bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação da área nuclear de células da camada basal de epitélio normal, de lesão cancerizável e de carcinoma epidermóide
Authors: Gedoz Luhana , Luce Bohrer Paula , Soares Pinto Tatiana Andrea , Varvaki Rados Pantelis
Published: June 2020

Técnicas microscópicas quantitativas permitem obterem-se informações específicas na avaliação dos parâmetros microscópicos. Estas técnicas podem ser utilizadas em estudos de lesões com potencial de transformação maligna como um importante marcador prognóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi, através de uma análise morfométrica, avaliar a área nuclear das células da camada basal de lesões cancerizáveis com diagnóstico histopatológico de hiperceratose com acantose. Foram utilizados como controle epitélio normal e carcinoma epidermóide. Para tal, selecionaram-se 10 casos com diagnóstico histopatológico de hiperceratose com acantose e 10 casos de carcinoma epidermóide registrados no Laboratório de Patologia Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRGS e incluídos em blocos de parafina. Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 3 campos nas lâminas de hiperceratose com acantose, 3 campos na área central do tumor e 3 campos na área de epitélio normal adjacente ao tumor. A mensuração da área nuclear das células foi realizada através de um sistema computadorizado de processamento e Análise de Imagens (IMAGELAB®). Os resultados obtidos através do teste ANOVA mostraram que as áreas nucleares dos grupos de hiperceratose com acantose e epitélio normal não diferem entre si estatisticamente. Observou-se, ainda, que a área nuclear no grupo do carcinoma epidermóide é maior que nos demais grupos, indicando que as técnicas de quantificação morfológica apresentaram o valor prognóstico estabelecido em nosso estudo.
Fascite nodular: relato de caso clínico com estudo imunohistoquímico
Authors: Varvaki Rados Pantelis , Sant'Ana Filho Manoel , Da Silva Lauxen Isabel , Batista Burzlaff João , Coelho Carrard Vinicius
Published: June 2020

A fascite nodular é uma lesão benigna de células fusiformes que freqüentemente é confundida com lesões malignas. O relato do caso clínico coincide com os aspectos clínicos, microscópicos e imunohistoquímicos. Os autores salientam que a definição do diagnóstico desta lesão deve ser realizado a partir de suas características microscópicas que orientam a definição do painel imunohistoquímico.
Influência do tratamento com EDTA no embricamento de dois cimentos à base de resina às paredes dos canais radiculares
Authors: Azevedo Salles Alexandre , Vianna Freitas Fachin Elaine
Published: June 2020

Avaliou-se in vitro através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura, a interface de dois cimentos à base de resina epóxi e as paredes do canal radicular. Variou-se a irrigação final, utilizando-se somente Hipoclorito de sódio a 1% ou EDTA 17% seguido pelo mesmo Hipoclorito de sódio a 1%. 0 cimento AH PLUS, com EDTA, apresentou melhor desempenho quanto à penetração nos túbulos destinatários, seguido pelo SEALER 26 nas mesmas condições. Os dois cimentos tiveram desempenho inferior na presença do magma destinatário.
Desafíos de las naciones unidas frente al covid-19
Authors: Horna Angel V.
Published: June 2020

El artículo examina algunos de los desafíos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas tras el brote de la pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19). Dichos desafíos van desde la renovación del multilateralismo hasta la posible reforma de la Organización, pasando por la necesidad de superar la inacción del Consejo de Seguridad, así como de garantizar el pleno respeto a los derechos humanos en tiempos de pandemia.
Læraren i skulefolkets stordomstid: Om ein einskild lærar sitt forhold til presten og til skuledemokratiet
Authors: Hatlebrekke Kristin
Published: June 2020

Slutten på 1800-talet vert ofte karakterisert som skulefolkets stordomstid og folkeskulelærarane sin gullalder. Særleg har lærarane på bygdene i etterkant fått titlar som periferiens nasjonsbyggarar, bygdehovdingar og bygdematadorar, merkelappar som kan leie tanken i retning høg status. Som følgje av dette trur ein gjerne at dei hadde lett spel når det kom til kven som skulle ha autoritet i klasseromet. Med utgangspunkt i dagbøker frå ein lærar i ei lita bygd drøfter denne artikkelen kor lett dette eigentleg var i ei tid då det var store spenningar i samfunnet, og då fleire enn lærarane fekk auka sjølvmedvit.
Levd hverdagsreligion
Authors: Kleive Hildegunn Valen
Published: June 2020

Denne artikkelen gir en innføring i perspektivet levd hverdagsreligion. I tillegg tematiseres perspektivets forhold til begrepet «folkelig religion» og tilnærmingens relevans for skolens religionsundervisning. I perspektivet levd hverdagsreligion inkluderes og vektlegges vanlige folks religiøse praksiser og erfaringer, som er både kroppslige, materielle og diskursive. Disse er lokalisert både i og utenfor religiøse organisasjoner og institusjoner. Perspektivet er preget av funksjonelle forståelser av religion, og forskningen på fenomenet er kjennetegnet av et sterkt innslag av etnografiske metoder. Artikkelen drøfter hvordan denne tilnærmingen til religion kan kaste lys over større samfunnsstrukturer, sosiale prosesser og bias i forskningen. Interessen for levd hverdagsreligion har vokst fram i flere fag, selv om bidrag fra religionssosiologien særlig framheves i denne artikkelen.
Vekking og modernitet: Nokre kulturanalytiske merknader
Authors: Aadnanes Per M.
Published: June 2020

Dei pietistisk prega vekkingane landet vårt har opplevd dei siste par hundreåra, vitaliserte ei religiøs førestillingsverd det ikkje var lett å sameina med dei oppfatningane av verda og tilværet som moderniteten favoriserte. Det er såleis ikkje uvanleg å meina at desse vekkingane fremja ei forakt for fornuft og vitskap, og at dei dermed eigentleg fungerte som bremseklossar på moderniseringa. I denne artikkelen blir det likevel argumentert for ei meir nyansert oppfatning, nemleg at vekkingane trass alt var uttrykk for sentrale moderne idear, ideal og haldningar, og at dei i kraft av dette faktisk også fekk vera viktige moderniseringsaktørar. Det paradoksale er då at dei med dette likevel bidrog til den sekulariseringa som på det næraste har fjerna den tradisjonelle religiøse førestillingsverda deira frå samtidskulturen. Og det reiser spørsmålet om ikkje dette slaget vekkingar no har mista fotfestet sitt for godt.
Kristen eller kristeleg? Fjordingar mellom kyrkje og bedehus
Authors: Aagedal Olaf
Published: June 2020

Det finst ulike måtar å vere kristen på i Noreg, og ulike namn på desse måtane. Skilje mellom «omvendingskristendom» og «oppsedingskristendom» har prega det religiøse livet i Noreg og ofte skapt sterke spenningar og konfliktar. Korleis har dette skiljet prega Nordvestlandet samanlikna med andre landsdelar? Finn ein her døme på meir fredeleg sameksistens mellom desse kristendomsformene?
Vestlandsk kyrkjesyn: Med Johs. Solem som orienteringspunkt
Authors: Ulstein Jan Ove
Published: June 2020

Artikkelen undersøkjer synet på forsamlinga i lekmannsrørsla på Vestlandet. Med indremisjonshovdingen Johs. Solem som dreiepunkt vil artikkelen vise korleis han og andre oppfatta vennesamfunnet på bedehuset som sjølve «menigheten». Utgangspunktet er 1890-talet, men med framhald heilt fram til våre dagar. Det er historia om korleis ei vekkingsrørsle etablerer eit radikalt sjølvstende overfor statskyrkja, basert på teologien omkring det allmenne prestedømet. Artikkelen drøftar korleis idealet om vennesamfunnet får sine utfordringar under vekslande kontekstar, med kyrkje- og forsamlingsdanning, med spørsmål om kvinner også kan ha alle tenester i det allmenne prestedømet. Kan ein i ei bedehusforsamling tenkje seg det allmenne forstandardømet? Om ikkje – kva røper det om synet på det allmenne prestedømet?
THE INFLUENCE OF E-TRUST, USER’S EXPERIENCES, AND BRAND EQUITY ON GEN Z FEMALE CUSTOMERS E-LOYALTY TOWARDS IMPORTED COSMETICS BRANDS THROUGH CUSTOMERS E-SATISFACTION
Authors: Susanto Annie , Handayani Retno Tri
Published: June 2020

In this era, globalization as well as the emergence of technology has led to online shopping trend especially among Generation Z who could not be separated from technology. This trend has also created an open market for countries to distribute their products. In any online businesses, e-loyalty and e-trust have been some of the important issues that might create obstacles on having long-term profits because lack of/low customer loyalty. Therefore, this study aimed at analysing and finding the influence of E-Trust, User’s Experiences, and Brand Equity on Gen Z female Customers’ E-Loyalty towards imported cosmetics brands through Customers’ E-Satisfaction. The population of this study was Gen Z female community in Indonesia with the samples of 200 respondents taken by non-probability sampling technique. The qualitative method used in this study was supported by the data collection through questionnaires spread in three areas; Central Java, West Java and outside Java. The data analysis method used was multiple linear regression analysis. The result showed that E-Trust in this study did not have a positive effect on Customers’ E-satisfaction while User’s Experiences and Brand Equity had positive effects on Customers’ E-Satisfaction. Other than that, Customers’ E-Satisfactions did not mediate the influence of E-Trust, User’s Experiences and Brand Equity on Customers’ Loyalty.
TEKANAN EKONOMI, INTERAKSI ORANG TUA-REMAJA, DAN PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL EMOSI REMAJA
Authors: Fatimah Rina , Sunarti Euis , Hastuti Dwi
Published: June 2020

Capaian perkembangan sosial emosi sangat penting bagi remaja dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Capaian perkembangan sosial emosi dapat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas interaksi orang tua-remaja dan tekanan ekonomi keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tekanan ekonomi dan interaksi orang tua-remaja terhadap perkembangan sosial emosi remaja pada keluarga yang tinggal di Rusunawa Jatinegara Barat. Contoh penelitian yakni keluarga yang memiliki anak remaja dengan rentang usia 13 sampai 18 tahun dengan teknik penarikan contoh secara disproportional random sampling berjumlah 120 keluarga terdiri dari 60 keluarga dengan anak remaja laki-laki dan 60 keluarga remaja perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tekanan ekonomi objektif, lebih dari separuh ayah remaja laki-laki dan remaja perempuan memilki status pekerjaan tidak tetap. Rataan indeks tekanan ekonomi subjektif keluarga remaja laki-laki sebesar 31,92 dan keluarga remaja perempuan sebesar 33,70. Dimensi penerimaan ibu dan ayah memiliki rataan skor tertinggi pada interaksi orang tua-remaja. Dimensi ekspresi emosi dan ekspresi sosial memiliki rataan skor tertinggi pada perkembangan sosial emosi remaja. Pendapatan perkapita keluarga dan dimensi penerimaan ayah interaksi ayah-remaja berbeda antara keluarga remaja laki-laki dan perempuan. Hasil uji model pengaruh membuktikan bahwa usia remaja dan interaksi ibu-remaja berpengaruh langsung positif pada perkembangan sosial emosi remaja; sementara tekanan ekonomi objektif berpengaruh tidak langsung negatif terhadap perkembangan sosial emosi remaja melalui interaksi ibu-remaja.
MENCIPTAKAN LAYANAN PAUD YANG PRIMA MELALUI PENERAPAN PRAKTIK ACTIVITY BASED COSTING
Authors: Wiyani Novan Ardy
Published: June 2020

Masalah keterbatasan anggaran dalam memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen di lembaga PAUD dapat diatasi dengan menerapkan praktik Activity Based Costing (ABC). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan langkah penerapan praktik ABC sebagai upaya untuk mengoptimalkan penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) di RA Masyithoh. RA Masyithoh dipilih dengan pertimbangan lembaga ini telah menerapkan praktik ABC dalam menciptakan layanan PAUD yang prima. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada lima langkah yang dilakukan dalam menciptakan layanan PAUD yang prima melalui praktik ABC. Pertama, mengidentifikasikan, mendefinisikan, serta mengelompokkan aktivitas. Kedua, melakukan penelusuran secara langsung terhadap aktivitas dan objek biaya. Ketiga, membebankan biaya ke kelompok biaya aktivitas. Keempat, menghitung tarif aktivitas. Kelima, menyusunan laporan. Kelima langkah tersebut mampu menciptakan layanan prima dan meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen dengan indikasi terjadi peningkatan jumlah siswa di setiap tahunnya, anggaran yang dibutuhkan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan PAUD dapat terpenuhi, dan secara kelembagaan RA Masyithoh mengalami perkembangan dengan didirikannya Taman Penitipan Anak dan Kelompok Bermain.
A STEP-LENGTH FORMULA FOR CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHODS
Authors: Ishaq Adam Ajimoti , Latunde Tolulope , Akande Kazeem Babatunde
Published: June 2020

A new step-length formula is proposed for the conjugate gradient methods. The unified formula for obtaining step-length does not involve any matrix operation. Numerical results obtained are graphically illustrated using performance profiling software. This showed that the new formula performs efficiently in terms of computational efforts and execution time compared with some existing formulae for obtaining the step-length without line search procedures.
familias como copias
Authors: Johnson María Cecilia
Published: June 2020

A través de diversos relatos biográficos de usuarias de Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida (TRHA) en la Argentina, se analizan un conjunto de intersecciones sociales que en el campo familiar expresan jerarquías, entendidas como parte de la estratificación reproductiva. Partiendo de relatos de mujeres usuarias de TRHA, se analizan las desigualdades que las identifican como copias frente a un original familiar heterosexual, conyugal y bioconectado y que se expresan en reconocimientos o en estigmas para sus familias.
Fragmentos datilografados: o biografema como escrita de si em Sylvia Plath
Authors: Teixeira Derick Davidson Santos
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho trata das relações entre obra e vida na escrita da poeta norte-americana Sylvia Plath. Dentro da crítica literária de língua inglesa, a poeta é tida, por uma parcela de seus críticos, como representante daquilo que Macha Louis Rosenthal chamou de poesia confessional. Todavia, tal classificação encontra impasses se analisarmos o projeto criativo da poeta e parte de sua fortuna crítica, em especial, as produções críticas mais recentes. Sendo assim, faremos uso da obra poética da autora, em companhia de suas correspondências e diários, cotejando sua escrita com as noções de autobiografia, formulada por Philippe Lejeune, de autoficção, cunhada por Serge Doubrovsky, e de biografema, desenvolvida por Roland Barthes. Nessa via, será possível elaborar uma noção de poética biografemática, isto é, uma escrita de si que faz valer os restos da biografia, os biografemas, em oposição a um discurso confessional.
Bioethanol Production from Corn, Pumpkin and Carrot of Bangladesh as Renewable Source using Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Yesmin M.N. , Azad M.A.K. , Kamruzzaman M. , Uddin M.N.
Published: June 2020

Bangladesh produces a large amount of corn, pumpkin and carrots every year. To meet its huge energy demand and to lessen dependence on traditional fossil fuel these products are cost effective, renewable and abundant source for bioethanol production. The research was aimed to evaluate Bangladeshi corn, rotten carrot and pumpkin for bioethanol production. About 100 g of substrates was mixed with 300 ml distilled water and blended and sterilized. All the experiment was conducted with a temperature of 35oC, pH 6.0 and 20% sugar concentration. For fermentation, 200 ml yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CCD) was added to make the total volume 500 ml. Addition of small amount of 1750 unit α-amylase enzyme to the substrate solution was found to enhance the fermentation process quicker. After 6- days of incubation, corn produced 63.00 ml of ethanol with 13.33 % (v/v) purity. Bioethanol production capacity of two different local varieties of pumpkin (red and black color) was assessed. Red pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima L.) produces 53 ml of ethanol with purity 6 %v/v and black color pumpkin produces 40 ml of yield with a low purity 4 %v/v. Carrot (Daucus carota L.) produces 73.67 ml of ethanol with 12.66 % (v/v) purity.
Supplementation of AQUAGEST® as a Source of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids and Taurine Improved the Growth Performance, Intestinal Histomorphology, and Immune Response of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Fed Low Fish Meal Diets
Authors: Magouz Fawzy I. , Essa Mohamed , Mansour Mohamed , Paray Bilal Ahamad , Van Doan Hien , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: June 2020

Four diets were prepared to include a mixture of medium-chain fatty acids and taurine as a digestive/ metabolic enhancer (DME, AQUAGEST®) at 0, 1, 2, and 3 g DME/kg diet and fed to common carp (initial weight, 4.55±0.03 g) for 70 days. Dietary DME significantly increased the final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, and protein efficiency and decreased feed conversion ratio in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The body lipid composition was significantly improved by feeding DME at 2 g/kg diet (P=0.0141). The intestine villus length and the number of goblet cells were significantly increased in fish fed 2 g DME/kg diet (P<0.05). The intestinal villi displayed increased length, branching, and density by supplementing DME to common carp diets. Fish fed DME at 2 g/kg diet displayed markedly decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT ) (P=0.025 and P=0.043) and increased total protein and globulin (P =0.002 and P=0.003). Additionally, fish fed 2 and 3 g DME/kg levels displayed significantly increased albumin levels (P=0.006). Lysozyme and phagocytic activities were increased by feeding DME at 2 g/kg diet, while the phagocytic index increased by 2 and 3 g/kg diet (P<0.05). The optimal supplementation level of DME is 1.63 to 2.05 g/kg for common carp based on the polynomial regression analysis. In conclusion, common carp fed diets with a mixture of medium-chain fatty acids and taurine displayed improved growth, digestion activity, and immune response.
The nature and meaning of the Directive 2013/34/EU on financial statements according to the CJ EU
Authors: Kenyon MacGregor Robert , MacGregor Pelikánová Radka
Published: June 2020

The Directive 2013/34/EU is a fundamental part of European Union (EU) legislation harmonising the regime of financial and non-financial reporting throughout the entire EU, including reporting about corporate social responsibility (CSR). Inasmuch as its transposition deadline expired in 2015, it is possible and also highly elucidating to holistically study its nature and actual transposition. A related literature summing up, accompanied with a legislation and transposition review compiled via the EUR-Lex database, makes for a solid foundation for a holistic and critical exploration of the related case law of the ultimate judicial authority for the interpretation and application of the Directive 2013/34/EU, namely the Court of Justice of the EU (CJ EU). Researching this case law within the Curia database brings forth an interesting meta-analysis, refreshed by Socratic questioning, which reveals the approach of the CJ EU to the Directive 2013/34/EU. The hypothesis suggests that this case law of the CJ EU offers valuable and as-yet hitherto-neglected indices, signifiers about the EU conforming to the perception of the nature and meaning of the Directive 2013/34/EU. These indices could be pivotal for further improvement of the harmonized regime of financial and non-financial reporting, for the boosting of CSR and also for supporting European integration and its legitimacy.
Indicator Analysis of Security Risk for Electronic Systems Used to Protect Field Command Posts of Army Groupings
Authors: Paś Jacek , Jakubowski Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

The article presents a method for determining the security risk indicator for electronic systems that are used to secure field command posts (FCP). Security of FCP of army groupings is a property of the process they carry out which is related to the tasks and functions performed, the human, hardware and environment components. Determining the security risk indicator for FCPs with different organizational structures will allow optimal organization of integrated electronic security systems, including: selection of these devices, their configuration, project implementation and optimal implementation of technical structures, which should also take into account reliability and operational aspects.
Application of Infrared Spectrometry in Studying Fuels and Biofules for Aircraft Turbine Engines
Authors: Łosiewicz Marzena
Published: June 2020

The research paper presents hydrocarbon biocomponents approved for use in aircraft turbine engines. The properties of these biocomponents are governed by ASTM D 7566 standard. One of the new issues regarding the utilization of fuels for aircraft turbine engines is the identification of non-petroleum elements, including hydrocarbon biocom-ponents. This article proposes applying infrared spectrometry as a technique for in-strumental analysis, which enables quick and qualitative identification of a used hydro-carbon biocomponent. Differences in the infrared spectrum between the mineral fuel and used fuel biocomponent were indicated based on the conducted preliminary tests.
Ecological and Functional Aspects of Operation of Electric Vehicles With Fuel Cell
Authors: Gis Wojciech
Published: June 2020

Hydrogen can have great importance in seven areas of necessary changes in the transformation of the power system, including transport (especially motor transport), industrial processes, thermal and energy production in the construction industry and production processes. Hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) do not cause local air pollution because they have zero “tailpipe” emissions. Essential are ecological and func-tional aspects of operating vehicles equipped with fuel cells. However, noteworthy is also the development of the refilling infrastructure. The functionality of FCEVs to a considerable degree depends on the functionality of fuel cells.
The Historically Changing Notion of (Female Bodily) Proportion and Its Relevance to Literature
Authors: Yokota-Murakami Takayuki
Published: June 2020

Futabatei Shimei (1864-1909) was an early modern Japanese novelist, translator, and critic. He wrote what is now generally conceived of as the first Japanese ‘modern’ novel, Drifting Clouds (1887-89). He translated works by Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy, Garshin, Gorky, and others. He also published a number of critical essays, treatises on literary theory, political papers, and so forth. His early translation of Turgenev’s short stories: Aibiki (Rendevous, 1888) and Meguriai (Three Trysts, 1889) were extremely influential on the contemporary literati, who were amazed at the fresh, poetic prose used in stark contrast to the traditional Japanese fiction in the pre-Reformation period. These translations, seen in the light of the present-day readers, were unique in what we might term today ‘foreignizing translation’. Lawrence Venuti in Invisibility of the Translator argues that the ideal of (English) translation has been to conceal itself as a translation, i.e. to present itself as an original text (chap I and passim). In that sense, Futabatei’s translations, scandalously presenting itself as a translation, that is to say, as an alien text, is extremely ‘foreignizing’.
The Doctrine of the Resurrection of the Body in the Theological Thought of Thomas Burnet
Authors: Simuţ Ciprian
Published: June 2020

The issue of the resurrection of the body has given rise to a plethora of interpretations. There is a natural need to clarify such issues, since there cannot be a separation between faith in Christ and the resurrection of the body. The two go hand in hand, because one cannot go without the other. In the context of debates spawned by the need to understand, Thomas Burnet seems like a study theologian and a clean hearted man, who wrote for the neighbour, and who managed to offer a detailed map of the resurrection the body. The essay will point to the main aspects of the Burnet’s theology on the resurrection of the body, in a rather descriptive manner. It will also refer to other writers, who tackled the same issues, as a means to show the depth of Burnet’s perspective.
The importance of cancers prophylaxis among women
Authors: Pabiś Małgorzata , Augustowska-Kruszyńska Kinga , Kozicka Weronika , Kułaczkowska Kamila , Kuzioła Diana
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Late detected breast and cervical cancer are two of the most dangerous cancers due to the therapeutic possibilities and high mortality rate of women. Conducted scientific research, prevention programs and social campaigns do not contribute to changes in the attitudes of Polish women who, do not report for examinations and thus, preclude the possibility of early diagnosis.

Aim. The aim of the study is to analyze epidemiological data on the occurrence of cancer in women in Poland and to draw attention to the importance of prevention in this area.

Material and methods. For epidemiological analyzes, data from the National Cancer Registry, the Central Statistical Office and the Supreme Medical Chamber from the years 2014-2018 were prepared using descriptive methods.

Discussion. Every year the number of cancer deaths increases (SAO, 2018). Prevention, despite financing from the state budget, did not bring the intended goal. More than half of the surveyed men claimed that women after mastectomy lose their attractiveness and those men would not start a new relationship with such women. Despite the fact that permanent, long-term partners accept the appearance of their partner after mastectomy, women are ashamed of their sexuality, what has its consequence in problems in the relationship or even the end of this relationship.

Conclusions. 1) Insufficient number of specialists in the field of oncology results in the fact that not every patient has a chance to be early diagnosed and to early start the treatment. 2) Regular examinations may contribute to a decrease in deaths caused by two most dangerous female cancers. 3) Diagnosis of breast cancer, cervical cancer and its effects have a negative impact on the psyche of women, especially on the perception of their femininity. In relationships in which there was a strong emotional bond before the woman’s disease, an improvement in sexual life was noted. Important factors affecting such relationship are: self-acceptance of a woman and her sense of attractiveness. 4) Large financial expenditures on preventive programs do not guarantee an increase in the detection of tumors nor a decrease in the number of deaths.
Analysis of issues related to spinal pain syndromes in professionally active nurses
Authors: Jakubowska Klaudia , Nalepa Dorota , Kula Patrycja , Chruściel Paweł , Kościołek Aneta , Dzyr Paweł
Published: June 2020

Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the assessment of issues related to the occurrence of spinal pain in professionally active nurses.

Material and methods. The study group consisted of 145 nurses. The diagnostic survey method was used in the study using a questionnaire technique. The research tool was the original questionnaire (sociodemographic data and questions about opinions on the occurrence of spinal pain). The NRS scale was also used in the study.

Results. The vast majority (99%, n=143) of respondents declared that they felt spinal pains. The largest group indicated that the most common location of pain was the lumbar spine (56.55%, n=82). It was shown that there is a statistically significant relationship between the use of sick leave and the intensity of the pain (χ2=24.101, p<0.05) and the subjective perception of the degree of disability (χ2=35.8300, p<0.05). A significant statistical relation between the place of work and the section of the spine most frequently affected by pain (χ2=12.719, p<0.05) was demonstrated.

Conclusions. The work as a nurse contributes to the occurrence of spinal pain. There is a connection between the place of work and the occurrence of pain syndromes. Spinal pain contributed to absence from work. Seniority at work has an impact on the occurrence of spinal pain. Nursing staff has knowledge about spinal saving techniques. The occurrence of spinal pain syndromes affects the functioning in everyday life.
Knowledge about post-exposure proceedings of the operating block nurses
Authors: Tomaszewska Katarzyna , Szpila Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

Introduction. Occurrence of occupational exposure is a current problem among medical personnel. Nurses are considered to be a special occupational group exposed to risk of infection with pathogenic microorganisms. An important element of prevention is raising the workers’ knowledge and awareness in the field of occupational hazards and the possibilities of their reduction. Staff education, knowledge of infection prevention methods, and knowledge of safe procedures can reduce the number of exposures to biological material or, if they occur, limit the health consequences.

Aim. The aim of the research was to assess the knowledge of nurses employed on the operating block on the risk of occupational exposure and post-exposure proceedings.

Material and methods. The research after obtaining the consent of the Bioethical Commission was carried out at the turn of 2017 and 2018 in a group of 100 anesthesia nurses employed on operating blocks of two hospitals in the Podkarpackie Voivodeship. The author’s questionnaire was used for the research. Obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis, in which the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the correlation of Spearman’s rank order were used. During the statistical verification of the collected material, p<0.05 was assumed as the level of significance of the obtained results.

Results and conclusions. The examined anesthesia nurses had knowledge about post-exposure procedures at a very good level (the average number of correct answers in the conducted test of knowledge was 14.41 out of 18, which constituted 80.06% of correct answers). The level of knowledge of the examined nurses was not dependent on such factors as: seniority, education, postgraduate education, training during the adaptation period on the operating block, adherence to epidemiological procedures, work on the post in which the procedure for occupational exposure is implemented and followed. The age of the nurses significantly influenced their level of knowledge.
Correlations Between Red Blood Cells’ Variables, Cardio-Pysiological and Anthropological Variables in Young Athletes
Authors: Gligoroska Jasmina Pluncevic , Dejanova Sandra , Plavsic Jadranka , Manchevska Sanja
Published: June 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine and analyse the relations between anthropometric parameters, red blood cells’ (RBC) variables and cardio-physiological parameters in healthy and physically active children and adolescents.

Material and Methods: In this study 625 subjects, (410 males and 215 females; age span 8 to 18 years) underwent body composition analysis (Matiegka method), blood analysis and ergometry testing (Bruce protocol).

Results: In both groups, body height and weight were positively correlated with RBC variables. In female group almost all correlations between RBC variables and body components were insignificant. In boys all absolute body mass components showed positive correlations with RBC variables with notice that body fat mass had lowest correlation coefficient. Body fat percent (BF %) did not show any correlation with RBC variables in both gender groups. In boys BF % had moderate negative correlation with aerobic performance: exercise time (ET) and VO2max (rs = -0.41 and rs = -0.39). Lean body components showed weak positive correlations with ET and VO2max. RBC count did not show significant correlation with any cardio-physiological parameter in both groups. Haematocrit and haemoglobin showed weak positive correlations with VO2 max and general endurance (exercise time). In girls all correlations between cardio-physiological and RBC variables were insignificant. The relationship between all body components and all cardio-physiological variables in girls were statistically insignificant.

Conclusions: Our findings revealed that there are some expected positive correlations between lean body mass components, aerobic performance and RBC variables in boys, while in girls such relations were not noticed.
Evaluation of PRF Efficiency in the Treatment of Infrabony Defects
Authors: Milutinovic Jana , Popovska Mirjana , Rusevska Biljana , Nacevski Milan , Anastasovski Stefan , Ivanоvska-Stojanoska Marija
Published: June 2020

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of PRF in the treatment of infrabony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis by evaluating the clinical outcome through periodontal depth, clinical attachment level at the baseline, 6 and 9 months post operatively.

Material and Methods: Sixty infrabony defects with probing depth ≥ 5 mm were treated. The inclusion criterion was the necessity for surgical bilateral maxillary treatment. By using split-mouth study design, each patient had one side treated with conventional flap surgery and the other side with conventional flap surgery and PRF. Clinical parameters, such as probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment lost (CAL), were recorded in both groups at baseline, 6 and 9 months post operatively.

Results: Positive effects for all clinical and radiographic parameters were evident in the group with PRF. Mean PD reduction demonstrated statistically significant greater results in the test group (4.00±1.07 mm) compared to the control one (4.83±0.99 mm), p = 0.003 after 9 months postoperatively. After 9 months, there were better results in the test group compared to the control group for CAL (5.60±1.61 mm, 6.20±1.58 mm), but statistically not significant.

Conclusion: Additional use of PRF in the conventional surgical treatment of infrabony defects demonstrated better parameters than the open flap debridement alone.
Determination of Residual Volume as Indicator of the Respiratory Function of Divers
Authors: Vasile Monica , Adumitresi Cecilia , Chiripuci Nicușor
Published: June 2020

University “Ovidius” of Constanța, Faculty of Medicine, in collaboration with the Diving Center, has conducted several research studies regarding the evolution of the vital functions of divers in the hyperbaric environment. Their breathing is constantly adapting to withstand the physiological changes. Reducing the residual volume of the lungs is an essential parameter for improving respiratory function in the event of increased physical effort. The residual volume cannot be determined by spirometry. The medical researchers and engineers developed an original test plan and verified the residual volume of the subjects, by experimental determinations on groups of divers, during simulated diving, with air, at 18 m, in the Hyperbaric Complex of the Diving Center. The study is useful in the prevention of occupational diseases specific to divers and in knowing their limits of adaptation to the hyperbaric environment.
Spillover effects of unconventional monetary policy on capital markets in the shadow of the Eurozone: A sample of non-Eurozone countries
Authors: Mészáros Mercédesz , Kiss Gábor Dávid
Published: June 2020

The transmission mechanism has been dominated by direct monetary measures since the crisis of 2008. While the indirect impacts of the unconventional monetary instruments have not been fully explored yet. Monetary policy and funding conditions determine pricing sentiments for bond, stock and currency markets, represented by the volatilities of their main indicators: stock market indices, exchange rates, and yield premia. Our theoretical model takes spillover effects into account when it determines the variables which are responsible for volatility: the activities of international financial institutions (like the ESM or the IMF) are represented by dummy variables, while the limited autonomy in the shadow of the ECB is captured through gravity-like approaches. Six EU member states outside the Eurozone and Switzerland were analysed between 2007 and 2019 with random effect panel regression models to identify the differences in the impact of spillover effects on capital market volatilities. The results obtained are considered to be useful in mapping the potential effects of continuing monetary easing in the near future.
Impact of selected determinants on the financial structure of the mining companies in the selected countries
Authors: Škuláňová Nicole
Published: June 2020

Investigating the effects on the capital structure has been a widely debated topic for over a century. There are countless studies on this subject today. However, there is still a need to test more samples of companies, as the confirmation or rebuttal of assumptions depends on the industry, country, and size of the selected company. This research deals with the impact of five selected determinants – profitability, asset structure, non-debt tax shield, GDP growth rate, inflation, on the total, long-term and short-term debt of mining companies from eleven selected economies – eight countries from Central and Eastern Europe and three industry leaders from non-European countries. The analysis of data obtained from Orbis and the World Bank database covers the period 2009–2017. Correlation analysis and GMM methods are used to detect the dependencies of variables. Many countries show some links to selected types of debt. Some of these links are in line with the input assumptions, some unfortunately not.
Divestment of State-Owned Enterprises and Competition in Oil & Gas Sectors in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Ha T. , Turksen Umut
Published: June 2020

In its endeavour to attract foreign investment inflows and realise the diversity and security of its energy supply, Vietnam has set out short, medium and long term strategies which have been articulated in a number of legal instruments. These developments include the drive and acceleration of divestment and liberalisation of the energy market and ensuring healthy competition therein. This article provides a critical analysis of the current divestment of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Vietnam’s oil and gas sectors. In doing so, it also assesses current state of affairs against the key principles and objectives of competition law. After providing a brief summary of the milestones in the oil and gas sector, the article explains the equitisation in and privatization of SOEs and critiques the implications of these practices against the benchmarks of competition law provisions. After identifying the current problems and future challenges that lie ahead, it provides a number of constructive recommendations for policy development and legal reform.
Assessing Vietnam’s Environmental Laws and Direction for Improvement
Authors: Tín Võ Trung
Published: June 2020

Environmental protection has gotten much attention and been prioritized in policy making for economic – social development of countries around the world, including Vietnam. The policies have been gradually institutionalized into law. Environmental Protection Law comes into existence in Vietnam as in other developing countries, which could be affirmed as the latest legal field. Before Environmental Protection Law was issued as an independent legal document by the National Assembly, other environmental regulations in Vietnam covered some aspects of environmental protection to meet management need without targeting the protection of environmental factors. Environment or environment-related regulations have been found in many separate legal documents. In order to meet the growing demand for integration, Vietnam needs to continue to reform environmental regulations. The paper analyzes the Vietnamese environmental regulations and practical implementation, thereby giving some suggestions.
Environmental Pollution Control in Singapore: The Intersection of Torts, Statutes, Regulations and Community Norms
Authors: Yew Gary Chan Kok
Published: June 2020

Singapore is a land-scarce, densely populated, urbanized and technology-driven society. Despite her image as a clean and green environment, serious challenges remain to keep environmental pollution at bay. Both private and public laws, whether based on statutes or common law, as well as a host of regulations and community norms collectively regulate environmental pollution in Singapore. Statutory provisions targeting environmental pollution rely on criminal punishment, administrative measures and also compensatory damages awarded to victims in the event of breaches of specified statutory duties. The Environmental Pollution Control Act 1999, together with the implementing subsidiary legislation, seeks to minimise or mitigate the effects of air, water and noise pollution. Government agencies adopt preventive, monitoring and/or enforcement measures backed by a plethora of statutes, regulations, international standards relating to environmental pollution. More recently, the enforcement of environmental pollution measures have extended, with the enactment of the Transboundary Haze Pollution Act 2014, to combatting environmental pollution arising from the region. Further, the common law torts of nuisance, negligence and the rule in Rylands v Fletcher exist at common law to compensate the victims for the loss suffered arising from activities resulting in environmental pollution. The goals of enhancing environmental consciousness through public education and community efforts have also been emphasised in Singapore. Nevertheless, community mediation efforts have been supplemented by the establishment of Community Disputes Resolution Tribunals to deal with complaints by neighbours of smoke, smells, and littering in the vicinity of the complainants’ place of residence.
Level of Coastal Protection Damage and Priority of Handling (Case Study of Alue Naga – Neuheun, Aceh Besar, Indonesia)
Authors: Mauluddin Syahrul , Meilianda Ella , Syamsidik Syamsidik
Published: June 2020

The massive tsunami of December 26, 2004 has had a huge impact on the life of the coastal region. The effects of the tsunami caused damage to occupation settlements, loss of waterside land and destruction of marine biota ecosystems. The coastal region of Aceh Province in Indonesia is the area that has the worst impact followed by the State of Malaysia, Thailand and as a coastal area of India. As a result of a large amount of coastal land experiencing a loss of land mass, erosion is very significant. As a step towards handling coastal areas from greater erosion prevention, the Government of Indonesia in 2005 adopted a policy of handling rehabilitation and reconstruction through the ANTERP (Aceh Nias Tsunami and Earthquake Response Program) program under the BRR (Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Agency) in collaboration with Ministry of Public Work. One of the steps to handling erosion is to protect the coast using the hard structure method such as the construction of a revetment and jetty made from rock armor. This study aims to assess the level of damage and priority of handling of coastal protective structures that have been built in 2009, 2016 and how changes in shoreline occur on the beach location of Alue Naga - Neuheun, which is a coastal area that was greatly affected by the tsunami. Assessments were carried out in three different coastal structures, namely CS-1 locations in the Alue Naga area, CS-2, Lambada Lhok coastal area and CS-3 Neuheun beach area. Guidelines for assessing structure damage and changes in shoreline in the study using the Ministry of Public Work Regulation No. 08/SE/M/2010. The rate of change in shoreline is obtained through computational calculations of the DSAS (Digital Shoreline Analysis System) program using the EPR (End Point Rate) method and NSM for change distance (Net Shoreline Movement).
HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS LEARNING POLICY IN K-2013: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Krisna Fransisca Nur'aini
Published: June 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi pengaruh politik dan ekonomi terhadap kebijakan pembelajaran bermuatan HOTS di Kota Bandung dan Yogyakarta. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terpumpun, observasi kelas, dan studi dokumen. Kota Bandung dan Yogyakarta dipilih karena kedua kota tersebut telah melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 revisi 2016. Analisis yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis politik ekonomi, tingkat sektor yang dikembangkan oleh European Commission. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kota Bandung dan Yogyakarta belum memiliki kebijakan khusus terkait pembelajaran bermuatan HOTS dalam implementasi Kurikulum 2013. Namun, Dinas Pendidikan Kota Yogyakarta telah menyelenggarakan pelatihan penyusunan soal HOTS sedangkan Dinas Pendidikan Kota Bandung belum melaksanakan. Meskipun demikian, kedua kota telah merencanakan anggaran untuk pelatihan guru melakukan pembelajaran HOTS di tahun 2018. 

This research aims to elaborate on how politics and economy affecting the policy of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Learning as well as to provide recommendations to support this policy in Bandung and Yogyakarta districts. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews, focus-group discussion,  classroom observations, and desk study as data collection techniques. Bandung and Yogyakarta were selected as cases because they already implemented 2013 Curriculum (version 2016). This study uses the sector analysis for politics and economy developed by the European Commission. The results of this study show that both districts have not yet implemented certain policies in regard to HOTS learning, however, Yogyakarta has trained several teachers in constructing HOTS assessment. Nevertheless, both districts already made financial planning for the training of teachers in HOTS learning in 2018.
MIGRASI AUSTRONESIA PROTOSEJARAH KE PULAU SAMOSIR DAN PERANNYA PADA KEBUDAYAAN DI WILAYAH SEKITARNYA
Authors: Wiradnyana Ketut
Published: June 2020

Samosir Island in the middle of Lake Toba, a central area of Toba Batak culture. Prehistoric cultural aspect that is very prominent in the Batak Toba culture is a megalithic culture in the form of ancestor worship concept, container graves and various shades of decorative patterns. variety of shapes, materials and decorative patterns have in common with shades of megalithic culture in Sulawesi. Based on the cultural pattern that develops and research results in the area of prehistoric Austronesian in the surrounding area indicate that migration to the island of Samosir in the period Austronesian protohistory. The indicated migration of Sulawesi in the early AD. Since the Toba Batak society plays an important role in the cultural assimilation with the surrounding area. it can be determined based on the study of archaeological and ethnographic approach through deductive reasoning eksplanatif.