bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and genetic diversity analysis of high-yielding charcoal rot resistant soybean genotypes
Authors: Amrate Pawan K. , Shrivastava M. K. , Bhale M. S. , Agrawal Nisha , Kumawat Giriraj , Shivakumar M. , Nataraj Vennampally
Published: June 2023

Charcoal rot disease caused byMacrophomina phaseolina(Tassi) Goid is one of the most devastating diseases in soybean in India. During 2018, 226 diverse soybean genotypes were evaluated for genetic resistance under hot-spot conditions. Out of them, a subset of 151 genotypes were selected based on Percent Disease Incidence (PDI) and better agronomic performance. Out of these 151 genotypes evaluated during 2019, 43 genotypes were selected based on PDI and superior agronomic performance for further field evaluation and molecular characterization. During 2020 and 2021, these forty-three genotypes, were evaluated for PDI, Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC), and grain yield. In 2020, genotype JS 20-20 showed least PDI (0.42) and AUDPC (9.37).Highest grain yield was recorded by the genotype JS 21-05 (515.00 g). In 2021, genotype JS 20-20 exhibited least PDI (0.00) and AUDPC (0.00).Highest grain yield was recorded in JS 20-98 (631.66 g). Across both years, JS 20-20 had the least PDI (0.21) and AUDPC (4.68), while grain yield was highest in JS 20-98 (571.67 g). Through MGIDI (multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance) analysis, JS 21-05 (G19), JS 22-01 (G43), JS 20-98 (G28) and JS 20-20 (G21) were identified as the ideotypes with respect to the traits that were evaluated. Two unique alleles, Satt588 (100 bp) on linkage group K (Chromosome no 9) and Sat_218 (200 bp) on linkage group H (Chromosome no 12), were specific for thetwo resistant genotypes JS 21-71and DS 1318, respectively. Through cluster analysis, it was observed that the genotypes bred at Jabalpur were more genetically related.
Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and prediction analysis of urban air quality in China
Authors: Du Yuanfang , You Shibing , Liu Weisheng , Basang Tsering-xiao , Zhang Miao
Published: June 2023

To describe the spatiotemporal variations characteristics and future trends of urban air quality in China, this study evaluates the spatiotemporal evolution features and linkages between the air quality index (AQI) and six primary pollution indicators, using air quality monitoring data from 2014 to 2022. Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and random forest (RF) models are created to forecast air quality. (1) The study’s findings indicate that pollution levels and air quality index values in Chinese cities decline annually, following a “U”-shaped pattern with a monthly variation. The pollutant levels are high in winter and low in spring, and low in summer and rising in the fall (O3 shows the opposite). (2) The spatial distribution of air quality in Chinese cities is low in the southeast and high in the northwest, and low in the coastal areas and higher in the inland areas. The correlation coefficients between AQI and the pollutant concentrations are as follows: fine particulate matter (PM2.5), inhalable particulate matter (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) values are correlated at 0.89, 0.84, 0.54, 0.54, 0.32, and 0.056, respectively. (3) In terms of short-term AQI predictions, the RF model performs better than the SARIMA model. The long-term forecast indicates that the average AQI value in Chinese cities is expected to decrease by 0.32 points in 2032 compared to the 2022 level of 52.95. This study has some guiding significance for the analysis and prediction of urban air quality.
Localised degradation within sulfide-based all-solid-state electrodes visualised by Raman mapping
Authors: Lim Jungwoo , Zhou Yundong , Powell Rory H. , Ates Tugce , Passerini Stefano , Hardwick Laurence J.
Published: June 2023

The distribution of degradation products, before and after cycling, within common sulfide-based solid electrolytes (β-Li3PS4, Li6PS5Cl and Li10GeP2S12) was mapped using Raman microscopy.
POSSaxanes: active-template synthesis of organic–inorganic rotaxanes incorporating cubic silsesquioxane stoppers
Authors: Grzelczak Rafał A. , Władyczyn Anna , Białońska Agata , John Łukasz , Szyszko Bartosz
Published: June 2023

POSSaxanes, a group of hybrid organic–inorganic rotaxanes incorporating subnanometer-to-nanometer-sized cage-like silsesquioxane stoppers, were synthesized by exploiting the CuAAC active template approach.
Single crystal growth and intrinsic anomalous Hall effect of Cr2.70Se0.60Te3.40 ferromagnetic crystals
Authors: Younis Muhammad , Wu Hao , Yang Li , Li Luji , Zhang Gaojie , Jin Wen , Raza Hasan , Atiq Shahid , Zhang Wenfeng , Chang Haixin
Published: June 2023

The nanosheets of Cr2.70Se0.60Te3.40 crystals possess intrinsic ferromagnetism verified by the anomalous Hall effect, showing the great potential of Cr2.70Se0.60Te3.40 crystals for the fabrication of spintronic, data storage and topological devices.
Rocking motion in solid proteins studied by the 15N proton-decoupled R1ρ relaxometry
Authors: Krushelnitsky Alexey , Hempel Günter , Jurack Hannes , Ferreira Tiago Mendes
Published: June 2023

Pulse sequence of the proton-decoupled 15N R1ρ experiment.
Tuning Bienenstock–Cooper–Munro learning rules in a two-terminal memristor for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Li Zeyang , Liu Peilin , Yang Guanghong , Jia Caihong , Zhang Weifeng
Published: June 2023

The non-monotonous BCM learning rule with the enhanced depression effect is achieved by applying presynaptic pulses and changing series resistance.
Synthesis, characterization, photophysical and electrochemical properties, and biomolecular interaction of 2,2′-biquinoline based phototoxic Ru(ii)/Ir(ii) complexes
Authors: Das Utpal , Paira Priyankar
Published: June 2023

The present work portrays the synthesis of a phototoxic anticancer agent by incorporating ruthenium(ii) and iridium(iii) metals into the biologically active 2,2′-biquinoline moiety, BQ.
Lignin-based bisguaiacol diisocyanate: a green route for the synthesis of biobased polyurethanes
Authors: Lemouzy Sébastien , Delavarde Aliénor , Lamaty Frédéric , Bantreil Xavier , Pinaud Julien , Caillol Sylvain
Published: June 2023

The synthesis of aromatic diisocyanate derived from lignocellulosic raw materials, namely guaiacol and vanillyl alcohol, through phosgene-free route offers the prospect of greener approaches for isocyanate production and the polyurethane industry.
Visible light-mediated three-component functionalization of olefins with sulfoxyimidoylsulfonium salt for the synthesis of β-amino alcohols and amino ethers
Authors: Xie Wei , Zhao Liang , Fu Xinmei , Zhang Rong , Hao Xinyu , Duan Chunying , Li Yaming
Published: June 2023

A new strategy involving three-component functionalization of olefins with sulfoxyimidoylsulfonium salt and a nucleophilic reagent for the synthesis of β-amino alcohols and β-amino ethers by photoredox catalysis was developed.
Escape dynamics of confined undulating worms
Authors: Biswas Animesh , Kudrolli Arshad
Published: June 2023

We investigate the escape dynamics of oligochaeta Lumbriculus variegatus by confining them to a quasi-2D circular chamber with a narrow exit passage.
Cooperative activated hopping dynamics in binary glass-forming liquids: effects of the size ratio, composition, and interparticle interactions
Authors: Ma Xiao-Juan , Zhang Rui
Published: June 2023

The latest self-consistent cooperative hopping theory is applied to systematically investigate the effects of the size ratio, composition and interparticle interactions on the cooperative activated dynamics in glass-forming mixtures.
Innovations in exploiting photo-controlled Marangoni flows for soft matter actuations
Authors: Farzeena Chalikkara , Vinay Thamarasseril Vijayan , Lekshmi Bindhu Sunilkumar , Ragisha Chetteente Meethal , Varanakkottu Subramanyan Namboodiri
Published: June 2023

Precise manipulation of nano/microscale entities is of utmost relevance in diverse fields. This article provides an overview of inventive strategies based on photo-controlled Marangoni flows for soft matter actuations.
Joint blind reconstruction of cyclic codes and self‐synchronous scramblers
Authors: Ding Yong , Huang Zhiping , Zhou Jing
Published: June 2023

The inverse analysis of the intercepted signals to reconstruct the communication scheme used by the transmitter is a key problem in the non‐cooperative context. In this paper, the problem of blind reconstruction of cyclic codes and self‐synchronous scramblers is considered. There is no existing solution to this problem. To solve this problem, a joint blind reconstruction method for cyclic codes and self‐synchronous scramblers is proposed in this paper. A lemma is proposed and proved theoretically that the maximum common factor of the inverse polynomial of the polynomial form of the dual vectors of the self‐synchronous scrambled bit matrix is the product of the parity polynomial of the cyclic code and the feedback polynomial of the self‐synchronous scrambler. Using this lemma, the joint blind reconstruction of the cyclic code and the self‐synchronous scrambler is completed. Finally, a Gaussian elimination based on random column exchange and soft information (GERCESI) method is proposed, which can apply the proposed method to a noisy environment. Simulations prove that the fault‐tolerance performance of the GERCESI method proposed in this paper is at least 0.5 dB higher than that of the GJETP method.
Highly transferable adversarial attack against deep‐reinforcement‐learning‐based frequency control
Authors: Li Zhongwei , Liu Yang , Qiu Peng , Yin Hongyan , Wan Xu , Sun Mingyang
Published: June 2023

With the increase in inverter‐based renewable energy resources, the complexity and uncertainty of low‐carbon power systems have increased significantly. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL)–based approaches have been extensively studied for frequency control to overcome the limitations of traditional model‐based approaches. The goal of DRL‐based methods for primary frequency control is to minimise load shedding while satisfying frequency safety requirements, thereby reducing control costs. However, the vulnerabilities of DRL models pose new security threats to power systems. These threats have not been identified and addressed in the existing literature. Therefore, here, a series of vulnerability assessment methods are proposed for DRL‐based frequency control with a focus on the under‐frequency load shedding (UFLS) problem. Three adversarial sample production methods are designed with different optimisation directions: Q‐value‐based FGSM (Q‐FGSM), action‐based JSMA (A‐JSMA), and state‐action‐based CW (SA‐CW). Furthermore, combining the advantages of the above three attack methods, a hybrid adversarial attack algorithm is designed, Q‐value‐state‐action‐based mix (QSA‐MIX), to significantly affect the decision process of the DRL model. In case studies of the IEEE39 bus system, the proposed attack methods had a severe impact on system operation and control. In particular, the high attack transferability of the proposed attack algorithms in a black‐box setting provides further evidence that the vulnerability of current DRL‐based control schemes is prevalent.
FU Orionis disk outburst: Evidence for a gravitational instability scenario triggered in a magnetically dead zone
Authors: Bourdarot G. , Berger J.-P. , Lesur G. , Perraut K. , Malbet F. , Millan-Gabet R. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Garcia-Lopez R. , Monnier J. D. , Labdon A. , Kraus S. , Labadie L. , Aarnio A.
Published: June 2023

Context. FUors outbursts are a crucial stage of accretion in young stars. However, a complete mechanism at the origin of the outburst still remains missing.

Aims. We aim to constrain the instability mechanism in the star FU Orionis itself by directly probing the size and evolution in time of the outburst region with near-infrared (NIR) interferometry, and to confront it with physical models of this region.

Methods. As the prototype of the FUors class of objects, FU Orionis has been a regular target of NIR interferometry. In this paper, we analyze more than 20 years of NIR interferometric observations to perform a temporal monitoring of the region of the outburst, and compare it to the spatial structure deduced from 1D magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations.

Results. We measure from the interferometric observations that the size variation of the outburst region is compatible with a constant or slightly decreasing size over time: -0.56-0.36+0.14 AU/100 yr and -0.30-0.19+0.19 AU/100 yr in the H and K bands, respectively. The temporal variation and the mean size probed by NIR interferometry are consistently reproduced by our 1D MHD simulations. We find that the most compatible scenario is a model of an outburst occurring in a magnetically layered disk, where a magneto-rotational instability (MRI) is triggered by a gravitational instability (GI) at the outer edge of a dead zone. The scenario of a pure thermal instability (TI) fails to reproduce our interferometric sizes because it can only be sustained in a very compact zone of the disk <0.1 AU. The comparison between the data and the MRI-GI models favors MHD parameters of αMRI = 10−2, TMRI = 800 K, and Σcrit = 10 g cm−2, with more work needed in terms of observations and modeling in order to improve the precision of these values. Locally, in the very inner part of the disk, TI can be triggered in addition to MRI-GI, which qualitatively better matches our observation but is not strongly constrained by the currently available data. The scenario of MRI-GI could be compatible with an external perturbation that enhances the GI, such as tidal interaction with a stellar companion, or a planet at the outer edge of the dead zone.

Conclusions. We favor a layered-disk model driven by MRI turbulence in order to explain the spatial structure and temporal evolution of the outburst region on FU Orionis. Understanding this phase will provide a crucial link between the early phase of disk evolution and the process of planet formation in the first inner astronomical units.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: González-Álvarez E. , Kemmer J. , Chaturvedi P. , Caballero J. A. , Quirrenbach A. , Amado P. J. , Béjar V. J. S. , Cifuentes C. , Herrero E. , Kossakowski D. , Reiners A. , Ribas I. , Rodríguez E. , Rodríguez-López C. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Shan Y. , Stock S. , Tabernero H. M. , Tal-Or L. , Osorio M. R. Zapatero , Hatzes A. P. , Henning Th. , López-González M. J. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Pallé E. , Pedraz S. , Perger M. , Reffert S. , Sabotta S. , Schweitzer A. , Zechmeister M.
Published: June 2023

We report the discovery of HN Lib b, a sub-Neptunian mass planet orbiting the nearby (d ≈ = 6.25 pc) M4.0 V star HN Lib detected by our CARMENES radial-velocity (RV) survey. We determined a planetary minimum mass of Mb sin i = 5.46 ± 0.75 M⊕ and an orbital period of Pb = 36.116 ± 0.029 d, using ~5 yr of CARMENES data, as well as archival RVs from HARPS and HIRES spanning more than 13 yr. The flux received by the planet equals half the instellation on Earth, which places it in the middle of the conservative habitable zone (HZ) of its host star. The RV data show evidence for another planet candidate with M[c] sin i = 9.7 ± 1.9 M⊕ and P[c] = 113.46 ± 0.20 d. The long-term stability of the signal and the fact that the best model for our data is a two-planet model with an independent activity component stand as strong arguments for establishing a planetary origin. However, we cannot rule out stellar activity due to its proximity to the rotation period of HN Lib, which we measured using CARMENES activity indicators and photometric data from a ground-based multi-site campaign as well as archival data. The discovery adds HN Lib b to the shortlist of super-Earth planets in the habitable zone of M dwarfs, but HN Lib [c] probably cannot be inhabited because, if confirmed, it would most likely be an icy giant.
Operational control of grain grinding efficiency
Authors: Adizov Rashid , Kamalova Matluba , Soliev Muzaffar
Published: June 2023

The authors of the article consider the properties of grain as an expensive and very complex raw material. With varietal milling of wheat in the cost of flour, the main share falls on the purchase of grain - up to 80 ... 85%. Therefore, when organizing and maintaining varietal grinding, it is required to optimize the modes of the main processes of the technology both in the preparatory and grinding sections of the mill, moreover, based on the choice of objective criteria for the efficiency of processes. The authors found out that the values obtained are significantly behind modern ones, which indicates the progress made in the organization and management of flour technology, in particular, characterizes the success in equipping our technology with highly efficient equipment.
Development, spread of root rot on plowing, disking and direct sowing
Authors: Kozulina Natalia S. , Lipshin Alexei G. , Vasilenko Albina V. , Bobrovsky Alexander V.
Published: June 2023

The results of the study showed that various methods of tillage affect the population of the soil with pathogens. Less populated was the soil where traditional tillage was carried out - autumn plowing. With this treatment, in the 0-10 cm layer, the soil colonization with root rot conidia was lower than with minimal tillage and zero sowing. In the 10–20 cm layer, the same trend persisted. The presence of conidia of the genus Alternaria was observed mainly in layer 0-10; 0-20cm and was negligible. At zero sowing, the conidia in the 10-20 cm layer were mostly semi-decomposed.
Spring wheat seed production in Krasnoyarsk region
Authors: Kozulina Natalia , Lipshin Alexey , Butkovskaya Lydia , Vasilenko Albina , Bobrovsky Alexander
Published: June 2023

The economic and biological properties of the variety are successfully implemented only through a well-established seed production system, which is an integration into a single complex of breeding, production and marketing of seeds. High-quality seed material provides a yield increase of at least 25-30%. In modern economic conditions, commodity producers need varieties and seeds of grain crops that meet specific production requirements.
Application of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans VKM B-3655 for bioleaching silicate ore
Authors: Abashina Tatiana , Noskov Aleksandr , Yachkula Alyona , Vainshtein Mikhail
Published: June 2023

Acid metal bioleaching is common and classical for nickel recovery from the sulfide refractory ores: various microorganisms can oxidize sulfides as energetic substrates. Silicate nickel ores are widespread in the world but their bioleaching is more problematic because silicates cannot serve as energetic substrates. Meanwhile iron in the silicate nickel ores presents a significant part and can be used by some acidophilic autotrophic microorganisms for the ore destruction. In model experiments, we studied application of acidophilic autotrophic sulfur-/ iron-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans VKM B-3655 for the nickel recovery from the nickel-bearing silicate ore with high content of iron. The strain was selected by its ability of iron oxidation and resistance to arsenic which also presented in the ore. We also evaluated possibility to stimulate the bioleaching with formate as additional energetic substrates or with persulfate for increasing the medium redox. It was shown that low concentrations of sodium formate (0.3%) and persulfate (0.1%) stimulated growth of A. ferrooxidans while higher persulfate concentration (1.0%) stimulated the ore bioleaching.
Assessment of the state of the environment of the Russian Far East
Authors: Shkrabtak Natalya , Praskova Julia , Frolova Nina , Stepakova Natalya , Pomozova Valentina
Published: June 2023

Environmental monitoring is a long-term assessment of pollutant levels that helps assess pollution levels and provide information on trends in environmental quality. In addition, the environmental monitoring system supports research by providing scientists with the information they need to conduct long-term studies of the effects of various atmospheric exposures on the population and an overall assessment of the health effects of air pollution. The dynamics and structure of pollutant emissions has changed significantly in recent years. It was revealed that the gross volume of emissions into the atmosphere in 2021 decreased by 0.3% compared to the level of 2015 and amounted to 1592 thousand tons. Emissions from stationary sources in 2021 amounted to 1275.2 thousand tons, increased by 43.7% compared to 2015. The structure of emissions was dominated by CO, the emissions of which amounted to 413 thousand tons (increased by 31.8% since 2015). During the year, there was an increase in emissions of solid substances (by 44%), sulfur dioxide (by 55%), nitrogen oxides (by 56.6%), VOCs (by 77.2%).
Deflector nozzles of rain irrigation machines
Authors: Khudayorov Zafar , Mirzakhodjaev Sherzodkhuja , Khalilov Rakhmonberdi , Nurmikhamedov Buron , Mamasov Shavkat
Published: June 2023

The paper is devoted to the study of deflector nozzles of rain irrigation machines. The selection of the parameters of the deflector nozzle of artificial sprinkler irrigation machines on a scientific and practical basis allows for the correct organization of ecologically safe irrigation. The article presents the results of the scientific research of the parameters of a short-distance irrigation nozzle with a deflector.
Specialized food products of increased biological value on a fish basis
Authors: Tsibizova Maria , Bredikhina Olga , Gizbrecht Vilen , Zarubin Nikita , Lavrukhina Elizaveta
Published: June 2023

According to the Strategy for Improving the Quality of Food Products in the Russian Federation until 2030, the priority area is the development of modern technologies for the production of food ingredients and food processing technologies, including biotechnologies to create conditions for the production of new generation food products with specified quality characteristics and promote the principles of healthy nutrition. Thus research in the field of creation, design of technologies and formulations of functional, enriched, specialized fish-based food products are developing. A special place is occupied by products for the nutrition of athletes, the diet and balance of which are determined by the rhythm of the training process. It is proposed to use fish pastes of increased biological value for nutrition of athletes. The main component of such products can be both aquatic biological resources and aquaculture objects. The possibility of expanding the assortment line of fish culinary products is considered. To increase the biological value of the pastes addition of Jerusalem artichoke is justified. The organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators of the quality of the resulting pastes were studied, which showed the possibility of including a phosphorus-calcium food supplement and Jerusalem artichoke in their recipe.
Development of a mathematical model of sliding cutting of food raw materials and semi-finished products
Authors: Urinov Nasillo , Sakhibov Ibodullo , Sayliev Ismat
Published: June 2023

The review of the main methods of intensifying the processes of cutting finished and half-finished products in various sectors of the processing complex shows that today the improvement of technological equipment is carried out mainly by optimizing cutting conditions and by improving the geometric characteristics of knives. At the same time, increasing the intensity of the cutting process and, accordingly, equipment performance, it is impossible not to take into account the technological requirements and conditions associated with improving the quality of the finished product. The article covers a mathematical model for a generalized criterion of the process, i.e. the total cutting force and its components in the directions of movement of the knife and the supply of material.
Increasing the sustainability of the food industry by expanding the range of shortening fats with new types of fat sources
Authors: Sabirova Nargiza , Sadikova Mukhayo
Published: June 2023

New types of fat shortening range using vegetable oils and hard fats are proposed. The new proposed products provided high physical and chemical properties of new types of fat shortenings. The existing methods for the production of shortening fats are characterized by certain technological advantages and disadvantages. Much attention is paid to expanding the range of shortening fats using traditional and non-traditional vegetable oils and fats, as well as products of their processing.
The use of non-traditional meat stuffing in onigiri preparation
Authors: Belyaev Alexey , Ryzhkova Galina , Shvets Olga , Lebedeva Nadezhda , Kanunnikova Tatyana , Kazakova Liudmila
Published: June 2023

This paper considers the possibility to use various fillings – smoked chicken breast fillet, lightly salted salmon with cottage cheese, imitation crab meat and mayonnaise in the manufacture of rice balls named “onigiri”, using porphyry algae, and their effect on the quality indicators of the samples obtained. To achieve this goal, the samples of onigiri rice balls prepared with the introduction of various types of fillings were studied. In the Japanese cuisine recipe of the classic rice ball instead of lightly salted salmon, which was a control sample, smoked chicken fillet was introduced - sample 1, imitation crab meat surimi and mayonnaise - sample 2, lightly salted salmon with cottage cheese - sample 3. An organoleptic assessment of the quality indicators of the rice sandwich showed that sample No. 3 with a filling of lightly salted salmon and cottage cheese turned out to be the best. According to the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the introduction of such a prescription component as imitation of crab meat and mayonnaise into the recipe not only improves organoleptic requirements, but also enriches the result product with the microelement iron.
The influence of organo-mineral fertilizers on the growth of evening apple varieties throughout the year
Authors: Voqqosov Zuhriddin , Kanoatov Khayrullo
Published: June 2023

The article describes the research of the apple varieties grown in the areas in the Yangikurgan district of the Namangan region and proper use of apple fruit production and post-harvest activities in the region. "Iskavot" districts "Nazirjon Ilkhomjon Arabboy" farm in the apple orchards of semirenko, golden delicacies, starcrimson, (five stars), local variety (boyken) 4 types, i.e. N120 P100 K30, N50 P30 K10 organic1000, N25 P20 Phenological and biometric evaluations of K5 Organomineral500, Organomineral1000 fertilizers were studied. Apple cultivars were studied at the beginning of vegetation, beginning of flowering, end of flowering, end of branch growth, beginning and end of autumn, the periods of watering the field, the periods of spraying pesticides, the periods of spraying herbicides.
Prospects of using natural non-conventional raw materials and secondary raw materials in the production of bread of specific purpose
Authors: Shokirov Komil , Kurbanov Murod , Atamuratova Tamara , Khaydar-Zade Lolita
Published: June 2023

One of the most important directions in solving the problem of ensuring the food security of the population and improving the environmental situation in the country is the rational use of its own raw materials, including secondary ones, that is, waste from various sectors of the food industry. Their use in the composition of model composite mixtures will significantly expand the range of targeted bakery products, in this case, intended for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of the study is the selection and study of the chemical composition and biotechnological potential of raw materials for the production of bakery products for medical and preventive purposes. The objects of the study were germinated wheat grain, sesame seeds and grape pomace. The authors consider it possible to use bioactivated wheat grain and secondary raw materials in the production of this type of product, which will enrich it with the missing essential nutrients, reduce the cost, and also significantly improve the ecological situation of the environment.
Correction of the fatty acid composition of purpose dietary fats
Authors: Isabaev Ismoil , Djuraeva Nafisa , Khudaikulov Anvar
Published: June 2023

It has been indicated that, according to very numerous studies, substantial indicators of the functionality of fatty products are the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of ω6 and ω3 families, as well as the ratio of the sum of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids (SFA:MUFA:PUFA). Points related to the fortification of the functional properties of fat products of a target (special) purpose by combining their composition with the use of crushed non-defatted (full-fat) masses of oily flax and sesame seeds have been considered. The biological potential of the crushed non-defatted mass of oil flax seeds as a promising component for the enrichment of PUFA of ω3 group of new food vegetable-fat composite mixtures for special purposes have been theoretically substantiated. Insofar as margarines, which are often not balanced in terms of the ratio of fatty acids ω6 and ω3, are usually included as a fat component in the recipes of many bakery and flour confectionery products, this article proposes pre-mixing margarine with non-defatted crushed mass of oil flax and sesame seeds, without extracting the oil from their composition, before adding it to the dough.
Efficiency of stabilization of technological processes at the mill of food production
Authors: Mukhamedova Mukhabat , Adizov Rashid , Khafizova Manzura
Published: June 2023

The article provides the description of the production experiment carried out at a mill for varietal grinding of wheat into baking flour, the technological scheme of which provides for the selection of pasta grits. To obtain a statistical set of data, the experiment was organized for 10 days, during which the values of the studied process parameters were recorded every two hours. The output of pasta grits was chosen as this. These products are subjected to thorough sorption on sieves for separation into independent fractions of products by size and quality, then the grains undergo additional processing (enrichment) on sieve machines and at the last stage - in the grinding process - their final grinding into flour takes place. Such a complex organization of grinding requires serious theoretical and practical training from the technologist to perform the main task - process control at the mill.
Application of machine learning methods for the differentiation of fungal diseases in strawberry based on hyperspectral image analysis
Authors: Cheshkova Anna
Published: June 2023

Fungal diseases have a significant negative impact on strawberry yield. Their detection and differentiation using hyperspectral measurements is a possible alternative to traditional methods. In this study, strawberry leaves infected with Ramularia Tulasnei, Marssonina potentillae and Dendrophoma obscurans with visible symptoms of the disease were used for hyperspectral analysis. The reflection spectrum of leaves was recorded with a Photonfocus hyperspectral camera (wavelength range 475–900 nm, 149 channels) under laboratory conditions using the line scanning method. This research has aimed to compare four machine learning methods: spectral angle mapper (SAM), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Classification models were built based on the full spectrum, as well as on 12 vegetation indices (VI) as spectral features. The results demonstrated that the SVM model based on full spectra reached highest classification accuracy 94%. The KNN model performed slightly worse with 91% accuracy. The performance of models based on VIs was lower than that of models based on full spectra with an accuracy range of 78–85%.
Digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex as a transition to highly efficient production
Authors: Agapitova Lyudmila , Butorina Galina , Larionova Nadezhda , Medvedeva Lyubov
Published: June 2023

Modern digitalization opportunities are very broad and cover the entire agricultural sector. The paper considers the potential of digital transformation of production, the goals and economic benefits of digitalization for agricultural producers. The authors studied the four main directions of digitalization of production processes in the agro-industrial complex. The financial support of the project of digitalization of agriculture, the structure of funding in the dynamics over a number of years, including at the expense of the region were analyzed. The paper identifies the problems of digitalization of small businesses, the digital divide between urban and rural areas. The authors formulated the main external and internal tasks of the digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex, which will provide a highly efficient production in the future.
Digitalization of the organizational structure of an agro-industrial enterprise based on the GERT-network computational model
Authors: Ikonnikova Maria , Kovalev Dmitry , Astanakulov Komil , Voroshilova Anna
Published: June 2023

The article discusses an approach to digitizing the organizational structure of an agro-industrial enterprise based on the GERT network model. The transformation of the business process of coordinating primary procurement needs into a GERT network is shown. The possibility of transforming the GERT network for performers of functions is identified to further optimize the organizational structure of the business process in agro-industrial enterprises. The results of calculating the obtained GERT network taking into account the features of the business process are presented. The proposed equivalent transformations of the GERT network provide the possibility of fast digital modelling and, therefore, enable efficient reorganization of the enterprise's organizational structure.
Theoretical determination of the speed and number of revolutions of the grain grinder hammer propeller
Authors: Karshiev Fakhridin U. , Shomirzaev Makhmatmurod Kh. , Tursunov Shokir Ch. , Shamaev Yigitali J.
Published: June 2023

A mini grain grinder device was created for small farms, which is used to prepare feed by grinding grains. The main working organ of the grain grinder is a propeller with a hammer, and the grinding of grains during the work process depends on the rotation speed of the hammer and the number of revolutions of the propeller. Because when the propeller rotates, the speed of the hammer attached to it must be sufficient to crush the grains. With this in mind, theoretical studies were conducted and the rotation speed and number of rotations of the hammer propeller of the grinding device needed to grind the grains were determined. According to the research, the speed of the propeller hammer should be at least 40.2 m/s for grain crushing in the device, and this speed is ensured when the number of rotations of the hammer propeller reaches 1785 rev/min when the radius of the hammer propeller is r = 0.215 m. For rapid grinding of nutritious grains in the grinding machine, the speed of the hammer should be higher than 40.2 m/s and the number of propeller revolutions should be higher than 1785 rev/min.
Modern methods of solving environmental space junk problems
Authors: Dubrovin Anton V. , Anamova Rushana R.
Published: June 2023

A review of the literature on modern problems of space debris arising in the design of rocket and space technology has been carried out. The article considers possible ways to solve these problems. The analysis of the article literature on the problems of space debris carried out by the authors made it possible to identify methods for preventing the formation of space debris, methods for protecting existing spacecraft from space debris, as well as the main regulatory and technical documents in this area.
Cesium-137 distribution in soil and Leccinum aurantiacum in a spruce-aspen forest ecosystem
Authors: Ivanov Dmitriy M. , Ivanov Evgeniy D.
Published: June 2023

The assessment of caesium-137 accumulation in parts of fungi fruiting bodies of Leccinum aurantiacum (Bull.) Gray in a mixed spruce-aspen forest on sod-podzolic soil was carried out. Average specific activity of cesium-137 for caps is 1814±112 Bq/kg and for stems 873±73 Bq/kg. It was found that the specific activity of cesium-137 does not exceed the permissible values, but significantly differs between the cap and stem of fruit bodies. The coefficients of cesium-137 accumulation from soil vary for caps from 4.6 to 6.1 and for stems from 1.7 to 2.8. High specific activity of cesium-137 in aspen leaf fall 289±27 Bq/kg and litter 339±23 Bq/kg compared to the underlying soil horizons was noted.
Modeling of water pollution in the basins of Arctic rivers
Authors: Bulavina Aleksandra
Published: June 2023

The goal hereof is mainly to model water pollution in the Arctic rivers on the basis of known natural and anthropogenic data on the drainage basins. The quality of water in rivers depends on the amount of pollutants entering the drainage basin and on the latter’s ability to convert such substances. This paper investigates merging these two components into a single integral model by finding a balanced system of inputs. After reviewing the literature and theorizing on the concept, the model was tested on the river systems of the European part of the Russian Arctic. The experiments proved the integral river pollution model to be objective. The resulting integral indices show the extent of anthropogenic impacts on river waters. The use of integral indices in conjunction with hydrochemical ones gives insight into how far anthropogenic sources of chemicals affect the composition of river waters.
Analysis of change in toluene concentration during periods with different industrial load
Authors: Kulakova Ekaterina , Safarov Ayrat
Published: June 2023

A study of the peculiarities of the change in the concentration of toluene in the atmospheric air of the city, where the sources of the substance are both vehicles and an industrial enterprise for the production of synthetic rubber, has been carried out. The paper analyzes the behavior of methylbenzene in different periods: with small and large volumes of industrial emissions. The sources of the substance intake are described. A diagram of the change in the emission volumes of the toluene source enterprise has been built. The periods, characterized by different industrial load on the hygienic state of the air in the city, have been determined. Statistical characteristics of data arrays of methylbenzene concentration for the periods of 2010–2012 and 2015–2017 were calculated. Wind directions are obtained showing the priority influence of the pollution source. The nature of the influence of meteorological parameters on the toluene content in the air of the residential part of the city was revealed at various volumes of the petrochemical enterprise’s emission. The study revealed a change in the influence of temperature and wind speed on the toluene content in the atmospheric air of the city under various anthropogenic load.
Benchmarking as a tool for the development of "green" technologies in the water supply and sanitation enterprise
Authors: Treyman Marina , Nazarova Anna , Ignatova Daria
Published: June 2023

The study presents the features and principles specific to the implementation of benchmarking for water supply and sewerage enterprises. Benchmarking is an assessment and control tool that allows enterprises to improve their activities in the field of environmental management, which will make it possible to reduce the environmental burden on the region and increase the environmental safety indicators of the region. The authors of the article developed an algorithm for implementing the principles of benchmarking in the activities of enterprises, which will improve both the quality of services and increase the efficiency of its work. The principles and technologies of water supply used in St. Petersburg and the Sultanate of Oman identifying problematic aspects of water management and key indicators that reflect the effectiveness of processes are presented. A comparative analysis of the key indicators of water supply in the Russian Federation (on the example of the city of St. Petersburg) and the Sultanate of Oman (on the example of the capital city of Muscat) was carried out. The key areas for improving activities were identified.
Recycling of municipal waste in crop production as condition for reducing the toxicological load on ecosystems
Authors: Dogadina Marina , Tarakin Aleksei , Bukhvostov Yuri , Minakova Irina , Bukreeva Tatiana , Parkhomchuk Marina
Published: June 2023

In the period from 2013 to 2020, in all regions of Russia, there was an increase in household waste by 4.5-6.9 times an average. The study has identified that the properties of some wastes allow using them in economic sphere; it predetermines the interest in wastes as a secondary material resource. Some waste can be used as a fertilizer material and a substance for soil formation. It has to be considered that waste use can cause a number of serious negative processes, affecting all components of the ecosystem. Moreover, the polluting strength depends on the chemical composition of waste and the regulations for waste use. The purpose of the study is a geoecologic assessment of the resource potential of household waste in Orel in order to determine the possibility of their subsequent use in the region’s agriculture. The authors have presented the results of a ten-year monitoring of the resource potential of sewage sludge. According to chemical and biological components determined by the analyses, the examined waste belongs to IV, V classes of danger to the environment. It proves that they can serve as an organomineral fertilizer for the biological reclamation of disturbed lands.
Assessment of the influence of river sediments in the Sokhsoy river
Authors: Arifjanov Aybek , Akhmedov Islombek , Umarov Isroil , Kazadayev Aleksandr
Published: June 2023

The paper is devoted to carrying out targeted scientific research activities aimed at the development of new methods and technologies to accurately determine the consumption of bottom sediments and reduce their negative impact on hydraulic structures. One of the urgent tasks is to carry out scientific research aimed at the development of scientifically based measures aimed at reducing the negative impact of river sediments on hydrotechnical structures built in the bed of the river in the foothills. At present, measures are being taken in the Republic of Uzbekistan to identify the factors affecting the consumption of bottom sediments and to develop new methods of existing hydraulic calculations that provide opportunities for improvement. This article focuses on the protection of the Kokan reservoir from turbid sediments and provides an accurate estimate of the sediments that flow into the reservoir.
Combined tool for improving arid pastures
Authors: Ergashev Ismoil T. , Islomov Yorkin I. , Tashtemirov Bekzod R. , Pardaev Khofiz K. , Namazov Furkat A.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the advantages of the combined tool developed by the authors for improving pastures. The device of a tool for improving pastures is given. The results of comparative tests of existing guns and a mock-up sample of a combined gun are presented. During field experiments, fuel consumption, unit performance, soil crumbling, hardness, humidity, and soil density were determined. The calculation of the technical and economic indicators of the tool was carried out. According to the results of tests and calculations, it was found that the combined tool surpasses the existing tools used to improve pastures in terms of the main technical and economic indicators. At the same time, the developed tool allows to increase labor productivity by 6.1 times and reduce fuel consumption by 84.7%. As a result, annual labor savings amount to 823.1 people • h, operating costs will decrease by 82.5%.
Mid-season spring wheat variety Kuraginskaya 2
Authors: Sidorov Aleksandr V. , Neshumaeva Nadezhda A. , Plekhanova Ludmila V.
Published: June 2023

The biological features and economically useful traits of the spring soft wheat variety Kuraginskaya 2 were studied. The studies were carried out in 2010-2021 on experimental fields and in laboratories of the Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture. Sowing was carried out on a fallow predecessor with a rate of 500 germinating grains per 1 m2. The soil of the experimental site is leached chernozem. Variety Kuraginskaya 2 was created by the method of intraspecific hybridization and subsequent selection from the population K-817xKazakhstanskaya 10 of Lutescens variety. The variety is mid-season, the duration of the growing season is at the level of standards. In competitive variety testing the average grain yield was 27.7 centner/ha. The advantage over the Omskaya 33 standard is 3.8 centner/ha. Kuraginskaya 2 surpasses Omskaya 33 in terms of 1000-grain weight and ear grain content. The maximum yield of 71.0 centner/ha was obtained in 2019 at the Uyar variety plot. The variety has high ecological plasticity, resistant to lodging and root rot. Grain quality corresponds to a good filler.
Synthesis and physico-chemical study of systems of co-precipitated Eu/Me hydroxides
Authors: Bugaets Olga , Kaygorodova Elena , Bugaets Ivan , Bokovikova Tatiana , Bugaets Natalia , Butina Elena , Gerasimenko Evgeny , Bugaets Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

The level of scientific and technical progress is determined in many respects by inorganic materials – phosphors, sorbents, catalysts, aluminates, chromates, ferrite. The luminescing materials are widely used in medicine, criminalistics, agriculture, in various industries. It creates prerequisites for improvement of methods of receiving phosphors and further research of influence of features of structure of firm phases of materials on their spectral properties. Initial substances for synthesis, the leading role belongs to oxides, hydroxides and systems on their basis. Red phosphors which part compounds of europium are of particular interest. The systems of in the common besieged hydroxides (CBH) received continuous sedimentation of water solutions of nitrates of Eu (III) and AI(III), Fe(III), Cr(III) alkali. The SOG systems were studied by methods of the physical and chemical analysis: differential and thermal, IR-spectroscopic, X-ray phase, X-ray fluorescent, power dispersive. Registration, the emitted luminescent radiation of Eu3+ in a system, in the field of 741.4-746.9 nanometers were carried out at a stage of crystallization of amorphous products. The dependence of intensity of a luminescence of systems on synthesis conditions was established.
Research on the impact of preliminary electromagnetic treatment of chip soap on the technological features of detergents
Authors: Majidov Kakhramon , Saidvaliev Saidazim
Published: June 2023

The impact of preliminary electromagnetic treatment of chip soap on the technological features of detergents has been studied. A decrease in viscosity has been established when processing raw materials in a magnetic field with an induction. Because of mathematical processing of experimental data, a regression equation describing the technological process has been obtained. The influence of technological factors on the process of saponification of fatty acids has been determined. The significance and value of the constituents of the receipt of detergent components on the formation of the quality and properties of solid soaps have been scientifically and experimentally substantiated. The significance and value of soap chips based on palm and coconut oils has been established. Scientifically substantiated technological lines and modes for improving the quality and expanding the range of toilet soaps have been selected. Ecologically “clean” technologies for the production of detergents of a new assortment have been created. The rheological properties of sodium salts of fatty acids of industrial concentrations have been studied. The results of scientific and experimental research allowed expanding and supplementing the existing theoretical provisions on new formulations of detergents and improving the technology of their production based on palm and coconut oils.