bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on combination of microbial flocculants with PAC in in-situ remediation of black odorous water and sediment
Authors: Cheng H Y , Long J X , Liu Z , Yang A L
Published: October 2019

This study, the sediment of black and odorous water body in Xinyang main flood drainage channel of Xiamen City was taken as the research object, and the effect of in-situ remediation of black and odorous water body sediment by microbial flocculant (MBF) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) in different proportions was studied through laboratory static simulation test. The experimental results show that: (a) The MBF dosage of 20 mg/L has a good effect on the remediation of the sediment in the black-odor river. The removal rates of TP and COD in the overlying water are 86.5% and 87.37% after 15 days of experiments, respectively. The removal efficiency of acid volatile sulfur in sediment (AVS) is not very good, the removal rate is only 27.1%. 100 mg/L PAC is added to remedy the black-odor river sediment, and the overlying water under the same experimental conditions. The removal rate of TP was 51%. (b) The combination of MBF and PAC has a good effect on the remediation of the sediment and overlying water of the black and odorous river in the city. The optimum dosage scheme is PAC with 20 mg/L and microbial flocculant with 10 mg/L. Under this scheme, the removal rates of NH4
+-N, TP and COD in overlying water were 92.37%, 70.82% and 64.52% respectively after 15 days of restoration experiment. AVS in sediment was reduced by 52.21%, which basically eliminated the black odor in overlying water.
Control and cleaning of membrane biofouling by biogenic silver nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Manying , Cheng Cheng , Xie Rongrong
Published: October 2019

Membrane biofouling as the main obstacle strongly hinders the wider application of membrane technology. The control of biofouling development and the fouled membrane cleaning still are the big challenge in membrane industry. The present study investigated the control of initial bacterial attachment, biofilm development and finally the membrane cleaning by biogenic silver nanoparticles (Bio-Ag0-6) using commercial microfiltration membranes as the substrate. The results revealed that the Bio-Ag0-6 could inhibit the development of biofilm by decreasing the attachment of cells and the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Significant improvements of flux recovery ratio (FRR), the distribution of fouling resistances and the decrease of total fouling resistance ( Rf
) were achieved when introducing Bio-Ag0-6 to dead-end microfiltration systems. The membrane cleaning experiment verified the enhanced biofilm detachment from membrane surface by Bio-Ag0-6. It shows that Bio-Ag0-6 would be a good alternative to relieve membrane biofouling.
Preparation and characterization of silk fibroin from four different species of Thai-local silk cocoon for Bone implanted applications
Authors: Pitjamit S , Thunsiri K , Nakkiew W , Pothacharoen P
Published: October 2019

The metal interlocking nail is normally used in diaphyseal fractures. The bio-composite interlocking nail will be fabricated in the near future by using local silk fibroin reinforce Polylactic acid filament for 3D printing. Four species of local Thai Bombyx mori silk cocoons were selected to extract silk fibroin. The silk cocoon species consist of 1) Nangnoi Srisaket-I (NN), 2) Nanglai (NL), 3) Luang Saraburi (LS), and 4) J108. After the extraction, fibroins of each silk cocoon species were characterized and compared the physical property by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Then, the biological test was performed on cell viability and cytotoxicity with human fetal osteoblast cell line. The result presents that all of local silk cocoons species presented non-cytotoxicity ability which can be used in human or animal body without endangerment.
Effect of silver nanoparticles with polyelectrolyte multilayer against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: wacharanad S , ayudthaya Tkluaymaina
Published: October 2019

Silver nanoparticles capped with alginate (SNP-AL) were prepared by chemical reduction method. Three concentrations of SNP-AL were produced by varied alginate into 0.1, 1, and 5 mM. UV-Vis spectroscopy was used to characterize their specific wavelength at 400 nm. Subsequently, 10 bilayers thin film were established between PDADMAC and SNP-AL via polyelectrolyte multilayer technique. These were characterized by SEM and AFM. Their toxicity to anaerobe bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) a common cause of periodontal disease, was tested. Findings showed that these silver nano-chips could release SNP and reduce the Aa colony by 90%.
Effects of Si concentrations on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Co–Cr–Mo alloys
Authors: Tunthawiroon P. , Chiba A.
Published: October 2019

This research investigates the effects of different Si concentrations on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Co–Cr–Mo–xSi alloys. The Si concentration (x) was 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 wt%. The mechanical properties of the experimental heat-treated Co–Cr–Mo–xSi alloys was determined by hardness and tensile tests. The microstructure was analyzed using SEM. The microstructure analysis revealed that Si concentration played a role in the formation of the intermetallic phase of Co–Cr–Mo–xSi alloys. The presence of the intermetallic phase significantly decreased the ductility of the experimental alloys. However, the hardness was improved and was increased directly proportional to the fraction of the intermetallic phase precipitating in the Co–Cr–Mo–xSi alloys.
Wettability and printability of SAC305-xTiO2 Pb-free solder paste on Cu substrate
Authors: Sukpimai K. , Suwannakrue W. , Kanlayasiri K.
Published: October 2019

This paper was aimed to study on effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on wettability and printability of SAC305-xTiO2 Pb-free solder on Cu substrate. TiO2 nanoparticles at various concentrations (0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 wt%) were introduced to SAC305 solder paste by mechanical mixing. Wettability of the solder on Cu substrate was measured in terms of contact angle while printability was calculated from the ratio of printed volume on Cu substrate to ideal volume of solder on the substrate. Results showed that the introduction of TiO2 nanoparticles decreases the contact angle and 0.33 wt% TiO2 is the optimal concentration providing the lowest contact angle within the experimental range. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles reduced the printability of solder paste on Cu substrate. The higher amount of nanoparticles gave the lower printability. Simultaneous optimization on wettability and printability was also performed to find the optimal TiO2 concentration.
Dynamic analysis of a high speed motorized spindle for internal grinding of slender holes
Authors: Lin Shengye , Zhang Shaowen , Geng Keke
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a high speed motorized spindle for internal grinding of slender holes. The modified transfer matrix method is used to establish the dynamic model of the motorized spindle rotor system including the additional stiffness of the non-contact rotary union. The linear perturbation method is adopted to derive the perturbation equations for the flow passing through the gap in the non-contact rotary union. The finite difference method is used to solve the Reynolds equation and the perturbation equations to obtain the four dimensional stiffness matrix of the non-contact rotary union. Finally, the effect of the non-contact rotary union on the dynamic behaviours of the motorized spindle are studied.
Design optimization of worm gear drive with reduced power loss
Authors: Rai Paridhi , Gopal Barman Asim
Published: October 2019

In worm gear mechanism, power loss is one of the critical issues, which requires attention from gear designers and researchers. This is due to power loss; the overall efficiency of worm gear drive gets reduced. In this article, Simulated Annealing (SA) is used to minimize the power loss of worm gear drives within the prescribed set of design constraints. Various design constraints included in the design optimization problem are linear pressure, bending strength and deflection of worm. Gear tooth number, coefficient of friction and helix angle are the design variables considered. Results obtained are compared and validated with the results obtained in previous research work found in the literature. It shows that SA is more efficient in attaining optimal design values for worm gear drive for reducing power loss.
Research on computation and simulation technology of battlefield complex electromagnetic environment
Authors: Yang Fan , Dong Zhenghong , Duan Xiaobo
Published: October 2019

In view of the current fierce competition for electromagnetic power among countries, it is necessary to accelerate the simulation of frequency equipment in complex electromagnetic environments, and to construct complex electromagnetic environment simulation scenarios under joint combat conditions. How to construct the complex electromagnetic environment that meets up with the requirement of battlefields, and to improve combat command and training capabilities are the current research problems. Thus, this paper studies the simulation and calculation of the complex electromagnetic environment in the battlefield, and proposes and designs a system for the calculation and analysis of the complex electromagnetic environment of battlefield. The system can be used to estimate radio wave propagation of each frequency equipment, to analyse and compute complex electromagnetic situation of the battlefield, and visualize them. The above estimation, analysis, and computation are obtained according to the displacement of frequency equipment, and battlefield environment, such as geography information and meteorological information. The proposed system can obtain the impact of electromagnetic environment of the battlefield on various types of frequency equipment, and provide battlefield electromagnetic information protection for equipment application.
Development of an Automated System for Three-Dimensional J-Integral Analysis
Authors: Lee Joon-Seong
Published: October 2019

By integrating the 3D solid modeler with the universal FEM code, an automatic nonlinear analysis system for 3D crack problems has been developed. A geometry model, that is, a solid containing one or several 3D cracks is defined. Multiple distributions of local node density are selected and automatically overlapped with each other over the geometry model using fuzzy knowledge processing. Nodes are created by the bucketing method, and tetrahedral square tetrahedral solid elements are generated by the Delaunay triangulation technique. A complete finite element (FE) model is created and stress analysis is performed. In this system, analysts can significantly reduce the burden of introducing 3D cracks into FE models and estimating fracture mechanics parameters. This paper describes a methodology for realizing such a function and demonstrates the validity of this system.
Decomposition of a complex dynamic system with a network architecture
Authors: Shevchenko V A , Yu Medvedev M
Published: October 2019

The paper presents the method of decomposition of a complex dynamic network based on the diacoptic approach. The proposed method is aimed at identifying independent network segments, the removal of which from the overall structure will not affect the overall system performance. Segments are formed as simple paths in the graph model of the system with the smallest weight of incident edges and checking the condition for maintaining the balance of the product flow as applied to the transportation problem. In the general case, the presented decomposition method makes it possible to divide a complex technical object with the network architecture into subsystems, simplifying the process of analysis and control. In the case when the general task of control and the dynamics of interaction between subsystems allows the system to be divided into unrelated segments, or to limit the interaction along certain lines, the method allows reducing the load on the transmitting elements of the system.
Deformation behaviors of non-oriented silicon steel plate in hot rolling process
Authors: Dong Qiang , Liu Huihui
Published: October 2019

In this paper, the flow stress behaviors of non-oriented silicon steel are investigated by hot compressive experiments and a constitutive model is built based on the experimental data. The constitutive model provides material model for FE numerical investigation. The deformation behaviors of the non-oriented silicon steel during hot rolling process are investigated by a 3D FE model. Contact stress and plate shape in different working conditions are presented. The FE results can provide primary data for the precise shaping of non-oriented silicon steels in hot rolling process.
A Study on Global and Cluster-wise Regression Model in the Automatic GMA welding
Authors: Yun Tae-Jong , Shim Ji-Yeon , Kim Hong-Gun , Liang Zong-Liang , Won-Bin Oh , Lee Bo-Ram , Park Min-Ho , Kim Ill-Soo
Published: October 2019

The automatic welding system is presently made use of high volume production industries even if the cost of the related equipment is justified by the large number of pieces to be made. Also, the detailed movement devices with the predetermined sequences of welding parameter and the use of timers to form the weld joints were required. A new mathematical model that predict the optimal welding parameters on a given bead geometry and accomplish the desired mechanical properties of the weldment to make the automatic GMA (Gas Metal Arc) welding process should be needed. The developed model should be employed a wide range of material thicknesses and be applicable for all welding positions as well. In addition, the algorithm must be available in the form of mathematical equations which can be programmed easily to the robot and give a high degree of confidence in predicting the bead dimensions. In this study, two regression models with global regression and cluster-wise regression are proposed to be applicable for prediction of optimal welding parameters on the bead reinforcement area. For development of the proposed regression models, an attempt has been done for applying to a several methods. A series experiments to research the effects of welding parameters on bead reinforcement area as a function of key output parameters for the lab-joint weld in the automatic GMA welding process was performed. Not only the fitting of these models was checked and compared by using a variance test (ANOVA), but also the prediction of bead reinforcement area using the developed regression models were carried out the basis of the additional experiments.
Digital Fabrication of a 3D Object using Fixtureless Assembly
Authors: Chancharoen Ratchatin , Sithiwichankit Chaiwuth
Published: October 2019

Digital fabrication is the kind of the manufacturing process expected to be the next industrial revolution due to its capability converting a digital model into a physical object with fully-automated operation of manufacturing. Although the assembly operation of mass-produced components gives relatively higher cost effective, it is still unprepared for the digital fabrication in practise, unlike the subtractive or additive operation. This research proposes the minimal-required robotic system and process enabling the digital fabrication using the assembly operation done at fixtureless location. The robotic system comprises a SCARA robot, a vacuum gripper, a ram extruder, a USB camera, and MATLAB® on a personal computer. The calibrations giving the required kinematic correlations, and the pose estimation capacitating the fixtureless location operation, are also described in this paper. The necessary process are product designing, product cell-decomposition, and product assembly. In result, the fully-automated assembly of a 3D object is successfully done at fixtureless location in about three minutes and haft which is short compared with using the subtractive or additive operation. This research gives promise of applying the digital fabrication using the assembly operation at fixtureless location for practical applications, such as building and repairing of furniture, constructive structure, and etc.
A survey of criteria for a selection of logistics service providers: a case of Thailand’s automotive industry
Authors: Norkaew Khanitta , Sureeyatanapas Panitas
Published: October 2019

This study aims to investigate the criteria that the automotive manufacturing companies currently consider when selecting a logistics service provider; and to prioritise the importance level of those criteria based on service buyers’ perspectives. The criteria were synthesised from the relevant literature review, and they were then used to develop the questionnaire. In this current study, the questionnaire was divided into two parts: the manufacturers’ current criteria for considering the service provider: and, the levels of importance for the criteria. It was then sent to five large-scale manufacturers in the automotive industry in Thailand. Following up with questionnaire responses, the researchers also conducted an interview with each participating manufacturer to elicit additional insightful information. According to the results, there were seven criteria that all five manufacturers collectively used to consider the logistics service: 1) Price, 2) Relationship, 3) Management system, 4) Flexibility, 5) Delivery, 6) Physical facilities, equipment and technology, and 7) Service areas. In this regard, the most important criteria were Price and Delivery, respectively. For logistics service providers, the findings of the study might be of use to design strategic planning, to improve their organization for a future service providing, and to maximize the competitive advantage. Additionally, the government could also implement these study findings to formulate the policy to support the logistics industry in Thailand to be able to grow sustainably and compete in the global market.
A Mathematical Programming Approach for Product Selection with Multiple Criteria
Authors: Janjarassuk U , Puengrusme S
Published: October 2019

Product selection is very important for customer who looks for functionalities of the product. To get the best product with the available budget, multiple criteria should be considered simultaneously while making decision. In this paper, we propose a multi-objective decision model for selecting the most suitable product for the customers. The model is tested by using a real case of power unit selection in studio recording, and the results are presented.
Development of Automated Vertically Stacked Hard Disk Drive Sorting Configurations Through Simulation Modeling
Authors: Akbudalee B , Pichitlamken J , Suebsankul S
Published: October 2019

This paper focuses on discrete-event simulation (DES) model of a vertically stacked HDD sorting system using the Arena software. We propose an approach decreasing the throughput time of sorting department that are inefficient. We find that the automated system can decrease the average waiting time, the work-in-process and the average total time in system by 59.24%, 59.87%, and 72.67%, respectively, compared with the current system.
Sustainable activity of engineering education and research of association for advanced education in Asia
Authors: Wakabayashi Toshio , Komine Noriyuki , Tsuji Hidekazu , Tomiyama Shigenori , Ariga Tadashi , Moriya Yoshiaki , Iijima Toshio
Published: October 2019

In this paper we describe activities of members in the association for advanced education in Asia (AAEA). It is a specified non-profit organization in Japan. The members are in activity at National University of Laos, Laos, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand and universities in Vietnam, Malaysia and others. They have collaborated with their counterparts such us professors and students on specialized education and research. A lot of activities are useful and effective for our sustainable fields.
Gripper Design for Automatic Trimming System in Forging Process
Authors: Jantanalach S , Vongbunyong S
Published: October 2019

Labor shortage is one of the most common yet critical problems in industrial sectors. Using robotics and automation to replace human labor is one of the most effective solutions. In this research, robotic technology is implemented in the trimming process which is one of the key steps in faucet manufacturing. The system is designed to be able to deal with uncertainties of the shape of flash that are occurred due to the impression-die forging process. A gripper with specific jaws is designed to suit the workpiece. A vision system is used to identify the position and orientation of the workpieces. As a result, with the gripper and the vision system, the workpieces can be grasped, transferred, and loaded into the trimming machine at high success rate in comparison to human labor. In this paper, the design procedure of the gripper and performance of the gripper are emphasized.
Assembly of Modular Robot for Cleaning Various Length of Solar Panels
Authors: Chailoet K , Pengwang E
Published: October 2019

This paper discusses about the design and feasibility study for building a modular robot for cleaning solar panels. The objective was to design a universal module for transmission and manipulation that can be used with different length of solar panels and different arrangements in solar panel. Since there are various configurations for arranging the solar panel, this robot can be modified using an advantage of modular robots. The principle of working is to clean a solar panel with water, spiral brush, and rubber sweeper. The modular concepts were validated for the solar panel with a range of 1 to 4 meters in both testing and field environments. The solar panels cleaning robot can clean dirt and dust on the panel and increase the power generation of the solar panels. The target applications for this design can be extended for a solar farm, solar rooftop, and floating solar panels.
Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete with Different Sources of Coarse Aggregates
Authors: Saphouvong Khamhou , Thepvongsa Khampaseuth , Simixay Singvixay
Published: October 2019

Aggregate size and its source are crucial for concrete properties. This paper presents the evaluation of the properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) which mixed with coarse aggregate from different sources. Coarse aggregate from three sources which are commonly available in Vientiane Capital, Mekong River (MK), Ngum River (NG) and Crushed Mountain Stone (MT) were used for this study. Six different mixed proportions with two maximum aggregate size 19mm and 12.5mm for each aggregate source were prepared. Ordinary Portland Cement Type I and Fly ash class C were used as binders. The replacement ratio of fly ash to cement was fixed at 20% and w/p ratio was 0.36. Sika Viscocrete-3180MR was used as water reducing admixture with 0.95% by weight of binders. The results show that, for the fresh concrete properties, the coarse aggregate with maximum size of 12.5mm from Mekong River is the most suitable aggregate comparing to other sources. For the hardened concrete with 28-day curing, the highest compressive strength is the mixed proportion MK12 for aggregate size 12.5mm. As seen, the coarse aggregate with 12.5mm of Mekong River is the most appropriate aggregate among three sources which has a flow-ability and higher compressive strength.
Fast large-scale current oscillations in SOFCs with intermediate fuel utilisation
Authors: Sands J D
Published: October 2019

In the push towards renewable energy technology fuel cells are set to replace many conventional means of power generation. Their efficiency and cleanliness compared to internal combustion engines is undisputed, however widespread adoption has yet to occur on a global scale. Two of the key issues affecting their mass adoption are their cost and their long-term stability. Whilst long-term testing has proven fuel cells a worthy competitor in the energy market, there are still reports in the literature of degradation caused by a number of different phenomena. In particular, most long-term testing focusses on intermediate fuel utilisation whereas many applications require high fuel utilisations. It is known that at high fuel utilisations several degradation mechanisms may come into play, sometimes resulting in agglomeration, cracking, decreased power output, and electrical oscillations. In this paper, current oscillations are reported in a solid oxide fuel cell under intermediate fuel utilisation which places it firmly in the applicable region for standard operation. Thus it is incumbent on fuel cell researchers to understand and control this unwanted behaviour in order to ensure long-term stability of a fuel cell stack. A prototype model is used here to explore potential causes using first principles.
Characterization and fabrication of bio-composite filaments for fused deposition modeling 3D printing
Authors: Phengchan P , Chaijaruwanich A , Nakkiew W , Pitjamit S
Published: October 2019

The metal bone screws are generally used in bone fractures. The bio-composite bone screws will be fabricated soon by using hydroxyapatite (HA) to reinforce polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) filament for 3D printing. In this study aimed to characterize morphological and physical properties of bio-composite filaments. HA was synthesized from bovine bone. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the obtained HA and HA standard showed a similar chemical composition. The morphological observation of bio-composite filaments by scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed the distribution of HA in bio-composite filaments. The elemental composition of the filament by energy dispersive spectrometer indicated the consisting of calcium, carbon and oxygen elements. The diameter measurement of all bio-composite filaments indicated the values ranged from 1.66 to 1.86 mm which were non-significantly different value in each composite filament and similar with a filament standard.
Development and Control of Rotary Inverse Pendulum by LQR with Integral Action
Authors: Chantarachit Surachat
Published: October 2019

This research a basic well-known hardware, is introduced. The inverse pendulum is the focused in this research. In order to prove the control algorithm LQR with integral action. The dynamic model is obtained by Euler-Lagrange equation. Motor actuator is included in the model in order to get the correct model. The model is linearize by Taylor series expansion. The model parameters are identified by software simulation. The inversed pendulum prototype is manufactured and assembled. The Linear Quadratic Regulator with Integral (LQR+I) controller is presented and applied to control the inverse pendulum. The control simulation and experiment results are present in the performance of this controller
Strain-based Evaluation of Bridge Monitoring using Numerical Model Analysis
Authors: Sinsamutpadung N , Sasaki E
Published: October 2019

According to visual inspection on the bridge site, the target bridge has major cracks in RC deck in the center span. This certain type of damage could affect structural performance and should be monitored. The structural health monitoring system was set up on the target bridge and the strain-based evaluation could be used to quantitatively determine bridge condition. The FE model of the bridge was modeled with various types of RC cracking pattern to represent the severity of bridge damage. The relationship between damage level and strain measurement is generated, As a result, Bridge monitoring curve based on strain index has been established.
Measurement model of good governance in government procurement
Authors: Chaitongrat T , Leungbootnak N , Kusonkhum W , Deewong W , Liwthaisong S , Srinavin K
Published: October 2019

This research aimed to develop competency factors for Good Governance in Government Procurement. The research adopted structural relationship models and is descriptive in nature. The research sample was drawn from 353 government sectors. The research tool was an expert questionnaire which had content validity and reliability of 0.986. The data was statistically analyzed by 1) exploratory factor analysis and 2) second-order confirmatory factor analysis. The research found that the model for the Good Governance in Government Procurement had high construct validity by both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The model composed of 1 factor and 14 sub-factors from 15 selected variables.
Relationships of construction project manager, engineer, and foreman skills
Authors: Kawesittisankhun Kittipos , Pongpeng Jakrapong
Published: October 2019

Understanding the relationships of construction project manager, engineer and foreman skills can be used by contractors to develop project performance. Although there are widely discussed on construction individual skills, the relationships between individual skills having on others’ skills have not been examined in previous studies. Thus, this study examined such relationships. The questionnaire was used to collect data on the important range of skills of the individual to evaluate the relationships among them. The data were then analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to determine the relationships of construction manager, engineer and foreman skills. The final SEM model shows regression weights in parenthesis that construction manager skills have influence on engineer skills (0.65) and engineer skills have influence on foreman skills (0.84). Additionally, the regression weight presents that knowledge management is the most important skill for a construction manager (0.64). Problem-solving is the most important to engineer (0.59). Regarding foreman, physical skill is the most important (0.67). The findings can be used as a guideline for contractors in developing their staffs to increase project performance.
Uncertain External Pressure Act on Thick Cylinder in Fuzzy Context
Authors: Yukunthorn W , Tariboon J
Published: October 2019

In this paper, we study a thick cylinder with uncertain external pressure. The traditional model was extended in fuzzy context. We use the governing equation which was rewritten as delta operator equation. The interpretations of external pressure are based on triangular, trapezoidal and Gaussian fuzzy numbers. By Adomian Decomposition Method gives an approximate solution. The maximal and minimal radial stresses are obtained, corresponding to the level cut. Finally, we get the methodology for simulating uncertain problems in fuzzy context and utility of each membership function.
Feasibility of a photoelectric sensor technique for nondestructive prediction of granulation disorder in tangerines
Authors: Teerachaichayut S , Kijpadung T , Cheevathumrat V
Published: October 2019

Granulation is a physiological disorder in Tangerine (Citrus reticulata) that can cause an internal disorder which cannot be determined by visual inspection. A nondestructive technique, which is simple and low cost, that could determine whether an individual fruit suffered from granulation would be of help to the citrus industry. The intensity signal of photoelectric sensor, when light passed through tangerines ‘Keaw Dumnuan’ was investigated and showed that the signal was significantly larger (p < 0.05) for normal tangerines and those suffering from granulation. In order to determine a suitable non-destructive method for detect granulation disorder in tangerines that could be applied commercially, a simple and low cost prototype of this photoelectric sensor technique was developed. A set of 52 fruit were used and their average intensity signal from four measurements was used for discriminant analysis. The cut off value of 61.7 mV was used for classification. If a fruit had the signal intensity equal to or less than 61.7 mV, it had granulation, while fruit that had the signal intensity of more than 61.7 mV was normal. Using this signal intensity discrimination the accuracy of classification was 90.4%. It was also shown that the accuracy of prediction was related to the severity of granulation in each fruit. Therefore, the photoelectric sensor technique was shown to be feasible for use in nondestructively detect of granulation in tangerines and be possibly used in future grading systems.
Sensory Evaluation and Acceptability of Bambusa blumeana as Bamboo Shoot Polvoron
Authors: Elumbra R
Published: October 2019

The Bamboo shoots of the grassy Poacaea family have fibre, potassium and lignans, which are believed to hold anti-cancer, antibacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral properties, according to agsyt.wsu.edu. There is already a legion of studies, pertaining to the use of bamboo shoots as the main ingredients in baked goods. An example is the Polvoron. This is one of the popular Filipino desserts, especially among young ones. This study presents a new polvoron flavor derived from the bamboo shoot (bayog) powder. The product also underwent nutritional analysis which was conducted by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute Service Laboratory. This study aimed to develop processed bamboo shoot into polvoron along with its sensory evaluation and acceptability among consumers. The researchers used an experimental design for the four treatments with different proportion of bamboo shoot powder for every treatment employed during the evaluation. There were 50 untrained respondents. Respondents were able to select and evaluate the products using the Semantic scale for the colour, taste, texture and odour and hedonic scale and facial hedonic scale for the general acceptability of the product. Results showed that Treatment 3 had the most acceptable treatment with a mean value of 7.95, interpreted as Like Very Much with light brown, pronounced bamboo shoot flavour, moderately smooth texture and moderately detected bamboo odour. Hence the incorporation of powdered bamboo shoots into polvoron is widely acceptable among its consumers.
Effect of passion fruit juice and pectin on characteristics of Purple Yard Long Bean jam
Authors: Natnicha T , Kanyarat L , Kraiyot S
Published: October 2019

The present study aims at studying the amounts of passion fruit juice (21.1, 23.3 and 25%) and the amounts of pectin (0.5, 1 and 1.5) optimum to produce Purple Yard Long Bean jam (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) cv. Sirindhorn No.1. The results showed that jam with 21.1% of passion fruit juice and 0.5% of pectin had the highest pH value and the lowest Rupture Strength. The water activity value and total soluble solids of 3 formulas jam were not statistically different. Jam with 25% of passion fruit juice and 1.5% of pectin had increasing of L* value and decreasing of a* value. Sensory evaluation showed that the jam with 21.1% of passion fruit juice and 0.5% of pectin gained the highest hedonic score in terms of odor, taste, texture, spreadability and overall preference. Purple Yard Long Bean jam with 21.1% of PJF and 0.5% of pectin had with higher fiber content than in commercial products.
Adsorption of Ammonia Nitrogen in Aqueous Solution Using Zeolite A
Authors: Assawasaengrat P , Rueangdechawiwat R
Published: October 2019

The capacity of alternative adsorbents including rice straw, delignified rice straw and zeolite A for ammonia nitrogen removal from aqueous solution was investigated. The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch system with initial ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0.5 mg-N/l, 1000 ml ammonia nitrogen solution for 1 g of adsorbent. Experimental data indicated that rice straw and delignified rice straw cannot adsorb ammonia nitrogen. However, zeolite A provided rapidly adsorption capacity for ammonia nitrogen removal. The amount of ammonia nitrogen adsorbed by zeolite A was 0.256 mg/g at 1 minute after the experiment was initially conducted and slightly stable at 0.275 mg/g after 10 minutes. The adsorption experiments were carried out at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg-N/l of ammonia nitrogen concentration. The results indicated that zeolite A had the adsorption capacity of 0.102, 0.294, 0.551, 1.153, 2.303, and 3.897 mg/g respectively at equilibrium time. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. Based on R2, Freundlich model was more promising to represent the adsorption data than Langmuir model.
Shelf Life Evaluation of Instant Pasta in Two Different Packaging.
Authors: Murathathunyaluk S , Jindawanich P
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study is to evaluate shelf life of instant pasta which had been packed in two different packaging, type I is an OPP/MCPP sachet and type II is an OPP/CPP sachet, under accelerated condition (37°C, 85%RH) for 12 weeks. There were 2 index which were used to evaluate the shelf life, one was sensory tests and another one was moisture content in pasta. Assessed by sensory tests, the shelf life of instantly cooked pasta packed in type I and type II sachet, were revealed more than 12 weeks and equal 12 weeks, respectively. Likewise, the shelf life predicted on the basis of moisture sorption isotherm and water permeability of packaging material, were estimated at 119 and 46 days in OPP/MCPP and OPP/CPP sachets, respectively. According to these results, the quality changing of instant pasta measured during storage suggested that OPP/MCPP sachet had better protectively effect than the OPP/CPP sachet.
Texture Traits with Uniform-Quantization in Handwriting Documents for Digital Forensics Investigation
Authors: Pratiwi D , Syaifudin  , Rahardiansyah T , Hilman A , Anggriani W , Chairunnisa N
Published: October 2019

In crime and falsification related to documents are often difficult to verify orauthenticated by the authorities. This is the basis of research to develop a system in assisting digital forensics to investigate and seek the truth of the evidence in the form of digital handwritten documents. The steps that being taken by researchers are collecting and digitizing the documents into image form, converting color from RGB to greyscale, separate the object through thresholding, color histogram, uniform quantization from 256 to 128 of greylevel, texture feature extraction ie variance, skew, relative smoothness, entropy and mean, normalize the feature value and similarity measures through Euclidean distance calculations. From the results of testing of 10 data that has been matched with 20 training data, 6 documents successfully recognized correctly the authenticity of the document owner. Thus, the system in this study produces an accuracy of 60% and can be used to assist digital forensics in analyzing the authenticity of handwritten documents.
Experiment of Thermal Insulation Performance of Acrylic and Expanded Polystyrene for Chamber Wall
Authors: Laliyah Q , Bakti P , Ramadhani W S
Published: October 2019

Chamber with the controlled temperature is required in the energy efficiency test of a household product. Chamber wall plays an important role to keep the temperature inside the chamber so as not to be affected by the temperature from outside. Experiments were carried out to compare the thermal performance of two different material for chamber wall : 1) Acrylic and 2) expanded polystyrene. The boxes with dimension 40 x 40 x 40 cm were affected with fixed thermal loads in a climatic chamber. Meanwhile, temperature inside the box was monitored with data logger. The thermal loads for testing were 40°C, and 60°C. Based on the measurement, temperature in the acrylic box reach the load temperature from the outside and starts steady at 300 seconds, while the expanded polystyrene at 550 seconds. The result show that the insulating performance of expanded polystyrene is better than acrylic. The result of this study can be used not only for refrigerator manufacture, it can also use by another industry related to thermal dynamic. The industries include aeronautic industry related to aircraft wall coatings for external temperature protection, building industry in terms of building wall coatings to maintain temperature stability, and other related industries.
Preliminary Design of GL-1 Sailplane Cockpit Arrangement and Control Mechanism Based on EASA CS-22 Requirements
Authors: Mulyanto T , Zulkarnain M F
Published: October 2019

Sailplaning or gliding is one branch of aero sports activities in Indonesia under Federation of Aero Sport Indonesia (FASI). Until now, the most common sailplane used in Indonesia is still Schweitzer SGS 1-26, which is a single seated metal-fabric sailplane designed in 1955 and produced until 1979. The development of a new national glider to replace the Schweitzer SGS 1-26 had been conducted since 2013 and resulted in a design named GL-1. The EASA CS-22 had been chosen as certification basis for GL-1 as there is no equivalent yet in Indonesian CASR. A preliminary design of internal cockpit arrangement and control mechanism has been conducted. This study shows that the control mechanism using a combination of cable and push-pull rod arrangement satisfy the required control surface movement and limited sailplane interior space.
Analytical assessment on aviation practitioners needs for knowledge enhancement at the postgraduate level: an application of Fuzzy Delphi method
Authors: Mohammad M F N , Ghafar N H , Rahman N A , Abdullah R , Mayor F
Published: October 2019

Knowledge enhancement is essential to support continuous sustainability of organization in a competitive environment. It is not an exception to an aviation industry. In facing up with future challenges of industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0), studies have shown that one of the issues addressed in ensuring it success is the importance of knowledge among employees. Various activities can be done to enhance knowledge such as by enrolling to academic (undergraduate or postgraduate) programs, attending short courses/training or sitting for professional certification. Furthermore, obtaining postgraduate degrees offers wide exposure to academic and industry environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to gauge the understanding on practitioners’ key reasons to further their education at the postgraduate level. Four major constructs established for this study to analyse the aviation practitioners’ intention to further study that are personal needs for continuing education, organization needs, source of funding and teaching and learning facilities. Document review were conducted at the beginning of the study to explore fundamental issues of knowledge enhancement needs among practitioners, meanwhile survey performed were analysed by using Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). Findings shows that six elements (items) for the whole survey fulfil the criteria of threshold value (d construct) less than 0.2 and achieved the percentage of expert group consensus more than 75%. This research provides objective and constructive input to university on the major factors influencing aviation practitioner’s decision to further their study at the postgraduate level. The finding becomes avenues for university to draft a better postgraduate program to fulfil the requirement of industry and academic.
Design and Performance Analysis of Low Reynolds Number Propeller using Analytical Methods by Varying Blades Alpha Design
Authors: Haidar M D F , Moelyadi M A , Hartono F
Published: October 2019

In the past few years, the usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) aircraft has increased significantly, but the need for UAVs with higher performance is increasing also. Therefore, all systems of the UAVs must be developed to have high efficiency, including the propulsion system. It is necessary to perform some design and analysis tasks on low Reynolds number propeller, which is a commonly used propulsion system on UAVs, to have higher efficiency and improve the overall UAVs performance. In this paper, low Reynolds number propellers are designed using the Larrabee Design analytical method by referring to the “Master AirScrew 10x7E” propeller. Meanwhile, performance of the designed propellers is analysed by using analytical method of Inversing Larrabee Design method. At the design stage of low Reynolds number propeller, 42 variations of alpha design (αdes
) was inputted along the blades with uniform, linear, and quadratic distributions. Furthermore, the best design from these 42 variations was selected by performing two-stage scoring. At first stage scoring, 42 designs are selected to obtain 5 designs with the highest on-design efficiency. Then, performance of these 5 selected designs are analysed analytically along a certain range of advance ratio. Finally, second stage scoring is performed to obtain 1 design with the best overall performance.
Aviation and Aircraft Engine Emissions at Juanda International Airport
Authors: Chilongola F D , Ahyudanari E
Published: October 2019

Aviation industry growth has increased continuously over the years. Air transport demand continues to increase due to the reliability, time saving and efficiency. Aviation industry has impact on environment as a source of pollutant emissions. The estimation of pollutant emissions at taxi/idle, approach, climb out and take off of Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NOx) at Juanda International Airport Indonesia was calculated using Advanced ICAO landing and take-off (LTO) cycle method. The CO2 emissions were 23.02 tons, 10.52 tons, 17.27 tons and 6.73 tons during taxi/idle, approach, climb out, take off respectively while NOx emissions were 0.03 tons, 0.03 tons, 0.12 tons and 0.06 tons for taxi/idle, approach, climb out and take-off respectively. Based on the results of the discussion it can be concluded that pollutant emissions and fuel consumption are positively related to amount of flight operation. The aircraft emissions affect the air quality around the vicinity of airport and lead to climate change.
On stabilizing hydraulic motion experiencing Stribeck friction via PI controller: Circle criterion approach
Authors: Tumbuan T P , Indrawanto  , Nurprasetio I P , Abidin Z
Published: October 2019

A Friction is inevitable in a hydraulic actuator due to the presence of seal. Unfortunately, the existence of friction makes the system prone to limit cycle oscillation as PI controller is applied. This research investigates the maximum integrator constant of PI controller that can be introduced to the system while maintaining global asymptotic stability in Lyapunov sense. This condition is achieved as the system complies with circle criterion. In this research, a simplified hydraulic system which behaves linearly is adopted. Thus, the only source of nonlinearity is the Stribeck friction. The main contribution of this research is a formulation of stable PI strategy that is free from the effect of inertia. The PI strategy is suitable for a hydraulic testing machine of which the mass of device under the test is varying.
Investigation of Aluminium and Copper Wound PMSM for Direct–drive Electric Vehicle Application
Authors: Dhulipati Himavarsha , Mukundan Shruthi , Chauvin Lucas , Riczu Christina , Edrisy Afsaneh , Kozdras Mark , Bauman Jennifer , Habibi Saeid , Tjong Jimi , Kar Narayan C.
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates aluminium and copper windings for a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) developed for direct–drive electric vehicle (EV) application. Previously, studies have been conducted on comparison of these windings in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity, cost and mass density. However, the impact of these windings on the machine’s performance in terms of efficiency and torque has not been analysed. In this paper, for the same machine volume and geometry, a comparative analysis of PMSMs with copper and aluminium windings has been performed in terms of efficiency, torque, weight, operating speed range, ohmic losses and temperatures. Furthermore, as these machines are developed for direct–drive EV application, drive–cycle-based analysis was conducted for urban and highway cycles for a 2013 Ford Focus vehicle dynamics model. For these drive cycles, analysis in terms of torque speed characteristics and maximum energy density efficiency for both the machines has been performed.