bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular species of glycerophosphoethanolamines in obesity-associated asthma
Authors: Denisenko Yu.K. , Omatova U.M. , Novgorodtseva T.P. , Ermolenko E.V.
Published: June 2023

Bronchial asthma (BA) complicated by obesity is a progressive disease phenotype that hardly responds to standard therapy. In this regard, it is important to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms of development of this comorbid pathology. In recent years, lipidomics has become an active research tool, opening new opportunities not only for understanding cellular processes in health and disease, but also for providing a personalized approach to medicine. The aim of this study was to characterize the lipidome phenotype based on the study of molecular species of glycerophosphatidylethanolamines (GPEs) in blood plasma of patients with BA complicated by obesity. Molecular species of GPEs were studied in blood samples of 11 patients. Identification and quantification of GPEs was carried out using high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. For the first time in this pathology, a change in the lipidome profile of molecular species of diacyl, alkyl-acyl and alkenyl-acyl HPEs of blood plasma was shown. In BA complicated by obesity, acyl groups 18:2 and 20:4 were dominated in the sn2 position of the molecular composition of diacylphosphoethanolamines. Simultaneously with the increase in the level of GPE diacyls with the fatty acids (FA) 20:4, 22:4, and 18:2, there was a decrease in these FAs in alkyl and alkenyl molecular species of GPEs, thus indicating their redistribution between subclasses. The eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5) deficiency at the sn2 position of alkenyl GPEs in patients with BA complicated by obesity indicates a decrease in the substrate for the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators. The resulting imbalance in the distribution of GPE subclasses, due to a pronounced increase in the content of diacyl GPE under conditions of the deficiency of molecular species of ether forms, can probably cause chronic inflammation and the development of oxidative stress. The recognized lipidome profile characterized by the modification of the basic composition and the chemical structure of GPE molecular species in BA complicated by obesity indicates their involvement in the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying BA development. The elucidation of particular roles of individual subclasses of glycerophospholipids and their individual members may contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers of bronchopulmonary pathology.
Possible association between lipid profile and uterine fibroid size
Authors: Turkey Banan Natiq , Rubayae Bushra J. Al.
Published: June 2023

Background: Uterine fibroid is the most common benign tumor in reproductive age group, arising from single smooth muscle cell of the uterus. Steroid hormones, estrogen, and progesterone are considered to be the most important links in the pathophysiology of uterine fibroid; meanwhile estrogens influence several aspects of lipid metabolism; so it's possible to theorize a relationship between uterine fibroid size and dyslipidemia. Aim of the study was to evaluate possible association of lipid profile with uterine fibroid size.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study performed in Babylon Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Pediatrics during the period from 1st of March 2020- 1st of December 2020. This study included one hundred women diagnosed with uterine fibroid using abdominal and/or transvaginal ultrasound, fifty patients with large uterine fibroids ≥5cm3, and fifty patients with small uterine fibroid<5cm3. Serum lipid profile was measured in both groups in fasting state for comparison.
Results: The most common complaint was abnormal uterine bleeding in both groups. body mass index were 20-29.9; and significant difference between group1 that showed a lower levels of high-density lipoprotein 40.82±9.4, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein 94.79±35.07 and total serum cholesterol 155.7±43.63 and group 2 that showed higher level of high density lipoprotein 50.7±6.55, lower level of low density lipoprotein 51.49±15.2 and total cholesterol 123.2±14.18 with p value <0.001.while non-significant difference between the two groups in term of  very low density lipoprotein with p value  0.878  and triglyceride with p value 0.879.
Conclusions: Dyslipidemia in the form of low high density lipoprotein, high low density lipoprotein and high cholesterol was significantly associated with increased size of uterine fibroid.
Evaluation of bile acid and deranged liver function test in obstetrics cholestasis in pregnancy in fetal and perinatal outcome
Authors: Mani Poonam , Sachdeva Rishika , Chaudhary Neeta , Chhabra Nikshima
Published: June 2023

Background: Pregnancy-related intrahepatic cholestasis is most prevalent hepatic disorder intense pruritus that affects the entire body including palm and sole. It is typically detected during second or third trimester. Pruritus frequently exacerbates at night, marked on the palms and soles of the feet and hands. Aim of this study was to evaluate bile acid and deranged liver function test in obstetrics cholestasis in pregnancy and to determine maternal fetal and outcomes.
Methods: This prospective case series study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College. The present study was conducted in 50 women, who were selected from outpatient department of antenatal care from tertiary care, taken written permission before study. The medical records of all women with obstetrics cholestasis who delivered between December 2021and August 2022.
Results: Subjects with IHCP  has mean age of 30.11±5.03 year, found SGOT 40% in 100-200  and SGPT 44 % I (0-100) range  and total bilirubin levels   is 33 %  in IHCP patients. In study found that LSCS due to 24% in fetal distress, 36% in MSL, 16% in IUGR, 14% preterm. Participants have 22% birth weight <2.5kg and 39 (78%) are under >2.5kg  babies  in IHCP patients and 24 % were underwent fetal distress and  24 % preterm delivery and 6 % got IUD . and no stillborn and 12% meconium.
Conclusions: It causes maternal pruritus with impaired LFT and raised serum bile acids. Maternal morbidity is increased in terms of increased LSCS rates and discomfort due to pruritus.
Maternal outcome amongst all deliveries of nullipara in spontaneous labor at term ≥37 weeks at a tertiary health care center in south Gujarat, India
Authors: Joshi Manan Y. , Mistry Urvi , Shrivastava Anjani
Published: June 2023

Background: Since last one decade there is rising concern over increasing rate of caesarean section in all over world, especially among nulliparous women. The national prevalence of CS in India has modestly increased over the past 25 years. According to data from the National Family Health Survey, the national CS rate in 1992-93 was 2.6% and rose to 17.2% in 2015-16. Study objective was to evaluate fetomaternal outcome of Nullipara >=37wks pregnancy in spontaneous labor.
Methods: This prospective observational study was done at Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of New Civil Hospital Surat for 6 months period after official approval from Ethical Committee.
Results: In my study 65% subjects had normal vaginal delivery, 34% subjects had cesarean section and 1% had operative vaginal delivery. In comparison between total no. Of ANC visit and postpartum/intrapartum complication p-value is 0.003 which is p <0.05, which is significant, which suggests that women with 4 or less total ANC visits have higher risk of developing postpartum/intrapartum complication than women with more than 4 total ANC visits.
Conclusions: The primary caesarean section among nulliparous singleton pregnancy with spontaneous labor is an important contributor to overall caesarean section of the health institute. The main indication for caesarean section were fetal distress, cephalo-pelvic disproportion and meconium stained liquor in early phase of labor. There is need to develop standard clinical protocol for management of these conditions and to promote vaginal delivery in nulliparous singleton pregnancy with spontaneous labor in eligible.
Outcomes of early first trimester medical termination of pregnancy: retrospective study
Authors: S. Prabhalya , V. M. Annith Kumar , Murugesan Umaiyal , S. Prasiddha
Published: June 2023

Background: Unsafe abortion is a major public health problem. Globally, 20 million unsafe abortions occur each year, accounting for 13% of all maternal deaths. According to WHO, 56% of abortions in developing countries are still unsafe even though medical abortion methods have been used for over a decade. The main objective of the present study is to compare the efficacy, acceptability, side effects and factors affecting the outcome of early medical abortion with oral and vaginal misoprostol after oral mifepristone in inducing early medical abortion up to 8 weeks of gestation.
Methods: A one-year retrospective, observational study was conducted. A total of 82 post-MTP patients were included in this study. Data retrieved from the hospital database was tabulated and analysed.
Results: The majority of women who underwent the procedure fell into the age group of 26-30 years (32.9%), on observing the parity of the mothers a whopping 82.9% were multiparous. The finished family (41.5%) was the most common reason for MTP. The incidence of RPOC in the study group was 31.7%. About 26.8% of the patients did not come back for follow-up.
Conclusions: The majority of women who underwent the procedure fell into the age group of 26-30 years (32.9%), on observing the parity of the mothers a whopping 82.9% were multiparous. The finished family (41.5%) was the most common reason for MTP. The incidence of RPOC in the study group was 31.7%. About 26.8% of the patients did not come back for follow-up.
Fertility, conception and complications in elderly primigravidas a comparative study: observational study
Authors: Sabha Madieha , Bashir Khushbu
Published: June 2023

Background: Incidence of elderly primigravida has increased now days, due to rising education level, effective means of birth control and high carrier goals. The women who conceived at advanced age (>35 years) for first time is defined as elderly primigravida. Indian standard is fixed at more than 30 years by Dutta 2013. These women are high risk for maternal and foetal complication and outcome. The study was done to assess pregnancy outcome in elderly primigravida.
Methods: This was a prospective comparative study done in 180 patients over a period of 18 months from September 2017 to March 2019. Among 180 patients 90 patients were elderly primigravidas more than 30 years of age and 90 patients were young primigravidas aged 20 to 29 years.
Results: Majority of elderly women though married early, conceived late, many women required other ovulation induction to ART dueto many associated complication with elderly primigravida C-section rate is higher in elderly as compared to vaginal delivery.
Conclusions: Elderly primigravida >30 years old had more difficulty in conceiving spontaneously as the fecundity is less with advanced age. The need for ovulation induction and other artificial reproductive techniques is higher in women with advanced age. The complications during pregnancy, labour and postpartum is higher in elderly primigravidas as compared to women less than 30 years of age.
A study on comparison of cerviprime and IV oxytocin in labour induction and evaluation of changes in the bishop’s score with these two agents
Authors: Swapna Durvasula Lakshmi , Sree Swetha
Published: June 2023

Background: There are several strategies for the induction of labor (IOL), and pharmacologic agents, including oxytocin and prostaglandins, are most commonly used in clinical practice. Compared with oxytocin, the prostaglandin E2 agent, dinoprostone, has been regarded as moreeffective for the induction of labor of LTPs with a non-dilated cervix. Objective was to compare the PGE2 gel placed intracervically with that of oxytocin given intravenously for induction of labor in both primipara as well as multipara with the comparison of Bishop’s score at the starting of induction and its improvement with both of these inducing agents in those with indications for induction with gestational age greater than 36 weeks.
Methods: Hospital based prospective observational study over a period of one year on patients attending the antenatal and high-riskpregnancy clinic and scheduled for induction of labor with Bishop score <4.
Results: The number of successful induction was low in primiparae group with low Bishop’s score (1-2). There were greater number of successful inductions in both primi as well as multiparae with higher Bishop’s score.
Conclusions: When a primigravida had a low cervical score or an unfavourable cervix, intracervical PGE2 gel was found to be more effective at ripening the cervix and inducing labour. Both medicines were equally effective at inducing labour in cases of multigavidae with any Bishop's score and primi with a higher Bishop's score.
Study of cervical cytology in pap smears in a tertiary care hospital of North Maharashtra
Authors: Agrawal Sakshi , Agrawal Sumedh , Gupta Prashant
Published: June 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death in females worldwide. In India cervical cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Cancer of cervix is preventable, and can be diagnosed at the pre-malignant stage with adequate and repetitive cytological screening by Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. Aim of this study was to study the role of Pap smear in detecting premalignant and malignant lesions as well as non-neoplastic lesions of cervix.
Methods: It is a retrospective study of 240 pap smears studied from January 2022 to June 2022 and received in pathology department of a tertiary care hospital of north Maharashtra. Samples are collected from women between 21 to 65 years presenting with some gynecological problems. Smears were reported as per the 2014 Bethesda system.
Results: Out of 240 women, 216 were having normal cytology and 146 cases with inflammatory changes. 10 cases were unsatisfactory. 5 cases of ASCUS, 1 case of SCC, 2 cases of HSIL and 6 cases of LSIL were observed.
Conclusions: Pap smear test is a simple, safe, noninvasive, economical OPD based procedure to detect pervasive cervical epithelial lesions. Every woman should undergo Pap test at least once in her life before the age of 45 years.
Changing trends in epidemiology and outcome in peripartum hysterectomy over a period of ten years in a tertiary care teaching institution
Authors: Kamalakshy Chandramathy , Chundakkadan Mohammed Siddiq , Kalam Suneetha
Published: June 2023

Background: Peripartum hysterectomy is a lifesaving procedure performed for severe obstetric complications such as major obstetric haemorrhage, abnormally invaded placenta, uterine rupture or sepsis. Objectives of the study was to  review the epidemiology of peripartum hysterectomies performed over a period of ten years from January 2012 to December2021 and to determine the trends in peripartum hysterectomies by comparing two different time periods.
Methods: In this retrospective descriptive study, the case records of peripartum hysterectomies performed at Government Medical College, Kozhikode between January 2012 and December 2021 were analysed. Results for 2012-2014 and 2019-2021 were compared to identify the changing trends.
Results: Total number of deliveries for 10 years was 147272, of which 53975 (36.64%) women underwent caesarean section. Total number of peripartum hysterectomies was 312 with incidence of 2.12 per 1000 deliveries. Comparing the data of 2012-14 with 2019-21, incidence was 2.11 and 2.45 per 1000 deliveries respectively. Placenta previa accreta was the commonest indication for peripartum hysterectomies in both periods. Classical caesarean section followed by hysterectomy in 53 cases (61.62%) during 2019-21 whereas only 6 cases (6.06%) during 2012-14.   Number of units of blood and blood products received was less during 2019-21 period, 56(65.11%) received only1-3 units whereas 48 (48.48%) received more than 3units during the period 2012-14.
Conclusions: Placenta previa accreta was the most common indication for hysterectomy during 2019-21. Classical caesarean section followed by hysterectomy in placenta previa accreta can reduce haemorrhage and need for transfusions.
A study on prevalence of vitamin D Deficiency among pregnant women attending a tertiary health centre in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Yadav Omesh , Syed Yasmin
Published: June 2023

Background: Objective of the study was to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among antenatal women and in relation to parity, BMI, diet and working status.
Methods: Prospective study conducted at NIMS Medical College, Jaipur from Dec 2019-July 2021, in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. It was a hospital based observational study 160 pregnant women were included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. Blood was collected at their first visit itself and 25 (OH) D3 level was tested by Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) in hospital lab.  And results were analysed.
Results: Out of 160 antenatal women, only 12 (07.50%) had sufficient vitamin D levels of 30-100 ng/ml. Mean (SD) vitamin D level in this group was 41.1±10.8. 41 (25.625%) participants had vitamin D insufficiency (20-29 ng/ml) with a mean (SD) of 22.6±2.3 and 107 (68.875%) participants had vitamin D deficiency with serum level <20 ng/ml with a mean (SD) value of 13.8±3.9. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency together (vitamin D <30 ng/ml) constituted 92.50% and the mean (SD) was 16.2±5.6. Among vitamin D deficient group, 26 (16.25%) were having vitamin D level <10 ng/ml with a mean of 8.1±1.3.
Conclusions: There is high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency among antenatal women attending the OPD in NIMS Medical College and Hospitals in Rajasthan region. Since vitamin D has crucial role in maternal and foetal health outcomes, it is of utmost importance to correct this deficiency in pregnancy.
A case report on acrania with omphalocele
Authors: D. Rita , B. Tejaswinibandaru
Published: June 2023

Congenital/fetal malformations are structural, functional, and/or biochemical molecular defects present at birth. Prevalence of congenital fetal anomalies in developing countries are 2 to 3% of newborns and about 94% of severe birth defects. Acrania is a lethal congenital malformation characterized by partial or complete absence of flat bones in cranial vault. Another anomaly, omphalocele, a ventral defect of the umbilical ring resulting in herniation of the abdominal viscera, is one of the most common congenital abdominal wall defects seen in the newborn. Omphalocele is associated with trisomy. Incidence of acrania in India 1.4 to 2 per 1000 births. Incidence of omphalocele 1 in 4000 births. a case of 29-year-old, G2P1L1 with 14 weeks 2 days of gestation attended OPD with ultrasonographic report showing acrania with omphalocele. The sonographic scan revealed fully developed fetal brain having no calvarium. The brain was covered by a thin membranous structure. Facial structures showing frog eye appearance, open spina bifida. Normal and well-coordinated movements were noted in in the fetal body parts. The fetal abdomen showed a central mass protruding out from anterior abdominal wall. The mass is covered by a membrane and contains small intestines. There was direct insertion of the umbilical cord into the midline of omphalocele. Patient was counselled regarding fetal condition and its outcome. Patient was willing for termination. Medical termination of pregnancy was done. A single dead female fetus of fetus and placental weighing of 250 gm.
Narrative review on misoprostol for first trimester termination of pregnancy
Authors: Palani Ramya Sadayandi , Gopalan Ushadevi
Published: June 2023

Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue, is first used to prevent peptic ulcers. The first FDA-approved indication in the product labelling is for the prevention and treatment of intestinal ulcer disease caused by the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications. The main advantages of misoprostol include it's reasonably priced, compared to other prostaglandins, it has modest effects on the smooth muscle of the heart and bronchial tree and is readily preserved (shelf life: 7 years) and it may be stored and used without refrigeration. Misoprostol has been authorised as an effective medication for termination of pregnancy at different gestations, cervical ripening, labour inducing in term pregnancy, and possibly therapy of postpartum haemorrhage in the last two decades.
Abdominal tuberculosis in patients with acute abdomen: an observational single centre study
Authors: Sharma Bhanu , Sharma Rajeev
Published: June 2023

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis tends to present with nonspecific features and can be hard to diagnose. Abdominal tuberculosis can mimic a variety of other abdominal conditions and only a high degree of suspicion can help in the diagnosis, otherwise, it is likely to be missed or delayed resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, a high index of suspicion, fortified with a general degree of awareness and knowledge of this form of the disease is essential.
Methods: A careful history taking, and thorough clinical examination was carried out in each case. All the patients were investigated. Some of the patients needed surgical intervention. For patients who responded favorably to conservative management and did not require surgery, diagnostic studies were carried out to confirm the presence of abdominal tuberculosis.  
Results: Abdominal tuberculosis constituted a significant percentage (23.6%) of all cases attending the emergency with an acute abdomen. Ultrasound and CECT can show various findings which can be suggestive of abdominal tuberculosis, but there is no significant difference in PPV of ultrasound and CECT abdomen. Colonoscopy has PPV of 55.6% in diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis. Gene Xpert is significantly better than AFB staining in diagnosing the abdominal tuberculosis with ascitic fluid examination.  
Conclusions: Good clinicopathological workup in patients of abdominal tuberculosis results in earlier diagnosis and prompt management of this curable disease. Ultrasound and CECT can be suggestive of abdominal tuberculosis, but final diagnosis can be made only after histopathological examination/with gene Xpert report.
Urolithiasis in vegetarian population attending a tertiary care centre: a retrospective study
Authors: Rahman Mustafa A. , Barua Sasanka K. , Bagchi Puskal K. , Phukan Mandeep , Sarma Debanga
Published: June 2023

Background: Urolithiasis is the one of the most common urological disease with kidney stone, being the most painful and prevalent urological disorders of the urinary system. Its prevalence has drastically increased during the present century with 3–20% of the overall population of the world having the tendency to form one urinary stone during the life time of 70 years. Diet is an integral part of renal accumulation and thus filtration, which in turn affects the absorption and bodily homeostasis of renal stone occurrence. The epidemiology differs in accordance with different geographical regions and social constructs. Within this context, food habits have been proposed as one of the major risk factors in renal stone formation, as a form of epidemiology for urine composition. With this background, this study is designed to study the incidence of urolithiasis in the vegetarian population of northeast India.
Methods: The study was designed as an observational study by including all the patients diagnosed with having urolithiasis on imaging who was managed according to different treatment modalities. Patients included in the study were enquired about their diet habits and were recorded.
Results: Out of the 151 cases of urolithiasis being studied, prevalence in male were 2.5 times more than female. Age group 31-40 years comprised of most number of patients with calculi (28.5%). Kamrup (metro and rural) had the most number of urolithiasis cases (33.8%). 5 cases of urolithiasis were found to be pure vegetarian (3.3%). 38.4% of the patient had a history of smoking.
Conclusions: Most of the patients had unilateral calculi. Majority of the urolithiasis patient hailed from Kamrup (rural and metro) district, followed by Darrang and Nalbari district. Vegetarian group of patient with urolithiasis had significant history of alcohol intake, smoking and tobacco chewing.
Testicular torsion, time is of the essence: a case for testicular preservation
Authors: Cios Klaudia , Kohn Daniel , Hall Philip , Mishail Alek , Louis Martine
Published: June 2023

Testicular torsion around the spermatic cord causes arterial and venous occlusion, which can lead to swelling, ischemia, and eventually necrosis of the testicle. It is a urologic emergency that requires a time-dependent diagnosis to prevent testicular loss. This is a case report of an atypical presentation of a 15-year-old male with a 5-day history of testicular torsion, that resulted in preservation of testes viability immediately after detorsion and at 4-week follow-up.
A rare outcome of liposuction complicated by the development of peritonitis following perforation of the small intestine: a case report
Authors: Park Jungwoo , Nageye Maymona E. , Arain Mohammed M.
Published: June 2023

There are a growing number of demands for liposuction each year and it is one of the most performed procedures in plastic surgery for aesthetic purposes. Bowel perforation and peritonitis are rare, but life-threatening complications following liposuction. However, there is a lack of awareness of these ill-fated outcomes which are underestimated and under-reported in the literature. We present the case of a 63-year-old male admitted to emergency department (ED) with the symptoms of abdominal pain and distension with anorexia and nausea. The patient stated that he had not been feeling well since the liposuction procedure which he received 6 days prior. During the physical examination, there was mild abdominal distension with tenderness and some guarding in all 4 quadrants. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed pneumoperitoneum. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy where multiple small bowel perforations were repaired and a part of the small bowel was resected. The patient eventually recovered well and was discharged on post-op day 12. Bowel perforation which can lead to peritonitis following liposuction is rare, but the risk increases in patients with a previous history of abdominal surgery such as hernia repair, as in this patient. Increased awareness of possible life-threatening complications and close follow-up in patients with risk factors are essential to prevent undesirable outcomes and promptly treat the patient.
Mesenteric fibromatosis involving intestine mimicking a gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Parmar Sakshi J. , Kamat Manmohan M. , Mishra Avani , Setipalli Saisree
Published: June 2023

Mesenteric fibromatosis (MF) or intra-abdominal desmoid tumour is a rare proliferative disease affecting the mesentery. MF is a locally aggressive tumour that lacks metastatic potential, but the local recurrence is common. We report a case of 33-year-old female with chief complaints of mass in abdomen which was hard on palpation arising from the pelvis and extending up to the umbilicus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggestive of soft tissue mass and exploration was planned. Intra-operatively a mass of 16×16×8 cm with attached ileum and caecum which was excised completely and sent for histopathological examination. Histopathology was suggestive of Mesenteric fibromatosis spindle cell type. Considering the rarity of this tumour and difficulties in diagnostic and therapeutic ambit, we believe it is justified to publish this case which came to our observation.
Double trouble: a rare presentation of mucocele of appendix
Authors: Kevin Samuel , A. Rai Rakesh , Gururaj Kollampare Shankar
Published: June 2023

Appendix is a blind ending tubular structure present at the convergence of the three tenia coli the base of the caecum. Most commonly presented to the out-patient department with features of appendicitis, but mucocele of the appendix secondary to malignant etiology is a rare clinical finding, more than half of the patients are asymptomatic in their clinical presentation. An accurate diagnosis and proper treatment protocols are necessary for its management. If mucocele of appendix is treated incorrectly may lead pseudomyxoma peritonei. A case of a 54-year-old man with right lumbar pain, duration of 1 week, clinical findings and ultrasonography (USG) abdomen reported as ill-defined collection in front of the psoas muscle (psoas abscess). Hence contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen and pelvis was performed and was reported as features suggestive of mucocele of appendix and a right proximal ureteric calculus (8 mm) with hydronephrosis. After obtaining consent, patient underwent open appendectomy with right ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) + double J stenting. Post-operative period was uneventful but histopathology of the specimen revealed a malignant origin. In patients presenting with a right sided abdominal pain, a broad spectrum of differential diagnosis should be considered and evaluated accordingly.
Percepções Discentes sobre o Ensino Remoto Durante a Pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Luz Rogério Torres Da , Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Klein Leander Luiz , Giacomelli Giana Silva
Published: June 2023

A pandemia da COVID-19 impactou o mundo diante do desconhecimento sobre a doença e de como os países poderiam buscar maneiras de proteger a população perante sua rápida propagação. O Brasil, por sua vez, teve que adotar medidas de isolamento social, o que afetou a comunidade acadêmica, inclusive a Universidade Federal de Santa Maria que teve uma rápida transição do ensino presencial para o remoto. Diante dessa nova realidade, este estudo avaliou a percepção discente sobre o ensino remoto durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Realizou-se uma pesquisa survey online em que as respostas foram analisadas através de estatística descritiva, análise fatorial exploratória e análise de regressão múltipla. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o envolvimento dos docentes e seus métodos de trabalho são muito importantes para os discentes em relação à condução dos mecanismos utilizados no ensino remoto. Esse estudo trouxe informações relevantes quanto a avaliação do ensino remoto, implementado em um contexto emergencial nas Instituições de Ensino Superior.
 
Palavras-chave: Ensino remoto emergencial. Percepção discente. Avaliação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Avaliação discente. COVID-19.
Editorial Volume 2
Authors: Dahmouche Mônica , Pinheiro Pinto Simone , Lopes Carlos Gardair Thelma
Published: June 2023

Apresentação do editorial do Volume 2/2023.
Błąd co do nierozerwalności małżeństwa (kan. 1099 KPK) a wykluczenie nierozerwalności małżeństwa (kan. 1101 § 2 KPK) w świetle doktryny i orzecznictwa
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: June 2023

Po promulgowaniu KPK/83 powstał problem wzajemnej relacji kan. 1099 KPK/83, zmodyfikowanego w stosunku do kan. 1084 KPK/17 (błąd prawny m.in. co do nierozerwalności małżeństwa; modyfikacją stała się klauzula „dummodo non determinet voluntatem”) i kan. 1101 § 2 KPK/83 (wykluczenie pozytywnym aktem woli m.in. nierozerwalności małżeństwa). W gruncie rzeczy chodzi o odpowiedź na pytanie, czy error iuris stanowi autonomiczny tytuł nieważności małżeństwa, czy też sprowadza się do aktu symulacyjnego. Debata w tym zakresie objęła zarówno doktrynę, jak i orzecznictwo Roty Rzymskiej.

Należy zauważyć, że wykluczając nierozerwalność małżeństwa (kan. 1101 § 2 KPK/83), nupturient ma pełną świadomość tego, że związek ten jest nierozerwalny, niemniej jednak przymiot ten wklucza pozytywnym aktem woli. Ma więc wówczas miejsce rozbieżność między aktem zewnętrznym (wyrażenie zgody małżeńskiej) i przedmiotem woli (małżeństwo rozwiązalne). Tymczasem, w myśl kan. 1099 KPK/83 nupturient trwa w błędzie co do nierozerwalności małżeństwa (jest przekonany o tym, że małżeństwo jest rozwiązalne, nie znając innej formy małżeństwa).

Należy zdecydowanie opowiedzieć się za autonomicznością error iuris (pogląd ten dominuje tak w doktrynie, jak i w orzecznictwie ratalnym). Jednocześnie trzeba podkreślić, iż zdeterminowanie woli przez błąd bynajmniej nie oznacza braku u kontrahenta pozytywnego aktu woli, na co wskazują  słowa kan. 1099 KPK/83 „dummodo non determinet voluntatem”. Sam błąd (jak w odniesieniu do kan. 1096 KPK/83) nie niweczy zgody małżeńskiej, wymagając interwencji woli (wola jest zdeterminowana przez błąd). Akt woli zawarcia małżeństwa rozwiązalnego, który nie jest jednak aktem symulacyjnym, stanowi rzeczywistą intencję kontrahenta skierowaną ku małżeństwu nieprawdziwemu (rozwiązalnemu).

Gdy chodzi o ową interwencję woli, to wolno przyjąć, że błąd determinujący wolę ku małżeństwu rozwiązalnemu (znanemu kontrahentowi jako jedyne), stanowi de facto – implicite – wykluczenie nierozerwalności. Intencja bowiem zawarcia małżeństwa rozwiązalnego, jako rzeczywistości przeciwnej małżeństwu prawdziwemu (włączenie do przedmiotu zgody małżeńskiej elementu niezgodnego z instytucją małżeństwa), skutkuje domyślnym wykluczeniem tego ostatniego.
Chrześcijaństwo jako ważna determinanta integracji europejskiej
Authors: Gornowicz Mirosław
Published: June 2023

Procesy integracji międzynarodowej zachodziły w Europie od wieków. W starożytnej Grecji powstawały związki państw-miast zwane amfiktioniami, w których należące do nich państwa-miasta zachowywały swoją niezależność, ale musiały stosować się do wspólnie stanowionego prawa. W średniowieczu pojawia się ważny czynnik stymulujący procesy integracji – jest to Kościół katolicki ze swoją doktryną uniwersalizmu chrześcijańskiego. Wspólne, bo chrześcijańskie wartości, podobne wykształcenie pobierane na powstających uniwersytetach, wspólny język – łacina powodowały, że średniowieczna Europa intelektualnie i mentalnie stanowiła wspólnotę. Projekty integracyjne były kontynuowane w czasach nowożytnych.

Rewolucja przemysłowa spowodowała skokowy wzrost wydajności pracy, a możliwość wykorzystania efektów skali zależała od dostępności rynków zagranicznych. Pojawił się więc nowy argument przemawiający za jednoczeniem się państw. W dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym pojawiła się idea paneuropejska.

Po II wojnie światowej przed politykami i intelektualistami stanęło pytanie i wyzwanie: w jaki sposób – tym razem skutecznie – uchronić Europę i świat od wojny? Jako rozwiązanie wybrano ideę federalizmu, której istotą jest dobrowolne wyzbycie się przez państwa części swych praw na rzecz powołanych wspólnych organów. W rezultacie powstały Wspólnoty Europejskie, a następnie Unia Europejska. Powstaje pytanie: co sprawiło, że idea, która w umysłach wielu Europejczyków była obecna od wieków, teraz w XX w. stała się faktem dokonanym? Dwie cechy łączyły głównych architektów zjednoczenia Europy – Schumana, Adenauera i De Gasperiego. Wszyscy oni pochodzili z regionów przygranicznych. Doświadczyli skutków nacjonalizmów, ale też nauczyli się tolerancji. Łączyła ich też wspólnota wyznawanych wartości. Byli gorliwymi katolikami. Dotychczasowe doświadczenia wykazały, że wspólnota oparta tylko na wspólnocie interesów rozumianych biznesowo to za mało, by utworzyć zintegrowane ugrupowanie państw.
Prawo do strajku a zasada pokoju społecznego. Uwagi na tle katolickiej nauki społecznej i prawa pracy
Authors: Sołtys Karol
Published: June 2023

Prawo do strajku jest poddawane krytyce. Głównym argumentem przeciwników tej instytucji jest – widoczna już prima facie – jego sprzeczność z zasadą pokoju społecznego i dobra wspólnego. W szczególności wskazuje się na przestarzałość tej instytucji oraz istnienie innych metod rozwiązywania sporu, które z powodzeniem mogłyby ją zastąpić. Z tego powodu celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie badawcze dotyczące określenia relacji między prawem do strajku a zasadą pokoju społecznego. W tym celu praca z wyłączeniem wstępu, została podzielona na sześć części. Pierwsze dwie zostały poświęcone konceptualizacji pojęcia prawa do strajku i zasady pokoju społecznego. Następnie w dalszej części artykułu zagadnienia te zostały poddane analizie w aspekcie historycznym, aksjologicznym i moralno-etycznym. Po dokonaniu ustaleń, że prawo do strajku nie jest prostym zaprzeczeniem pokoju społecznego, zostało wykazane, na czym polega konstruktywna funkcja strajków w realizacji tej zasady. Następnie zostały przedstawione warunki, po zrealizowaniu których strajk może mieć pozytywny wkład w kształtowanie pokoju społecznego i dobra wspólnego. Na końcu zostały przedstawione wnioski.
Relations of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine with Religious Organizations
Authors: Spivak Volodymyr
Published: June 2023

The article examines the main principles and forms of relations between the State criminal and executive Service of Ukraine and religious organizations. The role of religion in the correction and resocialization of convicts is highlighted. The principles and forms of involvement of religious organizations in working with convicts are considered. The international and Ukrainian regulatory framework, which regulates the activities of religious organizations in penal institutions and providing for the religious needs of prisoners, has been analyzed. It was concluded that Ukrainian legislation and state policy as a whole contribute to ensuring the rights of religious prisoners and meeting their religious needs. Problematic issues in this field and prospects for the development of relations between the penitentiary system and the church are identified.
Pochówki ekologiczne w świetle prawa polskiego i kanonicznego
Authors: Trzaskowska Ewa
Published: June 2023

Pochowanie zmarłego w różnych kulturach i okresach historycznych przybierało rozmaite formy. Obrzędy i związane z nimi tradycje są silnie zakorzenione w większości kultur i nawet postępująca zmiana nastawienia do środowiska i koncepcji życia po życiu nie wyprze tych tradycji zapewne w najbliższej przyszłości. Najczęstszą formą pochówku jest grzebanie ciała zmarłego w ziemi, w trumnie. Ta tradycyjna metoda generuje dwa problemy: rosnące zapotrzebowanie na miejsce do pochówku i szkodliwy wpływ na środowisko naturalne. Przy metropoliach znajduje się szereg cmentarzy, które się rozrastają, by pomieścić nowe groby. Na wielu brakuje już miejsc. Potrzebne są alternatywne metody grzebania zmarłych. Pojawiła się kremacja, a w niektórych państwach: kompostowanie, resomacja, promesja, uważane za ekologiczne, ale nie wszędzie dopuszczalne przez prawo. W Polsce zgodnie z prawem świeckim i kościelnym pochówki mogą mieć miejsce tylko na cmentarzach zarówno w formie pochowania ciała w ziemi, jak i pochowania prochów.
Correction of placental dysfunction in the first trimester of pregnancy as a method of preventing fetal growth retardation
Authors: Kravchenko О.V.
Published: June 2023

Objective: to study the effectiveness of complex therapy of placental dysfunction (PD) as a method of prevention of fetal growth retardation syndrome in pregnant women with miscarriage in the 1st trimester of pregnancy.Materials and methods. 100 pregnant women with verified PD on the background of miscarriage in the first trimester of pregnancy took part in the study.Verification criteria for PD were: a decrease in the volume of the chorion and its vascularization index by more than 15%, an increase of the resistance index in the uterine and spiral arteries during dopplerometric examination at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy.The patients were divided into groups: group I (main) – 36 pregnant women with PD who received complex treatment, group II (comparative) – 32 pregnant women with PD who were prescribed only hormonal support, III group (control) – 32 patients with the physiological course of the first trimester of pregnancy. Complex therapy in the group I included hormonal agents, venotonic drug Normoven, the drug Magnicum, and the drug Artihol.Clinical data, ultrasound fetometry, dopplerometric study of utero-fetal blood flow were used to assess the effectiveness of treatment.Results. Already in the 22–24th week of gestation there was no significant difference in the resistance index in the spiral and uterine arteries between the main and control groups (p > 0.05). Ultrasound fetometry at 32–34 weeks of gestation showed that in the first group there were 8.3% (3) fetuses small for gestational age, 15.6% (5) in the second group and 3.1% (1) in the control. The average body weight of newborns in the main group and in the comparison group differed significantly and was 2810 ± 267 and 2610 ± 175 g respectively (р < 0.05) and 3295 ± 295 g in the control group.Conclusions. Complex, pathogenetically justified, long-term treatment of PD from the early stages of pregnancy makes it possible to avoid progression of compensated and development of subcompensated stages of placental disorders. Complex therapy of PD, which includes micronized progesterone, Normoven, Artichol and Magnicum, Complex PD therapy, which includes micronized progesterone, Normoven, Artihol and Magnicum, normalizes blood flow in the mother-placenta-fetus system, normal growth and fetus development and is an effective way of preventing fetal growth retardation.
Bioethics in a transformation society on the example of the legal regulation
Authors: Blikhar M.M. , Zharovska I.M. , Ortynska N.V. , Komarnytska I.I. , Matkivska R.M.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to bioethical problems that exist in a transformational society. The most important issues are considered, including organ and tissue transplantation, use of embryonic and stem cells for the treatment, gene therapy, in vitro fertilization, cloning, etc. It is emphasized that along with scientific progress there are deep transformations connected with this process in the socio-psychological and cultural spheres, the reason for which is the penetration into mass culture and the mentality of new ideas, conceptions and terms. Emphasis was placed on the need to create a DNA database of servicemen, which is especially relevant during the wartime in Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the need to create special legislation for quality legal regulation of surrogacy, which is especially relevant today. The problems of biomedical transformations and their conflict became the subject of consideration by scientists. Recent studies are devoted to a number of issues related to updating the understanding of the determinants of bioethics in various directions. First of all, attention should be paid to the genesis of the basic standards of bioethics. T. Beauchamp and J. Childress in many editions and reprints have transformed the understanding of the problem over forty years, and it is now agreed that it should be considered within four broad moral principles: respect for autonomy, benevolence, and justice. They can and should be seen as arising historically and philosophically from general morality, as universal morality (as opposed to pure relativism or pluralism) gradually became an integral part of the principled approach. Taking into account all the latest trends in the field of biomedicine, the purpose of this article is to address the problem of the development of biomedical legal standards in Ukraine and the issues of combining them with national identity in the current conditions of the pandemic crisis. The relevance of this topic is important for several reasons: it can serve as a basis for a comparative analysis of the practical application of biomedical legal standards; the example of Ukraine is valuable as an experimental benchmark of the legal policy of the states of the former USSR for the analysis of the development of the post-Soviet socio-legal and cultural sphere; will make it possible to interpret identity in the context of globalized changes.
Archimetra: imaging aspects of combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium
Authors: Hladchuk I.Z. , Rozhkovska N.M. , Marichereda V.H. , Lomakina I.S. , Shpak I.V. , Zhelezov D.M.
Published: June 2023

Objectives: evaluation of changes in the endometrial-myometrial junction (EMJ) in the combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium.Materials and methods. 50 perimenopausal women with combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium (main group) were examined. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy women of the same age who were examined for the male factor of infertility. All patients underwent a comprehensive examination, which included clinical and paraclinical research methods.Patients were examined using transvaginal ultrasound. The DEERS (Diseases of Endometrium – Evaluation and Risk scoring System) index was used for the integral assessment of the endometrium and myometrium state.Results. The average age of women was 43.4 ± 1.2 years. The combination of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and intramural uterine myoma was found in 58.0% of cases, EH and submucous uterine myoma – in 14.0%, EH and endometrial polyps – in 10.0%, EH and external peritoneal endometriosis – in 12.0%, EH and adenomyosis – in 4.0%, EH, adenomyosis and uterine fibroids – in 2.0%.The blood flow rate in the uterine arteries in the main group was 38.8 ± 0.6 cm/s, resistance index – 0.8 ± 0.04, pulsation index – 1.3 ± 0.1. In the control group the blood flow rate in the uterine arteries was 42.2 ± 0.8 cm/s without a clear difference of the sides, the resistance index – 0.9 ± 0.1, the pulsation index – 1.2 ± 0.1 (p > 0.05).The total DEERS score in the main group was 13.2 ± 0.4 points, in the control group it was 7.3 ± 0.7 points. In the vast majority of cases (88.0%) EMJ was not involved in the pathological process. The average thickness of the EMJ in women from the control group was 0.45 ± 0.05 cm, in the main group – 0.42 ± 0.03 cm. At the same time, 36 (72.0%) women with combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium had signs of hypomobility EMJ.Conclusions. EMJ was not involved in the pathological process in the vast majority of patients with combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium. At the same time, some women with combined pathology of the endometrium and myometrium showed signs of hypomobility of the EMJ.