bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultura de segurança no contexto das organizações de saúde: revisão integrativa
Authors: Stigger Danubia Andressa da Silva , Stigger Klaus Nobre , Barlem Jamila Geri Tomaschewski , Piexak Diéssica Roggia , Paloski Gabriela do Rosário , Castanheira Janaina Sena
Published: November 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a produção científica acerca da cultura de segurança no contexto das organizações de saúde. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Sistem on-line (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. (CINAHL). Foi utilizado descritores do Medical Subject Headings (MESH): Culture, Health; Safety; Patients; Organizations e Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Cultura, Saúde, Segurança; Pacientes; Organizações, selecionando-se 24 artigos. Organizou-se duas categorias de análise: necessidade do fortalecimento das dimensões intraorganizacionais reconhecidas através das percepções da equipe e responsabilidades gerenciais como facilitadoras para a perpetuação da cultura de segurança. Conclui-se que estudos que desvelem as percepções e práticas em segurança nas organizações de saúde tornam-se fundamentais e auxiliam gestores e lideranças de supervisão a trilhar os caminhos para as práticas seguras, beneficiando funcionários, organizações, pacientes e a sociedade em geral.
LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN DEĞER YÖNELİMLERİ: KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ-VAN YÜZÜNCÜ YIL ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KALGI Mehmet Emin , İNAN Ali , ÖZEN Muhyettin
Published: November 2020

Bu araştırmada, Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi'nin çeşitli fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin en çok hangi değerleri tercih ettikleri tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel türde yapılan bu araştırmanın verileri; "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" ve "Schwartz Değerler Ölçeği" kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini, Van YYÜ’de öğrenim gören öğrenciler; örneklemini ise bu öğrenciler arasında seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemlerinden tabakalı örneklem tekniği ile seçilen 353 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin değer yönelim puanlarının cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını belirlemek için bağımsız t-testi kullanılmıştır. Farklı fakültelerde okuyan öğrencilerin değer yönelimleri puanları arasındaki farklılıkları incelemek için tek yönlü ANOVA uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre erkeklerin güç, başarı, hazcılık, uyarılım ve geleneksellik değerlerine yöneldikleri; kadınların ise özyönelim, evrensellik, iyilikseverlik, uyum, güvenlik ve dindarlık değerlerine yöneldikleri tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte uyum, güvenlik ve dindarlık değerler yönelimlerinin cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca, veterinerlik fakültesi hazcılık; eğitim fakültesi özyönelim ve iyilikseverlik; İİBF uyarılım; ilahiyat fakültesi evrensellik, uyum, güvenlik ve dindarlık; mühendislik fakültesi ise güç, başarı ve geleneksellik değer(ler)ine yönelmiştir. Güç, başarı, hazcılık, uyarılım ve evrensellik değerlerinin puan ortalamaları fakülte değişkenine göre farklılaşmazken; özyönelim, geleneksellik, uyum, güvenlik ve dindarlık değerlerinin puan ortalamaları fakülte değişkenine göre farklılaşmıştır.
Mısır'da Piramitlerden Mezar Evlere
Authors: ERYİĞİT BADER Aynur
Published: November 2020

İlk insandan bu yana cesetler, gerek kokuşmasını önlemek, gerekse insana duyulan saygıdan dolayı bazı işlemlerden sonra mezarlara konulmaya başlanmıştır. İnsan cesetlerinin konulduğu mezarlar tarih boyu milletlere ve inançlara göre birbirlerinden farklılık göstermiştir. Bu mezarlar arasında bazıları anıt mezar olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Bunlar arasında çok önemli olan Mısır’ın anıt mezarlarına piramit/haram denilmektedir. Bugün ise Mısır'da mezarlar, ev görünümüne sahip olup Kahire’de Müslümanlara ait mezarların bir kısmında insanlar / aileler yaşamaktadır. İçerisinde Müslümanların yaşadığı bu mezar evlerin bugün İslam'a uygun olup olmadığı tartışılmaktadır.
Making the Census Count: Revealing Edinburgh 1760–1900
Authors: Rodger Richard
Published: November 2020

‘Name’ and ‘Address’ are critical to tracking people, to linkages with property and legal documents, to understanding household structures, and to spatial analysis in times past, as now. For historians, nominal data linkage is impaired when access to Census data is restricted and this in turn weakens the utility of archival sources more generally where names and addresses are common elements. Social and economic history, family and cultural history, genealogy and local history are undermined as a result. The central theme here is that under present arrangements Scottish historians and the Scottish public are denied access a crucial publicly-funded historical source, and that a ‘pay-as-you go’ approach is inappropriate for access to archival materials. No other European country applies such a policy. Modest examples based on Edinburgh data illustrate how access to the Census can enhance historical analysis and enrich the productivity of other archival sources linked through names and addresses.
REGIONAL CLUSTERS OF MEGAPROJECT ЕSOGC AS A FORM OF AGREEMENT OF STRATEGIC INTERESTS OF PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Plyaskina Nina I. , Kharitonova Viktoriya N.
Published: November 2020

The article presents an analysis of new forms of spatial organization of regions, the prerequisites for the formation of regional clusters in connection with the implementation of a megaproject for the development of oil and gas resources in Eastern Siberia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) - a megaproject of ESOGC. The spatial organization of the productive forces of the megaproject of ESOGC is carried out according to the principle of cluster activation of the development of a full range of industries and the implementation of key projects of transport, energy, and innovative infrastructure. As a result of the megaproject implementation, regional clusters are created as a set of high-tech enterprises in closely related industries that play the role of growth points for regional economies. It is shown that cluster activation of the development of the base companies and related industries of the mega-project of ESOGC is a prerequisite for innovative modernization of the economy of the regions of Eastern Siberia and the Far East. The specific features and socio-economic effects of regional clusters of Eastern Siberia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are revealed.
ON THE ISSUE OF TECHNICAL REGULATION IN THE FIELD OF GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL DATA
Authors: Kuznecov Sergei M. , Dubrovsky Alexey V. , Malygina Olesya I.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the Normative and technical support of cartographic and geodetic works and mandatory and voluntary requirements. A significant amount of technical requirements in the field of geodesy and cartography contain normative legal acts and normative and technical documents that establish norms and rules for performing geodetic and cartographic work, requirements for final products. In retrospect, these requirements were established as mandatory, including documents included in the system of geodetic and cartographic instructions, norms and rules.
TECHNOLOGICAL FLOW OF PERFORMANCE OF WORKS ON PREPARATION OF DOCUMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF GARDEN HOUSES
Authors: Zhadan Maria S. , Chernov Aleksandr V. , Shelpakova Anastasiya A.
Published: November 2020

To maintain and develop the modern digital economy of the Russian Federation in an unstable economic situation, it is important to provide continuous replenishment of the budget, a significant part of which is formed by collecting property taxes from the owners of real estate. Therefore, the task arises of fully filling out the Unified State Register of Real Estate with data on such real estate objects. Analyzing the information of the unified state register of real estate, it can be noted that the completeness and correctness of the data on recorded and registered objects in the city territory do not bring us any questions. At the same time, the analysis of data on real estate located within the boundaries of summer cottage and horticultural partnerships allowed us to conclude that there is a large number of land plots and garden houses located on them that had not been taken into account or registered with registry errors. In this regard, the Government of the Russian Federation is implementing a set of measures, one of the most significant is the introduction of a “summer cottage amnesty”, which allows cadastral registration and registration of rights to garden and individual residential buildings located on lands intended for gardening and horticulture, as well as previously recorded land, in a simplified procedure. At the same time, in 2020, a number of amendments were adopted and changed the established procedure for preparing documents by cadastral engineers. Therefore, the relevant topic is the coverage of the features of the preparation of technical plans based on the accumulated practical experience. In this regard, the goal of the study is to prepare a technological scheme for cadastral engineers to provide cadastral registration and registration of rights to garden houses, which will allow them to optimize their work. The study is practical, aimed at increasing the efficiency of cadastral engineers and reduction of errors in the preparation of technical documentation.
Analisis Komparasi Performa Bohlam LED Berbagai Merk
Authors: Rahman Azis Prasojo  , Hafiz Furqoni  , Muhammad Fahmi Hakim  , Hari Kurnia Safitri  , Heri Sungkowo
Published: November 2020

LED bulb are increasingly being adopted not only because of their good efficacy, but also because they are known to have high controllability. LED lighting has developed rapidly in recent years to achieve more efficient and reliable LED performance. Several studies have conducted experiments to obtain the characteristics and performance of LED lamps. However, study comparing the performance of LED bulbs with various manufacturer and considering the price factor has not been found. In this study, the performance comparison of six LED bulb manufacturers that are commonly found in the Indonesian market were conducted. Each brand is sampled from three rated powers. The results of this study show a weak correlation between the price and performance. Nonetheless, the performance of LED bulb from different manufacturers were observed.
Kajian Manajemen Energi Listrik pada Stasiun Pompa Air
Authors: Noor Hidayat Mohammad , Wibowo Sigi Syah , Prasetya Moch. Guntur Eka
Published: November 2020

Salah satu komponen penting bagi suatu perusahaan air minum adalah pengoperasian stasiun pompa yang berfungsi untuk mengatur suplai air dari sumber air yang ada menuju ke pelanggan. Untuk mengoperasikan pompa air tersebut, diperlukan motor listrik sebagai penggeraknya. Agar pemakaian energi yang diperlukan untuk mengopersikan motor listrik dapat diatur, maka diperlukan manajemen energi listrik pada stasiun pompa tersebut. Salah satu contoh stasiun pompa adalah pada perusahaan daerah air minum (PDAM) Unit Wendit Kota Malang. Unit ini terdiri atas 3 stasiun pompa yakni Wendit 1, Wendit 2 dan Wendit 3. Ketiga bagian ini  disuplai oleh 2 buah trafo dengan kapasitas 1110 kVA untuk Wendit 2 dan 1730 kVA untuk Wendit 1 dan 3. Dari hasil pengukuran faktor daya pada ketiga bagian tersebut, diketahui bahwa nilai faktor daya pada stasiun pompa Wendit 3 sebesar 0,82. Nilai ini tidak memenuhi standart minimal PLN, yakni 0,85. Jika faktor daya kurang dari 0,85 maka industri akan dikenai biaya kelebihan pemakaian daya reaktif (kVARh). Oleh karena itu perlu adanya kajian terhadap manajemen energi pada stasiun pompa PDAM Unit Wendit Kota Malang. Untuk memperbaiki faktor daya yang rendah tersebut, ada dua rekomendasi yang diberikan, yakni pemasangan VSD (Variabel Speed Drive) pada stasiun pompa PDAM Unit Wendit 1 dan 3 serta pemasangan Capasitor Bank pada stasiun pompa PDAM Unit Wendit 2. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, nilai faktor daya PDAM Wendit 3 yang semula 0,82  meningkat menjadi 0,9. Selain itu, terdapat penghematan pemakaian energi listrik per bulan sebesar 10,48% pada PDAM Unit Wendit 1 dan 3 dan 28,32% pada PDAM Unit Wendit 2.
Satisfaction Level Among Obstetric Clients to the Delivery of Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care Services
Authors: Cacayan Edmelyn B. , Alingog Maria Tessa M. , Mangaoil Rianne Maie Castillo
Published: November 2020

The Department of Health launched a special program called Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) that aims to reduce at maternmal and fetal mortality. The purpose of this study is to determine the satisfaction level among obstetric clients on the delivery of BEmONC services at the Rural Health Unit-Angadanan. A descriptive-inferential method was used. A survey questionnaire was administered to the 26 respondents, who consulted and delivered at the Rural Health Unit-Angadanan from the month of December 2014. The results revealed that the respondents were immensely satisfied with the services such as assessing and monitoring vital signs, essential newborn care and counseling on exclusive breast feeding, proper nutrition and essential neonatal care. However, respondents were not so satisfied with the times allotted in availing maternal services and to the administration of steroids for premature labor. Those respondents who are older and those with lower income tend to have higher satisfaction rate. Community-based practice should focus on providing the fastest possible time in availing the needed maternal care and explaining emergency procedure to the clients to increase their awareness.

Keywords: obstetric; newborn
EVALUASI JARINGAN TENGANGAN MENENGAH PASCA BENCANA DI KABUPATEN HALMAHERA SELATAN
Authors: Rasyid Ramly
Published: November 2020

This study looked at the condition of power loss and falling voltage after the evaluation of the medium voltage network 20 kV after the earthquake disaster in South Halmahera district, especially in labuha extension on Bacan island The method used in this study is a quantitative research method with data collection done which is then simulated using ETAP 12.6 software. The simulation result obtained total power loss at Labuha extension is 44.3 kW + 66.8 kVAR or 80,154 kVA of 2,445 MVA delivery power, while the presentation of power loss is 3.278%, this is still considered feasible because the power loss on the medium voltage network 20 kV is 10% while in Labuha turtles the power loss is less than 10%. While the large fall in voltage at the largest Labuha extension at the Belang-Belang distribution substation is 3.96% or 792 volts, this is due to the channel length and presentation of the load reaching 83% against the distribution tranformator and the fall in the average voltage of Labuha's purgator is 3.025% or 605 volts against the nominal voltage of 20 kV. It is still considered viable for operation due to the permitted voltage fall on the 20 kV medium voltage network which is 5%.
Panorama da medicalização de crianças em escolas municipais da cidade de Ponta Grossa, Paraná
Authors: Ferracioli Marcelo Ubiali , Castro Elissandra Cristiane , Ribeiro Giuliano Borek , Jensen Helen Carolina , Guilouski Poliana Cristine Aureliano , Nascimento Vanessa Janoni Botelho de Freitas do
Published: November 2020

A pesquisa apresentada é parte integrante do projeto multicêntrico intitulado “Retrato da medicalização da infância no Estado do Paraná”, sob coordenação geral da Profa. Dra. Silvana Calvo Tuleski, do Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), realizado por professores, técnicos administrativos e estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação desta e de outras universidades públicas paranaenses, assim como por profissionais atuantes na área da educação, em especial por professores e equipes gestoras das secretarias de educação dos municípios participantes. Tal investigação teve por objetivo sistematizar dados quatitativos referentes a crianças matriculadas em escolas municipais que tinham, no momento da coleta, diagnósticos de supostos transtornos mentais dificultadores de suas aprendizagens e que faziam uso de medicamentos psiquiátricos controlados. Estes dados seriam importantes para fomentar posteriores análises teórico-conceituais sobre o fenômeno da medicalização da educação, assim como orientar ações para o seu enfrentamento. O estudo se fundamentou na Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e seus conhecimentos sobre o desenvolvimento humano, em posição contrária à perspectiva organicista acerca de dificuldades no processo pedagógico, em especial na educação escolar, como explicado no próximo item do texto. A coleta de dados empíricos ocorreu por meio de questionários impressos ou digitais, respondidos pelas famílias de crianças de escolas municipais, do 1º ao 5º ano da Educação Infantil, assim como dos cinco anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, incluindo classes especiais. Reuniram-se tais informações em banco de dados digital, onde foram filtradas, organizadas e cruzadas com vistas à realização do objetivo da pesquisa.
Genomic Characterization of the Japanese Indigenous Wine Grape Vitis sp. cv. Koshu
Authors: Tanaka Keisuke , Hamaguchi Yu , Suzuki Shunji , Enoki Shinichi
Published: November 2020

Vitissp. cv. Koshu is indigenous to Japan and used as a table and processing grape. It also constitutes an important grape cultivar in Japanese white wine making and is phylogenetically distinct from European grapes. To understand its genomic information, we compared its small and structural variations with those of the table grape cultivar “Thompson seedless” and European wine grape cultivar “Tannat” via a short-read-based resequencing approach. The Koshu genome exhibited high heterozygosity compared to these cultivars, with this characteristic being particularly prominent on chromosome 7. Furthermore, Koshu structural variation encompassed the most and largest extent of duplications and the fewest and smallest extent of deletions with regard to copy number variation and the fewest absence variations among the compared grape cultivars. Plant disease resistance related to cell death associated with hypersensitive response and environmental stress response, such as water deprivation, oxidative stress, and cell wall organization, was inferred through enrichment analysis of small and structural variations. Variant accumulation levels in Koshu indicated that phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, glutathione, and α-linolenic acid pathways were related to polyphenol and flavor components. Together, this Koshu genomic information provides a foundation for improving the quality of Koshu wine and may facilitate the use of Koshu as a genetic resource.
Effect of Crop Residue Decomposition on Soil Aggregate Stability
Authors: Stegarescu Gheorghe , Escuer-Gatius Jordi , Soosaar Kaido , Kauer Karin , Tõnutare Tõnu , Astover Alar , Reintam Endla
Published: November 2020

The decomposition of fresh crop residues added to soil for agricultural purposes is complex. This is due to different factors that influence the decomposition process. In field conditions, the incorporation of crop residues into soil does not always have a positive effect on aggregate stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the decomposition effects of residues from two different cover crops (Brassica napus var. oleifera and Secale cereale) and one main crop (wheat straw) on soil aggregate stability. A 105-day incubation experiment was conducted in which crop residues were mixed with sandy loam soil at a rate of 6 g C kg−1 of soil. During the incubation, there were five water additions. The decomposition effects of organic matter on soil conditions during incubation were evaluated by determining the soil functional groups; carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and methane (CH4) emissions; soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC); and water-stable aggregates (WSA). The functional groups of the plant residues and the soil were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a double exponential model was used to estimate the decomposition rates. The results show that the decomposition rate of fresh organic materials was correlated with the soil functional groups and the C/N ratio. Oilseed rape and rye, with lower C/N ratios than wheat straw residues, had faster decomposition rates and higher CO2 and N2O emissions than wheat straw. The CO2 and N2O flush at the start of the experiment corresponded to a decrease of soil aggregate stability (from Day 3 to Day 10 for CO2 and from Day 19 to Day 28 for N2O emissions), which was linked to higher decomposition rates of the labile fraction. The lower decomposition rates contributed to higher remaining C (carbon) and higher soil aggregate stability. The results also show that changes in the soil functional groups due to crop residue incorporation did not significantly influence aggregate stability. Soil moisture (SM) negatively influenced the aggregate stability and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in all treatments (oilseed rape, rye, wheat straw, and control). Irrespective of the water addition procedure, rye and wheat straw residues had a positive effect on water-stable aggregates more frequently than oilseed rape during the incubation period. The results presented here may contribute to a better understanding of decomposition processes after the incorporation of fresh crop residues from cover crops. A future field study investigating the influence of incorporation rates of different crop residues on soil aggregate stability would be of great interest.
The Effect of Agrotechnical Factors on Fusarium Mycotoxins Level in Maize
Authors: Bocianowski Jan , Szulc Piotr , Waśkiewicz Agnieszka , Cyplik Adrian
Published: November 2020

The occurrence of diseases in the cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) leads to the loss of grain yield and the simultaneous deterioration of its quality. Fungi of the genus Fusarium spp. pose the greatest threat to maize cultivation. These fungi occur at all stages of the plant’s development, causing Fusarium seedling blight, root rot, foot rot, and ear rot, including grains. Therefore, the aim of the conducted field studies was to determine the influence of selected agriculture factors on mycotoxin contents in maize grain and ear core. Moreover, it should be noted that the presence of mycotoxins in food products in terms of legal regulations is quite a fundamental barrier both in domestic and international trade. The field experiment was carried out at the Department of Agronomy of Poznań University of Life Sciences, on the fields of the Experimental and Educational Unit in Swadzim, Poland, in 2013–2014, in four field replicates. The study involved the following factors: soil sowing preparation method, types of variates, and fertilization method, all of which shape mycotoxin accumulation. The results indicated that the main effects of years were significant for all observed traits for both the core and grain. The concentrations of deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and zearalenone were higher in 2014 than in 2013 for both core and grain. The concentrations of fumonisin B1 and fumonisin B2 were higher in the first year of study for core and grain. The direct sowing of maize significantly affects plants’ health status, expressed by an increase in mycotoxin accumulation. Traditional hybrid SY Cooky characterized higher values of observed traits than “stay-green” hybrid Drim (except fumonisin B2 for cob). The positive effect of the row method of NP fertilizer application is based on a decrease in mycotoxin content.
Applicability Evaluation of the Hydrological Image and Convolution Neural Network for Prediction of the Biochemical Oxygen Demand and Total Phosphorus Loads in Agricultural Areas
Authors: Song Chul Min , Kim Jin Soo
Published: November 2020

This study employed a convolution neural network (CNN) model, hitherto used only for solving classification problems, with two-dimensional input data to predict the pollution loads and evaluate the CNN model’s applicability. A CNN model generally requires two-dimension input data, such as photographs in previous studies. However, this study’s CNN model necessitates the numerical images that reflect hydrological phenomena due to the nature of the study. A hydrological image was used as the input data for the CNN model in this study to address this issue. The last layer of the CNN model was also transformed into a linear function to derive the continuous variable. As a result, the Pearson correlation coefficient, which represents the relationship between the measured and predicted values, demonstrated a Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) load model of 0.94 and a Total Phosphorus (TP) load model of 0.87. Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency was used to evaluate the model performance; the BOD load model was 0.83, while the TP load model was 0.79, respectively, indicating good performance. These results demonstrate that the hydrological images led to stable model learning and generalization, and the proposed CNN model is suitable for predicting the pollution load, with potential future applications in various fields.
Blastocyst-Bearing Sows Display a Dominant Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile Compared to Cyclic Sows at Day 6 of the Cycle
Authors: Parrilla Inmaculada , Martinez Cristina A. , Cambra Josep M. , Lucas Xiomara , Ferreira-Dias Graça , Rodriguez-Martinez Heriberto , Cuello Cristina , Gil Maria A. , Martinez Emilio A.
Published: November 2020

In the context of porcine embryo transfer (ET) technology, understanding the tightly regulated local uterine immune environment is crucial to achieve an adequate interaction between the transferred embryos and the receiving endometrium. However, information is limited on the uterine immune status of cyclic-recipient sows when receiving embryos during ET. The present study postulated that the anti- and proinflammatory cytokine profile 6 days after the onset of estrus differs between endometria from uninseminated cyclic sows and blastocyst-bearing sows. On Day 6 of the cycle, endometrial explants were collected from sows inseminated or not inseminated during the postweaning estrus and cultured for 22 h. The culture medium was then analyzed for the contents of a total of 16 cytokines using Luminex MAP® technology. The results showed important differences in the endometrial production of most cytokines between the sow categories, with a predominant anti-inflammatory environment displayed by the blastocyst-bearing endometria. These findings suggest that sperm, seminal plasma (SP) and/or early embryos modify the uterine environment by inducing an immune-tolerant cytokine profile already visible at Day 6. Whether the SP or some of its active components may help to develop strategies to maximize the reproductive performance of recipients after ET needs further investigation.
The Use of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis to Trace European Sea Bass (D. labrax) Originating from Different Farming Systems
Authors: Tulli Francesca , Moreno-Rojas José M. , Messina Concetta Maria , Trocino Angela , Xiccato Gerolamo , Muñoz-Redondo José M. , Santulli Andrea , Tibaldi Emilio
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to determine whether isotopic ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) can discriminate farmed European sea bass according to different farming systems and geographic origins. Dicentrarchus labrax of commercial size from three different rearing systems (concrete tank inland, sea cages, and extensive methods in valleys or salt works) were collected at the trading period (autumn–winter). For each farming type, different locations spread over Italy were monitored. Once the fish were harvested, the muscle and feed were sampled. For both muscle and feed, δ13C and δ15N were measured by continuous flow elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-EA-IRMS) with the goal of discriminating samples based on the rearing system. Additional δ2H and δ18O measurements of fish samples were performed by continuous flow total combustion elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-TC/EA-IRMS) to track the geographical origin. The measurements of δ13C and δ15N made it possible to discriminate cultured sea bass from different farming systems (extensive vs. intensive) reared at different geographical sites in Italy. Additional information was obtained from δ18O and δ2H, which enabled the geographical areas of origin of the sea bass farmed extensively and intensively (in cages) to be distinguished.
Bariatric Surgery Normalizes Protein Glycoxidation and Nitrosative Stress in Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Choromańska Barbara , Myśliwiec Piotr , Łuba Magdalena , Wojskowicz Piotr , Myśliwiec Hanna , Choromańska Katarzyna , Dadan Jacek , Żendzian-Piotrowska Małgorzata , Zalewska Anna , Maciejczyk Mateusz
Published: November 2020

The results of recent studies indicate the key role of nitrosative stress and protein oxidative damage in the development of morbid obesity. Nevertheless, the effect of bariatric surgery on protein oxidation/glycation and nitrosative/nitrative stress is not yet known. This is the first study evaluating protein glycoxidation and protein nitrosative damage in morbidly obese patients before and after (one, three, six and twelve months) laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The study included 50 women with morbid obesity as well as 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We demonstrated significant increases in serum myeloperoxidase, plasma glycooxidative products (dityrosine, kynurenine, N-formyl-kynurenine, amyloid, Amadori products, glycophore), protein oxidative damage (ischemia modified albumin) and nitrosative/nitrative stress (nitric oxide, peroxy-nitrite, S-nitrosothiols and nitro-tyrosine) in morbidly obese subjects as compared to lean controls, whereas plasma tryptophan and total thiols were statistically decreased. Bariatric surgery generally reduces the abnormalities in the glycoxidation of proteins and nitrosative/nitrative stress. Noteworthily, in the patients with metabolic syndrome (MS+), we showed no differences in most redox biomarkers, as compared to morbidly obese patients without MS (MS−). However, two markers: were able to differentiate MS+ and MS− with high specificity and sensitivity: peroxy-nitrite (>70%) and S-nitrosothiols (>60%). Further studies are required to confirm the diagnostic usefulness of such biomarkers.
HR-LCMS-Based Metabolite Profiling, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Properties of Teucrium polium L. Methanolic Extract: Computational and In Vitro Study
Authors: Noumi Emira , Snoussi Mejdi , Anouar El Hassane , Alreshidi Mousa , Veettil Vajid N. , Elkahoui Salem , Adnan Mohd , Patel Mitesh , Kadri Adel , Aouadi Kaïss , De Feo Vincenzo , Badraoui Riadh
Published: November 2020

In this study, we investigate the phytochemical profile, anticancer, and antioxidant activities of Teucrium polium methanolic extract using both in vitro and in silico approaches. The results showed the identification of 29 phytochemical compounds belonging to 13 classes of compounds and 20 tripeptides using High Resolution-Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HR-LCMS). 13R-hydroxy-9E,11Z octadecadienoic acid, dihydrosamidin, valtratum, and cepharantine were the main compounds identified. The tested extract showed promising antioxidant activities (ABTS-IC50 = 0.042 mg/mL; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-IC50 = 0.087 mg/mL, β-carotene-IC50 = 0.101 mg/mL and FRAP-IC50 = 0.292 mg/mL). Using both malignant Walker 256/B and MatLyLu cell lines, T. polium methanolic extract showed a dose/time-dependent antitumor activity. The molecular docking approach revealed that most of the identified molecules were specifically binding with human peroxiredoxin 5, human androgen, and human progesterone receptors with high binding affinity scores. The obtained results confirmed that T. polium is a rich source of bioactive molecules with antioxidant and antitumor potential.
Accurate Real Time On-Line Estimation of State-of-Health and Remaining Useful Life of Li ion Batteries
Authors: Tan Cher Ming , Singh Preetpal , Chen Che
Published: November 2020

Inaccurate state-of-health (SoH) estimation of battery can lead to over-discharge as the actual depth of discharge will be deeper, or a more-than-necessary number of charges as the calculated SoC will be underestimated, depending on whether the inaccuracy in the maximum stored charge is over or under estimated. Both can lead to increased degradation of a battery. Inaccurate SoH can also lead to the continuous use of battery below 80% actual SoH that could lead to catastrophic failures. Therefore, an accurate and rapid on-line SoH estimation method for lithium ion batteries, under different operating conditions such as varying ambient temperatures and discharge rates, is important. This work develops a method for this purpose, and the method combines the electrochemistry-based electrical model and semi-empirical capacity fading model on a discharge curve of a lithium-ion battery for the estimation of its maximum stored charge capacity, and thus its state of health. The method developed produces a close form that relates SoH with the number of charge-discharge cycles as well as operating temperatures and currents, and its inverse application allows us to estimate the remaining useful life of lithium ion batteries (LiB) for a given SoH threshold level. The estimation time is less than 5 s as the combined model is a closed-form model, and hence it is suitable for real time and on-line applications.
Personalized Prevention in Mercury-Induced Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Case Report
Authors: Magnavita Nicola , Sabatelli Mario , Scoditti Egeria , Chirico Francesco
Published: November 2020

Chronic exposure to low levels of mercury is involved in the development of motor neuron diseases (MND). Genetic alterations may have a crucial role in the onset and progression. We presented a case of a TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-mutated 54-year-old male worker who developed a MND due to chronic mercury exposure at work. He was employed in a chlor-alkali plant in Central Italy. After two years of employment he had acute mercury intoxication with suggestive neurological symptoms and a high urinary level of the metal. Through years, many episodes of intoxication occurred, but he continued to perform the same job and be exposed to mercury. After yet another episode of intoxication in 2013, he showed fasciculations of the upper limbs and trunk, and electromyographic activity patterns were consistent with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In 2016, a genetic test revealed a mutation of TBK1, an ALS-related gene. This case highlights the important role of genetics in personalized occupational medicine. Occupational physicians should use genetic tests to identify conditions of individual susceptibility in workers with documented frequent episodes of mercury intoxication recorded during health surveillance programs to customize prevention measures in the workplace and act before damage appears.
Study on Heat Effect of High-Power Continuous Wave Laser on Steel Cylinder
Authors: Yang Liu , Wei Tang , Lisheng Liu , Junfeng Shao , Ming Shao , Xiangzheng Cheng
Published: November 2020

This paper investigates the heat effects of continuous high-power lasers on steel cylinders. A theoretical model combining the mechanical characteristics and heat transfer of the steel cylinder that irradiated by a high-power laser is established. Simulations in temperature fields predict the varying heat effects on steel cylinders corresponding to different laser power levels, and more importantly, the thresholds of laser penetrations. The predictions are further validated by experimental tests, which use 1.5–2.8 kW laser irradiating on 7–15 mm thick steel cylinders. It has been found that the ablation mechanism of steel cylinder is primarily dependent on either the mass transfer of vaporized ablation or liquefied material under the action of vaporized back pressing. The present 0–300 s temperature field analyses show that steel melts at 1720 K and vaporizing ablation happens at 3250 K. It has also been observed that in the contact region between the laser and steel cylinder, the melting and vaporization accompanied by the interaction of the ablation process are followed by the sharp splash phenomenon.
IL-6, NLR, and SII Markers and Their Relation with Alterations in CD8+ T-Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Patients Treated for Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Islas-Vazquez Lorenzo , Aguilar-Cazares Dolores , Galicia-Velasco Miriam , Rumbo-Nava Uriel , Meneses-Flores Manuel , Luna-Rivero Cesar , Lopez-Gonzalez Jose Sullivan
Published: November 2020

Cytokines, key contributors to tumorigenesis, are mediators between inflammatory immune or nonimmune and cancer cells. Here, IL-6 production by tumor cells was assessed in a cohort of patients with lung adenocarcinoma treated with conventional therapy. IL-6 levels and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) or systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) markers were evaluated. Changes in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, HMGB1 concentration, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte populations and their subpopulations were investigated. IL-6 expression was detected immunohistochemically in lung adenocarcinoma biopsies. Cytokines were quantified using the cytometric bead array, and TGF-β and HMGB-1 through ELISA. Clinical parameters were collected to assess NLR and SII. CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes and naïve, memory, and effector subpopulations were quantified by flow cytometry. The data obtained were associated with patients’ median overall survival (OS). IL-6 showed the highest increase, probably because the lung adenocarcinoma cells produced IL-6. Patients with higher OS had lower NLR and SII from the third cycle of chemotherapy. Patients with lower OS had significantly lower percentages of CD8+ T-lymphocyte and its effector subpopulations, with a concomitant increase in the naïve subpopulation. This study suggests that in addition to the known inflammatory markers, IL-6, CD8+ T-lymphocytes and their effector and naïve subpopulations could be useful as predictive markers in lung adenocarcinoma.
Imbalance of Endocannabinoid/Lysophosphatidylinositol Receptors Marks the Severity of Alzheimer’s Disease in a Preclinical Model: A Therapeutic Opportunity
Authors: Medina-Vera Dina , Rosell-Valle Cristina , López-Gambero Antonio J. , Navarro Juan A. , Zambrana-Infantes Emma N. , Rivera Patricia , Santín Luis J. , Suarez Juan , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando
Published: November 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegeneration and dementia. The endocannabinoid (ECB) system has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target to treat AD. The present study explores the expression of the ECB system, the ECB-related receptor GPR55, and cognitive functions (novel object recognition; NOR) in the 5xFAD (FAD: family Alzheimer’s disease) transgenic mouse model of AD. Experiments were performed on heterozygous (HTZ) and homozygous (HZ) 11 month old mice. Protein expression of ECB system components, neuroinflammation markers, and β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques were analyzed in the hippocampus. According to the NOR test, anxiety-like behavior and memory were altered in both HTZ and HZ 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, both animal groups displayed a reduction of cannabinoid (CB1) receptor expression in the hippocampus, which is related to memory dysfunction. This finding was associated with indirect markers of enhanced ECB production, resulting from the combination of impaired monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) degradation and increased diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) levels, an effect observed in the HZ group. Regarding neuroinflammation, we observed increased levels of CB2 receptors in the HZ group that positively correlate with Aβ’s accumulation. Moreover, HZ 5xFAD mice also exhibited increased expression of the GPR55 receptor. These results highlight the importance of the ECB signaling for the AD pathogenesis development beyond Aβ deposition.
An Exploratory Study Testing Autonomic Reactivity to Pain in Women with Sensory Over-Responsiveness
Authors: Bar-Shalita Tami , Ben-Ziv Nurit , Granovsky Yelena , Weissman-Fogel Irit
Published: November 2020

Background: Difficulty modulating sensory input related to multi-sensory integration dysfunction, specifically the sensory over-responsive (SOR) type, is associated with psychological distress and hyperalgesia in children and adults. Scares reports suggest atypical autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity to innocuous sensory stimuli in children with SOR. Thus, the ANS may contribute to sensory stimuli responses and psychological distress. This exploratory study aimed to characterize the ANS reactivity to single and dual pain stimulation, and in relation to psychological distress in adults with SOR. Methods: Healthy women with SOR (n = 9) vs. without SOR (n = 9) underwent two runs of single pain stimulation and a third run comprised of dual pain stimulation. Pain was self-rated, while heart rate variability was measured and analyzed in the time and frequency domains. In addition, questionnaires assessing anxiety and somatization were utilized. Results: While controls demonstrated a vagal tone withdrawal (root mean square of successive differences in R-R-intervals; (RMSSD)) p = 0.029 from base-line to the third run, this was absent in the SOR group. However, no group differences were found in pain ratings. Furthermore, groups differed in the correlations between R-R mean and the level of both anxiety (p = 0.006) and somatization (p < 0.001); while in the SOR group, higher levels of anxiety and somatization correlated with shorter R-R intervals, the opposite was found in the control group. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate in women with SOR atypical vagal tone reactivity to challenging pain load. Vagal tone reactivity is related to both pain ratings and psychological distress.
Fullerene Polymers: A Brief Review
Authors: Harris Peter J. F.
Published: November 2020

This paper reviews the ways in which C60 and other fullerene molecules can be incorporated into polymeric structures. Firstly, polymers in which the fullerenes are incorporated into the structure by covalent or noncovalent bonding are discussed. These include “pearl necklace” structures, “charm bracelet” structures, organometallic polymers, crosslinked polymers, end-capped polymers, star-shaped polymers and supramolecular polymers. Secondly, all-carbon polymers, which are produced by fusing fullerenes together, are covered. The synthesis and properties of each class of fullerene polymer are outlined and the prospects for commercial applications considered.
Larotrectinib versus Prior Therapies in Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase Fusion Cancer: An Intra-Patient Comparative Analysis
Authors: Italiano Antoine , Nanda Shivani , Briggs Andrew , Garcia-Foncillas Jesus , Lassen Ulrik , Vassal Gilles , Kummar Shivaani , van Tilburg Cornelis M. , Hong David S. , Laetsch Theodore W. , Keating Karen , Reeves John A. , Fellous Marc , Childs Barrett H. , Drilon Alexander , Hyman David M.
Published: November 2020

Randomized controlled basket trials investigating drugs targeting a rare molecular alteration are challenging. Using patients as their own control overcomes some of these challenges. Growth modulation index (GMI) is the ratio of progression-free survival (PFS) on the current therapy to time to progression (TTP) on the last prior line of therapy; GMI ≥ 1.33 is considered a threshold of meaningful clinical activity. In a retrospective, exploratory analysis among patients with advanced tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) fusion cancer treated with the selective TRK inhibitor larotrectinib who received ≥1 prior line of therapy for locally advanced/metastatic disease, we determined the proportion of patients with GMI ≥ 1.33; patients who had not progressed by data cut-off were censored for PFS. Among 72 eligible patients, median GMI was 2.68 (range 0.01–48.75). Forty-seven patients (65%) had GMI ≥ 1.33; 13/25 patients (52%) with GMI < 1.33 had not yet progressed on larotrectinib. Kaplan–Meier estimates showed a median GMI of 6.46. The probability of attaining GMI ≥ 1.33 was 0.75 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.65–0.85). Median TTP on previous treatment was 3.0 months (95% CI, 2.6–4.4). Median PFS on larotrectinib was not estimable ((NE); 95% CI, NE; hazard ratio, 0.220 (95% CI, 0.146–0.332)). This analysis suggests larotrectinib improves PFS for patients with TRK fusion cancer compared with prior therapy.
Molecular Interplay between AURKA and SPOP Dictates CRPC Pathogenesis via Androgen Receptor
Authors: Nikhil Kumar , Kamra Mohini , Raza Asif , Haymour Hanan S. , Shah Kavita
Published: November 2020

SPOP, an adaptor protein for E3 ubiquitin ligase can function as a tumor-suppressor or a tumor-enhancer. In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), it inhibits tumorigenesis by degrading many oncogenic targets, including androgen receptor (AR). Expectedly, SPOP is the most commonly mutated gene in CRPC (15%), which closely correlates with poor prognosis. Importantly, 85% of tumors that retain wild-type SPOP show reduced protein levels, indicating that SPOP downregulation is an essential step in CRPC progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study uncovered the first mechanism of SPOP regulation in any type of cancer. We identified SPOP as a direct substrate of Aurora A (AURKA) using an innovative technique. AURKA directly phosphorylates SPOP at three sites, causing its ubiquitylation. SPOP degradation drives highly aggressive oncogenic phenotypes in cells and in vivo including stabilizing AR, ARv7 and c-Myc. Further, SPOP degrades AURKA via a feedback loop. SPOP upregulation is one of the mechanisms by which enzalutamide exerts its efficacy. Consequently, phospho-resistant SPOP fully abrogates tumorigenesis and EMT in vivo, and renders CRPC cells sensitive to enzalutamide. While genomic mutations of SPOP can be treated with gene therapy, identification of AURKA as an upstream regulator of SPOP provides a powerful opportunity for retaining WT-SPOP in a vast majority of CRPC patients using AURKA inhibitors ± enzalutamide, thereby treating the disease and inhibiting its progression.
The Role of Circular RNAs in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Biliary-Tract Cancers
Authors: Limb Christopher , Liu Daniel S. K. , Veno Morten T. , Rees Eleanor , Krell Jonathan , Bagwan Izhar N. , Giovannetti Elisa , Pandha Hardev , Strobel Oliver , Rockall Timothy A. , Frampton Adam E.
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and biliary-tract cancers (BTC) often present at a late stage, and consequently patients have poor survival-outcomes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules whose role in tumourigenesis has recently been realised. They are stable, conserved and abundant, with tissue-specific expression profiles. Therefore, significant interest has arisen in their use as potential biomarkers for PDAC and BTC. High-throughput methods and more advanced bioinformatic techniques have enabled better profiling and progressed our understanding of how circRNAs may function in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to influence the transcriptome in these cancers. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to describe the roles of circRNAs in PDAC and BTC, their potential as biomarkers, and their function in the wider ceRNA network in regulating microRNAs and the transcriptome. Medline, Embase, Scopus and PubMed were systematically reviewed to identify all the studies addressing circRNAs in PDAC and BTC. A total of 32 articles were included: 22 considering PDAC, 7 for Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and 3 for Gallbladder Cancer (GBC). There were no studies investigating Ampullary Cancer. Dysregulated circRNA expression was associated with features of malignancy in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. Overall, there have been very few PDAC and BTC tissues profiled for circRNA signatures. Therefore, whilst the current studies have demonstrated some of their functions in these cancers, further work is required to elucidate their potential role as cancer biomarkers in tissue, biofluids and biopsies.