bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of the well-being of students of the risk group as an indicator of improving the quality of higher education in the context of the Bologna process
Authors: Khusainova Svetlana , Palekha Ekaterina
Published: March 2021

The relevance of the article is due to the need to develop the well-being of students included in a special risk group because of their deviancy: that affects the level of the quality indicator of higher education. This problem is presented in the aspect of development of lifelong learning in the context of the Bologna process. The purpose of the article is to identify the well-being of students of the risk group as an indicator of improving the quality of higher education correlated with personality-oriented learning and the idea of increase of their mobility and competitiveness in the labor market. The authors reveal that students of the risk group with a low level of well-being and a low level of self-acceptance face difficulties in setting an adequate goal in life, as well as in establishing the necessary contacts that contribute to the creation of autonomy that determines the satisfaction of the proposed conditions of their development. The authors show the essence of the quality indicator of higher education, which consists in resilience, involvement in one's own activities and risk taking, which is realized through the active assimilation of knowledge from experience and its usage. It is proposed to consider the development of students' well-being as an additional indicator of the quality of higher education. It has been proven that the high value of the diversity of education systems is recognized as one of the missions of higher education to develop the well-being of students of the risk group. The article could be interesting for educational psychologists, graduate students and researchers of risk groups in the education system.
Theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the impact of migration flows as a consequence of the bologna process on the security of the state
Authors: Slobotchikov Oleg N. , Bitieva Zarina R. , Shatokhin Mikhail V. , Shiianova Elizaveta V.
Published: March 2021

The article presents theoretical and methodological aspects of assessing the impact of migration flows caused by the participation of a number of states in the Bologna Process on the security of the state. The research carried out by the authors make it possible to substantiate the relevance of the development of methodological tools for the impact of migration processes on the security of the country. Since inclusion in the Bologna Process implies an increase in migration flows. The implementation of the methods presented is confirmed by the results of its practical adaptation based on a comparative interstate analysis. The key advantages of the methodology developed by the author are the ability to dynamically assess the effect of migration management in the country for a certain period, which should become the main one for adjusting government decisions in this area of regulation, along with the formation of reasonable conclusions about the positive or negative impact of the migration on the level security, based on the absolute value of the migration effect index.
Motorcycle crashes and upper extremity trauma
Authors: Cravez Erin , Rankin Kelsey A. , Ondeck Nathaniel , Yaari Lee , Leslie Michael , Swigart Carrie , Wiznia Daniel H.
Published: March 2021

Objectives: Upper extremity injuries following motorcycle crashes (MCC) incur increased healthcare costs and rehabilitation needs. We aim to characterize the epidemiology of MCC upper extremity injuries and identify factors that influence the severity of and cost of care for upper extremity injuries. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 571 patients with upper extremity injuries after MCC at a level 1 trauma center from 2002 to 2013. We collected data pertaining to demographics, helmet use, toxicology, bony injury, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), hospital length of stay (LOS), and cost. Continuous variables were compared using t-test or Wilcoxon rank test, depending on data distribution, and dichotomous variables were compared using Pearson’s chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests. Regression models were used to evaluate the effect of intoxication or helmets on injury location, severity, cost of care, and LOS. Results: The incidence of MCC upper extremity injury was 47.5%, with hand and forearm fractures the most common injuries (25.5% and 24.7% of total injuries). Intoxicated patients were more likely to have a high cost of care (p = 0.012), extended LOS (p = 0.038), plastic surgery involvement in their care (p = 0.038), but fewer upper extremity bony injuries (p = 0.019). Non-helmeted patients sustained less upper extremity bony injuries (p < 0.001) and upper extremity soft tissue injuries (p = 0.001), yet more severe injuries (ISS ≥ 30, p = 0.006 and GCS < 9, p < 0.01) than helmeted patients. Conclusion: Upper extremity injuries are common in motorcyclists. Despite vital protection for the brain and maxillofacial injury, helmeted MCC patients have an increased incidence of upper extremity injuries compared to non-helmeted patients, but overall have less severe injuries. Intoxicated patients have fewer upper extremity bony injuries, but the higher cost of care, and extended LOS. Therefore, even with the increased risk of injury helmets may expose to the upper extremity, helmets reduced overall morbidity and mortality. In addition to mandatory helmet laws, we advocate for further development of safety equipment focusing specifically on the prevention of upper extremity injuries.
Die Entdeckung der Bisphosphonate (Prof. Dr. Ingo J. Diel)
Authors: Diel Ingo J.
Published: March 2021

Bisphosphonate spielen in der Behandlung osteologischer Erkrankungen eine bedeutende Rolle. Durch Hemmung der Osteoklastenaktivität werden skelettale Komplikationen im Verlauf einer Osteoporose oder einer Knochenmetastasierung signifikant reduziert. Bisphosphonate wurden zunächst als Weichmacher und Stabilisatoren industriell genutzt. Seit den 60er-Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts nahm die Entwicklung der Substanzen auch in der Medizin einen rasanten Verlauf, zunächst bei der Behandlung der Hyperkalzämie, der ektopen Ossifikationen und des Morbus Paget, später bei den bereits oben erwähnten Indikationen. Die industrielle und medizinische Erforschung der Bisphosphonate ist unter historischen Aspekten gut belegt. Hingegen sind die Quellen der frühen, ersten Entdeckung spärlich und kaum bekannt. In der vorliegenden Publikation wird die Arbeit des Apothekers Th. Salzer aus Worms gewürdigt, der als Erster die unterphosphorige Säure (identisch mit Etidronat) entdeckt und beschrieben hat, ohne sie endgültig analysieren zu können. Dieses Verdienst kam H. von Baeyer und A. Hofmann zu, die 1897 ihre bekannte Publikation veröffentlichten. Auch wenn H. von Baeyer nur eine kurzfristige Bekanntschaft mit den Bisphosphonaten einging, so spielte er für die Entwicklung des Faches Orthopädie in Deutschland, bis zu seiner Entlassung durch die Nationalsozialisten, eine hervorragende Rolle. Da in der Orthopädie die Anwendung der Bisphosphonate eine weite Verbreitung gefunden hat, werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Verdienste Hans v. Baeyers hervorgehoben.
Zusammenhang zwischen dem Burnout-Risiko und individuellen Stressverarbeitungsstrategien bei Kindergartenerzieherinnen
Authors: Darius Sabine , Hohmann Christina Barbara , Siegel Lydia , Böckelmann Irina
Published: March 2021

Erzieherinnen in Kindertagesstätten sind vielfältigen Belastungen ausgesetzt, die zu psychischen Beeinträchtigungen und Erkrankungen führen können. Für die Leistungsfähigkeit und das Wohlbefinden der Erzieherinnen ist ein Gleichgewicht zwischen Belastungen und Ressourcen notwendig. Ziel der Studie war es, Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Burnout-Risiko und personalen Ressourcen zu untersuchen, um daraus Ansätze für Präventionsmaßnahmen abzuleiten. An der Untersuchung nahmen 200 Erzieherinnen aus Magdeburg und Umgebung im Alter von 43,6±12,6 Jahren freiwillig teil. Für die Erhebung des Burnout-Risikos wurde das MBI-GS-Inventar verwendet. Stressverarbeitungsstrategien als personale Ressourcen wurden mit dem Stressverarbeitungsbogen (SVF) erfasst. Bei 9 (4,5 %) Erzieherinnen wurde ein Burnout-Risiko festgestellt, 68 (34 %) litten zumindest an einigen Burnout-Symptomen. Bei Erzieherinnen mit Burnout-Risiko lagen signifikant mehr negative Stressverarbeitungsstrategien vor. Präventiv sollte ein ressourcenorientierter Ansatz gestärkt werden, um die Gesundheit der Erzieherinnen zu erhalten und einem Burnout-Syndrom vorzubeugen.
Photoresist as a choice of molecularly thin gate dielectrics in graphene-based devices
Authors: Zhou Minmin , Zhang Dehui , Zhang Dakuan , Sun Huabin , Liu Zhe , Chen Tianhong , Liu Che-Hong , Wang Xinran , Zhong Zhaohui , Shi Yi
Published: March 2021

Ultra-thin polymeric dielectrics are of great interest for the ever-increasing development of high-performance novel electronics. Up to date, the fabrication of polymer layers as thin as few nanometers is still an extremely demanding process. Here, we report a facile method to fabricate molecularly thin (4 nm–5 nm) plasma-hardened photoresist (PHPR) layers by applying O2 plasma to treat the surface of the photoresist (SPR 220) to cross-link the constituent novolac resin. It is found that such ultra-thin PHPR layers also possess molecular-scale smoothness, superior chemical resistance, and thermal endurance. Furthermore, we develop an in situ transfer technique that is compatible with the planar process to stabilize the patterning of the PHPR layers. By using PHPR layers as the gate dielectric and tunneling barrier (breakdown strength up to 500 kV/mm), a graphene-PHPR-graphene (G-PHPR-G) sandwich-like structure is demonstrated, exhibiting a high photo-responsivity (>13 A/W) under low operating voltages (<1 V), which enables the ultra-thin PHPR layers to be a very promising candidate for the dielectrics in low-power, flexible electronic applications.
Laboratory study on the suppression of smouldering peat wildfires: effects of flow rate and wetting agent
Authors: Santoso Muhammad A. , Cui Wuquan , Amin Hafiz M. F. , Christensen Eirik G. , Nugroho Yulianto S. , Rein Guillermo
Published: March 2021

The application of water, or water mixed with suppressants, to combat wildfires is one of the most common firefighting methods but is rarely studied for smouldering peat wildfire, which is the largest type of fire worldwide in term of fuel consumption. We performed experiments by spraying suppressant to the top of a burning peat sample inside a reactor. A plant-based wetting agent suppressant was mixed with water at three concentrations: 0% (pure water), 1% (low concentration), and 5% (high concentration), and delivered with varying flowrates. The results showed that suppression time decreased non-linearly with flow rate. The average suppression time for the low-concentration solution was 39% lower than with just water, while the high-concentration solution reduced suppression time by 26%. The volume of fluid that contributes to the suppression of peat in our experiments is fairly constant at 5.7 ± 2.1 L kg−1 peat despite changes in flow rate and suppressant concentration. This constant volume suggests that suppression time is the duration needed to flood the peat layer and that the suppressant acts thermally and not chemically. The results provide a better understanding of the suppression mechanism of peat fires and can improve firefighting and mitigation strategies.
Initiation of Nonmedical use of Prescription Opioids among High School Students
Authors: Deputy Nicholas P. , Lowry Richard , Clayton Heather B. , Demissie Zewditu , Bohm Michele K. , Conklin Sarah
Published: March 2021

Background

Nonmedical use of prescription opioids (NUPO) is associated with heroin use and other adverse outcomes among adolescents. To inform the timing of substance use prevention activities and which substances to target, we examined age at NUPO initiation, associations between substance use initiation and current (past 30-day) NUPO, and order of NUPO initiation relative to other substances.

Methods

Data from 2,834 students aged 15 or older participating in the 2017 Virginia Youth Survey, the first Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System survey to assess age at NUPO initiation and current NUPO, were analyzed in 2019. Students reported current NUPO and ages at initiation for cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana, and NUPO (categorized as 12 or younger, 13 or 14, 15 or older, or never). Associations between age at substance use initiation and current NUPO were examined using adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Overall, 12% of students reported lifetime NUPO, with 2.4%, 4.0%, and 5.6% initiating at 12 or younger, 13 or 14, and 15 or older, respectively; 5.3% reported current NUPO. Initiating cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana at each age category (compared with never) was associated with an increased prevalence of current NUPO after adjusting for demographics and initiation of other substances. Among students initiating NUPO, initiating NUPO at 12 or younger (compared with 15 or older) was associated with an increased prevalence of current NUPO after adjusting for demographics (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.10–2.16), but not after further adjustment for initiation of other substances (aPR = 1.38, 95% CI = 0.97–1.97). Among students initiating NUPO, 45.4% initiated NUPO before or during the same age as other substances.

Conclusions

More than 6% of students initiated NUPO at 14 or younger. Younger substance use initiation was associated with current NUPO, suggesting that some students may benefit from prevention activities during early adolescence that address multiple substances.
Dependence of blistering and deuterium retention on damage depth in damaged tungsten exposed to deuterium plasma
Authors: Wang Shiwei , Guo Wangguo , Cheng Long , Schwarz-Selinger Thomas , Liu Mi , Zhu Xiuli , Yuan Yue , Fu Engang , Lu Guang-Hong
Published: March 2021

The effect of different damage depth on blistering and deuterium (D) retention has been investigated in heavy-ion-damaged tungsten (W) with exposure to D plasma (40 eV, 1 × 1022 ions m−2 s−1) at 550 K. Different damage depths are realized via copper (Cu) ion irradiation with energies of 1, 3, and 6 MeV on W samples with the same calculated peak damage level of 0.5 dpa. The plasma-induced blister density reduces with increasing damage depth, which is explained based on the recently proposed dislocation nucleation mechanism of blistering. Comparison of D retention measured by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) reveals that retention at depths larger than 7.4 μm—which is far beyond the ion damage depth—increases with damage depth. Such a phenomenon indicates a gradual increase of diffusion flux inside the damaged sample with the increasing damage depth. It is suggested that it originates from the observed difference in blister density. Besides the widely acknowledged enhanced D retention due to ion damage, this work shows a strong impact of the damage depth on blistering such as the blister density, and by which the D diffusion flux inside W and total D retention are further affected.
Fragmenting complex network based on non-backtracking matrix
Authors: Yuan Rong-Hua , Tan Fu-Rui , Chen Wen-Zhou , Zhou Ming-Yang
Published: March 2021

Identifying the influential nodes to fragment a network is of significant importance in hindering the spread of epidemics and maximizing the influence of advertisements. Here, we address the problem by minimizing the largest eigenvalue of the non-backtracking matrices of networks, based on which a novel method is proposed to identify the optimal influential nodes. Interestingly, the proposed method could find some particular nodes to fragment complex networks. Experiments in real networks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Pressure filtration of the Newtonian fluid in the Darsi-Brinkman approximation through the horizontal porous rectangular channel with orthotropic anisotropy
Authors: Ryazhskikh V I , Konovalov D A , Kozhukhov N N , Ryazhskikh A V , Nikolenko A V , Portnov V V
Published: March 2021

We propose a mathematical model of the pressure flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in a porous horizontal channel with a rectangular cross section having an anisotropic structure described by an orthotropic tensor. The motion of the Newtonian fluid was assumed to be laminar (internal Reynolds number Re<50) and inertialess, as well as unidirectional along the axial direction of the porous channel, which allowed us to use the Darcy-Brinkman phenomenological equation, for which we formulated an initial-boundary-value problem, the solution of which we obtained analytically using a one-sided integral Laplace transformation and the finite integral Fourier transformation. A comparative analysis with known experimental data showed the correctness of the physical linearization of the Darcy-Brinkman equations. We show that mathematically filtering in a porous isotropic and anisotropic layer is described identically. The difference is in the values of the Darcy numbers, which characterize the internal structure of the granular layers.
Numerical simulation of the hydrodynamics of the flow of a heat carrier in a flat channel filled with an anisotropic porous medium
Authors: Ryazhskikh V I , Konovalov D A , Kozhukhov N N , Ryazhskikh A V , Nikolenko A V , Troshin A Yu
Published: March 2021

The results of numerical simulation of the laminar flow in a porous layer, which is a special case of an anisotropic medium – an orthotropic medium – are presented. The influence of one of the characteristics of an orthotropic medium, an angle determining the direction of anisotropy, is estimated. For this, the permeability tensor in the form of a diagonal matrix was used in the calculations. The effect of flow parameters and characteristics of the porous medium on the velocity profile and hydraulic resistance is shown.
Simplification of null method measurement system to build a standalone DC voltage standard traceability system in the SNSU - BSN electrical metrology laboratory
Authors: Sardjono R H
Published: March 2021

Since 1987, electrical laboratory of SNSU was built a traceability capability of DC voltage unit from PJVS up to two Multifunction Calibrator instruments. Therefore, the dissemination accuracy was performed gradually from PJVS to two multifunctions calibrator through a standard cell instrument. The two units of multifunction calibrators instruments are used as working standards instrument and should be maintained its traceability. One of the multifunction calibrator (MCS) instrument that is traceable to the standard cell instrument will be disseminated it accuracy to the other multifunction calibrator (MCU) instrument was done in these research. A potentiometer principle was basically used as a subtractor system that subtract the MCS value from the MCU value. Uncertainty analysis is carried out in this paper to validate the characteristics of the method against the NULL method based on the error number (En) reaching -0.1
Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates of spherically symmetric solutions in theories of gravity
Authors: Romadani A , Rosyid M F
Published: March 2021

Understanding the missing matter problem in cosmological phenomena and scales of astrophysical is usually studied by modifying general relativity theory. In this article, we formulated the Kruskal-Szekeres coordinate of vacuum modified gravity model inf(R)theory. The generalization of the field equation was obtained by generalizing Hilbert-Einstein’s action with gravitational Lagrangian in terms off (r)function. By consider a special class off(R)theory by takingR = R0, we found the solution of static spherically symmetric spacetime that was known as de Sitter-Schwarzschild spacetime. The transformation rules were constructed from Kruskal-Szekeres coordinates inf (r)theory of modified general relativity to the Kruskal-Szekeres coordinate in general relativity theory. Forλ≈ 0, the Schwarzschild and Kruskal-Szekeres metric for static spherically symmetric onf (r)theory reduced to the standard Schwarzschild and Kruskal-Szekeres metric on general relativity. We also show the spacetime structure of de Sitter-Schwarzschild and Kruskal-Szekeres coordinate. This work could open a promising way to understand some features of a black hole in thef (r)theory of gravity.
Development of instruments to measuring feasibility of context-based videos of sound
Authors: Desnita  , Festiyed  , Marsa P B , Novisya D , Hamida S
Published: March 2021

This study was aim to produce a valid instrument that can measure the quality of the context-based video of the sound. Instruments that had been developed include: physics learning expert validation instrument, physicist validation instruments, linguist validation instruments, teacher practicality instruments, student practicality instruments, critical thinking skills instruments, creative thinking skills instruments, collaboration skills instruments, and communication skills instruments both oral and writing. This research uses the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages. Data analysis for validity refers to the Aiken’s V coefficient where the instrument is valid if it is validity coefficient ≥ 0.6. The validation coefficient given by the expert for each instrument is as follows: the learning physics instrument 0.90, the physicist validation instrument was 0.91, the linguist validation instrument was 0.77, the teacher practicality instrument was 0.97, the student practicality instrument was 0, 87, instruments of critical thinking skills of 0.91, instruments of creative thinking skills of 0.93, instruments of collaboration skills of 0.99, instruments of oral communication skills of 0.98, and instruments of written communication skills of 0.90. All of instruments are valid, so the instrument can be used to measure the quality of the instructional video of sound.
Analysis of elements in Cocoa seeds (Theobroma cacao L.) using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Ajrina H , Yuza N , Lahna K , Ramli M , Suliyanti M M , Idris N
Published: March 2021

Cocoa seeds well known contains many antioxidant, thus it is really useful to human health. The elemental content of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) was examined using LIBS. The Cocoa seed was collected from Pidie Jaya Regency in the special autonomy region of Aceh, Indonesia. The examination was carried out is using LIBS using an Nd-YAG laser (Q-Smart 850 model, 1064 nm, 5.5 ns, 10 Hz). The laser energy was varied from 12 mJ to 70 mJ. The tested cocoa is dried first, mashed and shaped into pellets with a radius of 3 cm and a thickness of 0.5 cm. The laser beam was focused on the pellet surface under air surrounding gas. The surrounding gas pressure was also varied. The emission spectrum was acquired for various experimental conditions. It was found in the recorded emission spectrum that many inorganic elements can clearly be detected such as Al, Mg, Mn, Ca, K, P, Fe, Cu and also main organic elements such as H, C, N, and O. The emission spectrum is dominated by the organic elements of C, H, O and N. The emission spectrum features changes with energy and surrounding gas pressure. The plasma characteristics in term of temperature and electron number density was examined. This results shows that the minor and trace elements can detected be detected clearly along with main organic element in the cocoa seeds using the emerging analytical tool of LIBS.
Development of student worksheet to improve creative and critical thinking ability of students in causalitic-learning model
Authors: Harwati K , Rokhmat J
Published: March 2021

The causalitic learning model is a learning model and is designed based on a causalitic thinking approach (causality and analytics). Based on the research results, the causal learning model can be used as an alternative learning model that facilitates the ability to think critically, creatively, solve problems, and increase student learning motivation. The purpose of writing is to develop learning tools (student worksheets) to improve the critical and creative thinking skills of junior high school students in learning the causalitic model. The research method used is 4D which consists of 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and design. The results of this research is a special design of student-worksheets for physics learning with a causalitic-model for the material of heat and temperature for the student of junior high schools. Conclusion The resulting worksheets have unique characteristics such as loading phenomena with several elements of cause and effect, recommending the content of phenomena related to daily life, having a causality table, having space for explanations, using scaffolding, using language that is short, clear, easy to understand. understand, and use companion images of the phenomenon.
One-Hadron-Exchange K−p interaction model in nonrelativistic energy region
Authors: Fadhlurahman H , Salam A , Fachruddin I
Published: March 2021

A nonrelativistic K−p interaction model is derived as one-hadron-exchanges. The exchanged particles are the scalar meson, the vector mesons, the hyperons, and the resonances Λ*(1600),Σ*(1385). The models parameters are determined by fitting to experimental data of spin-averaged differential cross section for kaon laboratory energy range of 51.27 MeV up to 376.87 MeV. We use a 3D technique without partial wave expansion to calculate K−p scattering.
Design of electrical impedance tomography for biomedicine
Authors: Ain K , Ulum M F , Choridah L , Mukhaiyar U , Garnadi A D , Setyawan N H , Ariwanto B
Published: March 2021

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) has an advantage than another imaging systems in the medical field, they are safe, fast, and simple. The role of EIT is promising, so that it is necessary to develop electrical impedance tomography devices, especially in the biomedical field. we have successfully constructed a multi-frequency EIT system for biomedicine consisting of an oscillator, buffer, VCCS (voltage controlled current source), mux-demux, differential amplifiers based on Arduino Mega. The system succesfully has been tested to produce an image of conductors, insulators, and animal organs so that suitable for biomedical field.
Electron-photon interaction in monolayer antimonene
Authors: Layton R , Cahaya A B , Nugraha A R T , Majidi M A
Published: March 2021

Recent experimental and theoretical studies on two-dimensional (2D) antimonene revealed that this material is expected to be a potential semiconductor for optoelectronics applications. Using first-principle density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we verify that the so-called α-phase monolayer antimonene is a direct-gap semiconductor. Its optoelectronic properties are then described in terms of electron-photon interaction. Within the dipole approximation, the dipole vectors and the oscillator strength of the electron-photon interaction in monolayer antimonene were calculated. It has been found that the optical transition at a certain electronic wave vector can be analyzed according to the value and direction of the dipole vectors. This work will be important to further obtain the optical absorption spectra of monolayer antimonene for various light polarization.
Temperature, pressure, relative humidity and rainfall sensors early error detection system for automatic weather station (AWS) with artificial neural network (ANN) backpropagation
Authors: Wellyantama P , Soekirno S
Published: March 2021

To improve the quality and quantity of meteorological data over Indonesia, Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency of Indonesia (BMKG) is continuously developing automatic weather observations. BMKG has 63 units Automatic Weather Station (AWS) and 165 units Automatic Weather Observation System (AWOS) both inside and outside the BMKG Station environment. To make the control of sensor conditions easier, especially for temperature, pressure, relative humidity, and rainfall sensors, an additional system is needed to monitor and warn when problems occur with these sensors. The correlation among weather parameters data is the key to monitoring the sensor condition, these data are going to be trained and tested with the Artificial neural network (ANN) method. Then, the sensor condition (normal or error indicated) can be well detected based on AWS’s data. The quality improvement of automatic weather station data is expected to increase the utilization of the data.
A comparative study of temperature dependent impedance analysis for AFe0.97Zr0.03O3 (A = La, Bi) compounds
Authors: Iqbal A A M , Triyono D , Aflahannisa  , Purnamasari I
Published: March 2021

The interest of LaFeO3 among perovskite inorganic materials increased tremendously due to their applicability ranging from chemical sensors, electrode material, etc. In previous studies, Bi-doped in La site improved the electrochemical performance and reduced the interfacial polarization resistance. Zr doped in the Fe site also improves electrical properties. In this study, LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 and BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3 material have been successfully synthesized using the sol-gel method to observe the morphology and electrical properties in several temperatures. Characterization of the material was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra (EDX), and Impedance Spectroscopy (IS). SEM results represent the non-uniform grain distribution morphology with estimated size to be 147 nm and 204 nm for LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 and BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3, respectively. EDX characterization shows that the material is only composed of its constituent elements. The Impedance spectroscopy data show that BiFe0.97Zr0.03O3 better than LaFe0.97Zr0.03O3 in electrical properties because Bismuth ferrite (BiFe0.97ZrxO3) has multiferroics properties.
Student score and responses to the analogy approach in learning physics in terms of gender and parents’ work
Authors: Sahidu H , Susilawati  , Zuhdi M , Rokhmat J
Published: March 2021

This study aims to identify the types of analogy approaches required in learning physics and analyze physics scores of students based on gender and parent’s occupation. This research uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data is in the form of primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire, while secondary data were from a teacher. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were collected using an open questionnaire. Quantitative analysis use using non-parametric statistics (Mann-Whitney) with the help of IBM SPSS version 24, while qualitative analysis is descriptive. The results of the study (with a significance of 0.05) showed that gender (sig.-value = 0.584 for PA and 0.874 for physical grades, greater than 0.05) and the type of work of parents (sig.-value = 0.303 for PA and 0.528 for physics scores, greater than 0.05) did not affect student responses about the analogy approach and to the students’ physics scores. Meanwhile, the the open questionnaire results generally stated that the students were happy, interesting, motivated, easier, clearer, more meaningful, more understanding of concepts, effective, and efficient in learning physics. The recommendation is that this analogy approach needs to be developed on other physics concepts and implemented in physics learning.
Radiation damage study on graphite from multiple cascade events in molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Husnayani I , Majidi M A
Published: March 2021

Graphite is one kind of materials commonly used in nuclear reactor as neutron moderator and structural material. During the nuclear reactor operation, graphite is bombarded with high dose of radiation, especially neutron. This condition can cause damage to the graphite’s crystal structure which then leads to the change of the graphite’s physical properties. The alteration of graphite properties is undesirable since it affects the operation and limits the lifetime of nuclear reactor. In this research, radiation-induced damages on graphite were investigated using molecular dynamic simulation. Reactive force-field potential was employed as the interatomic potential in a simulation box containing about five hundred thousand carbon atoms. The first cascade was initiated using primary knock-on atom having kinetic energy of 1 keV. Following the first cascade, multiple cascades were performed in the same simulation box to represent the long-term neutron irradiation on graphite and to observe the effect of this cascade repetition on defect production. The cascade simulation was performed at two variation of temperature. The number of defects was identified using coordination number analysis. It was found that the effect of temperature to the number of defects produced is not significant, while the repetition of cascade does increase the number of defects produced at the end of the cascade simulation.
Cervical single cell of squamous intraepithelial lesion classification using shape features and extreme learning machine
Authors: Riries R , Winarno  , Asiah C N , Putri A Y , Suksmono A B , Sitanggang I S , Setiawan N A , Rahaju A S , Kusumastuti E H
Published: March 2021

Cervical cancer is an abnormal growth of cells found on the cervix. In general, cervical cancer is identified early by doing a pap smear test. However, this examination is still manually performed by doctors and the results are still subjective. Therefore, this study aims to determine the classification of Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion automatically from cervical single cells. The classification of those Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion includes normal cervical cells, Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL), and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL). We used Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) as a classifier and tried to compare the ELM’s performances with Backpropagation Neural Network method. We used 225 data and 3 classes include normal, LSIL, and HSIL. The classification was carried out by manual cropping and segmentation as the image pre-processing and the feature extraction was based on shape features consisting of Circularity, Semi Major and Minor Axis Length, Equivalent Diameter, Average Radius, and Compactness. This study concluded that Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion classification by using ELM had better performances than Backpropagation Neural Network. The highest accuracy result of 96.67% was obtained in Backpropagation training, while the highest accuracy in ELM’s training was 100% when both methods were tried by using 225 data.
Relationship of solar activity with magnetosphere and ionosphere disturbance during Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Event on September 6, 2017
Authors: Wirma S L , Marzuki  , Afrizal
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the magnitude of the disturbance due to CME on September 6, 2017, in the magnetosphere and ionosphere, then compare its effect at high, middle, and low latitudes. The data used are the daily variation of the H component geomagnetic and the ionogram, representing low latitude. Geomagnetic storms are indicated by the intensity of the H component of the earth’s magnetic field experiencing a very significant decrease reaching -250 nT, while ionosphere storms are indicated by an increase in the critical frequency the F2 layer by 14.1 MHz. As a comparison at each latitude, the magnitude of geomagnetic disturbance is represented by the K index. High latitudes have a K index greater than those at middle and low latitudes. Low latitude produces a smaller K index among other latitudes whose magnitude has strengthened the Dst index. The K index at high latitudes is 9, the K index at middle latitudes and low latitudes is 7. Based on the K index values at all latitudes, the northern hemisphere’s high latitudes are categorized as extreme storms, and the northern hemisphere mid-latitudes and low latitudes are categorized as strong storms.
Bioenergy knowledge, perception and attitude among students at Jambi state senior high school
Authors: Nazarudin  , Hasibuan M P H , Haryadi B , Nurhayati  , Ulyarti  , Hadiyanto
Published: March 2021

Bioenergy is one of the renewable energies which is predicted to be a main energy in the next few years. It can play the important role to change the current fossil fuel-based energy into a green energy which has a low carbon footprint. A research about how to develop a bioenergy have been done by a lot of reseacher. However, especially in Indonesia, there is just few research to study about bioenergy from societal aspects poin of view such as the understanding and awarness of bioenergy among citizens. In this research, we have investigated senior high school students’ knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes interconected to bioenergy with online survery. The survey instrument used in the study was adopted from P. Halder’s study. The data was collected from students at senior high school th (SMAN 10) Jambi City. The results showed that the students awareness of bioenergy perceived from school, home, and social media have significant effects on their knowledge, perceptions and attitudes related to bioenergy. Among 211 students as respondent (N), we found 70.62% believe that they understand well the concept about bioenergy, 5.21% believe that they understand it very well, and the rest believe that they do not understand it. This understanding reflects to their willingness to use a bioenergy in their daily life, in which 71.70% respondents agree to use bioenergy, 25.47% respondents can not decide, and only 2.83% do not want to use it. To find the relationship among the variables, a multiple regression was conducted. A statistical analysis showed that the model for knowledge as a function of attitudes and perception does not fit the data therefore this model is rejected. However, both model for attitudes as function of perception and knowledge, and also perception as function of attitudes and knowldeges fit the data hence the models are accepted. In other words, attitudes of students who will use/not use bioenergy, is significantly affected by their perception about bioenergy.
Growth of TiO2:Au thin films on Si substrates by Spin coating method
Authors: Supriyanto E , Subekti A , Prasetya D S B
Published: March 2021

Thin titanium dioxide: gold (TiO2:Au) films are grown on n-type Si(100) substrates by spin coating, using 97% pure titanium (IV) isopropoxide [TTIP, Ti(O(C3H7)4] as a metal-organic precursor and powdered gold oxide (Au2O3) as a dopant. The Au2O3was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O) to a concentration of 0.2 M, and this was then mixed with the TTIP in a 1:4 ratio. This experiment used a TTIP buffer layer to reduce lattice mismatch between the substrate and the film. The growth temperature was varied from 400°C to 550°C with an interval of 50 °C during deposition of TiO2:Au films, in which the experimental results show that the grown film exhibited rutile (002) (R (002)) crystal planes for all temperature conditions. In addition, while the films were grown at a temperature of 400 °C and 450 °C showed anatase (211) planes, the layers realized with a temperature of 450°C and 550°C exhibited rutile (200) planes. Increasing the amount of Au incorporation within a film will decrease its bandgap energy. The 500°C films showed a crystalline domain size in the R (002) plane of around 20.38 nm, making it a promising candidate base material for use in carbon monoxide (CO) gas sensors.
Study Faraday Effect on Optical Properties for Polymers Blend Doping Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Hasan Z. A. , Nemah S. S.
Published: March 2021

The metal nanoparticles ( NPs ) so as ferromagnetic ( FM) Polymers is given to nanostructures importance in many electro-optics devices, a base work for these devices is depend on Faraday effect. In this study the Faraday effect use a magnetic field, this effect is clearly a appear through of the results.
Using Logistic Regression Model to Study the Most Important Factors Which Affects Diabetes for The Elderly in The City of Hilla / 2019
Authors: Al_Bairmani Zainab Abood Ahmed , Ismael Aasha Abdulkhleq
Published: March 2021

The aim of this paper is to study the most important factors affecting diabetes using the logistic regression method and to conduct all tests for this method (Hosmer and Lemeshow test, Omnibus tests of model coefficients, …etc.). The randomized sample included (150) people among the elderly in Al-Hilla city, the research included focusing on (14) independent variables and most of these variables were found to have significance, effect and contribution to the logistic regression - binary response (not sick(0), sick(1)) model are (4) variables (cigarette smoking, exercise, vitamin (D), blood pressure), Which affects diabetes, and the rest of the variables have no significance or effect. The classification of observations using logistic regression-binary response model was accurate, as the overall correct classification rate was (92.7%) while the overall wrong classification rate was (7.3%).
Histological Effect of Lead Chloride on The Brain of Gambusia Affinis
Authors: Alkshab Amal A. , Taha Ameer M.
Published: March 2021

Heavy material pollution is one of the most critical threats to fish stocks around the world. Lead is one of the essential heavy elements that directly or indirectly affect fish. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of sublethal concentration of lead chloride PbCl2 on the brain of Gambusia affinis. For this purpose, 90 fish were used, which were divided into nine groups, each group containing ten fish. They divided into a control group, the acute treatment groups included four groups exposed to concentrations of 20 and 25 mg/L of PbCl2 for 24 and 96 hours, respectively. At the same time, the chronic treatment included four groups exposed to concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L of PbCl2 for 15 and 30 days, respectively. The results showed that there were histological lesions that appeared in all the treated fish compared to the control group. These lesions appeared in different degrees of concentration and duration of use. Among the most prominent of these tissue changes that were repeated in the treatments were degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, necrosis, hemorrhage, congestion and oedema as well as disintegration between different brain tissues. The study concluded that lead chloride has a very harmful effect on brain tissues and that chronic exposure leads to irreversible histological lesions.
Encrypting A 7.88ghz Frequency Message Within A Chaotic Carrier by Optical Feedback
Authors: Hemed Ayser A. , Ackemann Thorsten , Kbashi Hani J. , Chead Baha T.
Published: March 2021

A new laser system is suggested and experimentally verified as a chaotic transmitter for a secure optical communication system. The laser source kind is a distributed feedback with a peak wavelength 1310nm and maximum power 5mW. A doubly external cavity with 85cm of length is constructed via air.

Chaotic signal is achieved successfully after the laser reach of coherence collapse, with a very wide band spectrum (12GHz). This value is capable to increase subjecting to several parameters based on optical feedback (OFB) such as laser current operating level, beam focusing, polarization control, etc. In order to test a message hiding possibility, a frequency message is modulated directly into the laser, which is connected with the laser source using a bias tee. For the free running (solitary) semiconductor laser, the maximum available direct current modulation is: 3GHz/mA, while this value can be increased by this technique. This gives the possibility for very high modulation values and increasing data package volume that can send securely in the applications that requires immunity.
A Comparative Study of Image Steganography Based on Edge Detection
Authors: Jasim Albayati Huda Abdul Wahid , Ali Suhad A.
Published: March 2021

Information security has become the main concern of the most famous researchers and the focus of their attention, as they are constantly trying to find the best and safest ways to transfer information through a secure tunnel to protect it from hacking attempts and common attacks on the Internet and in this research, we tried to embody one of the methods of security in protecting data. In this study, a new approach to masking information based on the incorporation of LSB replacement mechanism and edge detection is proposed. To avoid HVS mining when more covert bits are included in pixels, we classify cover pixels into edge regions and non-edge regions. Then, the pixels belonging to the edge region are used to transmit more secret bits. In addition, to increase the load as well as maintain good image quality, we adopt a clever method in which the edge information is identified by the most important bits (MSBs) of the cover image so that it does not need to be stored. At the extraction stage, the same edge information is obtained. Therefore, confidential data can be extracted correctly without confusion. Experimental results prove that our scheme achieves a much higher payload and better optical quality than that of the latest technology.
A Review on Arabic Sign Language Translator Systems
Authors: Mohammed R. M. , Kadhem S. M.
Published: March 2021

Deaf and dumb peoples are suffering difficulties most of the time in communicating with society. They use sign language to communicate with each other and with normal people. But Normal people find it more difficult to understand the sign language and gestures made by deaf and dumb people. Therefore, many techniques have been employed to tackle this problem by converting the sign language to a text or a voice and vice versa. In recent years, research has progressed steadily in regard to the use of computers to recognize and translate the sign language. This paper reviews significant projects in the field beginning with important steps of sign language translation. These projects can be classified according to the use of an input device into image-based and device-based. Image-based is used the traditional methods of image processing and features extraction, by using a digital camera such as a webcam. Device-based uses different devices like (Microsoft Kinect sensor, electronic glove and leap motion controller). These devices are used to reduce the time of both image processing and extraction features. Then the accuracy rates of using device-based are ranged between in 90%-99% where the accuracy rates of using image-based are ranged between 85%-93%.
A Novel Culture Medium Using Lettuce Plant (Lactuca Sativa) For Detection of Pullulanase Production by Paenibacillus Macerans Isolated from Agricultural Wastes
Authors: Muslim S. N. , Mohammed Ali A. N. , Fayyad R. J.
Published: March 2021

Pullulinase is an enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of pullulin forming maltotriose, panose and maltooligosaccharides that have a great prominence owing to their prospective use in medication, drink, diet and fine chemical industries. Because of the production of this enzyme is too expensive and characterized with low yield, there is a growing need to create a substrate to make the total process cheaper and more creative. In this study, the authors have reported pullulanase production from Paenibacillus macerans. Six isolates of Paenibacillus macerans were isolated from soil and agricultural wastes samples and screened for higher pullulanase production, Paenibacillus macerans isolated from second sample of wheat husk was gave superior inhibition zone around the colony as compared with other tested isolates. The activity of pullulanase was raised to 9.83U/ml when this strain was grown under the optimal conditions including using basal medium containing 1% (w/v) dried leaves of lettuce and 2% (w/v) peptone at pH 6, temperature of 50°C, inoculums size of 1.5 ml for 72 hour. The pullulanase exhibited highest activity (6.80U/ml) and (6.43U/ml) in presence of lettuce. Lettuce has aptitude as an efficient and economically suitable as compared with traditionally used substrates as pure pullulin and other types of saccharides.