bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ball Milling in Organic Transformations
Authors: Roy Keya , Sahoo Suprakash , Saha Anay , Adak Laksmikanta
Published: December 2022

In organic synthesis, mechanochemical approaches have received increased attention
because of their broad applications in green methodologies. By utilization of mechanical
forces on the various reactants, there is a certain increase of their surface area and also areas
of contact, which usually make reaction pathways more available through a greater number of
effective collisions. Mechanical energy can be produced and transferred through ball mills,
one of the highest necessary devices for green organic solid-state reactions. In the last few
decades, various challenging organic transformations have been published using ball milling
in different fields of organic synthesis. Ball milling has received tremendous attention in numerous
organic synthesis since it allows for reactions to occur at ambient temperature in the
absence of any solvent under mild conditions which are compatible for a green process. The
carbon-carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond formation reactions and also synthesis of heterocyclic compounds are
of ample importance in both academia and pharmaceutical industry. This review will highlight the recent
developments of amidation reactions, asymmetric synthesis, various heterocyclic compounds synthesis, crosscoupling
reactions, C–H bond activation for C–C and carbon–heteroatom bond formation reactions under the ballmilling
conditions.
WITHDRAWN: Piezo1 Mediates Inflammation in Balloon-inflated Rat Brain and its Bidirectional Mechanosensitivity
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Wang Gang , Xie Minjie , Lian Lifei , Xiong Yongjie , Xu Feng , Li Guo , Tang Zhouping , Wang Furong , Zhu Suiqiang
Published: December 2022

Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been
withdrawn from the journal Current Molecular Medicine.

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.

The bentham editorial policy on article withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

BENTHAM SCIENCE DISCLAIMER:

It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously
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must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden, and by submitting
the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate action against the
authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript the authors agree that the copyright
of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
The Residual Risks Associated with Atherothrombosis of Recurrent
Ischemic Stroke (IS) After Non-cardiogenic IS
Authors: Tian Fafa , Chen Hengshu
Published: December 2022

Recurrent ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide.
Patients with recurrent IS, in comparison with survivors of the initial non-cardiogenic IS, have
more serious neurological deficit and longer hospital stay with heavier family and socio-economic
burden. Therefore, recurrent IS is a major challenge that we urgently need to address. The recurrence
rate of non-cardiogenic IS is not zero and even shows an increasing trend over a long period
of time, despite receiving evidence-based management in accordance with guideline, indicating that
patients suffering from non-cardiogenic IS and who are receiving optimal management remain at
considerable residual risks (RRs) responsible for the recurrence of cerebrovascular events. In addition
to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and platelets, some new non-traditional parameters
such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)],
peripheral circulating platelet-derived microvesicles, white blood cells-platelet complexes, NODlike
receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, monomeric C-reactive protein, neutrophils and their
products (neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs), may also be potential sources of RRs for recurrent
IS. On the basis of the three pillars of secondary stroke prevention, namely, blood pressure reduction,
lipid-lowering and antiplatelet therapy, the reduction in RRs may provide additional protection
against recurrent IS. With this background, the identification and quantification of RRs associated
with disease heterogeneity and individualized treatment strategies based on risk stratification are
favorable in the mitigation of the huge stroke burden people unceasingly face.
GIRK2 Channels in Down Syndrome and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kleschevnikov Alexander
Published: December 2022

Cognitive impairment in Down syndrome (DS) results from the abnormal expression of hundreds of genes. However, the impact of KCNJ6, a gene located in the middle of the ‘Down syndrome critical region’ of chromosome 21, seems to stand out. KCNJ6 encodes GIRK2 (KIR3.2) subunits of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels, which serve as effectors for GABAB, m2, 5HT1A, A1, and many other postsynaptic metabotropic receptors. GIRK2 subunits are heavily expressed in neocortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus. By controlling resting membrane potential and neuronal excitability, GIRK2 channels may thus affect both synaptic plasticity and stability of neural circuits in the brain regions important for learning and memory. Here, we discuss recent experimental data regarding the role of KCNJ6/GIRK2 in neuronal abnormalities and cognitive impairment in models of DS and Aalzheimer’s disease (AD). The results compellingly show that signaling through GIRK2 channels is abnormally enhanced in mouse genetic models of Down syndrome and that partial suppression of GIRK2 channels with pharmacological or genetic means can restore synaptic plasticity and improve impaired cognitive functions. On the other hand, signaling through GIRK2 channels is downregulated in AD models, such as models of early amyloidopathy. In these models, reduced GIRK2 channel signaling promotes neuronal hyperactivity, causing excitatory-inhibitory imbalance and neuronal death. Accordingly, activation of GABAB/GIRK2 signaling by GIRK channel activators or GABAB receptor agonists may reduce Aβ-induced hyperactivity and subsequent neuronal death, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect in models of AD.
The Interrelation between Oxidative Stress, Depression and Inflammation
through the Kynurenine Pathway
Authors: Sipahi Hande , Mat Ayse Feruze , Ozhan Yagmur , Aydin Ahmet
Published: December 2022

The prevalence of depression has increased dramatically over the past few decades. Alt-hough depression is categorized as a brain disorder, its symptomatology includes some behaviors that also occur during chronic inflammatory stress. According to research, cytokine production and immune system activation may have a role in depression, so this relationship has received much at-tention. Moreover, there is a bidirectional relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation. Oxidative stress plays a pathogenic role in chronic inflammatory diseases; depressive disorder is be-ing suggested as one of them. Recent research using several oxidative stress indicators demonstrates that antioxidant defenses are diminished and oxidative stress is elevated in depression. Another cy-tokine-related mechanism widely known for its association with inflammatory illnesses is the kynurenine pathway (KP). KP is responsible for maintaining the balance between neuroprotective and neurogenerative processes in the brain. Therefore, KP plays a role in the pathophysiology of depression. It is thought to impact neurological processes that stem the depression, making it one of the mainstays in explaining oxidative stress-depression-inflammation interrelation. The mechanism is thought to be driven by increasing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IDO, and thus the KYN/TRP ratio. This review aims to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress, depres-sion, and inflammation through the kynurenine pathway through the current studies in the literature.
Review of the Application of Raman Spectroscopy in Qualitative and
Quantitative Analysis of Drug Polymorphism
Authors: Sun Zhongyu , Lin Boran , Yang Xiangchun , Zhao Bing , Zhang Hui , Dong Qin , Zhong Liang , Zhang Shuaihua , Zhang Mengqi , Xu Xiuhua , Dong Hailing , Li Haoyuan , Li Lian , Nie Lei , Zang Hengchang
Published: December 2022

Drug polymorphism is an important factor affecting the drugs quality and clinical effica-cy. Therefore, great attention should be paid to the crystal analysis of drugs with their researching and evaluating part. With the booming development of Raman spectroscopy in recent years, more and more crystal analysis investigations were based on vibrational spectroscopy. This review main-ly discussed the qualitative and quantitative analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and pharmaceutical preparation with Raman spectroscopy. On basis of the determination of the vibra-tion mode of drug molecules and the analysis of their chemical structure, this method had the ad-vantages of universal, non-destructive, fast determination, low samples and cost, etc. This review provides theoretical and technical support for crystal structure, which are worth popularizing. It is expected that it will be helpful to relevant government management institutions, pharmaceutical sci-entific research institutions and pharmaceutical manufacturers.
Neuroprotective Potential and Underlying Pharmacological Mechanism of Carvacrol for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases
Authors: Javed Hayate , Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran , Jha Niraj Kumar , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Ojha Shreesh
Published: December 2022

The phytochemicals have antioxidant properties to counter the deleterious effects of oxidative stress in the central nervous system and can be a promising drug candidate for neurodegenerative diseases. Among various phytochemicals, recently, constituents of spice origin have received special attention for neurodegenerative diseases owing to their health benefits, therapeutic potential, edible nature, and dietary accessibility and availability. Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpenoid, has garnered attention in the treatment and management of various human diseases. It possesses diverse pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are major public health concerns that place a significant financial burden on healthcare systems worldwide. The global burden of these diseases is expected to increase in the next few decades owing to increasing life expectancies. Currently, there is no cure for neurodegenerative diseases such as, AD and PD, and the available drugs only give symptomatic relief. For a long time, oxidative stress has been recognized as a primary contributor to neurodegeneration. Carvacrol enhances memory and cognition via modulating the effects of oxidative stress, inflammation, and Aβ25-35-induced neurotoxicity in AD. Moreover, it also reduces the production of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokine levels in PD, which further prevent the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and improves motor functions. This review highlights the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of carvacrol in the management and treatment of AD and PD.
Better Predictive Value of Lymphocyte Count and Hemoglobin for CD4
Level of HIV Patients
Authors: Gao Zheng-Rong , Yuan Zheng , Zhao Chang-song , Zhao Ru-gang , Zhang Qiang
Published: December 2022

Objective:

HIV patients are prone to infection and difficult to treat, which mainly manifests
itself in decreased CD4+ T cells in the body. Therefore, the predictive value of lymphocyte
count and hemoglobin for CD4+ levels in HIV patients was discussed in the prospective study.

Methods:

125 HIV patients (aged >18 or < 80 years) were recruited. Pearson chi-square test was
used to explore the correlation between CD4+ content and blood-related parameters in HIV patients.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate ORs for each variable.
In addition, receiver ROC curves were constructed to assess each factor's accuracy and sensitivity
in diagnosing CD4+.

Results:

Lymphocyte count and hemoglobin were significantly correlated with CD4+. In terms of
multivariate logistic regression level, there was a significant correlation between lymphocyte count
(OR = 3.170, 95% CI: 1.442-6.969, P = 0.004), hemoglobin (OR = 2.545, 95% CI: 1.148- 5.646,
P = 0.022) and CD4+ content in HIV patients. Based on the neural network model, the level of lymphocyte
and hemoglobin might be the predictive indexes of CD4+ level. We find the high-risk warning
indicator of CD4+ level: 3 < lymphocyte (109/L) < 3.6, and 150 < hemoglobin (g/L) < 200.

Conclusion:

Better predictive value of lymphocyte count and hemoglobin for CD4+ level of HIV
patients.
A Mechanistic Review on Phytomedicine and Natural Products in the Treatment of Diabetes
Authors: Nanda Jyoti , Verma Neeraj , Mani Munesh
Published: December 2022

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome of excess glucose levels in the blood. It may be due to glucose intolerance by the tissues and inadequate insulin production from pancreatic β- cells. However, diabetic complication includes cardiovascular and kidney diseases, eye, skin, and foot complications, and neuropathy. The intention behind writing this article was to gather recent information regarding the use of ancient traditional medicinal plants having recent importance in treating diabetes. Several therapies are available for curing the condition based on severity and type of diabetes. Although pharmacological treatments are effective and economical, drugs are associated with unwanted side effects and physiological complications on long-term use. Interestingly, herbs and herbal plants have been used since ancient times against diabetes worldwide. Its importance still exists due to medicinal plants' effectiveness and safety profile in treating various diseases. In this article, we searched online databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, and traditional resources, for collecting information regarding the use of plants against diabetes. We described the pathophysiology of the disease and incorporated plant sources and their chemical constituents responsible for antidiabetic activity with their mechanism in reducing blood glucose levels. The present article may be very helpful for researchers and professionals whose work is inclined towards diabetes and in search of lead compounds for the development of a suitable drug.
Cardiorenal Protections of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Type 2
Diabetes
Authors: Nazari Somayeh , Mirkhani Hossein
Published: December 2022

Cardiovascular disease and renal complications raise the risk of death and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a novel class of glucose-lowering drug that increases urine glucose excretion while decreasing blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes patients by inhibiting glucose reabsorption. In the present article, we review the discovery and development of SGLT2i as a new T2D treatment approach for T2D; thereafter, we consider different cell-based methods for the evaluation of SGLT2i. Finally, we pro-vide evidences from both clinical and experimental studies which bring up the cardio-renal protec-tive effects of SGLT2i. We performed a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify publications on preclinical and clinical studies of cardiorenal protective ac-tion of SGLT2i and their suggested mechanisms. SGLT2i have shown good effects in the im-provement of cardiovascular and renal complications independent of glucose lowering effects. Be-sides controlling blood glucose levels, SGLT2i were found to exhibit therapeutic benefits on the kidney and cardiovascular system by lowering diabetic glomerular hyperfiltration, blood pressure (BP), body weight, uric acid concentrations, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, etc. As a result of their distinct mode of action, SGLT2i have emerged as a promising treatment option for T2D and maybe T1D due to their increased urine excretion of glucose. It has been demonstrated that SGLT2i have considerable protective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and cardiomyopathy in well-designed experimental and clinical investigations.
Recent Advances in Biodecontamination of Aflatoxins in Foodstuffs:
Using Biomass (2011-2021)
Authors: Massoud Ramona , Sharifan Anousheh
Published: December 2022

Background:

Aflatoxin is one of the most hazardous toxins produced by Aspergillus
spp. and contaminates animal feed and therefore human food. Aflatoxin exposure causes several
health problems including liver, kidney, and intestine disorders for human beings. Therefore, an
efficient decontamination method for food stuff seems essential.

Objective:

The aim of this mini-review was to go over the recent advances in the decontamination
of aflatoxins in foodstuffs and explain the bio-removal methods based on microorganisms
during the last decade.

Methods:

Literature research was performed using the keywords “aflatoxin”, “bio removal”,
“decontamination”, “food”, and “biomass” individually or all together, in Scopus, Web of Science,
and Pubmed in the last decade.

Results:

LABs and yeasts are the most useful and successful microorganisms in this field. These
methods are very efficient, specific, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective, also they do
not affect the nutritional value of the foodstuffs, unlike the physical or chemical techniques. The
bio-removal methods contain aflatoxin adsorption and degradation.

Conclusion:

Although more studies and researches are required to evaluate the different types of
toxin removal using various microorganisms and their practical aspects and the highest efficiency
should be determined.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Different MRI Sequences for Different
Meniscus Lesions: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Jhonatan Felix Young , Li Kun , Chen Jinhua , Zhou Liyu , Yang Huilin , Huang Lixin , Du Jun
Published: December 2022

Background:

It is still uncertain to determine the exact diagnostic accuracy of MRI for medial
meniscus (MM) tear, lateral meniscus (LM) tear and MM posterior root tear (MMPRT) at different
magnetic field intensities (MFIs), different sequences and different publication dates. This study aimed
to identify the diagnostic performance of MRI for different meniscus lesions at different MFIs, different
sequences and different publication dates, and also to compare it with physical examination.

Methods:

PubMed, Embase, Ovid database, Biosis Previews, Cochrane library, Web of Sciences and
manual searching were performed from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2021. Prospective studies of
meniscus injuries examined by physical examination, MRI and arthroscopy were included.

Results:

Thirteen studies with 1583 meniscal tears were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity,
positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area
under curve (AUC) were 87% (95% confidence interval (CI), 86-89%), 82% (80-83%), 7.44 (5.11-
10.75), 0.18 (0.14-0.23), 45.95 (26,68-79.15) and 0.93, respectively. The pooled specificity between
MM and LM (p = 0.015), the pooled sensitivity and LR- between MM and MMPR (p = 0.031), different
MRI sequences (p = 0.035, p = 0.027), and the accuracy of less than 1.5T and 3.0T (p = 0.04), 1.5T
and 3.0T (p = 0.035) were statistically different. There was no publication bias (p = 0.54).

Conclusion:

MRI performed well in the diagnosis of MM tear, LM tear and MMPRT, and the diagnostic
performance of physical examination is similar to MRI. The diagnostic accuracy of 3.0T is the
highest, and the -weighted imaging (SWI) sequence may be beneficial for diagnosing meniscus tear.
However, there are not enough evidence to prove that recent studies are significantly better than previous
ones.
Construction of a Combined Hypoxia-related Genes Model for Hepatocellular
Carcinoma Prognosis
Authors: Ren Liping , Pan Xianrun , Ning Lin , Gong Di , Huang Jian , Deng Kejun , Xie Lei , Zhang Yang
Published: December 2022

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver malignancy
where tumorigenesis and metastasis are believed to be tied to the hallmarks of hypoxia and tumor
microenvironment (TME).

Methods:

In this study, to investigate the relationships among hypoxia, TME, and HCC prognosis,
we collected two independent datasets from a public database (TCGA-LIHC for identification,
GSE14520 for validation) and identified the hypoxia-related differentially expressed genes
(DEGs) from the TCGA data, and the univariable Cox regression and lasso regression analyses
were performed to construct the prognosis model. An HCC prognosis model with 4 hypoxiarelated
DEGs ("NDRG1", "ENO1", "SERPINE1", "ANXA2") was constructed, and high- and
low-risk groups of HCC were established by the median of the model risk score.

Results:

The survival analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in both
datasets, with the results of the AUC of the ROC curve of 1, 3, and 5 years in two datasets indicating
the robustness of the prognosis model. Meanwhile, for the TCGA-LIHC data, the immune
characteristics between the two groups revealed that the low-risk group presented higher levels of
activated NK cells, monocytes, and M2 macrophages, and 7 immune checkpoint genes were found
upregulated in the high-risk group. Additionally, the two groups have no difference in molecular
characteristics (tumor mutational burden, TMB). The proportion of recurrence was higher in the
high-risk group, and the correlation between the recurrence month and risk score was negative,
indicating high-risk correlates with a short recurrence month.

Conclusion:

In summary, this study shows the association among hypoxic signals, TME, and
HCC prognosis and may help reveal potential regulatory mechanisms between hypoxia, tumorigenesis,
and metastasis in HCC. The hypoxia-related model demonstrated the potential to be a
predictor and drug target of prognosis.
Functional Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes in Ischemic Stroke
Treatment
Authors: Farzaneh Maryam , Khoshnam Seyed Esmaeil
Published: December 2022

Stroke is a life-threatening disease and one of the leading causes of death and physical disability
worldwide. Currently, no drugs on the market promote neural recovery after stroke insult, and spontaneous
remodeling processes are limited to induce recovery in the ischemic regions. Therefore, promoting
a cell-based therapy has been needed to elevate the endogenous recovery process. Mesenchymal stem
cells (MSCs) have been regarded as candidate cell sources for therapeutic purposes of ischemic stroke,
and their therapeutic effects are mediated by exosomes. The microRNA cargo in these extracellular vesicles
is mostly responsible for the positive effects. When it comes to the therapeutic viewpoint, MSCsderived
exosomes could be a promising therapeutic strategy against ischemic stroke. The aim of this review
is to discuss the current knowledge around the potential of MSCs-derived exosomes in the treatment
of ischemic stroke.
Recent Emerging Trend in Stem Cell Therapy Risk Factors
Authors: Pourjabbar Bahareh , Shams Forough , Moghadam Maryam , Ahani-Nahayati Milad , Azari Arezo , Sefat Farshid , Keshel Saeed Heidari
Published: December 2022

Different types of stem cells have remarkable characteristics such as high proliferation rate,
multi/pluripotency, self-renewal, and broad differentiation that can effectively treat diseases, cancers, and
damage. Despite abundant therapeutic applications of stem cells in medical science, numerous risks
threaten stem cell transplantation. Tumor development, immune response, cellular senescence, dosage
effects, and administration timing are critical risks that should be considered in stem cell therapy. Hence,
an investigation of possible risks is required before utilizing stem cell-based medicinal products in the
clinical phase and human trials. This review aims to survey the literature and perspectives on the advantages
and risks associated with pluripotent and multipotent stem cells.
Organizational Preventative Strategies Undertaken by Dental Clinics in Fiji during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kajal Kartika , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: December 2022

Aim:

This research aims to determine the organizational preventative strategies implemented by dental clinics in Fiji during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:

This qualitative study was conducted amongst Dental Officers (Dos) and Dental Managers (DMs) who were working at government dental clinics, private dental clinics, and the School of Dentistry and Oral Health clinic (SDOH), in the Central Division, Fiji. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was used for data collection through in-depth interviewsviazoom. A manual thematic analysis of the data was conducted.

Results:

Thirty Dos and 17 DMs participated in this study. 16 themes emerged from data analysis: Major Strategies implemented, Staff perception about strategies in place, Triaging and Screening, Hand hygiene, Waiting room changes, Operational Capacity, Universal precautions, Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs), Disinfection and decontamination protocols, Ventilation, Sterilization, Pre-procedural mouth rinse, Waste management, Vaccination status, Bubbles and Adaptation of Protocols. The Dos were generally satisfied with the strategies implemented by the DMs. The DMs along with other Dos had used various guidance documents to devise tailor-made ones suited for dental clinics in Fiji.

Conclusion:

Various strategies were adopted from several guidelines and tailor-made Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for each workplaces were developed by the various DMs. The majority of Dos were in favor of and satisfied with the protocols in place. Future research can be conducted in other divisions and include other health care professionals as well apart from just Dos and DMs.
Typical and Atypical Errors made by Color Normal and Defective Observers on Printed Pseudoisochromatic Color Vision Tests
Authors: Alduhayan Reema , Almustanyir Ali
Published: December 2022

Background:

Pseudoisochromatic color vision tests are commonly used to screen for color vision deficiency (CVD). Although most color vision normal (CVN) individuals read all plates correctly, a remarkable proportion have errors.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the typical and atypical error responses to the Ishihara and Waggoner PIP24 (W-PIP24) tests of CVN and CVD individuals.

Methods:

This study recruited 59 CVN and 63 congenital red-green CVD individuals. Participants were tested with the Ishihara and W-PIP24 tests. The participants’ responses were recorded, and typical and atypical errors were determined.

Results:

The rate of atypical errors in the CVN group was 21% in the Ishihara test and 9% in the W-PIP24 test, while those in the CVD group were 100% and 60%, respectively. The CVN and CVD groups tended to have more atypical errors on the Ishihara test than on the W-PIP24 test. Moreover, CVD individuals tended to have more atypical errors in the transformation plates in both tests.

Conclusion:

CVN individuals may misread the plates in the Ishihara and W-PIP24 tests for reasons other than the normality of color vision; therefore, counting only typical errors may eliminate the chance of CVN individuals misreading the number on the plates. The most significant finding of this study was that clinicians should perhaps only consider typical errors as “errors” on both tests.
Professional Quality of Life and Fear of Covid-19 Moderated by Perceived Job Market Outlook: Predicting Registered Nurse Turnover Intentions in South Florida During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Barron David A. , Gold Andrew , Hale Charles
Published: December 2022

Background:

The nursing shortage and the aging of the nursing workforce is a growing concern for health care institutions. Understanding nurses attitudes toward turnover intentions is a crucial step to develop effective policies and maintain nurse staffing continuity.

Objective:

This research aims to study the impact of the Professional Quality of Life and Fear of COVID-19 moderated by perceived Job Market Outlook on South Florida registered nurses by predicting turnover intentions.

Methods:

From March to August, 2021, 202 registered nurses from seven South Florida counties completed the self-reporting Professional Quality of Life, Fear of COVID-19, and perceptions of Job Market Outlook surveys when predicting turnover intentions in a quantitative nonexperimental predictive correlational design research study.

Results:

Results showed that in the professional quality of life, burnout significantly predicted (p <.001) registered nurses (n=202) turnover intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction and fear of COVID-19 did not significantly predict registered nurses’ turnover intentions. Hierarchical regression analysis confirmed burnout is significantly more predictive than no model of turnover intentions accounting for more variance at 15.45% (p < .001). Perceived job market outlook did not moderate between the independent variables and the dependent variable turnover intentions.

Conclusion:

This research reveals the deleterious impact of burnout in the registered nurses’ professional quality of life and turnover intentions warranting the need for health care institutions and nursing leadership to collaborate on the needs of the nursing workforce on a micro and macro level.
Capacity Maximization in Cell Free Massive MIMO Network with Access
Point Selection Method
Authors: Sheikh Tasher Ali , Deekshitha Settyvari , Shalini Neerugatti , Indira Puliyalam , Rajasekaran Subramaniam , Borah Janmoni
Published: December 2022

Background:

Cell Free massive MIMO, containing a very large number of distributed access
points (APs), which is a promising technology to provide high data rate, spectral efficiency (SE),
and energy efficiency (EE). The system performance of cell-free M-MIMO is maximum when selecting
optimal access points (AP) from the large number of APs. The linear precoding methods of zeroforcing
(ZF) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) are utilized in this study because they are devoid
of self-interference and so improve the system capacity.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to maximize the system data rate in a cell-free M-MIMO
network.

Method:

To maximize the system data rate, the maximum channel gain-based Access Point Selection
(MCGAPS), Distance based Access Point Selection (DAPS), and Random-Access Point Selection
(RAPS) algorithms are used to pick access points (APs) in a cell-free M-MIMO network. Because the
MCGAPS algorithm selects those APs with the highest channel gain, the system’s rate is improved.

Result & Discussion:

The DAPS algorithm is used to choose the closest APs to the user. The APs
were randomly chosen using RAPS. Random user selection (RUS) algorithm schedules the same
number of users.

Conclusion:

It is observed that the DAPS and RUS algorithms jointly improve the system rate significantly
in cell-free massive MIMO system compared to the other proposed algorithms.
Visible Light-promoted Synthesis of Bioactive N, N-heterocycles
Authors: Majhi Sasadhar , Saha Ipsita
Published: December 2022

Heterocycles are a valuable type of structural motifs which occupy a major space in the area of medicinal, pharmaceutical, and bioactive natural product chemistry as well as synthetic organic chemistry. Most frequently, nitrogen heterocycles represent a highly significant type of compounds that are extensively employed in agrochemistry, materials science, and synthesis of bioactive complex molecules and it also has a profound role in modern drug design. Among N-heterocycles, bioactive N, N-heterocycles play a crucial role in the drug discovery and development process. Benzimidazoles, oxadiazoles, pyrazoles, pyrazolines, pyridazines, pyrimidines, thiadiazoles, triazoles, etc. are important classes of N, N-heterocycles due to their significant physiological and biological activities as well as versatile synthetic utility. For example, compounds containing an oxadiazole core such as phidianidines A and B display cytotoxicity. Zibotentan including 1,3,4-oxadiazole and pyrazine skeletons was accepted for the treatment of prostate cancer by the FDA, and cefozopran (SCE-2787) comprising 1,2,4-thiadiazole core is a powerful commercial antibiotic. So, there is continuing considerable attention to the improvement of efficient, convenient, and eco-friendly synthetic protocols for the formation of pharmaceutically relevant N,N-heterocycles. In this context, visible light-assisted synthesis of bioactive N,N-heterocycles has a great impact on sustainable development as it constitutes a clean, renewable, and abundant energy source, as well as its encouraging application in industry. Hence, this review aims to deal with the understanding of the visible light-promoted synthesis of bioactive N,N-heterocycles and further stimulate the development of more new relevant strategies.
Transformer Fault Diagnosis Method based on PSO-GMNN Model
Authors: Li Yaping , Li Yuancheng
Published: December 2022

Background:

Oil-immersed distribution transformer is an important power transmission
and distribution equipment in the power system. If it fails, it will cause huge economic losses and
safety hazards. It is of great significance to identify and diagnose its faults, find potential faults in
time, and restore normal operation.

Objective:

To detect transformer fault, a transformer fault diagnosis method based on Graph Markov
Neural Networks for Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO-GMNN) is proposed.

Methods:

Five common dissolved gases in transformer oil are used to construct a 22-dimensional
feature set to be selected, and then the similarity between each feature vector is calculated by using
Mahalanobis Distance. The graph structure is constructed with feature vectors as vertices and similarities
as edges. Finally, the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is used to optimize the initial
weights of Graph Markov Neural Networks, and then transformer fault diagnosis is realized.

Results:

The experiments are performed in the environment of Python 3.7, PyTorch 1.6.0, and the
validity of the proposed method is verified by a comparative analysis of the detection accuracy between
the proposed method and existing mainstream methods.

Conclusion:

A transformer fault diagnosis method based on Graph Markov Neural Networks for
Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is proposed to detect transformer fault, and the experimental
results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed method.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bayam Merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) pada Berbagai Warna Sungkup dan Media Tanam
Authors: Armitha Salsabila , Maghfoer Moch Dawam
Published: December 2022

Bayam merah merupakan tanaman sayur yang mengandung banyak gizi dan antosianin. Namun, produksi bayam mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2020. upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi bayam diperlukan dengan merekayasa kualitas cahaya menggunaan sungkup berwarna dan media tanam. Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh warna sungkup yang berbeda pada berbagai media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil bayam merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan November hingga Desember 2021 menggunakan RPT yang terdiri dari warna sungkup (S0: tanpa sungkup; S1: sungkup warna bening; S2: sungkup warna biru; S3: sungkup warna merah) sebagai petak utama dan media tanam (M1: tanah; M2: cocopeat; M3: kompos) sebagai anak petak dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi perlakuan sungkup merah dan media tanam kompos pada bayam merah menghasilkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar tanaman dan berat kering tanaman yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan sungkup dan media tanam lainnya. Perlakuan tanpa sungkup menghasilkan luas daun spesifik yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan sungkup lainnya, sedangkan perlakuan sungkup menunjukkan jumlah daun yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan tanpa sungkup. Perlakuan media tanam tanah dan kompos menunjukkan hasil jumlah daun yang lebih tinggi dan berbeda nyata dari perlakuan media tanam cocopeat
Keragaman 10 Genotip Selada (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Ganeswara Nadira Genta , Ardiarini Noer Rahmi
Published: December 2022

Keragaman adalah suatu sifat individu pada setiap populasi tanaman yang memiliki perbedaan antara tanaman yang lainnya. Besarnya kecilnya keragaman yang digunakan sangat menentukan keberhasilan pemuliaan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keragaman di dalam 10 genotip selada. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP), Kecamatan Karangploso, km 4 Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan Maret sampai Juni 2020. Bahan tanam yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah 10 benih galur selada. Metode yang digunakan adalah seleksi individu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada variasi keragaman di dalam genotip pada 10 genotip tanaman selada yang diamati pada karakter kualitatif. Terdapat 2 variasi keragaman pada karakter kuantitatif, yaitu keragaman rendah dan keragaman sedang. Nilai KV pada P1 dan P2 menunjukkan rendah pada karakter tinggi tanaman, lebar tajuk, jumlah daun dan luas daun. Sedangkan KV sedang pada karakter panjang akar dan berat segar. Nilai KV pada P3, P4, P7 dan P10 memiliki nilai rendah pada karakter tinggi tanaman, lebar tajuk, jumlah daun dan panjang akar. Adapun nilai KV sedang pada karakter luas daun dan berat segar. Berbeda halnya dengan P5 dan P6, semua karakter kuantitatif menunjukkan nilai KV rendah. P8 dan P10 menghasilkan nilai KV rendah pada karakter tinggi tanaman, lebar tajuk, jumlah daun. Karakter luas daun, panjang akar dan berat segar menunjukkan nilai KV sedang.
The Effects of Control Measures and Social Networks on Depression Among Older People During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Litwin Howard , Erlich Bracha
Published: December 2022

This study examined the correlates of change in the depressed state among people aged 65 and older during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, particularly the effects of crucial pandemic-related variables. Data were drawn from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), including information obtained from two special pandemic-related telephone interviews (N = 18, 266). The analysis regressed depressed state soon after the outbreak (T1) and again a year later (T2), on four pandemic-related variables (infection status, the stringency of control measures, and two forms of social network contact during the pandemic: face-to-face contact and communication through electronic means), controlling for baseline depression and health, sociodemographic variables, personality traits, and social network characteristics. The main findings were threefold. First, the epidemic-control measures were found to increase the likelihood of a depressed state soon after the pandemic outbreak, but not in the longer run. This data suggests that respondents became more resilient about the pandemic and its effects over time. Second, interpersonal contact utilizing electronic media did not reduce depression rates in the long run and increased depressed state in the short run. Thus, as mandated by epidemic-control policy, the promotion of electronic contact instead of face-to-face contact constituted a mental health risk factor. Third, face-to-face contact reduced the likelihood of change for the worse in the rate of depression among the respondents. This last finding underscores the need for older people to have close interpersonal contact, even in times of pandemic.
The Role of Depression in the Effect of Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence on Suicidal Ideation in Early Adult
Authors: Safari Salma Ghina Sakinah , Rehulina Margaretha
Published: December 2022

The phenomenon of suicide ideation is a problem that needs to be examined at this time. This study investigates the role of technology-facilitated sexual violence experience and depression on the appearance of suicidal ideation in emerging adults. A quantitative research was conducted on a sample of 322 respondents aged 18–25 years. Three scales were used in this research: the Technology-Facilitated Sexual Violence Victimization Scale is established by Henry & Powell (2014), to measure the respondents’ technology-facilitated sexual violence experiences; Lovibond & Lovibond’s (1995) Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale to measure the respondents’ depression, anxiety, and stress; and Beck’s (1979) Scale of Suicidal Ideation established to measure the appearance of the respondents’ suicide ideation. The data were analyzed using the statistical correlation test, multivariate linear regression hierarchy, and path analysis. From the results, technology-facilitated sexual violence was found to have a significant effect on suicidal ideation in early adults. Furthermore, it was found that depression partially mediates the relationship between technology-facilitated sexual violence and suicidal ideation in early adults. This study is beneficial to developing a positive internet intervention approach to create more conducive virtual spaces.
Digitally Enhanced Personality
Authors: Arkhangelsky A.N. , Dubrovsky V.N. , Lebedeva M.Yu. , Miklyaeva A.V. , Muranov A.A. , Fiofanova O.A.
Published: December 2022

The evolution of mankind is based on the expansion of the capabilities of Homo sapiens based on the development and mastery of technology as cultural tools for development. A letter and a book are prime examples. Today the human personality has been expanded not only with a pen, a watch, a spyglass and an encyclopedia but also with a calculator, an automatic translator, a digital navigator, access to the World Wide Web and other digital means of expanding the mind which tremendously increase the power of the human brain. We evaluate graduates in terms of their ability to engage in cognitive, labor, and other activities as an extended personality who masters digital means and is able to make a moral choice in a digital society. The system of educational goals, planned results, standards, programs should be addressed specifically to the extended personality of the student and teacher.
Digital Education Platform
Authors: Bakhteev O.Yu. , Gafarov F.M. , Grinshkun V.V. , Dyatlova O.V. , Kosaretsky S.G. , Kudinov V.A. , Leonov A.G. , Sergeev A.N. , Shcherbatykh S.V.
Published: December 2022

Today there are different understandings of what is considered part of a digital platform, what is on it and what is available through it. A digital integrated implementation of the following functions is required, regardless of how we define their relationship with the platform: support for group communication with the ability to record the process; accounting for the roles of the student, teacher, administrator, parent; automatic generation of digital journals and report cards; formation of the history of individual work and recording of educational events of the student, teacher, class; including it in the big data of education; designing an individual path for students to achieve educational goals with a choice of those posted on the platform; selection and implementation of tasks offered by the teacher; placement the goals, assignments, feedback and assessment tools, other learning materials; accommodating student learning requests and suggestions from teachers, organizations, and educational programs that go beyond the boundaries of one school; recording learning outcomes; displaying and forecasting on the basis of big data of the educational process with varying level of detail.
The Changing Image of the Future in the Minds of Russian Citizens
Authors: Levashov Viktor , Novozhenina Ol'ga
Published: December 2022

On the basis of empirical data of the sociological monitoring ‘How are you, Russia?’, conducted by the researchers of ISPS FRSC RAS since 1992, as well as the project ‘Stability of Social and Political Development of Russian Society and the Changing Image of the Future in the Mass Consciousness of Population’ the authors analyse the structure and character of Russian citizens’ perceptions of the image of the future. The paper focuses on the concepts of socialism and capitalism as two dialectically related view systems that underlie all modern ideologies, which influence the projective socio-political structure of the future Russian society and state. To some extent, the value orientation of Russian citizens correlates with those, which could become the basis for the successful and sustainable development of our country in the future. The paper is aimed at presenting the results of the sociological analysis of how the Russians see the future of the country via of the concepts of ‘capitalism’, ‘socialism’, ‘values of the revival policy’.
Managing the Digital Socio-Political Agenda Online: Subjects, Technologies, and Results
Authors: Ryabchenko Natal'ya , Malysheva Ol'ga , Uskov Sergey
Published: December 2022

The aim of the study is to identify and characterize the actors, factors, technologies and results of managing the online social and political agenda and to propose models of its management to public authorities. The model of online agenda, developed by the authors, was tested on the empirical data of the ‘Constitution’ case. The empirical basis for the study of the digital agenda (March–September 2020) was 1,150 million messages on Twitter and Facebook, the news content (5,000 publications) of the major national agencies Interfax, RIA Novosti and TASS, and the accounts of 460,000 users.

To identify technological methods of building and managing the socio-political agenda on the Internet and assess their effectiveness, the authors used methods of network, visual and linguistic analysis (content analysis, semantic analysis of hashtags in the obtained arrays of empirical data).

As a result, conclusions were made on three strategies to manage the online agenda: the stra­tegy of engagement (expanding the range of issues covered and equal emphasis on a variety of topics to involve more participants in the discourse); the strategy of pragmatic modelling (narrowing the range of issues covered with uneven emphasis on topics, i.e. maintaining a focus only on certain concepts of issues covered); strategy of discursive substitution (complete transformation of the digital socio-political and political ‘Constitution’ agenda and its replacement with other connected topics).

The study revealed the intersections and divergences between the discourse shaped by civil society and the official media, and, as a result, revealed the content and vectors that shape the online socio-political agenda. Obviously, the existence of divergent vectors in the digital socio-political agenda, especially in crisis and emergency situations, prevents social and political system stabilization and civil society mobilization for constructive social practices.