bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kualitas Dan Harga Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Di Pasar Tradisional
Authors: Ifah Erna Nur , Ramadhani Rachmat
Published: July 2024

Pasar tradisional memainkan peran penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, memberikan akses langsung antara penjual dan pembeli. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengaruh kualitas dan harga produk terhadap keputusan pembelian di Pasar Tradisional Bukit Indah, Kota Tangerang Selatan. Pasar tradisional seringkali bersaing dengan pasar modern yang menawarkan kenyamanan dan kemudahan akses. Oleh karena itu, memahami faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keputusan pembelian di pasar tradisional menjadi krusial untuk mengembangkan strategi yang dapat meningkatkan daya saing pasar tradisional. Dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari 100 responden melalui teknik sampling Slovin. Alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner yang terdiri dari pertanyaan tertutup. Analisis regresi linear berganda digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis terkait pengaruh variabel independen (kualitas dan harga produk) terhadap variabel dependen (keputusan pembelian). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik kualitas maupun harga produk memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Kualitas produk dinilai berdasarkan keefektifan, daya tahan, fitur, dan desain, sementara harga diukur sebagai pengorbanan konsumen untuk memperoleh produk. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelola pasar dan pedagang perlu fokus pada peningkatan kualitas produk serta penetapan harga yang kompetitif untuk menarik lebih banyak konsumen. Selain itu, penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pelatihan bagi pedagang tentang manajemen produk dan teknik pemasaran yang efektif. Penelitian ini menyarankan perlunya strategi yang lebih baik dalam pengelolaan pasar tradisional untuk meningkatkan daya saing dengan toko modern dan pusat perbelanjaan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk memperluas sampel dan mencakup variabel lain yang dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian, seperti faktor layanan dan promosi.
Integrasi Pemrosesan Bahasa Alami dalam Bot Telegram untuk Pengajaran Mata Kuliah Website Lebih Interaktif
Authors: Sulehu Marwa , Markani Markani
Published: July 2024

Permasalahan utama dalam pengajaran mata kuliah website adalah kurangnya interaksi dan keterlibatan mahasiswa, serta minimnya dukungan individual dari pengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mengintegrasikan Pemrosesan Bahasa Alami (NLP) dalam bot Telegram. Bot Telegram ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan interaktivitas dan personalisasi dalam proses pembelajaran dengan menjawab pertanyaan mahasiswa, memberikan umpan balik otomatis, dan menyediakan sumber daya tambahan yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan bot Telegram berbasis NLP dapat meningkatkan tingkat interaksi dan keterlibatan mahasiswa, serta memberikan pengalaman belajar yang lebih mendukung dan memotivasi. Dengan demikian, solusi ini memiliki potensi besar untuk diterapkan di berbagai mata kuliah lain untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran.
Penerapan Algoritma Rivest Shamir Aldeman (RSA) untuk Pengamanan Data Gambar Nasabah BMT Al-Hikmah Permata
Authors: Syifauddin Muhammad Rizal , Kusumodestoni R. Hadapiningradja , Sarwido Sarwido
Published: July 2024

Keamanan data nasabah merupakan aspek krusial dalam industri keuangan, termasuk di lembaga keuangan mikro seperti Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan algoritma Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA) guna mengamankan data gambar nasabah pada aplikasi mobile BMT Al-Hikmah Permata. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengembangan aplikasi berbasis Android dengan mengintegrasikan algoritma RSA untuk enkripsi dan dekripsi data gambar. Proses enkripsi dilakukan saat gambar diunggah ke server, sementara dekripsi dilakukan saat data diakses oleh pengguna yang berwenang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan algoritma RSA berhasil meningkatkan keamanan data gambar nasabah dengan tingkat keberhasilan enkripsi dan dekripsi mencapai 100%. Waktu proses enkripsi rata-rata adalah 2,5 detik untuk gambar berukuran 1 MB, sedangkan waktu dekripsi rata-rata adalah 1,8 detik. Implementasi ini terbukti efektif dalam melindungi privasi nasabah tanpa mengorbankan kinerja aplikasi secara signifikan. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada peningkatan keamanan data di sektor keuangan mikro dan dapat menjadi acuan bagi pengembangan sistem keamanan serupa di institusi keuangan lainnya.
Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pada Praktek Bidan Mandiri Wiwi Pujianti Menggunakan Software Akuntansi Accurate 5.0
Authors: Murniyati Murniyati , Septiani Wisti Dwi , Puspitorini Indah , Novita Diana
Published: July 2024

Dalam dunia bisnis, pencatatan keuangan yang akurat dan teratur sangat penting. Hal ini dikarenakan data keuangan yang tepat dan terpercaya dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna untuk pengambilan keputusan bisnis yang tepat. Maka, untuk memudahkan proses pencatatan keuangan tersebut, banyak bisnis yang menggunakan software akuntansi berupa Accurate 5.0. Perusahaan membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi akuntansi yang dapat menunjang aktivitas bisnisnya. Penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi sangat di perlukan dalam pengolahan transaksi keuangan perusahaan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang tepat dan cepat. Pengolahan data keuangan yang masih menggunakan pencatatan sederhana mulai dari mengumpulkan bukti transaksi, membuat jurnal sampai dengan laporan keuangan menyebabkan pengolahan transaksi keuangan mengalami banyak hambatan, yang menyebabkan proses pengambilan keputusan seringkali terlambat. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan antara lain metode wawancara, metode observasi, dan metode studi pustaka. Penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi menggunakan Software akuntansi Accurate 5.0 menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi masalah dalam menyusun laporan keuangan perusahaan. Dan menghasilkan informasi secara tepat, cepat, dan akurat.
Pengaruh Perputaran Piutang Dan Perputaran Persediaan Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Subsektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2020-2022
Authors: Simanullang Hotnida R , Sihombing Halomoan S , Samosir Hendrik ES
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of accounts receivable turnover and inventory turnover on profitability in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) for the 2020-2022 period. The population in this study is food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period. The sampling technique in this study was carried out by purposive sampling so that 23 companies were obtained. The type of data used in this study is secondary data and the data collection method used is the documentation method. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistical analysis of variables and classical assumption tests, which in calculating using application assistance in the SPSS version 26 program. From the results of hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that accounts receivable turnover has no effect on profitability in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period and inventory turnover also has no effect on profitability in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period or it can also be concluded that the first hypothesis and second hypothesis are rejected. This is shown through the results of the t-test which shows a significant relationship to variables with a significance level of 5%.
Treatment of fracture of the nose bonés proper by closed reduction: Case report
Authors: Custódio Gustavo Paiva , Freitas Gabriel Silva Rezende , Barros Sarah Germano Bouzada , Cavalcante Kamila Ferreira , Moreira Emanuele dos Santos , Lino Ana Julia Garcia Brod , Reginaldo Andrei Santos , Oliveira Gabriel Lucas Vaz Santos , Lima Guilherme Oliveira
Published: July 2024

The nasal bones are the most commonly fractured bones in the face due to their anatomical location and thin thickness, even with low-intensity traumas. Because of their high incidence, clinical and imaging diagnosis is important for proper case management, considering their complexity. Given their frequency, clinical criteria are established and must be carefully evaluated, along with different treatment approaches based on the complexity of each case. The article in question reports on closed reduction of a nasal fracture under general anesthesia. The patient, a victim of physical assault, presented with clinical signs including epistaxis, crepitus, nasal obstruction, and rhinoescoliosis. This article aims to describe the clinical case of nasal fracture from diagnosis to clinical management, comparing observed and performed actions with current literature. It was concluded that closed reduction technique for nasal fractures proves to be an effective and safe approach, with benefits including not only restoration of nasal aesthetic and functional aspects but also minimization of postoperative complications. The patient is currently under follow-up with the team, showing no signs of aesthetic or functional compromise.
Uso do cigarro eletrônico e os prováveis danos no sistema respiratório: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Agostini Helena Lino , Vecce Iasmim de Oliveira , Amaral Pedro Ivo Sodré , Barros Gersika Bitencourt Santos
Published: July 2024

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a literatura para verificar a existência de consequências causadas pelos cigarros eletrônicos, bem como seus possíveis efeitos no sistema respiratório. Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de literatura nas bases de dados Google acadêmico, Scielo, Pubmed e Lilacs, utilizando os termos “cigarros eletrônicos”, “saúde respiratória e vape”, “doenças respiratórias” (em português, inglês e espanhol). Observou-se associação direta entre o cigarro eletrônico e lesões no sistema respiratório, sendo as enfermidades mais características inflamação crônica, imunossupressão, pneumonia lipoide e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC), que engloba a bronquite e o enfisema pulmonar. Os estudos analisados apontam para a relação entre o dispositivo e lesões respiratórias devido à inflamação e promoção da apoptose de células pulmonares podendo desencadear doenças do sistema pulmonar, insuficiência respiratória, lesão neuromuscular e até morte. Com isso, conclui-se que o cigarro eletrônico não é seguro e pode ser extremamente prejudicial à saúde.
Pengenalan Alat Tangkap Bubu Lipat untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Nelayan di Perairan Atapupu Desa Kenebibi, Kabupaten Belu, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Ismail Masrurah , Muhammad Afrisal  , Ahmad Yani
Published: July 2024

Kepiting bakau merupakan komoditas perikanan yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi dan diminati oleh masyarakat. Namun, penangkapan kepiting bakau di wilayah Atapupu menghadapi kendala karena sebagian besar nelayan Atapupu masih melakukan penangkapan tanpa menggunakan alat bantu. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, dilakukan pengenalan alat tangkap bubu lipat kepada nelayan Atapupu. Pengetahuan tentang konstruksi dan metode pengoperasian alat tangkap ini masih rendah di kalangan nelayan. Pengenalan alat tangkap bubu lipat diharapkan dapat menambah pengetahuan, meningkatkan produktivitas hasil tangkapan nelayan, mendukung peningkatan pendapatan dan taraf hidup nelayan di Perairan Atapupu. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan selama satu minggu pada bulan Desember 2023 di Kakuluk Mesak. Selain itu, pengenalan teknologi alat tangkap yang ramah lingkungan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman nelayan terhadap penggunaan alat tangkap sesuai dengan target tangkapan. Respons positif dari kelompok nelayan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini dianggap memberikan dampak positif, terutama dalam menambah pengetahuan nelayan terhadap alat tangkap ramah lingkungan guna meningkatkan produktifitas hasil tangkapan dan mengurangi tingkat kecelakaan kerja dalam penangkapan kepiting.
MOTIVATION OF TEACHERS AND STUDENTS AS PART OF FORMATIVE EDUCATION
Authors: TAMÁŠOVÁ VIOLA , LOBOTKOVÁ ALŽBETA , MARKS IGOR
Published: July 2024

The authors of the study are based on the idea that the basic precondition for the success of the teacher’s pedagogical-didactic work is his/her motivation as well as the ability to encourage students’ intrinsic motivation and keep the students continuously interested throughout the educational process. For this reason, it is important that the teacher pays due attention to motivation and constantly improves his/her knowledge in this field. Motivation is a set of motives that evoke the activity of an organism and determine its focus. It is an internal driving force behind meeting unsatisfied needs. It is said that good motivation is a guarantee of success and in relation to education that “good motivation is half the success of a teacher’s work and student’s learning.“
Perencanaan dan Evaluasi Sistem Penyulang Ganda Sebagai Backup Power Supply PT. X
Authors: Muhammad Fahmi Hakim  , Ahmad Hermawan  , Habib Priyo Budianto  , Yudistiro Yanuarianto
Published: July 2024

In order to meet the needs of electrical energy, PT X. receives electricity supply from PLN as the main source while the generator with a total capacity of 2.228,5 KVA as a backup electricity supply. PT X plans to procure a double feeder as a backup power supply to replace the generator set in the hope of getting a more economical backup power supply. So, the purpose of this study are analyzing the planning and technical calculations for the construction of a premium feeder, analyzing the comparisono f the use of generator setting with double feeder from economic point of view, and analyzing the comparison of the efficiency of using generator setting with the use double feeder. The method used in this study was the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) method to determine the value of the rate of return on investment while the SAIDI – SAIFI data was used to determine the reability of the feeder. The result of this research is the double feeder using MVTIC type construction. For Rp/kWh, the use of premium service, namely B3/TM customers is Rp. 1.162,78 per kWh and B2/TM Rp. 1.574,7 per kWh, while Rp/kWh generator setting is Rp. 4.003 per kWh. Meanwhile the double feeder IRR values is 44% and the generator setting is 24%. So, it is more efficient to use PLN premium service.
Recent perspectives on the synergy of mesenchymal stem cells with micro/nano strategies in peripheral nerve regeneration-a review
Authors: Sharifi Majid , Kamalabadi-Farahani Mohammad , Salehi Majid , Ebrahimi-Brough Somayeh , Alizadeh Morteza
Published: July 2024

Despite the intrinsic repair of peripheral nerve injury (PNI), it is important to carefully monitor the process of peripheral nerve repair, as peripheral nerve regeneration is slow and incomplete in large traumatic lesions. Hence, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with protective and regenerative functions are utilized in synergy with innovative micro/nano technologies to enhance the regeneration process of peripheral nerves. Nonetheless, as MSCs are assessed using standard regenerative criteria including sensory–motor indices, structural features, and morphology, it is challenging to differentiate between the protective and regenerative impacts of MSCs on neural tissue. This study aims to analyze the process of nerve regeneration, particularly the performance of MSCs with and without synergistic approaches. It also focuses on the paracrine secretions of MSCs and their conversion into neurons with functional properties that influence nerve regeneration after PNI. Furthermore, the study explores new ideas for nerve regeneration after PNI by considering the synergistic effect of MSCs and therapeutic compounds, neuronal cell derivatives, biological or polymeric conduits, organic/inorganic nanoparticles, and electrical stimulation. Finally, the study highlights the main obstacles to developing synergy in nerve regeneration after PNI and aims to open new windows based on recent advances in neural tissue regeneration.
Exploring the impact of encapsulation on the stability and bioactivity of peptides extracted from botanical sources: trends and opportunities
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Viridiana , Jiménez-Martínez Cristian , González-Escobar Jorge Luis , Corzo-Ríos Luis Jorge
Published: July 2024

Bioactive peptides derived from plant sources have gained significant attention for their potential use in preventing and treating chronic degenerative diseases. However, the efficacy of these peptides depends on their bioaccessibility, bioavailability, and stability. Encapsulation is a promising strategy for improving the therapeutic use of these compounds. It enhances their stability, prolongs their shelf life, protects them from degradation during digestion, and enables better release control by improving their bioaccessibility and bioavailability. This review aims to analyze the impact of various factors related to peptide encapsulation on their stability and release to enhance their biological activity. To achieve this, it is necessary to determine the composition and physicochemical properties of the capsule, which are influenced by the wall materials, encapsulation technique, and operating conditions. Furthermore, for peptide encapsulation, their charge, size, and hydrophobicity must be considered. Recent research has focused on the advancement of novel encapsulation methodologies that permit the formation of uniform capsules in terms of size and shape. In addition, it explores novel wall materials, including polysaccharides derived from unconventional sources, that allow the precise regulation of the rate at which peptides are released into the intestine.
A green Heck reaction protocol towards trisubstituted alkenes, versatile pharmaceutical intermediates
Authors: Rossino Giacomo , Marrubini Giorgio , Brindisi Margherita , Granje Marc , Linciano Pasquale , Rossi Daniela , Collina Simona
Published: July 2024

The Heck reaction is widely employed to build a variety of biologically relevant scaffolds and has been successfully implemented in the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Typically, the reaction with terminal alkenes gives high yields and stereoselectivity toward the trans-substituted alkenes product, and many green variants of the original protocol have been developed for such substrates. However, these methodologies may not be applied with the same efficiency to reactions with challenging substrates, such as internal olefins, providing trisubstituted alkenes. In the present work, we have implemented a Heck reaction protocol under green conditions to access trisubstituted alkenes as final products or key intermediates of pharmaceutical interest. A set of preliminary experiments performed on a model reaction led to selecting a simple and green setup based on a design of experiments (DoE) study. In such a way, the best experimental conditions (catalyst loading, equivalents of alkene, base and tetraalkylammonium salt, composition, and amount of solvent) have been identified. Then, a second set of experiments were performed, bringing the reaction to completion and considering additional factors. The protocol thus defined involves using EtOH as the solvent, microwave (mw) irradiation to achieve short reaction times, and the supported catalyst Pd EnCat®40, which affords an easier recovery and reuse. These conditions were tested on different aryl bromides and internal olefines to evaluate the substrate scope. Furthermore, with the aim to limit as much as possible the production of waste, a simple isomerization procedure was developed to convert the isomeric byproducts into the desired conjugated E alkene, which is also the thermodynamically favoured product. The approach herein disclosed represents a green, efficient, and easy-to-use handle towards different trisubstituted alkenes via the Heck reaction.
No beneficial use of the wearable cardioverter defibrillator among patients suffering from inherited and congenital heart disease: data from a European multicenter registry
Authors: Koepsel Katharina , Dreher Tobias C. , Blockhaus Christian , Gotzmann Michael , Klein Norbert , Kuntz Thomas , Shin Dong-In , Lapp Hendrik , Schiedat Fabian , Abumayyaleh Mohammad , Beiert Thomas , Weth Christian , Kovacs Boldizsar , Rosenkaimer Stephanie , Kowitz Jacqueline , Saguner Ardan Muammer , Erath Julia W. , Duru Firat , Mügge Andreas , Akin Ibrahim , Aweimer Assem , Hamdani Nazha , El-Battrawy Ibrahim
Published: July 2024

Background

Data on the use of the wearable cardioverter defibrillator in patients suffering from inherited and congenital heart disease are limited. Consequently, evidence for guideline recommendations in this patient population is lacking.

Methods

In total 1,675 patients were included in a multicenter registry of eight European centers. In the present cohort, we included 18 patients suffering from congenital and inherited heart disease.

Results

Nine patients (50%) were male with a mean age of 41.3 ± 16.4 years. Four patients suffered from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), four patients suffered from non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM), two patients were diagnosed with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and one patient suffered from muscular dystrophy of the limb-girdle type with cardiac involvement, secondary cardiomyopathy. Three patients presented with Brugada syndrome (BrS). One patient suffered from long-QT syndrome type 1 (LQTS1). Furthermore, two patients had congenital heart defects and one patient suffered from cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). There were no appropriate/inappropriate shocks with the WCD in this cohort. One patient had recurrent self-limiting sustained ventricular tachycardia during the wear time, but actively inhibited a shock and was hospitalized. The compliance rate in this cohort was 77.8% with a mean wear time of 45.3 ± 26.9 days with a mean follow-up time of 570 ± 734 days. 55.6% (10/18) of the patients received an ICD after WCD wear time.

Conclusions

This retrospective study of patients with inherited and congenital heart disease shows that WCD use is not beneficial in the majority of patients with inherited and congenital heart disease.
Systematic approach of measuring program outcomes of management postgraduate program
Authors: Bohra Narendra Singh , Johri Amar , Wasiq Mohammad
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to develop a simplified approach for measuring the outcomes of academic programs. To achieve this, postgraduate management programs offered by various Indian institutions have been selected. Program outcomes (POs) and course outcomes (COs) are key measurement constructs. The course assessment strategy is tailored to the nature of each course, which is categorized into four distinct groups. Course outcomes (COs) of continual evaluation courses are measured through developed rubrics. This study concludes that a systematic assessment process and well-designed measurement tools are important for measuring program outcomes (POs) of academic programs such as management postgraduate programs. We recommend our model of measuring learning outcomes for all institutions, where the management postgraduate programs offered courses are evaluated on three components: faculty assessment, mid-semester assessment, and end-semester assessment. This process ensures a comprehensive and accurate measurement of program outcomes.
The causal relationship between gut microbiota and diabetic neuropathy: a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xie Long , Gan Wen , Cai GuangRong
Published: July 2024

Background

Many studies suggest a strong correlation between gut microbiota (GM) and diabetic neuropathy (DN). However, the precise causal relationship between GM and DN has yet to be fully elucidated. Hence, a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used to examine the association between GM and DN.

Methods

Widely known genome-wide association study (GWAS) of GM was collected from the MiBio Gen project. Summary-level datasets for DN were taken from the FinnGen project. Inverse variance weighted approach was used for evaluating the causal relationship between GM and DN. Subsequently, pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to verify the reliability of the data. Furthermore, a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis was done to investigate the directionality of the causal relationships. Gene Ontology analysis was conducted to identify the associations that could indicate biological functions.

Results

We identified potential causal associations between GM and DN (p< 0.05 in all three MR methods). Among them, we found increased levels of Christensenellaceae R-7 (Odds ratio, OR= 1.52; 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.03–2.23; p = 0.03), Ruminococcaceae UCG013 (OR =1.35; 95% CI = 1.00–1.85; p = 0.04), and Eggerthella groups (OR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.05–1.55; p = 0.01), which may be associated with a higher risk of DN, while increased levels of Peptococcaceae (OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.54–0.90; p< 0.01) and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes groups (OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.49–0.93; p = 0.01) could be associated with a lower risk. Gene Ontology pathway analysis revealed enrichment of genes regulated by the associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apical plasma membrane, glycosyltransferase activity, hexosyltransferase activity and membrane raft. Reverse MR analyses indicated that DN was associated with five microbial taxa in all three MR methods.

Conclusion

The results of our study validate the possible causative relationship between GM and DN. This discovery gives new perspectives into the mechanism on how GM influences DN, and establishes a theoretical foundation for future investigations into targeted preventive measures.
Evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on pulmonary vascular function and the development of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Mzimela Nhlakanipho , Dimba Nosipho , Sosibo Aubrey , Khathi Andile
Published: July 2024

The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant worldwide health concern caused by sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. Beyond glycemic control, T2DM impacts multiple organ systems, leading to various complications. While traditionally associated with cardiovascular and microvascular complications, emerging evidence indicates significant effects on pulmonary health. Pulmonary vascular dysfunction and fibrosis, characterized by alterations in vascular tone and excessive extracellular matrix deposition, are increasingly recognized in individuals with T2DM. The onset of T2DM is often preceded by prediabetes, an intermediate hyperglycemic state that is associated with increased diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. This review explores the relationship between T2DM, pulmonary vascular dysfunction and pulmonary fibrosis, with a focus on potential links with prediabetes. Pulmonary vascular function, including the roles of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), is discussed in the context of T2DM and prediabetes. Mechanisms linking T2DM to pulmonary fibrosis, such as oxidative stress, dysregulated fibrotic signaling, and chronic inflammation, are explained. The impact of prediabetes on pulmonary health, including endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dysregulated vasoactive mediators, is highlighted. Early detection and intervention during the prediabetic stage may reduce respiratory complications associated with T2DM, emphasizing the importance of management strategies targeting blood glucose regulation and vascular health. More research that looks into the mechanisms underlying pulmonary complications in T2DM and prediabetes is needed.
Selection of low impact development technical measures in the distribution area of expansive soil: a case study of Hefei, China
Authors: Huang Ming , Liu Zhen , Zhang Rui , Tao Yong , Sun Ya-min
Published: July 2024

Expansive soils are widely distributed around the world. They have significant characteristics of both hygroscopic expansion and water-loss shrinkage, which have caused serious damage to road paving, construction of low-rise houses, and construction of slopes along the banks of rivers. Similarly, the implementation of low impact development measures can cause considerable difficulties in the distribution area of expansive soil. The entire urban area of Hefei is situated on expansive soil. Although Hefei city has developed a sponge city plan, it has not been carried out on a large scale for implementation of low impact development technical measures. Experimental studies have shown that exposed expansive soils produce fissures that run up and down during wet and dry cycles. These fissures are extremely unfavorable to the infiltration of surface runoff formed by short-term heavy rainfall. This is also one of the reasons for short-term rainfall in Hefei city, resulting in serious flooding in low-lying areas with a poor drainage system. At the same time, initial rainfall is ineffective in cleaning up surface source pollution. Therefore, we can enhance the characteristics of expansive soil, keep the expansive soil unexposed, and maintain a certain level of humidity. These approaches can play a better role in the control of rainfall runoff and surface source pollution. The characteristics of expansive soils can be enhanced by mixing them with weathered sand, a physical improvement, to meet the technical requirements for infiltration, interception, and purification. It is recommended to carefully select low impact development measures in the distribution area of expansive soil to avoid the occurrence of wasteful investment and poor results.
Genetically predicted 1091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Jixin , Wang Wenru , Liu Fengzhao , Qiu Linjie , Ren Yan , Li Meijie , Li Wenjie , Gao Feng , Zhang Jin
Published: July 2024

Background

Metabolic dysregulation represents a defining characteristic of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Nevertheless, there remains an absence of substantial evidence establishing a direct causal link between circulating blood metabolites and the promotion or prevention of T2DM. In addressing this gap, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal association between 1,091 blood metabolites, 309 metabolite ratios, and the occurrence of T2DM.

Methods

Data encompassing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 1,091 blood metabolites and 309 metabolite ratios were extracted from a Canadian Genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 8,299 participants. To evaluate the causal link between these metabolites and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), multiple methods including Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), Weighted Median, MR Egger, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode were employed. p-values underwent correction utilizing False Discovery Rates (FDR). Sensitivity analyses incorporated Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO, Steiger test, leave-one-out analysis, and single SNP analysis. The causal effects were visualized via Circos plot, forest plot, and scatter plot. Furthermore, for noteworthy, an independent T2DM GWAS dataset (GCST006867) was utilized for replication analysis. Metabolic pathway analysis of closely correlated metabolites was conducted using MetaboAnalyst 5.0.

Results

The IVW analysis method utilized in this study revealed 88 blood metabolites and 37 metabolite ratios demonstrating a significant causal relationship with T2DM (p < 0.05). Notably, strong causal associations with T2DM were observed for specific metabolites: 1-linoleoyl-GPE (18:2) (IVW: OR:0.930, 95% CI: 0.899–0.962, p = 2.16 × 10−5), 1,2-dilinoleoyl-GPE (18:2/18:2) (IVW: OR:0.942, 95% CI: 0.917–0.968, p = 1.64 × 10−5), Mannose (IVW: OR:1.133, 95% CI: 1.072–1.197, p = 1.02 × 10−5), X-21829 (IVW: OR:1.036, 95% CI: 1.036–1.122, p = 9.44 × 10−5), and Phosphate to mannose ratio (IVW: OR:0.870, 95% CI: 0.818–0.926, p = 1.29 × 10−5, FDR = 0.008). Additionally, metabolic pathway analysis highlighted six significant pathways associated with T2DM development: Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, Phenylalanine metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, Sphingolipid metabolism, and Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism.

Conclusion

This study identifies both protective and risk-associated metabolites that play a causal role in the development of T2DM. By integrating genomics and metabolomics, it presents novel insights into the pathogenesis of T2DM. These findings hold potential implications for early screening, preventive measures, and treatment strategies for T2DM.
PSPI: A deep learning approach for prokaryotic small protein identification
Authors: Weston Matthew , Hu Haiyan , Li Xiaoman
Published: July 2024

Small Proteins (SPs) are pivotal in various cellular functions such as immunity, defense, and communication. Despite their significance, identifying them is still in its infancy. Existing computational tools are tailored to specific eukaryotic species, leaving only a few options for SP identification in prokaryotes. In addition, these existing tools still have suboptimal performance in SP identification. To fill this gap, we introduce PSPI, a deep learning-based approach designed specifically for predicting prokaryotic SPs. We showed that PSPI had a high accuracy in predicting generalized sets of prokaryotic SPs and sets specific to the human metagenome. Compared with three existing tools, PSPI was faster and showed greater precision, sensitivity, and specificity not only for prokaryotic SPs but also for eukaryotic ones. We also observed that the incorporation of (n, k)-mers greatly enhances the performance of PSPI, suggesting that many SPs may contain short linear motifs. The PSPI tool, which is freely available at https://www.cs.ucf.edu/∼xiaoman/tools/PSPI/, will be useful for studying SPs as a tool for identifying prokaryotic SPs and it can be trained to identify other types of SPs as well.
Prognostic value of inflammatory markers NLR, PLR, and LMR in gastric cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Tan Shufa , Zheng Qin , Zhang Wei , Zhou Mi , Xia Chunyan , Feng Wenzhe
Published: July 2024

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a groundbreaking approach to cancer therapy. Inflammatory markers such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) have emerged as potential indicators strongly associated with tumor prognosis, albeit their prognostic significance remains contentious. The predictive value of NLR, PLR, LMR in patients with gastric cancer (GC) treated with ICIs has not been fully explored; therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the potential of inflammatory markers NLR, PLR, and LMR as survival predictors in this population.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, with the search cut-off date set as March 2024. Hazard ratios (HR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the prognostic significance of NLR, PLR, and LMR for both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

Fifteen cohort studies involving 1336 gastric cancer patients were finally included in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that high levels of NLR were associated with poorer OS and PFS in GC patients receiving ICIs, with combined HRs of OS [HR=2.01, 95%CI (1.72,2.34), P<0.01], and PFS PFS[HR=1.59, 95%CI (1.37,1.86), P<0.01], respectively; high levels of PLR were associated with poorer OS and PFS, and the combined HR was OS [HR=1.57, 95%CI (1.25,1.96), P<0.01], PFS [HR=1.52,95%CI (1.20, 1.94), P<0.01], respectively; and there was an association between elevated LMR and prolonged OS and PFS, and the combined HR was OS [HR=0.62, 95%CI (0.47,0.81), P<0.01], and PFS [HR=0.69, 95%CI (0.50,0.95), P<0.01].

Conclusion

In gastric cancer (GC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), while high lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) was linked to improved OS and PFS. Subgroup analyses suggested that NLR might be particularly pertinent to the prognosis of GC patients. In conclusion, the inflammatory markers NLR, PLR, and LMR serve as effective biomarkers for prognostic assessment in GC patients, offering valuable insights for therapeutic decision-making in the realm of GC immunotherapy. Prospective studies of high quality are eagerly awaited to validate these findings in the future.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero, identifier CRD42024524321.
Immuno-inflammatory pathogenesis in ischemic heart disease: perception and knowledge for neutrophil recruitment
Authors: Wang Yumeng , Shou Xintian , Wu Yang , Li Dong
Published: July 2024

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) can trigger responses from the innate immune system, provoke aseptic inflammatory processes, and result in the recruitment and accumulation of neutrophils. Excessive recruitment of neutrophils is a potential driver of persistent cardiac inflammation. Once recruited, neutrophils are capable of secreting a plethora of inflammatory and chemotactic agents that intensify the inflammatory cascade. Additionally, neutrophils may obstruct microvasculature within the inflamed region, further augmenting myocardial injury in the context of IHD. Immune-related molecules mediate the recruitment process of neutrophils, such as immune receptors and ligands, immune active molecules, and immunocytes. Non-immune-related molecular pathways represented by pro-resolving lipid mediators are also involved in the regulation of NR. Finally, we discuss novel regulating strategies, including targeted intervention, agents, and phytochemical strategies. This review describes in as much detail as possible the upstream molecular mechanism and external intervention strategies for regulating NR, which represents a promising therapeutic avenue for IHD.
Exploring the causal relationship between glutamine metabolism and leukemia risk: a Mendelian randomization and LC-MS/MS analysis
Authors: Li Na , Wang Tianyi , Zhang Huiying , Li Xiao , Bai Haochen , Lu Ning , Lu Kaizhi
Published: July 2024

Objective

This investigation sought to delineate the causal nexus between plasma glutamine concentrations and leukemia susceptibility utilizing bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis and to elucidate the metabolic ramifications of asparaginase therapy on glutamine dynamics in leukemia patients.

Methods

A bidirectional two-sample MR framework was implemented, leveraging genetic variants as instrumental variables from extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) tailored to populations of European descent. Glutamine quantification was executed through a rigorously validated Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) protocol. Comparative analyses of glutamine levels were conducted across leukemia patients versus healthy controls, pre- and post-asparaginase administration. Statistical evaluations employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) models, MR-Egger regression, and sensitivity tests addressing pleiotropy and heterogeneity.

Results

The MR findings underscored a significant inverse association between glutamine levels and leukemia risk (IVW p = 0.03558833), positing lower glutamine levels as a contributory factor to heightened leukemia susceptibility. Conversely, the analysis disclosed no substantive causal impact of leukemia on glutamine modulation (IVW p = 0.9694758). Notably, post-asparaginase treatment, a marked decrement in plasma glutamine concentrations was observed in patients (p = 0.0068), underlining the profound metabolic influence of the therapeutic regimen.

Conclusion

This study corroborates the hypothesized inverse relationship between plasma glutamine levels and leukemia risk, enhancing our understanding of glutamine’s role in leukemia pathophysiology. The pronounced reduction in glutamine levels following asparaginase intervention highlights the critical need for meticulous metabolic monitoring to refine therapeutic efficacy and optimize patient management in clinical oncology. These insights pave the way for more tailored and efficacious treatment modalities in the realm of personalized medicine.
Building the rule of law for maritime security in China: a domestic law perspective
Authors: Li Weihai
Published: July 2024

Maritime security is an essential component of national security, and the effective maintenance of China’s maritime security urgently needs a complete guarantee of the rule of law. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the construction of domestic law on maritime security has undergone three phases: slow development, formation and refinement. Although the rule of law in the seas has been constantly improved, it has provided essential safeguards for maintaining China’s maritime sovereignty, security, and rights and interests. It has facilitated the development of maritime undertakings. However, it still faces problems such as the lack of an explicit constitutional basis, the law of the sea is not an independent departmental law, the absence of the fundamental law of the sea, the lack of operability of marine legislation, and the existence of some gaps in marine laws. Given the problems with the current domestic law on maritime security, it is necessary to make improvements in the following areas: adding marine provisions to the Constitution, formulating the fundamental law of the sea and other marine laws, improving local marine laws, and introducing implementing regulations.
Trends in myopia development among Chinese children and adolescents in Xuzhou during one academic year
Authors: Li Lin , Liao Ya , Wang Qian , Wang Mei , Zhang Wenxuan , Wang Xiaojuan
Published: July 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the prevalence and progression of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Xuzhou City, China, during one academic year.

Methods

The study employed a prospective research design and utilized a whole-group sampling method to conduct non-cycloplegic spot photo screenings on 37,938 students from 44 primary and secondary schools in Xuzhou City, China. A one-year study was conducted to gather spherical equivalent refraction (SER), and subsequent analysis was carried out to explore the disparities in myopia prevalence among primary and secondary school students within the same academic year, as well as the progression of myopia.

Results

During the 2022 academic year, the overall prevalence of myopia in the first and second semesters was 62.6 and 64.2% respectively, indicating an increasing trend. Particularly in primary school (Grades 1–6), the prevalence of myopia increased with higher grade levels, and significant variations in myopia prevalence were observed mainly in grades 1–3 and 7 (p < 0.05). The incidence rate of myopia in middle school remained stable, while in primary school, there was a positive correlation between myopia incidence and the grade level, with the highest rate of 20.1% in grade 6. Among the myopic population, the median value of spherical equivalent refraction slightly decreased between the two semesters. The proportion of high myopia increased among students in grades 5–8.

Conclusion

Our study revealed that within one academic year, the prevalence of myopia and the severity of myopia have significantly increased in Xuzhou City, China, accompanied by an increase in the proportion of high myopia. For different grade levels, we should adopt personalized prevention and control measures, with a particular focus on lower grade levels and students who have just entered a new grade.
Exploration of the application of augmented reality technology for teaching spinal tumor’s anatomy and surgical techniques
Authors: Liu Shuzhong , Yang Jianxin , Jin Hui , Liang Annan , Zhang Qi , Xing Jinyi , Liu Yong , Li Shuangshou
Published: July 2024

Background

Augmented reality (AR) technology is gradually being applied in surgical teaching as an innovative teaching method. Developing innovative teaching methods to replicate clinical theory and practical teaching scenarios, simulate preoperative planning and training for bone tumor surgery, and offer enhanced training opportunities for young physicians to acquire and apply clinical knowledge is a crucial concern that impacts the advancement of the discipline and the educational standards for young orthopedic physicians.

Objective

This study explores the application effect of augmented reality technology in anatomy teaching and surgical clinical teaching for spinal tumor.

Methods

The method utilizes virtual reality and augmented reality technology to present a spinal tumor model and the surgical process of percutaneous vertebroplasty. We conducted a random selection of 12 students forming into the augmented reality teaching group and 13 students forming into the traditional teaching group among the 8-year medical students from Peking Union Medical College and Tsinghua University, ensuring that the age and learning stage of the students in both groups were similar. Two groups of students were taught using traditional teaching methods and augmented reality technology-assisted teaching methods, respectively. A questionnaire survey was conducted after class to assess the quality of course instruction, student motivation in learning, their proficiency in anatomical structures, their comprehension of spinal tumor growth and metastasis, and their understanding and proficiency in percutaneous vertebroplasty.

Results

This study was the first to apply augmented reality technology in teaching, using spinal tumors and percutaneous vertebroplasty as examples, a head-mounted augmented reality device was used to create learning scenarios, presenting the complex three-dimensional spatial structure intuitively. The two groups of students differ significantly in their rating of teaching quality, enthusiasm for learning, knowledge of anatomical features, understanding of spinal trabecular structure, and understanding of steps in percutaneous vertebroplasty. The augmented reality technology-assisted teaching system demonstrates outstanding advantages.

Conclusion

Augmented reality technology has great potential and broad prospects in teaching bone tumors, which can help improve the visualization, interactivity, and three-dimensional spatial sense of medical teaching in spinal tumor. The application and development prospects of using augmented reality technology for anatomy instruction, surgical teaching, and simulation training are extensive.
Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: three case reports and literature review
Authors: Zhao Yuan-Quan , Yang Yong-Yu , Yao Si-Yang , Dong Xiao-Feng
Published: July 2024

Laparoscopic surgery is extensively applied in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases. Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm (HAP) is a rare complication following hepatic biliary surgery through laparoscopy. The clinical manifestations of HAP are diverse and can be fatal. Given its severity, rapid assessment and management are crucial to ensuring a good prognosis. Here, we report three cases of HAP; two underwent laparoscopic surgery due to cholelithiasis, and another caused by trauma. The first case exhibited a pseudoaneurysm involving the distal portion of the right hepatic artery main trunk. The second patient had a pseudoaneurysm at the bifurcation of the left and right hepatic arteries. The third case involved a patient with a pseudoaneurysm involving a branch of the right hepatic artery. The main clinical manifestations of all three cases were bleeding from the biliary tract (the first two cases showed postoperative bleeding in the T-tube, while the third case exhibited gastrointestinal bleeding). The final diagnosis was obtained through digital subtraction angiography. The three patients underwent successful transcatheter arterial embolization operation and a follow-up revealed they were disease-free and alive. This article aims to highlight a rare complication of laparoscopic hepatobiliary surgery and share our experience in early diagnosis and treatment of HAP.