bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI PENGAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA GAME
Authors: Fitriya Fitriya , Yustina Putri Amanda , Segoh David
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai upaya melihat strategi pengajaran yang tepat untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Pembelajaran yang melibatkan game menjadi motivasi yang besar bagi siswa. Seiring kemajuan teknologi, siswa menjadi semakin akrab dengan gadget. Fenomena ini juga dapat mendorong guru untuk menggunakan media game yang meningkatkan antusias dan memotivasi siswa dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara. teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik model interaktif Miles dan Huberman (2019):  reduksi data (data reduction), pemaparan data (data display), dan penarikan kesimpulan (conclusion/verifying). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa bahwa guru dituntut untuk dapat membuat siswa menangkap pelajaran dengan cara yang cukup khas dan menyenangkan sehingga mereka menikmati dan merasa senang. Dengan demikian, pembelajaran berlangsung dengan kondusif dan efisien.
ANALISIS SEMANTIK PADA NAMA-NAMA SATE KHAS JAWA TIMUR
Authors: Suyuti Muhammad Wildan , Khairumi Nurul , Ningrum Rahma Cahya , Mashud
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji nama-nama sate di Jawa Timur dari perspektif semantik untuk mengungkap makna dan nilai-nilai sosial budaya yang terkandung di dalamnya. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis 22 nama sate yang diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penamaan sate di Jawa Timur dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan keserupaan, plesetan, sifat khas, bahan, dan inovasi. Makna di balik nama-nama tersebut mencerminkan kearifan lokal, kreativitas linguistik, dan nilai-nilai sosial budaya masyarakat Jawa Timur. Analisis semantik mengungkapkan bahwa nama-nama sate tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai penanda kuliner, tetapi juga sebagai representasi identitas, humor, dan filosofi masyarakat setempat. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penamaan sate sering kali mengandung unsur metafora yang menggambarkan karakteristik hidangan atau konteks sosial budayanya. Keberagaman strategi penamaan yang ditemukan juga mencerminkan adaptabilitas bahasa dan budaya Jawa Timur dalam menghadapi perubahan dan inovasi kuliner, sambil tetap mempertahankan identitas lokal. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting tentang bagaimana bahasa, khususnya dalam penamaan kuliner, dapat menjadi cerminan dinamika sosial dan budaya suatu masyarakat, serta berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang hubungan antara bahasa, makanan, dan identitas budaya.
VOCABULARY TEACHING STRATEGIES APPLIED ON LEARN ENGLISH WITH PAPA TEACH ME YOUTUBE CHANNEL
Authors: Septian Paradesa , Artha Almira Fidela , Ningrum Sulistya
Published: December 2024

Abstract: During COVID-19, some teaching strategies for vocabulary, as with other materials, cannot be re-adopted since the teaching activities have shifted to online. Language teachers started providing students with educational videos taken from YouTube to overcome this situation. Using technology, mainly YouTube, to learn English has persisted since the Covid-19 pandemic. Despite being a trend nowadays, vocabulary teaching strategies on videos for English learning on YouTube are relatively unexplored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the vocabulary teaching strategies on Learn English with Papa Teach Me YouTube channel. This study adopted a qualitative approach. The data of this study were obtained from a playlist titled “English Vocabulary” on Learn English with Papa Teach Me. The data were analyzed using Harmer‟s (1991) vocabulary teaching strategies. The findings show that Learn English with Papa Teach Me applied five of seven vocabulary teaching strategies proposed by Harmer (1991), which are: (1) mime, action, and gesture; (2) picture; (3) explanation; (4) enumeration; and (5) translation. Three strategies that were most frequently used are mime, action, and gesture (59 times), picture (54 times), and explanation (51 times). Therefore, this study recommends the utilization of (1) mime, action, gesture, (2) picture, and (3) explanation strategies for teachers. Teachers can combine these strategies to catch students‟ attention, help them understand the vocabulary context, and enhance their memorization ability.
Keywords: educational videos, online teaching, vocabulary teaching strategies
Potential applications of engineered bacteria in disease diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Luo Zhaowei , Qi Zhanghua , Luo Jie , Chen Tingtao
Published: December 2024

Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in appropriate quantities. This beneficial effect has spurred extensive research in the medical and health fields. With rapid advancements in synthetic biology, the genetic and biological characteristics of a broad array of probiotics have been elucidated. Utilizing these insights, genetic editing technologies now enable the precise modification of probiotics, leading to the development of engineered bacteria. Emerging evidence underscores the significant potential of these engineered bacteria in disease management. This review explores the methodologies for creating engineered bacteria, their preliminary applications in healthcare, and the mechanisms underlying their functions. Engineered bacteria are being developed for roles such as in vivo drug delivery systems, biosensors, and mucosal vaccines, thereby contributing to the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of conditions including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), metabolic disorders, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. The review concludes by assessing the advantages and limitations of engineered bacteria in the context of disease management.
EFFICIENCY OF USE CHARACTERISTICS OF DAMPING OF TURBINE BLADES FOR CRACK DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Bovsunovsky Anatolii , Nosal Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

During operation, turbine blades are subjected to intense mechanical (static and dynamic) and thermal loads in a corrosive and aggressive environment. The consequence of such loading is the gradual accumulation of diffuse fatigue damage, which eventually becomes localized as a fatigue crack. When the crack reaches a critical size, there is a danger of blade destruction with catastrophic consequences for the entire turbine. Timely detection of blade damage is possible at the stage of turbine repair using vibration diagnostics.
The purpose of the work is to create an analytical approach that allows modeling the change in the vibration damping characteristics of a turbine blade with a fatigue crack, as well as the study of the influence of the crack parameters and the geometric parameters of the blade on the vibration damping characteristics of the blade to assess the effectiveness of vibration diagnostics of damage.
The results of the study of the effect of a surface transverse crack on the damping characteristics of turbine blade oscillations are presented. As a result of the experimental and analytical study, the effect of the crack parameters (size and location of the crack) and the geometric parameters of the blade on the damping characteristics of blade vibrations was established.
Vibration diagnostic of turbine blades, based on a change in the damping characteristics of its vibrations, is a sufficiently effective diagnostic feature for detecting relatively small cracks, the size of which does not pose a threat to the integrity of the blades.
 Given that the materials used for the manufacture of modern steam turbines and gas turbine engines have a rather low damping capacity, the use of changes in the damping characteristics of blade oscillations as a vibration diagnostic sign of damage is promising.
Further work involves the study of the effect of cracks that appear on the edges of the blades on the damping characteristics of blade vibrations
INVESTIGATION OF HEAT EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN A COOLING SYSTEM IN A POULTRY HOUSE WITH SIDE VENTILATION
Authors: Trokhaniak Viktor , Furkalo Taras
Published: December 2024

A new method of cooling the outside air in the ventilation systems of poultry houses is proposed, based on the use of water from underground wells and heat exchangers for cooling the supply air.
Numerical modeling of aerodynamics and heat transfer processes in poultry houses with a tunnel ventilation system was carried out. As a result of numerical calculations, the distribution of temperatures, velocities, and pressures in the air environment of the poultry house was obtained. The use of heat exchangers to cool the supply air makes it possible to maintain its temperature at +20-25 ℃ and reduce the moisture content in poultry houses, which is high when using cassette methods or spraying water with nozzles to cool the supply air.
As a result of the numerical studies, it is recommended to increase air flow rates by including a third exhaust fan located on the top line of the rear end wall. This will allow for a more even temperature distribution in the house.
Multilingualism in primary Classrooms in Scotland: A Growing Challenge and Opportunity
Authors:   University of Dundee, Egerton Catriona
Published: December 2024

Multilingualism in Scottish primary schools has surged in recent years, reflecting the increasing diversity of the student population. This paper examines the prevalence of home languages other than English, the cognitive and social benefits of multilingualism, and the challenges faced by educators in managing linguistically diverse classrooms. Using data from the 2023 Scottish Schools Census and recent literature, this study identifies the gaps in initial teacher education and resources, focusing on the challenges surrounding the implementation of the 1+2 Language Strategy. Finally, it calls for a change in Initial Teacher Education (ITE) to better equip teachers to support multilingual students.
LLE-Fuse: Lightweight Infrared and Visible Light Image Fusion Based on Low-Light Image Enhancement
Authors: Qian Song , Yiming Guzailinuer , Li Ping , Yang Junfei , Xue Yan , Zhang Shuping
Published: December 2024

Infrared and visible light image fusion technology integrates feature information from two different modalities into a fused image to obtain more comprehensive information. However, in low-light scenarios, the illumination degradation of visible light images makes it difficult for existing fusion methods to extract texture detail information from the scene. At this time, relying solely on the target saliency information provided by infrared images is far from sufficient. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a lightweight infrared and visible light image fusion method based on low-light enhancement, named LLE-Fuse. The method is based on the improvement of the MobileOne Block, using the Edge-MobileOne Block embedded with the Sobel operator to perform feature extraction and downsampling on the source images. The intermediate features at different scales obtained are then fused by a cross-modal attention fusion module. In addition, the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) algorithm is used for image enhancement of both infrared and visible light images, guiding the network model to learn low light enhancement capabilities through enhancement loss. Upon completion of network training, the Edge-MobileOne Block is optimized into a direct connection structure similar to MobileNetV1 through structural reparameterization, effectively reducing computational resource consumption. Finally, after extensive experimental comparisons, our method achieved improvements of 4.6%, 40.5%, 156.9%, 9.2%, and 98.6% in the evaluation metrics Standard Deviation(SD), Visual Information Fidelity(VIF), Entropy(EN), and Spatial Frequency(SF), respectively, compared to the best results of the compared algorithms, while only being 1.5ms/it slower in computation speed than the fastest method.
Synthalin,Buformin,Phenformin, Metformin:A Century Of Intestinal„Glucose-Clearance“ as Oral Antidiabetic Strategy in Overweight/Obese Patients.
Authors: Ramadori Giuliano
Published: December 2024

After the first release of synthalin B (dodecamethylenbiguanide) in 1928 and its later retraction in the 1940s in Germany, the retraction of phenformin (N-Phenethylbiguanide) and of Buformin in the USA (but not outside), because of the lethal complication of acidosis seemed to have put an end to the era of the biguanides as oral antidiabetics. Metformin (1-1-dimethylbiguanide), first synthesized 1922 but first released in 1959 in France and in other european countries,was used in the first large multicenter prospective long-term trial in England in the UKPDS (1977-1997), released in the USA after a short-term prospective trial in healthy overweight type 2 diabetics in 1995 for oral treatment of diabetes type 2,mostly to multimorbide older (above 65 years of age) and is now the most used drug worldwide.While intravenous administration of biguanides does not have any glucose-lowering effect,their oral administration leads to enormous increase of its (metformin) intestinal concentration (up to 300-fold compared to that measured in the blood) , to reduced absorption of glucose from the diet and to decrease of insulin serum level through increased hepatic uptake and decreased production.Acute gastrointestinal side effects accompanied by fluid loss often lead to dose-reduction of the drugs and strongly limit adherence to therapy.Main long-term consequences are „chronic“ dehydration, deficency of vitamin B12 and of iron and as observed for all the biguanides, to „chronic“ increase of fasting and postprandial lactate plasma level and also to a clinical condition characterized by hypotension oliguria adynamia and evident lactic acidosis.Intravenously injected F18-labelled glucose in metformin-treated type 2 diabetics accumulates in the the small and even more in the large intestine.The densitometry picture observed in metformin-treated overweight diabetics is similar to that observed in patients after bowel-cleansing or chronically taking different types of laxatives where the accumulated radioactivity can even reach values observed in colon cancer.The glucose-lowering mechanism of action of metformin is therefore not only due to inhibition of glucose uptake in the small intestine but also to „attraction“ of glucose from the hepatocyte to the intestine,possibly through the insulin-mediated uptake in the hepatocyte and its secretion into the bile.Metformin is not different from the other biguanides ,synthalin B,buformin and phenformin.The mechanism of action,and the side effects are comparable if not even stronger (abdominal pain and fluid loss) to those of laxatives.
An Experimental Study of the Performance of Wheat and Corn Straw Ash Cementitious Composite Materials
Authors: Zhao Zhuang , Houankpo Noukpo Tchehoungbo Olivier
Published: December 2024

A new type of construction material is mainly introduced in this study, exploring the flowability, mechanical properties, dry density, and economic feasibility of wheat and corn straw fiber cementitious composite (WCSFCC) to produce high-pressure bricks. WCSFCC is developed to utilize wheat and corn straw fiber resources to replace the sand in conventional concrete bricks. The findings show that adding straw ashes to the straw fiber cement-based mixture improved the compressive strength from 11.48 MPa to 19 MPa at 28 days of age, while the flexural strength of WCSFCC was raised to 7.0 times at 28 days. Meanwhile, investigating the impact of straw ash dosage on trial outcomes revealed that 5 wt% straw ash satisfies the standard criteria for non-load-bearing and load-bearing wall structures. The dosing of straw ash changes and optimizes the WCSFCC structure, making the samples lighter and lower density. In addition, from the perspective of economic feasibility and sustainable development, it is more beneficial to the environment and health.
AI-based Skin Cancer Detection Algorithms: Opportunities, Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Arooj Tayyaba , Muhammad Shaheer , Adeel Hannan , Sadeeq Mahjabeen
Published: December 2024

Skin cancer particularly melanoma is significant global health concern. Early and accurate detection is very important for improving patient outcomes. This study conducts an in-depth literature review to identify commonly used CNN variants, datasets, and key evaluation metrics to assess their performance in classifying benign and malignant skin lesions. Widely used Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures including ResNet, EfficientNet, DenseNet, AlexNet, VGG, GoogleNet, LeNet-5, Xception, and MobileNet were implemented. A comparative analysis is conducted based on metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, sensitivity, and F1-score, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each algorithm. The results demonstrate that VGG-16 emerged as the best performer with an accuracy of 97%, followed by VGG-19 and Mobilenet-v2 with 88%. Lastly, this paper highlight the trade-offs between various metrics that provides critical insights for deploying AI-based skin cancer detection algorithms in clinical practice.
The Characteristics and Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Urban Sewer System
Authors: Li Longjie , Sang Yuou , Wang Xinyuan , Zhai Tangfang , Cai Chen , Ren Jilong , Ma Xiaona
Published: December 2024

The carbon emission fluxes in the urban sewer systems and the microbial community structure in sewer sediments remain unclear. In this study, a sewer system located in southern China was utilized to investigate the water quality characteristics, carbon emission flux, and microbial community structure in sediment. The results showed that the chemical oxygen demand loss rates in the branch pipe and sub-main pipe were 27.1% and 14.1 %, respectively. The estimated carbon emission flux revealed a total carbon emission flux from the sewer system was 1.39 kg CO2-eq/m3 and the emissions fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide were 0.87 kg CO2-eq/m3 and 0.51 kg CO2-eq/m3, accounted for 62% and 36.4%. Microbial community structure analysis revealed that methanogenic archaea in the sediments of the branch pipes and sub-main pipes were Methanobacterium, Methanosaeta, and Methanobrevibacter. The methanogenic activity of sewer sediments was further assessed. This study further confirmed that the branch pipe and sub-main pipe were the main sources of carbon emission and methane and carbon dioxide are the main greenhouse gases in the sewer system. This study furnishes novel insights for the control of carbon emissions in municipal sewage systems.
A Probabilistic Expanding Universe
Authors: Ntelis Pierros
Published: December 2024

In this study, we embrace information by presenting important concepts of abstract information field theory, probabilities, and probabilistic dimensions, in the view of functors of actions theories and other abstract theories. We present a collection of manifolds and metric systems with probabilistic notions, different flavors of an expanding sub-manifold to metric systems describing simpler dynamics of space around massive objects. Furthermore, we derive the equation of motion of a simplified gravity model in a probabilistic expanding Universe. Finally, we introduce the notions of probabilistic actions and concepts of novel categories of abstract field-particles, such as the probablons and informatons. These are the first steps towards a concrete description of a probabilistic gravity, and a probabilistic expanding Universe.
Endocrinology of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Clues
Authors: Tesarik Jan
Published: December 2024

This paper briefly reviews the most important endocrine features of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) and shows their relevance for diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Endocrine disturbances in POI cause problems both for fertility and for general health status of the affected women. Subfertility or infertility results from depletion of growing ovarian follicles and is, in its turn, the causative factor of hypoestrogenism responsible for general health problems, including hot flashes, dyspareunia, genitourinary syndrome of menopause (vulvovaginal atrophy and urinary incontinence), decreased sexual desire, dry eyes, night sweats and insomnia, as well as the risks for cardiovascular health, metabolic abnormalities, diabetes, obesity, chronic inflammation, hypertension, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. A combination of high serum FSH and low estradiol concentrations is a key feature charactering POI and the decisive element for POI diagnosis. The treatment of the general health problems, based on correcting hypoestrogenism by hormone replacement therapy with 17-estradiol, is relatively easy. On the other hand, resolving infertility is a much more difficult task, and oocyte donation is the only really efficient instrument. Fertility preservation strategies, are suitable alternatives in cases of early POI diagnosis, in which some viable follicles are still present in the ovaries. In patients who refuse oocyte donation, intraovarian injection of autologous platelet-rich plasma may be considered. Other innovative treatments, such as stem cell therapies or nuclear transfer , are currently under investigation.
Large-Scale Gene Discovery in Brain Tissue Related to Pig-Mentation Variation in Platichthys stellatus Using RNA-Seq
Authors: Kang Duk-Young , Hwang Jinik
Published: December 2024

Platichthys stellatus is extensively farmed in Korea, and the importance of aquaculture technology is growing in economic and industrial sectors. However, pigmentation anomalies, such as discoloration of the skin during the farming process, have resulted in significant eco-nomic losses. Despite continuous studies to uncover the causes, genomic research in this area remains insufficient. This study utilizes RNA-seq de novo assembly analysis to establish candi-date genes in brain tissue related to pigmentation variation in P. stellatus. Genes associated with albinism and melanism were identified, with 1,053 genes linked to albinism and 642 genes asso-ciated with melanism. Additionally, functional analysis of these genes was conducted through gene ontology (GO) analysis, categorizing genes by biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. KEGG pathway analysis revealed significant associations with five path-ways for albinism and two pathways for melanism in brain tissue. The large-scale gene expres-sion profiles identified in this study provide valuable genomic resources for future studies on aquaculture species, including P. stellatus.
Unlocking Language: The Law of the Trio
Authors: Tesfa Prof. Tedros Kifle
Published: December 2024

Throughout human history, understanding the fundamental nature of language has been a central concern of scholars and thinkers. Although substantial progress has been made in many areas of linguistics, a precise definition of language remains elusive. This study introduces new insights into the understanding of language and precisely describes its true nature. It formulates a simple universal model of language by applying a newly discovered law–the law of a trio linking thought, language, and reality. The study also illustrates how the law and model can be applied to address important linguistic issues, including the language skills, the universality of languages, the syntactic structure of complex sentences, and the acquisition of first and second languages. The identification of a triadic relationship linking thought, language, and reality is expected to resolve the conflicts between different theories of language, often referred to as theories of meaning. This discovery is expected to elevate linguistics to the same status as the natural sciences for the first time in its history.
Ship Heading Controller Design Based on Neural Networks
Authors: Ngongi Werneld Egno Egno , Nsulangi Paul Theofili , Mkwande Miraji Abdallah
Published: December 2024

The ship steering control to yaw motions of the marine vessels is a very frustrating assignment. Thus, this article presents the design of ship heading control system based on radial basis function neural (RBFNN) networks. The controller employs error signal and respective derivative as inputs to the RBFNN. Backward difference approximation techniques are employed to compute the error signal. Simulation results demonstrate how the control system regulates the ship heading and shows the response characteristics of the controller. The results obtained prove that the controller can perform well compared to other methods.
Study on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Patterns of Traditional Villages in Shaanxi Province
Authors: Huang Rongjing , Wu Zhenghao
Published: December 2024

In this study, we take two batches of 323 provincial traditional villages in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2017 as the research object. We use Google Earth to conduct spatial positioning, analyze the villages’ spatial distribution characteristics, and carry out correlation analysis under different geographical units and influencing factors. The study shows that traditional villages in Shaanxi Province have three high-density core areas, with the increase of altitude and terrain undulation, its distribution shows a "low–high–low" distribution pattern; mostly concentrated in the south and southeast and within 3 km from the drainage basin; the population density and economic level are weakly negatively correlated with the spatial distribution of traditional villages. According to their spatial agglomeration characteristics, traditional villages in Shaanxi Province can be divided into four distribution modes, namely, diffusion type, polarizing type, trough type, and backward type.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of Epstein‐Barr Virus Strains with a Focus on EBV2 Variability
Authors: Blazquez Ana Catalina , Fellner Maria Dolores , Lorenzetti Mario Alejandro , Preciado Maria Victoria
Published: December 2024

Most genomic studies on Epstein-Barr virus variability have focused on geographic and pathological association of EBV1 genomes. In contrast, the variability of EBV2 genomes has been less explored, mainly due to its restricted geographic circulation and the lesser number of sequenced EBV2 isolates. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed 28 EBV1, 10 EBV2 genomes from Argentina, which were combined with 239 downloaded complete genomes from other geographic regions, to produce an initial multi-sample.vcf file comprised of 278 EBV genomes. In this context, we identified 1,093/4,541 positions in the viral genome that contribute to variability between viral types, mainly located in the EBNA2, EBNA3 family of genes and the adjacent BZLF1, BZLF2 and BLLF1 genes. We further described that this variability exhibits distinct patterns across Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. Compared to EBV1, EBV2 genomes showed fewer variable positions relative to its reference genome (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.0001). Principal component analysis revealed that EBV2 genomes from Southeast Asia segregate independently from those from South America (Wilcoxon test, Bonferroni correction; p = 1.1 x 10-7) and Africa (Wilcoxon test, Bonferroni correction; p = 2.6 x 10-9). Additionally, we identified those precise variable positions with geographic segregation strength: 1,135/3,666 in EBV1 and 380/3,276 in EBV2. Furthermore, the distribution of variable positions along the genome disclosed a close relation for EBV2 isolates from Africa and South America as compared to isolates from Southeast Asia. Although our analysis is limited to EBV2 genomes isolated from three geographic regions, it is to the best of our knowledge, the first study to comprehensively characterize the geographic variability of the complete EBV2 genome. These findings underscore the geographic and genetic diversity of EBV2 genomes and contribute to understanding EBV´s evolutionary dynamics and potential regional adaptations. This research enhances our understanding of EBV2 genomic variability, supporting future epidemiological studies and advancing the knowledge base for targeted treatments and vaccine development for EBV-associated diseases.
InvMOE: MOEs Based Invariant Representation Learning for Fault Detection in Converter Stations
Authors: Sun Hao , Li Shaosen , Li Hao , Huang Jianxiang , Qiao Zhuqiao , Wang Jialei , Tian Xincui
Published: December 2024

Converter stations are pivotal in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems, enabling power conversion between Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC), while ensuring efficient and stable energy transmission. Fault detection in converter stations is crucial for maintaining their
reliability and operational safety. This paper focuses on image-based detection of five common faults: metal corrosion, discoloration of desiccant in breathers, insulator breakage, hanging foreign objects, and valve cooling water leakage. Despite advancements in deep learning, existing detection methods face two major challenges: limited model generalization due to diverse and complex backgrounds in converter station environments, and sparse supervision signals caused by the high cost of collecting labeled images for certain faults.
To overcome these issues, we propose InvMOE, a novel fault detection algorithm with two core components: (1) invariant representation learning, which captures task-relevant features and mitigates background noise interference, and (2) multi-task training using a mixture of experts (MOE) framework to adaptively optimize feature learning across tasks and address label sparsity. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that InvMOE achieves superior generalization performance and significantly improves detection accuracy for tasks with limited samples, such as valve cooling water leakage. This work provides a robust and scalable approach for enhancing fault detection in converter stations.
Least Cost Vehicle Charging in a Smart Neighborhood Considering Uncertainty and Battery Degradation
Authors: Schade Curd , Aliasghari Parinaz , Egging-Bratseth Ruud , Pfister Clara
Published: December 2024

The electricity landscape is constantly evolving, with intermittent and distributed electricity supply causing increased variability and uncertainty. The growth in electric vehicles, and electrification on the demand side, further intensifies this issue. Managing the increasing volatility and uncertainty is of critical importance to secure and minimize costs for the energy supply. Smart neighborhoods offer a promising solution to locally manage the supply and demand of energy, which can ultimately lead to cost savings while addressing intermittency features. This study assesses the impact of different electric vehicle charging strategies on smart grid energy costs, specifically accounting for battery degradation due to cycle depths, state of charge, and uncertainties in charging demand and electricity prices. Employing a comprehensive evaluation framework, the research assesses the impacts of different charging strategies on operational costs and battery degradation. Multi-stage stochastic programming is applied to account for uncertainties in electricity prices and electric vehicle charging demand. The findings demonstrate that smart charging can significantly reduce expected energy costs, achieving a 10\% cost decrease and reducing battery degradation by up to 30\%. We observe that the additional cost reductions from allowing Vehicle-to-Grid supply are small compared to smart charging are small. This means that most benefits are obtainable just by optimized timing of charging itself.
Base Nacional Comum Curricular no contexto Maranhense: perspectivas e dos educadores
Authors: Pereira Maria Elinete Gonçalves , Moraes Lélia Cristina Silveira de
Published: December 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo discutir perspectivas e práticas de professores no contexto da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) (Brasil, 2017; 2018). A BNCC, instituída em 2017, visa estabelecer aprendizagens fundamentais para todos os alunos da educação básica, sendo obrigatória e exigindo revisão dos currículos escolares. Esta discussão integra a pesquisa Base Nacional Comum Curricular e a prática dos professores do ensino fundamental: entre a normatividade e o currículo em ação, orientada pelo método do materialismo histórico-dialético e utilizando abordagens como pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além de técnicas de observação, questionário, entrevista semiestruturada e análise de conteúdo, segundo Bardin (2011). O estudo envolveu trinta e cinco professores e quatro coordenadores pedagógicos de escolas municipais maranhenses. No universo pesquisado, observam-se diversas perspectivas sobre a efetividade da BNCC. Contudo, há um consenso entre os sujeitos envolvidos: a BNCC não é o único referencial utilizado e, quando aplicada, muitas vezes as diretrizes são organizadas de acordo com a realidade e as necessidades locais.
Strengthening Postsecondary Career and Technical Education Researchers Through Research Methods Webinars
Authors: Bartlett Michelle , Bartlett James , Dolfi Jordan
Published: December 2024

The resurgence of interest in career and technical education (CTE) has driven demand for skilled researchers to examine policies and practices that prepare individuals for the workforce. This study disseminates the perspectives of graduate and post-doctoral CTE research fellows on the quality and impact of research methods webinars they attended during their fellowship. The webinars aimed to enhance research skills and professional development. The study used mixed methods to analyze fellows' feedback, revealing themes such as supplementation to doctoral coursework, networking with CTE scholars, acquiring new knowledge, peer engagement, and the essential role of webinars in the fellowship. After each webinar surveys were collected from fellows (n=175).  A total of ten fellows provided detailed responses to the open-ended questions, leading to findings about the fellows' perceived level of quality and impacts of the webinars. The findings indicate that the webinars offered valuable supplementary knowledge beyond doctoral coursework, broadened the fellows' understanding, and enhanced their capability to conduct rigorous research. The webinars also facilitated networking with CTE scholars, sparked the development of new knowledge and potential research studies, fostered peer engagement, and were regarded as an essential component of the fellowship program in enhancing research skills and capabilities.
Aporte energético de especies forrajeras para producción de ganado bovino de doble propósito
Authors: Solís Lucas L.A. , Meneses G. , Villacrés J.
Published: December 2024

La ganadería en las zonas semiáridas como la provincia de Santa Elena tiene un manejo ancestral con carencias en la nutrición de los animales, lo que afecta económicamente a los pequeños tenedores o productores ganaderos, especialmente en la época seca. Este tipo de producción, no se lo considera un negocio con rentabilidad, sino como una actividad de subsistencia. Los problemas en la alimentación y un manejo incipiente de los animales impiden tener ganancias de peso para carne o producir más leche. La presente investigación planteó como objetivo predecir la producción diaria de carne y leche en bovinos a partir de estimaciones energéticas de especies forrajeras utilizando fórmulas matemáticas, para estimar la cantidad necesaria de forraje fresco (kg) que se necesita para cubrir los requerimientos energéticos totales del animal. Los resultados del análisis bromatológico en las condiciones específicas de la provincia de Santa Elena determinaron a la especie arbórea Caesalpinia glabatra con el mayor % de materia seca y, a Leucaena leucocephala y Moringa oleífera con los valores más altos de proteína. El valor energético calculado para Moringa oleífera, Leucaena leucocephala y Caesalpinia glabatra presentó a la moringa como la especie que mayor valor energético aporta a los bovinos. Las estimaciones energéticas mostraron que el FF y MS producen en los bovinos, para Moringa oleífera la mayor cantidad de kg/carne/día y mayor cantidad l/leche/día. La especie Caesalpinia glabatra demostró ser la especie forrajera con mayor rendimiento y carga animal en unidades bovinas adultas por hectárea.
Identificación de bacterias ácido lácticas en quesos artesanales de Baja California, México, por secuenciación del gen ARNr 16S
Authors: Silva P.L. , López V.G. , Montaño G.M. , Villa A.R. , Herrera R.J. , González S.A. , Inzunza A.F. , Gutiérrez F.K. , Monge N.F. , Martínez A.C. , García G.F. , Medina B.G.
Published: December 2024

En este estudio, se identificaron 43 aislados de bacterias ácido lácticas (BAL) en distintos quesos elaborados con leche cruda de vaca a diferentes tiempos de maduración en dos estaciones del año. La identificación fue realizada por amplificación del gen bacteriano ARNr 16S por PCR y secuenciación. Las especies Enterococcus faecalis (27.9%) y Lactobacillus plantarum (32.6%) se encontraron durante todo el periodo de maduración de los quesos en invierno, en tanto en verano solo L. plantarum prevaleció durante todo el proceso de maduración. Enterococcus faecium (11.7%) y Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis (14%) perduraron en ambas estaciones en diferentes tiempos de maduración. Weisella paramesenteroides (2.3%) se encontró solo durante el periodo invernal, en tanto en verano se encontraron Lactobacillus paracasei (2.3%), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (2.3%), L. lactis subsp. Lactis bv. diacetylactis (2.3%.) y Weisella viridescens (11%). En el presente estudio las especies identificadas sugieren que el queso de esta región tiene características microbiológicas distintivas y que éstas varían en función de la estación del año, haciendo necesaria una estandarización en las prácticas de cuajado y maduración del queso, y en un futuro cercano, inocular cepas bacterianas deseables para mantener las características organolépticas de las distintas marcas durante todo el año.
Tecnologia atual da ambiência térmica na avicultura de corte
Authors: Ribeiro B.P.V.B , Yanagi Junior T
Published: December 2024

As oscilações da temperatura ambiente causam desconforto térmico para frangos de corte, especialmente em países com clima predominantemente tropical. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão foi caracterizar o estado atual da arte relacionado ao ambiente térmico de aviários para criação de frangos de corte. Os fatores construtivos de aviários são determinantes para a manutenção do ambiente térmico em condições de conforto, juntamente com os materiais utilizados, os quais estão diretamente relacionados com o calor produzido pelas aves dentro dos aviários. Para obter maior controle das variáveis térmicas dentro dos aviários, sistemas de automação têm sido instalados para maior controle do microclima interno. Os sistemas de produção em conjunto com as tecnologias utilizadas nas instalações avícolas para produção de frangos de corte possibilitam a obtenção de um ambiente termicamente confortável, permitindo à ave expressar todo o seu potencial genético para a produção.
Intoxicación por Solanum tuberosum L. en burros (RETIRADO)
Authors: Lora A.J. , Ayala N. , Molina A.M. , Álvarez J. , Moyano M.R.
Published: December 2024

La planta de la patata (Solanum tuberosum L.) es muy utilizada tanto en la alimentación humana como animal. A pesar de ello, y bajo determinadas condiciones, como la presencia de luz intensa durante el desarrollo o el almacenamiento, así como la aparición de brotes nuevos, pueden producir un aumento en la concentración de glucoalcaloides con potencial tóxico, como son la ɑ-chaconina y la ɑ-solanina. Ambas toxinas producen efectos adversos en los animales, siendo los burros (Equus africanus asinus) especialmente sensibles a dicha intoxicación. Se describe una posible intoxicación en una finca al noreste de la provincia de Sevilla en dos burros de raza andaluza, tras consumo de patatas verdes con brotes nuevos a las que tuvieron acceso de forma accidental. Ambos presentaban un cuadro clínico similar en relación a la descripción de los signos clínicos y a su evolución, observándose sintomatología tanto a nivel digestivo (congestión en la mucosa oral, dolor cólico con tensión en el abdomen y ausencia de reflujo nasogástrico, entre otros), como sintomatología a nivel del sistema nervioso central, (animales recostados, con dificultad para levantarse, para deglutir, con ataxia, agresividad alternada con periodos de somnolencia, pedaleo, moderada pérdida de sensibilidad cutánea..etc). Ambos burros murieron en un plazo de 48 a 72 horas tras el inicio de los síntomas a pesar del tratamiento sintomático suministrado. Las muestras de los tubérculos sospechosos que fueron remitidas al Departamento de Farmacología, Toxicología y Medicina Legal y Forense de la Universidad de Córdoba, junto a la sintomatología y las lesiones observadas, se determinó que eran compatibles con un cuadro de intoxicación por Solanum tuberosum L.
Estandarización de un protocolo sencillo para la extracción de adn a partir de quesos frescos, semi-curados y curados de cabra
Authors: Canales A.M. , Baquero M.R. , Delgado J.V , Martínez A.
Published: December 2024

El queso es el producto fresco o madurado, sólido o semisólido, obtenido de la leche total o parcialmente desnatada, coagulado total o parcialmente por la acción del cuajo, por un proceso de acidificación o por la adición de una enzima proteolítica (coagulación enzimática). Muchos quesos de cabra se elaboran con leche de una raza determinada y así queda recogido en el pliego de condiciones de las denominaciones de origen, aunque no se dispone de un sistema de trazabilidad genética para verificarlo. La trazabilidad genética se basa en la identificación de los animales y sus productos a través del estudio de secuencias específicas de ADN variables entre los individuos que permiten distinguir entre ellos. El futuro de las razas autóctonas pasa por el reconocimiento y valoración de sus productos. El disponer de un método para verificar la raza productora de la leche utilizada en la elaboración de los quesos sería una importante herramienta para detectar fraudes en estos productos protegidos vinculados a un genotipo determinado. Para realizar la trazabilidad genética es necesario analizar ADN con una suficiente concentración y pureza, pero los métodos de extracción de ADN disponibles hasta el momento producen un bajo rendimiento de ADN. El objetivo del presente estudio fue la estandarización de un método de extracción de ADN, que diera una buena calidad a partir de diferentes maduraciones de quesos de cabra. Se seleccionaron 15 muestras de queso de leche de cabra 100% con diferentes tipos de maduración: 5 quesos frescos, 5 quesos semicurados y 5 quesos curados. En el protocolo de extracción se utiliza un buffer de incubación de Edwards (Tris 10mM, pH = 8; EDTA20mM, 0,5% SDS, NaCl 2mM), 2-Mercaptoethanol-d6, una modificación del buffer de lisis de Tiocianato de Guanidina (NH2C(=NH)NH2 · HSCN) y columna de sílice. Terminado el proceso de extracción, se procede a la cuantificación utilizando 2 µL de ADN extraído, obteniendo la concentración de ADN y las ratios de absorbancia con los parámetros de 260/230 y 260/280. Con el método de extracción de ADN modificado y estandarizado se obtuvieron suficientes concentraciones de ADN, que van de 21,05 a 214,70 ng/µL. Se ha estandarizado un protocolo sencillo y barato para la extracción de ADN genómico a partir de muestras de quesos de cualquier tiempo de maduración que puede ser utilizado en posteriores análisis genómicos.
Efecto de la alimentación con pellets de diferentes tamaños de partículas y tipos de alojamiento sobre el rendimiento de crecimiento y el perfil sanguíneo de pollitas de las semanas 4 a 12
Authors: Opowoye I.O. , Aderibigbe O.B. , Sogunle O.M. , Adeyemo A.A. , Abiona J.A.
Published: December 2024

Doscientos cuarenta pollitos de pollitas de un día de edad fueron asignados aleatoriamente a 4 grupos de tratamiento dispuestos en un diseño experimental factorial 2x2 de un diseño completamente aleatorizado para evaluar los efectos de la alimentación con pellets de diferentes tamaños de partícula (≤ fina de 1 mm y ≤ gruesa de 2 mm) sobre el rendimiento de crecimiento, la hematología y los parámetros bioquímicos séricos de pollitos de pollitas en dos tipos de alojamiento (jaula en batería y cama profunda) durante un período de 56 días (4-12 semanas). Cada tratamiento se replicó tres veces con 20 aves por réplica. En los efectos principales, las formas de alimento no tuvieron una influencia significativa (p>0.05) en el rendimiento del crecimiento, pero los tipos de alojamiento influyeron significativamente (p
Caracterización morfológica de la gallina de campo en la provincia de orellana
Authors: Ramón M.R. , Díaz H. , Maldonado D.F. , Delgado J.V. , Navas F.J. , Toalombo P.A.
Published: December 2024

En la provincia de Orellana - región Amazónica del Ecuador, se caracterizó la gallina de campo, mediante el análisis de 17 variables morfométricas, y 8 variables fanerópticas, en una muestra de 100 animales de cuatro cantones (Loreto, Sacha, Aguarico y Puerto Francisco de Orellana), los datos obtenidos fueron sometidos a estadística descriptiva, mediante el paquete estadístico SPSS Statistics 25. De acuerdo a los resultados la gallina de campo en Orellana presenta en promedio las siguientes medidas morfológicas peso vivo (2,84kg); longitud de cabeza(6,45 cm); anchura de cabeza (3,7cm); longitud de orejillas (2,28cm); ancho de orejillas (0,34cm); longitud de cresta (4,95cm); ancho de cresta (0,72cm); longitud de pico (3,91cm); longitud del cuello (14,1cm); longitud dorsal (24,74cm); longitud ventral (26,78cm); anchura femoroilioisquiatico (10,08cm); perímetro de tórax (37,79cm); longitud de ala (23,95cm); longitud de ala proximal (11,5cm); longitud de ala media (9,41cm); longitud de ala distal (7,61cm); longitud de muslo (11,69cm); longitud de pierna (13,63cm); circunferencia de pierna (13,29cm); longitud de caña (8,05cm); longitud de dedo medio (6,19cm); longitud de espolón (0,77cm); en cuantos a las variables fanerópticas, el 88% de las gallinas presentan piel color blanco, 92% cresta simple, y ausencia de plumas en los tarsos, 76% color pico amarillo, por lo que las gallinas criollas de la provincia de Orellana son poblaciones heterogéneas con gran variabilidad. Por lo que se recomienda profundizar en el estudio en cada Cantón para obtener más información de las características morfológicas para fortalecer el trabajo pecuario sostenible y sustentable del valioso material genético.
Descripción del entorno social de los bovinos criollos y sus características morfométrica y fanerópticas en condiciones del litoral ecuatoriano
Authors: Chávez-García D. , Andrade-Yucailla V. , Quevedo-Pinos N. , Acosta-Lozano N. , Duque-Chávez B.
Published: December 2024

Se describió el entorno social de los bovinos criollos en cuatro parroquias productivas de la Península de Santa Elena. Se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas a 216 productores para obtener una descripción del sistema de producción y su entorno social, se realizó una caracterización morfométrica y fanerópticas a 348 bovinos adultos entre hembras y machos. Los datos se analizaron usando una estadística descriptiva. Como resultados se evidencio que la mayoría de los ganaderos tienen un nivel de educación primaria, esta actividad la realizan los hombres, teniendo entre 1-50 bovinos con el 93%, realizan libre pastoreo, el 65% realizan desparasitación y 98% vacuna contra la fiebre aftosa por ser obligatoria, no cuentan con asistencia profesional. En el litoral predominan los bovinos de color bayo con cuerno de forma cornalón y ontoceros de color negro, con pelos cortos, perfil fronto-nasal recto, morro y pezuñas negras, orejas caídas, los valores promedios de las variables morfométricas mayoritariamente no presentaron significación excepto en las variables para hembras y machos ACR 127,3 - 8,6 y 129,7 - 69,4 para los índices zoométricos son animales medianos mesolíneos en machos y longilíneos en hembras, dolicéfalicos. Se concluye que no existe dimorfismo sexual y que las medidas corporales difieren entre otras poblaciones de la costa ecuatoriana.