bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The synergistic effect of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles with antibiotic against clinical isolates
Authors: Al-khafaji Marwa H. , Hashim Mohammed H.
Published: November 2021

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a life threating problem and the need for an alternative is increasing worldwide.

Objective of this study is: Detecting the combination effect of AuNps with Amoxicillin/clavulanate (AMC) antibiotic against antibiotic resistant clinical bacterial isolates.

Materials and methods: Gold nanoparticles were biosynthesized using food origin Citrobacter freundii isolate (C2) which was isolated from chicken meat samples by pour plate method and identified using cultural characteristics, biochemical tests and the identification to the species level was completed by Vitek-2 system and this identification was confirmed by sequencing of the 16 s r RNA. The biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was optimized in order to achieve the finest AuNps with a diameter range (30-60) nm. and the biosynthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by visual observation and then characterized using various characterization techniques: Uv-vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis and scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The combination effect of AuNps with AMC antibiotic was detected against clinical bacterial isolates.

Results: The results revealed the biosynthesized AuNPs were roughly spherical and poly-dispersed, and they were highly effective with concentration (62.5 µg/ml) that inhibit the bacterial growth, MIC values of AMC antibiotic against clinical isolates were determined as 500 µg/ml, while the combination of gold nanoparticles and AMC had wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against different isolates of the bacteria that used in this study.

Conclusion: There was a significant synergistic effect between the biosynthesized gold nanoparticles when used in combination with antibiotic where the minimum inhibitory concentrations of the combination (AuNps/AMC) were less than its concentration when each of them (AuNps) or (AMC) used separately.
Effect of tannic acid on urease and protease produced from Proteus mirabilis
Authors: Al-Zaidi Omar S. , Zwein Luma abd alhady
Published: November 2021

Back ground: P.mirabilis is a gram negative bacterium, motile with its peritrichous flagella .Widely distributed in environment, especially in contaminated water and soil, Many virulence factors like LPS, urease, protease, hemolysin and biofilm formation play an important roles in the pathogenicity of P. mirabilis. Urease is a Nickel containing enzyme causes elevation of urine pH after hydrolyzing urea to ammonia and CO2 forming stones that blocks the urinary track.

Aims: The effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease.                                                                       

Material and methods: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were collected from different sources, Clinical and animal sources all isolates were cultured on MacConkey and blood agar and identification of P. mirabilis by, Vitek -2 compact system. Determine the effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease.                                                                                             

Results: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were identified depending on Vitek-2 compact system, after identification, it turns out that only 18  isolate were P. mirabilis. All isolates were 100% able to produce urease and 72.2%  isolate were able to produce protease. The addition of tannic acid showed an inhibitory effect on urease and protease production.

Conclusion: The effect of tannic acid on urease and protease depending on concentration, type of strain, incubation period, number of isolates and truculence of isolate.
Assessment of liver enzymes in saliva and serum of Iraqi patients with chronic periodontitis disease
Authors: Ridha Hussein SH. , Kadri Zahraa H.M.
Published: November 2021

Objective: The present study aimed to assess of four liver enzymes, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT).

Material and Methods: Based on periodontal clinical parameters, sixty four patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and twenty four controls were enrolled in the study. Saliva and serum samples were collected and Automated Chemistry Analyzer AU 480 was employed to assess levels of enzymes. Results: Compared to healthy controls, the levels of the four enzymes were significant increased in serum of patients, especially in the severe group while in the saliva a significant increase observed only in the level of AST. Moreover, Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT) the levels of these enzymes in serum were significantly higher than those in saliva.

Conclusion: ALT, AST, ALP and GGT serum levels are suggested to be important indicators for disease progression as well as predict the liver health.
Screening for Cervical Cancer by Sequential Examination of the Cervix
Authors: Hassan Wassan N. , Hamed Roaa M. , Akram Wisam
Published: November 2021

Background: cervical cancer carries a death sentence in the mind of every patient. Since it has a long history; it can be cured if caught early. Pap smear screening has been effective in reducing rates of cervical cancer, still, it has some draws back especially low sensitivity. The study aimed to increase the detection of Pap- tests by sequential examination of the cervix by Pap smear and colposcopy and to demonstrate the demographic criteria of those affected.

Material and method: A Comparative clinical study, conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in AL-Yarmouk hospital /Baghdad, Iraq from 2017-2018. One hundred sexually active female fits into our inclusion and exclusion criteria were invited to participate after we explain it is aim, all participant filled a questioner sheet and were screened by Pap-smear then immediately by colposcopy exam.

Result: history of post-coital bleeding and bleeding on touch scored meaningful P-value<0.05, Pap-smear examination shows 20% as abnormal study stratified into 13/20 CIN I [Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm], 3/20 CIN II, 2/20 CIN III, and 2/20 malignant cases. The colposcopy exam showed 32/100 abnormal cases necessitating directed histological biopsies. Examination confirms 20/32 CIN I, 7/32 CIN II, 2/32 CIN III, and 3/32 cases with cervical malignancy.

Conclusions: cervical smear had specificity and positive predictive value of 100% yet it missed 11 cases diagnosed with colposcopy one was malignant. As a result, Pap-smear alone can detect up to 18% of the pre-cancerous lesion of the cervix, this figure increases to 29% when dumbing the results of the colposcopic directed biopsy. The sensitivity of the test was 62.5% with a false-negative percentage of 37.5%, having a total 88% accuracy rate and a negative predictive value of 85%, this study confirms the benefits of the combined method of screening and may be used to increase pap-smear sensitivity.
Ship course control system with compensation of external disturbance on steering gear
Authors: Dyda Alexander Aleksandrovich , Nguyen Van Thanh , Oskin Dmitry Aleksandrovich
Published: November 2021

The article focuses on developing synthesis methods for automatic heading control systems for the rudder-controlled sea vessel. The solution of the problem of vessel heading control is carried out in the conditions of heavy sea. The disturbing effect of the external water environment causes the vessel yawning, which results in exceeding activity of the steering gear. This leads to its increased wear and loss in the longitudinal speed of the vessel. To reduce the wave effect there has been supposed an approach based on the additionally introduced internal model of the ship dynamics. The given approach is aimed at improving the operation of the steering gear in rough seas. To implement the proposed algorithm, changes are made to the original system by introducing an internal model in parallel to the control object and modifying the feedback channel of the control system. To describe the sea vessel dynamics there is used the 1st order Nomoto model, the steering gear model is implemented in accordance with the imposed speed limits and the rudder shift value. Wave disturbance is close to harmonic disturbance. The identification of the parameters of the internal model can be carried out in advance, both by maneuvering tests and by the process of operation. Numerical simulations carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink system confirmed the advantage of the proposed approach. The synthesis of control in a system with an internal model makes it possible to significantly neutralize the influence of wave disturbance. The modifications introduced to the original control system help to improve functioning of the steering gear, significantly reducing the number of rudder shifts during operation.
Application of plate with optical sensors in ship information systems
Authors: Bordyug Alexander Sergeevich
Published: November 2021

The article considers application of fiber optic devices in many devices due to their small size and high accuracy. The new fiber optic devices are equipped with a Slab Coupled Fiber (SCF) system. The SCF method uses resonant coupling between an optical fiber and a plate waveguide to create an intra-fiber device. Devices manufactured with this technology consist of polarizers, filters and sensors. Fiber optic systems have been used in torque measurement systems in the oil and gas industry and in aerospace industry. Using this system on ships is more expensive in comparison with the technologies based on strain gauges. There is offered using inexpensive optical measuring system with plate optical sensors. SCF devices use D-shaped fiber as a platform. Plate optical sensor (SCOS) devices are based on the use of an electro-optical sensor. Today, a D-fiber coupled magnetic field sensor has been developed. The device combines a magneto-optical plate waveguide with a D-fiber to measure magnetic fields. The plate coupled magneto-optical sensor (MO-SCOS) measures magnetic fields up to 2 A/m. Due to its short length the sensor can display fields with a spatial resolution of 1 mm.
THE CULTURAL VALUES ​​OF THE ISLAND’S INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
Authors: Titaley Elsina , Watloly Aholiab
Published: November 2021

The cultural values of the indigenous peoples in the form of local wisdom are identities and guidelines that must be upheld. Currently, the cultural values of the indigenous peoples in the islands are already at a weakening of their identity. So that the purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive understanding to the indigenous people of the island of Asilulu to maintain the beauty values that have been preserved since the time of their ancestors several hundred years ago. The method used in this research is qualitative in the form of case studies to re-explore the cultural values of society. It should be noted that the people in this country are experiencing a weakening of cultural values which is marked by the loss of some traditional institutions that were previously preserved and upheld. This attenuation occurs as a result of the influence of external factors and internal factors in society. The results of the research prove that the community has the desire to revive these cultural values.
Himeneos pasados y futuros: Ifigenia en Táuride y Troyanas de Eurípides
Authors: Napoli Juan Tobías
Published: November 2021

Entre las numerosas referencias que encontramos en las tragedias de Eurípides a los himeneos, intentaremos profundizar su significado literario en dos de sus obras: los himeneos recordados por las mujeres que forman el coro de Ifigenia en Táuride y los de Troyanas: los himeneos pasados y futuros de los que habla Hécuba, así como el himeneo inminente que Casandra ejecuta por anticipado, poniendo en obra la previsión de su madre. Muchos de los valores de estas celebraciones tienen que ver con el rito tradicional del matrimonio y frecuentemente han sido analizados desde esta perspectiva histórica. Sin embargo, intentaremos demostrar que el poeta los utiliza con un valor nuevo, literario, principalmente irónico o de contraste.
“Dionysos entre Bacchantes et Grenouilles”: petite histoire d’une dispute philologique, avec une proposition pour aller au-delà
Authors: Saetta Cottone Rossella
Published: November 2021

Dès le début des années 60 du siècle dernier, plusieurs philologues se sont penchés sur la présence de parallélismes significatifs entre la représentation de Dionysos qu’offrent les Bacchantes d’Euripide et celle qui est au cœur des Grenouilles d’Aristophane, des parallélismes que la chronologie relative de ces deux pièces a sans doute contribué à souligner. Ces données ont été interprétées de différentes manières, étant le plus souvent mises sur le compte du mythe auquel les deux pièces se réfèrent ou de la parodie comique de la tragédie. Dans ce qui suit, je souhaite reconstituer les étapes principales de ce débat, tout en y apportant ma contribution. L’hypothèse que je soutiendrai est que les parallélismes identifiés par les chercheurs sont à comprendre dans le cadre d’une rivalité poétique inter-générique entre Euripide et Aristophane. Dans cette perspective, le fait que Dionysos soit le protagoniste des deux pièces ne peut pas être dissocié de sa fonction comme représentant de deux conceptions antagonistes du théâtre. Ces dernières s’expriment notamment par le moyen du travestissement dans le cadre des scénarios initiatiques qui concluent les Bacchantes et ouvrent les Grenouilles.
Pengelolaan Anestesi pada Pasien yang dilakukan Eksisi Tumor Medula Spinalis Servikal 2-3 dengan Ventrikel Ekstra Sistole
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sriwijaya/Dr.  Moeh. Hoesin General Hospital Palembang, Indonesia, Dewi Maharani Nurmala
Published: November 2021

Compression of the spinal cord can cause irritation to the autonomic nervous system. Hyperinervation of sympathetic nerves at high risk for arrhythmias characterized by electrocardiographic results in changes in P-wave duration, QRS duration, ST-segment depression, T-wave peak interval, and ventricular extrasystole. A 52-year-old male with an intra-extramedullar tumor in cervical 2-3, tetraparesis, dysrhythmias, and ventricular extrasystole bigemini. Wide excision of tumor and posterior stabilization would be performed. The pulse was 90x/minute palpable irregularly. Electrocardiography examination revealed irregular rhythm 82 x/minute and ventricular extrasystole 10 x/minute. Echocardiography showed grade 3 diastolic dysfunction with preserved LV function. Before the procedure, the patient was given management for the dysrhythmia and ventricular extrasystole with analgetics and amiodaron 150mg (10ml) in the first 10 minutes followed by 360mg (200mg) for the next 6 hours, 540mg for the next 18 hours and analgetics. General anesthesia carried out with midazolam 3mg, fentanyl 200mcg, lidocaine 60mg, propofol 100mg, and atricurium 30mg, with manual intubation in-line. After arterial line and central venous catheter insertion, the patient was placed in the prone position. Surgery lasted for approximately 6 hours. The patient was treated in the ICU for 2 days before moving to the usual ward. Amiodarone can be considered in ventricular extrasystole requiring immediate treatment with stable hemodynamic.
Manajemen Low Flow Anesthesia pada Pasien Kraniosinostosis dengan Hipertelorisme yang menjalani Four Box Wall Osteotomy, dan Eksisi Redundant Skin Fronto Nasal
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia, Afif Syarif , Yulianti Bisri Dewi ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia, Harahap M. Sofyan ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Diponegoro/Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang, Indonesia, Gaus Syafruddin ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hasanuddin/Dr.  Dr. Wahidin Makassar, Indonesia
Published: November 2021

Craniosynostosis is a case that diagnosed in the first year of life and can need surgical in young age. Craniosynostosis is a part of hypertelorism with incidence rate around 20%. Boy, 13 years old with hypertelorism had undergone multiple surgery for correction of hypertelorism before. Patient was planned to advance surgical correction of four box wall osteotomy which consist frontal part correction and part of it is release craniosynostosis in coronal suture. Risk of massive bleeding because patient already in teen age and length of surgery can be prolonged. Difficult airway management due to fascial deformity, use of low flow anesthesia to preserve temperature and reduce inhalation anesthesia usage, intraoperative fluid management in consideration maintenance and replacement blood loss and post operative pain management has become another consideration. Covid-19 as part of problems post operatively being known before extubation made the process is delayed. Massive bleeding needs massive transfusion protocol to speed up blood availability. Blood product such as PRC, FFP and TC should be available because coagulation factor is part of consideration. Anesthesia management in hypertelorism with four box wall osteotomy need good communication between anesthesiologist, neurosurgeon, plastic surgeon and pediatric intensivist to reduce perioperative risk including covid-19 in pandemic era.
Long-term outcome and quality of life of dogs that developed neurologic signs after surgical treatment of a congenital portosystemic shunt: 50 cases (2005–2020)
Authors: Escribano Carrera Antía , Morrissey Anya M. , Lipscomb Victoria J. , Tivers Michael S. , Chan Alex , Lisa Pinel Pisco Vera , Anderson Davina M. , Fox-Alvarez William A. , Kirby DVM Barbara M. , de Rooster Hilde , Nurra Genziana , Yool Donald A. , Singh Ameet , Olive Melanie , Phillipe Billet Jean , Mullins Ronan A.
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine survival time and quality of life of dogs that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after surgical treatment of a single congenital portosystemic shunt and survived at least 30 days and identify whether neurologic signs present at the time of discharge would resolve or reoccur.

ANIMALS

50 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES

Medical records were retrospectively reviewed, and follow-up data relating to neurologic signs and seizure activity were obtained. Owners were asked to complete a questionnaire related to the presence of neurologic signs, including seizures, and their dog’s quality of life.

RESULTS

Thirty of the 50 (60%) dogs had postattenuation seizures with or without other nonseizure neurologic signs, and 20 (40%) had neurologic signs other than seizures. Neurologic signs had fully resolved by the time of discharge in 24 (48%) dogs. Signs resolved in 18 of the remaining 26 (69%) dogs that still had PANS other than seizures at the time of discharge. Seizures reoccurred in 15 of the 30 dogs that had postattenuation seizures. Twenty-seven of 33 (82%) owners graded their dog’s long-term (> 30 days after surgery) quality-of-life as high. Forty-five (90%) dogs survived > 6 months. Most (29/43 [67%]) neurologic signs (other than seizures) present at the time of hospital discharge resolved.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Findings highlighted that survival times of > 6 months and a high QOL can be achieved in most dogs with PANS that survive at least 30 days. Most neurologic signs other than seizures resolved within 1 month postoperatively. Half of the dogs with postattenuation seizures had a reoccurrence.
KARAKTERISASI DAN VIABILITAS INOKULASI BAKTERI PELARUT P DALAM BAHAN PEMBAWA KOMPOS DAN ZEOLIT
Authors: Rahmayuni Erlina , Ismiani Sri , Muslimah Dhanti Hanifa , Wilujeng Elly Daru Ika , Riizqulloh Muhammad Naufal
Published: November 2021

Tanah merupakan sumber daya penting bagi kehidupan yang ada di muka bumi.  Tanah menyediakan air, udara dan nutrisi yang dibutuhkan bagi makhluk hidup seperti mikroorganisme tanah dan tanaman.  Tujuan dari penelitian adalah : mengisolasi dan karakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat, dan menguji patogenitas isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat pada tanaman tembakau. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Tanah, Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lingkungan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, pada bulan Oktober 2017 sampai Januari 2018. hasil isolasi bakteri pada tanah lahan percobaan kampus Institut Pertanian Bogor diperoleh empat isolat potensial yang mempunyai kemampuan tinggi dalam melarutkan fosfat dengan membentuk zona bening (halozone). Hasil pengujian patogenitas pada daun tembakau setelah 48 jam menunjukkan tingkat patogenitas yang berbeda dari masing-masing isolat potensial.  Hasil uji patogenitas pada tanaman tembakau diperoleh dua isolat potensial dari empat isolat terpilih yang kompeten digunakan sebagai pupuk hayati yaitu isolat BPF P (dari tanaman padi) dan BPF J (dari tanaman jagung).
DINAMIKA POLA PEMASARAN KOPI PADA WILAYAH SENTRA PRODUKSI UTAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rosiana Nia
Published: November 2021

Adanya market power dalam saluran pemasaran kopi diduga berpengaruh terhadap pola pemasaran kopi disetiap wilayah sentra produksi kopi utama. Adapun  tujuan penelitian ini yaitu 1) menganalisis dinamika pola pemasaran kopi di lima sentra produksi kopi Indonesia dan 2) implikasi kebijakan yang dapat dilakukan dalam pengembangan pasar kopi guna meningkatkan ekonomi petani. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif yang didasarkan pada hasil survey lapang dan desk study di lima sentra produksi utama kopi Indonesia (Prov. Sumatera Selatan, Prov. Lampung, Prov. Sumatera Utara, Prov. Aceh, dan Prov. Jawa Timur). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa petani kopi di lima sentra produksi utama Indonesia menjual kopi dalam bentuk kopi asalan yang secara umum menjual ke pedagang pengumpul. Adanya kemudahan cash economy dan tidak ada perlakuan khusus untuk kopi yang dijual menjadi alasan utama petani menjual ke lembaga pemasaran tersebut. Perlunya penguatan kelembagaan (kemitraan) pada sistem pemasaran dalam upaya mengatasi keterbatasan informasi dan penentuan harga jual. Selain itu, perlunya pendampingan petani yang diarahkan pada proses sertifikasi yang berkelanjutan baik dari sisi produksi maupun ekonomi diantaranya peningkatan mutu greenbean dan kopi bubuk.
Zwischen Wissenschaft, Gesellschaft und Politik - 75 Jahre Schweizerische Akademie der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften
Authors: Gisler Monika
Published: November 2021

Die SAGW feiert ihr 75-jähriges Bestehen. So lange schon agiert sie im Schweizer Bildungs- und Forschungssystem als Vermittlerin zwischen Wissenschaft, Politik und Gesellschaft. Welche Rolle spielte sie in dieser Korrelation und wie veränderte sich ihr Auftrag über die Jahrzehnte? Wie und wo mischte sie sich ein, worauf reagierte sie und was erreichte sie? In dieser Schrift geht es um das Wirken der Akademie, verbunden mit der Frage, wann sie als Akteurin auftrat und wann sie wissenschaftspolitisch von aussen bestimmt wurde. Es sollen Kontroversen zur Sprache kommen und Erfolge gewürdigt werden, vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Dachgesellschaft die Interessen eines vielfältigen Feldes wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen und Fachgesellschaften zu vertreten hatte. Die Geschichte der SAGW wird nachgezeichnet als Spannungsfeld von Auseinandersetzungen und sich wandelnden Bedingungen, auf die die Akademie reagieren und sich dabei immer wieder neu (er)finden musste.
Comparative Study of Phenolic Compound Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Fruits Peel and Cladodes from Tunisian Opuntia Stricta
Authors:   University Of Gabes, Zourgui Lazhar
Published: November 2021

Similarly, the bacterial strains tested were most sensitive to fruit peels than especially against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zones (DIZ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 15.22±2.14 mm, 4.68 mg/mL and 37.5 mg/mL respectively. However, aqueous extract of cladodes have high antifongical activity particularly against Fusarium oxysporum with DIZ (20±0.2 mm), MIC (4.68mg/mL) and MFC (75 mg/mL) value
El fandango jarocho y el Movimiento Jaranero: un recorrido histórico/ The Fandango Jarocho and the Jaranero Movement: a Historical Review
Authors: Velazquez Mabarak Sonderegger Melba Ali
Published: November 2021

El fandango jarocho es un evento festivo comunitario con música y baile, producto del mestizaje, cuya tradición hunde sus raíces en la época colonial. Durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, el fandango jarocho atravesó un punto crítico en la continuidad de su práctica, por lo que, a partir de la década de los ochenta, surge un colectivo interesado en su investigación, revitalización y difusión, denominado Movimiento Jaranero. En estas páginas se realiza un recorrido histórico sobre el proceso de salvaguarda del fandango jarocho iniciado por el Movimiento Jaranero, entendido como una articulación socioestatal que buscó garantizar una generación de relevo y la pervivencia del fandango. Como resultado de la tensión entre pasado y presente, actualmente el fandango y el son jarocho –el género musical que le hace parte– se manifiestan en diversas esferas y con variaciones que alcanzan incluso la fusión con otros géneros musicales.
Feeding of high-productive cows with protected plant fats
Authors: Головин А.В.
Published: November 2021

С целью изучения эффективности использования сухих защищённых растительных жиров, приготовленных по различным технологиям (Ultra Feed F – гидрогенизированный жир и Extra Feed F – фракционированный жир (Россия)), в кормлении высокопродуктивных молочных коров был проведён научно-хозяйственный опыт в экспериментальном хозяйстве «Клёново-Чегодаево» (Москва). В эксперименте, проведённом на трёх группах коров голштинизированной чёрно-пёстрой породы, с удоем 7000 кг молока за лактацию, по 10 голов в каждой, установлено, что повышение концентрации обменной энергии в сухом веществе рациона кормления коров с 10,7 до 11,0 МДж/кг в период с 21-го по 120-й день лактации, за счёт включения в состав рациона коров опытных групп исследуемых защищённых жиров в количестве 300 г/гол/сутки, способствовало увеличению удоя молока 4% жирности за 100 дней опыта на 9,7 и 11,0% по сравнению с контролем, а продукции молочного жира и белка — соответственно на 9,6–11,0% и 7,4–8,3%, затраты кормов, выраженные в ОЭ, снизились на 4,9–5,2%. При этом сервис-период, который составил 138,2 дней в контрольной группе, в опытных группах сократился соответственно до 121,4 и 126,5 дней. Экономические расчёты показали, что себестоимость 0,1 т молока базисной жирности у коров опытных групп снизилась на 12,1–19,6 руб., или на 0,6–0,9%, по сравнению с контролем, при одновременном получении дополнительной прибыли в обеих опытных группах в размере 2063,6–2588,3 руб. на голову.

The experiment was carried out at the Research Farm “Klenovo-Chegodaevo” (Moscow). The aim was to analyze the effectiveness of dry protected plant fats in dairy cow feeding. The fats were prepared using different technologies (Ultra Feed F – hydrogenated fat and Extra Feed F – fractionated fat (Russia). The experiment included three groups of Holstein black-and-white cows producing 7000 kg of milk per lactation. Each group consisted of 10 heads. Feeding cows with 300 g of protected fats daily increased exchange energy concentration in dry matter from 10.7 to 11.0 MJ/kg from the 21st to 120th day of lactation leading to the increase of 4% milk yield by 9.7 and 11.0% as well as milk fat and protein — by 9.6–11.0% and 7.4–8.3%, respectively. Forage consumption expressed as exchange energy dropped by 4.9–5.2%. Service period decreased from 138.2 days to 121.4 and 126.5 days. Economic efficiency of 0.1 t of 4% milk reduced by 12.1–19.6 rubles, or 0.6–0.9%. Both experimental groups provided the additional profit of 2063.6–2588.3 rubles per head.
INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS SPECIES OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSING OF TREPANG ON THE CONTENT OF TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDES AND SELENIUM IN WASTE OF ITS PROCESSING
Authors: ЧЕПКАСОВА А.И. , АЮШИН Н.Б. , СЛУЦКАЯ Т.Н. , КОВЕКОВДОВА Л.Т.
Published: November 2021

Исследована возможность использования непищевых отходов разделки трепанга дальневосточного в качестве сырья для производства БАД на основе селена и гликозидов. В качестве объектов исследования использовали отходы переработки Apostichopus japonicus: прианальные участки и венчики с щупальцами и варочные воды. Исследовано содержание селена и гликозидов в трепанге и отходах его разделки, а также содержание и распределение селена и гликозидов при гидротермической и ферментативной обработке трепанга и отходов его разделки. Установлено, что содержание селена в трепанге и отходах составляет 9,0 и 11,5 мкг/г соответственно. Увеличение кратности варки до трех приводит к накоплению селена в варочной воде из трепанга до 30,5 мкг/г, а из отходов – до 107,5 мкг/г. Показано, что при варке трепанга гликозиды высвобождаются активнее. Содержание гликозидов в трехкратной варочной воде из трепанга составляет 162, а из отходов трепанга – 112 мг на 1 г сухого веса. Обоснована суточная дозировка БАД, разработанных по предлагаемым технологическим приемам. Показана возможность использования непищевых отходов, полученных при переработке трепанга, в качестве сырья для производства БАД как источника минорных биологически активных компонентов – селена и гликозидов.

The purpose of the study: assessment of the possibility of using non-food waste from cutting trepang as a raw material for the production of biologically active food additives based on the determination of the content and ratio of selenium and glycosides. As objects of the study, the Far Eastern trepang (Apostichopus japonicus), waste from its processing: prianal areas and corollas with tentacles and cooking water were used. The content of selenium and glycosides in trepang and waste from its cutting, as well as the content and distribution of selenium and glycosides during hydrothermal and enzymatic treatment of trepang and waste from its cutting, are studied. It was found that the content of selenium in trepang and wastes is 9,0 and 11,5 мg/g, respectively. An increase in the cooking rate to three leads to the accumulation of selenium in cooking water from trepang to 30,5 мg/g, and from waste to 107,5 мg/g. It is shown that glycosides are more actively released when trepang cooking, in comparison with waste. The content of glycosides in triple cooking water from trepang is 162 mg, and from the waste – 112 mg per one gram of dry weight. The daily dosage for dietary supplements developed based on the proposed technological methods is substantiated. The possibility of using non-food wastes obtained during trepang processing as a raw material for the production of biologically active food additives as a source of minor biologically active components – selenium and glycosides is shown.
RESEARCH OF FLOUR BIOEFFICIENCY FROM TUBERS OF CHUF IN EXPERIMENT IN VIVO
Authors: ЖАРКОВА И.М. , ГРЕБЕНЩИКОВ А.В. , ГУСТИНОВИЧ В.Г. , САМОХВАЛОВ А.А. , КОРЯЧКИНА С.Я.
Published: November 2021

Исследована в условиях in vivo биоэффективность муки из клубней чуфы, выращенной в России (Воронежская область) и в Испании, методом разрушающего воздействия на тест-культуру Paramecium caudatum. В качестве повреждающего фактора применен 10%-й раствор натрия хлорида (NaCl). Анализ полученных данных показал, что защитное воздействие компонентов муки из клубней испанской чуфы проявилось при меньшей ее концентрации в субстрате по сравнению с мукой из клубней воронежской чуфы. Установлено, что при внесении 0,1 см3 гипертонического раствора NaCl время жизни протист, инкубированных в среде, содержащей муку из клубней испанской и воронежской чуфы, в 1,3–1,6 и 1,2–1,5 раза больше соответственно, а при внесении 0,3 см3раствора NaCl в 15,5–23,5 и 11,0–17,0 раз больше соответственно по сравнению с интактной культурой инфузорий. Выявлена обратная зависимость времени жизни инфузорий от содержания NaCl в исследованной культуре. Обозначена биологическая эффективность муки из клубней чуфы, обусловленная наличием в ее составе разнообразных биологически активных веществ, в частности ПНЖК, витамина Е, кальция, цинка, селена. Подтверждением служат результаты модельного опыта, в ходе которого проанализировано влияние на тест-культуру изолята соевого белка, пшеничных отрубей, α-токоферола ацетата, лактата кальция и рафинированного масла подсолнечника.

Biological efficiency of flour from tubers of chufa grown in Russia (Voronezh region) and Spain was investigated in vivo by the method of destructive action of test culture Paramecium caudatum. As a damaging factor, a 10% sodium chloride solution (NaCl) is applied. The protective effect of the components of flour from the tubers of the Spanish chufa was manifested at its lower concentration in the substance compared to the flour from the tubers of the Voronezh chufa. It is established that at introduction of 0,1 cm3 of hypertensive NaCl solution life time a protists incubated in the environment containing flour from tubers of the Spanish and Voronezh chufa in 1,3–1,6 and 1,2–1,5 times it is more respectively, and at introduction of 0,3 cm3 of NaCl solution in 15,5–23,5 and 11,0–17,0 times more respectively in comparison with the intact culture of infusorians. The inverse dependence of the lifetime of infusorians on the content of NaCl in the studied culture was revealed. It was found that the biological effectiveness of flour from the tubers of chufa is due to the presence in its composition of a variety of biologically active substances: polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, calcium, zinc, selenium. The results of the model experience confirmed the influence of soy protein isolate, wheat bran, б-tocopherol acetate, calcium lactate and refined sunflower oil on the test culture.
Bot to the Rescue? Effects of a Fully Automated Conversational Agent on Anxiety and Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, SM Gutu , A Cosmoiu ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, D Cojocaru ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, D Turturescu ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, CM Popoviciu ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania, C Giosan ,   Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Romania
Published: November 2021

Web-based conversational agents powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and rooted in cognitive-behavioral therapy have been proven efficacious in alleviating the symptoms of anxiety and depression, when compared to passive controls. However, the benefits of a fully automated agent vs. active controls have not yet been examined. Furthermore, the potential impact of such interventions on the transdiagnostic factors underlying anxiety and depression is not known. To elucidate this, 95 adults were randomized to receive (1) a 2-week intervention with an AI-powered chatbot (Woebot) (n=39) or (2) regular psychoeducational materials (n=54). In completers’ analyses, significant main effects of time were obtained for one of the primary outcomes, anxiety, and for the secondary outcomes, transdiagnostic factors, with both groups showing decreased anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty and increased rumination, selfcompassion, guilt and shame. No group by time interaction effects were found for either of the primary outcomes, depression and anxiety, or for the secondary outcomes. Intent-to-Treat analyses also revealed no significant effects of group on the primary or secondary outcomes. Our findings point to the necessity of further research to better understand the areas where chatbots might bring benefits superior to those obtained through simple and inexpensive strategies.
Evaluation of Efficacy and Determining Various Factors Associated with the Effective Use of Vitamin-K Antagonist Therapy in the Indian Population
Authors:   Pharm D, Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka, India, S Darisi , T Ahmed ,   Consultant Cardiologist, Bangalore Baptist Hospital, Karnataka, India, J George ,   Assistant Professor, Karnataka College of Pharmacy, Karnataka, India, B Ramaiah ,   HOD of Pharmacy Practice, Karnataka College of Pharmacy, Karnataka, India
Published: November 2021

Aim: To assess the efficacy of Vitamin K antagonist to maintain stable INR in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: All the patients who are on Vitamin K antagonists therapy for more than 6 months before the initiation of the study were included. Data, which include demographics, Personal history, medical history, medication history, Dietary habits, laboratory data (INR), and other relevant data, are collected. The laboratory results are further evaluated using the Rosendaal method and Time in Therapeutic Range, which was obtained which is evaluated, for assessing the use of medication, and other correlations were further made. Results and Discussion: The study showed a mean TTR of 25.638%, the mean TTR above and below the therapeutic range is 19.23% (±17.14), 55.11% (±29.64) respectively, this represents that the patients in the sample population are at higher risk of developing a new clot during the therapy with VKA, various chronic conditions such as Diabetes mellitus, the use of NSAIDs, PPI also showed a statistically significant difference on the patients TTR. Conclusion: Despite patients being therapeutically anticoagulated, based on the available data, many patients in the study population are at high risk of developing complications of anticoagulants and also the development of new clots even during the treatment, there are not many reports of TTR measurement in INDIAN population, The use of Vitamin K Antagonist comes with many limitations, many Newer Oral Anticoagulants (NOAC) can be used in patients as they are proven to be providing better control of TTR.
New Evidence on BEST1 Genetic Variant Identified in a Patient with Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy Phenotype
Authors:   Retinal Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, R Falah , LN Distefano ,   Retinal Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, A Abuli-Vidal ,   Genetic Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, J Garcia Arumi ,   Retinal Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, A Boixadera ,   Retinal Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
Published: November 2021

Best Disease (BD), also known as Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy (BVMD), represents an inherited autosomal dominant macular dystrophy with a juvenile age of onset [1]. It is a phenotypically heterogeneous, bilateral condition that affects the retina and Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) caused by pathogenic variants in the BEST1 gene located on chromosome 11q12-13 [2,3]. Typical fundus findings in BD are egg yolk-like, round or oval, lesions seen in the macula, and affected eyes may demonstrate various clinical stages, ranging from the previtelliform stage to Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) [4]. The macular appearance in all stages is deceptive, as most patients maintain relatively good visual acuity throughout the course of the disease. Patients commonly experience visual compromise in early adulthood, although the age of onset can range from childhood to late adulthood [3] and most patients with BD maintain good vision in at least one eye. The presence of subretinal fluid or CNV has been associated with a poorer visual prognosis [4]. In this case report, we describe a patient with clinical features suggestive of Best disease. We discuss the differential diagnosis and we present the multimodal imaging of the retina used for both the diagnosis and follow up. We also report a genetic study that demonstrates more evidence on a novel genetic variant in the BEST1 gene. The same genetic mutation has been recently reported as a novel variant in a single patient with BVMD [5].
Polymerase-mediated synthesis of artificial RNA-DNA metal base pairs
Authors: Levi-Acobas Fabienne , McKenzie Luke , Hollenstein Marcel
Published: November 2021

Metal-mediated base pairs are formed by the connection of two nucleobases via coordination to a metal cation. The resulting metal-containing duplexes have been used in a large variety of applications ranging from allosteric control of functional nucleic acids to the construction of nanowires. Recently, enzymatic approaches are being developed for the construction of metal-mediated base pairs. Here, we have studied the possibility of constructing HgII- and AgI-mediated DNA/RNA hetero base pairs using primer extension reactions. The high kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities of metal base pairs can be harnessed to trigger the formation of multiple rU-HgII-dT base pairs.
Replacing Chemical Intuition by Machine Learning: a Mixed Design of Experiments - Reinforcement Learning Approach to the Construction of Training Sets for Model Hamiltonians
Authors: Staub Ruben , Steinmann Stephan
Published: November 2021

Model Hamiltonians based on the so-called cluster expansion (CE), which consist of a linear fit of parameters corresponding to geometric patterns, provide an efficient and rigorous means to quickly evaluate the energy of diverse arrangements of adsorbate mixtures on reactive surfaces as typically relevant for heterogeneous catalysis. However, establishing the model Hamiltonian is a tedious task, requiring the construction and optimization of many geometries. Today, most of these geometries are constructed by hand, based on chemical intuition or random choices. Hence, the quality of the training set is unlikely to be optimal and its construction is not reproducible. Herein, we propose a reformulation of the construction of the training set as a strategy-based game, aiming at an efficient exploration of the relevant patterns constituting the model Hamiltonian. Based on this reformulation, we exploit a typical active learning solution for machine-learning such a strategy game: an upper confidence tree (UCT) based framework. However, in contrast to standard games, evaluating the true score is computationally expensive, as it requires a costly geometry optimization. Hence, we augment the UCT with a pre-exploration step inspired by the variance-based Design of Experiments (DoE) methods. This novel mixed UCT+DoE framework allows to automatically construct a well adapted training set, minimizing computational cost and user-intervention. As a proof of principle, we apply our UCT+DoE approach on the CO oxidation reaction on Pd(111), for which a relevant model Hamiltonian has been established previously. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the custom built UCT and its significant benefits on a DoE-based approach.
Eu- and Tb-adsorbed Si3N4 and Ge3N4: Tuning the colours with one luminescent host
Authors: Braun Cordula , Mereacre Liuda , Chen Zheng , Slabon Adam , Vincent David , Rocquefelte Xavier , Halet Jean-Francois
Published: November 2021

Phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs) are emerging as an indispensable solid-state light source for the next generation lighting industry and display systems due to their unique properties. Nitrides with their wide-ranging applicability due to their intriguing structural diversity, their auspicious chemical and physical properties represent an essential component in industrial and materials applications. Here, we present the successful adsorption of Eu and Tb at the grain boundaries of bulk β-Si3N4 and β-Ge3N4 by a succeeding combustion synthesis. The adsorption of europium and terbium and the synergic combination of both resulted in intriguing luminescence properties of all compounds (red, green, orange and yellow). Especially the fact that one host can deliver different colours renders Eu,Tb-β-M3N4 (M= Si, Ge) as prospective chief components for future light emitting diodes (LEDs). For the elucidation of the RE adsorption on the electronic properties of β-Si3N4 and β-Ge3N4, Mott-Schottky (MS) measurements were conducted for the bare and RE adsorbed samples. Further insight on the electronic structure of β-Si3N4 and β-Ge3N4 were obtained via density functional theory (DFT) computations.
Novel Pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine Antagonists with Nanomolar affinity for A1 / A3 Adenosine Receptors: Binding Kinetics and Exploration of their Binding Profile Using Mutagenesis Experiments, MD simulations and TI/MD calculations
Authors: Stampelou Margarita , Suchankova Anna , Tzortzini Eva , Dhingra Lakshiv , Barkan Kerry , Lougiakis Nikolaos , Marakos Panagiotis , Pouli Nikole , Ladds Graham , Kolocouris Antonios
Published: November 2021

Drugs targeting the four adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes can provide “soft" treatment of various significant diseases. Even for the two experimentally resolved AR subtypes the description of the orthosteric binding area and structure-activity relationships of ligands remains a demanding task due to the high similar amino acids sequence but also the broadness and flexibility of the ARs binding area. The identification of new pharmacophoric moieties and nanomolar leads and the exploration of their binding area with mutagenesis and state-of-the-art computational methods useful also for drug design purposes remains a challenging aim for all ARs. Here, we identified several low nanomolar ligands and potent competitive antagonists against A1R / A3R, containing the novel pyrazolo[3,4-c]pyridine pharmacophore for ARs, from a screen of an in-house library of only 52 compounds, originally designed for anti-proliferative activity. We identified L2-L10, A15, A17 with 3-aryl, 7-anilino and a electronegative group at 5-position as low micromolar to low nanomolar A1R / A3R antagonists. A17 has for A1R Kd = 5.62 nM and a residence time (RT) 41.33 min and for A3R Kd = 13.5 nM, RT = 47.23 min. The kinetic data showed that compared to the not potent or mediocre congeners the active compounds have similar association, for example at A1R Kon = 13.97 x106 M-1 (A17) vs Kon = 3.36 x106 M-1 (A26) but much lower dissociation rate Koff = 0.024 min-1 (A17) vs 0.134 min-1 (A26). Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and mutagenesis experiments we investigated the binding site of A17 showing that it can interact with an array of residues in transmembrane helix 5 (TM5), TM6, TM7 of A1R or A3R including residues E5.30, E5.28, T7.35 in A1R instead of Q5.28, V5.30 , L7.35 in A3R. A striking observation for drug design purposes is that for L2506.51A the binding affinity of A17 significantly increased at A1R. A17 provides a lead representative of a promising series and by means of the Thermodynamics Integration coupled with MD simulations (TI/MD) method, first applied here on whole GPCR- membrane system and showing a very good agreement between calculated and experimental relative binding free energies for A1R and A3R (spearman rank correlation p = 0.82 and 0.84, respectively), and kinetic experiments can lead to ligands with improved profile against ARs.