bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser for Treatment of Hypertrophic Port-Wine Stain
Authors: Miles Brittany , Armenta Andrew , Mackey James
Published: January 2022

Port-wine stains (also called nevus flammeus) are congenital malformations of the capillaries and postcapillary venules. They occur in 0.1–2% of newborns without sex predilection. Although PWS lesions are flat early in life, with age, they become hypertrophic and darker. Pulsed dye laser therapy is the standard of care for treating these lesions, although other laser wavelengths have been utilized with varying degrees of success. We present the case of a gentleman with a hypertrophic PWS who had an excellent response to Nd:YAG laser treatment. The increased tissue penetration of longer laser wavelengths may be of benefit to patients with hypertrophic PWS, and further research into this concept is warranted.
How Does Media Coverage of Entrepreneurship Affect Entrepreneurial Decision-Making of Returning Migrant Workers in China? A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Liu Jinfa , Liu Jie , Zheng Donghui , Han Yan , Wu Yijin
Published: January 2022

As an important measure to help returning migrant workers (RMWs) to make entrepreneurial decisions, media coverage received much attention in recent years in China. In this study, we take the hierarchical regression method to examine how media coverage of entrepreneurship (MCE) affects the entrepreneurial intention (EI) and entrepreneurial decision-making (ED) of RMWs. The results prove that MCE has a significant positive effect on EI and ED of RMWs and that the entrepreneurial knowledge (EK) negatively moderates the relationship between MCE and EI of RMWs and positively moderates the mediating effect of EI. Meanwhile, we also find that risk propensity (RP) of RMWs plays a positive role in the above-mentioned relationship. The obtained results enlighten us on the fact that we should not only pay attention to the agenda-setting effect of the media coverage but also carry out differentiated MCE for RMWs with different EKs and RP.
Insulin-induced Lipohypertrophy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with an Insulin Pump
Authors: Ucieklak Damian , Mrozinska Sandra , Wojnarska Aleksandra , Malecki Maciej T. , Klupa Tomasz , Matejko Bartłomiej
Published: January 2022

Background. Lipohypertrophy (LH) of subcutaneous tissue is an insulin-induced complication occurring in patients with diabetes. We aimed to define the prevalence of LH and identify its risk factors in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Materials and Methods. The study included 79 consecutive CSII-treated T1DM patients. The diagnose of LH was based on ultrasonography (US) as a reference method, physical examination was also performed. Clinical characteristics were available from the medical records. Results. The median age of patients was 28 years (interquartile range [IQR], 24–30.5) with a body mass index (BMI) of 24.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.1% (IQR, 6.7–8.1), T1DM duration 15 (9–20) years, and CSII use duration of 8 year (IQR, 5–11). LH was detected by US in 75 (94.9%) patients. This value was much higher than this obtained by visual assessment (n = 39, 49.4%) or palpation (n = 59, 74.7%). In univariate analyses, the following risk factors for occurrence of 5 and more LH lesions were identified: the ratio of insulin dose to body mass exceeding 0.7 IU/kg (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.43–10.01) and the total daily insulin dose (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.09). A higher dose of insulin per kg remained a significant risk factor of LH amount in multivariate analysis. Conclusion. This selected T1DM cohort treated with CSII had a very high prevalence of LH. US assessment should be considered as a reference method for LH screening in T1DM patients. The identified risk factors for the number of LH lesions were related to insulin dosing.
Comparison of Minimally Invasive Surgery Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and TLIF for Treatment of Lumbar Spine Stenosis
Authors: Gao Guodong , Cao Linzhong , Du Xiaozheng , Xu Bin , Zhang Ping , Zhang Xiaogang , Wang Rong , Quan Zhen
Published: January 2022

With the development of minimally invasive technology, minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion has become an effective way to treat lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the common diseases that cause backache or lumbago and sciatica. This article compares and analyzes the clinical efficacy of 60 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. It can be seen that the wound by MIS-TLIF is significantly less than that of traditional open surgery, and the postoperative recovery of MIS-TLIF is faster. So, MIS-TLIF is one of the concepts of minimally invasive surgery. The age distribution ranged from 56 to 78 years, with an average of 65.7 years. 31 cases were treated with MIS-TLIF (MIS-TLIF group), and 29 were treated with traditional posterior open surgery (TLIF group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative drainage of the operation area were recorded. After statistical testing, the intraoperative blood loss, incision size, and postoperative drainage volume of the wound in the MIS-TLIF group were significantly less than those in the TLIF group. The results of JOA score, ODI score, and VAS score during the postoperative follow-up period were comparable to those of open surgery. Therefore, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion is effective in treating lumbar spinal stenosis.
Identification of Molecular Subtypes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Dysregulated Immune LncRNAs
Authors: Du Yucong , Ji Zhenhua , Liao Jianchun , Liu Huanhai , Peng Hu
Published: January 2022

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform indispensable functions in cancer pathologies and are involved in the onset and progression of multiple cancers. Multiple platforms were performed to comprehensively analyze the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for determining molecular subtypes. Molecular subtypes were clustered and analyzed by the “ConsensusClusterPlus” R package. The Limma software was utilized to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO), were performed on the three database resources. Seventeen lncRNAs were determined as HNSCC-specific immune lncRNAs that were dysregulated. Our research identified and redefined two distinct molecular subtypes, C1 (230 samples) and C2 (269 samples). Moreover, the C1 subtype had a higher survival rate than the C2 subtype in HNSCC samples, as well as a prolonged median survival duration with activated immune response. 1531 DEGs, including 529 upmodulated genes and 1002 downmodulated genes, were identified in the above two subtypes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that upmodulated genes in C2 were associated with tumorigenesis and development, while downregulated genes in C2 were associated with immune response. By comparing with the existing immunophenotyping group, it found that C1 had more overlaps with the existing Atypical and Basal, and C2 and Classical and Mesenchymal had a high degree of coincidence. On the basis of lncRNA, there were significant differences in the aspect of prognostic and immunological characteristics in the two identified molecular subtypes of HNSCC.
Blockchain and Fog Computing in IoT-Driven Healthcare Services for Smart Cities
Authors: Kamruzzaman M. M. , Yan Bingxin , Sarker Md Nazirul Islam , Alruwaili Omar , Wu Min , Alrashdi Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

Nowadays, technology has been evolving rapidly. Due to the consequent impact of smart technologies, it becomes a ubiquitous part of life. These technologies have led to the emergence of smart cities that are geographic areas driven by advanced information and communication technologies. In the context of smart cities, IoT, blockchain, and fog computing have been found as the significant drivers of smart initiates. In this recognition, the present study is focused on delineating the impact and potential of blockchain, IoT, and fog computing on healthcare services in the context of smart cities. In pursuit of this objective, the study has conducted a systematic review of literature that is most relevant to the topic of the paper. In order to select the most relevant and credible articles, the researcher has used PRISMA and AMSTAR that have culminated in the 10 most relevant articles for the present study. The findings revealed that IoT, blockchain, and fog computing had become drivers of efficiency in the healthcare services in smart cities. Among the three technologies, IoT has been found to be widely incorporated. However, it is found to be lacking in terms of cost efficiency, data privacy, and interoperability of data. In this recognition, blockchain technology and fog computing have been found to be more relevant to the healthcare sector in smart cities. Blockchain has been presented as a promising technology for ensuring the protection of private data, creating a decentralized database, and improving the interoperability of data while fog computing has been presented as the promising technology for low-cost remote monitoring, reducing latency and increasing efficiency.
Clinical Relevance of Computed Tomography Perfusion-Estimated Infarct Volume in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients within the 6-h Therapeutic Time Window
Authors: Kim Bo Kyu , Kim Byungjun , You Sung-Hye
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Although the estimated infarct volume on baseline computed tomography perfusion (CTP) can identify patients who are likely to benefit from endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in late time window strokes, the role of CTP imaging in early time windows has not been established. We assessed the clinical impact of CTP-estimated infarct volume on long-term prognosis after EVT, particularly in patients with early time window stroke. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent pretreatment CTP and EVT for large vessel occlusion in the anterior circulation within 6 h after symptom onset between March 2014 and February 2019. The infarct volume at baseline CTP was estimated using commercially available software (RAPID, iSchemaView, Menlo Park, CA, USA) with a cerebral blood flow threshold <30% of the normal brain. Risk factors for poor outcome after EVT were evaluated, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify CTP-estimated infarct volumes that optimally predicted the development of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and poor outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 3–6) at 90 days. Results: Of 120 patients, successful recanalization was achieved in 89 (74.2%) patients, while 61 (50.8%) showed poor outcomes at 90 days. Among 89 patients with successful recanalization after EVT, age, diabetes, clinical stroke severity, CTP-estimated infarct volume, and sICH development were independently associated with 90-day clinical outcomes. ROC analysis identified infarct volumes of ≥88.5 mL and ≥74 mL as the optimal thresholds for predicting poor outcome and development of sICH, respectively. Patients with large infarct volumes showed poorer outcomes (odds ratio [OR], 7.704; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.528–38.839) and higher rates of sICH development (OR, 10.857; 95% CI, 1.835–64.235). Among patients with large infarction volumes (≥88.5 mL), the 90-day mRS demonstrated a shift toward better outcomes in patients with successful recanalization. Conclusion: Larger initial infarct volumes are significantly associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients who underwent EVT because of early time window stroke. Furthermore, our study of 6-h data demonstrated that an initial infarction of more than a certain volume might be an independent risk factor for sICH development and poor outcomes even in patients with successful recanalization. However, we still observed benefits of EVT in patients with large ischemic cores. The CTP-estimated infarct volume might be an important prognostic factor after EVT rather than a biomarker predicting treatment effectiveness.
The Effect of an Education Module to Reduce Weight Bias among Medical Centers Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sherf-Dagan Shiri , Kessler Yafit , Mardy-Tilbor Limor , Raziel Asnat , Sakran Nasser , Boaz Mona , Kaufman-Shriqui Vered
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Weight bias, stigma, and discrimination are common among healthcare professionals. We aimed to evaluate whether an online education module affects weight bias and knowledge about obesity in a private medical center setting. Methods: An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted among all employees of a chain of private medical centers in Israel (n = 3,290). Employees who confirmed their consent to participate in the study were randomized into intervention or control (i.e., “no intervention”) arms. The study intervention was an online 15-min educational module that included obesity, weight bias, stigma, and discrimination information. Questionnaires on Anti-Fat Attitudes (AFA), fat-phobia scale (F-scale), and beliefs about the causes of obesity were answered at baseline (i.e., right before the intervention), 7 days, and 30 days post-intervention. Results: A total of 506, 230, and 145 employees responded to the baseline, 7-day, and 30-day post-intervention questionnaires, respectively. Mean participant age was 43.3 ± 11.6 years, 84.6% were women, and 67.4% held an academic degree. Mean F-scale scores and percentage of participants with above-average fat-phobic attitudes (≥3.6) significantly decreased only within the intervention group over time (p ≤ 0.042). However, no significant differences between groups over time were observed for AFA scores or factors beliefs to cause obesity. Conclusions: A single exposure to an online education module on weight bias and knowledge about obesity may confer only a modest short-term improvement in medical center employees’ fat-phobic attitudes toward people with obesity. Future studies should examine if reexposure to such intervention could impact weight bias, stigma, and discrimination among medical center staff in the long-term.
SELENOT Deficiency in the Mouse Brain Impacts Catecholaminergic Neuron Density: An Immunohistochemical, in situ Hybridization and 3D Light-Sheet Imaging Study
Authors: Godefroy David , Boukhzar Loubna , Mallouki Ben Yamine , Carpentier Emmanuelle , Dubessy Christophe , Chigr Fatiha , Tillet Yves , Anouar Youssef
Published: January 2022

Background: Selenoprotein T (SELENOT), a PACAP-regulated thioredoxin-like protein, plays a role in catecholamine secretion and protects dopaminergic neurons. However, the role of SELENOT in the establishment of the catecholaminergic (CA) neuronal system is not known yet. Methods: We analyzed by immunohistochemistry and RNAscope in situ hybridization the distribution of SELENOT and the expression of its mRNA, respectively. In addition, 3D imaging involving immunostaining in toto, clearing through the iDISCO+ method, acquisitions by light-sheet microscopy, and processing of 3D images was performed to map the CA neuronal system. A semi-automatic quantification of 3D images was carried out. Results: SELENOT protein and mRNA are widely distributed in the mouse brain, with important local variations. Three-dimensional mapping, through tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) labeling, and semi-automated quantification of CA neurons in brain-specific SELENOT knockout mice showed a significant decrease in the number of TH-positive neurons in the area postrema (AP-A2), the A11 cell group (A11), and the zona incerta (ZI-A13) of SELENOT-deficient females, and in the hypothalamus (Hyp-A12-A14-A15) of SELENOT-deficient females and males. Conclusion: These results showed that SELENOT is diffusely expressed in the mouse brain and that its deficiency impacts CA neuron distribution in different brain areas including Hyp-A12-A14-A15, in both male and female mice.
O Conselho Ultramarino e as queixas e agravos do ultramar português (Minas Gerais, 1750-1808)
Authors: Fernandes Renata Silva
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é examinar alguns dos tipos de queixa a partir das quais os súditos do ultramar buscavam e muitas vezes logravam a intercessão do monarca e de seu Conselho Ultramarino frente às condutas antijurídicas dos oficiais. Explicar esses mecanismos requer identificar suas conformações, considerando a “condição” de quem pedia, a forma a partir da qual se pedia, as razões pelas quais se pedia, os “remédios” efetivamente pedidos e, não menos importante, os procedimentos institucionais que suscitaram no Conselho Ultramarino – aspectos que podem, como argumentarei, ser, em boa medida, lastreados na sedimentação documental e arquivística da instituição. Para tanto, parto do corpus documental da instituição pertinente à capitania de Minas Gerais na segunda metade do século XVIII. Meu enfoque será o mundo formal e institucional tomando-o como dimensão relevante para compreensão da cultura jurídica do período e dos dispositivos a partir dos quais o poder régio, através de seu Conselho Ultramarino, se fazia presente nos territórios do ultramar e exercia, direta ou indiretamente, uma função de controle, ou ao menos, de tutela e disciplina sobre o oficialato.
Sérgio Buarque de Holanda e o mal-estar da profissionalização: entre o ensaio e a diferença (1948-1959)
Authors: Sanches Dalton
Published: January 2022

Concentrando-nos entre os anos de 1948 – data de um paradigmático artigo de jornal intitulado “Novos rumos da Sociologia” – e 1959 – data, por sua vez, do registro de defesa da tese Visão do Paraíso –, buscaremos pontualmente inscrever, no amplo e prolongado movimento de profissionalização da disciplina história e das ciências sociais, parte das estratégias textuais e discursivas de Sérgio Buarque de Holanda para, de forma plástica, mas não sem tensões, se estabilizar nesse momento decisivo de modificação das condições de produção intelectual no âmbito da Universidade de São Paulo. Sugeriremos, entre outras coisas, que a categoria ensaio se constitui, aí, como um significante flutuante mobilizado performativamente no sentido da ordem do discurso e da memória disciplinar. Dessarte, ao se converter em verdadeiro instrumento prático de classificação que estabelece as semelhanças e diferenças no ato de nomeação, principalmente se se pensa na posição antitética representada doravante por Gilberto Freyre, o uso da categoria cumpre a função de instaurar o “novo” almejado pelas figuras proeminentes desse específico ambiente intelectual.
Genealogy in the development of ancient historiography: Genealogy and history in Herodotus
Authors: Condilo Camila
Published: January 2022

In this article, I suggest that genealogy was a rhetorical strategy to build authority in the ancient history writing. In this way, I divide my argument into four parts. Firstly, I present my understanding of genealogy and authority, as these concepts orient my selection and analysis of the evidence. Secondly, I turn to the genealogical evidence, trying to demonstrate its relation with controversial debates and its role as a rhetorical tool. For this, I compare Herodotus’ and Isocrates’ use of genealogy, and suggest that genealogy was a form of tekmerion. Thirdly, I try to substantiate this hypothesis by looking at both Aristotle’s definition of tekmerion and to what extent Herodotus and Isocrates share his understanding of this word. Finally, I present considerations about why genealogy was such a powerful rhetorical resource in discourses of various nature, history included.
O excepcional Villa Dolores de Montevidéu: de menagérie a zoológico municipal (1894-2014)
Authors: Duarte Regina Horta
Published: January 2022

Desde seu surgimento em 1894, o Zoológico de Villa Dolores, em Montevidéu, teve uma história significativa. Esta instituição se entrelaçou com conflitos sociais e políticos entre tradição e modernidade e as esferas pública e privada. A “era do Centenário” (1910-1930) foi uma época dinâmica na construção de uma nação moderna, democrática e laica. Este articulo argumenta que Villa Dolores pode ser analisado como uma alegoria da história do Uruguai, suas contradições e desafios. Contribui ainda para a história das relações dessa sociedade com os animais. As disputas que levaram ao fechamento do Zoológico em 2014 expressam os paradoxos entre memória, ação social e expectativas para o futuro da sociedade uruguaia. Enquanto isso, todo o seu patrimônio físico e material vai sendo perdido.
Imigrantes açorianos na transição da escravatura para o trabalho livre no Brasil (décadas de 1830 e 1840)
Authors: Galvanese Marina Simões
Published: January 2022

A historiografia brasileira normalmente não inclui a imigração portuguesa e os fluxos migratórios anteriores a 1850 no processo de transição da mão de obra escrava para a livre no país. Este artigo demonstra que, na década de 1830, as elites brasileiras já se preparavam para atrair imigrantes e criar um mercado de trabalho assalariado no país. Em 1830, foi aprovado um projeto de Vergueiro para regulamentar os contratos de trabalho com imigrantes. No mesmo ano, o Senado rejeitou a concessão de terras a estrangeiros. Consagrado o modelo de imigração, formaram-se companhias particulares que transportavam portugueses despossuídos dos Açores para o Brasil, fenômeno que ficou conhecido como ‘escravatura branca’. Muitos desses imigrantes trabalhavam ao lado de africanos escravizados e disputavam com eles postos de trabalho, tendo, assim, participado ativamente do processo de transição da mão de obra escrava para a livre no Brasil.
Pollen morphology of some Veronica species (Plantaginaceae) from Turkey
Authors: VARLIK KADER , ARMAĞAN METİN , BÜLBÜL ALİ SAVAŞ
Published: January 2022

The aim of the present work is to provide an account on the morphological features of pollen of Veronica species in Turkey, as a contribution to future research. Pollen morphology of 20 species of the Veronica were investigated using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Different palyno-morphological features including; pollen ornamentation, colpus ornamentation, size of polar and equatorial diameter, P/E ratio, exine thickness, and size of colpus were observed. The study revealed that the pollen grains of the studied Veronica species were in all cases tricolpate, radially symmetrical and isopolar, oblate-spheroidal or prolate spheroidal. The surface pattern of the exine varied from striato-reticulate and striato-microreticulate to microechinate-perforate, which allows recognition of three homonymous types of pollen grains.
Riccia anatolica sp. nov. a new liverwort (Ricciaceae) species from Turkey
Authors: ÖZENOĞLU HATİCE , KIRMACI MESUT
Published: January 2022

Riccia anatolica sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a new species from Tarsus-Mersin in the southern part of Turkey. The new species is morphologically similar to some common Turkish (R. nigrella and R. trabutiana) and Middle Eastern (R. okahandjana and R. congoana) Riccia species. It can be distinguished from two Riccia species with shiny black scales that occur in Turkey—R. nigrella and R. trabutiana- by the two layered epidermis, plant size, spores and thallus colour.
Two new species of the previously monospecific genus Guipuzcosoma Vicente & Mauriès, 1980 from Spain, with establishment of Guipuzcosomatidae fam. nov. (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida)
Authors: ANTIĆ DRAGAN , MAURIÈS JEAN-PAUL
Published: January 2022

The present paper refers to the description of two new species of the previously monospecific genus Guipuzcosoma, viz., Guipuzcosoma karinae sp. nov. and G. reipi sp. nov. Given the unique combination of characters of this genus, we have established a higher taxonomic category, Guipuzcosomatidae fam. nov., which is clearly different from the family Vandeleumatidae, to which Guipuzcosoma was assigned earlier. Based on the structures of the anterior and posterior gonopods, we speculate that the new family may belong to the superfamilies Anthroleucosomatoidea or Cleidogonoidea. A diagnosis of the family, a brief description of the genus, as well as a diagnosis of all three species and detailed descriptions with illustrations of the two new species are presented. All three species were mapped. Additionally, some problems related to the taxonomy and classification within Chordeumatida, as well as the hypothetical association of the new family with some other chordeumatidans, are briefly discussed. Finally, the monospecific genus Miniusoma Mauriès, 2014 is transferred here from the family Vandeleumatidae to the family Anthogonidae.
America’s Original Immunization Controversy: The Tercentenary of the Boston Smallpox Epidemic of 1721
Authors: Nakayama Don K.
Published: January 2022

The CoVID-19 pandemic marks the 300th anniversary of the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1721, America’s first immunization controversy. Puritan minister Cotton Mather learned of inoculation for smallpox from Onesimus, a man enslaved to him. When the disease broke out in May 1721, Mather urged Boston’s physicians to inoculate all those vulnerable to the disease. Zabdiel Boylston, alone among his colleagues, decided to proceed with the procedure, igniting a heated debate that occasionally grew violent. The division between the advocates and detractors of inoculation were as deep as religion and politics. Puritan ministers supported inoculation, asserting their right to control the lives of their flock. Challenging them were a secular class of medical professionals that proclaimed primacy in medical matters. The controversy was inflamed by a nascent newspaper industry eager to profit from the fear of contagion and the passionate debate. Despite the furor and physical risk to himself and his family Boylston inoculated 282 persons, of whom only 6 died (2.1%). Of the 5759 townspeople who contracted smallpox during the epidemic, there were 844 deaths (14.7%). In America’s first effort at preventive medicine Boylston established the efficacy of inoculation, which helped support its acceptance in England, and later in the century, the adoption of Edward Jenner’s technique of vaccination in 1796.
The Cultural Center of the World: Art, Finance, and Globalization in Late Twentieth-Century New York
Authors: Miller-Davenport Sarah
Published: January 2022

This article explores why New York City’s municipal government, together with private benefactors, poured an unprecedented amount of money into the arts during the 1980s, a time of broader austerity. While other public expenditures saw dramatic cuts, the arts were considered essential to the city’s future as a center for global capital—as a way to lure financial elites and young professionals to the city, create new forms of revenue-raising consumption, and cement New York’s reputation as the ultimate global city. New York had always had a vital arts scene. But in the 1980s, the arts were monetized in new ways to serve capital—and capitalists. Arts and culture were central to the new urban lifestyle that helped produce the explosion of global finance. But as arts and culture increasingly came to be associated with a luxury lifestyle, the arts themselves became a luxury, inaccessible to most New Yorkers.
From the Local Economy to the Global Market. Municipal-Level Spatial Economic Modelling of International Trade for Brazil
Authors: Díaz-Dapena Alberto , Grecco Zanon Moura Ticiana , Rubiera-Morollón Fernando
Published: January 2022

International trade is one of the key spheres of economic policy. It is crucial for a country to understand the dynamics of its export markets to create a coherent strategy to improve its position in global markets. Research in this field is particularly interesting for both economists and policy makers. However, due to a lack of data, most of the well-established literature is focused on the national level. Therefore, there is little evidence on the influence of local characteristics on export markets. This research aims to evaluate the influence of regional factors on the competitiveness of firms in international markets, focussing on the importance of agglomeration economies and location, among other local factors. To identify this influence, this paper studies the case of Brazil. This country offers rich disaggregated information that allows this type of research and displays enormous differences across rural and urban areas. Given these differences, the assumption of homogeneous effects is too restrictive. Therefore, to study the patterns across different territories around the country, Geographically Weighted Generalized Linear Model (GWGLM) method is applied. The results indicate an interaction between location and the influence of several local characteristics such as human capital, the degree of development and the local economic structure. This relationship creates virtuous circles in a few locations where urban agglomerations create a suitable environment for firms, while opposite patterns appear in other locations.

JEL codes: F14, R11 and R12
Conjoint trajectories of couples’ marital and parental conflictual behaviors and later-life mental, physical, and relational health
Authors: Lee Seonhwa , Wickrama Kandauda AS , Lee Tae Kyoung , Klopack Eric T
Published: January 2022

Conflictual marital and parental relationships mutually reinforce each other generating family-level stress. The cumulative experiences of stressful family conflictual circumstances (a family-level construct of family conflictual circumstances (FCC), based on marital and parental conflictual behaviors) affect a couple’s well-being. The present study, utilizing longitudinal data of 370 couples in enduring marriages and a person-centered approach, examined: a) the existence of heterogeneous groups of couples with FCC trajectory patterns, b) whether individual and contextual factors are associated with FCC trajectory patterns, and c) differential later-life health and relational consequences of these groups. We identified four heterogeneous groups of couples with distinct FCC trajectory patterns in the early middle years (from 1990 to 1994; approximately age 40 for both husbands and wives). Personal (neurotic vulnerability) and contextual factors (family financial hardship) influenced the development of the FCC trajectories, and FCC trajectory patterns were consequential for spouses’ later mental, physical, and relational health (2001). Two features of the longitudinal synchrony in FCC trajectory patterns (severity and synchrony) were utilized to explain the differential impacts of the trajectory patterns on spouses’ later health and relational outcomes.
Proportional integral feedback control of ultrafiltration rate in hemodialysis
Authors: Casper Sabrina , Fuertinger Doris H , Tapia Silva Leticia M , Rivera Fuentes Lemuel , Thijssen Stephan , Kotanko Peter
Published: January 2022

Background:

Most hemodialysis patients without residual kidney function accumulate fluid between dialysis session that needs to be removed by ultrafiltration. Ultrafiltration usually results in a decline in relative blood volume (RBV). Recent epidemiological research has identified RBV ranges that were associated with significantly better survival. The objective of this work was to develop an ultrafiltration controller to steer a patient’s RBV trajectory into these favorable RBV ranges.

Methods:

We designed a proportional-integral feedback ultrafiltration controller that utilizes signals from a device that reports RBV. The control goal is to attain the RBV trajectory associated with improved patient survival. Additional constraints such as upper and lower bounds of ultrafiltration volume and rate were realized. The controller was evaluated in in silico and ex vivo bench experiments, and in a clinical proof-of-concept study in two maintenance dialysis patients.

Results:

In all tests, the ultrafiltration controller performed as expected. In the in silico and ex vivo bench experiments, the controller showed robust reaction toward deliberate disruptive interventions (e.g. signal noise; extreme plasma refill rates). No adverse events were observed in the clinical study.

Conclusions:

The ultrafiltration controller can steer RBV trajectories toward desired RBV ranges while obeying to a set of constraints. Prospective studies in hemodialysis patients with diverse clinical characteristics are warranted to further explore the controllers impact on intradialytic hemodynamic stability, quality of life, and long-term outcomes.
Quantification of dissolved H2 and continuous monitoring of hydrogen-rich water for haemodialysis applications: An experimental study
Authors: Mouzakis Foivos Leonidas , Khadka Lal Babu , Pereira da Silva Miguel , Mottaghy Khosrow
Published: January 2022

The prevalence of oxidative and inflammatory stress in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has often been associated with chronic haemodialysis therapies. Over the past decades, several reports have shown the potential of hydrogen molecule as an antioxidant in the treatment of various medical conditions in animal models, as well as in pilot studies with human patients. Recently, a hydrogen-enriched dialysate solution has been introduced, holding promise in reducing the oxidative and/or inflammatory complications arising during haemodialysis. To this end, a standardised measuring method to determine the levels of hydrogen in dialysate and subsequently in blood is required. This study explores the possibility of quantifying hydrogen concentration using a novel contactless sensor that detects dissolved hydrogen in liquids. An experimental circuit is assembled to validate the sensitivity and accuracy of the hydrogen monitoring system (Pureron Japan Co., Ltd) through in vitro investigations with physiological solutions. Measurements of dissolved molecular hydrogen concentration are corroborated by an established oxygen sensor providing continuous partial pressure readings. The relationship between the applied H2 content in the gaseous mixture and the H2 concentration value at equilibrium is linear. At the same time, the hydrogen monitoring system has a rather long response time, and its readings seem to slightly diverge from sensor to sensor as well as at different temperatures. For this reason, a sensor recalibration might be necessary, which could become part of the product’s ongoing development. Nevertheless, the aforementioned minor deficiencies can be mostly considered negligible in applications such as haemodialysis.
Diagnostic and public health investigation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a dog in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Haydock Luke A. J. , Abrams-Ogg Anthony C. G. , Weese J. Scott , Goldstein Michael R. , Clifford Amy B. , Sebastian Adrian , Rea Elizabeth H. , Jamieson Frances B. , Duncan Carla , Andrievskaia Olga , Savic Mirjana , Slavic Durda , Foster Robert A. , Greenwood Christopher J. , MacDonald Tamara L. , Scott Jacqueline E. , Sanchez Andrea
Published: January 2022

A 4-y-old, female mixed-breed dog was presented to the Ontario Veterinary College for further evaluation of multiple pulmonary and hepatic masses, intrathoracic lymphadenitis, and recent development of a pyogranulomatous pleural effusion. Along with other comprehensive tests, a thoracic lymph node biopsy was performed, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection was confirmed by real-time PCR. The dog’s condition declined post-operatively, and euthanasia was elected. Postmortem examination confirmed severe granulomatous pneumonia, hepatitis, intrathoracic and intraabdominal lymphadenitis, omentitis, and nephritis. Line-probe assays performed on samples collected postmortem confirmed the species as M. tuberculosis. 24-loci MIRU-VNTR genotyping, spoligotyping, and whole-genome sequencing revealed relations to known human isolates, but no epidemiologic link to these cases was investigated. Given the concern for potential human exposure during this animal’s disease course, a public health investigation was initiated; 45 individuals were tested for M. tuberculosis exposure, and no subsequent human infections related to this animal were identified. Our case highlights the need for more readily available, minimally invasive testing for the diagnosis of canine mycobacteriosis, and highlights the ability of canid species to act as potential contributors to the epidemiology of M. tuberculosis infections.
Cutaneous and splenic mastocytosis in a juvenile Malayan tiger
Authors: Smedley Rebecca C. , Stedman Nancy L. , Kiupel Matti
Published: January 2022

A male Malayan tiger cub developed well-circumscribed, erythematous, alopecic lesions on the face, torso, and paws when 1-wk-old. Biopsies of a torso lesion and a right front paw lesion at 1-mo-old confirmed cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs). MCTs on the paws grew into pendulous masses up to 6.5 cm in diameter by 3-mo-old, but those on the face and torso regressed. Fine-needle aspiration of the spleen at 3-mo-old revealed marked mast cell infiltration. The spleen and the right paw cutaneous MCT were removed; the paw MCT recurred within 7 d. A 12-bp tandem duplication, suggesting a somatic mutation, was identified in exon 8 of c-KIT in DNA extracted from the cutaneous MCT on the right paw and from one over the torso, but not from the spleen. Remaining MCTs on the paws regressed slowly following splenectomy and had completely regressed by 1-y-old. At 7-y-old, there was no recurrence of any mast cell disease. Mast cell disease in this tiger cub is similar to a report in a domestic kitten and to pediatric mastocytosis in humans, which commonly begins in infancy, improves by adolescence, and is associated with somatic c-kit mutations. To our knowledge, mastocytosis has not been reported previously in a juvenile exotic felid.
An Anatomic Study of the Lateral Dorsal Cutaneous Nerve Using 3-Tesla MRI: A Comparison to Cadaveric Data With Surgical Applications
Authors: Ghetti Claudio B. , Mitchell Brendon C. , Shah Vrajesh J. , Onodera Keenan , Berger Garrett K. , Huang Brady , Foran Ian M. , Kent William T.
Published: January 2022

Background:

The lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve (LDCN) and the anastomotic branch of the sural nerve (AB) are cutaneous sensory nerves at risk of iatrogenic injury during lateral foot surgery. This study is the first to use a large cohort of high-resolution magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the ankle to better describe the course of these nerves in vivo in order to aid surgeons intraoperatively. Our study intends to build on the “high and inside” approach to the proximal 5MT by accounting for variations in course of the LDCN and AB.

Methods:

One hundred twenty-five 3-tesla (T) MRI studies of the ankle were analyzed. Three reviewers measured the distance from the LDCN and AB to landmarks including the most proximal aspect of the fifth metatarsal tuberosity (5MT) and the peroneus brevis tendon (PBT).

Results:

Mean vertical distance from the LDCN to the 5MT was 0.8 ± 0.2 cm. Presence of an AB was visualized in 59 of 125 studies (47.2%) and was found 2.2 ± 0.5 cm dorsal to the 5MT. The AB was found to become superior to PBT at a horizontal distance 1.9 ± 0.5 cm proximal to the 5MT. The LDCN was found superior to the PBT at its insertion onto the 5MT in approximately 10% (n = 12) of our studies. During these instances, the LDCN was located an average of 0.3 cm dorsal to the PBT.

Conclusion:

Our proposed “safe zone” for the approach to the proximal 5MT remains superior to the LDCN and inferior to the AB and avoids crossing directly over either nerve in >95% of analyzed MRI studies. This incision begins 1.5 cm dorsal to the most proximal aspect of the 5MT and extends no more than 1 cm posteriorly. Careful dissection and identification of the LDCN and possible AB is necessary prior to further extension of incision.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series.
Blameworthy Suspects and “Real Rape”: Assessing the Effects of Rape Culture-Specific Suspect Culpability Factors on the Police Decision to Arrest
Authors: Acquaviva Brittany L. , Meeker Katherine A. , O’Neal Eryn Nicole
Published: January 2022

Police are considered “gatekeepers” of the criminal-legal system because their decisions significantly impact case outcomes. Using rape culture as our theoretical framework, we examine rape culture-specific factors that influence police arrest decisions in sexual assault cases reported to Los Angeles police. Importantly, extant research using this approach has overwhelmingly focused on indicators of “genuine victims,” and few studies have assessed rape culture-specific indicators of suspect culpability in sexual assault case processing. The present study addresses this gap. Findings indicate that arrest decisions are motivated by rape culture-specific indicators of suspect culpability and “real rape.” Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Effect of particle size on composition, physicochemical, functional, and structural properties of insoluble dietary fiber concentrate from citrus peel
Authors: Feng Xueying , Yu Ben , Regenstein Joe M , Wang Lufeng
Published: January 2022

To investigate the composition, physicochemical, functional, and structural properties of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate from citrus peel affected by different particle sizes, citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate was modified by coarse crush and superfine grinding treatments. The results showed that the contents of hemicellulose and lignin significantly decrease and a significant increase in cellulose and insoluble dietary fiber contents with the reduction in particle size. In addition, the markedly decreased particle size and obviously microstructural changes of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate powder were observed. The color value of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate was observably improved, crystallinity and thermal stability of modified fiber slightly increase with the decrease in particle size, which is due to the partial elimination of hemicellulose and lignin after the treatments. However, water holding capacity, water swelling capacity, and oil holding capacity were found to be lower with the reduction in particle size, which might be attributed to the fact that superfine grinding treatment destroyed the structure integrity, thus causing some soluble components to break away from the cellulose backbone, or due to aggregation of smaller granules. The present study suggested that decreasing the particle size could effectively change some properties of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate, which will provide new perspectives for the application of citrus insoluble dietary fiber concentrate in food products.
Surface conditioning with bacteriophages reduces biofilm formation of Salmonella Heidelberg
Authors: Webber Bruna , Pottker Emanuele S , Rizzo Natalie N , Núncio Adriana SP , Peixoto Caroline S , Mistura Enzo , dos Santos Luciana R , Rodrigues Laura B , do Nascimento Vladimir P
Published: January 2022

Salmonella remains one of the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide, and its resistance to antimicrobials has increased considerably over the years. In this context, was evaluated the action of three bacteriophages isolated or combined in inhibiting the adhesion and removal of Salmonella Heidelberg biofilm on a polystyrene surface. The bacteriophages UPF_BP1, UPF_BP2, UPF_BP3 and a pool of them were used for biocontrol of Salmonella Heidelberg biofilms on polystyrene surface in the action times of 3, 6 and 9 h. Individual and combined phages exhibited reductions in Salmonella Heidelberg adhesion of up to 83.4% and up to 64.0% in removal of preformed biofilm. The use of synergistic combinations between the phages is the most indicated option due to its potential to reduce biofilms. The use of the bacteriophage pool in surface conditioning is an alternative in the control of Salmonella Heidelberg biofilms.
Immersion in Organizational Ethnography: Four Methodological Requirements to Immerse Oneself in the Field
Authors: Dumont Guillaume
Published: January 2022

This article addresses the question of how to achieve immersion in organizational ethnography. Working through a broad set of ethnographies in organization studies, sociology, and anthropology, I develop a multi-faceted conceptualization of immersion and offer a framework that integrates four methodological principles—involvement, engagement, duration, and sites—to help organizational ethnographers achieve immersion. In closing, I discuss how this framework advances ongoing debates about involvement, multi-sitedness, and fieldwork design, resulting in a more systematic and reflexive approach to immersion in organizational ethnography.
Draft Genome Sequence of Oceanobacillus jordanicus Strain GSFE11, a Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterial Endophyte Isolated From the Jordan Valley
Authors: Alhindi Tareq , Albdaiwi Randa
Published: January 2022

The bacterium Oceanobacillus jordanicus strain GSFE11 is a halotolerant endophyte isolated from sterilized roots of Durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum ssp. Durum) growing in hot and arid environments of Ghor Safi area in the Jordan Valley. The draft genome sequence and annotation of this plant growth-promoting endophytic bacterium are reported in this study. The draft genome sequence of Oceanobacillus jordanicus strain GSFE11 has 3 839 208 bp with a G + C content of 39.09%. A total of 3893 protein-coding genes and 68 RNA coding genes were predicted. Several putative genes that are involved in secretion and delivery systems, transport, adhesion, motility, membrane proteins, plant cell wall modification, and detoxification were identified, some are characteristics of endophytes lifestyle including genes that are involved in metabolism of carbohydrate, genes for xylose, fructose and chitin utilization, quinone cofactors biosynthesis, genes associated with nitrogen, sulfur, phosphate and iron acquisition, in addition to genes involved in the biosynthesis of plant hormone auxin. This study highlights the importance of using genome analysis and phylogenomic analysis to resolve the differences between closely related species, such analysis showed Oceanobacillus jordanicus strain GSFE11 to be a new species closely related to Oceanobacillus picturae (genome size 3.67 Mb), Oceanobacillus jordanicus has higher a number of predicted genes compared with Oceanobacillus picturae (3961 genes vs 3823 genes).
Wait-and-see-ism as partial adoption of management practices: The rise and stall of integrated reporting
Authors: Endenich Christoph , Hahn Rüdiger , Reimsbach Daniel , Wickert Christopher
Published: January 2022

Integrated reporting has widely been promoted as the next evolutionary step in corporate disclosure, which would soon replace traditional reporting practices. Embedded in a zeitgeist that favors sustainability, this outlook would suggest high integrated reporting adoption rates among reporting organizations. Our analysis of integrated reporting in Germany from 2008 to 2019 shows, however, that organizations approached integrated reporting with a wait-and-see mentality. This approach cannot be described adequately by the existing conceptualizations of (partial) practice adoption. We therefore develop the notion of wait-and-see-ism, defined as the deliberate and potentially long-lasting postponement of a decision to adopt a practice while its further development is monitored silently. We see limited, though continuous, efforts to prepare for the prospect of adopting the practice of integrated reporting quickly at a later stage. Wait-and-see-ism expands on prior work on partial adoption by emphasizing its temporal dimension. This adds an important yet undertheorized option that organizations can employ to respond to ambiguous institutional demands, thus explaining the stalling of promising management practices.