bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Teaching Techniques (Storytelling and Show-and-Tell) and Students’ Personality on Students’ Speaking Skill
Authors: Gumelar Rizdki Elang
Published: July 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of teaching techniques (Storytelling and Show-And-Tell) and students’ personality on students’ speaking skill at the third grade students of Islamic Senior High School 69 Persis Matraman Jakarta. This research used a quantitative quasi experimental approach using factorial design. In collecting the data this research used speaking test and questionnaire. The hypothesis analysis used two ways anova. Finding of this study showed that there is no significant difference between the students who use teaching technique by using storytelling and those who use show-and-tell on students’ speaking skill. Moreover, there is also no significant difference of introvert and extrovert student on student’s speaking skill. Furthermore, the last finding shows, there is no significant interaction between both teaching techniques and students’ personality on students’ speaking skill.
Impact Of Hospital Acreditation: Qualitative Study To Nurses In RSUD KRT Setjonegoro Of Wonosobo
Authors: Mandawati Murti , Fu'adi Muhammad Jauhar , Jaelan Jaelan
Published: July 2018

Introduction: As stated by the Ministry of Health, hospital accreditation is mandatory done through a series of assessments and improvements as a step to ensure the hospital in prioritizing public services, safety and protection. Nursing care as one of the main services in hospitals is the most widely rated service in accreditation. Therefore, this study was done to determine the nurse's perception of the impact of accreditation on nursing. Methodology: This qualitative study examined 21 hospital nurses as its respondents. The data were collected by in-depth interviews using interview guides. The data were then analyzed and categorized to determine the theme. Results: According to the nurses, hospital accreditation was important to implement. The positive impacts of accreditation were the increased care of nurses on patient safety indicators, among others, improvements in the problem reporting flow, compliance with standard operating procedures, communication among health workers, documentation, service facilities,continuing nurses education, health education, and working enviroument. Discussion: a positive outlook on accreditation activities is a good start for hospitals to continue to improve service quality. Because the main thing in service is the quality of service assessed from the clinical indicators of the service, not the completeness of the documentation.
Economia como Ciência Teórica e suas Relações com as Ciências Econômicas Históricas e Práticas – Parte 1
Authors: Menger Carl
Published: July 2018

O autor argumenta que a economia teórica não pode ocupar o lugar da história ou da estatística econômica na busca de conhecimento e que a investigação mais abrangente no campo da história ou da estatística também não pode substituir a economia teórica sem deixar um vazio no sistema das ciências econômicas. A compreensão de fenômenos concretos, de qualquer tipo que sejam, deve se distinguir sempre dos fundamentos científicos dessa compreensão, ou seja, da teoria ou da história dos fenômenos correspondentes; e a compreensão teórica dos fenômenos econômicos concretos deve distinguir-se, em particular, da teoria da economia.
Revisitando a Definição de Moeda
Authors: Ulrich Fernando
Published: July 2018

Segundo grande parte dos economistas da Escola Austríaca, moeda é definida como o meio de troca universalmente aceito. Mas verdade é que essa noção de moeda é vaga. Assim, visando remover o máximo possível de imprecisões, propomos um refinamento na definição de moeda.
O Libertarianismo é Amoral?
Authors: Raico Ralph
Published: July 2018

O artigo apresenta uma visão presciente e equilibrada dos erros da antiga crítica conservadora ao libertarianismo, fundada na crença de que os liberais negam a existência de uma ordem moral fundada em Deus, defendem a liberdade humana como único imperativo moral e que advogam o relativismo, o pragmatismo e materialismo. Ao criticar as simplificações da proposta fusionista de Frank S. Mayer e de M. Stanton Evans, o autor demonstra a vulnerabilidade da tentação estatista de alguns conservadores.
Os Escolásticos Tardios Espanhóis – Parte 1
Authors: Rothbard Murray N.
Published: July 2018

O autor mostra como o comércio marítimo mudou a geopolítica europeia a partir do século XV e aponta o triunfo do absolutismo em toda a Europa no início do século XVII. Em seguida, apresenta a escolástica tardia como um produto do século XVI que prenunciou a Reforma protestante e a Contrarreforma católica. Afirma ainda que se o século XIII pode ser descrito como a era de ouro da filosofia escolástica, o século XVI foi a era de prata, um período de grande renascimento do pensamento escolástico, com o renascimento do tomismo liderado por Tommaso de Vio, o famoso cardeal Caetano, um defensor do progresso individual e do lucrum cessans. Em seguida, o autor descreve o pensamento econômico de alguns pensadores da escola de Salamanca como De Soto, Azpilcueta, Medina e Covarrubias y Leyva, dentre outros, que, como se sabe, foram os primeiros protoaustríacos.
Sociedade – Parte 2
Authors: Mises Ludwig Von
Published: July 2018

O autor prossegue a análise sobre a natureza da sociedade enfatizando o desenvolvimento da divisão do trabalho e as mudanças que esta traz para o indivíduo e para o desenvolvimento social. Diferencia os conceitos de evolução social e de regressão social, mostrando como este último ocorreu na história sempre que não houve cooperação social. O autor conclui discorrendo sobre a importância da propriedade privada no desenvolvimento vigoroso da sociedade, ao mesmo tempo em que apresenta os instintos contrários a seu desenvolvimento.
Jogos Evolutivos, Sistemas Adaptativos Complexos e a Perspectiva Austríaca de Hayek:
Authors: Tellez-Zepeda Claudio A.
Published: July 2018

A Escola Austríaca de Economia e a Economia Evolutiva são duas perspectivas heterodoxas aparentemente incompatíveis. O propósito deste artigo é ser um primeiro passo no desenvolvimento de uma abordagem ao mesmo tempo evolutiva e austríaca. Defendo que uma das coisas que impedem o desenvolvimento de uma tal abordagem é o recurso de F. A. Hayek à seleção de grupo em sua interpretação evolutiva dos mercados e da sociedade. Argumento que pode-se desenvolver uma abordagem austríaca evolutiva mediante uma interpretação dos jogos evolutivos como sistemas adaptativos complexos, abandonando a ideia de seleção de grupo e introduzindo uma unidade de seleção adequada.
Hayek e o Prêmio Nobel
Authors: Rothbard Murray N.
Published: July 2018

Nesse texto, pela ocasião do Prêmio Nobel de Economia concedido a Hayek, o autor resume as principais contribuições desse autor à teoria econômica, metodologia e filosofia política, notando a importância dessas idéias para a resistência ao inflacionismo, planejamento central e ativismo macroeconômico que marcaram o século XX.
Notas sobre os Reflexos Intergeracionais da Expansão dos Direitos Fundamentais
Authors: Ricken Guilherme
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo tem por escopo delinear algumas consequências intergeracionais oriundas da expansão dos direitos fundamentais. Para tanto, será exposto, em um primeiro momento, o itinerário histórico da afirmação dos direitos fundamentais no mundo ocidental, enfatizando-se que eles surgiram como direitos de liberdade. Em seguida serão mostrados os reflexos da contínua ampliação desses direitos, como a intervenção do Estado na economia e o endividamento público, e seus corolários, quais sejam, ciclos econômicos, inflação e crises. Por fim, será apresentada uma teoria liberal para os direitos fundamentais adequada ao princípio da equidade intergeracional, baseada na ética da liberdade de Murray Rothbard.
As Consequências Psicológicas da Burocratização
Authors: Mises Ludwig Von
Published: July 2018

No presente trabalho, o autor discute as consequências psicológicas de preferir um ambiente social e econômico marcado pela organização burocrática ao invés de uma organização econômica racional pautada pelos preços de mercado. No caso da vida social e econômica caracterizada pela burocratização crescente, a tutela paternalista tende a se tornar autoritária e desfavorável ao fortalecimento do senso crítico, sem o qual cria-se a falsa ilusão de que pode haver liberdade sob um sistema de total arregimentação.
A Tarefa e o Escopo da Ciência da Ação Humana – Parte III:
Authors: Mises Ludwig Von
Published: July 2018

O autor examina os objetivos e o método apropriado para desenvolver investigações no campo das ciências sociais, discutindo a origem dessas ciências e percorrendo com particular atenção os campos da Economia e da Sociologia. Elaborando um posicionamento crítico tanto ao historicismo quanto ao empirismo, o autor argui em favor de uma ciência universal – a praxiologia, ou a ciência da ação humana.
Ludwig von Mises e as Organizações Libertárias:
Authors: Hülsmann Jörg Guido
Published: July 2018

O autor apresenta a história do envolvimento de Ludwig von Mises em organizações em prol da liberdade, desde a defesa do livre comércio nos anos 1920 até sua participação na fundação da Sociedade Mont Pèlerin em 1947. Dessa maneira, o autor ilustra o papel central desempenhado por Mises no desenvolvimento do pensamento liberal/libertário no século XX.
Within-person variability promotes learning of internal facial features and facilitates perceptual discrimination and memory
Authors: Robins Elliott , Susilo Tirta , Ritchie Kay L. , Devue Christel
Published: July 2018

Recent research indicates that exposure to within-person variability is essential for developing robust representations of new faces. For example, people perform better on a face matching task after exposure to highly variable photos, compared to less variable photos. However, the specific aspects of face processing that benefit from variability remain unclear. We investigated whether within-person variability improves the ability to match and recognise individual faces, and whether it promotes learning of internal facial features. In one exploratory and one confirmatory experiments, we tested matching and recognition performance of participants after they learned 4 individual faces in a high variability condition and another 4 in a low variability condition. Further, to assess if variability promotes robust learning of invariant facial features (e.g., eyes, nose), we compared performance with and without external facial features (full headshots vs cropped images showing only internal features). We found a large benefit of variability in the recognition task, and a smaller effect on the matching task, but the size of the benefit was comparable with and without the presence of external features. Therefore, within-person variability improves a variety of face recognition skills, and it encourages the encoding of internal facial features.
MENDOBRAK SISTEM KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN MANAJEMEN UKM DODOL MELALUI SP-PIRT PADA DESA SUKAJAYA KECAMATAN CIBITUNG KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Sari Dessy Agustina
Published: July 2018

Provinsi Jawa Barat turut mengambil peran dalam hal ketahanan dan keamanan pangan dari hasil perkebuan rakyat. Pemanfaatan kelapa dalam skala rumah tangga berbentuk makanan manis dan lengket yaitu dodol. Hal ini dilakukan oleh warga desa Sukajaya kecamatan Cibitung kabupaten Bekasi dan lokasi ini dikenal sebagai Kampung Dodol Khas Betawi. Daerah ini berdekatan dengan 7 (tujuh) kawasan industri, seperti Jababeka, MM2100, EJIP, PT Lippo Cikarang, PT Delta Mas, PT Bekasi Fadjar Hungkang, dan T Hyundai Inti Development Park Dae Woo. Tim penulis melihat bahwa tidaklah semua warga kabupaten Bekasi berkeinginan menjadi buruh pabrik, dan lingkungan dipenuhi polutan bahkan dibanjiri limbah pabrik. Faktor usia, krisis keuangan perusahan memberikan dampak adanya putus hubungan kerja (PHK) ribuan karyawannya. Saat ini, perusahaan menetapkan sistem kontrak karyawan dengan adanya masa uji coba (1-2 tahun, setiap perusahaan memiliki kebijakan tersendiri) sebelum diangkat sebagai pegawai tetap. Perjalanannya terjadi kesalahan maka calon pegawai dikeluarkan.Resep pembuatan dodol berhasil dilestarikan hingga tahun 2017 dan telah terbentuk 23 UKM yang turut berkecimpung pada usaha tersebut. Sebagian besar merupakan usaha kekeluargaan. Namun sampai saat ini, para pelaku kegiatan tidak memperhatikan perkembangan zaman mengenai kelayakan produksi suatu makanan apabila produk dikonsumsi oleh pihak luar. Para pembeli berdatangan ke rumah produksi sebagai agen distributor bahkan juga berperan sebagai tengkulak. Mengapa hal demikian bisa terjadi selama seperempat abad? Produsen dodol tidak memanfaatkan teknologi internet untuk melihat dunia, lalu jarang meringankan langkah kaki ke pasar modern, swalayan, bahkan perbelanjaan modern (“mol”) untuk membandingkan fisik produk yang mereka miliki. Kepercayaan bahwa pasar tradisional adalah lokasi terbaik membeli keperluan sehari-sehari kian melekat dan menurun pada anak-cucunya. Hasil wawancara tim penulis menguak fakta bahwa produsen tidak mampu mengakomodir tim ekspedisi ke luar kota karena produk tidak mengantongi izin edar produk yang dibawahi Dinas Kesehatan sehingga para tengkulak mempunyai celah aktivitas untuk mengambil keuntungan dari pelaku usaha.
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatments : Prediction of Retention Time on RT/RW Plants
Authors: Sari Dessy Agustina
Published: July 2018

Waste water treatment gave major problem in higher of chemical oxygen demand that backgrounded by amount and type of PT RT/RW products. The waste was polymer, mixture of nitrogen, mixture of phosphate, and oil. This factory used active sludge and microorganism (anaerobic condition). Research result showed that pH ranged 4,94 until 8,02. This data gave a decreasing sharply in acidic condition. The thing could be caused acetogenic phase in area pond anaerobic. The phenomenon might be recited because possibility of biologist living this waste did not take place as well and or could give deathly affect to the anaerobic bacteria. Customary pH for the bacteria was 6,8 – 7,4. Temperature data reached 28-33oC so their activities were good. Then, efficiency of anaerobic waste water treatment was 62,95 to 66,06%. The data indicated that the research was not accordance with SOP companies. Inlet concentration of chemical oxygen demand had variation and gave unbalancing affect to digestive bacteria load. Estimation to get valid COD was 11-14 days. The duration was required by the microorganism to digest the matter organic perfectly to be methane and carbon dioxide gas.
Measuring the development of working memory capacity:  Example of an adaptive complex span task
Authors: Aubry Alexandre , Gonthier Corentin , Hainselin Mathieu , Bourdin Béatrice
Published: July 2018

The aim of this current article is to provide a reflection on how to estimate working memory capacity (WMC), and to investigate its developmental trajectory from eight to twenty-three years-old with a single adaptive and multimodal task. WMC is defined as both storage and manipulation of the information during a cognitive activity. This cognitive aptitude is crucial for the learning and play an important role in the intellectual functioning. WMC is strongly related to some cognitives activities such as the language comprehension, the problems solving or the mathematics. The assessment of WMC therefore seems to be essential throughout lifespan. Although WMC is domain-general, most assessments WMC are based on verbal tasks only. Furthermore, WMC measurement in the developmental studies is limited by the need to preserve discriminating power at all possible ages. The use of a short and composite complex span task adapting itself to the individual’s performance seems meet both requirements. Thus, we created a computerized task that is both multimodal (with verbal and nonverbal subtests) and adaptive to the individual’s abilities: the Adaptive Composite Complex Span (ACCES). With a sample of 724 participants aged between 8 and 23 years-old, our findings show ACCES retains high discriminating power at all chronological ages with no ceiling effect or floor effect. Theoretical and clinical implication are discussed.
Prégénériques et génériques dans les adaptations cinématographiques québécoises
Authors: Pascal Marie
Published: July 2018

Abstract: This article offers a theoretical approach to the status of opening credits, as a paratextual or metatextual discursive instance, in addition to their relationship to diegetic scenes and their hypotext. The films chosen are all adaptations produced in Quebec since 1990. The growing presence of opening sequences, inserted before the credit sequence, removes the responsibility of the introduction from the extradiegetic sequence. They will be examined through the choices made in terms of transition (readable, audible, or visible) and the relations of the different strata of reality through which the audience evolves.
The emergence of complexity and novelty in the human fossil record
Authors: Ackermann Rebecca Rogers , Schroeder Lauren
Published: July 2018

Outside of possible evidence for more complex social practices (e.g. longevity post-trauma, preserved infant remains), the fossil record of human evolution is limited in its ability to address the transition towards transcendental forms of wisdom. Indeed, it is difficult to equate our modern intellectual condition with deep past biological indicators at all. Nonetheless, arguably the best and most visible evidence for biological changes that might be precursors to these abilities are in the form of increasing complexity and/or novelty. We see these patterns in the hominin fossil record most strongly at the emergence and diversification of our genus, and in the Middle to Late Pleistocene record with the emergence of our species. Here we will first give a brief overview of the human fossil record, and will then focus on these two time periods, and the question of what produces such complexity/novelty.
Mendekontruksi Drama Empat Babak “KejahatanMembalas Dendam” Karya Idrus
Authors: Nitayadnya I Wayan
Published: July 2018

Drama empat babak “Kejahatan Membalas Dendam” karya Idrus telah banyak dikaji oleh para kritikus sastra. Kajian tersebut telah menghasilkan makna-makna yang telah dikonvensionalkan, terutama pada aspek penokohan dan tema. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap makna di balik makna yang telah dikonvensionalkan itu atau makna paradoks dari unsur-unsur aporia, terutama unsur aporia dalam tema dan penokohan drama karya Idrus tersebut. Teori yang digunakan untuk mengungkap makna paradoks itu adalah teori dekonstruksi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode studi kepustakaan, deskriptik analitik, dan penyajian secara naratif. Hasil dekonstruksi menunjukkan bahwa tokoh yang dikonvensionalkan sebagai tokoh pengkhianat bangsa sebenarnya adalah tokoh pejuang yang hebat. Ia ikhlas berkorban jiwa dan raga untuk mencapai cita-cita kemerdekaan. Demikian pula mengenai pengorbanan untuk nusa dan bangsa bukanlah tema sentral drama ini, melainkan yang menjadi tema sentral adalah menyingkirkan pengkhianat bangsa.
Menulis Deskripsi dengan Model Investigasi Kelompok
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan
Published: July 2018

Menulis adalah cara mentransformasikan suatu ide atau pesan kepada pembaca. Kegiatan menulis dalam penelitian ini adalah menulis deskriptif. Menulis deskriptif bertujuan untuk menulis objek sehingga pembaca dengan sendirinya dapat merasakan dan melihat objek tersebut. Penelitian ini dikenal dengan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian tindakan kelas dilakukan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran investigasi: tindakan PTK terdiri dari dua lingkaran. Setiap lingkaran terdiri atas tiga kali pertemuan. Setiap lingkaran mencakup perencanaan, tindakan, refleksi, dan evaluasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran investigasi kelompok dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis deskriptif terhadap studi menulis surat bahasa Indonesia. Hal ini ditunjukkan dalam proses pembelajaran sampai pada evaluasi.
Korelasi Bahasa Daerah, Kesenian, dan Pariwisata (Kajian Integratif Terhadap Bahasa Aceh)
Authors: Santoso Teguh
Published: July 2018

Makalah ini berisi tentang pengintegrasian antara seni, bahasa, dan pariwisata. Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki kekayaan akan ketiga hal tersebut. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mencoba mengungkapkan nilai positif seni dan bahasa dalam mendukung perkembangan pariwisata Aceh. Beberapa kesenian tradisional menggunakan bahasa Aceh sebagai media seperti terdapat dalam tari seulawet, tari rapai, tari pho, dan lain-lain. Jika kesenian tersebut menggunakan bahasa Aceh, hal itu merupakan salah satu upaya revitalisasi terhadap bahasa Aceh. Revitalisasi bahasa daerah dapat dilakukan dalam beberapa cara atau metode. Salah satu metode dalam revitalisasi bahasa daerah, yakni menggunakan medium internet dengan tentu saja diperlukan dukungan pemerintah dan sektor swasta. Dengan pengintegrasian antara seni dan bahasa, sektor pariwisata diharapkan akan meningkat yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya angka kunjungan wisata ke Aceh.
Strategi Alternatif Pemecahan Konflik Melalui Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal dalam Tradisi Lisan:
Authors: Nitayadnya I Wayan
Published: July 2018

Adanya pergeseran tata nilai tradisi dan lunturnya kesadaran budaya masyarakat yang ada di daerah Poso dan Palu merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya konflik di daerah tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, salah satu langkah yang penting dilakukan adalah kembali menggali nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat dalam sastra daerah tersebut karena nilai-nilai tradisi dan budaya yang adi luhung pada umumnya tercermin dalam sastra. Hasil penggalian itu perlu diperkenalkan tidak hanya kepada masyarakat pendukung sastra itu, tetapi juga kepada masyarakat luas. Hal ini dilakukan agar masyarakat luas dapat memahami kearifan lokal daerah tersebut. Sehubungan dengan itu, ada beberapa strategi alternatif yang perlu dilakukan dalam upaya meminimalisasi terjadinya konflik di daerah tersebut, yaitu melakukan pembinaan melalui pendidikan yang berbasiskan lingkungan; mengoptimalisasikan peran media massa dalam mensosialisasikan nilai kearifan lokal; meningkatkan peran komunitas seni untuk menggarap kekayaan budaya lokal; meningkatkan peran tokoh budaya setempat; dan meningkatkan peran instansi pemerintah dalam mengimplementasikan kearifan budaya setempat.
Bahasa Remaja Ragam Jurnalistik:
Authors: Parwati Sang Ayu Putu Eny
Published: July 2018

Ragam bahasa remaja (BR) bersifat colloquial dan dapat diungkapkan dalam bentuk tulisan. Ragam tersebut termasuk pula dalam kelompok ragam sosial yang dapat diungkapkan dalam media massa dan disebut sebagai bahasa ragam jurnalistik. Walaupun diungkapkan dalam bahasa tulis, bentuk BR ragam jurnalistik ini merupakanbentuk lisan yang ditulis. Hal ini dapat diamati dalam setiap susunan kata yang membentuk kalimat dalam RRYS Radar Bali, Jawa Pos. Tulisan ini bertujuan menemukan profil BR ragam jurnalistik dalam hal penerapan ejaan dan mendeskripsikan pilihan katanya dengan cara melakukan pengamatan dan menerapkan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Ada beberapa temuan ketidakpatuhan terhadap penerapan kaidah-kaidah ejaan bahasaIndonesia, antara lain (1) penulisan kata, (2) pemakaian tanda baca, (3) dan pilihan kata. Dalam hal pilihankata, BR ragam jurnalistik ini banyak menggunakan verba tak berimbuhan, kata-kata yang mubazir, kata-kata selain bahasa Indonesia, singkatan dan akronim, dan kata ulang. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan jurnalis terhadap bahasa Indonesia yang baik dan benar serta kurang konsistennya jurnalis dalam mengungkapkan sesuatu dalam bentuk tulisan pada media formal. Dalam rangka mewujudkan sifat-sifat khas bahasa jurnalistik yang singkat, padat, sederhana, lugas, menarik, lancar dan jelas maka kedua aspek kebahasaan yang diteliti dalam RRYS Radar Bali, Jawa Pos harus dibenahi. Untuk itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bermanfaat dalam kepentingan pembinaan dan pengembangan bahasa Indonesia, khususnya bagi jurnalis pemula.
Tokoh Cerita dalam Antologi "Tangan-Tangan Mungil Melukis Langit"
Authors: Widiastuti Rini
Published: July 2018

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tokoh yang ada dalam Antologi Tangan-Tangan Mungil Melukis Langit dilihat dari tahap perkembangan psikologi anak. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada tujuh tokoh cerita dalam antologi Tangan-Tangan Mungil Melukis Langit, yaitu tokoh Faiz yang penakut berhasil mengubah rasa takutnya, Caca yang penyayang, mencari cara untuk menyenangkan adiknya, Cici dan Lili kelinci pemberani yang berani menerobos kerajaan kucing, Rafifah yang dermawan bangga menginfakkan uangnya dari hasil jerih payahnya. Tokoh Dirti yang manja, tidak mandiri, suka ngambek, sok merintah, dan menjengkelkan dan Aidan yang penolong dan pembela yang lemah dapat kekuatan karena terkena paparan cahaya biru.
Resistansi dan Model Resistansi dalam Novel Perempuan Berkalung Sorban Karya Abidah El Khalieqy
Authors: Wildan Wildan
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan rekonstruksi estetis diskriminasi gender dalam lingkunganpesantren dan model kesetaraan gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan kritik sastra feminis sebagai media pendekatan untuk mengungkapkan resistansi dan model resistansi. Kritik sastra feminis dianggap sebagai kehidupan baru dalam kritik berdasarkan perasaan, pikiran, dan tanggapan dari para perempuan berdasarkan penglihatan terhadap peran dan kedudukannya dalam dunia sastra. Melalui teori kritik sastra feminis dapat disimpulkan bahwa resistansi dan model resistansi dalam novel Perempuan Berkalung Sorban (PBS) merupakan peristiwa diskriminasi gender yang telah terjadi secara terstruktur dan masif yang dibangun dari unsur dalam dan luar karya sastra, yaitu pemanfaatan usia, latar dalam lingkungan rumah, sekolah, dan perkawinan. Sementara itu, agama Islam telah dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat berlindung bagi kemapanan budaya mengpatriarkal dalam berbagai ranah kehidupan. Model kesetaraan gender akhirnya ditunjukkan melalui perkawinan kedua Nisa dengan Lek Khudori. Perkawinan Nisa ketika dewasa tersebut adalah perkawinan yang menjadi model kesetaraan gender yang diidealkan atau yang dicita-citakan yang menjadi bentuk resistansi terhadap perkawinannya yang pertama dengan Syamsuddin.
Morfologi Cerita Rakyat Sobey Kororsri (Penerapan Teori Naratologi Vladimir Propp)
Authors: Ria Lestari Ummu Fatimah
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini mengkaji morfologi cerita rakyat Sobey Kororsri berdasarkan teori Struktur Propp. Masalah yang akan dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana morfologi cerita rakyat Sobey Kororsri dalam teori Struktur Propp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan datanya melalui studi pustaka (dokumentasi). dalam pelaksanaannya, penelitian ini menganalisis morfologi cerita rakyat Sobey Kororsri berdasarkan teori dan metode penelitian Struktur Fungsi Propp. Hasil analisis penelitian ini adalah ditemukan 21 (dua puluh satu) fungsi naratif, 3 (tiga) pola cerita, dan 6 (enam) lingkaran tindakan dalam cerita rakyat.
Karakter Bangsa yang Tercermin dalam Pappaseng Tomatoa
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa
Published: July 2018

Pappaseng Tomata adalah salah satu alat perekat hubungan antarindividu dan sumber hukum dan peraturan yang mampu mengetuk hati, pikiran dan memerintahkan orang supaya berlaku jujur, berprilaku sopan santun, tahu adat istiadat, dan tata krama dalam hidup bermasyarakat. Artikel ini diharapkan dapat menggugah hati pemerhati sastra khususnya sastra klasik untuk turut serta dalam rangka penyelamatan, pembinaan, dan pengembangan unsur budaya daerah secara langsung dan tidak langsung, dan sejauh mana peranan pappaseng tomatoa dalam kehidupan kita masa kini. Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkapkan beberapa karakter bangsa yang terkandung dalam Pappaseng Tomatoa (petuah-petuah leluhur). Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada dua, yaitu teori struktutralisme dan sosiologis. Sementara itu, pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil pengumpulan data, dapat terbahas beberapa karakter bangsa dalam Pappaseng Tomatoa, yaitu (1) etos kerja, (2) teguh pada pendirian, (3) taat beragama, (4) disiplin, dan (5) bijaksana.
Fonem Segmental Bahasa Kadai
Authors: Febriningsih Fida
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini merupakan kajian terhadap fonem segmental bahasa Kadai (BK). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa fonem segmental BK terdiri atas vokal: [a], [i], [u] ,[e], dan [o]; konsonan: [b], [c], [d], [f], [g], [h], [j], [k], [l], [m], [n], [p], [r], [s], [t], [w], dan [y]; dua macam diftong: diftong naik ([ai], [au], [oi], [ou], [ae], [ao], [eu], dan [ei]) dan diftong turun ([uo], [ua], [ue], [ia], [io], [ie], [ea], [oa]); dan ditemukan pula empat jenis struktur kosakata (bersuku dua, bersuku tiga, bersuku empat, dan bersuku lima).
Kajian Nilai-Nilai Dasar Kehidupan pada Sastra Lisan Ternate
Authors: Gay Masayu
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan nilai- nilai dasar kehidupan di sastra lisan Ternate (dola bololo, drum proposisi, dan moro proposisi). Teori yang digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk menemukan nilai-nilai yang struktural dan hermeneutika. kedua teori ini digunakan untuk memahami nilai-nilai yang optimal dalam sastra lisan. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sastra lisan Ternate, dola bololo: mengandung nilai-nilai dasar kehidupan: (1) kerendahan hati, terutama dalam bahasa; (2) larangan menyakiti orang lain; (3) orang dan kehidupan dunianya (4) perbedaan (pluralisme). Dalil tifa: tentang pentingnya pengetahuan (islam); dan dalil moro: tentang kebersamaan dan kasih sayang, serta manusia dan kematiannya
Revitalisasi Sastra Bonai
Authors: Wahyuni Dessy
Published: July 2018

Mitos globalisasi yang muncul selama ini merupakan proses globalisasi yang akan membuat dunia seragam (homogen). Globalisasi dicurigai tidak hanya membentuk cara pandang masyarakat terhadap dunia berubah, tetapi juga menghapus secara perlahan identitas dan jati diri bangsa. Selain itu, globalisasi telah pula melahirkan kesadaran baru akan terpinggirkannya nilai-nilai lokal oleh pencitraan yang dilakukan secara masif oleh negara maju. Lalu, akankan kearifan lokal mampu menjadi penapis efek negatif globalisasi? Suku Bonai, salah satu komunitas adat terpencil di Riau,merupakan komunitas yang sudah mulai terkikis oleh arus globalisasi. Meskipun sebagian besar masyarakatnya masih mempertahankan pola pikir dan gaya hidup tradisional, kaum muda suku itu sudah mulai meninggalkan kebudayaan asli mereka. Atas dasar itu, perlu dipikirkan upaya penanggulangan agar komunitas tersebut tidak lenyap ditelan masa. Satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah revitalisasi sastranya. Pekerjaan utama yang dilakukan adalah menginventarisasi sastra Bonai. Hasilnya, suku Bonai memiliki banyak folklor: folklor lisan, setengah lisan, dan bukan lisan.Setelah dikaji menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis, tradisi suku Bonai memperlihatkan pesona budaya dan identitas lokal yang khas sehingga dapat disumbangkan untuk penguatan materi ajar sebagai kearifan lokal (Melayu). dari perspektif kebudayaan, dapat diketahui pula bahwa kearifan lokal mampu menapis efek negatif globalisasi sehingga jati diri suku Bonai tetap terjaga.
Citraan Puisi Anak Majalah Bobo Edisi 40—45 Tahun 2016
Authors: Hayatunnufus Fadhilatun
Published: July 2018

Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Citraan Puisi Anak dalam Majalah Bobo”. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah citraan apa saja yang terdapat dalam puisi anak yang dipublikasikan dalam majalah Bobo. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan citraan apa saja yang terdapat dalam puisi anak dalam majalah Bobo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik studi pustaka. Pengolahan data penelitian dengan metode deskriptif analitik yang dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan fakta-fakta dan menganalisisnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa citraan yang terdapat dalam puisi anak pada majalah Bobo adalah citraan penglihatan, gerak, penciuman, pencecapan, dan perabaan. Citraan yang paling dominan digunakan oleh anak dalam membuat puisi pada majalah Bobo adalah citraan penglihatan.
Kritik Sosial dalam Novel Maafkan Aku, Kuala Mesuji Karya Fajar: Tinjauan Sosiologi Sastra
Authors: Wibowo Erwin
Published: July 2018

Penelitian terhadap novel Maafkan Aku, Kuala Mesuji ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap kritik sosial yang terkandung dalam novel Maafkan Aku, Kuala Mesuji karya Fajar melalui pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknis analisis isi yaitu mengungkap dan kemudian mendeskripsikan unsur ekstrinsiknya, apa dan bagaimana kritik sosial yang dikandung dalam novel tersebut. Fokus penelitian ini adalah kritik sosial yang terkandung dalam novel Maafkan Aku, Kuala Mesuji karya Fajar yang meliputi: pertama, kritik sosial terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Kuala Mesuji. Kedua, kritik sosial terhadap pendidikan yang ada di Kuala Mesuji. Tehnik analisis yang dilakukan peneliti yaitu membaca dan memahami isi novel, menganalisis kritik sosial, kemudian menginterpretasikan data sesuai dengan indikator fokus penelitian dan fakta (peristiwa) yang melatarbelakangi kritik sosial yang ditemukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam novel Maafkan Aku, Kuala Mesuji karya Fajar, memang mengandung kritik sosial yang dimunculkan dari percakapan para tokoh dan juga melalui narasinya.
On an estimate of turbulent transport in a magnetized plasma (on the 90th anniversary of the birth of B B Kadomtsev)
Authors: Nedospasov A V
Published: July 2018

In 1964, B B Kadomtsev proposed that the results of a linear plasma instability analysis alone can be used to estimate the coefficients of turbulent transport across the magnetic field in a plasma. In this paper, we discuss examples of experimental support for this proposal that concern, specifically, the properties of a turbulent positive discharge column in a strong magnetic field, the ionization turbulence of a weakly ionized plasma in crossed electric and magnetic fields, and turbulence in a tokamak wall plasma.
Carbon Footprint Constrained Profit Maximization of Table Grapes Cold Chain
Authors: Xiao Xinqing , Zhu Zhiqiang , Fu Zetian , Mu Weisong , Zhang Xiaoshuan
Published: July 2018

Low-carbon production is one of the dominating issues in the sustainable development of the food industry with high energy consumption, especially in the table grapes cold chain. The aim of this paper is to propose a profit maximization strategy of table grapes cold chain by integrating the carbon footprint to improve the low-carbon production and sustainability of the cold chain system. The carbon footprint was evaluated by life cycle assessment (LCA) in entire cold chain system of table grapes, and the economic order quantity (EOQ) model was used to develop the profit maximization model with minimal carbon footprint and to maintain the optimal balance between stock and cost. The profit optimization performance, the sensitivity performance and the influencing factors of the decay rate, the carbon emission price, and the distance and carbon emission coefficient in refrigerated transport were analyzed according to the profit maximization model and the inventory data in actual cold chain investigated. The sensitivity performance analysis illustrated that the selling price had the highest sensitivity, and the carbon emission coefficient in storage had the lowest sensitivity. The comprehensive analysis results indicated that there is an optimal combination point between the economy and environment in actual cold chain, which not only reduced the carbon emission, but also had minimal impact on the profit in cold chain. The enterprises should integrate the carbon footprint cost into the profit maximization once the carbon emission tax is levied. The proposed strategy of the profit maximization with carbon footprint constraint is also suitable for improving profit maximization of other low-carbon supply chain applications.
Combined Economic and Mechanical Performance Optimization of Recycled Aggregate Concrete with High Volume of Fly Ash
Authors: Kurda Rawaz , De Brito Jorge , Silvestre José D.
Published: July 2018

This study intends to evaluate high and low-strength concrete mixes made with high volume of fly ash (FA) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) from both a mechanical and economic point of view. For this purpose, the mechanical characteristics of concrete, namely compressive strength (fcm), splitting tensile strength (fctm), and modulus of elasticity (Ecm) were correlated with the cost of 1 m3 of concrete mixes, taking into account the most common scenarios (e.g., cost of the raw materials, transportation between supplier and concrete plant, and mixing procedure) in the centre of Portugal. The results show that the incorporation of FA and RCA are detrimental to the mechanical properties of concrete. Ecm is predominantly influenced by RCA, and “fcm” and “fctm” are mainly controlled by FA incorporation. However, after a given age, the rate of the strength development (fcm, fctm and Ecm) of RCA concrete containing FA significantly accelerates over time relative to the reference concrete (without FA and RCA) and to the mixes made with either RCA or FA. Furthermore, the cost of concrete does not significantly change by incorporating RCA. The use of superplasticizer (SP) significantly increases the cost of concrete. However, the higher cost of concrete due to the use of SP can be offset by replacing cement with FA. Regarding the optimization process, concrete mixes with the lowest cost may not necessarily be the optimum choice regarding cost efficiency. In fact, the mechanical properties of concrete also need to be considered to aid the decision on the optimal concrete mix. Finally, the results show that the optimum mixes in terms of cost and mechanical characteristics are mostly the ones made with simultaneous incorporation of RCA, FA, and SP, rather than with their individual incorporation.
Micelles Structure Development as a Strategy to Improve Smart Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hanafy Nemany , El-Kemary Maged , Leporatti Stefano
Published: July 2018

Micelles as colloidal suspension have attracted considerable attention due to their potential use for both cancer diagnosis and therapy. These structures have proven their ability to deliver poorly water-soluble anticancer drugs, improve drug stability, and have good penetration and site-specificity, leading to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Micelles are composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components assembled into nanosized spherical, ellipsoid, cylindrical, or unilamellar structures. For their simple formation, they are widely studied, either by using opposite polymers attachment consisting of two or more block copolymers, or by using fatty acid molecules that can modify themselves in a rounded shape. Recently, hybrid and responsive stimuli nanomicelles are formed either by integration with metal nanoparticles such as silver, gold, iron oxide nanoparticles inside micelles or by a combination of lipids and polymers into single composite. Herein, through this special issue, an updated overview of micelles development and their application for cancer therapy will be discussed.
Development of Digital Competence in Secondary Education Teachers’ Training
Authors: Napal Fraile María , Peñalva-Vélez Alicia , Mendióroz Lacambra Ana María
Published: July 2018

Digital competence is one of the eight key competences for life-long learning developed by the European Commission, and is a requisite for personal fulfilment and development, active citizenship, social inclusion, and employment in a knowledge society. To accompany young learners in the development of competence, and to guarantee optimal implementation of information and communication technologies (ICTs), it is necessary that teachers are, in turn, literate. We had 43 secondary school teachers in initial training to assess their own level of competence in 21 sub-competences in five areas identified by the DIGCOMP project, using the rubrics provided in the Common Digital Competence Framework for Teachers (Spanish Ministry of Education). Overall, pre-service teachers’ conceptions about their level of digital competence was low (Initial). Students scored highest in information, which refers mostly to the operations they performed while being students. Secondly, in safety and communication, excluding protection of digital data and preservation of digital identity. Lowest values were achieved in content creation and problem solving, the dimensions most closely related with the inclusion of ICTs to transform teaching-learning processes. The knowledge or skills they exhibit are largely self-taught and, so, we perceive an urgent need to purposefully incorporate relational and didactic aspects of ICT integration.
Rationale and Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Fast versus Slow Weight Loss in Postmenopausal Women with Obesity—The TEMPO Diet Trial
Authors: Seimon Radhika V. , Gibson Alice A. , Harper Claudia , Keating Shelley E. , Johnson Nathan A. , Da Luz Felipe Q. , Fernando Hamish A. , Skilton Michael R. , Markovic Tania P. , Caterson Ian D. , Hay Phillipa , Byrne Nuala M. , Sainsbury Amanda
Published: July 2018

Very low energy diets (VLEDs), commonly achieved by replacing all food with meal replacement products and which result in fast weight loss, are the most effective dietary obesity treatment available. VLEDs are also cheaper to administer than conventional, food-based diets, which result in slow weight loss. Despite being effective and affordable, these diets are underutilized by healthcare professionals, possibly due to concerns about potential adverse effects on body composition and eating disorder behaviors. This paper describes the rationale and detailed protocol for the TEMPO Diet Trial (Type of Energy Manipulation for Promoting optimal metabolic health and body composition in Obesity), in a randomized controlled trial comparing the long-term (3-year) effects of fast versus slow weight loss. One hundred and one post-menopausal women aged 45–65 years with a body mass index of 30–40 kg/m2 were randomized to either: (1) 16 weeks of fast weight loss, achieved by a total meal replacement diet, followed by slow weight loss (as for the SLOW intervention) for the remaining time up until 52 weeks (“FAST” intervention), or (2) 52 weeks of slow weight loss, achieved by a conventional, food-based diet (“SLOW” intervention). Parameters of body composition, cardiometabolic health, eating disorder behaviors and psychology, and adaptive responses to energy restriction were measured throughout the 3-year trial.
What Contribution Did Economic Evidence Make to the Adoption of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening Policies in the United States?
Authors: Grosse Scott D. , Mason Craig A. , Gaffney Marcus , Thomson Vickie , White Karl R.
Published: July 2018

Universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS), when accompanied by timely access to intervention services, can improve language outcomes for children born deaf or hard of hearing (D/HH) and result in economic benefits to society. Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) programs promote UNHS and using information systems support access to follow-up diagnostic and early intervention services so that infants can be screened no later than 1 month of age, with those who do not pass their screen receiving diagnostic evaluation no later than 3 months of age, and those with diagnosed hearing loss receiving intervention services no later than 6 months of age. In this paper, we first document the rapid roll-out of UNHS/EHDI policies and programs at the national and state/territorial levels in the United States between 1997 and 2005. We then review cost analyses and economic arguments that were made in advancing those policies in the United States. Finally, we examine evidence on language and educational outcomes that pertain to the economic benefits of UNHS/EHDI. In conclusion, although formal cost-effectiveness analyses do not appear to have played a decisive role, informal economic assessments of costs and benefits appear to have contributed to the adoption of UNHS policies in the United States.
Molecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Geographic Origin of Clinical Strains of Sporothrix schenckii Complex in Mexico
Authors: Rojas Olga C. , Bonifaz Alexandro , Campos Christian , Treviño-Rangel Rogelio de J. , González-Álvarez Rafael , González Gloria M.
Published: July 2018

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis caused by Sporothrix schenckii complex. The disease has been reported worldwide. However, the incidence of the etiological agent varies in its geographic distribution. We studied 39 clinical isolates of Sporothrix schenckii from diverse regions in Mexico, collected from 1998 to 2016. Molecular identification was performed by sequence analysis of the partial calmodulin gene. In vitro antifungal susceptibility to amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (PSC), fluconazole (FLC), terbinafine (TRB), caspofungin (CSF), anidulafungin (ANF), and micafungin (MCF) was evaluated. Thirty-eight isolates of S. schenckii complex were divided into five supported clades in a phylogenetic tree. The predominant clinical form was lymphocutaneous (92.3%), fixed cutaneous (5.1%), and disseminated (2.5%). Terbinafine exhibited the best in vitro antifungal activity, while fluconazole was ineffective against Sporothrix schenckii complex. Our results showed diverse geographic distribution of clinical isolates in eight states; definitive identification was done by CAL gen PCR-sequencing. In Mexico, S. schenckii is considered to be an etiological agent of human sporotrichosis cases, and lymphocutaneous is the most prevalent form of the disease. This study revealed four clades of S. schenckiisensu stricto by phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, we report one case of S. globosa isolated from human origin from the North of Mexico.
The Relative Concentration of Interaction—A Proposal for an Integrated Understanding of Centrality and Central Places
Authors: Knitter Daniel , Nakoinz Oliver
Published: July 2018

The importance of a place can be assessed via an analysis of its centrality. However, although central place research has a long history, there is no generally accepted theoretical base, leading to continuous debates about the core elements of centrality and those features that ultimately constitute the centrality of a place. We propose a generalized definition that understands centrality as the relative concentration of interaction. Using this definition, we are able to integrate various social, cultural, and natural aspects in the analysis of a central place and its landscape setting. We present a semi-quantitative method to assess the actual and potential centrality and that enables us (a) to draw conclusions about the type and characteristics of central places, (b) to investigate their development throughout time, and (c) to compare them to each other. We sketch the application of the method using two exemplary sites: the Iron Age site Heuneburg and the Roman palace Felix Romuliana