bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pit and fissure depth in the enamel of mandibular third molars: An open gate for microleakage?
Authors: Zmener Osvaldo , Pameijer Cornelis , Boetto Ana , Picca Mariana
Published: December 2021

The aim of this descriptive ex vivo study was to evaluate qualitatively the depth of pit and fissures (P&F) of the enamel in human mandibular third molars. Fifty (n=50) extracted human mandibular third molars were cleaned and disinfected. All tooth surfaces were coated with nail varnish except for a 1-mm margin around the periphery of the occlusal surface. The teeth were immersed for 48 hours at 37 °C in 1% methylene blue dye solution prepared in artificial saliva. After cleaning, the crowns were separated from the root at the cementoenamel junction and subsequently sectioned longitudinally in buccolingual direction at the location of the central fossa. All sections were examined using a stereoscopic microscope and photographed. The images were downloaded on a computer. The length of penetration of the P&F was recorded using the following scoring system: C1: P&F extended to half of the enamel thickness; C2: P&F extended beyond half of the enamel thickness without reaching the dentine-enamel junction; C3: P&F extended to the dentine-enamel junction. For pits, C1, C2 and C3 were observed in 35, 9 and 6 teeth, respectively, while for fissures, C1, C2 and C3 were observed in 15, 18 and 17 teeth, respectively. The P&F detected in the samples extended to the deepest portions of enamel, quite frequently reaching the enamel-dentine junction. Clinicians should recognize that even if pits and fissures are not clinically obvious, they penetrate deep into the enamel and frequently reach the dentine-enamel junction. Effective treatment is recommended to block access to P&F, thus preventing ingress of bacteria.
Unhealthy lifestyles and their deleterious relationship with infections: A Narrative Review
Authors: Agarwal Shashi K
Published: December 2021

Infection morbidity and mortality generate a significant global health burden. Several pandemics throughout human history have caused considerable suffering and killed millions of people. The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic is one such example. Individual lifestyles, if healthy, have been shown to modulate immune function and help fight infection. The five most important lifestyles are diet, obesity, exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. A favorable lifestyle or a prudent change result in reducing the risk and severity of infections. These include several viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections. The medical scientific literature is loaded with large well-done studies that have focused on the individual role of these lifestyles. A direct connection has been identified and verified in most cases. This manuscript provides a narrative review of this lifestyle-infection relationship. The aim is to raise the awareness of health care providers on the significant impact healthy lifestyles can have on infectious diseases. It is hoped that disseminating this data will translate into improved healthcare.
Empowering Small Businesses with Financial Technology: The Road Less Travelled
Authors: Akter Roksana , Priyodarshini Adrita , Barua Suborna
Published: December 2021

Financial services remain untapped by most of the small business owners in Bangladesh. This limited access to mobile financial services and FinTech presents a business opportunity for the FinTech startups in the market. TallyKhata and Upayare digital financial services platforms visualizing to capture the untapped sector by becoming one of the first movers in the industry. This article has studied the cases of TallyKhata and Upay in empowering small businesses in Bangladesh through the services that have made business transactions and credit management hassle-free.
Images – Penile pain in the setting of end-stage renal disease: An unusual anatomic location for calciphylaxis
Authors: Nisar Ummah Salma , Cheville John C. , Sturgis Charles D.
Published: December 2021

In this report, we present a case of penile calciphylaxis, an extremely rare and serious condition occurring in association with dysregulation of systemic calcium metabolism in the setting of chronic renal impairment. Calciphylaxis can occur at various body sites and is associated with diffuse vascular calcifications in small and medium-sized arteries of the involved tissues. Penile calciphylaxis has a grim prognosis. Calciphylaxis is an important etiologic differential diagnosis for penile necrosis and penile pain in patient’s being treated with dialysis for end-stage kidney disease. Diagnosis of penile calciphylaxis is possible via clinical and radiological evaluations. Medical management may alleviate symptoms; however surgical interventions may be necessary, and histological studies may allow for definitive classification.
Phosphorus Retention of a Permeable Reactive Barrier Surpassed by an Unvegetated Artificial Pond
Authors: Summers Robert , Weaver David
Published: December 2021

An artificial pond bisected by a phosphorus (P) retentive permeable reactive barrier (PRB) alongside Forrest Highway, Coolup, Western Australia was designed to remove P from farmland runoff. The pond bed was made of subsoil and road construction materials likely to have a relatively high P sorption capacity, and there was no vegetation in the bed of the pond. Flow through the pond was intercepted by the PRB, constructed from a mixture of sand, coarse crushed limestone, and bauxite residue (with 10% phospho-gypsum). The effectiveness of P removal and the impact of the PRB was measured by comparing the concentration of contaminants immediately either side of the PRB with established standards, and against background levels in runoff from surrounding farmland. Using coarse limestone to increase flow through the PRB failed where permeability was insufficient to avoid overtopping of the PRB and the wall had to be lowered to allow by-pass and avoid collapse. The PRB was effective in removing total P (TP); however, the influent TP concentration was low (mean 0.19 mg L -1 ) because most P entering from farmland was retained in the shallow pond upstream of the PRB. Despite this, TP removal by the PRB was 53% (2009–2012). Occasionally, in spring when the pond was stagnant and anaerobic, P was released from the PRB. This minor P release coincided with a minor release of iron, consistent with anaerobic conditions found in the PRB. Although not designed to do so, the shallow pond upstream of the PRB reduced the TP concentration from farmland by 85% (mean 1.26 mg L -1 down to 0.19 mg L -1 ), mainly by reducing filterable reactive P concentration. Some elements (arsenic, cobalt, conductivity, fluoride, manganese, molybdenum, pH, selenium, uranium and vanadium) were increased by flow through the PRB, but were low relative to surrounding waters and environmental standards
Sonic identity and audio branding elements in Spanish radio advertising
Authors: Barrio Fraile Estrella , Enrique Jiménez Ana María , Barbeito Veloso María Luz , Fajula Payet Anna
Published: December 2021

The emotional potential of sound is an excellent resource for companies and institutions seeking to test new ways of communicating with their stakeholders through the senses. However, there are still few organizations that include sound as a conveyer of their corporate identity. Audio branding aims to expand the contact points with audiences by incorporating sound elements that facilitate the recognition of the brand's values. This research attempts to understand the use that corporations make of sound as a communication tool and to evaluate its presence, but above all it wants to find out if this use is due to a strategic approach or if it is a specific decision marked by the temporality of advertising campaigns. For this reason, in this paper we have taken the radio as an advertising media. On the one hand, because it is the sound media par excellence. On the other hand, because it is where we can find the most well-known modes of audio branding such as the brand song, the jingle or the sonotype. The sample, composed of 239 inserts from the 3 generalist radio channels with the highest audiences in Spain, reveals that only 21% of items contain an element of audio branding, indicating that this is a field yet to be explored by organizations.
El anuncio de Ortega y Gasset del progreso regresivo hacia el individualismo en red
Authors: Núñez Ladevéze Luis , Núñez Canal Margarita , Álvarez de Mon Ignacio
Published: December 2021

En la Meditación de la técnica y La rebelión de las masas, Ortega y Gasset anticipó que los medios de comunicación producían una interdependencia mundial que actualmente denominamos «globalización». Siguiendo la crítica orteguiana al idealismo, el texto concibe el medio de comunicación como una prótesis añadida al sensorio humano que amplía ilimitadamente el campo de observación ceñido a los sentidos. El acceso generalizado de otras culturas al conocimiento científico europeo y la propagación de las prótesis técnicas en la interacción de la red —un ámbito global de relaciones cara a cara sin distancia— genera una alteración en la supremacía cultural que se desplaza de Occidente a Oriente, lo cual fue anunciado hace un siglo por el filósofo español al presagiar que Europa no mandaría en el mundo.
Análisis del discurso de odio sobre la islamofobia en Twitter y su repercusión social en el caso de la campaña «Quítale las etiquetas al velo»
Authors: Zamora  Medina Rocío , Garrido Clemente Pilar , Sánchez Martínez Jorge
Published: December 2021

En el nuevo ecosistema mediático, las redes sociales se convierten en espacios clave para canalizar creencias políticas de odio, ideologías y acciones. Dada la escasez de trabajos empíricos en España sobre el discurso islamófobo en las redes sociales, esta investigación ofrece un análisis cuantitativo riguroso de la conversación social en Twitter generada a raíz de la campaña lanzada en 2019 bajo el título «Quítale las etiquetas al velo», con la que la Fundación Al Fanar para el Conocimiento Árabe, con apoyo de Twitter, pretendió desarticular las visiones estereotipadas de la mujer musulmana. Se llevó a cabo un análisis cuantitativo del impacto generado por el tuit principal de la campaña y la emisión de los dos hilos de información posteriores. La muestra (N = 1.545) la conformaron cada uno de los comentarios registrados en el tuit inicial de la campaña (N = 747) y en los dos hilos posteriores (N = 603 y N = 195). Se intenta averiguar quién participó en la conversación, los temas, el tono y la principal acción que la definió. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis crítico del discurso de los cinco tuits más determinantes en cada una de las acciones. Los resultados demostraron una superioridad occidental que califica al islam de manera despectiva. La interacción social entre los participantes fue escasa y se detectaron acciones islamófobas coordinadas de tipo ideológico en los contenidos promocionados por Twitter.
A Gradient Harmonic Grammar Account of Nasals in Extended Phonological Words
Authors: Revithiadou Anthi , Markopoulos Giorgos
Published: December 2021

The article aims at contributing to the long-standing research on the prosodic organization of linguistic elements and the criteria used for identifying prosodic structures. Our focus is on final coronal nasals in function words in Greek and the variability in their patterns of realization before lexical words. Certain nasals coalesce before stops and delete before fricatives, whereas others do not. We propose that this split in the behavior of nasals does not pertain to item-specific prosody because the relevant strings are uniformly prosodified into an extended phonological word (Itô & Mester 2007, 2009). It rather stems from the contrastive activity level of nasals in underlying forms in the spirit of Smolensky & Goldrick’s (2016) Gradient Symbolic Representations; nasals with lower activity coalesce and delete in the respective phonological environments, whereas those with higher activity do not. We show that the proposed analysis captures certain gradient effects that alternative analyses cannot account for.
Preface
Authors: Torres-Tamarit Francesc , Cabré Teresa
Published: December 2021

Preface.
Potenciando la competencia intercultural a través de portafolios socioculturales en la clase de ELE
Authors: Colomer Vicens
Published: December 2021

Las competencias comunicativas sociocultural e intercultural son probablemente las más difíciles de potenciar en un contexto de aprendizaje de no-inmersión lingüística. Su dificultad reside, primero, en el contexto de aprendizaje y, segundo, en preguntas que los profesores de lengua extranjera nos formularnos: qué cultura llevar al aula, cómo decidir qué parte de la cultura asociada a la lengua meta de estudio es la pertinente, cómo este aprendizaje afecta a la identidad de nuestros estudiantes, etc. Respondiendo a estos planteamientos y dudas, hemos creado una herramienta académica para la mejora de estas competencias, los e-portafolios reflexivos socioculturales, que presentamos y analizamos aquí.
Introducción: la creación de materiales para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de ELE
Authors: Cerdeira Núñez Paula
Published: December 2021

Introducción: la creación de materiales para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de ELE
La creación y la adaptación de material didáctico para las clases virtuales de ELE en el contexto de la COVID-19
Authors: Emilse Cioccolanti Lorena
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la creación y la adaptación de material didáctico para la clase virtual de ELE en el contexto de la COVID-19. Por un lado, se exponen los resultados obtenidos al pilotar un corpus lingüístico de material didáctico digital. Por el otro, los datos recabados de una investigación de corte cuantitativo, cuyo instrumento de recolección consistió en un cuestionario en línea, dirigido a profesores del sector. De acuerdo con los resultados, la adaptación del material didáctico fue percibida como un asunto problemático, siendo la falta de tiempo la principal limitación.
Análisis del tratamiento de unidades fraseológicas en los recursos didácticos para estudiantes de ELE
Authors: Mejía Eva
Published: December 2021

Las unidades fraseológicas (UFS) juegan un papel importante en la comunicación por sus funciones lingüísticas, sociolingüísticas y pragmáticas y, por ello, su inclusión en la clase de español lengua extranjera (ELE) es esencial. Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre el tratamiento que se les da en los diversos recursos didácticos. Este artículo se enmarca en el desarrollo de la fraseodidáctica y muestra los resultados del estudio de UFS en distintas herramientas didácticas utilizadas en la clase de ELE: un manual y dos diccionarios (bilingüe y monolingüe) con el fin de analizar su utilidad para el aprendizaje.
El tratamiento de las locuciones en los manuales de ELE de nivel avanzado (B2)
Authors: Zhu Haiyang
Published: December 2021

Las locuciones son unidades léxicas complejas que se caracterizan por su alto grado de idiomaticidad y su inmutabilidad formal, razón por la cual para los estudiantes de lengua extranjera (LE), comprender y aprender estas expresiones estereotipadas no es una tarea fácil, por lo tanto, se suelen quedar en un segundo plano en la clase de LE. En el presente artículo, tenemos como objetivo investigar el tratamiento que reciben las locuciones en los manuales de ELE más recientes con el fin de revelar las deficiencias que existen.
Association of GEMIN4 gene polymorphisms with the
risk of colorectal cancer in the Polish population
Authors: Cieślak Adrianna , Galita Grzegorz , Mik Michał , Dziki Łukasz , Dziki Adam , Sokołowski Igor , Popławski Tomasz , Majsterek Ireneusz
Published: December 2021

Aim: Gem-associated protein 4 (GEMIN4), a member of the GEMIN gene family, is a key compound of the regulating factors responsible for miRNA biogenesis. Genetic variability within this gene can alter the risk for development of colorectal cancer (CRC) as was shown for other genes involved in miRNA biogenesis. Therefore, presented study was intended to identify genetic variants of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GEMIN4 gene (rs1062923, rs2740348 and rs910925) and their relationship with CRC.

Methods: The study comprised 203 patients and 179 age and sex matched controls. Genotyping of GEMIN4 gene variants was done using Taqman® assay. The association of GEMIN4 variants with CRC was done by odds ratio analysis. Haplotype analysis was done to see the combined effect of studied variants on CRC.

Results: Patients carrying all variant genotypes for GEMIN4 rs1062923 (odds ratio [OR]= 0.205; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.1034–0.4065 for CC variant and [OR] = 0.1436; [CI] = 0.0869–0.2373 for CT variant, respectively) and GEMIN4 rs2740348 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.4498; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.2342–0.8637 for CC variant and [OR] = 0.3986; [CI] = 0.2043–0.7776 for CG variant, respectively) showed significant association in lower occurrence of cancer, whereas in case of GEMIN4 G/C rs910925 variant genotype, no significance correlation was found.

Conclusion: Our study gives a substantive support for the association between the GEMIN4 gene variants/miRNA biogenesis and CRC risk.
ACTIVE LEARNING OF STUDENTS – NEED OR NECESSARY IN ONLINE TEACHING
Authors: Krajewska Anna
Published: December 2021

The subject of research is the concept of active learning by students. The aim is to demonstrate its value and the possibility of using it in a pandemic of COVID 19 to a digital learning environment, in online teaching. The values inherent in this concept, in the construction of own knowledge by students, were analyzed. This is confirmed by the results of empirical research as well as in the practice of education. The use of this concept by teachers in a digital learning environment requires increased effort, but its effects increase the quality of the desired learning outcomes by students. Therefore, in the conditions of a pandemic of COVID 19, these actions are not only need but necessary.
THE IMPACT OF QUARANTINE ON PROCRASTINATION AMONG STUDENTS POLISH MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES – THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT
Authors: Jopkiewicz Agata , Jopkiewicz Maria
Published: December 2021

Procrastination is defined as the delaying of making decisions or completing obligatory tasks. It is a constant but unadaptive behavioural pattern of an individual, making life difficult. Procrastination affects an individual’s psychological and physiological functioning, and is associated with habitual screen time, sleep disturbances, low self-esteem, loss of psychological control over time. The aim of the article is to present the phenomenon of procrastination and the planned research project on this still not fully recognized phenomenon
Change in the Microstructure of Ferritic Stainless Steel with Surface Roughness and the Number of Thermal Cycles
Authors: SONG Myoung Youp
Published: December 2021

One of the candidates for metallic interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells is ferritic stainless steel, Crofer 22 APU. Ferritic stainless steel Crofer 22 APU specimens with different surface roughness were prepared by grinding with SiC powder papers of various grits and then thermally cycled in air. Variation in the microstructure of the samples having different roughness with thermal cycling was investigated. Polished Crofer 22 APU specimens after three and five thermal cycles had relatively flat oxide layers with thicknesses of about 13.8 and 17.9 μm, respectively. Micrographs of a trench made by milling with FIB (focused ion beam) for a Crofer 22 APU specimen ground with grit 80 SiC powder paper after 8 thermal cycles (total oxygen exposure time of 200 h at 1073 K), captured by ESB (energy selective back-scattering) and SE2 (type II secondary electrons), showed that the surface of the sample was very coarse and its oxide layer was undulated. In the oxide layer, the phase of the sublayer was Cr2O3, and that of the top layer was (Cr, Mn)3O4 spinel. The surface of the sample ground with grit 80 SiC powder paper was very rough after 60 thermal cycles (total oxygen exposure time of 1500 h at 1073 K). The polished Crofer 22 APU is a better applicant to an interconnect of SOFC than those with rougher surfaces.
Computational Workflow for Three-Dimension Printing in Construction: Digital Tools and Methodological Limitations
Authors: Shi Anqi , Shirowzhan Sara , M.E. Sepasgozar Samad
Published: December 2021

Three-dimensional printing in construction (3DPiC) is known as a trending technology in the construction industry. While scholars and practitioners seek to learn more about the applications of 3DPiC, there are no efficient workflows and open data sets available for further investigations. This paper intends to present the data produced in a laboratory for creating new models. The paper first presents the experimentation data collected from 60 models, and selected thermal digital images can be used for further sustainability analysis. The recorded data includes the time of crafting each layer of the model, the total time of creating a model and thermal measures. Based on the 60 experimentations and an intensive literature review, the paper presents a proposed computational workflow, including the use of Revit, Dynamo, Fusion 360, Navisworks and a selected 3D printer, which can be utilised for further data collection and analysis in the field. This model will assist in automating the cost estimation as an upgrade for 3DPiC. This paper is helpful for scholars and practitioners since it shows how laboratory data can be helpful for construction operation design.
Assessment of Top Management Commitment and Support on IS Risk Management Implementation in the Business Organization
Authors: Aramide Sanusi Fasilat , Kaur Johl Satirenjit
Published: December 2021

Information system has become a strategic tool for business organization, its wide usage and acceptance has increased the flexibility of commercial activities and business sustainability. The use of internet technology has also promoted business networking, information sharing, knowledge acquisition, and prompt decision-making. Meanwhile, efficiency of IS is anchored on the commitment and support of top management in terms of policy and strategy formulation. This paper analyses the impact of top management commitment and support on IS risk management implementation in the business sector. The study employed a narrative method of literature review that critically analyzed the importance of top management commitment and support on information system risk management implementation within the business organization. Relevant information was obtained from Scopus, Web of Science, Research Gate and google scholar. It was found that IS improves task efficiency through effective communication and job automation. Therefore, organizations need to control and prevent the possibility of IS risk occurrence in their operations to promote competitive advantage and sustainable performance. Hence, and it is the responsibility of executive arm of organization to guide, direct, and control IS risk management implementation for performance advantage.
Pathophysiology ofH. pylori
Authors: Dawood Karam , Mamdooh Israa
Published: December 2021

Helicobacter species were known for long as a causative agent of gastritis. H. pylori associated gastritis is characterized by the presence of acute and chronic inflammation. Previously, it was believed that in H. pylori gastritis, fundic inflammation was less important than that of the antral mucosa. However, H. pylori and gastroesophageal reflux disease create, or arise concurrently, may also be caused by the anatomical role of the inflammatory cell infiltrate. The source of H. pylori is mostly unknown. H. pylori has a small host range and is present in people and some non-human primates nearly exclusively. In rare cases, the presence of pets may be a concern for H. pylori infection; hence, pets should be isolated. There is also no definitive proof for zoonotic H. pylori transmission. The direct transmission from person to person, either oral or fecal-oral route or both, is expected to lead to new infections. H. pylori colonization is not an infection itself, but it impacts the relative likelihood that multiple pathological conditions of the upper gastrointestinal tract and even the hepatobiliary tract will grow. Therefore, H. pylori examination alone is not relevant but can be done in order to ascertain the cause of a basic disorder, such as peptic ulcer disease or to avoid disease, for example in subjects with family gastric carcinoma. A positive test result will validate the procedure, and a negative test result can suggest that other etiological causes or prevention steps needs to be examined. Gastritis is divided into acute and chronic. Several virulence factors play a role in the disease such as cag PAI (Pathogenicity Island) and VacA vacuolating cytotoxin. Different adhesins and their receptors aid in H. pylori colonization and invasion. Based on analogy with other mucosal infections, it was initially assumed that a protective immune response against H. pylori would predominantly be mediated by antibodies. Subsequent experiments have indicated that the relevance of the humoral system for protective immunity is only marginal. Antibodies can effectively prevent infection and reduce colonization in animal models.
Risk Analysis in Engineering Projects
Authors: Gorbunov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

Modern business processes are characterized by a large number of random factors that can affect the characteristics of internal and external processes. The created models use the method of calculating output parameters as an operation with random characteristics of factors that affect the final results. The processes and factors of the project are divided into permanent and random. Random processes are characterized by individual distributions and characteristics. The mathematical model of a business project is formed by a program that performs operations with the characteristics of random factors and risk factors that form the business project. The generated model allows you to calculate financial flows and balances at all stages of the project implementation, and determines various indicators of its effectiveness. To optimize these indicators, it is planned to introduce anti-risk measures. The model allows you to optimize the number of such activities, taking into account their cost and the degree of impact on the project performance indicators. Using the proposed method of analyzing business projects allows you to take into account possible random factors and risk factors and make the most optimal management decisions.
Face Mask: A Novel Material for Protection against Bacteria/Virus
Authors: Govindharajan Thilagavathi , Subramoniapllai Viju
Published: December 2021

Facemask is defined as a loose-fitting device which creates a physical barrier between the mouth and nose of the individual wearing mask and likely pollutants in the immediate environment. Evolution of severe viral respiratory infectious agents such as pandemic COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome, pandemic influenza and avian influenza has driven the use of protective face masks by public and health workers. In this chapter, characteristics features and uses of different types of masks are discussed. Characteristics of various nonwoven technologies for manufacturing face masks are also discussed. Test methods and recent developments in face masks are briefly covered.
The Effect of Internal Corporate Governance of the Firm’s Performance and Firm Value in Five GCC Countries
Authors: AL Nasser Zahra
Published: December 2021

A critical glance at the literature review of GCC countries, firm performance and firm value shows that the literature does not adequately consider the uniqueness of an institutional setting such as the presence of royal family members and government officials’ members on the board. Additionally, noticeable features are not accounted for in the previous literature, such as a large involvement of relatives and the presence of a female on the board of directors. It is important to understand whether these variables matter or not in this region as this then influences the firm’s performance and firm value. Thus, this study focuses on the effect of internal CG of the firm’s performance and firm value in five GCC countries. The final sample consists of 220 firms (1,096 firm-year observations) for the fiscal year 2009 to 2013. The main finding is that there is a positive significant relationship is seen between expertise factors and firm performance. The expertise factor encompasses royal family members on the board as well as hiring one of the Big 4-auditing firms. This result is in line with a theoretical claim (agency theory), the research question expectation and empirical evidence.
The Mollusca of Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic Ocean)
Authors: Gofas Serge , Luque Ángel A. , Oliver Joan Daniel , Templado José , Serrano Alberto
Published: December 2021

An illustrated checklist of the Mollusca of Galicia Bank, a large and deep seamount off the NW Iberian Peninsula, is provided. The studied material was collected in 8 samples of Seamount 1 cruise (1987), 7 samples of ECOMARG 0709 (2009) and 36 samples of BANGAL 0711 (2011), between 615 and 1768 m. A total of 212 species are known to occur at the Galicia Bank (1 Monoplacophora, 7 Solenogastres, 3 Polyplacophora, 132 Gastropoda, 54 Bivalvia, 6 Scaphopoda, and 9 Cephalopoda), 21 of which from previous studies only. Four species are described as new, 34 species are first record in Spanish waters and another 20 species first record for the Northern Spanish waters. Over 7500 specimens, representing 104 species, were collected alive, and 87 species were represented by empty shells only. Only 53 species were detected in both Seamount 1 and BANGAL 0711; most of the species are rare and more species can be expected if exploration is continued. There is a marked difference in species composition between the summit platform (615‒1000 m) and the deeper part below 1500 m, with some genera (e.g., Colus and Limopsis) represented by alternative species. Endemism, if any, is very low and most of the species are widespread.
Clinicopathologic Appearance of Advanced Ketoacidosis With Basal Vacuolation in Renal Tubules
Authors: Ichimata Shojiro , Hata Yukiko , Nishida Naoki
Published: December 2021

Context.—

Basal vacuolization (BV) in renal tubules is a histopathologic hallmark of advanced ketoacidosis that enables us to retrospectively diagnose these cases.

Objective.—

To clarify the pathologic background and serologic findings of ketoacidosis with BV, and to reveal the pathologic findings by each pathologic background.

Design.—

We examined 664 serial autopsy cases. A systemic histopathologic examination and measurement of serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentration were performed for the cases with BV. The extent of steatosis and fibrosis in the organs and the degree of coronary artery stenosis were semiquantitatively investigated. Immunohistochemistry for adipophilin was also performed to analyze its usefulness for the pathologic diagnosis.

Results.—

Basal vacuolization was found in 16 cases, all of which showed a pathologic serum β-hydroxybutyrate concentration. The main background of ketoacidosis was considered as alcohol abuse in 6 cases, diabetes in 5, malnutrition in 3, and hypothermia and infection in 1 case each. Severe hepatic fibrosis was observed only in the alcohol-abuser group. Moreover, cardiac steatosis was more severe in patients with possible alcohol abuse than in those with other causes. Immunohistochemistry for adipophilin showed immunoreactivity consistent with BV in 13 of 16 cases. There was no correlation between β-hydroxybutyrate concentration and either the postmortem or storage interval.

Conclusions.—

Basal vacuolization may be a useful finding for detecting ketoacidosis cases in a postmortem investigation. Serum β-hydroxybutyrate was a stable and reliable compound for the definitive diagnosis of ketoacidosis in such cases. The present study showed that pathologic changes in some organs may vary by each pathologic background of ketoacidosis with BV.
Eculizumab Use in a Temporarily Dialysis-Dependent Patient With Shiga Toxin–ProducingEscherichia ColiHemolytic Uremic Syndrome With Neurological Complications
Authors: Weber Bo , Chan Dominic , Hammer Sandy
Published: December 2021

Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in children, and it is associated with thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia. Although this disease primarily affects the kidney, it can also contribute to cellular damage in other organ systems, such as the CNS. Eculizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to complement proteins to prevent complement-mediated intravascular hemolysis in atypical HUS. In STEC-HUS, complement activation also occurs by Shiga toxin, and previous cases of eculizumab use in the setting of neurological involvement have been shown to be successful. We report the successful use of eculizumab in the setting of typical STEC-HUS–induced neurological symptoms including seizure, altered mental status, and left arm weakness. The patient also experienced concomitant renal failure requiring dose adjustment for hemodialysis. Following 2 doses of eculizumab, our patient was discharged to an inpatient rehabilitation facility with resolution of her renal injury, seizures, and altered mentation without adverse effects from eculizumab throughout the admission. Based on our case study, it appears that eculizumab may be given during or between hemodialysis without dose adjustment.
From the terminological dilemma to judicial practice relating to the name of the criminal offense of human trafficking
Authors: Lazić Dragana , Vasilkov Zorančo
Published: December 2021

The subject of this paper is human trafficking. Degrading treatment, cruelty and exploitation of the difficult position of an individual make this behavior, this crime, an absolutely unacceptable social phenomenon, because it essentially annuls the achieved level of respect for human rights, above all human dignity and physical integrity of each victim. The main goal of this paper is to prove that human trafficking, but also a particularly sensitive category - children, is present in our society, in our country and that the victims of this phenomenon can be all of us, our closest, members of our families. The commitment of the international community and the efforts that all countries are making to combat this phenomenon clearly appeal to the extent to which its repercussions are negative on the life and survival of people as independent and free citizens. In the first part of the paper, a terminological distinction is made between the term individual and all other terms used as its synonyms. The next part of the paper is dedicated to the definition of human trafficking in international and national law and the analysis of comparative legal regulations in this area. The research of the frequency of human trafficking and child trafficking for adoption on the territory of the Republic of Serbia in the eleven-year period covered the last part of the work and through the research of court practice indicates the current state of this phenomenon in our society.
Trauma informed and sensitive schools
Authors: Borjanić-Bolić Emina , Ristić Ivana
Published: December 2021

Childhood trauma can have long-term adverse effects on an individual throughout childhood and into adulthood. For pupils with a traumatic experience, school can be a very challenging environment and an unpleasant experience. Problems with: concentration, ability to sit still and calmly follow classes, self-regulation skills, as well as difficulties in establishing and maintaining relationships with peers and adults are expected for traumatized school-age children. All of the above can lead to low educational achievement. In this article, the emphasis is on children and young people whose chronic traumatic experience is happening at home environment. Research indicates that the importance of teaching and other school staff is very significant in recognizing the presence of childhood trauma in the classroom, because the earlier the trauma is recognized, the sooner help can be provided to the child. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present contemporary theoretical knowledge and explain why school practice should be trauma informed. Adverse childhood experiences and trauma will be explained, also will be presented by which parameters teaching and non-teaching staff can recognize traumatized pupils in their classrooms, acquiring competencies for recognizing signs of traumatization and understanding what challenges traumatization poses to children and their ability to learn. In addition, it is important to raise awareness and recognize that trauma has consequences for those adults who work with traumatized children.
tumba de hierro del empresario Francisco Peña Vaquero
Authors: Palazón Botella Mª Dolores , Molina Gómez José Antonio
Published: December 2021

El cementerio Nuestro Padre Jesús de Murcia atesora una tumba de hierro única, impulsada por Francisco Peña Vaquero, un industrial propietario de una de las fundiciones más importantes de la Murcia en el cruce de los siglos XIX y XX, para el que el trabajo lo era todo. Sobre ese material se proyectaría un programa iconográfico que combina elementos tradicionales del mundo de la muerte con un repertorio centrado en los propios útiles de su actividad profesional. La suma de todo ello daría como resultado un catafalco desde el que se proclamaban los ideales de la resurrección cristiana a partir del esfuerzo laboral desarrollado durante la vida. Analizar estos aspectos y vincularlos con los aportes económicos y funerarios de su contexto nos dará las pautas para abordar el análisis de su significado.

The cemetery of Nuestro Padre Jesús in Murcia treasures a unique iron tomb, promoted by Francisco Peña Vaquero, an industrialist and owner of one of the most important foundries in Murcia at the crossroads of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, for whom work was everything. An iconographic program was projected on iron combining traditional elements of the world of death with a repertoire centered on the tools of his professional activity. The sum of all this would result in a catafalque from which the ideals of Christian resurrection were proclaimed from the labor effort developed during life. Analyzing these aspects and linking them with the economic and funerary contributions of their context will give us the guidelines to approach the analysis of their meaning.
muerte no existe; variaciones en los rituales de velación y cremación frente a la inhumación. Tipologías actuales de tanatorios y camposantos
Authors: Lorite Cruz Pablo Jesús
Published: December 2021

Este artículo compara los antiguos rituales funerarios de velación (celebrados en las casas) e inhumación (en los cementerios, con su ritual de costumbres, en los que la presentación del cadáver era muy importante) con los nuevos rituales de velación en los tanatorios (lugares pensados para que la muerte no exista y se camufle con la vida), la cremación y los nuevos depósitos para depositar las cenizas (árboles, lagos, columbarios escondidos en las ciudades, ceniceros comunales...) o deshacerse de ellas. En estos (mar, aire, praderas en los cementerios, circuitos de agua...) no se conserva la reliquia sino la memoria, intentando esconder la muerte y aceptando falsamente que ésta no existe.

This article compares the old funeral rituals of vigil (celebrated at home) and burial in cemeteries (with a long ritual full of customs where the presentation of the corpse was very important) with the new funeral rituals celebrated in funeral homes (places designed so that death does not exist and is camouflaged with life), the cremation and new places to deposit the ashes (trees, lakes, columbariums hidden in cities, communal ashtrays...) or getting rid of these through a new way where the relic is not preserved (sea, air, meadows in cemeteries, water circuits...), but the memory; trying to hide death and falsely accepting that it does not exist.
The Year's Work in Marlowe Studies: 2020
Authors: Lodine-Chaffey Jennifer
Published: December 2021

A review of scholarly work on Marlowe from the year 2020.
Influence of human capital on the trial and error learning process in a common pool resource (CPR) game
Authors: Guerrero Daniel , Rosell Jordi , Arroyo José Santiago
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a study regarding the behavior of Pacific-Colombian fishers in a Common Pool Resource game. Results show that decision-making depends on human capital accumulation and the learning process. Specifically, through trial and error, those players with more human capital adjust their decisions on the basis of a cooperative-collusive solution by following the feedback of their own most successful strategies in past rounds. Notably, fishers with the higher levels of formal schooling tend to harvest less because they have a better understanding of dilemma-type games and the higher benefits involved when they cooperate.
Precios de Garantía en México (2019-2020): diseño e implementación de política agrícola
Authors: Guerrero-Ortiz Pilar Lourdes , Palacio-Muñoz Víctor Herminio , Leos-Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Ocampo-Ledesma Jorge Gustavo
Published: December 2021

The producers' response to the Guarantee Price Program was analyzed through three complementary approaches: design, results, and producers´ perception. The study shows a deficient design from the construction of the problem tree and the Matrix of Indicators for Results; a low participation of producers, reflected in an idle installed capacity of 69% of the collection centers; and disinterest of the beneficiaries due to causes attributable to the program, such as the distance from the collection centers. This work contributes to the recognition of the initial problems of the policy, and thus to advance in their solution.
O cuidar da população com ética e o olhar do homem samaritano em Lc 10, 25-37: Análise de custo diária/UTI versus dose de Vacinas/imunizantes para o combate à Covid-19/2021/Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Sidiney , Souza Waldir , Andrade Bahiense Fernando Luiz , Gomes Ramos Elder , Casa Volmar Meia
Published: December 2021

O cuidado em saúde deve ser permeado pelo amor, a amizade e a solidariedade entre os indivíduos envolvidos no processo. A imagem do bom samaritano do Evangelho de Lucas é considerada modelo de cuidado e deve ser seguida por todo aquele que se pretende ético e competente no ato do cuidar. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral demonstrar, por meio de comparação de cálculos e modelos matemáticos, a variação entre o custo de UTI/Covid-19 versus custo vacina para o combate à Covid-19 tendo como premissa o cuidado da população brasileira por meio da vacinação em massa e a previsão para erradicação da doença no Brasil, considerando a imagem do bom samaritano como modelo de cuidado e de atitude ética a ser seguida. O método adotado foi o dialético-descritivo precedido de revisão de literatura com abordagem qualitativa. A análise dos dados foi feita a partir da comparação entre os valores gastos com as três doses de vacina em oposição aos gastos com internação em UTI Covid-19. O resultado obtido destaca que a variação temporal do número de mortos entre jan./21 e out./21, após o início da vacinação, obteve um índice negativo de -10,90%. Concluiu-se, que corroborando as afirmações científicas, a vacina salva, portanto, vacinar é um ato de cuidar e amar o seu próximo, a sua população e que, dentro da obrigação primária do cuidar da população é responsabilidade do Estado.
Ver o mundo pelos olhos da fé. Análise filosófico-teológica da “visão de mundo” de “padres novos”
Authors: Lopes Gonçalves Paulo Sergio
Published: December 2021

Objetiva-se neste artigo analisar filosófica e teologicamente a “visão de mundo” de dados coletados de “padres novos”.  Justifica-se esse objetivo porque a “visão de mundo” é a constituição de “imagem de mundo” e, por conseguinte, é uma força ou uma potência que permite olhar e situar-se no mundo. Nesse sentido, a “visão de mundo” de “padres novos” permite que se conceba que vejam, a partir de mundo, o próprio “mundo real” e que, por conseguinte, por exercitarem o ministério presbiteral, possam ter a contribuição da teologia para a elaboração de sua “visão de mundo”. Por isso, é fundamental que essa análise visualize, nas respostas dos “padres novos”, não apenas a descrição empírica, mas também o que subjaz e o que pode aparecer nessa “visão”, principalmente quando potencializada pela teologia. Para atingir esse objetivo, será conceituado, filosoficamente, “visão de mundo” como “imagem de mundo”, para em seguida descrever analiticamente a “visão de mundo” de “padres novos” e vislumbrar como a teologia pode levar ao aprofundamento da “visão de mundo”, possibilitando a “honestidade com o real” do mundo e a própria fé revelada, que ilumina a teologia para que seja efetivamente scientia fidei.
Realidades emergentes do mundo de hoje e perfil dos “padres novos”
Authors: Pinto Carias Celso
Published: December 2021

Em busca do perfil dos “padres novos”, em primeiro momento, o texto faz um breve relatório dos dados e uma análise preliminar dos mesmos em torno de quatro questões relativas à Visão de Mundo — principais antivalores reinantes na sociedade atual, principais valores que emanam na sociedade atual, novas realidades positivas que estão emergindo no mundo de hoje e novas realidades que se considera negativas no mundo de  hoje. Em um segundo momento, faz-se uma análise dos dados em um contexto mais amplo, configurado por uma crise civilizatória, que nos imerge em uma mudança de época, como salientou a Conferência de Aparecida. Procura-se responder em que medida o perfil dos “padres novos” responde aos desafios da evangelização na perspectiva  da renovação do Vaticano II e da tradição eclesial libertadora da Igreja na América Latina, em meio à crise atual do projeto civilizacional moderno.
Parent - Child Resemblance: Genetics, Education and Chance
Authors: Nelissen Jo M. C.
Published: December 2021

In this article, it is argued that it makes sense to define and distinguish three levels of human intelligence: intelligence as genotypical potential, intelligence as actualised in environmental interaction, and intelligence as measured by tests (IQ). This raises the questions of what
is meant by the term “intelligence as potential”, and how and in what sense does a child’s cognitive potential express the parents’ potential and genetics? The larger the number of genes involved in a certain trait, the more possibilities emerge for the formation of
new combinations for that trait. The degree of similarity between a child and their parents depends on the unique combination of innate genes in each newborn child. The more genes are connected with a human trait or ability, the more refined or intricate the structure of the distribution
for that trait in a population will be. The question of how a parents’ genes relate to their children’s genes has been studied, among other things, in ‘twin studies’. Another relevant, but complicated question concerns the relation between genetics (nature) and environment
(nurture). Nature appears to be at work in nurture, while nurture influences processes of nature. In psychological research, some DNA differences can be used to predict psychological differences, called polygenic scores. In this context, it is argued that individual cognitive growth comes
about by all kinds of influences; psychologists call such influences ‘bidirectional’ influences. It is also argued that, ultimately, it is the individual human explorative activity that is responsible and a strong catalyst for the development and mastery of human traits
and for the cognitive qualifications of all newborn children.