bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wetting Behaviour of Gold Electrode and Molten Alkali Chlorides
Authors: Stepanov Victor P.
Published: January 2019

The potential dependence of the contact angle between a gold electrode and lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and caesium chloride melts was studied using the meniscus weight method to establish the patterns of wettability of solid surfaces by ionic melts when changing the composition of the salt phase and the jump of the electric potential. It is found that the forms of the contact angle versus the potential curve of Au change from a convex to a camel-like shape with two maxima upon replacing the lithium chloride with the caesium chloride melt. This phenomenon is explained by the assumption that the adsorption of the halide anions at the positively charged electrode surface has a chemical rather than electrostatic character. The adsorption process is accompanied by a charge transfer through the interface and the formation of covalent bonds between the adsorbent and adsorbate.
Suggestions for Professional Mixed Martial Arts Training With Pacing Strategy and Technical-Tactical Actions by Rounds
Authors: Antoniettô Naiara Ribeiro , Bello Fabio Dal , Carrenho Queiroz Andreia C. , Berbert de Carvalho Pedro H. , Brito Ciro J. , Amtmann John , Miarka Bianca
Published: January 2019

Antoniettô, NR, Bello, FD, Carrenho Queiroz, AC, Berbert de Carvalho, PH, Brito, CJ, Amtmann, J, and Miarka, B. Suggestions for professional mixed martial arts training with pacing strategy and technical-tactical actions by rounds. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2019—This study compared the pacing strategy and motor actions used in mixed martial arts combats ending by knockout/technical knockout (KO/TKO) or submission. All of the sample bouts ended in KO/TKO and consisted of 1,564 rounds of 678 bouts. The bouts were separated by round (R) of bouts ending (ER) in the first round (n = 192), first (1R × 2ER) and second (2R × 2ER) of bouts ending in the second round (n = 172), and first (1R × 3ER), second (2R × 3ER), and third (3R × 3ER) of bouts ending in the third round (n = 1,200). The analyses were performed according to the duration (∆) in each phase: ∆ standing preparatory activity time, ∆ standing combat activity time, ∆ ground preparatory activity time, and ∆ ground combat activity time and their technical-tactical actions (attempted and landed strikes to the head, body and leg, takedowns, and submissions). The main results demonstrated a shorter ∆ standing preparatory activity time in 1R × 1ER (95.6 ± 62.9 seconds) and 2R × 2ER (93.6 ± 67.9 seconds) vs. 2R × 3ER (160.5 ± 87.4 seconds) and 3R × 3ER (144.0 ± 88.5 seconds) with fewer strikes attempted and landed to the head, body, and legs (p ≤ 0.05). No differences were observed (p > 0.05) between ∆ standing combat activity time, but lower attempted and landed takedowns and strikes to the head, body, and leg frequencies. There were shorter ∆ ground combat activity time (p ≤ 0.05) in 1R × 1ER (23.4 ± 45.5) and 2R × 2ER (25.3 ± 41.9) vs. 2R × 3ER (50.4 ± 69.9) and 3R × 3ER (52.9 ± 74.2), with lower attempted submissions, chokes, and attempted and landed strikes to the head, body, and leg frequencies observed. These results contribute to the information developed from current research to help improve the quality of training and promote effective athletic preparation related to pacing strategy and performance models.
La participación del extraneus en el delito de prevaricación administrativa: principales problemas y propuestas para su solución
Authors: Casas Hervilla Jordi
Published: January 2019

Resumen: La actual configuración del elemento subjetivo en el delito de prevaricación administrativa, unida a su caracterización como delito especial propio, han venido generando importantes dificultades en el tratamiento punitivo de quienes de un modo deliberado han conducido a error a quienes gozan de la facultad para dictar resoluciones administrativas, provocando el dictado de resoluciones abiertamente contrarias a la legalidad.
Study of new formations of C-S-H in manufactured with glass powder as binder mortar
Authors: García del Toro Eva María , Más López María Isabel
Published: January 2019

Mortar and paste with different composition were analyzed with X-ray diffraction and dispersive energy spectrometry (EDS) with coupled Electronic Scanning Microscope (SEM) to study the formation that appear after the setting reaction in the mortar made by using glass powder, with a size of 16μ, as binder. Such analysis shows the occurrence of formations similar to C-S-H gels, but in which, the Ca/Si ratio is lower than for typical C-S-H gels. In addition it was observed that the shape of the gels is slightly different when the samples are preserved in water. These more filamentous formations and the presence of a larger number of Si molecules causes the setting reaction to be maintained for a longer period of time and provide a certain capacity for self-regeneration without external intervention, which makes it suitable for soil stabilization.
Az eleséstől való félelem otthon élő idősek körében
Authors: Kovács Éva , Erdős Réka Laura , Petridisz Anna Niké , Rozs Franciska , Simon András
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Due to fear of falling, older people may restrict their activities, causing muscle weakness and impaired balance and, consequently, admission to an institute. Accordingly, fear of falling is a common and serious health problem among older individuals. The prevalence of the fear of falling and its associated factors as well as possible preventive and therapeutic methods have been widely investigated in geriatrics. Aim: The aim of our study was to describe the prevalence of the fear of falling and its associations with demographic (age, gender) and health factors (age-related chronic diseases, functional mobility, falling in the previous year, medications) among community-living older adults. Method: Two-hundred individuals participated in the study. The fear of falling was diagnosed based on the cut-off value of the short Falls Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations. In total, 61 participants were diagnosed with fear of falling. Results: In our sample, the fear of falling was associated with age, the number of diseases and functional mobility. Conclusion: The short FES-I is simple, easy to fill-out and has a validated Hungarian version as well. By its use, people of higher age affected by multiple chronic illnesses are primarily worth of screening in order to identify those who are in need for further more detailed examinations and, if needed, more targeted interventions. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(5): 191–197.
A tiopurinkezelés súlyos mellékhatásainak gyakorisága normális tiopurin-S-metiltranszferáz-genotípusú gyulladásos bélbetegségben szenvedő gyermekekben
Authors: Tárnok András
Published: January 2019

Abstract:

Introduction: Genetic polymorphism of thiopurine S-methyltransferase, the key enzyme in metabolism of thiopurines (azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine) used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, results in different enzyme activities. Decreased enzyme activity causes myelosuppression whereas abnormally high activity results in hepatotoxicity at standard thiopurine doses. Four allele variants (TMPT*2, TMPT*3A, TPMT*3B and TPMT*3C) account for decreased activity in more than 95% of cases. Aim: To evaluate the frequency of severe side effects, such as myelosuppression and hepatotoxicity, at standard or decreased azathioprine doses in children with inflammatory bowel disease who do not exhibit any of the four most common variant alleles. Method: Retrospective analysis of children with inflammatory bowel disease treated with azathioprine at a single tertiary referral center. Results: 51 patients were identified (44: Crohn’s disease, 7: ulcerative colitis; male ratio: 28/51; mean age at diagnosis: 12.4 years). Two patients discontinued azathioprine arbitrarily whereas in one patient it was stopped due to serious pancreatitis and in another one because of severe flu-like symptoms. None of the remaining 47 patients exhibited hepatotoxicity suggesting abnormally high thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity. Four patients (8.5%) had profound myelosuppression on less than 1 mg/kg/day azathioprine requiring discontinuation of the drug, and all of them showed complete bone marrow recovery subsequently. No myelosuppression occurred in the remaining 43 patients on 2.17 ± 0.31 mg/kg/day (mean ± SD) azathioprine treatment. Conclusions: Regular blood tests are necessary on thiopurine therapy despite normal thiopurine S-methyltransferase genotype because of the risk of myelosuppression. The four most common variant alleles were identified in routine genotyping only, therefore most likely rare variant allele(s) or polymorphism of other enzymes involved in thiopurine metabolism account for the aforementioned four cases with profound bone marrow suppression. Thiopurine metabolite monitoring is the key for individualized treatment when optimal dosing can be achieved with the least side effects. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(5): 179–185.
Collective Action, Mutual Aid, and Wetland Agriculture in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea
Authors: Denham Tim
Published: January 2019

Much archaeological and historical theory of societal development characterises societies that are reliant on hydraulic agro-ecosystems as maintaining high levels of socio-political control and centralisation (Wittfogel 1957). In the highlands of Papua New Guinea, large-scale and extensive wetland agricultural practices date from several thousand years ago up to the present. These extensive drainage networks are the product of collective, community-based action and are co-ordinated by the persuasive influence of relatively weak and egalitarian political leaders, big-men (Strathern 1971). Here the New Guinea evidence is used to critique evolutionary models of societal development and associated concepts of human nature to develop a mutualistic perspective on the past. These ideas are pertinent to contemporary highland societies, many of which aggressively maintain their independence from each other and the Papua New Guinea state. Their agricultural history continues as a living tradition into the present.
Beyond the Property Paradigm
Authors: Pacifico David
Published: January 2019

Popular, legal, and academic relationships to archaeology are founded upon a property-based model of heritage which threatens to produce unsustainable consequences for heritage sites and stakeholders. The interrelations between the material culture of heritage, the scientific practice of archaeology, and the political economies of tourism and education are explored here in order to analyze the consequences of heritage development. In contrast to a property model of heritage, an ‘anarchistic’ model is proposed for handling heritage. Such a model implies that no individual or collectivity can own archaeological sites, information about those sites, or the material resources generated by tourism or research at heritage sites. Finally, sincere questions are raised about the ethics of intellectual property, heritage management, and the tourism and academic industries within both traditional and ‘anarchist’ models live.
Anarchism, Decolonization, and Collaborative Archaeology
Authors: Gonzalez-Tennant Edward
Published: January 2019

This article explores the relationship between anarchism, collaborative archaeology, and the decolonization of African diaspora heritage in the US and Caribbean. The heart of anarchism as a political theory articulates a robust criticism of hierarchy, and neatly intersects growing interests in collaborative archaeology and heritage. This represents a crucial intersection as the majority of archaeological projects remains rigidly hierarchical, often resulting in the silencing of local stakeholder communities. Anarchism's attention to identifying and addressing hierarchy represents a living theory for the decolonization of archaeological practice. The author grounds these thoughts through two case studies. The first examines the importance of situating scholarly interests alongside, or even below local community concerns as they relate to the 1923 Rosewood race riot in Levy County, Florida. The second case study examines how this approach alerts researchers to new projects revealing the unique interactions between Afro-Caribbean and British soilders in Nevis, West Indies. The author's ongoing experience with anarchism continues to transform his personal practice of archaeology. This paper concludes by highlighting anarchism's unique ability to address harmful hierarchical posturing, democratize archaeological knowledge, and support our roles as researchers, educators, and advocates.
Bullet for Señor Cobos
Authors: Jamieson Ross W.
Published: January 2019

From 1878-1904 the El Progreso Hacienda was run by Manuel J. Cobos on the island of San Cristóbal in the Galapagos. Cobos was shot by his own workers in 1904. This paper explores the relationship between anarchy, banditry, and modern firearms in this unique rural setting at the turn of the 20th century.
Digital Escapism
Authors: Stobiecka Monika
Published: January 2019

In contemporary archaeology, we can identify a clash of two apparently antagonistic "paradigms": the "(re)turn to things" and the "digital turn". The latter has had great impact on archaeological museums, traditionally focused on material objects, and in this article I analyse this in terms of a phenomenon that I call "digital escapism". Digital escapism embraces ontological and epistemological questions that stem from the digital turn in archaeology - it might denote the dismissal of artefacts as subjects of scientific interest, or a shift in focus to digital methods as a means to creating an immersive past reality. It may also relate to big data in archaeology and the attempt to (re)connect this archaeology with science by way of informatics. My analysis of the exhibition presented in Rynek Underground, a museum in Krakow, provides a case study of digital escapism within museum space.
Break in the Clouds
Authors: Pillatt Toby , Thorpe Gemma , Marwood Kimberley , Johnston Robert
Published: January 2019

This photo essay accompanies a short film, A Break in the Clouds, which explores everyday life in Mosser, a small former township on the northwest edge of the Lake District. Prompted by the historical diaries of two eighteenth-century Quaker farmers from the same area, connections were drawn between the experiences of the current farmers and those in the past. The text discusses those connections, the making of the film and how our approach was designed to democratise the research process. The images, selected by the photographer, reflect on the key themes or “spaces” that emerged during the research: home/work, land/family, landscape/weather.
Growing Concerns
Authors: Farstadvoll Stein
Published: January 2019

Plant remains have long been a source of information about the distant past in archaeology, but are undertheorized or even overlooked in the field of contemporary archaeology. This article uses the example of a derelict nineteenth-century landscape garden in a town on the northwestern coast of Norway to show how novel insights about plants can be developed which acknowledge both their past and living present, without reducing them to colonizer, universal taxonomies or proxies for a human past.
Living in My Car
Authors: Albero Santacreu Daniel J.
Published: January 2019

Young adults have traditionally used cars as a way to achieve a sense of freedom and independence. However, the interaction between young adults and cars is about more than just mobility, involving the creation of effective social spaces even in static situations. This paper focuses on such relationships from an auto-ethnographic and auto-ethnoarchaeological perspective by studying both the materiality present in young adults' cars and the practices typical of this group in this location. I discuss a case study centred on the university community in the Balearic Islands (Spain), demonstrating that young adults' use of cars is dynamic, and that they interpret them as habitable spaces by transferring certain domestic activities to their realm. In turn, cars are essential allies in the construction of young adults' social spaces and the configuration of auto-reflexive and group identities.
Adopting mixed methods for research topics in teaching Chinese as a second/foreign language
Authors: Liang Feng
Published: January 2019

Mixed methods research (MMR) is expanding across various disciplines, and some researchers in the field of teaching and learning Chinese as a foreign or second language (CFL/CSL) have tried to adopt this approach. Drawing from Plano Clark and Ivankova (2016) the socio-ecological framework of MMR, this paper synthesizes the application of MMR in CFL/CSL studies and highlights issues informative for future CFL/CSL researchers and MMR methodologists. Specifically, this paper discusses first the patterns of research questions, participants, and settings, and second the definition of MMR, the rationale for using MMR, the design of MMR, the intersection of MMR with other approaches, and the quality of meta-inferences in the included studies. It concludes that although there are a certain number of studies which use MMR to investigate CFL/CSL topics, however, many aspects in the application of MMR are still open to discussion. Future studies in CFL/CSL which use MMR should be aware of the essence of mixing two strands of methods and of the meta-inferences quality.
Effects of delaying character instruction in a Chinese as a foreign language classroom on affective outcomes
Authors: Walker Jesse , Poole Frederick
Published: January 2019

This study surveyed 58 sixth grade students in four different Chinese as a second language classrooms about their anxiety, self-efficacy and attitudes towards learning Chinese as a foreign language when taught using three different approaches: Pinyin only instruction (POI), character only instruction (COI) and character instruction with Pinyin located above the character (PCI). All participants completed a fivepoint Likert scale battery of 38 affective items and six open-ended questions. Our findings indicate that students in the POI condition reported significantly lower anxiety levels than participants in the COI condition. Our findings suggest that POI has potential benefits for learners in that it lowers anxiety while providing similar levels of motivation as COI and PCI.
Osmanlı Son Dönemi Bilginlerinde Hz. Peygamber’in Sünnetine Bağlılık Vurgusu-Manastırlı İsmail Hakkı’nın Mevâidü’l-İnʿâm Kitabı Örneğinde-
Authors: AKALIN İsa
Published: January 2019

Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetine bağlılık
vurgusu, ilk dönemlerden beri İslâm bilginlerinin üzerinde hassasiyetle
durdukları konulardan biridir. Tefsîr, hadîs, fıkıh, kelâm, tasavvuf
bilginlerinden bu konuyu müstakil kitaplarda ele alanlar bulunduğu gibi değişik
eserlerin birer bölümünde konuya dikkat çekenler de bulunmaktadır.Klasik kaynaklarda “el-iʿtisâm bi’l-kitâb
ve’s-sünne: Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e ve Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetine bağlanmak /
sarılmak” diye ifade edilen bu konuyu, Buhârî (256/870) gibi kimi hadîs
bilginleri, eserlerinde müstakil bir başlık altında ele almışken; kimi
bilginler de lüzûmu’s-sünne, 
ittibâu’s-sünne veya el-istimsâk bi’l-kitâb ve’s-sünne başlıkları
altında ve hatta müstakil kitaplarda işlemişlerdir. Söz konusu
isimlendirmelerdeki başlıklar ve içerikleriyle, Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in ve Sünnet’in
İslâm Dini ve Müslümanlar için taşıdığı anlamın ve öneminin ortaya konması
amaçlanmıştır. İslâm bilginleri, genel bir anlatımla söylenecek olursa, Hz.
Peygamber’in sünnetine bağlılığı, O’nun hayatını örnek alıp, O’nun sünnetine
uygun biçimde hayatını düzenleme olarak açıklamışlardır.Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’e ve Hz. Peygamber’in
sünnetine bağlanmak konusunun yoğunlukla ele alınmaya başlandığı tarihlerin
hicrî üçüncü / miladî dokuzuncu yüzyıllar olduğu görülmektedir. Bunun
gerekçesinin ise mevzubahis zaman dilimlerinde; 
“Asr-ı saâdet’ten sonra ortaya çıkan ve şer‘î bir delile dayanmayan
inanç, ibadet, fikir ve davranışlar” diye tarif edilen bidʿatlerin çoğalması ve
yaygınlaşmasının olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kelâm alanındaki eserleriyle öne çıkan
Manastırlı İsmail Hakkı da (ö. 1912); Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetine bağlılık
konusunu Mevâidü'l-İnʿâm adlı eserinin son bölümünde (‘hâtime’de) incelemiştir.
Manastırlı, önceleri askerî ve mülkî liselerde, daha sonraları tüm liselerde
ders kitabı olarak okutulması kararlaştırılmış olan Mevâidü'l-İnʿâm adlı
eserinin hâtimesinde; Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetine bağlılık ve O’na tabi olmanın
gereğini ve önemini âyet ve hadîsler ışığında ortaya koymuştur.
PARÂMETROS FISIOLÓGICOS E HORMÔNIO CORTISOL COMO INDICADORES DE ESTRESSE TÉRMICO EM CAPRINOS SUBMETIDOS À CÂMARA CLIMÁTICA
Authors: Miranda Jaciara Ribeiro , Furtado Dermeval Araújo , Lopes Neto José Pinheiro , Silva Valquiria Cordeiro da , Ribeiro Neila Lidiany
Published: January 2019

A exposição a temperaturas elevadas restringe a produtividade animal, tendo em vista as mudanças fisiológicas e hormonais que podem ser ocasionados pelo estresse térmico, contudo os estudos bioclimatológicos servem como ferramenta fundamental para avaliar os efeitos climáticos sobre o comportamento fisiológico dos animais, contribuindo desta forma com a seleção de animais mais adaptados às condições climáticas do semiárido. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os efeitos das diferentes temperaturas (25,7; 29,4 e 33,4 ºC) em câmara climática nas respostas dos gradientes térmicos, do hormônio cortisol e dos pontos das temperaturas superficiais médias em caprinos mestiços da raça Boer, utilizando-se seis caprinos ¾Boer + ¼SRD, com peso médio de 25+ kg. Foram estimados os gradientes térmicos TS-TA (Temperatura Superficial - Temperatura Ambiental), TR-TS (Temperatura Retal - Temperatura Superficial) e TR-TA (Temperatura Retal - Temperatura Ambiental), coletou-se amostras de sangue para avaliação e quantificação das concentrações plasmáticas de cortisol pelo método Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorlent Assay (ELISA) e calculadas as temperaturas superficiais com base em diferentes metodologias. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e seis repetições; os dados foram analisados por meio do SAS pela aplicação dos procedimentos GLM e Teste de Tukey (T <0,05) para as variáveis significativas. Contudo conclui-se que os gradientes térmicos TS-TA TR-TS e TR-TA decresceram à medida que a temperatura elevou-se, pela dificuldade de perda do calor sensível e latente ocasionada pela elevação da temperatura. Observa-se também que não houve alteração no nível de cortisol significativa estatisticamente, assim como não há influência da quantidade de pontos na análise da temperatura superficial média (TSM) de caprinos podendo ser realizada satisfatoriamente por meio da coleta de somente três pontos. Palavras-chave: ambiência, fisiologia, termorregulação.
Feasibility and accuracy of a voxel-based neuronavigation system with 3D image rendering in preoperative planning and as a learning tool for young neurosurgeons, exemplified by the anatomical localization of the superior sagittal sinus
Authors: Feigl Guenther C. , Thaher Firas , Danz Sören , Tatagiba Marcos , Hickmann Anne K. , Fahrig Antje , Velnar Tomaz , Kullmann Marcel
Published: January 2019

It is essential for a neurosurgeon to know individual anatomy and the corresponding anatomical landmarks before starting a surgery. Continuous training, especially of young neurosurgeons, is crucial for understanding complex neuroanatomy. In this study, we used a neuronavigation system with 3D volumetric image rendering to determine the anatomical relationship between the sagittal suture and the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) in patients with intracranial lesions. Furthermore, we discussed the applicability of such system in preoperative planning, residency training, and research. The study included 30 adult patients (18 female/12 male) who underwent a cranial computed tomography (CT) scan combined with venous angiography, for preoperative planning. The position of the sagittal suture in relation to the SSS was assessed in 3D CT images using an image guidance system (IGS) with 3D volumetric image rendering. Measurements were performed along the course of the sagittal sinus at the bregma, lambda, and in the middle between these two points. The SSS deviated to the right side of the sagittal suture in 50% of cases at the bregma, and in 46.7% at the midpoint and lambda. The SSS was displaced to the left of the sagittal suture in 10% of cases at the bregma and lambda and in 13% at the midpoint. IGSs with 3D volumetric image rendering enable simultaneous visualization of bony surfaces, soft tissue and vascular structures and interactive modulation of tissue transparency. They can be used in preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance to validate external landmarks and to determine anatomical relationships. In addition, 3D IGSs can be utilized for training of surgical residents and for research in anatomy.
Design, Construction and Implementation of Low Cost Photovoltaic Water Pumping System for Agricultural Irrigatin
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Ahmet , GÜRE Bayram
Published: January 2019

In this study, design, manufacturing and
installation of a new agricultural irrigation system with a 2.2 kW photovoltaic
(PV) panel, which has a lower volume and lower cost in terms of size and cost,
was carried out within the boundaries of Batman province that has a long
sunshine duration. Through making winding and connection changes on a 380v-star
connected asynchronous submersible motor with 2.2 kW power, which operates
compatibly with HSPL/H2200H model inverter, the HSPL/H2200L model inverter was
brought in compliance with the delta having 220v between its phases and having
output voltage. Dimension analysis of a photovoltaic system that was
independent of the grid and where this new voltage level would be obtained was
performed and the operation of rewinding the motor and changing the connection
shape was explained. The real-time current, voltage and power data obtained
after the installation are presented in tables and graphs. The advantages of
this low-cost new irrigation system over the existing irrigation systems with
similar power are explained in detail through the size and cost analyses.
THE AFTERWORLD IMAGE OF THE CLASSIC MAYA ON THE EPIGRAPHS FROM THE ‘TEMPLE OF THE INSCRIPTIONS’ IN PALENQUE, CHIAPAS, MEXICO
Authors: Talakh V.
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the interpretation problems of the figures and the translation of the epigraphs from the Classic Maya language, that had been found in the Temple of the Inscriptions – the funerary monument for K'inich Janaab' Pakal, the ruler of Palenque in VII century. The author made a translation of the inscriptions from Maya language into Ukrainian. The indicated images and inscriptions convey the idea of the eternal posthumous life of the ruler with the gods and ancestors. This interpretation is in contradiction with typical representations of the classical Maya on the degeneration of the dead, since the inscriptions in the Temple of the Inscriptions are unique and similar are not found on other monuments. The author supposed, that during the reign of K'inich Janaab' Pakal there had been a religious reform, which was reflected in the change of representations of the afterlife being by the Maya people in Classic period.
Characteristics of Stop and Go Wave in One Dimensional Interrupted Pedestrian Flow Through Narrow Channel
Authors: Gayathri H. , Gulhare Siddhartha , Verma Ashish
Published: January 2019

Pedestrian microscopic simulation models can aid crowd management only if they can reproduce the crowd behavior correctly. To calibrate and validate the model, it is important to understand crowd movement during various activities involved in mass gathering events. A common practice in such gathering is to hold attendees in waiting area in near corridors separated by crowd barriers before the event and allow entering the event only after a designated time. The crowd is released in small batches to avoid overcrowding inside. Long waiting hours, anger, excitement, competitive feeling etc. can make crowd aggressive during such entries. Crowd flow characteristics due to such behavior is difficult to recreate in pedestrian experimental studies in laboratory setting. This paper studied interrupted flow of such crowd through a narrow corridors made of strong railing channel inside a temple. Interrupted flow lead to formation of one dimensional stop and go waves. These stop and go waves were studied from the trajectory data. The average speed of waves propagating over longer distance were also estimated. The quantitative output from this study can be used to calibrate and validate simulation models of such activity during mass gathering events.
Haber Tartışma Programlarının Bir Türü Olarak Haber Mahkemeleri Programlarının Analizi: Atv, Tv8, Star Tv Örneği
Authors: KAZAZ Mete , BAYAR Seher
Published: January 2019

Geleneksel
kitle iletişim araçlarından olan televizyon, haber verme işlevini geçmişten
günümüze en etkin şekilde kullanmaktadır. İnsanların uzağında veya yakınında
olup biten her olayı öğrenmek istemesi, haberin ve haber programlarının şekil
değiştirmesine neden olmuştur. Dönüşüm geçiren haber ve haber programları
içerisinde son yıllarda gündüz kuşağında yer alan haber mahkemeleri niteliğindeki
haber-tartışma program türünün artmasına ve bu programların içeriğinin sorgulanmasına
neden olmaktadır.

Bu
makale, “Haber Tartışma Programlarının Bir Türü Olarak Haber Mahkemeleri Programlarının
Analizi”ni içermektedir. Haber kavramı ve televizyon haberciliğine değindikten
sonra, Türkiye’de haber-tartışma program türünü araştıran çalışmalara yer
verilmektedir. Bu bilgiler ışığında araştırmada ATV, STAR TV ve TV8’de yer alan
Haber Mahkemeleri niteliğindeki programlar irdelenmektedir. Programlarda yer
alan güncel konular, konuya yönelik tutumlar, adli olay durumu, telefonla
katılım gibi ana başlıklar içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenerek Türkiye’de
yayınlanan haber-tartışma program türü hakkında bir çerçeve çizilmeye
çalışılmaktadır.
A PROBLEM WITH NONLOCAL DISPLACEMENT FOR FRACTIONAL DIFFUSION EQUATION
Authors: Losanova F. M.
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we construct a solution of the inner-boundary problem with a nonlocal shift for the fractional diffusion equation in a rectangular region.
PHAPL WEB APPLICATION FOR AUTOMATIC BUILDING AND RESEARCH OF PHASE PORTRAITS ON PLANE
Authors: Cherepanov A. A.
Published: January 2019

The article aims to document PhaPl thats a teaching web application to plot and research phase portraits of autonomous systems of 2 differential equations on a plane. The web application is very different compared with previously known programs: it has very easy graphical user interface and it gives clarity because it demonstrates all steps of solution. To get the full solution, it is enough to just enter a system to research. Initial conditions to plot phase trajectories are chosen automatically. Graphical representation of the phase plane is interactive. The web application is based on popular Free Software (SymPy, PyPy.js, MathJax, LZMA-JS). The web application is portable and works in web browsers that support JavaScript and canvas element of HTML5. The web application can be downloaded and used offline without connection to the Internet. The article describes advantages, disadvantages and peculiar properties of the web application. The software is deployed inPlekhanovRussianUniversityof Economics since 2018.
GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT «LEGITIMATE INTERESTS OF THE TAXPAYER»
Authors: Yadrikhinskiy S. A.
Published: January 2019

The subject of the study is the origin of the term legitimate interests of the taxpayer in the domestic legislation on taxes and fees. Despite its importance for the theory and practice of tax law, this concept is not disclosed normatively, the law enforcement ofﬁcer is not explained what sets the corresponding task for science. The author on the basis of retrospective and semantic-legal analysis systematizes the knowledge that allows to determine the process of emergence and development of the concept of legal interests of the taxpayer and its implementation in the normative fabric. The conclusion is made about the small age and therefore underdevelopment of the category of the taxpayers legitimate interests. The reasons for the late appearance of this concept in the text of the tax law are revealed. The necessity of ofﬁcial determination of its meaning by the Supreme judicial bodies (the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation) is indicated. This will help, in the authors opinion, to understand the content of this term and to realize its human rights potential in practice. The authors deﬁnition of the concept of legitimate interests of the taxpayer is proposed.
HISTORY OF EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF COPYRIGHT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Polyanskaya E. M. , Kadovbenko V. D.
Published: January 2019

The article discusses the history of the origin and development of copyright in the Russian Federation and in foreign countries: the United States, Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Belgium. International legal acts in the ﬁeld of copyright protection are analyzed. The author compares the periods of formation and development of the Institute of copyright in different countries, highlights the features inherent in each country in the ﬁeld of copyright protection. The main provisions and principles of international conventions are studied in detail. In the study of the formation of the Institute of copyright in Russia, considered legal acts of the pre-revolutionary Russia since 1828, such as Regulations on the rights of Writers and other documents, including legal acts of the Soviet Union. Attention is paid to the current state of legislation on copyright protection in the Russian Federation. The problems of copyright protection on the Internet are also touched upon. This issue is relevant, because every year the number of violations of copyright and other rights holders on the Internet. On the basis of the study, the authors conclude that in order to fully protect the rights of creators of works, the Institute of copyright should be further reformed, guided by the norms of international law.
CONTRADICTORY JUDICIAL ACTS IN THE ARBITRATION PROCESS: PROBLEMS OF QUALIFICATION
Authors: Popova N. I.
Published: January 2019

The procedural law uses the term confl icting judicial acts (Article 130 of the APC of the Russian Federation) in order to counteract the adoption of decisions by various arbitration courts that would compete with each other.However, this concept is not disclosed by law, in this connection, should be developed signs and criteria of acts in respect of which it would be possible to establish their contradictory nature. The qualiﬁcation acts as contradictory involves an appeal to reasons for the adoption of competing solutions. Also, conﬂicting judicial acts are considered by the law through the prism of overcoming the risk of their adoption. The author analyzes the content and stages of the corresponding risk. Signiﬁcant features of the qualiﬁcation of judicial acts as contradicting each other are the interrelated nature of the cases, the time period of the existence of acts, the unevenness in the consideration of related cases. The author qualiﬁes a sign of inconsistency of judicial acts as an external, formal sign, because even the corresponding judicial acts do not mean the acts are legal and justiﬁed.
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW BASES OF PROVIDING OF EQUALITY IN PURCHASING ACTIVITY
Authors: Akopyan A. P.
Published: January 2019

In this article problems of ensuring equality among participants of purchasing activity through the analysis of the operating principles underlain in the legislation on contract system are considered. Law-enforcement and administrative practice of the Samara Region when carrying out the largest purchases is analysed. Need of sharing of positive practice of standardization and a tipologization of the regional catalog of goods, works, services of the Samara Region is revealed and proved. Characteristics of law-enforcement practice on the example of mistakes by drawing up the ﬁrst and second parts of applications for purchase are allocated and described and also versions of their solution are proposed. Such look will be interesting to experts who directly form procurement documentation. On the basis of the conducted research the author offers ﬁlling the gaps in the legislation and applications of uniform approach in interpretation of the legislation in the sphere of purchases by law enforcement ofﬁcials, regulatory and judicial authorities.
CONCEPT OF ADMISSIBILITY AND LIMITS OF RESTRICTIONS OF HUMAN AND CITIZEN’S RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS AS THE BASIS OF A TWO-LEVEL SYSTEM FOR REGULATING OF RESPONSIBILITY OF MEMBERS OF POLITICAL PARTIES
Authors: Mamedova V. E.
Published: January 2019

The article deals with a topical question of law and party regulation of inner-party responsibility. The aim of the article is to develop a theoretical concept of two-level regulation of inner-party responsibility. The author`s concept is based on clause 3 of Article 55 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The article gives a detailed analysis of modern concepts of restriction of rights and freedoms. It generalizes the enforcement practice of clause 3 of Article 55 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation by supreme juridical institutions. It also describes in short the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. Theoretical conceptions and enforcement practice are the basis of authors concept of regulation of inner-party responsibility, which includes two parts. The ﬁrst part is aimed to ﬁnd out grounds of admissibility of state intervention into party relations (criteria of validity and necessity). The second part is aimed to ﬁnd out limits of state intervention (minimum security criteria and preservation of the essence of law criteria).
SUBJECT OF BRIBERY UNDER THE MODERN CRIMINAL LAW OF RUSSIA
Authors: Elekina S. V.
Published: January 2019

The article analyzes the legal construction of the subject of bribery (article 290291 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), focuses on the content of this objective evidence of the crime; justiﬁes the provision on the expediency of determining the concept of the subject of bribery, taking into account the corresponding provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation; discloses the content of ﬁve varieties of the subject of bribery (money, securities, other property, illegal provision of property services, the provision of other property you-year); such peculiarities of the subject of bribery as its property character, the illegality of giving and receiving, as well as the incompetence and the addressee of bribes are investigated, the authors deﬁnition of the subject of bribe-taking as an illegal property beneﬁt in the form of money, securities, other property or in the form of illegal provision of services of property character, granting of other property rights, which is granted to the ofﬁcial, foreign ofﬁcial and public ofﬁcial of the international (including when a bribe is transferred to another physical or legal person upon the instructions of a debtor) for the commission of actions (inaction) in favor of the bribe-taker or the persons represented by him if such actions (inaction) are part of the ofﬁcial duties of a duty ofﬁcer or if, by virtue of his ofﬁcial position, he can contribute to the speciﬁed actions (inaction), as well as for general patronage or connivance in the service or for the commission of illegal actions (inaction) by an ofﬁcial.
FIGHTING CORRUPTION AS A WAY TO ENSURE THE EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF CITIZENS
Authors: Varfolomeeva N. P.
Published: January 2019

This article proposes to get acquainted with a wide range of issues on the substance of corruption, the organization of an effective system of combating corruption in Russia, to analyze ways of combating corruption in public administration. In order to update the materials, the latest data from studies conducted by international specialized organizations and Russian expert communities are presented. The materials presented to the reader will help to form an idea of the nature of corruption, the legal and social content and forms of corruption, the modern policy of state in the ﬁeld of combating corruption. The article also provides an overview of the latest studies of country studies, which allows to form a new knowledge of the high degree of relevance and diversity of the problems of combating corruption in most modern countries.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 41 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CONCERNING RENDERING MEDICAL SERVICE
Authors: Kupryakhin V. А. , Shvetsova Е. А.
Published: January 2019

The implementation of the constitutional rights of citizens declared by Article 41, rests on the problems associated with the judicial proceedings on the provision of medical services. In 2007, the report on the grant of the American Association of Justice has already given arguments for and against, inﬂamed discussions, which then cover Europe and other states. However, in the domestic literature we ﬁnd only comments and research on this issue. It is necessary to create mechanisms that are not burdened with contradictions between law and bioethics, in the process of protecting medical organizations and doctors in conﬂicts with insurance organizations and patients about the provision of medical services. The article analyzes the provisions of international law and practical experience; the provisions of the current Russian legislation on mediation and arbitration; the experience of the NMP. The authors propose an algorithm that allows to discuss, propose and resolve complex conﬂicts from the point of view of medical law and under the condition of bioethical approach. It should be emphasized that there is a need for discussion on the consideration of disputes between patients and doctors about the provision of medical services in specialized medical courts.
COMPARATIVE-LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SECURITY MEASURES IN CRIMINAL, ARBITRATION, CIVIL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Sharipova A. R.
Published: January 2019

The novelty of the article is determined by the consideration in it of the ratio of measures of procedural coercion, interim measures of the arbitral tribunal, measures to secure a claim in civil proceedings and measures for the preliminary protection of administrative proceedings. The purpose of this comparative analysis is to determine the unity of their legal nature, the identiﬁcation of identical and similar elements, the discovery of reasonable and unjustiﬁed industry speciﬁc differences. The tasks were the comparison of goals, methods, procedure, subject composition and other elements of the institutions of arbitration, civil procedural, administrative and criminal procedure. The central method of research was a comparative legal method. As a result of the study, the proximity of legal regulation of law-enforcement measures in arbitration, civil and administrative proceedings was revealed, and a signiﬁcant difference in the criminal process. Unjustiﬁed differences in the subject composition of the initiators of the application of interim measures were discovered, and there was no possibility of counter provision in criminal proceedings. In conclusion, measures for the inter-process uniﬁcation of the legal institution under consideration are proposed.
INTERNATIONAL VISITOR EXPERIENCE LEVEL IN URBAN DESTINATIONS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mwangi Muhoro Grieveesbon , Eunice Kibiro
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research was to examine empirically the international visitor experiences while in urban destinations Nairobi County, Kenya.

Methodology: The research hypothesis was constructed based on previous theoretical and empirical studies. A survey was conducted on 231 departing visitors to collect primary data from January to June 2017. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to measure the linear correlation between international visitor experiences and urban destinations.

Main findings: The results found out that visitor experience levels have direct positive influence on visitors’ visitation to Nairobi’s urban tourist attractions and thus directly influenced their return intention through their destination satisfaction process.

Implications: Destination managers and tourism organizations particularly service organizations need to take into account of the satisfaction levels and the level of experience of urban visitors to enhance their revisits.

Novelty: The findings of this research have provided to the understanding of valuable practical information about visitors experiences while in urban destinations. This information could be used in promotional strategies, product development, and urban planning frameworks should be geared to meet destination demand and sustainable urban tourism development.
ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION OF TOURISM COMPETITIVE MODELS TO TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Authors: Jackson Saidi Wasi
Published: January 2019

The article discusses and evaluates theories and models of tourism competitiveness particularly those of Crouch and Ritchie (1999), Dwyer and Kim (2003) and World Economic Forum (2018). Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2005) the models enable and tries to enlighten more on how they facilitate the understanding and application of tourism competitiveness. World Travel and Tourism Council (2018) competitiveness in the travel and tourism industry is widely preached however, there is no uniform understanding and application of the concepts of competitiveness (Andrades-Caldito L Sánchez-Rivero, M. & Pulido-Fernández J. 2013).

World Travel and Tourism Council (2018) evidently, there are many competitive variations among the top and advanced tourism destinations in the world. Austria is on position one in tourism infrastructural and products competitiveness, France is number one on tourists' visitations but the United States of America and China is number one on receipts/income realized from tourism.

This clearly shows that if the models were perfect and uniformly applied then only one destination could have been number one in all aspects of visitation, infrastructural development, and income generated from the tourism industry. This clearly shows that there is a need for fresh research and development of the models to suffice the variations in the situation. The analysis, evaluation, and comparison of models is based on the research methodology, application (practice), variables used, assumptions and generalizations
Comparison of Stochastic and Machine Learning Methods for Multi-Step Ahead Forecasting of Hydrological Processes
Authors: Papacharalampous Georgia , Tyralis Hristos , Koutsoyiannis Demetris
Published: January 2019

Research within the field of hydrology often focuses on comparing stochastic to machine learning (ML) forecasting methods. The comparisons performed are all based on case studies, while an extensive study aiming to provide generalized results on the subject is missing. Herein, we compare 11 stochastic and 9 ML methods regarding their multi-step ahead forecasting properties by conducting 12 large-scale computational experiments based on simulations. Each of these experiments uses 2 000 time series generated by linear stationary stochastic processes. We conduct each simulation experiment twice; the first time using time series of 100 values and the second time using time series of 300 values. Additionally, we conduct a real-world experiment using 405 mean annual river discharge time series of 100 values. We quantify the performance of the methods using 18 metrics. The results indicate that stochastic and ML methods perform equally well.