bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trajetórias Migratórias na Voz dos Sujeitos, Trabalhadores do Setor Sucroalcooleiro em Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais
Authors: Araújo Daniel Féo Castro , Araújo Sobrinho Fernando Luiz
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender a realidade dos (as) trabalhadores nordestinos no município de Ituiutaba (MG), para isto a análise se volta para a abordagem das trajetórias migratórias dos canavieiros. Nesse contexto, as narrativas deles foram fundamentais ao permitir reconstituir motivações, causas e desdobramentos. A partir da coleta de histórias de vida através de entrevistas e do uso da oralidade como ferramenta metodológica se entende como os relatos são essenciais para a compreensão desta modalidade migratória. Para alcançar os resultados desta pesquisa foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa composta por levantamento bibliográfico inerente ao tema e entrevistas semiestruturadas com trabalhadores migrantes nordestinos residentes no município de Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais. Destaca-se que as entrevistas bem como a identificação dos sujeitos e o uso de suas falas foi autorizado através de assinatura de termo de consentimento. A maioria dos entrevistados ocupa direta e indiretamente postos de trabalhos relacionados ao setor sucroalcooleiro. Como um dos principais resultados da pesquisa, foi possível constatar atributos e características da origem, as motivações para o engajamento no movimento migratório, redes geográficas envolvendo diversas localidades de origem e destino, bem como contatos sociais que viabilizaram as migrações, e as intenções e perspectivas para o futuro dos migrantes nordestinos residentes em Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais.
Marcadores Territoriais da Fé Popular em Ponta Grossa: resistência social e cultural
Authors: Clarindo Maximillian Ferreira , Floriani Nicolas
Published: February 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo geral discutir os marcadores territoriais e geossímbolos da fé popular que subsistem em meio às modernidades múltiplas do espaço urbano de Ponta Grossa. Os municípios do Paraná Tradicional possuem suas histórias atreladas à expropriação de terras indígenas com a escravização dos nativos e de negros trazidos do continente africano, na consolidação de atividades econômicas ligadas à agropecuária. Hoje, percebe-se que a sociedade local resgata para o quotidiano moderno algumas características de suas origens no sentir-pensar-construir a cidade. Mesmo sendo Ponta Grossa a quarta maior cidade do Estado do Paraná, portanto com considerável grau de urbanização e modernidade, são preservados pela comunidade alguns marcadores territoriais que remetem a uma outra cidade, não perfeitamente alinhada às geoestruturas do capital. Entre olhos d’água, jazigos, santos canônicos e não canônicos, formata-se um corpus religioso-espiritual, dentro de uma relação secreta/emocional com o espaço. Inobstante, desde o método fenomenológico de análise, percebe-se que estes interditos espaciais personificam uma estratégia, mesmo que inconsciente, de resistência às imposições totalizantes da modernidade. Conclui-se, portanto, que os marcadores territoriais da fé popular descortinam a multiplicidade do urbano na medida que ressignificam a modernidade por meio de outras racionalidades envolvidas na formatação espacial.
A Análise do Voto como Metodologia de Compreensão da Dinâmica Urbana: estudo aplicado à cidade de Trindade – GO
Authors: Rodrigues Wildes Jesus , Deus João Batista de , Chaveiro Eguimar Felício
Published: February 2021

A análise do espaço urbano é complexa e possui várias metodologias que procuram, associadas entre si, se aproximar da compreensão de sua realidade. A dinâmica urbana é um elemento presente na cidade e, neste artigo, investigamos essa abordagem a partir da análise do voto em eleições para prefeito. Trindade, no estado de Goiás, foi o palco desta análise pelo fato desse município possuir duas malhas urbanas com particularidades distintas, Trindade II e a sede do município, sendo a primeira próxima à capital do estado de Goiás, Goiânia, e a outra distante cerca de 18 quilômetros da referida capital. Trindade II possui a particularidade de um processo de formação diretamente ligado à Goiânia e enfrenta os desafios da urbanização distante do núcleo central do município. O objetivo dessa investigação foi analisar a dinâmica urbana a partir dos votos em eleições majoritárias. Para compreender esse processo, levantamos dados referentes às eleições municipais de 2000 a 2016 para o executivo, com a intenção de compreender o comportamento dos habitantes das duas porções no que diz respeito às escolhas políticas. Demonstramos que houve um direcionamento dos votos como instrumento de contraposição às escolhas políticas feitas na sede do município.
Avaliação do Potencial Fitorremediador da Macrófita Aquática Salvinia Auriculata na Absorção e Acúmulo de Zinco
Authors: Negrão Glauco Nonose , Souza Nathan Ulian , Butik Mariane
Published: February 2021

A descarga de metais pesados por atividades antrópicas nos cursos hídricos é uma das mais comuns fontes de contaminantes tóxicos no ambiente, havendo a necessidade de desenvolvimento de técnicas capazes de biorremediar os poluentes com eficiência e sustentabilidade. O objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar o potencial de bioacumulação de Zinco (Zn) da macrófita aquática Salvinia auriculata. Para a realização deste artigo, coletou-se amostras da macrófita aquática em um fragmento de floresta ombrófila mista, processadas no Laboratório de Hidrologia do Departamento de Geografia da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO) no Campus Cedeteg. Foram efetuados três experimentos com a solução de Sulfato de Zinco (ZnSO4) para simular a contaminação e identificar o potencial de absorção, sendo realizada a leitura utilizando a técnica AAS – Atomic Absorption Spectrometry no Laboratório de Análise de Traços e Instrumentação, vinculada ao Departamento de Química – UNICENTRO. Pela análise conjunta dos resultados obtidos nos três experimentos confirmou-se a potencialidade da Salvinia auriculata em bioacumular Zn, estimando o potencial de absorção de 3,5 mg/kg, atingindo índice máximo em aproximadamente 48 horas. Verificou-se que a Salvinia auriculata apresentou sensibilidade elevada, sendo uma macrófita que pode ser empregada na avaliação qualitativa e quantitativa da contaminação de ambientes aquáticos por metais pesados.
On the Restrictive Jurisdictional Immunity of AIIB in China
Authors: Ren Hu , Jin Zhaoxin
Published: February 2021

The jurisdictional immunity of international organizations is a necessity for them to independently perform their functions and achieve their purposes. Therefore, the international community generally grants absolute jurisdictional immunity to international organizations. China has always advocated the position of absolute jurisdictional immunity, however, in the AIIB Agreement and the Headquarters Agreement between China and AIIB, China turn to the view that AIIB only share restrictive jurisdictional immunity. The change of China’s opinion on AIIB is not only the result of the development of international organizations immunity, but also the result of AIIB’s functional necessity. The fact that AIIB only enjoys restrictive jurisdictional immunity in China makes AIIB possible to be sued in China’s domestic courts. If the eligible plaintiff bring a lawsuit against AIIB in China, the courts could handle the case in accordance with domestic laws, the AIIB Agreement and the Headquarters Agreement to alleviate the dilemma of China’s lack of international organization law.
Uitvoeringsorganisaties tussen staat en straat
Authors: Brummel Lars , Overman Sjors , Schillemans Thomas
Published: February 2021

Implementing organizations between state and street. The relevance of social accountability for administrators of ZBOs and agencies

This contribution analyzes the degree of relevance that administrators of independent administrative bodies (ZBOs) and agencies assign to their accountability relationships with social stakeholders. Although there is a lot of attention for social forms of accountability in the scientific literature, no large-scale quantitative research has been conducted into how administrators of implementing organizations experience this accountability. This study fills this gap on the basis of survey research by: (1) mapping the importance of forms and practices of social accountability for implementing organizations; and (2) weighing potential explanations for differences in the importance of social accountability in implementing organizations. The authors show that administrators of ZBOs and agencies in the Netherlands attach great importance to accountability towards their broad public environment, also compared to other countries with similar types of implementing organizations. This observation is in line with the Dutch reputation of consensual and interactive governance. Differences in the importance of social accountability between implementing organizations cannot be explained by the vertical accountability relationship with the parent department or other institutional organizational characteristics. The analysis shows that social orientation is greater among ZBOs and agencies where the media has more influence over administrators. Social accountability is associated with greater perceived media pressure.
Oxidative Potential of Ambient PM and Related Health Endpoints over South Asia: A Review
Authors: Patel Anil , Rastogi Neeraj
Published: February 2021

South Asia occupies only about 3.5% of the world’s area but, about 25% of the average world’s population lives here and is continuously exposed to severe air pollution. Unprecedented development activities in most of the South Asian cities emit primary and secondary pollutants into the atmosphere. Particulate matter (PM), a principal air pollutant, are tiny enough to remain suspended in the atmosphere for a long time (about a week). They can penetrate the human nasal airway and damage the lungs. PM effects on human health are assessed based on their mass concentration, size distribution, and chemical composition. Despite being critically important, studies related to PM effects on human health are limited over South Asia. In recent years, only a few South Asian research groups started studying the ability of atmospheric PM to cause human health hazards by generating in situ reactive oxygen species (ROS). The capability of atmospheric PM to produce ROS and/or deplete antioxidants is termed as their oxidative potential (OP). Though limited, efforts are made to identify particular species with the higher OP. Atmospheric aging of PM can also alter their OP. No studies from South Asia, except a few from India, investigated how the atmospheric aging changes the chemical and physical properties of PM and affect their OP over South Asia. These studies also showed that OP depends more on PM composition rather than its concentrations. Therefore, mitigation strategies for reducing PM mass concentrations alone may not be sufficient, and linking PM OP with significant health effects may be a better way to regulate specific sources of PM rather than overall PM mass. This review reports the necessities and limitations for PM OP studies in South Asia and future directions.
A odisseia da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional no Brasil (1945-1964)
Authors: Pereira Alexandre Macedo , Poll Margarete Von Mühlen
Published: February 2021

Atualmente, a educação brasileira vem sendo atacada pelo governo federal em muitas  frentes: tentativa de desqualificação do trabalho docente e dos profissionais da educação (técnicos de todas as áreas), cortes nos recursos da educação, tentativa de censura à liberdade de cátedra etc. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos a) apresentar a trajetória da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, no período de 1945 a 1964; b) expor os bastidores da disputa política no Congresso Nacional no que tange a aprovação da Lei Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, no período de 1945 a 1964; c) fomentar a reflexão sobre as relações entre política, ideologia econômica e políticas públicas para a educação. Metodologicamente, esta pesquisa é bibliográfica e documental, qualitativa e exploratória; teoricamente, fundamenta-se nas obras de Boris Fausto (2013), Thomas E. Skidmore (2010) e Evaldo Vieira (2015). No campo da História da Educação, trabalhamos com Dermeval Saviani (1998). Além disso, como suporte teórico suplementar, visitamos as obras de István Mészáros (2015), Steven Levitsky e Daniel Ziblatt (2018), entre outras. A pesquisa demonstra que grupos políticos e sociais distintos disputaram, por razões distintas, o controle sobre a educação brasileira. Em meio a divergências e convergências entre esses grupos, o projeto de Lei que fixa as Diretrizes de Bases Nacional tramitou no Congresso Nacional durante dezesseis anos. Concluímos que é necessário refletir sobre os caminhos que percorremos, as estratégias que adotamos, as alianças que estabelecemos para enfrentar os problemas da educação.
Memória Educativa como dispositivo de pesquisa: tecendo laços na Universidade
Authors: Bittencourt Cleonice Pereira do Nascimento , Almeida Inês Maria Marques Zanforlin Pires de , Pato Claudia Marcia Lyra , Squarisi Katilen Machado Vicente
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a memória educativa como um dispositivo de pesquisa, fundamentado no aporte teórico da psicanálise, articulado com a educação. Para tanto, fez-se o levantamento das produções acadêmicas do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade de Brasília, no período de 2007 a 2019, disponíveis no repositório da instituição. Foram utilizados os descritores memória educativa, psicanálise e educação, que resultaram na identificação de 23 dissertações de mestrado e 2 teses de doutorado. Todas usaram a memória educativa sob o enfoque psicanalítico com a educação. As análises qualitativas foram organizadas em eixos e categorias temáticas. Os resultados indicaram que o uso do dispositivo, em que os sujeitos escrevem suas memórias, associadas ao contexto pedagógico e de formação, favoreceu a reflexão não só dos sujeitos das pesquisas como também dos próprios pesquisadores. A escrita sobre as experiências escolares, a relação com os professores, o contexto sociocultural associado a essa trajetória revelou diferentes dimensões na atuação pessoal e profissional. Refletir sobre a própria trajetória escolar e de formação contribuiu para melhor compreensão do processo reflexivo e constitutivo da subjetividade docente. Com base no olhar psicanalítico foi possível inferir que a escrita da memória educativa fez emergir uma compreensão sobre a própria atuação docente, com possíveis repercussões na subjetividade dos sujeitos. Esses achados apontam para a contribuição desse dispositivo de pesquisa no campo da educação, em especial para os estudos sobre a formação do professor.
Molecular modelling, docking and dynamics analysis of lipid droplet associated enzyme Ypr147cp from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, Manda Naresh Kumar
Published: February 2021

Ypr147cp of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was localized to lipid droplets. The recombinant Ypr147cp showed both triacylglycerol lipase and ester hydrolase activities. Knock out of YPR147C led to accumulation of TAG in ypr147cΔ when compared to wild type (WT). Transmission electron microscopic analysis of ypr147cΔ cells show increased lipid bodies. Moreover, the lipid profiling confirmed the accumulation of fatty acids derived from neutral and phospholipids in ypr147cΔ cells. Sequence analysis of Ypr147cp show the presence of an a/b hydrolase domain with the conserved GXSXG lipase motif. The YPR147c homology model was built and the modeled protein was analysed using RMSD and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) for a 100 ns simulation trajectory. Docking the acetate, butyrate and palmitate ligands with the model confirmed covalent binding of ligands with the Ser207 of the GXSXG motif. Thus, Ypr147cp is a lipid droplet associated triacylglycerol lipase having short chain ester hydrolyzing capacity.
Molecular docking of potential inhibitors with the mTOR protein
Authors:   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Ragas Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, India, Fathima JH Shazia
Published: February 2021

The mTOR (mammalian or mechanistic Target of Rapamycin) is linked with oral cancer. Therefore, it is of interest to study the molecular docking-based binding of paclitaxel (a FDA approved drug for oral cancer) and its analogues with mTOR. Hence, we report the binding features of 10-Deacetyltaxol, 7-Epi-10-deacetyltaxol, 7-Epi-Taxol and 6alpha-Hydroxypaclitaxel with mTOR for further consideration.
Insights from the shotgun-based proteomics analysis of Biomphalaria glabrata
Authors:   Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, OR, Portland, USA, Otarigho Benson
Published: February 2021

Biomphalaria glabrata is an important host in the transmission of human schistosomiasis in the Caribbean and South America. Therefore, it is of interest to analyse the proteome data of Biomphalaria glabrata hemolymph to identify immunity related proteins in host-pathogen relationship. We used shotgun proteomic and bioinformatic analyses of the non-depleted and depleted [0.5 and 0.75% Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) depletion] hemolymph of B. glabrata (LE strain). Analysis showed 148 proteins from the hemolymph. 148 were obtained from the 0.5% TFA-depleted sample. 62 proteins follow this from the 0.75% TFA-depleted sample. However, only 59 were found from non-depleted hemolymph. A number of proteins were identified from the hemolymph of this schistosomiasis snail vector linked to immunity related functions. This provides insights to the understanding of schistosome-snail interaction.
Data on healthcare perceptions about system risk factors associated with patient safety from the Ministry of Health hospitals in Hail Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Health Informatics, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia, Alshammari Fares
Published: February 2021

Patient protection has become one of the key elements of the quality of health care systems in Saudi Arabia. Medical errors that threaten patient safety are mediated by several factors including system risk factors. Hence, we used a self-structured questionnaire to assess and rank the system factors according to the perceptions of nurses working in the hospitals of the ministry of health in Hail, KSA. Eight out of twelve factors tested were perceived as threatening factors of the patient safety that are; ‘Shortage of medical staff’, ‘Poor design of the hospital structure’, ‘Long working hours’, ‘Overcrowding of patients’, ‘Poor coordination between hospital departments, ‘Punitive and blaming environment, ‘Lack of clinical practice standards’ and, ‘Poor financial incentives’. Thus, considering the negative impact of the identified threatening system factors in this study on patient safety, urgent planning and managing appropriate corrective actions should be designed to improve patient safety issues.
Les restructurations d’entreprises et l’élite financière au Québec. Une étude du cas Papiers White Birch
Authors: Hanin Frédéric , L'Italien François
Published: February 2021

Cet article vise à contribuer à l’étude de l’élite financière opérant au Québec en s’appuyant sur l’analyse du cas de l’entreprise Papiers White Birch dans le secteur des pâtes et papiers. Entrée dès 2010 dans un processus de restructuration financière encadré par laLoi sur les arrangements avec les créanciers des compagnies(LACC), cette entreprise a vu ses règles courantes de gestion être modifiées afin de se conformer à un plan de relance axé sur la protection et la valorisation du patrimoine financier de certains investisseurs. L’article retrace le rôle et les logiques d’action de deux groupes faisant partie de l’élite financière dans la mise en place de ce plan de relance, soit le groupe des créanciers et propriétaires de l’entreprise d’un côté, et les experts financiers chargés de conseiller les autorités juridiques durant le processus de restructuration, de l'autre. La mise en lumière des fonctions et stratégies déployées par ces acteurs dans ce processus illustre des modalités par lesquelles les élites financières contemporaines peuvent tirer avantage des crises industrielles et contribuer ainsi à intensifier le processus de financiarisation de l’économie.
L’incorporation des médecins. Analyse exploratoire d’une stratégie fiscale
Authors: Fleury Charles , Côté Nancy , Mercure Daniel
Published: February 2021

Cette note de recherche s’intéresse au phénomène de l’incorporation chez les médecins du Québec, une pratique permettant aux membres des ordres professionnels d’exercer leurs activités professionnelles au sein d’une société en nom collectif ou d’une société par actions. S’appuyant sur les données de recensement de 1996, 2006 et 2016, elle s’intéresse à deux des avantages de l’incorporation, soit l’impôt différé et le fractionnement du revenu avec des membres ayant atteint l’âge de la majorité dans la famille, plus spécifiquement les conjoints. De manière plus précise, elle examine le taux de prévalence et les modalités de l’incorporation chez les médecins et explore les conséquences de cette pratique sur leur revenu déclaré et celui de leur conjoint. L’analyse permet de confirmer l’attrait de l’incorporation chez les médecins du Québec et ses effets sur leurs revenus déclarés. Elle révèle également que, parallèlement, les revenus déclarés par les conjoints des médecins incorporés étaient plus élevés et constitués d’une part plus importante de revenus de placements. Cela tend à confirmer l’idée selon laquelle l’incorporation des médecins répond à une stratégie d’optimisation fiscale. Cette stratégie n’est toutefois pas intéressante pour l’ensemble des médecins.
Protection des intérêts des actionnaires et des créanciers de la société anonyme dans la législation burundaise et le droit communautaire OHADA
Authors: Nzohabonayo Anaclet
Published: February 2021

Les intérêts des actionnaires et des créanciers sont moins antagonistes qu’ils ne le paraissent en dépit des différences qui les caractérisant. Les premiers n’existent pas sans les seconds et vice-versa. Cette réflexion démontre que seule leur protection concurrente constitue le soubassement de leur cohabitation fructueuse. Cette analyse explicite les mécanismes juridiques qui permettent d’assurer une cohabitation « pacifique » des intérêts des acteurs principaux de la société anonyme. Elle décortique les textes sous étude et nourrit la critique doctrinale aux riches commentaires pouvant provoquer leur relecture par les décideurs. Par ricochet, l’étude contribue à éclaircir des principes dont la compréhension garantit le maintien de l’exploitation et la viabilité financière de la société anonyme. Pour illustrer ces développements, l’analyse se sert d’une comparaison des dispositions de l’Acte uniforme de l’OHADA portant sur le droit des sociétés commerciales et groupement d’intérêt économique et du Code burundais des sociétés privées et à participation publique.
La politique internationale de l’État de droit. Observations critiques
Authors: Jean Moise
Published: February 2021

L’examen du concept d’état de droit dans la pratique des acteurs internationaux révèle qu’il ne fonctionne pas comme une technique formelle, autonome et concrète. Les États utilisent l’expression pour exprimer toutes sortes de revendications tandis que les organisations internationales l’évoquent de manière très diverse et contradictoire. Quant à ses objectifs et finalités, l’analyse montre que l’état de droit ne peut, en l’état, atteindre des objectifs universels et désintéressés. Les États emploient le concept stratégiquement pour défendre et promouvoir des préférences et aspirations alors que les organisations internationales de leur côté l’utilisent pour imposer un modèle politique et de gouvernance. Dans ces conditions, loin d’être un impératif partagé, l’état de droit dans la politique internationale apparait en réalité comme un moyen de légitimation des objectifs politiques et fonctionnels.
Le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies et les droits de l’homme
Authors: Biayi Patient Mpunga
Published: February 2021

Cet article analyse la problématique de l’intervention du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies en matière des droits de l’homme. En passant en revue les différentes résolutions du Conseil de sécurité, l’article démontre que ce dernier a intégré la composante des droits de l’homme à la sécurité collective en deux temps forts. Tout d’abord, l’organe onusien qualifie certaines violations massives des droits de l’homme en « menace contre la paix et la sécurité internationales », pour autant qu’elles aient un impact sécuritaire et une dimension internationale. Ensuite, le Conseil de sécurité a élargi le concept de « paix et sécurité internationales » en vue d’aborder simultanément les différentes notions de sécurité internationale, de droits de l’homme et de développement. La sécurité collective est ainsi étendue aux concepts de « sécurité humaine » et de « responsabilité de protéger ». Toutefois, l’article constate que le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies accuse certaines limites en la matière. Le recours au Chapitre VII de la Charte de San Francisco en matière des violations massives et systématiques des droits de l’homme est totalement sélectif. Le Conseil de sécurité de l’ONU manque d'un programme d’inclusion des droits de l’homme dans ses interventions. Faute d’intégration pleine et entière des droits de l’homme dans ses résolutions et délibérations, le Conseil de sécurité court le risque de voir sa légitimité décroître davantage.
Darwin no hubiera entendido Facebook
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra
Published: February 2021

Hace unas semanas asistí a una conferencia del profesor Maximino San Miguel, director del Institut de Física Interdisciplinar i Sistemes Complexos (IFISC) de Palma de Mallorca, titulada “Sistemas complejos, fenómenos sociales y Big Data”. Y aunque debo confesar que algunas de las ideas que expuso se escaparon a mi limitadísimo conocimiento, una de ellas me impactó especialmente, tanto que he considerado oportuno dedicarle estas líneas. “Darwin no entendía la cooperación”, afirmó el Dr. San Miguel al principio de su presentación. Y es cierto, en el contexto de la teoría de la selección natural no hay cabida. Casi una década hablando de cooperación y de colaboración y no había reparado en esa idea.
Agua de mayo, pan para todo el año
Authors: Clua Anna
Published: February 2021

Mayo es el mes en que celebramos el día internacional de la libertad de prensa. Este año la conmemoración (que es el día 3) era un domingo, pero alrededor de esta fecha no han faltado acontecimientos que nos lo recordaran. Hemos tenido debates, simposios, campañas y publicaciones desde donde se ha hablado largo y tendido sobre el tema.
“Che scìcco!”: i forestierismi di moda in un vocabolario dialettale degli anni Venti
Authors: Dota Michela
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to illustrate and analyse the incidence of foreign words inherent to the special language of fashion in the Vocabolario domestico del dialetto foggiano (1929) by Carlo Villani (Foggia 1855 - Naples 1931). Although it has been published during the Twenties, a period notoriously hostile to dialects, the vocabulary follows the Gentilian cultural climate, well-disposed towards the works of enhancement of local linguistic heritage, which, especially for school, reach their peak in the 1920s. Furthermore, the vocabulary is the latest heir to a municipal and family lexicographic tradition, which flourished in the mid-nineteenth century, on the model of Basilio Puoti’s Vocabolario domestico napoletano e toscano. However, if the forerunner Saggio di vocabolario familiare (1841) follows Puoti’s purist thought, explicitly criticizing foreign words, the Vocabolario domestico del dialetto foggiano lemmatises them by showing their productivity in local speech; it provides interesting information for the history of language and customs at the same time (as can be seen from the glossary offered in this paper, properly commented). Nonetheless, this tolerance seems confined to the dialectal speech only: the translations proposed are mostly hyperonyms or words characterised by a greater semantic extension, which sacrifice the more precise semantic of the original forms, while compromising the memory of the referent.
Moda, forestierismi e traduzioni: un confronto interlinguistico
Authors: Ondelli Stefano
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with the presence of foreign words in magazines and websites regarding the fashion industry. After illustrating recent research aimed at assessing the frequency of loan words in Italian fashion magazines and classifying them according to a range of semantic fields, a survey is conducted on fashion magazines published in different countries to evaluate which language is more prone to accept loans and calques. As a third step, the different linguistic versions of the websites of American, French and Italian fashion brands are compared to assess whether differences emerge in the frequency and types of foreign words included in texts originally written in a given language vs. translated webpages. Despite the latest developments in the communication strategies of the fashion industry, the frequency and types of foreign words remain unchanged in both source and target texts and point to the persuasive and connotative – rather than denotative – role played by fashion terminology.
Glycine acylation and trafficking of a new class of bacterial lipoprotein by a composite secretion system
Authors: Icke Christopher , Hodges Freya J , Pullela Karthik , McKeand Samantha A , Bryant Jack Alfred , Cunningham Adam F , Cole Jeff A , Henderson Ian R
Published: February 2021

Protein acylation is critical for many cellular functions across all domains of life. In bacteria, lipoproteins have important roles in virulence and are targets for the development of antimicrobials and vaccines. Bacterial lipoproteins are secreted from the cytosol via the Sec pathway and acylated on an N-terminal cysteine residue through the action of three enzymes. In Gram-negative bacteria, the Lol pathway transports lipoproteins to the outer membrane. Here, we demonstrate that the Aat secretion system is a composite system sharing similarity with elements of a type I secretion systems and the Lol pathway. During secretion, the AatD subunit acylates the substrate CexE on a highly conserved N-terminal glycine residue. Mutations disrupting glycine acylation interfere with membrane incorporation and trafficking. Our data reveal CexE as the first member of a new class of glycine-acylated lipoprotein, while Aat represents a new secretion system that displays the substrate lipoprotein on the cell surface.
Atypical Scar Patterns after Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: Kim Bomin , Kim Beom Jin , Yoon Hong Jip , Lee Hyunsuk , Park Jae Yong , Choi Chang Hwan , Kim Jae Gyu
Published: February 2021

Background/Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric neoplasms is a widely performed procedure. Local recurrence is rare, but various post-ESD scars are encountered during follow-up endoscopy. Therefore, we investigated atypical scar patterns and evaluated the associated factors.Materials and Methods: Clinicopathologic and endoscopic reviews of gastric neoplasms treated with ESD from January 2009 to December 2015 were conducted. Atypical scar patterns were classified as irregular erythema, nodularity, or mucosal defect.Results: A total of 264 patients with 274 gastric neoplasms, including 201 adenomas and 73 early gastric cancers, were enrolled. The key endoscopic findings at the resection scar were defined on the basis of gross morphology as follows: irregular erythema, mucosal defect (erosion or ulcer), and nodularity. An irregular erythema scar pattern was associated with male sex, a nodularity scar pattern with smoking, and a mucosal defect scar pattern with infra-angle location (angle and antrum) and cancer. An irregular erythema with nodularity scar pattern was also associated with male sex. An irregular erythema with nodularity and mucosal defect scar pattern was associated with liver disease and chronic kidney disease.Conclusions: The atypical scar patterns after gastric ESD are associated with various clinicopathologic factors.
Pushing up or pushing out—an initial investigation into horizontal- versus vertical-force training on swimming start performance: a pilot study
Authors: Thng Shiqi , Pearson Simon , Keogh Justin W.L.
Published: February 2021

Background

The block phase in the swimming start requires a quick reaction to the starting signal and a large take-off velocity that is primarily horizontal in direction. Due to the principle of specificity of training, there is a potential benefit of performing a greater proportion of horizontal force production exercises in a swimmers’ dry-land resistance training sessions. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to provide an insight into the effects of a horizontal- (HF) vs vertical-force (VF) training intervention on swim start performance.

Methods

Eleven competitive swimmers (six males (age 20.9 ± 1.8 years, body mass 77.3 ± 9.7 kg, height 1.78 ± 0.05 m) and five females (age 21.4 ± 2.0 years, body mass 67.5 ± 7.4 kg, height 1.69 ± 0.05 m)) completed 2 weekly sessions of either a horizontal- or vertical-force focused resistance training programme for 8 weeks. Squat jump force-time characteristics and swim start kinetic and kinematic parameters were collected pre- and post-intervention.

Results

Across the study duration, the swimmers completed an average of nine swimming sessions per week with an average weekly swim volume of 45.5 ± 17.7 km (HF group) and 53 ± 20.0 km (VF group), but little practice of the swim start per week (n = 9). Within-group analyses indicated a significant increase in predicted one repetition maximum (1RM) hip thrust strength in the HF group, as well as significant increases in grab resultant peak force but reductions in resultant peak force of the block phase for the VF group. No significant between-group differences in predicted 1RM hip thrust and back squat strength, squat jump force-time and swim start performance measures were observed after 8 weeks of training. Significant correlations in the change scores of five block kinetic variables to time to 5 m were observed, whereby increased block kinetic outputs were associated with a reduced time to 5 m. This may be indicative of individual responses to the different training programmes.

Discussion

The results of this current study have been unable to determine whether a horizontal- or vertical-force training programme enhances swim start performance after an 8-week training intervention. Some reasons for the lack of within and between group effects may reflect the large volume of concurrent training and the relative lack of any deliberate practice of the swim start. Larger samples and longer training duration may be required to determine whether significant differences occur between these training approaches. Such research should also look to investigate how a reduction in the concurrent training loads and/or an increase in the deliberate practice of the swim start may influence the potential changes in swim start performance.
The effect of an integrated reading and anxiety intervention for poor readers with anxiety
Authors: Francis Deanna , Hudson Jennifer L. , Kohnen Saskia , Mobach Lynn , McArthur Genevieve M.
Published: February 2021

A recent systematic review has reported that poor reading is reliably associated with anxiety. However, we currently lack evidence-based intervention for children who have both poor reading and anxiety (PRAX). In this study, we tested a new PRAX intervention in 8- to 12-year-old children using a double-baseline intervention case series design. Analyses of both group and individual data revealed that 12 weeks of PRAX intervention significantly improved children’s reading and spelling accuracy, and significantly reduced both anxiety disorders and symptoms. These results support PRAX intervention as a treatment for comorbid reading and anxiety problems in children and pave the way to a randomised controlled trial.
Goal Orientation, Need for Achievement and Meaning: Psychobiographical Investigation of Füreya Koral
Authors: HARLAK Hacer , KARAKAŞ Gözde SAYIN , KARSLI Feyza
Published: February 2021

Psikobiyografi çalışmaları, kişilerin yaşamlarının psikoloji kuramları çerçevesinde sosyo-kültürel bir bağlamda ele alınmasına dayanmaktadır. Bu psikobiyografi çalışmasında bir sanatçının tüm yaşamını etkilemiş olan güdüleri, güdülenme
süreci, hedefleri ve oluşturma süreçleri, başarı ve anlam ihtiyacı kavramlarıyla ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada psikobiyografi metodolojisi olarak önerilen beş aşama izlenmiştir. (1) Türkiye’de modern seramik sanatının öncüsü olan
ve geç sayılabilecek yaşta sanata başlamasına karşın çok başarılı olan Füreya Koral’ın yaşamı incelenmek üzere seçilmiştir. (2) Füreya hakkında veri toplamak üzere sanat dergileri, gazeteler, sergi katalogları ve Ayşe Kulin’in
yazarı olduğu biyografik bir roman kaynak olarak alınmıştır. (3) Sanatçının seramik sanatına duyduğu tutkunun gerisindeki güdüleri analiz etmek üzere hedef oluşturma, başarı ihtiyacı ve anlam ihtiyacı kavramları belirlenmiştir.
(4). Seçilen kavramlar analitik kodlama kategorileri oluşturularak kişinin yaşam dönemlerine uygulanmıştır. (5). Analizler sonucunda kişin hedefleri “tedavi hedefleri” ve “sanatsal hedefler” olmak üzere iki grupta toplanmıştır.
Hedeflerin belirlenmesinde mevcut-ideal uyuşmazlığının yaşandığı, hedeflere ulaşmada test et-işlet-test et-bitir (T-O-T-E) sürecinin işletildiği belirlenmiştir. Füreya’nın hedeflerinin ulaşılması zor, özgül ve uzun erimli olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Somut hedeflere ulaşarak gerçekleştirebileceği soyut hedeflerinin olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Öte yandan başarı ihtiyacının güçlü olduğu ve başlangıçta performans hedeflerine sahipken, zamanla ustalaşma hedeflerine
yöneldiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca anlam ihtiyacı da yüksek düzeydedir. Bu çalışmada hedef, başarı ihtiyacı ve anlam arama güdülenmelerine ilişkin kavramsal açıklamaların belirli bir kişinin hayatının incelenmesindeki kullanışlılığının
desteklendiği söylenebilir. Ayrıca çalışma, sistematik analiz içeren bir psikobiyografi olarak, gelecekte aynı veya farklı kavramlarla başka kişilerin de yaşamının incelendiği psikobiyografi çalışmaları için bir örnek sayılabilir.
An Antithesis up Against Western Christian Culture and Art: The Metacritics of Islam Aesthetic
Authors: ÜLGER Emir Hasan
Published: February 2021

Bu incelemede İslam estetiği üzerine episteme-ontolojik bir değerlendirme yapılmak istenmiştir. İslam estetiği, İslam kültürü içinde birbirinden farklı pek çok kültürde yapısal olarak benzer şekilde ortaya çıkan sanatsal üretim sisteminin
hem araç ve yöntemini hem de sınırlarını tayin eden düşünsel uzlaşının en genel adı olmaktadır. İslam estetiği üzerine bir inceleme yaparken akılda tutulması gereken temel ilke, İslam estetiğini kendine özgü ontoloji ve epistemoloji
içinde ele almaktır. Bu noktada düşüncede radikal bir değişime ihtiyaç vardır. Batı estetiğinin kendi içinden çıkan kavramlarıyla ve geleneğiyle İslam estetiğini değerlendirmeye çalışmak hatalı olacaktır çünkü İslam sanatı daha
başlangıçta kendisini batı sanat ve kültürüne karşıt bir kültür olarak konumlandırmıştır. Bu incelemede İslam estetik geleneğinin ontolojik kökeni, duyarlılık kavramına bakış, estetize edilmiş bir dünya yaratma fikri, insan yaşamına
insan eliyle katılacak güzel şeylerin varlığı düşüncesi, güzelin kavramsal gerçekliğinin kavranabilmesi için maddesel dünyadan soyut olana yönelen estetik tecrübenin genel kavramsal çerçevesi irdelenmiştir. İslam estetiği üzerine
bilinen en yaygın hatalardan birisi de “suret yasağı ve perspektif” ile ilgilidir. İslam estetiğinde sanatın yapıcı güçleri, batı sanatı gibi tarih içinde evrensel olarak ilerleyen, rasyonel ve bütünlüklü bir sistem ortaya çıkartmaz;
aksine İslam sanatı, minör olanı, tikel sanat yapıtlarının hakikatini açığa çıkartmak ister. Bu tikel sanat yapıtlarının varlığı ve hakikatinin açığa çıkartılması da ancak hermeneutik ve fenomenolojik ama aynı zamanda varoluşsal
bir analitiği gerektirmektedir. Bu incelemede İslam estetiği üzerine var olan geleneksel tezlere karşı eleştirel bir analiz yapılmak istenmiştir. Bu amaçla İslam estetiğinin genel sınırları, gelişimi ve estetik hamlelerinin episteme-ontolojik
arka planı tartışmaya açılmak istenmiştir.
Private High School Students’ English Demotivation and Their Stereotyped Thoughts about Foreign Languages: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: YANPAR YELKEN Tuğba , BAYSAL Seda
Published: February 2021

This research aims to analyze the private high school students’ English demotivation and their stereotyped thoughts about foreign languages. One of the mixed method research design, the concurrent triangulation design (Qualitative+Quantitative)
was deployed in the present study. The research was carried out with students who learn at private high schools located within the province of Kahramanmaraş during 2018-2019 academic year. The research sample held a total of 298
students who were selected by random sampling method. The qualitative part of the study was conducted on the basis of the selection of the students for the focus group interview. The research utilized a criterion sampling method,
one of the purposeful sampling methods, while determining the participants. The research employed the “Personal Information Form”, “English Demotivation Scale” and “Stereotyped Thoughts about Foreign Languages Scale” developed
as the quantitative data collection tools, while focus group interview as a qualitative data collection. The students’ demotivation in English and their stereotyped thoughts about foreign languages were sought through the use of
a semi-structured interview form consisting of 5 open-ended questions. Frequency analysis, independent-samples t-test, one way variance of analysis (ANOVA) and significance test (Bonferroni) were used during quantitative data analysis.
Direct quotations were presented as a result of the focus group interviews. The research results revealed that private high school students had a higher level of demotivation in English. Besides, the students’ demotivation levels
were found to be free from any significant difference in terms of gender and receiving a foreign language course in advance, while a statistically significant difference was identified across their class level. Research results
also suggested that the stereotyped thoughts about foreign languages level of the private high school students was above average. No significant difference was determined across the students’ stereotyped thoughts about foreign
languages in terms of their gender, class level and receiving a foreign language course in advance. The qualitative findings of the research supported those obtained from the quantitative research. Based upon the research results,
various recommendations have been developed. The teaching materials such as course books may be supplemented via e-content, 2d-code and augmented reality applications. In-service trainings or seminars may be organized for the teachers
to have gain deep information about increasing the students’ motivation and eliminating their stereotyped thoughts.
An Investigation of University Students' Attitudes Towards Gender Roles in Terms Of Some Demographic Variables
Authors: YILMAZ Nihan , ÇİÇEK Birgül
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının cinsiyet, yaş, öğrenim gördüğü sınıfı gibi değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmış, Türkiye’de lisans eğitimine devam eden farklı
sosyo-demografik özelliklere sahip 270 üniversite öğrencileri ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri SPSS.21 programında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma hipotezlerinin testinde İki Grup Arasındaki Farkın Anlamlılık Testi (T testi)
ve Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (ANOVA) testleri yapılmıştır. ANOVA sonucunda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandığı durumlarda varyansların homojen olduğu durumlarda ikili karşılaştırmalar için Tukey Testi, varyansların homojen
olmadığı durumlarda ise Tamhane’s T2 Testi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; araştırma kapsamına alınan öğrencilerin TCRTÖ puan ortalaması =162,58±30,55 olup, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının eşitlikçi
yönde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca öğrencilerin demografik ve ailesel özellikleri açısından toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumları incelendiğinde; öğrencilerin cinsiyeti, üniversite okurken yaşadığı yer, anne ve baba eğitim
düzeyleri, ailenin toplam aylık geliri ile TCRT Ölçeği ve alt boyutları arasında anlamlı bir fark tespit edilmemiştir (p>0.05). Bununla birlikte; öğrencilerin yaşı, sınıfı, aile gelirini algılama düzeyi ve aile tipine göre toplumsal
cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının; yaşamının çoğunluğunu geçirdiği yere göre ise “evlilik cinsiyet rolleri” ve “erkek cinsiyet rolleri”ne ilişkin tutumlarının istatistiksel olarak fark gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (p<0.05).
Band Engineering via Gradient Molecular Dopants for CsFA Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Huang Ziru , Wei Mingyang , Proppe Andrew Harald , Chen Hao , Chen Bin , Hou Yi , Ning Zhijun , Sargent Edward
Published: February 2021

Perovskites with the multi‐cation composition of cesium (Cs), methylammonium (MA), and formamidinium (FA) (CsMAFA) are pursued for their high power conversion efficiencies, but they are limited by their thermal stability. To withstand damp‐heat accelerated aging MA‐free compositions such as CsFA are of interest, but these exhibit lower carrier diffusion lengths and thus lesser performance in photovoltaic devices. A band engineering strategy that overcomes limited carrier diffusion within inverted perovskite solar cells based on CsFA is reported. A joint experimental‐computational study shows that treating the perovskite with an n‐type molecular dopant increases band bending, shaping the electric field across the active layer to overcome limited diffusive transport. Using this strategy, CsFA solar cell devices with stabilized power conversion efficiencies of 20.3%, a high value for devices using CsFA active layers, are fabricated.
Electromagnetic Resonance‐Modulated Magnetic Emission in Europium‐Doped Sub‐Micrometer Zirconia Spheres
Authors: Cheng Xizhe , Zhuo Xiaolu , Jiang Ruibin , Wang Zhi‐Guo , Wang Jianfang , Lin Hai‐Qing
Published: February 2021

Light–matter interaction involving magnetic resonance at optical frequencies has recently been extensively investigated for the development of optical metamaterials. Nevertheless, effective manipulation of magnetic dipole transitions at optical frequencies is rarely demonstrated. Herein is reported on an aerosol‐spray method for the gram‐scale production of all‐dielectric europium‐doped sub‐micrometer zirconia spheres, which support strong magnetic Mie resonances. In contrast to previous structures where magnetic dipole emitters are positioned outside dielectric nanoresonators, this structure offers an unprecedented opportunity for the light emitters to access the strong magnetic field within the dielectric nanoresonator. This unique architecture allows the magnetic emission from the doped europium ions to be effectively manipulated. Moreover, in gold nanosphere–europium‐doped zirconia sphere heterostructures, the electric dipole emissions of the europium ions are enhanced strongly by the plasmon resonance of the gold nanospheres, while the magnetic dipole emission is weakly affected, suggesting much weaker interaction between the magnetic dipole transition and the electric resonance. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using all‐dielectric nanoresonators for selectively manipulating the magnetic dipole emissions from embedded quantum emitters. In addition, this cost‐effective and productive synthesis method opens up many possibilities for the wide use of lanthanide‐doped dielectric nanoresonators in the field of nanophotonics.