bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter-firm cooperation strategies to develop environmental best practices in the Colombian shipyard industry
Authors: Céspedes Ana V , Sejnaui Alejandro D , Ortega Milena M
Published: August 2017

The present work aims to develop strategies that allow implementingenvironmental best practices in the Colombian shipyard industry, a sector that has been growing for the last decade and that is identified as a potential world-class industry in the country. Collaborative work was carried out with four of the biggest Colombian shipyards and an international firm to identify legal and operational issues regarding the industrial activity, to reach unified consensus to represent the whole sector. Finally, an environmentalbest practices document was elaborated to guideshipyard operationsin the country, with the potential to be constituted as an official guide of the Colombian Ministry for the Environment.
Project and construction of oceanographic and faisheries research vessels in Spain
Authors: Núñez Basáñez José Fernando
Published: August 2017

The objective of the paper is to analyze and present the specific and innovative characteristics of the multipurpose oceanographic vessels that are currently being built in Spain. The main requirement in these types of vessels is the low level of noise radiated to the water, Silent Platform, according to ICES 209, to satisfactorily exploit the evaluation of the Fishing Resources and its dynamic position capacity for operations with remote operating vehicles. These vessels are designed to carry out a wide range of research activities and have, therefore, the most modern facilities, laboratories, and equipment to undertake scientific missions in the different marine disciplines: Marine Geology, Physical Oceanography, Chemical Oceanography, Pollution, Marine Biology, and Fisheries.
Side-boat tow to test the influence of flaps in a 2-meter planing craft model
Authors: Marín José R. , Benites Daniela A.
Published: August 2017

A small craft is considered in the planing regime when its Froude number is higher than 1.2, and under that condition its weight is mainly supported by hydrodynamic pressure acting on the bottom of the hull. It is also known that installing stern flaps at a certain angle from the bottom line will alter the trim angle and, as a consequence, the resistance exerted by the water. In this work, using the classical work from Savitsky, the resistance on a planing craft is estimated, including the effect of flaps, and then the influence of those appendages on the hydrodynamic behavior of a craft of local design was experimentally verified. The wooden model was 2.0 meters long and was side towed from an outboard powered boat, with a 3.2-m arm, in a small artificial lake. The tests were run between 5 and 12 knots, with uneven intervals due to the outboard control; the model was towed without and with flaps at 5 and 10°. Finally, experimental and empirical results for towing force and trim angle were plotted. In some of the experimental curves the presence of humps may be identified, but less pronounced than with the theoretical results. Experimental resistance values are lower than those obtained from Savistky’s formulation for no flaps; in the case of flaps at 5°, the agreement in trim angle was very good. Finally, the benefit of flaps on the performance of the planing model was corroborated, but it should be emphasized that this improvement is only valid for a certain velocity range.
Analysis of radar cross section assessment methods and parameters affecting it for surface ships
Authors: Díaz Charris Vladimir , Gómez Torres José Manuel
Published: August 2017

This article presents an analysis of the different modeling methods for predicting the radar cross section of surface ships. In the analysis, we studied the effect of different factors in vessel construction regarding the amount of electromagnetic energy returning to a radar source, such as the handling of shapes, use of different materials, and vessel size. We can see the different evaluation methods of the radar cross section and the software tools available to determine an appropriate methodology for adoption by the Colombian Navy and their subsequent integration with the design process and optimization of warships.
Computational models for anti-air and antisubmarine warfare simulation
Authors: Pérez Valdés Gustavo , Marrugo Llorente Stefany , Gómez Torres José
Published: August 2017

This paper describes the generation and simulation process of computational models oriented to the analysis of the operational situations (OPSIT) of anti-air warfare (AAW) and antisubmarine warfare (ASW), with the purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of different combinations of threats, weapons, and sensors of the Colombian Navy. A detailed description of the OPSITs modeling process is presented by using the selected discrete events simulation tool. The experiments design process and the statistical analysis of the results is also described, using a statistical analysis tool. All this to provide the Colombian Navy with a tool it can use to evaluate the systems that could be part of future units.
Generation of Three-Dimensional Image of Objects Submerged in Murky Water
Authors: Muñoz David J. , Archbold George , Delgado Geraldine , Muñoz Leydi V. , Contreras Juan
Published: August 2017

This article presents the design and implementation of a novel method to generate 3D coordinates from the projection of a laser line over a solid object and the processing of the images obtained during scanning. The result obtained is a 3D model of an isometric view that provides the possibility of being seen from different perspectives under a virtual environment. The methodology is applied in the capture and reconstruction of 3D images of objects submerged in murky waters.
Isotropic Modeling of a Composite Panel of the Stern of a Fiberglass Boat Propelled by an Outboard Motor
Authors: Townsend Valencia Patrick
Published: August 2017

We performed a theoretical and experimental study to define the best way to model the finite element sandwich structure aft of a fiberglass boat less than 15 meters in length, using an isotropic linear mathematical model that fits anisotropic material conditions. This is done by defining the properties of the ship’s fiberglass resin structure, which is representative of the influence of the forces acting during the glide on the geometry of the entire vessel. Formulation of the Finite Elements Method is presented, which works on the mathematical model to define the limitations of the results obtained. Isotropic material adjustment is calculated using Halpin-Tsai laws, developing its mathematical formulation for restrictions of modulus data entered as the finite element program experimentally calculated for each of the sandwich materials. The best-fit mathematical presentation to the modulus of the composite tool justifies the calculation thereof.
VORGES - A procedural Model for Total Ship System Engineering Develop by MTG MARINETECHNIK
Authors: Neumann André
Published: August 2017

Naval vessels are highly complex and sophisticated systems. The core issue concerning the planning of a future naval vessel is to identify operational needs, respective requirements and corresponding technical solutions, which are afordable in line with the budget. Due to the complexity of a naval vessel, it is impossible to answer thisquestion by assigning a specific amount of money to a specific requirement. To address this issue, MTG developed the procedural model for total ship system engineering – called VORGES (VOrgehensmodell GEsamtentwurf Schiff) – that starts in the very early planning phase, enabling the procuring authority to generate a referencedesign that balances functional and technical requirements with the available budget. VORGES is an iterative and flexible process of continuous evolution that additionally involves the customer and end-user. With respectto user requirements, VORGES includes the generation of several conceptual and preliminary designs at different detail levels. The resulting design alternatives will be evaluated and compared against each other for critical factorslike life cycle costs, project risks, military performance or requirements fulfilment. This will enable the procuring authority to make a comprehensive decision for the optimum design at the highest e#ciency level of budget expenditure, hence, resulting in the formulation of the technical requirements for procurement.
Indonesian Propolis Extractattenuates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Induced Renal Damage by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Blood Pressure
Authors: A. Susanto , B. Purwanto , A. Mudigdo , Suroto Suroto
Published: August 2017

Ureteral obstruction may result in permanent kidney damage. Research suggests that the Indonesian Propolis Extract (IPE) play a strong role on free oxygen radicals removal and prevents oxidative stress. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of IPE on malondialdehyde (MDA) reduction and systolic blood pressure (SBP) level down-regulationafter unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).A total of 32 rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 as control, Group 2 were rats with UUO, Group 3 were rats with UUO that were given IPE (oral 50 mg kg-1body weight) and Group 4 were rats with UUO that were given IPE (oral 100 mgkg-1 body weight). SBP level were measured once every week within duration of experiment and at day30 blood sample were taken for Malondialdehyde analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance. There were statistically significant increase in MDA and blood pressure in Group 2, while there were significant decrease for MDA and blood pressure in Group 3 and 4 (p less than 0.001). In this experiment we suggest that IPE prevents kidney damage by decreasing oxidative stress (MDA) and SBP.
Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Essential Oil from Myrtus communis
Authors: Hagos Zenebe , Mulugeta Afework , K. Gopalakrishnan V. , Chaithanya K. Krishna , B. Nagaraju
Published: August 2017

Objective: The objective of the study was to extract the essential oil and to determine the physicochemical properties, chemical composition of the essential oil from Myrtus communis leaves by using GC-MS. Methods: 500 g of the powdered material (dried leaves) was subjected to hydro-distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus for 3 hours and the essential oil was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate. The physicochemical properties essential oil such as solubility, density, specific gravity, refractive index, optical rotation, specific rotation, acid value, saponification value and ester value were determined, which are used to determine the quality of essential oils extracted from plant leaves. The chemical composition of the essential oil of Myrtus communis leaves was analysed using GC-MS. Results: The yield of essential oil of Myrtus communis leaves was 0.463  0.001 g/100 gram of dry sample which is 0.463  0.001 % (w/w) with pale yellow colour and pleasant odour. The essential oil of Myrtus communis leaves was slightly soluble in water and ethanol while it was soluble in chloroform, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. The essential oil was subjected to GC-MS analyses, twenty eight components representing 99.949 % of the total oil composition. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the extraction of essential oil from Myrtus communis leaves and GC-MS analysis, the essential oil of this plant have a potential of secondary metabolites which can be exploited as a good source of bioactive substances.
Determination of Sensitivity and Specificity of Cardio-Goniometry in Detection of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ahmadi Farzaneh , Seyedian Seyed Masoud , Abdipour Bita , Rajaee Elham , Dargahi-MalAmir Mehrdad
Published: August 2017

Background: This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of cardio-goniometry (CGM ) in detection of coronary artery disease in patients with osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis that have symptoms of chest pain through angiography or radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Study Methods and design:100 patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, according to WHO criteria suspected to have ischemic heart disease enrolled in study. The patients were studied by cardio-goniometry and then the results were compared with angiography or MPI of the same patient (selected as standard diagnosis method). then sensitivity and specificity of cardio-goniometry were calculated. Results: 71 patients underwent to angiography and in 29 patients MPI was done. In first a group 42 patients had Coronary artery disease (CAD). In MPI group 18 patients had CAD in CGM.Seventy-one of these patients underwent angiography for diagnose of ischemic heart disease .29 of them diagnosed as healthy. Of the 100 patients, 29 patients were evaluated previously using MPI to determine ischemic heart disease .11 patients diagnosed as healthy. All 100 patients were examined by cardio-goniometry among which 47 subjects were healthy and the rest subjects had significant and nonsignificant ischemia. Statistical analyses didn’t show significant difference between the results of cardio-goniometry with angiography and myocardial perfusion (p Value >0/05). the results showed the sensitivity and specificity of cardiogoniometry compared rather than angiography and cardiac scan was equal to 0/86 and 0/63. Conclusion: CGM can be suitable for screening of ischemic heart disease in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis (who cannot do exercise test).
The Correlation of Fc-gamma Receptor I (CD64) Expression and Procalcitonin in Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Angelina Zenia , Sulistijono Eko , Fitri Loeki Enggar
Published: August 2017

Objective: The aim of this study is to prove the relationship of FcγRI (CD64) expression and Procalcitonin value in earlyonset neonatal sepsis to assist in diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Method: A descriptive and analytical case control study was conducted in dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang. There were 40 children divided into two groups: 1). Group of infants with neonatal risk factors who express signs of SIRS and proven by blood culture; 2). Group of infants with neonatal risk factors who showed no sign for SIRS. Both groups were performed examination of FcγRI (CD64) expression with flowcytometry and Procalcitonin value with ELISA. Data were statistically analyzed using normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), chi square test, t test and Pearson correlation. We used SPSS 16 for this analysis. Results: The study showed that the FcγRI (CD64) expression and Procalcitonin value were higher in the infants group with proven early-onset neonatal sepsis (p less than 0.05). There was a significant relationship between FcγRI (CD64) expression and the Procalcitonin value (p=0.036). Conclusions: We conclude that expression of FcγRI (CD64) and Procalcitonin value were higher in the infants group with proven early-onset neonatal sepsis. There is a positive relationship between FcγRI (CD64) expression and Procalcitonin value in early onset neonatal sepsis
Antituberculosis Screening of Crude Extracts of M.Spicata(Dalz.) Nicolson
Authors: Karpe D. G. , Lawande S. P.
Published: August 2017

World Health Organization reports on Tuberculosis shows that TB is a big problem in the world. More than 23% cases of Tuberculosis found in India amongst global total. Plants are good sources of phytomedicines. Plants contain active constituents and are easily available in nature. The present study was done to evaluate In-vitro antituberculosis activity of crude extracts of m.spicata .We used Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) method to evaluate the antituberculosis activity. Higher concentarations of crude extracts were needed to show antitubercular activity as compared with standard reference drug Isoniazid.
Effects of Upper Limb Strengthening Exercises on Handwriting Speed in Undergraduate Students
Authors: Kamalanathan P. , Banu H. Shabreen
Published: August 2017

Back ground:- Handwriting is an essential tool required by students. It is a complex process which involves close coordination between musculoskeletal and nervous system.Objective:-To assess the effects of upper limb strengthening exercises on handwriting speed in undergraduate students Study design: - Experimental Design. Subjects: - Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30subjects were Randomly selected and Group A (15 subjects) who underwent Strengthening exercises for upperlimb and GroupB (15 subjects) who underwent Writing Practice. Results: -Statistical analysis was done by using Paired‘t’ test in which Group A(p less than .01) showed significant improvement in handwriting speed when compared with Group B. Conclusion: -Upper limb strengthening exercise programmes can be used to improve the hand writing speed.
The NBU’s Balance Sheet: before, during, and after the Crisis
Authors: Kachur Iryna , Lepushynskyi Volodymyr , Zammit Robert
Published: August 2017

Looking at the evolution of the central bank’s balance sheet gives us a unique window on the forces that have shaped our economy and central bank reaction functions. This paper considers the evolution of the NBU’s balance sheet over the period from 2001-2016, focusing on explicit and implicit monetary policy priorities at different periods. We then make simulations on the NBU’s balance sheet for the next five years assuming current NBU priorities for monetary policy. We then draw conclusions on the likely financial position of the NBU in the future and recommendations to ensure the NBU’s financial strength – essential for its continued independence.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DENGAN STATUS GIZI MAHASISWA GIZI SEMESTER 3 STIKES PKU MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Tuti
Published: August 2017

Latar Belakang:.Status gizi merupakan keadaan seseorang yang diakibatkan oleh konsumsi, penyerapan dan penggunaan zat gizi makanan. Masa remaja merupakan masa perubahan yang dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Pertumbuhan pada usia anak yang relatif terjadi dengan kecepatan yang sama, secara mendadak meningkat saat memasuki usia remaja. Peningkatan pertumbuhan mendadak ini disertai dengan perubahan-perubahan hormonal, kognitif dan emosional. Semua perubahan ini membutuhkan zat gizi secara khusus.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi dengan status gizi mahasiswa Program Studi Gizi semester 3 STIKES PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Metode Penelitian: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 40 orang. Pengambilan data asupan makan menggunakan metode recall 24 jam selama 3 hari berturut-turut. Penentuan status gizi diperoleh dari parameter IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh) dari pengukuran berat badan dalam kg dibagi dengan tinggi badan kuadrat dalam meter. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Pearson Product Moment.Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukan tidak ada hubungan asupan energi dengan status gizi ( P = 0,227), tidak ada hubungan asupan protein dengan status gizi (P = 0,162), tidak ada hubungan asupan lemak dengan status gizi (P =0.218)  dan tidak ada hubungan asupan karbohidrat dengan status gizi ( P =0.634). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan asupan zat gizi (energi, protein, lemak dan karbohidrat) dengan status gizi mahasiswa gizi semester 3 STIKES PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Kata Kunci             :    Asupan Energi, Protein, Lemak, Karbohidrat, Status Gizi.
Evidence for more cost-effective surveillance options for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie in Great Britain
Authors: Wall Ben A , Arnold Mark E , Radia Devi , Gilbert Will , Ortiz-Pelaez Angel , Stärk Katharina DC , Van Klink Ed , Guitian Javier
Published: August 2017

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are an important public health concern. Since the emergence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) during the 1980s and its link with human Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, active surveillance has been a key element of the European Union’s TSE control strategy. Success of this strategy means that now, very few cases are detected compared with the number of animals tested. Refining surveillance strategies would enable resources to be redirected towards other public health priorities. Cost-effectiveness analysis was performed on several alternative strategies involving reducing the number of animals tested for BSE and scrapie in Great Britain and, for scrapie, varying the ratio of sheep sampled in the abattoir to fallen stock (which died on the farm). The most cost-effective strategy modelled for BSE involved reducing the proportion of fallen stock tested from 100% to 75%, producing a cost saving of ca GBP 700,000 per annum. If 50% of fallen stock were tested, a saving of ca GBP 1.4 million per annum could be achieved. However, these reductions are predicted to increase the period before surveillance can detect an outbreak. For scrapie, reducing the proportion of abattoir samples was the most cost-effective strategy modelled, with limited impact on surveillance effectiveness.
An Overview of Insurance Services in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Puspa Raj
Published: August 2017

The present scenario of micro (finance and insurance) seems a lot of uncertainty. Naturally uncertainty gives birth to risk. Therefore, the need for risk-management solutions is undisputed by policy makers, who are aware that poor families can lose - in a matter of hours - assets that took years to accumulate, due to a sudden sickness or accident. The policy to provide free primary care and to a certain degree secondary care is positive step and could effectively help to reduce financial exposure of Nepal’s poor when the policy is implemented and functional on large scale. But even if this would succeed, only a part of the vulnerability is reduced: the poor still have to pay for services not covered under this policy, such as certain hospitalization cases, the transportation to health care providers, wage-loss – to name a few. The poor households currently need to finance huge amounts of health expenses (out of pocket expenditure) which are over and above their current income(s) and savings. They therefore need to resort to multiple sources of financing, of which a major source is borrowing.At present, there are 25 registered insurance companies in Nepal. Of these, 8 are private commercial life insurers, 16 are private commercial non-life insurers and 1 is composite insurer, i.e., Rastriya Beema Sansthan owned by the government.Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary StudiesVol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 12-20
A Study on Students’ Attitude Towards BBA Program at Janapriya Multiple Campus
Authors: Palikhe Amin , Adhikari Nabin Bahadur
Published: August 2017

Under the study on the students’ attitude towards BBA program at JMC is to study of macro level perspective of BBA program. This research article is based on primary and secondary data including 153 sampling and purposive with descriptive research designs. This program is student centered so that students’ participation is important to achieve the objective of the program. This study shows that political situation including environmental factors is major role to play for the effectiveness of BBA program. This is competitive program, immediately applicable, not use for every social group even though it is learn for being a good businessman, entrepreneur and development, being a middle level manager in the competitive world by using creative mind of the students. Need and use of different pedagogies, language efficiency and use and problems regarding to program and campus’s perception are disclosed in here.  Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 21-28
Role of Tax Revenue to Strengthen of Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan Corporation
Authors: Sharma Devilal
Published: August 2017

After the restoration of the democracy in Nepal, the demand for spending up decentralization process has been gained ground. As a result of increasingly assertive role of stakeholders, the enactment of local self-governance Act (LSGA), 1999 in line with 9th plan, objective had been achieved providing the base for further promotion of decentralization framework in the country. Municipal financing is new concept in Nepal. Municipal financing indicates the study of various sources of revenue (both internal and external) and their collection, allocation, mobilization and utilization of those resource in such a manner that ultimate municipal goal can be achieved through it. For sustainable development effort conducted by local government to realized revenue and evaluation such performance was done through field surveys and on the basis of existing available data and reports. Simple tabular presentation percentage tools is used to analyzed data and found PSMC is not success to collect sufficient tax revenue as its possibilities.  Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 51-60
Structure and Utilization of Receivable of Listed Non- Government Manufacturing Companies in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Kedar Raj
Published: August 2017

When the firm sells goods on credit rather than requiring immediate cash payment such kind of credit sales generate accounts receivable. Especially in small firms, accounts receivable may be factor that decides success or failure. In large firms, efficient accounts receivable management affects the firm’s risk return and share price. The volume of receivable, their composition and management affects the liquidity and profitability. They have, therefore to be managed in such a way that strikes a balance between risk and return. This paper attempts to analyse the structure and utilization of receivable of listed manufacturing companies in Nepal. The emphasis in this study is on manufacturing enterprises because they provide best laboratory for analyzing the structure and utilization of receivable. To analyze the structure and utilization of receivable, ratio analysis is used along with statistical tools such as mean and standard deviation. The analysis shows that there was wide variation in investment in receivable. The average ratio of receivable to current asset ranged between 0.35% to 58%. Similarly, utilization of receivable in terms of average collection period ranged between 1 to 195.8 days representing on average 58.62 days. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), Page: 65-72
Registration of ‘CRIS‐129’, an Early‐Maturing, Heat‐Tolerant, and High‐Yielding Cotton Cultivar
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad Zahir , Khan Muhammad Idrees , Bhutto Hidayatullah , Anjum Rehana , Majidano Muhammad Saffar , Bano Saira , Soomro Abdul Wahab , Panhwar Faiz Hussain , Channa Abdul Razzaque , Malik Tassawar Hussain
Published: August 2017

‘CRIS‐129’ (Reg. No. CV‐134, PI 682095) is an early‐maturing, high‐yielding, and heat‐tolerant upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivar. CRIS‐129 was developed at the Central Cotton Research Institute Sakrand, Pakistan, through conventional breeding (pedigree selection) methods and was the result of a cross between ‘CIM‐70’ and ‘B‐909’. CRIS‐129 performed much better than the commercial cultivars in a series of experiments conducted on cotton research stations and growers’ fields. In a 2‐yr National Coordinated Varietal Trial conducted across Pakistan, CRIS‐129 exhibited a broad range of climatic adaptability. In July 2014, it was presented before the Technical Sub‐Committee for Approval of Crop Varieties and Techniques (Director General of Research, Sindh Tandojam) for discussion and recommendations and was approved by the Provincial Seed Council on November 2014 for general cultivation in Sindh Province.
Theoretical Limits of Parameter Estimation Based on Quantized Data
Authors: Virosztek Tamás , Kollár István
Published: August 2017

Parameter estimation of band-limited periodic signals (sine and multisine waves) is a very common task in the field of measurement technology and control engineering. In the overwhelming majority of data acquisition and control systems the analog signals of the real world are sampled an quantized using analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). To estimate the parameters of the analog signal and the parameters of the quantizer from the same measurement record is an obvious need in these cases. The parameters of the recorded signal can be used to calculate the response of our system (e.g. signals of the actuators) while the parameters of the quantizer can be used to identify the transfer characteristic of the measurement channel. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the quantizer and analog signal parameters has been developed to perform this task and to provide asymptotically unbiased and efficient estimators for the quantizer and signal parameters. This paper investigates the theoretical limits of this kind of estimation: provides the Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for the covariance of the achieved estimators and compares them to CRLB values obtained using less complex signal and channel models. This article also provides a comparison of the empirical covariance of estimator populations achieved different ways to the CRLB of estimation. The major tendencies are drawn and explanation for them is provided as well.
Design of HIL for Multilevel Inverter Using Zynq-7000 Platform – Part 2
Authors: Farkas Balázs , Veszprémi Károly
Published: August 2017

Development of power electronic devices requires multi -disciplined engineering activities. These cover the thermal, electrical and software design. Due to this design complexity rapid prototyping methods and model-based design are becoming more and more important in the R&D projects in this field. This article is the second part of the series which introduces the development of Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) device for the simulation of Cellular H-Bridge inverter (CHB). Zynq-7000 platform is chosen as a hardware platform for HIL. This part focuses on the details of the model transformation, development of the hardware environment and the verification of the HIL. FPGA development is also demonstrated including interfaces, IPs and introduction of the resource utilization. Apart from them, operation of the system software in ARM core is also described including TCP/IP interface, IRQ handling and Matlab synchronisation mechanism. Finally, the Matlab interface and simulation results are introduced.
Regularization of the Spatial Inverse Positioning Problem of Revolute Joint Manipulators
Authors: Drexler Dániel András
Published: August 2017

Inverse kinematics is a central problem in robotics, and its solution is burdened with kinematic singularities, i.e. the task Jacobian of the problem is singular. A subproblem of the general inverse kinematics problem, the inverse positioning problem is considered for spatial manipulators consisting of revolute joints, and a regularization method is proposed that results in a regular task Jacobian in singular configurations as well, provided that the manipulator’s geometry makes movement in singular directions possible. The conditions of regularizability are investigated, and bounds on the singular values of the regularized task Jacobian are given that can be used to create stable closed-loop inverse kinematics algorithms. The proposed method is demonstrated on the inverse positioning problem of an elbow manipulator and compared to the Damped Least Squares and the Levenberg-Marquardt methods, and it is shown that only the proposed method can leave the singular configuration in the singular direction.
PLC Program Translation for Verification Purposes
Authors: Darvas Dániel , Majzik István , Blanco Viñuela Enrique
Published: August 2017

Programmable logic controllers are typically programmed in one of the five languages defined in the IEC 61131 standard. While the ability to choose the appropriate language for each program unit may be an advantage for the developers, it poses a serious challenge to verification methods. In this paper we analyse and compare these languages to show that the ST programming language can efficiently and conveniently represent all PLC languages for formal verification purposes. Furthermore, we provide a translation method from IL to ST programming languages (for the Siemens implementation), together with a sketch of proof for its correctness. This allows the usage of the ST-based PLCverif model checking method for safety PLC programs.
Evaluation of Optimization Strategies for Incremental Graph Queries
Authors: Szárnyas Gábor , Maginecz János , Varró Dániel
Published: August 2017

The last decade brought considerable improvements in distributed storage and query technologies, known as NoSQL systems. These systems provide quick evaluation of simple retrieval operations and are able to answer certain complex queries in a scalable way, albeit not instantly. Providing scalability and quick response times at the same time for querying large data sets is still a challenging task. Evaluating complex graph queries is particularly difficult, as it requires lots of join, antijoin and filtering operations. This paper presents optimization techniques used in relational database systems and applies them on graph queries. We evaluate various query plans on multiple datasets and discuss the effect of different optimization techniques.
On the Graphicity of the Independence Structure of Linear Active Networks
Authors: Csehi Csongor Gy. , Recski András
Published: August 2017

Consider a linear network composed of 2-terminal devices. Its interconnection structure is described by a graph G. The voltages or the currents of a subset of devices can independently be prescribed if and only if the subset of the corresponding edges in the graph G is circuit-free or cut set free, respectively.  This classical result of Kirchhoff can be generalized for networks containing multiterminal devices as well: the independence structure can be described by the circuits and cut sets of a more general abstract mathematical structure, a matroid M. However, these matroids will not always be graphic. Using some recent mathematical results for characterizing graphic structures among the matroids, here we give a physical characterization of subclasses of those active networks where M happens to be graphic.
Three-in-one approach towards efficient organic dye-sensitized solar cells: aggregation suppression, panchromatic absorption and resonance energy transfer
Authors: Patwari Jayita , Sardar Samim , Liu Bo , Lemmens Peter , Pal Samir Kumar
Published: August 2017

In the present study, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) and squarine (SQ2) have been used in a co-sensitized dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) to apply their high absorption coefficients in the visible and NIR region of the solar spectrum and to probe the possibility of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the two dyes. FRET from the donor PPIX to acceptor SQ2 was observed from detailed investigation of the excited-state photophysics of the dye mixture, using time-resolved fluorescence decay measurements. The electron transfer time scales from the dyes to TiO2 have also been characterized for each dye. The current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and the wavelength-dependent photocurrent measurements of the co-sensitized DSSCs reveal that FRET between the two dyes increase the photocurrent as well as the efficiency of the device. From the absorption spectra of the co-sensitized photoanodes, PPIX was observed to be efficiently acting as a co-adsorbent and to reduce the dye aggregation problem of SQ2. It has further been proven by a comparison of the device performance with a chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) added to a SQ2-sensitized DSSC. Apart from increasing the absorption window, the FRET-induced enhanced photocurrent and the anti-aggregating behavior of PPIX towards SQ2 are crucial points that improve the performance of the co-sensitized DSSC.
A recursive microfluidic platform to explore the emergence of chemical evolution
Authors: Doran David , Rodriguez-Garcia Marc , Turk-MacLeod Rebecca , Cooper Geoffrey J T , Cronin Leroy
Published: August 2017

We propose that a chemically agnostic approach to explore the origin of life, using an automated recursive platform based on droplet microfluidics, could be used to induce artificial chemical evolution by iterations of growth, speciation, selection, and propagation. To explore this, we set about designing an open source prototype of a fully automated evolution machine, comprising seven modules. These modules are a droplet generator, droplet transfer, passive and active size sorting, splitter, incubation chamber, reservoir, and injectors, all run together via a LabVIEWTM program integration system. Together we aim for the system to be used to drive cycles of droplet birth, selection, fusion, and propagation. As a proof of principle, in addition to the working individual modules, we present data showing the osmotic exchange of glycylglycine containing and pure aqueous droplets, showing that the fittest droplets exhibit higher osomolarity relative to their neighbours, and increase in size compared to their neighbours. This demonstrates the ability of our platform to explore some different physicochemical conditions, combining the efficiency and unbiased nature of automation with our ability to select droplets as functional units based on simple criteria.
Theoretical simulation of the infrared signature of mechanically stressed polymer solids
Authors: Sammon Matthew S , Ončák Milan , Beyer Martin K
Published: August 2017

Mechanical stress leads to deformation of strands in polymer solids, including elongation of covalent bonds and widening of bond angles, which changes the infrared spectrum. Here, the infrared spectrum of solid polymer samples exposed to mechanical stress is simulated by density functional theory calculations. Mechanical stress is described with the external force explicitly included (EFEI) method. The uneven distribution of the external stress on individual polymer strands is accounted for by a convolution of simulated spectra with a realistic force distribution. N-Propylpropanamide and propyl propanoate are chosen as model molecules for polyamide and polyester, respectively. The effect of a specific force on the polymer backbone is a redshift of vibrational modes involving the C–N and C–O bonds in the backbone, while the free C–O stretching mode perpendicular to the backbone is largely unaffected. The convolution with a realistic force distribution shows that the dominant effect on the strongest infrared bands is not a shift of the peak position, but rather peak broadening and a characteristic change in the relative intensities of the strongest bands, which may serve for the identification and quantification of mechanical stress in polymer solids.
Spatially Resolved Patchy Lyα Emission within the Central Kiloparsec of a Strongly Lensed Quasar Host Galaxy at z = 2.8
Authors: Bayliss Matthew B. , Sharon Keren , Acharyya Ayan , Gladders Michael D. , Rigby Jane R. , Bian Fuyan , Bordoloi Rongmon , Runnoe Jessie , Dahle Hakon , Kewley Lisa , Florian Michael , Johnson Traci , Paterno-Mahler Rachel
Published: August 2017

We report the detection of extended Lyα emission from the host galaxy of SDSS J2222+2745, a strongly lensed quasar at z = 2.8. Spectroscopic follow-up clearly reveals extended Lyα in emission between two images of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). We reconstruct the lensed quasar host galaxy in the source plane by applying a strong lens model to HST imaging and resolve spatial scales as small as ∼200 pc. In the source plane, we recover the host galaxy morphology to within a few hundred parsecs of the central AGN and map the extended Lyα emission to its physical origin on one side of the host galaxy at radii ∼0.5–2 kpc from the central AGN. There are clear morphological differences between the Lyα and rest-frame ultraviolet stellar continuum emission from the quasar host galaxy. Furthermore, the relative velocity profiles of quasar Lyα, host galaxy Lyα, and metal lines in outflowing gas reveal differences in the absorbing material affecting the AGN and host galaxy. These data indicate the presence of patchy local intervening gas in front of the central quasar and its host galaxy. This interpretation is consistent with the central luminous quasar being obscured across a substantial fraction of its surrounding solid angle, resulting in strong anisotropy in the exposure of the host galaxy to ionizing radiation from the AGN. This work demonstrates the power of strong-lensing-assisted studies to probe spatial scales that are currently inaccessible by other means.
Disentangling the Potential Dark Matter Origin of LIGO’s Black Holes
Authors: Magee Ryan , Hanna Chad
Published: August 2017

The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the biggest open questions in physics. One intriguing DM candidate, primordial black holes (PBHs), has faced renewed interest following the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory’s (LIGO) detection of gravitational waves from merging stellar mass black holes. While subsequent work has ruled out the possibility that DM could consist solely of black holes similar to those that LIGO has detected with masses above

, LIGO’s connection to DM remains unknown. In this work, we consider a distribution of PBHs that accounts for all of the DM, is consistent with all of LIGO’s observations arising from PBH binaries, and resolves tension in previous surveys of microlensing events in the Milky Way halo. The PBH mass distribution that we consider offers an important prediction—LIGO may detect black holes smaller than have ever been observed with ∼1% of the black holes it detects having a mass less than the mass of our Sun and ∼10% with masses in the mass gap. Approximately one year of operating advanced LIGO at design sensitivity should be adequate to begin to see a hint of a primordial black hole mass distribution. Detecting PBH binaries below a solar mass will be readily distinguishable from other known compact binary systems, thereby providing an unambiguous observational window for advanced LIGO to pin down the nature of DM.
First Spectroscopic Confirmations of z ∼ 7.0 Lyα Emitting Galaxies in the LAGER Survey
Authors: Hu Weida , Wang Junxian , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Malhotra Sangeeta , Infante Leopoldo , Rhoads James , Gonzalez Alicia , Walker Alistair R. , Jiang Linhua , Jiang Chunyan , Hibon Pascale , Barrientos L. Felipe , Finkelstein Steven , Galaz Gaspar , Kang Wenyong , Kong Xu , Tilvi Vithal , Yang Huan , Zheng XianZhong
Published: August 2017

Narrowband imaging is a highly successful approach for finding large numbers of high-redshift Lyα emitting galaxies (LAEs) up to z ∼ 6.6. However, at z ≳ 7 there are as of yet only three narrowband selected LAEs with spectroscopic confirmations (two at z ∼ 6.9–7.0, one at z ∼ 7.3), which hinders extensive studies on cosmic reionization and galaxy evolution at this key epoch. We have selected 23 candidate z ∼ 6.9 LAEs in COSMOS field with the large area narrowband survey Lyman-Alpha Galaxies at the End of Reionization (LAGER). In this work, we present spectroscopic follow-up observations of 12 candidates using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph on Magellan. For nine of these, the observations are sufficiently deep to detect the expected lines. Lyα emission lines are identified in six sources (yielding a success rate of 2/3), including three luminous LAEs with Lyα luminosities of L
Lyα
 ∼ 1043.5 erg s−1, the highest among known spectroscopically confirmed galaxies at ≳7.0. This triples the sample size of spectroscopically confirmed narrowband selected LAEs at z ≳ 7, and confirms the bright-end bump in the Lyα luminosity function we previously derived based on the photometric sample, supporting a patchy reionization scenario. Two luminous LAEs appear physically linked with a projected distance of 1.1 pMpc and velocity difference of ∼170 km s−1. They likely sit in a common ionized bubble produced by themselves or with close neighbors, which reduces the intergalactic medium attenuation of Lyα. A tentative narrow N v
λ1240 line is seen in one source, hinting at activity of a central massive black hole with metal-rich line-emitting gas.
Participation du manager au contrôle de gestion et performance managériale, une nouvelle approche
Authors: Godener Armelle , Fornerino Marianela
Published: August 2017

Au croisement du courant comportementaliste et du courant relationnel en contrôle de gestion, un modèle expliquant la Performance managériale par la Participation du manager au processus de contrôle de gestion a été développé et testé auprès de 157 managers. Il se nourrit de la transposition au contrôle de gestion des travaux du management de la connaissance. La Participation du manager comporte deux dimensions, la Contribution du manager au contrôle de gestion et l’Utilisation qu’il fait des informations qui émanent de ce processus. La Contribution du manager influence positivement sa Performance managériale à travers une double médiation de la Pertinence des informations que le contrôleur fournit au manager et de l’Utilisation que le manager fait de ces informations.
Écoles de commerce et formations d’ingénieurs jusqu’en 1914
Authors: Grelon André
Published: August 2017

Quand l’enseignement technique supérieur se met en place dans le premier tiers du XIX e siècle était-il possible alors d’élaborer un mode de formation prenant en compte aussi bien les sciences physico-chimiques appliquées à l’industrie que les questions de nature économique et commerciale ? Il n’est pas sûr que les promoteurs de cette filière d’enseignement aient eu cette vision stratégique, néanmoins une telle orientation eût été envisageable si, par exemple, le Conservatoire des arts et métiers avait délivré un diplôme d’ingénieur. On sait qu’il n’en a rien été et que les formations en sciences appliquées et celles en sciences économiques et commerciales ont connu des développements séparés avec des contenus radicalement différents. Le modèle de l’école d’ingénieurs développé par l’École centrale des arts et manufactures devient néanmoins la référence pour tous les établissements de ce type. Les écoles de commerce créées à la fin du siècle seront elles aussi amenées progressivement à reproduire ce qui devient la forme canonique de l’enseignement supérieur technique français.
Le système français de formation professionnelle : mise en perspective historique
Authors: Brucy Guy
Published: August 2017

Cet article montre comment, de la fin du XIX e siècle à l’aube des Trente Glorieuses, s’est progressivement construit le système français de formation professionnelle initiale, caractérisé par la domination du modèle scolaire. Il tente également de mettre en lumière les principes qui, tout au long du siècle, ont structuré l’action des principaux acteurs : employeurs et représentants de l’État. Enfin, il présente les évolutions récentes qui, depuis les années 1980, ont déstabilisé ce dispositif, notamment en remettant en cause les diplômes d’État, concurrencés par des formes alternatives de certification.