bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wellens Syndrome with Syncope but Not Chest Pain
Authors: Yasin Omar Z. , Rubio-Tapia Alberto , Sarano Maurice E.
Published: December 2016

We report the case of a woman in her 70s presenting to the emergency department with syncope, troponemia, and an electrocardiogram with deep symmetric T-wave inversions in V2 and V3 and prolonged QTc. Her presentation was concerning for acute coronary syndrome, Wellens syndrome in particular, given the elevated troponin levels, lack of ST segment changes, and characteristic T-wave findings. The diagnosis was confirmed with angiography that showed a critical left anterior descending (LAD) artery occlusion. Since myocardial infarction does not typically present with syncope, we explored the differential diagnoses for T-wave inversions, which include electrolyte abnormalities, medications, intracranial hemorrhage, pulmonary embolism, and other cardiac diseases that were ruled out in our patient. We also explored the pathophysiology leading to syncope in the setting of acute myocardial infarction including arrhythmias and exaggerated neurally mediated response. Our patient received two drug-eluting stents to the LAD artery and was started on dual antiplatelet therapy, beta-blockers, and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.
Critical Analysis of a Series of Early Inguinal Ureterostomies: Are They Useful and How Well Are They Tolerated?
Authors: Bouty Aurore , Lefevre Yan , Harper Luke , Tran Antoine , Vergnes Pierre , Dobremez Eric
Published: December 2016

Introduction: The study aimed to evaluate the advantages of temporary inguinal ureterostomy in the management of neonates with uropathies and early or recurrent pyelonephritis. Patients and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent ureterostomies between 1989 and 2012, with specific regards to indications and outcomes. We also performed a survey of parents to evaluate their acceptance of diversion. Results: We included 18 patients (12 primary high-grade vesicoureteral reflux [VUR] and 6 primary obstructive megaureters [MUs]). Indications were recurrent febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) despite antibiotic prophylaxis, doubtful function of the overlying kidney for the oldest cases, when renal function was only assessed by intravenous urography, or both. Cutaneous diversion was performed between the ages of 2 weeks to 5 months (median: 1.8 months). Renal function was assessed prior to undiversion to choose between reimplantation and nephrectomy. The incidence of febrile UTIs significantly decreased during the period of diversion. Urinary diversion was judged socially acceptable by parents. Ureterostomy did not modify the overlying kidney function. Conclusion: Temporary inguinal ureterostomy does not enable better evaluation of renal function by suppressing the pressure of an obstacle or refluxing urines. Its remaining indication seems to be the prevention of recurrent UTIs in neonates and infants with VUR or MU, pending reimplantation.
Bronchoscopic Drainage of Lung Abscesses Using a Pigtail Catheter
Authors: Unterman Avraham , Fruchter Oren , Rosengarten Dror , Izhakian Shimon , Abdel-Rahman Nader , Kramer Mordechai R.
Published: December 2016

Background: Lung abscesses are commonly treated with antibiotics. However, some patients fail to respond and may require percutaneous catheter drainage or surgical intervention. Bronchoscopic drainage (BD) of lung abscesses emerged as a therapeutic alternative in selected patients. Objective: To describe our experience with 15 patients who underwent BD at our center during 2006-2016. Methods: Patients underwent flexible bronchoscopy. Under fluoroscopic guidance, a pigtail catheter was introduced into the abscess cavity, its correct position being confirmed by the injection of contrast medium. The catheter remained in place for a few days and was flushed repeatedly with antibiotics. Results: Fifteen patients (9 males; median age 59 years) underwent 16 BD procedures. A pigtail catheter was successfully inserted and pus was drained from the abscess cavity in 13 procedures (81%) conducted in 12 patients, leading to rapid clinical improvement in 10 of them; resolution of fever occurred a median of 2 days (range <1-4) following pigtail insertion, and patients were discharged after 8 days (range 4-21). The pigtail catheter was extracted after a median of 4 days (range 2-6). Conclusion: BD of lung abscesses was achieved in 13 out of 16 procedures, leading to rapid improvement in the majority of patients. This work adds to the existing literature in establishing this procedure as an acceptable therapeutic alternative in selected patients who fail to respond to antibiotics, especially those with an airway obstruction or a fairly central lung abscess.
Therapeutic Complement Targeting in ANCA-Associated Vasculitides and Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Authors: Novikov Pavel , Kozlovskaya Natalia , Moiseev Sergey , Shilov Eugene , Bobkova Irina , Schreiber Adrian , Tsvetkov Dmitry , Gollasch Maik , Mah Nancy , El Amrani Khadija , Kurtz Andreas
Published: December 2016

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs) are a group of systemic autoimmune disorders characterized by necrotizing inflammation of medium-to-small vessels, a relative paucity of immune deposits, and an association with detectable circulating ANCAs. AAVs include granulomatosis with polyangiitis (renamed from Wegener's granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome). Until recently, AAVs have not been viewed as complement-mediated disorders. However, recent findings predominantly from animal studies demonstrated a crucial role of the complement system in the pathogenesis of AAVs. Complement activation or defects in its regulation have been described in an increasing number of acquired or genetically driven forms of thrombotic microangiopathy. Coinciding with this expanding spectrum of complement-mediated diseases, the question arises as to which AAV patients might benefit from a complement-targeted therapy. Therapies directed against the complement system point to the necessity of a genetic workup of genes of complement components and regulators in patients with AAV. Genetic testing together with pluripotent stem cells and bioinformatics tools may broaden our approach to the treatment of patients with aggressive forms of AAV.
Effects of Liraglutide on Reperfusion Injury in Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Chen Wei Ren , Chen Yun Dai , Tian Feng , Yang Na , Cheng Liu Quan , Hu Shun Ying , Wang Jing , Yang Jun Jie , Wang Shi Feng , Gu Xiao Fang
Published: December 2016

Background—

Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, was reported to reduce reperfusion injury in mice. We planned to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on reperfusion injury in patients with acute ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and Results—

A total of 96 patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction undergoing emergency primary percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to receive either subcutaneous liraglutide or placebo. Study treatment was commenced 30 minutes before intervention (1.8 mg) and maintained for 7 days after the procedure (0.6 mg for 2 days, 1.2 mg for 2 days, followed by 1.8 mg for 3 days). The salvage index was calculated from myocardial area at risk, measured during the index admission (35±12 hours), and final infarct size measured at 91±5 days after primary percutaneous coronary intervention by cardiac magnetic resonance. At 3 months, the primary end point, a higher salvage index was found in the liraglutide group than in the placebo group in 77 patients evaluated with cardiac magnetic resonance (0.66±0.14 versus 0.55±0.15;
P
=0.001). The final infarct size was lower in the liraglutide group than that in the placebo group (15±12 versus 21±15 g;
P
=0.05). Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level was lower in the liraglutide group (
P
<0.001). During a 6-month follow-up period, no difference was observed in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event. Safety and tolerability were similar among the 2 groups.

Conclusions—

Our study provides evidence that liraglutide improves myocardial salvage and infarct size after ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction, possibly by reducing reperfusion injury, making it a promising treatment for evaluation in larger trials.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02001363.
Looks Indexing
Authors: Peebles Graham
Published: December 2016

Charles Travis influentially argued in “The Silence of the Senses” that the representational theory of perceptual experience is false. According to Travis, the way that things look cannot index the content of experience as the subject of the experience cannot read the content off from the way things look. This looks indexing is a central commitment of representationalism. The main thrust of Travis’ argument is that the way things look is fundamentally comparative, and this prevents the subject from reading a single content off from the way things look. If content were looks indexed, the subject would be able to do this. I argue that Travis’ argument rests on an illicit transition from an argument about the way objects look in themselves—i.e. an argument about the visible properties that they have—to a conclusion about the way that objects look to subjects in experience.
Sense, Incomplete Understanding, and the Problem of Normative Guidance
Authors: Pedriali Walter B.
Published: December 2016

Frege seems committed to the thesis that the senses of the fundamental notions of arithmetic remain stable and are stably grasped by thinkers throughout history. Fully competent practitioners grasp those senses clearly and distinctly, while uncertain practitioners see them, the very same senses, “as if through a mist”. There is thus a common object of the understanding apprehended to a greater or lesser degree by thinkers of diverging conceptual competence. Frege takes the thesis to be a condition for the possibility of the rational intelligibility of mathematical practice. I argue however that the idea that senses could be grasped as a matter of degree is in tension with the constitutive theses that Frege held with regard to sense. Given those theses, there can in fact be no such thing as misty grasp of sense, since any uncertainty as to the logical features of a given sense will entail that one is getting hold of a different sense or of no sense at all. I consider various ways of resolving the tension and conclude that Frege’s thesis cannot be defended if we take it to be a thesis about our competence with concepts. This leaves unresolved what I call the problem of normative guidance, that is, the problem of explaining how the fundamental notions of logic and arithmetic can provide inferential guidance to thinkers.
GUESSES AND RECESSES: Notes on, in and towards Dream 0/ Fair to middling Women
Authors: PiIling Jobn
Published: December 2016

This essay studies Beckett's first novel, Dream 0f Fair to middling Women (written 1931-32, posthumously published in 1992), in the light of a notebook donated to the Beckett International Foundation by' the Samuel Beckett Estate. The notebook contains a mass of unsourced jottings, some of which surface verbatim in Dream, and all of which, to a greater or lesser degree, contributed to the composition of the novel. Some specimen pages of the notebook are shown, in spite of their fragmentary appearance, to have specific (and sometimes unexpected) sources in, the books that Beckett was reading. On this basis, and in more general terms, new light is cast on Beckett's compositional technique in Dream.
FILM IN CONTEXT(S)
Authors: Bouchard Norma
Published: December 2016

Beckett's only work for cinema, Film, continues to occupy a peripheral, marginal position in the ever-growing bibliography of Beckett criticism. Without denying that the shift into the cinematic medium resonates with issues common in Beckett's narrative and dramatic œuvre, I intend to explore Film as a document of Beckett's interrogation of vision, widened to include the eye's technological extension; the camera. I contend that Film is a paradoxical œuvre. Couched behind the camera, it uses vision to blind vision, it employs the eye to undermine the eye. Beckett's double gesture becomes a means of probing the visual obsessions of modernity – the enframings by which being is fashioned into a being-imag(e)ined – and modeling an alternative scopic regime.
"REJECTING THE FEASIBLE": Discourse and Subjectivity in The Perverse Project of Beckett's Early Fiction
Authors: Vandervlist Harry
Published: December 2016

Beckett's early fiction retreats from the all-inclusive, encyclopedic scope of Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, instead seeking the minimal conditions necessary for the survival of narrative, or even of utterance itself. The resulting formal experiments lead to insights into the structure of Beckett's material – in this case language and narrative form – which impose themselves as that material is taken to a kind of limit. By refusing conventional narration, retreating from conventional significance, and ignoring accepted hierarchies of relevance, Beckett's narratives join Susan Stewart's category of critical "nonsense" texts which "[make] conscious aspects of context that would remain unarticulated in everyday life and the fictions of realism".
A new species of the genus Paramesotriton (Caudata: Salamandridae) from Fujian, southeastern China
Authors: YUAN ZHIYONG , WU YUNKE , ZHOU JIAJUN , CHE JING
Published: December 2016

New amphibian species have been constantly discovered throughout southern China, including from areas close to heavily populated cities that remain poorly surveyed for amphibian diversity. We describe a new species of the newt genus Paramesotriton from Fujian, a developed province on the southeastern coast of mainland China. The mitochondrial genealogy suggests that the new species is the sister taxon to Paramesotriton hongkongensis, separated by an uncorrected pairwise distances of 5.8% at the ND2 gene fragment analyzed. In addition to the genetic divergence, the new species can be readily differentiated from its congeners by having: a very rough skin; a continuous, orange, vertebral ridge; few warts on each side of the vertebral ridge; numerous small irregular orange-red or yellow spots on the chin, venter, underside of axillae, flanks, lateral side of the tail, base of limbs and cloaca; a small groove at the base of the vomerine tooth series; relatively long tail, relatively flat cloaca in females; normally developed eyes, and the absence of vestigial gills and gill filaments in adults.
Austerity Resistant Social Policies to Protect Employment
Authors: Gelormino Elena , Marino Maurizio , Leombruni Roberto , Costa Giuseppe
Published: December 2016

During the worse phase of the economic downturn, few social policies resisted to the austerity measures imposed to Italy by the European Union. Among them, the most important is the Wage Supplementation Fund, to protect workers and entrepreneurs from bankruptcy and unemployment. Adopting a realist methodology we studied the social mechanisms which are the roots of some political and administrative choices in that period; the public policy decision making approach gave us a theoretical base. Some main mechanisms have been discovered: technical and economic mechanisms overcame politics, social attitudes pushed political choices, the fear of political and social instability drove all parties.
The ‘blue leviathan’
Authors: Stamatakis Nikolaos
Published: December 2016

There have been complaints against the Argentinian police for decades (CELS, 2013, 2015). The Argentinian police (either federal, national, prefectural or military) have been characterised as the ‘blue leviathan’ (Saín, 2008), being responsible for gross human rights violations and excessive violence committed against civilians. The present article focuses on youth, aiming to explore their perceptions regarding police violence and impunity based on past negative experiences in one of the most affected areas in the metropolitan region of Buenos Aires, the Mitre neighbourhood. The quantitative data gathered for this study furthers the discussion on institutional legitimacy and the mutual relationship between the development of confidence, obedience in law and procedural justice, in Argentina and beyond.
The Influence of Social Support on Dyadic Functioning and Mental Health Among Military Personnel During Postdeployment Reintegration
Authors: Cederbaum Julie A. , Wilcox Sherrie L. , Sullivan Kathrine , Lucas Carrie , Schuyler Ashley
Published: December 2016

Objectives:

Although many service members successfully cope with exposure to stress and traumatic experiences, others have symptoms of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety; contextual factors may account for the variability in outcomes from these experiences. This work sought to understand mechanisms through which social support influences the mental health of service members and whether dyadic functioning mediates this relationship.

Methods:

We collected cross-sectional data as part of a larger study conducted in 2013; 321 military personnel who had at least 1 deployment were included in these analyses. Surveys were completed online; we collected data on demographic characteristics, social support, mental health measures (depression, PTSD, and anxiety), and dyadic functioning. We performed process modeling through mediation analysis.

Results:

The direct effects of social support on the mental health of military personnel were limited; however, across all types of support networks, greater social support was significantly associated with better dyadic functioning. Dyadic functioning mediated the relationships between social support and depression/PTSD only when social support came from nonmilitary friends or family; dyadic functioning mediated social support and anxiety only when support came from family. We found no indirect effects of support from military peers or military leaders.

Conclusion:

Findings here highlight the need to continue to explore ways in which social support, particularly from family and nonmilitary-connected peers, can bolster healthy intimate partner relationships and, in turn, improve the well-being of military service members who are deployed.
HIV-1 Infection and Transmission Networks of Younger People in Chicago, Illinois, 2005-2011
Authors: Morgan Ethan , Oster Alexandra M. , Townsell Stephanie , Peace Donna , Benbow Nanette , Schneider John A.
Published: December 2016

Objective:

Analysis of HIV nucleotide sequences can be used to identify people with highly similar HIV strains and understand transmission patterns. The objective of this study was to identify groups of people highly connected by HIV transmission and the extent to which transmission occurred within and between geographic areas in Chicago, Illinois.

Methods:

We analyzed genetic sequences in the HIV-1 pol region in samples collected from people participating in the VARHS program in Chicago during 2005-2011. We determined pairwise genetic distance, inferred potential transmission events between HIV-infected people whose sequences were ≤1.5% genetically distant, and identified clusters of connected people. We used multivariable analysis to determine demographic characteristics and risk attributes associated with degree of connectivity.

Results:

Of 1154 sequences, 177 (15.3%) were tied to at least 1 other sequence. We determined that younger people, men, non-Hispanic black people, and men who have sex with men were more highly connected than other HIV-infected people. We also identified a high degree of geographic heterogeneity—48 of 67 clusters (71.6%) contained people from >1 Chicago region (north, south, or west sides).

Conclusion:

Our results indicate a need to address HIV transmission through the networks of younger non-Hispanic black men who have sex with men. The high level of geographic heterogeneity observed suggests that HIV prevention programs should be targeted toward networks of younger people rather than geographic areas of high incidence. This study could also guide prevention efforts in other diverse metropolitan regions with characteristics similar to those of Chicago.
Partisan Selective Exposure in TV Consumption Patterns: A Polarized Developing Country Context
Authors: Bou-Hamad Imad , Yehya Nadine A.
Published: December 2016

Partisan media are often accused of reinforcing partisan views and contributing to political polarization. Drawing on the literature on selective exposure and media effects, we survey a representative sample of 784 Lebanese citizens who consume partisan media in a highly polarized context. In the absence of centrist nonpartisan channels in Lebanon, we differentiate between extreme and moderate partisan channels and test the prevalence of partisan selective exposure among the viewers. Results show that partisan viewers exhibit partisan selective exposure when selecting channels to watch the news but not in case of entertainment. Neutral viewers avoided extreme partisan channels and were indifferent to the political leaning of the moderate partisan channels. In this study, we present profiling models that predict the likelihood of viewers to seek/avoid extreme and moderate partisan channels based on their political affiliation, religion, age, socioeconomic status, and gender.
Interpersonal stressors in the schoolyard and depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of rumination and co-rumination
Authors: Fan Cuiying , Chu Xiaowei , Wang Mingzhong , Zhou Zongkui
Published: December 2016

Stressors have been identified as significant vulnerability factors in the development of adolescents’ depression. The present study focused on the relationship between depressive symptoms and two types of interpersonal stressors in the schoolyard, namely teacher-student interaction stressors (TSIS) and peer interaction stressors (PIS). More importantly, rumination and co-rumination were examined as two possible mechanisms to account for these relationships. A convenience sample of 570 Chinese adolescents aged from 12- to 19-years-old participated in this research. Results indicated that TSIS and PIS were significantly related to participants’ depressive symptoms. Furthermore, rumination partially mediated the relationship between PIS and depressive symptoms. Co-rumination was a partial mediator between both types of interpersonal stressors and depressive symptoms. Hence, rumination and co-rumination might serve as two mechanisms linking interpersonal stressors in the schoolyard and depressive mood in adolescence. The findings are discussed in the light of related literature and potential implications for school practitioners.
Assessment and Implications of Social Avoidance in Chinese Early Adolescents
Authors: Sang Biao , Ding Xuechen , Coplan Robert J. , Liu Junsheng , Pan Tingting , Feng Xingyi
Published: December 2016

The goals of the present study were to (a) develop and validate a new self-report measure of social avoidance for use among early adolescents in mainland China and (b) explore the links between subtypes of social withdrawal (i.e., shyness, unsociability, and social avoidance) and indices of socio-emotional difficulties in this cultural context. Participants were 663 early adolescents (350 boys, 313 girls) attending elementary schools ([Formula: see text] = 10.25 years) and middle schools ([Formula: see text] = 12.53 years) in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China. Measures of social withdrawal subtypes and adjustment were collected using multi-source assessments, including self-reports, peer nominations, and teacher ratings. The results provided evidence in support of the reliability and validity of the new scale of self-reported social avoidance. Shyness, unsociability, and social avoidance were also all uniquely associated with emotion dysregulation and self-reported internalizing problems. However, only social avoidance was uniquely associated with teacher-rated emotion symptoms and peer problems (as rated by both peers and teachers). Results are discussed in terms of the reasons why social avoidance may have particularly negative implications for early adolescents in China.
CGRP in human models of primary headaches
Authors: Ashina Håkan , Schytz Henrik Winther , Ashina Messoud
Published: December 2016

Objective

To review the role of CGRP in human models of primary headaches and to discuss methodological aspects and future directions.

Discussion

Provocation experiments demonstrated a heterogeneous CGRP migraine response in migraine patients. Conflicting CGRP plasma results in the provocation experiments are likely due to assay variation; therefore, proper validation and standardization of an assay is needed. To what extent CGRP is involved in tension-type headache and cluster headache is unknown.

Conclusion

Human models of primary headaches have elucidated the role of CGRP in headache pathophysiology and sparked great interest in developing new treatment strategies using CGRP antagonists and antibodies. Future studies applying more refined human experimental models should identify biomarkers of CGRP-induced primary headache and reveal whether CGRP provocation experiments could be used to predict efficacy of CGRP antagonists in migraine patients.
Do You Think I’m Worth It? The Self-Verifying Role of Parental Engagement in Career Adaptability and Career Persistence Among STEM Students
Authors: Amarnani Rajiv K. , Garcia Patrick Raymund James M. , Restubog Simon Lloyd D. , Bordia Prashant , Bordia Sarbari
Published: December 2016

Parents contribute a great deal to their children’s career development. Despite the central importance of the self-concept to career development, little research has examined the role played by parental engagement in the link between the child’s self-concept and career development. Integrating self-verification and career construction theories, we develop and test the prediction that parental engagement indirectly contributes to career adaptability and career persistence by serving as a tacit signal of the child’s positive worth. Using a time-lagged survey design, we tested the proposed moderated mediation model in a sample of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) university students. The results show full support for the hypothesized model. Consistent with self-verification theory, STEM students’ self-esteem was only associated with subsequent career adaptability and career persistence if they also perceived high levels of parental engagement. This result held despite statistically controlling for parent-reported parental engagement. We discuss implications for career development, STEM career persistence, and career counseling.
Vulnerability of Small Island Developing States to Natural Disasters
Authors: Sjöstedt Martin , Povitkina Marina
Published: December 2016

Small island developing states (SIDS) have been identified as particularly vulnerable to natural disasters and climate change. However, although SIDS have similar geographical features, natural hazards produce different outcomes in different states, indicating variation in vulnerability. The objective of this article is to explore the sources of this variation. With the point of departure in theories about how political institutions affect adaptive capacities, this article sets out to investigate whether government effectiveness has an impact on the vulnerability of SIDS. While claims over the importance of institutions are common in the literature, there is a lack of empirical accounts testing the validity of such claims. This shortcoming is addressed by this study’s time-series cross-sectional analysis using data from the International Disaster Risk database and the Quality of Government data set. The results show that government effectiveness has strong and significant effects on the number of people killed and affected by natural disasters.
Networked liabilities: Transnational authority in a world of transnational business
Authors: Crasnic Loriana , Kalyanpur Nikhil , Newman Abraham
Published: December 2016

The proliferation of production networks and cross-border contracting is frequently cited as empowering globally active corporations to skirt, and shape, national regulations. While scholars often focus on the political gains from these new forms of business organization, we shift the conversation to the potential political costs of global firm reorganization. The spread of corporate subsidiaries and global supply-chain networks leave firms vulnerable to a host of jurisdictional claims, and by targeting a domestically rooted affiliate, states can bring the global practices of the multinational corporation in line with their interests. In other words, states can take advantage of the transnationalization of the firm to transnationalize their authority beyond traditional jurisdictional boundaries. We label this process “networked liabilities.” Specifically, the combination of a firm’s sunk costs and the country’s jurisdictional substitutability determines the ability of governments to exert demands on multinational corporations. A key contribution of the article is to better specify the relationship between mobility and authority and to illustrate that networked liabilities can further empower a variety of states beyond traditional economic powers like the US or the European Union. We further highlight when firms may curtail the authority of great powers. The growing reach of the regulatory state domestically, coupled with the transnationalization of the firm, creates an increasing number of tools for certain governments to engage in economic statecraft beyond their borders. Our findings, then, contribute to debates on business–government relations in a globalized world, the changing nature of political risk, and the deterritorialization of state authority.
Identifying barriers to diagnosing dementia following incentivisation and policy pressures: General practitioners’ perspectives
Authors: Chithiramohan Anita , Iliffe Steve , Khattak Iram
Published: December 2016

Overcoming barriers to earlier diagnosis of dementia in primary care is a core ambition of several government initiatives in the UK, with incentives put in place to promote earlier recognition by general practitioners and referral to specialists. This study was designed to explore general practitioners’ opinions concerning barriers to diagnosing dementia, following implementation of strategies aimed at reducing them. The study involved in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 13 general practitioners from seven practices in North London or the West Midlands. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts was carried out using the Framework approach. We identified four major themes: organisational factors, clinician-related factors, patient-related factors and societal influences. The study findings revealed barriers previously unidentified in the literature which warrant further investigation, including the limits of diagnostic tools, lack of cultural applicability of these tools, and prioritisation of severe over mildly symptomatic patients by dementia services.
Sleep Disruption in Pediatric Cancer Survivors
Authors: Merz Erin L. , Tomfohr-Madsen Lianne
Published: December 2016

Sleep disruption is a commonly reported consequence of cancer and its treatment in pediatric patients and survivors. This review summarizes common sleep concerns in this population and introduces a multidimensional framework of risk factors specific to childhood cancer that may interact to develop and maintain disrupted sleep. Based on the extant literature, parameters of the cancer and its treatment, physical and social environmental conditions both during and after treatment, changes to family behavior and norms, psychological factors and traumatic stress, and reduced physical activity are hypothesized to be the most pertinent risk factors for disrupted sleep in this population. Potential clinical assessment strategies and behavioral interventions relevant to these considerations are discussed, with reference to the behavioral model of insomnia. The review concludes by offering directions for research and clinical practice, including developing and testing comprehensive assessment tools, intervention effectiveness studies in both oncology and primary care clinics, and efforts to increase patient-provider communication about sleep in pediatric oncology.
Time-dependent line-of-sight extinction tomography for multi-hole GDI injectors
Authors: Sivathanu Yudaya , Lim Jongmook , Kulkarni Varun
Published: December 2016

Finely atomized sprays from multi-hole gasoline direct injection (GDI) fuel injectors make them an ideal choice for automobile applications. A knowledge of the factors affecting the performance of these injectors is hence important. In the study presented here, we employ statistical extinction tomography to examine the transient characteristics of two GDI fuel injectors with five and six holes. Two axial locations, 25 mm and 35 mm from the injector exit, are chosen for experimental measurements, and the dependence of injection pressure and ambient temperature on plume locations and angles is examined from these measurements. A pressure chamber with opposing windows is used which permits the nozzle to be rotated 12 times (30° each rotation) to obtain information on the complete spray structure. Additionally, the plume centroid locations are measured and compared with those obtained with a mechanical patternator. The centroid locations from the two instruments compare favorably.
Pelvic congestion syndrome masquerading as osteoarthritis of the hip
Authors: Dos Santos Scott J , Whiteley Mark S
Published: December 2016

Objectives:

Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is associated with pelvic vein reflux (PVR), occasionally secondary to venous compression. Its symptoms, usually intra-pelvic, are alleviated following the abolition of this reflux by pelvic vein embolisation (PVE). The objective of this report is to present two cases of left hip pain, erroneously diagnosed as osteoarthritis, which disappeared after successful PVE and abolition of PVR.

Methods:

Two females presented with lower limb varicose veins, and also had a history of left-sided hip pain. Both had previously been investigated for the hip pain and diagnosed as osteoarthritis despite minimal arthritic changes on pelvic X-rays. During investigation for lower limb varicose veins, both showed a pelvic origin for their leg veins and hence underwent transvaginal duplex ultrasound. This revealed PVR, and PVE was planned in both patients.

Results:

Both patients underwent PVE and reported ‘miraculous’ resolution of left hip pain and also PCS symptoms including pelvic pain, irritable bowel issues and the disappearance of pelvic dragging, with almost immediate disappearance of vulval and vaginal varicosities. One patient also noted reduced clitoral sensitivity.

Conclusion:

Manifestations of PCS may vary in terms of intra- or extra-pelvic signs. PCS and PVR should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with arthritic symptoms in the hip without evident radiographic evidence.
Evaluation of Stress Experienced by Emergency Telecommunications Personnel Employed in a Large Metropolitan Police Department
Authors: Ramey Sandra L. , Perkhounkova Yelena , Hein Maria , Chung Sophia J. , Anderson Amanda A.
Published: December 2016

Emergency telecommunications personnel (ETCP) form the hub of police agencies and persistently deal with distressing situations on a daily basis, making them highly susceptible to psychological and physiological ailments. To date, few studies have examined the necessity or feasibility of implementing a resilience training intervention for ETCP. In this study, the authors assessed baseline psychological data from the ETCP of a large police department to determine the differences in baseline measures for ETCP and police officers. Participants included ETCP ages 29 to 64 years ( n = 19). Results showed that ETCP self-reported greater levels of psychological stress compared with police officers ( p < .05) for the majority of measures; ETCP experience excessive levels of stress and greater prevalence of chronic disease. Consideration should be given to piloting resilience interventions within this group to manage stress; improve health, performance, and decision making; and decrease the prevalence of chronic disease.
Initial Results of an Evidence-Based Safe Patient Handling and Mobility Program to Decrease Hospital Worker Injuries
Authors: Przybysz Linda , Levin Pamela F.
Published: December 2016

The rate for musculoskeletal injuries among health care workers is one of the highest for all industrial sectors in the United States; these injuries often occur during manual handling (i.e., lifting, moving, transferring, and repositioning) of patients. The following article describes the process used to complete a comprehensive assessment, as well as the planning, implementation, and initial evaluation of a quality improvement program to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among health care workers employed by a rural Midwest hospital. Key elements for WMSD injury reduction were identified and compared across literature sources, national standards, and current state and federal legislative requirements for hospitals. The program used a multi-factor design that included evidence-based interventions (i.e., those supported by emerging evidence) to create a comprehensive Safe Patient Handling and Mobility (SPHM) program intended to address the unique needs of the organization. Initial program results are reviewed as well as significant considerations and challenges for SPHM programs.
Enhancing the Safety Climate and Reducing Violence Against Staff in Closed Hospital Wards
Authors: Isaak Valerie , Vashdi Dana , Bar-Noy Dor , Kostisky Hava , Hirschmann Shmuel , Grinshpoon Alexander
Published: December 2016

This study examined the effectiveness of an intervention program to enhance unit safety climate and minimize employee risk of injury from patient violence. The intervention program, including a 3-day workshop, was offered to personnel on maximum security units of an Israeli psychiatric hospital. Safety climate was examined before and after the implementation of the intervention, and incidents of patient violence were investigated. Six months after the intervention, a significant improvement in employees’ perceptions of management’s commitment to safety as well as a marginally significant improvement in communication about safety issues were found. This study demonstrated that an intervention program to enhance safety climate was associated with a decrease in the number of aggressive incidents. The researchers concluded that this intervention program is likely to return a sense of safety to workers and reduce workplace violence.
Relationship between Consumers’ Spirituality and Green Purchasing Intentions: The Mediation Effect of Perceived Consumer Effectiveness
Authors: Sharma C. S. , Sharma Nitika
Published: December 2016

The article explores the role of ‘spirituality’ in green consumer behaviour. It proposes an original framework in order to explore the influence of spirituality on green purchasing intentions (GPI) of consumers through the mediating role of perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE). The data collected from Indian consumers were analyzed with the help of the mediation model proposed by Hayes (2008). By employing the consumer’s spirituality scale developed by Narang (2013) and the PCE scale of Kim and Choi (2005), the study found that the spiritual orientation of consumers significantly affects their GPI. The conclusions drawn from the study can be used by marketers to stimulate GPI by focusing on the role of spirituality among consumers. Since green has become a distinct way of positioning a product or a company, firms can employ environmental concerns and consciousness of consumers to magnetize new markets, customers and retain existing green consumers.
Mineralogy of the Neoproterozoic epidote-bearing TTG suite, Mons Claudianus batholith (Egypt) and implications for synorogenic magmatism
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Abdel-Fattah M.
Published: December 2016

The Neoproterozoic, epidote-bearing Mons Claudianus Batholith (MCB), Egypt, consists of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) lithologies, containing variable contents of quartz, feldspars, amphiboles, biotite, and magmatic epidote, with accessory titanite, zircon, allanite, apatite, opaque magnetite and ilmenite. Plagioclase varies from An49to An19, and K-feldspars possess near end-member compositions (Or97to Or91). Amphiboles are calcic (Ca = 1.88–1.92 atoms per formula unit (apfu)), Al-rich (average AlT= 1.84 apfu), having an average Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratio of 0.50, and are edenite, ferro-edenite and ferropargasite. The Al-in-Hb barometer produced an average crystallization pressure of 5.5 kbar, consistent with the presence of magmatic epidote; the association epidote – Al-rich-Hb suggests mesozonal crustal levels, and thus a possible average rate of regional uplift for the Nubian Shield would have been in the order of 0.03 mm/yr. Calculated temperatures (using the Hb-Plag geothermometer) range from 729 to 754°C (average 747°C). The calculatedP / Tvalues of epidote-bearing MCB rocks fall within the experimentally-determinedP-Trange of stability of magmatic epidote withfO2buffered from NNO to HM. Biotites in the MCB are moderately Mg-rich (Fe/(Fe + Mg) = 0.42 to 0.50), and are type 'C'-biotite, typical of calcalkaline orogenic suites, which are distinct from types 'A' and 'P' biotites occurring in anorogenic alkaline, and peraluminous lithologies, respectively. The minor secondary chlorite phases, with their Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios of 0.37–0.52, are pycnochlorite and ripidolites, and belong to group 'c' chlorites. Minerals of the MCB reflect a petrogenetic history involving a wet, subsolvus, typically orogenic magmatic system. Results of this study could have wide implications for mineralogical characterization, level of emplacement and evolution of magmatic systems of TTG suites occurring in other orogenic belts.
Distinct regulatory networks control the development of macrophages of different origins in zebrafish
Authors: Yu Tao , Guo Weilin , Tian Ye , Xu Jin , Chen Jiahao , Li Li , Wen Zilong
Published: December 2016

Key Points

Pu.1 and Spi-b form vertical and paralleled regulatory networks to orchestrate RBI- and VDA-born macrophage development, respectively. The vertical and paralleled Pu.1−Spi-b regulatory networks control the development of RBI- and VDA-born macrophages by regulating Irf8.
PROPER: global protein interaction network alignment through percolation matching
Authors: Kazemi Ehsan , Hassani Hamed , Grossglauser Matthias , Pezeshgi Modarres Hassan
Published: December 2016

Background

The alignment of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks enables us to uncover the relationships between different species, which leads to a deeper understanding of biological systems. Network alignment can be used to transfer biological knowledge between species. Although different PPI-network alignment algorithms were introduced during the last decade, developing an accurate and scalable algorithm that can find alignments with high biological and structural similarities among PPI networks is still challenging.

Results

In this paper, we introduce a new global network alignment algorithm for PPI networks called PROPER. Compared to other global network alignment methods, our algorithm shows higher accuracy and speed over real PPI datasets and synthetic networks. We show that the PROPER algorithm can detect large portions of conserved biological pathways between species. Also, using a simple parsimonious evolutionary model, we explain why PROPER performs well based on several different comparison criteria.

Conclusions

We highlight that PROPER has high potential in further applications such as detecting biological pathways, finding protein complexes and PPI prediction. The PROPER algorithm is available at http://proper.epfl.ch.
Plus the Swinging of the Door
Authors: Nathanaël
Published: December 2016

When Haitian author Frankétienne writes in French and Kreyòl, as he does in Rapjazz and in other texts, part of the work he achieves is the dismantling of a linear understanding of translation as movement between two languages, or as might be figured by the meeting of two bodies (whatever their attributed sexes). What appear to be blocks of texts in differentiable languages reveal themselves to not simply mirror one another but also refract and resorb one another; the languages devour each other, and their compost—Frankétienne's text—carries embedded trace elements that make their precise differentiation impracticable. Every translative act risks, of necessity, a form of double exposure, of both translator and text. Here, it is not so much the Marassa figure (from the Vodun tradition) in Frankétienne's text that demands attention but the text itself as a figure of the Marassa.
In Memoriam to Identity
Authors: Heinrich Ari Larissa , Dowd Eloise
Published: December 2016

When Taiwanese author Qiu Miaojin ended her life in 1995, she left behind her final work, the experimental novel Last Words from Montmartre. This article outlines some of the challenges in translating Qiu Miaojin's novel from Chinese to English. Structured as a series of letters to mirror the novel's own epistolary form, the article discusses how, supported by the novel's constructed chaos, Qiu's narrator occupies several distinct genders over the course of the novel. The authors argue that what might be construed in certain Western literary traditions as the novel's excessive emotionality is in fact a radical act of expression and even resistance to prevailing calls for queer “reticence” in the time and place of its production.
Self-Assembly and Solid-State Polymerization of Butadiyne Derivatives with Amide and Trialkoxyphenyl Groups
Authors: Kikuchi Kohei , Tatewaki Yoko , Okada Shuji
Published: December 2016

Three butadiyne derivatives with amide and tri(dodecyloxy)phenyl (TDP) groups were synthesized, and four solidification methods were applied to obtain their self-assembling states in various conditions. The solids obtained were characterized by the solid-state polymerization behaviors, stretching vibration wavenumbers of N–H bonds of amide groups, powder X-ray diffraction, the thermal behaviors, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. We found that all compounds had at least two polymorphs. Property differences between two polymorphs depended on the compounds. Two compounds showed clear differences in UV–vis spectra of the photopolymerized solids, i.e., the polydiacetylene (PDA) structure, and irregularly polymerized form, or two PDA structures. The remaining compound showed the same PDA absorption but the monomer melting points were different. All compounds gave the gels in various organic solvents because of the molecular design with amide and TDP groups. SEM observation clarified the relationship between gel appearance and the nanostructures.
Hamartomas from head to toe: an imaging overview
Authors: Leiter Herrán Francisca , Restrepo Carlos S , Alvarez Gómez Daniel I , Suby-Long Thomas , Ocazionez Daniel , Vargas Daniel
Published: December 2016

Hamartomas are tumours composed of mesenchymal tissues such as cartilage, fat, connective tissue and smooth muscle and can be found in virtually any organ system. These masses commonly develop sporadically, but are also seen in certain syndromes such as tuberous sclerosis or Carney triad. While their imaging appearance varies depending on the organ they arise from, findings are usually unique and a diagnosis can be confidently made. Radiologists must be aware of the clinical and imaging presentations of these lesions with the particular goal of avoiding unnecessary studies or invasive procedures. Furthermore, knowledge of common syndromic entities is crucial, as the radiologist may be the first to suggest the diagnosis.