bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Truth, correspondence theory of
Authors: Rasmussen Joshua
Published: February 2023

The correspondence theory in its simplest form says that truth is a connection to reality. To be true is to accurately describe – in other words, match, picture, depict, express, conform to, agree with or correspond to – the real world or parts of it. For example, the proposition that a cat is on a mat is true if a real cat is on a real mat. Otherwise, that proposition fails to be true. In general, the truth of a proposition is sensitive to how real things are. In short, truth connects to reality.

There are different ways to articulate the connection between true things and the reality they describe. Some theories, for example, treat the connection as a structural relation that ties constituents of a true thing to constituents of the world. Other theories treat the connection as a nonstructural correlation between true things and the world. This difference between structural and correlation theories depends on one’s theories of three components: true things, real things described by the true things, and the correspondence between true things and real things. All versions of the correspondence theory arise from theories of these components.

A principle advantage of a correspondence theory is that it accounts for the apparent correlation between the aspects of reality and the truth-value of a proposition. When the cat is on the mat, the proposition that the cat is on the mat is true. If the cat gets off the mat, that proposition is not true. Therefore, a change in the cat correlates with a change in the proposition. Why? The correspondence theory predicts this correlation by analysing truth as a connection to reality.

A principle challenge, on the other hand, is to understand the nature of the connection. There are metaphysical and epistemological worries. On the metaphysical side, there is the worry that a correspondence relation is intolerably mysterious. Correspondence is not analysable in terms of familiar physical relations, like distance or force. So what is correspondence? Some philosophers worry that by analysing truth as correspondence you exchange the mystery of truth for a greater mystery. On the epistemology side, there is the worry that you could never know whether a proposition corresponds with things beyond your head, since you can’t get outside your head to see things as they are. The worry here is that you cannot know whether any proposition is true if truth requires correspondence.

Another challenge arises from alleged counterexamples. It is true that there are no hobbits. Yet, it is unclear how a true proposition about what is not real could correspond to something that is real.

A common response to the challenges involves developing theories of the components involved. For example, there are structural accounts of correspondence designed to remove the metaphysical and epistemological mysteries. Moreover, there are accounts of negative facts, which serve as correspondents for negative truths.
Causation, further themes
Authors: Fernandes Alison
Published: February 2023

Recent work in the philosophy of causation has explored a number of issues relating to the objectivity of causation, including the place of causation in metaphysics and science, its temporal asymmetry, and whether causation is context-sensitive.

Regarding the place of causation, some have argued that causation is fundamental, such that the most basic level of reality is structured in causal terms (Tooley). Others take causation to be a higher-level phenomenon, and either attempt to derive causal relations from more basic noncausal relations (Lewis) or accept that causal relations are irreducible (Woodward). Others still take a more sceptical approach, and question the need for giving a metaphysics of causation (Price). How one conceives of causation’s place has implications for both the relation between fundamental physics and higher-level sciences, as well as the relation between science and metaphysics.

Regarding the temporal asymmetry of causation, a characteristic feature of causation is that causes come prior in time to their effects. We might accept this temporal asymmetry as a ‘metaphysical primitive’ – a basic feature of causation not to be further explained. But some, particularly those defending reductive accounts (Lewis, Loewer), have attempted to explain causation’s temporal asymmetry by relating it to other temporal asymmetries, such as those of evidence or entropy. While most accept that explanations of causation’s temporal asymmetry must appeal to special initial conditions, there is debate over what kind of initial conditions are required.

Finally, counterfactual accounts of causation seem able to recover much of what one might want from an account of causation. But it is unclear whether such accounts agree (or can be made to agree) with our intuitive causal judgements about core cases. Some remain sceptical that any counterfactual account of causation can succeed. Others have taken putative counterexamples to show that causation is context-sensitive, such that broadly pragmatic concerns are relevant to whether causal claims are either true or appropriate.
Vagueness
Authors: Mahtani Anna
Published: February 2023

In ordinary conversation, we describe all sorts of different things as vague: you can have vague plans, vague ideas and vague aches and pains. In philosophy of language, in contrast, it is parts of language – words, expressions and so on – that are said to be vague. One classic example of a vague term is the word ‘heap’. A single grain clearly does not make a heap, and a million grains (when arranged in the right way) does make a heap, but where exactly does the boundary lie? How many grains do you need to make a heap? There seems to be no precise answer to this question, and because the term is imprecise in this way, we call it vague.

Vague terms are extremely common in natural language. The term ‘bald’ is vague, because there is no precise number of hairs that mark the boundary between ‘bald’ and ‘not bald’; the term ‘hot’ is vague because there is no precise temperature that something must reach to count as hot – and so on. As we have seen, adjectives can be vague, but so can nouns, adverbs and perhaps all parts of language. To find terms which are precise rather than vague, we need to look to the languages of logic and mathematics.

We can use vague terms to construct paradoxes known as sorites paradoxes. From an obviously true premise, such as that a collection of 1 million grains (in a certain arrangement) is a heap, together with the claim that ‘heap’ has no sharp boundary, we can derive the absurd conclusion that just 1 grain counts as a heap. Any theory of vagueness must offer some solution to this paradox. Some of the most popular theories of vagueness include supervaluationism, the degree theory of truth and the epistemic theory, and many of the available theories demand a radical rethink of classical accounts of logic and language.
Gradient estimates for a nonlinear elliptic equation on a smooth metric measure space
Authors: Wang Xiaoshan , Cao Linfen
Published: February 2023

Let (M, g, e −f dv) be a smooth metric measure space. We consider local gradient estimates for positive solutions to the following elliptic equation ∆ f u + au log u + bu = 0 where a, b are two real constants and f be a smooth function defined on M. As an application, we obtain a Liouville type result for such equation in the case a < 0 under the m-dimensions Bakry-Émery Ricci curvature.
Once in a Season – The Pragmatic Function of Fuck in “BoJack Horseman” TV Show
Authors: Grobelna Barbara
Published: February 2023

This article investigates the use and pragmatic functions of the swear word fuck in the “BoJack Horseman” produced by Netflix and bridges the gap in the linguistic research on this particular TV show. Incorporating corpus linguistics tools, the BoJack Horseman Corpus was compiled and the lemma fuck has been investigated and analysed from the multimodal perspective. It occurs six times, just once per every season of the show, every time when the interlocutor expresses strong emotions, usually towards the eponymous character. The use of a swear word provides a vent for anger, disappointment, or surprise and creates an extralinguistic narrative frame, due to its economic use by the writers of the show.
Critical Discourse Analysis of the RIA Novosti News
Authors: Hui Lü , Yuanyuan Zhang
Published: February 2023

This study is situated within corpus-based discourse analysis and provides a critical discussion on China in the Russian mainstream media RIA Novosti during the COVID-19 epidemic. The paper analyzes RIA Novosti’s reports on China during the pandemic COVID-19. The authors use Fairclough’s Three-Dimensional Model to explore the discourse representations of RIA Novosti’s reports on China during the epidemic and thus uncover the attitudes and stances of the Russian media and social cognition. The authors come to conclusion that RIA Novosti shows great concern about China during the pandemic by focusing on the epidemic itself and its impact. Additionally, Russian reports reflect the stages of China’s fight against the pandemic objectively, truthfully, and comprehensively. RIA Novosti holds a positive attitude towards China’s efforts to fight the epidemic. The study broadens the perspective of academic study of COVID-19 pandemic coverage in China from foreign media and enriches empirical research in Russian.
Encryption and Decryption of Morse Code Using Arduino
Authors: Soma Vineeth Kumar , Swamy K.C.T , Naresh V. , Aquib S. Mohammed , Wahaz S. Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Morse code is a telecommunication method that represents alphabets and numbers in the form of dots and dahs. Dot means data represented in dots and dahs means represented in dashes. It is a method that was used in the 1800s. As days are changing and many communication methods are updating day by day. So Morse code became an old method new methods are used but Morse code still is used in minor places. There are different methods and different technologies for Morse code conversion. We are using Arduino here. Nowadays Arduino has become a trending new technology. It is used almost in every department and every technology because of its speed and accuracy. We aim to use new technology but not forget old methods. Now our project is using Morse code which is an old method of telecommunication with current trending technology i.e. Arduino. Here we are using Arduino to change text normal messages to Morse code and Morse code into normal messages. That conversion of text into Morse code is called Encryption and Morse to text is called Decryption. Arduino is a type of Morse is a type of microcontroller that uses a physical kit and programming. For that, we created programming in embedded C language and made conversions. Also, we mainly aim this project for military applications for the transfer of data between them as this is a reliable means of communication. Overall this project represents both conversion models, how they work and some results with some conclusions and applications.
Isplata dividende i udjela u dobiti fizičkim osobama rezidentima
Authors: Vudrić Nenad , Genzić Jasna , Vađon Ivana
Published: February 2023

Ostvarena dobit može ostati neraspoređena na stavci zadržane dobiti ili se može pozicionirati prema specifičnoj namjeri. Ako ne postoje nikakva ograničenja iz Zakona o trgovačkim društvima (ZTD-a), dobit se može isplatiti. Članovi društva kojima se dobit isplaćuje mogu biti pravne ili fizičke osobe, rezidenti i nerezidenti. Na praktičnim primjerima u ovome radu prikazana je isplata dobiti fizičkim osobama rezidentima.
Analiza nominalnih kriterija konvergencije za uvođenje eura u Republici Hrvatskoj (stanje pred uvođenje eura 1. siječnja 2023.)
Authors: Petravić Damir
Published: February 2023

Rad analizira završnu ocjenu nominalnih kriterija konvergencije koji podrazumijevanju stabilnost cijena, javne financije, stabilnost deviznog tečaja i dugoročne kamatne stope pred uvođenje eura kao službene valute 1. siječnja 2023. u Republici Hrvatskoj i analizu nominalnih kriterija zemalja članica europodručja. Rad je zamišljen i kao prilog uvodnom razmatranju problematike maastrichtskih kriterija u svjetlu pretpostavke da oni u potpunosti ne udovoljavaju konačnoj ocjeni je li neka zemlja kandidat za ulazak u europodručje (odnosno je li spremna ili nije spremna za uvođenje eura). Cilj je također da rad posluži kao prilog razmatranju pretpostavke onih kritičara koji smatraju da je uvođenje eura pretežito politički projekt. Također, rad nastoji ocijeniti konačno stanje konvergencije Republike Hrvatske pred uvođenje eura 1. siječnja 2023.
IMPACT OF SEASONAL CHANGES IN FRESHWATER PHYTOPLANKTON AND ZOOPLANKTON BIODIVERSITY AT VALANKULAM LAKE, COIMBATORE DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: MOHAN Bala , PRIYADARSHINEE Sheela , KALPANA Ramaswamy , BHAVAN Periyakali Saravana
Published: February 2023

The plankton communities are important source of food for the aquatic organisms, and if any undesirable changes in aquatic environment may affect plankton diversity and density. Therefore, assessment of planktonic communities in the freshwater ecosystems is essential because they serve as bio-indicators of water quality parameters. Hence, the present research was focused to evaluate the freshwater phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity and their abundance in Valankulam Lake (Lat. 10.59° N and Long. 76.57° E), at Coimbatore city, Tamil Nadu, India. Results from the study revealed that a total of 77 species of phytoplankton and zooplankton were recorded, under 37 families and 46 genera. In addition to that, a total of 43 phytoplankton species were recorded under 25 families and 30 genera, (which includes; 15 species of Cyanophyceae, 17 species of Chlorophyceae, 08 species of Bacillariophyceae, 03 species of Euglenophyceae). and a total of 34 species of zooplankton were recorded under 12 families and 17 genera, (which includes 13 species of Rotifera, 09 species of Cladocera, 08 species of Copepoda and 04 species of Ostracoda). The maximum plankton diversity was observed during the monsoon season and the minimum in the summer season. Results from study revealed the ecological status of the lake is categorized as moderately polluted due to the presence of municipal waste and industrial discharges into the lake water. Therefore, the assessment of planktonic communities in water bodies will be useful to monitor and maintain the water quality parameters and wealth of aquatic biota in the aquatic ecosystem.
Genotipo polimórfico del gen MAOA y comportamiento antisocial en adolescentes y adultos varones.
Authors: Jara-Ortega Paul , Jara-Crespo Fabian , Jara-Ortega Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Estudios han demostrado la relación entre polimorfismos del gen MAOA y el desarrollo de comportamiento antisocial, pues varones con polimorfismos de baja actividad (MAOA-L), son más susceptibles a desarrollar comportamientos violentos que los varones con polimorfismos de alta actividad (MAOA-H). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar la literatura científica disponible, sobre la relación del genotipo polimórfico de MAOA y el desarrollo de comportamiento antisocial en varones, considerando el ambiente, como modulador genotípico. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica. Se seleccionaron artículos cuya muestra fuesen adolescentes y adultos varones con polimorfismos del gen MAOA. Se omitieron estudios en mujeres, revisiones, datos no publicados y modelos animales. Se analizaron 12 artículos: 10 estudios (83.4%) concluyeron que el genotipo MAOA-L más adversidades en la infancia, factores psicosociales o alcoholismo, tenían mayor riesgo de desarrollar comportamientos antisociales, 1 estudio (8.3%) concluyó que, el genotipo MAOA-H, asociado al consumo exagerado de alcohol y abuso durante la infancia, poseían mayor riesgo de cometer delitos y 1 estudio (8.3%), sugirió la inexistente relación entre el genotipo MAOA-SNPs y la violencia. Se concluye que, los varones con MAOA-L asociado a factores ambientales poseen mayor susceptibilidad de desarrollar comportamiento antisocial que los que poseen el genotipo MAOA-H.
Concordance of self-reporting of diabetes compared with medical records: A comparative study using polyclinic data in Singapore
Authors: Tan Khai Wei , Lew Jeremy Kaiwei , Lee Poay Sian Sabrina , Ong Sin Kee , Koh Hui Li , Young Doris Yee Ling , Lee Eng Sing
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Studies of concordance between patients’ self-report of diseases and a criterion standard (e.g. chart review) are usually conducted in epidemiological studies to evaluate the agreement of self-reported data for use in public health research. To our knowledge, there are no published studies on concordance for highly prevalent chronic diseases such as diabetes and pre-diabetes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the concordance between patients’ self-report and their medical records of diabetes and pre-diabetes diagnoses, and to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance.
Method: A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted on patients with chronic diseases after obtaining written consent to assess their medical notes. Interviewers were blinded to the participants’ profiles. Concordance was evaluated using Cohen’s kappa (κ). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with diabetes concordance.
Results: There was substantial agreement between self-reported and medical records of diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.76) and fair agreement for pre-diabetes diagnoses (κ=0.36). The logistic regression model suggested that non-Chinese patients had higher odds of diabetes concordance than Chinese patients (odds ratio [OR]=4.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.19–14.13, P=0.03). Patients with 3 or more chronic diseases (i.e. multimorbidity) had lower odds of diabetes concordance than patients without multimorbidity (OR=0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.48, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Diabetes concordance was substantial, supporting the use of self-report of diabetes by patients with chronic diseases in the primary care setting for future research. Pre-diabetes concordance was fair and may have important clinical implications. Further studies to explore and improve health literacy and patient-physician communication are needed.

Keywords: Concordance, diabetes, multimorbidity, primary care, self-reported data
A Case Report of Endovascular Stenting in Salmonella Mycotic Aneurysm: A Successful Procedure in an Immunocompromised Patient
Authors: Kam Ming Hian , Toh Lim Kai , Tan Seck Guan , Wong Daniel , Chia Kok Hoong
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Mycotic aneurysms are associated with high mortality rates and are managed in the local setting with extra-anatomical bypass followed by ligation, exclusion and debridement of the aneurysm. This is the first case of successful endovascular stenting in an immunocompromised patient with Salmonella mycotic aneurysm.

Clinical Picture: A middle-aged man who was HIV positive had Salmonella septicaemia. He developed abdominal pain 5 days after admission and a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen revealed infrarenal aortitis. He developed a mycotic aneurysm 3 weeks later.

Treatment: He opted for endovascular stenting and after prolonged antibiotic therapy and negative blood cultures, he underwent the procedure using a
TalentTM stent, with an iliac extension.

Outcome: He was discharged 1 week after stenting and maintained on oral bactrim based on sensitivity. At 1-year follow-up, he remains well symptomatically and CT scan showed no endoleak or collection.

Conclusion: Endovascular stenting, though a fairly new procedure, can be successfully deployed even in a mycotic aneurysm in the right setting.

Key words: Aortitis, Aortic aneurysm, Endovascular stenting, Salmonella enteriditis
Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of the Live Attenuated Combined Measles, Mumps and Rubella Vaccine Containing the RIT 4385 Mumps Strain in Healthy Singaporean Children
Authors: Lim Fong Seng , Han Htay Htay , Bock Hans L
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) are viral infections causing significant mortality and morbidity for which effective and safe vaccines are available. The safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a combined MMR vaccine when administered to healthy Singaporean children were evaluated in this study.

Materials and Methods: A total of 150 children aged 12 to 18 months were vaccinated in this open, single-group, single-centre study [209762/147]. Solicited local and general symptoms reported within 4 days of vaccination and fever, parotid/salivary gland swelling and signs of meningism in the 43 days following vaccination were recorded using diary cards. Serious adverse events occurring during the study period were monitored. Immunogenicity was assessed at 42 days post-vaccination.

Results: Redness (8.7%) and pain (7.2%) at injection site were the most commonly reported solicited local symptoms during the 4-day follow-up period after vaccination. Percentage of subjects reporting drowsiness, irritability and loss of appetite during the 4-day follow-up after vaccination was 7.2%, 8% and 7.2%, respectively. None of the solicited symptoms reported during the 4-day follow-up period was of grade “3” intensity. Fever (42.8%) was the most commonly reported solicited general symptom, with 5.1% of the children reporting fever >39.0°C (axillary). No serious adverse events considered to be related to vaccination were reported. Seroconversion rates were 100% for measles and rubella antibodies and 98.1% for mumps antibodies.

Conclusions: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals’ MMR vaccine was shown to be well tolerated and highly immunogenic when used in Singaporean children 12 to 18 months of age.

Key words: MMR, Priorix
Trends in Mortality from Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Coronary Care Unit
Authors: Ting Peter , Chua Terrance SJ , Wong Aaron , Sim Ling Ling , Tan Virlynn WD , Koh Tian Hai
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has evolved greatly over the past few decades. We compared the mortality and complication rates of patients with AMI admitted to the Coronary Care Unit (CCU) in 2002 to previously reported data.

Materials and Methods: All data for AMI patients admitted to National Heart Centre CCU in 2002 were collected through the Singapore Cardiac Data Bank, including demographics, inhospital complications and mortality. These were compared to previous reports from the same institution in 1988, 1975 and 1967.

Results: A total of 516 cases with AMI were identified. A higher proportion of patients were aged ≥70 years in 2002 (31.8%) compared to 1988 (25%), 1975 (11%) and 1967 (5.6%). Acute percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 250 of 516 (48%) patients in 2002. The overall in-patient and age-standardised mortality was 14.7% and 10% respectively, compared to 20.6% and 17% respectively in 1988 (P = 0.06). For the 250 patients who underwent acute PTCA, overall mortality was 5.2% compared to 24% in those who did not (P <0.001). Common in-hospital complications included heart failure (38%), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (8%), atrial fibrillation (8%) and complete heart block (6%). Age, heart failure, bundle branch block and sustained ventricular tachycardia were associated with higher mortality by univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, older age, heart failure and the absence of percutaneous intervention were independently associated with higher mortality.

Conclusion: In-hospital mortality for AMI patients admitted to the CCU declined from 1988 to 2002 despite a higher proportion of elderly patients. The introduction of new therapies including drugs and percutaneous intervention may have contributed to this decline.

Key words: Primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PT Garuda Indonesia (PERSERO) Tbk Stock (GIAA) Fair Value Valuation Post Restructuring and Relisting on IDX
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, Mufty Farhannov , Sumirat Erman ,   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, Darmansyah Asep ,   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

The financial difficulties experienced by PT. Garuda Indonesia, characterized by its inability to meet its obligations to several creditors, resulted in the temporary delisting of its shares from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) on June 18, 2021. This situation was further exacerbated by the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, which led to a decline in revenue due to a decrease in passenger numbers and air traffic. Garuda Indonesia initiated a restructuring effort through the Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU) route with a number of creditors. This resulted in an extension of the payment terms, a conversion of debt to equity, and a modification of the debt structure. The company also implemented improvements to its operational practices aimed at reducing costs. These efforts have produced positive outcomes, including an increase in equity and a decrease in the company’s liabilities.Top of FormBottom of Form Garuda Indonesia also increased the company’s capital through Additional Capital with Pre-emptive Rights (PMHMETD), Additional Capital without Pre-emptive Rights (PMTHMETD) and investment from the government of the Republic of Indonesia through State Investment (PNM). After completing the restructuring process, Garuda Indonesia (GIAA) shares were free from suspension and were able to return to the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) with an initial price of Rp.204. This study was conducted to determine the fair value of GIAA shares upon their return to IDX in early January 2023. The study utilized two methods: the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method and the Relative Valuation method. The DCF method resulted in a fair value of Rp. 165.3 for the shares, implying that the initial issuance value was overvalued by 18.97%. The Relative Valuation method EV/sales ratio, yielded a fair value of Rp. 929 for the shares, suggesting that the current issuance value was undervalued by 355%.
Scenario Planning Development in Facing Future Challenge for Power Rental Industry (Case Study: SM Company)
Authors:   Department Magister Business Administration, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, H A Bagas Pryambodo , Hermawan Pri ,   Department Magister Business Administration, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Published: February 2023

The diesel power rental industry is currently in an energy transition period. Policy changes in reducing the use of non-renewable fuels are factors that can reduce customer demand. Several policies, such as the Paris agreement, followed by a general plan for electricity supply, then a general plan for national energy that focuses on increasing the use of renewable energy encourages the shift from fossil fuels to renewable sources. These factors will affect the electricity rental industry which still uses fossil fuels. Scenario planning is chosen to provide possible scenarios that may occur in the future by carrying out an analysis of implications & options. This scenario can provide an initial danger signal to be used as an indicator of movement in an industry which will help companies to act and choose the best strategy going forward. Scenario planning is used as a tool for strategic thinking that can be integrated into corporate strategic planning. The semi-structural interview qualitative method was used to collect both primary and secondary data. Supporting analysis of both external factors such as Pestle & Porters Generic Strategies as well as internal resource-competencies was carried out to determine what factors affect uncertainty in the industry, in overcoming future uncertainties scenario planning carried out in this study. The strategic recommendations that were presented have the potential to assist in the future alignment of the company’s strategy.
Analysis of Optimal Solid Waste Recycling Policy: Evidence from U.S. Using Panel Data
Authors: Baffoe-Bonnie John Baffoe-Bonnie , Ezeala-Harrison Fidel
Published: February 2023

Abstract

We analyze how implementation of a market-based program of optimal recycling can be pursued and used to promote environmental quality. Presently in the U.S. economy, due to the relatively low private monetary costs of solid waste disposal, households and firms have little or no incentive to undertake recycling. As a result, most current recycling programs are apt to yield less than efficient outcomes. The paper offers a model for achieving an optimal level of recycling, and applies a combination of time-series and cross-sectional data to analyze and verify the potentials of an optimal recycling policy initiative toward an enhanced environmental management.

JEL classification numbers: C33, Q24, Q28.
Keywords: Recycling rate, Fixed and Random effects, Endogenous variables, Sample selection bias.
Rare Evolution of a Trichilemmal Cyst: A New Observation of Carcinomatous Degeneration
Authors:   ENT Department and Head and Neck Surgery, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, Tunisia, Youssef Aymen Ben
Published: February 2023

The trichilemmal cyst, also called the hair cyst, is an infrequent adnexal tumor that derives from the isthmic portion of the hair follicle. It is an oftensolitary tumor with preferential localization of the scalp. Its evolution is generally benign. Malignant cases are very rare and sometimes aggressive. Only about fifty cases are reported in the literature. We report a new observation of carcinomatous degeneration illustrating the difficulty of the therapeutic management of this aggressive form. It was a 55-year-old patient with no significant pathological antecedents who, since 2012, has had voluminous and numerous scalp swelling, slow and indolent evolution. The management was surgical with excision of 13 cysts initially. Pathological examination showed an appearance consistent with proliferative trichilemma cysts without evidence of malignancy. The patient had a recurrence of cystic lesions after five years. She was reoperated with excision of three cysts whose histopathological examination showed a well-differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma developed on one of the cysts. We decided on a surgical revision with extensive excision of the tumor followed by recovery by a sliding flap and rotation. The evolution was favorable with a follow-up of two years. The main take away of our case is the locally aggressive character of this malignant form which necessitate an extensive surgical excision, thus posing the problem of reconstruction.
Libertas quae sera tamen
Authors: Carvalho do Carmo Mirella , Portolomeos Andréa
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo, pretendemos refletir acerca dos desdobramentos das memórias da infância mineira que constituem a obra Menino Antigo (1973), de Drummond. Para tanto, trabalharemos com a ideia de um “sujeito lírico fora de si” (COLLOT, 2004) – que se distancia da concepção defendida pela tradição da lírica moderna (FRIEDRICH, 1978) –, discutindo uma reconfiguração da categoria do sujeito lírico na pós-modernidade. Nesse sentido, investigaremos a “liberdade, ainda que tardia” do eu cartesiano que, pela poesia contemporânea, consegue expandir-se e reconhecer-se nos outros e como um outro, isto é, como um sujeito atravessado por identidades múltiplas. Assim, temos as rememorações do eu lírico drummondiano dando existência ao mundo de Minas no século XX (CANDIDO, 2000) e também um mundo mineiro cantado por um poeta aberto à alteridade, o que problematiza a concepção tradicional de “mineiridade”. Nesse viés, analisaremos poemas da obra Menino Antigo para percebermos a representação da(s) infância(s) mineira(s) nessa lírica. Ademais, discutiremos as memórias plurais de uma Minas também plural, pois que enunciada por um poeta multíplice, que retoma o seu passado e o de seu grupo social no presente da enunciação poética, reelaborando-o e fazendo-o ecoar pela voz de um eu que já é um outro.
Шахс маданий савияси тушунчасининг мазмуни ва таркибий элементлари
Authors: Сохибова Лола
Published: February 2023

Мазкур мақолада шахс маданий савияси ва маданий савия тушунчасининг мазмуни ва таркибий элементларига илмий ёндашувлар таҳлил  қилинган. Шахс маданий савиясининг таркибий элементлари туркумига миллий ва умуминсоний қадриятлардан хабардорлик даражаси, инсоният томонидан асрлар давомида шакллантирилган инсонпарварлик ғояларидан воқифлик меъёри, ижтимоий ва касбий билимларни ўзлаштирганлиги даражаси кириши фалсафий жиҳатдан таҳлил қилинган.
Давлат ҳокимияти вакиллик органи фаолиятида сиёсий партияларнинг ўрнини такомиллаштиришга оид илмий-назарий ва ҳуқуқий таҳлил
Authors: Беков Ихтиёр
Published: February 2023

Парламент фаолиятида сиёсий партияларнинг ўрнини ошириш ва уларнинг фаолият доирасини кенгайтириш муҳим аҳамият касб этади. Сабаби, аввало, депутатларнинг кўпчилик қисми сиёсий партиялар тақдим этган номзодлардан ташкил топган. Шу билан биргаликда, давлат вакиллик органи фракциялари ҳам ўз электоратларининг манфаатлари ва уларнинг эҳтиёж ҳамда талабларига мувофиқ иш олиб бориши халқчил қонун лойиҳаларини ишлаб чиқиш ва уларни татбиқ этишга имкон беради. Шуни таъкидлаш жоизки, аҳолининг талаб ва истакларини эшитиб, муносиб жавоб бериш ҳамда аҳоли билан биргаликда ижтимоий соҳалардаги бир қатор муаммоларни ҳал этиш сиёсий партиялар ва уларнинг парламентдаги фракциялари фаолиятига нисбатан муносабатини яхши томонга ўзгартиради, ҳурматини оширади. Мазкур мақолада, парламент соҳасида сиёсий партияларнинг ижтимоий-сиёсий ҳаётдаги ролини ошириш, уларнинг табиатини миллий ва хорижий амалиёт билан биргаликда таҳлил қилиш орқали муаммоларни аниқлаш ва уларга нисбатан муайян таклифлар бериш кўзда тутилган.
Jinoyat protsessida oqlov hukmi: nazariy asoslar va huquqni qo‘llash amaliyoti
Authors: Mamataliyeva Shaхnoza
Published: February 2023

Maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida oqlov hukmining huquqiy mohiyati tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, muallif oqlov hukmi - bu sud-huquqni qo‘llashning protsessual akti bo‘lib, unga asos bo‘lgan voqelikning ob’yektiv va sub’yektiv dalillariga huquqiy baho berish natijasida ayblanuvchining aniqlanmagan aybi yoki aybsizligini aniqlaydi, degan xulosaga keldi. Reabilitatsiya to‘g‘risidagi qoidalarni qo‘llash uchun asos bo‘ladi. Ushbu ta’rif oqlov hukmining mohiyati va uning huquqni qo‘llash amaliyoti uchun ahamiyati haqidagi umumiy nazariy g‘oyalarning rivojlanishini belgilaydi. Oqlov hukmining eng muhim xususiyati qonuniylikdir. Jinoyat ishining hal etilishini belgilovchi holat - ayblov xulosasining isbotlanmaganligi - haqiqiy holatlarga to‘g‘ri kelgan taqdirda, oqlov hukmi asosli deb hisoblanishi kerak. Oqlash - bu huquqni muhofaza qilish tizimi vakili bo‘lgan davlat shaxsni jinoiy javobgarlikka tortishdan bosh tortadigan va unga qo‘yilgan ayblovlarning asossizligini tan oladigan harakat. Oqlash huquqiy hujjat sifatida oqlangan shaxsga nisbatan reabilitatsiya chora-tadbirlarini qo‘llash uchun asos bo‘lib, ijtimoiy nuqtai nazardan qaraganda, huquqlari g‘ayriqonuniy ravishda buzilgan shaxsning obro‘-e’tibori tiklanganidan dalolat beradi degan xulosaga kelgan.
Effect of Training on Employee Performance at PT. Mars Lestari Palembang
Authors: Maharani Saskia , Halin Hamid , Alie Juhaini
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of training on the performance of employees of PT Mars Lestari Palembang. The data in this study were obtained through interviews and questionnaires. The research method used in this research is simple linear regression analysis. The results of the study prove that job training (X) has a significant positive effect on employee performance (Y). This research is expected to help companies to improve employee performance through training
Method Development And Validation Of Ubrogepant In Bulk And Pharmaceutical Dosage Form By Using Rp-Hplc
Authors: A.Venkata Suresh Babu , Hemant Kumar Sharma
Published: February 2023

The current investigation was pointed at developing and progressively validating novel, simple, responsive and stable RP-HPLC method for the measurement of active pharmaceutical ingredients of Ubrogepant and their related substances. A simple, selective, validated and well-defined stability that shows gradient RP-HPLC methodology for the quantitative determination of Ubrogepant. The chromatographic strategy utilized Column of Dikma Diamsil (4.6 x 150mm, 3mm), using isocratic elution with a mobile phase of 0.1 percent orthophosphoric acid and Acetonitrile (70:30). A flow rate of 1 ml/min and a detector wavelength of 283 nm utilizing the 2487 Uv detector was given in the instrumental settings. Using the impurity-spiked solution, the chromatographic approach was streamlined. Validation of the proposed method was carried out according to an international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. LOD and LOQ for the two active ingredients and their impurities were established with respect to test concentration. The calibration charts plotted were linear with a regression coefficient of R2=0.999, which means the linearity was within the limit. Recovery, specificity, linearity, accuracy, robustness, ruggedness was determined as a part of method validation and the results were found to be within the acceptable range. The proposed method to be fast, simple, feasible and affordable in RS condition. During stability tests, it can be used for routine analysis of production samples and to verify the quality of drug samples during stability studies.
Secure Withdrawal From Atm Using Biometric Fingerprint
Authors: Princy Gupta , Somya Garg , Dr.Jagbeer Singh
Published: February 2023

Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are a very convenient way to withdraw money wherever you are ATMs are in high demand because users rely heavily on their ATMs. But if someone has access to us, they can easily access our bank accounts. The only solution for ATM security is a 6-digit PIN. There are still many vulnerabilities that criminals can use to fraud customer data. To avoid such thievery and fraud, the actual creator embedded in the smart card A biometric identification system, and a database server are integrated. Under biometrics, we've got iris recognition, face recognition, and fingerprint recognition. By using these techniques, your account will be easily accessible and no one will be able to withdraw your funds illegally. This is designed to provide better security for ATMs. It is hoped that this method will minimize ATM fraud and allow customers to use their ATMs more safely. Based on previous implementations and test results, we are accustomed to improving the efficiency of fingerprint ATM scanner feature update speed, and the security framework has passed the test. The cause of this painting is to grow surety and safety and cast off the use of Automated Teller Machine credit score and debit cards.
Sustainability Of Start-Ups During Pandemic: An Analytical Study In Reference Of Indian Perspective
Authors: Dr. Sangeet Vashishtha
Published: February 2023

Every growing country needs a pattern of industry development with cumulative growth year on year, every government tries to establish the industries for the development of the country but it requires lots of initiative and efforts, for this they need the energetic mind of entrepreneurship thinking. As India is having a huge consumer market with great potential of industry development, Indian conditions are most appropriate for the start-ups with various factors. Indian start-ups entrepreneurship sector has shown a great impact on country economic growth since last few years, this contribution to the Indian economy is still sustained. Though Indian economy is a promising economy & Indian government is looking for 3 trillion economies in near future but what about the start-ups economic health after pandemic of COVID 19, Is it still promising or there is any effect. This research paper is focused on the analysis of economic health of start-ups before & after of COVID 19. The research objective is to identify the condition of existing start-ups & the initiation of new ventures. The Exploratory research method is used for in-depth research of said objectives.
AS PRINCIPAIS DIVISÕES DA FILOSOFIA: UM RESUMO PARA ESTUDANTES
Authors: Rueda Neto Eduardo
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo, de caráter mais pedagógico do que científico, tem como objetivo fornecer aos estudantes de Filosofia uma apresentação panorâmica e concisa das principais divisões da Filosofia. Sem nenhuma pretensão de aprofundamento, antes visando justamente à simplicidade, o texto — à maneira de um pequeno ensaio de natureza mais descritiva do que opinativa — foi planejado com o propósito de facilitar ao estudante um resumo útil que permita uma introdução ou complementação de seus estudos e o instigue à posterior ampliação dos horizontes do tema. No trajeto percorrido, verificou-se que a Filosofia é uma área extremamente ampla, que abarca, em sua gênese, todos os ramos do conhecimento, de modo que defini-la ou segmentá-la não constitui tarefa de pouca dificuldade. Entretanto, constatou-se que sua divisão em Metafísica, Epistemologia, Axiologia e Lógica é suficiente para fornecer um arcabouço conceitual em que se abriguem e se encaixem os conceitos com os quais lida a Filosofia.
Snare Guiding Technique in Bifurcated Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm with Severely Tortuous Iliac Artery Access: A Case Report
Authors: Hariyono Dedy Chandra , Hayuningrat Prima Kharisma , Utomo Arif Prasetyo , Yarsa Kristanto Yuli , Ismail Darmawan
Published: February 2023

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has gained acceptance as a viable alternative to open surgical treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We report the use of snare guiding wire in bifurcated EVAR case with severely tortuous femoral access. A 63-year-old man referred to the hospital from another facility with complaints of pulsating mass in right iliac and umbilical region for the last 2 years. He was then admitted to the cardiac catheterization lab for EVAR under general anaesthetic. Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), also known as an endoprosthesis, is a stent-graft device-guided therapy for a AAA. This procedure is a safer choice for individuals who are elderly or have pulmonary, cardiac, or renal problems. Tortuous iliac arteries might obstruct device delivery during EVAR. The Snare Guiding Wire approach might be an alternate method for EVAR to treat AAA if conventional cannulation is difficult or impossible in individuals with highly tortuous iliac access.
Simultaneous Appearance of Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy and Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Ooi Say Ting , Che Omar Nor Anita , Yaakub Azhany
Published: February 2023

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is uncommon among Asian population. It is frequently associated with sight threatening complications. Simultaneous bilateral ocular involvement with different pathology is uncommon. We would like to highlight a rare case of GCA that was presented with transient visual loss over the right eye with simultaneous onset of central retinal artery occlusion as well as arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in both eyes. High dose intravenous methylprednisolone then subsequently maintenance dose of oral steroid and oral aspirin were given. His visual acuity remained the same after treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment of GCA is crucial. Visual outcome can be devastating if treatment is delayed.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Kader Posyandu Tentang Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simpang Kawat Kota Jambi
Authors: Gustina Gustina
Published: February 2023

The important role of Posyandu cadres as the front guard in providing services to thecommunity through Posyandu. Posyandu cadres are people who are chosen, willing, capable, andhave the time and care for basic social services for the community. Therefore, training for Posyanducadres is an effort to increase the capacity and capability of Posyandu cadres.Activities at the Posyandu are aimed, among others, to monitor the weight growth of childrenunder five using the Card Towards Healthy (KMS), provide nutritional counseling, and providebasic nutrition and health services, which are closely related to stunting. The intervention effortsmade by the Ministry of Health, point 4, to monitor the growth of children under five at posyanduare very strategic efforts to detect early growth disorders.Stunting is a problem because it is associated with an increased risk of illness and death,suboptimal brain development so that motor development is delayed and mental growth is inhibited.Several studies have shown the risk caused by stunting, namely decreased academic achievement,increased risk of obesity, more susceptibility to non-communicable diseases and an increased risk ofdegenerative diseases.This community service is to provide education in an effort to increase posyandu cadres'knowledge about stunting. The method used is the pretest and posttest evaluation. The results andconclusions were that there was an increase in the knowledge of posyandu cadres after healtheducation was carried out on stunting.
Pelatihan Support Sistem SD Inklusi di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Tirtoni Feri , Andhiarini Rugaya Meis , Astutik Ika Ratna Indra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of implementing the community partnership program at SDN Wedi Gedangan is training in the Covid 19 pandemic support system through the use of the smart psychological test application and the design of an inclusive smart bag design to solve problems in partner schools. This is a manifestation of the Tri Dharma of higher education organized by Sidoarjo Muhammadiyah University. Some of the things that are being done are a series of activities to support the system for the inclusion program that is currently running at the school. In the first part we explain about a prototype Smart Survival Bag Inclusion which is still an initial design. The design of this bag is equipped with a barcode which has the function of helping other people in the vicinity to provide assistance if inclusive students need it, starting from the home address menu, the telephone contact menu that can be contacted, a GPS tracking device that can be installed on an Android cellphone, so that parents are not again has a heavy burden to teach their children to be independent when outside the home. The bag is also designed to have a seat that can be folded on the back of the bag. In the second session we explained the support system that can be used to carry out psychological tests on new students, both inclusion and regular through an online application during the Covid pandemic, which required everything to be systemized online, from registration to testing new students later. the application of using this application is quite easy for teachers to map students' IQs, so that potential students can be identified earlier, and this application can be accessed online and can be configured on the school's website later.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Petani Jeruk di Kecamatan Gunung Raya Melalui Penyuluhan Penggunaan Pupuk
Authors: Varina Firna , Harimurti Sri , Rusnani Rusnani , Sophia Sophia , Dewi Ratna
Published: February 2023

Gunung Raya District, Kerinci Regency, has grown to become one of the centers of oranges production in Jambi Province. In general, oranges farmers in Gunung Raya District, use inorganic fertilizers continuously for a long period of time, so that it can cause soil fertility to be disturbed. Counseling on the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers on oranges plants needs to be carried out so that the availability of complete and balanced nutrients in farmland can be maintained, the productivity of oranges did not decrease. With the implementation of this activity, it was hoped that the knowledge of farmers about balanced fertilization on oranges plants and applying it to their farms could increase the production of oranges in Gunung Raya District.