bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations – Australasian Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition Consensus update 2017
Authors: Bolisetty Srinivas , Osborn David , Schindler Tim , Sinn John , Deshpande Girish , Wong Chee Sing , Jacobs Susan , Phad Nilkant , Pharande Pramod , Tobiansky Rodney , Luig Melissa , Trivedi Amit , McIntosh Joanne , Jozsa Eszter , Opie Gillian , Downe Lyn , Anderson Chad , Bhatia Vineesh , Kumar Prasanna , Malinen Katri , Birch Pita , Simmer Karen , McLeod Gemma , Suzanne Quader , Rajadurai Victor Samuel , Hewson Michael , Nair Arun , Williams Megan , Xiao Jing , Ravindranathan Hari , Broadbent Roland , Lui Kei
Published: January 2020

Background: The first consensus standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations were implemented in many neonatal units in Australia in 2012. The current update involving 49 units from Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and India was conducted between September 2015 and December 2017 with the aim to review and update the 2012 formulations and guidelines. Methods: A systematic review of available evidence for each parenteral nutrient was undertaken and new standardised formulations and guidelines were developed. Results: Five existing preterm Amino acid-Dextrose formulations have been modified and two new concentrated Amino acid-Dextrose formulations added to optimise amino acid and nutrient intake according to gestation. Organic phosphate has replaced inorganic phosphate allowing for an increase in calcium and phosphate content, and acetate reduced. Lipid emulsions are unchanged, with both SMOFlipid (Fresenius Kabi, Australia) and ClinOleic (Baxter Healthcare, Australia) preparations included. The physicochemical compatibility and stability of all formulations have been tested and confirmed. Guidelines to standardise the parenteral nutrition clinical practice across facilities have also been developed. Conclusions: The 2017 PN formulations and guidelines developed by the 2017 Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition Consensus Group offer concise and practical instructions to clinicians on how to implement current and up-to-date evidence based PN to the NICU population.
Reanalysis of the patients who were diagnosed with hystero-epilepsy by Charcot
Authors: Komagamine Tomoko , Kokubun Norito , Hirata Koichi
Published: January 2020

Background: The term “hysteria” is now recognized to refer to non-organic and functional disorders. Jean-Martin Charcot once attempted to identify the lesions responsible for hysteria as an organic disorder in his later years, but his effort failed. He classified hysteria as usual and grand. Grand hysteria was also called hystero-epilepsy, which became obsolete after Charcot’s death and has been an enigma in modern neurology. After anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis was established in the twenty-first century, a paradigm shift emerged in the interpretation of acute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis demonstrate a characteristic multistage progression and stereotypical movements, including opisthotonic posture, which are analogous to the staging progressions and ‘ arc de cercle’ observed in Charcot’s hystero-epilepsy. Methods: To elucidate the full picture of Charcot’s hystero-epilepsy, we reviewed the patients presented in “the Tuesday Lessons”.Results: Eleven patients were shown to have hystero-epilepsy by Charcot himself. Of the 11 patients, 4 patients had acute-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms, and 2 patients had a condition that resembled anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Although the clinical courses were similar to those of anti-NMDAR encephalitis, we could not make conclusive diagnoses of anti-NMDAR encephalitis without examinations due to the lack of evidence of teratomas. One patient with alcohol withdrawal syndrome and one patient with chronic pain and morphine withdrawal syndrome were also classified as having hystero-epilepsy by Charcot. The other patients, who manifested chronic courses or varying hypnosis-induced neurological symptoms, could be diagnosed with conversion and dissociative disorders today.Conclusions: Charcot’s hystero-epilepsy has been suspected of being a syndrome encompassing conversion and dissociative disorders, drug withdrawal syndrome, and anti-NMDAR encephalitis-like manifestations. Charcot’s observations combined with the current progress in molecular biology suggest that a common dysfunctional basis exists, such as glutamate/NMDAR system dysfunction, among these conditions.
Anticoccidial effect of “Shi Ying Zi” Powder in chickens infected with Eimeria tenella
Authors: Song Xu , Li Yunhe , Chen Shufan , Jia Renyong , Huang Yongyuan , Yong Ting , Zou Yuanfeng , Li Lixia , Zhao Xinxin , Yin Zhongqiong
Published: January 2020

Background: Coccidiosis is one of the most economically important diseases affecting the poultry industry. Currently, anticoccidial drugs used in veterinary clinical showed many deficiencies, and new control measures are urgently needed. Many plant-derived drugs, such as herbal extracts, showed effects with less drug residues and resistance. Development of herbal medicine as the anticoccidial drug is one of the most prospective method for treating coccidiosis.Methods:“Shi Ying Zi” is the herbal powder that consisted of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand-Mazz and salt with the proportion of 55: 40: 5 (g/g/g). 200 1-day-old broiler chicks free of coccidiosis were equally divided into 10 groups: normal group, untreated group, 4 protective groups (positive control group and three “Shi Ying Zi” powder groups) and 4 therapeutical groups (positive control group and three “Shi Ying Zi” powder groups). At 11 th day of age, the chicks in the four protective groups were prophylactically supplemented with “Shi Ying Zi” powder at the doses of 5g/kg, 10g/kg and 15g/kg and monensin (100mg/kg), respectively. At 14 th day of age, chicks except those in blank group were inoculated with 2×10 4 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella . When the first hemorrhagic fecal was found, therapeutical drugs started administration. The low (5g/kg), medium (10g/kg) and high doses (15g/kg) of “Shi Ying Zi” powder were added into the diet, respectively. Sulfachloropyrazine sodium (positive control) was added into water (1g/L). The anti-coccidial index, biochemical parameters and tissue lesions were determined from 4 d post infection to 8 d post infection. Results: Supplement with “Shi Yin Zi” powder for 3d prior to infection or after infection could improve the survival rate and relative growth rate and alleviate the pathological changes in the cecum, liver and kidney. “Shi Yin Zi” powder could recover the contents of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, creatinine, albumin and triglycerides in serum. The hemorrhage and total number of oocysts in feces were reduced. The anti-coccidial index reaches to 165. The anti-coccidial effects were equal to positive controls (monensin and sulfamlopyrazine). Conclusions: “Shi Ying Zi” powder possesses potent anticoccidial effect and exhibits the potential to control E.tenella infection.
Analysis of the Influencing Factors of the Medical Service Capacity in Key Clinical Specialties at the County Level Based on TOPSIS
Authors: Wang Kaixuan , Guo Jin-Ling , Wang Wei , Zhao Shui-Chang , Li Miao-Jun , Wang Zhi-Long , Sun Ning , Bi Chun-Xiao , Ma Xin-Sheng
Published: January 2020

To acknowledge the medical service capacity of the first batch of county-level key clinical specialties in Henan province, analyze the influencing factors, and make targeted suggestions. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the medical service capacity comprehensively, and the influencing factors were analyzed by simple linear regression and multiple linear regression. In the multiple linear regression model, the basic conditions, including the total investment funds during the construction period, net usable area of beds and the ratio of bed to nurse, the quality of care—the compliance rate of major clinical diagnosis and pathological diagnosis, and the personnel training—the number of technical promotion trainees, of the first county-level clinical specialties, have a significant influence upon the medical service capacity; while, the actual number of beds, the ratio of doctors and nurses, the proportion of annual expert visits, the number of technical promotion training and sending of learners, percentage of drug expenditure and core journal articles have limited effect. On the basis of the ensured allocation of resources and capital investment, more attention should be paid to personnel training and appropriate technology promotion, and the medical care quality is supposed to be always insisted on, to promote the overall improvement of medical service capacity in county hospitals.
Medication adherence and Survival prospects among hospitalized heart failure patients in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Pallangyo Pedro , Millinga Jalack , Bhalia Smita , Mkojera Zabella , Misidai Nsajigwa , Swai Happiness J , Hemed Naairah R , Kaijage Alice , Janabi Mohamed
Published: January 2020

Objective : Management of heart failure is complex and multifaceted but adherence to medications remains the cornerstone of preventing avoidable readmissions, premature deaths, and unnecessary healthcare expenses. Despite of evidence-based efficacy on anti-failure drugs, poor adherence is pervasive and remains a significant barrier to improving clinical outcomes in heart failure population. Results : We enrolled 459 patients with established diagnosis of heart failure. The mean age was 46.4 years and participants aged ≤50 years constituted 55.4% of the cohort. There was a female predominance (56.5%), 67.5% resided in urban areas and 74.2% had primary education. Of the 419 participants eligible for assessment of medication adherence, 313 (74.7%) had poor adherence and 106 (25.3%) had good adherence. Possession of a health insurance was found to be the strongest associated factor for adherence (OR 8.7, 95% CI 4.7-16.0, P <0.001). Participants with poor adherence displayed a 70% increased risk for rehospitalization compared to their counterparts with good adherence (RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.9, p = 0.04). Poor adherence was found to be the strongest predictor of early mortality (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3-4.6, p<0.01). Poor medication adherence in patients with heart failure is associated with increased readmissions and mortality.
In vitro methodological standardization of MTT colorimetric assay for evaluation of formazan activity and drug dosage
Authors: Nepomuceno Leandro , Carvalho Luciana Silva de , Soares Nayane Peixoto , Cruz Vanessa de Sousa , Arnhold Emmanuel , Ferreira Jorge Luís , Araújo Eugênio Gonçalves de
Published: January 2020

Background Aiming to develop essential chemotherapeutic drugs to control various types of cancer, one of the primary tests is the tetrazolium reduction method. The present study aims to standardize the electromagnetic spectrum that best discriminates the absorbance and to evaluate the drug dosage of single and daily doses during the cell viability and toxicity analysis by the tetrazolium reduction method, using the ethanol extract of pequi peel in canine osteosarcoma cells. Results The wavelength of 532 nm showed the best results. We found that as the treatment time increased, the formazan conversion reduced. After 72 hours of treatment, we observed clear discrimination of dose-dependent data, with up to five discriminants within 72 hours with a change in absorbance from 0.554 to 0.064 A. The wavelength of 570 nm it was not ideal since we could not discern the difference in the spectral reflectance of the treatments and, therefore, show no statistical difference among treatments. We found no statistical difference for the coefficient of variation at wavelengths of 532 and 570nm, which were 12.77% and 8.80% respectively. Conclusions The wavelength of 532nm best discriminated the absorbance, as it presented better ability to congregate the treatment groups, greater variation between the discriminant and lower coefficient of variation, during the colorimetric test to evaluate the cellular metabolism. Moreover, the ethanol extract of pequi peel in canine osteosarcoma cells showed a statistically equal effect of a single dose administration to the dose reapplied every 24 hours.
Quantitative analysis of left atrial myocardial function and compliance in patients with pre-eclampsia
Authors: Sun Fei , Li Yong , Wang Wugang , Xu Lin , Zhao Min , Li Rong , He Xiangqin , Cong Juan
Published: January 2020

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a severe obstetric complication associated with many cardiovascular disorders. Left atrial (LA) function and its relevance to the cardiovascular adaptation changes associated with PE have not been adequately addressed. The aim of this study was to quantify LA myocardial deformation characteristics in women with PE using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: Using STE, LA global longitudinal strain (LAGLS), phasic LA strain values and LASr/(E/e'), which was the value of LA reservoir strain (LASr) divided by the quotient of early mitral flow velocity (E) and diastolic mitral ring velocity (e'), were compared among nonpregnant controls (n=39), normotensive pregnant women (n=40), and PE (n=43) patients. Results: LAGLS, LASr and LA conduit strain reduced in PE group in spite of no difference of LA contraction strain among the three groups. LASr/(E/e'), the surrogate of LA compliance, was decreased during PE pregnancy. The multivariate regression analyses showed LAGLS was independently correlated with LASr/(E/e'), left ventricular global longitudinal strain and LA maximum volume. Conclusion: PE cases undergo impaired LA myocardial function and decreased atrial compliance. STE-derived LA strain may be a powerful diagnostic parameter to evaluate diastolic function with the progression of PE pregnancy.
Endocardial radiofrequency septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy:two case reports
Authors: zhao ruohan , Xiong Feng , Wang Shuzhen , Liu Hanxiong , Luo Duan
Published: January 2020

Endocardial radiofrequency ablation of the septal hypertrophy (ERASH) is an alternative for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Radiofrequency ablation could lead to regional myocardial akinesia, so as to relieve the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient. We reported that two patients presented Left ventricular asymmetric hypertrophy in transthoracic echocardiography, and were diagnosed with HOCM. One had a gradient up to 210mmHg during the provocation. The other had a gradient of LVOT up to 108mmHg at rest. Both are symptomatic despite of the optimized medication. Due to the restriction of coronary anatomy, the patients lost the opportunity for the alcohol septal ablation (ASA). ERASH is programmed. The target site was determined by intracardial echocardiography and electroanatomic Carto-mapping system. ERASH caused the targeted myocardium hypokinesia precisely, aiming for interdicting mitral valve systolic anterior motion. 1-month follow-up showed a remarkable improvement of clinical state and a predominant reduction of LVOT gradient assessing by transthoracic echocardiography. ERASH comes up with a new solution for the patient who is not candidate for ventricular septal myectomy and ASA. Carto-mapping system and intracardiac echocardiography enable precise lesion placement and preservation of atrioventricular conduction.
A Scientometric Analysis of Neuroblastoma Research
Authors: Martynov Illya , Klima-Frysch Jessica , Schoenberger Joachim
Published: January 2020

Background: There are thousands of research articles in the field of neuroblastoma that have been published over the past few decades. However, the heterogeneity and variable quality of scholarly data may challenge scientists or clinicians to survey all published articles. However, holistic measuring and analyzing of neuroblastoma related literature by sophisticated mathematical methods can provide a unique opportunity to gain deep insights into the global research performance and collaborative architectonical structure within the neuroblastoma scientific community. In this scientometric study, we aim to determine the extent of the scientific output related to neuroblastoma research, focusing on the time period between 1980 and 2018. Methods: We apply novel scientometric tools, including Bibliometrix R package, biblioshiny, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace IV for comprehensive science mapping analysis of extensive bibliographic metadata which was retrieved from the Web of ScienceTM Core Collection database. Results: We demonstrate the enormous proliferation of neuroblastoma research during last the 38 years, including 12,435 documents published in 1,828 academic journals by 36,908 authors from 86 different countries. We determine the proportion of highly cited and never cited papers, “occasional” and “core” authors and journals. We identify the six most important clusters of authors and their interactions. Further, we show 10 (11.6%) of 86 countries were responsible for the three quarters of NB-related research output. Conclusions: These findings are crucial for researchers, clinicians, journal editors, and consortiums working in neuroblastoma area to understand the strengths and potential gaps in neuroblastoma research and to plan future investments in data collection and science policy. This first scientometric study of global neuroblastoma research performance provides valuable insight into the scientific landscape, co-authorship network architecture, international collaboration, and interaction within the neuroblastoma community.
New nomograms based on treatment outcome and prognostic factors for patients with spinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A population‐based study
Authors: Wang Ben , Chen Lijie , Chen Boda , Xie Chenglong , Shao Zhenxuan , Zhang Xiaolei , Chen Jiaoxiang , Wang Xiangyang
Published: January 2020

Background: Spinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was a rare and malignant tumor, while few studies researched the prognostic factors. The prognostic factors which might have impacts on spinal DLBCL was not clear. Although chemotherapy was recognized as an optimal treatment method, but the curative effect of radiotherapy and surgery were controversial.
Methods: The records of patients with spinal DLBCL were selected from the SEER database from 1991 to 2016. The incidence obtained by database was analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program. The optimal cut-off values of age and year of diagnosis were identified by X-tail program. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were calculated to identify independent prognostic factors. Prognostic factors were included to predict the survival possibility compared with 5 years of overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) via the new nomograms.
Results: A total of 917 patients were enrolled. Age, year of diagnosis and chemotherapy were demonstrated as independent prognostic factors for CSS and OS, and primary site was another independent prognostic factor for CSS. However, radiotherapy and surgery might be ineffective in survival. All factors were included to generate the nomograms for CSS and OS. The concordance indices (C-index) for internal validation of OS and CSS prediction were 0.697 (95%CI: 0.662-0.732) and 0.709 (95%CI: 0.692- 0.727) respectively.
Conclusions: Age and year of diagnosis are closely associated with the prognosis of spinal DLBCL, and chemotherapy is an ideal treatment modality. The new nomogram is a favourable tool to evaluate the survival possibility, and is benefit for the oncologist to make clinical decisions.
The dose - response association between fluid overload and hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Wang Meiping , Zhu Bo , Jiang Li , Wen Ying , Du Bin , Li Wen , Liu Guangxu , Li Wei , Wen Jing , He Yan , Xi Xiuming
Published: January 2020

Background Fluid management is important for ensuring hemodynamic stability in critically ill patients but easily leads to fluid overload. However, the optimal fluid balance plot or range for critically ill patients is unknown. This study aimed to explore the dose-response relationship between fluid overload (FO) and hospital mortality in critically ill patients.Methods Data were derived from the China Critical Care Sepsis Trial (CCCST). Patients with sequential fluid data for the first 3 days of admission to the ICU were included. FO was expressed as the ratio of the cumulative fluid balance (L) and initial body weight (kg) at ICU admission as a percentage. Maximum fluid overload (MFO) was defined as the peak FO value during the first 3 days of ICU admission. We used logistic regression models with restricted cubic splines to assess the relationship between MFO and the risk of hospital mortality.ResultsIn total, 3850 patients were included, 929 (24.1%) of whom died in hospital. For each 1% L/kg increase in the FO, the risk of hospital mortality increased by 4% (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.05, P < 0.001). FO greater than 10% was associated with a 44% increased HR of hospital mortality compared with FO less than 5% (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.27 - 1.67). Notably, we also found a non-linear dose-response association between MFO and hospital mortality.Conclusions Both higher and lower fluid balance were associated with an increased risk of hospital mortality. Further studies should explore this relationship and seek for the optimal fluid management strategies for critically ill patients.
Interrelated factors of tracheostomy in critically ill pediatric patients during their stay at ICU or PICU in Japan: a data-based analysis
Authors: Ishihara Tadashi , Tanaka Hiroshi
Published: January 2020

Background The most common current indications of pediatric tracheostomy include prolonged ventilator dependence, often resulting from the consequences of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysfunction, and upper airway obstruction resulting either from craniofacial or structural abnormalities of the upper airway or from hypotonia stemming from neurological or neuromuscular disturbance. The purpose of this study was to describe the indications, epidemiology, frequency, and associated factors for tracheostomy in critical pediatric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) by using the large amount of data available in the Japanese Registry of Pediatric Acute Care (JaRPAC). Methods In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, we collected data concerning pediatric tracheostomy from the JaRPAC database involving patients aged ≤ 16 years who had no tracheostomy when admitted to ICU or PICU between April 2014 and March 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: those with tracheostomies when they were discharged from the ICU or PICU and patients without tracheostomies. Interrelated factors of tracheostomy were investigated. Results A total of 23 hospitals participated, involving 6,199 pediatric patients registered in the JaRPAC database during the study period. Of the registered pediatric patients, 5,769 (95%) patients were admitted to the ICU or PICU without tracheostomies. Among the patients, 181 patients (3.1%) had undergone tracheostomies. There were significant differences in the number of chronic conditions (134, 74.0% versus 3096, 55.4%, p < 0.01), chromosomal anomalies (19, 10.5% versus 326, 5.8%, p < 0.01), urgent admission (151, 83.4% versus 3093, 55.4%, p < 0.01). More tracheostomies were performed on patients who were admitted for respiratory failure (61, 33.7% versus 926, 16.1%, p < 0.01) and for post-CPA resuscitation (40, 22.1% versus 71, 1.1%, p < 0.01). Conclusions This is the first report to use a large-scale registry of critically ill pediatric patients in Japan to describe the interrelated factors of tracheostomies during their stay in ICUs or PICUs. Chronic conditions (especially for neuromuscular disease), chromosomal anomaly, urgent admission, admission due to respiratory failure, or treatment for post-CPA resuscitation all had the possibility to be risk factors for tracheostomy.
Community Engagement Approaches for Indigenous Health Research: an Integrative Review
Authors: Lin Chu Yang , Loyola-Sanchez Adalberto , Boyling Elaine , Barnabe Cheryl
Published: January 2020

Background Community engagement practices in Indigenous Health research are promoted as a means of decolonizing research, but there is no comprehensive synthesis of approaches in the literature. Our aim was to assemble and qualitatively synthesize a comprehensive list of actionable recommendations to enhance community engagement practices with Indigenous Peoples.MethodsWe performed an integrative review of literature in medical (Medline, CINAHL and Embase), as well as Google and World Health Organization databases (search cutoff date November 17, 2018). Studies that contained details regarding Indigenous community engagement frameworks, principles or practices in the field of health were included, with exclusion of non-English publications. Two reviewers independently screened the articles in duplicate and reviewed full text articles. Recommendations for community engagement approaches were extracted and thematically synthesized through content analysis.Results A total of 52 studies were included in the review, with 1268 individual recommendations extracted. These were synthesized into a list of 37 recommendations for community engagement approaches in Indigenous health research, categorized by stage of research. In addition, activities applicable to all phases of research were identified: partnership and trust building, and active reflection.Conclusions We provide a comprehensive list of recommendations for Indigenous community engagement approaches in health research. A limitation of this review is that it may not address all aspects applicable to specific Indigenous community settings and contexts. We encourage anyone who does research with Indigenous communities to reflect upon their practices, encouraging changes in research processes that are strengths-based.
Socioeconomic Inequalities and Sleep duration; Evidence from a large Kurdish Cohort Study in Iran
Authors: Abdollahpour Ibrahim , Shushtari Zahra Jorjoran , Najafi Farid , Pasdar Yahya , Moradinazar Mehdi , Hamzeh Behrooz , sajjadipour Mansour , Salimi Yahya
Published: January 2020

Background Sleep as an essential physiological need plays an important role in the human health. The aim of this study was to examine socioeconomic inequality in sleep duration among Kurdish people in Western of Iran.Methods The study used data of 10058 participants which from Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study which recruited a sample of Kurdish adults in Kermanshah, west of Iran. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) as well as the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) with 95% confidence intervals was calculated to determine socioeconomic inequality in sleep duration.Results There was 0.64 (95% CI: 0.55, 0.74) hour difference in the mean of sleep duration in favor of the rich group. Moreover, the mean of sleep duration in the people with lowest socioeconomic status quintile was 5% lower than those in the highest socioeconomic status quintile (RII= 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93, 0.96). For all analyses, observed inequalities were nearly equal by gender.Conclusion Our results demonstrated an important role for inequality in differential sleep duration in an Iranian Kurdish population. Improving the socioeconomic status of the general population especially people with low socioeconomic status may be useful in tackling the observed sleep issues.
Osteogenic Effects of IL-12 on Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Facilitates Its Irradiation Hematopoiesis Recovery
Authors: Li Fengjie , Zhang Rong , Hu Changpeng , Ran Qian , Chen Li , Xiang Yang , Xiang Lixin , Yang Yang , Zhang Gang , Li Zhongjun
Published: January 2020

Background Impaired osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) results inefficient physical supporting of hematopoietic niche and further counts against hematopoiesis recovery in radiotherapy. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) holds facilitations on acute irradiation hematopoietic recovery, but the mechanisms remain to be clarifiedAim To investigated the osteogenic effects of IL-12 on BM-MSCs and the relationship between IL-12’s osteogenic effects of BM-MSCs and its hematopoietic supportive role.Methold The osteogenic effects of IL-12 in vivo were investigated by estimating the osteoblasts in femurs of Balb/c mice after 5 Gy 60 Co-γ irradiation, and the osteogenic effects of IL-12 in vitro were investigated by analyzing the osteogentic genes and calcium mineral deposits formations in BM-MSCs after 9 Gy 60 Co-γirradaition at different times of co-culturing with IL-12 in osteogenic induction medium. For the latter, the special siRNA of IL-12 receptor 1 (IL-12Rβ1), tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) and the inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3) were used to explore the possible mechanism. The bone marrow hematopoietic supportive role of cells co-cultured with IL-12 were also investigated by analyzing the clone-forming of hematopoietic progenitor/ stem cells (HSPCs).Results Interleukin-12 (IL-12) holds facilitaties on acute irradiation-induced hematopoietic and osteogenesis damages in Balb/c mice. IL-12 also promoted osteogenesis differentiation of irradiated BM-MSCs, and for that, especially during early period after irradiation, the IL-12 receptor 1 (IL-12Rβ1)/ tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2)/ signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3) signaling played a crucial role. That was reflected by obvious synchronicity between the upregulation time of IL-12Rβ1 and the time of the better IL-12 induced osteogenesis of BM-MSCs. The more osteogenic genes expressions and more calcium mineral deposits formations in BM-MSCs were obtained in cells co-cultured with IL-12 within 1 hour after irradiation; Beside that IL-12 increased the phosphotyrosine of STAT 3 (p-STAT3) which along with IL-12 induced osteogenesis promotions were abrogated by using IL-12Rβ1 and Tyk2 silencing RNA (siRNA) or inhibitor of STAT3. Further, the clone-forming of hematopoietic progenitor/ stem cells (HSPCs) showed much better in IL-12-BM-MSCs transplanted femurs of irradiated mice than that of BM-MSCs, even cells were co-cultured with IL-12 for only 24 hours.Conclusion IL-12 may assist hematopoiesis recovery through its early osteogenic differentiation promotion of BM-MSCs after irradiation, which suggested potential therapeutic targets of bone marrow hematopoietic damages after radiotherapy.
Nursing students’ and preceptors’ experiences with a structure for feedback and reflection in supervision and learning in clinical practice ‒ a pilot study with a qualitative exploratory and descriptive design.
Authors: Plathe Hilde Syvertsen , Solheim Elisabeth , Eide Hilde
Published: January 2020

Background: There is a need to improve students’ learning in clinical practice. Undergraduate students may need help transferring knowledge from reflection and feedback in simulation to clinical practice in community health service. Students and preceptors may need to improve feedback and reflection in supervising. Method. The study was a pilot with a qualitative exploratory descriptive research design. It’s aim was to explore students’ and preceptors’ experiences with a structured tool for reflection and feedback during supervision of clinical skills in practice. Four students in their first year of a bachelor’s programme in nursing and four preceptors participated. Data were collected from eight clinical skills performances, audiotaped debriefings, and open-ended questionnaires. Data were analysed by content analysis. Result: The data revealed that participants experienced four categories: “open and honest in debriefing,” “reflections on personal learning,” “reflection on the situation,” and “feedback.” Participants’ experiences supported structure in feedback and reflection. Participants’ experiences of common meaning of concepts supported structure in feedback and reflection. Conclusions : The students and preceptors experienced the clinical tool as an effective supplement to the supervision and learning of clinical skills.
Importance of pediatric rheumatologists and transitional care for juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis: A retrospective series of 9 cases.
Authors: Yamazaki Susumu , Shimbo Asami , Akutsu Yuko , Takase Horoshi , Morio Tomohiro , Mori Masaaki
Published: January 2020

Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIA-U) is a serious condition associated with the risk of blindness. However, pediatric rheumatologists rarely encounter cases of blindness, because most patients reach adulthood during the course of follow-up before blindness occurs. Here, we report the progress of 9 patients with JIA-U, including 2 patients who became blind after the transition period. We aimed to highlight the importance of the role of pediatric rheumatologists and transitional care in preventing blindness associated with JIA-U. Case presentation: We conducted a retrospective analysis of the case records of 9 JIA-U patients (1 male, 8 female; median age 16.8 years, range 5.5–19.8 years). All patients presented with oligo-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oligo-JIA) (one presented with extended oligo-JIA); the median age of uveitis onset was 5.0 years (range 3.0–13.0 years), and the onset of uveitis preceded the onset of arthritis in 2 patients. The median disease duration was 12.5 years (range 3.5–24.7 years); 4 patients had anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) positivity (≧1:160) (all with a homogeneous and speckled-pattern subtype). All patients were negative for rheumatoid factor. Eight patients received methotrexate, 7 patients received one or more biologic drugs (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, and golimumab), and 6 patients required ophthalmic surgery at an early age (≦ 18 years). Two patients developed blindness after the transition period. Medical examination by pediatric rheumatologists and use of biologics had been delayed in both patients. One patient developed depression after transition and interrupted her own treatment. Conclusions: The reason for blindness in the 2 patients was thought to be the delay in the commencement of treatment and failure to provide transitional care. Inflammation is difficult to control in JIA-U even with appropriate treatment. Pediatric rheumatologists must be informed about the risk of JIA-U blindness, especially after transition. To ensure a good prognosis, the specialized treatment with the involvement of pediatric rheumatologists is necessary early on, and consideration for transitional medicine is essential. Therefore, this report reaffirms the importance of planned transitional care that has been advocated for globally.
Secondary Consequences of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Youth with Knee Joint Involvement Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Nesbitt Colleen , Kuntze Gregor , Toomey Clodagh , Esau Shane , Brooks Julia , Mosher Dianne , Twilt Marinka , Johns Carolyn , Palacios-Derflingher Luz Maria , Ronsky Janet , Benseler Susanne , Emery Carolyn
Published: January 2020

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease. Given the heterogeneity of JIA and advances in treatment approaches, there is a persistent lack of consensus regarding the secondary consequences of JIA. This study assessed body structure and function and physical activity outcomes in youth with JIA compared to their healthy peers. Methods: Youth with JIA (n=25; 10-20 years old) and age and sex matched healthy peers (n=25) participated in two data collections (one week apart) (Ethics ID# REB15-3125). Day 1 testing included a triple single leg hop test (TSLH) and an incremental bike test. Participants then recorded their physical activity for one week using the waist worn ActiGraph. Day 2 testing consisted of a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan. Outcomes included: moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), maximal TSLH distance (% leg length), and fat mass index (FMI). Data were assessed for normality and outliers. Pair differences were analyzed in R (R Core Team, Austria) using t-confidence intervals (CI) or the Hodges-Lehmann method with Bonferroni correction. A significant difference was accepted if CIs excluded zero. The effect of sex on outcomes was examined using pair difference medians and first and third quartiles. Results: CIs for all study outcomes contained zero and did not meet criteria for significant differences between pairs. However, based on the large lower limit and small upper limit of the CIs for MVPA (median -18.6min 97.5%CI [-44.3,2.0]), a larger sample might have concluded that youth with JIA perform substantially less MVPA than their healthy peers. Further, based on pair difference point estimates and interquartile ranges, sex may be a confounder with regards to physical activity participation and may be an effect modifier of the TSLH. Conclusions: The results of this study provide further evidence on the consequences of JIA on physical activity participation in youth. These findings highlight the importance of considering the effects of sex, particularly with regards to physical activity and TSLH outcomes. Further research across JIA subtypes is needed to inform the targeted exercise therapy programs to restore healthy patterns of physical activity participation.
What a weight loss programme should contain if people with obesity were asked - A qualitative analysis within the DO:IT study
Authors: Jessen-Winge Christina , Ilvig Pia Maria , Fritz Heather , Brandt Carl J. , Lee Kim , Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup
Published: January 2020

Background Currently 1.9 billion adults worldwide are estimated to be overweight or obese. In Denmark the municipalities hold the responsibility to deliver weight loss programmes to overweight and obese citizens. There has been a tendency to assume that obesity reduction programmes that work in specialized hospital settings are directly transferrable to the municipalities. However, municipality-based weight loss programmes have not produced clinically significant reductions in body weight. Differential success rates between hospital and municipal settings may be due to a discrepancy between research evidence and needs of people with obesity. The first step in developing a weight loss programme designed for the municipalities is to understand what a programme should contain, if people with obesity were asked. The aim of this study was to examine what people with obesity find important in a weight loss programme to make the weight loss successful and maintained. Methods We used a qualitative, explorative, descriptive design drawing on hermeneutical reflection with individual interviews. We included men and women age 17 and older with a BMI≥25 kg/m2. Participants were recruited from the wait lists of 13 municipality programmes and through Facebook posts. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Results Thirty-four participants with overweight or obesity were individually interviewed (age between 19 – 74). Findings suggest that weight loss programmes should support the participants in structuring days, not with restrictions but with replacement activities. Programmes should also aide individuals with taking one thing at a time and facilitating social support from friends, health professionals and peers. Diet and exercise were expressed as important content in a weight loss programme, but as having a negative meaning. Conclusion People with obesity wish to have a structured approach to weight loss that focuses on habits, social support and preserving the positive meaning of activities.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Heat-Related Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Naval Personnel in China
Authors: Wang Xuren , Xia Demeng , Wang Yixin , Xu Shuogui , Gui Li
Published: January 2020

Background: Heat-related illnesses have significant impacts on health, and military personnel were widely exposed to risk factors of heat-related illness. Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) are the three of the most important factors to prevent the heat-related illness. A cross-sectional study was designed to explore heat-related KAP of military personnel in China. Methods: This survey was conducted in June 2019. A total of 646 military personnel were recruited from 2 navy troops in tropical zone and one in temperate zone. Data regarding demographic characteristics and KAP scores were collected using questionnaires. Univariate analysis and Scheffe's method were used for data analysis. Results: The mean K-score was relatively high (10.37, SD=1.63), but the subscore of awareness of exertional heatstroke and the risk of alcohol and soda drinks were inadequate. There are noticeable differences in the mean K-score according to age, military ranks and education levels(P<0.05). The mean A-score was 7.76(SD=2.65). The participants from tropical zone or had relevant experience had higher A-score (P<0.05). The mean P-score was 3.80 (SD=1.12), and participants from temperate zone had higher P-score (P<0.001). Conclusions: Military personnel's awareness of the prevention and first-aid measures of heat related illnesses need to be strengthened, and it is very important to develop educational programs and enrich systematic educational resources of heat-related illness.
Promotion of Worker’s Health in Qualitative Research Approaches: A Scoping Review
Authors: Costa Gerferson André Silva , Oliveira Fabiana Goulart de , Modena Celina Maria
Published: January 2020

BackgroundIt is known that the investment in promoting health, both at the individual level and at the organizational level can bring benefits to all individuals included in this process. This Scoping Review compares the main results addressed in Brazilian qualitative researches and in other countries that addressed the topic of workers’ health promotion.Methods Thirty-three articles were selected for analysis from the SciELO, BVS - BDENF/Index, PubMed, and LILACS databases. Scientific articles that used a qualitative or quantitative-qualitative approach in Portuguese, English or Spanish, during the period from 2009 to the present moment of our Review (October 2019) were included. This Scoping Review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework.Results The literature review allowed the discussion on the following related topics: worker’s social participation in health decisions, perceptions/meanings about health promotion, working conditions and worker’s suffering, working conditions and the risk of illness, worker’s awareness, and changes in lifestyles, employers’ stereotypes about their workers and health promotion, the use of technology in health promotion interventions, the importance of communication in promoting workers’ health and social support at work for carrying out health promotion actions.ConclusionThis study showed differences in the research analyzed and provided the mapping of the main results that may support future research and changes in worker’s health policies in general. While in Brazil, studies are still focused on workers’ perceptions about health promotion and the assessment of working conditions risks to their health, in other countries, most qualitative research has been used to assess workers’ perceptions after a given workplace health promotion intervention.
Time restricted feeding for the prevention and therapy of lifestyle-dependent diseases: Results of a pilot study in a pre-post design
Authors: Kesztyüs Dorothea , Schönsteiner Dorothée , Gulich Markus , Kesztyüs Tibor
Published: January 2020

Background The on-going epidemic of non-communicable diseases in industrialised countries threatens to overtax the health and social systems of these nations. New approaches beyond the usual therapeutic and preventive measures which have been applied so far must be tested. A paradigm shift with regard to nutrition and associated illness is overdue. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) offers a low threshold and easy to implement lifestyle change which may have what it takes for broad, population-wide applicability and a widely diversified range of possible effects. In this pilot study we will examine the feasibility and adherence of TRF in healthy adult employees. Methods Pre-post-design study with healthy volunteers from the staff of Ulm University and Ulm University Hospital. Participants were asked to reduce their daily eating time to 8-9 hours for three months. Surrounding the eating time they were allowed drinks other than water for 12 hours and water for the rest of the day. Anthropometric measurements were taken by trained staff and blood samples were taken at baseline and follow-up. Questionnaires were handed out pre and post and during the course of the study timing of the first and the last meal, as well as sleep duration and quality, were assessed in diaries. Results Sixty three participants (aged 47.8±10.5) were recruited and started the intervention immediately after the baseline assessment. Two persons dropped out while all others finished the study. Ratings of compatibility of TRF with professional activities were good in 78% of participants while 18% reported to have encountered some difficulties. On average, the fasting target was reached on 72.2±18.9% of recorded days. After three months of TRF, participants showed moderate reductions in weight (-1.3±2.3kg, p=<0.001) and waist circumference (-1.7±3.22cm, p=<0.001). Health-related quality of life increased significantly by 5.8±12.4 (p=0.008) points between baseline and follow-up. Conclusions TRF is feasible and well accepted, even in regularly employed persons, and improves HRQoL. TRF may help to reduce obesity and abdominal obesity in adult working people and so help to prevent non-communicable diseases, but volunteers need more guidance to increase effects.
Implementation of strategic analysis methods to choose a development strategy for the enterprise’s foreign economic activity
Authors: Azarenkova Galyna , Golovko Olena , Oryekhova Kateryna , Yavorsky Sergii
Published: January 2020

The article considers stages and methods of strategic management of the enterprise’s foreign economic activity. PEST analysis, SWOT analysis and SPACE analysis of foreign economic activity are used on the basis of a particular enterprise. PEST analysis has highlighted political and legal, economic, social and technological factors influencing the foreign economic activity of the analyzed enterprise. SWOT analysis has allowed identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the enterprise. SPACE analysis has revealed that in the absence of growth in the services market, the use of a strategy for the enterprise diversification is acceptable. This strategy involves the creation and development of new services. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly monitor the activity of the enterprise in the international economic environment.
1-Deoxynojirimycin and its Derivatives: A Mini Review of the Literature
Authors: Wang Haijun , Shen Yin , Zhao Lei , Ye Youfan
Published: January 2020

1-Deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) is a naturally occurring sugar analogue with unique bioactivities.
It is found in mulberry leaves and silkworms, as well as in the metabolites of certain microorganisms,
including Streptomyces and Bacillus. 1-DNJ is a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor and it possesses
anti-hyperglycemic, anti-obese, anti-viral and anti-tumor properties. Some derivatives of 1-DNJ, like
miglitol, miglustat and migalastat, were applied clinically to treat diseases such as diabetes and
lysosomal storage disorders. The present review focused on the extraction, determination, pharmacokinetics
and bioactivity of 1-DNJ, as well as the clinical application of 1-DNJ derivatives.