bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Amendments to the Value Added Tax Law between Indonesia and Malaysia to Regulate Murabaha Transactions
Authors: Adi Purwanto Thesa , . .
Published: July 2019

Islamic banking in their activity base on Islamic principles that is agreement regulation on Islamic Law between Bank and others to saving and or financing an activity or business which suit Islamic role. There are several forms of financing, such as financing on sharing profit principle (mudharabah), financing on participation principle (musyarakah), transaction goods principle which get profit (murabaha), financing capital goods on rent principle without choice (ijarah), or with transfer authority over the rent goods from bank to others (ijarah wa iqtina). Furthermore, development of Islamic banking either in Indonesia or Malaysia must be followed with new law and regulation from their government, especially for rules on taxation over transaction on Islamic banking. This is critical because there are different interpretation and argumentation between practitioners of Islamic banking and the government about the subject of Value Added Tax on murabaha transaction. This research used a qualitative approach, using literature study, which emphasizes books as an object and field study with collecting data by interviewing and also using secondary data. As a result, both Indonesia and Malaysia has undergone essential steps to provide Islamic finance with appropriate banking and tax regulations that have succeeded in supporting the Islamic financial system.
Quality Prediction Modeling of Palm Oil Refining Plant in Malaysia Using Artificial Neural Network Models
Authors: Sulaiha Sulaiman Nurul , Mohd-Yusof Khairiyah , Mohd-Saion Asngari
Published: July 2019

Malaysia is currently one of the biggest producers and exporters of palm oil and palm oil products. In the growth of palm oil industry in Malaysia, quality of the refined oil is a major concern where off-specification products will be rejected thus causing a great loss in profit. In this paper, predictive modeling of refined palm oil quality in one palm oil refining plant in Malaysia is proposed for online quality monitoring purposes. The color of the crude oil, Free Fatty acid (FFA) content, bleaching earth dosage, citric acid dosage, activated carbon dosage, deodorizer pressure and deodorizer temperature were studied in this paper. The industrial palm oil refinery data were used as input and output to the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Various trials were examined for training all three ANN models using number of nodes in the hidden layer varying from 10 to 25. All three models were trained and tested reasonably well to predict FFA content, red and yellow color quality of the refined palm oil efficiently with small error. Therefore, the models can be further implemented in palm oil refinery plant as online prediction system.
Biomedical Arrhythmia Heart Diseases Classification Based on Artificial Neural Network and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Subbiah Stalin , Subramanian Suresh
Published: July 2019

In present day, several types of developments are carried toward the medical application.  There has been increased improvement in the processing of ECG signals. The accurate detection of ECG signals with the help of detection of P, Q, R and S waveform. However these waveforms are suffered from some disturbances like noise.  Initially denoising the ECG signal using filters and detect the PQRS waveforms. Four filters are carried out to remove the ECG noises that are Median, Gaussian, FIR and Butterworth filter. ECG signal is analyzed or classify using Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and it compared with Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN). The paper classifies the ECG signal into two classes, Normal and Abnormal. ECG waveform is detected and analyzed using the 48 records of the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. Denoising results are evaluated using MSE, RMSE, PSNR, NAE and NCC. The classifier performance is measured in terms of Sensitivity (Se), Positive Predictivity (PP) and Specificity (SP).
Free and Moving Boundary Problems of Heat and Mass Transfer
Authors: Kanakadurga Devi P , G. Naidu V , Mamatha K , Naresh B
Published: July 2019

Bisection method is used to solve a moving boundary problem. This moving boundary problem was solved by the maze of mathematical manipulations by several authors. The method of using bisection is simple as compared to the lengthy mathematical manipulation of other methods. The procedure of the paper is useful in other moving boundary problems of heat and mass transfer, including boundary value problems involving ordinary differential equations with unknown interval length.
Improved Ant Colony on Feature Selection and Weighted Ensemble to Neural Network Based Multimodal Disease Risk Prediction (WENN-MDRP) Classifier for Disease Prediction Over Big Data
Authors: Nkundimana Joel Gakwaya , Manju Priya S
Published: July 2019

As the big data is growing in biomedical and healthcare communities, so are precise analyses of medical data aids, premature disease identification, patient care as well as community services. On the other hand, the accuracy of the analysis decreases, if the medical data quality is imperfect. As a result, the choice of features from the dataset turns out to be an extremely significant task. Feature selection has exposed its efficiency in numerous applications by means of constructing modest and more comprehensive models, enlightening learning performance and preparing clean and clear data. The proposed method analyzes the difficulties of feature selection for big data analytics.  Improved Ant Colony Optimization based Feature Selection (IACO) algorithm is presented for resolving this issue. The reconstruction of missing data before the incomplete data available was performed with help of latent factor mode. Therefore, it was not easy to choose the best features from the structured and unstructured data. the unheard technique which is called Weighted Ensemble Based Neural Network for multimodal disease risk prediction(WENN-MDRP) algorithm is implemented in order to provide the best features selection among structured as well as unstructured data. The research method provides improved prediction accuracy when matched with conventional techniques. In the MATLAB environment, the presented classifiers are implemented. The outcomes are computed in regard to recall, precision, accuracy, f-measure and error rate.
Part of Speech Tagging for Arabic Long Sentence
Authors: H. Aliwy Ahmed , A. Al_Raza Duaa
Published: July 2019

Part Of Speech (POS) tagging of Arabic words is a difficult and non-travail task it was studied in details for the last twenty years and its performance affects many applications and tasks in area of natural language processing (NLP). The sentence in Arabic language is very long compared with English sentence. This affect tagging process for any approach deals with complete sentence at once as in Hidden Markov Model HMM tagger. In this paper, new approach is suggested for using HMM and n-grams taggers for tagging Arabic words in a long sentence. The suggested approach is very simple and easy to implement. It is implemented on data set of 1000 documents of 526321 tokens annotated manually (containing punctuations). The results shows that the suggested approach has higher accuracy than HMM and n-gram taggers. The F-measures were 0.888, 0.925 and 0.957 for n-grams, HMM and the suggested approach respectively.
Cloud Based Medical Image Data Analytics in Healthcare Management
Authors: A. Karthika R , Dhinakaran K , Poorvaja D , V. Shanbaga Priya A
Published: July 2019

In today’s world, the images form a huge amount of unstructured data from the public and the corporate sector. As a result of the growth of these types of data, modern analytical systems need to interpret and assimilate images. This brings in the need of image processing which involves the transformation from images to analytically organized and structured data. It performs required operation on the given input image and returns the related outputs based on the query. Digital image processing has pushed the envelope for the appraisal in various domains such as healthcare, defense and security, remote sensing, robotic visions, pattern recognitions and satellites. The complication involved in the healthcare domain makes it suitable to explore and induce the concept of image processing and increases the potential for prescriptive analytics. The cloud combined with the Image Processing provides the best environment for analyzing these images using the proposed technique. The proposed work involves processing the input images using the cloud data analytics that provides a user-friendly environment and retrieves the relevant images as well as text for the given user query which produces the outputs that are more efficient in terms of parameters like time, size, security and speed comparatively with the existing data mining process.
Research on Human Activity Identification Based on Image Processing and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Moses Dass Alex Praywin , Ravikumar Akash , Selvaraj Jerritta , Sahayadhas Arun
Published: July 2019

Recognizing the activities of humans through computer vision techniques is an important area of research. This area of research leads to various applications such as patient monitoring, fall detection, surveillance and human-computer interface. The capability for recognizing these acts lays foundation for developing highly intelligent and decision making systems. Generally, most of the mentioned applications requires automatic recognition of high-level activities, consisting of simple actions of multiple persons. Usually, the intelligence to the system is delivered only if these activities are properly classified. This paper addresses various machine learning algorithms used in classifying various activities such as Multi-Layer Perceptron, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes and SVM algorithms. This paper provides classification of general to complex human activities through comparison study and performance evaluation of these mentioned algorithms using very large set of images. This review will provide much needed information for further research in more productive areas.
Web Page Recommendation System Using Laplace Correction Dependent Probability and Chronological Dragonfly-Based Clustering
Authors: Narayan Jadhav Jyoti , Arunkumar B
Published: July 2019

The web page recommenders predict and recommend the web pages to the users based on the behavior of their search history. The web page recommender system analyzes the semantics of the navigation by the user and predicts the related web pages for the user. Various recommender systems have been developed in the literature for the web page recommendation. In the first work, a web page recommendation system was developed using weighted sequential pattern mining and Wu and Li Index Fuzzy clustering (WLI-FC) algorithm. In this work, the Chronological based Dragonfly Algorithm (Chronological-DA) is proposed for recommending the webpage to the users. The proposed Chronological-DA algorithm includes the concept of the chronological for recommending the webpage based on the history of pages visited by the users. Also, the proposed recommendation system uses the concept of Laplacian correction for defining the recommendation probability. Simulation of the proposed webpage recommendation system with the chronological-DA uses the standard CTI and the MSNBC database for the experimentation, and the experimental results prove that the proposed scheme has better values of 1, 0.964, and 0.973 for precision, recall, and F-measure respectively.
A Low Cost Thermal Imaging System for Medical Diagnostic Applications
Authors: Jayalatsumi U , Feza Naaz A , Sravani3 Kodavaluru , Anusha A , Vasavi Alla
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a low cost thermal imaging system for medical diagnostic applications. Available systems are expensive and are mostly meant for industrial applications. In this paper the existing system which is a basic system consisting of thermopile based sensor which produces thermal array is replaced with a “Thermal Imaging Camera” for medical diagnosis applications. The thermal camera scans the entire body of the individual to diagnose the diseases ie, infrared radiations from the human body part and then converts them to electronic signal. If there is any lump or any other unusual change inside the body, then the body temperature at that particular part will alone be high or low which indicates the “Hypo” or “Hyper” condition of the disease. Scene captured by the thermal camera is represented as a matrix. Each element of matrix represents a temperature value. Temperature values are divided into different ranges and each range is represented by an RGB value by the Raspberry Pi.  Based on this thermal camera image we can detect the exact location in individual body part and further for that part alone we can take test and detect what kind of disease the individual is suffering. This system can be used in wide applications in the field of medicine such as detection of breast cancer, fever screening, thyroid disease detection, early detection of risk for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Reynaud’s phenomenon, orthopedics etc.
Ergo-aesthetic approach through senses and behavioral assessment
Authors: Ezran Zainal Abdullah Muhamad , Aidil Azlin Abd Rahman Khair
Published: July 2019

In general, the concept of ergo-aesthetic discloses the equilibrium of human behavioral character with form, shape, and symbolism inside a designed product. In fact, this harmony synthesis can be achieved throughout responses of behavior and senses inside a design process. Through the adaptation of ergo-aesthetic, humans will be able to achieve greater satisfaction with the designed product as they will positively interact and respond proportionally to it. In this context, ergo-aesthetic principles will replace the traditional method of evaluating and adapting ergonomic and aesthetic into the design process to achieve a better output product. Essentially, ergonomic and aesthetic are fundamental components that need to be considered throughout the design process procedures. The synergy between these two aspects may facilitate in optimizing the efficiency of the design process which will contribute to a higher output quality. Additionally, behavior and culture are also significant as they function as bonding agents for ergonomic and aesthetic to merge harmonically. Thus, implementing ergo-aesthetic principles into design process through behavior and cultural perspectives may lead to the enhancement of the output quality of a product.Â Â
Intelligent Replication Strategy using Neural Network for High Availability in Cloud Environment
Authors: Hasni Noriha , Mohamad Zarina , Ahmad Fadhilah , Nor Shuhadah Wan Nik Wan , Mat Deris Mustafa
Published: July 2019

Cloud computing system has gained its popularity due to its ability to produce efficient data center storage management. Data center has to be available regardless of large amounts of data request. The performance of the system will be degraded if lack of data management in the data center. Data replication is one of the strategies to ensure the data is always available once it is needed. Thus, in this paper will propose an intelligent replication strategy in private cloud environment using Neural Network (NN) Feed Forward and Back Propagation methods. The performance of the propose strategy is analyzed by using a cloud simulator called Cloudsim. A data center, virtual machines and cloudlets are tested for their ability to produce replication by applying Feed Forward NN for pattern recognition, followed by Back Propagation NN to train and produce the Root Mean Square Error. Hence, the Root Mean Square is used to produce data availability and the data availability is used as the triggering factor in this replication strategy. The experimental result shows that the proposed strategy has reduced the response time of replication process and enhanced the availability of the data in cloud computing system.Â Â
Software development outsourcing risk factors and severity level: An empirical investigation
Authors: Abd Wahab Alawiyah , Yahaya Jamaiah , Ahmad Faudziah , Farina Zakaria Siti , Razak Hamdan Abdul , Deraman Aziz
Published: July 2019

Software development outsourcing has become an important business strategy both in the public and private sectors not only in Malaysia but also worldwide. This is because it has the potential of lowering the operation cost, improving the quality of service and gaining access to advanced technological expertise. Although outsourcing can be very beneficial, it entails risks that could cause significant loss if organizations fail to identify and manage them. This study aims to identify and assess the severity level of risk factors involved in an outsourced software development project from the practitionersâ€™ perspective. Therefore, a survey has been conducted with 132 practitioners from the public sectors in the selected states within the northern Peninsular Malaysia. The survey included the risk factors identified in a thorough literature review study. The total mean value indicated of six main risk factors, four main risk factors are very highly critical.Â
New Hybrid Conjugate Gradient Method with Global Convergence Properties under Exact Line Search
Authors: Salih Yasir , Mamat Mustafa , Rivaie Mohd , Abashar Abdelrhaman , Afendee Mohamed Mohamad
Published: July 2019

Conjugate Gradient (CG) method is a very useful technique for solving large-scale nonlinear optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a new formula for 12Ø®Â²k"> , which is a hybrid of PRP and WYL methods. This method possesses sufficient descent and global convergence properties when used with exact line search. Numerical results indicate that the new formula has higher efficiency compared with other classical CG methods.Â
Comparing Generalized Linear Model of Count Data: Application towards Pteridophyta species
Authors: Asrul Affendi Abdullah Mohd , Afiqah Muhamad Jamil Siti , Kormin Faridah , Mamat Mustafa
Published: July 2019

Pteridophyta is known as â€œpaku-pakisâ€ in Malay and it is one the flora species that exists in ecological system. Besides, Pteridophyta is one of the species that need to be preserved. Either flora or fauna, both are very important to preserve the ecosystem and control the pollution. In order to observe the species, the fundamental unit of all diversity metrics is a count of specific individuals. In some consequences, the uncorrected counts of observed species often used in measuring the diversity which ignore detection together and established methods to be used to account for missed species. Analysis of count data is widely used in engineering, public health, epidemiology, medical studies, ecology and many research of interest. Rarity increases the number of locations with zero detection in excess of those expected under simple models of abundance. The aims of this study are to compare the Generalized Linear Model (GLiM) in the application of Pteridophyta species of count data.Â Â
Solving Dual Fuzzy Nonlinear Equations via Shamanskii Method
Authors: Mohammed Sulaiman Ibrahim , Mamat Mustafa , Zamri Nurnadiah , Liza Ghazali Puspa
Published: July 2019

New ideas on numerical methods for solving fuzzy nonlinear equations have spread quickly across the globe. However, most of the methods available are based on Newtonâ€™s approach whose performance is impaired by either discontinuity or singularity of the Jacobian at the solution point. Also, the study of dual fuzzy nonlinear equations is yet to be explored by many researchers. Thus, in this paper, a numerical method to investigate the solution of dual fuzzy nonlinear equations is proposed. This method reduces the computational cost of Jacobian evaluation at every iteration. The fuzzy coeï¬ƒcients are presented in its parametric form. Numerical results obtained have shown that the proposed method is efficient.Â
Deficiency of finite difference methods for capturing shock waves and wave propagation over uneven bottom seabed
Authors: Fadhli Ahmad Mohammad , Sofiyan Suliman Mohd , . .
Published: July 2019

The implementation of finite difference method is used to solve shallow water equations under the extreme conditions. The cases such as dam break and wave propagation over uneven bottom seabed are selected to test the ordinary schemes of Lax-Friederichs and Lax-Wendroff numerical schemes. The test cases include the source term for wave propagation and exclude the source term for dam break. The main aim of this paper is to revisit the application of Lax-Friederichs and Lax-Wendroff numerical schemes at simulating dam break and wave propagation over uneven bottom seabed. For the case of the dam break, the two steps of Lax-Friederichs scheme produce non-oscillation numerical results, however, suffering from some of dissipation. Moreover, the two steps of Lax-Wendroff scheme suffers a very bad oscillation. It seems that these numerical schemes cannot solve the problem at discontinuities which leads to oscillation and dissipation. For wave propagation case, those numerical schemes produce inaccurate information of free surface and velocity due to the uneven seabed profile. Therefore, finite difference is unable to model shallow water equations under uneven bottom seabed with high accuracy compared to the analytical solution.Â Â
Anselm, the Holy Trinity, and the Relative Identity Thesis
Authors: Conn Christopher Hughes
Published: July 2019

Anselm’s On the Incarnation of the Word is presented as a letter to Pope Urban II for the purpose of exposing and correcting the theological errors of Roscelin of Compiègne, who maintained that since only the Son became incarnate, we must conclude that the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit are numerically distinct substances. In this paper I argue that Anselm’s rejection of this conclusion involves an account of the Holy Trinity which includes a strongly relativized conception of identity, that is, one which allows an object x and an object y to be the same F, but different Gs. I further contend that Anselm buttresses this account with two non-theological examples of relative identity. Although it may well be the case that advocates of Latin Trinitarianism are generally committed to such an account, since they affirm that the Father is the same substance as the Son but not the same person as the Son, I take Anselm’s defense of this position to be theologically significant, first, because it may well be the first explicit defense of Relative Trinitarianism, and second, because Anselm’s position as a bishop and a Doctor of the Church is (for Catholics, at least) an indication of its theological soundness.
Investigation of Used Engine Oil Lubricating Performance Through Oil Analysis and Friction and Wear Measurements
Authors: Nagy András Lajos , Knaup Jan Christopher , Zsoldos Ibolya
Published: July 2019

Engine oil degradation during long-term engine operation is a well-researched topic, however, the effect of biofuels and synthetic compounds is not fully understood. In order to characterise novel fuel related phenomena in an engine a basis of studies should be established with state-of-the-art engines and conventional fuels and lubricants. This study aims at describing the behaviour of used engine oils throughout their service life based on friction and wear measurements with oil samples from three identical light-duty direct injection supercharged diesel engines. Oil samples were taken from each engine every 50 hours between oil changes to determine physical properties and chemical composition. Friction and wear measurements were conducted on a high-frequency reciprocating rig. The results show strong correlation between oil service life and boron content, as well as acid number and base number. A similar correlation between coefficient of friction with used samples and boron content as well as soot content was observed. A simple model based on a polynomial fitting function was proposed to predict friction and wear from boron content, total acid number and total base number.
THE NEW PHYSICAL EDUCATION AT SCHOOL: CORRECTIONAL AND HEALTH-IMPROVING USAGE OF STUDENTS’ PHYSIOLOGICAL INDEXES AS MARKERS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH DISORDERS
Authors: Gorelik V , Filippova C
Published: July 2019

Aim. The article deals with establishing the efficiency of applying control and measuring indexes at Physical Education classes (physical development indexes, heart rate variability) as factors of health development and academic performance assessment. Materials and methods. We examined 20 fifth-grade male pupils (n = 20) from school No 90 (Togliatti), who formed  the basic experimental group and followed a correction and development program. We also examined pupils of the same gender, age, and number at school No 91 (Togliatti) to form the control group with a standard school program. The following methods of diagnostics were used: a computer program ‘Express Assessment of Pupils’ Physical Health’ and heart rate variability assessment by means of Varicard 2.51 hardware and software complex. Results. The article provides the experimental justification of using the dynamics of functional indicators (physical development indexes, heart rate variability) as control and measuring indexes at Physical Education classes. We established that at the initial stage of the pedagogical experiment there were no significant differences between the indicators of physical health in the experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, after lessons, including the selection of correction and development exercises depending on physical development indexes and heart rate variability, we registered a significant improvement of the parameters studied. In the control group, there were no significant changes in physical development or health status. Therefore, physiological markers provide a maximal objectivation of physical development, health, and academic progress assessment in pupils at PE lessons. Conclusion. Measuring physical development and health indexes in screening mode allows: 1) to perform a dynamic control of children ontogenesis, 2) to detect and promptly prevent dysontogenesis, 3) to prevent schoolchildren’s disadaptation after overloads.
AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATUS AND TEMPERATURE HOMEOSTASIS IN HIGHLY SKILLED FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Zakharieva N , Alhakim A
Published: July 2019

Aim. The article deals with establishing the features of morphofunctional characteristics and temperature balance in highly skilled football players aged 17–21. Materials and methods. Within the framework of the study, the following methods have been used: questioning; anthropometry; dynamometry; spirometry; echocardiography; electrocardiography at rest and before physical activities; functional measurements and tests; assessment of the thermal status. 18 football players participated in the study (the team from the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism). Results. We revealed significant age-related differences in the integral indicator of the life index. At the first stage of maturity, we registered an increase of the life index, which indicates the improvement of the functional reserves of the respiratory system under regular physical loads connected with playing football. We studied the indicators of physical performance and aerobic capacities in the football players of different age groups. We revealed age-related differences in physical performance during a two-stage PWC170 test with a submaximal physical load of 70–80 % of VO2 max. We also revealed age-related differences in the indicators of external respiration in highly skilled football players. The assessment of the thermal status was conducted with temperature measurement in 5 areas: the forehead, chest, abdomen, thigh, and back (CorTemp® body temperature recorder). The most pronounced diffe­rences in temperature were registered in athletes with various results in the PWC170 test. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate an adaptive increase of average-weighted skin temperature during the first load and active involvement of such a mechanism of heat loss like sweat evaporation during the second load. Two types of temperature curves are distinguished in accordance with temperature changes: the inert type and plastic type. The plastic type is characterized by a decrease of average skin temperature below the temperature at rest after a pause before the second load. The inert type is characterized by a smooth increase in skin temperature during the first load. A further increase was two times lower than that of the first load.
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN HEALTHY STUDENTS AND STUDENTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES
Authors: Sukhinina K , Aleksandrovich O , Kolesnikova A , Pavlov A , Kudryavtsev M
Published: July 2019

Aim. The article deals with establishing correlations between personal characteristics and physical fitness in healthy students and students with chronic diseases. Materials and Methods. 426 first-year male and female students from the Irkutsk State University took part in the study. In all first-year students, we studied personal psychological characteristics: personal adaptation potential, motivation to success, anthropometric data (body weight, body height, BMI). We also studied the parameters of physical fitness. Results. In healthy female students, we revealed a direct correlation between physical fitness (pull ups) and personal adaptation potential. In females with chronic diseases, we established a direct correlation between abdominal muscles strength and personal adaptation potential. In healthy males, we found out the dependence between BMI and motivation to success. Conclusion. In first-year students (male and female), we revealed the positive correlations between personal characteristics and physical fitness.
Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Kerjasama dengan Sistim Franchise Pada Bisnis Ritel
Authors: Mahmudah Siti
Published: July 2019

Franchise yang   merupakan metode pemasaran modern yang berkembang begitu cepat di dunia ,  termasuk di Indonesia ,antara lain , antara lain dapat dilihat dengan menjamurnya outlet – outlet Alfa mart , Indomart di daerah – daerah di Indonesia .    Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaturan kerja sama bisnis franchise di Indonesia pada bisnis ritel dan  bagaimana hubungan hukum antara Franchisor dan Franchisee dalam bisnis ritel tersebut ?Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah metode  penelitian  doktrinal atau yuridis normatif. Data yang dipergunakn adalah data sekunder yang merefer pada data kepustakaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa belum ada peraturan khusus yang mengatur kerjasama dengan sistim franchise pada bisnis ritel.  Sebagai landasan operasional adalah perjanjian Franchise yang secara umum tunduk pada ketentun umum Buku III KUH Perdata dan Peraturan Pemerintah No 42  Tentang Waralaba, hubungan hukum para pihak dapat diketahui  dari perjanjian yang tersebar dalam pasal – pasal  perjanjian tersebut yang merupakan undang – undang bagi franchisee maupun franchisor.
IMPLIKASI PENGADAAN LAHAN RELOKASI TERHADAP PEDAGANG KAKI LIMA PASAR SURYOKUSUMO TLOGOSARI DI SEMARANG
Authors: Syarif Prakoso Ramzy , Aminah Aminah
Published: July 2019

The relocation of Tlogosari street vendors to the street park Suryokusumo road shelter is still reaping polemics among traders. Process of land acquisition for market street vendor Suryokusumo Tlogosari relocation is carried out by the Semarag City government because the distance is not so far from the initial location. Granting of HPL  on HGB must be based on a written agreement. Granting of HGB is used by street vendors for only 3 years and can be guaranteed only 2 years for which 1 year is used for an extension application. The implication of relocation is that the location where the relocation to the Suyokusumo shelter is not strategic has resulted in many people not knowing the whereabouts of the relocation, having the status of a trading place and business certainty, a quiet relocation environment far from the reach of buyers. Keywords : Relocation, The land acquisition, Street Vendors     Abstrak Relokasi pedagang kaki lima Tlogosari ke shelter jalan Taman Suryokusumo masih menuai polemik diantara para pedagang. Proses pengadan lahan untuk relokasi pedagang kaki lima pasar Suryokusumo Tlogosari dilakukan oleh pemerintah Kota Semarang karena jaraknya tidak begitu jauh dari lokasi awal. Pemberian Hak Guna Bangunan diatas tanah Hak Pengelolan harus dilakukan berdasarkan perjanjian tertulis. Pemberian Hak Guna Bangunan digunakan oleh pedagang kaki lima hanya 3 tahun dan bisa di jaminkan hanya 2 tahun yang 1 tahun digunakan permohonan perpanjangan. Adapun implikasinya terhadap relokasi adalah Lokasi tempat relokasi ke shelter Suyokusumo yang tidak strategis mengakibatkan banyak masyarakat tidak mengetahui keberadaan relokasi tersebut, lingkungan relokasi yang sepi jauh dari jangkauan pembeli.            Kata Kunci : Relokasi, Pengadaan Lahan, Pedagang Kaki Lima
USA Public School Educators’ Perceptions of Electronically Delivered Professional Development Modules
Authors: McCay Joel
Published: July 2019

School meetings, which today are often called teacher workshops are to conduct teacher professional development which may still be desired by today’s teachers. This study was to discover if technological alternatives might be desired by one public school system in the USA. Choices included delivery of professional development via web-based learning material, CD-ROM, and PDF documents as downloadable files for print from the Internet. A questionnaire was designed to find out which media was selected most often for delivery of their own professional development. The study material for this investigation served as professional development modules. Data from surveys were collected to discover why they select them, and whether or not they prefer those modes of professional development to the more traditional modes previously experienced such as teacher meetings/workshops. There were 28 participants in this study. To assess the role of the media for delivery of professional development via learning modules. Descriptive statistics were used to identify demographics and patterns in the educators’ preferences and perceptions. A major conclusion of the study included the medium selected most often was online (82% of respondents)
Anti-epileptic effect of 16-O-acetyldigitoxigenin via suppressing mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Tu Wenjing , Qian Sheng
Published: July 2019

Epilepsy is a common chronic disease of the central nervous system that can last for years or even decades, causing serious adverse effects on the body, mind, and psychology of patients. Traditional antiepileptic drugs can effectively control seizures, but because of large individual differences, serious adverse reactions, narrow therapeutic window and other shortcomings, more effective, new treatment drugs are looked for. Streptocaulon griffithii is a plant of Asclepiadaceae. 16-O-acetyldigitoxigenin (ACE) is a strong cardiac glycoside isolated from methanol extract of Streptocaulon griffithii. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiepileptic effect of ACE on Pilocarpine (Pilo) induced epilepsy in mice, and to explore the effect of mTOR signaling pathway on its antiepileptic effect. The results showed that ACE had antiepileptic and neuroprotective effects on Pilo induced epilepsy mice. ACE attenuates Pilo induced seizures by inhibiting the activation of p-mTOR/p-70S6K pathway, and inhibits Pilocarpine induced brain damage by inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway. These results suggest that ACE has a promising future in the treatment of epilepsy and other nervous system diseases.
Effect of urea, compost, manure and bio-fertilizers on yield, percentage and composition of fatty acids of sesame seed oil (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Ganjineh Esmaeil , Babaii Farzad , Mozafari Afshin , Mirzaei Heydari Mohammad , Naseri Rahim
Published: July 2019

This study was carried out in Iran during two growing seasons 2016-2017. Sesame is one of the earliest oilseed plants, high oil percentage and high content of unsaturated fatty acids, especially oleic acid and linoleic acid, have led to an increase in the nutritional quality of sesame oil. Accordingly, a two-year experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The evaluated factors included four levels of urea as nitrogen fertilizer (0, 33, 66 and 100% of plant requirement), three kinds of organic fertilizer (manure, vermicompost and control) and four kinds of biofertilizers (Azosperillum, Azotobacter, Azosperillum +Azotobacter and control). At the end of the growing season, seed yield, percentage and yield of seed oil and fatty acids composition (oleic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid) were measured. The results showed that the effect of different levels of nitrogen, organic and biological fertilizers on all studied traits was significant in two years of experiment and in all three environments (control, manure and compost). Vermicompost fertilizer and Azosperillum + Azotobacter have a more favorable effect on traits than other levels of each of these fertilizers, but nitrogen fertilizer levels have different effects on different traits.  The highest seed yield (1298 kg ha-1) was obtained for control environment in 100% nitrogen application, for manure environment in 33% nitrogen application (1565 kg ha-1) and for compost environment in 66% nitrogen application (1799 kg ha-1).
Impact of citrate- and chitosan-capped gold nanoparticles on the liver of Swiss albino mice: Histological and cyto-genotoxic study
Authors: Zaki Eiman I. , EL-Seedy Ayman S. , Kelada Inaam P. , Sharafeldin Nadia A. , Abdel Mouaty Hala M. , Ramadan Heba S.
Published: July 2019

The present study aimed to disclose the histological alterations and cyto-genotoxic potential induced by citrate- and chitosan-capped AuNPs on liver of adult Swiss albino mice. Animals were randomly divided into 8 groups. The first two groups were intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with physiological saline once and left for 10 days and every other day for 21 days, respectively, and kept as negative control groups. While the third and fourth groups were injected i.p with a single dose of 2 mg/kg of citrate- and chitosan-capped AuNPs, respectively, and left for 10 days. The fifth and sixth groups were injected i.p every other day for 21 days with 200 µg/kg of citrate- and chitosan-capped AuNPs, respectively. Animals of the seventh and eighth groups were injected i.p with 50 mg/kg cyclophosphamide once and left for 10 days and with 20 mg/kg cyclophosphamide every other day for 21 days, respectively. The livers of mice were dissected and processed for microscopic examination and for analyzing the expression of inflammation-related genes using RT-PCR. In addition, bone marrow samples were taken to investigate the mitotic index and the chromosomal aberrations. The present study showed various degrees of structural changes in the liver of animals received AuNPs. Such changes were more prominent in animals treated with a single dose of AuNPs, particularly with citrate-capped AuNPs as compared to chitosan-capped AuNPs. Furthermore, genotoxic analysis did not reveal any genotoxicity for AuNPs with both coats. Therefore, chitosan-capped AuNPs were less hepatotoxic than citrate-capped ones. However, it has not been proven that AuNPs are genotoxic by both coats.
Emodin attenuates Alzheimer's disease by activating the protein kinase C signaling pathway
Authors: Du Changwang , Shi Luoning , Wang Mei , Mao Ping , Wang Jia , Wei Yanqiang , Hou Juanru , Wang Maode
Published: July 2019

To investigate the effects of emodin on learning and memory and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice. 60 APP/PS1 double transgenic AD mice were selected as model mice at the age of 7-8 months, 36 healthy male C57BL/6 mice served as the control group. Morris water maze method and passive avoidance experiment were used to evaluate the memory ability of mice. The thiazole blue (MTT) method and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity test kit were used to evaluate the effect of emodin on the cell viability of hippocampal neurons in HT22 mice treated with Î²-amyloid peptide 1-42 (AÎ²1-42). The effect of emodin on PKC levels was explored using the modified Takai method and Western blotting. Behavioral test results showed that the escape latency of the mice in the model group was longer than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the escape latency was significantly shortened given a emodin prognosis. The MTT and LDH test results showed that emodin to AÎ²- overexpression induced the protective effect of hippocampus cells in HT22 mice. Western blot analysis showed that the phosphorylation level of PKC in mice increased significantly after emodin administration. Emodin can attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory response in Alzheimer's model mice by activating PKC pathway, thereby improving cognitive function.
Naringin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of microglia cells
Authors: Bai Jie , Li Siyuan , Wu Gang , Ma Lei , Li Chen , Liu Hongtao , Zhang Pengbo
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of BV2 microglia and inflammatory factor release, and the mechanism involved. Different concentrations of naringin were used to pretreat BV2 cells for 30 min, after which they were stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS for different durations. The levels of NO, IL-1Î² and TNF-Î± in the cell culture medium was determined with ELISA and Griess method. The mRNA expressions of IL-1Î² and TNF-Î± was determined with RT-PCR. Changes in ERK and p65/NF-ÎºB signaling pathway proteins were assayed with Western blotting. After 12 h stimulation of BV2 cells with LPS, the levels of IL-1Î² and TNF-Î± in the cell culture medium were significantly increased, but naringin had no significant effect on these inflammatory factors. In the cells pretreated with naringin, LPS stimulated the activation of microglia to produce IL-1Î² and TNF-Î± in a dose-dependent manner. Naringin inhibited LPS-induced release of IL-1Î², to a certain extent. The TNF-Î± gene was overexpressed. In addition, LPS stimulated a dose-dependent decrease in NO production by BV2 after pretreatment with different concentrations of naringin. Naringin pretreatment of cells significantly inhibited the activation of p65/NF-ÎºB in a concentration-dependent manner. In BV2 microglia, naringin inhibits LPO-induced production of NO and inflammatory factors, through a mechanism involving inhibition of activation of the p65/NF-ÎºB signaling pathway.
Interleukin-6 serum level and gene polymorphism in keloid patients
Authors: Abdu Allah Azza Mohamed Kamel , Mohammed Kawthar Ibraheem , Farag Azza Gaber Antar , Hagag Magda Mostafa , Essam Mai , Tayel Nermin Reda
Published: July 2019

The formation of keloid is associated with accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) formed mainly of collagen and fibronectin. Persistent deregulated IL-6 synthesis causes the development of various diseases. This study aim to investigate interleukin 6 (IL-6) serum level and gene polymorphism in a sample of Egyptian patients having keloid. This study was carried out on 90 subjects; 60 patients with keloid, and 30 age and sex matched apparently healthy control. All subjects underwent full history taking, clinical examinations, weight and length measuring to calculate BMI, dermatological examination, analysis of IL6-572 gene polymorphism using REFLP- PCR and IL-6 serum level using ELISA.IL-6 serum levels were significantly higher in keloid patients than control group (75.54±39.18) vs (19.17±6.06), (p <0.001). The higher serum levels of IL-6 were associated with GG genotype (104.84±19.12) followed by CG (57.64±35.38) genotype (P<0.001). GG genotype was significantly higher in keloid patients and increased the risk for keloid development by nearly14 folds (p<0.001, OR (95%CI) =13.81).  CG genotype was significantly observed in keloid patients and increased the risk for keloid development by about 4 times (p=0.010, OR (95%CI) =4.27). G Allele significantly increased the risk for keloid development by about 5 folds (P <0.001 OR =5.11). In conclusion, there was a great association between IL-6 572 gene polymorphism and its serum level in patients with keloid specifically who have family history.
Protective effect of sakuranetin in brain cells of dementia model rats
Authors: Li Chen , Hu Chunting , Wang Ruili , Wang Hui , Ma Qiaoya , Chen Songsheng , He Ya
Published: July 2019

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a high-incidence neurodegenerative disease with complex and diverse pathogenesis. With aging of the population and continuous improvement of living standards, the incidence of AD is on the increase. Therefore, there is need to develop more effective AD drugs in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly. Sakuranetin (SAK) is a dihydroflavonoid compound extracted from plants. It has many physiological properties. In this study, the effect of SAK on spatial discrimination in a rat model of cognitive dysfunction exposed to D-galactose was investigated with respect to its effect on malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, and on the expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-Î± (TNF-Î±) and nuclear factor-ÎºB inhibitory factor-Î± (IÎºBÎ±) in hippocampus of rats. The results obtained suggest that SAK may exert protective effects on brain cells through anti-oxidation mechanism. Moreover, the improvement in learning and memory impairment by SAK may also be related to the inhibition of inflammatory mediators in brain tissue. These findings provide scientific evidence that can be exploited for more effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
SŁABY OPÓR. OBRAZ, WSPÓLNOTA I UTOPIA POZA PARADYGMATEM HEROICZNYM
Authors: Majewska Ewa
Published: July 2019

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi wprowadzenie do numeru Praktyki Teoretycznej poświęconego problematyce słabego oporu. Oprócz głównych inspiracji teoretycznych zjawiska, które można by pokrótce nazwać zwrotem w stronę codzienności czy też odwrotem od heroicznego modelu podmiotowości, redaktorka omawia też opublikowane w numerze artykuły.