bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implikasi Hukum Perlindungan Desain Industri di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 147 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2024
Authors: Augusdityar Qotrunada , Citrawinda Cita , Nasruddin Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Perlindungan hukum terhadap hak desain industri di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2000 tentang Desain Industri. Regulasi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan hak eksklusif kepada pemegang hak desain industri guna melindungi hasil kreativitas dan inovasi mereka dari tindakan pelanggaran dan imitasi yang tidak sah. Studi ini menganalisis implementasi perlindungan hukum desain industri dengan mengacu pada Putusan Nomor 147 K/Pdt.Sus-HKI/2024 sebagai studi kasus.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan analisis peraturan perundang-undangan terkait. Fokus utama kajian ini adalah menelaah perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak desain industri serta mengkaji pertimbangan hukum yang digunakan dalam putusan pengadilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem hukum Indonesia mengadopsi sistem pendaftaran konstitutif, di mana perlindungan hanya diberikan terhadap desain industri yang telah didaftarkan secara resmi. Selain itu, dalam kasus ini, hakim mempertimbangkan aspek kebaruan dan validitas pendaftaran desain industri sebagai dasar dalam memutus perkara.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa meskipun regulasi telah memberikan mekanisme perlindungan, masih terdapat tantangan dalam implementasi dan penegakan hukumnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan kesadaran hukum bagi pemegang hak desain industri, penguatan sistem pendaftaran, serta harmonisasi regulasi dengan standar internasional agar perlindungan hukum lebih efektif dan optimal.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Income Inequality in West Java 2012-2022
Authors: Kusuma Andita Delya , Machmud Amir , Istikomah Navik , Purnamasari Imas , Mulyadi Hari
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of economic growth, human development index and labor on income inequality in West Java in 2012-2022. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach using secondary data in the form of panel data of 27 regencies or cities in West Java in 2012-2022 to be further analyzed using panel regression using EViews 12 with the Random Effect Model (REM) model. The results showed that simultaneously the variables of economic growth, human development index and labor had a significant effect on income inequality. While partially the economic growth variable has a positive and significant effect on income inequality, the human development index (HDI) has a positive and significant effect on income inequality, labor has a positive and insignificant effect on income inequality
The Influence of Work Motivation, Competency and Work Environment on Employee Performance at PT. Bukit Palem Singkup District, Ketapang District, West Kalimantan Province
Authors: Putri Yolidya  Agita , Prayekti Prayekti , , Epsilandrisptyarini
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the influence of work motivation, competence and work environment on employee performance at PT. Bukit Palem, Singkup District, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan Province.  In the research carried out using a quantitative approach with a survey method and the population used was 320 permanent employees and the sample size was purposive sampling and regression data techniques which the researchers took were 76 working respondents. The results of the analysis show that work motivation and competence have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, besides that the work environment and work motivation also have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach with survey methods. Quantitative methods are used in this research because the data obtained in this research is in the form of numbers which have scores from the hypothesis results for the data. The survey method is a method where samples are taken from a population and using a questionnaire as the main data collection tool. In survey research, information is obtained from respondents using a questionnaire (Sugiyono, 2019). In this research, the population used is permanent employees who work in PT. Bukit Palem, Singkup District, Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan Province, numbering 320 employees. The number of samples taken by researchers were permanent employees who worked, namely 76 respondents. Sample technique, regression data analysis using questionnaire data.
Pertanggungjawaban Hukum terhadap Satwa Liar dilindungi yang Mati Akibat Kelalaian
Authors: Putri Senia Wandalillah , Hutagaol Zefanya Bhenaya Aklesia , Andini Diajeng Woro , Nasir Fitrizki Dwi Nanda Utami , Zidan Achmad Yassin
Published: February 2025

Satwa yang dilindungi adalah semua jenis satwa liar, baik yang hidup maupun yang mati, atau bagian-bagiannya, yang ditetapkan oleh undang-undang sebagai satwa yang dilindungi. Secara keseluruhan, IUCN mencatat sebanyak 539 spesies flora dan fauna Indonesia yang terancam punah, termasuk 69 spesies dalam kategori kritis (critically endangered), 197 spesies dalam kategori endangered, dan 539 spesies dalam kategori rentan (vulnerable. Kepemilikan satwa liar di Indonesia secara pribadi bukanlah hal yang tidak diperbolehkan, dengan artian bahwa seseorang dapat memelihara satwa liar apabila telah memenuhi syarat dan mendapatkan perizinan dari Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam (BBKSDA). Alshad Ahmad memelihara Harimau Benggala yang termasuk dalam kategori Appendix I menurut CITES yang merupakan kategori endangered species, sehingga melanggar ketentuan Pasal 21 ayat (2)  huruf a Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistem. Sanksi mengenai pemeliharaan satwa yang dilindungi diatur dalam Pasal 40 ayat (2) UU 5/1990. Apabila karena kelalaiannya (culpa) mengakibatkan matinya satwa langka yang dipeliharanya maka Alshad Ahmad seharusnya dapat  dimintai pertanggungjawaban.
Gugatan Vexatious Litigation (Studi Komparasi Antara Indonesia, Belanda, dan Perancis)
Authors: Hartono Kensita Aurora
Published: February 2025

Seiring dengan berkembangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap perlindungan dan kepastian hukum yang adil serta perlakuan yang sama di hadapan hukum, beracara di Pengadilan tidak lagi menjadi suatu hal yang dianggap tabu. Namun, asas itikad baik yang seharusnya menjadi dasar dalam beracara di Pengadilan terkadang dilupakan sehingga Para Pihak yang beracara tidak lagi menyelesaikan perkara dengan tujuan untuk mengembalikan suatu keadaan ke keadaan semula, tetapi malah bertujuan untuk mengganggu Pihak lawan. Gugatan yang demikian kemudian dikenal dengan istilah Vexatious Litigation. Fenomena tersebut terjadi di berbagai Negara, termasuk di Indonesia. Hingga saat ini, Indonesia belum memiliki ketentuan yang mengatur mengenai pencegahan gugatan vexatious litigation. Di satu sisi, ketentuan diperlukan agar tidak merusak citra sistem peradilan di Indonesia. Namun, di sisi lain apabila ketentuan mengenai vexatious litigation diundangkan, dikhawatirkan gugatan yang memiliki subtansi atau tujuan bantuan hukum struktural akan terlewatkan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, diperlukan solusi alternatif dalam melakukan pencegahan gugatan vexatious litigation selain dengan mengaturnya secara langsung di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan; seperti misalnya meningkatkan rasa tanggung jawab terhadap Para Pihak yang akan berperkara dengan menetapkan biaya honorarium advokat sebagai kerugian atau dengan melakukan ‘name and shame’ terhadap ‘habitually vexatious litigant’ dengan melakukan studi komparasi terhadap Belanda dan Prancis.
The Byronic Hero: Independence, Comradeship and Community
Authors: Shears Jonathon
Published: February 2025

The Byronic Hero is a Romantic byword for gloomy isolation, alienation, introspection and aloofness and these features have been well documented. However, some of Byron’s tales and drama which include Byronic Heroes – such as
The Bride of Abydos
,
The Corsair
,
Marino Faliero
and
The Island
– feature a notable amount of human interaction, which has largely been ignored by critics. This essay looks at the ways in which feelings of independence are often set against and defined by the social ties that bind Byron’s heroes to groups and individuals. Specifically, the essay examines Byron’s fascination with, and critique of, comradeship and the thrill of masculine bonds that are forged in adversity. It argues that focusing on comradeship enables us to see more clearly the part Byron plays in complicating the relationship between independence, dependence and manliness.
Unravelling local implementation configurations: ‘No net land take’ in the French peripheries of the Geneva city-region
Authors: Idt Joel , Pollard Julie , Le Bivic Camille
Published: February 2025

In France, the ‘zero net artificialisation’ (ZAN) objective was formulated by the state in 2021 as an expression of the European ‘no net land take’ principle. It had to be put into practice through spatial planning policies formulated at subnational levels. This article is in line with studies on policy implementation in the urban planning field. It aims to clarify the practical conditions for implementing ZAN. It shows how the objective reveals and even exacerbates the difficulties faced by local authorities in regulating urbanisation. The study is based on qualitative field research conducted in the French peripheries of Geneva.
The evolution of land take in Estonia since 1991: the need for regulations and consistent data collection methods
Authors: Jürgenson Evelin , Metsoja Kärt , Põdra Kätlin
Published: February 2025

In 2011, the European Union set a ‘no net land take by 2050’ goal, but legally binding documents are missing. The European Environment Agency measures land take within functional urban areas, mainly covering larger cities and their surroundings. Several European countries have started to monitor land take and set goals to constrain it. Estonia is not one of these countries, and the average artificial area per person has grown. This article aims to clarify the evolution of land take in Estonia since 1991 and to demonstrate that land take is happening inside and outside the functional urban areas, although the population has decreased. A desk study, documentary and GIS analyses are applied. The main implications of the study are that land take has occurred because of many different aspects, and a proper methodology for data gathering and regulations is needed to limit land take.
Counting Curves with Tangencies
Authors:   Shiv Nadar University, India, Biswas Indranil , Choudhury Apratim ,   Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Germany, Mukherjee Ritwik ,   National Institute of Science Education and Research, India, Paul Anantadulal ,   International Center for Theoretical Sciences, India
Published: February 2025

Interpreting tangency as a limit of two transverse intersections, we obtain a concrete formula to enumerate smooth degree $d$ plane curves tangent to a given line at multiple points with arbitrary order of tangency. Extending that idea, we then enumerate curves with one node with multiple tangencies to a given line of any order. Subsequently, we enumerate curves with one cusp, that are tangent to first order to a given line at multiple points. We also present a new way to enumerate curves with one node; it is interpreted as a degeneration of a curve tangent to a given line. That method is extended to enumerate curves with two nodes, and also curves with one tacnode are enumerated. In the final part of the paper, it is shown how this idea can be applied in the setting of stable maps and perform a concrete computation to enumerate rational curves with first-order tangency. A large number of low degree cases have been worked out explicitly.
Phylogeny and phenotype of Filobasidium revealing three new species (Filobasidiaceae, Filobasidiales) from China
Authors: Chai Chun-Yue , Xi Zhi-Wen , Niu Qiu-Hong , Hui Feng-Li
Published: February 2025

The genus Filobasidium, a member of the family Filobasidiaceae in the order Filobasidiales, is a group of basidiomycetes with many representative species. To date, 14 species have been described and accepted in Filobasidium. Although some newfound species from China have recently been published, the species diversity of Filobasidium remains incompletely understood. Samples from various areas of China were obtained and examined to investigate the species diversity of the genus. Three new species, namely F. pseudomalisp. nov., F. castaneaesp. nov., and F. qingyuanensesp. nov., were introduced based on phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the ITS sequence alone coupled with phenotypic characteristics. Full descriptions, illustrations, comparisons with similar species, and phylogenetic analyses are provided. Findings from this study substantially enrich the biodiversity of Filobasidium in China.
Advocaciones marianas en la arena de batalla: prácticas en torno a las imágenes religiosas entre el Río de la Plata y el Altoperú en los albores de la independencia
Authors: Rodríguez do Campo Victoria
Published: February 2025

El relato histórico sobre los primeros enfrentamientos por la independencia en Iberoamérica durante las décadas que dan inicio al siglo XIX suele forjarse como un proceso de corte con lo previo: con la herencia colonial, regia y religiosa. No obstante, la renovación historiográfica de los últimos tiempos propone establecer una mirada matizada que contemple aquellas pervivencias que se sostuvieron durante los procesos independentistas. En sintonía con esto, proponemos un acercamiento al rol de las imágenes religiosas durante las irrupciones en busca de la Independencia en la zona del Alto Perú y del Río de la Plata. Haremos hincapié en el caso de la Virgen del Carmen en la revolución del 16 de julio de 1809 en la ciudad de la Paz; momento en que la imagen fue designada patrona de la independencia por parte del bando revolucionario. La peculiaridad del caso, sin embargo, se matiza si contemplamos las prácticas de nombramiento de vírgenes generalas de los ejércitos de la independencia, la donación de banderas de los ejércitos enemigos a las iglesias, o la producción de imágenes religiosas acompañadas de símbolos castrenses. En línea con lo expuesto hasta aquí, este trabajo buscará poner de relieve estas diversas representaciones, entendidas como eficaces estrategias de poder que fueron utilizadas con éxito en diversas latitudes.
Hacia una primera investigación comparada de la carrocería en México y Lima al final del virreinato
Authors: Recio Mir Álvaro
Published: February 2025

Nuestro conocimiento de la carrocería virreinal, aunque muy embrionario, permite ya apuntar de manera provisional algunas peculiaridades americanas, en particular, de las capitales de México y Lima. De igual modo, un estudio comparado entre ambas ayudará a aquilatar su desarrollo, lo mismo que a plantear posibles relaciones entre ambos centros productores. En particular, abordaremos tres cuestiones del arte de la carrocería: sus tipologías, usos y su producción en el marco del sistema gremial americano.
Entendre l’action politique derrière la chanson satirique : sur quelques couplets du chansonnier de Gaston d’Orléans
Authors: Abiven Karine
Published: February 2025

Les mazarinades chantées ou chantables permettent-elles de suivre les stratégies des factions pendant la Fronde ? L’étude des couplets attribués au baron de Blot, attaché à la maison de Gaston d’Orléans, pose le problème d’une circulation essentiellement orale et d’un archivage très tardif. Alors que l’historiographie a réduit cette production versifiée au libertinage (de mœurs), en faisant de Blot le membre d’un « groupe » de libertins, il s’agit d’enquêter sur sa portée politique et son rapport au « parti » du Duc d’Orléans.
Bio-Inspired Algorithms-Based Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models in Healthcare 6.0
Authors: Fatima Shugufta , Reddy C. Kishor Kumar , Hanafiah Marlia Mohd
Published: February 2025

Recent advancements in deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) have opened doors for revolutionary applications in healthcare, with better patient care, diagnosis, and treatment. Bio-inspired algorithms, drawing inspiration from natural processes, have gained attention for their potential to enhance ML and DL models in this field. This paper explores current research directions and challenges in utilizing bio-inspired algorithms for advancing healthcare ML and DL models. We investigate their applications and facilitating feature selection, while acknowledging limitations such as scalability, interpretability, and robustness to noisy healthcare data. Ethical considerations surrounding their use in sensitive healthcare contexts are discussed. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative algorithmic approaches, we strive to overcome these challenges and fully unlock the potential of bio-inspired algorithms in healthcare, ultimately aiming to revolutionize healthcare delivery for improved patient outcomes, personalized treatment strategies, and more accurate diagnoses.
Web Security in the Digital Age
Authors: Krishna Sujatha , Natarajan Rajesh , Flammini Francesco , Alfurhood Badria Sulaiman , Janhavi V. , Gupta Shashi Kant
Published: February 2025

The hazards associated with cyber security attacks have increased due to our increasing reliance on digital technologies. We suggest an ensemble strategy employing multiple models of machine learning to get over these restrictions. Our suggested approach detects an extra 141 dangerous URLs, outperforming the single model that is currently in use by 6%. We gathered a collection of malicious and benign URLs for this investigation. Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to feature extraction. Subsequently advantageous features are selected and categorised using the Social Spider optimised Densely-connected Convolutional Caps net (SSO-DCN). The most effective detection frameworks and automated methods for identifying rogue web pages, including those distribute malicious malware, are included in the proposed technology. When comparing the proposed method to the existing approaches, the improvements are in mean accuracy (96.30%), precision (96.90%), F1-Measure (97.20%), recall (96.90%), FPR (3.50%) and FNR (3.90%).
Optimising Nutrition and Performance: Insights from National-Level Athletes in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickramarathna H. P. T. D. , Weerasooriya H. A. M. U. , Senanayake D. , Dahanayake U. N. J. , Silva K. D. R. R. , Chandrasekara A.
Published: February 2025

Background: Optimal athletic performance is closely linked to proper and balanced nutrition yet limited information exists on the dietary practices of Sri Lankan national-level athletes, especially those aspiring to win international medals.Objectives: This study evaluates nutritional behaviours, perceptions, and beliefs as well as the body composition, and energy balance of the athletes in the national athletic pool in Sri Lanka.Materials & Methods: Conducted as two sub-studies, the first involved 40 athletes from various sports (badminton, boxing, judo, weightlifting, track and field, and para-athletics), who participated in a questionnaire survey adapted from validated questionnaire. The second sub-study included 29 athletes from power/speed, endurance, and para-athletic groups, some overlapping from the initial sample, whose dietary intake and physical activity were assessed via 24-hour recall during training.Results: Survey results indicated that "performance enhancement" (85%) was the primary driver of food choice, followed by considerations of "food quality/price" (70%), "weight gain concerns" (67%), and "brand names" (55%). Knowledge of dietary protein was limited, with 60% of athletes believing higher protein is essential for muscle development across sports, while only 40% were aware of "peri-workout" dietary supplementation. Coaches (75%), medical doctors (60%), and nutritionists (50%) were the main sources of nutritional advice. Supplement use was high, with 93% of athletes reporting intake of vitamins (83%), minerals (70%), branched-chain amino acids (68%), whey protein (60%), fish oil (55%), and creatine (53%). The dietary assessment adequate macronutrient intake among most athletes, but 59% experienced a negative energy balance. Body composition analysis revealed that approximately one-third (9/27) of the tested athletes exhibited lower-than-recommended body fat levels, while almost all athletes (26/27) displayed "normal" or "high" levels of muscle mass relative to their respective sports.Conclusion: These findings underscore the need to enhance athlete awareness on protein requirements and peri-workout supplementation, with targeted nutrition counseling to improve energy balance and support international competitive success.
Eco-geographic and Genetic Variation among Populations of Terminalia chebula Retz. in Sri Lanka
Authors: Sanjeewa T. A. B. D. , Pushpakumara D. K. N. G.
Published: February 2025

Terminalia chebula Retz. (Aralu in Sinhala) is a perennial medicinal plant known for its vital medicinal properties and globally used in treating various health problems. Despite its significance, agronomic or ecological research on this species is limited compared to studies on its medicinal values. This research aimed to locate and identify the ecological distribution of T. chebula in different agro-ecological regions of Sri Lanka and to characterize different populations based on the morphological and genetic variation. Samples were collected from 125 T. chebula trees representing various populations, and 40 morphological characters were used for morphological characterization. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis and cluster analysis using the SAS statistical software. Genetic characterization was conducted through base sequencing at rbcL region of the genome. Results indicated that T. chebula populations in Sri Lanka can be clustered into four groups based on their morphological characters. Each group consists of plants from different locations, suggesting that grouping is not based on geographic or environmental parameters, a finding collaborated by genetic characterization. However, 80% of the Nilgala population grouped in one cluster and all the natural T. chebula plants are located only in the intermediate zone, indicated a relationship between environmental parameters and the species under natural conditions. Conversely, planted trees are found across all agro-climatic zones of Sri Lanka. Further, this study discussed the implications of these on the conservation, expansion of cultivation and effective utilization of T. chebula.
Progeny Emergence of Lasioderma serricorne (F.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) in Different Spices
Authors: Senevirathne W. M. S. S. , Premathilaka P. A. P. I. , Egodawatta W. C. P. , Wijayaratne L. K. W.
Published: February 2025

Spices claim uniqueness as flavoring and coloring agents in culinary industry, and accompany medical properties. Previous studies have uncovered infestation of these important commodities by certain insect species but such studies on Lasioderma serricorne, the cigarette beetle, are scarce. The objective of current study was to determine the ability of L. serricorne to develop population in selected locally-available spices. Four replicates of each spice type were infested with one month-old, twenty adults of L. serricorne. The infested samples were maintained in the incubator at 30±1℃ and 65±1% relative humidity. These parent adults were removed in two weeks. The emergence of progeny life stages was determined at 1- month intervals for 3 months. In the first month, only larvae and pupae were available but adults were not developed; the maximum larvae and pupae emerged in fenugreek. In the second month, all the life stages were present in spices; the maximum progeny was in fenugreek. In the third month, larvae and adults were available but not the pupae; the maximum adults emerged in curry leaves while many larvae were found in fenugreek. This study reveals the successful invasion and reproduction of broad range of spices by L. serricorne adults. The findings are important in the protection of spices concerned from insect infestations during the storage. By contrast, the spices with high infestation level would be useful rearing media for developing L. serricorne population as required for experiments.
Urogenital and extra genital mutilation in gender-affirming surgery: are we violating primum non nocere?
Authors: Bayraktar Zeki
Published: February 2025

In transgender individuals, there is a mismatch between biological sex and gender (sex-gender discordance), and this mismatch is often attempted to be resolved by changing the sex [...]
An Observational Study to Assess the Quality of Life in Patients with Superficial Dermatophytosis at Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Parmar Dharmesh , Polra Rutoo Vipulkumar , Tandel Jinal Jainendrabhai , Mauli Shah , Nair A Pragya
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Superficial dermatophytosis is a common skin infection, having a recurrent and persisting course. The impact of disease is not only limited to skin but also affects the personal and social lives of these patients. Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and five-dimensional (5D) pruritus score are often been used to assess their impact on patient’s quality of life (QoL).

Aims:

The present study aims at measuring the impact of the disease on the QoL of the patients by DLQI score and 5D pruritus score and find the association of DLQI and 5D pruritus score with different variables in patients with superficial dermatophytosis.

Methods:

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted over 1 ½ years. The patients with superficial dermatophytosis attending the skin outpatient department were recruited after informed consent and were made to fill up the DLQI and 5D-pruritus scale questionnaires. Independent t-test and ANOVA were used to find statistical associations between mean DLQI scores and 5D-pruritus scores with the study variables. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to compare the effect on the QoL as measured from DLQI and 5D-pruritus score.

Results:

A total of 570 patients were recruited, among which 179 and 234 patients had DLQI scores and 5D-pruritus scores, respectively, with moderate effect. A significant correlation was found between age (≤40 years) and DLQI scores (P < 0.006) but not with 5D-pruritus score. The highest mean DLQI score was seen in >6-month duration (9.2 ± 6.7) and >10% body surface area involvement (BSAI) (11.8 ± 5.7). The highest mean 5D-pruritus score was seen in >6-month duration (12.9 ± 4.1) and > 10% BSAI (15.8 ± 2.9). The effect on QoL was estimated on the basis of the duration of the disease and BSAI, which correlated strongly with the DLQI scoring and disability scoring in the 5D-pruritus scale (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Although considered previously as a simple fungal infection, now it has emerged as a social, psychological, and economic burden on society.
Orders and fibering
Authors: Okun Boris , Schreve Kevin
Published: February 2025

In 2018, Kielak gave a virtual fibering criterion for RFRS groups. In this paper, we present a simpler proof of this.
Follow-up of elderly gastric cancer post-radical surgery: Trauma, complications, and prognosis
Authors: Zhu Li-Ling , Shen Rui-Zhi
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The incidence of gastric cancer in the elderly is increasing; however, standardized surgical approaches are lacking.

AIM

To investigate the effects of radical surgery on the trauma response, postoperative complications, and long-term prognosis in elderly patients with gastric cancer.

METHODS

Between January 2020 and December 2023, 110 gastric cancer patients admitted to the Department of Oncology Jiangnan University Medical Center were categorized into a control group (40 cases) and an observation group (70 cases) based on surgical method differences. The control and observation group received palliative surgery and radical surgery, respectively, and were further divided into open (25 cases) and laparoscopic (45 cases) surgery. Surgical outcomes, trauma indicators, complication rates, and long-term survival at 6 months, 1-, and 2-years were compared.

RESULTS

Laparoscopic surgery showed superior surgical outcomes compared to the open surgery and control groups (P < 0.05). Trauma indicators were lowest in the laparoscopic group and highest in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the complication rates between the open and laparoscopic groups (P > 0.05), but both were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in survival rates at different follow-up periods between the laparoscopic and open groups (P > 0.05); however, both groups showed higher survival rates than the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Radical surgery in elderly patients with gastric cancer reduces surgical trauma response, facilitates postoperative recovery, and improves long-term survival rates, albeit with an increased risk of complications. Laparoscopic radical surgery further minimizes postoperative trauma, with no significant difference in complication rates and survival prognosis compared with open radical surgery.
Enhanced recovery after surgery-based evidence-based care plus ice stimulation for thirst management in convalescent patients following digestive surgery under general anesthesia
Authors: Chen Li , Li Bi-Xi , Gan Qiu-Zhi , Guo Rui-Ge , Chen Xing , Shen Xi , Chen Yan
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Thirst management in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia requires attention. A simple, practical, and safe method can effectively relieve thirst symptoms in such patients.

AIM

To evaluate the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)-based evidence-based care (EBC) plus ice stimulation therapy for thirst management of convalescent patients following digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia.

METHODS

A total of 191 patients convalescing after digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia between March 2020 and February 2023 and experiencing thirst were selected. In total, 89 patients and 102 patients in the control and research groups received routine care and ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy, respectively. The following data were comparatively analyzed: (1) Thirst degree (thirst intensity numerical rating scale) and thirst distress (TD) degree (TD scale); (2) Oral mucosal wetness; (3) Unstimulated whole salivary flow rate (UWSFR); (4) Adverse reactions (palpitation, fatigue, chapped lips, and nausea and vomiting); and (5) Nursing satisfaction.

RESULTS

After nursing, thirst degree and distress were statistically lower in the research group than in the control group. Additionally, compared with the control group, the research group exhibited a lower degree of oral mucosal wetness, higher UWSFR, fewer adverse reactions, and more total nursing satisfaction.

CONCLUSION

ERAS-based EBC plus ice stimulation therapy can effectively alleviate thirst in convalescent patients recovering from a digestive surgery performed under general anesthesia. It can alleviate xerostomia symptoms, reduce adverse reactions, and improve patient comfort.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection vs surgical resection for gastric stromal tumors: Efficacy and safety using propensity score matching
Authors: Zhao Si-Qiao , Wang Si-Yao , Ge Nan , Guo Jin-Tao , Liu Xiang , Wang Guo-Xin , Su Lei , Sun Si-Yu , Wang Sheng
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is increasingly used for treating gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) in the stomach.

AIM

To compare the efficacy, tolerability, and clinical outcomes of EFTR vs surgical resection (SR) for gastric GISTs.

METHODS

We collected clinical data from patients diagnosed with GISTs who underwent either EFTR or SR at our hospital from October 2011 to July 2024. Patients were matched in a 1:1 ratio based on baseline characteristics and tumor clinical-pathological features using propensity score matching. We analyzed perioperative outcomes and follow-up data. The primary outcome measure was progression-free survival (PFS).

RESULTS

Out of 912 patients, 573 met the inclusion criteria. After matching, each group included 95 patients. The EFTR group demonstrated statistically significant advantages over the SR group in average operative time (P < 0.001), length of hospital stay (P < 0.001), time to resume liquid diet (P < 0.001), incidence of adverse events (P = 0.031), and hospitalization costs (P < 0.001). The en bloc resection rate was significantly different, with SR group at 100% and EFTR group at 93.7% (P = 0.038). The median follow-up was 2451.50 days. Recurrence occurred in 3 patients in the EFTR group and 4 patients in the SR group, with no statistically significant difference (P = 1.000). Factors associated with PFS included age, tumor size, high-risk category in the modified National Institutes of Health (NIH) risk score, and resection status. Resection status was identified as an independent prognostic factor for PFS (P = 0.0173, hazard ratios = 0.0179, 95%CI: 0.000655-0.491). Notably, there was no statistically significant difference in PFS between the two groups.

CONCLUSION

This study is a non-inferiority design. The EFTR group significantly outperformed the SR group in terms of operative time, length of hospital stay, time to resume a liquid diet, incidence of adverse events, and hospitalization costs, demonstrating its higher economic efficiency and better tolerability. Additionally, although the en bloc resection rate was lower in the EFTR group compared to the SR group, there were no significant differences in tumor recurrence rates and progression-free survival between the two groups. This study found no statistical difference in the primary endpoint of postoperative recurrence rates between the two groups. However, due to sample size limitations, this result requires further validation in larger-scale studies. The current results should be viewed as exploratory evidence.
Hyperthermia combined with opioid therapy: Enhancing cancer pain management and reducing surgical stress in gastrointestinal cancer patients
Authors: Wang Yue , Xun Xin , Luan Wen-Yu , Zhang Zheng , Xu Zhen-Xi , Lin Si-Xiang , Miao Yan-Dong
Published: February 2025

In this article, we evaluate the findings of the study by Qian et al , which explores the efficacy of combining hyperthermia with opioid therapy for enhanced cancer pain management in patients with middle and late-stage gastrointestinal tumors. The study undertakes a retrospective analysis comparing traditional opioid therapy to an integrated approach of hyperthermia and opioids across 70 patients, highlighting significant benefits in pain control, reduction of opioid dosage, and minimization of adverse reactions. In our article, we not only discuss these findings but also emphasize the broader implications for clinical practice, particularly in enhancing patient outcomes through innovative pain management strategies. We advocate for further research to establish more robust data supporting this approach and to explore the mechanistic insights that enable these benefits. This discussion reflects on the potential paradigm shift in managing debilitating cancer-related pain, urging a reevaluation of current practices to incorporate these findings effectively.
Risk factors influencing sphincter preservation in laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Liu Jia-Rui , Zhang Jin , Duan Xiang-Long
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The surgical management of rectal cancer is continuously advancing, with a current emphasis on minimising the need for a permanent stoma. Understanding the risk factors influencing sphincter preservation is crucial for guiding clinical decision-making and optimising preoperative patient evaluation.

AIM

To examine the risk factors influencing sphincter preservation in laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of the demographics, preoperative and intraoperative data, and pathological findings of 179 patients with rectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery at our hospital between January 2022 and December 2023 was conducted. These clinical data were compared between two groups: Patients with sphincter preservation and those without, categorised as the sphincter-preserved and sphincter-unpreserved groups, respectively.

RESULTS

Of the 179 patients analysed, 150 were in the sphincter-preserved group and 29 were in the sphincter-unpreserved group. Tumour height was significantly greater in the sphincter-preserved group compared to the sphincter-unpreserved group. Conversely, elevated levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, and plasma D-dimer were significantly higher in the sphincter-unpreserved group. Significant differences were also observed between the two groups in terms of place of residence, presence of colonic polyps, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, preoperative radiotherapy, mucinous adenocarcinoma, nerve invasion, and tumour height. No significant differences were observed for other parameters. Logistic regression analysis identified colonic polyps, mucinous adenocarcinoma, nerve invasion, and tumour height as independent risk factors for sphincter preservation.

CONCLUSION

Several risk factors influencing sphincter preservation in laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery were identified. These factors could be valuable tools for guiding clinical decision-making and optimising preoperative patient evaluations.
Current opinions on the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Pavlidis Efstathios T , Galanis Ioannis N , Pavlidis Theodoros E
Published: February 2025

Inappropriate use of antibiotics leads to microbial resistance. Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy is well known for reducing the risk of postoperative infection in high-risk patients despite some conflicting aspects. High-risk patients are those who are older than 70 years, have diabetes mellitus, whose operation time exceeded 120 minutes, have acute cholecystitis, experienced iatrogenic intraoperative gallbladder perforation resulting in bile or gallstone spillage, suffered from obstructive jaundice, or were deemed immunocompromised. For gallbladder perforation, one dose of antibiotic prophylaxis is sufficient. Therefore, guidelines are needed and must be strictly followed. Prophylactic treatment is not needed for patients at low risk of developing sepsis following elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, although the opposite is supported. Similarly, superficial surgical infections are related to low morbidity. Patients without risk factors have a very low risk of infection. Thus, the routine use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not recommended.
Analysis of risk factors for bile leakage after laparoscopic exploration and primary suture of common bile duct
Authors: Yang Qing-Song , Zhang Meng , Ma Chang-Song , Teng Da , Li Ao , Dong Ji-Dong , Wang Xi-Fei , Liu Fu-Bao
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Bile leakage is a common complication following laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) with primary duct closure (PDC). Identifying and analyzing the risk factors associated with bile leakage is crucial for improving surgical outcomes.

AIM

To explore the value analysis of common risk factors for bile leakage after LCBDE and PDC, with a focus on strict adherence to indications.

METHODS

Clinical data of 106 cases undergoing LCBDE + PDC in the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department (Division 1) of Chuzhou First People’s Hospital from April 2019 to March 2024 were collected. Retrospective and multiple factor regression analysis were conducted on common risk factors for bile leakage. The change in surgical time was analyzed using the cumulative summation (CUSUM) method, and the minimum number of cases required to complete the learning curve for PDC was obtained based on the proposed fitting curve by identifying the CUSUM maximum value.

RESULTS

Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that fibrinous inflammation and direct bilirubin/indirect bilirubin were significant independent high-risk factors for postoperative bile leakage (P < 0.05). The time to drain removal and length of hospital stay in cases without bile leakage were significantly shorter than in cases with bile leakage (P < 0.05), with statistical significance. The CUSUM method indicated that a minimum of 51 cases were required for the surgeon to complete the learning curve (P = 0.023).

CONCLUSION

With a good assessment of duodenal papilla sphincter function, unobstructed bile-pancreatic duct convergence, exact stone clearance, and sufficient surgical experience to complete the learning curve, PDC remains the preferred method for bile duct closure and is worthy of clinical promotion.
Initial experience with ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine for the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones
Authors: Hu Xiao-Si , Wang Yong , Pan Hong-Tao , Zhu Chao , Zhou Shuai , Chen Shi-Lei , Liu Hui-Chun , Pang Qing , Jin Hao
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

In recent years, the use of ultrafine choledochoscopy has gradually increased in the treatment of cholelithiasis. However, stone incarceration and residual spasm of the sphincter of Oddi may be inevitable when an ultrafine choledochoscope is used alone.

AIM

To investigate the safety and feasibility of ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine in the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones.

METHODS

Seventeen patients with Oddi intersphincter stones were retrospectively analyzed. The perioperative clinical data and follow-up information were collected.

RESULTS

Among the 17 patients, 3 were male and 14 were female. The mean age was 40.6 ± 13.9 years, and the mean diameter of the common bile duct was 7.8 ± 1.3 mm. All patients successfully underwent Oddi intersphincter stone removal using a combination of ultrafine choledochoscopy and low-dose atropine. No serious complications, such as postoperative hemorrhage, pancreatitis or bile leakage occurred in the 17 patients. During the one-year follow-up, none of the patients experienced stone recurrence.

CONCLUSION

Ultrafine choledochoscopy combined with low-dose atropine is safe and feasible for the treatment of Oddi intersphincter stones.
Risk and management of adverse events in minimally invasive esophagectomy
Authors: Li Li-Qun , Jiao Yan
Published: February 2025

Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has transformed esophageal surgery by reducing morbidity, accelerating recovery, and improving postoperative outcomes compared to traditional open esophagectomy. By utilizing techniques such as laparoscopic, thoracoscopic, and robotic-assisted approaches, MIE minimizes surgical trauma while maintaining oncological thoroughness. However, it also presents unique challenges, including risks of complications such as anastomotic leakage, pulmonary complications, and atrial fibrillation. Zhong et al developed and validated a risk stratification model for predicting surgical adverse events after MIE, enhancing preoperative assessment and patient management. This editorial further examines the advantages of MIE, its comparable oncological and long-term outcomes, as well as the incidence and contributing factors of postoperative complications. Emerging technologies, including machine learning models, intraoperative nerve monitoring, and robotic-assisted surgery, are highlighted as innovative solutions for risk prediction and prevention. Strategies such as enhanced recovery after surgery protocols and multidisciplinary collaboration are emphasized for their critical roles in minimizing complications and optimizing patient outcomes. By addressing these aspects, this editorial provides guidance to surgical teams in maximizing the benefits of MIE while effectively managing its associated risks.
Role of two-dimensional shear wave elastography in predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure: A step forwards in hepatic surgery
Authors: Deng Hua-Zhen , Liu Yu-Feng , Zhang Han-Wen
Published: February 2025

This study explores the significance of using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) to assess liver stiffness (LS) and spleen area (SPA) for predicting post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). By providing a non-invasive method to measure LS, which correlates with the degree of liver fibrosis, and SPA, an indicator of portal hypertension, 2D-SWE offers a comprehensive evaluation of a patient’s hepatic status. These advancements are particularly crucial in hepatic surgery, where accurate preoperative assessments are essential for optimizing surgical outcomes and minimizing complications. This letter highlights the practical implications of integrating 2D-SWE into clinical practice, emphasizing its potential to improve patient safety and surgical precision by enhancing the ability to predict PHLF and tailor surgical approaches accordingly.
Correlations of three scoring systems with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated with sepsis syndrome
Authors: Liu Li-Nan , Chang Yu-Fei , Wang Hui
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

Severe symptoms associated with sepsis syndrome (SS) are considered a severe threat, which not only increases therapeutic difficulty but also causes a prognostic mortality rate. However, at present, few related studies focused on the application of different score scales for disease and prognosis assessment in liver cirrhosis (LC) complicated with SS.

AIM

To determine the correlations of the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), and modified early warning score (MEWS) points with the prognosis of patients with LC complicated with SS.

METHODS

This retrospective analysis included 426 LC cases from February 2019 to April 2022. Of them, 225 cases that were complicated with SS were assigned to the LC + SS group, and 201 simple LC cases were included in the LC group. Intergroup differences in MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were compared, as well as their diagnostic value for LC + SS. The correlations of the three scores with the prognosis of patients with LC + SS were further analyzed, as well as the related risk factors affecting patients’ outcomes, after the follow-up investigation.

RESULTS

MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were all higher in the LC + SS group vs the LC group, and their combined assessment for LC + SS revealed a diagnostic sensitivity and a specificity of 89.66% and 90.84%, respectively (P < 0.05). The LC + SS group reported 58 deaths, with an overall mortality rate of 25.78%. Deceased patients presented higher MELD, SOFA, and MEWS points than those who survived (P < 0.05). MELD, SOFA, and MEWS scores were determined by COX analysis as factors independently affecting the prognosis of patients with LC + SS (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

MELD, SOFA, and MEWS effectively diagnosed LC in patients complicated with SS, and they demonstrated great significance in assessing prognosis, which provides a reliable prognosis guarantee for patients with LC + SS. However, their assessment effects remain limited, which is worthy of further investigation by more in-depth and rigorous experimental analysis.