bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le football professionnel en Europe est-il en crise ? Une réponse régulationniste
Authors: Bastien Jérémie
Published: December 2017

L’identification d’une crise financière au sein du football professionnel en Europe a renforcé l’idée selon laquelle il est indispensable de le « réguler » sur le modèle nord-américain. Concrètement, un contrôle accru de l’activité des clubs est préconisé par le biais de l’instauration de nouveaux dispositifs réglementaires. Cependant, en mobilisant la théorie de la régulation, le concept de régulation dépasse les seules problématiques de réglementation. C’est précisément l’objectif de cet article : il aboutit à l’identification d’un processus de régulation qui souligne les modalités de reproduction dans le temps et dans sa forme actuelle du football professionnel européen en tant que système productif. La gestion en déficit des clubs ainsi que leur recours à l’endettement sont identifiés comme des régularités permises par des ajustements institutionnels nationaux et supranationaux. Par conséquent, une nouvelle lecture de la crise financière du football professionnel en Europe est proposée compte tenu de la spécificité de sa dynamique méso-économique.
Régulation et institutions en économie du sport
Authors: Andreff Wladimir
Published: December 2017

On compare les choix institutionnels des sports professionnels en Amérique du Nord (ligue fermée) et en Europe (ligue ouverte). Une importante régulation (‘quasi-socialiste’) des ligues américaines contraste avec la dérégulation croissante des sports professionnels européens. L’explosion des droits de télévision y entraîne une concentration financière sur quelques clubs riches, ce qui nuit à l’équilibre sportif des championnats nationaux et appelle davantage de régulation.
De Charybde de la comptabilité de caisse en Scylla de la comptabilité patrimoniale
Authors: Biondi Yuri
Published: December 2017

Suite à l’application de la LOLF 2001, l’État français s’est doté de nouvelles normes comptables complétées par un cadre conceptuel. Cette réforme s’inspire de la comptabilité d’entreprise, tout en voulant prendre en compte les « spécificités » de l’action publique. Elle pose ainsi des questions importantes sur la représentation et l’interprétation comptable de toutes les entités non-commerciales.En fait, plusieurs modèles comptables existent pour les entreprises : patrimonial (statique), financier, et économique (dynamique). À partir de cette distinction, l’article dégage une interprétation dynamique du principe comptable du rattachement entre charges et produits, et l’adapte à la représentation comptable d’une entité non-commerciale dans le respect de ses spécificités.Cette perspective comptable dynamique permet d’apprécier les nouvelles normes comptables françaises. Ces normes résultent fondées sur un modèle comptable qui hybride la conception statique et la conception dynamique, dont témoignent à la fois le cadre conceptuel, les notions de « produit » et d’« actif », et certaines normes (nous analysons celles n° 1 à 7, 10-11 et 13). Cette hybridation risque de miner la cohérence d’ensemble et certaines finalités de l’action publique. Ainsi, cette analyse du nouveau système comptable de l’Etat français revient sur la nature et les fonctions de l’entité État au sein du système économique général et de son processus économique et monétaire.
The Financial Crisis and the Global Shadow Banking System
Authors: Farhi Maryse , Cintra Marcos Antonio Macedo
Published: December 2017

The financial crisis triggered by increasing default rate, real estate devaluation and financial asset depreciation associated with the US subprime mortgages brought back the debate about the framework of the US and international financial systems, their potential systemic risks, and their regulatory and supervisory mechanisms. Credit derivatives and structured products backed by real estate credit replicated and multiplied risks by an unknown factor besides redistributing them at a global scale. A large number of poorly regulated and badly supervised financial institutions – no capital requirements, no access to deposit insurances, rediscount operations, and last resort credit lines by central banks – became the counterparty of the credit risk transfer from the banking system and started to hold increasing risks. The intermingling of these institutions and markets engendered a global shadow banking systems and markets.
Les régions, porteuses de nouveaux compromis pour l’agriculture ?
Authors: Trouvé Aurélie
Published: December 2017

L’auteur remercie C. Laurent et M. Nieddu ainsi que les rapporteurs anonymes de la Revue de la régulation pour leurs critiques et suggestions qu’ils ont bien voulu adresser lors d’une version antérieure de ce texte. Elle reste seule responsable des erreurs et omissions qui pourraient subsister.Alors que la Politique agricole commune est profondément remise en cause, les régions européennes voient leurs marges de manœuvre renforcées. En l’absence d’un compromis stable à l’échelon européen répondant aux nouvelles demandes sociétales vis-à-vis de l’agriculture, celles-ci se trouvent-elles prises en compte par les politiques régionales, résultant de nouveaux compromis pour l’agriculture ? Cette idée est testée à travers l’analyse des rapports de pouvoir entre trois idéaux types d’intérêts divergents : néo-mercantiles, néo-libéraux et multifonctionnels. Les enquêtes de terrain réalisées dans huit régions britanniques, françaises et allemandes montrent que la régionalisation entraîne bien l’institutionnalisation de compromis régionaux distincts, mais qu’elle tend à reproduire les rapports de pouvoir dominants à l’échelle européenne, c’est-à-dire la persistance des intérêts néo-mercantiles, l’hégémonie des intérêts néo-libéraux et la non prise en compte des intérêts multifonctionnels.
Economic Development and Institutions
Authors: Dutraive Véronique
Published: December 2017

Cet article propose une exploration et une analyse du nouveau programme de recherche institutionnaliste (appelé NNIE) appliqué à la question du développement. Les sources de ce programme sont attribuées aux travaux de D. North et aux enseignements issus des expériences de transition. Inversement, l’article évalue l’influence de ce programme sur les politiques de développement préconisées par les organisations internationales.
Crises et transformations du modèle social-démocrate suédois
Authors: Vidal Jean-François
Published: December 2017

Cet article analyse les causes et les conséquences de la crise du modèle suédois. Il présente d’abord les principales caractéristiques des politiques économiques social-démocrates mises en œuvre entre les années 1930 et les années 1970. Ensuite, les causes possibles des difficultés des années 1970 aux années 1990 sont discutées et hiérarchisées. Nous concluons que la grave crise financière de 1991-1992, qui a suivi la dérégulation du système bancaire a joué un rôle plus important que l’érosion du système de négociations néocorporatistes, que le développement de l’État providence, que l’inadaptation de la spécialisation des exportations. Pour réduire les déficits publics considérables qui ont résulté de la récession, les autorités ont fait des politiques d’austérité sévère, combinant dans des proportions égales des réductions de dépenses et des hausses d’impôts ; mais l’État providence suédois a conservé un poids important. Enfin, le régime de croissance (au sens de l’école de la régulation) suédois s’est transformé rapidement après cette crise. L’expansion a reposé principalement sur l’accroissement des parts de marché à l’exportation et sur les excédents du commerce extérieur (croissance néomercantiliste), dus principalement à la dépréciation de la couronne et à la compression de la demande intérieure, car la spécialisation de la Suède est restée assez traditionnelle.
Responsabilité sociale des entreprises et diversité des capitalismes
Authors: Capron Michel , Petit Pascal
Published: December 2017

L’analyse de la littérature sur la responsabilité sociale des entreprises permet dans une première partie de l’article de distinguer trois temps : aux préoccupations éthiques des premiers temps ont d’abord fait suite des considérations utilitaristes puis une volonté d’apprécier l’activité des entreprises sur les trois plans de l’environnement, du social et de l’économique en termes de développement durable. Dans une seconde partie on a cherché à établir à partir de six enquêtes réalisées par l’entreprise KPMG entre 1993 et 2008 sur les rapports non financiers des plus grandes entreprises cotées de divers pays de l’OCDE les conditions dans lesquelles se développent un processus d’institutionnalisation autour de ce « reporting ». Là encore on distingue deux périodes, la première est poussée par la montée d’une préoccupation de l’opinion mondiale sur les problèmes d’environnement, elle concerne plus particulièrement certains secteurs d’activité. La seconde période suit à partir des années 2000 l’accélération de la financiarisation ; le « reporting » devient une « obligation » générale pour toutes ces sociétés cotées sur  les places financières internationales. Le futur de cette pratique va dépendre dans un « troisième temps » à la fois des certifications et garanties qui continueront ou non à se développer et des conditions d’extension aux autres entreprises. Plusieurs scénarios pour cette troisième phase sont analysés en conclusion, qui à des degrés divers soulignent le caractère déterminant des types de capitalisme concerné.
RSE et théorie des parties prenantes : les impasses du contrat
Authors: Cazal Didier
Published: December 2017

Cet article traite de la théorie des parties prenantes et de ce qu’elle implique pour la recherche sur la RSE et les pratiques en la matière. Tout d’abord, certaines faiblesses conceptuelles et théoriques sont relevées. Nous soulignons ensuite l’enracinement de la théorie des parties prenantes dans le contractualisme : une conception de la firme en termes de nœuds de contrats entre parties prenantes, inspirée de la théorie des coûts de transaction, une justification plus philosophique par les théories du contrat social et de la justice comme équité, inspirée des travaux de Rawls. Nous pointons les problèmes théoriques que cet enracinement contractualiste soulève avant d’en questionner les implications sociopolitiques. Fonder la RSE sur des conceptions inspirées de la théorie des parties prenantes risque de conduire à un libéralisme élargi, au volontarisme en matière de RSE et en définitive à une moralisation limitée d’un capitalisme débridé.
La diversité des capitalismes latino-américains : les cas de l’Argentine, du Brésil et du Mexique
Authors: Bizberg Ilán , Théret Bruno
Published: December 2017

Cet article prolonge des travaux antérieurs sur l’effet de la diversité des configurations institutionnelles sur les trajectoires récentes de développement économique en Argentine, au Brésil et au Mexique. La première partie est consacrée à la caractérisation et aux transformations des coalitions socio-politiques dominantes dans les trois pays. Les deux parties suivantes examinent l’empreinte de ces coalitions socio-politiques dans les trois domaines relativement autonomes que sont les relations de travail, les systèmes monétaire et financier, et la structure organisationnelle de l’État. La conclusion s’attache à montrer que les différences observées dans les degrés d’autonomie de l’État et les forces organisatrices des syndicats et des entrepreneurs définissent différent modèles économiques et formes d’insertion dans l’économie internationale, qui permettent de parler d’une diversité des capitalismes propres à l’Amérique latine.
Diversité et évolution des capitalismes en Amérique latine. De la régulation économique au politique
Authors: Boyer Robert
Published: December 2017

Cet article introductif du numéro thématique sur l’Amérique latine propose un bref historique des travaux régulationnistes menés du début des années 1980 à nos jours. Ils ont contribué à une extension et un enrichissement des concepts et des méthodes des approches de la régulation qui portaient initialement sur les pays de vieille industrialisation. Les régimes rentiers sont orthogonaux aux régimes fordistes, la nature de l’insertion internationale détermine très largement la dynamique des autres formes institutionnelles, l’ampleur du travail informel rend problématique l’institutionnalisation du rapport salarial, les systèmes de couverture sociale sont idiosyncrasiques, enfin la faiblesse de l’État lui ouvre peu de possibilité d’impulser le changement institutionnel. Bien que marqués par ces caractéristiques communes, Argentine, Brésil, Chili et Mexique explorent des trajectoires largement originales qui ne résultent pas seulement de différences en matière de dotation en ressources naturelles mais plus encore de la formation des alliances politiques et des compromis institutionnalisés, implicites ou explicites, qui en dérivent. Le politique devient prépondérant lors des crises systémiques/structurelles, comme ce fut le cas en Argentine au début des années 2000. Cet enseignement dépasse le cadre latino-américain puisqu’il permet l’explicitation de quelques-uns des canaux de la régulation politique et qu’il incite à étudier de façon systématique le complexe processus de sortie des grandes crises qui est la question centrale de la présente décennie.
VIOLÊNCIA E RESGATE DO HUMANO: UM OLHAR FENOMENOLÓGICO PARA A PERIFERIA DE SALVADOR
Authors: Brasiliense Carneiro Suzana Filizola , Aguirre Antúnez Andrés Eduardo
Published: December 2017

O artigo relata uma pesquisacujo objetivo foi compreender as vivências fundamentais de pessoas inseridas em um contexto de violência e investigar a repercussão destas vivências em seu processo formativo, tomando como referência a fenomenologia de Edith Stein. A pesquisa se deu no bairro do Uruguai, periferia de Salvador (BA) e o acesso às vivências ocorreu pela confecção de um diário de bordo e pela realização de entrevistas abertas. Foram realizadas análises do percurso individual de quatro participantes e de 15 entrevistas em que foram identificadas oito vivências fundamentais, descritas e analisadas do ponto de vista formativo: improviso; morte; chagas; violência; solidariedade; periferia; maternidade e religiosidade. O estudo mostrou a contribuição de Edith Stein para a compreensão da violência do ponto de vista antropológico e para uma aproximação mais humana daqueles que habitam as periferias. Mostrou que mesmo em um contexto de violência, a pessoa é capaz de se posicionar livremente frente às situações externas e às próprias determinações, estruturando e buscando perspectivas de vida para além do que está dado. Neste sentido, uma intervenção possível em contextos de violência seria ajudar as pessoas a tomarem distância do vivido e a se fortalecerem interiormente de modo a elaborar respostas pessoais, participando ativamente da própria formação e da transformação do seu contexto.
Taking research into real life
Authors: Dharmawardene Vajira
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Perhaps you should look at Art...
Authors: Karunatilake Harindra , Dharmawardene Vajira
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Costs and Risks in neonatal pharmacology
Authors: Ranganathan Shalini Sri
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Awareness of danger signs in pregnancy and post-partum period among antenatal mothers admitted to General Hospital Matara
Authors: Edirisinghe E. A. R. C. , Rupasinghe J. A. S. , Wijesinghe C. J.
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Pregnancy related deaths and disabilities are a major public health problem worldwide. Poor knowledge of obstetric danger signs leads to delay in care seeking causing maternal deaths and complications. However, few studies are conducted in Sri Lanka to evaluate this aspect. Aim: To describe the awareness of danger signs in pregnancy and post-partum period and related factors among antenatal mothers admitted to General Hospital, Matara. Materials and Methods: A sample of 395 antenatal mothers in late pregnancy admitted to General Hospital, Matara were studied using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Chi-square test was used to assess the association between variables. Results: The level of awareness of obstetric danger signs was good in 73.7% of the mothers. Bleeding (75.9%), dribbling (51.6%) and pain (58.2%) were the common dangers signs identified. Approximately 15% did not know of any danger sign. A better awareness of danger signs was significantly associated with primiparity, higher educational level of mother/spouse and mother being employed (all p<0.05). Conclusions and recommendations: Awareness of obstetric danger signs was satisfactory among the majority of antenatal mothers, despite lack of knowledge on some important danger signs. Educational programmes should be designed to raise awareness on danger signs, specifically targeting the high risk groups identified during this study.
Overweight and obesity among children: Assessment of associated factors in a hospital sample from Gampaha
Authors: Vishnukumar S. , Liyanage P. N. , Sivakanesan R.
Published: December 2017

Background: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. Overweight and obese children are at higher risk for developing long-term chronic diseases. With globalization and changing lifestyles, adolescents are exposed to multiple risk factors apart from hereditary risk factors. Obesity and overweight are two such risk factors, early diagnosis which are important to prevent complications associated with them. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of childhood overweight and obesity among children 5–15 year of age group and to describe certain socio – demographic characteristics related to overweight and obese children. Material and Methods: A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 5-15-year-old children from Gampaha District who attended the Nutritional Clinic and Pediatric Unit between December 2015 and June 2016. Those who had Body Mass Index (BMI) above 85th centile for age and gender were included to the study. Children with any chronic illness were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 116 children were included. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 75.5% and 21.8% respectively. Prevalence of central obesity was more in female than male. Waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist height ratio (WHtR) exhibited an age-dependent decrease for both genders. 23.2% of overweight and 28.6% obese children were found to have either their systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP) more than 95th percentile. Conclusion: Overweight/obesity was found to be moderately prevalent in this study. There was strong a association with hypertension, Timely identification and control of overweight/obesity is required for prevention of development of adverse health outcome associated with these risk factors.
Mahanama Bridge, Matara: A suicide Hotspot in Southern Sri Lanka
Authors: Dharmawardene Vajira
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Spontaneous splenic rupture following bacterial endocarditis
Authors: De Silva T. , Wickremasuriya P. K. H. , Wettasingha S. , Gamage N. , Wijenaike K.
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Use of therapeutic apheresis as a treatment method
Authors: Galhena J. , Jayasinghe Y. A. R. P. , Abeygunarathne G.
Published: December 2017

No abstract available
Human NK Cells Downregulate Zap70 and Syk in Response to Prolonged Activation or DNA Damage
Authors: Pugh Jason L. , Nemat-Gorgani Neda , Norman Paul J. , Guethlein Lisbeth A. , Parham Peter
Published: December 2017

The extent of NK cell activity during the innate immune response affects downstream immune functions and, ultimately, the outcome of infectious or malignant disease. However, the mechanisms that terminate human NK cell responses have yet to be defined. When activation receptors expressed on NK cell surfaces bind to ligands on diseased cells, they initiate a signal that is propagated by a number of intracellular kinases, including Zap70 and Syk, eventually leading to NK cell activation. We assayed Zap70 and Syk content in NK cells from healthy human donors and identified a subset of NK cells with unusually low levels of these two kinases. We found that this Zap70lowSyklow subset consisted of NK cells expressing a range of surface markers, including CD56hi and CD56low NK cells. Upon in vitro stimulation with target cells, Zap70lowSyklow NK cells failed to produce IFN-γ and lysed target cells at one third the capacity of Zap70hiSykhi NK cells. We determined two independent in vitro conditions that induce the Zap70lowSyklow phenotype in NK cells: continuous stimulation with activation beads and DNA damage. The expression of inhibitory receptors, including NKG2A and inhibitory killer Ig-like receptors (KIRs), was negatively correlated with the Zap70lowSyklow phenotype. Moreover, expression of multiple KIRs reduced the likelihood of Zap70 downregulation during continuous activation, regardless of whether NK cells had been educated through KIR–HLA interactions in vivo. Our findings show that human NK cells are able to terminate their functional activity without the aid of other immune cells through the downregulation of activation kinases.
ILT3.Fc–CD166 Interaction Induces Inactivation of p70 S6 Kinase and Inhibits Tumor Cell Growth
Authors: Xu Zheng , Chang Chih-Chao , Li Muyang , Zhang Qing-Yin , Vasilescu Elena-Rodica M. , D’Agati Vivette , Floratos Aristidis , Vlad George , Suciu-Foca Nicole
Published: December 2017

The blockade of immune checkpoints by anti-receptor and/or anti-ligand mAb is one of the most promising approaches to cancer immunotherapy. The interaction between Ig-like transcript 3 (ILT3), a marker of tolerogenic dendritic cells, also known as LILRB4/LIR5/CD85k, and its still unidentified ligand on the surface of activated human T cells is potentially important for immune checkpoint blockade. To identify the ILT3 ligand, we generated mAb by immunizing mice with Jurkat acute T cell leukemia, which binds ILT3.Fc to its membrane. Flow cytometry, mass spectrometry, and Biacore studies demonstrated that the ILT3 ligand is a CD166/activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule. Knockdown of CD166 in primary human T cells by nucleofection abolished the capacity of ILT3.Fc to inhibit CD4+ Th cell proliferation and to induce the generation of CD8+CD28− T suppressor cells. CD166 displays strong heterophilic interaction with CD6 and weaker homophilic CD166–CD166 cell adhesion interaction. ILT3.Fc inhibited the growth of CD166+ tumor cell lines (TCL) derived from lymphoid malignancies in vitro and in vivo. CRISPR-Cas9–based knockout of CD166 from TCL abrogated ILT3.Fc binding and its tumor-inhibitory effect. The mechanism underlying the effect of ILT3.Fc on tumor cell growth involves inhibition of the p70S6K signaling pathway. Blockade of CD166 by ILT3.Fc inhibited progression of human TCL in NOD.Cg-Prkdc Il-2rg/SzJ mice, suggesting its potential immunotherapeutic value.
The STAT3–IL-10–IL-6 Pathway Is a Novel Regulator of Macrophage Efferocytosis and Phenotypic Conversion in Sterile Liver Injury
Authors: Campana Lara , Starkey Lewis Philip J. , Pellicoro Antonella , Aucott Rebecca L. , Man Janet , O’Duibhir Eoghan , Mok Sarah E. , Ferreira-Gonzalez Sofia , Livingstone Eilidh , Greenhalgh Stephen N. , Hull Katherine L. , Kendall Timothy J. , Vernimmen Douglas , Henderson Neil C. , Boulter Luke , Gregory Christopher D. , Feng Yi , Anderton Stephen M. , Forbes Stuart J. , Iredale John P.
Published: December 2017

The disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is crucial to effective inflammation resolution. Our ability to improve the disposal of apoptotic bodies by professional phagocytes is impaired by a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the engulfment and digestion of the efferocytic cargo. Macrophages are professional phagocytes necessary for liver inflammation, fibrosis, and resolution, switching their phenotype from proinflammatory to restorative. Using sterile liver injury models, we show that the STAT3–IL-10–IL-6 axis is a positive regulator of macrophage efferocytosis, survival, and phenotypic conversion, directly linking debris engulfment to tissue repair.
Evaluation of Printed-Circuit Board Materials for High-Temperature Operation
Authors: Aviño-Salvado Oriol , Sabbah Wissam , Buttay Cyril , Morel Hervé , Bevilacqua Pascal
Published: December 2017

This article presents the long-term (1,000 h) behavior of two printed-circuit board materials (Panasonic R1755V, a high-TG glass-epoxy composite and Arlon 85N, a polyimide-based laminate) stored at high temperature (190°C). Tests are performed in air and in nitrogen atmospheres. Electrical and physical measurements are performed regularly (once per week). Almost no degradation is observed for both materials when stored in nitrogen. On the contrary, the board stored in air shows the consequences of ageing. This is especially true for the glass-epoxy material, which becomes unusable after 2 w, because of large swelling.
Il dibattito in Bioetica - Bioetica e Biogiuridica, oggi / The debate in Bioethics. Bioethics and Biolaw, today
Authors: D'agostino Francesco
Published: December 2017

Non disponibile / Not available
A simplified multiplex PCR-based typing method for common Salmonella enterica serovars supported by online server-based detection system
Authors: Borah Probodh , Porwollik Steffen , Desai Prerak , Nayak Prakash , Borah Partha Pratim , Cheng Pui , McClelland Michael
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:

A rapid and simple alternative method is needed to replace the laborious, time-consuming Salmonella serotyping. The objective of the present study was to improve and simplify a previously reported multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method and to create an online server to enable rapid determination of serovars.

Methods:

A method of multiplex PCR-based genome typing (MPGT) was standardized using 59 Salmonella isolates of 31 serovars. Several previously reported primers were modified to obtain a more accurate performance. The screen was separated into four different multiplex reactions distinguishable on standard electrophoresis. A blind study was subsequently performed with 81 isolates of 10 serovars most prevalent in India. Whole genome information from 440 Salmonella isolates was used to confirm the usefulness of this method and concurrence of in silico predictions and PCR results were investigated. A public server (http://www.mpgt-salmonella.res.in) was established for data storage and determination of closest previously observed Salmonella isolates based on obtained MPGT patterns.

Results:

The 16 target genes amplified showed variability in their presence in strains from different serotypes. Hence, identical amplification patterns suggested genetic relatedness of strains and usually identical serological behaviour. The observed absence/presence patterns of genes were converted to an MPGT code. Altogether, 83 different codes were predicted in silico based on the whole genome information of 440 strains. Results confirmed that major serovars usually displayed unique MPGT codes.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The multiplex PCR assay resulted in specific binary codes for isolates from each of the 31 Salmonella serovars tested. The online server allowed the user to compare obtained PCR results with stored previous patterns. Simplicity, speed and cost-effectiveness make this tool useful for quick outbreak management.
Prevalence & factors associated with depression among schoolgoing adolescents in Chandigarh, north India
Authors: Singh Man Mohan , Gupta Madhu , Grover Sandeep
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:

Depression among adolescents is a rising problem globally. There is a need to understand the factors associated with depression among adolescents. This study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of depressive disorders and associated factors among schoolgoing adolescents in government and private schools in Chandigarh, India.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 randomly selected schoolgoing adolescents (13-18 yr), from eight schools by multistage sampling technique. Depression was assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and associated factors by pretested semistructured interview schedule. Multivariate analysis was done to identify significant associated factors.

Results:

Two-fifth (40%) of adolescents had depressive disorders, 7.6 per cent major depressive disorders and 32.5 per cent other depressive disorders. In terms of severity, 29.7 per cent had mild depression, 15.5 per cent had moderate depression, 3.7 per cent had moderately severe depression and 1.1 per cent had severe depression. Significant associated factors included being in a government school, studying in class Xth and XIIth, rural locality, physical abuse by family members, alcohol use and smoking by father, lack of supportive environment in school, spending less time in studies, lower level of participation in cultural activities and having a boy/girlfriend. Significant predictors on binary logistic regression analysis were being in class Xth [odds ratio (OR)=5.3] and lack of self-satisfaction with own academic performance (OR=5.1).

Interpretation & conclusions:

Our study showed that a significant proportion of schoolgoing adolescents suffered from depression. The presence of depression was associated with a large number of modifiable risk factors. There is a need to modify the home as well as school environment to reduce the risk of depression.
Clinical & immunological characteristics in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Rastin Maryam , Mahmoudi Mahmoud , Sahebari Maryam , Tabasi Nafiseh
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which affects females more than males. Gender affects the manifestations of SLE and men with lupus show more severe symptoms and worse prognosis. This study was aimed to compare clinical and immunological features in female and male lupus patients in Iran.

Methods:

Demographic, clinical and laboratory data from 78 women and 20 men with lupus were collected. Autoantibodies (against nRNP, Sm, SSA, SSB, Ro-52, CENP, Jo-1, Scl-70, nucleosome, anti-dsDNA, histone and Rib-p protein) were determined using immunoblotting technique.

Results:

Men with lupus had less anti-SSA (21.1 vs 48.1%) and anti-Ro52 (10.5 vs 44.3%) antibodies when compared to women and none of the male patients had anti-SSB antibodies. Kidney damage was more frequent in men (68.4% in men vs 36.7% in women). In men with kidney involvement, anti-dsDNA increased significantly (84.6 vs 20.0%) in comparison to males without nephritis. Anti-SSA (7.7 vs 50.0%) and anti-nRNP (0.0 vs 33.8%) on the other hand, decreased. Women with renal involvement had no anti-SSB antibodies.

Interpretation & conclusions:

In male patients, SLE appeared with more severe features, and kidney damage was more frequent in males. The frequency of some autoantibodies was different between females and males. In males with kidney damage anti-dsDNA increased significantly, while anti-SSA and anti-nRNP decreased. Anti-SSB was not detected in males and females with nephritis.
Prevalence of afebrile parasitaemia due to Plasmodium falciparum & P. vivax in district Balaghat (Madhya Pradesh)
Authors: Chaturvedi Neha , Krishna Sri , Bharti Praveen K. , Gaur Deepak , Chauhan Virander S. , Singh Neeru
Published: December 2017

Background & objectives:

Balaghat district in Central India is a highly malarious district where both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax are prevalent. In this district, the persistence of malaria was on an increase and not responsive to intervention measures even though there was no drug resistance. This study was undertaken by conducting mass screening to determine the prevalence of malaria among particularly vulnerable tribe of Balaghat, for developing evidence-based intervention measures for malaria control in hard to reach areas.

Methods:

This prospective study was carried out during 2013-2014 by conducting mass survey of the population in 10 villages of Birsa community health centre (CHC) and 12 villages of Baihar CHC. Finger-pricked blood smears were collected from all consenting individuals with or without fever for microscopic examination.

Results:

In the febrile group, the slide positivity rate (SPR) and slide falciparum rate (SFR) were 32.4 and 28.9 per cent, respectively, with 89.4 per cent P. falciparum, while in the afebrile individuals also, the SPR and SFR were high (29 and 26%, respectively), but these were significantly lower than that of febrile group. The gametocyte carriers were significantly higher (odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.25-2.25, P =0.0004) in afebrile patients when compared with febrile group. Vector incrimination showed the presence of four sporozoite-positive Anopheles culicifacies out of 1953 assayed.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Plasmodium falciparum malaria was high in young children (up to 8 years) as compared to the adult in both afebrile and febrile group in Balaghat district. High prevalence of gametocyte was observed in all age groups among the afebrile cases. The identification of afebrile malaria parasitaemia is an important challenge for the malaria elimination initiatives. A strong malaria surveillance system is fundamental to both programme design and implementation.
Characteristic classes of affine varieties and Plücker formulas for affine morphisms
Authors: Esterov Alexander
Published: December 2017

An enumerative problem on a variety

V

is usually solved by reduction to intersection theory in the cohomology of a compactification of

V

. However, if the problem is invariant under a “nice” group action on

V

(so that

V

is spherical), then many authors suggested a better home for intersection theory: the direct limit of the cohomology rings of all equivariant compactifications of

V

. We call this limit the
affine cohomology
of

V

and construct affine characteristic classes of subvarieties of a complex torus, taking values in the affine cohomology of the torus.

This allows us to make the first steps in computing
affine Thom polynomials
. Classical Thom polynomials count how many fibers of a generic proper map of a smooth variety have a prescribed collection of singularities and our affine version addresses the same question for generic polynomial maps of affine algebraic varieites. This notion is also motivated by developing an intersection-theoretic approach to tropical correspondence theorems: they can be reduced to the computation of affine Thom polynomials, because the fundamental class of a variety in the affine cohomology is encoded by the tropical fan of this variety.

The first concrete answer that we obtain is the affine version of what were, historically speaking, the first three Thom polynomials – the Plücker formulas for the degree and the number of cusps and nodes of a projectively dual curve. This, in particular, characterizes toric varieties whose projective dual is a hypersurface, computes the tropical fan of the variety of double tangent hyperplanes to a toric variety, and describes the Newton polytope of the hypersurface of non-Morse polynomials of a given degree. We also make a conjecture on the general form of affine Thom polynomials; a key ingredient is the

n

-ary fan, generalizing the secondary polytope.
Superrigidity from Chevalley groups into acylindrically hyperbolic groups via quasi-cocycles
Authors: Mimura Masato
Published: December 2017

We prove that every homomorphism from the elementary Chevalley group over a finitely generated unital commutative ring associated with a reduced irreducible classical root system of rank at least 2, and ME analogues of such groups, into an acylindrically hyperbolic group has an absolutely elliptic image. This result provides a non-arithmetic generalization of homomorphism superrigidity of Farb–Kaimanovich–Masur and Bridson–Wade
Embeddings of maximal tori in classical groups and explicit Brauer–Manin obstruction
Authors: Bayer-Fluckiger Eva , Lee Ting-Yu , Parimala Raman
Published: December 2017

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the Hasse principle to hold for the embeddings of maximal tori into classical groups over global fields of characteristic not 2.
Definability and Decidability Problems in Number Theory
Authors: Koenigsmann Jochen , Pasten Hector V. , Shlapentokh Alexandra , Vidaux Xavier
Published: December 2017

This workshop brought together experts working on variations of Hilbert’s Tenth Problem and more general decidability issues for structures other than the ring of integers arising naturally in number theory and algebraic geometry.
Mini-Workshop: Mathematics of Magnetoelastic Materials
Authors: García-Cervera Carlos , Kružík Martin , Liu Chun , Schlömerkemper Anja
Published: December 2017

The unifying theme of the workshop was the mathematical modeling, analysis, and numerical simulation of materials which involve magnetic and elastic interactions. During the workshop we identified several open problems from the calculus of variations, partial differential equations and modeling which appear to be essential in the understanding of the behavior of magnetoelastic materials.
Mini-Workshop: Max Dehn: his Life, Work, and Influence
Authors: Peifer David , Remmert Volker , Rowe David E. , Senechal Marjorie
Published: December 2017

This mini-workshop is part of a long-term project that aims to produce a book documenting Max Dehn’s singular life and career. The meeting brought together scholars with various kinds of expertise, several of whom gave talks on topics for this book. During the week a number of new ideas were discussed and a plan developed for organizing the work. A proposal for the volume is now in preparation and will be submitted to one or more publishers during the summer of 2017.
Unexpected Interface Corrosion and Sensitization Susceptibility in Additively Manufactured Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Macatangay D.A. , Thomas S. , Birbilis N. , Kelly R.G.
Published: December 2017

This communication describes observations of unexpected microstructural interface susceptibility to accelerated dissolution in additively manufactured (AM) Type 316L stainless steel prepared by selective laser melting. Observations include accelerated microstructural interface dissolution in the as-built condition, as well as more rapid sensitization of grain boundaries upon exposure to elevated temperature. Electrolytic etching in persulfate solution was used to evaluate the susceptibility of microstructural interfaces to accelerated dissolution in both wrought and AM 316L. Post-test optical microscopy and profilometry on AM 316L revealed that the melt pool boundaries in the as-built condition were susceptible to accelerated attack, although the small grains within the prior melt pools were not. Furthermore, short, elevated temperature exposure (1 h at 675°C) also induced sensitization of the grain boundaries. Identical testing on as-manufactured wrought 316L confirmed that no microstructural interfaces showed susceptibility to accelerated dissolution, and grain boundaries could be sensitized only by extended periods (24 h) at elevated temperature (675°C). Annealing was capable of removing sensitization in wrought 316L, but activated the surface of the AM 316L, leading to widespread, uniform dissolution.
Relapse of polymyalgia rheumatica after a fall
Authors: Manzo Ciro , Natale Maria
Published: December 2017

Approximately half of PMR patients have a relapse with a necessity to increase GC dosages. The role of external factors in inducing PMR relapse have been poorly investigated.

We present a case-series of five PMR patients in remission with low doses of glucocorticosteroids (GC), who presented with relapse immediately after a fall. The assessment of PMR relapse was made using PMR-AS by Leeb and Bird, and a score > 9.35 was consistent with diagnosis of relapse. Gender, age, and cumulative dose of GC at the time of the fall were compared between the group of these five patients and a group of 41 PMR patients who had no PMR relapse after a fall: using the Fischer’s exact test a significant difference was pointed out when the p-value was < 0.05. In our five PMR patients, the sharp worsening of clinical manifestations was always accompanied by a significant rise of the inflammatory indices and the increase of GC dosage (almost always 10 mg/day of prednisone) prompted a fast return (seven days as average) to the previous clinical and laboratory features. All other potentially responsible factors were excluded. Several months (6–10 months on average) after the fall, none of these five patients had a new relapse. No significant differences were found when we compared age, sex, and the cumulative dose of GC at the time of the fall between the group of patients with PMR relapse and the group of patients without.

The possibility of PMR relapse being realised immediately after a fall should be kept in mind in daily practice, especially when typical manifestations reappear immediately after a fall and other diagnostic hypotheses have been carefully excluded. The lack of important data (genetic factors, hormonal dosages, serum levels of IL-6 and/or serum soluble IL-6 receptor) in our case-series represented important limits for clarifying the nature of our observations and should be included in any subsequent study design on this argument. If our monocentric data are confirmed by multicentric data, the assessment of the risk of falls through specific scales should be an integral part of the visit of all PMR patients.
When nuisance is nice: ignored erythema nodosa heralding the Löfgren’s syndrome in a Nigerian woman
Authors: Akintayo Richard Oluyinka , Ojuawo Olutobi Babatope , Opeyemi Christopher Muyiwa , Aladesanmi Adeniyi Olatunji
Published: December 2017

Löfgren’s syndrome (LS) is a variant of sarcoidosis characterised by the triad of erythema nodosum (EN), radiographic bilateral hilar adenopathy, and arthralgia/arthritis. Like all cases of sarcoidosis, it is of unknown aetiology and may constitute a diagnostic difficulty in the ambiguous phenotype. Löfgren’s syndrome is associated with a good prognosis and commonly undergoes spontaneous remission within four months. However, the co-existence of multiple good and adverse prognostic factors in a patient may call for guarded expectation. Sarcoidosis is generally more prevalent among people of African descent, but the vast majority of the literature on sarcoidosis are from the western hemisphere. Löfgren’s syndrome has been rarely documented in West Africans despite the availability of some reports of sarcoidosis in the region. We present a case of a Nigerian woman with LS that started out as isolated EN, which was ignored for months until the onset of florid pulmonary and systemic symptoms.
A Comparison of Plume Rise Algorithms to Stack Plume Measurements in the Athabasca
Oil Sands
Authors: Gordon Mark , Makar Paul A. , Staebler Ralf M. , Zhang Junhua , Akingunola Ayodeji , Gong Wanmin , Li Shao-Meng
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Plume rise parameterizations calculate the rise of pollutant plumes due to effluent buoyancy and exit momentum. Some form of these parameterizations are used by most air quality models. In this paper, the performance of the commonly used Briggs plume rise algorithm was extensively evaluated through a comparison of the algorithm's results when driven by meteorological observations with direct observations of plume heights in the Athabasca oil sands region. The observations were carried out as part of the Canada–Alberta Joint Oil Sands Monitoring Plan in August and September of 2013. Wind and temperature data used to drive the algorithm were measured in the region of emissions from various platforms, including two meteorological towers, a radio-acoustic profiler, and a research aircraft. Other meteorological variables used to drive the algorithm include friction velocity, boundary-layer height, and the Obukhov length. Stack emissions and flow parameter information reported by Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) were used to drive the plume rise algorithm. The calculated plume heights were then compared to interpolated aircraft SO2 measurements, in order to evaluate the algorithm's prediction for plume rise. We demonstrate that the Briggs algorithm, when driven by ambient observations, significantly underestimated plume rise for these sources, with more than a third of the predicted plume heights falling below half the observed values from this analysis. Including the effects of effluent momentum and choosing between different forms of the parameterizations improve results slightly, but there remains an average underestimation between 4 and 21 %, depending on the measurement platform used to drive the algorithm. These results are in contrast to numerous plume rise measurement studies published between 1968 and 1993. It is suggested that further investigation using long-term in-situ measurements with currently available technologies is warranted to investigate this discrepancy.
Quantifying the effect of mixing on the mean Age of Air in CCMVal-2 and CCMI-1 models
Authors: Dietmüller Simone , Eichinger Roland , Garny Hella , Birner Thomas , Boenisch Harald , Pitari Giovanni , Mancini Eva , Visioni Daniele , Stenke Andrea , Revell Laura , Rozanov Eugene , Plummer David A. , Scinocca John , Jöckel Patrick , Oman Luke , Deushi Makoto , Kiyotaka Shibata , Kinnison Douglas E. , Garcia Rolando , Morgenstern Olaf , Zeng Guang , Stone Kane Adam , Schofield Robyn
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Stratospheric age of air (AoA) is a useful measure of the overall capabilities of a general circulation model (GCM) to simulate stratospheric transport. Previous studies have reported a large spread in the simulation of AoA by GCMs and coupled chemistry-climate models (CCMs). Compared to observational estimates simulated AoA is mostly too low. Here we attempt to untangle the processes that lead to the AoA differences between the models and between models and observations. AoA is influenced by both, mean transport along the residual circulation and two-way mixing; we quantify the effects of these processes using data from the CCM inter-comparison projects CCMVal-2 and CCMI-1. Transport along the residual circulation is measured by the residual circulation transit time (RCTT). We interpret the difference between AoA and RCTT as additional aging by mixing. Aging by mixing thus includes mixing on both the resolved and subgrid scale. We find that the spread in AoA between the models is primarily caused by differences in the effects of mixing, and only to some extent by differences in residual circulation strength. These effects are quantified by the mixing efficiency, a measure of the relative increase of AoA by mixing. The mixing efficiency varies strongly between the models from 0.21 to 0.99. We show that the mixing efficiency is not only controlled by horizontal mixing, but by vertical mixing and vertical diffusion as well. Possible causes for the differences in the models' mixing efficiencies are discussed. Differences in subgrid scale mixing (including differences in advection schemes and model resolutions) likely contribute to the differences in mixing efficiency. However, differences in the relative contribution of resolved versus parametrized wave forcing do not appear to be related to differences in mixing efficiency or AoA.