bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Scarcity in Brazil: A Case Study
Authors: Slater Denise
Published: May 2021

Between 2012 and 2015, Brazil experienced one of the worst droughts in its history. A combination of natural and human-made causes—including climate change, environmental degradation, poor urban planning, a lack of maintenance of existing infrastructure, corruption, and the mismanagement of water resources—contributed to a growing water crisis. This article will focus on the effects of both the drought and the subsequent water crisis on the vast metropolitan area of the city of São Paulo, illustrating how both natural and human factors combined to create a crisis in Brazil’s largest city.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK PERGURUAN ADVENT CIMINDI BERBASIS WEB DENGAN SMS GATEWAY
Authors: Simanjuntak Adi Syaputra
Published: May 2021

Sistem informasi dalam suatu sekolah sangatlah dibutuhkan dalam penyimpanan data dan mengirim suatu laporan kepada orangtua. Perguruan advent cimindi merupakan sekolah dengan standar nasional dan juga memiliki ratusan siswa di dalamnya. Pendataan akademik dengan jumlah sebanyak itu dan keinginan dari orangtua agar dapat menerima informasi tentang anak nya di sekolah mungkin dari sekolah kesulitan untuk menjalankan tugas-tugasnya.

Sistem informasi akademik perguruan advent cimindi berbasis web dengan sms gateway merupakan sistem informasi yang menyediakan pengolahan data akademik siswa perguruan advent cimindi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat sebuah sistem pengolahan data siswa dan pengiriman informasi siswa kepada orangtua melaui sms dari sistem. Sistem informasi ini dibuat dengan framework Laravel. Dari penelitian ini dihasilkan fitur yang dapat membantu dalam pengolahan data siswa seperti menginput nilai siswa, menginput absen siswa, menginput laporan pembayaran uang sekolah dan mengirim informasi kepada orangtua. Kedepannya fitur ini diharapkan dapat dikembangkan sehubungan dengan transaksi seperti keuangan siswa.
Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Nilai Akhir Siswa SMA Secara Umum Menggunakan Metode Data Mining (Decision Tree)
Authors: Simarmata Raja , Samuel Yusran Timur
Published: May 2021

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi saat ini digunakan oleh seluruh kalangan usia. Penggunaan gadget di kalangan remaja saat ini sungguh ramai dan tentunya akan mempengaruhi sikap belajar dan nilai akhir mereka. Data mining merupakan sebuah metode pengolahan data berjumlah besar untuk mencari informasi dari data tersebut. ID3 merupakah sebuah algoritma data mining yang menggunakan metode entropy. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa gadget tidak mempengaruhi nilai akhir dari siswa SMA secara umum.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Moringa Oleifera terhadap Mean Platelet Volume dan Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio pada Pasien Autoimun
Authors: Prabowo Nurhasan Agung , Nurudhin Arief
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak MO terhadap MVP dan NLR pada pasien autoimun. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental yang dilakukan pada 30 pasien autoimun yang terdiri dari 28 pasien lupus dan 2 pasien rheumatoid arthritis di Poliklinik Reumatologi RSUD Moewardi pada Januari-Juli 2020. Pasien dikelompokkan menjadi dua, yaitu kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Pasien kelompok perlakuan mendapat 2gram ekstrak MO per hari, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol mendapat plasebo. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 4 minggu, Pemeriksaan MPV dan NLR menggunakan haemositometer. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji-T berpasangan dan uji-T independen. Nilai p dianggap signifikan ketika p <0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MO menurunkan MPV (delta MPV = 4.141; r = 0.656; p = 0.02) dan NLR (delta NLR = 4.1391; r 0.489; p-value = 0.04). dapat disimpulkan MO menurunkan MPV dan NLR pada pasien autoimun.
Avaliação de simuladores aplicados à síntese de tecidos junto a alunos de Medicina Veterinária
Authors: Zoppa Aline Machado de , Barbosa Andrea , Lousana Greyce , Sodré Thais
Published: May 2021

O presente estudo avaliou a efetividade de simulador de sutura de silicone frente ao modelo usual em feltro e bastidor no desenvolvimento da habilidade em síntese cirúrgica. Vinte e seis alunos de medicina veterinária, sem vivência cirúrgica, foram distribuídos em dois grupos: o primeiro utilizou modelo de simulador em silicone e o segundo o simulador em bastidor e feltro. Em três encontros foram abordados conceitos sobre síntese, tipos de sutura e treinamento prático. Para avaliar sua experiência e percepções os alunos responderam a um questionário e foram avaliados pelos professores na confecção dos padrões de sutura. Na avaliação do questionário, o simulador em silicone foi superior em 7 das 10 questões. Na avaliação dos docentes, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Concluímos que ambos os modelos foram efetivos no desenvolvimento da habilidade cirúrgica, porém, a aceitabilidade dos alunos foi superior no modelo inovador.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS REPORT MELALUI WRITING PROCESS PADA SISWA KELAS IX-G SMP NEGERI 1 PATI (ENHANCING STUDENTSâ€™ ABILITY TO WRITE A REPORT TEXT THROUGH WRITING PROCESS IN CLASS IX-G SMP NEGERI 1 PATI)
Authors: Rusmi Rusmi
Published: May 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran menulis dan kemampuan menulis teks report pada siswa kelas IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati melalui writing process. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus melalui writing process yang terdiri atas 5 tahapan proses menulis, yaitu: pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing dan publishing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran menulis teks report melalui writing process mengalami peningkatan rata-rata skor dari 1,88 pada siklus I menjadi 2,70 pada siklus II. Sementara itu, hasil belajar menulis teks report menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata nilai dari 71,96 pada kondisi awal menjadi 75,00 pada siklus I dan 81,07 pada siklus II. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran dan kemampuan menulis teks report melalui writing process pada siswa kelas IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati meningkat. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa proses pembelajaran melalui writing process dapat berjalan efektif dengan kategori B (baik) dan kemampuan menulis teks report pada siswa kelas IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati dapat ditingkatkan melalui writing process.Â Â This study aims to improve the learning process of writing and the ability to write a report text in class IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati through writing process. The study was conducted in two cycles through the writing process which consists of 5 stages of the writing process, namely: pre-writing, drafting, revising, editing and publishing. The observation of the learning process showed that the process of learning to write report text through writing process increased with an average score of 1.88 in the ï¬ rst cycle to 2.70 in the second cycle. While the learning outcomes in learning to write a report text showed an increasing in the average value of 71.96 in the initial conditions into 75.00 in the ï¬ rst cycle and 81.07 in the second cycle. It showed that the learning process and writing skills through the writing process of report text in class IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati increased. Based on these results, it was concluded that the learning process through the writing process could run effectively with the category B (good) and the ability to write a report text in class IX-G SMP Negeri 1 Pati could be enhanced through writing process.
PENERJEMAHAN NAMA TOKOH KARYA SASTRA ANAK KE DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA (THE TRANSLATION OF CHARACTERâ€™S NAME IN CHILDRENâ€™S LITERATURE INTO INDONESIAN)
Authors: Kuncara Singgih Daru
Published: May 2021

Makalah ini mendiskusikan penerjemahan nama dalam karya sastra anak. Keunikan penerjemahan untuk anak-anak adalah penerjemah fokus pada pembaca sasaran. Objek penelitian pada tulisan ini adalah nama karakter dalam cerita Walt Disney. Teknik penerjemahan nama yang digunakan adalah peminjaman murni, peminjaman alamiah, harfi ah, dan adaptasi. Penerapan teknik adaptasi sebaiknya diminimalkan karena cenderung melanggar keinginan penulis karya sastra untuk memberikan nama yang bermakna pada karakter tertentu. Selain itu, pengurangan teknik adaptasi dapat membantu anak-anak agar memahami budaya lain.Â This paper discusses translation of personal name in childrenâ€™s literature. The uniqueness of translating for children is that the translator is concerned with the target readers. The object of this paper is characterâ€™s name in Walt Disney stories. Techniques in translating names are pure borrowing, naturalized borrowing, literal translation, and adaptation. Adaptation technique should be minimized because it tends to violate the authorâ€™s intention to give a meaningful name to a certain character name. Reducing adaptation technique also helps the children to respect and know about other cultures.
Improvement in CT findings and Inflammatory Parameters during Recovery in a Covid-19 patient: A Case Report
Authors: Yasin Kilic  , Hakan Usta  , Ferhat Borulu  , Bilgehan Erkut
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 infection from China has turned into a worldwide epidemic and the early diagnosis, control and limitation of the disease plays an important role in affecting the health systems of the world countries and the prognosis related to patients. In COVID-19 patients, the first 2 weeks is usually a viral and inflammatory process. In these patients, after the deterioration in radiological and inflammatory markers occurs, the recovery period begins in the 3rd week and after. In this case report, we presented the changes in the radiological and inflammatory parameters during the recovery phase of the disease stage parameters in a 44-year-old man COVID-19 disease patient who was followed up by the cardiovascular surgery clinic due to deep venous insufficiency.

Keyword: Covid-19 Infections; Inflammatory Parameter; Lung Involvement; Recovery: Crazy-Paving Pattern
The Effect of Family-Centered Affective Stimulation on Brain-Injured Comatose Patient’s Level of Consciousness Randomized Controlled Trial: A Literature Review
Authors: Agustin Wulandari Rany
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury is one of the most common causes of disability, death and intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization worldwide. Each year an estimated ten million people experience brain injuries. All kinds of stimulation can effectively affect the brain, especially the reticular activation system. The aims to determine the effect of family-centered sensory stimulation by comparing the experimental, placebo and control groups.

Method: This study used a randomized controlled trial involving comatose patients with brain injury. The investigators concluded that 30 patients were needed for each study group. Initially, an allocation protocol was developed using the permutation block randomization technique.

Result: The one-way ANOVA results illustrated that the differences between groups regarding GCS scores on the first day and the second day of the intervention were not statistically significant, whereas on days 3-7, the differences were statistically significant. The results of this study indicate that early family-centered stimulation is more effective than sensory stimulation in correcting LOC among comatose patients with traumatic brain injury.

Conclusion: Family-centered stimulation was effective in improving levels of consciousness among comatose patients from day three to day seven.
Improving Insomnia in Primary Care Patients a Randomized Controlled Trial of Nurse-Led Group Treatment: A Literature Review
Authors: Revai Alwan
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Insomnia is generally defined as complaints of poor or unsatisfactory sleep, which can include difficulty initiating sleep, awakening after sleep onset, poor sleep quality, early morning awakenings, short sleep times, short total sleep times and daytime consequences. Chronic insomnia is a common problem in primary health care, affecting 10 - 19% of those seeking primary care.

Method: Patient is a randomly selected sample of 165 people and divided into 2 groups, namely 90 treatment groups and 75 control groups in seven routine primary health care in Stockholm County, Sweden between August 2011 and June 2014. The intervention to be given was in the treatment group given the intervention consisting of a group treatment program for insomnia based on the CBT-I technique while the control group was free to undergo insomnia treatment as usual.

Result: The formulation of the research problem is to compare how the effect of nurse-led group treatment with the effect of treatment as usual in routine primary health care in Stockholm County, Sweden. In this study, the researcher determined a sample of 165 people who met the research requirements, and divided respondents randomly (single-blinded) consisting of 90 treatment groups and 75 control groups.

Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the treatment of insomnia with cognitive therapy and the treatment of insomnia with drugs. So that we can reduce the long-term effects of using drugs to treat insomnia.
Family Support for Lepers in Olu Village Lindu District Sigi Regency
Authors: Salamung Niswa , Mauruh Chely Veronica , Sari Andi Nur Indah , Metungku Fanny , Muliasi Muliasi
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Leprosy is a type of infectious disease that can cause very complex problems. From the results of interviews with health workers at the Pustu that people with leprosy take medicine at the Pustu every month. The results of observations at the Pustu on 2 leprosy sufferers, one of the patients accompanied by their family to go for treatment and take medicine at the Pustu and 1 patient came alone. The purpose of this study was to know the family support for leprosy sufferers in Olu Village, Lindu District, Sigi Regency.
Method: This type of research is descriptive research. The population in this study were 30 people affected by leprosy in Olu Village. The sample in this study was that the entire population was used as a sample in Olu Village, amounting to 30 people. The sampling method was non-probability sampling with a total sampling approach model.
Result: It shows that out of 30 respondents stated about family support for respondents, more families are supportive (53.3%) than those who are less supportive (46.7%), appreciation and information so that sufferers feel accepted in the midst of family and society and have a great desire for healing.
Conclusion: More supportive than those who are less supportive. appreciation and information so that sufferers feel accepted in the midst of family and society and have a great desire for healing.
Relationship between Lifestyle and Stress with Hypertension among of Communities in Sigi Regency
Authors: Metungku Fanny , Mauruh Chely Veronica , Sari Andi Nur Indah , Salamung Niswa , Uswatun Uswatun
Published: May 2021

Introduction : Hypertension is a condition where a person has increased blood pressure above normal or chronic. Peoplecan feels the serious impact of hypertension when complications have occurred. From the results of interviews with 3 respondents with hypertension, said that in everyday life, the diet that is applied is 3 times a day. As for the food they often consume eggs, salted fish, and coconut milk foods. As for the problem of stress, they don't fully understand about stress, it's just that they say they always have a lot of thoughts, irritability, headaches are caused by economic factors.
Method: This type of research is analytic research with a cross sectional approach . The sample in this study amounted to 37 people. Meanwhile, the sampling technique was purposive sampling.
Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between the style of living with hypertension with a value of p value = 0.041 (> 0.05). There is a relationship between stress and hypertension value p value = 0.045 (> 0.05). From these results, it is suggested that the health center be more active in educating the public about the factors that can trigger hypertension.
Conclusion: local health workers always provide education to the public about the factors that can trigger hypertension
Effect of Early Initiation on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Blindungan Village Blindungan District Bondowoso
Authors: Susilowati Susilowati , Wicaksi Damon
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Mothers who do not provide exclusive and customary breastfeeding to their babies are influenced by several factors such as insufficient breast milk so that the babies often fuss and cry. Exclusive breastfeeding constraints are also due to the provision of food and drinks to the baby before breastfeeding, such as honey and formula milk, and the distrust of mothers in breastfeeding the baby.
Method: The research method used is observational analytic with cross sectional approach to see the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable.
Result: The results of this study were 69 respondents who did Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD), 23 respondents (33.3%) succeeded in giving exclusive breastfeeding, and 18 respondents (26.1%) were unable to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Mothers who did not perform IMD and were able to provide exclusive breastfeeding were 6 respondents (8.7%) and 22 respondents (31.9%) were unable to exclusively breastfeed. This shows that IMD can increase exclusive breastfeeding, while mothers who do not do IMD are at risk of not being able to provide exclusive breastfeeding.
Conclusion: From the results of this study, it is necessary to increase health education about improving the quality of mothers in carrying out IMD and exclusive breastfeeding.
An Exploration of Muhammadu Bukhari’s Socio-Political Cognition through Stylistic Analysis
Authors: Dr. Aisha Farid  , Madiha Saeed  , Dr. Muhammad Sabboor Hussain
Published: May 2021

Political discourse is a recent but increasingly exciting field of study. The political discourse offers much scope for interdisciplinary research. This current study is a stylistic analysis of the Inaugural speech delivered by Nigerian President Muhammadu Bukhari in Abuja on 29th May 2015. The current study aims to signify the role of Stylistics in CDA to unleash socio-political cognition in speeches. This qualitative research owing to its interdisciplinary nature draws on stylistics and critical discourse analysis as well. Teun A. Van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach is used to analyze the mental models underlying linguistic structures made explicit through stylistic analysis. The stylistic analysis is conducted on lexical and grammatical levels, but cohesion and speech acts have also been highlighted in the findings and discussion part. The study explores how stylistic devices are used to create a rhetorical effect and how this effect qualifies for being persuasive. The stylistic analysis reconnoiters the linguistic patterns, and CDA leads to the ideologies that shape these patterns. This study strengthens the belief that both stylistics and critical discourse analysis have great scope and power in revealing discursive practices of hegemony and persuasion.
The Correlation Between Early Breastfeeding Initiation with The Increase of Newborn’s Body Temperature at Rumah Sehat Cinta Mama Clinic of Tebing Tinggi City in 2017
Authors: Gultom Lusiana
Published: May 2021

Abstract

 

Newborn mortality in Indonesia at 5 years ago is concern because neonatal mortality (0-28 days) contributes 59% of infant deaths. To address this, early initiation breastfeeding management in field of maternal and child health is increasingly encouraged in order to reduce newborn mortality. Newborns often suffer decrease in body temperature, this due to inability newborn maintain body temperature, for baby's body temperature to remain normal than early breastfeeding initiation is one effort to keep baby's body warm. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship of early breastfeeding initiation with the increase newborns body temperature in Rumah Sehat Cinta Mama Clinic Tebing Tinggi City 2017.

The method of this research was quasi eksperiment with one group pretest posttest design, using primary data that direct observation to respondent. The sampling technique is total sampling its all pregnant women who have interpretations of the birth date in April - July 2017 of 30 respondents.

The reasult of this research has been showing that of statistic sample pired test which a significant association between early breastfeeding initiation and the increase in body temperature of newborns (? value = 0,000 <0.05).

Expected to the Rumah Sehat Cinta Mama Clinic, especially midwife health personnel to improve the quality and quantity of early breastfeeding initiation and involve the husband or family to support implementation of early breastfeeding initiation so as to reduce the newborn mortality rate and the achievement the target of Infant Baby Mortality Rate which the Ministry of Health has established.
COVID-19: COMPARISON OF SITUATIONAL FACTORS BETWEEN HEALTHCARE WORKERS AND NON-HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN EAST MALAYSIA
Authors: Cheah Phee Kheng , Cheah Phaik Kin , Ongkili Darlene , Osterrieder Anne , Poomchaichote Tassawan , Waithira Naomi , Mukaka Mavuto , Cheah Phaik Yeong
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 is one of the worst global pandemics in the last 20 years caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. To control the pandemic in Malaysia, on 18th March 2020 the government implemented the Movement Control Order (MCO), a non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) under Malaysia’s Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988. Despite a high rate of compliance to the MCO in East Malaysia, a month after its implementation, a new cluster of infections among hospital healthcare workers (HCW) had emerged. This paper reports the early findings of a multinational study involving Malaysia, Thailand, Italy, and the United Kingdom. Our early analysis seeks to understand two main situational factors in the states of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia – testing rates and household composition between HCW and non-healthcare workers (non-HCW). Our results showed that there were higher testing rates and smaller-sized households among HCW when compared to non-HCW workers.
MANAGING PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN A PATIENT WITH POST OP OROPHARYNGEAL CANCER - CHALLENGES FOR FAMILY PHYSICIAN
Authors: Shalihin Mohd Shaiful Ehsan , Harun Zulkifli
Published: May 2021

Oropharyngeal carcinoma is uncommon cancer compared to other malignancies. It accounts for less than 3% worldwide cancer and classified under the head and neck carcinoma. Patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal malignancy are usually treated with surgery with combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This later required regular follow up especially on supportive care and adaptation to swallowing. Difficulty in swallowing provided burden to the patient and may lead to underlying malnutrition and risk of infection including tuberculosis. This will end up with poor compliance to oral treatment and risk of resistance. Therefore, this case study is illustrating the challenging role of family medicine specialists in managing a case of sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis with underlying swallowing difficulty from glossectomy and radiotherapy on top of defaulted tongue carcinoma supportive care follow up.
PHYSICIANS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE, THEIR EXPECTATIONS AND CONCERNS: AN ONLINE MOBILE SURVEY
Authors: Mat reffien Muhammad alimin , Ellyana Mohamad Selamat  , Hanani Nabilah Mohd Sobri  , Mohd Fathulzhafran Mohamed Hanan  , Mohd Ihsanuddin Abas  , Muhammad Faiz Mohd Ishak  , Noor Atika Azit  , Noor Dalila Inche Zainal Abidin  , Nor Hazmi Noor Hassim  , Norain Ahmad  , Sharifah Ain Shameera Syed Rusli  , Sharifah Fazlinda Syed Nor  , Aniza ismail
Published: May 2021

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) is on the rise in the healthcare industry. However, the study on the physicians’ perspectives is still lacking.  The study aimed to examine physicians’ attitudes, expectations, and concerns regarding the application of AI in medicine. A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2019 among physicians in a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. The survey used a validated questionnaire from the literature, which covered: (1) socio-demographic profile; (2) attitude towards the application of AI; (3) expected application in medicine; and (4) possible risks of using AI. Comparison of the mean score between the groups using a t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A total of 112 physicians participated in the study: 64.3% from the clinical departments; 35.7% from the non-clinical specialties. The physicians from non-clinical departments had significantly higher mean attitude score (mean = 14.94 ± 3.12) compared to the clinical (person-oriented) departments (mean = 14.13 ± 3.10) and clinical (technique-oriented) departments (mean = 13.06 ± 2.88) (p = 0.033). The tech-savvy participants had a significantly higher mean attitude score (mean = 14.72 ± 3.55) than the non–tech-savvy participants (mean = 13.21 ± 2.46) (p = 0.01). There are differences in the expectations among the respondents and some concerns exist especially on the legal aspect of AI application in medicine. Proper training and orientation should precede its implementation and must be appropriate to the physicians’ needs for its utilization and sustainability.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PREVENTIVE BEHAVIOUR ON COLORECTAL CANCER AND HEALTH LITERACY AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION IN SARAWAK, MALAYSIA
Authors: Jores Drend , Abdullah Abdul Rahim , Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: May 2021

Health literacy has shown to have some influence in preventive behaviour, including on colorectal cancer. Such a relationship, however, is not well established in Malaysia, particularly Sarawak. This study is aimed to estimate the level of health literacy and preventive practice against colorectal cancer and factors associated with it. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Sarawak, among adults aged 50 years and above. Data was collected by face to face interviews using a validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the health literacy and preventive behaviour on colorectal cancer. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors associated with preventive behaviour on colorectal cancer and also to examine its relationship with health literacy. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. A total of 829 respondents were included in the analysis. Mean age (standard deviation) of the respondents was 55.78 (5.01) years. A large proportion had an educational background of upper secondary school and above (41%) and from Iban ethnicity (32.4%). Only 1.1% of them had a family history of colorectal cancer. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that gender (p<0.01), ethnicity (p<0.05), functional health literacy (p<0.05), and knowledge on colorectal cancer (p<0.05) appeared to be significant predictors for preventive behaviour on colorectal cancer. Health literacy has a positive effect on preventive behaviour on colorectal cancer. The findings assist in designing and developing targeted informational campaigns to promote preventive behaviour, particularly among low health literate group.
RISK FACTORS OF SHORT-FAT STATUS NUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN AGED 12-23 MONTHS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Imtihanatun Najahah  , Linda Meliati  , Mutiara Rahmawati Suseno
Published: May 2021

Indonesia has a double burden, which is besides facing the problem of malnutrition and other micronutrient deficiencies, Indonesia also faced the problem of obesity. Prevalence of short-fat status nutrition in Indonesia amounted to 6.8% in 2013. This study aimed at determining the risk factors for short-fat status nutrition in children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia.The design of this study was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from basic health Research (RISKESDAS) 2013, with a sample size of 378,308 children aged 12-23 months. the dependent variable in this study is short-fat nutrition status and the independent variables are exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding, neonatal visit, immunization, and Giving of Vitamin A. Further analysis of the data in several steps include univariate, bivariate (chi -Square), and multivariate (logistic regression). Sample of this study is mostly male 204,030 (53.9%) with the nutritional status based on the combined height/age and weight/height is not shot-fat status nutrition 352450 (93.2%). Based on bivariate test results, four variables are to be the risk factors in this study, are not exclusive breastfeeding OR = 1.047, Complementary food OR = 1.136, immunization OR = 0.761, and vitamin A consumption OR = 0.601. While the neonatal care visits variable as the risk factor. Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant variable is the provision of complementary food OR 1.158 (95% CI 1.127 to 1.189). From these results, it can be concluded that giving complementary feeding is the most responsible for the short-fat nutrition status in children aged 12-23 months. Prevention efforts need to through monitoring the nutritional status of children, especially monitoring the growth of body length or height by age as early as possible for early detection of nutritional problems in children, so that management can quickly prevent that case.
Early complication of diverting ileostomy. Laparoscopic approach.
Authors: Lobato Bancalero L , Gómez Pérez R
Published: May 2021

Presentamos la imagen correspondiente a una complicación temprana de una ileostomía en asa. Se trata de una paciente de 25 años a la que se ha realizado una colectomía total con reconstrucción mediante anastomosis ileoanal en J por vía laparoscópica e ileostomía de protección, en el contexto de una neoplasia rectal a 5 centímetros del margen anal con neadyuvancia previa y una poliposis juvenil con múltiples pólipos irresecables en el colon ascendente y transverso. Se confecciona ileostomía de protección en punto previamente marcado en consulta de estomoterapia. La paciente presenta cuadro oclusivo con ileostomía no funcionante en el postoperatorio inmediato y distensión abdominal así como elevación de PCR en control analítico, por lo que se decide reintervención quirurgica mediante abordaje laparoscópico apreciándose torsión ("twister") del asa de la ileostomía, se desinserta la ileostomía y se vuelve a fijar a la piel correctamente orientada. Las ileostomías no están exentas de complicaciones con una morbilidad que puede alcanzar el 70% en algunas series1 siendo la obstrucción intestinal de un 7% 2 y se debe ser muy cuidadosos en su confección ya que al ser el último paso de la cirugía puede dar lugar fallos por pérdida de concentración. Del mismo modo el abordaje laparoscópico se muestra como eficaz y seguro en este tipo de reintervenciones.
The surgeon in the face of breast pathology, diagnostic techniques, BI-RADS® classification
Authors: de León Carrillo JM , Frutos Arenas J
Published: May 2021

Exponemos la evolución histórica del papel de la cirugía en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama, destacando tres eventos fundamentales: la teoría mecanicista y el tratamiento radical de Halsted, la teoría sistémica con la implantación del tratamiento conservador de Fisher y Veronesi y la desescalada en la estadificación ganglionar con implantación de la BSGC tras el ensayo NSABP-B32. Revisamos el estado actual de la docencia de la patología mamaria en la formación de los cirujanos generales en España y Europa. Exponemos las características de las unidades multidisciplinares de patología mamaria y los criterios de acreditación de SESPM y EUSOMA. Analizamos las diferentes técnicas de imagen y sus indicaciones en la patología mamaria y la clasificación BIRADS.
Simple Electrochemical Synthesis of Pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline Derivatives
Authors: Alajmi Sarah Fahad , Youssef Tamer Ezzat
Published: May 2021

Valuable pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized efficiently from the easily available 7-Chloro-4-hydrazinoquinoline through electrochemical synthesis under moderate and scalable electrolytic conditions afforded linear hydrazones (3a-g) then the cyclized one (4a-g). The conduct of the reactions was performed in a simple undivided cell under constant current without oxidizing reagents or transition metal catalysts. The synthesized products of the cyclization reaction have been characterized via UV/Vis spectrophotometry, 1H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, the understanding of the mechanism of the reaction, the importance of reactant structure to control the rate of the reaction and equilibria in the process is substantial. The applying of this protocol to the effective synthesis of key intermediates for antidiabetic compounds was done.
ON SOME LOGARITHMIC INEQUALITIES
Authors: Thomas N. E. , Chandran A. , Namboothiri K. V.
Published: May 2021

We establish some inequalities involving $\log(1+x)$ using elementary techniques. Using these inequalities, we show an alternate approach to evaluate the integral $\int\limits_1^\infty \frac{\log t}{t^2}\,dt$. This integral is later used to evaluate the asymptotic value of a logarithmic sum.
PARTICIPATORY MODELLING OF THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-BELIEFS AND PERSONALITY USING AGGREGATED FUZZYRELATIONAL MAPMODEL AND KOSKO-HAMMING DISTANCE
Authors: Arokiamary S. , Mary Mejrullo Merlin M.
Published: May 2021

Fuzzy Relational Map is an efficient tool in establishing the causal relationship between two disjoint sets of concepts. In situations, wherein the data available is unsupervised involving emotions and reasons described in a language that is vague or difficult to interpret, Fuzzy Relational Map is the pertinent approach of choice. Personality is a psychological construct that has different traits and these traits have some unique behavioral beliefs underneath. In this paper, an extension of a fuzzy relational map called aggregatedFuzzyRelational Map is used to study the association between the traits of personality and the behavioral beliefs that influence a certain type of personality. Further, the fixed points are analyzed with the aid of Kosko-Hamming Distance.
The Prospects of Succinates’ Use under Hypoxic Conditions in COVID-19
Authors: Orlov Yu. Р. , Afanasyev V. V. , Khilenko I. A.
Published: May 2021

The aimof the work was the search for materials from experimental and clinical studies reflecting the pathogenetic role of the possible use of succinates for the correction of hypoxia in COVID-19. 

Materials and methods.79 foreign and domestic literature sources were analyzed concerning the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the pathogenetic role of succinates in hypoxia under conditions of COVID-19, oxidative stress, and diaphragmatic dysfunction were analyzed. The literature search was carried out using Pubmed and ELIBRARY.ru databases. 

Results.As the analysis of the literature has shown, tissue hypoxia is the basis of COVID-19 pathogenesis, triggering the entire cascade of  pathomorphological events leading to the development of multiple organ failure. A number of experimental and clinical studies (on a fairly large number of patients) reflect the positive effect of tissue hypoxia correction using succinates, both in adult patients and in children with a different spectrum of pathology associated with acute respiratory failure syndrome. 

Conclusion.Analysis of literature data allows to substantiate the prospect of using preparations containing succinate (reamberin, cytoflavin) in the complex therapy of severe cases of COVID-19.
Genius Commander: Amir Temur
Authors:   Associate Professor, Honored Worker Of Public Education Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Department Of “Methods Of Teaching History”, Faculty Of “History”, Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Named After A.Qodiri, Uzbekistan, R.R. Nurkulova
Published: May 2021

In this scientific article, an attempt was made to cover the activities of Sahibkiran Amir Temur as a great statesman and a skillful commander on the basis of historical sources. The place of Amir Temur in the history of the peoples of the world and Central Asia was covered.
Geomagnetic secular variation in Late Weichselian Allerød sediments from Nr. Lyngby (Denmark)
Authors: Abrahamsen Niels , Readma Peter W.
Published: May 2021

Palaeomagnetic measurements on 400 specimens from lake sediments exposed
in the cliff of the classic Late Glacial Allerød site at Nørre Lyngby in North
Jutland, Denmark, are presented. Two profiles in the 7 m sequence of sand, silt
and gyttja, spanning the time interval between c. 12 000 and c. 10 700 BP show
about 5 cycles in the declination and about 2 cycles in inclination. Secular variation features as observed at this site are also recognizable at sites in southern
Sweden and Soviet Karelia. Comparisons with Holocene records indicate that
the short time-scale behaviour (i.e. < 103 y) of the geomagnetic field appears to
have been similar since 14 000 BP, i.e. for a period considerably longer than the
timescale of the variations themselves, thus suggesting that this type of behaviour is a permanent feature of the geomagnetic field. These secular variation
features may be useful in local as well as more regional stratigraphical correlations for the Late Glacial and Holocene on a much more detailed timescale than
is obtained from the magnetic reversal timescale used for older materials.
New Middle Danian species of anomuran and brachyuran crabs from Fakse, Denmark
Authors: Jakobsen S. L. , Collins J. S. H.
Published: May 2021

One new genus and four new species of crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the
Middle Danian Tylocidaris bruennichi Zone of Fakse, Denmark are described.
These include the anomuran crab Faxegalatheaplatyspinosa gen. et sp. nov. and
the brachyuran crabs Homolopsis spiniga sp. nov., Eohomola affinis sp. nov. and
Xanthosia gracilis sp. nov. All known crabs from Fakse are listed and some are
illustrated photographically for the first time.
A re-evaluation of Penicillium section Canescentia, including the description of five new species
Authors: Visagie C.M. , Frisvad J.C. , Houbraken J. , Visagie A. , Samson R.A. , Jacobs K.
Published: May 2021

A survey of Penicillium in the fynbos biome from South Africa resulted in the isolation of 61 species of which 29 were found to be new. In this study we focus on Penicillium section Canescentia, providing a phylogenetic re-evaluation based on the analysis of partial beta-tubulin (BenA), calmodulin (CaM) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) sequence data. Based on phylogenies we show that five fynbos species are new and several previously assigned synonyms of P. canescens and P. janczewskii should be considered as distinct species. As such, we provide descriptions for the five new species and introduce the new name P. elizabethiae for the illegitimate P. echinatum. We also update the accepted species list and synonymies of section Canescentia species and provide a review of extrolites produced by these species.
Sosialisasi Perubahan Perilaku Masyarakat Pada Era Pandemi Covid-19 Di Desa Jatisari
Authors: Adi Kaskodjo
Published: May 2021

Berdasarkan hasil observasi di Desa Jatisari, Kecamatan  Jenggawah, Kabupaten Jember, bahwa menurut informasi dari Pukesmas Kemuningsari Kidul, Kecamatan Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember adalah kriteria yang disampaikan untuk wilayah Desa Jatisari masuk dalam zone merah yang artinya memerlukan perhatian dan kewaspadaan yang sangat serius dari pihak pejabat Satgas Penanganan Covid-19 Kecamatan Jenggawah maupun Satgas Penangan Covid-19 Kabupaten Jember. Perlu diketahui, bahwa kondisi masyarakat Desa Jatisari dalam hal tingkat kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan pada umumnya dikatakan sangat kurang, meskipun pihak perangkat Desa Jatisari telah secara routine menyampaikan pesan untuk mengikuti protokol kesehatan akan tetapi ternyata masih belum adanya pemahaman sepenuhnya mengenai memberlakukan protokol kesehatan baik bagi dirinya sendiri maupun untuk kepentingan orang lain. Sosialisasi perubahan perilaku masyarakat pada era pandemi covid-19 telah menghasilkan pemahaman kepada setiap anggota Komunitas Karang Taruna Desa Jatisari, menyediakan diri untuk melakukan gerakan yang rasional, obyektivitas, dan berkelanjutan ikut memberikan penyuluhan bersama perangkat Desa Jatisari untuk memberikan pengertian, pengetahuan, tindakan pencegahan untuk menghambat meluasnya atau menyebarnya virus covid-19. Gerakan diarahkan dan diwujudnyatakan pemantauan, pengawasan dan evaluasi kepatuhan dan disiplin masyarakat untuk memperhatikan 3 M, yaitu : memakai masker, mencuci tangan, dan menjaga jarak atau wajib menghindari kerumunan di tempat umum.
Doğrusal Olmayan Programlama (DOP) ile Portföy Büyüklüğü Kısıtlamalı Model Optimizasyonu
Authors: ACAR Elif
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmada, portföy optimizasyonu konusunda portföy büyüklüğü kısıtlamasının varlığında Excel Çözücü GRG modülünde kullanılabilecek bir model önerisi sunulmaktadır. Önerilen model, Markowitz’in portföy teorisini temel alarak, BİST Teknoloji endeksinde yer alan 15 şirket üzerine uygulanmaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle, DOP problemlerinin yapısı, kavramları, optimal çözüm şartları ve genel bir DOP problemi çözüm yöntemleri, Excel Çözücü GRG modülünün işleyişi paralelinde incelenmiştir. Sonra, portföy büyüklüğünün belirli değerde olması için Ceza fonksiyonu kullanılmıştır ve düşük risk ve yüksek getiri hedefleyen iki amaçlı optimizasyon modeli sunulmuştur. Şirketlerin 335 günlük verileri kullanılarak getiriler ve kovaryanslar hesaplanmıştır. Portföy büyüklüğü 6 seçilerek model tek ve iki amaçlı olarak çözümlenmiştir ve BİST Teknoloji endeksinden daha yüksek getirili ve daha düşük riske sahip portföy ağırlıkları belirlenmiştir. Portföy büyüklüğü kısıtı altında önerilen portföy modelinin karmaşık algoritmalara ihtiyaç duymadan Excel’in hesap tabloları, formülleri ve GRG Çözücüsü kullanılarak kolaylıkla çözümlenebileceği gösterilmiştir.
Türkiye’de Ücretler Üzerindeki Mali Yükün Adalet İlkesi Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERTEKİN Şaban
Published: May 2021

Günümüz modern toplumlarında kamu harcamalarının en önemli finansman kaynağı şüphesiz vergilerdir. Vergilerin mükelleflerin mali güçlerine göre dengeli ve adil dağılımı ise anayasal bir görev olarak devlete atfedilmiştir. Vergi yükünün dengeli ve adil dağılımı ile aynı mali ve hukuki statüye sahip olanların aynı, farklı mali ve hukuki statüye sahip olanların ise farklı şekillerde vergilendirilmesi kastedilmektedir. Ancak Türkiye’de ücretler üzerindeki mali yük incelendiğinde, gerek vergilendirme yöntemi gerekse indirim, istisna ve oranlar açısından vergi adaletinin zedelendiği görülmektedir. Yani ücretler aleyhine oluşan adaletsizliğin temelinde farklı vergilendirme usullerinin yattığı düşünülmektedir. Bu adaletsizlik ücretlerin sadece diğer gelir unsurları ile karşılaştırıldığında değil, kendi içerisinde değerlendirildiğinde bile vergi adaletinden uzaklaşıldığı görülmektedir. Ücret işverenler için maliyet, kamu kesimi için vergilendirilecek önemli bir kaynak olmakla birlikte toplumun çok önemli bir kesimini oluşturan çalışanlar için bir statü, bir motivasyon kaynağı ve daha ötesinde ailesiyle birlikte yaşamını sürdürecek önemli bir gelir kaynağıdır. Vergi yükünün adil ve dengeli dağılımı ise iş barışı, toplumsal huzur, devlete olan güven ve aidiyet, kayıt dışı ekonomi için son derece önem arz etmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada ücret kavramı ve Türk Vergi Sisteminde ücretler üzerindeki mali yük diğer gelir unsurları ile karşılaştırmalı olarak vergi adaleti açısından incelenmiştir.
Clumpy Star Formation and AGN Activity in the Dwarf–Dwarf Galaxy Merger Mrk 709
Authors: Kimbro Erin , Reines Amy E. , Molina Mallory , Deller Adam T. , Stern Daniel
Published: May 2021

Nearby, low-metallicity dwarf starburst galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) offer the best local analogs to study the early evolution of galaxies and their supermassive black holes (BHs). Here we present a detailed multiwavelength investigation of star formation and BH activity in the low-metallicity dwarf–dwarf galaxy merger Mrk 709. Using Hubble Space Telescope Hα and continuum imaging combined with Keck spectroscopy, we determine that the two dwarf galaxies are likely in the early stages of a merger (i.e., their first pass) and discover a spectacular ∼10 kpc long string of young massive star clusters (t ≲ 10 Myr; M
⋆ ≳ 105
M
⊙) between the galaxies triggered by the interaction. We find that the southern galaxy, Mrk 709 S, is undergoing a clumpy mode of star formation resembling that seen in high-redshift galaxies, with multiple young clusters/clumps having stellar masses between 107 and 108
M
⊙. Furthermore, we present additional evidence for a low-luminosity AGN in Mrk 709 S (first identified by Reines et al. using radio and X-ray observations), including the detection of the coronal [Fe x] optical emission line. The work presented here provides a unique glimpse into processes key to hierarchical galaxy formation and BH growth in the early universe.
Energy Supply by Low-frequency Break Sweeping for Heating the Fast Solar Wind from 0.3 to 4.8 au
Authors: Wu Honghong , Tu Chuanyi , Wang Xin , He Jiansen , Yang Liping , Yao Shuo
Published: May 2021

Solar wind protons undergo significant heating during the expansion of the solar wind and turbulence plays an important role in this process. It is believed that the energy is injected from the energy-containing range into the inertial range and then transferred to dissipate into heat eventually. However, the energy injection process in the heliosphere remains unclear. Here we analyze this process. We utilize Helios 2 and Ulysses measurements of the fast solar wind at different radial distances from 0.29 to 4.8 au. We obtain the perpendicular heating rate based on the gradient of the magnetic moment. We estimate for the first time the energy supply rate due to the sweeping of low-frequency break based on the identification of low-frequency break and the corresponding power spectra density profile. We find that the energy supply rate is comparable to the perpendicular heating rate of protons, which support the idea that low-frequency range becomes part of the inertial range as the solar wind turbulence ages. These results help us understand the energy supply process from the energy-containing range and the heating process of solar wind protons.
Multi-gene phylogenetic evidence indicates that Pleurodesmospora belongs in Cordycipitaceae (Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae) and Pleurodesmospora lepidopterorum sp. nov. on pupa from China
Authors: Chen Wan-Hao , Han Yan-Feng , Liang Jian-Dong , Tian Wei-Yi , Liang Zong-Qi
Published: May 2021

A new species, Pleurodesmospora lepidopterorum, isolated from a pupa, is introduced. Morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses based on multigene datasets (ITS+RPB1+RPB2+TEF) support the establishment of the new species. Pleurodesmospora lepidopterorum is distinguished from P. coccorum by its longer conidiogenous pegs located in the terminal or lateral conidiophores, and smaller subglobose or ellipsoidal conidia. A combined dataset of RPB1, RPB2, and TEF confirmed the taxonomic placement of Pleurodesmospora in Cordycipitaceae for the first time.
The current state of the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, quality assurance and falfication of medicines
Authors: Eiben Hanna , Hala Liliia , Slipchuk Valentyna
Published: May 2021

The aim of our article was the study of the current state of the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in the context of the quality assurance of medicines and preventing the spread of falsified medicines (FM), the identification of the main problems in the field of circulation of medicines and the ways to solve them. It is established that the dynamic development of the pharmaceutical market and its high profitability cause problem of drug quality, increasing threats to the spread of FM in circulation and require the implementation of effective mechanisms for regulation of quality and safety of medicines. Analysis the annual official statistics of the State Service of Ukraine on Medicines and Drug Control for the period of 2008–2019 on the number of detected FM in circulation showed a steady trend of increasing FM and insufficient implementation of effective measures to combat them. The creation of effective quality assurance system of drugs and preventing the spread of FM need to improve the organization of state control of drug quality, strengthening criminal liability for falsification of drugs and optimization of the system of their detection.