bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serratus anterior plane versus paravertebral nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia after non-mastectomy breast surgery: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial
Authors: Gabriel Rodney A , Swisher Matthew W , Sztain Jacklynn F , Curran Brian P , Said Engy T , Abramson Wendy B , Khatibi Bahareh , Alexander Brenton S , Finneran John J , Wallace Anne M , Armani Ava , Blair Sarah , Dobke Marek , Suliman Ahmed , Reid Christopher , Donohue Michael C , Ilfeld Brian M
Published: June 2021

Background

Paravertebral and serratus plane blocks are both used to treat pain following breast surgery. However, it remains unknown if the newer serratus block provides comparable analgesia to the decades-old paravertebral technique.

Methods

Subjects undergoing unilateral or bilateral non-mastectomy breast surgery were randomized to a single-injection serratus or paravertebral block in a subject-masked fashion (ropivacaine 0.5%; 20 mL unilateral; 16 mL/side bilateral). We hypothesized that (1) analgesia would be non-inferior in the recovery room with serratus blocks (measurement: Numeric Rating Scale), and (2) opioid consumption would be non-inferior with serratus blocks in the operating and recovery rooms. In order to claim that serratus blocks are non-inferior to paravertebral blocks, both hypotheses must be at least non-inferior.

Results

Within the recovery room, pain scores for participants with serratus blocks (n=49) had a median (IQR) of 4.0 (0–5.5) vs 0 (0–3.0) for those with paravertebral blocks (n=51): 0.95% CI −3.00 to −0.00; p=0.001. However, the difference in morphine equivalents did not reach statistical significance for superiority with the serratus group consuming 14 mg (10–19) vs 10 mg (10–16) for the paravertebral group: 95% CI −4.50 to 0.00, p=0.123. Since the 95% CI lower limit of −4.5 was less than our prespecified margin of −2.0, we failed to conclude non-inferiority of the serratus block with regard to opioid consumption.

Conclusions

Serratus blocks provided inferior analgesia compared with paravertebral blocks. Without a dramatic improvement in safety profile for serratus blocks, it appears that paravertebral blocks are superior to serratus blocks for postoperative analgesia after non-mastectomy breast surgery.

Trial registration number

NCT03860974
.
Equilibrium Pricing, Advertising, and Quality Strategies in a Platform Service Supply Chain
Authors: He Yong , Yu Yanan , Wang Zhongyuan , Xu Henry
Published: June 2021

Online-to-Offline service platforms are rising with the development of e-commerce and the increasing need for service. Taking the hospitality and tourism industries as typical examples, this paper considers a platform service supply chain, where a leading hotel is responsible for offline service, and a following platform is in charge of pricing, online service, and advertising investment. Three decision modes (i.e., decentralized, cost-sharing, and integrated) for the platform service supply chain are investigated. We derive the optimal service levels for the hotel and the platform, advertising investment, and retail price in each mode. Our analyses indicate that perceived service quality and brand image vary over time, and they gradually converge to a steady-state. The cost-sharing mode can be achieved if the hotel can obtain enough profit per unit. Once the cost-sharing mode is achieved, it can help improve perceived service quality and brand image, which further increases both the hotel and the platform’s profits. However, the integrated mode generates the best-perceived service quality, brand image, supply chain performance, and the lowest price.
Quadratic gravity and restricted Weyl symmetry
Authors: Kamimura Arata , Oda Ichiro
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between quadratic gravity and a restricted Weyl symmetry where a gauge parameter [Formula: see text] of Weyl transformation satisfies a constraint [Formula: see text] in a curved spacetime. First, we briefly review a model with a restricted gauge symmetry on the basis of QED, where a [Formula: see text] gauge parameter [Formula: see text] obeys a similar constraint [Formula: see text] in a flat Minkowski spacetime, and explain that the restricted gauge symmetry removes one on-shell mode of gauge field, which together with the Feynman gauge leaves only two transverse polarizations as physical states. Next, it is shown that the restricted Weyl symmetry also eliminates one component of a dipole field in quadratic gravity around a flat Minkowski background, leaving only a single scalar state. Finally, we show that the restricted Weyl symmetry cannot remove any dynamical degrees of freedom in static background metrics by using the zero-energy theorem of quadratic gravity. This fact also holds for the Euclidean background metrics without imposing the static condition.
The quantum emission of an alive black hole
Authors: Rueda J. A. , Ruffini R.
Published: June 2021

A long march of 50 years of successive theoretical progress and new physics discovered using observations of gamma-ray bursts has finally led to the formulation of an efficient mechanism able to extract the rotational energy of a Kerr black hole to power these most energetic astrophysical sources and active galactic nuclei. We here present the salient features of this long-sought mechanism, based on gravito-electrodynamics, and which represents an authentic shift of paradigm of black holes as forever “alive” astrophysical objects.
A NEW CRITERION FOR DRILLING MACHINABILITY EVALUATION OF NANOCOMPOSITES MODIFIED BY GRAPHENE/CARBON FIBER EPOXY MATRIX AND OPTIMIZATION USING COMBINED COMPROMISE SOLUTION
Authors: KUMAR JOGENDRA , VERMA RAJESH KUMAR
Published: June 2021

This article describes new control criteria and robust optimization methodology to balance drilling parameters and machining characteristics. Experimentation was performed according to response surface methodology (RSM) using a TiAlN coated SiC tool. The full drilling force signal and cutting parameters tested are categorized into five stages, indicating the drilling tool-workpiece interactions’ different statuses. Principal component analysis (PCA) assigns real response priority weight during the aggregation of conflicting characteristics. The hybrid module of combined compromise solution and PCA (CoCoSo–PCA) is used to decide the optimal parametric setting. It efficiently undertakes a trade-off between minimal thrust ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]N), torque ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Nm) surface roughness ([Formula: see text]m). A regression model between input parameters and output function was established using RSM quadratic model. The validation experiment shows significant improvement, and the proposed module can be recommended for quality-productivity characteristics control.
Neural Network-based Pest Detection with K-Means Segmentation: Impact of Improved Dragonfly Algorithm
Authors: Chodey Madhuri Devi , Noorullah Shariff C
Published: June 2021

Pest detection and identification of diseases in agricultural crops is essential to ensure good product since it is the major challenge in the field of agriculture. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to fight the infestation to minimise the use of pesticides. The techniques of image analysis are extensively applied to agricultural science that provides maximum protection to crops. This might obviously lead to better crop management and production. However, automatic pest detection with machine learning technology is still in the infant stage. Hence, the video processing-based pest detection framework is constructed in this work by following six major phases, viz. (a) Video Frame Acquisition, (b) Pre-processing, (c) Object Tracking, (d) Foreground and Background Segmentation, (e) Feature Extraction, and (f) Classification. Initially, the moving frames of videos are pre-processed, and the movement of the object is tracked with the aid of the foreground and background segmentation approach via K-Means clustering. From the segmented image, a new feature evaluation termed as Distributed Intensity-based LBP features (DI-LBP) along with edges and colour are extracted. Further, the features are subjected to a classification process, where an optimised Neural Network (NN) is used. As a novelty, the training of NN will be carried out using a new Dragonfly with New Levy Update (D-NU) algorithm via updating the weight. Finally, the performance of the proposed model is analysed over other conventional models with respect to certain performance measures for both video and image datasets.
Light Inextensible Strings (Thread) Under Tension in the Schwarzschild Geometry
Authors: Hankin Robin K. S.
Published: June 2021

Light inextensible string under tension is a stalwart feature of elementary physics. Here I show how considering such a string in the vicinity of a black hole, with the help of computer algebra systems, can generate insight into the Schwarzschild geometry in the context of an undergraduate homework problem. Light taut strings minimize their proper length, given by integrating the spatial component of the Schwarzschild metric along the string. The path itself is given by straightforward numerical solution to the Euler–Lagrange equations. If the string is entirely outside the event horizon, its closest approach to the singularity is tangential. At this point the string is visibly curved, surely a memorable and informative insight. The geometry of the Schwarzschild metric induces some interesting nonlocal phenomena: if the distance of closest approach is less than about [Formula: see text], the string self-intersects, even though it is everywhere under tension. Light taut strings furnish a third interpretation of the concept “straight line”, the other two being null geodesics and free-fall world lines. All the software used is available under the GPL.1
Teaching Impulse-Momentum Law by Arduino Based STEM Education Material
Authors: Çoban Atakan , Erol Mustafa
Published: June 2021

In this study, a sample application that can be done in a classroom where students are actively engaged in technology, engineering, physics and mathematics in a single educational environment, will be introduced. The relationship between the impulse exerted by the force acting on a vehicle for a certain period of time and the change in the momentum were analyzed using Arduino UNO, Load-cell 1kg sensor, distance sensor and Bluetooth sensor prepared within the scope of STEM education. The ratio of these two physical quantities, which is theoretically equal to unity, was found as [Formula: see text] with the help of the data. The error rate of the data was calculated to be 4.1% despite using highly economical teaching materials.
Critical Parameter Identification of Fuel-Cell Models Using Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Pant Lalit M. , Stewart Sarah , Craig Nathan , Weber Adam Z.
Published: June 2021

Numerical modeling has been a vital tool in proton-exchange-membrane fuel-cell (PEMFC) analysis; however, the predictive capabilities of these models depend on the input physical parameters, several of which are either not experimentally measured or have large scatter in measured values. This article presents an uncertainty propagation-based sensitivity analysis to identify the model parameters that impact the model predictions most. A comprehensive 2-D membrane electrode assembly (MEA) model is used to perform local sensitivity analysis at multiple operating conditions, which encompass the range of environments and operating conditions a cell can encounter. While at lower humidities, cathode kinetics and membrane-ohmic-loss related parameters are crucial, gas transport and porous-media saturation behavior are more important at humidified conditions. Several of these findings are different from previous studies presented in literature. Identifying the crucial parameters helps focus future material and cell optimization studies as well as experimental studies to quantify these parameters with higher accuracy.
Factors that Affect Capacity in the Low Voltage Kinetic Hindrance Region of Ni-Rich Positive Electrode Materials and Diffusion Measurements from a Reinvented Approach
Authors: Liu Aaron , Phattharasupakun Nutthaphon , Cormier Marc M. E. , Zsoldos Eniko , Zhang Ning , Lyle Erin , Arab Phillip , Sawangphruk Montree , Dahn J. R.
Published: June 2021

With research continuing to push for higher Ni content in positive electrode materials, issues such as the 1st cycle irreversible capacity and kinetic hindrances related to Li diffusion become more significant. This work highlights the impact of various material parameters on electrochemical performances, specifically the kinetic hindrances to Li diffusion in the low voltage region. Increasing the amount of substituents, increasing the secondary particle size and increasing the primary particle size were all variables found to decrease capacity in the ∼3.4–3.6 V region at modest discharge rates and increase the 1st cycle IRC. The capacity in the ∼3.4–3.6 V region can be recovered when cycling at a higher temperature at similar discharge rates or when cycling to a low cut-off voltage of 2 V. Since these processes are related to the diffusion of Li in the positive electrode, analysis of the Li chemical diffusion coefficient, D

c
, is presented using a reinvented approach we call the “Atlung Method for Intercalant Diffusion.” The measured D

c
for the single crystalline LiNi0.975Mg0.025O2 materials were found to be about 2 orders of magnitude smaller compared to the polycrystalline materials if the secondary particle size was used in the calculation of D

c
for the polycrystalline samples. If the primary particle size of the polycrystalline materials was used, then D

c
was similar to the single crystal materials. These results demonstrate that lattice diffusion is much slower compared to grain boundary diffusion offering insight for optimizing material morphology for better rate performance.
Application of Machine Learning in Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Overview of the Main Areas
Authors: Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee , Sadeghi Saeid , Mooseloo Farzaneh Mansoori , Vandchali Hadi Rezaei , Aeini Samira
Published: June 2021

In today’s complex and ever-changing world, concerns about the lack of enough data have been replaced by concerns about too much data for supply chain management (SCM). The volume of data generated from all parts of the supply chain has changed the nature of SCM analysis. By increasing the volume of data, the efficiency and effectiveness of the traditional methods have decreased. Limitations of these methods in analyzing and interpreting a large amount of data have led scholars to generate some methods that have high capability to analyze and interpret big data. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to identify the applications of machine learning (ML) in SCM as one of the most well-known artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. By developing a conceptual framework, this paper identifies the contributions of ML techniques in selecting and segmenting suppliers, predicting supply chain risks, and estimating demand and sales, production, inventory management, transportation and distribution, sustainable development (SD), and circular economy (CE). Finally, the implications of the study on the main limitations and challenges are discussed, and then managerial insights and future research directions are given.
Push Plate Test of CRTS II Slab Ballastless Track: Theoretical Analysis, Experiments, and Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Yu , Xu Qianqi , Sun Xiaodan , Yang Guotao , Zhao Guotang
Published: June 2021

Push plate test is a powerful tool to evaluate the interfacial bond performance of China railway track structure type‐II slab ballastless track structure (CRTS II SBTS). However, there is still a lack of theoretical explanation of the push plate test. In this paper, a linear proportional distribution method is proposed in terms of a series of analytical formulas to describe the interfacial force‐displacement variation of CRTS II SBTS in different damage stages of the horizontal push plate test. The force‐displacement relationship established by the linear proportional distribution method agrees well with that observed in full‐scale test. The horizontal push plate test is then simulated, in which a bilinear cohesive zone model (CZM) was adopted to simulate the interface within track structure. The parameters of the CZM are calculated based on the force‐displacement curves obtained from scale push plate test. Particularly, the normal cohesive parameters are determined based on the scale vertical push plate test instead of the traditional splitting tensile test. The simulation proves that both the maximum affected length in the undamage stage and the maximum damaged length in the damage stage depend rather on the interfacial stiffness and the material parameters of SBTS than the horizontal load. These two lengths given by the simulation are close to those defined by the proposed linear proportional distribution method. This indicates the reliability of the proposed method and the capability of scale push plate test in determining cohesive parameters.
Cyclic Loading Test for the Small-Strain Shear Modulus of Saturated Soft Clay and Its Failure Mechanism
Authors: Zhu Zhende , Zhang Cong , Wang Jun , Zhang Peng , Zhu Duan
Published: June 2021

Small-strain shear modulus,

G

max

, is a key evaluation index to study the dynamic characteristics of soil in geotechnical engineering. It is widely adopted to evaluate the stiffness of soft soil in soil dynamic engineering. In this paper, the cyclic triaxial tests and resonance column tests were carried out to explore the variation of

G

max

of soft clay with respect to various confining stresses, cyclic shear stress ratios, pore pressures, and effective stress paths. Test results indicated that the effective stress decreased gradually with the increase of the cycle shear stress ratio. The failure points were mainly concentrated in a rectangular area, defined by the normalized effective stress from 0.56 to 0.64 and the normalized shear modulus from 0.72 to 0.78. Additionally, a short pause caused a small increase of 1-2% in

G

max

as well as pore pressure. This study demonstrates that

G

max

can be effectively used to characterize the failure of saturated soft clay in a more intuitive and convenient way, compared to the commonly used strain failure standards.
Exosomes miR-22-3p Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Regulating RAP2B and PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Wang Yan , Lin Changkun
Published: June 2021

Objective. Exosomes (exo) which contain proteins, microRNAs (miRNAs), and other bioactive substances can participate in intercellular signal transduction and material transport. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a strong ability to produce exosomes. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of hBMSCs-derived-exo miR-22-3p on proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and to explore its mechanism. Methods. miR-22-3p and RAS oncogene family (RAP2B) expression was detected using qRT-PCR or Western blotting. Their interaction was confirmed by dual luciferase activity assay. Effects of miR-22-3p on cell proliferation and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Exosomes were extracted by the ultracentrifugation and identified through electron microscopy and Western blotting. Results. In CRC tissues and cells, downregulation of miR-22-3p and upregulation of RAP2B were observed. According to the analysis of dual luciferase activity, RAP2B was a target gene of miR-22-3p. In addition, miR-22-3p obviously repressed the cells proliferation and invasion via mediating RAP2B/PI3K/AKT pathway. Coculture experiments indicated that miR-22-3p derived from hBMSCs-exo had inhibition effects on SW480 cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusions. Collectively, miR-22-3p from hBMSCs-exo might impede CRC progression, which emphasized the potential of hBMSCs-exo-miR-22-3p as CRC treatment in the future.
Fracture Mechanism in Overlying Strata during Longwall Mining
Authors: Ti Zhengyi , Li Jiazhen , Wang Meng , Wang Kang , Jin Zhupeng , Tai Caiwang
Published: June 2021

We used the key stratum theory to establish a more realistic thin‐plate mechanical model of elastic foundation clamped boundary and study the fracture mechanism of overlying strata during longwall mining. We analyzed the fracture characteristics and factors affecting fracture of the key stratum combined with the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion. Besides, we used numerical simulation methods to verify the evolution pattern of the overlying strata fracture. The results show that the fracture mechanisms of the elastic foundation clamped structure’s key stratum varied depending on the position under longwall mining. The advanced coal wall area of the upper surface is a compressive‐shear fracture. The center area of the lower surface is a tensile fracture. With the increase of the excavation length and the load of the key stratum, the central area and the advanced coal wall area of the long side are fractured before the advanced coal wall area of the short side. With the increase of flexural rigidity of the key stratum, the advanced coal wall area of the long side fractures before the central area and the advanced coal wall area of the short side. With the increase of the foundation modulus and the advanced load of the key stratum, the central area fractures before the surrounding advanced coal wall area. The advanced influence distance was positively correlated with the key stratum’s flexural rigidity and advanced load and negatively correlated with the foundation modulus and excavation length. The advanced influence distance was not affected by the load of the key stratum. The numerical simulation results show that, with the increase of the mining area, the fracture trace of overlying strata in goaf extended to the coal wall’s interior. The fracture range of overlying strata is larger than that of the miningd: area. This study has a practical value for water disasters, gas outbursts, and rock strata control.
Improve Performance by a Fuzzy-Based Dynamic Replication Algorithm in Grid, Cloud, and Fog
Authors: Beigrezaei Mahsa , Haghighat Abolfazel Toroghi , Mirtaheri Seyedeh Leili
Published: June 2021

The efficiency of data-intensive applications in distributed environments such as Cloud, Fog, and Grid is directly related to data access delay. Delays caused by queue workload and delays caused by failure can decrease data access efficiency. Data replication is a critical technique in reducing access latency. In this paper, a fuzzy-based replication algorithm is proposed, which avoids the mentioned imposed delays by considering a comprehensive set of significant parameters to improve performance. The proposed algorithm selects the appropriate replica using a hierarchical method, taking into account the transmission cost, queue delay, and failure probability. The algorithm determines the best place for replication using a fuzzy inference system considering the queue workload, number of accesses in the future, last access time, and communication capacity. It uses the Simple Exponential Smoothing method to predict future file popularity. The OptorSim simulator evaluates the proposed algorithm in different access patterns. The results show that the algorithm improves performance in terms of the number of replications, the percentage of storage filled, and the mean job execution time. The proposed algorithm has the highest efficiency in random access patterns, especially random Zipf access patterns. It also has good performance when the number of jobs and file size are increased.
An In Vitro-In Vivo Evaluation of the Antiproliferative and Antiangiogenic Effect of Flavone Apigenin against SK-MEL-24 Human Melanoma Cell Line
Authors: Ghiƫu Alexandra , Pavel Ioana Zinuca , Avram Stefana , Kis Brigitta , Minda Daliana , Dehelean Cristina Adriana , Buda Valentina , Folescu Roxana , Danciu Corina
Published: June 2021

One of the most important class of natural compounds with successful preclinical results in the management of cancer is the flavonoids. Due to the plethora of biological activities, apigenin (4

′

,5,7 trihydroxyflavone) is a main representant of the flavone subclass. Although the antiproliferative and antiangiogenic effects of apigenin were studied on a significant number of human and murine melanoma cell lines, in order to complete the data existing in the literature, the aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro effect of apigenin on SK-MEL-24 human melanoma cell line as well as in vivo on tumor angiogenesis using the aforementioned cell line on the chorioallantoic membrane assay. Results have shown that in the range of tested doses, the phytocompound presents significant antiproliferative, cytotoxic, and antimigratory potential at 30 μM, respectively, 60 μM. Moreover, the phytocompound in both tested concentrations limited melanoma cell growth and migration and induced a reduced angiogenic reaction limiting melanoma cell development.
Use of Narrow‐Diameter Implants in Completely Edentulous Patients as a Prosthetic Option: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Storelli S. , Caputo A. , Palandrani G. , Peditto M. , Del Fabbro M. , Romeo E. , Oteri G.
Published: June 2021

Objective. The objective of the present review is to assess the implant survival, marginal bone loss, and biomechanical features of narrow‐diameter implants (2.5‐3.5 mm) supporting or retaining full‐arch fixed or removable restorations. Materials and Methods. Three operators screened the literature (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) and performed a hand search on the main journals that focus on implantology until 24 March 2019. Only articles that considered full‐arch restorations supported or retained by narrow‐diameter implants (2.5‐3.5 mm) were considered if they have a minimum of 10 patients and a mean follow‐up of at least 6 months. The outcome variables were survival of implants and marginal bone loss. The review was performed according to the PRISMA statements. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated. Failure rates were analyzed using random effect Poisson regression models to obtain the summary estimate of 5‐year survival rate and marginal bone loss. Results. A total of nine papers were finally selected, reporting a high survival rate of the implants. Eight studies focused only on the mandible while one study reported data from both mandible and maxilla. All studies reported on removable restorations; none focused on fixed rehabilitations. The estimated survival rate for 5 years of follow‐up was calculated to be 92.25% for the implants. The estimated marginal bone loss after 5 years was calculated to be 1.40 mm. No study reported implant fractures. Conclusions. With the limitations of the present study, there is evidence that 2.5‐3.5 mm narrow‐diameter implants retaining a removable restoration can be a successful treatment in fully edentulous patients. No data on fixed restorations was available.
Truck Scheduling for Cross-Docking of Fresh Produce with Repeated Loading
Authors: Pan Fei , Fan Tijun , Qi Xinyi , Chen Jingyi , Zhang Chong
Published: June 2021

Due to mismanagement of supply chain operations, fresh produce, which deteriorates highly depending on time and operating environment (including temperature and humidity), will suffer huge losses in transit, resulting in substantial monetary losses. Cross-docking, as an efficient logistics operation strategy, has been widely used in fresh produce distribution in the cold supply chain, whereas it has not received adequate attention in the scientific literature. In order to improve the efficiency of fresh produce distribution, this study formulates a novel mixed-integer mathematical formulation model that allows repeated loading of outbound trucks to minimize the total deterioration (TD) of all the fresh produce in the cross-docking center. To solve this problem, an advanced genetic algorithm is proposed based on a constructional mixed chromosome with two parts and three levels. The numerical analyses are conducted on 10 typical instances under different combinations of parameters. Results show that our proposed model based on the repeated loading mode can effectively decrease the total deterioration compared with the traditional nonrepeated loading mode. And this superiority becomes more significant, as the value of truck changeover time and lot loading quantity (called lot size in the text) decrease. In particular, when the truck changeover time equals 0, the total deterioration obtained under repeated loading mode will be more than 31.8% on average smaller than that under nonrepeated loading mode.
Recent Advances in Enzymes for the Bioremediation of Pollutants
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Mojtaba , Hashemi Seyyed Alireza , Iman Moezzi Seyed Mohammad , Ravan Navid , Gholami Ahmad , Lai Chin Wei , Chiang Wei-Hung , Omidifar Navid , Yousefi Khadije , Behbudi Gity
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, pollution of the environment is a huge problem for humans and other organisms’ health. Conventional methods of pollutant removal like membrane filtration or ion exchange are not efficient enough to lower the number of pollutants to standard levels. Biological methods, because of their higher efficiency and biocompatibility, are preferred for the remediation of pollutants. These cost-effective and environment-friendly methods of reducing pollutants are called bioremediation. In bioremediation methods, enzymes play the most crucial role. Enzymes can remedy different types of organic and inorganic pollutants, including PAHs, azo dyes, polymers, organocyanides, lead, chromium, and mercury. Different enzymes isolated from various species have been used for the bioremediation of pollutants. Discovering new enzymes and new subtypes with specific physicochemical characteristics would be a promising way to find more efficient and cost-effective tools for the remediation of pollutants.
Design of Honeycomb Microperforated Structure with Adjustable Sound Absorption Performance
Authors: Yan Shanlin , Wu Jinwu , Chen Jie , Mao Qibo , Zhang Xiang
Published: June 2021

In this work, a double‐layer honeycomb microperforated structure with adjustable back‐cavity’s height is designed based on cylinder honeycomb structure and microperforated panel (MPP). The sound absorption performance can be changed by adjusting the height of back‐cavity. Thus, a better absorption performance is achieved by changing the position of the inner MPP. Acoustic impedance of the structure was calculated based on transfer matrix method. The sound absorption coefficient of the structure was obtained by finite element method (FEM). Meanwhile, the 3D printing technology was used to produce the experimental samples. The experimental results demonstrate that the sound absorption coefficient of the structure is greater than 0.8 in the range of 750–1250 Hz, greater than 0.9 in the range of 2297–3592 Hz, and above 0.5 in the range of 500–4000 Hz. In addition, the feasibility of achieving adjustable sound absorption by means of changing the height of the back‐cavity is verified by theoretical, simulation, and experimental results. The structure proposed in this work can realize the function of wide‐band and better sound absorption performance by changing the position of the inner MPP, which can be applied to effectively reduce different frequencies noise.
YAP‐Dependent Induction of CD47‐Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Dendritic Cell Activation and Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia‐Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Yuan Zenan , Ye Linsen , Feng Xiao , Zhou Tian , Zhou Yi , Zhu Shuguang , Jia Changchang , Li Haibo , Qiu Dongbo , Li Kun , Liu Wei , Li Yang , Tang Hui , Wang Guoying , Zhang Qi , Yang Yang , Chen Guihua , Li Hua
Published: June 2021

Hepatic ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of liver damage leading to surgical failures in hepatectomy and liver transplantation. Extensive inflammatory reactions and oxidative responses are reported to be the major processes exacerbating IRI. The involvement of Yes‐associated protein (YAP) in either process has been suggested, but the role and mechanism of YAP in IRI remain unclear. In this study, we constructed hepatocyte‐specific YAP knockout (YAP‐HKO) mice and induced a hepatic IRI model. Surprisingly, the amount of serum EVs decreased in YAP‐HKO compared to WT mice during hepatic IRI. Then, we found that the activation of YAP increased EV secretion through F‐actin by increasing membrane formation, while inhibiting the fusion of multivesicular body (MVB) and lysosomes in hepatocytes. Further, to explore the essential elements of YAP‐induced EVs, we applied mass spectrometry and noticed CD47 was among the top targets highly expressed on hepatocyte‐derived EVs. Thus, we enriched CD47+ EVs by microbeads and applied the isolated CD47+ EVs on IRI mice. We found ameliorated IRI symptoms after CD47+ EV treatment in these mice, and CD47+ EVs bound to CD172α on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs), which inhibited DC activation and the cascade of inflammatory responses. Our data showed that CD47‐enriched EVs were released in a YAP‐dependent manner by hepatocytes, which could inhibit DC activation and contribute to the amelioration of hepatic IRI. CD47+ EVs could be a potential strategy for treating hepatic IRI.
Effects of Different Kinesio-Taping Applications for Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness after High-Intensity Interval Training Exercise: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hung Bao-Lien , Sun Chen-Yu , Chang Nai-Jen , Chang Wen-Dien
Published: June 2021

Objectives. Kinesio-taping (KT) is used commonly for the management and prevention of sports injuries. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a common muscle strength training and often accompanies delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) to interfere with individuals’ exercise adherence. So, we compared the effects on muscle pain, thigh edema, and muscle strength for two kinds of KT applications on quadriceps muscles with DOMS after HIIT exercise. Methods. This is a randomized controlled trial study, which was conducted in a sports medicine laboratory of the college, and all data were collected between February 2019 and February 2020. Healthy participants were recruited from a local university and nearby community by announcements. They were randomly assigned to Group Y (Y-shaped KT application), Group CC (crisscross weave KT application), or Group CON (non-KT). All of them were assessed and used KT following the HIIT exercise, which was used to induce DOMS in the quadriceps muscles. Two different KT applications were, respectively, used in Groups Y and CC, whereas Group CON received no KT application. The visual analog scale (VAS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), thigh circumference, and muscle strength were assessed on the quadriceps femoris muscles before, immediately after, and at 24, 48, and 72 h after exercise. Results. A total of 38 participants completed the study trial. There were no significant differences in gender, age, height, weight, BMI, body fat, and muscle mass among the three groups (

p
>
0.05

). HIIT had a significant impact on muscle soreness, as revealed by the increase in VAS at 24 h after exercise. The results revealed no effect on VAS, PPT, and thigh circumference in Group Y and Group CC (all

p
>
0.05

). Additionally, muscle strength was significantly higher in Group CC at 24 h and 48 h after exercise compared with Groups Y and Group CON (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. In summary, this experiment reveals no evidence of the effectiveness of Y-shaped and crisscross weave KT applications in the improvement of DOMS pain and edema in the quadriceps muscle. However, the crisscross weave KT application on the quadriceps muscle improved muscle strength recovery after HIIT, but the Y-shaped KT application did not exert this effect. This finding may be useful for muscle strength recovery during HIIT or continuous running competitions.
HSDP: A Hybrid Sampling Method for Imbalanced Big Data Based on Data Partition
Authors: Chen Liping , Jiang Jiabao , Zhang Yong
Published: June 2021

The classical classifiers are ineffective in dealing with the problem of imbalanced big dataset classification. Resampling the datasets and balancing samples distribution before training the classifier is one of the most popular approaches to resolve this problem. An effective and simple hybrid sampling method based on data partition (HSDP) is proposed in this paper. First, all the data samples are partitioned into different data regions. Then, the data samples in the noise minority samples region are removed and the samples in the boundary minority samples region are selected as oversampling seeds to generate the synthetic samples. Finally, a weighted oversampling process is conducted considering the generation of synthetic samples in the same cluster of the oversampling seed. The weight of each selected minority class sample is computed by the ratio between the proportion of majority class in the neighbors of this selected sample and the sum of all these proportions. Generation of synthetic samples in the same cluster of the oversampling seed guarantees new synthetic samples located inside the minority class area. Experiments conducted on eight datasets show that the proposed method, HSDP, is better than or comparable with the typical sampling methods for F‐measure and G‐mean.
Artistic Color Virtual Reality Implementation Based on Similarity Image Restoration
Authors: Xu Xiaojuan , Zhu Jin
Published: June 2021

In this paper, exploratory and innovative research is done on the implementation technique of artistic color virtual reality for similarity image recovery. Based on similarity images, a nonlocal natural image before the regular term is proposed to deal with the single‐image blind deblurring problem. This paper designs a new artistic color virtual reality realization technology based on similarity image restoration, which exploits the low‐rank property between nonlocal similarity blocks in images and combines a strong convex term to enhance the convexity of the artistic color virtual reality model. We analyze virtual reality interaction design from the perspective of art color design, sort out the concept and content of design, analyze the elements, design principles, and evaluation criteria included in virtual reality interaction art color design, and explore the conceptual principles of virtual reality interaction art color design. A full understanding of the characteristics of the medium of the virtual reality interaction can help us to better use this medium as a tool to create works that aim to bring higher quality and experiential feeling with a perceptual communication method that is closer to natural interaction. Combining the power of technology, artistic colourful thinking, and a design approach paves the way forward. The study shows that virtual reality technology can effectively improve the status quo and promote the cultivation of professional practice ability in art color design, which is conducive to the cultivation of applied design talents.
Viscoelastic Fluid Factor Inversion and Application in Luojia Oilfield Based on Broadband Impedance
Authors: Zhang Ruyi , Wang Huazhong
Published: June 2021

Based on the physical quantity of log data, the accurate identification of oil- and gas-bearing properties may be caused by the prestack inversion of fluid prediction, which will affect the success rate of exploration and development. Prestack data contain more information of amplitude and frequency. Using the frequency-dependent viscoelastic impedance equation and Bayesian inversion framework, the objective function of frequency-dependent elastic impedance inversion can be established to realize the frequency-dependent impedance inversion at different angles. According to the elastic impedance equation of the frequency-varying viscoelastic fluid factor, the relationship between elastic impedance and the frequency-dependent viscoelastic fluid factor is established, and the prestack seismic inversion method of the frequency-dependent viscoelastic fluid factor is studied. However, one of the important factors easily neglected is that we have been using logging data to establish fluid-sensitive parameters and the lithophysical version for fluid identification, so there are differences between logging and seismic frequency bands for fluid identification. The indicator factors with higher sensitivity to fluid can be selected by laboratory measurements. This article applies this method on Luojia oilfield data and verifies this method with log interpretation results, based on the sample of rock physics obtained in a low-frequency rock physics experiment; the technique of dispersion and fluid-sensitive parameters is studied, and the fluid prediction technology of a multifrequency band rock physics template is adopted, which can build the relationship between rock physical elastic parameters and fluid properties by the multifrequency broadband impedance method.
Hybrid Algorithm Based on Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Complex Multiproduct Scheduling Problem with Zero-Wait Constraint
Authors: Liang Zhongyuan , Liu Mei , Zhong Peisi , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiao
Published: June 2021

Aiming at the complex multiproduct scheduling problem with 0-wait constraint, a hybrid algorithm based on genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA) algorithm was studied. Based on the results of pruning and grading to the operation tree of complex multiproduct, the design structure matrix (DSM) with precedence constraints was established. Then, an initial population coding method based on DSM was proposed and three strategies to optimize the initial population were proposed to improve the quality of the initial population for the situation of multiple operations in the same grade which need to be processed on the same machine. The specific process flow and the setting method of related parameters for the hybrid algorithm were given out. For the infeasible solution produced in the crossover operation, the repair method was proposed. In the decoding process with makespan as the optimization objective, the chromosome genes were classified and the decoding for complex multiproduct scheduling problem with 0-wait constraint was realized through the analysis of its characteristics. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for complex multiproduct scheduling problem with 0-wait constraint is verified by the test of related examples in the existing literature.
Health Insurance Ownership and Quality of Computed Tomography Requests: Experience from a Peripheral Referral Hospital in Cameroon
Authors: Tambe Joshua , Onana Yannick , Dongmo Sylviane , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Ongolo-Zogo Pierre
Published: June 2021

Background. Health insurance ownership facilitates access and minimizes financial hardship after utilization of healthcare services such as computed tomography (CT). Understanding the rational utilization of CT by people with health insurance can help optimize the scheme and provide baseline information for a national universal health coverage program. Objective. To assess the relationship between health insurance ownership and the appropriateness of requests for CT in a peripheral referral hospital in Cameroon. Methods. A survey of CT users was conducted during which information on health insurance ownership was collected and the request forms for CT assessed for appropriateness using the American College of Radiologists (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria®. Results. We consecutively enrolled 372 participants of which 167 (45%) were females. The median age (range) was 52 (18–92) years. Thirty-eight out of 370 participants reported having health insurance (10.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.2%–13.4%). Twenty-nine out of 352 CT scan requests (8.2%; 95% CI: 5.3–11.0) were judged to be “inappropriate.” The proportion of inappropriate scan requests was higher amongst people with health insurance compared to those without health insurance (18.4% vs. 7.0%; χ2 = 5.8;

p
=
0.02

). In the logistic regression analysis, health insurance ownership was associated to the appropriateness of CT requests in the univariate analysis only (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.13–0.84;

p
=
0.020

). Conclusions. Inappropriate requests for CT were low but nevertheless associated to health insurance ownership. The continuous sensitization and training of physicians would help minimize potential wasteful utilization of resources.
Evaluation of Collapsibility of Compacted Loess Based on Resistivity Index
Authors: Nie Yongpeng , Ni Wankui , Wang Haiman , Yuan Kangze , Tuo Wenxin , Li Xiangning
Published: June 2021

Recently, a lot of engineering constructions have been carried out in the Loess Plateau of China. However, the collapsibility of compacted loess as a filler poses a potential threat to the safety and stability of buildings. To address this threat, the scientific evaluation of the collapsibility of compacted loess has become a key to engineering construction. This study, therefore, tested the resistivity of compacted loess under varying conditions of water content, dry density, and its collapsibility coefficient under a pressure of 200 kPa. The correlation between collapsibility and electrical parameters was determined, and based on the resistivity, a new method to evaluate the collapsibility of the compacted loess is proposed. The results show that the resistivity of compacted loess decreases with an increase in water content and dry density and that the effect of water content is more significant. There is a critical water content value that causes the resistivity decay rate to slow down. The collapsibility coefficient also decreases with an increase in water content and dry density, and under the same dry density or same water content, the collapsibility coefficient and resistivity are positively correlated. According to the normalized resistivity value ρ/ρw, the relative collapsibility coefficient δs /0.015, and the water content ω obtained in the experiment, a collapsibility coefficient prediction model based on the resistivity of compacted loess was established. Using resistivity to evaluate the collapsibility of loess is nondestructive and provides a new method to accurately and quickly evaluate the collapsibility of compacted loess.