bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pandemi Döneminde Çevirimiçi Yaratıcı Drama
Authors: BAL İNCEBACAK Belgin
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmada yaratıcı drama yöntemiyle eğitim alan ve almayan öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitime ilişkin görüşlerini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Karadeniz bölgesinde yer alan bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören öğrenciler arasından seçilen 77 katılımcı ile (38 deney grubu, 39 kontrol grubu) yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada karma deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Deney grubuna araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen on dört oturumluk yaratıcı drama ile tanışma programı uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubu uzaktan eğitim sürecinde teorik ve uygulamalı derslerine devam etmişlerdir. Ölçme aracı olarak uzaktan eğitim öğrencilerinin uzaktan eğitime yönelik görüşlerini belirleme ölçeği ve uzaktan eğitime yönelik görüş belirleme görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın nicel verilerinden elde edilen veriler ile deney ve kontrol grubu puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığını test etmek için Mann Whitney U ve tek yönlü MANOVA kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre yaratıcı drama dersi alan öğrencilerin uzaktan eğitimden keyif aldıkları, süreçte aktif şekilde rol aldıkları ve sanki yüz yüze eğitimdeymiş gibi hissettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Kontrol grubu öğrencileri derste pasif oldukları ve kamera açmadan izledikleri için derse adapte olmada zorlandıklarını ifade etmişlerdir.
Right to Health Care: The Practice of the ECTHR and the Case of Ukraine
Authors: Yaroshenko Oleg , Steshenko Volodymyr , Tarasov Oleh , Nurullaiev Ilkin , Shvartseva Mariia
Published: June 2022

The relevance of the research topic is due to the importance of human rights in a democratic society. Despite the fact that all natural human rights are important, the right to health care is practically in the forefront, because without its observance all other rights are leveled. Moreover, the relevance of the topic is even greater given the fact that for a long time the relevant law was not given due attention in law or in legal science. The right to health care is comprehensive and includes other human rights that derive from it. The existing case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) confirms the importance of the human right to health care. In its judgments, the Court emphasizes the importance of this right and reaffirms the need for States to monitor its observance. The aim of the study – analysis of international legal norms and standards, as well as the practice of the ECtHR in the context of the human right to health. The leading research method used in the article is the formal-legal method, the application of which provided an effective analysis of the legal framework of international law, national legislation of Ukraine, and the case law of the ECtHR. Which, in turn, allowed to determine the importance of human rights to health and places of relevant law in the practice of the ECtHR. The article analyzes the theoretical and legal approaches to understanding the right to health care and on this basis identifies the place of relevant law in the human rights system and its main determinants. The case law of the European Court of Human Rights is analyzed and the main articles of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), which the applicants applied for in violation of the right to health care, are identified. The analysis of the case law of the ECtHR provided an opportunity to identify existing shortcomings in the legislation of the member states. Based on this, it is possible to understand and distinguish ways to solve problems and methods for eliminating such violations in the future. The practical significance of the article lies in the analysis of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, the separation of rights related to the right to protection of life, as well as the identification of the main determinants of the studied law.
Child's Rights and the Challenges of Educating the Girl-Child: Assessing the Contributions of UNICEF in Nigeria
Authors: Nwozor Agaptus , Okhillu Blessing
Published: June 2022

In 2003, Nigeria domesticated the twin international instruments on child rights, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. The resultant legislation from Nigeria’s domestication efforts is the Child’s Rights Act (CRA) of 2003. Despite the provisions of this legislation detailing the elaborate atlas of rights to be enjoyed by the Nigerian child, their fortune especially that of the girl-child, has not got better. At the base of the contentious forces militating against the rights of the girl-child are the cultural and religious norms that are intrinsically embedded in the dominant patriarchal system prevalent in Nigeria, especially in northern Nigeria. These forces are intricately united in marginalizing and precluding the girl-child from accessing education. Using the lens of radical feminism in combination with human-rights based approach, this paper interrogates the challenges faced by the girl-child in accessing education and the interventionist role played by UNICEF to salvage the situation. The paper finds that although the interventionist program of UNICEF, that is, the Nigeria girls’ education project (NGEP), contributed in re-enrolling over one million out-of-school girls back to school, a lot needs to be done to salvage the girl-child from the doldrums of structural alienation that deprives her of access to education.
Women´s Representation and Rights in the African Court
Authors: Chenwi Lilian
Published: June 2022

The African Union and African states’ have committed to upholding gender equality and women’s rights. A pivotal mechanism for advancing this commitment and human rights in general is the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, with its broad substantive jurisdiction. This article considers the legal basis for gender parity and the extent to which gender representation and women’s rights has been advanced through or by the Court. It establishes that though the Court’s jurisprudence on women’s right is quite scant, the Court has illustrated its potential and willingness to protect women’s rights through its advisory and contentious jurisdiction. Significant strides have also been made in attaining gender equality on the Court’s bench, but with more to be done in terms of substantive representation in the Court’s leadership positions.
Análisis de las Pautas que Rigen la Práctica del Profesor en la Enseñanza de Derivadas en Ciencias Básicas en Carreras de Ingeniería
Authors: Garcés Córdova Walmer
Published: June 2022

El objetivo es inferir los criterios que orientan la práctica del profesor para explicar matemáticas en carreras de ingeniería, en concreto, para explicar derivadas. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa que busca comprender la enseñanza de las matemáticas a través del análisis de las prácticas de un grupo de profesores, y de la reflexión sobre su práctica; uno fue seleccionado como estudio de caso. Basados en los criterios de idoneidad didáctica, se diseñó un cuestionario para entrevistar a estos profesores y se infirieron los criterios que siguen en el diseño e implementación de sus clases, las mismas que fueron videograbadas; después se realizó la triangulación entre lo que dice y lo que hace. Este profesor se guía por el criterio ecológico (sílabo) e interaccional (trabajo en equipo), aunque según él son, sobre todo, el cognitivo, el mediacional y el ecológico (profesión futura) los que orientan su práctica. Los criterios que guían su práctica explican por qué se están implementando las clases de ciencias básicas en ingeniería de manera expositiva y procedimental, y por qué no se incorporan innovaciones.
Climate Change Concerns and the Ideal Number of Children: A Comparative Analysis of the V4 Countries
Authors: Szczuka Borbála Júlia
Published: June 2022

The Visegrád countries (Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia) faced a sharp decline in fertility rates after the regime change in 1989. Since then, total fertility rates have largely remained below the EU average, although they have increased during the past decade. Family policies (support for the parental caregivingmodel) and the conditions of women’s employment might be shaping these trends. Besides the pronatalist rhetoric, there is another reason why people might alter their fertility plans: climate change‐related worries. Our analysis in this article examines whether such concerns exist in these four countries, pointing out that the efficacy of pronatalist measures depends on the widespread adoption of such attitudes among young people of childbearing age. Pronatalist pressure is strong in the V4 countries but may be diluted by strengthening environmentalist norms. Scholarship about the relationship between climate change‐related concerns and fertility in these pronatalist countries is scarce. I examine this potential relationship by analysing respondents’ ideas about the generally and personally ideal number of children using Eurobarometer data from 2011 through logistic regression analysis. The results are contradictory: Climate change concerns seem to be positively associated with a smaller ideal family size in Hungary, but only from a general perspective (i.e., not for respondents personally). A positive relationship can be found in the Czech Republic regarding climate concerns and personal ideal family size. In Slovakia, a strong negative association was observed between climate change‐related concerns and smaller general and personal ideal family sizes.
Evaluation of perioperative parameters in patients undergoing radical cystectomy urinary diversion surgery for bladder cancer
Authors: ERGENOĞLU Pınar , ERSOY Zeynep , ARIBOGAN Anıs
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of red blood cell transfusion and/or inotropic/vasopressor agent infusion during intraoperative and postoperative first 24-hour period on 30-day and one-year survival.

Materials and Methods: In the final analysis, 133 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion surgery between November 2011 and January 2019 were included in this study. Perioperative anesthesia management early postoperative intensive care patient follow-ups were based on.

Results: A statistically significant relationship was found between intraoperative red blood cell transfusion and one-year mortality rates. A statistically significant relationship was found between red blood cell transfusion in the intensive care unit and postoperative 30-day mortality rates. The relationship between vasopressor/inotrope agent infusion in intensive care unit and postoperative 30-day mortality was statistically significant.

Conclusion: In radical cystectomy and urinary diversion, intraoperative red blood cell and/or inotrope/vasopressor drug administration, and red blood cell transfusion within first 24 postoperative hours in intensive care unit are associated with lower survival rates in both early and late periods. Future studies should focus on developing and implementing different strategies for perioperative blood management and maintenance of patient hemodynamics that may affect early and late outcomes.
Plagiosefali ve kask tedavisi: olgu sunumu
Authors: YILMAZ Ramazan Cihad , KOCAMAZ Deniz , KEBAPCI Feride , YAKUT Yavuz
Published: June 2022

Plagiosefali ve kask tedavisi: olgu sunumu Plagiosefali, kafatasının çeşitli nedenlerle asimetrik deformasyonunu ifade eder
Efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone as a first-line therapy in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: AYDIN Kaniye , GÜRKAN Emel
Published: June 2022

Purpose: We aimed to compare the efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDP) with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and conventional prednisolone (CDP) as a first-line therapy in adult patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 140 adult patients with either previously untreated newly diagnosed ITP (n=51) or persistent or chronic ITP (n=22/n=67)) with episodes. Patients with a platelet count
Association between ocular biometric measurements and pediatric migraine
Authors: ŞİMDİVAR Göksu Hande Naz , SARIGEÇİLİ Esra , İNCEKALAN Tuğba , KOÇ UÇAR Habibe
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate biometry parameters and anterior segment parameters in pediatric migraine patients compared to controls.

Materials and Methods: This prospective case-control study included 40 patients and 45 controls. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination followed by measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD), vitreous chamber depth (VCD), lens thickness (LT), axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal volume (CV), anterior chamber volume (ACV), iridocorneal angle (ICA), pupil diameter (PD) and mean keratometry (Km). Pupil diameter was compared between patients with and without photophobia. All evaluations were made in attack-free period. Pupil diameter was compared in migraine patients with and without photophobia. Intraocular pressure and biometery measurements were taken at the same time of day (10:00–12:00) in order to minimize the effects of diurnal variation. Right eye measurements were included in the study.

Results: The two groups showed no statistical differences in ACD, VCD, LT, AL, CCT, CV, ACV, ICA, PD, IOP, spherical equivalent or Km. There was no difference in PD between patients with and without photophobia .

Conclusion: Pediatric migraine patients do not differ from controls in terms of biometry, corneal topography, or keratometry parameters. Studies with larger patient populations are needed to determine the relationship between ocular biometric parameters and migraine.
Effect of COVID-19 social isolation on the fear of COVID-19, quality of life and cognitive functions in the elderly
Authors: YILDIRIM Duygu İlke , AY Enes , ERYILMAZ Mehmet , GÜRER Nursena , ÇAKIRELİ Salih Zeki , KETEN Hatice Betül , KOÇ Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to appraise the impact of COVID-19 social isolation on fear of COVID-19, quality of life and cognitive functions.

Materials and Methods: Individuals aged 65 and over who made an appointment for the CoronaVac vaccine via appointment system and 603 people residing in these houses, wanted to be vaccinated, gave informed consent for the vaccine and agreed to participate, were included in the study. Sociodemographic data form, Coronavirus 19 Phobia Scale, Mini Mental State Test and Short Form 36 Quality of Life Scale were filled in by the study population.

Results: Patients included in our research, 63.0% were female (n=380) and 37.0% were male (n=223). The mean age was 77.65 ± 8.05 (min:65, max:97) years. Status of having a relative with COVID-19, social function status of SF-36, mental health status of SF-36 economic status of CP19-S size and the total score of CP19-S were found as multivariate predictors of COVID-19 disease transmission. As the total score of the participants from the COVID-19 phobia scale increased, their cognitive functions significantly decreased.

Conclusion: These findings reported important results regarding the effects of social isolation experienced by the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic on quality of life, cognitive functions, and COVID-19 fear levels.
Harmony of the foramen magnum and cranium: An anatomical and radiological study
Authors: OKSÜZLER Mahmut , VURALLI Duygu , ÖZANDAÇ POLAT Sema , GÖKER Pınar
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The measurements’ reference points associated with foramen magnum (FM) and cranium were examined in this retrospective study. Also, the relation between FM and cranium harmony were calculated both on dry skull and in healthy subjects performed on computed tomography (CT).

Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 185 healthy adult subjects (90 females; 95 males) aged between 18–67 years and 15 dried skull of unknown gender of an Anatolian population. The shapes of the FM were classified as two semicircle, oval, round, egg, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal and irregular shapes. The anteroposterior length and transverse width of the FM and cranium were measured on both photos and CT.

Results: The means and standard deviations of the measurements were given for three groups. To control the accuracy of FM width (FMW) and length (FML) results, a formula was used for three groups including dried skull and CT measurements of females and males, seperately (FMW=Cranial width (CW)/4.26 for group 1, CW/4.66 for group 2 and CW/4.66 for group 3; and FML=Cranial length (CL)/4.51 for group 1, CL/4.33 for group 2 and CL/4.16 for group 3). The oval type FM was predominant (26.67%) in dried skull and (23.33%) in females and (28.42%) in males.

Conclusion: The present study presents noteworthy data about FM and cranium harmony of the adult Turkish population and dry skulls that will show a harmony between cranium and foramen magnum in clinical practice. There was no tetragonal and hexagonal FM types in dried skulls and tetragonal type FM was the least seen type in females and males.
Development of Instrumen Eksplorasi Karier Anne Roe (IEKAR) for Junior High School Students
Authors: Suwidagdho Dhanang , Purwanta Edi
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This study aims to develop a career exploration instrument based on Anne Roe’s classification to help junior high school students explore their career options. The development method uses the Syaiffudin Azwar instrument development model with 8 stages, namely the identification of measuring objectives; measuring domain restrictions; operationalization of aspects; writing and reviewing items; language test; field tests; item selection and; final compilation. The field test was carried out on 306 junior high school students in the Godean area, Yogyakarta. The results of the CFA test show that all instrument items that make up the 8 career groups obtained fit results based on the p-value indicators of 0.257, RMSEA 0.15, GFI 0.87, AGFI 0.86, and CFI 1.00. CFASO test results obtained p-value 0.257 greater than 0.05 and RMSEA value 0.015 less than 0.05. In addition, the results of multidimensional reliability testing showed a score of 0.87 greater than 0.70. These findings indicate a valid and reliable instrument to help explore the careers of junior high school students.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen eksplorasi karier berdasarkan klasifikasi Anne Roe guna membantu siswa sekolah menengah pertama mengeksplorasi pilihan kariernya. Metode pengembangan menggunakan model pengembangan instrumen Syaiffudin Azwar dengan delapan tahapan yakni: identifikasi tujuan ukur; pembatasan domain ukur; operasionalisasi aspek; penulisan dan review butir; uji coba bahasa; field test; seleksi butir; dan kompilasi final. Field test dilaksanakan terhadap 306 siswa sekolah menengah pertama di wilayah Godean, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Hasil pengujian CFA menunjukkan seluruh butir instrumen yang membentuk delapan kelompok karier memperoleh hasil fit berdasarkan indikator p-value 0.257, RMSEA 0.15, GFI 0.87, AGFI 0.86, dan CFI 1.00. Pengujian CFASO menunjukkan p-value 0.257 lebih besar dari 0.05 dan nilai RMSEA 0.015 kurang dari 0.05. Selain itu, hasil pengujian reliabilitas multidimensional menunjukkan skor 0.87 lebih besar dari 0.70. Temuan ini menunjukkan instrumen valid dan reliabel untuk membantu eksplorasi karier siswa sekolah menengah pertama.
Institutional Framework of the Ministries of Women: Coordinating Efforts to Enhance Impact
Authors: Bustelo Monserrat , Martinez Karen , Suaya Agustina
Published: June 2022

A diferencia de otras áreas de política, la responsabilidad de la política de género está distribuida a lo largo y ancho de toda la estructura del Estado. No obstante, para coordinar y efectivizar el accionar público entorno a la agenda de igualdad de género, varios países de la región han creado estructuras ministeriales que tienen como objetivo la promoción y puesta en marcha de políticas transversales de género. En este documento se discute sobre la importancia de este proceso de institucionalización, el rol de los Ministerios de la Mujer y cómo este puede verse fortalecido para alcanzar más y mejores resultados en la región.
Breve 26. Diseño y costeo de un Plan de Beneficios en Salud en un país de ingreso medio-bajo: el caso de Honduras
Authors: Góngora Pamela , Giedion Úrsula
Published: June 2022

Honduras es un país de ingresos medios bajos con un sistema de salud fragmentado y menos de US$100 per cápita por año para satisfacer sus necesidades de salud. En el marco de su compromiso por la Cobertura Universal de Salud (CUS), el gobierno decidió diseñar un Plan de Beneficios en Salud (PBS). El diseño del PBS se realizó en cinco pasos. (1) Un equipo interinstitucional del Ministerio de Salud de Honduras y del Instituto de Seguridad Social definió las características fundamentales del PBS. (2) Aprovechando trabajos previos realizados en el país, se identificó el universo de los potenciales candidatos a inclusión. (3) Se discutieron y operacionalizaron criterios de priorización y reglas de decisión. (4) Se utilizó un enfoque ascendente para costear el PBS, con la baja cobertura actual y con diferentes objetivos de mejora de los niveles de cobertura. (5) Se elaboraron análisis de impacto fiscal y se discutieron caminos alternativos de expansión con el gobierno planteando criterios éticos en el camino hacia la CUS. El PBS resultante incluye 74 intervenciones esenciales de salud. Dadas las restricciones financieras, se sugirió un camino de expansión progresiva, mediante el cual los aumentos marginales en el presupuesto de salud se asignarían al PBS. El diseño de un PBS es un proceso específico a cada contexto; incluye varios pasos que van más allá de la implementación de métodos de evaluación de tecnologías sanitarias y requiere mucho tiempo de trabajo técnico y participativo y un pragmatismo sustancial para adaptar las recomendaciones técnicas de la literatura a los datos y a las restricciones de tiempo sobre el terreno.
The role of historical and dialectal data in interpreting the modern word-formation phenomena
Authors:   Saratov State University, Kryuchkova Olga Yu.
Published: June 2022

The author proposes the idea that it is necessary to draw on historical and dialectal data in the analysis of the modern word-formation phenomena. The comparison of the modern Russian literary language facts with those of the written language history and the modern dialect speech allows to estimate, with maximum objectivity, the linguistic status of the derivative units, models, subsystems, as well as to reconstruct the whole picture of their usage in the national language and to better understand the directions of linguistic dynamics and the derivational potential of the language. This approach is illustrated by the formation of the adjectives ending with -ovskij in the Russian language. The question of the word-formation structure of such adjectives is debatable in the modern derivatology. The affixal part of the adjectives ending with -ovskij is defined in different ways: 1) as a suffixal sequence including two different formants, 2) as a suffix -sk-, complicated with the interfix -ov-, 3) as a derived suffixal morph with accumulation. The picture of structural and semantic connections of the above-mentioned adjectives in the modern Russian literary language is complicated, heterogeneous and does not give precedence to any of these three interpretations. The analysis of the adjectives ending with -ovskij in the complex of the modern Russian literary language data, its history and the modern territorial dialects, gives ground to the following interpretation of -ovskij complex. At the modern stage of the Russian language development the sequence -ov/sk(ij) is a morphemic complex, that has developed on the basis of the ancient suffixal duplication model of the relative and possessive suffixes -ov(y’j) + -sk(ij). The morphemic complex -ov/sk(ij) is functioning in the modern Russian language as a single polysemantic segmented bisuffixal formant, which has not formed, up to now, a unified morpheme – a complex suffix. A morphemic complex, as opposed to a complex suffix, is easily divided into components and provides a basis to re-derivation processes.
Self-mentions in evaluating academic discourse
Authors:   Saratov State University, Viktorova Elena Yu.
Published: June 2022

The article presents the analysis of Russian self-mentions – elements of authorization comprising “the voice of the author” – in evaluative academic discourse. These are phrases containing first person personal pronouns and possessive pronouns (я; мы; меня; мне; нам; нас; мой; наш). Self-mentions include two-member constructions (мы считаем; мы полагаем; как мы хорошо знаем; я уверен), one-member constructions (допускаю; заметим; согласимся), phrases with pronouns in oblique cases (нам кажется; у меня замечание; нам думается) and possessive pronouns (на наш взгляд; с моей точки зрения; по нашему мнению). The research is based on 64 official review reports given by official opponents and external reviewers to dissertations on linguistics, literary criticism, history, chemistry, physics and medical science. Self-mentions are regarded as part of the so-called pragmatic framework of communication formed by discourse markers – elements of the supplementary level of communication providing the setup of the discourse in the context of its logical arrangement, cohesion, consecution, composition and regulating the interaction between the author and the addressee. The research aims at the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the use of self-mentions in the speech genre of the dissertation review report and attempts to determine the factors influencing this use. Self-mentions used in evaluative academic discourse help create the effect of ecological, positive communication: they are viewed as hedges which subdue the critical stance of the report’s contents or as boosters which highlight the achievements of the reviewed research, create the atmosphere of closeness and solidarity with the addressee and on the whole enhance the persuasive effect within academic communication. Among the factors determining the use of self-mentions the author of the article singles out the academic sphere (discipline), the genre of academic discourse and gender. The research proves that self-mentions are more typical of reviews written by humanitarians than by natural scientists. It is also shown that we-self-mentions prevail over I-self-mentions and men use self-mentions more frequently than women.
English borrowings in modern Russian. On the problem of linguistic tolerance
Authors:   Saratov State University, Lashkova Galina V. , Matyashevskaya Angelina I. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

The article studies English borrowings in modern Russian. One of the main factors of borrowing is globalization which resulted in closer cooperation between countries at the turn of the centuries. One of the central problems of sociolinguistics is exponentially intensive interrelation of languages in the modern world. The predictions of perspectives and evaluation of its results for the Russian language have been changing during the last several decades. At present the widely preferred approach is linguistic tolerance to the constant enrichment of the Russian language vocabulary with English borrowings. It is regarded as an inevitable result of scientific and technical progress, socio-cultural and economic processes which take place in world integration. The article studies English borrowings functioning in various Internet resources, which are classified according to their thematic groups. These borrowings are analyzed from the point of view of their assimilation by the Russian language on all linguistic levels, namely: phonetic and graphical, morphological, grammatical and semantic. The evidence does not support some pessimistic statements of linguists that the Russian language “is being conquered” by the English language. A good illustration of this phenomenon is, for example, the assimilation of English monomorphemic borrowings, which become polymorphemic in the Russian language as it is characteristic of its synthetic structure as opposed to the analytical structure of the English language. It means that English borrowings take part in some definite word-formation processes, such as affixation, acquiring certain grammatical categories which are typical for the Russian language. It is concluded that inner laws of the Russian language successfully confront uncontrolled expansion of English borrowings.
The peculiarities of the oppositional political discourse of Ugandan politician Bobi Wine
Authors:   Institute for Social Sciences of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Alexeyev Alexander B.
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the political discourse of one of the most influential Ugandan opposition politicians, Bobi Wine, who is famous for his scathing criticism of Ioweri Museveni’s regime, existing since 1986. Bobi Wine, who officially started his political career in 2017, the year when he was elected in the Ugandan parliament, actually does not recognize the legitimacy of the rule of his ideological enemy. In the country the political myth is created according to which the opposition, and not Yoweri Musevini, won the presidential elections of 2021. Yoweri Museveni just used mass rigging of votes to ensure his victory. The research is carried out on the basis of interviews given by the oppositional politician in the years of 2017–2021. Its urgency is explained by the necessity to study non-systemic political discourse, including the one that belongs to poor, developing countries living not in democracy but in the conditions of harsh authoritarianism. The main method of the research is critical discourse analysis developed mainly by T. van Dejk, N. Fairclough, R. Wodak and based on the fundamental neo-Marxist and Foucauldian principles. It has been found out that the Ugandan oppositional political discourse is characterized by the accentuation of such oppositions as ‘the young generation vs. the older generation’, ‘people – authorities’. It is also marked by some degree of pathos, the belief in utopian visions and political myths as well as figurativeness. Bobi Wine emphasizes that he represents the Ugandan ghetto and, unlike his rival, he is young. Hence, he can understand the hopes of most Ugandan people who are tired of the many-years rule of the permanent leader of Uganda as well as the corruption flourishing in Uganda. In the speeches of the politician, the need for changes is explained. The stress is made on the fact that opposition does not have fear of the future while Yoweri Musevini, on the contrary, is portrayed as a person who has lost the sense of reality, and is, most of all, afraid of losing power.
“And the stars serve you”: The sun, the moon and stars as the external outlines of meaningful constants in the works of Protopope Avvakum (Based on the texts of different genres)
Authors:   Vologda Theological Seminary of the Vologda Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church, Zagumennov Alexander V.
Published: June 2022

The article deals with the identification of semantic constants in the corpus of the texts of Protopope Avvakum, which manifested themselves as a characteristic feature of his worldview with the help of certain resources of the language system. In this regard, the main attention is paid to the substantives “the sun”, “the moon” and “stars” as the external outlines of associative links that arise in a number of works. At the same time, the article considers only those cases where the indicated lexical units are part of a syntactically built sequence. Thus, the methodology of the present article includes contextual analysis, reconstruction, comparison techniques and elements of philological hermeneutics. For the first time on extensive material (Life, written by himself, Books of interpretations and moral teachings, Books of conversations, theological writings and epistolary heritage) it is proved that the mentioning of these celestial bodies actualizes two key meanings, which we conditionally designated as “eschatological” and “axiological”. The first of them is due to the awareness of Nikon’s reforms as the beginning of the last days and the proximity of the Last Judgment, characteristic of the period of the early Old Believers, and the second – to the need for Protopope Avvakum to respond to the actions of his supporters and followers. It was revealed that the contexts of the analyzed lexical units expressing the names of celestial bodies organize the body of works into two blocks. The eschatological meaning is found in a number of texts, including the main editions of Life ..., Book of Interpretations ... and On the Creation of the World ..., and the axiological meaning - in the Book of Conversations and the epistolary heritage. The article ends with a general conclusion about the importance of searching for similar constants for the rest of the Pustozersk Prisoners.
Genre modifications and “search for a genre” in Timur Kibirov’s novel The General and His Family
Authors:   Saratov State University, Elina Elena G.
Published: June 2022

Genre definition of Timur Kibirov’s The General and His Family caused disagreement among literary critics. The range of opinions concerning the definition of the novel’s genre include historical novel, family saga, cento novel, the novel about psychology and morality of the late years of the USSR. This article is concentrated on the novel’s genre definition. The genre framework of the text is the epoch-standard local family story depicted against the background of massive Soviet history. Text analysis allows to speak about the combination of the family and historical chronicle genres as the form and meaning generating composition and style structure in its historical stability. At the same time, the novel is distinguished by features of genre marginality (transitivity), manifested through genre contamination and genre diffusion. This allows Kibirov’s novel to absorb other compositional and stylistic formations, including that variety of the coming-of-age novel, which Bakhtin defines as a novel of ordeal. Contamination of various genres in the novel is based on the principle of their interpenetration, that is, genre-related new formations and connections appear in the text as a result of the diffusion process, that is when new meaningful forms arise as a result of mixing, displacement, constant and deliberate breaking of boundaries. The author in the text, commenting on the events and being one of their participants, uses the techniques of artistic play to lead a never-ending dialogue with the reader and the characters. The author’s vision makes it possible to perceive the novel written in the paradigm of “genre search” in its genre integrity.
P. A. Stolypin’s rhetorical skill
Authors:   Saratov State University, Baikulova Alla N. , Kulikova Galina S. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

The article presents a rhetorical analysis of published speeches of P. A. Stolypin, an outstanding statesman of Russia of the beginning of the 20th century, which were presented in the State Duma and the State Council in 1906–1911. An analysis of the manifestation of the most significant concepts of “Russia”, “power”, “law”, “right”, “duty”, “justice”, which the speaker constantly refers to, made it possible to show the specific features of his personality: patriotism, faith in people, inspiration by Orthodoxy, the desire for change based on sanity and precise calculation, activity (frequent use of the pronoun I with the words must, ready, etc.), decisiveness, firmness in solving state problems, in the struggle to defend the interests of Russia, as he understood them, self-criticism, willingness to take responsibility for his actions. Speech facts that testify to the rhetorical skill of P. A. Stolypin are noted: his concern for the addressee, manifested in the desire to clearly, simply, eminently argue the idea (the strategy of preliminary clarification of the state of affairs), in the dialoguization of speeches; respect for opponents; a clear structure of speeches, a combination of different styles in them with a special role of high style; the use of various layers and semantic fields of lexical units, tropes, rhetorical devices (metaphors, epithets, repetitions, series of homogeneous members, gradation, rhetorical questions and appeals, precedent phenomena, etc.). Of particular importance is the metaphorical nature of speech: the metaphors of the building, illness and recovery are revealed. Rhetorical elocutionary means increase the impact on the listeners, their motivation to make the right decisions. P. A. Stolypin’s special attitude to the word can be seen, which, from his point of view, should be truthful, correspond to actions, thoughts and feelings.
L. N. Tolstoy and P. A. Stolypin: Land issue (A historical confrontation of the writer and the politician)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Novikova Natalya V.
Published: June 2022

The image of P. A. Stolypin, who was burdened by the task of agrarian changes in the country, still remains the object of the “arguments of the parties”. As a rule, one of the arguments ‘for’ or ‘against’ Stolypin’s agrarian policy is drawn from the content of L. Tolstoy’s letters of 1907-1909 to the reformer and his only reply. All these letters date to the most intense period of the land “revolution” in the sovereign state, which only started half a century after serfdom had been abolished. The current epistolary situation is really indicative because it reveals the views and aspirations of the two most prominent figures of the beginning of the 20th century, who had different opinions on the solutions of the most significant issue for Russia – the one of the land. The author of the present paper has a goal to study the epistolary sources anew, to sort through the essence of the program attitudes of each of the participants of the epistolary communication, and, where practicable, figure out the history of how these attitudes had been formed; reveal the ethical, psychological and intonation texture of the letters, which should facilitate the recreation of the more precise idea of the personalities of the writer and the politician, as well as the atmosphere of the epoch. Equally wishing well-being to their compatriots, separately L. N. Tolstoy and P. A. Stolypin were convinced that the way offered by each of them was the only way to achieve this well-being, which is demonstrated in the letters, as well as the speeches of the Prime Minister at the State Duma. The confrontation of the sender and the addressee was supported by the opponents and advocates of Stolypin’s reforms. L. Tolstoy, arguing for the abolition of land ownership, for the introduction of the “single tax”, by the strength of his influence on the contemporaries objectively hindered the historically reasonable innovations, proposed by the head of the government, who considered it necessary to discontinue the commune and to encourage the working peasant, by making him the owner of the land. The letter reflects the dramatic intensity of the reform implementation process and the dramatic state of their initiator and leader.
The image of P. A. Stolypin in A. I. Solzhenitsyn’s works
Authors:   Saratov State University, Altynbaeva Gulnara M. , Gerasimova Ludmila E. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

In the article the image of P. A. Stolypin is analyzed on the material of The Red Wheel, Diary R-17, memoires and essays by A. I. Solzhenitsyn. The authors trace the course the writer took while working on the artistic presentation of the image of one of the most prominent Russian state figures of the 20th century; they show Solzhenitsyn’s artistry in endeavoring to reveal to the reader all the “prominence”, “expressiveness” of this great person, as well as the significance of Stolypin’s destiny for the future of Russia. The authors of the research observe how in The Red Wheel Stolypin’s destiny is linked to that of Russia, following Solzhenitsyn in comprehending Stolypin as a “doer” responsible to Russia. In the course of the research Stolypin’s chapter with reviews in August 1914, has been analyzed in detail. This enabled the authors to grasp Stolypin’s image as the focal one in The Red Wheel, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, as Solzhenitsyn’s favourite character, conveyed realistically, and, at the same time, personally, compassionately, through “the dialectic of the soul”. The reader perceives a straightforward, strong-willed, dynamic, determined and ethically wholesome politician. The storylines of Guchkov, Bogrov, Nikolas II are essential to understanding Stolypin’s image. Focusing on these characters, the authors of the article show Stolypin’s role in their destinies. In The Red Wheel the artistic image of Stolypin is created by complex forms of inner monologues, quotes, free indirect discourse, the alternation of scenes and reports (summaries of events), by the abundance of the author’s “insertions”, by the multiple functions of irony. In the process of research the texts of P. A. Stolypin’s speeches were drawn upon, his children’s reminiscences, his biography, historians’ opinions. The chosen historical context provided a valuable insight into Solzhenitsyn’s historical method and the writer’s historiosophic reasoning.
Neoprotectionism as a necessary condition for the technological development of modern Russia
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Naidenova Natalia V.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The contradictions that have accumulated in the world economy call into question the advantages of globalization and free trade, reinforcing the tendencies of protectionism. Theoretical analysis. Since mercantilism, which created the prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution, protectionism and industrial policy havebeen used as complementary mechanisms. In the twentieth century, protectionism was finally ousted from trade policy and from scientific research. However, the policy of free-trade has not been able to remove the contradictions of the countries of the “core” and “periphery”, whose socio-economic inequality persists. There is a need to develop a new concept of international trade, called neoprotectionism. Empirical analysis. A significant disruption of the international trade balance between its largest participants significantly affects Russia. The reproduction system created after the reforms and the level of gross accumulation insufficient to overcome deindustrialization led to a high degree of depreciation of fixed assets and the destruction of the production basis of the Russian economy. Results. The risk of external threats and the need to overcome the technological gap determine the use of neoprotectionism, which provides preferences primarily for enterprises aimed at social efficiency, since the concept of a domestic producer has lost its original meaning in the process of globalization.
Precarization of employment in digital economy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Manokhina Nadezhda V. , Mityaeva Natalia V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Precarization of employment has become one of the objective and significant manifestations of the employment processes transformation in the digital economy, while it is rapidly expanding and becoming more complex. The increase in upward precarization, depending on the degree of digitalization processes development and economic turbulence, indicates that it has acquired the qualities and characteristics of a clearly dominant trend in modern economic development, which has already become a reality for different categories of employed and which all participants and contractors of the labor market – employees and employers – have to reckon with. Precarization of the employed is a relatively new and therefore only fragmentally studied phenomenon not only for the global labor market, but also for the Russian labor market, where it has its manifestations and features. All this in general determines the relevance of the research topic. Theoretical analysis. The study of various aspects of precarization of employment in the digital economy as a stochastic system – its content, causes, main manifestations and related consequences, externalities – is of scientific interest. Particularly significant in epistemological and ontological aspects is the analysis of the reasons for the intensification of precarization processes in digital economy in relation to Russian conditions, namely, the reduction of jobs, the excess of the need for new specialists over the capabilities of the modern education system, the transition to the platformization of labor processes, the expansion of the short-term contracts economy. Results. Active processes of precarization in the digital economy create conditions for the formation of new employment standards and new competencies of the employed.
Non-lethal weapon and special tools differentiation issues (Forensic and medico-legal points of view)
Authors:   Management Academy of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Vladimirov Vladimir Yu. , Ermolova Elena I. ,   Forensic Center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russian Federation
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The article touches upon the topical issues of forensic weapon study connected to the necessity for differentiating so called non-lethal weapon and law enforcement services special tools as well. Theoretical analysis. The lack of any criteria for group pertaining identification of such articles, devices or substances creates many legal conflicts. These collisions, in their turn, hamper adequate criminal evaluation and regulation of their circulation in civil, military and law enforcement realms and development of the schemes and requirements for measuring the optimality of non-lethal weapon kill effects and specific qualities of lawenforcement special services tools, which provokes unbiased difficulties in managing certified diagnostic medico-biological tests. Empirical analysis. The category of destruction means, conventionally referred to as non-lethal weapons, should be considered as a classification subgroup in the common system of forensic weapon classification. The determinant features of this category of weapons, that is called “firearms of limited destruction” for its firearm version, should be the compliance with the forensic definition of the weapon as a means specially designed and technically suitable for hitting a living or other target and having no direct purpose in everyday life or production; ensuring the minimum probability of causing permanent damage to health, life, property, and the environment; intended use for temprorary deprivation of the enemy’s manpower of the ability to attack or resist. Result. There is a need for more profound and detailed research into forensic and medico-biological aspects of the circulation of weapons of limited destruction for military and police purposes and for self-defense.
Identification period of homemade firearms
Authors:   Saratov State University, Matov Oleg R.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. Currently, cases of illegal use of homemade firearms are increasingly common in expert practice. When examining the scene of the incident, experts seize bullets and shells fired from homemade pistols and revolvers. While examining them, databases of traces are created. Possible reasons for the difference in the identification period of homemade firearms from factory ones are discussed. Experiment. To establish the identification period in homemade firearms, experiments were carried out, during which a significant difference was found between the identification period of homemade firearms and factory-made firearms. Discussion of the results. When studying the dependence of maintaining the individualizing complex of features unchanged in traces on bullets and cartridge cases, it was revealed that the identification period of homemade firearms is much shorter than that of factory-made firearms, which must be taken into account in expert practice.