bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Drones: a View in the Context of Land Legislation
Authors: Eiriyan G. N.
Published: October 2020

In the coming decade, the rapid development of the drone technology is to be expected. At the same time, airspace will increasingly become a conflict zone between drone operators and land users.

Unlike manned aircraft, drones are often used in low-altitude airspace, which is directly related to determining the “upper” boundary of the land plot as the object of use.

The author believes that the minimum altitude of the drone in airspace should ensure normal use of the land plot as intended. And the closer to the surface of the earth drones will fly, the more urgent there will be a need for a meaningful definition of such concepts as “the use of the land plot”, "impossibility of using the land plot”, “significant difficulties in using the land plot”, as well as criteria for “normal” use of the land plot as intended. According to the author, in some cases the specificity of activity on the surface of the earth necessitates the establishment of prohibitions (restrictions) on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in air space above them, as well as special rules on the use of low altitude airspace to meet “their own needs” by persons using the relevant land plots.

Particular attention is paid to the issue of protection of the rights to privacy of persons using land plots. The author summarizes that the use of drones in combination with video technologies will make adjustments to the existing 2D view of the boundaries of the land plot as an object of use and will entail problems in the protection of the right mentioned above.
Trends in the Development of the Doctrinal and Constitutional Foundations of the Russian Legal System
Authors: Lipen S. V.
Published: October 2020

The construction of the Russian legislation system is determined by the fundamental provisions on the types of normative legal acts, their relationship to each other, and the general issues of their creation, operation, accounting and systematization. These provisions are developed by the doctrine, they are constitutionally and legally fixed. New trends in the development of the foundations of the Russian legislation are announced by the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation made in 2020. There were no significant changes in the system, structure, creation and operation of regulatory legal acts. At the same time, new terminology is being introduced, and new institutions that legal science should address are emerging. The concept of "public authority" is being introduced, and it is likely that the development of legal aspects of its activities should be taken into account in the concept of Russian legislation. Preliminary constitutional control of laws is another new institution. The Russian model is specific to the subject of the relevant request (the President of the Russian Federation) and the objects of preliminary constitutional control (draft laws, Federal laws and laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation). The paper discusses other new constitutional provisions related to the foundations of Russian legislation.

The author summarizes that in connection with the amendments-2020, the development of the constitutional and doctrinal foundations of the system of Russian legislation should also be noted. These grounds, without undergoing dramatic changes, become somewhat more complex, new institutions appear (preliminary constitutional control of laws adopted by Federal and regional parliaments, etc.) and new terminology (public power, etc.). The development of the doctrine is guided by political will and constitutional changes, which can be considered as legal means of consolidating public administration. Further doctrinal development of the adopted constitutional innovations and improvement of the concept of Russian legislation are also necessary.
Some results of studying of mechanisms of effect of drinking mineral waters and prospect of further development of this problem
Authors: Frolkov Valery K. , Nagornev Sergey N. , Korlyakova Olga V.
Published: October 2020

In article the main achievements in a problem of studying of mechanisms of treatment-and-prophylactic use of drinking mineral waters are analysed. The important role of their nonspecific influence due to existence of a stressorny component, activation of digestive organs and increase in products of gastrointestpnalny and pancreatic hormones is proved. Increase in activity of enteroinsulyarny interrelations at intake of mineral waters provides optimization of the broken metabolic reactions. It is revealed that against the background of course intake of mineral waters the resistance to insulin due to optimization of hormonal and receptor interaction decreases. The role of activization of pro-oxidatic reactions in improvement of sensitivity of fabrics to insulin is discussed. Various methods of increase in medical potential of mineral waters due to change of algorithms of their use, enrichment are analyzed by vitamins and phytodrugs, nanoparticles of metals. The scheme of realization of biological potential of mineral water at its internal reception is offered.
The problems of social prevention of early motherhood
Authors: Reimer E. A
Published: October 2020

The article considers such two practical directions concerning problem of early motherhood as social adaptation of under-age mothers and social prevention of early motherhood. The local programs related to social adaptation of under-age mothers and social prevention of early motherhood developed and implemented in Volgograd in 2013-2014 are described.
The concept of risk factors for health and its interpretation in foreign sociology
Authors: Izutkin D. A
Published: October 2020

The approaches to concept of health risk factors and its interpretation in works of different sociologists are found out on the basis of foreign sociological literature. Two main tendencies in considering of this issue are marked out - priority of unhealthy forms of behavior and unfavorable conditions of environment. The critical evaluation of this trends is given in context of their subjective objective character.
The implementation of institute of insurance representatives as a new level of defense of rights of consumers
Authors: Reshetnikov A. V , Prisiajnaia N. V , Pavlov S. V
Published: October 2020

-
160 cases of curettage of the uterus
Authors: Kadish G. I.
Published: October 2020

If it is true that recently a small scraping operation has become very popular and widespread, then it is still certain that it has not yet achieved the universal recognition and distribution that it rightfully belongs to. It will not be superfluous to talk about curettage until the moment when the view is firmly established that in known cases curettage of the uterus is shown as much as the opening of an abscess when the last one is available; and if some still claim that scraping is being abused, that before they did just fine without it, then this can be answered that, of course, it was necessary to manage when the uterine cavity appeared to be some kind of noli me tangere and manipulations were carried out in it often not only to local diseases, but even to septicemia and that scraping in general is not only not abused, but it is still not used often enough. If this is somewhat strange given the modern aspiration to actively intervene in gynecology, then it should seem even more strange that they still argue about the advantages of an active or expectant way of acting in case of incomplete miscarriages, although it would seem that even with the present timely active intervention in these cases is obvious.
V.V. Lezin. - Two cases of cartilage dissection in zemstvo practice. (Vrach, 1895, No. 16)
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: October 2020

The author refers to the operation of the diagnosis with some enthusiasm and expresses the wish that the zemstvo doctors should contribute to the spread of this operation in Russia. His cases are as follows: 1) Primiparous, 24 years old. Rachytic pelvis with diagonal conjugate in 10 stm. The birth began. The head is driven into the entrance. There is no water. Contractions are frequent. Sagittal incision in the womb; one artery is tied at the base of the lust. Dissemination of cartilage in the usual way. When the head was removed with forceps (living fetus), the ends of the bones parted by 6 cm.
V.A.Petrov. - Medical report on the Saratov city maternity hospital, located in the department of the Physics and Medical Society, for 1892. (from "Saratovsk. Sanit. Obzor", 1893, No. 5-6)
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: October 2020

The maternity hospital has six regular beds, but it provides assistance to a greater number of women than the number corresponding to the provision. The house has a midwife school. In 1892, 366 women were assisted, of whom each spent an average of 6, 3 days in the house. Most often there were peasant women, burghers, soldier women, servants and dressmakers. The number of married women was 71.6%; unmarried 28.4%. Primordial women accounted for 31.6%. There were 307 urgent births. Twins 4. The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls = 1.1: 1. Stillborns accounted for 5.3%.
A. Kochetkov. - The first case of symphysiotomy in the clinic, prof. Phenomenova. (Diary Society of Physicians at Kazan Univ., 1894, issue IV)
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: October 2020

Third-born, 25 years old. Pelvic sizes: spinae 22, crystallae 24, c. ext. 17, diag. 9.5. Full open, head above the entrance, movable. Sharp and high standing ring of contraction. Good fight. The heartbeat of the fetus became narrower. The cut of the skin, which began above the bosom by 1.5 sntm., Reaching the plowman, dodged to the left. The vessels were seized with tweezers; the urethra is depressed posteriorly.
Schaller. - Zur Casuistik des Vagitus uterinus. (Zeitschr f. Geb. und Gyn., Bd. XXXI, Hft. 2). To the casuistry of the uterine cry of the fetus
Authors: Khazan S. Y.
Published: October 2020

A 44-year-old woman, VI para, in whom all previous births due to the narrowness of the pelvis ended with the help of art, was shattered, 13 hours after the release of abundant water, turning on her legs with incomplete opening of her mouth and weak pains. At the very moment when the knee appeared at the external genital parts, Sch. heard peculiar sounds emanating from the uterus. Having released the leg from his hands, he began to listen, putting his ear to the uterus; however, he did not hear any more sounds, but at the same time with correct heart tones he clearly felt the respiratory movements of the fetus.
Polgár. - Die Heilung der Osteomalacie mittelst Castration. (Arch. F. Gyn., Bd. XLIX, Hft. 1). Treatment of osteomalacia with castration
Authors: Khazan S. Y.
Published: October 2020

The results achieved at the Budapest Clinic clearly show that if hygienic and pharmaceutical processes have a beneficial effect on osteomalacia, then castration in any case belongs to the palm in a number of therapeutic cases, which are not even possible with the help of this action of other means.
Rossier. - Anatomische Untersuchung der Ovarien in Fällen von Osteomalakie. (Arch. F. Gyn., Bd. XLVIII, Hft. 3). Anatomical examination of the ovaries in cases of osteomalacia
Authors: Khazan S. Y.
Published: October 2020

Damp apartments, poor lifestyle, poor meat food, drinking water with low calcium salts, frequent pregnancies, long nursing, etc. play no doubt not the last role in the ethology of this suffering, but the brilliant results achieved by casting for one moment, namely the direct influence of the ovaries.
W. von Skowronski. - Ueber das runde Geschwür der Scheide. Beobachtung an einer lebenden Frau. (Centralbl. F. Gynäk., 1895, No. 10). About a round ulcer of the vagina. Observation in a living woman
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: October 2020

The author did not find in the literature a description of the case of this so-called round, irritating Clarke ulcer, observed in a living woman. His case concerns 37 years old, giving birth, a woman who fell ill a year ago with pain and pain during urination. The author found her swelling and soreness of the opening of the urethra and the anterior edge of the vaginal opening.
Dr. N. Peters. - Incarceration of the elongated vaginal part. - (Centr. F. Gynaec., No. 3, 1895)
Authors: Stroganov A.
Published: October 2020

R. reports a rare case of incarceration of the vaginal part in Brown's pessary. A nulliparous woman, 41 years of age, had a sharp lengthening of the vaginal part so that the external mouth was in rima pudendorum, the anterior vaginal fornix, occupied its normal position, and the posterior one stood very high.
Winternitz. - Haematocolpos after ulcerative adhesive inflammation of the vagina. - (Ibid., No. 13)
Authors: Stroganov A.
Published: October 2020

W. reports a relatively rare case of vaginal infection, with the accumulation of about 1000.0 fluid in a closed bag, while the uterus remained unchanged.
Dr. Cullingworth. - A case of advanced Extra-Uterine Gestation in wich a living Child was removed, the placenta left, and the Abdominal Wound entirely closed. (British med. Journ., 22 / XII 94, p. 1422). A case of extrauterine pregnancy in 8 months; extraction of a living child by gastrointestinal tract, leaving after and complete closure of the abdominal cavity
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

A 33-year-old, emaciated worker was sent by one doctor to the hospital with the diagnosis of an extrauterine pregnancy, 25 / ix 93. She had a previous birth 13 years ago, 3 years ago she had a 5 month miscarriage, the last regulations in April 93 she had pains in the abdomen with light bleeding; then she had morning sickness, swelling of her breasts. In August - the second attack of pain, lay for about a week in bed. Cullingworth, denying that she had an extrauterine pregnancy, kept her in the hospital until the pains soothed and for the 18th sent her home. 5 / I 94 she developed pain during labor with vomiting. The uterus was palpated not enlarged, without any discharge from her, a tumor in the abdomen with clear movements and heartbeats of the fetus. 13 / I the patient was again admitted to the hospital.
Dr. Dovenport. - The Ultimate Results of the Treatment of Retrodisplacements by Pessaries. (New-York. Med. Journ., 1894, 22 / IX, p. 376). Results of the treatment of posterior displacement of the uterus by means of rings
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Dr. Dovenport (Boston). Of the 50 cases of retroversio used by the pessaries, 10 were fully cured, the uterus kept its normal position; at 9 - there was an improvement, cure of painful symptoms. Thirty-one of these women now manage without pessary, but complain of some painful symptoms. Fully cured 10 women wore rings for 11/2 years.
Dr P. Davis, prof. Mann et al. — Fatal Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy. - (New-Jork Medic. Journ., 1894, 28 / VII, p. 121). Fatal nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. Dr. Terrel. - The Black vomit of Pregnancy. - (Ibid, 18 / VIII p. 212). Black vomiting in pregnant women
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Dr. Davis reported three fatal cases of vomiting during pregnancy. In the first of them, the pregnant woman suffered from gastric disorders before pregnancy; her vomiting was incessant and very exhausted her. She died at 2 months of pregnancy. Before dying, she developed a petechia-shaped spotty rash. In the second case, severe nausea and vomiting occurred at 3 weeks of pregnancy with severe pain and belching, locally: prolapsus and anteflexio uteri. The usual treatment. At 14 weeks, the anteflexed uterus was infringed at the bottom behind the pubis; the correction did not reduce vomiting. The expansion of the neck was accompanied by a slight improvement. It was decided to empty the uterus, which was done without difficulty and with minor bleeding. The patient, however, died soon after. An autopsy showed that the tissue of the uterine cervix was abnormally hard (fibrous); the uterus, ovaries, and tubes were normal; the blood was thin, fatty degeneration of the heart. In the third case, the patient, in addition to nausea and vomiting, suffered from severe pain in the epigastric region and vomiting had a coffee color. Everything possible was done, but nothing helped: the patient died.
A. Mueller (Victoria in Australia). - Two Curiosities in Midwifery practice. (Australasian Medical Gaz., 1894, VIII, p. 258). Two rare cases in obstetric practice
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

1) Congenital cyst, emanating from the spine, as an obstacle to childbirth. In 30-year-olds, I-women in labor, the baby's head sank into the pelvic cavity, the cervix opened, but despite the good contractions, labor was delayed. Examining the pelvis of a woman in labor with his finger to find out the reason for stopping labor, Mueller felt a fluctuating tumor in the lower part of the sacral cavity, the size of a hen's egg. Dr. M .. checked the result of examination of the per rectum and found it more convenient to pierce the tumor with a test trocar from the rectum. In the fluid released from the tumor, the light, straw color turned out to be epithelial, cylindrical cells, indicating that the cyst was congenital (Eulenburg) and communicated with the cavity of the fetal spine. Childbirth ended with forceps, with great effort in the course of half an hour. The postpartum period went well.
Dr S. M. Green. - Rupture of the Uterus; Palliative versus surgical Treatment. (New-Jork Med. Journ., 1894, 1 / IX, p. 281). Rupture of the uterus; palliative treatment in comparison with surgical
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Palliative treatment of uterine rupture Dr. Green calls the extraction of the child in a natural way, the maintenance of life exciting, nutrition, stopping bleeding with tamponade, cold, squeezing the uterus, etc. bleeding from the compressed uterus.
Dr. Thomas Smith (Washington). - Cases of Excessive Secretion of Milk. - (American Journal of Obstetrics etc., 1894, VIII, p. 213). - Cases of excessive milk secretion in women
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

In the first case, in a 21-year-old woman, milk began to come out of the breasts from the 2nd day after the birth and in such a huge amount that she was constantly wet. All sorts of means did not help in the first three months: belladona, iodide kaliy, ergotin, etc. More than other means helped: squeezing breasts and antipyrim with opium; last Smith appointed at the end of the 3rd month. Milk separation decreased immediately, apparently, without any influence of milk production. The amount of milk measured over the course of several days was 1/2 gallon (2 pounds?) + What the baby was sucking.
The Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports. Vol. III, no. 7, 8, 9. Report in Gynecology. Pp. 764. Baltimore. The Johns Hopkins Press, 1894. - (By reference to Americ. Journ. Of Obstetrics, 1894, VI, pp. 843-851). - Johns Hopkins Hospital Report in Baltimore
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Out of the extensive, beautifully processed report, I will cite only a few sections of it, setting out new ways, although other sections are very interesting.
Berry Hart. - On the Extra-peritoneal Form of ExtraUterine gestation. - (American Journal of Obstetrics etc., 1894, V, p. 577-593). - About the extraperitoneal form of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

A woman who considered herself pregnant, on the 3rd month (11 / I 93) developed severe pain and collapse; Dr. N., suggesting that she had an ectopic pregnancy, found her in a tolerable state and postponed the operation for another day. For tomorrow, a thorough examination indicated: a slightly enlarged uterus lay in retroversion in the left half of the pelvis, no hemorrhage was felt in the peritoneum; therefore, Hart gave up the idea of ​​a ruptured tubal pregnancy and surgery. 10 days later, a little blood appeared from the dilated uterine cervix; Hart scraped out the uterus, found pieces of a falling membrane, which he attributed to a simple miscarriage.
Female Doctor, Mistriss Mary Scharlieb. - (Physician to the In-Patients New Hospital for Women.) Surgical Treatment of Uterine Myomata. - (British Med. Journ., 1895, 12 / i, p. 68) .- Surgical treatment of myom uterus
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Mistriss Scharlieb performed 64 laparotomy, 20 of them - for myomas, are the subject of her report. From these 20 in 6 cases, the appendages were removed for the sake of stopping bleeding, in 13 - the tumor, uterus and appendages were removed, and in 1 - only the tumor. The first 6 recovered, the bleeding stopped in 5; of the rest, 14 two died from shock and 1 from a septic process.
Dr. W. B. Dorsett, (from St. Louis to the Americas) - Ligation of the Uterine Arteries for the Cure of Fibroid Tumors and Checking Haemorrhage. (New-Jork Med. Journ., 1894, 3 / xi, p. 567). Ligation of uterine arteries for the healing of fibroids and stopping bleeding
Authors: Ginzburg M.
Published: October 2020

Dr. Dorsett disputes with others the honor of the first application of the named method, referring to the production of this operation in 1889, about which he informed the medical society in St. Louis 17 / V 1890 and that was published by him in St. Louis Courrier of Medecine in the same year.
Materials for the study of secondary degeneration in the spinal cord after transverse injuries
Authors: Vorotynsky B. I.
Published: October 2020

All my experiments were carried out on dogs. I stopped at these animals in view of the fact that in terms of topographic relations, their spinal cord is closer to the human; this circumstance gives more guarantees not to fall into a gross error when comparing the results obtained with those of people. At the same time, only adult dogs were taken for the experiments, in which the process of development of the central nervous system could be considered completely complete. This condition was essential for my goals, since I set myself the task of studying secondary regeneration on fully developed brains. In addition, the question of the beginnings and consistency of the development of secondary degenerations of individual systems in the spinal cord of dogs, specially put into the program of my study, also required the observance of the indicated conditions.
The current state of science on aphasia
Authors: Idelson G.
Published: October 2020

We very often come across agraphy as a complication in any form of rupture disorder. This even in some forms of verbal speech is a direct consequence of it. For most people, even for many who have been, the right hand has the ability to write; it, therefore, is located under the influence of the center, which innervates the movements of the right hand. The paralysis of the right hand, in the face of a lesion in the center of the upper limb (the middle third of both central gyri), will, of course, destroy the careful movement necessary for writing. Sometimes, on the other hand, agraphia without the slightest damage to the motor function of the hand is subject to even greater doubt. Even Pitres's remarkable case showed mild motor and sensory disorders. Such disorders, perhaps, are easier to detect on the hands, than similar disorders with local aphasia on the lips, tongue, etc., since there can be corrected in the result of external infiltration from the opposite hemisphere, which is impossible here. But in any case, there is a connection on one side of the r between the normal state of the hand and the ability to write on the other side between agraphia and paralysis of the right hand.
The value of the Formol-Müller fluid in the hardening and staining of brain preparations
Authors: Osipov V. P.
Published: October 2020

In March 1896, an article by Professor Orth appeared in the Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift, in which he proposes a new sealing liquid, consisting of formalin and Mller's liquid and named after Formol-Mller's. Its composition: 100 parts of Mllerian liquid + 10 parts of formalin (by volume). Judging by Orta's article, preparations compacted in his liquid should be stored for a very long time.
A case of hysterical aphasia
Authors: Zhestkov V. I.
Published: October 2020

Hysterical aphasia or, as it is more often called, hysterical dumbness, is a relatively uncommon symptom of speech disorders in hysteria. For the first time, he was described by Charcot, who indicated the characteristic signs of hysterical dullness, distinguishing it from aphasia of organic origin: patients cannot pronounce a single word, not a single sound, although they correctly perform various movements with their tongues and lips; they are quite vividly explained by facial expressions, gestures; neither agraphia nor alexia is observed at the same time, there is also no verbal deafness; the intellectuals of the sick are not disturbed at all. Further observations in this direction have shown, however, that in some cases, hysterical dullness is accompanied by both agraphia and verbal dullness and deafness. Such cases were described by Charcot (right-sided hemiplegia and complete misery with agraphia, Cartaz, Mendel, Lemoine). In Russian literature, cases of hysterical mutilation were described by Davydov and B.I. Vorotynsky.
Letter to the editor
Authors: Ginzburg-Shik D.
Published: October 2020

Dear Mr. Editor! In the section "Chronicle and mixture", issue 2 of the V volume of "Neurological Bulletin", there is a note in which it is said that "in the Kherson psychiatric hospital, an audit is being carried out regarding the abuse discovered by the head physician, who has been temporarily removed from the performance of his duties." This naturally leads the author of the lock "to very sad reflections." One cannot but agree with the author that "it is extremely sad to mark such sad facts in our literature!" But first of all the facts or other facts should be recognized as sad on the moral and ethical side and published, it would seem, one must a priori be convinced of their validity.
The chronicle of the society of neuropathologists and psychiatrists at the imperial Kazan University. Protocol of the emergency meeting on February 2
Authors: Popov N. M.
Published: October 2020

Chaired by H. M. Popov, with the secretary V. P. Zhestkov; attended by Messrs. acting members: K. A. Arnshtein, K. V. Voroshilov, N. A. Mislavsky, N. A. Tolmachev, B. I. Vorotynskiy, A. F. Geberg, I. Naumov, D. V. Polumordvinov, L. A. Sergeev, P. S. Skuridin, D. A. Timofeev, S. N. Urvantsov; guests: Dr. Borman, Dolgov, Nikolaev and about 100 students.The protocols of 2 previous appointments were read and approved.
Chronicle of scientific gatherings of doctors of the St. Petersburg clinic for mental and nervous diseases. Emergency 2/15 96 year
Authors: Bekhterev V. M.
Published: October 2020

Chairman. Prof. Bekhterev, attended by: Erlitskiy, Dobrotvorskiy, Delov, Borispolskiy, Giza, Ostankov, Blumenau, Rosenbakh, Schelogin guests: Pyasetskiy, Lebedev, Levchatkin, Yurman and prof. Khrushchov.Prof. Khrushchov. About the application of X-rays to the recognition of various changes in the body and about the manifestation of invisible images on negatives.After presenting consistently the discoveries of Geisler, Crooks, Lenar and Roentgen, the speaker pointed out the method of printing from negatives that do not have images visible to the eye, using repeated photographs.
About the connections of the cerebellum with the rest of the central nervous system
Authors: Telyatnik F. K.
Published: October 2020

Now I turn to a brief summary of the content of some of the works specially devoted to the study of the cerebellar connections. I am not trying to collect all the literature related to this issue, but will confine myself only to the latest works produced with the help of the method most commonly used at the present time for solving questions about conducting paths, namely the method of rebirth. It must be said that a great service in this relationship was also rendered by the method of development, with the help of which a lot of valuable data were obtained, especially Bekhterev. But I will not dwell on them, since all the data obtained in the works of this author are set forth in the "Conducting Ways" and are already given above. As for the newest work performed according to the method of rebirth, all of them were carried out in such a way that one or another part of the cerebellum was damaged in the animal, or one or the other of its legs, and those regenerations were observed, which followed this damage. My works were produced in the same way, and therefore it is very easy to compare them with the works of other authors. This comparison is also favored by the fact that I produced the coloring of the preparations according to the Marchi method, which was also used by most of the researchers cited below.
To the question of diseases of the conusmedullaris and the sacral part of the spinal cord
Authors: Bregman I. S.
Published: October 2020

The suffering of the lower spinal cord and caudae equinae have recently attracted the attention of researchers, and observations related to this issue are now carefully collected and described everywhere. Thanks to this, the range of our information has significantly expanded both 1) in relation to the determination of the level of damage, and 2) in relation to the differential diagnosis between the suffering of the spinal cord itself and damage to the corresponding roots. First of all, with regard to the first point, Raymond proposed for clinical purposes a more precise border of the cerebral cone, to which, in addition to the established anatomical boundaries, he also included the part of the medullae sacralis, which lies below the exit of the III sacral root. Damage to this part of the spinal cord is caused by a completely definite complex of symptoms, which is composed of: paralysis of the bladder and rectum, disorders in the male reproductive apparatus and limited anesthesia not only of the mucous membranes of the mentioned organs, but also of the perineum, the circumference of the ani and the lower sciatic region thigh surface.
The case of erythrophobia
Authors: Popov N. M.
Published: October 2020

In the specialized literature for the last time, a description of a rather peculiar nervous suffering began to come across, which Pitres and Rgis called erythrophobia and the most prominent symptom of which is the periodically arising fear of reddening, on the one hand, a fearful reddening of the face, on the other hand. Apparently, the first indication of such a combination of clinical phenomena we find in Casper back in 1846. But the observation of this author, known to me only from the work of Westphalya (Ueber Zwangsvorstellungen. 1877. Berl. Klin. Woch. 1877), is too cited last day in general terms, so that one can speak about him with the desired certainty. After Casper, not one of the clinicians focused their attention on such cases, and only in 1896 appeared almost simultaneously several works devoted to the suffering of interest to us. Dugas (Revue philosophique, dec. 1896), Campbell (Brif. Med. Journal, 25 sept. 1896); Breton (Gazette des hpit. 20 oct. 1896), Pitres et Rgis (Archives de Neurologie 1896 No. 9. p. 253), Bekhterev (Review of Psychiatry 1896, No. 12; 1897 No. 1 and 8), Chigaev (Doctor 1897 30), Manheimer (La mdecine modern 1897 No. 8) published a whole series of observations in which the clinical picture of suffering is described in great detail and where its main features are already quite definite.
I. M. Dogel. The influence of music on humans and animals. — Kazan, 1897
Authors: Vorotynskiy B.
Published: October 2020

The present research of the venerable professor a few years ago served as the topic for his public lecture. In its present form, this study was published in the second edition, corrected and significantly supplemented, containing 126 figures in the text and with the attached tables of notes. Thus, the second edition of the extremely interesting and completely original work of prof. Dogel has already appeared in the form of a solid monograph.
Factors predicting prognosis of oncology patients followed in the intensive care unit
Authors: OĞUL Ali , PAYDAŞ Semra , KARAKOÇ Emre , SEYDAOĞLU Gülşah , BÜYÜKŞİMŞEK Mahmut
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine the factors affecting the mortality of oncology patients followed in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Materials and Methods: In this study 100 patients who were followed up in the ICU of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department between 2012-2014 were prospectively included. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, 1st and 3rd day Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) scores were used to determine the factors that were affecting mortality. Lactate, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and beta 2 microglobulin levels were determined at the time of admission to ICU. The relationship between vasopressor, renal, respiratory support need, neutropenia, infectious agents and mortality was determined during the follow-up period in the ICU. The patients were divided into two groups as patients transferred from ICU to the inpatient clinics (Group 1: 40 patients) and patients who were died in the ICU follow-up (Group 2: 60 patients).

Results: APACHE II and 1st and 3rd day SOFA scores, predictive mortality rate, intensive care admission lactate levels, vasopressor and respiratory support needs, renal support needs, BUN, potassium and magnessium levels, beta 2 microglobulin levels, positive Acinetobacter baumannii culture mean was statistically significant with mortality during intensive care follow up between the Group 1 and 2 patients. In addition, mortality was found to be less in patients followed up in the new ICU.

Conclusion: Beta 2 microglobulin level can be used to predict intensive care mortality.
Synoptic causes of torrential rainfall in South-eastern Spain (1941–2017)
Authors: Martín-Vide Javier , Moreno-García María C. , López-Bustins Joan A.
Published: October 2020

The weather types of 68 dates with torrential rainfall (≥200 mm/day) recorded at any weather station in the provinces of Alicante or Murcia during the period between 1941 and 2017 were determined using the Martín-Vide’s 1984 manual synoptic classification. Other relevant synoptic characteristics, as well as the surface pressure, and the value of the Western Mediterranean Oscillation index (WeMOi) on which those dates fell were also considered. The results show the high percentage of the Advection from the East with DANA (isolated high-altitude depression) or ‘gota fría’ type, which is present in more than 50% of the events, followed by the Trough type at 500 hPa and the Dynamic or Cold-core Low type, in the torrential rainfalls of South-eastern Spain. Except for the latter type, the average air pressure is close to or higher than normal. The WeMOi was negative for all events, which is consistent with the nature of this teleconnection pattern.
Evaluation of functional outcome after osteosynthesis of intra articular distal humerus fracture with pre contoured locking compression plates
Authors: Mohammed Faisal S. , Ingale Akshay B.
Published: October 2020

Background: Intra articular distal humerus fractures are challenging and cumbersome to treat. Therefore osteosynthesis of such fractures is required. The aim of our study was to evaluate the functional outcome of intra articular distal humerus fractures AO type  13C by osteosynthesis using olecranon osteotomy with pre contoured locking compression plates in orthogonal plate configuration.

Methods: Thirty patients were included in our study comprising of 18 males and 12 females. Mean age was 39.63 years with mean follow up of 34 weeks. 7 were AO type 13C1, 9 were AO type 13C2 and 14 were AO type 13C3. Osteosynthesis was done for all fractures by olecranon osteotomy approach. Functional outcome was assessed using mayo elbow performance score.

Results: Mean flexion attained at the end of follow up was 127.56 degrees with mean extensor lag of 7.16 degrees. Mean arc of motion was 120.4 degrees. Mean mayo elbow performance score at the end of follow up was 80.36. Mayo elbow performance score in patients aged less than 40 years of age was not statistically significant as compared to patients more than 40 years of age. Functional outcome was also dependent on fracture subtype.

Conclusions: Osteosynthesis of distal humerus fractures AO type 13C using pre contoured locking compression plates in orthogonal plate configuration by olecranon osteotomy provides excellent visualization of fracture and better functional outcome.
Functional outcome of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis with the use of locking plate in fracture distal end of tibia
Authors: Kamble Prashant , Marathe Nandan , Sharan Sudhir , Sharma Ayush , Sathe Ashwin , Jogani Abhinav
Published: October 2020

Background : Distal tibia fractures or pilon fractures are usually the result of combined compressive and shearing forces, which may lead to instability of the metaphysis. Poor vascularity, lack of muscle cover and frequent intra-articular extension often make these fractures very challenging to manage. There are plenty of options available to treat a distal tibia fracture which includes intramedullary nailing, external fixation, open reduction and internal fixation and minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of MIPO with respect to the healing of fracture site, the incidences of complications and to conclude whether MIPO circumvents the problems of formal open reduction and fixation with other implants.

Methods: A series of forty patients with fracture of the distal tibia on preoperative X-rays were treated with minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis using pre-contoured locking plates from June 2014 to October 2018 and followed up at regular intervals with X-rays and monitoring for complications.

Result: The functional scores were evaluated using Teeny and Wiss clinical rating system for ankle joints. Thirty-two patients had an ‘Excellent’ or ‘Good’ outcome. One patient was diagnosed with a soft tissue complication and delayed union and 3 patients were diagnosed with malunion without significant functional disability at follow up.

Conclusion: Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis with pre-contoured locking plates is associated with high union rate and good functional outcomes. It is an effective treatment modality for distal tibia fractures.
Open femoral neck fracture of 14 years old boy treated by emergency internal fixation with additional osteomuscular pedicle graft: case report
Authors: Kumara Hendra C. , Nasution Ariya M. , Jiwandono Bayu S. , Satriadi Anung B. , Utomo Pamudji
Published: October 2020

The incidence of femoral neck fractures in pediatric patients is rare, including <1% in all cases of fractures in children. The mechanism of injury is a high-energy injury that can cause a fracture in the femoral neck, open fracture cases are rare. Avascular necrosis is the most common complication. We report a fourteen year old boy who was in a road-traffic accident and had a Gustillo Anderson grade IIIA open femoral neck fracture. On the X-ray findings, we classified the type of fracture into Delbet type II. We decided to do the debridement and ORIF accompanied by an osteomuscular pedicle graft using a quadratus femoris muscle tendon fixed with 3 interfragmentary screws. Short-term evaluation shows a clinical union picture and is still well reduced without any signs of infection. Long-term evaluation of the bone healing process is needed and recognizes complications in the form of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
Surgical management of critical femoral bone loss by bone transport over intramedullary nail by monorail system: a case report
Authors: Nahar Kuldeep , Nahar Nikita
Published: October 2020

Present case report is about a male patient who met with a road traffic accident sustained an open crush, contaminated, injury of lower end femur of right side with significant loss of lower thigh bone (8 cm). He had fracture of inter condylar femur with fracture upper end tibia and lower third tibia with impending vascular insufficiency of leg and foot. Operated after correction of anaemia by debridement, fixation of femur with plate and inter condylar screw. Upper end tibia and Lower half tibia were fixed with separate plates and fasciotomy of leg. After 2 months femoral plate was replaced with intramedullary locking nail and superadded with monorail fixator. Corticotomy at proximal femur for bone transportation. Bone gap was corrected within 4 months and bone grafting was done at distal docking site. Union achieved and fixator removed after 4 months of this. Patient showed good results till last follow up 28 months, having good range of motion of knee.so critical bone loss at femur was treated by distraction osteogenesis over intramedullary nail with monorail external fixator system.
Large intramuscular plexiform neurofibroma of thigh: a multidisciplinary team approach
Authors: Mandal Aninda , Satyam Kumar , Sinha Avinash K. , Kumar Deepak , Dwivedi Prabhat K. , Panchbhai Nikesh D. , Pandey Lavleen
Published: October 2020

Large plexiform neurofibroma of lower extremity involving the muscle is a rare entity. In this article we present the case of plexiform neurofibroma of right thigh involving the muscular plane and entrapment of the sciatic nerve. A 28 year lady presented with a plexiform neurofibroma of right thigh of size 60 cm×30 cm×25 cm with a positive family history of neurofibromatosis type 1. MRI was done for the assessment of the tumour and the adjacent structure involvement. The neurofibroma was removed with a multidisciplinary team approach with an intensive peri operative management. The pathological diagnosis was plexiform neurofibroma with diffuse neurofibroma. We have reported a rare case of large plexiform neurofibroma of lower extremity with muscle involvement and nerve entrapment.
Double crush syndrome: clinical review of an unsolved puzzle
Authors: Kuruwa Deven R. , Elango Easwar , Shah Kunal A.
Published: October 2020

Double crush syndrome (DCS) involves compression of a peripheral nerve at two different segments. Median nerve is most commonly involved with proximal compression at the level of cervical spine and distal compression in the carpal tunnel. Little consensus exists in literature regarding its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology and definitive treatment. The purpose of this article is to summarize our current knowledge about this disease process as well as to touch upon the controversies that have been generated in recent times.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with superficial mycotic infections in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mannan Shamsun N. B. , Bakar Muhammad A. , Mamun Shaikh H. , Biswas Rajat S. R. , Hossain Istiaque
Published: October 2020

Background: Incidence of metabolic syndrome and superficial mycotic infection is progressively increasing worldwide. Skin disorders, usually neglected and frequently underdiagnosed in patients with metabolic syndrome. So, the objective of the study is to linkup between metabolic syndrome and superficial mycotic infections.

Methods: Total 300 diagnosed patients of superficial mycotic infection out of 1000 patients in a 5 months period from January 2019 to May 2019 who gave consent were chosen at random from the patients attending the OPD consultancy. Thorough clinical evaluation and routine hematological investigations, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), fasting lipid profile were tested and BMI and blood pressure were recorded to diagnose metabolic syndrome. Fungal infections were confirmed by KOH mount.

Results: Among 1000 patients attended in OPD consultancy, majority of the patients were female (60%). Among them 300 patients have got different superficial fungal infections (female was 223 and male 77). Among this 300-study population, age variation is significant. There were highest female patients in age group from 36 yrs- 45 yrs. Tinea corporis was the most frequent fungal infection in female (65%), Tinea cruris is highest in male (21%). The most alarming is that among that 300 patients 45% patients have got raised OGTT,91% patient has increased BMI, female predominant. 59.3% has raised blood pressure and increased serum cholesterol in 70.1% patients.  

Conclusions: Superficial fungal infections are epidemic worldwide.  In our study the new era is that presence of metabolic syndrome among patients with superficial mycotic infections. So early detection and treatment of metabolic syndrome helps in cure of superficial mycotic infections.

 
Skin manifestation in COVID-19 infection: a thousand appearances (immune response perspective)
Authors: Firmansyah Yohanes , Elizabeth Jessica , Tan Sukmawati Tansil
Published: October 2020

The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection are still unclear. The spectrum of the disease is very broad, with many target organs; one of them is skin. Various skin manifestations have been observed in COVID-19 patients. However, the observed skin manifestation was not specific. This following case series aims to provide an overview of skin manifestations in COVID-19 to help recognize the initial symptoms of COVID-19 infection. This case series also compares cases with and without skin manifestations. This case series discusses seven cases, which the patient had close contact, who had been diagnosed with confirmed COVID-19 by polymerise chain reaction (PCR) examination. The clinical symptoms were mild, such as fever, cough, sore throat, myalgia, malaise, headache, and skin lesions. There are few differences in in complete blood laboratories. Radiology features within normal limits. All patients were given a treatment regimen according to the Indonesian lung association recommendations and symptomatic drugs. Three of seven cases had skin manifestation, which two of them had a maculopapular lesion, and the other one had urticaria lesions. Subjective symptoms, such as itching and burning sensation, were reported. The majority of lesions were localized on the upper and lower limb. Also, in this following case series, there is a tendency for complete blood parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) to be lower in mild cases of confirmed COVID-19 with skin manifestations. It can be concluded that COVID-19 infection may result in skin manifestation with various clinical presentations. This important manifestation may help in diagnosing and treating COVID-19 and prevent further transmission.
Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing in Engineering Measurement
Authors: Li Qing
Published: October 2020

Unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing is widely used in the whole engineering measurement in recent years. It has many advantages including simple operation, high accuracy and high efficiency. It is precisely because of these advantages that unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing has gradually replaced the traditional surveying and mapping technology to be widely used. With the continuous expansion of the number and scale of projects in China, the effect of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing in engineering measurement is getting bigger and bigger. This article mainly analyzes the advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing and its application in engineering measurement, so as to provide some reference for the development of surveying and mapping engineering in China.