bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O-375 GENDERED TRAJECTORIES OF JOB INSECURITY AND THE PROBABILITY OF POORER MENTAL HEALTH AMONG WORKING-AGE AUSTRALIANS
Authors: King Tania , Ervin Jennifer
Published: July 2024

Introduction

This study aimed to identify job security/insecurity trajectories in the Australian labour market, and examine associations between estimated trajectories and mental health.

Methods

We used 15 waves of data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify discrete job security trajectories for women and men from baseline (28-38 years) to Wave 18 (41-51 years). Associations between estimated trajectories and mental health (Mental Health Inventory, MHI-5) at Wave 19 were assessed using logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results

For men and women, four discrete trajectory groups were identified: persistent security (18% women; 24% men), low-increasing security (12% women; 16% men); moderate-declining security (37% women; 28% men); persistent insecurity (33% women; 31% men). Relative to persistent security, all job security trajectories for both men and women were associated with poorer mental health at wave 19: low-increasing security for women (-6.07, 95%CI -8.71, -3.43) and men (-6.29, 95%CI -9.58, -3.00); moderate-declining security for women (-6.6, 95%CI -10.95, -2.44) and men (-3.99, 95%CI -7.47, -0.51). Associations especially strong for those in the persistently insecure trajectories (women: -11.5, 95%CI -15.1,-8.0; and men: -11.7, 9%CI -15.1, -8.4).

Discussion

Clear trajectories in job security were apparent for men and women and these job security trajectories were associated with later mental health, especially for those experiencing persistent job insecurity.

Conclusion

Trajectories in perceived job security are strongly associated with mental health.
O-376 QUALITY OF WORK LIFE BEFORE AND DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Ray Tapas
Published: July 2024

Objective

This ongoing study aims to estimate the prevalence of work-related psychosocial hazard exposures among US workers in 2022 during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare it with their pre-pandemic prevalence in 2018.

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic substantially affected the world of work. The economic and social disruption threatened US workers’ long-term livelihoods and well-being. The year 2022 (after the worst pandemic months) saw a reverse trend in hiring and job vacancies. The current labor market is extremely tight, with the unemployment rate at a record low and a high job vacancy rate. These conditions highlight the importance of assessing and addressing the work-related psychosocial hazards that have been shown to directly and indirectly impact worker health and well-being.

Methods

We use data from the General Social Survey Quality of Work Life module for 2018 and 2022 to estimate the prevalence of several work-related psychosocial hazard exposures. Simple t-tests will point to statistically significant differences between 2018 and 2022.“

Results

Preliminary data analyses show that though the percentages of workers reporting their jobs as stressful and insecure were higher by 1% each in 2022 compared to 2018, the differences are not statistically significant. The percentage of workers reporting they worked mainly from home increased significantly from 7% in 2018 to 17% in 2022. Also, a higher percentage of workers (31% in 2022 compared to 26% in 2018) reported family-work interference. These increases are statistically significant.

Discussion

Quality of work life information will help policy makers and employers to intervene appropriately and promote wellbeing.
P-561 TIME TO NARROW THE GAPS AND PREPARE WORKPLACES FOR FUTURE PANDEMICS
Authors: Minnie Denise
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The recent pandemic was destructive, not only in creating illnesses but changed how people live, work, and think. The once-familiar routines for workplaces changed dramatically and new ways of working and rendering services came onboard. Globally, fear, job insecurity, inaccessible services, exhaustion, moral injury, and exploitation, lead to mental health strain and stress. But amidst this global crisis, light was shed on challenges that were experienced, such as increased workload in overarching healthcare systems, and a need for global policies to be revisited, with improved working conditions, in the hope that it will address the gaps. It is time to prepare, protect and invest in workers to retain staff for the future.

Methods

A qualitative study of sixty open-ended questions and survey comments were used to obtain information from (218) healthcare workers about their experiences post-pandemic. The questionnaires focused on their mental health, tasks, and availability of support structures and guidelines.

Results

Overall, workers from industries expressed frustration, vulnerability, and mental and physical exhaustion due to employers both in private and government sectors exploiting and subjecting them to poor and unfair working conditions. More than 50% of these participants voiced the need for change in global policies and legislation that will result in better working conditions and create support systems that are accessible to all healthcare workers.

Conclusions

Post-pandemic, policymakers, and stakeholders need a new set of guidelines, with the objective of addressing the challenges that have been identified, beneficial to all people thereby leading to a satisfied and healthy worker in the workplace.
O-378 CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCING THE COMFORT OF EARPLUGS EXPERIENCED BY WORKERS IN CANADIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Sgard Franck , Poissenot-Arrigoni Bastien , Negrini Alessia , Berbiche Djamal , Gauvin Chantal , Doutres Olivier
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In Quebec (Canada), noise-induced hearing loss is the most prevalent and growing occupational disease, resulting in higher compensation costs. Although the most effective solution is action at the noise source, the use of individual hearing protectors, such as earplugs, can be the only way to prevent this disease. Nevertheless, the various discomforts, encompassing acoustic, physical, functional, and psychological dimensions, that earplugs engender can undermine their efficacy by influencing their consistent and correct use. These (dis)comfort arises from intricate interplays between the characteristics of the user, earplugs, and the work environment, collectively constituting the concept of “triad”.

Methods

To better understand how the characteristics of the triad influence the earplugs (dis)comfort, a comprehensive study has been conducted.

Results

173 workers tested seven distinct earplug models over the course of seven weeks and subsequently responded to detailed (dis)comfort questionnaires. Triad characteristics were assessed through both questionnaires and laboratory-based comfort testers. Statistical analyses led to the identification of primary triad characteristics that exert a significant influence on the acoustical, physical, and functional (dis)comfort dimensions. In this communication, highlights of the study and principal results are presented.

Discussion and conclusion

The main findings will aid manufacturers in designing better earplugs by considering not only their sound attenuation efficacy but also aspects related to perceived comfort. Furthermore, hygienists will have the ability to select earplugs that are most suited to a specific worker and his/her work environment.
O-380 HIGH NOISE EXPOSURE LEVEL AMONG METAL WORKERS IN SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN DAR ES SALAAM, TANZANIA
Authors: Axwesso Witness John , Nyarubeli Israel Paul , Sakwari Gloria , Bråtveit Magne , Moen Bente Elisabeth , Mamuya Simon Hendry
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Metal workers in small scale industries are involved in different metal fabrications activities using scraps and metals. They produce metal products such as pans, basins, spoons, boards, boxes, cookers, baking items and spoons. These metal fabrication activities produce noise. Noise is unwanted, unpleasant and louder sound which results in adverse health effects. Loud intensity and repeated long term exposure of noise may cause hearing loss among metal workers.The aim of this study was to determine noise exposure level and create a basis for improving adverse health effects related to the noise levels among metal workers in small scale industries in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study design, conducted among 66 metal workers from three small scale industrial workers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Personal noise measurement was done using personal noise dosimeter (Brüel and Kjær type 4448) at average time of 7 hours and 48 minutes.

Results and discussion

The average equivalent noise level and peak noise level among metal workers in small scale industrial workers were 94.6dBA (S. D=5.5) and 138.8dBA (S. D= 4.4) respectively. The average equivalent noise level ranges from 90.7dBA to 99.3dBA and mean exposure level was significantly different among the small scale industries.

Discussion and conclusion

High noise levels were reported in this study and they were all above occupational exposure limit of 85dBA. Thus these workers may develop hearing loss and other health problems at this workplace.
P-578 FROM TOOLS TO TRENDS: INSIGHTS INTO HAND ARM VIBRATION SYNDROME FROM THE UK REPORTING SCHEME PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Goodall Samuel , Pereira Rheanna , Zelic Loren , Byrne Laura , Iheozor-Ejiofor Zipporah , Carder Melanie , Van Tongeren Martie
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) encompasses disorders associated with excessive exposure to vibration, commonly through handheld-powered vibrating tools. HAVS is a potentially disabling but preventable condition which carries a substantial economic burden to individuals and society.

Methods

This study describes incidence of HAVS reported to the Occupational Physicians Reporting Activity (OPRA) UK scheme between 2004 and 2022. OPRA is a national reporting scheme, part of The Health and Occupation Research (THOR) network at the University of Manchester. Estimated cases were weighted and adjusted for temporal changes in reporter numbers.

Results

5064 estimated cases were reported to OPRA. 36% of individuals were employed in Manufacturing and 31% in Construction. Incidence rates of HAVS reported to OPRA showed sharp rises up to 2017 followed by steadily decline. Across age groups there were sparse reports in those 16-24 and steady reduction on reporting numbers across ages 35-44 and 45-54. Trends for older age groups (55+) were more sporadic.

Discussion

The sparsity of data in the 16-24 group likely reflects the latency period in symptom development, whereas the sporadic numbers in older workers perhaps reflect the historic effects of exposure in earlier life prior to introduction of updated legislation and Health and Safety Executive guidance.

Conclusion

Data is encouraging in that reported cases of HAVS, a preventable condition, appear to be on an overall downward trajectory across most younger age groups. It is hypothesizsed the implementation of legislation, such as the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005, and effective health surveillance may have contributed positively to this trend.
O-386 OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS AMONG FEMALE NURSES IN A CHINESE HOSPITAL: PERSPECTIVE FROM OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Min , Gao Fengli
Published: July 2024

Introduction

This study investigated the status of Occupational Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure (OBPE) in a top-level hospital in Beijing, in order to improve the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS).

Methods

A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was utilized, combining observation, interviews, questionnaires and evaluation of protection measures against OBPE through assessment tools.

Results

Of the 932 respondents, 91.20% were females. The hospital’s OBPE incidence rate was 6.01%, and 91.07% of those who experience OBPE are female nurses. The Odds Ratio for female nurses compared to others was 1.62 (95% CI 0.63,4.14). The incident report rate was only 16.85%, the causes of under-report included fear of blame, non-standard operations causing exposure, perceived insignificance, patient’s negative serological test results, self-evaluation of low risk, seeking treatment on their own, and anticipating cumbersome processes after reporting. The assessment score of occupational exposure protection system in this hospital was 720.33/1000, which was below the good rating level (800/1000).

Discussion

The incidence of OBPE among female nurses is relatively low, however, the high under-report rate makes these results not reflect the real picture, the leading cause is the underdeveloped OSHMS which has a low score compared to the standard rating level for good OSHMS.

Conclusion

Female nurses are risked by OBPE with occupational health and safety issues caused by high under-report rate, therefore, the top priority and the comprehensive solution should be improving the OSHMS in the hospital.
O-389 TECHNOSTRESS, PRIVACY, AND MAKING CONNECTIONS: WOMEN, WORK AND HEALTH CONDITIONS FOR ONLINE TEACHERS
Authors: MacEachen Ellen , Hopwood Pam , Sultana Ishrat , Whitson Jennifer , Aurini Janice , Premji Stephanie , Khan Tauhid , Brown Sarah , Ireland Tim , Zientarska-Kayko Agnes
Published: July 2024

Background

Although work and employment researchers have increasingly turned to the growing phenomenon of working and communicating digitally rather than face-to-face, we lack insight into the impact of this employment shift on specific professions. Our study examines the work organization and health impacts for elementary and high school teachers, who are mostly women and increasingly teaching online and from home.

Methods

This presentation describes an international scoping review of international English-language and Bengali literature published 2013 to 2023 on the health effects on teachers of online teaching, which is the first step of our larger Canada-Bangladesh study. Our systematic search of 4 databases includes empirical, peer-reviewed studies.

Results

Burnout was a key issue for teachers working online. Studies showed that work stress was associated with achieving an adequate social connection with students and with feelings of inadequate teaching due to the online medium. Further challenges for teachers working online include technostress (limited skills, connectivity hassle), privacy (home noise and background activity), digital surveillance (from both employers and parents), and ergonomics (workstation setup). Women teachers working from home also face competing expectations about housework and childcare.

Discussion

In the context of digital teaching, schoolteachers are a gendered profession facing new challenges related to home-work balance, privacy, and surveillance. These conditions require new approaches to training and occupational health and safety conditions.

Conclusion

Our recently funded study investigates the work and health of teachers in Canada and Bangladesh. Our scoping review results describe distinct health challenges of digital teaching related to social connection, technology, privacy and ergonomics.
P-583 STUDY OF THE WORKING CONDITIONS OF FISHMONGERS IN CONAKRY, GUINEA IN 2022
Authors: N’guessan Linda , Aka Irel , Kra Anny , CHerif Hawa , Ouattara Madina , Kouame Bhellys , Guiegui Chimene
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Artisanal fish smoking exposes workers to occupational accidents, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation. The aim of this study was to describe the working conditions of women fish smokers in Conakry, Guinea.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to June 30, 2022. Women from the Téminetaye and Bonfi sites who had been smoking fish for at least 3 months and who had agreed to participate voluntarily in the study were included. Measurements of CO in ambient air were carried out using portable CO detectors of the Testo 317-3 type.

Results

The average age of respondents was 47.12 ± 15.98 years, with extremes of 18 and 82 years. More than half of fish smokers (58.2%) did not attend school. They worked more than 8 hours a day and 7 days a week (79.6%). Wood (99.5%) was the main fuel used for smoking. Ovens were made of bricks, cut drums and sheet metal topped with metal grates. Fish smoking took place in the open air, close to dwellings. None of the smokers wore respirators. There was no organized medical follow-up for these women. Wounds (99%) and burns (17%) were the main injuries caused by occupational accidents. Low back pain (89%), sciatica (67.6%) and neck pain (57.7%) were described by the workers.

Discussion – Conclusion

These results highlight the precarious working conditions and health risks faced by women engaged in artisanal fish smoking in Conakry. Greater attention needs to be paid to occupational safety and health protection for these workers.
O-395 A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY DESCRIBING THE OUTCOMES OF A RTW REHABILITATION PROGRAM FOR PATIENTS WITH WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Scott Lindsay Kaiser
Published: July 2024

Introduction

In South Africa (SA), an amendment to the Compensation of Occupational Injury and Disease Act (COIDA) was signed into law in 2023 to shift the focus from compensation to rehabilitation, re-integration and return to work (RTW). This study contributed to the dearth of rehabilitation and RTW research in SA, by investigating and reporting on the work disability outcomes of a comprehensive and coordinated RTW program for patients with musculoskeletal disorders.

Methods

A quantitative observational prospective study was conducted to describe and compare the pre- and post-intervention pain, functional and work-related outcomes of a stratification-based rehabilitation programme for patients with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in South Africa. Non-probability, consecutive sampling, was used to allow all participants that were referred to the centers, to be given the opportunity to participate in the study

Results

The 455 participants were stratified at initial assessment into high (n=140); medium (n=273) and low risk of disability (n=6). The majority of participants risk stratification reduced and were stratified as low risk (n=419) at discharge. There was a statistically significant reduction in pain, improvement in functional outcomes and work statuses.

Discussion

The findings of this study indicate that this tested RTW programme resulted in statistically significant and positive change of the health and work outcomes.

Conclusion

The tested RTW rehabilitation programme has important implications for supporting the COIDA amendments. A well-coordinated care with involvement of both physiotherapists and occupational therapists and with strategic stakeholder engagement can reduce the burden of work disability for employees with work-related musculoskeletal disorders in SA.
O-398 ASSESSING THE PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF STAMMERING (STUTTERING) ON WORK
Authors: Parsons Vaughan , Ntani Georgia , Bricker-Katz Geraldine , Muiry Rupert , Madan Ira
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Stammering (stuttering) is a speech disorder with high heterogeneity, characterised by involuntary disrupted speech (dysfluency). We assessed the impact of stammering on work, occupational health (OH) usual care, and assessed the demand for a workplace support intervention.

Methods

Mixed methods.

Results

470 healthcare workers who stammer took part. Majority of respondents rated their stammer as mild-to-moderate, with 86% perceiving job performance to be adversely impacted. Situational and anticipatory anxiety at work was commonplace, and over two thirds of participants expressed concern that stammering made them appear unprofessional or incompetent, with over half engaging in avoidant behaviors. Career inspirations were adversely influenced. Very few sought OH advice. Thirty-two OH professionals completed the usual care survey. The most common referral reasons were increased anxiety and stress at work. Wide variation in OH advice and support offered was identified, with 44% of OH providers considering their OH clinical staff possess insufficient clinical knowledge of speech disorders and their impact on work.

Discussion

We identified practical challenges workers who stammer experience at work and provided new knowledge of the role of OH in the management of workers who experience work difficulties due to stammering. There is a need to improve OH clinicians’ clinical knowledge of speech disorders and their impact on work.

Conclusion

This research further emphasizes the need for more OH research into hidden conditions and disability, and their impact on the experience of work and work functioning. Findings informed a new workplace intervention to improve the workplace experience of NHS staff who stammer.
P-603 RETURN TO WORK PRACTICES IN ONTARIO POLICE SERVICES
Authors: Van Eerd Dwayne , Le Pouésard Morgane , Irvin Emma , Yanar Basak , Jetha Arif , Tompa Emile , Gignac Monique , Morose Tanya
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Occupational injuries are common for police service members. The challenging physical demands of police work along with operational stress, are barriers to return to work (RTW) for police service members. Our objective was to examine RTW practices in Ontario, Canada police services.

Methods

In-depth interviews with members of Ontario police services (sworn and civilian) who have experience with work absence and RTW were conducted. A thematic analysis was used for the qualitative interview data. A stakeholder committee, including chiefs of police, police association members and occupational health and safety representatives, assisted with recruitment, interview terminology, and creation of messages from the results.

Results

Five themes emerged describing key aspects of the RTW process: Accommodation, Communication, Trust-building, as well as Context and Culture. The themes of context and culture revealed RTW challenges related to psychological injuries, stoicism, and hierarchical organizations. The RTW process themes captured aspects of accommodation (e.g. meaningful work), communication (e.g. timeliness and clarity), and trust-building issues (e.g. confidentiality and malingering). Details and illustrative quotes provide practical information about how programs can be implemented to improve the RTW process in policing.

Conclusions/Implications

The interview data yielded rich descriptions of the RTW processes in Ontario police services. Suggested policy and practice improvements include: accommodation flexibility; increased clarity of RTW process and expectations; genuine and timely communication; protection of confidentiality; and eliminating the use of stigmatizing language. Future RTW research in policing should focus on determining optimal communication approaches and better understanding the link between trust and RTW in policing.
P-608 MAKING MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING MORE ACCESSIBLE IN WORK REHABILITATION
Authors: Coutu Marie-France , Durand Marie-Jose , Green Rachel , Labreceque Marie-Elise , Pettigrew Sara
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a person-centered communication approach. To promote its implementation, a feasible and plausible adaptation for work rehabilitation is needed.

Objective

To adapt a MI intervention for work rehabilitation.

Method

A consensus approach was used with 9 clinician experts (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, psychologists), including one MI expert psychologist. The expert clinicians had more than 2 years of experience in work rehabilitation for musculoskeletal disorders and more than 6 hours of MI training. Based on our review of the MI literature, a draft MI intervention outlined in a logic model was created and submitted to the experts, along with a questionnaire to assess agreement on the feasibility and plausibility of the logic model. Where there was disagreement, improvements were suggested. Subsequently, group meetings with the experts helped to reach consensus on the final version of the model.

Results

In total, 17 statements (51.5%) in the questionnaire reached consensus (agreement score ≥85%). The 16 statements that did not reach consensus (48.5%) generated 96 proposals (1 to 6 per statement) that were discussed in three 2-hour sessions. The experts agreed on the resources/tools required to carry out the 18 activities to achieve the five outcomes necessary to support workers’ self-determination in their work rehabilitation. Training recommendations were made to support implementation.

Conclusions

An operationalized MI intervention for work rehabilitation is now available for integration into existing programs. The next step will be to evaluate the usability of MI training in work rehabilitation.
O-402 ERGONOMIC SAFETY AND REHABILITATION: KEYS FOR THE ELIMINATION OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISABILITIES IN AFRICA
Authors: Phiri Cellina
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Musculoskeletal conditions can either be sudden and short lived or lifelong conditions associated with ongoing functioning limitations and disability. Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMDS) caused by sedentary, labor intensive or repetitive work schedules are experienced across the entire workforce globally, from office to industrial workers, to the informal sector. Available research data on interventions and management of WRMDS in Africa indicates fewer findings. This prompted the need for this research.

Methods

The research was based on literature review of evidence based clinical guidelines on WRMDS, Community level interventions on WRMDS, the WHO Rehabilitation needs Estimator, and Occupational Health and Safety Journals and Texts.

Results

Safety and Health interventions targeting the elimination of WRMDS include: •Job Mechanization, • Job design, • Job rotation, • Job enlargement and enrichment, and most recently Rehabilitation. “

Discussion

Well managed victims of WRMDS can adapt to their situation and remain as independent and active as possible however, most health care systems are not equipped to respond to their existing needs due to the ever-increasing disease burden and rising populations. In most low and middle income countries the need for rehabilitation is not prioritized. Institutions and governments must strategically position themselves to take full advantage of available initiatives in order to eliminate WRMDS.

Conclusion

A number of effective interventions are being implemented within the workplace and across the health sector globally as a way of addressing musculoskeletal disorders. Good interventions focus on improving the functioning of the workforce and reducing the experience of disability.
O-405 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT ON BACK PAIN AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONIC WORKERS
Authors: Chaiklieng Sunisa
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Persistent back pain is common among industrial workers whose work involves materials handling and repetitive work. Some electronic workers perform sedentary and eye focusing work which might increase health risk. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the occupational health risk and identify the risk factors correlated with back pain among electronic workers.

Methods

Data were collected on 354 workers with musculoskeletal disorders through a severity and frequency questionnaire (MSFQ), upper limb assessment of ergonomic risk and the measurement of lighting intensity at workstations. The occupational health risk matrix of back pain was applied by considering levels of back discomfort and ergonomic risk. Risk factors were identified by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results

Most workers were female and had less than 5 years’ work experience. The lighting intensity at most inspected workstations with a microscope was lower than the standard requirement (76.52%). Ergonomic risk was high to very high for 57.63% of workers, with implementation needed. The occupational health risk matrix indicated that most workers had a moderate to very high risk of back pain (62.44%).

Discussion

Workers who performed eye focusing tasks in poor lighting intensity had high health risks. The significant risk factors of occupational back pain were the ergonomic conditions of workers performing manual lifting and shift work, and inappropriate workstation area.

Conclusion

These results suggest the ergonomic risk factors found to be associated with back pain should be improved and the occupational health risk matrix is useful for the surveillance of back pain and implementing preventive measures in industrial electronic workers.
O-406 LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF KNEE PAIN AMONGST WORKERS IN THE CULTURAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL INFLUENCES ON DISABILITY (CUPID) STUDY
Authors: Ntani Georgia , D’Angelo Stefani , Walker-Bone Karen
Published: July 2024

Background

Knee pain (KP) is common often leading to disability and early workforce exit. In a large group of workers, we examined the prevalence of KP longitudinally, its relationship with pain elsewhere, and personal and occupational effects on pain at follow-up.

Methods

Data from the CUPID study, comprising office workers, nurses and manual workers (ages 20-59) from 18 countries, collected baseline information on KP, other pain sites, occupational characteristics, and general health. Follow-up information about KP was obtained a year later. Descriptive statistics were used to describe KP prevalence, characteristics and persistence. Logistic regression examined baseline factors in relation to follow-up KP, and disabling KP.

Results

Among 9161 workers, 28% reported KP in the past year and 21% KP in the past month. 79% of workers with KP reported disability. The prevalence increased with age and was higher among women. Only 8% of workers with KP had single-site pain. Prevalence rates varied widely even amongst workers doing broadly similar work. Psychosocial and physically-demanding work factors predicted KP at follow-up, as did poorer mental health and somatisation. Yet, the highest effect size was that of number of painful sites at baseline (IRR:2.06, 95%CI:1.78-2.39).

Discussion

In our cohort, KP was prevalent, even at younger ages and frequently persistent and disabling. Pain at other sites had the strongest predictive effect, surpassing other known impacts of KP.

Conclusion

The results emphasize a biopsychosocial approach for KP management, similar to that suggested for low back and non-specific arm pain. Solely focusing on knee structural damage may not be universally effective.
O-410 MANAGEMENT OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN REMOTE IT PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Sharan Deepak
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic, most Information Technology (IT) professionals have been working remotely or in hybrid mode, often with suboptimal workstations.

Methods

7200 computer professionals (out of a total employee count of 20000) from a single multinational IT company were studied for 40 months. 58% were aged between 20-30 years, and 76% were male. The job designations included software engineers (56%), managers (30%) and technical support executives (10%).

Results

The most common body regions affected were the neck (74%), upper back (66%), lower back (62%), shoulders (36%), wrists and hands (18%), knees (18%), ankles and feet (12%). 20% reported widespread pain. The onset of symptoms was after starting remote work in 84%. 33% had another medical co-morbidity, and 12% had post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. The intervention included occupational teleconsultation, telerehabilitation, virtual ergonomic workplace analysis (EWA) using a customized app incorporating the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Rapid Office Strain Assessment, monthly ergonomics and occupational health webinars, and follow-up. The rehabilitation included lifestyle modifications, exercises, self-management, psychological/behavioural and graded physical reactivation approaches, and furniture and ergonomics equipment recommendations based on the results of the EWA.

Discussion and conclusion

Positive correlations were found between symptoms, extended working hours, higher BMI, elevated desk height, limited leg room, improper wrist placement, low screen positioning, and non-adjustable chairs without proper back support. 94% of workers reported complete or near-complete resolution of symptoms, and 6% reported a partial recovery. 95% reported a significant improvement in work productivity and quality of life. No worker had to stop working due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
P-609 RISK FACTORS OF MULTISITE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS IN A SHOE AND LEATHER FACTORY
Authors: RMADI Nehla , Sellami Imen , Hammami Kaouthar Jmal , Masmoudi Mohamed Larbi , Hajjaji Mounira
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Work in the leather and footwear sector exposes workers to multiple biomechanical constraints known to be risk factors for musculoskeletal symptoms (MS). These latter affect generally more than one body region leading to talk about multisite MS (MMS).

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional and exhaustive study among 337 workers in a shoe and leather factory over a period of one year. Data collection was performed through Computer Assisted Mobile Interview (CAMI) technology. We used a structured questionnaire which consisted of demographic questions, the Modified Nordic for MS assessment, Quick Exposure Check (QEC) method for ergonomic assessment and Job Content Questionnaire for the assessment of psychosocial environment at work. Variables associated with the number of symptomatic sites were derived from multiple linear regression using R software.

Results

Of all the participants (337), 310 employees had MMS and were thus covered by the present study. Respondents’ mean age was 34.02 years (SD = 10.25). QEC assessment showed that MS risk level exposure was high among 77.2% of the study population. In multivariate analysis, MMS were associated with professional seniority, body mass index, sewing machine operators, high psychological demand, exposure to heat, perceived stress and intensive cadence at the workplace.

Discussion

MMS are recurrent in the leather and footwear sector. Different risk factors were incriminated in their occurrence and included individual and professional factors. The latter have been found to be strongly associated with these disorders.

Conclusion

MMS are multifactorial pathologies requiring the implementation of an effective preventive strategy along with ergonomic awareness and health promotion.
P-616 MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS OF THE UPPER LIMB RECOGNIZED BY REGIONAL RECOGNITION COMMITTEE OF TUNIS, IN TUNISIA
Authors: Dallagi Amani , Maiz Nesrine Ben , Ismail Saloua , Baraketi Emna , Khouja Nihel , Hamdouni Mongi , Hsinet Jihen , Benzarti Aida
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb (MSD-UL) are a major occupational health problem. The aim of this study was to describe the socioprofessional, clinical and para-clinical characteristics of recognized MSD-UL and to identify the occupational risk factors.

Methods

This is a cross-sectionaland retrospective study based on all MSD-UL reporting records and recognized as occupational disease by the National Health Insurance Fund of Tunis during 2005 to 2015.

Results

we were collected 440 records of MSD-UL recognized as occupational disease.The mean frequency over the 11 years was 40 cases/year. The average age was 43.13 witha sex ratio of 0.12. The supplying sectors of MSD-UL were textile industry (39.8%) and the electronics industry (16.4%). The study of the workplace revealed the presence of repetitive movements (95.45%) and static movements (87.27%). Psychosocial risk factors were the high job accuracy (70.9%) and the high concentration at the workplace (69.3%). The were71.82% hand and wrist musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) especially the carpal tunnel syndrome (CST). The shoulder tendinopathy was associated to sex (p=0.005) and to professional seniority (p=0.002). Absenteeism was noted among 62.7% of our patients.

Discussion

MSD-ULoccupy the first rank of occupational diseases (OD) declared and recognized by the National Health Insurance Fund in Tunisia.Due of their socio-economic impact, MSD remains a major concern of the occupational physician.

Conclusion

It is essential to target the sectors most affected and put in place an ergonomic and organizational prevention strategy in order to reduce this scourge.
P-618 RISK ASSESSMENT OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL EXPOSURES. ARE MEASUREMENTS BETTER THAN OBSERVATIONS? RESULTS FROM THE “EVERBA-STUDY”
Authors: Klussmann Andre , Nasir Jamal , Jost Mirjam , Tolg Boris , Popp Johann
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are main causes for sick leave. To estimate the probability of work-related musculoskeletal overload, validated risk assessment methods are required. Observational methods and measurement-supported assessment approaches are available. We examined differences performing workplace assessments in nursing.

Methods

Participants perform simple to complex work tasks. Besides observations and video recordings, they are measured with a body-worn sensor system and three-way force plates absorb the ground reaction forces. The measurement data are converted into effective forces on the lower back, shoulders and knees using biomechanical models. Cumulative loads in Newton seconds (Ns) are determined. Reliability is calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). As an observational method, the Key Indicator Method Whole-Body Forces (KIM-BF) is used.

Results

Six participants performed six simple and four complex movements, each with eight repetitions. This resulted in a total of 480 data sets of which 468 could be evaluated. The test-retest reliability was calculated with an ICC of 0.6-0.9 for the three body regions. Results correlate with the scores of KIM-BF.

Discussion/Conclusion

The added value resulting from the measurements compared to observational screening is doubtful. Measurements mean an immense effort in the preparation and post-processing with a moderate reliability. It is true that (supposedly) more precise data could be generated than in the observation, but evaluation models with this level of precision do not exist. Results from measurements depend fundamentally on those who build, set up, perform, and evaluate them, and there can be a lot of subjective and objective influences as well as intentional and unintentional errors.
P-620 RACHIALGIA IN PROFESSIONAL DRIVERS AND MEDICAL FITNESS FOR WORK: A REVIEW OF 31 CASES
Authors: Ziedi Hiba , Brahim Dorra , Mechergui Najla , Youssef Imen , Mersni Mariem , Bahri Ghada , Said Hanene Ben , Bani Mejda , Ladhari Nizar
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Spinal pain is a frequent reason for consultation in occupational medicine, particularly among professional drivers (PDs) exposed to low-frequency vibrations. We aimed to study the risk factors as well as the medical fitness to work in PDs suffering from spinal pain.

Methods

A retrospective descriptive study that involved PDs referred to the occupational medicine department for a medical opinion of fitness for work in the face of spinal pain, during the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2022.

Results

During the study period, 31 PDs were included. The population was exclusively male with a mean age of 50±6 years. The most common sectors of activity were transport (42%) and construction (19%). The median professional seniority was 16 years. Obesity was associated with spinal pain in 32% of cases. Lumbar involvement was the most common localization (61%). The diagnosis of protrusive disc herniation was made in 29% of patients, associated with radicular conflict in 70% of cases. Four patients were declared fit to drive, whereas 58% of the PDs were excluded from professional driving. Three drivers benefited from a workstation adjustment with avoidance of long journeys.

Discussion

The high prevalence of rachialgia among PDs may be explained by an anomaly of the spine not detected during the recruitment visit, which could be aggravated by exposure to vibrations.

Conclusions

Spinal pain seems to be a reason for unfitness to work among PDs. Regular monitoring and detection of risk factors are necessary in order to preserve PDs health.
P-624 DECLARATIONS OF OCCUPATIONAL BILATERAL CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME IN TUNISIAN ACTIVE WORKERS IN THE PRIVATE INDUSTRIES
Authors: Grissa Ons , Rassas Ines , Hayouni Marouen , Machghoul Samia , Amri Charfeddine , Chaari Neila , Akrout Mohamed , Henchi Adnene , Merchaoui Irtyah
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The increasing number of Bilateral Carpel Tunnel Syndrome (BCTS) is an emergent problem, leading to heavier occupational burden and increasing economic costs. Our aim is to describe socio-demographic, medical and occupational characteristics of reported occupational bilateral Carpel Tunnel Syndrome.

Methods

A multicenter retrospective study was conducted to investigate all reported occupational Bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome declarations from January 2005 to December 2016.

Results

Most of BCTS declarations were those of female workers (sex ratio=0.07) with an average reporting age of 44.2 ± 7 years. Textile and clothing manufacture represented 69% of declarations. The most concerned region was the central district (62.4%). Occupational health physicians reported 71.9 % of all initial medical certificates from whom 76.7% were recognized as occupational diseases. Main reasons of rejection were “Do not apply to the medical criteria” (44.4%) and “Do not apply to the occupational exposure criteria” (23.2%). In 58.5% of the declared BCTS, no complementary medical explorations were performed, while the electromyography was carried out in 39.5% of cases.

Discussion

This study indicates that the majority of reported BCTS were those of female workers. In fact, biological, kinematic and electromyographic differences would lead to higher musculoskeletal loads among women. Main reasons of declarations rejection were the lack of meeting medical and occupational exposure criteria. This could be related to the status of the reporting physician.

Conclusion

Our findings re-enforce the promotion of ergonomic interventions at workplace as well as the establishment of a national healthcare program to raise workers awareness about occupational BCTS in Tunisia.
P-625 NON-STANDARD FORMS OF EMPLOYMENT AMONG PEOPLE WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN SWEDEN: A SURVEY PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Machado Alejandra , Friberg Emilie
Published: July 2024

Introduction

People with multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) are less likely to be in paid work, mainly as the disease progresses. Non-standard forms of employment (hourly wage, seasonal, substitute or temporal employment, among others) may be considered an alternative. We aim to explore the current work status of PwMS according to their health and occupation.

Methods

A web-based survey was sent out during the summer of 2021, to all individuals of working ages (20-50 years) listed in the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis register. Closed and open responses were analysed through descriptive methods after performing qualitative procedures (occupational sector categorization was based on the Standard Swedish Occupational Classification, SSYK-12).

Results

From 4412 respondents, 68.8% reported fixed-employment, no employment (5.6%) or did not respond (18.4%), while the rest reported temporarily (3.6%), hourly (1.5%) or other type of employment (1.7%). The majority of PwMS on non-standard employments (95.7%) reported having a somewhat, good or very good health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Health, Education and Sales/Service sectors were significantly predominant among temporarily and hourly employments. Furthermore, shifting working hours were more common among hourly (35.4%) and temporarily employment (15.8%) compared to the rest of types of employment.

Discussion

Fix employment was reported by most of the PwMS in Sweden, while non-standard employments are less frequent. These types of employments are common among professions like nurses, care of elderly, teachers or salesperson, who also perform more shift works in comparison to fix employment.

Conclusion

Non-standard employments among PwMS are infrequent. Those with this form of employment have specific occupations and good health status.
P-626 ASSESSMENT OF A NEW LORRY DESIGN FOR THE KERBSIDE WASTE COLLECTION
Authors: Silvetti Alessio , Fiori Lorenzo , Tatarelli Antonella , Papale Adriano , Varrecchia Tiwana , Ranavolo Giorgia Chini Alberto , Fiorelli Ari , Tranfo Giovanna , Draicchio Francesco
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Paper aims to investigate the redesign of a lorry to reduce biomechanical load in kerbside waste collection workers. Two workers (one for gender) simulated unloading 10kg bins inside a lorry using five techniques at different heights (105, 135, 145, 185, 200cm) and horizontal distances (5, 35cm).

Methods

We used sEMG to calculate bilateral mean muscle activity as percentage of Maximum Voluntary Contraction (%MVC) from Anterior Deltoideus, Lateral Deltoideus, Upper Trapezius, and Erector Spinae.

Results

Workers refused to test 200cm for its height. Trunk muscles of both workers had highest %MVC at 145cm. For male, 105 and 135 showed the lowest %MVC values (16% ESdx, 23% ESsx). For woman, techniques less overloading were 105 and 185cm. Combined %MVC values were still high (65%). Both workers showed the lowest shoulders %MVC at 105cm. Man had the highest anterior deltoids %MVCs at 145cm; both trapezius showed the highest overall %MVC at 145 and 185cm. Woman had the highest shoulder %MVC on left side at 145cm; all TRdx values exceeded 40%. The most overloading height was 185cm.

Conclusions

Findings revealed negative and positive effects. Negative concern to pull a wire for opening the lorry’s backdoor at 145cm. The wire involves biomechanical load on shoulders. Handling at 145 also results in high %MVC dues to increased horizontal distance (35cm). Positive, concern lowering whole lorry to reduce lower limbs load in repeated hop on hop off task and a reduced handling height of container (135cm Vs. 105cm). Despite improvements biomechanical risk remains high. Acknowledgment Rubes Triva Foundation promoted this paper.
Dynamical properties of mildly relativistic ejecta produced by the mass-loading of gamma-ray burst jets in dense ambient media
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Irwin Christopher M , Maeda Keiichi
Published: July 2024

We present the results of a series of 3D special relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet in a massive circumstellar medium (CSM) surrounding the progenitor star. Our simulations reproduce the jet morphology transitioning from a well-collimated state to a thermal pressure-driven state for a range of CSM masses and outer radii. The jet–CSM interaction redistributes the jet energy to materials expanding into a wide solid angle and results in a quasi-spherical ejecta with four-velocities from $\Gamma \beta \simeq 0.1$ to 10. The mass and kinetic energy of the ejecta with velocities faster than $0.1c$ are typically of the order of $0.1\, M_{\odot }$ and $10^{51}\:\mbox{erg}$ with only a weak dependence on the CSM mass and radius for the explored CSM parameter ranges. We find that the numerically obtained density structure of the mildly relativistic ejecta is remarkably universal. The radial density profile is well approximated as a power-law function of the radial velocity with an index of $-5$, $\rho \propto v^{-5}$, in agreement with our previous simulations and other studies, as well as those suggested from recent studies on early-phase spectra of supernovae associated with GRBs. Such fast ejecta rapidly becomes transparent following its expansion. Gradually releasing the trapped thermal photons, the ejecta gives rise to bright UV–optical emission within ${\sim} 1\:$d. We discuss the potential link of the relativistic ejecta resulting from jet–CSM interaction to GRB-associated supernovae as well as fast and blue optical transients.