bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine phosphatase STEP61 in human dementia and in animal models with amyloid and tau pathology
Authors: Taylor Deonne , Kneynsberg Andrew , van Roijen Marloes , Götz Jürgen
Published: January 2023

Synaptic degeneration is a precursor of synaptic and neuronal loss in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia with tau pathology (FTD-tau), a group of primary tauopathies. A critical role in this degenerative process is assumed by enzymes such as the kinase Fyn and its counterpart, the phosphatase striatal-enriched tyrosine phosphatase 61 (STEP61). Whereas the role of Fyn has been widely explored, less is known about STEP61 that localises to the postsynaptic density (PSD) of glutamatergic neurons. In dementias, synaptic loss is associated with an increased burden of pathological aggregates. Tau pathology is a hallmark of both AD (together with amyloid-β deposition) and FTD-tau. Here, we examined STEP61 and its activity in human and animal brain tissue and observed a correlation between STEP61 and disease progression. In early-stage human AD, an initial increase in the level and activity of STEP61 was observed, which decreased with the loss of the synaptic marker PSD-95; in FTD-tau, there was a reduction in STEP61 and PSD-95 which correlated with clinical diagnosis. In APP23 mice with an amyloid-β pathology, the level and activity of STEP61 were increased in the synaptic fraction compared to wild-type littermates. Similarly, in the K3 mouse model of FTD-tau, which we assessed at two ages compared to wild-type, expression and activity of STEP61 were increased with ageing. Together, these findings suggest that STEP contributes differently to the pathogenic process in AD and FTD-tau, and that its activation may be an early response to a degenerative process.
Stroma-derived miR-214 coordinates tumor dissemination
Authors: Orso Francesca , Virga Federico , Dettori Daniela , Dalmasso Alberto , Paradzik Mladen , Savino Aurora , Pomatto Margherita A. C. , Quirico Lorena , Cucinelli Stefania , Coco Martina , Mareschi Katia , Fagioli Franca , Salmena Leonardo , Camussi Giovanni , Provero Paolo , Poli Valeria , Mazzone Massimiliano , Pandolfi Pier Paolo , Taverna Daniela
Published: January 2023

Background

Tumor progression is based on a close interaction between cancer cells and Tumor MicroEnvironment (TME). Here, we focus on the role that Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) and microRNAs (miRs) play in breast cancer and melanoma malignancy.

Methods

We used public databases to investigate miR-214 expression in the stroma compartment of primary human samples and evaluated tumor formation and dissemination following tumor cell injections in miR-214 overexpressing (miR-214over) and knock out (miR-214ko) mice. In addition, we dissected the impact of Conditioned Medium (CM) or Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from miR-214-rich or depleted stroma cells on cell metastatic traits.

Results

We evidence that the expression of miR-214 in human cancer or metastasis samples mostly correlates with stroma components and, in particular, with CAFs and MSCs. We present data revealing that the injection of tumor cells in miR-214over mice leads to increased extravasation and metastasis formation. In line, treatment of cancer cells with CM or EVs derived from miR-214-enriched stroma cells potentiate cancer cell migration/invasion in vitro. Conversely, dissemination from tumors grown in miR-214ko mice is impaired and metastatic traits significantly decreased when CM or EVs from miR-214-depleted stroma cells are used to treat cells in culture. Instead, extravasation and metastasis formation are fully re-established when miR-214ko mice are pretreated with miR-214-rich EVs of stroma origin. Mechanistically, we also show that tumor cells are able to induce miR-214 production in stroma cells, following the activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling, which is then released via EVs subsequently up-taken by cancer cells. Here, a miR-214-dependent pro-metastatic program becomes activated.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the relevance of stroma-derived miR-214 and its release in EVs for tumor dissemination, which paves the way for miR-214-based therapeutic interventions targeting not only tumor cells but also the TME.
Inter-hospital cardiorespiratory telemonitoring of newborns and infants: a wellworking example of a hub and spoke network
Authors: Arzilli Cinzia , Annunziata Monica , Ernst Carola-Maria , Peruzzi Marta , Macucci Chiara , Pochesci Saverio , Nassi Niccolò
Published: January 2023

Background

Patients who experience cardiorespiratory events usually have to be moved to specialized centers to perform cardiorespiratory studies. To avoid the transfer of these patients to specialized centers, a network has been created based on an interchange system, where the recordings were uploaded in unspecialized centers (spokes) and downloaded by the Sleep Disorders Breathing (SDB) Center (hub) to be analyzed.

Methods

The inter-hospital network was established in November 2008. Initially only 3 non-tertiary hospitals in the Tuscany Region joined the network. Currently, 12 Tuscany hospitals are included.

Results

From November 2008 to December 2020, 625 recordings were collected belonging to 422 infants.

No recurrent life-threatening episode or infant death occurred in the study population and none of the infants needed to be readmitted or be moved to a tertiary center, except infants who underwent home monitoring.

The discharge diagnoses belong to the following categories: apnoea, respiratory problem of the newborn, syncope, gastroesophageal reflux, altered consciousness, transient loss of consciousness and cyanosis.

Conclusions

This study shows that the inter-hospital network is an efficient system that allows accurate and safe management of infants at risk for apnoea, bradycardia, and hypoxemia to remain in unspecialized centers, avoiding unnecessary transfers of patients and over – hospitalizations.
Predictors for pulmonary artery involvement in Takayasu arteritis and its cluster analysis
Authors: Liao Hua , Zhang Nan , Pan Lili , Du Juan , Liu Jiayi , Zheng Yi
Published: January 2023

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics and the site of pulmonary involvement in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients with pulmonary artery involvement (PAI).

Methods

We retrospectively investigated data of 141 TAK patients. The clinical and image data of the patients with and without PAI were analyzed and compared. The patients were followed up. The major outcome was all-cause mortality. The minor outcome was exacerbation or new occurrence of PAI, which leads to disease progression events.

Results

For the 141 TAK patients considered, PAI was detected in 65 (46.1%) patients. TAK patients with PAI had a significantly higher cumulative incidence of events than those without PAI (P < 0.001). The frequencies of the following were significantly higher in TAK with PAI than those in TAK without PAI: disease duration [median 96 months (IQR: 24–174) vs. median 42 months (IQR: 6–120); P = 0.012], hemoptysis (10.8% vs. 1.32%; P = 0.040), oppression in the chest (40.0% vs. 21.1%; P = 0.014), fever (23.1% vs. 9.21%; P = 0.024), Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (21.5% vs. 6.57%; P = 0.010), pulmonary hypertension (PAH) (21.5% vs. 2.6%; P < 0.001), pulmonary infarction (41.5% vs. 0%; P < 0.001), and hypoxemia (18.5% vs. 1.3%; P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of data of TAK patients with symptom presentation showed that oppression in the chest (OR: 2.304; 95% CI: 1.024–5.183; P = 0.044) and thoracic aorta involvement (OR: 2.819; 95% CI: 1.165–6.833; P = 0.022) were associated with PAI. The cluster analysis performed for data of TAK patients with PAI revealed that the cluster characterized as the upper lobe of the right lung (Cluster1) had the worst prognosis.

Conclusion

In TAK, PAI is associated with thoracic aorta involvement. In TAK patients with PAI, the involvement of the upper lobe of the right lung is characterized with the worst prognosis.
Substance use disorder and alcohol consumption patterns among Dutch physicians: a nationwide register-based study
Authors: Geuijen Pauline , Schellekens Arnt , Schene Aart , Atsma Femke
Published: January 2023

Purpose

Problematic substance use and Substance Use Disorders (SUD) are common in all layers of the population. Several studies suggest higher prevalence rates of problematic substance use among physicians compared to the general population, which is harmful for themselves and potentially impairs quality of care. However, nationwide comparison with a highly educated reference group is lacking. Using nationwide register data, this study compared the prevalence of clinical SUD diagnoses and alcohol consumption patterns between physicians and a highly educated reference population.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed using registry data from 2011 up to and including 2019, provided by Statistics Netherlands. From the data, a highly educated reference group was selected and those with an active medical doctor registration were identified as “physicians”. Clinical SUD diagnoses were identified by DSM-IV codes in mental healthcare registries. Benchmark analyses were performed, without statistical testing, to compare the prevalence of SUD diagnoses and alcohol consumption patterns between physicians and the reference population.

Results

Clinical SUD diagnoses were found among 0.3% of the physicians and 0.5% of the reference population, with higher proportions of sedative use disorder among physician patients. Among drinkers, the prevalence rates of heavy and excessive drinking were respectively 4.0% and 4.3% for physicians and 7.7% and 6.4% for the reference population.

Conclusion

Prevalence rates of SUD diagnoses were fairly comparable between physicians and the highly educated reference population, but physicians displayed more favorable alcohol consumption patterns. The use of sedatives by physicians might deserve attention, given the relatively higher prevalence of sedative use disorder among physicians. Overall, we observed relatively low prevalence rates of SUD diagnoses and problematic alcohol use, which may reflect a treatment gap and social desirable answers.
Arginase-1 inhibition reduces migration ability and metastatic colonization of colon cancer cells
Authors: Wang Xiangdong , Xiang Huihui , Toyoshima Yujiro , Shen Weidong , Shichi Shunsuke , Nakamoto Hiroki , Kimura Saori , Sugiyama Ko , Homma Shigenori , Miyagi Yohei , Taketomi Akinobu , Kitamura Hidemitsu
Published: January 2023

Background

Arginase-1 (ARG1), a urea cycle-related enzyme, catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to urea and ornithine, which regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and function of various cells. However, it is unclear whether ARG1 controls the progression and malignant alterations of colon cancer.

Methods

We established metastatic colonization mouse model and ARG1 overexpressing murine colon cancer CT26 cells to investigate whether activation of ARG1 was related to malignancy of colon cancer cells in vivo. Living cell numbers and migration ability of CT26 cells were evaluated in the presence of ARG inhibitor in vitro.

Results

Inhibition of arginase activity significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration ability of CT26 murine colon cancer cells in vitro. Overexpression of ARG1 in CT26 cells reduced intracellular l-arginine levels, enhanced cell migration, and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Metastatic colonization of CT26 cells in lung and liver tissues was significantly augmented by ARG1 overexpression in vivo. ARG1 gene expression was higher in the tumor tissues of liver metastasis than those of primary tumor, and arginase inhibition suppressed the migration ability of HCT116 human colon cancer cells.

Conclusion

Activation of ARG1 is related to the migration ability and metastatic colonization of colon cancer cells, and blockade of this process may be a novel strategy for controlling cancer malignancy.
An optimal solution to unit commitment problem of realistic integrated power system involving wind and electric vehicles using chaotic slime mould optimizer
Authors: Dhawale Dinesh , Kamboj Vikram Kumar , Anand Priyanka
Published: January 2023

Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) could be integrated into power networks to meet rising demand as well as provide mobile storage to help the electric grid operate more efficiently. The most efficient charging and discharging of PEVs are required for the effective utilization of this potential. PEVs with poor charging management may see a spike in peak demand, resulting in increased generation. To take advantage of off-peak charging benefits and avoid load shedding, PEVs charging and discharging must be intelligently scheduled. This paper offers a solution to optimal generation scheduling and the impact of vehicle to grid (V2G) operation in the presence of wind as a renewable energy source using the chaotic slime mould algorithm (CSMA). Further, the effectiveness of the proposed simulation results for a 10-unit system incorporating V2G operation has been compared with other well-known optimization techniques such as harmony search algorithm (HAS), chemical reaction optimization(CRO), genetic algorithm and artificial neural network(GA-ANN), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and cuckoo search (CS). The comparative analysis of the results reveals a significant cost savings in power generation.
Machine Learning Model of Emergency Department Use for Patients Undergoing Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer Using Comprehensive Multifactor Electronic Health Records
Authors: Mayo Charles S. , Mierzwa Michelle , Yalamanchi Pratyusha , Evans Joseph , Worden Francis , Medlin Richard , Schipper Matthew , Schonewolf Caitlin , Shah Jennifer , Spector Matthew , Swiecicki Paul , Mayo Katherine , Casper Keith
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

To use a hybrid method, combining statistical profiling, machine learning (ML), and clinical evaluation to predict emergency department (ED) visits among patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiation therapy from 2015 to 2019 were identified using electronic health record data. Records from 60 days before 90 days after treatment were analyzed. Statistical profiling and ML were used to create a predictive model for ED visits during or after radiation therapy. A comprehensive set of variables were studied. Multiple ML models were developed including extreme gradient-boosted decision tree and generalized logistic regression with comparison of multiple predictive performance metrics.

RESULTS

Of the 1,355 patients studied, 13% had an ED visit during or after treatment. Our hybrid methodology enabled evidence-based winnowing of candidate features from 141 to 11 with clinically applicable, evidence-based thresholds. Extreme gradient boosting had the highest area under the curve (0.81 ± 0.06) with a sensitivity of 0.89 ± 0.10 and exceeded generalized logistic regression (area under the curve 0.64 ± 0.02). Significant predictors of ED visits during treatment included increasingly complex opioid use, number of prior ED visits, tumor volume, rate of change of blood urea nitrogen, total bilirubin, body mass index, and distance from hospital.

CONCLUSION

Our approach combining bootstrapped statistical profiling and ML importance analysis supported integration of clinician input to identify a distilled set of phenotypical characteristics for developing ML models predicting which patients undergoing head and neck cancer radiation therapy were at risk for ED visits.
GAB1 as a Marker of Recurrence in Anterior Skull Base Meningioma
Authors: Boetto Julien , Bielle Franck , Tran Suzanne , Marijon Pauline , Peyre Matthieu , Rigau Valérie , Kalamarides Michel
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

About one-third of anterior skull base meningiomas show Hedgehog pathway activation. We have recently identified GAB1 as a surrogate marker for Hedgehog pathway–activated meningiomas.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the reproducibility and prognostic value of GAB1 marker in anterior skull base meningiomas.

METHODS:

A retrospective bicentric cohort of anterior skull base meningiomas, operated from 2005 to 2015, was constituted. GAB1 immunohistochemistry was performed in 2 centers, and the GAB1 score was assessed. Clinical and pathological data were reviewed to determine the prognostic value of the GAB1 score, along with classical factors of recurrence.

RESULTS:

One hundred forty-eight patients were included (median follow-up of 72 ± 46 months). 78% of patients had gross total resection. Eighty-four percentage of patients harbored grade 1 meningiomas. GAB1 immunohistochemistry was positive (ie, GAB1 staining score was >250) in 53 cases (35%). GAB1-positive cases were mainly at olfactory groove, of meningothelial grade 1 subtype, and showed greater recurrence (36% vs 14%, P = .002), greater requirement for multiple surgeries (17% vs 4.2%, P = .014), and more likely evolution toward diffuse skull base infiltration (15% vs 3%, P = .0017). By multivariable Cox regression analysis, incomplete surgical resection (hazard ratios [HR] = 8.3, 95% IC [3.7-18.2], P < .001), male sex (HR = 5.4, 95% IC [2.2-13.5], P < .001), GAB1 positivity (HR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.5-6.9], P = .004), and Ki67 index >4 (HR = 2.2, 95% IC [1.2-4.6], P = .035) were independent prognostic factors for recurrence.

CONCLUSION:

GAB1 marker is an independent prognostic factor for anterior skull base meningioma and could be useful for both prognostic evaluation and identification of Hedgehog-activated meningiomas.
First Experience With Postoperative Transcranial Ultrasound Through Sonolucent Burr Hole Covers in Adult Hydrocephalus Patients
Authors: Lee Ryan P. , Meggyesy Michael , Ahn Jheesoo , Ritter Christina , Suk Ian , Machnitz A. Judit , Huang Judy , Gordon Chad , Brem Henry , Luciano Mark
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

Managing patients with hydrocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorders requires repeated head imaging. In adults, it is typically computed tomography (CT) or less commonly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, CT poses cumulative radiation risks and MRI is costly. Ultrasound is a radiation-free, relatively inexpensive, and optionally point-of-care alternative, but is prohibited by very limited windows through an intact skull.

OBJECTIVE:

To describe our initial experience with transcutaneous transcranial ultrasound through sonolucent burr hole covers in postoperative hydrocephalus and CSF disorder patients.

METHODS:

Using cohort study design, infection and revision rates were compared between patients who underwent sonolucent burr hole cover placement during new ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and endoscopic third ventriculostomy over the 1-year study time period and controls from the period 1 year before. Postoperatively, trans-burr hole ultrasound was performed in the clinic, at bedside inpatient, and in the radiology suite to assess ventricular anatomy.

RESULTS:

Thirty-seven patients with sonolucent burr hole cover were compared with 57 historical control patients. There was no statistically significant difference in infection rates between the sonolucent burr hole cover group (1/37, 2.7%) and the control group (0/57, P = .394). Revision rates were 13.5% vs 15.8% (P = 1.000), but no revisions were related to the burr hole or cranial hardware.

CONCLUSION:

Trans-burr hole ultrasound is feasible for gross evaluation of ventricular caliber postoperatively in patients with sonolucent burr hole covers. There was no increase in infection rate or revision rate. This imaging technique may serve as an alternative to CT and MRI in the management of select patients with hydrocephalus and CSF disorders.
Practical, Stereotactic, Low-Profile Technique for Transcortical/Transventricular Colloid Cyst Removal Independent of Ventricular Size: Technical Note and Analysis of Approaches
Authors: Sefcikova Viktoria , Wong Queenie Hoi-Wing , Samandouras George
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:

In the presence of a dilated foramen of Monro, a transcortical, transforaminal approach is considered the safest and simplest approach for resection of colloid cysts. However, in the presence of small or normal frontal horns, numerous microsurgical approaches and, often complicated, variations have been described, invariably employing forms of stereotactic navigation.

OBJECTIVE:

To report an alternative, accurate, microsurgical stereotactic low-profile technique.

METHODS:

The small frontal horn is stereotactically targeted as previously described. Routine equipment is used to accurately create a novel, rigid, atraumatic surgical corridor.

RESULTS:

After a 7-mm corticotomy, a peel-away catheter carrying the AxiEM stylet engages the target set as the frontal horn. All joints of the endoscope holder are locked, allowing only catheter advancement (y axis) while lateral (x axis) or anteroposterior (z axis) movements are secure. Two, 7-mm retractor blades are inserted. The extremely consistent anatomy of the foramen of Monro allows en bloc microsurgical removal without unnecessary coagulation of cyst wall or choroid plexus.

CONCLUSION:

Despite a plethora of approaches to the rostral third ventricle, in the presence of normal or small frontal horns, including creation of transcallosal/interforniceal, suprachoroidal (or transchoroidal), and sub-choroidal, colloid cyst resection does not necessarily need to be convoluted. Technical nuances of an accurate, practical, minimally invasive technique are described.
NMR Analyses of Carbohydrate–Water and Water–Water Interactions in Water/DMSO Mixed Solvents, Highlighting Various Hydration Behaviors of Monosaccharides Glucose, Galactose and Mannose
Authors: Tatsuoka Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Takumi
Published: January 2023

Interaction with water molecules is a potential factor for regulating carbohydrate functions. We analyzed the influences of methyl α-glucoside, methyl α-galactoside and methyl α-mannoside on water in solution through NMR measurements. In order to compare the hydration behaviors according to the geometric characteristics of monosaccharides, proton exchanges between the carbohydrate and water and between water molecules were observed using H2O/D2O and dimethylsulfoxide mixed solvents to employ deuterium-induced isotope shifts. 13C NMR analyses focused on the carbohydrate hydroxy groups revealed that the carbohydrate–water proton exchange in the mannoside solution proceeded slower than in others. Meanwhile, the frequent proton exchange between waters in the mannoside solution was shown by NMR observations of water signals. Our NMR experimental results shed light on the variation of solvation environments of carbohydrates according to their geometric characteristics. Mannose presumably allows for unique orientations of the adjacent water molecules to induce the expansion of water networks efficiently.
Development of revised stiffener spacing requirements for seismic links in eccentrically braced frames
Authors: Σκρέτας Νικόλαος
Published: January 2023

Η παρούσα διατριβή επανεξετάζει τις απαιτήσεις των εγκάρσιων νευρώσεων στους βραχύς σεισμικούς συνδέσμους αλλά και τους συνδέσμους ενδιάμεσου μήκους του συστήματος μεταλλικών πλαισίων με έκκεντρους συνδέσμους. Η ικανότητα στροφής αλλά και ικανότητα των σεισμικών συνδέσμων να απορροφούν ενέργεια υπό σεισμική διέγερση βελτιώνεται με την παροχή εγκάρσιων νευρώσεων για την ενίσχυση του κορμού της μεταλλικής διατομής τύπου I. Οι σύγχρονοι αντισεισμικοί κανονισμοί επιβάλλουν την χρήση εγκάρσιων νευρώσεων για βραχύς συνδέσμους και συνδέσμους ενδιάμεσου μήκους. Στις διατάξεις τους προσδιορίζονται οι μέγιστες αποστάσεις τοποθέτησής τους ώστε να έχουν την απαιτούμενη συμπεριφορά που θέτουν οι κανονισμοί. Οι διατάξεις αυτές έχουν βασιστεί σε έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε κατά κύριο λόγο την δεκαετία του '80.Στην παρούσα μελέτη προτείνονται νέες σχέσεις προσδιορισμού των μέγιστων αποστάσεων για τις εγκάρσιες νευρώσεις των σεισμικών συνδέσμων. Αρχικά συγκεντρώνονται και παρουσιάζονται πειράματα από την βιβλιογραφία πάνω στους σεισμικούς συνδέσμους εστιάζοντας κυρίως στις απαιτούμενες αποστάσεις των νευρώσεων. Από τα πειράματα που συγκεντρώθηκαν εξήχθησαν συμπεράσματα αναφορικά με την ικανότητα στροφής και την υπεραντοχή των συνδέσμων. Ακόμα, δείχθηκε ότι οι μέγιστες αποστάσεις που επιβάλει ο EN1998-1 για τις εγκάρσιες νευρώσεις είναι αρκετά συντηρητικές. Στην συνέχεια παρουσιάζεται το αναλυτικό πρόβλημα του ανελαστικού λυγισμού στοιχείων πλάκας το οποίο χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ανάπτυξη των προτεινόμενων σχέσεων σχεδιασμού. Έπειτα παρουσιάζεται ο τρόπος αριθμητικής επίλυσης, τα αποτελέσματα και η διαδικασία ανάπτυξης των σχέσεων. Ακολουθεί η εξέταση των προτεινόμενων σχέσεων μέσω λεπτομερών αναλύσεων με μοντέλα πεπερασμένων στοιχείων. Τα μοντέλα αυτά έχουν προηγουμένως παρουσιαστεί και έχει διερευνηθεί η αξιοπιστία των αποτελεσμάτων τους. Τέλος, συμπεραίνεται ότι ο κανόνας τοποθέτησης των εγκάρσιων νευρώσεων που προσδιορίζεται από τον ΕΝ1998-1 για σεισμικούς συνδέσμους ενδιάμεσου μήκους ίσως είναι μη συντηρητικός για ορισμένες γεωμετρίες και ότι οι προτεινόμενοι κανόνες τοποθέτησης των εγκάρσιων νευρώσεων θα μπορούσαν να αντικαταστήσουν τις υφιστάμενες διατάξεις του κανονισμού.
Cobertura periodística de la exhibición ‘Si nuevas cadenas preparan… el pasito marcha’ del artista plástico ecuatoriano Miguel Varea. The work of Miguel Varea in the Ecuadorian press.
Authors: Bravo Gallardo María Magdalena , Galindo Arranz Fermín , Bravo Mancero Julio
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo plantea un análisis sobre la cobertura periodística entre abril y agosto del año 2009, de la exhibición de pintura Si nuevas cadenas preparan… el paisito marcha, del artista plástico ecuatoriano Miguel Varea. Además de la discusión a partir de textos académicos de arte y periodismo, este estudio busca analizar la información cultural en los medios impresos, respecto al artista, en medio de la coyuntura de su muestra de pintura, la misma que fue mostrada en tres ocasiones, en las ciudades de Quito y Cuenca. Para ello se recurre a la metodología cualitativa y se efectúa una observación de veinte y dos documentos periodísticos, los mismos que han sido desagregados e insertados en una matriz para aplicar el valor noticioso como una alternativa de análisis de contenido, con el fin de identificar las principales características de la prensa respecto a la exposición de Varea. Este estudio permitirá reconocer las prácticas periodísticas de distintos medios impresos respecto al artista y su obra que ha promovido un potente discurso social y político. En este sentido, se busca determinar el género periodístico más utilizado, las palabras recurrentes en los textos, los titulares de las notas, los medios que le dieron mayor cobertura, identificando fuentes que contribuyeron a la construcción de las noticias en análisis. Los principales resultados indican que el género más utilizado para la cobertura de Varea han sido las notas informativas, seguido de los reportajes y artículos de opinión.
Translation: Inspirations We Live by
Authors: Piotrowska Maria
Published: January 2023

The main aim of the book is not only a historical and contemporary overview of translation research models and methods but also the author’s critical analysis of the state of the art in Translation Studies and a commentary of the progress of the discipline; as indicated in the chapter titles, which are called “Reflections.” The monograph is structured around seven major areas of reflection upon translation and the field of multi-dimensional translation research, and its particular chapters concern chronologically: translation metaphors, historical perspectives on translation, translation – culture interrelations, with particular focus on ethnography of translation; translator competence, translator’s decision-making and intuition. The last chapter offers “a map of Translation Studies”, which demonstrates its dynamism, diversity, complexity, inter- and multidisciplinarity. The palimpsest metaphor that concludes translation reflections and refers back to the first chapter, defines translation as a complex sequence of experiential layers and inspirations “we live by”, as indicated in the title of the classic of cognitive linguistics by Lakoff and Johnson (1980), which the monograph title alludes to.
Values: Stretching and Embracing the Unembraceable
Authors: Saduov Ruslan
Published: January 2023

In this paper, I attempt a linguistic analysis of how lexeme values is used in academic sources. Without criticising the extensive use of this notion, I address the gap between what values are supposed to mean and what they can mean in a broader scholarly discourse. I start by discussing the lexicographic understanding of values and proceed to analyse scholastic literature where the meaning of values may be stretched. Within this approach, I question if the effective use of values is feasible in the future due to the increasingly controversial nature of the term and try to motivate a discussion of terminological precision in academic sources.
Robust Assortment Optimization Under the Markov Chain Choice Model
Authors: Désir Antoine , Goyal Vineet , Jiang Bo , Xie Tian , Zhang Jiawei
Published: January 2023

Robust Assortment Optimization Under the Markov Chain Choice Model

Assortment optimization arises widely in many practical applications. In this problem, the goal is to select products to offer customers in order to maximize the expected revenue. We study a robust assortment-optimization problem under the Markov chain choice model, in which the parameters of the choice model are assumed to be uncertain, and the goal is to maximize the worst case expected revenue over all parameter values in an uncertainty set. Our main contribution is to prove a min-max duality result when the uncertainty set is row-wise. The result is surprising as the objective function does not satisfy the properties usually needed for known min-max results. Inspired by the duality result, we develop an efficient iterative algorithm for computing the optimal robust assortment under the Markov chain choice model. Moreover, our results yield operational insights into the effect of changing the uncertainty set on the optimal robust assortment.
O design em um diário de campo: viajando entre histórias de Itamatatiua com destino à educação quilombola
Authors: Cestari Glauba Alves do Vale , Figueiredo Luiz Fernando Gonçalves de , Perpétuo Nayara Chaves , Mendes Jacqueline Silva
Published: January 2023

Tratamos aqui da aplicação da abordagem sistêmica do design voltada para a educação quilombola descrevendo procedimentos e ferramentas implementados durante o projeto de extensão intitulado “Era uma vez em Itamatatiua...”: a instrumentalização da educação quilombola com vistas na sustentabilidade cultural. Seu desenvolvimento ocorreu de modo colaborativo envolvendo as instituições de ensino: IFMA, UFSC, escola municipal da Comunidade de Itamatatiua e os moradores desse povoado considerando suas variadas gerações. Nas viagens ao quilombo nos deparamos com um imenso conteúdo que ainda não está nos livros escolares. Um diário colaborativo abriu espaço para o registro das experiências com a comunidade e a escola na perspectiva de alcançarmos um meio de manter o legado cultural local. O diário continua recebendo registros, pois este projeto está em andamento. Aqui apresentamos um recorte de um projeto que permitiu o encontro entre saberes, fazeres e educação em um quilombo localizado em Alcântara, município do Maranhão (Brasil).
ETNOGRAFIA VIRTUAL (PÓS-MODERNA) EM SOCIABILIDADES GAYS: POSSIBILIDADES METODOLÓGICAS
Authors: Junior Alcidesio Oliveira da Silva
Published: January 2023

Resumo: As experiências contemporâneas em aplicativos de paquera, como o Tinder, têm atualizado virtualidades, ampliando capacidades de conexão que borram geografias e temporalidades. Neste artigo, fruto de uma pesquisa de Mestrado, busca-se refletir a potência da etnografia virtual pós-moderna como caminho investigativo para as pesquisas de gênero e sexualidade, desembocando em narrativas subjetivas que subvertem a pretensa neutralidade do/a pesquisador. Argumenta-se nestas linhas um processo metodológico, portanto, alquímico, que hibridiza possibilidades, transmuta termos naturalizados e inquieta as mentes conformadas.Palavras-chave: Etnografia virtual. Gênero. Estudos Culturais. Metodologia. Tinder. Abstract: Contemporary experiences in dating applications, such as Tinder, have updated virtualities, expanding connection capabilities that blur geographies and temporalities. In this article, a result of a Master's research, I seek to reflect the power of postmodern virtual ethnography as an investigative tool for gender and sexuality research, resulting in subjective narratives that subvert the supposed neutrality of the researcher. I argue along these lines a methodological process, therefore, alchemical, which hybridizes possibilities, transmutes naturalized terms and disturbs the conformed minds.Keywords: Virtual ethnography. Genre. Cultural Studies. Methodology. Tinder.
MONITORAMENTO DE BIOINDICADORES NA VIA TRANSOLÍMPICA, RIO DE JANEIRO – BRASIL
Authors: Pereira Raphael do Couto , Vitório Cleber Vinicius Akita , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: January 2023

o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a flutuação da comunidade de abelhas e realizar seu resgate, durante a fase de implantação dos 23 Km da via expressa Ligação Transolímpica, também nomeada de corredor Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves (22°52'14.96"S 43°24'36.77"O). A comunidade de abelhas foi prospectada durante as atividades de implantação do empreendimento para as sazonalidades de inverno e primavera. As amostragens qualiquantitativas seguiram o protocolo padrão estabelecido na Resolução CONAMA No 346/2004 para abelhas nativas e africanizadas, sendo realizado o resgate de 34 enxames para a sazonalidade de inverno e 46 de primavera, donde a espécie mais abundante para as duas sazonalidades foi a Tetragonisca angustula, destaca-se que foi realizado o resgate da espécie Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides, diversas espécies de abelhas do gênero Melipona encontram-se ameaçadas para os biomas Mata Atlântica e Cerrado.
MONITORAMENTO FÍSICO-QUÍMICO DO ECOSSISTEMA AQUÁTICO DE LINHARES (ES) E SÃO MATEUS (ES) APÓS O RUPTURA DA BARRAGEM DE FUNDÃO, MARIANA-MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Aguiar Laís Alencar de , Lelacher Carolina , Almeida Josimar Ribeiro de
Published: January 2023

no dia 5 de novembro de 2015 ocorreu o rompimento da barragem de Fundão da mineradora Samarco, localizada no subdistrito de Bento Rodrigues-MG, a 35 km do centro do município brasileiro de Mariana-MG, aproximadamente 16.000 piscinas olímpicas de resíduo de mineração percolaram pelo distrito de Bento Rodrigues num período de apenas 11 minutos. A pluma deste impacto ambiental, se estendeu aproximadamente por 800 km na bacia do Rio Doce, entre Minas Gerais e Espírito Santo. O rio Ipiranga localizado entre Linhares e São Mateus, foi um dos últimos locais atingidos pelos resíduos da bacia do rio Doce, tendo contato com o mar na restinga de Urussuquara-ES, local que é berçário da biodiversidade, especialmente da ictiofauna marinha, e estuarina, além de ter grande importância para a pesca artesanal e o ecoturismo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo o monitoramento do rio Ipiranga e da praia de Urussuquara para todas as sazonalidades estacionais, iniciando em setembro de 2017 e tendo seu término em maio de 2018, foram analisadas as variáveis: oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade elétrica, potencial hidrogeniônico (pH), transparência, temperatura, profundidade e total de sólidos dissolvidos, comparando-as a Resolução No 357/2005 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA), com a finalidade de avaliar a qualidade das águas estuarinas e marinhas. Os resultados encontrados foram alarmantes e evidentes os focos de impactos negativos no ecossistema aquático e na sociedade dependente da pesca artesanal para a sua subsistência.
Logistical nightmares
Authors: Powell Gareth L.
Published: January 2023

How will automation affect global trade and travel? Science fiction author Gareth L. Powell takes a speculative look at recent developments
Green aviation projects get cash injection
Authors: WADE ANDREW
Published: January 2023

Three UK projects exploring the future of green aviation will receive a combined total of £84.6m from government and industry to pursue zero emissions flight.
Loughborough leads Zero Carbon Loss biomanufacturing project
Authors: BRADSHAW MELISSA
Published: January 2023

Project to take whole system approach to bio-based industries
MADE TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE
Authors: FORD JASON
Published: January 2023

Thales UK CEO and Chairman Alex Cresswell believes that current and future challenges will provide opportunities for engineers that are too good to miss
ChromaDose set to improve chemotherapy for children
Authors: BRADSHAW MELISSA
Published: January 2023

New technology aims to calculate drug exposure for precise dosing
Acting now will help us attract new talent to engineering
Authors: Leevers Hilary
Published: January 2023

Is your organisation ready to collaborate to attract more diverse young people into engineering? asks Dr Hilary Leevers, chief executive of Engineering UK
Skyports joins ‘beyond visual line of sight' UAV trials
Authors: FORD JASON
Published: January 2023

Project aims to validate drones in non-segregated airspace
Unsung heroes
Authors: FORD JASON
Published: January 2023

SME manufacturers across the UK are playing a vital role in keeping the manufacturing economy ticking over whilst producing key components for critical medical equipment
December 1956 Improving iron lungs
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: January 2023

One of Britain's most prominent automotive engineers turned his attention to alleviating the suffering of polio victims at the height of epidemics during the 1950s
Adapt and survive
Authors: FORD JASON
Published: January 2023

The phasing out of petrol and diesel vehicles should be seen as an opportunity for manufacturers
Q&A Biometrics
Authors: WADE ANDREW
Published: January 2023

An expert panel discusses how technologies such as iris and facial recognition are ushering in the post-password era
Q&A: HELPING HANDS
Authors:   THE ENGINEER
Published: January 2023

Experts from ABB, Festo, Fanuc and Universal Robots offer their perspectives on the fast-moving field of cobotics
Our grandchildren’s world
Authors: POWELL GARETH L.
Published: January 2023

A bleak, dystopian future isn’t inevitable. Resident science fiction writer Gareth L. Powell offers a more encouraging vision of how technology, and engineers, might shape our grandchildren’s world.
Forth to Solve Friction Stir Welding Challenge
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2023

The world’s first underwater robot to repair ships hulls with friction stir welding has reached a milestone with the finalising of the system’s concept design.
Frank Whittle: Founder of The Jet Age
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: January 2023

British aviation engineer and legendary pilot Frank Whittle was the main player in the development of the jet engine that was to change the face of 20th century aviation.
Robotic solution to aid nuclear decommissioning
Authors: BRADSHAW MELISSA
Published: January 2023

Sussex team to develop robotic manipulator to help clean-up Fukushima
MOD selects autonomous ground vehicles for resupply
Authors: WADE ANDREW
Published: January 2023

UGVs to be tested for frontline logistics
CATCHING SOME RAYS
Authors: FOWLER DAVID
Published: January 2023

A smart approach to mirror control has driven a fundamental breakthrough in the hugely promising area of concentrated solar power.
Digital, global and green:
Authors: FIGURES TIM
Published: January 2023

Tim Figures - director of technology, sustainability and innovation at Make UK - discusses the future of UK manufacturing in a rapidly changing world
Natural barriers
Authors: FORD JASON
Published: January 2023

The UK’s efforts to cut carbon emissions could come at a price for natural habitats
BEATRICE SHILLING: BATTLE OF BRITAIN INNOVATOR
Authors: SMITH NICK
Published: January 2023

Beatrice Shilling’s engineering fix to a major design flaw in World War Two Hurricane and Spitfire fighter plane engines contributed to the eventual outcome of the Battle of Britain.
Q&A: Rising to the challenge
Authors: EXCELL JON
Published: January 2023

Companies from across the UK manufacturing spectrum discuss the role that they have played in the engineering response to the COVID-19 crisis.
WAE and Italdesign partner for EV solution
Authors: BRADSHAW MELISSA
Published: January 2023

Partnership aims to electrify the upper-premium automotive market
Machine learning lessons predict path for ICU COVID patients
Authors: BRADSHAW MELISSA
Published: January 2023

Data gathered in trial could be applied to future waves
HOME IS WHERE THE HYDROGEN IS
Authors: EXCELL JON
Published: January 2023

Hydrogen, once on the fringes of the UK energy debate, now looks set to play a starring role in our low carbon future, particularly when it comes to warming up our homes.
Add stardust for the next leap in ev performance
Authors: FOLEY IAN
Published: January 2023

New inverter technology can make enormous improvements in EV efficiency and it’s all thanks to one amazing substance, says Ian Foley, managing director, Equipmake
POWER MOVES
Authors: WADE ANDREW
Published: January 2023

Synchronous condensers are an old technology enjoying a new lease of life, enabling more renewables to connect to the grid.
GENE CERNAN: LAST MAN ON THE MOON
Authors: SMITH NICK
Published: January 2023

Astronaut, fighter pilot, naval aviator, electrical and aeronautical engineer, as commander of the Apollo 17 mission Gene Cernan became the last person to leave footprints on the Moon.
UK Gigafactory Plans Revealed
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: January 2023

New facility aims for 30GWh per year
Edith Clarke: America’s First Woman Engineer
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: January 2023

In her remarkable career, American electrical engineer Edith Clarke made huge contributions to the nation’s power infrastructure while becoming a role model for women in engineering. Written by Nick Smith
Q&A Measure of Success
Authors: Excell Jon
Published: January 2023

An expert panel considers the trends and technologies that are shaping the future of industrial metrology
Investment Boost for Microfactories
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2023

London-based Arrival has raised $118m from funds managed by BlackRock to support the company's ramp-up of commercial electric vehicle production through its so-called Microfactories.
Photonics Give Added Precision to Diagnosis of Bowel Cancer
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2023

Horizon 2020 project is developing a tool that could save thousands of lives
Edinburgh Starts Wireless Charging Project
Authors: Ford Jason
Published: January 2023

Study to take three-pronged look at fleet issues
Shifting the Diala
Authors: Leevers Hilary
Published: January 2023

We need to encourage all young people to consider a career in engineering writes Engineering UK CEO Dr Hilary Leevers
Thinking Big
Authors: Grant Alex
Published: January 2023

Legislation is forcing one of the biggest shifts in the history of heavy-duty vehicle development – but is the technology governments demand ready for mass market?
Believe the Hype
Authors: Bird Guy
Published: January 2023

Iconic British sportscar manufacturer Lotus has been quiet in recent years without an all-new model to shout about, but now it makes the loudest of comebacks with Evija - the world’s most powerful electric hypercar
Turning the Tide
Authors: Millard Frank
Published: January 2023

The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle has yet to have its day, but the technology is advancing along with the necessary infrastructure requirements and means to bring it to market successfully
Power to the People
Authors: Vadaszffy Karl
Published: January 2023

British technology startup, Sprint Power, which is helping to lead the charge for the UK’s electric mobility revolution, explains why investment is key and the future is wireless
Light Work
Authors: Bailey Paul
Published: January 2023

Could the next leap in electric motors come from 3D printing? Equipmake, a Norfolk-based company run by an ex-Lotus F1 engineer shows how lightweighting can deliver a step change
Silver Service
Authors: Ross Matt
Published: January 2023

Advances in sintering technology are key to improving inverter designs, providing OEMs with a raft of benefits
Source Materials
Authors: Norman Helen
Published: January 2023

How will research, development and deployment of new and advanced materials change the future of EVs and improve their performance?
Future-Proof Materials
Authors: Vadaszffy Karl
Published: January 2023

The impact of material selection will only increase as the industry moves toward a more environmentally friendly future
Chemical Reaction
Authors: Challen John
Published: January 2023

The debut of a nickel-rich battery material technology on the world’s first two-seat electric racecar is just the beginning of what could lead to bigger ambitions of cracking the passenger car market
Accelerating the Electrification of Transport
Authors: Vadaszffy Karl
Published: January 2023

Alternative technologies are a key enabler to transitioning the transport sector to electrification with the ambition to cut CO2 emissions to meet climate goals
Rules and the Road
Authors: Petters Sam
Published: January 2023

The first track car from Techrules sees the auto maker rework its hybrid diesel micro- turbine electric powertrain, and could spell big things for the passenger vehicle market
Bold Ambitions
Authors: Charman Andrew
Published: January 2023

Few have heard of Lvchi Auto, but the Chinese startup intends to change that with its forthcoming electric vehicle range, starting with the Venere
Sound Choices
Authors: Pickering Chris
Published: January 2023

With external sound synthesis rapidly becoming mandatory for electric and hybrid vehicles, just what should they sound like?
Under Pressure
Authors: Williams Richard N
Published: January 2023

Hydrogen fuel tanks are at the heart of modern FCEVs, and thorough testing procedures are vital not only to ensure safety, but also to combat the negative perception of the fuel source
Triple Threat
Authors: Ross Matt
Published: January 2023

Nearly 50 years ago, GM debuted a novel concept for a small city car – a single model with a trio of powertrain options
City Slicker
Authors: Petters Sam
Published: January 2023

From its beginnings as a niche vehicle developer, to becoming part of Daimler, Smart is now leading the EQ brand. But where does it go from here?
Green Machines
Authors: Wordsworth Saul
Published: January 2023

Jo Bamford is well-known for his association with JCB's iconic yellow empire, but he has his sights on going green with hydrogen technology, for a zero-emissions future
The Life
Authors: Bailey Paul
Published: January 2023

EHVTI finds out what goes into the role of a high-performance electric vehicle test driver
Peak Performance
Authors: Grant Alex
Published: January 2023

Proponents of vehicle-to-grid technology claim it could be the vital ingredient for an increasingly electrified vehicle parc. But, despite the foundations falling into place, there are obstacles to overcome before it reaches mass market
Wired Warfare
Authors: Poultney Leon
Published: January 2023

Electric propulsion systems are not only due to shake up the passenger vehicle segment–they could also revolutionize the battlefield in the coming decade
The Rode to Revolution
Authors: Poultney Leon
Published: January 2023

The nextrode project aims to revolutionize the way electrodes for lithium-ion batteries are manufactured and improve EV technology for the masses
Innovation in motion
Authors: Vadaszffy Karl
Published: January 2023

With the drive toward a more electric future, greater investment is going into developing technologies that will ensure we create a cleaner planet.
Good NVH sells vehicles
Authors: Mira Horiba
Published: January 2023

Ed Molloy, solution lead for vehicle dynamics and NVH at Horiba MIRA, discusses the importance of NVH for EV brand perception