bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PenerapanModel Family-CenteredNursingTerhadap Pelaksanaan Tugas Kesehatan Keluarga Dalam Pencegahan ISPA Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja PuskesmasSimpang Tiga Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Erlinda Vitria
Published: December 2023

Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di dunia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan masih tingginya angka kesakitan dan kematian karena ISPA, terutama pada bayi dan anak usia dibawah lima tahun. Penerapan model pemberdayaan berbasis keluarga : familycentered nursing merupakan intervensi keperawatan yang mendukung pelaksanaan tugas kesehatan keluarga dalam pencegahan ISPA. Kemampuan keluarga dalam melaksanakan tugas kesehatan keluarga sangat diperlukan, agar keluarga dapat mencegah terjadinya ISPA pada balita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan family-centered nursing terhadap pelaksanaan tugas kesehatan keluarga dalam pencegahan ISPA di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Aceh Besar.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, desain penelitian menggunakan metode pre-eksperimental design dengan rancanganone group pre andposttest design without control group. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh keluarga yang memiliki balita yang mengalami ISPA dan berobat ke Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Aceh Besar pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2014 yang berjumlah 33 keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perubahan signifikan dalam kemampuan keluarga untuk mengenal masalah ISPA sebelum dan sesudah penerapan family centered nursing dengan nilai (p 0,00); ada perubahan yang signifikan dalam pengambilan keputusan tindakan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan family centered nursing dengan nilai (p 0,00); ada perubahan yang signifikan dalam merawat anggota keluarga yang sakit sebelum dan sesudah penerapan family centered nursing dengan nilai (p0,00), ada perubahan yang signifikan dalam memodifikasi lingkungan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan family centered nursing dengan nilai (p 0,001) dan ada perubahan yang signifikan dalam memanfaatkan fasilitas kesehatan sebelum dan sesudah penerapan family centered nursing dengan nilai (p0,00). Penerapan family centered nursing dapat mempengaruhi kemandirian keluarga dalam pelaksanaan tugas kesehatan keluarga dalam pencegahan ISPA di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Kabupaten Aceh Besar.
Patentabilitas Antibakteri Dari Tanaman Garcinia
Authors: Utami, S.Si, M.Si Sri
Published: December 2023

Garcinia merupakan tanaman khas daerah tropis yang memiliki banyak manfaat. Manfaat ini telah diperoleh dari pengalaman empiris masyarakat setempat yang telah menggunakan buahnya sebagai makanan dalam bentuk buah-buahan, bumbu dapur, maupun sebagai obat untuk penyakit-penyakit tertentu. Penelitian terhadap kandungan senyawa kimia dari tanaman tersebut telah banyak dilakukan. Bahkan, beberapa komposisi maupun formulasinya telah menghasilkan paten, dan produknya telah banyak beredar di pasaran. Untuk menghasilkan paten yang dimulai dari penelitian memerlukan waktu yang cukup panjang.
Faktor-faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita di Puskesmas Susunan Kota Bandar Lampung Tahun 2012
Authors: Adawiyah Rosbiatul
Published: December 2023

Pneumonia merupakan pembunuh utama anak dibawah usia lima tahun (balita) di dunia, lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan penyakit lain seperti AIDS, Malaria dan Campak. Namun, belum banyak perhatian terhadap penyakit ini. Di dunia, dari 9 juta kematian balita lebih dari 2 juta balita meninggal setiap tahun akibat pneumonia atau sama dengan 4 balita meninggal setiap menitnya. Dari lima kematian balita, satu diantaranya disebabkan pneumonia. Di Puskesmas Susunan Baru pada bulan Februari 2012 terjadi 1 (satu) kematian balita akibat pneumonia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Pneumonia pada Balita di Puskesmas Susunan Kota Bandar Lampung Tahun 2012. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan mengguna-kan desain studi case control, dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-Nopember 2012 pada 130 balita yang tediri 65 kasus dan 65 kontrol di Puskesmas Susunan Baru yang dipilih sebagai sampel. Variabel dependen adalah kejadian Pneumonia pada balita, sedangkan variabel Independen adalah umur balita, status gizi balita, kelengkapan status imunisasi, pemberian Vitamin A, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, pendidikan ibu, dan asap pembakaran keluarga. Analisa data secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan ada pengaruh kelengkapan status imunisasi, pemberian Vitamin A, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, dan asap pembakaran keluarga dengan kejadian Pneumonia pada balita. Variabel yang merupakan faktor paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap kejadian Pneumonia pada balita adalah asap pembakaran keluarga setelah dikontrol variabel kelengkapan status imunisasi, pemberian Vitamin A, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, dan pendidikan ibu, dengan nilai OR = 13,363 yang berarti balita dengan asap pembakaran keluarga yang tidak baik akan berisiko terkena Pneumonia 13 kali lebih tinggi di-bandingkan balita dengan asap pembakaran keluarga yang baik. Saran yang dapat penulis berikan adalah perlu dilakukan pendekatan secara komprehensif dalam menurunkan kasus Pneumonia balita melalui pendekatan dan advokasi ke legislatif untuk mengalokasikan pembiayaan untuk pembuatan leaflet, poster, tentang bahaya asap pembakaran keluarga dan asap rokok bagi kesehatan balita.
Potensi Kurkumin Sebagai Bahan Anti Fertilitas
Authors: Purwaningsih, MS, PA Endang
Published: December 2023

Kunyit (Curcuma longa, Linn) merupakan salah satu herbal yang sering digunakan sebagai bumbu, pengawet maupun pewarna makanan. Senyawa utama ekstrak kunyit adalah kurkumin.yang memberikan warna kuning yang khas. Telah banyak dilakukan penelitian yang berkaitan dengan efek biologik dan aksi farmakologiknya, seperti antiinflamasi, antikanker, antioksidan  dan antifertilitas.Dalam makalah ini akan dipaparkan mengenai efek kurkumin terhadap sistem reproduksi, khususnya sebagai antiferlitas. Pada sistem reproduksi pria/jantan kurkumin menghambat kualitas spema seperti motilitas, viabilitas sperma, kapasitasi, reaksi akrosom, dan meningkatkan morfologi sperma abnormal. Kurkumin juga dapat melindungi dampak negatif alkohol, potasium dikromat, kadmium, metronidazol terhadap testis, kualitas sperma dan produksi hormon testosteron. Pada sistem reproduksi wanita/betina kurkumin dapat menghambat ovulasi, implantasi, dan produksi hormon FSH, LH, estrogen maupun progesteron. Selain itu kurkumin dapat memblok siklus estrus dan menimbulkan perubahan biokimiawi pada cairan uterus. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kurkumin memiliki potensi dalam pengendalian kesuburan khususnya sebagai bahan antifertilitas baik pria maupunwanita. Efek antifertilitas kurkumin bersifat reversibel.
Kentsel Dönüşüm Süreçlerinin İzmir’deki Cemevleri Üzerine Olası Etkileri
Authors: Kaygusuz Gülcan , Kaygalak İrfan
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışma, İzmir anakent örneğinde kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin ve uygulama süreçlerinin cemevleri üzerine olan olası etkisine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın temel iddiası, neoliberal kentleşmenin cemevlerinin üretimini ve yapımını zorlaştırdığı yönündedir. Çalışma, cemevlerinin kuruluş öyküsüne odaklanmakta; geçmiş dönem ile güncel kentleşme dinamiklerinin cemevinin üretimi açısından gösterdiği farklılaşmaya dikkat çekmektedir. Ayrıca Aleviliğin kamusal görünürlüğünün sembolik ve simgesel yeni mekânları olarak cemevlerinin ortaya çıkış nedenleri tarihsel bağlamıyla ele alınmakta ve temsil mekânı olarak değişen anlamına dikkat çekilmektedir. Çalışmanın saha bulguları, 2000 yılı öncesinde göç ve hızlı kentleşmenin beraberinde getirdiği enformel dayanışma ilişkilerinin cemevi için gerekli maddi ve sosyal kaynakları mümkün kıldığını ancak yeni kentleşme modeli ile beraber bu maddi ve sosyal kaynakların işlevsiz kaldığını göstermektedir. Kent toprağının metalaşmasıyla artan piyasa baskısı, kentsel dönüşüm projelerinin çoğunlukla merkezi hükümet kanallarıyla gerçekleştirilmesi ve muhafazakâr kent inşasına dönük güçlenen ulusal siyasetin varlığı gibi gelişmeler altında söz konusu bu maddi ve sosyal sermaye kaynaklarının işlevsiz kaldığını, cemevlerinin üretiminin zorlaştığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Reconsidering the Legal Dimension of Migration in the Triangle of Immigrant Identity and Belonging
Authors: Güçlüten Çağrı
Published: December 2023

Migration as a global phenomenon has become a pivotal and global concept, substantially impacting societies worldwide. The paper explores the multifaceted nature of belonging and the various challenges and opportunities immigrants encounter in their pursuit of becoming integral members of their adopted societies and accordingly delves into the complex interplay of factors surrounding immigrants' sense of belonging, evolving identities, and their pursuit of citizenship in the context of law in their new host countries. Furthermore, as the concept of "citizenship" represents an individual's bond with a specific state and the acceptance of associated rights and responsibilities. Due to these reasons, this paper also investigates the challenges immigrants face in obtaining citizenship and the implications this has on their sense of belonging and identity. Based on a literature review and survey method, this study was processed and analyzed. As a result of the research, it was concluded that when settling in a new country, immigrants face both the desire to preserve their culture of origin and the need to adapt to the values and norms of the new society. At this point, belonging refers to the extent to which immigrants feel they belong to a group or community.
EFFECTIVENESS OF USING MONOPOLY GAME TO TEACH VOCABULARY AT SMP NAHDLATUTH THALABAH
Authors: Windyasih Vrischa Ayu , Fajarina Maskhurin
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted to overcome the problems faced by students in learning English, especially in learning vocabulary mastery in class VIID of SMP Nahdlatuth Thalabah. Applying monopoly games as learning media is one solution to overcome these problems. Using monopoly games in learning can make the atmosphere in the classroom livelier, so that students are more interested in learning vocabulary mastery. The objectives of the study are to find out: 1) The studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery before using monopoly game. 2) The studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery after using monopoly game. 3) The difference of studentsâ€™ vocabulary mastery between before and after being given treatment using monopoly game. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of research Pre-Experimental Design. The instrument used in this study was a test consisting of a pretest and posttest. The result of this research is that monopoly game is effectively used in learning vocabulary mastery. This effectiveness can be known through the results of student scores. In the pretest, the average value of class VIID students was 47.50. After being treated using a monopoly game, the average posttest score of class VIID students was 58.50. Based on the Paired Sample T Test, it is known that the value of Sig. (2 tailed) of 0.000 <0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between vocabulary mastery in the pretest and posttest data of Class VIID students at SMP Nahdlatuth Thalabah.
Quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: December 2023

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in hidden dimensions, which provides the basis and background for the gravitational force through the curvature of space-time. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is considered a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, which makes the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between the Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space. Mathematically, this electrostatic repulsion is related to the Hubble constant to explain the accelerated expansion, dark energy, and increase in the cosmological potential energy of matter.
Language Sciences Annual Symposium poster slam
Authors: Durkin Jane
Published: December 2023

In the poster slam, poster presenters have one minute and one slide to tell the audience about their poster. Chaired by Chara Triantafyllidou, from University of Cambridge Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics.
Terahertz focusing blazed diffractive optical elements for frequency demultiplexing
Authors: Kaluza Mateusz , Komorowski Paweł , Zagrajek Przemysław , Siemion Agnieszka
Published: December 2023

This study presents the novel optical passive components for spatial frequency division demultiplexing of terahertz (THz) radiation. Four different diffractive optical elements (DOEs) were designed as the combination of phase kinoform lenses and phase blazed diffraction gratings. The designed structures were verified in numerical simulations and they showed the promising results. Subsequently, they were manufactured using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technology from highly transparent cyclic olefin copolymer (COC). The manufactured structures were examined in the experimental setup. The results matched numerical simulations. Thus, eight frequencies in the range from 150 GHz to 220 GHz every 10 GHz were spatially separated. The novel design solution guaranteed 63% higher relative efficiency compared to the reference DOE. The presented study can be suitable as the application for 6G technology telecommunication systems as the spatial frequency division demultiplexing component for the THz radiation band.
Traits of weed species present in maize respond to tillage and cropping systems
Authors: Bensch Johanna , Pannwitt Heike , Gerowitt Bärbel
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Arable weeds adapt to any changes in disturbance and management. On arable fields, tilling disturbs the soil, while cropping practices like rotation, pesticide use, fertilizer use, and the use of subsidiary crops characterize the management of the field. On a species level, weeds adapt in their abundance and composition. The species have certain traits to use the on-site resources best. Our objective was to investigate if traits beyond just species describe the adaptation of weeds to tillage and cropping systems. Therefore, we present a use case of weeds on fields cropped with maize in Germany.

Material and methods

Over 2 years, we conducted a nationwide weed survey on 577 maize fields. On each field, the abundance of each weed species was counted on 10 randomly sampled square plots of 0.1 m² not treated with herbicides at the fourth to eighth leaf stages of the maize. Weed species frequent on at least 5% of the fields were assigned traits. Traits were taken from published updated databases. We interviewed all farmers about the management practices of their fields.

Results

The management practice data identified three management clusters of tillage and cropping sequence on maize fields. The standard system so far is a management system characterized by inversion tillage and maize cropped in rotations (“Traditional”). The two transformation systems are maize cropped in rotations but with non-inversion tillage as the method of soil disturbance (“Conservational”) and maize cropped continuously regardless of the tillage system (“Monoculture”). Ordination techniques showed that both weed species and traits are assigned to these management systems. Traditional disfavored weed species with a greater plant height. Conservational selected dicot weed species with a high seed weight and a long flowering duration. Monoculture mainly filtered monocot weed species and favored weeds that germinate in spring.

Discussion

Our study describes weed responses on transformations of maize cropping in tillage and cropping systems on both the species and the trait level. This application expresses the importance and value of collecting weed surveys with field management data on a geographically widespread and repeated timescale.
The implied views of bond traders on the spot equity market
Authors: He Yifan , Hu Yuan , Rachev Svetlozar
Published: December 2023

This study delves into the temporal dynamics within the equity market through the lens of bond traders. Recognizing that the riskless interest rate fluctuates over time, we leverage the Black-Derman-Toy model to trace its temporal evolution. To gain insights from a bond trader's perspective, we focus on a specific type of bond: the zero-coupon bond. This paper introduces a pricing algorithm for this bond and presents a formula that can be used to ascertain its real value. By constructing an equation that juxtaposes the theoretical value of a zero-coupon bond with its actual value, we can deduce the risk-neutral probability. It is noteworthy that the risk-neutral probability correlates with variables like the instantaneous mean return, instantaneous volatility, and inherent upturn probability in the equity market. Examining these relationships enables us to discern the temporal shifts in these parameters. Our findings suggest that the mean starts at a negative value, eventually plateauing at a consistent level. The volatility, on the other hand, initially has a minimal positive value, peaks swiftly, and then stabilizes. Lastly, the upturn probability is initially significantly high, plunges rapidly, and ultimately reaches equilibrium.
The effect of yeast-derived β-glucans in reducing the adverse outcome of Lawsonia intracellularis in finishing pigs
Authors: Rhayat Lamya , Even Gaël , Kiros Tadele G. , Kuhn Géraldine , Lebrun-Ruer Ségolène , Audebert Christophe , Schulthess Julie
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Chronic diarrhoea is one of the most recurrent health issues in pig herds. Among Q9 the causative agents of diarrhoea, Lawsonia intracellularis is quite frequent with worldwide distribution leading to detrimental economical losses, as a result of the poor growth rate of the infected pigs. A growing body of evidence has shown that branched yeast b-glucans are excellent inducers of innate immunity memory in humans and in pigs.

Methods

In this study, yeast branched b-glucans were evaluated as a potential solution to control infection by L. intracellularis in pigs by reducing the shedding of L. intracellularis in the faeces of infected animals. To address this hypothesis, naturally infected grow finishing pigs were divided into two treatment groups (n=80) and fed either with a basal diet (Control) or the same basal diet supplemented with 250 g/ton b-glucans (BG-fed group).

Results

Our results have shown that BG-supplemented pigs during the growing and finishing period had significantly increased body weight (BW) by 4.22 kg on average on day 97 and ADG up to 5.6% over the whole experiment (p<5.0 x 10-2) with no significant increase in ADFI. Similarly, supplementation of pigs with BG during the grow-finish phase has significantly reduced (p<4.0x10-4) faecal shedding of the bacteria in infected pigs on day 97. Furthermore, our results indicate that microbial a-diversity was negatively correlated with the presence of L. intracellularis. Animals fed with yeast BG show a reduction of the two genera Sarcina and Catenibacterium and a deeper analysis indicated that the ratio of Fibrobacter to Lacnospiraceae_AC2044 group could be a potential marker for L. Intracellularis susceptibility.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the beneficial effect of adding branched yeast BG in the diet of grow-finish pigs in reducing the dissemination of L. intracellularis between pigs in a given herd.
Alterations in energy balance and the antioxidant system due to heat stress: focus on animal production
Authors: Montesinos-Cruz Veronica , Parra Forero Lyda Yuliana , García Contreras Adelfa del Carmen
Published: December 2023

In areas where the ambient temperature is above the thermoneutral zone, the economic loss from animals for human consumption, such as pigs, is worrying. Heat Stress (HS) increases body temperature and causes a subsequent reduction in feed intake. This reduction results in the loss of essential nutrients, such as amino acids, which are crucial for growth rate and the activation of vital biochemical mechanisms. However, the effects of HS on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the activation of mechanisms such as the antioxidant system associated with nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like-2 (Nrf2), energy balance, protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis have received limited attention. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review of the existing evidence regarding the significance of nutritional components and their association with HS. We particularly emphasize ROS generation, mitochondrial alterations, and the activation of Nrf2, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways in response to the disruption of homeostasis.
Association between gut microbiota and NAFLD/NASH: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhai Qilong , Wu Hongyu , Zheng Siyuan , Zhong Tao , Du Changjie , Yuan Jiajun , Peng Jialun , Cai Can , Li Jinzheng
Published: December 2023

Background

Recent studies have suggested a relationship between gut microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the nature and direction of this potential causal relationship are still unclear. This study used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to clarify the potential causal links.

Methods

Summary-level Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) statistical data for gut microbiota and NAFLD/NASH were obtained from MiBioGen and FinnGen respectively. The MR analyses were performed mainly using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, with sensitivity analyses conducted to verify the robustness. Additionally, reverse MR analyses were performed to examine any potential reverse causal associations.

Results

Our analysis, primarily based on the IVW method, strongly supports the existence of causal relationships between four microbial taxa and NAFLD, and four taxa with NASH. Specifically, associations were observed between Enterobacteriales (P =0.04), Enterobacteriaceae (P =0.04), Lachnospiraceae UCG-004 (P =0.02), and Prevotella9 (P =0.04) and increased risk of NAFLD. Dorea (P =0.03) and Veillonella (P =0.04) could increase the risks of NASH while Oscillospira (P =0.04) and Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 (P=0.005) could decrease them. We also identified that NAFLD was found to potentially cause an increased abundance in Holdemania (P =0.007) and Ruminococcus2 (P =0.002). However, we found no evidence of reverse causation in the microbial taxa associations with NASH.

Conclusion

This study identified several specific gut microbiota that are causally related to NAFLD and NASH. Observations herein may provide promising theoretical groundwork for potential prevention and treatment strategies for NAFLD and its progression to NASH in future.
Rethinking perception and cognition in the digital environment
Authors: Kirjakovski Atanas
Published: December 2023

Undoubtedly, the future of humanity is digital. As we transition into this new technological era, we are confronted with many uncertainties. The digital environment, a relatively recent phenomenon, differs both qualitatively and quantitatively from other natural and social environments. Its ubiquity and rapid evolution, along with the ease of automating and replicating digital code, set the stage for significant impacts on human cognition and perception. This article conceptually explores the general characteristics of the digital environment, highlights its significance and relevance to cognitive science, summarizes a range of recent findings on the effects of digital technology on our cognitive and perceptual processes, and concludes with several hypotheses about the evolution of our minds in the digital future.
The role of social and political factors in the success of rewilding projects
Authors: Weber Hertel Sarah , Luther David
Published: December 2023

The ecological aspects behind the success and failure of rewilding projects have been looked at in literature and case studies, but rarely have sociopolitical factors been included in these classifications. To truly determine which factors lead to success in rewilding projects, inclusive of sociopolitical factors, we created global models that analyze 120 case studies from IUCN’s “Global Re-introduction Perspectives” that fit under IUCN’s definition of rewilding. Models included the ten guiding principles for rewilding from IUCN’s Rewilding Thematic Group, success factors, and threats to success as defined from existing literature. We measured the self-reported “level of success” from the case report examples against the guiding principles, success factors and threats to determine which were more likely to be associated with successful rewilding projects. Local awareness of the benefits of rewilding and illustrating a proof of concept of rewilding were the factors that were most strongly associated with higher levels of success in rewilding projects, as self-reported by case report authors, as well as Guiding Principle 9 “rewilding recognizes the intrinsic value of all species”. Our results indicate that both ecological and sociopolitical factors are critical to successful rewilding projects and both need to be accounted for and included in future planning of rewilding projects to maximize the possibility of successful rewilding.
Global research status analysis of the association between aortic aneurysm and inflammation: a bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2023
Authors: Wang Qiuguo , Chen Guihuan , Qi Zhen , Zeng Yifan , Tan Ling , Tang Hao
Published: December 2023

Background

Aortic aneurysm is a chronic arterial disease that can lead to aortic rupture, causing severe complications and life-threatening risks for patients, and it is one of the common causes of death among the elderly. Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation plays an important role in the progression of aortic aneurysm. However, there is a lack of literature-based quantitative analysis in this field.

Methods

Up to March 30, 2023, we collected 3,993 articles related to aortic aneurysm and inflammation from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for bibliometric analysis. The collected literature data were subjected to visual analysis of regional distribution, institutions, authors, keywords, and other information using tools such as CiteSpace, VOSviewer, the R package “bibliometric,” and online platforms.

Results

The number of publications in this research field has been steadily increasing each year, with the United States and China being the main contributing countries. Harvard University in the United States emerged as the most active and influential research institution in this field. Jonathan Golledge and Peter Libby were identified as the authors with the highest publication output and academic impact, respectively. Researchers in this field tend to publish their findings in influential journals such as the Journal of Vascular Surgery and Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. “Abdominal aortic aneurysm,” “giant cell arteritis,” “arterial stiffness,” and “smooth muscle cells” were identified as the hottest topics in the field of aortic aneurysm and inflammation. In terms of keyword co-occurrence analysis, “Clinical relevant studies of AA“ (red), “Inflammatory activation” (green), “Inflammatory mechanisms related to pathogenesis” (dark blue), “Cytokines” (yellow), “Risk factors” (purple), and “Pathological changes in vascular wall” (cyan) formed the major research framework in this field. “Inflammation-related pathogenesis” and “inflammation activation” have emerged as recent hot research directions, with “monocytes,” “progression,” and “proliferation” being the prominent topics.

Conclusion

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the knowledge network framework and research hotspots in the field of aortic aneurysm and inflammation through a literature-based quantitative approach. It offers valuable insights to guide scholars in identifying meaningful research directions in this field.
Case Report: Double chimney in valve-in-valve procedures for high-risk coronary obstruction
Authors: Cook Selma T. , Togni Mario , Cook Stéphane
Published: December 2023

The chimney technique has been utilized to minimize the risk of coronary artery obstruction during valve-in-valve procedures. Here, we present a case involving an 89-year-old female patient with low coronary ostia, severe aortic regurgitation, and intractable heart decompensation caused by degenerated aortic bioprosthesis. The patient underwent a successful transcatheter aortic valve implantation procedure using the chimney technique in both coronary ostia.
Research on service quality of professional education based on the PZB service quality model
Authors: Deng Xuejun , Liu Liang , Liu Xiaojun
Published: December 2023

With the arrival of Internet technology and the information era, China’s higher education has entered a new stage of development. In this context, new learning methods represented by “Internet+” have gradually emerged and rapidly spread, and traditional classroom teaching is facing a huge impact. At the same time, more and more students choose to learn independently through online courses due to resource constraints, time and space. This new learning method has posed a great challenge to the traditional education concept. Therefore, how to improve the quality of college education services has become one of the urgent problems to be solved at present. In this paper, from the perspective of service quality of college education, it is of practical significance to apply the theory of hybrid service quality to college hybrid education to explore its service quality improvement strategy. In this paper, the application of the PZB service quality model in professional education teaching is studied and discussed by using the methods of literature, mathematical statistics, and logical analysis. In this paper, the structure of the service quality evaluation system, influencing factors and results analysis, and the summary of improvement suggestions are deeply analyzed.
Review of reactor conceptual design and thermal hydraulic characteristics for heat pipe in nuclear systems
Authors: Wang Enpei , Ren Tingwei , Li Lei
Published: December 2023

Heat pipe cooled reactors (HPCRs) have broad application prospects due to their advantages, such as high power density, compact structure, lower cost, and easy modular assembly. Numerous countries have engaged in extensive research and development of HPCR conceptual designs. The heat from the reactor is removed by high temperature heat pipes (HTHPs), which generally employ alkali metals as the working fluid, such as potassium, sodium, and lithium. Understanding the thermal-hydraulic performance of HTHPs is essential for the safe and efficient operation of a reactor. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of HPCR conceptual designs developed by various countries in recent years. The research progress of HTHPs on flow and heat transfer performance is reviewed, with an emphasis on both transient and steady-state characteristics. Research progress, as well as the issues that need to be focused on in future research, are discussed in detail.
Emergency frequency control strategy of distribution system based on the coordination of multi-resource
Authors: Shen Zeyuan , Wang Chao , Wang Yao , Zhao Haibo , Wu Zhong , Hu Ende
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The urban distribution system plays a crucial role in efficient power distribution within urban areas. The increasing frequency and intensity of extreme events in recent years pose significant challenges to the reliable operation of urban distribution systems. While extensive research focuses on emergency frequency control strategies for large-scale power grids, there is a need for targeted attention to address the emergency frequency control challenges arising when the urban distribution system becomes isolated from the superior power grid due to extreme events.

Methods: This paper aims to enhance the system's resilience to extreme events by investigating the coordinated regulation of various resources within the urban distribution system. The studied resources include synchronous generators, wind farms, battery energy storage systems, temperature control loads, and conventional load resources. A reduced-order model for the multi-resource system’s frequency response is established. Analytical expressions for key parameters, including the lowest system frequency, lowest point time, and quasi-steady state frequency, are derived.

Results: To address the challenge of multi-resource coordinated regulation, an emergency frequency control strategy is proposed. This strategy takes into account the system safety frequency constraint, resource control amount constraint, and line power flow constraint. Simulations are conducted using the MATLAB/Simulink platform, considering IEEE 13 bus and IEEE 33 bus distribution systems as test cases.

Discussion: Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in regulating the distribution system's resources, ensuring that the lowest frequency remains within the safety threshold of 49.8 Hz. Moreover, the proposed method minimizes control costs and limits load shedding, thereby fully leveraging the capabilities of diverse resources in the urban distribution system. This research contributes valuable insights into addressing emergency frequency control challenges in urban distribution systems during extreme events.
Effects of liquid water on transport in the catalyst layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Min Ting , Zhou Qiang
Published: December 2023

Catalyst layers (CLs) of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) where the electrochemical reactions take place have a critical effect on the cell performance and liquid water forming in CLs during operation can influence the reactive transport processes which is challenge for experimental observation due to the temporal and spatial limitation. In this study, nanoscale structures of CLs in PEMFCs are reconstructed with pores, carbon, platinum (Pt) particles, and ionomers fully resolved. Distributions of liquid water with different saturations and wettabilities within nanoscale structures are simulated by the lattice Boltzmann method. Pore-scale modeling of oxygen reactive transport in the nanoscale structures is implemented, with oxygen diffusion in pores and ionomers, as well as an electrochemical reaction at the Pt surface considered. Effects of liquid water on the pore size distribution, electrochemical area, and oxygen concentration distribution are discussed. Liquid water in hydrophilic CL tends to form a film covering the reactive sites, while that in hydrophobic CL forms a droplet preferentially occupying large pores. For the hydrophilic case, local transport resistance increases significantly under a low saturation, while for the hydrophobic case, a remarkable increase in the local transport resistance can only be found after liquid water saturation higher than 0.8. Finally, the conjecture that liquid water in pores with a size smaller than a threshold pore size can conduct protons is considered. Different values of the threshold pore size are studied. The results show that when the threshold value is greater than 10 nm, the local transport resistance will decrease as the liquid water saturation increases, which means the optimizing strategy of CL needs to carefully consider the effects of liquid water.
How does land use change affect the methane emission of soil in the Eastern Amazon?
Authors: Lage Filho Nauara Moura , Cardoso Abmael da Silva , Azevedo Jorge Cardoso de , Macedo Vitor Hugo Maués , Domingues Felipe Nogueira , Faturi Cristian , Silva Thiago Carvalho da , Ruggieri Ana Cláudia , Reis Ricardo Andrade , do Rêgo Aníbal Coutinho
Published: December 2023

Methane emissions (CH4) from the soil increase according to changes made in forest soils and adverse edaphoclimatic factors. Soil temperature and nutrients will impact the activity of microorganisms, depending on land use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of land use, temperature, and nitrogen application on CH4 emissions from soils within the Amazon region. Three experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Each experiment consisted of five replicates to measure CH4 emissions. The variables examined in these experiments were: 1) three distinct land uses (forest, pasture, or agriculture; 2) soil temperatures (25, 30, 35, or 40°C); and 3) input of nitrogen to the soil (0, 90, 180, or 270 kg of N ha−1). In this study, the highest emissions occurred in pasture soils, with values of 470 μg of CH4 g−1 of dry soil, while forest and agricultural soils suffer the effects of CH4 oxidation. Temperature is a factor that contributes to CH4 emissions, and temperatures above 30°C tended to reduce gas emissions in the systems studied, since the highest emission was observed in pasture soil kept at 25°C (∼1,130 μg of CH4 g−1 of dry soil). Nitrogen fertilization in pasture soils reduces CH4 emitted nearly 140% as the dose increased. As a result, the pasture soils tended to emit higher concentrations of CH4 into the atmosphere. However, reducing these emissions from the pasture management employed is possible.
Regulation of CD47 expression on CD14+ monocytes by interferon-α in PBC patients
Authors: Su Xi , Jin Wenwen , Liu Lizhi , Zhu Zifei , Li Cunyan
Published: December 2023

Background

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic intrahepatic cholestatic autoimmune liver disease characterized by inflammatory injury of small and medium-sized bile ducts in the liver. The pathogenesis of PBC has yet to be entirely understood. CD47/signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) is closely related to developing autoimmune diseases by promoting inflammatory response. However, the effect of CD47/SIRPα on inflammatory response in PBC patients is still unclear.

Objective

We investigated the expression of CD47/SIRPα and the effect of inflammatory cytokines on the CD47 expression, analyzed potential autoantibodies against CD47 and the effect of anti-CD47 antibody on the inflammatory response in PBC, provided laboratory basis for the study of the pathogenesis and targets for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment on PBC.

Methods

The expression levels of CD47 and SIRPα on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were measured in 14 patients with PBC (the PBC group) and 13 healthy subjects (the Control group) by flow cytometry (FCM). The PBMC derived from healthy subjects were stimulated with healthy subjects’ serum, PBC patients’ serum, IFN-α or TNF-α, and the CD47 expression level on CD14+ monocytes was detected by FCM. The level of serum anti-CD47 antibody or IFN-α in PBC patients and healthy subjects was analyzed by ELISA. FCM was used to examine the TNF-α expression level in CD14+ monocytes of healthy subjects stimulated with isotype control antibody, anti-CD47 antibody, LPS or LPS combined with CD47 antibody.

Results

The CD47 expression level on the CD14+ monocytes in PBC patients was statistically higher than that in the Control group (P<0.01). Compared with the Control group (PBMC+healthy serum), the CD47 expression on CD14+ monocyte stimulated with the PBC patients’ serum (PBMC+PBC patients’ serum) was increased (P<0.001); the CD47 expression on CD14+ monocyte stimulated with IFN-α (PBMC + IFN-α) increased gradually with the increased concentration of IFN-α (P<0.05). However, there was no similar trend on CD14+ monocyte stimulated with the TNF-α (PBMC+TNF-α) (P>0.05). The levels of serum anti-CD47 antibody and IFN-α in the PBC patients were higher than those in healthy subjects (P<0.05). The TNF-α expression level in CD14+ monocyte stimulated with the LPS (PBMC+LPS) or anti-CD47 antibody+LPS group (PBMC+LPS+anti-CD47 antibody) was significantly increased than that in the Control group (PBMC+isotype control antibody) (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). The TNF-α expression level in CD14+ monocyte stimulated with the anti-CD47 antibody + LPS was higher than that with the LPS (P< 0.05).

Conclusion

The CD47 may be related to the pathogenesis of PBC by inflammatory response. The CD47/SIRPα signal were imbalanced in PBC patients. The presence of serum anti-CD47 antibodies in PBC patients provides a laboratory basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Comparative analysis of monocyte-derived dendritic cell phenotype and T cell stimulatory function in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure with different clinical parameters
Authors: Wu Zhipeng , Shi Hongbo , Zhang Lei , Shi Honglin , Miao Xingzhong , Chen Liangjuan , Chen Yu , Ma Yingmin
Published: December 2023

Background

Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) patients experience systemic inflammation as well as immune dysfunction and exhaustion. The phenotype and functionality of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in ACLF patients with different clinical parameters have not been elucidated.

Methods

This study included 37 cases of ACLF, 20 cases of Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB) patients, and 12 healthy controls. Demographic and laboratory parameters were collected from the enrolled patients. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the participants. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells were induced and cultured, followed by co-culturing with T cells from the patients. Cell surface markers and intracellular markers were analyzed using flow cytometry. The relationship between these markers and clinical parameters was compared.

Results

Our study found that ACLF patients had lower expression levels of HLA-DR, CD86, and CD54 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells compared to both CHB patients and healthy controls. IL-4, GM-CSF, and alcohol were found to promote the expression of HLA-DR, CD86, and CD54 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. In ACLF patients, higher levels of procalcitonin (PCT), lower levels of albumin, decreased prothrombin activity and deceased patients were associated with lower expression of HLA-DR, CD86, and CD54 on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), after removing adherent cells, were co-cultured with monocyte-derived DC. Our study revealed that patients with infection and low albumin levels exhibited a decreased proportion of T cell subsets within PBMCs. Additionally, these patients’ T cells showed lower levels of Ki-67 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production.

Conclusion

ACLF patients exhibit varying clinical states, with differences in the phenotype and the ability of monocyte-derived dendritic cells to stimulate T cells. Alcohol can stimulate the maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells.
Novel Spike-stabilized trimers with improved production protect K18-hACE2 mice and golden Syrian hamsters from the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant
Authors: Ávila-Nieto Carlos , Vergara-Alert Júlia , Amengual-Rigo Pep , Ainsua-Enrich Erola , Brustolin Marco , Rodríguez de la Concepción María Luisa , Pedreño-Lopez Núria , Rodon Jordi , Urrea Victor , Pradenas Edwards , Marfil Silvia , Ballana Ester , Riveira-Muñoz Eva , Pérez Mònica , Roca Núria , Tarrés-Freixas Ferran , Carabelli Julieta , Cantero Guillermo , Pons-Grífols Anna , Rovirosa Carla , Aguilar-Gurrieri Carmen , Ortiz Raquel , Barajas Ana , Trinité Benjamin , Lepore Rosalba , Muñoz-Basagoiti Jordana , Perez-Zsolt Daniel , Izquierdo-Useros Nuria , Valencia Alfonso , Blanco Julià , Clotet Bonaventura , Guallar Victor , Segalés Joaquim , Carrillo Jorge
Published: December 2023

Most COVID-19 vaccines are based on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein (S) or their subunits. However, S shows some structural instability that limits its immunogenicity and production, hampering the development of recombinant S-based vaccines. The introduction of the K986P and V987P (S-2P) mutations increases the production and immunogenicity of the recombinant S trimer, suggesting that these two parameters are related. Nevertheless, S-2P still shows some molecular instability and it is produced with low yield. Here we described a novel set of mutations identified by molecular modeling and located in the S2 region of the S-2P that increase its production up to five-fold. Besides their immunogenicity, the efficacy of two representative S-2P-based mutants, S-29 and S-21, protecting from a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant challenge was assayed in K18-hACE2 mice (an animal model of severe SARS-CoV-2 disease) and golden Syrian hamsters (GSH) (a moderate disease model). S-21 induced higher level of WH1 and Delta variants neutralizing antibodies than S-2P in K18-hACE2 mice three days after challenge. Viral load in nasal turbinate and oropharyngeal samples were reduced in S-21 and S-29 vaccinated mice. Despite that, only the S-29 protein protected 100% of K18-hACE2 mice from severe disease. When GSH were analyzed, all immunized animals were protected from disease development irrespectively of the immunogen they received. Therefore, the higher yield of S-29, as well as its improved immunogenicity and efficacy protecting from the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant, pinpoint the S-29 mutant as an alternative to the S-2P protein for future SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
Ferroptosis: an important player in the inflammatory response in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Li Jialing , Li Luxin , Zhang Zhen , Chen Peijian , Shu Haiying , Yang Can , Chu Yanhui , Liu Jieting
Published: December 2023

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects millions of diabetic patients worldwide. The key to treating of DN is early diagnosis and prevention. Once the patient enters the clinical proteinuria stage, renal damage is difficult to reverse. Therefore, developing early treatment methods is critical. DN pathogenesis results from various factors, among which the immune response and inflammation play major roles. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and excessive ROS production. Recent studies have demonstrated that inflammation activation is closely related to the occurrence and development of ferroptosis. Moreover, hyperglycemia induces iron overload, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, all of which are related to DN pathogenesis, indicating that ferroptosis plays a key role in the development of DN. Therefore, this review focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, and the mutual regulatory processes involved in the occurrence and development of DN and inflammation. By discussing and analyzing the relationship between ferroptosis and inflammation in the occurrence and development of DN, we can deepen our understanding of DN pathogenesis and develop new therapeutics targeting ferroptosis or inflammation-related regulatory mechanisms for patients with DN.