bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interaction between MSCS and blood mononuclear cells during in vitro co-cultivation in the presence of a three-dimensional artificial matrix mimicking regenerating bone tissue
Authors: Yurova Kristina A. , Norkin I. K. , Khaziakhmatova O. G. , Malashchenko V. V. , Melashchenko O. B. , Ivanov P. A. , Ligatyuk D. D. , Khlusov I. A. , Litvinova L. S.
Published: September 2023

Bone tissue repair and regeneration is a complex process involving many cells and controlled by multiple factors. Immune cells and cytokines play a crucial role in regulating the balance of bone formation and resorption. However, the immunomodulatory mechanism of bone regeneration is still unclear. Nevertheless, the reciprocal regulatory influence of immunocompetent cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is well known. MSCs and immunocompetent cells secrete various cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular matrix molecules that play important roles in regulating hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, immune and inflammatory responses. Several studies confirm that different molecules expressed by MSCs may induce lymphocyte proliferation. Therefore, the study of the mutual influence of MSCs and blood mononuclear cells during in vitro co-cultivation, even in the presence of an artificial matrix mimicking regenerating bone tissue, is relevant and expedient. In this experimental series, the studies were performed at the interface between living and non-living substrate phases thus mimicking the “regenerating bone / hematopoietic microenvironment” system. A series of separated in time experiments was performed on a plastic surface (2D culture model) and in the presence of three-dimensional artificial matrices mimicking regenerating bone tissue (3D culture model).
Interactive Analysis and Visualisation of Annotated Collocations in Spanish (AVAnCES)
Authors: Gonzalez Simon
Published: September 2023

Phraseology studies have been enhanced by Corpus Linguistics, which has become an interdisciplinary field where current technologies play an important role in its development. Computational tools have been implemented in the last decades with positive results on the identification of phrases in different languages. One specific technology that has impacted these studies is social media. As researchers, we have turned our attention to collecting data from these platforms, which comes with great advantages and its own challenges. One of the challenges is the way we design and build corpora relevant to the questions emerging in this type of language expression. This has been approached from different angles, but one that has given invaluable outputs is the building of linguistic corpora with the use of online web applications. In this paper, we take a multidimensional approach to the collection, design, and deployment of a phraseology corpus for Latin American Spanish from Twitter data, extracting features using NLP techniques, and presenting it in an interactive online web application. We expect to contribute to the methodologies used for Corpus Linguistics in the current technological age. Finally, we make this tool publicly available to be used by any researcher interested in the data itself and also on the technological tools developed here.
The Effects of Political Martyrdom on Election Results: The Assassination of Abe
Authors: Takagi Miu Nicole
Published: September 2023

In developed nations assassinations are rare and thus the impact of such acts
on the electoral and political landscape is understudied. In this paper, we
focus on Twitter data to examine the effects of Japan's former Primer Minister
Abe's assassination on the Japanese House of Councillors elections in 2022. We
utilize sentiment analysis and emotion detection together with topic modeling
on over 2 million tweets and compare them against tweets during previous
election cycles. Our findings indicate that Twitter sentiments were negatively
impacted by the event in the short term and that social media attention span
has shortened. We also discuss how "necropolitics" affected the outcome of the
elections in favor of the deceased's party meaning that there seems to have
been an effect of Abe's death on the election outcome though the findings
warrant further investigation for conclusive results.
DETERMINAÇÕES REFLEXIVAS ENTRE CAPITALISMO, COLONIALISMO E RACISMO
Authors: Carbajal Arregui Carola , Cruz Silva Helyene Rose , Da Silva Juliana Fernanda , Ribeiro Esteves Thaís
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho tece reflexões teórico-críticas a respeito das determinações do capitalismo, racismo e colonialismo na dimensão da permanência estudantil, a partir da experiência como assistentes sociais no espaço sócio-ocupacional da política de educação. Recorre ao pensamento de Frantz Fanon e às contribuições fundamentais de Deivison Faustino para pensar a escola “branca”, eurocêntrica-colonial, como instrumento de quebra da noção de sujeito genérico e desafio para a permanência dos estudantes negros, o que impõe por exigência uma política de educação essencialmente antirracista, em consonância com os princípios fundamentais do Código de Ética do/da Assistente Social.
SAÚDE MENTAL, A CLÍNICA DE CUIDADOS E PROMOÇÃO DE VIDA
Authors: Buzzatte Rizieri
Published: September 2023

Apesar das conquistas na luta antimanicomial fruto da Reforma Psiquiátrica, o manejo e a intervenção na crise em saúde mental ainda passa por questionamentos, carregando ampla discussão desde os aspectos técnicos do manejo até as questões ético-políticas. Por meio de uma análise histórica e da prática do fazer profissional nessa clínica, este trabalho busca tecer considerações e reflexões de crise em saúde mental, indicando possibilidades analíticas e interventivas para o manejo por intermédio do acolhimento e escuta e a intervenção crítica da/do assistente social sendo agente potencializador de cuidado dentro dos desafios contemporâneos e disparando inquietações sobre esse fazer nessa clínica dentro de uma perspectiva histórica abarcada pelo modo de produção capitalista e atuais impactos a qual vivemos e sobreviemos. Pretende-se olhar aspectos acerca do fazer profissional, levando em consideração os pressupostos teóricos, metodológicos e operativos do Serviço Social, tendo em vista a formação ética e profissional do mesmo, dialogando com as categorias crise e sofrimento, que são categorias encontradas no projeto terapêutico institucional da Policlínica de saúde mental, trazendo à baila a experiência do Assistente Social nesse serviço de atenção psicossocial, inserido na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial (RAPS) chamado “Santa Maria Acolhe”, a qual se destina acolher casos de crises subjetivas relacionadas ao comportamento suicida, situações de natureza traumática, associadas às ocorrências de violência urbana, e tendo início no desastre do Incêndio na boate Kiss 2013 e atualmente os impactos da pandemia pelo vírus COVID-19. Expressões, estas evidentes na questão social, matéria-prima do olhar do assistente social.
POPULAÇÃO EM SITUAÇÃO DE RUA E SERVIÇO SOCIAL
Authors: Fraga Patricia , De Souza Larissa , De Oliveira Nogueira Bastos Cyntia
Published: September 2023

Este artigo objetiva incitar o debate a respeito da atuação profissional do Serviço Social junto ao fenômeno social urbano da população em situação de rua no contexto do capitalismo ocidental com enfoque na luta contra o preconceito e a estigmatização. Para tanto, parte dos princípios do Código de Ética profissional e, a partir destes, busca estabelecer mediações entre os conceitos de preconceito e estigma social e a discussão sobre os entraves ao acesso da população em situação de rua a direitos sociais e de cidadania. A discussão fundamenta-se no papel do Serviço Social junto à população em situação de rua cuja atuação fundamenta-se em um Código de Ética profissional que atua em consonância com a luta do Movimento Nacional para Inclusão Social da População em Situação de Rua na busca incessante pela eliminação de todas as formas de preconceito.
MÍDIA E CRIMINALIZAÇÃO DOS POBRES
Authors: De Souza Junior Luiz Carlos
Published: September 2023

O artigo em tela aborda questões relacionadas ao processo de criminalização dos pobres no cenário urbano. Nossa proposta de estudo busca compreender a utilização atual desse panorama, propagado pelos aparelhos midiáticos, que resulta num aviltamento crescente dos direitos humanos da parcela populacional que se encontra nessas condições. Partimos de um debate sobre a concepção gramsciana de hegemonia para compreendermos a construção do “outro” enquanto sujeito ameaçador bem como a instauração de uma cultura do medo, no cenário urbano, fundamental para a legitimação de ações coercitivas do Estado. Dito isto, pretendemos relacionar a questão apontada com o paradigma sobre os atuais mecanismos de controle social e a necessidade de um posicionamento crítico, inserido nos limites de uma sociabilidade burguesa, tendo em vista que não consideramos o desenvolvimento dos meios de comunicação e da criminalização dos pobres como fenômenos isolados, pois, há uma intrínseca relação com a capacidade de manutenção de um senso comum crucial para reprodução da lógica neoliberal.
POLÍTICA SOCIAL E CAPITALISMO
Authors: Alves de Souza Cleverton , Carvalho Santos Vania
Published: September 2023

Este ensaio teórico busca fornecer algumas reflexões sobre as políticas sociais, com destaque para as tendências e desafios ante a atual crise do capital. A partir de uma leitura crítico-dialética da realidade, compreende-se as políticas sociais como uma das mediações adotadas pelo capital para atenuar os conflitos entre as classes, particularizadas pela ação do Estado desde a fase do capitalismo monopolista. Em tempos de progressivas e contínuas tentativas do capital em reacender as taxas de lucros, pautadas nas propostas neoliberais, observam-se tendências de retração por parte do Estado na totalidade da tessitura social. Nesse contexto, são constatados o agravamento das desigualdades sociais e a exponenciação da exploração da força de trabalho, que passam a conviver contraditoriamente com medidas de proteção social minimalistas e subfinanciadas, em detrimento de investimentos maciços nas políticas macroeconômicas benéficas ao processo de valorização do capital, cujas implicações afetam sobremaneira a classe trabalhadora. Apesar de “estarmos no olho do furacão”, faz-se necessária à apropriação de fundamentos que permitam traçar estratégias de resistência diante das incursões em andamento, no qual as políticas sociais figuram como componente mediador, face as aviltantes condições que tem assolado a classe trabalhadora.
Antibiotic Treatment for Scrub Typhus: A PRIMS-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: E Varshini , S Mohamed Akram Ali , H Rajamohamed , N Helina , S Vinoth Kumar
Published: September 2023

In Asia, scrub typhus is the most prevalent form of acute febrile sickness. The bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi is the cause of this zoonotic disease. According to estimates, 1 billion individuals are at risk of infection, and there are 1 million new cases per year. If the illness is not treated, the mortality rate may reach 30%. The most common sign of scrub typhus is fever, which may also be associated with headache, cough, shortness of breath, and symptoms of the brain such as confusion and disorientation. Data were gathered from PubMed, an electronic database. Scrub Typhus, Antibiotics, and Orientia Tsutsugamushi are utilized as keywords. References in the studies were received to identify additional studies. The study is a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether azithromycin, doxycycline, and rifampin have therapeutic effectiveness equivalents. In conclusion, scrub typhus remains an important health issue in endemic places, as per the review studies, Azithromycin is as effective as other drugs. Rifampicin is also an effective drug but it is an anti-tb drug so rifampicin is considered a second-line drug for treating Scrub typhus. Doxycycline may cause many side effects in pregnant women and children, but azithromycin is approved as a safer drug by the FDA for pregnant women and children. Therefore Azithromycin is an effective treatment for scrub typhus because of its lesser side effects and can be given to pregnant women and children.
CHATGPT GİBİ SOHBET YAZILIMLARININ (SOHBET BOTLARI/ CHATBOTS) NEDEN OLDUĞU HUKUKA AYKIRILIKLARIN ÖNLENMESİ
Authors: BALABAN Mahmut Furkan , KULULAR IBRAHIM Merve Aysegul
Published: September 2023

Sohbet yazılımları, personel ve işletme maliyetlerinin azaltılmasını mümkün kıldığından sağlıktan e-ticarete kadar pek çok farklı sektörde aktif olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Kullanıcı ve sohbet yazılımından oluşan taraflar arasında kurulduğu düşünülen sözleşmenin geçerliliği ise bu tartışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Kullanıcının sohbet yazılımını kullanmaya başlamadan kendisine sunulan şartları ve sözleşmeyi kabul etmeden önce muhatap olduğu karşı tarafın gerçek kişi mi yoksa sanal kişi mi olduğunu bilmemesinden kaynaklı olarak kabul edeceği veya reddeceği sözleşme şartları da değişkenlik gösterecektir. Sohbet yazılımını temsilen kullanıcıyla iletişime geçenin bilinebilir olmaması ve sohbet yazılımının kullanıcının kişisel verilerine göre düzenlenmiş ileti oluşturması durumları, sözleşme özerkliği ve irade özgürlüğü bakımından yapılan sözleşmenin geçerliliğini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Bununla birlikte, sohbet yazılımlarının verdikleri cevapların kaynağını oluşturan ve 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu kapsamında hak sahipliği tartışmalı olan büyük veri yığınları kullanıcıların kişisel verilerini de içermektedir. Her kişisel veri işleme faaliyetinin temelini oluşturan aydınlatma yükümlülüğünün yerine getirilmesi bakımından çeşitli problemler içeren ChatGPT gibi sohbet yazılımlarınca yapılan işleme faaliyetinin hukuka uygun olmadığı da bir başka sorun olarak göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sohbet yazılımlarının kullanımıyla birlikte ortaya çıkan hukuki uyuşmazlıkların var olan mevzuat ile karşılanamadığı, bu konuya ilişkin özel düzenlemelerin yapılması gerekliliği ve halihazırdaki mevzuatın sohbet yazılımları için nasıl yorumlanabileceğine yer verilmiştir.
Autorregulação Emocional e Estados Afetivos de alunos de pós-graduação Stricto Sensu
Authors: Torquato Jamille Gabriela da Silva , Furtado Maria Roberta Miranda , Silva Emmanuelle Pantoja Silva , Ramos Edson Marcos Leal Soares , Ramos Maély Ferreira Holanda
Published: September 2023

Objetivou-se identificar os níveis de adaptação das estratégias de regulação emocional e as probabilidades de associação entre a autorregulação emocional para tristeza, alegria e raiva, e estados afetivos de alunos de pós-graduação. Para isto, participaram 58 alunos de pós-graduação, mestrado e doutorado, de dois programas de uma Universidade Federal, os quais preencheram um questionário de caracterização e as escalas de Satisfação com a vida, de Afeto Positivo e de Avaliação das Estratégias de Regulação Emocional de Adultos. Os dados foram analisados quantitativamente, por meio de estatística descritiva com medida de tendência central, com o auxílio do software SPSS 20. Os resultados apontam que, apesar da diferença entre o número de participantes por programa, os alunos têm utilizado estratégias satisfatórias, visto que não houve pontuação mínima em nenhuma das subescalas – tristeza, raiva e medo. Quando associadas às categorias de estudo, verificou-se que a Satisfação com a Vida apresenta correlação positiva alta com a Alegria e com o Afeto positivo. Além disso, percebe-se que os discentes que apresentaram baixo sentimento de satisfação com a vida, não demonstram animação e engajamento em atividades do cotidiano. A ausência de estratégias adaptativas para emoções negativas tende a afetar diretamente no afeto positivo e no sentimento de bem-estar dos sujeitos. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de novos estudos, com amostra ampliada e que acompanhe o processo formativo dos alunos, a fim de compreender as influências das estratégias utilizadas no desempenho acadêmico.
Establishment of The Law On The Seizure of Assets Resulting From Money Laundering Based On Fair Law Enforcement In Indonesia
Authors: Sitompul Ariman , Hasibuan Edi Saputra
Published: September 2023

Introduction: The realization of Parliament's desire to support asset seizure efforts, currently there is a discourse to regulate the seizure of assets resulting from criminal offenses in a separate law. The proposal to form a law on the expropriation of assets resulting from criminal acts is seen in the agreement to include a draft law on the expropriation of assets resulting from criminal acts in the National Legislation 2009-2014.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to explain the paradigm that the importance of the establishment of asset seizure laws in money laundering.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative legal research with a statute legal approach and a conceptual approach.Results of the Research: The urgency of establishing a special asset seizure law for money laundering is an inadequate mechanism. Adequate mechanisms in asset seizure efforts are expected to use the mechanisms contained in the UNCAC so that asset seizure in Indonesia will run effectively.
A comunicação de risco e o papel das mulheres rurais no enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 na Zona da Mata (MG)
Authors:   , Leal Daniela de Ulysséa
Published: September 2023

O novo coronavírus se disseminou pelo interior do Brasil, inclusive em áreas remotas, nas quais as desigualdades estruturais podem significar barreiras para a obtenção de informações sobre os protocolos de proteção e o acesso à saúde na pandemia. Diante de condições de desigualdade, especialmente quando indivíduos vivem marcados por situações de desvantagens (gênero, raça, território), como é o caso das mulheres rurais, se acentuam as configurações de vulnerabilidade, apresentando dimensões diferentes de exposição aos riscos. O objetivo desta tese é compreender como os marcadores sociais (território, raça, geração e outros) influenciaram na concepção e incorporação dos riscos da Covid-19 enfrentados por essas mulheres. O referencial teórico se estrutura, principalmente, sobre os conceitos de Comunicação de Risco, Interseccionalidade, Vulnerabilidade e Hiatos Digitais. Esta pesquisa exploratória se dá na Zona da Mata de Minas Gerais, e, busca levar em conta a pluralidade direcionando seu olhar para dois grupos distintos do meio rural da Zona da Mata mineira demarcados pelo território: o assentamento do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) Olga Benário, em Visconde do Rio Branco (MG), e o bairro Palmital, localizado na zona rural do município de Viçosa (MG). A pesquisa contou com a participação de 20 mulheres (10 de cada território), por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Entre os principais resultados temos a maior desconexão entre as participantes negras, idosas e entre as que não são articuladas ao MST. Além disso, em meio ao contexto pandêmico, percebeu-se a permanência da televisão como importante veículo de comunicação em saúde para o meio rural, o uso do WhatsApp como estratégia de comunicação e geração de renda, o significativo papel das mulheres rurais enquanto guardiã da família e a grande sobrecarga de trabalho e tensão que recaiu sobre elas. Palavras-chave: Covid-19. Mulheres Rurais. Comunicação de Risco. Interseccionalidade.
Mulheres rurais e literacia digital: questões para além do acesso às TIC
Authors:   , Cardoso Jéssica Suzana Magalhães
Published: September 2023

O uso e apropriação das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) pelas mulheres rurais pode potencializar suas capacidades informativas, de geração de renda, mobilização social e até mesmo de lazer. No entanto, as desigualdades socioeconômicas interferem nas possibilidades de acesso e aproveitamento das TIC, fazendo com seu uso seja limitado ou não aconteça. Diante do exposto, o objetivo desta dissertação é compreender como os marcadores sociais (gênero, raça e território) impactam nas condições de acesso, uso e apropriação das TIC e sua relação na construção da autonomia de mulheres rurais, quilombolas e assentadas, dos municípios de mineiros Viçosa e Visconde do Rio Branco. A pesquisa, qualitativa e exploratória, foi realizada com oito mulheres da comunidade quilombola do Buieié e 12 do assentamento do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) Olga Benário, somando 20 participantes com idades entre 18 e 60 anos. O percurso metodológico constituiu-se na realização de levantamentos bibliográficos, entrevistas semiestruturadas com as mulheres, caderno de campo e uma análise de conteúdo dos perfis nas redes sociais Facebook e Instagram dos respectivos territórios. O referencial teórico do trabalho desenvolve os conceitos de território, interseccionalidade, hiato digital de gênero e literacia digital. Os resultados apontam que o gênero, a raça e o território se articulam com outros marcadores sociais como escolaridade, a renda e a idade e impactam no uso das TIC e no desenvolvimento da literacia digital pelas mulheres rurais. As dificuldades para a promoção da conexão à internet e a pouca literacia digital não impede que as mulheres rurais se articulem e utilizem as redes sociais, ainda que de forma limitada, como uma ferramenta de geração de renda, mobilização social e fortalecimento dos laços comunitários. Palavras-chave: Mulheres rurais. TIC. Interseccionalidade. Literacia Digital.
Potentials of Scent Leaves (O. gratissimum) as Feed Additive on Performance, Selected Blood Biochemicals and Helminthiasis in Weaner Pigs
Authors: Adedayo Adedoyin , Olaide Akindele , Oluremi Onifade , Olaniyi Bankole
Published: September 2023

Purpose: A study was conducted to examine the potentials of scent leaves (SL) (O. gratissimum) meal as a feed additive on performance, blood biochemicals and antihelmintic in weaner pigs.

Methodology: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was adopted using 30 mixed breed of large-white and duroc weaner pigs, allocated to three treatments with ten pigs each, replicated five times with two pigs per replicate. Formulated diet (1) is a Positive Control (PC) – supplemented with Kepro-dewomer, diet 2 a Negative Control (NC) – without Kepro-dewomer and Scent Leaves (SL), while Diet 3 was supplemented with Scent Leaves (SL) at 1.0%. Data collected were analysed using ANOVA with SAS software. Treatment means were separated using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.

Findings: Results indicated that there were significant (p<0.05) differences among treatments in final body weight gain (FBWG). Highest daily weight gain (HDWG) (0.51kg) and highest daily feed intake (HDFI) (0.46kg) were recorded in pigs fed diet 3. Packed cell volume (PCV), Red blood cell (RBC), Haemoglobin (Hb) levels were not significantly (p>0.05) different among the experimental groups 1 and 3: (37.01) (26.7), (12.72) (39.11) (25.5) (12.88) respectively. Meanwhile, diets 1 and 3 were significantly (p<0.05) improved serum biochemicals parameters (Aspartate amino transferase – AST). (Alanine aminotransferase – ALT) and (Alkaline phosphate – ALP) compared with diet 2. Kepro dewomer and scent leaves dietary supplementation had a significant reduction on oocysts shedded per gram of feaces in diet 1 (30.42, 31.03, 32.96) and diet 3 (36.78, 35.89, 31.11) compared with diet 2 (61.3, 63.41, 68.01) respectively

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The idea of alternative medication theory to synthetic drug in livestock feeds was conceived and developed; towards solving the problem of resistance of microbial pathogens to synthetic antibiotic as a result of its continuous usage. Findings, therefore, showed that the strategic supplementation of scent leaves meal as an alternative deworner to synthetic deworner that poses health risks to consumers could be avoided.  Also, the need to adapt a collection and processing strategy  at many locations wherever the scent leaf plant is produced and are poorly utilized or being wasted.
Functionality of Farmers’ Stores and Local Economic Development Initiatives in Oyam District: A Case of Aber Sub-County
Authors: Otim Emmanuel Clement , Mwesigwa David
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between the functionality of farmers’ stores and LED initiatives. Specifically, the study determined the effect of farmers’ stores functionality on resource mobilisation; assessed the contribution of farmers’ stores functionality on resource management; and assessed the effect of farmers’ stores functionality on resource utilisation.

Methodology: The study adopted a cross-sectional study design, which employed a mixed methods approach of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population consisted of 322 respondents, which involved both political leaders and civil servants of Aber Sub County in addition to members of the farmers’ groups. Both the Simple random sampling technique and purposive sampling technique were used to select a sample of 177 participants. The researcher adopted Self-Administered Questionnaires to collect quantitative data and an interview guide to collect qualitative data. Both descriptive statistics (mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) were used to analyse numerical data. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.

Findings: The findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between functionality of farmers’ stores and LED initiatives. The functionality of farmers’ stores yielded a significant effect on resource mobilisation, resource management and resource utilisation. It was concluded that the functionality of farmers’ stores significantly affects LED initiatives in Aber Sub County, Oyam district.

Unique Contributions to Theory, Policy and Practice: It is recommended that the production and agricultural department of Oyam district local government strengthens the capacity of farmer groups by training them on activities such as value addition and financial management so that they can be in position to mobilise more financial resources. This study contributes an original and empirical-evidence of the functionality of farmers’ stores towards LED initiatives in Uganda.
Analysis of coping strategies in military amputees: main types, level of expression and relationship with socio-demographic characteristics
Authors: Karamushka Taras , Trofimov Andrii , Karamushka Liudmyla , Kredentser Oksana , Tereshchenko Kira , Polivko Larуsa , Trofimova Daria , Zvarych Roman
Published: September 2023

Based on the approaches found in the relevant literature and the obtained empirical data, three groups of coping strategies were identified in military personnel who had amputations during the full-scale war of the Russian federation against Ukraine: active-productive, active-semi-productive, and passive-unproductive. The coping strategies specific to each group were listed. It was found that there are certain achievements and limitations in the use of coping strategies by military amputees. A statistically significant relationship was revealed between coping strategies in crisis situations in military amputees and their socio-demographic characteristics (age, marital status, presence of children), which is manifested in the fact that older military personnel as well as those who live in an official marriage or in a civil one and have families and children are more oriented to the use of active, productive and semi-productive coping strategies.
O ônus da prova da acusação nos processos administrativos sancionadores: a prevalência do princípio da presunção de inocência frente à presunção de legitimidade e veracidade dos atos administrativos
Authors: Niebuhr Pedro , De Rolt Amanda Pauli
Published: September 2023

Este artigo investiga a tensão da presunção de legitimidade e veracidade dos atos administrativos frente ao princípio da presunção de inocência, especialmente nos processos administrativos sancionadores. Busca apura se a presunção de legitimidade e veracidade dos atos administrativos possui aptidão para inverter o ônus da prova em processos administrativos sancionadores, transferindo-se aos acusados o ônus de provar sua inocência. A hipótese investigada, e confirmada ao final, indica que a presunção de legitimidade e veracidade do ato de imputação de ilícito administrativo, enquanto atributo normal do ato administrativo, não prepondera sobre a presunção de inocência do acusado, direito fundamental do qual se deduz a desnecessidade de produção da prova de sua inocência. O método empregado é o dedutivo, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica.
Transparencia y buena administración en la sociedad de la información y de las nuevas tecnologías
Authors: Schiavi Pablo
Published: September 2023

El artículo busca identificar un nuevo paradigma administrativo que surja de las transformaciones sociales provocadas por el desarrollo tecnológico y que promueva el acceso de la población a información que antes era accesible a un número restringido de personas. En este sentido, enumera los principales cambios culturales que han ido provocando el altereción en la forma de gobernar. Discute cómo debe caracterizarse una nueva postura de gestión. Enumera los ejes fundamentales de una buena administración. Finaliza describiendo la necesidad de una gestión transparente y concluye señalando cómo el ambiente electrónico: redes sociales, canales virtuales y plataforma de gestión son capaces de promover la transparencia y provocar una mayor participación de la sociedad en el proceso de toma de decisiones en el gobierno.
Desburocratização do estado – um caminho para o aprimoramento da nossa administração?
Authors: Cunha Filho Alexandre Jorge Carneiro da
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo trata criticamente da proposta desburocratização do Estado como um meio adequado de se buscar uma gestão pública mais eficiente. Após uma introdução em que discutimos vícios e virtudes de uma organização que paute seu modo de agir pelo método burocrático, abordamos os principais aspectos de dois atos normativos (um vigente e um projetado) animados por uma política declaradamente antiburocratica. Ao final apresentamos nossas conclusões sobre o tema proposto. Para nossa investigação nos valemos de revisão bibliográfica e análise de legislação.
A infraestrutura dos custos jurídicos e econômicos nos programas de compliance empresarial
Authors: Pagliarini Alexandre Coutinho , Nieweglowski Maria Luísa Altoé
Published: September 2023

Este estudo faz apontamentos sobre a Análise Econômica do Direito (AED) e os programas de integridade (compliance) sob uma ótica empresarial. Os programas de integridade surgiram como resposta aos inúmeros casos de corrupção, lavagem de dinheiro e ganhos ilícitos no Brasil, enquanto já existiam há muito tempo em outros países mais preocupados com os impactos da não observância da ordem econômica nacional. Este paper verificou se a metodologia da Análise Econômica do Direito pode ser aplicada na ótica da implementação do compliance, bem como os custos de prevenção e a questão ligada ao Direito e à Economia. Trabalharam-se os conceitos de compliance e de Análise Econômica do Direito, bem como investigaram-se os custos financeiros e sociais, concluindo-se que a opção de adotar ou não um programa de integridade vai além dos aspectos jurídicos, mas também econômicos de uma empresa. Este artigo científico se utilizou do método dedutivo e da análise de normas, doutrinas e jurisprudências.
La obesidad desde el modelo biomédico, las ciencias sociales y las ciencias de la complejidad
Authors: Tobler Chantal Aristizábal
Published: September 2023

Las organizaciones internacionales de salud y las instituciones médicas han declarado en los últimos años que la obesidad es una enfermedad, un problema de salud pública e incluso una epidemia mundial. Esto con base en los datos estadísticos y su influencia en otras condiciones que causan morbimortalidad importante e impacto económico. Este reconocimiento de la obesidad como una enfermedad ha sido bien recibido por las asociaciones médicas, al considerar que asegura una mayor investigación y promueve el acceso de las personas a los servicios de atención en salud con miras a mejorar el bienestar de los pacientes y a mitigar los efectos globales. Sin embargo, las ciencias sociales lo han criticado porque también ha suscitado estigma y discriminación contra las personas con exceso de peso y no han dado soluciones efectivas al problema. En este artículo se describen algunos aspectos relevantes del modelo biomédico de la obesidad, los aportes desde las ciencias sociales y a partir de allí se propone una visión desde las ciencias de la complejidad que propongan soluciones innovadoras.
Oxidation of NiCr and NiCrMo Alloys at Low Temperatures
Authors: Volders Cameron , Ramalingam Gopalakrishnan , Angelici Avincola Valentina , Waluyo Iradwikanari , Hunt Adrian , Reinke Petra
Published: September 2023

Oxidation of Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr-Mo was studied in operando with near ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the Cabrera-Mott regime. The oxidation temperature was 200°C—a severely diffusion-limited regime. The near-surface alloy is Cr-enriched after the reduction of native oxide in vacuum, and especially so for Ni-15Cr-6Mo. Mo-cations are integrated into the oxide and Mo(VI) dominates at the surface. The surface chemistry-driven promotion of chromia by Mo predicted by theory is negated by the limited surface diffusion of reactants. Preoxidation processing is proposed to control the oxide properties for the use of Ni-Cr superalloys at low temperatures.
Vivipary, a rare phenomenon in Afrotropical Melastomataceae: first report in Amphiblemma ciliatum (Sonerileae)
Authors: Veranso-Libalah Marie Claire , Luo Chen , Bidault Ehoarn
Published: September 2023

Background and aims – Within angiosperms, vivipary has been reported in less than 0.1% of all species. We herein report the first occurrence of vivipary in an Afrotropical Melastomataceae and discuss its phylogenetic position, habit, habitat, and fruit attributes.

Material and methods – Observational data were gathered from a field expedition to Gabon, and from herbarium specimens from BR, BRLU, P, and WAG. A phylogeny was generated to map all the eight species exhibiting vivipary in Melastomataceae.

Key results – Amphiblemma ciliatum is currently the only known melastome species in the Afrotropics exhibiting vivipary. It is likely that its angular capsules depend on rainwater for seed dispersal.

Conclusion – The combination of a herbaceous habit and angular fruits with the occurrence on shaded humid tropical rainforest floor during periods of incessant rainfall and high humidity might be responsible for vivipary in most Melastomataceae.
Propostas experimentais para abordagem interdisciplinar de física e química no ensino médio
Authors: Matos Ms. Arnaldo Gonçalves de , Meira Filho Dr. Damião Pedro , Sodré Esp. Asley da Silva
Published: September 2023

The educational product presented here is part of a research that was developed during a Professional Master’sDegree in Physics Teaching at the Federal University of Western Pará, and consists of an instructional materialintended for teachers who wish to develop experimental activities in high school from an interdisciplinaryperspective. focusing on Physics and Chemistry. The material presents three possibilities for experiments withan indication of the materials, methodological possibilities, explanations about the physical and chemicalphenomena that occurred, as well as an indication of sources where the teacher can fi nd more information forthe approach to that experiment. Thus, it is expected that this instrumental material will be useful for a fi rststep that Physics and Chemistry teachers can take towards the development of interdisciplinary activities inschools. For the teaching action to be successful in experimental practices involving Physics and Chemistry, itis necessary that the teachers be involved in the planning of activities, since such action is important to guidethe development of practices to be worked with the students.
Introduction
Authors: Lhost Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

The book opens with an introduction to everyday Islamic law in South Asia by showing how print media and public engagement intersected with Islamic legal expertise in British India. Using an exchange between Mufti Muhammad Kifayatullah of Delhi and a correspondent who raised questions about the publication of the mufti’s photograph in the Bombay Chronicle to introduce the concept. The introduction then outlines the book’s contributions to legal history, law and society studies, and histories of imperialism and colonialism. It demonstrates how ordinary individuals contributed to the making of everyday Islamic law and outlines how the book’s sources (including colonial records, printed books, fatwa files, qazi notebooks, and other legal documents) and method (focusing on ordinary actors and non-state arenas) contribute to the history of Islamic law in British India. The introduction concludes by articulating the book’s central themes of participation, plurality, and possibility.
Interlude I
Authors: Lhost Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

In 1772, the “Plan for the Administration of Justice,” commonly known as the Hastings Plan, stipulated that “all Suits regarding Inheritance, Marriage, Caste, and all other religious Usages or Institutions” should be decided according to the Qurʾan for Muslims and the “Shaster” for Hindus. Invoking religious communities and religious texts, the plan laid the foundation for religious legal pluralism in British India and serves as a jumping-off point for histories of law and religion in colonial and postcolonial South Asia. Interlude I examines the plan and its underlying assumptions and demonstrates why the plan is both emblematic—and problematic—for the history of Islamic law in British India.
Personal Law in the Public Sphere
Authors: Lhost Elizabeth
Published: September 2023

As legislation worked to limit and redefine the scope of Muslim personal law throughout much of the nineteenth century, an explosion of institutions and outlets for vernacular-language religious publishing catapulted conversations about personal and religious law into the public sphere. These conversations, which exploited new networks of communication that spanned the subcontinent, went beyond the limited range of topics that fell under the rubric of Muslim personal law and turned small-town religious scholars into public figures and publishing entrepreneurs. Introducing these entrepreneurial religious leaders, this chapter addresses the making of everyday Islamic law through the authorship and publication of fatwas (non-binding religious legal opinions written by muftis). It traces the mechanisms of affirmation, repetition, and accretion that transformed non-binding opinions into law-like rules and identifies the modes of transmission and communication that turned these otherwise private religious consultations into public discourses. This chapter uses the posthumous publication of ʿAbd al-Hayy Farangi Mahalli’s Collection of Fatwas (Majmūʻat al-fatāwá) to demonstrate how affordable vernacular publishing not only bolstered the personas of esteemed scholars but also contributed to the making of a new canon of South Asian legal literature. The chapter concludes by acknowledging the reception history of ʻAbd al-Hayy’s famed collection, as readers questioned his earlier opinions in the fatwas they requested from the next generation of muftis.
The Politics of the Federal Education State
Authors: Moak Daniel S.
Published: September 2023

The introduction gives an overview of the purpose of the book, mainly to uncover how K-12 education policy became dominated by punitive policies aimed at schools, teachers, and students. The introduction also outlines the approach of the book, which relies on a broad array of archival data to trace ideological and institutional changes in federal education policy since the 1930s. This chapter introduces the argument that as mid-twentieth century policymakers abandoned the structural approaches to tackling economic inequality, they looked to investment in education as an alternative way to combat unemployment, poverty, and racial inequality. This ultimately set federal education policy on a path of punitive reforms, as schools were unable to solve these problems.
The Achievement of Civil Rights within the Status Quo
Authors: Moak Daniel S.
Published: September 2023

This chapter outlines two distinct political and educational visions that competed for dominance in Black political thought: racial democracy and economic democracy. The economic democrats argued that racial subordination was rooted in the exploitative economic system. They advocated for educational programs that promoted class solidarity, teaching workers about the structure of the capitalist economy, and unionization. Alternatively, racial democrats viewed the primary problem facing Blacks as the arbitrary exclusion from the economic order on the basis of race. Racial democrats pursued an educational program that focused on desegregating schools, combatting racial prejudice, and ensuring equitable opportunity. The two groups disagreed vehemently over the fundamental compatibility of the existing economic institutions with democracy, and over the ability of education to address racial subordination.
The Great Society and the Ideological Origins of the Federal Education State
Authors: Moak Daniel S.
Published: September 2023

This chapter traces the key ideological developments that paved the way for the passage of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. As Democratic policymakers and civil rights groups turned away from strong commitments to full employment and interventionist economic policies, they embraced a federal commitment to education as an alternate solution to the problems of unemployment, poverty, and racial inequality. Relying on new theories such as human capital theory and the culture of poverty theory emerging from the social sciences and non-profit foundations, policymakers began to frame these social problems as the result of individual - rather than structural - factors. The belief that these social problems could be addressed through educational policy provided a powerful tool for policymakers to press for federal involvement in primary and secondary education and shaped the policies that emerged.
The Enduring Legacy of the Liberal Incorporationist Education State
Authors: Moak Daniel S.
Published: September 2023

The concluding chapter traces the convergence of the political parties from the mid-1980s through 2020 around a federal education state with more punitive policies designed to hold schools accountable for social problems. Policies such as high stakes standardized tests, merit-based teacher pay, mass closings of public schools, and the expansion of charter and private options have become bipartisan solutions to a system believed to be in crisis. The result is a firmly entrenched federal education state committed to punitive accountability policies, with particularly pernicious consequences for the most disadvantaged. The chapter ends with a discussion of recent efforts by teachers’ unions and parents to resist and rollback the punitive education state.
George H. W. Bush and the End of the Cold War
Authors: Little Douglas
Published: September 2023

A cold warrior who had been Ronald Reagan’s right-hand man, President George H. W. Bush accepted the “us versus them” paradigm and embraced containment, but he also opposed more aggressive anti-Soviet policies. Although Bush and his advisers were uncertain whether Mikhail Gorbachev’s reforms would endure, after the fall of the Berlin Wall, they hoped to move “beyond containment” and have America, the planet’s sole remaining superpower, establish a New World Order. The end of the Cold War did not alter Bush’s assumptions about the Middle East, where oil and Israel remained top priorities, but he hoped to bring peace to the troubled region. Prospects for a new Middle East took a grim turn in 1990, however, when Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, prompting Bush to launch Operation Desert Storm. While Bush savored his victory in the Persian Gulf and pondered “the end of history,” critics warned that a rising tide of Islamic extremism from Kabul to Algiers might soon replace communism as the gravest danger America faced overseas.
Containment on Steroids?
Authors: Little Douglas
Published: September 2023

George W. Bush dismissed Bill Clinton’s formula of democratic enlargement and dual containment as a recipe for decline and insisted that post-Cold War America must become the most dominant power in the Middle East, the only nation capable of protecting us from them. Bush promised to increase the Pentagon’s budget, reaffirm Washington’s willingness to act unilaterally, and subject regional troublemakers like Iraq to “rogue state rollback.” When Al-Qaeda terrorists surprised Bush by literally flying in under the radar on September 11, 2001, Bush unleashed a “global war on terror” and embraced the doctrine of preventive war to guarantee that “they” would never inflict a second 9/11 on “us.” The initial testing ground for the Bush Doctrine was supposed to be Iraq, but the swift victory over Saddam Hussein in April 2003 soon devolved into a brutal low-intensity war that blackened America’s reputation in the Muslim world and strengthened the hand of Islamic extremists loyal to Osama Bin Laden. Although Bush had made exporting “freedom” a central feature of his foreign policy, by the end of his second term rogue state rollback had backfired in the Middle East.
Military Regulations and Civilian Sellers
Authors: Bever Megan L.
Published: September 2023

Punishing soldiers after their drunkenness escapades occurred did little to curb intoxication, so military officials had to expand their authority to regulate civilian sellers. If the sellers were sutlers with government contracts, regulating their ability to sell to soldiers was straight-forward (although it varied from regiment to regiment). But rural sellers and urban shopkeepers were a bit more complicated. In the Confederacy, generals often closed liquor shops as part of their sweeping declarations of martial law. But in regions controlled by the Federals, shopkeepers were more likely to be targeted by the provost marshal only when they sold to soldiers.
Epilogue
Authors: Bever Megan L.
Published: September 2023

When the Civil War ended, veterans – who had determined that some drinking was necessary to cope with the war’s carnage, even if they eschewed excessive drunkenness – found themselves outside of mainstream opinions about the relationship between drinking, masculinity, and patriotism. It took temperance reformers little time to regroup after the war, building on the momentum of the abolition of slavery and the wartime growth of the federal government. It was the role of government to ensure morality, including sobriety, as reformers saw (both North and South). It took another half century and another war before prohibitionists got their federal legislation. But Civil War era conversations that raised skepticism about whether a person could drink and be a good American laid the foundation for the subsequent decades of temperance advocacy.
Slavery, Civilization, and the Body Politic
Authors: Turner Felicity M.
Published: September 2023

This chapter argues that intertwined debates about race, gender, and infanticide proved central to the development of the nation in the nineteenth-century United States. Focusing upon slavery and the ways in which both abolitionists and pro-slavery advocates deployed ideas of and about the proliferation of infanticide and who committed the crime, the chapter analyzes stories about infanticide and actual cases of infanticide to demonstrate how both served as propaganda material for supporters and opponents of slavery alike. Central to this analysis is a discussion of the famed 1856 case of Margaret Garner, an escaped enslaved woman from Kentucky who slit her infant daughter’s throat rather than see her returned to slavery. The chapter further analyzes the role of infanticide rhetoric in shaping discussions about civilization, Christianity, and so-called savagery both within the borders of the US and beyond.