bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Type 1 and Type 2: Literature Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Diagnosis of Other Type Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Rabbani Muhammad Afif , Dwiputri Adelya Rahma , Putri Ajeng Ayu , Difa Anak Agung Gede Agung , Madani Ayda Fitri , Ramadhani Dhea Asty , Maolidi Juan , Rizky Muhammad Ilham , Faranajhia Hagia , Zakiyyah Luthfi , Amatullah Tazkiyah Arafah , Susani Yoga Pamungkas
Published: January 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition that has been long known for its complexity, with type 1 and type 2 being the main focus on research and clinical practice for decades. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of other types of diabetes mellitus other than type 1 and type 2, focusing on recognizing the etiology, pathophysiology, and way of diagnosis for each type of unconventional diabetes mellitus. In addition, this review also includes the identification of risk factors that influence the development of the disease, potential complications, and disease prognosis to provide a comprehensive view of this condition, and finally, a preventive strategies that can be applied is also discussed. The literature search was performed using trusted databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar. The result of this literature review is that diagnosing other type of diabetes mellitus is still challenging, with most still require specific testing for precise diagnosis. Thus, understanding etiology and pathophysiology of this disease will aid in directing health practitioners on which specific testing is needed for patients.
Anatomical and Physiological Characteristics of Neonatal and Infant Skin: Effects on Immunity and Dermatitis Prevalence
Authors: Mario Andina Nabilah , Girsang Andrew Deardo Purba , Srigede Baiq Kayla , Hadiyati Fathmi , Pramudya I Nengah Andra Putra , Saraswati Ni Wayan Citra Ayu , Helmiana Putri Fatimah , Pramudia Prananda Rizki , Fildzani Qashrina Vania , Nurhidayati  , Tarigan Rizky Agung Fatahillah
Published: January 2025

The skin has an important role in protecting the human body. However, in infants, the skin has a structure and function that are not fully mature yet, making infants vulnerable to various skin disorders. This article aims to review the structure, function, and development of infant skin, as well as the common diseases that occur in infant skin, including the causes, pathophysiology, and management. A literature review was conducted using scientific articles related to these topics. The review results show that infant skin has a different structure compared to adult skin, and the maturation of its structure and function occurs gradually. Infant skin is protected by the microbiota and the primary immune system. Common skin diseases in infants, such as dermatitis, are caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, and involve the activation of skin cells, the release of mediators, and an immune response. A good understanding of the structure, function, and skin diseases of infants is very important for making the right diagnosis and management, so that the quality of life of infants can be maintained.
Effectiveness of Mangosteen Peel Extract Garcinia mangostana in Inhibiting Aeromonas hydrophila Bacteria
Authors: Muahiddah Nuri , Azhar Fariq , Rachmat Scabra Andre , Idris Affandi Rangga , Dwiyanti Septiana
Published: January 2025

The aquaculture sector is growing rapidly, but it faces various challenges, particularly concerning the health of fish and other aquatic organisms.This study aims to evaluate the potential of mangosteen peel extract as an antimicrobial agent against the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila. This bacterium is known as a pathogen in fish and can cause significant diseases in aquaculture. Mangosteen peel extract was chosen because it contains active compounds such as xanthones, which have been proven to have antimicrobial properties. The initial method involves extraction with methanol, followed by filtration and separation using an evaporator. The method used to determine the content of mangosteen peel extract is FTIR analysis. Next, the antibacterial activity of the crude mangosteen peel extract is tested. The antioxidant testing is based on the agar diffusion method. Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria are cultured at a tested LD50 density of 0.05 ml on a TSA plate medium, spread evenly across the entire agar surface with a glass stick. Paper discs with a diameter of 6 mm, previously dipped in crude mangosteen peel extract, are placed on different TSA media. The test is repeated three times (triplicate) to obtain the average inhibition zone (clear zone), then incubated at 29°C, and observations are made of the inhibition zone's development at the 24th hour. The inhibition zone of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana) against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria, measuring 0.2±0.0 cm (20 mm), falls into the category of very strong. This indicates that mangosteen peel has the potential to be used as an alternative immunostimulant in place of antibiotics for the control of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia.
Antioxidant Activity of Various Plant Extracts Assessed Using the ABTS Method
Authors: Radiartini Ni Nyoman , Andayani Yayuk
Published: January 2025

Free radicals are unpaired electrons, making them highly reactive and unstable, with the potential to damage body cells and trigger various diseases. To prevent the adverse effects caused by free radicals, the body requires protection from antioxidant compounds. Numerous studies have confirmed that certain types of plants possess antioxidant activity, tested using the ABTS method. This review article aims to identify plant extracts with antioxidant activity based on the ABTS method. The method used was a literature study, focusing on journal searches on the Google Scholar platform using relevant keywords and concentrating on publications from the past ten years. The review results indicate that extracts from different plant parts show varying levels of antioxidant activity, ranging from very strong to moderate, supported by different IC50 values.
Choledochal Cyst: Case Variations and Management
Authors: Girsang Andrew Deardo Purba , Fattahillah T Rizqy Agung , Nazilinly Fitri , Kamilah Nilam Nurmilatun , Pramudya I Nengah Andra Putra , Mario Andina Nabilah , Faqih Fauzan , Zuhan Arif
Published: January 2025

Choledochal Cyst (CC) is a congenital anomaly characterized by the dilation of intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic bile ducts. This condition can occur at any age but is more common in infants and children, accounting for 80% of cases. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, and optimal management options for choledochal cysts, accompanied by case variations. The method used in this study is a literature review, gathering relevant literature from various references focused on the topic of choledochal cysts. Literature searches were conducted using library search websites, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ProQuest, with the search keyword "Choledochal Cyst." The review indicates that choledochal cysts are more common in females and people of Asian descent, especially in Japan, with the most common symptoms presenting as the classic triad of abdominal pain, jaundice, and a palpable mass in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. This condition is more frequently diagnosed in children than in adults. Further research is needed to explore definite preventive efforts regarding this disease, as it is rare and its etiology remains uncertain.
Replacement of Soybean Meal Flour with Fermented Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaves Flour on Catfish (Clarias sp.) Feed
Authors: Yusup Maulid Wahid , Febri Haryanti1 Indri , Santoso Limin , Elisdiana Yeni , Susanti Oktora , Julian David , Kholiqul Amiin Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Clarias sp. represent one of the most prominent aquaculture commodities in Indonesia, but the challenge in catfish aquaculture is the production of feed because it is highly vulnerable to imports. Therefore, Moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaves are considered as an alternative raw material for vegetable protein source-based catfish feed to reduce soybean imports. This research was conducted to examine the use of different proportions of Moringa oleifera fermented leaf meal in feed as substitute for soybean meal on the performance catfish (Clarias sp.). This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three repetition of feed A as a control (0% of fermented moringa leaves flour), feed B (75% of soybean meal flour + 25% of fermented moringa leaves flour), feed C (50% of soybean meal flour + 50% of fermented moringa leaves flour), feed D (25% of soybean meal flour + 75% of fermented moringa leaves flour) and feed E (100% of fermented moringa leaves flour). Based on the data, the supplementation of fermented moringa meal with E feed had a significant increase in absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, feed conversion rate, protein retention and fat retention and a decrease in protein efficiency ratio. The fermented moringa leaves flour with the composition of 100% can be used in catfish feed as a substitution for soybean meal flour with an average absolute weight growth is 13,16±2,54 – 15,76±1,03 g.
The Effectiveness of Seed Biopriming with Mycorrhiza Fungi as an Effort to Improve the Quality of Germination and Curly Chili Production (Capsicum annum)
Authors: Meo Monika Moi , Bao Antonia P. , Demu Melkior
Published: January 2025

The biopriming technique is an alternative method to replace synthetic fungicides on chili seeds by applying a biological agent in the form of mycorrhizal fungi at the early seedling stage. Biological seed treatment can provide plant protection throughout its entire life cycle. This research aims to determine the chili varieties that provide the best growth and production response using the biopriming technique, the duration of seed soaking in the biopriming technique with mycorrhizae affecting the viability of chili seeds, and the interaction between the seed biopriming technique and curly chili varieties. The method used was experimental with a factorial design consisting of two factors: curly chili varieties (Tangguh F1 and MB-333 F1) and the duration of chili seed soaking (0, 24, 48, and 72 hours). The research results showed that the Tangguh F1 chili variety seeds with a 24-hour soaking treatment produced seeds with the most optimal germination rate, uniformity of growth, vigor index, plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, fruit length per plant, fruit diameter, and fruit weight per plant compared to all other treatments. The results of the variance analysis and significant difference test at the 5% significance level indicated that there were significant differences in germination rate, uniformity of growth, vigor index, plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, fruit length per plant, fruit diameter, and fruit weight per plant produced by the curly chili seeds given different soaking durations and chili varieties.
Effect of Guava Fruit Aqueous Extract on Haematological Profile of Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Rat
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia Nur , Lestari Mastuti Widi , Saputri Alip Desi Suyono , Berliana Adinda Aisyah , Fattany Davan Nur , Cahyaningrum Oktavia Fajar
Published: January 2025

Psidium guajava or guava have many potential value, including as antioxidant. Psidium guajava fruits have been reported that contain essential oil, flavonoid, polyphenol, ascorbic acid, dan tocopherol. This study aims to investigate weight gain and heamatological alteration as an effect from administration of red guava fruit extract in male wistar rats after carbon tetrachloride. This study was experimental design using male wistar rats as an experimental animals. The results of the study were red guava fruit aqueous extract can control weight gain in model animal, increasing of LYM, MCMC dan WBC. It indicated that Psidium guajava fruit is potentially be able to be used as an pharmaceutical product because of its antioxidant ability.
Colorectal Cancer: The Impact of Smoking and Alcohol on Risk in West Nusa Tenggara, Treatment, and Prevention
Authors: Syakir Syahda Aqila , Arif Zuhan
Published: January 2025

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. It results from complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, with smoking and alcohol consumption being significant contributors. This study focuses on the correlation between smoking and alcohol consumption with CRC incidence in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), a province in Indonesia known for its high smoking prevalence (32.79%) and alcohol consumption rate (1.6%). A literature review methodology was employed, systematically collecting data from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and ProQuest using keywords such as "colorectal cancer," "risk factors," "smoking," "alcohol," "management," and "prevention." A total of 35 articles published between 2007 and 2024 were analyzed to provide a comprehensive synthesis of CRC risk factors, management approaches, and prevention strategies. The findings reveal a strong association between smoking and CRC risk, particularly among middle-aged males, while alcohol amplifies the risk synergistically. Despite limited alcohol prevalence, its impact remains substantial. The study emphasizes the importance of targeted public health interventions in NTB, integrating lifestyle modification campaigns and routine screenings to mitigate CRC risks and improve health outcomes in high-risk communities.
Genetic Diversity of Bali Cattle Base on Two Microsatellite Loci - INRA032 and BM2113
Authors: Maskur Maskur , Rozi Tapaul , Rahmajan Rahmajan , Kasip Lalu , Muhsinin M.
Published: January 2025

Microsatellites are short tandem repeat (STR) sequences that consist of simple repeats and exhibit a high number of alleles at each genomic locus. The aim of this study was to examine genetic variation in Bali cattle and the population dynamics using microsatellite markers. Two microsatellite loci, INRA032 and BM2113 were amplified using PCR Total DNA samples from the genome of 60 Bali cattle, then The PCR products were analyzed through agarose gel electrophoresis, followed by staining with Ethidium Bromide (EtBr). The number and size of alleles that appeared on the gel, while the diversity and population dynamics were analyzed using Popgene version 1.31 and Gene Calc. In this study, The effective number of alleles for the two microsatellite loci in the Bali cattle population analyzed was 6.53, with an average of 3.27. The average PIC of the two microsatellite loci was 0.70, while the observed heterozygosity (Ho) exceeded the expected heterozygosity (He), with values of 0.975 and 0.695, respectively. This suggests an excess of heterozygosity in the population and indicates that the populations are not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The inbreeding coefficient was high, with negative Fis values of -0.38 for INRA032 and -0.43 for BM2113.
The Influence of Turmeric Powder (Curcuminoid) Levels in the Basal Diet on the Performance of Landrace Grower Phase Pigs
Authors: Djawapatty David , Due Maria Serviana , Kowe Maria Stefania Goo
Published: January 2025

The prospects for pig farming in Bajawa are very promising, in line with the economic growth and the development of business centers that directly or indirectly support the increase in demand for pork. Several methods can be employed to improve the productivity of pigs in the grower-finisher phase, one of which is through feed improvement by providing alternative ingredients that can enhance nutrient utilization, such as turmeric powder (curcuminoid) as a feed additive. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of turmeric powder (curcuminoid) supplementation at various levels in the basal diet on weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion to determine the optimal level of turmeric powder supplementation in the basal diet and to analyze the economic benefits of using turmeric powder as a natural feed additive. The method of this research is an experimental method where there are 4 treatments and 3 replications between pigs given feed with turmeric powder and pigs given feed without turmeric powder. The variables observed include feed consumption, weight gain, and feed conversion. The level of turmeric powder addition in the basal diet affects the weight gain of pigs and the feed conversion value. Treatment R4 (85% feed and 15% turmeric powder) is the most optimal treatment. The research also shows a significant difference in the weight gain results of the pigs among each treatment, and there is a positive relationship between feed conversion and the weight gain of the pigs with a strong correlation category.
Differences in the Influence of Driving Behavior on Pollution in Lombok Island
Authors: Suteja I Wayan , Hasyim Hasyim , Rohani Rohani , Sideman IAO Suwati , Mahendra Made , Sanusi Andi
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the effect of driving behavior on pollution on the island of Lombok. This study is a study with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to respondents who met the criteria as respondents. This equation contains positive and negative statements that aim for respondents to read the statements carefully and answer with their own perceptions. The questionnaire in this study uses a Likert scale of 1-5 in measuring respondent perceptions. This study shows that driving behavior on Lombok Island has a significant influence on air pollution levels, especially in urban areas such as Mataram which have high traffic density. This pollution is caused by aggressive driving behavior, such as sudden acceleration and sudden braking, as well as low vehicle maintenance that increases exhaust emissions such as CO, NOx, and PM2.5. The impact not only reduces air quality and damages the ecosystem, but also increases cases of respiratory diseases such as ARI and asthma. Science-based solutions, such as the use of environmentally friendly vehicles, development of public transportation, and energy-efficient driving education, need to be implemented to reduce pollution and maintain environmental sustainability in Lombok.
Relationship Between Body Mass Index, Duration of Diabetes Mellitus, and Physical Activity Degree with The Incidence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at Praya Hospital
Authors: Asary Teguh Mayadi , Effendi Raden Gunawan , Khairunnisai T.  , Adnyana I Gede Angga
Published: January 2025

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic condition that leads to complications and premature death worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy is a posterior segment anomaly and one of the most prevalent microvascular problems.  The purpose of this study is to examine the link between body mass index, diabetes duration, and level of physical activity with the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in Praya Regional Hospital's type 2 diabetes patients. This study employed a case control design and observational quantitative analytical research as its methodology. Purposive sampling is the method employed, and it involves questionnaire completion, interviews, and medical records. The data was analyzed using the Chi Square test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The study comprised 54 samples in each case and control group, for a total sample size of 108. Body mass index was substantially linked with the development of diabetic retinopathy (p=0.013). Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with diabetes duration (p-value = 0.001). The degree of physical activity had no significant association with the development of diabetic retinopathy (p-value = 0.823). At Praya Regional General Hospital, the incidence of diabetic retinopathy in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus is linked to body mass index and diabetes duration, but not to physical activity level.
Washing Test: with or without involvement of chloroform & aceton
Authors: Sedijani Prapti , Muhidayani RE Septi , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati , Sukarso AA
Published: January 2025

Chloroform and aceton are commonly used in washing test, while both are unfriendly to human health. This research is aimed to evaluate if those chemicals are really needed foe such purpose by seeing the washing power with or without those chemicals. There are four conditions of washing test: Involving both as usual (CA); chloroform only (C); chloroform and ethanol instead (CE); and None of both (OO). Washing test was carryout within a 0% and 1% of detergent. Two Way ANOVA Statistical analysis revealed that there was a very significant differences among the treatments, and Duncan analysis showed that with or without chloroform and aceton resulting in the same category of washing power, except the CE treatment resulted in a lower washing power. Hence there is a choice weather chloroform and aceton be involved in the procedure.
Capability of Ketip Banana (Musa paradisiaca Forma typiaca) Peel Ethanol Extract in Reducing Sperm Abnormality Number of Mice (Mus musculus) Following Tobacco Smoke Exposure
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Setiadi Dadi , Lestari Tri Ayu , Ilmi Muhamad Yazid Mizanul , Saputra Jagat
Published: January 2025

Antioxidants are important in maintaining body health as their ability in binding free radicals and remove cell damaging molecules from the body. Plant-based foods are the best source of antioxidants, may contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponin, polyphenols and tannins. Peel of fruits sometime just become a domestic trash and pollute the environment. One of tropical fruit which is contain secondary metabolite with antioxidant properties is Ketip banana. Peel of this fruit just left a trash of domestic pollutant whereas it could be transform to become a more valuable product. The aim of this research is to study the effect of ethanol extract of Ketip banana on sperm morphology. To address this goal we applied ethanol extract of Ketip banana on male mice orally using a gavage needle following tobacco smoke exposure. Data analysis showed that tobacco smoke exposure significantly increase sperm abnormality number, but ethanol extract of Ketip banana significantly reduce sperm abnormality number. It is concluded that ethanol extract of ketip banana capable in reducing sperm abnormality number by dosage dependent manner.
The Relationship of Mother's Age, Parity, and Abnormalities in Fetal Location with The Incidence of Premature Ruptur of Membranes in The Regional Public Hospital of North Lombok
Authors: Safa D. Jilan Haura , Shammakh Adib Ahmad , Karmila Dany , Setyobudi Irwan
Published: January 2025

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is one of the main causes of the high newborn mortality rates and maternal mortality rate (MMR), which continue to be significant global health challenges. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the occurrence of PROM at the North Lombok Regional Public Hospital and maternal age, parity, and fetal anomalies. This research uses a case-control study design and is an analytical observational study. Purposive sampling was utilized to choose the research sample, which included 186 people in total. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data and determine how the variables related to one another. According to the study's findings, 120 (64.5%) respondents were not at risk, while 66 (35.5%) were. Of the respondents, 131 (70.4%) had parity without risk, while 55 (29.5%) had parity at risk. Respondents with fetal abnormalities were 28 (15.1%) and 158 (84.9%) had normal fetuses. Age and the frequency of premature membrane rupture are related; the p-value is 0.022 and the OR is 2.145. With a p-value of 0.024 and an OR of 2,203, there is a correlation between parity and the frequency of premature membrane rupture. Premature rupture of the membranes and fetal abnormalities do not correlate, as indicated by the p-value of 0.538. The incidence of PROM is correlated with maternal age and parity, although there is no significant link between PROM and fetal abnormalities.
Relationship between Stress Level, Body Mass Index (BMI), and Smoking Behavior with Severity of Psoriasis at Hospital X in Central Lombok Region
Authors: Sajjad Fiqhan Syauki , Handayani Wendy , Mariam Lysa , Mulianingsih Wiwin
Published: January 2025

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease of the erythrosquamous dermatosis group, related to autoimmune, chronic and relapsing (recurring) nature influenced by genetic and environmental factors as its pathogenesis. Psoriasis cases are increasingly common, although psoriasis is not immediately life-threatening, it causes cosmetic disorders that greatly affect the quality of life of sufferers. This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels, Body Mass Index (BMI), and smoking behavior with the severity of psoriasis at Hospital X in Central Lombok. This study employs an observational analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. The data were examined univariately and bivariately. The study found a strong correlation between stress levels and psoriasis severity at Hospital X in Central Lombok (p = 0.002). There is a significant link between BMI and the severity of psoriasis at Hospital X in Central Lombok with a p value of 0.006. At Hospital X in Central Lombok, there is a substantial correlation (p value of 0.000) between smoking behavior and the severity of psoriasis.
Nutrient Deficiency Analysis on Maize Plant Morphology
Authors: Sumiati Sumiati , Aisyah Chofifawati  , Al Faroqi Nisa Amaliyah Rohmah
Published: January 2025

One of the factors that support plants to grow and develop optimally is the availability of sufficient and balanced nutrients and minerals. Providing nutrients that are unbalanced or not in accordance with plant needs will cause symptoms of nutrient deficiencies or nutrient deficiencies. The aims of this research are (1) To determine the symptoms of the morphological appearance of corn plants in the nutrient deficiency treatment, (2) To determine the most dominant morphological appearance of the corn plants in the nutrient deficiency treatment. The type of research used was an experiment using a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment given is the provision of nutrient solutions: complete, -Ca, -S, -Mg, -K, -N, -P, Fe, - Micronutrients and water. The planting media used are cocopeat, roasted husks and a simple hydroponic method (nutrient solution as a planting medium). The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and leaf width. The results of early indication of nutrient deficiency can be clearly observed in the color of the plant leaves. Leaf chlorosis is a symptom of nutrient deficiency in plants characterized by leaves that are initially green then changes color to yellow or pale. Changes in leaf color are caused by damage or malfunction of chlorophyll.
Morphological Identification of Balinese Caulerpa Seaweeds
Authors: Dewi Ni Kadek Emi Sintha , Wirawan I Gede Putu , Suada I Ketut
Published: January 2025

Bulung boni and bulung anggur are species of Caulerpa seaweeds commonly found along the coastline of Serangan Island, Bali. Although these species have been widely utilized in various ways, formal species identification of these two macroalgae in Bali had not been conducted prior to this study. This research aims to characterize the morphological structures of bulung boni and bulung anggur through detailed morphological examination. Identification keys and previous studies were used to assist in the morphological identification process. The findings revealed that bulung boni shares morphological characteristics with Caulerpa cylindracea, while bulung anggur is morphologically comparable to Caulerpa macrophysa. These results provide valuable insights into the species composition of seaweeds in the region and contribute to a better understanding of local biodiversity.
Conservation of Food, Medicinal and Dye Plants Based on Local Wisdom of the Gumantar Village Community, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency
Authors: Jupri Ahmad , Isrowati Isrowati , Wulandari Astri , Sagita Baiq Vira Emaliyana , Rahmatullah Dimas Rizky , Ariani Nurul Elda , Putri Baiq Ega Zulqaidah , Madany Lalu Riffadh , Uzma Saadatul
Published: January 2025

Conservation of food, medicinal and dye plants is an important aspect in protecting biodiversity and ensuring the continuity of natural resources that are important for human life. This research is important because it combines the local wisdom of the people of Gumantar Village, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency, in the conservation of food, medicinal and dye plants, which supports the sustainability of natural resources and local culture. This research aims to determine the types of medicinal, food and dye plants in Gumantar village and to find out how to use local plants as medicine, food and dye based on the local wisdom of the Gumantar village community. This research used a purposive sampling method, involving 10 people as representatives from each community in Gumantar Village. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews using a list of questions as a guide. In Gumantar village, various types of food crops are abundant, such as corn, rice, sweet potatoes, bananas, cocoa, sticky rice, coffee, peanuts, cashew nuts and coconut. Medicinal plants that are often used include turmeric, ginger, galangal, PKI leaves, cloves, citronella, lemongrass and lime. Natural coloring plants used include turmeric and suren bark.
Integration of Forestry Crops with Agricultural Crops Through Agroforestry Business Patterns in Central Lombok District
Authors: Husni Syarif , Wangiyana Wayan
Published: January 2025

Agroforestry can be successful if it can increase people's income while maintaining land productivity. Research objectives: 1). knowing the pattern of agroforestry farming in North Batukliang District, 2). analyzing income, business efficiency and rice-equivalent farmer income in various agroforestry farming patterns in North Batukliang District. a total of 43 people were determined by dividing members of the population into several subgroups called starta, then a sample was selected from each stratum using the Stratified Random Sampling method. The results of the research show: 1) There are two agroforestry farming patterns implemented by HKm farmers in North Batukliang District, Central Lombok Regency, namely Pattern I is dominated by MPTS (Multy Purpose Tree Species) crops and Pattern II is dominated by annual crops, 2) Farmer income in pattern I is dominated MPTS (Multy Purpose Tree Species) plants amounting to Rp. 9,133,036/ha/year and income of pattern II farmers dominated by annual crops of Rp. 6,995,800/ha/year, 3) Pattern I agroforestry farming efficiency level is 3.56 and Pattern II is 2.96, and 4) Income farmers measured in rice equivalent is 911.33 kg per year for Pattern I and Pattern II is 699.68 kg.
Size Distribution and Gonad Development of Female Green Press (Macrobrachium sp) in Togafo Village, West Ternate Di Sitrict Ternate City
Authors: Muin Nova , Serosero Rugaya H. , Abubakar Yuyun , Widiyanti Sri Endah , Sunarti Sunarti , Rina Rina
Published: January 2025

ln Togafo Village, West Ternate  District, is one of  the natural habitats for giant prawns (Macrobrachium Sp). However, in that area there are frequent catching which are not environmentally friendly by using potash so that the habitat is very disturbed by its development, even though the marpu produce giant prawns naturally well, this can be seen in the activity during fishing that too k place in Togafo Village river. The aim of this research was to determine the size distrubution and gonadal development of giant prawns prawns (Macrobrachium Sp). Sampling is done by hand and using a filter cach. Catching with hands is done by draining the water so that the shrimp can come out and to make it easier to catch. The 2 inch mesh size  filter fishing gear as a fishing aid was spread over tha water flow in Togafo Village at 2 stations. Stasion 1 is the middile of the in Togafo Waterway (border of Ave Taduma). And station 2 is in the middle of the water flow (the people’s plantation). The arrests were carried out for three months . Size distribution of the combined total length of giant prawn catches at station 1 and 2 in november ranfers from 4,4 -9,0 cm and weight rangers from 5-10 grams, in March the total length is 3,5- 8,4 cm and weight April 1-9 grams and the total  length rangers from 5,6 – 9,9 cm weighing 1-5g. Perken prawns that mature gonads at station 1 and  in November are III and IV, in March are III and April are III.
The Long-Horn Beetles (Family: Cerambycidae) in the Muhammad Sabki City Forest Area, Jambi City
Authors: Sakinah Audriella Nadine , Wulandari Tia , Putra Dhean Primanda , Suhanda Robet
Published: January 2025

Muhammad Sabki City Forest Park (THKMS) is generally used as an educational tourism area. Organisms that have not been identified in the THKMS area include longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae). Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) are a type of insect that in its larval phase lives on rotting wood that will dry out. Longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) are spread across several primary and secondary forests, to degraded forests, so that Cerambycidae can be used as environmental bioindicators. Collection of longhorn beetle samples (Cerambycidae) was carried out using purposive random sampling. Sampling was carried out in two utilization zones in the THKMS area, namely the moderate utilization zone and the low utilization zone. Longhorn beetle samples (Cerambycidae) were taken using the jackfruit branch trap method (Artocarpus trap) with 10 Artocarpus traps installed in each zone, and the determination of the trap location was carried out randomly. The result shows there are several species of longhorn beetles that are only found at certain stations. There are 8 species of longhorn beetles that can be found at both stations. The species that are only found at station 1 (low utilization zone) are 1 (Sybra sp.) and the species that are only found at station 2 (moderate utilization zone) are 3 species (Acalolepta rusticatrix, Acalolepta sp. and Pterolophia sp.3). Each genus has its own characteristics of morphology so that it can be distinguished based on morphological characters.
Butterfly Diversity on Tanjung Trees (Mimusops Elengi L.) in Community Yard Lands
Authors: Sumah Astrid Sri Wahyuni , Kusumadinata Ali Alamsyah
Published: January 2025

Butterfly diversity depends on land type, vegetation, and human intervention in the ecosystem. This is because butterflies are very sensitive and easily affected by ecological changes and variations in plant community structure. If there is a slight change in habitat, it can cause migration or extinction of butterflies. This study aims to determine the number of butterfly species diversity that visit tanjung trees (Mimusops elengi) in community yards. This study was conducted in community land on Jalan Tanjung Rawo, Bukit Lama sub-district, Ilir Barat 1 District, Palembang City. The location of the study was determined based on the exploratory method, namely insect sampling using insect nets. Based on the results of the study 25.11 individual butterflies were obtained consisting of 8 species and 2 families (Nymphalidae and Pieridae). The Pieridae family is the number of butterfly individuals most often found as many as 8.12 individuals of Appias lyncida butterflies, and the least found is Leptosia nina (0.23 individuals) which also comes from the same family. The diversity index (1.64), and the evenness index (0.788) are included in the moderate category. In addition, 10 types of plants were also found in the community's yard that support the diversity of butterflies at that location. The number of species found in the morning, afternoon, and evening did not differ much, so that the similarity of visiting species reached 87.5%. This is related to the behavior of visiting butterfly species, also related to the morphology of flowers and hidden pollen. The results of this study are expected to provide the latest information regarding the diversity of butterflies that are active in community yards with almost the same types of plants in each community yard.
The Effect of The Application of Organic Agriculture on Horticultural Crops In Banjarbaru
Authors: Saputra Muhammad Hizrian Fauzan , Rizali Akhmad , Abbas Saipul
Published: January 2025

Climate change has posed a major challenge to the agricultural sector, which plays an important role in meeting global food needs. In Indonesia, conventional agricultural practices dominated by the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides have a negative impact on the environment, such as water, soil, and air pollution, as well as decreasing the quality of the ecosystem. Therefore, the transition to sustainable agricultural systems is an urgent need to maintain ecosystem sustainability. This study uses a mixed method approach by combining quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. The study was conducted in Banjarbaru to analyze the agricultural practices applied by local farmers. The findings show that the majority of farmers use semi-organic and non-organic methods in the use of fertilizers and pesticides. However, farmers admit that organic products have quality advantages and positive impacts on the environment. Based on the findings, the study provides several recommendations to support the adoption of organic farming, including training and education for farmers, subsidies for organic farming inputs, technical support, infrastructure development by the government, and increased market access for organic products. The recommendations aim to encourage the widespread and sustainable application of organic farming practices, so that they can overcome environmental challenges and improve the sustainability of the agricultural sector.
Diversity of Seagrass in Sire Beach, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Nurbayanti Elya Sri , Naura Diah Ayu , Aprilliyanti Dini Aziza , Ismayani Ismayani , Adhawati Laela , Auliya Lana , Apriliani Lilik Ayu , Prayoghi M. Satrio , Arizmayadi M. Yusran , Chandri Dining Aidil , Ghazali Mursal
Published: January 2025

Seagrass ecosystems are vital for marine biodiversity, carbon storage, and coastal protection but face threats from human activities and environmental changes. This study examines seagrass diversity, distribution, and ecological conditions at Sire Beach, North Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Research conducted from October to December 2024 used transect-quadrat and exploratory methods at three stations. In addition to biotic elements like seagrass species, abiotic variables including temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen were simultaneously examined. Eight seagrass species were identified: Halodule pinifolia, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, Thalassia hemprichii, Halophila ovalis, Enhalus acoroides, and Halodule uninervis. Enhalus acoroides dominated due to its adaptability and robust root systems. Diversity (H’=1.66), dominance (0.499), and evenness (0.798) indices indicate moderate biodiversity and balanced species distribution. Abiotic factors, including temperature (29–30.5°C) and pH (7.14–7.60), were optimal, though nutrient levels (phosphate 0.10–0.15 mg/L, ammonia 0.02–0.03 mg/L) could affect photosynthesis. Sire Beach's seagrass ecosystem is moderately diverse and stable but affected by anthropogenic pressures. Conservation measures and long-term monitoring are recommended to sustain this critical habitat.
Analysis of Elephant-Human Conflict and Community Perceptions Around Conservation Areas on The Island of Sumatra: A Literature Review
Authors: Magdalena Ellen Sukma Mega , Suciani Tanti , Wakhidah Anisatu Z.
Published: January 2025

The world's elephant population is experiencing a significant decline and is a serious concern in conservation efforts. Conflicts between elephants and humans are becoming an increasingly widespread problem, especially on the island of Sumatra. This study aims to assess people's perceptions of elephant conflicts, the impacts and the education needed to increase public awareness of the importance of elephants. Through the literature study method, it is known that people's perception of elephant conflict tends to be negative, most people have the perception that elephants are crop pests and must be destroyed. The impact of conflicts between elephants and humans such as damage to agricultural land, death of elephants and humans, and damage to infrastructure. To realize a solution to this conflict, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive educational counseling to the community, such as the implementation of a moratorium on concession licensing, forest enrichment, the formation of effective patrol teams, technological support in monitoring forest changes, and socialization to surrounding communities about elephants. Collaboration between the government, communities, and non-governmental organizations will be beneficial in addressing human-elephant conflicts. With these efforts, it is hoped that disputes between elephants and humans can be minimized and the increasingly threatened elephant population will be maintained and sustainable.
Heavy Metal of Cd Content in Tilapia Fish from Rawa Taliwang Lake, West Sumbawa Regency
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Yamin M. , Kusmiyati Kusmiyati
Published: January 2025

The main objective of this research is: To obtain levels of the metal Cadmium (Cd) in the tissues of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) caught from Lake Rawa Taliwang. The special benefit is to prevent humans from eating fish contaminated with Cd heavy metal. Research has been carried out on water bodies in Rawa Taliwang Lake. There are 2 research stations, namely in the eastern and western parts of the lake. Traps (Bubu) are used to catch fish as research samples. There were samples of 6 Mujair fish taken at each station. Next, the tilapia fish sample is placed in a plastic sample and then placed in the sample box. The tilapia fish samples were then destroyed in the UNRAM analytical laboratory, then analyzed for Cd content at the DLHK NTB Environmental Laboratory. Mujair fish muscle tissue was taken and then analyzed for Cadmium (Cd) metal content using an AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) tool. Concentrated HNO3 and HClO4 solutions are added to measure this heavy metal, then heated so that the solution becomes clear at a temperature range of 60-70ºC for 2-3 hours.  Next, the sample solution can be measured using AAS which utilizes an air-acetylene flame. The conclusion of this research was to find that the heavy metal content Cadmium (Cd) in the tissues of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) taken from the waters of Lake Rawa Taliwang was 0.13 mg/kg (ppm).
Case Report: Effect of Ajwa Dates Consumption on LDL Levels in Perimenopausal Women
Authors: Hamsah M. , Irwan Irwan , Mappaware Nasrudin Andi , Zulfamidah Zulfamidah , Royani Ida , Bulango Nursanti
Published: January 2025

During perimenopause, there can be a decrease in estrogen production, which indicates the end of a woman’s reproductive years. The production of the hormone estrogen that continues to decrease will cause hypercholesterolemia. Decrease in LDL cholesterol levels can be increased by giving antioxidant properties, which are rich in vitamin C and contain flavanoids and phenolics that function as antioxidants. The method used in this study is Literature Review with Design Narrative Review. The result from the literature it was found the effect of giving ajwa dates (Phoenix Dactylifera L) before and after administration showed a change, namely a decrease in LDL levels after giving ajwa dates. This is because ajwa dates contain flavanoids, phenolics, and plant sterols that function as antioxidant that can prevent the formation of lipid peroxidation. The conclusion based on the results of the literature review, it can be concluded that giving ajwa dates to perimenopause women decreased LDL levels where ajwa dates have antioxidant functions to prevent lipid peroxidation to reduce LDL. The suggestion from the study is necessary to conduct further research on the effect of consumption of ajwa dates on LDL levels in perimenopause women using experimental methods of pretest and posttest design.
Microscopic Examination of Acid-Resistant Bacils in Closed Contacts of Patients With Tuberculosis in The Working Area Of The UPTD Puskesmas Cilegon
Authors: Rahayu Ayu Puji , Silviani Yusianti
Published: January 2025

Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The transmission of pulmonary TB occurs by the emission of droplets who are positive for the disease. Attempts were undertaken to examine interactions between cadres and the community. The patient's close contacts underwent microscopic inspection utilising the Ziehl Neelsen staining procedure. Between 2023 and October, a total of 360 cases of tuberculosis will be investigated using the ZN painting method. Among the close contacts of the 72 patients, 20% (6 individuals) will be identified as having tuberculosis. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of BTA microscopic examination conducted on close household contacts within the operating region of UPTD Puskesmas Cilegon in 2024. The research method employed a descriptive observational approach with a cross-sectional design. The study was carried out from 1 February to 9 March 2024 at the UPTD Puskesmas Cilegon. The sample technique employed is purposive sampling. The study findings revealed that out of the total number of respondents, 32 individuals reported having direct contact with individuals affected by tuberculosis. Among these respondents, 13 (40.6%) were male and 19 (59.4%) were female. Out of the 32 individuals who had close contact, one respondent (3.3%) tested positive for BTA when microscopic inspection was conducted. The proximity to the afflicted individual directly correlates with the heightened likelihood of transmission. Proximity between those who are infected and their close contacts can lead to the transmission of the infection, even when sharing the same sleeping space.
Systematic Review: Cytotoxicity Test of Bioactive Compounds of Asteraceae Family Plant Extracts on HeLa Cell Line
Authors: Yanti Windi Nofri , Hulrahma Mifta , Aprilia Kharisma Annisa , Roza Amelia , Ilham Kurniadi , Maliza Rita
Published: January 2025

HeLa cancer cells are cervical cancer cells due to Human Papillomavirus (HPV 18) infection and thus have different properties from normal cervical cells. In recent decades, the number of plant species used in alternative medicine for cervical cancer-related purposes has increased. This systematic review aims to facilitate the review of the potential bioactive compounds of plant medicines and analyze how medicinal plants affect cancer cells. Scientific related questions, databases to be used, selection of keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria, definition of results and conclusions of selected articles are all elements included in this research search strategy. Eight articles met the inclusion criteria and examined plant-derived compounds for their toxicity to HeLa cell lines. The bioactive compounds of this plant inhibit the growth of cancer cells.