bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric Status and Feeding Practices of Infants (0 - 12months) in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: C. A.  UGBE A. D. OGUIZU
Published: August 2024

Background: Infant nutrition is an integral part of infant health. Infant feeding practices are feeding options and activities undertaken by mothers/caregivers to meet the infant’s nutritional needs. Objectives: This study assessed the anthropometric status and feeding practices of infants (0-12months) in Awka, Anambra State. Methods: A cross sectional survey design was adopted. The population of the study were all the mothers with infants (0-12months). Data collection was done using a closed ended questionnaire. Recumbent length was measured using an infantometer and reading was taken to the nearest 0.1cm. Weight was taken using bathroom weighing scale and measurement was taken to the nearest 0.1kg. WHO-Anthro was used to assess the anthropometric status of the infants. In the classification of knowledge questions, correct response was assigned the value of one while zero was given to the wrong responses. The knowledge and attitude score was derived from the summation of the individual question scores, while the percentage knowledge score was obtained by dividing the knowledge score by the number of knowledge items. Knowledge was graded thus: poor knowledge (≤ 39.9), fair knowledge (40.0-69.9), while good knowledge (≥ 70.0). Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation) were used for analysis. The Significant difference was judged at p<0.05. Results: About 42.1% of the infants were between 6-9months. The result revealed that many of the nursing mothers (65.5%) who participated in the study had good knowledge on practice of breastfeeding and continued breastfeeding at one year. About 10.3% of the infants were stunted, while 1.8% infants were severely stunted. Males (11.3%) were more stunted than females (9.7%). About 10.3% of the infants were underweight, while 1.8% were severely underweight. Males (11.3%) were more underweight than females (9.7%). The study also showed that 22.4% of infants were overweight, 5.5% infants had possible risk of overweight. Conclusion: Although many of the mothers had good knowledge and attitude on infant feeding practices, some of the mothers practiced early cessation of breast milk, early as well as late introduction of complementary foods.
Degradation of Government Officials’ Compliance in Implementing Administrative Courts Decisions
Authors: Kurniawan Basuki , Anggono Bayu Dwi , Madril Oce , Efendi A’an
Published: August 2024

This article aims to explore the degradation of government officials’ compliance in implementing state administrative court decisions. The data used as the basis for analysis is obtained through empirical juridical research with a socio-legal approach through observation, interviews and documentation. The results found in this article are that there is a degradation of compliance of government officials in implementing Administrative courts decisions due to a lack of awareness in obeying the rule of law. Improvements to the state administrative court law need to be implemented so that there are sanctions that can have a deterrent effect on government officials who do not comply with Administrative courts decisions.
METODOLOGIAS E CLASSIFICAÇÃO DAS PESQUISAS CIENTÍFICAS
Authors: Guerra Avaetê de Lunetta e Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

As pesquisas científicas desempenham um papel crucial na expansão do conhecimento em diversas áreas do saber. Para garantir a eficácia dessas pesquisas, é imprescindível a utilização de metodologias apropriadas, classificadas de acordo com seus objetivos e abordagens. É fundamental compreender as variadas metodologias, bem como suas justificativas e contribuições teóricas e práticas, dentro desse contexto. O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir as metodologias e classificações das pesquisas científicas, destacando os diferentes tipos de pesquisa existentes e suas características distintivas. Compreender as diferentes abordagens metodológicas e classificações de pesquisa é fundamental para os pesquisadores, pois isso permite a escolha da melhor estratégia para investigar um determinado problema científico. A metodologia adotada para a realização do presente artigo é a pesquisa bibliográfica, etapa fundamental em qualquer trabalho acadêmico ou científico. Ela consiste na busca, seleção e análise de fontes de informação relevantes para o tema em questão. As fontes utilizadas são livros, artigos, teses, dissertações, relatórios técnicos, entre outros. Conclui-se que as metodologias e classificações das pesquisas científicas desempenham um papel fundamental na qualidade e relevância dos estudos realizados. Ao adotar uma abordagem rigorosa e sistemática em seus trabalhos, os pesquisadores podem superar as limitações da pesquisa e contribuir de forma significativa para o avanço do conhecimento em suas áreas de atuação.
Fluxos econômico-ecológicos de Sistemas Agroflorestais Sucessionais na Serra dos Tapes (SAFST), Rio Grande do Sul / Economic-ecological flows of Successional Agroforestry Systems in Serra dos Tapes (SAFST), Rio Grande do Sul / Flujos económico-ecológicos de Sistemas Agroforestales Sucesionales en la Serra dos Tapes (SAFST), Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Tessmer Santin Fátima Giovana , Mello da Silva Bruno Nicanor , De Oliveira Fernandes Lúcio André
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste estudo é conhecer os fluxos econômico-ecológicos dos Sistemas Agroflorestais Sucessionais (SAFS) em agroecossistemas agroecológicos na região da Serra dos Tapes (RS). Para isso foi utilizado o método LUME: Avaliação Econômico-Ecológica de Agroecossistemas desenvolvido pela Assessoria e Serviços a Projetos em Agricultura Alternativa (AS-PTA), a partir de suas experiências acumuladas desde 1989. Este método fornece um aparato teórico-metodológico e analítico de modelo misto (quali-quantitativo). Com esta ferramenta, foram estudados três agroecossistemas agroecológicos que produzem em SAFS há mais de 10 anos. Dentre os principais resultados foi observado que os mesmos movimentam até 126 fluxos econômico-ecológicos e que os Sistemas Agroflorestais Sucessionais da Serra dos Tapes (SAFST) são subsistemas em expansão, apresentando capacidade e diversificação produtiva. Conclui-se que os SAFST são multifuncionais, ou seja, cumprem sua função primária de produzir alimentos, além de aumentar a biodiversidade e melhorar a condição socioeconômica dos locais estudados, fomentando mercados territoriais e sendo uma importante ferramenta para a reprodução ampliada da vida no contexto da agricultura familiar agroecológica desta região.
Impactos territoriais e a instalação de projetos eólicos na comunidade tradicional pesqueira de Enxu Queimado (Pedra Grande/RN): transição energética ou uma nova fronteira para a acumulação do capital? /Territorial impacts and the installation of wind projects in the traditional fishing community of Enxu Queimado (Pedra Grande/RN): energy transition or a new frontier for capital accumulation? / Impactos territoriales e instalación de proyectos eólicos en la tradicional comunidad pesquera de Enxu Queimado (Pedra Grande/RN): ¿transición energética o nueva frontera para la acumulación de capital?
Authors: Izá Pereira Lorena , Moura Vital Miriam , Oliveira da Fonseca Roberta
Published: August 2024

A transição energética é a principal política do Brasil no contexto de adaptação e mitigação das mudanças do clima, sobretudo a partir da instalação de projetos de energia eólica. Todavia, ao mesmo tempo, a transição energética é utilizada como uma estratégia de diversificação dos portfólios de investimentos de corporações transnacionais, resultando em impactos territoriais para as comunidades territorializadas nas proximidades destes projetos energéticos. O objetivo deste artigo é debater sobre como a transição energética resulta em impactos territoriais na comunidade tradicional pesqueira de Enxu Queimado, localizada no município de Pedra Grande, no litoral do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para atingir este objetivo foram utilizadas metodologias quantitativas e qualitativas, incluindo a realização de trabalhos de campo na comunidade no ano de 2023. Com a pesquisa é possível concluir que a transição energética a partir do modelo de geração de energia centralizado tem sido efetivada a partir da violação de direitos territoriais de comunidades tradicionais, configurando a questão agrária. A questão posta é: transição energética ou uma nova fronteira para a expansão do capital?
Espacialização e dinâmica temporal dos Sistemas Orgânicos de Produção Agropecuária no Brasil / The spatialization and temporary dynamics of Organic Systems of Agriculture and Livestock Production in Brazil / Espacialización y dinámica temporal de los Sistemas Orgánicos de Producción Agropecuaria en Brasil
Authors: Finatto Roberto Antônio , Márcio Freitas Eduardo  , Jóice Konrad
Published: August 2024

Os sistemas orgânicos de produção agropecuária estão ganhando cada vez mais espaço no campo e no mercado. Isso é resultado da necessidade de alternativas à produção agropecuária convencional, caracterizada, entre outros aspectos, pelo seu elevado impacto ambiental. Assim, nas últimas décadas, o setor privado, as instituições públicas e a sociedade civil (movimentos sociais populares, ONGs, associações, coletivos, entre outros) passaram a desenvolver sistemas de produção fortemente amparados em princípios ecológicos. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar a caracterização da produção orgânica no país, com destaque para a sua evolução e espacialização. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório com o intuito de revelar a distribuição da produção orgânica no território. A pesquisa foi realizada com base na revisão de literatura e na análise dos dados do Cadastro Nacional de Produtores Orgânicos (CNPO), fornecidos pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária (MAPA). O número de produtores orgânicos, entre 2013 e 2023, apresentou um aumento de quase 400%, com predomínio da certificação por auditoria entre os mecanismos de avaliação da conformidade orgânica. As regiões Sul, Nordeste e Norte, em 2023, possuíam o maior número de produtores. Apesar do avanço, a pandemia de Covid-19 e a recente desestruturação das políticas públicas para o setor têm impactado nas tendências até então identificadas no cenário da produção orgânica brasileira.
Credit Card Fraud Detection System using Machine Learning
Authors: Naik Saurav , Dahale Aarth
Published: August 2024

The global danger posed by credit card fraud to financial institutions and customers makes the development of strong fraud detection systems imperative. In this study, we suggest a novel method for detecting credit card fraud that makes use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and synthetic data generation. Inadequate feature representations and unbalanced datasets are common problems for traditional fraud detection algorithms. We use synthetic data generation techniques to build a balanced dataset that accurately represents the intricacies of fraudulent transactions in order to overcome these difficulties.
Navigating the Legal Landscape: Addressing Regulatory Ambiguities and Policy Imperatives in Nigeria's Energy Transition
Authors: Magaji B.
Published: August 2024

As Nigeria endeavors to transition its energy landscape towards sustainability, the efficacy of this transformation is significantly influenced by the legal framework governing the sector. This paper, titled "Navigating the Legal Landscape: Addressing Regulatory Ambiguities and Policy Imperatives in Nigeria's Energy Transition," provides a comprehensive analysis of the legal challenges inherent in Nigeria's pursuit of a cleaner and more diversified energy future. The paper contextualizes Nigeria's energy transition within the global discourse on renewable energy adoption and decarbonization, emphasizing the nation's aspirations juxtaposed with its continued reliance on conventional energy sources. A focal point of the analysis is the identification and exploration of regulatory ambiguities that impede the seamless execution of energy policies. Issues such as unclear licensing procedures, inconsistent regulatory enforcement, and jurisdictional conflicts are scrutinized through case studies, offering insights into their tangible impacts on energy projects and investment dynamics. Furthermore, the paper critically assesses existing policy frameworks governing renewable energy, energy efficiency, and emissions reduction. It evaluates their effectiveness in promoting sustainable practices and identifies areas where policy imperatives require enhancement. Special attention is given to the alignment of policies with the broader socioeconomic goals of the energy transition, ensuring inclusivity and equitable access to clean energy. Drawing on comparative legal analysis and lessons from global best practices, the paper proposes actionable recommendations to mitigate regulatory ambiguities and strengthen policy imperatives. These recommendations encompass legislative reforms, institutional capacity-building strategies, and stakeholder engagement initiatives aimed at fostering a conducive environment for sustainable energy development. In conclusion, the paper underscores the pivotal role of a well-defined legal framework in steering Nigeria's energy transition. It highlights the urgency of addressing regulatory challenges and enhancing policy coherence to facilitate innovation, attract investment, and propel the nation towards a resilient and inclusive energy future.
ADVOKASI, KULIAH WHATAPPS (KULWAP) DAN GERAKAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU BERISIKO COVID-19 DI RW 02 DESA INDRAJAYA KECAMATAN SUKARATU KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA TAHUN 2021
Authors: Yudi S Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Data Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) tahun 2015 menunjukkan sekitar 1,13 miliar orang di dunia menyandang hipertensi. Berdasarkan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018, prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia telah mencapai 34,1% dari populasi penduduk Indonesia. Jika dibandingkan dengan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013, prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 25,8 persen. Artinya kasus hipertensi di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan sekitar 9,7% dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun. Pada umumnya hipertensi tidak menimbulkan gejala atau keluhan pada penderitanya. Peningkatan darah diatas normal atau kronis (dalam jangka waktu lama) sulit diketahui sehingga cara untuk mengetahui hipertensi yaitu dengan mengukur tekanan darah secara teratur. Di masa pandemi Covid-19 ini, kelompok komorbiditas sangat rentan tertular Covid-19 sehingga diperlukan perlindungan ganda dengan mencegah dan mengendalikan penyakit penyertanya juga melakukan pencegahan Covid-19 dengan protokol kesehatan. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk melakukan edukasi kesehatan kuliah whatapps (kulwap) dan gerakan masyarakat dalam pencegahan perilaku berisiko covid-19 di RW 02 Desa Indrajaya Kecamatan Sukaratu Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Tahun 2021.
Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berupa pembuatan media, mengedukasi kesehatan masyarakat terutama masyarakat masyarakat dan kepala sekolah di RT 01 RW 05 Kedusunan III Desa Sukamulya Kecamatan Singaparna Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Tahun 2022. Sasarannya adalah masyarakat di RW 02 Desa Indrajaya.
Terdapat 3 rencana kegiatan dalam mengintervensi masalah yang meliputi advokasi kesehatan, kuliah whatsapp (kulwap) dan gerakan masyarakat dengan sasaran kegiatan ini yang juga adalah penduduk di RW 02 Desa Indrajaya. Adapun hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan diantaranya : 1) Pelaksanaan advokasi di RW 02 Desa Indrajaya, Kecamatan Sukaratu terlaksana dengan lancar dengan sasaran advokasi adalah pemangku kebijakan Desa Indrajaya tentang prioritas masalah di RW 02 Desa Indrajaya yang ditindaklanjuti dengan dikeluarkannya surat himbauan tentang pencegahan dan pengendalian hipertensi di masa pandemi Covid-19. 2) Pelaksanaan kuliah whatsapp (kulwap) terlaksana dengan baik. Adanya antusiasme Kader Posyandu Bongkor RW 02 dalam kulwap dan dengan hasil akhir berupa peningkatan pengetahuan kader setelah diberikan materi yang diketahui melalui pengisian pre dan post test. 3) Pelaksanaan gerakan masyarakat sesuai rencana yang merupakan tindak lanjut dari bina suasana dengan menyebarkan media kesehatan masyarakat kepada Ketua RT.
Diharapkan aktif dalam melakukan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan berpartisipasi dalam gerakan program-program sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit komorbiditas Covid-19.
Darién
Authors: Ortiz Víctor
Published: August 2024

Durante el siglo XIX, las expediciones científicas financiadas por instituciones y gobiernos europeos contribuyeron a la expansión del conocimiento, transformando de esta forma una mejor comprensión del mundo. Ejemplo de ello serían los aportes de Alexander Von Humboldt en América. Estas expediciones exploraron la diversidad geográfica y riquezas recopilándose datos sobre los recursos naturales. Pero más allá del aspecto técnico, se elaboraron documentos que registrarían las riquezas geográficas y naturales además de la diversidad étnico culturales, que, aunque para el caso concreto del Istmo de Panamá, se centraron en la posible construcción de un canal interoceánico.
Propuesta para el análisis de una conversación social
Authors: Gibbs Aura Esther
Published: August 2024

La propuesta para el análisis de una conversación social pretende demostrar la riqueza lingüística y comunicativa que tiene una pareja de esposos de la tercera edad de un nivel sociocultural bajo, es decir, gente humilde, con poco estudio, solo el primario. En la conversación analizada se aplican las teorías y reglas para el análisis conversacional propuestas por reconocidos lingüistas, filósofos y comunicólogos como Peter Trudgill (1978); Verderber (2000); Berlo (1980), Kent Bach y Robert Harnish (1979), Herbert Grice; Harvey Sacks, Emmanuel Schegloff y Gail Jefferson (1974), Lars Andersson (1990) y Teun van Dijk (2000). Se presenta la conversación completa para que se pueda apreciar los registros, la riqueza lingüística, los elementos de la comunicación, las características de las reglas conversacionales, los principios o máximas de Grice, de las cuales solo se cumplió con la máxima de calidad y los de Bach y Harnish, se aprecia que se cumple con la de moralidad, y a veces con el de urbanidad, sistema de trascripción dramática; en el modelo de la asignación de turnos se cumplen solo con dos, los elementos del tema en la conversación, se observa que hay una mezcla en la estructura del discurso; se utilizaron pocos marcadores discursivos y en el uso de tacos o blasfemias predominaron los expletivos.
„Deutschland darf sich nicht überregulieren“
Authors: Deglow Hans-Jürgen
Published: August 2024

Markus Mischko sieht die Tiefkühlbranche auf einem guten Weg beim Thema Reformulierung – und pocht auf Rezepturfreiheit.
Krabbenbrötchen sind teuer wie nie
Authors: Murmann Christoph
Published: August 2024

Der Preis für Nordseekrabben hat sich gegenüber dem vergangenen Jahr verdoppelt. Im März wurde ein historischer Höchststand erreicht. Die Entspannung seitdem ist nur gering und findet bei den Ladenpreisen noch keine Entsprechung.
Gumlink verfolgt ambitionierte Ziele
Authors: Schindler Barbara
Published: August 2024

Das Joint Venture der Stimorol-Erfinder und des größten türkischen Lebensmittelkonzerns entwickelt für seine Kunden maßgeschneiderte Süßwaren-Konzepte.
Sowing the Seeds of Precision: Innovations in Wireless Sensor Networks for Agricultural Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Dey Sreedeep , Das Sreejita
Published: August 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in precision agriculture to provide real-time environmental parameter monitoring that is essential to crop productivity. This study looks at the most current advancements in WSN technology and its application in monitoring vital factors including temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and light intensity in agricultural contexts, with an emphasis on the agricultural region of Bardhaman District, West Bengal, India. For sustainable and long-term sensor network functioning in this area, the study looks into several sensor placement procedures, creative data aggregation strategies, and energy-efficient protocols. To improve data accuracy and decision-making abilities, contemporary analytics techniques like machine learning and data fusion are also used. The results highlight how well WSNs work in Bardhaman District to maximise agricultural sustainability and productivity. The study discusses issues with WSN deployment, like network connectivity and power management, and suggests solutions specific to the region's agricultural environment. The goal of future study is to improve the precision agricultural utility of WSNs even more, with an emphasis on boosting resilience and productivity in farming operations in Bardhaman District.
Benchmarking Large Language Models with a Unified Performance Ranking Metric
Authors: Leon Maikel
Published: August 2024

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs,) such as OpenAI’s GPT, Meta’s LLaMA, and Google’s PaLM, have revolutionized natural language processing and various AI-driven applications. Despite their transformative impact, a standardized metric to compare these models poses a significant challenge for researchers and practitioners. This paper addresses the urgent need for a comprehensive evaluation framework by proposing a novel performance ranking metric. Our metric integrates both qualitative and quantitative assessments to provide a holistic comparison of LLM capabilities. Through rigorous benchmarking, we analyze the strengths and limitations of leading LLMs, offering valuable insights into their relative performance. This study aims to facilitate informed decision-making in model selection and promote advances in developing more robust and efficient language models.
Phytotoxicity of Domestic Effluent Before and After Treatment by Stabilization Ponds
Authors: Silva Ana Millene dos Santos , Figueirêdo Livia Pitombeira de , Araújo Germário Marcos , Aragão Janisi Sales
Published: August 2024

Phytotoxicity tests linked to physicochemical parameters can be used to determine the possible effects of releasing a polluting load into the environment, evaluating the efficiency of a given treatment and its toxicity effects. In this context, the present work sought to evaluate the phytotoxicity of domestic effluent before and after treatment by stabilization ponds, using kale seeds (Brassica oleracea). Toxicity tests were carried out following the methodology of the American Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 1996) at concentrations of 100%, 80%, 40%, 20%, 10%, and 5%. The seeds were incubated in a B.O.D. incubation chamber for five days at a temperature of 25ºC ± 2ºC. After this period, germination and root elongation were analyzed. The samples were also analyzed for biochemical oxygen demand, temperature, pH, turbidity, color, total solids, ammoniacal nitrogen, and organic nitrogen. Phytotoxicity was statistically evaluated by the Relative Growth Index, T-test (p < 0.05) for samples at 100% concentration, and Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn’s test (p < 0.05) to compare the negative control and the different concentrations. As a result, adverse effects of reduced root elongation were observed in samples of raw effluent (100%, 80%, and 20%) and treated effluent (10% and 5%), indicating a tendency toward phytotoxicity. Regarding the physicochemical parameters studied, all were within the established parameters by legislation, and no significant correlation was observed with root elongation. This may indicate the efficiency of stabilization ponds in treating domestic effluents, particularly in reducing phytotoxicity.
Discurso del diputado Dr. Giulio Andreotti Ministro de relaciones exteriores
Authors: Andreotti Giulio
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 456, 1986: 835-840.
Reflexiones sobre la acción del Grupo Contadora
Authors: Pellicer Olga
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 456, 1986: 898-906.
Recensiones
Authors: M. R. R.  , E. C.  , W. P.  , J. T.  , R. C.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 41, No. 456, 1986: 917-925.
Los salvadoreños ante Esquipulas II
Authors: Hernández Arely
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
 
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 466-467, 1987: 571-597.
Julio-agosto
Authors: ECA: Estudios Centroamericanos
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
 
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 466-467, 1987: 621-622.
Recensiones
Authors: A. L.  , R. C.
Published: August 2024

No abstract available.
 
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 466-467, 1987: 623-628.
Student-Centered Method in the Higher Education System of the Kurdistan Region: Soran University as an Example
Authors: Qadir Faqe Ibrahim Saied , Abdullah Abdullah Shamal
Published: August 2024

This study examines the implementation of student-centered learning at Soran University in the Kurdistan Region and identifies factors that limit its adoption. The research emphasizes student involvement in the learning process, shifting the primary responsibility from teachers to students, and assessing the approach's effectiveness. Grounded in John Dewey’s “Learning by Doing” theory, which advocates for learning through activities with active student participation, the study provides a theoretical framework aligned with creating a more participatory learning environment. A structured survey was conducted with 104 teachers from various faculties and departments, focusing on the extent of student-centered practices, faculty attitudes, and organizational constraints. Data analysis through SPSS revealed a moderate adoption of student-centered approaches. However, significant barriers persist, including the continued reliance on traditional teaching methods, large class sizes, limited resources, and insufficient institutional support. These obstacles highlight the challenges educators face in fully embracing student-centered learning. The study notes some progress in implementing student-centered approaches but underscores the need for effective strategies to enhance this implementation at Soran University. Recommendations include providing more faculty training, improving resource allocation, and increasing institutional support to overcome these barriers and maximize the benefits of student-centered learning in higher education.
SIMULASI PERGERAKAN CHESS KNIGHT DALAM PAPAN CATUR
Authors: Hutagalung Dini M
Published: August 2024

Sistem produksi (production system) merupakan salah satu bentuk representasi pengetahuan yang sangat populer dan banyak digunakan. Representasi pengetahuan dengan sistem produksi pada dasarnya berupa aplikasi aturan (rule) yang berupa antecedent, yaitu bagian yang mengekspresikan situasi atau premis dan konsekuen, yaitu bagian yang menyatakan suatu tindakan tertentu atau konklusi yang diterapkan jika suatu situasi atau premis bernilai benar. Setelah menyelesaikan perangkat lunak simulasi pergerakan legal dari chess knight dalam papan catur, Perangkat lunak menggunakan metode pencarian breadth first search (BFS). Karena itu, pencarian akan menemukan semua solusi terpendek. Perangkat lunak merupakan implementasi (penerapan) nyata pohon pelacakan dalam memecahkan suatu permasalahan berdasarkan konsep Artificial Intelligence (AI). Perangkat lunak mensimulasikan semua gerakan dari semua solusi yang ditemukan, sehingga memberikan gambaran yang cukup jelas atas solusi-solusi yang dihasilkan.
 
Kata Kunci    : chess knight, papan catur, breadth first search (BFS).
ANALISIS PEMILIHAN CALON PESERTA OLIMPIADE SAINS DENGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
Authors: Hutagalung Dini M
Published: August 2024

SMA Santo Thomas Medanmerupakan salah satu Sekolah Islam negeri yang setara dengan Sekolah Menengah Atas, dari pengalaman beberapa tahun dalam pemilihan siswa untuk mengikuti olimpiade sains masih berdasarkan nilai pelajaran yang didapat padahal soal-soal olimpiade sains memerlukan faktor-faktor lain diantaranya yaitu tingkat intelligensi dan pengalaman dalam mengikuti olimpiade sains. Maka perlu dirancang suatu sistem pendukung keputusan yang dapat membantu pihak sekolah dalam menentukan siswa yang tepat dalam mengikuti olimpiade sains. Salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), metode ini dipilih karena mampu menyeleksi alternatif terbaik dari sejumlah alternatif, dalam pemilihan calon peserta olimpiade sains berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan. Dengan adanya metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dapat menentukan siswa yang berhak mengikuti olimpiade sains berdasarkan seluruh kriteria penilaian dalam mengikuti olimpiade sains.
 
Kata Kunci    : Olimpiade, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan, SAW
PENGAMANAN PESAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA HILL CIPHER DALAM KEAMANAN KOMPUTER
Authors: Serdano Akbar , Zarlis Muhammad , Sawaluddin Sawaluddin , Hartama Dedy
Published: August 2024

Dalam sebuah pengamanan data atau informasi pastinya memiliki teknik untuk mengamankan data atau informasi. Kriptografi menjadi salah satu teknik dalam enkripsi (merubah informasi menjadi bentuk yang tidak dimengerti)  dan dekripsi (mengembalikan informasi dari bentuk yang tidak dimengerti menjadi informasi aslinya). Ada dua sebutan dalam proses enkripsi dan dekripsi yang digunakan yaitu plainteks merupakan pesan atau informasi asli dan cipherteks yang merupakan hasil dari penyandian. Algortima hill cipher merupakan salah satu bagian dari algoritma kriptografi yang sangat sulit untuk dipecahkan oleh kriptanalis. Dalam algoritma hill cipher proses yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan matriks kunci dan modulo. Setiap karakter yang berada di plainteks maupun cipherteks akan dikonversikan kedalam bentuk angka atau desimal. Enkripsi dilakukan dengan mengalikan matriks kunci dengan matriks plainteks, sedangkan Dekripsi dilakukan dengan mengalikan invers matriks kunci dengan matriks cipherteks. Matriks yang digunakan pada hill cipher adalah matriks persegi, yang dimana memanfaatkan matriks persegi sebagai matriks kunci untuk plainteks dan cipherteks. Plainteks maupun cipherteks yang digunakan berupa angka huruf dan simbol yang dikonversikan sebanyak 29 karakter.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI E-KANTIN BERBASIS MOBILE DAN WEB
Authors: Andri Andri , Robin Robin , Ridho Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan teknologi yang sedang terjadi saat ini adalah Revolusi Industri 4.0 dimana munculnya Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Inteligence (AI) dan berbagai teknologi internet yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan efisiensi pekerjaan pada berbagai sektor industri termasuk pendidikan. STMIK Mikroskil memiliki kantin yang dilengkapi internet WiFi dan pembayaran e-money GoPay. Berbagai fasilitas teknologi yang tersedia belum didukung dengan sistem pemesanan kantin yang baik. Saat ini mahasiswa dan pengunjung lainnya melakukan pemesanan makanan dan minuman masih menggunakan cara konvensional. Hal ini menyebabkan pelayanan yang diberikan dari penyewa stan kepada pengunjung menjadi kurang optimaldan belum adanya laporan daftar transaksi yang membuat pengelola kantin sulit untuk melihat laporan penjualan tiap stan secara periodik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan aplikasi e-kantin untuk memudahkan pemesanan makanan dan minuman dengan mengambil studi kasus pada kantin Mikroskil. Aplikasi yang dibuat berbasis mobile Android untuk diakses oleh pengunjung dan penyewa stan. Sedangkan aplikasi berbasis web digunakan oleh pengelola kantin. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan metodologi waterfall. Pengujian sistem menggunakan metode blackbox. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan fungsionalitas sistem telah berfungsi dengan baik. Aplikasi dapat meningkatkan pelayanan dan kenyamanan kepada pengunjung kantin dan memudahkan pengelola kantin mendapatkan laporan transaksi setiap stan dengan lebih akurat.
Penerapan Fuzzy Mamdani Dengan Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) dan MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) Pada Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai
Authors: Simanjuntak Magdalena
Published: August 2024

Pegawai tidak hanya harus berpenampilan menarik tapi juga harus mempunyai keahlian dalam menyeselesaikan pekerjaan yang di berikan. Didalam Perguruan Tinggi memiliki pegawai yang cakap, pintar dan berwawasan luas. Perguruan tinggi yang berkompeten adalah perguruan tinggi yang memiliki pelayanan pendidikan yang berkompeten bukan hanya dalam pengajaran namun dalam bidang pelayanan administrasi mahasiswa. Dalam Proses Belajar Mengajar  di Perguruan Tinggi, Pegawai mempunyai peran penting dalam kelancaran berjalannya perkuliahan. Misalnya dalam pembuatan Daftar Hadir Perluliahan dan Berita Acara Perkuliahan. Peningkatan pelayanan terhadap mahasiswa tidak terlepas dari kinerja pegawai. Penilaian terhadap kinerja pegawai melalui 3 (tiga) variabel yaitu : Variabel Keahlian, Variabel Disiplin dan Variabel Sikap. Dengan Nilai parameter : Sangat Rendah (SR), Rendah (R), Cukup (C), Baik (B) dan Sangat Baik (SB), dari paramater tersebut akan diketahui hasil Penilaian Kinerja Pegawai.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Price Book Value dengan Return On Asset sebagai Variabel Moderating pada Perusahaan Properti yang Terdaftar di BEI
Authors: Sihombing Monang Juanda Tua
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Terhadap Price Book Value (PBV) dengan Return On Asset (ROA) sebagai Variabel Moderating pada Perusahaan Properti yang Terdaftar di BEI. Objek penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan properti yang terdaftar di BEI. Data diolah dengan menggunakan metode uji Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) dan  Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa CSR secara simultan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PBV. secara parsial CSR berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap PBV. Hasil pengujian variabel moderating dapat disimpulkan bahwa CSR tidak mampu memoderasi hubungan antara PBV terhadap ROA
CASE-BASED REASONING DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN MESIN PADA MOBIL MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA 3W-JACCARD
Authors: Dewandono Angga , Hadikurniawati Wiwien
Published: August 2024

Pada sistem pakar diagnosa kerusakan mesin mobil avanza 2017, diagnosa kerusakan dengan mengetahui jenis kerusakan knowing mobil, karakteristik rusak, kemudian didiagnosis dan diganti solusi dari masalah ini akibat kerusakan mesin mobil avanza 2017. Tidak akan menyebar ke bagian lain atau peralatan listrik, case-based reasoning adalah metode pengumpulan kasus. Kasus sebelumnya hampir sama dengan kasus baru. Data gejala baru disimpan , lalu di analisis, modifikasi, dan gunakan kembali dalam aturan penelurusuran. Dengan cara ini, pengetahuan yang terkandung dalam sistem pakar akan terus didapatkan pembaruan. Metode penalaran berbasis kasus akan dikombinasikan dengan perhitunga kemiripan 3w-jaccard dapat  digunakan untuk mendiagnosis kerusakan dari gejala basis data saja. Setiap bobot nilai memiliki peran yang berbeda, membuat semakin akurat setiap gejala yang dihasilkan memiliki nialai pembobotan untuk setiap gejala, termaksud 5 poin untuk gejala penting, 4 poin gejala penting dan komponen mekanikal dan elektrika, nilai 3 menunjukan gejala sedang, gejala sedang terkait pengereman dan kopling,  nilai 1 gejala umum, gejala normal terkait dengan indikator pada speedometer. Sistem akan menampilkan 5 jenis kerusakan dihitung menggunakan algoritma 3w-jaccard urutkan berdasarkan nilai tertinggi. Hasil akan muncul selama proses peninjauan. Perhitungan kemiripan kurang dari 0,5 karena dianggap hasilnya tidak sangat mirip dengan solusi yang akan di perbaiki dan perlu di tinjau,dan akan masuk ke tabel modifikasi, kemudian ahli akan mencarikan solusisnya.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Keamanan Data Digital Dengan Metode RSA Berbasis Dekstop
Authors: Rezki Riki , Siahaan R. Fanry
Published: August 2024

Ada banyak data digital dan salah satunya adalah file PDF (Portable Document Format) memiliki kelebihannya yaitu  sifatnya yang sangat fleksibel dan kekurangan file (Portable Document Format)  ialah apabila tidak dapat di edit dengan mudah. File  PDF (Portable Document Format) ini dapat dibuka di komputer manapun atau bahkan smartphone tanpa adanya perubahan pada data atau isinya. Namun saat ini telah banyak teknik  agar dapat mengubah isi dari PDF tersebut. Dampak yang terjadi jika dokumen yang menyimpan berbagai informasi atau data rahasia tidak memiliki keamanan terhadap ancaman dari dalam maupun luar akan menimbulkan beberapa dampak, misalnya terganggunya kegiatan operasional, rusaknya reputasi, kerugian finansial, karya cipta, dan kehilangan kepercayaan dari pihak lainnya. Ada banyak teknik dalam mengamankan data agar data tersebut tidak mudah di curi atau dipersalah-gunakan, Kriptografi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari teknik-teknik matematika yang  berhubungan  dengan  aspek  keamanan  informasi, seperti kerahasiaan  data,  keabsahan data, integritas data, serta autentifikasi data. Algoritma RSA (Rivest Shamir Adleman) merupakan algoritma kriptografi kunci-publik yang paling popular untuk  mengamankan  data  digital atau dokumen dengan menerapkan algoritma RSA harus dapat merubah isi yang nantinya akan sulit dimengerti pihak lain agar data tersebut aman.
Sistem Monitoring Serapan Anggaran Belanja Barang Dan Jasa, Menggunakan Metode Rapid Application Development (Rad)
Authors: Mufti Mutthohari Aiddin , Sri Eniyati
Published: August 2024

The Police Academy is in the management of the budget absorption of goods and services, in each work unit and sub-unit under it has a budget absorption to support activities that take place at the Police Academy, from the planning sub-division which manages the budget absorption data at the Police Academy using an offline system where the data is not connected between the work unit staff and the Directorate of Administrative Planning (Bagrenmin) so it takes a long time. Submission of this thesis aims to develop a budget evaluation system at the Police Academy using a web-based application so that it can facilitate operators in processing financial data and facilitate managerial monitoring and evaluation. So that it makes it easier to manage budget absorption data within the Police Academy and shortens the time in processing it. Then the programming language used is php, the framework used is CodeIgniter and the data storage uses a mysql database. This study uses the RAD method in its application it does not take a lot of time so that it can shorten the time in making the system.
Cannabidiol (Epidiolex)
Authors: CADTH
Published: August 2024

Reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses cannabidiol (Epidiolex), 100 mg/mL, oral solution.
Indication: As adjunctive therapy for seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, Dravet syndrome, or tuberous sclerosis complex in patients 2 years of age and older.
Review of Guidelines on Clonidine for Various Indications
Authors: CADTH
Published: August 2024

What Is the Issue?

Clonidine is an antihypertensive medication that has been used for a range of health conditions including hypertension, substance use disorders, menopause, restless leg syndrome, migraines, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Tourette syndrome. The role of clonidine in the treatment of these health conditions is unclear.

What Did We Do?

To inform decisions around the use of clonidine in various health conditions, we sought to identify and summarize recommendations from evidence-based guidelines.
We searched key resources, including journal citation databases, and conducted a focused internet search for relevant evidence published since 2014. One reviewer screened articles for inclusion based on predefined criteria, critically appraised the included guidelines, and narratively summarized the findings.

What Did We Find?

We identified 12 evidence-based guidelines that included recommendations on the use of clonidine. We identified 1 guideline on hypertension, 4 guidelines on substance use disorders, 4 guidelines on menopause, 2 guidelines on restless leg syndrome, and 1 guideline on Tourette syndrome. We did not identify any evidence-based guidelines that included recommendations on the use of clonidine for the treatment of ADHD or migraine prophylaxis.
The included guidelines recommend clonidine for hypertension in pregnant women, management of opioid withdrawal and alcohol withdrawal, and Tourette syndrome.
The recommendations in the guidelines for menopause were mixed. Two guidelines do not recommend clonidine and 2 guidelines recommend clonidine for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms (i.e., hot flashes) of menopause.
One guideline does not recommend the use of clonidine for restless leg syndrome in people who are pregnant or lactating and 1 guideline states that there is insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of clonidine in restless leg syndrome.

What Does It Mean?

The use of clonidine is recommended for some health conditions and is not recommended for others. Due to the inconsistency in recommendations on the use of clonidine for the control of hot flashes in menopause, decision-makers may wish to consider other factors such as patient preferences and availability of other treatment options.
Future evidence-based guidelines that include recommendations on the use of clonidine for the prevention of migraines, treatment of ADHD and the treatment of hypertension in a broader population would help fill the gaps identified in this report.
Sokak Hayvanları Bakım ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezinde Bulunan Köpeklerde Elektrokardiyografi Verilerinin Araştırılması: Sivas İli Örneği
Authors: Koçkaya Mustafa , Özşensoy Yusuf , Alici Şahin
Published: August 2024

Köpekler geniş çevre koşullarında gıda araştırarak zamanlarını geçiren sosyal hayvanlardır. Köpeklerin çevre koşullarından alınarak sınırlandırılmış barınak alanlarında bakılması fiziksel aktivitelerinde azalmaya yol açmaktadır. Köpeklerde fiziksel aktivitenin azalması mental parametrelerin olumsuz etkilenmesine hatta köpeklerde stres şekillenmesine neden olmaktadır. Uzun süreli stres durumlarında oluşan yanıtlar fizyolojik parametreleri etkilemektedir. Fiziksel aktivitenin azalması ve stres kalp fizyolojik parametreleri üzerinde de etkili olmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, barınak koşullarında tutulan köpeklerde elektrokardiyografi (EKG) parametrelerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma kapsamında toplam 20 köpekte EKG verileri alınmış, cinsiyet (dişi ve erkek) ve yaş (3 yaş ve altı ile 3 yaş üstü) şeklinde gruplandırma yapılarak istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırılması Mann-Whitney U testi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dişi ve erkek grupları arasında elektrokardiyografik parametrelerin tamamında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark bulunamamıştır (P>0.05). Yaş grupları arasında Q-T aralığı süresi açısından istatistiksel olarak farklılık bulunurken (P
Influence of Parental Communication with Teachers on Learning Outcomes of Learners with Hearing Impairment in Public Special Primary Schools in Kisumu Central County, Kenya
Authors: Obwaka Catherine Atieno , Kimani Cecilia
Published: August 2024

Numerous research conducted globally have demonstrated a significant correlation between increased parental involvement and improved academic performance in children with hearing impairment. Involving parents is essential for offering assistance and creating an ideal learning environment. This study therefore, examined the influence of parental communication with teachers on the learning outcomes of learners with hearing impairment in public special primary schools in Kisumu Central County, Kenya. The sociocultural theory of learning served as the study foundation, highlighting the influence of social interactions and cultural environment on learning and development. The study utilised a concurrent embedded research design and included a total target population of 673 individuals, comprising of 45 executive members of the Parents Teachers Association (PTA), 550 learners with hearing impairment, 75 teachers and 3 headteachers from public special primary schools in Kisumu County. A sample size of 248 respondents was obtained utilising Krejcie and Morgan table for sampling, 17 PTA executive members of the Parents Teachers Association (PTA), 201 learners with hearing impairments, 27 teachers and 3 headteachers. The PTA executive members and teachers were selected by simple random selection, while the headteachers were picked through the use of purposeful sampling. Learners with hearing impairment were selected through stratified sampling technique basing on grade levels, then followed by a simple random sampling. Structured questionnaires were given to teachers as part of data gathering techniques, and head teachers and PTA members were interviewed. The test-retest reliability technique was utilised to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research instruments. The results showed a Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient of 0.70, which was considered suitable for the study. Quantitative procedures included frequency, mean, and standard deviation, whereas qualitative techniques comprised theme analysis and coding. This dual-method approach gave a comprehensive picture of parental communication, expanding insights and interpreting results. The findings showed that promoting good communication between parents and teachers improves learning outcomes for hearing-impaired learners, emphasising the importance of confidence, support and inclusion in offering fair educational opportunities. The recommendations included techniques for strengthening communication practices to assist the educational growth of learners with hearing impairments.
The Impact of Stress and Loneliness on Cyberloafing of Health Workers in Malawi: The Moderating Role of Age
Authors: Pangani Jacqueline , Munyenyembe Benson
Published: August 2024

Employee intensification of internet use within working hours on personal endeavours other than work (cyberloafing) continues to harm productivity. Drawing from the General Strain Theory and the Social Resources Theory, the current study thus sought to explore the psychological and social factors that induce cyber-loafing among health workers in Malawi. The study had three main aims. First, to examine the impact of stress on the cyberloafing of health workers. Second, to examine the impact of loneliness on the cyberloafing of health workers. Third, to examine the moderating role of age in the stress and cyberloafing as well as loneliness and cyberloafing relationships. The study adopted a quantitative research design targeting health care workers in Malawi. The data was collected using a cross-sectional approach from a sample size of 210 health workers using online questionnaire. The collected data was analysed using the linear regression technique in the tool SPSS version 26. The direct effect results of the study indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between stress of the health workers and cyber-loafing (B=0.230, p<0.5). The direct effect results of the study also indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between loneliness of the health workers and cyber-loafing (B=0.324, p<0.5). In terms of moderating effect, the findings revealed a significant interaction term of stress and age on cyberloafing (B=-0.187, p<0.05) implying that age weakens the positive relationship between stress and cyberloafing. The moderating effect results also revealed a significant interaction term of loneliness and age on cyberloafing (B=-0.152, p<0.05) implying that age weakens the positive relationship between loneliness and cyberloafing. The paper confirms that stress and loneliness are strong triggers of cyber-loafing among health workers but that these triggers have a much stronger effect on younger employees compared to older employees. These findings offer important pointers for the need for hospital management to come up with stress management as well as social connectivity programs that would reduce stress and loneliness, thereby reducing cyber-loafing.