bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Critical Aspects of The Conversion of Biomass to Biogas for Sustainable Energy in Indonesia
Authors: Rame Rame , Purwanto Purwanto , Sudarno Sudarno
Published: December 2021

Renewable energy will become the foundation for meeting the world's energy needs in the future. However, Indonesia has not done much research on the development and application of technology for sustainable energy. Indonesia has potential energy sources. However, biomass conversion into other forms of energy, such as biogas, will hurt the environment. The development of biomass-based bioenergy is one of the best solution for meeting Indonesia's current and future energy needs. Biogas is biomass-based bioenergy, which is the potential for future energy sources. Minimizing the environment's degradation is a significant aspect of preparing the biomass to biogas conversion model. Furthermore, the production of biogas with automatic monitoring and control will minimize new waste formation. Indonesian government regulatory support and total community participation will increase converting biomass into biogas as renewable energy into electrical energy. The paper analyzes the environmental impact of biomass conversion into biogas and proposed an environmentally friendly conversion model.
A New Method of Intraoperative Reposition and Holding of Bone Fragments with Ty-Raps
Authors: Ivanov Pavel A. , Kasatskiy Aleksandr V. , Zadneprovskiy Nikita N. , Nevedrov Aleksandr V.
Published: December 2021

Background. The quality of fractures reposition in open osteosynthesis is one of the important factors determining the outcome of treatment. Often, the reposition and fixation of bone fragments is not an easy task. The authors propose a method of reposition and temporary fixation of fragments using plastic ty-raps used in electrical work. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the possibilities of new method of intraoperative reposition and fixation of bone fragments using plastic ty-raps. Materials and Methods. Ty-raps were sterilized before the surgery in the modes intended for the preparation of polymer products. After the fragments were dissected, their reposition and fixation are carried out with the help of clamps and bone clamps. At this stage, there is a need for the use of ty-raps, since the bone clamps prevent the plate from laying on the bone. To do this, 3-4 plastic ty-raps were applied to the areas of bone free from bone clamps in the area of the fragments contact. In those places where an intact periosteum and muscles are attached to the fragment, narrow transverse channels in soft tissues are formed with the instrument to wrap the bone with a ty-rap. Then the free end of the ty-rap is passed through its lock and tightened as much as possible. After tightening all the ty-raps, the bone clamps are removed. The applied ty-raps reliably keep the bone fragments from any displacement, even when the segment rotates. A bone plate is placed on the bone surface with tightened ty-raps. Then the plate fixed to the bone with screws. The plate should be placed on the bone without strong pressing, which allows you to remove the ty-raps from under the plate at any stage of osteosynthesis. The ty-raps are removed by cutting them with a scalpel or snacking with wire cutter, then the plate is fixed to the bone with the remaining screws. Conclusion. Ty-raps have many positive properties: they are affordable, cheap, do not lose their mechanical properties after sterilization, allow you to securely hold bone fragments during reposition, X-ray negative. The method has demonstrated convenience and reliability.
Demographic Imbalances Resulting From the Bring-Your-Own-Device Study Design
Authors: Cho Peter Jaeho , Yi Jaehan , Ho Ethan , Shandhi Md Mobashir Hasan , Dinh Yen , Patil Aneesh , Martin Leatrice , Singh Geetika , Bent Brinnae , Ginsburg Geoffrey , Smuck Matthew , Woods Christopher , Shaw Ryan , Dunn Jessilyn
Published: December 2021

Digital health technologies, such as smartphones and wearable devices, promise to revolutionize disease prevention, detection, and treatment. Recently, there has been a surge of digital health studies where data are collected through a bring-your-own-device (BYOD) approach, in which participants who already own a specific technology may voluntarily sign up for the study and provide their digital health data. BYOD study design accelerates the collection of data from a larger number of participants than cohort design; this is possible because researchers are not limited in the study population size based on the number of devices afforded by their budget or the number of people familiar with the technology. However, the BYOD study design may not support the collection of data from a representative random sample of the target population where digital health technologies are intended to be deployed. This may result in biased study results and biased downstream technology development, as has occurred in other fields. In this viewpoint paper, we describe demographic imbalances discovered in existing BYOD studies, including our own, and we propose the Demographic Improvement Guideline to address these imbalances.
Cambios y adaptaciones de la docencia universitaria durante el confinamiento 2020-2021
Authors: García Martínez Bardo Javier
Published: December 2021

A partir de 2020, los países del mundo han vivido un evento que sacudió todos los ámbitos sociales, la pandemia global de la Covid-19 y, con ello, el confinamiento de la gran mayoría de los habitantes del planeta. Este periodo de reclusión es una problemática con demasiadas aristas que ha impactado a todos los sectores, generando con ello una serie de problemas y soluciones que difícilmente podrían haberse esperado con anterioridad a 2020.Uno de los ámbitos donde se observa de manera patente el esfuerzo por adaptarse a esta situación haciendo uso de tecnologías digitales, es el educativo a nivel universitario; el presente trabajo propone una revisión de la actividad docente en el nivel superior y los diversos factores que la circundan durante los tiempos difíciles de confinamiento.
Methodological Status of the Concept of World Picture and its Philosophical Origins
Authors: Rustamovna Halimova Firuza
Published: December 2021

Abstract: The world picture in a literary text is created by linguistic means, while it reflects the individual picture of the world in the mind of the writer and is embodied in the selection of elements of the content of the work of art; the selection of the language means used; in the individual use of figurative means. The artistic picture of the world is a secondary, mediated the world picture, and it is mediated twice - by language and individually - by the author's conceptual picture of the world. Keywords: artistic reality, worldview, methodological characteristics, reality, linguistic approach.
Characteristic Observation of Cordyceps Militaris (L) Wild Type Strain from Five Oil Palm Plantation in Muara Wahau East Borneo
Authors: Aprianda Edwin , Djajakirana Gunawan , Darmawan Darmawan
Published: December 2021

Cordycep militaris (L) is known in oil palm plantations as a natural enemy of nettle caterpillars.  This fungus infects the caterpillars that descend down to become pupae around the palm circle, so that the pupae do not develop into imago and the pest's life cycle will be interrupted. This fungus is one of the 3 main entomopathogenic fungi used as bioinsecticides to control pests in oil palm plantations. In this study, the characteristics of C. militaris were observed from 5 oil palm plantations cultured in vitro using two types of media and two incubation methods. The results showed that there were mycelium pigmentation in nutrient-rich media Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plus Yeast extract (SDAY) when incubated with lighting.  Only one of five mycelium cultures using SDAY media showed pigmentation on the no-light incubation method. Pigmentation did not occur in nutrient-poor media such as agar (WA), either incubated with lighting or with no-light. The growth of isolates was generally higher on SDAY media than on WA media. This study showed that C. militaris is a facultative phagotrophic fungus. The highest growth of isolates cultured on SDAY media incubated with lighting was found in isolates A and C, with colony diameter 90 mm, high mycelium density (+++) and hairy texture like cotton at the end of the 3rd week after inoculation.  In the no-light incubation method, the highest growth was found in isolates B and C with colony diameter 90 mm, high mycelium density (+++) and hairy texture like cotton at the end of the 3rd week after inoculation. Isolates A and C showed high virulence potential to be used as bioinsecticides.
Dampak aplikasi kumatetralil dan Sarcocystis singaporensis terhadap serangan hama tikus di perkebunan kelapa sawit
Authors: Pradana Mahardika Gama , Priwiratama Hari , Eko Prasetyo Agus , Susanto Agus
Published: December 2021

Pengendalian hama tikus di perkebunan kelapa sawit dapat dilakukan secara kimiawi menggunakan rodentisida atau secara biologi dengan memanfaatkan musuh alami, maupun integrasi antar keduanya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan efikasi dua jenis bahan aktif rodentisida yaitu kumatetralil dan Sarcocystis singaporensis terhadap serangan tikus pohon Rattus tiomanicus pada tanaman kelapa sawit menghasilkan. Percobaan dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri 3 perlakuan dan 6 blok/ulangan. Dosis perlakuan kumatetralil yaitu 1 blok per pohon sedangkan dosis perlakuan S. singaporensis yaitu 2 pelet per pohon. Aplikasi umpan rodentisida dilakukan dengan interval lima hari sekali 4 ulangan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa persentase kejadian serangan tikus mengalami penurunan di seluruh blok percobaan. Kejadian serangan tikus pada blok aplikasi Kumatetralil secara nyata lebih rendah dibandingkan blok kontrol pada pengamatan 5 dan 10 hari setelah aplikasi (hsa), sedangkan pada blok aplikasi S. singaporensis hanya terlihat pada 5 hsa. Rerata laju penurunan serangan tikus selama aplikasi pada perlakuan Kumatetralil, S. singaporensis, dan kontrol adalah berturut-turut sebesar 53,80%; 38,58%; dan 21,86%. Intensitas serangan tikus pada bunga jantan sebelum aplikasi cukup tinggi yakni sebesar 31,87% - 40,64% sedangkan intensitas serangan tikus pada buah kelapa sawit hanya bekisar antara 4,85% - 7,52%. Penurunan kejadian dan intensitas serangan tikus selaras dengan penuruan umpan yang dimakan. Pada perlakuan kumatetralil umpan yang dimakan turun dari 75,02% menjadi 57,03%, sedangkan pada perlakuan S. singaporensis turun dari 61,38% menjadi 47,20%. Pada pengujian ini, nilai efikasi terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan kumatetralil di 5 has sebesar 56,68%.
Composición nutricional de la carne equina y grado de sustitución de la carne bovina por equina en expendios de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Reséndiz González Guillermo , Alarcón Zúñiga Baldomero , Villegas Velázquez Itzel , Albores Moreno Samuel , Aranda Osorio Gilberto
Published: December 2021

Se evaluó el grado de sustitución de carne bovina por carne equina en distintos puntos de venta de las diferentes Alcaldías de la Ciudad de México, y se identificó las bondades o similitudes con la carne bovina como una fuerte alternativa de nutrientes. Se colectaron 161 muestras de carne de bovino que fueron sometidas a espectroscopia de reflectancia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIR´s – Food Scan) para determinar composición nutricional (contenido de humedad, proteína, grasa y colágeno), color de la carne (Hunter Lab L*, a* y b*) y polimorfismo de secuencias repetidas para caracterizar el origen bovino o equino por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en geles de agarosa (PCR). Las variables de composición nutricional y color de la carne se analizaron en un diseño completamente al azar. Se encontró que nueve de las muestras dieron positivas para carne de equino y 152 muestras fueron positivas para carne de bovino; resultando que la carne de bovino fue sustituida el 5.59 % por carne equina en los centros de comercialización en la Ciudad de México. Asimismo, el contenido de humedad,  proteína, grasa  y  colágeno fluctuó  entre las muestras  de 73.1 a 75.1 %, de 22.0 a 23.5 %, de 2.0 a 2.3 %, y de 1.3 a 1.4 mg g-1, respectivamente; observando un ligero incremento (P<0.05) en la concentración de humedad y proteína en la carne de bovino respecto a la carne equina. La L* (luminosidad) de la carne entre las especies animal fue diferente (P<0.05); mientras que en los indicadores del color de la carne a* (de rojo a verde) y b* (de amarillo a azul) fluctuó de 29.80 a 37.50 y 15.00 a 16.20 (P>0.05). Se concluye que el porcentaje de sustitución de la carne de bovino por carne equina (5.59 %) se considera bajo y constituye un fraude al consumidor. Sin embargo, la carne equina tiene un potencial de ser una alternativa viable para el consumo humano, ya que la composición nutricional fue similar a la carne de bovino.
Comunidades de parásitos de dos tiburones, Etmopterus granulosus (Squaliformes) y Schroederichthys bivius (Carcharhiniformes), del sur de Chile
Authors: Gabriela Muñoz , Fanny Cartes , Sebastian Hernandez
Published: December 2021

En la presente investigación se analizó la comunidad de parásitos de dos especies de tiburones del sur de Chile debido al escaso conocimiento de la relación entre parásitos y tiburones de la zona. Un total de 24 especímenes del tiburón linterna Etmopterus granulosus y siete especímenes de la pintarroja del sur Schroederichthys bivius fueron recolectados en el estrecho de Magallanes en enero de 2017 y 2018. Se encontró un total de 87 individuos de parásitos pertenecientes a siete especies de parásitos en E. granulosus y 192 individuos de parásitos de siete especies en S. bivius. La abundancia promedio de parásitos fue mayor en la pintarroja del sur que en el tiburón linterna, con 27,5 ± 25,5 parásitos/hospedero y 3,5 ± 3,3 parásitos/hospedero, respectivamente. Pocos parásitos fueron prevalentes y abundantes; tales como los nematodos Pseudoterranova sp. (41,7% de prevalencia; 1,46 parásitos/pez) y Anisakis sp. (29,2% de prevalencia; 1,21 parásitos/pez) presentes en E. granulosus, y el copépodo Tautochondria sp. (85,7% de prevalencia; 9,14 parásitos/pez) y el nematodo Proleptus niedmanni (71,4% de prevalencia; 14,86 parásitos/pez) presentes en S. bivius. La similitud en la composición de especies parásitas fue baja entre E. granulosus y S. bivius (14,6%), ya que sólo dos especies de parásitos, los anisákidos Pseudoterranova sp. y Anisakis sp., fueron compartidos entre ambos hospederos, a pesar de ser especies simpátricas. Por tanto, la desigual composición de los parásitos entre ambas especies de tiburones podría explicarse por sus historias evolutivas distintas, que implican numerosas diferencias ecológicas entre los hospederos.
Steps to Development and Increase of Physical Movement and Health Literacy
Authors: Rafajdus M. , Machajova M.
Published: December 2021

According to the WHO, healthis a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being while maintaining the body's ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. The definition is concise, but it is important to be aware of the es- sential facts that affect people of the 21st century. Is it possible to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions? Mus- culoskeletal conditions are considered a global epidemic as their incidence and severity increase worldwide. Consideration should be given to the fact that musculoskeletal conditions, such as back pain (diagnosis of M54: dorsalgia), are beginning to be epidemiological in developed countries. According to the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, the most common causes of years lived with disability (YLDs) in the Slovak Republic from 2005 to 2015 were non-communicable diseases. In 1st place were musculoskeletal deformities; 2nd place men- tal disorders and addictions; 3rd place other unspecified non- infectious diseases (Source: GBD, 2015). It is important to tackle this issue not only because of its permanent growth but especially for the frequent complications that cause higher morbidity. Various postural deformities caused by poor posture, which affect the relationships between internal organs and the musculoskeletal system/viscero-vertebral relationships but also vice versa. The prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases has an increasing trend in Slovakia, and therefore it is important to look for a way to raise awareness of the possibilities of these diseases’ prevention. It is essential to revise outdated plans for physical development and adapt them to today's people. After all, the movement literacy of our children has a significantly declining tendency. Such intervention gives meaning to the public health; there should be a focus on the primary support of the health of the population where one of the possibilities may be the spiral mobilization method SM system. This method is intended for a person living in current times, who sits to a large extent and performs movements that are monot- onously loading the muscles. The SM system is a simple and effective exercise that on the principle of spiral muscle chains pulls the spine upwards and stabilizes the balance of the spine. When performed in an optimal way, they relax overloaded parts of the spine; reduce muscle imbalance; contribute to over- all health. The priority for proper physical movement should be a desire for a healthy body without pain and disease. The path to health leads through cognition and education because the most important result of any education is self-knowledge.
Key Predictors of Overweight and Obesity in Adult Population
Authors: Popovicova M. , Belovicova M. , Snopek P. , Babecka J.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: According to experts, overweight and obesity, are the most dangerous civilization diseases of today. World- wide, over 312 million people are obese and another 1.3 billion suffer from obesity. Increased weight is a significant health risk and it means a decrease in quality of life and, especially in life expectancy. Because of this, in our research, weaddressthe problem of current society which is overweight and obesity. Methods:To verify hypotheses, we used chi-square test of inde- pendence. It is a universal statistical test with wide use. It is most often used to verify the relation between nominal type variables. Results:By analyzing the results, we have found that over- weight or obesity of the parents, respondents’ satisfaction, eating habits and gender are related to overweight and obesity of the respondents. However, we have not found a relation between the physical activity of the respondents and their overweight or obesity. In case our respondents do not exercise and have bad eating habits, their body weight would be likely to increase. Conclusion:To prevent the development of overweight and obesity and its complications that have a negative impact on our health, it is necessary to make a targeted and effective in- tervention that is aimed at a healthy lifestyle.
QUAL RACIOCÍNIO? QUAL GEOGRAFIA? CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O RACIOCÍNIO GEOGRÁFICO NA BASE NACIONAL COMUM CURRICULAR
Authors: Girotto Eduardo Donizeti
Published: December 2021

Buscamos, neste texto, problematizar o sentido hegemônico do raciocínio geográfico na Base Nacional Comum Curricular (Ensino Fundamental e Médio), apontando a necessidade de ressignificarmos este conceito a partir, de um lado, do seu lugar na história e epistemologia da geografia; de outro, do entendimento da dimensão espacial, complexa e contraditória, da sociedade em que vivemos. Entre as conclusões da pesquisa, apontamos como o conceito de raciocínio geográfico expresso na BNCC pouco dialoga com a epistemologia da geografia. Destacamos que este esvaziamento epistemológico é intencional e se funda em um projeto político que concebe a formação docente a partir de uma perspectiva técnico instrumental, o que se confirma com o lançamento da Base Nacional de Formação de Professores em 2019. Assim, tecemos algumas considerações no sentido de apresentar possibilidades de um outro conceito de raciocínio geográfico que, retomando o diálogo com diferentes autores da história do pensamento geográfico, contribua para que os sujeitos tomem consciência de suas condições espaciais em um mundo marcado pela expropriação e alienação espacial, um dos elementos fundantes do modo de produção capitalista.
Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis with new missense mutations in PIEZO1 through the use of next-generation sequencing panel
Authors: Koker Sultan Aydin , Karapınar Tuba , BIANCHI Paola , Oymak Yeşim , Fermo Elisa , Vergin Canan
Published: December 2021

In this case study, we report an 11-year-old male patient who had
jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, and chronic mild congenital non-autoimmune
hemolytic anemia. In our patient, a novel homozygous missense mutation
in the PIEZO1 gene was detected using a gene-targeted Next-Generation
Sequencing panel: c.3364G>A (p.Glu1122Lys), confirming the
diagnosis of DHS.
Population genomic structure in Goodman's mouse lemur reveals long-standing separation of Madagascar's Central Highlands and eastern rainforests
Authors: Tiley George , Elst Tobias van , Teixeira Helena , Schüßler Dominik , Salmona Jordi , Blanco Marina , Ralison José , Randrianambinina Blanchard , Rasoloarison Rodin , Stahlke Amanda , Hohenlohe Paul , Chikhi Lounès , Louis Edward , Radespiel Ute , Yoder Anne
Published: December 2021

Madagascar’s Central Highlands are largely composed of grasslands,
interspersed with patches of forest. The pre-human extent of these
grasslands is a topic of vigorous debate, with conventional wisdom
holding that they are anthropogenic in nature and emerging evidence
supporting that grasslands were a component of the pre-human Central
Highlands vegetation. Here, we shed light on the temporal dynamics of
Madagascar’s vegetative composition by conducting a population genomic
investigation of Goodman’s mouse lemur (Microcebus lehilahytsara;
Cheirogaleidae). These small-bodied primates occur both in Madagascar’s
eastern rainforests and in the Central Highlands, which makes them a
valuable indicator species. Population divergences among forest-dwelling
mammals can serve as a proxy for habitat fragmentation and patterns of
post-divergence gene flow can reveal potential migration corridors
consistent with a wooded grassland mosiac. We used RADseq data to infer
phylogenetic relationships, population structure, demographic models of
post-divergence gene flow, and population size change through time.
These analyses offer evidence that open habitats are an ancient
component of the Central Highlands, and that wide-spread forest
fragmentation occurred naturally during a period of decreased
precipitation near the last glacial maximum. Models of gene flow suggest
that migration across the Central Highlands has been possible from the
Pleistocene through the recent Holocene via riparian corridors. Notably,
though our findings support the hypothesis that Central Highland
grasslands predate human arrival, we also find evidence for
human-mediated population declines. This highlights the extent to which
species imminently threatened by human-mediated deforestation may be
more vulnerable from paleoclimatic changes.
El comportamiento del presupuesto de seguridad durante el periodo 2004-2013, un insumo para el posconflicto
Authors: Ordóñez-Fuentes Ginna Alejandra , Ochoa-Amaya Juan Manuel
Published: December 2021

En el periodo 2004–2013 se presentaron cambios en el presupuesto destinado a seguridad y defensa, con rubros especiales para la consecución de resultados de primera necesidad en ese momento, como el de la protección del territorio nacional y sobre el cual se desarrollaron dos procesos de paz y una política intensiva de seguridad.

 

 El trabajo acá presentado deja entrever que dentro de un mundo globalizado es muy difícil alcanzar Seguridad y Defensa al mismo tiempo para una nación, si no se cambia el comportamiento del ser humano, es decir, la formación en valores con principios de autorregulación, para de esta forma favorecer la gobernabilidad y la legitimidad.
Los agronegocios y la innovación en la sociedad de la modernidad líquida.
Authors: Arosa-Carrera Charles R.
Published: December 2021

Las organizaciones campesinas, están inmersas en las actuales y complejas dinámicas de una sociedad de consumo, caracterizada por el oportunismo y agresividad, propias del capitalismo salvaje; visión que se debe aclarar, por lo menos es evidente en el mundo occidental. En este escenario, los trabajadores del campo como actores productivos están sujetos a dinámicas que los obligan a adoptar cambios para poder permanecer en el mercado. Sin embargo, la situación de los agronegocios en una sociedad de consumo, sobre todo la de aquellos pequeños y medianos productores agrícolas, se caracteriza por su baja capacidad económica, por tanto, el acceso a la innovación tecnológica es limitado, causando de esta forma una brecha social y cultural, entre quienes pueden o no, acceder a la innovación.
Concepción de los criterios de creatividad de los contadores públicos de la ciudad de Villavicencio en su quehacer
Authors: Hernández González José William , Delgadillo Chavez Natalia , Gaitán Ortiz Carolina
Published: December 2021

El propósito de este artículo es presentar una aproximación teórica sobre la contabilidad creativa como objeto de estudio; donde la etimología del término creatividad ha sido desfigurada en la disciplina contable, homologando este concepto con el de fraude, siendo interpretada de forma errónea, asociándolo con aquellos hechos fraudulentos que realiza el profesional al manipular sus saberes.De conformidad con lo anterior, esta investigación se centra en describir la aplicación de los criterios de creatividad por parte de los profesionales de las ciencias contables de la ciudad de Villavicencio en su ejercicio, en los últimos cinco años. Para el desarrollo del estudio se emplearon instrumentos como entrevistas y análisis de documentos obtenidos de bases de datos y repositorios.
Global coronavirus pandemic crisis and future crisis prevention
Authors: O’Hara Phillip
Published: December 2021

This paper undertakes an interdisciplinary analysis of the global coronavirus
crisis of 2020-2021, its immediate aftermath and lessons learned, through
the use of some core principles of institutional and evolutionary political
economy. The principle of historical specificity and evolution (linked to
uneven development) examines the background to the emergence of the crisis,
plus its evolution and transformation through time. The principle of
heterogeneous groups and agents scrutinizes the crisis through the various
groups and individuals associated with gender, class, ethnicity, age and
species. The principles of circular and cumulative causation (CCC) and
contradiction investigate the multiple factors responsible for the crisis
and how they interact in determining the depth and recovery from the crisis.
The principle of uncertainty illustrates the changing expectations
underlying the business climate and consumer confidence affecting
socioeconomic performance, as well as current and future policies associated
with health, regulation, budgets and money. A conclusion follows.
Study on mechanical properties of granite minerals based on nanoindentation test technology
Authors: Lei Man , Dang Fa-Ning , Xue Hai-Bin , Yu Zhang , He Ming-Ming
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the nanoscale mechanical properties of quartz, feldspar, and
mica in granite are studied by the nanoindentation technique. Firstly, the
surface morphol?ogy of each mineral composition in granite is obtained by a
SEM. Secondly, the elastic modulus and hardness of three minerals in granite
are calculated through the load-displacement curve obtained by the
nanoindentation test. Based on the energy analysis method, the nanometer
fracture toughness of three minerals in granite is obtained. Finally, the
correlation between the elastic modulus, the hard?ness, and the fracture
toughness are obtained by experimental data.
Kebijakan Moderasi Pidana Mati dalam RUU KUHP Perspektif Nilai-Nilai Pancasila
Authors: Riyadi Sugeng , Prasetyo Beny Timor
Published: December 2021

Draft Law on the Criminal Code (RUU KUHP) still gives place to the death penalty as a type of crime. This policy is in the line of the establishment of the Constitutional Court which considers the death penalty to be constitutional. Even though there has been a decision on the constitutionality of the death penalty, the polemic about its existence still continues. So that we do not sway with various opinions, it is necessary that the death penalty policy is viewed from the perspective of Pancasila, because Pancasila is a legal ideal and at the same time as a Fundamental Norm of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. This study aims to answer whether the death penalty moderation policy in the Criminal Code Bill is justified from the perspective of Pancasila or not. This research is a doctrinal legal research with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a philosophical approach. The results showed that the death penalty policy in the Draft Criminal Code does not conflict with Pancasila.
High-technology methods of processing fish raw materials farmed in Astrakhan region
Authors: Zolotokopova Svetlana Vasilievna , Kasyanov Gennady Ivanovich , Lebedeva Ekaterina Yuryevna , Aynalieva Ailida Rashidovna
Published: December 2021

The modern level of development of fish processing technology is analyzed. A number of high-tech processes related to deep processing of aquaculture objects (paddlefish, clary catfish and tilapia), grown in the Astrakhan
region, in closed water supply installations, have been proposed for implementation. The chemical composition of fish muscle tissue has been studied. A method has been developed to reduce the microbial contamination of raw materials using a low-frequency electromagnetic field. Methods of electrophysical and gas-liquid processing of raw materials have been adapted to real production conditions. Methods for processing secondary fish resources into edible fish meal and fish oil have been tested using gas-liquid technologies. Methods for processing water and muscle tissue of fish raw materials by electromagnetic and gas-liquid methods are proposed. The chemical composition of fish pates enriched with CO2-extracts was investigated.
A Study About the Parents Awareness on Psychological Problems of Teenagers at Puberty Age
Authors: Salsabila Najwa Inaya , Cahyani Cinta Dwi
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas tentang masalah psikologis anak remaja dimasa pubertas yang masih atau kurang disadari oleh sebagian orangtua. Objek penelitian ini adalah orangtua dan remaja. Jumlah partisipan yang terlibat adalah 22 orang. Bentuk data atau instrumental yang digunakan ialah  kuesioner (angket). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan sempel dilakukan dengan  memberikan petanyaan kepada orangtua yang memiliki anak remaja laki laki maupun perempuan yang sedang dimasa pubertas dengan  dua opsi pilihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kesadaran orang tua dengan masalah psikologis remaja dimasa pubertas. 36,4% orang tua dalam kategori baik, 13,6% dalam kategori buruk, 18,2% orang tua berhati-hati, 9,1% orang tua dengan perilaku menyimpang, 4,5% orang tua kategori buruk, dan 18,2% orang tua dengan anak depresi.
Реализация принципа справедливости при защите социально уязвимых категорий населения в международном праве (на примере Конвенции о правах ребенка)
Authors: Колосова С. Ю.
Published: December 2021

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Санкт-Петербургский форум
Authors: Иваненко В. С.
Published: December 2021

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Международно-правовые аспекты действия российского уголовно-процессуального закона в пространстве
Authors: Бирюков П. Н.
Published: December 2021

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На вечере выпускников МГИМО 1949 года
Authors: Редакционная статья
Published: December 2021

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Международный контроль в международном ядерном праве (к Договору о всеобъемлющем запрещении ядерных испытаний от 10/IХ 1996 г.)
Authors: Валеев Р. М.
Published: December 2021

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Две системы защиты прав человека - два комиссара по правам человека
Authors: Лукьянцев Г. Е.
Published: December 2021

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Международное право развития (основные черты и тенденции)
Authors: Низамиев А. Ш.
Published: December 2021

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Как Сталин отвадил меня от международного гуманитарного права
Authors: Пархитько В.
Published: December 2021

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Кризис миротворчества ООН. (Морозов Г.И. "ООН на рубеже XXI века (кризис миротворчества ООН)". Доклады Института Европы № 55. - Москва, 1999 - 96 с.)
Authors: Вычугжанина А. А.
Published: December 2021

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Международное право и российское право: их соотношение
Authors: Зимненко Б. Л.
Published: December 2021

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Гуманитарное вмешательство (международно-правовые аспекты)
Authors: Мелков Г. М.
Published: December 2021

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Норма - модель поведения?! (Рецензия на книгу Л.Х. Мингазова "Эффективность норм международного права", Казань, 1999)
Authors: Антонова М. В.
Published: December 2021

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История официального опубликования в Российской Федерации Конвенции ООН о договорах международной купли-продажи товаров (Вена, 1980 г.) в связи с проблемой применения в России ее международных договоров
Authors: Муранов А. И.
Published: December 2021

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Как в СНГ применяются нормы международного гуманитарного права
Authors: Абашидзе А. Х.
Published: December 2021

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Национальные структуры по имплементации
Authors: Редакционная статья
Published: December 2021

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История приведения в исполнение в России одного из решений арбитражного института торговой палаты Стокгольма
Authors: Муранов А. И.
Published: December 2021

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ESTIMASI KANDUNGAN KARBON ATAS PERMUKAAN TANAH PADA HUTAN ALAM DAN HUTAN REHABILITASI MANGROVE TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI BALI
Authors: Suartana Made , Merit I Nyoman , Sudarma I Made
Published: December 2021

Mangroves are ecosystems that play an important role in absorbing and storing carbon from the air, one of which is in the form of mangrove vegetation biomass. As the largest mangrove area in Bali which consists of natural and rehabilitation vegetation, Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai has a large potential for high carbon content. To determine the carbon potential of mangroves in natural and rehabilitation forests, a research was conducted using the purposive sampling method based on the canopy density level which was divided into 5 categories, namely very rare, rare, moderate, dense, very dense. Based on the results of measurements and calculations, the total carbon content of Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park is 86.521,74 tons C, consisting of natural forest content 66.857,53 tons C and rehabilitation forest 19.664,21 tons C. Above ground carbon per hectare in natural forest was not significantly different from the above ground carbon per hectare in rehabilitation forest, these results indicate that the carbon content per hectare of rehabilitation forest over 20 years old is almost close to the carbon content per hectare in natural forest. The diameter of trees and vegetation types did not significantly affect the carbon content of mangroves, these results indicate that the increase in carbon stocks in each type of vegetation in natural and rehabilitation forests is in line with diameter growth.

Keywords: Biomass; Density; Diameter; Canopy.
Rancang Bangun Game Sad Ripu Berbasis Mobile Platform Android
Authors: Wibawa Komang Arta , Wira Buana Putu , Agus Dwi Suarjaya I Made
Published: December 2021

Sad Ripu adalah salah satu bagian dari ajaran agama Hindu yang memiliki arti enam musuh di dalam diri manusia. Fakta bahwa beberapa materi pelajaran di Indonesia khususnya pelajaran agama Hindu hanya diajarkan pada satu jenjang pendidikan menjadikan beberapa materi pelajaran terlupakan seiring waktu.  Pentingnya makna yang terkandung dalam materi Sad Ripu yaitu mengenai pengendalian diri serta melihat masalah sistem pendidikan terkait penyampaian materi pelajaran mendasari ide tentang pemanfaatan media baru untuk menyampaikan materi Sad Ripu dengan cara yang lebih menarik. Game Sad Ripu dibangun untuk platform mobile Android, bergenre Tactical RPG (Role Playing Game), serta menerapkan sistem pertarungan Player versus Non-Player Character (NPC). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan hasil yang positif terkait penyampaian materi Sad Ripu, dengan total persentase jawaban setuju dan sangat setuju 88.89% pada aspek cerita, 70.67% jawaban setuju dan sangat setuju pada aspek grafis, serta 82.32% jawaban setuju dan sangat setuju pada aspek fungsionalitas.Kata kunci: Game, Android, AI, Sad Ripu, Tactical Game
ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES OF BEEF SE’I GIVEN VARIOUS LIQUID SMOKE WHICH PIROLISED IN DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE
Authors: MALELAK G. E.M. , SIPAHELUT G. M. , JELANTIK I G. N.
Published: December 2021

Experiment objecitve was to determine liquid smoke characteristics made from various type of woods that was pyrolysed at different temperatures and its effect on se’i organoleptic. This experiment used completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of P1: se’i without liquid smoke (con- trol); P2: se’i given liquid smoke kusambi 300 oC; P3: se’i given liquid smoke kusambi 350 oC; P4: se’i given liquid smoke kusambi 400 oC; P5: se’i given bidara liquid smoke 300 oC; P6: given 350 oC liquid smoke bidara; P7: se’i given bidara liquid smoke 400 oC; P8: se’i given guava liquid smoke 300 oC; P9: se’i given guava liquid smoke 350 oC; P10: se’i given guava liquid smoke 400 oC. Results showed that kusambi, guava and bidara liquid smoke which was pyrolyzed at different temperatures had a significant effect (P<0.05) on acid, phenol and carbonyl of liquid smoke, se’i color and tatste. In conclusion; bidara liquid smoke with pyrolysed at 300 0C and 350 0C contains the highest carbonyl and phenols, but it is not suitable for se’i processing, because it causes dark se’i color and lowers taste score. Kusambi liquid smoke and guava are suitable for se’i processing.
INCOME ANALYSIS OF BALI DUCK FARM FATTENING WAS CONTAINED RATION WITH MUNGBEAN WASTE FERMENTED
Authors: A. M. N SONGKAM , PUTRI B. R. T. , SITI N. W.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to determinated the income analysis of bali duck farm fattening was contained ration with mungbean waste fermented. This research was conducted during eight weeks at Raya Sesetan Street Markisa alley no. 5 Faculty of Animal Husbandry Udayana University, South Denpasar District, Denpasar City. The study designed with a complately randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 5 replications, with quantity of bali ducks used 45 heads. The treatments of research were bali duck with commercial ration 100% (P0), commercial ra- tion replaced with mungbean sprout waste fermented 12,5% (P1), and commercial ration replaced with mungbean sprout waste fermented 25% (P2). The research variable is income analysis of bali duck fattening was seen based on cost, revenue, income, R/C ratio and BEP. The results income analysis of bali duck fattening was replaced with mungbean sprout waste fermented 12,5% gives the best results with a net benefit Rp 37.062,-/period or 1.671/kg body weight with the value of R/C ratio is 1,039, BEP units of production 20,63 kg body weight, BEP price is Rp 40.716,-/kg body weight and BEP revenue is Rp 876.574,-/period. Based on the results of the study it can be con- cluded that additional contained ration with mungbean waste fermented could it be increase income of bali duck farm fattening.
GROWTH COMPARISON DAN SURVIVAL RATE OF CATFISH (Clarias sp.) WITH DIFFERENT FEED
Authors: N. P. P WIJAYANTI , PEBRIANI D. A. A.
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine how the growth and survival of catfish seeds that are fed differently. The design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) using 4 treatments and 3 replications so that the number of expe- riments amounted to 12. The treatment given was treatment A (administration of daphnia magna), treatment B (administration of tubifex), treatment C (mosquito larvae), and treatment D (pellets). The parameters measured in this study are weight growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), and water quality parameters (acidity (pH), temperature, and dissolved oxygen (DO). Research location was carried out at the UPT. Fish Seed Market and Fish Seed Center Denpasar City. The highest weight growth was in treatment B was 0.89 g, then in treatment D was 0.84 g, treatment C was 0.42 g, and treatment A was 0.37 g. The best FCR in treatment B was 1.90 and treatment D was 1.98. Survival rate in this study ranged from 70-90%. Water quality parameters in this study are still in good conditions for growth and survival of catfish seeds. The temperature ranges from 24.97-25.10oC, DO ranges from 4.63-8.02 ppm, and pH ranges from 8.97-9.23.
Cointegración y causalidad entre las exportaciones y la producción en el Valle del Cauca (Colombia)
Authors: Alonso-Cifuentes Julio César , Mueces-Bedón Brigitte Vanessa
Published: December 2021

Este documento investiga la validez de la hipótesis del crecimiento económico basado en exportaciones (ELG) y la hipótesis de las exportaciones impulsadas por el crecimiento (GDE) para el Valle del Cauca. Empleamos datos anuales (1960-2015) y complementamos el análisis agregado más tradicional en la literatura con un análisis sectorial (1975-2015). Este documento hace dos aportes. Primero, se incluye un análisis para los sectores de producción de azúcar, confitería, detergentes y papel. Y, segundo, se emplea por primera vez en esta literatura la nueva técnica de causalidad parcial para determinar la validez de estas dos hipótesis. Los resultados muestran que ni a nivel agregado ni sectorial existe evidencia que soporte la hiptótesis ELG. Por el contrario, se encuentra evidencia en favor del GDE. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones profundas de política económica, pues las exportaciones no son el motor del crecimiento económico de este departamento.
POSSIBILITIES OF STRESS MEASUREMENT IN STRUCTURES USING MODERN TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Šarga Patrik , Studený Martin
Published: December 2021

Urgency of the research. In many industrial areas, knowledge of deformation stresses in materials is required. Mainly for safety, continuous monitoring of the condition, the maintenance planning, overall prediction of the service life of structures, as well as for other reasons aimed at saving money and time required for repairs.Target setting. The research aimed to create a "low-cost" monitoring device for monitoring the stresses in the structure, created on the principle of IoT. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. When designing the system and preparing this paper, we considered both current sources – publications and papers dealing with the current state of development of the monitoring IoT systems as well as existing solutions, which are available on the market. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The mobile application was not implemented at this stage. It will be implemented in the next stage of development. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to explain how we can create own IoT monitoring system by using Arduino platform. The statement of basic materials. In our work were used components from Arduino, which is the world’s leading open-source hardware and software ecosystem. The company offers a range of software tools, hardware platforms and documentation enabling almost anybody to be creative with technology. Conclusions. The created IoT monitoring device was created on the Arduino platform. The software part was implemented in the Arduino IoT Cloud environment. Testing of the device has proven its functionality during the practical deployment of the created system. It is possible to modify it to best suit the specified requirements.
Możliwość wznowienia postępowania cywilnego na podstawie orzeczenia organu międzynarodowego – wnioski de lege ferenda
Authors: Flegel Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu wskazanie konieczności zmian w Kodeksie postępowaniacywilnego w zakresie, w jakim procedura cywilna nie przewiduje możliwościwznowienia postępowania cywilnego na podstawie orzeczenia organu międzynarodowego.Do takiej konkluzji prowadzi analiza obecnie obowiązujących regulacji dotyczących możliwościwznowienia postępowania cywilnego na tle analogicznych regulacji dotyczących postępowania sądowoadministracyjnego oraz postępowania karnego z uwzględnieniem obowiązywaniaprzepisów unijnych. Całość zostanie przedstawiona na tle fundamentalnych zasadrządzących systemem prawa jako takim.
Predicting antibiotic resistance in complex protein targets using alchemical free energy methods
Authors: Brankin Alice , Fowler Philip
Published: December 2021

Multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires a complex antibiotic treatment program and poses a major threat to tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes. Resistance is mostly conferred by chromosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms, many of which are well characterized and catalogued. However, not all mutations have been mapped and novel mutations can emerge. Methods able to quickly predict the effects of such mutations are needed to complement the existing catalogues, thereby permitting the prescription of effective treatment for patients and preventing the further spread of resistant strains. Relative binding free energy (RBFE) calculations can rapidly predict the effects of mutations, but this approach has not been tested on large, complex proteins. We use RBFE calculations to predict the effects of seven M. tuberculosis RNA polymerase mutations on rifampicin susceptibility and five M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase mutations on moxifloxacin susceptibility. These mutations encompass a range of amino acid substitutions with known effects and include large steric perturbations and charged moieties. We find that moderate numbers (n=3-15) of short RBFE calculations can predict resistance in cases where the mutation results in a large change in the binding free energy, but that the method lacks discrimination in cases with either a small change in energy or that involve charged amino acids, due to the associated large magnitude of error. We investigate how this error may be decreased by analyzing the sources of error and the distributions of repeated measurements from the different components of the RBFE calculations.
El COVID-19 y la salud de los jóvenes. Tres preguntas a la psiquiatra Liliana Alva
Authors: Agostini Luciana , Florián Jorge , Gutiérrez Johnny
Published: December 2021

La cuarentena impuso no solamente restricciones de circulación, sino también la imposibilidad de mantener interrela-ciones físicas laborales, académicas y amicales. Esta última es de vital importancia para los jóvenes, dada la etapa en la que se encuentran, lo que puede traer como consecuencia diversas afectaciones emocionales. La psiquiatra Liliana Alva responde con brevedad y precisión tres preguntas sobre la manera en que ha impactado la pandemia en la vida de los adolescentes.
Un acercamiento a la visión del amor en la poesía de Carlos López Degregori: el caso de “Asunta” de Cielo forzado
Authors: Vega Jácome Selenco
Published: December 2021

En la poesía de López Degregori (Lima, 1952) encontramos una visión muy particular del amor. No es un simple sentimiento idealizado; por el contrario, en sus versos, el amor es un sentimiento contradictorio que desemboca siempre en un escepticismo radical frente al significado de la existencia. Esta imagen del amor se ejemplifica bastante bien en “Asunta”, uno de los textos más representativos de Cielo forzado (1988)
¿Adónde van los edificios cuando mueren?
Authors: Rodríguez Ferrari Anael , Neuhaus Buzaglo Carolina
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo plantea entender la arquitectura desde una perspectiva circular, lo que implica el manejo de estrategias de reutilización o reabsorción natural de los componentes que la conforman para evitar así la “muerte” del edificio, traducida en una demolición ineficiente al final de su vida útil. El problema se aborda desde dos diferentes propuestas: la arquitectura biodegradable, que cierra el ciclo energético regresando sus componentes a la tierra; y la arquitectura del desensamble, pensada en piezas para proporcionarle una segunda vida a los componentes de construcción. El contraponer estas dos posturas, lo “artesanal” y lo “industrial”, muestra distintas maneras de perseguir la sostenibilidad en el entorno edificado.