bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un manuscrit perdut: el «Breviari d’amor» català de la Biblioteca del Palau
Authors: Capdevila Arrizabalaga Irene
Published: September 2019

Among the lost manuscripts of the Library of the Palau Reial Menor in Barcelona, there was a volume containing the Catalan translation of Matfre Ermengaud’s Breviari d’amor and Anselm Turmeda’s Llibre dels bons amonestaments. Although this manuscript cannot be currently examined, two secondary sources remain. The aim of this paper is to offer the palaeographic transcription and the edition
of Emengaut’s fragment, accompanied by a comparative study regarding the other manuscripts of the Catalan tradition. The Palau witnes manuscript is essential to understand the diffusion of this encyclopaedic work as it is the earliest dated Breviari. - Keywords Matfre Ermengaut; Breviari d’amor; Anselm Turmeda; Library of the Palau Reial Menor; Manuscripts; Medieval Catalan Translations.
探研水利工程建设管理创新思路分析
Authors: 杨 志波
Published: September 2019

在市场经济快速发展的背景下，我国水利行业有了很大的革新和发展，水利工程的建设和管理也成为行业发展所关注的焦点，水利工程的管理直接关系着我国国民经济水平的提升。水利工程项目的安全性以及管理效率也成为重要管理要素。但是现阶段水利工程在建设和管理中存在诸多问题，极大的影响了水利工程项目的开展，通过新技术的引入，及时解决水利工程建设管理存在的问题，利用相关创新思路的引入，有效解决工程施工问题，确保工程整体建设质量。对此，首先进行水利工程建设管理内容的分析，其次进行相关管理问题的阐述，最后进行创新思路的进一步研究。
引江济淮工程移民安置设计变更处理思路探析
Authors: 陈 小海 , 魏 军亮
Published: September 2019

文章根据目前引江济淮工程（安徽段）建设征地移民安置设计变更缺少管理办法的实际，分析了制定变更管理办法的必要性，对变更的界定及分类、处理程序、各方职责进行了研究，并就下步有效的开展引江济淮工程移民安置设计变更提出了措施建议。
非开挖定向钻孔牵引穿越技术在小型水库坝塘中的应用
Authors: 李 学琼
Published: September 2019

南边坝水库高涵重建工程传统施工方案为：拆除高涵轴线上周边12m范围内的上游小块护坡、坝顶防浪墙及下游坝坡草皮护坡；开挖大坝坝体；铺设安装新的DN300mm输水钢管；夯压回填坝体；恢复损毁的上游小块护坡、坝顶防浪墙及下游坝坡草皮护坡，该方案需工程投资约40万元。通过采用非开挖定向钻孔牵引穿越技术，不但节约了施工时间，而且以上传统施工方案的工程量都可以不发生，只需约11万元的工程投资。通过该项目的实施，探讨非开挖定向钻孔牵引穿越技术在小型水库、坝塘中的应用。
关于配网抢修在泛在电力物联方面的应用探索
Authors: 高 俊彦
Published: September 2019

针对传统配网调度指挥存在等故障感知缺失、指挥处理效率低、现场协同难等短板，文中从多源感知、智能研判、流程化处置、业务智能推送、网络下令等多方面介绍福建供电公司配网抢修在泛在电力物联网下的应用探索。
液压升降坝的选择及应用技术初探
Authors: 李 伟锋
Published: September 2019

液压升降坝的出现实现了对传统活动坝的突破，在当前的水利工程中得到了广泛的应用。基于此，文章在明确液压升降坝基本内容的基础上，结合栾川县石庙镇液压坝工程设计，将其与钢坝和橡胶坝进行对比，强调了液压升降坝的优先选择地位。同时，以工作原理、结构、控制形式为切入点，阐述了液压升降坝中应用的技术。
电厂仪表自动化的校验及其智能化管理浅析
Authors: 张 红生
Published: September 2019

在科学技术迅猛发展的带动下，促进了各个行业的稳定发展，而电厂仪表的自动化是科技发展的产物，将其切实的运用到电厂的经营生产环节之中，对于企业生产效益的提升会起到积极的促进作用，更好的增强了电厂机组的运行稳定性。在这个趋势下，电厂仪表自动化受到了人们的广泛喜爱，并且被大范围的加以使用，有效的促进了整个电力行业的健康稳定的发展，这篇文章主要围绕电厂仪表自动化的校验及其智能化管理展开深入的分析研究，希望对整个电力行业的进步有所助益。
水利工程造价在设计阶段的控制与管理研究
Authors: 徐 焱
Published: September 2019

文章对水利工程造价在设计阶段的控制与管理进行了分析，明确了水利工程造价的概算原则，并提出了造价在工程设计阶段的具体控制与管理措施，对水利工程实施了多层面、多角度的造价估算、预算与概算管理，希望为关注此话题的人提供有效的参考。
输电线路工程机械化施工措施差异化研究
Authors: 董 明 , 王 佳楠 , 苏 震
Published: September 2019

输电线路是电网工程建设的重要组成部分，不同外部环境下的输电线施工措施和费用构成直接影响到电网工程的效率和经济性。文章详细调研了典型输电线路全过程机械化施工流程、费用列支等情况，全面分析了不同外部环境下机械化施工措施的差异性和选择依据。在此基础上，以典型机械化施工输电线路工程为背景，结合其工程特征，对机械化施工的机械化率和施工费用进行分析，并与采用非机械化施工方式进行比较，验证输电线路工程机械化施工的有效性与经济性。
lanning and Evaluation of Bioequivalence Studies of Telmisartan Generic Drug Products
Authors: Khokhlov A. L. , Romodanovsky D. P. , Miroshnikov A. E.
Published: September 2019

Introduction. Telmisartan is a modern antihypertensive drug, from the group of angiotensin II receptor antagonists, which, recently, has been the purpose of the development and registration of generic drug. The pharmaceutical development of telmisartan generics and their evaluation in bioequivalence studies is complicated by many factors that influence the results of comparison with the reference drug. Therefore, it is relevant to study these factors for the proper planning of studies and for evaluating their results from the generic drugs of telmisartan.

Aim. The aim of the study is to identify the key factors that should be considered in planning and evaluation of bioequivalence studies of telmisartan’s generics.

Materials and methods. To identify the key factors influencing the planning and evaluation of studies of telmisartan generics, a retrospective analysis of the results of seven telmisartan studies was conducted. Calculated pharmacokinetic parameters Cmax, AUC0-t, tmax; their average values; the values of intraindividual variability for each study and the average of the coefficients of intraindividual variability obtained.

Results and discussion. The results of the study demonstrated that the drugs of telmisartan are highly variable, there are sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of telmisartan. According to the averaged values of the concentrations and pharmacokinetic profiles of telmisartan, the following areas were determined: the area of maximum exposure of telmisartan, the duration and schedule of blood sampling, to obtain the optimal pharmacokinetic profile. The most optimal method for the determination of telmisartan is HPLC MS/MS with a lower limit of quantification in the range of 0.5–3 ng/ml. The upper limit of the 90% confidence interval was calculated for the pooled average of the coefficients of intraindividual variability obtained in the considered studies.

Conclusion. Recommendations were developed for planning and evaluating bioequivalence studies of generic telmisartan preparations. It is necessary to plan bioequivalence studies with replicated design in three or four periods, with two crossovers, with two sequences of drug intake. To assess the pharmacokinetics of telmisartan one should use the data on its exposure given in the article. When determining the sample size, one should be guided by the upper limit of the confidence interval of the averaged values of the coefficient of intra-individual variability Cmax of telmisartan (45%). Evaluation of results should be carried out taking into account the possibility of scaling bioequivalence limits for the Cmax. The bioequivalence limit for the AUC0-t parameter should remain in the range of 80.00–125.00%, as well as the ratio of geometric means for both parameters.
Perícia técnica em residência, localizada na cidade de nova módica – minas gerais: estudo de caso
Authors: Malaquias Fabrícia Souza Miranda , Colares Rodrigo Silva , Salomão Pedro Emílio Amador
Published: September 2019

Existem diversos acidentes que ocorrem devido à falta de uma inspeção detalhada, à falta de um laudo técnico circunstanciado. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa em foco objetiva realizar uma perícia técnica na área de engenharia num município de Nova Módica/MG por meio de um estudo de caso. De tal modo, no decorrer da pesquisa serão traçadas reflexões sobre a importância dos laudos e perícia judiciais na área da engenharia, considerações a respeito de sua elaboração e ainda algumas das possíveis patologias encontradas nas edificações, as quais causam danos às estruturas. Profissionais habilitados a elaborar um laudo técnico precisam ser constantemente capacitados e treinados para avaliar o local, o tipo de dano ou anomalia acarretado na estrutura, haja vista tratar-se de um documento de suma importância para a área da engenharia. Todavia, a ausência de vistorias, de uma inspeção detalhada tende a causar diversos acidentes e patologias às edificações. Para discutir a temática em foco o estudo tem como base autores e artigos conhecidos, com a finalidade de auxiliar a compreensão do problema traçado e dos objetivos propostos realizado por meio de um estudo bibliográfico de caráter descrito e qualitativo, com o intuito de estudar as informações e seus conceitos e/ou definições bem como suas aplicações, destacando a importância do perito em engenharia civil para atuar em casos que envolvem processos associados às patologias nas construções.
A importância da Educação Física no ensino médio integrado: concepção docente no IFCE Campus Canindé
Authors: Marcolino Francisca Samara , Lima Patrícia Ribeiro Feitosa
Published: September 2019

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções docentes quanto à importância que atribuem à disciplina de Educação Física para os alunos do ensino médio integrado do IFCE, campus Canindé. A investigação se constitui a partir de um recorte da dissertação de mestrado desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (PROFEPT). Caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com três docentes que atuam no ensino médio integrado na referida instituição. Os resultados mostram que os professores consideram a Educação Física importante no desenvolvimento global do aluno, através da percepção e consciência corporal, bem como da relação que se estabelece em sociedade, ao se posicionar perante as influências midiáticas apresentadas sobre o padrão corporal nem sempre condizentes com a vida saudável. Foram pontuadas ainda que as contribuições da disciplina atendem os alunos na promoção de um estilo de vida ativo e saudável, havendo ainda a possibilidade de atuação profissional futura relacionada a área da Educação Física. Diante disso, considera-se importante de se fortalecer a visão pedagógica do docente no sentido de refletir as condições de trabalho e as formas pelas quais o corpo, as práticas corporais e o esporte são utilizados como instrumentos para a efetivação das relações de poder e exploração, haja a vista que o ensino médio integrado tem como premissa a formação crítica do sujeito perante as estruturas sociais.
Avaliação da aprendizagem de conceitos astronômicos no ensino fundamental
Authors: Poffo Roberta Izabella de Moraes e , Voelzke Marcos Rincon , Macêdo Josué Antunes de
Published: September 2019

A proposta curricular do estado de São Paulo (Brasil), na disciplina de ciências, sugere conteúdos relacionados à astronomia no ensino fundamental. Em uma escola pública estadual de Santo André, realizou-se um levantamento do conhecimento prévio de três turmas do sexto ano do ensino Fundamental. Somente 19,0% dos alunos atingiram a nota mínima satisfatória. No mesmo ano os conteúdos foram abordados com diferentes estratégias de ensino. Em uma turma utilizou-se aulas expositivas com auxílio de recursos audiovisuais, em outra, aulas expositivas dialogadas e na terceira turma, pesquisas em livros didáticos, elaboradas utilizando instrumentos e signos de acordo o desenvolvimento intelectual proposto por Vygotsky. Utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de caso para investigar e analisar o rendimento dos alunos e análise de variância (ANOVA) para testar qual estratégia aplicada foi mais eficiente. Após a abordagem observou-se que houve uma melhora no desempenho dos alunos, no entanto a diferença estatística entre as três estratégias não foi significativa. Através desse estudo torna-se possível realizar análises de aprendizagem e de estratégias de ensino para melhorar o ensino de astronomia na disciplina de ciências.
Building 21-Century Indonesian Teachers’ Teaching Capacities through the Integration of Technology into Classrooms
Authors: Ginting Dan
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to present an empirical sketch on the implementation of the IMOOC (Indonesian Massive Open Online Course). This online program sought to raise teachers’ awareness of the importance of technology for teaching while at the same time promoting their teaching skills in using technology for learning. The samples of this study included thirty-seven pre and in-service English teachers. This study found the IMOOC served as a reliable online instruction promoting essential aspects of 21-century education such as critical thinking, collaborative, creative and innovative learning, self-reliance, and individualized learning.
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Necroptosis of Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Can Be Prevented by Inhibition of Endothelin Receptors
Authors: ABDUL Y. , WARD R. , DONG G. , ERGUL A.
Published: September 2019

Over activation of the endothelin-1 (ET-1) system in disease states contributes to endothelial dysfunction. On the other hand, ET-1 promotes proliferation and survival of endothelial cells. Regulation of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways is critical for cell survival. Recently discovered necroptosis (regulated necrosis) is a pathological PCD mechanism mediated by the activation of toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), which also happens to stimulate ET-1 production in dendritic cells. To establish the effect of ET-1 on PCD and survival of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) under control and inflammatory conditions, BMVECs were treated with ET-1 (10 nM, 100 nM and 1 µM) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng/ml). ET receptors were blocked with bosentan (10 µM). Under normal growth conditions, exogenous ET-1 reduced BMVEC viability and migration at a relatively high concentration (1 µM). This was accompanied with activation of necroptosis and apoptosis marker genes. LPS decreased endogenous ET-1 secretion, increased ETB receptor expression and activated necroptosis. Even though ET-1 levels were low (less than 10 nM levels used under normal growth conditions), blocking of ET receptors with bosentan inhibited the necroptosis pathway and improved the cell migration ability of BMVECs, suggesting that under inflammatory conditions, ET-1 activates PCD pathways in BMVECs even at physiological levels.
SPR Biosensor for Quantification of Fetuin-A as a Promising Multibiomarker
Authors: RIEDELOVÁ Z. , MÁJEK P. , PEČÁNKOVÁ K. , KUČEROVÁ J. , SURMAN F. , DE LOS SANTOS PEREIRA A. , RIEDEL T.
Published: September 2019

Early diagnosis of ongoing malignant disease is crucial to improve survival rate and life quality of the patients and requires sensitive detection of specific biomarkers e.g. prostate-specific antigen (PSA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), etc. In spite of current technological advances, malignant diseases are still identified in rather late stages, which have detrimental effect on the prognosis and treatment of the disease. Here, we present a biosensor able to detect fetuin-A, a potential multibiomarker. The biosensing platform is based on polymer brush combining antifouling monomer units of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and carboxybetaine methacrylamide (CBMAA), statistically copolymerized by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The copolymer poly(HPMA-co-CBMAA) exhibits excellent non-fouling properties in the most relevant biological media (i.e. blood plasma) as well as antithrombogenic surface properties by preventing the adhesion of blood components (i.e. leukocytes; platelets; and erythrocytes). Moreover, the polymer brush can be easily functionalized with biorecognition elements maintaining high resistance to blood fouling and the binding capacity can be regulated by tuning the ratio between CBMAA and HPMA units. The superior antifouling properties of the copolymer even after biofunctionalization were exploited to fabricate a new plasmonic biosensor for the analysis of fetuin-A in real clinical blood plasma samples. The assay used in this work can be explored as label-free affinity biosensor for diagnostics of different biomarkers in real clinical plasma samples and to shift the early biomarker detection toward novel biosensor technologies allowing point of care analysis.
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Anjani Ayu
Published: September 2019

Abstract: This study aims to examine the effect of competence and work motivation on employee performance. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method. The population in this study was employees of the marketing department of PT. Lambang Putra Perkasa Motor Cirebon with a total of 45 people. The sampling technique uses saturated samples so that all employees are sampled in this study. The technique of drawing data using a questionnaire and data analysis used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence between the variables of competence and motivation on employee performance Keyword: Competency; Motivation; Employee Performance Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kompetensi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meotde penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan bagian marketing PT. Lambang Putra Perkasa Motor Cirebon dengan jumlah 45 orang. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh, sehingga seluruh anggota populasi dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Teknik penarikan data menggunakan kuesioner dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara variabel kompetensi dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kata Kunci : Kompetensi; Motivasi; Kinerja Karyawan
Evaluation of the Risks of Contaminating Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed with High Erucic Rapeseed and Identification of Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Warner Douglas J. , Lewis Kathleen A.
Published: September 2019

High erucic acid rapeseed (HEAR) oil is under increasing demand for various industrial applications. However, many growers are concerned that if they grow the crop, they will not be able to revert to other rapeseed varieties in the future due to the risk of erucic acid (EA) contamination of the harvested seed and inability to maintain acceptable erucic acid thresholds. This review considered published literature and, using the same criteria as that used to contain transgenic crops, aimed to identify the key risks of erucic acid contamination, broadly prioritise them and identify pragmatic mitigation options. Oilseed rape has a number of traits that increase the risk of low erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) crops being contaminated with EA from HEAR varieties. The quantity of seed produced and the potential for seed dormancy coupled with partial autogamy (self-fertilisation) facilitate the establishment and persistence of volunteer and feral populations. The large quantities of pollen produced when the crop is in flower mean there is also a high potential for cross-pollination. Self-sown volunteer plants represent the highest potential contamination risk, followed by the presence of arable weeds (e.g., wild mustard) whose seeds are also high in EA. Other risks arise from the cross-pollination of compatible wild relatives and the mixing of seed prior to sowing. It is important that both HEAR and LEAR varieties are appropriately managed since risks and their potential for mitigation arise throughout the entire LEAR crop production process. The length of rotation, type of tillage, cultivar choice, buffer zones, effective weed management and basic machinery hygiene are all factors that can reduce the risk of erucic acid contamination of LEAR crops and maintain the required thresholds.
Correction: Royo-Esnal, A. and Valencia-Gredilla, F. Camelina as a Rotation Crop for Weed Control in Organic Farming in a Semiarid Mediterranean Climate. Agriculture 2018, 8(10), 156
Authors: Royo-Esnal Aritz , Valencia-Gredilla Francisco
Published: September 2019

The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...]
Single-Molecule Long-Read Sequencing of Avocado Generates Microsatellite Markers for Analyzing the Genetic Diversity in Avocado Germplasm
Authors: Ge Yu , Zang Xiaoping , Tan Lin , Wang Jiashui , Liu Yuanzheng , Li Yanxia , Wang Nan , Chen Di , Zhan Rulin , Ma Weihong
Published: September 2019

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is an important fruit crop commercially grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite the importance of avocado, there is relatively little available genomic information regarding this fruit species. In this study, we functionally annotated the full-length avocado transcriptome sequence based on single-molecule real-time sequencing technology, and predicted the coding sequences (CDSs), transcription factors (TFs), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) sequences. Moreover, 76,777 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci detected among the 42,096 SSR-containing transcript sequences were used to develop 149,733 expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSR markers. A subset of 100 EST-SSR markers was randomly chosen for an analysis that detected 15 polymorphicEST-SSR markers, with an average polymorphism information content of 0.45. These 15markers were able to clearly and effectively characterize46 avocado accessions based on geographical origin. In summary, our study is the first to generate a full-length transcriptome sequence and develop and analyze a set of EST-SSR markers in avocado. The application of third-generation sequencing techniques for developing SSR markers is a potentially powerful tool for genetic studies.
Assessment of Farmers’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Ozturk Yasin , Celik Senol , Sahin Emre , Acik Mehmet Nuri , Cetinkaya Burhan
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to determine knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of farmers dealing with animal husbandry in eastern Turkey with regard to antibiotic knowledge, use, and resistance. A face to face questionnaire survey, consisting of five sections with 42 questions in total, was applied to 360 farmers located in the region. The questions in the first and fifth sections were closed-ended while those in other sections were prepared using the Likert scale. It was determined that knowledge of the farmers about antibiotic use, duration, storage, and resistance was well below desired levels. This was particularly remarkable in the participants with a low level of education, living in rural areas, and those at 48 years of age or over. In contrast, younger and highly educated participants living in urban areas were more knowledgeable about antibiotic use and they were well aware of the fact that resistance might pose a great risk for public health. Providing appropriate antibiotic use in animals through systematic training of livestock farmers is crucial in tackling the resistance problem.
Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits Contain an Atypical Peroxisomal Catalase That Is Modulated by Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Marta , González-Gordo Salvador , Cañas Amanda , Campos María Jesús , Paradela Alberto , Corpas Francisco J. , Palma José M.
Published: September 2019

During the ripening of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits, in a genetically controlled scenario, enormous metabolic changes occur that affect the physiology of most cell compartments. Peroxisomal catalase gene expression decreases after pepper fruit ripening, while the enzyme is also susceptible to undergo post-translational modifications (nitration, S-nitrosation, and oxidation) promoted by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Unlike most plant catalases, the pepper fruit enzyme acts as a homodimer, with an atypical native molecular mass of 125 to 135 kDa and an isoelectric point of 7.4, which is higher than that of most plant catalases. These data suggest that ROS/RNS could be essential to modulate the role of catalase in maintaining basic cellular peroxisomal functions during pepper fruit ripening when nitro-oxidative stress occurs. Using catalase from bovine liver as a model and biotin-switch labeling, in-gel trypsin digestion, and nanoliquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, it was found that Cys377 from the bovine enzyme could potentially undergo S-nitrosation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cysteine residue from catalase that can be post-translationally modified by S-nitrosation, which makes it especially important to find the target points where the enzyme can be modulated under either physiological or adverse conditions.
Development of a Convolution-Based Multi-Directional and Parallel Ant Colony Algorithm Considering a Network with Dynamic Topology Changes
Authors: Oh Eunseo , Lee Hyunsoo
Published: September 2019

While network path generation has been one of the representative Non-deterministic Polynomial-time (NP)-hard problems, changes of network topology invalidate the effectiveness of the existing metaheuristic algorithms. This research proposes a new and efficient path generation framework that considers dynamic topology changes in a complex network. In order to overcome this issue, Multi-directional and Parallel Ant Colony Optimization (MPACO) is proposed. Ant agents are divided into several groups and start at different positions in parallel. Then, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)-based pheromone update method makes the algorithm more efficient. While the proposed MPACO algorithm is more efficient than the existing ACO algorithm, it is limited in a network with topological changes. In order to overcome the issue, the MPACO algorithm is modified to the Convolution MPACO (CMPACO) algorithm. The proposed algorithm uses the pheromone convolution method using a discrete Gaussian distribution. The proposed pheromone updating method enables the generation of a more efficient network path with comparatively less influence from topological network changes. In order to show the effectiveness of CMPACO, numerical networks considering static and dynamic conditions are tested and compared. The proposed CMPACO algorithm is considered a new and efficient parallel metaheuristic method to consider a complex network with topological changes.
A Real-Time Early Warning Seismic Event Detection Algorithm Using Smart Geo-Spatial Bi-Axial Inclinometer Nodes for Industry 4.0 Applications
Authors: Tariq Hasan , Touati Farid , E. Al-Hitmi Mohammed Abdulla , Crescini Damiano , Ben Mnaouer Adel
Published: September 2019

Earthquakes are one of the major natural calamities as well as a prime subject of interest for seismologists, state agencies, and ground motion instrumentation scientists. The real-time data analysis of multi-sensor instrumentation is a valuable knowledge repository for real-time early warning and trustworthy seismic events detection. In this work, an early warning in the first 1 micro-second and seismic wave detection in the first 1.7 milliseconds after event initialization is proposed using a seismic wave event detection algorithm (SWEDA). The SWEDA with nine low-computation-cost operations is being proposed for smart geospatial bi-axial inclinometer nodes (SGBINs) also utilized in structural health monitoring systems. SWEDA detects four types of seismic waves, i.e., primary (P) or compression, secondary (S) or shear, Love (L), and Rayleigh (R) waves using time and frequency domain parameters mapped on a 2D mapping interpretation scheme. The SWEDA proved automated heterogeneous surface adaptability, multi-clustered sensing, ubiquitous monitoring with dynamic Savitzky–Golay filtering and detection using nine optimized sequential and structured event characterization techniques. Furthermore, situation-conscious (context-aware) and automated computation of short-time average over long-time average (STA/LTA) triggering parameters by peak-detection and run-time scaling arrays with manual computation support were achieved.
A Review of Nanomaterials’ Effect on Mechanical Performance and Aging of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Crucho João , Picado-Santos Luís , Neves José , Capitão Silvino
Published: September 2019

This review addresses the effects of the modifications with nanomaterials, particularly nanosilica, nanoclays, and nanoiron, on the mechanical performance and aging resistance of asphalt mixtures. The desire for high-performance and long-lasting asphalt pavements significantly pushed the modification of the conventional paving asphalt binders. To cope with such demand, the use of nanomaterials for the asphalt binder modification seems promising, as with a small amount of modification an important enhancement of the asphalt mixture mechanical performance can be attained. Several studies already evaluated the effects of the modifications with nanomaterials, mostly focusing on the asphalt binder properties and rheology, and the positive findings encouraged the study of modified asphalt mixtures. This review focuses on the effects attained in the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures, under fresh and aged conditions. Generally, the effects of each nanomaterial were evaluated with the current state-of-art tests for the characterization of mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures, such as, permanent deformation, stiffness modulus, fatigue resistance, indirect tensile strength, and Marshall stability. Aging indicators, as the aging sensitivity, were used to evaluate the effects in the asphalt mixture’s aging resistance. Finally, to present a better insight into the economic feasibility of the analyzed nanomaterials, a simple cost analysis is performed.
Residents’ Perceptions of and Response Behaviors to Particulate Matter—A Case Study in Seoul, Korea
Authors: Cho Myung Eun , Kim Mi Jeong
Published: September 2019

This study is interested in understanding the particulate matter perceptions and response behaviors of residents. The purpose of this study was to identify indoor air quality along with the response behaviors of residents in Seoul, to ascertain whether there is a difference in behaviors when particulate matter is present, according to the characteristics of residents and to grasp the nature of this difference. A questionnaire survey of 171 respondents was conducted. The questionnaire measured the indoor air quality perceived by residents, the health symptoms caused by particulate matter, residents’ response behaviors to particulate matter and the psychological attributes affecting those response behaviors. Residents of Seoul were divided into college students in their twenties, male workers in their thirties and forties and female housewives in their thirties and forties. The data were calibrated by SPSS 23 using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression analyses. The results show that most people found particulate matter to be an important problem but were unable to do sufficient mitigation action to prevent its presence. Residents showed greater psychological stress resulting in difficulty going out than physical symptoms. The most influential factor on response behaviors was psychological attributes. Participants were aware of the risks of particulate matter but believed it to be generated by external factors; thus, they felt powerless to do anything about it, which proved to be an obstacle to response behaviors.
Analysis and Comparison of Role-Based Interorganizational Workflows for a Construction Project
Authors: Jiang Jianlin , Chen Jianguo , Zheng Rongyue , Zhou Yan
Published: September 2019

The implementation process of construction projects is an iterative process of continuous modification and improvement among participant organizations. Traditional workflow analysis methods for a single organization are not suitable for the analysis of such implementation processes. Therefore, an interorganizational workflow analysis method based on organizational roles and associated with their collaborative relationships is required. In this study, a role-based interorganizational workflow model for participant organizations is developed, in which it is assumed that interoperability has a loosely coupled form for temporary multi-organizations. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is applied to determine the parameters of the correlation between interorganizational workflows, which includes downstream sensitivity and the probability of change. Furthermore, according to workflow interactions between organizations, an analysis model of interorganizational workflow is developed by using the Design Iteration Model for reference to analyze the time performance of participant organizations. Additionally, two forms of interorganizational workflow are compared and analyzed. Some suggestions are put forward to improve interorganizational workflow management and reduce the total time taken to complete the workflow processing of each organization (T) and the total time spent on the interorganizational workflow process (effort, E). This research may help strengthen interorganizational workflow management and enrich the workflow modeling theory.
Light Stimulation Parameters Determine Neuron Dynamic Characteristics
Authors: Erofeev Alexander , Gerasimov Evgenii , Lavrova Anastasia , Bolshakova Anastasia , Postnikov Eugene , Bezprozvanny Ilya , Vlasova Olga L.
Published: September 2019

Optogenetics is a recently developed technique that is widely used to study neuronal function. In optogenetic experiments, neurons encode opsins (channelrhodopsins, halorhodopsins or their derivatives) by means of viruses, plasmids or genetic modification (transgenic lines). Channelrhodopsin are light activated ion channels. Their expression in neurons allows light-dependent control of neuronal activity. The duration and frequency of light stimulation in optogenetic experiments is critical for stable, robust and reproducible experiments. In this study, we performed systematic analyses of these parameters using primary cultures of hippocampal neurons transfected with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). The main goal of this work was to identify the optimal parameters of light stimulation that would result in stable neuronal activity during a repeated light pulse train. We demonstrated that the dependency of the photocurrent on the light pulse duration is described by a right-skewed bell-shaped curve, while the dependence on the stimulus intensity is close to linear. We established that a duration between 10–30 ms of stimulation was the minimal time necessary to achieve a full response. Obtained results will be useful in planning and interpretation of optogenetic experiments.
Silicon Meets Graphene for a New Family of Near-Infrared Schottky Photodetectors
Authors: Casalino Maurizio
Published: September 2019

In recent years, graphene has attracted much interest due to its unique properties of flexibility, strong light-matter interaction, high carrier mobility and broadband absorption. In addition, graphene can be deposited on many substrates including silicon with which is able to form Schottky junctions, opening the path to the realization of near-infrared photodetectors based on the internal photoemission effect where graphene plays the role of the metal. In this work, we review the very recent progress of the near-infrared photodetectors based on Schottky junctions involving graphene. This new family of device promises to overcome the limitations of the Schottky photodetectors based on metals showing the potentialities to compare favorably with germanium photodetectors currently employed in silicon photonics.
Classifying Power Quality Disturbances Based on Phase Space Reconstruction and a Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Cai Kewei , Hu Taoping , Cao Wenping , Li Guofeng
Published: September 2019

This paper presents a hybrid approach combining phase space reconstruction (PSR) with a convolutional neural network (CNN) for power quality disturbance (PQD) classification. Firstly, a PSR technique is developed to transform a 1D voltage disturbance signal into a 2D image file. Then, a CNN model is developed for the image classification. The feature maps are extracted automatically from the image file and different patterns are derived from variables in CNN. A set of synthetic signals, as well as operational measurements, are used to validate the proposed method. Moreover, the test results are also compared with existing methods, including empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with balanced neural tree (BNT), S-transform (ST) with neural network (NN) and decision tree (DT), hybrid ST with DT, adaptive linear neuron (ADALINE) with feedforward neural network (FFNN), and variational mode decomposition (VMD) with deep stochastic configuration network (DSCN). Based on deep learning algorithms, the proposed method is capable of providing more accurate results without any human intervention for PQDs. It also enables the planning of PQ remedy actions.
Ionization and Attachment Coefficients in C4F7N Gas Measured by the Steady-State Townsend Method
Authors: Qin Zhaoyu , Long Yunxiang , Shen Zhenyu , Chen Cheng , Guo Liping , Zhou Wenjun
Published: September 2019

The normalized Townsend first ionization coefficient α/N and normalized attachment coefficient η/N in pure C4F7N were measured by using the steady-state Townsend (SST) method for a range of reduced electric fields E/N from 750 to 1150 Td at room temperature (20 °C). Meanwhile, the effective ionization coefficients are obtained. All SST experimental results show good agreement with pulsed Townsend (PT) experiment results. Comparisons of the critical electric fields of C4F7N with SF6 and other alternative gases such as c-C4F8 and CF3I indicate that C4F7N has a better insulation performance with a much higher normalized critical electric field at 959.19 Td.
A Comprehensive and Automated Fusion Method: The Enhanced Flexible Spatiotemporal DAta Fusion Model for Monitoring Dynamic Changes of Land Surface
Authors: Shi Chenlie , Wang Xuhong , Zhang Meng , Liang Xiujuan , Niu Linzhi , Han Haiqing , Zhu Xinming
Published: September 2019

Spatiotemporal fusion methods provide an effective way to generate both high temporal and high spatial resolution data for monitoring dynamic changes of land surface. But existing fusion methods face two main challenges of monitoring the abrupt change events and accurately preserving the spatial details of objects. The Flexible Spatiotemporal DAta Fusion method (FSDAF) was proposed, which can monitor the abrupt change events, but its predicted images lacked intra-class variability and spatial details. To overcome the above limitations, this study proposed a comprehensive and automated fusion method, the Enhanced FSDAF (EFSDAF) method and tested it for Landsat–MODIS image fusion. Compared with FSDAF, the EFSDAF has the following strengths: (1) it considers the mixed pixels phenomenon of a Landsat image, and the predicted images by EFSDAF have more intra-class variability and spatial details; (2) it adjusts the differences between Landsat images and MODIS images; and (3) it improves the fusion accuracy in the abrupt change area by introducing a new residual index (RI). Vegetation phenology and flood events were selected to evaluate the performance of EFSDAF. Its performance was compared with the Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM), the Spatial and Temporal Reflectance Unmixing Model (STRUM), and FSDAF. Results show that EFSDAF can monitor the changes of vegetation (gradual change) and flood (abrupt change), and the fusion images by EFSDAF are the best from both visual and quantitative evaluations. More importantly, EFSDAF can accurately generate the spatial details of the object and has strong robustness. Due to the above advantages of EFSDAF, it has great potential to monitor long-term dynamic changes of land surface.
Logic of Typical and Atypical Instances of a Concept—A Mathematical Model
Authors: Desclés Jean-Pierre , Pascu Anca Christine
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we give a mathematical model of the logic of determination of objects (LDO) based on preordered sets, and a mathematical model of the logic of typical and atypical instances (LTA). We prove that LTA is an extension of LDO. It can manipulate several types of “exceptions”. Finally, we show that the structural part of LTA can be modeled by a quasi topology structure (QTS).
The Proteasome Lid Triggers COP9 Signalosome Activity during the Transition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells into Quiescence
Authors: Bramasole Laylan , Sinha Abhishek , Harshuk Dana , Cirigliano Angela , Sylvia Gurevich , Yu Zanlin , Carmeli Rinat , Glickman Michael , Rinaldi Teresa , Pick Elah
Published: September 2019

The class of Cullin–RING E3 ligases (CRLs) selectively ubiquitinate a large portion of proteins targeted for proteolysis by the 26S proteasome. Before degradation, ubiquitin molecules are removed from their conjugated proteins by deubiquitinating enzymes, a handful of which are associated with the proteasome. The CRL activity is triggered by modification of the Cullin subunit with the ubiquitin-like protein, NEDD8 (also known as Rub1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Cullin modification is then reversed by hydrolytic action of the COP9 signalosome (CSN). As the NEDD8–Rub1 catalytic cycle is not essential for the viability of S. cerevisiae, this organism is a useful model system to study the alteration of Rub1–CRL conjugation patterns. In this study, we describe two distinct mutants of Rpn11, a proteasome-associated deubiquitinating enzyme, both of which exhibit a biochemical phenotype characterized by high accumulation of Rub1-modified Cdc53–Cullin1 (yCul1) upon entry into quiescence in S. cerevisiae. Further characterization revealed proteasome 19S-lid-associated deubiquitination activity that authorizes the hydrolysis of Rub1 from yCul1 by the CSN complex. Thus, our results suggest a negative feedback mechanism via proteasome capacity on upstream ubiquitinating enzymes.
Comparative Physiological Analysis of Methyl Jasmonate in the Delay of Postharvest Physiological Deterioration and Cell Oxidative Damage in Cassava
Authors: Liu Guoyin , Li Bing , Li Xiuqiong , Wei Yunxie , Liu Debing , Shi Haitao
Published: September 2019

The short postharvest life of cassava is mainly due to its rapid postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) and cell oxidative damage, however, how to effectively control this remains elusive. In this study, South China 5 cassava slices were sprayed with water and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to study the effects of MeJA on reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes, quality, endogenous hormone levels, and melatonin biosynthesis genes. We found that exogenous MeJA could delay the deterioration rate for at least 36 h and alleviate cell oxidative damage through activation of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Moreover, MeJA increased the concentrations of melatonin and gibberellin during PPD, which had a significant effect on regulating PPD. Notably, exogenous MeJA had a significant effect on maintaining cassava quality, as evidenced by increased ascorbic acid content and carotenoid content. Taken together, MeJA treatment is an effective and promising way to maintain a long postharvest life, alleviate cell oxidative damage, and regulate storage quality in cassava.
H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 Histone Tags Suggest Distinct Regulatory Evolution of Open and Condensed Chromatin Landmarks
Authors: Igolkina Anna A. , Zinkevich Arsenii , Karandasheva Kristina O. , Popov Aleksey A. , Selifanova Maria V. , Nikolaeva Daria , Tkachev Victor , Penzar Dmitry , Nikitin Daniil M. , Buzdin Anton
Published: September 2019

Background: Transposons are selfish genetic elements that self-reproduce in host DNA. They were active during evolutionary history and now occupy almost half of mammalian genomes. Close insertions of transposons reshaped structure and regulation of many genes considerably. Co-evolution of transposons and host DNA frequently results in the formation of new regulatory regions. Previously we published a concept that the proportion of functional features held by transposons positively correlates with the rate of regulatory evolution of the respective genes. Methods: We ranked human genes and molecular pathways according to their regulatory evolution rates based on high throughput genome-wide data on five histone modifications (H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, H3K9me3) linked with transposons for five human cell lines. Results: Based on the total of approximately 1.5 million histone tags, we ranked regulatory evolution rates for 25075 human genes and 3121 molecular pathways and identified groups of molecular processes that showed signs of either fast or slow regulatory evolution. However, histone tags showed different regulatory patterns and formed two distinct clusters: promoter/active chromatin tags (H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac) vs. heterochromatin tags (H3K27me3, H3K9me3). Conclusion: In humans, transposon-linked histone marks evolved in a coordinated way depending on their functional roles.
Distribution of Al Element of Ti–6Al–4V Joints by Fiber Laser Welding
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Hu Renzhi , Pang Shengyong , Huang Anguo
Published: September 2019

In the process of laser welding, the uneven distribution of solute elements caused by element burning loss and flow of molten pool affects the quality of joints. In this paper, butt welding experiments were conducted on the 3 mm thick Ti–6Al–4V specimens with different preset ratios of Al and Si powders by using 4 kW fiber laser. The distribution of Al solute element and its influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the final weld joint were investigated. The results showed that the self-diffusion of Al element and the flow of molten pool affects the alloy elements distribution in laser welding. And the microhardness of the welded joint with Ti–6Al–4V and 90% Al + 10% Si powders was significantly higher than that with only Ti–6Al–4V, with the difference of about 130HV. At the same time, in the joint with 90% Al and 10% Si powders, the acicular α’ size was finer, and basketweave microstructure was present as well. This research is helpful to better understand the distribution of Al solute element and its influence on the joint quality during laser welding of Ti–6Al–4V alloy, which provides a certain reference for improving the weld or surface properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy during laser processing.
Structure of Highly Porous Silicon Dioxide Thin Film: Results of Atomistic Simulation
Authors: Grigoriev F.V. , Sulimov V.B. , Tikhonravov A.V.
Published: September 2019

The high-energy glancing angle deposition of silicon dioxide films with alternation of deposition angle is studied using classical atomistic simulation. Both slow and fast alternations are investigated. The growth of vertical tree-like columns and chevron-like regular structures is demonstrated under fast and slow alternations, respectively. Due to high porosity, the density of the deposited silicon dioxide films is reduced to 1.3 ÷ 1.4 g/cm3. This results in reduction of the refractive index to 1.3, which agrees with known experimental data. For slow continuous substrate rotation, formation of a helical structure is demonstrated.
First-Principles Prediction of Structures and Properties in Crystals
Authors: Hermann Andreas , Kurzydłowski Dominik
Published: September 2019

The term “first-principles calculations” is a synonym for the numerical determination of the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, clusters, or materials from ‘first principles’, i [...]
Fault Diagnosis for Rail Vehicle Axle-Box Bearings Based on Energy Feature Reconstruction and Composite Multiscale Permutation Entropy
Authors: Wang Xiaochao , Lu Zhenggang , Wei Juyao , Zhang Yuan
Published: September 2019

The fault response signals of an axle-box bearing of a rail vehicle have strongly non-linear and non-stationary characteristics, which can reflect the operating state of the running gears. This paper proposes a novel method for bearing fault diagnosis based on frequency-domain energy feature reconstruction (EFR) and composite multiscale permutation entropy (CMPE). First, a wavelet packet transform (WPT) is applied to decompose the vibration signals into multiple frequency bands. Then, considering that the bearing-localized defects cause the axle-box bearing system to resonate at a high frequency, which will lead to uneven energy distribution of the signal in the frequency domain, the energy factors of each frequency band are calculated by an energy feature extraction algorithm, from which the frequency band with maximum energy factor (which contains abundant fault information) is reconstructed to the time-domain signal. Next, the complexity of the reconstructed signals is calculated by CMPE as fault feature vectors. Finally, the feature vectors are input into a medium Gaussian support vector machine (MG-SVM) for bearing condition classification. The proposed method is validated by a public bearing data set and a wheelset-bearing system test bench data set. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively extract bearing fault features and provides a new solution for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rail vehicle axle-box bearings.