bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of pollen in sunflower lines of a breeding and genetic collection
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Demurin Ya.N. , Rubanova O.A. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Meleychuk A.V. ,   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Published: June 2024

We studied pollen productivity and its morphological heterogeneity in the lines of the breeding and genetic sunflower collection. The research was carried out at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Krasnodar, in 2022–2023. Collection lines VK934, VK1-klp, VK678, VK876, In Krupnyak, VK195, MVG-8, VK416, L2138, K1587, KG49 and RIL200 were used. To assess the quality of pollen, we used the parameter of morphological heterogeneity of pollen grains, i.e. the proportion of atypical grains. The pollen productivity was assessed by two parameters: pollen weight and the number of pollen grains. A Biolab TS-2000 LCD MS 20 microscope was used at a magnification of 40×. A line L2138 was characterized by a maximum weight of 1.17 mg/anther and a number of pollen grains of 45,239 pieces/anther. A line VK876 had the minimal values of these traits – 0.25 mg/anther and 16448 pcs/anther, respectively. A high positive correlation of r = 0.90 was noted between these traits. In 2022, the average diameter of pollen grains in 12 studied lines varied from 30 to 32 µm, with an average value of 31 µm. In 2023, the minimal diameter of pollen grains was lower than in 2022 and amounted to 27 µm, the maximum was at the level of 2022 – 32 µm with an average value of 30 µm. Over two years of research, a line KG49 showed significant morphological heterogeneity of pollen, which was expressed in a high proportion of defective pollen grains (58%). A line VK195 was characterized by low morphological heterogeneity with a proportion of defective pollen grains of 5%.
Yield of oil crops and winter wheat depending on the contents of mobile nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in leached black soil in a stationary field experiment of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops
Authors:   V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops, Tishkov N.M.
Published: June 2024

In grain-row crop rotation, sunflower – winter wheat, castor plant – winter wheat, soybean – winter wheat in stationary field experiment in 1981– 1989, we studied contents of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium, the degree of phosphate mobility in 0–60 cm layer of leached black soil in the spring after incorporating plant residues of cultivated crops into the soil and applying mineral fertilizers. It was revealed that the application of plant residues and mineral fertilizers in the soil increased the contents of nitrate nitrogen by 0.1–9.0 mg/kg, mobile phosphorus – by 3.7–21.9 mg/100 g, in comparison with the control, depending on culture. On average, according to the experimental variants, the soil received 7.3 t/ha of above-ground plant residues of sunflower, 5.7 t/ha of castor plants, 3.7 t/ha of soybeans, 6.5 t/ha of winter wheat after sunflower, 7.9–8.0 t/ha – after castor plants and soybeans. With plant residues after their mineralization, 42–57 kg/ha of nitrogen, 13– 26 kg/ha of phosphorus, and 30–208 kg/ha of potassium are returned to the soil. The dependence of the yield of sunflower, castor plant, soybean, and winter wheat after oil preceding crops on the contents of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium, the degree of phosphate mobility in spring in leached black soil has been established, and regression equations have been calculated. The optimal contents of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium, the degree of phosphate mobility in leached black soil in spring for sunflower, castor plants, soybeans, and winter wheat are shown, above which the use of fertilizers for these crops is ineffective. Sunflower, castor plants, and soybeans, as predecessors of winter wheat, have different effects on the dependence of the yield of winter wheat on the content of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium in the leached black soil in the spring.
Pustular Psoriasis of Pregnancy Successfully Managed with Steroid and Cyclosporine – A Case Report
Authors: Dhinoja Niraj Virendrabhai , Shah Mauli , Jadav Kishan , Vora Rita
Published: June 2024

Pustular psoriasis of pregnancy is a well-known dermatosis of pregnancy. Erythematous plaques with pustular rings and central erosions affecting the intertriginous regions are one of the most common presentations. It can be severe during pregnancy and may impact both the mother and the foetus if not treated. It typically disappears quickly after birth, but there is a chance of recurrence with increased severity in consecutive pregnancies. Systemic corticosteroids are the treatment of choice in generalised pustular psoriasis of pregnancy (GPPP). Cyclosporine also plays a role in the management. We present a case of GPPP in a 30-year-old woman who was treated with systemic corticosteroids and cyclosporine with an uneventful childbirth and a normal foetus.
Writing medical case report – A primer for the beginners
Authors: Chakrabarti Sudipta , Mandal Prakas Kumar , Dasgupta Senjuti
Published: June 2024

In scientific writing, a case report is considered the first attempt by the novice author to convey a message to the peer group and maybe to a non-technical literate person. Preparing a case report is the most useful tool in learning, as the basic methodology is similar to writing scientific literature and subsequent publications. A medical case report shares with the intended and interested reader an unforeseen clinical occurrence and information. As the source of future big discoveries often has its seed in the case reports, following the standard guideline is of utmost importance to young researchers for their entry into the medical literature universe.
Nonenzymatic Hydration of Phosphoenolpyruvate: General Conditions for Hydration in Protometabolism by Searching Across Pathways
Authors: Zimmermann Joris , Basar Atalay Bora , Moran Joseph
Published: June 2024

Numerous reactions within metabolic pathways have been reported to occur nonenzymatically, supporting the hypothesis that life began from a primitive nonenzymatic precursor to metabolism. However, most of those studies reproduce individual transformations or segments of pathways without providing a common set of conditions for classes of reactions that span multiple pathways. In this study, we search across pathways for common nonenzymatic conditions for a recurring chemical transformation in metabolism: alkene hydration. The mild conditions that we identify (Fe oxides such as green rust) apply to all hydration reactions of the rTCA cycle and gluconeogenesis, including the hydration of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to 2-phosphoglycerate (2PGA), which had not previously been reported under nonenzymatic conditions. Mechanistic insights were obtained by studying analogous substrates and through anoxic and radical trapping experiments. Searching for nonenzymatic conditions across pathways provides a complementary strategy to triangulate conditions conducive to the nonenzymatic emergence of a protometabolism.
Entropy-driven 60 mol% Li Electrolyte
Authors: Wu Shengan Wu , Nishigaki Yuhi , Hagiwara Rika , Hwang Jinkwang , Matsumoto Kazuhiko
Published: June 2024

Highly Li-concentrated electrolytes are acknowledged for their compatibility with Li metal negative electrodes and high voltage positive electrodes to achieve high-energy Li metal batteries, showcasing stable and facile interfaces for Li deposition/dissolution and high anodic stability. This study aims to explore a highly concentrated electrolyte by adopting entropy-driven chemistry for Li metal-free (so-called anode-free) batteries. The combination of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide and trifluoromethanesulfonate salts in a pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid has been found to significantly modify the coordination structure, resulting in an unprecedented 60 mol% Li concentration and a low solvent-to-salt ratio of 0.67:1 in the electrolyte system. This novel 60 mol% Li electrolyte demonstrates unique coordination stricture, featuring a high ratio of monodentate-anion structures and aggregates, which facilitates an enhanced Li+ transference number and improved anodic stability. Moreover, the developed electrolyte provides a facile de-coordination process and leads to the formation of an anion-based solid electrolyte interface, which enables stable Li deposition/dissolution properties and demonstrates excellent cycling stability in the Li metal-free full cell with a Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 (NCM811) positive electrode.
Regeneration of PFAS-laden Granular Activated Carbon in Modified Supercritical CO2 Extraction
Authors: Didenko Tatiana , Lau Almond , Purohit Anmol L. , Feng Ji , Ateia Mohamed , Novosselov Igor V.
Published: June 2024

Granular activated carbon (GAC) is used widely to treat PFAS-contaminated streams, resulting in large quantities of spent GAC that are landfilled or regenerated for future use. Herein, we report the development and application of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) extraction modified with organic solvent and acid modifier. The method yields > 97% desorption efficiency of PFOA after ~60 minutes of treatment in a continuous flow reactor. The mild extraction conditions at ~100 °C do not trigger the formation of volatile organic fluorine or the alteration of the GAC sorbent properties. Another benefit of using scCO2 in the extraction is the high miscibility of co-solvent/scCO2, which eliminates diffusion transport limitations, enabling rapid PFAS extraction into a single-phase (gas-like) medium. The introduction of an organic co-solvent and the absence of water as a solvent limit hydrophobic interactions between the sorbent and the adsorbate. At the same time, the addition of acid modifiers reduces the electrostatic interactions between PFAS and sorbents. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) may prove effective for other types of sorbents, including various ion-exchange resins. The modified SFE process can be an economically effective regeneration scheme, leading to the reuse of sorbents in future adsorption cycles and achieving high PFAS concentration in the effluent for end-of-life treatment technologies.
Singlet-Triplet Inversion in Triangular Boron Carbon Nitrides
Authors: Bedogni Matteo , Di Maiolo Francesco
Published: June 2024

The discovery of singlet-triplet (ST) inversion in some π-conjugated triangle-shaped boron carbon nitrides is a remarkable breakthrough that defies Hund’s first rule. Deeply rooted in strong electron-electron interactions, ST inversion has garnered significant interest due to its potential to revolutionize triplet harvesting in organic LEDs. Using the well-established Pariser-Parr-Pople model for correlated electrons in π-conjugated systems, we employ a combination of CISDT and RASCI calculations to investigate the photophysics of several triangular boron carbon nitrides. Our findings reveal that ST inversion in these systems is primarily driven by a network of alternating electron- donor and electron-acceptor groups in the molecular rim, rather than by the triangular molecular structure itself.
Non-fertilizer uses of phosphorus: an overview
Authors: Schipper Willem , Whalen Joann
Published: June 2024

Phosphorus is a non-substitutable element required for the storage of genetic information, energy transfer and the structural integrity of biological systems. Agricultural use of phosphorus fertilizers and supplements aims to balance the biological phosphorus stoichiometry, for optimal growth and yield of crops and animals. Most of the commercial phosphorus industry aims to produce phosphates and polyphosphates for agricultural sector, particularly for fertilizer, animal feed and the food/beverage industries. However, about 10% of the mineral resources are allocated for non-fertilizer uses via thermal processing of phosphate rock to elemental phosphorus as the tetrahedral P4 molecule, which is then stabilized as P4 derivatives for controlled production of hundreds of phosphorus-containing compounds with diverse chemistry and practical uses. True P4 derivatives are made only from P4 and include intermediates such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), phosphorus trichloride (PCl3), phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3), phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), phosphorus pentasulphide (P2S5), phosphines (containing PH3), red P (amorphous elemental P designated P21), hypophosphites (ionic form H2PO2-) and phosphides (reduced form P3-). This review explains the synthesis and applications of these non-fertilizer phosphorus compounds as flame retardants and plastic stabilizers, for metal sequestration and extraction, in catalyst ligands, as electrolytes in batteries, as crop protection agents and as anti-wear substances.
Unique structure type and antiferromagnetic ordering in semiconducting Eu2InSnP3
Authors: Gebre Mebatsion , Jiang Zhihao , Riedel Zachary , Pappas Emma , Zhou Honghui , Schleife Andre , Shoemaker Daniel
Published: June 2024

The multitude of bonding motifs that can arise from the main group elements in pnictides leads to ternary compounds with rare earths that span insulating and metallic behavior, layered and channeled compounds, and ferrimagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering. Here we present the quaternary pnictide Eu2InSnP3, which forms in the orthorhombic space group Pnma. The Eu2+ ions in Eu2InSnP3 form a hollandite-like channeled matrix of edge-sharing EuP6 octahedra, while the interior of the channels are filled with ethane-like InSnP6 units. Despite the challenges in differentiating In and Sn by X-ray diffraction, their equimolar concentration and ordering in this compound is enforced by the need for charge balance, which leads to semiconducting behavior. First-principles simulations confirm the stability of the experimentally found crystal structure and show that the smallest gap to be indirect of about 0.5 eV, but close in energy to a direct gap. The magnetic behavior of Eu2InSnP3 is complex, with a low-field antiferromagnetic ordering at TN = 12 K and a spin-flop transition around 0.8 T at 2 K. The progression of magnetic states is complex, driven by the two inequivalent Eu sites in the compound and the low anisotropy of the 4f7 Eu ion.
Mesomeric control of the optoelectronic properties of polymerized small molecule acceptors
Authors: Sorbelli Diego , Wu Yilei , Bao Zhenan , Galli Giulia
Published: June 2024

Regioregular polymerized non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (PSMAs) are currently the most promising candidates to achieve highly efficient all-polymer solar cells. Previous studies showed a systematic correlation between polymerization sites and the properties of the PSMA, where one of the regioisomers (γ) displays more favorable optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties compared to the other (δ). However, these systematic observations have not been rationalized yet. Here, using first principles calculations, we reveal that the substituents on the cross-conjugated terminal unit of the SMA core are responsible for improving the optoelectronic properties of γ-PSMAs, by extending the conjugation length and enhancing favorable mesomeric effects. Importantly, we demonstrate that these effects may be exploited as a universal molecular design principle. We predict that functionalizing PSMAs in selected positions with electron-withdrawing groups could further improve their optoelectronic properties. Our study provides a quantitative framework for understanding and rationalizing the relationship between polymerization sites and optoelectronic properties in regioregular PSMAs; in addition, our results pave the way for a rational design principle to further improve the properties of these conjugated polymers and, in turn, the efficiency of all-polymer solar cells.
∆DFT predicts inverted singlet-triplet gaps with chemical accuracy at a fraction of the cost of wavefunction-based approaches
Authors: Kunze Lukas , Froitzheim Thomas , Hansen Andreas , Grimme Stefan , Mewes Jan-Michael
Published: June 2024

Efficient OLEDs must quickly convert singlet and triplet excitons into photons. Molecules with an inverted singlet-triplet energy gap (INVEST) are promising candidates for this task. However, typical INVEST molecules have drawbacks like too low oscillator strengths and excitation energies. High-throughput screening could identify suitable INVEST molecules, but existing methods are problematic: The workhorse method TD-DFT cannot reproduce gap inversion, while wavefunction-based methods are too slow. This study proposes a state-specific method based on unrestricted Kohn-Sham DFT with common hybrid functionals. Tuned on the new INVEST15 benchmark set, this method achieves an error of less than 1 kcal/mol, which is traced back to error cancellation between spin contamination and dynamic correlation. Applied to the larger and structurally diverse NAH159 set in a black-box fashion, the method maintains a small error (1.2 kcal/mol) and accurately predicts gap signs in 83% of cases, confirming its robustness and suitability for screening workflows.
Inteligencia artificial en la transcripción de entrevistas
Authors: Yépez-Reyes Verónica , Cruz-Silva Jorge
Published: June 2024

Las entrevistas, fundamentales para el ejercicio periodístico y la investigación cualitativa, capturan el significado profundo del pensamiento de la humanidad. En 2023, las herramientas de inteligencia artificial (IA) se popularizaron, y vimos que se las empezó a usar en la grabación, transcripción y subtitulado de discursos. El objetivo del estudio es identificar la IA más adecuada para transcribir grabaciones en español y priorizar la completitud de tareas, la eficacia y la eficiencia. La IA seleccionada se aplicará a un corpus de 450 entrevistas cortas, para luego codificarlas y analizar su contenido. El artículo se centra en cuatro herramientas de transcripción con IA en español: Office 365 (Word) Transcribe, Amazon Transcribe, Notta y Whisper. La tecnología permite aprovechar la riqueza de la grabación original sin que medie la intervención, y posible modificación, de quien la transcribe, sea persona o asistente virtual. Los resultados señalan la rapidez de la transcripción y la posibilidad de las IA de procesar y alojar en línea documentos escritos. En cuanto a las posibilidades de interacción con el texto, se observa el rol fundamental de los equipos de investigación en la comprensión profunda y análisis del contenido con el apoyo proporcionado por las IA en las tareas de transcripción.
Mi día a día con una ostomía: el rol del paciente influencer en Instagram
Authors: Martín García Alberto , Buitrago Álex , Martínez-Sanz Raquel
Published: June 2024

El presente estudio pone el foco de atención sobre la ostomía, una intervención digestiva que ha aumentado en los últimos años. Su limitada visibilidad y escaso conocimiento entre la población nos lleva a indagar en la manera que esta se representa en redes y el papel que juegan determinados creadores de contenido en Instagram. A través de una metodología basada en el análisis de contenido, se examina una muestra de perfiles de Instagram enfocados en la visibilización de esta cirugía. Los resultados revelan que la existencia de dichos perfiles y su publicación periódica de contenido alrededor de la ostomía: 1) provoca un efecto tranquilizador para las personas que se encuentran en una situación similar o próxima; 2) el hecho de relatar su experiencia y de mostrar con naturalidad su día a día con “la bolsa” ayuda a dar a conocer una situación, irreversible en muchos casos, pero que permite mejorar la calidad de vida de muchos pacientes con enfermedades graves intestinales; y 3) su papel como creadores de contenido y su efecto en la población con ostomía les aproxima al rol de influencers con un contacto directo y cercano con el público objetivo.
Uric acid, cognitive disorders, neurodegeneration
Authors: Eliseev Maxim S. , Zheliabina Olga V. , Nasonov Evgeny L.
Published: June 2024

This article examines the role of uric acid (UA) in cognitive changes and neurodegeneration, focusing on its functions as an antioxidant and prooxidant. Research suggests that changes in serum UA levels may be associated with the development or delay of cognitive impairment, especially in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. It was revealed that there is a relationship between the level of UA and the dynamics of cognitive functions, indicating the potential neuroprotective properties of UA. Particular attention is paid to the balance between the antioxidant and prooxidant properties of UA, which may play a key role in protecting neurons from damage. However, research results are not clear-cut, highlighting the need for further research to more fully understand the role of UA in cognitive processes. Determining the optimal serum UA level may be an important step in developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment associated with neurodegeneration. Overall, these studies advance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interaction between uric acid metabolism and brain health.
The effect of hypothyroidism on cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes mellitus developing in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kondratyeva Liubov V. , Popkova Tatiana V. , Nasonov Evgeny L.
Published: June 2024

Aim. To compare the frequency of cardiovascular events (CVE), to assess the risk of cardiovascular death using the mSCORE and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using the FINDRISC in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with and without hypothyroidism.
Materials and methods. The study included 149 patients (125 women, 24 men) with RA (median age – 57 [52; 61] years). In all patients, traditional factors of cardiovascular risk and glucose metabolism disorders (age, smoking status, total blood cholesterol, blood pressure, overweight, abdominal obesity – AO, heredity burdened by diabetes, insufficient physical activity, the lack of the necessary amount of berries, fruits and vegetables in the daily diet, history of hyperglycemia episodes), the 10-year risk of death from cardiovascular causes according to the mSCORE and the risk of developing type 2 DM according to the FINDRISС were assessed, a history of CVE (myocardial infarctions, and its revascularization, stroke) was recorded.
Results. Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 17.4% of RA patients. Patients with hypothyroidism (group 1) were more likely to have AO and less likely to consume unsufficient dietary fiber than patients with euthyroidism (group 2). Moderate, high and very high risk of development according to the mSCORE and FINDRISC was detected in 61.5% of hypothyroid patients and 48.8% euthyroid patients, according to mSCORE alone – in 30.8 and 44.7%, according to FINDRISC – in 0 and 2.4%, respectively (p0.05 in all cases); 11.5% of patients in group 1 and 6.5% in group 2 suffered from CVE (OR 1.875, 95% CI 0.462–7.607; p=0.63).
Conclusion. It is necessary to evaluate the thyroid gland function, especially in patients with AO due to the high frequency of hypothyroidism in RA. Hypothyroidism did not have an independent effect on the severe CVЕ rates, as well as risk assessment according to the score and FINDRISC in RA patients. Theses, with and without hypothyroidism, were predominantly in the moderate, high, very high risk groups according to both scales.
Coexistence of familial Mediterranean fever and seronegative spondyloarthritis: peculiarities of the course
Authors: Ginosyan Knarik V. , Vardanyan Valentina S. , Eghiazaryan Nikolai G. , Jndoyan Zinaida T. , Ghazinyan Irina S. , Bablumyan Aren Yu.
Published: June 2024

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive disease distributed among populations of Mediterranean origin – Armenians, Sephardi Jews, Arabs, Turks. There are numerous clinical observations regarding combination of FMF, as a classical representative of autoinflammatory diseases, with systemic diseases of connective tissue. Seronegative spondyloarthritis (SpA) are the most interesting disorders from this point of view, as far as sacroiliitis – an essential feature of SpA, may also present as a part of joint syndrome in FMF. The main objective of this clinical study was the investigation of the peculiarities of courses of FMF and SpA in case of their coexistence. We studied 126 patients with FMF, SpA and coexistence of both. According to results, patients with the overlap of FMF with SpA had relatively milder course of disease in comparison with each disease separately. Comparative clinical and instrumental characteristics of FMF-associated disorders had shown that in FMF-SpA overlap the symptoms of both diseases are less severe.
Current challenges for therapy of comorbid patients: a new look at celecoxib. A review
Authors: Zyryanov Sergey K. , Baybulatova Elena A.
Published: June 2024

The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for a wide range of diseases is increasing, in part due to an increasing elderly population. Elderly patients are more vulnerable to adverse drug reactions, including side effects and adverse effects of drug-drug interactions, often occurring in this category of patients due to multimorbidity and polypharmacy. One of the most popular NSAIDs in the world is celecoxib. It is a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor with 375 times more COX-2 inhibitory activity than COX-1. As a result, celecoxib has a better gastrointestinal tract safety profile than non-selective NSAIDs. Gastrointestinal tolerance is an essential factor that physicians should consider when selecting NSAIDs for elderly patients. Celecoxib can be used in a wide range of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and rheumatological diseases, for the treatment of acute pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea, etc. It is also increasingly used as part of a multimodal perioperative analgesia regimen. There is strong evidence that COX-2 is actively involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage, as well as in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. NSAIDs are first-line therapy in the treatment of acute migraine attacks. Celecoxib is well tolerated in patients with risk factors for NSAID-associated nephropathy. It does not decrease the glomerular filtration rate in elderly patients and patients with chronic renal failure. Many meta-analyses and epidemiological studies have not confirmed the increased risk of cardiovascular events reported in previous clinical studies and have not shown an increased risk of cardiovascular events with celecoxib, irrespective of dose. COX-2 activation is one of the key factors contributing to obesity-related inflammation. Specific inhibition of COX-2 by celecoxib increases insulin sensitivity in overweight or obese patients. Combination therapies may be a promising new area of treatment for obesity and diabetes.
Efficacy and safety of undenatured type II collagen in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
Authors: Alekseeva Liudmila I. , Kashevarova Natalia G. , Taskina Elena A. , Strebkova Ekaterina A. , Korotkova Tatiana A. , Sharapova Evgeniia P. , Savushkina Natalya M. , Lila Aleksander M. , Shostak Nadezhda A. , Mazurov Vadim I. , Nesterovich Irina I. , Dedkova Viktoriia A. , Vasilyuk Vasiliy B. , Egorova Natalia V. , Leontyeva Marina A. , Yakupova Svetlana P. , Vinogradova Irina B. , Sorotskaya Valentina N. , Shirokova Larisa Yu.
Published: June 2024

Background. Non-pharmacological treatments based on collagen as a dietary supplement are emerging as a new area of interest to support preventive or therapeutic effects in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).
Aim. In a multicenter, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study, to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of the Artneo complex containing undenatured chicken collagen type II in patients with OA of the knee joints.
Materials and methods. The study enrolled 212 outpatients from 12 centers in the Russian Federation with knee OA, stages II and III according to the Kellgren–Lawrence classification. The participants included 171 women (80.7%) and 41 men (19.3%), with an average age of 60.2±9.0 years (range: 40 to 75 years). The study population was randomly allocated in equal proportions into two groups using an interactive web response system (IWRS). Group 1 (Artneo) consisted of 106 patients who took one capsule of the drug once daily for 180 days. Group 2 (Placebo) also had 106 patients, with the dosage form and regimen identical to Group 1. During the treatment period, the following outcomes were assessed: WOMAC index, KOOS, pain according to VAS, quality of life using the EQ-5D questionnaire, and the need for NSAIDs. All patients underwent a clinical blood test, general urine analysis, biochemical blood test, and ultrasound examination of the affected knee joint.
Results. In a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study, it was demonstrated that the Artneo combination, containing undenatured chicken collagen type II, has a positive effect on all clinical manifestations of OA: it effectively reduces pain, stiffness, and improves the functional state of joints and quality of life. It has a good safety profile and is superior to placebo in all parameters studied.
Conclusion. The results of the study confirm the good effectiveness and safety of the Artneo combination in patients with OA of the knee joints.
ỨNG DỤNG GIS ĐỂ ĐÁNH GIÁ BIẾN ĐỘNG SỬ DỤNG ĐẤT THÀNH PHỐ HUẾ, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ TRONG GIAI ĐOẠN 2012–2022
Authors: Linh Hồ Nhật , Chương Huỳnh Văn , Ngữ Nguyễn Hữu , Tuyết Trần Thị Ánh , Tiến Nguyễn Đình
Published: June 2024

Chúng tôi sử dụng phần mềm ArcGIS 10.8 để xây dựng bản đồ biến động sử dụng đất từ hai bản đồ hiện trạng sử dụng đất năm 2011 và 2019 và số liệu kiểm kê đất đai năm 2012 và 2022. Các bản đồ hiện trạng sử dụng đất thể hiện tám loại hình sử dụng đất, bao gồm: Đất nông nghiệp, Đất chuyên dùng, Đất ở đô thị, Đất ở nông thôn, Đất sông suối, mặt nước chuyên dùng, Đất tôn giáo, tín ngưỡng, Đất nghĩa trang, nghĩa địa và Đất chưa sử dụng. Bản đồ biến động sử dụng đất xây dựng bằng việc chồng xếp từ hai bản đồ hiện trạng sử dụng đất cho thấy rằng, trong giai đoạn năm 2012–2022, có sự thay đổi rõ rệt về diện tích do quá trình mở rộng đô thị theo NQ 1624/NQ-UBTVQH và biến động sử dụng đất. Cụ thể, khu vực mở rộng có diện tích 19.542,16 ha do sát nhập các xã phường vào thành phố trong đó xã Hương Thọ có diện tích lớn nhất với 4716,14 ha và loại đất chiếm diện tích lớn nhất là đất nông nghiệp với 12.783,7 ha. Phần biến động đất đai so với ranh giới cũ có diện tích 7.104,05 ha và loại đất biến động tăng lớn nhất là đất chuyên dùng (410,23 ha) và giảm lớn nhất là đất nông nghiệp (302,73 ha).
Twisting the theory on the origin of human umbilical cord coiling featuring monozygotic twins
Authors: Todtenhaupt Pia , Kuipers Thomas B , Dijkstra Kyra L , Voortman Lenard M , Franken Laura A , Spekman Jip A , Jonkman Thomas H , Groene Sophie G , Roest Arno AW , Haak Monique C , Verweij EJoanne T , van Pel Melissa , Lopriore Enrico , Heijmans Bastiaan T , van der Meeren Lotte E
Published: June 2024

The human umbilical cord (hUC) is the lifeline that connects the fetus to the mother. Hypercoiling of the hUC is associated with pre- and perinatal morbidity and mortality. We investigated the origin of hUC hypercoiling using state-of-the-art imaging and omics approaches. Macroscopic inspection of the hUC revealed the helices to originate from the arteries rather than other components of the hUC. Digital reconstruction of the hUC arteries showed the dynamic alignment of two layers of muscle fibers in the tunica media aligning in opposing directions. We observed that genetically identical twins can be discordant for hUC coiling, excluding genetic, many environmental, and parental origins of hUC coiling. Comparing the transcriptomic and DNA methylation profile of the hUC arteries of four twin pairs with discordant cord coiling, we detected 28 differentially expressed genes, but no differentially methylated CpGs. These genes play a role in vascular development, cell–cell interaction, and axis formation and may account for the increased number of hUC helices. When combined, our results provide a novel framework to understand the origin of hUC helices in fetal development.
PLURALISMO JURÍDICO EN GUATEMALA EN TIEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Pop Amilcar
Published: June 2024

Los retos que enfrentan los pueblos mayas de Guatemala, en contextos de pluralismo jurídico, cuya fortaleza del tejido comunitario, su visión filosófica axiológica y sus prácticas jurídicas, han sido espacios de resistencia cultural ante las múltiples violencias, incluidos los efectos del COVID-19, son una manera de apostarse frente a un Estado racista y excluyente. Este artículo aborda, por un lado, el análisis del pluralismo jurídico con sus avances y limitaciones en Guatemala y, por otro, los retos que enfrenta en el contexto actual de crisis de COVID19. La emergencia sanitaria, ha servido como excusa para profundizar el desarrollo de las estrategias para la subordinación de los pueblos indígenas, incluida la represión estatal contra aquellos que defienden sus territorios y en contraposición al respeto de sus derechos humanos individuales y colectivos. Se destaca, así mismo que contrario a las intenciones de los poderes estatales y particulares, las formas propias de vida, en lo político, jurídico, sanitario, educativo y preventivo, en el marco de la pandemia, toman fuerza y toman impulso delante de las occidentales formas mercantilistas cuyo eje no es la protección y la salvaguarda de la vida si no el capital.
EL CONFLICTO ESTADO CHILENO Y EL PUEBLO MAPUCHE
Authors: Millaman Reinado Rosamel Enrique
Published: June 2024

El articulo aborda la relación del estado chileno con el pueblo mapuche desde el retorno de la democracia en el año 1990. Durante este periodo se evidencia una profunda crisis de relación del estado chileno con el pueblo mapuche, debido a la imposición de un modelo económico y una política pública indígena muy ligada al modelo imperante. Como resultado, las comunidades y organizaciones mapuche han manifestado una resistencia, movilización social y territorial contra el estado y sus políticas. En contraposición, el estado y los gobiernos han desencadenado una represión sin precedentes, aplicando un sistema arbitrario de condenas a sus líderes y la recurrente aplicación de la ley antiterrorista que criminaliza al conjunto del movimiento social mapuche. En este contexto de represión, yo sostengo que en este marco de criminalización y represión se viene develando, en forma segmentada, manifestaciones del derecho propio mapuche, una estrategia utilizada por la defensa para acreditar por medio del peritaje especializado los derechos ancestrales y culturales del pueblo mapuche.
Palabras clave: represión política, derecho mapuche, autoridad tradicional.
Movimentos sociais de direita, participação política e qualidade da democracia no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Domínguez Avila Carlos Federico
Published: June 2024

O artigo mapeia e analisa a evolução dos movimentos sociais de direita, ao longo do governo do presidente Jair Messias Bolsonaro, entre 2019 e 2022. A conclusão ressalta que, mesmo após o fim do governo do presidente Bolsonaro, a reativação dos movimentos sociais de direita no Brasil merece e exige um esforço acadêmico mais persistente, principalmente na linha de pesquisa sobre a qualidade da democracia.
Justicia de transición: remodelando prácticas del Estado para el Buen Vivir
Authors: Zelic Marcelo
Published: June 2024

O ensaio analisa o processo de justiça de transição no Brasil, observando o não desenvolvimento dos eixos da memória e verdade, justiça, reparação e não-repetição de forma simultânea no país, que resultam em fragilidades na democracia brasileira. A impunidade e a ausência de mecanismos de não-repetição são fatores determinantes das fragilidades apontadas e geradores da repetição de graves violações de direitos humanos no Brasil. O texto aponta a necessidade de implementação de um processo transicional aplicado ao período de 2019 a 2022, quando no Brasil vivemos um momento de forte repetição,  pelo governo Bolsonaro, de práticas ligadas à ditadura militar de 1964-1985 contra os povos indígenas e diversos setores da sociedade.
CONSERVADORISMOS POLÍTICOS, MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E GARANTIA DE DIREITOS CONSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Lemos Igreja Rebecca , Sierra Camacho Maria Teresa , Antônio de Carvalho Dantas Fernando
Published: June 2024

Editorial do segundo número, sexto volume, da revista “Abya Yala –Revista sobre acesso à justiça e direitos nas Américas”.
RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE, ETHNORACIAL LAW AND THE SHIFTING LANDSCAPE OF AFRO-BRAZILIAN RELIGIOUS RIGHTS IN 21ST CENTURY BRAZIL
Authors: I. Hartikainen Elina
Published: June 2024

The legal status of Afro-Brazilian religions has changed dramatically in the past few decades. For much of the 20th century, Afro-Brazilian religions lacked legal recognition as religions. Over the past twenty years, they have become targets and beneficiaries of ethnoracial laws and government institutions fostered by Brazil’s 1988 “Citizens’ Constitution.” Still, most acts of violence on Afro-Brazilian religions fail to reach courts and even fewer are tried using the legal frameworks provided by ethnoracial law. This article examines the structural obstacles that the legal remediation of discrimination against Afro-Brazilian religions has faced over the past two decades. It argues that although religious activists' efforts have contributed to beneficial changes in the legal landscape surrounding religious intolerance, current legal understandings of religious prejudice and discrimination continue to curtail the application of anti-discriminatory law to most attacks on Afro-Brazilian religions. Looking ahead to the 2020s, these obstacles can be expected to be aggravated further by the growing influence of conservative Evangelical Christian agendas on the executive, legislative and judiciary branches of the Brazilian government.
Palabras clave: ley contra la discriminación, activismo legal, intolerancia religiosa, religiones afrobrasileñas
EL MODUS OPERANDI MULTICULTURALISTA DEL ESTADO EN AMÉRICA LATINA Y LA PRODUCCIÓN DE UNA ETNO-NORMATIVIDAD EN TRES LIBROS DE RECIENTE PUBLICACIÓN
Authors: Muteba Rahier Jean
Published: June 2024

Esto es un ensayo-reseña de los siguientes libros:
Goodale, Mark.  2019.  A Revolution in Fragments: Traversing Scales of Justice, Ideology, and Practice in Bolivia.  Durham: Duke University Press.
Loperena, Christopher.  Forthcoming.  A Fragmented Paradise: Blackness and the Limits of Progress in Honduras.  Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Jackson, Jean E.  2019.  Managing Multiculturalism: Indigeneity and the Struggle for Rights in Colombia.  Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Palabras-clave: el estado multiculturalista, América Latina, etno-normatividad, indigeneidad, afrodescendentes.
ENGAJAMENTO ACADÊMICO: UMA INVESTIGAÇÃO COM DISCENTES DO CURSO DE FÍSICA SOBRE A UTILIZAÇÃO DE ESTRATÉGIAS INOVADORAS NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO
Authors: Mendes de Farias Raí , Nery Ribeiro Tiago
Published: June 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar o engajamento dos estudantes no uso de práticas de ensino inovadoras, por meio da análise dos relatórios de estágio curricular obrigatório do curso de graduação de licenciatura em física do campus prof. Alberto Carvalho em Itabaiana, Sergipe. Para tanto, a metodologia utilizada se caracteriza por uma pesquisa exploratória de cunho qualitativo, com abordagem do tipo pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Como resultado, foi possível identificar a predominância do método tradicional de ensino como metodologia principal, pois os estagiários consideram que este método auxilia mais no controle emocional e facilita na administração de tempo, direcionando mais dedicação para os estudos, expuseram também que, a principal dificuldade na utilização de metodologias inovadoras está relacionada com a disposição do tempo em preparar as aulas, e não com a falta de competências necessárias para aquisição de um material de maior qualidade. Dessa forma, podemos verificar indícios da necessidade do estágio como objeto de constante investigação e, a partir de uma análise reflexiva pedagógica, a necessidade de buscar no estudante os elementos que constituem um professor, posto que o estágio configura-se em um momento importante de aproximação entre o futuro profissional docente e a escola. Muitas situações favorecem o engajamento acadêmico, permitindo vários saberes comportamentais, cognitivos, emocionais e sociais, mas ao realizar atividades que envolvem observação participativa e regência desprovidas de uma meta investigativa, pode colocar o estagiário em uma posição indesejável e levar o estudante a desengajar-se.
O USO DA PLACA MAKEY MAKEY PARA O ENSINO DE CIRCUITOS ELÉTRICOS SIMPLES NA PERSPERCTIVA DA CULTURA MAKER
Authors: Dos Santos Feitosa Gabriel , Da Silva Clebes André
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo de promover a compreensão sobre circuitos elétricos simples por meio da aprendizagem mão na massa destacando a importância da cultura maker e relatando os trabalhos desenvolvidos pelos alunos de eletiva do Colégio Estadual José Lobo em suas aulas. O projeto tem como finalidade contribuir para a formação do senso crítico e transformador dos discentes a partir do uso de metodologias ativas, desenvolvendo criatividade e incentivando o trabalho colaborativo. Este trabalho terá como foco desenvolver uma prática pedagógica alternativa as aulas tradicionais, mostrando que é possível ensinar assuntos de física como o tema desse artigo por meio de metodologias ativas, tornando o ensino mais lúdico e prático com o aluno como protagonista do processo de ensino aprendizagem e o professor assumindo papel de mediador, contribuindo para o crescimento mútuo do aluno/professor.
OFICINAS DE FÍSICA: PERSPECTIVA DA APRENDIZAGEM SIGNIFICATIVA PARA O ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Vieira Assunção Ana Dailete , Castelo Branco de Sousa Valéria , De Carvalho Lopes Gerson Anderson , Martinez Rafael
Published: June 2024

O presente estudo busca desenvolver e aplicar Oficinas de Física como uma opção para a educação continuada, de forma a incentivar a utilização de métodos experimentais na educação básica. O estudo foi desenvolvido na Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP), na cidade de Macapá, por meio da realização de experimentos nos Laboratórios de Ensino do Curso de Física e com a participação de professores que ministram aulas da disciplina na rede estadual de ensino. Propuseram-se experimentos com utilização de material alternativo e de baixo custo para que os participantes, consequentemente, consigam aplicar melhor o que foi explicado nas Oficinas e principalmente relacionar com o dia-a-dia em suas salas de aula. 80% dos participantes concordaram que trabalhando os conceitos físicos a partir da contextualização dos alunos há uma contribuição para uma aprendizagem significativa. 60% foram a favor da inserção de atividades experimentais como nova metodologia de ensino. Com a concretização deste trabalho, foi possível perceber, a partir da experimentação nas oficinas, a maior ou menor facilidade em trabalhar fenômenos intrínsecos a cada tema desenvolvido.
A DESCOBERTA DA NATUREZA ELÉTRICA DOS RAIOS: UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICO-INVESTIGATIVA
Authors: Bonfim Gomes Thatyusce , De Andrade Vanessa Carvalho
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho apresenta uma sequência didática aplicada em duas turmas de nono ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola particular do Distrito Federal. A construção da sequência foi baseada na utilização de um estudo de caso histórico na modalidade investigativa. O episódio histórico trabalhado é a descoberta da natureza elétrica dos raios, protagonizada por Benjamin Franklin no século XVIII. A intenção da proposta é fomentar a discussão de aspectos inerentes à natureza da ciência e introduzir os conceitos de carga elétrica e descarga elétrica. A utilização de narrações investigativas possibilita que o aluno seja colocado em uma simulação de produção científica fiel à realidade e, com isso, seja capaz de refletir e internalizar os aspectos inerentes à prática do cientista. A proposta conta também com atividades experimentais, práticas e demonstrativas, que buscam auxiliar na visualização e no entendimento dos fenômenos por parte dos alunos, bem como despertar o interesse no assunto abordado.
Conceitos de Relatividade Geral – Uma abordagem para o ensino de Física no Ensino Médio
Authors: Dias Santos Lucca Lopes , Grande Quartieri Raul , Henrique Schinzel Guilherme , Carvalho de Andrade Vanessa
Published: June 2024

Considerando a teoria de transposição didática de Chevallard, propõe-se uma abordagem para o ensino de Relatividade Geral no Ensino Médio. Desenvolve-se, nesse âmbito, a discussão de conceitos relativos ao formalismo construído por Einstein por intermédio de uma apresentação, direcionada aos professores, com caráter qualitativo, dos objetos matemáticos e equações referentes a tais conceitos sem, entretanto, negligenciar os meandros intrínsecos à compreensão da teoria. Espera-se, desse modo, a apreensão, por parte dos docentes, de tópicos frequentemente negligenciados – ou tratados de maneira reticente – em seu processo de formação e, consequentemente, a possibilidade de um ensino com bases sólidas aos alunos do ensino básico, levando em conta a transformação do conhecimento embasada pelo referencial teórico de Chevallard. São expostos temas como o Princípio da Equivalência, a equação da geodésica e as equações de campo de Einstein, em um constante processo de aproximação com os tópicos já tradicionalmente tratados em sala de aula, bem como sugere-se a construção de uma sequência didática capaz de aplicar a exposição dos conceitos aqui discutidos.
FUNDAMENTOS, PESQUISAS, CONTEMPORANEIDADES E TENDÊNCIAS NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Ferreira Marcello , Carvalho de Andrade Vanessa , Silva Filho Olavo Leopoldino da , Jorge Cabral de Paulo Iramaia , Moreira Marco Antonio
Published: June 2024

Em caráter descritivo e aplicado, o presente número da Revista do Professor de Física contém contribuições apresentadas nos Encontros Integrados em Física e seu Ensino 2022 (EIFE 2022), que tiveram lugar na Universidade de Brasília (UnB) entre os dias 12 a 16 de dezembro deste ano: II Encontro Nacional do Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física (En-MNPEF), VIII Escola Brasileira de Ensino de Física (EBEF) e XI Escola de Física Roberto A. Salmeron (EFRAS). Os temas, os referenciais e as metodologias são bastante diversas, transversalizando abordagens em conteúdos científicos e sua didática; incursões epistemológicas; relações psicológicas da aprendizagem; materiais e tecnologias digitais aplicadas ao ensino; metodologias ativas; experimentação e investigação; resolução de problemas e conceitualização; currículo; avaliação; abordagens ciência-tecnologia-sociedade; alfabetização, letramento e divulgação científica; ensino em espaços não formais; tendências e inovações etc. Também tiveram ênfase descrições decorrentes de aplicações educacionais, abrangendo: sequências didáticas; materiais instrucionais; soluções computacionais e outras tecnologias digitais; roteiros experimentais etc. As contribuições deram-se em fundamentos, pesquisas, contemporaneidades e tendências no ensino de física no Brasil, passando por temas clássicos e de fronteira e por abordagens que recuperam discussões sociais, políticas, organizacionais, de diversidade e inclusão. Uma característica que se pode haurir do conjunto de textos é a renovada tentativa translacional de aproximar abordagens acadêmicas voltadas para o ensino da Física à concretude da atuação na Educação Básica.