bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Active recreation: types and varieties of active tourism and their essence
Authors: Livak P.E. , Poluhin Yu. V. , Steshуts A.V.
Published: August 2022

This article discusses various types of active tourism and analyzes their features. The necessity to go in for active sports, regardless of age and physical fitness, has been substantiated. It was revealed that tourist trips play an important role in the system of general training and hardening. Active tourism has many varieties, which allows you to practice at any time of the year. It was found that active tourism fosters moral and volitional attitudes of a person, and also improves his physical form and psychological state. Active tourism allows people to adapt to different conditions, travel long distances without feeling tired, and leave their comfort zone. After practicing active tourism, endurance, stamina, endurance of the body improves, due to which any physical work is done easily, and the body after it recovers faster. The work of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems improves, and oxygen is effectively used by the tissues of the body, muscles are strengthened and grown. Active tourism contributes to the improvement of the mental state. Such people have a much lower risk of depression. After class, they are more collected, patient, restrained and calm. Activities in active tourism prolong a person's active life even after retirement. Hiking trips are not only prevention, but can cure various diseases. It was found that real health is achieved through the gradual accustoming of the body to changes in the environment. Active tourism is an effective means of forming, developing and improving a healthy and tempered person. A high level of development of motor abilities underlies the success of mastering various motor actions, which is an important component of health indicators. Active tourism contains skills, abilities and knowledge that can be used in everyday life, it is also useful for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system, respiratory tract, colds. In the process of regular training, various motor abilities are developed based on the age characteristics of a person: speed of movements, coordination, endurance and flexibility; vital skills are acquired, muscle strength increases, etc. Active tourism broadens one's horizons, enriches spiritual life and is an excellent means for learning about the world around and developing one’s body.
Indicators of the cardiovascular system of women 25-35 years age of different somatotypes under the influence of health-improving running classes
Authors: Miroshnichenko V. , Brezdeniuk O. , Shvets O. , Kovalchuk A.
Published: August 2022

Health-improving running loads are an effective means of improving the functions of the cardiovascular system. The study of the adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system in women of different somatotypes under the influence of health- improving running classes allows to reveal the dynamics of the main indicators that determine the physical health of a person and to establish their somatotypological features. 80 women in the the first period of mature age (25-35 years old), who had not played sports before, took part in the study. Training sessions according to the health-improving running program were held 3 times a week. The basis of the program was running loads in the aerobic mode of energy supply, which were performed in a uniform continuous method. Dosing of running loads was carried out according to energy consumption. Heart rate was measured in a state of relative muscle rest. Blood pressure after dosed loads of different power was measured during the PWC170 test. In women aged 25-35, exercise to the health-improving running program caused a 2.2% decrease in heart rate at rest and a 2.1% decrease in systolic blood pressure after a dosed cycle ergometric exercise with a power of 1 W·kg. Among women of different somatotypes, a probable decrease in heart rate was found in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype. It has been established that health-improving running classes causes positive changes in the function of the cardiovascular system in women aged 25-35. Women of different somatotypes have different adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system to health-improving running classes. Statistically confirmed changes were found only in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype.
Manifestations of forced efforts of elderly men with different breathing regimes
Authors: Soroka V. , Soroka O. , Shkarupilo P.
Published: August 2022

The analysis of the existing therapeutic and prophylactic systems of respiration is carried out, the influence of different respiratory regimes on the dynamics of force manifestations of male muscles taking into account age is investigated. Recommendations for strength exercises with observance of certain breathing rhythms of elderly men have been made.

The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of the manifestation of strength abilities of older men with different respiratory regimes.

In the course of the research the following tasks were solved: analysis of modern respiratory systems; study of the influence of different respiratory regimes on the dynamics of force manifestations of the muscles of the hand and abdominal press of elderly men; comparative assessment and determination of the influence of different respiratory regimes on the power manifestations of men aged 60+.

Methods – before the start of the main study, the men of the experimental group mastered the method of breathing regimes (personally during strength exercises), with the men of the control group breathing practices were not performed.

As a result of researches the optimum modes of breath for display are defined: wrist dynamometry, dynamics of display of force of abdominal muscles. Prospects for further development are seen in a more in-depth definition of the ability to perform strength exercises in different breathing modes to increase the physical performance of the elderly.
Desafios e potencialidades na utilização de recursos didáticos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos de Citologia
Authors: Gonçalves Andressa Sobral , Dias Viviane Borges
Published: August 2022

A utilização de ferramentas didáticas possui grande relevância no ensino de Biologia, pois a disciplina apresenta conteúdos complexos e muitas nomenclaturas específicas por vezes desconhecidas pelos alunos. Este estudo buscou analisar as potencialidades dos recursos didáticos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos de Citologia. A pesquisa teve abordagem qualitativa. Os participantes foram onze professores de Biologia de três escolas estaduais de um município da região do extremo sul da Bahia. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi o questionário e os dados foram analisados de acordo com a metodologia da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicam a potencialidade dos recursos didáticos para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos de Citologia e apontam alguns desafios na sua utilização, como a indisponibilidade de ferramentas didáticas nas instituições pesquisadas, bem como a falta de tempo para preparo dos materiais, apontando uma carência das escolas na distribuição de recursos adequados para uso do professor.
أمارتيا سن والهوية
Authors: نسيبة سري
Published: August 2022

​تتناول هذه الدراسة منظور أمارتيا سن الأساسي القائل بأن الأشخاص يجب أن يتحكموا في هويّاتهم بدلًا من تركها تتحكم فيهم. هذا يفترض الحاجة إلى تبديد الوهم القائل بأن الهويّات معطاة، ولا يمكن أن تتمازج أو يتكامل بعضها مع بعض. إن تبديد هذا الوهم يبدد بدوره ما قد يُنظر إليه على أنه صدام حتمي بين الهويات/ الحضارات، وما ينتج من ذلك من اندلاع للعنف. تناقش الدراسة عددًا من أفكار سن التي تتعلق بالعلاقة بين الهوية والعنف، وخطر الهويات المغلقة، ودور كل من الهوية الشخصية والهوية العامة في حياة الأفراد والمجتمعات. كما يناقش البحث سؤال: هل العنف يولد العنصرية أم أنّ العنصرية تولّد العنف؟
هل من مكان للهوية في عالم معولم؟ استكشاف "الهوية السائلة" عند زيغمونت باومان
Authors: أبو جبر حجاج
Published: August 2022

​يرتبط خطاب "الهوية السائلة" عند زيغمونت باومان بتحولات مشروع الحداثة الغربية بوجه عام، وبإذابة الأطر المرجعية والهويات الموروثة بوجه خاص. ويفترض هذا الخطاب أن عمليات الإذابة كانت ترمي إلى استحداث أطر مرجعية أشد صلابة وأكثر عقلانية، أمّا الآن فإنها لا تكترث باستحداث أطر بديلة، بل تدفع الهوية إلى حالة من السيولة الشاملة والدائمة. وتفترض هذه الدراسة أن خطاب باومان عن الحداثة السائلة يتجاوز الفصل الحاد بين الحداثة وما بعد الحداثة (أو الحداثة والعولمة)، ويرى الحداثة متتاليةً واحدة تختلف في درجة الإذابة وحِدَّتها ونطاقها ومداها. وهذا يعني أن مشكلة الهوية مشكلة قديمة، لكنها تشهد تحولًا جديدًا في شكلها ومضمونها في زمن العولمة. وتسعى الدراسة إلى الكشف عن هذا التحول، وذلك من خلال استكشاف أهم الصور المجازية في خطاب باومان عن الهوية. ويأتي هذا الاستكشاف في محورين أساسيين، هما: الصور المجازية للهوية في الحداثة الصلبة (الحاجّ، والبستاني، والبطل)، والصور المجازية للهوية في الحداثة السائلة (اللاعب، والسائح، والصعلوك).
الهُوية في الخطاب الفلسفي الفرنسي المعاصر: فانسان ديكومب نموذجًا
Authors: زواوي بغورة
Published: August 2022

​تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى البحث في مسألة الهُوية في الفلسفة الفرنسية المعاصرة، من خلال الفيلسوف فانسان ديكومب الذي قدم مقاربة تحليلية وبنائية، تعتمد على نظرية الاستعمال في فلسفة اللغة، وعلى الفلسفة الاجتماعية في دراسة المسائل الاجتماعية والسياسية والأخلاقية، ومنها مسألة الهُوية التي خصها بدراسات كثيرة، أهمها: إرباكات الهوية، وفيها ميز بين الاستعمالات القديمة والحديثة، وبين الهوية الشخصية والجماعية القائمة على مفهوم الهُوية التعبيرية.
Actualización en liquen escleroso vulvar en población adulta
Authors: Gómez Chaves Gastón , Sequeira Araya Alejandra , Rodríguez Vega María Fernanda
Published: August 2022

El liquen escleroso vulvar es una enfermedad crónica e inflamatoria progresiva sin etiología clara con prevalencia incierta y con un promedio de edad al diagnóstico entre la quinta y sexta década de vida. Las áreas afectadas incluyen diversas partes a nivel de vulva, periné y zona perineal, frecuentemente llevando a la característica “figura de ocho”. Las lesiones tienen aspecto de placas blanco mármol y arrugas epidérmicas como hallazgo patognomónico. Existen múltiples teorías relacionadas a su desarrollo que incluyen factores genéticos, autoinmunes, infecciosos, locales, hormonales y farmacológicos y de dieta. Se cree que la mezcla de dichos factores desencadena el proceso fisiopatológico, con la inflamación como primer evento en esta cadena, añadido a actividad de fibroblastos y síntesis anormal de colágeno, generan el proceso de cicatrización y posible sensibilidad autoinmune. Su diagnóstico es generalmente clínico, aunque realizar una biopsia es posible en algunos casos para poder descartar potenciales diagnósticos diferenciales. Debido a la posibilidad del desarrollo de cáncer a nivel de las áreas afectadas y procesos de cicatrización que terminan afectando la calidad de vida, es importante instaurar un tratamiento oportuno y eficaz.
Revisión integral de hemoptisis
Authors: Watson Hernández Rebeca , Morales Roldán Laura
Published: August 2022

La hemoptisis es la expectoración de sangre proveniente del árbol traqueobronquial. Se clasifica en hemoptisis masiva o amenazante para la vida y no amenazante, dependiendo del volumen de sangrado, su velocidad y la reserva cardiopulmonar.  Predomina en hombres mayores de 62 años. Su principal diagnóstico diferencial es la pseudohemoptisis cuyo origen puede ser del tracto respiratorio superior, que se considera en casos en los cuales hubo previas molestias nasofaríngeas como sangre roja proveniente de la boca sin mayor esfuerzo, o gastrointestinal que se caracteriza por hematemesis oscura, con sangre desoxigenada y en ocasiones con restos alimentarios. En este caso existen antecedentes de cirrosis y úlceras. La etiología de la hemoptisis es multifactorial, tanto de alteraciones de vía aérea, parenquimatosas, vasculares como iatrogénicas. Para lograr un diagnóstico adecuado, hay que abordar al paciente con una adecuada historia clínica, examen físico y complementar con estudios de imagen para poder determinar con exactitud el sitio y causa de sangrado. De esta forma se logrará ofrecer un tratamiento dirigido y oportuno.
Expresión clínica e histológica de los tumores del ángulo pontocerebeloso
Authors: Badilla Nelson Annekey
Published: August 2022

El área del ángulo pontocerebeloso es un espacio virtual localizado en la fosa posterior de la cavidad craneal, en ella se contienen varias estructuras anatómicas funcionales como los pares craneales; el séptimo par (facial) encargado en su porción sensitiva y motora de la musculatura facial y la percepción en el gusto en sus 2/3 anteriores y el octavo par  (vestíbulo coclear) que se encarga de producir la audición y equilibrio. A su vez limita con otras estructuras de vital importancia como lo es el tronco encefalico estructura que contiene varios núcleos asi como el centro de la respiración y cardiovascular, el cuarto ventrículo que es un área de flujo de líquido cefalorraquideo hacia la medula y el cerebelo encargado de la coordinación de movimientos y parte del equilibrio. Si bien es cierto que múltiples procesos tanto tumorales como no tumorales pueden afectar dichas estructuras, son los tumorales los que confieren mayor importancia debido a su potencial destructivo de estructuras vecinas, capacidad de expansión que genera compresión y establecimiento de siembras que pueden metastatizar a otras estructuras locales y distantes. Las manifestaciones clinicas secundarias a la afección en dicha área van a depender del sitio donde estas empiecen a crecer asi como su tamaño, siendo que inicialmente la clinica más frecuente es el tinnitus y pérdida auditiva unilateral, desequilibrio y nistagmo, ya más tardíamente hay compromiso de otros pares craneales afectando la sensibilidad facial, la percepción del gusto e hidrocefalia por obstrucción. Para su diagnóstico amerita una adecuada correlación anatómica que permita orientar los estudios de imagen que definen bien las estructuras y permiten plantear un abordaje, pero es solo el estudio histológico quien nos da un diagnóstico final y como tal un pronóstico.
STRUCTURING EXPERIMENTAL DATA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ARCH SUPPORTS FOR PROBABILISTIC ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF RETRACTABLE DRIFTS
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Volkov Serhiy , Simonova Yuliia ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Korol Anton ,   PSP “Dobropilske Mine Group” LLC “DTEK Dobropolyeugol”, Podkopayev Yevgen ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Kayun Oleksiy ,   Donetsk National Technical University, Tkachuk Oleksandr ,   Public joint stock company ”Donbasenergo” “Elektroremont”
Published: August 2022

Purpose. Structuring of experimental data of mine observations of the performance of arched flexible supports to establish a probabilistic assessment of the state of haulage drifts of steep coal seams in the excavation areas of a coal mine. Methods. The methodological basis of the research is an integrated approach, including the analysis and generalization of scientific achievements on the problem under study; mine observations of the state of development workings; analytical calculations using the basic provisions of probability theory, mathematical statistics using differential equations. Results. A probabilistic assessment of the state of the haulage drift under different protection methods, used to predict the stability of section development workings, was obtained from the experimental data of mine observations (observation time t = 4280 hours) of the performance of the arched pliable lining installed in the working along the length of the excavation section. After the sample was formed, the calculation of a statistical assessment of the reliability of the support operation was performed: the indicators of the failure rate λ and the recovery rate μ were established. Dependencies are obtained that allow assessing the state of development workings along the length of the excavation section and in the zone of influence of the stopping operations. It is proved that in the steady mode of operation of the haulage drift, with an increase in the failure rate of the arch support by 5 times, the availability factor, as a function of the reliability and maintainability of the support, changes from 0.9 to 0.5, which leads to a deterioration in time, approximately by 60 %, operational characteristics of the support in the supported development. Novelty. The probabilistic assessment of the loss of stability of the haulage drift along the length of the excavation section is based on the structuring of the data on the performance of arched supports and depends on the method of protection of the working, the intensity of failures of the arched supple support and the frequency of its damage, when in the desired interval of observations when forming the sample, the position of the stopping front is taken into account. Practical relevance. For the reuse of development workings with a store method of preparing steep seams and a descending order of mining floors, a conceptual model is proposed that allows predicting the state of haulage drifts along the length of the excavation area, taking into account the method of protection.
JUSTIFICATION OF METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR THE ELIMINATION OF SELF-DISPOSAL OF MINING WASTE
Authors:   Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics named by N. Poljakov of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chobotko Ihor
Published: August 2022

Purpose. To analyse the processes of spontaneous combustion of mining waste, too study the impact of waste combustion on the environment, to define the main factors that provoke spontaneous combustion of mining waste. Methods. A comprehensive approach has been applied, which includes an analysis and synthesis of literature and experimental data on the problem of spontaneous combustion of mining waste. The current status of spontaneous combustion of mining waste has been analysed. Results. The feasibility of applying methods and techniques for the treatment of waste rock to further prevent spontaneous combustion has been substantiated Scientific novelty. The dependence of the environmental impact on the processes of thermal oxidation of waste rock mass has been established. The expediency of applying methods and techniques for eliminating self-combustion foci as the main factors of environmental pollution has been determined. A new expedient method and method has been proposed that will allow estimating not only the economic effect but also the environmental one, which will contribute to improving the environmental and economic situation of mining regions where mining wastes are deposited. Practical implication. Practical implication consists in the development of recommendations for methods and techniques to eliminate spontaneous combustion of mining wastes A methodology for determining the necessary quantitative and qualitative composition of inert substances (suspensions) containing sodium group to eliminate sulphurous zones of exogenous combustion processes of waste stock has been proposed. Recommendations on the use of these means and methods have been developed.
RESEARCH OF EXPEDIENCE OF GLASS-PLASTIC AND BASALT-PLASTIC RODS APPLICATION FOR REINFORCEMENT OF STONE PRODUCTS
Authors:   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Kotenko Volodymyr , Bashinsky Serhii ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, Piskun Ihor ,   Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University
Published: August 2022

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to study the feasibility of using different types of composite materials for natural stone products reinforcement by comparing their strength characteristics. Methodology. Recommendations for the preparation of samples for strength research have been implemented and described. Recommendations for the preparation, adjustment and commissioning of fixed assets and materials used in the study are given. The constituent elements of the experiment aimed at determining the strength characteristics of the samples are developed and described. Based on the results of the obtained data, the values of the basic strength parameters during the destruction of the samples under the action of bending loads have been calculated. Results. The study of the technology of stone products reinforcement allows solving a number of problems related to improving the quality and competitiveness of stone manufacturing. A holistic and scientifically sound study of reinforcement technology allows an array of empirical data and developing the optimal order of its use. Scientific novelty. Systematization and review of existing methods of natural stone products reinforcement are performed and methods of their optimization with the help of modern composite materials are offered. The expediency of using fiberglass and basalt-plastic composite materials for the purpose of reinforcing stone products has been empirically investigated. The expediency of using fiberglass and basalt-plastic composite materials for natural stone products reinforcement by comparing the obtained values of strength characteristics has been substantiated. Practical significance. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their application in order to simplify, modernize and improve the technology of stone products reinforcement for its widespread introduction as one of the basic technologies in the conditions of stone processing enterprises. However, the research results confirm the fact of the expediency of using composite reinforcement (especially basalt-plastic) to improve the strength properties of stone products.
ASSESSMENT OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE UNLOADING ZONE AND ITS USE FOR THE SAFE MINING OF OUTBURST-HAZARDOUS COAL SEAMS
Authors:   М.S. Polyakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics under the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Mineev Sergei
Published: August 2022

Meta. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the main characteristics of the unloading zone in the bottom-hole part of the seam and to clarify the parameters of its use for the safe mining of outburst-hazardous coal seams. Research methodology. The article analyzes the results of determining the size of the unloading zone by various methods of monitoring the effectiveness of the measures taken and the danger of coal mining in this zone. Results. The definition of the unloading zone as some degassed part of the mountain massif with destroyed or extracted coal is formulated, when discussing the obtained results. It has been established that in this zone there is a possibility of excavation coal to a given depth without anti-emission measures with the possibility of adjusting the amount of excavation by the depth of the unloading zone, taking into account non-reducing advance. The size of the unloading zone is determined by the time bottomhole sludge, taking into account: SSS (stress-strain state), PMP (physical and mechanical properties), geological factors and technology of destruction of the array. Scientific novelty. The size of the unloading zone may vary depending on the technological factor (excavation technology). For example, with a fast plow cut, the zone does not have time to form, i.e. when a plow (combine) either takes out a strip along the entire length of the lava or can be cut forward by 2-3 m. Practical significance. The performed studies established the fact of the formation of an unloaded zone in the bottom-hole part of the formation. The time interval for the formation of an unloading zone is from 1 to 3 hours for mechanized coal mining and up to 24 hours for explosive breaking of coal, which is practically used in regulating the duration of technological processes. The unloading zone on outburst-prone formations varies from the minimum dimensions close to zero to several meters.
Penerapan Model Examples Non Example Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Interpersonal Mata Pelajaran PKN Siswa Kelas 3 SDN Harapan Baru I
Authors: Ahadya LinggarJati , Putri Fara Diba Catur , Dariyanto
Published: August 2022

Berawal dari rendahnya sikap kerja sama murid dan kepasifan dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar serta dalam proses belajar mengajar pun guru kurang melibatkan siswa sehingga siswa tidak saling bekerja sama dan belajar secara sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan interpersonal peserta didik atau dalam artian meningkatkan sikap sosial peserta didik. Selain itu dalam hal ini pun kurang terlatihnya sikap sosial siswa kepada temannya perihal afektif, yang menimbulkan kepekaan siswa terhadap temannya tidak terlihat. Dengan adanya penerapan model examples non examples dapat menambah pengalaman siswa dalam belajarnya yang semula hanya memakai metode ceramah serta kurang melibatkan peserta didik. Melalui model examples non examples ini siswa dapat saling berbaur dan berdiskusi secara kelompok, dan tidak satu arah saja. Jenis metode penelitian yang di pakai pada penelitian ini ialah penelitian tindakan kelas, yang di peruntukkan memperbaiki kekurangan dalam proses belajar mengajar. Maka dari itu dengan adanya penerapan model examples non examples di harapkan dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan interpersonal siswa dalam hal kepekaan sosial, wawasan sosial dan komunikasi sosial.
Kemampuan Siswa SD Dalam Menulis Karangan Deskripsi Berbantuan Media Gambar Berseri Berbasis Power Point
Authors: Salamah Syaffa Resudane Caesar , Widiansyah Apriyanti , Markum
Published: August 2022

Rendahnya minat menulis pada siswa kelas IV SDN Sukamaju 03 dalam menulis karangan deskripsi salah satunya di akibatkan kurangnya konsentrasi anak, tidak tertariknya siswa terhadap pembelajaran, dan minimnya penggunaan media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis karangan deskripsi menggunakan media gambar berseri berbasis (Power Point). Metode pada penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang di kemukakan oleh Kemmis dan Mc Taggart penelitian ini dilakukan sebanyak dua Siklus. Tiap siklus terdiri dari 3 pertemuan. Hasil penelitian ini merupakan hasil dari beberapa tahapan yaitu Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan tindakan, Observasi dan Refleksi. Tahap perkembangan siswa dapat di lihat, dan diukur mulai dari tahap prasiklus, jumlah siswa yang tuntas 7 orang dengan nilai presentase 24%, terdapat kenaikan nilai pada Siklus I berjumlah 12 siswa tuntas dengan peresentase 41 % dan pada Siklus II berjumlah 24 siswa dengan nilai presentase 83 % yang di harapkan benar – benar menerapkan media pembelajaran gambar berseri berbasis Power Point di sekolah dasar.
Motivasi Dalam Kegiatan Menyimak Dongeng Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Athifah Farhah , Rony Zahara Tussoleha , Widiansyah Apriyanti
Published: August 2022

Kegiatan menyimak membutuhkan motivasi terutama pada siswa sekolah dasar. Motivasi pada proses kegiatan menyimak dapat timbul dari berbagai faktor. Motivasi siswa dapat diamati dari proses belajar yang dilakukan. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat motivasi siswa kelas 3B Sekolah Dasar Negeri Harapan Baru I dalam proses belajar menyimak dongeng dan mengamati faktor-faktor apa saja yang berpengaruh pada motivasi siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan melakukan pengamatan secara mendalam di kelas 3B Sekolah Dasar Negeri Harapan Baru I. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi agar dapat melihat dengan detail motivasi siswa saat proses belajar menyimak dongeng juga faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi tersebut. Insturmen penelitian ini berupa kegiatan observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan pengumpulan dokumentasi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah siswa kelas 3B memiliki motivasi yang cukup baik pada pembelajaran menyimak dongeng. Dan faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi siswa kelas 3B saat pembelajaran menyimak yaitu faktor fisik, faktor pengalaman, dan faktor lingkungan. Secara keseluruhan motivasi siswa kelas 3B dalam pembelajaran menyimak dongeng dinyatakan baik.
Species of the genus Intoshia occurring in the White and Barents Seas (Mesozoa, Orthonectida)
Authors: Slyusarev GS.
Published: August 2022

Intoshia linei Giard is found in the Barents Sea and I. variabili (Aleksandrov & Slyusarev) registered both in the Barents and White Seas.
New data on distribution of Giraudiella inclusa (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Przhiboro A.A. , Skuhravá M.
Published: August 2022

Giraudiella inclusa (Frauenfeld) is recorded from NW Russia, near the polar circle (66°20'N). It is the northernmost record of this widespread species, ca. 650 km N of the previously known range. The distribution of G. inclusa is discussed; data on its habitat in NW Russia are given.
Diet of juveniles and adults of the Cuban Giant Frog, Eleutherodactylus zeus
(Anura: Eleutherodactylidae)
Authors: García-Padrón L. Yusnaviel
Published: August 2022

Anurans are gape-limited predators and therefore larger individuals are capable of consuming larger prey. Stomach contents of the Cuban Giant Frog, Eleutherodactylus zeus, from caves in the northeastern-most part of the Sierra de Quemados in Viñales National Park, Pinar del Río Province, Cuba, were indicative of ontogenetic changes in diet. Although niche overlap among size classes was relatively high, larger frogs consumed larger but fewer prey items. Predator and prey sizes were positively correlated in both adults and juveniles, whereas predator size and number of prey items per stomach was negatively correlated.
Catira Digital: as danças populares nas aulas de Educação Física em formato remoto
Authors: Cardoso Gabriel Garcia Borges , Nunes Macedo Eliene
Published: August 2022

Este artigo relata o trato com a Catira, uma dança popular típica da região centro-oeste do Brasil, nas aulas de Educação Física em formato remoto. As intervenções foram planejadas para três turmas do 1° ano do ensino fundamental, de uma escola pública do município de Senador Canedo, durante o segundo módulo do Programa de Residência Pedagógica. Ao longo do planejamento, nos aproximando da metodologia crítico-superadora, tivemos como objetivo apresentar conceitos importantes das danças populares, além de possibilitar a vivência, em formato remoto de forma assíncrona, da Catira. Após as intervenções, constatamos um baixo número de alunos que participam das aulas de Educação Física em formato remoto. Nota-se, portanto, que esse formato de ensino que privilegia apenas aqueles que possuem acesso à internet e às tecnologias, não cumpre com o real papel da educação pública: ser o local de ensino democrático.
Assessment of neurosurgical resident milestone evaluation reporting and feedback processes
Authors: Clarke Michelle J. , Frimannsdottir Katrin
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Structured performance evaluations are important for the professional development and personal growth of resident learners. This process is formalized by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education milestones assessment system. The primary aim of this study was to understand the current feedback delivery mechanism by exploring the culture of feedback, the mechanics of delivery, and the evaluation of the feedback itself.

METHODS

Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 10 neurosurgery residents exploring their perceptions of summative feedback. Coded data were analyzed qualitatively for overriding themes using the matrix framework method. A priori themes of definition of feedback, feedback delivery, and impact of feedback were combined with de novo themes discovered during analysis.

RESULTS

Trainees prioritized formative over summative feedback. Summative and milestone feedback were criticized as being vague, misaligned with practice, and often perceived as erroneous. Barriers to implementation of summative feedback included perceived veracity of feedback, high interrater variability, and the inconstant adoption of a developmental progression model. Gender bias was noted in degree of feedback provided and language used.

CONCLUSIONS

Trainee perception of feedback provided multiple areas of improvement. This paper can serve as a baseline to study improvements in the milestone feedback process and optimize learning.
The prevalence of imposter syndrome among young neurosurgeons and residents in neurosurgery: a multicentric study
Authors: Zaed Ismail , Bongetta Daniele , Della Pepa Giuseppe Maria , Zoia Cesare , Somma Teresa , Zoli Matteo , Raffa Giovanni , Menna Grazia
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Imposter syndrome (IS) occurs when high-achieving individuals have a pervasive sense of self-doubt combined with fear of being exposed as a fraud, despite objective measures of success. This is one of the main causes of burnout among professionals, threatening their mental health and general well-being. The prevalence and severity of IS among neurosurgery residents and young neurosurgeons has not been yet studied. The primary outcomes of this study were the prevalence and severity of IS.

METHODS

An anonymous cross-sectional survey including both a demographic questionnaire (Clance Imposter Phenomenon Survey) and compensatory mechanisms was distributed to young neurosurgeons and residents in neurosurgery in Italy.

RESULTS

A total of 103 responses were collected. The prevalence rate was 81.6%. Among the respondents with IS, 42.7% showed moderate signs, 27.2% frequent, and only 11.7% had an intense symptomatology. Level of education, female sex, and academic achievements were all identified as predictive factors of IS.

CONCLUSIONS

A total of 81.6% of respondents reported potentially significant levels. The implications of IS on both the outcomes in patients and the well-being of neurosurgeons should be evaluated in future studies.
Construct validity of the Surgical Autonomy Program for the training of neurosurgical residents
Authors: Kirsch Elayna P. , Suarez Alexander , McDaniel Katherine E. , Dharmapurikar Rajeev , Dunn Timothy , Lad Shivanand P. , Haglund Michael M.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

There is no standard way in which physicians teach or evaluate surgical residents intraoperatively, and residents are proving to not be fully competent at core surgical procedures upon graduating. The Surgical Autonomy Program (SAP) is a novel educational model that combines a modified version of the Zwisch scale with Vygotsky’s social learning theory. The objective of this study was to establish preliminary validity evidence that SAP is a reliable measure of autonomy and a useful tool for tracking competency over time.

METHODS

The SAP breaks each surgical case into 4 parts, or zones of proximal development (ZPDs). Residents are evaluated on a 4-tier autonomy scale (TAGS scale) for each ZPD in every surgical case. Attendings were provided with a teaching session about SAP and identified appropriate ZPDs for surgical cases under their area of expertise. All neurosurgery residents at Duke University Hospital from July 2017 to July 2021 participated in this study. Chi-square tests and ordinal logistic regression were used for the analyses.

RESULTS

Between 2017 and 2021, there were 4885 cases logged by 27 residents. There were 30 attendings who evaluated residents using SAP. Faculty completed evaluations on 91% of cases. The ZPD of focus directly correlated with year of residency (postgraduate year) (χ2 = 1221.1, df = 15, p < 0.001). The autonomy level increased with year of residency (χ2 = 3553.5, df = 15, p < 0.001). An ordinal regression analysis showed that for every year increase in postgraduate year, the odds of operating at a higher level of independence was 2.16 times greater (95% CI 2.11–2.21, p < 0.001). The odds of residents performing with greater autonomy was lowest for the most complex portion of the case (ZPD3) (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.17–0.20, p < 0.001). Residents have less autonomy with increased case complexity (χ2 = 160.28, df = 6, p < 0.001). Compared with average cases, residents were more likely to operate with greater autonomy on easy cases (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.29–1.61, p < 0.001) and less likely to do so on difficult cases (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67–0.77, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates preliminary evidence supporting the construct validity of the SAP. This tool successfully tracks resident autonomy and progress over time. The authors’ smartphone application was widely used among surgical faculty and residents, supporting integration into the perioperative workflow. Wide implementation of SAP across multiple surgical centers will aid in the movement toward a competency-based residency education system.
Effects of 24-hour versus night-float call schedules on the clinical and operative experiences of postgraduate year 2 and 3 neurosurgical residents
Authors: Bowden Stephen G. , Siler Dominic A. , Shahin Maryam N. , Mazur-Hart David J. , Munger Daniel N. , Ross Miner N. , O’Neill Brannan E. , Nerison Caleb S. , Rothbaum Michael , Han Seunggu J. , Wright James M. , Orina Josiah N. , Winer Jesse L. , Selden Nathan R.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

To comply with the removal of the 88-hour week exemption and to support additional operative experience during junior residency, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) switched from a night-float call schedule to a modified 24-hour call schedule on July 1, 2019. This study compared the volumes of clinical, procedural, and operative cases experienced by postgraduate year 2 (PGY-2) and PGY-3 residents under these systems.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively studied billing and related clinical records, call schedules, and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education case logs for PGY-2 and PGY-3 residents at OHSU, a tertiary academic health center, for the first 4 months of the academic years from 2017 to 2020. The authors analyzed the volumes of new patient consultations, bedside procedures, and operative procedures performed by each PGY-2 and PGY-3 resident during these years, comparing the volumes experienced under each call system.

RESULTS

Changing from a PGY-2 resident–focused night-float call system to a 24-hour call system that was more evenly distributed between PGY-2 and PGY-3 residents resulted in decreased volume of new patient consultations, increased volume of operative procedures, and no change in volume of bedside procedures for PGY-2 residents. PGY-3 residents experienced a decrease in operative procedure volume under the 24-hour call system.

CONCLUSIONS

Transition from a night-float system to a 24-hour call system altered the distribution of clinical and procedural experiences between PGY-2 and PGY-3 residents. Further research is necessary to understand the impact of these changes on educational outcomes, quality and safety of patient care, and resident satisfaction.
Neurosurgery resident training using blended learning concepts: course development and participant evaluation
Authors: Hickmann Anne-Katrin , Ferrari Andrea , Bozinov Oliver , Stienen Martin N. , Ostendorp Carsten
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Restrictions on working time and healthcare expenditures, as well as increasing subspecialization with caseload requirements per surgeon and increased quality-of-care expectations, provide limited opportunities for surgical residents to be trained in the operating room. Yet, surgical training requires goal-oriented and focused practice. As a result, training simulators are increasingly utilized. The authors designed a two-step blended course consisting of a personalized adaptive electronic learning (e-learning) module followed by simulator training. This paper reports on course development and the evaluation by the first participants.

METHODS

Adaptive e-learning was curated by learning engineers based on theoretical information provided by clinicians (subject matter experts). A lumbar spine model for image-guided spinal injections was used for the simulator training. Residents were assigned to the e-learning module first; after its completion, they participated in the simulator training. Performance data were recorded for each participant’s e-learning module, which was necessary to personalize the learning experience to each individual’s knowledge and needs. Simulator training was organized in small groups with a 1-to-4 instructor-to-participant ratio. Structured assessments were undertaken, adapted from the Student Evaluation of Educational Quality.

RESULTS

The adaptive e-learning module was curated, reviewed, and approved within 10 weeks. Eight participants have taken the course to date. The overall rating of the course is very good (4.8/5). Adaptive e-learning is well received compared with other e-learning types (8/10), but scores lower regarding usefulness, efficiency, and fun compared with the simulator training, despite improved conscious competency (32.6% ± 15.1%) and decreased subconscious incompetency (22.8% ± 10.2%). The subjective skill level improved by 20%. Asked about the estimated impact of the course, participants indicated that they had either learned something new that they plan to use in their practice (71.4%) or felt reassured in their practice (28.6%).

CONCLUSIONS

The development of a blended training course combining adaptive e-learning and simulator training in a rapid manner is feasible and leads to improved skills. Simulator training is rated more valuable by surgical trainees than theoretical e-learning; the impact of this type of training on patient care needs to be further investigated.
True anaplastic oligoastrocytoma with dual genotype: illustrative case
Authors: Mizuno Reina , Homma Taku , Adachi Jun-ichi , Mishima Kazuhiko , Suzuki Tomonari , Shirahata Mitsuaki , Nishikawa Ryo , Atushi Sasaki
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

The revised fourth edition of the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors was published in 2016. Based on this classification, one of the infiltrating glioma entities named “oligoastrocytoma/anaplastic oligoastrocytoma” is discouraged. It is proposed that these mixed gliomas should be classified as diffuse astrocytoma/anaplastic astrocytoma or oligodendroglioma/anaplastic oligodendroglioma when analyzing their genetic alteration.

OBSERVATIONS

A 78-year-old female underwent brain computed tomography (CT) because of a traffic accident. Cranial CT revealed a brain tumor in the left temporoparietal lobe; therefore, she was hospitalized. She underwent awake craniotomy. After the operation, she was treated with only local radiotherapy; the authors could not prescribe temozolomide, because she had had levetiracetam-induced pancytopenia. The remaining tumor neuroradiologically disappeared, and she was alive 40 months after the operation without tumor recurrence.

LESSONS

Histopathologically, this tumor was diagnosed as an anaplastic oligoastrocytoma with a distinct dual phenotype of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma components. Genetically, these two components revealed astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma genotypes, respectively. Therefore, the authors considered the integrated diagnosis of the temporal tumor as a true anaplastic oligoastrocytoma with a dual genotype. Interestingly, this case also included an area composed of spindle to oval neoplastic cells that revealed intermediate genetic alterations between astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas.
Simultaneous microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm involving a dolichoectatic vertebral artery in an elderly patient: illustrative case
Authors: Marianayagam Neelan J. , Qureshi Hanya M. , Vasandani Sagar , Vetsa Shaurey , Jalal Muhammad , Wu Kun , Moliterno Jennifer
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

Hyperactive cranial neuropathies refractory to medical management can often be debilitating to patients. While microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery can provide relief to such patients when an aberrant vessel is compressing the root entry zone (REZ) of the nerve, the arteries of elderly patients over 65 years of age can be less amenable to manipulation because of calcifications and other morphological changes. A dolichoectatic vertebral artery (DVA), in fact, can lead to multiple cranial neuropathies; therefore, a strategy for MVDs in elderly patients is useful.

OBSERVATIONS

A 76-year-old man presented with medically refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and hemifacial spasm (HFS). A DVA was the conflicting vessel at the left REZs of the trigeminal and facial nerves. The authors performed a retrosigmoid craniotomy for MVD of the DVA with Teflon padding at both REZs in approximately 1 hour of operative time. The patient was free of facial pain and spasm immediately after surgery and at follow-up.

LESSONS

The authors described the case of an elderly patient with both TN and HFS caused by compression of a DVA. Simultaneous MVD with Teflon padding at both REZs provided symptomatic relief with limited surgical time. This can be a particularly useful and straightforward surgical strategy in the elderly population.
Endovascular treatment of an aneurysm arising from the minor limb of an upper basilar artery fenestration: illustrative case
Authors: Matsuo Ayaka , Hiu Takeshi , Otsuka Hiroaki , Miyazaki Atsushi , Haraguchi Wataru , Kawahara Ichiro , Ono Tomonori , Izumo Tsuyoshi , Matsuo Takayuki , Tsutsumi Keisuke
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND

An aneurysm arising in an upper basilar artery (BA) fenestration is extremely rare. The authors reported a case involving successful endovascular treatment of an aneurysm arising from the minor limb of an upper BA fenestration.

OBSERVATIONS

A 65-year-old woman presented with an incidentally detected upper BA aneurysm arising from the minor limb of an upper BA fenestration. The irregularly shaped aneurysm was 6.0 × 2.7 mm in diameter, and the minor limb had several perforators. The aneurysm was nearly completely occluded with a catheter-assisted technique. The authors preserved both limbs of the BA fenestration. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient had an excellent clinical course with no neurological deficits or aneurysmal recanalization.

LESSONS

The case is the first report of an unruptured aneurysm arising at the minor limb of an upper BA fenestration. In this case, the authors preserved the minor limb with endovascular treatment. The authors believe catheter-assisted coil embolization to be a feasible endovascular technique in such cases.
Age-Related Differences in the Expression of Causal Relationships During Narrative Production of Croatian Children
Authors: Košutar Sara , Kramarić Matea , Hržica Gordana
Published: August 2022

A successful narration relies on the ability of an individual to express a coherent sequence of temporally and causally related events organised around a specific theme, and this skill typically develops in early preschool age. Narrative coherence can be assessed by sequences or elements of story grammar. According to the causal network model, story grammar is viewed as an interconnected network of causal relationships, including enabling, physical, motivational, and psychological relationships. The importance of causal coherence has been recognised in many studies dealing with narrative discourse from the developmentalperspective. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent results with respect to the use of different types of causal relationships in the narratives of children of different ages. In the present study, we aimed to examine the differences between preschool and school children in their ability to express causal relationships, both overall and specific, in the narratives that they produce. Participants were monolingual Croatian-speaking children with typical language development, who were stratified into two groups: preschool (n = 41, mean age = 6;3 years) and school children (n = 50, mean age = 8;4 years). Narratives were collected using the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN), which was adapted to Croatian. The results show significant differences between the two groups of children in the overall proportion of causal relationships expressed, as well as specifically in the proportion of motivational relationships. There were no significant differences between the groups in production of enabling, physical, or psychological relationships. School children expressed more causal relationships overall than preschool children, as well as specifically more motivational relationships. As far as we know, this study is the first to investigate causality in the narratives of monolingual Croatian-speaking children using the causal network model. Our results only partially confirm the findings of previous studies, suggesting the need for further research to better understand the development of causal coherence in children’s narrative discourse.