bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of disinfectant susceptibility profiles among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in Ardabil, Iran
Authors: Namaki Kheljan Malek , Hassanzadeh Malihe , Srdari Jabedar Mehran , Mohammadi Gollou Ali , Ashouri Parastoo , Teimourpour Roghayeh , Arzanlou Mohsen
Published: October 2023

Antimicrobial disinfectants have been extensively used to control hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Prolonged exposure to bacteria could promote resistance to antimicrobial disinfectants. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of four commonly used disinfectants; triclosan, chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride, and formaldehyde against Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates. This study also determined the prevalence and association of efflux pumps encoding genes qacE, qacED1, emrA, and aceI with tolerance to disinfectants. A total of 100 A. baumannii isolates were included in the current study. The antimicrobial disinfectants' minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using an agar dilution method. Genes involved in resistance to disinfectants were investigated by PCR method. The benzalkonium chloride MICs ranged between 32 and 128 μg mL−1, chlorhexidine digluconate 8–64 μg mL−1, triclosan 1–32 μg mL−1, and formaldehyde 128 μg mL−1. Overall, the highest MIC90 value was identified for formaldehyde (128 μg mL−1), followed by benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate (64 μg mL−1, each one) and triclosan (4 μg mL−1). In the present study, the qacE, qacED1, emrA, and aceI genes were found in 91%, 55%, 100%, and 88% of isolates, respectively. The qacG gene was not identified in our A. baumannii isolates. The qacED1 gene was associated with higher MICs for all disinfectants tested (P < 0.05), while the qacE and aceI genes were associated with higher MICs for benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine. This study indicated that triclosan is the most effective disinfectant against A. baumannii isolates.
Distribution and population density of plant parasitic nematodes in Kallakurichi, Vedaranyam and Bargur blocks of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Senthilkumar P.
Published: October 2023

India contribute 9 per cent share in world production and one of the main vegetables grown in Tamil Nadu. Major production area of Tamil Nadu is Coimbatore, Dharmapuri, Salem and Krishnagiri districts. In India an average, a national loss of Rs. 21,068.73 millions has been estimated due to plant parasitic nematodes. An overall average annual yield loss in major horticultural crops due to nematodes goes upto 60% under protected cultivation. Protected cultivation is an emerging technology for raising vegetable and flower crops under controlled environmental condition and continuous growing of crops. Plant parasitic nematodes has emerged as a major problem, causing enormous yield loss. The maximum population of Pratylenchus spp in soil and root (300.54 and 275.50) were recorded in Veerasolapurammadur village, Kallakurichi block in sugarcane eco system and maximum lesion index 5.0 was recorded in same location and no incidence for root knot nematode was recorded. In Vaedharanyam block, The maximum population of Melodogyne graminicola in soil and root (300.25 and 325.65) were recorded in Neivellakku village, Vedharanyam block in rice eco system and maximum root knot index 5.0 was recorded in same location and no incidence for Aphelenchoides besseyi was recorded. In Barugur block ,The maximum population of lesion nematode, Radopholus similis in soil and root (450.20 and 410.25) were recorded in Santhur village, burgur block in banana eco system and maximum root lesion index 5.0 was recorded in same location and minimum population of root knot nematode (110.20 and 120.54) was recorded in Errapatty village of Burgur block.
Google earth engine based assessment of soil loss using the RUSLE Model: A study of Cauvery Delta Zone, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Selvaraj Selvakumar , Samykannu Venkadesh , Kovilpillai Boomiraj , Palanivel Rajarathinam
Published: October 2023

Tamil Nadu is very susceptible to soil erosion due to its deforestation, urbanization, complicated terrain and heavy rainfall. The objective of this study was to estimate soil erosion in the Cauvery-delta zone (CDZ) of Tamil Nadu, India, using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model in Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The GEE environment provides a faster and better method for spatial output maps. Several parameters including runoff-rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodability factor (K), topographic factor (LS), cropping management factor (C), and support practice factor (P) takes into consideration for RUSLE model. The result revealed that the annual average soil loss within the Cauvery delta zone is approximately 49.08 t/hac/year (metric tonne per hectare per year). The study area has a 45 % very high erosion risk, 42.6 % severe erosion risk, and 8.4 % high risk. Other erosion risk classes, such as slight and moderate erosion, accounted for 3 % and 1 % of the total area, respectively. The results of the study indicate that GEE allow targeted solution to reduce future soil erosion.
CHARACTERIZATION OF FULLY DEVELOPED AIR-ASSISTED SPRAY UNSTEADINESS USING RP-3 JET FUEL
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhang Fujun , Wu Kun , Roberts William L.
Published: October 2023

The ideal spray theory of Edwards and Marx was utilized to investigate the dependence of fully developed intermittent air-assisted spray unsteadiness on operational conditions and fluid properties. Time series information of spray droplets was identified by phase Doppler particle analyzer and used for inter-particle arrival time statistics. Results demonstrated that spray unsteadiness along the spray axis and in proximity to the nozzle exit area is more pronounced than far-nozzle field and spray periphery. The unsteadiness on the spray axis exhibits a decreasing function with the fuel injection durations, whereas an increase of air injection duration significantly elongates the unstable region along the spray axis. The properties of test liquid fuels show a moderate effect on the unsteadiness of the air-assisted spray, potentially due to their inconspicuous influences on spray atomization characteristics. Chi-square method is generally the preferred method for quantifying the global spray unsteadiness when compared to the deviation of the first time gap of experimental and theoretical inter-particle time distribution. Unsteadiness results observed during high-velocity droplet spray stage are relatively distinct compared to droplet deceleration and suspension stages. This distinction can be attributed to the continuous energy input during the initial nozzle opening, emphasizing the significance of droplet velocity in determining spray unsteadiness.
ASSESSMENT OF MECHANICAL RESPONSES BETWEEN TRABECULAR BONES AND POROUS SCAFFOLDS UNDER STATIC LOADING AND FLUID FLOW CONDITIONS: A MULTISCALE APPROACH
Authors: Samanta Parthasarathi , Kundu Surajit , Gupta Abhisek , Rana Masud , Mondal Nitesh , Chowdhury Amit Roy
Published: October 2023

A three-dimensional porous scaffold is one of the standard and evocative approaches to create a favorable biomechanical
environment in tissue engineering for tissue regeneration and repair. The architectural design parameters (e.g.,
pore-shape, size, distribution and interconnectivity; permeability; specific surface area; etc.) of the porous model have
significant influence on their mechano-biological behavior. Along with this, interstitial fluid flow dynamics within the
porous scaffold also regulate cell behavior. Therefore, von Mises stress, deformation, wall shear stress, and permeability across the model have been investigated. In this work, a multiscale approach has been applied to explore the various mechanical stimuli that control the cell mechanobiology within a scaffold and compare it to the natural bone with different porosity to identify which architectural design of the scaffold is close to the bone.
TITANIA NANOSPHERES FABRICATED VIA ANODIZATION
Authors: Roy A. Charles Hepzy , Abish V. S. Jim , Raja D. Henry
Published: October 2023

Titanium dioxide, or TiO2, is one of materials science's most well-studied substances. It is utilized, for
example, in photocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells, and biomedical devices due to several special features.
TiO2 nanotubes, sometimes referred to as titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs), have garnered a great deal of interest lately. The anodization-based creation of nanospheres and its impact on potential variation is examined in this study. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) are used to characterize structural research. The band gap of the samples anodized at four different voltages ranging from 12 to 40 V was examined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The sample with the lowest band gap and clear nanospheres is the one anodized at
12 V.
Behaviour of thermally shocked RC columns internally confined by auxetic steel wire mesh
Authors: Al-Rousan Rajai Z. , Alnemrawi Bara'a R.
Published: October 2023

An experimental programme was designed to test 24 square columns (200 mm side and 1000 mm length) with different numbers of layers (one, two, three, four and five) of auxetic steel wire mesh (ASWM) as a substitute for stirrup reinforcement within the middle region of the column height. The effect of thermal shock was also assessed, with the tested columns divided into two sets of 12 damaged specimens and 12 undamaged specimens. Sufficient ties were provided at the column ends to prevent premature failure. The ASWM layers provided the columns with the required lateral confinement depending on the number of applied layers (NASWM) and the concrete compressive strength. Thermal shock was found to reduce the concrete compressive strength, thus degrading the column's performance in terms of ductility, strength and stiffness. The number of ASWM layers used significantly improved the ductility, energy absorption, and column axial capacity, but this improvement was limited to NASWM = 4 or 5, while the stiffness increased for all values of NASWM. The average enhancement in the column's axial capacity was 15% for the intact specimens, but this was reduced to approximately 10% under the effect of thermal shock.
Vulnerabilidad estructural ante victimización comunitaria y percepción de inseguridad en jóvenes estudiantes
Authors: Almanza avendaño Ariagor Manuel , Gómez-SanLuis Anel Hortensia , Medina Segura Angel Fernando
Published: October 2023

Objetivos: identificar los niveles de percepción de inseguridad y victimización comunitaria (directa, indirecta y contextual); comparar los niveles de percepción de inseguridad de acuerdo con elementos de vulnerabilidad estructural (género, nivel educativo y clase social); analizar la asociación entre los tipos de victimización comunitaria con género, nivel educativo, clase social y nivel de percepción de inseguridad. Metodología: se realizó un estudio comparativo y correlacional con una muestra no-probabilística conformada por 310 estudiantes (55,8% mujeres y 44,2% hombres), con un rango de edad de 13 a 24 años, pertenecientes a diversos niveles educativos (secundaria, preparatoria y universidad). Resultados: se encontraron niveles moderados de percepción de inseguridad (M=17,2; DE=5,2), y un predominio de la victimización indirecta y directa por delitos como robo (47,7% indirecto; 27,1% directo) y asalto (34,8% indirecto; 15,2% directo). La victimización contextual se vincula a delitos de alto impacto como el homicidio (31,9%) y la desaparición (21,3%). Las mujeres experimentan mayor percepción de inseguridad [t(308) = 4,27; p <0,001], acoso en forma directa [x2(1) = 40,61; p <0,001], y reportan con mayor frecuencia violencia sexual [x2(1) = 30,03; p <0,001] y desaparición [x2(1) = 13,53; p <0,001] en su comunidad. El nivel educativo universitario se encontró más cercano a la violencia sexual directa y contextual [x²(18) = 21,53; p = 0,253]. Pertenecer a una clase más alta presentó mayor cercanía a la victimización directa e indirecta por robo, así como al reporte de desaparición en la comunidad [x²(27) = 19,87; p = 0,836]. Conclusiones: el género fue el elemento de la vulnerabilidad estructural que más se asoció a la victimización comunitaria y la percepción de inseguridad. Una alta percepción de inseguridad se vincula con la victimización directa, así como la ocurrencia de delitos de alto impacto en la comunidad.
General Conditions (Prerequisites) for Ensuring Legality in Public Administration
Authors: Zubarev S. M.
Published: October 2023

The theory of administrative law contains general conditions (prerequisites) and special legal methods (control, supervision, appeal) and means (legal responsibility) to ensure legality. And if much attention is paid to the latter in the scientific literature, then the study of the general conditions (prerequisites) for ensuring legality in relation to modern realities has not yet been widely disseminated. At the same time, as practice shows, in modern conditions, it is not always possible to ensure legality in the activities of the apparatus of public authorities by special legal methods and means. The paper argues that it is the general conditions (prerequisites), being external factors, that have a significant positive or negative impact on the state of legality both in the country as a whole and in certain areas of public administration. Therefore, their understanding is especially important not only for the theory of administrative law, but also for the public power carrying out practical work. In relation to the current situation, the paper analyses such general conditions (prerequisites) for ensuring legality in public administration as ideological, political, legal, socio-economic, organizational conditions. The author substantiates the conclusion concerning complex influence of these conditions (prerequisites) both on the general level of legality, and on the use of special legal methods and means of ensuring legality in public administration.
Consequences of Submitting False Reports by Military Leaders and the Legal Qualification of such Acts
Authors: Glukhov E. A.
Published: October 2023

The paper explains the relationship between unreliable data presented by military leaders on command in accounting documents and organizational harm in the field of military administration. Without reliable, truthful information about the state of affairs in a subordinate organization, it is impossible to make an effective administrative decision or adjust control to the real state of affairs. The author analyses the criminal law structure of such acts as submitting false reports to higher-level managers, explains their relationship with causing harm to the state and military administration. The author differentiates the responsibility of the drafter of the document containing false information and its signatory. The author concludes that it is impossible to qualify such actions under Article 292 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (forgery in office) due to the non-attribution of accounting documents to the subject of this crime. Based on the identified reasons and conditions that contribute to the concealment of truthful information in the reports, proposals are made to improve legislation.
The Digital Ruble as an Object of Legal Relations
Authors: Turbanov A. V.
Published: October 2023

The paper examines the totality of objects of legal relations as a system that has a certain hierarchy, i.e. a system of one level is considered as an element of a system of a higher level. This is the interrelation between the concepts of a "system of objects of civil rights," "system of legal relations," and "digital ruble" and "money." There are three main categories that characterize the system of objects of civil rights: property, things and property rights. At the same time, the category of "property" is the broadest concept in terms of scope, including both things and property rights. Digital property can also be considered within this category. The digital ruble will be a digital form of the national currency, it will have all the necessary properties to perform the functions of money and it will be issued by the central bank (Bank of Russia) in digital form. The digital ruble is considered as an element of the generic concept of "money" and a variety of one of the forms of money — non-cash funds.
The Civil Law Status of Social Movements
Authors: Ayusheeva I. Z.
Published: October 2023

The need to improve legislation in the field of regulating relations involving public associations has been overdue for a long time. The solution of problematic issues will contribute to a more effective and unhindered exercise of the right to association. Currently, social movements and public organizations do not belong to the same organizational and legal form of non-profit organizations. Nevertheless, there is no consensus in the doctrine of civil law as to how justified this approach is. The objectives of the creation are named as the peculiarities of the social movement, as well as the fact that, unlike the public organization, the participants of the social movement do not acquire the right of membership. They just support the objectives of its creation and operation. At the same time, the analysis of the charters of many social movements shows that their participants, as a rule, fix their participation in the social movement by submitting individual applications, going through the registration and accounting procedures, which eliminates the difference with the status of members in a public organization. In addition, the concepts of participation and membership in civil legislation are usually identified, while in the legislation on public associations their status differs depending on whether there is a procedure for formalizing participation or not. It seems that the lack of certainty in the legal status of social movements as legal entities is connected not only with the revealed contradictions in the laws that regulate it, but also with the fact that the civil law doctrine has not developed a unified approach to determining the category of organizational and legal form of legal entities. The issue concerning sufficiency of highlighting the specifics of the creation objectives for the formation of certain types of legal entities still needs resolution.
Different Types of Complex Intellectual Property Objects: Court Practice Issues
Authors: Grin E. S.
Published: October 2023

Currently, a large number of creative works are produced with the use of computer technologies. These can be complex works consisting of several heterogeneous objects that are combined into one complex object. Since the law does not provide for a concept of a complex intellectual property object but new complex objects appear, the author examines new works created with computer technologies, as well as NFTs, and provides an analysis of Russian judicial practice aiming to possibly classify such results as complex objects. The paper analyzes the types of complex intellectual property objects that are not named in Art. 1240 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation but refer to multimedia products, audiovisual works. In addition, cases developed in judicial practice regarding the varieties of multimedia products, audiovisual works are considered. Examples of foreign regulation of the issues discussed in the article are also given.
The Problem of Periodization of International Legal Regulation of Food Security
Authors: Vechernin D. S.
Published: October 2023

The paper attempts to analyze scientific approaches to the periodization of international legal regulation of food security and to develop principles of normative regulation of food security at the present stage. The analysis of scientific approaches showed that the presented periodization requires updating taking into account modern geopolitical and legal realities. Attention is drawn to the fact that the period of regulation from 2008 to the present has not yet become the object of special study in the works of international lawyers. The author, taking into account the analysis carried out, proposes to identify two new stages of international legal regulation of food security: the period of implementation of the Agenda for Sustainable Development and the current stage, which began in 2020. The paper formulates the principles on which, in the author’s opinion, the development of international legal regulation of food security in modern conditions should be based.
Small-sized unit for the restoration of herbage in mountain meadows and pastures
Authors: Soldatova Irina E. , Gulueva Ludmila R.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: The results of RD for the laboratory prototype of the unit for grass seeds oversowing on mountain slopes, which can increase labor efficiency and mountain forage lands yield by 20-25%, are presented.
AIMS: The developed laboratory prototype of a block module based on the Feng Shou 180 mini-tractor for surface oversowing of grass seeds, providing with an accelerated increase in the yield of perennial grasses and soil resistance to water and wind erosion.
METHODS: Technical expertise and testing of the unit and technology were carried out in the mountainous zone of the Republic of North Ossetia Alania (Dargava basin, the base station of the Institute) at an altitude of 1540 meters above sea level. The indicators of the test conditions and functional performance of the unit were determined according to the OST 10.5.1-2000 industry standard. Technical examination of the unit was carried out according to the OST 10.2.1-97. Surface sowing of grass seeds was carried out according to GOST 31345-2017. The subject of research included the technology of grass seeds oversowing, the design of the unit and working bodies: pendular sowing machines, seeding rates and method of sowing.
METHODS: The laboratory prototype of the small-sized unit based on the Feng Shou 180 mini-tractor for surface oversowing of grass seeds has been developed and manufactured. The block module is a hinged structure with a two-row arrangement of containers for grass seeds and with pendular sowing machines. In the design of the small-sized mountain unit, motion across the slope from top to bottom is performed with a shuttle method with rolling of the sown seeds by press wheels. The grass was oversown on a rarefied section of the northern slope with a slope angle of 1316 on the Sugsadtanrag terrain.
CONCLUSIONS: The practical application of the small-sized unit based on the Feng Shou 180 mini-tractor for surface oversowing of grass seeds with their subsequent pressing in areas in highland and piedmont areas ensures detaining of degradation processes of slope areas, accelerated increase in yield, quality and quantity of perennial grasses, improves soil resistance to water and wind erosion.
Aerosol technology for edge treatment of a field for the destruction of weeds and pests
Authors: Kireev Ivan M. , Danilov Michael V. , Koval Zinaida M. , Zimin Philipp A.
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND: The subject of the study is the technological process of spraying weeds and pests in the edge area of the field with polydisperse drops from an air-dispersed system created by a fan with a nozzle and slotted liquid sprayers.
AIMS: Justification of the technological process of spraying weeds and pests during the edge treatment of a field with a polydisperse aerosol.
METHODS: There was a device for a mounted boom sprayer of plants used for edge treatment of a field by the main method of spraying weeds and pests with the required size and number of drops from an air-dispersed jet created by an axial fan with a hydraulic drive and a nozzle equipped with slotted sprayers of liquid located along its generatrix for supplying spray cones into the initial section of the jet. Based on the developed method, the results of tinted liquid spraying subject cards fixed in a certain position in compliance with the GOST 34630 on tablets and located perpendicular to the motion direction of the sprayer on soil and hills.
RESEARCH NOVELTY: The aerosol technology for edge treatment of a field for the destruction of weeds and pests was proposed for the first time.
RESULTS: Using eight LU-015. AD-015 (color code - green) slotted sprayers on the nozzle generatrix of the device, the number of drops deposited per 1 cm2 on the surface at a distance from the nozzle up to 15 m satisfies the agrotechnical requirements for the use of herbicides, as well as insecticides and fungicides. Throughout the height of the cards at a distance of 10 m from the nozzle, the number of drops per 1 cm2 decreases, and especially with an increase in the height of their location. Large drops of the polydisperse system settle on the soil earlier to kill weeds, while small ones move to the forest belt to kill pests at the base.
CONCLUSIONS: With theoretical calculations and experimentally, the aerosol technology of combined edge treatment of a field and field-protective plantings with the environmentally friendly cold aerosol using slotted liquid sprayers was justificated. The performance of rational technology is ensured by: the technical unit motion velocity of 3 km/h, the spraying width of 10 m, the working fluid pressure of 4 bar, the productivity of 3 ha/h, the working solution flow rate of 108.8 l/ha.
Hypoxia-Like Effect of L-Arginine in Seminal Vesicle and Epididymis of Rats
Authors: Marsyanova Yuliya A. , Zvyagina Valentina I.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: The effect of L-arginine on metabolic processes is mediated by nitric oxide (II), whose pool is regulated by several enzymes. In the literature, the mutual influence of oxygen deficit and NO production is described. Besides, both processes can be regulated by exogenous L-arginine.
AIM: To evaluate participation of L-arginine in the development of adaptive response to chronic normobaric hypoxia of tissues of reproductive system of male rats and to study its influence on metabolic changes in normoxia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was conducted on Wistar stock rats (males, n = 8) which were divided to the following groups: (1) animals receiving L-arginine injections of 500 mg/kg of body weight for 10 days; (2) animals of control group receiving 0.9% NaCl solution; (3) animals subjected to chronic normobaric hypoxia in a hermetic chamber, observed once a day for 14 days until the oxygen concentration in the air decreased by 10%; (4) animals of the control group observed in a ventilated chamber; (5) animals subjected to hypoxia and injections of L-arginine. The material for analysis was the mitochondria and mitochondria-free fraction of the cytoplasm of the seminal vesicles, of the head and tail of the epididymis. The parameters were evaluated photometrically using diagnostic and enzyme immunoassay kits.
RESULTS: The animals receiving L-arginine showed increase in the amount of -subunit of hypoxia-induced factor in the cytoplasm of seminal vesicles by 132% (p = 0.01), in the tail of epididymis by 32% (p = 0.02) and reduction in mitochondria by 45% (p = 0.01) and 60% (p = 0,002), respectively, a decrease in succinate levels by 40% (p = 0.005) and 51% (p = 0.0009), an increase in the concentration of lactic acid in the cytoplasm by 194% (p = 0.03) and 253% (p = 0.018), a decrease in cytochrome oxidase activity from 0.96 [0.66; 1.69] RU/mg of protein to 0.27 [0.23; 0.32] (p = 0.0009) and from 1.04 [0.84; 1.33] to 0.26 [0.14; 0.37] (p = 0.003), relative to the control group. The observed changes are characteristic of the state of hypoxia and are explained by the cell switching over to glycolytic pathway of energy production, in contrast to mitochondrial pathway in normoxia. The combined effect of hypoxia and arginine partially enhanced each other's effects.
CONCLUSION: L-arginine causes hypoxia-like state in cells through activating -subunit by hypoxia-induced factor, reducing cytochrome oxidase activity, increasing glycolysis, and also partially enhances the effects of chronic normobaric hypoxia.
Surgical Tactics in Perforations of Stomach and Small Intestine in Children (Literature Review)
Authors: Gavrilyuk Vasiliy P. , Severinov Dmitriy A. , Ovcharenko Anatoliy M.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Currently, the number of pediatric patients urgently hospitalized with different variants of gastrointestinal perforations complicated with peritonitis, remains high. In the given work, the variants of the surgical treatment depending on the location of the perforation defect (stomach, duodenum, small intestine) are presented, and the most common causes of such conditions encountered in clinical practice, are described (perforation of Meckels diverticulum, spontaneous perforation of small intestine and stomach in children with extremely low body mass, patients with EhlersDanlos syndrome).
AIM: To determine the most relevant variants of surgical tactics in children with perforations of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract (in particular, stomach, small intestine) in conditions of peritonitis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the process of studying the literature, 142 scientific publications were analyzed on Google Academy, PubMed, eLIBRARY information resources, published from 2002 to 2022. With this, works describing intestinal perforation with the underlying necrotic enterocolitis, were excluded from the study, since this category of patients requires a separate discussion and description of approaches to treatment.
CONCLUSION: According to the results of the analysis of scientific literature, variants of surgical tactics used in perforations of the gastric wall include (in the order from the most commonly used to the least common): laparotomy and suturing with excision of the edges of the defect; suturing in conditions of laparoscopy; atypical resection with the formation of a gastric tube on the probe; resection of stomach. In duodenal perforations, the following methods are used: rhomboid duodeno-duodenoanastomosis according to Kimura, intracorporeal suture with endovideosurgical access; laparotomy and suturing of the defect in extensive necrosis. In spontaneous perforation in the small intestine, resection of the part of the intestine is advisable anastomosis according to Santulli in combination with terminal ileostomy, simultaneous end-to-end anastomosis or application of intestinal stomas.
Overload of the Right Ventricle in Patients with Pulmonary Embolism: Analysis of New Evaluation Criteria
Authors: Pronin Andrey G. , Sivokhina Nataliya Yu. , Goncharov Mikhail A.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: The increasing incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) and high mortality from it necessitates development of new echocardiographic (EchoCG) criteria for assessing the severity of pressure and volume overload of the right ventricle (RV) in patients with PE.
AIM: To perform critical analysis of the developed EchoCG criteria of overload of the right heart chambers in PE with the aim to determine severity of the course and outcomes of the disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 428 patients with PE divided to 4 groups: group 1 42 patients with recorded death, group 2 51 patients with hemodynamically significant disease, group 3 193 hemodynamically stable patients with EchoCG signs of the overload of the right ventricle, group 4 142 patients with no identified symptoms. Comparison of the developed EchoCG criteria was conducted: the volume of tricuspid regurgitation, its ratio to the volume of the right atrium and the stroke volume of the heart, and also the pressure in the pulmonary trunk, the pressure gradient on the pulmonic valve and its ratio to the pressure gradient on the tricuspid valve in the studied groups with the determination of threshold values having diagnostic and prognostic significance.
RESULTS: It was found that the level of the estimated pressure gradient on the pulmonic valve has statistically significant correlation with the hemodynamic significance of the course of the disease (r = 0.91, р 0.01) and fatal outcome (r = 0.99, р 0.01) and possesses high sensitivity (more than 92.7%) and specificity (more than 97.8%). This parameter is proved to be the most important prognostic EchCG criterion. To determine the expression of the RV dysfunction and the priority flow of blood from its cavity, the following parameters equivalent to EhcoCG, such as the ratio of pressure gradient on the pulmonic artery to the pressure gradient on the tricuspid valve and the ratio of the tricuspid regurgitation volume to the stroke volume, are also significant.
CONCLUSION: Calculation of the pressure gradient on the pulmonic valve and its correlation with the pressure gradient on the tricuspid valve, just as the ratio of the volume of tricuspid regurgitation to the stroke volume can be reliable criteria for assessment of the hemodynamic significance of PE and predictors of its outcome.
Experience in Treatment of Patients with First Type Secondary Endoleaks
Authors: Kalmykov Egan L. , Suchkov Igor’  A. , Kalinin Roman  E. , Dammrau Rolf
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: First type secondary endoleaks (EL) require quickest elimination, primarily using the endovascular methods. Despite the existence of a sufficiently large number of methods of their elimination, the results of treatment remain ambiguous.
AIM: Analysis of our own experience of elimination of the first type ELs in patients after endoprosthetics of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is retrospective with prospective observation. All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) for identification of the type of EL and choosing a method of its elimination. The term first type secondary EL was understood as EL which developed in the long-term period after the primarily negative CT-angiography after endoprosthetic repair of the aorta.
RESULTS: ELs of Ia type were diagnosed in 14 cases, in one case EL of Ib type was identified. On average, first type secondary ELs were identified in 34 months after the primary operation for endograft implantation. In 2 of 15 patients, EL were symptomatic. The elimination of the first type EL required an individualized approach in all cases. The main methods of elimination of the first type EL were: elongation using Jotec E-iliac (n = 1); coiling with implantation of Gore cuff and Chimney-stenting of the left renal artery (LRA; n = 2); implantation of Gore cuff (n = 4); reinforcement with Aptus EndoAnchors (n = 2); Cuff Gore implantation and LRA stenting by Chimney-technique (n = 1); implantation of Cuff Jotec and reinforcement with Aptus EndoAnchors (n = 1); aneurysmal sac coiling (n = 2); Gore cuff implantation with fixation with EndoAnchors and LRA stenting using Chimney-technique (n = 1). The technical success of EL elimination was 100% (in all cases, the success was confirmed by intraoperative angiography, as well as by CT angiography or ultrasound duplex scanning with contrast enhancement after surgery), there were no deaths. In the long-term period (from 6 to 60 months), re-interventions were performed in two cases, fatal outcome happened in one case, after a late open conversion for elimination of EL.
CONCLUSION: In 13% of cases, first type ELs were symptomatic, and their elimination required individual approach with taking into account anatomical factors and the implanted graft. The medium-term results of the elimination of the first type EL are good, no fatal cases have been reported, and the number of reinterventions has reached 20%, which requires monitoring in the postoperative period.
Business Security Threat Overview Using IT and Business Intelligence
Authors: Thaduri Upendar Rao
Published: October 2023

Through a critical reflection on how information systems (IS) are currently defined in the IS literature, this study aims to contribute to a more profound knowledge of information systems (IS). The research identifies a number of definitions of IS that may be found in the literature by employing the hermeneutic method for literature reviews. The examination of these definitions allows for the differentiation of four distinct perspectives on information systems (IS): a technology view, which emphasizes the technological aspects of IS; a social theory, which highlights the sociocultural factors of IS; a socio-technical view, which emphasizes the interconnection of technology and social elements; and a process view, which emphasizes the activity orientation of IS. This study critically examines the many methods of understanding and conceptualizing information systems and explores their contributions and limits. Based on this examination, the paper argues for developing an alternative socio-material understanding of IS based on a non-dualist, relational ontology.
White spot lesions in clear aligner therapy as compared with multi-bracket system: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sharma Vipul K , Singh Deepak , Srivastava Roopal , Priyadarshani Pooja , Chaturvedi T P
Published: October 2023

To evaluate incidence of white spot lesions in clear aligner treatment compared with fixed appliance therapy.

Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration Oral Health group database of clinical trials, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus) and manual search of gray literature were conducted up to September 2021. Both randomized and non-randomized controlled studies were considered for review purposes. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment (RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I) was performed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Intervention. Due to the presence of high heterogeneity only qualitative analysis has been done.

Out of 479 retrieved literature, 3 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. Studies were evaluated at low to high risk of bias. On qualitative analysis, a total of 160 new white spot lesions were developed in the clear aligner group and 362 new lesions were found in the fixed orthodontic group (P <0.001). In addition, the surface area of white spot lesion in the clear aligner group was more than the fixed appliance group but the deepest lesion was still found in the fixed appliance group.

Incidence and severity of white spot lesion was found more in the fixed appliance group as compared to the clear aligner group. However, more low risk of bias studies with proper methodological quality is required to reinforce the conclusive evidence.
Spirituality: An Attitudinal Variable among Other Factors that Drive Purchase Behaviour of the Green Consumer Segment
Authors: Aggarwal Akanksha , Balasubramanian Chandrasekhar
Published: October 2023

This paper empirically examines “Spirituality” (an understudied construct) as one of the variables influencing consumers’ decision to buy green products among other factors, such as Environmental Concern (EC), Perceived Environmental Knowledge (PEK), Green Peer Influence (GPI), and Perceived Consumer Effectiveness (PCE). The data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and 418 responses were gathered. The research model is based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by applying structural equation modelling using WarpPLS software. A significant direct relationship between EC, PCE, and Spirituality with Attitude and purchase of green products was observed as hypothesized indicating Spiritual beliefs of consumers impact their green purchase behaviour. The study adds to the literature by providing an additional construct of spirituality to existing models of consumer behaviour as per TPB. The study holds important implications for marketers suggesting that if the products are seen as environmentally friendly and ethical, then they can have a good place in the hearts of the consumers.
Influence of Family Involvement Towards Financial Access in MSMES — A Perspective
Authors: Rasmi P. , Ramya K.
Published: October 2023

The MSME sector is a prime factor in the national economic development of the world as it plays a strategic role in opening employment and new business and contributing greatly to encouraging the increase of GDP. A few pieces of research show that MSMEs’ sustainability and resilience are continuously vulnerable to risk. The key dimension for MSMEs is their financial sustainability. It relies on MSMEs’ ability to depend on oneself-operations and implies that the MSME should make a profit from its operations. Financial resources help to sustain and survive the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Access to the financial source is very important in the entrepreneurial development and economic growth of a country. Most importantly, it must be timely. The focus of this study is on the influence of family involvement on financial access in MSMEs, as the success of any business depends upon their involvement and support. Their contribution motivates entrepreneurial initiatives to the next level of advancement. This study surveyed on 80 MSMEs from different sectors in Kerala. Data were collected from 80 entrepreneurs. The developed conceptual framework was tested using the Structured Equation Model (SEM) and analysed through AMOS. SPSS 23.0 version software was used to analyse the data collected through a structured questionnaire. Most of the firms operated under the complete influence of family were more productive, competitive, and innovative and gave a good financial accessibility Cronbach’s score of 0.281. Such MSMEs had perfect business sustainability blended with financial stability. Moreover, the firms operated under the family influence outperformed their non-family counterparts. This study highlights the importance of family involvement in financial accessibility and their contribution to the success of any MSMEs in Kerala.
Evaluation of Operational Efficiency of Fair Price Shops in Public Distribution System: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sathish Anthony , Gaonkar Narendra B.
Published: October 2023

Public Distribution System has been in existence since the pre-independence era and continues to function to date supplying essential commodities to citizens at affordable prices across the country. The essential commodities in the form of food grains are supplied with joint efforts of the Central and State Governments of various states through a network of fair price shops. The operational efficiency of these fair price shops is crucial in reaching out to genuine eligible beneficiaries. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the operational efficiency of Fair Price Shops in the State of Goa. The study aims to develop a model to measure the operational efficiency of fair price shops operating in the State of Goa from the perception of beneficiaries. The data is collected from 500 beneficiaries across all the 12 talukas from the State of Goa. The sample size is selected proportionately on the basis of the total number of beneficiaries in each taluka. The data is analysed through Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling. The present study is needed to strengthen the efforts of the government in ensuring food and nutritional security for citizens. Since fair price shops are instrumental in the supply chain of the public distribution system, the study on the efficiency of operating fair price shops will wipe out anomalies from the system. The present study will identify and analyse the factors leading to the Operational Efficiency of fair price shops in the Public Distribution System. The model developed to measure operational efficiency will help in achieving the mission of the government to ensure the availability of food grains at the right time, in the right quality, in the right quantity, at the right price and at the right place to the right beneficiaries in the country.
Understanding Entrepreneurial Intentions among University Students: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Lakra Bharat Kumar
Published: October 2023

In most nations, entrepreneurship has been crucial to economic growth and social stability. India has the world’s biggest proportion of young people in its population, and it is struggling with the high rates of youth unemployment. In this jobless situation, finding new jobs is challenging for students. Therefore, having an entrepreneurial goal is the most crucial mechanism for doing a new business and being self-employed. This research aims to evaluate the perceptions of the Berhampur University students toward entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control on entrepreneurial intentions by using Aizen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and data validation in the state of Odisha setting. This research study population was 1048 students of Berhampur University, and 319 students participated in data collection for research sample but 294 usable sample responses received as of the 2021-2022 academic year. The study used a cross-sectional research design. Purposive sampling was used to gather the data, and a closed-ended questionnaire was given to respondents. Data was cleaned and analysed by applying statistical tool of structural equation modelling to examine at the relationships between the constructs and variables. The research findings revealed a positive relationship between perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intentions. Surprisingly, the outcome results were somewhat contrary to TPB because the construct of personal attitude and subjective norm with entrepreneurial intentions did not have any significant relationships with the population of university students. This research will offer fresh perspectives on both academics and policymakers. Universities today play a key role in impacting students’ views and behaviours by offering a platform and an atmosphere that encourage an entrepreneurial spirit. In order to emphasise the advantages of being a young entrepreneur, policymakers should concentrate on establishing a new business and funding start-ups.
Modelling Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty Using Structural Equation Modeling Based on Service Quality Measurement in the 10-Minute Online Grocery Delivery Industry
Authors: Ghosh Anik , Sarkar Niloy , Ganguly Avishek , Banerjee Shibnath
Published: October 2023

With lives getting faster and customers becoming more demanding and impatient, companies are wagering on attaining the customers’ needs fleetly. The impatient nature of the customer has led to the ballooning of a new concept known as “10-minute delivery”. In the competitive landscape of the online grocery delivery industry, merely delivering the product to customers is no longer enough to claim the coveted title of an industry leader - a thorough analysis of the intricate factors that underpin customer satisfaction and loyalty is an absolute imperative. This research aims to study the impact of 10-minute online grocery delivery service quality on the satisfaction and loyalty of customers in Kolkata. The study targeted online grocery shoppers in the city of Kolkata & collected 274 responses. A structural equation model was developed to study the relationships between the established seven dimensions (app interface, information quality, grocery quality, delivery service, sales promotion, packaging & customer support) of grocery service quality and customer satisfaction and loyalty. The findings of the study suggest that companies should focus on improving the app interface, grocery quality, delivery service, and customer support to enhance customer satisfaction in this industry. The study also found a significant association between customer satisfaction and loyalty, indicating that customers who are satisfied with the quality of 10-minute online grocery delivery services are more likely to remain loyal to the grocery delivery service provider. Overall, this study not only offers essential insights to companies striving to enhance their 10-minute grocery delivery services and gain a competitive edge in this industry but also contributes to the body of knowledge in this relatively new and unexplored area of research.
Kautilya’s Arthashastra: Relevance in the 21st Century
Authors: Das Sanjib
Published: October 2023

No Abstract.