bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethik der Inneren Führung
Authors: Dörfler-Dierken Angelika
Published: September 2014

Wolf Graf von Baudissin is well known for his reformatory concept of the armed forces called Innere Führung (leadership development and civic education). He emphasises the idea of building up a Western German army, a new start in a democratic environment. Baudissin’s ideas are born out of the experience of injustice and inhumanity shown by many German soldiers and the organisational structure of the Wehrmacht. After World War II German military leaders excused the absence of morals in their conduct with the necessity of obedience. Innere Führung means that the soldier is a human being, thus guided by his individual conscience and eternal law. Innere Führung has moreover a second meaning: It forms a military organisation which guarantees the individual soldier freedom, human and political rights, participation in military and political decisions, and responsibility for his acts. Therefore, Innere Führung is a concept to anchor democracy in military structures. Because of the actual problems of military missions abroad the founding ideas of Innere Führung are still of increasing importance.
Ein vier-Prinzipien-Ansatz für die Bioethik
Authors: Schröder Peter
Published: September 2014

The four-principles-approach of Tom Beauchamp and Jim Childress has been very influential in bioethics in the last decades. It has proven well although mid-level principles in general and this approach in particular are highly contested by ethicists who would prefer approaches rather based on rules, virtues or personal relations. The author of this study systematically discusses the origin, method and criticism of the Beauchamp and Childress approach. Finally he argues that the applicability of this approach for ethical challenges in the biomedical setting should stimulate a principled approach for ethical challenges of public health as well. Such an approach can utilize the method from Beauchamp and Childress. Principles for public health ethics, as presented in a concise set by the author, however, must be different in scope and content to meet the ethical challenges of public health
Altwerden in Europa
Authors: Mäule Thomas , Riedel Annette
Published: September 2014

The aging of society is one the greatest socio-political challenges of the 21st century. In the member states of the European Union one can expect a significant aging of the population. Already in 1982, in its International Plan of Action on Aging, the United Nations pointed to a shift in age structures. 1999 was celebrated as International Year of Older Persons, and 2002 saw the adoption of the Second International Plan of Action on Aging. In the same year, a Regional Implementation Strategy was also adopted and became the cornerstone for the performance of the International Plan of Action on Aging in Europe. While national implementation programmes have sought to highlight the chances and potentials of social aging, the press has chosen to focus upon an approaching generational war, a battle for distribution that the demographic shift will produce. However, research in the social sciences has shown that it is wrong to reduce the relationship between the generations to the level of demographic processes. A great deal of data points to increased solidarity between the generations in everyday life. Future lines of conflict are less likely to run between old and young, but rather along the boundary between rich and poor. In order that solidarity between the generations remains - and continues to remain - a reality, the frameworks that support communality both within and outside the family need to be reinforced or newly established. In the reports both of the United Nations and the Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, we find the fundamental idea of ›cooperation between the generations‹. Many promising programmes have been established in various countries. The task for diaconal work in Europe is to communicate exemplary ideas and concepts.
Kirche im Zeitalter der Säkularisierung
Authors: Hölscher Lucian
Published: September 2014

The article discusses the beginning and the end of the »age of secularisation«: Differening from other definitions it argues for a late beginning after the Second World War and an early end by the mid-1980s. The age of secularisation is characterised by an open relationship of the churches to secular society - the exact character of which, however, was much disputed among reformers and conservatives within the churches. By the mid-1980s this openness began to be replaced by a more self concerned attitude of the churches, which today causes some problems for the interreligious dialogue
Die ›Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik‹ im mitteleuropäischen Protestantismus
Authors: Frey Christofer
Published: September 2014

An overall view of the 50 year’s issues of the ›Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik‹ (by an author who for more than 30 years was one of the editors) tries to get on the track of the main discussions by often prominent authors. In the fifties and sixties of the 20th century the periodical offered the rare case of intellectual and ethical alternatives to preceding theologies which were in an affinity to antidemocratic traditions. The tradition of the ›kingdom of God‹ was rehabilitated to overcome a theology of divine orders, but the interpretation oscillated. Perspectives of universalization and the sense of democracy and human rights were developed. A simple proposition of divine commandments was overcome by differentiated models of ethical judgment. Fundamental assumptions, however, were pluralistic. For more than twenty years the periodical was ahead of continental practical philosophy which was revived in the last quarter of the century
Wege und Kriterien ethischer Urteilsbildung im ökumenischen Dialog
Authors: Raiser Konrad
Published: September 2014

The paper reflects about ways and criteria of arriving at ethical judgements and decisions in ecumenical dialogue. After a brief historical retrospective the paper discusses more recent perspectives of an ››ecclesial ethics‹‹ as they have been put forward in an ecumenical study on ››ecclesiology and ethics ‹‹ and then further developed and confirmed in dialogues with the Roman-Catholic and the Orthodox churches under the auspices of the World Council of Churches
Der Anspruch des Wortes Gottes und das Recht zum eigenen Standpunkt
Authors: Schockenhoff Eberhard
Published: September 2014

It is an honourable job to consider the way of Protestant ethics and its position in moral conflicts of the present from the perspective of Catholic perception. The author persecutes this perspective in three steps. Firstly, he elaborates his personal fascination about Protestant ethics. In a second step, the irritations about Protestant ethics are shown. Not only are the necessary for the perspective from the Catholic to the Protestant side. The ambivalence of individualization processes as well as the ethical relevance of the faith in the Creation has to be taken into account. Before closing the essay with the third step, what the author hopes for the Protestant ethics, the theological significance of a relational ontology is explained
The Use of Ketamine, Xylazine and Midazolam Combination for Total Intravenous Anesthesia (Tiva) in Surgical Removal of Abdominal Testis at Stallion
Authors: Toholj Bojan D. , Kujača Velibor D. , Stevančević Milenko R. , Spasojević Jovan M. , Smolec Ozren B.
Published: September 2014

Equine veterinarians frequently anesthetize horses. In majority of cases performing short-term anesthesia (duration, 20 minutes). But there is substantial need for long term anesthesia. The aim of this work is to present our experience with a long term and short term total intravenous anesthesia in horses. In this paper we are presenting results of anesthesia monitoring of a horse undergoing surgical remove of an abdominal testis (complete abdominal cryptorchid). Sedation of the horsewas conducted with xylazine, 1.0 mg/kg, iv, and midazolam 0.06 mg/kg, iv. The total anesthesia was induced using a combination of ketamine 2.2mg/kg/iv, and midazolam 0.1 mg/kg/iv. After induction the horse was restrained and anesthesia was maintained with continuous intravenous drip of a combination of drugs mixed in infusion bottle with midazolam (0.002 mg/kg/min), ketamine (0.03 mg/kg/min), and xylazine (0.016 mg/kg/min). Additional ketamine (0.03 mg/kg) and midazolam 0.03 mg/kg/iv was administered if the horse moved its head or limbs during the procedure. The duration of anesthesia was 90 minutes. During this time cardiopulmonary parameters and reflexes were monitored continuously.The recovery of anesthesia was 30 minutes and horse stood on the first attempt 40 minutes. Midazolam, ketamine, and xylazine in combination produced TIVA in this horse and can be used for short term, middle term, and longer lasting surgical procedures in the field.
Análise de crédito utilizando mapas cognitivos como instrumento de apoio ao processo decisório em uma empresa de factoring
Authors: Decker Sergio Renato Ferreira , Gomes Mario Conill
Published: September 2014

O presente trabalho constitui-se em um estudo de caso realizado em uma empresa de factoring na cidade de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Com o intuito de apoiar os gestores da empresa, a pesquisa teve como principal objetivo desenvolver um instrumento de apoio à decisão para a concessão de crédito para novos clientes. Visando melhor compreender o problema apresentado, com toda sua complexidade, elaborou-se de forma construtiva com o decisor, o Mapa Cognitivo do processo de análise de crédito. Através do Mapa Cognitivo apresentado e validado, o decisor passa a contar com uma importante ferramenta para qualificar as suas decisões. A referida pesquisa terá sequência na medida em que se pretende desenvolver as demais etapas necessárias para construção de um modelo multicritério de apoio à decisão.
O jogo da catapulta para compreender o planejamento e análise de experimentos: proposta de uma abordagem lúdica de ensino
Authors: Torres Júnior Noel , Quinino Roberto da Costa
Published: September 2014

Este trabalho propõe o uso do Jogo da Catapulta para o ensino de técnicas de planejamento e análise de experimentos. Este jogo consiste numa simples Catapulta capaz de lançar pequenos objetos. A mesma pode sofrer diferentes ajustes, uma vez que até cinco variáveis de controle podem ser alteradas. A possibilidade de introduzir diferentes ajustes na catapulta permite a condução de diversos tipos de tratamentos e a aplicação de diversas técnicas de planejamento de experimentos. Nesta direção, um experimento fatorial 2k foi realizado e é apresentado. Além disto, o texto aborda o DOE (Design of Experiments) por meio da Regressão Linear Múltipla com o uso do Coeficiente de Determinação R2 como medida de avaliação da significância dos fatores e da interação entre eles. Apesar da simplicidade do dispositivo proposto, vários cuidados e atividades existentes na condução de experimentos industriais se fazem presentes neste jogo. Isto por sua vez, possibilita trabalhar de modo lúdico vários conceitos importantes desta técnica.
Proposição de algoritmo simulated annealing para programação em flow shops paralelos proporcionais com tempos de setup explícitos
Authors: Fuchigami Helio Yochihiro
Published: September 2014

Este trabalho aborda o problema de otimização da duração total da programação (makespan) em dois flow shops paralelos proporcionais com tempos de setup explícitos e independentes da sequência de tarefas. O problema de programação em flow shops paralelos é um caso específico do conhecido flow shop híbrido, caracterizado por sistemas produtivos multiestágio com mais de uma máquina operando em paralelo em cada estágio, e muito frequente em vários tipos de indústrias como química, eletrônica, automotiva, farmacêutica e alimentícia. Este trabalho objetivou propor seis algoritmos Simulated Annealing e seus respectivos esquemas de perturbação, além de um algoritmo para geração da sequência inicial, para solução do problema descrito. Este estudo pode ser classificado como “pesquisa aplicada” quanto à natureza, “pesquisa exploratória” quanto aos objetivos e “pesquisa experimental” quanto aos procedimentos, além da abordagem “quantitativa”. Os algoritmos propostos mostraram-se eficazes quanto a solução e eficientes computacionalmente. Os resultados da Análise de Variância (ANOVA) revelaram que não existe diferença significativa entre os esquemas de perturbação em termos do makespan. Sugere-se a utilização do esquema PS4, que faz o deslocamento de uma subsequência de tarefas, por ter fornecido a melhor porcentagem de sucesso. Verificou-se também que é significativa a diferença entre os resultados dos algoritmos para cada valor do fator de proporcionalidade dos tempos de processamento e de setup dos flow shops.
Gestão verde da cadeia de suprimentos: análise da produção acadêmica brasileira
Authors: Barbieri José Carlos , Sousa Filho José Milton de , Brandão Cristiane N. , Di Serio Luiz Carlos , Reyes Junior Edgar
Published: September 2014

Este artigo trata da temática ambiental sob a perspectiva da Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimentos. Com a incorporação de preocupações ambientais de modo sistemático na gestão da cadeia de suprimento, tem-se o que se denomina Gestão da Cadeia de Suprimento Ambiental ou Gestão Verde da Cadeia de Suprimentos (Green Supply Chain Management – GSCM), como é denominado com mais frequência. O assunto GSCM interessa não só aos acadêmicos, mas também ao público profissional, principalmente no que concerne às novas obrigações legais, pressões sociais e de stakeholders de diversos tipos, e questões relacionadas à competitividade das empresas e das suas cadeias de suprimento. No entanto, não se sabe ao certo como esse conhecimento vem sendo produzido no Brasil, daí a necessidade de realizar um mapeamento de quais áreas e subáreas da GSCM vêm sendo estudadas com maior frequência. Desta forma, o presente trabalho pode ser caracterizado como uma desk research e tem por objetivo analisar a produção acadêmica brasileira sobre o tema gestão verde da cadeia de suprimentos. Como delimitação do escopo da pesquisa, foram coletados artigos relacionados ao tema publicados de 2006 a 2010 em congressos brasileiros das áreas de Administração e Engenharia de Produção; foram eles: EnANPAD, SIMPOI e SIMPEP. Foram coletados e analisados 110 artigos, e observou-se como principais resultados que a área de Operações Verdes representa 81% dos artigos publicados e destes 45% enfocam Logística Reversa; do total, 70% dos artigos são empíricos, destes 77% utilizaram abordagem qualitativa e 57% do total são estudos de caso.
Kilka słów o klinikach prawa
Authors: Klauze Magdalena
Published: September 2014

Clinical teaching reflects the need to combine theory in the teaching of the law and practical skills. It creates the possibility of „being a lawyer” still at the stage of university education. Currently, legal clinics program was introduced at all Polish law schools – both public and private. The essence of legal clinics is to enable students to acquire the necessary skills in „safe” conditions under the guidance and supervision of the academic teachers. It should be remembered that the aspect of teaching is the primary purpose of the law clinics. This means that regardless of the social mission, the clinics give free legal assistance to poor people, it is as if only „side effect” of the educational process.
Tożsamość kulturowa w wykładni i stosowaniu prawa administracyjnego
Authors: Zirk-Sadowski Marek
Published: September 2014

The objective of the paper is a rough sketch of the process of development of cultural identity inside of the Polish administrative law. Interpretation of the public law in the country which finished process of transformation after the collapse of communist regime has a lot of difficult moments. Uncertain scopes of constitutional meanings and gaps in the set of legal principles are neutralized by the tendency among lawyers to identify with European legal culture and its values. The author of the text is deeply convinced that there is a need for legal version of the cultural identity based on European values. The paper comprises the concept of such identity in so called narrative version and descriptions of the development of the identity in the Polish judicial application of administrative law.
Przeszłość i przyszłość filozoficznoprawnej idei praw człowieka
Authors: Pietrzykowski Tomasz
Published: September 2014

The idea of human rights has interesting history and even more interesting, if dim, future. The paper examines the main conceptual problems involved in the human rights-talk, its origin (in particular Ockham’s thought), evolution and critique (including Bentham’s argument commonly known as “nonsense upon stilts”, Marx’s attempt to demistify superficiality of the formal guarantees of freedom as well as Burke’s warnings against purportedly universal and abstract truth of such artificial ideological inventions). The main concern for the future of the idea of human rights seem to relate, however, to gradual naturalisation of the image of human being and human life. Therefore, it is less and less clear why any rights may be reasonably founded on brute fact of membership in a given biological species. As a result, it becomes more and more doubtful why human rights are to conceived as inherently (conceptually) solely human privilege. Nowadays, this question emerges as the most important challenge for the idea of human rights in the XXI century.
„Zjednoczona w różnorodności” – wyzwanie dla europejskiej tożsamości prawnej na przykładzie różnorodności językowej
Authors: Doczekalska Agnieszka
Published: September 2014

The paper aims at investigating how the European Union, which bases European identity on the motto ‘united in diversity’ deals with the linguistic diversity of Europe. The paper focuses on how the EU developed its language system, especially: how languages, in which EU law is drafted, are chosen; how the concept of EU official and working languages is understood; what is the main challenge of EU legal drafting as far as languages are concerned.
Bursa Yıldırım ilçesinde kuduz riskli temas bildirimlerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Karadağ Mustafa , Çatak Binali , Baştürk Sevgi , Elmas Şirin
Published: September 2014

Amaç: Çalışmamızda, Bursa İli Yıldırım Toplum Sağlığı Merkezine 2011–2012 yıllarında bildirimi yapılan kuduz riskli temas formlarının (Form 014) değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Araştırmanın verileri, 2011-2012 yıllarına ait 648 Kuduz Riskli Temas Bildirim formlarından (Form 014) elde edilmiştir. Veriler SPSS 10,5 paket programında analiz edilmiş ve analizlerde tanımlayıcı ölçütlerden frekans ve yüzde kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Vakaların %71,3’ü erkek, %50,1’i 0-19, %29,3’ü 40 yaş ve üzeri grupta görülmüş, %39,8’i yaz mevsiminde bildirilmiş, %70,7’si köpekler tarafından ısırılmıştır. Isırılan vakaların%36,3’üne 3 doz, %25,6’sına 5 doz aşı yapılmıştır. Form 014 kayıtlarındada en fazla eksiklik %15,7 oranı ile hastalık durumu bilgilerinde, en az eksik kayıt ise %2,6 oranı ile gönderen kurumun bilgilerinde saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunu olan kuduz riskli temasın en sık nedeni sahipsiz köpeklerdir. Halka yönelik eğitim çalışmaları, sahipsiz hayvan kontrolüne yönelik çalışmalar, riskli temas vakalarının kayıtlarının düzenli tutulması, bildirimlerin doğru, eksiksiz yönetmeliklere uygun yapılması ve ilgili personelin eğitim eksikliklerinin giderilmesi kuduz riskli temasın azaltılması yönünde faydalı olabilir.
Bir aile planlaması polikliniğine başvuran kadınların rahim içi aracı terk etme nedenleri
Authors: Kutlu Ruhuşen , Kılıçaslan Ayşe Özlem
Published: September 2014

Amaç: Rahim içi araç (RİA) uygulaması aile planlamasında yaygın olarak kullanılan, güvenilir, ekonomik bir metottur. Bu çalışmada, bir aile planlaması polikliniğine başvuran kadınlarda RİA’yı terk etme nedenlerini ve etkileyen faktörleri araştırmayı amaçladık.Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma 01.12.2012- 31.12.2012 tarihleri arasında, Konya Faruk Sükan Çocuk Hastalıkları ve Doğumevi aile planlaması polikliniğine RİA çıkarılmak üzere başvuran 18 yaş ve üstü 190 kadında yapıldı. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen katılanların sosyodemografik özellikleri ve RİA’yı terk nedenlerini sorgulayan bir anket formu kullanıldı.Bulgular: Katılanların yaş ortalaması 33,52±8,78 yaş (20-58) idi. Kadınların %64,2’si ilköğretim, %23.2’si ortaokul-lise mezunu ve bunların %92,1’i ev hanımı idi. Kullanılan RİA tipi %97,8 sıklıkta en fazla bakırlı RİA idi. RİA kullanımı sırasında karşılaşılan şikayetler sorgulandığında %52,6’sı RİA öncesine göre menstrüel kanama miktarının arttığını, %51,6’sı kanama süresinin uzadığını, %40,0’ı menstrüel siklusunun ağrılı olduğunu, %51,6’sı kötü kokulu akıntının, %35,8’i cinsel ilişki sırasında ağrısının olduğunu bildirdi. RİA kullanmayı terk etme nedenleri incelendiğinde; sıklık sırasıyla %34,2’si çocuk istedikleri için, %17,9’u menstrüel kanamanın uzaması, %14,2’si uterin enfeksiyon, %10,5’i RİA’nın spontan atılması nedeni ile RİA’yı terk ettiklerini bildirmişlerdi. Yaş, çocuk sayısı ve evlilik süresi arttıkça RİA’yı terk etme sıklığı da artmakta idi. Bu fark istatistiksel olarak önemli idi (p=0,001). RİA kullanma süresi ile çıkarılma nedenleri arasındaki ilişki incelendiği RİA kullanma süresi özellikle çocuk isteyen kadınlarda daha kısa süreli iken, menopozdaki kadınlarda daha uzun süreli idi (p=0,001).Sonuç: RİA kullanımının bırakılmasında çocuk sahibi olma isteği birinci neden olarak yer alırken uzun ve ağrılı menstrüel kanama, uterin enfeksiyon, RİA+gebelik olması diğer nedenler arasında yer alıyordu.
Birinci basamakta çalışan hekimlerin dinlenme hakkı bağlamında aile hekimliğinde nöbet uygulaması
Authors: Şişli Zeynep
Published: September 2014

Bu çalışmanın amacı, aile hekimlerine nöbet yükümlülüğü getiren düzenlemelerin, çalışma süreleri ve dinlenme hakkı ile ilişkisi açısından irdelenmesidir. Yaşam hakkının en temel bileşeni olan sağlığın korunmasında, çalışanlar açısından dinlenme önemli bir ihtiyaçtır. Dinlenme, bağımlı çalışanların çalışma sürelerinin sınırlandırılması ile sağlanabilecek bir haktır. Dinlenme hakkı, çalışma süresinin sınırlandırılması mücadelesi sonucu uluslararası ve ulusal hukukta düzenlenmiştir. Aile hekimlerine getirilen nöbet yükümlülüğü, haftalık ve günlük en fazla çalışma sürelerine ilişkin düzenlemeler ışığında dinlenme hakkına etkisi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Avrupa Çalışma Süresi Yönergesi (2003/88/EC) hükümlerini yorumlayan Avrupa Adalet Divanı kararları, hekimlerin sağlık kuruluşunda bulundukları tüm nöbet süresinin haftalık çalışma süresinden sayılması gerektiği yolundadır. Uzun çalışma süreleri, karşılaştırmalı ülke örneklerinde araştırmalarla belirlendiği üzere, hekimlerin sağlıklarını olumsuz etkilemekte ve mesleki hata endişesine yol açmaktadır. Avrupa ülkelerinde sağlık hizmetlerinin, Çalışma Süresi Yönergesi ve Avrupa Adalet Divanı kararlarına uygun olarak, en fazla haftalık çalışma süresini aşmayacak şekilde düzenlenmesi yolunda eleştiri ve çabalar sürmektedir. Türkiye’de ise aile hekimlerinin haftalık çalışma süreleri en az 40 saat olarak belirlenmiş iken, ayrıca en fazla 30 saat nöbet yükümlülüğü düzenlenerek, haftalık çalışma süresinin en az 70 saat olmasının önü açılmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, teorik kaynakların taranması yöntemi ile yapılan bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de aile hekimleri için öngörülen nöbet uygulamasının, dinlenme haklarını ihlal edici nitelikte olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.
An implementation of smoothed particle hydrodynamic methods for fluids problems
Authors: Son Nguyen Hoai , Hung Nguyen Duy
Published: September 2014

In this article, we present a numerical method that is Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamic (SPH) method. In the SPH method for the Navier - Stokes equations the most widespread method to solve for pressure and mass conservation is the weakly compressible assumption (WCSPH). This article presents two important benchmark problems to validate the algorithm of SPH method. The two benchmark problems chosen are the Lid - driven cavity problem and Poiseuille flow problem at very low Reynolds numbers. The SPH results are also in good agreement with the analytical solution.
Linear and non-linear compression wave interaction with saturated porous layer
Authors: Gubaidulin Amir A. , Boldyreva Olga Yu. , Dudko Dina N.
Published: September 2014

Features of compression waves propagation in a gas-saturated porous medium have been investigated. The passage of wave from gas to porous medium and its reflection from rigid wall has been studied. The mathematical two-velocity model with two stress tensors has been used. Both non-linear and linear approaches have been employed. Features of acoustic wave transmission in a porous layer and following reflection from obstacle have been investigated. The results of the linear analysis allow us to determine the role of non-linear effects in wave propagation and reflection phenomena in saturated porous media and to interpret the results of acoustic wave interaction with porous layer obtained by experiment or finite-difference method.
Method of first integrals and interface, surface waves
Authors: Vinh Pham Chi , Thanh Hue Trinh Thi , Quang Dinh Van , Khanh Linh Nguyen Thi , Nam Nguyen Thi
Published: September 2014

The method of first integrals (MFI) based on the equation of motion for the displacement vector, or  based on the one for the traction vector was introduced  recently in order to find explicit secular equations of Rayleigh waves whose characteristic equations (i.e the equations determining the attenuation factor) are fully quartic or are of higher order (then the classical approach is not applicable). In this paper it is shown that, not only to Rayleigh waves,  the MFI can be applicable also to other waves by running it on the equations for mixed vectors. In particular: (i) By applying the MFI  to the equations for the displacement-traction vector we get the explicit dispersion equations of Stoneley waves in twinned crystals (ii)  Running the MFI on the equations for the traction-electric induction vector and the traction-electrical potential vector provides the explicit dispersion equations of SH-waves in piezoelastic materials. The obtained dispersion equations are identical with the ones previously derived using the method of polarization vector, but the procedure of driving them is more simple.
A new algorithm for kinematic program control of optical parts by grinding
Authors: Khang Nguyen Van , Hung Nguyen Trong
Published: September 2014

Based on the definition of the local coating coefficient, the average local coating coefficient and the speed coefficient in grinding of optical parts, and on theory of multibody kinematics, an algorithm for kinematic program control during the grinding process of optical parts has been developed at Hanoi University of Technology. Using this algorithm, the results of the improvement in the precision of processed surfaces of optical parts by grinding under kinematic program control have been obtained and will be presented in the present paper.
2D-model of contaminant water transmission processes and numerical simulation on a natural lake
Authors: Ha Tran Thu , Phong Nguyen Hong
Published: September 2014

Nowadays, the water pollution problems in the lakes are urgent matters. The simulation of contaminant water transmission process plays important role in reality to improve people's life qualities. In this paper the 2D-mathematical model simulating transmission processes of some contaminant substances in one lake of Hanoi is studied. The finite volume method is used in model. The actions between substances are considered and the simulation results are compared with the measurements.
On modelling and simulation of a manipulator under consideration of a jammed joint
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Quang
Published: September 2014

In this paper, the modelling of a jamming process of a joint during the operation of a manipulator is presented. Based on the kinematic property of a jamming process, a motion law of the jammed joint is chosen. By introducing a matrix corresponding to jammed joint, the equation of motion of the system is restructured without re-deriving. Some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the proposed algorithm.
About applying directly the alpha finite element method (\(\alpha\)FEM) for solid mechanics using triangular and tetrahedral elements
Authors: Trung Nguyen Thoi , Hung Nguyen Xuan
Published: September 2014

An alpha finite element method (\(\alpha\)FEM) has been recently proposed to compute nearly exact solution in strain energy for solid mechanics problems using three-node triangular (\(\alpha\)FEM-T3) and four-node tetrahedral (\(\alpha\)FEM-T4) elements. In the \(\alpha\)FEM, a scale factor \(\alpha \in [0, 1]\) is used to combine the standard fully compatible model of the FEM with a quasi-equilibrium model of the node-based smoothed FEM (NS-FEM). This novel combination of the FEM and NS-FEM makes the best use of the upper bound property of the NS-FEM and the lower bound property of the standard FEM. This paper concentrates on applying directly the \(\alpha\)FEM for solid mechanics to obtain the very accurate solutions with a suitable computational cost by using \(\alpha = 0.6\) for 2D problems and \(\alpha = 0.7\) for 3D problems.
Duality in the analysis of responses to nonlinear systems
Authors: Dong Anh Nguyen
Published: September 2014

The paper provides a new view on the averaging procedure and equivalent linearization in the study of nonlinear mechanics. It is shown that the duality of those techniques can be used to obtain better approximate solutions or to separate the original nonlinear systems subjected to periodic and random excitations into deterministic and stochastic ones.
Rayleigh's quotient for multiple cracked beam and application
Authors: Tien Khiem Nguyen , Thanh Hai Tran
Published: September 2014

Rayleigh's quotient for Euler-Bernoulli multiple cracked beam with different boundary conditions has been derived from the governed equation of free vibration. An appropriate choosing of approximate shape function in terms of mode shape of uncracked beam and specific functions satisfying conditions at cracks and boundaries leads to an explicit expression of natural frequencies through crack parameters that can simplify not only the analysis of natural frequencies of cracked beam but also the crack detection problem. Numerical analysis of natural frequencies of the cracked beam by using the obtained expression in comparison with the well-known methods such as the characteristic equation and finite element method shows their good agreement. The analytical expression of natural frequencies applied to the crack detection problem allows the result of detection to be improved.
Continuous element for vibration analysis of thick shells of revolution
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Manh , Thinh Tran Ich
Published: September 2014

This paper presents a new numerical method: Continous Element Method (CEM) for vibration analysis of thick shells of revolution taking into account the shear deflection effects. Natural frequencies and harmonic responses of cylindrical and conical shells subjected to different boundary conditions obtained with this kind of formulation are in close agreement with finite element solutions. The main advantage is the reduction of the size of the model thus allows the high precision in the results for a large frequency range.
Active control of a three-story building using hedge-algebras-based fuzzy controller
Authors: Le Bui Hai
Published: September 2014

In this paper, conventional and hedge-algebras-based fuzzy controllers, respectively denoted by FC and HAFC, are designed to suppress vibrations of a three-story building against earthquake. The structural system is simulated against the ground accelerations of the El Centro earthquake in USA on May 18th, 1940; the Northridge earthquake in USA on January 17th, 1994 and the Kobe earthquake in Japan on January 16th, 1995. The control effects of FC and HAFC are compared via the time history of the story displacements of the structure.
Nonlinear postbuckling of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded plates and shallow shells
Authors: Bich Dao Huy , Nam Vu Hoai , Phuong Nguyen Thi
Published: September 2014

The paper deals with the formulation of governing equations of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded plates and shallow shells based upon the classical shell theory and the smeared stiffeners technique taking into account geometrical nonlinearity in Von Karman-Donnell sense. Material properties are assumed to be temperature-independent and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of constituents. The shells are reinforced by eccentrically longitudinal and transversal stiffeners made of full metal or full ceramic depending on situation of stiffeners at metal-rich side or ceramic-rich side of the shell respectively. Obtained governing equations can be used in research on nonlinear postbuckling of mentioned above structures. By use of the Galerkin method an approximated analytical solution to the nonlinear stability problem of reinforced FGM plates and shallow shells is performed. The postbuckling load-deflection curves of the shells are investigated and analytical expressions of the upper and lower buckling loads are presented. A comparison of the effectiveness of stiffeners in enhancing the stability of FGM plates and shallow shells is given.
A formula of evaluating structural safety based on fuzzy set theory
Authors: Huynh Le Xuan , Duy Le Cong
Published: September 2014

This article presents an approach to assess safety levels of structures. A new formula for determining the fuzzy reliability of structures is proposed for the case where the set of loading effect and set of structural durability are general fuzzy sets. Illustration example concerning the bending strength evaluation of a simple-beam structure, is presented with the choice of triangular fuzzy sets for loading effect and structural durability.
Simulation of transient ultrasonic wave propagation in fluid-loaded heterogeneous cortical bone
Authors: Nguyen Vu Hieu , Naili Salah
Published: September 2014

This work deals with the ultrasonic wave propagation in the cortical layer of long bones which is known as being a functionally-graded anisotropic material coupled with fluids. The motivation arises from mechanical modeling of the ultrasound axial transmission technique in vivo for cortical long bone which is known as being a functionally-graded anisotropic material. The proposed method is based on a combined Laplace-Fourier transform which substitutes a problem defined by partial differential equations into a system of differential equations established in the frequency-wavenumber domain. In the spectral domain, as radiation conditions may be exactly introduced in the infinite fluid half-spaces, only the heterogeneous solid layer needs to be analyzed using finite element method. Several numerical tests are presented showing very good performance of the proposed approach.
On a class of non-linear differential equations with exact solution
Authors: Bich Dao Huy , Bich Nguyen Dang
Published: September 2014

The present paper deals with a class of non-linear ordinary second-order differential equations with exact solutions. A procedure for finding the general exact solution based on a known particular one is derived. For illustration solutions of some non-linear equations occurred in many problems of solid mechanics are considered.
Nonlinear analysis of buckling and postbuckling for axially compressed functionally graded cylindrical panels with the Poisson's ratio varying smoothly along the thickness
Authors: Dung Dao Van , Hoa Le Kha
Published: September 2014

In this paper an approximate analytical solution to analyze the nonlinear buckling and postbuckling behavior of imperfect functionally graded panels with the Poisson's ratio also varying smoothly along the thickness is investigated. Based on the classical shell theory and von Karman's assumption of kinematic nonlinearity and applying Galerkin procedure, the equations for finding critical loads and load-deflection curves of cylindrical panel subjected to axial compressive load with two types boundary conditions, are given. Especially, the stiffness coefficients are analyzed in explicit form. Numerical results show various effects of the inhomogeneous parameter, dimensional parameter, boundary conditions on nonlinear stability of panel. An accuracy of present theoretical results is verified by the previous well-known results.
A realization model to develop the autopilot system of ships by specializing MDA
Authors: Hien Ngo Van , Quang Vu Duy
Published: September 2014

This paper presents a method which is based on the Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) and functional blocks to realize effectively the autopilot systems of ships. It brings out an executable MDA process to cover completely the requirement analysis, design and deployment phases of these systems. This process also allows the determined design elements to be customizable and re-usable in the new applications of controlled ship steering systems. The paper indicates straightforwardly the ship dynamic model-to-be used, the Computation Independent Model (CIM) of a ship autopilot system, the Platform Independent Model (PIM) of this system by using the Real-Time Unified Modeling Language (UML), and its Platform Specific Model (PSM) implemented by the functional blocks. Furthermore, the important transformation rules are also brought out and applied to convert the identified PIM into PSM for implementing quickly this system with different industrial frameworks such as the IEC61499 in a programmable controller. Then, its deployment model completely is tested on a model ship with the predetermined program and control performance.
On the inverse kinematics of an underwater vehicle-manipulator system
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Quang
Published: September 2014

The inverse kinematics plays an important role in the trajectory planning and the control of underwater vehicle-manipulator system. The solutions of this problem have an important influence on the motion quality of end-effectors. This paper presents an improved method based on the Jacobian matrix and the error feedback. By using this method, the accuracy of the solution of inverse kinematics for the vehicle-manipulator system is improved. In addition, one of the advantages of a redundant system is exploited to avoid impact on joint limitations. Numerical simulations in software Matlab are carried out to verify the efficiencies of the proposed method.
Evaluation of interfacial toughness function in mixed mode loading
Authors: Truong Do Van , Thanh Vuong Van
Published: September 2014

Interfacial strength is one of important factors to affect working stability of structures and devices. In order to avoid interfacial cracking, an improved method based on the conventional one is proposed to establish the interfacial toughness function (or the set of the interfacial fracture criteria in mixed-mode loading). By preliminarily analyzing the Brazil nut specimen, the placements of applied load, where pure modes I and II occurred, were determined. Experiment was then conducted on the specimens at the pre-determined placements of applied load. The interfacial toughness function was finally established by an empirical function based on only the critical energy release rates at pure modes I and II. The results showed that the interfacial toughness function was close to that obtained by experimental data and other researches.
An explicit secular equation of Rayleigh waves propagating along an obliquely cut surface in a directional fiber-reinforced composite
Authors: Vinh Pham Chi , Khanh Linh Nguyen Thi
Published: September 2014

The propagation of Rayleigh waves along an obliquely cut surface in a directional fiber-reinforced composite was studied recently by Ohyoshi [Ohyoshi T. Compos Sci Technol  2000; 60; 2191-6]. The author derived the secular equation of the wave, however, it is still implicit. In this paper, a fully explicit secular equation of the wave is obtained by using the method of first integrals. From it we immediately arrive at the secular equation of the wave for the case when the cut surface is parallel to the fiber direction. This secular equation is much more simple than the ones obtained recently by Cerv [Cerv J. Int Rev Mech Eng (IREME) 2008; 2; 762-72] and Cerv et al. [Cerv J et al. Composite Structures 2010; 92; 568-77]. Based on the obtained secular equations some approximate formulas for the velocity of Rayleigh waves are established and it is shown that they are good approximations. The explicit secular equations and the approximate formulas for the velocity derived in this paper are useful  for analyzing the effect of the material properties and the  orientation of the  fiber direction on the Rayleigh wave velocity, especially they are  powerful tools for solving the inverse problem: determining the  material parameters from the measured values of the velocity.
Short Communication: A technique for investigating nonlinear vibrations
Authors: Anh Nguyen Dong
Published: September 2014

In this short communication the main ideas of the method of equivalent linearization and dual conception are further extended to suggest a new technique for solving nonlinear differential equations. This technique allows improving the accuracy when the nonlinearity is strong and getting nonlinear features of responses. For illustration the Duffing oscillator is considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Bending and vibration analysis of multi-folding laminate composite plate using finite element method
Authors: Thinh Tran Ich , Binh Bui Van , Tu Tran Minh
Published: September 2014

This paper deals with the bending and vibration analysis of multi-folding laminate composite plate using finite element method based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The algorithm and Matlab code using eight nodded rectangular isoparametric plate element with five degrees of freedom per node were built for numerical simulations. In the numerical results, the effect of folding angle on deflections, natural frequencies and transient displacement response for different boundary conditions of the plate were investigated.
Heterogeneous integration approach based on flip-chip bonding and misalignment self-correction elements for electronics-optics integration applications
Authors: Tung Bui Thanh , Suzuki Motohiro , Kato Fumiki , Nemoto Shunsuke , Aoyagi Masahiro
Published: September 2014

This paper presents a high precision bonding approach, capable of submicron alignment accuracy, based on the thermosonic flip-chip bonding technique and misalignment self-correction elements. The precision of the bonding technique is guaranteed by using of misalignment self-correction bump (convex) and hollow (concave) elements. Metal cone bump and conductive sloped hollow bonding pad elements are created using micro-machining techniques, on a chip specimen and substrate, respectively. The chip and substrate are bonded face-to-face using of an ultrasonic-enhanced flip-chip bonder. By introducing of misalignment self-correction elements, repeatable bonding accuracies of less than 500 nm were confirmed through experimental investigation. Bond properties, including electrical and mechanical properties, are also characterized to confirm the success of the bonding approach. With the obtained results, the proposed bonding approach is capable of being use in electronics-optics heterogeneous integration applications.
The performance improvement of a lowcost INS/GPS integration system using the street return algorithm
Authors: Thang Nguyen Van , Thang Pham Manh , Tan Tran Duc
Published: September 2014

During the last decades, MEMS technology has undergone rapidly development, leading to the successful fabrication of miniaturized mechanical structures integrated with microelectronic components. Accelerometers and gyroscopes are in great demand for specific applications ranging from guidance and stabilization of spacecraft to research on vibrations of Parkinson patient’s fingers. The demand of navigation and guidance has been urgent for many years. In fact, INS is used daily in flight dynamics control. Nowadays, with the strong growth of Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, the Inertial Navigation Systems are applied widely. However, there are existing errors in the accelerometer and gyroscope signals that cause unacceptable drifts. Even when the Inertial Navigation System (INS) was supported by the Global Positioning System (GPS), the position error is still large, especially in the case of GPS signal lost. In this paper, we will present a simple algorithm called Street Return Algorithm(SRA) to reduce this kind of error. Experimental result showed that this algorithm could be applied in the real-time operation.
Numerical analysis of free vibration of cross-ply thick laminated composite cylindrical shells by continuous element method
Authors: Hien Ta Thi , Thinh Tran Ich , Cuong Nguyen Manh
Published: September 2014

This paper presents the vibration analysis of thick laminated composite cylindrical shells by a new approach using the Continuous Element Method (CEM). Based on the analytical solutions for the differential equations of thick composite cylindrical shell taking into account shear deflection effects, the dynamic transfer matrix is built from which natural frequencies are easily calculated. A computer program is developed for performing numerical calculations and results from specific cases are presented. Numerical results of this work are compared with published analytical and Finite Element Method (FEM) results. Through different examples, advantages of CEM are confirmed: reduced size of model, higher precision, reduced time of computation and larger range of studied frequencies.
A co-rotational beam element for geometrically nonlinear analysis of plane frames
Authors: Kien Nguyen Dinh , Huong Trinh Thanh , Ha Le Thi
Published: September 2014

A co-rotational beam element for geometrically nonlinear analysis of plane frames is presented. On the base of the shallow arch expression for local strain, the element is formulated by using exact polynomials to interpolate the transversal displacement and rotation. Using the formulated element, the critical load and equilibrium path are computed with the aid of the bracketing procedure and the arc-length control method, respectively. Numerical examples show that the proposed element is capable to give accurate results with a smaller number of elements comparing to the elements previously used in the examples. The effect of the nonlinear term used in the local strain expression on the numerical results is also investigated and highlighted.
Postbuckling of functionally graded cylindrical shells based on improved Donnell equations
Authors: Bich Dao Huy , Nguyen Nguyen Xuan , Tung Hoang Van
Published: September 2014

This paper presents an analytical approach to investigate the buckling and postbuckling of functionally graded cylindrical shells subjected to axial and transversemechanical loads incorporating the effects of temperature. Material properties are assumed to be temperature independent, and graded in the thickness direction accordingto a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of constituents. Equilibrium equations for perfect cylindrical shells are derived by using improved Donnell shell theory taking into account geometrical nonlinearity. One-term approximate solution is assumed to satisfy simply supported boundary conditions and closed-form expressions of buckling loads and load-deflection curves are determined by Galerkin method. Analysis shows the effects of material and the geometric parameters, buckling mode, pre-existent axial compressive and thermal loads on the nonlinear response of the shells.