bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Occluded Face Recognition based on Deep Learning
Authors: Guo Quanyi
Published: November 2023

Compared to the traditional sparse representation and the dictionary processing method of occlusion, deep learning-based face recognition methods are being used more and more widely in the field of face recognition. However, in practice, face recognition results are greatly influenced by light intensity, shooting Angle, mask and sunglasses occlusion and other factors. Therefore, this paper will discuss the face recognition under the occlusion situation. In order to solve the problem of large pose change of human face and local occlusion respectively, an offset network and a weight network was introduced into the convolutional neural network. In the following paper, the facial recognition accuracy of the introduction of the offset network, the facial recognition accuracy of the weight network and the recognition accuracy of the unification of the two are compared with the traditional facial recognition model VGG16.
Research on Image Super-Resolution Using Attention Mechanisms based on Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Wu Zhouli
Published: November 2023

With the continuous advancement of technology, Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks (SRGAN) have played a significant role in the field of image super-resolution, significantly enhancing the resolution of images. However, while SRGAN excels in generating details, sometimes the restored details do not always meet people's expectations. To further enhance the quality of images and make image details clearer, this paper introduces improvements to the architecture and loss functions of the SRGAN network. Specifically, this research draws inspiration from the architecture of ESRGAN, removing the original Batch Normalization layers and introducing a newly designed Residual Block. Leveraging insights from attention mechanisms, we incorporate three layers of convolutional operations and introduce attention mechanisms into these new Residual Blocks. Furthermore, to simplify the computational complexity of the model, this paper simplifies the original loss functions, consolidating the previous four losses into two. These enhancements result in a significantly improved model in capturing visual elements, making key objects in the images more prominent compared to SRGAN. Detailed experimental results demonstrate that this model, while maintaining the clarity of details, provides higher visual quality. These achievements provide valuable insights and inspiration for further research and applications in the field of image super-resolution.
The diagnostic accuracy of currently available laboratory tests compared to PCR test for COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: BIRHAN Mastewal
Published: November 2023

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-COV-2 and represents the causative agent of a potentially fatal and pandemic viral disease that is of great global public health concern and high transmutation rate and mechanisms. A comprehensive systematic search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, to find articles published until March 30, 2020. All relevant articles that reported clinical characteristics and laboratory result information of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included in the analysis. Based on our analysis, however, articles not used RT-PCR and CT as were excluded all of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) were homogeneous (I2=94.58% and p≤0.001) statistical tests showed no publication bias/small study effect. Accordingly, the result of meta-analysis illustrated that RT-PCR increased cases of laboratory confirmation by more than 99% (95% CI: -1.3.0; 4.74) than other laboratory tests. As a result, this finding, is recommended to pilot and scale-up well and accurate laboratory techniques is used in developing countries, and is essential to prevent and control the pandemic diseases with spread in the world. However, it is recommended to further investigate the adverse effects of Real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) before fully implementing the confirmation.
Preparation and application of lithium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and nickel-cadmium batteries
Authors: Chen Siyuan , Chen Zijie , Liu Zhicun
Published: November 2023

With the progress of the times and the development of technology, there are more and more types of batteries, and the application of batteries in life is more and more extensive. In recent years, due to the promotion and popularity of electric vehicles, lithium batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries have gradually moved from the laboratory to everyone's life. This paper discusses the three types of batteries used today and the preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and prospects of these three types of batteries. Lithium battery is mainly composed of lithium, with more active chemical properties, and has become the mainstream of the world today; the positive active ingredient of the nickel-cadmium battery is predominantly made of nickel, the negative active ingredient is predominantly made of cadmium, an alkaline battery, the current common battery device, commonly used in small equipment; nickel-hydrogen batteries are improved from nickel-cadmium batteries, which can absorb hydrogen metal instead of cadmium, compared to lithium batteries are safer It is safer than lithium battery. Batteries have positive and negative poles, and this paper also describes the manufacturing methods of positive and negative poles of the three types of batteries. The widespread application and immense market demand for lithium-ion batteries, Nickel-hydrogen (NiMH) batteries, and Nickel-cadmium (NiCd) batteries have significant implications for scientific progress and economic prosperity. Therefore, research efforts directed toward high-performance lithium-ion, NiMH, and NiCd batteries hold tremendous scientific and economic value.
Current development and future prospects of protein hydrogels
Authors: Kong Bangzhou
Published: November 2023

Protein hydrogels are a class of soft biomaterials that have attracted extensive attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in biomedicine in recent years. This paper explores the promise of protein hydrogels, discussing their advantages, limitations, and future prospects. The biocompatibility, high water content, and tunable mechanical properties of protein hydrogelsmake them appropriate for a variety of uses, including 3D bioprinting, drug delivery, wound healing, and biosensors. However, challenges such as stability and biodegradation, reproducibility and scalability, clinical translation, and a lack of understanding of their mechanisms of action must be addressed to fully realize their potential. The purpose of this paper is to understand the current development status and difficulties of protein hydrogels and to speculate on their future development.
Analysis of The Impact of Using Audio-Visual Media on Student Learning Motivation
Authors: Rahayu Ayu Puji , Saepulloh Saepulloh , Ginanjar Egi
Published: November 2023

Learning in the classroom must be carefully considered by the teacher, specifically how to create a conducive, enjoyable, active, interesting, and effective learning atmosphere aligned with the learning objectives. To achieve this goal, teachers are advised to utilize a variety of learning media, including audio-visual tools, to enhance student learning motivation. This study aims to analyze the impact of using audio-visual media on learning motivation, quantify the extent of the effect, and establish a linear regression equation. The linear regression equation is employed to determine the nature of the relationship between the use of audio-visual media and learning motivation, whether it is positive or vice versa. This research employs a quantitative approach through a survey method. The data collection technique involves using a questionnaire. Derived from the outcomes of this investigation, it is evident that there is a notable effect of audio-visual media usage on student learning motivation. This is substantiated by obtaining a significant value of 0.001 (<0.05) and further supported by the analysis of the t-score, which is 3.986 (>2.003). Consequently, there is a significant influence of audio-visual media usage on students' learning motivation.
Saideira atrás da outra: as raízes da cultura cervejeira enquanto geradora de significações com o outro e com o lugar
Authors: Correa Porto Marcelo
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho buscou significações em um espaço geográfico pouco estudado, os botecos, que permeiam o ato de beber cerveja, em especial, as experiências dos frequentadores do “Bar do Renato” em Ribeirão Preto-SP. Por meio de coletas bibliográficas, procurou-se adentrar algumas camadas que o ato de beber cerveja pode proporcionar, como o sentimento de afeto geográfico.  Buscou-se, também, entender como a cerveja pode reforçar e criar rituais de sociabilidade entre seus adeptos, instaurando, até mesmo, um sentimento de lugar. Para auxiliar na elaboração da pesquisa, optou-se pela utilização de entrevistas não diretivas, pois o contexto dos bares e botecos nos leva a designar diálogos informais com os participantes, o que possibilita ao pesquisador e ao leitor adentrar na cultura estudada de forma mais real. Assim, procurou-se demonstrar como esse apego ao lugar geográfico, em comunhão com o ato de beber cerveja, acaba por criar um vínculo de “família”, permeado por sentimentos de acolhimento, pertencimento e intimidade, ofertando momentos de prazeres, muitas vezes, inconcebível em outros locais.
Cultura da Erva Mate e Impactos da Crescente Produção de Soja no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Vielmo Severo Maurício , Bergamo Siqueira João Victor
Published: November 2023

A expansão da produção de soja no Rio Grande do Sul teve impactos significativos sobre a cultura tradicional da erva-mate. A crescente demanda global por soja como comoditie agrícola resultou na conversão de áreas anteriormente dedicadas ao cultivo de erva-mate em extensas plantações de soja. Esse deslocamento territorial alterou o panorama agrícola, afetando a produção e a cultura da erva-mate no Rio Grande do Sul. Além da transformação física do ambiente rural, a competição por recursos naturais e mão de obra impactou diretamente as comunidades locais que historicamente dependiam da erva-mate como fonte de subsistência e identidade cultural. O avanço da monocultura de soja também trouxe desafios ambientais, como a perda de biodiversidade, o uso intensivo de agroquímicos e as mudanças nos padrões de uso da terra. O impacto da expansão da soja sobre a erva-mate evidencia a complexa interação entre a agricultura de commodities, a economia local e as práticas culturais tradicionais. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo evidenciar os impactos da produção em soja no Rio Grande do Sul sobre a cultura da erva mate, a partir da exposição de mapas e de revisão bibliográfica acerca do assunto.
Populações "irregulares" no México: o caso de Monte Sinai
Authors: Trujillo Ana
Published: November 2023

Monte Sinaí é uma propriedade ocupada por um grupo de agricultores indígenas; no entanto, essa propriedade não conseguiu se tornar um ejido devido ao decreto da Reserva da Biosfera de La Sepultura (REBISE). Como resultado, a terra foi categorizada como uma população "irregular", o que levou à sua marginalização e exclusão dos serviços básicos e dos programas de desenvolvimento oferecidos pelo governo às cidades legalmente constituídas. Apesar disso, as famílias de Monte Sinai conseguiram construir seu território. O objetivo deste trabalho é duplo: por um lado, tornar visível a situação enfrentada pelas famílias que não têm reconhecimento agrário e, por outro lado, analisar as estratégias que as famílias de Monte Sinai usaram para permanecer no território. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade e um censo comunitário. A reflexão gira em torno do fato de que, apesar da categorização de população "irregular", as famílias de Monte Sinai permanecem no território porque adotaram outras identidades (ambientalistas e produtores). Por esse motivo, elas tiveram que fortalecer as regras e os acordos internos de acordo com as regulamentações ambientais mexicanas para evitar confrontos com a equipe do REBISE.
Akulturasi Hukum Islam Dan Kearifan Lokal: Kajian Pergeseran Tradisi Sanksi Hukum Adat Kawin Semarga Masyarakat Batak Angkola
Authors: Nasution Ismail , Hasibuan Nur Hikmah
Published: November 2023

This research aims to examine the shift in the tradition of sanctioning the Semarga Marriage Customary Law in Sibuhuan, Padang Lawas. This research is qualitative research by identifying the existence of factors that cause clan marriages to occur and customary sanctions for perpetrators of clan marriages in the community in Sibuhuan. The results of the research show that the factors that cause clan marriages to occur in Sibuhuan are caused by two factors, namely the influence of Islamic religious teachings which do not prohibit clan marriages, but there are special rules in marriage according to Islam who cannot marry. In general, the perpetrators of clan marriages choose the rules. according to the teachings of Islam. Meanwhile, the second factor is due to the lack of understanding of the people in Sibuhuan about Batak customs which do not allow marriage within the clan because it will have an impact on Batak traditions. Meanwhile, there are several types of customary sanctions for perpetrators of marriage with the same clan, namely, (1) customary sanctions for prospective parents-in-law; (2) A woman who is married to her husband's surname must change her surname by asking for the surname from the husband's mother through the Adat process; (3) The surname of the groom's mother must be given to the bride and only applies to herself; (4) If there is a male child in their offspring in the future, the male child is not permitted to take bone boru and (5) cannot take part in the traditional banquet served at anyone's wedding party, before doing these four things. The conclusion obtained from this research is that intermarriage often occurs because the Angkola Batak community in Sibuhuan prioritizes religious teachings over customs and lacks understanding of Western customs. Then the traditional sanctions against perpetrators of intermarriage in the Angkola Batak Community in Sibuhuan still exist today, although they are not too heavy for the perpetrators.
Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Saat Pandemi: Pengaruh Kompetensi Dosen dan Interaksi Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Muara Bungo
Authors: Girsang Ronald N
Published: November 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic not only has an impact on public health, but also has an impact on the world of education. This research examines the factors that influence the academic achievement of accounting students. Accounting lectures, which contain mostly calculation material, even though they are taught boldly, must be mastered by the students. This researcher tested whether lecturer competency variables and student interaction had an effect on the academic achievement of accounting students. With a sample size of 70 people, and using Partial Least Square, using Smart PLS 4.0 it was concluded that Competency. Lecturer competency partially influences the academic achievement of brave learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, student interaction has no partial effect on the academic achievement of brave learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Hubungan antara Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya dengan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Kelas VIII MTs Negeri 2 Medan
Authors: Irawan Mirza , Harahap Masdalifah
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the "Relationship Between Peer Social Support and Learning Independence of Grade VIII Students at MTs Negeri 2 Medan Academic Year 2022/2023". This study uses a quantitative approach with the correlation method. In this study, the population consisted of 106 students. Sampling in this study used random sampling, which was taken based on the slovin formula, namely as many as 84 students. The data collection technique used in this study was a questionnaire using a Likert scale. The validity of the instrument was obtained by using the product moment correlation formula, while the reliability of the instrument was obtained by using the Cronbach Alpha formula. Test the hypothesis using the Chi Square test with the help of SPSS IMB 25 for windows. The results of the analysis showed an Asymp.sig (2-sided) value of 0.000 for 84 respondents, so that the value of p <0.05, which means that there is a significant correlation between the variables of peer social support and learning independence
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka di Perguruan Tinggi: Implementasi dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pembelajaran Mahasiswa
Authors: Suhendra Suhendra , Suprianto Bambang
Published: November 2023

The independent learning of independent campus concept is an innovative effort to provide students with greater flexibility and autonomy in planning and managing their education. This research aims to analyze how the curriculum is implemented in various universities and its impact on student learning experiences. This research method uses a mixed-methods approach. Data collection techniques in this research include surveys, interviews and document analysis at several universities that implement the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka curriculum. The research results show that the implementation of this curriculum varies between institutions, but generally creates opportunities for students to be more independent in choosing courses, determining learning paths, and combining learning experiences inside and outside the classroom. Observed positive impacts include increased student motivation, better mastery of the material, and more active involvement in the learning process. However, challenges such as the need to support students in planning their curriculum and assessing learning achievement remain a concern. Implementation of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka curriculum in tertiary institutions requires continuous attention and adjustments to provide maximum benefits for students
The Translation Procedures of Cultural Words in an Indonesian Phrasebook
Authors: Frihatmawati Rizky , Rentiana Leny Hikmah , Dhini Ulfa Rahma
Published: November 2023

The research aimed to find out what kind of translation procedures were used in cultural words in an Indonesian Phrasebook, how they were applied, and the most dominant procedure used in the translation. The writer took the data from the Indonesian Phrasebook by Lonely Planet. This research employed qualitative method with content analysis technique. The writer concluded that the translator used four procedures in translating Indonesian cultural words. The translation procedures were descriptive equivalent, cultural equivalent, couplet, and naturalization. The most dominant translation procedure is descriptive equivalent, and the least is naturalization. The translator tended to use descriptive equivalence procedures in the translation to keep the cultural features of the source text complete in the target language, and the description provides further information about the cultural words for the readers
Impact of Seasonal Variations (Aflatoxin M1 & Heavy metals) on Quality of Marketed Milk
Authors: Siddique Farzana , Arshad Muhammad , Zubair Faiza , Ijaz Aiman , Tufail Tabussam , Ali Zoha
Published: November 2023

This study thoroughly examined the safety and quality of commercially accessible milk in light of the growing concerns about food safety and its effects on public health. Objective: To monitor the amount of aflatoxin and heavy metals found in commercially available milk from different cities in central Punjab, Pakistan. Method: The collection of milk samples was done from three major cities in central Punjab, including Lahore, Faisalabad, and Jhang, to measure the contamination of Aflatoxin M1 and heavy metals from 2018-2019. Results: The maximum concentration of AFM1 (0.38-1.65µg/L) was observed in the semi-flush season from Lahore, followed by Faisalabad (0.37-1.63 µg/L) and Jhang (0.35-1.62µg/L) whereas, the minimum concentration of AFM1 (0.15-0.46µg/L) was observed during the lean season in the milk samples procured from Jhang, followed by Faisalabad (0.17-0.47µg/L) and Lahore (0.18-0.49µg/L). The levels of lead and cadmium in milk samples fluctuated seasonally, with Lahore having the highest contamination (Pb: 0.062ng/L, cadmium: 0.037ng/L), followed by Faisalabad and Jhang. Milk sample %ages exceeded the national and international aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) maximum residual limits (MRL). Conclusion:  All milk samples from different milking seasons were above the EU's maximum residual level of 0.05µg/L. They were still within the Pakistan Standard and Quality Control Authority's (10µg/L) recommended range.
Structure of maize yield depending on the fertilizer system in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe
Authors: Hospodarenko H.M. , Cherno O.D. , Lyubich V.V. , Sadovskyi I.S.
Published: November 2023

Aim. the research was to determine the manifestation of the influence of individual components of the corn crop structure on the formation of grain yield under the influence of weather conditions and fertilization systems. Methods. The research was carried out in a long-term stationary experiment of the Department of Agrochemistry and Soil Science of the Uman National University of Horticulture on podzolized heavy loam chernozem. The mass of 1000 grains was determined according to DSTU 4138-2000. Analysis of the structure of the harvest according to the "Methodology of the state variety testing of agricultural crops". Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the yield of corn increased by 25–39 % under the mineral fertilization system, 25–53 % organic, and 28–59 % organic-mineral, depending on the doses of fertilizers. The dependences of the fertilization system on the indicators of the structure of the corn crop are clarified and those that change the most under the influence of the factors of intensification of the cultivation technology are singled out. Under the influence of fertilizer, the biometric parameters of the cob increased by 4–10 %, and the number of grain rows increased by 0,3–1,7 pieces. The variability of these signs was weak (V = 5 %). The number of grains in a cob significantly increased under the influence of fertilizer– by 5–20 % with the average variability of the trait – V=11 %. The mass of grain from the cob varied reliably depending on weather conditions and fertilizer doses in the range from 100,9 to 226,2 g with a very high coefficient of variation – 25,3 %. Conclusions. Correlational dependences were revealed and a strong closeness between structure indicators and corn grain yield was established. It was established that the correlation coefficient between grain yield and cob length was r = 0,94, the number of grain rows – r = 0,84, and the weight of grain from one cob – r = 0,99. The obtained data can be used to optimize the fertilization system and the structure of corn crops in the Right Bank Forest Steppe depending on weather conditions.
Regulation of the fertility of gray forest soil in a long-term stationary experiment under different fertilization and liming systems
Authors: Tkachenko M.А. , Kondratiuk I.М. , Kudria S.О. , Zamlynska V.М.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To study the influence of the application of periodic liming, its effect and aftereffect under different systems of fertilization and saturation with agricultural crops in a 7-field crop rotation on the state of potential and effective fertility of gray forest soil. Methods. Field experiment, laboratory, analytical, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. Results. The scientific substantiation of agrotechnological measures for reproduction and regulation of the fertility of gray forest soil for long-term (30 years) agriculture is presented. The types and forms of manifestation, reproduction factors, potential regulation, and effective fertility were highlighted in the article. The analysis of changes in physicochemical and agrochemical properties under the influence of periodic liming and the use of various fertilizer systems for completed four rotations of a 7-field crop rotation was carried out. During rotations, I and II, the balance of calcium and magnesium in the soil were calculated for various organomineral fertilizers against the background of the use of limestone and dolomite flour. For rotations, I, II, III, and IV, the dynamics of humus content are reflected, and the optimal parameters of its reserves and ways to achieve a consistently high level with different mineral fertilizers are determined when using 10 t/ha of manure in rotations I and II, and in rotations III and IV for lack of dung from the use of green manure (up to 5 t/ha) and by-products (up to 5 t/ha) of crops of a 7-field crop rotation against the background of repeated liming. Based on thirty years of research, the main issues of conducting periodic chemical reclamation in combination with organic and mineral fertilizers are considered and the effectiveness of its action and aftereffect is proved, as well as the effectiveness of the use of a one-and-a-half dose of the ameliorant with prolonged intensive mineral load in agrocenoses is substantiated. The productivity of agrocenoses was given for the completed four rotations of a 7-field crop rotation on gray forest soil. A set of agrotechnological measures aimed at preventing the manifestation of degradation processes in arable gray forest soils and the full reproduction of their fertility elements in agrocenoses with various technologies for growing crops is substantiated.
Productivity and grain quality of winter wheat under different tillage and fertilisation of typical chernozem soil
Authors: Shapran V.S. , Demуdenko O.V.
Published: November 2023

Аіm. To show the comparative productivity and quality parameters of winter wheat grain under No-till system in the first year of application with systematic surface tillage and minimum ploughing in grain 5-field crop rotation in the central part of the Forest-Steppe. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and calculation. Results. In the autumn period, under minimum tillage by systematic ploughing, the density was in the range of 1.08–1.13 g/cm3 with a total porosity of 57–59% and a ratio of categories of moisture to air pores of 0.6–0.7 to 1 with K = 1.33–1.44. Under the No-till system for ploughing, the density of the structure was at the optimum level (1.08–1.18 g/cm3) with a porosity of 55–59% and a ratio of 0.4–0.6 to 1 with = 1.22–1.44. Under systematic surface tillage, the structure density was in the range of 1.02–1.14 g/cm3 with differentiation of 0–30 cm of soil layer: loose (1.02 g/cm3) – compacted (1.14 g/cm3) – loosened (1.12 g/cm3), which is closer to the optimal value than under ploughing and No-till tillage system. The total consumption of productive moisture reserves in parts of a metre thick layer was higher from the 50–100 cm layer: under ploughing – 61%, No-till tillage – 62%, surface tillage – 56%, No-till tillage – 61%, which can be explained by the developed root system of winter wheat in autumn. Under ploughing and surface tillage, the yield of wheat grain was the same, while under No-till, the yield of winter wheat grain was significantly lower by 1.08–1.27 t/ha and 1.62-2.06 t/ha, or by 19.0-21.3% and 24-31%. Under ploughing and surface tillage – protein 13.2–13.5%, crude gluten – 25.2–25.6%, and under No-till 12.5–12.7% and 24.2–25.4%, respectively. Conclusions. The analysis of crop yields under different methods of cultivation and fertilisation showed that in the first year of application of No-till systems, compared to ploughing and surface tillage, their low efficiency was revealed.
The effect of anthropogenic load on the environmental state of rural settlements in the Rivnе and Ternopil regions
Authors: Davydiuk H.V. , Shkarivska L.I. , Klymenko I.I. , Dovbash N.I. , Kushchuk M.A. , Hirnyk V.V.
Published: November 2023

Aim. Investigate the state of soils and natural waters to identify the impact of anthropogenic load on the ecological state of rural settlements in the Rivne and Ternopil regions. Methods. The route monitoring method was used to conduct research. Chemical-analytical studies were performed according to the methods that correspond to the regulatory framework of Ukraine. Results. Human agricultural activity within the settlements of Rivne and Ternopil regions had a certain influence on the main indicators of soil quality. It was most significant on the less fertile soils of the Rivne region. The lack of ameliorative measures (periodic liming), an unbalanced ratio between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and non-compliance with the rules of crop rotation lead to deterioration of soil quality indicators. Due to the uncontrolled application of ash, organic fertilizers, etc., by owners on homesteads, a very high supply of mobile phosphorus compounds was noted – from 318.2 to 1200 mg/kg of soil and an average of 101.2 mg/kg and a very high supply of mobile potassium compounds – 760 mg/kg of soil. In the Ternopil region, on more fertile soils, an improvement in physicochemical and agrochemical indicators of fertility was noted on homestead plots and fields compared to fallows, which indicates the introduction of mineral and organic fertilizers, ash, etc. by the owners. On homesteads and fields, a decrease in the exchangeable acidity of the soil by 0.7–0.9 units and indicators of hydrolytic acidity up to 2.4 times compared to fallows was noted. The humus content tended to accumulate. The content of mobile phosphorus and potassium compounds in homesteads and fields was almost 1.8 times higher than in fallows. Quality indicators of drinking water samples taken in populated areas did not exceed regulatory requirements. Conclusions. A study of the state of settlement areas in the Rivne and Ternopil regions showed a significant influence of anthropogenic human activity on soil quality indicators. Therefore, monitoring the migration and accumulation of biogenic elements and ecotoxicants is important to prevent soil and natural water pollution.
Historical stages of creation of soft winter wheat varieties in NSC «Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences»
Authors: Holyk L.M. , Shtakal M.І. , Levchenko O.S. , Tymoshenko O. V. , Shpakovych I.V.
Published: November 2023

Aim. Solving the tasks of creating a variety of soft winter wheat at each stage of the historical development of the programs is impossible without an appropriate theoretical generalization of increasing yield, improving the resistance of the best candidate varieties to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, reproducing valuable economic traits and selecting plants with high performance grain quality. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. At each stage of the research, varieties with higher yield and economic value were created using different methods in the selection process. Selection and hybridization methods are characteristic for the I-II stage. From the III-VI stage, an unconventional method of injecting soft winter wheat grains with the endosperm of winter rye was started, as a result of which the Poliska 70 and Poliska 90 wheat varieties were created. The method of chemical mutagenesis was expanded. Included in the hybridization Wheat-sedge hybrid (PPG). Thanks to PPG, at the VIII stage, the varieties Pam’yati Girka, Spivanka Poliska were created. At the VII stage, ecological research was launched not only in the Polissia zone, but also in the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine, and the method of thermal mutagenesis was used. At the VIII-IX stages, Romanivna and Zaotar varieties were created using this method. Pyryatinka, Lubito. With a combination of thermal mutagenesis and hybridization of Osyaina and Zemlerob varieties. The IX (military) stage is characterized by sowing without fertilizers and without the use of insecticides and fungicides. Conclusions. The best varieties of soft winter wheat of the competitive variety test according to yield in the selective crop rotation of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences» − Kraevyd, Myrolyubna, Krasunya Poliska, Kesaria Poliska, Efectna, Namysto, Merezhka, Vodogray, Presygna, Spivanka Poliska, Fortsia Poliska, Pyryatinka, Mokosha, Zemlerob, Lubito. On the breeding base Kopylyv proved themselves better − Polysyanka, Vodogray, Romanivna, Namisto, Kraevyd, Prestighna, Rusyava. At the Panfilsk research station – Myrolyubna, Kesaria Poliska, Merezhka, Pamiati Girka, Polysyanka, Kraevyd, Vodogray, Zmelerob. At the Cherkasy research station (the village of Kholodnyanske, Cherkasy district and the village of Drabovo-Boryatynske, Zolotonsky district) Poliska Fortress, Kesaria Poliska, Polysyanka, Kraevyd, Poliska Spivanka.
Changes in the physical and chemical properties of typical chernozem soil during intensive agriculture in Forest-Steppe agrolandscapes
Authors: Tkachenko M.A. , Kondratiuk I.М. , Zadubynna Ye.V. , Tarasenko O.A. , Tsyuk O.A.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To study the peculiarities of changes in the physicochemical properties of chernozem soil during intensive farming in the agrolandscapes of the Forest-Steppe. Methods. Field experiment, laboratory, analytical, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. Results. The scientific justification of agrotechnological measures to preserve the potential and increase the effective fertility of typical chernozem under the conditions of application of tillage and mineral fertilizer systems is presented. An analysis of the dynamics of physico-chemical properties under the influence of the use of no-till technology, shallow disk cultivation, plowing with the use of various mineral fertilizers for the cultivation of sunflower and corn for grain was carried out. The impact of cultivation systems and mineral fertilization on changes in physicochemical properties is highlighted, the dynamics of humus content is analyzed, the optimal parameters of its reserves are determined, and the methods of achieving a stably high level of different mineral fertilizers using no-till technology, disking and plowing. Conclusions. On the basis of research, the main key questions regarding the regulation of physico-chemical properties indicators for tillage and mineral fertilization systems were considered, and the effectiveness of the use of no-till technology, shallow disc tillage was proven, and the effectiveness of plowing under long-term intensive mineral load for the cultivation of sunflower and corn was substantiated on grain. The yields of sunflower and corn per grain are given on chernozem typical of intensive farming. The types and forms of manifestation, factors of reproduction and regulation of the potential and increase of effective fertility of black soil are highlighted. A set of agrotechnological measures aimed at preventing the degradation of arable black soils and protecting their fertility in agrocenoses under various agrotechnologies of growing agricultural crops is substantiated.
Productivity of sugar beet under alternative organic-mineral fertilization
Authors: Ivanina V.V. , Таbachuk О.О.
Published: November 2023

Aim. Investigate the effect of doses and methods of applying nitrogen fertilizers, the use of micronutrients fertilizers on the productivity of sugar beet under an alternative organic-mineral fertilization system. Methods. Short-term field and analytical. Results. The results of research on the influence of nitrogen nutrition and micronutrients fertilizers on the productivity of sugar beet under alternative organic-mineral fertilization are presented. It was determined that the spring application of nitrogen fertilizers and foliar feeding with microfertilizers under plowing winter wheat straw into the soil increased the yield of roots - by 22.5−23.7 t/ha, stabilized sugar content at the level of 18.2−18.3% and ensured maximum sugar yield – 12.0−12.3 t/ha. Conclusions. It was found that in conditions of sufficient moisture on leached chernozem, the use of alternative organic-mineral fertilization systems increased sugar yield compared to the control without fertilizers by 3.1−4.4 t/ha. The application of nitrogen fertilizers in the fall under deep plowing against the background of alternative fertilization is determined to be less effective than their application in the spring under pre-sowing cultivation. Applying 5 t/ha of straw + N90P90K130 under plowing ensured the yield of roots – 60.4 t/ha, sugar yield – 11.0 t/ha, while 5 t/ha of straw + P90K130 under plowing + N90 under pre-sowing cultivation – 64, 5 and 11.6 t/ha, respectively. Application of 5 t/ha of straw + P90K130 under plowing + N90 under pre-sowing cultivation + foliar feeding with composite micronutrients fertilizer in the phase of leaf closure in rows and between rows was determined to be the most effective for sugar beet: yield of roots – 67.0 t/ha, sugar yield – 12.3 with an increase to the control without fertilizers by 23.7 and 4.4 t/ha.
Efficiency of using growth stimulators and microelements in pea growing technology
Authors: Dvoretska S.P. , Lyubchich O.H. , Karazhbey T.V , Shevchuk M.I.
Published: November 2023

Aim. To study the effectiveness of application in a single technological process of fertilization, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with drugs based on an active strain of nodule bacteria, a growth stimulator of biological origin, microfertilizers in a loose form to increase the productivity of peas. Methods. The research program included: phenological observations on the development of plants (phases of development and stages of organogenesis), morphological – on the formation of productivity elements, the leaf apparatus and the duration of its functioning, morphophysiological – on the dynamics of the development of productivity elements, the formation of productive potential. Results. The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the formation of pea plants and their yield. The maximum level of realization of the productivity potential of peas was provided by technology projects that provide for the application of mineral fertilizers in doses of N30P45K60 and N15P45K60 + N15 + N15 kg/ha d.r. in top dressing in the «branching» and «budding» phases with the simultaneous application of Maxi-Grow Excel and Tropical products against the background of inoculation of seeds with a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria BTU-r, under such growing technologies the yield of pea grain was – 3,74 t/ha, 3,85 t/ha. The authors of the research found that during the period of flowering and formation of beans, the investigated preparations, both of biological and chemical origin, contributed to the formation of higher pea plants with greater biomass, leaf surface and mass of dry matter, compared to the control variant. On average, according to the experiment on options with mineral fertilizer, the use of Maxi-Grow Excel biostimulator increased crop yield by 0.24; 0.22 t/ha; simultaneous application of Maxi-Grow Excel growth biostimulator and Tropicel microfertilizer at 0.58; 0.62 t/ha, the increase from pre-sowing inoculation of BTU seeds with a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was 0,35 t/ha. Conclusions. The maximum productivity indicators were obtained by applying mineral fertilizers in doses of N30P45K60 and N15P45K60 +N15+ N15 kg/ha d.r. in top dressing at III-IV and VIII stages of organogenesis with the simultaneous introduction of Maxi-Grow Excel preparations (in the «branching» and «budding» phases) and Tropicale (in the budding phase) against the background of seed inoculation with a strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria BTU-r. Under such cultivation technologies, the yield of peas was 3.74 t/ha, 3.85 t/ha, the level of conditional net profit was UAH 13.686–14.016/ha, the profitability was 84%, under favorable weather conditions (2016) – 5.18 t/ha and 5.25 t/ha).
CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING JAPANESE AND INDONESIAN: AN INTERACTION ON VLOG CHANNEL
Authors: Wijaya Putra Abdul Rahman , Rahman Fathu , Iswary Ery
Published: November 2023

Code Switching and Code Mixing are one of the pragmatic studies in the sociolinguistics field. The rapid language phenomena related to it is in line with the development of information technology facilitated by the internet. This linguistic event is marked by the symptoms of multilingualism and multiculturalism. The purpose of this research is formulated as follows; 1) Explain the causes of Code Switching and Code Mixing in the Indonesian and Japanese YouTuber Channel video blogs, and 2) Describe the functions of Code Switching and Code Mixing in the Indonesian and Japanese YouTube Channel video blogs. Both of these goals can be achieved through an inventory of data related to Code Switching and Code Mixing from conversations in vlogs. This research used descriptive qualitative meyhod by utilizing Holmes' theory. From the analysis conducted, the important points from the Code Switching aspect occur because; 1) the communication style of speakers and recipients of speech, 2) the presence of people and or third parties, and the need to explain something in a certain context, 3). Then, from the aspect of Code Mixing in general, it is caused by 1) multilingual speakers and interlocutors, 2) the influence of multicultural life, and 3) accidentally using something from another language. Based on the discussion, it can be seen that Code Switching and Code Mixing occur because of one's habits, needs, and speaking style, and fill in the blanks, create familiarity, and to reinforce something. These conclusions answer the objectives of the research, namely 1) to explain the causes of Code Switching and Code Mixing, and 2) to describe the functions of Code Switching and Code Mixing. Of course with the object of the Indonesian and Japanese YouTube Channel video blogs, and at the same time the main data source. Specifically, this research has shown that Code Switching and Code Mixing under certain conditions and situations may be a transfer of language usage not only to the two languages but more than that.
LEGISLATURE AND DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE 9th NATIONAL ASSEMBLY IN NIGERIA
Authors: Osayomwanbor IMUETINYAN Sophia , Frederick OGBEIDE , Osazee Israel ENABUNENE
Published: November 2023

The 9th National Assembly in Nigeria was elected in 2015 and represents the most extensive democratic period of legislative governance in the country’s history. This study examines the performance of the National Assembly as a mechanism of democratic governance in Nigeria. Specifically, we explore the legislative processes used by the Assembly, the extent of its accountability to the electorate, and the way it has impacted Nigerian democracy and development. Structural functionalism was adopted as the theoretical framework on the function of the Legislature, we employed qualitative methods to explain the Legislature and good governance, and evaluate the performance of the ninth assembly of the Nigerian State. The analysis of its roles in the creation of laws revealed a sizable disparity in terms of public involvement and consultation. Findings also revealed that the poor relationship between the executive and the legislative branch of government has slowed the development of democratic governance. It is recommended that Nigerian Legislators should prioritize legislative productivity and concentrate on passing legislation that will directly benefit society. In conclusion it was deduced that there is a substantial disparity between legislators and their constituents, according to the appraisal of legislators' performance in the Ninth Assembly in terms of representation as most law makers are perceived to be self-serving.
EFFECTS OF SCHOOL LEARNING FACILITIES ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF FORM FOUR NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN UNGUJA, ZANZIBAR, TANZANIA
Authors: John Kibona Amos , Muteti Dr Catherine , Salema Dr. Victorini
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of school learning facilities on students’ academic performance of Form Four National Examinations in public secondary schools in Unguja, Zanzibar, Tanzania. The study employed a convergent research design under mixedmethod approach, which involved collecting and analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data simultaneously. The target population for the study was 3,558 individuals, and a sample size of 266 respondents was selected. The sample included six heads of schools, who were chosen using a total population sampling technique, 24 teachers were selected through stratified sampling technique, 218 students through stratified sampling technique, and 18 parents through convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using questionnaires, observation schedules, and interview guides. Quantitative data was analyzed descriptively, employing frequencies, percentages, and mean scores, which were presented in a table. On the other hand, qualitative data was analyzed through paraphrasing, quoting, and narration. The findings revealed that school learning facilities significantly affects students’ academic performance in public secondary schools. The researcher recommends that, the government should continue providing more learning facilities to public secondary schools, in order to make them readily available, parents should also be involved in providing school learning facilities to public secondary schools.
BLENDED LEARNING PRACTICES BASED ON THE THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
Authors: Hao Li
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, teaching emphasizes "student-centered" and returns the learning autonomy to students, and improve students' multiple intelligences in an enriched and effective classroom. The emergence and fast development of the blended learning with digital technologies have made a great breakthrough in the teaching methodology. This study suggests some blended learning practices in and outside of the classroom on encouraging teachers to utilize digital platforms and social media in their teaching, and help to improve multiple intelligences for their students. Based on the practices in blended learning, this study also reveals that under the guidance of the theory of multiple intelligences, teaching with digital technology and tools can help to develop students' diversified intelligences, and make the learning experiences more effective.
FUNCTIONS OF CODE SWITCHING IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLASSROOM IN SELECTED SCHOOLS IN MBOONI WEST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kwamboka Robina Kereu , E. Simiyu Dr. Evelyn , Mmbwanga Dr. Florence
Published: November 2023

The aim of this research was to establish the functions of code switching in the English language classroom in Mbooni West sub county. The functions are based on language use by both the teachers and the students in the classroom setup. The study applied Communication Accommodation Theory developed by Giles and Coupland. The study adopted a descriptive Survey Research design. The area of study was 15 selected schools in Mbooni west Sub County. The methods of collecting data were: an observation schedule, teachers and students’ questionnaires. The target population for this study was the teachers and students in 41 public schools in Mbooni West Sub County. The sample size of the study was 300 students and 60 teachers of English from 15 schools that were sampled through purposive and simple random sampling methods. Both qualitative and quantitative methods were applied in the analysis of the data. The findings of the study revealed that code switching enhances the teaching/learning of English-speaking skills. The teachers use code switching for curriculum access, for classroom management discourse and for interpersonal relationships. Learners used code switching as a communicative strategy, for affective functions and for socio pragmatic functions.