bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical potential of sensory neurites in the heart and their role in decision-making
Authors: Tendulkar Mugdha , Tendulkar Reshma , Dhanda Parmdeep Singh , Yadav Alpa , Jain Mukul , Kaushik Prashant
Published: February 2024

The process of decision-making is quite complex involving different aspects of logic, emotion, and intuition. The process of decision-making can be summarized as choosing the best alternative among a given plethora of options in order to achieve the desired outcome. This requires establishing numerous neural networks between various factors associated with the decision and creation of possible combinations and speculating their possible outcomes. In a nutshell, it is a highly coordinated process consuming the majority of the brain’s energy. It has been found that the heart comprises an intrinsic neural system that contributes not only to the decision-making process but also the short-term and long-term memory. There are approximately 40,000 cells present in the heart known as sensory neurites which play a vital role in memory transfer. The heart is quite a mysterious organ, which functions as a blood-pumping machine and an endocrine gland, as well as possesses a nervous system. There are multiple factors that affect this heart ecosystem, and they directly affect our decision-making capabilities. These interlinked relationships hint toward the sensory neurites which modulate cognition and mood regulation. This review article aims to provide deeper insights into the various roles played by sensory neurites in decision-making and other cognitive functions. The article highlights the pivotal role of sensory neurites in the numerous brain functions, and it also meticulously discusses the mechanisms through which they modulate their effects.
Mammary epithelium permeability during established lactation: associations with cytokine levels in human milk
Authors: Kivlighan Katie T. , Schneider Sallie S. , Browne Eva P. , Pentecost Brian T. , Anderton Douglas L. , Arcaro Kathleen F.
Published: February 2024

Objective

The cytokine profile of human milk may be a key indicator of mammary gland health and has been linked to infant nutrition, growth, and immune system development. The current study examines the extent to which mammary epithelium permeability (MEP) is associated with cytokine profiles during established lactation within a sample of US mothers.

Methods

Participants were drawn from a previous study of human milk cytokines. The present analysis includes 162 participants (98 Black, 64 White) with infants ranging from 1 to 18 months of age. Levels of cytokines were determined previously. Here we measure milk sodium (Na) and potassium (K) levels with ion-selective probes. Two approaches were used to define elevated MEP: Na levels ≥10 mmol/L and Na/K ratios greater than 0.6. Associations between maternal–infant characteristics, elevated MEP, and twelve analytes (IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IL-1β, FASL, VEGFD, FLT1, bFGF, PLGF, EGF, leptin, adiponectin) were examined using bivariate associations, principal components analysis, and multivariable logistic regression models.

Results

Elevated MEP was observed in 12 and 15% of milk samples as defined by Na and Na/K cutoffs, respectively. The odds of experiencing elevated MEP (defined by Na ≥ 10 mmol/L) were higher among Black participants and declined with older infant age. All cytokines, except leptin, were positively correlated with either Na or the Na/K ratio. A pro-inflammatory factor (IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IL-1β, EGF) and a tissue remodeling factor (FASL, VEGFD, FLT1, bFGF, PLGF, adiponectin) each contributed uniquely to raising the odds of elevated MEP as defined by either Na or the Na/K ratio.

Conclusion

This exploratory analysis of MEP and cytokine levels during established lactation indicates that elevated MEP may be more common in US populations than previously appreciated and that individuals identifying as Black may have increased odds of experiencing elevated MEP based on current definitions. Research aimed at understanding the role of MEP in mammary gland health or infant growth and development should be prioritized.
Challenges in treating children with optic pathway gliomas: an 18-year experience from a middle-income country
Authors: Ramírez-Melo Jorge Luis , Moreira Daniel C. , Orozco-Alvarado Ana Luisa , Sánchez-Zubieta Fernando , Navarro-Martín del Campo Regina M.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Patients with optic pathway gliomas (OPG) have good survival rates although their long-term quality of life can be affected by the tumor or treatment-related morbidity. This retrospective study sought to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with OPG at a tertiary center in Mexico.

Methods

Consecutive patients <18 years-of-age with newly diagnosed OPG between January 2002 and December 2020 at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca in Guadalajara, Mexico were included.

Results

Thirty patients were identified with a median age of six years. The most frequent clinical manifestations were loss of visual acuity (40%) and headaches (23%). Neurofibromatosis-1 was found in 23.3% of the patients. Surgery, either biopsy or resection, was done in 20 of 30 patients. Two patients died shortly after initial surgery. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 79.3% ± 10.8% and the 5-year overall survival was 89.5% ± 6.9%. Lower EFS was associated with age less than 3 years, intracranial hypertension at presentation, and diencephalic syndrome. Patients who received surgery as first-line treatment had a 3.1 times greater risk of achieving a performance score of less than 90 points at 6 months after diagnosis (p=0.006). Of 10 patients with vision testing, 5 had improvement in visual acuity, 4 had no changes, and one patient showed worsening.

Conclusion

Our data suggests that favorable outcomes can be achieved with OPG in low- and middle-income countries, although a high rate of surgical complications was described leading to a lower overall survival. These data can be used prospectively to optimize treatment at this institute and other middle-income countries through a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach.
Usefulness of polymerase chain reaction tests in Chagas disease studies
Authors: Bautista-Lopez Norma , Ndao Momar
Published: February 2024

The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test is a highly sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostic tool for Chagas disease. Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan flagellate Trypanosoma cruzi and is endemic to the Americas. While conventional serological methods are still used in the diagnosis of Chagas disease, they are being gradually replaced by molecular methods like PCR. PCR can detect the parasite’s DNA in blood or tissue samples from humans and animals, including asymptomatic infections and animal reservoirs. In a study conducted on a colony of New World monkeys, PCR analysis was found to be superior to conventional screening tools for trypanosome infection, although false negatives can still occur. In clinical studies, PCR has been used to assess the effectiveness of Nifurtimox and Benznidazole in treating acute and chronic Chagas patients. However, the presence of low-grade and intermittent parasitemia in peripheral blood, even in the absence of treatment, renders PCR an unreliable test for evaluating successful treatment. Based on this limiting factor, among others, we do not believe that PCR is an appropriate gold standard test for Chagas in clinical and preclinical studies. Other diagnostic methods, such as serological and biomarker tests, should be used in conjunction with PCR techniques for more accurate diagnosis of Chagas.
Melittin promotes dexamethasone in the treatment of adjuvant rheumatoid arthritis in rats
Authors: Yang Linfu , He Xiying , Zhi Dandan , Xue Yunfei , Gong Xueyang , Dong Kun , Tian Yakai
Published: February 2024

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an erosive-destructive inflammation of the joints, and the chronic, long-term stiffness and deformation induced by RA are some of the symptoms of arthritis that are difficult to treat. Dexamethasone (DEX) and melittin (MLT) are two interesting anti-inflammatory substances, both of which possess anti-inflammatory effects exerted through the suppression of the immune system. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of MLT in the treatment of RA by DEX as well as to clarify the influence of MLT on the efficacy and side effects of DEX.

Method: The rats were injected with Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) to induce arthritis, followed by treatment with different doses of DEX and/or MLT. The relevant indexes of paw inflammation were determined, and the appetite, growth status, arthritis status, cytokine levels, and organ coefficient of the rats were evaluated. In addition, the paraffin sections of the joint tissues were prepared to analyze the pathological changes.

Result: DEX exhibited side effects, notably hindering feed intake and growth, and inducing immune organ lesions in the rats. MLT significantly reduced the side effects of DEX and promoted its efficacy. DEX in combination with MLT demonstrated a synergistic efficacy in RA treatment, showing advantages in detumescence reduction, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition, and joint internal pathological improvement.

Conclusion: Thus, MLT promoted the efficacy of DEX in adjuvant RA treatment in rats, offering an approach to reduce the use dosage and side effects of DEX.
What influences consumers’ online medication purchase intentions and behavior? A scoping review
Authors: Limbu Yam B. , Huhmann Bruce A.
Published: February 2024

Objective: Consumers increasingly buy pharmaceuticals online. No scoping review has been carried out to summarize and synthesize the studies that have identified drivers of consumers’ purchase intention and behavior from online pharmacies. Thus, we conducted a scoping review to explore the extent to which prior research has studied consumer purchase intentions and behavior related to online pharmacies, the drivers previously identified to explain consumers’ online pharmacy purchase intentions and behavior, and how these antecedents differ between OTC and prescription medications. Then, we identified gaps in the published literature to form a comprehensive theory-based agenda for future research.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to retrieve relevant studies published in English in peer-reviewed journals. The search strategy identified forty-eight eligible studies.

Results: We identified twelve types of factors influencing purchase intentions and behaviors from online pharmacies: demographics, convenience, availability, price, evaluations of the purchase environment, information sources, internet usage, prior experience, perceived risk, health insurance, privacy, and product. Our analysis also revealed differences between OTC and prescription medications in drivers of purchase intentions and behaviors.

Conclusion: While demographic factors tended to be the most often measured influences on intentions and behavior, their role was generally inconsistent, with many contradictory results. However, other factors (e.g., convenience, availability, lower prices, and favorable evaluations toward the purchase environment) more consistently enhanced online medication purchase intentions and behavior. An extensive agenda for future research is advanced.
A retrospective study exploring parents’ perceptions of their child’s assessment
Authors: Aschieri Filippo , Cera Giulia , Fiorelli Elisabetta , Brasili Sara
Published: February 2024

The current study investigates parents’ perceptions of their child’s assessment, focusing on their responses to the Italian version of the Parents’ Experience of Assessment Scale (QUEVA-G). Twenty parents, who voluntarily agreed to be contacted after completing the questionnaire, participated in qualitative interviews to gain deeper insights into their assessment experiences. A thematic analysis was conducted on the interview transcriptions, highlighting three primary domains of parental experience: (1) parental perceptions of the assessment process; (2) effects of the assessment; and (3) parental perceptions of their relationship with their children’s teachers. The findings indicate that the QUEVA-G accurately captures most areas of interest as well as reveals unexplored aspects.
The mediating effect of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety on the relationship between social support and insomnia among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Dongmei , Li Xiaoping , Zhang Ming , Huang Anle , Yang Liu , Wang Congzhi , Yuan Ting , Lei Yunxiao , Liu Haiyang , Hua Ying , Zhang Lin , Zhang Jing
Published: February 2024

Background

Insomnia in healthcare workers has become a topic of concern in the health system. The high infectivity and longevity of the COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in great pressure and a high incidence of insomnia among healthcare workers. Insomnia among healthcare workers has a negative impact on high-quality healthcare services in addition to their health. Thus, it's necessary to explore insomnia's underlying mechanisms.

Object

The present research's aims were threefold: explored the association between social support, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the pandemic, elucidated the underlying mechanism of insomnia, and offered recommendations for improving the health of these workers.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional design was adopted. From May 20 to 30, 2022, 1038 healthcare workers were selected to fill out the Oslo 3-item Social Support Scale, the eight-item Athens Insomnia Scale, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and the Brief Resilience Scale. Descriptive statistics and correlations were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Mediation analysis was conducted by Mplus 8.3 using 5000 bootstrap samples.

Results

Of the participating 1038 healthcare workers, the prevalence of insomnia was 41.62% (432/1038). Significant associations were found involving insomnia, resilience, COVID-19 anxiety, and social support. Insomnia was directly affected by social support. Moreover, three indirect pathways explain how social support affected insomnia: resilience's mediating role, COVID-19 anxiety's mediating role, and the chain-mediation role of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety.

Conclusion

The results validated our hypotheses and supported the opinion of Spielman et al. ‘s three-factor model of insomnia. Social support of healthcare workers has an indirect impact on insomnia in addition to its direct one via independent and chain-mediation effects of resilience and COVID-19 anxiety.
Surgical productivity recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Nakata Yoshinori , Watanabe Yuichi , Ozaki Akihiko
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Previous studies demonstrated that the surgical productivity regressed in 2020. This study therefore explored whether the COVID-19 pandemic had any significant lasting effect of reducing the surgical productivity in Japan. This is a retrospective observational study which is an extension of the previous ones.

Methods

The authors analyzed 18,805 surgical procedures performed during the study period from April 1 through September 30 in 2016–22. A non-radial and non-oriented Malmquist model under the variable returns-to-scale assumptions was employed. The decision-making unit (DMU) was defined as a surgical specialty department. Inputs were defined as (1) the number of assistants, and (2) the surgical duration. The output was defined as the surgical fee. The study period was divided into 42 one-month periods. The authors added all the inputs and outputs for each DMU during these study periods, and computed its Malmquist index, efficiency change and technical change. The outcome measures were its annual productivity, efficiency, and technical changes between the same months in each year.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference in annual productivity, efficiency, and technical changes between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods.

Discussion

No evidence was found to suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has any significant lasting effect of reducing the surgical productivity.
Wildlife fecal microbiota exhibit community stability across a longitudinal semi-controlled non-invasive sampling experiment
Authors: Pannoni Samuel B. , Holben William E.
Published: February 2024

Wildlife microbiome studies are being used to assess microbial links with animal health and habitat. The gold standard of sampling microbiomes directly from captured animals is ideal for limiting potential abiotic influences on microbiome composition, yet fails to leverage the many benefits of non-invasive sampling. Application of microbiome-based monitoring for rare, endangered, or elusive species creates a need to non-invasively collect scat samples shed into the environment. Since controlling sample age is not always possible, the potential influence of time-associated abiotic factors was assessed. To accomplish this, we analyzed partial 16S rRNA genes of fecal metagenomic DNA sampled non-invasively from Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus canadensis) near Yellowstone National Park. We sampled pellet piles from four different elk, then aged them in a natural forest plot for 1, 3, 7, and 14 days, with triplicate samples at each time point (i.e., a blocked, repeat measures (longitudinal) study design). We compared fecal microbiota of each elk through time with point estimates of diversity, bootstrapped hierarchical clustering of samples, and a version of ANOVA–simultaneous components analysis (ASCA) with PCA (LiMM-PCA) to assess the variance contributions of time, individual and sample replication. Our results showed community stability through days 0, 1, 3 and 7, with a modest but detectable change in abundance in only 2 genera (Bacteroides and Sporobacter) at day 14. The total variance explained by time in our LiMM-PCA model across the entire 2-week period was not statistically significant (p>0.195) and the overall effect size was small (<10% variance) compared to the variance explained by the individual animal (p<0.0005; 21% var.). We conclude that non-invasive sampling of elk scat collected within one week during winter/early spring provides a reliable approach to characterize fecal microbiota composition in a 16S rDNA survey and that sampled individuals can be directly compared across unknown time points with minimal bias. Further, point estimates of microbiota diversity were not mechanistically affected by sample age. Our assessment of samples using bootstrap hierarchical clustering produced clustering by animal (branches) but not by sample age (nodes). These results support greater use of non-invasive microbiome sampling to assess ecological patterns in animal systems.
The indignities of shielding during the COVID-19 pandemic for people with sickle cell disorders: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Berghs Maria , Horne Francesca , Yates Scott , Kemp Rachel , Webster Amy
Published: February 2024

This article seeks to understand the first-hand experiences of people with sickle cell, a recessively inherited blood disorder, who were identified as clinically extremely vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Part of a larger sequential mixed-methods study, this article uses a selective sample of eight qualitative semi-structured interviews, which were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The first stage of IPA focused on practical concerns participants had correlated to understanding shielding and their feelings about being identified as clinically extremely vulnerable. In a secondary stage of analysis, we examined the emotions that it brought forth and the foundations of those based on discriminations. This article adds to our theoretical understanding of embodiment and temporality with respect to chronicity and early ageing. It explains how people with sickle cell disorders have an embodied ethics of crisis and expertise. It also elucidates how people’s experiences during the pandemic cannot be seen in void but illustrates ableism, racism, and ageism in society writ large.
Linking science with policy: the importance of incorporating clear roles for knowledge brokers into research-for-development organizations
Authors: Cramer Laura
Published: February 2024

Agriculture and food systems research and international development work will not proceed at the necessary speed without clear attention to the role of knowledge brokers within science-policy-practice interfaces. For research to be taken up and incorporated in policy frameworks, knowledge brokering is essential. Scaling of research for development findings will happen through other impact pathways as well, such as development of business models with the private sector, but development and implementation of robust and coherent policies informed by credible evidence is necessary for institutionalizing the work of agriculture and food systems research. Such policies are needed at multiple levels, and knowledge brokers are needed at these different levels as well. Examples of the importance of knowledge brokers in agricultural research for development from the livestock sector and its interaction with the climate change arena are used to illustrate this call for more attention to knowledge brokering.
What can veterinary professionals do? Measuring the effect of one domestic violence training pilot program on veterinary professionals' capacity to recognize, respond, and refer human victims of domestic violence
Authors: Paterson Rochelle , Boller Elise , Kim Youna , Hammond Kate , Diemer Kristin
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Veterinary professionals have a key role in facilitating multi-agency collaboration to prevent and respond to domestic violence (DV) in situations where animals may be directly or indirectly involved. Yet despite their position as potential touchpoints for victim-survivors with animals, many veterinary professionals do not feel equipped to act on suspicions or disclosures of DV. In response to this identified need, one service operating in Melbourne, Australia, developed the Vet-3R's training program (Recognize-Respond-Refer) which was piloted on 65 veterinary professionals in Melbourne's Eastern Metropolitan Region.

Methods

This is an exploratory study aimed at measuring the effect of the Vets 3-R's program on veterinary professionals' confidence and capacity to recognize, respond and refer victims of DV. Participants were invited to complete online surveys before and after the training to evaluate their understanding of DV and their capacity to support suspected victim-survivors with animals who present at their service.

Results

The pre-training self-evaluation scores indicated that while most veterinary professionals are aware of the link between animal abuse and DV, they lack the confidence to respond and refer individuals when confronted with suspicions or disclosures of abuse. However, upon completion of the Vets 3-R's program, participants reported marked improvements in their ability to recognize, respond, and refer victim-survivors. The most significant improvement could be seen in participants' self-reported ability to respond appropriately to suspicions of DV.

Discussion

While results are indicative only due to the small sample size, this study suggests that veterinary professionals may be an underutilized intervention point for DV victim-survivors with animals. The Vet-3R's training program can be a useful tool for increasing effectiveness of this intervention point to safely assist DV victim-survivors. More research on similar programs with a larger cohort of participants would be beneficial to measure the impact of such programs on a wider scale.
Physical Exercise After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Cautionary Tale
Authors: Stylemans Dimitri , Vandecruys Marieke , Leunis Sofie , Engelborghs Sofie , Gargioli Davide , Monbaliu Diethard , Cornelissen Véronique , Van Craenenbroeck Amaryllis H. , De Smet Stefan
Published: February 2024

An increasing body of randomized controlled trials suggests the safety of engaging in moderate to vigorous intensity exercise training following solid organ transplantation. Fueled by emerging sport events designed for transplant recipients and the ever-growing body of research highlighting the diverse health benefits of physical activity, transplant recipients are now increasingly participating in strenuous and occasionally competitive physical endeavors that largely surpass those evaluated in controlled research settings. This viewpoint article adopts a cautionary stance to counterbalance the prevalent one-sided optimistic perspective regarding posttransplant physical activity. While discussing methodological limitations, we explore plausible adverse impacts on the cardiovascular, immunological, and musculoskeletal systems. We also examine the physiological consequences of exercising in the heat, at high altitude, and in areas with high air pollution. Risks associated with employing performance-enhancing strategies and the conceivable psychological implications regarding physical activity as a tribute to the ‘gift of life’ are discussed. With a deliberate focus on the potential adverse outcomes of strenuous posttransplant physical activity, this viewpoint aims to restore a balanced dialogue on our comprehension of both beneficial and potentially detrimental outcomes of physical activity that ultimately underscores the imperative of well-informed decision-making and tailored exercise regimens in the realm of posttransplant care.
Cserélhető betétes fröccsöntő szerszám tervezése
Authors: Keresztes Kristóf , Gergely Attila Levente
Published: February 2024

A dolgozat célja egy cserélhető betétes fröccsöntő szerszámház és az ebbe illő betétpár tervezése. A tervezett szerszám a Sapientia EMTE, Marosvásárhelyi Kar Gépészmérnöki Tanszékéhez tartozó műhelyben található BOY 15S fröccsöntő gépre készül. A szerszámkitöltési szimulációk eredményeinek értelmezése és összehasonlítása alapján optimalizáltuk az alkatrészmodellt, a gátpozíciót, illetve a beömlőrendszert. A tervezési lépések során figyelem fordult a szerszámbetétek megmunkálása közben felmerülő költségekre, illetve gyakorlati problémákra.
Koszinuszprofilú lefejtőléccel gyártott fogaskerékpár szintézise és CAD-vizsgálata
Authors: Máté Márton , Gál Károly-István , Tolvaly-Roșca Ferenc
Published: February 2024

A fogaskerékprofilok problémaköre a technikai fejlődés követelte teljesítménynöveléssel került újra előtérbe. Napjainkban a fogaskerekek nagy része evolvens profillal rendelkezik, mivel ezen fogazatok számos pozitív tulajdonsággal bírnak, melyek közül az egyik legfontosabb az, hogy a tengelytáv változtatása nem módosítja az áttételi arányt. Az alapján a koszinuszos fogaskerékhajtás kisebb csúszási együtthatóval rendelkezik, valamint a terhelés során ébredő érintkezési és hajlítási feszültségei csökkennek az evolvens fogaskerékhez képest. Dolgozatunkban egy koszinuszprofilú lefejtőlécet és az ezzel képzett fogaskerékpár generálását, valamint ennek CAD-környezetben való tanulmányozását végeztük el. A lefejtőléc profilját, valamint a kapcsolódási egyenleteket Mathcad-környezetben számítottuk ki. A szerszámmodelleket Autodesk Inventor-környezetben hoztuk létre. Az így kialakított modelleket AutoCAD-környezetbe illesztve, Autolisp nyelven megírva, egy egyidejű kivonásos-gördüléses programot alkalmaztunk a fogaskerekek léccel történő lefejtésének valósághű szimulációjára. Az így generált fogaskerekeket Audodesk Inventor-környezetbe visszaillesztve, vizsgálatokat végeztünk annak érdekében, hogy a generált fogaskerekek koszinuszprofilját azonos méretű evolvens fogaskerekek profiljával összehasonlítsuk. A közeljövőben szándékunkban áll az így kapott eredményeket hasznosítani, és összehasonlítani az evolvens fogazatú fogaskerekek átviteli képességét a koszinuszfogazatú kerekekkel szemben.
Dawne nomenklatory gramatyczne jako źródło wiedzy o gramatyce
Authors: Decyk-Zięba Wanda
Published: February 2024

The subject of the analysis are terms recorded in the 17th–19th-century grammar nomenclatures. The most numerously represented ones were terms from the field of inflection (naming parts of speech and grammatical categories), there were few terms from the field of phonetics and word-formation, and terms from the field of sentence syntax had not appeared in glossaries until the 19th century. This share of terms from various branches was determined by the utilitarian nature of grammatical works: they were intended for learning Polish or foreign languages. It was assumed a priori, so to speak, that the learner already had the knowledge of the rules of Latin grammar, and the point of reference for Polish terms (or German ones, as in Dobracki’s grammar book) was the Latin terminology. The outcome of the development of grammatical knowledge is the redefinition of grammar itself and its branches, the independence of the grammatical description of modern languages from Latin grammar, as well as the codification and standardisation of grammatical terminology.
Machine Learning Methods as a Cost-Effective Alternative to Physics-Based Binding Free Energy Calculations
Authors: Bansal Nupur , Wang Ye , Sciabola Simone
Published: February 2024

The rank ordering of ligands remains one of the most attractive challenges in drug discovery. While physics-based in silico binding affinity methods dominate the field, they still have problems, which largely revolve around forcefield accuracy and sampling. Recent advances in machine learning have gained traction for protein–ligand binding affinity predictions in early drug discovery programs. In this article, we perform retrospective binding free energy evaluations for 172 compounds from our internal collection spread over four different protein targets and five congeneric ligand series. We compared multiple state-of-the-art free energy methods ranging from physics-based methods with different levels of complexity and conformational sampling to state-of-the-art machine-learning-based methods that were available to us. Overall, we found that physics-based methods behaved particularly well when the ligand perturbations were made in the solvation region, and they did not perform as well when accounting for large conformational changes in protein active sites. On the other end, machine-learning-based methods offer a good cost-effective alternative for binding free energy calculations, but the accuracy of their predictions is highly dependent on the experimental data available for training the model.
Egy meghibásodott turbófeltöltő károsodáselemzése
Authors: Dobránszky János
Published: February 2024

A gépszerkezetek meghibásodása okainak kiderítése céljából végzett károsodáselemzés az anyagvizsgálati munka egyik legösszetettebb válfaja. Nemcsak ismerni kell hozzá az anyagvizsgálati eljárások széles körét, de ezek jelentős részének végzésében és a vizsgálati eredmények értékelésében kellő tapasztalatra is szükség van. Ennek a példájaként a cikk ismerteti egy üzemelés közben meghibásodott gépkocsimotor-alkatrész meghibásodási okának kivizsgálását. A vizsgálatok kiterjednek az optikai mikroszkópia, a pásztázó elektronmikroszkópia, az EDS-elemzés és a fraktográfia különféle módszere. A károsodáselemzés eredményeiből arra lehet következtetni, hogy a meghibásodás gyökéroka egyes alkatrészek rendellenes kopása volt, ami apró gyártási pontatlanságokra vezethető vissza.
Orvosieszköz-tervezés a kézmozgás támogatására
Authors: Egerszegi Boglárka Fanni
Published: February 2024

A baleseteket, neurológiai rendellenességeket, cerebrovaszkuláris betegségeket követően a pácienseknek meg kell tanulniuk új, megváltozott élethelyzetükkel mindennapi feladataikat ellátni, melyben segítségükre lehetnek különböző ergoterápiás segédeszközök. Munkám során egy olyan segédeszköz fejlesztését tűztem ki célul, ami nem csupán a piacon fellelhető termékek hibáit igyekszik kijavítani, hanem egy olyan multifunkcionális, több típusú akadályozottságot kiszolgáló segédeszköz, amelyet a felső végtagot érintő, mozgásszervi betegséggel/mozgásszervi meg/elváltozással élő egyének bátran viselhetnek. A segédeszköz-tervezésben fontos szempont volt többek között, hogy bármilyen környezetben és tevékenység során használható, és hogy viselése kényelmes legyen.
La fascination pour l’URSS des intellectuels britanniques dans les années 20-30. Autour du cas de Béatrice Weber
Authors: Bascoulergue Claudine
Published: February 2024

Pourquoi le pays des Soviets a attiré tant d’intellectuels britanniques, de renom, tels J.M. Keynes, G. B. Shaw, H. G. Wells, Bertrand Russell ? Confusion des esprits dans le chaos d’après-guerre ? Échec du gouvernement travailliste face à la crise mondiale ? Expérience d’une croyance nouvelle pour des Chrétiens déçus par leur Église ? Les sceptiques envers la religion, comme J.M. Keynes, resteront défiants à l’égard du communisme. Le cas de Béatrice Webb est exemplaire. À vingt ans, une vie sans foi religieuse lui paraît insupportable. Elle découvre la misère sociale de l'East End de Londres, œuvre à la société fabienne, se déclare agnostique, mais ne peut renoncer à une foi perdue. Indifférente envers la révolution bolchevique, elle trouve conforme aux théories fabiennes, le lancement du premier plan quinquennal par Staline, une organisation rationnelle de l’économie. Un voyage en URSS, en 1932, ne la convainc pas entièrement, les statistiques l’ennuient, les procès de Moscou l’ébranlent, mais la nouvelle foi des communistes la rend indulgente envers leurs excès. Le rêve d’une nouvelle civilisation sera brisé par la signature des accords Molotov-Ribbentrop

L’envoûtement des intellectuels, de certains hommes d’Église se manifeste dans la référence constante aux Puritains de Cromwell (nouvelle pureté des mœurs, dévotion totale à la cause). Paradoxalement, ces esprits religieux adulent un système qui condamne la religion. Selon G. B. Shaw, la Russie est le seul pays religieux du monde : Luther apprécierait les musées de l’athéisme. Dans les colonnes du New Statesman, on discute du puritanisme en URSS, du comportement chaste de ses citoyens, de leur frugalité, de leur sobriété. Le communiste, comme le puritain, voit dans l’ascétisme le salut de l’humanité. Selon H. G. Wells, amateur d’utopies, la Russie tente de mettre en pratique les idées utopiques les plus insensées ; des îlots d’expériences étonnantes au milieu de la misère, une civilisation moderne in extremis.

Ces relations privilégiées cessent avec la génération qui les a entretenues ; la réalité de façade offerte par le pouvoir soviétique aura stimulé leur imagination, en quête d’une issue aux maux dont souffrait leur pays. La génération suivante entreprendra l’édification du Welfare State et du National Health Service.
« Петербург » Андрея Белого на московской сцене в постановке Сергея Голомазова
Authors: Zaslavsky Olga
Published: February 2024

Andrei Bely’s Peterburg on Moscow Stage : Sergey Golomazov's Production."

In this paper, I examine Sergey Golomazov's production of Andrey Bely's Peterburg, set on the stage of the Gogol theater in Moscow from 1998 to 2004.

The paper, based on the actual production and on the study of the materials that cover the only other significant production of the play the Bely-Mikhail Chekhov production of 1925 -juxtaposes the recent Golomazov production with its original predecessor. My major point in this paper is that in his approach to the staging of the play, Golomazov borrows the elements of farce from Bely's stage adaptation of the novel, his play Gibel Senatora. At the same time, in his overall approach, Golomazov, who wrote the script for his contemporary production, stays closer to the novel Peterburg by trying to expose the ambivalent nature of the father-son conflict and the moral underpinnings of the novel. I also quote from several sources to demonstrate the reception of both productions, which was mostly negative in the Russia of the 1920's and decidedly positive in contemporary Russia.

For my secondary sources, I have relied mostly on Russian and American literary criticism and on my personal interview with Sergey Golomazov, currently the artistic director of the Malaya Bronnaya Theater.
Le monde fantastique de Viktor Pelevine
Authors: Le Bleis Enora
Published: February 2024

Фантастика является самоценной составляющей художественного мира Виктора Пелевина. Стирая границы между реальным и нереальным, автор погружает своих персонажей (и через них - читателя) в полную экзистенциальную неопределенность. Таким образом он подвергает радикальному переосмыслению общепринятые рационалистические представления человека о самом себе и об окружающем мире, с целью открыть путь к абсолютной умственной свободе.
Daniel Buren, Joseph Beuys, Gina Pane – Les vies de l’éphémère
Authors: Périot Gaëlle
Published: February 2024

Des oeuvres éphémères de l’art contemporain ne subsistent que vestiges et archives qui témoignent pour l’histoire d’événements révolus. On pourrait donc penser que ces traces ne nous livrent que des oeuvres mortes. Il s’agit de mettre cette idée à l’épreuve de l’expérience, par une confrontation avec le travail de Daniel Buren, de Joseph Beuys et de Gina Pane. De sa saisie comme événement à sa renaissance comme avènement, l’oeuvre éphémère semble subir une transmutation qui la sauve de la disparition : nous chercherons à mettre au jour les modalités de cette fragile existence.
L’Annonciation désinvolte de Carlo Crivelli
Authors: Arrouye Jean
Published: February 2024

En 1486 Carlo Crivelli acheva une Annonciation qui devait remplir un double programme : représenter, évidemment, la visite de l’ange à la Vierge et commémorer explicitement l’obtention par la ville d’Ascoli Piceno de l’autonomie judiciaire et de l’exonération des taxes pontificales. L’exigence de représenter simultanément un événement, lointain, de signification spirituelle et un autre, contemporain, de conséquence matérielle n’allait pas sans contradictions. Au lieu de les minorer le peintre les met en scène avec désinvolture.
Petite chorégraphie de la désinvolture dans la littérature du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Lahouati Gérard
Published: February 2024

Dans ses Essais sur la peinture Diderot s’interroge : “ Qui sait où l’enchaînement des idées me conduira ? Ma foi, ce n’est pas moi”. C’est ce parti-pris d’humour (faussement ?) désinvolte qui nous a donné envie de savoir comment la désinvolture entre dans la conscience littéraire d’une époque (le XVIIIe siècle) et dans celles des individus.

Entre la frivolité du petit-maître et le militantisme encyclopédiste, entre l’ostentation aristocratique, l’ironie voltairienne et le sentimentalisme rousseausiste, par une réflexion sur quatre figures de la désinvolture (Chamfort, Casanova, Ligne et Diderot), nous nous efforçons d’esquisser ce qui pourrait constituer les enjeux idéologiques et stylistiques d’une pratique – une chorégraphie – de la désinvolture comme interrogation sur soi et sur l’Histoire.
Elle marchait comme on rit
Authors: Liandrat-Guigues Suzanne
Published: February 2024

Avec Lola, Jacques Demy renouvelle l''image de la “ passante” en un personnage dansant associé au Passage Pommeraye, édifice nantais célébré par les Surréalistes. Ainsi la flânerie benjaminienne se trouve reconduite et déplacée en 1960 au moyen d''une figure féminine particulièrement séduisante qui peut valoir pour l''idée elle-même. La désinvolture qui s''attache à cette nouvelle “ flâneuse” fait fond sur la complexité de l''architecture décorative du célèbre édifice si l''on veut bien y voir une façon de repenser l''étymologie du mot dans ses rapports aux mouvements d''envelopper, d’enrouler et aux diverses volutes ou volte-face qu''il suggère.
Pas de marge, pas de cahier
Authors: Trépanier Josette
Published: February 2024

La désinvolture est l’expression d’un déni face à des valeurs dont on refuse de reconnaître l’importance. C’est donc une notion essentielle pour penser l’art contemporain puisqu’elle renvoie à un comportement qui interpelle l’autorité. Dans cette optique, je tente d’analyser ici les conséquences de l’attitude ironique des artistes modernes et postmodernes sur ces grandes figures d’autorité que représentaient dans le passé l’artiste, l’oeuvre d’art et le pouvoir institutionnel et de saisir en quoi leur désinvolture diffère de celle de Castiglione et de Nietzsche.
Coin locker babe i. Pour une forme de désinvolture
Authors: Veyrat Marc
Published: February 2024

Les coin locker babe i sont de petites images numériques accompagnant les courriels (i-mails) de la société i matériel

depuis août 2006. Véritablement laissées en consigne automatique – une référence volontaire au livre de Murakami Ryû –, ces images en attente (leur durée de vie reste éphémère) ne sont véritablement réalisées, ou plutôt réellisées que lorsque des personnes s''en emparent pour les projeter dans un nouvel espace. Ainsi ces petites informations abandonnées sous licence creative commons qui attendent ainsi dans un in/ visible en devenir sont littéralement jetées avec l''eau du bain Internet, pour rester durablement des nouvelles fraîches (a fresco ?), toujours dans une forme de laisser faire particulièrement désinvolte quant à leur devenir potentiel…
César chez Daum. La désinvolture comme acte de création
Authors: Bardin Christophe
Published: February 2024

En 1968, César est invité à la manufacture Daum pour venir y réaliser des oeuvres en cristal. La rencontre inédite d’une industrie d’art presque centenaire et d’un acteur majeur de l’art contemporain est fructueuse. César va aborder le travail si spécifique du verre avec ce détachement propre à l’artiste. Son impertinence, voulue et assumée, va lui permettre de s’éloigner d’un mode de fabrication précis lié à un savoir-faire complexe. En dehors de toutes connaissances techniques, il va oser une approche originale et anticonformiste d’un matériau jusque-là généralement cantonné à la production d’objets utilitaires (et) ou décoratifs.
Apprivoiser l’obscure clarté qui tombe des étoiles : quelques photosensibilités singulières
Authors: Gasquet Lawrence
Published: February 2024

J’étudie ici les œuvres de quatre artistes britanniques contemporains qui ont choisi d’utiliser les techniques des pionniers de la photographie afin de créer des images originales, à la fois abstraites et familières, troublantes et paisibles. La lumière est l’élément qui leur permet de créer ces images, mais c’est également le sujet premier de leur réflexion artistique. Il s’agit d’analyser le lien indéfectible qui unit ces artistes à une pratique de la photographie qui peut sembler obsolète, mais qui leur permet de renouer avec une réflexion sur les conditions de l’acte de représentation. La perfection technique qu’ils obtiennent sans l’utilisation d’appareil photographique s’accompagne d’un engagement qui dépasse le champ esthétique pour rejoindre la sphère métaphysique. On retrouve là précisément les questions qui se posèrent au XIXe siècle lorsque les premières techniques photographiques furent mises à jour par Nicéphore Niepce en France, et par William Henry Fox Talbot en Angleterre.
Prouesses d’un art épistémologique : l’univers lumineux et engagé d’Olafur Eliasson
Authors: Shusterman Ronald
Published: February 2024

Dans les arts plastiques, les matériaux mêmes semblent réellement capables d’interroger, voire de modifier, nos modes de perception. Cet art épistémologique trouve peut-être sa plus grande puissance chez les explorateurs et les manipulateurs de la lumière, chez ceux pour qui la lumière est souvent une fin en soi. C’est bien cette finalité cosmologique ou scientifique qui fournit la motivation profonde des oeuvres d’artistes tels que Turrell, Kapoor ou Olafur Eliasson. Ce dernier notamment fait un art d’exploration et d’illustration de la science par le biais d’installations de lumière. Or, si la littérature échoue (à mon avis) dans ses tentatives de rivaliser avec la science expérimentale, cet art de la lumière parvient effectivement à nous fournir une pensée visuelle nous permettant de saisir certains concepts scientifiques. En conclusion, il conviendra de tracer les frontières de cet art sensoriel, en invoquant les liens possibles entre épistémologie et éthique.
Faktura ou le comment faire de l’exposition
Authors: Déry Louise
Published: February 2024

Cet exposé est consacré à un questionnement théorique qui situe la pratique de l’exposition entre la notion d’oeuvre exposée (Poinsot, 1987) et celle d’œuvre s’exposant (Déry, 1999). Il s’agit de proposer une approche de l’exposition qui tente de déprendre l’œuvre de ses discours établis au profit d’une assomption de ses silences et en faveur de ses conditions d’abandon. Ceci impose une faktura (Déry, 2006) ouvrant sur des procédés de mise en scène propices au ralentissement du regard, à l’écoute des bruissements les plus discrets de l’œuvre et à la position de guet du regardeur devant ce que l’auteure qualifie d’image manquante.
L’Italie (de Berlusconi et du Pape) à l’épreuve du Futurisme (de Marinetti et de Mussolini)
Authors: Métaux Sandra
Published: February 2024

Collaudi, omaggio a F.-T. Marinetti est le titre que les curators du pavillon Italie, Beatrice Buscaroli et Luca Beatrice, ont donné à leur exposition réunissant une vingtaine d’artistes italiens contemporains. La Biennale 2009 Fare Mondi de Daniel Birnbaum coïncidant en effet avec le centenaire du Futurisme, ils soumettent «le Théâtre de Variétés » de l’italianité aux tests (collaudi) du mouvement d’avant-garde de Marinetti, qui fut chargé des expositions de la Biennale de Venise de 1926 à 1942. Un diagnostic explosif et une réussite très contestée !
Les jardins topologiques de Bruce Nauman : chambres avec vues en sept jours
Authors: Sirven Hélène
Published: February 2024

En 2009, lors de la 53e biennale d’art à Venise, le spectateur était invité à vivre une expérience artistique dans la configuration spécifique de la ville en explorant trois lieux et quarante ans de l’oeuvre de Bruce Nauman. Croisant ce qui est visible et connaissable de l’histoire de Venise avec ce qu’excite la pluralité artistique de Nauman, on ne peut manquer de s’interroger sur ce qu’est un syndrome, une description, sur les limites et les supports de l’interprétation et sur la part du spectateur dans le processus de création d’un moment artistique organisé en partie pour lui, diffusé ensuite par des médias variés.
Le public n’est pas coupable
Authors: Ruby Christian
Published: February 2024

Ayant remarqué que la 53e Biennale d’art contemporain n’avait pas été seulement concentrée sur la «fabrication de mondes » par l’art, mais aussi sur le statut que l’on peut accorder au public contemporain dans cette fabrication, si elle a lieu, l’auteur analyse trois oeuvres : celle d’Elmgreen et Dragset (Pavillon du Danemark et des Pays nordiques), de Wolfgang Tillmans (même Pavillon) et d’Ulla von Brandenburg (Arsenal, partie 1), pour montrer comment elles mettent en question le préjugé d’un public incapable d’aborder les oeuvres d’art contemporain.
Un Goodman pluraliste et maniériste à la biennale de Venise 2009 ?
Authors: Popelard Marie-Dominique
Published: February 2024

La présente note n’a pas d’autre but que de revenir au sens goodmanien du titre de la biennale de Venise 2009 – un morceau du titre que le philosophe américain, Nelson Goodman, avait donné à son livre de 1978, Ways of Worldmaking – pour en montrer la force suggestive en ce qui concerne les manières artistiques de faire des mondes.
Les Antigones de Straub et Huillet
Authors: Ducat Philippe
Published: February 2024

Les adaptations straubiennes de Hölderlin et Barrès convergent en profondeur : la violence apparente de l’interprétation qu’elles proposent du texte littéraire libère en réalité le potentiel critique et subversif recélé par celui-ci. Straub et Huillet utilisent la littérature comme un moyen de mettre au jour les fondements de notre époque, celle du «progrès» technique, humanitaire et marchand, pour faire accomplir au spectateur un pas de côté par rapport à sa course folle.