bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High resolution SNP array profiling identifies variability in retinoblastoma genome stability
Authors: Mol Berber M. , Massink Maarten P. G. , van der Hout Annemarie H. , Dommering Charlotte J. , Zaman Johannes M. A. , Bosscha Machteld I. , Kors Wijnanda A. , Meijers‐Heijboer Hanne E. , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , Riele Hein te , Moll Annette C. , Cloos Jacqueline , Dorsman Josephine C.
Published: November 2013

Both hereditary and nonhereditary retinoblastoma (Rb) are commonly initiated by loss of both copies of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1), while additional genomic changes are required for tumor initiation and progression. Our aim was to determine whether there is genomic heterogeneity between different clinical Rb subtypes. Therefore, 21 Rb tumors from 11 hereditary patients and 10 nonhereditary Rb patients were analyzed using high‐resolution single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and gene losses and gains were validated with Multiplex Ligation‐dependent Probe Amplification. In these tumors only a few focal aberrations were detected. The most frequent was a focal gain on chromosome 2p24.3, the minimal region of gain encompassing the oncogene MYCN. The genes BAZ1A, OTX2, FUT8, and AKT1 were detected in four focal regions on chromosome 14 in one nonhereditary Rb. There was a large difference in number of copy number aberrations between tumors. A subset of nonhereditary Rbs turned out to be the most genomic unstable, while especially very young patients with hereditary Rb display stable genomes. Established Rb copy number aberrations, including gain of chromosome arm 1q and loss of chromosome arm 16q, turned out to be preferentially associated with the nonhereditary Rbs with later age of diagnosis. In contrast, copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity was detected mainly on chromosome 13, where RB1 resides, irrespective of hereditary status or age. Focal amplifications and deletions and copy number neutral loss of heterozygosity besides chromosome 13 appear to be rare events in retinoblastoma. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Roles of serum fibrinogen α chain‐derived peptides in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Noguchi Miwa , Sato Toshiyuki , Nagai Kouhei , Utagawa Itaru , Suzuki Itsuku , Arito Mitsumi , Iizuka Nobuko , Suematsu Naoya , Okamoto Kazuki , Kato Tomohiro , Yamaguchi Noboru , Kurokawa Manae S.
Published: November 2013

Objective

To find a blood biomarker and disease‐related peptides in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we comprehensively detected serum peptides.

Methods

Ion intensity of serum peptides from 62 AD patients and 82 control subjects was measured by mass spectrometry.

Results

A total of 157 peptides were detected from 30 AD patients and 30 healthy control (HC) subjects. Sixty out of the 157 peptide profiles discriminated between the AD and HC groups. Sixteen out of the 60 peptides were identified, 10 out of which were fragments of a fibrinogen α chain (FIBA). Among the 10 peptides, four and six peptides were derived from fibrinopeptide A (FPA, Aα1–16) and the C‐terminal region of the αC‐domain (αCDC, Aα557–610), respectively. The profile of 10 FIBA‐derived peptides combined with age discriminated between the two groups with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.940. Validation of this model using a testing set of 32 AD patients and 19 HC subjects showed an AUROC of 0.717, sensitivity of 65.6%, and specificity of 73.7% by a cutoff value of 0.56420. Another value, 0.04029, showed sensitivity of 96.9%, suggesting that subjects with values less than 0.04029 rarely possess AD. FPA and αCDC showed increased ion intensity in the AD group compared with the HC group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The profile of 10 FIBA‐derived peptides combined with age would be a candidate biomarker for AD, which facilitates screening of the disease. The significant release of FPA and αCDC may be involved in the aberrant coagulation that leads to vascular damage in AD. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative study by computed radiography, histology, and scanning electron microscopy of the articular cartilage of normal goats and in chronic infection with caprine arthritis‐encephalitis virus
Authors: de Sousa Videlina Rodrigues , das Chagas Araújo Sousa Francisco , da Silva Filho Osmar Ferreira , Grassi Rici Rose Eli , das Neves Diniz Anaemilia , da Silva Moura Laécio , de Jesus Rosa Pereira Alves Jacyara , de Sousa Júnior Antônio , Angélica Miglino Maria , de Sousa João Macedo , de Jesus Moraes Junior Felipe , Ribeiro Alves Flávio
Published: November 2013

In the northeast of Brazil, caprine arthritis‐encephalitis (CAE) is one of the key reasons for herd productivity decreasing that result in considerable economic losses. A comparative study was carried out using computed radiography (CR), histological analysis (HA), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) of the joints of CAE infected and normal goats. Humerus head surface of positive animals presented reduced joint space, increased bone density, and signs of degenerative joint disease (DJD). The carpal joint presented no morphological alterations in CR in any of the animals studied. Tarsus joint was the most affected, characterized by severe DJD, absence of joint space, increased periarticular soft tissue density, edema, and bone sclerosis. Histological analysis showed chronic tissue lesions, complete loss of the surface zone, absence of proteoglycans in the transition and radial zones and destruction of the cartilage surface in the CAE positive animals. Analysis by SEM showed ulcerated lesions with irregular and folded patterns on the joint surface that distinguished the limits between areas of normal and affected cartilage. The morphological study of the joints of normal and CAE positive goats deepened understanding of the alteration in the tissue bioarchitecture of the most affected joints. The SEM finding sustained previous histological reports, similar to those found for rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting that the goat infected with CAE can be considered as a potential model for research in this area. Microsc. Res. Tech. 77:11–16, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dielectric pads and low‐ adiabatic pulses: Complementary techniques to optimize structural T1w whole‐brain MP2RAGE scans at 7 tesla
Authors: O'Brien Kieran R. , Magill Arthur W. , Delacoste Jean , Marques Jose P. , Kober Tobias , Fautz Hans‐Peter , Lazeyras Francois , Krueger Gunnar
Published: November 2013

Purpose

To evaluate the combination of low‐B1+ adiabatic pulses and high permittivity (εr ≈ 165) dielectric pads effectiveness to reproducibly improve the inversion efficiency for whole‐brain MP2RAGE scans, at ultra‐high field.

Materials and Methods

Two low‐B1+ adiabatic pulses, HS8 and TR‐FOCI, were compared with the conventional HS1 adiabatic pulse in MP2RAGE acquisitions of four subjects at 7 Tesla. The uniform MP2RAGE images were qualitatively assessed for poor inversion artifacts by trained observers. Each subject was rescanned using dielectric pads. Eight further subjects underwent two MP2RAGE scan sessions using dielectric pads and the TR‐FOCI adiabatic pulse.

Results

The HS8 and TR‐FOCI pulses improved inversion coverage in all subjects compared with the HS1 pulse. However, in subjects whose head lengths are large (≥136 mm) relative to the coil's z‐coverage, the B1+ field over the cerebellum was insufficient to cause inversion. Dielectric pads increase the B1+ field, by ∼50%, over the cerebellum, which in conjunction with the TR‐FOCI pulse, reproducibly improves the inversion efficiency over the whole brain for subjects with head lengths ≤155 mm. Minor residual inversion artifacts were present in three of eight subjects (head lengths ≥155 mm).

Conclusion

The complementary techniques of low‐B1+ adiabatic RF pulses and high permittivity dielectric pads allow whole‐brain structural T1w images to be reliably acquired at ultra‐high field. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2014;40:804–812. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Significance of liver stiffness measurement by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) among hepatitis C patients
Authors: Yamada Ryoko , Hiramatsu Naoki , Oze Tsugiko , Morishita Naoki , Harada Naoki , Miyazaki Masanori , Yakushijin Takayuki , Miyagi Takuya , Yoshida Yuichi , Tatsumi Tomohide , Kanto Tatsuya , Hayashi Norio , Takehara Tetsuo
Published: November 2013

The degree of liver fibrosis is strongly associated with the antiviral effect of interferon on chronic hepatitis C patients. In this study, the accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in assessing liver fibrosis and the association between liver stiffness using ARFI and antiviral effects were investigated. The 124 patients with chronic hepatitis C enrolled in this study included 94 with HCV genotype 1 and 40 (30%) with moderate fibrosis (METAVIR fibrosis score ≥ F2). Sixty‐one patients received pegylated interferon (peg‐IFN) plus ribavirin combination therapy and the treatment responses were assessed. The shear wave velocity (Vs value) by ARFI had a strong correlation with the histological fibrosis stage (P < 0.001). The AUROC of the Vs value, aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index and FIB4 for the diagnoses of moderate fibrosis (≥F2) were 0.890, 0.779, and 0.737, respectively. HCV genotype 1 patients with the TT allele of IL28B and with a low Vs value (<1.40 m/sec) who were treated with peg‐IFN plus ribavirin therapy achieved a sustained virologic response at a rate of 79% (15/19), while all patients with the TG/GG allele of IL28B and a high Vs value (≥1.40 m/sec) experienced a non‐virologic response (6/6). The Vs value measured by ARFI could not predict the treatment response for patients with HCV genotype 2. It is concluded that the combination of ARFI at cut off of 1.4 m/sec and IL28B may be useful for patients with chronic hepatitis C with genotype 1 treated with peg‐IFN/ribavirin combination therapy. J. Med. Virol. 86:241–247, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intra‐articular delivery of glucosamine for treatment of experimental osteoarthritis created by a medial meniscectomy in a rat model
Authors: Gibson Matthew , Li Hanwei , Coburn Jeannine , Moroni Lorenzo , Nahas Zayna , Bingham Clifford , Yarema Kevin , Elisseeff Jennifer
Published: November 2013

Glucosamine (GlcN) is a naturally occurring amino‐monosaccharide with putative chondroprotective activity. Optimum responses to GlcN are achieved at concentrations which are impractical with oral dosing. Intra‐articular delivery of a bolus dose of GlcN is one way to overcome these pharmacokinetic obstacles. In this study we report the effects of exposing primary human chondrocytes to a bolus dose of GlcN. We also locally administered GlcN in the context of a meniscal transection model of rat osteoarthritis (OA). The knees of male rats were subjected to medial meniscal transection and developed arthritic changes over 4 weeks. Treatment groups were then given thrice weekly 100 μL injections of 35 μg, 350 μg, 1.8 mg, or 3.5 mg of GlcN dissolved in normal saline. Gross images, modified Mankin scores, and histomorphometric measurements were used as outcome measures. The 350 μg dosage of GlcN had the most significant positive impact on all components of the modified Mankin score. Together, these findings suggest the local delivery of high concentrations of GlcN is well tolerated and can suppress experimental OA through influences on both bone and cartilage. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:302–309, 2014.
Intrinsic healing response of the human anterior cruciate ligament: An histological study of reattached ACL remnants
Authors: Nguyen Duy Tan , Ramwadhdoebe Tamara H. , van der Hart Cor P. , Blankevoort Leendert , Tak Paul Peter , van Dijk Cornelis Niek
Published: November 2013

A reattachment of the tibial remnant of the torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) to the posterior cruciate ligament is sometimes observed during surgery and apparently implies that the human ACL does have a healing response. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this reattachment tissue has similar histological characteristics of a healing response as the medial collateral ligament (MCL), which can heal spontaneously. Standard histology and immunostaining of α‐smooth muscle actin and collagen type 3 was performed. The results shows that the reattached tissue has typical characteristics of a healing response: the reattached ACL remnant could not be released by forceful traction; microscopy showed that the collagen fibers of the reattached tissue were disorganized with no preferred direction; increased neovascularization; the presence of lipid vacuoles; the mean number of cells within the biopsy tissue was 631 ± 269 cells per mm2; and 68 ± 20% was expressing α‐SMA; semi‐quantitative analysis of collagen type 3 expression showed that collagen type 3 had an high expression with an average score of 3. In conclusion, this study shows that the human proximal 1/3 ACL has an intrinsic healing response with typical histological characteristics similar to the MCL. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:296–301, 2014.
Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Equipment for Stroke Patients in Taiwan: Usage Problems and Improvement Needs
Authors: Huang Lan‐Ling , Lee Chang‐Franw , Hsieh Ching‐Lin , Chen Mei‐Hsiang
Published: November 2013

The purpose of this study was to survey occupational therapists for the usage problems and for their improvement needs for upper extremity rehabilitation equipment (UERE). A questionnaire was given to experienced occupational therapists from 113 hospitals that provide occupational therapy services with three or more professional full‐time therapists. A total of 48 hospitals sent back questionnaires, and 184 valid questionnaires were received. Most of the UERE had two major problems: The base of the equipment was unstable, and the equipment was uninteresting to use. The therapists reported that three major needs for design improvement in the UERE were adjustability of functions, exchangeability of components and recording of movement data. Some therapists had suggestions for designing new types of UERE, such as manual dexterity training equipment, activities of daily living oriented equipment, sensory re‐education equipment, arm supination and pronation training equipment, and wrist extension training equipment. These findings reveal the genuine user needs of upper extremity devices and provide useful applications to the development and re‐design of these devices. However, obtaining opinions primarily from experienced occupational therapists may pose a methodological limitation of this study. In future research, it is advised to include patients' opinions and also investigate whether a clinician's years of experience would affect his or her viewpoint of usage problems and improvement needs of the UERE. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microcantilevers as gas‐phase sensing platforms: Simplification and optimization of the production of polymer coated porous‐silicon‐over‐silicon microcantilevers
Authors: Meltzman Shai , Shemesh Ariel , Stolyarova Sara , Nemirovsky Yael , Eichen Yoav
Published: November 2013

The asymmetric roughening of silicon microcantilevers using different vapor stain‐etching conditions is studied with the aim of optimizing face selective coating of microcantilevers by polymers through simple dipping. The effect of roughening is studied by following the time‐dependent guest‐induced bending of silicone microcantilevers coated with a poly‐4‐vinylpyridine sensing layer. A correlation between the surface roughness of the microcantilevers and their time‐dependent guest‐induced bending is gained from combining high resolution scanning electron microscopy studies of the surface of the microcantilevers as well as their cross‐sections with time‐dependent guest‐induced microcantilever bending. The purpose of the present work is to lay the foundations for a small and relatively simple gas‐phase sensing tool based on a microcantilever platform capable of offering wide range sensing capabilities. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, 2014, 52, 141–146
A sensitive method for the sulfur isotope analysis of dimethyl sulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in seawater
Authors: Said‐Ahmad Ward , Amrani Alon
Published: November 2013

RATIONALE

Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the major volatile sulfur species emitted to the atmosphere from the oceans. The sulfur isotope ratio (34S/32S) of DMS may offer a way to calculate the contribution of marine DMS to global sulfur cycling. The S‐isotopic analysis of DMS is difficult due to its low concentrations in natural seawater and high chemical reactivity. Here we present a sensitive, precise and accurate method for determining the S‐isotopic composition of natural DMS and its precursor, dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), in seawater.

METHODS

The method was based on a purge of DMS from aqueous solutions or natural seawater to a cryogenic trap and subsequent separation of DMS by gas chromatography. The separated DMS was then transferred from the gas chromatograph to a multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (GC/MC‐ICPMS system) for measurement of 34S/32S ratios. Correction for mass bias was accomplished using standard‐sample bracketing with peaks of SF6 as a reference gas.

RESULTS

Results obtained from synthetic DMS and DMSP dissolved in artificial seawater show >98% recovery of DMS and very good precision (0.1 to 0.3‰), accuracy and linearity (0.2‰) for the 26–179 picomoles (pmol) of DMS or DMSP injected. The system was tested with natural seawater from Eilat (Red Sea, Israel) and similar precision and accuracy for both DMS and DMSP were obtained. The δ34S values of DMS and DMSP from Eilat seawater were 19.2 ± 0.2‰ and 19.7 ± 0.2‰, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The coupling of a purge‐and‐trap system with a GC/MC‐ICPMS system was shown to be a sensitive, accurate and robust approach for the S‐isotope analysis of nanomolar (nM) concentrations of DMS and DMSP from aqueous solutions and natural seawater. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transluzentes Dachsystem für das Stadion in Essen
Authors: Schmieder Markus
Published: November 2013

Halbschatten auf überdachter Fläche, Blick durch das Dach in den Himmel und Lichteffekte bei Nacht – das neu entwickelte Dachsystem BEMO‐monoSKY® bietet vielfältige und ungewöhnliche Gestaltungsvarianten. Das System kombiniert die Tragfähigkeit von gelochten Stehfalzprofilen mit der Transparenz des Layers, der die wasserführende Ebene bildet. Zudem ist der transparente Layer für jenes Lichtspektrum durchlässig, das für das Pflanzenwachstum notwendig ist. Das transluzente Dach aus BEMO‐monoSKY® ist nicht nur äußerst wirtschaftlich, sondern bietet der Architektur breit gefächerte und völlig neuartige Möglichkeiten.

Translucent roof system for the Essen football stadium. Partial shade on roofed areas, open sky through the roof and night‐time lighting effects – the newly developed BEMO‐monoSKY® roof system gives rise to myriad unusual design concepts. The system combines the load‐bearing capacity of perforated standing seam profiles with the transparency of the layer formed by the water‐ carrying level. In addition, this transparent layer is also pervious to the light spectrum necessary for plant growth. Translucent roofs created using the BEMO‐monoSKY® system are not only extremely economical; they also offer a vast range of entirely innovative architectural options.
Entwicklungspotenzial im Straßenbrückenbau durch den Einsatz von hybriden Tragstrukturen – Teil 2: Schrägseilbrücken
Authors: Wagner Peter
Published: November 2013

Die nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg von Deutschland ausgehende Entwicklung des Schrägseilbrückenbaus war dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die Versteifungsträger zunächst fast ausnahmslos orthotrope Stahlfahrbahnen zur Anwendung kamen. Und obwohl gerade bei diesem Brückentyp aufgrund der überwiegenden Druckbeanspruchungen des Versteifungsträgers der Einsatz von Betontragteilen naheliegend gewesen wäre, blieben Brückenquerschnitte mit Betonfahrbahn bis in die jüngste Zeit hinein die Ausnahme. Die in Abschnitt 2 (Teil 1, H. 10/2013) beschriebenen Umwälzungen bei der Ausbildung der Fahrbahnplatte werden jedoch auch die Entwicklung des Schrägseilbrückenbaus nachhaltig beeinflussen und die Betonfahrbahn mehr in den Vordergrund rücken, womit automatisch auch Raum für erweiterte hybride Ausführungsformen geschaffen wird. Einige innovative Möglichkeiten derartiger hybrider Tragstrukturen für den Versteifungsträger von Schrägseilbrücken werden nachfolgend vorgestellt.

Design developments for roadway bridges based on new hybrid structures – Part 2: Cable stayed bridges. The development of cable stayed bridges which started in Germany after World War II was characterized by the preferred use of orthotropic steel decks for the stiffening girders. Despite the fact that the use of concrete decks would have been commendable because of the prevailing pressure forces acting in the stiffening girders of cable stayed bridges, cross‐sections with concrete decks have rarely been built. The recent changes in the design rules for bridge decks described in chapter 2 (part 1) of this paper will also influence the further development of cable stayed bridges and underline the importance of concrete decks by which automatically more space will be created for advanced hybrid bridge designs. Some innovative possibilities of such hybrid structures for the stiffening girders of cable stayed bridges will be presented in this paper.
The (In)compatibility of Diversity and Sense of Community
Authors: Neal Zachary P. , Neal Jennifer Watling
Published: November 2013

Community psychologists are interested in creating contexts that promote both respect for diversity and sense of community. However, recent theoretical and empirical work has uncovered a community‐diversity dialectic wherein the contextual conditions that foster respect for diversity often run in opposition to those that foster sense of community. More specifically, within neighborhoods, residential integration provides opportunities for intergroup contact that are necessary to promote respect for diversity but may prevent the formation of dense interpersonal networks that are necessary to promote sense of community. Using agent‐based modeling to simulate neighborhoods and neighborhood social network formation, we explore whether the community‐diversity dialectic emerges from two principles of relationship formation: homophily and proximity. The model suggests that when people form relationships with similar and nearby others, the contexts that offer opportunities to develop a respect for diversity are different from the contexts that foster a sense of community. Based on these results, we conclude with a discussion of whether it is possible to create neighborhoods that simultaneously foster respect for diversity and sense of community.
Regulation of galectin‐3‐induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells by both O‐glycans and N‐glycans on CD45
Authors: Xue Jing , Gao Xiqiang , Fu Chunyan , Cong Zhe , Jiang Hong , Wang Wei , Chen Ting , Wei Qiang , Qin Chuan
Published: November 2013

Galectin‐3 has been reported to induce apoptosis of Jurkat cells through binding receptors such as CD45. CD45RABC is heavily O‐glycosylated and N‐glycosylated, while CD45RO is only N‐glycosylated. In this study, no apoptosis induced by galectin‐3 was detected in CD45RO‐transfected cells, whereas apoptosis of CD45RABC‐transfected cells was observed, implying that O‐glycans on CD45 might play roles in galectin‐3‐induced apoptosis. O‐Glycosylation inhibition assay further suggests the role of O‐glycans on CD45 in regulation of galectin‐3‐induced apoptosis. We also found that deglycosylation at N327 of CD45RO resulted in increased binding to galectin‐3 without affecting apoptosis, while deglycosylation at N36 or N109 of CD45RO enhanced galectin‐3‐induced apoptosis. These data demonstrate that galectin‐3‐induced apoptosis of Jurkat cells is regulated by both O‐glycans and N‐glycans on CD45.
Loss of CDH1 up‐regulates epidermal growth factor receptor via phosphorylation of YBX1 in non‐small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Liu Xianfang , Su Ling , Liu Xiangguo
Published: November 2013

Although loss of CDH1 promotes cancer metastasis by disrupting cell–cell adhesion and inducing transcriptional changes, the functional pathways involved in the loss of CDH1 affecting EGFR expression in lung cancer cells still remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that down‐regulation of CDH1 promoted EGFR transcription through activation of YBX1. Furthermore, knockdown of CDH1 activated the AKT signaling pathway, and inhibition of AKT suppressed the phosphorylation of YBX1 and the up‐regulation of EGFR induced by CDH1 loss. These data demonstrate that loss of CDH1 induces EGFR expression via phospho‐YBX1, which is activated through the AKT signaling pathway.
Crystal structures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium pyranose 2‐oxidase suggest that the N‐terminus acts as a propeptide that assists in homotetramer assembly
Authors: Hassan Noor , Tan Tien-Chye , Spadiut Oliver , Pisanelli Ines , Fusco Laura , Haltrich Dietmar , Peterbauer Clemens K. , Divne Christina
Published: November 2013

The flavin‐dependent homotetrameric enzyme pyranose 2‐oxidase (P2O) is found mostly, but not exclusively, in lignocellulose‐degrading fungi where it catalyzes the oxidation of β‐d‐glucose to the corresponding 2‐keto sugar concomitantly with hydrogen peroxide formation during lignin solubilization. Here, we present crystal structures of P2O from the efficient lignocellulolytic basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Structures were determined of wild‐type PcP2O from the natural fungal source, and two variants of recombinant full‐length PcP2O, both in complex with the slow substrate 3‐deoxy‐3‐fluoro‐β‐d‐glucose. The active sites in PcP2O and P2O from Trametes multicolor (TmP2O) are highly conserved with identical substrate binding. Our structural analysis suggests that the 17 °C higher melting temperature of PcP2O compared to TmP2O is due to an increased number of intersubunit salt bridges. The structure of recombinant PcP2O expressed with its natural N‐terminal sequence, including a proposed propeptide segment, reveals that the first five residues of the propeptide intercalate at the interface between A and B subunits to form stabilizing, mainly hydrophobic, interactions. In the structure of mature PcP2O purified from the natural source, the propeptide segment in subunit A has been replaced by a nearby loop in the B subunit. We propose that the propeptide in subunit A stabilizes the A/B interface of essential dimers in the homotetramer and that, upon maturation, it is replaced by the loop in the B subunit to form the mature subunit interface. This would imply that the propeptide segment of PcP2O acts as an intramolecular chaperone for oligomerization at the A/B interface of the essential dimer.
Sentimental Opera
Authors: Castelvecchi Stefano
Published: November 2013

Sentimental Opera is a study of the relationship between opera and two major phenomena of eighteenth-century European culture - the cult of sensibility and the emergence of bourgeois drama. A thorough examination of social and cultural contexts helps to explain the success of operas such as Paisiello's Nina as well as the extreme emotional reactions of their audiences. Like their counterparts in drama, literature and painting, these works brought to the fore serious contemporary problems including the widespread execution of deserters, the treatment of the insane, and anxieties relative to social and familial roles. They also developed a specifically operatic version of the dominant language of sensibility. This wide-ranging study involves such major cultural figures as Goldoni, Diderot and Mozart, while refining our understanding of the theatrical genre system of their time.
Archaic Style in English Literature, 1590–1674
Authors: Munro Lucy
Published: November 2013

Ranging from the works of Shakespeare, Spenser, Jonson and Milton to those of Robert Southwell and Anna Trapnel, this groundbreaking study explores the conscious use of archaic style by the poets and dramatists between 1590 and 1674. It focuses on the wide-ranging, complex and self-conscious uses of archaic linguistic and poetic style, analysing the uses to which writers put literary style in order to re-embody and reshape the past. Munro brings together scholarly conversations on temporality, memory and historiography, on the relationships between medieval and early modern literary cultures, on the workings of dramatic and poetic style, and on national history and identity. Neither pure anachronism nor pure nostalgia, the attempts of writers to reconstruct outmoded styles within their own works reveal a largely untold story about the workings of literary influence and tradition, the interactions between past and present, and the uncertain contours of English nationhood.
Human Development in the Life Course
Authors: Zittoun Tania , Valsiner Jaan , Vedeler Dankert , Salgado João , Gonçalves Miguel M. , Ferring Dieter
Published: November 2013

Drawing on philosophy, the history of psychology and the natural sciences, this book proposes a new theoretical foundation for the psychology of the life course. It features the study of unique individual life courses in their social and cultural environment, combining the perspectives of developmental and sociocultural psychology, psychotherapy, learning sciences and geronto-psychology. In particular, the book highlights semiotic processes, specific to human development, that allow us to draw upon past experiences, to choose among alternatives and to plan our futures. Imagination is an important outcome of semiotic processes and enables us to deal with daily constraints and transitions, and promotes the transformation of social representation and symbolic systems - giving each person a unique style, or 'melody', of living. The book concludes by questioning the methodology and epistemology of current life course studies.
Problem-Based Pain Management
Authors: Hsu Eric S. , Argoff Charles , Galluzzi Katherine E. , Leo Raphael J. , Dubin Andrew
Published: November 2013

Pain management is an essential part of clinical practice for all healthcare providers from trainees, physician assistants and nurse practitioners through to practising physicians. Problem-Based Pain Management is a collaboration between experts in anesthesiology, geriatric medicine, neurology, psychiatry and rehabilitation which presents a multidisciplinary management strategy. Over 60 chapters follow a standard, easy-to-read, quick access format on: clinical presentation, signs and symptoms, lab tests, imaging studies, differential diagnosis, pharmacotherapy, non-pharmacologic approach, interventional procedure, follow-up and prognosis. The broad spectrum of topics include headache, neck and back pain, bursitis, phantom limb pain, sickle cell disease and palliative care. Unlike other large, cumbersome texts currently available, this book serves as a quick, concise and pertinent reference in the diagnosis and management of common pain syndromes.
Travels in Kashmir and the Panjab
Authors: Hügel Karl Alexander von
Published: November 2013

Written by Austrian baron Karl Alexander Anselm von Hügel (1795–1870), this travelogue was one of the first western books published on the Kashmir region. Von Hügel, who worked as a soldier, diplomat, botanist, explorer and ethnologist at various stages in his life, embarked on a trip to India in the 1830s as part of an extensive world tour. His account of his time in Kashmir and the Punjab was first published in German as a four-volume edition from 1840. He aimed to 'lift the veil' on Kashmir in an attempt to resolve the contentious reputation among Europeans of this unfamiliar region, and the book serves as a thorough guide to its history, geography, climate, culture and politics. This English translation and abridgement was prepared by Thomas Best Jervis (1796–1857) and published in 1845. Also included in this reissue is a biography that the author's son, Anatole von Hügel, privately published in 1903.
Recueil des chroniques et anchiennes istories de la Grant Bretaigne, à present nommé Engleterre
Authors: Wavrin Jean de
Published: November 2013

Part of the Rolls Series of publications of historical documents, this five-volume collection, originally compiled in the fifteenth century, is the first history of England of this magnitude, spanning almost two millennia. It is the work of French knight Jean de Wavrin (c.1400–c.1473), a chronicler under Philip the Good and Charles the Bold, Dukes of Burgundy. Wavrin participated in several military expeditions, including some under the English banner, and was keen to keep the kingdom as an ally. The chief editor, archivist and antiquarian Sir William Hardy (1807–87), points out that Wavrin selected the best-known oral and written materials and added his own first-hand observations to tell a fascinating story with a profusion of details. Volume 1, published in 1864, covers the period from the mythical origins of Albion to the abdication and conversion of King Cædwalla of Wessex.
Polychronicon Ranulphi Higden, monachi Cestrensis
Authors: Higden Ranulf
Published: November 2013

Ranulf Higden (d.1364) was a monk at the abbey of St Werburgh in Chester. His most important literary work is this universal chronicle, which survives in over a hundred Latin manuscripts, testifying to its popularity. The earliest version of it dates from 1327, but Higden continued writing until his death, expanding and updating the text. It was also continued in other monastic houses, most importantly by John Malvern of Worcester. The English translation made by John Trevisa in the 1380s was also widely circulated and is included in this work, published in nine volumes for the Rolls Series between 1865 and 1886. The chronicle shows how fourteenth-century scholars understood world history and geography. Volume 2 contains the remainder of Book 1, on the description of Britain, and twenty-eight chapters of Book 2, on the early history of the world to the reign of Saul in Israel.
Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, a Fundatione usque ad Annum 1396
Authors: Burton Thomas de
Published: November 2013

The Cistercian abbey of Meaux in Yorkshire was founded in 1150 as a daughter house of Fountains. Thomas de Burton (d.1437) was bursar in 1394 and abbot from 1396 to 1399. His chronicle survives in two versions: the earlier, finished around 1396, and a revision completed around 1402, to which later additions were made. The work is one of the most important later medieval Cistercian chronicles, providing detailed information about the history and administration of Meaux, as well as local and national historical events. The surviving library catalogue reveals the sources available to Burton, and he drew extensively on the abbey archives. The work is arranged by the rule of each abbot, with subdivisions in each section for local and more general history, arranged by subject matter. Volume 1 contains Burton's list of abbots, indexes of lands belonging to the abbey, and the history of the period 1150–1235.
Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, a Fundatione Usque ad Annum 1396
Authors: Burton Thomas de
Published: November 2013

The Cistercian abbey of Meaux in Yorkshire was founded in 1150 as a daughter house of Fountains. Thomas de Burton (d.1437) was bursar in 1394 and abbot from 1396 to 1399. His chronicle survives in two versions: the earlier, finished around 1396, and a revision completed around 1402, to which later additions were made. The work is one of the most important later medieval Cistercian chronicles, providing detailed information about the history and administration of Meaux, as well as local and national historical events. The surviving library catalogue reveals the sources available to Burton, and he drew extensively on the abbey archives. The work is arranged by the rule of each abbot, with subdivisions in each section for local and more general history, arranged by subject matter. Volume 2 covers the period 1235 to 1339, with a greater proportion of non-monastic material included than in the earlier sections.
Chronica Monasterii de Melsa, a Fundatione usque ad Annum 1396
Authors: Burton Thomas de
Published: November 2013

The Cistercian abbey of Meaux in Yorkshire was founded in 1150 as a daughter house of Fountains. Thomas de Burton (d.1437) was bursar in 1394 and abbot from 1396 to 1399. His chronicle survives in two versions: the earlier, finished around 1396, and a revision completed around 1402, to which later additions were made. The work is one of the most important later medieval Cistercian chronicles, providing detailed information about the history and administration of Meaux, as well as local and national historical events. The surviving library catalogue reveals the sources available to Burton, and he drew extensively on the abbey archives. The work is arranged by the rule of each abbot, with subdivisions in each section for local and more general history, arranged by subject matter. Volume 3 covers the years 1339–1406, including Burton's own abbacy, and contains the catalogue of books and other treasures of the abbey, an index and glossary.
Chronica Majora
Authors: Paris Matthew
Published: November 2013

A Church of England clergyman and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, Henry Richards Luard (1825–91) edited a number of works in the Rolls Series, for which he was noted for the quality of his indexing and the depth of his commentary. This seven-volume work, first published between 1872 and 1883, has been hailed as one of the best editions in the series. It is a rich source for English history from the Creation to 1259, written by England's greatest medieval historian. Matthew Paris (c.1200–59) became a monk at St Albans in 1217 and had access to a wide variety of documents as an acquaintance of such men as Bishop Robert Grosseteste and King Henry III, whom he knew well. Volume 2, covering 1067–1216, derives mainly from the work of Roger of Wendover, and is particularly fascinating in its discussion of the background to Magna Carta.
The Collected Works of William Morris
Authors: Morris William , Morris May
Published: November 2013

A creative titan of the Victorian age, William Morris (1834–96) produced a prodigious variety of literary and artistic work in his lifetime. In addition to his achievements as a versatile designer at the forefront of the arts and crafts movement, Morris distinguished himself as a poet, translated Icelandic sagas and classical epics, wrote a series of influential prose romances, and gave lectures promoting his socialist principles. His collected works, originally published in 24 volumes between 1910 and 1915, were edited by his daughter Mary (May) Morris (1862–1938), whose introductions to each volume chart with insight and sympathy the development of her father's literary, aesthetic and political passions. Volume 20 contains the posthumously published novel The Water of the Wondrous Isles (1897).
Adae Murimuth continuatio chronicarum; Robertus de Avesbury de gestis mirabilibus regis Edwardi Tertii
Authors: Murimuth Adam , Avesbury Robert of
Published: November 2013

These two Latin chronicles are principally concerned with the events of the mid-fourteenth century, and are particularly interesting for their accounts of the French campaigns of Edward III in the 1340s and 1350s. The chronicle of Adam Murimuth (c.1275–1347), which the writer designed to be a continuation of earlier works, begins in 1303 and extends to 1347. Although it is meagre at first, its latter parts are much fuller as Murimuth was able to draw on contemporary accounts. The chronicle of the deeds of Edward III by Robert of Avesbury (d.1359) is a military history of his reign up to the year 1356. It makes use of important documents that are not reproduced elsewhere. Published in 1889, this edition by Edward Maunde Thompson (1840–1929) includes an introduction providing historical background and relating what little is known of each chronicler. The Latin texts are accompanied by English side-notes.
Chronicon Henrici Knighton vel Cnitthon, Monachi Leycestrensis
Authors: Knighton Henry
Published: November 2013

This two-volume work was published as part of the Rolls Series between 1889 and 1895. A history of England, it deals principally with the period from 1066 until the death of author Henry Knighton around 1396. An introductory section of material largely drawn from Ranulf Higden adds what Knighton describes as necessary context to the recounting of the Norman Conquest. Volume 2 begins in 1337 at the start of the Hundred Years' War and closes in a time of comparative peace under the rule of Richard II. Included in this volume is Joseph Rawson Lumby's editorial introduction, essentially a précis of the text in which he details expansions upon and divergences from Knighton's sources as well as instances of independent authority. Lumby (1831–95) has been criticised for oversights, errors and omissions. Nevertheless, his detailed contents and marginalia make the Latin text more accessible to the modern reader.
Manual of Stem Cell and Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Antin Joseph H. , Yolin Raley Deborah
Published: November 2013

Fully revised throughout, the
second edition of Manual of Stem Cell and Bone Marrow Transplantation is based on
the in-house handbook used at the world-renowned Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. It
is a practical pocket manual for all members of the stem cell and bone marrow
transplant team. Written by experts at Dana-Farber, the contents are handily
arranged in outline format for maximum usefulness and convenience. This essential
and user-friendly manual covers all aspects of the transplantation process, from
stem cell processing through management of transplant-related complications.
Topics discussed thoroughly include evaluation and counselling of patients and
donors, preventative care, graft-versus-host disease and conditioning regimens. A
new extensive chapter on oral health in stem cell transplantation has been added.
These features make the Manual of Stem Cell and Bone Marrow Transplantation an
ideal resource for the entire transplant team.
Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands
Authors: Ateş Sabri
Published: November 2013

Using a plethora of hitherto unused and under-utilized sources from the Ottoman, British and Iranian archives, Ottoman-Iranian Borderlands traces seven decades of intermittent work by Russian, British, Ottoman and Iranian technical and diplomatic teams to turn an ill-defined and highly porous area into an internationally recognized boundary. By examining the process of boundary negotiation by the international commissioners and their interactions with the borderland peoples they encountered, the book tells the story of how the Muslim world's oldest borderland was transformed into a bordered land. It details how the borderland peoples, whose habitat straddled the frontier, responded to those processes as well as to the ideas and institutions that accompanied their implementation. It shows that the making of the boundary played a significant role in shaping Ottoman-Iranian relations and in the identity and citizenship choices of the borderland peoples.
The Late Poetry of the Lake Poets
Authors: Fulford Tim
Published: November 2013

The long-established association of Romanticism with youth has resulted in the early poems of the Lake Poets being considered the most significant. Tim Fulford challenges the tendency to overlook the later poetry of no longer youthful poets, which has had the result of neglecting the Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey of the 1820s and leaving unexamined the three poets' rise to popularity in the 1830s and 1840s. He offers a fresh perspective on the Lake Poets as professional writers shaping long careers through new work as well as the republication of their early successes. The theme of lateness, incorporating revision, recollection, age and loss, is examined within contexts including gender, visual art, the commercial book market. Fulford investigates the Lake Poets' later poems for their impact now, while also exploring their historical effects in their own time and counting the costs of their omission from Romanticism.
Islam, Youth, and Modernity in the Gambia
Authors: Janson Marloes
Published: November 2013

This monograph deals with the sweeping emergence of the Tablighi Jama'at - a transnational Islamic missionary movement that has its origins in the reformist tradition that emerged in India in the mid-nineteenth century - in the Gambia in the past decade. It explores how a movement that originated in South Asia could appeal to the local Muslim population - youth and women in particular - in a West African setting. By recording the biographical narratives of five Gambian Tablighis, the book provides an understanding of the ambiguities and contradictions young people are confronted with in their (re)negotiation of Muslim identity. Together these narratives form a picture of how Gambian youth go about their lives within the framework of neoliberal reforms and renegotiated parameters informed by the Tablighi model of how to be a 'true' Muslim, which is interpreted as a believer who is able to reconcile his or her faith with a modern lifestyle.
Fiber ICAN laser with exawatt-picosecond pulses for fusion without nuclear radiation problems
Authors: Hora H. , Lalousis P. , Moustaizis S.
Published: November 2013

One of the numerous applications of the ICAN laser using the advantage of fiber optics with chirped pulse amplification (CPA), is the scheme of side-on initiation of a nuclear fusion flame in solid density fuel with laser pulses of shorter than picosecond (ps) duration and power in the petawatt (PW) and higher range. The ICAN Fiber optics has special advantages with the potential that >900 PW spherical laser pulses may ignite the proton reaction with 11B (HB11) without the problem of dangerous radioactive radiation. Though secondary reactions can be estimated very roughly, the feasibility of a power station with the necessary energy gains can be concluded.
Plasma-target surface interaction during non-equilibrium plasma irradiation at atmospheric pressure: Generation of dusty plasma
Authors: Li Limin , Liu Chao , Zhang Xuming , Wu Guosong , Zhang Ming , Fu Ricky K.Y. , Chu Paul K.
Published: November 2013

The remaining challenges, developing the relativistic electron beam sources, stimulate the investigations of cathode materials. Carbon-fiber-aluminum composite is the most appropriate cathode materials to construct the robust relativistic electron beam sources. Carbon-fiber-aluminum composite is treated by a non-equilibrium atmospheric plasma torch with a copper electrode based on high-voltage gas discharge. The axial and radial distributions of the plasma torch temperature are measured to determine the optimal treatment temperature and location. Copper-oxide particles with diameters of less than 1 µm are deposited onto the surface of the carbon-fibers and a layer of copper-oxide covers the entire surface as the treatment time is increased. Raman spectroscopy suggests that although the locations of the D and G band are similar, the areas of the D and G bands increase after the plasma treatment due to the reduced graphite crystalline size in the carbon-fibers. Analysis of the copper electrode surface discloses materials ablation arising from the discharge which releases copper from the source. Our results reveal that the atmospheric plasma torch generated by high-voltage discharge is promising in the surface modification of the carbon-fiber-reinforced aluminum composite. Further, the plasma produced by atmospheric plasma torch is dusty plasma, due to the participation of liberated copper particles. The plasma torch was analyzed by fluid dynamics, in terms of plasma density, plasma expansion velocity, and internal pressure, and it was found that the plasma produced by atmospheric torch is supersonic flow.