bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Psychological Time in Late Socialization. A SEM Analysis
Authors: Zabelina Ekaterina V. , Deyneka Olga S. , Chestyunina Yulia V. , Vedeneeva Ekaterina V.
Published: October 2023

Background. Psychological time, a subjective reflection of the objective passage of time, has age specific characteristics and can be considered a resource for adaptation to difficult life situations (Pultz, & Hviid, 2016). We assume that the components of psychological time are also a resource for adaptation to retirement, smoothing out undesirable social and biological changes in retirees’ lives. Objective. This study explores this hypothesis by identifying the contribution of the cognitive component of psychological time – temporal focus and subjective age – to the effectiveness of late socialization. Design. The developed theoretical model was verified by the SEM method on the sample of retirees from Chelyabinsk, Russia (N = 291). To collect the empirical data we used the Temporal Focus Scale (Shipp et al., 2009), the Age of Me (Barak, 2009), the Life Satisfaction Scale (Diener & Lucas, 1999), the Income Satisfaction Scale (Deyneka, 2000), and questionnaire variables. Results. Temporal focus and subjective age mediated the influence of biological and social variables on the retirees’ subjective well-being. A younger subjective age smoothed the contribution of educational level, working status, and disability, whilst the current and future focuses mediated the association between religiosity and various parameters of satisfaction. Conclusion. The results of the study broaden the understanding of psychological time in late socialization process. A pronounced focus on the present, along with younger subjective age, can be seen as psychological resources, allowing for better adaptation to the social status of a retiree; that is, increasing the effectiveness of late socialization.
Moral Twin Earth Strikes Back: Against a Neo-Aristotelian Hope
Authors: Rubin Michael
Published: October 2023

A key objection to naturalistic versions of moral realism is that the (meta)semantics to which they are committed yields incorrect semantic verdicts about so-called Moral Twin Earth cases. Recently, it has been proposed that the Moral Twin Earth challenge can be answered by adopting a neo-Aristotelian semantics for moral expressions. In this paper, I argue that this proposal fails. First, however attractive the central claims of neo-Aristotelianism are, they do not for us have the status of analytic constraints on the use of ethical expressions, as they must if they are to block Moral Twin Earth counterexamples. Second, even when the neo-Aristotelian’s claims are taken as non-negotiable analytic constraints, the semantics faces a dilemma: if characteristic human functioning is understood in an ethically neutral way, the semantics yields an incorrect intension for ‘good human.’ If human functioning is understood in an ethically partisan way, the semantics fails to avoid problematic Moral Twin Earth counterexamples.
Fashioning a Persianate Offspring for a Modern India: Urdu Visions of Persian Pasts, 1890s–1950s
Authors: Fatima Maryam , Amstutz Andrew
Published: October 2023

This article addresses how some influential Indian Muslim intellectuals conceptualized and imagined the Urdu language as the linguistic offspring and heir of the Persian language and Persianate textual cultures from the late nineteenth century through the early 1950s. As the symbolic and material value of Persian gradually declined in India, select Persianate idioms, genres, and histories were drafted for Urdu’s modernity. This article considers the significance of Persian as it was variously construed as either a burden or a model by Urdu scholars and as either a worthy or unworthy predecessor for Urdu from the 1890s to the 1950s. It traces the shifting textual processes by which three prominent Indian Muslim intellectuals constructed a parent-offspring relationship between Persian and Urdu in response to colonial education reforms, competing national projects, and pan-Islamic intellectual currents. In summary, this article excavates the many uses that Persian served as it was simultaneously erased from and encoded into Urdu’s anticipated futures.
An updated Checklist of the Myospila Rondani (Diptera: Muscidae) of India with description of a new species
Authors: JANA NANDAN , HAZARI PRAVAS , SINHA SHUVRA KANTI , WEI LIANMENG
Published: October 2023

A list of 19 species of the genus Myospila Rondani, 1856 (Diptera, Muscidae) from India is prepared based on our collection and available literature. The study documented a new species, Myospila himalayensis Jana, Hazari & Sinha, sp. nov., from Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. A description of the new species is provided, along with male terminalia figured and described. Taxonomic notes on the closely related species are also illustrated.
A new species of the coral-symbiont crab genus Cymo de Haan, 1833 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Xanthidae) from Nansha Islands, the South China Sea
Authors: YUAN ZI-MING , JIANG WEI , SHA ZHONG-LI
Published: October 2023

A new species of coral-symbiont crab, Cymo mazu sp. nov., is described from the Nansha Islands in the South China Sea. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by several unique morphological characteristics, including a smooth carapace armed with isolated spiny granules, chelipeds featuring large spines and granules, and a strongly concave endopodite of the first maxilliped. Molecular analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA barcodes provides further support for the identification of the new species. The relationships between the new species and its congeners were elucidated through a combination of morphological and molecular evidence. Diagnostic characteristics for differentiation among species of Cymo are discussed, and an updated key to the species of the genus is provided.
A Modification of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Nomogram for Undifferentiated Sarcoma With External Validation and Risk Stratification
Authors: Yuan Jin , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Shuguang , Yu Shengji
Published: October 2023

Background

The aim of this study is to establish a model to predict the overall survival (OS) and stratify the risk of postoperative patients with undifferentiated sarcoma.

Methods

A total of 452 postoperative patients with undifferentiated sarcoma in the trunk and extremity from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database were enrolled as the training cohort. We collected a group of 163 undifferentiated sarcoma patients from our center as the external validation cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to screen survival-associated factors for the construction of the nomogram. Concordance-indexes (C-indexes), calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristics (ROCs) curves were applied for the discrimination and calibration of the nomogram. The cutoff value of nomogram-based total points was applied to stratify the risk of patients.

Results

A nomogram was developed incorporating four independent factors: age, tumor site, eighth AJCC stage, and radiotherapy. The nomogram showed good prognostic accuracy and excellent agreement in the training and validation cohort, with C-indexes of .701 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .683-.719) and .700 (95% CI: 0.659-.741), respectively. Furthermore, we identified the best cutoff value of nomogram total points (103.2) as the predicted risk and divided the patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Significant differences in OS between the two groups were indicated in the training cohort and external validation cohort, showing the appreciable clinical validity and clinical utility of the nomogram ( P < .001).

Conclusion

This nomogram provides an insightful and applicable tool for individual evaluations and the distinguishment of risk for patients with undifferentiated sarcoma.
Peer Influence on Youth Delinquency: How Does School-Level Teacher Quality Matter?
Authors: Sun Guyu , Zhang Tony Huiquan
Published: October 2023

This study contributes to the literature on peer influence and delinquency by examining the moderating role of school-level teacher quality in contemporary China. Based on social control theory and taking an ecological perspective, our multilevel analysis of the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) data found that among Chinese middle school students, affiliation with deviant peers correlated with delinquent behaviors; this peer effect was moderated by the proportion of accredited senior teachers at school. With high school-level teacher quality, youth delinquency can be suppressed despite deviant peers; in the absence of qualified personnel, delinquency will emerge with deviant peer affiliation. Our findings suggest China’s educational disparities could lead to diverging behavioral risks among youth, potentially reinforcing existing social inequalities in China.
Are Female Politicians Interested in Mentoring Female Aspirants? A Study of Selected Female Politicians in Nigeria
Authors: Salawu Ibrahim A.
Published: October 2023

There has hardly been any study that focuses on mentorship as a way of bringing more women into the political sphere in Nigeria. This study seeks to find out the role of female politicians in mentoring other aspiring female politicians in Nigeria. It adopts qualitative research methods using interview instrument. Responses were obtained from two female politicians from a purposively sampled population based on their mentorship qualities. The study finds that mentorship activities are restricted because women themselves barely get enough opportunities to enable them to become mentors. It recommends an improvement in mentorship by successful female politicians.
Cumulative Unionization and Physical Health Disparities among Older Adults
Authors: Han Xiaowen , VanHeuvelen Tom , Mortimer Jeylan T. , Parolin Zachary
Published: October 2023

Whereas previous research shows that union membership is associated with improved health, static measurements have been used to test dynamic theories linking the two. We construct a novel measure of cumulative unionization, tracking individuals across their entire careers, to examine health consequences in older adulthood. We use data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1970–2019) and predict self-rated health, functional limitations, and chronic health conditions in ages 60 to 79 using cumulative unionization measured during respondents’ careers. Results from growth models show that unionized careers are associated with .25 SD to .30 SD improvements in health among older adults across all measures. Analyses of life course mechanisms reveal heterogeneous effects across unionization timing, age in older adulthood, and birth cohort. Moreover, subgroup analyses reveal unionization to partially, but not fully, ameliorate disparities based on privileged social positions. Our findings reveal a substantial and novel mechanism driving older adulthood health disparities.
Teachers coping in the classroom
Authors: Hood Christine E. , Horn Ilana , McGugan Katherine Schneeberger , Underwood Karen , Smith Jessica , Garner Brette
Published: October 2023

Just like their students, teachers face mental health struggles in their classrooms. Many of them must learn to cope with teacher-facing trauma while balancing students’ needs and commitment to teaching, which is emotionally exhausting. Authors Christine E. Hood, Ilana Horn, Katherine Schneeberger McGugan, Karen Underwood, Jessica Smith, and Brette Garner write about a case of a teacher whose well-being was negatively affected by trauma as well as a lack of institutional support available to help her cope or process with that trauma.
Needed: More school psychologists
Authors: Lipkin Seth
Published: October 2023

The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) estimates that the U.S. needs approximately 63,000 more school psychologists to meet the recommended ratio of one student per 500 school psychologists. This would ensure every student has access to comprehensive school psychological services. Unfortunately, while students are facing a mental health crisis after the pandemic, the school psychologist shortage is getting worse. NASP’s Seth Lipkin writes about the urgent need for more school psychologists and outlines several potential solutions at the local, state, and federal levels that could help.
Avoid evidence-based practices and the What Works Clearinghouse — unless…
Authors: Pogrow Stanley
Published: October 2023

Educators who are urged to use evidence-based practices to improve instruction often end up disappointed at the results, which fall short of those touted in the research and by the What Works Clearinghouse. Stanley Pogrow explains how common strategies researchers use to demonstrate evidence of success, such as statistical significance of or effect size, can make results seem more dramatic than they are. Such measures are more valuable to researchers than to educators who are looking for interventions that will make a difference in their classrooms or schools. Pogrow offers recommendations for both educators and the research community for improving the state of education research.
Under the law: A case for social and emotional learning
Authors: Kim Robert
Published: October 2023

Social-emotional learning (SEL) has been a staple in U.S. schools for decades, but it’s recently drawn criticism from policy makers and advocates who believe these programs represent government intrusion into areas best reserved for families. Robert Kim describes some of the legal arguments that support the use of SEL in schools. SEL programs can help foster equitable and nondiscriminatory environments, promote independence of students with disabilities, and help students learn to recognize and report instances of abuse. Both courts and the federal government have used the presence or lack of SEL programs as an indicator of whether schools are fulfilling their obligations to protect students’ rights. For this reason, SEL programs can help schools avoid legal liability, even as they help students grow in important ways
Differing Perceptions of Criminal Justice and Views of Law Enforcement: A Cluster-Analytic Approach to Racial-Ethnic Identities
Authors: Rogers Richard , Tazi Kamar Y. , Pan Minqi , Williamson-Butler Shannon R.
Published: October 2023

Race and ethnicity within psycholegal research have often been treated as nominal variables which ignores their rich within-cultural diversity and can sometimes lead to sweeping pejorative conclusions (e.g., higher prevalence of arrests). The development of several salient measures of racial-ethnic attitudes—such as the CERIS-A and MEIM—has sparked a refocusing on dimensional perspectives of race and ethnicity. This refocus becomes especially important when examining views of law enforcement and criminal justice in light of unwarranted deaths of minoritized groups while in police custody. The current study recruited a juror-eligible, online community sample (i.e., MTurk) to study their views of justice and police. Using the seven subscales of the CERIS-A, four cluster groups were identified that spanned participants’ race and ethnicity. Unique patterns emerged when comparing the four groups. For example, the cluster high on both multiculturalism and their own racial-ethnic identity had far more negative views of police conduct regarding its lawfulness and fairness. Further differences emerged for views of criminal justice including the death penalty. The research implications of these findings were discussed.
The urban political ecology of the commons or commoning as a socio-natural process: The case of the Peri-Urban Gardening group in Thessaloniki
Authors: Karagianni Maria
Published: October 2023

This paper casts the foundations for the development of an urban political ecology of the commons, drawing on the case of a guerrilla gardening initiative in Thessaloniki, Greece. In doing so, it draws on the literature of urban political ecology and its ontological and epistemological underpinnings and argues for a reconceptualisation of urban commoning as a socio-natural, productive process. Understanding commoning as inherently socio-natural, the product of discursive and material practices, opens new horizons for both academic research and activist engagement in efforts to imagine and build alternative urban futures. The commoning practices of the Peri-Urban Gardening Group of Karatassou, in Thessaloniki, serve as a heuristic case study for the development of a holistic methodological framework that uncovers the equal significance of discursive and material commoning practices and processes.
‘Ultimate optimism’: the twin critical visions of E.H. Carr and Reinhold Niebuhr
Authors: Siegal Avi
Published: October 2023

This essay elucidates the deep affinity between the political theories of E.H. Carr and Reinhold Niebuhr. Central to this affinity was their shared advocacy of an ongoing dialectic between vision and critique, or (in their words) utopianism and realism. The immediate justification for this essay is the surprising dearth of extended comparisons of Carr and Niebuhr, even though Carr in The Twenty Years’ Crisis acknowledges a particular debt to Niebuhr and cites Niebuhr seven times in that work. Comparing Carr and Niebuhr also reveals the Marxist roots of their dialectical approach and highlights their adamant refusal to proclaim themselves ‘realists’. The essay thus encourages the discipline of international relations to seek its genealogy in the tradition of radical political thought and to reassess the common assumption that Carr and Niebuhr are founders of the modern realist approach. In the author’s view, the ‘ultimate optimism’ of Carr and Niebuhr, though widely underappreciated, is compelling.
Intra-urban migration and perceptions of neighborhood cohesion in urban China: The case of Guangzhou
Authors: Mao Sanqin , Lu Tingting , Fu Tianlan
Published: October 2023

Although the consequences of intra-urban migration have received wide attention, few studies have elucidated whether and how processes of intra-urban migration are associated with perceptions of neighborhood cohesion. This paper tries to extend the literature on neighborhood cohesion by explicitly incorporating the experience of past intra-urban residential moves into multilevel analysis based on a large-scale survey undertaken in Guangzhou. The results reveal that features of intra-urban migration (e.g., tenure shift, change in housing type and frequencies of intra-urban residential movement) have discernible effects on four different dimensions of neighborhood cohesion: Social solidarity, neighborly acquaintance, social trust and informal social control. The findings not only contribute to a more refined understanding of intra-urban migration influences, but also suggest considering a more exhaustive measure of residential history in future explanations of neighborhood cohesion.
Navigation Support for Students with Intellectual Disability Using Mobile Devices
Authors: Hester Olivia R. , Cooney Lori E. , McMahon Don D.
Published: October 2023

Since the passing of the Higher Education Opportunity Act in 2008, more students with intellectual disability are being admitted to inclusive postsecondary education programs at U.S. colleges and universities. One of the challenges many students with intellectual disability face when arriving on a college campus is learning to navigate their new surroundings independently. We share how postsecondary education programs can use an assistive technology, Google My Maps, to customize maps to address each student’s unique needs in independently navigating the college campus and the surrounding community. Also discussed are ways to infuse person-centered planning into Google My Maps. Implications for practice and future research directions are discussed.
Chatting with GPT: Enhancing Individualized Education Program Goal Development for Novice Special Education Teachers
Authors: Rakap Salih
Published: October 2023

Novice special education teachers often face challenges in developing high-quality Individualized Education Program (IEP) goals for children with autism. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT, has shown potential in supporting teachers in IEP development. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ChatGPT on the quality, content, and time spent on IEP goal development for novice special education teachers. Moreover, impact of previous training on IEP and goal development was examined. 22 novice special education teachers were randomly assigned to either the ChatGPT group or the control group. Participants developed IEP goals for five children with autism, and the quality of the goals was assessed using the Revised IEP/IFSP Goals and Objective Rating Instrument. The use of ChatGPT significantly improved the quality of IEP goals developed by novice special education teachers, regardless of previous training status. Moreover, novice teachers who used ChatGPT spent significantly less time developing IEP goals compared to those who did not use ChatGPT. Furthermore, the IEP goals developed by the ChatGPT group were more comprehensive, addressing specific strengths and needs of children with autism, in comparison to the goals developed by the control group. The findings suggest that the use of ChatGPT can be a valuable tool in supporting novice special education teachers in developing high-quality IEP goals efficiently. The study highlights the importance of providing training on IEP development and the potential benefits of AI tools in general and special education practice.
Tinder and Time Work through the Lens of Gender: Temporal Agency, Technology, and Intimacy
Authors: Stoicescu Maria , Flaherty Michael G.
Published: October 2023

Time work has served as part of the conceptual framework for research that explores the connection between agency and temporal experience. We advance this line of inquiry by asking how temporal agency is refracted through the lens of gender when people use the Tinder dating app. Our analysis is based on 44 semistructured interviews with Tinder users in Romania conducted between 2019 and 2022. Tinder is designed to promote a fast-paced dating dynamic, but our findings show that people customize various dimensions of their temporal experience, including duration, frequency, sequence, timing, allocation, and stealing time. Users strive to develop temporal tactics that suit their dating aims while typically adhering to gendered expectations.
Behavioral Weight Loss Interventions for Overweight and Obese Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barnason Susan , Schuelke Sue , Miller Jennifer N. , Miller Jessica J. , Johnson Beller Rebecca
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this systematic review was to identify evidence pertaining to the effectiveness of behavioral weight loss interventions for overweight and obese cardiac rehabilitation participants. A database search of PUBMED, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PROSPERO yielded 10 eligible studies. Quantitative studies implementing behavioral weight loss interventions for overweight and obese adult cardiac rehabilitation participants were reviewed. Evidence supported the usefulness and effectiveness of behavioral weight loss interventions for overweight cardiac rehabilitation participants. With the limited number of studies and inclusion of quasi-experimental studies with comparative groups, it was not possible to determine the relative power of behavioral weight loss interventions across studies. In conclusion, behavioral weight loss interventions can be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation or offered following cardiac rehabilitation to improve weight loss of overweight and obese cardiac rehabilitation participants. Findings reinforce national guidelines emphasizing the role of cardiac rehabilitation to address secondary cardiovascular disease risk factor modification, including integrating behavioral weight loss programs in cardiac rehabilitation, or referring overweight patients to weight management programs following completion of cardiac rehabilitation.
Multi-robot, multi-sensor exploration of multifarious environments with full mission aerial autonomy
Authors: Best Graeme , Garg Rohit , Keller John , Hollinger Geoffrey A. , Scherer Sebastian
Published: October 2023

We present a coordinated autonomy pipeline for multi-sensor exploration of confined environments. We simultaneously address four broad challenges that are typically overlooked in prior work: (a) make effective use of both range and vision sensing modalities, (b) perform this exploration across a wide range of environments, (c) be resilient to adverse events, and (d) execute this onboard teams of physical robots. Our solution centers around a behavior tree architecture, which adaptively switches between various behaviors involving coordinated exploration and responding to adverse events. Our exploration strategy exploits the benefits of both visual and range sensors with a generalized frontier-based exploration algorithm and an OpenVDB-based map processing pipeline. Our local planner utilizes a dynamically feasible trajectory library and a GPU-based Euclidean distance transform map to allow fast and safe navigation through both tight doorways and expansive spaces. The autonomy pipeline is evaluated with an extensive set of field experiments, with teams of up to three robots that fly up to 3 m/s and distances exceeding 1 km in confined spaces. We provide a summary of various field experiments and detail resilient behaviors that arose: maneuvering narrow doorways, adapting to unexpected environment changes, and emergency landing. Experiments are also detailed from the DARPA Subterranean Challenge, where our proposed autonomy pipeline contributed to us winning the “Most Sectors Explored” award. We provide an extended discussion of lessons learned, release software as open source, and present a video that illustrates our extensive field trials.
Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and the STAT1/3 pathway in canine chronic enteropathy and intestinal T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Kojima Kazuhiro , Chambers James K. , Nakashima Ko , Uchida Kazuyuki
Published: October 2023

The accumulation of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) is a histopathological feature of canine chronic enteropathy (CE), and IELs are considered the cells of origin of intestinal T-cell lymphoma (ITCL). However, the pathogenic mechanism of IEL activation in CE remains unclear. This study hypothesized that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, associated with cytotoxic T/NK-cell activation, is upregulated in CE and ITCL, and examined the expression of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12p35, IL-12p40, IL-15, and IL-21 and the downstream signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway in the duodenal mucosa of dogs without lesions ( n = 11; NC), with IEL–CE ( n = 19; CE without intraepithelial lymphocytosis), IEL+CE ( n = 29; CE with intraepithelial lymphocytosis), and with ITCL ( n = 60). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that IFN-γ and IL-21 were higher in IEL+CE than in IEL–CE or NC. Western blot revealed upregulation of STAT1 and STAT3 in IEL+CE. Double-labeling immunohistochemistry revealed a positive correlation between the Ki67 index of CD3+ T-cells and IFN-γ expression levels. Immunohistochemistry revealed a higher ratio of p-STAT1-positive villi in IEL+CE and ITCL than IEL–CE and NC, which positively correlated with IFN-γ expression levels. Among the 60 ITCL cases, neoplastic lymphocytes were immunopositive for p-STAT1 in 28 cases and p-STAT3 in 29 cases. These results suggest that IFN-γ and IL-21 contribute to the pathogenesis of IEL+CE, and IFN-γ may be involved in T-cell activation and mucosal injury in CE. STAT1 and STAT3 activation in ITCL cells suggests a role for the upregulation of the STAT pathway in the pathogenesis of ITCL.
Music performance anxiety and the Italian sport psychology S.F.E.R.A. model: An explorative study on 77 professional musicians
Authors: Mazzon Luca , Passarotto Edoardo , Altenmüller Eckart , Vercelli Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

Music performance anxiety (MPA) affects most musicians and is commonly listed among the triggering factors of several pathologies, such as depression, overuse syndrome, choking under pressure and focal dystonia. The study aimed at investigating the relationship between the S.F.E.R.A. model theory (SFERA), a multidimensional model for enhancing sport performances, and MPA in professional musicians. The model allows to analyze performances by monitoring five constructs representing underlying cognitive and metacognitive factors that influence performance, highlighting individual strengths and improvement areas. The results confirmed that severe MPA symptoms are a common issue among musicians (47%), while 36% of the sample experienced musculoskeletal pain related to playing their musical instrument in the 2 months preceding the study. Moreover, musicians who suffered from practice-related pain reported higher levels of MPA. The SFERA factors were strongly and negatively correlated with MPA scores, suggesting that improving the SFERA factors might be helpful in reducing MPA: musicians with high MPA showed significantly lower SFERA scores. Moreover, Energy was the strongest predictor of MPA scores among the five SFERA factors, suggesting that musicians with high anxiety levels present difficulties on emotional regulation during the performance and struggle to focus on their performances while ignoring dysfunctional thoughts. The study indicates that SFERA scores can predict MPA and that sport psychology programs applied to the music field may also be useful protective factors for musicians’ psychophysiological health, especially in music academies and universities.
Estimating Electrical Energy and Capacity Demand for Regional Electric Flight Operations at Two Mid-Size Airports in Washington, U.S
Authors: Coenen Steffen , Malarkey Daniel , MacKenzie Don
Published: October 2023

Advances in battery-powered electric motor systems, lightweight materials, and aircraft design have resulted in the development of new battery-electric aircraft that could gradually replace conventional fuel-powered aircraft for certain use cases in the coming years. In the face of tight climate action goals and large airport hubs facing capacity constraints, electric aircraft at regional airports could help respond to increased regional travel demands. Charging these aircraft may be a significant new load on the electric grid serving airports. In this paper, to understand these load impacts, we develop a framework for estimating future energy (annual MWh) and power (average and peak MW) demand for charging battery-electric aircraft at regional airports. We apply our modeling framework to two mid-size case study airports in Washington, U.S: Paine Field/Snohomish County Airport and Grant County International Airport. Our method has three parts: assumptions on flight operations growth, technical feasibility to serve these flights with electric aircraft, and actual adoption of electric aircraft to serve feasible trips. The results reveal that, while electricity demand could rise substantially over time, during the first decade of adoption utility companies are expected to be able to serve the energy and power needs of electric aviation with available capacity at existing substations close to the airports in our case studies.
Model for Predicting Lateral Shifts and Driving Style of Motorized Two-Wheelers
Authors: Dey Arka , Das Sanhita
Published: October 2023

The compact sizes, lack of available physical protection, and complex maneuvering patterns of motorized two-wheeler (MTW) riders make them more vulnerable to crash risks and accidents. Considering the increased vulnerability of MTWs in dense urban mixed traffic environments, a proper evaluation and modeling of their lateral movement decisions and driving style can enhance safety associated with the riders and augment the reliability of the existing microsimulation models. Utilizing trajectory data of a six-lane divided urban arterial, the current study attempts to investigate the lateral movement (lateral shift) tendency of MTWs, addressing different influential variables that may affect riders’ decisions and describing how this choice is affected by prevailing traffic conditions. Based on several driving style parameters, such as change in speed, change in angular position, and longitudinal gap maintained with rear vehicles, this study further contributes to the existing literature by proposing a new index for identifying the driving style of riders during the lateral shifting process. Modeling results of a multinomial logit model indicated the importance of considering longitudinal and lateral gaps, vehicle speeds, and lateral fluctuations made by the subject MTW in the past trajectories in modeling the lateral shift decisions of riders. Considering the number of lateral fluctuations as an indicator of MTWs’ driving style, a new “aggressiveness index” is defined and, accordingly, a modeling approach is proposed to classify aggressive and non-aggressive driving styles of the riders. The results suggest that the history of past trajectories of the subject MTW during lateral shifting should be considered, and consideration of a non-linear relationship among the parameters can result in a better classification of driving style of MTW riders.
Vertical Stenosis as a Morphological Risk Factor for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures in Children: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Comparison
Authors: Manhard Claire E. , Fogleman Sarah A. , Bryan Tracey P. , Edmonds Eric W.
Published: October 2023

Background:

There are known anatomic variations that may lead to traumatic disruption of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) identified within adult and adolescent patients.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to compare the parameters of pediatric knees diagnosed with and without an ACL injury by magnetic resonance imaging. The hypothesis was that children with ACL abnormalities would demonstrate an equivalent notch width index (NWI), but a larger notch height index (NHI), in comparison with age-matched patients without ACL abnormalities, suggesting an association with congenital morphology.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A retrospective comparison cohort study of pediatric knees was performed by evaluating those with a confirmed ACL rupture/deficiency and those with a benign diagnosis on magnetic resonance imaging. Overall, 6 osseous and cartilaginous measurements and 3 ratios (2 newly described) were determined. They were then grouped for statistical purposes by age: children aged 5 to 11 years and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years.

Results:

A total of 119 (49 children) consecutive patients with an ACL injury and 139 (72 children) healthy patients met inclusion criteria. The interaction between ACL status and age was significant for condylar measurements ( P≤ .001), tibial spine height ( P = .003), vertical space above tibial spine ( P≤ .001), and NWI ( P≤ .001) by 2-way analysis of variance. Although the NHI ( P < 0.001) and tibial spine prominence ( P = 0.039) demonstrated stenosis in the adolescent group, they did not have significant interactions with age and ACL status ( P > 0.05). Regarding the transcondylar width, only the children's group had a significant difference regarding ACL status ( P < .001), and the mean values in the children's group with ACL tears were nearly identical to those in the adolescent group both with and without ACL tears. The children's group with ACL tears also had a significantly larger tibial spine height compared with healthy children ( P < .001).

Conclusion:

Children, similar to adolescents, demonstrated the effect of the NWI on the risk of ACL tears, but only the adolescent group demonstrated stenosis with the NHI. The morphology of the knee in a child at risk for ACL rupture was not the same as that of an adolescent when considering all dimensions, but it did seem that it was more adolescent-like than child-like at the time of an ACL rupture, refuting the idea of congenital hypoplasia as a common cause.
Comparative study between mitomycin C versus Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Zaza Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelfatah , Salem Tarek Abd El-Mageed , El-Sadat Ahmed Mohamed , Hassan Ali Mohammed
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

We aimed to compare the efficacy and adverse events of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) versus Mitomycin C (MMC) in high-risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) patients.

Methods:

This randomized controlled study was conducted over 24 months in four hospitals in Egypt. A sample of 90 patients was randomly assigned to either treatment group, with procedures including baseline examinations, a single postoperative instillation of chemotherapy, a 6-week induction cycle of the assigned drug, and regular follow-up cystoscopies and upper urinary tract imaging. Treatment results and side effects were monitored, with data analyzed via Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results:

No significant differences were observed in mean age or tumor characteristics ( p > 0.05). However, adverse reactions were significantly higher in the BCG group, including cystitis (40% vs. 17.78%, p = 0.020), hematuria (24.44% vs. 4.44%, p = 0.007), overall local reactions (75.56% vs. 26.67%, p < 0.001), fever (13.33% vs. 2.22%, p = 0.049), and fatigue (17.78% vs. 2.22%, p = 0.014). The MMC group had a slightly higher recurrence rate (28.89% vs. 17.78%, hazard ratio 1.89, 95% CI: 0.78–4.55, p = 0.15) with a shorter median time to recurrence (six vs. 12 months). Progression rates were similar (8.89% MMC vs. 4.44% BCG, p = 0.398).

Conclusion:

Although BCG and MMC have comparable efficacy in managing high-risk NMIBC, BCG demonstrated a higher rate of adverse reactions. Decision-making should consider this balance, patient preferences, and health status. Further research is needed for the validation and exploration of these findings.
In-situ spray impregnation of poly(pentamethylene oxamide) onto carbon fibers and their composites
Authors: Mutua Fredrick Nzioka , Wambua Paul Mwanzia , He Yong
Published: October 2023

Polyoxamides are a class of polyamides that exhibit superior mechanical, chemical, UV light resistance, and low water absorption properties than their conventional counterparts. In this study, a novel in-situ spray polycondensation techniques is developed and used to impregnate poly (pentamethylene oxamide) (PA52) prepolymer into carbon fibers (CF). The prepolymer impregnated CFs are subjected to solid state polycondensation to increase the molecular of PA52 resin thus obtain prepregs for fabrication of carbon fiber reinforced polyoxamide composites. The effects of preparation parameters on the mechanical properties of PA52/CF composites are studied and reported. The results showed that, PA52/CF composites prepared at molding temperature of 325°C, pressure of 3.0 MPa, and time of 10 min exhibits good tensile strength at break, flexural strength, and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of 435 MPa, 364 MPa, and 51 MPa, respectively. SEM results suggest good adhesion between the PA52 and CF which is supported by the high storage modulus results obtained from dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results, depicting the potential of in-situ spray impregnation in preparation of carbon fiber reinforced polyoxamide composites.
Thermo-chemical and structural analysis of integrated thermal protection system for a space vehicle
Authors: Murtuzapurwala Najeeba , G Malaikannan
Published: October 2023

The Thermal Protection System, or TPS, is the layer that shields spacecraft from the extreme aerodynamic heating that occurs during re-entry and launch. We proposed an optimized design of an Integrated Thermal Protection System (ITPS) in this paper. An ITPS provides thermal protection as well as structural load-bearing capability. Thermo-chemical simulations are carried out with the help of the Fully Implicit Ablation and Thermal response program (FIAT) for better understanding of the thermo-chemical behavior of the system under the extreme conditions of a space vehicle. Similarly, a structural analysis is performed to determine the structural integrity of the proposed ITPS design. Both the thermo-chemical and structural analyses show that the proposed corrugated-core sandwich structure is viable in terms of recession, pyrolysis, and structural integrity.
Dehumanization: Beyond the Intergroup to the Interpersonal
Authors: Karantzas Gery C. , Simpson Jeffry A. , Haslam Nick
Published: October 2023

Over the past two decades, there has been a significant shift in how dehumanization is conceptualized and studied. This shift has broadened the construct from the blatant denial of humanness to groups to include more subtle dehumanization within people’s interpersonal relationships. In this article, we focus on conceptual and empirical advances in the study of dehumanization in interpersonal relationships, with a particular focus on dehumanizing behaviors. In the first section, we describe the concept of interpersonal dehumanization. In the second section, we review social cognitive and behavioral research into interpersonal dehumanization. Within this section, we place special emphasis on the conceptualization and measurement of dehumanizing behaviors. We then propose a conceptual model of interpersonal dehumanization to guide future research. While doing so, we provide a novel review and integration of cutting-edge research on interpersonal dehumanization.
Dry needling, trigger point electroacupuncture and motor point electroacupuncture for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome involving the trapezius: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Moro Marlene Zuccolotto , de Oliveira Vidal Edison Iglesias , Pinheiro Módolo Norma Sueli , Bono Fukushima Fernanda , Moreira de Barros Guilherme Antonio
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare trigger point (TrP) dry needling, TrP electroacupuncture and motor point electroacupuncture of the trapezius muscle for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS).

Methods:

This randomised clinical trial included 90 patients divided into three groups. Group 1 was treated with dry needling of TrPs, group 2 with intramuscular electrical stimulation of TrPs, and group 3 with electroacupuncture of motor points and/or the spinal accessory nerve. Each group received seven treatment sessions. The outcomes were the pain score measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) and quality of life evaluated by the 12-item short form (SF-12) health questionnaire. We compared the pain outcome over serial time points using growth curve analysis methods.

Results:

Participants in the three groups experienced significant improvements in pain scores over time. The average pain level of participants in group 3 across the repeated assessments was 0.98 units lower than in group 1 (mean difference (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.74–0.23)), p = 0.012). There were no significant differences in pain scores between participants in groups 1 and 2, and there were no significant differences in quality of life across the three groups at the end of the treatment period.

Conclusion:

Our results provide evidence that electrical stimulation of motor points and/or of the spinal accessory nerve may be superior in terms of pain relief (but not quality of life) to dry needling and possibly electrical stimulation of trigger points for the management of MPS involving the trapezius.

Trial registration number:

TRIAL-RBR-43R7RF (Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry)
Promoting decent work and decent life for all: Preparing the next generation through decent education and career development education
Authors: Kenny Maureen E , Schmidtberger Rebecca , Masters Allison
Published: October 2023

This article advances a prevention and positive youth development perspective for promoting access to decent work and decent lives for all. We apply the psychology of working theory to consider the readiness of youth to contribute to this aspirational goal and the roles that education and career development education could play in furthering a reality of decent work and decent lives. We propose a transformative model of career development education that encompasses youth purpose, career adaptability, hope, critical consciousness, relational support, and equitable systems.
Decent work and entrepreneurial intentions in West Africa and Switzerland
Authors: Alfa Akila , Rouamba Barkissa , Tchonda Masamésso , Meda M’wambère Judith , Leeming Claire S , Atitsogbe Kokou A , Rossier Jérôme
Published: October 2023

Drawing on the Psychology of Working Theory, the aim of this study is to assess the relationship between decent work, work needs’ satisfaction and entrepreneurial intentions in Burkina Faso, Switzerland, and Togo. We also test the applicability of the model of entrepreneurial intentions in these countries. Using a sample of 1,829 individuals we conducted structural equation modeling and multigroup analyses. Our results show that the model of entrepreneurial intentions is applicable in West Africa and Switzerland, and that it seems that perceived control and attitudes towards entrepreneurship are particularly important for entrepreneurial intentions. In all three countries, decent work contributes to the satisfaction of survival, social connectedness, and self-determination needs. Decent work and the satisfaction of needs do not seem to influence entrepreneurial intentions suggesting that other factors are important for the development of entrepreneurial intentions. The implications for policy, education and career guidance and counseling are presented.
A network analysis of relationships between the work as meaning inventory (WAMI-U) and the humor styles in university students: Enhancing prevention in decent education
Authors: Di Fabio Annamaria , Svicher Andrea , Kenny Maureen
Published: October 2023

Rooted in the decent education as a precursor to decent work, this study investigated via network analysis the relationship between the work as meaning inventory for university students (WAMI-U) (positive meaning, meaning-making through study, greater good motivations) and the humor styles questionnaire (HSQ) (health-promoting styles: affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor; health-endangering styles: aggressive humor, self-defeating humor) in 371 Italian university students. Central nodes and bridge nodes between WAMI-U and HSQ were calculated. Positive meaning, meaning-making through study (WAMI-U), and self-enhancing humor (HSQ) had high centrality. Affiliative humor, self-enhancing humor (HSQ), and positive meaning (WAMI-U) had bridge function. The high centrality and bridge function of self-enhancing with all dimensions of WAMI-U, followed by the bridge function of affiliative humor in relation to meaning-making through study (WAMI-U) confirmed them as health-promoting styles. Negative associations between maladaptive humor styles and positive meaning (WAMI-U) confirmed their standard as health-endangering styles. Implications for research and prevention are discussed.