bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Registration of ‘Georgia‐11J’ Peanut
Authors: Branch W. D.
Published: August 2012

‘Georgia‐11J’ (Reg. No. CV‐115, PI 664930) is a new high‐yielding, high‐oleic, large‐podded and large‐seeded, virginia‐type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar that is resistant to Tomato spotted wilt virus and was released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations in 2011. It was developed at the University of Georgia Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA. Georgia‐11J originated from a cross made between ‘Georgia‐05E’ and ‘Georgia‐03L’. Pedigree selection was practiced within the early‐segregating generations. Performance testing began in the F4:6 generation with the advanced pure‐line selection, GA 052533, the experimental designation of Georgia‐11J. During four‐years (2007–10) averaged over 20 multilocation tests in Georgia, Georgia‐11J had significantly higher percentage of jumbo pod size and higher percentage of extra‐large kernels compared with the check cultivar Georgia‐08V. Georgia‐11J was also shown to have a significantly greater seed weight than Georgia‐08V, which was previously found to have the largest seed size of several other virginia‐type cultivars.
Registration of ‘Byrd’ Wheat
Authors: Haley Scott D. , Johnson Jerry J. , Peairs Frank B. , Stromberger John A. , Hudson Emily E. , Seifert Scott A. , Kottke Rebecca A. , Valdez Victoria A. , Rudolph Jeff B. , Bai Guihua , Chen Xianming , Bowden Robert L. , Jin Yue , Kolmer James A. , Chen Ming-Shun , Seabourn Bradford W.
Published: August 2012

’Byrd’ (Reg. No. CV‐1073, PI 664257) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and released in August 2011 through a marketing agreement with the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. In addition to researchers at Colorado State University (CSU), USDA‐ARS researchers at Manhattan, KS, St. Paul, MN and Pullman, WA participated in its development. Byrd was selected from the cross ‘TAM 112’/CO970547‐7 made in 2002 at Fort Collins, CO. TAM 112 (PI 643143) is a hard red winter wheat cultivar released by Texas A&M University in 2005. CO970547‐7 is an experimental line from CSU with the pedigree ‘Ike’ (PI 574488)/‘Halt’ (PI 584505). Byrd was selected as an F3:4 line in July 2006 and assigned experimental line number CO06424. Byrd was released because of its superior grain yield under nonirrigated and irrigated production conditions in eastern Colorado, its resistance to stripe (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) and stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.), and its superior milling and bread‐baking quality attributes. The name Byrd was chosen in honor of former CSU wheat breeder and director of the CIMMYT Global Wheat Program, Dr. Byrd C. Curtis.
Registration of ‘Denali’ Wheat
Authors: Haley Scott D. , Johnson Jerry J. , Peairs Frank B. , Stromberger John A. , Hudson Emily E. , Seifert Scott A. , Kottke Rebecca A. , Valdez Victoria A. , Rudolph Jeff B. , Martin Terry J. , Bai Guihua , Chen Xianming , Bowden Robert L. , Jin Yue , Kolmer James A. , Chen Ming-Shun , Seabourn Bradford W.
Published: August 2012

‘Denali’ (Reg. No. CV‐1075, PI 664256) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and released cooperatively by Colorado State University (CSU) and Kansas State University (KSU) in August 2011 through a marketing agreement with the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. In addition to researchers at CSU and KSU, USDA‐ARS researchers at Manhattan, KS, St. Paul, MN, and Pullman, WA participated in its development. Denali was selected from the cross CO980829/‘TAM 111’ made in 2001 at Fort Collins, CO. CO980829 is an experimental line from CSU with the pedigree ‘Yuma’ (PI 559720)/PI 372129//CO850034/3/4*Yuma/4/NEWS12. TAM 111 (PI 631352) is a hard red winter wheat cultivar released by Texas A&M University in 2002. Denali was selected as an F5:6 line in July 2007 and assigned experimental line number CO050303‐2. Denali was released because of its superior grain yield under nonirrigated and irrigated production conditions in eastern Colorado, its grain volume weight, and its resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.).
Registration of ‘Saber’ Oat
Authors: Kolb Frederic L. , Smith Norman J. , Brucker Eric A.
Published: August 2012

‘Saber’ spring oat (Avena sativa L.) (Reg. No. CV‐377, PI 660683) was developed by the University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2010. Saber is an early‐maturing oat adapted to production in Illinois and surrounding states. It has performed well over a broad range of environments in tests in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Saber was developed using a modified single‐seed descent method in combination with the bulk population method. Saber was evaluated as IL02‐8658 and was developed from an F6:7 plant row produced in 2004 at Urbana, IL. The pedigree of Saber is ‘Tack’/’Spurs’. Tack and Spurs are both spring oat cultivars developed and released by the University of Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station. Saber was selected and released based on its combination of excellent yield, high test weight, and tolerance to Barley yellow dwarf virus. Saber was evaluated in Illinois from 2004 to 2011 and was evaluated for 3 yr in the Uniform Early Oat Performance Nursery in 2007, 2008, and 2009, in which Saber ranked first for yield in 2007 and 2008 and sixth in 2009.
Registration of ‘Becker’/‘Massey’ Wheat Recombinant Inbred Line Mapping Population
Authors: Liu Shuyu , Griffey Carl A. , Hall Marla D. , Chen Jianli , Liu Sixin , Tucker Domini , Brooks Wynse S.
Published: August 2012

‘Becker’/‘Massey’ (Reg. No. MP‐5, NSL 479730 MAP), is a soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) recombinant inbred line (RIL) population developed by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. This mapping population is composed of 152 F7:14 RILs that were developed using single‐seed descent in earlier generations (F2:3– F7:8) and then advanced and tested in headrows in the field in later generations. The population has been used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with adult plant resistance to powdery mildew [APR‐PM; caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal (syn. Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici)] and Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [telomorph: Gibberella zeae Schw. (Petch)]. It also has been used to study the effects of dwarfing and photoperiod‐sensitivity genes on expression of FHB resistance. Genetic marker data collected on this population includes 96 simple sequence repeat and 740 Diversity Arrays Technology (Yarralumla, ACT, Australia) markers. Chromosome linkage maps of this population were constructed, except for chromosomes 3D and 6D, and used for QTL analyses. Unique and major QTLs were identified for APR‐PM on chromosomes 1BL, 2AL, and 2BL and for FHB resistance on 3BL, 4BS, and 4DS of Massey, which can be incorporated into cultivar development programs via enrichment of favorable alleles.
Registration of Sea Oats Cultivars ‘LA12‐201’, ‘LA12‐202’, and ‘LA12‐203’
Authors: Knott Carrie A. , Materne Michael D. , Subudhi Prasanta K. , Baisakh Niranjan , Utomo Herry , Harrison Stephen A.
Published: August 2012

Sea oats (Uniola paniculataL.) is a perennial grass native to the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coasts that is commonly used to stabilize beaches. Three sea oats cultivars with excellent plant vigor, plant spread, and enhanced stem counts before and after major hurricanes were developed from seeds collected from natural growing areas of the United States: ‘LA12‐201’ (Reg. No. CV‐265, PI 665050), ‘LA12‐202’ (Reg. No. CV‐266, PI 665051), and ‘LA12‐203’ (Reg. No. CV‐267, PI 665052). LA12‐201, LA12‐202, and LA12‐203 are clonal cultivars that were tested in unreplicated and replicated field trials for 3 yr and compared with ‘Caminada’, an ecotype adapted to the north‐central coast of the Gulf of Mexico that is used extensively for beach restoration in Louisiana. LA12‐201 and LA12‐202 were as vigorous, dense, and tall as Caminada before and after a major hurricane, except on one evaluation date when both were denser and taller than Caminada. LA12‐203 was as vigorous, dense, and tall as Caminada on all evaluation dates. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) analysis of LA12‐201, LA12‐202, LA12‐203, and Caminada indicated that the three sea oats cultivars are genetically distinct. Due to their proven performance before and after major hurricanes, LA12‐201, LA12‐202, and LA12‐203 are recommended for beach restoration projects in the northern Gulf of Mexico coast.
Registration of ‘Eldorado’ Pinto Bean
Authors: Kelly James D. , Mkwaila Wezi , Varner Gregory V. , Cichy Karen A. , Wright Evan M.
Published: August 2012

‘Eldorado’ (Reg. No. CV‐302, PI 665012) pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which was developed by Michigan State University AgBioResearch, was released in 2012 as an upright, full‐season, disease‐resistant cultivar. Eldorado, tested as MSU breeding line P07863, was developed using the single‐seed‐descent breeding method to the F4 generation followed by pedigree selection for disease, agronomic, and quality traits. In 5 yr of field trials, Eldorado yielded 3364 kg ha−1, flowered in 42 d, and matured in 98 d. Plants averaged 53 cm in height, with a lodging‐resistance score of 1.9 and a seed size of 43 g 100 seed−1. Eldorado combines exceptional yield potential and erect architecture with full‐season maturity in the pinto seed type. Eldorado has resistance to lodging and high pod placement within the plant structure, making it suitable for direct harvest under narrow‐row production systems. The upright architecture also contributes to avoidance of white mold [caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary], a disease intensified by narrow‐row production systems. In irrigated trials designed to promote the development of white mold disease, Eldorado had 30% incidence over 5 yr compared with other pinto cultivars that had from 42 to 72% white mold incidence. Eldorado possesses resistance to specific races of rust, virus, and anthracnose. Eldorado has a large, mottled, dry‐bean seed that meets industry standards for packaging and canning quality in the pinto bean seed class.
Application of Hydration Thermodynamics to the Evaluation of Protein Structures and Protein-Ligand Binding
Authors: Harano Yuichi
Published: August 2012

Discovering the mechanism that controls the three-dimensional structures of proteins, which are closely related to their biological functions, remains a challenge in modern biological science, even for small proteins. From a thermodynamic viewpoint, the native structure of a protein can be understood as the global minimum of the free energy landscape of the protein-water system. However, it is still difficult to describe the energetics of protein stability in an effective manner. Recently, our group developed a free energy function with an all-atomic description for a protein that focuses on hydration thermodynamics. The validity of the function was examined using structural decoy sets that provide numerous misfolded “non-native” structures. For all targeted sets, the function was able to identify the experimentally determined native structure as the best structure. The energy function can also be used to calculate the binding free energy of a protein with ligands. I review the physicochemical theories employed in the development of the free energy function and recent studies evaluating protein structure stability and protein-ligand binding affinities that use this function.
An Analysis of Geospatial Technologies for Risk and Natural Disaster Management
Authors: Manfré Luiz A. , Hirata Eliane , Silva Janaína B. , Shinohara Eduardo J. , Giannotti Mariana A. , Larocca Ana Paula C. , Quintanilha José A.
Published: August 2012

This paper discusses the use of spatial data for risk and natural disaster management. The importance of remote-sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data is stressed by comparing studies of the use of these technologies for natural disaster management. Spatial data sharing is discussed in the context of the establishment of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) for natural disasters. Some examples of SDI application in disaster management are analyzed, and the need for participation from organizations and governments to facilitate the exchange of information and to improve preventive and emergency plans is reinforced. Additionally, the potential involvement of citizens in the risk and disaster management process by providing voluntary data collected from volunteered geographic information (VGI) applications is explored. A model relating all of the spatial data-sharing aspects discussed in the article was suggested to elucidate the importance of the issues raised.
Review and Précis of Terrence Deacon’s Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter
Authors: Logan Robert K.
Published: August 2012

We review and summarize Terrence Deacon’s book, Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter.
Surface Treatment of Polymeric Materials Controlling the Adhesion of Biomolecules
Authors: Poncin-Epaillard Fabienne , Vrlinic Tjasa , Debarnot Dominique , Mozetic Miran , Coudreuse Arnaud , Legeay Gilbert , El Moualij Benaïssa , Zorzi Willy
Published: August 2012

This review describes different strategies of surface elaboration for a better control of biomolecule adsorption. After a brief description of the fundamental interactions between surfaces and biomolecules, various routes of surface elaboration are presented dealing with the attachment of functional groups mostly thanks to plasma techniques, with the grafting to and from methods, and with the adsorption of surfactants. The grafting of stimuli-responsive polymers is also pointed out. Then, the discussion is focused on the protein adsorption phenomena showing how their interactions with solid surfaces are complex. The adsorption mechanism is proved to be dependent on the solid surface physicochemical properties as well as on the surface and conformation properties of the proteins. Different behaviors are also reported for complex multiple protein solutions.
Quality Visualization of Microarray Datasets Using Circos
Authors: Koch Martin , Wiese Michael
Published: August 2012

Quality control and normalization is considered the most important step in the analysis of microarray data. At present there are various methods available for quality assessments of microarray datasets. However there seems to be no standard visualization routine, which also depicts individual microarray quality. Here we present a convenient method for visualizing the results of standard quality control tests using Circos plots. In these plots various quality measurements are drawn in a circular fashion, thus allowing for visualization of the quality and all outliers of each distinct array within a microarray dataset. The proposed method is intended for use with the Affymetrix Human Genome platform (i.e., GPL 96, GPL570 and GPL571). Circos quality measurement plots are a convenient way for the initial quality estimate of Affymetrix datasets that are stored in publicly available databases.
Antifungal Activity of Salicylanilides and Their Esters with 4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoic Acid
Authors: Krátký Martin , Vinšová Jarmila
Published: August 2012

Searching for novel antimicrobial agents still represents a current topic in medicinal chemistry. In this study, the synthesis and analytical data of eighteen salicylanilide esters with 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid are presented. They were assayed in vitro as potential antimycotic agents against eight fungal strains, along with their parent salicylanilides. The antifungal activity of the presented derivatives was not uniform and moulds showed a higher susceptibility with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ³ 0.49 µmol/L than yeasts (MIC ³ 1.95 µmol/L). However, it was not possible to evaluate a range of 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoates due to their low solubility. In general, the most active salicylanilide was N-(4-bromophenyl)-4-chloro-2-hydroxybenzamide and among esters, the corresponding 2-(4-bromophenylcarbamoyl)-5-chlorophenyl 4-(trifluoromethyl) benzoate exhibited the lowest MIC of 0.49 µmol/L. However, the esterification of salicylanilides by 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid did not result unequivocally in a higher antifungal potency.
Echinoclerodane A: A New Bioactive Clerodane-Type Diterpenoid from a Gorgonian Coral Echinomuricea sp.
Authors: Cheng Ching-Hsiao , Chung Hsu-Ming , Hwang Tsong-Long , Lu Mei-Chin , Wen Zhi-Hong , Kuo Yueh-Hsiung , Wang Wei-Hsien , Sung Ping-Jyun
Published: August 2012

A new clerodane-type diterpenoid, echinoclerodane A (1), was isolated from a Formosan gorgonian coral Echinomuricea sp. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Echinoclerodane A (1) is the first clerodane-type compound obtained from the marine organisms belonging to the phylum Cnidaria. Echinoclerodane A (1) exhibited moderate cytotoxicity toward MOLT-4, HL-60, DLD-1 and LoVo tumor cells and inhibitory effects on the generation of superoxide anion and the release of elastase by human neutrophils.
Spectral Difference in the Image Domain for Large Neighborhoods, a GEOBIA Pre-Processing Step for High Resolution Imagery
Authors: De Kok Roeland
Published: August 2012

Contrast plays an important role in the visual interpretation of imagery. To mimic visual interpretation and using contrast in a Geographic Object Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) environment, it is useful to consider an analysis for single pixel objects. This should be done before applying homogeneity criteria in the aggregation of pixels for the construction of meaningful image objects. The habit or “best practice” to start GEOBIA with pixel aggregation into homogeneous objects should come with the awareness that feature attributes for single pixels are at risk of becoming less accessible for further analysis. Single pixel contrast with image convolution on close neighborhoods is a standard technique, also applied in edge detection. This study elaborates on the analysis of close as well as much larger neighborhoods inside the GEOBIA domain. The applied calculations are limited to the first segmentation step for single pixel objects in order to produce additional feature attributes for objects of interest to be generated in further aggregation processes. The equation presented functions at a level that is considered an intermediary product in the sequential processing of imagery. The procedure requires intensive processor and memory capacity. The resulting feature attributes highlight not only contrasting pixels (edges) but also contrasting areas of local pixel groups. The suggested approach can be extended and becomes useful in classifying artificial areas at national scales using high resolution satellite mosaics.
Detecting Unknown Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks That Contain Mobile Nodes
Authors: Banković Zorana , Fraga David , Moya José M. , Vallejo Juan Carlos
Published: August 2012

As wireless sensor networks are usually deployed in unattended areas, security policies cannot be updated in a timely fashion upon identification of new attacks. This gives enough time for attackers to cause significant damage. Thus, it is of great importance to provide protection from unknown attacks. However, existing solutions are mostly concentrated on known attacks. On the other hand, mobility can make the sensor network more resilient to failures, reactive to events, and able to support disparate missions with a common set of sensors, yet the problem of security becomes more complicated. In order to address the issue of security in networks with mobile nodes, we propose a machine learning solution for anomaly detection along with the feature extraction process that tries to detect temporal and spatial inconsistencies in the sequences of sensed values and the routing paths used to forward these values to the base station. We also propose a special way to treat mobile nodes, which is the main novelty of this work. The data produced in the presence of an attacker are treated as outliers, and detected using clustering techniques. These techniques are further coupled with a reputation system, in this way isolating compromised nodes in timely fashion. The proposal exhibits good performances at detecting and confining previously unseen attacks, including the cases when mobile nodes are compromised.
A Low-Cost, Portable, High-Throughput Wireless Sensor System for Phonocardiography Applications
Authors: Sa-ngasoongsong Akkarapol , Kunthong Jakkrit , Sarangan Venkatesh , Cai Xinwei , Bukkapatnam Satish T. S.
Published: August 2012

This paper presents the design and testing of a wireless sensor system developed using a Microchip PICDEM developer kit to acquire and monitor human heart sounds for phonocardiography applications. This system can serve as a cost-effective option to the recent developments in wireless phonocardiography sensors that have primarily focused on Bluetooth technology. This wireless sensor system has been designed and developed in-house using off-the-shelf components and open source software for remote and mobile applications. The small form factor (3.75 cm ´ 5 cm ´ 1 cm), high throughput (6,000 Hz data streaming rate), and low cost ($13 per unit for a 1,000 unit batch) of this wireless sensor system make it particularly attractive for phonocardiography and other sensing applications. The experimental results of sensor signal analysis using several signal characterization techniques suggest that this wireless sensor system can capture both fundamental heart sounds (S1 and S2), and is also capable of capturing abnormal heart sounds (S3 and S4) and heart murmurs without aliasing. The results of a denoising application using Wavelet Transform show that the undesirable noises of sensor signals in the surrounding environment can be reduced dramatically. The exercising experiment results also show that this proposed wireless PCG system can capture heart sounds over different heart conditions simulated by varying heart rates of six subjects over a range of 60–180 Hz through exercise testing.
A Comb-Drive Actuator Driven by Capacitively-Coupled-Power
Authors: Chang Chao-Min , Wang Shao-Yu , Chen Rongshun , Yeh J. Andrew , Hou Max T.
Published: August 2012

This paper presents a new actuation mechanism to drive comb-drive actuators. An asymmetric configuration of the finger overlap was used to generate capacitive coupling for the actuation mechanism. When the driving voltages were applied on the stators, a voltage would be induced at the rotor due to the capacitive coupling. Then, an electrostatic force would be exerted onto the rotor due to the voltage differences between the stators and the rotor. The actuator’s static displacement and resonant frequency were theoretically analyzed. To verify the design, a comb-drive actuator with different initial finger overlaps, i.e., 159.3 μm and 48.9 μm on each side, was fabricated and tested. The results show that the actuator worked well using the proposed actuation mechanism. A static displacement of 41.7 μm and a resonant frequency of 577 Hz were achieved. Using the actuation mechanism, no electrical connection is required between the rotor and the outside power supply. This makes some comb-drive actuators containing heterogeneous structures easy to design and actuate.
Determination of Soil Pore Water Salinity Using an FDR Sensor Working at Various Frequencies up to 500 MHz
Authors: Wilczek Andrzej , Szypłowska Agnieszka , Skierucha Wojciech , Cieśla Jolanta , Pichler Viliam , Janik Grzegorz
Published: August 2012

This paper presents the application of a frequency-domain reflectometry (FDR) sensor designed for soil salinity assessment of sandy mineral soils in a wide range of soil moisture and bulk electrical conductivity, through the determination of soil complex dielectric permittivity spectra in the frequency range 10–500 MHz. The real part of dielectric permittivity was assessed from the 380–440 MHz, while the bulk electrical conductivity was calculated from the 165–325 MHz range. The FDR technique allows determination of bulk electrical conductivity from the imaginary part of the complex dielectric permittivity, without disregarding the dielectric losses. The soil salinity status was determined using the salinity index, defined as a partial derivative of the soil bulk electrical conductivity with respect to the real part of the soil complex dielectric permittivity. The salinity index method enables determining the soil water electrical conductivity value. For the five sandy mineral soils that have been tested, the relationship between bulk electrical conductivity and the real part of dielectric permittivity is essentially linear. As a result, the salinity index method applied for FDR measurements may be adapted to field use after examination of loam and clayey soils.
Novel Fiber Optic Sensor Probe with a Pair of Highly Reflected Connectors and a Vessel of Water Absorption Material for Water Leak Detection
Authors: Cho Tae-Sik , Choi Ki-Sun , Seo Dae-Cheol , Kwon Il-Bum , Lee Jung-Ryul
Published: August 2012

The use of a fiber optic quasi-distributed sensing technique for detecting the location and severity of water leakage is suggested. A novel fiber optic sensor probe is devised with a vessel of water absorption material called as water combination soil (WCS) located between two highly reflected connectors: one is a reference connector and the other is a sensing connector. In this study, the sensing output is calculated from the reflected light signals of the two connectors. The first reflected light signal is a reference and the second is a sensing signal which is attenuated by the optical fiber bending loss due to the WCS expansion absorbing water. Also, the bending loss of each sensor probe is determined by referring to the total number of sensor probes and the total power budget of an entire system. We have investigated several probe characteristics to show the design feasibility of the novel fiber sensor probe. The effects of vessel sizes of the probes on the water detection sensitivity are studied. The largest vessel probe provides the highest sensitivity of 0.267 dB/mL, while the smallest shows relatively low sensitivity of 0.067 dB/mL, and unstable response. The sensor probe with a high output value provides a high sensitivity with various detection levels while the number of total installable sensor probes decreases.
Aircraft Aerodynamic Parameter Detection Using Micro Hot-Film Flow Sensor Array and BP Neural Network Identification
Authors: Que Ruiyi , Zhu Rong
Published: August 2012

Air speed, angle of sideslip and angle of attack are fundamental aerodynamic parameters for controlling most aircraft. For small aircraft for which conventional detecting devices are too bulky and heavy to be utilized, a novel and practical methodology by which the aerodynamic parameters are inferred using a micro hot-film flow sensor array mounted on the surface of the wing is proposed. A back-propagation neural network is used to model the coupling relationship between readings of the sensor array and aerodynamic parameters. Two different sensor arrangements are tested in wind tunnel experiments and dependence of the system performance on the sensor arrangement is analyzed.
A Beacon Interval Shifting Scheme for Interference Mitigation in Body Area Networks
Authors: Kim Seungku , Kim Seokhwan , Kim Jin-Woo , Eom Doo-Seop
Published: August 2012

This paper investigates the issue of interference avoidance in body area networks (BANs). IEEE 802.15 Task Group 6 presented several schemes to reduce such interference, but these schemes are still not proper solutions for BANs. We present a novel distributed TDMA-based beacon interval shifting scheme that reduces interference in the BANs. A design goal of the scheme is to avoid the wakeup period of each BAN coinciding with other networks by employing carrier sensing before a beacon transmission. We analyze the beacon interval shifting scheme and investigate the proper back-off length when the channel is busy. We compare the performance of the proposed scheme with the schemes presented in IEEE 802.15 Task Group 6 using an OMNeT++ simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has a lower packet loss, energy consumption, and delivery-latency than the schemes of IEEE 802.15 Task Group 6.
Circuits of Memory: The War Memory Boom in Western Australia
Authors: Stephens John R.
Published: August 2012

In some Australian academic circles in the 1980s it was believed that, as the numbers of soldiers of the world wars declined over time, so would attendances at war remembrance ceremonies on Anzac Day and interest in war commemoration in general. Contrary to expectation, however, there has been a steady rise in eagerness for war memory in Australia over the past three decades manifest in media interest and increasing attendance at Anzac Day services. Rather than dying out, ‘Anzac’ is being reinvented for new generations. Emerging from this phenomenon has been a concomitant rise in war memorial and commemorative landscape building across Australia fuelled by government funding (mostly federal) and our relentless search for a national story. Many more memorial landscapes have been built in Western Australia over the past thirty years than at the end of either of the World Wars, a trend set to peak in 2014 with the Centenary of Anzac. This paper examines the origins and progress of this boom in memorial building in Western Australia and argues that these new memorial settings establish ‘circuits of memory’ which ultimately re-enchant and reinforce the Anzac renaissance.
Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau and Dirac Equations—A Supersymmetric Connection
Authors: Okniński Andrzej
Published: August 2012

In the present paper we study subsolutions of the Dirac and Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau equations in the interacting case. It is shown that the Dirac equation in longitudinal external fields can be split into two covariant subequations (Dirac equations with built-in projection operators). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau equations in crossed fields can be split into two 3 x 3 subequations. We show that all the subequations can be obtained via minimal coupling from the same 3 x 3 subequations which are thus a supersymmetric link between fermionic and bosonicdegrees of freedom.
Persistence versus Reversion of 3TC Resistance in HIV-1 Determine the Rate of Emergence of NVP Resistance
Authors: Rath Barbara A. , Olshen Richard A. , Halpern Jerry , Merigan Thomas C.
Published: August 2012

When HIV-1 is exposed to lamivudine (3TC) at inhibitory concentrations, resistant variants carrying the reverse transcriptase (RT) substitution M184V emerge rapidly. This substitution confers high-level 3TC resistance and increased RT fidelity. We established a novel in vitro system to study the effect of starting nevirapine (NVP) in 3TC-resistant/NNRTI-naïve clinical isolates, and the impact of maintaining versus dropping 3TC pressure in this setting. Because M184V mutant HIV-1 seems hypersusceptible to adefovir (ADV), we also tested the effect of ADV pressure on the same isolates. We draw four conclusions from our experiments simulating combination therapy in vitro. (1) The presence of low-dose (1 μM) 3TC prevented reversal to wild-type from an M184V mutant background. (2) Adding low-dose 3TC in the presence of NVP delayed the selection of NVP-associated mutations. (3) The presence of ADV, in addition to NVP, led to more rapid reversal to wild-type at position 184 than NVP alone. (4) ADV plus NVP selected for greater numbers of mutations than NVP alone. Inference about the “selection of mutation” is based on two statistical models, one at the viral level, more telling, and the other at the level of predominance of mutation within a population. Multidrug pressure experiments lend understanding to mechanisms of HIV resistance as they bear upon new treatment strategies.
Updated Values for Molecular Diagnosis for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus
Authors: Sakurai Akira , Shibasaki Futoshi
Published: August 2012

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 strain pose a pandemic threat. H5N1 strain virus is extremely lethal and contagious for poultry. Even though mortality is 59% in infected humans, these viruses do not spread efficiently between humans. In 1997, an outbreak of H5N1 strain with human cases occurred in Hong Kong. This event highlighted the need for rapid identification and subtyping of influenza A viruses (IAV), not only to facilitate surveillance of the pandemic potential of avian IAV, but also to improve the control and treatment of infected patients. Molecular diagnosis has played a key role in the detection and typing of IAV in recent years, spurred by rapid advances in technologies for detection and characterization of viral RNAs and proteins. Such technologies, which include immunochromatography, quantitative real-time PCR, super high-speed real-time PCR, and isothermal DNA amplification, are expected to contribute to faster and easier diagnosis and typing of IAV.
The Role of Equine Herpesvirus Type 4 Glycoprotein K in Virus Replication
Authors: Azab Walid , El-Sheikh Abuelyazeed
Published: August 2012

Equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) is an important equine pathogen that causes respiratory tract disease among horses worldwide. Glycoprotein K (gK) homologues have been identified in several alphaherpesviruses as a major player in virus entry, replication, and spread. In the present study, EHV-4 gK-deletion mutant has been generated by using bacterial artificial chromosome technology and Red mutagenesis to investigate the role of gK in EHV-4 replication. Our findings reported here show that gK is essential for virus replication in vitro and that the gK-negative strain was not able to be reconstituted in equine cells. It is noteworthy that these findings agree with the previously published study describing gK deletion in other alphaherpesviruses.
Effect of Hepatitis C Treatment on Cd4+ T-C El L Counts And The Risk Of Death In HIV–HCV-Coinfected Patients: The Cohere Collaboration
Authors:   The HCV working group of the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE) in EuroCoord, Smit Colette , Sterne Jonathan AC , d'Arminio Monforte Antonella , Puotti Massimo , de Wolf Frank , Peters Lars , Ledergerber Bruno , de Wit Stephane , Sambatakou Hellen , Rauch Andri , Dabis Francois
Published: August 2012

Background

The short- and long-term effects of anti-hepatitis C treatment on mortality in the HIV–HCV-coinfected population have not been evaluated in observational cohorts. Such evaluations must use methods that allow for time-varying prognostic factors that both predict treatment and are affected by prior treatment. We aimed to study immunological changes in HIV–HCV-coinfected individuals during HCV treatment and to estimate the effect of HCV-treatment on mortality.

Methods

Patients were included if they were aged ≥16 years, were HIV–HCV-coinfected and were enrolled in the COHERE cohort. Data were pooled within COHERE in December 2009 in EuroCoord. Random-effects models were used to model immunological changes during HCV treatment. Marginal structural models were used to estimate the effect of HCV treatment on mortality, allowing for time-dependent confounders affected by prior treatment.

Results

In total, 780/6,433 (12%) HIV–HCV-coinfected patients initiated HCV treatment (interferon [IFN] and ribavirin n=692, IFN alone n=88). CD4+ T-cell counts decreased during the first 12 weeks of treatment ( P<0.0001) and stabilized from week 24 onwards. The estimated mortality hazard ratio for comparing HCV-treated with -untreated individuals was 0.72 (95% CI 0.43, 1.21). The estimated hazard ratio for liver-related death was 0.57 (95% CI 0.21, 1.55).

Conclusions

Despite its effect in reducing CD4+ T-cell counts, the effect of HCV treatment on mortality was in the direction of benefit and our results excluded a substantial increase in mortality. Such benefit may be related to a lower risk of liver-related death. New HCV treatment strategies might contribute to a further reduction in mortality.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relation to Bone Mineral Density and Liver Fibrosis in HIV–HCV Coinfection
Authors: El-Maouche Diala , Mehta Shruti H , Sutcliffe Catherine G , Higgins Yvonne , Torbenson Michael S , Moore Richard D , Thomas David L , Sulkowski Mark S , Brown Todd T
Published: August 2012

Background

Fractures and cirrhosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality among HIV–HCV-coinfected individuals. It is not known whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with these outcomes.

Methods

Between 2005 and 2007, 116 HIV–HCV-coinfected individuals underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry within 1 year of a liver biopsy. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and parathyroid hormone were measured from archived samples. Low bone mineral density (BMD) was defined as BMD≥2 standard deviations lower than age-, sex- and race-matched controls (Z-score ≤-2.0) at the total hip, femoral neck or lumbar spine. Histological fibrosis staging was assessed according to the METAVIR system (0 [no fibrosis] to 4 [cirrhosis]).

Results

The cohort was 87% African-American and 63% male. The median age (IQR) was 49.9 years (46.5–53.3). A total of 89% had a CD4+ T-cell count >200 cells/mm3 and 64% were receiving HAART. The median 25OHD was 19 ng/ ml (IQR 11.0-26.0). Hypovitaminosis D (25OHD≤15 ng/ml) was present in 41% and secondary hyperparathyroidism, defined by parathyroid hormone >65 pg/ml, was present in 24%. In total, 27% had low BMD (Z-score ≤-2) at the spine, femoral neck or total hip, and 39% had significant hepatic fibrosis (METAVIR≥2). In multivariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency was not associated with significant fibrosis or with BMD at any site.

Conclusions

Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent in this mostly African-American HIV-HCV-coinfected population, but was not related to BMD or liver disease severity. These data suggest that efforts to increase vitamin D levels in this population may not improve bone or liver outcomes.
Clinical and Virological Response to Entecavir in HBV-Related Chronic Hepatitis or Cirrhosis: Data from the Clinical Practice in a Single-Centre Cohort
Authors: Marengo Andrea , Bitetto Davide , D'Avolio Antonio , Ciancio Alessia , Fabris Carlo , Marietti Milena , Toniutto Pierluigi , Perri Giovanni Di , Rizzetto Mario , Marzano Alfredo
Published: August 2012

Background

Limited data are available on entecavir in Caucasian patients with HBV cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B who are treated in the clinical practice. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of entecavir in an Italian cohort of unselected patients with different stages of liver fibrosis, comparing the virological and clinical results obtained between patients with and without liver cirrhosis.

Methods

Efficacy and safety of entecavir were retrospectively evaluated in 100 patients recruited in the Gastro-Hepatology Unit, San Giovanni Battista Hospital (Turin, Italy). A pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in 34 participants to assess whether cirrhosis may affect entecavir metabolism. Participants were followed-up for a median (range) duration of 21 months (2–108).

Results

Rates of virological response (negative viraemia by PCR for ≥2 consecutive determinations) after 12, 24 and 36 months were 91.7%, 97.5% and 93.7%, respectively. In the 84 patients who were treated for ≥12 months, presence of cirrhosis (OR 1.730, 95% CI 1.082, 2.766; P=0.022) and absence of hepatitis B e antigen (OR 0.479, 95% CI 0.273, 0.842; P=0.011) were independent predictors of earlier clearance of serum HBV DNA. There were no differences between the serum concentrations in the steady-state level of entecavir between patients with or without cirrhosis. No significant differences were detected between the average area under the curve in the means of the two groups ( P=0.55).

Conclusions

Entecavir represents an excellent therapy in patients with HBV-related liver disease and particularly with cirrhosis where it showed a good profile of tolerability, higher efficacy and an earlier virological response.
Grandir avec une rectocolite (commentaire de l'article de Claire Rojas)
Authors: Szwec Gérard
Published: August 2012

Résumé Dans la discussion du cas, présenté par C. Rojas, d’un enfant en période de latence atteint d’une rectocolite hémorragique, l’auteur considère que les jeux de cet enfant sont révélateurs d’un état traumatique. Il discute de la sortie progressive de cet état à travers l’évolution de ces jeux vers une conflictualité œdipienne plus classique.
Le maternel chez l'adolescent
Authors: Nigolian Irène
Published: August 2012

Résumé À partir d’un récit clinique d’une désorganisation somatique sévère en période pubertaire chez un jeune homme, le thème du maternel est présenté sous l’éclairage de l’échec de la négation, mécanisme essentiel dans la construction identitaire à l’adolescence. Le déni, en opposition dialectique avec la négation, est présenté ici comme une étape intermédiaire sur la voie de la mentalisation et l’accès à la dimension paternelle.
Une conduite anorexique après de graves somatisations chez un adolescent (commentaire de l'article d'Irène Nigolian)
Authors: Szwec Gérard
Published: August 2012

Résumé En commentant l’observation présentée par Irène Nigolian d’un adolescent ayant des conduites anorexiques après avoir connu une sévère désorganisation, l’auteur évoque le rôle joué par les projections maternelles, et la persistance chez l’enfant d’un comportement en deçà de la négation.
La traversée par le maternel dans une psychothérapie conjointe mère-enfant
Authors: Blayau Pascale
Published: August 2012

Résumé L’auteur envisage les liens entre la qualité du fonctionnement mental d’un enfant âgé d’un an qui souffre de troubles sévères du sommeil et l’absence de fonction pare-excitations chez sa mère ainsi que les difficultés d’intégration de la censure de l’amante, discontinuité d’investissement maternel et de désinvestissement lorsque la mère redevient amante.
Processus tertiaires, attention et rythmes dans le cadre d'une psychothérapie conjointe mère/bébé. Discussion du cas présenté par Pascale Blayau
Authors: Boubli Myriam
Published: August 2012

Résumé Le fonctionnement de processus tertiaires à l’arrivée d’un bébé procure aux parents une opportunité pour revisiter leurs identifications. Il s’agit là d’une chance de réorganisation psychique pour eux et par répercussion pour la famille. Dans les soins donnés au bébé, les processus tertiaires favorisent l’infiltration des signifiants énigmatiques divers qui peuvent imposer à la pulsionnalité du bébé de se mettre au service de celle de l’objet. Ces processus indispensables à la survie psychique et physique peuvent mobiliser des déliaisons catastrophiques chez le bébé, voire chez les parents.
À propos d'une psychothérapie mère-bébé (commentaire de l'article de Pascale Blayau)
Authors: Szwec Gérard
Published: August 2012

Résumé Une mère fait vivre de brusques désinvestissements à son bébé qui montre des signes d’atonie dépressive. L’auteur propose ses hypothèses en commentant la psychothérapie conjointe de cette mère et ce bébé par Pascale Blayau.
Les psychothérapies conjointes parent(s)/enfant d'inspiration psychanalytique
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: August 2012

Résumé La psychanalyse des enfants a été longtemps contestée dans sa légitimité, et plus récemment les psychothérapies conjointes parents/bébé qui se trouvent pourtant en plein essor depuis quelques années. S’agit-il d’une récente et authentique conquête de la psychanalyse, ou s’agit-il seulement d’une dérive ? Les axes de réflexion que nous proposons ici sont ceux du cadre tout d’abord, de l’analyse des résistances, du transfert et du contre-transfert ensuite, de la topique, et enfin de la place de la verbalisation au regard de celle de l’interprétation.
Les bébés-bulles
Authors: Weil-Halpern Françoise
Published: August 2012

Résumé La décision de pratiquer une greffe de moelle et de confiner un nourrisson en enceinte stérile ou « bulle » a provoqué beaucoup de questions en 1970. Nous n’avions aucune idée de la manière dont ces mères, ces parents allaient supporter la séparation dès les premiers jours de vie et la limitation des activités de toucher, des stimulations corporelles, affectives dans un milieu hospitalier. C’était le début d’une grande aventure, jalonnée d’interrogations spécifiques. Il s’agissait de découvrir, de confirmer ou d’infirmer les données concernant le développement du bébé, les interactions entre la mère et son enfant dans un système potentiellement carentiel en regard de toutes les connaissances théoriques et cliniques du moment.
Quel lien entre le bébé prématuré et ses parents en médecine néonatale ?
Authors: Druon Catherine
Published: August 2012

Résumé La question qui se pose, à la lumière des entretiens psychanalytiques avec les parents durant le séjour de leur bébé hospitalisé pour prématurité en réanimation néonatale, est celle des séquelles dans la relation liées à la souffrance physique de l’enfant et à la souffrance psychique des parents. Comment tout cela s’inscrira-t-il ou non dans la mémoire inconsciente corporelle de l’enfant et dans le mode relationnel parents-enfant ultérieur ?
À propos de la fonction maternelle et les malades graves hospitalisés
Authors: de Calatroni Marta Tenorio
Published: August 2012

Résumé Dans ce travail, l’auteur nous présente, au travers de deux cas cliniques synoptiques et en s’appuyant sur les apports d’autres psychanalystes, son expérience et ses réflexions en tant que psychosomaticien auprès de malades hospitalisés dans des situations d’urgence à propos de la fonction maternelle face aux états graves de désorganisation psychosomatique.
Never let me go
Authors: Jean-Strochlic Christine
Published: August 2012

Résumé Le fantasme d’une santé à l’origine d’une vie éternelle conduit à la création d’un programme constitutif d’un monde parallèle réalisé à partir de clones destinés à donner leurs organes vitaux. Dès lors se pose la question de l’humanisation ou pas des clones.
NK Cells Regulate CD8+ T Cell Priming and Dendritic Cell Migration during Influenza A Infection by IFN-γ and Perforin-Dependent Mechanisms
Authors: Ge Moyar Qing , Ho Adrian W. S. , Tang Yafang , Wong Kenneth H. S. , Chua Benson Y. L. , Gasser Stephan , Kemeny David Michael
Published: August 2012

An effective immune response against influenza A infection depends on the generation of virus-specific T cells. NK cells are one of the first-line defenses against influenza A infection. We set out to delineate the role of NK cells in T cell immunity using a murine model of influenza A infection with A/PR/8/34. We show that early T cell recruitment mainly occurs in the posterior mediastinal lymph node (pMLN). Depletion of NK cells significantly impaired both dendritic cell (DC) and T cell recruitment into the pMLN. A similar reduction of T cell recruitment was observed when migration was blocked by pertussis toxin, suggesting that migration of pulmonary NK cells and DCs regulates cell recruitment to the pMLN. T cell recruitment was dependent on IFN-γ, and transfer of IFN-γ–competent naive NK cells into IFN-γ−/− mice restored T cell recruitment, whereas IFN-γ–deficient NK cells failed to do so. In addition, NK cell depletion reduced the uptake and transport of influenza A virus by DCs, and significantly impaired the virus-specific T cell response. Both IFN-γ−/− and perforin−/− mice showed reduced viral Ag transport by DCs, suggesting that the ability of NK cells to influence virus transport depends on IFN-γ and perforin. In summary, our data suggest that NK cells play a critical role in the initiation and shaping of the T cell response after influenza A infection.