bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
X-ray-free ureterolithotripsy for ureteral stones.
Authors:   urology center with robot-assisted surgery of Mariinsky hospital, Guliev B.G. ,   Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Talyshinskii A.E. ,   Department of Urology, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Komyakov B.K. ,   urology department of North-Western State Medical University; Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Povago I.A. ,   Department of Urology, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Allakhverdiev O.N. ,   North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The main treatment option for symptomatic ureteral stones is contact ureterolithotripsy (CULT), which is usually performed under Xray guidance. However, the risks of complications associated with radiation do not always justify the benefits obtained from its use, which justifies the study of the results of performing Х-ray-free ureterolithotripsy. Purpose. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of non-fluoroscopic ureteroscopy in the treatment of symptomatic ureteral stones. Materials and methods. Data from 240 patients with ureterolithiasis who underwent CULT were retrospectively recruited. Clinical and demographic data of patients, stone parameters and intraoperative parameters were evaluated. A multivariate analysis of the above factors was carried out to determine their diagnostic value for predicting the results of CULT. Data collection and analysis was carried out using MS Excel and SPSS Statistics 22.0 tables, respectively. Results. The average stone size and density were 6,7±2,4 mm and 785,8±293,0 HU, respectively. The lasting of the surgery and the stone free rate were 39,5±14,6 min and 84,6%, respectively. Complications, in particular ureteral perforation, occurred in 17,0% and 6,7% of cases. According to the results of multivariate analysis, the following parameters influence the effectiveness of contact ureterolythotripsy (CULT) in symptomatic calculi: density, size and localization of the calculus, as well as the presence of ureteral stent (p <0.05). The preoperative indicators presented below significantly determined the frequency of complications: the density and localization of calculus, the presence of a ureteral stent, and the lasting of the surgery (p <0.05). Comparative analysis of CULT with and without fluoroscopy revealed identical results and the complications number. The repeated interventions were more frequent in patients without X-ray, but there were no a statistically significant differences between groups. Our data indicate that CULT without X-ray not compromising the effectiveness of the surgery. Conclusion. X-ray-free CULT for symptomatic ureteral stones eliminates possible complications from radiation without compromising the success of the operation itself
Combined minimally invasive surgery for stones and tumors of the ipsilateral kidney.
Authors:   the urology center of the «Medassist» medical center, Panferov A.S. ,   Kursk, Russia, Elagin V.V. ,   the Center of Urology of the «Medassist» medical center; Kursk, Russia, Bekreev E.A. ,   urological department of the urology center of the «Medassist» medical center; Kursk, Russia
Published: January 2023

Introduction. According to epidemiological studies, the incidence of urolithiasis in the world is about 20%, and the number of patients with this pathology is steadily increasing. Renal cell carcinoma shows the similar dynamics of case growth. The development of diagnostic methods has increased the detectability of combinations of these pathologies, and therefore the urgency of the issue of simultaneous interventions in such patients raises no doubts. Objective. To determine the efficacy and safety of the simultaneous interventions of a stone and a kidney mass of the ipsilateral kidney. Materials and methods. Nine patients with combination of kidney stones and masses of the ipsilateral kidney with indications for the operative treatment were included in the investigation. Results. Laparoscopic kidney resection with pyelolithotomy was performed in all patients in a simultaneously. There was no conversion to open surgery, significant postoperative complications and lethal outcomes. The stent-catheter was removed 4 weeks after the operation. A clinical observation is presented demonstrating the successful treatment of a patient with serious diseases (stones of the right kidney, stones of the right ureter and neoplasm of the right kidney) in one combined surgical treatment. The choice of a simultaneous treatment method in this category of patients, in our opinion, helps prevent the development of intra- and postsurgical complications during staged treatment. The lack of clinical guidelines, as well as the few publications available in the form of clinical examples on the subject are available, creates the need to develop a unified approach to managing patients with a combination of urolithiasis and tumors of the ipsilateral kidney. Conclusion. Combined interventions for ipsilateral kidney stones and masses are safe treatment methods with short rehabilitation period.
Rational pharmacotherapy for metabolic risk factors for erectile dysfunction.
Authors:   N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology – Branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Krasnyak S.S. ,   Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The process of erection occurs through the coordination of several pathways. Therefore, any negative conditions and risk factors will make worse the quality of erection and can cause erectile dysfunction (ED). One of these conditions is metabolic syndrome. Aim. To evaluate the data published over the past 20 years on the prevalence, causes and risk factors, as well as conservative therapy for erectile dysfunction. Materials and methods. The search results in scientific database PubMed for the queries «physiology of erection», «erectile dysfunction», «risk factors for erectile dysfunction», «treatment of erectile dysfunction». Found 574 materials, 60 articles have been selected for writing a review of. Results. The global prevalence of ED varies greatly, ranging from 3% to 76.5%. However, ED was associated with increasing age. Among the main risk factors for ED are arterial hypertension, obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus. Now, conservative therapy for ED is aimed at treating individual risk factors and is often unable to have a complex effect on all factors at once, which leads to the need to combine medications. Conclusions. Since conservative therapy ED cannot be directed at all etiological aspects of this pathology at the same time, a combined drug "EDELIM" was developed by SH Pharma. It is a metabolic therapy for ED that addresses the underlying causes of erectile dysfunction and protects the endothelial cells of the corpora cavernosa.
In Melanie Klein's Concept of Envy Object Relations in Zeki Demirkubuz's Envy Film
Authors: ELMACI Tuğba
Published: January 2023

Öz: Çocuk psikanalisti ve nesne ilişkileri ekolünün kurucusu Melanie Klein, Sigmund Freud’dan sonra psikanaliz tarihinde en etkili olmuş kuramcılardan biridir. Klein analizlerinde çoğunlukla nesneler ilişkisi bağlamında haset kavramına
odaklanır. Çünkü ona göre; haset kavramının sevgi ve şükran duygularını daha başlangıç evresinde baltalayan çok güçlü bir etken olduğunu, ilk ilişkiyi, kişinin annesiyle (ilksel iyi nesne) ilişkisini etkilediğini söyler. Bu ilişkinin
bireyin bütün duygusal yaşamında oynadığı belirleyici rol, kişilik oluşumu alanında önemli bir etki yaratır. Hasetin kişinin hayatını belirleyen ve yönlendiren oldukça yıkıcı etkileri vardır. (Klein,2008:18) . Bu çalışma kapsamında
ele alınan Zeki Demirkubuz’un 2009 yapımı Kıskanmak adlı filmi de Klein’ın odaklandığı haset duygusuyla ilgilenmektedir. Film, konu itibariyle iki kardeş ve abisinin eşi arasında geçen ilişkilere odaklanan fakat sanılanın aksine
evli çiftin kıskançlığından ziyade kızkardeşin ‘haseti’ ile ilgilenmektedir. Film, kızkardeşin çocukluk çağından itibaren ailesi tarafından gözde abinin gölgesinde bırakılması ve kızkardeşin abiye geliştirdiği hasetin psikopatolojisine
odaklanmaktadır. Bu anlamda film, kendi adının manipülasyonu ile karıkoca kıskançlığından ziyade kızkardeşin hasetiyle şekillenmektedir. Filmin öykü evreni boyunca hasetin izlerinin kızkardeş üzerinde çocukluk çağından itibaren
oluştuğu ve bu anlamda da Melanie Klein’ın tanımladığı gibi ikili bir özne sorunu olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Filmin sonunda kızkardeşin abinin hayatını yokediş biçimi, tam da Klein’ın tanımladığı haset duygusunun yıkıcı, bozucu ve
dahası kirletici boyutları ile gerçek anlamına kavuşur. Bu çalışma kapsamında Zeki Demirkubuz’un Nahid Sırrı Örik’in aynı adlı romanından uyarlanan Kıskanmak (2009) filmindeki Seniha karakterine, ünlü psikanalist Melanie Klein’ın
haset kavramı çerçevesinde yaklaşılarak filmin psikanalizi yapılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Danceability as a Reflection of Boleslav Yavorsky’s Construction Principles in the Clavier Suite of the Late Baroque/Early Classical Period
Authors: Kripak Olga
Published: January 2023

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the danceability principle in the unity of its cultural aspects (B.L. Yavorsky’s construction principles) and musicological ones, related to the practical functioning of this principle in the
“diffuse zone” – Late Baroque/Early Classical Period. The main attention is paid to the dance suite genre as a reflection of these two aspects, which were embodied artistically in Johann Sebastian Bach’s clavier suites. The danceability
principle forms the basis of creative findings in the instrumental genres, which were primarily “out of dance” and became the progenitor for the development of European instrumentalism in the range “from the suite to the symphony”.
This paper aims at examining sociocultural, interspecific, and intromusical processes which determined the nature of the “diffuse zone” – the joint balanced existence of Baroque and Classicist features. B.L. Yavorsky’s concept
of studying Johann Sebastian Bach’s suites was chosen as the methodological basis of the paper. These are the principles of construction, which determines the creative guidelines both in music and allied arts, first of all, the
so-called plastic ones, consisting of spatial plasticity, which is introduced into a musical piece through the motor skills and dance rhythmics. This paper is instructive both for the study of the clavier suite genre, which still
remains relevant in subsequent historical periods, and for the practical activity of composers and performers who turn to the patterns of this genre in the Late Baroque/Early Classical Period. As such, B.L. Yavorsky’s “construction
principles” become increasingly relevant to contemporary authenticity, which is prevalent in the public music scene of the late XX and early XXI centuries.
A MINORITY’S JOURNEY TO THE MAINSTREAM: AN EVALUATION RESEARCH ON QUEER TELEVISION STUDIES
Authors: ALGÜL Mustafa
Published: January 2023

Batı televizyon kurgularında queer görünürlüğü, yıllar içerisinde kaçınılmaz ölçüde değişiklik göstermişse de uzun süre sorunlu bir çerçevede çizilmiştir. Medya endüstrisindeki birçok ilintili süreçlere bağlı olarak 1990’lardan sonra
temsil biçimlerinde başlayan değişimler sayesinde medya araştırmacıları, queerin daha geniş görünürlüğünü irdelemek amacıyla yaklaşımlarını çeşitlendirmeye başlamıştır. Aynı dönemlerde, akademik dünyada ses getiren queer kuram
ise medya araştırmacılarına verimli bir bakış açısı sağlamıştır. Sabit kimlik kavramını, hegemonik normları ve cinsiyet sistemlerine eleştirel bir bakışla yaklaşan queer kuramın sunduğu fikirler, televizyondaki queer görünürlüğü
geniş bir perspektifte ele alan queer televizyon çalışmalarının çoğalmasında etkili olmuştur. Kültürel çalışmalar geleneğiyle ilişkilendirilen ve nispeten yeni bir alan olan queer televizyon çalışmaları, cinsiyet temelli kültürel-politik
söylemleri popüler televizyon metinleri üzerinden açıklamaya ve geliştirmeye çalışan disiplinlerarası bir alt-alandır. Cinsiyet, toplumsal cinsiyet ve cinselliğin toplumsal inşasını daha iyi anlayabilmek adına çeşitli konuları
ve yaklaşımları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, queer televizyon çalışmalarını, alana zemin hazırlayan süreç ve akademik gelişmeleri genel hatlarıyla açıklamak ve uygun bir literatür taraması sunmaktır. Her ne kadar çıkış noktası
Batı temelli televizyon metinlerini incelemek olsa da televizyon kavramının günümüzdeki dijital çağda değişen yapısı ve temsil özellikleri, bu alanın farklı konumlardaki dünya ülkelerinde de kullanılan bir yaklaşım olarak temellenmesine
olanak sağlamıştır.
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Art: The Relation of Jean Dubuffet and Rene Magritte to the Philosophy of Wittgenstein and Popper
Authors: TOPAL Alibey
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmada paradigmatik değişimler sonucu ortaya çıkan yaklaşımlardan modernizm, postmodernizm ve bu yaklaşımların sanata kazandırdığı yeni olgular göz önünde bulundurularak, Rene Magritte ve Jean Dubuffet’in eserleri estetiğin konusu
kapsamına giren güzel ve çirkin kavramları, modern düşünce biçimlerini ortaya çıkaran felsefi devinimlerle birlikte incelenmiştir. Ludwig Wittgenstein’ın dil felsefesi çerçevesinde Rene Magritte’in sanat yapıtlarındaki imgelem
gücü “The Treachery of Images (İmgelerin İhaneti)” tablosu özelinde değerlendirilirken, bilim felsefesine yanlışlanabilirlik ilkesiyle yeni bir ivme kazandıran ve bilimin gerçeğe yanlışların ayıklanması yoluyla yaklaşacağını öne
süren pozitivist filozof Karl Popper’ın ilkeleri özelinde “Bidon l'Esbroufe (Soytarı Kutu)” tablosu irdelenmiştir. Wittgenstein ve Popper’ın felsefeleri, 20. yüzyılda ortaya çıkan ve dil felsefesi ile bilim felsefesi alanlarında
önemli etkiler bırakan düşünce yapılarıdır. Benzer şekilde Magritte’in İmgelerin İhaneti tablosu ile Dubuffet’in Soytarı Kutu tablosu da birbirine yakın dönemlerde ortaya çıkan ancak dönemsel olarak farklı biçimlendirme anlayışlarını
temsil eden eserlerdir. Araştırmada iki eser arasındaki izleksellik, temel estetik kuramlar göz önünde bulundurularak güzel ve çirkin kavramları dahilinde tartışılmıştır. Betimsel içerik analizi yönteminin kullanıldığı çalışma,
ilişkisel tarama modelinde nitel bir araştırmadır. Örnekleme alınan eserler amaçlı eleman örnekleme yöntemi ile evrenden örnekleme seçilmiştir.
METODOLOGIA INOVADORA PARA ALFABETIZAR PARA A ESCRITA
Authors: Scliar-Cabral Leonor
Published: January 2023

Exporei o tema “Metodologia Inovadora para Alfabetizar para a Escrita”, apresentado à Mesa Redonda II: Ensino e aprendizado da escrita, durante a 8ª Jornada Internacional de Alfabetização e discutirei os seguintes tópicos:
a) Fundamentos teóricos de uma Metodologia Inovadora para Alfabetizar para a Escrita, desdobrado em:
- complexidade maior dos processos envolvidos na produção do que na recepção;
- direcionalidade oposta entre o início do processamento na leitura (bottom-up) e o da escrita (top-down).
b) Dificuldades observadas em textos escritos iniciais, desdobrado em:
- para escrever, o redator se encontra diante de um espaço em branco: cabe-lhe decidir por quê vai escrever (intenção pragmática), sobre o quê e para quem, de cujas decisões depende a escolha do gênero e do estilo a serem utilizados;
- a fala é um contínuo e o sândi ou juntura externa fechada ocasiona a hipossegmentação na escrita, um léxico mental fonológico, muitas vezes, discrepante do aceito socialmente e o apagamento das marcas de plural: não se escreve como se fala.
- no input da leitura impressa, a linha de base invisível precisa ser inferida para se perceber o cruzamento de algumas letras minúsculas.
ÍNDICES DE LEITURABILIDADE E OS TEXTOS DIDÁTICOS: UMA QUESTÃO A SER DISCUTIDA
Authors: Moutinho Michell Gadelha
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a adequação de textos presentes em livros didáticos do 5° ao 9° ano do ensino fundamental a partir de índices de Leiturabilidade obtidos para cada texto. A aprendizagem da leitura é um dos grandes desafios que a escola enfrenta e existem vários estudos que apontam para os mais diversos aspectos que envolvem a leitura e o leitor. Dentre eles, destacamos o nível de dificuldade dos textos didáticos, por ser uma questão ainda pouco levantada no Brasil. Nesta perspectiva, a pergunta de pesquisa que fazemos é a seguinte: os textos presentes nos livros didáticos produzidos para alunos do 5° ao 9° ano estão adequados a estes anos escolares? O objetivo é aferir o nível de Leiturabilidade presente nos textos, bem como avaliar qualitativamente seus aspectos formais. Para medir este nível de Leiturabilidade, foram selecionados três textos de diferentes livros didáticos da mesma disciplina para cada ano escolar. Para a medição, foi utilizado a ferramenta “Coh-Metrix-Port”, desenvolvida por Scarton e Aluísio (2010), baseada na ferramenta original “Coh-Metrix”, criada para textos em língua inglesa. Os resultados apontam para uma grande distância entre o ano escolar em que os alunos estão e o texto que eles encontram nos livros didáticos, pois a maioria dos textos alcançam níveis que os classificam entre textos para o ensino médio e até ensino superior. Investigações mais profundas precisam ser feitas para verificar até que ponto textos didáticos podem ser um obstáculo para a aprendizagem da leitura e da aprendizagem de um modo geral.
LEITURA DE JORNAL: IMPRESSO E DIGITAL
Authors: Sanzovo Claudia Cristina
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo, de caráter documental bibliográfico, situa-se no campo da leitura e tem como objetivo principal estabelecer um comparativo entre as principais características da leitura de um exemplar de jornal impresso e sua versão digital. Para tanto, embasamos as discussões nas principais noções de texto (MARCUSCHI, 2008; CAVALCANTE ET AL., 2019), de leitura (KLEIMAN, 1989; SOARES, 2003) e nas concepções de leitura impressa e digital (ROJO, 2013; BARON, 2015; PARDEDE, 2019, WOLF, 2019). Com isso, destacamos que, apesar da sua complexidade e das habilidades exigidas de um leitor, existem diferenças entre os suportes impressos e digitais que podem influenciar no processo de leitura, principalmente em se tratando dos aspectos de investigabilidade (a possibilidade de busca específica no texto ou fora dele), armazenamento (espaço, deslocamento e durabilidade) e custo de acesso.
A VIDA “ENTRE OS ATOS”, DE VIRGINIA WOOLF
Authors: Nascimento Daniela Coelho do
Published: January 2023

Neste artigo faremos uma reflexão do significado da biografia, concatenado à obra do autor. O gênero da biografia é tratado desde informações específicas aos relatos da vivência de Virgínia Woolf. A obra “Entre os Atos” aparentemente possui traços biográficos dessa autora a serem analisados. Pensar os relatos de vida e encontrá-los, na obra do autor, é o objetivo desse trabalho. Definir o gênero biográfico e acompanhar as vicissitudes da vida dessa autora, perpassando por momentos dolorosos a de felicidade, é a nossa intenção. Identificar, no livro “Entre os Atos”, a história dessa autora, a sociedade da época e, também, o sofrimento assolado de um pós-guerra vivenciado pela autora, compõe ainda nosso objetivo. Através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, perceber uma possível referência a esses momentos. A busca feita, nos diários, por registros, colabora para atestar a veracidade dos fatos. Leituras de biografias e outros trabalhos para condensar o tema desse artigo e prescindir o objeto de estudo foram realizadas. Por fim, a literatura, aqui, é vista, ao contar a história social da era vitoriana. Biografia e obra do autor podem ser interligadas e, para descobrir essa relação, ler sobre a vida do autor é primordial.
The development of urotherapy in pediatric care and the training of urotherapists
Authors: Anna-Lena Hellström , Birgitta Lindehall , Ulla Sillén
Published: January 2023

The terms urotherapy and urotherapist are often mentioned in the literature, but their origins and meanings are less well-known. Objective: To describe the background and development of the concept of urotherapy in pediatric care and the profession of urotherapist. Methods: Data has been searched for in Medline PubMed and selection has been limited to papers important for the purpose. Results: Understanding of urinary bladder function was developed in the 1970’s, mainly due to new urodynamic methods opened up for possible treatment options. Standard urotherapy is a concept developed in the 1980’s and aims to treat dysfunction by helping the patient to learn to understand bladder function and then practice certain techniques in order to normalize it. To succeed, guidance and support are needed from a skilled urotherapist. In Scandinavian and German-speaking countries, quality-assured training for urotherapists at the university level is available. Conclusion: Urotherapy standard therapy is a non-invasive treatment recommended as the first-choice treatment for lower urinary tract disorders. However, we must have requirements as to what knowledge a urotherapist needs to have, and training has to be certified and be at the university level.
Cesarean scar pregnancy: A clinical case report
Authors: Aziz Slaoui , Aicha Bennani , Roughaya Tayeb , Najia Zeraidi , Amina Lakhdar , Aziz Baydada , Aicha Kharbach
Published: January 2023

Background: Among the different forms of ectopic pregnancy, cesarean scar pregnancy is one of the most uncommon with an estimated incidence of 1/1800 pregnancies. A major risk of massive hemorrhage, it requires active management as soon as it is diagnosed because it can affect the functional prognosis of the patient (hysterectomy) but can also be life-threatening. Different surgical techniques are generally proposed in first intention to patients who no longer wish to have children, who are hemodynamically unstable and/or in case of failure of medical treatment. Case presentation: We hereby report the case of a young 19-year-old patient with no particular medical history, gravida 2 para 1 with a live child born after a cesarean section for fetal heart rhythm abnormalities during labor 5 months earlier and who presented to the emergency room of our structure for the management of a cesarean pregnancy scar diagnosed at 6 weeks of amenorrhea. She was successfully managed with an intramuscular injection of methotrexate. The follow-up was uneventful. Conclusion: The implantation of a pregnancy on a cesarean section scar is becoming more and more frequent. With consequences that can be dramatic, ranging from hysterectomy to life-threatening hemorrhage, clinicians must be familiar with this pathological entity and be prepared for its management. The latter must be rapid and allow, if necessary, the preservation of the patient's fertility. In this sense, conservative medical treatment with methotrexate injections should be proposed as a first-line treatment in the absence of contraindication.
Meigs syndrome: About an uncommon case report
Authors: Aziz Slaoui , Hanaa Lazhar , Noha Amail , Najia Zeraidi , Amina Lakhdar , Aicha Kharbach , Aziz Baydada
Published: January 2023

Background: Ovarian fibroma is a very unusual epithelial tumor representing less than 1% of all ovarian tumors. It can be asymptomatic and discovered during surgery or be associated with a pleural effusion preferentially located on the right side and a more or less abundant free ascites in the framework of the so-called Meigs syndrome. The challenge of management then lies in distinguishing benign from malignant since clinically, radiologically, and biologically everything points towards malignant which requires radical surgical treatment. We report here the case of a 69-year-old postmenopausal patient with a clinical form of Meigs' syndrome that strongly suggested ovarian cancer. Case presentation: We hereby report here the case of a 69-year-old patient, menopausal, gravida 4 para 3 with 3 live children delivered vaginally and one miscarriage. She presented with ascites, hydrothorax, and a solid tumor of the ovary. Serum CA 125 and HE 4 levels were very high. ROMA score was highly suggestive of malignancy. A hysterectomy with adnexectomy was performed. It was only the histological evidence of ovarian fibroma and the rapid resolution of its effusions that confirmed Meigs syndrome. Conclusion: Meigs syndrome is an anatomical-clinical entity that associates a benign tumor of the ovary, ascites, and hydrothorax. Highly elevated CA 125 and HE-4 tumor markers often point clinicians toward a malignant tumor and compel radical surgical treatment. This case report reminds us once again that only histology confirms the diagnosis of cancer.
Micro anatomical effects of aqueous cactus extract in the lungs of a diabetic Wistar rat
Authors: Uthman Ademola Yusuf  , Mpeza Kalowa  , Musonda Kambele  , Wana Iputu  , Memory Ngosa  , Isabel Namfukwe Luambia Luambi  , Precious Simushi  , Aminat Adejoke Yusuf
Published: January 2023

Opuntia stricta is a naturally occurring plant and is readily available in some parts of Zambia where it is used for its decorative nature and its fruits consumed. This present laboratory based study was carried out to assess some micro anatomical effects of aqueous cactus on the lungs of a diabetic Wistar rat. The male adult Wistar rats (30) weighing between 160-200 g were indiscriminately classified into five groups consisting of 6 Wistar rats namely: control, diabetic control, Diabetes+ Metformin, Diabetes+ cactus and cactus only groups. Diabetes was induced with Streptozotocin dose 70 mg/kg BW and sustained increase in blood glucose levels after 72 hours and treatment commenced with aqueous cactus extract and Metformin with 100 mg/kg body weight respectively and was administered orally for 4 weeks . Blood glucose levels (mmol/L) were monitored. After 4 weeks of treatment the animals were sacrificed by euthanasia, the lungs were excised, weighed and fixed in 10% formal saline. Data was analyzed using Excel and one way ANOVA. p<0.05 was considered significant. Change in body weight and relative organ weight of the Diabetic+ cactus and Diabetes + Metformin was significant when compared to diabetic group(p<0.05). Diabetic + cactus became normoglycemic at week 3 and diabetic+ Metformin at week 4. The histological examination of the lungs of the diabetic rats showed disruption in cytoarchitecture with necrotic pneumocyte. Diabetic + cactus and Diabetes + Metformin showed no disruption in their cytoarchitecture and both had healthy pneumocyte present. Cactus only was similar to control. In conclusion, aqueous extract of Cactus showed ameliorative effects on the lung of adult male Wistar rats against the damage caused by diabetes.
Business growth through a sustained strategic management approach in manufacturing organisations
Authors: Kifordu A.Anthony , Odita O.Anthony , Anona Eric
Published: January 2023

Organizations regularly encounter unforeseen occurrences like government policy change, market failure natural catastrophes, terrorist attacks, or technology failures in extremely unpredictable and uncertain times. Thus, the study of strategic management and organization growth was embarked upon. Two research questions were asked leading to two research hypothesis famulated to guide the study. The population of 63 of the study were taken from the staff of the Mouka and Frendy foam production industry which also formed the sample size. Fifteen (15) items Questionnaire instrument validated and tested for reliability at 0.75 Cronbach Alpha were then distributed to the sampled staff of Mouka and Frendy foam production industry in Warri and Abraka. There after the extracted data were subjected to statistical analysis. the result shows that there is significant effect between defensive strategy and organization growth; also, that there is no significant effect between prospective strategy and organizational growth. From the finding recommendation were made among others that defensive strategy boosts organizational growth, and it should be adopted by managers at all level and stages of business development as it help to fight competitors amidst harsh competitive business environment
A requirement for fraud investigation professionals
Authors: Rashid Chnar Abdullah
Published: January 2023

In developing countries, fraud and corruption are seen as a way of life, a norm of public service or a culture that cannot hope to disappear. Auditors specialize in error detection and treat fraud and corruption as secondary tasks in a particular business. The primary responsibility of a Forensic Investigation Professional (FIP) or forensic accountant is to investigate fraud in financial records. A certified public accountant is a witness of fact, while a forensic investigator or forensic accountant is an expert witness, not a witness of fact. They can testify in court as experts for either the prosecution or the defence. This paper aims to critically examine the requirements for fraud investigation professionals who need to be obtained by a forensic accountant in investigating fraud as one of the most serious financial crimes in any company. The findings suggest that forensic investigative professionals play a complementary role with government anti-fraud and anti-corruption agencies in strategies and policies to reduce the risk of systemic corruption. Findings also show that Forensic Investigation Professionals (FIPs) play an important role in reducing fraud and corruption risks in developing countries.
Transgenic Mouse Models for the Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Marín-Moreno Alba , Canoyra Sara , Fernández-Borges Natalia , Espinosa Juan Carlos , Torres Juan María
Published: January 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are some of the most important health challenges modern medicine and advanced societies face. Indeed, the number of patients affected by one of these illnesses will increase in the following years at the same rate that human life expectancy allows us to live longer. Despite many years of research, NDs remain invariably fatal. A complete understanding of the exact mechanisms leading to neuronal death, which will ideally allow preclinical detection and the development of effective treatments, has not yet been achieved. However, a great deal of information about ND pathology and the search for possible therapies has been acquired using animal models and more precisely transgenic mouse models. In this review, the main contributions of these powerful research tools in NDs as well as their advantages and caveats are discussed.
Is information the other face of causation in biological systems?
Authors: Yurchenko Sergey B.
Published: January 2023

Is information the other face of causation? This issue cannot be clarified without discussing how these both are related to physical laws, logic, computation, networks, bio-signaling, and the mind-body problem. The relation between information and causation is also intrinsically linked to many other concepts in complex systems theory such as emergence, self-organization, synergy, criticality, and hierarchy, which in turn involve various notions such as observer-dependence, dimensionality reduction, and especially downward causation. A canonical example proposed for downward causation is the collective behavior of the whole system at a macroscale that may affect the behavior of each its member at a microscale. In neuroscience, downward causation is suggested as a strong candidate to account for mental causation or free will. However, this would be possible only on the condition that information might have causal power. After introducing the Causal Equivalence Principle for coarse-grained and fine-grained linear causal chains, and a set-theoretical definition of multiscale nested hierarchy composed of modular ⊂-chains, it is shown that downward causation is spurious. It emerges only in the eyes of an observer, though, due to information that could not be obtained by “looking” exclusively at the behavior of a system at a microscale. On the other hand, since biological systems are themselves information-processing, this information gain is indicative of how memory can be a function of scale in these systems and a prerequisite for scale-dependent emergence of cognition and consciousness in neural networks.
Ladislaus von Bortkiewicz’s Errors and a Reliable Solution to the Marxian Problem of Transformation in Direct and Inverse Formulation
Authors: Kalyuzhnyi Valeriy
Published: January 2023

The paper argues that economists still regard the solution to the problem of the transformation of values into prices of production, got by L. von Bortkiewicz, as belonging to Marx himself. After all, it was allegedly “correctly corrected” by the said author in 1907. Bortkiewicz based his solution on several erroneous interpretations’ theory of Marx. Because of Bortkiewicz’s errors, the representatives of the mainstream see no connection between the “value system” and the “production price system”. They claim that the transformation problem itself results from impossibility and that Marxist value theory is, at best, irrelevant and irremediably inconsistent. The paper shows that the solution to the transformation issue exists in both the direct and inverse formulation. We used for this purpose the Tugan-Baranowsky—Bortkiewicz three-sector model. These results are consistent with the concept of Marx within the dualistic approach. They coincide with the results generated by the author in his previous work (see https://osf.io/tk43d/). In the present paper, we introduce methods and examples of transformation, including iterative and based on solving systems of simultaneous equations. We prove again with their help that at equilibrium prices, profit arises from surplus value, or more precisely, from the newly created value generated by workers’ labour and from no other source. We also show that a dualistic approach to transformation allows us to see the advantages of value prices, which, unlike production prices, do not limit the growth of the productive power of labour when enterprises introduce new machines. Value prices are in demand under socialism.
ANTROPOLOGI HUKUM MENJADIKAN ILMU HUKUM SEBUAH SOLUSI DARI MASALAH HUKUM
Authors: Tombara Jemmy Ruben
Published: January 2023

Segala yang ada di dunia ini sudah pasti memiliki manfaat masingmasing. Teori-teori dalam Antropologi Hukum digunakan sebagai alat untuk membantu manusia dalam memecahkan masalah yang dihadapinya sehari-hari. Kegunaan itu diperoleh dengan tiga cara, description (menjelaskan), prediction (meramal, memerkirakan), dan controlling (mengontrol). Penjelasan diperoleh dari teori. Dikaitkan pada masalah praktis, teori akan memerkirakan apa yang akan terjadi. Dari perkiraan itu, kita memersiapkan langkah-langkah yang perlu dilakukan untuk mengontrol segala hal yang mungkin timbul, entah itu merugikan atau menguntungkan.
Starch source, modification and food application
Authors:   Department of Home Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Federal University Gahua, Nigeria., Ogori A. F. , Taofeek Alimi ,   Department of Chemistry Federal College of Education kontagora, Niger state, Nigeria.
Published: January 2023

The starch chemistry aspect of amylose and amylopectin fractions along with their contributory roles in defining starch food behavior; such as in gels formation, pasting quality, swellability, dextrinization and viscosity from various sources such as legumes, root, tubers and cereals were reviewed. Chemical and physical modifications of starch like cationation, esterification, acetylation, alkalization and annealing, which somehow weakens glucose linked bond and releasing fractional starch moieties have shown to modify characteristic behavior of starch in food systems and for non-food systems. The application of starch in food and non-food systems were envisaged from resistant to non-resistance starches in legumes, roots and tubers and these were observed to be better in functional characteristic than cereal starches.
Evaluation of improved vegetable baskets for storage of Amaranthus viridis (green amanranths) and Telfaria occidentalis H. (fluted pumpkin leaves)
Authors:   Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Headquarters, Km 3, Asa-Dam Road, P.M.B. 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Adekalu Olabisi A. , Akande Samuel A. ,   Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Headquarters, Km 3, Asa-Dam Road, P.M.B. 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Fashanu Titilope A. ,   Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Headquarters, Km 3, Asa-Dam Road, P.M.B. 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Adeiza Andrews O. ,   Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Headquarters, Km 3, Asa-Dam Road, P.M.B. 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria., Lawal Israel O. ,   Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Headquarters, Km 3, Asa-Dam Road, P.M.B. 1489, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Published: January 2023

The new vegetable baskets (VBs) were tested for effectiveness in the storage of fresh leafy vegetables. Freshly harvested Amaranthus viridis and Telfaria occidentalis H. were obtained from farms and transported to Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI), Ilorin, where they were sorted, washed and air-dried. Four different models; namely the pyramidal big basket (PBB), frustum big basket (FBB), polyethene lined small basket (PSB) and foam-lined small basket (FSB) were used while the control sample was left open in a plastic crate on the shelf. The set-up was monitored on 24 hourly bases for wetting, physiological weight loss (PWL) and physical observations until decay was observed. Sensory attributes and physicochemical properties were evaluated before and after storage using standard methods. Results obtained indicated that fresh green amaranths and fluted pumpkin leaves were rated higher in colour and appearance than the stored leaves. The PWL ranged from 16.18–100% and 18.42–99.62% for A. viridis and T. occidentalis H. respectively. The proximate composition analysis conducted showed that moisture, protein, fibre and ash contents ranged between 66.45-89.32, 20.32-44.36, 12.18-41.17, 5.48-15.40% respectively for A. viridis and 65.34-79.94, 12.57-26.09, 19.37-44.12 and 3.31-11.29% respectively for T. occidentalis. Conclusively, PBB, FSB and PSB conserved more weight, chlorophyll and vitamin C contents respectively in A. viridis; while FSB and PSB conserved more weight and chlorophyll respectively in T. occidentalis H. Thus, the three models; PBB, PSB and FSB were most effective in the storage of A. viridis and T. occidentalis H.
Comparative evaluation of the sensory properties of fish and beef Kilishi (roasted) as food snacks
Authors:   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka Nigeria., Okeke P. A. , Adibe A. C. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka Nigeria., Evulobi O. O. C., ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka Nigeria., Okoye A. E. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka Nigeria., Amuneke K. E. ,   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka Nigeria.
Published: January 2023

The organoleptic evaluation of kilishi produced from beef and fish was carried out to test the acceptability of fish kilishi as a possible replacement beef with fish in kilishi production, due to high cost of beef meat in relation fish. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the prices of beef and fish meat of 50%. The same weight of beef and fish samples was processed separately with the same quantity and quality of ingredients, to obtain a beef and fish kilishi product of 10% moisture content. The sensory evaluation of the produced Kilishi was carried out using 9-point hedonic scale with thirty trained panellists. The data generated were subjected to ANOVA test at 0.05 significant level, using SPSS version 20. The mean result score by the panellists for fish kilishi based on colour, taste, aroma, texture and overall acceptability were 6.83±1.21, 6.40±1.48, 6.57±1.38, 6.93±1.26 and 7.37±0.99, respectively. While that of beef Kilishi were 7.50±0.90, 7.33±1.09, 7.23±1.10, 7.10±1.16 and 7.77±0.94, respectively. The beef kilishi had a general acceptability score of 7.77±0.94 which reads ‘like moderately’ while that of fish kilishi has a general acceptability score of 7.37±0.99 which reads ‘liked moderately’. This study shows that fish kilishi can serve as suitable alternative to beef kilishi as a cheap snack that can provide cheap source of animal protein there by improve the quality of people’s health.
Monetization of digital newspapers: Experimentation with brand extension and buying influence
Authors: Sangil Luis , Campos-Freire Francisco , Pérez-Latre Francisco J.
Published: January 2023

With digitization, journalistic companies tested out different ways of creating value through the capabilities that technology provides. Online newspapers applied the experience they had with their print versions to brand extensions, aiming to build revenue models that went beyond the classic models for advertising and charging for content. Their goal was to leverage brand value by expanding their name to a new product. This study focuses on Unidad Editorial, which undertook various initiatives testing the power of the digital brand elmundo.es and expanding the boundaries of the business. We use information obtained from 23 semistructured in-depth interviews with executives from the early days of their online business to the present, providing a comprehensive picture. Elmundo.es’s experimentation with brand extensions and other non-advertising revenue sources helps us understand digital media’s shift towards charging for content –which the Covid-19 pandemic provided a favorable environment for– in their search for alternatives to compensate for the decline in advertising revenue. New brand extension projects, for which brand strength and consistency with the original product are determinative, remain open. In addition, these new practices will be subject to the journalistic companies’ investment capabilities.
Perceptions on the Inclusion of Traditional Medicine in Primary Health Care in Allandale Village in Mpumalanga Province in South Africa
Authors: Mdhluli T. D , Kugara S. L , Matshidze P. E , Netshandama V. O
Published: January 2023

This article seeks to explore perspectives on the potential incorporation of traditional medicine into primary health care. Academic discourse examines in depth the historical stigmatisation and demonization of African traditional practices, including traditional medicine. However, the renaissance of scholarly de-colonial and Afro-centric research frameworks re-awakens the need to generate knowledge systems and analytical lenses that pragmatically and sustainably address global challenges using contextually relevant resources that have been maligned for centuries due to colonialism. The 21st century presents opportunities and challenges that require a re-evaluation of the role of traditional medicine in contributing holistically to primary health care. The study adopted Afro-centricity approach as theoretical framework. Within the framework of qualitative research, this study adopted an explorative qualitative design, using semi-structured interviews to generate data. The study findings revealed that traditional medicine deserved a more prominent consideration for the inclusion in primary health. Reasons given for such inclusion included affordability, ease of access, socio-cultural relevance, spiritual significance, holistic approach and potency which could address some of the key challenges facing the primary health care system in South Africa.
Niche market of event for village tourism
Authors:   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Ernawati Ni Made , Raden Ayu Trisnayoni ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Arjana I Wayan Basi ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Puspita Ni Putu Lianda Ayu ,   Politeknik Negeri Bali, Negru Radu ,   Dimitrie Cantemir University
Published: January 2023

This research aims to explore and analyze the potency of community-based rural tourism to organize or be used as a venue for events. This is a qualitative study examining publications related to the issue, as well as the writers' direct experience and involvement in the event taking up the role either as a participant or the event committee member; the study mainly used focus group discussion to explore and generate ideas on the event for village tourism to identify the event-market potential for the Community-based Tourism. The study is conducted to prospect the event for CBT based on the type, purpose, and participants of the event, as well as to assess the facilities available at CBT. The results show that the characteristics and the purpose of events are reflected in the type of events. There are 7 types of event: traditional, natural, and farming-related smaller seminars, exhibitions, festivals, bazaar, sport, education/sharing, spiritual, and personal advancement retreat. For the CBT event, purposes could be created depending on the market's needs, the community's needs, and the facilities available in the tourism village considering the theme and scale of the event. It is expected that the results of the study could be used as a reference in advancing the product-market scheme of rural tourism as well as creating awareness among the prospective parties to hold events and to empower rural tourism to support village development.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN ALAT TEPAT GUNA DALAM MEMBANTU PROSES PRODUKSI KERUPUK UBI UNGU DI DESA PADAHANTEN
Authors: Budiman Budiman , Whydiantoro Whydiantoro , Koswara Engkos
Published: January 2023

Kelompok wanita di Desa Padahanten mempunyai sebuah kegiatan produksi yaitu membuat kerupuk ubi yang terbuat dari ubi ungu. Ubi ungu yang dihasilkan merupakan hasil tani dari warga sekitar yang memang berprofesi sebagai petani. Harga ubi ungu yang relative lebih rendah membuat kelompok ini berinovasi untuk meningkatkan nilai jual dari ubi ungu tersebut.
Dalam pembuatan kerupuk ubi ungu, masih dilakukan dengan peralatan seadanya. Dimulai pengupasan ubi hingga penjemuran masih menggunakan peralatan seadanya. Hal demikian mengakibatkan proses produksi belum dapat maksimal. Proses paling lama dalam pembuatan kerupuk ubi ungu adalah pemotongan adonan. Hal tersebut karena masing menggunakan pisau dan tenaga manusia.
Pelatihan penggunaan alat/mesin tepat guna perlu dilakukan kepada kelompok tersebut. Hal demikian untuk menunjang proses produksi yang dilakukan hingga dapat meningkatkan kapasitas produksi. Karena bagaimana pun juga, tenaga manual dalam hal ini menggunakan tangan akan berbeda tiap waktunya. Berbeda dalam kecepatan, ukuran dan ketepatan pemotongan.
Hasil evaluasi yang telah dilakuakan, alat bantu potong adonan dapat digunakan dengan baik oleh para pembuat kerupuk ubi ungu. Alat tersebut cukup membantu proses pemotongan karena dapat mempercepat proses pemotongan dan bentuk/ketebalan lebih teratur
PENGUATAN EKONOMI PADA GABUNGAN KELOMPOK TANI MEKAR TANI KELURAHAN BABAKAN JAWA KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA
Authors: Raden Wulan Saparinda  , Nur Apriyani Reni
Published: January 2023

Pertanian memiliki fungsi penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia. Dalam perakteknya terdapat permasalahan yang dihadapi petani dalam memproduksi hasil pertanian yaitu : permodalan, alih fungsi lahan pertanian yang menyebabkan lahan pertanian semakin berkurang, minimnya pemanfaatan teknologi, harga pupuk yang tidak stabil, dan harga jual yang rendah. Dari permasalahan tersebut perlu adanya penyuluhan terhadap petani dalam menghadapi permasalahan yang ada. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman petani dalam aspek keuangan dan produksi sehingga diharapkan akan tercipta pengutan ekonomi. Kegiatan Pengabdian ini dilakukan di Gabungan Kelompok Tani Mekar Tan iKelurahan Babakan Jawa Kabupaten Majalengka. Metode yang digunakan adalah penyuluhan melalui tiga tahapan persiapan, observasi dan pelaksanaan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan peserta antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini hal ini dapat diukur dengan diskusi yang aktif selama kegiatan berlangsung. Serta berdasarkan hasil pengisian data yang diberikan diakhir kegiatan para peserta dapat memahami materi aspek keuangan dan produksi yang telah disampaikan.