bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI): Reflections on Judicial System
Authors: Chaudhary G.
Published: January 2024

Machine learning algorithms are increasingly being utilized in scenarios, such, as criminal, administrative and civil proceedings. However, there is growing concern regarding the lack of transparency and accountability due to the “black box” nature of these algorithms. This makes it challenging for judges’ to comprehend how decisions or predictions are reached. This paper aims to explore the significance of Explainable AI (xAI) in enhancing transparency and accountability within contexts. Additionally, it examines the role that the judicial system can play in developing xAI. The methodology involves a review of existing xAI research and a discussion on how feedback from the system can improve its effectiveness in legal settings. The argument presented is that xAI is crucial in contexts as it empowers judges to make informed decisions based on algorithmic outcomes. However, the lack of transparency, in decision-making processes can impede judge’s ability to do effectively. Therefore, implementing xAI can contribute to increasing transparency and accountability within this decision-making process. The judicial system has an opportunity to aid in the development of xAI by emulating reasoning customizing approaches according to specific jurisdictions and audiences and providing valuable feedback for improving this technology’s efficacy.

Hence the primary objective is to emphasize the significance of xAI in enhancing transparency and accountability, within settings well as the potential contribution of the judicial system, towards its advancement. Judges could consider asking about the rationale, behind outcomes. It is advisable for xAI systems to provide a clear account of the steps taken by algorithms to reach their conclusions or predictions. Additionally, it is proposed that public stakeholders have a role, in shaping xAI to guarantee ethical and socially responsible technology.
Pulmonary artery thrombosis. Clinical cases
Authors: Porembskaya Olga Ya. , Tsaplin Sergey N. , Lobastov Kirill V. , Ilina Victoria A. , Kravchuk Viacheslav N. , Sayganov Sergey A.
Published: January 2024

Accumulating evidence supports the need to consider pulmonary artery thrombosis the separate thrombotic complication, which requires its own treatment algorithms.
The aim of the work is to demonstrate the pulmonary artery thrombosis clinical aspects and the effect of the standard thrombotic prophylactic algorithms with clinical examples.
Clinical cases of patients with pulmonary artery thrombosis are presented. Pulmonary artery thrombosis is considered to be the thrombotic obstruction of the pulmonary artery branches in the absence of venous and cardiac chambers thrombosis.
Patient S. with COVID-19 and 75% of lung involvement was treated in the accordance with the actual COVID-19 treatment recommendations. Enoxaparin sodium 6000 IE once a day followed by the increasing dosage of 8000 IE twice a day was used. To prevent exacerbation tocilizumab was infused, and systemic thrombolytic therapy was performed. On the 6th day after systemic thrombolytic therapy patient died. Examination revealed thrombi in the pulmonary artery branches.
Patient P. with continued growth of cerebral left frontoparietal region glioblastoma was hospitalized. Surgical tumor removal was performed a year ago. Conservative therapy, dexamethasone injections and anticoagulant prophylaxis (enoxaparin sodium 4000 IE once a day) were prescribed. After the patient death thrombi were found in the pulmonary artery segmental branches.
Outpatient D. had a history of four episodes of dyspnea during the acute respiratory diseases. Computed tomography performed at the time of the third and fourth episodes revealed thrombi in the pulmonary artery segmental branches. The fourth episode occured despite anticoagulant prophylaxis with rivaroxaban (10 mg once a day). Patient was recommended to switch to low molecular weight heparins in case of any disease. There have been no recurrent episodes over the past 8 months.
Distinctive features of pulmonary artery thrombosis pathogenesis determine the development of the complication despite anticoagulant prophylaxis. Preventive effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on the pulmonary artery thrombosis development has not been demonstrated.
The influence of comorbid diseases on the profiles of signaling biomarkers (macrophage-derived chemokine, interferon-γ-induced protein 10 kD, soluble CD40 ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor) and severity in patients with COVID-19: clinical studies
Authors: Anisenkova Anna Yu. , Mazurov Vadim I. , Apalko Svetlana V. , Popov Oleg S. , Sushentseva Natalya N. , Mamaeva Olga P. , Mosenko Sergei V. , Sarana Andrey M. , Shcherbak Sergey G.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the effect of comorbid diseases on the concentration of biomarkers will help to deepen the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the impact of comorbid diseases on the course of COVID-19 and adjust prognostic models for its therapy.
AIM: To study the impact of comorbid diseases on the severity and outcomes of COVID-19. In addition, an analysis of the levels of macrophage-derived chemokine, interferon-γ-induced protein 10 kD, soluble CD40 ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor has been carried out in 472 patients with COVID-19, depending on the presence of various forms of comorbid pathology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To study the concentration of biomarkers an analysis has been conducted in a group of 1648 patients with confirmed COVID-19. The study assessed intergroup differences (disease outcome/severity of disease) in the general group (1648 patients) and in the group of patients without comorbidity (343 patients) — Charlson index less than 2 points. 472 medical histories of patients with COVID-19 have been analyzed, including with certain concentrations of the studied biomarkers and comorbid pathology included in the Charlson Index. For comparison, two samples have been formed: an experimental group consisting of patients with COVID-19 and the presence of a certain comorbid disease and a control group consisting of patients suffering from COVID-19 without a specified comorbid disease.
RESULTS: For the first time, data has been obtained indicating that patients with COVID-19 have comorbid conditions with the levels of the studied biomarkers differing significantly from the indicators of the control group. Thus, in patients with arterial hypertension (I10–I15 according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision), chronic heart failure (I50.0), diseases of the vascular system (I70–I79), cerebrovascular diseases (I60–I69), chronic kidney disease (N17–N19), the level of the macrophage-derived chemokine biomarker was significantly lower than in the patients without these diseases. At the same time, in the COVID-19 patients with respiratory diseases (J40–J47), the levels of interferon-γ-induced protein 10 kD and vascular endothelial growth factor were significantly lower than in the patients who did not have lung diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: The study findings obtained have confirmed the role of signaling biomarkers in the development of severe forms and death in patients with COVID-19. Significant influence of comorbid pathology on the course of the new coronavirus infection has been shown.
On the natural incompleteness of terms, euphemisms and psychiatric nomenclature
Authors: Davtian Elena N.
Published: January 2024

The article examines the classification of terms denoting psychopathological phenomena in diagnostic criteria of the operational ICD from the perspectives of epistemology and general terminology. The conclusion is that the terms featured in the diagnostic criteria are not scientific terminology, but rather nomenclature lists. Using the example of substituting traditional psychiatric terminology with euphemisms, this study demonstrates the manipulative impact of classifications on the consciousness of both professionals and society as a whole, resulting in the “psychologization” of psychiatry. The psychiatric symptom was found to be a diminished semiotic system, reduced to the simplistic idea of “object — label”. The diagnostic work of the physician has lost its meaning.
COVID-19 and the Mental Health of Working Mothers as Caregivers in Georgia, USA: Causes, Outcomes and Coping MechanismsCOVID-19 and the Mental Health of Working Mothers as Caregivers in Georgia, USA: Causes, Outcomes and Coping Mechanisms
Authors: Mensah Elizabeth , Karim Maha , Ogunmuyiwa Oluwatoyosi , Alema-Mensah Ernest , Darko Florence , Kolla Kritika
Published: January 2024

Objective: The study examined the mental health conditions experienced by working mothers as caregivers in Georgia, United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, the causes and outcomes of the mental health conditions experienced, and the coping mechanisms they employed. Methods: A mixed methods cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from 132 working mothers in Georgia across six domains using Qualtrics. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS and SAS. Qualitative data was analyzed using a thematic approach. Results: Working mothers experienced depression and anxiety while providing care during the pandemic. The lack of access to childcare and family support (12.5%), home schooling (18.1%), and juggling work and family (25.6%) contributed to the mental health conditions experienced, which led to anger (12.5%), aggression towards partners (11.3%), and the inability to sleep (18.8%). Coping mechanisms employed were drinking (1.3%), smoking (5.6%) and arguing with a spouse (8%). Conclusion: While the pandemic affected the mental health of many adults in the US, working mothers providing care were among the population hardest hit. Although the immediate threat of COVID-19 has abated, its impact on mental health cannot be overlooked. By focusing primarily on the mental health of working mothers as caregivers during the pandemic, the study draws attention to, and underscores the need for targeted interventions and policies to be put in place to respond to the mental health needs of this population in the event of a future global health emergency.
Epigenetyka a ulepszanie roślin użytkowych
Authors: Bernacka Klaudia , Achrem Magdalena , Kalinka Anna
Published: January 2024

Epigenetics is a term that refers to the changes in gene expression that are heritable and induced by DNA methylation, histones post-translational modifications, or sncRNA, not resulting from the DNA sequence rearrangements. Epigenetic modifications influence gene expression, and thus, the plasticity of plants' development and phenotype in response to external and internal factors. Until recently, the only known epigenetic modification of the DNA in eukaryotic organisms was 5-methylcytosine. The growing interest in epigenetics and the development of sensitive detection methods enabled the discovery of other modifications of the DNA nitrogenous bases, i.e., 4-methylcytosine and 6-methyladenine. However, whilst research on the 5mC distribution and role in eukaryotic organisms is widespread, analyses regarding 6mA are scarced. Nevertheless, there are indications of a potential epigenetic role of 6-methyladenine in eukaryotic genomes. Understanding epigenetic mechanisms, which are triggered in response to environmental changes, is crucial for agriculture. This review shows epigenetic mechanisms, with particular emphasis on adenine methylation in plants, as well as the role of epigenetic variation in epibreeding, affecting the improvement of agronomic traits.
The role of artificial intelligence and financial engineering for listed service companies in Nigeria
Authors: Ajah Christiana Chizoba , Akintoye Rufus Ishola , Anaekenwa Aguguom Theophilus , Ajibade Ayodeji Temitope
Published: January 2024

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the financial engineering of listed service companies in Nigeria. The study used a survey field alongside secondary data from the financial statements of the service companies listed in the Nigerian Exchange Group. Self-structured questionnaires were administered through online platforms. The respondents were drawn from the staff of the service companies having access to AI and among the strata of practicing auditors and accountants with a clear understanding and good knowledge of AI applications and capabilities in solving financial engineering-related issues. The study utilized 487 validated responses in total. The Cronbach Alpha test was performed to confirm the validity and reliability of the instrument. Using the Statistical Program for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate the obtained data. The results demonstrated that AI had a significant effect on product engineering and process engineering. Also, AI had a significant effect on financial solution engineering and, lastly, on human efficiency and productivity engineering in listed service companies in Nigeria. Managers can use the research findings to brace AI in business transactions to provide creative financial solutions, increased productivity, and increased competitiveness in the sector of digital service delivery.
Transformative changes in human resources management practices in the tourism sector amidst the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Cizreliogullari Mehmet Necati , Gunay Tugrul , Kiroglu Ugur
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced a significant degree of uncertainty into the operational landscape of businesses within the tourism sector. These uncertainties have raised questions about how working conditions have evolved and may continue to change in the future. This phenomenon has not only had a widespread impact on the travel industry, but it has also extended its influence to the education sector, consequently affecting numerous other sectors in the broader economy. Within this context, the role of departments such as Human Resources (HR) has gained increasing prominence. These departments are entrusted with the crucial responsibility of monitoring workplace standards, particularly in terms of compliance with hygiene regulations and health procedures. The research was conducted in the accommodation service sector of Northern Cyprus (TRNC), encompassing businesses operating in various regions. A sample size of 20 was selected, with data collected from five different facilities situated across the Northern part of the island. This research seeks to shed light on the evolving landscape of human resources management practices in response to the transformative changes brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this objective, a qualitative research approach was employed. Oral interviews with business executives supplemented this strategy, giving the research findings more depth and context. The culmination of this study is presented in the final section, encapsulating the results and their implications. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human resources, shedding light on the evolving landscape of work in the tourism sector.
Up Regulation of Ezrin and Radixin with respect to Grade of Tumors in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mohammad pour Hadiseh , Shirkoohi Reza
Published: January 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the main causes of death among women in Iran. Biomarkers involved in promotion and progression of disease is very important in management and control of BC outcomes. In this research, we aim to estimate the expression levels of Ezrin and Radixin, as two important factors in morphogenesis, endocytosis, exocytosis, adherence, and migration of cells, in BC patients and their relationship with pathological factors.
Methods: One hundred and thirteen BC patients were involved in this research. Relative expression of Ezrin and Radixin genes were estimated with quantitative real-time PCR. Pathological data include the histology, tumor size, grade, lymphovascular invasion and clinical TNM (Tumor, Node, and Metastasis) staging of patients were recorded based on the pathology report and their relationship with relative expression of Ezrin and Radixin were estimated.
Result: According to result Ezrin were over expressed in tumor samples in comparison to adjacent normal tissue. There is a significant relationship between over expression of Ezrin and Radixin and grade of tumor and necrosis. Also there is a direct relationship between relative expression of Ezrin and Radixin expression.
Conclusions: These data support the role of Ezrin and Radixin in the biology of breast cancer and additional studies needed that determine the Ezrin and Radixin associated with phenotype and may validate them as markers of cancer progression and as a potential target for cancer therapy.
Consequences of Sympathy and Sense of Pity of People Towards Cancer Patients: an Opinion
Authors: Goudarzian Amir Hossein
Published: January 2024

When people hear about someone who has cancer, it is not uncommon for them to experience feelings of sympathy and pity. However, while these reactions are well-intentioned, they can have negative consequences for the patient. Sympathy is a feeling or emotional response characterized by compassion, understanding, and concern for the suffering or hardship experienced by another person. It involves the ability to share in the feelings of others and to genuinely care about their well-being. This article will explore the negative consequences of sympathy and pity reactions of people toward cancer patients.
Computer-aided peptide-based drug design for inositol-requiring enzyme 1
Authors: Ghanbari Alireza , Norouzy Amir , Balmeh Negar , Fard Najaf Allahyari , Moosavi Mohammad Amin
Published: January 2024

Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane protein with both kinase and endoribonuclease activities, plays an essential role during ER stress and its subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR). Recent evidence shows IRE1 signaling contributes to tumorigenesis and cancer progression, pointing to the therapeutic importance of this conserved arm of the UPR. Here, we employed different computational tools to design and predict short peptides with the capability of disrupting IRE1 dimerization/oligomerization, as a strategy for inhibiting its Kinase and RNase activities. A mutation-based peptide library was constructed using mCSM-PPI2 and OSPREY 3.0. The molecular interaction analyses between the designed peptides and IRE1 protein were conducted using the HADDOCK 2.2 online server, followed with molecular dynamics analysis by the GROMACS 2020 package. We then selected short peptide candidates that exhibited high affinity and best predicted physicochemical properties in complex with IRE1. Finally, online servers, such as ToxinPred and AllerTop, were used to identify the best peptide candidates that showed no significant allergenic or cytotoxic properties. These rational designed peptides with the capability of binding to IRE1 oligomerization domain can be considered as potential drug candidates for disrupting IRE1 activity in cancer and related diseases, pending for further validation by in silico and experimental studies.
超临界水热燃烧：基本原理、特性规律及其在能源环境领域中应用与 开发
Authors: 李紫成  , 李艳辉  , 王树众  , 任萌萌  , 段远望  , 刘慧
Published: January 2024

超临界水热燃烧技术是一种“水火相容”、无 NOx与 SOx生成的新型清洁均相燃烧技术，有望推动有机废物高效处理、传统化石能源清洁利用、稠油高效热采等领域技术的变革性发展。本文在归纳近年来超临界水热燃烧技术基本特点的基础上，重点从实验研究、数值计算两个角度总结分析了典型燃料的超临界水热燃烧特性与规律，以及在能源环境领域变革性工程应用与开发的最新进展。指出降低着火温度与熄火温度是推进超临界水热燃烧技术应用的关键，考虑真实流体效应与湍流-反应交互作用才能正确反映燃烧过程。此外，超临界水热燃烧作为体系热量与反应介质供给来源，可实现高浓有机废物高效去除、煤炭清洁燃烧与原位制氢以及生成多元热流体强化稠油热采。当前，超临界水热燃烧强迫点火技术、反应器设计准则、关键设备防腐仍是未来研究的重点，对推进超临界水热燃烧技术工程化成熟具有重要意义。
Genetic Relatedness in Elite Cultivars of Moth Bean using Morpho-agronomic and Molecular Markers
Authors: Choudhary K.B. , Sharma R. , Solanki R.K. , Mahla H.R. , Jadon K.S. , Choudhary Mukesh , Wani Shabir H. , Al-Ashkar Ibrahim , Abdelhamid Magdi T. , Sabagh Ayman El
Published: January 2024

Background: Moth bean is a very nutritive and hardy crop, especially for resource poor-arid agriculture. The limited use of cultivars in moth bean breeding resulted into narrow genetic base. This study aimed to diversify the conical genetic base and developimproved cultivars, through molecular (RAPD) and morpho-agronomic characterization of commercially elite moth bean cultivars. Methods: Elite moth bean cultivars (15) were evaluated for 11 morpho-agronomic traits. Eleven RAPD markers were used to amplify genomic DNA and perform molecular characterization.Clustering approach was used for grouping of the cultivars. Result: RAPD markers revealed high polymorphism in 15 elite moth bean cultivars. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values varied within the range of 0.45 to 0.88, with an average of 0.77. The number of alleles at different loci ranged from 4 to 16, with an average of 10 alleles per locus. When employing UPGMA-based cluster analysis, utilizing 11 morpho-agronomic traits, the cultivars were grouped into four clusters. However, when RAPD markers were used, the cultivars were grouped into five clusters. The Jaccard’s similarity coefficient and Manhattan dissimilarity coefficient fell within the ranges of 0.18 to 0.70 and 0.02 to 0.42, respectively. These values signify the degree of genetic variability within the cultivars. Furthermore, a Mantel test was conducted to examine the correlation between agronomic traits and the RAPD-based matrix. The results showed a negative correlation, but it was not statistically significant.The high PIC values and the successful amplification of multiple loci demonstrate the efficacy of RAPD markers in assessing genetic diversity in moth beans. The study revealed enormous genetic variation among cultivars and crosses can be attempted between cultivars of different groups to create better recombinants in moth bean breeding programmes.
Characterization of Headache in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Authors: Effat Kamal G
Published: January 2024

Objective: The incidence and characteristics of headache in patients with temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJD) had not been described previously. The aim of the current study was to discuss this issue.
The Chemistry of Oxidative Stress and Glycoxidation As Risk Factors for Developing Degenerative Disease
Authors: Brito Arias Marco
Published: January 2024

Oxidative stress conceived as an abnormal production of highly reactive oxygen species has been strongly implicated in degenerative and chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, coronary artery disease, vitiligo, arteriosclerosis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurodegenerative pathologies. Additionally, glycoxidation is intimately associated with diabetes, coronary heart disease, retinopathy, Parkinson, Lewy body disease and aging. These oxidative processes are strongly interconnected and related to common alterations and therefore it is primordial to understand their chemistry and what is the impact of the oxidative stress and glycoxidation on the modulation and homeostasis of the body, with the aim of establishing strategies that could lead to the prevention or control of chronic and degenerative disease.
Quality of Postoperative Handover as Perceived by Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mohamed Bayoumy Hala Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Background: Handover is considered a basic nursing practice in which a patient's care information is moved to another nurse. Handover of patients after surgery is critical due to number of care transitions, presence of a surgical procedure, and the influence of anesthesia. High-quality postoperative handover is essential to safe patient care. Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the quality of current postoperative handover practices and the factors contributing to quality of such process, especially in Saudi Arabia.
Transparency Requirements of Global Climate Change Technical Information
Authors: Moghissi A Alan
Published: January 2024

The International Panel on Global Climate Change (IPCC) has provided several reports addressing technical elements of global climate change as well as recommendations for the decision makers to implement the findings of IPCC. Currently, the global community including government agencies rely upon IPCC information in relevant actions. A key element of regulatory science is the requirement for transparency in science used in societal decisions. The implementation of transparency requirements is addressed in Best Available Regulatory Science and Metrics for Evaluation of Regulatory Science Claims (BARS/MERSC). This paper provides information on key elements of BATRS/MERSC including ethical rule, and exclusion of non-scientific issues such as ideology-related processes in regulatory science.as well as translation of science in a language that is comprehensible by knowledgeable individuals.
Effect of the use of indole-3-acetic acid on somatic embryogenesis of sunflower (Heliantus annuus) grown in the southern region
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Talía
Published: January 2024

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oil crops worldwide. However, one of the early uses of this species was as an ornamental plant due to the color and variety of its flowers. Today, there is increasing interest in tissue culture techniques in this species using growth regulators for callus formation. We evaluated three concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/L, on embryogenic callus formation using cotyledon, hypocotyl and root of sunflower cultivated in Southern Mexico. Results indicate that the three concentrations promoted callus formation, however, the best development was observed at 0.1 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid. Thus, indole-3-acetic acid is an efficient regulator for H. annuus plant growth and organogenesis.
"Does Existential Therapy Sanctify Our Being? (From Philosophy to Counseling Existential Therapy)"
Authors: Özen Yener
Published: January 2024

The existential approach is a movement of thought that emerged in Europe and America in the first half of the 20th century. The main goal of this approach is to make people think about their own lives, to encourage individuals to make choices in their lives and to take responsibility for their choices. The existential approach is the process of searching for meaning in the life of the individual, and the main task of existential therapists is to encourage the person in the search for meaning. In this study, the historical process of existential therapy, the pioneers of the existential approach, its basic principles and its therapeutic process are discussed.
Prospects of Hydrogen Economy in Central Asia and Azerbaijan
Authors: Khamidov Shukhrat
Published: January 2024

The paper/opinion considers key aspects for introduction and development of hydrogen as the “fuel of the future” in Europe, technologies, and specifics of its production. As well as prospects of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan as producers and suppliers of hydrogen in industrial volumes.
Formation and Microscopic Appearance of Fireworks-like Objects Created from Synthetic DNA (E. coli) Crown Cells with Adenosine-DNA (E. coli)
Authors: Inooka Shoshi
Published: January 2024

Techniques for producing artificial cells (DNA crown cells), in which the outer membrane surface is covered with DNA were established in 2012. Such cells, hereafter referred to as synthetic DNA crown cells, can be readily synthesized using sphingosine (Sph)-DNA-adenosine mixtures and can proliferate within egg white or in vitro. However, how synthetic DNA crown cells proliferate within egg white or grow in vitro has not yet been clarified in detail. Synthetic DNA (E. coli) crown cells formed assemblies, which were reconstructed either spontaneously or in the presence of salts. The formation of new compounds, such as adenosine-DNA compounds, may occur within the reconstructed assembly. In this study, adenosine-DNA (E. coli) compounds were first prepared then the possible effect on adenosine-DNA (E. coli) by cell formation was investigated. The present experiments showed that fireworks-like objects were formed from synthetic DNA (E. coli) crown cells together with adenosine-DNA (E. coli) compounds. The findings suggested that adenosine-DNA played a role in the new of cell formation mechanism and participated in cell generation.
Home Genomics
Authors: Mordeniz Cengiz
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The application of personalized medicine in the medical practice requires the study of the human genome with regard to drugs pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interactions and tolerance profile. The consideration of gene × environment interactions and the inclusion of “omics’ ‘ data in pharmacogenomic studies of drugs will facilitate the generation of reliable results and will promote tailored treatments and new strategies of research and development. Pharmacogenetics is the search for genetic polymorphisms that affect responses to drug therapy and refers to the study of variations in a single gene, whereas pharmacogenomics is the study of variations in multiple genes and the basis of personalisation of treatment to allow higher medication success rates. Homeogenomics should focus on homeopathic remedies since Homeopathy is a personalized and holistic healing method.
Rethinking ‘Knowledge in Use’ in Small Businesses: A Perspective
Authors: Ambe Emmanuel A
Published: January 2024

Small businesses are the backbone to every economy and according to the United Kingdom (UK) Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, accounts for about 48% (12.9 million) of employment and about 36% (1.6 trillion) in business turnover, job creation and local communities. In a period where the Covid-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine has damaged economic activities, small businesses are under pressure with breakdown in supply chains and inflationary situations leading to loss in sales and closures. Though many governments, including the UK government have devised special measures to support small businesses, this has not been not had the required effects across the board as failures increase and the perception of success is low, for example the UK Department of Business, innovation and Skills (2018) reports that there was a decrease of small business in the UK of 1.5% (about 82,000 businesses) between 2021 and 2022 and 6.5% between 2020 and 2021. This article takes the view that small businesses could look more inwardly and rethink their ‘knowledge in use’ as a critical success resource to adapt and survive in a chaotic environment. It also provides suggestions for small business owners and policymakers. Understanding this would require knowledge of self and the fundamental reasons for being in business, that of being an entrepreneur and therefore being entrepreneurial. Small businesses as compared to bigger businesses revolve around their owner-managers who are entrepreneurs.
Improving Cybersecurity Awareness and Basics in Vocational Education and Training
Authors: Vladut Gabriel
Published: January 2024

Vocational Education and Training (VET) are oriented to achieving skills and teaching of knowledge related to a specific occupation or vocation in which learner will participate. It is done at an educational institution, as part of secondary or tertiary education, or within initial training during employment, (as a combination of formal education and workplace learning). Digital transformation has introduced new business opportunities for companies, but at the same time also new risks. Cybersecurity is a big concern for companies, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are much more vulnerable, first of all from their organization, not having an internal IT department that also deals with security, on the other hand part of the lack of necessary skills, their staff and management not being used to face cyber risks and giving us attention to this sector. It is essential that SME management understands the need to put in place appropriate IT security policies and provide adequate staff training. It is known that technology as well as cyberattacks evolve rapidly more than people and organizations were aware of. Therefore also, within VET it is necessary that educators/trainers and students are equipped with cybersecurity awareness and have some cybersecurity basic knowledge about reasons why cyberattacks happen and tools to act against them. Results show that the education sector is leading when it comes to suffering cyberattacks (July 2022 to August 2022). It means that the education sector of a country needs more protection and knowledge in this context. This article is based on the experience of the authors within the Erasmus+ project “InCyT - Interdisciplinary Cyber Training.”
"Sukhomlinsky’s Practical Innovation and Enlightenment to School Labor Education"
Authors: Shen Jingyi
Published: January 2024

Read Sukhomlinsky’s articles on labor and labor education, consult his important discussion on the status, value and organization of labor education, and find that Sukhomlinsky put forward in the teaching practice of labor education in primary and secondary schools that education should be combined with all-round development, that students should be promoted in collective labor, that long-term extracurricular group activities should be carried out, and that professional teachers should be equipped. At present, labor education in primary and secondary schools in China can learn from the practical enlightenment of Sukhomlinsky, such as labor education should be combined with production and all-round development, pay attention to collective, long-term and according to local conditions, and pay attention to multi-channel specialization to promote the construction of teachers. Sukhomlinsky’s exploration in labor education has the role of leading labor education practice, in the new era of China’s primary and secondary school labor education, seriously study Sukhomlinsky’s labor education thought content, China’s primary and secondary school labor education is still of practical significance.
"Incorporating Multicultural and Workforce Diversity Leadership Attributes and Efforts in Contemporary Leadership Practices"
Authors: Scott Chaunda L
Published: January 2024

Established and respected leadership practices such as Transformational Leadership Bass [1], Bass [2], Authentic Leadership Luthans & Avolio [3], and Distributed Leadership Lumby [4] are known for offering an understanding of the ways that leadership skills can be applied and practiced in a variety of organizational settings. These well-known leadership practices are also known for underscoring the kinds of traits and behaviors that leaders should possess to enhance their leadership abilities and overall effectiveness. However, one area that is absent from traditional leadership practices is a focus on the kinds of multicultural and workforce diversity leadership knowledge, skills, and abilities that organizational leaders should possess to manage human diversity effectively in a variety organizational setting. The aim of this paper is to: 1) share examples of existing multicultural and workforce diversity frameworks that offer insights for advancing traditional leadership practices: and 2) highlight the benefits of incorporating multicultural and workforce diversity leadership traits, behaviors and supporting diversity practices into traditional leadership practices.
"Theory of Time in the Conservation and Restoration of Historical and Cultural Monuments"
Authors: Yousefnejad Soodabeh
Published: January 2024

Time analysis has been performed as the fourth dimension and the principle of the existence of objects in the conservation and restoration. The question is how the dimension of time is identified and what role it plays in conservation. To solve the problem with the phenomenological strategy, the time and methods of its emergence have been analyzed on human consciousness; thus, time is equivalent to the event, material culture, worn-out layers, place, and human. Based on the phenomenological understanding of time and its relation to the principle of the existence, the conservation of worn-out surfaces is necessary as the accumulation of present layers; worn-out an assessment based on the principles of material timeliness and its relationship with motion and transformation will provide the possibility of time measurement, pathological analysis, and the adoption of appropriate methods of optimal protection. As a result, the phenomenology of time places humans on the horizon of the goals of the conservation and answers the basic questions in this area and in addition to material analysis, also provide the meta-material analysis of the work. By focusing on the concept of material culture, human time, in addition to the time of construction, the time elapsed and the time of encountering the work in restoration are discussed. The conservation of the remnants of the past causes the understanding of the past in the present and the beginning of the process of transferring the past from the present and its coexistence with the future.
"Preparation of Copper/Aloe Vera-Based Hand Sanitizer: A Mini Overview"
Authors: Albarahmieh Esra’a
Published: January 2024

New hand sanitizer designs with eco-friendly components such as aloe vera and copper can allow pharmaceutical companies to bring enhanced applications onto the market while demonstrating simple and inexpensive preparations associated with improved microbial effectiveness. Alcoholic or non-alcoholic hand rubs are distinctively major classes of hand sanitizer platforms that can be prepared into hydrogels to address solutions for improved formulations. The innovative-utility of these hydrogels seems to be limited only by their ingredients and thus novel materials like copper or aloe vera can lead to optimization of anti-bacterial and anti-viral properties of sanitizers, and therefore a diversified product that may aid further research related to high demands of safe and sustainable materials to combat the current pandemic of COVID-19. The customized designs of starch or cellulosic hydrogels may ensure the diversity and right quality of incorporating these components needed for biocidal activity against microbes in the suggested hand sanitizers. Furthermore, the discussed sanitizer of copper and aloe vera combined in starch or cellulosic hydrogels are believed to exert enhanced texture, tone, and elasticity upon topical application due to their properties that may delve into the enzymatic activities required for less prevalence of skin lesions commonly known in traditional hand sanitizers.
"Dietary Factors Influencing Platelet Counts: Knowledge to Improve Concentration for Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections"
Authors: Amin Idris
Published: January 2024

The use of biologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, has been widely used in the healing process surrounding injuries. Given the growth factor-rich property in nature, PRP injections induce neovascularization significantly. There has been research surrounding the role of diet and nutrition on platelet count and function. States of iron deficiency and dyslipidemia have supporting evidence of increasing platelet count. In contrast, ketogenic diets, cod liver, and vitamin D have been associated with decreased platelet counts. Considering that both diet and nutrients affect platelets, perhaps using this theory could be further researched in providing higher-quality PRP injections.
Impact of Non Scheduled Public Mini Bus Stops on Transit Trip Time: A Case Study Amman-Jordan
Authors: Alqatawna Ali Issa
Published: January 2024

Public transport services face many challenges around the world. Due to the rise in demand for public transport, authorities desperately need to develop the systems, and it provides a service to be the same level for private cars in terms of service reliability measures. This research aims to study the influence of the non-scheduled random public mini bus stops on travel time for a specific mini bus route. These non-scheduled stops became a habitual behavior for Public mini buses, which affects the daily users of this transportation service in Jordan. In this study, a comprehensive plan was designed to collect data regarding the mini bus behavior along a selected bus route, using a transit on- board survey, GPS and questionnaires. The data collection involved locations of non-scheduled stops, number of stops, distance and speed. The data was then used to develop a trip time model. The developed model detects the delay time due to the non- scheduled mini bus stops. The analysis of the data indicated that passengers mainly depend on random mini bus stops because there aren’t scheduled stops, thus a large impact on traffic jam. Furthermore, it was found that the main variables that affect the trip travel time are the total delay time due to stopping randomly to board and alight passengers. The study concluded that eliminating the non-scheduled mini bus stops will reduce the trip time, thus get improve he service reliability.
Unmanned Aerial Systems as a Driving Force in the Digital Information Age
Authors: Hupy Joseph
Published: January 2024

Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), while no longer viewed as a disruptive technology, are still in their infancy regarding how this form of technology fits within the digital information age. This commentary review examines the history of UAS technology and how the rapid growth of UAS driven primarily by hardware in the form of centralized controllers, IMUs, and GPS, getting smaller, lighter, and cheaper. While the growth of UAS demonstrates itself as an outcome of the modern digital age, we argue that it now has the potential to drive the information age forward in four primary areas: cloud-based technology, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Big Data.
Bearing Design Science in Technologically of Different Materials for Textiles Industry
Authors: Elnashar Elsayed Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Design science of textile applications in technologically successful applications bearing the science of bearing design science according to the ancient Egyptians using various materials included pedal mechanisms, linear actuators, practical valve stems, trunnions, axles, reciprocating mechanisms, automobile joints and ball joints, office equipment, healthcare equipment, production equipment, agricultural machinery and design science of mechatronics of textile machinery and aircraft accessories.
Shipibo-Konibo
Authors: Díaz Gonzáles David
Published: January 2024

Cuando el trueno no tenía nombre, la magnitud se vestía de verde y los ríos no se habían convertido en carreteras de agua, ellos ya estaban allí. Hablando el idioma del agua. Descifrando sus claves. Debatiéndose entre el silencio y la sangre. Hace tres mil años decidieron poblar un bosque ubicado a 15 kilómetros de Puk Allpa o tierra roja (Pucallpa, en quechua) y de aquellos jóvenes con piel de cobre que transformaban el barro trémulo en cántaros y vasijas, que convertían un tronco hueco en cerbatana y los huesos del guacamayo azul en proyectiles de necesidad mortal, queda todo.
Demotanasia
Authors: Pallón Adra
Published: January 2024

La demotanasia es el proceso por el que debido a acciones políticas u omisión de las mismas se provoca la desaparición de la población de un territorio. La muerte por despoblación es lenta y silenciosa. Despiadada con el territorio, la naturaleza y el patrimonio. La situación no es menos dramática para las personas que habitan o, más bien, resisten en los entornos rurales. Esas que viven en la más absoluta soledad en una silenciosa, silenciada y mal llamada España vacía. En realidad, aún no lo está.
Fuzzy inference system-assisted human-aware navigation framework based on enhanced potential field
Authors: Sampathkumar Shurendher Kumar , Choi Daegyun , Kim Donghoon
Published: January 2024

With the advent of Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs) in public areas such as malls and airports, their harmonious coexistence with humans is crucial. AMRs must operate in a manner that ensures human safety, comfort, and acceptability to reduce stress. This is called Human Aware Navigation. This study introduces a framework for AMR navigation that prioritizes safety and human comfort in such environments, utilizing an enhanced Potential Field approach augmented by Fuzzy Inference Systems. To achieve a smooth AMR trajectory, the framework employs these systems based on AMR, human, and obstacle information. The proposed approach is tested across various scenarios, including complex, cluttered environments that mimic practical situations. Simulation results demonstrate that AMRs using the proposed method navigate human-rich environments safely and comfortably while mitigating common issues associated with Potential Field-based approaches, such as local minima and obstacles near the goal.
Integrated control of anti-lock and regenerative braking for in-wheel-motor-driven electric vehicles
Authors: Yong Jiawang , Dong Yiyao , Zhang Zhilin , Feng Nenglian , Li Wanting
Published: January 2024

The in-wheel motor is increasingly used in electric vehicles due to the significantly improved controllability, response capability, and energy recovery efficiency based on this technology. However, the independent control of in-wheel motors will lead to braking torque distribution problems, especially in a situation where anti-lock braking systems (ABS) are triggered, which may cause the braking energy to be unrecoverable without the coordinated control between anti-lock and RB for two in-wheel motor-driven electric vehicles based on the RB efficiency map. Control-oriented wheel dynamics and slip ratio models of the system are generated. A sliding mode intervention of regenerative braking (RB) control. This paper presents an integrated algorithm to realize the control-based ABS controller is designed to prevent the wheels from locking and to maintain the slip ratio within a desired level, and the stability and robustness of the controller to uncertainties and disturbances are discussed. Moreover, the braking strength of the driver is calculated and divided into different modes to derive a dynamic braking torque distribution to improve the energy recovery efficiency. The hardware-in-the-loop simulation results show that the recovered energy of the proposed strategy under ABS-triggered maneuver is increased by 52.9% than that of the Proportional, Integral, and Derivative controller and can effectively improve the braking performance and stability.
Standardization and Development of Avocado Pulp-Carrot Juice Blended Probiotic Dahi
Authors: Gangaraju B. V. , Venkatesh M. , Rajanna M. , Anjum A. Sachindra Babu
Published: January 2024

A study was conducted for the development of value added dahi by incorporating avocado pulp and carrot juice to increase the nutritional and sensory quality. Avocado is a highly nutritious fruit rich in proteins, fats and oils, low in sugar and is a rich source of dietary fiber. Carrot juice is an excellent source of β-carotene, ascorbic acid, tocopherol and photochemical including good sources of dietary fiber, minerals and contains appreciable number of vitamins B1, B2, B6, and B12. The research work was undertaken to develop the avocado pulp-carrot juice blended probiotic dahi to get functional attributes. Combination of Avocado pulp and carrot juice incorporated at the level 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 per cent, added with optimized probiotic culture (1 per cent). Avocado pulp-carrot juice blended probiotic dahi containing 10 per cent level of combination of avocado pulp and carrot juice with probiotic culture (1 per cent) was optimized. The sensory scores regarding the effect of incorporation of probiotics for colour and appearance, body and texture, flavour and overall acceptability are presented in this paper. Among the various levels of avocado pulp used in dahi at 8.0, 10.0 and 12.0 per cent based on the volume of product 8 per cent level secured highest sensory scores, while for carrot juice used in dahi at 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0 per cent based on the volume of product, 15 per cent level secured highest sensory scores.