bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioconversion of Potato Starch Wastewater into Biofertilizer by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for Improving Tea Yield
Authors: Guan Xiao Huan , Liang Sheng Xian , Zhang Shu Zhen , Zhao Wei Na , Wang Dong , Jiang Hua , Bai Zhi Hui
Published: August 2013

Effluents from potato starch industry possess a high load of starchy materials. The treatment of such wastewater by conventional activated sludge processes consumes a lot of energy, resulting in high treatment costs. A plant growth promoting bacterium (PGPB) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain A3 was isolated from soil. The isolate A3 performed a good capacity of promoting tea plant growth, which indicated that the strain can be used as a nonchemical alternative biofertilizer. In this study, we investigated the carbon and nutrient rich industrial processing effluents of potato starch wastewater (PW) as substrate for the cultivation of the biofertilizer strain A3. The isolate A3 can grow well using PW as the culture medium. The maximum yield of 2.2×109 CFU/ml of the isolate A3 was reached in 24 h at 36 °C, pH 7.5 using the SW as substrate. In conclusion, it is feasible to develop a hybrid biotechnological process, integrating the production of environmental friendly biofertilizer with treatment of intractable wastewater.
Cooperative Game Analysis on Wastes Recycling from Industrial Zones
Authors: Li Jia Shu , Fan Hou Ming
Published: August 2013

Based on cooperative game theory, this paper, after taking government subsidy into consideration, analyzes, from the two aspects of waste collection cost and disposal cost, the cooperative game relation between manufacturers and resource recovery companies in the process of recycling of industrial zone wastes as well as the important role that government plays in the recycling cooperation mechanism established between the two sides. After calculation of payoff matrix, it is found out that the difference between manufacturers self-disposal cost and entrusted disposal cost, resource recovery companys waste recovery cost and disposal cost, and government subsidy are the key factors that decide whether the two sides will cooperate with each other. Finally, the paper proposes the measures that will facilitate the cooperation of the two sides, which is of certain guiding significance to build an eco-friendly supply chain and boost the development of circular economy.
Dewaterability of Excess Activated Sludge with Fly Ash Conditioning
Authors: Wu Chang Nian , Li Wei Hua , Ling Qi , Wang Li , Pan Fa Kang , Tang Yi , Li Yang
Published: August 2013

The coal fly ash (CFA)/coal fly ash modified by sulfuric acid (MCFA)-conditioned sludge dewaterability was investigated in this study. Specific resistance of filtration (SRF) was used to assess the sludge dewaterability. Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was determined in attempt to explain sludge conditioning process. The results showed that SRF of the sludge significantly decreased with coal fly ash addition, and the MCFA showed much stronger conditioning capacity than the raw coal fly ash. Under a MCFA dosage of 36g.L-1, the SRF of the sludge decreased from 1.18×1012 to 6.47×1010 m.kg1, and EPS concentration of the sludge decreased from 32.64 to 17.55mg.L-1. The sludge conditioning mechanisms with MCFA mainly included improving adsorption bridging and providing the water transmitting passages by skeleton builder.
Experimental Study of Modified Coal Fly Ash Adsorption Properties on Ammonia-Nitrogen in Biogas Slurry
Authors: Cheng Qian , Liu Xing Yong , Li Min
Published: August 2013

With the development of the biogas construction, a plenty of biogas slurry was generated. It brought destruction to the environment for the biogas slurry was rich in nutrient components, especially ammonia-nitrogen. Its important that biogas slurry should be treated before it returns to the environment. The zeolite is extensively used in ammonia-nitrogen adsorption for its good adsorption effect. In this study, a modified coal fly ash (CFA) which was produced from raw CFA and had similar structure with zeolite was used as the adsorbent to adsorb ammonia-nitrogen in biogas slurry. The optimum adsorption conditions of modified CAF on adsorbing ammonia-nitrogen in biogas slurry were explored. The results showed that the best conditions were: the mass of modified CAF 1.3g, the initial pH value of solution 5~7 and the adsorption time 20 min.
Experimental Study on MDEA Regeneration by Vacuum Membrane Distillation
Authors: Zhou Shi Dong , He Shuang Shuang , Wu Zhi Min , Wang Shu Li
Published: August 2013

Aqueous solutions of N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) are widely used in the sweetening process of sour gases, but the solutions deteriorate due to the contamination in their use process, and the deficiencies of the technologies for the regeneration of disabled solution restrict their development. A vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) technique for the regeneration of MDEA solutions was proposed and experimentally investigated.It is studied the effect of change in solution temperature on its regeneration efficiency and the distillation flux. From the chromatograms it is known that the best temperature for regenerating waste solution by VMD is 70 °C,and the regeneration efficiency can be up to 98% at this experimental conditions.
Removal of Sodium Ions from the Mother Liquor of Sodium Fluorosilicate by Ion Exchange Method
Authors: Ren Xin Lin , Long Ping , Wu Jian , Chen Xiu Min , Yang Bin
Published: August 2013

Ion exchange method was used to remove the sodium ions from the mother liquor of sodium fluorosilicate in this study. Some experiments were done at different conditions of the amount of 732 resin, reaction temperature and time. At the same time, the regeneration method of 732 resins and the effect of removing sodium ions of the regenerative resins were investigated either. The optimum conditions were obtained. The result indicated that ion exchange method was feasible. And the resins could be regenerated and reused for many times. Ion exchange method was pollution-free and low cost in the treatment process of mother liquor of sodium fluorosilicate.
Research on Micro-Aerobic Granular Sludge in the Process of Cultivation
Authors: Zhu Li Feng , Tian Yan E , Wu Jie Yan , Wang Xiao Min , Ye Chao , Huang Dou Dou
Published: August 2013

Taking granular sludge, the anaerobic granular sludge and the aerobic granular sludge were treated by IC reactor. According to the changes of COD, SS and so on removal rate of out-flow water, the granular sludge was judged to turn into particles degree. The result indicate that when the influent organic load upgrade 385.7g COD/d eventually after 8 times, the HRT reaches 5h, the reflux is 1.4L/h, removal rate of COD is 84.7%. The SS concentration of out-flow water fluctuated largely throughout the experiment. During the experimentation, it was found that if the water content was higher and the density was lower in the micro-aerobic, the anaerobic granular sludge disintegrated seriously, particle size showed a narrowing trend and a large number of fragments fell and suspended in reactor.
Cooperative Interaction between the Seeded Bacteria in Bio-Enhanced Activated Carbon Filter
Authors: Zhang Duo Ying , Li Wei Guang , Gong Xu Jin , Qin Wen , Huang Xiao Fei
Published: August 2013

In this study, the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to specifically detect the seeded bacteriaPseudomonassp andBacillus subtilisin the BEAC filter. For evaluating the cooperative interaction between the seeded bacteria, Lotka-Volterra model was introduced to calculate the data gained from FISH results. The parameterαmeasures how much speciesPseudomonassp. inhibits speciesBacillus subtiliss growth, andβmeasures how much speciesBacillus subtilisinhibits speciesPseudomonassp..α=0.0063<K1/K2andβ=0.73<K2/K1in the top section of the BEAC filter.α=-0.13<K1/K2andβ=0.41<K2/K1in the middle section of the BEAC filter.α=0.66<K1/K2andβ=0.30<K2/K1in the bottom section of the BEAC filter. The seeded bacteriaPseudomonassp. andBacillus subtiliscould coexist in the BEAC filter. The bio-enhanced technology used here is a promising approach to introduce and maintain the seeded bacteria.
Research on the Preparation of Baking-Free Brick Using the Tailings of Flue Gas Desulfurization of Pyrolusite Slurry
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Qiu Cheng
Published: August 2013

This paper studies the preparation of baking-free brick using the tailings of flue gas desulfurization of pyrolusite slurry, aiming to explore the optimal technological conditions. Experimental results show that the particle size of the tailings of flue gas desulfurization of pyrolusite slurry with the concentration up to 95% is below 80μm, which are the appropriate material for the preparation of baking-free bricks. "Byproduct tailings of flue gas desulfurization of pyrolusite slurry - cement cementitious materials - water" system is a relatively good ingredient program. The test results indicate that the flexural and compressive strength of the baking-free brick sample increases with the rise of forming pressure. Appropriately adding the dosage of binder could improve the flexural and compressive strength of the baking-free brick sample, but when it is added to a certain degree, the strength will decrease instead. To sum up, the optimal parameters of the baking-free brick product are shown as follows: desulfurization tailings: cementitious materials = 5:1, the forming pressure is 20 MPa, the moisture content is 10% and the natural curing time is controlled in the range of 7-28 days.
Solidification of 30% TBP-OK Waste by Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement
Authors: Li Jun Feng , Wang Jian Long
Published: August 2013

Liquid organic radioactive waste is one kind of wastes from the use of radioisotopes in research centres, medical and industrial applications and also in nuclear power plants. Effective management of these liquid organic wastes is necessary in order to ensure their safe handling, processing, storage and disposal. Cementation for Tri-N-Butyl Phosphate/Odorless Kerosene (TBP/OK) solvents was studied. Emulsifiers were selected and compared. Calcium sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) was used in TBP/OK solidification. A prescription containing 20% (v/v) TBP/OK was obtained. And the compressive stretch is above 10MPa. The leach rates of Sr2+, Cs+, Co2+ were studied. Monolithic solids were formed.
Approaches to the Structure Optimization of Municipal Solid Waste Transfer Station's Compression Box
Authors: Yang Bao An , Li Xu Hui , Chen Shun , Shi Hui Ping
Published: August 2013

Compression box is a major part of MSW transfer station's compression unit. Box structure's design should meet load requirement and achieve weight optimization. Based on the analysis of the box structure, a load distribution model of compressed MSW in the compression box was made. Using SolidWorks and ANSYS to analyze the model, the analysis result can provide scientific basis for the optimization design of the MSW transfer station's compression boxes.
Composition Analysis and Recovery of Boron Slurry in Liaoning Province
Authors: Wu Yong Hong , Zhang Bing , Shen Guo Liang , Liu Hong Yu
Published: August 2013

Boron slurry is the waste of borax manufacture. Here, the property and compositions in Boron slurry were analyzed by FTIR, TGA and XRD, which is derived from a borax factory in Dashiqiao of Liaoning Province, China. Some valuable inorganic elemental compositions in Boron slurry, such as Mg, Si, Ca, Fe and Mn were recovered by the processes of calcination, precipitation and filtration. Results have shown that the recovery of MgCO3 can be reached at 90% when the calcinations temperature is 750°C.
Environmental Risk of Nuclear Power and Policy Proposal on Disposal of Solid Radioactive Waste
Authors: Liu Jie , Wei Fang Xin , Wang Zhuo
Published: August 2013

The difficulty occurred in nuclear power plants that the accumulated radioactive solid waste is beyond the design capacity and unable to be sent to disposal is focused on in this paper. The deep reasons for the difficulty occurred are concluded to be the unclear responsibility for disposal of radioactive waste and the divided national function of nuclear power development and radioactive waste management, by analyzing the disposal demand of radioactive solid waste caused by continuous development of nuclear power and the current situation and existing problems for the disposal of low-intermediate level radioactive solid waste in China. The policy suggestions of issuing the disposal siting plan of radioactive solid waste, forming independent firms of radioactive waste storage and disposal and improving radioactive waste management fund system are proposed based on above analysis and investigation.
Study on Adsorption of Vinasse for Ag+
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Jing , Su Rong Rong , Rao Jia Quan , Lin Xiao Yan
Published: August 2013

Effects of parameters including pH value, temperature, absorbent dosage, initial ion concentration, and absorbed time, on the removal efficiency of Ag+ from aqueous solution were investigated through single factor experiment. Vinasse before and after adsorption were characterized by IR. The maximum removal efficiency of Ag+ on vinasse is 97%. The equilibrium sorption is well demonstrated by Freundlich isotherm model.
Study on Packing Materials for High-Temperature Compost of Livestock Manure
Authors: Li Ji Jin , Sun Qin Ping , Zou Guo Yuan , Xu Jun Xiang , Gao Li Juan , Luo Yi Ming , Li Guo Xue , Li Ji
Published: August 2013

Packing materials made of organic or inorganic substances can improve the composting speed or increase the compost quality. Pilot experiments on outdoor composting were carried out to investigate the effect of packing materials on nitrogen losses and compost quality. The results showed that both furfural dreg and mushroom dreg can be used as packing materials in composting chicken manure. Compared with maize straw, furfural dreg and mushroom dreg were more suitable for the industrial-scale production of organic fertilizers. Packing materials can optimize the composting conditions, improve microbial activity, accelerate the composting process, reduce nitrogen losses, and maintain nutrients, thereby improving the compost quality.
Study on Transforming from Vegetable-Residue to Roughage
Authors: Yang Fu Min , Yang Min , Zhang Ke Ping
Published: August 2013

The use rate of the vegetable-residue is low which pollution-free processing does not reach the designated position. In order to resolve the problem of vegetable residues treatment, the research focus on transforming from vegetable-residue to feed for livestock and poultry combining with its characteristics of big water content and strong seasonality. Firstly, the vegetable cakes with about 45% moisture content were made of vegetable-residue by cleaning, beating, pressure filtration, batching, mixing, granulating, cooling and packaging. The orthogonal experiment method was used to optimize the addition amount of bentonite, wheat middling, powdered rice hulls, binder and corn protein powder into vegetables particle roughage of poultry and vegetables honeycomb roughage of livestock from vegetable cakes which selected the forming ratio as the indicator. The results showed that when the addition amount of bentonite was 20%, wheat middling was 20%, powdered rice hulls was 20%, corn protein powder was 5%, the vegetables particle roughage had the best forming ratio, while the addition amount of bentonite 12.5%, wheat middling 10%, powdered rice hulls 15%, corn protein powder 3%, binder 2%, the livestock vegetables honeycomb roughage had the best forming ratio. The results would provide the references for vegetable-residue industrial treatment.
Suitable Methods of Waste Separation
Authors: He Jun
Published: August 2013

In recent year suitable management (including collection, separate ways etc.) and innovative treatment methods of waste and alternative strategies for power plant to produce electricity and heat are focused either by experts or common peoples. It refers not only to ecologic but also to economic interests. Because many suitable treatment methods of waste are decided by the types of them, so that the waste management including separation is very relevant. For realizing of more suitable separate and treatment ways which support a waste disposal with reduced pollution of environment, to set some easy deliver rules of garbage for common people is as important as to choose a proper way to treat them by the knowledge of experts.
The Investigation of the Renewable Resources Applied in Highway Engineering
Authors: Zhang Tie Zhi , Wang Li Jiu , Sun Dan
Published: August 2013

Renewable resources applied in highway engineering become development trend due to environmental protection and engineering material shortage. This article presents the composition, characteristics and their application status of slag, iron tailings, construction waste, fly ash in highway engineering, analyses the advantages and disadvantages of renewable resources application in china，which provides the reference and basis for the further application of renewable resources.
Planting Sweet Sorghum in Yellow River Delta: Agronomy Characters of Different Varieties and the Effects of Sowing Time on the Yield and other Biological Traits
Authors: Fan Hai , Cheng Ran Ran , Wu Hai Dong , Cheng Shan , Yan Jie , Ding Tong Lou , Wang Bao Shan
Published: August 2013

In order to screen out the optimum varieties of sweet sorghum to be planted in Yellow River Delta, the agronomy characters of different varieties (strains) of sweet sorghum including jitianza 1 (JZ1), jitianza 2 (JZ2), jitianza 3 (JZ3), jitianza 4 (JZ4), liaosiza 1 (LSZ1), liaotian 1 (LT1), liaotian 3 (LT3), liaotian 6 (LT6) planted in the saline soil of Yellow River Delta were analyzed; Further more, the effect of different sowing time on the agronomy characters of sweet sorghum was explored with JZ2. The study provided bases for the cultivation of sweet sorghum in saline-alkali soil of Yellow River Delta in order to transform the biomass into bio-energy such as fuel alcohol.
Use of Solid Digestate as a Growing Medium for Tomato Seedlings
Authors: Zhang Xiao Qian , Wu Shu Biao , Qu Ying Hua , Dong Ren Jie , Pang Chang Le
Published: August 2013

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate solid digestate as a growing substrate for plug seedlings. Four mediums prepared from solid digestate, vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon were used to determine optimum growing substrate for tomato seedlings (Zhongshu six). The substrate used in this study mixed as solid digestate: vermiculite: perlite: activated carbon were (m:m): 4:13:2:1, 8:9:2:1, 12:5:2:1 and 16:1:2:1, respectively. Besides, peat: vermiculite of 2:1 (v:v) was used as the control. Various seedling indices were measured to assess the quality of the substrates. Tomato seedlings grown in solid digestate: vermiculite: perlite: activated carbon of 16:1:2:1 (m:m) displayed the best quality compared with all the other treatments, due to a correct balance between the digestate nutrient supply and the physical properties provided by vermiculite, perlite and activated carbon. Solid digestate could be a potential alternative for plug seedlings.
Effect of Conventional Carbon Sources on Phenol Degradation by Bacillus sp. CDQ
Authors: He Xi Pu , Liu Jie , Liu Hong Jie , Wang Sen Sheng , Xu Wen Hui , Huang Zhou Cai
Published: August 2013

The influence on the growth and phenol biodegradation ofBacillussp. CDQ by three different conventional carbon sources were investigated. The results indicated that conventional carbon sources certainly affected the growth of strain CDQ and the biodegradation of phenol. Under the concentration of 1.5 to 3 g L-1, contrasting to the comparison, glucose improved the growth of theBacillussp. CDQ but inhibited the phenol biodegradation byBacillussp. CDQ. And the effect of inhibition increased with increasing glucose concentration. Below 1.5 g L-1, the rate of phenol removal increased with the amount of glucose added. Phenol biodegradation rate obviously decreased in the presence of sodium acetate. Lactose can significantly improve the rate of phenol biodegradation. However, no noticeable improvement on the removal rate of phenol was observed under different concentrations of lactose.
Analytical Method of Water Column Height in Liquid Loading Gas Well
Authors: Wang Xiu Wu , Liu Jie , Liao Rui Quan
Published: August 2013

The real-time and accurate analysis of water column height becomes the crucial step for measures of unloading flow is taken effectively to make sure gas well to work continuously and properly. Although the early researchers made a number of models used to calculate water column height, but they are the static calculation method and can not meet production requirements. This paper analyses the hydraulics of well-bore load-up for gas well, and present a computing method of transient water column height. This model based on node pressure analysis, and combined with pressure gradient formula of multiphase pipe flow and productivity equation of gas-water wells. Application of this technology allows real-time analysis to be used in production process, which is valuable in protection of gas reservoir and enhancement of ultimate recovery.
Analysis on Spatial Distribution of the Road Traffic Noise in Urban District of Xuchang, China
Authors: Shen Huai Fei
Published: August 2013

The paper discusses the spatial distribution of the road traffic noise using the monitoring data of the road traffic noise in Xuchang city. The spatial distribution of the road traffic noise in urban district of Xuchang city has notable characteristic. The results indicate that the current situation of traffic noise pollution is a severe threat for people's life in Xuchang city. And the traffic noise in business district is higher than the value of residential district and industrial district. The traffic noise in Weidu district is higher than the value in other district.
Calculation and Analysis of Acoustic Performance of Diesel Engine 3-in-1 after Treatment Device
Authors: Zou Zhen Dong , Ni Yan , Jiang Zhe
Published: August 2013

Taking the 3-in-1 after treatment device of a diesel engine produced by FAW Jiefang Automotive CO., Ltd as an example, the acoustic finite element method of software Virtual.Lab is used to analysis the transmission loss and insertion loss, then analysis the acoustic performance of its substructure. The results show that the heat exchange tube has little effect on acoustic performance of the entire device; The silencer module of multi-cavity structure can significantly improve the performance in low-frequency. Perforated plate and perforated pipe have effect on improving medium-high frequency, and changes of structural parameter affect its acoustic characteristics; The comparison between direct simulation results of insertion loss and the experimental results has a good effect.
The Application and Research of the Double Difference Method about the 2004 Ludian Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Wu Ba Teer , Gao Er Gen , Wu Ye
Published: August 2013

The paper is utilizes the double difference method of to relocate the north and south earthquake belt's Ludian earthquake sequence to obtained the Ludian earthquake sequence's detailed earthquake parameters. And at the same time we have established an whole set of perfect method in data processing and result analysising. Have the ability of useing'the north and south earthquake belt earthquake to strengthen the monitor's real time data to accuratly relocate the medium intensity earthquake sequenc of the north and south belt. Thus,we could produce the more accurate earthquake parameter, and short provides a more conclusive evidence into the warning area division and earthquake forecast.
An Approach to Rank Noise Pollution in Workplaces
Authors: Franzitta Vincenzo , Viola Alessia , Trapanese Marco , Ciulla Giuseppina , Lo Brano Valerio
Published: August 2013

In this paper, we describe a method for classifying the workplaces as regards the noise risk. This method provides an univocal classification of work area and allows to correctly implement the control measures in accordance with a suitable priority scale. Finally, this method can be easily adjusted to respect various national standards.
Analysis on the Compressive Stress Signals from Vibrating Compaction on Loess
Authors: Zhang Qing Zhe , Dai Jing Liang , Yang Bao Gui , Zhao Ya Pan
Published: August 2013

To discover the vibrating compaction mechanism and optimize the working parameters, the test on vibration compaction is designed and the compressive stress and the compaction energy on the loess during the vibrating compaction are studied. The distribution of the compressive stress is analyzed from the stress signals in time domain. And the distribution, absorption and transfer law of the compaction energy in the loess are analyzed from frequency spectrum of the compressive stress signals. The results show that the value of the compressive stress on every layer in the loess increases with the increasing of the rolling times and it decreases with the increasing of the depth. The compressive stress at the top layer increases most quickly, and arrives at its maximum value for the ninth rolling time. The middle and bottom layers both arrive at their maximum values for the eleventh rolling time. The natural frequency of the test loess is 30Hz. At this vibratory frequency, the compaction energy working at the loess is more adequate than that of the other frequencies. And the compaction effect is the best. The vibratory energy absorbed by every layer decreases with the increasing of the soil density. The top layer can get more energy than the middle and the bottom layers. It arrives at the density state firstly. The analysis is in accordance with the experimental results of the compactness.
Electromechanical Analysis of Piezoelectric Harvesting Unit from Road Vibration with FEA
Authors: Sun Chun Hua , Zhang Yong Kang , Du Jian Hong , Shang Guang Qing
Published: August 2013

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the electromechanical properties of piezoelectric harvesting unit from road vibration. A new kind of piezoelectric harvesting unit, which consists of 8 pieces of PZT vibrators and sizes of 280*280*20mm, is purposed. The vibrators are connected and covered by epoxy resin. With the software of ANSYS, open circuit voltage and stress distribution of the unit under the function of vehicle tire pressure are analyzed. The results show that the maximums of open circuit voltage and stress distribution are proportional with the tire pressure. When the tire pressure is 1.0MPa, open circuit voltage and the maximum stress generated by the piezoelectric unit are 950.8V and 9.8MPa, respectively. It means that application of the piezoelectric harvesting unit can couple with the asphalt pavement very well and harvest higher electricity from road vibration on larger area.
Perfectly Matched Layer as an Absorbing Boundary Condition for Computational Aero-Acoustic
Authors: Chen Wei , Wu Song Ping
Published: August 2013

Advances in Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) depend critically on the availability of accurate, nondispersive, least dissipative computation algorithm as well as high quality numerical boundary treatments. This paper focuses on the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) for external boundaries in CAA. To achieve low dissipation and dispersion errors, Dispersion-Relation-Preserving (DRP) Schemes are used for spatial discretization of the acoustic equations. The classical fourth-order Runge-Kutta time scheme is applied to the acoustic equations for time discretization. Four cases are given to illustrate the 2D PML equations for the linearized/nonlinear Euler equations in Cartesian coordinates and Cylindrical coordinates. The results show that the PML is effective as absorbing boundary condition. Those are basis for PML in actual computations of acoustic problems.
AHP-FUZZY Applied Research in Determination Cleaner Production Audit Focus
Authors: Li Zhu , Li Jun , Pi Ke Wu , Chen Hui , Wan Duan Ji
Published: August 2013

The Cleaner Production Audit was introduced into China along with the concept of Cleaner Production, The review the production process of the sewage Cleaner Production audit is the enterprise-level operating specific procedures, and the first step of the cleaner production audit is verification audit key. The present stage determination verification key main utilization weight sum total scoring rank order method, this method the verification subjective influence, the audit quality is not been easily easy to control. The AHP-Fuzzy as one of system analysis methods is very good at deal with the insufficiencies atonement weight sum total scoring rank order method, had been used widely in many domains of systems engineering. This topic by determination cleaner production audit key of Wuhan Intepower CO., LTD, establishes seven construction section level models. The basic analysis steps are targeting, identifying problems, to establish the hierarchy of the system, structure comparison matrix, for single-level sorting and consistency check, for hierarchy of the consistency test. It makes policy recommendations according to sequencing results.
Key Nutriments Persistence with Various Loading of Phosphorus Pollution in Cihu Lake, China
Authors: Deng Jin Feng , Sun Qing Bin , Zhu Hong Juan , Yin Chun Qin , Rao Su Ping , Xiao Zhu
Published: August 2013

Dredging is the available method to clarify eutrophic lake water for some engineers in recent years. This engineering may cause at least two negative influences on water environment, (a) pollution by dredging would occur during the operation, and (b) long-term effect degrade with some lake become dirty subsequently. Changes of the concentration of TP after the engineering of dredging are the focus in this paper. The content of total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) change at the same time for different original concentration of TP. Five grade original concentration of TP was simulated and the changing law was presented with the process of duration (D) and the change of temperature (T) as the independent variables. The results indicated that the concentration of TP decreased almost to 50% of their original ones respectively. But the changes of concentrations of TN and TC abide by the distinguished rule.
Comparing and Selecting the Dewatering Schemes of Tibet Linzhi Duobu Hydropower Station Underground Factory Buildings
Authors: Liu Qi Xia , Yu Qing Zhan , Zou Xin , Zhang Zi Hao
Published: August 2013

This article which based on the analysis of the Tibet Linzhi Duobu hydropower stations geological conditions, the review of the permeability coefficient, total water inflow estimation of foundation pit and other foundation researches compares and selects water-lowering schemes when the excavation of underground factory buildings starts. Comparing the impervious curtain and water-lowering scheme with full-well dewatering scheme on applicable conditions, advantages and disadvantages, construction program and cost accounting etc. in detail and the final selection is the "drain openly + the well dewatering program. This article also makes a very detailed discussion on construction management, operation mode, safeguard measures and contingency measures and hopes to have references to the follow-up projects.
Effect of Silicon on Phosphorus Adsorption of Two Synthetic Iron Oxides
Authors: Liu Ming Da , Jiang Feng , Sun Hui , Yang Dan , Zhang Yu Long , Wang Yao Jing
Published: August 2013

Iron oxides play an important role in controlling P activity and availability in environmental systems. Two iron oxides (goethite and ferrihydrite) were synthesized characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption method. To investigate the effect of silicon on phosphorus adsorption of them, batch equilibration method was used. Attempts were made to explore the mechanisms involved by eliminating effects of pH and accompany ions. Results reveal that the ability of two kinds of iron oxides adsorbed phosphorus were as follows: ferrihydrite > goethite. Compared with the control, silicon inhibited the adsorption of phosphorus on two iron oxides, and this effect increased with the increasing of silicon content. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equations could be used to describe the adsorption characteristics of phosphorus on iron oxides well, but the Langmuir model was optimal. With silicon addition, the adsorption equilibrium constants (K) decreased of the phosphorus absorbed on iron oxide, the free energy(ΔG)dropping degree increased, the maximum adsorption capacity(Xm)and maximum buffering capacity (MBC) reduced.
The Efficient Development and Utilization Model of Groundwater Resources in Seawater Intrusion Area-Taking Yantai City as an Example
Authors: Li Xiang Ran , Qiao You Qian , Xing Yu Zhen
Published: August 2013

The seawater intrusion, as special environment caused by unreasonable development utilization of water resources at coastal areas, widely exists at home and abroad. In recent years, the phenomenon of groundwater over-pumping in Yantai City is increasingly serious and seawater intrusion problems also occur constantly. Further investigation of seawater intrusion status in Yantai city, analysis of correlation of seawater intrusion and over exploitation of groundwater, combined with the actual situation of Yantai City, explore the mode of groundwater resources utilization in seawater intrusion area. For the effective prevention of seawater intrusion, it has important significance to do the efficient development and utilization of groundwater resources well.
Water Strategy Decisions
Authors: Fu Yi Jing , Zeng Ping , Chen Jie , Zhao Xin Chao
Published: August 2013

We construct two models prediction and strategy decision to simulate the optimal water strategy. Our ultimate goal is to optimally develop an effective, feasible, and cost-efficient water strategy in order to solve water crisis. Prediction model falls into a basic model and two extended models. The basic one models the problem as an improved gray prediction model (IGM). By applying IGM to fresh water needs and storage projection, we can predict future available water distribution that closely parallel to historical data. Typically, by predicting agricultural, industrial and daily-life needs separately, we obviously improve the precision of water needs projection model. Strategy decision use Water Strategy Decision (WSD) algorithm we proposed. In the graph we constructed every node represents a province and every edge means a fresh water dispatching strategy with weight. The weight of an edge is determined by AHP model in consideration of the estimation of economic, physical and environment factors.
Research on Urban Smart Water Resource Emergency Management Development Based on New Information Technology
Authors: Yu Tian , Jiang Yun Zhong , Yang Ming Xiang
Published: August 2013

Extreme meteorological and hydrological events occur frequently caused by global climate change and intensify human activities, make urban water resources problems becomes more complicated, bring about important influence on urban flood control safety, water supply safety, water ecological security, water environmental security, need new technologies as support urgently. New information technology related with urban water resources emergency management, including Internet of things, cloud computing, geographic information technology, are discussed in the paper, on the basis of which the concept and core contents of urban smart water resources emergency management are proposed, through the construction of urban smart water resources management system, coordinated, dynamic, refined and smart emergency management of sudden water disaster events are achieved.
Model Study of the Water Exchange in a Shallow Bay
Authors: Liu Hao , Luo Dan , Kang Hong Xuan , Yin Bao Shu
Published: August 2013

Both the tidal prism and the water exchange duration can be used as the index of examining the residence time of the pollutants in a semi-enclosed bay, and it is significant to predict the long-term variation of water quality. A 3-dimensional coastal circulation model is used to reproduce the tidal regime in the Shenhu Bay. Simulated tidal currents are examined first, and the then the tidal prism is also compared to observations. Based on the validated simulations, the water exchange duration is further estimated by means of the numerical experiment. The simulations show that the half-exchange and 80%-exchange time are about 14 and 30 d, respectively.
Optimal Allocation of Water Resources of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Based on Multi-Objective Programming
Authors: Zhang Chao Liang , Fang Yong , Luo Jin Chuan , Bo Lin
Published: August 2013

Water resources are the most valuable natural resources for human's survival and development, and the strategic resources of the national economic and social development. Reasonable utilization and allocation of water resources are the fundamental guarantee for the sustainable development strategy in China. So this paper first forecasts the demand of water for each region, then establishes a multi-objective optimization model of water resources and investigates quantitative methods for the social, economic and environment objectives. According to the specific circumstances of each region, we optimally allocate the water resources in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.
Quantifying Impact of Climate Change on Watershed Hydrologic Cycle Based on Multi-GCM Model
Authors: Shi Yu Zhi , Liu Hai Jiao , Fan Ming Yuan , Huang Ji Wen
Published: August 2013

Single climate model has much uncertainty on quantifying climate change, this paper proposes a new method, reliability ensemble averaging based on Bayesian weighted average (REA-BMA) to calculate the comprehensive climate change and then combines large-scale distributed watershed hydrologic cycling model SWAT to quantifying the effect of future climate change on basin water resources. The data sets from 1961 to 2040 of GCM models (HadCM3, CGCM3, BCCR, CSIRO) and three emission scenarios (A2, A1B and B2) are taking for uncertainty analysis and Huntai River basin in China is selected as study case. The results show that the proposed method could efficiently quantify the affect of climate change on watershed hydrologic cycle.
Research on Influences of Global Climate Change on Water Resources in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhai Jian Qing , Tao Hui , Ye Xu Chun
Published: August 2013

The study explored global climate change influence on water resources in Yellow River basin. A HBV hydrological model was developed to simulate the rainfall-runoff relationship at the region. Importing the CCLM climate model data, runoff at Lijin station was obtained in 2000-2039. The results indicate: (1) the annual average runoff depth is 1213mm, runoff in summer is larger than in spring,autumn and winter. The water resources decrease in three months (March, April and Jun) and increase in other months. (2) for inter-annual variations, the water resources increases slightly, and increase trend is about 64.8mm/10a. Water resources are insufficient in 200-2016, and rise gradually from 2017. (3) for different decades, the water resources are lack relatively in 2001-2010 and 2011-2020, and the differences are-59.4mm and-76.0mm respectively. While, the water resources in 2021-2030 and 2031-2039 are abundant, and the differences are 90.6mm and 88.8mm respectively.
Research on Various Operation Modes of Geheyan Hydropower Station Reservoir in the Qingjiang River
Authors: Wang Cheng Hao , Liu Ji , Xuan Ying Ji
Published: August 2013

According to the characteristics and main task of the Geheyan hydropower station reservoir in the Qingjiang River, the problem of how to use reservoir storage capacity to cope with the contradictions between the flood control and power generation, reliability and economy of hydropower station, the supply and demand of power when runoff cannot be accurately forecasted. Aiming at these problems, various operation modes of Geheyan hydropower station are presented in this paper. In order to pursue maximizing generation benefit, considering both hydro condition and adjust peak requirement of power system, the expected benefit as the objective function is presented. Comparisons are conducted for three various operation modes. The results show that dynamic programming successive approximations (DPSA) is better than other algorithms, whose average annual generation and generating guarantee rate increase obviously compared to the effects of other algorithms.
Sustainable Water Management on Reclaimed Water Use - A Case of Tianjin
Authors: Li Xiu Ping , Huang Yan Ying , Li Ning Tao , Wen Chen , Xu He
Published: August 2013

Tianjin, due to its severe shortage and inefficient use of water resource, is now facing many problems such as land substance, pollutions of wastewater irrigation etc., which will restrict its sustainable development of social economy. As a newly, useful, and potential unconventional water resource, reclaimed water can be used broadly to improve the unsatisfied situation of water utilization in Tianjin. In this paper, based on an analysis of the status of present reclaimed water use project and associated plans of future reclaimed water utilization, the authors gave a detailed discuss on the existed problem of reclaimed water use, and then put forward some relative suggestions and recommendations about the sustainable management of reclaimed water utilization in Tianjin, such as management mechanism, reclaimed water price and economic stimulating mechanism, constructions of infrastructure, supporting of science and technology, laws and policies, and supervision system and public participation.
The Potential Utilization of Satellite Derived Rainfall in a Data-Scarce Basin
Authors: Adjei Kwaku Amaning , Ren Li Liang , Appiah-Adjei Emmanuel Kwame , Odai Samuel Nii
Published: August 2013

This study assessed the potential for the use of satellite derived rainfall in a data-scarce basin like the Black Volta in West Africa. Using a point to pixel approach, accumulations of ground measurements on daily, monthly and annual time scales were compared with accumulations derived from 0.1° resolution daily gridded satellite Rainfall Estimates (RFE). The results from the analysis of the RFE data showed monthly correlations ranged from 0.76 to 0.92 when compared with the rain gauge measurements. These results obtained, indicate “good” to “very good” in terms of correlation (r) for the monthly and annual datasets. The study found that the use of satellite derived rainfall, like the RFE from FEWSNET, in the basin would be of great benefit considering the difficulties in accessing data both locally and from the other riparian countries; but its analysis and use should be on the monthly and annual scales.
Experimental Study on Fish Attractive Effects of Artificial Reef Models
Authors: Zhang Yu Xiang , Zheng Xi Lai
Published: August 2013

In order to observe the attraction effects of the artificial reef models onAlepocephalus, the behavior and distribution ofAlepocephalusin the experimental flume under the presence of five reef models with different shapes and structures were studied using experimental ethology method, and the attraction effects of different reef models were compared. The results indicate that the distribution ofAlepocephalusis rather dispersed when no reef model is put into the marked area of the flume, and they prefer to stay in relatively dark area. In this case, theAlepocephalusdistribution ratio of the reef marked area is 7%. When reef models are put into the marked area,Alepocephalusshows obvious positive taxis to them. And theAlepocephalusdistribution ratio of the reef marked area increased to a level between 16 % and 29 %. In addition, the apertured cubical reef model shows the best attraction effect with a distribution ratio of 29 %.
Hourly Simulation Study of Intermittent Operating Conditions for Ground Heat Exchanger in the Hot Summer and Warm Winter Areas
Authors: Hu Ying Ning , Kong Na , Hu Shan Shan
Published: August 2013

This paper dynamically simulates the soil source heat pump air conditioning system of a library in Nanning with the eQUEST software combined with the geology and climate characteristics, unit parameters. Comparing the simulated values with the measured values to verify the correctness of the model. Then simulate and analyze the variation of ground temperature rise at well bore with long-term intermittent operation for the system and the influence of different well spacingground and backfill materials thermal conductivitywell depth on the outlet temperature and the ground temperature rise at well bore. The simulation results show that the reasonable selection of relevant parameters has important significance to improve the operating performance and economy of the system.
Research on the Protection of Historic Building Features in the Reconstruction of the Old City
Authors: Peng Yao
Published: August 2013

Along with the depth of the process of urbanization, more and more attention has been paid to the protection of the historic buildings, while the design of the renovation is an important component during the constructing. Many historical buildings were damaged due to improper protection method. So protection methods should have a principle. Principle of "authenticity" is an important protection principle generally recognized in the world. Historical building protection should be based on principles of "authenticity". In the renovation of historic city, people should attach great importance to the protection of architectural features,including architectural style, architectural form, architecture color, architectural language.
Thermal Contribution Rates of Double-Heat Sources of the Direct-Expansion Solar-Ground Source Heat Pump System in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Area
Authors: Hu Ying Ning , Zang Jia Wei , Lin Jun , Hu Shan Shan
Published: August 2013

According to the energy-consuming characteristics of buildings in hot summer and warm winter area, a direct-expansion solar-ground source heat pump system is put forward. This system runs the direct-expansion solar heat pump system in summer and direct-expansion solar-ground source heat pump system in transition season and winter to produce hot water. The article analyses the thermal contribution rates of double-heat sources of the system under various working conditions in different seasons. Results indicate that the total area of solar evaporators matches the power of units and the matching value is 2.18m2/kW. When the average daily total solar radiation is 15.8MJ/m2 in summer, 11.2MJ/m2 in transition season and 11.2MJ/m2 in winter, the unit area heat transfer are respectively about 1.48kW/m2, 1.1kW/ m2 and 0.43kW/m2. The annual solar thermal contribution rate is 46.4% and the annual soil thermal contribution rate is 32%, which can reduce 57.96% quantity of heat absorbing from the soil.
Simulating and Analyzing of Smoke Movement in a Corridor of High-Rise Building under Natural Exhaust
Authors: Shi Wei , Gao Fu Sheng
Published: August 2013

The natural smoke exhaust is as acknowledged as a common smoke control manner, with simple form and does not require additional energy support either with the complex exhaust facilities. In this paper, the field model FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) with a combination of zone model CFAST (Consolidate Fire and Smoke Transport) were used to simulate the natural smoke exhaust in a straight corridor of a high-rise hotel, for the propose of evaluate fire safety of smoke exhaust. The major discussing factors are the outdoor wind direction, wind speed, et al. Height of smoke layer interface was used to evaluate the effect of smoke exhaust. The conclusions were obtained as followed. As the outdoor wind speed increases, the outdoor windows in the windward effects worse in natural smoke exhaust, but the window in the leeward side effects better.
The Primary Research of Landscape Urbanism in Campus Landscape Architecture
Authors: Cong Lin Lin , Feng De Quan
Published: August 2013

Based on the landscape urbanism theory and the shortcomings of the application ,this article expounds the necessity of introducing the landscape design course.Combing with the real classroom teaching expericence, it discusses the theory of landscape urbanism and the application in the campus landscape Architecture.