bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Narrative Review on Therapeutic Potential and Efficacy of Medhya Rasayana
Authors: Neha Mehra  , Shailendra Pradhan  , D.C. Singh
Published: July 2023

Anything that imbalance body and mind is known to cause disease. Nowadays, mental health has been becoming a global threat to the world. Ayurveda has a novel concept of Rasayana. Medhya Rasayana that has been classified under Rasayana for the stability of Dhi, Dhriti, Smriti. The action of Medhya Rasayana is explained with the help of using neurons and neurotransmitters in modern neurophysiology. Information is gathered from various Nighantus, Samhitas, other Ayurvedic textbooks and various online sources such as Google scholar, Sci-hub, Science Direct etc. Medhya Rasayana has a very good anti-oxidant, adaptogenic, anabolic, anti-stress and anti-depressant property. This literature review article is about the four medicinal plants such as Mandukaparni (Centella asiatica Linn.), Yasthi madhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook. F. and Thomas.), Sankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois) which are most common Medhya Rasayana mentioned in Ayurvedic samhitas, Nighantus etc.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF GENERALISED ANXIETY DISORDER - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Minu Majeed R  , Vinod R  , Aparna P M  , Jithesh M
Published: July 2023

Stress is a very common word that we hear in our custom. But when it becomes excessive, persistent and disruptive it becomes a trouble. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common mental disorder that involves constant and chronic tension, worrying and nervousness. In India GAD has high prevalence of 5.8%. Compared to a panic attack, its intensity is less but chronicity is longer. GAD makes the person exhausted mentally and physically and makes problems emotionally and behaviorally affecting the quality of life badly because functional somatic symptoms in GAD shows a wide range. In Ayurveda, the symptoms of GAD shows characteristics of Chittodwega and indicates a very effective management.
A 25 year old male attended in OPD with increased tension, fear and uncontrollable anxiety, disturbed sleep, and stomach ailments, constipation, belching and reduced appetite. On interrogation it was revealed that he developed the symptoms over the last 2 years. Mental status examination was done. Considering the signs and symptoms, he was diagnosed with GAD.
Internally he was given with Somalatha Choorna, Aswagandharishta, Gokshura Choorna, Aswagandha Choorna and Sarpagandha Choorna to manage his anxiety and stomach ailments. Procedures done were Thala Pothichil, Snehapana, Virechana and Nasya to reduce his anxiety and other problems. During this time, he was also subjected to meditation and counselling techniques as well. The patient responded well to the treatment and his symptoms improved significantly. HAM-A scale score before treatment was 24 which was reduced to 6 after treatment. On discharge he was advised to continue the medicines and relaxation techniques. The Ayurveda protocol was found to be effective in managing GAD and highlights the importance of ayurvedic psychiatric treatments in similar conditions.
Evaluation of Sthapani Marma: A Review
Authors: Kunwar Adhar Bhatnagar  , Preeti Srivastava  , Amandeep Kaur
Published: July 2023

Marma points represent crucial areas within the human body, as described in various Ayurvedic texts. These points are more than just surface landmarks; they are deeply rooted physio-anatomical structures. Defined as the intersection of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi, and Sandhi in a specific location, Marma serves as the focal point of Prana. Ayurveda identifies 107 such Marma points in the body. Prominent scholars like Acharya Sushruta and Vagbhatta have classified them into different categories based on location, structure, prognosis, number, and measurement. When injuries occur to certain Vishlyaghna Marma points, an individual can survive as long as the foreign object remains lodged there; however, death is imminent once it is removed. Life can be sustained if the object naturally falls out post-suppuration. Vishalyaghna Marma points are closely related to Vayu dominance. Among these vital points is the Sthapani Marma, situated between the two eyebrows or superciliary arches. In Tamil, both "Varmam" and "Marmam" refer to these vital points. Varmalogy therapy manipulates Varmam locations where Pranic energy is concentrated or blocked. Stimulating specific Varmam points releases trapped energy that restores balance in affected regions due to trauma. Siddha science recognizes Tilartha Kalam at the same position as Sthapani Marma in Ayurveda – the glabella region.

This article will delve deeper into the structures underlying the Sthapani Marma and attempt to draw correlations with Siddha science while exploring ways to stimulate this particular Varmam point effectively.
A Study on Structural Changes in Joints of Hand w.s.r. to Amavata
Authors: Kunwar Adhar Bhatnagar  , Preeti Srivastava
Published: July 2023

Amavata is a chronic disease caused due to the vitiation of Vata associated with the Ama that circulates all over the body. Though various drug trails and treatment procedures were already carried out on Amavata, here an attempt is made to know the structural changes in the joints of hand that occurs in the disease, with the help of Radiography (X-ray), that may aid in the diagnosis and to know the efficacy of treatment. Objectives: To study the structural changes in joints of hand w.s.r. to Amavata. Materials and Methods: 30 diagnosed patients of Amavata were selected affecting the joints of hand (wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) and X-ray study was done to know the structural changes. Results: The study has shown the more of the structural changes in the form of soft tissue swelling, peri-articular osteopenia, bone erosion, joint space narrowing in the early stages of the disease, and secondary osteoarthritis, osteophytes, subluxation and ankylosis in the later stages. Conclusions: In metacarpophalangeal joint more of the structural changes are found in the form of soft tissue swelling, periarticular osteopenia and joint space narrowing. Bone erosion and osteophytes were lesser than the wrist joint and subchondral cyst, subluxation, secondary osteoarthritis and ankylosis were seen rarely and in the later stages of the disease. In interphalangeal joints soft tissue swelling, periarticular osteopenia, joint space narrowing was present as early changes. Subchondral cyst, subluxation, secondary osteoarthritis, bone erosion, osteophytes and ankylosis in the later stages of the disease.
Comprehensive Study of Mukhapaka and its Modern Counterpart
Authors: Smriti Kaul  , Anil Verma  , Jyoti Gupta  , Narender Chanchal
Published: July 2023

Oral hygiene is very important for everybody’s health. Mukhapaka (stomatitis) is the disease that spreads throughout the mouth. It is the inflammation of mucous membrane of lips, tongue, and cheek. It is common problems faced by all persons. Though, it may seem like a minor problem but it inhibits the daily activities. Stomatitis occurs due to hot, spicy and greasy foods, smoking, tobacco chewing, several drugs, infections, Vitamin B12 deficiency etc. Ayurveda has described four types of Mukhapaka: Vataja, Pittaja, Kaphaja and Raktaja. Different types of Mukhapaka have different types of symptoms. Pain relievers, mouth washes, lotions, corticosteroids, Vit. B12 are used to treat stomatitis. In present era, world is looking at Ayurveda for its valuable contribution in the treatment of any ailment. Sarvasara Mukharogas are named as Mukhapaka, as they diffusely spread in the Mukha (oral cavity).
Comparative Pharmacognostical Evaluation and HPTLC Analysis of Stem Bark of Kanchnar (Bauhinia Variegata Linn.) and Kovidar (Bauhinia Purpurea Linn.)
Authors: Suneeta Kumari  , Ramanand  , Makhan Lal  , Arvind Kumar Srivastava
Published: July 2023

The current study was carried out to provide comparative macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical parameters and HPTLC analysis of stem bark of Kanchnar (Bauhinia variegata L.) and Kovidar (Bauhinia purpurea L.) T.S. of stem bark of Bauhinia variegata L. shows a wide stratified cork have thin-walled yellow brown cells followed by brown colored cells; inner cork layer has transversely elongated orange brown cells. T.S. of Bauhinia purpurea L of shows presence of few layers of cork, Outer layers contains reddish brown content and inner layers are colourless. Its cortex is composed of 10 to 12 layers of parenchyma cell. Total Ash value found in sample of Kanchnar was 5.67% and in Kovidar was 15.2%. The Alcohol soluble extractive value of Kanchnar was found 29.8 % and of Kovidar was found 4.8%. Water soluble extractive value in sample of Kanchnar was found 20.68% and in Kovidar it was found 13.83%. Reference marker betasitosterol and lupeol was applied on a pre-coated silica gel GF254 plate of uniform thickness (0.2mm). The mobile phase consisting Toluene: Ethyl acetate: formic acid (9:1:0.1). Presence of marker betasitosterol and lupeol in sample of Bauhinia variegata L. were 85.19µg/ml and146.4µg/ml respectively. Presence of marker betasitosterol and lupeol in sample of Bauhinia purpurea L. were 244.6µg/ml and 305µg/ml respectively.
An Open Labelled, Parallel Arm Interventional Clinical Assessment of Vasa (Justicia Adhatoda L.) in Dadru Kushtha (Fungal Skin Infection)
Authors: Harsh Upadhyay  , Suman Singh  , Neha Parmar  , Dilip Jani
Published: July 2023

Vasa is a prime drug of respiratory disorders in Ayurveda. Seers of Ayurveda have also prescribed it as a single drug in Kushtha Roga in various dosage forms. It possesses Tikta Rasa Pradhana–Kashaya Anurasa, Sheeta Virya, Laghu Guna and Kapha-Pitta Hara properties. Many experimental studies like antitussive, bronchodilator activity, anti-asthmatic activities and clinical study were conducted to evaluate its Kasahara, Shwasahara, Raktapittahara Karma. But till date not a single study conducted to evaluate its Kushthaghna effect. Hence, an attempt was made to clinically compare Vasa with standard drug Nimba for its Kushthghna Karma. Aim: To clinically assess the effect of Vasa in Dadru Kushtha. Settings and Design: Interventional, Open labeled, Randomized, Parallel arm. Methods and Material: Fresh leaves of Vasa were collected from periphery of Rajpipla, Gujarat. The patients were selected from Government Ayurved College & Hospital, Vadodara and grading analogue scale, general & physical examination was done as a screening. Statistical analysis used: Data were calculated by student ‘t’ test for parametric data using Sigma stat 3.2. Results: Vasa showed statistically significant (p<0.001) results in all symptoms of Dadru Kushtha. Group A- (Nimba) showed 75.83% and Group B- (Vasa) showed 78.54% improvement in all symptoms of Dadru. The chief complaint of Dadru Kushtha i.e., Kandu was better relieved by Vasa on the basis of percentage of relief i.e. 97.92% in comparison to Nimba i.e., 89.58. Conclusion: Vasa is effective in all the symptoms of Dadru Kushtha. Current study suggests that it can be effectively used in Kapha pitta pradhana Kushtharoga.
Ayurvedic Perspective of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Nawfya. M.A  , K. K. Remani
Published: July 2023

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathies (DPN) are chronic debilitating complications following Diabetes mellitus. DPN refers to signs and symptoms of peripheral nerve dysfunction in a patient with Diabetes mellitus (DM) whom other causes of neuropathies have been excluded. The incidence of neuropathy is strongly associated with microvascular comorbidities. In Ayurveda, Prameha is one of Ashtamahagada, which will finally transform into Madhumeha without proper management. As there is no direct reference for diagnosing DPN in Ayurveda, it is essential to understand the causation and association of symptoms based on Tridoshas in Pradhana Vyadhi (main disease) as well as in Upadrava (complications). After analyzing both Madhumeha and DPN many similarities were found in respect of Nidana (etiology), Samprapti (pathology), and Lakshana (symptoms). Continuing Nidana even after Prameha Samprapti leads to its Upadrava. The features such as Kara pada daha (burning sensation of hand and foot), Pipeelika sancharamiva (tingling sensation), Swapa/ Supthi (numbness), Sosha (wasting), Angasada (weakness) are seen in Prameha either in the prodromal stage or in actual exhibition stage or complication stage can be correlated as DPN. The prevalence of DPN is also strongly associated with the duration of diabetes and glycemic control. Features of Avaranajanya and Dhatukshaya Madhumeha is to be differentiated and correctly diagnosed for the proper selection of treatment. Hence an attempt is made to review the differential diagnosis based on factors like etiopathology and symptoms of DPN in Ayurveda.
Comparison of Definitions of Tantrayukti Mentioned by Neelamegha Bhishak and Arunadatta
Authors: Jiji N G  , Sunitha G.R
Published: July 2023

Tantrayukti is one among the techniques used by Acharyas for understanding and interpreting scientific literature of Ayurveda. Tantrayukti is defined as a methodology that helps us to interpret scientific treatise correctly and intelligently and it enables us to set optimum standardization in the interpretation of scientific material and to minimize subjective variation in understanding the treatise. There are some controversies existing regarding the enumeration and definitions of Tantrayukti. Even though names of 36 Tantrayukti mentioned by Neelamegha Bhishak, the author of Tantrayuktivichara and Arunadatta, the commentator of Ashtanga Hridaya are almost similar, there is dissimilarity existing regarding the definitions of Tantrayukti. This study is intended to make an attempt to compare definition of Tantrayukti of Neelamegha Bhishak and Arunadatta.
Involvement of Doshas in Acid Peptic Disease - A Literary Review
Authors: Lini Grispin G  , Resmi B
Published: July 2023

Doshas represent physiological activities going on continuously in our body. They form the elementary basis of living body along with Dhatus and Malas. A healthy state of body is maintained by the normal physiological equilibrium between Tridoshas. Any vitiation occurring to one among them can result in disequilibrium between Doshas and hence result in diseases. In the process of disease manifestation, not a single Dosha but all the three Doshas can get involved in varying degrees based on the Nidanas. The Doshas get aggravated due to various causes and produce different diseases by locating itself in various body parts. Therefore, one should understand a disease after examining the characteristics of a disease, its regional alterations and involvement of Doshadi nidanas. The literary review reveals that Acid Peptic Disease has more similarity to Amlapittta and all the three Doshas are involved in the manifestation of the disease. Vitiation of Pachaka pitta, Prana vayu, Samana vayu, Apana vayu and Kledaka kapha are evident and these are responsible for the manifestation of all the four diseases considered here viz. GERD, Gastritis, Gastric ulcer and Duodenal ulcer.
Analysis of Action of Madhutailika Vasti in Vatarakta Through its Contents
Authors: Unnimaya G M  , T K Sujan  , Ambili Krishna
Published: July 2023

Vatarakta is a Vatapradhana tridoshaja vyadhi signifies the association of Vata along with Pitta and Rakta dhatu getting Sthanasamshraya at Kaphasthana. It is a Vyadhi of Madhyama rogamarga with Asthi, Sandhi, Upadhatu’s like Peshi, Snayu and Sira as target sites. With the greater affection of Dhatwagni at different level, the Samprapti of the disease progresses to multisystem involvement. This lights the fact that the sites of affection are deep and Bala of the Rogi is highly diminished in Vatarakta. So, a treatment which is capable of dislodging the deep seated Doshas and bringing Bala to the Rogi is found to be appropriate. Vasti, by its Srotosodhana, Vatanulomana and Brumhana property achieves both the goals. Vasti cures the disease of all Doshas of all the three Margas namely Sakha, Koshta, and Marmasthi sandhi and it completely destroys the vitiated Vata dosha by entering in to its Moolasthana. Different types of Vastis can be used in Vatarakta and it is found to be very effective. When the Bala of Vatarakta patients are taken in to consideration, a Vasti which is Brumhana, Vatashamana, Rakta prasadana and Rasayana is more appropriate. Madhutailika vasti is Snigdha, Mridu, and Nirapaaya satisfies the selection criteria. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the mode of action of Madhutailika vasti with Madhuyashtyadi taila in Vatarakta by critically analysing the pharmacological properties.
Ayurvedic Management of Menorrhagia with Lodhra Shunthi Yog- A Case Study
Authors: Ashwini Karache S  , Seema Mehere
Published: July 2023

Detail description of Strirogvyadhies and various changes that occur during all stages of women life such as Puberty, reproductive age, menopause, diseases that occur during these stages and most important treatment mentioned in oldest system of health science i.e., Ayurveda. Raktapradar in Ayurveda is characterized by excessive or prolonged menstruation with or without inter-menstrual bleeding, which is one of the most common bleeding disorders in women. Excessive bleeding from uterus either at the time of menses or in inter-menstrual time is considered as Asrigdara or Raktapradar in Ayurveda. 28% of women’s population considered that menstruation excessive and plan their social activities around the menstrual cycle. 10% of women employees need to take off from the work because of excessive menstrual bleeding. About 6% of women, aged between 25 to 45 years consult their general practioners about excessive bleeding. Once referred to gynecologist, possible causative bleeding disorders are not routinely investigated and risk of surgical interventions is high. Ayurveda provides many alternatives which not only cures disease but also prevents their recurrences. Ayurveda gives so many formulations to overcome to Raktapradar one such formulation selected here i.e., Lodhra Shunthi Yog. By considering above mentioned facts and in this case study, an attempt is made to evaluate potency of Lodhra Shunthi Yog (in Churna form) for management of Raktapradar.
Ayurvedic Pre-Conceptional Management in Patient with History of Abnormal Karyotype in Foetus - A Case Report
Authors: Shahina Mole S  , Anila M  , Meera R
Published: July 2023

Every year worldwide, congenital anomalies contribute to the estimated amount of 2,95000 newborn deaths within 28 days of birth. Congenital anomalies result from many causes; one or more genetic or chromosomal defects, infections, nutritional or environmental terratogenic factors etc. May result in pregnancy loss, even if the foetus survives it will present with severe multi system organ damages, leading to lifelong disability and poor quality of life for both self and families which has got rippling impacts on the health care system and society. In Genetic defects involving karyotype errors allopathic treatment modalities are effective in some cases but only to a limited extent. In 2019 September, a 25 yr old female with history of medical termination of pregnancy (G1) approached OPD of Dept of Prasutitantra and Streeroga at Govt. Ayurveda college Women & Children Hospital. MTP was done at 12 wks of gestation due to gross foetal anomaly. Foetus was suspected to have hydrops foetalis as per the USG scan. Later karyotyping of the aborted foetus showed sex chromosome anomaly 45XO. She wanted to conceive again but was worried about the recurrence of karyotype error. She came to know about the concept of Sreyasi praja. She was willing to explore possibilities of Ayurvedic treatment modalities as pre conceptional care. After detailed case taking, analysing reports from the previous pregnancy, Ayurvedic treatment modalities including Sodhana therapies, Pumsavana vidhi for Garbha sthapanam, diet and regimen based on the fundamental principles were decided. And Soon after the treatment period patient got conceived in the month of February 2020 and the pregnancy was closely monitored and completed term uneventfully and delivered (FTND with RMLE) a healthy female baby with 2.6kg weight with APGAR 9 at 1 minute. The baby is growing up with normal IQ, active for her age and healthy. This case presents the effectiveness of Ayurvedic preconceptional management in achieving Sreyasi praja.
Chaturbeeja Arka in Primary Dysmenorrhoea- A Case Series
Authors: Aswani.K.J  , Maya Balakrishnan  , Jyothi.P.K
Published: July 2023

Dysmenorrhoea is the most common problem in adolescent gynaecology. It is related to significant absenteeism from school and poor academic performance. Primary dysmenorrhoea is widely prevalent in more than 50% of teenagers. Among Yonirogas udavartha yonivyapath, presents with painful menstruation and its main feature is relief of pain following discharge of blood, which is characteristic of primary dysmenorrhoea. The objective of treating primary dysmenorrhoea is to reduce pain, so that the patient is not restricted from attending her daily routine activities. Pharmacological strategies for Primary Dysmenorrhoea generally involve non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or hormonal contraceptives which may have adverse effects. So, developing Ayurveda medicines with minimal adverse effects have significant relevance.

Chaturbeeja arka mentioned in Chaturtha sathakam of Arka prakasha consists of Methika, Chandrashura, Kalaajaji and Yavani. It has Soolahara, Adhmanahara and Sameerajith properties. Compared to Kashaya kalpana, Arka kalpana is required in lesser dosage, has higher patient compliance, has longer shelf life and does not require addition of preservatives. A pilot study was conducted in 5 diagnosed cases of Primary dysmenorrhoea. It was found to be effective in lower abdominal pain and associated low back ache. The current article is an attempt to explore the effect of Chaturbeeja arka in primary dysmenorrhoea.
Experimental Evaluation of Eladi Gutika for its Anti-Rheumatic Activity
Authors: Lavanya N.C  , Chaitra.L.V  , Vidya Rani.M
Published: July 2023

Background: Amavata is a disease caused due to the vitiation or aggravation of Vata associated with Ama. Vitiated Vatadosha circulates the Ama all over the body and Sthanasamshraya in joints producing symptoms such as stiffness, swelling and tenderness in multiple joints. The symptoms of Amavata are identical to Rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis is affecting the people predominantly between the ages of 30 to 50 years with predictable course it is a chronic inflammatory and systemic auto-immune disease. About 1% of the world population is affected by Rheumatoid arthritis and 2 to 3 times more common in women than men.

Aim and objective: An experimental evaluation of Eladi gutika for its anti-rheumatic activity.

Methods: The experimental study was a three-group experimental study, conducted on 6 different rats on each group. Total 18 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats weighing between 150-200gms will be taken and divided randomly into three groups; Rats were induced rheumatoid arthritis with single subcutaneous injection of “Freund’s complete adjuvant (0.05ml-0.1ml) into footpad or base of the tail. The rats exhibit rheumatic symptoms within 12-14 days. Rats of group 1 will be administered with distilled water served as control group. Group 2 will be administered with celecoxib 10 mg/kg. Group 3 will be administered with Eladi gutika 40 mg/kg (trial group) for 21 day.

Results: In the experimental study the result was showed as the Eladi gutika helps to decrease the CRP and ESR levels.

Conclusion: From the experimental study the result it was found that Eladi gutika showed mild ant-rheumatic activity. Hence, it was inferred that the selected Eladi gutika inhibits the anti-rheumatic activity and there by curing Amavata.
A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Effect of Guduchyadi Rasayana as a Rasayana
Authors: Chauhan Bindu  , Mishra Anjana  , Chaudhary Vijay
Published: July 2023

Now a days reprehensive food habits, erroneous life style, stress, environmental pollution etc are exerting awful effects on human beings. Stress has become an inevitable and most unwanted companion of civilization. It can be induced by several factors like an environmental changes extremes of temperature, fear, anxiety, shock, grief, pain and so on.  When the individual is unable to cope with it, it induces a number of clinical manifestations like hypertension, coronary artery disease, peptic ulcer, asthma, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, fatigue, muscles pain, sleeping problem, behavioural disorders like anxiety and depression. Thus they are susceptible to develop premature aging and various disorders.

Ayurvedic text describes Rasayana therapy to rejuvenate and nourish the body and mind. Ayurveda emphasizes on the importance of preventive medicine by boosting an individual’s own immune system. Rasayana therapy rejuvenates and prevents the effect of aging and improves the quality of life. Rasayana is useful in treating the disease as well as in maintaining the health of individuals. Rasayana drugs are having Balya, Medhya, Agnivardhaka, Ojovardhaka, Vyasthapna properties. It has been proved that these drugs are immunomodulator, adaptogenic, anti-stress, anti-anxiety and anti-depressant and hepatoprotective. So, Rasayana may be helpful to cope up with all the problems occurring due to modern lifestyle.
Role of Takra (Ayurvedic Probiotic) in the Management of Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Sourabh Gupta
Published: July 2023

Gastrointestinal disorders can be grouped as functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) without an organic cause based on the systems and part of the Gastrointestinal (GI) system affected. Probiotics are called "good" or "helpful" bacterias as they help keep our gut healthy. probiotics have been extensively studied in detail in infectious gastroenteritis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea etc., gastrointestinal disorders. As the probiotics are the fermented products, Takra can be considered as an Ayurvedic probiotic which is being used since centuries in Grahani etc., Rogas. The present study evaluates the effect of the Takra or the buttermilk in the management of gastrointestinal disorders. A detailed study of Takra is shown having multiple benefits and very effective in increasing the good bacterias of the gastrointestinal system, and thereby decreasing the bad bacterias and play a very important role in maintenance of the gastrointestinal health. Consumption of Takra, an Ayurevdic probiotic in our daily meals helps to promote the intestinal immunity and prevention of the gastrointestinal disorders.
Concept of Urastha Hridaya (Heart) According to Ayurveda
Authors: Pansare Tabassum Arif  , Sole Aparna  , Bhirad Diksha Mohan
Published: July 2023

Hridaya (heart) is considered as one of the vital organ of the body by Ayurveda. Since it is one among the Trimarams and is regarded as Dasha prana ayatana, any injury to the Hridaya results in causation of grave diseases, severe complications or and even death. A vigilant study reveals that, two organs share approximately equal claims to put themselves identical with the term Hridaya which denotes an organ controlling the passage of Prana by collecting, distributing in a rhythm. At one end is the notion that Hridaya refers to brain, at the other end of the scale, it is the view that Hridaya is heart. As per Ayurvedic text, Hridaya is not only an organ that pumps blood, but also something with much wide area of action. Ayurvedic classic mentions that Hridaya is that which controls body, mind and senses, in addition is a seat of the intellect and vitality. Therefore it is essential to understand this organ thoroughly; however, Acharya Charak and Acharya Sushruta considered Hridaya as one among the Kosthangas and one among Kosthas respectively. These descriptions certainly indicate Hridaya as the ‘Urastha hridaya’. The present review article draws attention towards the concept of Urastha hridaya i.e., heart considered in Ayurveda.
Prediction of Linearity and Non-Linearity in Pharmaceutical Optimization Studies with Python
Authors: T. Bhanuteja  , A. Lakshmana Rao  , T.E.G.K. Murthy  , T. Pallavi
Published: July 2023

Novel simple user-friendly python programme was developed to predict linearity and non-linearity in pharmaceutical optimization. Optimization is the process of obtaining optimum formulation. There are independent and dependent variables in optimization techniques regarding pharmaceutical formulations. The number of levels of independent factor is usually selected based on the linear/ non-linear relationship existing between the dependent and independent variable. The programme is run after entering the independent and dependent variables. The program is used to detect the best fitted model based on the observed correlation between dependent and independent factors, to predict the outcome against the input (independent variables). The program output is the regression coefficients, regression equations, predicted dependent variable and standard error of point estimate. The model offering the low error of point estimate is assumed to be the best fitted model for the given data. The model is applied successfully for both linear and non-linear data.
Method Development and Validation of Lorazepam by Using RP-HPLC in Pharmaceutical Formulation
Authors: J.R.V.Prasanna  , D.Narendra  , K.Susritha Reddy  , A.Lakshmi Tulasi  , A.Nikhitha  , M.Krishna Sowmya Sri
Published: July 2023

High pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is a column chromatographic technique employing high pressure pump to pass both mobile phase and sample mixture through stationary phase column and perform efficient separation. A C-18 column with mobile phase containing Acetonitrile: methanol (80: 20) was used. The flow rate was 1.0ml/min. and were monitored at 210 nm. The retention time for Lorazepam was 1.3 min. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection. The Mean percent recovery of Lorazepam from tablet formulation was found to be 94.80 %.
Method Development and Validation of Rifampicin by Using RP-HPLC Method in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Gadi Vijaya Lakshmi  , B. Dileep  , K.Sirisha  , M.Vijaya Snehitha  , T.T.J.S. Srinivasa Guptha
Published: July 2023

A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC method with UV detection (219nm) for routine analysis of Rifampicin in a pharmaceutical formulation was developed. Chromatography was performed with a mobile phase containing a methanol of assay (99.8%) with flow rate of 0.9ml/min. Quantitation was accomplished with an internal standard method. The procedure was validated for linearity (correlation coefficient = 0.9957), accuracy and limit of detection (LOD) intraday precision. To test validation of the Rifampicin three factors were considered as linearity, precision, LOD where mobile phase, flowrate and pressure are respectively selected as methanol, 0.9ml/min, 1200 pascals. To ensure precise intraday measurements, the variables taken into account were the analyst and the equipment. The RSD value (0.20%) indicated a good precision of the analytical method. The proposed method was simple; highly sensitive, precise, accurate and retention time less than 3 min indicating that the method is useful for routine quality control.
Pharmacological Importance of Ghrita in Ayurveda
Authors: Shilpa Shankarrao Walkikar
Published: July 2023

Aahara assumes a significant part in our everyday existence. Food gives different medical advantages. Ghrita is one such Snigdha Ahara Dravya which is viewed as a necessary piece of the human eating regimen in India for a long time. How much utilization of Ghrita changes as per locale, and people? The nutritious and helpful worth of Ghrita is superb. Each food thing we eat experiences Agni which brings about the development of Aahara Rasa and subsequently Rasa Dhatu consequently circling all around the body. Rasa which is viewed as the Aadya Dhatu persistently flows and structures the cellar for the sustenance of sequential dhatus. Goghrita is a rejuvenator and aphrodisiac.
The Combine Effect of Suvarnaprashan with Speech-Language Therapy in Children with Delayed Speech and Language Disorder
Authors: Shrikant Sahu  , Tulsi Sao
Published: July 2023

Suvarnaprashan is ancient oral vaccination technique describe Ayurvedic texts. Delayed in acquiring language are most common symptoms of childhood developmental disability affecting around 5 to 10% of all children. The effectiveness of Suvarnaprashan in various developmental disabilities in children was reported earlier studies. However, its effectiveness for children with pure delayed speech and language disorder without any associated developmental difficulties was not studied previously. Hence, the study taken with aim of the combine outcome of Suvarnaprashan with speech-language therapy in children with delayed speech and language disorder. Total no. of 50 participants with early diagnosed delayed speech and language disorder with age range from 02 to 05 were included for this study. The participants were divided in two subgroups in which group A underwent for speech language therapy only and group B underwent for both speech-language therapy and Suvarnayaprashan sanskara. Children with delayed speech and language disorder showed significant improvement with Speech language therapy plus Suvarnayaprashan intervention compare to speech and language therapy alone. Suvarnaprashan can be utilized effectively as a therapeutic tool for children with delayed speech and language disorder. It is very simple, cost effective, infrastructure compatible, safe and prevention–centric approach. Hence, it should be adopted globally as immunization program also for preventive measure of delayed speech and language disorders and disability. The present study opened new dimensions and need of further research in different area of disability with large sample and long term follow up.
WIND SPEED PREDICTION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A CASE STUDY, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, BazeUniversity Abuja, Nigeria, Gafai Najashi B. , Belgore Asia'u T. ,   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, BazeUniversity Abuja, Nigeria
Published: July 2023

The accurate prediction of Wind Energy Speed (WES) is very important and essential for monitoring, controlling, planning and distribution of generated power to meet consumers need due to the shortage in electricity supply in Abuja. This study investigates the Artificial Neural Network (ANNs) method for the implementation of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, for classification, regression, and outlier detection for the forecasting of wind speed from local meteorological training data gotten from the Nigerian Meteorological agency (NiMET), National Weather Research Center, located at Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Bill Clinton Dr, 900102, Abuja, Nigeria from a period of over thirty years (1983-2013). The dataset is carefully pre-processed to handle missing values and outliers. The experimental results demonstrate that the SVM model outperforms alternative methods in terms of wind speed prediction accuracy. The findings of this research highlight the efficacy of SVM in wind speed prediction, showcasing its potential for practical implementation in wind energy systems.
SOLAR RADIATION FORECASTING USING ADAPTIVE NEURO FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM (ANFIS)
Authors:   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria, Belgore Asia'u T. , Onyohi Ruth A. ,   Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University of Abuja, Nigeria, Gafai Najashi B. ,   Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Baze University Abuja, Nigeria, Ighodalo Michael Solomon ,   Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, University of Abuja, Nigeria
Published: July 2023

Hybrid intelligent systems have previously been centered on forecasting solar energy using meteorological data parameters; nevertheless, such forecasting approaches have yielded unreliable results. The goal of this research is to design and develop ANFIS model for forecasting solar energy based on widely shifting environmental factors utilizing experimental data collected in Abuja. This is accomplished by developing a system that predicts solar energy generation using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and fuzzy logic. This research examines four Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models that were developed and tested in Abuja, Nigeria, for horizontal sun radiation prediction. These models were generated by varying the number of inputs for each model with the output being solar radiation. Data set of 30 years were collected from the National Space Research Development Agency (NASDRA) and procured for the presented simulation study. Simulation using ANFIS methodology was carried out using MATLAB Tool. The obtained data was divided into two categories: training and testing with training having 70% and testing 30% of the data sets. The simulation results were checked against the data and confirmed to be within allowable limits. The coefficients of determination (R2), correlation coefficient(R), Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were calculated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed machine learning models. It can be safely concluded that model 4 gave an accurate result with high efficiency and less error.
Facial Recognition Technology and Racial Discrimination a Study on the Design of On-Demand-Asynchronous Video Interview Solutions Used in Recruitment
Authors:   -, Uhunoma Evans
Published: July 2023

7% of people of colour in the UK are unemployed as compared to 4% for whites (UK Gov, 2021). While recent breakthroughs in face recognition technology (FRT) have enhanced the process of recruitment through the use of on-demand- asynchronous video interview solutions (Tambe, et al., 2019; Harwell, 2019; Nawaz, 2020), several other studies have however confirmed that FRT and its application in recruitment activities are biased towards people of colour (Izario et al., 2017; Buolamwini, 2019; Simonite, 2019). Consequently, this is predicted to lead to an increased diversity crisis within the workplace as the employment of people of colour may even lessen further (West et al., 2019). The aim of this dissertation was therefore to understand how on-demand-asynchronous video interview solutions (ODAVIS) capture peculiarities in faces. Specifically, how creators of FRT determine candidates’ suitability for jobs using FRT’s facial analysis, if the data used to train their model is representative of the faces in the world and what reasonable adjustments (if any) are made for people of colour. The major findings include the use of facial landmarks and gaze estimators to analyse candidates’ facial expressions and emotions during interviews, the use of non-representative training data that leads to inconsistency in performance, and the inclusion of certain adjustments (like automatic flashlights, data augmentation or bias audit) during the designs of the solutions and implementation, to close the gaps of inconsistent performance observed for different races.
Readiness of Technology and Livelihood Education Students in Taking the Licensure Examination for Teacher
Authors: Alcantara Ferdinand L. , De Luna Maria Cecilia E.
Published: July 2023

The study attempted to look on to the readiness of the Technology and Livelihood Education students of the Bulacan State University Hagonoy Campus in taking the Licensure Examination for Teachers during the school year 2018-2019. The study made used of both qualitative and quantitative research. Grades of the respondents was requested to the university registrar and a standardized comprehensive examination was given to the respondents to validate their readiness in taking the board examination. A face-to-face interview was also conducted to know the problems they have encountered in taking the course and in taking the comprehensive examination. Weighted mean was computed and determine the readiness of the respondents using the Pearson R correlation. As revealed by the findings, both general weighted average and the result of the comprehensive examination registered a very weak linear correlation. In order to respond to the observations cited by the respondents the researcher suggested to provide an in-house review before taking the board examination and a strict retention policy among education students.
Determining Factors of Corporate Value in Mining Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors:   Management Department – Universitas Islam Indonesia, Hasibuan Anna Nubua , Sutrisno Sutrisno ,   Management Department – Universitas Islam Indonesia
Published: July 2023

The Company’s main goal is to increase corporate value, namely the welfare of the owner which is represented by the higher share price. Therefore, in this study, corporate value is represented by the price to book value ratio. The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that determine corporate value. Factors that are thought to influence corporate value are profitability as measured by return on assets (ROA), institutional ownership, number of independent commissioners, leverage and company size. The population in this study are companies registered in the mining sector with a sample of 15 companies with an observation period of 5 years (2016-2020). The hypothesis test uses multiple regression analysis with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that only one variable had no effect on corporate value, namely profitability, while the variables of institutional ownership, independent commissioners, leverage and company size had a significant effect on corporate value.
Relationship of Holy Life and Worship Praise on Ephesians 5:18-20 with Spiritual Growth in Members of the GBI Cell Group Jordan River Regensi 2 Tangerang
Authors:   Master of Theology, STTB the Way Jakarta, Indonesia, Budiatmaja Rudy , Nugroho Andreas Eko ,   Lecturer in Master of Theology, STTB The Way Jakarta, Indonesia, Sianipar Rikardo P. ,   Lecturer in Master of Theology, STTB The Way Jakarta, Indonesia
Published: July 2023

The goals of the research are to find out: (1) the relationship between partial holy living and spiritual growth, (2) the relationship between praise and worship based on Ephesians 5:18-20 partial and spiritual growth, (3) the relationship between holy life and worship while at the same time spiritual growth. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research using correlation techniques. The study population consisted of active members of the Jordan River Regensi 2 Tangerang GBI cell group totaling 34 individuals, with an overall sample of 34 individuals drawn using the saturated sampling technique. The research instrument was a closed questionnaire for collecting data on holy life with a total of 10 items and worship with a total of 10 items and spiritual growth with a total of 10 items. The instrument's validity technique relates to the product-moment correlation formula and reliability based on Cronbach's alpha. The data analysis technique uses multiple regression with a significant level of 0.05. The results of the research show: (1) There is a connection between holy living and spiritual growth, (2) There is a connection between Ephesians 5:18-20 worship and spiritual growth, (3) There is a double connection between holy life and worship based on Ephesians 5:18-20 with spiritual growth.
Android-Based Athlete Talent Identification: Preliminary Study
Authors:   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Mahardika Hervanda , Siswantoyo Siswantoyo ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia, Yachsie Betrix Teofa Perkasa Wibafiet Billy ,   Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Yogyakarta Indonesia
Published: July 2023

This study aims to find out how much the coach's knowledge is related to talent identification in the community environment. This research is descriptive research with a survey method. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire which totaled 12 valid statements with a reliability value of 0.897. The sample in this study was 40 sports trainers in Yogyakarta, who were taken using a purposive sampling technique, with the criteria of coaches being elite coaches and having coached athletes. The results of the research on how high the trainer's knowledge is to identify android-based talent are: "very low" at 5.00%, "low" at 22.50%, "enough" at 32.50%, "high" at 32.50%, and "very high" of 7.50%.
Representing Queer in Popular Literature: Reader Analysis on Casey McQuiston’s Red, White & Royal Blue
Authors:   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283,Indonesia, Nafalitha Denitha , Syamsi Kastam ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283,Indonesia, Claresta Talitha Djulia ,   Gadjah Mada University, Bulaksumur, Caturtunggal, DI Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia, Saputri Mita ,   Yogyakarta State University, Jl. Colombo Yogyakarta No.1, Karang Malang, DI Yogyakarta, 55283, Indonesia
Published: July 2023

Following the increasing public awareness of gender issues nowadays, this also has an impact on the increasing frequency of topics that arise regarding gender in popular literary works, one of which is the queer representations in the LGBTQ+ community as shown in Casey McQuiston's Red, White & Royal Blue. How the queer community presented in this novel is also related to how the reader ultimately forms perceptions about the people in the community itself. This study aim to see how readers respond based on their interpretation and judgement of queer representations that appear in the main characters of the novel Red, White & Royal Blue. This study uses a qualitative approach, main data source in this study are in the form of readers' comments on the novel Red, White & Royal Blue taken from the Goodreads website. Specifically, this study uses the Encoding-Decoding reception theory model by Stuart Hall to see how readers respond to queer representations that appear in the novel, and what aspects attract readers that have an impact on the popularity of the novel. From the analysis conducted, it was concluded that (1) readers of Casey McQuiston's Red, White & Royal Blue regarding their response to queer representations that appear in the novel, are divided into 3 groups namely the dominant-hegemonic position, the negotiated position, and the oppositional position, (2) the queer representation that appears in the two main characters of this novel is the main factor that makes this novel so popular, besides that there are several aspects that are criticized by readers, but these do not really have an impact on the popularity of the novel.