bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INGLIZ TILIDАGI BОG‘DОRCHILIK TERMINLАRINING LEKSIK-SEMАNTIK TАDQIQI
Authors: Diyаrоv Аkmаl
Published: January 2025

In this аrticle, sоme аspects оf the lexicаl-semаntic reseаrch оf gаrdening terms in the English lаnguаge, including lexicаl relаtiоns thаt аllоw dividing them intо themаtic grоups аnd the divisiоn оf wоrds intо grаmmаticаlly relevаnt pаrts, аre studied. In аdditiоn, the mаpping between the semаntics оf hоrticulturаl terms аnd their аssоciаted syntаx is discussed.
RUS TILI DARSLARIDA O‘QUVCHILARNING TANQIDIY FIKRLASHINI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING PEDAGOGIK TAJRIBASI
Authors: Хусанова Машхура
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to the development of critical thinking skills in students during Russian language lessons. It examines the concept of critical thinking from philosophical, psychological, and pedagogical perspectives, analyzing its characteristics as a controlled, reasoned, and goal-oriented process. The significance of discussions and working with texts is highlighted as essential for building analysis, argumentation, and reflection skills. The article also explores specific techniques, such as the cluster method and the “INSERT” method, used to cultivate critical thinking through meaningful reading and writing.
NEMIS TILIDАGI ES OLMOSHI VА UNING ISHLАTILISHIDАGI BА’ZI XUSUSIYАTLАRI
Authors: Аbdullаyevа Gulnorа
Published: January 2025

This аrticle tаkes а detаiled look аt Germаn pronouns, their types, functions аnd usаge, аs well аs scientific reseаrch on the topic; the аuthor of the аrticle expressed his reаction to the work of foreign аnd locаl scholаrs.
MА’NАVIY BАRKАMОLLIKDА MILLIY QАDRYАTLАRNING О‘RNI
Authors: Аxmedоv Sherzоdjоn
Published: January 2025

This аrticle discusses the rоle оf nаtiоnаl vаlues in spirituаl mаturity. In tоdаy's erа оf sоciо-ecоnоmic develоpment, оne оf the impоrtаnt wаys оf ensuring the yоuth's аctivity is the sоlid fоrmаtiоn оf nаtiоnаl custоms аnd trаditiоns in their minds. Оur primаry gоаl is tо educаte а spirituаlly mаture аnd perfect persоn.
ZAMONAVIY QISSALARDA XARAKTER YARATISH IZLANISHLARI
Authors: Nizomov Farxod
Published: January 2025

In the article, one of the widely studied topics in literary studies is expressed some comments on the question of literary character. An attempt was made to express reasonable opinions on issues such as its types and difficulties of creation, the writer's artistic skills, the role of his style in this regard, and the importance of character in epic genres. The topic was discussed during the analysis of the stories of Abdukayum Yoldosh and Lukman Borikhon, two skilled representatives of Uzbek prose of the independence period. Analysis of their creative approach to character creation is provided. In justifying the opinions, the theoretical views of famous literary scholars and some examples of world literature were referred to.
REASSESSING GREEN BOX SUBSIDIES: A CRITICAL EVALUATION WITHIN THE WTO AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE FRAMEWORK
Authors: Toirov Azizbek
Published: January 2025

This article critically examines the scope, criteria, and implementation challenges of green box subsidies within the AoA framework. Special attention is given to the nuanced conditions for qualifying subsidies, the balance between social objectives and trade obligations, and the implications for developing countries, particularly in achieving food security.
"МAЪРИФИЙ ТAРҒИБОТ" ТУШУНЧAСИНИНГ МAЗМУН-МОҲИЯТИ
Authors: Vaxabov Mansur
Published: January 2025

This article introduces the concept of "educational propaganda," which has not yet been incorporated into the scientific discourse of the field of spiritual studies. It discusses its definition, description, essence, and content, as well as its relationship with other types of propaganda and agitation, and its significance in social life. The relevance and necessity of educational propaganda for the realization of the goals related to the spiritual domain in the development strategy of the New Uzbekistan are also substantiated.
“PANISLOMIZM” VA “PANTURKIZM” MAFKURALARINING FALSAFIY TAHLILI
Authors: Yusupova Dildora
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes from the point of view of the philosophy of history the political movements carried out by reformers in the countries of the Middle East and the Turkestan region, as well as the processes of adaptation to the socio-historical conditions of such ideologies as pan-Islamism and pan-Turkism, which served as the reason for the activation of these movements.
RЕALIYA TILSHUNOSLIKNING O‘RGANISH OBYЕKTI SIFATIDA
Authors: Umarxonova Guliruxsor
Published: January 2025

This articlе is dеvotеd to rеalitiеs, thеir еssеncе, linguacultural fеaturеs. Thе articlе also analyzеs thе rеalitiеs that arе part of thе Uzbеk vocabulary, and shows thе uniquеnеss of thе national coloring charactеristic of thе languagе.
RANGNING ANTROPOTSENTRIK SUBSTANSIYA SIFATIDAGI TALQINI
Authors: Matmurodov Xojimurod
Published: January 2025

This article examines the formation and semantic features of such color designations as black, blue, brown, green, gray, orange, pink, purple, red, white, yellow, which are among the main color lexemes in modern English. The cognitive properties of color nomination are analyzed.
ХХ AСР 20-ЙИЛЛAРИ ЎЗБЕКИСТOН ИҚТИСOДИЁТИНИНГ ХУСУСИЯТЛAРИ
Authors: Inatov Murot , Safarov Soyib
Published: January 2025

The article provides an analysis of the features of the economy of Uzbekistan in the second half of the 20th century, which indicates the reasons for the weak development of the economy of the republic. The article analyzes many statistics related to the state of the republic's economy. All this provides reliable information about the economy of Uzbekistan in the "studied period."
HOBBS ALGORITMINING O‘ZBEK TILI MATNLARIGA TATBIQI
Authors: Jumaqulova Nasiba
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the problem of solving coreference related to pronouns, the advantages and disadvantages of using the Hobbs algorithm to solve it. It also describes the specific features of the Hobbs algorithm and instructions for its use. The algorithm is applied to Uzbek texts and its working principle is studied.
RАQАMLАSHGАN JАMIYАTDА О‘QITUVCHILАRNING АXBОRОT KОMPETENSIYАSINING SHАKLLАNISH АSОSLАRI
Authors: Turdаliyevа Feruzа
Published: January 2025

Tо dаte, digitаl technоlоgies hаve mаnаged tо cоver аll аspects оf оur sоciety. The trаining оf suitаble persоnnel tаking plаce in а digitаlized sоciety is оne оf the mаin tаsks оf the educаtiоn system.  The rоle оf teаchers in digitаl trаnsfоrmаtiоn is аlsо greаt becаuse оf the impаct оf glоbаlizаtiоn оn this prоcess. This аrticle will cоnsider the theоreticаl аspects оf such key cоncepts аs “infоrmаtiоn cоmpetence”, “digitаl literаcy” аnd its cоmpоnents in teаcher trаining, with аn аnаlysis оf аvаilаble resоurces.
РЕЛИГИОЗНАЯ ЖИЗНЬ КАРАКАЛПАКСТАНА В 1941-1945 ГГ
Authors: Раматуллаев Маман
Published: January 2025

The article talks about the policy of the Soviet government regarding religion and Islam in Karakalpakstan in 1941-1945, the government’s attitude towards religion and religious life during the Second World War.
Development of Modified RSA Cryptosystem via Octonion Algebra
Authors: Hamza Mohammed , Abboud Sahab , Yassein Hassan
Published: January 2025

Researchers and those interested in data encryption are constantly working to provide new methods that increase security against attacks that seek to access the original data or by developing methods that currently work well. In this paper, we present a new method by using octonion algebra to develop the mathematical structure of the modified RSA, which increases its security and all its phases in the face of various attacks.
Alfabetización inicial con inteligencia artificial
Authors: Tamares Peña Janilka Jennifer , García López Ramona Imelda
Published: January 2025

This work addresses initial literacy from technology with artificial intelligence (AI) and tools that are favorable in this process; This serves as a dissemination so that the entire educational community can use it in initial literacy in the first three grades of the Primary Level. The school, together with its teaching staff, has the challenge of introducing technology into its activities and explaining to parents how they can collaborate with their children. Likewise, the Ministry of Education of the Dominican Republic has to continue training teachers to use them in the classroom. use of these tools to facilitate the teaching-learning process with their students. It is a bibliographic documentary study
STEAM en República Dominicana: retos presentes y oportunidades para el futuro
Authors: Moronta Diaz Sobeida
Published: January 2025

The STEAM approach (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) has proven to be an innovative strategy for improving educational quality by fostering critical competencies such as creativity and problem-solving. In the Dominican Republic, its implementation has shown significant progress in specific contexts, although structural challenges limit its adoption at a national level. The purpose of this study was to analyze the current state of STEAM education in the country, identifying thematic gaps in the literature and proposing strategies to optimize its application. The research employed a qualitative approach based on a narrative literature review, gathering data from international and local sources and prioritizing studies that reflected the particularities of the Dominican context. The findings revealed successful cases, such as the Liceo Científico Dr. Miguel Canela Lázaro, where STEAM has enhanced academic performance and reduced learning gaps. However, limitations persist regarding teacher training, access to technological resources, and territorial inequality. It is concluded that the STEAM approach holds great potential to transform education in the country, provided that inclusive policies are implemented, teaching capacities are strengthened, and equity in access to resources is promoted.
IMPULSIVIDADE DE TAXISTAS E MOTOFRETISTAS
Authors: Silva Carlos Augusto Descio Sousa , Silva Lucas Oliveira Tavares da , Nascimento Leonardo Ogura do , Yoshida Lucas , Pereira Matheus Alves , Almeida Matheus Elias de , Silva Sérgio Gomes da
Published: January 2025

This article sought to find subsidies that would verify the association of the degree of impulsiveness of taxi drivers and motorcycle couriers with their respective numbers of accidents. The project consisted of data collection through the Impulsivity questionnaire of Barratt 11 (BIS-11) which evaluated the impulsiveness of individuals, that is, the decision making without evaluating all its implications, of motorcyclists and taxi drivers. A higher percentage of motorcyclists (treatment) that fit the classification of highly impulsive was observed, in relation to taxi drivers (control). In the normal limit of impulsivity, the largest number of taxi drivers was verified. Through the tests applied, there is an association between the greater impulsivity of motoboys, mainly in the attentional and motor domains, and the greater association with accidents in relation to taxi drivers. Therefore, the results of this research will enable future projects through the responsible bodies to have the scientific foundations to develop public safety policies in traffic, in order to correlate such data to discover the reason for motorcyclists to have more accidents, thus contributing to an improvement. in urban traffic through a reduction in the number of accidents.
EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA E A FUNÇÃO DA FAMÍLIA: UM ESTUDO POR MEIO DE PRODUÇÕES ACADÊMICAS
Authors: Vascocelo Shirley Gielma Costa , Santos Márcia Conceição , Azevedo Antonio Gilson Barbosa
Published: January 2025

A Educação Inclusiva busca garantir o direito à educação para todos, respeitando as diferenças e promovendo a igualdade de oportunidades. Nesse processo, a família desempenha um papel essencial, atuando como suporte emocional e colaborador na adaptação dos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais ao ambiente escolar. A parceria entre escola e família é fundamental para criar estratégias pedagógicas que favoreçam a inclusão e o desenvolvimento acadêmico e social dos estudantes. Legislações como a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (1996) e a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão (2015) reforçam a responsabilidade do Estado, da escola e da família na promoção de uma educação inclusiva e de qualidade. A literatura acadêmica destaca que, ao colaborar com a escola, a família não apenas contribui com informações valiosas sobre as necessidades do aluno, mas também ajuda a construir um ambiente de confiança e motivação. Entretanto, desafios como a falta de recursos, formação inadequada de professores e resistência ao modelo inclusivo ainda dificultam a plena implementação da Educação Inclusiva. Assim, conclui-se que o sucesso desse modelo depende de esforços integrados, capacitação contínua e estratégias colaborativas que fortaleçam a parceria entre escola e família, promovendo uma educação mais equitativa e transformadora.
METILXANTINAS NO TRATAMENTO DA APNEIA DA PREMATURIDADE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Brito Cristiana Bridge da Silva , Barros Rodrigo Alexandre Torres , Lima Elaine Maria Souza , Nascimento Maria Alânia da Silva , Santos Nayara Fernanda dos , Alves Kaíque Ferreira , Chagas Ainã Barbosa , Santos Carolina Gama Martins dos , Silva Igor Wanderley Magalhães , Silva Jakson Henrique
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is characterized by pauses in breathing lasting 20 seconds or more, or by short interruptions with bradycardia (<100 bpm), cyanosis or pallor. The incidence of AOP is related to the degree of prematurity, being more common in newborns (NB) with gestational age (GA) <28 weeks. The presence of adenosine receptors in the brain and other systems means that the use of methylxanthines, such as caffeine, causes side effects by acting as a non-specific antagonist of these receptors. Caffeine citrate is widely recognized in neonatal medicine as the treatment of choice for apnea of prematurity, stimulating the respiratory system, reducing apnea episodes, aiding extubation and accelerating the discontinuation of positive pressure devices. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the use of methylxanthines in the treatment of apnea of prematurity, describing their efficacy, safety and impact on the discontinuation of ventilatory support. METHODOLOGY: Literature review in the PubMed and BIREME databases, including articles available in full text, published in the last ten years and without language restrictions. The search took place in the months of October and November 2024, guided by the crossing of descriptors standardized by the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): “caffeine”, “premature newborn” and “apnea”. Review studies were excluded to prioritize primary data and empirical evidence. RESULTS: Three randomized clinical trials and one cohort study were included, involving 3,410 newborns with a mean GA of 30 ± 1.97 weeks, all undergoing AOP treatment with caffeine citrate. Treatment lasted, on average, 6 weeks with an average loading dosage of 32 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg/day for maintenance. Treatment with caffeine citrate contributed to a significant reduction in the need to use IMV and CPAP and to early ventilatory weaning, in addition to reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis. CONCLUSION: With good approval in reducing apnea in premature babies, caffeine has been facilitating the removal of positive pressure breathing devices.
COMUNICAÇÃO ENFERMEIRO - FAMÍLIA NO PROCESSO DE DOAÇÃO DE ÓRGÃOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Carvalho Vivian Aragão
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Communication with the family of a potential organ and tissue donor, particularly during the family interview process, is essential for informed decision-making. However, it is a delicate process, as families are approached during a time of emotional vulnerability, sadness, and grief, regarding the possibility of donation. Objectives: The aim is to explore the strategies used by nurses in communicating with the family of a potential organ donor during the family interview, as well as to highlight and discuss the key findings. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, built through the analysis of articles indexed in online databases and journals such as Google Scholar and Scielo. Results: The findings show that nurses' strategies are based on managing the difficult situations encountered during the family interview. Conclusion: Literature on the understanding and behavior of nurses who are members of the Notification, Capture, and Distribution Center of Organs (CIHDOTT) or the Organ Procurement Organization (OPO) during the family interview is scarce, despite the undeniable obstacles they face.
ANÁLISE DA INTERAÇÃO ENTRE QUEIMADAS, POLUIÇÃO DO AR E COVID-19 NO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Gomes Gabriele Marcelino , Nascimento Luiz Fernando Costa
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate whether there is a relationship between exposure to air pollutants arising from fires that occur more severely during the dry period in the state of Rondônia and analyze whether there is a correlation with increases in the number of hospitalizations due to the Coronavirus virus that causes the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Rondônia (Brazil). Methods: Ecological and exploratory epidemiological study, data on deaths and hospitalizations due to COVID-19 were analyzed, the number of fire outbreaks between the years 2020 and 2021, taking into account the importance of social indicators within the theme, were indicators (IBP) are incorporated. Results: Suggest that poorer populations are more susceptible to communicable diseases, which includes the COVID-19 virus. The results indicate that hospitalization case rates did not demonstrate a positive result during the period of large fire outbreaks. Conclusion: Fire outbreaks showed a positive correlation with hospitalization and death rates. The IBP shows that municipalities that provide the population with better access to healthcare have the lowest fatality rates. Therefore, municipalities with high values ​​regarding the IBP variable indicate a relationship with increases in fire outbreaks and fatalities. with more deaths from COVID-19, especially among the months with the highest number of fires. The IBP showed a significant influence on the distribution of cases of COVID-19 disease in the respective years.
A EFICÁCIA DA AÇÃO CIVIL PÚBLICA NO RESSARCIMENTO DOS DANOS AO ERÁRIO
Authors: Rolim Raissa dos Santos Bastos , Lima Edilson Vitorelli Diniz
Published: January 2025

A sociedade brasileira vive um momento de corrupção “institucionalizada”, que a está levando a um iminente colapso econômico. A desonestidade dos agentes públicos, o suborno e a usurpação procaz ao erário corroboram para esse estado quase caótico do momento sócio-político-econômico brasileiro. Os casos recentes do “Mensalão” e da “Lava Jato” que se arrasta por anos dão a nota a este caminho. Ao Ministério Público foi dado o dever de garantir o ressarcimento integral dos danos causados ao erário público. Por outro lado, a população também possui o dever essencial e efetivo no combate à corrupção. Deve-se sempre utilizar meios garantidos pela Constituição Democrática, para inibir a prática de tais atos ímprobos. Para que o combate seja efetivo é necessária uma constante fiscalização dos agentes públicos. Quanto mais efetiva for essa fiscalização, menos recorrente se tornará a prática de atos de improbidade moldada pela corrupção pública. Todo e cada cidadão necessita fazer uso dos seus direitos, fiscalizando os atos administrativos. “A publicidade é, pois, fundamental para que os direitos conferidos constitucional e legalmente ao cidadão possam ser mais que a letra de norma jurídica, mas tenham efetividade jurídica social". “A democracia não é o sistema que garante o paraíso na terra, mas é o sistema que impede que o inferno se instale”
Konsep Humanisme Dalam Khotbah Masa Kini
Authors: Taneo Sara Imelda
Published: January 2025

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsep humanisme sebagai salah satu komponen dasar dari falsafah gerakan zaman baru. Konsep ini meyakini bahwa manusia adalah allah bagi dirinya, sehingga hendak menemukan realitas Ilahi dalam kehidupannya. Melihat hal ini, maka studi literatur digunakan oleh penulis untuk menganalisis konsep humanisme dalam khotbah masa kini. Hasil kajian menemukan bahwa konsep humanisme dalam khotbah masa kini seringkali bertaut dengan self-motivation, positive thinking, dan lainnya. Khotbah masa kini hanya mengedepankan konsep humanisme sebagai esensi dasar dari jati diri manusia. Akibatnya, iman percaya kepada Tuhan perlahan tergantikan, dari Tuhan kepada diri sendiri. Oleh sebab itu, khotbah di masa kini seyogyanya tidak melepaskan esensi dasar dari jati diri manusia. Mengingat hakikat manusia yang berdosa tidak akan membawa kesadaran akan potensi keIlahian. Hanya kasih karunia dari Allah yang mampu membawa manusia untuk menumbuhkan potensi tersebut, sehingga kembali percaya pada Tuhan dan tidak berpusat pada dirinya. inilah yang perlu diterapkan oleh para pengkhotbah dalam menyampaikan firman Tuhan di masa kini.
Prasangka dan Rasisme: Studi Deskriptif Terhadap Pandangan Mahasiswa/i Teologi
Authors: Pemberian
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan mahasiswa/i terkait prasangka dan rasisme terhadap mahasiswa/i Teologi yang tinggal di asrama, dimana prasangka dan rasisme merupakan sikap maupun tindakan diskriminasi terhadap orang yang berbeda karena identitas etnis ataupun warna kulitnya. Peneliti menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang terjadi. Proses analisis melibatkan 36 mahasiswa/i yang dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner yang terdiri dari tiga variabel. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama pada pengalaman negatif, mayoritas responden tidak setuju terhadap prasangka dan rasisme, meskipun beberapa mengaku masih memiliki prasangka buruk, mengalami dan melakukan tindakan rasis. Kedua, pengalaman positif menunjukkan mayoritas memiliki kemampuan mendengarkan dan merasakan kebebasan berpendapat, meski ada yang menganggap asrama kurang nyaman untuk ditempati. Ketiga, pengalaman transformatif menghasilkan persentase dominan terkait kerja sama dan kemampuan mengelola konflik, tetapi masih ada kecenderungan membentuk kelompok berdasarkan etnis. Dengan demikian, dalam kehidupan berasrama, mahasiswa/i dapat berperan aktif dalam membangun interaksi dan kerja sama dengan orang lain, tanpa harus terikat dengan identitas etnis tertentu. Selain itu, pembina dan mentor di asrama juga perlu strategis yang tepat guna mendukung praksis nilai-nilai multikultural berbasis transformatif dan aksi sosial di lingkungan asrama.
Menjadi Influencer Positif: Teladan Bagi Kaum Muda Kristen Berdasarkan 1 Timotius 4:12
Authors: Febri Hendrikson
Published: January 2025

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsep dan karakteristik seorang influencer positif berdasarkan sudut pandang Alkitab, dengan penekanan pada prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung dalam 1 Timotius 4:12. Tidak semua influencer memberikan teladan yang baik dalam perkataan, tingkah laku, kasih, kesetiaan, dan kesucian baik dalam lingkungan serta dalam media sosial. Oleh karenanya, penulis menggunakan pendekatan kepustakaan guna mengkaji topik yang ada. Data diperoleh dari pelbagai sumber yang relevan dengan penelitian yang ada. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa menjadi influencer positif bagi kaum muda Kristen berdasarkan 1 Timotius 4:12 berarti meneladani perkataan, tingkah laku, kasih, kesetiaan, dan kesucian sebagai prinsip dasar. Seorang influencer tidak hanya memengaruhi melalui kata-kata dan konten, tetapi juga melalui karakter yang kuat dan konsisten dengan ajaran Kristus. Jadi, melalui pengaruh yang penuh kasih, etika yang kokoh, dan kesetiaan kepada iman, seorang influencer Kristen dapat membantu membentuk generasi muda yang kuat dalam iman, integritas, dan moralitas, sekaligus memotivasi mereka untuk hidup dalam kebenaran dan kasih Kristus.
Understanding the Lives of Domestic Workers
Authors: Karunagaran D. , Shanmathi S. A. , Naachimuthu K.P. , Sowmiya R. , Devi C. Gayathri
Published: January 2025

Domestic work in Coimbatore and Erode districts presents a complex landscape shaped by socio-economic factors and cultural norms. This study explores the multifaceted experiences of domestic workers through qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews with 24 participants. The objectives were to examine their quality of life, self-perception of work, reasons for entering the field, types of tasks performed, educational backgrounds, family structures, interactions with employers, working conditions, health challenges, coping mechanisms, and broader societal implications. Findings reveal a diversity of perspectives among workers, highlighting economic necessity as a primary driver for many, despite facing challenges such as irregular working hours, low wages, and health issues exacerbated by job demands. Positive employer-employee relationships and occasional non-monetary benefits contribute to job satisfaction, contrasting with instances of discrimination and inadequate workplace amenities. The research underscores the need for targeted policies to improve working conditions, promote health and well-being, enhance educational opportunities, and foster societal respect for domestic work. By addressing these issues, stakeholders can collectively support the livelihoods and rights of domestic workers in the region.
Impact of Deficit Financing on Economic Growth: An In-Depth Analysis of Economic Development Strategies
Authors: Princewill Chukwunyere Odinaka , González García Amarilys , Assis Lima Marcus Antonio , Anithalakshmi A.
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the effect of deficit financing on Nigeria’s economic growth. A descriptive and analytical design was used in the paper. The following methods were employed: the ARDL for regression analysis, the Bound test co-integration technique to confirm the long-run relationship among variables, the ADF unit root test to ascertain the stationarity properties of the variables to hedge against spurious regression, and the Error Correction test to test the short-run dynamics. The dependent variable is RGDP, while the independent variables are the following: exchange rate, external reserves, domestic debt financing, and foreign debt financing. The study found that there is no correlation between the exchange rate and GDP growth in Nigeria, and the same holds true for foreign loan financing. Foreign reserves and domestic debt financing, on the other hand, significantly impact GDP growth. As a result of the country's inconsistent application, the research found that domestic debt financing and external reserves had an unstable (asymmetrical) impact on the economy. We propose that the national debt be invested in growth-promoting economic initiatives. To prevent the flight of capital, it is important to keep an eye on how domestic debt is being used. Foreign debt funding should be discontinued by the government as it has no impact on the economy. Since external reserves are the primary means of funding developmental programs and, in most circumstances, deficits, it is important to have a strategy to build them.
The Impact of Smartphone Addiction on Social Skills and Play Behaviour Among Children
Authors: Jain Payal
Published: January 2025

Smartphone addiction is a growing concern in today’s world. In recent years, the increase in the smartphone use has changed the way children interact with their environment and peers. Past studies have revealed that more than half of the children aged 3-10 are using smartphones for many hours on daily basis. Physical play is replaced by the screen time contributing to alarming concerns in context to their developmental outcomes. A mixed-methods approach, including quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with parents is used to assess how excessive smartphone use influences children's social interactions and engagement in play activities. The study has divided the population in three groups; early childhood (3-5 years), middle childhood (6-7 years), and later childhood (8-10 years). Findings indicate that there is a shift from traditional outdoor and group play to screen-based activities, making children with younger children (3-5 years) showing more evident isolation during play while older children (8-10 years) displaying decline in communication, empathy, and cooperation, particularly with excessive screen time. The role of parent’s attitudes and behaviours in shaping children's smartphone usage patterns is also significantly underlined. Recommendations include limited screen time, promoting outdoor play, and integrating digital literacy into educational programs. This paper intends to contribute to the growing body of literature on the effects of technology on child development and advocates for a balanced approach to smartphone use in early childhood.
Behavioral and Cultural Determinants of Corruption: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Tovalini Krismena , Hanoselina Yulia
Published: January 2025

Corruption poses significant challenges in Indonesia, impacting economic, social, and political dimensions. This study investigates behavioral and cultural determinants of corruption through a systematic literature review, focusing on recent empirical studies and theoretical frameworks. Key findings reveal that institutional weaknesses, cultural norms, and individual greed are critical drivers of corruption. Institutional flaws, such as ineffective regulatory mechanisms and convoluted bureaucratic processes, exacerbate opportunities for corrupt practices. Meanwhile, cultural norms that tolerate bribery and gift-giving further entrench corruption within society. The research underscores the importance of good governance, including transparency and accountability, as well as cultural transformations through education and public awareness campaigns. By offering evidence-based insights, this study contributes to the development of anti-corruption strategies that address both structural and cultural dimensions, providing a foundation for policy-making and societal change. The findings also highlight the necessity of reforms that integrate behavioral understanding with institutional improvements to foster sustainable anti-corruption efforts.
Perbandingan Tekanan Darah Perokok Elektrik Dan Perokok Konvensional Pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Umum Universitas Malahayati Tahun 2019
Authors: I Gusti Agung Ngurah Maha Yudha  , Rita Agustina  , Hetti Rusmini  , Fransisca Sinaga
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang : Kehadiran rokok elektrik menyebabkan sebagian pengguna rokok konvensional yang ingin berhenti merokok beralih menggunakan rokok elektrik yang menurut masyarakat lebih aman. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbandingan tekanan darah perokok elektrik dan perokok konvensional pada mahasiswa kedokteran umum Universitas Malahayati. Metode : Penelitian ini adalah analitik komparatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel merupakan mahasiswa kedokteran yang merokok usia 19-22 tahun. Nilai tekanan darah diperoleh dari pengukuran langsung. Uji statistik menggunakan uji perbandingan t-tes independen dengan nilai kemaknaan p<0,05 Hasil : Distribusi frekuensi usia terbanyak pada usia 20 tahun yaitu sebanyak 23 sampel (34,8%). Lama penggunaan terbanyak dengan lama penggunaan 12 bulan sebanyak 28 sampel (42,4%). Tekanan darah sistolik terbanyak pada rentang 120-139 mmHg dengan 55 (83,3%) sampel dan tekanan darah diastolik terbanyak pada rentang 80-89 mmHg dengan 42 (43,75) sampel. Uji bivariat didapatkan nilai p-value 0,007 untuk sistolik dan 0,013 untuk diastolik. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara tekanan darah perokok elektrik dengan tekanan darah perokok konvensional.
The Analysis Study of Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation for Prevention of Open Angle Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Cintya Ristimawarni  , Kaharuddin  , Nazza Rizky Ramdhagama
Published: January 2025

Background: Over 70 million people worldwide suffer from glaucoma. Over the next 20 years, this is anticipated to rise to 111 million. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) are the two principal subtypes of glaucoma. The most prevalent glaucoma subtype is POAG. The aim: The aim of this study to show about effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation for prevention of open angle glaucoma. Methods: By the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. This search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed, SagePub, and Sciencedirect were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done. Result: Seven publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: Despite being mostly unknown, the relationship between vitamin D and POAG is particularly intriguing because, when taken as directed, vitamin D is a reasonably priced and safe supplement. It seems that vitamin D protects against oxidative damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, hypotheses linking vitamin D to POAG include the vitamin's antioxidant properties and its function in inhibiting inflammatory gene expression.
Unveiling Patterns in Breast Cancer Diagnosis: An Exploratory Analysis of Clinical Data from Maharashtra
Authors: Nalawade Ms. Swati L , Kanthe Dr.Rajesh , Powar Dr.Ranjeet , Ghorpade Dr. Veerdhaval , Jadhav Mr.Akhilesh , Hundekari Mrs. Rajashri , Patil Dr. Suvarna M
Published: January 2025

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women globally, emphasizing the need for early detection and accurate diagnostic methods. This study conducts a comprehensive exploratory data analysis (EDA) of a breast cancer dataset collected from hospitals in Maharashtra, India. The dataset comprises 1,006 patient records and 26 features, encompassing clinical, demographic, and tumor-specific attributes such as age at diagnosis, family history, hormonal usage, and tumor characteristics.EDA techniques, including descriptive statistics, class distribution analysis, univariate analysis, correlation analysis, and feature distribution visualization, were employed to identify patterns, assess feature relationships, and understand data variability. Results revealed significant associations between clinical attributes, such as family history of breast cancer, and diagnosis outcomes. Visualizations, including heatmaps, scatterplots, and boxplots, highlighted key insights, such as differences in age distributions across diagnostic categories and correlations between biological features like age at menarche and menopause.The findings underscore the importance of data-driven approaches for breast cancer diagnosis, particularly in preparing datasets for machine learning applications. By focusing on a region-specific cohort, this study bridges a gap in localized breast cancer research, offering foundational insights for developing predictive models aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy and supporting personalized treatment strategies.
Bad Career Advice Women Should Ignore
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: January 2025

This article examines common misguided career advice given to women, and provides research-backed solutions to help them overcome these limitations and thrive. It counters outdated notions that women should temper ambition, avoid negotiating pay, prioritize likeability over competence, and assume having children will derail their careers. Instead, the article emphasizes the importance of women being confident advocates for themselves, leveraging mentorship and organizational policies supporting work-life integration, and prioritizing job performance to achieve their full potential without unnecessary constraints. By replacing self-limiting advice with constructive, evidence-based strategies, the article demonstrates how empowering women's authentic leadership and healthy self-promotion benefits not just individual careers, but organizations and society as a whole.
Optimizing the Traveling Salesman Problem Using Machine Learning and Predictive Algorithms
Authors: Ahmad Asiyah
Published: January 2025

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a foundational challenge in optimization, with applications in logistics, routing, and scheduling. Traditional algorithms such as dynamic programming and brute-force search guarantee optimal solutions but become computationally expensive as the number of cities grow, hindering scalability. Consequently, research has shifted towards machine learning (ML) and predictive algorithms, which show promise in approximating optimal solutions more efficiently. This study aims to optimize TSP using ML models, specifically focusing on enhancing scalability and minimizing computational overhead. The approach incorporates techniques like reinforcement learning (RL) and graph neural networks (GNNs), leveraging their ability to learn and generalize from smaller problem instances. The primary contribution of this work is an ML-driven framework for TSP, which demonstrates improved efficiency and adaptability compared to traditional algorithms. Evaluation metrics, including total path length, convergence time, and optimality gap, validate the model's effectiveness, achieving optimal paths with reduced execution time. This research offers a practical ML-based solution for TSP that balances accuracy with computational speed, providing a feasible alternative for large-scale and dynamic real-world applications.
Early Detection and Mapping of Dengue Fever Outbreaks in Urban Areas
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Mico
Published: January 2025

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) poses a significant public health challenge in tropical regions like Indonesia, where environmental conditions favor the proliferation of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The Karya Maju Health Center, serving eight villages in South Sumatra, struggles with monitoring dengue cases due to manual data recording and limited tools for analyzing outbreak patterns. This study aims to address these challenges by developing a system for early detection and mapping of dengue outbreaks. The methodology employs Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams, including use case, activity, and class diagrams, to design an intuitive, user-centered system. Use case diagrams outline interactions between healthcare staff and the system, while activity diagrams map the process flow from data collection to visualization. The interface design prioritizes usability, providing stakeholders with clear and accessible tools for monitoring outbreaks. The system was evaluated through pilot testing, which confirmed its ability to meet all predefined criteria. Users found the interface intuitive, with well-structured menus and visualizations facilitating efficient interaction and data analysis. This study contributes to public health by offering a scalable and effective tool for dengue monitoring, enabling healthcare providers to proactively manage outbreaks and allocate resources more effectively.
Knowledge Regarding Eye Donation among Nursing Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dev Oshan , Shah Nisha Kumari
Published: January 2025

Background: Eye donation is a process in which an individual donates one’s eyes after his/her death. Eye donation involves the recovery, preparation and delivery of donated eyes for corneal transplants and research. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge regarding eye donation among nursing students.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted to assess the knowledge regarding eye donation among nursing students of Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital. A self-administered structured questionnaire was adopted for data collection. Non-probability total enumerative sampling technique was used to select the sample which was 79. Data collected were entered into SSPS version 16 &  analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Results: The findings of the study showed that, nearly half (45.6%) of the respondents had moderate knowledge regarding eye donation and there was statistically significant association between level of knowledge regarding eye donation with mother educational status.
Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that nearly half of the respondents had moderate knowledge regarding eye donation. There was statistically significant association between level of knowledge regarding eye donation with mother’s educational level. The findings of the study further concluded that, it is necessary to increase knowledge of students by adding the content regarding eye donation in the curriculum.
Knowledge Regarding Junk Food and it’s Health Effect among Adolescents in Government Schools of Hetauda
Authors: Mainali Sushma , Chaudhary Srijana
Published: January 2025

Background: Junk food and its effect has become major public health concern. There is a rapid increment in the intake of junk food in Nepal as a result the effect of junk food has shown many negative consequences on Nepalese people mostly adolescents due to which they are prone to have many non-communicable diseases and mental illnesses. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding the effect of junk food on health among adolescents.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 adolescents studying in government schools. Adolescents were selected by probability proportionate stratified random sampling technique. A Structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from Dec 23, 2022, to Jan 5, 2023. Data were entered into SPSS 16 version and were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: The findings of the study revealed that 3.9% had adequate knowledge regarding the health effect of junk food on health. There was significant association ofthe level of knowledge on junk food consumption with residence (p-value is 0.01), religion (p-value is 0.01), ethnicity (p-value is 0.01), and type of family (p-value is 0.01).
Conclusion: The study concluded that adolescents have inadequate knowledge regarding the health effects of junk food. Their knowledge tends to vary according to residence, religion, ethnicity and family types. Therefore, there is a need to plan and implement interventions to enhance knowledge of the health effects of junk food among adolescents.
Occupational Stress and its Associated Factors among Traffic Police in Sunsari, Nepal
Authors: Ghising Rashmi , Shah Tara , Badhu Angur , Baral Dharanidhar
Published: January 2025

Background: Occupational stress is a term used to define ongoing stress that is related to workplace. All occupation involves a certain degree of stress which in fact is a normal aspect. However there are certain occupations which prove to be more stressful. One occupation which qualifies for these determinants and essentially is stressful in nature is that of police personnel. The study aimed to assess occupational stress and its associated factors among traffic police in Sunsari, Nepal.
Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted in Dharan, Itahari and Inaruwa of Sunsari and samples were selected using the non- probability total enurative sampling technique.  A total of 77 samples were screened by using modified likert scale. A score up to 50 is considered as mild stress, score 51- 79 is considered as moderate stress and score 80 and above is considered as severe stress. List of possible influencing factors were used to determine associated factors. Mean, median, standard deviation, percent, and frequency were used to describe demographic data. Independent sample T-test and one way ANOVA were adopted to find out the association between dependent and independent variables.
Results: The majority of the subjects were male (87%), married (84.4%), and between the age group of (30- 40) years.  Regarding designation non- gazzeted 4th class was highest among all level (50.6%). Majority (81.9%) of traffic polices working in Sunsari, Nepal have moderate level of occupational stress. One-way ANOVA depicts a significant association of occupational stress with age and education of respondents with the p-value (0.008) and (0.044) respectively.
Conclusion: This study concludes that traffic police working in Sunsari, Nepal have moderate level of occupational stress. Major associated factors are shift work, job pressure, delayed promotions, inadequate salary, frequent transfers and disruption of family time.
Knowledge regarding Post-traumatic Compartment Syndrome among Nurses Working in a Tertiary Hospital, Kathmandu
Authors: Rayamajhi Bigina , Rai Lalita , Kalikote Bhagawati
Published: January 2025

Background: Post-traumatic compartment syndrome (PTCS) of the limb is a collection of symptoms that occur when the pressure inside a muscle compartment of the limb rises. Failing to recognize PTCS in a timely manner can be life-threatening and almost always leads to negative outcomes for the patient. Nurses' understanding is essential in the management and prevention of PTCS through early recognition of clinical signs.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate post-traumatic compartment syndrome among nurses at a tertiary hospital in Kathmandu. The study utilized a non-probability purposive sampling technique for data collection. A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 124 respondents, which were then analyzed using SPSS (version 16) and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The study found that 74.2% of respondents correctly identified the meaning of post-traumatic compartment syndrome. Causes of compartment syndrome included a tight splint (95.9%), a tightly applied plaster cast (94.3%), prolonged compression due to skin traction (91.1%), and compression bandage (87.9%). Common complications included pain as the first symptom (79.03%) and permanent nerve damage (83.9%). Respondents indicated that splitting the cast in half (83.1%) and loosening the skin traction and splint (81.5%) were common management techniques for PTCS. Hourly neurovascular assessment (87.1%) was identified as the nursing action to manage PTCS. Only 37.9% of respondents demonstrated a high level of knowledge.
Conclusions: The majority of respondents demonstrated adequate knowledge of the management and prevention of compartment syndrome. However, only one-third of respondents showed a high level of understanding of post-traumatic compartment syndrome.