bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Newman on Art, Imagination, and the Classics: Callista Revisited
Authors: Pezzini Giuseppe
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: Despite its popular success during his lifetime, Newman's historical novel Callista (1855) gradually fell out of fashion and is nowadays among one of his most neglected works. Even critics who are sympathetic to Callista cannot help but betray the feeling that the merits (if any) of Newman's second novel are pastoral or apologetic, rather than literary, and that its place in Newman's opus is minor at best. This essay will argue that Callista has been both undeservedly neglected and significantly misunderstood. Callista is an important work, possessing notable aesthetic merits and highlighting Newman's remarkable breadth of literary appreciation. The novel weaves an impressive web of literary intertexts and exhibits a sensitive and informed cross-fertilization between early Christian apologetics, martyr narratives and the Romantic historical novel. Above all else, Callista is a text with a strong meta-artistic dimension. Meaning, it is in the very act of writing the novel that Newman addressed to the issue whether, as a recent convert to Roman Catholicism, he could reconcile or negotiate the classical (pagan) tradition with Christianity. This essay will show the degree to which Callista tracks Newman's developing views on art and imagination, in the early period of his conversion. An attendant hope of this essay is that it can also supply a redressive response to Newman's late complaint that, when it came to Callista , "Catholics have [n]ever done justice to [it]."
Non Fit Morte Miser: Pompey The Great as Aristotelian Tragic Hero in Lucan’s Bellum Civile .
Authors: Diproperzio Joseph
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Pompey’s character in Lucan’s Bellum Civile provokes the same emotions as the tragic hero. Like an Aristotelian tragic hero, Pompey is condemned by fate but also exhibits certain defects which lead to his defeat and murder. Lucan focuses on the flaws of indecision and ambition which contribute to the general’s fall from his illustrious position. Although Pompey is intellectually and morally imperfect after the Battle of Pharsalus, he shows signs of improvement in both respects. At his assassination, moreover, Pompey accepts his place within fate, faces death magnanimously, and carries on the resistance against Caesar even after death.
Augustus, Tiberius, and the Prediction of the Accession of Galba
Authors: Woods David
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Suetonius records that Augustus had predicted to the child Galba that he would taste imperial power, while Tacitus and Dio attribute a similar address to Tiberius. In this article I argue that Augustus addressed Galba as Suetonius claims, but that he did not intend his words to be understood in the way that they were, as a prediction that Galba would rise to the throne. I also argue that Tiberius was quoting Augustus when he addressed Galba in similar fashion, and that he did so to signify his belief that he had fulfilled the alleged ominous significance of Augustus’ words to him by his recent promotion of him.
Robust method to process nonuniform intensity holograms in digital holographic microscopy for nanoscale surface metrology
Authors: Narayan Subrahmanya Keremane , Pandey Dhruvam , Vithin Allaparthi Venkata Satya , Gannavarpu Rajshekhar
Published: October 2023

In this work, we propose a method based on nonlinear optimization to process holograms corrupted with nonuniform intensity fluctuations in digital holographic microscopy. Our method focuses on formulating an objective function from the recorded signal and subsequently minimizing it using a second-order optimization algorithm. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for phase extraction in the presence of severe noise and rapid intensity variations through extensive numerical simulations. Further, we validate the practical applicability of our method for nanoscale surface topography of standard test samples in digital holographic microscopy.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of mobile binocular stereo vision based on push-broom line structured light for a workpiece surface
Authors: Wang Yue , Han Xueyou , Rui Jing , Zhang Hailan , Yin Lei , Zhang Xuefeng , Wang Xiangjun
Published: October 2023

Stereo vision technology based on line structured light can effectively solve the problem of a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of a smooth surface. A method for 3D reconstruction of mobile binocular stereo vision based on push-broom line structured light for a workpiece surface is presented in this paper. The subpixel coordinates of the light strip centers of the line structured light are obtained by the Steger algorithm while the binocular module moves along the guide rail, and the polar constraint is used to achieve the matching of the extracted light strip centers. As a result, the 3D coordinates of the light strip centers in each location can be calculated because of the known interior and external parameters of the binocular module. To obtain the 3D point cloud data of the entire surface, a relative pose optimization method with respect to the initial frame is proposed, which accurately estimates the pose of the cameras in each location with respect to that in the initial location and unifies the 3D coordinates of the light strip centers in each location to the datum coordinates. The relative pose optimization method first estimates the rough values by using the direct linear transform method, and then iteratively calculates the refined solutions based on the principle of minimizing the re-projection errors. Simulation data and substantial experimental results validate the effectiveness of our method. Our method is compared to the direct linear transform method and the frame-by-frame transfer method, and the root mean square error (RMSE) of the distance from 3D point cloud to fitted plane is used to evaluate the 3D reconstruction accuracy. The repeatability experiment shows that the RMSE from our method is as low as 0.83 mm.
Bipolar segmented photonic digital-to-analog converter with wavelength multiplexing and balanced detection
Authors: Li Jiading , Yu Jinghan , Wang Mian , Zhang Jichen , Li Shangyuan , Zheng Xiaoping , Xue Xiaoxiao
Published: October 2023

Photonic digital-to-analog converters (PDACs) with segmented design can achieve better performance than conventional binary PDACs in terms of effective number of bits (ENOB) and spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR). However, segmented PDACs generally require an increased amount of laser sources. Here, a structure of bipolar segmented PDAC based on laser wavelength multiplexing and balanced detection is proposed. The number of lasers is reduced by a half compared to a conventional segmented design with the same nominal resolution. Moreover, ideal bipolar output with no direct-current bias can be achieved with balanced detection. A proof-of-concept setup with a sampling rate of 10 GSa/s is constructed by employing only four lasers. The PDAC consists of four unary weighted channels and four ternary weighted channels. The measured ENOB and SFDR are 4.6 bits and 37.0 dBc, respectively. Generation of high-quality linear frequency-modulated radar waveforms with an instantaneous bandwidth of 4 GHz is also demonstrated.
Compact on-chip THz circular polarization detectors with high discrimination based on chiral plasmonic antennas
Authors: Li Fangzhe , Chu Zeshi , Zhou Jing , Deng Jie , Shen Jinyong , Zhu Tianyun , Jing Wenji , Dai Xu , Ye Jiexian , Chen Xiaoshuang
Published: October 2023

THz circular polarization detection is an important technology in many applications of THz waves. With the ongoing miniaturization of optoelectronic systems, there is an increasing demand for compact on-chip THz circular polarization detectors. Here, we propose what we belive to be a novel device of this kind based on the composite structure of quantum well (QW) infrared detection material sandwiched by a chiral plasmonic antenna array and a metal plane. Due to the circular polarization dependent light coupling discrimination provided by the cavity enhanced chiral antenna and the second polarization selection of the QWs, a circular polarization extinction ratio as high as 25 is achieved, surpassing all reported on-chip THz circular polarization detectors. Due to the field enhancement at the QWs, the absorption for the principle circular polarization is 15 times higher than a standard reference. The absorption peak can be tuned over the range from 6.41 to 6.56 THz, while considerable absorption enhancement and high circular polarization discrimination are preserved even under non-normal incidence. Our proposed device's structure is compatible with the QWIP focal plane array and has far-reaching application prospects opens a new avenue to the development of high-performance compact on-chip THz circular polarization detectors.
Highly sensitive dual core photonic crystal fiber-based LSPR sensor with simultaneous multi-analyte detection of a wide refractive index range
Authors: Yasar Saadman , Faisal Mohammad
Published: October 2023

This manuscript introduces an anisotropic highly sensitive dual core photonic crystal fiber sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance, possessing the ability to detect multiple analytes simultaneously. Liquid analytes having a refractive index (RI) within the range of 1.25 to 1.5 RIU have been investigated using the proposed sensor. The numerical analysis of the sensing parameters for the proposed sensor shows a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 47,500 nm/RIU for x-polarization (Channel 1) and 18,050 nm/RIU for y-polarization (Channel 2), respectively using the wavelength interrogation technique. Maximum amplitude sensitivity of 625 RIU−1 and 437 RIU−1 is obtained for x−pol. and y−pol., respectively using the amplitude interrogation technique. Maximum sensor resolution of 2.11 × 10−6 RIU and 5.01 × 10−6 RIU is obtained for x−pol. and y−pol., respectively. The linear relationship of the resonant wavelength with the RI produces R2 = 0.9976 and R2 = 0.9979, corresponding to a degree (3) for x−pol. and y−pol., respectively. The figure of merit for x−pol. and y−pol. are 84 RIU−1 and 123 RIU−1.
An assessment of the fixin tplo jig to generate effective compression using a transverse fracture model
Authors: Ferringo Cassio Ricardo Auada , Diggs George , Lewis Daniel D. , Banks Scott A.
Published: October 2023

The objective of this study was to determine compressive loads that could be generated using a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) jig with a tensioned strand of 18-gauge stainless steel orthopedic wire in a simulated transverse fracture model. The wire was sequentially tensioned using heavy needle holders or an AO wire tightener. Recorded loads were subsequently compared to loads generated by applying a 3.5 mm limited contact-dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) as a compression plate. Two segments of 2 cm diameter Delrin rod were placed in a testing apparatus and used to simulate a transverse fracture. A load cell was interposed between the two segments to measure the compressive loads generated during the application of the TPLO jig or the LC-DCP. Compression was generated by sequential tensioning a strand of 18-gauge wire secured through the base of the arms of the TPLO jig or by placing one or two load screws in the LC-DCP. Wires were tensioned using heavy needle holders or an AO wire tightener. Eight replicates of each construct were tested. Recorded loads were compared using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test. The wire being tensioned broke while attempting a second quarter rotation of the needle holders and when the crank handle of the AO wire tightener was advanced beyond two rotations. The mean + SD peak compressive loads recorded when tensioning the wire using the heavy needle holders and AO wire tightener was 148 ± 7 N and 217 ± 16 N, respectfully. The mean ± SD load recorded after placement of the first and second load screw in the LC-DCP was 131 ± 39 N and 296 ± 49 N, respectively. The compression generated by placing two load screws in the LC-DCP was superior to the compression generated using the jig. The maximum load recorded by tensioning the wire secured through the TPLO jig using the AO wire tightener was superior to the compression generated by placing a single load screw and tensioning the wire using needle holders. Our results demonstrate that the TPLO jig allows surgeons to compress transverse fractures or osteotomies effectively. Tensioning the AO wire tightener allows for sequential tensioning and generates superior compressive loads than tensioning wires with heavy needle holders.
Distributional effects of parental time investments on children’s socioemotional skills and nutritional health
Authors: Caro Juan Carlos
Published: October 2023

Parental behavior is paramount to child health and skill formation, explaining a significant portion of differences in developmental outcomes. However, little is known regarding the distributional effects of parental time allocation at different levels of children’s outcomes. I use a national administrative dataset of Chilean pre-school students to the estimate production functions for socioemotional development and body mass index z-scores at every decile of the distribution at baseline. Modest average effects conceal significant heterogeneity on the returns to parental time investments. Children in the bottom of the socioemotional development distribution could gain up to 0.4 standard deviations for a one standard deviation increase in time investments. A similar increase can lead to a reduction of 0.8 standard deviations in body mass index among severely obese students. Evidence reveals that children with high developmental scores are unlikely to benefit from additional parenting time.
Development and validation of a subjective end-of-life health literacy scale
Authors: Meier Clément , Vilpert Sarah , Wieczorek Maud , Borrat-Besson Carmen , Jox Ralf J. , Maurer Jürgen
Published: October 2023

Personal health literacy is the ability of an individual to find, understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and actions for oneself and others. The end of life is commonly characterized by the occurrence of one or several diseases, the use of many different types of healthcare services, and a need to make complex medical decisions that may involve challenging tradeoffs, such as choices between quality and length of life. Although end-of-life care issues concern most people at some point in life, individuals’ competencies to deal with those questions have rarely been explored. This study aims to introduce, develop, and validate an instrument to measure individuals’ self-assessed competencies to deal with end-of-life medical situations, the Subjective End-Of-Life Health Literacy Scale (S-EOL-HLS), in a sample of older adults aged 50+ living in Switzerland who participated in wave 8 (2019/2020) of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. The S-EOL-HLS uses a series of questions on self-rated difficulties in understanding end-of-life medical jargon, defining in advance which end-of-life medical treatments to receive or refuse, and communicating related choices. Aside from conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the construct validity, we compared measurements from the S-EOL-HLS to respondents’ general health literacy measured with the European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire. We obtained a three-factor model with acceptable fit properties (CFI = 0.993, TLI = 0.992, RMSEA = 0.083, SRMR = 0.061) and high reliability (α = 0.93). The partial associations between the health literacy scores from the two scales and respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics were similar; however, individuals with higher end-of-life health literacy scores appeared to have more positive attitudes towards end-of-life care planning outcomes. The S-EOL-HLS demonstrates reliable and consistent results, making the instrument suitable for older adults in population surveys.
Establishment and range expansion of Dermacentor variabilis in the northern Maritimes of Canada: Community participatory science documents establishment of an invasive tick species
Authors: Kirby Andrea M. , Evans Ellis P. , Bishop Samantha J. , Lloyd Vett K.
Published: October 2023

Tick populations are dependent on a complex interplay of abiotic and biotic influences, many of which are influenced by anthropic factors including climate change.Dermacentor variabilis, the wood tick or American dog tick, is a hardy tick species that feeds from a wide range of mammals and birds that can transmit pathogens of medical and agricultural importance. Significant range expansion across North America has been occurring over the past decades;this study documents northwards range expansion in the Canadian Maritime provinces. Tick recoveries from passive surveillance between 2012 and 2021 were examined to assess northward population expansion through Atlantic Canada. At the beginning of this period,D.variabiliswas abundant in the most southerly province, Nova Scotia, but was not considered established in the province to the north, New Brunswick. During the 10-year span covered by this study, an increasing number of locally acquired ticks were recovered in discrete foci, suggesting small established or establishing populations in southern and coastal New Brunswick. The pattern of population establishment follows the climate-driven establishment pattern ofIxodes scapularisto some extent but there is also evidence of successful seeding of disjunct populations in areas identified as sub-optimal for tick populations. Dogs were the most common host from which these ticks were recovered, which raises the possibility of human activity, via movement of companion animals, having a significant role in establishing new populations of this species.Dermacentor variabilisis a vector of several pathogens of medical and agricultural importance but is not considered to be a competent vector forBorrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of Lyme disease; our molecular analysis of a subset ofD.variabilisfor bothB.burgdorferiandB.miyamotoidid not confirm any withBorrelia. This study spans the initial establishment of this tick species and documents the pattern of introduction, providing a relatively unique opportunity to examine the first stages of range expansion of a tick species.
“Project YES! has given me a task to reach undetectable”: Qualitative findings from a peer mentoring program for youth living with HIV in Zambia
Authors: Merrill Katherine G. , Frimpong Christiana , Burke Virginia M. , Abrams Elizabeth A. , Miti Sam , Mwansa Jonathan K. , Denison Julie A.
Published: October 2023

The Project YES! clinic-based peer mentoring program was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted among 276 youth from four HIV clinics to test the impact of the program on promoting HIV self-management and reducing internalized stigma among youth living with HIV (ages 15–24 years) in Ndola, Zambia. We conducted a qualitative sub-study involving in-depth interviews with 40 intervention youth participants (21 female, 19 male) to explore their experiences with Project YES! which included: an orientation meeting led by a healthcare provider, monthly individual and group counseling sessions over six months, and three optional caregiver group sessions. Using baseline RCT data, we used maximum variation sampling to purposively select youth by sex, age, change in virologic results between baseline and midline, and study clinic. A four-person team conducted thematic coding. Youth described their increased motivation to take their HIV care seriously due to Project YES!, citing examples of improvements in ART adherence and for some, virologic results. Many cited changes in behavior in the context of greater feelings of self-worth and acceptance of their HIV status, resulting in less shame and fear associated with living with HIV. Youth also attributed Project YES! with reducing their sense of isolation and described Project YES! youth peer mentors and peers as their community and “family.” Findings highlight that self-worth and personal connections play a critical role in improving youths’ HIV outcomes. Peer-led programs can help foster these gains through a combination of individual and group counseling sessions. Greater attention to the context in which youth manage their HIV, beyond medication intake, is needed to reach global HIV targets.
Association of the dietary copper intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhao Yun-Tao
Published: October 2023

Background

Copper (Cu) is a component that performs a crucial role in the normal function and development of the human body. Nonetheless, it is still largely unclear how Cu consumption in the diet relates to the risk for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001–2018 were used to conduct a prospective cohort study of individuals between the ages of 20 years and above. Regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals for the link between dietary Cu consumption and all-cause and cardiovascular-related mortality were computed utilizing univariate and multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

A total of 197.9 million non-institutionalized American citizens were represented by the NHANES’s 39,784 participants. The link between Cu in the diet and all-cause mortality was discovered to be non-linear in our restricted cubic spline regression models. When comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of Cu consumption in the diet, the weighted multivariate hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.91 (0.83–0.99) for Q2, 0.88 (0.80–0.97) for Q3, and 0.86 (0.76–0.98) for Q4 (P for trend = 0.017). An identical trend was observed for cardiovascular mortality, but the association is not significant.

Conclusion

The most important discovery was that higher dietary Cu consumption was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality. This trend was also consistent with that of cardiovascular-related mortality, but the association is not significant.
Identification and characterization of lipoxygenase (LOX) genes involved in abiotic stresses in yellow horn
Authors: Hu Fang , Zhang Yunxiang , Guo Jinping
Published: October 2023

Lipoxygenase (LOX) gene plays an essential role in plant growth, development, and stress response. 15 LOX genes were identified, which were unevenly distributed on chromosomes and divided into three subclasses in this study. In promoter region analysis, many cis-elements were identified in growth and development, abiotic stress response, hormonal response, and light response. qRT-PCR showed that the LOX gene showed tissue specificity in seven tissues, especially XsLOX1, 3, and 7 were relatively highly expressed in roots, stems, and axillary buds. The different expression patterns of LOX genes in response to abiotic stress and hormone treatment indicate that different XsLOX genes have different reactions to these stresses and play diversified roles. This study improves our understanding of the mechanism of LOX regulation in plant growth, development, and stress and lays a foundation for further analysis of biological functions.
Best practices for implementing biosafety inspections in a clinical laboratory: Evidence from a multi-site experimental study
Authors: Qin Qiaoling , Tseng Cynthia , Chen Wenlin , Tseng Chung-Li
Published: October 2023

Objectives

To explore the key components when designing best practice inspection interventions, so as to induce high compliance with safety guidelines for laboratory workers.

Methods

Five key components of an inspection intervention, identified from a focus group discussion, were used as the attributes of a discrete choice experiment (DCE). In the DCE, participants were presented with two hypothetical scenarios and asked to choose the scenario in which they were more willing to comply with the laboratory safety guidelines. Data were collected from 35 clinical laboratories in seven healthcare institutes located in Chengdu, China. In total, 188 laboratory workers completed the DCE. The collected data were analyzed using conditional logit regression and latent class analysis.

Results

Five key attributes were identified as the most important ones to best ensure laboratory safety: the inspector, the inspection frequency, the inspection timing, the communication of the inspection outcome, and a follow-up with either a reward or a punishment. By investigating the laboratory workers’ responses to the attributes, properly implementing the five attributes could improve the workers’ compliance from 25.86% (at the baseline case) to 74.54%. Compliance could be further improved with the consideration of the laboratory workers’ heterogeneous reactions. In this study, two classes of workers, A and B, were identified. Compliance percentages for Classes A and B would be improved to 85.48% and 81.84%, respectively, when the key attributes were properly implemented for each class. The employment type and the size of the laboratory could be used to predict class membership.

Conclusion

The findings indicate the importance of an employee-centered approach in encouraging a worker’s compliance. This approach also supports the design of tailored interventions by considering the laboratory workers’ heterogeneous responses to the interventions.
Thinking through biography
Authors: Harmer Tanya
Published: October 2023

This Afterword considers the articles in this special issue ofRadical Americas. Reflecting on how a biographical lens can illuminate the past, it draws out some of the key findings of the special issue articles and interrogates their significance for understanding militancy in Latin America in the late twentieth century. Specifically, it explores what life histories can tell us about space and scale, and the opportunities and the costs of militancy during the Cold War in Latin America. It contends that there is more to learn and gain from thinking through a biographical lens going forward.
I:DNA – Evaluating the impact of public engagement with a multimedia art installation on genetic screening
Authors: Boardman Felicity K. , Clark Corinna C. , Buck Rosanna , Hundt Gillian Lewando
Published: October 2023

Art is increasingly being used by researchers as a medium to engage the public, yet evaluating and capturing impact remains challenging. We report an evaluation of a four-year public engagement project, I:DNA, designed to engage the public with research that explores the views and experiences of people with genetic conditions. An immersive art installation was exhibited at six scientific/cultural venues (2019–22), alongside several supplementary engagement activities, including talks, a game, ‘invisible theatre’, poetry workshops/performance and children’s art workshops. I:DNA reached over 26,500 people (online and in-person), and 268 people left some form of evaluation via postcards, online forms or emails. Through thematic analysis of this evaluation data, as well as the artistic outputs of supplementary activities, evidence of impact was identified in three key areas: changing views, inspiring behaviour change and supporting capacity for future public engagement. Implementation and evaluation of I:DNA highlights the challenges of evaluating the impact of complex arts-based public engagement projects, and the urgent need for methodological development to evaluate the processes by which impact occurs (not just the consequences of that impact), and the significance of venue and context, as well as the short-, medium- and long-term impacts of arts-based public engagement for both public and stakeholder groups.
David Aitchison, The School Story: Young Adult Narratives in the Age of Neoliberalism
Authors: Kostenniemi Peter
Published: October 2023

Review/Recension
Activation of CB2R by synthetic CB2R agonist, PM289, improves brain endothelial barrier properties, decreases inflammatory response and enhances endothelial repair
Authors: Bullock Trent A. , Galpayage Dona Kalpani N. Udeni , Hale Jonathan F. , Morales Paula , Jagerovic Nadine , Andrews Allison M. , Ramirez Servio H.
Published: October 2023

The Cannabinoid 2 Receptor (CB2R) has been found to provide immunological modulation in different cell types. More recently, detection of CB2R in the cerebral endothelium suggests a possible role in the resolution of inflammation at the level of the blood–brain–barrier (BBB). Here, the notion that CB2R upregulation in brain endothelial cells could be exploited to promote vascular protection and BBB integrity was evaluated. Targeting and activation of CB2R was accomplished by a novel and highly specific chromenopyrazole based CB2R agonist, PM289. This study demonstrates that CB2R upregulation is induced as early as 8 h in the cortical vasculature in an experimental mouse model of TBI. Unlike CB2R, CB1R was marginally detected and not significantly induced. In the human brain endothelial cell line, hCMEC/D3 cells, similar induction of CB2R was observed upon stimulation with TNFα. Analysis of transendothelial electrical resistance shows that PM289 markedly prevented the barrier-leakiness induced by TNFα. The BBB is also responsible for maintaining an immunological barrier. The five-fold increase in ICAM1 expression in stimulated endothelial cells was significantly diminished due to CB2R activation. Utilizing wounding assays, results showed that wound repair could be accomplished in nearly half the time when the novel CB2R agonist is present compared to the untreated control. Lastly, mechanistically, the effects of CB2R may be explained by the observed inhibition of the p65 NFκB subunit. Overall, these studies support the notion that targeting and activating CB2R in the brain vasculature could aid in BBB and vascular protection in the context of neuroinflammation.
PROBİYOTİKLERİN MİKROENKAPSÜLASYONUNDA KULLANILAN YÖNTEMLER VE GIDA TEKNOLOJİSİNDE UYGULAMALARI
Authors: KALFAZADE Müzeyyen , ÖZDEMİR Kübra Sultan
Published: October 2023

Probiyotikler insan vücudunda ve doğada doğal olarak bulunan ve patojen olmayan mikroorganizmalardır. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaların; B ve K vitaminlerini sentezleme, kolon hareketlerini düzenleme, enflamasyonu önleme, kandaki kolesterol seviyesini düşürme ve gastrointestinal sistemde patojen mikroorganizmalara karşı antagonistik etki gösterme gibi insan sağlığına olumlu etkileri vardır. Probiyotiklerin bu olumlu etkilerinden dolayı, gıda takviyesi olarak tüketimi ya da fonksiyonel gıda üretiminde kullanımı son yıllarda artmıştır. Ancak probiyotikler; gıdaların üretimi, işlenmesi ve depolanması sırasında çevre koşullarından olumsuz etkilenebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, probiyotik mikroorganizmaların mikroenkapsülasyonu gıda ve ilaç endüstrisi açısında önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Mikroenkapsülasyon; biyoaktif bileşenlerin ve mikroorganizmaların çevre koşullarından korunması veya tat-koku gibi özelliklerin maskelenmesi amacıyla taşıyıcı materyaller ile kaplanması işlemidir. Bu derlemede, probiyotik mikroorganizmaların kapsüllenmesinde kullanılan farklı teknikler incelenmiş ve literatürdeki güncel bilgi ve uygulamalar özetlenmiştir.
The Role of Integrated Reporting in Income Smoothing, Tax Avoidance, Idiosyncratic Risk – Case of Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Geno Much. Rizal P. , Firmansyah Amrie , Prakosa Dani Kharismawan
Published: October 2023

Purpose : Idiosyncratic risk directly affects investment. The failure to foresee the risk may cause investors to suffer an enormous capital loss. Thus, this study investigates the effect of corporate policies, i.e., income smoothing and tax avoidance, on idiosyncratic risk. The use of integrated reporting as moderating variable is essential in these associations.

Method : The analysis includes 90 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2020, obtaining a total sample of 450 firm-year. Multiple linear regression models for panel data are employed to test the hypotheses.

Findings : Our findings suggest that tax avoidance positively correlates with idiosyncratic risk, while integrated reporting strengthens these relationships. In contrast, income smoothing is not associated with idiosyncratic risk. However, the interaction between income smoothing and integrated reporting is negatively associated with idiosyncratic risk. Our finding proves that idiosyncratic risk can be costly due to porous corporate policies. It bridges investors understanding of idiosyncratic risk and improves their foresight, allowing them to anticipate managers’ transgression. A better understanding of idiosyncratic risk may also help local tax authorities to improve compliance risk management for taxation purposes. This study demonstrates that market regulators may benefit from enhanced integrated reporting implementation by listed companies.

Novelty : This study includes integrated reporting, which encourages companies to be more transparent in providing information to the public, as a moderating variable in testing the effect of income smoothing and tax avoidance on idiosyncratic risk, which are rarely used in previous references.

Keywords : Idiosyncratic Risk; Income Smoothing; Tax Avoidance; Integrated Reporting; Manufacturing Company
Banking Corporation Dividend Policy – Evidence from ASEAN-6 Countries
Authors: Hamzah Ruth Samantha , Gozali Efva Octavina Donata , Yurdi Putiriva Reihani
Published: October 2023

Purpose : The study aims to investigate the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Asset Turnover (Ast-Tvr), Leverage, Change in Earnings (ChE), and Size on dividend policy as measured by Dividend Increase (DIC) on banking companies in Asean-6 Countries.

Method : We employed eight-year observation period from 2012 to 2019, thus the purposive method obtained 134 companies as samples. This study used regression analysis by Logistic Regression as the method and collected the secondary data from the annual financial statements of banking companies of ASEAN-6 countries which comprises of Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam.

Findings : The results show that ROA, Ast-Tvr, Leverage, ChE, and Size have no significant effect on dividend policy.

Novelty : To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature examining dividend policy in ASEAN-6 countries. Hence, we tried to fill the gap in terms of dividend policies in ASEAN-6 Countries. Further, this study contributes further research to provide evidence of what policies are set by banking corporations in ASEAN countries. This research also displays a better understanding for stakeholders and investors in interpreting the dividend related information prior taking the investment decision.

Keywords : Dividend Policy; ROA; Asset Turnover; Leverage; Change in Earnings; ASEAN-6 Countries
Corporate Governance and Banking Performance amid Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Meilani Asih Dwi , Zulaikha Zulaikha , Sari Rahma Prafinta
Published: October 2023

Purpose : This study aims to analyze the effect of good corporate governance on the performance of banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during Covid-19.

Method : This study used a purposive sampling method as a sample selection method. A final sample from banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020-2021 was 38. We used Multiple linear regression to analyze data. The dependent variable of this research is Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE), and the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, audit committee, and managerial ownership as independent variables.

Findings : The results of the research analysis prove that the variables of the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, audit committee, and managerial ownership have no significant effect on ROA. Then, the audit committee significantly and positively affects ROE; meanwhile, the Board of Commissioners, Board of directors, and managerial ownership have no significant effect. This finding implies that just the audit committee affects the ROE.

Novelty : This research differs from previous studies because it focuses on the effect of GCG on banking performance during the covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia.

Keywords : Good Corporate Governance, Banking Company Performance, Covid-19
The Management Accounting Usage in Automotive Servitized Companies: An Initial Attempt
Authors: Purwohedi Unggul , Zahir-ul-Hassan Muhammad Kaleem , Memon Maqsood
Published: October 2023

Purpose : Prior literature suggests a further exploration on the usage of management accounting (MA) techniques in the servitization context. Servitization is a movement in which companies consciously develop service offerings, which support their products to gain competitive advantage. There are still limited studies of this topic in the context of Indonesian manufacturing companies, thus this paper aims to provide evidence on the usage of MA in servitized manufacturing companies in Indonesia.

Method : We employed a qualitative approach as well as a preliminary survey to a number of selected managers and accountants from four different automotive companies.

Findings : The result shows that target costing is very crucial to the automotive manufacturing companies nowadays. We discover that competitive position monitoring, quality costing, integrated performance measurement, and brand management accounting are relevant to company’s strategic position. Therefore, we find the connection between the usage of MA and company’s strategic planning.

Novelty : From practical point-of-view, our study provides the evidence on the usage of MA in Indonesian servitized-manufacturing business. Also, we build a framework, which represents the relationship between the MA techniques and servitization, that could benefit business through a better understanding about the interconnections between MA usage and servitization level.

Keywords : Management Accounting; Servitization; Automotive Companies; Indonesia
Awareness of Economic, Environmental, and Social Issues and Financial Soundness–Does The Covid-19 Pandemic Matter?
Authors: Mukhibad Hasan , Hapsoro Bayu Bagas
Published: October 2023

Purpose : Regulators, the public and researchers emphasize the business world to increase awareness of economic, environmental, and social issues as corporate social responsibility (CSR). However, the economic consequences of CSR are still being debated. This study proves the role of CSR disclosure on financial soundness and the role of the coronavirus disease (covid-19 pandemic) in the relationship between the two.

Method : The research sample is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, with observations from 2015 to 2021. Data analysis uses panel data regression.

Findings : The results showed that CSR disclosure does not affect financial soundness, but the interaction between CSR and covid-19 pandemic negatively affects financial soundness. Therefore, covid-19 pandemic plays a major role in the extent to which CSR affects financial soundness. We will conduct regression analysis with other indicators of financial soundness to assess the robustness of our findings.

Novelty : The study contributes to the expansion of the prior literature in two important ways. First, we use the financial soundness consequences of CSR disclosures. This study provided evidence of covid-19’s effect on CSR disclosures.

Keywords : Customer Loyalty; Environmental Concern; Risk, Covid-19 Pandemic
Proyectos chinos en infraestructura en Argentina y mecanismos de acaparamiento de tierras: un análisis desde la gobernanza de la tierra
Authors: Mora Sol Yamila
Published: October 2023

This article analyzes the influence of land governance on land control mechanisms involved in Chinese infrastructure projects in Argentina. Based on a dialogue between the neo-Gramscian approach to International Political Economy and Political Ecology and critical agrarian studies, it is argued that land-grabbing mechanisms are conditioned by the power relations at multiple scales that configure land governance. Therefore, these modalities do not only depend on the investor but are shaped by the actions and discourses of various actors involved in land governance in the host state. The multiple mechanisms involved in two Chinese projects are organized into a typology that shows that land governance facilitated the predominance of consensual land control mechanisms, although coercion was central to supporting these modalities.
Pine wood extraction by fermentation to improve its acoustical efficiency
Authors: Daeepour Zahra , Lashgari Amir , Roohnia Mehran , Jahan-Latibari Ahmad , Safdari Vahidreza
Published: October 2023

Wood is a main material in the construction of musical instruments and speaker boxes, especially in developed countries. This study investigated the changes in acoustic properties of pine wood during the processes of fermentation, water washing, and organic washing solvent. The results indicated that both methods of water washing and ethanol-acetone mixture washing of the samples improved the values of density, modulus of elasticity, elastic stiffness, acoustic coefficient, vibration damping, and acoustic conversion efficiency. The effect of ethanol-acetone mixture washing was greater than water washing the samples. Additionally, results revealed that pretreatment before ethanol-acetone mixture washing had the most effect on vibration damping and acoustic conversion efficiency values. In general, the values obtained from ethanol-acetone mixture washing resulted in more improvement in acoustic properties compared to water washing, but the results showed that the pretreatment before water washing had a greater effect on the values of density, modulus of elasticity, elastic stiffness, and acoustic coefficient.
Concurrent Implementation of Red Black Trees
Authors: Vanukuri Teja Sri Dharma Reddy , Mutthavarapu Bala Akash , Vadranam Sai Teja , Sohail Shaik , Rao K.B.V.Brahma , Raju S.Hrushi Kesava
Published: October 2023

We offer Red Black Tree concurrent algorithms that logical ordering information is clearly maintained in the data structure, allowing clear separation from its physical tree architecture. With the property that an item only belongs to the tree if and only if it is an endpoint of an interval, we represent logical ordering using intervals. Thus, we are able to design lookup operations that are quick, simple, and devoid of synchronization. In this paper we implemented our Red Black Tree using Logical Ordering and evaluated the running time for insertion, Deletion and Contains Operations.
Integration of Wetland Technology for Sustainable Urban Development
Authors: Barman Anushri , Rajak Fulena , Jha Ramakar
Published: October 2023

The wetland technology has been derived from the concepts taken from the functions and services provided by natural wetland ecosystem. This study investigates the role of Wetland Technology Integration (WTI) for promoting Sustainable Urban Development (SUD). The research aims to assess the impact of WTI on water quality improvement, identify obstacles and opportunities and evaluate its influence on social, economic and environmental dimensions. This research employs a cross-sectional study design to assess WTI in urban development of Patna. Stratified random sampling ensures equitable representation across stakeholder group. A comprehensive questionnaire gathers data on water quality, and social, economic, and environmental impacts from 295 participants, facilitating a holistic understanding of present integration practices. The study revealed significant improvements in specific Water Quality Parameters (WQPs) in integrated area, affirming the positive effect of WTI on water quality. Regression models demonstrated a positive relationship between WTI and social, economic and environmental impact, indicating its favourable influence on urban sustainability. WTI in urban development holds promise for enhancing water quality and strengthens sustainability. The study’s outcomes offer insights into the multifaceted benefits of WTI and underscore the importance of overcoming challenges.
Learning Technology in Teaching: A Research on Implementation of Technology at Islamic Educational Institutions in Indonesia
Authors: Ritonga Mahyudin , Hasibuan Kalijunjung , Ritonga Syaipuddin , . Julhadi
Published: October 2023

Technological developments become a challenge for education to continue to improve the quality of learning. Indonesian Islamic education must also respond and apply technology as an improvement in education and to prepare quality graduates. Therefore, this study aims to look at Islamic educational institutions in responding to technological developments in the current era. So this study used a quantitative design with a survey method with a total sample of 86 respondents from 86 different Islamic educational institutions. Samples were taken randomly using the technique cluster random sampling and convenience sampling. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics which describe the entirety of the respondents' answers. Based on the findings and analysis, two important aspects can be concluded, namely: 1) the use of technology in Islamic education is currently comprehensive, this is evidenced that the percentage of survey results shows above 80% of institutions have implemented technology in their institutions. Of course, this technology has been designed to improve students' abilities both from cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Not only that, 21st century capabilities are also involved in designing the applied technology, namely 4C, critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication. 2). The curriculum is also designed using existing technology, so that its application can make it easier for both teachers as instructors and students as learners. 80% of institutions have also implemented it. Another thing that became this finding, the institution also provides facilities for teachers to continue to improve their competence both in curriculum development and in the use of technology.
Methodology of Digital Transformation Practices of Accounting Firm
Authors: Li Shing Han , Liu Jenten , Huang Li Hua , Huang Chiting , Chi Chien
Published: October 2023

For accounting firms, digital auditing is an important task which helps them to examine financial data and ensure the accuracy of the data on the reports. However, which data analysis techniques should be adopted to improve the efficiency and accuracy of digital audit is an important issue. This study aims to explore the feasibility and practical applications of using data analytics techniques in digital auditing; These techniques can help auditors to systematically check, test and evaluate the accuracy, completeness, reliability and effectiveness of corporate information systems and data according to the systematic procedure. The DIKW model is a model that establishes a connection between knowledge and wisdom based on the framework of knowledge management, using the traditional concept of "data-information-knowledge-wisdom". This study will start from the theoretical level to explore the practical research of digital auditing combined with the DIKW model using data models, visualization analysis, machine learning, and related technical and practical problems. Effective solutions are proposed for each situation for future development. The implementation of this research is expected to help auditors choose appropriate data analysis techniques for digital auditing to ensure data accuracy and reliability.