bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RADICAL LUNG RESECTION IN TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Rogozhkin PV V , Borodulina EA A
Published: October 2020

Aim - to analyze afterhistory of TB patients who had radical lung resection. Methods of research. On the basis of the results of surgical treatment of 273 patients in 2010-2011, two groups were formed: the first group - patients who were deregistered due to their recovery; the second group -patients who had tuberculous process reactivated after surgery as recurrence or acute condition. Results. The effectiveness of tuberculosis surgical treatment in long-term period was proved in more than 90% of cases. Reactivation process started in 7.7% of cases, in patients who had multiple and extensive drug resistant MTB (53.3%), in patients who had destruction in the lung tissue (62%); in patients with fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis (33.3%), with comorbidity (52.4%), with complications in the early postoperative period (9.5%). Reactivation occurred more often in cases of wide surgical intervention, including cases with follow-up remedial thoracoplasty. If there are indications for surgical treatment, it is better to decide upon surgery within the first year of supervision.
NEW METHOD OF AUTOPLASTY OF KNEE ARTICULAR SURFACE DEFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH DESTRUCTIVE-DYSTROPHIC DISEASES
Authors: Kudashev DS S , Zuev-Ratnikov SD D
Published: October 2020

Aim - to evaluate the results of the treatment of patients with destructive-dystrophic diseases of the knee using a new method of autoplasty of articular surfaces. Materials and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 42 patients with destructive-dystrophic diseases of the knee were studied. All patients underwent surgical treatment with the use of a new method of autoplasty of articular surfaces. The operation is based on the technique of "classical" mosaic chondroplasty, but in addition we form a non-free muscle flap and pass it under the basis of osteo-cartilaginous autografts in the defect zone through a specially created canal. Comparative evaluation of surgical treatment results of the indicated clinical group of patients was carried out 3, 6 and 36 months after the operation. Treatment response was assessed according to the following indicators: WOMAC-index, Lequesne index, parameters of the rheovasography, functional electromyography and podometry. These indices allowed us to calculate integral indicators Хвц with the use of which we managed to develop mathematical models of clinical and functional state of the lower limb and analyze them. Results. Comparative analysis of the mathematical models (clinical and functional state of the lower limb) demonstrated that the use of the proposed method of autoplasty provided more expressed clinical remission and functional recovery of the lower limb after 12 months after the operation. The dynamics of changes in the integral index value in the early postoperative period clearly shows its tendency towards the normal value; this tendency is even more pronounced in the late postoperative period. This shows the positive progress of the ongoing reparative processes in the knee joint and better quality of restoration of the functional state of the lower limb. Conclusion. The proposed method of autoplasty of articular surfaces of the knee joint provides significantly greater clinical and functional recovery of the knee and may be recommended for clinical use.
PREOPERATIVE EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS WITH ANTERIOR-INFERIOR AND INFERIOR HABITUAL SHOULDER DISLOCATION
Authors: Larteev YuV V , Kobzarev VV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to determine a rational method for the treatment of patients with anterior-inferior and inferior habitual shoulder dislocation based on the results of examination of patients. Material and methods. The study involved analysis of the treatment results of 98 patients with anterior-inferior and inferior chronic instability of the shoulder joint. Patients were divided into two clinical groups. The first group consisted of 52 patients, and the choice of treatment was based only on the diagnosis and did not take into account the peculiarities of pathology in each particular patient, which led to unsatisfactory results. To improve the results of treatment of patients with anterior-inferior and inferior chronic instability of the shoulder joint, a set of diagnostic measures was proposed, which made it possible to choose the proper method and volume of intervention taking into account the direction of the dislocation and the plane ofjoint displacement. The second clinical group consisted of 46 patients who underwent examination and treatment according to the proposed complex. A detailed description of the proposed diagnostic complex is presented, including a number of clinical and instrumental methods for examining patients, and a self-administered questionnaire for the patients. Based on the results of the survey, taking into account the direction of the dislocation, the patients underwent surgical intervention, which made it possible to achieve stability of the joint and restore the function of the limb. Conclusion. The choice of optimal diagnostic complex with regard to the direction of dislocation and the plane of shoulder head displacement in habitual shoulder dislocation helps to choose pathogenically justified surgical method and contributes to the full functional restoration of the limb.
50th anniversary of the department of traumatology, ORTHOPAEDICS AND EXTREME SURGERY N.A. RAS ACADEMICIAN KRASNOV AF
Authors: Lartcev YuV V , Chernov AP P , Povelikhin AK K
Published: October 2020

The article presents a report about the work that has been done by the Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Extreme Surgery named after the Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Krasnov AF for the years of its existence, and also about the plans for the further development. The stages of formation and development of the department are described. Present state of educational, medical and scientific activities of the team is presented. The article shows what we have achieved during this period. The emphasis is placed on scientific and innovative work, experimental scientific research, and publications.
IMPLEMENTATION OF “POINT-OF-CARE TESTING” TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE CARE
Authors: Rakhmatullina IR R , Zolotukhin KN N , Samorodov AV V
Published: October 2020

The analysis in the centralized laboratory is the main model of laboratory diagnosis and monitoring in the conditions of intensive care. However, alternative models of “point-of-care testing” technology are being actively introduced nowadays. This review article presents the analysis of “Point-of-care testing” technologies from the perspective of the intensive care doctor. The main advantages of this monitoring idea include the speed of analysis and the cost of components. Among the disadvantages we can identify ambiguous assessment of the accuracy and objectivity of analyses, additional burden on the staff of resuscitation and intensive care units. Possible ways of resolving disputable issues aimed at improving quality and reproducibility of the analyses are outlined in this work. Despite the fact that currently “Point-of-care testing” technologies cannot replace centralized laboratories, they are steadily occupying a certain niche and are going to play a more important role in diagnosing and monitoring patients in critical condition.
INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY OF SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS VERIFICATION
Authors: Simerzin VV V , Fatenkov OV V , Gagloeva IV V , Galkina MA A , Molchanova ТЕ E , Yunusova YuR R
Published: October 2020

This review article presents duplex scanning of carotid arteries as a key and the most informative modern noninvasive innovation technology for diagnostics of subclinical atherosclerosis. It was noted that during primary prophylaxis the values of intima-media complex of these arteries allow performing risk stratification of patients and selection of high-risk patients for aggressive lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy.
MONITORING-CONTROL OF NOISE HAZARD OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Ovchinnikov EL L , Yashin SS S , Minaeva TI I
Published: October 2020

Aim - justification of the method of monitoring the noise hazard of the environment. Objects and methods. A residential area with installed equipment to assess noise hazard; determination of the spectral composition of real noise. Results. The article establishes and substantiates the ratio between the intensity (pressure) of the sounds of different frequencies and the loudness of the perceived tones as the inverse law of Weber-Ovchinnikov The ways of studying the relief of the sound field and monitoring of the acoustic landscape of the environment are outlined.
New Approaches to the Diagnosis of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Vasilev SYu Yu , Konstantinov DYu Yu , Popova LL L
Published: October 2020

Aim - to develop the method of non-invasive determination of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis С. Materials and methods. 446 patients with chronic HCV infection (aged from 18 to 65 years; male -52.3%; female - 47.7%) were comprehensively surveyed. The linear discriminant analysis with the exception of discriminatory variables used by the all registered laboratory and ultrasound indicators, as well as the age of patients was performed. The results of the survey of 223 patients were used to create the discriminant model and the results of a survey of the remaining 223 patients, were used for the testing of the accuracy of the received discrimination. Conclusion. The discriminant model for noninvasive determination of the degree of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C with high sensitivity - 88.0% and specificity is 96.2% is developed.
Emotional Burnout Syndrome Among Physicians and Teachers of Higher Education
Authors: Petrova NG G , Murzenko OV V
Published: October 2020

The bumout syndrome is becoming increasingly important especially in the conditions of social and psychological tension in the society. Health workers and teachers are at very high risk of it’s possessing. Aim - the study of the severity of burnout syndrome among different categories of medical staff and teachers of higher education and the development of proposals for its prevention. Materials and methods. By the method of K. Maslach and S. Jackson using a special questionnaire the data on the burnout syndrome severity of such manifestation as emotional exhaustion in doctors, nurses (working in the city polyclinic, hospital, commercial medical organization) and teachers of the medical University was studied. The total number of examined persons is 100 people. Results and discussion. The low attrition rate was presented in 37.0% cases; medium - in 44.0%; high - in 19,0%. The most marked signs were determined as emotional exhaustion among persons under 40 years of age, with an experience of up to 10 years; among those working in a polyclinic, teachers and nurses. Conclusion. On the basis of the data obtained, the measures for the prevention of burnout syndrome were proposed.
The Methods of Detection of Gait Disturbance and Postural Instability in Case of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Poverennova IE E , Kalinin VA A , Shpileva SA A
Published: October 2020

Parkinson’s disease takes first place among neurological diseases of senior persons and its prevalence consists of 2% among people elderly than 65 years old. Disturbance of gait and postural instability are the most important motor disorders in case of Parkinson’s disease. Aim - to reveal factors which influence on the falling down of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Materials and methods. The use of unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale for examination of patients with Parkinson’s disease was performed. Results of rating scales were analyzed due to regression analysis. Results. It was revealed that the most important factor of falling down is the disturbance of gait. Freezing of gait has little influence on falling. Conclusion. The use of such diagnostic tests in the routine neurological examination allows to optimize medication therapy and to use modern non- medication methods of correction of gait.
The Innovative Approach to Study of the Levator Ani Anatomy
Authors: Chemidronov SN N , Suvorova GN N , Chicheva IS S , Zelter PM M , Bakharev DV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the structure of levator ani muscle in men and women of the first and second adult periods and elder group according to CT scan. Materials and methods. Data from CT scans of 40 patients aged 20 to 70 years were used. In the "Autoplan" system, in the semi-automatic mode, threedimensional models of levator ani muscle were created. Results. Three-dimensional models of levator ani muscle were created and described: for young women and men of all ages, a keel-shaped and funnel-shaped levator ani muscle forms; and for women of advanced age - horseshoe form.
Morphological Features of the Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor
Authors: Yunusova YuR R , Fedorina TA A , Rozumny DV V , Shamin AV V
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare form of children neoplasm, characterized by intermediate biological behavior. In case of this, pathological diagnostics and valid tumor prognosis are difficult to perform; practitioners are not familiar enough with this pathology. Aim - to get an idea of the tumor morphological features, approaches to differential diagnosis of IMT, spreading in pediatric oncopathology, based on a review of modern literature. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis of soft tissue tumors in children operated for the period from 2007 to 2017 in Samara City Children's Clinical Hospital №1 n.a. Ivanova N.N. was performed. Among 1344 tumors, 5 cases verified as were detected IMT Results. Own clinical observations with children’s sex and age, tumor localization and speed of development, results of surgical treatment, tumor description in gross and in histological specimens, results of additional methods used in differential diagnostics from sarcomas are presented. Conclusions. Taking into account the tendency of tumor recurrence, the conclusion of the importance of morphological study of margins of tumor resection is made.
ПЕРВЫЙ ОПЫТ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТРЕХМЕРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ NGENUITY® 3D VISUALIZATION SYSTEM В ХИРУРГИИ КАТАРАКТ С ИМПЛАНТАЦИЕЙ PRE-LOADED ИНТРАОКУЛЯРНЫХ ЛИНЗ ACRYSOF IQ ULTRASERT
Authors: Stebnev VS S , Stebnev SD D , Malov IV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to evaluate the clinical efficacy and features of use new three-dimensional visualization system "NGENUITY' in surgery of cataract with implantation of "pre-loaded" intraocular lens "AcrySof IQ Ultrasert" (ALCON). Materials and methods. We investigated the clinical results of using a 3D visualization system "NGENUITY' cataract surgery in 100 patients (100 eyes) age of 64.3+6.1 years; 83 women and 17 men. Implanted monofocal IOLs "AcrySof IQ Ultrasert" company "Alcon" with a goal refraction Em+0,5 diopters with the use of navigation systems "VERION" (Alcon). Results. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. Examination of patients was carried out on 1 and 7 days and 1 and 3 months after surgery. The postoperative period was smooth, without injections. As a result of treatment, uncorrected visual acuity in the distance was 0.74+0.02 (0.2 to 1.0) and depended on the fundus condition. The average sphericules clinical refraction 0,38+0,47 dioptres. Refraction of the target was achieved in 91% of patients. Loss of corneal posterior epithelial cells was 3.8+1.5%. The results of the use of 3D imaging system "NGENUITY" in cataract surgery suggest that it has a number of significant advantages over the use of traditional methods of modern microsurgery. Summary. 1. A new three-dimensional visualization system "NGENUITY 3D Visualization System" provides the surgeon much more than just improved visuals. 2. Practical development and further technological development of the system "NGENUITY 3D Visualization System" opens new scientific and practical prospects in cataract surgery. 3. The use of the new system "ULTRASERT Preloaded IOL Delivery System" the implantation of a monofocal IOL significantly optimizes the surgery of cataracts. 4. New technological features of the system design "ULTRASERT Pre-loaded IOL Delivery System" enable to eliminate the risk of infection and damage to the lens, allow quick and stable placement in the capsular bag, a smooth postoperative period.
DUST LUNG DISEASE FROM THE STANDPOINT OF EVIDENCE: PROFESSIONAL RISK AND MOLECULAR MARKERS
Authors: Babanov SA A , Budash DS S
Published: October 2020

Aim - to assess the level of professional pulmonological morbidity, occupational risks and the most significant factors of the immune profile under the influence of industrial fibrogenic aerosols. Results. Mathematical modeling was carried out and a mathematical model was developed to determine the types of the disease in persons who have contact with industrial fibrogenic aerosols, and allows to correlate a new case to the group of contact (or variants of the course of dust lung diseases) or exclude the diagnosis of dust lung diseases.
ENDOVENOUS LAZER COAGULATION: LONG-TERM RESULT - CRITERION OF TRUTH
Authors: Shalashov A G , Kazantsev A V
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to study the long-term results of endovenous laser coagulation in patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities. Material and methods. The study included 241 patients with varicose disease of the lower limbs veins, who underwent surgical treatment using the method of endovenous laser coagulation. Results. The technical success of the operation was achieved in all cases, which was confirmed by color duplex scanning. There were no intraoperative complications. Long-term outcome was studied in 174 (72.2%) patients in the period up to 5 years. During the follow-up period the GSV occlusion signs were detected in 168 (96.4%) patients, partial recanalization of the GSV was registered in 6 (3.5%) patients.
OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES: COURSE PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
Authors: Kazantsev A V
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to develop a course prognosis method for obliterating atherosclerosis of femoropopliteal and tibial localization. Material and methods. We studied a group of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of femoropopliteal and tibial localization. The subjects for analysis were significant prognostic clinical, hemodynamic, hemostasiological, immunological characteristics, markers of endothelial dysfunction, changes in lipid profile. Results. As a result of multivariate analysis the pathogenetically substantiated prediction system with the disease index calculation was developed. The obliterative atherosclerosis course with index less than 13 points is assessed as non progressive, with index 13 points and more - as progressive.
EVALUATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF POPULATION AGEING
Authors: Sirotko M L
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to make an assessment of the actual situation in the population ageing process and to define its tendency. Material and methods. The classification characteristics are defined based on the calculation on the elderly people ratio to the total number of people. The structure of the international ranking is presented. The modern approach such as a prospective age was the basis of the ageing evaluation. The point of analysis was the ageing tendency in the Samara region population in the 20th century, observing its range and structure marks, the degree according to the ageing index. Results. The prognostic ageing values of the 2010 year for the period till 2031were corrected. The escalation of the eldest population group in the nearest future was decisively proved. The further interdisciplinary problem management was stated to be focused on, as the elderly people are crucially dependent on the just-in-time and full-range healthcare services supported by the social adaptation.
PHARMACOECONOMICS OF TREATMENT PATIENTS WITH HIGH LEVEL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Authors: Fatenkov Oleg V. , Panisheva Yana A. , Galkina Mariya A. , Sytdykov Il'nar Kh.
Published: October 2020

This review highlights the principles of early diagnosis and treatment of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Innovative and highly efficient technologies exist for prevention of the atherosclerotic process in the arterial part of the vascular system, its inhibition and elimination. They help to stabilize the patient's condition and to reduce the target organs damage. The treatment strategy, described in this review, is effective in terms of cure and pharmacoeconomics. It decreases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its complications in patients. The positive outcomes are the decrease of exposure to extreme level of LDL-C, reduction of the cumulative burden of disease and mortality rate, the extension of patients' life expectancy.
ESTABLISHING AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEMATOLOGY SERVICE IN RUSSIA
Authors: Sheshunova Regina A.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - in this review of the hematology service in Russia we focus on its characteristic features in formation, structure, development and prospect. Results. The review presents the characteristics of the Russian hematology service in whole period of existence - starting from its origin and leading to its modern condition. The problems and prospects for development of the hematology service are thoroughly considered.
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY CHARACTERISTICS IN CHILDREN WITH TONSILLITIS IN COURSE OF ACUTE INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Authors: Santalova Galina V. , Plakhotnikova Svetlana V. , Gasilina Elena S.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to improve a method of assessment for adaptive capacity of children with tonsillitis in course of acute infectious diseases, based on the parameters of the autonomic nervous system. Material and methods. The prospective study included clinical, anamnestic and laboratory examination of children with acute infectious diseases with concurrent tonsillitis syndrome. The factors under study underwent a systematic multivariate analysis. Results. Heart rate variability was assessed with the following comparative statistical analysis of the acquired data. By mathematical modeling we estimated the influence of the studied factors on the adaptation process. Based on the developed models, a diagnostic algorithm was proposed. Conclusion. Mathematical modeling of the basic ANS function parameters in children with tonsillitis and acute infectious diseases of different etiology has allowed to improve the assessment of the adaptive capacity and to identify the crucial factors which influence the choice of examination tactics.
Polymorphism of C/T-13910 lactase gene and anthropometric data of girls born in Samara
Authors: Spiridonova N. V , Sazonova O. V , Bezrukova A. A
Published: October 2020

Objectives -to assess the prevalence of C/T-13910 polymorphism of the lactase gene in the population of children in Samara and to identify the relationship with height, body weight and body mass index. Material and methods. The study included 103 girls aged 3-6 years. Their height and body weight were measured, and buccal samples were taken to genotype lactase activity (determining the C/T-13910 variant). Results. In girls born and living in Samara, the frequency of allele 13910-T was 48.6%. The СС genotype was detected in 51.4%, the СГ genotype in 37.9% and the TT genotype in 10.7%. There was no statistically significant relationship between genotype and body weight and height, but all children with the TT genotype had a height of more than 25 percentiles, the vast majority of overweight and obese girls (91%) had the СС genotype or the CT genotype.
The effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis in virtual reality
Authors: Zakharov A. V , Khivintseva E. V , Kolsanov A. V , Voronin A. S
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to review the results of the use of virtual reality for the rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis. Material and methods. А bibliographic review of the PubMed database was conducted using the keywords "multiple sclerosis" and "virtual reality". The review was performed in accordance with the recommendations of the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis" (PRISMA). Results. The analysis included 45 articles. Only 10 articles were subjected to final analysis. Conclusion. Virtual reality is a potentially effective alternative to traditional motor rehabilitation for patients with multiple sclerosis.
Process approach to management of patients with proximal femur fracture in city out-patient hospital
Authors: Nazarkina I. M , Suslin S. A , Khmelevskikh O. V , Fedoseev M. M , Bratiychuk A. N , Izmalkov S. N
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to analyze the results of process approach to managing patients with proximal femur fracture during one year after the injury, in primary health care center. Materials and methods. We compared the clinical data of patients with proximal femur fracture before the implementation of process management in primary health care and after it. The total number of patients was 233. We used statistical, analytical research methods, as well as organizational modeling. Results. The active use of process approach in the clinic resulted in statistically significant improvement in patients' complete rehabilitation, reduction of the number of local and general complications, and decrease of mortality rate during the first year after the injury from 35.2% to 8.5%. Conclusion. At the stage of primary health care, a step-by-step algorithm, which activates the patients effectively by involving a surgeon, a therapist and the patient's relatives in the rehabilitation process, contributes to mortality reduction, improvement of treatment and rehabilitation results.
Relapse of ovarian neoplasm: individual risk assessment algorithm
Authors: Savinova A. R , Gataullin I. G
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to develop an algorithm for assessing the individual risk of ovarian cancer recurrence. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of patients with ovarian cancer in the period 2010-2015 was carried out. Finally, data of 1103 patients was reinvestigated, ovarian cancer relapse was registered in 907 patients (mean age: 58.7+12 years; interquartile range: 50-68 years). 196 patients with ovarian cancer did not have relapse for the mentioned time period (mean age: 63.1 + 13.6 years; interquartile range: 53-74 years). In the first stage of investigation, a unifactorial analysis of prognostic factors of ovarian cancer relapse was carried out. In the second stage, the most significant factors were analyzed with the aid of binary regression. As a result, a final formula of the assessment of individual risk of ovarian cancer relapse was developed, which we have named ARRNO (Algorithm of the Assessment of Risk of Relapse of Neoplasm of Ovary). Results. From 12 prognostic factors, we selected 6 ones with the aid of binary regression: stage, hystotype, tumor differentiation grade, results of post-chemotherapy ultrasound examination, CA 125 pretreatment levels, HE4 post-treatment levels. The final ARRNO score was developed on the basis of binary regression formula. Depending on the value of ARRNO score the risk could be divided into low (0.00- 0.39), moderate (0.40-0.85) and high (0.86-1.00). Conclusion. The algorithm of the risk assessment of recurrence of ovarian cancer has a high sensitivity and specificity and allows for stratification of patients into groups of high, moderate and low risk. Integration of the ARRNO in the follow-up plan of ovarian cancer patients, after accomplishment of the first-line therapy, could enhance the treatment planning and timely prevention.
Virtual reality in rehabilitation of sensorineural hearing loss in adults
Authors: Vladimirova Tatyana Yu. , Aizenshtadt Lubov V. , Kurenkov Alexandr V. , Martynova Anastasia B.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to study the influence of the individual characteristics of a patient with chronic sensorineural hearing loss on the perception of VR technique. Material and methods. The perception of VR was studied in 77 people in relation to their gender, age, auditory function, psychological and cognitive status. Results. All the patients positively evaluated the use of the virtual reality method. The level of perception of VR in adults is determined by the degree of auditory impairment. A negative correlation was revealed between the indicators of cognitive and psychological status of the examined persons and the level of perception of VR. Conclusion. The VR technique can improve the existing aural rehabilitation methods, especially in the group of people with socially significant hearing impairments.
Isolated lesions of the sphenoid sinus: features of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Larin Roman A. , Krasilnikova Svetlana V. , Shakhov Andrey V. , Suzaeva Polina V. , Pisarev Evgeni N.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to analyze the cases of isolated lesions of the sphenoid sinuses and to identify the main errors in the differential diagnosis in the prehospital and treatment periods. Material and methods. The study includes the data on the treatment of 58 patients with an isolated lesion of the sphenoid sinus in the period 2015-2018. The patients' age varied from 18 to 68 years. Gender distribution: men - 21 (30.7%), women - 37 (69.3%). Results. The following surgical approaches were used: transnasal access, extended transnasal access, transetmoid access, access according to the Bolger Box technique. In one case, the transpterygoid approach was used. When performing extended access, it was possible to achieve the formation of persistent, epithelized anastomosis in all the cases. In polypous-purulent forms of sphenoiditis, the relapses of the disease were most often observed, however, only anti-inflammatory therapy was required, including a sinus irrigation through the formed anastomosis. Conclusion. Further studies are required, to examine the features/ safety and clinical efficacy of the various endosurgical approaches.
Morphological and functional state of the nasal cavity after surgical interventions in the vertical section of the lacrimal ducts
Authors: Fileva Lyubov V. , Ovchinnikov Andrey Y.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to compare the condition of the nasal cavity after a dacryocystorhinostomy of external and endonasal access. Material and methods. Comparative assessment of the results of the study of 96 patients with chronic dacryocystitis was done. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included persons who underwent the videoendoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy; group 2 - patients with external dacryocystorhinostomy. For all the participants, there were registered the complaints and anamnesis, the data of video-endoscopy of the nasal cavity, anterior active rhinomanometry, transport and olfactory functions. The information on the state of the nasal cavity after surgery in the vertical section of the lacrimal ducts was also obtained. Results. In both groups we revealed the changes in the mucous membrane, in the anatomical structures of the nasal cavity, in the mobility of the ciliated epithelium, respiratory functions and olfaction. When comparing the results in both groups, the statistically significant differences were found in the questionnaire data - a complaint of lacrimation, and the data on the mucociliary clearance disorders (p
Middle ear functional state in case of pathological changes of nose and throat
Authors: Kalesnikava Sviatlana M. , Merkulava Elena P.
Published: October 2020

Objectives -to compare the functional state of middle ear in adults in case of various pathology of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and throat. Material and methods. In 2018-2019 period, 151 patient, aged from 16 to 70 years, was examined by acoustic impedancemetry. The patients reported the subjective satisfactory state of the acoustic organ, but had a pathology of the upper respiratory tract. Results. In the groups, there were no significant differences associated with gender. Most of the patients were of working age. In all study groups, the impaired function of the auditory tube, with various intensity, was registered, although the patients had no hearing complaints. At the same time, the acumetry and tonal threshold audiometry data indicated the normal acuity of hearing. Conclusion. Acute and chronic sinusitis was the most frequent risk factor for middle ear ventilation disorder. A quarter of patients with acute sinusitis, without otological complaints, had type B and C tympanograms. 93.7% of patients, who had undergone the surgical correction of the deviated nasal septum, did not have a middle ear ventilation disorder. Surgical intervention in the nasal cavity and oropharynx leads to a transient dysfunction of the auditory tube, but does not require special treatment due to self-recovery.
Diagnostic significance of subjective techniques for the study of the acoustic organ in patients with primary arterial hypertension
Authors: Lisotskaya Viktoryia V. , Merkulova Elena P. , Greben Nikolay I. , Eremenko Yuliya E.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to evaluate the diagnostic significance of subjective techniques for the study of the acoustic organ in patients with primary arterial hypertension (HT) Material and methods. 40 patients (n = 40) were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 included patients with HT, group 2 - conditionally healthy patients, examined at the Republican Center for Research and Practice in Otorhinolaryngology, in 2018-2019. The mathematical statistics, Student t-test were used. Results. The patients in the group 1 presented the following complaints: the decrease in speech intelligibility 80% (n=16), difficulty in recognizing the speech in polyphony 70% (n=14), tinnitus 60% (n=12), hearing loss 15% (n=3). Otoscopy in both groups was within normal. Whisper test result was 6 m in the conditionally healthy patients. In patients with HT, the whisper test with familiar multi-syllable words resulted as 6±0.5 m. However, the mono-syllable word hearing in all patients was reduced to 4±0.5 m. Type A tympanogram was registered in patients of both groups (n=40) with bilateral acoustic reflex. High-frequency audiometry showed changes in 1/3 of the patients in HT group (n=6). Monoaural speech intelligibility (multi-syllable words) at the comfortable hearing threshold was not significantly different in both study groups. The binaural speech intelligibility tested by alternating binaural speech at the comfortable auditory threshold reached 80±5% (t>0,95), along with extremely low pass percentage (35%) in digital dichotic tests in patients with HT, that can suggest the feasible central mechanism of the auditory analyzer lesion. Conclusion. HT is a systemic disease that causes an impairment of the acoustic organ at the central and peripheral levels. In addition to the standard batch of hearing tests, it is recommended to use the superthreshold speech intelligibility tests in patients with arterial hypertension.
Comparison of pharmacological activity of hawthorn fruits preparations
Authors: Kurkin Vladimir A. , Zaitceva Elena N. , Avdeeva Elena V. , Stenyaeva Viktoriya V. , Shaikhutdinov Ilnur Kh. , Zhdanova Alina V.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - a comparative study of antidepressant activity and diuretic action of water and water-alcohol preparations of the fruits of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. Materials and methods. The study covers the water and alcohol-water extracts from the fruits of hawthorn blood-red (Crataegus sanguinea Pall.) and Quebec hawthorn (Crataegus submollis Sarg.). The comparative study of the antidepressant activity and the diuretic action of the preparations was carried out on white mongrel rats of both sexes. Results. The liquid extracts of fruits Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. at a dose of 100 μl/kg revealed an antidepressant activity. Decoctions of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. at a dose of 100 μl/kg had a pronounced diuretic and saluretic activity. Pharmacotherapeutic effects of the studied preparations can be explained by the presence of flavonoids in them. Conclusion. The preparations of the fruits of Crataegus sanguinea Pall. and Crataegus submollis Sarg. can be recommended as antidepressant and diuretic agents. The fruits of Crataegus submollis Sarg. are the promising medicinal plant raw materials.
El derecho y su praxis en el deporte, un contexto de reflexión
Authors: Castro Campos Pedro Alfonso
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objeto abordar algunas premisas teóricas sobre el derecho y su aplicación en el ámbito deportivo. Se fundamenta en la revisión de artículos y otros referentes bibliográficos. A través del análisis sistemático, como estrategia epistemológica, se genera un marco de reflexión desde el concepto de deporte, su perspectiva competitiva, su trascendencia como fenómeno social, su impacto en el desarrollo económico de Colombia y algunos cambios en la legislación. Se realiza una aproximación holística al derecho del deporte como disciplina, desde varios enfoques: la necesidad de mejorar su aplicabilidad, algunos vacíos, limitantes en su praxis y su potencial. Se reflexiona en torno al tribunal de arbitraje internacional, como mecanismo alternativo en la resolución de conflictos jurídicos deportivos. Por último, se plantean algunas conclusiones producto del análisis.
Propaganda as a means of implementing the ideological function of the state
Authors: Bredikhin Aleksey , Udaltsov Andrey
Published: October 2020

In the article the authors analyze the essence of propaganda as a means of implementing ideological function of the state. It is noted that propaganda is a mechanism of spreading information persuasive influence in the interpretation and estimation of state power representatives. The structure of propaganda is determined: beneficiary of propaganda, subjects of propaganda, content of propaganda, channels of realization of propaganda, addressee of propaganda, feedback system. Types of propaganda are distinguished: political, axiological, educational, preventive. The authors come to the conclusion that the basic directions and the propaganda content are established in normative acts and the programs and organizational actions accepted according to them. Along with the implementation of propaganda, the ideological function is implemented by prohibiting or restricting propaganda or other dissemination of information that endangers the foundations of the constitutional order and is otherwise aimed at destabilizing the political situation in the State, as well as prohibiting the propaganda of ideas that may harm the foundations of morality and morality. The mass media are essential in carrying out propaganda. The State widely uses this resource on an equal footing with other actors to disseminate ideas of public importance and uses the services of various communication agencies. However, the state forms a legal framework for the mass media, their rights and limitations, which still determines the special position of the state in this process.
Modern high-technological methods of forging overprinting seals and stamps in documents
Authors: Skripchenko Andrey , Ivanova Elena
Published: October 2020

The article analyzes the features of modern high-tech methods for counterfeiting overprinting of the seals and stamps in documents. All of them reflect the technological features and technical equipment current time in which they were invented and actively used. The authors pay special attention to the physical modeling of printing plates from overprinting of seals, computer modeling of digital images of overprinting took from the sealing, as well as the manufacture of counterfeit printing plates from digital camera-ready copies of the overprinting obtained in the process of computer simulation. The paper considers approximate sets of features characterizing various high-tech methods of counterfeiting overprinting of the seals and stamps in documents. In preparing the article, general-scientific methods of empirical knowledge (comparison, description), general-logical methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, as well as methods of systemic-structural analysis were used. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the detected signs that characterize modern methods of counterfeiting overprinting of the seals and stamps in documents. The article’s conclusions are practically oriented and will enhance the detection and investigation of crimes committed using sham papers.
Features of criminalistic tactics in the system of scientific knowledge and its relationship with other units of criminalistics
Authors: Shirshov Boris
Published: October 2020

The topicality of the research problem. Criminalistic tactics to be a system of special scientific statements is designed to optimize investigative activity related to applying means and methods of crime investigation. At the present stage among many theoretical and methodological issues concerning both criminalistics and its units, the question of the concept and content of criminalistic tactics in the system of scientific knowledge is said to be relevant. The research problem definition. The presented structure and the basis of the concept of criminalistic tactics as recommendations limits its subject sphere and does not take into account its close relationship with other units of criminalistics. The research aim. To determine correctly the role and place of criminalistic tactics in the system of scientific knowledge it is necessary to consider in detail the relationship of the latter with its other units, including other interdisciplinary social sciences. The research methods. The research methodology is delivered by analytical methods, empirical methods of comparison, description and interpretation, methods of analysis and synthesis, methods of induction and deduction. The key conclusions and recommendations. Criminalistic tactics includes general recommendations of the crime to be investigated; its statements are not related to the details of a particular illegal action. However, the statements and methods of criminalistic tactics are closely connected with other units of criminalistics and other sciences, such as Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure Law, etc. This relationship is not of one-side character as the statements of one unit influence development of the statements of other scientific knowledge. Thus, at present the issue of expanding the subject area and the possibilities of criminalistic tactics is of great importance, taking into account its general principles, influence of individual scientific theories of criminalistics and the main aspects of the close relationship of the latter with other sciences.
Assessment of psychological status and coping resources of students of the educational organization of the MIA of Russia in the conditions of self-isolation
Authors: Arbuzova Elena , Semakova Anastasiya
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The paper examines the emotional sphere of students of the educational organization of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia in conditions of self-isolation. At the same time, the phenomenon of self-isolation is considered from the point of view of the impact on the subject of both stress factors and the situation of partial, including social, deprivation. It is the complexity of such an impact that caused the relevance of the study. Purpose of research. Study of dynamics of changes in States and resources of coping behavior in the process of self-isolation of students of the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of internal Affairs of Russia. Method of research. The structure of the research methods was included Luscher test, CHOICE ln. Sobchik, the questionnaire of the current emotional state (SUPOS-8), method of multivariate study of personality by R. Cattell (form C) questionnaire IHC Plutchik R., Kellerman H., questionnaire (SACS) S. Hobfoll. The main results of the research. the research process identified the key indicators in the structure of the emotional sphere of students as a primary indicator of personal change, the main quality parameters of these changes included the increase of General dissatisfaction, of pessimism, apathy, powerlessness, resentment of life, relaxation, anxiety levels and fears on the background of General decrease of parameters of motivation. The specificity of transformation of the system of protective reactions during the quarantine period from 1 month to 1.5 months is shown. Conclusion. The conclusion is made about the forms of correctional work that can stabilize emotional States at a comfortable level for continuing education.
The preliminary ruling procedure at the court of justice of the European Union and transformation of European anti-discrimination law
Authors: Sorokina Elena
Published: October 2020

The preliminary ruling procedure is an essential feature of the EU legal system, which is a unique cooperation tool as part of the dialogue between the Court of Justice of the EU and national courts of the Member States. Its main purpose is to ensure uniform interpretation and application of the provisions of EU law with all Member States and to preserve the uniformity of the European legal system. The continuous use by national courts of the Member States of the mechanism of preliminary ruling and constructive inter-judicial cooperation, the Court of Justice has developed an extremely extensive case law on the prohibition of discrimination and with the result to introduce substantial changes in European anti-discrimination law.The preliminary rulings of the Court of Justice have shown its inclination to expand notions of what constitutes discrimination and in most cases the Court prompt by the desire to interpret the provisions of European law so as to ensure the full effectiveness of the law, as well as a willingness to promote and strengthen protection against discrimination in Europe. While the protection against discrimination on some grounds is stronger than others, however, the preliminary rulings of the Court of Justice are important contribution to the transformation of anti-discrimination law, promote change in the national legislation of the Member States and provide the more effective protection of human rights in general.