bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palaeotemperature - Palaeodepth Study from Selected Coal Basins of Damodar Valley Coalfields, India
Authors: Bardhan Banani , Ghosh Arabinda
Published: November 2024

Selected coal basins from Raniganj to South Karanpura (four adjoining basins of the Darnodar Valley coalfields) of Gondwana age have been investigated from the study of coal samples collected from the deepest boreholes of the region to reveal the tectono - sedimentary and geothermal history of the Peninsular Gondwana. Quantitative estimation and modelling of accumulated sediments and their subsequent partial removal, in relation to sinking and upheaval of basin floor as well as validation study of development of the present day slope have been attempted.

Maturation study of organic matter has revealed that maximum paleodepth/subsidence of the basin floor was reached in Jharia (3920 m) and minimum in South Kmpura (3040 m) during a span of 55 million years. Assuming 135 million years as soaking time/stabilisation period for the organic matter of Barakar Formation, the palaeotemperature attained is maximum in Jharia (155°C) and minimum in South Karanpura (110°C).

The geothermal gradient is maximum in Jharia (5.7°C/100 m) and minimum in South Karanpura (3.1°C 1100 m), but the average geothermal gradient is around 4°C/100 m. The higher geothermal province (Jharia, East Bokaro, Raniganj) of which Jharia is the locus for the entire belt, is different from the lower geothermal region occurring further west (South Karanpura). Calculated rate of accumulation of sediment and subsidence of the basin floor of four basins are in agreement with the palaeodepth, pdaeotemperature and maturation condition of the organics.

Sinking, stabilisation and later uplift of the sedimentary pile were followed by fierce erosional activity which was maximum in Raniganj and minimum in South Karanpura. The degree of erosion is in accordance with the present day slope of the drainage system i.e., towards the Darnodar river and its tributaries. The error percentage between the calculated and accepted pre-erosional stratigraphic thickness of the four basins is found to lie between 0.56 (South Karanpura) and 4.74 (Jharia), which is remarkably low and indicates the strength of the analyses.
Source Rock Palynological Model for Exploration of Fossil Fuels in Krishna-Godavari Basin
Authors: Swamay S. N. , Kapoor P. N.
Published: November 2024

Exploration for hydrocarbon depends largely upon integration of surface and subsurface geological, geophysical and geochemical data. The vast majority of fossil hydrocarbons was formed by the alteration of sedimentary organic matter which originate from a variety of different source materials including aquatic and terrestrial biotas. Better understanding of the petroleum system (which includes source, migration and accumulation) in any basin is necessary for hydrocarbon exploration. Assessment of source rock is based upon parameters like organic matter types, richness of organic matter, maturation and paleoenvironrnent. The various geochemical and source rock palynological parameters are also considered synergistically to decipher source rock potential sequences in Cretaceous and Pre-Cretaceous sediments of Krishna-Godavari Basin.

Source rock palynological model is prepared for various formations viz., Pennar Shale, Krishna Formation, Golapalli Formation, Gajulapadu Shale, Raghavapuram Shale and Tirupati Sandstone to depict spatial and temporal distribution of source rock facies.
Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Flow Regime in a Weathered Hard Rock Aquifer: A Case Study
Authors: Thangarajan M.
Published: November 2024

Numerical simulation of groundwater flow regime in weathered hard rock region is a valuable tool to assess the groundwater resources and to understand its hydrodynamics of a basin. One such study was canied out in Bukdaleru River basin, a hard rock region in Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Recurring droughts and increased exploitation of groundwater to meet the growing needs of drinking water and irrigation had resulted in the decline of regional groundwater levels, causing deterioration of groundwater quality in the basin. In order to evolve future pumping schemes, a preliminary mathematical model of phreatic aquifer was conceptualised, constructed and calibrated in two stages viz., steady and transient conditions. The calibrated model was then used to predict the aquifer behaviour for the next five years. The model study indicates that the phreatic aquifer can sustain the present withdrawal of 28 x 106 m3/year without furlher decline of water level. Any additional increase of withdrawal in the shallow aquifer will result in progressive decline of water level, as the average annual dynamic reserve is only about 28 x 106 m3. If the present model is refined and validated through additional field data, then optimal utilisation schemes can be evolved.
Thermal Decomposition of Natural Actinolite: A High Temperature Electrical Resistivity Study
Authors: Sarma L. P. , Parthasarathy G.
Published: November 2024

We report here the first observation of a thermally induced irreversible decomposition in natural actinolite, collected from Santaveri, Karnataka, by using DC electrical resistivily measurements upto 1100K. The electrical resistivity of the actinolite sample is found to be 4 X 1011 Ohm-cm at room temperature and pressure. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity of the samples exhibits an Arrhenius behaviour ? = ?n exp(?E/kT) in the region 300-700 K with an activation energy of 0.76 eV. At 770 ± 5 K a first-order increase in resistivity from 7.93 X 103 to 3.55 X 1014 ohm-cm has been observed, which is due to decomposition of the sample. In the temeprature region 775-1100 K, the value of the activation energy is found to be 0.20 eV. X-ray diffraction studies on the thermally quenched samples indicate that the decomposed phase is a mixuture of cummingtonite, clinopyroxene, plus quartz and water vapour as associated products. These breakdown products are found to be identical to those proposed by Cameron (1975), and contrary to the mineral assemblage of fayalite-hedenbergite-pyroxene-quartz-vapour as proposed by Ernst (1966).
Tectonic Control on Distribution and Evolution of Ravines in the Lower Mahi Valley, Gujarat
Authors: Raj Rachna , Maurya D. M. , Chamyal L. S.
Published: November 2024

All along the Lower Mahi Valley, ravines form an important geomorphic unit. These have developed extensively in the Late Pleistocene continental sediments delimited by flat alluvial plains on one side and river channel on the other. The ravines are confined to all the three pediment, alluvial and estuarine zones. The intensity of these is more on the left bank compared to the right and suggest a differential uplift of the horst block dong basement faults. Morphologically, the ravines are divisible into two types: sharp crested, steep, deeply entrenched and gently sloping, with shallower depth and comparatively smaller in length. The directional analysis of ravine orientations show that the higher order ravines trending NE-SW and NNE-SSW are related to neotectonic activity along older structural trends during Early Holocene. The smaller and gently sloping ravines showing varying trends are attributed to semi-arid and humid climate.
Characterisation of Groundwater in the Unconfined Aquifers of Chennai City, India. Part 1 - Hydrogeochemistry
Authors: Ballukraya P. N. , Ravi R.
Published: November 2024

Hydrogeochemical characterisation is a very important aspect of groundwater management. The unconfined aquifer of Chennai city is heavily exploited for meeting the water requirements of the city. Hydrogeochemical investigations carried out showed the existence of diverse hydrogeochemical facies of groundwater. Analysis of the data indicates that the quality of groundwater is related to hydrogeological environment, both in the present and the geological past. Relationship between water level fluctuations and groundwater quality in the area has been established and this is controlled by the lithology of the host rock and overlying material. The enrichment of various ionic constituents in groundwater is controlled by recharge-discharge processes as well as the local environment. Increase of TDS in groundwater after the recharge is observed in predominantly clayey areas while in sandy aquifers, it is seen to decline with recharge. The hydrogeochemistry of the groundwater shows that most of Chennai area can be classified as recharge area pointing to the dominance of vertical recharge processes.
Evaluation of Hydrogeological Parameters Through Mathematical Modeling : A Case Study
Authors: Thangarajan M. , Singh V. S. , Sriman Narayan M.
Published: November 2024

Hydrodynamics of groundwater flow regime in a hard rock region and its quantification are not yet fully understood. This is mainly due to several uncertainties involved in quantifying the hydrogeological parameters, Numerical techniques are found to be potential tools in interpreting hydrogeological parameters in hard rock regions as well as studying the aquifer response for given input/output stresses.

One such study was carried out in Palar river basin, Tamil Nadu, where pumping tests carried out on large diameter wells were interpreted using a numerical technique. The aquifer parameters (transmissivity - T and storage coefficient - S) evolved through pumping tests were then used to characterize the groundwater flow regime.
Finite Element Gravity Regional and Residual Anomalies and Structural Fabrics of Northwest Ganga Basin
Authors: Sharma K. K. , Rao V. K. , Mallick K.
Published: November 2024

The separation of the regional gravity anomaly by any of the existing techniques has one common drawback, i.e. the Bouguer gravity values over the anomalous zone enter into the computations. In order to overcome this, a new scheme, based on the finite element approximation, is suggested to compute the regional anomaly. The uniqueness of this approach is that except a few discrete gravity values coinciding with the nodes of the element superimposing the map space, often very large, no other gravity data are invoked to compute the regional anomaly. As a case study, regional - residual anomaly separation has been carried out for the north west Ganga Basin. This area is chosen as it is tectonically very active, and based on the regional and residual gravity anomalies, we can unfold the imprints of various tectonic episodes along the lndo - Eurosian plate boundary. While the regional gravity anomaly shows possible association with deep-seated faults along the rivers Yarnuna and Chambal, the seismicity appears to be correlated with the residual gravity anomaly around Delhi.
Images of the Gravity Field of India and their Salient Features
Authors: Sreedhar Murthy Y.
Published: November 2024

During the last one decade or so, computers have revolutionised the practices in earth sciences the world over Space technology provided the impetus and the necessary tools for presenting geoscietific data as images besides the usual coloured geological maps and geophysical contour presentations. The greatest advantage of an image is its enhanced visual perspective and its ability to bring out subtle features / trends that may be less discernible in ordinary contour maps. In India, geoscientists are yet to realise the full potential of image technology and to take advantage of it. The present article is a demonstration of the usefulness of geophysical images as a complement to their contoured versions.

A rapid and cost effective method earlier devised by the author and his colleagues was adopted for digitising the Free-air, Bouguer and Isostatic gravity anomaly maps of India. The digital data thus produced were used for generating images in shaded relief and colour. These images reveal a number of interesting geological and tectonic features which have been highlighted in this paper for further detailed study by the geoscientists. While some of these correspond to those already known, the others are distinguishable primarily in the images and therefore not reported earlier.
Rare Earth Elements in Limestones of Kallankurichchi Formation of Ariyalur Group, Tiruchirapalli Cretaceous, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Madhavaraju J. , Ramasamy S.
Published: November 2024

Studies on calcium carbonate (CaCO3), trace elements and rare earth elements were carried out on the Kallankurichchi Formation in order to understand the elemental behaviour in marine limestones of the Tiruchirapalli Cretaceous. Variation in EREE content between Sandy Fossiliferous Limestone (SFL) and Fossiliferous Limestone (FL) can be explained as due to the varying amounts of terrigenous material present in the limestones. PAAS (Post Archaean Australian Shale) normalised REE patterns and LaN/YbN ((LaSample/LaShale)/(YbSample/YbShale)) ratios suggest that the terrestrial rocks are the major source for REE in these limestones. The SFL and FL show negative Ce anomalies, with slight variation between these limestones. The negative correlation between CaCO3 and Ce/Ce* values indicates that the observed Ce anomalies are not related to the CaCO3 content in SFL and FL, whereas Ce/Ce* values show positive correlation with detrital elements implying that the observed variations in the Ce anomalies resulted from the variation in the terrigenous material supplied by the continental area. SFL and FL show low U/Th ratio and U content. Low U contents suggest that the oxic condition prevailed in the bottom water and sediment column during the deposition of Kallankurichchi Formation.
Cordierite-Bearing Gneisses from Kodaikanal, South India: Textural Relationship and P-T Conditions
Authors: Prakash Divya
Published: November 2024

Kodaikanal is part of a Precambrian terrane characterized by granulite facies rocks. Cordierite-bearing gneisses here document spectacular reaction textures involving (Opx/Sp)-Cd symplectite and cordierite rim around resorbed garnet, consistent with the reactions:

(A) Garnet + Quartz = Orthopyroxene + Cordierite; (B) Garnet + Sillimanite + Quartz = Cordierite;

(C) Garnet + Sillimanite = Spinel + Cordierite

Application of Gt-Bio, Gt-Opx, Gt-Cd and Sp-Cd thermometric, and Gt-Opx-Plag-Qtz, Gt-Sill-Plag-Qtz and Gt-Cd-Sill-Qtz barometric models to the granulite grade metapelites provides a P-T path which suggests that the rocks experienced substantial decompression (up to 3 kbar) and moderate cooling (150-200°C) subsequent to peak conditions of metamorphism (c.7.5 kbar, 750±50°C). The polymetamorphic history of the study area, interpreted from garnet consuming reaction textures and themnobarometric estimates, defines a decompressional P-T path followed by cooling of the rocks.
Trace Element Geochemistry of Groundwater from Behedi Basin, Nasik District, Maharashtra
Authors: Pawar N. J. , Nikumbh J. D.
Published: November 2024

Studies carried out on trace element geochemistry of groundwater from Behedi basin have shown spatial as well as temporal variations. While the spatial variations have been attributed to land use practices in the basin, the temporal changes indicated input of trace elements from soil zone due to rain-fed recharge. On the basis of spatio-temporal variations, weathering of rocks and human activity have been identified as the potential sources of trace elements in the groundwater. The budgeting of trace elements in the groundwater suggests that the rate of flushing of Cu is highest from the vadose zone to phreatic zone followed by Fe, Zn, Mn, Pb and toxic trace elements like Hg and As.
Environmental Vibration Studies at Charminar
Authors: Kousalya M. , Seshunarayana T. , Prabhakara Prasad P.
Published: November 2024

Measurement of vibrations caused by vehicular traffic around Charminar, a monument at Hyderabad, was carried out using three component velocity sensors and high-resolution digital seismograph. These measurements were done at different levels viz., ground, middle, top level and at other accessible levels of the structure. Acceleration and displacement were computed from the velocity-time series. Peak particle velocity was found maximum at the top level in the north-south direction.
Design v1
Authors: Smith Nahum , Casadei Silvia
Published: November 2024

This protocol details the design of the workflow.
BONCAT-FACS on river water and sewage effluent samples v1
Authors: Moss Katharine , Goodall Tim , S Read Daniel
Published: November 2024

Bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) is a method for detecting translational activity at the single cell level. Briefly, samples are incubated with a non-canonical amino acid which gets incorporated into newly synthesised proteins. Samples are fixed, then reagents are added to fluorescently tag the non-canonical amino acid in new proteins. BONCAT can then be combined with fluorescent activated-cell sorting (FACS) to sort the BONCAT active population from the total community. The sorted BONCAT active population can undergo DNA extraction for 16S rRNA sequencing. This protocol is for river water and sewage effluent samples. This protocol was developed by the UKCEH Molecular Ecology group.
Yoga as an Adjunct Treatment to Manage Pain, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress During Hospital Stays: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rees Taylor , Li Haiyin , Sharma Neena K.
Published: November 2024

People frequently report pain, anxiety, depression, and stress during hospital stays. Yoga has been shown to decrease these experiences in various settings. However, it is unclear whether yoga can be implemented during a hospital stay and has positive effects on pain and psychological well-being. The present systematic review aimed to examine the feasibility and impact of yoga interventions on pain, anxiety, depression, and stress when performed by patients during a hospital stay. Using PRISMA guidelines, three databases, and a registry, we conducted a search between August 2021 and December 2022. Both randomized and nonrandomized studies were included. Two authors independently assessed articles and risk of bias. Thirteen studies were included in this review, comprising individuals with a wide age range and various conditions. Three randomized controlled trials, one nonrandomized comparative trial, and nine noncomparative trials were included. Of the five studies reporting on pain (primary outcome), four found a statistically significant reduction. Of the eight studies reporting on anxiety, six found a statistically significant decrease and two reported a nonsignificant decrease in anxiety level. All four studies investigating depression reported a statistically significant decrease. All three studies reporting on stress found a decrease in stress, although only one at a statistically significant level. Five studies reported on the feasibility of performing yoga in a hospital setting, without any negative effects or increase in symptoms. Limited studies have integrated yoga during a hospital stay to address pain and psychological symptoms. Nevertheless, the current evidence suggests that yoga interventions during hospitalization are feasible, and yoga has promising benefits with potential clinically significant reduction in symptoms. Results should be viewed with caution given the lack of randomized trials, low methodological quality, and small sample sizes in the included studies. Further studies are needed to build on this evidence.
Physical and sports activity of Russians: trends and developments over 20 years (analytical review)
Authors: Ivanova Larisa Yu.
Published: November 2024

In the 21st century, the Government of the Russian Federation made important decisions related to healthy lifestyle of the population and the development of physical education and sports (PES). The review of sociological studies of physical and sports activities of Russian citizens is of interest considering the results of mass sports development in Russia.
The aim of this review is to trace the trends of PES popularity among Russians for over two decades and the variation of Russian citizens’ opinions on the creation of conditions for such activities. We analyzed various surveys and scientific papers from the RSCI database on the topic (n = 43) using the traditional data review and collation method. The calculations were made using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.
Surveys from 2006 to 2018 showed a positive trend in the popularity of PES among Russians. Respondents more often noted that there were sports facilities at their place of residence. Recent studies have shown that the citizens are increasingly satisfied with the conditions created for physical and sports activities. However, they have not identified any positive trends in the popularity of such activities or the use of relative facilities.
To further involve Russians in physical and sports activities, it is important to raise awareness of the population, publicize expert opinions on human physical activity, address specific motives that encourage people to engage in physical and sports activities and the reasons for refusing to do so in various demographic groups. The wishes of citizens in relation to construction of new sports facilities shall be linked to their capabilities, including free time and financial resources to pay for attractive sports services. Comprehensive research into these issues and analysis of statistics on the provision of sports and fitness services may be the basis for a policy of providing benefits to encourage Russians to engage in physical and sports activities, and adjusting the standards for providing sports facilities to the population.
Source-Scaling Comparison and Validation for Ridgecrest, California: Radiated Energy, Apparent Stress, and Mw Using the Coda Calibration Tool (2.6<Mw<7.1)
Authors: Mayeda Kevin , Bindi Dino , Roman-Nieves Jorge , Morasca Paola , Dreger Douglas , Ji Chen , Taira Taka’aki , Archuleta Ralph , Walter William R. , Barno Justin
Published: November 2024

The determination of accurate apparent stress, radiated energy, corner frequency, and their scaling with magnitude remains one of the most difficult seismological endeavors because of complicated 3D Earth structure, complex rupture, and limited broadband recordings. This study focuses on a comparison of four separate state-of-the-art methods that aim to compare and contrast common events using the well-recorded 2019 Ridgecrest, California, sequence, which was motivated in large part by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)/Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Community Stress-Drop Validation Study group (Baltay et al., 2024). For this study, we calibrated the Ridgecrest and surrounding region using the Coda Calibration Tool (CCT) and compared them against recent generalized inversion technique (GIT) results of Bindi et al. (2021) (2.6<Mw<7.1) and two other state-of-the-art methods for moderate-sized events in the sequence (3.5<Mw<5.5). We find excellent agreement between the GIT and coda-derived results over a broad range of magnitudes, and for moderate-size events, we find equally good agreement with source estimates from finite-fault inversion method based on Dreger (1997) and a direct S-wave spectral method by Ji et al. (2024). As found in a recent comparative study in central Italy by Morasca et al. (2022) (3.5<Mw<6.3), we find that CCT and GIT results are in excellent agreement for events ranging between 2.6<Mw<7.1, and relative, weak-motion site terms are also in agreement. Although both approaches observe a modest increase in apparent stress with depth, the overall trend in apparent stress increasing with magnitude is supported by our findings. Finally, upon comparison with other regions, we find that the absolute apparent stress values from Ridgecrest are comparable to central Italy but significantly lower than both eastern Canada and the United Kingdom.
Remote sensing of illegal dumps through supervised classification of satellite images: application in Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Gómez Maturano Javier , Mendoza Santana José David , Aguilar García Ana Lilia , Serna Hernández Mayra
Published: November 2024

Various economic, social, and cultural factors have contributed to the proliferation of illegal dumps, causing urban image degradation, population health impacts, and soil, air, and water contamination. Scientists developed remote sensing techniques to identify these red spots and thus contribute to their mitigation and control. They recently used these techniques to detect large areas of illegal waste dumping instead of using expensive field monitoring. Artificial intelligence algorithms have been used to process satellite images due to the availability of satellite images and the increase in the processing capacity of computer systems. This work presents the results of a satellite remote-sensing procedure to detect illegal dumps in one hydrographic subbasin in Oaxaca, Mexico, through a supervised land cover classification using a Random Forest classifier. Two hundred and fifty-six control polygons were used to train the classifier. The classification criteria were the twelve bands of the Sentinel 2A satellite images with a spatial resolution of 10x10 meters, the spectral indices NDVI, MNDWI, SAVI, NDBI, BSI, and the surface slope. Google Earth Engine platform was used to process satellite images. There were 288,100 hectares classified in this way: 65.4% classified as vegetation, 31.5% like bare soil, 2.7% was urban soil and the rest was classified as water or garbage. A confusion matrix calculated the accuracy of the model in 0.9517. The model was not able to accurately distinguish between urban soil, bare soil and garbage due to the similarity of their spectral fingerprints. NDVI and SAVI were the most important spectral indices for detecting litter, and those might contribute to building a spectral fingerprint of litter in the future. Poorly classified areas were discarded through photointerpretation work and post-processing. Finally, thirty-two probable illegal dumps were identified, twelve of which were confirmed on the territory.
Memórias que formam: a integração do memorial ao Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso na Medicina
Authors: Laguna Gabriela Garcia de Carvalho , Santos Luana Kauany de Sá , Da Silva Fernanda Angélica , Barreto Fernanda Khouri , Lago Danúsia Cardoso , De Melo Fabrício Freire
Published: November 2024

O Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC) tradicionalmente marca o final da graduação e oportuniza ao estudante demonstrar os conhecimentos técnico-científicos adquiridos. No curso de Medicina do Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde da Universidade Federal da Bahia, essa proposta foi adaptada, com a inclusão do memorial pessoal e acadêmico na estrutura do TCC. Objetiva-se descrever acerca da vivência de três discentes na construção do TCC, com enfoque no memorial pessoal e acadêmico, bem como na apresentação e apreciação desses trabalhos na defesa pública. Apresenta-se um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência. Ao atribuir ao memorial uma importância tradicionalmente reservada a um trabalho acadêmico, o colegiado do curso reconhece a importância da história de vida, dos princípios, das emoções e da trajetória acadêmica de cada discente por trás da decisão de se tornar médico(a). Desse modo, o memorial acadêmico, com a análise crítica e reflexiva das atividades desenvolvidas durante o curso, é complementar às experiências despertadas pela narração autobiográfica e tem seu ápice na escolha de um produto científico que enalteça a trajetória acadêmica e expresse sentido e significado pessoal. Esse processo contribui para a formação de médicos(as) qualificados(as), responsáveis, acolhedores(as) e propositivos(as) diante dos desafios que se impõe à saúde pública.
The Use of Mutual Information and Entropy as an Acquisition Function to be Used in Active Learning
Authors: Warren F , Paisey S , Lai Y , Spezi E , Smith R
Published: November 2024

This work has explored the theoretical principles of Mutual Information and Entropy and their use as combined acquisition score. The work looked at mutual information and entropy combined score values produced from a deep learning model trained to segment preclinical CT scans, which supported the investigation into its use in an active learning pipeline as an information metric, to guide the selection of data from the unlabelled data pool to incorporate into the training set. The work has shown that the combined acquisition function shows promise. Further refinement and validation are necessary to fully establish its utility in active learning tasks.
A Study on the Influence of Laser Surface Texturing Parameters on the Dimensional Accuracy of the Textured Designs
Authors: Escudero-Ornelas A Y , Valera-Medina A , Bigot S , Bhaduri D
Published: November 2024

The research involves an experimental investigation into the laser surface texturing (LST) of stainless steel 316L parts to explore the correlation between the laser process parameters and the dimensional accuracy of the textured designs. A full factorial experimental design was used to analyse the impact of the input parameters via main effects plot and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The results indicated that laser track distance along the traverse scanning direction had the most significant effects on all the output responses, i.e. width and depth of the textured grooves and width of the riblet (unmachined region). Laser intensity also had significant effect on the riblet width and groove depth, while scanning velocity did not exhibit any statistically significant influence on any of the responses. The deviations in the riblet and groove widths from the nominal CAD design were the least when using a track distance of 10 μm, whereas the deviations in the groove depth was minimum for a track distance of 100 μm.
Escenarios e innovaciones en el sistema agroindustrial de la provincia de Entre Ríos: aportes desde un enfoque multinivel
Authors: Valentinuz Oscar , Siede Mario , Seiler Cristhian , Caviglia Octavio
Published: November 2024

Un futuro sostenible requiere armonizar aspectos productivos, ambientales y sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los principales desafíos de innovación tecnológica y social que enfrenta la producción primaria en una provincia agrícola de la Argentina (Entre Ríos), a través del uso de un enfoque multinivel y escenarios prospectivos. Partiendo de un estudio de futuro previo que produjo narrativas de cinco escenarios arquetípicos para el sistema agroalimentario provincial hacia el año 2030, se seleccionó el escenario de transformación (denominado “metamorfosis”) y se describieron las innovaciones requeridas en los diferentes niveles del enfoque multinivel (nicho, régimen y paisaje) para cerrar la brecha entre ese escenario deseable y el escenario de continuidad. Se identificó a la intensificación sostenible, la agricultura digital y la diversificación de la producción primaria como las innovaciones clave para una transición hacia el escenario deseable, dentro del cual también las regulaciones e incentivos estatales a nivel de nicho y paisaje aparecen como esenciales para avanzar en un sendero de transición.
Apuntes y consideraciones sobre la conversión del capital social de una sociedad peruana de soles a moneda extranjera
Authors: Pérez Caruajulca Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2024

El presente artículo analiza la conversión del capital social de una sociedad peruana de soles a moneda extranjera, destacando sus implicaciones legales, económicas y financieras. Se analiza la función del capital social, la regla general de su expresión en moneda nacional y las excepciones que permiten su expresión en moneda extranjera. Asimismo, se detallan los requisitos para llevar a cabo esta conversión, incluyendo la necesidad de autorización administrativa y su vinculación con la contabilidad en moneda extranjera. Además, se discuten las razones para esta conversión, como la protección de la inversión extranjera, la mitigación del riesgo cambiario y la atracción de financiamiento internacional. El artículo concluye con un análisis de las implicaciones financieras y las estrategias para gestionar el riesgo cambiario que pueden ser aplicadas a las empresas que decidan convertir su capital social a moneda extranjera.
El Impacto del Decreto 046 de 2024 en el Régimen de Responsabilidad de los administradores en Colombia
Authors: Henao Beltrán Lina Fernanda
Published: November 2024

En el presente artículo la autora busca ejecutar un análisis exhaustivo respecto al impacto del Decreto 046 en el régimen de responsabilidad de los administradores dentro de la legislación colombiana, precisando así los ámbitos de los deberes de diligencia, buena fe y lealtad societaria. Además, de la mención de que dicha norma, al incorporar la regla de la deferencia al criterio empresarial, otorga una mayor autonomía al momento de la toma de decisiones a favor de los intereses de la empresa.
Los objetivos de sostenibilidad y su influencia en el moderno derecho de sociedades
Authors: Quijano González Jesús
Published: November 2024

La necesidad de promoción y de protección de intereses generales sometidos a crecientes amenazas, para lo que resulta imprescindible la colaboración de las empresas, está motivando un cambio de tendencia en la configuración del objeto de las sociedades mercantiles, especialmente las de mayor tamaño. De la tradicional concepción de las sociedades como manifestaciones del derecho de asociación con fines económicos, entre los que la obtención de ganancia y su reparto entre los socios aparecía como una finalidad natural, se ha ido evolucionando hacia una forma de entender el interés social en combinación con otros intereses, como son la protección del medio ambiente, la promoción de los derechos humanos o la aplicación de modelos de gobernanza participativos, con equilibrio de género y con métodos de control contable y de gestión más eficaces. A este planteamiento respondió históricamente la definición de compromisos de responsabilidad social corporativa, y más recientemente la exigencia de proporcionar información no financiera formalizada que permitiera valorar esos compromisos. En la actualidad, los objetivos de sostenibilidad ESG (medio ambiente, cuestiones sociales, gobernanza) constituyen prácticamente una obligación que las sociedades deben asumir, ofreciendo información periódica sobre su nivel de implicación en la promoción de esos objetivos. Las iniciativas europeas en materia de sostenibilidad, y también en diligencia debida y equilibrio de género, constituyen manifestaciones de especial interés en este nuevo planteamiento.
Conflictos entre la autodeterminación informativa y la segmentación de perfiles a través de la publicidad programática online en el Perú
Authors: Sosa Huapaya Alex
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las afectaciones al derecho de autodeterminación informativa que pueden suscitarse mediante el uso de la publicidad programática comportamental online como herramienta de segmentación de perfiles. Se trata de un estudio en el que se emplea el método dogmático con el objeto de analizar la publicidad programática frente a las libertades informativas protegidas en la constitución peruana, las normas que regulan sus efectos y pronunciamientos de la Autoridad Nacional de Datos Personales, Indecopi, e incluso la normativa europea. De esta forma, se buscará determinar si la normativa peruana es idónea para establecer límites razonables al uso de dicha estrategia publicitaria.
Residue and Irrigation Management for Optimizing Productivity and Profitability of Wheat in Ambala (Haryana)
Authors: Prem Guru , Kumar Navsal , Poddar Arunava , Mehta Anita Rani , Kumar Rakesh
Published: November 2024

Background: The rice-wheat cropping system in Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh and Punjab faces sustainability risks due to soil fertility depletion, rising cultivation costs and environmental pollution hazards because of the large-scale burning of rice crop residues. Two-year field experiments investigated wheat sowing techniques by keeping rice crop residues under various irrigation schedules to optimize production and economic outcomes in Ambala, Haryana. Three sowing methods, i.e., conventional sowing (CS), Happy Seeder (HS) and Super Seeder (SS) and four irrigations scheduling, i.e., scheduling at critical growth stages (IS1), IW/CPE ratio 0.9 with first irrigation at CRI (IS2), IW/CPE ratio for whole crop season (IS3) and depletion of 50% available soil moisture (IS4). Methods: Happy Seeder sown wheat exhibited a significantly higher average yield of 58.38 q ha-1 than conventional (57.69 q ha-1) and Super seeder (56.85 q ha-1) sown wheat. Overall, Happy Seeder and irrigation schedule (IS3) produces the highest grain yield of 65.23, 63.56 and 64.40 q ha-1 in the first, second year and pooled year results. In conventional sowing of wheat, the average total cultivation cost was 107134.02 and 110907.71 Rs ha-1, which was less in Happy Seeder sown wheat, i.e., 99077.07 and 102932.27 Rs. ha-1 respectively, in the year 2021-22 and 2022-23. Result: The average benefit-cost ratio (BCR) for the happy seeder technique, 1.42 and 1.44, outperforms the conventional sowing wheat approach during both years of experiments. The recent wheat sowing using happy seeder under residue mulching conditions, must adopt modified irrigation scheduling practices to enhance yield and profitability, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices. The study highlights the potential of recent agricultural practices to boost farmer income, promote sustainable agricultural growth and environment conservation.
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT AND GENDER EQUALITY IN THE SALE OF BORAN RICE IN LAMONGAN INDONESIA
Authors: Yuniar Dea Hernawati , Riyanto Edi Dwi , Afdholy Nadya
Published: November 2024

Women's empowerment and equality in the economic sector have become widespread due to the successful implementation of the feminist movement. In socialist feminism, the oppression of women in the world of work was rampant, and this has slowly diminished with the empowerment of women in the social and economic sectors. The selling of boran rice by women only in Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia, has a uniqueness because it is one of Lamongan's traditional foods. This research aims to discuss women's empowerment and gender equality in the production and selling practice of boran rice in Lamongan. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and a phenomenological approach. The data taken in this study is from interviews with boran rice sellers in Lamongan. The results of this research suggest that boran rice sellers do not mind being supporters of the family economy. The women empowerment act is found in the association that houses boran rice sellers in the west of the Lamongan plaza. The gender equality found in the opportunity for women to have a job. This reflects that women and men have their own roles, and their skills are equally useful.
Investigation of Career Decision Regrets Among Students in the Faculty of Sport Sciences: A Case Study of Bartın University
Authors: Tunckol Hulusi Mehmet , Uzun Sena
Published: November 2024

Education at the university level shapes one‘s professional career. A career in sports is more complex than in other professional fields. At times, individuals may experience career regret when faced with challenging situations, which can lead to negative emotions such as depression and loss of self-confidence. Therefore, this paper focuses on investigating the career decision regrets of students in the Faculty of Sports Sciences. The most common technique in descriptive research models, the survey method, was employed in the study. The study group consisted of 400 students from four different departments at Bartın University‘s Faculty of Sport Sciences. The researchers developed a personal information form, and the 'Career Decision Regret Scale' was utilized. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, and one-way ANOVA tests were applied to analyze the data. The results indicated that students in the Department of Sports Sciences at Bartın University experienced career decision regrets (mean = 38.05). The scale scores differed significantly based on students' age, department, year of study, place of birth, academic average, place of residence, part-time work, father's employment status, and educational level.
On Revalorizing Natural Capital in Conflict and Climate Crisis
Authors: Wong Catherine
Published: November 2024

The environmental impacts of war include natural capital loss, with cascading impacts on development and peace, whereas investments in biodiversity and ecosystem restoration offer opportunities to mend social fabric and build peace. A revalorization of natural capital is needed in conflict-affected and fragile contexts.
Countering Backlash: Reclaiming Gender Justice in Uganda
Authors: Ahikire Josephine , Mwiine Amon Ashaba
Published: November 2024

There is increasing evidence globally that the optimism for gender equality progress during the mid-1990s and mid-2010s now faces critical reversals from both subtle and overt forms of. Far from experiencing steady progress and accelerating promises of 'leaving no one behind', the gender equality struggle is faced with transnationally coordinated backlash against gender and sexual rights. In Uganda, backlash against gender equity policy reforms seems to be growing steadily from the very subtle and hidden to direct attacks on feminist activists and their alliances. This report engages with the following questions that have been explored over a period of four years: What is backlash? What is the origin, nature and motive of gender backlash? What drives gender backlash? Do all efforts to achieve women’s rights, equality and justice experience backlash in similar ways? Does backlash differ for different categories of policy reforms? How do gender equity policy reform activists and policy makers use their voice to counter backlash against gender equality? The report draws on three Ugandan policy cases – the affirmative action policy regarding women’s political participation, as entailed in the 1995 constitution; the Domestic Violence Act, 2010 (DVA); and the Sexual Offences Bill, 2019 (SOB) – to analyse the manifestation of gender backlash and the strategic efforts used by feminist activists and their alliances to counter this backlash.
How Tanzania’s Levy on Mobile Money Affects Small Businesses
Authors: Pfeil Stefanie , Murimi Nyaoke , Siebert Marius , Santoro Fabrizio
Published: November 2024

Mobile money has changed the financial system in many African countries, where it is seen as a convenient alternative to traditional financial services. It is a dominant force in emerging markets, and much of the progress gained in financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa is related to the growth of mobile money. Mobile money is used by both the formal and informal sectors. It offers an opportunity for governments to broaden the tax base, and to reach parts of the population that could not previously be reached. In July 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Tanzanian Government introduced a new levy on electronic mobile money transactions (e-levy). The e-levy was initially between TSh10 and TSh10,000, and increased the cost of mobile money transfers and withdrawals. It was in addition to the existing 18 per cent value added tax (VAT) and 10 per cent excise duty, and was called a ‘patriotic levy’ to finance development projects. It was followed by public outcry, and concern about setbacks to financial inclusion. This paper focuses on micro and small enterprises (MSEs) who are members of savings and credit cooperative societies (SACCOS). We look at their knowledge and perceptions of the e-levy, and its impact on their loan repayments from its introduction in July 2021, through subsequent adjustments, and up to its partial withdrawal in July 2023. The paper is based on the combination of a unique database of loan repayments by 1,571 MSEs in 11 SACCOS, and 601 structured phone interviews with MSEs. The results show that: (1) the amount of MSE loan repayments increased, but the total number of transactions decreased; (2) there is little knowledge about the e-levy; those with more knowledge about the e-levy are more negative about it; (3) the general perception of mobile money is positive; that of the e-levy is negative, due to factors like knowledge, access to information through smartphones, and sector-relevant knowledge.
«… WITHOUT EVER HAVING BEEN THERE!» LA SCOPERTA DELL’AMERICA NEL CARTEGGIO CESARE PAVESE-ANTONIO CHIUMINATTO
Authors: Marrone Giuseppe
Published: November 2024

Nato a Rivarolo Canavese, ma presto trasferitosi al seguito della famiglia in America, a Green Bay (Wisconsin), Antonio Chiuminatto torna in Italia, a Torino, nel 1925 per completare gli studi musicali presso il Conservatorio «Giuseppe Verdi» e qui, nell’ambiente universitario, conosce il ventunenne Cesare Pavese, al quale impartisce lezioni di inglese e di slang. Al ritorno di Chiuminatto in America, i due continueranno a tenersi in contatto, stringendo una solida amicizia che durerà fino al 1933 e si rivelerà determinante per la formazione pavesiana, prima come critico e traduttore e più tardi come narratore, soprattutto nel romanzo d’esordio, Paesi tuoi (1941), scritto inseguendo stilisticamente il modello ideale di uno slang italo-piemontese senza precedenti e senza paragoni nella coeva produzione italiana, i cui unici punti di riferimento possono essere rintracciati in quella effervescente stagione narrativa americana che negli anni Trenta Pavese aveva studiato, tradotto e conosciuto anche grazie alla fondamentale mediazione di Antonio Chiuminatto.
Apropriação cultural do Lesson Study
Authors: Losano Ana Leticia , Fiorentini Dario
Published: November 2024

Nas últimas décadas, o Lesson Study (LS) tem sido utilizado em distintos contextos, realizando adaptações a partir das características culturais e das realidades locais. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever e discutir os processos de apropriação do LS desenvolvidos por uma comunidade fronteiriça universidade-escola: o Grupo de Sábado (GdS). Adotando uma perspectiva sociocultural, sistematizamos e historiamos esses processos a partir das principais reflexões e produções do grupo nos últimos oito anos. O estudo identificou aproximações e distanciamentos culturais entre o LS japonês e o processo formativo desenvolvido pelo GdS, denominado Lesson Study Híbrido (LSH). Revelou, também, as aprendizagens dos participantes e os desafios enfrentados. A síntese evidenciou que, mesmo com suas diferenciações, o LSH preserva os aspectos essenciais do LS japonês, sendo uma oportunidade frutífera de desenvolvimento profissional dos professores que possibilita expandir o espaço dialógico entre universidade e escola, promovendo transformações em ambas.
Hanefî Mezhebine Göre Kısasta Denklik
Authors: Kayapınar Hasan
Published: November 2024

İnsan fiillerini konu alan hukukun düzenlediği önemli alanlardan birisi ceza hukukudur. Hukuk bu bölümde insanların işlediği suçları ve bunlara verilecek cezaları ele almaktadır. Fıkıh da ceza hukukunu düzenlemekte ve suç saydığı fiillere yönelik çeşitli cezalar uygulanacağını belirtmektedir. Fıkıhta öldürme ve vücut bütünlüğüne zarar verme suçlarında kısas cezasının verilmesi öngörülmüştür. Kısas, belli şartlarda suçlunun mağdura verdiği zararın aynıyla cezalandırılması demektir. Kısas cezası naslarda açık bir şekilde emredildiğinden dolayı prensipte mezhepler arasında ihtilaf yoktur. Kısas cezalarının verilebilmesi için en temel şart denkliktir. Denklik suçluya uygulanacak kısas cezasının mağdurunkine eşit olmasını ifade etmektedir. Bu denklik organlar arasında olduğu gibi suçlu ile mağdurun arasında da bulunmalıdır. Mezheplerin bütünü kısas cezalarında denkliğin şart olduğu hususunda ittifak halindedir. Ancak denkliğin hangi noktalarda aranacağı konusunda görüş ayrılığı bulunmaktadır. Bu makalede Hanefî mezhebine mensup fakihlerin denkliği nasıl ele aldıkları incelenmiş ve vücut bütünlüğüne yönelik işlenmiş olan kesme, koparma gibi suçların kısasında denkliğin uygulanma imkanı araştırılmıştır. Müstakil olarak ceza hukukunda denklik olgusunu ele alan güncel bir çalışmaya ulaşılamamıştır. Bu açıdan çalışmanın literatüre katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.