bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some results of studies on leaching of toxic elements in Asgat polymetallic concentrate
Authors: Ariunaa Garnaad , Burmaa Gunchin , Nyamdelger Shirchinnyamjil , Altansukh Batnasan , Nazgul Muratbek , Narangarav Tumen-Ulzii
Published: February 2022

Extended ICP-OES and AAS analysis of floated polysulphide concentrate from the Asgat polymetallic ore revealed that the concentrate contains 0.91% of silver, 18.2% of copper, 19.4% antimony, 2.03% arsenic and 1.6% of bismuth together with other elements. The prevailing minerals in the concentrate are tetrahedrite, bismuthinite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite and pyrite and non-ore minerals i.e. siderite, muscovite and quartz. The content of above minerals was estimated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. An optimum condition for antimony leaching from the tetrahedrite by alkaline-sulphide solution was studied comprehensively. In optimized condition, the 99.25% of Sb, 89.0% of As and 44.50% of Bi were dissolved from the concentrate into the alkaline-sulphide solution, successfully. The solid residue contains non-ore sulphide minerals as well as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), covellite (CuS), chalcocite (Cu2S), pyrite (FeS) and argentite (Ag2S). Chalcopyrite and pyrite are not soluble in alkaline-sulphide solution. The covellite and chalcocite are the product of tetrahedrite decomposition. The activation energy for antimony leaching from the tetrahedrite by alkaline-sulphide solution was calculated as 81.43kJ/mol that indicates the leaching process occurred by chemical reaction.
 
Асгатын полиметаллын баяжмал дахь хортой элементүүдийг уусгах аргаар ялгаж авах судалгааны зарим үр дүн
Хураангуй: Асгатын полиметаллын хүдрийг флотацийн аргаар баяжуулан гаргаж авсан полисульфидын баяжмалд 0.91% мөнгө, 19.20% зэс, 19.40% сурьма, 2.03% хүнцэл, 1.60% висмут болон бусад дагалдах элемент агуулагдаж байгааг атом шингээлтийн (AAS) болон индукцийн холбоот плазмын спектроскоп (ICP-OES)-ын аргуудаар тодорхойлсон. Баяжмалын эрдэс бүрдлийн найрлагыг рентгендифрактометр (XRD), электрон микроскоп, энергийн сарнилын спектрометр (SEM-EDS)-ийн аргуудаар тодорхойлоход тетраэдрит, висмутин, халькопирит, арсенопирит, пирит зэрэг үндсэн эрдсүүдээс гадна сидерит, мусковит, кварц зэрэг хүдрийн бус эрдсүүд агуулагдаж байв. Баяжмалыг шүлт-сульфидын (Na2S+NaOH) холимогт уусгаж, хортой бүрдэл болох сурьмаг уусгах аргаар ялгаж авах тохиромжтой нөхцлийг туршилтаар тогтоов. Тохиромжтой нөхцөлд баяжмалаас шүлт-сульфидын уусмалд сурьма 99.25%, хүнцэл 89.00%, висмут 44.50% ууссан. Уусгалтын хатуу үлдэгдэлд хүдрийн бус эрдсүүд болон халькопирит (CuFeS2), ковелин (CuS), халькозин (Cu2S), пирит (FeS2), аргентит (Ag2S) зэрэг сульфидын эрдсүүд илэрсэн. Шүлт-сульфидын холимогт халькопирит, пирит уусахгүй. Ковелин, халькозин нь тетраэдритийн задралаар үүссэн. Тетраэдритээс сурьмаг шүлт-сульфидын холимогоор уусгах урвалын идэвхжилийн энергийг тооцоолоход 81.43 кЖ/моль байгаа нь уг процесс химийн урвалаар явагдсан болохыг харуулж байна.Түлхүүр үг: полисульфидын баяжмал, тетраэдрит, идэвхжилийн энерги.
Effect of inherent minerals on Na catalyzed gasification activity of Tavantolgoi coal
Authors: Baasanjargal Tuvdendorj , Bum-Ayush Byamba , Enkhsaruul Byambajav
Published: February 2022

Steam gasification of weathered (deposit overlay) and energy (depth of ≥300 m) coal samples of Tavantolgoi deposit situated in Tsogttsetsii soum, Umnugovi aimag were performed in this study. Relationship between coal inherent minerals and catalysts (Fe, Na, binary Fe-Na) in the gasification was investigated in a flow of Ar and steam (1:1) mixture with a rate of 200ml/min at temperature of 800°C for 1h using a fixed bed stainless reactor. Conversion of organic matter was 81.8% for the weathered coal sample, and 21.5% for the energy coal sample during non-catalytic gasification of Tavantolgoi coal. Large amount of inherent calcium minerals included in the weathered coal showed a catalytic effect on gasification activity. However, these minerals reacted actively with sodium catalysts (Na or binary Na-Fe) in stages of pyrolysis and gasification, consequently the catalysts lost their activities. Moreover, Fe ore did not have influence of catalyst in steam gasification of both weathered and energy coal samples. Moreover, an inherent Ca content of the energy coal sample was 10 times smaller than that of weathered coal sample. Gasification activity of the energy coal increased significantly with Na catalyst, and the amount of syngas increased 4.6 times compared to that evolved in noncatalytic gasification of the energy coal.
 
Тавантолгой ордын нүүрсний натри, төмөр катализатортай хийжүүлэлтийн идэвхэд эх эрдсийн үзүүлэх нөлөө
Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Өмнөговь аймгийн Цогтцэций сумын нутагт орших Тавантолгойн ордын овоолгын исэлдсэн нүүрс болон 300 метрээс доош гүнд байрлах эрчим хүчний чулуун нүүрсний хийжүүлэлтийн идэвхэд эх эрдсүүдийн нөлөө, мөн Fe, Na болон хосолсон Fe+Na катализаторуудын үзүүлэх нөлөөг тодорхойлох туршилтыг хийж гүйцэтгэв. Тавантолгойн ордын чулуун нүүрсний уурын хийжүүлэлтийн идэвхийн туршилтыг хөдөлгөөнгүй үет ган реакторт, 800ºС температурт, 200 мл/мин урсгал хурдтай аргон хий ба усны уурын 1:1 молийн харьцаа бүхий хийн холимогоор 1 цагийн турш хийжүүлсэн. Катализаторгүй үед Тавантолгойн исэлдсэн нүүрсний органик массын хувирал нь 81.8%, эрчим хүчний нүүрснийх 21.5% байв. Исэлдсэн нүүрсэнд агуулагдах кальци эрдэс нь нүүрсний уурын хийжүүлэлтийн идэвхийг нэмэгдүүлж байсан. Fe катализатор нь Тавантолгойн нүүрсний органик массын хувирлыг 0.32-1.81%-иар л нэмэгдүүлсэн, дан Na ба Fe+Na хосолсон катализатор нь органик массын хувирлыг 18.5-74.3% эрс нэмэгдүүлсэн. Тавантолгойн исэлдсэн нүүрсэнд катализатор хэрэглэх үед нүүрсэнд агуулагдах кальци нь катализатортай урвалд орж хийжүүлэлтийн идэвхэд мэдэгдэхүйц нөлөө үзүүлээгүй. Харин эрдсийн агуулга багатай эрчим хүчний нүүрсэнд кальци нь 10 дахин бага байсан. Эрчим хүчний нүүрсэнд Na катализаторыг хэрэглэх үед эх төмөр эрдэстэй хам идэвхжүүлэлтийн нөлөөгөөр хийжүүлэлтийн урвалын хурдыг эрс нэмэгдүүлсэн.Түлхүүр үг: Нүүрсний эрдэс, уурын хийжүүлэлт, төмрийн хүдэр, натрийн карбонат катализатор.
Alternate custody in the light of the current and ongoing legal regulations
Authors: Różycka-Jaroś Sylwia
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the issue of entrusting parents by the court with alternate custody
over a common minor child after their separation. While the doctrine and judicature
of family law have devoted a lot of attention to the problem of care, alternating care
is still a relatively new issue. In addition to explaining the concept of alternate custody,
the author discusses the applicable legal regulations of the Family Code, which enable
the court to issue a decision on this subject. An important issue raised in this study
is the discussion of changes in the rules aimed at making alternating custody a priority
method of exercising parental authority. The problem of exercising parental authority
after the parents break up presented in this article is important as it concerns a growing
group of children. Among married couples divorced in 2019 alone, almost 57 percent
raised 55 thousand underaged children. Considering the fact that the issue of entrusting
parents with alternate care according to the changes being processed is highly
controversial, the author, apart from the arguments of the initiators of introducing new
regulations in this area, also presents the views of those circles which take a position
on this matter. In conclusion, the author, based on her experience gained as a professional
representative in family matters, refers to the proposed changes.
Glutamate attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced intestinal barrier injury by regulating corticotropin-releasing factor pathway in weaned pigs
Authors: Guo Junjie , Liang Tianzeng , Chen Huifu , Li Xiangen , Ren Xiaorui , Wang Xiuying , Xiao Kan , Zhao Jiangchao , Zhu Huiling , Liu Yulan
Published: March 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protection of glutamate (GLU) against the impairment in intestinal barrier function induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stress in weaned pigs.Methods: Twenty-four weaned pigs were divided into four treatments containing: i) non-challenged control, ii) LPS-challenged control, iii) LPS+1.0% GLU, and iv) LPS+2.0% GLU. On day 28, pigs were treated with LPS or saline. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, and 4 h post-injection. After blood samples collection at 4 h, all pigs were slaughtered, and spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and intestinal samples were obtained.Results: Dietary GLU supplementation inhibited the LPS-induced oxidative stress in pigs, as demonstrated by reduced malondialdehyde level and increased glutathione level in jejunum. Diets supplemented with GLU enhanced villus height, villus height/crypt depth and claudin-1 expression, attenuated intestinal histology and ultrastructure impairment induced by LPS. Moreover, GLU supplementation reversed intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte number decrease and mast cell number increase induced by LPS stress. GLU reduced serum cortisol concentration at 4 h after LPS stress and downregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal corticotropin-releasing factor signal (corticotrophin-releasing factor [CRF], CRF receptor 1 [CRFR1], glucocorticoid receptor, tryptase, nerve growth factor, tyrosine kinase receptor A), and prevented mast cell activation. GLU upregulated the mRNA expression of intestinal transforming growth factor β.Conclusion: These findings indicate that GLU attenuates LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury, which is associated with modulating CRF signaling pathway.
Influence of spent ginger yeast cultures on the production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens
Authors: Liu Junhan , Jin Yuhong , Yang Junhua
Published: March 2022

Objective: Spent ginger is a byproduct of juice extraction from the rhizome of ginger (Zingiber officinale). Despite its nutritional value, it is difficult to preserve or further process and thus is often wasted. This study uses spent ginger as a substrate for fermentation and cultivates spent ginger yeast cultures (SGYCs) that are then added to the feed of laying hens. The effects of SGYCs on production performance, egg quality, serum composition, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens were investigated.Methods: Eighty 60-week-old Hy-Line Brown hens were separated into 5 experimental groups with 4 replicates per group (4 hens per cage, 4 cages per replicate). The control group was fed a basal diet while experimental groups were also given SGYCs at the levels of 5, 10, 20, and 40 g/kg for 6 weeks.Results: The addition of SGYCs significantly increased the laying rate and nutrient digestibility, decreased feed conversion ratio, and enhanced the color of egg yolks (p<0.05). No changes were observed in activity levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the serum (p>0.05), but the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and peroxidase all significantly increased, and contents of malondialdehyde were significantly reduced (p<0.05). In addition, changes in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes might be the main factor contributing to the significant increase in the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fat in laying hens (p<0.05).Conclusion: The current evidence shows that dietary supplementation of SGYCs to the feed of laying hens can improve laying rates, enhance antioxidative defenses, and influence dominant intestinal bacteria.
Development of novel microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic structure of dog populations in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Fang-Yu , Lin Yu-Chen , Ding Shih-Torng , Chang Chi-Sheng , Chao Wi-Lin , Wang Pei-Hwa
Published: March 2022

Objective: Alongside the rise of animal-protection awareness in Taiwan, the public has been paying more attention to dog genetic deficiencies due to inbreeding in the pet market. The goal of this study was to isolate novel microsatellite markers for monitoring the genetic structure of domestic dog populations in Taiwan.Methods: A total of 113 DNA samples from three dog breeds—beagles (BEs), bichons (BIs), and schnauzers (SCs)—were used in subsequent polymorphic tests applying the 14 novel microsatellite markers that were isolated in this study.Results: The results showed that the high level of genetic diversity observed in these novel microsatellite markers provided strong discriminatory power. The estimated probability of identity (P(ID)) and the probability of identity among sibs (P(ID)sib) for the 14 novel microsatellite markers were 1.7×10–12 and 1.6×10–5, respectively. Furthermore, the power of exclusion for the 14 novel microsatellite markers was 99.98%. The neighbor-joining trees constructed among the three breeds indicated that the 14 sets of novel microsatellite markers were sufficient to correctly cluster the BEs, BIs, and SCs. The principal coordinate analysis plot showed that the dogs could be accurately separated by these 14 loci based on different breeds; moreover, the Beagles from different sources were also distinguished. The first, the second, and the third principal coordinates could be used to explain 44.15%, 26.35%, and 19.97% of the genetic variation.Conclusion: The results of this study could enable powerful monitoring of the genetic structure of domestic dog populations in Taiwan.
Silymarin seed extract supplementation enhances the growth performance, meat quality, and nutrients digestibility, and reduces gas emission in broilers
Authors: Shanmugam Sureshkumar , Park Jae Hong , Cho Sungbo , Kim In Ho
Published: March 2022

Objective: A feeding trial was carried out to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of silymarin seed extract on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta microbiota, excreta gas emission, blood profiles, and meat quality in broilers.Methods: A total of 1,088 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks (mixed-sex) with an initial body weight of 42.34±0.82 g, were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 17 replicates of 16 chicks per cage and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0%, 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06% of silymarin.Results: The inclusion of silymarin supplementation linearly increased the body weight of broilers during days 7 to 21 and 1 to 35 days. On day 35, broilers fed a diet containing graded levels of silymarin supplementation linearly increased the nutrient digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and nitrogen and cecal Lactobacillus counts (p = 0.038). While silymarin supplement linearly reduced the methyl mercaptans (p = 0.039) and acetic acid (p = 0.007) emission in broilers. No significant effects were observed on the blood profile. Relative weights of organs such as breast muscle, bursa of fabricius were increased (linear effect, p<0.05), water holding capacity was enhanced by increasing the silymarin level from 0% to 0.06%. A linear reduction (p>0.05) in drip loss from meat samples during days 1, 3, 5, and 7 by the addition of graded level of silymarin to the diet.Conclusion: An increasing level of silymarin supplementation to the diet of broiler would be beneficial to enhance growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta microflora, blood profile, and meat quality traits.
Preschoolers’ Sleep Problems and Peer Competence: The Mediating Effect of Emotion Regulation
Authors: Park Bokyung , Kim Minjoo
Published: February 2022

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between preschoolers’ sleep problems, emotion regulation, and peer competence. Specifically, this study examined the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between sleep problems and peer competence in preschoolers.Methods: The study group consisted of 194 preschoolers, aged 4-5 years (84 boys, 110 girls). Their mothers responded to questionnaires on their preschool children’s sleep problems, emotion regulation, and peer competence. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and correlation analysis with SPSS 22.0. PROCESS macro version 3.4 (Hayes, 2017) was used to analyze the mediating effect.Results: First, preschoolers’ sleep problems had a negative effect on peer competence when emotion regulation was not considered as a mediator; that is, preschoolers who experienced frequent sleep problems showed low peer competence. Second, preschoolers’ sleep problems did not directly affect peer competence when emotion regulation was considered as a mediator. Preschoolers’ sleep problems had only an indirect effect on peer competence through emotion regulation. That is, preschoolers who experienced many sleep problems did not control their emotions well, leading to low peer competence.Conclusion: This study confirmed the importance of sleep by revealing how preschoolers’ sleep problems influence their socioemotional development. The results of this study suggest that preschoolers should have sufficient, high-quality sleep to function better socially and emotionally. Health and parenting educators can utilize these findings in developing and implementing parent education programs that emphasize the importance of building healthy sleep habits for preschoolers.
Writing Development of Children before Entering Primary School: Focusing on Graphomotor Skills and Written Expression
Authors: No Boram , Choi Naya
Published: February 2022

Objectives: This study investigated how graphomotor skills and written expression are exhibited in writing development during early childhood. The study also aimed to uncover the types of writing development of young children with similar graphomotor skills and written expression. Finally, the predictors on the latent groups of writing development were identified.Methods: Participants were 101 six-year-old children and their mothers. Children performed writing tasks (including copying the alphabet and writing on a picture card). Mothers completed a questionnaire about their beliefs and guidance styles on writing. Latent class analysis (LCA) was then conducted to examine the types of writing development among young children.Results: First, significant individual differences were seen among beginning writers in graphomotor skills and written expression, suggesting that such individual differences in writing could be empirically demonstrated. Second, the latent classes of writing development among young children were classified into three types: rapid/expressive writers, slow/expressive writers, and developmental writers. Third, predictors of being classified into one of the types were identified as the mother’s belief and guidance styles on emergent writing practices and children’s fine-motor development, preference for literacy activities, and drawing expression.Conclusion: This study expanded the theoretical viewpoint of the overall research in children’s writing development by evaluating both cognitive and sensorimotor traits of early writing. Moreover, this study has practical implications for enhancing young children’s writing ability by considering the latent classes of writing development for young children.
Development and Validation of a Coparenting Scale for Parents with Preschoolers
Authors: Yang Ye-Jin , Doh Hyun-Sim
Published: February 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a coparenting scale for parents with preschoolers.Methods: Data were collected from a sample of Korean parents with children aged between 3-5 years. A total of 600 participants (300 for development and 300 for validation) were asked to answer questionnaires for the development and validation of a coparenting scale. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis.Results: A coparenting scale with 24 items was developed, which comprised four subscales: support (7 items), undermining (7 items), conflict (5 items), and communication (5 items). The scale was verified using both consequential and cross validity. First, the subscales of the scale showed a significant correlation with those of marital conflict, parenting stress, parenting, and preschoolers’ behavior problems. Next, confirmatory factor analysis of data from the second sample indicated adequate fit for the scale, suggesting that it could be applicable to parents with preschoolers with similar demographic backgrounds. Cronbach’s α ranged from .83 to .94, indicating a high level of internal consistency.Conclusion: This study involved developing a coparenting scale for parents with preschoolers and verifying its validity. This reliable and valid coparenting scale would be an invaluable tool for research in coparenting and the related fields such as parent consultation and parenting education.
The Impact of Continuous Care Model on Self-efficacy and Readmission of Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Kamalinezhad Salime , Moulaei Nezarali , Sarani Hamed , Behmaneshpour Fateme
Published: March 2022

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) need continuous medical care, including regular follow-up, training, and information acquisition to increase self-care capacity. Adherence to self-care behaviors reduces patient readmission Objectives: This study examined the impact of the continuous care model (CCM) on self-efficacy and readmission of patients hospitalized with HF. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on patients with HF visiting two teaching hospitals in southeastern Iran in 2021. The participants were 70 patients who were selected using convenience sampling and were placed into two control and intervention groups, each with 35 patients through limited random sampling. The patients in the control group received routine care, but the CCM was performed for the patients of the intervention group in the form of individual training for 6 sessions in the hospital and after discharge and then through telephone follow-up once a week until the end of the twelfth week. The instruments used to collect the data were a demographic information form that assessed patient readmission and their demographic information and Sullivan's Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 22) using the chi-square test, independent and paired samples t-test, and analysis of covariance at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Analysis of covariance showed that the mean self-efficacy score of the patients with HF was significantly different between the two groups after implementing continuous care (P = 0.001). The results of the independent samples t-test suggested that the mean and standard deviation of readmission frequencies in the control group (1.03 ± 1.01) were significantly higher than the mean readmission frequencies of the patients in the intervention group (0.34 ± 0.68) (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Given the positive and significant effect of the CCM on increasing patient self-efficacy and reducing the frequency of readmissions, and considering the ease, applicability, and low cost of this intervention, relevant authorities need to make effective planning and policies to implement the CCM for patients with HF.
Correlation of Left Mandibular Third Molar Development and Chronological Age
Authors: Song Min Sun , Kang Chung-Min , Song Je Seon , Choi Hyung-Jun , Kim Seong-Oh
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate the development of the left mandibular third-molar development with modified Demirjian method and its relation to chronological age. A total of 1653 digital panoramic radiographs of healthy individuals aged between 7 and 23 years who visited Yonsei University Dental hospital were selected. The developmental status of the left mandibular third molars was assessed using dental maturity scoring proposed by Demirjian et al. The mean age of the first appearance of mineralization, complete crown formation, and complete root formation were around 9, 14, 21 years respectively. Statistically significant differences between males and females in the development stage of D and G were revealed that crown formation and root length completion were attained earlier in males than in females. There was significant positive relationship between age and third molar development in both sexes, and new formula was presented to estimate age of children and adolescents based on their developmental stages of third molars. In this study, the use of left mandibular third molar as a developmental marker is appropriate, and age estimation can be attained with dental maturity stage.
Assessment of the Caries Detection Ability of Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF) in Primary Teeth in vitro
Authors: Cho Kyung Hyun , Kang Chung-Min , Jung Hoi-In , Lee Tae Yang , Song Je Seon
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate QLF (quantitative light-induced fluorescence) technology for the caries detection in primary teeth and validate the relationships between the cavity volume of carious lesions and QLF analysis results. Total 125 tooth surfaces include 53 occlusal surfaces, and 72 proximal surfaces were investigated with the portable QLF device for detection of dental caries in primary molars. Micro-CT radiograph was also performed to classify carious lesions and calculate the cavity volume. QLF showed good accuracy and reliability (sensitivity 0.75 - 0.94, specificity 0.82 - 0.95, and AUROC 0.88 - 0.98) for the caries detection in primary teeth except ΔR average results of proximal caries which showed relatively low values. Statistically significant relationships were found between ΔF average, QS-Index and the cavity volume according to Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients (r = 0.805 - 0.832, p < 0.001). QLF detection method would be a harmless and reliable way for children to diagnose dental caries without the concern about radiation exposure.
CEO rhetorical strategies and firms' internationalization: A communication perspective
Authors: Shao Qiuyue , Chen Shouming , Chen Peien
Published: March 2022

Based on the upper echelons theory, previous literature has suggested that CEO's personal characteristics influence firms' internationalization. However, most research investigates the static traits such as age, education, overseas background, etc. Since CEO's communication skills exert influence on the firm as well, communication may also be of significance in the process of firm internationalization. We proposed that three CEO rhetoric strategies affect firm internationalization by persuading employees to recognize the international purpose and contribute to it jointly. Using the data of CEO rhetorical strategies and the level of internationalization of 118 Chinese listed firms, we tested the influence of CEO rhetoric strategy on firms' internationalization. The results show that two CEO rhetoric strategies - Ethos and Pathos - affect firm internationalization positively. The findings reveal that proper strategy of CEO communication is important for the execution of firms' internationalization.
The role of teacher and organizational culture in school management
Authors: Jukić Dinko
Published: March 2022

The paper discusses and analyses the importance of employees in the context of school management. The construct of organizational culture is observed using an interdisciplinary approach from the aspect of management, marketing, and educational sciences. The role of the employee as a key arbiter of organizational culture and promoter of the organization itself is discussed. The levels of school culture, its specifics, and functions in the context of a non-profit organization are presented. The role of employees is analysed from two aspects, the creation of corporate identity and the aspect of strengthening employee beliefs, and self-image, and emphasizes its importance for creating the identity of the organization, organizational culture, and climate. The analysis of the literature raised questions about the importance of employees in creating an organizational culture, but also in creating a corporate image and identity. Different approaches to the function of organizational culture, levels of school culture and types of school climate, school identity, and the role of management are considered. The place of employee satisfaction, employee identity and the creation of organizational culture are critically observed, and suggestions are given on how to improve school management. The concluding part emphasizes that employees are the most important resource of any organization and that satisfied employees create an open and positive organizational climate, create the identity of the organization, and provide better service.
Lacrimal sac lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Ueathaweephol Somtaporn , Wongwattana Panuwat , Chanlalit Waruttaporn , Trongwongsa Therdkiat , Sutthinont Sirilak
Published: February 2022

Primary lymphoma originating from the lacrimal drainage system is a rare disease. Such lymphomas are mostly B-cell in origin and present nonspecific symptoms. The treatment of malignant lymphoma of the lacrimal drainage system is slightly different. We present the case of a 71-year-old woman with a painless mass below the medial canthus. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the orbit revealed a mass invading the right lacrimal sac. An incision biopsy was obtained, and the pathologic findings suggested a diagnosis of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the lacrimal sac. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate. After completing eight cycles of chemotherapy, the patient was followed up by a CT scan, which revealed nearly total resolution of an ill-defined enhancing mass. At the time of this case report writing, the patient is in complete remission at six months with no other complications.
Pedagogical resources for the formation of optimistic worldview among modern university students
Authors: Agienko Marina Ivanovna , Naumov Aleksandr Andreevich , Saltash Dogan , Karpenko Elena Petrovna
Published: February 2022

The relevance of this article is determined by the need to develop motivation to work and acquisition of knowledge among students in the current conditions of simplification of the mechanism for selection of the applicants to academic programs. The object of this research is the process of increasing students' motivation to learning in higher education institutions. The subject is the correlation between the pedagogical appraisal and the level of learning motivation of students. The goal lies in assessment of motivational potential of possible remarks of the pedagogue addressed to the student. The norm of motivational potential is considered the correspondence with the parameters of optimistic worldview. The method of conformity assessment assumes compliance with the parameters of optimistic attribution of life events described in the works of M. Seligman (personalization parameters/locus of control, stability/constancy, and generalization). The novelty lies in application of the method of forecasting the impact of various pedagogical remarks on the psychological state od a student, taking into account the attribution parameters characteristic to state of learned helplessness. The obtained results demonstrate the most common remarks of the pedagogue strengthen the pessimistic style of explaining the success and failures of students, namely students in the state of learned helplessness, and entail the low level of motivation to learning.
Sources of replenishment of the terminological system of veterinary parasitology (based on the German language material)
Authors: Khakimova Giulnara
Published: February 2022

This article attempts to determine the sources of enrichment of terminology in the field of veterinary parasitology based on the German language material. The relevance is defined by the lack of comprehensive research on the methods of forming terms and terminological phrases in the German language that denote invasive, i.e. parasitic, animal diseases. The goal lies in the analysis of the most effective methods of word formation that denote invasive diseases, as well as the nature of linguistic material used for supplementing the terminological system of veterinary parasitology. Description is given to the methods for borrowing terms; semantic, morphological-syntactic, morphological and syntactic ways of formation of terms. The scientific novelty consists in carrying out comprehensive linguistic analysis of terminological nominations in the German language in the field of veterinary parasitology. It is proven that the corpus of German terms denoting invasive diseases contains a large number of borrowings of Greek-Latin origin, which allows forming the hybrid terms. Among the composite terms, the overwhelming majority are two-word terms of Greek-Latin origin. In the group of multicomponent terminological phrases, most common are the two-component substantive phrases, the generic component of which is the nomination of animal disease, while the specific concept is the name of a particular animal species.
Application of the technologies of corpus linguistics in the study of collocations
Authors: Shubina Anna Olegovna
Published: February 2022

The subject of this research is the polysemous borrowed noun “credit” in the Russian language and noun “credit” in the Anglo-American language. The goal lies in determination of the national-specific and universal collocations with the component “credit” in the Russian discourse and their translated equivalents in the Anglo-American discourse of the XIX and XXI centuries. Analysis is conducted on the collocations of "credit" formed in accordance with the pattern adjective + noun revealed by statistical methods that calculate the frequency of joint use in the dictionaries and linguistic corpora of the Russian and Anglo-American texts. The use of contrastive analysis allowed establishing the linear and vector correspondences between the lexeme "credit" and national-specific lacunae. The article provides the examples of the national-specific collocations with the component “credit” in the Russian and Anglo-American discourse. The research employs the Russian National Corpus, Corpus of Historical American English and the Corpus of Contemporary American English in the diachronic aspect within the time span of 1800 – 1900 and 2015 – 2019. The relevance of this work lies in the fact that the knowledge of collocations and formation of collocation competence are the essential requirements in modern communicative approach towards learning a foreign language.
Assessment of applicability of cold plasma dispersion relation of slot region hiss based on Van Allen Probes observations
Authors: Zhu Qi , Ma Xin , Cao Xing , Ni Bin-Bin , Xiang Zheng , Fu Song , Gu Xu-Dong , Zhang Yuan-Nong ,   School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China,   Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
Published: February 2022

Electron scattering caused by plasmapheric hiss is the dominant mechanism that is responsible for the formation of slot region (1.8 ≤ L ≤ 3) between the Earth’s inner and outer radiation belts. The cold plasma dispersion relation of plasmaspheric hiss is widely used to quantify its scattering effect on energetic electrons. However, the existence of hot plasmas in the realistic magnetospheric environment will modify the dispersion properties of plasmaspheric hiss. According to Van Allen Probes observations, we select all hiss events in the slot region and compare the observed hiss wave amplitudes with the converted hiss wave amplitudes deduced from cold plasma dispersion relation and electric field observations, and then study the dependence of the applicability of cold plasma dispersion relation of slot region hiss on spatial position and geomagnetic activity. The results show that the cold plasma approximation tends to overestimate the amplitude of slot region hiss. The difference between the observed amplitude and the converted hiss wave amplitude has a strong day night asymmetry. However, it shows a slight dependence on the level of geomagnetic activities. In addition, we find that the converted wave magnetic field intensity is significantly lower (higher) than the observed magnetic field intensity at lower frequencies (higher frequencies), which indicates that the cold plasma approximation generally overestimates (underestimates) the scattering effects of hiss waves on the lower (higher) energy electrons in the slot region. Our study confirms that the application scope of the cold plasma dispersion relation of slot hiss has strong spatial and frequency limitations, which is of great importance in deepening our understanding of the dynamic evolution of electrons in the slot region.
First-principles study of luminescence of fullerene-like clusters
Authors: Yang Xiao-Wei , She Jie , Zhou Si , Zhao Ji-Jun ,   Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
Published: February 2022

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), a unique molecular fluorescence mechanism, plays a key role in designing emitters of high efficiency. Carbon fullerenes such as C60 and C70 exhibit strong TADF with intensity even higher than that of the prompt fluorescence, owing to their long lifetimes of triplet state and modest singlet-triplet energy gaps. Thus, there arises the intriguing question whether other fullerene-like clusters can also have fluorescence and host the TADF effect. In this work, by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations, we explore the excited-states of the experimentally reported boron nitride cage clusters B12N12, B24N24 and B36N36, as well as compound clusters B12P12, Al12N12 and Ga12N12 with the same geometry as B12N12. Using the HSE06 hybrid functional, the predicted energy gaps of these fullerene-like clusters are obtained to range from 2.83 eV to 6.54 eV. They mainly absorb ultraviolet light, and their fluorescence spectra are all in the visible range from 405.36 nm to 706.93 nm, including red, orange, blue, and violet emission colors. For the boron nitride cages, the energy gap of excited states increases with the cluster size increasing, accompanied by a blue shift of emission wavelength. For the clusters with B12N12 geometry and different elemental compositions, the excited energy gap decreases as the atomic radius increases, resulting in a red shift of emission wavelength. In addition, the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of these compound cage clusters are distributed separately on different elements, resulting in small overlap between HOMO and LUMO wavefunctions. Consequently, these fullerene-like clusters exhibit small singlet-triplet energy differences below 0.29 eV, which is beneficial for the intersystem crossing between the excited singlet state and triplet state, and hence promoting the TADF process. Our theoretical results unveil the fluorescence characteristics of cage clusters other than carbon fullerenes, and provide important guidance for precisely modulating their emission colors by controlling the cluster sizes and elemental compositions. These experimentally feasible fullerene-like compound clusters possess many merits as fluorophors such as outstanding stabilities, non-toxicity, large energy gap, visible-light fluorescence, and small singlet-triplet energy gap. Therefore, they are promising luminescent materials for applications in display, sensors, biological detection and labelling, therapy, and medicine.
Detection of dielectric screening effect by excitons in two-dimensional semiconductors and its application
Authors: Hoo Qian-Ying , Xu Yang ,   Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China,   School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300191, China
Published: February 2022

Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) like MX2 (M = W or Mo, X = S or Se) are well-known examples of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors. They have attracted wide and long-lasting attention due to the strong light-matter interaction and unique spin-valley locking characteristics. In the 2D limit, the reduced dielectric screening significantly enhances the Coulomb interaction. The optical properties of monolayer TMDCs are thus dominated by excitons, the tightly bound electron-hole pairs. In this work, we briefly overview the history and recent research progress of optical spectroscopy studies on TMDCs. We first introduce the layer-dependent band structure and the corresponding modifications on optical transitions, and briefly mention the effects of external magnetic fields and the charge doping on excitons. We then introduce a novel sensing technique enabled by the sensitivity of excitons to the dielectric environment. The exciton excited states (Rydberg states) observed in monolayer TMDCs have large Bohr radii (> few nm), where the electric field lines between electron-hole pairs well extends out of the material. Hence the Coulomb interaction (which affects the quasiparticle band gap and exciton binding energies) in the monolayer TMDC is sensitive to the dielectric environment, making the excitons in 2D semiconductor an efficient quantum sensor in probing dielectric properties of the surroundings. The method is of high spatial resolution and only diffraction limited. We enumerate the applications of monolayer WSe2 dielectric sensor in detecting the secondary Dirac point of graphene induced by the graphene-hBN superlattice potential, as well as the fractional correlated insulating states emerging in WS2/WSe2 moiré superlattices. Meanwhile, a unified framework for describing the many-body interactions and dynamical screenings in the system is still lacking. Future theoretical and experimental efforts are needed for a complete understanding. Finally, we further discuss the perspectives and potential applications of this non-destructive and efficient dielectric sensing method.
Parallel Public
Authors: Blaylock Sara
Published: March 2022

How East German artists made their country's experimental art scene a form of (counter) public life.

Experimental artists in the final years of the German Democratic Republic did not practice their art in the shadows, on the margins, hiding away from the Stasi's prying eyes. In fact, as Sara Blaylock shows, many cultivated a critical influence over the very bureaucracies meant to keep them in line, undermining state authority through forthright rather than covert projects. In Parallel Public, Blaylock describes how some East German artists made their country's experimental art scene a form of (counter) public life, creating an alternative to the crumbling collective underpinnings of the state.

Blaylock examines the work of artists who used body-based practices—including performance, film, and photography—to create new vocabularies of representation, sharing their projects through independent networks of dissemination and display. From the collective films and fashion shows of Erfurt's Women Artists Group, which fused art with feminist political action, to Gino Hahnemann, the queer filmmaker and poet who set nudes alight in city parks, these creators were as bold in their ventures as they were indifferent to state power.

Parallel Public is the first work of its kind on experimental art in East Germany to be written in English. Blaylock draws on extensive interviews with artists, art historians, and organizers; artist-made publications; official reports from the Union of Fine Artists; and Stasi surveillance records. As she recounts the role culture played in the GDR's rapid decline, she reveals East German artists as dissenters and witnesses, citizens and agents, their work both antidote to and diagnosis of a weakening state.
Coil-to-α-helix transition at the Nup358-BicD2 interface activates BicD2 for dynein recruitment
Authors: Gibson James M , Cui Heying , Ali M Yusuf , Zhao Xiaoxin , Debler Erik W , Zhao Jing , Trybus Kathleen M , Solmaz Sozanne R , Wang Chunyu
Published: March 2022

Nup358, a protein of the nuclear pore complex, facilitates a nuclear positioning pathway that is essential for many biological processes, including neuromuscular and brain development. Nup358 interacts with the dynein adaptor Bicaudal D2 (BicD2), which in turn recruits the dynein machinery to position the nucleus. However, the molecular mechanisms of the Nup358/BicD2 interaction and the activation of transport remain poorly understood. Here for the first time, we show that a minimal Nup358 domain activates dynein/dynactin/BicD2 for processive motility on microtubules. Using nuclear magnetic resonance titration and chemical exchange saturation transfer, mutagenesis, and circular dichroism spectroscopy, a Nup358 α-helix encompassing residues 2162–2184 was identified, which transitioned from a random coil to an α-helical conformation upon BicD2 binding and formed the core of the Nup358-BicD2 interface. Mutations in this region of Nup358 decreased the Nup358/BicD2 interaction, resulting in decreased dynein recruitment and impaired motility. BicD2 thus recognizes Nup358 through a ‘cargo recognition α-helix,’ a structural feature that may stabilize BicD2 in its activated state and promote processive dynein motility.
Fitorremediação de Solo Contaminado por Metais Pesados
Authors: Leite Marissol , Guajajara Elenara Pereira Ventura , Silva Sanderson , Silva Wesley Lima da , Santos Sidnei Cerqueira dos
Published: March 2022

A fitorremediação é uma técnica que utiliza plantas para remediar áreas contaminadas com metais pesados. Essa técnica possui grande vantagem devido à alta diversidade de vegetais que podem ser encontrados na natureza. Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer o levantamento tecnológico dos métodos de fitorremediação usados na recuperação de ambientes impactados por metais pesados. A pesquisa foi realizada nos bancos de dados de patentes do Escritório Europeu de Patentes (Espacenet®) e do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI), utilizando as palavras-chave: remediação, planta, solo, metal pesado, recuperação e fitorremediação, e os códigos B09C1/00 e A01H5/00 da Classificação Internacional de Patentes. A China foi o destaque nesta pesquisa, apresentando os principais inventores e universidades detentoras de patentes, tendo o auge de depósito no ano de 2009. A técnica de fitorremediação mais utilizada foi a fitoextração. As tecnologias fitorremediadoras se mostram bastante promissoras para atender o mercado que é cada vez mais exigente e preocupado com os impactos ambientais.
Nucleocytoplasmic transport: factors and mechanisms
Authors: Simos George , Hurt Eduard C.
Published: July 2002

In the past two years, our knowledge concerning the mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic transport through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) has considerably expanded. The application of in vitro systems that reconstitute nuclear protein import has allowed the identification of cytosolic factors that are required for the import process. Microinjection into Xenopus oocytes and yeast genetic systems have provided interesting candidates for RNA export mediators. Functional and structural analysis of nucleoporins has demonstrated the involvement of NPC components in the transport process. Finally, new concepts have emerged such as the integration of the mechanisms of the nuclear protein import and RNA export reactions and the assembly of the transport machinery at specialised domains of the NPC.
Trypsin complexed with α1‐proteinase inhibitor has an increased structural flexibility
Authors: Kaslik Gyula , Patthy András , Bálint Miklós , Gráf László
Published: July 2002

Mutant rat trypsin Asp189Ser was prepared and complexed with highly purified human α
1‐proteinase inhibitor. The complex formed was purified to homogeneity and studied by N‐terminal amino acid sequence analysis and limited proteolysis with bovine trypsin. As compared to uncomplexed mutant trypsin, the mutant enzyme complexed with α
1‐proteinase inhibitor showed a highly increased susceptibility to enzymatic digestion. The peptide bond selectively attacked by bovine trypsin was identified as the Arg117‐Val118 one of trypsin. The structural and mechanistic relevance of this observation to serine proteinase‐substrate and serine proteinase‐serpin reactions are discussed.