bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BLOODY “ALMAZ”: DE/CONSTRUCTION OF ONE REVOLUTION MYTH IN ODESA
Authors: Vintskovskyi Taras
Published: January 2020

In Soviet historical science during 1960s-1980s a traditional stereotype of perception of the cruiser “Almaz” as “Southern Aurora” was formed, which had to symbolize similar tendencies of the revolutionary progress in 1917- 1918 in Baltic and the Black Sea Fleets. The role of the steamship crew in events of the Russian and the Ukrainian revolutions in a limited period of time is analyzed in the article.

In January 1918, the Bolshevist armed insurrection took place in Odesa, active participation in the preparation of which was played by the part of sailors and officers of the cruiser “Almaz”. During the existence of the Odesa Soviet republic, new authorities used the practice of the “red” terror, the symbol of which was “Almaz”. As the result of the detention and physical liquidation of people of various categories on the cruiser and at moorings of other warships, thus spreading a variety of rumours, authorities of local self-government attempted to take control of the situation in order to make facts of self-trial impossible. But judicial and investigational institutions were able to investigate the circumstances of the detention of prisoners and their subsequent fate fully only after the restoration of the Ukrainian National Republic governance in Odesa. Their conclusions dispel the heroic image of the cruiser created by Soviet historiography.
Victor Hugo. FIGHT THE DEMOUNTERS
Authors: Malyshev Oleksandr
Published: January 2020

The following article by Victor Hugo "Fight The Demounters" is a translation from the French original publication: Hugo V. Guerre aux démolisseurs // Revue des Deux Mondes. Période Initiale. Volume 5. 1832. pp. 607–622.
ESPANHA E BRASIL: PROBLEMAS DE RELACIONAMENTO (1822-1834)
Authors: Moreira Earle Diniz Macarthy
Published: January 2020

La independencia del Brasil, estrechamente ligada en su substrato ideológico al liberalismo peninsular, se constituyó por fuerza de la coyuntura en factor de debilitamiento del mismo. Eso es un hecho de modo particular cuanto a Portugal y, en un sentido más lato, también cuanto a España. En este ultimo caso adquiere relieve el episodio relativo a la incorporación de la Banda Oriental al Imperio Brasileño, clave que era de las esperanzas fernandinas de recuperación em Sudamérica. El “Trienio Liberal” fué hostil a la monarquia brasileña y de esta línea de conducta no desentonó la “Década Ominosa”: en cualquiera de los casos ponderables razones de Estado actuaban. La muerte de Fernando VII, el retorno de D. Pedro I a Portugal y la conclusión de la lucha por el poder en los dos reinos vecinos terminarán por remover los posteros óbices al reconocimiento del Imperio del Brasil por España.
A FERROVIA GAÚCHA E AS DIRETRIZES DE “ORDEM E PROGRESSO”- 1905-1920
Authors: Kliemann Luiza Helena Schmitz
Published: January 2020

La implantación y el desarollo del transporte ferroviario en los Estados brasileños se realizo en general sin planificación, buscando simplesmente atender al comercio y a las comunicaciones entre la zona rural y la urbana. Rio Grande do Sul no fue excepción y así como el resto de la nación vio casi toda su red ferroviaria en manos de compañías de ferrocariles extranjeras. La Cie. Auxiliaire de Chemins de Feur au Brésil se destaco por dominar prácticamente todas las líneas de ferrocarriles riograndenses de 1905 a 1920. Por su mala administración, esta compañía se indispuso con las clases económicas de Rio Grande do Sul, especialmente con el comercio, ya que no podia atender a la demanda de servicios. La primera Guerra Mundial afectó el desarollo de las compañías de ferrocarriles extranjeras, justo en el momento en que Brasil experimentaba una incipiente industrialización. La Cie. Auxiliaire entró en crisis y los obreros declararonse en huelga general, obligando la intervención del Estado. El gobierno, en manos del Partido Republicano Riograndense, tenía como línea de acción la ideologia comtiana, que establecía la liberdad de comercio e industria, la socialización de los servicios públicos, la mejora de las condiciones de trabajo de los obreros y la autonomía estatal para alcanzar la unidad, la fuerza, el orden y el progresso. Todos estos principios estaban escritos en la Constituición de Rio Grande do Sul, por eso Borges de Medeiros no dudó en aplicar las directivas de su partido para llegar al dominio del transporte ferroviario. Se constata así que el control de este medio de transporte en 1920 estaba ligado tanto a factores administrativos como a la ideología y plataforma del Partido Republicano Riograndense, y no como afirman comunmente los historiadores.
Documentos do Arquivo Histórico do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Estudos Ibero-Americanos Revista
Published: January 2020

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Biomimetic and electroactive 3D scaffolds for human neural crest-derived stem cell expansion and osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Iandolo Donata , Sheard Jonathan , Levy Galit Karavitas , Pitsalidis Charalampos , Tan Ellasia , Dennis Anthony , Kim Ji-Seon , Markaki Athina E. , Widera Darius , Owens Róisín M.
Published: January 2020

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterized by bone loss and bone microarchitectural deterioration. The combination of smart materials and stem cells represents a new therapeutic approach. In the present study, highly porous scaffolds are prepared by combining the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS with collagen type I, the most abundant protein in bone. The inclusion of collagen proves to be an effective way to modulate their mechanical properties and it induces an increase in scaffolds’ electrochemical impedance. The biomimetic scaffolds support neural crest-derived stem cell osteogenic differentiation, with no need for scaffold pre-conditioning contrarily to other reports.
Cambio en las estructuras de significación en organizaciones de pequeños productores. Una comprensión desde la teoría institucional
Authors: Suárez Pineda Luri , Suárez Pineda Marlén
Published: January 2020

La perspectiva teórica institucional que promete superar la estrechez comprensiva del racionalismo instrumental, orientó la aproximación al fenómeno del cambio en organizaciones de pequeños productores del eslabón primario de la cadena láctea en Colombia, con ocasión de un instrumento de política pública que pretendía aliviar los impactos de la apertura comercial del sector. Este artículo se ocupa del cambio en las estructuras de significación, comprendidas como constructo social, en los pequeños productores del departamento de Boyacá. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo de carácter interpretativo cuyo hallazgo se concreta en que los arreglos institucionales en los que se fundamentó el mecanismo de apoyo estatal, no lograron la construcción de sentido entre los sujetos beneficiarios, y en consecuencia, no ocurrieron los cambios esperados.
Andrea Levy: alcance reivindicativo de los títulos de sus novelas
Authors: Valladares Susana Velarde
Published: January 2020

Andrea Levy fue una escritora afro británica descendiente de jamaicanos. El objetivo de este artículo es mitigar la discriminación a través de las reivindicaciones y denuncias sociales realizadas por Levy en sus obras, concretamente, en sus títulos. Esta investigación se fundamentó en el paradigma de la Teoría Crítica que intenta conseguir la transformación social. Específicamente este artículo se centra en liberar las opresiones por género y etnia.  La metodología se basó en el análisis de tipo cualitativo de la novelística y la reflexión realizada por la crítica literaria sobre la problemática. A partir de esta información, se concluyó que entre las reivindicaciones destaca la visibilización en la sociedad las identidades femeninas de origen afrocaribeño que fue tradicionalmente ignorada por la literatura hegemónica. Atendiendo a las denuncias, aparecen la indiferencia social, la discriminación y la amarga experiencia, las consecuencias de la esclavitud, la crisis de identidad y la pérdida del sentimiento de pertenencia.  Por tanto, observando los títulos y el análisis de la crítica literaria, se descubrieron alcances reveladores para la interpretación de las obras a través de los títulos.
The solution to the problem of cleaning autoclaves for growing synthetic quartz
Authors: Davydov S. Ya. , Apakashev R. A. , Mikhalitsin A. A. , Mikhalitsina O. V. , Kataev A. V.
Published: January 2020

The experimental work to destroy a sample of a by-product of the autoclave production of artificial quartz crystals in an experimental sandblasting plant was carried out. The scheme and installation parameters are indicated. Ill. 3. Ref. 4. Tab. 1.
Tribological properties of pyrolytic carbon in high-speed tests
Authors: Khorev V. A. , Rumyantsev V. I. , Ponomarenko G. A. , Osmakov A. S. , Fischev V. N.
Published: January 2020

The friction units of modern power turbines require the use of special materials with a stable and low coefficient of friction in extreme conditions. The most successfully used for these purposes are antifriction carbon-graphite materials, in particular isotropic pyrolytic carbon. It is established that isotropic pyrolytic carbon has a lower friction coefficient and wear rate than ATG-S antifriction graphite. Based on the analysis of the microstructure and fractograms of wear traces, it was suggested that the difference in the tribological behavior of materials is caused by various mechanisms of material destruction. It is also shown that isotropic pyrolytic carbon tends to decrease the wear rate and friction coefficient with increasing density. Ill. 7. Ref. 10. Tab. 1.
Extraction of Nuclei from Brain Tissue v1
Authors: Bortolin Laura , Goldman Melissa , Mccarroll Steven
Published: January 2020

This protocol enables rapid isolation of intact nuclei from brain tissue, including highly myelinated adult brain tissue. We have used it successfully to extract nuclei for single-nucleus RNA-seq from human, mouse, marmoset, and macaque brain.
EKSPLORASI NILAI FABEL SEBAGAI SARANA ALTERNATIF EDUKASI SISWA
Authors: Juanda Juanda
Published: January 2020

Children’s character must be built since their early age. Children should be educated and habituated with good characters so that good character will be embedded until they are grown up.  A diversity of fables can be used as a medium to build the children's character.  The goal  in this research is exploration character educational values which are contained in the fable “Kisah Sahabat Rimba” by Yosep Rustandi. The research method  uses  qualitative descriptive with content analisys  to describe the characters in fable “Kisah Sahabat Rimba” by Yosep Rustandi. The result of the research, it was known that there are some universal characters which can be exemplified from the fables “Kisah Sahabat Rimba” by Yosep Rustandi such as thorough, politeness, humble, honest, and respectful.
PENGEMBANGAN RENCANA PEMBELAJARAN SEMESTER (RPS) MATA KULIAH BAHASA INGGRIS BERBASIS TASK-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING (TBLT)
Authors: Kusmanto Joko , Siregar Sarmedi Agus
Published: January 2020

Pengembangan RPS secara langsung berkaitan dengan analisis standar kompetensi yang ingin dicapai, metode pengajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajarannya. Berdasarkan hal itu, target-target khusus yang ingin dicapai oleh penelitian ini meliputi dua hal. Kedua tujuan tersebut adalah (i) merumuskan capaian pembelajaran bahasa Inggris lulusan yang didasarkan pada analisis kebutuhan dan analisis objektif kemahiran bahasa Inggris masukan dan (ii) mendesain materi pembelajaran untuk memenuhi capaian pembelajaran yang telah dirumuskan. Secara umum metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian pengembangan Gall, Gall, dan Borg (2003) dan Van den Akker, Gravemeijer, McKenney, dan Nieven (2006). Sementara itu, pendekatan yang akan diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah perpaduan antara pendekatan ADDIE dari Branch (2009) dengan pendekatan sistem dari Dick, Carey, dan Carey (2009). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan bahasa Inggris yang ditunjukkan oleh pemangku kepentingan harus diadaptasi tingkatannya. Adaptasi tersebut didasarkan atas kompetensi masukan yang belum memenuhi standar untuk dimasukkan ke tahap ESP secara murni. Oleh karena itu, desain RPS pembelajaran ESP dilakukan tetap dengan mempertimbangkan hal-hal terkait dengan kompetensi bahasa Inggris umum masukannya.
PENGEMBANGAN TEKNIK INTERACTIVE-COMMUNICATIVE GAMES UNTUK KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA BIPA KELAS PEMULA
Authors: Rosita Farida Yufarlina
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan teknik pembelajaran Interactive-Communicative Games pada keterampilan berbicara BIPA kelas pemula serta mengetahui kualitas teknik pembelajaran yang telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang menggunakan gabungan model penelitian dan pengembangan R2D2 dan Dick and Carey. Desain pengembangan meliputi tiga fokus, yaitu fokus penetapan, desain dan pengembangan, serta diseminasi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara, angket, dan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik pembelajaran yang dikembangkan memiliki penilaian sangat layak dengan persentase kualitas 86,85% yang diperoleh berdasarkan analisis hasil angket dari validator ahli, praktisi, dan pemelajar BIPA terhadap teknik pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik pembelajaran Interactive-Communicative Games sangat layak untuk diimplementasikan dalam kelas yang sebenarnya.
O Tema 793 do STF e o direcionamento do cumprimento das prestações na área de saúde conforme as regras de repartição de competências estabelecidas no SUS
Authors: Nogueira Marcia Coli
Published: January 2020

Objective: To overview the Item 793 of the Federal Supreme Court, which deals with the joint liability of federated entities for the duty to provide health care, and which required the magistrate to direct the fulfillment of the obligation according to the rules for the division of competences. Methodology: the the deductive method was applied to understand the various aspects inserted in the vote of the rapporteur Minister Edson Fachin on the subject of the division of competences in the Brazilian public health care system, SUS, which culminated in the Item 793 of the Federal Supreme Court. Results: this paper presents the basic rules for financing pharmaceutical assistance; providing parameters for identifying the provider of health care; it also indicates ways to reduce the costs of judicialization and points to the Federal Union as the main responsible for financing pharmaceutical assistance. Conclusion: Item 793 has not yet been able to bring a single court decision, and it is not clear about which federated entity should male part of the factual matter and be condemned in health benefits. The identification of the debtor of the benefit should be a concern of the litigants and the legal operators, including the assumption of possible penalties for non-compliance.
A vedação ao retrocesso social: o debate judicial acerca dos impactos da Emenda Constitucional nº 86/2015 no financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde
Authors: Lopes Cardoso Campos Thiago
Published: January 2020

Objectives: this article analyzes the terms of the Right Unconstitutionality Action No. 5,595, pending before the Federal Supreme Court. The Action refers to the change in the financing system of the Unified Health System by the Constitutional Amendment No. 86/2015, originating from Proposed Constitutional Amendment No. 358, 2013, and which some called the Imposed Budget Amendment. Method: the analysis is performed from the evaluation of the procedural manifestations presented, with bibliographic research and related jurisprudence. Conclusion: it concludes that the debate on adequate financing for the enjoyment of the right to health involves the analysis of the legal content of the principle of the prohibition of social regression, and requires the conceptual and theoretical deepening around this right, displacing the judicial debate of microjustice. from access to health to the debate on political and legal guidelines that impact budget allocative choices, a macrojustice debate.
Methodological approaches to analysis, estimation and prediction of the moral-psychological state of personnel
Authors: Aleschenko V.
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the methodological approaches to the analysis, evaluation and forecasting of the moral and psychological state of the personnel, objective and subjective indicators that affect its state. Analyzed are the existing methods of assessing the level of moral and psychological state of the personnel of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It is noted that the method of expert assessment is given a special role in assessing the state of combat readiness of units (subunits). The ways of introducing relevant methods in the activities of the Ukrainian Armed Forces management system, officials, taking into account the prospects for the implementation of NATO standards and the theoretical views of domestic specialists, have been proposed. Keywords: moral and psychological state, morale, evaluation, forecasting, socio-psychological analysis, personnel.
GÖRSEL SANATLAR ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN LİSANS ATÖLYE DERSLERİNDE EDİNDİKLERİ BİLGİLERİN UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİNE YÖNELİK GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: Konak Armağan
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışma, görsel sanatlar
öğretmenlerinin, lisans atölye derslerinde edindikleri bilgilerin uygulanabilirliğine
yönelik görüşlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlayan nitel bir çalışmadır. Çalışmada
yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile 9 resim-iş öğretmeninin görüşüne
başvurulmuştur. Veriler, betimsel analiz çerçevesinde çözümlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; okullarının fiziki
ortamlarının yetersiz olduğu, Öğretmen adayının öğretmenlik mesleğini tam
olarak kavrayamadığı, Okullarda yaratıcılık ve estetik algıyı geliştirici
etkinliklerin eğitim programlarında daha çok yer verilmesi gerektiği, Eğitim Fakültelerinin
vizyonunun küresel eğitim anlayışına göre düzenlenmesi, uygulanması ve öğretmen
adaylarının yaratıcılığını desteklemesi gerektiği, Eğitim fakülteleri ile milli
eğitim müdürlükleri işbirliği içinde çalışmadıkları, Lisans atölye derslerinde
uygulanan yöntem, teknik ve materyallerin ilk ve ortaöğretim çocuklarının
yaşlarına uygun olmadığı, öğretmen adaylarının bilgi ve becerilerini, ilk ve
ortaöğretim öğrencilerine nasıl aktaracaklarını bilmedikleri, İlk ve
ortaöğretimde heykel, tekstil ve özgün baskı çalışmalarının okullarda
gerçekleştirilemediği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Çalışma sonucunda aşağıdaki şu
getirilebilir: Okulların fiziki ortamlarının iyileştirmesine, öğretmen adayına
öğretmenlik mesleğinin nasıl kavratılabileceğine, okullardaki yaratıcılık ve
estetik algıyı geliştirici etkinliklere eğitim programlarında daha çok yer
verilmesine, Fakültenin vizyonunun küresel eğitim anlayışına göre düzenlenmesi,
uygulanması ve öğretmen adaylarının yaratıcılığının desteklemesine, Eğitim Fakülteleri
ve Milli Eğitim Müdürlüklerinin işbirliğine, lisans atölye derslerinde
uygulanan yöntem, teknik ve materyallerin ilk ve ortaöğretim çocuklarının
yaşlarına uygun olmasına, öğretmen adaylarının bilgi ve becerilerini, ilk ve
ortaöğretim öğrencilerine nasıl aktaracaklarına, ilk ve ortaöğretimde heykel,
tekstil ve özgün baskı çalışmalarının yapılabilmesi yönelik çalışmalar
yapılması önerilir.
YİYECEK İÇECEK İŞLETMELERİNDE MOORA YÖNTEMİ İLE TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİNİN UYGULANABİLİRLİĞİ
Authors: Sarıoğlan Mehmet , Arslan Karahan
Published: January 2020

Günümüz dünyasında, işletmelerin karlılıklarını arttırabilmek, sağlıklı büyüme rakamlarını yakalayabilmek,
maliyetlerini minimize etmek ve piyasada kalıcı olabilmeleri için istikrarlı ve etkili bir tedarikçi ağına, aynı
zamanda etkili bir tedarikçi seçimine önem vermeleri şarttır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı yiyecek içecek işletmelerinde tedarikçi seçiminde kullanılan yöntemler ve yeni bir yöntem
olan MOORA yöntemini üzerine önceden yapılmış çalışmaların incelenmesi ve yiyecek içecek işletmelerinde
MOORA yöntemi ile tedarikçi seçiminin uygulanabilirliği tartışılmasıdır.
Yiyecek içecek şirketlerinde tedariğin önemi ve tedarikçilerin seçim süreci işletmelerin yaşam sürelerini
etkilediği kabul edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda nitelikli ve doğru tedarikçinin seçilmesi işletmelerin yaşam
sürelerine olumlu etkisi olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Ancak günümüz klasik tedarik sistemleri ve tedarikçi seçimi
yöntemleri küreselleşen dünya ile birçok farklılık gerçekleştirmektedir. Günümüz tedarikçi seçimlerinin daha
farklı boyutlarda incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle yiyecek içecek işletmelerindeki
tedarik sürecinin kısa olması gerekliliği tedarikçi seçim aşamalarının hızlı ve farklı boyutlarda inceleme
gereksinimini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Stabilization of Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis using Microencapsulation and pH Treatment
Authors: Mauliasari Endah Saivira , Agustini Tri Winarni , Amalia Ulfah
Published: January 2020

Spirulina platensis is a blue-green microalga which is classified into Cyanobacteria. S. platensis is often used as functional food ingredient because their phycocyanin pigment has antioxidant properties. However, the pigment is of low stability and is sensitive to temperature, pH, oxygen, and humidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of microencapsulation and pH treatment on the stability of phycocyanin S. platensis. The experimental design used in the study was Completely Randomized Factorial Design with 2 factors namely microencapsulation process and different pH values (pH 4 and pH 8). The results showed that the microencapsulation process and pH treatment had different effects (P <0.05) on the stability of phycocyanin.  S. platensis with microencapsulation at pH 8 produced smaller phycocyanin degradation (5.32±1.37%), antioxidant degradation (38.12±0.31%), and total color different (TCD) (22.1±0.07) compared to other treatments. While the relative concentration (CR) value of the microencapsulated phycocyanin in S. platensis was 94.68±1.37%, higher than that of other treatments. Microencapsulation at pH 8 stabilized phycocyanin by preventing precipitation of the protein.
Akalazya tanısında yüksek çözünürlüklü manometri: 3. basamak referans merkez deneyimi
Authors: ŞİRİN Göktuğ , KONDUK Buğra Tolga , ŞİRİN Seher , ÇELEBİ Altay
Published: January 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Özofagusun etiyolojisi bilinmeyen primer motor bozukluğu olan akalazya, kesin tanısı motilite çalışmaları yapılarak konulan bir hastalıktır. Özofagogastrik bileşkede bulunan, maligniteye ya da geçirilmiş cerrahiye sekonder gelişen obstrüksiyon, hem klinik olarak, hem de manometrik ölçüm sonuçlarıyla akalazyayı taklit edebilir. Çok sık rastlanan bir durum olmayan akalazyanın, ülkemizdeki epidemiyolojik özelliklerine ilişkin veriler son derece sınırlıdır. Güncel çalışmada, kliniğimizde takip edilen akalazyalı hastaların, epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin ve manometrik bulgularının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ekim 2017-Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında, üniversitemiz gastroenteroloji bilim dalı motilite polikliniğinde tetkik edilen ve yüksek çözünürlüklü manometri sonuçlarına göre akalazya tanısı koyulan hastaların bilgi kartları, retrospektif olarak incelendi.
Bulgular: Akalazya ön tanısıyla yüksek çözünürlüklü manometri yapılan 8 hastanın pseudoakalazya, 2 hastanın sekonder akalazya olduğu görüldü. Akalazya tanısı konulan 77 hastanın (43 erkek), yaş ortalaması 49.9917.68 (23-76) idi. Hastaların dörtte birinin 36 yaşından küçük, dörtte birinin 63.5 yaşından büyük olduğu görüldü. Hafifçe erkek baskın gibi görünen hasta grubunda, semptom başlangıcından tanı konuluncaya kadar geçen sürenin ortalama 4.434.05 (1-20) yıl olduğu görüldü. Chicago Class 3.0 kriterlerine göre hastaların 35 tanesi (%45.5) Tip 1; 39 tanesi (%50.6) Tip 2; üç tanesi (%3.9) ise Tip 3 akalazya tanısı almıştı. Özofagogastrik bileşke gevşemesinin değerlendirilmesi için kullanılan entegre gevşeme basıncı ortalama 22.8111.44 mm Hg ve alt özofagus istirahat basıncı ise ortalama 31.9618.74 mm Hg idi. Tip 2 hastalarda entegre gevşeme basıncı ve ortalama alt özofagus istirahat basıncı Tip 1 hastalara göre, istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek idi (sırasıyla, p<0.001 ve p<0.001).
Sonuç: Akalazya hastalığının tanısı, günümüz teknolojisi ve bilgi birikimiyle sorun olmaktan çıkmış gibi gözükmektedir. Tanı ve tedavisi noktasında en büyük sorun, hastaların motilite çalışmalarına erişimine engel olan çeşitli bariyerlerdir. Tanı öncesi semptom süresinin uzun olmasında, özofagus motilite testlerinin gecikmeli olarak yapılması rol oynuyor olabilir. Bunu önlemek adına, disfajisi olan hastalar, özofagogastroskopik incelemeleri normal bulunsa bile, muhakkak motilite testi yapılması için yönlendirilmelidir.
Mobilitás és társadalmi integráció
Authors: Hajdu Gábor , Huszár Ákos , Kristóf Luca
Published: January 2020

Tanulmányunkban a társadalmi mobilitás és a társadalmi integráció közti kapcsolatot vizsgáljuk. A társadalmi mobilitásra a legtöbb esetben pozitív jelenségként tekintenek, Sorokin klasszikus disszociatív tézise azonban a társadalmi mobilitásnak a társadalmi integrációra gyakorolt negatív hatásait feltételezi: a mobil egyéneknek sérülnek a társas kapcsolataik és a jóllétük. Munkánk fő kérdése, hogy vajon a társadalmi mobilitás inkább pozitív vagy negatív kapcsolatban van-e az egyének társadalomba való beilleszkedésével, integráltságával. Eredményeink nem támasztják alá Sorokin feltételezését. A társadalmi integráció több indikátora szerint (pl. társadalmi részvétel, szubjektív társadalmi fontosság, családi kapcsolatokkal való elégedettség) a felfelé mobilak, valamint a magas státuszban immobilak vannak a legkedvezőbb helyzetben, ami a társadalmi mobilitással szemben a társadalmi státusz szerepére utal. Más esetekben pedig a mobil csoportok mutatói azonosak vagy olykor még jobbak is voltak, mint az immobil csoportoké. Az eredményeink tehát nem utalnak arra, hogy a társadalmi mobilitás integrációs problémákat okozna Magyarországon. Sőt, inkább abba az irányba mutatnak, hogy a fölfelé irányuló foglalkozási mobilitás a legtöbb esetben kedvező módon függ össze mind a társas kapcsolatokkal, mind a társadalmi részvétellel, mind pedig az integráltság szubjektív érzésével.
A szubverzió felfedése.
Authors: Balatonyi Judit
Published: January 2020

Lajos Veronika – Povedák István – Régi Tamás (szerk.)The Anthropology of Encounters / A találkozások antropológiája Magyar Kulturális Antropológiai Társaság, 2017
Floral Longevity and Attraction of Arctic Lupine, Lupinus arcticus: Implications for Pollination Efficiency
Authors: Reid Clara
Published: January 2020

Pollination by insects is a mutualistic relationship in which flowers receive pollen for reproduction while pollinators are rewarded with pollen or nectar. Floral longevity (the period an individual flower blooms) and floral attraction (the period during which pollinators are attracted to the flower, often indicated by petal colour) both play prominent roles in plant and pollinator success. This study investigated whether floral longevity and floral attraction were mediated by pollination type in arctic lupine (Lupinus arcticus S. Wats.), a common herbaceous perennial in northwestern North America. Flowers were either open to pollinators, cross-pollinated by hand, or bagged to prevent cross-pollination, and floral longevity, seed set, and flower colour were observed. Open and hand-pollinated flowers had significantly shorter floral longevities and higher percent fruit sets than bagged flowers. A colour change of the banner petal marking from white to pink occurred in some flowers and was a signal of floral attraction, as pollinators preferentially visited pre-change flowers. Pre-change flowers contained more pollen and were less likely to have been injured by herbivory than post-change flowers, yet the colour change was not related to pollination type or fruit set. Pollination-induced shortening of floral longevity is likely an adaptation to limited plant resources and pollinator visitation rates. For L. arcticus, this could be influenced by short growing seasons and low annual temperatures in the study area. In the face of climatic changes and shifting species phenologies, the mediation of floral longevity by pollinators could decrease temporal mismatch between plants and their pollinators, yet the many factors at play make this difficult to accurately predict.
Acknowledgements
Authors: Bedi Shailoo
Published: January 2020

Acknowledgements
Substrate specificity of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase from human liver.
Authors: Fabianowska-Majewska K , Duley J , Fairbanks L , Simmonds A , Wasiak T
Published: January 2020

Methylthioadenosine (MTA) phosphorylase purified 615-fold from human liver cleaved phosphorolytically nucleoside analogues at the decreasing specific activity: 5'-deoxyadenosine > 5'-iodo-5'-deoxyadenosine > MTA > adenosine > 2-chloroadenosine > 2-chloro-5'-O-methyl-2'-deoxyadenosine > 2-chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine > > 2'-deoxyadenosine. Adenosine and analogues of 5'-deoxyadenosine were strong competitive inhibitors of MTA phosphorolysis catalysed by the human liver enzyme.
maf1 mutation alters the subcellular localization of the Mod5 protein in yeast.
Authors: Murawski M , Szcześniak B , Zoładek T , Hopper A K , Martin N C , Boguta M
Published: January 2020

Two forms of Mod5p, a tRNA modification enzyme, are found in three intracellular compartments, mitochondria, cytoplasm and nucleus, but are encoded by a single MOD5 gene. The two forms of the enzyme, Mod5p-I and Mod5p-II differ at the N-termini and are produced by initiation of translation at different start codons. Mod5p-I does contain a mitochondrial targeting signal and is distributed between mitochondria and cytoplasm, whereas Mod5p-II is found in the cytosol and nucleus (Boguta, M., et al. 1994, Mol. Cell. Biol. 14, 2298-2306). In the present work mutants which mislocalize the Mod5p-I enzyme were isolated. The screen was based on a correlation between the amount of cytosolic protein and the efficiency of tRNA mediated suppression. Identification of mutants is possible because a red pigment accumulates in the cells unable to suppress an ade2-1 nonsense allele. The maf1 mutant, with an altered intracellular localization of the Mod5p-I protein, was isolated. Immunofluorescence data suggest that the mutation causes mislocalization of the Mod5p-I to the nucleus.
Basic properties of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex isolated from aurochs heart.
Authors: Czygier M , Strumiło S A
Published: January 2020

The purified aurochs (Bison bonasus, European bison) heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) has a set of subunits typical of mammalian PDC. PDC from aurochs heart contains firmly bound tiamine pyrophosphate in the amount providing over 50% of the maximal activity of the complex. The apparent value for activation energy of PDC is 60 kJ/mol. The Michaelis constant values for aurochs heart PDC are 22.4 +/- 1.0, 3.3 +/- 0.1 and 24.4 +/- 3.6 microM for pyruvate, CoA and NAD, accordingly. Acetyl-CoA is a competitive inhibitor with respect to CoA (Ki = 14.2 +/- 0.4 microM), whereas NADH gives the same inhibition with respect to NAD (Ki = 46.9 +/- 10.0 microM). The Km for CoA and NAD of the aurochs heart PDC are lower than that of domestic animals PDC.
MspI8, the repetitive sequence specifically interacting with nuclear matrix of rat testis cells.
Authors: Rzeszowska-Wolny J , Rogoliński J
Published: January 2020

The nuclear matrix bound DNA fraction of rat testis showed enrichment in repetitive sequences found in the 450 bp band after gel electrophoresis of the MspI digested rat DNA. DNA fragments isolated from this band were cloned. DNA of the clone pMspI8 showed homology to some representatives of rat LINE sequence family, and complexed in vitro more efficiently with testes nuclear matrix proteins than with yeast ARS1 sequence containing the matrix association region (MAR) or DNA from an other clone, MspI19. Western blot analysis showed that MspI8 sequence interacts with testes matrix protein of about 120 kDa.
Is there a "dolichol recognition sequence" in enzymes that interact with dolichols and other polyisoprenoid substrates?
Authors: Schutzbach J S
Published: January 2020

Yeast dolichyl-P-mannose synthase and a number of other enzymes that interact with dolichol or dolichyl-P as substrates contain a highly conserved amino-acid sequence that has been proposed as a potential dolichol recognition sequence [Albright, C.F., Orlean, P. & Robbins, P.W. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 7366-7369]. In dolichyl-P-mannose synthase, the most highly conserved amino-acid residues of this domain were modified by site directed mutagenesis, and for one construct the sequence was completely deleted. Enzymes containing the site directed modifications, and the deletion mutant, were found to retain catalytic activity, and all of the modified enzymes had the same apparent affinity for Dol-P as wild type enzyme when assayed in a phospholipid matrix. Based on these results, the amino-acid composition and sequence of the conserved domain are not critically important for the recognition and binding of Dol-P when the synthase is reconstituted in a lipid matrix.
Purification of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from bovine brain.
Authors: Sagami H , Morita Y , Korenaga T , Ogura K
Published: January 2020

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) synthase was purified to homogeneity from bovine brain in a one-step affinity column procedure. For the construction of the affinity column, a farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) analog, O-(6-amino-1-hexyl)-P-farnesylmethyl phosphonophosphate, was synthesized and linked to the spacer of the matrix of Affigel 10 via the amino group. The native enzyme appeared to be homooligomer (150-195 kDa) with a molecular mass of the monomer of 37.5 kDa. The pI for the enzyme was 6.2. The Km values for dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and FPP were estimated to be 33 microM, 0.80 microM and 0.74 microM, respectively. The Km value for isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) in the presence of both IPP and FPP mixture was 2 microM. The ratio of the reaction velocity for formation of GGPP from DMAPP, GPP or FPP was 0.004:0.145:1. The intermediate FPP was formed in the reaction with GPP as an allylic primer. FPP synthase catalyzing the formation of FPP from DMAPP and IPP was also purified to homogeneity from the same organ by a similar affinity chromatography procedure using a GPP analog, O-(6-amino-1-hexyl)-P-geranylmethyl phosphonophosphate as a ligand. The enzyme was a homodimer with a monomeric molecular mass of 40.0 kDa. These results indicate that GGPP, a lipid precursor for the biosynthesis of a majority of prenylated proteins, is synthesized from DMAPP and IPP by the action of FPP synthase catalyzing the reactions C5-->C15 followed by the action of GGPP synthase catalyzing the reaction C15-->C20.
Intracellular trafficking of dolichol: on the presence of dolichol transfer activity in bovine liver supernatant.
Authors: Van Dessel G , Lagrou A
Published: January 2020

A protein catalyzing dolichol transfer between membranes has been purified from bovine liver up to 600-fold by acid precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The protein displays a relative molecular mass of 15000 on SDS-gel electrophoresis. Kinetics as well as the influence of a series of effectors were studied. The transfer activity is inhibited by sphingomyelin, sulfhydryl groups and cationic amphiphilic amines with a bulky heterocyclic aromatic function. High salt concentration decreases the transfer efficiency. Transfer of dolichol between vesicles and mitochondria is not affected by the presence of moderate amounts of cholesterol in the donor vesicles. The overall characteristics of dolichol transfer activity are discussed in comparison to these of other lipid transfer proteins.
The effect of undecaprenol on bilayer lipid membranes.
Authors: Janas T , Chojnacki T , Swiezewska E , Janas T
Published: January 2020

The influence of undecaprenol on phosphatidylcholine macrovesicular bilayer lipid membranes has been studied by electrophysiological techniques. The current-voltage characteristics, ionic transference numbers, the membrane conductance-temperature relationships and the membrane breakdown voltage were measured. The permeability coefficients for Na+ and Cl- ions, the activation energy of ion migration across the membrane, the membrane hydrophobic thickness and the membrane Young's modulus were determined. Undecaprenol increases membrane conductance, membrane capacitance, membrane ionic permeability and membrane elastic deformability, decreases the activation energy, membrane hydrophobic thickness and membrane electromechanical stability, and does not change membrane selectivity. The formation by undecaprenyl molecules of fluid microdomains modulating membrane hydrophobic thickness is postulated. The data suggest that the behaviour of undecaprenol in membranes is regulated by transmembrane electrical potential.
Diseases of aberrant glycosylation.
Authors: Kościelak J
Published: January 2020

Recently a defective glycosylation of glycoconjugates has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of heritable or acquired diseases of humans. Herein I discuss them under the name of diseases of aberrant glycosylation. These are: congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II, carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome, I-cell disease, galactosemia in subjects on galactose-free diet, variants of leukocyte adhesion deficiency, and of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and Tn syndrome. Regarding the present views on the function of glycoconjugates it is probably significant that in most instances defective or missing glycoproteins (or proteoglycans) but not glycosphingolipids, are probably involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
Preliminary characterization of the oligosaccharide component of arylsulfatase B from human placenta.
Authors: Laidler P , Gałka-Walczak M , Lityńska A
Published: January 2020

Isoelectric focusing of homogenous arylsulfatase B from human placenta pointed to the presence of enzymatically active and inactive forms of high pI (pH 9-8) and of lower pI (pH 6.5-5.5). Glycan chain analysis performed with the use of a Glycan Differentiation Kit showed that basic forms of arylsulfatase B from human placenta contained mostly high mannose/hybrid type glycans, with 6-O-L-fucose bound to the innermost N-acetylglucosamine residue, whereas acidic forms of the enzyme contained complex type glycans containing fucose and sialic acid. However, the latter forms constitute a small percentage of the total carbohydrate component. Lectin affinity chromatography of the native enzyme confirmed the presence of a core fucose and a sialic acid.
Structural and serological characterization of Hafnia alvei lipopolysaccharide core region.
Authors: Lugowski C , Niedziela T , Jachymek W , Klonowska A , Czarny A , Rowiński S , Petersson C , Kenne L
Published: January 2020

The structures and serological activities of core oligosaccharide of Hafnia alvei strains have been investigated. Methylation analysis, NMR spectroscopy and various specific degradation procedures were the principal methods used. It is concluded that, core hexasaccharides are identical in the lipopolysaccharides tested and are built of two glucose, three heptose and one 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid residues. The antiserum raised against the ATCC13337 oligosaccharide core-tetanus toxoid conjugate cross-reacted strongly with all lipopolysaccharides used as antigens in ELISA test, suggesting that this core region is the common structure in the Hafnia genus.
Synthesis of 5-IASA-UDP-GlcNAc and its use for the photoaffinity labeling of a novel UDP-GlcNAc pyrophosphorylase.
Authors: Szumiło H , Szumiło T , Elbein A D
Published: January 2020

Photoreactivable 5-[3-(p-iodoazidosalicylamide)allyl]-UDP-GlcNAc (5-IASA-UDP-GlcNAc) was synthesized by a four-step procedure and used for photoaffinity labeling of UDP-GlcNAc-dependent enzymes. Upon iodination with 125I, the compound was successfully applied to probe a purified UDP-GlcNAc pyrophosphorylase from pig liver. The enzyme was photoinactivated by the probe in the concentration-dependent manner, and was protected by UDP-GlcNAc and, to a lesser extent, by UTP and UDP-GlcCOOH.
Expression of the plum pox coat protein gene in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants.
Authors: Wypijewski K J , Musiaø W G , Misztal L , Pater B , Malinowski T , Augustyniak J
Published: January 2020

Plant expression vector pBI 121 containing the gene encoding coat protein of Plum Pox Virus of the Skierniewice isolate (CP PPV-S) was prepared (clone pCM1). The construct was used for transformation of Nicotiana tabacum plants using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens based system. About 82% of kanamycin resistant plant lines contained a transgene (the sequence of CP PPV-S) but only 81% of them actively expressed the PPV-S coat protein gene as measured by RT-PCR.
Energetics of Cd2+ efflux system in cadmium-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 17810R.
Authors: Tynecka Z , Malm A
Published: January 2020

Energetics of 109Cd efflux in resting cells of cadmium-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 17810R was assayed in 1 or 100 mM potassium/sodium phosphate buffer, pH7 (PB). Experiments with the use of inhibitors and ionophores showed that Cd2+ extrusion in this organism required ATP and either a pH gradient (delta pH) in 1 mM PB or membrane potential (delta psi) in 100 mM PB. The role of high phosphate ion concentration in delta psi-dependent Cd2+ efflux is discussed.
CORRELAÇÕES ENTRE VARIÁVEIS QUANTITATIVAS E QUALITATIVAS DE MILHO E DE SORGO PARA SILAGEM
Authors: PAZIANI SOLIDETE DE FÁTIMA , DUARTE AILDSON PEREIRA , NUSSIO LUIZ GUSTAVO , FREITAS ROGÉRIO SOARES DE , GALLO PAULO BOLLER , MATEUS GUSTAVO PAVAN
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer correlações de Pearson entre variáveis quantitativas e qualitativas de milho e sorgo, visando definir os parâmetros mais importantes para predição do potencial produtivo e valor nutricional de forragem para silagem. Para sorgo, a produção de matéria seca (PMS) correlacionou-se (P0,01) mais com a produção de grãos na ensilagem (PGE, 0,78), fração panícula (0,55) e fração colmo (-0,48). A digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS) da planta correlacionou-se significativamente com PGE (0,57), PMS (0,57), digestibilidade de colmo (0,57) e teor de FDA da planta (-0,62). A produção de matéria seca digestível (PMSDig) foi influenciada por PGE (0,77), PMS (0,95), fração panícula (0,51), teor de FDA da planta (-0,60) e digestibilidade da planta (0,79). Para milho, a PMS foi mais influenciada pela PGE (0,52) e a digestibilidade da planta foi mais influenciada por digestibiliade de colmo (0,77), teor de FDA da planta (-0,63) e teor de FDN da planta (-0,62). A PMSdig de milho correlacionou mais com PGE (0,50) e PMS (0,91), digestibilidades de colmo (0,59) e da planta (0,74). Concluiu-se que, em ambas as culturas, as variáveis que mais contribuíram para maior PMSDig foram PMS, PGE e digestibilidade da planta.
DESEMPENHO DE VARIEDADES DE SORGO DUPLA APTIDÃO SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA
Authors: COSTA JOÃO PAULO NUNES , COSTA ANDREA RAQUEL FERNANDES CARLOS DA , MEDEIROS JOSÉ FRANCISMAR DE , SILVA MAX VENÍCIUS TEXEIRA DA , LINO VITOR ABEL DA SILVA
Published: January 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade de grãos e de colmos, e a qualidade do caldo de cultivares de sorgo dupla aptidão, submetidas a diferentes concentrações salinas da água e lâminas de irrigação. Os fatores estudados foram arranjados em parcelas subdivididas (4x3)x3, sendo as quatro concentrações salinas (CE = 0,8; 2,4; 3,4; e 4,8 dS m-1) e as três lâminas (306, 378 e 490 mm) em fatorial nas parcelas e as três cultivares nas subdivididas (BRS 506, IPA 2502 e Ponta Negra), e delineados em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. O experimento foi conduzido por 120 dias, e nesse período as plantas foram avaliadas quanto a produção de grãos, massa seca e fresca do colmo e ºBrix do caldo. Observou-se que a redução de 23% da lâmina considerada potencial para a cultura não prejudicou o rendimento total e de colmos das cultivares de sorgo BRS 506 e Ponta Negra. A cultivar de sorgo BRS 506 é mais sensível a salinidade, porém apresenta os maiores teores de sólidos solúveis, sendo a mais indicada para produção de etanol e açúcar. Não houve efeito significativo das lâminas de irrigação e da salinidade da água de irrigação sobre a massa de 100 grãos e produtividade de grãos das cultivares de sorgo. A cultivar IPA 2502 apresenta o pior rendimento independentemente da lâmina e da salinidade da água de irrigação.
Honouring Caribbean Folk Cultures: A Personal Reflection
Authors: Layne Glenda-Rose
Published: January 2020

Drawing on my considerable knowledge of the field, this essay examines key components of the intangible cultural heritage of several Caribbean countries. It maps pictures of cultural similarities which can be traced to their roots in traditional sub-Saharan, African cultures. The article demonstrates that oral African cultural traditions derived from a rich cultural heritage are shared by the former Anglo and Francophone, Caribbean colonies. The article suggests that the cultural similarities in the folk culture, help Caribbean people to identify with each other as members of the larger African diaspora. Furthermore, the article also explores possible roles of synergy theatre, digitization and animation as mechanisms to maintain and retain the folk culture, once disseminated exclusively by our oral cultural traditions.
Narratives of Resistance in Trinidad’s Calypso and Soca Music
Authors: Sylvester Meagan A.
Published: January 2020

In Trinidad, the historical, socio-political and economic conditions which gave rise to the birth of Calypso are usually highlighted, in the existing literature, however, there is very little information regarding the oppositional lyrics of current Soca songs. By concentrating on the praxis of cultural resistance exemplified in the narratives of selected Carnival, Calypso and Soca songs, this article expands the existing discourse. Trinidad’s Carnival, post-emancipation, has important societal roles and functions. This article demonstrates that Carnival functions as performative rituals of resistance, individual and community awakening and identity development. Carnival’s established roles, functions and rituals are deliberately designed to disrupt the status quo.
Sabbath
Authors: Zacca Donnette
Published: January 2020

Photo entitled “Sabbath” featuring an elegantly dressed church goer as she makes her way to church along the beach, reflective and unhurried, amidst the fishing boats, with a describing statement from the artist.
Öğrencilerin Yazma Kaygıları ve Eğilimlerine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: DENİZ Hacer , DEMİR Sezgin
Published: January 2020

Yazma eğitimini olumsuz etkileyen durumlardan biri olarak yazma kaygısı, öğrencilerin yazma beceri gelişimini engellemektedir. Yazma eğilimi yazma ilgi ve isteğiyle becerinin kullanılma oranıdır. Dolayısıyla yazma becerisinin kazanımı, gelişimi ve alışkanlık hâline getirilmesi yazma kaygısıyla olduğu kadar yazma eğilimiyle de ilişkilidir. Çalışmanın amacı; Türkçe öğretmenlerinin, öğrencilerin yazma kaygıları ve eğilimlerine ilişkin görüşlerinin tespit edilmesidir. Nitel desenlerden fenomenolojik türde gerçekleştirilen araştırmada veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Aşamalı ve amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle gönüllülük esasına dayalı belirlenen çalışma grubu, Elazığ il merkezinde görev yapan 12 Türkçe öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Yüz yüze gerçekleştirilen görüşmelerde araştırmacılar tarafından yarı yapılandırılmış olarak geliştirilen görüşme formu kullanılmış, frekans dağılımlarına göre tablolaştırılan bulgular alan yazın doğrultusunda yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak öğretmen, aile ve akran tutumu, kullanılan yöntem ve teknikler, özgüven, eğitim sistemi ve metin türünün yazma kaygı ve eğilim düzeylerinde etkili olduğu, öğrencilerin yazma kaygıları arttıkça eğilimlerinin azaldığı söylenebilir.