bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian Consensus “Hyperammonemia in Adults”
Authors: Lazebnik L. B. , Golovanova E. V. , Alekseenko S. A. , Bueverov A. O. , Plotnikova E. Yu. , Dolgushina A. I. , Ilchenko L. Yu. , Ermolova T. V. , Tarasova L. V. , Lee E. D. , Tsyganova Yu. V. , Akhmedov V. A. , Ageeva E. A. , Losev V. M. , Kupriyanova I. N. , Serikova S. N. , Korochanskaya N. V. , Vologzhanina L. G. , Zimmerman Ya. S. , Sas E. I. , Zhuravel S. V. , Okovity S. V. , Osipenko M. F. , Radchenko V. G. , Soldatova G. S. , Sitkin S. I. , Seliverstov P. V. , Shavkuta G. V. , Butova E. N. , Kozhevnikova S. A.
Published: March 2020

The human body, like any other, is an intermediate component of the nitrogen cycle in nature. Consuming nitrogen from the external environment in the form of various compounds, the body processes it into ammonia - one of the final products of exchange of nitrogen-containing substances [1], which is removed from the body in the form of urea. The most active ammonia producers are organs with high exchange of amino acids and biogenic amines - nerve tissue, liver, intestine, and muscles. In a state of nitrogen equilibrium, the adult body consumes and releases about 15 g of nitrogen per day, temporary or permanent disruption of nitrogen balance results in a great number of physiological conditions and diseases, and the need to stabilize it is well known. However, despite a huge number of studies on the role of nitrogen metabolism and its compounds in the clinic, to date we have not been able to find any conciliation document in the world literature on the classification of ammonia-ammonium levels in human blood and approaches to the correction of hyperammonemia, which was the basis for the emergence of this consensus.
Immunolocalization of the complement component C1q in the mucous membrane of the human duodenum (duodenitis II-III degree)
Authors: Zamolodchikova T. S. , Shoibonov B. B. , Svirshchevskaya E. V.
Published: March 2020

In order to establish the supposed role of the complement system in the regulation of homeostasis and defense reactions in the intestinal epithelium, an immunofluorescent analysis was conducted of localizing the C1q complement component in the inflamed mucosa of the human duodenum (DM) (duodenitis II-III degree) using C1q-specific antibodies. The findings suggest a pronounced presence of the C1q complement component in various DM areas during inflammation, both in the epithelial layer and in the lamina propria, where C1q is localized in the region of the basolateral membrane of enterocytes and some free cells, presumably neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells. A C1q-specific reaction in the epithelial cells and secretory ducts of the duodenal glands indicates a possible secretion of C1q. Co-localization of C1q, cathepsin G and cell adhesion proteins in the DM epithelium implies their interaction in the regulation of tissue metabolism, modification and maintenance of the barrier properties of the intestinal epithelium in normal and with inflammation.
Secondary lesions of liver in acute glomerulonephritis in youngmen
Authors: Sargsyan M. V.
Published: March 2020

Goal: To study the peculiarities of the course of acute glomerulonephritis in youngmen. Material and research methods: Current study presents the results of clinical examination of 150 youngmen, aged 18-22, who were hospitalized with acute glomerulonephritis. The control group consisted of 50 practically healthy youngmen. Results: The study results showed, that subclinical liver injury was observed in 66 out of 150 examined patients with acute glomerulonephritis, the cause of which can be hepatotoxic effects of antipyretic drugs, taken in the early stages of the disease. In general, liver injuries occurred in acute glomerulonephritis caused by streptococcal infection. Moreover, manifestation of liver injury did not depend on the dose of medicine. Due to toxic and immunological liver injury, levels of transaminases increase and albumin levels decrease.
Administrasi PTK 2
Authors: elvira sophia
Published: March 2020

Educators (teachers) must have competence as agents of learning at the level of primary and secondary education and early childhood education. PTK promotion is divided into 10 types, namely regular promotion, choice, privilege, dedication, posthumous, promotion in learning tasks, promotion promotion to state official, promotion to outside assignment, promotion to military service, promotion of diploma adjustment. PTK performance evaluation uses 4 principles which are based on provisions, based on performance, based on teacher PK documents, and are carried out consistently. The role of the teacher in PTK administration is that the teacher participates in thinking about planned educational activities and their grades, the teacher reflects the good atmosphere, the disciplinary teacher, the education administration teacher, the young generation leader, and the translator to the community.
administrasi pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan
Authors: Agustin Jesy , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

In the article discuss about administration of educators and education staff, the purpose is knowing that the reader can know the role of an educator and education staff in the an administration. In order not to lag far behind, administration a school or college, then the level needs to be done so that completition preparation is easier to pass. administration of educators and education staff includes part of the personnel administration, financial administrtion affairs, administration of facilities and infrastructure, administration of school relations with the community, administration of correspondence and filling, student administration and curriculum administration. And also special service officers consisting of school guards, gardeners, cleaning staff, drivers of a school conducted by a teacherand a collage carried out by a lecturer.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: fadhila Annisa
Published: March 2020

The writing of this article aims to create an atmosphere conducive to the learning process. The curriculum is defined as all the learning experiences that the school provides to students while attending education at a particular educational level. Efforts to provide learning experiences for students can take place both inside and outside the classroom, whether written or not, as long as they are aimed at forming quality graduates. Curriculum planning carried out by the Ministry of National Education at the central level includes the preparation, program and curriculum development and preparation of technical guidelines for curriculum implementation such as guidelines for the preparation of the educational calendar, division of teacher assignments, preparation of lesson schedules, preparation of teaching programs and guidelines for the preparation of teaching preparation.Student administration is the process of managing all matters relating to students in a school starting from planning student acceptance, coaching for students in school, until students complete their education through the creation of an atmosphere conducive to the ongoing process of effective teaching and learning. The teacher's role as a researcher is carried out as a professional task of the teacher who has the responsibility in improving his performance as a teacher.
ATRIBUT PRODUK YANG DIPERTIMBANGKAN DALAM PEMBELIAN KOSMETIK WARDAH DAN PENGARUHNYA PADA KEPUASAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN MANAJEMEN STIE ”KBP” PADANG
Authors: Emita Sesria , Magdalena Maria
Published: March 2020

This research has problem formulation as follows whether product attribute have an effect on student satisfaction in STIE "KBP" padang. In this research of type data used is quantitative data. The populatiion in this students study STIE "KBP" Padang which amounted to 538 people and samples 85 people using the formula slovin. Based on the results of research show that attribute product have positive and significant effect to customer satisfaction because t-hitung value (9,678) with significant value 0,000 smaller than level of significance 0,05. While the F-test value of the resullt test is 93.656, and the significant value f for the product attribute variable 0.000 this means significant f smaller than 0.05 This indicates there is a positive and significant influence between the product attribute to consumer satisfaction.
administrasi kurikulum
Authors: Agustin Jesy , Afriansyah Hade
Published: March 2020

This article aims to fulfill administrative duties and educational supervision. Where this article is titled "Curriculum Administration." This article writing technique is taken by looking for existing information. Curriculum administration is the entire process of activities planned to help achieve educational goals. The curriculum administration process is curriculum planning, curriculum implementation, curriculum supervision, and curriculum evaluation. The role of teachers in curriculum administration is as implementers, adapters, developers, and researchers.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: elvira sophia
Published: March 2020

Curriculum administration is the whole process of planned and endeavored and earnest activities as well as continuing coaching of the teaching and learning situation effectively and efficiently in order to help achieve the stated educational goals. The process in implementing curriculum administration is planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating. The role of the teacher in curriculum administration is as an implementer that is as an application of the existing curriculum, adapters namely as implementing the curriculum, developers as the administrative determinant of what should be developed, and the researcer is as a curriculum researcher.
EFFECT OF WORK STRESS AND WORK SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE PT. PRIMATAMA MULIA JAYA IV KOTO KINALI KECAMATAN KINALI KAB. PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Samosir Frencus , Magdalena Maria
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this study to determine and analyze the influence of job stress and job satisfaction partially and simultaneously to the performance of employees of PT. Primatama Mulia Jaya IV Koto Kecamatan Kinali Kab. Pasaman Barat. The research method used is quantitative descriptive. The sampling technique used is accidental sampling method so that from the population is taken as many as 73 respondents, the data collection method used is by using survey or observation, questionnaire and literature study. Data analysis techniques used were classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, t test, F test and detemination coefficients. Based on multiple regression analysis, work stress variable and job satisfaction on employee performance in get Y = 18,776 + 0,510 X1 + 0,156 X2 + e. From the t test conducted got job stress and job satisfaction have a significant and positive effect on employee performance of PT. Primatama Mulia Jaya IV Koto Kecamatan Kinali Kab. Pasaman Barat From the results of F test proved that the variable of work stress and job satisfaction simultaneously have a significant and positive effect on the performance of employees of PT. Primatama Mulia Jaya IV Koto Kecamatan Kinali Kab. Pasaman Barat, while the result of coefficient of determination obtained ability of independent variable explain dependent variable equal to 36,9% rest 63,1% explained by other variable not used in this research.
Administrasi Kurikulum
Authors: luthfi alqori
Published: March 2020

Administration is a system that helps, serves, directs or manages all activities in achieving a goal. besides that, educators are professionals who are tasked with planning and implementing the learning process, assessing learning outcomes, conducting guidance and training, and conducting research and community service. And The curriculum is a set of plans arranged regarding the content, materials and methods used in the teaching and learning process. The curriculum must also be relevant, according to the times and the needs of students at that time. In planning, the curriculum must be implemented so that objectives can be achieved and the need for supervision and evaluation of the curriculum in order to create a learning atmosphere that is systematic, fun and not boring. Therefore, it can be seen that the existence of a curriculum is very important in an education. In addition, the teacher also has a role in curriculum administration, because the teacher is in charge as the technical implementer in implementing the curriculum.
Pengaruh Kebutuhan Aktualisasi Diri Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan Pada Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Sumatera Barat
Authors: Utami Rejil Seri , Magdalena Maria
Published: March 2020

In the problem of employee work performance in the West Sumatra industrial and trade department. In the company a productivity that does not support work productivity. the number of employees who do not understand the work done, employees are also not responsible for a job. because of the large amount of work done by employees given by superiors. The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of self-actualization needs and workload on employee performance at the West Sumatra Industry and Trade Office. This type of research is quantitative. The population of this study were employees at the West Sumatra Industry and Trade Office with 41 samples taken in Total Sampling. Data is processed using multiple linear regression using a questionnaire. The results showed that there was an effect of self-actualization needs on work performance with a value of t arithmetic 2,281> t table 2,022, and sig value 0,028 <0,05 and t count 2,066,> t table 2,022, and sig value 0,046 <0,05, it could be concluded that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected means that the workload has a significant and significant effect on work performance decisions and suggestions for further researchers to be able to use this research as a reference which will later provide a comparison in conducting further research
KATEGORI SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Karmila
Published: March 2020

Setiap negara memiliki sistem pemerintahannya masing-masing yang dimana sistem pemerintahan yang meraka anut sesuai dengan keadaan masyarakat atau rakyatnya.sebagaimana negara tionghoa atau negara tirai bambu meraka menganut sistem pemerintahan komunisme yang dimana agama apapun tidak boleh berdiri di situ padahal hal itu bertentangan dengan nrgara kita yaitu Indonesia yang mana menganut sistem pemerintahan presidensil yang dimana bentuk pemerintahannya adalah republic sedangkan sistem pemerintahannya presidensil yang mana dasar negara adalah Pancasila yang terdapat pada sila pertama yang berbunyi ketuhanan yang maha esa maknanya adalah percaya dan taqwa kepada tuhan yang maha esa dengan agama dan kepercayaannya masing-masing munurut dasar kemanusian yang adil dan beradap dan hormat menghormati serta kerja sama antar pemeluk agama dan penganut-penganut kepercayaan yang berbeda-beda sehingga terbina kerukunan hidup.
Pengertian, Proses, Hak dan Kewajiban Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan (PTK) 1
Authors: luthfi alqori
Published: March 2020

Administration is a system that helps, serves, directs or manages all activities in achieving a goal. besides that, educators are professionals who are tasked with planning and implementing the learning process, assessing learning outcomes, conducting guidance and training, and conducting research and community service. Administration of educators and educational staff is the overall process of educator activities which includes planning, organizing, directing, reporting, coordinating, monitoring and financing, using or utilizing available facilities, both personal, material, and spiritual, to achieve educational goals effectively and efficiently.The purpose of the education of educators and education personnel who support the education system is to provide eligibility for educators in carrying out their duties both as educators and nursing staff in schools. So, the education of educators and labor are interrelated so that educational goals can be achieved.
Konsep Dasar, Fungsi dan Ruang Lingkup Administrasi Pendidikan
Authors: Rahmi Hidayatul
Published: March 2020

Education is a process of learning the skills and knowledge and habits of human groups that are passed down from one generation to another and carried out comprehensively and systematically.
How risk-seeking are people when facing a sure loss? Negative interest rates as a convenient conceptual framework
Authors: Efendic Emir , Corneille Olivier , D'Hondt Catherine , De Winne Rudy
Published: March 2020

People occasionally face sure loss prospects. Do they seek risk in search of better outcomes or contend with the sure loss and focus on what is left to be saved? We addressed this question in three experiments akin to a negative interest rate framework. Specifically, we asked participants to allocate money (Experiments 1 and 2) or choose (Experiment 3) between two options: i) a loss option where, for sure, they would end up with less, or ii) a mixed gamble with a positive expected outcome, but also the possibility of an even larger loss. Risk aversion (i.e., choosing the sure loss) ranged from 80% to 36% across the three experiments, dependent on varied sizes of sure losses or expected outcomes. However, overall, the majority (> 50%) of allocations and choices were for the sure loss. Our findings indicate a tolerance for sure losses at the expense of mixed gambles yielding much better expected outcomes. We discuss the implications of this sure-loss tolerance for psychological research, its implications in terms of (cumulative) prospect theory, and what the results mean for the implementation of negative interest rates.
Promoting ear plugs at music events: evaluation of the Celebrate Safe approach
Authors: Crutzen Rik , Noijen Judith , Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram
Published: March 2020

Objective: The Celebrate Safe approach concerns a collaboration between public health organisations and music event/venue organisers to stimulate health promotion interventions in nightlife settings and at music events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Celebrate Safe approach with regard to its impact on use of ear plugs among visitors of music events.Design: A pre-registered cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted at music events throughout the Netherlands (k=20). In the experimental condition, event organisers were asked to share an online pre-event message concerning ear plugs, clearly indicate where visitors could buy ear plugs, and sell ear plugs at busy locations on the premises. Visitors were stimulated to wear ear plugs by means of an ‘ear check’ at the beginning of the event.Study sample: Observations to assess whether event visitors wear ear plugs (N=3836).Results: A multilevel model, taking into account nesting of visitors within events, revealed that use of ear plugs at music events in the experimental condition was higher in comparison to events in the control condition (23% vs. 14%, OR=1.9, 95%CI 1.2-3.0, p = 0.004).Conclusions: The Celebrate Safe approach has a positive impact on use of ear plugs among visitors of music events.
Wartościowanie w tekście medialnym – interpretacje tłumacza
Authors: Pstyga Alicja Teresa
Published: March 2020

Wartościowanie w tekście medialnym — interpretacje tłumacza
Artykuł dotyczy problemu wartościowania w dyskursie medialnym, który rozpatrywany jest na przykładzie rosyjskich tekstów medialnych przełożonych na język polski. Aksjologia z punktu widzenia przekładu tekstów prasowych –  kreatywnych, zwykle o funkcji perswazyjnej, w których różne środki bywają wykorzystywane jako nośniki konotacji wartościujących, przedstawiając temat wypowiedzi w sposób negatywny bądź pozytywny, skłania do zwrócenia uwagi na stopień odtworzenia (vs. zmiany) wartościowania. Globalne, całościowe spojrzenie na oryginał i przekład w odniesieniu do tekstów prasowych (medialnych) pozwala dostrzec także inne elementy struktury tekstów, których obecność, wyróżnienie lub pominięcie wpływa na znak wartości całego komunikatu.
Critical assessment of CuZn39Pb2 processing maps
Authors: Yin Jing , Wu Shiqing , Song Zhenlun , Xu Cheng , Cui Qi
Published: March 2020

Isothermal hot compression tests of the CuZn39Pb2 continuous casting bar were carried out at 650 - 750 °C and strain rates of 0.1 - 50 s-1. After the experimental data were obtained, processing maps were constructed and discussed on the basis of the Prasad, Murty and Malas instability criteria to critically evaluate the flow behavior of the CuZn39Pb2 continuous casting bar. The microstructure suggested that the processing map based on the Murty instability criterion was suitable for optimizing the process parameters of the CuZn39Pb2. The relationships between the characteristics of processing maps and the deformation mechanisms under different strains were analyzed on the basis of Murty instability criterion. Considering the theoretical analysis results and energy consumption economy, 690 °C ≤ T ≤ 720 °C with 1 s-1 ≤ έ ≤ 3 s-1 are the best process parameters for CuZn39Pb2 forging.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE TRAFFIC COMPOSITION ON THE DEGREE OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND THE WAYS OF PREVENTION
Authors: Giorgi Purtskhvanidze
Published: March 2020

Motor transport is an important part of the energy sector and represent one of the main sources of polluting the atmospheric air with toxic compounds. The work discusses the influence of traffic composition on the degree of environmental pollution and the ways of prevention. The perspective of implementing the “Green Street” in Kutaisi is considered based on the research of transportation flow intensity.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE GENOTYPE OF STUD BULLS OF HOLSTEIN BREED ON THE LEVEL OF SOME INDICATORS OF NITROGEN METABOLISM OF OFFSPRING IN WESTERN SIBERIA REGION
Authors: Sebezhko O. I. , Narozhnykh K. N. , Konovalova T. V. , Korotkevich O. S. , Slobozhanin D. M. , Nazarenko A. V.
Published: March 2020

The results of studies of indicators of nitrogen metabolism in the blood serum of the descendants of four bulls at the age of 12-13 months are presented. The studies were conducted in the South of Western Siberia at Vaganovo OJSC on the livestock population of Holstein breed. The creatinine concentration in the blood serum samples of the sons was determined using a set of reagents from Vector-Best (Russia). In the regions of animal breeding, constant monitoring of water, soil, feed, animal organs and tissues is carried out. It was established that in the areas in which the studied breeds were bred, the content of macro- and microelements did not exceed the MPC. The level of serum creatinine in the examined animals on average for all groups of sons was 308.2 ± 24.1 μmol / L, which exceeds the generally accepted values   of this indicator. However, taking into account age and sex and breed characteristics, taking into account data on the overall health of the animals examined, information on the ecological well-being of the breeding zone, the results can be considered as reference values   for healthy Holstein bulls in Western Siberia. It was shown that in the blood serum of the sons of some fathers, the creatinine content was 1.7 times higher (364.2 ± 52.7 μmol / L) than in the descendants of other manufacturers (p> 0.95). A group of half-siblings was found, which were characterized by a low hereditary predisposition to creatinine content. Discovered differences in the creatinine content in the blood serum of sons reflect the differentiation of bulls and indicate genetically determined features of the functioning of the homeostasis system. In this case, most likely, there is a different ability of descendants to adapt to environmental and climatic conditions.
Investigating the Effect of Geocell Changes on Slope Stability in Unsaturated Soil
Authors: Mehdipour Behnam , Hashemolhosseini Hamid , Nadi Bahram , Mirmohamadsadeghi Masoud
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research is to investigate the performance and efficiency of reinforced slope in the stability of geocell layers in unsaturated soil conditions. Slope reinforced with geocell acts like a beam in the soil due to the geocell having a height (three-dimensional). Due to its flexural properties, it has moment of inertia as well as bending strength, which reduces the displacement and increases the safety factor of the slope. Taking into consideration unsaturated conditions of soil contributes a lot to making results close to reality. One of the well-known models among elastoplastic models for modeling unsaturated soils is Barcelona Basic Model, which has been added to the FLAC2D software by codification. Changes in thickness, length and number of geocell layers are remarkably effective on slope stability. The results show that the geocell's reinforcing efficiency depends on the number of layers and depth of its placement. As the depth of the geocell's first layer increases, the lateral and vertical side elevation of the upper part of the slope increases with respect to the elevation. Load capacity increases with increasing geocell length. By increasing the length of the geocell layer, the joint strength, the mobilized tensile strength, and the bending moment are increased. At u/H = 0.2, an increase in the bending momentum of about 20% occurs with increasing geocell thickness. In u/H = 1, the increase in bending momentum is 10.4%. In addition, by increasing the thickness of the geocell, the Value of moment of the inertia increases and, as a result, the amount of geocell reinforcement bending moment increases.
Research of the Design Feasibility of a 3-Wheel Electric Vehicle with a Simplified Control System
Authors: Medić Srđan , Kondić Veljko , Mihalić Tihomir , Runje Vedran
Published: March 2020

The need for a simple, customised electric vehicle (EV) has inspired the research of the possibility to build a simple EV tailored for the specific needs of the buyer. This paper is focused on the concept of an EV with no conventional control mechanism. In this paper, a research of user needs, vehicle dynamics, vehicle aerodynamics, type of drive and batteries was carried out. EV aerodynamics characteristics were simulated by using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The control system was designed in correlations with the maximal safe velocity and the radius of EV turning on a circular path. The stability of the EV, concerning the vehicle turning over and wheels slipping while driving in the curves, was the main concern of this paper. The steering wheel and brake pad were replaced with a control stick. Using the Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis, key parts of the construction were constructed.
Features of the functional state of the human body in extreme professional environment
Authors: Vlasenko Natalya , Makarova Irina , Aksyonova Alla
Published: March 2020

Assessment and prediction of the functional state of specialists in an extreme professional environment is a physiological justification for the organization of labor to maintain the high performance of specialists. The purpose of the work is psycho diagnostic and electrophysiological study of the functional state of firefighter-rescuers with different service lives in the Federal Firefighting Service of the Ministry of Emergencies in the Tver region, taking into account the daily dynamics. Materials and methods: the survey involved 235 male rescue firefighters aged 25 to 45 years with a service experience from 1 to 22 years. All subjects were divided into three groups depending on the length of service. To assess the functional state, we used a questionnaire with scales of well-being, activity and mood, and a method of heart rate variability. Results: the subjective assessment on the scale of the questionnaire was optimistic, homogeneous and quite rigid. Analysis of heart rate variability showed a more heterogeneous picture. When assessing the daily dynamics, a vagotonic shift was detected in most firefighter-rescuers. Correlation analysis revealed balanced adequate connections between the self-assessment of the functional state and the hardware diagnosis of heart rate variability only for firefighter-rescuers with 7–15 years of service experience, which corresponds to the stage of formed professionalism.
Adult Participation in Learning in Digital Age
Authors: Dumičić Ksenija , Bregar Lea , Novkovska Blagica
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we investigated whether and to what extent digitalisation and research intensity in a country (e.g. Slovenia, Croatia) affect the participation of adults in learning (APinL). Statistical analysis for EU28 countries for 2018, carried out by combination of different statistical methods highlighted strong positive correlations of APinL and selected variables (human capital; use of internet services; integration of digital technology; research expenses in GDP - GERD). Clustering and profile chart analysis clearly revealed three clusters of countries differing by achieved level of digitalisation, which conforms closely to the level of APinL. High APinL in digitally advanced countries could be mainly assigned to increased educational needs and new innovative education forms.
Huawei – Schlüsselkonflikt für die strategische Rivalität zwischen USA und China
Authors: van Scherpenberg Jens
Published: March 2020

Der neue, superschnelle Standard für Mobilfunknetze der 5. Generation (5G) bringt nicht einfach eine tausendfach höhere Datenübertragungs-Kapazität und eine vielfach höhere Geschwindigkeit der Datenübermittlung, er ist vielmehr eine transformative Technologie mit weitreichenden Auswirkungen für die gesamte Wirtschaft eines Landes. Im amerikanischen Verständnis ist die Wahrung der weltweiten Technologie-Überlegenheit essentiell für die Sicherung der unanfechtbaren Vormachtstellung der USA. Sie sehen die USA durch den technologischen Vorsprung und die erreichte Weltmarktführerschaft von Huawei bei der künftigen 5G-Mobilfunktechnik exemplarisch bedroht. Sie setzen ihre europäischen Verbündeten massiv unter Druck, sich ihrer „decoupling“ Politik gegenüber China, vor allem beim Einsatz von Huawei-Technik in den neuen 5G-Netzen, anzuschließen. Die Warnungen vor den damit verbundenen Sicherheitsrisiken werden ergänzt durch Drohungen für den Fall eines Einsatzes von Huawei-Technik im 5G-Netz. Die „digitale Souveränität“ der EU, die in der Huawei-Debatte zum Schlagwort geworden ist, wird sich nicht ad hoc per Parlamentsbeschluss erreichen lassen. Aber als mittelfristiges Ziel ist sie in einer Welt der von den USA betriebenen De-Globalisierung mit sich gegeneinander stellenden geoökonomischen Blöcke umso entschiedener anzustreben.
Die Europäische Kommission als Regierung Europas? Eine Analyse der politischen Steuerungsmöglichkeiten der supranationalen Exekutive nach der Wahl Ursula von der Leyens zur Präsidentin
Authors: Becker Stefan , Bauer Michael W.
Published: March 2020

Die Europäische Kommission ist das supranationale Exekutivorgan der Europäischen Union. Sie bereitet Gesetze vor und kontrolliert deren Einhaltung, verwaltet gemeinsam mit den Mitgliedstaaten den EU-Haushalt und übernimmt etliche Koordinierungsfunktionen. Zum 1. Dezember 2019 hat mit Ursula von der Leyen erstmals eine Frau das Spitzenamt der Kommission übernommen. Ihre Nominierung war allerdings nicht unumstritten. Mit Spannung wird daher erwartet, welche Rolle die Kommission unter ihrer neuen Präsidentin spielen wird. Tritt sie, wie unter Vorgänger Jean-Claude Juncker, weiterhin selbstbewusst auf? Oder interpretiert sie ihre Rolle eher als „Sekretariat“ der Mitgliedstaaten? Dieser Beitrag analysiert die Steuerungsmöglichkeiten der neuen Kommission in einem zunehmend politisierten Umfeld.
Afrikas wirtschaftliche Zukunft liegt in Afrika. Ein Plädoyer für eine kreative Politik der Fluchtursachenbekämpfung
Authors: Tetzlaff Rainer
Published: March 2020

Selbst bei einer äußerst großzügigen Gestaltung der Asyl- und Migrationspolitik der EU Länder (die im Jahr 2019 mehr als unwahrscheinlich erscheint) werden sowohl die Mehrheit der Schulabgänger in afrikanischen Demokratien als auch die Mehrheit der arbeitssuchenden jungen Generation in den Diktaturen und Staatszerfallsländern Afrikas nicht in Europa oder Nordamerika ihren Lebensunterhalt bestreiten können, sondern langfristig vor allem in den modernisierten Landwirtschaften Afrikas (Nahrungsmittelproduktion und eigene Rohstoffverarbeitung). Die Regierungen der EU (wie die anderer Industriestaaten) werden mit ihrer Politik der ‚kreativen Fluchtursachenbekämpfung‘ in Form von Migrationspartnerschaften, privaten Direktinvestitionen und Handelsverträgen sowie durch Entwicklungshilfe-Aktionen aktiv nur sehr wenige neue Arbeitskräfte in Afrika schaffen können, so hilfreich all diese Maßnahmen im Einzelfall (auf Projektebene) auch sein können. Breitenwirksam könnten positive Arbeitsmarkt- und Wachstumseffekte wohl nur dann erzielt werden, wenn sich in der Agrar- und Handelspolitik der EU-Länder sowie anderer Staaten, wie vor allem Chinas, faire Beziehungen zu afrikanischen Volkswirtschaften (gegen politisch einflussreiche Agrarlobbys) durchsetzen könnten, die afrikanischen Mitkonkurrenten Luft zum Atmen ließen (Abbau von Protektionismus und Überdenken neoliberaler Normen in der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit).
Wie Koalitionsdisziplin den parlamentarischen Mehrheitswillen blockieren kann
Authors: Stecker Christian
Published: March 2020

Politische und wirtschaftliche Machtverhältnisse stehen unter Legitimationsdruck. Sie müssen unter Beweis stellen, dass sie dem Gemeinwohl dienen und nicht nur Partikularinteressen. Unser Aufsatz klärt die Fragen, was das Gemeinwohl ist und was Gemeinwohlorientierung in Politik und Wirtschaft bedeuten.
Bestandsaufnahme und Perspektiven. Einleitung in die Serie
Authors: Sturm Roland
Published: March 2020

Ziel der Serie ist es, Rationalität und Irrationalität von Prozessen gesellschaftlichen, wirtschaftlichen und politischen Wandels besser einordbar zu machen. Methodisch gehen die Beiträge der Serie einen Weg, der von den ansonsten in der Zeitschrift geltenden Gestaltungsprinzipien etwas abweicht: Nicht die Analyse des Fallbeispiels (Beispiel: Koalitionsdisziplin) soll Zusammenhänge erkennbar machen, sondern die Übersicht über das gesamte Themenfeld (Parlament) soll quasi als Landkarte zur Orientierung dienen.
Unsere Demokratie und ihre Verfassung
Authors: Lammert Norbert
Published: March 2020

Es gehört zu den erstaunlichen Erfahrungen dieses Landes, dass das 1949 entwickelte Grundgesetz eine Überzeugungskraft entwickelt hat, in deren Rahmen schließlich auch die deutsche Teilung überwunden werden konnte. Dass dies die freiheitlichste Verfassung ist, die dieses Land je hatte, ist hinreichend oft vorgetragen worden. Aber nicht ganz so häufig wird darauf hingewiesen, dass dieses Grundgesetz inzwischen zu den großen, demokratischen Verfassungen der Welt zählt. Dass es in vielen jungen Demokratien als Referenzmodell herangezogen wird, mit der rührenden, beinahe treuherzigen Erwartung, man könne dieses Erfolgsmodell kopieren oder transferieren, um damit eine ähnlich stabile Grundlage für eine hoffentlich ähnlich stabile Demokratie zu gewinnen. Vielleicht ist das größte Überlebensrisiko einer vermeintlich stabilen Demokratie die Großzügigkeit, dass sie ihren Bürgern ermöglicht, sich zu beteiligen, aber niemand dazu verpflichtet. Das ist aber unser Land, unsere Demokratie; dafür sind wir und nur wir verantwortlich – wir, das heißt jeder Einzelne von uns.
Sanktionen im Sozialrecht (Hartz IV). Das Bundesverfassungsgericht erinnert den Gesetzgeber an die Menschenwürde
Authors: Adamski Heiner
Published: March 2020

Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat im November 2019 ein Grundsatzurteil zu einem sozialpolitisch und parteipolitisch konfliktträchtigen Problem in der deutschen Gesellschaft verkündet. Das Urteil ist im Zusammenhang der sog. Agenda 2010 zu sehen. Diese Agenda ist ein Konzept zur Reform des Sozialsystems und des Arbeitsmarktes mit tiefen sozialen Einschnitten (Verschlechterungen). Sie wurde angesichts stagnierender wirtschaftlicher Entwicklungen von 2003 bis 2005 von der aus SPD und Bündnis 90/Die Grünen gebildeten Bundesregierung (dem zweiten Kabinett Schröder) auf der Grundlage der Mehrheiten in den gesetzgebenden Körperschaften Bundestag und Bundesrat umgesetzt. Ein Teil der Agenda ist das System Hartz IV. Dieser Begriff /– Hartz IV – hat Eingang gefunden in die Umgangssprache. Hartz IV wird mittlerweile als eine politische Hinterlassenschaft des SPD-Kanzlers Schröder gesehen und parteiintern zunehmend kritisch beurteilt. In Teilen der Sozialwissenschaften und in der Armutsforschung (hier besonders von Butterwegge) wird Hartz IV als Weg in die Armut gesehen. In dem Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts geht es u.a. um Sanktionen: um die verfassungsrechtliche Zulässigkeit und die Grenzen der Kürzungen sozialer Leistungen. Das Urteil wird hier nach einigen erläuternden Hinweisen vorgestellt.
„Pia – eine Schülerin geht streiken für das Klima“. Eine Fallstudie zu Partizipationsmöglichkeiten in der Demokratie
Authors: Schmiedl Oliver , Meya Lukas Paul
Published: March 2020

Die Protestbewegung Fridays for Future, die sich seit dem Jahr 2018 ausgehend von den Klimstreiks der Schwedin Greta Thunberg weltweit entwickelte und etablierte, stellt die repräsentativen Demokratien vor eine Bewährungsprobe und regt zum Nachdenken über die Möglichkeiten der politischen Partizipation an. Die vorliegende Fallstudie wagt den Versuch, dieses kontroverse Thema in den Unterricht zu rücken, dabei aber weniger die Diskussionen über den Klimawandel (policy-Ebene) zu fokussieren, sondern nach juristischen und demokratietheoretischen Aspekten (polity- und politics-Ebene) der Partizipationsformen von Fridays for Future zu fragen.
Die wachsende Kluft von Arm und Reich als Gefahr für die Republik
Authors: Schäfers Bernhard
Published: March 2020

Das umfangreiche Werk ist zugleich eine sozialstrukturell basierte Gesellschaftsanalyse und Gesellschaftsgeschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, mit dem Hauptaugenmerk auf die nach seiner Auffassung das Staats- und Gesellschaftssystem mehr und mehr gefährdende soziale Ungleichheit und wachsende Armut.
“Some Reckoning of Gains Is Made”: Theories of Assessment in Alberta’s Child-Centred Curricula, 1936–1950
Authors: Rempel James , Von Heyking Amy
Published: March 2020

Historians have suggested that Alberta’s child-centred curriculum known as the “Enterprise curriculum,” which was introduced in 1936, was not fully implemented because teachers struggled with assessment of students’ learning. This historical case study reveals that the program included a theory of assessment consisting of four major principles, consistent with a child-centred vision of curriculum and pedagogy. Moreover, it directed teachers towards resources and strategies that might have assisted them in shifting their assessment practices. In 1943, the Department of Education began to compromise this vision, resulting in revisions to the program that defined a role for traditional testing and grading practices within a pedagogically progressive paradigm. RésuméLes historiens ont postulé que le programme d’étude albertain centré sur l’enfant introduit en 1936 et connu sous le nom de « Enterprise curriculum » n’a pas été entièrement mis en œuvre parce que les enseignants ont eu du mal à évaluer l’apprentissage des élèves. La présente étude de cas révèle que le programme comprenait une théorie d’évaluation reposant sur quatre grands principes en accord avec une pédagogie et une approche centrée sur l’enfant. De plus, cette théorie a orienté les enseignants vers des ressources et des stratégies susceptibles de les aider à changer leurs pratiques d’évaluation. En 1943, le département de l’Éducation a toutefois commencé à compromettre cette approche, ce qui a ouvert la porte à des pratiques traditionnelles d’évaluation et de classement dans un paradigme pédagogique progressif.
Overview of the ukrainian pharmaceuitical market of medications for periodontal diseases treatment in order to obtain a new dental product
Authors: Borisyuk I. Y. , Unhurian L. M. , Fizor N. S. , Bielyaieva O. I. , Zamkovaya А. V.
Published: March 2020

Oral diseases occupy the leading position among common disorders. The etiological factors of the inflammatory processes of the oral cavity can be some general disturbances of the body. Today, the topical medications are important component of the treatment and prophylactic measures of range of pathological conditions in dental practice. Among this type of medicines widely used herbal preparations, which are known for their broad spectrum of activity.

The aim of the research was to scrutiny the treatment methods for OD, to study the topical medications assortment of the pharmaceutical market of used in pharmacotherapy of OD with a view to further developing the dosage form and determining the feasibility of its use in the apitherapy of OD and the possibility of occupying it with certain market niche.

The data from official information sources, in particular, the List of registered drugs approved for use in Ukraine as of 01. 01. 2019 were used as the objects of study. Market analysis was carried out using the ATC classification system (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) taking into consideration international non-patented and trade names, dosage forms, country of manufacture. Statistical, graphic, logical and marketing studies were conducted during the work.

Information was used to determine the assortment of the modern pharmaceutical market of drugs that can be used in pharmacotherapy of OD, was the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 566 dated 11. 23. 2004. «On approval of protocols for the provision of medical care in the fields of "orthopedic dentistry", "therapeutic dentistry", "surgical dentistry", "orthodontics", "pediatric therapeutic dentistry" and "pediatric surgical dentistry"». According to the official website of the SEC of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as of 01. 01. 2019, 76 drugs were registered as the A01A group and 59 drugs under trade names. According to the АТС classification system major topical medications belong to group A01A. The share of domestic drugs prevails over foreign ones and amounts to 60.5%.

Attention was drawn to the limited range of drugs from beekeeping products, whose share is only 6.6%. It has been found that the production of original propolis-based drugs at pharmaceutical enterprises of Ukraine with a sufficient raw material base is topical issue of pharmacy.
RECONFIGURATION OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS FOR LOSS REDUCTION USING A GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Ho Loc Dac
Published: March 2020

A distribution system is one of the most important parts of power systems which show a connection between power plants and loads. Each connection has an economic affection in transferring power from sources to loads. Power companies expect to find out an optimal configuration with great benefits which is the lowest power loss. This paper proposes an application of a genetic algorithm for finding out an optimal configuration which has the lowest power loss with constrains such as: unisolated loads, limited powers in lines and transformers and lowest voltage drops. The effectiveness of the proposal is confirmed through simulation results on power systems [3] as well as comparisons with other results of [1], [3], [6], [8]
INVESTIGATION OF SENSITIVITY AND SELECTIVITY OF MWCNT–BASED SENSOR FOR AMMONIAC GAS DETECTION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
Authors: Nguyen Lich Quang , Nguyen Tu Cong , Ly Anh Tuan , Tran Thanh Phuc , Phan Pho Quoc , Nguyen Lam Huu
Published: March 2020

Gas sensors based on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) for detecting gaseous molecules of ammoniac (NH3) were developed and investigated. MWCNT film was grown directly by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on Pt electrodes to fabricate sensor device. The CNT based – gas sensor is shown sensitively and selectively to NH3 gas at room temperature.
STUDY ON HALF-WIDTH AND MAXIMUM X-RAY INTENSITY OF DIFFRACTION LINE OF COLD-ROLLED AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL AS A FUNCTION OF ARIMUTH ANGLE ψ
Authors: Le Cuong Chi
Published: March 2020

This research studies on the maximum x-ray counts and half-width of the x-ray diffraction line of textured austenitic stainless steel. The experimental stress-independent direction almost agrees with the theoretical value, determined from the Voigt, Reuss and Kroner models. The result of loading test for two perpendicular SUS316L austenitic stainless steel specimens shows that the broadness and maximum intensity of diffraction line in the rolling direction respectively get the lowest and highest values around the stress-independent direction. In the traverse direction, the broadness and maximum intensity of diffraction line vary slightly as in the case of the isotropic materials.
STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL FROM UNSATURATED POLYESTER AND POLY (ETHYLENE OXIDE) – MODIFIED CLAY
Authors: Tran Thanh Duy , Nguyen Ngan Thi Kim , Nguyen Mao Dang , Dang Tai Tan
Published: March 2020

In recent years, polymer clay nanocomposites are attracting considerable interests in polymers science because of many advantages. There are many scientists having researched about this kind of material and demonstrated that when matrix polymer is added little weight of clay, properties of material is enhanced considerably. Because clay is a hydrophilic substance so it is difficult to use as filler in matrix polymer having hydrophobic nature, so clay needs to be modified to become more hydrophobic. In this study, Poly (Ethylene Oxide) was used as a new modifier for clay to replace some traditional ionic surfactants such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary alkyl ammonium or alkylphosphonium cations having disadvantages: disintegrate at high temperature, catalyze polymer degradation, and make nano-products colorific…. In order to evaluate modifying effect of Poly (Ethylene Oxide), modified clay products were characterized by X-ray spectrum. And then organoclay was used to prepare nanocomposite based on Unsaturated Polyester. Morphology and properties of nanocomposites were measured by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, tensile strength and thermal property. The results show that clay galleries changed to intercalated or exfoliated state in the nanocomposites. Properties of nanocomposites were (significantly improved) improved a lots when the loading of the organoclay was used at 1phr.
A Tisza növekvő árvízszintjeinek hidrológiai vonatkozásai
Authors: Tóth Péter
Published: March 2020

Az elmúlt évtizedekben lezajlott tiszai árvizek esetében megfigyelhető, hogy több esetben rekord-vízállásértékeket vettek fel, amely okainak vizsgálata elengedhetetlen a vízügyi szakemberek számára. A szerző kísérletet tesz a Tisza folyón növekvő árvízszintek hidrológiai vonatkozásainak bemutatására, kitér arra, hogy a természetes és az emberi beavatkozások hatására lezajló folyamatok hogyan hatnak egy ilyen komplex rendszerre. Jelen publikáció a hazai természetföldrajzi okokon túl megvizsgálja azt, hogy a klímaváltozás hatásai és az árvízszintek növekedése között lehet-e kapcsolat, illetve ismerteti az országos stratégiai terveket, amelyek megoldást jelenthetnek a növekvő árvízszintek okozta problémákra.
Aknák, aknamezők felderítési lehetőségei
Authors: Szatai Zsolt József
Published: March 2020

A tanulmányban az aknák és aknamezők általános ismertetésén túl bemutatom az azok felderítéséhez alkalmazott módszereket és technikai eszközöket. Mindezek felhasználási területe rendkívül széles körű. Az alkalmazott módszerek kiválasztása a rendelkezésre álló személyi állományon és technikai eszközökön túlmenően függ a kialakult helyzettől, a rendelkezésre álló időtől és a terep milyenségétől. Az aknafelderítés az egyik legveszélyesebb tevékenység. Végrehajtása kiemelten fontos a katonai műveletek eredményes végrehajtása, illetve azok befejezése után a polgári lakosság biztonságának megteremtése érdekében.