bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Concept of Natural Science Education with Inclusion of Fundamentals of Nanotechnology in High-Tech Region
Authors: Semakina N V
Published: February 2019

Представлена концепция естественно-научного образования с включением основ нанотехнологий в высокотехнологичном регионе. Приведен анализ современного состояния школьного нанообразования за рубежом и в России, в том числе в Удмуртской Республике. Концепция дает представление о том, как в региональной системе образования организовать целенаправленную работу по преподаванию основ нанотехнологий на школьном уровне. Сформулированы цель, задачи концепции, ее основные принципы, с учетом которых, по мнению автора, должно осуществляться школьное нанообразование в высокотехнологичном регионе. Предложен комплекс организационных, учебно-методических и технологических мероприятий, направленных на формирование единого образовательного пространства в области естествознания и нанотехнологий для обеспечения региона высококвалифицированными кадрами. Описан опыт реализации концепции в Удмуртской Республике. Оценка результатов реализации разработанной концепции позволяет сделать вывод, что формирование школьного нанообразования как подсистемы регионального непрерывного образования в области нанотехнологий возможно только в едином организационном цикле, который обеспечивается в рамках консорциума, включающего общеобразовательные учреждения, высшие учебные заведения, академические институты РАН, высокотехнологичные предприятия и общественные организации региона.
Analysis of the Psychological State of Hearing-Impaired Students (Based on the Luscher Color Test and the Dembo-Rubinstein Technique)
Authors: Vavilkina N G , Shishkina A A
Published: February 2019

Рассматривается актуальная для всего отечественного образования проблема инклюзивного обучения. Обучение студентов с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ) в высших учебных заведениях нашей страны становится нормой. Этот процесс требует значительных усилий от самих студентов, их родителей и преподавателей, ставит множество вопросов по организации контактных занятий и самостоятельной работы. Проблема освещается в ракурсе изучения психологического состояния слабослышащих и глухих студентов на первом курсе технического вуза. Психологический комфорт обучающихся и обучающих является одним из важнейших условий положительного результата в адаптации студентов к учебному процессу и усвоению учебного материала. Приводятся специфические черты обучения студентов с ОВЗ по слуху. Анализируются данные цветового теста М. Люшера и методики Т. Дембо-Рубинштейн «Диагностика уровня самооценки» в модификации А. М. Прихожан, полученные в течение первого года обучения в техническом вузе. Авторы приходят к выводу о наличии у большей части студентов учебной группы внутриличностных конфликтов, отмечают завышенный уровень притязаний. В целом психологическое состояние студентов с ОВЗ по слуху характеризуется как умеренный стресс, преодоление которого видится в развитии черт характера, выявленных в тестах.
Methods and Devices of Control of Phase Composition, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Chromium-Nickel Steels
Authors: Korkh M K , Rigmant M B , Korkh Yu V , Nichipuruk A P
Published: February 2019

Данная работа посвящена вопросам фазового анализа и контроля содержания фазовых составляющих в коррозионно-стойких хромоникелевых сталях аустенитного и аустенитно-ферритного классов, широко используемых в различных отраслях современной промышленности и машиностроения. В первой части работы приведены результаты исследований связи между электрическими свойствами и фазовым составом образцов исследуемых сталей в исходном состоянии и после их пластической деформации. С помощью сканирующего зондового микроскопа методами атомно-силовой и электросиловой (метод зонда Кельвина) микроскопии получены изображения поверхности исследуемых образцов. Анализ данных изображений позволяет определить изменения фазового состава аустенитных и аустенитно-ферритных сталей после пластической деформации. Также установлено, что распад фазы аустенита вследствие деформационных воздействий и последующее образование фазы мартенсита деформации приводит к изменению удельного электрического сопротивления образцов, по величине которого можно судить о количестве образующегося мартенсита деформации. Во второй части статьи представлены новые приборные разработки, предназначенные для экспрессного (в том числе неразрушающего) контроля электрических и магнитных свойств сталей на основе аустенита. Своевременный и достоверный контроль этих свойств необходим для проведения качественной и количественной оценки фазового состава изделий как после их изготовления, так и во время эксплуатации.
Development of the HMI Interface Based on the Workplace of the Operator of the Robotic Complex
Authors: Turygin Yu V , Nistyuk A I , Platov S A
Published: February 2019

Важным требованием для качественного управления технологическим оборудованием является обеспечение информационного обмена данными между системой «человек-оператор - автоматизированная система управления оборудованием» посредством человеко-машинного интерфейса (HMI). Существует множество рекомендаций по проектированию HMI, которые имеют некоторые общие принципы построения, но также следует учитывать индивидуальные особенности оборудования и условия применения, для которого производиться проектирование, при этом необходимо строго придерживаться стандартов именно при разработке дизайна визуализации HMI. Представлена классификация основных принципов разработки человеко-машинного интерфейса: структурный принцип, принцип простоты, определенности, видимости, обратной связи, повторного использования. На основе данных принципов создан и представлен проект человеко-машинного интерфейса роботизированного комплекса, приведена блок-схема работы и его практическая реализация, выполненная на базе панели оператора для промышленного использования. Данный человеко-машинный интерфейс входит в состав рабочего места оператора роботизированного комплекса, обеспечивающего технологическую операцию обработки торцов пружин методом плазменной резки. Также представлен его состав и функциональное описание элементов. Проведен сравнительный анализ HMI существующего роботизированного комплекса и предложенного, по результатам которого представлены положительные выводы.
Optomechanical state reconstruction and nonclassicality verification beyond the resolved-sideband regime
Authors: Shahandeh Farid , Ringbauer Martin
Published: February 2019

Quantum optomechanics uses optical means to generate and manipulate quantum states of motion of mechanical resonators. This provides an intriguing platform for the study of fundamental physics and the development of novel quantum devices. Yet, the challenge of reconstructing and verifying the quantum state of mechanical systems has remained a major roadblock in the field. Here, we present a novel approach that allows for tomographic reconstruction of the quantum state of a mechanical system without the need for extremely high quality optical cavities. We show that, without relying on the usual state transfer presumption between light an mechanics, the full optomechanical Hamiltonian can be exploited to imprint mechanical tomograms on a strong optical coherent pulse, which can then be read out using well-established techniques. Furthermore, with only a small number of measurements, our method can be used to witness nonclassical features of mechanical systems without requiring full tomography. By relaxing the experimental requirements, our technique thus opens a feasible route towards verifying the quantum state of mechanical resonators and their nonclassical behaviour in a wide range of optomechanical systems.
Editorial note
Authors: Kostyuk Alexander
Published: February 2019

The recent issue of the journal Corporate Ownership and Control is devoted to the issues of board diversity, board size and performance, gender diversity, corporate social responsibility, mergers and acquisitions, firm profitability, earnings management, ownership structure, executive compensation, audit quality, accounting conservatism, business and financial risk, etc.
A mathematical function for describing the dependence of the mass attenuation coefficient versus energy for composite materials in an energy range of 100 keV to 2 MeV
Authors: Anh Nguyen , Nhat Lam , Ngan Ho , Tam Hoang
Published: February 2019

This work proposes a mathematical function for describing the dependence of mass attenuation coefficients vs. energy for composite materials in the range of 100 keV to 2 MeV. The obtained results show that the proposed function is capable of accurately describing the data with a coefficient of determination of approximately 1 for all investigated materials. Using the proposed mathematical function, the mass attenuation coefficients were interpolated and compared with the results from the Monte Carlo simulation. The results show good agreement when the simulated to interpolated mass attenuation coefficient ratios are in the range from 0.95 to 1.05. Moreover, the values of interpolated mass attenuation coefficients have also been compared with the experimental data in the previous works which indicates that most of these ratios range from 0.9 to 1.1.

 This article has been corrected. Link to the correction 10.2298/NTRP1902209E
Event Impact Assessment
Authors: Getz Donald
Published: February 2019

Impact assessment can be highly technical and complex, requiring a broad knowledge base and diverse skills, but like evaluation, it is a process fraught with philosophical, technical and political perils. Why is it done, by whom, and how, must be carefully planned. Impacts cannot always be ’proven’, so the nature of evidence becomes critical. Accordingly, a strong theoretical base is needed by all IA practitioners.

Whilst economic impacts have received a great deal of attention, with sufficient material available to guide all applications, for social, cultural and environmental IA the theory and practice has lagged. In the context of Triple Bottom Line, social responsibility and sustainability approaches most of the available literature is on normative goals (such as going green, meeting sustainability standards), the nature of positive and negative impacts (a descriptive approach or based on public input), or theory about how impacts occur; very little theory development or praxis has been directed at impact assessment for these applied fields.
Theory
Authors: Getz Donald
Published: February 2019

Outcomes theory incorporates a systems approach to planning, and builds evaluation and impact assessment into the management process. It corresponds with the approach taken in the companion book Event Evaluation and particularly with the Event Compass as a comprehensive approach to planning and evaluation. To put it into IA practice, a logic model or theory of change model is required.
The nature of evidence is then considered. It is of critical importance when it comes to measurement and the use of indicators, as the question of “what constitutes acceptable evidence?” will frequently arise in the undertaking and interpretation of impact assessments.
The forces-pressures-state-impacts-response model (FPSIR) is then presented. It provides a cyclical framework in which specific types of impact can be addressed by examining general forces and more specific trends that lead to pressures on the environment, economy or society. Specific impacts can then be viewed within a context that examines causes, followed by consideration of how people and systems respond to impacts.
The chapter ends with another planning model, Limits of Acceptable Change, which introduces several interrelated concepts that impact assessors need to be familiar with: capacity; tipping points; cumulative impacts; risk and uncertainty; precautionary principle.
Why planning models? Evaluation and impact assessment are seldom if ever conducted without reference to plans, strategies or policies. The results have to be used in practice, plus some contribution to theory is always possible. When goals are specified and indicators determined in advance, evaluators and impact assessors know what they are looking for.
Basil Fawlty ja ”esithatcherilaisuus” sarjassa Pitkän Jussin majatalo
Authors: Mähkä Rami
Published: February 2019

Basil Fawlty ja ”esithatcherilaisuus” sarjassa Pitkän Jussin majataloArtikkeli tarkastelee brittiläistä tilannekomediaa Pitkän Jussin majatalo (Fawlty Towers BBC, 1975, 1979) konservatiivisuuden representaatioiden näkökulmasta ja kysyy, miten sarjan päähenkilö Basil Fawlty (esittäjä John Cleese) ”esithatcherilaisena” hahmona auttaa ymmärtämään niitä prosesseja, joiden seurauksena Margaret Thatcher nousi pääministeriksi vuonna 1979. Suositun sitcomin komediallinen päähenkilö artikuloi samoja arvoja kuin Thatcher mutta tekee sen monimerkityksellisesti, sillä kyseessä on komedia.Artikkelissa Fawltyn ”esithatcherilaisuus” ymmärretäänkin ongelmattoman käsitteen sijaan Fawltyn artikuloimina arvoina ja asenteina 1970-luvun jälkipuoliskon Britannian poliittis-yhteiskunnallisessa historiallisessa tilanteessa. Vastaavasti konservatiivisuus ymmärretään artikkelissa diskursseina, ei dogmaattisina opinkappaleina. Tämä vastaa thatcherismin ambivalenttia ja ristiriitaistakin luonnetta.Artikkeli väittää, että Basil Fawlty ja hänen arvomaailmansa ovat sarjan tärkein komedian lähde ja naurun kohde. Hän edustaa myös Thatcherille Britannian kehitystä pitkään jarruttanutta taantumuksellista konservatiivisuutta. Basililla ei kuitenkaan ole sarjassa vain yhtä positiota tai identiteettiä, vaan ne vaihtelevat tilanteen mukaan. Oleellista on, että sarja, sen jaksot, kohtaukset ja yksittäiset vitsit toimivat komediana. Tämä selittää myös sarjan tiettyä ambivalenttiutta suhteessa konservatiivisuuteen ja luokkayhteiskuntaan. Basil Fawlty And ‘Pre-Thatcherism’ in Fawlty TowersThe article analyses the popular British situation comedy Fawlty Towers (BBC, 1975, 1979) as a comedic representation of conservatism and its lead character, Basil Fawlty (played by John Cleese), as a ‘pre-Thatcherite’. The article discusses how Fawlty and the series can help us to understand the processes which led to Margaret Thatcher winning the election in 1979 and becoming prime minister. Fawlty promotes similar values to Thatcher, but with ambiguity as the series is a comedy; comedy makes interpretation of ideological issues problematic as it is an alternative meaning-making system to non-comedic forms.The article understands conservatism and Thatcherism as discourses rather than political dogmas or programmes. Thatcherism, including its relationship with particular forms of conservatism, is ambivalent and in some cases contradictory. Basil Fawlty is a prime example of this. The article argues that Fawlty can be seen as a ‘pre-Thatcherite’. He is the main target of laughter and ridicule in the series, but because of his witty remarks and sarcasm we are also laughing with him, not only at him. Despite his old-fashioned conservatism, he also represents values, such as patriotism, which can be seen as identifiable across political and ideological lines. This is exactly what Thatcher accomplished in the late 1970s
Modelling and Performance Analysis for a PV System Based MPPT Using Advanced Techniques
Authors: Gouda Eid A. , Kotb Mohamed Fawzi , Elalfy Dina A.
Published: February 2019

The produced power from Photovoltaic system is varied and its efficiency is severely affected by many factors such as irradiance and ambient temperature. To obtain a competent system with maximum benefits, the tracking of the maximum power point became mandatory. This paper presents an efficient design of maximum power point tracking â€œMPPTâ€ for PV system control using three advanced techniques; PSO, Perturb- and-observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (I_C). The PV system based MPPT has been modelled and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results are studied, analyzed and compared to the three proposed algorithms. PSO proved higher tracking power, lower power loss, high tracking speed, less time and minor oscillation than the other two techniques.
The Effect of Different Non-linear Demand Response Models Considering Incentive and Penalty on Transmission Expansion Planning
Authors: Zakeri Amir Sadegh , Asgari Gashteroodkhani Oveis , Niazazari Iman , Askarian-Abyaneh Hossein
Published: February 2019

The Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) problem involves adding new lines to the existing electrical transmission network in order to meet the electrical demand requirements. Demand Response (DR) plays an important role in solving the TEP problem due to the delay in the investment costs. Researchers usually focus on the linear model of DR, while the focus on nonlinear models including power, exponential and logarithmic of DR is small. In this paper and in order to understand which model gives the realistic results, the linear model of DR is studied simultaneously with nonlinear models including power, exponential and logarithmic of DR. Moreover, the effect of incentive and penalty which has been neglected in the studies, is investigated. The study is investigated based on the viewpoint of different participants of the market including Independent System Operator (ISO), Customers and Utilities. In order to prioritize and select the most effective DR program, five characteristics including Peak Reduction, Energy Consumption, Load Factor, Peak to Valley and Customer’s Total Cost are extracted from the load curve. Then, using the weighting coefficients obtained by Entropy technique and implementing the TOPSIS and AHP technique, different DR programs are prioritized.
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA BRAND COMMUNICATION ON CONSUMER BASED EQUITY OF INDOMIE IN SURABAYA
Authors: Margaretha Silvia , Susilo Angel Aprilia , RahardjaHonantha Christina
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of Social Media Brand Communication on Consumer Based Brand Equity of Indomie in Surabaya. Data from 150 respondent in Surabaya were analyzed using Structural Equation Model (SEM) via Amos version 22. Respondent were randomly drawn from Surabaya society who joined the Fan Page of Indomie on Facebook. Result of this study showed that firm-created and user-generated social media brand communication positively influences Brand Awareness/Association, but has no influences on brand loyalty, and perceived quality only affected by user-generated social media brand communication.
LA AUDITORIA COMO UNA HERRAMIENTA
Authors: Romero Marco
Published: February 2019

En la actualidad la practica de la auditoria, cada vez mas se entiende como una actividad indispensable en el proceso administrativo, que por su propio dinamismo requiere de una apropiada y oportuna retroalimentación que aporte a mejorar la toma de decisiones. Dando por sentada la premisa de que la auditoria se aplica en todas las áreas del que hacer económico y productivo, consideramos exponer el tema bajo tres enfoques: 1. La auditoria como parte del proceso administrativo. 2. La auditoria como herramienta de la función del control. 3. La auditoria como metodología. Lo anterior permitirá que los señores estudiantes se motiven en el aprendizaje de esta asignatura y en la posterior aplicacion en sus emprendimientos o entidades donde ejerzan su profesión.
ECOTURISMO UNA ESTRATEGIA A LA CONTRIBUCIÓN DE LA SOSTENIBILIDAD
Authors: González Angélica , Nasimba Cristina
Published: February 2019

En los últimos anos, a nivel nacional e internacional, cada vez son mas las personas que buscan opciones diferentes para disfrutar de mejor manera sus vacaciones; dejando a un lado la playa, y a su vez buscando el contacto con la naturaleza, el conocimiento de otras culturas y modos de vida, o vivir una pequeña aventura en un paraje remoto; es el llamado ecoturismo. Es por esta razón por la cual ciertas comunidades se han visto forzadas en crear nuevos sistemas productivos, siendo el ecoturismo una actividad que permite disminuir el deterioro del medio ambiente y proteger los recursos naturales, a través del trabajo conjunto, fortaleciendo de esta manera el desarrollo sostenible, concepto que hoy en día el Gobierno ecuatoriano, en conjunto con organismos públicos y privados se encuentran fomentando. Sin embargo, este Último fragmento es discutible, debido a que todo crecimiento económico significativo, implica, en menor o mayor escala, la destrucción de la naturaleza.
Auditoría Integral al Ciclo Presupuestario de los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados de Cotopaxi y Pastaza
Authors: Benavides Iralda , Acosta Carla
Published: February 2019

En este artículo se analizarán e identiicarán los problemas tanto inancieros de control interno, gestión y cumplimiento que poseen cada uno de los GAD municipales de los cantones (Maná, Pujilí, Salcedo, Pastaza, Pangua, Sigchos) para de esta manera mediante un diagnosticoveriicar el grado de acatamiento para esto se ha tomado como base la realización de una auditoría integral.Los resultados plasmados en las tablas resumen fueron hechos en base a investigación, lo cual ha permitido identiicar los problemas más relevantes y repetitivos que tiene cada Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados.
Circuitos Productivos de Alimentación, un Aporte al Desarrollo de la Economía Popular y Solidaria
Authors: Guanoluisa Ismael , Nasimba Cristina , González Angélica
Published: February 2019

Los Circuitos Productivos de Alimentación son sistemas dinámicosque implican la combinación de los procesos agrícola e industrial, conel objetivo de transformar los productos provenientes del campo hastael consumidor inal. Sin embargo, se considera también un circuitoalimentario la prestación de servicios de alimentos sanos, segurosy nutritivos, amparados en los principios de la soberanía alimentaria.Esta última postura analizada desde el punto de la Economía Populary Solidaria, los autores encuentran que existe una relación directa dedesarrollo equitativo. El objetivo de estudio es constatar la articulaciónde la economía popular y solidaria y los circuitos productivos, con énfasisen los emprendimientos alimentarios. Por medio de una investigacióncualitativa, haciendo uso de fuentes primarias de investigación,estableciendo referentes bibliográicos ajustados al propósito de estainvestigación documental.
Content Marketing: Innovación e Información a través de las Redes Sociales
Authors: Iturralde María Fernanda
Published: February 2019

El Content Marketing al ser una derivación del marketing tiene comoin especíico la búsqueda de la interacción con sus clientes, no es unelemento excluyente más bien forma parte del mix de marketing siendouna fracción de la campaña de comunicación directa. Es por esa razónque uno de los problemas detectados es la intromisión de la innovacióncomo un elemento distorsionador de contenidos, siendo la calidad dela información un puntal en el ejercicio de la relación a largo plazo conlos clientes. En función de este elemento se determina como inalidadde la investigación establecer la relación que existe entre el contenidode los mensajes que se transmiten en redes sociales con el impactoque estos generan, en este hecho se vinculan las variables de lainformación con las redes sociales determinándose un vínculo estrechocon la innovación tecnológica y la permanencia de los usuarios eninternet. El artículo presenta resultados investigativos basados en elestudio explicativo y bibliográico de publicaciones y obras relevantesque dan sustento a las variables de estudio, así como la aplicación deun método exploratorio para establecer conclusiones. El documentoanalizado abarca como innovación el desarrollo de nuevas tendenciasdel marketing buscando elevar el contacto con el cliente y mantener sulealtad, también se profundiza en la importancia de desarrollar mensajesefectivos que puedan ser de interés común en la comunidad en red.
Incidencia del Crédito de Desarrollo Humano en la Creación de Nuevas Microempresas
Authors: Jiménez Elisabeth
Published: February 2019

El Crédito de Desarrollo Humano (CDH) otorgado por el gobiernoecuatoriano en la ciudad de Latacunga en el periodo 2008 – 2012 fuecanalizado a través de 14 de las 52 Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito(COAC). Los beneiciarios de estos inanciamientos lo emplearonen algunos emprendimientos siendo la actividad agropecuaria la demayor participación., esto ha permitido que el 56,7% de la poblaciónbeneiciaria con este tipo de créditos mejoren su nivel de vida conla obtención de nuevos ingresos económicos percibidos con su nuevamicroempresa. El presente estudio permite conocer las debilidades yfortalezas de esta iniciativa de gobierno, así como plantea estrategiasque permitirán dar un seguimiento efectivo tanto en el otorgamientocomo en la administración misma de este este tipo de inanciamiento conla inalidad de que se cumpla con el objetivo fundamental de este tipo decréditos que es fomentar las ideas y actividades productivas.
Las Capacidades y Potencialidades de los Recursos Humanos Eje Estratégico y Competitivo en la Gestión del Conocimiento.
Authors: Cejas Magda , Navarro Mercedes , Chirinos Nilda , Rivas Ariana
Published: February 2019

Las capacidades y potencialidades de los recursos humanos hoy en díageneran grandes oportunidades tanto a las organizaciones como a lospaíses. Su constitución estratégica y competitiva se debe precisamenteal desarrollo de las competencias traducidas en términos de habilidades,destrezas y actitudes, por cual su alcance conlleva a la revalorización de lagestión del conocimiento en la sociedad actual, así entonces la concepciónexpresada con antelación se somete a continuos cambios en un mundocada vez más complejo en especial por la capacidad de innovar, modiicary generar transformaciones positivas no sólo para que la gente tenga unamejor calidad de vida, sino también, para incrementar nuevos paradigmasasociados a la sociedad del conocimiento. El objetivo que pretende esteartículo es el abordar la preponderancia que tiene las capacidades ypotencialidades de las personas en el marco de sus propias competenciasy en pro de la gestión y Economía del conocimiento. Como metodología seasumió la de tipo documental, la cual sigue un procedimiento lógico, tecnooperacionalesimplícitos en todo proceso de investigación, con el objetode ponerlos de maniiesto y sistematizarlos lo cual permitió el análisis de supuestos del estudio a partir de los conceptos teóricos respecto al tema.Concluyendo que la gestión del conocimiento forma parte de la sociedad deaprendizaje la cual está indisolublemente ligada a la comprensión formativede las personas en un contexto cada vez más amplio permitiendo asi unaprendizaje por competencias de character permanente entendiéndose loque se aprende, y todo ello de tal forma que pueda adaptarlo a nuevassituaciones que se transforman rápidamente.
EL AGROTURISMO UNA ALTERNATIVA PARA DINAMIZAR LA AGROINDUSTRIA RURAL
Authors: Gonzàlez Angèlica , Iturralde Marìa , Iturralde Marìa , Morales Johana , Morales Johana
Published: February 2019

El estudio tiene como objetivo identiicar lasalternativas para dinamizar la agroindustriarural, para lo cual se presenta un análisis decaso que permite observar de manera puntuallos lineamientos que impulsen el agroturismo.Este caso muestra la situación de la parroquiaLa Península, del cantón Ambato; tomandoen consideración teorías y acepciones deagroturismo, desarrollo rural sostenible,dinamización turística y desarrollo socioeconómico; este análisis se lo ha desarrolladobajo el enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo detipo descriptivo y exploratoria, permitiendoesquematizar el diagnóstico situacional dela parroquia así como el planteamiento deun programa de dinamización turística queimpulse principalmente la multifuncionalidaddel sector, de acuerdo a las nuevas tendenciasde la demanda y oferta en agroturismo.
Una mirada del proceso de regulación contable internacional en el contexto de globalización
Authors: Panchi Mayo Viviana Pastora
Published: February 2019

La globalización es un proceso que ha inducido transformaciones relevantes en el funcionamiento del sistema económico a nivel mundial. Sus efectos, se precisan en las diversas dimensiones del desarrollo, incluyendo también los aspectos relacionados con el campo contable y financiero. Como un mecanismo para favorecer la competitividad empresarial y, la revelación de información completa y de calidad para la toma de decisiones, el International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) procedió a la formulación de las Normas nternacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF). En función de lo expuesto, este artículo tiene como objetivo disertar en torno a las bases de proceso de regulación contable internacional sustentado por el IASB en el contexto de lo global. Metodológicamente, el trabajo se desarrolló sobre la base del análisis hermenéutico de estudios desarrollados en las líneas de investigación en globalización y regulación contable internacional; así como de la revisión de las NIIF. Las conclusiones de la investigación, revelan la incidencia de lo global en el proceso de regulación contable fundamentado por el IASB, a partir del cual se ha desarrollado la armonización o convergencia contable que promueve la adopción de un mismo lenguaje como base del ejercicio de la contabilidad a nivel mundial.
Ética como eslabón de la Responsabilidad social. Un reto para transferir, crear e innovar conocimiento desde una combinación de cultura organizacional, ética, moral, principios cívicos y ciudadanos
Authors: Seijo Cristina
Published: February 2019

El objetivo general del presente estudio consistió en analizar la ética como eslabón de la responsabilidad social: un reto para transferir, crear e innovar conocimiento desde una combinación de cultura organizacional, ética, moral, principios cívicos y ciudadanos. Atendiendo a una época inmersa en transformaciones radicales, profundas, globales y nacionales impredecibles, donde cada época tiene características propias que la hacen única. Bajo esta óptica, se hace imprescindible nuevas formas gerenciales sustentadas en la ética y la responsabilidad social, en la cual se plantean demandas a lacreatividad y la imaginación, puesto que la empresa actúa como una entidad fluida, la cual se moviliza, para insistir, resistir y fortalecer las acciones del personal, sin permitir que las adversidades afecten la rentabilidad; por cuanto el éxito obtenido por una organización al alcanzar los objetivos, dependerá del desempeño de la misma, aunado a su fuerza laboral. Surge de tal situación, el presente artículo, el cual desarrolla dos variables, tales como ética y responsabilidad social, sustentada doctrinariamente en Cortina (1999), De la Cuesta (2002), Elegido (1998), Escobar (2000), Ferrer (2001), Kotler (2001), López (2000), Llano (2001), Savater (1999), Seijo (2013), entre otros. Asimismo, la investigación es de tipo documental, bajo un enfoque no experimental, donde existen amplios basamentos que contribuirán a estableceruna combinación de cultura organizacional, ética, moral, principios cívicos y ciudadanos.
RELIABILITY EXAMINATION TRANSMISSION GEARS OF LIFTING CRANES IN SEA PORTS AND TRANSPORT TERMINALS
Authors: Panasenko Nikolay Nikitovich , Yakovlev Pavel Victorovich
Published: February 2019

With a significant variety of drives in hoisting-and-transport machines of cyclic action, gears are most often used, which is explained by their high load-carrying capacity, reliability of gears, compactness, lower cost and lower operating costs. The use of gears in major units and mechanisms of lifting machines requires a special approach to the assessment of their performance. The required regulatory and technical documents have been studied and systematized. Analysis of the current regulatory and technical documents on the lifting and transport vehicles justified that some types of wear that can cause damage or accidents to expensive components are not registered in these documents. Based on the results of the examination of industrial safety of a variety of objects, there have been made efforts to systematize defects and develop approaches to complement existing regulatory documents. Wear or minor damage to the gear pair is a natural consequence of the mechanism operation. The most serious problem facing the expert is the assessment of the mechanism residual life. So, it is important to know further dynamics of metal destruction. Defects may be similar, but the prediction of the dynamics of destruction requires an assessment of the material state. Quantitative indicators of metal fatigue are recommended to include in the criteria for assessing the state of transmission gear. It has been proposed to replace a number of subjective expert methods of checking the quality and safety of gear teeth. Taking into account domestic and foreign experience in the operation of gears of hoisting-and-transport machines, in order to analyze the safety of gears of cranes that are in operation before they have reached the limit state, it has been proposed to apply a coefficient characterizing the sensitivity of the material to stress concentration and the influence of the scale factor. There have been considered and illustrated examples of gear defects on the cranes of “Astrakhan Builder” JSC, port “Development”, etc.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING IN THE STUDY OF ROUGHNESS AS APPLIED TO INTERNAL SURFACES
Authors: Batmanov Edward Zagidinovich , Bulgakov Vladimir Pavlovich , Guseinov Rasul Vagidovich
Published: February 2019

The article considers the problems of mathematical modeling roughness of surfaces obtained in the cutting process. Roughness is related with the technological parameters of the system “machine-fixture-tool-workpiece” and the problem of fine finish of internal threads. There have been analyzed the existing mathematical models of finished surface roughness and stated the need to develop a mathematical model of internal surface roughness. There has been worked out a mathematical model of threaded profile roughness of the internal thread made by the tap in the details made from high-strength corrosion-resistant DI-8 grade steel that is popular in ship equipment building, by using methods of planning experiments. Geometric parameters of the tap cutting part have been taken as independent: angle of the intake cone, face and rear grinding angles. There have been listed parameters for qualitative evaluating and rating sharpened surfaces that are given in GOST 2789-73: altitudinal, step, profile bearing surface parameters. A mean-square deviation of microroughness profile was suggested to use as a roughness parameter. Impression method was used to evaluate roughness, light section device МИС-11 of V.P. Linnik was used to measure mold surface roughness. The method of planning experiments of predicting the roughness of internal surfaces has been found efficient. Theoretical studies are based on metal cutting methods, as well on methods of experiment planning with application of regression analysis; experimental research was conducted under laboratory conditions by using a computation machine. The research results allow to greatly improve the surface finish technologies in shipbuilding.
FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ADDITIONAL JET OF WATER ONTO THE FIXED PITCH PROPELLER BLADE
Authors: Sharatov Aleksei Sergeevich
Published: February 2019

Oughening the requirements of the international Convention for the prevention of the sea from vessels of 1973, with amendments, demands to reduce the environmental pollution, which can be achieved by maintaining the operational coefficient of energy efficiency of the vessel constant during the voyage. The behavior of the main engine with the fixed pitch propeller in the ship power plant is determined by the operating conditions of the vessel. The dependence of thermal load of the main engine on the operating conditions leads to increased pollution of the environment by fuel combustion products and increased operative ratio of energy efficiency. The control of the thermal and mechanical intensity of the main engine when it is working on a non-nominal screw characteristic, under its “weighting” or “relief", ensures the preservation of the required energy efficiency indicators when operating conditions change. There have been analyzed the methods of implementing the system of additional water jet impact supplied through the slot nozzle of the blade on the propeller to control the thermal and mechanical intensity of the main engine, regardless of the influence of external operating conditions. The design factors dependent on the type of the helical-steering complex of the vessel and affecting the method of liquid supply to the slotted nozzle of the blade have been analyzed. The analysis of the design features of modern fixed pitch propellers, methods of making screw propellers has been given. The main criteria for the system have been determined in order to minimize the negative impact on the propeller system and to lower the useful effect of controlled response on heat load of the main engine. The proposed design of the system of liquid supply to the slotted nozzles of propeller blades is characterized by minimal impact on the propeller unit.
INVESTIGATION OF CAPACITY CHARACTERISTICS OF MODERN MEDIUM-TONNAGE FISHING VESSELS WITH REFRIGERATED SEA-WATER (RSW) TANKS
Authors: Duong Van Thanh
Published: February 2019

Over the past two decades, in the marine fisheries of a number of countries medium-tonnage RSW type fishing vessels have experienced considerable development, which were characterized by new architectural solutions and fitted with modern equipment. The obvious interest in modern efficient vessels predetermines the need to develop a methodology for their optimization design. Information about medium-tonnage RSW type fishing vessels in the open press is quite poorly represented, only in the form of advertising brochures illustrating the schemes of general arrangement. The uncertainty of design parameters is significantly reduced due to reconstructing ship characteristics. The problem of determining the hull capacity and its components of modern medium tonnage RSW-type fishing vessels was studied. The materials from periodicals, analytical reviews and sites of design organizations were used as the initial data for the study. In the course of the research, theoretical drawings of a number of modern vessels were reconstructed using Maxsurf software and their hulls were divided into compartments. According to the results of calculating vessel capacities, regression dependences of the volume of individual compartments of the vessel on its main elements and characteristics were generated. The performed verification of the received formulas showed their acceptability in the equation of capacity with error of 5%. Reducing that error assumes a preliminary refinement of the capacity parameter of machine room for the selected prototype, taking into account the peculiarities of its power plant layout.
INFLUENCE OF FUEL TYPE ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A GAS CARRIER POWER PLANT
Authors: Ermolaev Vladimir Pavlovich , Abacharaev Ibragim Musaevich , Bukin Vladimir Grigorievich , Pokusaev Mikhail Nikolaevich
Published: February 2019

The article analyzes the changes in requirements for oxide emissions resulted from fuel combustion in accordance with the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships MARPOL 73/78. The problem of improving the energy efficiency of large-capacity gas tankers is studied by using different types of marine fuel. An energy audit was carried out on board a gas carrier with deadweight of 54,354 tons and propulsion system power of 12,400 kW. The energy audit relied on data of six voyages of a gas-carrier from July 14, 2016 to January 19, 2017. The Energy Efficiency Operational Index defined as carbon dioxide emissions per ton-mile of cargo movement, was used as a tool for assessing the energy efficiency of the ship. The research included the methods of comparative analysis of fuel change during the voyages. The comparative analysis was applied to calculate changes of consuming fuels with different lower caloric value. There have been given general characteristics of heavy fuel RMG 380 and diesel fuel DMA. Values of all parameters for analysis of operational coefficient of power efficiency were taken from the engineer’s log, cargo record book and oil record book, as well as from energy efficiency operation indicator reports of the company after each voyage. Based on the results of the assessment, the conclusions were drawn and perspectives were developed concerning the use of marine fuels and modification of the ship power plant. It has been inferred that using liquefied natural gas as main fuel increases power and economic efficiency of a ship and meets new requirements of MARPOL 73/78 to 2020 on sulfur content in fuel. The conducted research and preliminary calculations make it possible to predict an increase in the economic efficiency of a large-tonnage fleet while maintaining a high environmental friendliness.
ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATION MODES OF THE SHIP DUAL CURRENT SYSTEM
Authors: Burmakin Oleg Anatolevich , Popov Sergey Vasilevich , Gulyaev Vladimir Viktorovich , Malyshev Yuriy Sergeevich
Published: February 2019

The article highlights the feasibility of using dual-current systems in ship electrical power systems in conditions of using renewable energy sources. The charts of energy resources of solar and wind energy in Russia have been presented and analyzed. The feasibility of using wind energy in the northern and eastern regions and solar energy in the southern regions has been discussed. Alternative sources on dry-cargo ships, tankers and bulk barges may well provide propulsion energy. Operation of traditional energy sources together with the alternative ones in a combined ship electric power system is provided by the system of dual current type with built-in DC network. The test results of the pilot plant which allows parallel operation of different generators in a dual current system have been described. The experiments included the parallel operation of one generator; load distribution between parallel-running synchronous generators, asynchronous generators, between synchronous and asynchronous generators; load transfer and decommissioning of one of the generators. Parallel operation was carried out on DC network. The load transfer of the synchronous generator can be carried out by changing excitation current, and asynchronous generator - by changing frequency of rotation of the drive motor. It has been found out that the DC network allows: to connect various sources for parallel operation in terms of power, statism, and type of current; to regulate loading by changing the moment on a shaft of the driving engine; to fulfil easier switching to the “built-in” DC network of renewable energy sources.
A capacidade dos municípios do planalto norte catarinense de resposta às doenças emergentes e endêmicas nos últimos cinco anos
Authors: Maia Erick Douglas Weber da , Wieczorkievicz Adriana Moro , Mazon Luciana Maria , Milani Maria Luísa
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental em banco de dados online (IBGE/DATASUS) com o objetivo de determinar as respostas obtidas pelos municípios da 25ª SDR (Mafra, Itaiópolis, Monte Castelo, Papanduva, Rio Negrinho, São Bento do Sul e Campo Alegre) e 26ª SDR (Canoinhas, Três Barras, Bela Vista do Toldo, Major Vieira, Porto União e Irineópolis) nos últimos cinco anos para a redução da incidência da dengue, hanseníase, tuberculose, malária, influenza, hepatites e Aids. Os resultados demonstraram que as doenças emergentes e reemergentes estão presentes, e os seus índices de morbimortalidade vem apresentando uma maior prevalência a partir do ano de 2008. Os resultados evidenciam ainda, que todos os municípios que compõem a 25ª e 26ª SDR apresentam registrados junto ao Cadastro Nacional de estabelecimentos de Saúde, serviços de Vigilância em Saúde e Vigilância Epidemiológica, que permite inferir que os municípios supracitados dispõem de serviços básicos de controle para os agravos estudados. Os dados obtidos com esta pesquisa demonstram um cenário geral dos municípios integrantes da 25ª e 26ª SDRs, quanto aos desafios para a efetivação dos compromissos estabelecidos no pacto pela vida no que se refere à meta de fortalecimento da capacidade de resposta às endemias e doenças emergentes.
Descentralização das políticas públicas de lazer
Authors: Bruel Maria Rita , Vargas Ângelo
Published: February 2019

Introdução: O estudo da descentralização das políticas públicas de lazer no exemplo de Curitiba/PR buscou identificar o usuário das atividades de práticas corporais sistemáticas; sua preferência; suas razões e motivos pela adesão e permanência; a capacidade destas em legitimar as Ruas da Cidadania para o cidadão. Materiais e Métodos: A pesquisa descritivo-analítica desenvolvida pelo método de procedimento descritivo através de questionário com perguntas de múltipla escolha contou com a amostra (n=1012), indivíduos dos gêneros masculino e feminino, frequentadores de atividades sistemáticas de lazer nos programas da SMEL. Resultados e Discussão: As práticas corporais para manutenção e preservação da saúde foram às preferidas em detrimento das esportivas e de entretenimento com 96,05% das indicações. A Proximidade (67,6%), Gratuidade (61,2%), Ter bons professores (66,4%) e Gostar do ambiente (52,5%) foram indicados por mais de metade dos entrevistados, como razão para adesão e permanência nos programas de lazer, indicadores estes que caracterizam as políticas públicas, portanto dever do Estado. O motivo da frequência apenas "por prazer" obteve 49,8% contra 3,1% de somente "por obrigação", indicando uma das categorias da natureza do lazer. A frequências nas "'RC" está relacionada ao acesso aos equipamentos da SMEL no uso dos serviços públicos (37,5%) contra (20,55%), atendendo aos objetivos da descentralização na aproximação do cidadão ao poder instituído. Considerações Finais: A descentralização das políticas públicas de lazer revelou-se como fomentadora da visibilidade do poder instituído e da participação popular no exercício de sua cidadania, ao formarem um conjunto de ações coletivas com vistas à garantia dos direitos sociais.
Segurança para crescer
Authors: Maia Giovano , Campos Renata
Published: February 2019

Os acidentes domésticos envolvendo menores de 14 anos são freqüentes, ocasionando por vezes, lesões graves, que em sua maioria podem ser prevenidas.  No ano de 2006, mais de 5 mil crianças morreram e mais de 130 mil foram hospitalizadas devido os acidentes domésticos, tornando-se um problema de saúde pública. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar o grau de conhecimento das mães e ou responsáveis sobre prevenção de acidentes domésticos e se os mesmos têm conhecimento sobre as medidas de primeiros socorros. Foram avaliados 27 sujeitos responsáveis por menores de 14 anos. O estudo foi transversal e prospectivo. Foi aplicado um questionário direcionado para avaliar o nível de conhecimento sobre acidentes domésticos. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com funcionários e docentes de uma universidade. Os resultados demonstram que 40,7% dos entrevistados tinham nível superior completo. A maioria dos entrevistados (44,4%) tinham a tutela de 2 menores de 14 anos. O principal tipo de acidente doméstico foram as quedas (30,8%), seguido das queimaduras por líquido (15,4%). Dos entrevistados, 63% tinham noções de primeiros socorros, contudo destes, somente 40,7% relataram que participaram de programas de prevenção à acidentes domésticos e 74,1% dos entrevistados citaram cinco medidas preventivas. Concluímos que apesar do conhecimento básico sobre prevenção de acidentes domésticos, a incidência ainda é alta, e programas preventivos e noções sobre atuação em nível emergencial devam ser melhores articulados como medidas de promoção de saúde.