bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Framing and metaphor in the discourse of Sumatran orangutans’ conservation: Ecolinguistics study
Authors: Wardana Muhammad Kiki , Geubrina Misla
Published: April 2024

This study attempts to reveal how language is being used in the conservation of orangutan in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The researchers focus on investigating the framing and metaphor as the reflection of how language is being used to represent the ideology of the policy makers, conservationist, local communities in communicating the urgency of protecting orangutan. The problem is vivid since there is no attempt before by linguists to discover the role of language in the conservation of orangutan. Hence, the status quo remains unanswered. This research fills the gap of the missing links of the unknown about the language used in orangutan’ conservation. This research applied qualitative research in which the data gathered in the form of discourses from various sources like infographic, reports and interview. At the same time, this study embraced Stibbe’s approach in ecolinguistics. Some results are quite alarming because the type of the framing about orangutan is negative such as Human-wildlife conflict frame or destructive metaphor such as ‘orangutan is the pest’ and ‘the kidnapper’. There are also ambivalent framing and metaphor which put endangered animal in a vague situation.
Science Process Skills in Education: Bibliometric Analysis and Review
Authors: Elliyani Anis , Suryanti Suryanti , Supardi Zainul Arifin Imam , Prahani Binar Kurnia , Muhimmah Hitta Alfi
Published: April 2024

This research aims to view and review published research on Science Process Skills (SPS) in 2020–2023 using VOSViewer. Article data from Google Scholar database journals collected using Publish or Perish. In 2020-2021 the number of articles published experienced a significant increase, but starting from 2022-2023 it experienced a drastic decline. Topics such as science process skills, students, development, effects, models, analysis, and learning have often been discussed by researchers. In contrast to keywords such as correlation, STEM, self efficacy, case, comparison, improvement, argumentation, and POGIL, these are research topics that are rarely researched and too broad to be studied in more depth. The results of the review of the top 10 articles cited tend to examine strategies for mastering science process skills which include experimentation, minds-on, inquiry approaches, discovery learning, strategic manipulation, debate skills, ICT, STEM, student-centered teaching, use of a variety of learning tools, hands-on exercises, group activities, PhET, mobile scientific investigations, guided inquiry, PBL, PjBL, learning cycles, use of learning media, modules and worksheets. The novelty of this research is a bibliometric analysis and review of the latest research in the field of SPS. The implication of this research is contributes and support Kurikulum Merdeka’s science learning outcomes. Future researchers can use these insights to improve science education, helps focus on their studies, and pinpoint SPS research trends.
Cluster Analysis and Network Visualization of Biology Education Research in Indonesia: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Kusmahardhika Noviansyah , Mahanal Susriyati , Balqis Balqis , Faridha Haidir Algi Gaffar
Published: April 2024

This study aims to explore the development of BER in Indonesia from 2014-2023 on the Scopus database. Current studies illustrate that the number of publications on biology education has increased in recent years. This trend is likely to continue, as evidenced by the increasing number of publications. A total of 253 papers from the Scopus database were analyzed using VOSviewer software. These findings reveal that BER in Indonesia has grown rapidly in recent years. Zubaidah is the most prolific author, and Universitas Negeri Malang is a leading institution in the progress of BER. The most studied research topics in the last three years are education computing, learning systems, learning processes, and e-learning. The learning topics are plants (botany), animals, biotechnology, and genetics. We also highlight that many topics still get less attention, such as technology-based learning in biochemistry, algae, and protists. We hope this study can illustrate the current status of BER, so that it can help to map the direction of future research in Indonesia.
Introducing the Radiology Rotation-Model-22 in Clerkships: The RRM-Pocket Card for Medical Students – Part 1
Authors: Petsch Ilona , Buerke Boris
Published: April 2024

Practical training in radiology clerkships takes place alongside radiologists’ daily patient care with an increasingly high workload. Medical students need to learn about different imaging exams in radiology rooms. Thus, practical training needs to encourage a self-active student approach. Giving insights into imaging, radiology departments are predestined for student rotation (SR) settings. The Radiology Rotation-Model-22 (RRM), introduced in part one of this study, was designed both as a tool and pocket card with department sections (10) for students in clerkships. Students can log data on tasks performed with the RRM-tool in a standardised documentation structure. They can self-observe and track individual SR by the method of participant observation (PO). The RRM-pocket card provides an overview of SR in radiology by PO across hospitals and medical offices. The RRM-model is department-related, and can optimise clerkship structure in busy clinical routine, and generate self-active training for medical students.
The Effectiveness of Using an H5P Pathway to Enhance College Students' Academic Style in Writing
Authors: Yao Xue , Shao Ying , Luo Rong
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of using an H5P pathway to enhance college students' academic style in writing. The study was conducted at XJTLU, a Sino-foreign university, where the language barriers of first-year students posed difficulties in their transition from informal language to the formal tone required in academic writing. Through a careful experimental design, participants were assigned to either an experimental or a control group, with the former engaging in a structured H5P pathway including five specific academic writing style rules based on learner needs analysis. The five rules are in aspects of word choice, sentence structure, transition, hedging and redundancy. The latter received lesson PPTs with the same content. This paper discusses the results of the study, which show that the application of the H5P pathway effectively assisted Year 1 students at XJTLU in narrowing the gap between the two writing styles. Preliminary analysis indicates a significant improvement in the experimental group's academic writing style specifically in aspects of using formal words and complex sentence structure. By comparison, other than word choice, there is no significant improvement in the control group. The findings of this study highlight the potential of H5P pathways as an effective tool for enhancing college students' academic writing style. Through interactive and tailored activities, students’ challenges at academic writing conventions could be addressed. This research provides implications for innovative pedagogical strategies that can promote students' academic development.
Atherogenic lipoprotein profile in families with and without history of early myocardial infarction
Authors: Dobiášová M , Rašlová K , Rauchová H , Vohnout B , Ptáčková K , Frohlich J
Published: April 2024

In this study we compared several parameters characterizing differences in the lipoprotein profile between members of families with a positive or negative family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). In addition to regular parameters such as the body mass index (BMI), total plasma cholesterol (TC), low density (LDL-C) and high density (HDL-C) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) we estimated the fractional esterification rate of cholesterol in apoB lipoprotein-depleted plasma (FERHDL) which reflects HDL and LDL particle size distribution. A prevalence of smaller particles for the atherogenic profile of plasma lipoproteins is typical. Log (TG/HDL-C) as a newly established atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated and correlated with other parameters. The cohort in the study consisted of 29 young (< 54 years old) male survivors of myocardial infarction (MI), their spouses and at least one offspring (MI group; n=116). The control group consisted of 29 apparently healthy men with no family history of premature CAD in three generations, their spouses and at least one offspring (control group; n=124). MI families had significantly higher BMI than the controls, with the exception of spouses. Plasma TC did not significantly differ between MI and the controls. MI spouses had significantly higher TG. Higher LDL-C had MI survivors only, while lower HDL-C had both MI survivors and their spouses compared to the controls. FERHDL was significantly higher in all the MI subgroups (probands 25.85±1.22, spouses 21.55±2.05, their daughters 16.93±1.18 and sons 19.05±1.33 %/h) compared to their respective controls (men 20.80±1.52, spouses 14.70±0.98, daughters 13.23±0.74, sons 15.7±0.76 %/h, p<0.01 to p<0.05). Log (TG/HDL-C) ranged from negative values in control subjects to positive values in MI probands. High correlation between FERHDL and Log (TG/HDL-C) (r = 0.80, p<0.0001) confirmed close interactions among TG, HDL-C and cholesterol esterification rate. The finding of significantly higher values of FERHDL and Log (TG/HDL-C) indicate higher incidence of atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype in members of MI families. The possibility that, in addition to genetic factors, a shared environment likely contributes to the familial aggregation of CAD risk factors is supported by a significant correlation of the FERHDL values within spousal pairs (control pairs: r = 0.51 p<0.01, MI pairs: r = 0.41 p<0.05).
İş Hukuku Boyutuyla Tarımda İş ve İşçi Bulma Aracılığı
Authors: Temir Münevver
Published: April 2024

Tarım aracısı, tarımda iş ve işçi bulma aracılığı faaliyetini yürütmek üzere Türkiye İş Kurumu tarafından izin verilen gerçek veya tüzel kişidir. Tarımda İş Aracılığı Yönetmeliği ile tarım aracılarına; işverenle sözleşme yapmak, işçilere iş, ücret ve ilgili konularda bilgi vermek, ücretlerin zamanında ödenmesini ve asgari ücretin altında olmamasını sağlamak, ulaşımın güvenli seyri için önlem alınmasını takip etmek, işçilerin konaklama yerlerinin sağlığa uygun olmasını temin etmek gibi birtakım görevler yüklenmiştir. Anılan yükümlülüklerden bazılarının gerçekçi ve makul nitelikte olmadığı söylenebilir. Ayrıca aracıların önemli bir bölümünün yasal koşulları sağlamaksızın kayıt dışı faaliyet yürüttüğü bilinmektedir. Bu yönüyle, tarımda iş ve işçi bulma aracılığı faaliyeti hukuken istenilen düzeyde değildir. Tarım aracılığında işçi, işveren ve aracı ilişkilerinin henüz hiçbir yönden esaslı bir şekilde düzenlenmemiş olması, yapılan bazı düzenlemelerin ise denetiminin olmaması, mevsimlik tarım işçileri için emniyetsiz bir çalışma hayatına sebebiyet vermektedir. Bu çalışma, tarımda iş ve işçi bulma aracılığının mevcut durumunu, yasal çerçevesini ve aracı yükümlülüklerinin mevsimlik tarım işçilerinin çalışma koşullarına etkisini iş hukuku boyutuyla açıklığa kavuşturmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Uygulamada Yazılı Tahliye Taahhüdünden Kaynaklanan Sorunlar ve Bunlara İlişkin Çözüm Önerileri
Authors: Özdemir Furkan , Çelik Yiğit
Published: April 2024

Kanun koyucu, konut ve çatılı işyerlerine dair kira ilişkilerinin sosyal boyutunu da göz önünde tutarak tahliye sebeplerini hem mülga kanunda hem de Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nda sınırlı sayıda düzenlemiştir. Bu sebeplerden birisi de yazılı tahliye taahhüdüdür. Tahliye taahhüdü, konut ve çatılı işyeri kiralarında Kanun’un kiracılara sağladığı korumayı aşmanın en kolay yoludur. Kanun koyucu bunu engellemek için birtakım şartlar öngörmüştür. Buna göre, tahliye taahhüdü adi yazılı bir şekilde yapılmalı, boşaltma tarihini içermeli, kiralananın tesliminden sonra bizzat kiracı tarafından verilmeli, kiracı evliyse kira sözleşmesine taraf olmayan eşin verilecek bu taahhütte rızası bulunmalı ve boşaltma tarihinden itibaren bir aylık süre içerisinde dava veya takip yoluyla tahliye talep edilmelidir. Ancak uygulamada, kanunun amacına aykırı bir şekilde, özellikle boş veya ileri tarihli tahliye taahhütleri alınarak kiracıya sağlanan korumanın aşıldığı sıklıkla görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda öncelikle yazılı tahliye taahhüdünün hukuki niteliği ve şartları incelenmiş, ardından uygulamada tahliye taahhüdüne ilişkin yaşanan bazı sorunlar ele alınmış ve bu sorunlara dair çözüm önerileri üzerinde durulmuştur.
Bölge Adliye Mahkemesinin İhtiyati Tedbir Kararı Vermesine İlişkin Esaslar
Authors: Kaynak Seda
Published: April 2024

Bölge adliye mahkemelerinin ilk akla gelen işlevi, ilk derece mahkemesi kararlarının maddi ve hukuki denetimini yapmasıdır. Bölge adliye mahkemesinin maddi denetim yapması, yani aynı zamanda bir vakıa mahkemesi olması ihtiyati tedbir talebinin bölge adliye mahkemesine yöneltilip yöneltilemeyeceği sorusunu akla getirmektedir. İşte bu çalışmada istinaf yargılaması ile ihtiyati tedbir arasındaki ilişki incelenecektir. Bu kapsamda, ilk olarak, ihtiyati tedbir ve istinaf yargılamasının gösterdiği özellikler dikkate alınarak bölge adliye mahkemesinden ihtiyati tedbir talep edilip edilemeyeceği sorusuna yanıt aranacaktır. Ancak kuşkusuz bu soruya yanıt vermek yeterli değildir. Zira bölge adliye mahkemesinin ihtiyati tedbir talebi hakkında karar verebileceği kabul edildiği takdirde, istinaf yargılamasının nasıl yürütüleceği, verilen karara karşı konulup konulamayacağı gibi pek çok yeni soru da ortaya çıkmaktadır. Keza bölge adliye mahkemesinin ihtiyati tedbir hakkında verdiği karara karşı kanun yoluna başvurulup başvurulamayacağı ve haksız ihtiyati tedbirden kaynaklanan tazminat davasının açılacağı merci de incelenmesi gereken başkaca konulardır. Çalışmada doktrin ve yargı uygulaması dikkate alınarak bu konular değerlendirilecektir.
Tüketici Sözleşmelerinde Usule İlişkin Haksız Şartlar
Authors: Özsöker Gökberk
Published: April 2024

Makalede, öncelikle medeni usul hukukunda irade özerkliği ve usul sözleşmesi kavramları incelenmektedir. Bu sözleşmelerdeki genel işlem koşulları, dürüstlük kuralına aykırılıkları itibariyle sözleşmede kullananın karşı tarafına makul derecenin üzerinde dezavantaj oluşturabilirler. Tüketici sözleşmelerinde, genel işlem koşullarının hukuki soruna yol açacak biçimde kullanılmasının doğuracağı sonuç açıklığa kavuşturulmalıdır. Böyle bir durumda, genel işlem koşulları, sözleşmenin içeriğine etki etmezler. İkinci olarak makalede, 5 Nisan 1993 tarihli ve 93/13/AET sayılı Tüketici Sözleşmelerindeki Haksız Şartlar Hakkında Konsey Direktifi çerçevesinde haksız şart kavramına değinilmektedir. Genel işlem koşullarında adil olmayan niteliği değerlendirmek için, hukuki ölçütlerin genel olarak düzenlenmesi gerekmektedir. Tüketici Sözleşmelerindeki Haksız Şartlar Hakkında Direktif, bir asgari uyumlaştırma şartıdır. Direktif, sözleşmelerin usul yönünden de denetimini içerir. Son olarak konu Tüketici Sözleşmelerindeki Haksız Şartlar Hakkında Yönetmelik Eki’nde, haksız şartlara örnek olarak yer alan tahkim sözleşmesi, mevcut delilin tüketici tarafından gösterilmesinin ölçüsüz derecede sınırlandırılması sonucunu doğuran delil sözleşmesi ve ispat yükü sözleşmesi ile ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca yetki sözleşmesi de gözden geçirilecektir.
1257/2013 Sayılı Avrupa Birliği Tüzüğü'nün ve Yürürlüğü ile Birlikte 2009 Tarihli Hong Kong Sözleşmesinin Türk Hukukuna Etkileri
Authors: Kara Balcı Özgenur , Varan Samut İzel
Published: April 2024

Türkiye, 2009 tarihli Gemilerin Emniyetli ve Çevreye Duyarlı Geri Dönüşümü Hakkında Hong Kong Uluslararası Sözleşmesi (Hong Kong Sözleşmesi)’ni 2017 yılında onaylamıştır. Hong Kong Sözleşmesi’nin 17. maddesinde belirlenen yürürlük şartları Haziran 2023’te Bangladeş ve Liberya’nın da taraf olmasıyla tamamlanmış olup, Sözleşmenin 26 Haziran 2025 tarihi itibarıyla yürürlüğe girmesi beklenmektedir. Türkiye, dünya gemi geri dönüşümü sektörü içerisinde önemli yere sahip olduğundan, Hong Kong Sözleşmesi ile 1257/2013 sayılı Avrupa Birliği (AB) Gemi Geri Dönüşüm Tüzüğü’nün (AB Tüzüğü) incelenmesi gerekmektedir.

Çalışmanın amacı, gemilerin geri dönüşümünü ele alan ve gemi dönüşüm tesislerine standart getirerek, denetimlerini yeknesaklaştıran Hong Kong Sözleşmesi ve AB Tüzüğünün, Türk hukuku perspektifinden incelenmesi ve gemi geri dönüşümünde önemli bir rol oynayan Türkiye’nin konu ile ilgili hâlihazırdaki düzenlemelerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gemi sökümü ve geri dönüşümünün ekonomik faydası yadsınamaz, fakat bu faaliyetlerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ile çevrenin korunması bakımından riskleri de bulunmaktadır. Çalışmada bilhassa Hong Kong Sözleşmesi ve AB Gemi Geri Dönüşüm Tüzüğünün gemi geri dönüşümü faaliyetlerinde sorun teşkil edebilecek bu konulara ilişkin getirdiği standartlar ve bunların Türkiye bakımından uygulanabilirlikleri üzerinde durulmuştur.
Limited Şirket Yönetimine Müdahale: Mahkemenin Müdürün Yetkilerini Kaldırma ile Sınırlandırma Yetkisinin Kapsamı
Authors: Cenkci Esra
Published: April 2024

Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nun (TTK) 630/2. maddesine göre, limited şirkette her ortak, haklı sebeplerin varlığında mahkemeye başvurarak müdürün yönetim ve temsil yetkilerinin kaldırılmasını veya sınırlandırılmasını isteyebilir. Bu talep üzerine mahkemenin sahip olduğu şirketin yönetimine müdahale yetkisinin kapsamı belirsizdir. Bu belirsizlik, gelişigüzel kayyım atamaları ve şirketin yönetimi ve temsili esaslarına aykırı tedbirler alınmasıyla sonuçlanmaktadır. Yetkinin kapsamı, hükmün amacı ve lafzı birlikte ele alınarak belirlenmelidir. Hüküm, şirketin kötü yönetilmesine yol açan haklı sebebin ortadan kaldırılarak yönetim organının işlevselliğinin korunmasını amaçlar. Bu amacın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için hakimin kuracağı hüküm, haklı sebebi ortadan kaldırmalı ve organın fonksiyonunu ifa eder hale gelmesini sağlamalıdır. Müdürün yalnızca görevden alınması, bunun için çoğu zaman yeterli değildir. Şirketin menfaatinin korunmasıyla yetkili hakim, sahip olduğu yönetime müdahale yetkisini kanuna uygunluk, gereklilik, ölçülülük kıstaslarına uygun olarak kullanabilir. Şirketin yönetimi ve temsili şirket sözleşmesiyle düzenlendiğine göre (TTK m. 623/1), hakim, haklı sebebin ortadan kaldırılabilmesi için belirtilen kıstaslar doğrultusunda şirket sözleşmesine de müdahaleye yetkilidir.
Çocuk Teslimi ve Çocukla Kişisel İlişki Kurulmasına İlişkin İlâm ve Tedbir Kararlarının Yerine Getirilmesine Muhalefet
Authors: Selçuk Seyhan
Published: April 2024

7343 sayılı Kanun ile İcra ve İflâs Kanunu’nun 25-25/b maddelerinin yürürlüğüne son verilerek, Çocuk Koruma Kanunu’nun 41’inci maddesinden sonra gelmek üzere “Çocuk teslimi ve Çocukla Kişisel İlişki Kurulması” başlığı ile birlikte Dördüncü Kısım eklenmiştir. Değişikliklerle getirilen düzenlemelerden birisi de Çocuk Koruma Kanunu’na eklenen 41/F maddesidir. Bu madde, çocuk teslimi ve çocukla kişisel ilişki kurulmasına dair ilâm veya tedbir kararlarının yerine getirilmesine muhalefet edilmesi halinde nasıl bir yol izleneceğine ilişkindir.
Bu çalışmada, öncelikle makale konumuzla alakalı temel kavramlar ortaya konulmaya çalışılacak, sonra yaptırıma tabi tutulan fiillerin ve yaptırımın uygulanması için aranan şartlar üzerinde durulacaktır. Daha sonra maddede yaptırıma tabi tutulan fiiller bakımından, kanun koyucunun öngördüğü yaptırım ile yaptırımın uygulanmasında izlenecek olan usul ele alınacaktır. Yapılan yargılama sonucunda verilebilecek kararlar ile karara karşı itiraz konuları da incelenecektir. Son olarak, Çocuk Koruma Kanunu madde 41/F’de öngörülen fiillerin Türk Ceza Kanunu m. 234’de cezai yaptırıma bağlanan çocuğun kaçırılması ve alıkonulması suçuyla olan ilişkisi üzerinde durulacaktır.
"Türk Hukukunda Dernek Genel Kurul Gündemindeki Önerinin Ret ile Sonuçlandırılması İçin Ret Kararı Gerekli Midir?" Çekimser Oylar Ekseninde Bir Analiz.
Authors: Şahbaz Ali
Published: April 2024

Derneklerin ana organlarından birisi olan genel kurullarda oylaması yapılan önerilerin sonuçlandırılması şekillerinden birisi olan önerinin reddi için, genel kurulun ret kararı almasının gerekip gerekmediğine ilişkin öğretide ve uygulamada farklı görüşler ileri sürülmektedir. Öne çıkarılacak bakış açısına göre zıt sonuçlara varılması mümkündür. Bu tartışmanın çözülmesi gerekmektedir. Çekimser oylar olmaksızın bu sorun çözülebilecek ise de çözüm eksik olacaktır, o halde çekimser oyların etraflıca ele alınması bu sorunun çözümüne katkı sunacaktır. Bu sebeple çekimser oyların kabul ve ret oyları gibi oy olup olmadıkları ile genel kurullarda kullanılıp kullanılamayacakları soruları yanıtlanmalı ve çekimser oyların oyların sayımı sırasındaki hükmünün ne olduğu üzerinde durulmalıdır. Çekimser oylara ilişkin bu sorunlar çözüldükten sonra genel kurulun ret kararı almasının gerekip gerekmediği sorunu daha berrak bir şekilde çözülebilecektir. İşbu çalışmada bu iki sorun birisi ön sorun diğeri ise ana sorun olarak tartışılmakta ve farklı ihtimaller ışığında ele alınmaktadır. Varılan sonuçlara göre çekimser irade açıklamaları birer oydur, kullanılmaları karine olarak mümkündür ve oyların sayımındaki etkileri çekimser oy şeklinde olmalıdır. Genel kurulun bir öneriyi ret ile sonuçlandırabilmesi için ise ret kararı alması gerekmektedir. Bu sonuçlar çeşitli sayısal örnekler ile de gösterilmiştir.
Roma Hukukunda Satış Sözleşmesinde Satış Bedeli (Pretium)
Authors: Baytemir Tarhan Setenay
Published: April 2024

Satış sözleşmesi Roma hukukunda emptio-venditio (alım-satım) kavramıyla ifade edilmektedir. Sinallagmatik bir sözleşme olarak satış sözleşmesinde satıcı (venditor), sözleşme konusu malı (merx) nakletme borcu, alıcı (emptor) ise satış bedeli (pretium) olarak bir miktar para ödeme borcu altına girmektedir. Roma hukukunda satış bedelinin sahip olması gereken bir takım özellikler belirlenmiştir. Roma hukuku kurallarına göre satış bedelinin para olması (nummerata pecunia), satış bedelinin belirli olması (pretium certum), satış bedelinin gerçek olması (pretium verum) ve satış bedelinin adil olması (pretium iustum) gerektiği belirtilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, söz konusu özellikler Roma hukukunun farklı dönemlerinde farklı şekilde yorumlanabildiği gibi, Klasik Hukuk Dönemi’nde farklı hukuk okulları arasında söz konusu özellikler bakımından çeşitli tartışmalar gündeme gelmiştir. Çalışmada ilk önce Roma hukukunda satış sözleşmesinin genel özellikleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Daha sonra satış bedelinin bahsi geçen dört özelliği ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Roma hukukunun birincil kaynakları olarak Corpus Iuris Civilis’in Digesta ve Codex bölümlerinin farklı kitapları ile Gaius’un Institutiones isimli ders kitabındaki ve Iustinianus’un Institutiones adlı eserindeki metinler incelenmiş, farklı hukuk okulları arasındaki tartışmalara yer verilmiştir.
ORGANIC FOOD IN THE AGE OF UNCERTAINTY: FACTORS IMPACTING CONSUMER INTENTIONS DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Stanley Nwobodo  , Yaw Seng Ee  , Christian Chukwuka Ohueri  , Jodan Chai Ahmed
Published: April 2024

The rising global concerns about health and the environment have led to a substantial increase in demand for organic farm products compared to conventional ones. However, there is limited research on consumers' behavioural intentions regarding organic product consumption during pandemics such as Covid-19, especially in regions like Sarawak, Malaysia. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence consumers' intentions to purchase organic products amidst the pandemic. The study expands on the attitude component of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), incorporating environmental concern, health consciousness, trust, product quality, and affordability. A questionnaire was used to collect data from consumers of organic farm products in Sarawak, Malaysia, and the collected data was analysed using partial least squares - structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique. The findings indicate a significant positive impact of both environmental concern and affordability on purchase intention. However, health consciousness exhibited a negative influence, while product quality and trust did not significantly impact consumers' intention to purchase organic products during the pandemic. This study aims to raise consumers' awareness about the demand for organic products during the pandemic and assist the government and industry players in predicting future demand and developing strategies to strengthen the organic food industry.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO USE SHARIA SECURITIES AS AN INVESTMENT OPTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Syaparuddin Razak  , Moh. Nasuka  , Irwan Abdullah  , Jumriani Raking
Published: April 2024

This study aims to investigate the factors that can predict the behavioral intention of Muslims in Indonesia to use Sharia securities as an investment option. The TPB model was enhanced with Sharia compliance and financial intelligence to develop the theoretical model for this investigation. The paper investigates the impact of Sharia compliance and financial intelligence on attitude, and the impact of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on behavioral intention to use Sharia securities as an investment option as well. The mediating role of attitude was also investigated on the relationship between the proposed adoption factors and the behavioral intention to use Sharia securities as an investment option. Smart PLS (v. 4.0.8.9) software was used to analyze 617 responses collected via an online survey. The Findings showed that Sharia compliance and financial have a positive and significant effect on attitude, and attitude subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control also have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention to use Sharia securities as an investment option. Moreover, attitude fully mediates the relationship between Sharia compliance and financial intelligence on behavioral intention to use Sharia securities as an investment option. The findings offer valuable insights to Sharia securities users, Sharia securities developers, and the government of Indonesia.
KNOWLEDGE AND COMPLIANCE: THE INCREASING INTENTION OF MSME’s HALAL CERTIFICATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Aslam Mei Nur Widigdo  , Abdi Triyanto
Published: April 2024

The obligation of halal certification has been promulgated since 2014. However, MSMEs that apply for halal certification are only 1%.  This study aims to analyze the effects of knowledge and compliance on the intention of MSME’s halal certification in Indonesia.  The study used a quantitative approach. The sample size was 100 respondents representing owners, managers, or leaders of MSMEs in several cities in Indonesia. Samples were taken by convenience sampling technique. Data processing using Smart-PLS.   The results showed that knowledge had an insignificant positive effect on the intention to implement halal certification directly. However, mediated by compliance, knowledge significantly affects the intention to implement halal certification. Compliance increases the intention of MSMEs to implement halal certification in Indonesia.   Compliance is a crucial factor in increasing the intention of MSMEs to implement halal certification both directly and in the role of mediators.
EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF AND MODERATING INFLUENCES ON ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ON VALUE-AT-RISK: EVIDENCE FROM CHINESE LISTED COMPANIES
Authors: Jing Wu  , Chee Yoong Liew
Published: April 2024

Generally, research on the effects of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) information disclosure on listed companies is primarily limited to developed countries. By contrast, the current study is located in China and analyses whether ESG reduces the downside risk of listed companies in China, and whether political connections and institutional investors moderate this relationship. This study uses Chinese A-share listed companies from the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2010 to 2021 as research samples. Results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of enhancing ESG performance on enterprise risk is more significant in non-heavy polluting industries, non-state-owned enterprises, and enterprises in areas with low levels of marketisation. This study explores the economic implications of ESG performance from a Value-at-Risk (VaR) perspective, enriching the relevant research on ESG rating in China and providing a fresh perspective to better elucidate the economic significance of companies improving their ESG performance. This study introduces institutional investors and political connections as two moderating variables to analyse their effect on the relationship between ESG performance and VaR. In addition, heterogeneity analysis is carried out in combination with the industry, region, and ownership nature of listed companies to test the “insurance” and “information” effects of ESG performance, to provide decision-making references for investors, enterprise managers, and regulators.
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN THE MALAYSIAN PUBLIC SECTOR: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF JOB DEMANDS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION, EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION, AND SELF-EFFICACY
Authors: Aya Moftah Omar Elghadi  , Mohamad Shah Kassim  , Ahmad Jusoh
Published: April 2024

The optimization of employee engagement poses significant challenges for organizations worldwide, including in Malaysian public sector. In narrowing knowledge, demographic, and empirical gaps. This study aimed to examine the moderating role of job demands (JD) on the relationship between employee participation (EP), employee motivation (EM), self-efficacy (SE), and employee engagement (EE) within the Information technology (IT) departments of the Malaysian public sector. A quantitative approach using SmartPLS software was applied to analyze the data. This study discovered that only EM and SE have a significant impact on EE. On the other hand, there was no discernible impact of JD on the link between EM and EE. However, there was a moderation effect of JD on the relationship between EP and EE. By providing theoretical and empirical evidence as well as contextual and practical implications, this study is expected to aid the Malaysian government in optimizing the engagement of public employees and thus, enhance the productivity of the public sector in both administrative and economic growth.
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Authors: Asa Romeo Asa  , Johanna Pangeiko Nautwima  , Hylton Villet
Published: April 2024

To sustain a competitive edge amidst the dynamic nature of the current market and evolving technological landscape, manufacturing enterprises must ensure that their organizational resources, capabilities, and innovation procedures are optimized. In the manufacturing sector, innovators are known to earn twice as much as their less innovative counterparts, demonstrating the criticality of innovation. On that basis, this study used the RCO technique, which is an integrated approach to sustainable competitive advantage that focuses on resources, capabilities, and open innovation of the organization to improve decisions that lead to a lasting competitive advantage in a developing country. In addition, this study applied an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach for data analysis in calibrating the actual application of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in a company, especially in developing economies. The study results indicate that possessing valuable organizational resources necessitates adding distinctive capabilities to generate innovations that effectively contribute to attaining organizational objectives, specifically SCA. Moreover, through the utilization of positive knowledge ingress and outflow, open innovation is considered the industry eye of a business organization, with the purpose of accelerating innovation within the organization and expanding the market for innovations’ internal and external applications. In conclusion, an integrated model for sustainable competitive advantage, which is vital to the long-term growth and sustenance of businesses, was devised as a result of this study.
EFFECTIVENESS OF RGEC- BANK SOUNDNESS LEVEL AND INFLATION RATE IN PREDICTING POTENTIAL BANKRUPTCY OF BANKS: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Anwar Syaifullah Rizki  , Tri Gunarsih
Published: April 2024

This study examines the effectiveness of RGEC-based bank soundness and inflation rate in predicting the potential for bankruptcy. The samples in this study are the banking sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2020. Using several proxies of the RGEC-based bank soundness and inflation rate, the results of this study indicate that the loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR), self-assessment of good corporate governance, and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) affect the potential of bankruptcy negatively and significantly. Furthermore, non-performing loans (NPL), return on assets (ROA), and inflation rate do not affect the potential for bankruptcy. The result shows that only two indicators, among four of RGEC-based bank soundness, effectively predict the potential bankruptcy. These results suggest that if banking management wants to predict and anticipate bankruptcy based on the bank’s soundness, it can be considered to see and maintain the LDR and self-assessment of GCG and CAR.
THE ROLE OF PROFITABILITY AS A CHANNEL ON INFLUENCING THE EFFECT OF MACROECONOMICS ON STOCK RETURNS IN THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Sri Hermuningsih  , Fatimah Kari  , Anisya Dewi Rahmawati  , Final Prajnanta
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influenced stock returns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, with profitability functioning as an intervening variable. It acts as a mediating variable, influencing how macroeconomic factors impact a company's stock returns. Companies with higher profitability can withstand macroeconomic impacts, leading to higher returns. It is crucial for a company to avoid rising stock returns and ensure stability. The population in this study is the consumer goods industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research sample consists of the consumer goods industry from 2020 to 2022.Sampling uses purposive sampling with data from 26 companies and 312 quarterly financial report data. Test the hypothesis using SmartPLS. The study reveals that exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation all negatively impact stock returns, with profitability acting as an intervening variable. Additionally, inflation also negatively impacts stock returns. This research implies that exchange rate stability is essential for companies carrying out export-import activities as a means of transaction in trade. The increase in interest rates encourages investors to continue investing in stocks because they are temporary and will return to their original level. Understanding the role of profitability in the relationship between macroeconomic factors and stock performance can help investors make more informed decisions.
EUROPE UNION BAN ON PALM OIL: THE TREND OF PALM OIL COMPETITIVENESS AND THE CO-INTEGRATION ON THE SOYBEAN AND RAPESEED OIL
Authors: Abdul Hayy Haziq Mohamad  , Rossazana Ab-Rahim
Published: April 2024

Palm oil highly demanded in global trade and expected to gain more demand in the future market. The primary concern regarding palm oil production is its environmental impact. The issue that is focused on in this study the European Union to promote the banning of oil palm in the world market in 2018 and the European parliament decided to ban palm oil for biofuel used. The Europe Union also promoted soybean and rapeseed as replacement for the banned of palm oil in Europe market. Therefore, this study aims for the effect toward the competitiveness using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Revealed Symmetrical Comparative Advantage (RSCA) indices among the major crude palm oil exporters especially within 1991 to 2020 period of years. Moreover, this study also clarified the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) co-integration for the soybean and rapeseed oil toward the competitiveness for 2 largest palm oil exporters in the world from 1989 to 2021.
THE EFFECT OF AUDIT CHARACTERISTICS ON FINANCIAL REPORTING QUALITY AND THE MEDIATING ROLE OF AUDIT QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIAN PUBLIC COMPANIES
Authors: YUVARAJ GANESAN  , MUHAMMAD SHABIR SHAHARUDIN  , ABDULLAH MOHAMMED SADAA  , RANJANI NARAYANAN  , RAHUL SHARMA  , HASNAH HARON
Published: April 2024

Our paper examines the effect of audit characteristics on financial reporting quality (FRQ) and the role of audit quality (AQ) as a mediator. The study adopted 201 companies listed in Malaysian Bursa from 2017 to 2019 to achieve our objective. The study used Stata to analyze the data to estimate the effect proposed in the hypotheses. Findings show that only audit fees affected FRQ positively. At the same time, audit fees and company size have positively influenced AQ. On the other hand, AQ has improved the link between audit characteristics and FRQ since the results show a positive effect of audit tenure, audit fees, and audit company size on FRQ through the mediator. This research can help the Institute of Internal Auditors and the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners improve their rules and regulations by enhancing audit characteristics, technical competence, and functionality to help organizations improve AQ. The study's findings are relevant to governments and investors worldwide worried about FRQ and want to guarantee that operations in Malaysia and other emerging markets are closely monitored.
Modern Approaches to Enhancing Rust Resistance in Wheat Leading to Global Food Security
Authors: Afzal Amir , Mushtaq Sunbal , Ahmad Aftab , Arsalan Muhammad , Sarwar Sair , Khan Abdul Ghaffar , Nawaz Hafiz Husnain , Abbas Asad
Published: April 2024

Rust diseases pose significant threats to wheat production. The deployment of wheat cultivars endowed with rust resistance stands as the most potent strategy for effective rust management. This resistance is primarily inherited through Mendelian principles discovered in 1905, but traditional breeding methods are time-consuming. Modern strategies have emerged to develop rust-resistant wheat varieties efficiently. Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) accelerates the breeding process through precise screening, bringing about a revolution in the creation of rust-resistant wheat varieties. Genetic engineering techniques allow the transfer of resistance genes from other species into susceptible crops, but GMO use remains controversial and regulated. Gene editing, especially with CRISPR-Cas9, is a game-changer, enabling the introduction of natural variations or inactivation of critical genes in rust pathogens, enhancing plant resistance. RNA interference (RNAi) is another promising strategy, using small RNA molecules to inhibit rust pathogen gene expression, reducing disease severity. Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) primes plant immune systems by treating them with beneficial microorganisms or compounds, fortifying them against subsequent rust infections. Eco-friendly biofungicides with antagonistic microorganisms suppress rust infections as alternatives to chemical fungicides. The development of climate-resilient wheat varieties is essential, as they indirectly enhance rust resistance, ensuring stable production amid changing climate conditions. These efforts to improve wheat productivity and rust resistance are crucial for feeding the growing global population. Integrating modern methods with traditional breeding is key to effectively combatting rust diseases and enhancing food security.
Screening of Common Bean Genotypes for Their Resistance to Bean Stem Maggot (Ophiomyia Spp.) in Ethiopia
Authors: Wondimu Mulatwa
Published: April 2024

Common bean production in Africa faces various constraints, including biotic and abiotic stress. Among biotic stresses, bean stem maggots (BSM) (Ophiomyia spp.) are the most damaging insect pests of common beans in central and sub-Saharan Africa, especially under poor soils and dry conditions. Various control measures are available for bean stem maggots; however, there is insufficient information regarding the resistance of common bean genotypes to this pest. The present study aimed to identify sources of resistance to BSM in two groups of genotypes, namely red mottled and sugar bean, at Negelle Arsi and Shalla in Ethiopia during 2016 and 2017. A total of 111 genotypes with 56 belonging to the red mottled group and 55 to the sugar bean group were assessed for their resistance levels in open fields with a history of BSM infestation following randomized complete block design with three replications. In the 2016 assessment, 23 genotypes exhibited significantly lower numbers of dead seedlings and damage scores in both bean groups and locations. The results for the second year (2017) indicated that four genotypes from the red mottled group (DAB-365, DAB-398, DAB-449, and DAB-331) and four from sugar beans (DAB-500, DAB-512, DAB-483, and DAB-54) were moderately resistant to BSM in both locations. The combined findings from the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons revealed that DAB-500, DAB-512, DAB-483, and DAB-541 from the red mottled group, and DAB-365, DAB-398, DAB-449, and DAB-331 from the sugar bean group, exhibited resistance to BSM at both locations. Therefore, based on the aforementioned information, these eight genotypes from both groups are recommended as potential sources of resistance to bean stem maggots for further common bean breeding purposes.
Stem Rust: An Evolving Threat to Wheat and Strategies for Its Management
Authors: Samon Muhammad Siddique , Bux Hadi , Memon Adnan Rasheed , Soomro Sarfaraz , Jamali Abdul Rauf
Published: April 2024

Ug99, a menacing strain of stem rust, emerged as a specter haunting wheat fields worldwide. Its arrival in Uganda in 1999 sent shockwaves through the agricultural community, raising alarm bells for the vulnerability of vital wheat crops. This formidable adversary, armed with mutations that defy conventional resistance in wheat, poses a substantial threat to global food security. The super strain, the ability of Ug99 to swiftly overcome resistant varieties propelled an urgent quest for new, innovative defense strategies. Researchers and scientists mobilized in a race against time, collaborating across borders to develop resistant wheat varieties capabale of withstanding Ug99’s destructive might. The battle against this potent rust strain symbolizes a relentless pursuit to protect the world’s wheat supply, ensuring sustenance for generations to come. This review delved into Stem Rust’s past to present: history, life cycle, control measures especially marker assisted selection for controlling its pace.
In Vitro Conservation of Prunus Avium, an Endangered Species in Tunisia, Using a Plant Extract of Rubus Fruticosus Compared to Indole-3-Butyric Acid
Authors: Nouri Jdaidi , Selmi Houcine , Aloui Foued , Chaabane Abbes
Published: April 2024

Prunus avium L. is the rarest forest fruit tree in northwestern Tunisia, with strong socio-economic, agronomic, and commercial potential. The aim of this study was to provide more information about the domestication of this species by using an inexpensive in vitro culture technique for micropropagation of meristems. The plant extract used in this study was Rubus fruticosus. The results showed that the best concentration of the extract of R. fruticosus applied for the budding of meristematic microcuttings was 15 g/L, with a 100% success rate. The maximum number of adventitious shoots (7.15 ± 0.35) was obtained for the meristematic microcuttings at a concentration of 15 g/L of the extract. These results indicated that the extracted R. fruticosus plant promotes the neoformation of adventitious shoots and leaves. Rhizogenesis was strongly favored by the addition of 1 mg/L of IBA and 15 g/L of plant extract to the MS medium, which leads to the formation of roots for the meristematic micro-cuttings with percentages of about 80.36% and 53.32%, respectively. The current investigation proved that in vitro micropropagation could constitute a good alternative to the regeneration of this rare forest fruit species and may be applicable to other endangered plants.
In Vitro Exploration of Entomopathogenic Nematodes as Potential Biocontrol Agents of Brinjal Borer Leucinodes Orbonalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Ataullah Muhammad , Riaz Shahzab , Tariq Muhammad , Aslam Asad , Qadir Abdul , Asghar Adeel , Shehzad Muhammad , Akhtar Muhammad Faheem
Published: April 2024

Leucinodes orbonalis is a potential pest of eggplant, commonly known as fruit and shoot borer. Owing to its devastating nature, chemical pesticides are frequently applied and insecticide pressure is significantly higher in developing nations. Keeping the current situation in mind the most effective and practical strategy for managing insect pests found in humid and subtropical environments is the bio-control. Entomopathogenic nematodes, has been utilized against many pests for their effective management. Keeping in view the biocidal potential of entomopathogenic nematodes, the current study was planned to explore the biocidal potential of Steinernema and Heterorhabditis, two significant genera of entomopathogenic nematodes against L. orbonalis. White trap extraction technique was used to isolate nematodes from several insect larvae. Four discrete concentrations of entomopathogenic nematodes viz. 60, 90, 120, and 150 infective juveniles per larvae were applied on larval stages. The virulence trial was followed by completely randomized block design. Multiple comparisons showed that among both the tested nematodes H. bacteriophora induced significant 81.33% mortality corresponding to 150 IJs/larva after 72 h of exposure as compared to S. glaseri. In the view of current research, entomopathogenic nematodes are recommended to be used in integrated pest management program for the management of insect pests.
Farmers’ Perception Survey and Evaluation of Management Practices for Mango Fruit Borer (Citripestis Eutraphera)
Authors: Ishtiaq Muhammad , Abbas Hasnain , Saeed Shafqat , Faheem Umair , Ullah Unsar Naeem , Raza Ali , Baig Farrukh
Published: April 2024

Mango fruit borer (MFB) is a significant pest that damages mango fruits and leaves. This study explores farmers’ perceptions of the mango fruit borer and evaluates management practices. Survey findings indicated that 48% of mango growers believed MFB attacks occur during April-May, while 30% identified May-June as the peak season. Additionally, 84% of mango growers believed MFB affects fruits, while only 2% think it also targeted leaves. Most mango growers (78%) preferred chemical methods to manage MFB, with 40% using bifenthrin, 28% using emamectin benzoate, and only 8% applying imidacloprid. Experiments evaluating MFB’s preference for different mango varieties revealed that nearly all commercial varieties had varying infestation levels. Sindhri was the most infested (29.9%), while Doseri was the least infested (12.6%). Light trap data suggested that the maximum moth population occurred during the last week of April. Evaluations of chemical pesticides showed that bifenthrin (250 ml / 100 L of water) was the most effective, while Thiamethoxam + Chlorantraniliprole (80 ml / 100 L of water) was the least effective for MFB. Emamectin benzoate, Chlorantraniliprole, and Lufenuron were better options than synthetic pyrethroids (Bifenthrin) because they were safer for natural enemies and pollinators. Integrated management strategies, such as installing one light trap per hectare and monitoring MFB on mango leaves and weeds in March/April for early detection, were recommended. Additionally, collecting fallen infested fruits and judicious use of insecticides can help mitigate losses caused by MFB.