bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las Empresas de Saavedra Fajardo en la época Pre-Westfalia
Authors: Alavedra i Regàs Jaume
Published: March 2023

El objetivo consiste en analizar la política del Siglo de Oro español, contenida en las Empresas del embajador Diego de Saavedra Fajardo. El método es de hermenéutica política para los círculos de poder en el período anterior al Tratado de paz de Westfalia (1648), que pone fin a la devastadora guerra de los Treinta Años. El pensamiento político trata sus controversias entre los bandos como guerras de papel con panfletos, cuya función es la de mover opiniones en conceptos de soberanía y territorio. Con Westfalia el Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico desaparece y se origina el Derecho internacional europeo. Un siglo después Kant escribe la Paz perpetua (1795).
El Proyecto Mambrino: para una Base de Datos de motivos caballerescos
Authors: Bognolo Anna
Published: March 2023

Los libros de caballerías del Renacimiento incluyen un fuerte componente recursivo inspirado en la imitación de la tradición anterior. En los estudios sobre ficción y en particular sobre la novela de caballerías, ahora se puede hacer referencia a varios índices de motivos cuya pertinencia es ampliamente compartida (Aarne-Thompson, Bordman, Guerreau-Jalabert, Rotunda) y a investigaciones específicas y propuestas innovadoras (J. M. Cacho Blecua, A. González, A. Bueno Serrano, K. X. Luna Mariscal); sin embargo, no es fácil diseñar correctamente una Base de Datos de Motivos caballerescos que combine los requisitos del rigor científico con los de claridad, accesibilidad y posibilidad de compartir datos con otros proyectos de investigación. La comunicación pretende proponer cuestiones metodológicas y reflexionar sobre posibles pautas.
«Cuentos fabulosos en forma de historia»: el Quijote frente a la historiografía
Authors: Román Gutiérrez Isabel
Published: March 2023

Desde Américo Castro, que siguió la sugerencia de Mayans, numerosos estudios han dado cuenta de la vinculación del Quijote con la crisis historiográfica de su época. Este estudio pretende añadir argumentos a la interpretación de la novela cervantina como crítica de los discursos que, sirviéndose de la ficción, se ofrecían como históricos, interpretación que reduce a mero subterfugio irónico la parodia de las novelas de caballerías. El entramado enunciativo de la novela remite a una realidad social y a determinadas prácticas de escritura, que Cervantes distingue bien mediante la oposición entre la «historia verdadera» y la «verdadera historia».
Prolegómenos a la edición crítica de la Subida del Monte Sión (1535), de fray Bernardino de Laredo
Authors: Rubio Árquez Marcial
Published: March 2023

El trabajo intenta presentar algunos de los problemas que conlleva la edición crítica de este texto fundamental para la historia de la mística castellana del siglo xvi. Tras hacer un somero repaso de las ediciones antiguas y de las modernas, se esbozan algunas interrogantes sobre la redacción del libro tercero, sin duda el que más problemas plantea.
La Mensa spiritualium ciborum (1614) de Diego López de Mesa y las Strommas sacro-profanas (1695) de Juan Bautista Elorriaga, un libro de lugares comunes y una miscelánea novohispanos
Authors: Iñigo Silva Andrés
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este artículo es sumar un par de obras novohispanas al corpus hispánico de obras enciclopédicas renacentistas y barrocas, es decir, a las silvas, misceláneas, polianteas, tesoros y jardines, entre otros posibles nombres, que abundaron en la época. La Mensa spiritualium ciborum (1614) de Diego López de Mesa es un libro de lugares comunes y las Strommas sacro-profanas (1695) de Juan Bautista Elorriaga es una miscelánea religiosa.
Unas interpretaciones emblemáticas de la imagen del árbol en las odas de Fray Luis de León
Authors: Bao Weixin
Published: March 2023

La imagen del árbol, junto con otras vinculadas, tales como el fruto, la sombra, el agua, etc., se repite en las obras de fray Luis de León. Sin embargo, entre las diversas perspectivas de explicación, la emblemática todavía ha sido una faceta no suficientemente atendida. Por lo tanto, a fin de conocer mejor sus profundos significados intrínsecos, este trabajo intenta ofrecer interpretaciones acerca de la imagen del árbol en algunas odas luisianas desde un punto de vista de relaciones interartísticas, con la ayuda de ejemplos emblemáticos representativos, que nos servirán de glosas pictóricas de las palabras poéticas.
Intertextualidad en La condesa Matilde de Lope de Vega
Authors: Carrascón Guillermo
Published: March 2023

Para La resistencia honrada y condesa Matilde de Lope de Vega se ha propuesto una relación intertextual con la historia del rey David y su adulterio con Betsabé, mujer de Urías. En realidad, las relaciones intertextuales con la historia bíblica parecen menos relevantes para la concepción de la comedia que las que se pueden rastrear entre esta, otras comedias de Lope y la novella XXXVII del segundo volumen de Novelle de Matteo Bandello, traducida al español como primera de las Historias trágicas ejemplares.
Una inversión de roles en el teatro áureo: finalidad y vigencia del entremés El marión
Authors: Cebreiro Lucio R.
Published: March 2023

El marión es un hilarante entremés, cuyo protagonista «doncello» es cortejado por pretendientes femeninas. Sin embargo, su originalidad no procede de un simple travestismo, sino de la creación de un personaje complejo que conserva rasgos masculinos. Las cómicas situaciones de la primera parte, unidas a lo inédito del protagonista, presentaban una originalidad contraria a la manida tendencia de presentar actrices vestidas de hombre. La segunda parte hoy tendría otro sentido: el «marión» se casa con una pretendiente que lo maltrata, reduce su existencia a tareas domésticas supuestamente «femeninas», le prohíbe salir del hogar y dilapida su dote. Presentada entonces como una parodia de los finales felices, en la actualidad podría releerse como denuncia contra la violencia de género, adelantada a su época.
La utilización del espacio como creación: La Numancia de Cervantes
Authors: Esteban Naranjo Silvia
Published: March 2023

Cervantes escribe La Numancia pensando en una compañía concreta, seguramente conocida suya, y para un corral de comedias. Que estos dos aspectos estaban en el origen de la obra se puede ver por la utilización del espacio —trampilla, primer piso, puertas— y el número y composición de la compañía. Al menos una mujer joven —Lira— y alguna mayor, dos niños —el que sale con la mujer, Servio y el que se arroja de la torre, Bariato—. Los dos manuscritos coinciden en que no faltan personajes ni espacios.
Gustos y disgustos son no más que imaginación: Calderón entre escritura, performance y prensa
Authors: Fiore Arianna
Published: March 2023

La comedia Gustos y disgustos son no más que imaginación abraza casi la entera etapa productiva de Calderón de la Barca, ya que fue redactada en los años treinta y en 1680, un año antes de la muerte de su autor, fue representada en la corte en ocasión de las bodas de Carlos II. El ensayo estudia los significados que vehiculan y el fin que persiguen las diversas fases vitales de esta comedia calderoniana —escritura, puesta en escena y publicación—, en una perspectiva diacrónica.
Écfrasis o hipotiposis de género y poder en La gran Cenobia
Authors: Mattza Carmela V.
Published: March 2023

Con Aureliano y Cenobia, Calderón nos ofrece dos modelos de gobernantes no solo diferentes, sino completamente opuestos: uno es hombre, egotista, ambicioso y déspota; la otra es mujer, preocupada, honorable y valiente. Esta caracterización casi maniquea de los personajes en la obra responde al deseo de Calderón de ofrecernos una tragedia moralizadora. El propósito de este ensayo es discutir en qué medida esta tragedia moralizadora tiene también un interés propagandístico. Se propone que la imagen de Cenobia por Calderón resulta importante y vigente para la cultura de guerra en el siglo diecisiete, una que busca exaltar no solo la moralidad del personaje real, sino también la belleza, la dignidad, el honor y la nobleza del soldado español.
«Concordia discors: Lo uno y lo diverso en la literatura de la España de los Austrias». Avances de un proyecto de investigación
Authors: Muguruza Roca Isabel
Published: March 2023

El grupo de investigación «Concordia discors: Lo uno y lo diverso en la literatura de la España de los Austrias», de la Universidad del País Vasco, se propone estudiar los fenómenos literarios relacionados con la complejidad socio-política, lingüística y cultural de la Monarquía Hispánica, sus factores de cohesión y sus tensiones internas (particularmente en torno a la década de 1640). El estudio y edición crítica de la obra dramática en castellano del portugués Jacinto Cordeiro permitirá ver la proyección literaria de las tensiones derivadas de la Monarquía Dual y la separación de Portugal. Se abordará igualmente el uso propagandístico del teatro en relación con la insurrección y guerra de Cataluña.
«Un bufón medio alcahuete»: el gracioso y la criada como personajes metateatrales en tres dramaturgas del Siglo de Oro
Authors: Tacón García Antía
Published: March 2023

El presente artículo examina cómo los personajes del gracioso y la criada funcionan como vehículos de la metateatralidad y la ruptura de la ilusión dramática en las comedias de tres dramaturgas del siglo xvii: Ana Caro Mallén (El conde Partinuplés y Valor, agravio y mujer), Ângela de Azevedo (La margarita del Tajo que dio nombre a Santarén, Dicha y desdicha del juego y devoción de la Virgen y El muerto disimulado) y sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (Los empeños de una casa y Amor es más laberinto). La metodología empleada parte de la propuesta por Vieweg-Marks (1989) y aplicada por Nohe (2018) al estudio del gracioso barroco.
The effect of calcium dobesilate combined with hypoglycemic drugs in the treatment of cataract NPDR and its effect on fundus microcirculation and blood ICAM-1, MCP-1 and MIF levels
Authors: Wang XiaoMan , Zhang Zhao , Ge Yi , Wu Xia , Ma Yin
Published: March 2023

Background: To explore the effect of calcium dobesilate combined with hypoglycemic drugs in the treatment of cataract complicated with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and its effects on fundus microcirculation, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), mono - cyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). Methods: From March 2019 to January 2021, a total of 114 patients with cataract and NPDR were included, and the patients were assigned into the control and the observation groups by random number table method, with 57 cases/group. The control was given hypoglycemic drugs, and the observation was given calcium dobesilate combined therapy. The therapeutic efficacy, blood glucose and blood lipid levels, fluorescein fundus angiography results, fundus microcirculation indexes, retinal neovascularizationrelated factors, and ICAM-1, MCP-1, and MIF levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of treatment in the observation was higher vs. the control (P < 0.05); Fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the observation after treatment were reduced vs. the control (P < 0.05); The number of micro-hemangiomas in the observation after treatment was less vs. the control, and the area of hemorrhage, the area of exudation and the thickness of the yellow plate were smaller vs. the control (P < 0.05); The resistance index (RI) value of the observation after treatment was lower than the control, and the end-diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV) and the peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV) of the observation were higher vs. the control (P < 0.05). ICAM-1, MCP-1, MIF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) in the observation after treatment were reduced vs. the control, but pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were higher vs. the control (P < 0.05); one case of gastrointestinal reaction took place in the observation, but no adverse reaction occurred in the control, and no clear difference exhibited in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Calcium dobesilate combined with hypoglycemic drugs has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of cataract complicated with NPDR, which can effectively reduce the level of blood glucose and blood lipids, reduce inflammation, and mitigate the microcirculation of branch retinal vein occlusion lesions.
Annealing Temperature Effect on Structural and Luminescence Spectroscopy of Y2SiO5:Ce3+ Nanomaterial Synthesized by Sol–Gel Method
Authors: Hamroun M.S.E. , Guenanou A. , Guerbous L. , Chebout R. , Bachari K.
Published: March 2023

Ce3+ - doped Y2SiO5 nanophosphors were successfully produced by Sol-Gel process. To study the influence of the temperature on the structure and the luminescence of Y2SiO5:Ce3+, we annealed the xerogels at the temperatures 800, 900, 950, 1000, 1050 and 1250 °C. The X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and steady photoluminescence were used to characterize the samples. The crystallite size keeps the same value in the temperature range 950-1050 °C. The room temperature steady photoluminescence emission and excitation of Ce3+ in X1-Y2SiO5:Ce3+ nanomaterial with increasing temperature were measured and investigated. At the crystallization temperature of 1250 °C, we have a new structure X2- Y2SiO5:Ce3+ with grain sizes larger than the X1-Y2SiO5:Ce3+ and also intense violet-blue emission.
Dynamic Elastic Modulus Variability in Anisotropic and Isotropic Materials: Comparison by Acoustic Emission
Authors: Cardim Henrique Pina , Minillo Larissa Queiroz , Nakao Fernando , Ortenzi Altibano
Published: March 2023

This study compared the variation of the dynamic elastic modulus (E) of three types of composite pipes made by the filament winding process and a steel alloy specimen, according to signal source changes. The specimens were produced with three different winding angles, i.e., ±50°, ±52.5°, and ±55°. The moduli were obtained through a known signal source and the angular variation, according to two sensors positioned over the specimen's surface. In a previous article, the variation in the velocity of acoustic emission (AE) signals, performed in the same type of pipes, was discussed based on the standards for glass fiber-reinforced epoxy (GFRE) filament wound specimens. This work took these preliminary findings to compare with the results found for steel alloy pipes (SAE 1020). This data was used with appropriate equations to determine the dynamic elastic moduli of each material. It was found that, even for small angular differences, the modulus changes position concerning the lamination angle. Thus, the lower the quality control, the lower the final product with composite materials. As expected, for isotropic materials such as steel alloys, the modulus remains constant along the angles, while for anisotropic ones, it is dependent on the principal directions of stress and strain, or on the other hand, dependent on the correlation between the angular wave velocity of the AE signals.
UVB Phototherapy for sclerosing skin conditions – series of 10 cases
Authors: Bennouna Nada , Hali Fouzia , Skali Hayat , Chiheb Soumiya
Published: March 2023

Background: Phototherapy is a branch of physical therapy that employs natural or artificial light in the treatment of dermatoses. It includes UVA irradiation, which is absorbed in the deep layers of the skin, and UVB penetrates into the epidermal layer and has a significant ability to cause erythema. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of records of patients with Scleroderma-like disorders treated with narrow-spectrum phototherapy in the phototherapy unit from April 2021 to April 2022. Results: In our group, NB-UVB treatment had a favorable safety profile and was typically well tolerated by patients, side effects were limited to 2 cases of transitory erythema and one case of mild hyperpigmentation. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first study of the overall efficacy of NB UVB in these indications. Additionally, longer-term studies are needed to investigate long-term results, safety, and effectiveness when combined with other treatments.
Ideas of Russian religious philosophy in the scientific practice of the region
Authors: Usachev Alexander
Published: March 2023

Philosophical ideas in scientific practice serve as the basis of a research position, a set of methods that implement the idea within the framework of the specialty. Philosophy is able to provide clarification of the broadest context and is reflected in the content of reasoning and conclusions. Philosophy is most widely used in the formulation of questions, the formulation of topics that make it possible to actualize the heuristic potential of humanitarian specialties, serves to include problems and ideas in the list of research tasks and goals. This is especially true of those topics that, for a number of historical reasons, were ignored and kept silent. Among these, the theme of religiosity occupies a prominent place.   The main conclusion of the study is the statement that research in the field of Russian religious philosophy is the foundation of modern humanitarian work. It can be produced in a separate region of the country as a pillar of humanitarian knowledge. Scientific practice, which is expressed in the dissertation process, in the genre of a scientific report, is based on the texts of Russian philosophers who were written at the turn of the XIX - XX century. It was concluded that Russian philosophical thought forms a communicative field in scientific processes, which allows for a constructive dialogue between various subjects of the scientific process.
Academic and mass genres in the works of M. Magomayev
Authors: Kaloev Alan Tarielovich , Lashcheva Elena Vladimirovna
Published: March 2023

This article examines academic and mass genres in the work of the legendary singer of the Soviet pop music Muslim Magomayev. The subject of study is the musical creativity of M. Magomayev. The purpose of the study is the role of the creative heritage of a gifted singer, as well as understanding the value of his concert and artistic activities in the process of formation of the musical and artistic layer of the second half of the twentieth century, identifying the features of his musical language. The theoretical basis of the research was the works of M. Magomayev [16, 17, 22, 23], V. I. Antonova, A. N. Huseynova, V. V. Dubovsky, I. I. Nazarova, I. F. Sokolova, N. Reliable, R. Ramazanova, S. Belza, etc. The methodological basis of the work was the research of: M. Aranovsky [1], B. Asafiev [2], A. Iskanderova [7], L. Kazantseva [9], T. Lev [12], M. Lobanova [13], I. Mayevskaya [18], M. Mikhailov [19, 20, 21], E. Nazaikinsky [26, 27, 28, 29], S. Skrebkova [38], A. Sokolova [39], A. Sokhor [41, 42, 43], A. Zucker [47, 48], V. Zuckerman [49]; works on the problems of musical dramaturgy by Yu. Keldysh [10, 11], A. Selitsuogo [36], I. Sollertinsky [40], T. Chernova [50, 51]. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the fact that for the first time the role of the performing interpretation of M. Magomayev's musical heritage is revealed, the stylistic features of the performer, the musical language of his songs and individual manner are revealed. The conclusions of this article may be useful in creating an educational and methodological base for the training of qualified specialists in the field of musical art. Also, in the study of the history of Russian pop music, and in the training of teaching staff in the field of music education. This problem can be introduced into the conservatorial disciplines of the historical, theoretical and methodological cycle for the specialties: musicology, musical art, pop and jazz singing.
Ecological Tourism as One of the Priority Directions of Ecological Investment: Assessment of Opportunities and Prospects for the Economic Security of the Region
Authors: Sausheva Oksana Sergeevna
Published: March 2023

The development of various areas of domestic tourism in Russia has become a natural consequence of the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. At the same time, in the context of maintaining and increasing the relevance of environmental restrictions on economic development, the growth of ecological (or sustainable) tourism, associated with the provision of tourism services and the development of the recreational sector, and at the same time helping to reduce the severity of the environmental problem, is of particular importance. Ecotourism, being a promising economic direction, contributes to the achievement of sustainable development. Of considerable scientific interest is the study of the prospects for the development of ecological tourism at the regional level. The subject of research in the article is the possibility of developing ecological tourism in the Republic of Mordovia. The article concluded that the functioning of the tourism industry, contributing to economic growth, has a serious negative impact on the environment. As a consequence, tourism policies need to be integrated with overall economic, environmental and energy policies in order to stimulate the transition to sustainable tourism development and minimize environmental pollution. Politicians are also guided by the Sustainable Development Goals, the achievement of which requires the use of tourism to eliminate poverty, hunger, ensure food security and improve the environment by reducing dependence on non-renewable energy sources. The ecological sphere of the Republic of Mordovia has a serious potential for the development of the tourism sector: the presence of specially protected natural areas, clean air and water bodies can attract a large number of tourists, but significant investment resources are needed in this area.
Advantages and potential risks of introducing the digital ruble in modern Russia.
Authors: Cherenkova Svetlana Alekseevna
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the advantages and potential disadvantages of the launch of the digital ruble in modern Russia. Russia, like other countries, is currently trying to develop dynamically in the digital sphere. The launch of a digital national currency in such a large-scale economy as the Russian one will indicate an advanced level of digitalization of the country and its competitiveness in the international arena. The research characterized the main properties of the Russian national digital currency based on the Russian Central Bank data, and, furthermore, showed the potential positive and negative consequences of the digital ruble introduction. The conducted research proves that the established deadlines for testing the digital ruble are quite accelerated, but still reasonable and correspond to the current geopolitical realities. Despite the fact that the Central Bank is likely to face a significant number of risks when introducing digital currency into the Russian financial system, premature study of potential problems, as well as the timely response of the Central Bank to them, will help to survive the emerging critical situations economically painlessly. In this case, the digital ruble will have a positive impact on the digitalization of the economy in Russia, increasing the stability of the financial system and minimizing dependence on foreign sanctions pressure.
Landmark-based spatial navigation across the human lifespan
Authors: Bécu Marcia , Sheynikhovich Denis , Ramanoël Stephen , Tatur Guillaume , Ozier-Lafontaine Anthony , Authié Colas N , Sahel José-Alain , Arleo Angelo
Published: March 2023

Human spatial cognition has been mainly characterized in terms of egocentric (body-centered) and allocentric (world-centered) wayfinding behavior. It was hypothesized that allocentric spatial coding, as a special high-level cognitive ability, develops later and deteriorates earlier than the egocentric one throughout lifetime. We challenged this hypothesis by testing the use of landmarks versus geometric cues in a cohort of 96 deeply phenotyped participants, who physically navigated an equiangular Y maze, surrounded by landmarks or an anisotropic one. The results show that an apparent allocentric deficit in children and aged navigators is caused specifically by difficulties in using landmarks for navigation while introducing a geometric polarization of space made these participants as efficient allocentric navigators as young adults. This finding suggests that allocentric behavior relies on two dissociable sensory processing systems that are differentially affected by human aging. Whereas landmark processing follows an inverted-U dependence on age, spatial geometry processing is conserved, highlighting its potential in improving navigation performance across the lifespan.
Evidence for embracing normative modeling
Authors: Rutherford Saige , Barkema Pieter , Tso Ivy F , Sripada Chandra , Beckmann Christian F , Ruhe Henricus G , Marquand Andre F
Published: March 2023

In this work, we expand the normative model repository introduced in Rutherford et al., 2022a to include normative models charting lifespan trajectories of structural surface area and brain functional connectivity, measured using two unique resting-state network atlases (Yeo-17 and Smith-10), and an updated online platform for transferring these models to new data sources. We showcase the value of these models with a head-to-head comparison between the features output by normative modeling and raw data features in several benchmarking tasks: mass univariate group difference testing (schizophrenia versus control), classification (schizophrenia versus control), and regression (predicting general cognitive ability). Across all benchmarks, we show the advantage of using normative modeling features, with the strongest statistically significant results demonstrated in the group difference testing and classification tasks. We intend for these accessible resources to facilitate the wider adoption of normative modeling across the neuroimaging community.
Value of lymph node ratio as a prognostic factor of recurrence in medullary thyroid cancer
Authors: Hao Weijing , Zhao Jingzhu , Guo Fengli , Gu Pengfei , Zhang Jinming , Huang Dongmei , Ruan Xianhui , Zeng Yu , Zheng Xiangqian , Gao Ming
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between lymph node status (the number of resected lymph nodes; the number of metastatic lymph nodes, LNM, and lymph node ratio, LNR) and biochemical recurrence, disease-free survival (DFS), as well as overall survival (OS) in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Methods

This study enrolled MTC patients at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between 2011 and 2019. We used Logistic regression analysis, Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier test to identify risk factors influencing biochemical recurrence, DFS, and OS.

Results

We identified 160 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria from 2011 to 2019. We used ROC analysis to define the cut-off value of LNR with 0.24. Multifocality, preoperative calcitonin levels, pathologic N stage, resected lymph nodes, LNM, LNR, and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage were significant (P < 0.05) prognostic factors influencing biochemical cure. In univariable analyses, gross extrathyroidal extension, preoperative calcitonin levels, pathologic T classification, pathologic N stage, resected lymph nodes, LNM, LNR, AJCC clinical stage, and biochemical cure were significant (P < 0.05) factors of DFS. When the multivariable analysis was performed, LNR was identified as predictor of DFS (HR = 4.818, 95% CI [1.270–18.276]). Univariable Cox regression models reflected that tumor size, pathologic N stage, and LNR were predictor of OS. Furthermore, multivariable analysis manifested that LNR was predictor of OS (HR = 10.061, 95% CI [1.222–82.841]).

Conclusions

This study illustrated that LNR was independent prognostic factor of DFS and OS in MTC. In addition, LNR influenced biochemical cure. Further investigations are needed to determine the optimal cut-off value for predicting prognosis.
Effect of Oral Drug Apremilast on Histopathological Changes in Patients of Plaque Psoriasis: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Singh Yogendra , Bagaria Ashish , Bagaria Bhawna , Gupta Yogesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic non infectious recurrent papulosquamous inflammatory disorder characterised by vascular alterations such as angiogenesis, dilatation, increased endothelial venule generation, epidermal keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and aberrant differentiation, and lymphocytic invasion of T-cells. The aetiopathogenesis of disease is influenced by both hereditary and environmental factors. Pathogenesis is significantly influenced by immune dysregulation, which affects both innate and acquired immunity. A relatively recent medication for the management of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis is apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor. Compared to other immune-suppressing drugs used in psoriasis apremilast causes no reactivation of tuberculosis or opportunistic infections, does not need dose adjustment in elderly or patients with hepatic impairment, and is not contraindicated in diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, or congestive cardiac failure. Due to its advantage of the absence of the need for laboratory monitoring, the patients on long-term methotrexate can also be switched to apremilast. Aim: To evaluate the histopathological changes in the skin of all plaque psoriatic patients treated with oral drug apremilast. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based prospective study was done in the Department of Pathology at the Rajasthan University of Health Sciences (RUHS), Jaipur, India for a period of one year from February 2020 to January 2021 comparing the efficacy of Apremilast clinically by evaluating plaque psoriasis patients’ by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. Patients of all age groups with a clinical diagnosis of psoriasis were subjected to a punch biopsy from an active lesion by a dermatologist. For histopathological examination, biopsy was taken from the lesion before starting treatment with apremilast and after four weeks of apremilast therapy. The subsequent changes in the form of histopathological score and PASI score were analysed and compared with the previous score to study the effect of oral drug apremilast. Results: Total of 100 patients enrolled in the study with the mean age 39.14 years including 59% males and 41% females. Main site of lesion was back, hand and leg. The PASI score at the first visit was 11.28 and at the second visit were 7.27 with the improvement 35.54% which was statistically significant from first visit (p-value<0.001). The histopathological score at the first visit was 15.98 and at the second visit were 10.06 with the improvement 37.1%. Conclusion: Apremilast was found to be a safe and effective treatment for psoriasis patients, and this impact was unaffected by confounding variables.
Rehabilitation with Table-Top Restoration Post Bicuspidisation: An Interdisicplinary Case Report
Authors: Sarfaraz Hasan , Singh Manorama Vijay , Puri Aakansha , Prathap MS , Shetty Sanath Kumar
Published: March 2023

The first teeth to erupt in the oral cavity are the mandibular molars which are more prone to endodontic and periodontal involvement. This may lead to significant issues like an increase in pocket depth, furcation involvement, loss of clinical attachment and mobility of teeth ultimately resulting in tooth loss. Thus, it necessitates cautious oral hygiene measures. Advances in dentistry have led to treatment modalities for preserving teeth which were earlier indicated for extraction. Hence, periodontally compromised tooth with severe furcation involvement, which may not be amenable for regeneration, may be retained by bicuspidisation. Bicuspidisation is a surgical technique which involves separation of mesial and distal roots of mandibular molars along with its crown portion, where both segments are then retained individually, followed by rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis of the individual segments. This not only eliminates furcation involvement but also facilitates effective oral hygiene maintenance. In the present case report, a 50-yearold male patient reported with the chief complaint of pain, sensitivity and food lodgement in left mandibular first molar. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed grade III furcation involvement, significant pocket depths, delayed electric pulp test response and bone loss in furcation area. Bicuspidisation was opted as the suitable treatment modality. Root canal treatment was done, followed by bicuspidisation and subsequent rehabilitation with novel prosthetic technique. The bicuspids were restored using combination of deep margin elevation, and non splinted Lithium Disilicate table-top restorations. Six month follow-up showed good healing of hard and soft tissues around the bicuspidized sections, which was indicative of a successful treatment outcome, and can be attributed to a careful case selection, choice of restorative materials and techniques as well as good oral hygiene compliance.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Yield and Yield Contributing Characters in Putative M2 Dolichos Bean (Lablab purpureus L.) Accessions
Authors: Kimno S. K. , Kinyua M. G. , PKania K. C. , Chepkoech E.
Published: March 2023

Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.) is a multipurpose, orphan leguminous crop in Kenya .It is characterized with narrow genetic diversity and low yield output. Use of nuclear techniques such as gamma ray induction in breeding for improved genetic variability is an effective approach in improvement of this important crop. Studies on genetic variability estimates of two Kenyan dolichos bean accessions were undertaken as the pre-requisites for selection of potential high yielding putative accessions for production. This study was conducted between May 2020 and October 2020 at biotechnology department, University of Eldoret research field, Kenya. 0gy, 300gy and 400gy mutant accessions of Eldo maridadi and Eldo black I respectively were raised in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data was collected either on plot basis or from randomly taken 3 plants on days to 50% flowering, leaf length, number of flower buds per race , raceme length (cm) , plant height (cm), number of nodes per raceme , pod length (cm), 100 seed weight (g), dry seed yield (g). The data collected for each quantitative trait was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) for simple lattice design. There was high PCV and GCV coupled with high heritability in, raceme length (cm), plant height (cm), number of nodes per raceme, pod length (cm), 100 seed weight (g), dry seed yield per plant (g) in Eldo black I accession traits than in Eldo maridadi .The different accession following mutation did exhibit difference in trend of genetic variability estimates. An indication of genotypic differences, response to mutation, lesser influence of environment in expression of the traits, prevalence of additive gene action in their inheritance and amenability of the traits to simple selection. Eldo maridadi accessions exhibited high to low heritability with low genotypic advance as percent of mean in evaluated traits thus direct selection on this traits may not beneficial. Other traits or further improvements on yield potentiality and yield traits on the accessions of this genotype are suggested by creating variation and selection.
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Agro-pastoralists in Tanzania
Authors: Sewando Ponsian T.
Published: March 2023

Climate change is seriously impacting the well-being of rural agro-pastoralists whose main livelihoods depend on rainfed agriculture. This study examined the factors that influence farmers' decisions to climate change adaptation measures. The study sampled 411 agro-pastoralist farmers and used factor analysis to extract correlated and uncorrelated adjustment strategies. These strategies include; Crop diversification, livestock diversification, small scale irrigation, rain-water harvesting and off-farm activities were found to be the adaptation strategies extracted by factor analysis as dependent variables. Results obtained by the study show that the five coefficients of the variables identified were negative while three were positive, suggesting that the propensity (tendency) of adapting a practice is conditioned by whether or not a practice in the subset has been adapted. Moreover, it is clear that in central and northern zones of Tanzania, age and access to communication media are strongly determined the decisions to adaptation strategies to climate change among the agro-pastoralists. Therefore, the paper recommends for designing policies that reflect the differences in ecology among agro-pastoralists.
How Do We Perceive Prices? A Three-category Taxonomy of Reference Price Effect on Consumers’ Price Judgments
Authors: Lii Yuan-shuh , Ding May-Ching , Kuo Tzu Kuan
Published: March 2023

Aims: Price is one of the pivotal determinants when consumers make purchasing decisions. An unresolved issue in extant literature regarding factors that affect price referencing remains. The difficulty is in identifying types of price references that consumers will use in any given purchasing situation. This study hence proposed a new scheme of three-category taxonomy of reference price model and can be used as a conceptual framework for examining the effects of various reference prices on consumers’ price judgments.

Methodology: A literature review and theoretical background lead to propositions.

Conclusion: This research not only fills the literature gaps of referencing prices on consumer price judgments but also a three-category reference price model is developed. The present study goes beyond previous work in this field and a comprehensive set of reference price cues that influence consumers’ final reference price formation.  This new model gives future research a direction to test and refine relationships proposed in the present study.
Response of Molybdenum and Foliar Application of Zinc on Growth and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)
Authors: Krishna Chilakala Vamshi , Dawson Joy , Jyothika Venigandla
Published: March 2023

During the summer of 2022, the experiment was carried out at a crop research farm for agricultural research in the department of agronomy. Three different doses of molybdenum (800, 1000, and 1200 g/ha) were applied to the soil as treatments, coupled with zinc (5 kg/ha, 1% foliar spray, 2.5 kg/ha along with 0.5% foliar spray), as well as a control. Ten treatments were used in the experiment, which was designed as an RBD and triple replicated. The highest plant height, maximum number of branches, maximum number of root nodules, plant dry weight, CGR, RGR, and yield parameters, such as more pods per plant, seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield, and stover yield, were observed after the application of 1200g molybdenum with 2.5kg of zinc and 0.5% foliar spray.
Physio-Chemical Properties and Oxidative Stability of Microencapsulated Silkworm Pupae Oil Enriched Mayonnaise
Authors: Patil Akshay R. , Jaganmohan R. , Meenatchi R.
Published: March 2023

This study investigates to enrich the mayonnaise with novel oil replacer which is from silkworm pupae insect. Due to their health benefits, the well-known omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid families are the most significant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) demanded in foods. Insects are traditionally consumed as food in different parts of the world since they are both a good source of protein and rich in essential fatty acids (EPA and DHA). The product Mayonnaise was developed using Encapsulated Silkworm Pupae Oil powder (Mayo-ESOP of 10 g) and Silkworm Pupae Oil (Mayo-SPO OF 10 ML) and was compared with control mayonnaise prepared out of sunflower oil. The mayonnaise samples were analysed for oxidative stability through peroxide values at 0, 7, 14 and day 21 days and after preparation of physical parameters such as droplet size for surface (µm), volume (µm), viscosity (γ=10 s-1), proximate analysis, colour values (*L, *a and *b) fatty acids profile. The study revealed that Mayo-ESOP and Mayo-SPO samples showed better oxidative stability as a result of this not affecting any quality aspects of mayonnaise samples. The proximate composition among the three variations of mayonnaise Mayo-SPO was found to have a maximum fat content of 76.13±0.01g per 100 g, followed by Mayo-ESOP 72.3±0.01g/100 g and Control 66.21±0.01g/100 g respectively. The fat composition indicates that silkworm pupae have a very good fatty acid profile, which includes omega 9 and omega 6. The colour values (L*, a*, b*) and the total colour difference represented as (ΔE values) had no much significant difference show the yellowness colour for mayonnaise sample compared to control due to the presence of carotenoids. Overall, the colour assessment reveals that the oil was of good quality. Oxidative stability indicates the mayonnaise samples stored at a refrigerated temperature for 0, 7, 14, and 21 days had significantly difference on peroxide values due to oxidation of mayonnaise samples.
Impact of Azotobacter and Nitrogen on Growth and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Yadav Gajraj , Anshuman Kumar , Singh Ankit , Yadav Sandeep , Singh Pankaj
Published: March 2023

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different nutrient management practices on growth, yield and yield attributes of wheat.

Study Design: Randomized Block Design (RBD).

Place and Duration of Study:  The experiment was conducted during Rabi season 2016-17 at Instructional Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Narendra Nagar, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.)

Methodology: The experiment consisting of 10 treatments, T1 Control (N-0,P-60,K-40Kg ha-1); T2 (Azotobacter); T3 (60 kg Nitrogen ha-1); T4 (40 kg Nitrogen ha-1 + Azotobacter); T5 (80 kg Nitrogen ha-1); T6 (60 kg Nitrogen + Azotobacter ); T7 (100 kg Nitrogen ha-1); T8 (80 kg Nitrogen ha-1 + Azotobacter); T9 (120 kg Nitrogen ha-1); T10  (100 kg Nitrogen ha-1+ Azotobacter) were laid down in triplicate plots in Randomized block design (RBD).Wheat variety PBW-343 was taken as test crop.

Results: The results revealed that the application of chemical fertilizers @ 100 kg Nitrogen ha-1+ Azotobacter (T10) recorded the highest growth attributes viz.  Plant height, dry matter accumulations, and yield attributes viz. number of grains per spike, weight of spike, test weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index.
Weather Parameter’s Impact on Population Fluctuation of Insect Pests in Sunflower
Authors: Das Rupam , Das Khanjan , Goswami Malini , Borah Birinchi Kumar
Published: March 2023

The population trend of insect pest of sunflower was studied at North bank plain zone of river Brahmaputra, Biswanath district in the state of Assam during 2021-2022. The simple correlation study showed bright sunshine hour had a positive and significant correlation with the whitefly population relative humidity had a positive and significant correlation with the Aphis gossypii and Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida population; A. gossypii had positive and significant relation with maximum temperature and Spilosoma obliqua had negative and significant relation with relative humidity.
Dry Socket: An Infectious Process Treated by Ciprofloxacin: Case Studies
Authors: Khalil Wael
Published: March 2023

Dry socket is considered as the most common complication following tooth extraction. The incidence of dry socket is around 3% for all routine extractions and might surpass 30% for impacted mandibular third molars. It is accompanied by a partially or totally disintegrated blood clot within the alveolar socket, with or without halitosis. Dry socket is mainly manifested by severe irradiating pain that starts 1 to 4 days after dental extraction where the socket becomes denuded, exposed and tender to touch. Based on findings following previous bacterial culture and antibiogram on alveolar swab of rebellion cases of dry socket, we proposed a new pathogenesis theory based on infectious process.  Antibiogram showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. Based on this fact we proposed a new treatment that consists of prescribing ciprofloxacin to cases unresponsive to topical conventional treatment. In this paper, we present a serial of 6 cases of dry socket following simple and surgical extraction procedures which were mostly associated with previous infection. The onset of pain started after 1-4 days of extraction where it was radiating and nonresponsive to pain killers. Clinical examination revealed exposed denuded socket in all subjects. All 6 patients were ASA1 and none has allergy to ciprofloxacin where the later was prescribed at 500 mg 3 times per day for 5 days. All patients were totally relieved in 12 to 24 hours after antibiotic intake. This clinical result, in addition to previous laboratory findings, support more the infectious process in the pathogenesis of dry socket.
The Structure and Working Principle of a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
Authors: Maftunzada S. A. L.
Published: March 2023

We studied bipolar junction transistors. We will see that the bipolar junction transistor, often referred to by its short name, transistor, actually functions as a current-controlled current source. We will also see that in the current generation of bipolar junction transistors, both majority and minority carriers are involved. For this reason, they gave this name to this type of transistor. In order to get enough information about this part, in the first two parts we will examine the construction and working method of the transistor. After that, we dedicate sections to how the transistor is placed in different combinations and the characteristics of the transistor in each combination.
Encontros socialistas e projetos alternativos de globalização durante a Guerra Fria
Authors: Pereira Matheus Serva
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
BURTON, Eric; DIETRICH, Anne; HARISCH, Immanuel R.; e SCHENCK, Marcia C. (orgs.). Navigating Socialist Encounters: Moorings and (Dis)Entanglements between Africa and East Germany during the Cold War. Berlim e Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2021. 399 p.
A Mulher Rei
Authors: Araujo Ana Lucia , Silva Jr. Carlos Francisco da
Published: March 2023

Resenha de:
A Mulher Rei. Direção Gina Prince-Bythewood. TrisStar Pictures, 2022. 2:22 h.
What Is Lead Poisoning?
Authors: Walter Kristin
Published: March 2023

This JAMA Patient Page describes lead poisoning, its health effects, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures.