bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE VIOLATING OF POLITENESS MAXIMS FOUND IN CLASSROOM INTERACTION BETWEEN TEACHER AND ENGLISH STUDENTS
Authors: Anjarani Devie Reztia
Published: May 2023

Politeness is a way to convey expressions smoothly, nicely and politely in verbal communication. Politeness is also required to be carried out in official forums such as the learning and teaching process in the classroom. In this case, the researcher is interested and raises the title of violation from the maxim of politeness in language teaching and learning interactions in the seventh semester students. The purpose of this study is to describe objectively the politeness maxims violated by teacher or students in the class interaction. This research is a qualitative research and the source of data in this study is in the form of conversations between students and teachers that have been copied or converted into written form. Based on the data analysis, it can be concluded that the deviation of politeness maxims in teaching and learning interactions occurs in all politeness maxims, namely the maxim of wisdom, maxim of generosity, maxim of praise, maxim of humility, maxim of agreement, and maxim of sympathy. The maxim that most violated appear in wisdom maxim, generosity maxim, agreement maxim, and sympathy maxim with three violation of each. While the violation that occurs the least is the maxim of humility which only appears once. Violations from these maxims occur due to various behaviors, such as giving harm to others, having bad thoughts, criticizing and putting others down, self-
Components Affecting Changes in Gross Profit and Net Profit Initiation
Authors: Martini Rita , Sulaiman Sulaiman , Sari Kartika , Sauky Kella , Hartati Sukmini
Published: May 2023

Financial problems are one of the very vital problems for the company in the development of business in all companies. The evaluation carried out by the company must begin with analyzing each data on the financial statements by comparing the post per post or period one with another. This evaluation uses the analysis of financial statements. Gross profit or profit is one of the main goals of the company in exploring its activities. The management always plans the amount of profit each period, which is determined through the targets to be achieved. The purpose of this study is to analyze and find out the causes of changes in gross profit and changes in net profit by comparing the income statements on CV. Mag Wilab Indonesia. The author uses secondary data, namely income statement. The final result analysis technique shows the causes of changes in gross profit and changes in net income with a comparison of three consecutive years. The results of the analysis using this comparison are that there is a change in gross profit marked by a decrease in gross profit in 2020 and an increase in gross profit in 2021. In addition, the next result is a decrease in net profit 2020 and 2021.
Digital Accounting Systems (DIS): Concepts, Components and Roles in Business
Authors: Dao Thi Hong Nhung
Published: May 2023

Today, with the continuous development of science and technology, the most advanced technology has been applied to the field of human activities, from production and business to monitoring and management. Technology helps people manage work more efficiently and quickly, while providing timely and reliable information. Accounting is a leading important part of the economic and financial management system, playing a great role in controlling, managing and operating the production and business activities of enterprises, especially in the financial sector. current period. That requires businesses to apply technology to the organization that performs accounting work with the aim of creating an effective accounting information system. Such system must be reasonable, rigorous, provide truthful, timely and reliable information with the most advanced processing techniques. That not only contributes to increasing competitiveness but also improves operational efficiency in enterprises. This is an inevitable development trend and is consistent with the renovation process, especially in the current period of economic integration. In this article, Research on the concept of a digital accounting information system and a plan to develop an accounting information system in an enterprise.
Design of Earthquake Warning Alarm Using Accelerometer Sensor Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Gunoro  , Suprapto  , Iriani Juli , Sundawa Bakti Viyata , Abdullah  , Cholish
Published: May 2023

Earthquake is natural event due to release of energy suddenly from within that creates seismic waves. The vibrations are usually caused by movement of earth's plates. It cannot be predicted when they are coming. Therefore, need to build an early warning system. It is for anticipation of save the community when an earthquake occurs. It provides solutions to minimize the impact of earthquake events. This system uses accelerometer sensor and arduino nano as a main controller and it is accompanied by Blynk application. This works for sent notification via smartphone. This tool has been successfully designed with manual testing to be able to see the sensitivity of earthquake sensor made. Accelerometer sensor works is using Tilt Method. Accelerometer sensor will tilt on surface as parable of earthquake. Accelerometer sensor will send vibration signal when earthquake occurs. Signal processing is done by Arduino nano as the main controller in system. If the signal is received by sensor then value of earthquake will be displayed on LCD screen. Status of earthquake was separated into 4 levels such as standby, alert, dangerous, dangerous and dangerous. After earthquake value appears on the LCD screen and the status is known then buzzer will sound. It indicates that the earthquake warning alarm is properly functioning. Next, NodeMCU also sends information to Blynk application, which is used as a notification and monitoring of earthquake conditions. Buzzer will sound as a warning alarm to notify peoples to save themselves. This sensor has three output coordinate points, namely X, Y, Z, which have analog values ​​on Arduino Nano. This analog value can be converted into Richter Scale. Based on experimental results, an analog value is 100 – 400.
“One-Tenth of a Second Does Not Really Count”: Humphrey Khosi, Olympic Ultimatums, and the Tortured Logic of the South African Amateur Athletic Union of 1962
Authors: Sikes Michelle M.
Published: May 2023

One month before the International Olympic Committee issued an ultimatum in June 1962 that South Africa would be suspended from the 1964 Tokyo Olympics unless the government changed its policy on sport, an international track and field meet held in Lourenço Marques exposed the failure of the South African sport establishment to break with apartheid. Despite announcing that they would accept any athlete who merited inclusion, the South African Amateur Athletic Union ultimately selected a team made up of exclusively white runners even though two Black runners produced faster times than their white rivals. Though most accounts of the events preceding the suspension of South Africa from the 1964 Tokyo Olympics have focused on the successes and setbacks of the non-racial sport campaign interpolated with decisions taken by the International Olympic Committee, the moral collapse of South African track and field leaders in 1962 demonstrated to Olympic officials in Lausanne that despite promises of inclusion, apartheid policies would prevail.
New Applications to Longitudinal Olympic Research (LOR) in Humanities and Social Sciences
Authors: Malanski Daniel
Published: May 2023

Most of the research on the sociocultural content presented by Olympic hosts centers on single-point analyses of events. Whereas longitudinal analyses have been used to evaluate changes in audiences’ reception and the media portrayal of the content brought by the Olympic Games, few studies have focused on the comparative study of Olympic traditions, promotional materials, and artifacts. Notwithstanding its limited use to date, Longitudinal Olympic Research (LOR) is a valuable tool for comparing different societies and historical periods, being particularly relevant in the assessment of long-term social trends and understanding the role the present plays in the representation of the past. This research note discusses LOR's use to date and suggests possible new avenues for future research, as well as its risks and limitations.
Match Fixing or Playing the Game? The 1956 US Men's Olympic Water Polo Trials
Authors: Wenn Stephen R.
Published: May 2023

Members of the Southern California Water Polo Club entered Melbourne's Olympic pool knowing that some questioned if they were the rightful representatives of the US. Their path to Melbourne involved allegations of match manipulation at the Olympic Trials. This research note explores a shrouded piece of US Olympic history and analyzes linked, intriguing stories. How did events bring former Amateur Athletic Union president Jeremiah Mahoney to threaten legal action against International Olympic Committee president Avery Brundage? Why did Mrs. M. A. Koblish make it her mission to hold US sport officials to account for ignoring the alleged match fixing? Olympic match fixing, and the focus it receives in Olympic circles, is a result of the increasing possibilities for reward and the heightened value placed on winning in contemporary society; however, this episode reminds us that the tentacles of “rule bending” stretch back in time.
دراسات نسيجية على تطور نمو كبد الجرذان أثناء الحياة الجنينية
Authors: غيث ابتسام مفتاح , بوالحاج عبد السلام موسى , الغرباوي سعد محمد سعد , عبد العزيـــز عبد الله
Published: May 2023

تم في هذا البحث دراسة تطور نمو كبد الجرذان البيضاء أثناء الحياة الجنينية ، واستخدم عدد 39 جنين جرذ بدءاً من عمر 9 أيام حتى 21 يوم .

بدأ الرتج الكبدي في الظهور في اليوم الحادي عشر من الحياة الجنينية على هيئة انبعاج أنبوبي أخذ شكل حرف T وامتد داخل ميزودرم الحاجز المستعرض . وقد تكاثرت الخلايا الظهارية المبطنة لهذا الرتج في الأجزاء الجانبية للشكل T ونمت كبراعم غير منتظمة برزت داخل النسيج الميزودرمي المكون للحاجز المستعرض . وعند عمر جنيني 12 يوم بدأت هذه البراعم الخلوية في التشكل والنمو لتكون خلايا المتن الكبدي البدائي التي امتدت في صورة كتل وحبال قصيرة متداخلة لتؤلف شبكة تحصر بينها أحيازاً دموية . وفي اليوم 13 ازدادت الحبال والكتل الخلوية في الكثافة واستحوذت على ميزودرم الحاجز المستعرض .

بدأ تمايز أشباه الجيوب الدموية البدائية في أجنة الجرذان عمر 12 يوم على هيئة أحياز دموية غير منتظمة . وعند عمر جنيني 13 يوم ظهرت مبطنة بخلايا بطانية بدائية . وكلما كبر عمر الجنين كلما ازدادت أشباه الجيوب الدموية تمايزاً ووضوحاً .

ظهرت الخلايا المكونة لعناصر الدم عند عمر جنيني 12 يوم . وفي الأجنة عمر 13 يوم ازدادت هذه الخلايا مع تقدم العمر الجنيني حتى نهاية فترة الحمل وملأت أشباه الجيوب الدموية . كما ظهرت أيضاً على هيئة تجمعات خلوية خارج أشباه الجيوب الدموية . ومع تقدم العمر الجنيني أخذت هذه الخلايا في التزايد المستمر حتى نهاية فترة الحمل
دراسات نسيجية كيميائية وفسيولوجية على كبد الجرذان أثناء الحياة الجنينية وبعد الولادة
Authors: بوالحاج عبد السلام موسى , غيث ابتسام مفتاح محمد , الغرباوي سعد محمد سعد , الدرسي إبراهيم سالم حسين
Published: May 2023

تم في هذا البحث دراسة تطور نمو كبد الجرذان البيضاء أثناء الحياة الجنينية وبعد الولادة . واستخدم عدد 39 جنين جرذ بدءاً من عمر 9 أيام حتى 21 يوم قبل الولادة ، وعدد 39 جرذ ترواحت أعمارها بين عمر يوم واحد حتى 4 أشهر بعد الولادة .

بينت نتائج التفاعلات النسيجية الكيميائية ؛ تفاعل الخلايا الكبدية بالإيجاب مع صبغة حمض شيف البيرأيودي بدءاً من العمر 20 يوم في الأجنة . وازدادت شدة هذا التفاعل بتقدم العمر الجنيني وبعد الولادة أيضاً؛ بينما كان تفاعل هذه الخلايا سلبياً مع كل من صبغة الألسيان الأزرق و الألدهايد فوكسين أثناء الحياة الجنينية وبعد الولادة . بدأت حبيبات الجليكوجين في الظهور في الخلايا الكبدية في اليوم الأخير من الحياة داخل رحمية . ووجد أن هذه الحبيبات تتناقص في الكمية والكثافة في الأجزاء الداخلية للكبد كلما ابتعدنا عن المحفظة . وبعد الولادة ازدادت حبيبات الجليكوجين سمكاً وانتشاراً في كل من أطراف الكبد وأجزائه المركزية . كما بينت الدراسة أنه لا يوجد تغير في تركيز الألبومين في الأعمار المدروسة
حصر ودراسة لبكتيريا تبقع الأوراق على أشجار اللوز الحلو في منطقة الجبل الأخضر
Authors: انصيرة فوزية مفتاح , المسماري فتحي سعد , بوغرسة عيسى
Published: May 2023

تبين من الدراسة أن أعراض التبقع البكتيري على هذه الأشجار يؤدي لسقوط أوراقها وموت الشجرة وإن البكتيريا المسببة لهذا المرض عصوية الشكل متحركة بسوط واحد قطبي ولها القدرة على إنتاج كبريتيد الهيدروجين .
وأشارت الدراسة أن هناك تفاوت في عدد الأشجار المصابة من سنة لأخرى وهناك فوارق معنوية ما بين المناطق المدروسة في نسبة الإصابة وأعلاها منطقة البيضاء بمتوسط (66.7) تليها منطقة الأبيار (62.3) وأقلها منطقة القبة (24.5) .
كما أشارت النتائج والتحاليل الإحصائية أن هناك اختلافات معنوية عالية مابين المناطق فى درجة الإصابة وعكست منطقة البيضاء أعلى درجة إصابة بمتوسط (79) تليها المرج وأقلها منطقة الفتائح (12) .
تقييم بعض أراضي منطقة قرنادة للاستخدام الزراعي
Authors: الخبولي محي الدين , علي عبد الباسط محمد , صالح صالح السنوسي
Published: May 2023

أجريت هذه الدراسة على بعض أراضي منطقة قرنادة بالجبل الأخضر – ليبيا خلال موسم 2005/2004 حيث تم جمع 21 عينة تربة وتم استخدام برنامج Micro LEIS لتقييم بعض الأراضي الزراعية من حيث قدرتها الإنتاجية ومدى ملائمتها لبعض المحاصيل الزراعية . وأوضحت نتائج تقييم القدرة الإنتاجية أن أرض منطقة الدراسة تقع ضمن الدرجة الثالثة (S3) وغير الملائمة (N) وكانت أهم المعوقات التعرية والميل والمناخ الحيوي ، وعند تقييم الأراضي لبيان مدى ملائمتها للاستخدامات المختلفة لكل من محاصيل القمح ، الذرة ، البطيخ ، الخوخ ، الزيتون ، وجد أن أبرز المحددات المؤثرة هي القوام ، كربونات الكالسيوم وتطور القطاع . وتم استخدام برنامج Arc View GIS 3.2 لنظم المعلومات الجغرافية لربط المعلومات المتحصل عليها حقلياً ومعملياً ومكتبياً مع مواقعها المكانية (الجغرافية) من أجل إنتاج خرائط للقدرة الإنتاجية وخرائط للاستخدام الأمثل لأراضي منطقة الدراسة
Evaluation of the Performance of the Roraya I Irrigation Network in Baito District in South Konawe Regency
Authors: Didi Saputra Eka , Lakawa Irwan , Sulaiman Sulaiman , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin
Published: May 2023

Development and management of irrigation networks requires good infrastructure so that it will support increased food production, improve community welfare and optimize the use of water resources. The purpose of the study was to analyze the performance of the physical infrastructure irrigation system in the Roraya I Irrigation Area, and to analyze the handling of the physical infrastructure irrigation system performance in the Roraya I Irrigation Area The results of the analysis of the performance of irrigation networks on physical infrastructure are lacking and need attention, with a weight value of 59.44%, and for handling irrigation networks on physical infrastructure in the form of maintenance that is heavy repair or replacement
Study Of Concrete Mixture Using Sea Sand With Fresh Water and Sea Water Cure
Authors: Arsyad Febriansyah , Lakawa Irwan , Ilham Vickky Anggara , Hakiman Hakiman
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study was to (1) analyze the characteristics of fresh concrete mixed with sea sand (2) to analyze the compressive strength of sea sand concrete with fresh water and sea water curing. In this study, the specimens used were 21 cylinders with a job mix design plan of f'c 25 MPa with a curing duration of 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days. At the age of 7 and 14 days the compressive strength of fresh water curing was 30.29 MPa and 33.12 MPa higher than seawater curing 29.02 MPa and 32.13 MPa, while at 28 days the compressive strength of seawater curing was 37. 08 MPa compared to fresh water curing of 33.97 MPa. Sea sand concrete has a very good quality compared to normal concrete and sea sand can be used in construction projects by taking into account the specifications in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).
Analysis Of Work Delay In Slum Quality Improvement Project Puday-Lapulu
Authors: Ardika Made , Sufrianto Sufrianto , Hujiyanto Hujiyanto , Hawa Sitti
Published: May 2023

A construction project is an activity that aims to build facilities and infrastructure within the planned timeframe. The project can be defined as an organized effort or activity that uses the available budget and resources that must be achieved to achieve important goals, objectives, and expectations using the existing budget and resources, which must be completed within the planned timeframe so that the project does not experience delays. The purpose of this study was to determine how much work delays, the factors that cause work delays and how much influence the delay factors have on work delays in the Puday- Lapulu Slums Quality Improvement Project.

The results of this study indicate the value of SV is Rp. (- 8.25 %) While the value of SPI < 1 is 0.896 < 1, based on the criteria for the value of SV and SPI, it can be said that the work is late and has poor performance. Factors that influence delays are aspects of labor and materials. While the large influence of delay factors on work delays that is 10,9 %.
On the Minkowski content of self-similar random homogeneous iterated function systems
Authors: Troscheit Sascha
Published: May 2023

The Minkowski content of a compact set is a fine measure of its geometric scaling. For Lebesgue null sets it measures the decay of the Lebesgue measure of epsilon neighbourhoods of the set. It is well known that self-similar sets, satisfying reasonable separation conditions and non-log commensurable contraction ratios, have a well-defined Minkowski content. When dropping the contraction conditions, the more general notion of average Minkowski content still exists. For random recursive self-similar sets the Minkowski content also exists almost surely, whereas for random homogeneous self-similar sets it was recently shown by Zähle that the Minkowski content exists in expectation.

In this short note we show that the upper Minkowski content, as well as the upper average Minkowski content of random homogeneous self-similar sets is infinite, almost surely, answering a conjecture posed by Zähle. Additionally, we show that in the random homogeneous equicontractive self-similar setting the lower Minkowski content is zero and the lower average Minkowski content is also infinite. These results are in stark contrast to the random recursive model or the mean behaviour of random homogeneous attractors.
Interrupções no ambiente hospitalar e cultura organizacional
Authors: Callefi Jéssica Syrio , De Souza Lima Nathalya , Arguelho da Silva Karoline , Costa Melo Isotilia
Published: May 2023

Diversos estudos buscaram soluções para diminuir a ocorrência de interrupções no ambiente hospitalar, contudo, ainda pouco se sabe sobre o fenômeno e suas causas, uma vez que, pesquisas científicas tratam as consequências de interrupções com maior ênfase. Interrupções no trabalho são classificadas como causa de estresse grave entre profissionais de enfermagem, aumenta a probabilidade de esquecimento de intenções iniciais, intensifica a irritabilidade e diminui a satisfação no trabalho. Este estudo tem como proposta compreender as interrupções por meio das características da Cultura Organizacional de hospitais. Utilizou-se a Revisão Sistemática da Literatura como procedimento metodológico. As bases utilizadas foram a Web of Science e o Pubmed. A amostra final compreendeu 32 artigos. Os resultados mostram que é possível gerenciar as interrupções por meio da gestão do perfil cultural da organização hospitalar, tendo em vista que as interrupções podem impactar de forma positiva ou negativa no trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem.
Bem-estar subjetivo e saúde mental de professores universitários em seu local de trabalho
Authors: Souza Silva Mary Dayane , Roazzi Antonio
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo buscou investigar como dois elementos do bem-estar subjetivo (satisfação com a vida e afetos positivos e negativos) se relacionam com a saúde mental de professores universitários em seu local de trabalho. A amostra foi constituída por 176 professores pertencentes às instituições de ensino superior públicas (IES) das áreas de Ciências Sociais, Exatas, Humanas e da Saúde. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta a Escala de Bem-estar subjetivo (EBES), e a Escala de Saúde Mental - SF36. Com relação a parte analítica foram realizadas estatística descritiva, correlações e análise de regressão múltiplas. Os resultados mostram que a satisfação geral com a vida dos professores está relacionada tanto com à saúde quanto com a vitalidade e os afetos positivos e, que os fatores sociodemográficos não apresentaram associações significativas com as variáveis em estudo. Ademais, observou-se que não houve associação positiva dos afetos negativos com a satisfação com a vida e com a saúde mental dos professores em seu local de trabalho.
OSH and the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cooney Sean , Pasqualeto Olívia de Quintana Figueiredo , Radoslavova Tzvetomira , Spieler Emily , Jiménez Iván Williams ,   International Labour Organization. Research Department
Published: May 2023

This study provides an analysis of how occupational safety and health (OSH) regulation responded to the circumstances of key workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. It explains the objectives of OSH regulation, including its main elements and how it has evolved over time. It draws from national country studies to explain how different jurisdictions address safety and health in their regulatory frameworks and how these frameworks operate in practice, including during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Determinants of Technical Inefficiency in Wheat Production: An Application of the Stochastic Frontier Model - Nigeria
Authors: Bashir A B , Ali I M , Togun O M , Jibrin S A
Published: May 2023

This study examined wheat farming technical efficiency, its determinants and wheat production constraints among wheat farmers in the wheat producing states of Nigeria. The study did not cover Borno and Yobe wheat producing states due to volatile insecurity situation in the areas. Primary data were obtained from 866 farmers using proportionate selection from the states list of farmers. A structured questionnaire and interview schedule were administered to the farmers to collect data for the study. A Stochastic frontier model was used to capture wheat production efficiency and its determinants while, Likert scale was employed to reveal severity of wheat production constraints among farmers in the study area. Land size, quantity of seed planted, quantity of NPK fertilizer applied, quantity of Urea fertilizer applied and labour used in man-day were found to be positive and statistically significant. The most severe constraints affecting wheat production in the study area were poor access to credit, lack of dependable wheat market outlay, and access to improved and quality seed among others. There should be adequate incentives (timely supply of improved wheat seed, fertilizer and irrigation facilities at affordable prices.
A Systematic Review of Energy Demand, Technology, and Efficiency Nexus: Implications for Bangladeshi Food Processing Industry
Authors: Hossain Md. Julhaz , Pk Uzzal Ali
Published: May 2023

Designing energy efficiency strategies for industries is predicted to be challenging. Energy is not always efficiently utilized in energy-intensive industries due to various issues, notably technology and equipment. Therefore, through a systematic review, this study aims to investigate the relationship between energy demand, technological breakthroughs, and efficiencies, with implications for the food processing industry of Bangladesh. The study utilizes the Scopus database to perform a systematic evidence search, screening, and finally selection of articles for literature review between the years 2010 and 2022. From a total of 1253 initially searched articles, 10 were selected for final review. According to the reviewed literature, energy demand in the food processing industry is expected to surge in the future, which is influenced by various factors. To tackle the challenges, deploying energy-saving technologies could be a strategy for energy conservation, enhancing efficiency and strengthening organizational growth, profitability and sustainability.
Directions Of Rehabilitation of Patients Who Have Suffered Injuries of The Musculoskeletal System
Authors: Sokurova Milana , Yumashev A , Dzhamaldaeva Iman , kyzy Gulira , Sagalova Makka , Korchagina Vera
Published: May 2023

The paper studies the directions of rehabilitation of patients who have suffered injuries of the musculoskeletal system.
The author notes that rehabilitation of patients after injuries of the musculoskeletal system is a complex and multifaceted
process that includes many approaches and techniques. Each patient has his own individual picture of the damage, so the
approach to his treatment and rehabilitation should be individual and comprehensive. Modern rehabilitation methods,
such as virtual reality, robotics, transcranial magnetic stimulation, Internet of Things technologies, stem cells and three-dimensional printing, provide new opportunities for effective rehabilitation of patients after injuries of the
musculoskeletal system. However, it is important to remember that each of these methods has its advantages and
disadvantages, and the choice of method should be based on the individual characteristics of the patient. In addition,
psychological support and support of the relatives are equally important components of the rehabilitation process. It must
be remembered that the process of recovery after injury of the musculoskeletal system can be long and difficult, and the
support of others can significantly improve the quality of life of the patient and speed up the rehabilitation process.
Pierre Michon, La Grâce ou l’hystérie du signe absolu
Authors: Roussille Frédéric
Published: May 2023

Chez Saint Paul, la grâce est l’événement qui, sur le chemin de Damas, met fin au régime de la rétribution et conditionne le don comme forme du salut. Or, dans Rimbaud le fils (1991), Michon évoque l’auteur du Bateau ivre se faisant tirer le portrait par Carjat et suggère que la plaque photographique occupe, dans l’espèce de théologie sécularisée qui s’invente au xixe siècle, la même fonction que le Suaire de Turin dans le christianisme de cette époque : elle atteste une incarnation ; le poète moderne serait celui qui, faisant signe sans désigner rien de déterminé, à son tour connaîtrait la grâce. Dans cette conception de la poésie, en effet, le signe est donné pour rien, le mouvement métaphorique de la signification étant comme interrompu. La poésie mimerait alors l’incarnation dans le sens où, faisant signe, le poète occulterait ce père absent vers lequel il affecte de ne plus faire signe, sa présence de fils monopolisant désormais la scène entière. L’écriture de Michon à la fois exalte et démystifie le subterfuge rimbaldien, lequel serait moins gracieux qu’il ne viserait un effet de grâce auquel Rimbaud lui-même aurait succombé.
Characterising and Modelling Urban Freight in Developing Economies
Authors: Kebede Reda Abel
Published: May 2023

Urban freight systems in developing countries present significant challenges due to their complexity. Authorities often have inadequate institutional structures, making it difficult to identify and implement relevant initiatives. This thesis aims to characterise the systems in developing economies and model freight demand using innovative approaches by considering new attributes, dimensions and alternatives. As a first modelling step, freight (trip) generation was improved by considering spatial and locational determinants, as freight activities are strongly related to spatial and locational characteristics of establishments. Spatial models were developed using a combined spatial autoregressive model (SAR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) or multiscale GWR (MGWR) (GWR/MGWR-SAR model). This model accounted for non-linearity, spatial heterogeneity and spatial dependency and demonstrated significant improvements (R2 0.29-0.71, RMSE reduced by 71% and AIC value by 56%). Shipment size decisions related to the choice of truck type were strongly timedependent, with commodity type, activities at the trip end, truck body type and industry sector affecting the preferences. Freight demand, including shipment size choices, was influenced by economic fluctuations, with shipment size declining after an economic slowdown. In freight demand modelling, it is imperative to consider economic conditions, especially those in developing countries, which are often susceptible to strong economic fluctuations. The models were applied in ex ante testing of a policy restricting large trucks from entering a city centre, as commonly considered in many developing countries. In tests, the truck restriction was accompanied by single-tier and two-tier distribution systems. The results showed that the two-tier system had a slight advantage over the single-tier system regarding operational expenditure and emission levels. Truck restriction was generally counterproductive, even when accompanied by distribution systems with greater speed and efficiency. We conclude that the models enhance the accurate prediction of freight demand patterns. The ex ante evaluation of policy alternatives supports the decision-making process for urban freight systems of large cities in developing economies. The models allow considering relevant practical, local contextual conditions.
TERREIRO DE CANDOMBLÉ AXÉ ILÊ OBÁ: PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL DA CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Queiroz Eunice Gonçalves , Cunha Junior Henrique
Published: May 2023

A realidade histórica e as imagens reais e mentais que produzimos da cidade se configuram como fatos de direito a cidade. Direito enquanto jurídico, direito enquanto fato social das relações entre os grupos sociais. Religiões de matriz africana, os terreiros de candomblé e umbanda são fatos da realidade urbana da cidade de São Paulo que não se encontram impresso nas imagens da cidade. As identidades sociais e a cidadania se formam através das imagens produzidas. Os patrimônios culturais exercem um papel importante na formação das identidades individuais, coletivas e urbanas, sendo esse um fator importante para a educação e para produção da cidadania. São Paulo produziu uma imagem mental da cidade dos italianos e dos japoneses excluindo a população negra da produção da cidade. O artigo retoma a discussão da representação e da inclusão dos terreiros de candomblé na imagem da cidade de São Paulo tendo como exemplo o terreiro Axé Ilê Obá, no período de 1984 à 2014, quando da gestão da Ialorixá Mãe Sylvia de Oxalá. Reverenciando na atualidade a orientação de Mãe Paula de Inhasã, para qual os autores tomam a benção.
Opening New Paths to Technology Transfer: Open Science, Intellectual Property, and Technology Transfer
Authors: Roskams-Edris Dylan
Published: May 2023

I help Canadian neuroscience research institutes create and adopt an institute-level approach to open science. Inevitably, I end up talking to researchers, administrators, academic commercialization offices, and businesses about open science, intellectual property (IP), and technology transfer.
CITIZENS-INDIGENES AND SETTLERS DICHOTOMY AS PROMOTED BY GOVERNMENT: CAUSES AND IMPLICATIONS ON PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: O Okorie Cornelius , C. Arua Christopher , Nnaji Fidelis , Iwuala Harrison , Nwankwo Felix
Published: May 2023

The crises associated with Citizens-Indigenes and Settlers dichotomy (C-ISD) in Nigeria has been on the increase. Governments’ actions and or inactions often exacerbate the age-long social relationship amongst people that have lived together for years, a tendency that reflect in many aspects of the people’s lives, including Public Organizations (POs) established to provide basic services to the people. Recently, where superiority of the concepts is experimented, government’s meddlesomeness has led to the low performance of such organizations. The general causes and consequences of this ugly practice on POs need to be identified in other that the constitution will address them. By using an eclectic approach for data generation and analysis with field works in two states that were purposively/regionally selected within North and South regions in Nigeria, this paper identified the causes, consequences and how government promoted the dichotomy in Public Organizations in Nigeria. We further employed documentary method for data collation while content analysis and narrative analytical technique were adopted. Given that issues relating C-ISD is one of the key problems that work against output performance POs, we recommend that the 1999 Constitution be amended immediately, perpetrators of the dichotomy be punished and that the federal character principle be replaced with more robust ideas that would make POs productive.
TRAINING AND FOSTERING PHILOLOGY TEACHERS IN VIETNAM TO MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE NEW PROGRAM
Authors: Thi Ngoc Tran , Diep Hoang , Kien Tho Nguyen , Tuyet Lan Do Thi
Published: May 2023

Entering the 21st century, due to the rapid development of society, continuous and unpredictable changes, the role of education has received more attention and investment attention from countries than ever before to prepare the young generation to face and stand up to the challenges of life. Changing, renovating, improving programs, and even reforming education have been carried out by many countries. In 2018, Vietnam's general education program was rebuilt after more than 12 years of implementing the old program (in 2006), including Philology. To meet the new requirements of the general education program, pedagogical students and teachers of Philology in Vietnam need to be trained and fostered to acquire the following competencies: reading comprehension and text creation, teaching reading comprehension and text creation, testing and assessing the results of studying Philology.
ACADEMIC MATURITY OF PRIVATE SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS IN HANDLING BASIC EDUCATION
Authors: Garcia- Contreras Josephine F
Published: May 2023

Everyone is entitled to be educated regardless of one’s race, religion, or wherever country an individual originated. Everybody must be given an equal opportunity to participate in and benefit from public education. It is one of the human rights that should be enjoyed by everyone and shall be made accessible to all. In Batas Pambansa 232, it is stipulated that the government should secure basic education that will offer the fullest possible development of each learner to live morally, creatively, and productively and opens avenues for opportunities to every individual in uplifting the quality of his life and to possess key for self-advancement not merely for own selfimprovement but to contribute to national development.
A STUDY OF THE UNIQUE NARRATIVE STRATEGIES IN NEW IMMIGRANT WRITERS IN NORTH AMERICA——A CASE STUDY ON GOLDEN HILL
Authors: Hu Wenjie
Published: May 2023

New immigrant writers in North America have shown their unique artistic charm in both the expression of themes and the use of narrative strategies. Starting from the unique narrative strategy of new immigrant writers in North America, this study takes Zhang Ling’s novel, Golden Hill, as an example, and explores the unique charm of narrative techniques from three aspects: narrative perspective, narrative clues, and narrative imagery. The transformation of multiple narrative perspectives in Zhang Ling’s novels further expands the narrative perspective, skillfully blending the span of time and space; The double-line narrative structure of time and space clarifies the narrative threads, expands the capacity of the novel, and contains the author’s understanding of the world, life and art. The rich narrative imagery embodies the spirit of the work, and the narrative function can also loosen the context of the text and run through the narrative structure. Through the analysis of the narrative strategy of Golden Hill, the aesthetic characteristics of narrative strategy of North American newcomer literature are further displayed.
TEXTUAL ACCOUNT OF THE CUSTOMARY ORIKO LOVE FEAST AND REUNIFICATION RITES PERFORMED IN OGBAKIRI CLAN OF EMOHUA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA; MAY, 2002
Authors: Christopher O Dr. Agwu , Wizoma Matthew Dr. Ogeh Obitor
Published: May 2023

This study applied the reflective observation method on the video documentary of the customary Oriko- love feast and reunification rites of Ogbakiri to identify segments of the critical customary activities that reconciled and reunited the people of Ogbakiri after a period of four years conflict. A review of the interactions during critical customary activities served to identify particular customary peace revival activities and the performers while the interviews provided the perceptions of the people of Ogbakiri- Wezina concerning their new found peace. The study concludes that the customary Oriko- love feast is a cogent tool of conflict resolution and the enthronement of permanent peace in Ikwerre community or society.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF LIVELIHOOD PRACTICES AMONG THE GARO COMMUNITY: A STUDY ON TANGAIL DISTRICT
Authors: Billah Md. Masum
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on the Garo ethnic group, which is among the most neglected indigenous people in Bangladesh. The study aims to understand their livelihood pattern from the past to the present and to identify the factors that have led to changes in their livelihood. The research was carried out among the Garo community residing in the Madhupur pazila located in the Tangail district of Bangladesh. The study used both historical and exploratory data, with historical data being obtained from secondary sources such as books, journals, reports, and census data. The study used qualitative research methods and selected 13 Garo people through purposive sampling. The study found that Garo's traditional way of life is under threat, and they are adopting a completely new way of life due to various internal and external factors such as Christianity, NGOs, globalization, and social development. As a result, their traditional culture, including language, food habits, dress patterns, and religion, is under threat. The study also revealed that the Garo people face various problems such as health, sanitation, communication, electricity, and security. They need better transportation systems, more educational facilities, easy communication and government and non-governmental assistance in terms of material and financial support.
Determination of median nerve conduction velocity and F-wave minimal latency to diagnose early onset of diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Sarkar Aparna , Paul Sohini , Chauhan Meenakshi
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by many abnormalities and leads to long term complications like diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy causes symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction. Sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV), distal sensory latency and F-waves minimal latency of median nerve are important parameters of electro diagnosis for early detection of diabetic neuropathy. The objective of the study was to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the sensory nerve conduction velocity and F-wave minimal latency of median nerve in diabetic subjects in early detection of diabetic neuropathy. Thirty subjects recruited for the study were divided into group A comprising of healthy subjects (n=10, age: 62.70±10.49 years) and group B consisting of diabetic subjects (n=20, age: 68.05±6.44 years). NICOLET VIKING QUEST instrument was used for the nerve conduction velocity test. SNCV of the median nerve significantly decreased in diabetic subject when compared with control group. However, the F-wave minimal latency was not specific and sensitive over SNCV to diagnose early diabetic neuropathy in clinically asymptomatic patients. We concluded that sensory nerve conduction velocity was much more sensitive and specific than F-wave minimal latency to detect early diabetic neuropathy.
Effects of ethanol on testis: A histopathological study in adult rats
Authors: Ghosh Buddhadeb , Sharma Ravi Kant , Yadav Suman
Published: May 2023

Chronic alcohol consumption leads to many dysfunctions in the reproductive system. The pathological changes in the testis is depends on the level and duration of alcohol consumption. The purpose of the present study was to find out the histopathological changes in the testis in chronic ethanol exposure. Adult rats were divided into control (C) and ethanol treated (E) groups eight animal each. The rats in group E were exposed to ethanol 1gm/kg body weight for three months after due approval from the institutional animal ethics committee. After the exposure period, testes were processed for light microscopic examination. Ethanol treated rats showed loss of normal distribution of spermatogenic cells in the seminiferous tubules and few fragmented sperms in the lumen. Most of the tubules showed that the germ layers were detached from the basal lamina. It has been suggested that ethanol induced the degeneration of spermatogenic cells in the testis.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF TANNINS EXTRACT FROM ALOE SAPONARIA
Authors: BENZIDIA Bouchra , Barbouchi Mohammed , Rehioui Malak , Hammouch Hind , Ghandi Mohammed , Ait Daoud Naima , Badrane Narjis , Belahbib Nadia , HAJJAJI Najat
Published: May 2023

The objective of this work was to study the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of tannins extract of Aloe saponaria (TEAS). The Aloe saponaria (syn. Aloe maculata) is a succulent plant belonging to the Xanthorrhoeaceae family, this succulent plant native to South Africa was introduced in Morocco as an ornamental plant, rustic and easy to grow. In order to ensure this, morphological and histological study method of the species, phytochemical screening, characterization of TEAS by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the study of antioxidant activity by two methods (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays) were examined. The results of phytochemical screening indicated that the Aloe saponaria leaf was rich of alkaloids, tannins catechics, flavonoids, sterols, triterpenes, oses, holosides, mucilages and reducing sugars. In addition, the main constituents of TEAS identified by GC/MS analysis were Linolenic acid (32.22%), Palmitic acid (17.42%), and Phytol (11.30%). Regarding antioxidant activity, the TEAS showed a significant antioxidant effect.
MOLECULAR MODELING AND DOCKING ANALYSIS OF SWINEFLU (H1N1) NEURAMINIDASE PROTEIN AGAINST THE PHYTOCHEMICALS OF ANDROGRAPHIS PANICULATA
Authors: Sowmya Hary , Setti Sudharshan Meenambiga
Published: May 2023

Background: Swine flu has become a life-threatening disease involving two main proteins neuraminidase (NA) and hemagglutinin (HA). Inhibition of NA, the protein responsible for initiation of viral infection is the important treatment step in the eradication of swine flu. In silico analysis of natural compounds for swine flu treatment serves as a lead for drug development.
Objective: The aim of this study is to obtain the 3 dimensional structure of Swine flu (HIN1) virus NA protein and to perform docking analysis to identify major residues involved in the binding of agonist and antagonist.
Methods: H1N1 NA protein structure was predicted using the principles of homology modeling using Swiss model. The predicted protein structure was then subjected to docking studies with phytocompounds from Andrographis paniculata using Autodock 4.2 tools. A total of 16 compounds were tested for Lipinski’s rule and molecules which satisfied Lipinski’s rule were subjected to docking analysis against NA protein of H1N1.
Results: Homology modeling is widely used structure prediction method for the proteins with no known experimental structures. In this study, the structure of NA protein was predicted using Swiss model. The protein was energy minimized using Swiss PDB Viewer and the final energy of the protein obtained was -87624.516 KJ/Mol. The predicted model was then subjected to docking studies. The compounds showed a binding energy in the range of -2.31 kcal/mol to -8.61 kcal/mol. The control drug Ostelmivir showed a binding energy of -3.35 kcal/mol.
Conclusion: The structure of H1N1 NA was predicted using the principles of homology modeling. The docking results showed that andrograpanin and neoandrographolide were found to have binding energies of -8.61 kcal/mol and -7.39 kcal/mol respectively. These compounds showed good inhibitory effect by binding to the active site of the protein. The identified plant-based compounds can be an alternative to chemically synthesized drug in treating swine flu. Hence, these compounds can be further considered for in vitro and in vivo evaluation against swine flu virus.
BIOACTIVITIES OF DIVERSE ENDOPHYTES ISOLATED FROM THE STEM BARK OF MORUS ALBA L.
Authors: Vora Jaykant , Sinha Sonam , Sharma Sonal , Srivastava Anshu , Shrivastava Neeta
Published: May 2023

Endophytes provide a plethora of potential substances that are used in modern medicine. There is an emergence of interest to discover potential compounds from endophytes due to their abundant availability from renewable sources, and low cost relative to chemically synthesized compounds. Studies have shown that Morus alba plant has potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Hence, in the present study we deals with the bioprospecting of endophytes of Morus alba. Stem bark of M. alba was collected from different regions of Gujarat. Total 13 bacteria and 14 fungal endophytes were isolated from the collected samples. Among 27 endophytic isolates, the extract of four isolates showed significant antibacterial activity with a diameter zone ranged from 8.0±0.0 to 22.33±1.262 mm with considerable minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. These four extracts also showed significant inhibition of reactive oxygen species in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols were present in these extracts which might be responsible for these bioactivities. Results of this study concluded that these endophytes isolated from the stem bark of Morus alba L. have an important bioactivities in vitro. These extracts may prove good candidate for the antibacterial and antioxidant agents and can be exploited in pharmaceuticals after further development.
ASPECTS OF MUSHROOMS AND THEIR EXTRACTS AS NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Authors: Agarwal Arzoo , Gupta Varsha , Yadav Ajar Nath , Sain Devki , Rahi Ravi Kant , Bera Sweta Parimita , Neelam Deepesh
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, multidrug antimicrobial resistance is a very common issue globally. Antimicrobial resistance is fueling the fire, and it has been noted that infectious disease incidence and deaths are rising throughout the world. Many pathogens have been reported to develop resistance to these synthetic and semi-synthetic drugs leading to minimized efficacy and resulting in substantial economic losses all over the world. A new approach for choosing natural extracts of plants and fungi as medicines and natural antibacterial agents has been developed to address this challenge. According to recent investigations and research, mushrooms and their extracts contain bioactive compounds that can be used as a natural antibacterial alternative against a number of bacterial species. In addition to having medical properties like antibacterial, anticancer, and antioxidant activity, mushrooms are a highly nutritious food source. The present study emphasized on the antimicrobial resistance, mechanisms and antibacterial properties of mushrooms.