bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal Complications of Crohn's Disease: The Role of Computed Tomography in Diagnosis and Patient Management
Authors: Brenner Howard I , Fishman Elliot K , Harris Mary L , Bayless Theodore M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The delayed diagnosis of musculoskeletal complications of Crohn's disease may produce major morbidity in patients. This study compared abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT) with conventional radiography in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal complications in 23 of 552 patients with Crohn's disease examined by CT over a 7-year period. Surgical confirmation was available in 15 of 21 patients. The clinical features of psoas/gluteal abscesses, abdominal wall fistulae, and sacral osteomyelitis are described. Because the clinical manifestations of these musculoskeletal complications are often nonspecific, CT is often useful in diagnosing and directing therapeutic interventions.
Anatomical Variation of the Posterior Interosseous Nerve: A Cadaver Dissection Study
Authors: Seradge Houshang , Tian Wen , Baer Carrie , Seradge Ali
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

An anatomical variation of the posterior interosseous nerve was found in a cadaver. The posterior interosseous nerve entered the supinator muscle 3 cm distal to the radiohumeral joint, but exited from two sites. Fifty percent of the nerve exited under the distal edge of the supinator muscle. The other 50% of the nerve pierced through the supinator muscle, 4.2 cm distal to the articular surface of the radial head and then joined the remaining posterior interosseous nerve as it emerged from the supinator muscle distally. Variations were not found concerning the order and the manner of branches to the muscles. This variation in the posterior interosseous nerve could be an additional compression site for this nerve and therefore responsible for some of the atypical presentations of symptoms and for partial recovery after surgical decompression. Careful surgical dissection is recommended to avoid injury to this branch.
Removal of Incarcerated Braided Titanium Cables
Authors: McGrory Brian J , Lawhead B Andrew , Ruterbories James , Burnett Russell , White Raymond
Published: April 2021

The slap-hammer technique is effective for removing braided titanium cables, resulting in minimal soñ-tissue and bony destruction.
Arthrodesis With the Ilizarov Device After Failed Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: David Rami , Shtarker Haim , Horesh Zvi , Tsur Atzmon , Soudry Michael
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Thirteen patients with failed total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to infection (1 2 patients) or aseptic loosening (1 patient) underwent arthrodesis using the Ilizarov external fixator. Solid fusion was achieved in afi patients with an average healing time of 27.6 weeks. Patients spent an average 1 8.8 weeks in the fixator followed by an average 8.8 weeks in a plaster cylinder cast. Five patients had a pin tract infection and one a superficial wound infection. One patient had 1 5° recurvatum after surgery that was gradually corrected by adding a hinge system to the fixator. Average shortening of the affected limb was 3.7 cm (range: 1-6 cm). The Uizarov fixator for knee arthrodesis after failed TKA produced favorable results and should be considered for use by surgeons familiar with the technique.
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Therapy for Autologous Blood Donation in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Undergoing Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Matsuda Shuichi , Kondo Masakazu , Mashima Tatsuoki , Hoshino Shushi , Shinohara Norio , Sumida Sajio
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin on autologous blood donation was investigated in 73 rheumatoid arthritis patients who underwent hip or knee arthroplasty. Autologous blood donation of 400 mL was successful with recombinant human erythropoietin (12,000 U per week), and no homologous blood was required. The mean period of blood collection was 33.8 days. Mean hemoglobin levels were 9.7 g/dL before treatment, 10.7 g/dt before surgery, and 10.2 g/dL after surgery. This study confirmed recombinant human erythropoietin is effective for enabling preoperative blood donation in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Anatomic Considerations of the Posterolateral Lumbar Disk Region
Authors: Gu Yaoming , Ebraheim Nabil A , Xu Rongming , Rezcallah Anthony T , Yeasting Richard A
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Sixteen embalmed cadavers were dissected to determine the location of the lumbar nerve root and sympathetic trunk with reference to the superior border of transverse process. In the posterolateral lumbar disk region, a safe zone was found between the anterior limit of the lumbar nerve and the posterior limit of the sympathetic trunk. It has a transverse dimension of 22 mm at the T12-L1 disk region and 25 mm at the L4-L5 disk region. The only exception to this was the genitofemoral nerve running close to the lateral margin of the L2-L3 disk. The study provides an understanding of the posterolateral orientation of the lumbar nerves and sympathetic trunk.
Evaluation of Knee Consultations to a Referral-Only Orthopedic Clinic in a Managed Care System
Authors: Rupp Robert E
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

One hundred sixty-five knee consultations to a referralonly orthopedic service over a 2-year period were reviewed to document the gatekeeper diagnosis and initial treatment plan. These data were compared to the orthopedic evaluation. The majority of gatekeeper referral diagnoses were nonspecific or inaccurate. Several misdiagnoses resulted in prolonged patient recovery (delayed quadriceps tendon repair) and reinjury (recurrent instability of unrecognized anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees). These findings suggest the gatekeeper model may be inadequate to appropriately manage knee disorders.
Minimization of Metal Debris While Cutting and Removing Orthopedic Implants
Authors: Okun John D
Published: April 2021

High-speed cutting burrs often throw minute particles of metal, bone, and soft tissue in the air during removal or revision of fracture fixation. A simple technique using lap sponges, water-soluble lubricant, and a smoke evacuator and shield can nearly eliminate soft-tissue contamination.
The Application of Bioimplants in the Management of Chronic Osteomyelitis
Authors: Wang Jue , Calhoun Jason H , Mader Jon T
Published: April 2021

The management of musculoskeletal infections is an increasing challenge to clinicians. Bioimplants provide a unique system for skeletal specific drug delivery. Antibiotic-impregnated beads and spacers can be used to treat chronic osteomyelitis and deep soft-tissue infections locally with higher antibiotic concentrations, while avoiding potential systemic side effects.
Failed Surgical Management of Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Miller Suzanne L , Hazrati Yassamin , Cornwall Roger , Hayes Patrick , Gothelf Todd , Gladstone James L , Flatow Evan L
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Some authors have recommended that rotator cuff tears <50% of tendon thickness be debrided and those involving >50% of the tendon be treated with miniopen repair. We hypothesize that if indications for selecting between simple debridement and tendon repair were appropriate, then both groups should have comparable outcomes. Thirty-nine patients with partial rotator cuff tears met inclusion criteria and were available for retrospective analysis. Twenty-six percent of patients who underwent debridement and 12.5% of patients who had mini-open repair had unsatisfactory results according to Neer's criteria.
Long-Term Results of Derotational Femoral Varus Osteotomy in Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease: 26-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Than Peter , Halmai Vilmos , Shaikh Shoaib , Kránicz János , Bellyei Árpád
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The long-term results of 30 patients (31 hips) who underwent derotational femoral varus osteotomy for Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are presented. Pain, leg-length discrepancy, Trendelenburg sign, and range of motion at the operated hip were examined clinically. Radiographic analysis included measurement of the Wiberg angle, epiphyseal index, acetabular index, and the Mose index. All were found to be satisfactory for patients in the good/fair category. Good/fair results were obtained in 27 (87%) of 31 hips according to Catterall's postoperative classification. Four patients were classified in the poor category due to severe restriction of movement and constant hip pain. Therefore, derotational femoral varus osteotomy is recommended for the treatment of patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.
Interscalene Block for Elective Shoulder Surgery
Authors: Conroy Brian P , Gray Bruce C , Fischer Robert B , Del Campo Lewis J , Kenter Keith
Published: April 2021

Abstract

This study assessed patient experiences with interscalene block anesthesia for elective shoulder surgery. Routine use of interscalene anesthesia was introduced at our institution in 1997. All patients who underwent interscalene anesthesia during the first 3 years of our experience with this regional anesthetic technique were asked to respond to an anesthesia-related questionnaire. Overall patient satisfaction with interscalene anesthesia was 87%, and success rate in achieving a complete motor and sensory block was 79%. The duration of pain relief postoperatively was 10.5 hours for patients with a successful block. Patients consistently reported that having an interscalene block was less painful than anticipated; 90% said they would have interscalene anesthesia again for shoulder surgery. This study demonstrates that interscalene anesthesia for elective shoulder surgery is safe and well accepted in this patient population.
Healing of Large Defects Treated With Calcium Sulfate Pellets Containing Demineralized Bone Matrix Particles
Authors: Urban Robert M , Turner Thomas M , Hall Deborah J , Infanger Susan , Cheema N , Lim T-H
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Calcium sulfate (OsteoSet, Wright Medical Technology, Inc, Arlington, Tenn) and calcium sulfate/demineralized bone matrix (DBM) pellets (OsteoSet DBM, Wright Medical Technology, Inc) have been evaluated preclinically in a bilateral medullary defect model of a canine humerus. In this model, both short (6 week) and long (26 week) time points have been evaluated. An analysis of bone response to the pellets was conducted using radiological, histological, mechanical, and quantification techniques. The calcium sulfate/DBM pellets exhibited more rapid trabecular bone remodeling as demonstrated by the absence of the ringlet bone structure typically seen with calcium sulfate pellets. We concluded that calcium sulfate and calcium sulfate/DBM pellets are both effective bone graft substitutes.
Instrument-Guided Semitendinosus-Gracilis Tendon Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement Using a Polyester Tape and Cortical Fixation Device
Authors: Fules Peter J , Goddard Richard K , Madhav Rohit T , Singh Bijay , Prem Hari , Jadega Harpal K , Mowbary Michael A S
Published: April 2021

Anterior cruciate iigament reconstruction using an over-the-top femoral routing and autologous four-strand semitendinosus-gracilis tendon gran provides good, early functional results and restores knee stability.
Diskography Outcomes in Patients Following Lumbar Diskectomy
Authors: Siambanes David , Kposowa Augustine J , Michelsen Steven
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The results of lumbar diskography at post-diskectomy and nonoperative disk levels in postoperative patients and patients without prior back surgery were reviewed over 3 years. Other possible predictive factors, including disk degeneration (per the Adam's classification), end-point resistance, gender, and age, also were reviewed. The results revealed that no statistically significant association was noted between the presence of a prior diskectomy and the outcome of diskography. However, disk degeneration classified as ruptured and fissured correlated statistically with positive diskography. Additionally, age between 30 and 39 years and male gender were statistically associated with a positive diskogram. Disk levels displaying a poor end point during diskography injection (not amendable to pressurization) were statistically related to ruptured or fissured disk levels and thus positive diskography. Based on these results, the assumption that disabling low-back pain presenting after lumbar procedure is due to diskogenic disease arising from the surgical level is not supported.
Minimal Incision Total Knee Arthroplasty Using the Suspended Leg Technique
Authors: Bonutti Peter M , Neal David J , Kester Mark A
Published: April 2021

This article describes an approach to minimize the soft-tissue trauma associated with total knee arthroplasty. A suspended leg technique provides full access to the knee by using flexion and the weight of the limb to stretch the incision. Violation of the extensor mechanism is minimized and soft-tissue balancing is enhanced with the suspended technique.
The Double Knot Suture Modification in Mitchell's Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus
Authors: Shamim Ahsan , Pande Ranjit , Maheshwari Rajan
Published: April 2021

This article presents a modification of Mitchell's osteotomy by using a double knot suture for stabilization.
Advanced Navigation Planning Including Soft Tissue Management
Authors: Clemens Ulrich , Miehlke Rolf Klaus
Published: April 2021

abstract

The OrthoPilot TKA Version 4.2 (B. Braun-Aesculap, Tuttlingen, Germany) offers software support for orthopedic surgeons. The system provides nearly normal manual workflow, creates perfect cuts, allows for sophisticated management of soft tissue, and respects individual anatomies. The OrthoPilot TKA Version 4.2 displays information to guide surgical decisions. However, surgeons decide if the information will be used during the resection. The most important advancements in the Version 4.2 software are the calculation of perfect rotation of the femoral component and optimal gap balancing.
Computer-Assisted Two-Dimensional Preoperative Planning for Total Hip Arthroplasty: Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Jolles B M , Leyvraz P-F
Published: April 2021

abstract

The purpose of this study is to clinically validate a new two-dimensional preoperative planning software for cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). Manual and two-dimensional computer-assisted planning were compared by an independent observer for each of the 30 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent THA. This study showed that there were no statistical differences between the results of both preoperative plans in terms of stem size and neck length (<1 size) and hip rotation center position (<5 mm). Two-dimensional computer-assisted preoperative planning provided successful results comparable to those using the manual procedure, thereby allowing the surgeon to simulate various stem designs easily.
Variation of Carrying Angle With Age, Sex, and Special Reference to Side
Authors: Yilmaz Erhan , Karakurt Lokman , Belhan Oktay , Bulut Mehmet , Serin Erhan , Avci Mustafa
Published: April 2021

abstract

We measured the carrying angle using a universal full-circle manual goniometer on the dominant and non-dominant extremity of the elbow in 1275 healthy volunteers (631 males, 644 females) with a mean age of 22.87±15.99 years range: 2-91 years). In the right arm dominant group, right carrying angle was 11.25°±3.73° and left carrying angle was 10.57°±3.63Q (P-COOl). In left arm dominant group, right carrying angle was 1Q.65°±3.99D and left carrying angle was 12.93°±4.22° (P<.0()1). The carrying angle of dominant arm was found to be significantly higher than the non-dominant arm in both sexes. The carrying angle of dominant and non-dominant arms were found to lie significantly higher in patients aged >14 years than that of patients aged ^14 years; females ranked higher than males.
The Effect of an Extended Flexor Carpi Radialis Approach on Blood Flow to the Distal Radius: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Placzek Jeffrey D , Sobol Gregory V , Arnoczky Steven P , Quinn Michael , Magnell Thomas
Published: April 2021

abstract

The effect of an extended flexor carpi radialis approach on the blood supply of the radius was examined in six (3 paired) fresh frozen cadaver limbs after injection with India ink and clearing using a modified Spalteholz technique. An extended flexor carpi radialis approach to the distal radius was made in the left limb in each of the three-paired limbs. The right limb served as a nonoperative control. Following perfusion of the arterial vasculatureof each limb with India ink, serial transverse sections were cut and the intraosseous blood supply evaluated using a modified Spalteholz technique. Both controls and surgical specimens demonstrated compíete cortical penetration from endosteal vessels in the proximal and midsectionsof the radius. In the distal radius, surgical specimens demonstrated reduced perfusion volarly, however there continued to be perfusion of ink through intact dorsal and ulnar metaphyseal perforating arteries. Persistent vascular perfusion to the distal radius remains through intact endosteal vessels and metaphyseal perforators of extensive surgical soft-tissue stripping.
A New Technique of Crossed Pins in Supracondylar Elbow Fractures in Children
Authors: Bombaci Hasan , Gereli Arel , Kucukyazici Onder , Gorgec Mucahit
Published: April 2021

The method of using crossed lateral pins is easy and provides adequate fixation in supracondylar elbow fractures in children.
The Effect of Volume and Pressure on Femoral Cement Grade
Authors: Auerbach Joshua D , Parks Michael L , Levy Roger N
Published: April 2021

The injection of extra cement into the closed femoral canal is a simple method to improve femoral cement grade.
Acetabular Reconstruction in Revision Hip Surgery Using Femoral Head Block Allograft
Authors: Piriou Philippe , Norton Mark , Marmorat Jean-Luc , Judet Thierry
Published: April 2021

abstract

This prospective study analyzed the clinical and radiological results of 140 consecutive cases of acetabular revision using large frozen femoral head allografts and cemented all -polyethylene acetabular components. Mean follow-up was 10 years (range: 5-16 years). Thirty patients died, seven were lost to follow-up, and 26 had failed and undergone further surgery. Nineteen failures were due to aseptic failure and collapse of the graft. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis calculated a mean survival at 1 0 years of 88.5% for revision for any reason. We compared all reported techniques of acetabular reconstruction for similar defects and recommend a surgical strategy based on the available evidence, but weighted towards a preference to reconstitute bone stock rather than removing further bone in the revision situation.
Legal Implications of Academic Dismissal and Educational Malpractice for Nursing Faculty
Authors: Goclowski Jadwiga
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Recent legal decisions affect nursing education not only in the area of academic dismissal but also in the area of educational malpractice. Nursing faculty may be caught in an interesting "catch-22" phenomenon. There exists a possibility where an educator may be sued for both failing, and not failing, a student. An incompetent graduate may sue for inadequate education, and a dismissed student may sue the faculty member for failing to treat the student in a logical and reasonable manner.

Although courts have recognized that faculty members are uniquely qualified to observe and judge all aspects of their students' academic performance, nursing instructors have a double responsibility; one to the client and the other to the student. Clinical nursing faculties must meet a standard of care with respect to the client and a standard of conduct with respect to the student.
Defining Scholarly Activity in Nursing Education
Authors: Baird Sandra Cawley , Biegel Agnes , Bopp Audrey , Dolphin Nancy Wentworth , Ernst Nora , Hagedorn Mary , Malkiewicz Judy , Payton Rita Jean , Sawatzky Gordon
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

In an attempt to address the question of what activities should be considered scholarly, thereby warranting their inclusion in a nursing faculty evaluation model, a study was undertaken which surveyed all National League for Nursing accredited baccalaureate educational programs.

The items in the instrument were generated utilizing the Delphi method and a pilot study established inter-respondent reliability. A response rate of 73% was attained.

Scholarly activity was considered highly important in evaluation for promotion and tenure in over 50% of the schools. There were distinct differences in the activities deemed scholarly when respondents were broken down into categories such as size and type of institution and the existence or non-existence of graduate nursing programs in the same institution.
Theory: Basis for the Study and Practice of Nursing Education
Authors: Fawcett Jacqueline
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The theoretical base for nursing education is described as a hierarchy made up of nursing's metaparadigm, conceptual models, and theories. The types of theories needed for the practice of nursing education and the research methods used to develop these theories are discussed. Criteria to be met by a theory before it may be used in nursing education practice are identified.
The Faculty Work Plan and Appraisal: Its Potential for Faculty Role Development
Authors: Porter Luz S , Counts Mona M , Borgman Mary Frances , Dieriggi Pamela , Miller Virginia
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This exploratory study was designed to begin analysis on the "Faculty Work Plan" and its potential for faculty role development in a university setting. The specific goals were: (1) to identify the degree of congruence between faculty work plans and the school goals; and (2) to determine the relationship between faculty work plan/school goal congruence, faculty productivity, potency, and job satisfaction.

The sample was composed of 26 respondents, 26 to 50 years old, from a pool of 48 full-time faculty members affiliated with a school of nursing in a university setting. Likerttype rating scores were used to measure Faculty Work PlanSchool Goal Congruence (FWP-SG), job satisfaction, productivity, and potency. Data analyses were focused on frequency distribution, group means, and Pearson Correlation Coefficients on selected pairs of variables. Interesting findings were revealed. A strong relationship was found between FWP-SG congruence and faculty productivity (r = .85; p= .000) and potency (r = .84; p= .000). Several recommendations were suggested.
Meeting the Terminal Functions of a Baccalaureate Curriculum: The Students' Perception
Authors: Moore Linda , Boyd Marlyn D
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Nursing faculty have established terminal functions which graduates are expected to be able to accomplish after successfully completing the nursing program. Students have asked themselves and faculty if they are ready to perform as professional nurses after graduation. This study utilized the terminal functions established by one mediumsize state university to obtain data regarding the students' perceptions of their competencies based on the terminal functions. The assessment was conducted at the time of graduation and again one year post-graduation. The data may provide other faculty with a method to further evaluate nursing curricula and illustrate the changes in graduates' perceptions of their abilities over time.
The Relationship of Nursing Deans' Leadership Behaviors With Institutional Characteristics
Authors: Lucas Mary D
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the leadership behaviors of nursing deans and selected organizational variables in baccalaureate and higher degree nursing programs in the United States. The sample consisted of 170 deans who provided data on their self-perceived leadership behaviors as measured by the Leadership Behavior Description Questionnaire and on institutional characteristics of both their nursing programs and parent institutions. Using correlation and analysis of variance, a significant relationship was found between the leadership dimension of Consideration and faculty expertise. Significant relationships were also found between the dimension of Initiating Structure and the nursing program variables of faculty expertise and educational task and the parent institution variables of control, educational task, and size. This study proposes that organizational variables should be included in leadership theory for nursing academic administrators.
Teaching Communication Skills: Effects of Two Methods of Instruction and Selected Learner Characteristics
Authors: Norris Joan
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Performance outcomes were compared for groups of students (N = 147) randomly assigned to role play or lecture instruction for learning basic communication skills. These students also differed on the attributes of learning style and traditional-nontraditional status. Analysis of variance with age as a covariant was used in a factorial design to compare performance of the various subgroups on objective tests at two time intervals and on instructor ratings of students' skills on four dimensions of communication in process recordings of actual nurse-patient interactions.

Significant (p = <.05) differences were demonstrated as follows: 1) the field-independent learning style group had higher mean scores on objective tests than did the field-dependent group, and 2) the nontraditional group (older with prior academic degrees and life experience) had higher mean scores on the initial objective test and on instructor rated process recordings for the dimensions of caring, concreteness and empathy than did the traditional BSN student group in the sample. Differences in student evaluation ratings of the instructional method which were significant (X
2
p = < .05) included: 1) role-play students indicated greater interest, active involvement and preference for the method, and 2) lecture students indicated greater confidence that the method met the objectives and that they understood the material although no differences in overall mean performances were demonstrated. Interactive effects and the implications of the study findings are discussed.
Relationship of Nursing Program Predictors and Success on the NCLEX-RN Examination for Licensure in a Selected Associate Degree Program
Authors: Woodham Ruth , Taube Kurt
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This ex post facto correlational study sought to determine the relationship of selected admission criteria and performance in the integrated nursing major didactic courses of an associate science in nursing degree program as predictors for performance on the licensing examination for registered nurses. A significant positive relationship at .01 with NCLEX was individually demonstrated with all of the seven ASN nursing courses and with SAT verbal scores. Not significant were age at graduation from the program, high school class rank percentile, and SAT math scores. Multivariate regression weights derived from an equation using course grades of 104 graduates were used to predict NCLEX scores. The predicted scores correlated strongly (n=. 78551, p<.001) with the actual scores. Ten predicted and actual scores were provided for demonstration.
Educational Preparation for Clinical Teaching: Perceptions of the Nurse Educator
Authors: Karuhije Harriett F
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Clinical teaching in nursing has been found to be as problematic as it is in other practice-oriented professions. Numerous studies have identified and classified both effective and ineffective clinical teaching behaviors. Absent from the literature are investigations seeking the perceptions of the teachers regarding the adequacy of their preparation for the task and the possible reason(s) for ineffective performance. During the 1983 NLN convention and an ADN workshop, 211 nurse educators responded to a questionnaire soliciting their perception about the adequacy of their graduate program in preparing them for clinical teaching responsibilities. In addition, recommedations were sought on content necessary to effective performance. The study data reveal some startling findings and raise serious questions about the priority graduate programs assign to the content desired by survey participants as necessary for effective clinical teaching. Specific recommendations to address the problem are presented.
The Impact of Expectations on Faculty Job Satisfaction
Authors: Christian Patricia L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Although job satisfaction of nurses within the clinical area has been heavily studied, the satisfaction of nurse faculty members has seldom been examined. This study looks at the relationship of the role of the department chairperson to the satisfaction of faculty. The sample was composed of 163 faculty in eight state supported baccalaureate/masters programs. Age, length of service, size of the department, and the size of the program served as control variables. Two self-designed instruments (CPQ-E and CPQ-P) based on Need Fulfillment Theory created an Expectation Discrepancy Score for each faculty member. Job satisfaction was measured by the JDI. The relationship between the Expectation Discrepancy Score and job satisfaction was found to be significant (Fg= 15.786,p< 05). Several recommendations were suggested.
Substance Abuse Education in Schools of Nursing: A National Survey
Authors: Hoffman Agnes L , Heinemann M Edith
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

A concern whether the expansion of knowledge in substance abuse nursing and the contemporary prevalence of substance use disorders had influenced current educational offerings in schools of nursing provided an impetus for this national survey. The purpose of the study was to obtain information about current curricular offerings in substance abuse by schools of nursing. A total of 1,035 questionnaires were mailed to schools of nursing. Respondents included 336 schools representing a 36% return rate. The sample included 154 baccalaureate (46%), 126 associate degree (38%), and 56 diploma (17%) programs. All but one state (Alaska) of the U.S. were part of the sample. The questionnaire used for this study was adapted from one developed for a survey of alcohol and drug abuse content taught in medical schools (Pokorney & Solomon, 1983). Modifications were limited to placing questions in a nursing context. All responding schools included substance abuse in curricular offerings with the largest number (N = 192; 57%) reporting the teaching of alcohol and drug content in a combined manner. The number of required hours of instruction reported most frequently was one to five (N = 242; 72%), which did not differ significantly for the three types of programs. The relatively small number of required hours of instruction would seem disproportionate to the scope and prevalence of substance abuse problems present in patient populations.
Feminist Pedagogy: A Framework for Nursing Education?
Authors: Hezekiah Jocelyn
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article describes the feminist pedagogical strategies used in a nursing course in the post-RN Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) program, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. A variety of concepts that have direct relevance for nurses were discussed within small groups. These settings provided the venue for an examination of the issues that nurses, as primarily female, face in a patriarchal Muslim society and an androcentric health care system. Emphasis is on the process used in terms of feminist pedagogical practices and its relationship to feminist theory and critical pedagogy. The five process goals suggested by Schniedewind (1983) formed the basis for an exploration of this relationship through an analysis of the content and practices used in the course. It is demonstrated that the teaching practices advocated by feminist pedagogy hold much promise for nursing education to empower nurses and to make an impact on the health care system.
Success in Baccalaureate Nursing Programs: A Matter of Accommodation?
Authors: Haislett Judith , Hughes Robbie B , Atkinson George , Williams Calvin L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article explores student learning styles as an important variable in four-year baccalaureate nursing programs. Student learning styles were assessed by Kolb's Learning Style Inventory-1985 (LSI-1985), which identifies the accommodator, diverger, assiinilator, and converger learning styles. The authors examined the relationship between learning style and academic performance as measured by grade-point ratio (GPR) and studied behaviors and attitudes as measured by Brown and Holtzman's (1964) Survey of Study Habits and Attitudes. Analysis indicated that this sample (N = 100) included mainly assimilators and divergere, making reflective observation the most common mode of learning. Compared to the accommodator/converger group, the assimilator/diverger group earned a significantly higher GPR, significantly better scores on the study habits variable of Work Methods (WM), and moderately better scores on the study attitude variable of Educational Acceptance (EA). Accommodators were identified as the most at-risk learning style group, and specific interventions were suggested to assist accommodators in adapting to the academic rigors of a nursing curriculum.
A Model for the Integration of HIV/AIDS Content into Baccalaureate Nursing Curricula
Authors: Duffy Pam Reid
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has posed unprecedented challenges for nurse faculty. The purpose of this article is to describe a model for the integration of HIV/AIDS content into health professions' curricula over time, specifically into baccalaureate nursing programs. The model was developed through nurse faculty experience with a professional AIDS education project over five years, with over 16,000 trainees. The model includes three stages: the imported guest speaker, mainstreaming, and integration. In the last stage, it is noted that HIV/AIDS serves as a vehicle for curricular development that prepares nurses to meet care problems beyond those limited to HIV. It is hoped that this model will be useful for nurse educators now facing the complexities of curriculum development necessary in response to HIV/AIDS.
Education and Practice Collaboration: A Strategy for Curriculum Development
Authors: Beddome Gail , Budgen Claire , Hills Marcia D , Lindsey A Elizabeth , Duval Phyllis Manchester , Szalay Laurie
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Five schools of nursing in British Columbia formed a collaborative partnership in 1989; four represented diploma programs, and one a post-RN program. Their partnership benefited each in the development of a baccalaureate nursing curriculum. Committed to the principle of a curriculum being driven by practice, rather than the reverse, the collaborative partners employed a variety of strategies to include nurses from practice in the development of the curriculum. One strategy used by the partnership was a Delphi survey of nurses in practice. This article describes the results of this survey and their implications for nursing curricula.
NCLEX Job Analysis Study: Questionnaire Development
Authors: Chornick Nancy L , Yocom Carolyn J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Job analysis studies have become pervasive in professional and occupational licensure. The intent of the National Council's job analysis studies are consistent with the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education, 1985), which state that "Job Analyses provide the primary basis for defining content domain." It is an appropriate methodology to validate licensure examinations. A job analysis study must delineate the content domain in order to measure critical skills and knowledge needed for safe practice. The adequacy of a job analysis study is critically dependent on the data collection instrument. This article describes the systematic process used by one national organization to develop a job analysis data collection instrument in order to ensure the integrity, validity, and defensibility of its examination.
Senior Nursing Students' Self-Reported College Experiences and Gains Toward Liberal Education Goals
Authors: Zaborowska Rita
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this descriptive study is to assess baccalaureate nursing students' self-reported achievements toward liberal education goals in college and university settings and compare them to norms for the general college population by measuring their perceived involvement in campus life and activities. At the end of the spring semester, senior nursing students from 11 nursing programs in the Midwest filled out the College Student Experience Questionnaire, developed by Pace (1984), which measures the effort students put into liberal education goals. Nursing students reported high involvement in academic activities, but little involvement in other types of experiences in the college; they reported significant progress toward academic goals like intellectual skills, but less progress toward liberal education goals like art, literature, and music. Nursing students were very similar to other college students (except for students in selective Uberai arts colleges) in reported involvement in activities and made similar progress toward liberal education goals.
Cooperative Learning and Feminist Pedagogy-A Model for Classroom Instruction in Nursing Education
Authors: Beck Sharon E
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article reports on a research study conducted as part of a doctoral dissertation on the development of a cooperative learning teaching model in nursing education. The subjects for the study were a convenience sample of registered nurses who were pursuing a baccalaureate degree in nursing at an urban university. Principles of feminist pedagogy were incorporated as part of the cooperative learning model. The teacher/researcher taught two sections of the same course and, through the use of action research, developed a model for using cooperative learning strategies as the primary teaching modality. End of class and end of semester evaluations provided feedback that suggested that this was an exciting and effective alternative to traditional classroom teaching.
Community-Based Research: A Tool for Community Empowerment and Student Learning
Authors: Kelley Barbara R
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Teaching Nursing Research is most often done close to the end of the student's educational experience. This article describes Northeastern University College of Nursing's experience using community-based research projects as a method of teaching nursing concepts and skills to beginning nursing students. By using Paulo Freire's model of Community Empowerment, a group of inner-city teens developed a drug awareness manual that is used to teach elementary school students about drugs and drug use. Through this model, students also learn that healthcare is a partnership among individuals, communities and professionals.
Curriculum Revolution: Realities of Change
Authors: Rentschler Dorothy Devine , Spegman Adele Mattinat
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

This article describes the experience of a generic nursing baccalaureate program's shift from a Tylerian model to a humanistic-educative model. A shift to a humanisticeducative model required a change hi views, beliefs, and values of education and nursing practice. Kuhn's (1962) model for paradigm shift is used as a framework for presenting the stages of change which occurred, beginning with considerations to change the old curriculum model and continuing through implementation of the new. The issues which surfaced during implementation are presented. The struggles and realities of change are discussed in terms of how they affected and influenced this department of nursing's move to a new paradigm.
Students Practice Essential Components of Community Health Nursing in Home Health Care
Authors: Bradley Patricia J
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Because home health differs from community health nursing, using home health agencies as clinical sites to teach community health nursing may be inappropriate. This retrospective descriptive study compared the perceptions of students who took community health before it included a home health placement with those whose course included home health. Mailed surveys were returned from 28(63.6%) of the 44 students enrolled prior to the home health placements and from 30(60%) of the 50 students enrolled afterwards. Students whose experience included home health rated the home visit experience significantly better in terms of providing them an opportunity to perform health promotion and to care for family as client. They found the course more relevant, felt safer in making home visits, and were more likely to consider working in community health nursing. This study supports using home health agencies as clinical placements for community health nursing if they are supplemented with aggregate-level experiences.
An Approach to Defining and Operationalizing Critical Thinking
Authors: Jacobs Phyllis M , Ott Barbara , Sullivan Betty , Ulrich Yvonne , Short Lois
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The faculty in a midwestern university confronted the imperative to define and measure critical tninking in the nursing undergraduate curriculum. Theoretical and operational definitions were developed by faculty through literature review, extensive discussion, student participation, and evaluation. These activities also led to the generation of a list of indicators to assess the presence of critical thinking. Through the process faculty have developed a deeper understanding of critical thinking and fostered students' critical thinking abilities.
A Comparison of Critical Thinking Abilities Between Accelerated and Traditional Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Pepa Carole A , Brown Janet M , Alverson Elise M
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Critical thinking is an outcome expected of all nursing graduates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of an accelerated nursing curriculum on students' abilities to think critically. The Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) was used to measure the critical thinking ability of the student nurses. The sample consisted of two groups of BSN students: traditional (n=45) and accelerated (n=43). Both groups completed the WGCTA at the beginning and end of their nursing course sequence. Findings revealed a significant difference between the test scores of the two groups at the beginning of the curriculum (f=- 2.42) but no significant difference at the end (t=- 1.76). Findings also revealed significant differences in preand post-curriculum test scores of traditional students (i=-2.84) but no difference for accelerated students (t- 1.65). Findings have implications for BSN program development.
Spiral Processes of Becoming: Women's Experiences Within the Context of Doctoral Education
Authors: Gray D Patricia , Grams Kathryn , Kosowski Margaret , Dorman Regina , Pless Betsy , Davis Sheila , Sims Glenda
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore women's experiences of being a doctoral student. We report on interviews from 11 women, 8 of whom were Caucasian and 3 of whom were African- American. Participants in the study described their experiences as doctoral students in ways that reflected a spiraling process of becoming. This process included experiences of confidence, support and self-discovery. This research has implications for nursing faculty and women engaged in doctoral education as well as for women who anticipate entering doctoral programs.
Decision-Making Task Complexity: Model Development and Initial Testing
Authors: Lewis Marsha L
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Preparing skilled decision-makers requires an understanding of the decision-making tasks nurses face. This article presents the development and initial testing of a model of decision-making task complexity in nursing. The Decision-Making Task Complexity Model has its roots in Newell and Simon's (1972) Information Processing Theory. The Model includes two components, content and context, along with five characteristics in each component. The content component of the model was initially tested using a single sample repeated measures design. Case study examples of a weaning task in critical care were developed to include all combinations of the four independent variables: irrelevance, ambiguity, conflict, and change. Forty-one registered critical care nurses rated each case study example on a scale from 1 (least complex) to 7 (most complex). Results indicated that when conflict was manipulated the ratings were consistently higher. Implications for nursing education and the development of decision-making skills are described.
Development of Strategies to Identify the Learning Needs of Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: Kelly Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Meeting the learning needs of nursing students today requires a shift in paradigms and the use of multimethods of teaching. This article describes case-control research undertaken to measure the effects of learning strategies on the final grades of first semester junior level, baccalaureate nursing students. The strategies used and how the students learned to use the strategies are presented. Research results did not provide statistical significance because of the small sample size. However, several trends related to ethnicity, student age, and the content of nursing courses were found. These findings suggest the need for further nursing education research in the areas of information processing and the use of learning strategies within academic and clinical settings.
Perceived Level and Sources of Stress in University Professional Schools
Authors: Beck Deborah L , Hackett Margaret B , Srivastava Rani , McKim Edna , Rockwell Beverley
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of level and sources of stress in students of two baccalaureate nursing programs, to compare these groups in their perceived stress and to compare the nursing groups to those enrolled in other health-related disciplines: Medicine, Pharmacy and Social Work. The study was descriptive correlational in design. The sample consisted of 552 full-time university students enrolled in years 2, 3 and 4 of their programs in selected disciplines. Data were collected by means of a queetionnaire consisting of three main instruments; the Beck-Sri vastava Stress Inventory (BSSI), the General Health Questionnaire 30-item version (GHQ-30) and a demographic profile. Data were analyzed using the SPSSx Statistical Package and included analysis of variance, frequency distribution, measures of correlation, item analysis and factor analysis. The results revealed that baccalaureate nursing students, regardless of year in program or university of attendance, experienced higher levels of stress and higher levels of physiological and psychological symptoms than students in other health-related disciplines. Identified stressors among the disciplines are also reported in the article.
Nursing Students' Stress During the Initial Clinical Experience
Authors: Admi Hanna
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this exploratory longitudinal study was to identify nursing students' perceptions of stress in their initial clinical experiences in a hospital setting. Guided by the relational view of stress, a Nursing Student's Stress Scale (NSSS) was developed to include six subscales: adequate knowledge, close supervision, averse sights, causing pain, insufficient resources, and reality conflict. The NSSS was administered three times during the clinical experience to 46 nursing students. Results showed significant differences between the students' preclinical expected stress levels and the actual levels of stress in the clinical setting. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the findings are discussed. Nurse educators are encouraged to acknowledge students' perceptions of stressful situations as a basis for stress reduction intervention. Students must first cope with their own stress in the clinical reality before being expected to deal with patients' stress.