bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bolivian “Music of the Wind” in guitar works: aspects of artistic implementation
Authors: Filatova Tetiana
Published: April 2023

The relevance of the article is to consider Bolivian guitar music as an important component of the modern South American repertoire. On the example of the works of famous composers and performers Alfredo Domínguez, Fernando Arduz, and Jilberto Rojas, connections with the folklore traditions of the country, the poetics of Bolivian "wind music", and its timbre specificity have been revealed.

Main objective of the study is to reveal aspects of the artistic embodiment of Bolivian «music of the wind» in academic guitar work. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the introduction of materials about Bolivian musical culture and guitar creativity into domestic musicological circulation.

The methodology includes methods of historical, comparative, phenomenological, structural and functional analysis to study: genre and style elements of Bolivian folk music of Indian and Creole origin in academic guitar work; organology of traditional instruments and timbre characteristics of sound; phenomena of imitation of the voices of nature, the timbres of Bolivian wind, percussion, and string-plucked instruments by modern guitar means of sound production; genealogy of rhythmic structures and their manifestations in the researched works; decorative and visual ritual attribution; correlation of associative-figurative series with timbre connotations, specific genres and intonation and chord patterns; anthropological connections of the sound space of «music of the wind» with the surrounding natural and landscape environment and the state of metaphysical dialogue of man with the surrounding world.

Results and conclusions. In the analyzed compositions («Feria», «Por la Quebrada» by A. Dominguez, «Despedida de Los Chunchos» by F. Arduz, «Guadalquivir» by J. Rojas) various resources of performing guitar technique used to imitate the voices of nature, authentic timbres of ancient Bolivian aerophones quena, erke, сaña, membranophones caja, local chordophones charango, relevant in modern conditions of collective ritual music-making practice. Sound and image connotations are correlated with the voices of Bolivian folk instruments, ritual decorations, plasticity of dance movements, visualization of natural landscapes and attribution of totemic cultures. In the process of defining genre components, the contrasts of juxtapositions were demonstrated: takirari, tonada and Andean huayño, ceremonial Indian ceremonies and sardana dance of Iberian origin, metric fluctuations of Creole and Indian rhythms, melodic movements of pentatonic nature with melismatic ornaments of the Andean type. Linguistic and genre characteristics of guitar works were investigated taking into account the anthropological experience of Bolivian scientists studying their musical and ceremonial culture, which in particular determined the search for the historical roots of musical phenomena among the exhibits of archaeological museums, exhibits of musical instruments, and artifacts of the life of indigenous peoples.
APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE UREIA, NÍQUEL E SACAROSE EM ESTÁDIO REPRODUTIVO DA SOJA
Authors: Dutra Kochenborger Ana Clara , Orioli Júnior Valdeci , Silva Gabriel Augusto , Martini Sargentim Mateus , Rodrigues Torres José Luiz
Published: April 2023

A aplicação foliar dos nutrientes N e Ni em estádio reprodutivo da soja pode trazer benefícios à cultura da soja. No entanto, ao se utilizar a ureia como fonte para essa prática é comum a ocorrência de fitotoxidez nas folhas. Essa fitotoxidez pode ser reduzida pela adição de Ni e sacarose à calda de pulverização. Assim, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a aplicação de uma solução com diferentes concentrações de ureia, com e sem a presença de Ni e sacarose. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 4x2x2, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro concentrações de ureia (0, 5, 10 e 15% m/v), na presença ou ausência de Ni (30 g ha-1 de Ni), com e sem adição de sacarose (1 mol L-1), aplicadas via folha no início da fase de enchimento de grãos. A aplicação foliar de ureia se mostrou viável somente com a adição de sacarose à calda de pulverização. A adição de sacarose na calda elimina a fitotoxidez nas plantas de soja causada pela aplicação de ureia. Não foram observados benefícios da aplicação isolada ou combinada de Ni e sacarose.
Palavras-chave: Glycine max L.; nutrição de plantas; adubação nitrogenada; micronutriente; urease.
 
Foliar fertilization of urea, nickel and sucrose in reproductive stage of soybean
 
ABSTRACT: The foliar application of N and Ni nutrients in the reproductive stage of soybean can bring benefits to the soybean crop. However, when using urea as a source for this practice, the occurrence of phytotoxicity in the leaves is common. This phytotoxicity can be reduced by adding Ni and sucrose to the spray solution. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the application of a solution with different urea concentrations, with and without the presence of Ni and sucrose. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 4x2x2 factorial scheme, with four replications. The treatments consisted of four urea concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15% w/v), in the presence or absence of Ni (30 g ha-1 of Ni), with and without the addition of sucrose (1 mol L- 1), applied to the leaves at the beginning of the grain filling phase. The foliar application of urea proved to be viable only with the addition of sucrose to the spray solution. The addition of sucrose in the spray solution eliminates phytotoxicity in soybean plants caused by urea. No benefits were observed from the isolated or combined application of Ni and sucrose.
Keywords: Glycine max L.; plants nutrition; nitrogen fertilization; micronutrient; urease.
Autorias rasuradas em "Afrique 50": para uma economia política das assinaturas
Authors: Ribeiro Marcelo R. S.
Published: April 2023

Considerando a política da autoria associada à história da luta anticolonial e às suas relações com o cinema francês, este artigo aborda o filme anticolonialista Afrique 50 (1950). Distinguindo entre o filme como produto e como processo, discuto o problema das autorias rasuradas no documentário associado à assinatura autoral de René Vautier.
Autorretratos do envelhecimento na obra documental de Agnès Varda
Authors: Levin Lopes da Silva Tatiana
Published: April 2023

Trato dos documentários autobiográficos de Agnès Varda realizados aos 70, 80 e 90 anos como uma trilogia do envelhecimento composta por Os catadores e eu, As praias de Agnès e Varda por Agnès. São formas ensaísticas amarradas pela voz over da realizadora e por meio de uma câmera que radiografa o corpo investigando texturas do envelhecimento. Varda traz ainda sua trajetória configurando testamentos artísticos elaborados em vida. Os ensaios fílmicos de Varda e o seu modo reflexivo de documentar inspiram o formato deste artigo.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITATIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INSTANT SECOND DINING DISHES
Authors: Reznichenko I. Yu. , Pavelieva E. G.
Published: April 2023

In the article, the authors studied four samples of instant mashed potatoes from different brands of domestic manufacturers. During the tests, generally accepted standard methods for assessing the quality and packaging of concentrates of food second lunches were used by the requirements of regulatory documents. The packaging was analysed by the provisions of SS (State Standard) 15113.1 and SS 33837-2016, TR CU (Technical regulation of the Customs Union) 005/2011. The quality indicators of mashed potatoes were determined following the requirements of SS 19327-84 (as amended in 2000). In addition, the authors determined the mass fraction of moisture according to SS 15113.4-77 and visually assessed the impurities’ presence. The readiness of the dishes to eat and reconstitutability was also evaluated according to the method indicated on the label. The authors additionally evaluated the mass fraction of additives (%) shown in the composition of puree (crackers, fried onions) since they are involved in forming taste sensations. They also presented the analysis results of packaging quality indicators and the identified differences. A discrepancy between the labelling of samples and the requirements for accessibility was revealed. The content of additives in sample No. 2 does not correspond to the information stated on the label. However, according to physical and chemical indicators, all samples conform to the standards. Based on the results of the tasting evaluation of the pieces, a ranked series was compiled in descending order of quality. The authors proposed introducing quality indicators for food concentrates of the second dinner courses, reflecting the content of individual components in the regulatory documents. These quality indicators will contribute to stricter control over it and the implementation of the declared information on the composition of products by manufacturers. Furthermore, the obtained results are characterised by a practical component for manufacturers of instant concentrates when promoting new product lines that meet customers’ requirements. Also, the results of this study are helpful for consumers when choosing a competitive product from various assortments that differ in price and quality.
Key trends of integrated innovation-driven scientific and technological development of mining regions
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Ukraine University of Petroșani, Romania., Malanchuk Zinovii , Lazar Maria ,   University of Petroșani, Romania, Chukharev Serhii ,   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Ukraine
Published: April 2023

We are happy to present the multi-authored monograph “Key trends of integrated innovation-driven scientific and technological development of mining regions”. The monograph presents findings of research into elaboration of conceptual foundations of the strategy of innovation-driven scientific and technological development of mining regions based on a system approach to using their integrated resource. Mining enterprises aim to increase the use of potential resources of deposits. In this regard, they need a strategy for mining specific types of mineral resources in various mining regions. The monograph considers findings of research into the integrated mining of mineral deposits: from geological assessment to extraction and processing of minerals. The state and prospects for using technical, environmental and energy resources of regions are analyzed as well. The monograph is intended for a wide range of scientists, specialists involved in analyzing development of mining complexes in regions, as well as master’s and doctoral students of relevant specialties of higher educational institutions.
Reorganization as a way to protect private and public interests during the introduction of restrictive measures in regard to Russian legal entities
Authors: Gabov Andrey V.
Published: April 2023

“Reorganization” in accordance with the current Russian legislation is understood as such a significant change in a legal entity that falls under the five named in Art. 57 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation forms (merger, accession, division, spin-off of a legal entity, transformation). The goals of reorganization in the normal (ordinary) conditions of the activity of a legal entity may be different (expanding the territory or areas of activity, optimizing the management structure, etc.). In the current conditions - the introduction of large-scale restrictive measures (sanctions) by foreign states and international organizations against Russian legal entities - the state also turned to the use of reorganization to form certain measures of influence (counteraction) on such restrictive measures, based on the fact that their introduction puts Russian legal entities in a disadvantageous position compared to competitors from unfriendly states, since it deprives them of the opportunity to access their property located (recorded) in foreign states. This problem was especially acute for Russian credit institutions, whose assets were “frozen” as a result of the introduction of restrictive measures. To overcome the negative consequences of this, a special decision was made - the possibility of reorganizing a credit institution in the form of a spin-off of a Russian legal entity from it, to which the assets of the credit institution, to which access is restricted, can be transferred (Federal Law No. 292-FZ of July 14, 2022 “On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation, invalidation of paragraph six of part one of Article 7 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On State Secrets”, suspension of the operation of certain provisions of legislative acts of the Russian Federation and on the establishment of specific features of the regulation of corporate relations in 2022 and 2023”). The content of this Law, its differences from the norms that regulate reorganization in ordinary conditions, became the subject of analysis for the author of this article. The author shows which legal decisions are insufficiently developed from a legal and technical point of view, and which decisions can (and should) “move” over time from the category of extraordinary to ordinary
Фактори соціокультурної трансформації міста Умань
Authors: Войцях Наталія
Published: April 2023

Мета статті — дослідити особливості соціокультурного підходу в дослідженні трансформацій урбаністичного середовища, провести аналіз факторів соціокультурної трансформації міста Умань для поглиблення ціннісно-смислової інтегрованості його культурного простору. Результати дослідження ґрунтуються на виявленні факторів соціокультурної трансформації міста Умань. Проаналізовано історичні та соціокультурні ресурси розвитку міського середовища, а також виокремлено біотично-культурну концепцію Р. Парка для визначення специфіки розширення урбаністичного простору завдяки активізації процесу паломництва брацлавських хасидів на території історико- культурної пам’яті в місті Умань. Наукова новизна роботи полягає в тому, що вперше за допомогою соціокультурного підходу, зокрема біотично-культурної концепції, визначено фактори трансформації урбаністичного середовища міста Умань. Висновки. Доведено, що до основних факторів соціокультурної трансформації міста Умань можемо зарахувати: 1) історико-культурний ресурс міста, який сформувався під впливом культури польської, української та єврейської спільнот; 2) поетапну трансформацію архітектурної стилістики в контексті історичної епохи; 3) підхід до практики консервування історико-культурного спадку в сучасному урбаністичному просторі; 4) конкуренцію між міськими спільнотами; 5) біотично-культурне розширення середовища міста процесом паломництва. На початку ХХІ ст. приклад міста Умань показує, що місто є продуктом біотично-культурної сили, яка трансформує свої кордони незалежно від тих меж, які нав’язані йому адміністративно- політичними установками. Врахування факторів соціокультурної трансформації міста дасть змогу різнобічно проаналізувати культурні ресурси міського середовища. Для розв’язання проблеми біотично-культурного характеру в період сезонного напливу прочан пропонуємо посилити якість та мобільність сервісно-туристичної інфраструктури міста.
Вплив імерсивних технологій на сприйняття мистецтва в контексті трансформації сучасного артринку: культурологічні аспекти дослідження
Authors: Русаков Сергій
Published: April 2023

Мета статті — дослідити вплив імерсивних технологій на сприйняття мистецтва в контексті трансформацій сучасного артринку. Результати дослідження. Твори мистецтва із застосуванням імерсивних технологій розглядаються як перспективний напрям для розвитку артринку з огляду на їх переваги (нівелювання дистанції між митцем та публікою, збереження ринку мистецтва під час світової пандемії) та обмеження (відсутність критеріїв для підтвердження оригінальності твору мистецтва та ін.). Розглянуто роль імерсивних технологій крізь призму створення, споживання, регулювання та поширення творів мистецтва; підтверджено їх інноваційні способи презентації у галереях, музеях, художніх ярмарках, бієнале. Аналіз останніх виставок у провідних музеях і галереях («Alienarium 5», «3х3х6», «ULTRAMARIN — An Immersive Exhibition», «Ukraine: Land of the Brave», «Імерсивний світ Тараса Шевченка» та ін.) та аукціонах (Sotheby’s, Christie’s) показав, що ефект занурення стає важливим чинником трансформації сприйняття мистецтва. Аукціонні доми та галереї почали включати захопливі твори мистецтва у свої заходи, щоб залучити міленіалів як нову групу колекціонерів і стимулювати нові продажі. Наукова новизна полягає в дослідженні впливу імерсивних технологій на сприйняття мистецтва та трансформацію артринку, зокрема на формування нової культурної моделі функціонування творів мистецтва, що обумовлено пандемією COVID-19. Висновки. Дослідження показало, що імерсивні технології, які надають художникам нові можливості, розширюють культурний досвід та оновлюють класичні твори мистецтва, впливають на сприйняття мистецтва. Визначено, що мистецькі виставки з ефектом занурення мають потенціал для трансформації сфери культури та мистецтва через залучення нових колекціонерів та формування нової екосистеми функціонування мистецтва, яка враховує економічні та символічні аспекти артринку.
Väärin uskottu? : ateismin uusi näkyvyys
Authors: Taira Teemu
Published: April 2023

Uskonnon julkinen näkyvyys on kasvanut. Samalla myös uskontokritiikistä ja ateismista on tullut näkyvämpää kuin koskaan ennen. Väärin uskottu? Ateismin uusi näkyvyys tarkastelee ateismia ja uskontoa koskevaa julkista keskustelua monipuolisesti ja kriittisesti. Teos osoittaa erilaisia laadullisia ja määrällisiä aineistoja tutkien, miten, miksi ja missä muodossa ateismista on tullut näkyvä keskustelunaihe niin Suomessa kuin kansainvälisesti. Se ehdottaa, että äänekkäimpien ateistien ja heidän vastustajiensa jäsennykset tarvitsevat rinnalleen keskustelua rikastuttavaa ja monipuolistavaa uskonto- ja kulttuuritieteellistä otetta uskonnosta ja ateismista. Teos myös kehittelee suomalaista ateismin ja uskonnottomuuden tutkimusta. Se sopii yliopistolliseksi kurssikirjaksi ja hakuteokseksi kaikille ateismista kiinnostuneille.
СТРАТЕГІЧНЕ ПЛАНУВАННЯ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ТУРИСТИЧНІЙ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: ТЮРІНА Ніла , КРАВЧИК Юрій , НАЗАРЧУК Тетяна
Published: April 2023

Сучасному воєнному стану України притаманний занепад туристичної індустрії у більшості регіонів, згортання соціальних програм в цьому напрямі, втрата позитивних тенденцій і динаміки розвитку родинних та підтримуючих галузей, низькі конкурентоспроможність туристичних послуг і темпи економічного розвитку взагалі. Метою дослідження є визначення особливостей стратегічного планування в туристичних організаціях в сучасних умовах та виявлення факторів впливу на його формування.

Обґрунтовано послідовність вибору загальної стратегії розвитку туристичної організації на основі стратегічного планування. Досліджено склад та характер основних факторів впливу на процес стратегічного планування в туристичній організації:

- стан підтримуючих галузей і туристичної індустрії, позиція на ній туристичної організації, яка досліджується;

- цілі туристичної організації;

- інтереси і ставлення до бізнесу вищого керівництва;

- кваліфікація персоналу;

- фінансове забезпечення суб’єкта господарювання;

- зобов'язання туристичної організації щодо попередніх стратегій.

- ступінь залежності від факторів прямого та опосередкованого впливу зовнішнього середовища.

- фактор часу.

За результатами проведеного аналізу зроблено висновок, що організація ефективного механізму стратегічного планування допоможе не лише сформувати реальні цілі, а й забезпечити їх системне досягнення.
МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ ПІДХІД ДО УПРАВЛІННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯМ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПРОДУКТУ
Authors: ЛУЩИК Марія , КАТКОВА Тетяна
Published: April 2023

Сучасні умови господарювання вимагають від ринкових суб’єктів, які функціонують в туристичній галузі, постійного моніторингу зовнішніх та внутрішніх чинників, що здійснюють безпосередній вплив на їх діяльність. Автори статті стверджують, що розвиток ринку, а разом із тим, розвиток споживачів, шляхом підвищення їх вимог до туристичного продукту, вимагає від підприємств підвищення ефективності їх діяльності шляхом застосування інноваційних, комплексних підходів до управління процесом формування туристичного продукту.

Здійснений авторами статті аналіз сучасних літературних джерел показав недостатність обґрунтованих  методичних інструментів до комплексного впровадження елементів маркетингу при управлінні процесом формування туристичного продукту маркетингового підходу. Таким чином, основне завдання дослідження полягає в тому, щоб надати суб’єктам господарювання, які здійснюють управління процесом формування туристичного продукту в умовах невизначеності, науково-обгрунтований, удосконалений аналітичний і комплексний інструмент для протистояння сучасним соціально-політичним та економічним викликам. В межах дослідження, авторами уточнено визначення управління процесом формування туристичного продукту при маркетинговому підході і пропонується його розуміти як планування комплексного обслуговування споживачів, організацію його просування на ринку туристичних продуктів за визначеною ціною, через оптимальні канали збуту та побудови ефективної комунікації із цільовими сегментами ринку.

В статті встановлено послідовність процесу формування туристичного продукту, що, за думкою авторів, охоплює визначення попиту та пропозиції на туристичному ринку; визначення функціональних особливостей продукту;  генерація та відбір  ідей;  формування стратегії і тактики вироблення  туристичного продукту; розроблення  маркетингової стратегії  реалізації продукту на туристичному ринку  ринкове тестування; оцінювання  економічної  і соціальної ефективності; корегувальні дії, модифікація продукту; впровадження продукту на туристичний ринок. Авторами виявлено основні чинники, що формують цінність для споживачів туристичного продукту, а також, наведено порівняльну характеристику ключових ролей менеджменту та маркетингу в процесі формування туристичного продукту. Особливу увагу авторами зосереджено на розробці комплексу маркетингу в сфері туризму, який відрізняється від існуючих підходів, тим, що охоплює як внутрішні елементи, так і зовнішні.
Effects of dietary supplementation with fermented papaya on oxidative stress, symptoms, and microbiome in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Bolner Andrea , Bertoldi Loris , Benvenuto Giuseppe , Sattin Eleonora , Bosello Ottavio , Nordera Giampietro
Published: April 2023

Background: Oxidative stress, understood as the alteration of the physiological equilibrium between the production of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals and their metabolic neutralization (redox imbalance), is a typical condition of several pathologies, including neurodegenerative ones.In Parkinson's disease (PD), oxidative phenomena typically interest the dopaminergic neurons of mesencephalic substantia nigra. Although it is unlikely that the redox imbalance represents the primary event of neurodegeneration, it is certain that it participates in cellular damage progression.Objectives: Interventions to prevent or reduce the extent of the oxidative stress in PD and the consequent oxidative damage are of crucial importance. With this study, we have evaluated the effects of prolonged treatment with fermented papaya preparation (FPP) on redox imbalance, clinical parameters, and intestinal microbiome of PD patients. Methods: For six months, one group of PD subjects were treated with FPP (n=19, verum) and another with placebo (n=20, control); then, in the following six months, the treatments were exchanged.Several blood biochemical and hematological parameters were measured at the start and at the end of treatments. Among them are some components of antioxidant barriers, free radicals (total peroxides) and biomarkers of oxidative damage on DNA and proteins. To check the effects of FPP treatment on intestinal bacterial flora, we also evaluated the modification of microbiome with regards to the relative amounts of different phyla, families, genera, and species. Furthermore, accurate evaluations were performed on motor symptoms and cognitive functions of patients with validated survey scales to check the effects of FPP treatment on clinical parameters and quality life. Results: Unlike the control group, the level of free radicals in the patients treated with FPP was not increased; the antioxidant barrier was strengthened and oxidative damages on proteins and especially on DNA were decreased. Even clinical features and quality life parameters of these patients have improved. Instead, the results of microbiome were inconclusive as changes resulted seemingly independent Ofelia the treatments.Conclusions: The study demonstrates that FPP may be a valuable aid in counteracting oxidative stress and improve the motor symptoms and cognitive functions in PD. This effect does not seem to depend on increased growth of a particular bacterial phylum because the microbioma composition does not change significantly following the treatment; it cannot be excluded, however, that FPP works otherwise by modifying not the quantity but rather the metabolism of some specific bacterial group or that it has effects on the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. Keywords: Papaya, oxidative stress, Parkinson’s disease, microbiome
Serological and molecular detection of parvovirus b19 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: Abdullah Iqbal M. , Abdullah Shatha F. , Al-Jadiry Mazin F.
Published: April 2023

Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is the only human pathogenic parvovirus, It is highly erythrotropic and preferentially replicates in erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs). Recently the effects of B19 infection have been well studied in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Objective: To detect parvovirus B19 among children with ALL.
Methods: A cross sectional study involved forty five patients with ALL (21 patients were newly diagnosed ALL and 24 children who underwent chemotherapy) who were attending department of oncology in Children's Welfare Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Medical City between December 2012 and April 2013, compared to forty five of apparently healthy children as a control group, age and sex were matched. A serological and molecular detection of parvovirus B19 were done using enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and Real-time PCR.
Results: B19-IgM, IgG and DNA were detected in study cases as (15.6%, 40% and 13.3%) compared to control group (4.4%, 13 % and 0%) respectively. B19-IgG and B19-IgM were detected in newly diagnosed cases in (41.7% and 19.05%) as well as in (38.1% and 12. 5%) of cases on chemotherapy respectively, all cases with B19-DNA  signals were underwent chemotherapy (25%) with mean viral load of (36x104 copies/ml).
Conclusion: children who suffering from ALL are at increased risk of B19 infection. Notable percentage of persistent B19 infection was recorded among children with ALL who are receiving ongoing treatment.
Serum Interleukine 35 in Iraqi female patients with newly diagnosed of rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: Al-Tai Anwar F.
Published: April 2023

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) characterized by local and systemic effects of inflammation has a wide range of biochemical markers implicated directly or indirectly to its pathogenesis.
Patients and method: Serum of (55 Females) of newly diagnosed RA and 23 healthy Females were used to estimate their interlukine levels.Objective: To evaluate interlukine 35 (IL-35) in Iraqi females with newly diagnosed RA and to assess its contribution in the disease process.
Results: Females of RA showed a significant increase in the levels of interleukine 35(IL-35) and in the levels of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs CRP). While there were no significant changes in the level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium (Ca). The correlation between IL-35 and each of hs CRP, ALP and Ca (-ve) were non-significant (r = -0.066, -0.04271 and -0.103) respectively.
Conclusion : This is the first study to show the elevation of serum levels of IL-35 in Iraqi female patients with newly diagnosed RA which indicates that IL- 35 may be a good biomarker for early RA.
Synthesis of porous nanoparticles and their use as a cytotoxic agent.
Authors: Essa Hayder J.
Published: April 2023

Background: In this study, a targeted drug delivery system has been developed based on nanoporous particles covered with cadmium sulfide and loaded with 5-flourouracil. The nanoparticles loaded drug exerts a cooperative antineoplastic activity.
Results: The development of nanoparticles loaded anticancer agent for possible application in targeted treatment of cancer where the drug release is triggered by externally applied UV irradiation. In addition, the treatment of cancer cells with drug loaded magnetic material leads to a decrease in viability of the cells due to the activity of cadmium nanoparticles. Upon exposure to low power UV light (365 nm) the loaded 5-flourouracil is released which induces additional decrease in viability of Cervical carcinoma cells HeLa.
Methods: Iron oxide nanoparticlers were synthesized and functionalized with cadmium and loaded with 5-flourouracil. Different techniques were used for characterization such as infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) measurements. A cell culture test was done in order to investigate the effect of drug loaded on nanoparticles.  
 Conclusions: In summary, an anticancer drug delivery system based on nanoporous material loaded 5-fluorouracil has been developed.  The cooperative anticancer effect of nanoparticles and loaded 5-flourouracil was observed.
Oxidative Stress and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Authors: Mahmood Halla G. , Ali Zeyan A. , Abdulhameed Raed A. , Hussein Ilham M.
Published: April 2023

Back ground:-Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by progressive, erosive  and chronic poly arthritis, where cellular proliferation of the synoviocytes and neo-angiogenesis leads to formation of pannus which destroys the articular cartilage and the bone .
Objective :-to evaluate theOxidative Stress index( OSI )by measuring malondialdehide( MDA) and Total Antioxidant Capacity( TAC) in serum of RA patients in addition to uric acid and albumin and to investigate the alteration in these parameters compared to healthy individuals.
Patients and Methods :- twenty five patients with rheumatoid arithritis  and twenty five apparently healthy subjects matched for age and weight have been included in this study,uricacid       and Serum malondialdehyde were measured  by enzymatic methods. serum total  antioxidant capacity was measured according to Miller et al method.             
Results  :-The data obtained showed that the  serum levels of Albumin, the total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in patients with RA than in healthy controls.While the  serum levels of MDA,uric acid were significantly higher in patients with RA than in healthy controls.
Conclusion:-  there is acontribution of antioxidant to the pathogenesis of RA.
Capacity and saturation of the food market in Ukraine
Authors: Salo Inna , Popova Oksana , Kotsiubynska Liudmyla
Published: April 2023

In a market economy, the optimal supply of food to the population depends entirely on the development of the food market. To establish indicators of rational consumption, it is important to determine the capacity and saturation of the food market. The purpose of this study was to highlight the current proportions of supply and demand in the Ukrainian food market, establish the correspondence of the capacity and saturation of the food market to rational consumption parameters. The study used dialectical method of cognition of market processes and a systematic approach, analytical generalizations, statistical comparison, constructive-calculation, tabular, and abstract-logical method. The food market is recognized as aggregative, as it includes several interconnected markets for crop production, livestock production, and industrial processing. The study investigated the specific features of the formation of demand for food with low purchasing power of the population. The market capacity was established – standard with minimum and rational consumption standards and real. The latter was almost 30% lower than the calculated one based on rational norms, which indicates additional opportunities to replenish the income of the agricultural sector. It was found that even with an increase in effective demand of the population, the improvement in consumption is levelled due to rising food prices. A prominent level of self-sufficiency of the country in food products (excluding fish and fish products) was established, and a considerable saturation of the market with essential products – potatoes, vegetables, eggs, butter, and bread. The study results should be used in the formation of a target program for the development of the food market for a long-term period aimed primarily at rational provision of food products to the population of Ukraine
Analysis of position response characteristics of magnetic driven oil-free scroll compressor
Authors: Shi Ce , Sun Feng , Xu Fangchao , Jin Junjie , Tong Ling , Zhou Qing , Oka Koichi
Published: April 2023

Traditional scroll compressors are difficult to achieve oil-free operation due to the presence of a high-friction anti-rotation mechanism. This paper proposes a magnetic drive oil-free scroll compressor to solve this problem. Firstly, the structure and principle of this scroll compressor are introduced. Then the finite element analysis of the electromagnetic system was conducted; the dynamics model of the magnetic scroll compressor operating in the uncompressed state was established. Finally, the PID control of the system is performed, and simulations and experiments are carried out. Experimental results: under the 0.05 mm step signal in the X direction, the position response time of the system is 0.1 s, and the angle response time of 0.001 rad is 0.2 s. The results show that the oil-free scroll compressor has good position control response characteristics.
Diagnostic Challenges of Neuromuscular Disorders after Whole Exome Sequencing
Authors: Chen Pin-Shiuan , Chao Chi-Chao , Tsai Li-Kai , Huang Hsin-Yi , Chien Yin-Hsiu , Huang Pei-Hsin , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Hsieh Sung-Tsang , Lee Ni-Chung , Hsueh Hsueh-Wen , Yang Chih-Chao
Published: April 2023

Background:

Whole-exome sequencing (WES) facilitates the diagnosis of hereditary neuromuscular disorders. To achieve an accurate diagnosis, physicians should interpret the genetic report carefully along with clinical information and examinations. We described our experience with (1) clinical validation in patients with variants found using WES and (2) a diagnostic approach for those with negative findings from WES.

Methods:

WES was performed on patients with the clinical impression of hereditary neuromuscular disorders. Information on clinical manifestations, neurological examination, electrodiagnostic studies, histopathology of muscle and nerve, and laboratory tests were collected.

Results:

Forty-one patients (Male/Female: 18/23, age of onset: 34.5±15.9) accepted WES and were categorized into four scenarios: (1) patients with a positive WES result, (2) patients with an inconclusive WES result but supporting clinical data, (3) negative findings from WES, but a final diagnosis after further work-up, and (4) undetermined etiology from WES and in further work-ups. The yield rate of the initial WES was 63.4% (26/41). Among these, seventeen patients had positive WES result, while the other nine patients had inconclusive WES result but supporting clinical data. Notably, in the fifteen patients with negative findings from WES, four patients (26.7%) achieved a diagnosis after further workup: tumor-induced osteomalacia, metabolic myopathy with pathogenic variants in mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite expansion disease, and vasculitis-related neuropathy. The etiologies remained undetermined in eleven patients (myopathy: 7, neuropathy: 4) after WES and further workup.

Conclusions:

It is essential to design genotype-guided molecular studies to correlate the identified variants with their clinical features. For patients who had negative findings from WES, acquired diseases, mitochondrial DNA disorders and microsatellite expansion diseases should be considered.
Youth and civic participation in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Agodio Christian Jules Boga
Published: April 2023

This article analyses civic participation in general and particularly that of young people in Côte d’Ivoire using data from the Governance, Peace and Security survey, conducted within the framework of the Integrated Regional Survey on Employment and the Informal Sector of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) in 2017 The findings confirm the low level of involvement of the population in general, and of young people in particular, in civic activities, both political and social. This can pose serious threats to the peace, democratisation and development process, as the involvement of citizens in political and social activities is the hallmark of a democratic society and ensures social cohesion and development. Institutional variables (presence of corruption, growing insecurity and mistrust) reduce civic participation, including in political and social life. Young people’s involvement in public activities increases in a controlled, less corrupt environment of public safety in which they have greater trust in the state. The living environment (urban and other rural), professional situation (unemployed, inactive) and standard of living of young people (middle class and wealthy) increase their involvement in public activities. Political and social participation influence one another and civic participation is more marked by political participation.
AI tools: A powerful new weapon to combat the misuse of statistics
Authors: Wilkinson Kate , Barrington Emily
Published: April 2023

False information – whether mistakenly or intentionally distributed – threatens societies around the world, with dire consequences. When official statistics are misused or misrepresented, trust in this public good and the institutions that produce them are undermined. Two groups, fact checkers and statistical regulators, share common goals in combating this problem. Bolstering their work is a new offering of AI tools which help monitor vast volumes of media, identify important statements in public debate and inform users when statements they know to be wrong are repeated again. This article will cover the problem posed by false information, the common goals of fact checkers and statistical regulators, the development of AI tools and their impact.
Effects of virtual reality training in the postural control of children with Down syndrome: A case series
Authors: Leiton-Muñoz Andrea , Cartes-Velásquez Ricardo , Gatica-Rojas Valeska
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:

Children with Down syndrome (DS) may struggle adjusting their posture during gait or standing and tend to adapt slower to demanding motor tasks and environmental changes. The functionality in their daily activities is frequently diminished or they are slower, with poor postural control and balance as possible reasons. There is limited research on exercise programmes to improve postural control in children with DS.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the effectivenes of an exercise programm with the Nintendo Wii Balance Board (NWBB) interface o postural control and functional balance of children with DS.

METHODS:

Participants were five children age 6–9 years belonging to the legal organization Espacio Down (in Talca, Chile), who underwen an exercise programm with the NWBB. The duration of the intervention wa 9 weeks, with two 25-minute sessions per week and a total intervention timeof 7.5 hours for each subject. Postural control pre-/postintervention was evaluated at a functional level with clinical tests: Timed Up and Go (TUG), One-Leg Standing (TOLS) and posturographic measures using centre of pressure (CoP) variables Descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test were applied, with [Formula: see text] 0.05 considered to be significant.

RESULTS:

Th NWBB programme showed a significant decrease in the CoP total velocity, mean velocity and displacements in themediolateral and anteroposterior directions ([Formula: see text] 0.021) for the closed-eyes condition and a decrease in the time of the TUG test ([Formula: see text] 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS:

This pilot study provides initial evidence for the effectiveness of the NWBB programme in children with DS. A 9-week NWBB programme improves the postural control and functional balanceof children with DS.
Effects of cooling glove on the human body’s recovery after exercise and improvement of exercise ability
Authors: Park Jieun , Kim Junghun
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: After high-intensity exercises, the body’s core temperature increases, affecting the body’s metabolism, increasing thermal stress and muscle fatigue. The most popular technique to maximize post-workout recovery is cryotherapy. However, the cooling effect may vary depending on the body part being cooled since body tissues do not process the same perfusion. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the effects of hand cooling on human body functional recovery and exercise ability improvement by comparing normal rest and rest with hand cooling gloves after high-intensity exercise. METHODS: Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study wherein they exercised and used normal rest for one session and hand cooling rest for the next. Blood lactate concentration, heart rate recovery rate, VO2 max measurement, and the degree of recovery of muscle strength, muscular endurance, and muscle fatigue were investigated in both groups to determine the efficacy of hand cooling gloves for postexercise recovery. RESULTS: When hands were cooled after exercise, blood lactate concentration and body temperature significantly decreased, and cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength, and muscular endurance significantly recovered. CONCLUSION: Using hand cooling gloves after exercise could attenuate core temperature elevation and improve postexercise recovery. It could also effectively improve athletic performance without using large-scale facilities.
Effect of slope change on kinematics of amateur golfers’ full swing
Authors: Li Bairan , Li Han , Tang Xuan , Hu Zhe , Wu Chaojie , Kim Youngsuk , Kim Sukwon
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Golf courses are designed with uneven terrain. These factors are especially important when facing (slope), players need to straighten the posture of each part of the body in order to complete the swing on an inclined surface such as flat ground. Amateur players may be more likely to change the movement patterns of their shots due to uneven terrain. Therefore, it may be necessary to clarify the shot characteristics of amateur players and provide reference materials for technical improvement. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of slope on amateur golfers’ swing kinematics by analyzing the variation of time variables, body center of gravity (COG), and shot parameters of amateur golfers’ swing at different ground slopes. METHODS: Six male amateur golfers participated in the experiment. The 7-iron was used for 5 swings each at three slopes: flat ground (FG, 0∘), ball below foot (BBF, +10∘), and foot below ball (FBB, -10∘). The OptiTrack-Motion capture system was used to collect kinematic data, and the three-dimensional motion data will be transmitted to Visual3D software for subsequent data analysis such as golf swing division and body COG changes. Shot parameters (carry, swing speed, ball speed, and smash factor) were recorded for each swing using the Caddie SC300 radar monitoring device. RESULTS: The results showed that there was no difference in the overall swing time and the time required for each interval at different slopes (p> 0.05) there is no significant difference in the change of the COG of the body in the forward and backward directions (p> 0.05). The three slopes of swing speed, ball speed, carry and smash factor were not significantly different (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: The rhythm of the amateur golfer’s swing was not affected by the slope, but the slope restricts the movement of the body’s COG, which may affect the weight movement, and ultimately cause the performance parameters to not reach the level of the FG.
Simulation study on assist-as-needed control of a rehabilitation robotic walker
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Gong Tao , Song Zhendong , Wang Zhifeng , Ji Jiancheng
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Along with China entering an aging society, the percentage of people that over 60 will reach 34.9% in 2050, resulted in a significant increase in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: This paper proposes a rehabilitation robotic walker for walking assistance during the daily life, and a control method for the motor relearning during the gait training. The walker consists of an omni-directional mobile platform (OMP) which ensures the walker can move on the ground, a body weight support system (BWS) which is capable of providing the desired unloading force, and a pelvic assist mechanism (PAM) to provide the user with four degrees of freedom and avoid the rigid impact. The study goal is to gain a better understanding of the assist-as-needed control strategy during the gait training. METHODS: For the man-machine interaction control, the assist-as-needed control strategy is adopted to guide the users’ motions and improve the interaction experience. To build the force field in the three-dimensional space, the dynamics of the system is derived to increase the accuracy of force control. RESULTS: The simulation results show that the force field around the motion trajectory was generated in the three-dimensional space. In order to understand the force field, we designed the simulation on sagittal plane and the controller can generate the appropriate force field. The preliminary experiment results were consistent with the simulation results. CONCLUSION: Based on the mathematical simulation and the preliminary test, the results demonstrate that the proposed system can provide the guide force around the target trajectory, the accuracy of force control still remains to be improved.
Acupuncture improves learning and memory ability of posttraumatic stress disorder model rats through epigenetic regulation of microglial phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway
Authors: Li Mi , Wang Xian , Yang Lijie , Jiang Yong , Xie Yiqiang , Li Kai
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Microglia express phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) has been implicated in the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) and in hippocampal synaptic plasticity. However, there are few studies on the interference of PI3K signal pathway in microglia. OBJECTIVE: The study goal is to gain a better understanding of the mechanism by which EA affects synapses provides insights into how electroacupuncture (EA) modulates synaptic plasticity in learning and memory. METHODS: Rat models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were used to explore the effects of EA on microglial PI3K pathway, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and LTP, and the target and mechanism underlying the effects of EA on PI3K from the perspective of protein ubiquitination. RESULTS: EA induced microglial BDNF expression by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway, thereby facilitating LTP and synaptic plasticity. EA inhibited lincRNA 02023 to rescue the binding of WWP2 to PTEN, thereby promoting PTEN ubiquitination and degradation. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of EA improving the learning and memory ability of PTSD rats may be that it can promote the competitive combination of WWP2 and PTEN by inhibiting Linc RNA02023, and then lead to microglial PI3K and its pathway activation, BDNF up-regulation, and finally induce LTP and repair damaged synaptic plasticity.