of the European Education Area. The aim of this paper is to analyse the growth and complexity of Quality Assurance (QA) in higher education (HE) in Europe, as a way of understanding the multifaceted and continuously developing process of Europeanisation.
Anti-Obesity Actions of Two Separated Aqueous Extracts From Arbutus (Arbutus unedo) and Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) Fruits Against High-Fat Diet in Rats via Potent Antioxidant Target
Authors: Wahabi Soumaya , Rtibi Kais , Atouani Amal , Sebai Hichem
Published: May 2023

Arbutus unedo and Crataegus monogyna are widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean basin and commonly used in folk medicine against a wide range of diseases. Therefore, the present study has been designed to evaluate the anti-obesity potential of two aqueous extracts of the fruits of A. unedo (AUAE) and C. monogyna (CMAE). Male Wistar rats were supplied with a standard diet (SD), high-fat diet (HFD), HFD with the two separated extracts at the same dose (300 mg/kg, BW, p. o.), or HFD with atorvastatin-(ATOR) (2.1 mg/kg, BW, p. o.) for 12 weeks. Lipid profile and the liver and kidney linked-markers were assessed. Besides, obesity-related disorders' biomarkers were measured. AUAE, CMAE, and ATOR were observed to reduce significantly total body and organ weights following HFD-induced obese rat models. Likewise, epididymal and abdominal adipose tissue weights were noticeably decreased in HFD rats treated with both extracts and ATOR. Added to that, biochemical and metabolic changes were normalized by significant attenuation of lipid peroxidation accompanied with an increase of thiol-group concentrations and antioxidant status. More importantly, a modulation in trace element levels was revealed when compared with HFD group. Altogether, current study concluded that AUAE and CMAE could be potential candidates for the prevention and treatment of obesity and related disturbs induced by HFD.
Direct and indirect effects of pathogenic bacteria on the integrity of intestinal barrier
Authors: Shu Lin-Zhen , Ding Yi-Dan , Xue Qing-Ming , Cai Wei , Deng Huan
Published: May 2023

Bacterial translocation is a pathological process involving migration of pathogenic bacteria across the intestinal barrier to enter the systemic circulation and gain access to distant organs. This phenomenon has been linked to a diverse range of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and cancer. The intestinal barrier is an innate structure that maintains intestinal homeostasis. Pathogenic infections and dysbiosis can disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier, increasing its permeability, and thereby facilitating pathogen translocation. As translocation represents an essential step in pathogenesis, a clear understanding of how barrier integrity is disrupted and how this disruption facilitates bacterial translocation could identify new routes to effective prophylaxis and therapy. In this comprehensive review, we provide an in-depth analysis of bacterial translocation and intestinal barrier function. We discuss currently understood mechanisms of bacterial–enterocyte interactions, with a focus on tight junctions and endocytosis. We also discuss the emerging concept of bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and other body systems. The intestinal tract has established ‘axes’ with various organs. Among our regulatory systems, the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems have been shown to play pivotal roles in barrier regulation. A mechanistic understanding of intestinal barrier regulation is crucial for the development of personalized management strategies for patients with bacterial translocation-related disorders. Advancing our knowledge of barrier regulation will pave the way for future research in this field and novel clinical intervention strategies.
The influence of the European Public Prosecutor’s Office on French criminal law
Authors: Slimani Maria
Published: May 2023

The Regulation of 12 October 2017 establishing the EPPO was adopted by 22 Member States and entered into force on 1 June 2021. Being a considerable step towards a more integrated European Union, this new Community body sends a strong message as regards the sovereignty of the Member States. Indeed, it has imposed a transfer of power from the states to the EU, even though the European Delegated Prosecutors are the same magistrates than the national prosecutors who were already exercising their functions under national law. Moreover, as there is no criminal court at the EU level, offenders are prosecuted in front of the Member States’ courts. It is precisely because prosecutions are carried out at national level that the creation of EPPO has directly imposed changes in national criminal law. Therefore, more than a year after its establishment, it is interesting to look at the changes in French criminal law imposed by the creation of the EPPO. Beyond the changes brought about by the law, this article also looks at the challenges involved in the creation of this body, in that it identifies difficulties which urgently need to be reflected upon before considering any extension of the EPPO. Indeed, a reflection is necessary on the protection of the rights of the defense in the procedures carried out by this body as well as on the role of the judge considering the disappearance of the investigating judges and especially the problematic relating to the French prosecutor' status.
Infrastructures of social reproduction: Schools, everyday urban life, and the built environment of education
Authors: McFadden Keavy
Published: May 2023

Drawing together the literature on social reproduction and infrastructure, this paper demonstrates how understanding education as an infrastructure of social reproduction enables scholars to evaluate the ways in which changing education landscapes affect other aspects of urban life for residents. Building from the empirical context of Chicago's schools, this paper demonstrates how racism characterizes the dispossession of social reproductive infrastructures and attendant transformations of urban life. In doing so, this article argues that theorizing education as an infrastructure of social reproduction allows for a more robust theorization of the relationship between social reproduction and the built environment as well as the everyday temporality of social reproduction. Theorizing education landscapes in this way facilitates sharper thinking around a contradiction at the heart of social reproduction theory: that social reproductive sites are increasingly key spaces of capital accumulation while simultaneously serving as important terrains to fight that process. This framework allows for close attention to how the frictions between the social reproductive needs of capital and the social reproductive needs of communities play out within urban infrastructures in Chicago.
Transgressive Play and the Inherent Limits of Business Growth for China’s LGBTQ Platforms: The Case of a Social Game in Aloha
Authors: Wang Shuaishuai
Published: May 2023

Since 2016, China’s online LGBTQ platforms, such as Blued and Aloha, have been seeking to increase user acquisition and retention by introducing new functionalities to their interfaces. Although these attempts were promising at first, most of their endeavors proved unsustainable, largely due to the condition in which their businesses operate: a niche audience segment in a winner-take-all mobile market and a highly regulatory market in which LGBTQ content is often made a site for the execution of power. This article investigates the now-defunct role-playing social game Werewolf embedded in Aloha, one of the popular dating apps for queer men in China. By bringing together scholarship on game studies and queer media studies, it is argued that social games embedded in dating apps foster a new form of sexual sociality in which desires become increasingly gamified and intimacy networked, which are essential for queer social media to retain users. Although Werewolf was ultimately closed due to Aloha’s budgetary controls, queer players have emerged as a promising market for their unique engagement in social games. LGBTQ platforms, however, are not the main beneficiary of the queer gaming market because of the winner-take-all mobile ecosystem. The article highlights the inherent limits of “outward” expansion of China’s LGBTQ platforms into the mainstream market and suggests that prioritizing the unaddressed needs of their niche audience through an inward approach may be a more viable strategy for business growth in a mobile ecosystem dominated by a handful of major players.
Exploring aspects of significance when arranging dog visits to home-dwelling patients: An action research approach
Authors: Gundersen Ellen Dahl , Johannessen Berit
Published: May 2023

Municipalities have been encouraged to collaborate with volunteers to facilitate social and cultural activities for patients. Dog visits have been primarily arranged as a group activity in nursing homes. The aim of the present study was to pilot a dog visit program for home-dwelling patients delivered through a collaboration between nurses and volunteers, and to explore aspects of significance when arranging such visits. The project used an action research approach. The action was the implementation of regular dog visits to home-dwelling patients for 6 months, through collaboration between nurses and volunteers. The empirical investigation included respective focus group interviews with nurses and volunteers. Transcribed data were analyzed thematically. Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were followed. Influence of motivation, vulnerable relationships, and the perception that various factors contributed to a ‘comprehensive puzzle’ were aspects of significance when arranging dog visits to home-dwelling patients. One crucial factor in the conduction of the dog visits was having coordinators for both the nurses and volunteers. Future dog visits should emphasize thorough mapping of patients and equipages, and appropriate information flow through collaboration between coordinators for nurses and volunteers.
Downstream Effects of Frayed Relations: Juror Race, Judgment, and Perceptions of Police
Authors: Lynch Mona , Shaw Emily V.
Published: May 2023

Building on research demonstrating significant differences in how Black and White Americans view law enforcement, this study assesses how those differential views shape potential jurors’ decision-making in the context of a federal drug conspiracy case in which the primary evidence against the defendant is provided by an FBI agent and an informant cooperating with the agent. A sample of 649 Black and White jury-eligible U.S. citizens were exposed to the case, in which a Black defendant is being tried, and where the informant-witness race (Black or White) was varied. Participants determined verdict, evaluated evidence, and completed additional measures. Results indicated that Black participants were significantly less likely to convict than White participants, especially in the White informant condition; rated the law enforcement witness as less credible, and viewed police more negatively across three composite measures. Exploratory analysis of how juror race and gender interacted indicates Black women largely drove racial differences in verdicts. Perceptions of police legitimacy mediated the relationship between juror race and verdict choice. We conclude that it is critical that citizens are not prevented from being seated on juries due to skepticism about police, given the risk of disproportionate exclusion of Black potential jurors. The legal processes relevant to juror excusals need to be reconsidered to ensure that views of police, rooted in actual experience or knowledge about the problems with fair and just policing, are not used to disproportionately exclude persons of color, or to seat juries overrepresented by people who blindly trust police.
A Literature Review to Identify Effective Web- and App-Based mHealth Interventions for Stress Management at Work
Authors: Egger Selina Marita , Frey Sara , Sauerzopf Lena , Meidert Ursula
Published: May 2023

Background:

Persistent job-related stress can be harmful to physical and mental health and has a sizable financial burden on society. Face-to-face interventions are effective in reducing stress but have the disadvantage of high costs and time requirements. mHealth solutions may be an effective alternative to provide stress management interventions at work. Occupational health professionals need information on which mHealth apps are effective for employees to manage job-related stress. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of effective web- and app-based interventions for reduction of job-related stress and stress-related symptoms.

Method:

A literature review was conducted in the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete, and IEEEXplore.

Findings:

A total of 24 articles describing 19 products were found. All products showed effectiveness in trials in improving mental and/or physical health and reducing stress. Most products have a course-like structure with a duration from 1 to 8 weeks. The products use various methods such as psychoeducation and education on stress, cognitive restructuring, emotional regulation, problem-solving, goal setting, gratitude, breathing, or mindfulness techniques. Most products use more than one method and most mixed material such as text on web pages, text messages, videos, reading and audio material, and games.

Conclusion/Application to Practice:

Overall, effective mHealth products were identified for the intervention of acute and chronic stress. Occupational health practitioners can use these 19 evidence-based mHealth products when advising organizations on health promotion of employees to reduce stress symptoms and promote health and well-being.
Trends in Patient-Reported Outcomes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Berk Alexander N. , Piasecki Dana P. , Fleischli James E. , Trofa David P. , Saltzman Bryan M.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Despite the prevalence of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to evaluate results after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, there exists little standardization in how these metrics are reported, which can make wider comparisons difficult.

Purpose:

To systematically review the literature on ACL reconstruction and report on the variability and temporal trends in PRO utilization.

Study Design:

Systematic review.

Methods:

We queried the PubMed Central and MEDLINE databases from inception through August 2022 to identify clinical studies reporting ≥1 PRO after ACL reconstruction. Only studies with ≥50 patients and a mean 24-month follow-up were considered for inclusion. Year of publication, study design, PROs, and reporting of return to sport (RTS) were documented.

Results:

Across 510 studies, 72 unique PROs were identified, the most common of which were the International Knee Documentation Committee score (63.3%), Tegner Activity Scale (52.4%), Lysholm score (51.0%), and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (35.7%). Of the identified PROs, 89% were utilized in <10% of studies. The most common study designs were retrospective (40.6%), prospective cohort (27.1%), and prospective randomized controlled trials (19.4%). Some consistency in PROs was observed among randomized controlled trials, with the most common PROs being the International Knee Documentation Committee score (71/99, 71.7%), Tegner Activity Scale (60/99, 60.6%), and Lysholm score (54/99, 54.5%). The mean number of PROs reported per study across all years was 2.89 (range, 1-8), with an increase from 2.1 (range, 1-4) in studies published before 2000 to 3.1 (range, 1-8) in those published after 2020. Only 105 studies (20.6%) discretely reported RTS rates, with more studies utilizing this metric after 2020 (55.1%) than before 2000 (15.0%).

Conclusion:

There exists marked heterogeneity and inconsistency regarding which validated PROs are used in studies related to ACL reconstruction. Significant variability was observed, with 89% of measures being reported in <10% of studies. RTS was discretely reported in only 20.6% of studies. Greater standardization of outcomes reporting is required to better promote objective comparisons, understand technique-specific outcomes, and facilitate value determination.
Influence of the Clinical Nurse's Self-Acceptance and Experiential Acceptance on Leadership Versatility
Authors: Park Jummi , Shin Nayeon
Published: May 2023

Introduction

This study identifies how the self-acceptance and experiential acceptance of nurses working in hospitals influences leadership versatility to utilize the information as basic data for developing strategies for improving nursing quality through effective manpower management.

Objective

This study aims to identify the relationships of nurses’ self-acceptance, experiential acceptance, and leadership versatility and verify the influence of experiential acceptance and self-acceptance on leadership versatility.

Methods

This study used a descriptive design. The convenience subjects were 100 nurses at the one territory hospital in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regressions.

Results

There were significant positive correlations between self-acceptance and leadership versatility ( r = .39, p < .001). Among predictors, self-acceptance had statistically significant influences on leadership versatility ( β = 0.35, p < .001). Self-acceptance indicated an explanation power of 24.0% of the total variance and was shown to be statistically significant ( F = 6.89, p < .001).

Conclusions

Self-acceptance and experiential acceptance and factors according to nurses’ clinical experience and position should be identified in depth, and subsequent studies on factors related to this should be conducted.
Defining and Measuring Customer Value: Some Reflections and New Perspectives
Authors: Gallarza Martina G. , Sánchez-Fernández Raquel
Published: May 2023

This article offers a personal perspective on the study of value. Based on a review of the academic contributions of the last 40 years, we aim to highlight the relevance of a concept that has been considered embryonic and crucial in marketing and business management. For this purpose, two main facets will be analyzed: the determining role of value creation in business activity and, at the same time, the complexity of its study, which requires continuous conceptual refinement and further development in assessment tools. Signs of progress (in the theory building) have been made, but some (measurement) challenges remain, while new encouraging avenues emerge, both for scholars and practitioners.
Big data on the prevalence of injury deaths among 187 488 elderly Chinese in the past 20 years (2000–2020): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Shan-lan , Zhang Lang-lang , Zhu Xiang , Tu Jia-xin , Huang He-lang , Yu Chao , Wu Lei
Published: May 2023

Background

This study systematically reviewed injury death and causes in the elderly population in China from 2000 to 2020, to prevent or reduce the occurrence of injuries and death.

Methods

The CNKI, VIP, Wan Fang, MEDLINE, Embase, SinoMed, and Web of Science databases were searched to collect epidemiological characteristics of injury death among elderly over 60 years old in China from January 2000 to December 2020. Random effects meta-analysis was performed to pool injury mortality rate and identify publication bias, with study quality assessed using the AHRQ risk of bias tool.

Results

(1) A total of 41 studies with 187 488 subjects were included, covering 125 million elderly. The pooled injury mortality rate was 135.58/105 [95%CI: (113.36 to 162.14)/105], ranking second in the total death cause of the elderly. (2)Subgroup analysis showed that male injury death (146.00/105) was significantly higher than that of females (127.90/105), and overall injury mortality increased exponentially with age (R2 = 0.957), especially in those over 80 years old; the spatial distribution shows that the injury death rate in the central region is higher than that in the east and west and that in the countryside is higher than that in the city; the distribution of death time shows that after entering an aging society (2000–2020) is significantly higher than before (1990–2000). (3) There are more than 12 types of injury death, and the top three are falling, traffic accidents, and suicide.

Conclusions

China's elderly injury death rate is at a high level in the world, with more males than females, especially after the age of 80. There are regional differences. The main types of injury death are falling, traffic, and suicide. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, for accidental injuries and death, a rectification list for aging and barrier-free environments was issued.

PROSPERO Registration

The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO under protocol number CRD42022359992.
Modelling of Hepatitis B Virus vertical transmission dynamics in Ethiopia: a compartmental modelling approach
Authors: Anley Denekew Tenaw , Dagnaw Mequanente , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Tefera Dawit , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Molla Ayenew , Jemal Sebwedin Surur , Zewde Edget Abebe , Azanaw Melkalem Mamuye , Aragie Getachew , Melsew Yayehirad Alemu
Published: May 2023

Background

Hepatitis B (HB) is a virus which causes a potentially fatal liver infection. It is a DNA virus belonging to the Hepadnaviridae virus family. Africa, after Asia, has the second highest number of chronic HBV carriers and is considered a high-endemic region. Ethiopia is classified as a country with a high prevalence of viral hepatitis and with nations that lack a systematic strategy for viral hepatitis surveillance.

Methods

S-I-C-R deterministic model was developed and the numerical simulations were done in “R” statistical and programming software. Fixed population assumption was considered so as to develop a simple model which could predict the HBV vertical transmission for the next 5 decades.

Results

The model revealed that significant number of populations will be infected and become carrier till the end the next 49 years even though it has decreasing trend. It was predicted that 271,719 people will die of HBV complications if no intervention will be made on its vertical transmission. The sensitivity analysis result showed that the force of infection has the most important parameter in the vertical transmission dynamics of hepatitis B. Provision of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBVIG) and vaccines at the time of delivery could decrease the force of infection by more than half and 51,892 lives will be saved if the intervention is offered for 50% of deliveries in Ethiopia.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that the incidence of HBV vertical transmission is substantial, it is expected to decline during the next five decades. However, the situation necessitates immediate attention, since it results in thousands of deaths if no action is taken. Offering HBVIG and vaccinations to the 50% of infants can save many lives and reduces the force of infection by more than a half.
A risk signature of ubiquitin-specific protease family predict the prognosis and therapy of kidney cancer patients
Authors: Wang Renjie , Liu Yang , Li Jingxian , Zhao Yubao , An Rui , Ma Zhifang
Published: May 2023

Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) are closely related to protein fate and cellular processes through various molecular signalling pathways, including DNA damage repair, p53, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathways. In recent years, increasing evidence has revealed the pivotal role of ubiquitination in tumorigenesis of KIRC. However, USPs' molecular mechanism and clinical relevance in kidney cancer still need further exploration. Our study first determined prognosis-related ubiquitin-specific proteases (PRUSPs) in KIRC. We found these genes co-expressed with each other and might regulate different substrates. Based on the USPs' expression, the PRUSPs risk signature was constructed to predict the survival probability of KIRC patients. The patients in high-PRUSPs-risk group showed a low survival rate. ROC and calibration curve indicated a discriminate capacity of the signature, and uni-/multi-variate Cox regression analysis revealed that the PRUSPs score is an independent prognostic factor. In different KIRC clinical subgroups and external validation cohorts (including E-MTAB-1980 and TCGA-KIRP cohorts), the PRUSPs risk signature showed strong robustness and practicability. Further analysis found that high-risk group showed activation of immune-related pathways and high PD-1/CTLA4 expression, revealing that high-risk patients might be sensitive to immunotherapy. In summary, we constructed the USPs risk signature to predict kidney cancer prognosis, which provided the theoretical foundation for further clinical or pre-clinical experiments.
Vitamin D metabolic pathway genes polymorphisms and vitamin D levels in association with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in China: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Weiwei , Wang Ping , Bai Yanrui , Zhang Ying , Shu Jianbo , Liu Yang
Published: May 2023

Background

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) is a major cause of hospitalization after birth. Previous studies indicated that vitamin D deficiency might play an important role in NH susceptibility, but the results were controversial. Meanwhile, there has been limited description of the association between vitamin D related genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and NH susceptibility. We aimed to investigate the vitamin D metabolic pathway genes polymorphisms and vitamin D levels with NH susceptibility.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data, vitamin D levels and its metabolic pathway gene polymorphisms of 187 NH neonates and 149 controls at Tianjin Children’s Hospital/Tianjin University Children’s Hospital between April 2019 and August 2022. Vitamin D levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method, and the genetic polymorphism of NADSYN1/DHCR7, GC, CYP2R1, CYP24A1 and CYP27B1 was detected by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis.

Results

The frequency of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 15 ng/mL) was significantly increased in the NH group compared to controls. TT genotype of rs12785878 and GT genotype of rs10877012 were protective factors of vitamin D deficiency and NH, and GT genotype and dominant model carriers of rs12785878 had a higher risk of severe NH than the GG genotype carriers (GT genotype: OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.22–4.86; P = 0.012, dominant model: OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.04–3.73; P = 0.037). GC gene haplotype was associated with vitamin D deficiency. No significant SNP-SNP and SNP-vitamin D levels interaction combinations were found.

Conclusions

There were associations among NH, vitamin D deficiency and NADSYN1/DHCR7 and CYP27B1 polymorphisms, TT genotype of rs12785878 and GT genotype of rs10877012 could reduce the risk of vitamin D deficiency and NH. Furthermore, rs12785878 was significantly associated with severe NH.
Suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Kassa Mulat Awoke , Srahbzu Mengesha , Goshu Nenko  , Nakie Girum , Mekuria Kindie , Feleke Sefineh Fenta , Tesfa Natnael Amare , Getnet Berhanie
Published: May 2023

Background

Suicidal ideation and attempts usually occur during adolescence time, and living in war- affected area make the problem more predominate and severe. To the best of our knowledge, there were no studies done among high school students who live in war affected areas in Ethiopia.

Objective

We assessed the prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and suicide attempts among high school students of war- affected area at Woldia town, Northeast, Ethiopia.

Methods

School based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 23 to June 08, 2022.Data were collected from high school students in Woldia town, Ethiopia. Pretested, self-administered Amharic-language questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the independent factors associated with suicide ideation and attempt.

Results

A total of 668 of the 707 sampled students participated in the study (94.5% response rate). The prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts among high school students in Woldia town was 16.29% and 12.87%, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, poor social support(AOR = 2.86, 95% CI:1.49, 5.46), posttraumatic stress disorder (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI:1.20, 3.85), family history of suicide(AOR = 3.94, 95% CI:2.21, 7.04), anxiety(AOR = 3.45, 95% CI:1.72, 6.89), and depression (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI:1.24, 4.33) were factors significantly associated with suicide ideation, and poor social support(AOR = 2.75, 95% CI:1.38, 5.47), depression (AOR = 4.27, 95% CI:2.10, 8.67) and being a female sex (AOR = 2.12, 95% CI:1.22, 3.69) were factors significantly associated with suicidal attempt.

Conclusions and recommendations

This study revealed that at least one in six and one in eight of the students had suicidal ideation and attempt, respectively. Therefore, we recommend that Ministry of Education shall work with Ministry of Health to extend and implement mental health services in high schools and provide social support to those students who need the services in order for the prevention of suicidal ideation and attempts.
Improvement of functioning in patients with schizophrenia: real-world effectiveness of aripiprazole once-monthly (REACT study)
Authors: Oluboka Oloruntoba , Clerzius Guerline , Janetzky Wolfgang , Schöttle Daniel , Therrien François , Wiedemann Klaus , Roy Marc-André
Published: May 2023

Background

Functional impairment affects many patients with schizophrenia. Treatment with the long-acting injectable antipsychotic aripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) may help improve functioning.

Objectives

To explore changes in functioning in patients with schizophrenia who received AOM treatment in observational studies.

Methods

Here we report functional outcomes in the form of Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores in a pooled analysis of data from two observational studies from Canada (NCT02131415) and Germany (vfa non-interventional studies registry 15960N). Data from 396 patients were analyzed.

Results

At baseline, the mean GAF score was 47.7 (SD 13.4). During 6 months of treatment with AOM, the mean GAF score increased to 59.4 (SD 15.8). Subgroups stratified by patient age (≤35 years/>35 years), sex, disease duration (≤5 years/>5 years) and disease severity at baseline had all significantly improved their GAF at month 6. 51.5% of the patients showed a GAF score increase of at least 10 points, which was regarded as clinically meaningful, and were considered responders.

Conclusions

These data show that treatment with AOM may help improve patient functioning in a routine treatment setting.

Trial registration

NCT02131415 (May 6, 2014), vfa non-interventional studies registry 15960N.
Evaluating a pilot community-based FITMIND exercise programme for psychosis in Hong Kong
Authors: Suen Yi Nam , Lee Edwin Ho Ming , Lam Christina Oi Bun , Hui Christy Lai Ming , Chan Sherry Kit Wa , Chang Wing Chung , Chen Eric Yu Hai
Published: May 2023

Background

Exercise interventions can improve clinical symptoms and cognition in patients with psychosis in addition to their physical health. However, their benefits may not be maximally generalised to those who cannot access gymnasium facilities, which were commonly required previously. This study evaluated a 12-week community exercise programme named FITMIND, which aims to help patients with psychosis establish exercise habits through easy-to-learn aerobic exercise and yoga, with the support of trained volunteers.

Method

This study analysed the profiles of 49 patients with psychosis who were referred by the case manager of the early psychosis programme in the public hospital in Hong Kong or enrolled in the programme through the project website. The outcome measures were working memory, physical activity (PA) participation, quality of life, and mood symptoms.

Results

At baseline, seven participants (14.3%) met the recommendation of the PA for severe mental illnesses. After the 12-week programme, participants demonstrated significant improvement in vigorous-intensity PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, compliance with international guidelines for PA, and mood symptoms.

Conclusion

The FITMIND exercise programme is a feasible community-based intervention that can improve PA participation and mood in patients with psychosis. Further systematic studies are needed to examine the long-term beneficial effects of the programme.
The significance of structural stigma towards transgender people in health care encounters across Europe: Health care access, gender identity disclosure, and discrimination in health care as a function of national legislation and public attitudes
Authors: Falck Felicitas , Bränström Richard
Published: May 2023

Background

According to the minority stress theory, stigma affects the health of marginalized populations. Previous stigma research has focused on the health effects of individual and interpersonal stigma, paying less attention to structural factors. Laws on legal gender recognition affect the lives of transgender individuals in unique ways. The fact that these laws and population attitudes vary greatly between European countries, offer a unique opportunity to study the role of structural stigma in the lives of transgender individuals. Little is known about how transgender specific structural stigma relates to individual health determinants. Consequently, the aim of this study was to explore the association between structural stigma and access to gender affirming care, gender identity disclosure in health care, and experiences of discrimination in health care across 28 European countries.

Methods

By using multilevel regression, we combined data on health seeking behavior, transgender identity disclosure to health care providers, and experiences of discrimination in health care from 6,771 transgender individuals participating in the 2012 European Union Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender survey with a structural stigma measure, consisting of population attitudes towards transgender individuals as well as national legislation on gender recognition. Reasons to refrain from seeking care and discrimination in health care were assessed by categorizing countries as low or high in structural stigma and using Chi-square statistics.

Results

Country-level structural stigma was negatively associated experiences of seeking gender affirming care and positively associated with concealment of being transgender to health care providers. Identity concealment was associated with a lower likelihood of exposure to discrimination in the health care setting across countries regardless of their level of structural stigma. The most prevalent reasons to forgo gender affirming care were shared between low and high structural stigma country groups and centered around fear.

Conclusion

The results highlight the importance of changing stigmatizing legislation and population attitudes to promote access to gender affirming care as well as openness of being transgender towards providers. Measures to decrease discrimination in the health care setting are warranted in high as well as in low structural stigma countries.