bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Older Adults’ Acceptance of a Virtual Reality Group Intervention in Nursing Homes: Pre-Post Study Under Naturalistic Conditions
Authors: Li Yijun , Shiyanov Irina , Muschalla Beate
Published: October 2024

Background

Virtual reality (VR) group activities can act as interventions against inactivity and lack of meaningful activities in nursing homes. The acceptance of VR among older adults has been explored from different perspectives. However, research on the impact of older adults’ individual characteristics on the acceptance of VR group activities in nursing homes is necessary.

Objective

This study investigates the impact of individual characteristics (eg, psychosocial capacities) on VR acceptance among older adults in nursing homes, as well as this group’s perceptions of VR after participating in a VR intervention.

Methods

In this pre-post study conducted in nursing homes, we applied a VR group intervention with 113 older adult participants. These participants were categorized into two groups based on their naturalistic choice to join the intervention: a higher VR acceptance group (n=90) and a lower VR acceptance group (n=23). We compared the two groups with respect to their sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial capacities, and attitudes toward new technologies. Additionally, we examined the participants’ perceptions of VR.

Results

The results show that those with lower acceptance of VR initially reported higher capacities in organizing daily activities and stronger interpersonal relationships compared to older adults with higher VR acceptance. The VR group activity might hold limited significance for the latter group, but it offers the chance to activate older adults with lower proactivity. Openness to new technology was associated with a favorable perception of VR. After the VR intervention, the acceptance of VR remained high.

Conclusions

This study investigates the acceptance of VR group events as meaningful activities for older adults in nursing homes under naturalistic conditions. The results indicate that the VR group intervention effectively addressed low proactivity and interpersonal relationship issues among older adults in nursing homes. Older adults should be encouraged to experience VR if the opportunity to participate is offered, potentially facilitated by caregivers or trusted individuals.
Practical Aspects of Using Large Language Models to Screen Abstracts for Cardiovascular Drug Development: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ronquillo Jay G , Ye Jamie , Gorman Donal , Lemeshow Adina R , Watt Stephen J
Published: October 2024

Cardiovascular drug development requires synthesizing relevant literature about indications, mechanisms, biomarkers, and outcomes. This short study investigates the performance, cost, and prompt engineering trade-offs of 3 large language models accelerating the literature screening process for cardiovascular drug development applications.
Benefits and Harms of Coronary Revascularization in Non–Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Patel Dipal M. , Wilson Lisa M. , Wilson Renee F. , Yang Xuhao , Gharibani Troy , Robinson Karen A.
Published: October 2024

Key Points

In people with non–dialysis-dependent CKD, revascularization may lower all-cause mortality and risk of cardiovascular events.

Adverse kidney events, which are often cited as a reason to avoid revascularization, were uncommon.

Additional research on the effect of revascularization on patient-reported outcomes in people with non–dialysis-dependent CKD is needed.

Background

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in people with CKD. Coronary revascularization can improve cardiac function and prognosis in people with ischemic heart disease; however, in people with CKD, there is concern that potential harms could outweigh benefits of revascularization. Evidence on the balance of these risks and benefits, specifically in people with non–dialysis-dependent CKD, is lacking.

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials to assess the risks and benefits of revascularization, compared with medical management, among adults or children with ischemic heart disease and CKD not requiring KRT (dialysis or transplantation). We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through December 12, 2023. Two people independently screened titles and abstracts followed by full-text review, serially extracted data using standardized forms, independently assessed risk of bias, and graded the certainty of evidence (COE).

Results

Evaluating data from nine randomized controlled trials, we found that people with CKD and ischemic heart disease treated with revascularization may experience lower all-cause mortality compared with people receiving medical management (risk ratio [RR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.98; COE, low). Revascularization may reduce incidence of myocardial infarction (RR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.04; COE, low) and heart failure (RR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.23; COE, low). The effect on cardiovascular mortality is uncertain (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.20; COE, very low). Evidence was insufficient for patient-reported outcomes and adverse kidney events. Data were limited by heterogeneity of patient populations and the limited number of trials.

Conclusions

In people with non–dialysis-dependent CKD, revascularization may be associated with lower all-cause mortality compared with medical management and may also lower the risk of cardiovascular events. Additional data surrounding kidney and patient-reported outcomes are needed to comprehensively engage in shared decision making and determine optimal treatment strategies for people with CKD and ischemic heart disease.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

CRD42022349820 (PROSPERO).
Ethnoveterinary Practice May be an Alternative to Antibiotics in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Shridhar Dr. N. B.
Published: October 2024

Ethnoveterinary practices in India have their origins in ancient times, characterized by the transmission of indigenous knowledge, beliefs, and skills related to the diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases in both animals and humans. These practices, preserved and refined over generations, have evolved into cost-effective alternatives to conventional medicine, particularly benefiting small-scale farmers. In contemporary veterinary medicine, the integration of ethnoveterinary practices presents a viable strategy for reducing the overreliance on antibiotics. These traditional methods not only support growth and productivity in livestock but also offer effective solutions for the prevention and treatment of common animal diseases. The adoption of such practices holds significant potential in addressing the escalating threat of multidrug-resistant pathogens. Many such plant based remedies are there in veterinary practice that can be used as a preliminary alternative to antibiotic use in primary health care of the animals. However, to fully harness the benefits of ethnoveterinary medicine, further research is needed to validate these practices, including studies on dosage, duration, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity patterns including residual effects as they also do contain potent active principles.
Effect of Nitrogen Management on Microbial Population After Harvest of Maize (Zea mays L.) in typic haplustepts of Rajasthan
Authors: Meena Ramdas , Meena S. C. , Jat Gajanand
Published: October 2024

The field experiment was conducted during the kharif season of 2018-19 at the Instructional Farm (Agronomy) of the Rajasthan College of Agriculture in Udaipur, situated at an altitude of 579.5 meters above sea level, with coordinates 24º34’ latitude and 73º42’ longitude. This region falls under agro-climatic zone IVa (Subhumid Southern Plain and Aravalli Hills) of Rajasthan. The results indicated that the highest populations of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes in the soil were observed under treatment T11, which involved 100% recommended dose of nitrogen from chemical fertilizers combined with 10 tons of FYM per hectare. This was followed by T3 (75% RDN from chemical fertilizers and 25% RDN from poultry manure), T2 (75% RDN from chemical fertilizers and 25% RDN from enriched compost), T4 (75% RDN from chemical fertilizers and 25% RDN from vermicompost), and T12 (100% RDN from chemical fertilizers), consistent across both years and in the pooled analysis.
Contribución para la reinterpretación del concepto de diseño arquitectónico de la gran calzada de Teotihuacán
Authors: Flores Niño de Rivera Enrique
Published: October 2024

El enfoque de esta investigación es una primicia en cuanto al análisis de la concepción y diseño arquitectónico de la gran calzada –eje rector de la gran ciudad–, cuyo objetivo y fundamento difiere con respecto a la de muchos estudiosos, que siguen nombrando La Calzada de los Muertos. Tal concepción fue retomada por fray Bernardino de Sahagún y fray Juan de Torquemada, cronistas del siglo XVI, así como de mitos y narraciones nahuas. Ellos referían que en ese lugar se erigieron grandes edificaciones en honor del sol y la luna, a la vez que servían como edificaciones mortuorias para los principales señores, de ahí su nombre de Calzada de los Muertos. Otras versiones rayan en lo fantástico, como aquellas mencionadas posteriormente en este documento, las cuales señalan que dichas edificaciones fueron erigidas por gigantes o que, por su magnificencia, el lugar fue habitado por dioses.
Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Breastfeeding among Medical Students
Authors: Velasco-Lavín María Rosario , Iñarritu-Pérez María del Carmen , Cruz-Licea Verónica , Morales-López Sara , García-de la Torre Guadalupe Silvia
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate knowledge and attitudes about breastfeeding in medical student. Methods: Cross-sectional study among fourth year medical degree students at a public university. Two previously validated questionnaires on knowledge and attitudes were applied. Frequencies were compared by sex, using the χ2 test (p<0.05). Results: 259 students, of both sexes were evaluated, of which 35.1% showed sufficient knowledge, with no differences between men and women. The most prevalent knowledge was related to the benefits for the baby; the least known were on physiology, composition of breast milk and initiation, frequency and duration of feeding session; 27.0% showed favorable attitudes towards breastfeeding, with women presenting more favorable attitudes; 62.5% considered that the role of health professionals is necessary for the success of breastfeeding. Conclusion: It is necessary to improve the academic education related to breastfeeding among future health professionals in order to support mothers who wish to breastfeed.
Examining the Crisis Leadership of Public-Private Partnership in Ecological Based Tourism of Bromo Tengger Semeru
Authors: Sentanu I Gede Eko Putra Sri , Zamrudi Zakky , Praharjo Ardik , Haryono Bambang Santoso , Badjie Gibriel
Published: October 2024

This study is aimed to evaluate the role of crisis leadership within the public-private partnership of tourism collaborative governance. This study employs a cross-sectional study involving 304 respondents from various stakeholder from Bromo-Tengger-Semeru National park (BTSNP). The study employs the SEM-PLS data analysis to evaluate the measurement model and structural model. The results of the study indicates that the important role of Public-Private partnership on collaborative governance is only indicated by several dimension, especially those of Governance, Mutuality, and Administration. However, the interaction moderation indicates that crisis leadership is only able to enhance the Mutuality and Norm and Trust. The further discussion related to the finding is elaborated within the papers. The originality of this paper is by presenting a picture of ecological tourism management in Indonesia through the lens of public-private-partnership.
Citizens' Intention to Use E-Government Services in Local Government by Integrating UTAUT, TPB, and TAM Model
Authors: Afrizal Dedy , Luthfi Ahmad , Bin Wallang Muslimin , Hildawati Hildawati , Ekareesakul Kittipan
Published: October 2024

In contemporary society, the widespread adoption of information and communication technologies has become integral to meeting daily needs. E-Government leverages these technologies to deliver efficient and secure services to citizens, particularly at the local government level. However, existing literature lacks comprehensive exploration into citizen preferences for utilizing e-government services, especially those offered by local governments. Addressing this gap, this study investigates citizen intentions to use e-government, focusing on the application system provided by local governments. Our research framework integrates three established models (UTAUT, TAM, and TPB) and employs empirical validation through a structured questionnaire. Data collection involved 97 respondents from diverse cities/regencies. Rigorous reliability and validity assessments were conducted on the questionnaire, with analysis performed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings underscore the significant influence of citizens' attitudes toward e-government, shaped by factors such as effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, and perceived risk. Furthermore, a positive and significant relationship between attitude and Intention to use revealed. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of citizen behavior towards e-government services, offering insights crucial for enhancing service delivery and citizen engagement at the local level.
Оценка рисков технико-экономической защищенности на этапах жизненного цикла объектов недвижимости
Authors: Кущенко Игорь Владимирович , Бочарова Елена Анатольевна
Published: October 2024

Введение. Представлен инновационный подход к устойчивому развитию объектов недвижимости на основе комплексного анализа требований ресурсосбережения, технико-экономической защиты и безопасной эксплуатации. Выявлены недостатки действующих норм проектирования мер защиты от коррозии, не позволяющие производить моделирование расчета стоимости жизненного цикла (ЖЦ). Показана необходимость расширения расчетно-аналитических индикаторов экспертизы проектных решений с целью предотвращения негативных последствий при коррозионном разрушении. Материалы и методы. Объект исследования представляет систему регламентного управления, для которой разработаны алгоритмы принятия эффективных решений строительных проектов по защите от коррозии. Предложена методика резервирования технико-экономической защищенности на базе расчетных моделей качества, надежности и безопасности конструкций и сооружений. Функциональное и временнόе резервирование устойчивости к агрессивным воздействиям осуществляется с учетом требований к эксплуатации и безопасности стандарта ИСО/ТК 267 Фасилити менеджмент (ФМ). Целостное восприятие критериев технико-экономической защиты достигается с помощью индикаторов экспертизы проектных решений и регламента ЖЦ для заданного уровня коррозионной опасности (KI – KV) или защищенности (ZI – ZIV). Результаты. Апробация принципов и условий регламентного резервирования мер технико-экономической защиты выполнена путем постановки прямой и обратной задач живучести. Программа определительных испытаний включала мониторинг, риск-диагностику и управление индикаторами расчета стоимости ЖЦ. Оценка рисков осуществлена на основе метода HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study). Предложенный подход обеспечивает сценарный анализ возможностей и идентификацию угроз применения новых материалов и технологий согласно положениям концепции «бережливого хозяйствования» Lean Six Sigma.
Measuring technological development and sovereignty
Authors: Glazunova V. V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the issue of measuring technological sovereignty, which is essential for developing a scientific and technical strategy to enhance Russia’s technological independence. Index methods do not provide an accurate representation of the level of technological sovereignty. Solving this problem requires assessing the efficiency of economic technologies. The aim of the study is to explain the direct (non-indexed) method of measuring technology sovereignty, taking into account qualitative features of technologies. The study employs the theory of technological change and empirical regression analysis and uses statistical data from the Russian economy as its information base. A general algorithm for measuring technological independence is proposed. It is applied to each technological area separately, considering the qualitative characteristics of the technologies used. An indicator for assessing the level of producibility is calculated based on the ratio of innovative to non-innovative products and services. The impact of investments in new and old technologies on this indicator is assessed, allowing to obtain a structural picture of Russia’s technological development and renewal. The general conclusion is that investments in new technologies have not been a determining factor in increasing the level of producibility for the Russian economy. The measurement of technological sovereignty requires changes to the federal statistical system for tracking technological development. This would not only allow for a more accurate quantification of the superiority of domestically produced technologies over imported ones but would also reflect the qualitative aspects of potential dependence on foreign technologies in a more comprehensive way. It is important to identify the balance between new and obsolete technologies, as well as between domestic and foreign-produced technologie
Increasing R&D effectiveness: planning as a tool for reducing technological risk in engine development
Authors: Kondryakov A. D. , Sartori A. V. , Marchukov E. Ju. , Solovieva A. V. , Chuklinov S. V.
Published: October 2024

This article presents the basics and results of applying the Lean R&D methodology in planning as a crucial tool for enhancing the success of innovative projects. By following a step-by-step process, the effectiveness of project execution is improved through a comprehensive list of key tests that increase in complexity. This approach simplifies early identification of potential issues and reduces the risk of errors during the design phase. A new lean planning method is introduced, including assessing the readiness of the designed product at the design stage based on a roadmap. It also involves analyzing the critical elements (CE) of the product and determining their current level of readiness. Additionally, a functional analysis of the CE is conducted, followed by separate planning for the development of each element. Finally, the project is checked against a set of criteria to achieve technology readiness levels (TRL+). The process of lean planning is demonstrated in the field of engine building through the case of integrated starter-generator (SG) development. Specific elements of the planning structure are considered, and a functional analysis of the SG’s CE is conducted for both internal and external primary and secondary impacts. Their interactions and control events are determined according to detailed TRL+ criteria, allowing for the reduction of technological risks, shorter project execution times, and increased efficiency in innovative technology development through the use of this planning tool
Analisis Tingkat Kesehatan Bank dengan Menggunakan Metode CAMELS pada PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi Periode 2015-2019
Authors: Agustina Ellys , Jiblathar Panji
Published: October 2024

The structured and integrated management of economic resources has a significant impact on a nation's economic growth. Banks, as crucial financial institutions, play a pivotal role in the stewardship of these economic resources. This article delves into an analysis of the banking health level using the CAMELS method for PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi during the period from 2015 to 2019. The CAMELS method is employed to evaluate the bank's health across various indicators, encompassing Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earnings, Liquidity, and Sensitivity to Market Risk. This assessment holds paramount importance given the micro and macro economics ramifications that banks exert on the economy. The analysis reveals that PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi during the aforementioned period falls within the "Healthy" category based on CAMELS ratios. The Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) consistently exceeds 8%, and asset quality (Kualitas Aktiva Produktif - KAP) remains in a favorable category. The bank's management displays robust performance, with a commendable Net Profit Margin (NPM). Furthermore, the Return on Assets (ROA) also demonstrates a commendable performance. The bank maintains adequate liquidity with an appropriate Loan-to-Deposit Ratio (LDR). This analysis aids in assessing the bank's health and provides a deeper understanding of how it manages resources and risks. Consequently, PT. Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jambi appears to exhibit solid performance during this period, contributing to the economic stability of Jambi Province.
Aplikasi Modifikasi Algoritma Vigenere Cipher dan Hill Cipher Menggunakan Konversi Suhu
Authors: Queency Aurillya , Sylviani Sisilia
Published: October 2024

Cryptography is a method used to maintain the confidentiality of messages and data. Modifications or combinations of algorithms can be made to make the process of cracking secret messages more difficult than just one algorithm. This research aims to apply a combination of modified Vigenere Cipher algorithm, modified Hill Cipher algorithm, and temperature conversion equations to maintain a messageâ€™s confidentiality. By determining one plaintext and the required keys, the encryption and decryption process uses a modified Vigenere Cipher algorithm, a modified Hill Cipher algorithm, and all temperature conversion equations. The results obtained in the encryption process of one plaintext are 12 different ciphertexts according to the temperature conversion equation used. Moreover, the results obtained in the decryption process of 12 different ciphertexts are the original plaintext.
Analisis Meta Hubungan antara Obesitas dan Risiko Diabetes Mellitus dengan Data Binary dan Odd Ratio menggunakan Model Random Effect
Authors: Jiblathar Panji , Agustina Ellys
Published: October 2024

Meta-analysis is a statistical technique used to combine the results of several primary studies that have been conducted previously, with the aim of obtaining stronger and more accurate conclusions than can be obtained from each primary study individually. In this case, meta-analysis is performed to evaluate the relationship between obesity and the risk of diabetes mellitus. The data used in this meta-analysis is binary data, which contains information about the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus in individuals who are obese. The odds ratio is used as a measure of effect, which is the ratio between the likelihood of diabetes mellitus in individuals who are obese compared to individuals who are not obese. The results of the meta-analysis show heterogeneity between the primary studies conducted. Therefore, random effects are used in the meta-analysis model. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant relationship between obesity and the risk of diabetes mellitus, with a high odds ratio value. The conclusion from this meta-analysis is that obesity significantly increases the risk of diabetes mellitus. This finding has important implications in efforts to prevent and treat diabetes mellitus, especially in individuals at high risk for obesity.
Analisis Model Predator-Prey Tanaman Lada, Hama Penggerek Batang, dan Penghisap Buah
Authors: Aditama M. Diwa Sandika , Noor Dear Michiko Mutiara , Rizka Nela
Published: October 2024

Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is one of the oldest and most popular spices in the world and one of the important plantation crops in Indonesia, especially in Lampung Province. In cultivating pepper plants, many farmers are faced with the problem of pest attacks so that the productivity of pepper plants decreases due to pest attacks. Pests that attack pepper plants in Lampung Province include stem borers and fruit suckers. This research was conducted to look at the predator-prey mathematical model between pepper plants and stem borer and fruit sucking pests and to see the effect of pesticide control on this phenomenon. Modeling was carried out using the Holling II function. The results of numerical simulations on the predator-prey model without control show that the model will be stable in conditions where there is a population of pepper plants, while the populations of stem borers and fruit suckers experience extinction. However, if the parameter values \[ \gamma \] > 0.001045 and \[ \delta \] > 0.008032, then the model will not be stable under these conditions. Furthermore, the simulation shows that the use the use of pesticide control can accelerate the reduction in pest growth.
Implementasi Algoritma RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) pada Kriptografi Klasik
Authors: Zachary Muhammad Zaky , Sylviani Sisilia , Kurniadi Edi
Published: October 2024

The implementation of the RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) cryptography algorithm, which is one of the most commonly used public-key cryptography algorithms. RSA provides high security and is widely used in information security applications such as data encryption, digital signature generation, and key exchange. This research documents the step-by-step implementation process of the RSA algorithm in classical cryptography, including key generation, data encryption, and decryption, leading to the generation of encryption and decryption tables for a specific key.
Penerapan Manpower Planning (MPP) dan Full Time Equivalent (FTE) pada Bagian Produksi PT. Lampung Sukses Bersama (Lampung Banana Foster)
Authors: Rahmadhani Tia Riski , Arfi Eristia
Published: October 2024

PT. Lampung Sukses Bersama, commonly known as Lampung Banana Foster, is a specialized retail establishment dedicated to promoting indigenous Nusantara products, particularly those hailing from the Lampung region. The core values of Lampung Banana Foster revolve around ensuring top-notch product quality, premium service, and a modern aesthetic. In line with its organizational strategy, it places significant emphasis on the importance of effective human resource management. Through empirical research, a noticeable misalignment between available human resources and actual production output has been uncovered. The research data, focuses on the production output of the production department from April to June 2020, coinciding with the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic and its consequential impacts on business operations. Analysis of this dataset highlights a significant disparity between employee headcount and Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) value. Using the framework of Manpower Planning (MPP), the study reveals that shortages in employee numbers vary on a monthly basis. Consequently, we suggest that augmenting the workforce through new employee recruitment is necessary to ensure an equitable distribution of workload among all staff members. This finding underscores the importance of strategic human resource interventions to maintain operational efficiency and organizational resilience amidst changing circumstances.
Miana (Coleus scutellarioides) Variety Discrimination Based on Metabolic Fingerprints and Chemometrics
Authors: Syahruni Reny , Umar Abdul Halim , Lido Fenisia
Published: October 2024

Background: Miana (Coleus scutellarioides) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family consisting of several varieties that are traditionally used as medicinal materials, especially its leaves. Objectives: The study aims to classify/discriminate miana varieties based on FT-IR spectroscopic profiles and chemometric analysis (PCA, HCA, and PLS). Material and Methods: There are four samples used in this study, namely purple miana, green miana, batik miana, and combination miana (combination colour). The powders of the four miana samples were analyzed using FT-IR spectroscopy, then analyzed by chemometric techniques using PCA, HCA, and PLS to see the clustering patterns and functional group markers of the samples. Results: Based on chemometric analysis of FTIR data, the four species of miana leaves showed grouping based on their varieties, respectively. The total PC value was 99.5% (PC-1 97.7% and PC-2 1.8%). HCA analysis at a distance of 2.5 resulted in 4 groups: a (DMB, DMK, and DMU), b (DMU and DMK), c (DMU and DMK), and d (DMH). PLS analysis using VIP scores showed C-H and C=O groups with values > 1. Conclusions: The combination of FT-IR and chemometrics can be applied to discriminate miana samples in quality control and authentication of traditional medicine raw materials.
The application of hydrodynamic cavitation methods to increase the efficiency of the process of extracting biologically active substances from the walnut septums
Authors: Hozhenko Liubov , Ivanitsky Georgiy , Tselen Bogdan , Radchenko Natalia , Nedbailo Anna
Published: October 2024

The article presents experimental studies of the intensification of the
process of extracting biologically active substances from the walnut septum
using the mechanisms of the method of discrete-pulse energy input (DPEI) in
pulsating dispersers. On the basis of the obtained results of studies of the
effects of the shock action of the liquid flow and hydrodynamic cavitation
on the physicochemical parameters of the aqueous extract of walnut septum,
the effectiveness of the application of the most rigid mechanism of the
method of DPEI is shown. In the course of experimental studies, it was
established that the amount of dry substances released during the
extraction process in a cavitation-type pulsating disperser is approximately
2 times greater than in an impact-type pulsating disperser. The use of
hydrodynamic cavitation made it possible to maximally extract biologically
active substances from walnut partitions in 20 minutes of cavitation
treatment, which proportionally exceeds the shock effect of hydrodynamic
impact by 57 %. It has been established that the cavitation effect is the
most effective mode of the method of DPEI when applied in the extraction
processes from plant raw materials, which is currently one of the most
effective ways to achieve high-energy indicators in food and chemical
technologies for obtaining thermolabile substances.
Investigation of microbial biocontrol agents and essential oils synergism in suppression of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Dujkovic Tatjana , Danilov Ivana , Vlajkov Vanja , Gladikostic Nevena , Dmitrovic Selena , Lukic Natasa , Jokic Aleksandar , Grahovac Jovana
Published: October 2024

Confectionery industry wastewater contains substantial amounts of organic
and inorganic matter, posing a significant environmental burden. Microbial
bioconversion offers a promising solution by utilizing these nutrients to
produce value-added products, such as microbial biocontrol agents. Bacillus
spp. in combination with essential oils, are particularly promising for
fungicidal applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the
potential of confectionery industry wastewater as a medium for producing the
Bacillus sp. BioSol021-based biocontrol agent and to assess the effects of
incorporating essential oils into the cultivation medium on bacterial growth
and antimicrobial activity against the aflatoxigenic fungal pathogen
Aspergillus flavus. Biomass content of Bacillus sp. BioSol021 was measured
using the plate count method, while antifungal activity was evaluated using
the well-diffusion method. The biomass content of Bacillus sp. BioSol021
during cultivation suggests the potential for utilizing this waste as
suitable substrate for microbial growth, as no inhibition was observed.
However, the addition of essential nutrients' sources could be considered to
enhance bio-mass proliferation. The applied essential oils did not inhibit
bacterial growth; rather, thyme and fennel oils increased biomass content
compared to medium without essential oils. The highest antimicrobial
activity against Aspergillus flavus was observed using oregano oil, followed
by basil oil, with maximum activity at 72 hours of cultivation, which also
corresponded with the highest biomass content. Future research should focus
on further investigating wastewater seasonal characteristics, optimizing
bioprocess parameters, and exploring the specific mechanisms of biocontrol
action of both the Bacillus isolate and essential oils, as well as their
interactions.
Effect of chromium and titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast steel
Authors: Białobrzeska B. , Jasiński R. , Dziurka R. , Bała P.
Published: October 2024

In this work, the influence of chromium and titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast steel is investigated. The analysis was carried out on a material covered by patent Pat.243157. Advanced techniques were used, including dilatometric analysis, light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The material was examined in various states: as-cast, quenched, and quenched with subsequent tempering at 200?C, 400?C, and 600?C. Important mechanical properties such as hardness, yield strength, percentage elongation, percentage reduction in area after fracture, and impact toughness at temperatures ranging from -40?C to +20?C were evaluated. The results were compared with those of a reference cast steel without these alloying elements, allowing a detailed assessment of the influence of chromium and titanium. The investigation begins with a comprehensive literature review of the effects of these elements in iron-based alloys. The results highlight the influence of chromium and titanium on the mechanical properties and microstructural development of cast steel. These elements play a critical role in enhancing mechanical strength, particularly after quenching and tempering, although there are evident trade-offs in ductility and impact toughness. In addition, the study discusses the damage mechanisms, focusing on the role of titanium nitrides in the cracking process.
Transforming volcanic rocks from Lichadonisia Island, Greece, into advanced luminescent nanostructures for potential solar concentrator applications
Authors: Milojkov Dusan , Sokic Miroslav , Jovanovic Gvozden , Bugarcic Mladen , Vukovic Nikola , Stojanovic Jovica , Mutavdzic Dragosav
Published: October 2024

As the demand for environmentally sustainable materials rises, particularly
in applications like luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) for urban
environments, this study investigates the potential of volcanic rock-derived
nanostructures from Lichadonisia Island, Greece. These nanostructures are
designed to absorb sunlight and convert it to longer wavelengths
efficiently. By grinding volcanic rocks and inducing nanostructure
formation, followed by enrichment with FeO, enhanced luminescent properties
were achieved. Comprehensive characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD),
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning
Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS)
confirmed the crystalline nature of the volcanic rocks and the presence of
FeO in an amorphous state. FTIR analysis revealed characteristic peaks of
volcanic rocks and additional vibrations from FeO, as well as modifications
of Si-O-Al vibrations. FESEM-EDS observations indicated plate-like
nanoparticle structures with FeO nanoforms on modified surfaces.
Luminescence properties, assessed via Photoluminescence Excitation-Emission
(PLE-PL) spectroscopy, showed that while pure nanostructures exhibited
luminescence at 470 nm, FeO-enriched nanostructures demonstrated enhanced
intensity and an additional emission peak at approximately 425 nm. These
findings suggest that volcanic rock-derived nanostructures, particularly
when enriched with FeO, offer significant potential for use in eco-friendly
LSCs.
Structural and morphological studies on yttrium-doped magnesium aluminate spinel powders synthesized by mixed-fuel solution combustion synthesis approach
Authors: Posarac-Markovic M. , Jovic Orsini N. , Ilic S. , Kuzmanovic M. , Saponjic A. , Radovanovic Z. , Matovic B.
Published: October 2024

The incorporation of yttrium ions into the structure of magnesium aluminate
spinel can be an effective approach to modify its microstructure, enhancing
its formation, sintering behavior, and mechanical properties. In this work,
a mixed-fuel solution combustion synthesis approach was used to prepare
yttrium-doped spinel powders with the composition MgAl2-xYxO4 (x=0; 0.02;
0.06 and 0.10). It was shown that combustion of magnesium-, aluminum- and
yttrium-nitrate salts solution in the presence of a mixture of specific
fuels for each metal nitrate enables the direct production of crystalline
spinels without the need for additional thermal treatment. Structural and
morphological characterization showed that the main phase in all samples is
a spinel phase (S.G. Fd3-m), while periclase (MgO), monoclinic yttrium
aluminate (Y4Al2O9), and yttrium aluminum garnet (Y3Al5O12) were found in
small portion in some samples. The average crystallite size increased in
Y3+-substituted samples relative to undoped MgAl2O4, from 15 nm up to 40 nm.
The lattice parameter increased with increase in yttrium content, ranging
from 8.071 ? to 8.086 ?. The specific surface area of the synthesized
powders spans from 8.2 m?/g for the undoped powder to 3.3 m?/g for the Y3+-
substituted spinels with the maximum added yttrium content.
Thermo-expandable intraprostatic nitinol stents in the treatment of bladder outlet obstruction: a consecutive case series
Authors: Arch Albert , Thamsborg Andreas , Winck-Flyvholm Lilli , Seifert Rie , Fode Mikkel
Published: October 2024

Objective: In high-risk patients, prostatic stents may alleviate obstruction at the prostate level. Since 2020 we have used thermo-expandable intraprostatic nitinol stents. Here we document outcomes through the first years with the procedure.
Material and methods: We reviewed  patients who had undergone stent treatment between May 2020 and October 2023. Patient and procedural data, urinary symptoms, complications and side effects were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize outcomes and we evaluated predictors of success and complications using robust multiple regression analyses.
Results: We included 52 consecutive patients with a median age of 82 years (range 71–96) and a median Charlson Comorbidity Index of 6 (3–11). Forty-seven men used indwelling catheters, two used clean intermittent catheterization, and three had severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Stents were placed under general anesthesia, sedation, and local anesthesia in 39, 4, and 9 men, respectively. The median treatment time was 14 min (range 8–40). One complication, in the form of an infection requiring IV antibiotics, occurred. Subsequently, 45 men (87%) were able to void spontaneously without bothersome symptoms. After a median of 11 (2–44) months, 8 men had their stents removed due to recurring symptoms. This gives an overall success rate of 37/52 patients (71%). No predictors of success or complications were identified.
Conclusions: Thermo-expandable intraprostatic nitinol stents demonstrate a high success rate with a low risk of complications and may serve as an alternative to permanent or intermittent catheterization for men who are unable or unwilling to undergo flow-improving surgery.
Global artistic citizenship: (Re-)imagining interculturalism, collaboration, and community engagement as central elements of higher music education
Authors: Thomson Nathan Riki
Published: October 2024

This article seeks to better understand the impacts of placing interculturalism and community engagement as central elements in higher music education and its effects on students’ experiences, learning outcomes, and societal contributions. Qualitative data is drawn from three contexts of intercultural learning environments, including graduates of a degree programme in global music, as well as current students participating in an intercultural arts camp and a refugee community project as part of their studies. Findings emerge in terms of the ways intercultural learning environments impact students’ sense of global artistic citizenship, develop extra-musical skills, provide opportunities to engage with societal issues, and expand professionalism, enhancing the ability to create a career and engage with the changing world. Key findings and conclusions point to the need to continuously re-imagine the structures of institutions and the ways they can become more inclusive, pluralistic, intercultural, and connected to the world around them.
Threads. Fate, Faith and Fiction: How the Mythology of Immortality Relates to the Psychological Impact of Death
Authors:   , Wright Susan Ann
Published: October 2024

Despite cultural diﬀerences, beliefs concerning the possibility of life after death are widespread, as is the concept of fate as an external force. However, the inevitability of death does not produce agreement about its significance. When considered through the lenses of religion, mythology, philosophy, psychology, science and fiction, theories concerning the ending of life are as contradictory as they are diverse. This project examines the effects of death on the living through the psychology of loss and bereavement, neuroscientific discoveries of brain function, religious and philosophical approaches to immortality as well as the evolution and role of myth in making sense of existence. By placing Greek mythology alongside twenty first century life, the novel aligns myth with lived experience, demonstrating that humanity’s inevitable fate evokes the coexistence of the mystical and supernatural with the reality of grief. This submission consists of two parts. The creative component is a novel, in which the Greek Goddess of fate ends one life and then fails to end another. In the subsequent narrative, both she, and those affected by her actions must find their way through complex emotions and beliefs related to the prospect of death and its aftermath in order to come to terms with their new reality. This is then followed by a critical exegesis exploring the themes outlined above.
‘Born Across the Water but Reared Under the Flag:’ How the Experience of Serving in the Union Army Impacted Welsh-Americans’ Sense of their Place within American Society
Authors:   , Jones Aled
Published: October 2024

This thesis argues that as a result of military service during the American Civil War, Welsh volunteers’ sense of belonging within American society increased. By drawing on under-explored written correspondence of Welsh soldiers, Welsh-American and Anglo-American newspapers, as well as a selection of military documents and records, this dissertation shows how the war was interpreted by Welsh immigrants as an opportunity to legitimate their status as American patriots. Consequently, this dissertation enables new ways of understanding Welsh-American identity as pro-active and responsive during the upheavals engendered by the war, becoming rooted in narratives of cultural legitimacy through military service. It explores the Welsh place in America at the onset of war and how Welsh immigrants viewed enlistment as an irrefutable demonstration of loyalty to their adopted country, citing themes of duty, patriotism, and anti-slavery. It analyses how daily life in the army inculcated a sense of collective belonging among Welsh recruits, contributing to the construction of a national identity. Moreover, this thesis outlines how Welsh soldiers consistently sought bonding opportunities with non-Welsh Americans, reacting to the challenges of military service in ways that reaffirmed their evolving, collectively determined identity as American people.
MENDETEKSI PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN SECARA SPASIAL DAN TEMPORAL DI BANDARA INTERNASIONAL YOGYAKARTA PADA CITRA GOOGLE EARTH
Authors: Ning Yuningsih
Published: October 2024

Pembangunan Bandara Baru Internasional Yogyakarta Kulon Progo (YIA) menjadi salah satu tujuan pembangunan nasional khususnya di bidang industri penerbangan. Proyek pembangunan bandara besar di Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) dengan menggunakan lahan milik masyarakat. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis karakteristik spatiotemporal perubahan penggunaan suatu lahan pada kawasan bandara baru Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta berdasarkan Citra Google Earth Kabupaten Kulon Progo pada tahun 2017, 2020 dan 2023. Perubahan penggunaan lahan di bandara baru Bandara Internasional Yogyakarta menunjukkan bahwa dari tahun 2017 hingga 2023, penggunaan lahan telah berubah dengan cepat. Perubahan penggunaan lahan pada pemukiman adalah -189 rumah, penduduk sebanyak -756 orang, vegetasi sebesar -19,73 ha, lahan terbuka sebesar -282,59 Ha berkurang karena pembangunan Bandara Baru Internasional Yogyakarta dengan transformasi yang signifikan.
Kata kunci: spasial-temporal, perubahan penggunaan lahan, bandara YIA, Data Google Earth
Ta’zir Keterlambatan Iuran Pemberi Kerja pada Dana Pensiun Syariah Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Hidayati Nova Rizky , Solihin Solihin
Published: October 2024

In Indonesia, the implementation of sharia pension funds is regulated in Law No. 4 of 2023 concerning Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector, and POJK No.33 /POJK.05/2016 concerning the Implementation of Pension Programs Based on Sharia Principles. In determining a rule to be in accordance with sharia principles, the POJK should refer to Fatwa DSN Number: 88/DSN-MUI/XI/2013 concerning General Guidelines for Implementing Pension Programs Based on Sharia Principles. However, in the DSN-MUI fatwa there is no explanation of the ta'zir problem. This research is library research with a normative juridical approach, by examining legal sources related to ta'zir. The purpose of this research is to find out the law of ta'zir for late employer contributions contained in POJK No. 33 /POJK.05/2016 whether it is contrary to Islamic law or not. Based on several explanations contained in the Al-Quran, hadith, fiqh, DSN MUI fatwa on Employment Social Security, that the ta'zir sanctions listed in POJK No. 33 /POJK.05/2016 are not contrary to Islamic law. Where the aim is to achieve benefits in the management of pension funds so that pension benefits can be given properly to participants. However, in determining the amount of the fine, it should be limited in order to teach a lesson and not be excessive. The ta'zir funds that have been collected must be used as social funds, not included in the cash of the Islamic pension fund institution.