bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeito do treinamento muscular do assoalho pélvico (TMAP) versus ginástica abdominal hipopressiva (GAH) na função sexual de mulheres climatéricas: ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Martins Barbosa Moraes Marina , Vargas da Silva Diego , Aparecida Moisés Dayane , Lúcio Adélia , Malta da Silva Filho Rui , Gomes de Souza Pegorare Ana Beatriz
Published: January 2022

RESUMO – A sexualidade e a continência são aspectos centrais da qualidade de vida e podem ter impactos negativos no climatério. Atualmente são disponíveis novos métodos que buscam melhorara vida nessa fase. Objetivo: Comparar o impacto da Ginástica Abdominal Hipopressiva (GAH) versus o treinamento convencional dos músculos do assoalho pélvico (TMAP) sobre a função sexual de mulheres no período de climatério. Métodos: Ensaio clínico, realizado na Clinica Escola Integrada (CEI-UFMS), aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa Número do Parecer: 7846614.2.0000.0021. As mulheres envolvidas no estudo serão divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos: G1: treinamento convencional dos músculos assoalho pélvico (TMAP) e G2: método ginástica abdominal hipopressiva (GAH). Ambos os grupos foram submetidas ao protocolo de exercícios por 26 sessões, 2 vezes por semana. A avaliação é realizada pré e pós tratamento, consiste na aplicação do Índice de Função Sexual Feminina (FSFI). Resultados parciais: Até o momento temos 16 participantes do G1 tratadas e 10 participantes do G2, com idade média 53,35 (4,09SD). Os resultados preliminares apontam para melhora significativa no Score global da função sexual do grupo G1 (média inicial= 20,3 +-7,87 SD versus final=23,75 + 7,99 SD) em relação ao grupo G2 (média inicial= 18,77 - 10,50SD e final=18,3 +-11,54SD). Conclusão: Os resultados preliminares apontam que o TMAP proporciona maior benefício do que a GAH sobre a função sexual feminina.

 

Palavras-chave: Assoalho pélvico. Climatério. Modalidades de tratamento incontinência.
Relação entre aspectos antropométricos e ocorrência de lesões esportivas em ginastas segundo o sexo
Authors: Gasparetto Zadriane , Minante da Silva1 Nicole Iasmim , Alves de Oliveira Higor Alexandre , Felippe Martinez Paula , De Mendonça Bacciotti Sarita , Assis de Oliveira Júnior Silvio
Published: January 2022

Introdução.  Classicamente,   a  prática  competitiva   de   ginástica  artística  (GA)  mostra-se

associada com medidas reduzidas de estatura e massa corporal, assim como importante força

muscular. No contexto biomecânico, essas características favorecem a execução de movimentos explosivos, típicos dessa modalidade, mas também favorece a instalação de lesões esportivas (LE). Objetivo. Descrever as características antropométricas e ocorrência de LE em praticantes de GA de acordo com o sexo. Métodos. A casuística foi constituída por 60 participantes, sendo 18 do sexo masculino e 42 do sexo feminino. A análise antropométrica integrou estimadores de massa corporal, estatura e composição corporal, os quais foram obtidos com uso de balança digital calibrada, estadiômetro e adipômetro científico, respectivamente. Para avaliar a adiposidade, foi utilizada equação e tabela de referência específicas para aplicação em crianças e adolescentes. Um inquérito de morbidade referida foi utilizado para registro de LE. Os dados antropométricos foram analisados com uso de teste t de Student sob nível de significância de 5%. Outros resultados são apresentados de forma descritiva. A presente pesquisa foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa da UFMS, sob protocolo nº 5.013.655, de 02 de outubro de 2021. Resultados. No aspecto antropométrico, o grupo feminino mostrou maior estatura (1,44±0,19 vs. 1,38±0,14m; p=0,026) e massa corporal (39,3±11,1 vs. 32,8±7,9kg; p=0,008) em comparação ao masculino. Em relação à adiposidade corporal, assim como para faixa etária, não foi verificada diferença devido ao sexo (p>0,05). Além disso, observou-se um total de 31 LE retrospectivas, com maior número de casos entre praticantes do sexo feminino (n=24), em comparação ao masculino (n=7). CONCLUSÃO. Jovens praticantes de GA do sexo feminino mostram maior estatura e massa corporal, em associação com maior ocorrência de LE em comparação a ginastas do sexo masculino. APOIO: UFMS, CAPES (Código: 001), CNPq.

 

Palavras-chave: Ginástica. Crescimento. Desempenho.
HEADACHE PROFILE AND ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS IN INTRACRANIAL TUMORS
Authors: Riski Apriady Adhitya , Wibisono Yusuf , Nugraha Hermawan Asep
Published: January 2022

Intracranial tumors are rare in headache sufferers, although headache is common in intracranial tumor patients. This limits the utility of headache symptoms to make a diagnosis, and it's crucial to know whether people with intracranial tumors have specific headache criteria. Other investigations do not support the classic criteria for headache in intracranial tumors, such as progressive, worse in the morning, and exacerbated by Valsalva maneuvers. Clinical studies found that headache as the sole symptom was rare, and only occurred in 2% of patients, hence this study also investigated the prevalence of nausea/vomiting, seizures, loss of consciousness, and motor deficits. This study uses resumes of medical records of patients diagnosed with intracranial tumors and hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, dr. Hasan Sadikin Central General Hospital West Java, Indonesia. While the sampling method in this study was total sampling, by taking all medical record resumes of patients with intracranial tumors from January to December 2018. Headache was a prevalent symptom of intracranial tumors in this study, occurring in 75,3 % of the subjects and was usually accompanied by other symptoms, especially motor deficits (64,5%), loss of consciousness (60,2%), nausea and vomiting (31) 2%), and seizures (23,7%). Patients were most likely to have bilateral headaches (62,5%), and 63,6% of patients who had unilateral headaches had a unilateral intracranial tumor on the same side of the headache. Patients who experienced progressive headaches were 93,5% of patients. While, the most common headache onset in patients with intracranial tumors before hospital admission were; 3-30 days (40,4%) and > 30 days - 6 months (38,5%).
Bibliografia: India
Authors: Marangoni Rossella
Published: January 2022

Questo articolo contiene una bibliografia generale sul teatro indiano.
FEEDBACK AND FEEDFORWARD AS TECHNIQUES SUPPORTING INTERNAL COMUNICATION IN THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Padlowska Anna
Published: January 2022

The article presents issues related to the use of techniques supporting internal communication, and thus - the management of employees in the enterprise. The aim of the article is to identify the differences between those supporting internal communication in the company using feedback and feedforward techniques. The research method used in this paper is the analysis of the literature on the presented issue.
HOW IDEOLOGY IS USED BY ADVERTISING
Authors: Zelinský Miroslav
Published: January 2022

In his book of essays The Plague of Phantas sies (1998) the Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek defines the current presence of a totalitarian ideology in minds and manifestations of those who were its creators and agents but also its victims. He uses the term "transideological kernel", which means a place where an individual is seemingly safe from ideological influence. However, this safe space does not in fact exist, because the more we think we are independent from an ideology, the more we are influenced by it at that certain moment and place. Considering this perspective, we are interested not only in extent, but also reasons, forms and especially potential consequences of present advertising production which is based on Communist iconography. The approach in this talk will be informed through the definition of the term "advertfact".
TSCH-LBV: Alocação dinâmica de canais com largura de banda variável em redes TSCH
Authors: Milanez Guilherme A. S. , Oliveira Thiago , Vieira Marcos A. M. , Vieira Luiz F. M. , Nacif José A. M.
Published: January 2022

A transmissão e recepção de pacotes em redes sem fio sofre com problemas como interferência, colisões e presença de gargalos, causando o aumento da latência e diminuição da vazão na rede. A alta demanda por um conjunto de enlaces pode tornar a rede ineficiente e, até mesmo, inoperante. As redes TSCH tentam evitar colisões via escalonamento de canais e tempo, no entanto, ainda há a presença de gargalos e um aprimoramento para os escalonamentos tradicionais deve ser fornecido. A largura de banda dos canais pode ser usada para melhorar a vazão em regiões com gargalos. Dessa forma, neste artigo propomos a alocação dinâmica de canais com largura de banda variável para reduzir gargalos e aumentar a vazão. A alocação de canais e escalonamento das transmissões são feitos utilizando o método de mapeamento de conflitos, onde são identificados seções de congestionamento de pacotes, em que um conjunto de nós compete pelos mesmos recursos de canal de comunicação e tempo de envio, organizando-os a fim de aprimorar a performance da rede. Neste trabalho propomos um procedimento de alocação de canais com largura de banda proporcional à demanda de pacotes por enlace. O algoritmo foi implementado na plataforma ContikiNG. Os resultados mostram a redução no tempo do slotframe e melhoria na entrega de mensagens.
rAck: Proposta de Configuração para Garantia de Entrega de Mensagens no Apache Kafka
Authors: Corrêa Iago da Cunha , Barcelos Patrícia Pitthan
Published: January 2022

O Kafka é uma plataforma de mensageria e streaming que segue um modelo produtor-consumidor. Visando garantir a entrega de mensagens, o Kafka apresenta um mecanismo de Reconhecimento Positivo (ack). Apesar de existirem três níveis distintos de configuração padrão para ack, os mesmos apresentam restrições de confiabilidade ou desempenho durante transmissões em redes instáveis, obrigando os usuários a priorizar um destes requisitos. Este trabalho propõe o Reliable Ack (rAck), uma configuração para transmissão de mensagens baseada no monitoramento, identificação e recuperação de mensagens em caso de perda. Experimentos foram conduzidos com o objetivo de comparar a configuração rAck com os níveis padrão de ack do Kafka, permitindo a observação de que a configuração proposta é viável para transmissões de mensagens em redes suscetíveis a perdas de pacotes, recuperando mensagens e apresentando desempenho satisfatório.
Estratégia Reativa e Orientada a Eventos para o Balanceamento de Réplicas em um Cluster HDFS
Authors: Fazul Rhauani Weber Aita , Barcelos Patrícia Pitthan
Published: January 2022

O HDFS Balancer é a solução oficial para o balanceamento de réplicas no sistema de arquivos distribuído do Hadoop (HDFS). Atualmente, é responsabilidade do administrador do cluster monitorar o estado do sistema e, quando julgar necessário, disparar a execução do balanceador. A configuração e disparo sob demanda do HDFS Balancer, entretanto, apresentam limitações e podem comprometer o propósito do processo. Este trabalho apresenta uma estratégia para o balanceamento reativo que toma ações automáticas baseadas no estado de atividade e inatividade dos nodos. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a solução é capaz de reagir adequadamente a eventos de adição e redução de nodos, promovendo o balanceamento de réplicas no HDFS.
O Balanceamento de Réplicas no HDFS frente a aplicações com uso intensivo de E/S, dados e CPU
Authors: Fazul Rhauani Weber Aita , Barcelos Patrícia Pitthan
Published: January 2022

A replicação de dados é essencial para o sistema de arquivos distribuído do Apache Hadoop (HDFS). Para garantir alta confiabilidade, disponibilidade e desempenho, as réplicas precisam estar armazenadas de forma otimizada pelos nodos do cluster. Entretanto, quando os nodos armazenam quantidades desproporcionais de dados, o funcionamento do sistema é afetado. Visando mitigar os problemas inerentes do desbalanceamento de réplicas, o HDFS Balancer é a solução oficial disponibilizada para a redistribuição dos dados já armazenados no cluster. Neste trabalho, nós avaliamos a efetividade do HDFS Balancer e como o sistema de arquivos explora a localidade dos dados em diferentes situações. Para uma análise aprofundada, aplicações com comportamentos distintos foram consideradas. Os resultados demonstram que o balanceamento de réplicas possibilita otimizações de desempenho significativas no HDFS.
Reprodutibilidade e Extensibilidade de Datasets de Rede: um estudo da replicação de traces de pacotes
Authors: Fiorino Luciano B. , Monteiro Maxwell E. , Dominicini Cristina K. , Vassoler Gilmar L. , Corrêa João H. , Villaça Rodolfo S.
Published: January 2022

Em geral, a aplicação de algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina em problemas de redes utilizam datasets gerados a partir de traces de pacotes. Entretanto, o processo de geração dos datasets atuais não segue critérios que permitam identificar as informações necessárias para a reprodução e extensão dos mesmos. Dessa forma, este trabalho realiza um estudo detalhado sobre formas e ferramentas para reprodução dos tráfegos de rede dos datasets. Diante dos problemas de reprodutibilidade identificados, propomos uma metodologia para geração de datasets de traces de pacotes, de forma a minimizar esses problemas, possibilitando a reprodução dos seus tráfegos de rede e estendê-los com novos dados.
Deep-Learning-Based Visual Odometry Models for Mobile Robotics
Authors: Sousa Frederico Luiz Martins de , Meira Natália F. de C. , Oliveira Ricardo Augusto Rabelo , Silva Mateus Coelho
Published: January 2022

Odometry is a common problem in navigation systems where there is a need to estimate the position of the vehicle or carrier in the environment. To perform autonomous tasks, robotic or intelligent devices need to be aware of their position in the environment. There are many strategies to solve an odometry problem. This work explores a visual odometry solution with a deep neural network to infer the robotic vehicle's position in a known and mapped environment. The first robot, equipped with a LIDAR, IMU, and camera, maps the environment through a SLAM technique to perform this task. The data gathered by this first robot is used as ground truth to train the neural network, and later, other robots with only one camera can locate themselves in the environment. We also propose a validation and evaluation of the neural network.
Assistive Technology for Fall Detection Development of Integrated Wearable Sensor to Smart Home System
Authors: Torres Guilherme Gerzon , Valadão Yuri das Neves , Cruz Tiago Rodrigo , Müller Ivan
Published: January 2022

Fall detection is an assistive technology for elderly people that helps in emergency situations. This work presents the development of a wearable device to detect falls connected to a ultra low power wireless network. The device is connected to a smart home system to trigger alarms when events are detected. The fall detection is done by a threshold algorithm based on data fusion from inertial sensors. The wearable sensor is based on EnOcean protocol, which includes a wireless connection with a smart home system, according to the KNX standard, through the Home Assistant platform. The tests were performed in a prototype and the results include the evaluation of fall and nonfall movements in two different body characteristics. The results revealed sensitivity and specificity of up to 96% and 100%, respectively.
Starke als Fürsprecher von Schwachen ?
Authors: von Winter Thomas
Published: January 2022

Der Beitrag knüpft an die im Kontext von Analysen zur Interessenvermittlung in der Gesundheitspolitik immer wieder aufkommende Frage an, inwieweit es sich bei den Patienteninteressen um schwache Interessen handelt und welche Rolle diese Interessen in einer hochkomplexen Politikarena spielen, die durch eine Vielzahl von ressourcenstarken Akteuren geprägt ist. Die These lautet, dass die Mehrzahl der Verbände der Leistungserbringer und Finanzierungsträger im Gesundheitswesen die Interessen der Patienten in mehr oder minder starkem Maße mitvertreten. Die empirische Überprüfung dieser Thesen erfolgt durch eine Auswertung der insgesamt 38 schriftlichen Stellungnahmen von gesundheitspolitischen Interessengruppen zu der öffentlichen Anhörung im Bundestag zu dem im März 2015 verabschiedeten Versorgungsstärkungsgesetz. In einem ersten Schritt werden die Stellungnahmen daraufhin untersucht, wie sich die Verbände zu den 15 (von insgesamt 155) Einzelregelungen positionieren, die unmittelbar die Rechte der und die Leistungen für Patienten erweitern. Im zweiten Schritt wird ermittelt, mit welchen Argumenten die Verbände ihre Positionen zu den patientenbezogenen Regelungen begründen.
Noch immer starke Interessen ?
Authors: Blank Florian , Schulze Michaela
Published: January 2022

Gewerkschaften und Arbeitgeber(verbände) galten in der Forschung lange Zeit als starke Interessen, die ihre Positionen und Forderungen erfolgreich in den politischen Prozess einbringen konnten. Unter dem Eindruck der Reformen der rot-grünen Regierung (1998–2005) wurde allerdings eine Schwächung des korporatistischen Arrangements konstatiert, das eine privilegierte Rolle von Gewerkschaften und Arbeitgeberverbänden vorsah. Der Beitrag prüft, ob sich dieser Pfad der Schwächung starker Interessen fortgesetzt hat. Er analysiert dabei einerseits die Gesetzgebung zur Selbstverwaltung in der Phase seit 2005, andererseits die Einladungen an die Gewerkschafts- und Arbeitgeber-Spitzenverbände zu Anhörungen im Ausschuss für Arbeit und Soziales in der 15. bis zur 19. Wahlperiode. Im Ergebnis muss eine weitere Schwächung der Selbstverwaltung festgehalten werden, die Einbindung der Spitzenverbände in den Gesetzgebungsprozess ist dagegen stabil geblieben.
Arbeitsmarktaktivierung im Interesse geflüchteter Frauen ?
Authors: Menke Katrin
Published: January 2022

Die Interessen geflüchteter Frauen gelten gemeinhin als schwach im Sozialstaat. Selten werden sie als eigenständige Akteure betrachtet, Lebensumstände wie ein befristeter Aufenthaltsstatus, Sorgeverpflichtungen und fehlende Erwerbsteilhabe erschweren die Organisation und Durchsetzung von Interessen. Über ihre frauen- und migrationsspezifischen Bedürfnisse ist zudem wenig bekannt. Der Beitrag präsentiert qualitative Forschung zur Arbeitsmarktteilhabe geflüchteter Frauen, die an den Erfahrungen der Frauen ansetzt. Er liefert einen Überblick über ihr Interesse an Arbeitsmarktteilhabe in Deutschland sowie ihrer Adressierung in den Jobcentern. Dabei zeigt sich: Während den Frauen das Durchsetzen ihrer eigenen Interessen etwa an qualifizierter Beschäftigung selten gelingt, ist das Handeln der Beauftragten für Chancengleichheit am Arbeitsmarkt als Akteuren advokatorischer Interessenvertretung an einem scheinbaren Wissen über geflüchtete Frauen als „Andere“ orientiert. Behördliche Strukturen, die u. a. Mehrfachdiskriminierung aufgrund von Religion und Gender ausblenden, erschweren offenbar eine angemessene Adressierung heterogener Zielgruppen in der Arbeitsverwaltung.
Le mécanisme de règlement des différends de la ZLECAf: un choix adéquat pour l’intégration économique en Afrique?
Authors: Ayikaba Jules Masuku
Published: January 2022

In order to ensure the peaceful resolution of disputes arising from the implementation of its norms, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) has adopted a dispute settlement mechanism that is almost identical to that of the World Trade Organization (WTO), although the two organizations have distinctly different objectives. While the ultimate objective of the AfCFTA is the progressive achievement of economic integration in Africa, the WTO aims to remove as many barriers to international trade relations as possible. This study attempts to demonstrate that the WTO model of dispute settlement adopted by the AfCFTA would not be appropriate to propel African economic integration, especially since not only is it characterized by a great deal of flexibility that allows member states to seek politically negotiated solutions, but above all, it does not take into account, either directly or indirectly, the individual, who is supposed to be the ultimate beneficiary of any process of economic integration of the African continent. Consequently, the present contribution advocates, on the one hand, the attribution of the competence to settle disputes related to AfCFTA’s Law to the future African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples’ Rights (ACJHPR) and, on the other hand, the incorporation of the preliminary referral into the AfCFTA’s Law that could be exercised by the national judge.
Christentum und Aufklärung
Authors: Flasch Kurt
Published: January 2022

Voltaire kept reading Pascal's "Pensées" throughout his life. He thoroughly perused them and made detailed notes in three stages from about 1728 until 1777. He let Pascal have his say. He prints detailed quotations and counters them with his criticism. Voltaire conducts a serious philosophical discussion with the author of the “Pensées” whom he recognizes as a genius. He calls it a battle of the giants. This has resulted in a document of great importance. It illuminates the intellectual, religious, and political landscape of the time like a flash of lightning: Voltaire considered Pascal's Christianity as archaic, implausible, hostile towards life. There is no clearer or more polished text on the relationship between Enlightenment and Christianity. At the same time, it is also a stylistic delight; two of the most original and witty writers in France are engaged here. Flasch's book presents the texts in translation and determines their historical and factual significance. It describes for the first time from the sources the emergence of the problem situation from the late Augustine to Jansenius, Pascal and Voltaire.
Logik-Skript 1
Authors: Brendel Elke
Published: January 2022

Logic is the teaching of correct reasoning, describing its general laws as the basis of rational thinking. This book supplies the rudiments of the semantics and syntax of classical elementary logic while simultaneously reflecting its limitations. It explains formal concepts of truth and develops a calculus for logically valid reasoning. By means of numerous examples and many exercises, the readers learn to independently induce logical proof and to recognize logically valid arguments, to solve logically tricky puzzles and to avoid logical mistakes. The book is particularly appropriate as a textbook for a one-semester course in the introduction to logic. It is aimed at freshmen and at all those who are looking for a formally precise yet application-oriented approach to logic.
Effects of Verbal Encouragements on Selected Measures of Physical Fitness and Subjective Effort Perception in Young High School Students
Authors: Sahli Hajer , Ouerghi Nejmeddine , Jebabli Nidhal , Amara Sofiene , Sahli Faten , Zghibi Makram
Published: January 2022

: This study aimed to examine the effects of verbal encouragements (VE) on linear sprint speed, jump height, change of direction (CoD) speed, and subjective perception of effort among high school students. Twenty-three high school male students volunteered to participate in this study (age = 19.70 ± 1.06 years). Participants were evaluated during two separate sessions (first session with VE and second session without VE) in a randomized order. The teacher provided VE during each physical test. Jump height [squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), five jump test (FJT)], linear sprint speed (10-m and 30-m sprint), and CoD speed (30-m with CoD) were performed during the two sessions. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each session. Results indicated that VE induced moderate but sig-nificant improvement in 10-m (ES = 0.71, P = 0.023) and 30-m (ES = 0.76, P = 0.016) sprint speed. However, the 30-m sprint with CoD did not change across conditions (P > 0.05). For jump tests, significant moderate-to-large increases were observed under the VE compared with the non-VE condition (ES = 0.65 to 0.90; P = 0.005 to 0.037). Findings showed a large increase in effort perception following VE compared to the non-VE condition (ES = 1.54, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that VE has a positive impact on measures of physical fitness but increases effort perception.
HOMOGENOST I PROSTORNA STRUKTURA ZRELIH SASTOJINA HRASTA KITNJAKA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Dukić Vojislav , Stajić Branko , Petrović Danijela
Published: January 2022

U čistim zrelim sastojinama hrasta kitnjaka u kontinentalnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine istraživani su elementi prostorne strukture sastojina. Privremene ogledne površine postavljene su na pet lokaliteta, tačnije, u pet ekoloških jedinica. Sastojine se nalaze u VII dobnom razredu (120–140 godina). Za definisanje homogenosti sastojina izračunati su indeksi homogenosti. U istraživanim sastojinama, sa pogoršanjem stanišnih uslova smanjuje se homogenost. Utvrđeni indeksi diferenciranja prečnika stabala po ekološkim jedinicama su približno jednaki. Primjenom metoda za utvrđivanje prostornog rasporeda stabala konstatovana je značajna slučajnost razmještaja stabala u prostoru.
АPPLICABILITY OF MICROSATELLITE LOCI DESIGNED FOR COSMOPOLITAN SPECIES FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF ENDEMIC SPECIES: A CASE STUDY OF SILENE SENDTNERI BOISS.
Authors: Hanjalić Jasna , Ušanović Lejla , Lasić Lejla , Kalajdžić Abdurahim , Kalamujić Stroil Belma , Ahmić Adisa , Pojskić Naris
Published: January 2022

Silene sendtneri Boiss. (Caryophyllaceae) is the Dinaric endemic plant species with white, decorative and scented flowers. Previous studies on this endemic species were based on morphology and effects on seed germination after the treatment with salicylic acid. However, no molecular genetic studies have been conducted on this species so far. This paper presents preliminary results of the usefulness of microsatellite loci created for cosmopolitan species in assessing the genetic diversity of endemic plant species. A total of 100 specimens were collected from 18 localities in the mountain regions of Treskavica, Igman, Bjelašnica and Ozren in Bosnia and Herzegovina. No S. sendtneri individuals were found at the mountain Trebević. We tested cross-amplification success and a polymorphism level for the set of microsatellite markers (Sil01, Sil03, Sil16, Sil31, Sil35) designed for the cosmopolitan species Silene nutans. In 100 analyzed individuals of S. sendtneri, Sil31 and Sil35 did not amplify, Sil01 was monomorphic and the remaining two loci showed a high level of allelic diversity. Our findings suggest that caution should therefore be exercised in selecting microsatellite markers designed for cosmopolitan plant species in the analyses of endemic species of the same genus since different genetic factors affect the amplification success and polymorphism of the given loci. Attention should be given to the number of detected and effective alleles and their ratio, the success of locus amplification concerning the complete set of markers used, and the ratio of polymorphs to the total number of observed loci.
ASISTED LIVING INSTITUTIONS AS THE BASIS OF ORDER AND A FORM OF BEHAVIOUR CONTROL FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ERVING GOFFMAN’S SYSTEMS THEORY
Authors: Zbyrad Teresa Jadwiga
Published: January 2022

Assisted living institutions such as nursing homes were established to answer a vital social need. Such services are needed by the elderly, disabled, and chronically ill. The social demand for these institutions is growing due to a deficit of care functions in families, among other factors. Undoubtedly, assisted living institutions play a vital role by providing help and assistance to less-independent individuals, and for many, they are a chance for survival or a dignified life because they offer food and shelter. However, nursing homes as assisted living institutions are not limited to satisfying the needs of their residents. There is something surprising and worrying about their functioning. To use R.K. Merton's terminology, they operate according to latent functions that maintain social order and social control. To better understand the problem, it is worth looking at Erving Goffman' s popular theory of total institutions and Niklas Luhmann's social systems theory.
Gut microbe-targeted choline trimethylamine lyase inhibition improves obesity via rewiring of host circadian rhythms
Authors: Schugar Rebecca C , Gliniak Christy M , Osborn Lucas J , Massey William , Sangwan Naseer , Horak Anthony , Banerjee Rakhee , Orabi Danny , Helsley Robert N , Brown Amanda L , Burrows Amy , Finney Chelsea , Fung Kevin K , Allen Frederick M , Ferguson Daniel , Gromovsky Anthony D , Neumann Chase , Cook Kendall , McMillan Amy , Buffa Jennifer A , Anderson James T , Mehrabian Margarete , Goudarzi Maryam , Willard Belinda , Mak Tytus D , Armstrong Andrew R , Swanson Garth , Keshavarzian Ali , Garcia-Garcia Jose Carlos , Wang Zeneng , Lusis Aldons J , Hazen Stanley L , Brown Jonathan Mark
Published: January 2022

Obesity has repeatedly been linked to reorganization of the gut microbiome, yet to this point obesity therapeutics have been targeted exclusively toward the human host. Here, we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (Lepob/ob). Small molecule inhibition of the gut microbial enzyme choline TMA-lyase (CutC) does not reduce food intake but is instead associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, improvement in glucose tolerance, and enhanced energy expenditure. We also show that gut microbial CutC inhibition is associated with reorganization of host circadian control of both phosphatidylcholine and energy metabolism. This study underscores the relationship between microbe and host metabolism and provides evidence that gut microbe-derived trimethylamine (TMA) is a key regulator of the host circadian clock. This work also demonstrates that gut microbe-targeted enzyme inhibitors have potential as anti-obesity therapeutics.
Environmental selection overturns the decay relationship of soil prokaryotic community over geographic distance across grassland biotas
Authors: Zhang Biao , Xue Kai , Zhou Shutong , Wang Kui , Liu Wenjing , Xu Cong , Cui Lizhen , Li Linfeng , Ran Qinwei , Wang Zongsong , Hu Ronghai , Hao Yanbin , Cui Xiaoyong , Wang Yanfen
Published: January 2022

Though being fundamental to global diversity distribution, little is known about the geographic pattern of soil microorganisms across different biotas on a large scale. Here, we investigated soil prokaryotic communities from Chinese northern grasslands on a scale up to 4000 km in both alpine and temperate biotas. Prokaryotic similarities increased over geographic distance after tipping points of 1760–1920 km, generating a significant U-shape pattern. Such pattern was likely due to decreased disparities in environmental heterogeneity over geographic distance when across biotas, supported by three lines of evidences: (1) prokaryotic similarities still decreased with the environmental distance, (2) environmental selection dominated prokaryotic assembly, and (3) short-term environmental heterogeneity followed the U-shape pattern spatially, especially attributed to dissolved nutrients. In sum, these results demonstrate that environmental selection overwhelmed the geographic ‘distance’ effect when across biotas, overturning the previously well-accepted geographic pattern for microbes on a large scale.
Comprehensive characterization of the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein finds additional vaccine-induced epitopes beyond those for mild infection
Authors: Garrett Meghan E , Galloway Jared G , Wolf Caitlin , Logue Jennifer K , Franko Nicholas , Chu Helen Y , Matsen Frederick A , Overbaugh Julie M
Published: January 2022

Background:

Control of the COVID-19 pandemic will rely on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited antibodies to protect against emerging and future variants; an understanding of the unique features of the humoral responses to infection and vaccination, including different vaccine platforms, is needed to achieve this goal.

Methods:

The epitopes and pathways of escape for Spike-specific antibodies in individuals with diverse infection and vaccination history were profiled using Phage-DMS. Principal component analysis was performed to identify regions of antibody binding along the Spike protein that differentiate the samples from one another. Within these epitope regions, we determined potential sites of escape by comparing antibody binding of peptides containing wild-type residues versus peptides containing a mutant residue.

Results:

Individuals with mild infection had antibodies that bound to epitopes in the S2 subunit within the fusion peptide and heptad-repeat regions, whereas vaccinated individuals had antibodies that additionally bound to epitopes in the N- and C-terminal domains of the S1 subunit, a pattern that was also observed in individuals with severe disease due to infection. Epitope binding appeared to change over time after vaccination, but other covariates such as mRNA vaccine dose, mRNA vaccine type, and age did not affect antibody binding to these epitopes. Vaccination induced a relatively uniform escape profile across individuals for some epitopes, whereas there was much more variation in escape pathways in mildly infected individuals. In the case of antibodies targeting the fusion peptide region, which was a common response to both infection and vaccination, the escape profile after infection was not altered by subsequent vaccination.

Conclusions:

The finding that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination resulted in binding to additional epitopes beyond what was seen after infection suggests that protection could vary depending on the route of exposure to Spike antigen. The relatively conserved escape pathways to vaccine-induced antibodies relative to infection-induced antibodies suggests that if escape variants emerge they may be readily selected for across vaccinated individuals. Given that the majority of people will be first exposed to Spike via vaccination and not infection, this work has implications for predicting the selection of immune escape variants at a population level.

Funding:

This work was supported by NIH grants AI138709 (PI JMO) and AI146028 (PI FAM). JMO received support as the Endowed Chair for Graduate Education (FHCRC). The research of FAM was supported in part by a Faculty Scholar grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Simons Foundation. Scientific Computing Infrastructure at Fred Hutch was funded by ORIP grant S10OD028685.
Distinguishing between recruitment and spread of silent chromatin structures in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Brothers Molly , Rine Jasper
Published: January 2022

The formation of heterochromatin at HML, HMR, and telomeres in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves two main steps: the recruitment of Sir proteins to silencers and their spread throughout the silenced domain. We developed a method to study these two processes at single basepair resolution. Using a fusion protein between the heterochromatin protein Sir3 and the nonsite-specific bacterial adenine methyltransferase M.EcoGII, we mapped sites of Sir3–chromatin interactions genome-wide using long-read Nanopore sequencing to detect adenines methylated by the fusion protein and by ChIP-seq to map the distribution of Sir3–M.EcoGII. A silencing-deficient mutant of Sir3 lacking its Bromo-Adjacent Homology (BAH) domain, sir3-bah∆, was still recruited to HML, HMR, and telomeres. However, in the absence of the BAH domain, it was unable to spread away from those recruitment sites. Overexpression of Sir3 did not lead to further spreading at HML, HMR, and most telomeres. A few exceptional telomeres, like 6R, exhibited a small amount of Sir3 spreading, suggesting that boundaries at telomeres responded variably to Sir3-M.EcoGII overexpression. Finally, by using a temperature-sensitive allele of SIR3 fused to M.ECOGII, we tracked the positions first methylated after induction and found that repression of genes at HML and HMR began before Sir3 occupied the entire locus.
Almost all known sauropod necks are incomplete and distorted
Authors: Taylor Michael P.
Published: January 2022

Sauropods are familiar dinosaurs, immediately recognisable by their great size and long necks. However, their necks are much less well known than is often assumed. Surprisingly few complete necks have been described in the literature, and even important specimens such as the CarnegieDiplodocusandApatosaurus, and the giant Berlin brachiosaur, in fact have imperfectly known necks. In older specimens, missing bone is often difficult to spot due to over-enthusiastic restoration. Worse still, even those vertebrae that are complete are often badly distorted—for example, in consecutive cervicals of the CarnegieDiplodocusCM 84, the aspect ratio of the posterior articular facet of the centrum varies so dramatically that C14 appears 35% broader proportionally than C13. And even in specimens where the cervicodorsal sequence is preserved, it is often difficult or impossible to confidently identify which vertebra is the first dorsal. Widespread incompleteness and distortion are both inevitable due to sauropod anatomy: large size made it almost impossible for whole individuals to be preserved because sediment cannot be deposited quickly enough to cover a giant carcass on land; and distortion of presacral vertebrae is common due to their lightweight hollow construction. This ubiquitous incompleteness and unpredictable distortion compromise attempts to mechanically analyze necks, for example to determine habitual neck posture and range of motion by modelling articulations between vertebrae.
El problema del tiempo en la ontología orientada a los objetos: Un encuentro entre Deleuze y Harman
Authors: León Eduardo
Published: January 2022

Este artículo pretende contribuir a una de las principales críticas a la ontología orientada a los objetos en su formulación actual por Graham Harman en su concepto de tiempo que, tras una inspección más cercana, hace que la teoría general sea inconsistente. Si bien este es el caso, la noción de tiempo de Harman puede modificarse de manera que deje intacto el marco de la ontología orientada a objetos. Si bien, esta teoría ya se puede encontrar en Lógica del Sentido (2011) de Gilles Deleuze. Gran parte de esta última teoría ya se presupone implícitamente en la ontología de Harman, y en este sentido, veremos que la modificación propuesta aborda con éxito las críticas más destacadas que se han expresado a la noción de tiempo de Harman.
José Tomás Alvarado. A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations. Shadow of Universals. 362 págs. Cham, 2020: Springer.
Authors: Carrasco Figueroa Felipe
Published: January 2022

Carrasco Figueroa, F. (2021). José Tomás Alvarado. A Metaphysics of Platonic Universals and their Instantiations. Shadow of Universals. 362 págs. Cham, 2020: Springer. Aporía · Revista Internacional De Investigaciones Filosóficas, (22), 104-107. https://doi.org/10.7764/aporia.22.44977
Sale price classification models for real estate appraisal
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, Izmir (Turkey), Kuru Merve , Yiğit Erdem Onur ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Izmir Metropolitan Municipality, Izmir (Turkey), Calis Gulben ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, Izmir (Turkey)
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the parameters that are effective on sale prices and to obtain the functions that determine the appropriate sale price ranges of real estates. In this context, a total of 138 real estates, which are located in Bayraklı district of Izmir, Turkey and that were for sale between April and June 2019, were investigated. The effects of 17 parameters on the sale price of the real estates were examined through statistical analysis. Thirteen parameters that have been determined to be effective have been used in developing the distinctive functions that decide the sale price ranges of real estates. The results show that parameters such as real estate’s area, age, furniture status, central heating system, playground, pool and gym are statistically significant on the sale price of the real estates. In addition, the functions obtained by using these parameters classified 78.3% of real estate sale prices in the correct range.
Effects of glass fiber reinforced polymer pipe waste powder usage on concrete properties
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Turkey), Saribiyik Ali , Gurbuz Guven ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya (Turkey)
Published: January 2022

In this study, the recycling of pipe waste powder in concrete has been experimentally investigated to reduce its harm to the environment and human health. Glass fiber reinforced polymer pipe waste powder (GFRP-WP) reveals during the production of additional coupling and bends of GFRP pipes produced for clean water and wastewater systems. GFRP-WP is composed of polyester resin, sand, and E-glass fiber. GFRP-WP was used as a partial replacement to fine aggregate in proportions of 0% 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% to the concrete mixture. The effect of GFRP-WP was examined on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete, such as compressive strength, workability, capillarity, and water absorption. According to the results, it was seen that GFRP-WP could be used as filler in concrete, and some positive and negative effects on concrete were also determined. GFRP-WP reduced the workability of concrete. Therefore, GFRP-WP impaired the properties of the concrete if certain mixing ratios were exceeded. It was determined that GFRP-WP could be used in concrete up to 15% by volume as a partial replacement for fine aggregate.
Optimization of mechanical properties of cellular lightweight concrete with alkali treated banana fiber
Authors:   School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang (Malaysia), Hassan Nensok Mohammed , Othuman Mydin Md Azree ,   School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang (Malaysia), Awang Hanizam ,   School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang (Malaysia)
Published: January 2022

Recent advancements in construction materials development have involved the utilization of plant-based natural fibers such as kenaf, sisal, coir and banana to replace conventional fibers such as carbon, steel, polypropylene and aramid. However, the main issue with using these fibers is the alkaline cement matrix's durability and compatibility due to high water absorption. Hence, this research focuses on the use of alkali treatment of banana fibers to enhance the mechanical properties of cellular lightweight concrete (CLC). Banana fibers were subjected to 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% NaOH treatment before being included in 1200 kg/m3 density CLC. Plain CLC and untreated fiber composites (0% NaOH treatment) were used as the control. Results from the study indicate that compared to the untreated fibre composites and plain control CLC at 28 days, compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths increased simultaneously with 6% NaOH fibre treatment to peaks of 40.6% and 59.8%, 63.8% and 117.4%, and 77.4% and 157.8% respectively. The 6% NaOH treatment of BF tremendously improved the mechanical characteristics of single fibers and BFRCLC composites. It is therefore concluded that 6% NaOH treatment of banana fibre was the optimum percentage alkali treatment for use in CLC.
The effect of strength parameters on the seismic performance of an arch dam using an uncertainty model
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil (Iran), Pasbani Khiavi Majid , Ahmadi Parya ,   Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil (Iran), Daneshfaraz Rasoul ,   Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, East Azarbaijan (Iran)
Published: January 2022

Considering the importance of the effect of concrete arch dam body strength on their seismic performance, this research evaluated the effect of Young Modulus of both the body concrete and foundation as strength parameters and examines the responses to achieve the optimal body stiffness using probabilistic and uncertainty method. The ANSYS software was used to complete the finite element analysis of the dam-reservoir-foundation system and the Monte Carlo method, which is a new method for parametric study and sensitivity analysis, was used for uncertainty analysis. For seismic analysis, the horizontal and vertical components of Northridge, San Fernando and El Centro earthquakes are separately applied in 3d directions. The earthquake components were scaled to the maximum credible level of ground motion acceleration. The foundation rock is simulated using a massless foundation model and dam-reservoir-foundation interaction is considered for seismic analysis of system. The results show the effect of the modulus of elasticity of the concrete which is directly related to the stiffness of the system. The results indicate the effect of the dam body concrete stiffness on the responses. According to the design criteria, it is possible to investigate the safety status of the dam and select the optimal state in terms of structural strength for the model. However, in order to properly select the modulus of elasticity of the concrete of the dam body, it is necessary to consider the simultaneous effect of the stiffness of the foundation and to select the optimal value.
Effects of Variations in Imaging Parameters on Image Quality of Non Contrast Computed Tomography Scans of Brain: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ukaji Nmesoma Francisca , Ohagwu Christopher Chukwuemeka , Ogolodom Michael Promise
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The radiation dose absorbed during Computed Tomography (CT) investigation of the head, which could be reduced by altering the scan parameters, is of great concern considering the radiosensitive organs around this region. Aim: To investigate the relationship between variations in scan parameters and image quality in brain CT scanning. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental cross-sectional study conducted at a private diagnostic clinic in Enugu State, Nigeria, from September 2018 to February 2019 with a total sample size of 150. All adult patients who reported at the centre for non contrast CT of brain during the study period {but not limited to participants with Anteroposterior Circumference Diameter (APCD) 170-180 cm of brain} were selected using consecutive sampling method. The samples was divided into three groups, a control group and two experimental groups. Scan parameters such as kilovolts (kV), milliamperes (mA) and Gantry Rotation Time (GRT) varied across the three groups studied and the corresponding image parameters such as image noise, Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) and Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) were obtained and statistically analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: There were statistically significant correlations of image parameters with scan parameters Group I (control): (CNR: r=0.857, p-value <0.001; Image noise: r=0.206, p-value=0.125, and SNR: r=0.875, p-value <0.001) (CNR: r=0.857, p-value <0.001; Image noise: r=0.211, p=0.115 and Image noise: r=-0.164, p-value=0.124 and SNR: r=0.880, p-value <0.001) for mA and kV, respectively. Group II (CNR: r=0.744, p-value <0.001, Image noise: r=0.521, p-value=0.024, and SNR: r=0.765, p-value <0.001), (CNR=r=0.761, p-value <0.001, Image noise: r=0.241, p-value=0.011 and SNR: r=0.780, p-value p=0.024) for mA and GRT, respectively. Group III (CNR: r=0.684, p-value=0.032; Image noise: r=0.646, p-value=0.032 and SNR: r=0.664, p-value=0.001) for mA. There was statistically significant relationship between scan parameters and radiation does parameters across all the sub groups at p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Altering the scan parameters (mA, kV and GRT) during CT brain investigation has tremendous effects on the image quality, particularly on the image noise and also on the radiation dose received by the patients.