bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Using Open the Box Type Wordwall Educational Game on Students' IPAS Cognitive Learning Outcomes
Authors: DS- Yulistina Nur , Latifatusadiah Tia , Widiastuti Hesti , Prawiyogi Anggy Giri , Amelia Meilani
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effect of using the open the box type wordwall educational game on the cognitive learning outcomes of IPAS students at SDN Palumbonsari 1, East Karawang District. This study used a quantitative method of pre-experiment type with a one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were all fourth grade students of SDN Palumbonsari 1, totaling 135 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique, so the sample in this study was class IV A with a total of 46 people. Data collection techniques using multiple choice tests as many as 30 items before and after treatment. Then carried out feasibility testing with validity test obtained 20 valid items, reliability test obtained r11 0.73, differentiator test and difficulty level.  Data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistics. Then the statistical hypothesis test was carried out with the paired sample t-test test obtained a Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.001 < 0.05, meaning that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of using the open the box type wordwall educational game on the cognitive learning outcomes of IPAS students at SDN Palumbonsari 1.
Cultivation of Microalgae Mixed Culture from Mahoni Small Lake UI Campus Depok using Zeolite Substrate with Varying Pb Concentration
Authors: Mutmainah Sri , Prihantini Nining Betawati
Published: October 2024

Research on the cultivation of mixed cultures of Situ (small lake) Mahoni UI Campus Depok has been done. This research was a preliminary study to measure and compare the growth of Situ Mahoni mixed cultures microalgae grown in Bold's Basal Medium (BBM) with addition of zeolite and without addition of zeolite, and varying concentrations of heavy metal Pb. The concentrations of heavy metal Pb used were 0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, 80 ppm, and 100 ppm for two treatments. The results of this research were that the growth of mixed cultures with the addition of zeolite had the highest abundance of 8.800 cells/mL on day 5 (T5) at a Pb concentration of 40 ppm. Meanwhile, the growth of mixed culture without the addition of zeolite had the highest abundance of 21.700 cells/mL on day 10 (T10) at a Pb concentration of 60 ppm. The growth of microalgae mixed cultures in the medium without addition of zeolite was higher than using zeolite. The activation of zeolite pores causes the microalgae growth is relatively lower. This work aimed to study the growth of a mixed cultures microalgae in varying concentrations of Pb with and without the addition of zeolite
Elementary School Teacher's Competence in Implementing Differentiated Learning in Surakarta City
Authors: Istiyati Siti , Supianto  , Marmoah Sri , Poerwanti Jenny Indrastoeti Siti , Sukarno
Published: October 2024

In elementary schools, differentiated learning is crucial as this phase is a critical period for establishing fundamental learning and child development. Differentiated learning aims not only to improve academic outcomes but also to develop students' social and emotional skills. The findings are expected to offer concrete recommendations for developing more effective teacher training programs and educational policies that support differentiated learning, enhancing education quality and student learning outcomes in elementary schools. This study evaluates elementary school teachers' competencies in implementing differentiated learning in Surakarta. A survey research design was used to collect data on teachers' abilities to plan, implement, and evaluate differentiated learning. Using a quantitative approach, the study involved 214 teachers randomly selected from various elementary schools in Surakarta. The distributed questionnaire collected data on knowledge, skills, and differentiated learning practices. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis with SPSS software. The results reveal variation in teacher competencies, with strengths primarily in using differentiated learning media and practice reflection, while the greatest challenges are in assessing student learning progress and implementing strategies. These findings highlight the need for additional training and support to enhance the effectiveness of differentiated learning implementation in elementary schools.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Padlet Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi pada Siswa-siswi Kelas VIII SMP HKBP Sidorame Medan
Authors: Purba Tresia , Lisnora Saragih Elza Leyli , Manurung Rolan
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Padlet Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Pada Siswa - Siswi Kelas VIII SMP HKBP Sidorame Medan TP 2024/2025. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian One grup pretest dan posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII dengan jumlah 21 orang dan yang menjadi sampel  dalam penelitian ini adalah  kelas VIII sebanyak 21 siswa yang ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas menggunakan uji F, uji homogenitas dan uji hipotesis. Setelah dilakukan penelitian untuk pretest dan posttest penggunaan Aplikasi Padlet, diperoleh nilai rata-rata pretest yaitu 41,3 dengan simpangan baku 11,92 dan nilai rata-rata pada posttest yaitu 81,14 dengan simpangan baku 14,34. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan uji “t” pada taraf signifikan ⍺ =0,05, diperoleh thitung > ttabel (9.5 > 2.021), dengan demikian bahawa H0 ditolak, dan Ha  diterima. Hasil uji prasyarat data pretest dan posttest menyatakan sampel terdistribusi normal dan homogen. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Padlet Terhadap Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Pada Siswa - Siswi Kelas VIII SMP HKBP Sidorame Medan TP 2024/2025.
Bioplastics From Fruit Waste: A Trade Opportunity in a Green Future
Authors:   Department of Horticulture, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Ahmednagar, 413722, Maharashtra (India), R. Wale Shraddha
Published: October 2024

Bioplastics are biologically derived, biodegradable polymers. Food waste is a challenge for sustainable development as it can increase greenhouse gas emissions and other issues related to the environment. Meanwhile, plastic waste contributes significantly to environmental pollution. Because of increasing environmental concerns due to conventional plastics, the development of “environmentally friendly” materials has attracted extensive interest. Fruit waste is known to increase during fruit processing and manufacturing. The present study aims to explore the potential of fruit waste as a bioplastic material as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional plastic. Most of the fruit wastes have the potential to be developed as bioplastics as they contain starch, cellulose, pectin, and other biopolymers. Some of the fruit waste is generated by the fruit processing industries, including banana peel, pineapple peel, durian seed, jackfruit seed, avocado seed, orange peel, jackfruit perianth, pomegranate peel and dragon fruit peel etc. The production of bioplastics from fruit waste offers the potential to indirectly address two issues, namely reducing plastic waste and fruit waste, at the same time, thereby promoting environmental sustainability. In order to overcome the challenges and develop workable methods for producing bio-based plastics, it is in fact necessary to step up innovations and research in this area. This eco-friendly strategy can reduce our dependency on conventional polymers made of fossil fuels and take us to a more sustainable future.
Exploring Newer Molecules With Novel Modes of Action For The Management of The Invasive Maize Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, T Srinivasan , PS Shanmugam ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, V Baskaran ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, B Vinothkumar ,   2ICAR - Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Wood House Farm, Dodabetta, Ooty – 643002, Tamil Nadu, India, A Suganthi ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, T Elaiyabharathi ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Soujanya Lakshmi , S Bagyaraj ,   ICAR- Indian Institute of Maize Research, Winter Nursery Centre, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500 030, Telangana, India, V Somasundaram ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, JC Sekar ,   Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, In, S Sivakumar ,   Department of Millets, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, R Ravikesavan ,   Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India
Published: October 2024

Maize is affected by more than 30 insect pests and the recent attack by the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda has been a serious concern to maize growers all over the country. Being polyphagous with a wider host range, the pest necessitates the use of insecticides in the hitherto unsprayed maize ecosystems of the country. Evaluation of newer insecticides against fall armyworm revealed that, the combination insecticide, chlorantraniliprole 9.3% + lambda cyhalothrin 4.6%ZC registered lesser infestation after first round of spraying. However after two rounds of spraying, emamectin benzoate 5%SG, spinetoram 11.7%SC, chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC, flubendiamide 480%SC and chlorantraniliprole 9.3% + lambda cyhalothrin 4.6%ZC were on par in their efficacy in reducing the fall armyworm infestation, though emamectin benzoate and flubendiamide treated plots registered comparatively higher yields. With respect to B:C ratio, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole 18.5%SC registered comparatively higher BC ratio followed by flubendiamide 480%SC, spinetoram 11.7%SC and chlorantraniliprole 9.3% + lambda cyhalothrin 4.6% ZC. Thus the above insecticides can be used in maize ecosystems to effectively tackle the fall armyworm menace.
Su due stele frammentarie del visir Khay
Authors: Orsenigo Christian
Published: October 2024

Since the recent identification of the pyramid of Khay, vizier of Ramesses II, on the hills of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna by the Belgian archaeological mission, this high official has drawn renewed interest. This paper presents and discusses two fragmentary stelae attributable to Khay, one held in the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum in Glasgow (1902.116.n.1-4), the other in the Museo Egizio, Turin (Suppl. 6000).
Characterization of a wiener process taking values in a Hilbert space
Authors: M. GEETHA
Published: October 2024

This paper characterize wiener process by taking values in a Hilbert space. A standard wiener process is stochastic process indesed by nonnegative real numbers t with the following properties: W0=0 With probability 1, the function t àWt is continuous in t. The process has stationary, independent increments. The increments - Ws has the NORMAL (0,t) distribution
A study of CPITN score in Periodontics Clinic Patients, RSGM Airlangga University, 2022
Authors: Shafira Kurnia  , I Komang Evan Wijaksana  , Safinka Afra Natasya  , Hindun Fitria Masitoh  , Nafida Felitia Cahyani  , Lambang Bargowo  , Eka Fitria Augustina
Published: October 2024

Background: Approximately 90% of the global population suffers from periodontal disesase, characterizes by bleeding gums, pain, and bad breath. The impact of this disease is diverse, ranging from tooth loss, disruption of aesthetics and confidence, to influencing individual nutritional status. The disease can be caused by damage of the periodontal tissues. Therefore, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) is highly essential for assessing the extend of issues in periodontal tissues, including evaluating oral and dental health problems in patients. This assessment can aid in the treatment and prevention of periodontal disease. Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive study. The population consists of all patients who visited the periodontology clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, in the year 2022. The sample was taken using a total sampling technique, involving secondary data obtained from the periodontal status cards of patients, specifically focusing on the examination data related to the condition of periodontal tissues based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Conclusion: The CPITN scores vary between gender and age groups of the patients. Therefore, bivariate research is needed to analyze the relationship of these parameters with the CPITN scores of periodontology patients.
Antioxidants as adjuvant in cancer therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Ragheed Hameed Majeed Alrubaye
Published: October 2024

While cancer therapies can effectively remove malignant cells from the body, their efficacy is mostly limited to a number of harmful side effects. Antioxidant treatment is therefore frequently necessary to lessen these negative effects by lowering reactive species levels and minimizing chronic oxidative damage. Antioxidants have a crucial role in inhibiting the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species as well as their activities. Reviewing the role of antioxidants in the development or prevention of cancer was the goal of this study. It is thought that antioxidants can both prevent and treat different kinds of cancer. As of right now, cancer prevention and treatment have primarily involved consuming natural antioxidant substances. These are unquestionably cell-type- and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-specific, as evidenced by alterations in gene expression, cellular activities, and mechanisms of cell death. By decreasing hydrogen donors or quenching singlet oxygen and postponing oxidative reactions in cancer cells that are actively developing, natural antioxidants eliminate an overabundance of free radical intermediates. The primary topics covered in this study are antioxidant categorization, metabolic regulation, and antioxidant involvement in cancer treatment.
A university-wide approach to finding opportunities to support mental health and wellbeing in New Zealand tertiary institutions
Authors:   University of Canterbury, Sillifant Tessa
Published: October 2024

The Education (Pastoral Care of Tertiary and International Learners) Code of Practice 2021 (the Code) recognises the challenges our student population can face (New Zealand Qualifications Authority [NZQA], 2021). It is in place to support the wellbeing and safety of learners studying with a New Zealand education provider. In line with the Code, universities across New Zealand are looking at ways to support the mental health and wellbeing of our tertiary students. This article provides an overview of some of the mental health challenges experienced in New Zealand, and how the Code supports the wellbeing and safety of students. After reviewing literature on the mental health and addiction challenges in New Zealand and collaborating with directors and leaders of student services/wellbeing, a series of recommendations were devised. This article shares the recommendations, which focus on taking a holistic approach to support both our domestic and international students. The recommendations focus on breaking down barriers preventing students from seeking mental health support; normalising help-seeking behaviours; and working together with staff, students, and support services to make a positive difference to the mental health of our students.
Modernization of the PGU-450 thermal circuit with an increase in the thermal power of heating selections and preservation of the total electric power
Authors: Zverev L. O. , Zlobin V. G. , Zvereva E. R.
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE. Modernization of the PGU with an increase in thermal power and preservation of electrical power using a block afterburning device (BDU) in a heat recovery boiler (CU). METHODS. Comparative studies of the characteristics of the PGU-450 without a BDU and with an installed DBU were conducted results. As a result of comparative studies of the main characteristics of the PGU-450 and the main characteristics of the PGU-450 before and after installation of the DBU in recovery boilers, it was shown that the use of the BDU effectively solves the problem of covering peak thermal loads in the transition periods of the OSP (spring – summer; autumn – winter); the possibility of long-term operation of the BDU during the entire period of operation of the PG unit is shown; it is revealed that it is most advisable to implement the BDU on the PGU blocks for which the obligations under the DPM agreements have expired. By increasing the electric power by 6% (in the heating mode), the payment for power in the KOM market increases; an increase in the electric power of the PGU unit when operating in condensation mode by 11% minimizes the under-supply of power to the OREM at outdoor temperatures above + 15 degrees; Despite a 3% increase in URUE to 190 g/kWh, the electric energy produced remains competitive in the OREM. CONCLUSION. Thus, as a result of the research, it was shown that when the DBU is switched on, the thermal power of the PGU-450 increases to 320 Gcal/hour, which makes it possible to cover the missing thermal power. Thus, the operation of the T-250 in a mode close to condensation with an URUT ee of 350 g / kWh is excluded, and the entire thermal load is covered by the PGU-450, but with a slightly degraded URUT ee of 190 g / kWh. Such a composition of the CHP equipment ensures the maximum possible economic efficiency of the plant in the electricity market with full coverage of heat consumption.
Penegakan Hukum Pada Kasus Investasi Ilegal Daring Ditinjau dari Aspek Restorative Justice
Authors: Putri Nirwana , Adlia Nur Zhafarina
Published: October 2024

Illegal online investments have become a serious issue in the modern financial world, affecting communities and causing financial instability. This study examines the restorative justice approach in law enforcement against perpetrators of illegal online investments, with a focus on empowering victims, rehabilitating wrongdoers, and recovering losses incurred by these illicit investment schemes using normative legal research methods. The research findings demonstrate that the restorative justice approach can provide more effective solutions to address illegal online investments. By empowering victims, they can actively participate in the law enforcement process, gaining a better understanding of fraudulent schemes and how to prevent them in the future. Second, rehabilitating wrongdoers becomes a crucial component of restorative justice. By identifying the causes and factors that drive individuals to engage in illegal online investment schemes, the legal system can offer opportunities for them to learn from their mistakes, change their behavior, and undergo rehabilitation. This can help reduce the risk of these individuals getting involved in illegal activities again in the future. Third, within the context of restorative justice, compensation and restitution take center stage. Material and moral restitution to victims can restore a sense of justice and rebuild public trust in the legal system. The restorative justice approach in enforcing the law against illegal online investment perpetrators offers solutions centered around recovery, victim empowerment, wrongdoer rehabilitation, and compensation for victims. In the effort to combat illegal online investments, restorative justice can serve as an effective tool to bring about justice and rectify the losses caused by these unlawful practices. This can be achieved through collaboration between the government, financial institutions, and the community. Thus, the restorative justice approach can make a significant contribution to the fight against illegal online investments and create a safer and fairer financial environment.
Assessment of the Impact of Household Income on Child Labour in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: Musa Ibrahim
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of household income on child labour in the Bauchi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. The study employs the use of a survey research design through questionnaires. Data were obtained from 50 respondents who reside in the Bauchi Local Government Area of Bauchi State. The study makes use of percentage analysis and chi-square for data analysis and tables for data presentation. The result shows that low household income and lack of economic opportunities are the major determinants of child labour in the area, with an inverse relationship between household income and child labour. The research finds that a large majority of respondents (80%) do not receive grants or support from the government. Therefore, the study recommends policies that will provide more employment opportunities and household income schemes.
Sustratos y frecuencias de riego óptimos para el crecimiento de plantas de mandarino Cleopatra (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan) para porta-injertos
Authors: Romano A. S. , Aramayo D. R.
Published: October 2024

Plantas jóvenes de mandarino Cleopatra (Citrus reshni Hort. ex Tan.) son frecuentemente utilizadas como porta-injertos en plantaciones comerciales. Para el cultivo de estas plantas se emplean importantes cantidades anuales de suelo de monte. Esto conduce a deteriorar los ambientes de origen, afectando su sustentabilidad por la descontrolada erosión que producen. Se propone identificar sustratos alternativos para la obtención de plantines porta-injertos comerciales y determinar una frecuencia de riego con solución nutritiva más efectiva para dicha finalidad. Del análisis de los resultados surge que, para cultivar plantines de mandarino Cleopatra y obtener el diámetro de injertación de 0,50 cm en el menor tiempo, es posible utilizar arena + turba 50:50 regando día por medio con solución nutritiva según UC System. Esta mezcla puede sustituir de manera efectiva al suelo de monte actualmente empleado en viveros.
RGS Proteins in Sympathetic Nervous System Regulation: Focus on Adrenal RGS4
Authors: Lymperopoulos Anastasios , Stoicovy Renee A.
Published: October 2024

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) consists largely of two different types of components: neurons that release the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE, noradrenaline) to modulate homeostasis of the innevrvated effector organ or tissue and adrenal chromaffin cells, which synthesize and secrete the hormone epinephrine (Epi, adrenaline) and some NE into the blood circulation to act at distant organs and tissues that are not directly innervated by the SNS. Like almost every physiological process in the human body, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) tightly modulate both NE release from sympathetic neuronal terminals and catecholamine (CA) secretion from the adrenal medulla. Regulator of G protein Signaling (RGS) proteins, acting as guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase)-activating proteins (GAPs) for the Gα subunits of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins), play a central role in silencing G protein signaling from a plethora of GPCRs. Certain RGS proteins and, in particular, RGS4, have been implicated in regulation of SNS activity and of adrenal chromaffin cell CA secretion. More specifically, recent studies have implicated RGS4 in regulation of NE release from cardiac sympathetic neurons by means of terminating free fatty acid receptor (FFAR)-3 calcium signaling and in regulation of NE and Epi secretion from the adrenal medulla by means of terminating cholinergic calcium signaling in adrenal chromaffin cells. Thus, in this review, we provide an overview of the current literature on the involvement of RGS proteins, with a particular focus on RGS4, in these two processes, i.e., NE release from sympathetic nerve terminals & CA secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells. We also highlight the therapeutic potential of RGS4 pharmacological manipulation for diseases characterized by sympathetic dysfunction or SNS hyperactivity, such as heart failure and hypertension.
Roles of Chemokine Axes in Breast Cancer
Authors: Son Deok-Soo , Adunyah Samuel E.
Published: October 2024

Chemokines bind to specific chemokine receptors, known as cell surface G protein-coupled receptors, constructing chemokine axes which lead to cell migration and invasion in developmental stage, pathophysiological process, and immune reactions. The chemokine axes in the tumor microenvironment are involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, cancer stem-like cell properties, metastasis, and chemoresistance, modifying tumor immune contexture and cancer progression. Clinical features, including tumor state, grade, lymph node metastasis, and cancer subtypes, are related to the specific chemokine axes, which play a significant role in immune contexture and cell to cell interaction in the tumor microenvironment, followed by altered cancer prognosis and overall survival. The present review summarizes the role of chemokine axes in breast cancer, based on data obtained from cell line and animal models and human tumor samples. This review provides information that understand the important roles of each chemokine axis in breast cancer, probably offering a clue of adjuvant therapeutic options to improve the quality of life and survival for patients with breast cancer.
Role of Denitrification in Selenite Reduction by Azospirillum brasilense with the Formation of Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Tugarova Anna V. , Mamchenkova Polina V. , Vladimirova Anastasiya A. , Petrova Lilia P. , Shelud'ko Andrei V. , Kamnev Alexander A.
Published: October 2024

Background: Many bacteria are capable of reducing selenium oxyanions, primarily selenite (SeO32-), in most cases forming selenium(0) nanostructures. The mechanisms of these transformations may vary for different bacterial species and have so far not yet been clarified in detail. Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum, including ubiquitous phytostimulating rhizobacteria, are widely studied and have potential for agricultural biotechnology and bioremediation of excessively seleniferous soils, as they are able to reduce selenite ions. Methods: Cultures of A.brasilense Sp7 and its derivatives (mutant strains) were grown on the modified liquid malate salt medium in the presence or absence of selenite. The following methods were used: spectrophotometric monitoring of bacterial growth; inhibition of glutathione (GSH) synthesis in bacteria by L-buthionine-sulfoximine (BSO); optical selenite and nitrite reduction assays; transmission electron microscopy of cells grown with and without BSO and/or selenite. Results: In a set of separate comparative studies of nitrite and selenite reduction by the wild-type strain A.brasilense Sp7 and its three specially selected derivatives (mutant strains) with different rates of nitrite reduction, a direct correlation was found between their nitrite and selenite reduction rates for all the strains used in the study. Moreover, for BSO it has been shown that its presence does not block selenite reduction in A.brasilense Sp7. Conclusions: Evidence has been presented for the first time for bacteria of the genus Azospirillum that the denitrification pathway known to be inherent in these bacteria, including nitrite reductase, is likely to be involved in selenite reduction. The results using BSO also imply that detoxification of selenite through the GSH redox system (which is commonly considered as the primary mechanism of selenite reduction in many bacteria) does not play a significant role in A.brasilense. The acquired knowledge on the mechanisms underlying biogenic transformations of inorganic selenium in A.brasilense is a step forward both in understanding the biogeochemical selenium cycle and to a variety of potential nano- and biotechnological applications.
GRK2 Protein Mediates the ANRIL, a lncRNA, to Affect the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Kasumi-1 Cells
Authors: Wang Siqi , Zhang Chengsi , Hu Huali , Xu Jianxia , Zhang Jinxin , Zhou Wu , Deng Fahua , Zhang Yaming , Hu Chenlong , Liu Yuancheng , Huang Hai , Wei Sixi
Published: October 2024

Background: A long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) called antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL), has emerged as substantial regulators of cell survival in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, its speciffc and potential mechanism is uncertain in AML. In this research, we investigated the role of ANRIL in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the underlying mechanism in AML cells. Methods: ANRIL expression was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Kasumi-1 cells were transfected with LV-ANRIL plasmid to upregulate ANRIL expression, with or without co-transfection with a G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 (GRK2) siRNA. Additionally, these cells were transfected with sh-ANRIL plasmid to inhibit ANRIL expression, with or without co-transfection with a GRK2 overexpression plasmid. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) and flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), phosphorylated-Akt (p-AKT), Bcl-2-associated protein x (BAX), B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 protein (BCL-2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cleaved caspase-3, and GRK2 were detected by western blot. The RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was conducted to investigate the interaction between ANRIL and GRK2. Results: ANRIL expression was increased in Kasumi-1 cells. ANRIL upregulation expression promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, its upregulation led to increased expressions of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, PCNA, and BCL-2, and decreased expression of BAX in Kasumi-1 cells. Additionally, transfection with GRK2 siRNA attenuated the promoting effect of LV-ANRIL on Kasumi-1 cells proliferation and the PI3K/AKT pathway, increased BAX and cleaved caspase-3 expressions, and decreased BCL-2 and PCNA expressions. GRK2 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of sh-ANRIL on cell proliferation and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Furthermore, it promoted BCL-2 and PCNA expressions, and inhibited BAX and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. RIP assay confirmed the physical interaction between ANRIL and GRK2. Conclusion: The GRK2 protein-mediated ANRIL, increasing Kasumi-1 cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis by activating the PI3K/AKT/BCL-2 pathway.
Diallyl Disulfide Mitigates Cadmium Hepatotoxicity by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling and Upregulating PPARγ
Authors: Alruhaimi Reem S. , Hassanein Emad H.M. , Alotaibi Mohammed F. , Alzoghaibi Mohammed A. , Abd El-Ghafar Omnia A.M. , Mohammad Mostafa K. , Alnasser Sulaiman M. , Mahmoud Ayman M.
Published: October 2024

Background: Heavy metals can cause serious health problems that affect different organs. Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant known for its toxicological consequences on different organs. Hepatotoxicity is a serious effect of exposure to Cd with oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation playing a central role. Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organo-sulfur compound found in garlic, is known for its cytoprotective and antioxidant effects. In this study, the effect of DADS on Cd-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and liver injury was investigated. Methods: DADS was supplemented for 14 days via oral gavage, and a single intraperitoneal dose of Cd (1.2 mg/kg body weight) was administered to rats on day 7. Blood and liver samples were collected at the end of the experiment for analyses. Results: Cd administration resulted in remarkable hepatic dysfunction, degenerative changes, necrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells, collagen deposition and other histopathological alterations. Cd increased liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) (p < 0.001), upregulated toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), pro-inflammatory mediators, and caspase-3 (p < 0.001) whereas decreased glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (p < 0.001). Cd downregulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a transcription factor involved in inflammation and OS suppression (p < 0.001). DADS ameliorated liver injury and tissue alterations, attenuated OS and apoptosis, suppressed TLR-4/NF-κB signaling, and enhanced antioxidants. In addition, DADS upregulated PPARγ in the liver of Cd-administered rats. Conclusions: DADS is effective against Cd-induced hepatotoxicity and its beneficial effects are linked to suppression of inflammation, OS and apoptosis and upregulation of PPARγ. DADS could be valuable to protect the liver in individuals at risk of Cd exposure, pending further studies to elucidate other underlying mechanism(s).
fNIRS Study of Brain Activation during Multiple Motor Control Conditions in Younger and Older Adults
Authors: Yu Duoduo , Wei Conghui , Yuan Zhen , Luo Jun
Published: October 2024

Background: Evidence suggests that aging contributes to decreased cerebral blood flow and brain oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) in the association cortices during rest. However, the influence of aging on functional brain activation is still controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the age-related dependence of HbO2 across distinct motor control conditions in both primary and association cortices. Methods: Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), this study assessed HbO2 level changes within the primary somatosensory cortex (PSC), primary motor cortex (PMC), supplementary motor cortex (SMC), prefrontal cortex (PFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) under various motor control conditions. Analysis examined changes in the concentration of HbO2 measured by fNIRS during rest, motor execution (ME), motor passivity (MP) and motor imagery (MI) with elbow flexion in 30 younger (21.5 ± 1.17 years old) and 30 older (60.9 ± 0.79 years old) adults. Results: During motor execution HbO2 was higher in younger adults than older adults in bilateral PMC, bilateral PFC, left PSC, left SMC and left DLPFC (p < 0.05). During motor passivity, HbO2 was higher in younger adults than older adults in bilateral PMC, left PSC and left SMC (p < 0.05). During motor imagery, HbO2 was higher in younger adults than older adults in bilateral PFC and bilateral DLPFC (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study provided evidence that HbO2 levels are different in the primary and association cortices during different motor control conditions in young and old adults and that HbO2 levels in different brain regions under different motor control conditions can be influenced by age.
Surgical Treatment of Atrial Septal Defects
Authors: Grieshaber Philippe , Jaschinski Christoph , Farag Mina , Fonseca-Escalante Elizabeth , Gorenflo Matthias , Karck Matthias , Loukanov Tsvetomir
Published: October 2024

Atrial septal defects (ASDs) are among the most prevalent congenital cardiac malformations. Closure of the defect and repair of associated cardiac malformations are typically indicated if an ASD is hemodynamically significant or symptomatic. This narrative review aims to summarize key aspects of surgical ASD closures. A non-systematic literature review was conducted to cover surgically relevant aspects of (developmental) anatomy, morphology, and treatment. ASDs result from diverse developmental alterations, leading to subtype-specific associated cardiac malformations, meaning surgical therapy varies accordingly. Presently, surgical repair yields excellent outcomes for all ASD subtypes, with minimally invasive approaches, especially in adults, increasingly employed for ASD closure. Surgical ASD repair is safe with excellent results. However, familiarity with ASD subtypes and typically associated lesions is crucial for optimal patient management.
The Relationship between Negative Emotions and Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Sun Xiao-Ting , Pang Yu-Qiao , Li Hui , Liuhuo Wu-sha , Tang Chao , Zhao Li-Zhi
Published: October 2024

Background: The relationship between negative emotions and atrial fibrillation (AF) has garnered significant attention, yet observational studies have yielded contradictory findings regarding the causal associations between the two. Our study sought to provide genetic evidence for a causal relationship between negative emotions and AF through Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods: Utilizing genetic variations associated with negative emotions and AF as instrumental variables (IVs), a two-sample MR study was implemented. The potential causality between the two was initially assessed by using negative emotions as exposure and AF as outcome. Subsequently, potential reverse causality was evaluated by using AF as exposure and negative emotions as outcome. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analysis for the two-sample MR, supplemented by weighted median method, MR-Egger regression, Simple mode method, and Weighted mode method. Sensitivity analyses were performed using the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO), Cochran Q test, and leave-one-out analysis to ensure the robustness of the results. Results: The two-sample MR analyses revealed that genetic susceptibility to AF had no potential causal effect on negative emotions (p > 0.05). Conversely, genetic susceptibility to negative emotions was positively correlated with an increased relative risk of AF [odds ratio (OR), 1.173, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.115–1.235, p = 8.475 × 10-10]. Furthermore, neither horizontal pleiotropy nor heterogeneity was detected in the analysis. Conclusions: Genetic evidence from the study supports a potential causal link between negative emotions and AF. The study suggests that negative emotions may elevate the risk of AF, and the escalation of negative emotions in AF patients is more likely attributable to modifiable factors rather than genetically related factors.
Regulated Cell Death Pathways in Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Wu Shengnan , Ding Ding , Wang Deguo
Published: October 2024

Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by an increased volume of individual cardiomyocytes rather than an increase in their number. Myocardial hypertrophy due to pathological stimuli encountered by the heart, which reduces pressure on the ventricular walls to maintain cardiac function, is known as pathological hypertrophy. This eventually progresses to heart failure. Certain varieties of regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy, are crucial in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying these RCD pathways, focusing on their mechanism of action findings for pathological cardiac hypertrophy. It intends to provide new ideas for developing therapeutic approaches targeted at the cellular level to prevent or reverse pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
Mechanism of Coronary Microcirculation Obstruction after Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardioprotective Strategies
Authors: Li Yuyu , Yu Jiaqi , Wang Yuan
Published: October 2024

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients are best treated with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), while coronary microvascular dysfunction and obstruction (CMVO) are indicated by the absence or slowing of antegrade epicardial flow on angiography, resulting in suboptimal myocardial perfusion despite the lack of mechanical vascular obstruction. CMVO occurs in up to half of patients who undergo PCI for the first time and is associated with poor outcomes. This review summarizes the complex mechanisms leading to CMVO and elaborates on the changes observed at the organism, tissue, organ, cellular, and molecular levels. It also describes the current diagnostic methods and comprehensive treatment methods for CMVO.
A New Nomogram Prediction Model for Left Ventricular Thrombus in Patients with Left Ventricular Aneurysm after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xu Yuanzhen , Zhang Zhongfan , Si Daoyuan , Zhang Qian , Zhang Wenqi
Published: October 2024

Background: To identify the factors influencing the development of a left ventricular thrombus (LVT) in patients with a left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to utilize these variables to establish a new nomogram prediction model for individual assessment in LVT. Methods: We screened data on 1268 cases of LVA at the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2023, and identified a total of 163 LVAs after AMI. The independent risk factors of LVT in patients with LVA after AMI were identified from univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses and a nomogram prediction model of LVT was established with independent risk factors as predictors. We used the area under the curve (AUC) and a calibration curve to determine the predictive accuracy and discriminability of nomograms. Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) was utilized to further validate the clinical effectiveness of the nomogram. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that preoperative thrombus in myocardial infarction 0, left ventricular diameter, and anterior wall myocardial infarction were independent risk factors of LVT in patients with LVA after AMI (p < 0.05). The nomogram prediction model constructed using these variables demonstrates exceptional performance, as evidenced by well-calibrated plots, favorable results from DCA, and the AUC of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was 0.792 (95% CI: 0.710–0.874, p < 0.01). Conclusions: A new nomogram prediction model was developed to enable precise estimation of the probability of LVT in patients with LVA after AMI, thereby facilitating personalized clinical decision-making for future practice.
Recent Advances in the Wearable Devices for Monitoring and Management of Heart Failure
Authors: Odeh Victor Adeyi , Chen Yifan , Wang Wenyan , Ding Xiaorong
Published: October 2024

Heart failure (HF) is an acute and degenerative condition with high morbidity and mortality rates. Early diagnosis and treatment of HF can significantly enhance patient outcomes through admission and readmission reduction and improve quality of life. Being a progressive condition, the continuous monitoring of vital signs and symptoms of HF patients to identify any deterioration and to customize treatment regimens can be beneficial to the management of this disease. Recent breakthroughs in wearable technology have revolutionized the landscape of HF management. Despite the potential benefits, the integration of wearable devices into HF management requires careful consideration of technical, clinical, and ethical challenges, such as performance, regulatory requirements and data privacy. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of wearable devices in heart failure monitoring and management, and discusses the challenges and opportunities in the field.
Theology of Art in The Text of Adiparwa
Authors: Saitya Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam
Published: October 2024

Adiparwa is the initial part of the Mahabharata, which can be viewed as consisting of two distinct parts. The first part presents the framework of the Bharata epic, and the second part contains the genealogy of the Pandavas and Kauravas. Adiparwa not only narrates the origins of the Kuru Dynasty and the various early events leading to the great war in Kuruksetra but also contains many profound theological and aesthetic elements. This study uses the theory of literary reception, which is based on the notion that literary works have always received responses from their readers since their publication. A qualitative research method with a theological approach is used in this study. The theology in the text of Adiparwa includes the concepts Nirguna Brahman and Saguna Brahman, in line with His attributes for creating the universe, embodied in Sanghyang Siwa with Bhatari Parwati. The aesthetics in the text of Adiparwa are described in the terms satyam, siwam, and sundaram. Satyam in the text of Adiparwa can be seen in the story of four quails that survived the burning of the Khandawa forest. The essence of siwam in the text of Adiparwa is described in the concept of God as Nirguna Brahman and Saguna Brahman. The values of sundaram are reflected in the beauty of Tilottama. The influence of theology on aesthetics is evident in the rituals described in the text of Adiparwa through the mabebasan tradition, usually performed during the atma wedana ceremony, via the Astikacarita story using the palawakya reading technique.
The Impact of AI Techniques on Human-AI Interaction Quality in Project Management: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Lawal Yusuf Adedayo , Ayanleke Adetayo Olaitan , Oshin Idris Ibidapo
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing how organizations work through its integration with project management. This study looks at how AI approaches affect the quality of human-AI interaction in project management settings. The main research issue focuses on figuring out how various AI approaches affect the quality of interactions. A mixed-methods approach was used in the study, integrating qualitative case studies with quantitative questionnaires. Forty-five (45) respondents, comprising project managers and developers from various organizations in Lagos State, Nigeria, were among the participants. While qualitative interviews probed participant experiences, quantitative data offered numerical insights. It was revealed that image-based AI increases engagement by providing visual signals, while speech-based AI improves social presence and trust. Additionally, performance, communication, and trust are all related. This implies that open communication promotes trust, which influences the project's success. By being transparent and adapting AI implementation to the specifics of each project, project managers and AI engineers can foster confidence and regularly assess the efficacy of AI.