bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La décimation : une réponse légitime des généraux romains à la couardise et l’insubordination ?
Authors: Henaut Julien
Published: October 2018

Cet article vise à éclairer différents aspects de la décimation, châtiment de l’armée qui consistait principalement à exécuter un homme sur dix, tiré au sort. Quelles étaient les différentes facettes de la décimation, leur signification, le but réel de ce châtiment et la perception qu’en avaient les Anciens ?
Educators in the Late Ancient City of Rome (300 - 700 CE)
Authors: Laes Christian
Published: October 2018

Educateurs à Rome dans l'Antiquité Tardive (300-700 après J.-C.).

Dans cet article, je propose une compilation approfondie des sources littéraires et épigraphiques concernant les éducateurs dans l’Antiquité tardive. Pour l’épigraphie, je me concentre sur les nombreuses inscriptions provenant de la ville de Rome. Les éducateurs professionnels, la plupart d ´ origine servile, étaient fréquents dans les ménages riches et aristocratiques de l’époque impériale. Dans l’Antiquité tardive, les ménages comptaient surtout sur les membres de famille. Ce changement fondamental dans les valeurs hiérarchiques de la société romaine – toujours soucieuse de l ´ honneur – n` apparaît pas explicitement dans les sources. Il y a des indications dans la littérature, mais les inscriptions ne peuvent pas être utilisées pour prouver ce changement de façon statistique. Cependant, il était profond : les tâches éducatives qui dans la mentalité de la classe supérieure romaine avaient été tellement liées à la main-d’oeuvre servile, étaient désormais confiées à d’autres membres de familles. Ce changement fondamental s’aperçoit seulement si tenons compte du contexte général,. Bien sûr, les conceptions concernant la hiérarchie sociale étaient encore fortes à la fin de l’antiquité, et les esclaves éducateurs existaient encore. Mais à la fin du sixième siècle, tout cela était maintenant intégré dans une société qui était à peine reconnaissable pour ceux qui avaient vécu deux siècles plus tôt.
Petite histoire d’une appropriation réussie : François Buffereau plagiaire de Gossuin de Metz
Authors: Silvi Christine
Published: October 2018

C’est en 1517 que paraît chez Jacques Vivian, imprimeur à Genève, la seule édition ancienne connue à ce jour de la première rédaction en vers de l’Image du monde de Gossuin de Metz. Il s’agit en fait d’un plagiat, un certain François Buffereau, secrétaire dévoué d’Antoine de Gingins, seigneur de Divonne, se présentant, dans le prologue et dans l’explicit, comme l’auteur de l’ouvrage. L’objectif de cette étude est d’essayer de déterminer quel est l’apport personnel de Buffereau à cette encyclopédie médiévale au contenu suranné et, si l’appropriation peut sembler malhonnête, de voir si elle est au moins réussie. D’abord, et pour accréditer son entreprise, le plagiaire n’hésite pas à mettre en scène son travail de lecture et d’écriture. Ensuite, il fait subir quelques changements à la matière même du traité : si la véritable nature de ses interventions sur le texte reste, à quelques exceptions près, assez floue – est-ce lui ou un copiste avant lui, voire l’imprimeur après lui, qui l’a raccourci et qui en a modernisé la langue ?–, sa responsabilité est en revanche engagée lorsqu’il s’agit du paratexte, et plus précisément de celui qui se situe dans les marges du texte, que le petit secrétaire ducal remplit de références bibliographiques, dont nous avons essayé d’étudier les modalités et qui constituent, à coup sûr, l’apport personnel de Buffereau. Ce sont ces indications marginales qui, transformant l’Image en Miroir, permettent à notre plagiaire d’accéder au statut tant convoité d’auteur.
The “New Negro”, the Sermon, and the Postwar Modernism of Baldwin and Ellison
Authors: Somers Matthias
Published: October 2018

De “ New Negro”, de preek, en het naoorlogse modernisme van Baldwin en Ellison.

De literatuurgeschiedenis heeft traditioneel de verschillen en breuken benadrukt tussen Ralph Ellison en James Baldwin enerzijds en de schrijvers van de Harlem Renaissance anderzijds. Ellison en Baldwin zorgden zelf voor dit beeld, door in hun essays en commentaren hun eigen poëtica af te zetten tegen die van hun voorgangers, en door hun eigen romans expliciet te definiëren als modernistische romans in de traditie van James, Faulkner en Hemingway. Desondanks is het duidelijk dat debatten over de Afro-Amerikaanse literatuur, en over haar functie als kunst of als propaganda, zowel voor als na de Tweede Wereldoorlog in gelijkaardige termen gevoerd werden. Door de aandacht te richten op het element van de “ Negro sermon” (de preek) in de poëtica van Alain Locke en James Weldon Johnson, wegbereiders van de Harlem Renaissance, toont dit artikel aan dat Ellison en Baldwin, die ook veel ruimte gaven aan de kerk en aan het genre van de preek in Invisible Man (1952) and Go Tell it on the Mountain (1953), toch bepaalde poëticale principes van de Harlem Renaissance voortzetten. Bestaande ideeën en strategieën rond het wezen van een specifiek Afro-Amerikaans modernisme werkten dus duidelijk door na 1945.
Maurice en héritage : les descriptions de l’île dans l’oeuvre de Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio
Authors: Feyereisen Justine
Published: October 2018

Nombreux sont les textes de Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio à donner voix aux porteparole de la chronique familiale sur l’île Maurice, et corps à leur volonté de transmettre un mythe de la terre que foulèrent leurs ancêtres bretons. Comment ces gardiens du passé sur l’île australe transmettent-ils leur histoire ? Quels tableaux en donnent-ils à voir ? Et de quelle manière leurs descendants appréhendent-ils ces espaces à leur tour ? Notre étude porte sur les descriptions de l’archipel des Mascareignes en tant que réalité contée, rêvée et vécue dans le cycle indianocéanique de l’oeuvre leclézienne afin de découvrir la mise en scène nécessaire à l’émergence de la mémoire des ultimes témoins des paysages mauriciens, et de mesurer l’impact des descriptions qui en émanent sur leurs héritiers par rapport à leur propre observation de l’île qui accueillit les ancêtres de l’écrivain deux siècles durant.
An Example of “False Friends”: Literary Genres / Filmic Genres (Intermediality and Remediation in Print and on Screen)
Authors: Baetens Jan Dirk , Callens Johan , Cohen Nadja , Delville Michel , Gervais Bertrand , O'sullivan Sean Lawrence , Watthée-Delmotte Myriam
Published: October 2018

This article deals with the analogies and differences between the notion of genre in literature and the notion of genre in cinema. Despite the apparent similarities between genre concepts in both domains, it appears that the notion of genre has a very different status in literature and in cinema, not only because not all genres are represented in both media, but also because of the fact that the debate on “ genre fiction” versus “ genreless fiction” is key to many forms of writing, whereas it is less frequently addressed in cinema. The aim of this article is not to draw general or universal conclusions from this comparison of film and literature, but to reopen the debate on issues of adaptation and/ versus medium-specificity in the era of convergence culture.
Prudence, cautèle et dissimulation : le double discours des élites politiques durant la guerre de Quatre-Vingts ans
Authors: Dohet Camille
Published: October 2018

Dans le discours politique des XVIe et XVIIe siècles, la prudence constitue la vertu centrale du gouvernant soucieux de servir l’État et le bien commun. Face à elle, la cautèle, précaution servant des intérêts particuliers, est la marque des tyrans. Entre ces deux concepts, la simulation et la dissimulation occupent un statut ambivalent : valorisées auprès des élites gouvernantes comme outils diplomatiques du souverain prudent, elles sont associées à la cautèle par les auteurs moralistes. Durant la guerre de Quatre-Vingts ans, ces concepts font l’objet d’une intense discussion par les pamphlétaires, eux-mêmes souvent issus des hautes sphères politiques. Alors qu’ils pratiquent la simulation et la dissimulation, pour eux essentielles au gouvernement vertueux, ils les condamnent dans leurs écrits auprès du reste de la population. Ce sont les raisons de ce double discours que cet article vise à mettre en évidence.
L’intégration du port de Metz et de son arrière-pays au trafic fluvial mosello-rhénan à la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Ferber Frédéric
Published: October 2018

Située à la confluence de la Moselle et de la Seille, la ville de Metz est à l’époque médiévale un port fluvial important, bien qu’éloigné de la mer. Il s’agit ici d’envisager l’intégration du port messin et de son arrière-pays au trafic fluvial mosello-rhénan à la fin du Moyen Âge. L’étude des échanges fluviaux montre que Metz est au coeur de flux variés, tant par leur dimension spatiale que par leur nature. Aux flux locaux, concernant le trafic urbain et périurbain, s’ajoutent des flux régionaux, mais aussi des flux plus lointains, impliquant notamment la vallée du Rhin. Ils portent pour l’essentiel sur des denrées alimentaires, des matériaux de construction, du bois de chauffage. Sans en avoir le monopole, des bateliers messins plus ou moins spécialisés, qualifiés de nautoniers et de waudexours, occupent une place importante dans ces échanges. Par ailleurs, le trafic fluvial est dépendant des conditions de navigation et des aménagements hydrauliques, mais aussi d’un contexte économique et politique fluctuant.
La navigation fluviale en Moselle : état des sources départementales et piste de recherche
Authors: Mellard Sébastien
Published: October 2018

De scheepvaart op de Moezel : stand van zaken van de departementale bronnen en pistes voor verder onderzoek.

De scheepvaart op de Moezel tussen de agglomeratie rond Nancy en de samenvloeiing met de Rijn, is sinds de negentiende eeuw op de zware industrie gericht, en is van essentieel belang voor de lokale economie. Dit bracht voortdurende aanpassingen aan de steeds groeiende behoeften van de economische actoren met zich. Deze ontwikkelingen hebben grote hoeveelheden aan informatiebronnen opgeleverd, die vooral draaiden om de werkzaamheden aan de waterwegen en de havens. Sommige bronnen over nooit uitgevoerde projecten brachten onderzoekers informatie over de economische en politieke bekommernis van belangengroepen en hun wensen, zoals het project om de Lotharingse steenkoolmijnen met een eigen waterweg uit te rusten.
Un enjeu doctrinal entre jansénistes et anti-jansénistes : le Séminaire de Tournai à la charnière des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Desmette Philippe
Published: October 2018

L’évêque Gilbert de Choiseul, dès son arrivée à Tournai en 1671, entreprit de favoriser le développement du jansénisme dans son Séminaire. Pour cela, il plaça des partisans à des postes clés, dont la présidence. Son successeur, François Caillebot de la Salle, poursuivit dans la même ligne. Par contre, à son décès, Louis-Marcel de Coëtlogon renversa la tendance : il confia le Séminaire aux Jésuites et mit de côté les partisans du jansénisme. Dès lors, les partisans des deux camps vont se livrer une véritable guerre via diverses publications polémiques. Cet épisode témoigne de l’enjeu que constitua la formation cléricale et le jansénisme dans la politique épiscopale à la charnière entre les XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles.
Tweehonderd jaar Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden: tussen verdeeld herdenken en vernieuwend herschrijven
Authors: Witte Els
Published: October 2018

Officiële herdenkers doen een beroep op verjaardagen om de natie te legitimeren en het collectieve geheugen in stand te houden. Maar hoe wordt een koninkrijk herdacht dat in 1815 de zuidelijke en noordelijke Nederlanden herenigt maar vijftien jaar later al uiteenvalt ? Heel verdeeld, zo blijkt uit dit artikel. Het Noorden nam in 1830 als aparte natie opnieuw de draad op en wil tweehonderd jaar later vooral de eigen natie en identiteit in de schijnwerpers plaatsen. Het mislukte project van 1815-1830 krijgt dus nauwelijks aandacht. In het Zuiden ontwikkelde zich de Belgische natiestaat en heeft men er in 2015 geen zin in het koninkrijk in herinnering te brengen, waartegen men in 1830 een revolutie ontketende. Er wordt dus niet herdacht. In tegenstelling tot Vlaanderen dat meerdere groepen kent, waarbinnen de nostalgie naar dit Verenigd Koninkrijk nog wel aanwezig is. De Vlaamse overheid en deze verenigingen worden dan ook erg actief. Franstalig België ziet dat met lede ogen aan en ervaart dit Vlaamse herdenken als een aanval op België. Maar naast dit verdeeld herdenken slagen de historici er wel in om de historiografie van het Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden een flinke boost te geven, daarin gesteund door literatuur-, cultuur-en rechtshistorici. Een aanzienlijk aantal nieuwe bijdragen komt tot stand en aan Belgische zijde heeft er zelfs een inhaalbeweging plaats. Zo wordt de ontstaansgeschiedenis, de rol van Waterloo, van de Oranjevorsten, van de Grondwet van 1815, van de elites en van het sociale beleid, flink aangevuld. De historici bewandelen ook nieuwe paden. Zo krijgt het persoonlijke in de Oranjebiografen ruim aandacht. De linguistic turn weerspiegelt zich in meer dan een discoursanalyse. Het societyleven, de lieux de mémoire en het vergeten komen eveneens aan bod. Kortom, allemaal populaire thema’s in de recente geschiedschrijving. Kanttekeningen, nuanceringen en nieuwe benaderingen brengen de historici ook aan bij de analyse van het eenmakingsproces en van de mislukking van het vkn, waarbij ze onder meer systematisch kijken naar de rol van het provinciale en het stedelijke patriottisme. Ook de tegenstellingen tussen noord en zuid krijgen er nu nieuwe onderzoekdimensies bij. Sommige historici leggen ook niet langer een rechtstreekse band tussen deze tegenstellingen en de scheiding van 1830, maar gaan veeleer op zoek naar (te) beperkte federale vormen van besturen, naar het gebrek aan gemeenschapsloyaliteiten in verschillende sociale groepen en blijven stil staan bij de rol die het restauratieregime in het proces heeft gespeeld.
Les grandes résidences urbaines en Europe (1500-1830). État de la question et nouvelles perspectives
Authors: Guri Shipé
Published: October 2018

Grote stedelijke verblijven in Europa (1500-1830). Status quaestionis en nieuwe perspectieven.

Hoewel paleizen en voorname herenhuizen uit de vroegmoderne tijd het grote publiek weten te boeien, konden ze vorsers vooralsnog slechts op een zeer ongelijke manier interesseren. Het onderzoek kreeg daarbij voornamelijk gestalte binnen de stads-en de architectuurgeschiedenis ; twee domeinen die echter lange tijd doof en blind voor elkaar zijn geweest. Daarnaast heeft de geschiedenis van de elites, die tijdens de jaren ‘ 60 een heropleving heeft gekend, toegelaten de habitat van de betrokken personen beter te situeren in de globale omgeving van die elites. De voorbije twintig jaar hebben we verder heel wat bijgeleerd over het ontwerpen en bouwen van grote stedelijke verblijven, over hun ligging in de stad, over typische gebruiken en sociale praktijken in die residenties, alsook over het mentale beeld dat ze hebben gecreëerd. Dienaangaande kunnen Frankrijk, Engeland en Italië gerust koplopers worden genoemd. In België bestaan daarentegen nog maar weinig globale studies, hoewel er opmerkelijke vooruitgang werd geboekt met betrekking tot de architectuurgeschiedenis, de studie van de stedelijke ruimte en de studie van de leefgewoonten van aristocratische elites. Deze bundel wilt een weerspiegeling zijn van recente ontwikkelingen in het domein, België incluis, in een multidisciplinair en Europees kader.
High Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance among Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Poultry
Authors: Elmanama Abdelraouf A , Al-Reefi Mariam Raed , Albayoumi Mohammed A. , Marouf Alaa M. , Hassona Islam F.
Published: October 2018

Background: Multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR), such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. are threat to the human health care system. In recent years, these MDR bacteria have been found increasingly inside and outside the hospital environment. Food animals (meat and poultry) are increasingly colonized with MDR bacteria, thus posing an additional concern. This study is intended to determine susceptibility and resistance pattern of pathogenic Gram negative bacteria isolated from rectal swabs of chicken against 16 antibiotics.

Methods: A total of 216 cloacal swab samples (Gaza strip poultry farms) and 87 frozen and fresh meat samples (from slaughter houses and retails) from June 2017 to June 2018 were collected. Isolation and identification of organisms were achieved using standard bacteriological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to standard protocols.

Results: 360 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, and 56 Gram-negative non fermenter were recovered. The predominant Enterobacteriaceae isolate was Citrobacter spp. (22.6%), followed by Enterobacter spp. (17.6%) and E. coli (16.5%). High rates of resistance against Ampicillin (85.4%) and Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole (80.1%) followed by Chloramphenicol (74%) were recorded. Six samples were positive for Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. Of the tested Enterobacteriacae isolates, 94.7% were multidrug resistant (MDR), and 31.4% of  None fermenting bacilli (NFB) were MDR. Carbapenem resistance was found to be high among isolates; 51.9% for imipenem and 1.8% for meropenem.

Conclusion: Isolated bacteria in the study area were MDR and this suggests that chickens may be important reservoir of antimicrobial resistant organisms which is a major public health concern.
A new genus from Vietnam (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae), and the description of two new species
Authors: Wu Qiong , van Achterberg Cornelis van , Sheng Ying-yi , Chen Xue-xin
Published: October 2018

Two aberrant species of Opiinae are described and illustrated from Vietnam, of which one is included into a new genus (Canalopiusgen. n.; type species:C.periscopussp. n.). The other species,Xynobiuschrysopssp. n.belongs to an aberrant group of species nearX.maculipennis(Enderlein, 1912).
The cuckoo bee genus Sphecodes Latreille, 1804 (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) in Iran
Authors: Astafurova Yulia V. , Proshchalykin Maksim Yu. , Schwarz Maximilian
Published: October 2018

An overview is provided of the Iranian fauna of cleptoparastic bee species in the genusSphecodesLatreille (Halictinae: Halictini: Sphecodina). In total, 25 species are recorded from Iran, eight of which are newly recorded for the country:SphecodesanatolicusWarncke, 1992,S.croaticusMeyer, 1922,S.haladaiWarncke, 1992,S.pectoralisMorawitz, 1876,S.rubicundusHagens, 1875,S.rufiventris(Panzer, 1798),S.saxicolusWarncke, 1992, andS.tadschicusBlüthgen, 1935. A new speciesS.ebmeriAstafurova & Proshchalykin,sp. n.(Mazandaran) is described and illustrated. For many species ofSphecodesthe distribution data within Iran are enlarged.
Identity and distribution of Celonites hermon Gusenleitner, 2002 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Masarinae) from the Middle East with a description of the hitherto unknown male
Authors: Mauss Volker , Prosi Rainer
Published: October 2018

Based on the morphological examination of the exoskeleton and the male genitalia of newly discovered specimens from Syria the status and taxonomic position of Celoniteshermon Gusenleitner, 2002 is reinvestigated. The hitherto unknown male is formally described. Celoniteshermon is a member of the C.abbreviatus-complex. It shares several probably derived characters with C.andreasmuelleri, from which it is considered to be reproductively isolated by differences in the male genitalia, the form of sternum VIII and tergum VII as well as the colour pattern of the male antennae. Therefore C.hermon is hypothesized to represent a separate biospecies. It has been recorded only from a small area in the mountain ranges along the Lebanese section of the Dead Sea Transform in Syria and Israel.
Un autre récit du pouvoir constituant
Authors: Chollet Antoine
Published: October 2018

Resumé Dans son film L’homme qui tua Liberty Valance , John Ford montre comment une société démocratique se constitue et se remémore cette constitution. Nous montrerons que c’est l’intermittence entre visibilité et invisibilité qui constitue pour Ford le secret de cet événement fondateur, marqué par une nécessité simultanée de le celer et de le montrer, de l’ignorer et de le connaître. Ford propose ainsi une conception originale du pouvoir constituant, que seuls les moyens propres du cinéma permettent d’illustrer avec autant d’efficacité.
La température des mots
Authors: Broqua Vincent
Published: October 2018

Résumé Poésie
El tamaño, pero no la forma, reflejaría diferencias en las mandíbulas de dos especies de murciélagos de hoja nasal (Phyllostomus Lacépède, 1799) (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)
Authors: Parés-Casanova P. M.
Published: October 2018

La mandíbula es un modelo para la evolución de las estructuras morfológicas complejas debido a que presenta una integración del desarrollo de sus diferentes estructuras. A diferencia de otras partes del cráneo, que albergan estructuras con funciones diferentes (protección del cerebro y de los órganos sensoriales), la principal demanda funcional para la mandíbula se relaciona con la alimentación. Por ello, es esperable que sea la dieta su principal agente selectivo. En esta investigación se presenta un estudio basado en morfometría geométrica, de mandíbulas pertenecientes a dos especies de murciélagos de hoja nasal, Phyllostomidae: el murciélago nariz de hoja pálido (Phyllostomus discolor Wagner, 1843) (n= 29) y el murciélago nariz de hoja lanceolada [Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas, 1767)] (n= 6), ambas especies omnívoras, con tendencia nectarívora. Las diferencias en tamaño y forma de la mandíbula fueron examinadas usando 13 hitos anatómicos situados en la cara lateral de las hemimandíbulas. Los resultados revelaron diferencias entre ambas especies para el tamaño, pero no para la forma, siendo insignificante la variación alométrica. Se concluye que una alimentación parecida para ambas especies ha hecho evolucionar hacia una forma mandibular similar, aunque el tamaño para ambas haya evolucionado de manera independientemente.
Pathways to Supporting the Gifted
Authors: Ruf Deborah L. , Schroeder-Davis Stephen J. , Hesslein Jane E. , Keilty William D.
Published: October 2018

This chapter is comprised of the written recollections of four intellectually gifted adults, all of whom became teachers. None had any idea they would ultimately focus on gifted students. Because there is no significant research about who becomes a teacher of gifted students, the purpose of this chapter is to illustrate some of the precursors, critical events, and catalysts that may lead to becoming an educator and advocate for gifted children. The authors each in turn describe the influences of family and others significant to their own talent development and how their exposure to different social and cultural conditions impacted their views. The vignettes provide firsthand information about what motivated these teachers, both internally and externally, and what personal traits contributed to the ways they have advanced the field. All discovered their own giftedness while educating themselves on the needs of gifted students.
Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Lauderdale-Littin Stacy M. , McArthur-Amedeo Carol
Published: October 2018

Within the United States, almost 50% of teachers leave the field of education within the first five years. Teachers who remain in the field have been shown to be able to demonstrate career competency skills. These skills are related to emotional intelligence (EI), which refers to competencies in recognizing, managing, communicating, and understanding emotions in one's self and others. Previous literature suggests gifted students, due to specific characteristics associated with giftedness, struggle with EI, which impacts their ability to utilize the skills they have, including cognitive intelligence. For gifted individuals entering the field of education, difficulty with EI could potentially impact their ability to feel successful and remain in the field long term. This chapter provides information and resources related to meeting the emotional intelligence needs of gifted students in preservice teacher training programs.
A Partnership Model to Improve Retention, Increase Degree Completion, and Reduce Achievement Gaps
Authors: Turner Kara Miles , Haydel Nia , Carter Melanie
Published: October 2018

Funded by Lumina Foundation, the HBCU Student Success Project is a collaboration among three HBCUs – Dillard University, Howard University, and Morgan State University to implement empirically based retention strategies to increase first- and second-year retention and degree completion rates and to reduce degree attainment gaps between targeted groups on their campuses. This chapter chronicles the processes used by Lumina and the participating institutions to develop and implement a project that would result in the identification of evidence-based strategies and a model for creating and sustaining effective student success partnerships among postsecondary institutions, particularly HBCUs.
Developing Servant Leaders in Education
Authors: Broughton Anthony
Published: October 2018

There is scant evidence of minority male recruitment programs that have persisted over a span of 18 years other than the Call Me MISTER program. While the Call Me MISTER program recruits, retains, and prepares minority male teachers at both Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) and Historically White Colleges and Universities (HWCUs), the chapter will focus specifically on the cohorts at the four HBCUs in South Carolina. Some retention approaches that will be explored in this chapter include (1) the Call Me MISTER program, (2) academic/co-curricula model, and (3) social/cohort and living and learning communities. These approaches have produced favorable outcomes for the Call Me MISTER program in the persistence of their graduates who are now teachers.
Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Farmer Errick , Kunkle Kelsey , Kincey Sundra D. , Wiltsher Cheree Y. , Hilton Adriel A.
Published: October 2018

For over 150 years, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have played a significant role in providing a quality education to millions of families. The nation's HBCUs add a rich texture to the fabric of higher education in the United States. Their legacy is one of access and opportunity. In order for HBCUs to continue their legacy, they will need to continually examine their retention and engagement strategies, particularly when there are major factors that contribute to an institution's credibility and financial stability at a time when greater emphasis is being placed on these indicators in higher education in the United States. It is critically important HBCUs to address the challenges surrounding student retention and engagement, especially for traditionally underrepresented groups, and start a dialogue to embrace change and improvement in their efforts to increase retention and student engagement.
Fog/Cloud Service Scalability, Composition, Security, Privacy, and SLA Management
Authors: Kaushik Shweta , Gandhi Charu
Published: October 2018

Cloud computing has started a new era in the field of computing, which allows the access of remote data or services at anytime and anywhere. In today's competitive environment, the service dynamism, elasticity, and choices offered by this highly scalable technology are too attractive for enterprises to ignore. The scalability feature of cloud computing allows one to expand and contract the resources. The owner's data stored at the remote location, but he is usually afraid of sharing confidential data with cloud service provider. If the service provider is not the trusted one, there may be a chance of leakage of confidential data to external third party. Security and privacy of data require high consideration, which is resolved by storing the data in encrypted form. Data owner requires that the service provider should be trustworthy to store its confidential data without any exposure. One of the outstanding solutions for maintaining trust between different communicating parties could be the service level agreement between them.
Fog vs. Cloud Computing Architecture
Authors: Kaushik Shweta , Gandhi Charu
Published: October 2018

Cloud computing has emerged as a new technology that allows the users to acquire resources at anytime, anywhere by connecting with internet. It provides the options to users for renting of infrastructure, storage space, and services. One service issue that affects the QoS of cloud computing is network latency while dealing with real-time application. In this, the user interacts directly with application but delays in receiving the services, and jitter delay will encourage the user to think about this. In today's world, clients are moving towards the IoT techniques, enabling them to connect all things with internet and get their services from cloud. This advancement requires introduction of new technology termed as “fog computing.” Fog computing is an extension of cloud computing that provides the service at the edge of the network. Its proximity to end users, mobility support, and dense distribution reduces the service latency and improves QoS. This fog model provides the prosperity for advertisement and entertainment and is well suited for distributed data model.
Engagement, Publishing, and the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Authors: Starr-Glass David
Published: October 2018

Following a critical appraisal of research and teaching in U.S. higher education, Ernest Boyer advocated that teaching should be recognized and rewarded as an activity that was at least as important as traditional disciplinary scholarship. He insisted that teaching had its own scholarly component which deserved fuller recognition, appreciation, and dissemination. This chapter explores Boyer's reconsideration of the activities and priorities of higher education and the emerging history of what would become known as the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). From an early stage in its historical trajectory, SoTL explorations were linked to a publication imperative. Publication was seen as essential for consolidating the discipline's status and for improving the efficacy of teaching. The chapter reconsiders the publication requirement, its impact on the vision and mission of SoTL, and the degree to which it has repositioned and reprioritized teaching in the academy. It also provides suggestions for furthering SoTL's impact and for new directions for research, practice, and publication.
Financial Behavior of Russian Population under Crisis Phenomena
Authors: Nadezhda Krasovskaya , Elena Danilova , Larisa Zamuraeva
Published: October 2018

Basing on the analysis of contemporary literature sources, the category “financial behavior of population” is defined. Analysis of the factors influencing financial behavior of households under the conditions of ongoing crisis is carried out. Our quantitative study was carried out to identify the motives behind the financial strategy and the reasons limiting the financial behavior of population. Trends in the use of monetary incomes by population have been revealed, dynamics of the structure and the volume of savings has been shown. Transformations of financial strategies of households during the crisis are also demonstrated. A typology of households was developed according to the criterion of money management depending on sociodemographic characteristics, taking into account the age of the respondents, their financial standing and also their lifestyle. The purpose of this study is to determine the contents, the structure, characteristics, dynamics and other factors of financial behavior of a mass actor on the example of the Tyumen region.
Features of Financial Policy Development by Russian Companies in Today's Conditions
Authors: Keri Igor , Gromova Elena , Sinelschikova Nadezhda
Published: October 2018

The chapter includes the proposals regarding the development of rational financial policies by Russian companies in today's conditions. The authors have identified the following areas of difficulties: sales; deficit of financial resources for investment in development and distribution; instability and unpredictability of external conditions. Changes in price policies, optimization of components and volume of trade account receivables are some of the suggested ways of how to improve company's sales. The solution to the lack of financial resources for company's investment development can be found through selecting more effective forms of financing. The authors also point out the limitations in investment activities' financing under the conditions of current import substitution while suggesting author's own and original composition of indicators for innovation activity. The study leads the readers to the conclusion that the state today faces the challenge of creating favorable conditions for strengthening the financial stability of companies.
Financial Instruments of Regional Economic Policy Implementation
Authors: Ostovskaya Anastasia , Pavlenko Irina
Published: October 2018

This study is dedicated to the rationalizing of theoretical and methodological principles as well as elaboration of practical recommendations for the improvement of the financial mechanisms of regional development. Scientific findings in the area of financial mechanisms of regional development have been subject to analysis; the purpose and the main objectives have been set and financial principles and instruments of regional development have been defined. The role of financial support has been rationalized in relation to the specifics of the social and economic interests of the region and its steady development. The main purpose of reforming the financial mechanisms has been set as such providing for the social and economic development of the regions in the Russian Federation. It has also been clarified that the financial potential of the region is a key factor in serving social and economic interests of the region by means of financial mechanisms.
A Biologically-Inspired Metaheuristic Approach for the Simultaneous Generation of Alternatives
Authors: Yeomans Julian Scott
Published: October 2018

Decision-making in the “real world” involves complex problems that tend to be riddled with competing performance objectives and possess requirements which are very difficult to incorporate into any underlying decision support models. There are invariably unmodelled elements, not apparent during model construction, which can greatly impact the acceptability of the model's solutions. Consequently, it is preferable to generate numerous dissimilar alternatives that provide disparate perspectives to the problem. These alternatives should possess near-optimal objective measures with respect to all known objectives, but be maximally different from each other in terms of their decision variables. This maximally different solution creation approach is referred to as modelling-to-generate-alternatives (MGA). This article provides an efficient biologically-inspired algorithm that simultaneously generates multiple, maximally different alternatives by employing the Firefly Algorithm metaheuristic. The effectiveness of this algorithm is demonstrated on an engineering optimization benchmark test problem
A Close Look at Trust Among Team Members in Online Learning Communities
Authors: Tseng Hungwei , Yeh Hsin-Te , Tang Yingqi
Published: October 2018

Trust is one of the important factors either fostering or damaging students' online teamwork learning experience. Building trust among team members has become a necessary step for a successful collaboration experience. The purpose of the article was to understand students' learning and teamwork experiences and further to investigate the relationships of learner-centered instructions, team trust, and social presence in an online learning community. Also, this article adds to the research on the role of social presence in promoting cognitive and affective trust. The results indicated there were positive correlations between learner-centered instructions and trust, between learner-centered instructions and social presence, and between trust and social presence. The study could provide suggestions for instructors teaching online courses for the implementation of learner-centered instructions and the importance of creating a social presence and building trust for students in a collaborative online learning environment.
Customer Trust and Purchase Intention
Authors: Van Huy Le , Thinh Nguyen Huu Thai , Pham Long , Strickler Cindy
Published: October 2018

With the continuous development of information technology, websites play an important role in businesses, especially hotels. Websites can bring great benefits to hotels. Measuring website service quality is still the main concern of hotel managers. This article analyzes the impact of website service quality dimensions on customer trust and purchase intentions for hotels. A total of 571 responses were collected among tourists at 4-5-star hotels in Vietnam. The results indicated that there are positive relationships between the dimensions of website service quality, customer trust and purchase intentions. Implications were discussed to improve website service quality in order to increase customer trust and purchase intentions.
A Structured Analysis of mGovernment Apps and User Engagement
Authors: Joseph Rhoda C.
Published: October 2018

This article examines mobile apps as a service provided through mobile government (mGovernment). Mobile apps were more typically associated with non-government businesses but are now growing in the public sector. The primary research question motivating this study is how are governments facilitating user engagement via their mobile devices through mGovernment? This study uses a citizen-consumer perspective with a theoretical framework based on the mobile user engagement model (MoEN) (Kim, Kim, & Wachter, 2013) to examine mGovernment apps. The results indicate that there are opportunities in the public sector to achieve a higher level of interaction and engagement between governments and their mobile constituents.
Technology-Enabled Value Co-Creation and Technology-Driven Service Design
Authors: Hsiao Ming-Hsiung
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this article is to explore the role of the future technology such as mesh apps in the process of value co-creation from the service-dominant logic perspective, and how mesh apps can help users complete the activities and gain value. By reviewing the extant literature, this study proposes a conceptual framework which describes technology as a supportive role in helping users accomplish their tasks and co-create value. Moreover, it also proposes the technology-driven service design thinking in that technology triggers the service design process by detecting the actual behavior of activity engagement and provides information services and/or other necessary operand resources. Technology-driven service design tends to disregard beneficiaries' evaluation of the value created from the previous task accomplishment when it determines what operand resources will be provided in assistance with the next task engagement. Such design thinking without regard to the human's knowledge and previous experiences is expected to limit the value created by such future technology.
Engaging Information Systems Students in a Practicum-Based Project
Authors: Lavy I. , Rashkovits R.
Published: October 2018

This article presents the research related to the work integrated learning (WIL) model. The objectives were to explore their characteristics and the techniques associated with them. The focus is models linked to the IT industry or IT department in non-IT industries. A systematic literature review (SLR) was applied as the methodology. The authors collected data reported from 2006 to 2016 from eight databases. There were 24 articles which matched their search criteria. The WIL models reported can be separated into four groups. The two key features are activities created by universities, and activities offered by industry. The model techniques are knowledge, methods, and tools for acquiring research problems and developing solutions. The authors found that the models offered are very broad and need to be narrowed down so that prospective careers and the needs of the digital workforce are prioritized. They suggest future trends in WIL models in the digital economy.
Social Media in Higher Education
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Nanda Pooja
Published: October 2018

Distance education or learning has been around for a long time and with the advent of mobile devices like the smart phone, it is inevitable that mobility impacts the distance education arena. Mobile learning in this article is defined as the “mobile” state of the learner. In theory, this amplifies the flexibility of distance and online learning, reducing the significance of geographic location while increasing that of contextuality. The affordances of mobility empower students to participate as part of context-aware ubiquitous learning. There are a diversity of contexts, methods, and technologies used. There is a need to have a stronger connection between mobile technology integration and a learning-theoretical framework to guide research, practice, and policy. It is important to integrate mobile and emerging technologies with education through an appropriate evidence-based learning design framework.
Real Time License Plate Recognition from Video Streams using Deep Learning
Authors: Hashmi Saquib Nadeem , Kumar Kaushtubh , Khandelwal Siddhant , Lochan Dravit , Mittal Sangeeta
Published: October 2018

With ever increasing number of vehicles, vehicular management is one of the major challenges faced by urban areas. Automation in terms of detecting vehicle license plate using real time automatic license plate recognition (RT-ALPR) approach can have many use cases in automated defaulter detection, car parking and toll management. It is a computationally complex task that has been addressed in this work using a deep learning approach. As compared to previous approaches, license plates have been recognized from full camera stills as well as parking videos with noise. On a dataset of 4800 car images, the accuracy obtained is 91% on number plate extraction from images, 93% on character recognition. Proposed ALPR system has also been applied to vehicle videos shot at parking exits. Overall 85% accuracy was obtained in real-time license number recognition from these videos.
An Empirical Study on Patients' Acceptance and Resistance Towards Electronic Health Record Sharing System
Authors: Keung Kin Lok , Lee Carman , Ng K.K.H. , Leung Sing Sum , Choy K.L.
Published: October 2018

This article aims at identifying significant factors influencing behavioural intention and resistance of patients toward electronic health record sharing systems by using PLS-SEM. A questionnaire was selected as the major data collection method and 243 responses were collected. Thus, this paper reviewed different theoretical models to illustrate the factors which influence the behavioural intention of patients towards the usage of the system and to identify the most important factors for acceptance and resistance of patients' respectively. The responses were then divided into two groups, specialist patients and normal patients, which had the common factors including performance expectancy and effort expectancy. For specialist patients, transition costs were identified as the only factor significantly affecting resistance to use. For normal patients, sunk costs and regret avoidance were found to be positively correlated with resistance to using of normal patients.
Use of Subspace Clustering Algorithm for Students' Competency and Subject Knowledge Assessment
Authors: Paul Dimple V. , Nayagam Chitra S.
Published: October 2018

Student performance studies are the primary challenge for any course with continuous assessment. The challenge lies in performing validation tests of whether course objectives are being met and also in identifying areas of the course structure that needs improvement. This article identifies whether objectives of the course are being achieved or not, by analyzing the student performance in different courses using competencies as the criteria for assessment. Performance evaluation includes diverse types of competency components such as presentation, assignment, group discussion, etc., along with written examination in order to assess the knowledge of students, as well as their interest in the subject. A PROCLUS algorithm has been chosen for experimentation, as the algorithm identifies similarities among data sets and forms clusters of disjoint sets. The algorithm not only considers random sample points, but also successfully scans entire data sets to identify meaningful dimensions that are needed to form actual clusters. Experimental results have identified the similarities of the students' performance across the subjects that are similar in nature and their competency parameters were also found to be similar. A majority of the students have performed alike in certain subjects that involved practical components or in other ways, similar performance is achieved during the assessment of courses on competencies like presentations skills, group discussions, writing skills, etc., rather than mere theoretical components. This study could help to modify the evaluation and assessment pattern for the theory subjects and/or to fine tune the course structure and objectives of such course, and also to find some alternate techniques to improve the other competencies.
Topology Optimization of Seat Cushion Frame With Dissimilar Materials for Lightweight Strength Optimization
Authors: Ju Yeong Jo , Jeon Euy Sik
Published: October 2018

A method for lightweight strength optimization when using dissimilar materials is proposed by applying topology optimization and a design-of-experiment (DOE) to a seat-cushion frame with typical steel. Static analysis of the seat-cushion frame was performed by applying the appropriate safety standards for each passenger. The authors performed topology optimization of the seat-cushion, which was subjected to static analysis and confirmed that the method can be applied to dissimilar materials according to their density ratio as well as the strength of the cushion frame, which was made with dissimilar materials. The strength of the cushion frame made of dissimilar materials is improved compared to the seat-cushion frame made of typical steel. It was also confirmed that the application ratio of the dissimilar materials and the optimization of the application ratio of a dissimilar ratio and the thickness of each material using the DOE can improve the strength of the cushion frame and reduce the weight.
Single Stage C-Band Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) Development and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Alaruri Sami D.
Published: October 2018

In this work, a single-stage C-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) has been constructed and characterized. Gain (G) and noise figure (NF) measurements collected for the C-band EDFA as a function of wavelength (1528.8 to 1562.3 nm) and laser pump powers are discussed. Further, the EDFA conversion efficiency (CE) as a function of laser pump powers is presented. Simplified mathematical expressions for the EDFA gain, NF, and CE are provided. The C-band EDFA signal gain remained flat in the spectral region 1539 to 1562 nm. Moreover, the C-band EDFA NF increased with wavelength and decreased with the 1480 nm laser pump powers. Additionally, the C-band EDFA maximum achieved conversion efficiency and signal gain is 22.64% at P1=19.49 mW and 22.6 dB at 1531.1 nm, respectively.