bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rapid screening method to select microdialysis carriers for hydrophobic compounds
Authors: Wang Sin-Jie , Lu Hsiao-Ting , Wang Yu-Chao , Huang Hsin-Ying , Yang Chung-Shi
Published: September 2021

Microdialysis is a minimally invasive sampling technique which is widely applied in many fields including clinical studies. This technique usually has limitation on sampling hydrophobic compounds as aqueous solutions are commonly used as the perfusates. The relative recovery of hydrophobic compounds is often low and irreproducible because of the non-specific binding to microdialysis membranes or catheter tubing. Carriers such as cyclodextrins have been used to improve the recovery and consistency, however the identification of an optimal carrier can only be achieved after time-consuming and costly microdialysis experiments. We therefore developed a rapid, convenient, and low-cost method to identify the optimal carriers for sampling hydrophobic compounds with the use of centrifugal ultrafiltration. Doxorubicin was used as the model compound and its relative recoveries obtained from centrifugal ultrafiltration and from microdialysis were compared. The results show that the relative recoveries are highly correlated (correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9) between centrifugal ultrafiltration and microdialysis when different types or different concentrations of cyclodextrins were used as the carriers. In addition to doxorubicin, this method was further confirmed on three other drugs with different hydrophobicity. This method may facilitate and broaden the use of microdialysis perfusion on sampling or delivering hydrophobic substances in various applications.
Opinion dynamics with backfire effect and biased assimilation
Authors: Chen Xi , Tsaparas Panayiotis , Lijffijt Jefrey , De Bie Tijl
Published: September 2021

The democratization of AI tools for content generation, combined with unrestricted access to mass media for all (e.g. through microblogging and social media), makes it increasingly hard for people to distinguish fact from fiction. This raises the question of how individual opinions evolve in such a networked environment without grounding in a known reality. The dominant approach to studying this problem uses simple models from the social sciences on how individuals change their opinions when exposed to their social neighborhood, and applies them on large social networks. We propose a novel model that incorporates two known social phenomena: (i)Biased Assimilation: the tendency of individuals to adopt other opinions if they are similar to their own; (ii)Backfire Effect: the fact that an opposite opinion may further entrench people in their stances, making their opinions more extreme instead of moderating them. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first DeGroot-type opinion formation model that captures the Backfire Effect. A thorough theoretical and empirical analysis of the proposed model reveals intuitive conditions for polarization and consensus to exist, as well as the properties of the resulting opinions.
Physicians’ knowledge about palliative care in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study using digital social media platforms
Authors: Biswas Jheelam , Banik Palash Chandra , Ahmad Nezamuddin
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Palliative care is still a new concept in many developing countries like Bangladesh. Basic knowledge about palliative care is needed for all physicians to identify and provide this care. This study aims to assess the preliminary knowledge level and the misconceptions about this field among physicians.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 479 physicians using a self-administered structured questionnaire adapted from Palliative Care Knowledge Scale (PaCKs) on various digital social media platforms from December 2019 to February 2020. Chi-square, Fisher’s extract test, and the Monte Carlo extract test was done to compare the knowledge level with the study subjects’ demographic variables.

Results

An almost equal number of physicians of both genders from four major specialties and their allied branches took part in the study (response rate 23.9%). The majority (71%) of the respondents had an average to an excellent level of knowledge about palliative care, with a median score of 11.0. Although most physicians had average knowledge about the primary goals and general concepts of palliative care, misconceptions are highly prevalent. The commonly present misconceptions were that palliative care discourages patients from consulting other specialties (88.9%), refrains them from taking curative treatments (83.1%), and this care is only for older adults (74.5%), cancer patients (63%), and the last six months of life (56.4%). Age, educational qualifications, and specialties had significant relationships (P<0.05) with the level of knowledge.

Conclusion

Despite having average or above knowledge about palliative care, the physicians’ prevailing misconceptions act as a barrier to recognizing the need among the target populations. So, proper education and awareness among the physicians are necessary to cross this field’s barrier and development.
Lessons from a Multispecies Studio: Uncovering Ecological Understanding and Biophilia through Creative Reciprocity
Authors: Andreyev Julie
Published: September 2021

Lessons from a Multispecies Art Studio presents new critical discourse and applied methods based on the author’s own research and art practice called Animal Lover. Each chapter narrates the creative processes of one project, coming into contact with the worlds of canines, salmon, birds and forest communities, and how these encounters transformed the author’s outlook on the Earth and all of life.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kenaikan Berat Badan Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah
Authors: Afian Daffa Hafizh , Anam Mohamad Syarofil , Himawan Ari Budi , Suswihardhyono Adhie Nur Radityo
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang. Bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR) memiliki risiko morbiditas, keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan gagal tumbuh. Faktor yang berhubungan kenaikan berat badan BBLR perlu diketahui agar risiko keterlambatan pertumbuhan dapat dikendalikan. Tujuan. Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan berat badan BBLR di RSUD R.A. Kartini Jepara.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus kontrol. Subyek dibagi dalam kelompok kasus (BBLR dengan kenaikan berat badan tidak sesuai grafik Fenton) dan kelompok kontrol (BBLR dengan kenaikan berat badan sesuai grafik Fenton), kemudian secara retrospektif diteliti faktor yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan BB selama 4 minggu pemantauan. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti adalah usia kehamilan, berat lahir, komplikasi, jumlah diit dan pemberian nutrisi parenteral.Hasil. Data dipilih secara consecutive sampling, didapatkan 148 subyek penelitian yang terdiri dari 72 kasus dan 76 kontrol. Didapatkan 36,1% laki-laki pada kelompok kasus dan 60,5% pada kelompok kontrol. Hubungan bermakna ditemukan pada kenaikan berat badan pada BBLR dengan jenis kelamin (p=0,003), berat lahir (p=0,01), usia kehamilan (p=0,035), komplikasi (p=0,037) dan jumlah diit minggu kedua (p<0,001). Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kenaikan berat badan pada BBLR dengan pemberian nutrisi parenteral (p=0,093).Kesimpulan. Usia kehamilan, berat lahir, komplikasi dan jumlah diit berhubungan dengan kenaikan berat badan BBLR.
Continuing Medical Education Questions: September 2021
Authors: Park James S.
Published: September 2021

Article Title: A scoring model to predict in-hospital mortality in patients with Budd Chiari Syndrome
Revolutionäres Christentum
Authors: Manemann Jürgen
Published: September 2021

Die Gesellschaft wird durch drei Krisen erschüttert: die Klimakrise, die Demokratiekrise und die Corona-Krise. Es bilden sich Risse, in denen Verdrängtes und Neues aufbricht. Furcht breitet sich aus angesichts des Verlustes des Herkömmlichen, aber auch die Faszination für Neues greift um sich. Wo sind dabei die Christ*innen? Laufen sie Gefahr zu versäumen, in dieser Situation etwas Neues zu wagen? Mutlosigkeit breitet sich unter ihnen aus. Sie scheinen sich vor ihrer eigenen Hoffnung zu fürchten. Jürgen Manemann plädiert: Hoffen auf Auferstehung heißt Aufstehen für eine neue Welt. Christ*innen fällt daher heute die Aufgabe zu, Teil einer »Revolution für das Leben« zu werden.
Measuring Research Productivity of Universities with Centre with Potential for Excellence in Particular Area (CPEPA) status in Karnataka State
Authors: Kappi Mallikarjun , M. Chaman Sab , Biradar B S
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to track the research output of the ‘Universities with CPEPA status in Karnataka’ during 2010–2019 as considering the Web of Science database. The Karnatak University, Dharwad, Bangalore University, Bangalore, and the University of Mysore, Mysore have been selected. A total of 8952 documents have been retrieved consisting of journal articles, conference papers, book chapters, so on. A steady increase in research output has been observed. The University of Mysore (UMM) has the largest number of publications. The study shows that multi-authored papers have greater research influence in receiving citations. The study found the most productive authors and their production impacts in terms of the number of citations (ACPP) and also identified the most occurred keywords and journals used to publishing the research results. For visualisation purposes, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix R Package were used.
Citation Accuracy in Obstetrics and Gynecology Journals indexed in the Web of Science
Authors: Khodabakhshi Najme , Shekofteh Maryam , Kazerani Maryam , Jambarsang Sara
Published: September 2021

The accuracy of the citations is crucial in scientific writing. The present study aims to investigate the accuracy of citations in the obstetrics and gynecology journals indexed in the Web of Science. Major and minor citation errors, type of errors, and citation errors in the Q1 to Q4 journals investigate as the objectives. The journals were retrieved by searching the “Obstetrics & Gynecology” category in the Journal Citation Report (JCR) in the Web of Science, and journals in different quartiles (Q1-Q4) were identified by applying the JIF Quartile filter. Eight hundred forty citations were selected from articles in the first five Q1 to Q4 journals using systematic sampling and article type citations were included in the study (730 citations). Bibliographic elements were assessed for citation errors. Findings show that 554 citations (75.89 %) involved errors. Only 24.1 per cent of the citations had no errors. The highest citation errors were related to the volume and issue, with 582 major errors (79.72 %). The citation accuracy in the Q2 and Q3 journals is higher than in other journals. The high rate of citation errors, especially in volumes and numbers, indicates that the journals need to pay attention to citation accuracy in these sections and the use of valid and complete citation styles.
Approach to the intersection between communication and psychology from the terms concept and mediation
Authors: Díaz Téllez Ángel Saúl , Mejía Ríos Jennifer , Aristizábal Murillo Iván David
Published: September 2021

Se presenta una aproximación al entrecruzamiento de la psicología y la comunicación desde los términos “mediación” y “concepto”, los cuales se interpretan como categorías de afinidad. En el contexto general se puede rastrear diversidades semánticas respecto a los términos indicados; esto es complejizado en la comprensión y operacionalización de tales nociones al ser abordadas desde las áreas del saber, en este caso, a partir de la teorización de lo comunicativo y lo psicológico. Por ello, el objetivo para este trabajo es reflexionar respecto a las intersecciones que se dan entre psicología y comunicación por medio de las nociones concepto y mediación. La metodología empleada para este trabajo fue desde lo cualitativo (Hernández-Sampieri y Mendoza-Torres, 2018), en el marco de lo hermenéutico y el corpus se establece desde la localización de discurso delimitado en la intertextualidad de diferentes autores (Aristóteles, 1995; Ausubel, Novak y Hanesian, 1997; Husserl, 1995; Martín-Barbero, 1991; Peirce, 1958; Platón, 1872; Vygotski, 1987, y Wittgenstein, 1999) como referentes de los campos de saber indicados. Este proceso de argumentación se teje a partir de comprender teóricamente la dimensión individual (subjetiva) y social para dar pistas sobre la bisagra que permita mostrar la intersección entre los campos de conocimientos nombrados en relación con las categorías concepto y mediación. Desde ese ámbito se establecen conexiones a partir de las dinámicas textuales, arrojando como inferencias el papel que desde lo general juega el lenguaje, y en particular el signo, como insumos para la comprensión de tales nociones a modo de objetos de estudio en los que convergen la psicología y la comunicación.
Regional Intellectual Wealth and Sustainable Development in Colombia
Authors: Garcia Benitez Paula , Fonseca Zárate Carlos Hildebrando , García Ubaque Juan Carlos
Published: September 2021

Abstract
CONTEXT: There is a growing concern with the economic consumption and unlimited accumulation model because improvement in some parameters implies that others are negatively affected. There is a need for more intellectual wealth, not only oriented towards the market, but also towards engineering and technology.
Methodology: To measure natural/environmental, human, intellectual, public/institutional, and private wealth, the basic results of the Índice de desarrollo territorial sustentable (IDTS, spanish acronyms) are used, which is formed by 60 variables. With data from the 2000-2010 period, the relationship between the 5 types of wealth and sustainability is analyzed using principal component analysis.
Results: At the municipal and departmental levels, the direction of the natural and environmental wealth was found to be opposite direction to the other four. The distance between the different types of wealth ended up being important, and it increases with the IDTS.
Conclusions: The development model followed by Colombia is negatively affecting the natural and environmental wealth and as so is unsustainable. Neither research nor innovation are making adequate use of the natural resources at municipal level, and autonomous regional corporations may be ineffective against the inadequate use of this wealth. It is imperative to modify this exploitation model and reduce the distance between the five types of wealth. Although it is necessary to adopt and develop engineering and technology adequate to biodiversity and tropical geography, this is not enough; substantial social and institutional innovation are also needed in the face of a complex, uncertain, and dizzying technological reality, which is also inequitable at the social and interregional scale.
Financing: This project was self-funded.
PERILAKU ADAPTASI DAN PERUBAHAN PENATAAN HUNIAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Asharhani Imaniar Sofia , Gupitasari Marchelia
Published: September 2021

Penyesuaian perilaku selama Pandemi Covid-19 akibat perubahan pola kegiatan bekerja dan belajar dari rumah memberikan dampak besar pada kegiatan sehari-hari di dalam rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan penghuni dan mengungkap ragam modifikasi hunian yang dilakukan selama masa Pandemi Covid-19. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk menjadi rekomendasi desain untuk hunian yang adaptif apabila terjadi perubahan situasi yang tiba-tiba. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif untuk mengetahui kecenderungan kepuasan penghuni pada proses penataan ulang dalam rumah tinggal. Sampel data dikhususkan kepada keluarga yang melaksanakan bekerja dan belajar dari rumah pada masa protokol menjaga jarak ditetapkan. Pengambilan data ditujukan kepada sejumlah narasumber dan dilakukan wawancara mengenai kepuasan mereka terhadap perubahan yang terjadi pada hunian masing- masing. Narasumber tersebut sekaligus berlaku menjadi pengamat perubahan yang terjadi di hunian mereka. Analisis mengenai ragam perubahan dilakukan dengan membuat klasifikasi terhadap jumlah dan jenis perubahan yang dilakukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan penghuni memiliki kecenderungan kearah positif dengan adanya kompromi terhadap fungsi beragam dalam satu ruangan dan terjadi peningkatan perawatan ruangan, serta kompromi terhadap kebisingan. Tipe perubahan yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah  pembagian dan penukaran fungsi ruangan.
Fixed Point Theorem for Multivalued Non-self Mappings in Partial Symmetric Spaces
Authors: Wangwe Lucas , Kumar Santosh
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we proved a fixed point theorem for multi-valued non-self mappings in partial symmetric spaces. In doing so, we extended and generalized the results in literature by employing a convex structure for multi-valued non-self mappings using Rhoades type contractions. We also provided an illustrative example to support the results.
Relationship between defense mechanisms and psychopathic traits in an Internet sample
Authors: Weber Sandra , Gottdiener William H. , Chou Cordelia
Published: September 2021

The authors compared the defense mechanisms used by a community sample of people with and without self-reported psychopathic traits. Defense mechanisms were assessed using the Defense Style Questionnaire-60 and psychopathy was assessed using the Levinson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in a sample of 225 adults recruited on the Internet. Results found that people with self-reported psychopathy traits used significantly more immature and neurotic defense mechanisms than people without a psychopathic personality profile. All participants reported equal use of mature defenses.
Sleep disorders and related factors among frontline medical staff supporting Wuhan during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Zhang Zhenqing , Hu Yanyu , Chen Yingying , Liao Zhenhua , Zheng Yixiong , Ding Lijun
Published: September 2021

Sleep problems among frontline medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic require attention. A total of 249 frontline medical staff who were recruited to support Wuhan completed this cross-sectional study. A web-based questionnaire about insomnia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue was used to assess mental health status. The prevalence of sleep disorders among frontline medical staff was 50.6%. More time spent in Wuhan and a history of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue were associated with a higher risk of insomnia. People who stayed in Wuhan for a long time with a history of insomnia, depression, anxiety, and fatigue symptoms might be at high risk of insomnia.
Renin, a marker for left ventricular hypertrophy, in primary aldosteronism: a cohort study
Authors: Köhler Anton , Sarkis Anna-Lina , Heinrich Daniel Alexander , Müller Lisa , Handgriff Laura , Deniz Sinan , Schneider Holger , Künzel Heike , Ladurner Roland , Reincke Martin , Adolf Christian
Published: September 2021

Context

Primary aldosteronism (PA) causes left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) via hemodynamic factors and directly by aldosterone effects. Specific treatment by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) or adrenalectomy (ADX) has been reported to improve LVH. However, the cardiovascular benefit could depend on plasma renin concentration (PRC) in patients on MRA.

Patients and objective

We analyzed data from 184 patients from the Munich center of the German Conn’s Registry, who underwent echocardiography at the time of diagnosis and 1 year after treatment. To assess the effect of PRC on cardiac recovery, we stratified patients on MRA according to suppression (n = 46) or non-suppression of PRC (n = 59) at follow-up and compared them to PA patients after ADX (n = 79).

Results

At baseline, patients treated by ADX or MRA had comparable left ventricular mass index (LVMI, 61.7 vs 58.9 g/m2.7, P  = 0.591). Likewise, patients on MRA had similar LVMI at baseline, when stratified into treatment groups with suppressed and unsuppressed PRC during follow-up (60.0 vs 58.1 g/m2.7, P  = 0.576). In all three groups, we observed a significant reduction in LVMI following treatment (P  < 0.001). However, patients with suppressed PRC had no decrease in pro-BNP levels, and the reduction of LVMI was less intense than in patients with unsuppressed PRC (4.1 vs 8.2 g/m2.7, P  = 0.033) or after ADX (9.3 g/m2.7, P  = 0.019). Similarly, in multivariate analysis, higher PRC was correlated with the regression of LVH.

Conclusion

PA patients with suppressed PRC on MRA show impaired regression of LVH. Therefore, dosing of MRA according to PRC could improve their cardiovascular benefit.
Exploration of the Non-Cognitive Ability Assessment: The Scientific Value of the Survey on Social and Emotional Skills
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao
Published: September 2021

Compared with cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills cannot be accomplished through simple academic level tests. It is more through self- reported research and observation reports of others. These two methods are relatively easy to be proposed and tested, but they are easily affected by social expectations, response style and familiarity, resulting in deviations from the real results (Braun et al., 2001; He & Van de Vijver, 2015). Therefore, non-cognitive ability assessment is more challenging.
Does Abracadabra Help Improve the English Reading Ability of Chinese Elementary School Students? A Quasi-Natural Experimental Study
Authors: Gu Hui , Yao Jijun , Bai Ping , Zhou Longjun , Cheung Alan C.K. , Abrami Philip C.
Published: September 2021

ABRACADABRA (abbreviated as ABRA) is a software developed by Concordia University in Canada that focuses on natural spelling and aims to improve English reading ability. This research is based on 129 first graders, 213 second graders, and 275 third graders in the elementary school of Lianyungang Ganyu Huajie Bilingual School. We carried out a one-semester pre-and post-test and quasi-natural experimental research design to explore the effect of ABRA on students of different grades. The study results showed that ABRA improved students’ abilities in all grades to varying degrees, but the impact of the first graders got the most significant. The results of classroom observations and interviews with teachers showed that teachers needed to apply systematic teaching strategies and the control of class attention play a key role in it. To improve students’ English ability, teachers need to effectively improve their ability to apply information technology, especially in English class. Particularly in low-grade classrooms, attention should be paid to the management of class discipline to maintain its efficiency.
Strength Analysis of Traffic Sign Frame
Authors: Gedrimas Giedrius , Sabaliauskas Artūras
Published: September 2021

Traffic sign frame has to be safe, reliable, and withstand the loads to which it can be exposed during exploitation. This type of product strength is determined by the calculations and tests, which are described in the standards. Prior to the production of a prototype, it is useful to perform strength analysis, using analytical or numerical methods.  The article presents the analysis of the existing frame lightening and the strength of lightened frames, using computer-aided design and analysis programs. The analysis showed that the model of this type of product can be lightened, but not all frames can withstand  the loads.The paper has been prepared on the basis of G. Gedrimas’ Master Thesis.
Variation in Diagnostic Testing and Empiric Acyclovir Use for HSV Infection in Febrile Infants
Authors: Treasure Jennifer D. , Shah Samir S. , Hall Matt , Mahant Sanjay , Berry Jay G. , Kimberlin David W. , Schondelmeyer Amanda C.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Clinicians evaluating for herpes simplex virus (HSV) in febrile infants must balance detection with overtesting, and there is no universally accepted approach to risk stratification. We aimed to describe variation in diagnostic evaluation and empirical acyclovir treatment of infants aged 0 to 60 days presenting with fever and determine the association between testing and length of stay (LOS).

METHODS

In this retrospective 44-hospital observational study, we used the Pediatric Health Information System database to identify infants aged ≤60 days evaluated for fever in emergency departments from January 2016 through December 2017. We described hospital-level variation in laboratory testing, including HSV, imaging and other diagnostic evaluations, acyclovir use, and LOS. We assessed the relationship between HSV testing and LOS using generalized linear mixed effects models adjusted for age and illness severity.

RESULTS

In 24 535 encounters for fever, the median HSV testing frequency across hospitals was 35.6% (interquartile range [IQR]: 28.5%–53.5%) for infants aged 0 to 21 days and 12% (IQR: 8.6%–15.7%) for infants aged 22 to 60 days. Among HSV-tested patients, median acyclovir use across hospitals was 79.2% (IQR: 68.1%–89.7%) for those aged 0 to 21 days and 63.6% (IQR: 44.1%–73%) for those aged 22 to 60 days. The prevalence of additional testing varied substantially by hospital and age group. Risk-adjusted LOS for HSV-tested infants was significantly longer than risk-adjusted LOS for those not tested (2.6 vs 1.9 days, P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Substantial variation exists in diagnostic evaluation and acyclovir use, and infants who received HSV testing had a longer LOS than infants who did not. This variability supports the need for further studies to help clinicians better risk-stratify febrile infants and to guide HSV testing and treatment decisions.
Time to Blood Culture Positivity by Pathogen and Primary Service
Authors: MacBrayne Christine E. , Williams Manon C. , Prinzi Andrea , Pearce Kelly , Lamb Dustin , Parker Sarah K.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVES

Initiation and continuation of empirical antimicrobial agents for a 48–72-hour observation period is routine practice in the diagnosis and treatment of infants and children with concern for bacteremia. We examined blood cultures at a freestanding pediatric hospital over a 6-year period to determine the time to positivity.

METHODS

Data were extracted for all patients who were hospitalized and had blood cultures drawn between January 2013 and December 2018. Time to positivity was calculated on the basis of date and time culture was collected compared with date and time growth was first reported.

RESULTS

Over a 6-year period, 89 663 blood cultures were obtained, of which 6184 had positive results. After exclusions, a total of 2121 positive blood culture results remained, including 1454 (69%) pathogens and 667 contaminants (31%). For all positive blood culture results, the number and percentage positive at 24, 36, and 48 hours were 1441 of 2121 (68%), 1845 of 2121 (87%) and 1970 of 2121 (93%), respectively. One hundred twenty-five (66 pathogens, 59 contaminants) of the 89 663 cultures (0.14%) yielded positive results between 36 and 48 hours, indicating that 719 patients would need to be treated for 48 hours rather than 36 hours to prevent 1 case of antibiotic termination before positive result. Median times to positive result by pathogen and service line are presented.

CONCLUSIONS

This study reveals that ≤36 hours may be a sufficient period of observation for infants and children started on empirical antimicrobial agents for concern for bacteremia. These findings highlight opportunities for antimicrobial stewardship to limit antimicrobial .
State of Women in Medicine: History, Challenges, and the Benefits of a Diverse Workforce
Authors: Joseph Madeline M. , Ahasic Amy M. , Clark Jesse , Templeton Kim
Published: September 2021

Women in medicine have made progress since Elizabeth Blackwell: the first women to receive her medical degree in the United States in 1849. Yet although women currently represent just over one-half of medical school applicants and matriculates, they continue to face many challenges that hinder them from entering residency, achieving leadership positions that exhibit final decision-making and budgetary power, and, in academic medicine, being promoted. Challenges include gender bias in promotion, salary inequity, professional isolation, bullying, sexual harassment, and lack of recognition, all of which lead to higher rates of attrition and burnout in women physicians. These challenges are even greater for women from groups that have historically been marginalized and excluded, in all aspects of their career and especially in achieving leadership positions. It is important to note that, in several studies, it was indicated that women physicians are more likely to adhere to clinical guidelines, provide preventive care and psychosocial counseling, and spend more time with their patients than their male peers. Additionally, some studies reveal improved clinical outcomes with women physicians. Therefore, it is critical for health care systems to promote workforce diversity in medicine and support women physicians in their career development and success and their wellness from early to late career.
The trend of distance education: problems and prospects for implementation
Authors: Grigorov George
Published: September 2021

Distance education has become an integral part of the educational system around the world. Official statistics on distance education, confirm a steady increase in the number of participants in distance learning and courses. The range of courses offered by more than 200 distance learning institutions, including about 1500 courses, of which about 75% – vocational and about 25% – general education. For the most part, this method of training is offered mainly by private institutes.The success of distance learning can be explained against the backdrop of changing conditions in economics, technology, and society. By the era of industrial society, the educational ideal of modern society was oriented to the classical educational systems for that time, which originated in antiquity. In many countries, traditional social norms have changed over the past 20 years.One authoritative researcher in the field of distance education noted that technology as a service delivery system has played an important role in the development of distance education and research. Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in the number of educational institutions that offer a service such as distance learning. There has also been an increase in the number of students receiving distance education not only in our country, but also in educational institutions around the world.Despite the fact that there have been extensive studies of open distance learning, there is no consensus on the indisputable benefit or inadmissibility of distance learning in higher education. Identification and study of problematic issues in the field of distance education implementation remains very relevant today.In this article we want to consider some problematic issues of distance learning in higher education, which is considered today the most favorable for the study and implementation of the model of exclusively online learning.
amanhã da Educação Ambiental
Authors: Pereira Vilmar Alves , Amaral Marcel Jardim
Published: September 2021

Este ensaio se situa no campo dos Fundamentos da Educação Ambiental (EA) e tem por objetivo refletir sobre possibilidades e alternativas para o futuro da EA no mundo pós-COVID-19. Realiza esse movimento tomando por referência possíveis mudanças na relação humanidade-natureza. A partir de uma abordagem da hermenêutica filosófica, procura num primeiro momento situar algumas questões centrais da crise socioecológica que vivenciamos desde o mundo pré-COVID-19, num segundo, demonstrando que a COVID-19 agrava ainda mais esse quadro, procura apontar possibilidades pelo horizonte da EA de superação da perspectiva antropocêntrica bem como da necessidade de mudança nas relações de domínio da natureza. Uma das conclusões do estudo é que a COVID-19 cria exigências e de certa forma acelera a necessidade de adoção de novas posturas socioambientais que podem ser decisivas para o futuro da vida no planeta.
Palavras-chave: Educação; ambiental; pós-COVID-19; Humanidade-Natureza.
Sustentabilidade no Ambiente de Startups: Revisão Sistemática de Publicações Internacionais
Authors: Oliveira Renata Mendes de , Beuren Ilse Maria
Published: September 2021

Este estudo analisa as abordagens das pesquisas publicadas em periódicos internacionais sobre sustentabilidade no ambiente de startups. Uma revisão sistemática foi realizada nos artigos sobre a temática publicados nos últimos vinte anos (1999-2018), disponíveis na base de dados da Scopus. Além de identificar o período com maior número de publicações, os periódicos que se sobressaíram e a autoria dos artigos, analisaram-se aspectos metodológicos das pesquisas e o objetivo de cada artigo. Os resultados revelaram que as publicações sobre a temática se tornaram mais frequentes em anos recentes, apenas dois periódicos se destacaram, e não se observou formação de redes de autores. Nos aspectos metodológicos, predominaram pesquisas desenvolvidas por meio de estudos de casos e levantamentos, com coleta de dados a partir de entrevistas, documentos e questionários. Os objetivos declarados nos artigos apontam predominância da abordagem econômica da sustentabilidade, em detrimento das abordagens social e ambiental, que juntas formam o Triple Bottom Line. Não foi observado um eixo quanto ao que é objetivado pelos artigos, o que inibe inferências quanto às tendências de pesquisas sobre sustentabilidade em startups. No entanto, isso representa uma importante contribuição, aponta uma lacuna de pesquisa relativa aos aspectos sustentáveis de startups.
Comportamento de Consumo Ambientalmente Responsável de Futuros Formadores de Opinião da Capital Paranaense
Authors: Heimann Jaqueline De Paula , Freire Gabriel De Mello , Oliveira Gustavo Silva , De Alvarenga Gabriel a Araujo , Da Silva João Carlos Garzel Leodoro , Steiner Neto Pedro Afonso
Published: September 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o nível de consciência ambiental dos futuros formadores de opinião da Universidade Federal do Paraná no momento de consumo.  Os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de questionário aplicado a 180 estudantes de uma IFES. Após análise inicial para testar a multicolinearidade e existência de outliers múltiplos, as variáveis foram submetidas a Análise Fatorial Exploratória. Pelo critério de Kaiser, combinado com a análise do diagrama de sedimentação (scree plot) as variáveis foram agrupadas em 4 fatores, submetidos à análise de confiabilidade pelo cálculo do Alpha de Cronbach. Todos os fatores apresentaram índices adequados para um estudo experimental. O resultado apresenta escala robusta para a mensuração do comportamento desejado, identificando diferenças relevantes de resultados entre os fatores, sugerindo a existência de comportamentos diferenciados para situações específicas.
Economic and potential profitability assessment of poultry farming
Authors: Gholap V.B. , Benke S.R. , Patil S.N.
Published: September 2021

India today is the one of the world’s largest producer of eggs and broiler meat. The poultry industry in India has undergone a major shift in structure and operation during the last two decades transforming from a mere backyard activity into a major industry with the presence of a large number of integrated players. Present study was conducted to examine the economic and potential profitability assessment of poultry farming. The study was based on the data collected from the primary source. The results revealed thatthe total fixed cost in RIR breed and Kadaknath breed were estimated to be Rs. 55.66 per bird and Rs. 50.61 per bird, respectively. Feed cost was the major cost item accounting 57 per cent of the total cost. BCR, IRR and PI of the project were 1.56, 57 per cent and 2.57, respectively. Similarly, NPW of the project was also positive. Project recovered its initial investment in one year one month 28 days. It shows that, this project is financially feasible.
Process modeling: technological innovation to control the risk for perioperative positioning injury
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Luzia , Torres Fernanda Broering Gomes , Santos Eduardo Alves Portela , Cubas Marcia Regina
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to report the construction of a process model to support the decision making of operating room nurses to control the risk for perioperative positioning injury. Methods: experience report on a process model that helps nurses with decision making regarding clients at risk for perioperative positioning injury. By following the steps, it was possible to identify intrinsic and extrinsic variables of the literature and of the workflows of teams involved in the positioning of the client for surgery. The Business Process Model and Notation, the Bizagi Modeler software and terms from the International Classification for Nursing Practice were used in the model. Results: the experience allowed the observation of the knowledge integration between different areas, which enabled the process modeling and its validation. Conclusions: process modeling is an innovative option for the development of support systems for clinical nursing decisions.
Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS-PT©) in nursing students: translation and validation
Authors: Duarte Hugo Miguel Santos , Dixe Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate, for the Portuguese population, the Clinical Decision-Making Nursing Scale© (CDMNS©). Methods: this methodological study involved 496 nursing students who filled in a questionnaire created using sociodemographic and academic data, and the scale to evaluate the making of decisions in nursing. Results: the confirmatory factorial analysis showed that the adjustment of the factorial structure has good quality, being made up by three factors (X2/gl = 2.056; GFI = 0.927; CFI = 0.917; RMSEA = 0.046; RMR = 0.039; SRMR = 0.050). For the scale to be reliable, it had to include only the reliability of the scale required it to be constituted by 23 items, with correlation values that varied from 0.184 and 0.610, and a global Cronbach's Alpha of 0.851, which showed its good reliability. Conclusions: the CDMNS-PT© is valid and reliable, showing a high potential to be used in clinical practice and investigation.
Boron on in vitro growth and enzymatic activity of Blueberry
Authors: Santos Jessé Neves dos , Ayub Ricardo Antonio , Pessenti Isabela Letícia , Pereira André Belmont
Published: September 2021

Abstract Boron (B) is essential for plants metabolism and most culture mediums use the same concentration, but in different quantities this nutrient may provoke growth alterations. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of B on in vitro growth of blueberry in three experiments. The first experiment of multiplication (evaluated at 90 days) used 3 concentrations of 2-isopentenyladenine-2iP with 4 concentrations of boric acid-BA (factorial scheme 3x4). The second used 4 concentrations of BA and 1 concentration of 2iP and the third (rooting) used 4 concentrations of BA and 1 concentration of indolbutyric acid-IBA both evaluated at 180 days (unifactorial scheme). All the experiments had 4 replicates with explants. 6.2 mg L-1 of B and 5.0 mg L-1 of 2iP generated the highest shoot quantity (18.4, 25.5 respectively). From the interaction of these concentrations, there was the highest activity of POD and PPO enzymes. Under B deficit was seen a larger number of shoot-tip necrosis (9), red leaves (31) and high activity of the PAL, IAAO and POD enzymes. With IBA the correlation between IAAO and the roots’ growth was positive, showing that blueberry rooting depends of both B and IAAO regulation.
Avaliação da Distribuição Espacial das Estações de Observação Climática de Superfície de Santa Catarina Ativas em 2020, Segundo As Orientações da Organização Mundial de Meteorologia (OMM)
Authors: Vianna Luiz Fernando de Novaes , Pandolfo Cristina , Blainski Everton , Vieira Hamilton Justino
Published: September 2021

Resumo A Organização Mundial de Meteorologia (OMM) orienta que cada estação de observação climática de uma rede de estações de superfície represente “o estado da atmosfera de uma vasta região”. A dimensão dessa região, ou área de representatividade, pode variar de 2.000 km2 a 10.000 km2, dependendo da heterogeneidade do relevo. Regiões com relevo homogêneo podem ter uma menor densidade de estações (uma estação a cada 10.000 km2), enquanto regiões com relevo acidentado e com muita variação de altitude precisam de uma densidade maior de estações (uma estação a cada 2.000 km2). O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar a heterogeneidade do relevo de Santa Catarina com a distribuição das 187 estações de observação climática ativas em 01/08/2020, analisar se as densidades são representativas e propor uma distribuição que represente a heterogeneidade do relevo de Santa Catarina, segundo as orientações da OMM. Três métricas de terreno (altitude, desvio padrão da altitude e índice de posição topográfica) foram utilizadas para mapear a heterogeneidade do relevo. O mapeamento foi feito no ArcGis Pro (v. 2.1.2) utilizando-se análise de componentes principais e análise de agrupamento. Os resultados apontam que, em termos quantitativos, o número atual de estações de observação climática pode atender às orientações da OMM, porém é necessário que se faça uma distribuição espacial mais adequada, para que a rede cubra a maior variabilidade fisiográfica possível.
Perineal protection methods: knowledge and use
Authors: Martínez Esther María López , Sáez Zaraida Avilés , Sánchez Encarnación Hernández , Ávila Marcos Camacho , Conesa Ester Marín , Ferrer María Belén Conesa
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyse the knowledge and use of perineal protection methods during the expulsive stage by health professionals involved in childbirth and whether they correspond to the World Health Organization’s recommendations. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study aimed at health workers involved in births in Spain. Results: Fifty-seven professionals participated in the study: midwives (47%), gynaecologists (25%), nurse residents (14%) and resident physicians (14%) in obstetrics and gynaecology. The degree of knowledge and use of perineal protection methods differed according to the position held and was very limited among gynaecologists and resident physicians. The only method recognized by all positions was “hands on” (p = 0.05). “Hands off ” (p = 0.002), “delayed pushing” (p = 0.0001) and “maternal posture” (p = 0.03) were only known to midwives and nurse residents. “Flexion technique” (p = 0.035) and “delayed pushing” (p = 0.011) were used effectively by midwives and nurse residents. “Episiotomy” was erroneously identified as a method to protect the perineum by gynaecologists and resident physicians (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The degree of knowledge and use of perineal protection methods by health care professionals does not correspond to the recommendations of the World Health Organization.
ASSOCIATION OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES IN LIVE BIRTHS WITH THEIR OBSTETRIC-NEONATAL AND SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES
Authors: Freitas Luana Cristina de Souza , Nunes Altacílio Aparecido , Meneguci Joilson , Nascimento Neto Genezio Cândido do , Castro Sybelle de Souza
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the association of congenital anomalies in live births with the obstetric-neonatal and sociodemographic profile. Methods: an ecological study, conducted in 2019, with 251,444 live births, identified through the database of the Live Birth Information System of the Minas Gerais Health Secretariat. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were adopted for the analysis. Results: 1,865 cases of anomalies (0.7%) were found, with predominance of deformity of the musculoskeletal system in 789 (42.3%) live births. The variables that presented a significant association with congenital anomalies were single mothers, age ≥35 years old, inadequately performed prenatal care initiated in the third trimester of pregnancy, double (or more) pregnancy, preterm births, cesarean delivery, fetal breech presentation, exclusive assistance by the medical professional during delivery, newborn with high-risk 5-minute Apgar score, low birth weight, and male gender. Conclusion: in 2019, the congenital malformations in the state of Minas Gerais were associated with single women, aged ≥35 years old, who underwent inadequate and late prenatal care, and with double or more pregnancies. In relation to the newborns, the malformations were associated with a high risk for late sequelae, weight between ≤1,000 g and <2.500 g, and male gender.
CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF THE POSITIVE MENTAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE FOR NURSING STUDENTS IN THE BRAZILIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Sousa Kayo Henrique Jardel Feitosa , Lluch-Canut Maria Teresa , Gallasch Cristiane Helena , Zeitoune Regina Célia Gollner
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire for undergraduate Nursing students, in the Brazilian context. Method: a psychometric study conducted in public universities in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil, between October 2019 and July 2020. The transcultural adaptation process encompassed the following stages: translation; reconciliation; back-translation; independent reviews by a committee of reviewers; pre-completion; completion; harmonization; formatting and review; cognitive test with 31 undergraduate Nursing students from two public universities; and analysis of the comments. Results: the process lasted approximately ten months, and the initial translations, carried out independently by two translators, achieved close versions; none of the translators reported difficulties in translating the meanings of the items. The Brazilian version of the instrument maintained conceptual, semantic, idiomatic, and experimental equivalences. The mean content validity ratio values for clarity, relevance, pertinence, and theoretical dimension were higher than established; the assessment by the target audience showed good understanding. Conclusion: the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire - Brazilian version showed equivalence with the original version, developed in Spain, and presented satisfactory evidence of content validity for use with undergraduate Nursing students in Brazil, being easy-to-understand by the target audience.
Update about “minimally verbal” children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Posar Annio , Visconti Paola
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To review clinical and neurobiological features of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder. Data source: We carried out a narrative review using the PubMed database. We considered the following search terms combined through the Boolean operator “AND”: “autism spectrum disorder”; “minimally verbal.” Data synthesis: To date, there is no shared definition of minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder. The heterogeneity in intellectual functioning and in linguistic abilities among these individuals suggests there is no single mechanism underlying their difficulties in learning to speak. However, the reasons why these children do not speak and the biological markers that can identify them are still unknown. Language impairment in these children can lead to several unfavorable consequences, including behavior problems (such as self-aggression, hetero-aggression, and property destruction), poorer daily living and social skills. Psychiatric comorbidities (including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific phobias, and compulsions) consist in a serious problem related to the lack of verbal language in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Although in the literature there are very few evidence-based results, several findings suggest that an alternative and augmentative communication intervention, creating an extra-verbal communication channel, may be effective in these individuals. Conclusions: The exact definition, clinical characteristics, associated disorders, etiology, and treatment of minimally verbal subjects with autism spectrum disorder must still be further studied and understood.