bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of the lipolytic activities of some fungi and lactobacillus species isolated from some Nigeria local foodstuff
Authors: Okoro C.U , Ajaba Mathias
Published: April 2021

This study is aimed at extracting lipase enzyme from three lactic acid bacteria and some fungi for a comparative study of their lipase activities. Lipase enzyme is useful in the degradation and detoxification of “bad”cholesterol in food and raw materials. In this study the submerged fermentation method was applied in the extraction of lipase from Lactobacillusplantarum, Lactobacilluscasei and Lactobacillus fermentumand the fungal isolates. Their corresponding lipase activity values were 1.2μmol/min/ml (Lactobacillusplantarum), 0.7μmol/min/ml(Lactobacilluscasei) and 1.9 μmol/min/ml (Lactobacillus fermentum). The fungi isolate namely G4 (Penicillium spp.), G5 (Rhizopus spp.), M3 (Aspergillus niger), M4 (Fusarium oxysporium) and M8 (Fusarium moniliforme), had the following corresponding lipase activity values: G4 (11.25 μmol/min/ml), G5 (2.92 μmol/min/ml), M3 (3.75 μmol/min/ml), M4 (2.92 μmol/min/ml) and M8 (6.25 μmol/min/ml). The result of the study indicates that microbial enzymes from fungi had better potentials as best sources of lipase degrading enzymes. The high level of lipase activity from fungi could be attributed to the fact that most fungi are spore formers and the multiplicity of spores could enhance increased lipase production. It is therefore recommended that researchers should source lipase enzymes both for environmental bioremediation and degradation of unhealthy fats in foodstuff from fungi species.Keywords: Lipase, fungi, Lactobacillus, degradation, fermentation
Internationalisation of Artisanal and Small Scale Mining in Ghana: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Agyei G.
Published: April 2021

The last few years have witnessed internationalisation of small scale mining in Ghana. The entry of migrant artisanal miners has brought losers and winners in the subsector, creating myriad of socio-political problems. However, official attempts to curb it have exacerbated the systemic problem of mineral governance. This paper analyses the emerging challenges and opportunities posed by the entrance of migrant miners into the country with insights into assumptions on resources and conflicts. It takes a closer look at the causes, effects and dynamics of confrontation and collaboration between migrant artisanal and small scale miners and their counterparts in the host nation. It argues that the current governance system of small scale mining based on national control over exploitation is anachronic and not well adapted to competitive, sustainable and fair management of mineral resources. In addition, it proposes a sustainable partnership to harness complimentary skills in order to avoid deepening the resources conflicts which have plagued the mining districts.  Keywords: Internationalisation, Artisanal, Small Scale Mining, Sustainability
Selecting Suitable Sites for Mine Waste Dumps Using GIS Techniques at Goldfields, Damang Mine
Authors: Suleman H. A. , Baffoe P. E.
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe selection of optimal sites for mine waste dumps is a significant problem associated with surface mines operations. A number of factors such as financial, environmental and safety requirements must be simultaneously considered to avoid potential losses. This research used the ModelBuilder tool and several GIS spatial analyst tools to select suitable sites for mine waste dump. The weighted overlay technique was adopted by first determining the necessary criteria and constraints and subsequently developing attributes for each criterion. The criteria used were grouped into a binary category of suitable and unsuitable. A total area of 17.01 km2 was determined as suitable, while 66.10 km2 was classified as unsuitable after overlaying and weighting all the criteria. Out of the suitable areas, an area of 13.62 km2 consisting of 21 sites were determined as optimal. Applying further constraints, 2 out of the 21 optimal sites were determined as the best sites. A step-wise model has been developed using ModelBuilder for selecting an economic but effective site for dumping mine waste using suitable constraints and criteria. This has facilitated the production of suitability maps generated from the various datasets being used for mine waste dump site selection. The final output map that best fits the criteria and constraints can be used by decision makers to set out the areas suitable for mine waste dump sites on the mine concession. The model could be applied as the standard model for selecting sites for mine waste dumps, since there is no standard model available at the moment.    Keywords: ModelBuilder, GIS, Constraints, Waste Dumps, Weighted Overlay
An Economic Evaluation of the Loye Quarry of Atiwa Quarries Limited
Authors: Mireku-Gyimah D. , Owusu Ansah N. K.
Published: April 2021

Atiwa Quarries Limited (AQL) is one of the large operating granite quarries in the Central Region of Ghana. AQL’s current production of 24 000 m3 of aggregates per month cannot meet current demand let alone support a new contract to supply 25 000 m3 of aggregates per month for a major road infrastructure project. Fortunately, AQL has another granite concession at Loye, about 3 km from the first concession, with estimated granite reserves of 6 286 208 m3, which can be developed as a new quarry to meet the demand of the new contract. This will require capital to build infrastructure, purchase equipment, recruit labour and provide working capital. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the economic viability of the new quarry, considering it as a stand-alone project. The yearly revenue was estimated based on projected production of 25 000 m3/month and average price of US$ 15.63/m3.  Capital and operating costs were estimated using detailed cost estimation method based on quotations from equipment suppliers and operational unit costs of AQL. It turns out that AQL can generate yearly gross revenue of US 4.69 million but requires total capital of US$ 3.67 million; the yearly operating cost is US$ 1.72 million.  Cash flow and sensitivity analyses using Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) as criteria, and risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation method were carried out. The economic analysis indicates that based on AQL’s preferred capital structure of 80% equity and 20% loan, the NPV is $ 5.17 million and the IRR is 53.01%, showing the new quarry is profitable; the sensitivity analysis indicates that the project can withstand up to 40% drop in revenue, or over 60% increase in capital or operating cost. The risk profile indicates a probability of success of 98.2%. The study therefore recommends that AQL invests in the new quarry as it is economically viable. Keywords: Granite Quarry, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Sensitivity Analysis, Risk Analysis
Assessment of the Challenges in Policy Implementation in the Small Scale Gold Mining Sector in Ghana – A Case Study
Authors: Eshun P. Arroja , Okyere E.
Published: April 2021

In recent times, stakeholders in the mining sector have expressed concerns about the environmental degradation and the social impacts of uncontrolled Small Scale Mining (SSM) activities in Ghana despite the existence of legislative instruments that define the procedures required for the acquisition of licences and operations of SSM activities in the country. This paper assesses the challenges in policy implementation in the small scale gold mining sector of Ghana by reviewing policies on regularisation and environmental management. It further identifies challenges faced by small scale mining operators in adhering to laid down policies for the smooth operation of the sector and furthermore assesses the views of some principal stakeholders on the benefits and challenges of small scale mining using the Dunkwa mining district as a test case. The methods employed include: field visits to some  small scale mining sites within the Dunkwa mining district; interviews and questionnaire administration; and statistical and content analysis of data. The study reveals the following factors, among others, to have contributed largely to the difficulty in regularisation, environmental and social challenges that have plagued the SSM sector: low level of education of majority of miners; bureaucracies and centralisation of licence acquisition processes; lack of sources of finance for SSM projects; lack of geological information on mineable areas; and lack of adequate knowledge of the laws and regulations on mining and environment. In addressing the challenges the following recommendations are made: decentralisation of the regularisation processes to simplify licence acquisition; adequate geological investigations should be undertaken on SSM blocked-out areas to reduce the try and error mining approach adopted by miners; and continuous education and training of miners on good mining and environmental practices. Keywords: Small Scale Mining, Mineral Policies, Environmental Impact, Regularisation, Challenges
Application of Microwave Energy for Production of Iron Nuggets from the Pudo Iron Ore using ‘Pito’ Waste and its Blend with HDPE as Reductant
Authors: Aakyiir M. N. , Dankwah J. R.
Published: April 2021

The local steel industry is currently facing stiff competition from South East Asia and elsewhere for high grade scrap iron, culminating in a ban by central Government on the export of ferrous scrap. In this work we investigate the potential for producing high grade iron nuggets from the Pudo iron ore in the Upper West Region of Ghana, using carbonaceous materials generated from locally available ‘pito’ waste and its blend with high density polyethylene (HDPE) as reductant. Composite pellets of the ore containing various blends of uncharred ‘pito’ and charred ‘pito’ waste with HDPE were irradiated in a domestic microwave oven and the extent of reduction was determined after 40 min of irradiation. It was observed that highly carburised premium grade iron nuggets can be produced from the Pudo iron ore using ‘pito’ waste (both charred and uncharred) and its blends with HDPE as reductant. The measured extent of reduction ranged from about 47 % to about 96 %, suggesting that the Pudo iron ore is a potential source of iron from which premium grade metallic iron can be produced commercially to feed the local steel industry. From the point of view of chemical reactivity, it appears the effect of hydrogen is more pronounced than the amount of fixed carbon in the ‘pito’ waste and this effect was felt in all the HDPE-‘pito’ waste blends utilised for the investigation. Accordingly dry ‘pito’ waste may be used directly with HDPE as reductant without the need to char the biomass.    Keywords: Reduction, Pudo Iron Ore, Waste Biomass, Pito Waste, Extent of Reduction
Optimising Shovel-Truck Fuel Consumption using Stochastic Simulation
Authors: Dumakor N. K. , Temeng V. A. , Bansah K. J.
Published: April 2021

Stochastic simulation was conducted to analyse the fuel consumption of a shovel-truck system. An example shovel-truck system, comprising a single shovel and four trucks was considered. At 95% confidence interval, the monthly simulated fuel consumption by the shovel-truck system was found to be about 198 127 litres against the actual fuel consumption of 203 772 litres, registering a variance of -2.70%. About 22 000 litres of fuel was consumed per month due to truck waiting. Optimising the fuel consumption and truck waiting time can result in significant fuel savings. The paper demonstrates that stochastic simulation is an effective tool for optimising the utilisation of fossil-based fuels in mining and related industries. Keywords: Stochastic, Simulation Modelling, Mining, Optimisation, Shovel-Truck Material Handling
Performance Evaluation for Mean Sea Level Prediction using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Boye Cynthia Borkai , Amoah Valentine Ikechukwu
Published: April 2021

Mean sea level (MSL) has been used as a vertical datum for geodetic levelling and mapping in most countries all over the world. This is because the MSL approximates the geoid and serves as a realist reference surface that could be determined mostly through tide measurements over a period of time. However, sea levels have been rising over the years due to global warming and its associated climate change which continuous to melt ice sheets around the Polar Regions. This phenomenon is likely to affect the reliability of MSL, thus it is important to determine the local MSL at regular time periods. This study assessed the performance of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) models in predicting the MSL. Tide gauge records from the Takoradi Harbour of Ghana were used in the study. Monthly maximum, minimum and mean tidal values were derived from the secondary data and used for both model formulation and model testing. A comparative analysis of both models showed that the ANN model performed better than the MARS model. A Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0359 m was obtained for the ANN model, whereas 0.0555 m was obtained for the MARS model. Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 3.1414% was obtained for the ANN model and whereas the MARS model yielded 5.6349%. A Mean Absolute Error (MAE) for the ANN model was 0.0284 m as against 0.0446 m for the MARS model. Correlation coefficient values of 0.9720 and 0.8874 were obtained for the ANN model and the MARS model respectively. An optimum ANN structure was found to be ANN 2-11-1. Based on the outcome of this study, it is recommended that ANN model should be adopted for forecasting local mean sea level for the study area. Keywords: Mean Sea Level, Artificial Neural Network, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline
Crime scene evidence collection as a Virtual Reality use case
Authors: Mills Jeffrey , Dwyer Tabitha , Ablanedo Jennie , Griffith Tamara , Collins Elwin , Acker Ron
Published: April 2021

"Virtual Reality (VR) is an interface strategy that completely immerses the user into a virtual environment. Users with head mounted displays (HMD) see and hear the immersive space as if they are no longer in the real world. Instead they are fully wrapped in the surroundings of the virtual space. While VR has been around for many years, recent advances in commercial technology have provided a surge of costeffective devices to mainstream end-users. With this surge in hardware availability, software developers have been exploring ways to make use of VR to design engaging training experiences. This paper describes the creation of a VR simulation to train the investigative mindset relative to evidence collection tasks at a crime scene. Spatial orientation within a crime scene is critical to understand blood splatter, munitions trajectory and to conceptually re-create events in the crime scene. This paper will explain the challenges and solutions of developing this VR experience. Finally, the paper will provide lessons learned and recommended future development involving this VR training application."
"Model and simulation of a real water distribution network to support emergency plans"
Authors: Lavalle Luisa , Patriarca Tatiana , Daulne Bernard , Hautier Olivier , Ciancamerla Ester
Published: April 2021

"This paper presents a water distribution network model to evaluate the impact of adverse events, such as faults and/or cyber-attacks, on a real water distribution system in a wider context which involves the interdependency with the electrical grid, in the frame of the Horizon 2020 project ATENA. The model has been developed by using a commercial simulator, which can address both the electrical and the water domain. Specific features and modules have been added to the simulator, in order to calculate the water level in tanks – an important and missing metric to support emergency plans. The interdependency among the electricity grid and the water network is considered throughout pumps, which are at the same time electrical loads and hydraulic devices. Two use cases, dealing with faults or cyber-attacks against the electrical grid affecting critical pumps or treatment stations, are investigated and the simulation results are reported."
Indonesian Voting from Abroad: Highly Educated Citizen Participation in the 2019 Election at Tokyo Polling Station
Authors: Pujiatin Sri Endah
Published: April 2021

The political rights of Indonesian citizens living abroad have been guaranteed by law since 1953 and implemented by a joint committee between the General Election Commission and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. As a developing country with increasing democracy, Indonesia’s external voting needs to be studied. Using the qualitative analysis of macro data and questionnaire survey in Tokyo, this study addresses the following questions: How is the implementation of external voting by the Indonesian government? How is the voter? How does the registration, administration, voting facilitation, and voting method influence voter participation in home country elections? The findings suggest that the government provides many resources to facilitate external voting. Nevertheless, survey results revealed that some facilitation was inadequate compare to the number of voters. Although highly educated citizens tend to have a high awareness of home country elections, problems in voting facilitation might prevent them from voting.
Transmigration as a Strategy for Strengthening National Food Security
Authors: Wedar Haryagung Adji Mas , Yulianti Santi , Tresnaningrum Syifaa , Gustina Norrista Erna
Published: April 2021

Indonesia is one of the largest agricultural countries in Southeast Asia, but it is also struggling with food security issues. The government's challenge is to ensure that domestic food needs are fulfilled. The covid-19 pandemic exacerbated this challenge, where countries faced the threat of food shortages due to limited movement of goods. Thus, Indonesia should focus on increasing the production and productivity of strategic food commodities. One of the alternative solutions is through the transmigration program. This research focused on how the transmigration program can contribute to food security. The study was carried out through a descriptive qualitative method. The result shows that transmigration contributes to food security because of its similarity to the food production process. However, this program faces five main challenges to support food security. Therefore, this study shows several pre-conditions that the government needs to fulfill to overcome these challenges.
The Impact of Tariff Reduction on Poverty in Indonesia: Regional Level Analysis
Authors: Aulia Rizka , Lee Kangkook
Published: April 2021

The study examines the effect of trade liberalization on poverty reduction across districts in Indonesia during the period from 2000 to 2016 using the fixed effect approach. Tariff exposure is used to measure trade liberalization, which is computed at the district level by combining information on sector composition of the economy in each district and tariff lines by sectors. This study also distinguishes between tariff exposure for output products and intermediate inputs. This produces a measure indicating how changes in exposure to tariff reductions in outputs and inputs vary by region over the period. Due to the available multi-district and 17-year dataset, the study includes a set of fixed effects: the district-fixed effects and the time-fixed effects, which controls for aggregate time trend. The results indicate that the impact of output and input tariff on regional poverty headcount index (P0) is different. Output tariff has a negative correlation with poverty, while input tariff has a positive correlation with poverty. This suggests that trade liberalization in input sectors could reduce poverty in Indonesia. It is also found that GRDP per capita, literacy rates, and road length are negatively associated with poverty. Also, the effect of reducing input tariffs on poverty reduction will be larger if the districts have higher GRDP per capita and higher literacy rates.
Redes de mulheres feirantes no Sertão Baiano
Authors: Rocha Patrícia Quirino , Vargas Maria Augusta Mundim
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo propõe-se a compreender as territorialidades de mulheres feirantes da feira de Euclides da Cunha/BA. As mulheres estão e são feirantes como resultado de conflitos travados desde o ambiente doméstico até os locais públicos: a feira. Observamos as práticas, os saberes e os vínculos das feirantes com os produtos de suas barracas, de forma a identificar como essas conexões revelam pertencimento ao sertão. A percepção, ancorada na fenomenologia existencial de Merleau-Ponty (1999) e nos sentidos corporais sinalizados por Tuan (1983), foi o caminho pelo qual buscamos compreender o mundo vivido das mulheres feirantes. Concebemos a feira como território perpassado por redes, que conectam feirantes, fregueses e produtos, numa dinamicidade que abrange relações de poder símbolicas e concretas. Na feira, as relações mercadológicas não são as únicas, para além destas, há relações de sociabilidade, confiança e amizade, ambas construtoras das territorialidades que marcam os sentidos de “ser mulher” e “ser feirante”.
Software Testing or The Bugs’ Nightmare
Authors: Menendez Hector David
Published: April 2021

Software development is not error-free. For decades, bugs –including physical ones– have become a significant development problem requiring major maintenance efforts. Even in some cases, solving bugs led to increment them. One of the main reasons for bug’s prominence is their ability to hide. Finding them is difficult and costly in terms of time and resources. However, software testing made significant progress identifying them by using different strategies that combine knowledge from every single part of the program. This paper humbly reviews some different approaches from software testing that discover bugs automatically and presents some different state-of-the-art methods and tools currently used in this area. It covers three testing strategies: search-based methods, symbolic execution, and fuzzers. It also provides some income about the application of diversity in these areas, and common and future challenges on automatic test generation that still need to be addressed.
AESTHETIC PROPERTIES OF COMIC
Authors: Shokhobutdinova Dilnoza
Published: April 2021

В статье анализируется лингвистические теории комического, которые помогают выявить механизмы восприятия комической информации cтруктуры знаний, задействованные в юмористических актах функции комического и языковые средства его реализации, а также освещаются те проявления феномена комического, которые еще не были достаточно изучены.
NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPT OF "MONEY" IN THE VIEW OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE WORLD
Authors: Xudayarova Leninza
Published: April 2021

Мазкур мақолада «пул» тушунчасининг лингвомаданий хусусиятлари, айрим жахон этнопсихологларнинг француз халкининг молиявий хаётга бўлган муносабати хакидаги фикрлари, миллий маданияти акс этган.
LINGUISTIC CLASSIFICATION OF ANTHROPONYMS AND TOPONYMS IN BOBURNOMA
Authors: Muminova Muxtasar
Published: April 2021

Таржима илми ва амалиётида ўгириш қийин бўлган сўзлар бир талай. Уларнинг асосийлари миллий ўзига хос сўзлар бўлиб, халқаро терминда реалиялар дейилади. Бу муаммоларнинг ечими, уларнинг таснифи ва тавсифи таржима назариясида ўрганилмоқда. Умумий қонун-қоидалар билан бирга ҳар бир тил жуфтлигида махсус қоидалар ишлаб чиқилмоғи лозим. Чет тиллардан ўзбек тилига ўгирилаётган асарларда ана шу муаммолар ҳанузгача таржимонлар ва муҳаррирларнинг бошини қотириб келмоқда. Ушбу мақолада асосан бошқа тиллардаги атоқли отлар тоифасига кирувчи киши номлари таржимаси ва ўзбек тилида ёзилиши ҳақида фикр юритамиз.
Yaşlı Bireyin Bakımında Hemşirelik Yetkinliğinin Arttırılmasına Yönelik Eğitim Yöntemleri: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: YAMAN Rabia , ŞENDİR Merdiye
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu sistematik inceleme, yaşlı bireylerin bakımında hemşirelik yetkinliğinin arttırılmasına yönelik kullanılan eğitim yöntemlerinin sonuçlarını değerlendiren çalışmaları sistematik olarak incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmanın evrenini Mart-Ekim 2020 tarihlerinde Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi elektronik veri tabanları, “Türk Tıp Dizini”, “ULAKBİM”, “Pubmed”, “Google Scholar”, “Science Direct”, “Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissestations” taranarak ulaşılan 350 makale oluşturmuştur. İncelemede “simülasyon”, “hemşirelik” ve “yaşlı birey” anahtar kelimeleriyle Türkçe ve İngilizce olarak son on yılda yayınlanmış (2010-2020), yayın dili Türkçe ya da İngilizce olan, tam metni bulunan makaleler seçilmiştir. Bu makalelerden araştırma kriterlerini karşılayan toplam 17 makale incelemenin örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Bulgular: Yaşlı bireylerin bakımında hemşirelik yetkinliğinin arttırılmasına yönelik kullanılan eğitim yöntemlerine ilişkin çalışmaların sistematik incelemesinde araştırmaya dahil edilen 2 çalışmanın örneklemini klinik/çalışan hemşireler, 15 çalışmanın örneklemini ise hemşirelik öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Klinik hemşireler ile yapılan çalışmalarda hemşirelerin yaşlı bireylere yönelik bakım kalitesinin, tutum ve istekliliklerinin arttığı saptanırken, öğrenciler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda ise bilgi, beceri, tutum, farkındalık, empati, bakım motivasyonu ve klinik karar verme becerilerinin arttığı saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Hemşirelere yönelik olarak hizmet içi eğitim programları içerisinde simülasyon temelli eğitimlerin gerçekleştirilmesi, yaşlı bireylere yönelik bakım becerilerinin ve yetkinliklerinin güçlendirilmesinde ve bakım maliyetinin en aza indirilmesinin sağlanmasında etkili olduğu görülmektedir.
PRODUCCIÓN DE BIOGÁS A PARTIR DE LAS AGUAS RESIDUALES DE CAFÉ INSTANTÁNEO
Authors: Garcia Cabrera Juan Miguel , Córdova Mosquera Rosa Alexandra
Published: April 2021

Este trabajo de investigación tuvo como propósito evidenciar la producción de biogás generado por medio de una digestión anaerobia de las aguas residuales producidas por la industria procesadora de café instantáneo, ya que debido a la elaboración de este producto se obtienen altos volúmenes de aguas residuales, encontrando en su composición compuestos recalcitrantes. Una de las posibles alternativas en el tratamiento de efluentes recalcitrantes es la aplicación de procesos oxidativos avanzados (POA), influyendo en la disminución de la demanda química de oxígeno (DQO) y del carbono orgánico total; siendo valorado el sustrato del agua residual sintética de café instantáneo mediante el potencial bioquímico del metano (BMP) como principal componente en la generación de biogás. Se caracterizó el inoculo en función de los sólidos volátiles suspendidos, El potencial Bioquímico de metano se realizó a temperatura mesofílica y Termofílica (35 ºC y 55 ºC) con cargas orgánicas de 0,1; 0,2; 0,35 y 0,5 gDQO/gSSV con la presencia de taninos y en cargas orgánicas de  0,2 y 0,35 gDQO/gSSV con remoción de taninos, ambas durante un periodo de 25 días;  el agua residual de café instantáneo utilizada presentó  concentraciones de DQO que oscilaron entre  ≥4000 mg/L y ≥4478 mg/L, aplicando un inóculo procedente de un reactor anaerobio de la industria de pescado EUROFISH. Los procesos fueron monitoreados a través de parámetros como DQO, DBO, SSV, pH, temperatura y rendimiento de metano, mostrando comportamientos diferentes en la degradación de la materia orgánica acorde a las cargas aplicadas.
VALORACIÓN DASOMÉTRICA DE UNA PLANTACIÓN DE Tectona grandis L. f. EN EL CANTÓN BALZAR, PROVINCIA DEL GUAYAS
Authors: Cabrera Verdesoto Cesar Alberto , Osejos Carvajal José Miguel , Ramos Rodriguez Marco Pedro , Jiménez Gonzalez Alfredo , Buste Ponce Yovanny Ramón
Published: April 2021

En la  presente investigación se realizó la  valoración dasométrica de una plantación de Tectona grandis L.f. ubicada en la provincia del Guayas, cantón de Balzar, hacienda La Sabana Forestal 1. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos se determinó que el diámetro desarrollado es 9.55 cm,  en el periodo 2015.m. La altura lograda tiene un promedio de 8,49 m de altura, el incremento medio anual de volumen comercial (m3) por hectárea de la plantación forestal de teca es de 7,68 m3/ha/año, en el periodo 2015. El incremento medio anual del diámetro el  resultado fue de 2,73 cm/año, el incremento medio anual altura se obtuvo 2,43 m/año. El incremento medio anual en volumen los resultados obtenidos utilizando el coeficiente general de factor de forma para madera en trozas de 0,5 fue de 6,40 m3/ha/año,  y utilizando el coeficiente para Tectona grandis,  madera en pie factor de forma  0,6 se obtuvo como resultado 7.68 m3/ha/año.  El ICA se lo realizo entre el periodo de los años 2014 y 2015, de lo que se obtuvo los siguientes resultados: el incremento corriente anual del diámetro fue de 2,43 cm., el incremento corriente anual de  la altura total fue de 1.73 m., el incremento corriente anual correspondiente al volumen con coeficientes general de factor de forma para madera en trozas de 0,5 se obtuvo como resultado  12,30 m3/ha/año,  utilizando el coeficiente para Tectona grandis, madera en pie  0,6 se obtuvo  como resultado 14,76 m3/ha/año.
BRECHA DIGITAL Y SU IMPACTO EN LA EDUCACIÓN A DISTANCIA
Authors: Pita Salazar Raquel Azucena , Cevallos Flores Shayla Ayllin , Maldonado Zuñiga Kirenia
Published: April 2021

Esta investigación se llevó a cabo para presentar  la existencia de la brecha digital y le educación en línea, uno de los  temas más recientes en la actualidad, la importancia de este trabajo fue  conocer sobre su impacto en la sociedad actual y de esta manera obtener conocimientos claros y concretos acerca de la educación digital existente en nuestro país, también constituye un análisis descriptivo de los principales beneficios e inconvenientes  que generan las tecnologías de información y comunicación, de igual modo se aborda todo lo relacionado a la brecha digital, es decir el espacio que existe entre aquellos que poseen mayores accesos a las tecnologías y los que no lo tienen, así como también, los diferentes causas y consecuencias  de la  misma. El  objetivo  de esta investigación, es diagnosticar la situación actual del país, en materia de tecnologías, información y cultura digital, para determinar las necesidades que tiene, compuesta por distintos estratos sociales y culturales, mediante un estudio, basado en análisis de  investigación aplicadas a la educación en línea, que conllevan a una profunda reflexión acerca de la transición al conocimiento digital, y las falencias y obstáculos con los que se encuentran a la hora de hacer uso del mismo. Como conclusiones principales, se destaca la importancia de promover  el acceso a las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación, no solo, a través de la dotación de equipamiento y conectividad sino por medio de la capacitaciones tecnológicas, convencidos que el aprendizaje tecnológico es esencial para el desarrollo del país.
LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA AUDITORIA DE GESTIÓN Y LOS PROCESOS ADMINISTRATIVOS Y TÉCNICOS, REALIDADES Y PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Zambrano Rodríguez Gregory Manuel , Álvarez Pincay Dewis Edwin , Yoza Rodríguez Narciso Roberto
Published: April 2021

La complejidad de los problemas de administración y dirección de las empresas ha requerido del desarrollo de técnicas y de procedimientos para la investigación y el análisis del proceso administrativo en que la auditoría y el control de gestión proporcionan un análisis en profundidad de las organizaciones. En ese sentido, el objetivo principal es determinar la importancia de la auditoría de gestión en las empresas con respecto a sus realidades y perspectivas. Como resultado de la investigación se realizó un estudio sobre lo que conlleva a una auditoria de gestión, sus clasificaciones al igual que los indicadores de gestión que ayudan a identificar el cumplimiento de las mestas y objetivos en términos de eficacia, eficiencia y calidad de los productos o servicios que ofrece una empresa. Es importante mencionar la metodología que se empleó para este fin en las cuales destacan la descripción y revisión bibliográfica de la conceptualización, etapas y técnicas de una auditoría de gestión En conclusión, la auditoría de gestión es importante en el sostenimiento de las empresas porque ayuda a verificar el cumplimiento de los objetivos y metas institucionales; siendo relevante ya que permite la utilización de materiales, métodos y técnicas para el proceso de evaluación del área auditada objeto de estudio, los resultados obtenidos ayudarán a los funcionarios en las áreas administrativas y técnicas a dar a conocer su gestión institucional, y podrán tomar las decisiones correctivas necesarias para brindar excelencia y calidad a los clientes
AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DO USO DE PINHÃO MANSO PARA A GERAÇÃO DE BIOCOMBUSTÍVEIS
Authors: Zambrano Gavilanes Freddy , Souza Andrade Diva , Rodrigues Silva Helder , García Cruzatti Luz , Cedeño Palacios Carlos
Published: April 2021

O pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) tem-se apresentado como uma oleaginosa importante, com aplicações medicinais e industriais. Assim o trabalho aqui apresentado teve como principal objetivo avaliar o potencial do uso de pinhão manso para a geração de biocombustíveis. A Jatropha tem relevância especialmente para o desenvolvimento da bioenergia, pela percentagem de óleo em suas sementes que pode variar de 40-60%, servindo para a fabricação de biodiesel. As cascas de seus frutos podem ser consideradas para a produção de etanol por seu alto conteúdo de celulose. A torta, que fica depois da extração de óleo, é um resíduo sólido rico em nutrientes e proteínas mas limitada, pois possui vários fatores anti-nutricionais e tóxicos como os ésteres de forbol, mas com enorme potencial para a geração de biogás. Embora existam tecnologias para o desenvolvimento dos usos industriais desta espécie, não existe suficiente quantidade de produção dos frutos  por planta e gente que se motive a plantar e colher, para suprir a demanda necessária e ser uma cultura altamente lucrativa.
CARACTERISTICAS SENSORIALES DE UN EMBUTIDO AHUMADO A PARTIR DE DIFERENTES FORMULACIONES
Authors: Altamirano Rodriguez Danny , Zambrano-Arauz Carlina Daniela , Zambrano-Arteaga Ramón Ignacio , Arteaga-Solórzano Rudyard Antonio
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar las características sensoriales de un embutido (longaniza ahumada) a partir de diferentes formulaciones, se establecieron dos formulaciones (Tratamiento menor; Tratamiento mayor) y se utilizó como testigo una longaniza ahumada de tipo artesanal. Se evaluaron los atributos sensoriales  de: (Apariencia, Sabor, Textura, Olor y Calidad General) para lo cual se empleó una prueba hedónica de puntos mediante un panel sensorial con catadores no entrenados. Los datos fueron evaluados estadísticamente mediante Shapiro wilk, ANOVA y Análisis no Paramétrico de Kruskal Wallis al 5% de significación. Los resultados demostraron que el Tratamiento mayor tuvo igual característica organoléptica que el Testigo en el atributo textura p-valor<0,05 mientras que los demás atributos no tuvieron significancia estadística p-valor˃0,05. Se establece que la formulación Tratamiento mayor es de igual característica sensorial con la longaniza artesanal en cuanto a la textura, la misma que  puede ser empleada para dimensionar su proceso de elaboración a otra escala.
APOYO INTERSECTORIAL EN VIGILANCIA EPIDEMIOLÓGICA (DENGUE, CHIKUNGUNYA Y SIKA) Y ACTIVIDADES DE ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA EN SALUD, EN EL CANTÓN JIPIJAPA
Authors: Villacreses Veliz Elvira , Fuentes Aguilera Javier Andrés , Fuentes Figueroa Tomás Robert , Pincay Pin Virginia Esmeralda
Published: April 2021

En el Ecuador el control vectorial y promoción de la salud está orientada a fortalecer la participación comunitaria y mantener un entorno saludable, libre de criaderos del mosquito Aedes aegypti y Aedes albopictus.  La Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí en su rol con la sociedad, sustentado en el proyecto de vinculación “apoyo intersectorial para la prevención y control vectorial: dengue, chikungunya y zika en el cantón Jipijapa”, en interrelación con el distrito de salud 13D03, realiza acciones de vigilancia epidemiológica mediante visitas domiciliarias, destrucción de criaderos de mosquito, mingas barriales, limpieza de reservorios, abatización, educación intradomiciliaria. El objetivo es determinar la respuesta al apoyo intersectorial en vigilancia epidemiológica (dengue, chikungunya y zika) y actividades de atención primaria en salud, en el cantón jipijapa. La investigación fue no experimental, se utilizó el método descriptivo, de campo, aplicando un instrumento de recolección de información a 18.753 viviendas de las parroquias urbanas y rurales del cantón Jipijapa. Se inspeccionaron 16.646 viviendas en las parroquias urbanas de Jipijapa, de las cuales se constata que 4.487 viviendas poseen larvas en los reservorios; definiéndose el 27,3% en la parroquia urbana San Lorenzo, el 22,4% en la parroquia urbana Morán Lucio y el 19% en la parroquia urbana Parrales Y Guale. En las parroquias rurales se inspeccionaron 2.107 viviendas en las cuales 977 viviendas presentan larvas en los reservorios de agua, definiéndose el 65,7% en la parroquia rural El Anegado; el 31% en la parroquia rural La América y el 28,9% en la parroquia rural Julcuy.
“He dwells alone:” The Image of Completeness in the Self in Cowper’s “The Snail”
Authors: Das Biswarup
Published: April 2021

Abstract Following the critical lines of Psychoanalysis and Existentialism, the present study aims at conveying how William Cowper, the much acclaimed English poet of the 18th century, presents in his 1799 poem “The Snail” the image of an individual possessing completeness in the self. Not only is Cowper’s snail content with life in seclusion, but also abhors the intrusion of an outsider in its private domain. The article aims at investigating how the snail’s world of completeness bears both the somatic and the psychic dimensions and also how the creature exists in that world narcissistically. Concomitantly, the article would probe into the association between the world of the snail and the poet’s longing to attain sufficiency in the self at a time he is left alone. It would be conveyed how the snail of the poem embodies the poet’s projected self in its idealised form, something which following the French psychoanalyst, Jacques Lacan can be called the poet’s “ideal ego,” than an insignificant creature engrossed merely in nourishment on vegetation. Keywords: Cowper, completeness, private world, self, The Snail.
KESAHIHAN QIRĀ’AT DALAM PANDANGAN AL-ZAMAKHSYARI
Authors: Humam Abdul Wadud Kasful
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini menyoal bagaimana ukuran kesahihan qirâ’at al-Qur’an dalam pandangan al-Zamakhsyari sebagai tokoh rasionalis Mutazilah yang sangat fanatik terhadap premis mazhabnya. Namun dalam artikel ini, hanya akan dipaparkan tentang fanatisme al-Zamakhsyari terhadap mazhab nahwunya yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap pandangannya tentang kesahihan qirâ’at. Bagi al-Zamakhsyari, tidak ada istilah bacaan kanonik (qirâ’at mutawatirah) karena qirâ’at menurutnya adalah inferensi dan hasil ijtihad para qurra’, bukan dari Rasulullah melalui mata rantai periwayatan (asanid) yang independen dan otoritatif. Pandangan tersebut berdampak pada kebiasaan al-Zamakhsyari untuk menyalahkan dan menganggap tidak benar sebagian qira’at, mencela dan menganggap para rawi sebagai orang yang tidak mengetahui keindahan dan keagungan susunan kalimat al-Qur’an, mengunggulkan, memilih dan memilah sebagian qira’at dan mengklaim salah para sarjana qirâ’at, baik itu dari kalangan sahabat maupun tokoh-tokoh qirâ’at pasca sahabat.
 
Kata Kunci: Kesahihan qirâ’at, bacaan-bacaan kanonik, mazhab kebahasaan
KISAH NABI ADAM ALAYHI AL-SALĀM DALAM AL-QUR'AN
Authors: Najib Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Kisah nabi Adam Alayhi al-Salâm dituturkan dalam fragmen-fragmen yang tersebar di berbagai surat. Masing-masing fragmen dituturkan dalam konteks wacana, style bahasa, dan sifat keluasan cerita yang berbeda. Kajian ini mencoba mengupas tentang kisah nabi Adam AS dalam perspektif Al-Qur’an sendiri, secara kronologis peristiwanya sesuai dengan yang dituturkan dalam Al-Qur’an.
Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan tafsir mawdhû’iy atau tafsir tematik. Dalam tafsir mawdhû’iy berbagai ayat yang berkaitan dengan tema yang diambil dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisa dari berbagai aspeknya, baik dari segi asbâb al-nuzûl, munâsabah, analisis kebahasaan, untuk membentuk pandangan yang padu tentang suatu tema.
Hasil kajian menunjukkan kisah Adam dituturkan dalam 7 surat, yaitu Shād, al-`A’rāf, Thaha, al-Isrā`, al-Hijr, al-Kahf dan al-Baqarah. Semuanya berupa surat makkiyah kecuali al-Baqarah yang berupa surat madaniyah. Masing-masing surat menuturkan fragmen kisah Adam Alayhi al-Salâm dengan style bahasa dan titik tekan cerita yang berbeda sesuai dengan konteks penceritaan pada surat tersebut. Masing-masing fragmen saling melengkapi dan menjelaskan serta membentuk kisah yang utuh tentang Adam Alayhi al-Salâm.
 
Key word: Adam As, tafsir mawdhû’iy, kisah, Al-Qur’an.
PENAFSIRAN AL-QUR`AN KH. IHSAN JAMPES; STUDI INTERTEKSTUALITAS DALAM KITAB SIRĀJ AL-ṬĀLIBĪN
Authors: Arifin Mochammad , Asif Mohammad
Published: April 2021

Kiai Ihsan dikenal spesialis ulama di bidang tasawuf, namun selama ini tidak ada yang menyangka bahwa dirinya juga merupakan mufasir yang kompeten. Hal itu dapat dibuktikan dalam karya serialnya yang berjudul Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn, sebuah kitab tasawuf yang mengomentari kitab Minhāj al-‘Ābidīn karya al-Ghazālī. Penafsiran seringkali dilakukan oleh kiai Ihsan melalui penggalan ayat-ayat al-Qur`an yang disitir dari Minhāj al-‘Ābidīn. Penggalan ayat-ayat itu secara keseluruhan berjumlah 259, dengan rincian 79 di jilid pertama, dan 180 di jilid kedua. Kemudian penggalan ayat-ayat al-Qur`an dari Minhāj al-‘Ābidīn ia tarik ke dalam Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn untuk ditafsirkan. Di dalam Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn banyak ditemukan penafsiran-penafsiran yang sangat khas. Tulisan ini akan berpijak pada pendekatan teori intertekstual yang biasa diterapkan dalam dunia sastra. Interteks dianggap menjadi landasan analisis yang tepat terhadap sebuah hasil penafsiran yang diklaim terpengaruh (baca: mengutip) oleh khazanah literatur ulama terdahulu. Berdasarkan temuan penulis ada sembilas belas sumber rujukan yang digunakan oleh kiai Ihsan dalam menafsirkan potongan ayat-ayat al-Qur`an di dalam Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn, yang terdiri dari 10 kitab tafsir, 3 kitab tasawuf, 2 mu’jam, 1 kitab Ulum al-Qur’an serta 3 kitab yang belum diketahui secara pasti. Tafsīr alKhāzin menempati urutan terbanyak, dirujuk dirujuk 113 kali. Yang menarik, Tafsīr alJalālayn yang dianggap merupakan kitab tafsir paling populer di dunia pesantren justru menempati urutan ketiga.Kata kunci: Kiai Ihsan, Sumber-Sumber, Intertektualitas Penafsiran, dan Sirāj al-Ṭālibīn
PENERAPAN TEORI NASKH TERHADAP AYAT-AYAT JIHĀD (Studi Komparatif antara Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūti dan Mahmūd Muhammad Ṭaha)
Authors: Ridlo Mokhamad Ali , Maimoen Abdul Ghofur
Published: April 2021

Pembacaan akan teori naskh kembali menjadi dilematis, ketika para pembaharu Islam seperti Ṭaha mencoba merekontruksi konsep konvensional yang digagas al-Suyūṭi. Usaha tersebut sangat mungkin didasarkan atas asumsi teori naskh konvensional tidak lagi mampu melahirkan hukum Islam yang relevan dengan konteks budaya kontemporer saat ini. Bukan tidak mungkin, teori naskh mampu mempengaruhi cara berfikir umat Islam, terlebih bagi pihak yang memahami jihād sebagai gerakan ofensif. Kajian ini mencoba mengkomparasikan teori naskh yang diusung oleh al- Suyūṭi dan Ṭaha dan kemudian menjadikan format baru, dengan mengambil keunggulan dan meligitimasi kekurangannya. Selanjutnya, diterapkan terhadap ayat-ayat jihād. Melalui bingkai pemahaman terhadap fase diwajibkan jihād, kajian asbāb al-nuzūl serta teori-teori dalam studi al-Qur'an akan menghasilkan pemahaman yang tidak setimpang dan lebih komprehensif terkhusus dalam konteks jihād.Key words: naskh, al- Suyūṭi, Ṭaha, jihād.
SEMANTIK AL-QUR’AN : ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN KATA LIBĀS PRA DAN PASCA QUR`ANIK
Authors: ‘Azzah Nurin Taufiqotuzzahro’
Published: April 2021

This study sought to analyze the use of the word libās in the Qur'an. Besides plays as concepts related to everyday life, the concept of clothing in the word libās yet fully revealed. Many thought that libās in the Qur'an only have meaning as clothing. In fact, the word libās in the Qur'an includes of several meanings. Besides, the word libās be an interesting keyword to be studied in linguistic studies, especially using semantic analysis, hope, it can appearing the dynamic messages from The Koran vocabularies which is containing inside by examining analytically toward the concepts which seems to play an important role in the formation of Qur'anic vision. This paper concludes that the basic meaning of libās is wearing, and satara (covering). While the relational meaning that once covered later developed into an object that is used to cover (clothes). While the significance of libās from pre and post Qur`anic are same, that is covering. But in its development, The Koran refers to a new meaning as jewelry that used to adorn self (illegitimate). Comprehensively, the concept of libās from the meaning development from pre-Islam to the birth of Islam is drafted by covering something that must be covered. Indicatively, this things becomes characterizes the uniqueness of the Koran, as well as when The Koran adopts a vocabulary from pre-Islamic period which does not immediately change the meaning inside.
Key Words: Libās verses, Semantics, Interpretation
ANALISIS PENULISAN SURAT YĀSĪN BERDASARKAN KAIDAH RASM ‘UTHMĀNĪ DALAM AL-QUR’AN KUDUS CETAKAN 1974
Authors: Ummah Nafi’atul , Humam Abdul Wadud Kasful
Published: April 2021

This research highlights the divergence in writing between the 1974 Menara Kudus Qur’anic printing and the standardized ‘Uthmanic style in sura Yāsīn. Having examined literatures related to the history of the Kudus version including the text itself, this research concludes that the formerdoes not follow the later in three cases: the omitting (ḥadhf) of the alif and the skeleton of the alone hamzahas well as the connected two hamzah at the beginning of a sentence.Keyword: Sura Yāsīn, rasm Quran Kudus 1974, Uthmnic style.
PENGAJIAN TAFSIR AL-IBRĪZ OLEH KIAI AHMAD MUSTOFA BISRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN RAUDLATUT THALIBIN REMBANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF FENOMENOLOGI AGAMA
Authors: Mudawamah  , Muhamad Asif
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The study of al-Ibrīz's interpretation at Pesantren Raudlatut Thalibin Rembang is attended by various groups of people, both from parents and young people, employees, farmers, traders and retirees. The various backgrounds of the congregation there, in terms of age and profession, make different beliefs or awareness of the congregation regarding the recitation of al-Ibrīz and their way of internalizing the religious values ​​contained in the recitation. By using qualitative methods and a phenomenological approach to religion, this study seeks to portray a picture of the culture and awareness of the recitation community towards the study of al-Ibrīz interpretation at pesantren Raudlatut Thalibin, Rembang. The research shows that the participants believe that the recitation of al-Ibrīz interpretation is a field of blessing, a way to get closer to Allah Subḥānahu wa Ta'ālā, connect silaturrahmi, add insight, fill spare time, seek fortune and expect the efficacy of al-Ibrīz's tafsir closing prayer for their goals to be come true. Meanwhile, the way the congregation internalizes the religious values ​​contained in the recitation of al-Ibrīz's interpretation through four stages, namely listening carefully, reviewing it, applying it within oneself, and make it habit in daily life.

Key Word: Phenomenology of Religion, Community Awareness, Living Qur'an, Study of Tafsir al-Ibrīz