bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxaluria in inflammatory bowel diseases (review)
Authors: Simanov R. N. , Barysheva O. Y.
Published: August 2024

AIM: to analyse and synthesize Russian and foreign literature, to get acquainted with the concept of oxaluria, its types, transport mechanisms of oxalate transport in the intestine and the relationship between hyperoxaluria and inflammatory bowel diseases in order to identify possible options for therapeutic action on the mechanisms of development of these pathologies.

   MATERIALS AND METHODS: the literature review was based on the Internet data, including bibliographic directories, books, journals, and original articles. The literature sources used for the article reflect the essence of the described problem to the fullest extent possible and can be useful for both practicing physicians and students of medical universities.

   RESULTS: the gastrointestinal tract through epithelial transport of oxalate plays an exclusive role in oxalate homeostasis and hyperoxaluria. Metabolism of dietary oxalate and the formation of endogenous oxalate, its secretion, absorption, transport and biodegradation by intestinal microflora may influence the excretion of this compound by the kidneys. Knowledge of the interrelated relationships of the gut-kidney axis, mechanisms of transport, transport and biodegradation of oxalate, especially in inflammatory bowel disease, is of great importance for understanding the pathophysiology of hyperoxaluria as a risk factor for urinary stone formation with a point of pharmacological action in the gut. This literature review introduces the concept and forms of oxaluria, shows the classification of oxaluria, describes each form, and broadly explains the metabolism and mechanisms of oxalate transport in the human body. Special attention is given to intestinal hyperoxaluria and anion exchangers belonging to the large multifunctional SLC26 gene family, most of which are expressed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. The authors emphasise their current role in intestinal oxalate transport, as well as methods of possible drug action on the mechanisms of hyperoxaluria.

   CONCLUSION: a multidisciplinary approach is needed to address the problems of intestinal hyperoxaluria and, consequently, the treatment of urolithiasis. The role of newly identified intestinal and renal anion exchangers is not fully understood, hence the targets and mechanisms of action on these types of exchangers with the possibility of preventing the development of urolithiasis are not fully understood. Further randomised studies on the problem under investigation are needed.
Clinical manifestations and quality of life in patients with different types of idiopathic megabowel
Authors: Aleshin D. V. , Achkasov S. I. , Shakhmatov D. G. , Surovegin E. S. , Fomenko O. Yu. , Ignatenko M. A. , Sushkov O. I.
Published: August 2024

AIM: to compare the clinical and diagnostic features and quality of life in patients with different types of idiopathic megabowel.

   PATIENTS AND METHODS: 157 patients with idiopathic megacolon/megarectum, confirmed by barium enema, were divided on 3 groups: 1) distal idiopathic megabowel (megarectum ± distal third of sigmoid colon dilatation); 2) idiopathic megacolon (variable extent of colon dilatation with a normal size rectum); 3) idiopathic megabowel (megarectum ± variable extent of colon dilatation). Hirschsprung’s disease was excluded in all patients based on complex of clinical features, barium enema and anorectal manometry results and (if needed) rectal Swenson’s biopsy.

   RESULTS: the cohort included 70 (44.6 %) patients with distal idiopathic megabowel, 50 (31.8 %) patients with idiopathic megacolon and 37 (23.6 %) patients with idiopathic megabowel. Wexner constipation scale rate, rate of integral parameters “abdominal discomfort” and “defecation difficulties”, summary assessment of quality of life by IBSQOL questionnaire did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). At the same time patients with distal idiopathic megabowel were statistically significant younger (p < 0.01), had significant higher rate of faecal incontinence due to faecal impaction overflow (p < 0.01), had less often bowel movement. Also these patients had significant higher rate of distal contrast retention (p < 0.01) during gut transit test, but their colonic transit time was slight faster (p = 0.04).In multivariate analysis both megarectum (OR = 25.42; 95 % CI 5.01–128.92) and insufficiency of anal sphincter (OR = 4.71; 95 % CI 1.38–16.14) were independent predictors of faecal incontinence. The surgical treatment was performed most often in idiopathic megacolon group (p < 0.01), mainly due to colon volvulus. The most patients with distal idiopathic megabowel (97.1 %) were successfully maintained with a conservative treatment.

   CONCLUSION: there was not substantial difference in clinical features and quality of life in patients with different types of idiopathic megabowel, except of significant higher rate of faecal incontinence and less often bowel movement in distal idiopathic megabowel group. Faecal incontinence in these patients is linked disturbance rather intestinal, than anal component of continence. The necessity in surgical treatment was rising most often in cases of idiopathic megacolon. The conservative treatment was quite effective in most patients with distal idiopathic megabowel.
Evagination method for rectovaginal fistulas
Authors: Serebriy A. B. , Titov A. Yu. , Kostarev I. V. , Anosov I. S. , Kiselev D. O. , Ivanova A. S. , Ignatenko M. A. , Khryukin R. Yu. , Mudrov A. A.
Published: August 2024

AIM: to assess early and late results of the evagination method for the treatment of rectovaginal fistulas (RVF) in patients with anal incontinence due to muscle defect in the anterior semicircle.

   PATIENTS AND METHODS: the study included 45 patients. The prevailing etiology of RVF was delivery lesion in 19/45(42.2 %). The median follow-up was 6 (4; 8.5) months. On day 30 after surgery, the outcome was assessed clinically. Late outcomes were assessed in all patients 3–12 months including clinical control, transanal ultrasound and sphincterometry.

   RESULTS: recurrence occurred in 9/45 (20 %) patients. The significant improvement of continence was revealed: in mean pressure in rest (p = 0.004), in maximum contraction pressure (p < 0.0001), in Wexner incontinence score (p < 0.0001). With a fistula opening less than 16 mm, the recurrence risk increases (p = 0.0003).

   CONCLUSIONS: the evagination method is effective option in extent septal defects and correcting additional analsphincter insufficiency.
Genotype-phenotype correlation in children with adenomatous polyposis syndrome
Authors: Khabibullina L. R. , Shcherbakova O. V. , Shubin V. P. , Razumovsky A. Yu. , Tsukanov A. S.
Published: August 2024

AIM: to identify the genotype-phenotype correlation in children with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and to assess the risk of surgery.

   PATIENTS AND METODS: a retrospective study included children with FAP from January 2000 to December 2023. For analysis they were divided in two groups (“severe” and “non-severe” genotype) according to the results of the genetics.

   RESULTS: forty-two patients from 36 families with FAP were included in the study. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean age at the time of surgery was significantly different and was 13 ± 4 years in the “severe” genotype group vs. 16 ± 1 in the “non-severe” group (p = 0.04). The age of first colonoscopy (OR: 0.74, 95 % CI: 0.53–0.94, р = 0.03) and the carpeting of polyps (OR: 8.06, 95 % CI: 1.71–81.1, р = 0.04) were significantly associated with severe genotype.

   CONCLUSION: the “severe” genotype is characterized by earlier onset of the disease and age of colonoscopy, of polyps carpeting.
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Properties of SrFe12-2x(Cu0.5Co0.5Ti)xO19 Hexaferrite
Authors: Toan Huynh Ngoc , Xuan Chu Thi Anh , Tuan Nguyen Quy , Tran Ngo
Published: August 2024

Electromagnetic (EM) pollution has become one of the most severe forms of pollution for humans and electronic devices. In order to protect humans and electronic devices from electromagnetic interference (EMI), the material that could shield the EMI should be considered. Hexagonal ferrites are considered as promising candidates for EMI shielding materials. This work fabricated Cu, Co, and Ti co-doped SrFe12O19 (SrFe12–2x(Cu0.5Co0.5Ti)xO19) samples to investigate EMI shielding properties. Among the samples, the doped ones exhibited better EMI shielding performance than the undoped one, which could be judged through total shielding efficiency (SET). In addition, the samples exhibited the best shielding performance in the frequency range of 8–12 GHz (X-band), with the best value of SET = 4.20 dB for the x = 0.20 sample, which could block ~62% of the incident microwave. The x = 0.05 sample also exhibited similar values with SET = 4.17 dB. The enhancement of SET values for doped samples compared to the undoped one could be attributed to the increase in conductivity caused by doping. In addition, the enhancement of SET could also be attributed to the effects of the magnetic dipoles combined with the electric dipoles of ferrites.
Analysis of Regression and Correlation of Entropy Generation of Nanofluid in the MHD Peristaltic Flow
Authors: Abbas Munawwar Ali , Hussain Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

This study presents the mathematical model of entropy generation on MHD peristaltic wave of Nanofluid. The governing equations have been developed by the assumption of low Reynoldâ€™s number and long wavelength approximation. The analytical solution has been obtained with the help of perturbation method. The expression of temperature profile, pressure distribution and friction forces are presented graphically for some significant parameters. Further, the results of correlation and regression between the entropy generation and some other parameters have been plotted. It is very important to find the sensitivity of each parameter on entropy generation. Findings of regression analysis show that 81% of the variability of entropy generation for magnetic parameter, 99% of the variability of entropy generation for Brownian motion parameter, 40% of the variability of entropy generation for Thermophoresis parameter and 100% of the variability of entropy generation for Brinkmann is accounted for by the variable Iv. Similarly, a decrease of 2.562 in entropy generation for the various values of the independent variable Magnetic parameter, an increase of 2.029 in entropy generation for the values of Brownian motion, an increase of 6.307 in entropy generation for Thermophoresis and 68.492 in entropy generation scores for Brinkmann on every one-unit increase in Iv.
A scientific report on the flow of Maxwell fluid with heat transfer in vertical oscillating cylinder
Authors: Khan Nabeel , Ali Farhad , Khan Ilyas , Sheikh Nadeem Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The nonlinear nature of viscoelastic non-Newtonian fluids, introduce a unique challenge to physicists and mathematicians. By developing and utilizing viscoelastic models can play a special role in saving and treatments of every living species and to describe its particular characteristics. In the past three decades, viscoelastic fluid models are focused to improve its accuracy and reliability. Some rate type viscoelastic fluids include Maxwell fluid which effects in relaxation time. Such effect of relaxation time cannot be predicted by differential-type fluids. The polymers of low molecular weight are usefully described by Maxwell model. However, a keen interest of the researchers is seen in studying rate type fluids due to the fact that they incorporate both the elastic nature and memory behaviour together. In this article, viscoelastic Maxwell fluid is considered in cylindrical tube together with heat transfer due to convection caused by the buoyancy force. This problem is modelled using the classical approach and then solved for exact solution using joint the Laplace and Hankel transforms. Effects of pertinent parameters on Maxwell fluid velocity have been shown graphically. Behaviour of temperature is studied for various values of Prandtl number.
Approximation of First-order Volterra type and Second-Kind Volterra-Fredholm Linear Integro-Differential Equations Using Legendre Spectral Method
Authors: Khan Sami Ullah , Ali Ishtiaq
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to present the Legendre Spectral method for the approximate solution of First-order Volterra type and second-kind linear Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential equations. Furthermore, Gauss-Legendre points are used to collocate the approximate solution. Some numerical examples for both types are presented to show the accuracy of this method.
The dynamics of the Zika with optimal Control strategies
Authors: Khan Muhammad Altaf Altaf , Farhan Muhammad , Shah Syed Wasim
Published: August 2024

We proposed a mathematical model on Zika virus and presented its global dynamics with optimal control strategies. The basic model formulation and its mathematical results are presented. The proposed Zika model is locally asymptotically stable whenever the basic reproduction number ð“¡0<1 (disease free case) and ð“¡0>1 (endemic case). We show mathematical results for the global stability of the Zika model. The Zika model is globally asymptotically stable for the case of disease free when ð“¡0<1 and whenever ð“¡0>1, the model is globally asymptotically stable at the endemic state. We present an optimal control model for the dynamics of Zika virus with three controls, (the minimization of contacts among humans and mosquitoes by wearing long sleeve shirts, big trousers, stay in places with screen window to keep the mosquito outside, sleep under bed net),Â Â  (the contacts from mosquitoes to humans individuals by increasing the auto immunity), (increasing the death rate of mosquitos by using the insecticide spraying). The numerical simulation is performed for both the systems and the corresponding results are presented in graphical shape with different strategies. Finally, the brief conclusion is presented with source of references.
AR for All â€“ Is this Democratization of Spatial Design?
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ashraf
Published: August 2024

Augmented reality is hailed in published discourse for its potential to democratise spatial authorship. It offers the possibility for people to participate in spatial design activity without requiring any specialised skills. Everyone has ideas about the built environment, but conveying 3D information has conventionally relied either on scaled down models or 2D representations, in turn requiring extensive education and training to master. This convention has precluded anyone from participating in decision-making who did not have access to such skills. Augmented reality, or AR, offers communication of 3D ideas directly through 3D visualisations on handheld devices, thus re-kindling the dream of all citizens to have equal access to spatial decision-making. For this vision to turn into reality however, the technology will have to become more prolific than sketching. This paper seeks to encourage more and more people into playing with AR and identifying ways to ease the use of the technology. It aims to promote experimentation with AR by sharing a basic level protocol for setting up a customised operation, along with brief descriptions of two key caveats: accuracy and reliability. Overall it seems that AR is as yet predominantly geared towards gaming, and therefore requires some tweaking for use as a spatial design tool. Experimenting with it though has certainly become accessible for all.Â
A Fractional Model for Diffusion Equation Using Generalized Fick??™s Law: Exact Solution with Laplace Transform
Authors: Sheikh Nadeem Ahmad , Ching Dennis Ling Chuan , Khan Ilyas , Ahmad Afnan , Ammad Syed
Published: August 2024

Fractional calculus is the generalization of classical calculus. Many researchers have used different definitions in their studies. The most common definition is Caputo fractional derivatives operator. In this article the concentration equation is converted to fractional form using the generalized Fick??™s law. The fractional partial differential is then transformed with an appropriate transformation. The Laplace and Fourier sine transformations are jointly used to solve the equation. The impact of fractional parameter and Schmidt number is checked on the concentration profile and presented in graphs and tabular form. The results show that diffusion is decreasing with increasing values of Schmidt number.
Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Derivative Approach to Study the Flow of Jeffery fluid with Hybrid Nanoparticles
Authors: Sheikh Nadeem Ahmad , Ching Dennis Ling Chuan , Khan Ilyas , Jamil Muhammad
Published: August 2024

In this article, the flow of Jeffrey fluid is considered with hybrid nanoparticles. The flow is modeled in terms of fractional partial differential equations via Atangana-Baleanue fractional derivative approach and then solved for the exact solutions. Specifically, the applications are discussed in the field of concrete and cement industry. The variations in skin friction have been observed for different values of volume fractions of nanoparticles. The results show that by adding ? and nanoparticles the compressive strength of the cement concrete may be enhanced and improve the pore structure of concrete. Moreover, these nanoparticles may improve the quality of the structure of pores, it can improve the mechanical strength of the pores and consequently, will convert the distributed pores to less harmful pores. Applications of this work can be found in construction engineering and management such as buildings, roads, tunnels, bridges, airports, railroads, dams, etc. utilities and other projects.
Stokes Problems for Transient Flow of Brinkman Type Fluid between two Side Walls over an Infinite Plate
Authors: Khan Dolat , Murtaza Saqib , Ali Munsif
Published: August 2024

: The aim of this paper is to study the transient flow of Brinkman type fluid between two side walls and find out the solutions for Stokes problems by using finite and infinite Fourier sine transforms. Exact solutions have been established and these solutions are presented as a sum of transient and steady-state solutions for both Stokes first and second problems. The governing equation satisfy the appropriate boundary and initial conditions. The obtained results are reduced to those well-known solutions which are published in literature and corresponding for the flow over an infinite plate by making
Dynamics of Fractional Order SIR Model with a Case Study of COVID-19 in Turkey
Authors: Ahmad Zubair , Khan Naveed , Arif Muhammad , Murtaza Saqib , Khan Ilyas
Published: August 2024

The new coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) poses a major danger to civilization today. Despite its simplicity, the susceptible-infectedrecovered/removed (SIR) model and its variations are frequently used to predict the spread of COVID 19 across the world. However, using the SIR model to obtain exact solutions is difficult, especially in the early stages of a pandemic when data is few and sometimes noisy. The goal of this study is to describe COVID-19 dynamics in Turkey. The classical model is fractionalized via Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative. From the 30th of October to the 8th of November 2020, we examine the available infection cases and fit or estimate various parameters appropriately. The basic reproduction number has been obtained as 0 ??‚ ?‚»1.09457 . To analyse the model's dynamics and transmission, stability analysis is performed at disease free equilibrium DFE and endemic equilibrium EE. Finally, the numerical results of AB fractional model are obtained and the influence of different parameters like fractional parameter ??§ , contact rate ??­ , and recovery rate ??« on the model are shown by plotting graphs. We have forecasted the disease's spread for the next 800 days.
Study of Nonlinear Fractional Order Delay Problem Under Mittag-Leffler Power Law
Authors: Ali Gauhar , Ali Amjad , Khan Faiz Muhammad , Khan Zia Ullah
Published: August 2024

In the concerned article, the author's developed indispensable conditions for theresults of existence theory and Ulam type stability of the intended pantograph fractional differential equation. The desired results for existence of the solutions and stability analysis are investigated with a new class of fractional derivative introduced by Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo and so abbreviated as (ABC). The mentioned derivative contains Mittag-Leffler function as a nonsingular kernel instead of singular kernel. We use the tools of fixed point theory, i.e Banach's theorem and Krasnoselskii's type to develop the desired results. Furthermore, we investigate different types of stabilities results including generalized Ullam-Hyers and Rassias stabilities for the concerned problem. We also provide appropriate examples for illustrative purposes.
Dynamics and Transmission of COVID-19 Epidemic in Malaysia: Atangana-Baleanu Fractional Model
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Kumam Poom , Ahmad Zubair , Khan Amir
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this artical is to specify the passage and mathematical model of COVID-19. This infectious disease COVID-19 originated in China and has affected the whole world. In the present study, we have considered, SEIR model to evaluate the spread of COVID-19 in Malaysia. In this article, we have explored the gesture of COVID-19 accurately by applying the newly advanced fractional operator of Atangana-Baleanu on the classical SEIR model. Based on (WHO) reported data in this study, we discussed the corona virus's behavior in Malaysia. We have taken the available infection cases from 1st May 2020 to 14th May 2020. We have matched our problem to Malaysia's actual data, which shows a firm agreement with the actual data. From the information collected from WHO, we have found the basic reproduction number . Moreover, stability analysis at DFE (Disease Free Equilibrium) and EE (Endemic Equilibrium) is accomplished for the given model to detect the model's gesture and transportation. The given fractional model has been solved numerically using MATLAB software. The influence of many parameters specifically has been shown graphically and discussed in detail. It is to be noted that in the present study, we have approximated the escalation of disease for the up-coming 300 days.
A Time- Fractional Model for Brinkman-Type Nanofluid with Variable Heat and Mass Transfer
Authors: Ullah Atta , Ahmad Afnan , Khan Umair , Abdussamad Abdussamad
Published: August 2024

Nanofluids are used in a variety of thermal applications, including heat exchangers, automobiles and solar power generation among others. Nanofluids are the next generation of fluids, with thermal properties that exceed traditional fluids. In order to inticipate the heat transport characteristics of an inclined solar collector using nanofluids under the influence of a transverse magnetic field, a generalised Brinkman-type fluid model was developed. The effects of thermal radiation and concentration are also addressed. Moreover, in this article we apply the idea of Caputo time fractional derivative by using the generalized Fick's and Fourier's Law??™s to convert classical governing equations to fractional PDEs. The equations of energy and concentration are transformed with the help of new productive transform initial and boundary conditions. The Laplace and Fourier sine transforms are applied together and solve the transformed equations. The current study used a variety of nano-sized solid particles, including SWCNTs, MWCNTs, ? and , and found that adding of MWCNTs to the water (working fluid) can increase the rate of heat transfer up to 34.84 percent, improving the working ability of inclined solar collectors by increasing their solar radiation absorbtion power.
Analyzing Sentiments using Optimized Novel Ensemble Fuzzy and DL based Approach with Efficient Feature Selection and Extraction Models
Authors: Bharath Potu , Venkatalakshmi Dasari
Published: August 2024

The most popular and active area of data mining study is sentiment analysis. Twitter is a crucial platform for collecting and distributing people’s thoughts, feelings, views, and attitudes regarding specific entities. There are several social media networks available today. In light of this, sentiment analysis in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field became fascinating. Various methods for analyzing sentiment have been explored. However, improvements are still required regarding reliability and system efficacy. Additionally, user emotional expressions typically take the form of naturally occurring human-written textual data with numerous noises and ambiguities. The intricate contextual significance of sentiment expressions is difficult for present studies on sentiment analysis to precisely capture and interpret, particularly in linguistics with complex frameworks. To address these issues, we presented a new integrated fuzzy neural network. The proposed framework is developed for effective and efficient feature selection and hybrid approach based sentiment analysis. Ensemble of novel Deep Convolutional Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (DCNFIS) and Deep Learning-based (DL) Long short-term memory neural network multilayer stacked bidirectional LSTM neural network analyzes the sentiments. The provided dataset is initially cleaned up and filtered out as part of preprocessing. Utilizing the preprocessed data, sentiment-based features are extracted using the inception-ResNet-V2 model. Then, the relevant features are selected by employing the Enhanced Reptile Search Algorithm (ERSA). The Al-Biruni Earth Radius (BER) optimization algorithm is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the ensemble approach, which analyzes the sentiment categories such as positive, negative, very positive, very negative, and neutral. Finally, an effectiveness assessment of the suggested and present classifiers is presented. Using three distinct research datasets, we conducted an experimental evaluation of the suggested model. While differentiating from the proposed approach, the proposed approach yields a greater performance of 98.97% recall, 99.06% precision, 99.13% accuracy and 99.01% F1-score. The experimental investigation analyzes that the proposed approach gains superior performance over existing approaches
Gesture Recognition Technology of VR Piano Playing Teaching Game based on Hidden Markov Model
Authors: Zeng Min
Published: August 2024

Virtual Reality (VR) is a kind of simulation environment generated by computer simulation. It is a kind of isolation of users from the physical environment, and users are fully engaged in the simulation environment. In music teaching, especially in the learning of piano performance, VR technology can simulate the real playing experience without physical piano, so that learners can learn and practice piano anywhere. At present, the traditional way of learning piano often needs the guidance of professional piano teachers, and learners must study and practice beside the piano, which undoubtedly brings limitations to the time and space of learners. VR technology provides a more convenient way for learners to learn and practice without a physical piano, making learning more flexible and free. Firstly, a piano playing teaching game platform based on VR technology is constructed to provide a virtual piano playing scene. Then, by collecting a large number of piano players' gesture data, they are accurately marked. Finally, the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is used to train and model the gesture data, and the key features of the gesture sequence are extracted to realize the recognition and real-time feedback of the piano player's gesture. According to the findings, the recognition accuracy of the Principal Component Analysis-HMM (PCA-HMM) without playing correction is very low after playing correction. Compared to the logarithmic likelihood ratio test, the recognition rate of the quadratic statistical model is only 15%. The results show that this method has good iterative convergence and convergence performance, which can effectively avoid falling into local optima. Compared with the traditional hidden Markov algorithm, it reduces 96.05% and 89.48% respectively. Compared with the fuzzy hidden Markov algorithm, it reduces 90.20% and 73.35% respectively. The average time and standard deviation for real-time positioning and map construction are 0.251s and 0.152s, respectively. The fitness of HMM based on fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is 6.8% and 2.6% higher than that of the hidden Markov algorithm and the fuzzy hidden Markov algorithm, respectively. At the same time, in the comparison between the research model and other algorithm models, the accuracy and other parameter performance of the research model are better, with the highest error value of only 3.5, which is 5.9 lower than the lowest Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm model. It can be seen that the error value of the model used in the study is lower and the performance is better. Learners can receive real-time guidance and a more immersive playing experience through this technology. This provides useful reference for further exploring the combination of music teaching and VR technology
In Situ Thermoelectric Property Characterization of Microscale Single Thermoelectric Fiber Based on Harmonic Detection
Authors: Shen Yanan , Yang Xiao , Zhao Haibo , Wang Chunyang , Zhang Pengyu , Chen Haisheng , Zheng Xinghua , Zhang Ting
Published: August 2024

Exploring advanced thermoelectric materials, especially flexible thermoelectric fibers, is promising for wearable devices. The thermoelectric properties of these fibers are evaluated using the figure of merit ZT value. However, there is a lack of empirical research on the properties of microscale thermoelectric fibers, necessitating the development of precise measurement methods. In addition, since the properties of micro- and nanofiber materials can be affected by the microstructure, separate measurements of electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity before calculating the ZT values can lead to large errors in the final calculations. In this study, Bi
2
Te
2.7
Se
0.3
thermoelectric fibers are prepared and measured by using a thermally drawn method and an in situ method, respectively. The in situ measurements are carried out using a self-developed instrument capable of measuring temperatures from room temperature up to 1,200 K, suitable for sample sizes ranging from micro- to nanoscale. The uncertainty of the measurement exhibits less than 6.36%. The results indicate that the thermal drawing process influences crystal growth, enhancing the Seebeck coefficient and reducing electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. Moreover, the accuracy of the measurement method is verified by pure Pt wire. The integrated in situ measurement effectively reduces experimental errors due to sample differences when calculating parameters for multiple samples measured individually, and the maximum error that can be reduced is 19.5%. This research contributes a practical measurement method of thermoelectric fibers and advances the development of wearable thermoelectric devices.
The sensitivity of agricultural biogas plants to changes in energy prices in Poland
Authors: Bednarek Anita , Klepacka Anna
Published: August 2024

In Poland, despite ambitious plans from 15 years ago, when it was assumed that by 2020, an agricultural biogas plant would be standard in every commune, the potential of agricultural biogas has not been used due to the lack of stable legal regulations and financing programmes for the construction of the plants. The situation has now changed due to new forms of support systems, which motivated the authors to compare two agricultural biogas plants operating in the certificate system and the support system in the form of feed-in premiums. Moreover, the authors pointed to differences in the number of agricultural biogas plants and their capacity by voivodeship due to changes in legal conditions in force in two periods: from 1 January  2011, to 30 June 2016, and from 1 July 2016, to 19 January 2024. Based on the research methods used ‒ including Earnings Before Interest, Taxes Depreciation and Amortisation, the Internal Rate of Return, risk matrix and data analysis in spatial terms ‒ it was indicated that: 1. agricultural biogas plants are characterised by very high sensitivity related to the probability of risk in the case of investment costs, substrate prices and changes in energy prices; 2. financial support is important at the stage of construction of a biogas plant, which largely makes it possible to shorten the payback period and thus increase the willingness of future investors to invest in biogas plants and 3. in the periods analysed, significant differences were noted in the spatial location of biogas plants due to trends towards lower-power biogas plants, which is probably dictated by the constant and predictable premium system in the new support system.
Exploring Sustainable Strategies for Oceanic Development: A Blue Growth Perspective
Authors: Başhan Veysi , Çetinkaya Afşin
Published: August 2024

The European Union is leading the Blue Growth initiative as a strategic approach to increasing economic prosperity in Europe's seas despite today's challenges. Drawing on the EU's Green Growth initiative, Blue Growth extends sustainability principles to marine areas, solidifying commitments to the sustainable management of marine ecosystems and the promotion of technological innovations. This initiative focuses on sectors such as energy, aquaculture, tourism and biotechnology in coastal and offshore environments. Blue Growth has increased in importance following major events such as Rio+20 and has had a significant impact on ocean and marine resource management practices. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to trace the trajectory of global research on blue growth across science, policy, and the blue economy over the 17-year period since the term's inception in 2007. We analyze blue growth using bibliometric techniques. Examining the blue growth literature, identifying key contributors, collaborations, research trends and gaps. Our analysis covers publication outputs, institutional affiliations, author collaborations, research themes, and alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Our findings reveal a significant increase in blue growth publications, especially after 2013, highlighting its increasing importance. Environmental Science and Ecology are emerging as primary research areas reflecting a focus on sustainability. We observe intense collaborations between countries and institutions, with significant contributions from the UK, USA, Germany, Italy and Spain. Blue growth research is aligned with several Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 14 (Life Below Water) and SDG 15 (Life on Land), highlighting marine conservation and land-sea ecosystem connectivity. Keyword analysis underlines the interdisciplinary nature of blue growth research, highlighting key themes such as the blue economy, aquaculture and sustainable development. Institutional analysis identifies the University of Exeter and CNR as key contributors, while country-level analysis highlights global collaboration networks. Citation analysis reveals the intellectual structure of blue growth research, with marine biology, oceanography, sustainability science, and climate change among the prominent themes.
ASSESSING the POTENTIAL of RAINWATER HARVESTING and REUSE for SUSTAINABLE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS
Authors: Mısırlı Nilay , Şişman Elif Ebru
Published: August 2024

Water resource management, one of the paradigms for creating sustainable universities, ensures that universities both manage the quantity of water used and maintain the quality of water. Water resource management models that begin with campus priority create input for cities at a higher scale. Water resource management encompasses a variety of sustainable practices. One of the most applicable is the reuse of rainwater. Based on these findings, the main objective of the study is to re-evaluate the rainwater harvested with proposed solutions on site and contribute to nature and the water cycle.
In the study, the “Rational Method” was used as the method for calculating the amount of rainwater. Hardscape (roads, parking lots), landscaped areas (landscaped and wooded areas) and roofing materials within the campus were determined. The efficiency coefficients of the materials were determined. The area occupied by each material was calculated. The total amount of rainwater was calculated by multiplying by the rainfall data. Studies on rainwater harvesting usually only calculate the amount harvested from roof surfaces. This study calculated the amount of rainwater harvested from hardscape, landscape and rooftop areas.
In one year, an average of 243,000 liters of water is needed to use the reservoir and 54,530,000 liters of water for plant irrigation. The total water consumption was calculated at 54,773,000 liters. The annual rainwater volume is 494,000,000 liters and the useful volume is 296,400,000 liters. It can be seen that a volume is achieved that is approximately 5 times the amount of water required.
Rancangan Tap-Changer Elektronik Pada Transformator Generator Kapasitas 66 MVA, 13,8 kV/150 kV
Authors: Jihan Kanitha  , I Made Wiwit Kastawan  , Ali Mashar
Published: August 2024

Tap-changer merupakan alat bantu pada transformator daya yang berfungsi untuk mengubah perbandingan/rasio transformasi guna mendapatkan tegangan operasi sekunder yang sesuai dengan tegangan pelayanan. Seiring kemajuan teknologi, transformator pada saat ini telah menggunakan peralatan on-load tap-changer (OLTC) elektronik yang sepenuhnya tidak menggunakan kontak bergerak (moving contact) yang umum digunakan pada teknologi tap-changer mekanikal sebelumnya. Penggunaan OLTC elektronik dapat menghindari masalah busur api (arc) berlebihan yang muncul pada kontak diverter saat proses perubahan tap berlangsung. Kelebihan OLTC elektronik lainnya meliputi biaya pemeliharaan yang lebih rendah, kecepatan perubahan tap yang lebih tinggi, dapat melakukan tap jumping serta tidak adanya batasan dalam mengganti tap. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas perancangan OLTC elektronik untuk transformator berkapasitas 66 MVA yang digunakan untuk menaikkan level tegangan keluaran pembangkit sebesar 13,8 kV menjadi 150 kV. Rancangan OLTC elektronik ini dimaksudkan sebagai upaya untuk OLTC mekanikal yang saat ini digunakan, mempertimbangkan berbagai kelebihan yang dimiliki oleh OLTC elektronik. Secara umum, perancangan ini akan meliputi beberapa tahapan yaitu pengumpulan data OLTC mekanikal eksisting untuk mengetahui mekanisme kerjanya, menentukan spesifikasi saklar statis triac atau dua buah thyristor anti-paralel sebagai komponen utama OLTC elektronik, mensimulasikan rancangan OLTC elektronik serta menganalisis kinerja rancangan OLTC elektronik ditinjau dari aspek tegangan, arus, daya serta kecepatannya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan level tegangan rancangan OLTC elektronik berkisar 1,22%-2,26%, yang dapat dikatakan sesuai dengan manualbook transformator yaitu sebesar 1,25%. Nilai arus dan tegangan rancangan OLTC elektronik juga telah sesuai dengan daya keluaran pembangkit. Rancangan OLTC elektronik juga terbukti mampu melakukan operasi tap-jumping dan memiliki waktu perubahan tap yang cepat yaitu rata-rata selama 1,109 detik untuk kenaikan tap yang berurutan serta 0,975 detik untuk tap-jumping.
Pengaruh Deposisi dan Erosi Pada Sudu-Sudu Terhadap Kinerja Turbin PLT Panas Bumi Patuha
Authors: Ika Yuliyani  , Septia Firyal Salsabila  , Maridjo
Published: August 2024

Turbin uap seringkali mengalami masalah deposisi dan erosi pada bagian sudu yang dapat menurunkan kinerja turbin uap. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan analisis deposisi dan erosi pada sudu turbin uap, menentukan pengaruh deposisi dan erosi pada sudu turbin uap terhadap kinerja turbin uap, serta metode maintenance untuk mengatasi deposisi dan erosi pada sudu turbin uap. Penelitian dilakukan dengan data inspeksi dan operasi turbin uap tahun 2017, 2019, dan 2021. Melalui penelitian tersebut diketahui bahwa deposisi dan erosi terjadi pada sudu turbin uap tahun 2017, 2019, dan 2021. Deposisi diakibatkan oleh impurities uap berupa Cl, B, SiO2, Fe, Ca, Mg, SO4, dan TDS serta erosi diakibatkan partikel padat yang terbawa uap dan menumbuk sudu turbin. Deposisi dan erosi menyebabkan penurunan efisiensi isentropik sebesar 0,0133%, meningkatkan steam rate turbine 0,172 kg/kWh meningkatkan heat rate turbine 125,585 kJ/kWh, dan menurunkan efisiensi sistem turbin-generator 2,3298%. Deposisi dan erosi karena dapat menurunkan kinerja turbin uap maka perlu adanya maintenance yang dilakukan yaitu dengan sandblasting untuk memberikan deposisi dan memasang stellite pada permukaan sudu turbin uap yang mengalami erosi.
UJI KANDUNGAN BERAS ADAN UNTUK MELIHAT POTENSINYA SEBAGAI PENGGANTI KARBOHIDRAT PADA PENDERITA DIBETES MELITUS
Authors: Nirmala Adelya Setia , Amelia Fitria Rizki , Rahmat Muhammad , Nugroho Bimo Aji
Published: August 2024

Diabetes Melitus menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan dunia yang menempati peringkat ke-9 sebagai penyebab kematian utama di dunia, termasuk negara Indonesia. Sebanyak 19,47 juta masyarakat Indonesia mengidap Diabetes Melitus dan memprediksi bahwa di tahun 2045 angka penderita Diabetes meningkat hingga 28,6 juta. Hal ini dipicu oleh berat badan dan gaya hidup tidak sehat. Diabetes dapat dicegah dengan menghindari makanan dan minuman manis, serta mengkonsumsi roti putih atau mengganti nasi dengan jenis beras rendah gula. Terdapat beberapa jenis beras Adan diantaranya beras Adan putih dan beras Adan merah yang berbeda kandungan karbohidratnya dengan beras yang kita konsumsi sehari-hari serta beras merah yang biasa dikosumsi oleh para penderita Diabetes Melitus. Kandungan karbohidrat pada beras tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap sumber energi utama pada manusia dan pengontrol kenaikan indeks glikemik (IG). Maka perlu diketahui kadar kandungan karbohidrat dan analisis perbandingan pada beras Adan putih, beras Adan merah, beras putih biasa, dan beras merah biasa dengan menggunakan metode Antrone sulfat. Dimana, metode ini yang paling umum digunakan dalam analisis karbohidrat dengan menggunakan instrument spektofotometer UV-Visible. Hasil dari hasil pengujian kadar karbohidrat dari 4 jenis beras yang berbeda, didapatkan kadar karbohidrat pada beras Adan putih sebanyak 76,32% , kadar karbohidrat beras Adan merah sebanyak 77,89% , kadar karbohidrat beras putih biasa 78,16% , dan kadar karbohidrat beras merah biasa sebanyak 74,58%. Yang menjadikan beras Adan putih dan beras Adan merah kurang efektif sebagai pengganti karbohidrat bagi penderita Diabetes Melitus.
ANALISIS VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS ANGKET SIKAP MATEMATIS BIOLOGIS SISWA SMA PADA MATERI HEREDITAS MANUSIA
Authors: Azzahra Waliyyatu , Diana Sariwulan , Nuraeni Eni
Published: August 2024

Pembelajaran biologi yang diintegrasikan dengan matematika terkadang menyebabkan kesulitan bagi siswa dalam memahaminya. Memahami sikap matematis biologis siswa perlu dipelajari oleh guru untuk membantu mereka mempersiapkan diri menghadapi tantangan dalam ilmu pengetahuan dan karier di abad ke-21 yang semakin terintegrasi dan kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas instrumen angket sikap matematis biologis SMA pada materi hereditas pada manusia untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitasnya agar layak digunakan dalam penelitian yang lebih luas. Analisis dilakukan terhadap tiga indikator sikap matematis biologis, yaitu interest, utility value, dan perceived cost. Analisis menggunakan program SPSS dengan jumlah pernyataan angket sebanyak 15 butir dalam bentuk skala Likert. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa semua butir pernyataan dinyatakan valid dibuktikan dengan nilai rhitung rtabel. (0,463). Nilai rhitung terbesar yaitu 0.922 dengan kategori validitas sangat tinggi dan terkecil sebesar 0.668 dengan validitas tinggi, Sementara itu, reliabilitas angket ditunjukkan oleh nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,923 dengan kategori sangat tinggi. Hasil pengembangan dan analisis instrumen angket ini memberikan keyakinan kepada peneliti bahwa data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen tersebut dapat diandalkan untuk mengetahui sikap matematis biologis siswa dan diharapkan dapat digunakan dalam penelitian lebih lanjut.
EKOENZIM SEBAGAI PUPUK CAIR ORGANIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Saputri Dwijowati Asih , Anisya Shinta
Published: August 2024

Ekoenzim adalah konsentrat, cairan kompleks yang merupakan produk fermentasi  selama 3 bulan  limbah buah, sayuran dan gula merah atau molase dalam air. Ekoenzim merupakan  larutan multiguna untuk keperluan rumah tangga dan pertanian dan dilaporkan bertindak sebagai pembersih rumah tangga, pembasmi serangga  pengusir serangga, pembersih udara, kondisioner tanah, pestisida, dan pupuk organic cair (POC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mnengetahui kandungan unsur hara NPK ekoenzim dari kulit pisang, kulit papaya dan kulit nanas dan potensinya untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi sawi hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekoenzim kulit pisang, papaya dan nanas mengandung N,P K dalam jumlah yang memenuhi standar pupuk organik cair dan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi sawi hijau pada semua parameter yang diukur. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ekoenzim dari kulit pisang, papaya dan nanas dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organic untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produktifitas  sawi hijau (Brassica juncea L.)
IN SILICO STUDY OF ESTRAGOLE, APIOLE AND MYRISTICIN FROM Nigella sativa L. AS ANTIFUNGAL
Authors: Nurman Nurman , Amrullah Syarif Hidayat , Dirhamzah Dirhamzah
Published: August 2024

Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a plant that is widely used in world medicine. This is due to the large amount of chemical compounds that can have a positive effect on the body. Therefore, this study wants to see the potential use of chemical compounds from black cumin from the phenyl propanoid compounds, namely estragole, apiole and myristicin. Reverse docking study was perfomed using PyMOL Software v1.7.4.5 (Schrodinger), PyRx 0,8 software, SwissAdme Prediction and Discovery study 2019 client. The results of this study indicate that Myristicin can be a new drug candidate for anti-fungal based on the binding affinity value, namely -8.7 and close to the binding affinity value of e (a compound that is widely used as an anti-fungal).
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN OBAT DI PASAR DAYAK KALIMANTAN UTARA
Authors: Suciyati Alfi , Retnaningati Dewi
Published: August 2024

Kalimantan Utara memiliki keunikan jenis tanaman obat terutama yang banyak digunakan oleh Suku Dayak. Salah satu lokasi di mana masyarakat banyak membeli bahan pengobatan herbal adalah di Pasar Dayak, Kota Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menginventarisir jenis-jenis tanaman obat yang dijual oleh para pedagang di Pasar Dayak Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan melaporkan bagaimana pengunaan masing-masing tanaman sesuai kebiasaan yang dilakukan oleh Suku Dayak maupun oleh suku-suku lain yang memanfaatkan berbagai tanaman obat dari Pasar Dayak.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Deskriptif dengan Pendekatan Kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi literatur. Dari hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat 25 spesies tanaman obat di Pasar Dayak, dan dapat dikelompokkan dalam 11 famili. Jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati meliputi kanker, tumor, benjolan, kista, diabetes, hipertensi, demam, sakit perut, dan lainnya. Bagian tanaman yang digunakan meliputi rimpang, batang, daun, buah, biji, umbi, kulit kayu, dan bunga.