bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilingual Language Teaching
Authors: Lister Ron
Published: November 2015

Since Amata Aboriginal school commenced late in 1968 we have followed a policy of respecting the wishes of the parents. One such wish was that their children learn to read and write their own language as well as learn to speak, read and write English: Hence, the policy regarding language teaching at Amata school stands: “to teach literacy in both languages.”

Basically, the means by which we attempt to meet the demands of this policy consist of beginning all instruction in and about Pitjantnatjara. Then, once a level of proficiency has been attained, (mainly a sound phonetical grasp of Pitjantjatjara) the particular child is moved to a class where instruction is almost entirely in and about English.

Thus, the infant grades’ language lessons are mainly Pitjantjatjara. We have been fortunate in the past to have a European teacher who could, before two years in the area, speak Pitjantjatjara fluently. She could, thereby, teach the infant children about Pitjantjatjara.

Now we have Aboriginal teacher aides who are doing the same job, with a European teacher as part of the teaching team.

Once a child is proficient in Pitjantjatjara the next move is into grade 3 where European teachers, with the assistance of an aide, take over the child’s instruction. In fact, by this stage, the child has attained a few phrases of English speech and can write some basic words.

Presently, the grade 3’s (for want of a better title) range in age from nine to sixteen years, and are divided into a class for boys and a separate class for girls, this being the expressed desire of the boys. It is mainly the grade 3 boys’ class which will be discussed here. However, most of what is mentioned is also applicable to the class of girls.
The Education of Aboriginal Children
Authors: egens P.
Published: November 2015

I feel rather diffident in opening this topic as there are some of you who are far more experienced in this field than I am.

I think that, in talking about the Aboriginal people, some basic premises should be stated first. The Aboriginal people had a highly developed tribal system and a much higher ethical structure than the white man has. By contrast, an excellent study of Australian values is contained in a book by Ronald Conway, a Melbourne Psychologist, called The Great Australian Stupor. His equation of the Australian value system is as follows:

Material Wealth = Pleasure = Happiness= Reason for Living.

He writes –

Whereas the Aboriginal trod his enchanted earth for centuries on tip-toe, leaving the delicate balance of nature of a tired continent intact, the white settler preferred to greet the touchiness of Australian climate and soil with a murderous impatience.

When the white man came to this continent he took the best land for agricultural purposes. He broke up the tribal system so that the Aboriginal people were left leaderless and landless. Now we expect, in our schools and other aspects of our society, that the Aboriginal people will bridge the gap to a super-industrial civilization (with its questionable value system) in two or three generations.
8 mm. Film Project
Authors: Russo C.
Published: November 2015

Mr. Russo from Yalata has written about a project which he is initiating at his school; one two-minute movie film has already been made. Other teachers might like to follow his lead.

Basically my idea was to take a movie of certain aspects of the present way of life of the Yalata people with some reference to the past. Examples include:

– life stories of noted people,

– carving boomerangs and wombats,

– cooking of different foods.

It was envisaged that the films would be taken by me initially and perhaps by the people and children themselves, after some teaching in night classes in movie taking.

It was felt essential that agreement of the School Council be obtained before the project was undertaken and that final edited film should be presented to the Mission and School Councils for preview, review and a final decision about its distribution. The people should not only be informed and participate but also be given the opportunity to take some (if not all) of the responsibility for the presentation of the material.

With the permission of the Superintendent and two Aboriginal people a short two minute movie film was made. It was divided into two parts. The first part concerned David Edwards, a Reserve foreman and his work and the other showed Mervyn Day, an Aide in the school, taking a craft class.

To further aid my presentation before the School Council and the community (shown at a local film evening) an English and Pitjantjatjara dialogue made with the help of Mervyn Day was played.
Rough Rock Demonstration School – Can We Learn Anything?
Authors: Amery David
Published: November 2015

Several readers of the Journal have asked for reports on overseas projects which would be of interest in Australia. Mr. Amery agreed to provide such a report on the Bough Rock Demonstration School in Arizona. Rough Rock has been cited as one of the most dramatic attempts “to achieve community control in a school serving a disadvantaged, largely uneducated minority”.
Conditional Beliefs of Primary-Care Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression
Authors: Burrage Alex , Green Samantha , Turner Katrina , Kuyken Willem , Williams Chris , Wiles Nicola , Lewis Glyn
Published: November 2015

Background:Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) aims to reframe underlying conditional beliefs that are thought to maintain depression.Aim:To systematically explore conditional beliefs expressed by primary-care based patients with TRD, defined as non-response to at least 6 weeks of antidepressants.Method:Conditional beliefs (stated in an “If. . .then. . .” format) were extracted from a random sample of 50 sets of therapist notes from the CoBalT trial, a large randomized controlled trial of CBT for TRD in primary care. The beliefs were separated into their two constituent parts; the demands (Ifs) and consequences (thens). An approach based on framework analysis provided a systematic way of organizing the data, and identifying key themes.Results:Four main themes emerged from the demand part of the conditional beliefs (Ifs): 1. High standards; 2. Putting others first/needing approval; 3. Coping; and 4. Hiding “true” self. Three main themes emerged from the consequence part of the conditional beliefs (thens): 1. Defectiveness; 2. Responses of others; 3. Control of emotions.Conclusions: Identifying common themes in the conditional beliefs of patients with TRD adds to our clinical understanding of this client group, providing useful information to facilitate the complex process of collaborative case conceptualization and working with conditional beliefs within CBT interventions.
PRIMITIVE PRIME DIVISORS AND THE TH CYCLOTOMIC POLYNOMIAL
Authors: GLASBY S. P. , LÜBECK FRANK , NIEMEYER ALICE C. , PRAEGER CHERYL E.
Published: November 2015

Primitive prime divisors play an important role in group theory and number theory. We study a certain number-theoretic quantity, called $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{n}^{\ast }(q)$, which is closely related to the cyclotomic polynomial $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{n}(x)$ and to primitive prime divisors of $q^{n}-1$. Our definition of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{n}^{\ast }(q)$ is novel, and we prove it is equivalent to the definition given by Hering. Given positive constants $c$ and $k$, we provide an algorithm for determining all pairs $(n,q)$ with $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6F7}_{n}^{\ast }(q)\leq cn^{k}$. This algorithm is used to extend (and correct) a result of Hering and is useful for classifying certain families of subgroups of finite linear groups.
Patterns of Engagement and Non-Engagement of Young Fathers in Early Intervention and Safeguarding Work
Authors: Ferguson Harry
Published: November 2015

This article is based on research into early intervention and safeguarding work with young fathers. It draws on a study of the Family Nurse Partnership (FNP), a home visitation service in the UK that is offered to vulnerable teenage mothers. The research investigated whether and how such early intervention work was done with the fathers of these babies. Three broad patterns of engagement emerged from the research: (1) where fathers were fully engaged with the service straightaway and the relationship with the family nurse deepened over time; (2) where fathers were partially engaged with the service; and (3) where fathers were resentful at the outset and never stopped being resistant and sometimes hostile towards intervention. Within these broad patterns several nuanced aspects of professional-father relationships are identified, which are the product of the interaction of several factors. Some general implications for early intervention and safeguarding work with fathers and their babies are drawn out.
Impediments to contract enforcement in day labour markets: a perspective from India
Authors: NARAPARAJU KARTHIKEYA
Published: November 2015

In developing countries, lack of formal contract enforcement mechanisms is compensated by informal governance enforced through trust, kinship, reputation, etc. This paper focuses on one such setting in India's urban informal economy: the ‘day labour’ market for casual labour. We survey seven such markets in Navi Mumbai (a city on the outskirts of Mumbai), and find considerable incidence of contract enforcement problems in the form of employers reneging on wage payments to labourers. We find that payments to labourers with access to social networks and a record of work done are less likely to be reneged. Further, consistent with the literature on the limits of informal enforcement, we find that labourers in large markets, with greater linguistic and caste-based diversity, are more likely to be reneged. We argue that interventions aimed at facilitating access to formal mechanisms might help overcome some of the limitations with informal enforcement.
Reputation in the Internet black market: an empirical and theoretical analysis of the Deep Web
Authors: HARDY ROBERT AUGUSTUS , NORGAARD JULIA R.
Published: November 2015

This paper is an analysis of the role reputation plays in the Deep Web using data from the Internet black-market site, The Silk Road. This encrypted online marketplace employed cryptocurrency and functioned over the Tor network. Utilizing a modeling technique, informed by trade auction theory, we investigate the effect of seller reputation. Analysis of the seller's reputation gives us insights into the factors that determine the prices of goods and services in this black marketplace. Data on cannabis listings is parsed from the Silk Road website and covers an 11-month time period, from November 2013 to October 2014. This data demonstrates that reputation acts as a sufficient self-enforcement mechanism to allow transactions. These findings exemplify the robustness of spontaneous order with respect to the Deep Web as an emergent marketplace.
Researchers Track Underwater Avalanches Like Never Before
Authors: Sullivan Cody
Published: November 2015

Using beach ball–like detectors, researchers set out to determine how sediments, which could contain toxic contaminants, travel through submarine canyons to greater depths.
Total synthesis of palau’amine
Authors: Namba Kosuke , Takeuchi Kohei , Kaihara Yukari , Oda Masataka , Nakayama Akira , Nakayama Atsushi , Yoshida Masahiro , Tanino Keiji
Published: November 2015

Palau’amine has received a great deal of attention in the past two decades as an attractive synthetic target by virtue of its intriguing molecular architecture and significant immunosuppressive activity. Here we report the total synthesis of palau’amine characterized by the construction of an ABDE tetracyclic ring core including a trans-bicylo[3.3.0]octane skeleton at a middle stage of total synthesis. The ABDE tetracyclic ring core is constructed by a cascade reaction of a cleavage of the N–N bond, including simultaneous formation of imine, the addition of amide anion to the resulting imine (D-ring formation) and the condensation of pyrrole with methyl ester (B-ring formation) in a single step. The synthetic palau’amine is confirmed to exhibit excellent immunosuppressive activity. The present synthetic route has the potential to help elucidate a pharmacophore as well as the mechanistic details of immunosuppressive activity.
Photoinduced spontaneous free-carrier generation in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Park Jaehong , Reid Obadiah G. , Blackburn Jeffrey L. , Rumbles Garry
Published: November 2015

Strong quantum confinement and low dielectric screening impart single-walled carbon nanotubes with exciton-binding energies substantially exceeding kBT at room temperature. Despite these large binding energies, reported photoluminescence quantum yields are typically low and some studies suggest that photoexcitation of carbon nanotube excitonic transitions can produce free charge carriers. Here we report the direct measurement of long-lived free-carrier generation in chirality-pure, single-walled carbon nanotubes in a low dielectric solvent. Time-resolved microwave conductivity enables contactless and quantitative measurement of the real and imaginary photoconductance of individually suspended nanotubes. The conditions of the microwave conductivity measurement allow us to avoid the complications of most previous measurements of nanotube free-carrier generation, including tube–tube/tube–electrode contact, dielectric screening by nearby excitons and many-body interactions. Even at low photon fluence (approximately 0.05 excitons per μm length of tubes), we directly observe free carriers on excitation of the first and second carbon nanotube exciton transitions.
Intronic regulation of Aire expression by Jmjd6 for self-tolerance induction in the thymus
Authors: Yanagihara Toyoshi , Sanematsu Fumiyuki , Sato Tetsuya , Uruno Takehito , Duan Xuefeng , Tomino Takahiro , Harada Yosuke , Watanabe Mayuki , Wang Yuqing , Tanaka Yoshihiko , Nakanishi Yoichi , Suyama Mikita , Yoshinori Fukui
Published: November 2015

The thymus has spatially distinct microenvironments, the cortex and the medulla, where the developing T-cells are selected to mature or die through the interaction with thymic stromal cells. To establish the immunological self in the thymus, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) express diverse sets of tissue-specific self-antigens (TSAs). This ectopic expression of TSAs largely depends on the transcriptional regulator Aire, yet the mechanism controlling Aire expression itself remains unknown. Here, we show that Jmjd6, a dioxygenase that catalyses lysyl hydroxylation of splicing regulatory proteins, is critical for Aire expression. Although Jmjd6 deficiency does not affect abundance of Aire transcript, the intron 2 of Aire gene is not effectively spliced out in the absence of Jmjd6, resulting in marked reduction of mature Aire protein in mTECs and spontaneous development of multi-organ autoimmunity in mice. These results highlight the importance of intronic regulation in controlling Aire protein expression.
Identification of Reliable Components in Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS): a Data-Driven Approach across Metabolic Processes
Authors: Motegi Hiromi , Tsuboi Yuuri , Saga Ayako , Kagami Tomoko , Inoue Maki , Toki Hideaki , Minowa Osamu , Noda Tetsuo , Kikuchi Jun
Published: November 2015

There is an increasing need to use multivariate statistical methods for understanding biological functions, identifying the mechanisms of diseases and exploring biomarkers. In addition to classical analyses such as hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis, various multivariate strategies, including independent component analysis, non-negative matrix factorization and multivariate curve resolution, have recently been proposed. However, determining the number of components is problematic. Despite the proposal of several different methods, no satisfactory approach has yet been reported. To resolve this problem, we implemented a new idea: classifying a component as “reliable” or “unreliable” based on the reproducibility of its appearance, regardless of the number of components in the calculation. Using the clustering method for classification, we applied this idea to multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS). Comparisons between conventional and modified methods applied to proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectral datasets derived from known standard mixtures and biological mixtures (urine and feces of mice) revealed that more plausible results are obtained by the modified method. In particular, clusters containing little information were detected with reliability. This strategy, named “cluster-aided MCR-ALS,” will facilitate the attainment of more reliable results in the metabolomics datasets.
High specific selectivity and Membrane-Active Mechanism of the synthetic centrosymmetric α-helical peptides with Gly-Gly pairs
Authors: Wang Jiajun , Chou Shuli , Xu Lin , Zhu Xin , Dong Na , Shan Anshan , Chen Zhihui
Published: November 2015

We used a template-assisted approach to develop synthetic antimicrobial peptides, which differ from naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides that can compromise host natural defenses. Previous researches have demonstrated that symmetrical distribution patterns of amino acids contribute to the antimicrobial activity of natural peptides. However, there is little research describing such design ideas for synthetic α-helical peptides. Therefore, here, we established a centrosymmetric α-helical sequence template (y + hhh + y)n (h, hydrophobic amino acid; +, cationic amino acid; y, Gly or hydrophobic amino acid), which contributed to amphipathicity and a series of centrosymmetric peptides was designed with pairs of small amino acids (Ala and Gly), which were utilized to modulate the biological activity. The centrosymmetric peptides with 3 repeat units exhibited strong antimicrobial activity; in particular, the Gly-rich centrosymmetric peptide GG3 showed stronger selectivity for gram-negative bacteria without hemolysis. Furthermore, beyond our expectation, fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microscopy analyses indicated that the GG3, which possessed poor α-helix conformation, dramatically exhibited marked membrane destruction via inducing bacterial membrane permeabilization, pore formation and disruption, even bound DNA to further exert antimicrobial activity. Collectively, the Gly-rich centrosymmetric peptide GG3 was an ideal candidate for commercialization as a clinical therapeutic to treat gram-negative bacterial infections.
Biometamaterials: Black Ultrathin Gold Film Fabricated on Lotus Leaf
Authors: Ebihara Yuusuke , Ota Ryoichi , Noriki Takahiro , Shimojo Masayuki , Kajikawa Kotaro
Published: November 2015

We report on a black metamaterial of gold fabricated on a lotus leaf that was used as a template. In spite of the extremely thin gold coating (10-nm thick) on the lotus leaf, the surface shows reflectivity below 0.01 over the entire visible spectral range. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations suggest that the low reflectivity stems from the secondary structures on the lotus leaf, where randomly oriented nanorods are distributed.
Coevolutionary dynamics between tribe Cercopithecini tetherins and their lentiviruses
Authors: Takeuchi Junko S. , Ren Fengrong , Yoshikawa Rokusuke , Yamada Eri , Nakano Yusuke , Kobayashi Tomoko , Matsuda Kenta , Izumi Taisuke , Misawa Naoko , Shintaku Yuta , Wetzel Katherine S. , Collman Ronald G. , Tanaka Hiroshi , Hirsch Vanessa M. , Koyanagi Yoshio , Sato Kei
Published: November 2015

Human immunodeficiency virus, a primate lentivirus (PLV), causes AIDS in humans, whereas most PLVs are less or not pathogenic in monkeys. These notions suggest that the co-evolutionary process of PLVs and their hosts associates with viral pathogenicity and therefore, that elucidating the history of virus-host co-evolution is one of the most intriguing topics in the field of virology. To address this, recent studies have focused on the interplay between intrinsic anti-viral proteins, such as tetherin and viral antagonists. Through an experimental-phylogenetic approach, here we investigate the co-evolutionary interplay between tribeCercopithecinitetherin and viral antagonists, Nef and Vpu. We reveal that tribeCercopithecinitetherins are positively selected, possibly triggered by ancient Nef-like factor(s). We reconstruct the ancestral sequence of tribeCercopithecinitetherin and demonstrate that all Nef proteins are capable of antagonizing ancestralCercopithecinitetherin. Further, we consider the significance of evolutionary arms race between tribeCercopitheciniand their PLVs.
Systems biology-guided identification of synthetic lethal gene pairs and its potential use to discover antibiotic combinations
Authors: Aziz Ramy K. , Monk Jonathan M. , Lewis Robert M. , In Loh Suh , Mishra Arti , Abhay Nagle Amrita , Satyanarayana Chitkala , Dhakshinamoorthy Saravanakumar , Luche Michele , Kitchen Douglas B. , Andrews Kathleen A. , Fong Nicole L. , Li Howard J. , Palsson Bernhard O. , Charusanti Pep
Published: November 2015

Mathematical models of metabolism from bacterial systems biology have proven their utility across multiple fields, for example metabolic engineering, growth phenotype simulation and biological discovery. The usefulness of the models stems from their ability to compute a link between genotype and phenotype, but their ability to accurately simulate gene-gene interactions has not been investigated extensively. Here we assess how accurately a metabolic model forEscherichia colicomputes one particular type of gene-gene interaction, synthetic lethality and find that the accuracy rate is between 25% and 43%. The most common failure modes were incorrect computation of single gene essentiality and biological information that was missing from the model. Moreover, we performed virtual and biological screening against several synthetic lethal pairs to explore whether two-compound formulations could be found that inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. One set of molecules was identified that, depending on the concentrations, inhibitsE. coliandS. entericaserovar Typhimurium in an additive or antagonistic manner. These findings pinpoint specific ways in which to improve the predictive ability of metabolic models and highlight one potential application of systems biology to drug discovery and translational medicine.
Identification and functional analysis of novel FZD4 mutations in Han Chinese with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Fei Ping , Zhu Xiong , Jiang Zhilin , Ma Shi , Li Jing , Zhang Qi , Zhou Yu , Xu Yu , Tai Zhengfu , Zhang Lin , Huang Lulin , Yang Zhenglin , Zhao Peiquan , Zhu Xianjun
Published: November 2015

Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a hereditary eye disease characterized by defects in the development of retinal vessels. However, known genetic mutations can only explain approximately 50% of FEVR patients. To assess the mutation frequency of Frizzled 4 (FZD4) in Chinese patients, we analysed patients with FEVR from 61 families from China to identify mutations in FZD4 and to study the effects of identified mutations on FZD4 function. All coding exons and adjacent intronic regions of FZD4 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subjected to Sanger sequencing analysis. Three mutations in the FZD4 gene were identified in these families. Of these, two were novel mutations: p.E134* and p.T503fs. Both mutations involve highly conserved residues and were not present in 800 normal individuals. Each of these two novel FZD4 mutations was introduced into wild-type FZD4 cDNA by site-directed mutagenesis. Wild-type and mutant FZD4 DNAs were introduced into HEK293 cells to analyse the function of FZD4 in Norrin-dependent activation of the Norrin/β-catenin pathway using luciferase reporter assays. Both the p.E134* and p.T503fs mutants failed to induce luciferase reporter activity in response to Norrin. Our study identified two novel FZD4 mutations in Chinese patients with FEVR.
Effects and possible mechanisms of action of acacetin on the behavior and eye morphology of Drosophila models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Xue , Perumalsamy Haribalan , Kwon Hyung Wook , Na Young-Eun , Ahn Young-Joon
Published: November 2015

The human β-amyloid (Aβ) cleaving enzyme (BACE-1) is a target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treatments. This study was conducted to determine if acacetin extracted from the whole Agastache rugosa plant had anti-BACE-1 and behavioral activities in Drosophila melanogaster AD models and to determine acacetin’s mechanism of action. Acacetin (100, 300 and 500 μM) rescued amyloid precursor protein (APP)/BACE1-expressing flies and kept them from developing both eye morphology (dark deposits, ommatidial collapse and fusion and the absence of ommatidial bristles) and behavioral (motor abnormalities) defects. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that acacetin reduced both the human APP and BACE-1 mRNA levels in the transgenic flies, suggesting that it plays an important role in the transcriptional regulation of human BACE-1 and APP. Western blot analysis revealed that acacetin reduced Aβ production by interfering with BACE-1 activity and APP synthesis, resulting in a decrease in the levels of the APP carboxy-terminal fragments and the APP intracellular domain. Therefore, the protective effect of acacetin on Aβ production is mediated by transcriptional regulation of BACE-1 and APP, resulting in decreased APP protein expression and BACE-1 activity. Acacetin also inhibited APP synthesis, resulting in a decrease in the number of amyloid plaques.
Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation
Authors: Berg Pieter van den , Molleman Lucas , Junikka Jaakko , Puurtinen Mikael , Weissing Franz J.
Published: November 2015

Many experiments on human cooperation have revealed that individuals differ systematically in their tendency to cooperate with others. It has also been shown that individuals condition their behaviour on the overall cooperation level of their peers. Yet, little is known about how individuals respond to heterogeneity in cooperativeness in their neighbourhood. Here, we present an experimental study investigating whether and how people respond to heterogeneous behaviour in a public goods game. We find that a large majority of subjects does respond to heterogeneity in their group, but they respond in quite different ways. Most subjects contribute less to the public good when the contributions of their peers are more heterogeneous, but a substantial fraction of individuals consistently contributes more in this case. In addition, we find that individuals that respond positively to heterogeneity have a higher general cooperation tendency. The finding that social responsiveness occurs in different forms and is correlated with cooperativeness may have important implications for the outcome of cooperative interactions.
Disadvantageous associations: Reversible spatial cueing effects in a discrimination task
Authors: Nico Daniele , Daprati Elena
Published: November 2015

Current theories describe learning in terms of cognitive or associative mechanisms. To assess whether cognitive mechanisms interact with automaticity of associative processes we devised a shape-discrimination task in which participants received both explicit instructions and implicit information. Instructions further allowed for the inference that a first event would precede the target. Albeit irrelevant to respond, this event acted as response prime and implicit spatial cue (i.e. it predicted target location). To modulate cognitive involvement, in three experiments we manipulated modality and salience of the spatial cue. Results always showed evidence for a priming effect, confirming that the first stimulus was never ignored. More importantly, although participants failed to consciously recognize the association, responses to spatially cued trials became either slower or faster depending on salience of the first event. These findings provide an empirical demonstration that cognitive and associative learning mechanisms functionally co-exist and interact to regulate behaviour.
Strain assisted electrocaloric effect in PbZr0.95Ti0.05O3 films on 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3 substrate
Authors: Zuo Zhenghu , Chen Bin , Wang Baomin , Yang Huali , Zhan Qingfeng , Liu Yiwei , Wang Junling , Li Run-Wei
Published: November 2015

Solid state cooling technologies based on electrocaloric, magnetocaloric and mechanocaloric effects have received much attention during the past decade. To further improve the cooling efficiency and reduce the driving field, it is desirable to combine multiple effects in a single system. Here, we report on the caloric effects induced by both electric field and strain in PbZr0.95Ti0.05O3 films deposited on 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3 substrate. The isothermal entropy change (ΔS) induced by the antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition of PbZr0.95Ti0.05O3 films is calculated to be 6.78 J K−1 kg−1. Furthermore, the strain from 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3 substrate can reduce the electric field where ΔS reaches the maximum by as much as 50 kV/cm. The electrocaloric efficiency is also increased from 0.366 to 0.378 by the strain effect. The electrocaloric effect in an antiferroelectric material assisted by strain may lead to more efficient solid state cooling technology.
Dnmts and Tet target memory-associated genes after appetitive olfactory training in honey bees
Authors: Biergans Stephanie D. , Giovanni Galizia C. , Reinhard Judith , Claudianos Charles
Published: November 2015

DNA methylation and demethylation are epigenetic mechanisms involved in memory formation. In honey bees DNA methyltransferase (Dnmt) function is necessary for long-term memory to be stimulus specific (i.e. to reduce generalization). So far, however, it remains elusive which genes are targeted and what the time-course of DNA methylation is during memory formation. Here, we analyse how DNA methylation affects memory retention, gene expression and differential methylation in stimulus-specific olfactory long-term memory formation. Out of 30 memory-associated genes investigated here, 9 were upregulated following Dnmt inhibition in trained bees. These included Dnmt3 suggesting a negative feedback loop for DNA methylation. Within these genes also the DNA methylation pattern changed during the first 24 hours after training. Interestingly, this was accompanied by sequential activation of the DNA methylation machinery (i.e. Dnmts and Tet). In sum, memory formation involves a temporally complex epigenetic regulation of memory-associated genes that facilitates stimulus specific long-term memory in the honey bee.
Analysis of the TCP genes expressed in the inflorescence of the orchid Orchis italica
Authors: De Paolo Sofia , Gaudio Luciano , Aceto Serena
Published: November 2015

TCP proteins are plant-specific transcription factors involved in many different processes. Because of their involvement in a large number of developmental pathways, their roles have been investigated in various plant species. However, there are almost no studies of this transcription factor family in orchids. Based on the available transcriptome of the inflorescence of the orchid Orchis italica, in the present study we identified 12 transcripts encoding TCP proteins. The phylogenetic analysis showed that they belong to different TCP classes (I and II) and groups (PCF, CIN and CYC/TB1) and that they display a number of conserved motifs when compared with the TCPs of Arabidopsis and Oryza. The presence of a specific cleavage site for the microRNA miRNA319, an important post-transcriptional regulator of several TCP genes in other species, was demonstrated for one transcript of O. italica and the analysis of the expression pattern of the TCP transcripts in different inflorescence organs and in leaf tissue suggests that some TCP transcripts of O. italica exert their role only in specific tissues, while others may play multiple roles in different tissues. In addition, the evolutionary analysis showed a general purifying selection acting on the coding region of these transcripts.
Biomedical applications based on magnetic nanoparticles:DNA interactions
Authors: Tiwari A. P. , Ghosh S. J. , Pawar S. H.
Published: November 2015

Magnetic nanoparticles–DNA interactions can open up new possibilities in various biomedical applications. The interaction is based on the fundamental properties of DNA and magnetic nanoparticles.
Electrophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds and their nitrogen derivatives under copper catalysis
Authors: Prieto Alexis , Baudoin Olivier , Bouyssi Didier , Monteiro Nuno
Published: November 2015

Recent advances in copper-catalyzed electrophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds and their nitrogen derivatives are highlighted with particular focus on C–CF3bond forming reactions.
The effect of meta coupling on colour purity, quantum yield, and exciton utilizing efficiency in deep-blue emitters from phenanthroimidazole isomers
Authors: Wang Zhiming , Li Xueying , Zhang Wanyu , Zhang Shitong , Li Hui , Yu Zhenqiang , Chen Yanming , Lu Ping , Chen Ping
Published: November 2015

Three isomers were employed to investigate the essential reason for the meta-tuning effect on their PL and EL properties.
Nb and Ta layer doping effects on the interfacial energetics and electronic properties of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure: first-principles analysis
Authors: Nazir Safdar , Behtash Maziar , Cheng Jianli , Luo Jian , Yang Kesong
Published: November 2015

Nb(Ta) layer doping at the interfacial region of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructure system provides a possible avenue to tune the electron transport property of the two-dimensional electron gas.
Efficient surface enhanced Raman scattering on confeito-like gold nanoparticle-adsorbed self-assembled monolayers
Authors: Chang Chia-Chi , Imae Toyoko , Chen Liang-Yih , Ujihara Masaki
Published: November 2015

Confeito-like gold nanoparticles adsorbed on the self-assembled monolayer hierarchy of dendrimer/polystyrene spheres can strongly enhance Raman scattering, being superior to those on the self-assembled monolayer of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
Deviation of polarity from linearity in liquid mixtures containing an ionic liquid
Authors: Beniwal Vijay , Shukla Shashi K. , Kumar Anil
Published: November 2015

The physico-chemical properties of liquid mixtures, in general, exhibit deviations from linear behaviour with respect to their composition, arising out of different types of cross-intermolecular interactions (both specific and non-specific).
Strain and temperature dependent absorption spectra studies for identifying the phase structure and band gap of EuTiO3 perovskite films
Authors: Jiang Kai , Zhao Run , Zhang Peng , Deng Qinglin , Zhang Jinzhong , Li Wenwu , Hu Zhigao , Yang Hao , Chu Junhao
Published: November 2015

(a) The XRD patterns of ETO thin films measured at room temperature. (b) Schematic diagrams of the photo-induced interband transitions.
Charge-displacement analysis as a tool to study chalcogen bonded adducts and predict their association constants in solution
Authors: Ciancaleoni Gianluca , Santi Claudio , Ragni Mirco , Braga Antonio Luiz
Published: November 2015

The secondary interaction between an atom of tellurium and different Lewis bases has been studied by charge displacement analysis, providing a detailed description of the interaction and a computational insight into experimental data.
A comparison of the amorphization of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) and aluminosilicate zeolites by ball-milling
Authors: Baxter Emma F. , Bennett Thomas D. , Cairns Andrew B. , Brownbill Nick J. , Goodwin Andrew L. , Keen David A. , Chater Philip A. , Blanc Frédéric , Cheetham Anthony K.
Published: November 2015

Amorphization of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks during ball-milling is much more rapid than that of aluminosilicate zeolites.
Synthesis of 3-stannyl and 3-silyl propargyl phosphanes and the formation of a phosphinoallene
Authors: Saunders Amy J. , Crossley Ian R.
Published: November 2015

The propargyl phosphanes Ph2PCH2CCER3(R3E =nBu3Sn, Ph3Sn, Me2PhSi, Pr3Si,nBu3Si) and (Me3Si)2PCH2CCSiPhMe2are obtained in high yield; in contrast quenching PhCCCH2MgX with ClP(NEt2)2preferentially affords (>70%) the novel phosphinoallene (Et2N)2PC(Ph)CCH2.
Influence of extreme conditions on the formation and structures of caesium uranium(vi) arsenates
Authors: Yu Na , Kegler Philip , Klepov Vladislav V. , Dellen Jakob , Schlenz Hartmut , Langer Eike M. , Bosbach Dirk , Alekseev Evgeny V.
Published: November 2015

A new family of uranium(vi) arsenates was obtained under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature. The high pressure phases demonstrate significant differences in chemical compositions and structural properties.
Extending motifs in lithiocuprate chemistry: unexpected structural diversity in thiocyanate complexes
Authors: Peel Andrew J. , Hedidi Madani , Bentabed-Ababsa Ghenia , Roisnel Thierry , Mongin Florence , Wheatley Andrew E. H.
Published: November 2015

Lithio(thiocyanato)cuprates have been developed. These reveal planar, boat-shaped and chair-shaped Lipshutz-type dimers in the solid state, while Lipshutz-type and Gilman structures are seen in solution.
A trigonal prismatic Cu6-pyrazolato complex containing a μ6-F ligand
Authors: Mathivathanan Logesh , Al-Ameed Karrar , Lazarou Katerina , Trávníček Zdeněk , Sanakis Yiannis , Herchel Radovan , McGrady John E. , Raptis Raphael G.
Published: November 2015

The encapsulation of a fluoride ion in a trigonal prismatic CuII6-pyrazolato cage results in a small expansion of the Cu6-host.
A single molecule magnet to single molecule magnet transformation via a solvothermal process: Fe4Dy2 → Fe6Dy3
Authors: Chen Sihuai , Mereacre Valeriu , Anson Christopher E. , Powell Annie K.
Published: November 2015

Under ambient and solvothermal conditions four new compounds [FeIII4LnIII2(μ3-OH)2(mdea)4(m-NO2C6H4COO)8]·3MeCN and [FeIII6LnIII3(μ4-O)3(μ3-O)(mdea)5(m-NO2C6H4COO)9]·3MeCN (Ln = Y and Dy) have been synthesised and their magnetic properties investigated.
How do polydisperse repulsive colloids crystallize?
Authors: Botet Robert , Cabane Bernard , Goehring Lucas , Li Joaquim , Artzner Franck
Published: November 2015

A modified version of the Gibbs-ensemble Monte-Carlo method reveals how polydisperse charged colloidal particles can build complex colloidal crystals. It provides general rules that are applicable to this fractionated crystallization that stems from size segregation. It explains the spontaneous formation of complex crystals with very large unit-cells in suspensions of nanoparticles with a broad size distribution.
Deactivation mechanisms of tin-zeolites in biomass conversions
Authors: Lari G. M. , Dapsens P. Y. , Scholz D. , Mitchell S. , Mondelli C. , Pérez-Ramírez J.
Published: November 2015

The concomitant deactivation mechanisms of tin-containing zeolites applied in the isomerisation of dihydroxyacetone and xylose were unravelled and the main synthetic and operational parameters toward stable operation uncovered.
A reusable catalytic system for sulfide oxidation and epoxidation of allylic alcohols in water catalyzed by poly(dimethyl diallyl) ammonium/polyoxometalate
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yang Chunxia , Cheng Zhiguo , Zhang Zhenghui
Published: November 2015

An effective catalyst based on a polyoxometalate and a polymer has been developed for the oxidation of sulfides and allylic alcohols under mild conditions in water.
Fusion of genomic, proteomic and phenotypic data: the case of potyviruses
Authors: Folch-Fortuny A. , Bosque G. , Picó J. , Ferrer A. , Elena S. F.
Published: November 2015

A data fusion procedure is presented to combine genomic, proteomic and phenotypic data sets gathered forTobacco etch virus(TEV).
Structure vs. excitonic transitions in self-assembled porphyrin nanotubes and their effect on light absorption and scattering
Authors: Arteaga Oriol , Canillas Adolf , El-Hachemi Zoubir , Crusats Joaquim , Ribó Josep M.
Published: November 2015

Excitonic absorption is the main contribution to the extinction in isolated porphyrin nanotubes but, in bundles, resonance light scattering is dominant.
Chirality-dependent densities of carbon nanotubes by in situ 2D fluorescence-excitation and Raman characterisation in a density gradient after ultracentrifugation
Authors: Cambré Sofie , Muyshondt Pieter , Federicci Remi , Wenseleers Wim
Published: November 2015

Extensive spectroscopic characterisation applied directly in the centrifuge tube yields chirality-dependent density of surfactant-coated empty and water-filled nanotubes.
Selective fluorescence functionalization of dye-doped polymerized structures fabricated by direct laser writing (DLW) lithography
Authors: de Miguel Gustavo , Vicidomini Giuseppe , Duocastella Martí , Diaspro Alberto
Published: November 2015

Spatially- and intensity-selective fluorescence photopolymerized resins are fabricated through a thermally-induced di-aggregation mechanism with applications as optical data storage devices.
Aligned carbon nanotube array stiffness from stochastic three-dimensional morphology
Authors: Stein Itai Y. , Lewis Diana J. , Wardle Brian L.
Published: November 2015

Stiffness of aligned carbon nanotube arrays from their stochastic three-dimensional packing morphology.
Synthesis and reactivities of monofluoro acylboronates in chemoselective amide bond forming ligation with hydroxylamines
Authors: Noda Hidetoshi , Bode Jeffrey W.
Published: November 2015

Synthesis and reactivities of monofluoroacylboronates are described in the context of bioorganic chemistry and chemical ligation.
Hexagonal Co6 and zigzag Co4 cluster based magnetic MOFs with a pcu net for selective catalysis
Authors: Yao Ru-Xin , Qiao Xiao-Hui , Cui Xin , Jia Xiao-Xia , Zhang Xian-Ming
Published: November 2015

Two magnetic MOFs with a pcu net, constructed by using hexagonal Co6 rings and zigzag Co4 clusters, respectively are reported. Furthermore, activated 1 exhibits an excellent catalytic selectivity in the allylic oxidation reaction of cyclohexene to form an α,β-unsaturated ketone.
The effect of microstructure and elemental content on corrosion and corrosion inhibition of mild steel in a 0.5 M H2SO4environment
Authors: Chidiebere Maduabuchi A. , Oguzie Emeka E. , Liu Li , Li Ying , Alshawabkeh Akram N. , Wang Fuhui
Published: November 2015

The effect of composition and surface microstructure on the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel specimens from Nigeria (NCS) and China (CCS) in a 0.5 M H2SO4solution has been studied using electrochemical techniques and surface probe techniques.
Utilizing an aggregate forming microenvironment sensitive coumarin–cholesterol conjugate as a sensor of pluronic organization and micro-polarity
Authors: Sarkar Ivy , Prakash Rao H. Surya , Desai Avinash , Mishra Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2015

A new fluorescent cholesterol molecular probe, 3-acetyl-7-(diethylamino)-2H-chromen-2-one attached cholesterol (Cum–Chl), has recently been introduced as a reporter of micro-heterogeneous media.
Hierarchical assembly of enzyme-inorganic composite materials with extremely high enzyme activity
Authors: Liang Liwen , Fei Xu , Li Yue , Tian Jing , Xu Longquan , Wang Xiuying , Wang Yi
Published: November 2015

We synthesized a composite material with a hierarchical flower-like structure and extremely high enzyme activity and found that the main factor affecting its catalytic activity was the material structure and not the actual enzyme weight percentage.
PEDOT-PSS coated sulfur/carbon composite on porous carbon papers for high sulfur loading lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Gong Zhijie , Wu Qixing , Wang Fang , Li Xu , Fan Xianping , Yang Hui , Luo Zhongkuan
Published: November 2015

Increasing the sulfur loading in the cathode of a lithium–sulfur battery is an important way to improve its capacity for practical applications.
Dose dependent distribution and aggregation of gold nanoparticles within human lung adeno-carcinoma cells
Authors: Wang Sheng-Hann , Lee Chia-Wei , Shen Kun-Ching , Tseng Fan-Gang , Wei Pei-Kuen
Published: November 2015

In this work, we discuss the distribution, aggregation and cytotoxicity of different treatment doses, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 nM, of PAH coated gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with a human lung adeno-carcinoma cell line – A549 cells.
Angstrom-sized tungsten carbide promoted platinum electrocatalyst for effective oxygen reduction reaction and resource saving
Authors: Xie Meng , Zhang Meiping , Wei Wei , Jiang Zhifeng , Xu Yuanguo
Published: November 2015

Pt/WCrod shows higher ORR efficiency and stabilization than commercial Pt/C.
meso-Aryl substituted free-base tripyrrins: preparation and electrochemically induced protonation/deprotonation reactions. Single crystal X-ray analysis of (2,6-diFPh)2TriPyH
Authors: Feng Ru , Ou Zhongping , Xue Zhaoli , Fang Yuanyuan , Song Yang , Kadish Karl M.
Published: November 2015

Three meso-substituted free-base tripyrrins were successfully isolated as side-products from the synthesis of triarylcorroles and characterized as to their electrochemical properties in nonaqueous media.
Solution-processable low-bandgap 3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate-based conjugated polymers for electrochromic applications
Authors: Shi Zugui , Neo Wei Teng , Lin Ting Ting , Zhou Hui , Xu Jianwei
Published: November 2015

3-Fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene-2-carboxylate-based conjugated polymers were synthesized and their electrochromic devices displayed good optical contrasts, good coloration efficiencies and reasonable redox stability.
The physical–biological processes of petroleum hydrocarbons in seawater/sediments after an oil spill
Authors: Zhuang Xiaohong , Pi Yongrui , Bao Mutai , Li Yiming , Zheng Xiujin
Published: November 2015

Physical adsorption and biodegradation processes of crude oil in a seawater–sediment system.
Pyridine-based poly(aryleneethynylene)s: a study on anionic side chain density and their influence on optical properties and metallochromicity
Authors: Bender Markus , Seehafer Kai , Findt Marlene , Bunz Uwe H. F.
Published: November 2015

We report the Pd-catalyzed synthesis of six new water soluble, alternating poly(p-phenylene-ethynylene-p-pyridinylene-ethynylene) (abcb-alternating) copolymers and one poly(p-pyridinyleneethynylene).
Aromatic hydrocarbon macrocycles for highly efficient organic light-emitting devices with single-layer architectures
Authors: Xue Jing Yang , Izumi Tomoo , Yoshii Asami , Ikemoto Koki , Koretsune Takashi , Akashi Ryosuke , Arita Ryotaro , Taka Hideo , Kita Hiroshi , Sato Sota , Isobe Hiroyuki
Published: November 2015

Aromatic hydrocarbon macrocycles for phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with a single-layer architecture were designed.
Self-assembly of ABC triblock copolymers under 3D soft confinement: a Monte Carlo study
Authors: Yan Nan , Zhu Yutian , Jiang Wei
Published: November 2015

A serious of novel morphologies obtained by self-assembly of ABC triblock copolymers under 3D soft confinement.
Sn(ii,iv) steric and electronic structure effects enable self-selective doping on Fe/Si-sites of Li2FeSiO4nanocrystals for high performance lithium ion batteries
Authors: Wang Kai , Teng Gaofeng , Yang Jinlong , Tan Rui , Duan Yandong , Zheng Jiaxin , Pan Feng
Published: November 2015

Ab initiocalculations reveal that the electrochemical performance improvement of Sn(ii,iv) self-selective dual-doping of Li2FeSiO4is attributed to the enhanced electronic conductivity and lowered delithiation voltage.
Hysteresis-free multi-walled carbon nanotube-based perovskite solar cells with a high fill factor
Authors: Wei Zhanhua , Chen Haining , Yan Keyou , Zheng Xiaoli , Yang Shihe
Published: November 2015

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes enable fast charge transfer in perovskite solar cells and work up a high fill factor.