bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 316L Stainless Steel Brazed Joints
Authors: Gu Xiao Long , Yang Chang Jin , Chen Zhuo Jun , Wu Cheng Dong , Feng Long Long
Published: December 2011

The effects of brazing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of vacuum brazed joints of 316L stainless steel were studied. Choose three soldering temperature. After soldering, observed the microstructure, element distribution, microhardness and shear strength of welding clearance. The results show that the welding temperature for 940 °C, the brazing clearance organization mainly by Ni-Cr-P phase composition. Joint performance is poor, element can't get enough spread. P element does not spread easily, mainly in the brazing clearance; Cr element can spread along the grain boundary into mother material; the ability of spread of Ni elements is less than the Cr element. While welding temperature of 970 °C, the shear strength is the highest, and the comprehensive performance is the best.
Effects of Thickness Ratio on Interface Characteristic and Mechanical Properties of Ti/C Laminated Composites
Authors: Long Wen Yuan , Li Pei Pei
Published: December 2011

The Ti/TiC/C laminated composite material was fabricated with the sheet of Ti and C by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology. The effects of thickness ratio on the interface characteristics and mechanical properties of interfacial reaction were studied. The results show that: the reaction layer thickness increases with the thickness ratio. When the thickness ratio was 3:1, the degree of interfacial reaction was better in the case of other conditions are the same. The thickness of reaction layer achieved 33.58μm. The laminated composite bending strength and fracture power reached the maximum 3494.52MPa and 614.89×103J/m2, respectively. The greater fracture power, the more energy absorbed in the process of damage, the higher toughness improved.
Process Optimization and Properties of Laser Cladding High Speed Steel Coatings on Nodular Cast Iron
Authors: Lv Jian Bin , Wang Zheng Yi , Wang Xue Wei , Liu Chang Sheng
Published: December 2011

Rolls in the steel industry withstand very high loads, thermal cycling leading to thermal fatigue, and severe environmental. How to improve the wear resistance and elongate the service life of rolls matters a lot in reducing the consumption of rolls. In recent years, because of its better red-hardness and wear property, high speed steel (HSS) was used to manufacture the new type composite rolls. As a surface treatment technology, laser cladding can fabricate coating to improve the wear resistance of substrate. In this paper, the substrates for laser cladding were nodular cast iron rolls, Nd:YAG solid pulsed laser and continuous wave CO2 laser were both used to explore the feasibility of preparation HSS coatings. The Nd:YAG laser cladding results that the coated layers combined metallurgically with the substrate with a lot of microcracks. The average microhardness up to 600 HV is about 2 times as high as that of the substrate. The CO2 laser cladding results that: fully dense and crack free clad surfaces of high speed steel with an excellent metallurgical bonding were deposited. The average microhardness up to 900 HV is about 3 times as high as that of the substrate. The high-temperature (500 °C) wear rate is 40% of nodular cast iron’s in 30 min.
Effect of Scanning Path on the Thermal Stress of Titanium Alloy in the Laser Cladding
Authors: Ren Zhi , Tian Yan Ling , Zhou Ming Yue , Zheng Huan Ying , Zhang Shuai
Published: December 2011

Laser cladding on the titanium alloy is widely applied with the development of laser technology in the industry. However, the cracks, produced during the process, greatly confine the development of laser cladding technology. Cracks are mainly resulted from the over high thermal stress in the coatings, so it is extreme important to confine the thermal stress of cladding coatings. To investigate the influence of process parameters on the cladding coating's stress, the model of laser cladding based on Ti-6Al-4V is built in the way of finite element method (FEM) and three different scanning paths are chosen to calculate the stress of cladding layer. The results show that the spire-in scanning path is the best way to minimize the cladding coatings’ thermal stress. The numerical results provide the theoretical guidance for optimization of the laser cladding process on titanium alloys.
Effect of Heating Temperature on the Microstructural Evolution of Al-5.8%Zn-1.63%Mg-2.22%Cu-0.12%Zr Gas Atomized Powders
Authors: Li Feng Xain , Liu Yun Zhong , Luo Xia
Published: December 2011

Al-5.8%Zn-1.63%Mg-2.22%Cu-0.12%Zr powders were manufactured by gas atomization process. The effect of temperature on microstructural evolution of the powders was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). On reheating the atomized powders into semisolid state, the phase chemistry and quantity of liquid were typically changed as the system established equilibrium. As the heat treated temperature was increased from 550 °C to 620 °C, the amount of η (MgZn2) phase decreases and a great number of particles Al2Cu precipitates in the powders interior. The inter-diffusion of species will be the main factor. Considering the factors of microstructure, 600 °C is determined to be the best semi-solid forming temperature.
Wear Resistance Improvement of Titanium Bearings by Laser Gas Nitriding
Authors: Costa Santos Edson , Kida Katsuyuki , Rozwadowska Justyna , Honda Takashi , Koike Hitonobu , Kashima Yuji , Kanemasu Kenji , Matsumoto Ryo
Published: December 2011

The influence of gas nitriding on commercial pure titanium and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy bearings by using a Q-sw laser on the wear loss during rolling contact fatigue is investigated. By optimizing the laser processing parameters, such as laser scanning speed, power and beam diameter thin TiN coats of 0.5 to 3 µm were produced. Non-coated and coated bearings made of pure Titanium and Ti-6Al-4V alloy were tested in equal conditions and it was found that the titanium nitride layers significantly improve the rolling contact fatigue performance of titanium components. For tests up to 106 cycles the wear loss of the coated samples was at least ten fold lower than that of the uncoated ones and for 7.76 x 106 cycles, the wear resistance improved almost 100-fold.
Study on Ultra Fast Cooling Technology in Hot Strip Mill
Authors: Peng Liang Gui , Zhao Xian Ming , Wu Di , Gao Yang , Zhang Zhong Ping , Liu Yong , Sun Liang , Yu Da Hong
Published: December 2011

With advanced high-strength steels and high value-added steels development, it is very important to improve the cooling capacity and cooling intensity of the run out table cooling system. The key technology is to break the vapor between hot strip and cold water and to increase the direct contact area. In order to realize the ultra fast cooling, Laboratory research such as jet nozzle type selection and diameter of nozzle decision and factory tests such as cooling capacity testing have been done. Experiment results show that circular nozzle has bigger hitting power than fan-type nozzle. However, drainage capacity caused by fan-type nozzle is better than that by circular nozzle. In addition, nozzles of different diameters have nearly the same cooling capacity despite of the very different water flow. Cooling power testing results show that cooling capacity is enhanced with pressure increasing and with speed decreasing.
Evaluation of Non-Uniform Deformation of Multi-Layered Ceramic Sheets with Printed Electrodes during Compression
Authors: Naruse Fumio , Tada Naoya
Published: December 2011

With the recent trend of down-sizing and more efficient use of electric power in electric appliances, there is a growing need of smaller electronic components, such as multi-layered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). However, it was found that the non-uniform deformation occurred in MLCC block during the pressing process and it hinders the miniaturization of MLCCs. In this study, compression tests of multi-layered ceramic sheets with printed electrodes were carried out and the deformation behavior was observed in situ and recorded by digital video camera. The change in area fraction and transverse displacement were evaluated and the deformation mechanism was inferred from the results.
Influence of Reinforcing Materials on the Properties of Woven Spacer Fabric Composite Sandwich Panels
Authors: Jia Li Xia , Sun Yun Juan , Yang Xing You , Wang Rui
Published: December 2011

Two kinds of fiber materials, glass fiber and technical polyester filament were used to design six different kinds of woven spacer fabrics. Then in the space of the fabric the polyurethane foam was filled and on the surface of the fabric the epoxy resin was combined by means of handle paste shaping craft to build the composite panels. The flexure and compression performance of the composite panels were measured. The experimental results showed that the difference of the materials influenced the properties of compression and flexure to some extent.
Wax Formation Study by the Pyrolysis of High Density Polyethylene
Authors: Luo Cai Rong , Ding Fei , Zhang Hai Rong , Xiong Lian , Guo Hai Jun , Chen Xin De
Published: December 2011

Pyrolysis of high density polyethylene (HDPE) to polyethylene wax (PEW) in a 1 L continues stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) was studied at 360-420 °C with 5-240 min, yield of PEW was discussed and the properties such as the drop melting point and average molecular weight of wax were determined. The PEW had a melting point of 104-120 °C, and an average molecular weight of around 3000 with a good dispersity at 673 K. Moreover, the composition of wax determined by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) indicated that it was less branched than commercial waxes.
Application of Machine Vision in Grading and Identification of Grafting Seedlings
Authors: Wang Yan , Tian Su Bo , Qiu Li Chun
Published: December 2011

The automation level of grafting robot is relatively low because it still needs manual grading and identification of seedlings. Machine vision technology is a rapid, nondestructive and real-time inspection technology which is used in many industries. Its speed and accuracy can meet the requirements of sorting and inspection and help improve grafting automation level. It has been used successfully in the identification of quality, outward-feature properties and growth point of seedlings. This paper reviews the recent application of machine vision in grading and identification of seedlings in detail.
Experimental Study of Light Intensity on I-V Characteristic of Single Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell
Authors: Meng Tao , Zhang Chun Mei , Liu Chun , Meng Shan Shan
Published: December 2011

It is important to understand the effect of the light intensity on output performance of the solar cell, in order to evaluate the I-V curve of solar cell under various environment conditions. Based on the method of sun-light sources simulation and the linear interpolation method, this paper dissused the I-V characteristics of single crystalline silicon solar cell under different light intensity. The experiment results show that with the increasing of light intensity of solar simulator, the open circuit voltage VOC changed very little，the characteristics parameters short circuit current Isc increased linearly, the maximum power output Pm increased linearly, and the photoelectric transgormation efficiency η kept a constant appromixaly after increasing to a certain level.
Stress Analysis and Life Estimation of Staged Prestressed Combined Cavity Die
Authors: Lv Zhi Peng , Ma Xiu Hua , Zhou Si Zhu
Published: December 2011

According to the structure strength optimization theory, each cavity die layer’s size and inter layer interference were obtained by using the Lame formula. The end angle and height difference were introduced into the finite element model, and a new and reasonable staged inclined end prestressed combined cavity die have been designed. The cavity die’s working life was forecasted by wear model and fatigue fracture model, and the conclusion was acquired that fatigue is the main factor to destroy the cavity die.
Humidity Sensing Property of Mesoporous Indium Oxide
Authors: Huang Wei , Tu Jin Chun , Cao Yang , Wang Xiao Hong , Li Jin , Xiao Kai
Published: December 2011

In this paper, mesoporous indium oxide has been synthesized by the hard template route from the SBA-15 silica template. The results characterized from XRD, and N2 adsorption-desorption demonstrated that the synthesis can be controlled successfully in nanometer (meso-structure) scale. The obtained sample was investigated as humidity sensing material by coating on a ceramic plate, and the humidity sensing performance can be enhanced up to more than three orders of magnitude without any doping. Further testing proved that it is a promising humidity sensing material and can be widely used, and a possible mechanism was also provided.
A Case-Based Reasoning Combined with AHP Wighting for Cutter Conceptual Configuration Prediction Model
Authors: Wang Xian Yun , Liu Jian Qin , Guo Wei
Published: December 2011

Abstract For complex and difficult geology, it is difficult to design right cutters for TBM in the conventional ways. So the successful experiences and data accumulated are very useful in TBM disc cutters design. CBR is a reasoning methodology that exploits similar experienced solutions, in the form of past cases, to solve new problems. This paper proposes an AHP-Based CBR model that overcomes the difficulty of measuring experience for determining the relative weight of attributes by the analytic hierarchy process. By comparing, the model using the analytic hierarchy process was more accurate, reliable, and explanatory for solving new problems using experience from previous cases.
Design Research on Feeding Paper Machine of Printing Press
Authors: Sun Qiu Yan , Zhang Dong Chun , Cheng Yu , Li Xin Yue
Published: December 2011

The article introduces each component of feeding paper machine of printing press which are press feet mechanism, paper separation mechanism and paper transfer mechanism, the function and the principle of work. Each mechanism is undertook a variety of designs and we choose the best design of each structure according to its functions. Design adopted is as follows: Press feet mechanism adopts the cam-linkage mechanism; Paper separation mechanism adopts the cam-linkage slider mechanism; Paper transfer mechanism adopts the conjugate cam-linkage slider mechanism. The machine is simple, practical and reliable.
Research of Collision Probability and Teaching Platform for Wireless Network Transmission Interference Analysis
Authors: Jin Xin Yu , Chen Sheng , Wu Duan Po , Jiang Lu Rong
Published: December 2011

In wireless network communication system, the complexity of communication system makes it difficult in experimental teaching and studying transmission interference. As collision probability is an important factor in transmission interference, the model to compute collision probability is very necessary. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed in computing collision probability based on handoff model. Then, a related hardware and software platform is established for analyzing transmission interference in high speed railway system. In simulation, it proves that collision probability can be decreased if the time of sending packet is changed.
Research Analysis and Experiment Study on Flow Field of Hydrodynamic Coupling
Authors: Zhang Rui , Sun Cheng Jian , Wang Yue
Published: December 2011

CFD simulation and PIV test technology provide effective solution for revealing the complex flow of hydrodynamic coupling’s internal flow field. Some articles reported that the combination of CFD simulation and PIV test can be used for analyzing the internal flow field of coupling, and such analysis focuses on one-phase flow. However, most internal flow field of coupling are gas-fluid two-phase flow under the real operation conditions. In order to reflect the gas-fluid two-phase flow of coupling objectively, CFD three-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted under two typical operation conditions. In addition, modern two-dimensional PIV technology is used to test the two-phase flow. This method of combining experiments and simulation presents the characteristics of the flow field when charging ratios are different.
Change Detection of Coastal Landscape Pattern Using GIS: a Case Study of Tianjin Binhai New Area
Authors: Gu Feng Xia , Liu Wen Bao
Published: December 2011

Change detection of landscape patterns has become a fundamental research theme in urban and rural studies due to its scientific importance in understanding the connection of global environment changes to social-economic dynamics. Landscape patterns can be directly represented and visualized by landuse maps, and they can also be further abstracted and mathematically quantified by landscape metrics. This paper examines the changes in coastal landscape patterns of Tianjin Binhai New Area using landuse datasets of 1981, 1990 and 2000. The results show that the coastline played a controlling role in shaping landscape patterns across the study area. As a result, the rate of urban expansion in the north-south direction was much faster than that in the east-west direction. During the period of 1981-2000, most changes occurred on urban land, forestland, wetland and agricultural land, while the change on water bodies remained insignificant.
Parameters Optimization and Theoretical Analysis on Duckbill-Type Device for Sugar Beet Paper Pot Seedling Transplanting
Authors: Lu Bing Fu , Yang Ji
Published: December 2011

The transplanting device is the key component of a sugar beet paper pot seedling transplanting machine. The parallel four-bar framework is composed of active and passive disc, connecting rod and the duckbill-type linkage, which could ensure duckbill-type device always moving perpendicular to the ground, and its trajectory is trochoid. When the device rotated to near the lowest position, the duckbill’s absolute speed is close to zero, at this time the paper pot seedlings were given out to drop into the trench smoothly through opening the beak, while the role of duckbill transfered from loading to helping the paper pot seedlings to avoid dumping, and the planting process is finished through earth up and suppression. The parameters of a duckbill-type transplanting device are obtained through optimization and simulation, which could meet the requirements of duckbill-type device for transplanting paper pot seedling of sugar beet.
Study on Dynamic Simulation Technology of Polar Coordinates Wafer-Handling Robot
Authors: Sha Zhi Hua , Zhang Mei Zhen , Zhang Sheng Fang
Published: December 2011

Based on the analysis of the structure, function and transmission ways of polar coordinates wafer-handling robot, the radial liner stretching kinematics model of wafer-handling robot is established, and the kinematics character of the robot is analyzed, the kinematics equations of the robot is established. Finally, based on Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 and Pro/toolkit, the dynamic simulation of polar coordinates wafer-handling robot is realized.
Body Fitted Grids Based FVM Simulation of Aluminum Extrusion Process
Authors: Wang Rui
Published: December 2011

A body fitted based finite volume method (FVM) model of aluminum extrusion processes was established in this paper. The basic theories and rigid-plastic flow theories of this model were researched and built. Body fitted grids were used to match complex geometric boundaries and local refinement of grids was also realized. Plastic shear friction model was applied on body fitted grids. A typical then walled profile extrusion process was simulated using the program developed in this paper. The simulation results were also compared with that simulated by FEM software Deform in the same process, material and die conditions. The feasibility and efficiency of the mathematic model built in this paper was demonstrated by the simulation results and the comparison.
Composite Measurement Method Based on Computer Vision Technology
Authors: Zhao Ping , Li Yong Kui , Xie Shan Liang
Published: December 2011

Based on analyzing current methods of acquiring point clouds data in reversing engineering, considering the features of structure light scanning and binocular stereovision, we proposed a composite measuring method based on vision technology, which combines the advantages of the two measurement methods in together, and established the measuring system. The greatest advantage of this method is that the edge data were obtained by binocular vision technology, and the internal data were obtained by Structure light method. In binocular vision, stereo matching was realized with the combination of epipolar constraint, corner feature matching and area matching, which could improve location precision and matching speed of feature point. An application example shows the composite measuring method is feasible.
Cost Modeling and Simulation for Mining Mechanical Equipment Undergoing Maintenance
Authors: Yue Wen Hui , Wang Xiao Jun , Huang Liang Pei
Published: December 2011

Based on the time-to-failure density function of parts, the maintenance cost model of mining mechanical equipment is established and simulated. The influence factors of time-to-failure density function on the maintenance costs are analysed and the dynamic changing regularity is investigated, which is significant to establish reasonable maintenance strategies, improve the efficiency of equipment operation, reduce the costs and optimize the design of mechanical equipment parts.
Digital Jacquard Fabric Design with Visual Illusion Effect Based on Half-Backed Structure
Authors: Zhou Jiu , Liu Jie Yuan , Tang Lan Qian , Hu Ding Ting
Published: December 2011

Visual illusion is a new computer abstract art style in information age. Depending on digital design technology, applying digital image with visual illusion, digital jacquard fabric featuring visual illusion effect is produced based on the application of half-backed woven structure. Key technology is that using digital layered-combination design mode and backed structure design method, the structure of jacquard fabric can be designed to express entire color changes of yarn. If random covering effect among weft yarns were realized in compound fabric structure, delicate and random color transition can be produced on face of fabric. In this paper, the design principle and method of visual illusion effect digital jacquard fabric were introduced and analyzed with proper design illustrations and objective results. It is envisaged that this study has good reference to design innovation of digital jacquard fabric.
An Incremental Innovation Design Process Model Based on TRIZ
Authors: Yu Fei , Zhang Huan Gao , Tan Run Hua , Jin Hui , Dong Yan Qing
Published: December 2011

In the current market, most of the innovation is incremental innovation whose features are identifying problems based on the changing needs and solving problems without changing the current mainstream technology. An incremental innovation design process model based on TRIZ is proposed in this paper. First, with the method of product functional component tree, product without missing and redundant functions can be got through cutting the needless functions and adding the missing ones. Base on this, through constructing performance state diagram of technical subsystem, the performance which can not meet or over meet design requirements can be found. At last, construct the product’s three components -function model to transform the performances which do not meet demand into inventive problems which will be solved by the TRIZ tools. The approaches in the process model take full advantage of existing product which has known structure and performance. It avoids duplication of design and reduces design costs.
Innovative Design of a New Differential Brake
Authors: Zhou Wan Chun , Zhou Fen Fang
Published: December 2011

Abstract. Selects an excellent performance of the existing mechanism, the use of number synthesis theory of mechanism, according to generalized principle, we can get generalized kinematic chains which accord with topological structure of existing mechanism. After specify the type of link and kinematic pair, can get all the feasible specialized chains which meet the need. Finally, reverse derive according to the generalized principle, can get all schematic diagram of mechanism, which has the same or similar functions with the existing mechanism.
Study on Application of Characteristics of the Decorating Material in the Interior Space Design
Authors: Zhang Ming Li , Hu Wei Ping
Published: December 2011

In the Interior Space Design, the Decorating Material Is the Materialized Carrier of the Interior Space Design, and Designers Can Enrich and Beautify the Space Environment by Applying them. the Paper Mainly Makes Discussion on how to Meet the Functional and Aesthetic Demands of the Space by Applying the Decorating Material Characteristics.
Study of Test Site Construction for Passenger Car Working in Low Temperature
Authors: Mi Chen , Han Da Ming , Zhao Xin Hong
Published: December 2011

With the development of the automobile manufacture level in our country, it’s necessary to carry out the tests for whole vehicle or parts. At present, in China, only a few venues can provide the conditions for automotive testing, and all the test sites are at normal temperature. Therefore, the construction of low-temperature environment test site has become imminent. According to the survey, Heihe and Bei’an of Heilongjiang in China have established low-temperature test site spontaneously, but the test site are based on business requirements for each test, and there are no unified planning. So, how to build a rational, scientific, economic low-temperature test site, has become the focus of our research.
Ecological Safety Analysis and Statistics Measures of Wuyiling Wetland in Yichun in Northeast China
Authors: Li Ji Guang , Sun Hui , Ren Yi Bin , Ren Nan Qi , Yang Chun Wen , Zuo Chun Sheng , Jin Zhi Min , Shao Yan Qiu
Published: December 2011

Ecological Safety play in the wetland to maintain ecosystem equilibrium, ecosystems in wetland maintaining the safety of the ecological functions of wetlands play a huge role. Articles by SPSS statistical software, using factor analysis method and clustering analysis method to select a number of indicators before and after the incident on Wuyiling wetlands were studied. The results show that: the highest level of ecological security in the eastern region, the worst safety in the western region. The best scores of the Eastern biological factors; Eastern stability of the strongest water pollution incident; the safety of northern wetlands in water pollution after a downward trend. That pollution directly affects the safety of urban wetland.
Influence Study of Reinforced Fiber on the Impact Resistance Performance of Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Gao Lin , Shi Yan , Liu Ya Chang
Published: December 2011

Recycled aggregate concrete technology has been payed widely attention. In addition to the research on the basic performance of recycled aggregate concrete, the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete was also involved. Through mixing respectively steel fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel-polypropylene hybrid fiber into the recycled aggregate concrete, the writer studied the impact resistance performance of fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete, and compared the influence of reinforced fiber on the impact resistance performance of recycled aggregate concrete.
Effect of the Fibre Morphology and Aging Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibers
Authors: Cherouat Abel , Gong Xiao Lu , Ilczyszyn Florent , Jin Shuai , Montay Guillaume
Published: December 2011

In this study, digital treatment method was developed in order to reconstruction of the 3D CAD of hemp fibre geometry. The influence of each aging condition (moisture, heat and UV aging) on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber is investigated by micro tensile tests. Different hemp fibre morphologies was presented and discussed. The results showed a high impact of the hemp fibre morphology on their mechanical properties (Young modulus, maximum stress and failure strain). The influence of aging conditions on the mechanical properties of hemp fibers is also investigated.
Preparation of Hexagonal Fe3O4 Nanometer Particles via Weakly Magnetic Field Assisted Oxidation Co-Precipitation
Authors: Hu Da Wei , Wang Yan Ming
Published: December 2011

This paper utilized a novel oxidative co-precipitation method to synthesis hexagonal Fe3O4 nanometer particles, which assisted by a weakly magnetic field. The crystallinity, morphology, particle size distribution, compositions and magnetic properties of the as-prepared particles were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultrasonic particle sizer (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The formation mechanism of the hexagonal Fe3O4 nanometer particles, which assisted by a weakly magnetic field was also discussed. The results shown that the as-prepared hexagonal particles were purity magnetite (Fe3O4), and the weakly magnetic field could accelerate the phase transformation from goethite (α-FeOOH) to magnetite (Fe3O4), increase the particle size and uniform the morphology. The values of saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (H) of the hexagonal magnetic particles are 71.05 emu•g-1 and 474.3 Oe, respectively, which contributed to the morphology anisotropy of the particles.
Microstructures and Thermostability of Spray Formed Nb-Containing High Speed Steel
Authors: Yu Yi Peng , Huang Jin Feng , Cui Hua , Cai Yuan Hua , Zhang Ji Shan
Published: December 2011

The M3 type high speed steel billets with / without Nb addition were prepared via spray forming. The effects of cooling rate and Nb on the microstructures and property of the M3 type high speed steel were investigated. The results show that the as-cast steels contain coarse primary dendrites and M2C eutectic carbide, but the equiaxed grains and fine carbides are formed in the spray-formed steels. It can be seen that carbide precipitation and grain growth were suppressed by high cooling rate. The Nb additions can change the types of primary carbides. The solidified carbide microstructure was effectively changed from M2C to M6C type during the cooling of hot spray-formed billet. Niobium improves the microstructural thermostability of the M3 type high speed steel during heat treatments.
Preparation of Three-Dimensional Ordered Macroporous Perovskite-Type LaFeO3 Oxides
Authors: Zhao Kun , He Fang , Li Xin Ai , Huang Zhen , Li Hai Bing
Published: December 2011

Polystyrene spheres were prepared by soap free emulsion polymerization method. The effects of styrene concentration, polymerization time and self-assemble methods on the diameter of the polystyrene spheres were investigated. Different size of polystyrene microspheres could be obtained by changing styrene concentration and polymerization time. Polystyrene templates with good uniform and highly ordered can be assembled by means of vertical deposition method. Based on this template, three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) perovskite-type oxides LaFeO3 were successfully prepared which were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was also found that 1mol/L metal precursor solution which used ethanol solution of metal nitrates with citric acid addition gave the best 3DOM perovskite-type LaFeO3 oxides. The pores are uniform, flexible and arranged in a highly ordered form.
Probing Swelling and Shrinking Process of Polystyrene Film by In Situ Ellipsometry
Authors: Yang Xiu Yun , Li Jian Peng , Liu Yang , Gao Xiu Xia
Published: December 2011

We investigated the structural evolution of Polystyrene films at various conditions through multi-wavelength ellipsometry. We studied the thickness of film dependent of the process of swelling/shrinking, and the influence of the intensity of atmosphere，combining with PM (polarization microscope) to characterize the surface morphology. Results indicated that the increase and reduction of the film thickness are non-linear. Maximum swelling ratio and the variation of film thickness depend on the initial thickness of film and the intensity of atmosphere. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that in-situ multi-wavelength ellipsometry is an unique means to investigate the behavior of swelling and shrinking of film.
A Study of Clay Material Properties in Stop-Motion Animation
Authors: Tian Xiao Dong , Wei Bo Xuan , Hu Wei Ping
Published: December 2011

Stop-motion animation is an ancient form of animation. After nearly a century of development, the material application of stop-motion animation becomes diversified. Currently, however, the well-known stop-motion animations are produced by clay materials. Clay materials play an important role in the application of stop-motion animation. Clay materials, because of its expressive ability demonstrated by its strong plasticity, enables the roles it has shaped lively and characteristic and the stop-motion animation to be full of affinity and vitality. This paper starts from the properties and material expressive ability of clay materials, combined with the short clay animation film named Daffodil to have a study and analysis of the vitality demonstrated by clay materials.
Morphologies and Crystal Phase Control of Calcium Carbonate Using “Crew-Cut” Micelles of Poly (styrene)-b-Poly (acrylic acid) as a Crystal Growth Modifier at Room Temperature
Authors: Li Qing Kai , Wang Yan Ping , Wang Yi Min
Published: December 2011

Cubic layer-structured calcite and spherical vaterite were successfully prepared in the present of PS-b-PAA at room temperature. The products were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and flourier transform infrared spectrum (FI-IR). The characterized results revealed that the PS-b-PAA concentration had a considerable influence on the morphologies and crystal phase transformation. With the PS-b-PAA concentration increasing, the crystal phase of CaCO3particles would have a significant transition from calcite to vaterite, and the morphologies also showed remarkable changes from cubic layer-superstructure to spherical shape. Furthermore, cubic structured CaCO3 particles with a larger size of ca. 100 μm in side length could be prepared by gas diffusion method, indicating that the “crew-cut” micelles are able to result in long-live crystal active sites so that novel large-scale inorganic materials might be prepared.
A Comparative Study on the Effects of FSS with Different Elements on the Characteristics of Radar Absorbing Materials
Authors: Chen Xin Yi , Wang Jian Bo , Lu Jun , Sun Guan Cheng , Chen Gui Bo
Published: December 2011

The three common frequency selective surface (FSS) structure, i.e. ring, crosses and Y-aperture which have the same center frequencies are designed, then the three FSS structures are placed at absorbing materials to form complex absorbing structures which are simulated by means of spectral domain approach. Therefore, the effects of different FSS on the characteristics of absorbing materials are studied and the influence laws are given. This research offers reference to element selection for the application of common FSS to absorbing materials.
Study on the Stability of Insect Wax during Storage Period
Authors: Li Kun , Zhang Ru Guo , Zhang Hong , Zheng Hua , Li Kun , Zhang Wen Wen
Published: December 2011

For the wide application of insect wax, it was studied on its thermal properties under different conditions in which the wax was stored at cold, dark, indoor and sunshine environment. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was selected to achieve thermal parameters and reveal the influence of temperature on the stability of the wax. The result showed that within 20 months of natural storage, it was significant influence on the melting enthalpy of Hunan insect wax, the melting point of Sichuan insect wax and the melting peak of Sichuan insect wax with the Sig values were 0.013, 0.009 and 0.000. And the quality of wax was characterized by IR, XRD and physical-chemical indexes. The results showed that within 20 months, it was slightly changed in the crystallinity and chemical constituents. Therefore, the wax with good stability can be used for medicine, food, functional materials and other industrial purposes safely.
Preparation and Properties of Thermo-Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Hydrogels
Authors: Zhang Wei Lai , Zhao Yi Ping , Liu Xiao Hong , Chen Li , Zhang Qing Song , Zhao Kong Yin , Chen Jiao Jiao
Published: December 2011

In this paper, D-naproxen imprinted poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)hydrogels was prepared by thermal polymerization method with D-naproxen as the template and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) as functional monomer, N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBAA) as cross-linking agent. The thermal properties of the hydrogels were characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and the swelling behaviors, thermo-sensitivity and adsorption were studied respectively. The results showed that the D-naproxen imprinted hydrogels have good temperature-response and the LCST is about 33°C. The molecularly imprinted have good adsorbability to D-naproxen.
Study on Dehydration Process of Wet Natural Rubber by Single Screw Dehydrator and Properties of Dry Natural Rubber
Authors: Chen Mei , Zhang Fu Quan , Wang Yong Zhou , Huang Mao Fang , Deng Wei Yong
Published: December 2011

In this work, one self-invented closed single screw dehydrator was used to dehydrate wet natural rubber, instead of current three opened crepers and one hammer mill at home and abroad. The dehydration technology and the properties of the obtained dry natural rubber were studied. The results show that single screw dehydrator can simplify dehydration process. The water consumption of single screw dehydrator is 20% of current productive technology, meaning a lower wastewater discharge and treatment cost of wastewater. The moisture content of dehydrated natural rubber is lower than 20%, a good dehydration effect. The dry natural rubber dehydrated with single screw dehydrator has an improved thermal-oxidation ageing resistance whether dried by hot-air or microwave. The thermal-oxidation ageing resistance of natural rubber dried by microwave is better than that of hot-air drying, the value of initial plasticity (P0) and plasticity retention index (PRI) are 29.3 unit value and 19.26 unit value greater than that of SCR5 in GB/T 8081, respectively.
The Development and Performance Evaluation of Hydrophobic Association Polymer Pre-Cross Linked Particulate
Authors: Qin Chuan , Wen Guang Hua , Zhou Lang , Jin Jian Bo , Shi Xin
Published: December 2011

Due to the shortage of traditional pre-cross linked particulate, such as suspension property, temperature and salt tolerance, and injectivity, this paper developed hydrophobic association polymer pre-cross linked particulate based on hydrophobic association polymer. The performance evaluation of rheological behavior, microstructure and mobility control ability demonstrate that hydrophobic association polymer pre-cross linked particulate can partly dissolved in water, and has certain viscosity thickening and suspension property; it partly cross linking forming mesh structure, and has strong resilience; it can deform through the porous media after swelling, and has good mobility control ability.
The Impact of Reflux Ratio on Rectification Column Theoretical Plate Number
Authors: Wang Jia Yang , Li Zuo Yong , Zhang Bi , Liu Wei
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the computer-aided calculation is introduced to study the influences of the reflux ratio on the theoretical plate number of rectification column. It is found that the number of theoretical plates of rectification column is increasing as the decreasing of the reflux ratio, which is mainly caused by the increasing of the plate number in rectifying section. On the other hand, it is found that when reflux ratio is reduced in small interval, the theoretical plate number is increased in a zigzag shape. This interesting phenomenon is analyzed in depth and a reasonable explanation is given.
Reliability Study of CNC Machining Centers
Authors: Ma Yan , Li Wei , Li Dan Ping
Published: December 2011

CNC machining centers were analyzed by the failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (FMECA) method for identifying the weakest links of a CNC machining center and obtaining that the spindle system is the primary factor that affects the reliability of CNC machining centers. The spindle system was analyzed at different feed speed by the finite element method. The results have important guiding significance for the reliability research of CNC machine tools.
An Experiment Study on Woven Fiber Reinforced Rubber Composite Armor against Shaped Charge Jet
Authors: Jia Xin , Huang Zheng Xiang , Zu Xu Dong , Xia Min
Published: December 2011

Rubber composite armor panels have been used for many years as very efficient add-on armor against shaped charge warheads. In this work, we did some DOP test about four types woven fiber reinforced rubber composite armor against shaped charge jet and explained the origin of the disturbances on the jet due to the interaction with the forward plate. The results of DOP test showed that the Kevlar or PBO woven fiber reinforced rubber composite armor performs better than E-glass and carbon types.
Finite Element Analysis of 5MW Fiberglass and Carbon Fiber Wind Turbine Blade
Authors: De Tian , Chen Guang Hua , Zhang Jian Mei
Published: December 2011

Abstract: Base on finite element method of composite, take 5MW horizontal axis wind turbine blades as example, skin uses a mixture of fiberglass and carbon fiber as ply, spar caps and web adopt carbon fiber ply entirely to build the finite element model of the blade. The total weigh of the blade is 20.2 ton. Use Bladed software calculated the limit load of each cross-section, analyzed the stress distribution of each section and the modal characteristics of the blade, these provide a theoretical reference for the application of carbon fiber using on MW class wind turbine blade.
Preparation and Characterization of Ni-Containing Aluminophosphate Molecular Sieves
Authors: Sun Ying , Ge Lan Ying
Published: December 2011

Aluminophosphate molecular sieve and Ni(II)-containing APO-5 materials were synthesized hydrothermally and characterized by various analytical and spectroscopic techniques. It indicates that the nickel ions with a divalent oxidation state can incorporate into the tetrahedral coordination in mesoporous aluminophosphate very well. The better crystallizing temperature is explored. A stronger crystalline form is obtained with the addition of HF. Further, microporous aluminophosphate molecular sieves and Ni(II) ions remain in a tetrahedral geometry even after calcination at 550 °C.
Effect of Si-SiC Additives on Properties of Tap Hole Clay
Authors: Han Fa , Xue Wen Dong , Huang Xiao Xiao
Published: December 2011

Non-water taphole clay was prepared by using high alumina ((Al2O3)>85%,Particle Size is 3~1, ≤1 mm),coke, clay, kyanite, Ferrosilicon Nitride Powder and Corundum powder, adding more 15% tar as the binder and Si-SiC (0,4%,8%,12%) to replace Ferrosilicon Nitride. Specimens with dimensions of φ50mm × 50mm and 125mm × 25mm × 25mm were prepared under a uniaxial pressure of 5MPa. The microstructure, high temperature bending strength (600oC,800 oC,1000 oC,1200 oC,1400 oC) and apparent porosity and sinter ability of the tap hole clay were studied. The influence of the substitution content of Si-SiC of the tap hole Clay was also investigated. The results showed that the high temperature bending strength of the samples decreased with the increasing of Si-SiC and apparent porosity almost no changing, but it could still met the need of the actual requirement. The Si-SiC substitution content within 5% of the tap hole clay has also good performance. Through the analysis of the microscopic structure of the tap hole clay, the tap hole clay with Si-SiC has good sinter ability.
Indonesia Coal Explosive Characteristic of Pulverized Coal in Experiment
Authors: Li Jia Hu , Yin Li Bao
Published: December 2011

In this paper, the explosion experiments of Indonesia pulverized coal cloud are carried out. The pressure histories are recorded. The maximum pressure, the maximum pressure rising rates and the explosion time are analysed based on the pressure histories. The experiment results indicate that with the increase of pulverized coal concentration, the maximum explosion pressure and maximum pressure rising rate at first increases, then decreases, and the explosion time is contrary to that.
Progress towards the Automatic Assembly of Carbon Nanotubes by Dielectrophoresis
Authors: Feng Li Jia , An Li Bao , Lu Chun Guang , Lu Chen Wei
Published: December 2011

Developing automatic assembly techniques is essential for the application of advanced nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This paper presents a review of current research progress towards the automatic assembly of CNTs by dielectrophoresis (DEP). The mechanisms and experimental set-up of three methods for controlled DEP assembly of CNTs are introduced. One is using a limiting resistor to control the electric field after the deposition of a single CNT or a bundle of CNTs. The other two measure electrode gap electrical signals, gap impedance and current respectively, indicating CNT connections to stop the DEP process. The real-time electrical signal monitoring during the DEP process and controlling the DEP using the detected signals represent a research direction in the manipulation of a wide category of nanomaterials and will speed up the industrial applications of the materials.
Simulation and Experimental Measurement of Ultrasonic Waves Propagation Velocity in Trabecular Bone
Authors: Bennamane Abderrazek , Boutkedjirt Tarek
Published: December 2011

The influence of porosity on ultrasonic waves propagation in porous media, specifically in the bone tissue is examined in this work. The tissue is considered as a complex medium (anisotropic and heterogeneous) made of a rigid skeleton, filled by a medium which is supposed to be fluid. The theory of Biot is well suitable to describe the behavior of the ultrasonic waves in this tissue. The aim of this work is to determine how porosity affects propagation velocities of the various waves susceptible to propagate through the cortical or trabecular bone. By reference to this model and taking account of the viscous dissipation of the interstitial fluid, various propagation velocities were determined. A range of porosity extending from 0 to 1 and two types of fluid saturation (water and marrow) was considered. The results obtained show the influence of porosity on the propagation velocities of the longitudinal waves (the slow and the fast one) as well as of the transverse wave. Porosity and the nature of the interstitial fluid affect the dissipation phenomenon. According to the model suggested in this study and to the experimental results obtained, it can be affirmed that the determination of various propagation velocities in the bone leads to its characterization and can inform us about its pathological status.
Stimulation Mechanism of SDS Nanoemulsion in Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Luo Ming Liang , Liu Jia Lin , Liao Le Jun , Jia Zi Long , Sun Hou Tai
Published: December 2011

The stimulation mechanisms of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) nanoemulsion in tight gas reservoir were analyzed by capillary force, core spontaneous imbibitions, cleanup effect and core flow experiments. The results show that SDS nanoemulsion could hold back capillarity effectively, reduce the water absorption and reduce water block damage. The initial water saturation of core decreases by 85.12% and the gas effective permeability regains by 42.03%, which improves the stimulation effect in tight gas reservoir substantially