bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urine Ammonium Concentrations and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes in Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial Participants with CKD
Authors: Bullen Alexander L. , Katz Ronit , Seegmiller Jesse , Garimella Pranav S. , Ascher Simon B. , Rifkin Dena E. , Raphael Kalani L. , Shlipak Michael G. , Ix Joachim H.
Published: July 2024

Key Points

Among nondiabetic individuals with hypertension and CKD, higher urine ammonium concentration is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

Urine ammonium was not associated with all-cause mortality or CKD progression, AKI, or linear eGFR decline in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial cohort.

Background

Impaired urine ammonium excretion is common in CKD and may identify risk of metabolic acidosis earlier than reductions in serum bicarbonate or pH and thus may have associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. We evaluated the association of urine ammonium with CVD and kidney outcomes among persons with hypertension and nondiabetic CKD enrolled in a trial of BP reduction.

Methods

We measured urine ammonium concentration in spot urine specimens collected at baseline among 2092 participants of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) with an eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2. We used multivariable-adjusted Cox models to evaluate associations of urine ammonium concentration with the SPRINT CVD composite outcome (myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, or CVD death), all-cause mortality, the SPRINT kidney composite outcome (50% kidney function decline, ESKD, or transplant), and AKI.

Results

At baseline, the mean (SD) age was 73 (9) years; 40% were female; and 25% were Black participants. The mean (SD) serum bicarbonate was 25.6 (2.8) mmol/L, median (interquartile range) urine ammonium concentration was 14.4 (9.5–23.1) mmol/L, and median (interquartile range) eGFR was 49 (39–55) ml/min per 1.73 m2. There were 255 CVD composite events, 143 deaths, 63 kidney composite events, and 146 AKI events during a median follow-up of 3.8 years. In multivariable models, each two-fold higher urinary ammonium concentration was associated with a 26% (95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.52) higher risk of the CVD composite, whereas there was no association with all-cause mortality, the SPRINT kidney composite outcome, or AKI.

Conclusions

Among nondiabetic individuals with hypertension and CKD, higher urine ammonium concentration is associated with higher risk of CVD. Further studies are needed to evaluate this association in other cohorts.
Pruritus Severity and Serum Phosphate in CKD: A Post Hoc Analysis of Difelikefalin Studies
Authors: Fishbane Steven N. , Block Geoff A. , Evenepoel Pieter , Budden Jeffrey , Morin Isabelle , Menzaghi Frédérique , Wen Warren , Lerma Edgar V.
Published: July 2024

Key Points

No correlation was observed between pruritus severity and serum phosphate or response to placebo or difelikefalin in patients with CKD-associated pruritus undergoing hemodialysis.

Difelikefalin improved itch versus placebo irrespective of baseline serum phosphate.

Background

CKD-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) has historically been associated with elevated serum phosphate (sP). Difelikefalin is a novel antipruritic agent approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe CKD-aP in adults undergoing hemodialysis. This post hoc analysis used data from phase 3 difelikefalin studies (KALM-1, KALM-2, and open-label Study 3105) to assess the role of sP in the pathogenesis of CKD-aP and whether difelikefalin ameliorates CKD-aP in patients with and without elevated sP.

Methods

Patients with moderate-to-severe CKD-aP undergoing hemodialysis with baseline sP data were included in the analysis (KALM-1 and KALM-2, n=845; Study 3105, n=220). Assessments included correlation between 24-hour Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS) score and sP.

Results

In KALM-1 and KALM-2, baseline characteristics in the overall population were similar between patients with sP ≤5.5 and >5.5 mg/dl; no significant correlation was observed between WI-NRS and sP at baseline or in week 12. In patients receiving placebo, no correlation was observed between WI-NRS and sP at baseline or between their change from baseline to week 12 (all P < 0.05). Clinically meaningful (≥3-point) reductions from baseline to week 12 in WI-NRS scores were reported by more patients receiving placebo with baseline sP ≤5.5 mg/dl than >5.5 mg/dl (least squares mean 37.2% versus 27.4%; odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.63 [0.41 to 0.97]; P = 0.04). A greater proportion of patients treated with difelikefalin achieved a ≥3-point WI-NRS reduction from baseline to week 12 versus placebo and was similar between sP ≤5.5 and >5.5 mg/dl subgroups (least squares means 51.1% versus 57.6% [P = 0.20]). No significant relationships between sP and WI-NRS in patients receiving difelikefalin were identified in Study 3105 at any time point.

Conclusions

No correlation was observed between pruritus severity and sP or response to placebo or difelikefalin in patients with CKD-aP undergoing hemodialysis. Difelikefalin improved itch versus placebo irrespective of baseline sP.
Shoah između volje za moći i napuštenosti
Authors: Akrap Ante
Published: July 2024

Neznanje i deformacija stupovi su na kojima počiva svaka rasprava i pisanja o stradanju Židova u Drugom svjetskom ratu. Nakana rada jest otvoriti pitanja s kojima se filozofija i teologija dugo vremena odgađala suočiti. Shoah otvara teme koje uvijek u pitanje dovode Boga i čovjeka. Čovjek po svojoj naravi želi dominirati u svijetu, nametnuti vlastitu volju bez obzira na otpor, imati moć. Volja za moć, jedan od temeljnih postulata Nietzscheove filozofije, označava spontanu snagu života i stvarnosti uopće, a kod čovjeka je motiv sveg njegova djelovanja, koji se izražava kao želja za dominacijom i povećanjem moći, proizvoljnom i neograničenom vlasti (tiraniji) koja ne poštuje prirodne zakone i individualna prava. Nije nam cilj iznijeti na vidjelo Nietzscheovu pisanu baštinu, nego se zaustaviti na onim dijelovima koji su imali ili koji su mogli imati jasan utjecaj na oblikovanje Hitlerove ideologije. Hitlerov Reich i sustav koncentracijskih logora bili su golema i zločinačka organizacija ljudske normalnosti, ideološka mobilizacija prema brutalnim ciljevima banalnosti koja je u svakome od nas. Hannah Arendt svojom misli proširuje granice razumijevanja samoga događanja kroz ponašanje običnog (banalnog) čovjeka koji vođen suspenzijom grižnje savjesti ulazi u pakleni mehanizam potpunog uništenja. U događaju Shoaha tako dolazi do dubokog rascjepa tradicionalne viziji ljudskog subjekta koji zajedno djeluje i snosi posljedice. Ljudski subjekt je apsolutni gospodar života i smrti, drugi (objekt) potpunog uništenja i njegov opstanak ovisi o hiru izvan svake kontrole subjekta. S jedne strane ljudski subjekt okrutno kontrolira povijest, a s druge strane potpuno trpi povijest. Tragedija Shoaha uzdrmala je u korijenu filozofsko promišljanje i njegove teme, prvenstveno one antropološke, etičke i teodicejske, posebno odnos između prisutnosti zla u svijetu i postojanja Boga pa i samoga čovjeka.
Understanding of Spinel Phases in Lithium-Rich Cathode for High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review
Authors: Fang Youyou , Zhao Jiayu , Su Yuefeng , Dong Jinyang , Lu Yun , Li Ning , Wang Haoyu , Wu Feng , Chen Lai
Published: July 2024

Layered Li-rich oxides have attracted much attention because of higher capacity than that of traditional layered oxides (more than 250 mAh g
−1
). However, the intrinsic issues of Li-rich cathode materials suffer from lattice oxygen loss, poor rate capability, voltage fade, and limited cycle life. To tackle these problems, the Li-rich cathode containing intergrown layer and spinel phases was proposed, and this heterostructure material meets the requirements of high energy and stable surface with a fast Li
+
diffusion channel. Herein, we review the recent progress and in-depth understanding about heterostructure including microstructure and morphology, performance of advancement and degradation mechanisms, and modification strategies. Special attention is given to the high-performance energy mechanism as follows: (a) spinel phase and oxygen vacancy jointly enhance the lattice structure and prevent the irreversible oxygen release, (b) higher capacity is achieved by promotion of activation of Li2MnO3 phase and control of the activation rate to realize stable long-term cyclability, and (c) spinel phase provides the 3D interconnected Li
+
diffusion channels and protects the surface region from side reactions. The other issue that aroused interest is the undesirable changes of phase transition and degradation mechanisms as follows: (a) the key reconstruction process is to produce a “good” spinel to maintain the surface and interior structure stability. (b) It is significant to figure out the structure degradation and phase transition mechanism in the cycled heterostructure. This review aims to provide inspiration and opportunities for the design of high-energy-density cathode materials, thereby bridging the gap between laboratory research and practical battery applications.
Chalcogenide Perovskite EuHfS
3
with Low Band Gap and Antiferromagnetic Properties for Photovoltaics
Authors: Han Yanbing , Fang Jiao , Zhang Han , Sun Yiyang , Yuan Yifang , Chen Xu , Jia Mochen , Li Xinjian , Gao Han , Shi Zhifeng
Published: July 2024

Chalcogenide perovskites represent a promising class of materials known for their robust stability, environmentally friendly composition, and intriguing optoelectronic characteristics. Their A-site cation is largely dependent on nonmagnetic Ca, Sr, Ba elements, showing little influences on the optoelectronic properties of chalcogenide perovskites. Here, by introducing magnetic element Eu as A-site cation, we present a comprehensive investigation into the crystal structures, band characteristics, optoelectronic features, and magnetic behaviors of EuHfS
3
, targeting for photovoltaics. EuHfS
3
adopts a distorted perovskite structure within the
Pnma
space group. This structure allows for various magnetic configurations, setting foundations for multiple photovoltaic effect. The conduction band maximum primarily originates from the Hf 5
d
orbitals, akin to SrHfS
3
. Intriguingly, the presence of Eu spin-up 4
f
orbitals lifts the covalence band minimum, consequently narrowing the band gap of EuHfS
3
(1.6 eV), which is suitable for absorber layer in p-i-n junction solar cells. Moreover, zero field cooled magnetization measurements reveal antiferromagnetic behavior in EuHfS
3
, indicating further spin photovoltaic effect. The integration of magnetic properties into chalcogenide perovskites, in conjunction with their inherent semiconducting attributes, holds promise for future advancements in photovoltaics and other spintronic device technologies.
Metal Aluminum-Free Configuration Toward High-Performance Aqueous Aluminum Ion Battery
Authors: Wang Huaizhi , Gao Yaning , Li Yu , Yang Haoyi , Liu Wenhao , Long Bo , Wu Feng , Bai Ying , Wu Chuan
Published: July 2024

Rechargeable aluminum batteries hold great promise for high energy density and low-cost energy storage applications but are stalled by severe electrochemical side reactions (e.g., dendrite, passivation, and corrosion) at aluminum (Al) metal anode. Here, we design an aluminum ion battery with an Al-free configuration to circumvent the problems caused by the above side reactions. The feasibility of Al

x

MnO
2
·
n
H
2
O cathode in aluminum ion batteries is revealed in conjunction with TiO
2
anodes by using the optimal 5 M Al(OTF)
3
electrolyte. The as-assembled aluminum ion battery enables high initial discharge capacity of 370.4 mAh g
–1
at 30 mA g
–1
, favorable stability with low irreversible capacity loss, and enhanced safety. Further, the mechanism is intensively elucidated by multiple characterization results, indicative of the Al
3+
ions (de)intercalation redox chemistry. Revealed by empirical analyses, the capacity contribution of high-voltage plateau, corresponding to the disproportionation reaction of Mn
3+
in an Al

x

MnO
2
·
n
H
2
O battery system, tends to increase with the increasing electrolyte concentration. Our findings may provide fresh impetus to the rational design of aluminum ion batteries with excellent electrochemical properties.
Transformer-Based Hierarchical Multiscale Feature Fusion Internal Wave Detection and Dataset
Authors: Ma Zetai , Huang Longyu , Yang Jingsong , Ren Lin , Li Xiaohui , He Shuangyan , Liu Bingqing , Liu Antony K.
Published: July 2024

Ocean internal waves (IWs) are widespread submesoscale dynamical phenomena in oceans, and they have important impacts on energy transfer, nutrient transport, and human activities. In this study, Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from 2014 to 2023 were collected to construct a global IW dataset (S1-IW-2023) through a series of optimized data processing. S1-IW-2023 was constructed to address the issue of insufficient data and lack of variation in the deep learning IW datasets; it can be used in IW studies using deep learning methods to enhance model generalizability and robustness. Moreover, considering the limitations of existing convolutional neural network (CNN)-based IW detection models in handling complex interferences in SAR images, resulting in frequent false positives, false negatives, or inaccurate bounding box positioning, we employed transfer learning to train a Transformer-based hierarchical IW detector, IWD-Net, that extracts features via Swin Transformer and fuses the visual, semantic, and contextual features of IWs via a multiscale feature fusion network. Experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of applying Transformer concepts to IW detection for addressing complex interferences. This study provides an efficient and stable new method for extracting IW features from massive SAR data and lays the foundation for applying Transformer concepts to detect IWs in SAR images.
Utilizing Macrophages Missile for Sulfate-Based Nanomedicine Delivery in Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liu Chang , Chen Yongyang , Xu Xiaoyu , Yin Miao , Zhang Hongbo , Su Wenmei
Published: July 2024

Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems are susceptible to premature drug leakage and systemic toxicity due to lack of specific targeting, and live-cell drug delivery is also prone to be restricted by drug carrier–cell interactions. Here, a method is established to adsorb drug-loaded nanomaterials externally to the live cells, which reduces cytotoxicity caused by drug uptake and improves the bioactivity of the carrier cells and drug release at the lesion site. It was found that polyphenols act like “double-sided tape” to bridge metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles with live macrophages (Mφ), attaching MOFs to the Mφ surface and minimizing intracellular uptake, with no negative effect on cell proliferation. On this basis, a “macrophage missile” with peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-loaded MOF nanoparticles on the cell surface was constructed. As a “propellant”, the Mφ, in which bioactivity is preserved, can selectively identify and target tumor cells, precisely bringing nanomedicines to the lesion. MOF nanoparticles are used to load and catalyze PMS, which acts as an exogenous source of reactive oxygen species, showing higher efficacy and lower toxicity in an oxygen-independent manner. The primary study results demonstrate that this innovative combination of biology and nanomaterials remarkably enhances tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic side effects. This approach is expected to provide a more effective and safer treatment for lung cancer and holds promise for broader applications in other cancer therapies.
Targeting the Cascade Amplification of Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor to Alleviate the Immunosuppressive Effects Following Radiotherapy
Authors: Liao Zhiyun , Wang Yijun , Yang Yuxin , Liu Xixi , Yang Xiao , Tian Yu , Deng Suke , Hu Yan , Meng Jingshu , Li Jie , Deng Yue , Zhou Zhiyuan , Wei Wenwen , Swift Michelle , Wan Chao , Sun Yajie , Yang Kunyu
Published: July 2024

Radiotherapy (RT) serves as the primary treatment for solid tumors. Its potential to incite an immune response against tumors both locally and distally profoundly impacts clinical outcomes. However, RT may also promote the accumulation of immunosuppressive cytokines and immunosuppressive cells, greatly impeding the activation of antitumor immune responses and substantially limiting the effectiveness of RT. Therefore, regulating post-RT immunosuppression to steer the immune milieu toward heightened activation potentially enhances RT’s therapeutic potential. Cytokines, potent orchestrators of diverse cellular responses, play a pivotal role in regulating this immunosuppressive response. Identifying and promptly neutralizing early released immunosuppressive cytokines are a crucial development in augmenting RT’s immunomodulatory effects. To this end, we conducted a screen of immunosuppressive cytokines following RT and identified macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) as an early up-regulated and persistent immune suppressor. Single-cell sequencing revealed that the main source of up-regulated MCSF derived from tumor cells. Mechanistic exploration revealed that irradiation-dependent phosphorylation of the p65 protein facilitated its binding to the MCSF gene promoter, enhancing transcription. Knockdown and chemical inhibitor experiments conclusively demonstrated that suppressing tumor cell-derived MCSF amplifies RT’s immune-activating effects, with optimal results achieved by early MCSF blockade after irradiation. Additionally, we validated that MCSF acted on macrophages, inducing the secretion of a large number of inhibitory cytokines. In summary, we propose a novel approach to enhance the immune activation effects of RT by blocking the MCSF-CSF1R signaling pathway early after irradiation.
Sosyal Güvenlik Hukukunda "Haklı Beklentiler"in Korunması Sorunu
Authors: Öztürk Yılmaz Berna
Published: July 2024

Sosyal sigorta ilişkisi süregelen bir nitelik taşıdığı için, bu hukuki ilişkiye ilişkin olarak mevzuatta yapılacak her tür değişiklik, sigortalının gelecekteki menfaatlerini etkileyecektir. Zira kişilerin sosyal sigorta ilişkisinde bir statüye girmiş olmaları, bu durumun değişmeksizin devam edeceğine dair bir hak bahşetmez. Burada tüm sonuçlarıyla ortaya çıkan/tamamlanan bir hukuki durum olmadığı için, sigortalıların değişen yasal düzenlemeler karşısında kazanılmış hak iddia etmesi mümkün değildir. Ancak, sigortalılar, belli koşulların varlığı halinde haklı beklentileri olduğunu iddia edebilir ve bu beklentinin hukuken korunmasını talep edebilirler. Haklı beklentilerin korunmasının özünde ise hukuki güvenlik, güven ilkesi, idari istikrar, hakkaniyet ve esasen hukuk devleti ilkesi yatmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, haklı beklentinin korunması oldukça çetrefilli bir meseledir. Bu makaleyle amaçlanan, sosyal güvenlik hukukunda haklı beklentilerin korunması meselesini, doktrin ve yargı kararları ışığında değerlendirmek ve esasen kanunların zaman bakımından uygulanması bağlamında haklı beklentilerin korunmasının mümkün olup olmadığı sorunsalını tartışmaktır.
RADIOPHYSICAL METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF AXIAL ASYMMETRY OF HEAT TRANSFER IN CLOSED SYSTEMS WITH LOCALIZED PHASE TRANSITIONS
Authors: Shergin S. S. ,   JSC “Ascold”, Skrypov M. А. ,   NPO “KVANT”
Published: July 2024

Modern heat pipes (HP), being special cooling devices, effectively ensure the continuous removal of thermal energy. Currently, the HP class is widely used in RES, the housings of which are made in the form of profiles of a special design made of aluminum alloys. The article discusses a new technique for diagnosing the quality of HP with a symmetrical structure by the asymmetry coefficient. It has been experimentally shown that the methods of the asymmetry coefficient and the isotherm shape coefficient, adapted to the diagnosis of the quality of heat pipes with a symmetrical structure, make it possible to identify the asymmetry of heat transfer in the presence of latent defects in the HP structure.
STUDY OF THE SILICON CARBIDE MODIFICATION BY RADIATION EROSION METHODS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ATMOSPHERE PHASE COMPOSITION: A REVIEW
Authors: Evstigneev D. A. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Kornyshev N. P. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: July 2024

As part of the study, a review of existing technologies for modifying silicon carbide for subsequent use when creating devices in radio engineering and telecommunications equipment was carried out. The main advantages of silicon carbide due to its properties, new methods of its processing taking the influence of the atmosphere phase composition into account are given, a physical and mathematical model of laser dimensional modification of silicon carbide crystals is given, a new technique for carrying out the regeneration process of erosion traces of radiation nature in silicon carbide crystals in a liquid medium is given, and also practical recommendations have been developed for the implementation of the method of laser dimensional modification of carbide crystals, distinguished by structural and technical solutions within the framework of automated technology for creating a mesa-planar design with elements of limiting the conductive connections of microsystems, based on the radiation erosion implementation in a gas and liquid environment, as well as a controlled regeneration process of erosion traces.
Experience in the Treatment of Non-Scarring Alopecia Areata Using a Biomedical Cell Product Based on Autologous Follicular Stem Cells
Authors: Музыченко А.П. , Сикирицкая В.В. , Квачева З.Б. , Василевич И.Б. , Кумова И.В. , Качук М.В. , Павлович Н.А. , Надейко А.П.
Published: July 2024

Введение. Алопеция является распространенным диагнозом в клинической практике. Наиболее частым ее видом является нерубцовая потеря волос, в большинстве случаев – андрогенная или телогеновая алопеция. Стволовые клетки фолликулярного происхождения благодаря своим пролиферативным свойствам лежат в основе регенеративного клеточного лечения выпадения волос. Цель. Изучение эффективности лечения нерубцовых алопеций с применением биомедицинского клеточного продукта на основе аутологичных фолликулярных стволовых клеток. Материалы и методы. Под динамическим наблюдением находился 21 пациент с верифицированным диагнозом андрогенной и телогеновой алопеции. Для оценки терапевтической эффективности апробируемого метода лечения были использованы трихоскопические критерии и дерматологический индекс качества жизни. Результаты. При оценке клинической эффективности проведенного лечения у 57% пациентов было достигнуто улучшение, что подтверждалось положительной динамикой показателей фототрихограмм. Таким образом, представленные данные свидетельствуют о терапевтической эффективности аутологичных фолликулярных стволовых клеток в лечении нерубцовых алопеций.

Introduction. Alopecia is a common diagnosis in clinical practice. The most prevalent type of alopecia is non-scarring alopecia, with the majority of cases being androgenetic alopecia or telogen effluvium. Because of its proliferative capabilities, follicle-derived stem cells lie at the heart of regenerative cellular treatment for hair restoration. Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy of treatment of non-scarring alopecia using a biomedical cell product based on autologous follicular stem cells. Materials and methods. This prospective study included 21 patients with androgenic alopecia and alopecia effluvium. Trichoscopic criteria and dermatological quality of life index were used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the approbabled treatment. Results. Improvement was achieved in 57% of patients after treatment, which was confirmed by phototrichograms. Thus, the presented data indicate the therapeutic efficacy of autologous follicular stem cells in the non- scarring alopecia treatment.
To the Question of Diagnostic Criteria and Pathogenetic Features of Netherton’s Syndrome
Authors: Заславский Д.В. , Горланов И.А. , Таганов А.В. , Дроздова Л.Н. , Большакова Е.С. , Манылова Е.С. , Бондарь О.И. , Кучеренко Е.В. , Козлова Д.В.
Published: July 2024

Линеарный огибающий ихтиоз Комеля – крайне редкое изолированное заболевание кожи, проявляющееся серпигинозными и мигрирующими эритематозными бляшками с ободком шелушения по периферии. Триада, включающая ихтиоз (у большинства – линеарный огибающий ихтиоз), изменения волос по типу Trichrrhexis invaginata и атопию, характеризует синдром Нетертона. На сегодняшний день нет сообщений об успешном лечении данного заболевания. Только благодаря современным возможностям медицинской генетики и лабораторной диагностики удалось установить патогенетические особенности заболевания, которые обусловлены мутацией гена SPINK5. Наличие мутации приводит к формированию дисфункции кожного барьера у пациентов, в результате чего при проникновении экзогенных антигенов в кожу формируется неспецифическое воспаление и активируется воспалительный ответ по Th2-пути. В мировой научной литературе опубликованы немногочисленные данные о лечении пациентов с заболеваниями из группы врожденных ихтиозов с применением дупилумаба. Полученные данные позволяют провести аналогию с патофизиологическими процессами при атопическом дерматите, в лечении которого наиболее эффективным сегодня является ингибитор IL-4, 13. Авторы наблюдали хороший клинический ответ у пациентов с заболеваниями из группы врожденных ихтиозов. Приводим описание успешного лечения пациента с линеарным огибающим ихтиозом Комеля в составе синдрома Нетертона с помощью ингибитора IL-4, 13 в педиатрической дерматологической практике.

Linear circumflex ichthyosis of Comel is an extremely rare isolated skin disease that manifests as serpiginous and migrating erythematous patches with double-edged scales. The triad of ichthyosis (often – linear circumflex ichthyosis), Trichorrhexis invaginata and atopy characterize Netherton syndrome. There are no reports of successful treatment of this disease. Due to the possibilities of medical genetics and laboratory diagnostics, it was possible to establish the pathogenetic features of the disease, which are caused by the mutation of the SPINK5 gene. This mutation leads to skin barrier dysfunction in patients, as a result exogenous antigens penetrate the skin, form there nonspecific inflammation and the activates inflammatory response mediated by Th2 pathway. Few data have been published in the world scientific literature about the treatment of patients with diseases from the group of congenital ichthyosis using dupilumab. Obtained data allow us to draw an analogy with the pathophysiological processes in atopic dermatitis, in the treatment of which the IL-4, 13 inhibitor is the most effective today. The authors observed a good clinical response in patients with diseases from the group of congenital ichthyosis. We describe the successful treatment of a patient with linear circumflex ichthyosis as a part of Netherton syndrome with an IL-4, 13 inhibitor in pediatric dermatological practice.
THE CONCEPT AND PROSPECTS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES
Authors: МАХНЕНКО С.И. , СИМОНОВ А.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается место криптовалютных рынков в мировой экономике. Определены ключевые риски активного внедрения достижений IT в финансовом секторе. Показано, что криптовалюты связаны с расчетными операциями, инвестиционной деятельностью и спекуляциями на валютных рынках. Утверждалось, что доступность оборудования для производства цифровых валют, Распространение доверия со стороны пользователей и представителей бизнеса способствуют продвижению криптовалют и проникновению цифровых технологий. валюты в различных сферах экономической деятельности. Рассматривалось привлечение дополнительных ресурсов в экономику в условиях незначительных затрат на выход на криптовалютный рынок, которые становятся фактором распространения криптовалютных активов.

Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kuban State University", Slavyansk-on-Kuban The article examines the place of cryptocurrency markets in the global economy. The key risks of active implementation of IT achievements in the financial sector have been identified. It is shown that cryptocurrencies are associated with settlement transactions, investment activities and speculation in the foreign exchange markets. It was argued that the availability of equipment for the production of digital currencies, the spread of trust from users and business representatives contribute to the promotion of cryptocurrencies and the penetration of digital technologies. currencies in various fields of economic activity. It was considered to attract additional resources to the economy in conditions of insignificant costs for entering the cryptocurrency market, which are becoming a factor in the spread of cryptocurrency assets.
The economic concept by H. De Soto and its inconsistency
Authors: Матусевич А.П.
Published: July 2024

В статье проводится анализ концепции перуанского экономиста неоинституцио нального направления Эрнандо де Сото. В первую очередь анализируется теория прав собственности, которая является краеугольным методологическим постулатом и самой теории, и практических ре комендаций на ее основе.

The article analyzes the concept of the Peruvian neo-institutional economist Hernando de Soto. First of all, the theory of property rights is analyzed, which is the cornerstone methodological postulate of both the theory itself and practical recommendations based on it.
Digital economy in China: current trends
Authors: Шкваря Л.В. , Хайлин Юй
Published: July 2024

В статье анализируются возможности Китая использовать преимущества эконо мики, основанной на применении и использовании цифровых данных, а также ограничения, с которыми он сталкивается, особенно в том, что касается цифровых данных и цифровых платформ. Однако в Китае сохраняются определенные проблемы и задачи, решение которых обеспечит устойчивый и дол госрочный социально-экономический прогресс.
The pharmaceutical market in Russia is the challenges of today
Authors: Просалова В.С. , Ветошкевич В.Г. , Гетман О.В. , Осипова Н.А.
Published: July 2024

Фармацевтический рынок в России является стратегически важным не только с экономической точки зрения, как перспективное направление для инвестиций, но и играет большую социальную роль с точки зрения гарантий национальной лекарственной безопасности государства. В связи с чем следует подробно рассмотреть состояние отечественного фармацевтического рынка, проблемы и перспективы его развития. В представленной статье рассматриваются вопросы, связан ные с государственным регулированием фармацевтической отрасли, созданием и развитием фарма цевтических предприятий. Обсуждаются вопросы, связанные с локализацией иностранных фармацев тических производств.

The pharmaceutical market in Russia was strategically important not only from an economic point of view, as a promising destination for investment, but also played a large social role in guaranteeing the national drug security of the State. The state of the domestic pharmaceutical market, the problems and prospects for its development should be considered in detail. The paper addressed issues related to the State regulation of the pharmaceutical industry, the establishment and development of pharmaceutical enterprises. Issues related to localizational foreign pharmaceutical production are discussed.
Основные проблемы и направления развития экспортного потенциала региона
Authors: Исаев М.Г. , Султанов Г.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье изучено понятие «экспортного потенциала» в экономической литературе. Рассмотрены проблемы и пути развития экспортного потенциала региона. Изучена внешнеэкономическая активность региона на материалах Республики Дагестан. Приведены показатели оценки внешнеэкономическая деятельности региона. Предложены в перспективе для реализации мероприятия по повышению экспортного потенциала региона.
ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS OF THE LEVEL OF CONCENTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS IN THE MARKET OF MANUFACTURERS OF PAPER STATIONERY
Authors: АЛАШКЕВИЧ Ю.Д. АЛАШКЕВИЧ Ю.Д. , РУБИНСКАЯ А.В. РУБИНСКАЯ А.В. , КОЖУХОВ В.А. КОЖУХОВ В.А. , САВЕНКОВ С.С. САВЕНКОВ С.С. , ВОРОНИН И.А. ВОРОНИН И.А.
Published: July 2024

Современный рынок бумажных канцелярских принадлежностей представляет собой важный сектор, влияющий на множество отраслей и сфер деятельности. В данной статье проводится анализ показателей уровня концентрации производителей на рынке бумажных канцелярских принадлежностей с целью оценки состояния конкуренции и перспектив развития данного сегмента. Статья начинается с обзора текущей ситуации на рынке, анализа основных игроков и их доли рынка, а также рассмотрения конкурентных преимуществ и слабостей производителей. Затем проводится оценка динамики рынка. Далее авторы делают выводы, основанные на проведенном анализе. Они подчеркивают, что рынок бумажных канцелярских принадлежностей имеет умеренный уровень концентрации производителей, что способствует сохранению конкуренции и разнообразия предложений. Они также отмечают важность конкуренции для потребителей, с высоким выбором, доступными ценами и инновационными продуктами.

The modern paper stationery market is an important sector affecting many industries and fields of activity. This article analyzes the indicators of the level of concentration of manufacturers in the paper stationery market in order to assess the state of competition and prospects for the development of this segment. The article begins with an overview of the current market situation, an analysis of the main players and their market share, as well as a review of the competitive advantages and weaknesses of manufacturers. Then the market dynamics is assessed. Further, the authors draw conclusions based on the analysis. They emphasize that the paper stationery market has a moderate concentration of manufacturers, which contributes to maintaining competition and diversity of offers. They also point out the importance of competition for consumers, with high choice, affordable prices and innovative products.
SPECIFICS AND PROBLEMS OF BANKRUPTCY OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: АРАКЕЛЯН Г.А. АРАКЕЛЯН Г.А.
Published: July 2024

Данная научная статья посвящена изучению специфики и проблематики банкротства физических лиц в Российской Федерации. В статье рассматривается текущее состояние и особенности банкротства физических лиц в правовом контексте России, а также анализируются основные проблемы и вызовы, с которыми сталкиваются граждане, находящиеся в процессе банкротства. Особое внимание уделяется законодательным актам, регулирующим процедуры банкротства физических лиц, и предлагаемым мерам по улучшению данной ситуации.

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the specifics and problems of bankruptcy of individuals in the Russian Federation. The article examines the current state and features of bankruptcy of individuals in the legal context of Russia, and also analyzes the main problems and challenges faced by citizens in the process of bankruptcy. Particular attention is paid to legislative acts regulating bankruptcy procedures for individuals and proposed measures to improve this situation.
YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT: CURRENT STATE AND FORECAST
Authors: БОГОМОЛОВА А.С. БОГОМОЛОВА А.С.
Published: July 2024

Научная статья "Молодежная безработица: современное состояние и прогноз", посвящена анализу текущей ситуации с молодежной безработицей, ее причин и прогнозу на будущее. Автор проводит исследование на основе данных о безработице среди молодежи в различных странах, выделяя факторы, такие как экономические кризисы, технологические изменения, образование и трудоустройство. В статье также рассматриваются современные стратегии решения проблемы молодежной безработицы и предлагаются прогнозы по развитию этой проблемы. Исследование основано на данных Всемирного банка, Международной организации труда и академических источниках.

The scientific article "Youth Unemployment: Current State and Forecast" is dedicated to analyzing the current situation of youth unemployment, its causes, and future forecasts. The author conducts research based on data on youth unemployment in various countries, highlighting factors such as economic crises, technological changes, education, and employment. The article also discusses modern strategies to address youth unemployment and provides forecasts for the development of this issue. The research is based on data from the World Bank, the International Labour Organization, and academic sources.
TAX INCENTIVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IT INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: СТЕБА Н.Д. СТЕБА Н.Д. , ЛОХМАЧЕВА К.Е. ЛОХМАЧЕВА К.Е.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены особенности налогообложения IT-отрасли на современном этапе, методы налогового стимулирования развития отрасли. Оценка динамики показателей, характеризующих деятельность IT-компаний позволила сделать выводы о значимости реализации методов налогового стимулирования развития IT-отрасли.

The article considers the peculiarities of taxation of the IT industry at the present stage, methods of tax incentives for the development of the industry. An assessment of the dynamics of indicators characterizing the activities of IT companies allowed us to draw conclusions about the importance of implementing methods of tax incentives for the development of the IT industry.
PERSPECTIVES FOR THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN EAEU UNDER CONDITIONS OF ACCELERATED AND BALANCED DEVELOPMENT
Authors: МИНАКОВ А.В. МИНАКОВ А.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье исследованы теоретические и практические аспекты развития цифровой экономики в странах ЕАЭС. Охарактеризованы достигнутые результаты развития цифровой экономики в отдельных странах, входящих в состав ЕАЭС, рассмотрены важнейшие проекты цифровой трансформации экономики интеграционного объединения. Разработаны рекомендации, направленные на ускоренное и сбалансированное развитие цифровой экономики в ЕАЭС, включающие: активизацию кросс-отраслевой цифровой трансформации, создание сети центров цифровых компетенций, выстраивание целостной цифровой экосистемы ЕАЭС, учитывающей цели и различия цифровой трансформации участников. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке и совершенствовании политики развития цифровой экономики в стране.

The article describes the theoretical and practical aspects of the development of the digital economy in the EAEU. Are also characterized the achieved results of the digital economy development in EAEUl countries, are considered the most important projects of the digital transformation. Authors have developed recommendations needed for the accelerated and balanced development of the digital economy in the EAEU, including: intensifying cross-industry digital transformation, creating a network of digital competence centers, building a holistic digital ecosystem of the EAEU, taking into account the goals and differences of the digital transformation of participants. The results of the study can be used in developing and improving policies for the development of the digital economy in the country.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF CORPORATE INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
Authors: МИЛОЕНКО Е.В. МИЛОЕНКО Е.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье представлено обобщение теоретического и практического опыта развития корпоративного страхования в Российской Федерации. В результате проведенного исследования автором были выявлены основные направления и проблемы формирования страховых пакетов по страхованию имущества экономических агентов на примере страховой компании, обозначены возможности увеличения страховых сборов и привлечения потенциальных клиентов в условиях нестабильной мировой ситуации в экономике.

The article summarizes the theoretical and practical experience of the development of corporate insurance in the Russian Federation. Because of the conducted research, the author identified the main directions and problems of forming insurance packages for property insurance of economic agents on the example of an insurance company, identified the possibilities of increasing insurance fees and attracting potential customers in an unstable global economic situation.
EXIT PATH FROM THE SANCTIONS TRAP
Authors: ЛЕБЕДЕВ А.А. ЛЕБЕДЕВ А.А.
Published: July 2024

В данной статье рассматриваются возможные «пути обхода» и конкретные меры нивелирования негативного эффекта санкционной политики Запада. Особое внимание уделяется поиску новых рынков сбыта и инструментарию для создания стабильной и независимой экономики страны.

This article examines the possible ways of sanctions evasion and the exact measures of levelling the negative effect of sanctions policy of the collective West. With special focus on the new export markets to enter and on the instruments to create well-oiled economy.
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS RELATED TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SOCIAL RATING SYSTEM IN RUSSIA
Authors: ТАГАРОВ Б.Ж. ТАГАРОВ Б.Ж. , САЛАХИ Д.Э. САЛАХИ Д.Э.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрена проблема внедрения концепции социального рейтинга, как инструмента государственного регулирование. Проведен анализ существующей источников и обобщен накопленный опыт, в частности, Китая, частного сектора и пр. Определены источники информации для формирования социального рейтинга. Выделены возможности и угрозы внедрения системы социального рейтинга, исследованные в литературе и предложены к рассмотрению последствия, которым, по мнению авторов, не было уделено должного внимания в научных исследованиях.

The article considers the problem of introducing the concept of social rating as an instrument of state regulation. The analysis of existing sources is carried out and the accumulated experience, in particular, of China, the private sector, etc., is summarized. The sources of information for the formation of a social rating have been identified. The possibilities and threats of the introduction of the social rating system, investigated in the literature, are highlighted and the consequences, which, according to the authors, have not been given due attention in scientific research, are proposed for consideration.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FINANCIAL MARKET
Authors: ЛАРИОНОВА Н.П. ЛАРИОНОВА Н.П.
Published: July 2024

За последние годы наблюдается рост решений с использованием новейших технологических достижений, формирующих новые сегменты экономической деятельности. Цифровая революция открыла дорогу для продвижения подрывных технологий и в финансовую индустрию.

In recent years, there has been an increase in solutions using the latest technological advances, creating new segments of economic activity. The digital revolution has paved the way for the advancement of disruptive technologies into the financial industry.
IMPROVING A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM FOR MEASURING AND ASSESSING THE LEVEL AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION
Authors: ДУБРОВСКИЙ А.В. ДУБРОВСКИЙ А.В. , ЩЕННИКОВА В.Н. ЩЕННИКОВА В.Н.
Published: July 2024

Представленное исследование раскрывает различные подходы в части определения качества и уровня жизни. В результате проведенного анализа выявлено, что существующие методики не позволяют исчерпывающе и объективно провести анализ качества и уровня жизни в Российской Федерации и её субъектах. Основная задача государственных регуляторов в области жизненных стандартов граждан заключается в повышении этих критериев для различных социальных слоев России. Использование нормативно-правового регулирования и программно-целевого подхода позволяют повысить результативность и социальную эффективность деятельности в социально-экономических секторах.

The presented study reveals different approaches to determining the quality and standard of living. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that existing methods do not allow an exhaustive and objective analysis of the quality and standard of living in the Russian Federation and its constituent entities. The main task of state regulators in the field of living standards of citizens is to increase these criteria for various social strata of Russia. The use of legal regulation and a program-targeted approach makes it possible to increase the effectiveness and social efficiency of activities in socio-economic sectors.
SPORTS INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES IN THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL TASKS OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: РОМАНОВА А.И. РОМАНОВА А.И. , ТЕРЕНТЬЕВ А.Г. ТЕРЕНТЬЕВ А.Г. , ГАСАНЗАДЕ Д.А. ГАСАНЗАДЕ Д.А.
Published: July 2024

В современном мире спорт играет важную роль в воспитании здорового поколения, спортивные объекты становясь градостроительными доминантами, делают населенные пункты более привлекательными. Целью статьи является изучение развития спортивных услуг. Республике Татарстан активно предпринимаются меры по поддержанию отрасли физической культуры и спорта: формируется любительский спорт, реализуется Всероссийский физкультурно-спортивный комплекс «ГТО», развивается инфраструктура, проводятся массовые спортивные мероприятия различных уровней. Как показал анализ, крупные спортивные объекты не всегда находятся в шаговой доступности жителей спальных районов. Необходимо создание сети небольших танцевальных клубов, секций аэробики, шейпинга. В связи с этим, в работе рассмотрены экономические аспекты открытия секции спортивной аэробики.

In the modern world, sport plays an important role in raising a healthy generation; sports facilities, becoming urban dominants, make settlements more attractive. The purpose of the article is to study the development of sports services. The Republic of Tatarstan is actively taking measures to support the field of physical culture and sports: amateur sports are being formed, the All-Russian physical culture and sports complex “GTO” is being implemented, infrastructure is being developed, and mass sporting events of various levels are being held. As the analysis showed, large sports facilities are not always within walking distance of residents of residential areas. It is necessary to create a network of small dance clubs, aerobics and shaping sections. In this regard, the work examines the economic aspects of opening a sports aerobics section.
THREATS AND RISKS OF VIOLATION OF INFORMATION SECURITY OF DATABASES
Authors: ИСМАГИЛОВ И.Р. ИСМАГИЛОВ И.Р. , АБДУЛЛИН И.Х. АБДУЛЛИН И.Х.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассмотрены угрозы и риски нарушения информационной безопасности баз данных. Приведены примеры известных кибератак на базы данных, техник внешних и внутренних нарушителей. Предложены современные технологии и практики для снижения экономического ущерба от кибератак на базы данных.

The article discusses the threats and risks of violating the information security of databases. Examples of known cyber attacks on databases, techniques of external and internal adversaries are given. Modern technologies and practices are proposed to reduce economic damage from cyber attacks on databases.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE POLICY OF STIMULATING AND SUPPORTING IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN RUSSIA
Authors: РЫЖОВ И.В. РЫЖОВ И.В. , ТИМОФЕЕВА А.Н. ТИМОФЕЕВА А.Н.
Published: July 2024

В статье осуществлен анализ проблем и определение перспектив развития государственной политики стимулирования импортозамещения в российской экономике. Анализ проблем показал, что технологическое отставание в ряде отраслей промышленного производства, отсутствие эффективных механизмов трансфера технологий, а также высокий уровень износа основных фондов представляют собой существенные барьеры на пути достижения целей реализуемой политики импортозамещения. Определены перспективные направления развития государственной политики по стимулированию и поддержке импортозамещения.

The article analyzes the problems and determines the prospects for the development of the state policy of stimulating import substitution in the Russian economy. The analysis of the problems showed that the technological lag in a number of industrial sectors, the lack of effective technology transfer mechanisms, as well as the high level of depreciation of fixed assets represent significant barriers to achieving the goals of the implemented import substitution policy. Promising directions for the development of state policy to stimulate and support import substitution have been identified.