bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEPARATION OF EXFOLIATED EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM HUMAN URINE SAMPLES FOR CYTOGENETIC AND CYTOTOXIC EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF FACTORS BY THE MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana M.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Numerous research studies indicate a relationship between the risk of developing bladder cancer and an increase in the number of exfoliative epithelial cells (EEC) with micronuclei (MN) in the urine. Since cancer in most cases develops precisely from epithelial cells, a standardized method for their isolation and analysis is needed. When assessing mutagenicity, the toxicity of a factor, hazard class, it is important to evaluate not only it is cytogenetic but also cytotoxic effect. Material and methods. As a method for isolating cells from urine samples, we used the modified Stich method. To assess cytogenetic damage in the EEC, the ME test was used. results. The result of our research was the simplified modified method for isolating cells from urine samples given in the article, their color, microphotograph, and criteria for analyzing cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects. Using a modified method, we found that approximately 75% of the cells in the urine of women enter the urine from the reproductive system. With tamponade, the number of squamous epithelium cells decreases average by 2 times and the number of lysed cells decreases average by 3.5 times, but the proliferation rate increases (the frequency of binuclear cells) by 2 times. At the same time, the sensitivity of the method itself increases as a result of a the gain in the number of urothelial cells taken in the analysis, which are more sensitive to cytogenetic effects. The proposed advanced protocol for the analysis of the EEC of urine with the fixation of cytotoxic damage (the frequency of occurrence of cells with condensation, lysis, vacuolization of the nucleus) and changes in proliferation (the frequency of dual-core cells) increases the sensitivity and informativeness of the method. conclusion. Thus, the modification of the MN method of the urine EEC test developed by us is informative as it demonstrates genotoxic and cytotoxic damage, changes in proliferation, the presence of an inflammatory process and its cause. The test is economical, suitable for the mass monitoring of the population because it is non-invasive and allows collecting material outside the clinic.
EFFECTS OF WILDFIRE EMISSION ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN WHITE RATS
Authors: Vokina Vera A. , Novikov M. A. , Elfimova T. A. , Bogomolova E. S. , Alekseenko A. N. , Sosedova L. M.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The study of the mechanisms of action of combustion products released during natural fires on the body and the development of appropriate preventive measures is an actual hygienic problem at the present stage. Material and methods. Experimental modeling of landscape fire was carried out for 7 days, 4 hours per day. Forest fuel, which is a living ground cover and plant residues, was used as a combustible substrate. The concentration of carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, furfural, and acetaldehyde was determined in the exposure chamber, the general qualitative composition of air and the target qualitative analysis for volatile aldehydes and ketones were carried out. After exposure rat behavior was observed through an open field test and Morris water maze, histological studies of brain tissue were done. Results. During the experiment changes in the structure of the behavior of white rats exposed to smoke were established to be characterized by a decrease in motor and exploratory activity, and an increase in the level of anxiety in females was also observed. When testing in the water maze of Morris revealed violations of spatial memory and the ability to navigational learning. Histological examination of the cerebral cortex in animals of the experimental groups revealed multiple foci of neuronophagy, expansion of perivascular spaces, and the development of glial cell replacement hyperplasia was noted. Conclusion. The results indicate the presence of a neurotoxic effect of combustion products, characterized by a decrease in the motor activity of animals, increased anxiety and impaired memory processes, as well as morphological changes in the brain tissue of white rats. However, in order to reveal the role of the impact of a complex of substances released during forest fires, their contribution to morphological and functional disorders, furthermore in-depth studies are required.
THE IMPACT OF NON-LOCAL ACTIVATION AND ASSOCIATED WATER PHASE PARA-STATE ON AN AQUATIC ORGANISMS DAPHNIA MAGNA LIFETIME
Authors: Iksanova T. I. , Kamenetskya D. B. , Stekhin A. A. , Yakovleva G. V. , Kochetkova M. G.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. The work is devoted to the study of associated water phase magnetic state influence, represented by amorphous ice with a modified ratio of isomers in the increasing of para-water proportion, and non-local water activation based on the technology of non-local quantum water conjugation with the production activating process, on the vital hydrobionts Daphnia magna signs. Material and methods. The studies were carried out using non-locally activated drinking water “Si” and a para-water concentrate prepared in hypomagnetic conditions at a residual magnetic flux density not more than 20ntl according to the manufacturer’s technology. The para-water concentrate was introduced into the hydrobionts medium in the ratio of 9 ml per 1 liter of water under study. To obtain offspring, individuals were used, derived on the settled tap water (1st generation) and individuals, derived on the water “Si” - 2nd generation. One-day individuals of Daphnia magna were placed in the amount of 20pcs/l of the studied water and the entire life cycle were kept in optimal conditions: climatostat P-2 (temperature - 20±1°C, illumination - 1200-2500lux, photoperiod - 12/12) hour. Feeding of Daphnia was carried out by Chlorella microalgae grown on the medium “Tamiya”-50% with a density D=0.65-0.72. Results. The life expectancy of Daphnia magna hydrobionts in the non-locally activated environment (water “Si”) increases by an average of 38 days in the first generation and 50 days in the second generation, and in an environment with a potentiating additive para-water associates for 58 days (first generation) and 41 days (second generation).The life expectancy of aquatic animals is related by negative correlation with the change in values of the oxidation-reductant potential (Eh) of the environment of hydrobionts development (Corr.=-0.993 (1st generation). Both non-local water activation and spin-modification of its associated phase by para-isomers demonstrate an increase in the hydrobionts productivity: - in non-locally activated water - 1.20 (1st generation) and 2.68 (2nd generation); - in non-locally activated water with the addition of para-water - 1.39 (1st generation) and 1.97 (2nd generation) times. Conclusion. From the results it follows that the determining factor in the hydrobionts medium is its quantum coupling with electron sources in the external environment. This determines the importance of water quantum coupling with natural ecosystems, affecting cellular metabolism. Spin para modification of the associated water phase leads to an additional increase in the hydrobionts life expectancy in the first generation. In the second generation, the influence of para-water is accompanied by some decrease in both the life hydrobionts expectancy and their productivity.
ON THE RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH OF STUDENTS OF OCCUPATIONAL COLLEGES DEPENDING ON THE CHARACTER OF REALIZED OCCUPATIONS
Authors: Kuchma V. R. , Shubochkina Evgeniya I. , Yanushanets O. I. , Cheprasov V. V.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. At the prenosological level, the impact of vocational training conditions on the indices of health and the quality of life of college students who master groups of occupations that are different in nature and working conditions was assessed. Material and methods. A survey of 1- and 3-year students engaged in vocational secondary education with conditionally “light” (woodworking and restoration) and “difficult” (welders and car mechanics) conditions of work practice was conducted. The questionnaire of quality of life (MOS SF-36) was used, medical and social status was assessed (complaints, the presence of chronic diseases, assessment of well-being, the severity of fatigue, ARVI morbidity rate). The results are processed according to the standard software package using evidence-based medicine. Results. There were obtained marked differences in the nature of the influence of learning conditions on the health and quality of life of students undergoing industrial training in different hygienic conditions. The impact of training and production load during the development of conditionally “light” professions was accompanied by an increase in the health index of graduates, a decrease in the frequency of complaints of headaches and pain associated with ARVI, an increase in undifferentiated complaints. Indices of the quality of life were characterized by an increase in role-based physical functioning (RPF) and a decrease in mental health (MH), which was correlated with increased fatigue. When teaching “hard” occupations in 3-year students, there was an increase in the total number of complaints, complaints of weakness, complaints related to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), musculoskeletal system and other (undifferentiated) complaints. Indicators of quality of life decreased according to two parameters of physical health (RPF and GIT) and two parameters of mental health (role emotional functioning and MH). conclusion. The significant contribution of occupational training to the deterioration of functional capabilities and the quality of life associated with health is shown for college graduates who learn occupations a profession with “hard” working conditions. Attention is drawn to new forms of the implementation of vocational training in the dual (practice-oriented) training system with an increase in production training time at the workplaces of enterprises, as well as issues of improving the medical support system for students in vocational colleges.
AGE FEATURES OF THE EXCRETION OF CARBONILIC COMPOUNDS WITH URINE IN CHILDREN IN UNEXPOSED TERRITORY
Authors: Zhurba Olga M. , Efimova N. V. , Alekseenko A. N. , Merinov A. V.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Carbonyl compounds (CC) are pollutants affecting the population and occupying an exceptional position in various fields of human activity. A significant source of CC is tobacco smoke. Material and methods. Urine samples of 278 children were analyzed by the method of gas chromatography. Additionally, there were studied dependencies of the content of the CC on the harmful chemical effects in living conditions: active and passive smoking. The assessment of the effect of smoking on formaldehyde emissions (FD) was carried out using the chi-square test for a 3x3 table. Results. The results obtained on the content of CC in the urine in several age groups. FD concentrations, in general, were shown to be in the range from 1.2 to 207.1 μg/dm3. The highest values were observed in the children’s population of the age group up to 7 years and in the group of 15-17 years. For representatives of the 1st (up to 7 years) and 3rd (15-17 years) age groups, the concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetone were in the range: for acetaldehyde - from 4.0 to 179.7 µg/dm3, acetone - from 0.35 to 11.95 µg/dm3. A statistically significant direct relationship was found between active smoking and FD content in urine (rsp = 0.24, p = 0.033); the reverse is with acetone content (rsp = 0.23, p = 0.042), and the inverse correlation between acetaldehyde content and passive smoking (rsp = 0.23, p = 0.038). Conclusion. The highest content of formaldehyde in the urine was found in groups “up to 7 years old” and “15-17 years old”. No age and gender differences in acetaldehyde and acetone concentrations were found.
THE ROLE OF POLLUTANTS OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND PESTICIDES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2
Authors: Khamitova R. Ya.
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Primary and secondary review of epidemiological studies on the importance of atmospheric air pollutants and chemical pesticides for the development of diabetes mellitus is presented. Material and methods. The article includes reviews using the ISI-Web of Science, EMBASE and PubMed database for systematic review and meta-analysis, and original studies from PubMed and RISC until March 2018 to assess the cause-effect relationships of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with air pollutants and chemical pesticides. Results. Chemical pollution is considered as a new risk factor for insulin resistance and development of CD2, although the number of publications is limited, and the degree of validity of the findings is very wide. The evidence base for the effect on the incidence of diabetes type 2 is the most complete for organochlorine pesticides (DDT, DDE, HCH) and persistent organic pollutants, which are impurities of the commodity forms of individual preparations. It is supported by systematic reviews, meta-analysis, survey results, the content of active ingredients in biomaterial, risk calculations. Data for assessing the interrelationships of diabetes and glyphosates, chlorophenoxyacetates, pyrethroids and other pesticides widely used in the last two decades are insufficient for statistical generalizations. Intermediate position on the degree of evidence of diabetogenic properties occupies air pollutants (PM2,5, PM10, NO2). The role of the genetic component, obesity, metabolic disorders for the incidence of diabetes in conditions of technogenic pollution is discussed. Conclusion. Targeted epidemiological studies are needed on the environmental risks associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by air pollutants and pesticides used at this stage for the organization of preventive measures.
The role of intestinal microflora in the development of cholelithiasis (literature review)
Authors: Hohlacheva N. A. , Glazyrina N. N. , Lukashevich A. P. , Vahrushev Ja. M. , Kosareva T. S.
Published: February 2020

Cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases of the digestive system, which affects all segments of the population. Currently, cholelithiasis is considered as a long, multi-stage process in which the period of stone formation is preceded by changes in metabolism and physical and chemical properties of bile. However, among the many contributing factors, insufficient attention is paid to the role of the infectious factor in the development of cholelithiasis. The analysis of the literature data showed that today there are various mechanisms for promoting ob development of cholelithiasis by excess enteral bacterial grouth. First, with excessive bacterial growth, duodeno-biliary reflux leads to infection of the biliary tract and the development of inflammation in the gallbladder. Substances that occur during the inflammatory process (proteins, mucus, exfoliated epithelium) are the matrix on which the gallstone is formed. Secondly, the role of dysbiosis in violation of enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is essential. The change in the ratio of conjugated and deconjugated bile acids contributes to the formation of lithogenic bile. Third, excessive bacterial growth leads to endotoxemia, which has a damaging effect on the metabolism of bile acids in the liver. Finally, in a certain dependence on the microbiota is the digestive and suction functions of the small intestine, but the participation of this channel in cholelithiasis requires further research.
An integrated approach to the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis from the position of the international classification of functioning
Authors: Ahunova R. R. , Ahunova G. R.
Published: February 2020

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic, gradually progressive inflammatory disease characterized by lesions of the sacroiliac joints and / or spine, which can occur with simultaneous lesions of the enthesis and peripheral joints, leading to early disability and a decrease in the quality of life of patients, mainly young age. The international society for evaluation of spondylarthritis (ASAS) recommended a combination of nonpharmacological and pharmacological methods in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with ankylosing spondylitis for the longest possible preservation of the quality of life of patients, which requires a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach.

Currently, in many European countries, the international classification of functioning, disability and health (IСF) is used as a universal approach to the assessment of human health. The IСF classifies the different areas of each patient’s life that are health-related and affect health, thus describing changes in their physical functioning and psychological well-being. It helps to introduce multidisciplinary, patient-centered, problem-oriented rehabilitation care into the real work of clinics.

The IСF shows a broader and more meaningful picture of the patient’s health, which allows the multidisciplinary team to consider the patient from different perspectives — biological, personal and social. Using the IСF in the process of complex therapy and rehabilitation of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, a multidisciplinary team can achieve a more complete coherence of views in the treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, which is very important in achieving the success of therapy of this category of patients.
Contabilidade ambiental: um estudo sobre o impacto dos eventos econômico-ambientais nas organizações
Authors: Ferreira Felipe Sebastião da Silva , Gonzales Alexandre
Published: February 2020

A questão ambiental está presente nas organizações e tornou-se uma preocupação das administrações e diretorias corporativas. Desta maneira, identificar quais são os desembolsos gerados pelas organizações no processo de adequação à legislação ambiental e na execução de atividades de gestão ambiental foi o problema de pesquisa deste trabalho. O objetivo foi propiciar ao leitor uma visão dos gastos realizados pelas entidades em transações que envolvam elementos ambientais, bem como retratar o papel da contabilidade ambiental. O trabalho se amparou em um estudo de caso realizado em uma indústria paulista localizada no Município de Mauá, com a devida autorização da empresa estudada, e se utilizou de informações fornecidas pelos departamentos contábil e ambiental. Foi possível concluir que os gastos de natureza ambiental despertam a atenção dos administradores, apesar de terem sido pequenos em termos relativos, comparativamente com os demais gastos, e a contabilidade figurou como fonte de informação aos administradores para que os impactos ambientais no resultado pudessem ser visualizados.
A Demonstração do fluxo de caixa como instrumento de gerenciamento e controle financeiro para as micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Vieira Eloir Trindade Vasques , Batistoti Janaina Vareiro da Costa
Published: February 2020

No ambiente atual, onde a competitividade está presente em vários cenários, se faz necessário que as empresas tenham um maior controle de suas informações financeiras, ou seja, o quanto se gasta e o quanto se tem em caixa. Desta forma, o administrador necessita de ferramentas que possam auxiliá-lo nessa análise, para que se tenha uma visão detalhada sobre os recursos financeiros que a organização dispõe. Assim apresentou se a demonstração do fluxo de caixa, que não é só um relatório exigido por lei para grandes empresas, mas também pode ser utilizado como uma ferramenta de gerenciamento e controle financeiro para qualquer empresa, bem como se utilizado como instrumento de gestão, pode ser capaz de apontar direções para a tomada de decisão também nas pequenas e médias empresas. Observou-se por meio de uma simulação que a Demonstração do fluxo de Caixa é de grande importância e que de maneira mais simplificada, o empreendedor pode utilizar esse recurso para visualizar suas saídas de recursos, podendo com isso ter maior controle sobre suas finanças, além de ser um instrumento de planejamento financeiro, dando suporte a toda a organização.
Motivação como ferramenta para aumento da produtividade em empresas familiares
Authors: Laruccia Mauro , Matias Ana Maria Jansen
Published: February 2020

Esta pesquisa relata as definições de empresa familiar, suas características, seus pontos fortes, pontos a desenvolver e como estas variáveis podem ou não ocorrer e interferir no ambiente organizacional das empresas. Discorre sobre o que desperta a motivação em um colaborador e as teorias motivacionais. A liderança, as formas de se liderar, a importância de um líder para motivar os colaboradores. Traz o estudo de caso de uma empresa, localizada nos bairros da Lapa e Vila Olímpia, em São Paulo. Apresenta a estrutura e as diretrizes da empresa quanto aos seus pontos fortes e fracos a partir da aplicação de um questionário sobre a motivação, aplicado aos funcionários e demonstrado em gráficos que analisados permitem que se tracem sugestões de melhoria por meio de teorias justificadas cientificamente.
Técnicas e dispositivos para um banho inteligente
Authors: Araújo Alex Sandro , Timm Lucas Lemos , Mello Simmer Luiz , Arruda Antonio Carlos Santos , Paiva Gilberto , Moreira Raphael Garcia , Freitas Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2020

O atual cenário observado nas fontes energéticas e hídricas do Brasil exige formas de uso mais controladas que garantam a sustentabilidade destes recursos. Nesse sentido, a proposta deste trabalho foi a de produzir resultados que possam ser rapidamente empregados pela sociedade de todas as classes sociais em um ambiente onde mais se concentra o consumo de água e energia: o box do banheiro. Foram desenvolvidas quatro estratégias que irão auxiliar o uso racional da água e energia. O primeiro consiste de uma intervenção sistêmica dos chuveiros domésticos visando reduzir o consumo de energia em até 75% além de reduzir a vazão de água, sem danificar a resistência elétrica. Uma segunda estratégia é o aperfeiçoamento de um trocador de calor para chuveiro que aproveita o calor da água rejeitada para o ralo para pré-aquecer a água que irá entrar no chuveiro, com aproveitamento de até 44%. Como terceira estratégia, uma camada de material hidrofóbica foi depositada sobre as paredes internas do box do chuveiro, visando diminuir a retenção de sujeiras e resíduos nestas superfícies, que resultou na redução da necessidade de lavar este ambiente e, por fim, uma quarta estratégia consiste de um sistema que monitora a atividade do banho por meio da resistividade da água descartada no ralo, esta resistividade irá indicar se a pessoa ainda está tomando banho ou se está havendo desperdício, caso seja caracterizado o desperdício uma solenoide irá cortar o fornecimento de água do chuveiro. Os resultados obtidos foram aderentes com o projetado e o trabalho sugere que novos estudos podem ser feitos visando melhorar a eficiência energética e hídrica no local de banho.
Implementação de manutenção preventiva estratégica para os negócios
Authors: De Oliveira Albert Vilela , Dos Santos Bruno Borges , Santos Josvaldo da Silva , Magalhães Márcio Henrique , De Freitas Carlos Alberto , S. de Arruda Antonio Carlos
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo trata da aplicação de métodos investigativos estruturados para a solução de falhas na produção industrial de uma empresa com a finalidade de tornar a manutenção mais estratégica e eficiente.Os tempos de paradas do maquinário, bem como suas particularidades, contextualizados na estrutura própria da produção e da manutenção da fábrica, foram objetos de uma análise crítica. Tal análise, por meio do planejamento detalhado de uma manutenção preventiva, busca solucionar um problema de ineficiência outrora desconhecido, melhorando assim o desempenho geral da produção da planta em que o estudo é aplicado.O contexto em que se encontra a indústria de papel brasileira, atualmente, também, é objeto de breve análise neste estudo, com o objetivo de proporcionar uma visão de como o mercado global se comporta em relação às tendências de produção do setor.

Obs: Este resumo não atende as exigências do ?gênero resumo/científico?, o qual deve explicitar em seu conteúdo, os elementos estruturais como: objetivo da pesquisa, aportes teórico-metodológicos, procedimentos metodológicos incluindo: tipo de pesquisa, tipo de abordagem, explicitação do objeto de análise (coleta e seleção de dados) e apresentação dos resultados...
O Uso da contabilidade na gestão de empresas de Pequeno e Médio Porte
Authors: Tonsic de Araujo Daniel , De Iudícibus Sérgio , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro , Marion José Carlos
Published: February 2020

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de verificar a aplicação das informações contábeis em empresas PME do setor de transporte urbano de passageiros e compreender a importância que os gestores dessas empresas atribuem a essas informações. Este trabalho, de caráter exploratório e qualitativo, utilizou como metodologia entrevistas semiestruturadas em que os participantes foram três empresas que se enquadram como PME e que possuem, em seu portfólio de serviços, concessão de linhas de transporte público. Com base no estudo, foi possível notar que os empresários atribuem grande importância às informações geradas pelo departamento contábil, principalmente em aspectos relacionados à gestão estratégica e aproveitamento tributário. Ainda foi possível apurar que há grande preocupação dos gestores quanto à tempestividade e relevância da informação. Por ser predominantemente elaborado por escritórios terceirizados, os entrevistados se mostraram insatisfeitos com o distanciamento entre empresa e escritórios na tratativa de problemas cotidianos. Além disso, há grande interesse em informações além da escrituração contábil, como por exemplo, soluções corporativas e aproveitamento e otimização tributária.
Meme Kanseri Tedavisiyle İlişkili Lenfödemi Olan Hastalarda Lenfödem Şiddetinin Yaşam Kalitesi, Üst Ekstremite Fonksiyonu ve Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi Üzerindeki Etkileri
Authors: ORHAN Ceren , ÖZGÜL Serap , NAKİP Gülbala , BARAN Emine , ÜZELPASACI Esra , ÇİNAR Gamze Nalan , AKSOY Sercan , AKBAYRAK Türkan
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, meme kanseri
tedavisi ile ilişkili hafif, orta ve şiddetli lenfödemi olan hasta grupları
arasında yaşam kalitesi, üst ekstremitenin fonksiyonel durumu ve fiziksel
aktivite düzeyindeki karşılaştırmaktı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya, meme
kanseri tedavisi ile ilişkili lenfödem tanısı olan 83 kadın (% 24 hafif, % 41
orta, % 35 şiddetli) katıldı. Lenfödemin varlığı ve şiddeti çevre ölçümü ile
belirlendi. Lenfödem Yaşam Kalite Ölçeği (LYKÖ), Kol, Omuz ve El Sorunları Anketi’nin
kısa versiyonu (DASH) ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi’nin kısa formu (UFAA-KF),
sırasıyla yaşam kalitesi, üst ekstremitenin fonksiyonel durumu ve fiziksel
aktivite düzeyinin değerlendirilmesi için kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Hafif,
orta ve şiddetli lenfödemi olan hastalar arasında yaşam kalitesi ve üst
ekstremitenin fonksiyonel durumu açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark
vardı (p<0.05). Ancak, fiziksel
aktivite düzeyinden üç grup arasında anlamlı fark yoktu (p>0.05). İkili analizlerin sonuçlarına göre, şiddetli lenfödemi
olan hastalarda, yaşam kalitesinin fonksiyon, görünüm ve semptom alt
alanlarının ve üst ekstremitenin fonksiyonel durumunun hafif derecede lenfödemi
olan hastalara göre daha fazla etkilendiği bulundu (p<0.016). Lenfödem şiddeti ile LYKÖ fonksiyon, görünüm ve
semptom alt alanları ve DASH arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ancak zayıf
bir ilişki bulundu (p≤0.01).

Tartışma ve Sonuç: Şiddetli
lenfödemi olan hastalarda yaşam kalitesinin ve üst ekstremitenin fonksiyonel
durumunun hafif lenfödemi olan hastalara göre daha fazla etkilendiği bulundu.
Bu sonuçlar, meme kanseri cerrahisi geçiren bireylerde lenfödem hafif düzeyden
ileri düzeye geçtiğinde yaşam kalitesi ve üst ekstremite fonksiyonelliğinin etkilenebileceğini
göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla bu etkilenimi önlemek veya azaltmak için lenfödemin
erken dönemde belirlenmesi ve tedavi edilmesi önemlidir.
Genel Anestezi Altında Laparoskopik Transabdominal Preperitoneal ve Total Ekstraperitoneal Herni Tamirinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÇELİK Yahya , ERBİL Ozan Andaç
Published: February 2020

Amaç:
Bu
çalışmada laparoskopik herni tamirinde kullanılan iki yöntemi karşılaştırmak ve
hangi tekniğin hangi hasta gruplarında üstün olabileceğini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır.Gereç
ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2016—Ocak 2018 döneminde hastanemizde
inguinal herni tanısı alıp laparoskopik transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP)
ve total ekstraperitoneal (TEP) yöntemle opere edilen hastaların kayıtları retrospektif
olarak incelendi. Çalışmaya 18 yaş üstü, elektif ameliyat edilen ve primer
inguinal hernisi olan hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, ameliyat
süresi, yatış süresi, takip süresi, hematom ve seroma oluşumu, testis enflamasyonu,
kronik kasık ağrısı, yeniden opere edilme ve nüks ve komplikasyon gelişimi verileri
incelendi. Bulgular:
TEP yöntemle opere edilmiş 99 (96 erkek, 3
kadın), TAPP yöntemle opere edilmiş 65 (59
erkek, 6 kadın) hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Ortalama TEP ve TAPP hasta yaşı sırasıyla
50,3±12 ve
52,7±9,4 yıl olarak tespit edildi. İki grup arasında seroma oluşumu ve
nüks gelişimi bakımından anlamlı fark görülmedi (p>0,005). Ortalama
ameliyat süresi TEP hastalarda (70,4±25,9 dk.) TAPP hastalara (66,0±26,5 dk.) kıyasla
daha uzun olmakla birlikte fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Ortalama
yatış ve işe dönüş süreleri benzerdi.

Tartışma
ve Sonuç: Laparoskopik herni tamirinde TEP ve TAPP yöntem karşılaştırılmış,
bu iki yöntemle kaydedilen ortalama ameliyat ve işe dönüş sürelerinin, nüks ve komplikasyon
oranlarının benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Batın içi yapışıklıkları olan hastalarda
TEP, geniş eksplorasyon gereken durumlarda TAPP yöntem daha uygun görünmektedir.
Fatih ve II. Bayezid Devri’nde İran’dan Anadolu’ya Gelen Meşhur Hekimler ve Osmanlı Tıbbına Katkıları
Authors: ÖZDİNÇ Ahmet
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Fatih Sultan Mehmed ve
II. Bayezid Devri’nde İran’dan gelen meşhur hekimlerin çalışmalarını ve Osmanlı
tıbbına katkılarını incelemek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tarihi
kaynaklar ve çağdaş çalışmalar belgesel tarama yöntemiyle incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: İran’dan gelen sekiz meşhur hekim
tespit edilmiştir: Molla Hekim Kutbeddin, Hekim Lârî, Hekim Hoca
Ataullah, Hekim Ahi Çelebi, Gıyaseddin Muhammed el-Sayrafî el-İsfahanî el-Tabib,
Molla Hekim Şah Mehmed Kazvinî, Molla Hekim Şükrüllah Şirvanî, ve Mesud b.
Hakimuddin el-Tabib el-Hasanî el-Şirazî el-Gilânî. Bu hekimlerin eserleri
biyografik bilgilerle birlikte açıklanmıştır.

Tartışma ve Sonuç: Başta Ahi
Çelebi ve Kazvinî olmak üzere, Fatih ve II. Bayezid Devri’nde İran’dan gelen
hekimlerin Osmanlı tıbbına zenginleştirici, yenilikçi katkıları olmuştur. Ahi Çelebi’nin böbrek ve mesane taşlarına dair monografisi özellikle dikkat
çekicidir. Bu hekimlerin bilgi birikimleri ve yetenekleri saray
ve çevresinde önemli yerler edinmelerini sağlamıştır.
Pendidikan Nilai Kepedulian Sosial Melalui Budaya Sekolah (Studi Fenomenologi di SD Tumbuh I Yogyakarta)
Authors: Sartono E. Kus Eddy
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan  pola pendidikan nilai kepedulian sosial melalui budaya sekolah  di SD Tumbuh 1 Jl. A.M. Sangaji No. 48 Kelurahan Cokrodiningratan, Kecamatan Jetis,Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Penelitian dilakukan di SD Tumbuh 1 Yogyakarta. Obyek penelitian adalah semua fenomena yang menjadi fokus penelitian, sedangkan subyeknya  SD Tumbuh 1 Yogyakarta. Narasumber adalah pengurus sekolah, guru, siswa, karyawan. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Untuk memperoleh keabsahan data, dilakukan dengan uji kredibilitas, triangulasi baik teknik, sumber dan  waktu,  Peer debriefing. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif, meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Pendidikan nilai kepedulian sosial di SD Tumbuh 1 Yogyakarta dilaksanakan tidak hanya melalui kurikulum dalam bentuk mata pelajaran integratif dengan Pendidikan Multikultural, akan tetapi juga dilaksanakan dalam diri pribadi warga sekolah baik guru, tenaga administrasi, tenaga pembantu umum bahkan penjaga keamanan, dalam bentuk keteladanan konkrit. Di samping itu, bangunan sekolah baik interior maupun eksterior dimanfaatkan secara cerdas oleh sekolah untuk membangun karakter siswa, salah satunya kepedulian pada cagar budaya bangsa.
Upaya meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah melalui Model Problem Posing pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika
Authors: Cipta Hendhisca , Lestari Tria
Published: February 2020

This research is motivated by the low problem solving ability of students in Mathematics in class V SDIT Nurut Taqwa West Cikarang. This study aims to improve the ability to solve Mathematical problems through Problem Posing learning models for fifth grade students at SDIT Nurut Taqwa Cikarang Barat. This research method uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of 3 cycles. Each cycle consists of stages of action planning, implementation of actions, stages of observation and assessment, then reflection. Subjects numbered 19 students. The data in this collection was obtained using data collection techniques in the form of written tests and observations. The criterion for success in this study is if 80% of the number of students reach the KKM value that has been set is 70. Based on the results of the study obtained in cycle I, the problem solving ability of students obtained a percentage of mastery learning by 32% with an average value of 58.95. In cycle II, the problem solving ability of students obtained a percentage of completeness of 63% with an average value of 74. In cycle III, the problem solving ability of students obtained a percentage of mastery learning by 89% with an average value of 85. The conclusion of this study is a model Problem Posing learning can improve Mathematical problem solving skills in fifth grade students at SDIT Nurut Taqwa Cikarang Barat.
Evaluasi Program Pembelajaran IPS di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 126 Lagoe
Authors: Herwin Herwin
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe the quality of learning and social studies learning output at SDN 126 Lagoe, Lilirilau District, Soppeng Regency. This study is an evaluative study using the EKOP evaluation model. Data collection used to obtain information in the quality domain is used by the questionnaire method. In the realm of technical output used in addition to the questionnaire is also a documentation technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was a descriptive quantitative analysis technique. The results showed that the quality of social studies learning was in good qualifications. The learning process in social studies learning is organized well. Social studies learning output is in good qualifications. Learning outcomes obtained after the Social Studies learning process took place were in the good category.
ISLAM MENGHADAPI JUNTA MILITER DI MYANMAR
Authors: Widiyanta Danar , Darini Ririn , Hartono Mudji
Published: February 2020

Islam mengalami pasang surut perkembangannya di Myanmar. Pada abad ke-1 Pedagang Arab sudah menempati wilayah sekitar Arakan. Pelaut Muslim telah datang ke Myanmar pada abad ke-9. Orang Arab muslim telah berperan dalam pemerintahan di Myanmar. Raja Sawlu (1077-1088), dididik oleh seorang guru muslim berkebangsaan Arab. Negara Islam didirikan di Arakan ketika Sultan Bengal yang beragama Islam Naseeuruddeen Mahmud Syah (1442-1459, membantu Raja Sulayman Naramitha membangun Negara Islam. Muslim di Myanmar juga melakukan perlawanan terhadap tindakan kesewenang-wenangan  yang dilakukan oleh Junta Militer. Salah satu bentuk perlawanan mereka adalah membentuk organisasi, salah satunya adalah Oganisasi Nasional Arakan Rohingya (ARNO). Organisasi ini merupakan gabungan dari Front Islam Rohingya (ARIF) yang dipimpin oleh Nurul Islam, Organisasi Solidaritas untuk Rohingya (RSO) yang dipimpin oleh Dr. Yunus dan RSO pimpinan Prof. Muhamma Zakaria. Tahun 1996 terjadi intensitas yang tinggi perlakuan sewenang-wenang dari pemerintahan militer Myanmar. Puncaknya pasca peristiwa 11 September 2001 di Amerika Serikat mengakibatkan tekanan terhadap muslim Myanmar bertambah keras. Tercatat sekitar 1.500.000 muslim Myanmar harus mengungsi ke Malaysia, Bangladesh, Thailand dan lain-lain.
Masalah Penetapan Batas Landas Kontinen dan Zone Ekonomi Eksklusif (ZEE) Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanta Danar Widiyanta -
Published: February 2020

Abstrak Zone Ekonomi Eksklusif merupakan hal yang penting bagi Indonesia sebagai Negara Kepulauan terbesar di dunia. Indonesia memiliki potensi kekayaan yang luar biasa, terutama di wilayah lautnya. Potensi itu berupa kandungan minyak dan gas serta mineral di samping perikanan. Potensi ini akan sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan kekuatan bangsa Indonesia. Posisi geografis Indonesia memiliki nilai strategis baik secara ekonomi maupun politik global. Batas wilayah Indonesia yang berbatasan dengan 11 negara tetangga sangat positif, namun juga ada sisi negatifnya apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik, terpadu dan komprehensif. Kata kunci: ZEE, perbatasan, potensi Indonesia
Antibacterial Activity of Cuttlefish Sepia sp. (Cephalopoda,) Ink Extract Against Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Islamy R Adharyan
Published: February 2020

Cephalopods ink has shown potential antiretroviral activity. The ink extracts of cuttlefish showed an antibacterial effect. This study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of the ink of cuttlefish Sepia sp. against Aeromonas hydrophila. A. hydrophila are opportunists and associated with aquatic fish and shrimp disease. The shade-dried ink sample from approximately 30g ink sacs obtained from 15 animals was immersed separately in methanol (1:3 w/v) solvents for overnight. The experiment in this study used the dried extract of cuttlefish ink. The isolate of A. hydrophila was originated from Jepara Brackishwater Aquaculture Center. The average yield percentage of cuttlefish ink extract obtained was 4.86%. The results of the MIC test in Table V show that the highest average absorbance value obtained was at a concentration of 50 ppm, which was equal to 1.716 nm, and the lowest absorbance was obtained at a treatment dose of 300 ppm at 0.841 nm, while the Mc Farland tube was 0.933 nm. The results of antibacterial test on Table II showed antibacterial activity of cuttlefish ink extract at negative concentration control showed diameter zone of 5 ± 1.2 mm, at positive control showed diameter zone of 31 ± 1.2 mm, at 250 ppm result 19 ± 0.9 mm, at 300 ppm result 22 ± 1.4 mm, at 350 ppm result 31 ± 1.2 mm.
Influence of Some Extraction Conditions Factor on Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Solanum betaceum Cav.
Authors: Setyowati Erna Prawita , Puspitasari Andayana , Afini Dias Insan , Nasution Farida Hanum , Nafingah Rosyidatun
Published: February 2020

Solanum betaceum Cav. fruit is renowned for having antioxidant activity because it contains phenolic compounds. This study aimed to determine the effect of some condition factor namely solvent composition, maceration time, liquid-solid ratio, and the particle size of S. betaceum Cav fruit to the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The fruit was collected from Temanggung, Wonosobo, and Kopeng, Central Java, Indonesia. The research used single-factor experiments and simplex lattice design (SLD) as an optimization method.  Total phenolic content was determined using Folin Ciocalteau reagent, while antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) radical scavenger activity. The solvent combination which gave the highest responses was ethanol: water (60:40 v/v) with phenolic content of 7.48% w/w EAG. Maceration for 8 hours will produce an extract with the highest total phenolic content (8.76% w/w EAG). The optimal solvent ratio was at 10:1 v/w with total phenolic content of 7.26 ± 0.20% w/w EAG. The optimum particle size was 600-850 μm with a total phenolic content of 6.07 ± 0.18% w/w EAG. Antioxidant activity with the DPPH free radical scavenger capture method from three regions did not show significant results.
Challenges of Applying the Teaching Methodology of (CELTA) Productive Skills in a Poor Learning Environment and a Fragile Infrastructure Region of Darfur, Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Dr. Abdulghani Eissa Tour
Published: February 2020

The present study aims at investigating challenges of applying the teaching methodology of (CELTA) productive skills in a poor learning environment and a fragile infrastructure region of Darfur, Sudan. (CELTA) is a teacher training course that consists of 200 guided learning hours including 6 hours of teaching practice and stands for “Certificate in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages”. Candidates who apply for the course aim at acquiring the knowledge and the familiarity of the effective teaching principles. However, applying the methodology of such an internationally recognized qualification that addresses the communicative language learning requires intensive usage of some modern teaching materials. Accordingly, its applicability seems extremely challenging in a poor learning environment with a fragile infrastructure similar to the situation of Darfur region. Furthermore, the difficulties of its implementation definitely prevent hundreds of students from learning facilitates and opportunities that are only attainable via courses in which the learners’ needs are highly considered. We can also be certain that through the application of such a course student develops learning speaking and writing skills respectively simply because the course methodology provides a great opportunity of practicing the language compared to the traditional teaching methodologies. In this study the researcher is reflecting on his experience in teaching EFL via utilizing (CLT) techniques in such a way CELTA course is taught. Furthermore, the researcher aims at illustrating the importance of reducing teacher’s (TTT) and increasing the (STT) in EFL classes in Darfur, Sudan. The study also attempts to highlight the role of the private sector and voluntary organizations in promoting the educational process in the region. We can therefore say that the difficulties mentioned above have begun to diminish with the presence of some voluntary organizations such as Malam Darfur Peace and Development.A qualitative method for data collection and analysis is adapted in which the researcher interviews some EFL instructors who are currently based in KSA and actually happened to CELTA qualification. The interview questions are conducted to examine their experiences on how the methodology of this course is applicable in different contexts. Finally, the study resulted into the following findings:1.         Teaching and learning the (CELTA) productive skills in a poor learning environment is difficult.2.         Still traditional teaching methods is dominating the EFL classes in Darfur, Sudan.3.         Some voluntary organizations regularly contribute to the development of the learning environment in the region of Darfur.
Evaluation of Computerized information systems of small business Organizations
Authors: S. Santos Kim Edward
Published: February 2020

Computer is an important tool in which business organizations use in financial reporting and operational methods to obtain data recording systems as well as computer literacy is treated as an important asset in the modern business world. The study described the computer literacy of Small business staff and owners, the level of usefulness and seriousness of problems encountered in using computers. Further, the study determined the significant difference among the level of literacy, usefulness and seriousness of problems encountered by small business staff and owners in using computers. Rejecting the hypothesis, there is significant difference on the responses of Small business staff and Small business owners as to literacy, usefulness, and seriousness of problems being encountered by respondents in performing their work with the use of computer. Based on the findings, the extent of literacy on computer especially on the context of information systems that are present in the computer is very much literate. The level of usefulness of computer especially on the information systems in making financial reports according to the response of Small business staff is moderately useful. While for Small business owners, it is very much useful. The respondents commonly experience problems with their advancement using computerized information system. It implies that there are no serious problems being encountered by respondents in dealing with the aid of computer. The researcher recommends that Small business organizations (SBOs) should develop a different approach especially designed for the respondents. This could be done in coordination to multi-agency to provide adequate knowledge in utilizing the information systems that are being installed in the computer
Correlation of illness perception, asthma control, and lung function value to the quality of life of asthma outpatients
Authors: Mayzika Nadia Aisah , Mukti Asri Wido
Published: February 2020

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease and chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract that has an impact on the decreased quality of life. The design of this research is non-experimental cross-sectional. The variables of this study are illness perception, control of asthma, lung function values, and life quality of asthma patients. The relationship of asthma control, illness perception, lung function value, and life quality of asthma patients can be seen with structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS software. The results are only control of asthma affects life quality, where the coefficient value is 0.511, which is positive and significant (p = 0,000). Lung function value and asthma quality indicate that lung function has a positive relationship direction seen from the coefficient value of 0.306 but not significant (p = 0.061). The correlation between illness perception and life quality of asthma was negative, where the coefficient value was - 0.142 and not significantly different (p = 0.332). This means that the direction of the relationship is reversed; it means the quality of life of asthmatic patients, which affects illness perception by 14.2%. The conclusion is that the life quality of asthmatic patients is influenced by the control of asthma and lung function. But it’s different from illness perception, where there is a negative relationship between illness perception and life quality of asthma patients. Which means illness perception affects the life quality of asthma patients.
Antimalaria Medicine and Its Mechanism : A Review
Authors: Latifah Nor , Subarnas Anas , Chaerunisaa Anis Yohana
Published: February 2020

Malaria is a deadly disease caused by Plasmodium infection that is spread by female Anopheles. Malaria is a serious and deadly disease due to Plasmodium infection which is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes. Among the five Plasmodium species, the most common species attacking humans are the Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax species. Decreased sensitivity resulting in continuous and inadequate treatment, causing parasitic mutations, other than that allegedly originating from resistant areas. The purpose of this paper is to find out some anti-malaria drugs and the mechanism of action used in Indonesia based on references from the current development of anti-malaria drugs. While the benefits are providing information about antimalarial drugs and the mechanism of action in the use of drugs in Indonesia for malaria. Treatment of malaria is classified into 3, namely: classification of malaria drugs based on the workings of drugs in the Plasmodium life cycle, classification of antimalarial drugs based on the chemical structure of the drug, and classification of antimalarial drugs based on the workplace of the drug in the Plasmodium subcellular organelle.Keywords: Malaria, Plasmodium, antimalarial, mechanism