bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sox2 induces GBM cell stemness and tumor propagation by repressing TET2 and deregulating 5hmC and 5mC DNA modifications
Authors: Lopez-Bertoni Hernando , Johnson Amanda , Rui Yuan , Lal Bachchu , Coulter Johnathan , Lugo-Fagundo Maria , Sudhir Sweta , Khela Harmon , Caputo Christopher , Green Jordan , Laterra John
Published: May 2021

DNA methylation is a reversible process catalyzed by the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of enzymes (TET1, TET2, TET3) that convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Altered patterns of 5hmC and 5mC are widely reported in human cancers and loss of 5hmC correlates with poor prognosis. Understanding the mechanisms leading to 5hmC loss and its role in oncogenesis will advance the development of epigenetic-based therapeutics. We show that TET2 loss associates with GBM stem cells and correlates with poor survival of GBM patients. We further identify a SOX2:miR-10b-5p:TET2 axis that represses TET2 expression, represses 5hmC, increases 5mC levels and induces GBM cell stemness and tumor-propagating potential. In vivo delivery of a miR-10b-5p inhibitor that normalizes TET2 expression and 5hmC levels inhibits tumor growth and prolongs survival of animals bearing pre-established orthotopic GBM xenografts. These findings highlight the importance of TET2 and 5hmC loss in Sox2-driven oncogenesis and their potential for therapeutic targeting.
Basic financing principles of anti-covid measures: the case of the bank for international settlements
Authors: Taraniuk Leonid , D’yakonova Irina , Taraniuk Karina , Qiu Hongzhou
Published: May 2021

The study’s main purpose is to study the process of financing anti-COVID measures by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) during the pandemic COVID-19. Systematization of literature sources and approaches to solving the problem of low level of financial assistance in combating COVID-19, especially for developing economies, showed a need to identify positive and negative factors affecting the BIS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The relevance of solving this scientific problem is a need for priority funding health care to prevent the spread of viral infection COVID-19. The study of anti-COVID measures by BIS during the global pandemic was carried out in the following logical sequence: determining the relevance of the topic; analyzing the scientific background on the research topic; establishing the research methodological basis; providing conclusions and recommendations. Methodological tools of this study are as follows: comparative analysis, scientific abstraction, systematic approach, and generalization method. This study covers the 2019-2020 years. The object of the study was a financial company – the BIS, which can effectively finance anti-COVID measures during the pandemic COVID-19. The article presents an empirical analysis of the possibility to finance anti-COVID measures by the BIS during the pandemic. The findings showed an urgent need to find additional funding sources to finance anti-COVID measures. The study empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the BIS’s positive and negative factors are crucial in providing effective anti-COVID measures. The authors determined negative and positive factors influencing the BIS work during the pandemic. Findings allow to find factors for solving management problems regarding the financing of anti-COVIV measures. Besides, they contribute to forming directions to optimize the collaboration between countries’ financial institutions and the BIS. The study results could be useful for effective management decisions by managing the BIS in financing anti-COVID measures.
Effects of Fruit Bagging on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Related Gene Expression in Peach
Authors: Ma Yingtao , Zhao Mengmeng , Wu Hongxia , Yuan Congying , Li Huiyun , Zhang Yanzhao
Published: May 2021

Fruit bagging is a popular agricultural practice that has been widely used to physically protect fruit. However, the application of fruit bags usually has various effects on fruit quality. In this study, three kinds of paper bags with different colors and transmittance were applied to investigate their effects on the skin coloration and related gene expression of peach (Prunus persica). Our findings showed that bagging treatment inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and the expression of related structural and regulatory genes in the peach pericarp. To a certain extent, the inhibitory effects were negatively correlated with the light transmittance of these paper bags. The expression of MYB10.1 was also suppressed by fruit bagging and was highly consistent with anthocyanin content in peach pericarps, which indicated that MYB10.1 might have a critical role in the light-mediated regulation of anthocyanin production in peach pericarps. These findings further enrich our theoretical knowledge of the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis in peach fruit and provide a theoretical basis for common horticultural practices.
Symmetry decomposition of negativity of massless free fermions
Authors: Murciano Sara , Bonsignori Riccarda , Calabrese Pasquale
Published: May 2021

We consider the problem of symmetry decomposition of the entanglement negativity in free fermionic systems.
Rather than performing the standard partial transpose,
we use the partial time-reversal transformation which naturally encodes the fermionic statistics.
The negativity admits a resolution in terms of the charge imbalance between the two subsystems.
We introduce a normalised version of the imbalance resolved negativity which has the advantage to be an entanglement proxy for each symmetry sector,
but may diverge in the limit of pure states for some sectors.
Our main focus is then the resolution of the negativity for a free Dirac field at finite temperature and size.
We consider both bipartite and tripartite geometries and exploit conformal field theory to derive universal results for the
charge imbalance resolved negativity.
To this end, we use a geometrical construction in terms of an Aharonov-Bohm-like flux inserted in the Riemann surface defining the entanglement.
We interestingly find that the entanglement negativity is always equally distributed among the different imbalance sectors at leading order.
Our analytical findings are tested against exact numerical calculations for free fermions on a lattice.
Actinomycetes as the basis of Probiotics for Plants
Authors: Gagarina A.A.
Published: May 2021

The present review describes the concept of probiotics for plants and analyzes the prospects for using actinomycetes as producers of these drugs. The minimum requirements for plant probiotic microorganisms are proposed, similar to those for human probiotic microorganisms. These are utility, efficiency and safety for plants, as well as mandatory isolation from plant samples. It is noted that these requirements are usually met by endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms that stimulate plant growth and provide them with protection from phytopathogens. Evidence is given for the possibility of attributing actinomycetes to probiotic plant bacteria, due to the close relationship of these microorganisms with plants, their wide distribution in populations of endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms, and the presence of phytoregulatory activity. The review provides examples of genera and species of actinomycetes that are promising producers of probiotics for agronomically important crops. The most studied and commercialized of them are representatives of the Streptomyces genus. The current state, prospects and problems in commercialization of probiotics based on actinomycetes are discussed.

probiotic microorganisms of plants, associative actinomycetes, endophytes, rhizosphere, biological preparations
The Role of Akhlak Intelligence: Mediation Between Self-Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: Junusi Rahman El
Published: May 2021

This study attempts to fill the gap in the literature between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of self-efficacy and EO mediated by moral intelligence. Data collection was carried out from a population of 17,603 Muslim entrepreneurs in the city of Semarang who are engaged in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector. The data collected from the online survey was applied to structural equation modeling (SEM). From this study, it was found that self-efficacy has a significant effect on EO and moral intelligence, while moral intelligence affects EO. This study contributes to the literature on the role of self-efficacy and moral intelligence in increasing EO. The originality of this study is to offer the concept of moral intelligence which plays a central role in the relationship between self-efficacy and EO. Thus, no studies have investigated this causality.
The Effect of Business Literation on SMEs Performance with Mediation of Risk Management and Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy
Authors: Widarno Bambang
Published: May 2021

Literacy is the main prerequisite for intellectual growth and the ability to learn to generate new knowledge. This study aims to analyze the effect of business literacy on the performance of SMEs, either directly or indirectly by including the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) and Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) variables as mediation and moderation variables, respectively. The approach of this article is thought or conceptual based on intellectualization and reflects the prospects and impact of digital marketing. This study uses a critical system to analytically review digital marketing literature and relate it to research results. The data analysis technique used is descriptive. Based on the results of tracking and analysis, there has never been any previous research that examines business literacy, ESE, ERM, and SME performance in one model. The implication of social justice in the field of business literacy is through the existence of a business application system that is socialized to business people. Business information can enhance or even suppress the effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. ERM as a planned action is a control activity, which can be perceived not as an obstacle to gaining profits, but to get the expected performance results.
Extracurricular Activities as a Condition for the Intellectual Development of Young Teenagers
Authors: Michurina Elena , Kozhevnikova Elvira , Tuzhilkin Sergey
Published: May 2021

The paper introduces the organizational and methodological aspects of extracurricular activities as a necessary condition for the intellectual development of young teenagers, who usually demonstrate a striking imbalance in mathematical, non-science, and technical abilities, as well as a partial decrease in non-verbal abilities. The article describes various psychological and pedagogical approaches to the issue of intellectual abilities. The research objective was to study the forms and methods of organizing extracurricular activities that ensure the intellectual and personality development in 11–13-year-olds. A set of controlled experiments proved their efficiency and demonstrated some intellectual improvement in the test subjects. For instance, the research resulted in an obvious increase in the number of test subjects with a medium level of logical thinking, mathematical skills, speech development, and the ability to compare concepts.
Estimate of Efficiency of Class and Learning Activities based on Criterion-Oriented Testing
Authors: Sokolova Irina , Spirina Olga
Published: May 2021

The research featured the views of the teaching staff of a military engineering university about didactic testing and diagnostics. It included a survey of students' learning motivation based on the achievement goal theory. The military students proved to be oriented towards improving their skills and getting new knowledge in order to achieve professional and personal growth. The article introduces a criterion-oriented estimate of efficiency methods that can be used to assess class activities and communicative interaction between the teacher and the student. The modeling process was illustrated using the mathematical formalization method. The authors believe that criterion-oriented testing can help to verify teachers' achievements. The article justifies the need to develop new criterion-oriented methodologies for identifying teachers' performance and offers a detailed algorithm that can be used in future research and verification of professional achievements.
Problems of Information in Dialectical Materialism (Translated from English)
Authors: Kirschenmann Peter P. , Dumov Alexander
Published: May 2021

The article introduces a complete translation of Professor P. P. Kirschermann's "Problems of Information in Dialectical Materialism". It was originally published in the respectable sovietological journal "Studies in Soviet Thought" in 1968. Professor P. P. Kirschermann's article is a preview of his monograph "Information und Widerspiegelung. Zu Problemen der Kybernetik und des Diamats", published in 1969. Its English translation appeared a year later and was published by D. Reidel Publishing Company as "Information and Reflection: On Some Problems of Cybernetics and how Contemporary Dialectical Materialism Copes with Them". Professor P. P. Kirschenmann worked under the guidance of the famous Polish philosopher J. M. Bochenski in the framework of a special program implemented by the Institute for Eastern European Studies at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. In his article, he identified the main features of dialectical and materialistic reflection of information and demonstrated their connection with the fundamental principles of the dialectical materialism. Professor P. P. Kirschenmann focused on the existence of internal collisions, which impeded the implementation of a consistent conceptualization of information. This critical understanding of the dialectical and materialistic philosophy of information is of significant interest for several reasons. First of all, it proves the involvement of dialectical and materialist philosophy in the context of European thought of the XX century. In addition, it demonstrates the relevance of P. P. Kirschenmann's provisions for modern domestic contexts of the philosophy of information.
Professional Representation in Civil and Administrative Legal Proceedings in the Russian Federation
Authors: Zvyagina Natalia , Baev Viacheslav
Published: May 2021

In this article, the authors analyze the changes in civil procedural legislation. The research featured the issues of qualification for legal representatives in all categories of cases, with the exception of cases considered by magistrates and district courts. The study was based on the provisions of the Administrative Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, which initially provided no exceptions for this rule. The authors believe that the expansion of the sphere of professional representation requires an analysis of these amendments and existing regulations on professional representation from the point of view of constitutional right to judicial protection and the right to receive qualified legal assistance. A certificate of higher legal education or an academic degree in a legal specialty does not always indicate the level of professionalism. A professional representative should also have positive practical experience, as well as strive for professional development. The authors assessed the classification of cases that require a professional representative. In this article, they criticize the current monopoly of lawyers on representation in civil court and argue the uselessness of establishing the education and qualification of a representative in its current form. The professionalization of the institution of legal professional representation is possible only under the conditions of the evolutionary development of procedural relations and the imperative consolidation of the rules of a competitive professional process.
Variability of naturally occurring fluoride in diverse community drinking-water sources, Tanna Island, Vanuatu
Authors: Webb Elizabeth , Stewart Carol , Sami Erie , Kelsey Samuel , Fairbairn Dunlop Peggy , Dennison Elaine
Published: May 2021

Large variations in fluoride concentrations exist in natural waters, many of which are the source of community drinking-water supplies. Determining fluoride concentrations in community drinking waters can be challenging in developing Pacific countries such as Vanuatu that have limited laboratory capacity. Knowledge of naturally elevated fluoride concentrations that cause irreversible, adverse health outcomes may allow communities the opportunity to treat and manage their drinking-water supplies. Community drinking-water samples (n = 69), sourced from groundwaters, roof catchment rainwaters, surface waters and springs, were sampled on Tanna Island, Vanuatu between 2017 and 2020. In an 18 km2 area of Western Tanna, a set of 30 groundwater-based drinking-water samples had a median fluoride concentration of 3.3 mg/L, with 20 samples >1.5 mg/L and seven samples >4.0 mg/L. These concentrations increase the risk of dental and skeletal fluorosis, respectively. Repeat resampling at five sites showed little variation over the sampling period. Rainwater-fed drinking-water supplies were lower overall and highly variable in fluoride concentrations (<0.05–4.0 mg/L, median of 0.53 mg/L), with variable inputs from volcanic emissions from Yasur volcano. We recommend a comprehensive oral health and bone health study for the whole island to determine adverse health effects of excess fluoride in this vulnerable population.
Fe-based layered double hydroxides for removing arsenic from water: sorption–desorption–regeneration
Authors: Türk Tuğba , Boyraz Taha , Alp İbrahim
Published: May 2021

Since the presence of arsenic in the waters of the world causes serious health effects on people, it is very important to remove it. Layered double hydroxides have a high surface area and high anion exchange capacity, and because of this feature, it is a potential adsorbent to remove arsenic. For regeneration and reuse of adsorbents, researchers in some limited studies have used agents such as acids and alkalis. Media replacement accounts for approximately 80% of the total operational and maintenance costs. In this paper, an adsorption/desorption/regeneration study was carried out with MgFeHT to determine the desorption properties of the adsorbent and to examine its reusability. The best alkaline desorption solution was determined from two different alkaline solutions: NaOH and KH2PO4. As(V) adsorption capacity of the MgFeHT at different pH (3–12) using the arsenic aqueous solution (with 2,000 μg As(V)/L) was evaluated. For the adsorption process, the experimental data are fitted well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model. Moreover, the concentration of 2,000 μg/L arsenic was reduced to below the legal limit determined by the WHO (<10 μg/L). The regeneration studies were conducted on the adsorptive media used in the arsenic removal system. The regeneration efficiency of As(V) was maintained 98.5% for four regeneration cycles using 0.5 M NaOH. MgFeHT was successfully regenerated with an aqueous solution of NaOH and was reused with a small loss of sorption efficiency.
ANA?LISIS DE LA COMUNICACIO?N GRUPAL: UN AN?O DE EXPERIENCIA CON UN GRUPO TERAPE?UTICO DE AYUDA INTERACTIVA
Authors: Roustan Marina
Published: May 2021

La ayuda interactiva grupal basada en la comunicacio?n y sustentada en la combinacio?n de los ejes de trabajo anali?tico, formativo y de ayuda social, esta? entendida como la voluntad y el intere?s en querer ayudar y ser ayudado, con el objetivo de explotar la capacidad propia para desplegar perspectivas de futuro resilientes acordes a los deseos propios. Este arti?culo presenta un modelo de implicacio?n pra?ctica que deriva de una investigacio?n empi?rica realizada con la metodologi?a observacional, que describe y analiza la evolucio?n de un grupo de tarea y relacio?n como caso u?nico, a lo largo de un an?o de tratamiento.
Palabras clave: Ana?lisis de la comunicacio?n, Ayuda interactiva, Grupo de comunicacio?n, Psicologi?a psico-educativa.
Abstract
The group interactive help based on communication and supported by the combination of analytical, educational and welfare-work axes, is understood as the willingness and interest in wanting to help and be helped, with the aim of exploiting one’s ability to deploy prospects commensurate with one’s own desires resilient future. is article presents a model of the practical implication that derives from empirical research with observational methodology, describes and analyzes the evolution of task and relationship group as a unique case, over one year of treatment.
Keywords: Communication analysis, Interactive support, Group communication, Psycho-educational psychology. 
Resumo
A ajuda interativa em grupo fundamentada na comunicac?a?o e apoiado pela combinac?a?o dos eixos de trabalho anali?tico, formativo e apoio social, e? entendida como a vontade e interesse em querer ajudar e ser ajudado, a m de explorar a capacidade de implantar perspectivas proporcionais pro?prios desejos de um futuro resistente. Este artigo apresenta um modelo de implicac?a?o pra?tica derivada da pesquisa empi?rica com a metodologia de observac?a?o que descreve e analisa a evoluc?a?o de um grupo de tarefa e relacionamento como um caso u?nico ao longo de um ano de tratamento.
Palavras chaves: Ana?lise de comunicac?a?o, suporte interativo, comunicac?a?o em grupo, psicologia psico-educacional.
DECOLONIZAR Y QUEEREZAR LO DOCENTE: REPENSANDO EL DISCURSO CURRICULAR DE LA FORMACIO?N DOCENTE
Authors: Gómez Cuevas Héctor , Núñez Salazar Isabel Margarita , Murillo Muñoz Fernando
Published: May 2021

El presente arti?culo de re exio?n, se situ?a desde un pensamiento postcolonial en dia?logo con lo queer, que invita a repensar las pra?cticas discursivas en torno al curriculum de la formacio?n docente, pregunta?ndose entre otras cosas ¿de do?nde provienen?, ¿que? les da esa legitimidad?, ¿que? efectos producen?, con el n de problematizar de que? manera el curri?culum de formacio?n docente es responsable de signi car, apropiar y reproducir con guraciones identitarias, y formas de pensamiento que disciplinan y posibilitan modalidades diversas de proyectos vitales a trave?s de la accio?n formativa.
Palabras clave: Decolonial, Queer, Discurso, Curriculo, Formacio?n Docente.
Abstract
The following reflective essay is situated within a postcolonial perspective in dialogue with queer theory, inviting to rethink the discursive practices around the curriculum of teacher education, asking - among other things- Where do these discourses and practices come from?, What gives them legitimacy?, What affects do they have?, as a way to problematize the ways in which the curriculum of teacher education is responsible of signifying, appropriating and reproducing identitarian configurations, as well as ways of thinking that discipline and allow for certain modalities of life projects through their formative action.
Keywords: Decoloniality, Queer, Discourse, Curriculum, Teacher Education
Resumo
Este artigo re exa?o, e? localizado a partir de um pensamento po?s-colonial em dia?logo com o quer, convidando-o a repensar as pra?ticas discursivas do curri?culo de formac?a?o de professores, entre outras coisas perguntando de onde ele vir?, o que lhes da? a legitimidade?, qual e? o impacto?, a m de problematizar como o curri?culo da formac?a?o de professores e? responsa?vel de significar, apropriar e reproduzir con gurac?o?es identita?rias e formas de pensamento que disciplinam e permitir va?rias formas de projectos vitais atrave?s da formac?a?o.
Palavras-chave: descolonial, Queer, Discurso, curri?culo, formac?a?o de professores.
LA CIUDADANI?A COMO CONDICIO?N HUMANA
Authors: Vélez Vélez Jesús Andrés
Published: May 2021

Este arti?culo despue?s de hacer un rastreo sobre los diferentes procesos de con guracio?n de la “ciudadani?a” en relacio?n a las necesidades histo?ricas de cada contexto cultural, hace un ana?lisis situado en el Estado particular llamado Colombia, en el cual se promueve una ciudadani?a poli?tica, es decir, se hace alusio?n a un marco juri?dico para fomentar las formas como se deben establecer las relaciones con los otros para favorecer las dina?micas de consolidacio?n de los gobiernos de turno. A partir de lo anterior se hace una re exio?n sobre la necesidad de replantear la ciudadani?a como condicio?n humana, en la cual se potencien en los individuos sus elementos tanto sociales como culturales.
Palabras clave: Ciudadani?a, Ciudadano, Humano, Educacio?n, Participacio?n.
Abstract
Just a er examining the different process of the meaning of “citizenship” related to the historical needs of each context, this article analyses Colombia as an state in which it is promoted a political citizenship, which means that it uses a juridical statement to promote the ways in which the relations with the others must be made in order to support the consolidation dynamical relations about the (current) government. Over it, that is made thinking about the necessity to rethink citizenship as a human condition, in which the individuals and their social and cultural elements must be potentially developed.
Keywords: Citizenship, Citizen, Human, Education, Participation.
Resumo
Apo?s realizar um rastreamento sobre os diferentes processos de con gurac?a?o da “cidadania” em relac?a?o a?s necessidades histo?ricas de cada contexto cultural, o presente artigo faz uma ana?lise da Colo?mbia como Estado, na qual se promove uma cidadania poli?tica, isto e?, referese a um marco juri?dico para promover formas de estabelecimento das relac?o?es com os outros para promover as dina?micas de consolidac?a?o dos governos. A partir do exposto, fazse uma re exa?o da necessidade de repensar a cidadania como condic?a?o humana, na qual se potenciam nos indivi?duos elementos tanto sociais como culturais.
Palavras-chave: Cidadania, Cidada?o, Humano, Educac?a?o, Participac?a?o.
PRINCIPIOS, HABILIDADES Y VIRTUDES PARA EL CONCILIADOR EN DERECHO
Authors: Arboleda López Adriana Patricia , Garcés Giraldo Luis Fernando , Murillo Bocanegra J. Eduardo , Pineda Carreño Mariangélica
Published: May 2021

La conciliacio?n, como una actividad exclusiva del abogado, respecto de los centros de conciliacio?n privados, se constituye en un campo de accio?n ampliamente explorado por este tipo de profesionales, previo el cumplimiento de unos requisitos de formacio?n en dicha a?rea; sin embargo, no todo el que se forma como conciliador lo es en estricto sentido. El conciliador, adicional a la formacio?n legal, requiere de calidades y habilidades especiales, entre las que se resaltan el tener una mentalidad preparada, abierta y responsable, con capacidad para manejar todo tipo de problemas y transformarlos en pequen?as diferencias que lo lleven a determinar el origen del conflicto que se le presenta, asi? como la forma de generar con anza en las partes, sin herir susceptibilidades, adema?s de implementar estrategias de arreglo no solo desde el aspecto legal, sino desde el origen mismo del conflicto, y del sentir y querer de cada parte involucrada.
Palabras clave: Mediacio?n interdisciplinar, MASC.
Abstract
The conciliation, as an exclusive activity of the lawyer, on private conciliation centers, constitutes a field of action quite exploited by these professionals, under certain training requirements in that area; however, not everyone who is trained as a conciliator is one. The conciliator, in addition to juridical training, requires special qualities and abilities, among which one must have a prepared, open and responsible mentality, capable of dealing with all kinds of problems and transform them into small differences that lead him to determine the origin of the conflict, as well as how to get trust in the parties without harming the susceptibilities, and implement strategies of agreement not only from the legal point of view, but from the origin of the conflict, and the feelings and emotions of each party Involved.
Keywords: Interdisciplinary Mediation, MASC.
Resumo
A conciliac?a?o, como uma atividade exclusiva do advogado, sobre centros de conciliac?a?o privados, constituise um campo de ac?a?o bastante explorado por esses proffessionais, desde que cumpram com certos requisitos de formac?a?o na referida a?rea; no entanto, nem todo mundo que e? formado como um conciliador o e? estritamente. O conciliador, adicional a? formac?a?o juri?dica, exige qualidades e habilidades especiais, entre os quais se destacam ter uma mentalidade preparada, aberta e responsa?vel, capaz de lidar com todos os tipos de problemas e transforma?los em pequenas diferenc?as que o levem a determinar a origem do con ito que se apresenta, bem como a forma de construir a con anc?a nas partes sem ferir as susceptibilidades, ale?m de implementar estrate?gias de acordo na?o so? desde o aspecto legal, mas desde a origem do conflito, e do sentir e querer de cada parte envolvida.
Palavras-chave: Interdisciplinar de Mediac?a?o, MASC.
BREVES CONSIDERACIONES ACERCA DEL ATERRIZAJE DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL DERECHO Y SU INFLUENCIA EN LA REALIZACIO?N DE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES
Authors: Torres Manrique Jorge Isaac
Published: May 2021

La inteligencia artificial viene irrumpiendo preponderantemente en estos tiempos, y lo hace de manera agresiva como contundente, en todas las a?reas del saber humano. En el presente trabajo de investigacio?n, el objetivo de esta entrega, es poder determinar hasta que? punto, es factible el posicionamiento y en su caso, el reemplazo de la misma en los predios del derecho. La metodologi?a empleada fue de cara?cter bibliogra? co anali?tico y para dichos efectos se considera al Derecho, de manera gene?rica, en tanto que lo que este estudio busca es delimitar dicho sentido, ya sea en el campo del ejercicio abogadil, en el a?rea judicial, asi? como, en las diversas facetas del a?mbito del derecho. Se ha llegado a determinar, que, si bien existen grandes avances de la aplicacio?n de la inteligencia arti cial en el derecho, la misma aun no consigue suplir a la capacidad humana, en el presente caso, del abogado.

Palabras clave: Inteligencia artificial, Derecho y tecnologi?a, Computarizacio?n juri?dica, Sistemas juri?dicos expertos, Ingeniero legal, Tecnologista legal, Hi?brido legal.

Abstract

the artificial intelligence comes bursting preponderantemente in these times, and it does it of aggressive way as forceful, in all the areas of the human knowledge. e objective of this delivery, is to be able to determine to what extent, it is feasible the positioning and, where appropriate, the replacement of the same in the properties of the right. We point out, the Law, in a generic way, while what this study seeks to delimit this sense, whether in the field of advocacy, in the judicial area, as well as in the various facets of the law.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Law and technology, Legal computerization, Expert legal systems, Legal knowledge engineer, Legal technologist, Legal hybrid.

Resumo

A intelige?ncia arti cial vem estourando preponderantemente nestes tempos, e faz isso de maneira agressiva ta?o vigorosa, em todas as a?reas do conhecimento humano. O objetivo desta entrega e? determinar em que medida, e? possi?vel o posicionamento e, se for caso disso, a substituic?a?o do mesmo nas propriedades da direita. No?s ressaltamos, a Direito, de forma gene?rica, enquanto o que este estudo busca delimitar esse sentido, seja no campo da pra?tica legal, na a?rea judicial, bem como nas diversas facetas da lei.

Palavras-chaves: Intelige?ncia artificial, Direito e tecnologia, Informatizac?a?o legal, Sistemas juri?dicos especializados, Engenheiro juri?dico, Tecno?logo juri?dico, Hi?brido legal.
Aprovechamiento de las galerías filtrantes de la Presa la Esperanza para el abastecimiento de la Parroquia Quiroga
Authors: Monge Marlon , Moreira Moreira Diego Damian , Álvarez Sánchez Ana Ruth , Ramos Remache Rommel Arturo
Published: May 2021

El servicio de agua potable de la parroquia Quiroga tiene inconvenientes, debido a que el agua que utilizan para el tratamiento presenta riesgos de contaminación, altos niveles de turbiedad lo que provoca un gran retraso en el proceso de potabilización. El objetivo del proyecto consistió en la captación de agua cruda y de su conducción hasta la planta de tratamiento, el lugar escogido para la captación está a 1500 m de la parroquia Quiroga dentro de los predios de la presa La Esperanza. Se debe indicar que los embalses tienen un sistema de evacuación del exceso de agua dentro del muro principal, llamadas galerías filtrantes. Las variables que se midieron fueron las hidráulicas. Encontrando un caudal en estas galerías de aproximadamente 10 L/s que podrían abastecer de agua sin interrupción proyectando a la parroquia Quiroga a una población futura de 2358 habitantes proyectado a 20 años, el caudal medio diario (Qmd) fue de 3 L/s. El caudal máximo diario (QMD) fue de 4.50 L/s, el Caudal máximo de horario (QMH) fue de 6 L/s.  El volumen de almacenamiento nos arrojó una cantidad de 195 m^3. El caudal de la fuente fue de 9.01 L/s.  El caudal de la captación fue de 5.40 L/s.  El caudal de la conducción fue de 4.95 L/s.  La Planta de tratamiento podrá abastecer 4.95 L/s. El estudio comprende todos los procesos de captación, conducción e interconexión con la planta de tratamiento existente para la cual se realizaron los cálculos hidráulicos necesarios basados en las normas.
Performance of a Mobile Single-Lead Electrocardiogram Technology for Atrial Fibrillation Screening in a Semirural African Population: Insights From “The Heart of Ethiopia: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation” (TEFF-AF) Study
Authors: Pitman Bradley M , Chew Sok-Hui , Wong Christopher X , Jaghoori Amenah , Iwai Shinsuke , Thomas Gijo , Chew Andrew , Sanders Prashanthan , Lau Dennis H
Published: May 2021

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) screening using mobile single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) devices has demonstrated variable sensitivity and specificity. However, limited data exists on the use of such devices in low-resource countries.

Objective

The goal of the research was to evaluate the utility of the KardiaMobile device’s (AliveCor Inc) automated algorithm for AF screening in a semirural Ethiopian population.

Methods

Analysis was performed on 30-second single-lead ECG tracings obtained using the KardiaMobile device from 1500 TEFF-AF (The Heart of Ethiopia: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation) study participants. We evaluated the performance of the KardiaMobile automated algorithm against cardiologists’ interpretations of 30-second single-lead ECG for AF screening.

Results

A total of 1709 single-lead ECG tracings (including repeat tracing on 209 occasions) were analyzed from 1500 Ethiopians (63.53% [953/1500] male, mean age 35 [SD 13] years) who presented for AF screening. Initial successful rhythm decision (normal or possible AF) with one single-lead ECG tracing was lower with the KardiaMobile automated algorithm versus manual verification by cardiologists (1176/1500, 78.40%, vs 1455/1500, 97.00%; P<.001). Repeat single-lead ECG tracings in 209 individuals improved overall rhythm decision, but the KardiaMobile automated algorithm remained inferior (1301/1500, 86.73%, vs 1479/1500, 98.60%; P<.001). The key reasons underlying unsuccessful KardiaMobile automated rhythm determination include poor quality/noisy tracings (214/408, 52.45%), frequent ectopy (22/408, 5.39%), and tachycardia (>100 bpm; 167/408, 40.93%). The sensitivity and specificity of rhythm decision using KardiaMobile automated algorithm were 80.27% (1168/1455) and 82.22% (37/45), respectively.

Conclusions

The performance of the KardiaMobile automated algorithm was suboptimal when used for AF screening. However, the KardiaMobile single-lead ECG device remains an excellent AF screening tool with appropriate clinician input and repeat tracing.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001107112; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378057&isReview=true
Coping Styles for Mediating the Effect of Resilience on Depression Among Medical Students in Web-Based Classes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Zhao Lina , Sznajder Kristin , Cheng Dan , Wang Shimeng , Cui Can , Yang Xiaoshi
Published: May 2021

Background

Due to strict, nationwide, comprehensive COVID-19 protective measures, including home quarantine, all Chinese medical students began taking web-based classes beginning in the spring semester of 2020. Home quarantine, web-based classes, and the stress surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may have triggered an increased incidence of mental health problems among medical students. Although there have been increasing amounts of literature on depression among medical students, studies focusing on positive psychological resources, such as resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, still need to be expanded.

Objective

This study aims to assess depression among medical students who are taking web-based classes during the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate the role of coping styles as mediators between resilience and depression.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 666 medical students involving stratified sampling in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China, was completed between March 20 and April 10, 2020. The participants responded to a self-administered, smartphone-based questionnaire, which included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and Ego Resilience 89 Scale. Hierarchical linear regression and structural equation modeling were used in this study.

Results

The prevalence of depression among the participants was 9.6% (64/666) in this study. The regression analysis revealed that grade (the year in which the medical student was in training) (P=.013), how well students adapted to web-based classes (P<.001), their levels of resilience (P=.04), and their coping styles were independent predictors for depression (P<.001). Resilience and positive coping styles were negatively related to depression (resilience: P=.04; positive coping styles: P<.001), and negative coping styles were positively related to depression (P<.001). The structural equation modeling analysis showed that the effect of resilience on depression was partially mediated by coping styles (P=.007).

Conclusions

In this study, it was found that the prevalence of depression was slightly low and coping styles mediated the association between resilience and depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have significant implications for future studies. Future studies and interventions should aim to improve resilience and promote positive coping styles.
Patient-Reported Outcomes From Patients With Heart Failure Participating in the Future Patient Telerehabilitation Program: Data From the Intervention Arm of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Skov Schacksen Cathrine , Dyrvig Anne-Kirstine , Henneberg Nanna Celina , Dam Gade Josefine , Spindler Helle , Refsgaard Jens , Hollingdal Malene , Dittman Lars , Dremstrup Kim , Dinesen Birthe
Published: May 2021

Background

More than 37 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with heart failure, which is a growing burden on the health sector. Cardiac rehabilitation aims to improve patients’ recovery, functional capacity, psychosocial well-being, and health-related quality of life. However, cardiac rehabilitation programs have poor compliance and adherence. Telerehabilitation may be a solution to overcome some of these challenges to cardiac rehabilitation by making it more individualized. As part of the Future Patient Telerehabilitation program, a digital toolbox aimed at enabling patients with heart failure to monitor and evaluate their own current status has been developed and tested using data from a patient-reported outcome questionnaire that the patient filled in every alternate week for 1 year.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in quality of life and well-being among patients with heart failure, who are participants in the Future Patient Telerehabilitation program over the course of 1 year.

Methods

In total, 140 patients were enrolled in the Future Patient Telerehabilitation program and randomized into either the telerehabilitation group (n=70) or the control group (n=70). Of the 70 patients in the telerehabilitation group, 56 (80.0%) answered the patient-reported outcome questionnaire and completed the program, and these 56 patients comprised the study population. The patient-reported outcomes consisted of three components: (1) questions regarding the patients’ sleep patterns assessed using the Spiegel Sleep Questionnaire; (2) measurements of physical limitations, symptoms, self-efficacy, social interaction, and quality of life assessed using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in 10 dimensions; and (3) 5 additional questions regarding psychological well-being that were developed by the research group.

Results

The changes in scores during 1 year of the study were examined using 1-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. There were significant differences in the scores for most of the slopes of the scores from the dimensions of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (P<.05).

Conclusions

There was a significant increase in clinical and social well-being and quality of life during the 1-year period of participating in a telerehabilitation program. These results suggest that patient-reported outcome questionnaires may be used as a tool for patients in a telerehabilitation program that can both monitor and guide patients in mastering their own symptoms.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03388918; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03388918
Social Media as a Platform for Recruitment to a National Survey During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Feasibility and Cost Analysis
Authors: Green Heidi , Fernandez Ritin , MacPhail Catherine
Published: May 2021

Background

With improved accessibility to social media globally, health researchers are capitalizing on social media platforms to recruit participants for research studies. This has particularly been the case during the COVID-19 pandemic, when researchers were not able to use traditional methods of recruitment. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence on the feasibility of social media for recruiting a national sample.

Objective

This paper describes the use of social media as a tool for recruiting a national sample of adults to a web-based survey during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Between August and October 2020, participants were recruited through Facebook via two advertisement campaigns (paid option and no-cost option) into a web-based survey exploring the relationship between social determinants of health and well-being of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Facebook metrics that were autogenerated by Facebook Ads Manager. Poststratification weights were calculated to match the Australian population on the basis of gender, age, and state or territory based on the 2016 Australian census data.

Results

In total, 9594 people were reached nationally with the paid option and potentially 902,000 people were reached through the no-cost option, resulting in a total of 1211 survey responses. The total cost of the advertisement campaign was Aus $649.66 (US $489.23), resulting in an overall cost per click of Aus $0.25 (US $0.19).

Conclusions

Facebook is a feasible and cost-effective method of recruiting participants for a web-based survey, enabling recruitment of population groups that are considered hard to reach or marginalized. Recruitment through Facebook facilitated diversity, with participants varying in socioeconomic status, geographical location, educational attainment, and age.
Utilizing Health Behavior Change and Technology Acceptance Models to Predict the Adoption of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tomczyk Samuel , Barth Simon , Schmidt Silke , Muehlan Holger
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

To combat the global COVID-19 pandemic, contact tracing apps have been discussed as digital health solutions to track infection chains and provide appropriate information. However, observational studies point to low acceptance in most countries, and few studies have yet examined theory-based predictors of app use in the general population to guide health communication efforts.

OBJECTIVE

This study utilizes established health behavior change and technology acceptance models to predict adoption intentions and frequency of current app use.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional online survey between May and July 2020 in a German convenience sample (N=349; mean age 35.62 years; n=226, 65.3% female). To inspect the incremental validity of model constructs as well as additional variables (privacy concerns, personalization), hierarchical regression models were applied, controlling for covariates.

RESULTS

The theory of planned behavior and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology predicted adoption intentions (R2=56%-63%) and frequency of current app use (R2=33%-37%). A combined model only marginally increased the predictive value by about 5%, but lower privacy concerns and higher threat appraisals (ie, anticipatory anxiety) significantly predicted app use when included as additional variables. Moreover, the impact of perceived usefulness was positive for adoption intentions but negative for frequency of current app use.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified several theory-based predictors of contact tracing app use. However, few constructs, such as social norms, have a consistent positive effect across models and outcomes. Further research is required to replicate these observations, and to examine the interconnectedness of these constructs and their impact throughout the pandemic. Nevertheless, the findings suggest that promulgating affirmative social norms and positive emotional effects of app use, as well as addressing health concerns, might be promising strategies to foster adoption intentions and app use in the general population.

CLINICALTRIAL
Association of Statin Therapy Strategies and Outcome in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage :An Bayesian Network Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhong Shiyu , Jing Huiquan , Zhai Qingqing , Wang Tingzhong , Shi Xin , Bao Yijun
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

The exacerbation of neurological outcome is critical in aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Statin has been used to treat patents with aSAH, however, the conventional meta-analyses in the previous studies have shown the inconsistent results for efficacy of statin on these patients.

OBJECTIVE

In clinical applications, the dosage and type of statins are varied, and their effects need to be further verified. Therefore, we compared the prognostic effects of different dosages and types of statins commonly used in clinical practice on aSAH with Bayesian network meta analysis.

METHODS

The databases of PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched until January 27, 2021. The primary outcome was the favorable outcome of statin treatment after aSAH. Secondary outcomes included mortality and recurrent stroke.

RESULTS

Fourteen studies, including a combined total of 2591 patients, were included for systematic review and Bayesian network analysis. In patients with aSAH, statins were more efficacious than placebos with respect to short-term favorable outcome (OR, 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–0.93), The use of statins significantly reduced the morbidity of ischemic stroke compared with placebo (OR, 0.5; 95% CI, 0.35–0.71). For all-cause recurrence strokes, statins effected a significant reduction compared with controls (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43–0.82). No statistically significant effect was observed with respect to death (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.79–1.47). Pravastatin (40 mg/day) is suggested to be efficient in preventing recurrent stroke. (OR, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.02–0.71).

CONCLUSIONS

Statin significantly reduced the incidence of ischemic stroke and overall stroke in patients with aSAH. Moreover, statin therapy improved short-term outcome (≤ 3 months). In all probability pravastatin (40 mg/day) is superior to other types and dosages of statin in the prevention of recurrent stroke.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020219234.