bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Setting the phase-frequency response of digital filters with finite impulse response regardless of the amplitude-frequency response
Authors: Shakurskiy M.V.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the implementation of a bandpass digital filter with independent adjustment of the phase-frequency response. By adjusting the phase-frequency characteristic we mean changing its angle of inclination, including the inverted form of the phase-frequency characteristic, that is, a negative angle of inclination. This makes it possible to obtain not only a small range of changes in the phase of the output signal in the filter passband, but also different signs of the slope of the phase-frequency characteristic. Carrying out such settings using known methods of implementing digital filters is impossible, since it contradicts physics. The solution to this problem is possible using a two-channel circuit for converting the input signal at multiple frequencies.

The problems of adjusting the phase-frequency characteristic of a digital filter, independent of the amplitude-frequency characteristic, arise when designing digital self-oscillating systems. To fulfill the phase balance condition, it is necessary to eliminate ambiguity between frequencies and phase shifts. The range of changes in the phase-frequency characteristics in the passband should be within 2π. These requirements are met for analog filters, however, for digital filters, phase wrap is determined by the order of the filter. This leads to the fact that within the filter's passband, the phase-frequency characteristic zero can occur many times.

The article presents a structural and mathematical model of a digital filter with an adjustable phase-frequency response, and its simulation was carried out in the MATLAB - Simulink environment. During the operation of the model, the dependences of the signal at the output of the blocks were obtained. Included in the structure of the model and it is shown that the experimental results do not contradict the mathematical model. The simulation result showed the effectiveness of tuning the phase-frequency response. Examples of setting the slope angle of the phase-frequency characteristic for three cases are shown: a small slope angle of the phase-frequency characteristic, zero equivalent phase-frequency characteristic and inverted (atypical) phase-frequency characteristic. Based on the results of the work, conclusions were drawn.
Using the condition of pseudo-nonpolarized spread spectrum signals with polarization coding to stabilize energy losses at the reception
Authors: Liventsev V.V.
Published: February 2025

Problem statement. Nowadays, the problem of enhancing energetic concealment of spread spectrum signals within the conditions of radio-frequency spectrum deficiency is topical. One of the most promising approaches to solving this problem is using the method of polarization coding (PC) of spread spectrum signals. At the same time, the problem of searching the polarization codes which would provide polarization loss 3 dB in input of the receiving path in signal cycle invariantly to the preserving parameter of arbitrary polarization of the receiving antenna, i.e. employing the condition of pseudo-nonpolarization of spread spectrum signals with PC, is crucial.

Objective. To determine the requirements to be satisfied by the alphabetical symbols and code sequences of polarization codes ensuring the condition of pseudo-nonpolarization of spread spectrum signals with PC.

Results. With the use of generalized receiving polarization coefficient we found the requirements to be satisfied by the alphabetical symbols and code sequences of polarization codes ensuring the condition of pseudo-nonpolarization of spread spectrum signals with PC and gave their mechanical and geometrical interpretation. We also looked at the examples of selection of alphabetical symbols for polarization codes with consideration to the found requirements for the alphabets ratios M = 2, 3 and 4.

Practical relevance. The found limitations for the selection of alphabet symbols and polarization codes sequences allow to ensure implementation of polarization loss 3 dB in the receiver in signal cycle at unauthorized reception of polarization discrete-coded spread spectrum signals on arbitrary omnipolarization antenna.
Calculation of a two-layer coaxial waveguide with ohmic losses and functional nodes based on it
Authors: Budaragin R. V. , Salasenko Z. Yu.
Published: February 2025

The article presents the analysis and calculation of a two-layer coaxial waveguide with ohmic losses and functional nodes based on it. Coaxial waveguides are widely used in various fields of radio electronics, telecommunications and microwave technology due to their broadband and simple design. However, when designing such systems, it is necessary to take into account various factors that may affect the operation of waveguides. The most significant of these are ohmic losses. The article provides a theoretical analysis and formulation of the diffraction problem for a two-layer coaxial waveguide. Maxwell's equations, boundary conditions have been considered and dependences for complex wavenumbers on the magnitude of losses have been obtained, which makes it possible to determine the attenuation and propagation velocity of the signal in the waveguide. The solution of the diffraction problem of calculating the coaxial terminal load by cross-section and reduction methods has been presented and the dependence of the VSWR of the device on the imaginary part of the dielectric constant of the ceramic sleeve has been determined.
Modeling nonlinear scattering processes on antennas with a nonlinear load
Authors: Babanov N. Yu. , Lartsov S. V. , Klyuev A. V. , Korsakov A. S. , Korsakov S. S. , Samarin V. P.
Published: February 2025

To determine the amplitude, spatial and frequency properties of nonlinear scattering on antennas with a nonlinear load, it has been proposed to measure or calculate three dependencies: the amplitude characteristic (the dependence of the intensity of the electromagnetic wave scattered on harmonics on the intensity of the irradiating wave of the probing signal) and normalized power radiation patterns of the antenna emitter with a nonlinear load at frequencies of the probing and reply signals. The diagrams are calculated using technical electrodynamics, the amplitude characteristic is calculated using a process model by nonlinear electrical engineering means.
Expansion of the operating range of a phased antenna array by differentiation of the antenna aperture into sub-bands
Authors: Karpukhin S. A.
Published: February 2025

This article describes a phased antenna array with an extended operating range, which allows it to detect and track various aerodynamic targets and which can be used in military equipment. The proposed antenna array manufactured by means of printed technology contains four sections, which are attached to each other by means of slot joint and is equipped with holes at the outer corners of each section. The section is a plate made of glass-textolite, which has eight round flat metal radiators located on a dielectric substrate with a conductive metal screen, which is located on the back side of the section. The excitation of round flat metal radiators is performed by means of pins to which coaxial feeders are docked with coaxial connectors.

The assembly process is carried out in three steps using pressure testing: 1) the first antenna section is connected to the second antenna section by means of a slot connection; 2) the third section is connected to the first and second sections in the following manner that the third section stub is connected to the slot of the first section; 3) the fourth section is inserted into the groove on the right side of the antenna by a protrusion and aligned with the groove of the third section by a progressive movement to the left.

Round flat metal radiators are located along the longitudinal axis of the antenna array with the distance between them vertically and horizontally 0,5 – 0,6 wavelength of the center frequency of the operating range and connected to coaxial feeders.

Phased antenna array assembly is a design that provides immobility of antenna sections in the vertical and horizontal planes, provides a tight fit edges of sections to each other without a gap, which reduces the appearance of spurious signal. The antenna design allows you to get rid of protruding elements and this reduces the interference of side and useful signals. The use of round flat shape radiators in the antenna allows its use on moving carriers and increases the vibration resistance of the structure.

The sections are made of glass-textolite by etching cooper foil over the proctective image, and the protrusions and slots are made by milling.
Morphophysiology of caetê plants under sun exposure and soil textures
Authors: Barbosa Jaqueline Araujo , Ferreira Silvio Douglas , Brito Tauane Santos , Guimarães Vandeir Francisco , Costa Neumarcio Vilanova da
Published: February 2025

Easily found in humid and shady places, Maranta sobolifera has spread in agricultural areas. However, the lack of information on the development of the species in different environments makes it difficult to understand its adaptive capacity. This paper evaluated the morphophysiological changes of M. sobolifera plants to sun exposure and soil textures. In a completely randomized experimental design and split plots, the main plots corresponded to light exposure and the subplots to soil textures. Gas exchange indices, stomatal density, chlorophyll a, b and total contents, macronutrients and dry mass were evaluated. The lower incidence of luminosity increases the photosynthetic rate by an average of 43% and 33% in clayey and sandy soils, respectively. Stomatal density was higher in full sun, while chlorophyll contents a and b were higher in shaded plants. The N and K contents in leaves, stems and roots were higher in shaded plants by up to 37%. The P content in the stem was 69% and 48% higher in plants grown in clayey and sandy soil, respectively. Dry mass was 26% higher in shaded plants compared to plants grown in full sun. In clayey soil, the total dry mass was 42% higher in relation to plants in sandy textured soil. It is concluded that M. sobolifera plants show morphophysiological changes (>stomatal density) that help adapt to full sun. However, under the canopy of agricultural crops, this species can compete intensely for nutrients, especially in clayey soils.
Lecturas ricas y lecturas reductoras en la narración digital de álbumes ilustrados
Authors: Quesada-Padrón Cristina , Díaz-Armas Jesús , Perdomo-López Carmen A. , Mauclair Patricia
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se exponen los resultados de una investigación sobre narraciones en plataformas digitales del álbum ilustrado Hay un oso en el cuarto oscuro, de Helen Cooper (1993). Este álbum cuenta, por una parte, con una interacción palabra-imagen de contradicción o contrapunto, y, por otra, comienza y termina la narración en los márgenes del texto, en los espacios reservados para el peritexto. En esta investigación se estudia cómo mediadores y mediadoras de distintos países, lenguas maternas y formaciones, narraban este libro a través de plataformas digitales. A partir de una muestra de 53 vídeos en español, inglés y catalán se analizaron las estrategias usadas por estos mediadores digitales para mostrar u ocultar los indicios que permiten al lector realizar la lectura de la obra, así como las interpretaciones que se derivan de dichas estrategias y de las amplificaciones realizadas, que proponen lecturas ricas o reductoras.
Numerical Study of Rayleigh-Benard and Marangoni Convection in the Presence of Magnetic Field and Heat Source/Sink
Authors: Karnakumar T. V. , Kumar Vijaya
Published: February 2025

A numerical study of Rayleigh-Benard and Marangoni-Convection in a Newtonian liquid is studied numerically considering a combination of all possible boundary combinations such as rigid-rigid/free-free/rigid-free and isothermal/adiabatic to know the influence/effect of heat source/sink and externally applied magnetic field on the onset of convection. Initially Singleterm Galerkin-technique is employed to obtain an estimate of the critical eigenvalue of the Rayleigh, Marangoni and wave numbers and then estimates are improved upon by the shooting -method, based on the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg and Newton- Raphson methods. The effect of different parameters on the Rayleigh number and Marangoni numbers is tabulated. Moreover, the results detect that utilizing the internal heat source/sink and magnetic field have pronounced effects in determining the convection stability and instability thresholds. The results obtained demonstrates very clearly that the critical Rayleigh number & Marangoni number deviate in the same direction with respect to the parameter Chandrasekhar1 number. It is also shown that the good agreement of the results obtained with those of Plattern and Legros2 and Neild3. It is observed that The boundary combination RIRI & RIFA is more stable in respect of buoyancy and surface driven convection respectively, compared to other combinations
Soft Graph on A Minimal Edge Dominating Set
Authors: Supriya M. D. , Usha P.
Published: February 2025

Mining is the process of extracting valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth. Mining plays an important role in supplying raw materials for various industries, including construction, energy and manufacturing. Methods of mining range from surface mining, which extracts minerals from the earth’s surface, to underground mining, which involves tunneling into the earth to access deposits. When finding paths from any point in the mining area to a mining location several challenges can be encountered. One of them is that the mining area may have challenging terrain, such as mountains, dense forests, or water bodies, making pathfinding complex and resource-intensive. Graphs play a crucial role in finding a path from a point to a mining location.To find a better path from any point to a mining location we introduce a new soft graph in this paper. Let G*=(V,E) be a simple connected graph and A be a minimal edge dominating set. Let a subset R of A×E be an arbitrary relation from A to E. Let a mapping F:A→P(V) can be defined as F(xy)={x,y,zϵV/xyRxz} and a mapping K:A→P(E) can be defined as K(xy)={yzϵE/z≠x and y,zϵF(y)}, where x,y,zϵV(G), xyϵA and P is a power set. The pair (F, A) is a soft set over V and (K, A) is a soft set over E. Then (F(xy), K(xy)) is a sub graph of G*, ⱯxyϵA.
Bridging Behavioural and Practical Applications in Management Accounting and Behavioural Finance in Mining Industries: A Review Analysis
Authors: Diwakar P. , Udayakumar H. M. , Shwetha S.
Published: February 2025

This review delves into investor sentiment within behavioural finance, emphasizing its profound influence on financial activities. Despite a rise in publications on this topic, signalling its increasing significance, a cohesive theoretical framework still needs to be developed. By employing bibliometric techniques such as co-citation analysis and systematic review, the study charts key components, influential articles, notable authors, and foundational references in the research on investor sentiment. The findings reveal a strong link between investor sentiment and behavioural finance theories, with a marked increase in relevance since 2014. Furthermore, the review broadens its scope to explore behavioural finance concepts, including prospect theory, the disposition effect, and overconfidence, and their impacts on market behaviour. The study also highlights a disconnect between academic research and practical implementation in management accounting, suggesting that future reviews could help bridge this gap. This extensive review advocates for a more integrated and practical approach in finance and management, aiming to merge psychological insights with practical applications to enhance theoretical understanding and real-world outcomes.
The Role of Networkability and Personal Inclination of Women Entrepreneurship Towards Additive Manufacturing Start-Ups for Mining Industry in Bengaluru City: An Empirical Approach
Authors: Somashekar Vichitra , Madhu B. K. , Singh Jyothi E.
Published: February 2025

Women entrepreneurship is closely interwoven with economic and social benefits. Though India constitutes nearly half of the women population, there is a limited participation of women in entrepreneurship, especially in the field of manufacturing start-ups. Women are recognized as successful entrepreneurs through their strong desire, qualities and capabilities for robust economic development. Due to such an important contribution of women in economic development, we propose to investigate the factors that play a major role in women entrepreneur’s success in the field of additive manufacturing startups in Bengaluru city (hub of start-ups). Purpose: The research study aims at deciphering the various dynamics that inclines women entrepreneurship in mining ecosystem by focusing on the networkability of women on various avenues. Design/ Methodology/Approach: The study conducts a survey by administering a structured questionnaire to 273 registered additive manufacturing start-ups run by women in Bengaluru city. Convenience sampling method is adopted followed by Correlation analysis. A SEM model is developed using JMP software for exhaustive analysis. The results will focus on the impact of inclination of women entrepreneurship on the development of start-ups with the identified variables such as driving forces, creativity and enterprising ability with the aid of networkability. Expected Outcome: The research aims at exhibiting the level of networkability amongst the women entrepreneurs in additive manufacturing start-ups Bengaluru and its pivotal role on the business development. The extent of entrepreneurial inclination on start-ups by women can be gauged through this study. Study Implications: The study results can help Trade associations, Women councils, Women associations, policy makers and facilitators linked to innovation which can thereby contribute in developing effective policies and supportive measures to promote women entrepreneurship.
Nonlinearity in Memristor Materials - A Review
Authors: Poornima S. , Dutta Kusumika Krori
Published: February 2025

To meet the ever-increasing demand for smart gadgets in the mining industry, the requirement for micro and nanodevices also increases exponentially. In the field of electronics, the memristors will create a revolution by replacing transistor technology shortly due to its size, low energy consumption, reliability and memory capacity in the near future. Memristors are made up of different materials based on applications. They are variable resistors and can be used for non-volatile memory-based low-power analogue circuits. Memristor has nonlinear frequency characteristics based on different components silicon-based Op-Amps have nonlinear frequencies varying from 1kHz to 16kHz, whereas CuSO4 with Cu electrode holds from 0.1Hz to 10 Hz and carbon nanotubes have the same less than 1 Hz. The modification of extraction methods or source identification techniques needs advanced tools to predict the presence of transition metals. The miners of transition metals will be burdened more to process the origin form of metals towards the fabrication of memristors. In this paper, the memristor behaviour with different biological components, transition metals and oxides and their electrical specifications are discussed along with the potential use of the same. The study has been done to identify the suitable selection of metal for memristor construction.
Path Planning Method for Static Obstacle Avoidance Using Bezier Spline Interpolation in UAVs
Authors: Nithasree S. , Lokesha K. , George Raji , Murali Shreeram , Kini Anubhav
Published: February 2025

Small-scale autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles commonly used for mapping and imagery require long, straight, and level flight trajectories to eliminate distortion caused by the plane’s roll. This paper presents the Software-in-the-Loop performance evaluation of a path-planning method for static obstacle avoidance using Bezier spline curves. This method generates two intermediate knots near the periphery of a static circular obstacle, through which a Bezier spline curve is interpolated. This method is then implemented in the firmware of a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle to simulate and evaluate certain flight parameters based on three test cases where the waypoints and obstacle coordinates are already known.
Structural and Optical Properties of Red Emitting Y2O3: Eu Nanophosphor
Authors: Nath Soorya G. , Anila E. I.
Published: February 2025

Europium doped yttrium oxide is an efficient red phosphor which have commercial significance. In this work Y2O3:Eu nanophosphor was prepared using wet chemical precipitation method followed by annealing. The results obtained from the sample's X-ray diffraction experiments indicate that the material exhibits a cubic structure, showcasing an average crystallite size of 19 nm. The value of micro strain as well as crystallite size was estimated using Williamson-Hall plot and the positive value of micro strain thus obtained represents lattice elongation. Also, the corrected value of lattice parameter established using Nelson-Riley plot is 10.64 Å. UV-vis. absorption spectroscopy was employed for bandgap measurements which resulted in a direct bandgap of 6 eV. There is an increase in bandgap energy with respect to bulk (~5.8 eV) and this may be due to size effect. On exciting the sample at 254 nm, intense red emission with major peak at 611 nm was observed which shows the applicability of this material in luminescence applications.
Design and Fabrication of Low-Cost Portable Electric Scooters for Last Mile Connectivity
Authors: Matur Mahantesh S. , Bhavi Iresh , Lingappa Shashank
Published: February 2025

In metropolitan cities every day, thousands of people commute from one place to another using uncomfortable and polluting means of transport. Literature survey shows there are many varieties of E-scooters available in the market that are either bulky, nonmodular or expensive. Hence the objective is to fabricate a low-cost portable E-scooter that overcomes problems like pollution, range, portability and maneuverability. To fulfil these objectives, project work is initially undertaken with Fine Element Analysis (FEA) of Frame design to withstand all loading conditions. To reduce the cost of fabrication, the design for strength concept is incorporated with the assistance of machine design, vehicle dynamics and electric power train calculations. The present model is 1.27m in height and 0.657m in width considering the anthropometric profile for comfort requirements. The final model consists of many parts mainly, the Direct Current (DC) motor, controller unit, Li-ion battery pack and others. After the fabrication and electric work, the model is tested for manoeuvrability, stability and other ergonomic requirements. It is observed that models can sustain a 120Kg load for a 9km range on fully charged battery condition. Finally, the project satisfies 90% of the design calculations which include, braking distance, acceleration, top speed and gross weight. It is concluded that using design for strength concept, FEA and ergonomic consideration, it is quite possible to fabricate an E-scooter at 50% total cost of the market price.
A Review of the Magnetic Field Generation in Ferromagnetic Materials with Applied Stress
Authors: Anand Anu , Kumar Rajeev
Published: February 2025

The main motive of this paper is to review the generation of magnetic fields in ferromagnetic materials under the application of stress. Mechanical stress, temperature, and magnetic field are three significant factors that influence magnetisation. The magnetisation level depends on the material type, magnetic history, magnetic field strength, strain and temperature. Owing to the external load, the magnetic behaviour of ferromagnetic materials changes extensively through plastic deformation. Hence, the domain structure alters the ferromagnetic material’s internal magnetic field. The magneto-mechanical effect, i.e., the alteration of magnetisation of ferromagnetic material with external stress, has been a focal point for many researchers. The concept of magnetism is discussed along with the various parameters that depict the fundamental magnetic properties. Furthermore, Magnetoelastic Sensors (MES), a potential substitute for strain-gauge devices, have been discussed in this paper. The future lines of research have also been highlighted. The use of ferromagnetic materials for various applications in the mining industry has also been highlighted.
Study and Development of Eco-Composite from Waste Chicken Feather for Partition Board Application
Authors: Shivaramu H. T. , Nayak U. Vignesh , Ashafque Saiban , Fawaz M. H. , Ruhail M. H. , Asfan Sayed Mohammed
Published: February 2025

The current work aims to prepare composites from waste chicken feathers and investigate their mechanical properties. For the composite fabrication, chicken feathers were used as reinforcement and Lapox L12 as the matrix. The composites were prepared manually using the hand layup technique. A metal die was used to prepare the composites. Reinforcements with volume fractions of 30%, 40%, and 60% were evaluated for their tensile and flexural strength. The tensile modulus increased as the Vol.% of chicken feather fibre increased. A maximum tensile and flexure modulus of 170 MPa and 480 MPa were obtained during the experiment with 60 Vol.% composites. The improved water resistance, low weight, noise absorption capability, flexibility for tailored qualities, and ease of dust removal make this developed material ideal for the mining industry.
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of AL-7SI With 6 WT% of 40- and 90-Micron Size Boron Carbide Metal Matrix Composite
Authors: Ali Zeeshan , Muthuraman V. , Rathnakumar P. , Gurusamy P. , Nagaral Madeva
Published: February 2025

To create and evaluate the mechanical behaviour of B4C-reinforced A356 alloy metal composites that are 6 wt. % and range in size from 40 to 90 microns. Method: By using the liquid melt stir cast process, an alloy called A356 with 6 wt. % B4C reinforced composites was created. SEM and EDS were used to characterise the microstructure of these produced composites. According to ASTM standards, mechanical characteristics such as hardness and tensile strength were assessed. Findings: The extensive dispersion of B4C particles in the A356 matrix was demonstrated by a SEM of A356 alloy with 6 wt. % of B4C composites. The A356 alloy matrix's EDS signals verified the presence of B4C particles. The hardness increased by 28.6%, ultimate strength by 26%, and yield strength by 44.4 percent with a little loss in ductility with the addition of 6 wt. % of B4C particles. Novelty: Aerospace-grade aluminium alloy A356 is often utilised in industrials. B4C particles with a size range of 40 to 90 microns were included into advanced metal composites to assist reduce weight. The choice of A356 alloy and B4C reinforcement was made strategically to meet the demanding conditions of mining operations. The results indicate a clear potential for improving the efficiency and overall performance of mining equipment.
Development and Characterization of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Based Nanocomposite Coatings
Authors: Keerthi Kothakula , Shashikala A. R. , Sridhar B. S.
Published: February 2025

Nanoparticles synthesised by various chemical methods are extensively used in textiles, medicine, agriculture and industrial applications. Due to its physicochemical properties, reduced graphene-oxide (r-GO) is a nanoparticle used in multiple fields. Reduced nano-graphene oxide powder was synthesised by using graphite powder. Ni-P coatings with nano r-GO were developed on the pretreated aluminium alloy Al-6061 using sodium acetate as a complexing agent by electroless plating technique. UV-visible spectrophotometric studies carried out the screening of complexing agents. The surface characteristics and microstructure of the plated samples were investigated by EDAX, SEM and XRD. EDX confirmed the presence of GO in the coatings. The coatings were found to have Spherical globules with black spots. XRD studies indicate the graphitic structure of the coatings. The coatings were also examined by adhesion and microhardness tests.
From Conventional Mining to Smart Materials: A Path to Eco-Friendly Construction for Green Consumerism and A Reduced Environmental Impact
Authors: Rajendra P. , Mohanasundaram T.
Published: February 2025

The research highlights the importance of smart materials and how they are used in modern industries, particularly in construction sector. This study explores different smart construction materials and investigates how these smart materials influence consumer decisions with environmental health and sustainability as consumption goals. Further, it explores the degree of challenges faced while deploying the smart and recyclable material into ecosystem. Smart materials have diverse qualities that may be controlled by external elements such as temperature, magnetic fields, stress etc. This study employs a descriptive research approach. The study model was created to assess the impact of smart construction materials (input variable) on environmental health (outcome variable), with green consumerism goals serving as an intervening variable. A well-structured questionnaire was developed consisting questions on key variables such as awareness and use of smart construction materials, influence of smart materials on environmentally conscious users, and challenges faced by users in implementing smart materials in construction industry. The sample unit consist of consumers and contractors in Karnataka. The judgement sampling technique is used for data collection. The sample size used in the study for consumer survey is 384 and builder survey is 34. The data are analysed using the statistical tools viz., Chi square, ANOVA, correlation analysis, multiple regression and binary logistic regression. The result of the study will throw light on the level of awareness and influence of smart construction materials and augment green construction activities among the environmentally cautious users. The study may motivate the users of construction sector to make actionable decisions on usage of smart materials for environmentally sustainable future.
Study of Process Parameters of Abrasive Water Jet Cutting Machine on ZA 27 using Design of Experiments
Authors: Aishwarya B. S. , Prasanna N. D. , Hamritha S. , Niranjan C. A. , Chatterji Ayushi
Published: February 2025

In the current work, abrasive water jet cutting parameters on surface roughness were identified through experimental inquiry on the aluminium alloy ZA 27. L9 Orthogonal array was used to evaluate the impact of input parameters such as water pressure, traverse speed, and mass flow rate on the surface integrity of the ZA 27 aluminium alloy. To determine the cutting mechanism responsible for producing smooth and rough surfaces, SEM investigations were conducted on the cut surfaces. The surface roughness was measured using a non-contact 3D optical profiler of the Taylor Hobson type. From the results, it can be inferred that water jet pressure and traverse speed have a greater impact on surface quality, i.e., an increase in water pressure results in an improvement in surface quality, while a decrease in traverse speed leads in an improvement. Although mass flow rate alone has the least impact on surface quality, when combined with other significant influencing factors like traverse speed and water jet pressure, mass flow rate improves surface quality. From SEM, it was discovered that microcutting was influenced by cutting particles with a sharp edge on the smooth cutting zone. While waviness and deviating wear tracks brought about by a diverted water jet affected the rough cutting zone. Shallow impact angles revealed the embedment of spherical garnet particles on the rough cutting zone. With a water pressure of 200 psi, a traverse speed of 40 minutes, and a mass flow rate of 300 g/mm, the highest surface of 3.038 m was reached. It is clear that the surface quality of the ZA 27 alloy will improve with rising water pressure and slow traverse rates.
Exploring the impact of peer-to-peer assessment on student performance and social interaction: Insights from teachers and students in primary education
Authors: Sylejmani Verona , Ahmedi Vjollca
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of peer-to-peer assessment in primary education by investigating the experiences and perspectives of in-service teachers and their students. The research involved twelve in-service teachers who shared their opinions and challenges regarding the implementation of peer-to-peer assessment. A descriptive methodology was employed to study fourth-grade students and teachers across primary schools in Kosovo, using focus groups and questionnaires to gather data. The findings indicate that teachers perceive peer-to-peer assessment positively believing it enhances student performance. Correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship (r=0.823) between the frequency of this assessment and improved student outcomes. Students also reported benefits such as better social relationships and increased collaboration. The study concludes that peer-to-peer assessment in primary education can lead to improved academic results and social interactions. Teachers recommend informing parents about the assessment's purpose and methods and providing professional training for both parents and students to ensure constructive feedback. Effective communication with parents and adequate preparation for feedback are essential to overcome potential challenges and maximizing the benefits of this assessment approach.
Cultural sensitivity and inclusivity in teaching: International students' views on faculty competence
Authors: Chen Xiaowen
Published: February 2025

This study investigated international students’ (ISs) perceptions of faculty members’ intercultural teaching competence in US higher education. A cross-sectional quantitative survey design was employed using a newly developed instrument called the student measure of international teaching competence. In total, 198 ISs from 21 countries participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis and descriptive statistics revealed that specific improvements are needed while ISs generally perceived their faculty as intercultural competent. These include reducing assumptions about students’ prior knowledge, enhancing their understanding of diverse learning styles, integrating cultural backgrounds into the curriculum and offering various assessment methods. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive faculty training programs and institutional policies that promote inclusive teaching practices, ultimately aiming to improve the academic experience and outcomes of ISs.
Renal Protective Effect of Resveratrol against Vincristine-Induced Oxidative Stress in Female Mice
Authors: Nasirzadeh Mohammadreza , Khayatnouri Mir Hadi , Taginasab Saeed , Navidi far Pouya , Navidi far Pouya , Bakhshi Mohammad , Tayefesattari Heidar
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Vincristine (VIN) is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug used to treat various cancers. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural polyphenol found in numerous plant sources. Many studies have reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of resveratrol. In this study, the effect of resveratrol on kidney damage caused by vincristine in female mice has been investigated.
Methods: In this study, 36 female mice weighing 25-30 grams were randomly divided into four groups (n=9): 1) Control group, 2) Vin- group, 3) Vin-Res group and 4) Res group. The mice received vincristine at 3 mg/kg once a week for 4 weeks and resveratrol at 30 mg/kg daily for 28 days through gavage. At the end of the study, the fat peroxidation index (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in kidney tissue were measured. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, and the significant differences among groups were analyzed using SPSS16, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: The findings indicated that in the vincristine group, levels serum of urea, creatinine, and MDA in kidney tissue were increased significantly compared to the control group (P=0.001).the TAC level and the activity level of GPX (P=0.001) and SOD (P=0.009) enzymes in the kidney tissue were  significantly decreased in the vincristine group when compared to the control group (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the protective effects of resveratrol were probably attributed to its antioxidant properties and that it could reduce the kidney damage induced by vincristine.
Comparison the Effect of Continuous and Interval Aerobic Training on IL-1 and TNF-α Expression in Cerebellum of Parkinson's Model Rats
Authors: Shamsi Zahra , Kalani Abdolhossein Taheri , Nikseresht Mahmoud , Dehbalaei Somayeh Bakhtiari , Shamsi Leyla
Published: February 2025

Introduction: In Parkinson's disease, the balance between Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is disturbed, causing chronic neuroinflammation. The aim of present study was to compare the effects of continuous and interval aerobic training on the expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in cerebellum of Parkinson's model rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 28 adult male Wistar rats (weighting 180-250 gr) were randomly divided into four groups (n=7 each): control, Parkinson, Parkinson+ continuous training, and Parkinson+ interval training. Rotenone was utilized to induce Parkinson's in rats. The continuous training lasted between 15 to 40 minutes, while the interval training consisted of two to six sets of running on the treadmill at a speed of 10- 20 meters per minute for six weeks and five sessions per week. At the end of the intervention, the levels of IL-1 and TNF-α in the cerebellum tissue were assessed by Bradford method. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by post hoc LSD test, utilizing SPSS version 16 software, with a significant level set at P<0.05.
Results: The levels of IL-1 and TNF-α in the cerebellar tissue of the control group were significantly lower (P=0.0001) compared to the other groups, and in the Parkinson's group, they were significantly higher than the Parkinson's+ continuous training and Parkinson's+ interval training groups (both; P=0.0001). There was no significant difference in IL-1 levels between the two training groups (P=0.062); nontheless, interval training significantly reduced the level of TNF-α compared to continuous training (P=0.007).
Conclusion: Based on these findings, interval aerobic training is a more efficient method in modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in the cerebellum of Parkinson's model rats compared to continuous training, which can slow down the progression of the disease.
The Effect of Aerobic Training along with Resveratrol Supplementation on Some Inflammatory Index Levels in the Spinal Cord Tissue of Rats after Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Ranaei Mohammad , Yaghoubi Ali
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with increased inflammation in the spinal cord tissue of the injured individual. The purpose of present study was to examined how aerobic training along with resveratrol supplementation influenced on spinal IL-1β and IL-10 levels in rats suffering from SCI.
Methods: Forty-five male Wistar rats, eight weeks old, were divided into five groups: healthy, control, resveratrol, aerobic training and resveratrol+ training. Spinal cord injury was caused by dropping a ten-gram weight from a height of 25 mm on the spinal cord in the T10 segment. Resveratrol supplement with a dose of 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally and daily. The aerobic training was conducted utilizing the weight support system over a period of 4 weeks, with each session lasting 58 minutes and an intensity of 20 m/min. One-way ANOVA and the LSD post hoc test were applied at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The level of spinal IL-1β in the control group was significantly higher than healthy group (p=0.005). The level of this index was significantly lower in resveratrol (p=0.011), aerobic training (p=0.002), and resveratrol+training (p=0.016) groups than control group. The level of spinal IL-10 in control group was significantly lower than healthy group (p=0.011). The index in aerobic training and resveratrol+ training groups exhibited an elevation relative to the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic training along with resveratrol supplementation can have positive effects on the inflammation of the injured area due to SCI and possibly prevent secondary injuries and side effects of SCI in the injured area of the spinal cord of these subjects.
O perfil dos alunos do curso pré-universitário
Authors: Santana Gabriel Silva Prates de , Santos Joyce Moreno Dos , Silva José Rodolfo da , Calaça Suelídia Maria
Published: February 2025

O presente resumo tem por objetivo avaliar e discutir o perfil dos discentes-cursistas, sendo eles jovens e adultos que foram selecionados no ano de 2023 pelo Curso Pré-universitário, ofertado pelo grupo PET/Conexões de Saberes Acesso e Permanência de Jovens de Origem Popular: Diálogos Universidade - Comunidade da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) campus I. Através das fichas de inscrições realizadas pelos cursistas via formulário Google, foi-se levantado e avaliado os dados obtidos que constituíram essa pesquisa. Tem-se como resultado principal do trabalho, que a maioria dos/as estudantes cursistas-petianos são autodeclarados/as do sexo feminino, negros/as e pertencentes a classe popular brasileira, além de serem oriundos de escola pública. Os dados coletados a partir das fichas, auxiliaram na compreensão do perfil dos estudantes-cursistas do PET e na avaliação e traçamento das estratégias de aprendizagens elaboradas pelo projeto.
O compromisso das políticas públicas na permanência estudantil e no sucesso acadêmico
Authors: Leandrini Josimeire , Souza Luana , Machado Matheus , Pare Kauane
Published: February 2025

O ensino superior é uma oportunidade para os cidadãos realizarem cursos distribuídos em diversas áreas do conhecimento, mas devido a vários fatores interligados, o mesmo tem sido negligenciado. Em resposta a isso, uma das principais ações discutidas são os programas de permanência estudantil, que buscam formas de manter os estudantes na universidade. Em vista disso, é importante conhecer como é essa realidade atualmente, assim, o grupo PET realizou uma pesquisa com objetivo de apresentar os dados obtidos e discutir sobre os desafios de permanência estudantil enfrentados pelos acadêmicos de Universidades Públicas, o qual foi realizado através de um questionário, para o público alvo (estudantes de graduação, egressos e desistentes) a fim de abordar o tema da permanência estudantil nas universidades, o questionário foi respondido por 50 acadêmicos de Universidade públicas.
Educação emocional no contexto escolar e suas implicações no cotidiano infantil
Authors: Pereira Ana Clara , Domingos Mylene Aparecida Paulista , Góes Margarete Sacht
Published: February 2025

A motivação para a realização desta pesquisa surge a partir das experiências vivenciadas durante um projeto de extensão, de setembro a dezembro de 2022, no Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil – CMEI CB (Vitória/ES), como uma das propostas de atividades do Programa de Educação Tutorial Conexões de Saberes: Educação (PET EDU). Analisa o que é a Educação Emocional e os diferentes modos de explorá-la na Educação Infantil e busca descrevê-la, compreendendo como ela influencia na vida (atual e futura) das crianças. Reflete sobre como e por que as crianças aprendem a reconhecer suas emoções ao utilizar o material educativo “Quebra-cabeça dos sentimentos”. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e etnográfico. Por ser uma pesquisa em andamento, sua continuidade será no município de Serra/ES. Fundamenta-se teoricamente em Cardeira (2012), Behrens e Machado (2005), Marçal e André (2020) e, Almeida e Góes (2023). Finaliza apontando potencialidades de materiais educativos que promovam a educação emocional nas crianças pequenas.
Entretenipet
Authors: Araujo dos Santos Beatriz , Dutra de Oliveira Daniela , Da Silva Gomes Isabela Beatriz , De Maria Paura de Souza Victor Hugo , Ferreira de Siqueira Maria Thereza , Soares Pinto Merat Milena , Gonçalves Magalhães Vitória , Da Silva Almeida Caroline , Lessa de Oliveira da Silva Luiza , Da Costa Angelo Isabele
Published: February 2025

A síndrome de Burnout foi definida por um psiquiatra em 1974 e atualmente tem sido muito discutida por médicos veterinários. O Burnout está relacionado ao esgotamento físico e emocional, gerando problemas de saúde e transtorno de ansiedade em profissionais que são sobrecarregados em suas tarefas. O objetivo deste estudo é mostrar a relevância de medidas que possam minimizar a pressão induzida pelas responsabilidades da área da saúde, através do “EntreteniPET”, um projeto criado pelo grupo PET Medicina Veterinária, que busca por meio de suas atividades “Clube do livro” e “CinePET”, incentivar a reflexão social através da leitura com temas atuais, como também proporcionar momentos de lazer e descontração.
Analyse de l’efficacité technique de la production de l’oignon dans les régions d’Agadez et de Tahoua au Niger
Authors: Mahaman Yaou Abdoul Bassidou , Aboube Mahaman Laouan
Published: February 2025

Objectif : Dans cet article, l’efficacité technique des producteurs d’oignon des régions d’Agadez et de Tahoua est analysée suivant deux méthodes : l’analyse par enveloppement des données (DEA) et l’analyse par les frontières stochastiques (SFA).
Conception/méthodologie/approche : Les données ont été collectées en deux temps : en 2016 au niveau de la région d’Agadez sur 119 producteurs et en 2021 au niveau de la région de Tahoua sur 136 producteurs. Au total, un échantillon de 255 producteurs a été constitué et analysé. Nous avons ainsi comparé les résultats du SFA qui est paramétrique stochastique à ceux du DEA qui est non paramétrique déterministe.
Résultats : Les résultats du modèle SFA ont révélé que la production moyenne de l’oignon peut augmenter de 37% si les producteurs pouvaient utiliser correctement la technologie de production. Ils révèlent également que les plus importants facteurs de production de l’oignon au Niger sont, la main-d’oeuvre, les engrais et les superficies cultivables. On conclut à partir des deux modèles que le producteur moyen dans ces deux régions peut réduire ses coûts de production respectivement de 31,12% (SFA) et 28,1% (DEA) selon donc le modèle considéré. Entre autres choses, l’efficacité technique est très influencée par les visites de vulgarisation, l’éducation, l’âge des producteurs et les facteurs régionaux.
Originalité/valeur : Améliorer l’efficacité technique des producteurs d’oignon au Niger améliore la sécurité alimentaire, et la stabilité sociale en luttant contre les inégalités. Cela reviendrait à intensifier et moderniser les services de vulgarisation agricole pour diffuser les bonnes pratiques agricoles entre les producteurs.