bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discursos (de partidos) políticos: construção de sentidos para a educação
Authors:   Universidade do Porto, Cruz João Moisés , Costa Alexandra Sá ,   Universidade do Porto
Published: June 2023

Este artigo analisa os discursos políticos sobre educação produzidos pelos partidos políticos portugueses com assento parlamentar na Assembleia da República durante a primeira sessão legislativa da XIV legislatura (2019-2023). Pretendemos, com essa análise, compreender e discutir os sentidos atribuídos à educação pelos diferentes partidos, contribuindo para o estudo da construção discursiva do campo político da educação. Recorrendo à Análise de Discurso como método de análise, mais concretamente à Teoria do Discurso de Laclau e Mouffe, e partindo de uma perspetiva da política como campo de contingência e de mudança social, analisam-se os discursos com recurso a um dispositivo de análise que integra os conceitos de ponto nodal, articulação e momento. Discute-se a forma como os discursos político-partidários se constituem como discursos de autoridade, através da utilização de uma linguagem que promove o bem comum e universal e que procura revestir esses discursos de um carácter de indiscutibilidade. A luta discursiva dos partidos para fixar os sentidos de educação, evidenciada pela análise, permitiu discutir diferentes propostas de mudança social, bem como o carácter de autoridade desses discursos. As conclusões refletem a construção do sentido político para a educação realizada por cada um dos partidos.
Recensão
Authors:   Universidade Lusófona, Gonçalves Maria Neves , Brás José Viegas ,   Universidade Lusófona
Published: June 2023

Recensão crítica da obra: Rita Hofstetter & Érhise (Eds.) (2022). Bureau International d´Éducation, matrice de l’internationalisme éducatif (premier 20e siècle). Peter Lang, 642, p. ISSN 0721-3700, ISBN 978-2-8076- 1919-7. DOI 10.3726/b18278.
Pensamiento crítico VS competencia crítica: lectura crítica
Authors: Jiménez Pérez Elena del Pilar
Published: June 2023

El pensamiento crítico no es un concepto actual, sin embargo, está tomando especial relevancia en la sociedad de hoy en día gracias, en parte, al problema que supone para el ser humano las fake news y, por extensión, se está comenzando a trabajar de forma sistemática en los centros educativos. De igual forma, el pensamiento crítico también afecta a la comprensión de la información recibida desde un punto de vista emocional, ya que ayuda a ser objetivos y a evitar mal interpretar tanto mensajes orales como escritos. En este sentido, el pensamiento crítico evoluciona a competencia como capacidad de ponerla en práctica, son conceptos paralelos al de comprensión lectora con respecto a la competencia lectora. Además, la  mayoría de los tests que se han ido utilizando para acotar el pensamiento crítico son traducciones del inglés que, en algunos casos, resultan ambiguos y confusos de interpretar en español. De ahí la importancia del papel de la comprensión de lo que se lee para poder desarrollar una competencia crítica sólida y solvente. El presente estudio es una revisión de la literatura científica que se propone como objetivo discernir qué es el pensamiento crítico, recogido como una de las capacidades a desarrollar con el alumnado según Europa, como base para la definición de la competencia crítica, así como sus dimensiones, su relación con la lectura y su papel en el aula.
Intervention-related self-defence
Authors: Stefańska Blanka Julita
Published: June 2023

The scholarly and research-focused article examines the content of Article 25 §§ 4 and 5 CC, which was transferred to the new Article 231b §§ 1 and 2 CC of Chapter XXIX of the Criminal Code by means of Act of 20 February 2015 amending the Criminal Code Act and Certain Other Acts. The regulation concerns the intervention-related self-defence, wherein a person acting in self-defence and repelling an attack on another’s good protected by law, while simultaneously protecting public security or order, is granted the same legal protection as public officials. The article analyses the genesis and development of this defence, its legal nature, objectives, conditions for application, the scope of criminal law protection for a person acting within the intervention-related self-defence, the exclusion of this protection, and the relationship between Article 231b § 1 and Article 217a CC. The primary scientific objective is to evaluate the legitimacy of its introduction to the Criminal Code and the correctness of defining the premises for its application and its scope. The aim of the considerations is to demonstrate that this measure, despite the negative assessment of its introduction to the Criminal Code in the doctrine, can play a vital role in ensuring security and public order.
Stepparents’ Upbringing Obligation Towards their Stepchildren
Authors: Lewandowska-Urbanowicz Monika
Published: June 2023

The article explores the issue of reconstructed families, focusing specifically on the roles of individual family members and the processes that occur within such families. Due to the complexity of the above processes, the article concentrates on the deliberations about the stepparent’s upbringing process towards the stepchild, determining its content, scope and role. The article analyses of the stepparent’s duty towards the stepchild, highlighting its normative sources, and assesses this duty in relation to the parental authority of the spouse and the parental authority of the other biological parent outside the reconstructed family. The deliberations presented in the article aim to support the primary thesis of the article that in order for the foster parent’s current custody of the child to be effective, the stepparent’s situation in terms of upbringing obligation should be made independent of the biological parent’ situation, which stems from their parental authority. The article proposes introducing for example, an institution of the so-called “adoptive parent’s care” that would encompass some rights and obligations typical of parental authority and independent of the parental authority of the child’s biological parent. This could serve as an equivalent to the concept of parental responsibility found in English law.
Submission of the Point of Law Which Raises Serious Doubts in Civil Proceedings for the Resolution by the Supreme Court
Authors: Sekuła-Leleno Małgorzata
Published: June 2023

The institution of questions of law, as a result of which the court ruling in the case is bound by the view of the Supreme Court expressed in its resolution, is an exception to the constitutional principle of subordination of judges solely to the Constitution and statues (Article 178(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland).

The point of law which raises serious doubts because divergent interpretation of the same provision exist in the case-law could be submitted when in the opinion of the appellate court each of these interpretations can be adopted in view of its significant legal arguments, and neither the position of the jurisprudence nor the doctrine of law explains which interpretation should be chosen.

The point of law submitted to the Supreme Court for resolution under Article 390(1) of the Code of Civil Procedure must meet three basic requirements. Firstly, the point of law must be of an abstract nature and concern the interpretation of legal provisions, as it is unacceptable to present to the Supreme Court a question of law simply to get an answer on how to settle the case. Secondly, the point of law needs to concern a legal doubt which needs to be clarified in order to examine the legal remedy; in other words, in order to use the right set forth in Article 390(1) of the CCP, a link must exist between the presented point of law and a decision to be made on the merits of the case, and such link needs to be demonstrated through the juridical consistency of the point of law formulated at the outset and the reasons thereto, and through the proper reference to the facts of the case in such generally defined question of law. Thirdly, the point of law to be resolved needs to concern a legal issue which raises serious doubts; if ordinary doubts arise, the court of second instance needs to settle them on its own. The significance of the issue or the discrepancies in the jurisprudence and literature regarding the ways of its resolutions are not per se independent premises for raising a question of law.
What would a Swedish mine be without a party? On metals, minerals, and love during the “green” transition: Climate propaganda in The Swedish Mine advertising campaign
Authors: Löfgren Isabel
Published: June 2023

This article contributes to the growing field of critical studies about the visual politics of the green transition by highlighting the role of communication and the creative industries in promoting “green” ideologies. “The Swedish Mine” advocacy advertising campaign, launched in 2021, is presented as a case study to illustrate how lifestyle advertising genres are used to leverage the emotional engagement of progressive, mining-sceptical urban audiences to increase the social acceptance of intensified mining despite increasing climate awareness. Using visual culture studies, feminist, and critical race theory approaches to analyse the campaign materials, I explore how the campaign aestheticises “green” industrial progress by tokenising multiculturalism, fetishising consumption, and romancing national identity. As a counterpoint, I examine how social media reactions and activist responses illustrate tensions between mining acceptance and mining resistance in Swedish society. I conclude by positioning the campaign rhetoric in various forms of climate propaganda and highlighting the limits of the engineering of public consent for a “green” transition when such attempts use emotions as sites of “cognitive extraction” to cover technological and capitalist imperatives that ultimately promote Sweden as a leading mining nation.
Words that Matter: Donald Trump’s Twitter Communication in the Pre-COVID-19 Period
Authors: Baranowski Paweł , Matera Paulina
Published: June 2023

The goal of this study was to test the result presented by Stolee and Caton (2018) that former President of the United States Donald Trump primarily addressed his devoted electorate via Twitter. In the empirical setup, we referred to the theoretical concepts of a politician’s base and of an ‘echo chamber’ and the theories of populist leaders’ communication. The regression techniques were applied to determine the relationship between the popularity, measured as the number of “favorites” and “retweets”, and the frequency of words representing 16 topics. The topics connected to Trump’s self-praise, critique of opponents, the issue of immigration, and dealings with rival countries increased the popularity of the tweets. Surprisingly, tweets including the topics connected to crucial issues for the American public did not attract much interest. These results are in line with the theory of Stolee and Caton and may indicate that followers were not interested in the substantive content of the President’s posts. The results also confirm our hypothesis that while Trump’s message had a populist character, he primarily addressed his devoted electorate, not the wider audience.
Reflexão digital
Authors: H. Tran Khuong , Đurđević Goran , Murrieta Emiliano Gallaga , Haotian Chen , Farman Ali
Published: June 2023

Os estudos de Museologia, Patrimônio e Arqueologia digital são campos em crescimento que representam novas ideias e formas de proteção do patrimônio cultural, assim como novos dispositivos para a educação e difusão do mesmo. O Projeto de Estudos sobre Espelhos, apresentado aqui, é uma iniciativa acadêmica e uma aplicação web de fácil acesso (Linked Open Data, Open access, Charter on the Preservation of Digital Heritage) onde se recompila informação concernente a espelhos e que está disponível a investigadores, estudantes e público em geral. Aqui, se recompila informação de sítios arqueológicos, coleções de museus, investigadores, fontes históricas e bibliografia relacionada a espelhos. Como trabalho em processo, mostramos o caso da perspectiva mesoamericana como um exemplo potencial para essa rede acadêmica.
Rodinhas de chinelo de borracha ao combate
Authors: Abreu e Souza Rafael de
Published: June 2023

O texto aborda a cultura material dos camponeses do sertão a partir das rodinhas de chinelos que são produzidas enquanto materialidades criativas que invertem funções presumidas de produtos industrializados no âmbito de lógicas camponesas. A abordagem é arqueológica, diacrônica e regional para analisar o refugo de unidades domésticas entre Ceará, Piauí e Pernambuco. Parte-se da crítica aos discursos de pobreza, isolamento, homogeneidade cultural e morte do campesinato frente à chegada de lógicas urbano-industriais, consumistas e modernas ao campo. As rodinhas, representantes do universo infantil, permitem notar como economias simbólicas se apropriam de objetos gestados sob práticas modernas, criando materialidades a partir do reúso, as quais resistem à imposição consumista.
Corpos que emergem
Authors: Rodrigues Igor
Published: June 2023

Com base em um estudo etnoarqueológico sobre a tecnologia dos trançados dos povos do rio Mapuera (noroeste do Pará), este artigo discute materiais e o conceito moderno de cultura material, submetendo-os a cosmovisões e ontologias ameríndias. Articulando conceitos de cosmopolítica, ecologia das práticas, transdução e individuação, argumentar-se-á que trançar não é um saber-fazer exclusivamente humano. Trançados são corpos feitos basicamente de vegetais metamorfoseados e suas vidas emergem de operações técnicas permeadas de negociações. A agência dos trançados vincula-se às suas respectivas corporalidades e às subjetividades e potências de parte dos vegetais que compõe seus corpos. Embora perecíveis, trançados são persistentes na vida dos povos ameríndios do rio Mapuera.
Por uma bioarqueologia das técnicas corporais
Authors: Ferreira Fidalgo Daniel Filipe , DiGiusto Marina , Stabile Rafael , Aceto Beatriz , Rodrigues Igor , Wesolowski Veronica
Published: June 2023

Aqui exploramos o potencial informativo da análise de remanescentes humanos, quando o corpo é em si percepcionado enquanto tecnologia perecível. Como embasamento teórico, partimos do princípio de técnicas corporais descritas por Marcel Mauss, e demonstramos através de alguns exemplos como resultados de análises bioarqueológicas se enquadram em diversas das suas categorias. Longe de um exercício extensivo sobre todas as possibilidades de análise, pretendemos apenas levar o leitor a refletir como estes dados podem se enquadrar e complementar narrativas arqueológicas vigentes sobre sociedades pretéritas. Por fim, demonstramos ainda de forma breve como a análise de remanescentes humanos pode ser encarada como uma janela para explorar outras tecnologias perecíveis.
Adornos corporais em materiais orgânicos nos enterramentos pré-históricos do Nordeste no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Camila , Cisneiros Daniela
Published: June 2023

Os adornos corporais são considerados elementos materiais que marcaram a existência do simbolismo e da cognição dos primeiros indivíduos do gênero Homo e são concomitantes a outras manifestações simbólicas, que, por vezes, não deixaram marcas visíveis no registro arqueológico. Dados etnográficos demonstram que tais adornos, em sua maioria, são produzidos em materiais leves e orgânicos. A deposição funerária permite um melhor acondicionamento desses materiais, assim como uma melhor contextualização arqueológica. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os adornos confeccionados em materiais orgânicos e identificados em contexto funerário pré-histórico em 10 sítios no Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados permitiram inferir que os grupos que habitaram essa região utilizavam-se de diversas tipologias adornais, confeccionadas em distintas matérias-primas (ossos, dentes, conchas, palhas, sementes). Esses registros estão inseridos em cronologia a partir de 10.000 anos B.P, com maior concentração e diversificação entre 2000 e 1000 anos B.P.
Entre o perecível e o indelével
Authors: Honorato de Oliveira Vinicius , Kunupira Wai Wai Otekmi
Published: June 2023

O interesse arqueológico do xkmari (ralador de mandioca) waiwai emerge a partir da observação do uso de lascamento para produção dos chamados “dentes de ralador”. Assim, é através de um dos materiais menos perecíveis, que o xkmari adentra o debate arqueológico. No entanto, o xkmari só pode ser entendido em sua completude material se uma série de matérias-primas perecíveis for contemplada. Neste artigo buscaremos apresentar informações etnográficas e de cronistas; bibliografia arqueológica; e observação recente da produção de xkmaris na aldeia Mapuera, norte do Pará, para refletir sobre o potencial arqueológico desse tipo de artefato e sobre o papel e limites das classificações arqueológicas. Discutiremos o papel desse item da cultura material como um articulador em amplas redes de relação do norte-amazônico e Guianas, e como um agente em diferentes esferas de identificação cultural.
Adornos corporais indígenas no circum-Caribe
Authors: Guzzo Falci Catarina
Published: June 2023

Esta tese de doutorado investiga padrões de produção, uso e intercâmbio de adornos corporais no Caribe pré-colonial. Na primeira parte, uma estratégia de pesquisa é proposta para o estudo de coleções circum-caribenhas, combinando análise tecnológica e traceológica. Ao mesmo tempo, uma coleção etnográfica de adornos corporais indígenas da América do Sul é estudada como base para interpretações dos traços de uso. Na segunda parte, são analisadas coleções arqueológicas das Antilhas Menores e Maiores datadas do período ceramista. A presença de certos produtos técnicos e de traços de uso é considerada de modo a proporcionar uma compreensão mais complexa acerca das interações sociais e dos mecanismos que as teriam permitido.
Arqueologias do costume em quarentena
Authors: Diniz de Araujo Reykel
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho apresenta parte da pesquisa de monografia em arqueologia, com ênfase nas experiências de pesquisa durante a pandemia do COVID-19. A pesquisa se interessou em compreender as diferentes relações que se estabelecem entre três objetos de estudo – estruturas oitocentistas tombadas –, os mambucabenses e o tombamento no decorrer do acautelamento preservacionista da Vila Histórica de Mambucaba. Além de apresentar o estudo de caso, costurando algumas experiências com as abordagens utilizadas, me aprofundo em como a quarentena fez com que um novo campo de investigação surgisse: um grupo de Whatsapp.
O lugar das plantas em sítios históricos: diálogos entre Brasil e Argentina
Authors: Capucho Taís Cristina Jacinto Pinheiro
Published: June 2023

A Arqueobotânica investiga a interação entre humanos e plantas a partir do registro arqueológico. Com a multiplicidade de informações disponíveis para os contextos históricos, suas possibilidades interpretativas podem ser ampliadas, mas esse potencial permanece pouco explorado na Arqueologia Latino-americana. Foram realizados um levantamento, análise e comparação das pesquisas arqueobotânicas em sítios históricos no Brasil e na Argentina, complementadas por uma síntese descritiva dos principais vestígios arqueobotânicos e a menção a suas potencialidades informativas. Apesar das iniciativas identificadas, esse diálogo continua não habitual nos dois países. Sugere-se que isso pode estar relacionado à corrente associação entre grupos pré-históricos e natureza, enquanto que em contextos recentes isso seria desconsiderado, diminuindo o interesse pelo estudo dessas relações em momentos históricos.
Utopía y realidad de turismo municipal en el estado de Nayarit
Authors:   Universidad Veracruzana, Alonso Iglesias Julio , Carlos Ulloa Coral Abisenia ,   Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit
Published: June 2023

This research seeks to analyze what is the tourist reality of the state of Nayarit and of each of the municipalities that make it up and in turn wants to know if municipal tourism is practiced correctly in the state. The main objective is to know the current state of tourist activity in the most important municipalities of said state to develop municipal tourism. A detailed investigation was carried out where various sources of consultation were used as a methodology, in which the use of the platform of the Institute of transparency and access to public information of the state of Nayarit stands out, and in turn a questionnaire was applied to the municipal tourism addresses. of said place. The information was processed and as a result it was obtained that in the state of Nayarit, municipal tourism has only been developed on the southern coast of the state, this is due to the polarization of tourism by the government and investors who have only focused on develop the Riviera Nayarit brand mainly in the municipality of Bahía de Banderas and in turn leaving aside the other municipalities of the state. As main findings it is obtained that in the state of Nayarit municipal tourism is not practiced correctly since there is a municipal administration focused on an optimal issue for tourism development, nor a plan on real development and no coordination against the different directions of the city council, to achieve advances in the matter of tourism; and the various municipalities do not have the trained personnel to direct the tourism directorates since they have little knowledge in tourism to prepare a good municipal tourism development plan.
A vida numa encruzilhada: jovens do ensino médio entre o desejo e a necessidade de projetar o futuro
Authors: Correa Licinia Maria , Cunha Maria Amália de Almeida
Published: June 2023

Este artigo elege como cenário de análise a implementação de um projeto de reorganização curricular no ensino médio na rede pública estadual de Minas Gerais que exige dos jovens para quem é endereçada essa política uma reconfiguração dos planos e um novo cálculo para prospectar o futuro, ancorado entre o desejo e a necessidade. Na análise, evidencia-se o quanto o ensino médio voltado aos grupos menos favorecidos tem sido instrumentalizado, a partir de uma semântica ancorada na ideia de “modernização” e “eficiência” da escola, aplicação de lógicas econômicas à pedagogia, o que sugere a transferência da razão do mercado para a escola. A metodologia empreendida combinou as abordagens “qualiquanti”, presentes tanto nos questionários aplicados quanto na realização de grupos focais com os jovens. Para analisar esta realidade factual, utilizou-se um referencial teórico que tem se debruçado sobre os tensionamentos do jovem e o mundo do trabalho.
Callogenesis of Moringa oleifera seed cotyledon
Authors: Haruna Aishatu , Aji Mohammed Bukar , Muhyiddeen Muazu , Abaka Ayuba Kalum
Published: June 2023

Moringa oleifera has gained much importance in the past two decades due to its multiple uses and benefits to agriculture and industries. All the parts of the moringa plant are used for medicinal and other purposes. The roots, flowers, bark, stem, leaves and seeds of moringa possess antimicrobial properties, and hence it’s being regarded as a miracle plant. Different combinations of growth hormones have been used for plant tissue culture studies in M. oleifera but the difficulty in predicting a suitable medium for callus induction using different growth regulators in different localities is a major challenge. Studying the effect of different concentrations of growth hormones on callus induction of M. oleifera seed cotyledon is necessary to develop a reliable protocol for callus induction which is a prerequisite for the source of new metabolites which are not present in the wild. The seed cotyledon of indigenous M. oleifera seeds was used as an explant for callus induction. Seeds were surface sterilized with 90% ethanol for 1 min, washed 3 times with sterilized distilled water, surface sterilized using 3.5% aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite containing few drops of Tween-20 for 10 min, followed by rinsing three times with sterile distilled water. The cotyledon explant was cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6- Benzyl amino purine (BAP), 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Callus formation was monitored for a period of 5 weeks. The highest callus formation (90%) occurred on medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP + 2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D + 0.5 mg/L NAA while the lowest callus formation (66%) was on medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP + 2.0 mg/L 2, 4-D + 1.0 mg/L NAA. There was no callus formation on the medium lacking plant growth hormones. The T2 and T4 hormone combination would provide the basis for callus culture for the production of bioactive compounds and further in vitro genetic transformation in M. oleifera.
Performance Comparison of Paraffin/Ethanol Fuel Blends in a Laboratory-Scale Hybrid Rocket Motor
Authors: Martins Paulo G. C. , de Souza Kesiany M. , Boschi Rene F. , Gouvêa Leonardo H. , Martins Cristiane. A.
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses the performance characteristics of a paraffin-based blend of liquid ethanol with paraffin as compared to pure paraffin in a hybrid rocket motor. Since the disclosure of the high regression rates of liquefying fuels as compared to classic fuels such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), many studies using paraffin have been reported in the literature. Although pure paraffin regresses three to four times faster than HTPB, it is not an ideal fuel for launcher applications for the following reasons: it does not provide the optimum mechanical strength, it may suffer from combustion instability, and it offers low combustion efficiency. The proposed blend is biphasic, with drops of liquid ethanol trapped in a paraffin binder; and a nonionic surfactant was employed to emulsify the ethanol into paraffin wax. The results indicated that at a mean prefiring [Formula: see text] of 0.6 and a [Formula: see text] of 60, both the P95E05 and P90E10 fuels demonstrated no significant statistical difference compared to pure paraffin in terms of thrust, specific impulse, fuel mass flow rate, characteristic velocity, and combustion efficiency. However, the P95E05 and P90E10 fuels did show damping in the pressure oscillations relative to paraffin, indicating a reduction in the low-frequency combustion instability observed in the ballistic responses of paraffin.
Quasi-Periodic Orbit Transfer Design via Whisker Intersection Sets
Authors: Henry Damennick B. , Scheeres Daniel J.
Published: June 2023

Impulsive maneuver design between quasi-periodic orbits (QPOs) remains a prevalent problem in astrodynamics. Challenges associated with the higher-dimensional nature of QPOs present difficulties when using existing approaches to design transfers between them. This paper establishes a methodology to abate these issues. Fundamental to the approach is the treatment of orbits as tori and their manifolds as the associated whiskers. Utilizing this formulation, intersection curves, surfaces, or volumes between the manifolds are computed leveraging a robust multiparameter continuation scheme. Intersections are then used to seed a multiple shooting scheme to compute transfer trajectories between a pair of orbits. The approach is applied in the Earth–moon circular restricted three-body problem. Numerical examples demonstrate the benefits of considering QPOs in the preliminary stage of trajectory design, showing that leveraging these higher-dimensional solutions offers reductions in propellant cost and transfer time when compared to their periodic counterparts.
Spatial Transformations for Reacting Gas Shock Tube Experiments
Authors: Clarke Justin , Di Mare Luca , McGilvray Matthew
Published: June 2023

Shock tube flows can be used to investigate nonequilibrium thermochemistry and radiative processes found in hypersonic flows. The flow in a shock tube contains many flow nonuniformities, in particular boundary-layer effects. For the purpose of studying the properties of the test slug, the flow behind the shock is usually considered analogous to the stagnation line flow over a blunt body. In reality, radial and longitudinal velocity distributions in the two flows are different, and so a coordinate transformation is needed to match time-of-flight profiles. This work develops a method to approximately transform the postshock distance for normal and blunt body shocks to a shock tube flow using a Mirels analysis. The effects of shock tube diameter and shock speed variation are highlighted along with the importance of postshock temperature and density rises. This is then applied to blunt body simulations of NASA EAST data for air and Titan tests. This showed that minimal difference is encountered for fast reacting flows. However, large differences can be seen in the slower reacting Titan tests, which to date have been misinterpreted when compared to blunt body simulations.
Characterization of Disturbance Resonance in Postshock of Blunt Body in Hypersonic Flow
Authors: Xiong Youde , Zhao Lei , Wu Jie
Published: June 2023

A pitot probe is commonly used for the disturbance quantification of a hypersonic freestream, but the pitot results cannot reflect the actual disturbance amplitudes due to the turbulence/shock-wave interactions as well as the disturbance resonances. In this work, we characterize the disturbance resonance in the postshock zone of a blunt body using both experimental and theoretical approaches. A one-dimensional interference model with four traveling sound waves is proposed to simulate the resonance phenomenon due to the reflection between the detached shock and the wall of the pitot probe. Subsequently, the total pressure fluctuation on the surface and the density fluctuation in the space along the centerline are investigated using a pressure sensor and a noninvasive focused laser differential interferometer. Both the experimental results and theoretical analysis show the resonance mechanism on the surface is dominated by the interference between the initial diverging sound wave and the shock-reflected sound wave. In contrast, the stationary wave formed by the initial diverging sound wave and the body-reflected wave plays a leading role in the space. Finally, an equation is proposed to approximate the destructive resonant frequency in the space.
Characterization of Slat Noise Radiation from a High-Lift Common Research Model
Authors: Humphreys William M. , Lockard David P. , Bahr Christopher J.
Published: June 2023

A test campaign was conducted in the open-jet test section of the NASA Langley Research Center’s 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel on a 10%-scale semispan version of the High-Lift Common Research Model incorporating a leading-edge slat, a trailing-edge flap, and removable high-fidelity main landing gear. Computational simulations were used to support the model development, provide important information such as load distributions along the high-lift elements, and aid in the design of noise reduction devices. Aerodynamic and far-field acoustic measurements were obtained on baseline and acoustically treated model configurations using an ensemble of time-averaged and unsteady surface pressure sensors paired with a traversing 97-microphone phased array viewing the pressure side of the airframe. A deconvolution method incorporating corrections for shear layer acoustic wave decorrelation was employed to determine the locations and strengths of relevant noise sources along the span of the slat and in the vicinity of the flap edges and landing gear. The main goal of the test campaign was to use the surface pressure and array data to evaluate the effectiveness of various slat noise reduction concepts. It was found that slat-gap fillers produced significant broadband noise reduction with minimal aerodynamic performance penalties for all Mach numbers and airfoil angles of attack that were investigated. The test campaign clearly demonstrated the noise reduction benefits that can be obtained by applying appropriate treatments to leading-edge slats on commercial transport-class aircraft.
Fluid–Thermal–Structure Interaction of Hypersonic Inlets Under Different Aspect Ratios
Authors: Su Wei-Yi , An Hang , Wang Mou-Yuan
Published: June 2023

It is crucial to consider the fluid–thermal–structural interaction (FTSI) in designing the scramjet inlet for sustained hypersonic flight. To understand the aerothermal and aeroelastic responses of the planar hypersonic inlets under different flight Mach numbers and aspect ratios, a three-dimensional FTSI framework was developed and validated. After that, the FTSI characteristics under different flight Mach numbers and aspect ratios were investigated. The result reveals that the most obvious horizontal displacement happens at the cowl lip leading edge, whereas the maximum vertical displacement takes place at the compression-ramp leading edge. The FTSI improves the capture area and generates an additional compression angle due to the different thermal expansions between the windward and leeward panels. The thermal expansion in the spanwise direction causes the cowl lip to hump into an arc, and the maximum height happens at the midplane. The effects of FTSI on the inlet flowfield, the mass flow rate, and the total pressure ratio under different flight Mach numbers and aspect ratios were obtained. Overall, the FTSI can improve the contraction ratio, the actual mass flow rate, and the pressure ratio while causing the total pressure ratio to decrease by up to 14.64%.
Youth With a Sport-Related Knee Injury Exhibit Significant and Persistent Knee-Related Quality-of-Life Deficits at 12-Month Follow-up Compared to Uninjured Peers
Authors: Le Christina Y. , Galarneau Jean-Michel , Filbay Stephanie R. , Emery Carolyn A. , Manns Patricia J. , Whittaker Jackie L.
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare knee-related quality of life (QOL) between youth with and without an intra-articular, sport-related knee injury at baseline (≤4 months postinjury), 6-month, and 12-month follow-up, and assess the association between clinical outcomes and knee-related QOL.

DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.

METHODS: We recruited 86 injured and 64 uninjured youth (similar age, sex, sport). Knee-related QOL was assessed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) QOL subscale. Linear mixed models (95% confidence interval [CI]; clustered on sex and sport) compared KOOS QOL between study groups over the study period, considering sex-based differences. We also explored the association of injury type (anterior cruciate ligament [ACL]/meniscus injury or other), knee extensor strength (dynamometry), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (accelerometer), intermittent knee pain (Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain [ICOAP] measure), and fear of reinjury (17-item Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia) with knee-related QOL.

RESULTS: Participant median (range) age was 16.4 (10.9-20.1) years, 67% were female, and 56% of injuries were ACL ruptures. Injured participants had lower mean KOOS QOL scores at baseline (−61.05; 95% CI: −67.56, −54.53), 6-month (−41.37; 95% CI: −47.94, −34.80), and 12-month (−33.34; 95% CI: −39.86, −26.82) follow-up, regardless of sex. Knee extensor strength (6- and 12-month follow-up), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (12-month follow-up), and ICOAP (all time points) were associated with KOOS QOL in injured youth. Additionally, having an ACL/meniscus injury and higher Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia scores were associated with worse KOOS QOL in injured youth.

CONCLUSION: Youth with a sport-related knee injury have significant, persistent knee-related QOL deficits at 12-month follow-up. Knee extensor strength, physical activity, pain, and fear of reinjury may contribute to knee-related QOL. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(8):480-489. Epub: 20 June 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11611
Selfish Genes and Moral Parasites / trans. from Engl. A. V. Nekhaev
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Nekhaev A. V.
Published: June 2023

The essay raises questions about the origins of altruistic behaviour. A proper understanding of such behaviours must take into account the evidence of our best biological theories, which indicate that in the animal world (including Homo Sapiens Sapiens) there is no place for genuine altruism. What we often mistakenly call ‘altruism’ is the result of selfish genes.
Agitation and propaganda work and fight against defeatist sentiments in Khanty-Mansiysk National District at initial stage of the Great Patriotic War
Authors:   Surgut State University, Leshukova E. V.
Published: June 2023

The study describes main aspects of the agitation and propaganda work of the authorities of the Khanty-Mansiysk National District and analyzes its impact on the socio-political conditions of life and behavior of the population at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. The source base of the study is the office documents of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, stored in the Historical Archive of the Omsk region and the State Archive of Socio-Political History of Tyumen region. The author comes to the conclusion that in the difficult conditions of the beginning of the war with Nazi Germany, the party leadership of the district showed determination and firmness in carrying out measures of a political and educational nature. The intensity and coherence of the work of the district’s party bodies in organizing rallies, meetings, lectures, talks, speeches and other forms of agitation and mass events contributed to strengthening the spiritual uplift of Ugra residents, neutralizing negative political sentiments, thereby ensuring the stability of the internal political situation in one of the rear areas of the country.
At the dawn of the White Movement (about A. S. Puchenkov’s monograph «The first year of the Volunteer Army: from the emergence of the “Alekseevskaya Organization” to the formation of the Armed Forces in the South of Russia (November 1917 – December 1918)»)
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical  University of Russia, Bazhanov D. A.
Published: June 2023

The author analyzes A. S. Puchenkov’s monograph «The first year of the Volunteer Army: from the emergence of the “Alekseevskaya Organization” to the formation of the Armed Forces in the South of Russia (November 1917– December 1918)». There is no doubt about the relevance of the plot chosen by A. S. Puchenkov, which is confirmed by the ongoing scientific discussion reflected in the monographs and articles analyzed by the researcher. The author’s balanced approach to the consideration of a number of complex issues of the Civil War in Russia is noted. He critically comprehends the causes and circumstances of the birth of the counterrevolution, and shows both the strengths and weaknesses of the emerging White Movement. The author concluded that the book by A. S. Puchenkov allows to get a comprehensive picture of the military and political formation of the White Movement in the South of Russia, highlights the main factors for the success of the counter-revolution in 1918, presents vivid portraits of its leaders, revealing their difficult relationships. Of particular importance is the disclosure of the role of the correlation of regional separatism and all-Russian state patriotism in the subsequent defeat of the Whites. Some critical notes that show the following ways of research on the basis of the Russian Civil War are made.
Why do we need indexicals in communication?
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Kozyreva O. A.
Published: June 2023

The article discusses the pragmatics of using indexicals in communication. I consider the thesis of the indispensability of indexicals from natural languages and the idea that indexicals cannot be reduced to other referential expressions such as descriptions and proper names. Usually, the thesis is supported by the role indexicals play in linguistic communication, making it easier for individuals. I criticize this line of argument by pointing out that indexical expressions can complicate communication as well. The reason for that is using indexicals instead of descriptions reduces the accuracy of information communicated in utterances.
Eruptive syringomas – An uncommon presentation in a male
Authors: Dhawan Sachin , Gakhar Akriti , Sharma Komal
Published: June 2023

Syringomas are benign adnexal tumors derived from the intraepidermal portion of eccrine glands. They are mostly found in young to middle aged women as asymptomatic (sometimes pruritic), soft, and yellowish-brown or skin-colored papules with bilaterally symmetrical distribution. The lesions have a predilection for periorbital area (primarily lower eyelids) and cheeks. A variant-eruptive syringoma presents as successive crops of disseminated lesions in atypical areas. There are very few reports of such cases. Therefore, we report this rare variant of syringoma in a male on an unusual site.
Quantifying Intermolecular Interactions in Asymmetric Peptide Organocatalysis as a Key Towards Understanding Selectivity
Authors: Nowag Jens , Brauser Matthias , Wende Raffael , Schreiner Peter , Thiele Christina M.
Published: June 2023

The kinetic resolution of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol with a lipophilic oligopeptide catalyst shows extraordinary selectivities. To improve our understanding of the factors governing selectivity, we quantified the Gibbs energies of interactions of the peptide with both enantiomers of trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diol using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For this we use advanced methods such as transverse relaxation (R2), diffusion measurements, saturation transfer difference (STD), and chemical shift (δ) analysis of peptide-diol mixtures upon varying their composition (NMR titrations). The methods employed give comparable and consistent results: The molecular recognition by the catalyst is approx. 3 kJmol−1 in favor of the preferentially acetylated (R,R)-enantiomer in the temperature range studied. Interestingly, the difference of 3 kJ mol−1 is also confirmed by results from reaction monitoring of the acylation step under catalytic conditions, indicating that this finding is true regardless of whether the investigation is performed on the acetylated species or on the free catalyst. To arrive at these conclusions the self-association of both catalyst and substrate in toluene were found to play an important role and thus need to be taken into account in reaction screening.
Identification, heterologous expression, and characterization of the tolypodiol biosynthetic gene cluster through an integrated approach.
Authors: Back Daniel , O'Donnell Timothy J. , Axt Kyle , Gurr Joshua , Vanegas Juan , Williams Philip , Philmus Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Cyanobacteria are tremendous producers of biologically active natural products including the potent anti-inflammatory compound tolypodiol. However, linking biosynthetic gene clusters with compound production in cyanobacteria has lagged behind other bacterial genera. Tolypodiol is a meroterpenoid originally isolated from the cyanobacterium HT-58-2. Here we describe the identification of the tolypodiol biosynthetic gene cluster through heterologous expression in Anabaena, and in vitro protein assays of a methyltransferase found in the tolypodiol biosynthetic gene cluster. We have also identified similar biosynthetic gene clusters in cyanobacterial and actinobacterial genomes suggesting that meroterpenoids with structural similarity to the tolypodiols may be synthesized by other microbes. We also report the identification of two new analogs of tolypodiol that we have identified in both the original and heterologous producer. This work further illustrates the usefulness of Anabaena as a heterologous expression host for cyanobacterial compounds and how integrated approaches can help link natural product compounds with their producing biosynthetic gene clusters.
The ‘other’ in the context of everyday life in Kaurismäki’s Le Havre and The Other Side of Hope
Authors: ENGÜR Merve , ELMACI Tuğba
Published: June 2023

The cinema of Aki Kaurismäki has a special place in world cinema as the synergy of the oppressed and the rabble. Le Havre and The Other Side of Hope, which belong to the unfinished Harbor Town Trilogy of Aki Kaurismäki, are important films of the director on refugee others. Both films aimed to destroy the perception of immigration and the hate speech that Western societies develop by marginalizing ethnicity from a humanist focus. Kaurismäki’s approach coincides with the theories of Michel de Certeau and Erving Goffman, based on the fact that social actors develop tactics in the face of powers. The local others, who stand in solidarity with the refugee others, are De Certeau’s dishonest and unclear tacticians against authority. Moreover, these perpetrators find partners in crime within the strategy and use the system to their advantage. Kaurismäki has built a strong narrative, that escaping from power will make a humanistic world order possible, by applying all the tactics to his characters. As basic analysis methods; Lacanian psychoanalysis was used to examine the others of the cinema of Kaurismäki and the sociological criticism approach was used to analyze the actions of others in everyday life.
A Tarso model for studying the level of the Cuiabá river
Authors: Monteiro Bianchi Lucas , Oliveira Anderson Castro Soares de , Resende Gonçalves Luciene , Hanna Martins Morita Lia
Published: June 2023

The Cuiabá River registers cyclical occurrences of floods and droughts over the years, according to the hydrological periods, thus characterizing a non-linear behavior. The prediction of the level of the Cuiabá river is important to help institutions such as the Civil Defense of the state of Mato Grosso and many other institutions that are concerned with the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters. Thus, this study considered the nonlinear Threshold Autoregressive Self-Excking Open-loop (TARSO) model with 2 regimes, with a Bayesian approach. We tested models to which values of the linimetric quota (riverwater level in millimeters) with and without rainfall (mm) were associated. All models were compared using the lowest DIC, MAPE and MSE criterion, and the TARSO (2; 1, 0, 3, 1, 1) model performed best according to these criteria. Finally, the selected model was shown to produce reliable predictions.
Традиційна стрільба з лука як специфічна форма рухової активності японців
Authors: Vynogradsky Bohdan , Vynogradsky Bohdan , Ostrovsky Mykhailo
Published: June 2023

Актуальність дослідження полягає у важливості японської національної (традиційної) стрільби з лука як форми рухової активності в житті японців, оскільки систематизованої інформації в українському сегменті в мережі «Інтернет» обмаль із цього напряму. Мета – подати цілісний аналіз особливостей становлення та розвитку японської національної (традиційної) стрільби з лука. Методи дослідження – аналіз наукової та методичної літератури, теоретичний аналіз й узагальнення, системний аналіз та елементи історичних методів досліджень, зокрема методу періодизації, історико-порівняльного, історико-системного й історико-типологіч- ного методів. Результати дослідження. Запропоновано хронологічну таблицю виникнення та розвитку японської національної стрільби з лука. Установлено, що стрільба з лука в житті японців мала й має особливе значення, зокрема як форма тренувань, спосіб розваг, символи в релігійних обрядах та дійствах, як спосіб фізичного й духовного вдосконалення людини, засіб рухової активності та спорту. У статті описано загальну будову японського традиційного лука юмі. Проаналізовано особливості традиційних видів стрільби з лука, а саме: кюдо, шихан мато, ябусаме, інуомоно, касаґаке. Охарактеризовано ті види стрільби, які практикують і тепер, зокрема в деяких японських державних школах, позакласних клубах із кюдо, у традиційних школах рюха. Описано роботу міжнародних організацій кюдо, завдяки яким уніфіковано загальні правила та прове- дення змагання різного рівня. Висновки. Стрільба з лука як форма рухової активності посідала й надалі посідає визначне місце у формуванні народних традицій японців. Установлено, що традиційна стрільба з лука (кюдо) має широке використання у всіх сферах життєдіяльності японців як засіб формування тілесності та духовності людини, спорт, релігійні обряди, засоби для розваг тощо. Існує необхідність визначити перспективність використання кюдо у світі та Україні.