bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Follow-up Care among Medicaid Patients with Schizophrenia treated with Antipsychotics in the Inpatient Setting
Authors: Farr Amanda M. , Smith David M. , Pesa Jacqueline A. , Cao Zhun
Published: October 2019

Background: For patients with schizophrenia, the transition from inpatient hospitalization to outpatient care presents a challenge to providing continuous care. Lapses in care during this time period can result in poor clinical outcomes. To date, there is little information regarding the association between inpatient antipsychotic treatment and outpatient care.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe trends in and identify factors associated with post-discharge follow-up outpatient care among Medicaid enrollees with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics.

Methods: Adults administered oral or long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication during a hospitalization for schizophrenia were identified in the linked MarketScan® Hospital Drug and Multi-State Medicaid Databases. Psychiatric-related follow-up outpatient visits within 30 days of discharge were identified from Medicaid claims based on Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set specifications. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models were used to describe and analyze time to follow-up visit and to identify patient and hospitalization characteristics associated with follow-up visit.

Results: The study sample (N=1,312) had a mean age of 40.5 years and was 57% male. A follow-up outpatient visit was identified among 47% of patients. The proportion of patients with a follow-up visit ranged from 25% in 2005 to 48% in 2010/2011. The Cox proportional hazard model suggests that capitated health plan, attending physician specialty of psychiatry/psychology, and later year of index hospitalization significantly increase the probability of a follow-up visit, while substance-related disorders significantly decrease the probability. Type of antipsychotic received during index hospitalization was not significantly associated with probability of a follow-up visit.

Conclusion: While follow-up visit rates have increased over time, this study highlights the ongoing need for improvements in effective linkage to outpatient care for patients hospitalized and treated for schizophrenia, particularly among patients with comorbid substance abuse disorder.
Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Outpatient Treatment Patterns in Patients with Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration from a Japanese Hospital Claims Database
Authors: Iida Tomohiro , Narimatsu Aya , Adachi Kenji , Wang Edward CY
Published: October 2019

Purpose: To identify outpatient treatment patterns of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who received approved anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, using real-world data from hospitals in Japan.

Methods: A hospital claims database was retrospectively reviewed for patients diagnosed with exudative AMD who were treated with anti-VEGF therapy in the outpatient setting between January 2010 and December 2012. Within a treatment period of at least 12 months, the frequency of anti-VEGF injections and AMD-related visits, and time intervals between AMD-related visits and anti-VEGF injections were captured for patients who had neither cataracts nor glaucoma. “Loading dose regimen” was defined as the first 2 or 3 monthly doses and “PRN maintenance regimen” (where PRN=pro re nata) was defined as the entire period of time after the loading doses had been administered.

Results: Claims data were collected from a total of 219 patients from 13 of 126 hospitals: 217 treated with ranibizumab (8 received pegaptanib as well), 2 with aflibercept. Of these, 68 patients were treated for at least 12 months (all with ranibizumab PRN), and 29 had neither cataracts nor glaucoma and were included in the treatment pattern analysis. These 29 patients received a mean of 3.8 injections in the first 12 months and another 2.5 injections in the second 12 months of treatment. The average number of all outpatient visits was 16.1 in the first 12 months and 13.7 in the second 12 months, and an average of 11.6 days elapsed between injections and the previous outpatient monitoring visits using a PRN schedule.

Conclusion: In a real-world setting in Japan, anti-VEGF PRN injections are administered less frequently than in clinical trials, and with time between monitoring and re-injection visits. Nonetheless, patients still visit the hospital frequently, which can significantly burden patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers.
Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Associated with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Blanchette Christopher M. , Iorga Şerban R. , Altan Aylin , Seare Jerry G. , Fan Ying , Rossetti Sandro , Gutierrez Benjamin
Published: October 2019

Background: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a hereditary nephropathy, eventually leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), typically by mid-life. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess real-world healthcare resource utilization and cost among commercially insured (COM) and Medicare Advantage (MAPD) ADPKD patients in addition to the cost profile by chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ADPKD (two or more claims) with ≥30 days of continuous medical and pharmacy benefits and no evidence of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease were selected (Optum Research Database and Impact National Benchmarking Database: 1/1/06–8/31/12). Plan and patient paid healthcare costs and resource utilization per patient per month (PPPM) were described in total and by insurance type. CKD stage was established based on serum creatinine laboratory values or dialysis-related codes. Adjusted, CKD stage-specific costs were predicted for 4 years using regression models. Results: Of the 36,253,096 patients in the databases (1/1/06-8/31/12), 5,051 had evidence of ADPKD. Following exclusion criteria, 4,356 COM and 468 MAPD ADPKD patients remained. Total healthcare resource utilization and costs were high, and costs increased substantially from CKD stage 1–5. PPPM healthcare costs were 37% for ADPKD management and 52% for dialysis services. Predicted 4-year healthcare costs by CKD stage were $40,164 (stage 1), $33,397 (stage 2), $42,686 (stage 3), $148,402 (stage 4), and $207,548 (stage 5). Conclusions: Healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with ADPKD were substantial, irrespective of payer type, and primarily driven by CKD stage. Of the total healthcare costs, 88% were ADPKD- and dialysis-related. Most impactful was the spike in predicted cost when patients progressed from CKD stage 3 to stage 4 (by 348%) after multivariate adjustment. These stage 4–associated costs are primarily due to ultimate progression into stage 5 and ESRD within the 4-year time frame.
Water and sanitation human rights for stone quarry communities at Wagholi, India
Authors: Jenkins Madeleine
Published: October 2019

SANTULAN is an Indian Non-Government Organisation working to provide advocacy, education and health facilitation access to basic human rights for stone quarry workercommunities in India. Engineers Without Borders (EWB) volunteers were employed to workalongside SANTULAN’s existing programs and to conduct research into the water and sanitationissues faced by the stone quarry communities. This case study was developed based on fivecommunities located near the Wagholi Township. It consisted of the assessment of the existing watersources and sanitation conditions and evaluating their subsequent health risks, in order to determinewhether they are a violation of human rights and whether recommendations for improvement canbe developed. Information was gathered based on observation, interviews/surveys with communitymembers and SANTULAN staff, meetings with the Gram Panchayat (Local Self-Government) andwater quality testing. Overall, it was found that the stone quarry communities do not have adequateaccess to clean, safe and reliable drinking water provisions, nor do they have adequate sanitation.Consequently, this poses significant health, financial, environmental and social consequences for thecommunities. India strongly supports the right to water and sanitation and has a duty to respect,protect and fulfil these commitments. However, in the case of the stone quarry communities, theseobligations are not being met. This research will provide valuable support for SANTULAN in theform of documentational evidence to feed into an advocacy based approach for improving access tosafe water and sanitation for stone quarry communities.
Ruggedising biomedical devices for field-testing in resource-constrained environments: Context, issues and solutions
Authors: Schopman Sarah , Kalchthaler Kyle , Malthern Ryan , Mehta Khanjan , Butler Peter
Published: October 2019

Community Health Workers (CHWs) are community members who address primary health challenges through education, prevention, and awareness initiatives. CHWs conduct home visits, provide treatment for simple common illnesses, and offer health education on numerous topics including nutrition, child health, and family planning. Since they serve on the frontlines of healthcare in rural communities, ruggedised and low-cost biomedical devices could improve the efficiency and efficacy of their caregiving efforts. However, the vast majority of biomedical devices used in sub-Saharan Africa are designed by engineers in Western countries who are not familiar with the distinct physical, environmental, socio-cultural, and economic environment of the context for which they are designing. Systemic challenges include long distances, poor transportation, unreliable infrastructure, harsh climate, and limited operator education. Specifically, three sets of hurdles to the adoption, sustainability and usability of devices by the CHWs include vibrations and wire strain, dust and water penetration, and device usability. This article discusses the operational context of CHWs and then delves into the specific problems encountered, and practical solutions applied, during four years of field-testing ruggedised biomedical devices in rural Kenya.
Simple Continuous-Flow Device for Combined Solar Thermal Pasteurization and Solar Disinfection for Water Sterilization
Authors: Amsberry Anthony , Tyler Clayton , Steinhauff William , Pommerenck Justin , Yokochi Alexandré T. F.
Published: October 2019

A collection unit and reflective concentrators were used to thermally preheat water to at least 70 °C for thermal pasteurization prior to a solar disinfection stage. The device is offered as a novel combined cycle to be used for either solar thermal pasteurization, during seasonalpeaks in solar irradiation, or as a solar preheat for UV solar disinfection which would occur in a flow-through solar disinfection trough. Inexpensive materials were used in order to simulate in field functionality and applicability to rural regions with low solar input. Solar incidence at Oregon State University, with latitude 45.5°, was recorded during trials conducted during May 1 to June 10 for the purpose of directly scaling the water treatment volumetric flowrate of the device for any future tests in other locations. This scaling by solar irradiation makes this dataset useful for other locations with higher or lower solar input and needing more or less treated water. The simple gravity-fed continuous system presented in this article makes use of a large cold water reservoir, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and a solar collector. The system, operating at flowrates of 100-150 mL/min is able to reach outlet temperatures of 74°C.  The system is projected to produce 55 L of purified water daily when operating on a sunny day with peak UV radiation above 700 W/m2. System cost was $55 with an added optional $15 for the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
A Sustainable Engineering Solution for Pediatric Dehydration in Low-Resource Clinical Environments
Authors: Taylor Ashley R , Turovskiy Jeffrey , Drew Benjamin , Muelenaer Andre , Redican Kerry , Kochersberger Kevin , Bickford Lissett
Published: October 2019

Engineering efforts in low resource environments pose a unique set of challenges, requiring an in-depth understanding of local needs, comprehensive mapping of community resources, and extensive collaboration with local expertise. The importance of these principles is demonstrated in this paper by detailing the novel design and field demonstration of an affordable, locally manufactured intravenous fluid regulation device. Collaboration with clinical personnel in Uganda and Malawi guided device design. In-country physicians emphasised the need to regulate volume of intravenous (IV) fluid delivered to a paediatric patient without use of electricity. The proposed device regulates IV fluid delivery within ±20 mL of total prescribed dosage, providing a method of reducing fatalities caused by over-hydration in low resource environments; the feasibility of building the device from local resources was demonstrated by a field research team in Malawi. The device was successfully constructed entirely from local resources for a total cost of $46.21 (USD). Additionally, the device was demonstrated in rural clinics where 89 % of surveyed clinical staff reported that they would use the device to regulate IV fluid delivery. This paper emphasises the importance of collaborating with communities for community-based engineering solutions. Mapping community assets and collaborating with local expertise are crucial to success of engineering efforts. Long-term, community-based efforts are likely to sustainably improve health outcomes and strengthen economies of communities worldwide.
Viability of Distributed Manufacturing of Bicycle Components with 3-D Printing: CEN Standardized Polylactic Acid Pedal Testing
Authors: Tanikella Nagendra G. , Savonen Benjamin , Gershenson John , Pearce Joshua M
Published: October 2019

Recent advancements in open-source self-replicating rapid prototypers (RepRap) have radically reduced costs of 3-D printing. The cost of additive manufacturing enables distributed manufacturing of open source appropriate technologies (OSAT) to assist in sustainable development. In order to investigate the potential this study makes a careful investigation of the use of RepRap 3-D printers to fabricate widely used Black Mamba bicycle components in the developing world. Specifically, this study tests pedals. A CAD model of the pedal was created using parametric open source software (FreeCAD) to enable future customization. Then poly-lactic acid, a biodegradable and recyclable bioplastic was selected among the various commercial 3-D printable materials based on strength and cost. The pedal was 3-D printed on a commercial RepRap and tested following the CEN (European Committee for Standardization) standards for racing bicycles for 1) static strength, 2) impact, and 3) dynamic durability. The results show the pedals meet the CEN standards and can be used on bicycles. The 3-D printed pedals are significantly lighter than the stock pedals used on the Black Mamba, which provides a performance enhancement while reducing the cost if raw PLA or recycled materials are used, which assists in reducing bicycle costs even for those living in extreme poverty. Other bicycle parts could also be manufactured using 3-D printers for a return on investment on the 3-D printer indicating that this model of distributed manufacturing of OSAT may be technically and economically appropriate through much of the Global South.
GUEST EDITORIAL: Small is Still Beautiful - Appropriate Technology and Humanitarian Engineering
Authors: Marjoram Tony
Published: October 2019

Small is Still Beautiful - Appropriate Technology and Humanitarian Engineering
Journal of Humanitarian Engineering Guest Editorial
Authors: Toussaint Wiebke
Published: October 2019

Journal of Humanitarian Engineering Guest Editorial
UTILIZAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NUM CURSO TÉCNICO DA ESCOLA SECUNDÁRIA DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS NO BRASIL
Authors: Santiago da Silva Juliana
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de analisar as práticas pedagógicas com a utilização das TIC nas atividades escolares, considerando o contexto um curso técnico de nível médio da cidade de Manhuaçu, no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo, baseado em observações, entrevistas realizadas com professores, relatos escritos e acompanhamento de algumas aulas. A análise dos dados evidenciou a utilização dos seguintes recursos didáticos, a saber: internet, exibição de vídeos, data show, leitura de artigos de periódicos, leitura de textos de revistas de divulgação, uso de aplicativos em computadores e a rede social facebook. O data show destacou-se como sendo a ferramenta mais utilizada. Relatos de docentes indicaram que as TIC em sala de aula promoveram melhorias na aprendizagem de conteúdo. Por outro lado, ainda foi possível observar indícios de uma educação mecanicista em sala de aula, mesmo com a utilização de recursos tecnológicos de informação e comunicação.
INTERCÂMBIO INTERNACIONAL DE ESTUDANTES BRASILEIROS COM A UNIVERSIDADE DE AVEIRO DE PORTUGAL: O CASO DA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DE PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA DA UNEMAT
Authors: Rambo Kochhann Maria Elizabete , Dantas Brito Neri de Souza Dayse Cristine
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de estudar a formação internacional de estudantes de licenciatura em matemática, tendo em vista o contexto do Programa de Licenciatura Internacional (PLI) referente ao Edital Capes 2013-2015. O caso estudado foi o intercâmbio internacional de estudantes de licenciatura em matemática da Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso (Unemat, Brasil) com a Universidade de Aveiro (UAveiro, Portugal). A investigação qualitativa sobre as concepções de professores da UAveiro com relação à realização do intercâmbio internacional, tendo em vista dados coletados por meio de entrevistas e análise de documentos oficiais. O estudo dos aspectos da modalidade de estudantes, no âmbito internacional, foi apoiado pelos teóricos Siegler (2009), Reyes (2012), Veiga (2011) e De Witt (1998), entre outros. Foi apresentado um breve histórico sobre a mobilidade estudantil da Unemat, o que evidenciou a importância dessa experiência na formação inicial de professores. O estudo evidenciou que a experiência internacional agregou importância na formação em matemática, bem como na formação pedagógica do futuro professor de matemática. Entretanto, o estudo apontou para a necessidade de melhorar a base matemática dos referidos estudantes.
COMO FUTUROS PROFESSORES DE MATEMATICA ENTENDEM O USO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Jordane de Oliveira Alex , Ribeiro Edwirgem , Badke Wanessa
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi discutir os entendimentos que futuros professores de Matemática possuem sobre o uso de Tecnologias Digitais na Educação Matemática (TDEM). A pesquisa qualitativa foi realizada em 2015, a partir de observações, rodas de conversas e fórum no ambiente virtual de aprendizagem. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foi uma turma de 35 alunos do curso de licenciatura em matemática do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo. Foi realizado um breve resgate histórico das TDEM e uma discussão teórica sobre como professores de matemática entendem o uso de tecnologias digitais. As análises apontaram que as crenças e concepções dos alunos incluem a importância do uso da metodologia de ensino para que a TDEM seja de fato incorporada à prática docente.
UMA METODOLOGIA DE ENSINO DE GEOMETRIA A PARTIR DE UM JOGO DE DOMINÓ: UMA ATIVIDADE LÚDICA DE MATEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Sandoval Paixão Marcus Vinicius , Ribeiro Marques Frederico César , Das Graças Carmo Maria
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de planejar e aplicar um jogo de dominó matemático para o ensino de geometria, englobando a temática de geometria plana e especial, como estratégia de complementação dos conteúdos programáticos de ensino de matemática do ensino médio. A partir da atividade lúdica, busca-se promover reflexões a cerca das relações matemáticas estabelecidas no cálculo da área de figuras planas e de volume de sólidos de resolução, contribuindo para melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de geometria. A pesquisa qualitativa sobre uma atividade pedagógica lúdica de ensino de geometria foi realizada no contexto do ensino técnico de nível médio. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa foram estudantes de uma turma do terceiro ano de ensino técnico integrado ao ensino médio de uma escola da Rede Federal de Educação Tecnológica do Espírito Santo, localizada na cidade de Santa Teresa, Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de observações, questionários e relatórios da aplicação do jogo de dominó matemático. Os resultados indicaram que o jogo de dominó se constituiu em uma atividade lúdica oportunizando a melhoria do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de conteúdos programáticos de geometria no ensino de matemática.
MODELAGEM MATEMÁTICA E FORMAÇÃO SOCIAL DA MENTE: PERSPECTIVAS DE MÚTUO POTENCIAL
Authors: Veiga Ferreira de Souza Maria Alice , Teixeira de Rezende Oscar Luiz , Lessa Lorenzoni Luciano , Dias Pagung Camila Maria
Published: October 2019

A Modelagem Matemática se apresenta como uma via de aprendizagem de objetos matemáticos a partir de ações educacionais que favoreçam a construção de conhecimento pelo aluno de maneira ativa, dialogada e que valoriza e requer a bagagem histórica discente para a estruturação do saber. Para além desse benefício, há outras vantagens silenciosas e menos evidentes, mas de relevo, que devem ser consideradas nessa ação educacional por docentes que, por sua vez, devem se preocupar não apenas com o que seus alunos aprendem, mas, igualmente, com as influências decorrentes sobre a formação social dessas mentes. Esse ensaio discute o potencial educacional da Matemática como modelo de mediação à luz da teoria sociointeracionista de Vigotski e do ciclo de modelagem matemática de Blum e Leiβ para a modelagem social de mentes.
TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA: USO DE CELULAR NA ABORDAGEM DE CONTEÚDOS PROGRAMÁTICOS DE VELOCIDADE
Authors: De Oliveira Souza Santos Amanda , Ernana Sales de Brito Souza Andressa , Bassul Areias George , Petri Assunção João Paulo , Alcina Martins Nobre Isaura , Battestin Nunes Vanessa
Published: October 2019

Os dispositivos móveis potencializam o ensino e a aprendizagem por apresentarem recursos instantâneos e interativos, oportunizando a inserção das tecnologias digitais para dentro da sala de aula. Dentro desta perspectiva em mostrar o uso significativo do celular articulado com a vivência dos alunos, valorizando seus conhecimentos com as tecnologias, foi despertado o interesse em desenvolver atividades por meio do celular que promovesse o senso crítico e reflexivo. Nesse contexto, este trabalho analisou o uso do celular por meio do aplicativo “Meu professor de Cálculo”, tomando por base o ensino da Física no contexto do Ensino Fundamental II, a partir dos pressupostos da aprendizagem móvel apresentada pela UNESCO (2014), da mediação pedagógica por Vigotski (2007) e pelo ensino da física por Halliday et al. (2012). Quanto à metodologia, esta pesquisa se caracterizou como qualitativa do tipo exploratória descritiva, utilizando, como uma das técnicas de coleta de dados, a observação participante. Os resultados demonstraram que a tecnologia foi uma aliada na aprendizagem dos diversos conceitos de velocidade trabalhados em física. O uso do aplicativo não só facilitou a resolução dos problemas propostos durante as aulas práticas, como também, possibilitou associar os conceitos chaves de grandezas como a distância, tempo e velocidade. Além disso, o uso das tecnologias móveis contribuiu para o aumento da motivação e do envolvimento dos alunos durante as aulas e a consequente melhoria da aprendizagem dos conceitos científicos abordados.
مدى إدراك الأطباء لدور الاختصاصي النفسي الإكلينيكي كأحد أعضاء الفريق العلاجي للأمراض المزمنة بمدينة مصراتة
Authors: سلطان عادل مصطفى
Published: October 2019

تغيرت النظرة في مجال الأمراض بشكل عام، حيث (( إن طبيعة الأمراض وأسبابها قد خضعت لتغيرات كبيرة عما كان عليه الأمر في النصف الأول من هذا القرن، ففي حين أن معظم الاهتمام كان منصبًّا على الأمراض المعدية، فقد أصبحت الأمراض المزمنة هي الأكثر ملاحظة في الوقت الراهن وإذا دققنا في طبيعة الأمراض المزمنة فإننا سنجد مجموعة من السمات التي تتميز بها هذه الأمراض من بينها أن الأمراض المعدية تكون سببها الفيروسات والجراثيم، بينما توجد علاقة وطيدة بين غالبية الأمراض المزمنة، وبين نمط الحياة والسلوك والعوامل الاجتماعية والنفسية، كما أن إجراءات العلاج للأمراض المزمنة صعبة، ويتعلق النجاح بمدى فاعلية المريض في الإسهام في العلاج كذلك في مساعدته كي يتعايش مع مرضه. كل هذه السمات والعوامل كفيلة أن تجعل الأطباء والمؤسسات الصحية والعلاجية كافة ذات الاتجاهات العضوية الخالصة، والتي تتبنى مفاهيم تقليدية للمرض عاجزة وحدها عن مواجهة الأمراض المزمنة، مما يدفع إلى إعادة النظر في مفهومها للمرض ليشتمل على الجوانب النفسية للمرض، مما يؤكد ضرورة إشراك الأطباء للاختصاصي النفسي الإكلينيكي كأحد أعضاء الفريق العلاجي للأمراض المزمنة، وذلك لأن الأسباب وراء هذه الأمراض قد تكون نفسية وما ينتج عن هذه الأمراض من إرهاقات نفسية واجتماعية كبيرة، الأمر الذي لا يمكن للاختصاصي أن يُغطيه وحده، كما أن احتكاك الأطباء اليومي مع الأمراض المزمنة، وإدراكهم المتزايد لضرورة مراعاة العوامل النفسية في الأمراض الجسدية وغيرها، وعدم توفر المعارف النفسية اللازمة لدى الأطباء أدى إلى ظهور الحاجة إلى المعارف النفسية، وإلى إشراك الاختصاصي النفسي الإكلينيكي في الإشراف والعلاج وإعادة التأهيل ))( ). ومن نافلة القول الإشارة إلى أن المؤسسات الصحية ما زالت بعيدة عن مواكبة التغيرات وما زالت تَحْتَ تأثير المفاهيم التقليدية السائدة حول المرض والعلاج وهيمنة المؤسسات الطبية بادعائها أن قضايا المرض والصحة من مسؤوليتها وحدها، على الرغم من أن الوعي النفسي والاجتماعي يحمل مؤشرات تدفع باتجاه إعادة النظر في هذه المفاهيم، والسياسات الصحية المتبعة تحث ضغط الانفجار الكبير في التكاليف والإرهاقات النفسية والاجتماعية الناجمة عن الأمراض المزمنة عمومًا والمؤدية إليها أيضًا. (( ويرى الكثير من الباحثين أن الأدوار المنوطة بالاختصاصي النفسي الإكلينيكي تتمثل في تشخيص الاضطرابات النفسية وعلاجها، وتقديم الاستشارات النفسية للأفراد والمؤسسات العلاجية ))( ).
بناء الكلمة في الشعر الجاهلي
(دراسة دلالية)
Authors: الفرجاني مخزوم علي
Published: October 2019

فإنَّ البحث في جانب الإبداع اللغوي في الكلمة ووسائله، هو في جوهره بحث في (المثيرات اللغوية) الدالة على النص، سواء أكانت أصواتا، أم مفردات، أم تراكيب، أم قرائن مجازية.
ولسنا في حاجة إلى إثبات أن أولى متطلبات تقدير أي عمل – نثري أو شعري –هو إدراك كلماته والوعي بها، بحيث يعتمد اكتشافنا لقيمة النص وإدراك جانب الإبداع فيه على مدى استجابتنا للكلمات التي يستخدمها أساسا، ومن إيماننا العميق بأهمية (الكلمة) في التركيب أفردنا لها هذا البحث، الذي سيتناولها بكونها إحدى المثيرات، أو بكونها أهم الوسائل في إبداع الدلالة.
والمادة التي ستدرس في هذا البحث هي مادة (الشعر الجاهلي)، وهي مادة تحتاج إلى تذوق من جميع مثيراتها؛ حتى يتسنى لنا الحكم على إبداع اللغة عند أبنائها الأوائل، وما هو واقعهم مع لغتهم اليوم.
إن دراسة (الكلمة) بحثا عن الدلالة هي ضرورة فوق كل ضرورة؛ لأنها تكسب مادة اللغة نداوة وطراوة، وتكسبها جدة وطرافة، بخلاف ما هي عليه-كما يرى بعضهم- من جفاف وقسوة أوجد من أبنائها الطلبة من يجعلون أصابعهم في آذانهم عند سماعهم للشعر الجاهلي، ومن ثمَّ فلا ينبغي أن ننظر إلى الشعر الجاهلي بكونه مَعِينًا زاخرًا لاستخراج قواعد اللغة، أو مادة ساكنة يستدل بها على حضارة البيئة وأيام العرب، بل هو إنتاج أدبي بلغ مستوىً رفيعًا من الخلق والإبداع.
وسنرى في هذا البحث -بعون الله وتوفيقه- كيف أن الشعر الجاهلي هو إبداع لغوي، وأن أصواته ومفرداته وُضعت وضعًا فنيًا مقصودًا في مكانها المناسب، وأن الدارس للنحو العربي على هذا النهج سيدرك عظمة هذه اللغة، وهو ينظر إلى تراكيبها ودلالتها المعنوية، ويشعر باعتزاز بانتسابه إلى هذه اللغة الفنية، الثرية، الحافلة بالمعاني الرفيعة الجميلة، وهو وراء كل ذلك يحاول تطبيق هذه الأوجه في كلامه، ويشعر بمتعة في هذا التطبيق، علما بأني قد قسمت هذه الدراسة فصلين:
أولهما: دلالة الصوت:
سنقف في هذا الفصل عند دور الصوت في إبداع الكلمة في الشعر الجاهلي، أو كيف استدل العرب -كما يقول ابن جني- بمسموع الأصوات على محسوس الأحداث( ) وقد قسم هذا الفصل مبحثين: الأول: المحاكاة الصوتية الأولية، والثاني: المحاكاة الصوتية الثانوية.
والآخر: دلالة الكلمة:
في هذا الفصل سنتحدث عن دلالة الكلمة، والوسائل التي أثرت في أداء معناها، حيث قسم إلى ثلاثة مباحث: المبحث الأول: خروج الكلمة عن دلالتها المعجمية، والمبحث الثاني: التقابل اللفظي، والمبحث الثالث: زيادة مبنى الكلمة.
مظاهر السلوك العصابي لدى عينة من أبناء الأسر النازحة وعلاقتها بإدراك الذات
Authors: الشكري مفتاح محمد
Published: October 2019

تحدد هدف الدراسة في التعرف على مدى التفاعل بين مظاهر السلوك العصابي وبعض مكونات الذات. وذلك من خلال الوقوف على مدى الارتباط ومدى الاختلاف في تلك المتغيرات لدى أفراد عينة الدراسة من الأطفال النازحين من الجنسين. وقد تكونت هذه العينة من التلاميذ الدارسين بمرحلة التعليم الأساسي من أبناء الأسر النازحة إلى منطقة الخمس بسبب المعارك الدائرة في مناطقهم، أو بسبب خلافات في التوجهات السياسية، وتم اختيارهم بالطريقة العمدية بمساعدة المرشدين النفسيين والأخصائيين الاجتماعيين، حيث بلغ حجم العينة من التلاميذ الذكور (60) تلميذاً بمتوسط عمر 12.76 عاماً، وانحراف معياري 2.25 عاماً، ومن الإناث (38) تلميذة، بمتوسط عمر 11.53 عاماً، وانحراف معياري 2.28 عاماً. واستخدم الباحث قائمة تقدير لقياس مظاهر السلوك العصابي, وأخرى لقياس مكونات الذات، وبتطبيق معادلة الانحدار الخطي تم التوصل إلى وجود علاقة تفاعلية بين بعض مظاهر السلوك العصابي ومكونات الذات، حيث أشارت النتائج إلى أن الأعراض الاكتئابية والوساوس القهرية ومظاهر القلق لها إسهام معنوي في إدراك الأطفال النازحين لذواتهم واقعياً، في حين لم تسهم المخاوف المرضية بمستوى معنوي. وتبين أن مظاهر القلق والأعراض الاكتئابية تسهمان بشكل معنوي في إدراك الأطفال لذواتهم اجتماعياً، في حين لم تسهم بقية المتغيرات بدلالة معنوية. وبتطبيق اختبار (ت) اتضح وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور والإناث في المخاوف المرضية والوساوس القهرية لصالح عينة الإناث، وجاءت الفروق لصالح عينة الذكور في المعاناة من مظاهر القلق, أما بالنسبة لإدراك الذات واقعياً فقد جاءت الفروق لصالح عينة الذكور, في حين لم تظهر نتائج الدراسة فروقاً بين الجنسين في مستوى الإدراك الاجتماعي للذات.
EXPOSURE TO RADIATION WELDING WORKERS IN PT.PUTRA SULTRA SAMUDERA KENDARI AGAINST DISEASE DISORDERS CATARACT
Authors: Sya'ban Abdul Rahim
Published: October 2019

Background: In the industrial sector, the number of workers employed quite a lot, with the type and intensity of the various aspects of the environment including physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial. Various kinds of environments can cause a variety of occupational diseases.Aim: To determine the relationship between distance and time exposure PT. Putra Sultra Samudera Kendari against cataractsMethods: This research are a survey research with cross sectional analytic study, the data collection are  done in a certain time to describe the condition of the populationResults: The results showed a strong relationship between the suitability of distance, time of exposure to diseases cataractsConclusions: There are a positive correlation and significant influence between the suitability of the distance and time of exposure with cataract disorder, the use of Personal Protective Equipment showed a positive relationship and did not have a significant effect on cataract disorders in workers in the welding parts firm PT. Putra Sultra Samudera Kendari.
IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING THE PUBLIC HEALTH LEADERSHIP
Authors: Zaman Sojib Bin
Published: October 2019

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT AND MEDICAL COMPLIANCE IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER OF ABELI, KENDARI
Authors: Mongan Ruth , Fajar Fajar
Published: October 2019

Background: Little is known about the relationship between family support (emotional, material, and informational support) with medical compliance in tuberculosis patients in the Community Health Center of Abeli KendariObjective: This study aims to examine the relationships of family support (emotional, material, and informational support) and medical compliance of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: This was an observational study with cross-sectional design. Thirty samples were recruited by total sampling with the criteria that they had pulmonary TB with positive acid-resistant bacteria and still taking medication from the community health center of Abeli Kendari health center. Data were analyzed by chi-square processed using univariate and bivariate and presented in tabular form and narrated.Results: Findings showed that there were significant relationship between Emotional support (X2hit = 10.20 the value of X2tab = 3.841; Cc 0.50 - moderate relationship ), material support (X2hit = 6.00 the value of X2tab = 3.841; Cc 0.41 - moderate relationship), and informational support (X2hit = 13.50 the value of X2tab = 3.841; Cc 0.56 – strong relationship) with p-value 0.05.Conclusion: there was a significant relationship between family support (emotional, material, and informational support) with medical compliance of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. It is suggested for health professionals to always promote the importance of family support for the successful of medical treatment among tuberculosis patients.
CLINICIAN SENSITIZATION ON INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE IN FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE OWO, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA, 2016
Authors: Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen , Babasola Oluwafolakemi Mary
Published: October 2019

Background: For effective Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) all health care workers involvement is required. Most trainings have often neglected the clinicians. Aim: This study aimed to identify gaps requiring capacity building in preventing infectious disease outbreak among health care workers in Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State.Methods: A cross sectional study of clinicians at the Federal Medical Centre, Owo was done. Data was collected using semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data collected were analysed with SPSS version 21. Summary statistics was conducted to identify training need requirements.Results: The mean age of participant was 43 ± 5.9 years, 14(70%) were male. Respondents who have worked for 10 years and above were 12(60%). In all, 5(25%) respondent understood disease surveillance to be systematic collection of data and analysis in order to prevent diseases. Regarding respondent’s knowledge of notifiable diseases. Only 4(20%) of the respondents knew malaria as a notifiable disease, Cholera knew by 11(55%), Ebola by 15(75%) and Lassa by 13(65%). The main factor identified to be affecting prompt disease notification in  Federal Medical Centre,  Owo was lack of adequate training 12(60%) while communication gap was identified by 7(35%). In all, 18(90%) felt they do not know all that they needed about disease surveillance. Conclusion: Rapid notification of infectious diseases is essential for prompt public health action and for monitoring of disease trends. Trainings that will improve the level of knowledge of clinician and communication channels will improve disease surveillance and notification.
RELATIONSHIPS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A 3M PLUS PROGRAM AND THE EXISTENCE OF AEDES AEGYPTI LARVAE TOWARDS THE NUMBER OF DENGUE FEVER CASES IN THE PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER OF TIGO BALEH BUKITTINGGI, WEST SUMATERA, INDONESIA
Authors: Alhamda Syukra
Published: October 2019

Background: Dengue fever in Tigo baleh Bukittinggi community is one of the infectious diseases resulting in serious health problems. Understanding the factors associated with the disease is necessity.Objective: To determine the relationships of the implementation of 3M plus program and the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae towards the number of dengue fever cases in the public health center of Tigo Baleh Bukittinggi, West Sumatera, Indonesia.Methods: This was a case control study conducted between January and December 2016 in the Public Health Center of Tigo Baleh Bukittinggi. There were 78 samples recruited by total sampling, with 39 were assigned in the case and control group. House index (HI) and Container index (CI) were used to measure the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae. The implementation of 3M plus program was measured using questionnaire developed by the researcher. Chi Square was performed for data analysis. Result: Findings showed that house index value was 43.6% and container index was 17.9%. The presence of larvae at home contributes to 24 (61.5%) cases of DHF in the case group and 10 (25.6%) cases in the control group. Poor implementation of the program contributes to 27 (69.2%) cases in the case group and 17 (43.6%) in the control group. Chi square test showed p 0.040 (0.05) for the 3M plus implementation and p 0.03 (0.05) for the presence of Aedes aegypti. Conclusion: There were significant associations between the implementation of 3m plus program and the existence of Aedes aegypti larvae towards the number of dengue fever cases in the public health center of Tigo Baleh Bukittinggi, West Sumatera, Indonesia. It is suggested that the community should do more efforts to prevent the occurrence of DHF through mosquito nest eradication, such as the implementation of 3M Plus and sanitation efforts, and pay attention to any places that potentially become a breeding ground for Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS IN COASTAL AREA OF WAWATU VILLAGE, MORAMO SUB DISTRICT, NORTH OF SOUTH KONAWE, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI
Authors: Lestari Hariati , Bahar Hartati , Asfian Pitrah , Ali Imran Ahmad La Ode
Published: October 2019

Aim: This survey study aims to assess and describe environmental risk factors in Wawatu Village, Moramo sub district, North of South Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi.Methods: There 43 respondents selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using self-questionnaire and observation sheet, consisting of physical condition dimension, chemical and biological factors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Findings show that 77% of respondents had a good water condition, however, 77% of them had no latrines, 93% had no severage channel, and 63% no landfills. Some of respondents (28%) disposed of ship waste (28%) and household waste (28%) in the sea. Sadly, 81% of respondents did not defecate in the toilet.Conclusions: This study provides the evidence that the health environment in Wawatu Village, Moramo sub district, North of South Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, needs to more attention. Government and Public health workers need to do great efforts in controlling the risk factors,  build the health structure, and implement health promotion program in this area.
START WRITING IN A REFLECTIVE JOURNAL: A STRATEGY TO ENHANCE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF HEALTH PRACTITIONERS
Authors: Gunawan Joko
Published: October 2019

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LIVED EXPERIENCES OF THE ABUSED ELDERLY
Authors: Acob Joel Rey U
Published: October 2019

Aim: The study determined individual lived experiences of the abused elderly in the provinces of Leyte and Biliran.Methods: The study utilized qualitative phenomenology. Interviews are made and recorded, then later transcribed verbatim. Collaizi’s method is used as method of analysis to obtain themes of the lived experiences of the ten abused key informants.Results: Based from results, most of the abused entities are female, widowed aging 6o to 65 years old, earning less than 2000 pesos per month and are dependently living in a nuclear family structure for 40 years. Based on their responses to the open-ended guide questions, key informants revealed emotional mistreatment being the most extensive type of abuse. Physical and sexual maltreatment are also evident amidst their old age. Family members and employers are the main identified perpetrators of the elderly. Bruises on most covered areas in their body, rope burns, torn undergarments, being touched without consent are some of the objective indicators of abuse. Themes such as family violence and workplace mistreatment are the most common form of abuse experienced.Conclusion: Based from the findings, it is recommended that the local government and concerned stakeholders to timely review existing rules protecting vulnerable adults especially its implementation.
THE EFFECT OF ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT THERAPY (ACT) ON ANXIETY LEVELS IN ELDERLY LIVING AT PANTI SOSIAL TRESNA WERDHA (PSTW) BALI
Authors: Wicaksana I Gusti Agung Tresna , Wahju S Teguh , Eko K Rinik , Yudara S Putu
Published: October 2019

Background: Panti werdha in Indonesia is considered as a nursing home for elderly. However, there are still psychosocial problems occur such as loneliness, sadness, and anxiety disorders. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) may be able to solve psychosocial problems especially for anxiety.Objective: To analyze the extent of ACT's influence on the level of anxiety of the elderly living in the PSTW Bali.Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest with control group. Sixty elderly were recruited and divided into control and treatment groups with 30 samples of each group. Paired and Independent T-test were used for data analysis.Results: The paired T-test results in the control group showed significant differences of anxiety score between pretest and posttest after given generalist therapy (p 0.05). The result of paired T-test in the treatment group showed that there was a significant difference of anxiety score between pretest and posttest after given general and ACT therapy (p 0.05). The independent T-test showed that there was a significant difference of anxiety score between control group and treatment group (p 0.05).Conclusion: ACT psychotherapy is effective in decreasing anxiety in elderly who are living in PSTW Bali.
THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE FACTORS FOR DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN BANJARMASIN CITY, SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE, INDONESIA, 2012-2016
Authors: Ishak Nuning Irnawulan , Kasman Kasman
Published: October 2019

Background: One of the factors that lead to high incidence of DHF is climate change.Objective: To analyze the effect of climate factors (temperature, humidity, wind speed, and rainfall) associated with DHF incidence in Banjarmasin City, 2012-2016.  Methods: We used the national data on annual reported incidence from Health Office of Banjarmasin City and climate variations from Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency 2nd Class Climatology Station Syamsudin Noor Banjarmasin, January 2012-December 2016.  The analysis techniques using path analysis to explained the mechanism of causal relationships between variables.Results: The result showed the overall incidence of DHF in Banjarmasin City during 2012- 2016 was 243 cases, of DHF cases were fluctuates by the monthly trend, where the highest number of DHF cases in January to March, climate variation which occurred in Banjarmasin City period 2012-2016 included temperatures ranged from 25.8-28.7°C, humidity ranged from 65-88%, wind speed ranged from 4-6 knots and rainfall ranged from 0.0-546.7 mm, and the path analysis showed that rainfall variable (X4) was the only variable which positively effected to DHF incidence variable (Y) equal to 0.613 unit (Y = 0.613 X4) (p value = 0.002).Conclusion: Climate information can used as a precautionary signal through early warming of the readiness in facing the outbreaks of vector borne diseases so that further efforts in environmental management by manipulation method and environmental modification.
PREVALENCE AND PATTERN OF UTERINE BLEEDING AMONG BREASTFEEDING WOMEN USING PROGESTERONE-ONLY PILLS
Authors: Ratrikaningtyas Prima Dhewi , Rosdiana Dian , Wilopo Siswanto Agus
Published: October 2019

Background: Progesterone-Only Pill (POPs) is one of the ideal oral contraceptive methods for breastfeeding women. Discontinuation of POPs was mostly due to bleeding pattern disorders.Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence and pattern of uterine bleeding on breastfeeding women using contraceptive pills containing progesterone derivatives.Methods: This study is a double blind block randomized controlled trial for the treatment group (levonorgestrel or lynestrenol pills) and non-randomized controlled trial for the control group, 6-8 weeks’ postpartum women, 20 to 35-year-old, and breastfeeding. Monthly follow up was done for 6 months. Analysis was done using survival analysis, X2,and Cox’s Proportional Hazard.Results: A hundred and seven women were involved with a drop-out rate of 17.8%. Subjects characteristics were ≤ 32-year-old, multiparous, ever used contraception with birth spacing of 60 months. Spotting and amenorrhea was the most common pattern. Levonorgestrel causes bleeding/menstrual resumption sooner in breastfeeding women than Lynestrenol.Conclusion: The most common uterine bleeding on women using Progesterone-only Pills were spotting and amenorrhea. By recognizing such effects, for Indonesian women, POPs was expected to be produced in the country and can be included in the national family planning programs.
HEALTH WORKERS IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 ERA
Authors: Tosepu Ramadhan
Published: October 2019

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LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IS A RISK FACTOR OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OLD IN COASTAL AREAS
Authors: Saimin Juminten , Nugraha Ahmad Fahmi , Asmarani Asmarani , Ashaeryanto Ashaeryanto
Published: October 2019

Background: Malnutrition is a public health problem, especially in developing countries. Malnutrition of children can affect brain development during growth and increase morbidity and mortality. Low birth weight (LBW) plays an important role in child morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of malnutrition in children under five years old and LBW in Indonesia are still high.Objective: This study aimed to assess the risk of LBW on the incidence of malnutrition in children under five years old in coastal areas.Method: This was an observational analytic study with case control approach. The study was conducted on 64 respondents in the coastal area of Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi on November to December 2018. Case group (n=16) was children under five years old who experienced malnutrition in the working area of Abeli, Mata and Benu-Benua Health Center in October 2018. Control group (n=48) was taken by measuring body weight and then adjusted to the category and threshold of nutritional status based on the body weight index according to age. Sixteen respondents of case group were recruited using total sampling. Forty-eight respondents of control group were also recruited using purposive sampling with non-matching method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Odd Ratio (OR) statistical test was used with a 2x2 contingency table and a 95% confidence level with a significance level of α = 0.05.Results: The majority of respondents were 25-48 months old, and maternal age was mostly 36-45 years old in the case group (37.5%) and 26-35 years old in the control group (50.0%). The majority of maternal education level was junior high school in the case group (43.7%) and high school in the control group (47.9%). The statistical test results were obtained OR = 5.923 (CI=95%) with Lower Limit (1.724) and Upper Limit (20.346).  Conclusion: Infants with LBW had a 5 times higher risk for experiencing malnutrition in childhood in coastal areas. Therefore, knowledge of LBW and malnutrition is needed to improve public health status.
EARLY WARNING OF MONKEYPOX DISEASE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Tosepu Ramadhan
Published: October 2019

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An Assessment of Contamination in the Thermal-SZ Map Using Cross-correlations
Authors: Yan 颜子 Ziang 昂 , Hojjati Alireza , Tröster Tilman , Hinshaw Gary , Waerbeke Ludovic van
Published: October 2019

We search for potential galactic and extragalactic dust contamination in thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich maps derived from the Planck data. To test for contamination, we apply a variety of galactic dust and cosmic infrared background (CIB) models to the data as part of the y map reconstruction process. We evaluate the level of contamination by cross-correlating these y maps with mass tracers based on weak lensing data. The lensing data we use are the convergence map, κ, from the Red Sequence Cluster Lensing survey, and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential map, ϕ, from the Planck Collaboration. We make a CIB-subtracted y map and measure the cross-correlation between it and the lensing data. By comparing it with CIB-contaminated cross-correlation, we find that the cross-correlation between κ and y is only slightly contaminated by CIB signal, at the level of 6.8 ± 3.5%, which implies that previous detections of κ × y are robust to CIB contamination. However, we find that ϕ × y is more significantly contaminated, by 16.7 ± 3.5%, because the CMB lensing potential probes higher redshift sources that overlap more with the CIB sources. We find that Galactic dust does not significantly contaminate either cross-correlation signal.