bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stosunek biskupa Józefa Kazimierza Kossakowskiego do reform polityczno-prawnych w Polsce doby stanisławowskiej
Authors: Koredczuk Józef
Published: October 2022

Józef Kazimierz Kossakowski is one of the best-known figures in the Polish ecclesiastical hierarchy, but, regrettably, he is also one of the most critically assessed. Being exceptionally gifted, he used his talents exclusively for personal and family benefits. Having great political aspirations, he tied their fulfillment with the support of Russia, its successive ambassadors in Warsaw (especially Otto Stackelberg, to whom he owed much). He became a supporter of Russia’s interests in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, remaining such until his death, one of the most subservient Polish politicians towards the Russian ambassadors. The decisions made by Kossakowski in 1772–1781 influenced the gradation of his future goals. After he became Bishop of Livonia he took a seat in the Senate, with an increasingly important role in it. His activism increased in particular as the Four-Year Sejm began its deliberations. Despite his seemingly good relations with the King, he vehemently opposed all proposals for reform, revealing his exceptionally adamant stance in this regard. As a senator, he spoke out against the reform party and the Constitution of 3 May 1791, because, like his family, he belonged to the fanatical proponents of gentry republicanism. He was among the most active leaders of the political opposition, flooding the country with hundreds of political writings opposing the reforms of the Four-Year Sejm. Appeals for respecting the rights of the people and reform of laws made for the government were a constant theme of Kossakowski’s arguments, who repeatedly opposed the bills for new laws which he had the chance to work on while he was a senator. His anti-reform stance intensified during the period of the Targowica Confederation and the Sejm of Grodno. During this time, the Livonian bishop and his brother Szymon practically ruled Lithuania, committing many violations. The result of the Kossakowski brothers’ policies, wanting full state hegemony in Lithuania, was also the aspiration expressed at the Sejm of Grodno for the complete separation of the Grand Duchy from the Crown. The dramatic events that led to the collapse of the Polish state, which were undoubtedly the single strongest highlight in Kossakowski’s life, determined his posthumous infamy, which primarily consisted of his personal traits. In terms of the two-facedness peculiar for the Kossakowski family, the Livonian bishop exceeded them all.
Polonizacja nazewnictwa ulic, placów i mostów we Wrocławiu. Etap I, rok 1945. Analiza źródłowa
Authors: Kruszewski Tomasz
Published: October 2022

Over the centuries, Wrocław (Breslau) had become a German city, alien to the Poles. In 1945, the Polonization of names was one of the most important undertakings. The changes were applied slowly (perhaps more names could have been translated), but demons of war dictated that Germanness should be erased. The research describes preserved legal acts from 1945, concerning the process of changing the names of German streets, squares and bridges in Wrocław. The study focuses on the figure of the lawyer Andrzej Jochelson. I have never asked Jochelson (the initiator of streets’ naming alteration) why, as a pioneer, he decided to focus on the Polonization of local naming. Jochelson was involved in this process until his death as a long-term head of the Committee of Street Naming of the Society of Wrocław Enthusiasts.

In 1945, 552 names were changed, of which less than half (248) were continuations, in which category I include four types: translations, re-establishing of old names, introducing new names connected with the location of the street, and changing names of commanders from German to Polish ones.
Ficha Técnica AMP33(1) - Janeiro 2020
Authors: Editorial2 Departamento
Published: October 2022

N/a.
Immediate and long-term effects of a perceptual training in the production of word-initial /s/-clusters in Brazilian Portuguese/English interphonology
Authors: Bettoni Melissa
Published: October 2022

The present study aimed at investigating effects of perceptual training in the production of word-initial /s/-clusters in Brazilian Portuguese/English interphonology. The hypotheses proposed that there would be improvement in production after training and that such improvement would also be found in an eight-month follow-up test and in a twelve-year follow-up test. Also, it was hypothesized that the production of /s/+sonorants would remain more problematic than the production of /s/+stops after training. Twenty-three Brazilians who spoke English as a foreign language at a minimum B1 level of proficiency participated in the study. Eight of them were assigned to a control group. The fifteen remaining participants took a test consisting of reading tasks and an interview before and after an identification perceptual training following a high variability approach. Eight months later, eight participants from the experimental group took a follow-up test with the same tasks from pre- and posttests. Twelve years later one participant took another follow-up test. Results indicated that production of word-initial /s/-clusters improved significantly right after training and that the improvement was also found in both eight-month and twelve-year follow-up tests even for clusters which had not been trained. /s/+sonorants remained more problematic than /s/+stops and voicing was found to be more persistent than other mispronunciations of word-initial /s/-clusters. The transfer of improvement from perception to production may indicate that there is a common mental representation underlying both domains and that changes in production performance may reflect changes in mental representation of non-native targets.
Female Renal Donors: Impact of Donation on Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life
Authors: Gaur Vikas , Chopra Geetika
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Donating one’s kidney can be a complicated psychological experience. This study was designed to evaluate and compare anxiety, depression and quality of life of married female renal donors during the pre and post donation phase. Methods: In this prospective longitudinal observational study, 39 consecutive female renal donors were assessed using PHQ-9, HAM-A and the WHO QoL-Bref Questionnaire 2 weeks before and 3 months after kidney donation. Results: The mean age of female kidney donors was 41.74 ± 8.85. After donation, prevalence of depression increased from 43.59 % (n = 17) to 53.84 % (n = 21), (t(38) = -2.089, p = 0.04) while prevalence of anxiety in donors increased from 58.97 (n = 23) to 69.23 % (n = 27) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (t(38) = 2.47, p = 0.01). Kidney transplantation resulted in a significant decrease in overall perception score of WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire. (t(38) = 3.504, p = 0.001), overall perception score of health (t(38) = 3.504, p = 0.001), physical domain (t(38) = 4.180, p = 0.000) and psychological domain (t(38) = 2.469, p = 0.018) after donation. There were no significant changes in the social relationship (t(38) = -0.80, p = 0.936) and environmental health domain scores (t(38) = 0.991, p = 0.328). On multiple regression analysis, presence of pre-transplant depression was independently associated with overall score of WHOQOL-Bref Questionnaire (β = -0.14, p = 0.002), perception of health (β = -0.08, p = 0.001), physical health (β = -1.91, p = 0.08) and psychological health (β = -2.57, p = 0.02). Pre-transplant anxiety was negatively related to overall perception of health (β = -0.08, p = 0.01), physical health (β = -2.05, p = 0.01) and psychological health (β = -1.94, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Significant reduction in quality of life, perception of health, physical health and psychological domain of female renal donors was observed after donation.
Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test in Differentiating Between Left and Right Lesions Caused by Brain Tumors and Stroke
Authors: Galić Slavka , Matešić Krunoslav , Vuković Borislav
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to examine whether the ROCF qualitative scoring system developed by Loring, Lee and Meador for differentiating complex partial seizures originating from either the right or left temporal lobe is effective in differentiating left-sided and right-sided brain lesions that are the result of cerebrovascular insult or brain tumours. We were also interested in determining whether this scoring system, which was developed for scoring trials with delayed recall, could be applied to trials with immediate recall and copying. The study consisted of 24 participants with lesions of the left hemisphere and 33 participants with right-sided lesions. Participants with right-sided lesions had a significantly greater number of qualitative errors in copying, immediate and delayed recall, and these three variables are the major contributors in distinguishing between groups. Based on these variables and quantitative results on copying, immediate and delayed recall, we were able to correctly classify 78.3 % of participants with left-sided lesions and 66.7 % of participants with right-sided lesions. Given that more than 90 % of participants with left-sided lesions had two or more errors in delayed recall, it is clear that the criterion of two or more errors which was set by Loring, Lee and Meador for patients with a right-sided focus in epilepsy is not applicable to patients with tumours and strokes. These results do not confirm the usefulness of qualitative errors for distinguishing left-sided and right-sided lesions caused by a tumour or stroke, except, perhaps, in cases of very high results (six or more errors) and when one of these errors is error X in immediate and/or delayed recall.
The Relationship Between Appearance Satisfaction and Self-Esteem Among High School Students in Eastern Croatia
Authors: Holik Dubravka , Milostić Srb Andrea , Dumenčić Boris , Bosnić Zvonimir , Popić Bruno , Trtica Majnarić Ljiljana
Published: October 2022

Due to the imposition of social media, a large number of adolescents face problems related to physical appearance and social contact. The research objectives were to examine the degree of satisfaction of high school students in Eastern Croatia, Vinkovci, regarding their physical appearance and self-esteem based on their gender, type of high school and the differences in socioeconomic status. The study was designed as a cross-sectional research and included 278 students from medical schools and high schools. Data was collected using a survey on the demographic and socio-economic status of participants. The Body Image Questionnaire was used in a modified and validated version in Croatia and contained fourteen questions to examine the level of satisfaction with the body image. Using Rosenberg’s ten-question test, the level of self-esteem was examined. The Median age of students was 18 years. The female students in high school were significantly more concerned about their physical appearance than the male students in the same school (χ² = 23.6, p < 0.001). The linear correlation between the degree of satisfaction regarding physical appearance and self-esteem confirmed the association between body image satisfaction and gender of students in medical schools (r = 0,157; p = 0,04) and students in high school (r = 0,371; p < 0,001). Adolescents in this region of Croatia are not overly concerned about their physical appearance despite relatively decreased self-esteem. Alcohol consumption has proven to be a big problem especially for high school students, which can be a result of stress due to maintaining excellent grades.
Teknik Mindfulness Dan Kecemasan Perempuan Sebagai Aparat Sipil Negara
Authors: Aji Santoso Bayu , Rizky Rinaldi Martaria
Published: October 2022

The dual role of women who work as civil servants and become mothers can cause anxiety. Anxiety management is needed in order to be optimal in carrying out the role. This study aims to determine the effect of mindfulness techniques on anxiety in mothers who work as civil servants in Sumbawa Besar City. This research is a quasi-experimental quantitative research with a non-random pretest-posttest control group design. The sampling technique used nonrandom purposive, the subjects in this study were 13 people. Data collection in this study used the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skill as a check manipulation. Data analysis used Mann – Whitney U Test (Z=-2.164, p<0.050), and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks (Z=-2.384, p<0.050). This shows that mindfulness techniques are effective in reducing anxiety in mothers who work as civil servants.
Mama Training: Pelatihan Emotional Intelligence Untuk Meningkatkan Self-Regulation Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Nasruddin Dedi , Hariyanto V. Heru
Published: October 2022

The task of the teachers in addition to educating students, they also have a standard of achieving performance targets given by the school. The heavy workload makes the need for good self-regulation on the individual. Self-regulation is related to a series of planning actions that are directed towards realizing the achievement of targets that can improve performance. This training brings emotional intelligence as a variable that can improve self-regulation in elementary primary school teachers. The research design is a one group pre-posttest experimental design. The number of participants who took part in the training was 13 people. The results of this study show that there is a positive correlation of emotional intelligence in improving self-regulation in elementary school teachers
Metabolic regulation of immune responses to cancer
Authors: Wißfeld Jannis , Werner Anke , Yan Xin , ten Bosch Nora , Cui Guoliang
Published: October 2022

The tumor microenvironment is an ecosystem composed of multiple types of cells, such as tumor cells, immune cells, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer cells grow faster than non-cancerous cells and consume larger amounts of nutrients. The rapid growth characteristic of cancer cells fundamentally alters nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment and results in reprogramming of immune cell metabolic pathways. Accumulating evidence suggests that cellular metabolism of nutrients, such as lipids and amino acids, beyond being essential to meet the bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands of immune cells, also regulates a broad spectrum of cellular signal transduction, and influences immune cell survival, differentiation, and anti-tumor effector function. The cancer immunometabolism research field is rapidly evolving, and exciting new discoveries are reported in high-profile journals nearly weekly. Therefore, all new findings in this field cannot be summarized within this short review. Instead, this review is intended to provide a brief introduction to this rapidly developing research field, with a focus on the metabolism of two classes of important nutrients—lipids and amino acids—in immune cells. We highlight recent research on the roles of lipids and amino acids in regulating the metabolic fitness and immunological functions of T cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discuss the possibility of “editing” metabolic pathways in immune cells to act synergistically with currently available immunotherapies in enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.
Tissue Injury and Leukocyte Changes in Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: Review of 2833 Post-acute Patient Outcomes per Immune Dysregulation and Microbial Translocation in Long COVID
Authors: Islam Md Sahidul , Wang Zhaoxiong , Abdel-Mohsen Mohamed , Chen Xin , Montaner Luis
Published: October 2022

A significant number of persons with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience persistent, recurrent, or new symptoms several months after the acute stage of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection. This phenomenon, termed Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) or Long COVID, is associated with high viral titers during acute infection, a persistently hyperactivated immune system, tissue injury by NETosis-induced micro-thrombofibrosis (NETinjury), microbial translocation, complement deposition, fibrotic macrophages, the presence of auto-antibodies, and lymphopenic immune environments. Here, we review the current literature on the immunological imbalances that occur during PASC. Specifically, we focus on data supporting common immunopathogenesis and tissue injury mechanisms shared across this highly heterogenous disorder including NETosis, coagulopathy, and fibrosis. Mechanisms include changes in leukocyte subsets/functions, fibroblast activation, cytokine imbalances, lower cortisol, autoantibodies, co-pathogen reactivation, and residual immune activation driven by persistent viral antigens and/or microbial translocation. Taken together, we develop the premise that SARS-CoV-2 infection results in PASC as a consequence of acute and/or persistent single or multiple organ injury mediated by PASC determinants to include degree of host response (inflammation, NETinjury), residual viral antigen (persistent antigen) and exogenous factors (microbial translocation). Determinants of PASC may be amplified by co-morbidities, age, and sex. Keywords: long COVID, PASC, long haulers, NETosis, T cell, NK cell, DC, neutrophil,
Social Laser as a Tool for Social Engineering with Illustration by COVID19 Protests, Pro-War and Anti-War Beaming
Authors: Khrennikov Andrei
Published: October 2022

This is a review on social laser theory completed with its new developments and applications. An important methodological step towards similarity with quantum physics is the invention and consistent operation with infons. These are excitations of the quantum social-information field carrying social energy and coarse grained content of communications (their color and quasi-color). We study in more detail interactions of infons with social atoms, the processes of absorption and emission (spontaneous and stimulated). We also analyze the dynamics of iterations of the cascades of infons in the social resonators. The latter are based on social networks coupled to laser's gain medium composed of social atoms. Consideration of the pro-war and pro-peace beams leads to the general discussion on the competing beams of social radiation and the conditions for their creation and coexistence. The role of social networks in lasing is illustrated by the protests during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is highlighted that a human gain medium can approach the state of population inversion with supply of infons of one sort (quasi-color), but the stimulated emission can be induced by injection into the gain medium of infons of a different quasi-color. We call this behavior of social atoms memorylessness. This theoretical property is illustrated with the examples from the modern social-political life.
Penguatan Keterampilan Interpersonal bagi Guru-Guru SMP Terbuka Mandiri Teuku Umar Baitul Maal Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Pramanik Purwanti Dyah , Maudiarti Santi , Enggriani Mimi
Published: October 2022

Teachers at SMP Terbuka Mandiri Baitul Maal Baitul Maal (Baitul Maal) have never attended training to develop their abilities. The number of teachers in SMP Baitul Maal is 7 (seven) teachers, ranging in age from 25 years to 40 years and non-teacher backgrounds. According to the Principal of SMP Baitul Maal, Mr. Edi Supriadi, the problems that occurred at SMP Baitul Maal included: (1) there was no opportunity to organize self-development programs; (2) teacher need to upgrade their communication techniques verbally to students in class; and (3) There is a need to improve skills in preparing fun presentation materials. The objectives of community service (PKM) are (1) to provide insights for SMP Baitul Maal  teachers to carry out self-development with the Johary Window concept; (2) train Baitul Maal SMP teachers to communicate well with students; and (3) train SMP Baitul Maal teachers in techniques for preparing fun presentation materials. The methods used are discussion, presentation, question and answer, and demonstration. The PKM achieved: (1) increasing teachers' insights for self-development of the Johary Window concept; (2) improving the skills of the teacher to communicate verbally with students, and (3) the teacher is able to prepare fun presentation material.

Keywords: human resource development; communication technique; training

Abstrak

Salah satu SMP yang berada di kota Tangerang Selatan dengan fasilitas yang sagat terbatas adalah SMP Terbuka Mandiri Teuku Umar Baitul Maal (SMP Baitul Maal).  Guru-guru di SMP Baitul Maal belum pernah mengikuti pelatihan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan mereka. Jumlah guru-guru di  SMP Baitul Maal sebanyak 7(tujuh) orang guru, dengan rentang usia 25 tahun sampai dengan 40 tahun dan latar belakang non-keguruan.  Menurut Kepala Sekolah SMP Baitul Maal, Bapak Edi Supriadi, masalah yang terjadi di SMP Baitul Maal antara lain:  (1) belum ada kesempatan menyelenggarakan program pengembangan diri.; (2) Perlu penyegaran tentang teknik berkomunikasi Guru-Siswa secara verbal dengan baik.; dan (3) Perlu peningkatan keterampilan dalam menyiapkan materi presentasi yang menyenangkan. Tujuan   pengabdian pada masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah (1) memberikan wawasan kepada guru-guru SMP Baitul Maal agar melakukan pengembangan diri dengan konsep Johary Window; (2) melatih guru-guru SMP Baitul Maal berkomunikasi secara verbal dan visual yang baik dengan siswa; dan (3) melatih guru-guru SMP Baitul Maal tentang teknik menyiapkan materi presentasi yang menarik. Metode yang digunakan adalah diskusi, presentasi, tanya jawab, dan demostrasi.  Hasil PKM yang dicapai adalah (1) peningkatan wawasan guru untuk melakukan pengembangan diri dengan konsep Johary Window; (2) peningkatan keterampilan guru berkomunikasi secara verbal dengan siswa, dan (3) guru mampu menyiapkan materi presentasi yang menyenangkan.

Kata Kunci: pengembangan sumber daya manusia; komunikasi; pelatihan
An Integrated Approach for History Matching of Complex Fracture Distributions for Shale Oil Reservoirs Based on Improved Adaptive Particle Filter
Authors: Zhao Guoxiang , Yao Yuedong , Zhang Tao , Wang Lian , Adenutsi Caspar Daniel , Nassar Nashaat N.
Published: October 2022

The application of horizontal well drilling technology and volume fracturing technique makes the economic development of shale oil reservoirs feasible. The unknown fracture networks lead to severe nonlinearity and high uncertainty during fracture characterization. Moreover, the reservoir parameters usually exhibit a highly non-Gaussianity. Therefore, the key challenges for history matching in fractured shale oil reservoirs are effectively representing the fracture network and coping with the non-Gaussian distribution of reservoir-model parameters. In this work, a new characterization method for complex fracture networks is established, in which the distribution of connected fractures of the reservoir domain is represented by some statistical parameters such as fracture dip angle, fracture azimuth, and fracture half-length and some deterministic parameters such as the coordinates of fracture center points. In the uncertainty quantification and history-matching process, an integrated approach that combines the particle filter and an improved kernel density estimation (KDE) based on its Shannon entropy (SE) for estimating fracture distributions and physical parameters is presented. An adaptive mechanism based on Kullback-Leibler divergence (KLD) is introduced in the proposed history matching workflow, which automatically adjusts the number of particles to reduce the computational burden. Two examples of 3D shale oil production were constructed to validate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. Results showed that the method was capable of capturing the main features of the fracture distributions in the reference cases. The proposed method has the potential to be applied in more complex cases such as multiple wells and multiphase flow.
Effect of blood pregnancy test time on IVF clinical outcomes in urine β-HCG-positive patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: KE XUE , Wang Fang , Lin Yong-hong
Published: October 2022

Background
To evaluate the optimal time of blood pregnancy test for urine beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG)-positive patients following embryo transfer.
Methods
A total of 1,106 women who underwent embryo transfer between January 2019 and December 2019 were divided into three groups based on the time of positive pregnancy test at the hospital: the ≤ 9 days group (n = 355), the 10–12 days group (n = 598), and the ≥ 13 days group (n = 153). Clinical pregnancy ratio, ectopic pregnancy rate, multiple pregnancy rate, early miscarriage rate, late pregnancy loss rate, live birth ratio, preterm birth rate, very preterm birth rate, gestational week of delivery, and congenital malformation rate of the three groups were compared.
Results
The time preference for pregnancy test was 10 days among patients with D3 embryo transfer and 11 days among those with blastocyst transfer. Patients in the ≥ 13 days group were older and had a higher proportion of previous childbirth(s). Patients in the ≤ 9 days group had a higher live birth ratio and a lower risk of early miscarriage than the other two groups; similar results were seen in a sensitivity analysis that excluded women aged over 35 years and those with previous childbirth(s). Nevertheless, no differences were observed in the clinical pregnancy ratio, ectopic pregnancy rate, late pregnancy loss rate, very preterm birth rate, gestational week of delivery, or congenital malformation rate for all ranges of pregnancy test time. The pregnancy test time to predict the early miscarriage and live birth based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was day 9 after embryo transfer. After excluding women aged over 35 years or those with previous childbirth(s), the optimal time to conduct pregnancy test based on ROC curve was day 9 or 10 after embryo transfer in predicting early miscarriage, the pregnancy test time to predict live birth should be conducted on day 9 after embryo transfer.
Conclusion
Patients with positive results for urine β-HCG after embryo transfer should receive blood pregnancy test on day 9–10 after embryo transfer, which probably facilitated the optimization of live birth.
SVAD: Stacked Variational Autoencoder Deep Neural Network -Based Dimensionality Reduction and classification of Small Sample Size and High Dimensional Data
Authors: Srivast Neha , tayal Devendra
Published: October 2022

The classification problem is a major concern in the field of computational biology, especially when there are many fewer samples than features. This is referred regarded as a "curse of dimensionality" problem caused by high-dimensional sample size problems. Many strategies for dimensionality reduction have been presented, however, they all have drawbacks when it comes to high-dimensional and small sample size (HDSSS) databases, such as large variance gradients and over-fitting issues. To address these issues, we suggested a variational autoencoder based deep neural network architecture that is dynamic and based on a mathematical foundation for unsupervised learning. The objective of this research is to propose a low-error classification algorithm for limited sample numbers and high-dimensional datasets. The study's innovation is that it guarantees the permissible dimension size regardless of reduction, in contrast to several previous approaches that typically reduce the dimension too heavily.The experimental findings reveal that the suggested method outperforms existing traditional methods such as RNN, CNN, and deep network architecture.
Ultrasonic Welding of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy and Pure Copper: Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zhao Dewang , Jiang Chao , Ren Daxin , Zhao Kunmin
Published: October 2022

Ultrasonic welding is known as "green welding manufacturing technology" because of its fast, energy-saving, clean and pollution-free technical characteristics. Therefore, ultrasonic welding technology has a wide application prospect in aerospace, automobile and other fields. In this study, ultrasonic welding between AZ31B magnesium and pure copper are carried out. The fracture, microstructure and tensile properties of the joint are studied, and its connection mechanism is analyzed. The finite element analysis model of magnesium-copper ultrasonic welding process is established. The analyses of test results show that the fracture mode of magnesium-copper ultrasonic welded joint is interface-type fracture. The joint strength reaches the maximum value of 3798 N. The ultrasonic connection between magnesium alloy and copper is mainly realized by the interface diffusion layer formed in the welding process. The main component of the interface diffusion layer is mg2cu. The growth trend of interface diffusion layer is revealed. The analyses of FEM results show that the heat is generated in the central area of the solder joint, and then transferred around. The maximum temperature at the interface can reach 550 ℃. The distribution law of temperature field and plastic deformation field of joint are revealed.
Design and simulation of a semiconductor detector-based Compton imaging system with efficiency analysis
Authors: niknami mostafa , Hosseini Seyed Abolfazl , Loushab Mahdy Ebrahimi
Published: October 2022

In recent years, Compton cameras that use electronic collimators have become common. One or more scatterer detectors and an absorber detector make up the Compton camera, which is sensitive to the energy and location of scattered gamma rays. It predicts the distribution of gamma-ray sources by reflecting all valid events in the image space using conical surfaces. Compton cameras are designed for specific applications and image reconstruction using various methods.
Based on studies on the efficiency of the Compton camera, the current work provides a novel detector design that includes scatterer and absorber detectors. This design includes eight scatterer detectors spaced 1 mm apart and an absorber detector 30 mm from the last scatterer detector. The distance between the source and the first scatterer detector was 5 mm. The scatterer and absorber detector plates were 70*70*2.125mm3 and 70*70*10mm3, respectively. The Compton imaging system is simulated using the GEANT4 toolkit.
In addition, this study uses an analytical method to reconstruct Compton camera images. The method used for analytical reconstruction in the Compton imaging system differs slightly from simple restoration methods used in other imaging systems. In the analytical method, the equation related to the data reflected by the image must be solved to reconstruct the image directly. This method, the C++ code was developed to reconstruct Compton camera images.
According to the results, using the analytical method to identify the best circumstances and the parameters impacting efficiency, the value of FWHM achieved was 3.7 mm with an angular uncertainty of about 2.7 at an energy of 0.662 MeV. Furthermore, the FWHM value decreased by 0.7 mm, compared to another (experimental) design that employed the analytical image reconstruction approach.
Hemiplegic Migraine as Cause For Motor Vehicle Collision: A Case Report
Authors: Esguerra Jody , Sherman Andrew , Bukovec Florian
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hemiplegic migraine (HM) is a rare, heterogenous form of migraine characterized by unilateral weakness. This motor aura can present with reversible visual, sensory, and language deficits. HM can be difficult to diagnose due to overlapping presentation with other complex conditions such as multiple sclerosis, seizure disorders, and transient ischemic attack (TIA).
Case Presentation: We describe a case of a 40 year old with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection who presented after a motor vehicle collision caused by HM consistent with left sided weakness and loss of consciousness.
Conclusions: To date, this is the first description of a patient with known complex migraines to have a motor vehicle collision as a result of HM. The risk of HM-associated neurologic symptoms while driving poses a significant public safety concern. We suggest driving restrictions be considered in patients with HM when migraine aura is present. This case presents support to examine active infection with SARS-CoV-2 as a trigger for HM.
The Epidemiological Characteristics of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia in Neurosurgery: A Ten-year Surveillance Study in A Large Chinese Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Yu Zheng-Hao , Li Xin-Lou , Lv Cheng-Long , Tian Yao , Suo Ji-Jiang , Yan Zhong-Qiang , Bai Yan-Ling , Liu Bo-Wei , Fang Li-Qun , Du Ming-mei , Yao Hong-Wu , Liu Yun-Xi
Published: October 2022

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a significant and common health concern, and epidemiological landscape of VAP is poorly understood in neurosurgery. The current study aimed to explore the epidemiology of VAP in neurosurgery to devise better-targeted surveillance, treatment and control efforts.
Methods:A ten-year retrospective study was performed in a large Chinese tertiary hospital. We collected surveillance data on neurosurgical patients with VAP and used descriptive analysis to map the demographic and clinical characteristics of VAP as well as the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of leading pathogens. Risk factors associated with VAP were explored using boosted regression tree (BRT) models.
Results:During 2011-2020, 310 VAP patients were identified. The ten-year incidence of VAP was 16.21 per 1000 ventilation days with an all-cause mortality rate of 6.1%. The proportions of gram-negative bacteria, fungi, and gram-positive bacteria in 357 isolates from 310 VAP patients were 86.0%, 7.6% and 6.4%, and most were multidrug-resistant organisms. Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common pathogens causing VAP, and high detection rates of CRAB, CRPA and CRKP with an upward trend were observed. The BRT modes revealed that there were significant associations of VAP presence with the days of ventilator use (relative contribution: 47.84 ± 7.25), GCS score (relative contribution: 24.72± 5.67), and tracheotomy (relative contribution: 21.50 ± 2.69), respectively.
Conclusions: Our findings better understand epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for VAP in neurosurgery.
Model investigation on spudcan-sand interaction using transparent media
Authors: Xiao Yao , Zhou Zi-Jian , Zhong Fang-Tao , Qi Chang-Guang
Published: October 2022

In order to study the deformation mechanism of sand around the spudcan, the model test for spudcan-sand interaction was carried out by employing transparent media, which is also called "transparent soil". By means of the technology of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the displacement vector field and contour map of sand around the spudcan were obtained. According to shallow strain path method (SSPM), the theoretical value of soil displacement around the spudcan was calculated. Compared with the experimental results, the correlation between the variation law of horizontal displacement of each group and the theoretical value reached 60%~80% in a certain range, which further verifies the rationality of the experimental method and theoretical analysis.
Life cycle impact of concrete incorporating nylon waste and demolition waste
Authors: Gillani Syed Tafheem Abbas , Hu Kui , Ali Babar , Malik Roshaan , Elhag Ahmed Babeker , Elhadi Khaled Mohamed
Published: October 2022

The large consumption of natural resources by the construction industry and resultant pollution have inspired the necessity to investigate the potential of eco-friendly materials, such as recycled aggregates and recycled fibers. In this study, the effect of different percentages of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and nylon waste fibers (NWF) was investigated on engineering performance and performance-related carbon emissions of high-performance concrete (HPC). Engineering performance indices include compressive strength (CS), splitting tensile strength (STS), water absorption (WA), and chloride ion penetration (CIP). The environmental impact of designed mixes was evaluated using a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment approach on the HPC mixes. The results showed that the incorporation of 0.25–0.5% yielded maximum STS for all percentages of RCA. The use of NWF helped overcome the negative impact of RCA on the STS of HPC. The use of the 0.1–0.25% volume of NWF was helpful to the permeability-related durability of HPC. CS-related emissions were minimum for concrete incorporating 0.1–0.25% NWF with 0% and 50% substitution levels of RCA, while STS-related emissions were lowest for HPC incorporating 0.5% NWF with 50% and 100% substitution levels of RCA.
Enhancement of Cancericidal Activity of Bamlet Complexes by Enzymatic Treatment
Authors: KOYUNCU REYHAN , Duruksu Gokhan , Ozcelik Beraat , Yazir Yusufhan
Published: October 2022

BAMLET (Bovine α-Lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumors) is a tumoricidal molecular complex of partially unfolded bovine α-lactalbumin and multiple oleic acid molecules. Although this class of molecules was shown to be effective in many cancer types, their effectivity was not promising compared to synthetic drug products. In this study, the α-lactalbumin was purified from the skimmed cow milk, and BAMLET was produced with oleic acid. The cytotoxic character and the anti-cancer activity of BAMLET and of its hydrolysed form were comparatively analyzed in vitro focusing on breast cancer (MCF7) and prostate cancer cell (DU145) lines. The results showed that the most effective dose of the untreated form of BAMLET decreased the viability of MCF7 and DU145 by 89.2% at 10 µg/mL and 48.0% at 2.14 µg/mL after 24 hours, respectively. After the hydrolyses, the most effective doses were altered, but the anti-cancer effect was improved to 21.9% for MCF7 (6.38 µg/mL) and 32.2% for DU145(6.38 µg/mL) under the same condition. Interestingly, the untreated BAMLET demonstrated cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts above the concentration of 2.1 µg/mL, but this detrimental effect was vanished after the enzyme treatment of BAMLET. The cell viability was supported by 2.7-fold at 6.38 µg/mL hydrolised BAMLET. As conclusion, BAMLET produced from the hydrolysed form of the α-lactalbumin was found to be more effective against the cancer cells than its non-hydrolysed form. The hydrolysed BAMLET was found to be a promising natural anti-cancer product without any toxic effect on fibroblasts.
Short Communication: Impact of corn grain particle size on production performance of lactating dairy cows
Authors: Carrari Isabela Fonseca , Poczynek Milaine , Fillus Aline Milani , Baptista Fernando Solano , Los Leopoldo Braz , Ferraretto Luiz Felipe , Maiorka Alex , de Almeida Rodrigo
Published: October 2022

Corn grain particle size has the potential to influence the performance of lactating dairy cows and the overall profitability of a dairy farm. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of lactating cows fed diets containing finely or coarsely ground corn grain. Fifty lactating Holstein cows (n = 50; 10 primiparous and 40 multiparous), averaging (mean ± standard deviation, SD) 658 ± 64 kg of BW, 38.8 ± 7.3 kg of milk/d, and 155 ± 80 DIM, were fed diets with finely ground corn grain (FGC) or coarsely ground corn grain (CGC) in a randomized block design with a 28-d treatment period. Finely and coarsely ground corn grain had an average particle size of 660 and 915 µm, respectively. Dry matter intake (DMI) was reduced (p < 0.01) for cows fed FGC (22.1 vs. 21.2 kg d− 1). Milk yield and efficiency were not affected by treatments (37.9 vs. 36.8 kg d− 1; p = 0.12 and 1.78 vs. 1.79; p = 0.15). Concentrations of milk protein and fat, as well as other milk solids, were unaffected (p > 0.05) by treatments. Fecal starch (FS) concentrations were greater (p < 0.01) for cows fed CGC (7.0 vs. 4.9%), whereas plasma concentrations of D-lactate were greater (p < 0.05) for cows fed FGC (98.5 vs. 79.7 µM). Overall, feeding finely ground corn grain increased total-tract starch digestibility and reduced DMI while maintaining milk yield.
Association between second and third trimester maternal lipid profiles and adverse perinatal outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shi Ping , Tang Jie , Yin Xiaoyan
Published: October 2022

Background: Lipid metabolism disorder during pregnancy has been reported in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, some controversy remains regarding the relationship between maternal dyslipidemia and perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between maternal lipid levels and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with GDM.
Methods: Total 1755 pregnant women with GDM who delivered between 2011–2021 were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were assayed for fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95 % CI) were calculated via stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the association of lipid levels with perinatal outcomes.
Results: The serum TC, TG, LDL, and HDL levels in third trimester were significantly higher than those in second trimester(p<0.001). Women with GDM had significantly higher levels of TC and TG in second and third trimesters compared with women without GDM in the same trimesters, while HDL levels decreased in women with GDM. After adjusting for confounding factors by multivariate logistic regression, every mmol/L elevation in TG levels in second and third trimesters was associated with a higher risk of caesarean section(AOR=1.241, 95% CI: 1.103–1.396, p<0.001; AOR=1.716, 95% CI: 1.556–1.921, p<0.001), large for gestational age infants (AOR=1.419, 95% CI: 1.173–2.453, p=0.001; AOR=2.011, 95% CI: 1.673–2.735, p<0.001), macrosomia (AOR=1.220, 95%CI: 1.133–1.643, p=0.005; AOR=1.891, 95% CI: 1.322–2.519, p<0.001), and neonatal unit admission (AOR=1.781, 95% CI: 1.267–2.143, p<0.001; AOR=2.052, 95% CI: 1.811–2.432, p<0.001). Additionally, every mmol/L increase in second and third trimester HDL levels was associated with decreased risk of large for gestational age infants (AOR=0.478, 95% CI: 0.329–0.879, p=0.008; AOR=0.599, 95% CI: 0.321–0.783, p=0.017) and neonatal unit admission (AOR=0.575, 95% CI: 0.311–0.722, p=0.012; AOR=0.322, 95% CI: 0.178–0.599, p=0.001).
Conclusions: Among women with GDM, dyslipidemia in second and third trimesters was related to adverse perinatal outcomes, suggesting the importanceof monitoring second and third trimester lipid profiles in improving clinical outcomes in GDM pregnancies.
Are Conventional MRI Findings Adequate for Differentiating Head and Neck Masses as Malignant or Benign?
Authors: ocak Ali , çakır binali
Published: October 2022

Background
In this study, we evaluate that a distinction can be made in terms of whether the masses are benign or malignant that considering certain characteristics with the images obtained in conventional MRI scans for head and neck masses in line with the findings have obtained.
Purpose
This work aims to determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the masses seen in the head and neck region and effectiveness of the MRI in separation of malignant from benign head and neck masses through with histopathological datas.
Material and Methods
This retrospective study was conducted on 86 patients who were referred with pre-diagnosed as mass in oral and neck region. MRI images were analyzed according to homogeneity and signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted images, contrast enhancement pattern, peripheral edge characteristic of the lesion, invasion condition, presence of cystic / necrotic content and presence of bone involvement of head and neck masses.
Results
The MRI features of benign and malignant head and neck masses in which signal intensity in T1-weighted images, signal homogeneity in T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement pattern, edge feature and presence of invasion showed statistically significant difference to determine of benignity and malignancy. But the signal homogeneity in T1-weighted images, signal intensity in T2-weighted images, presence of cystic/necrotic content and bone involvement did not reveal a statistically significant difference.
Conclusions
Overall, our findings were consistent with the literature data. As a result of our study, we recommend that certain MRI features of head and neck masses (signal intensity in T1-weighted images, signal homogeneity in T2-weighted images, contrast enhancement pattern, edge feature and presence of invasion) can be used to differentiate between benign and malignant masses.
Adaptive Dynamic Programming-Based Optimal Control for Nonlinear State Constrained Systems with Input Delay
Authors: Wang Jianfeng , Zhang Ping , Wang Yan , Ji Zhicheng
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the problem of adaptive optimal tracking control for strict-feedback nonlinear full-state constrained systems with input delay. A control method combined with the backstepping design technique and adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) theory is developed. An appropriate Barrier Lyapunov Function is implemented into the backstepping design approach to solve the state constraints. To avoid the influence of input delay, we design an intermediate variable using Pade approximation. With regard to uncertainty, neural networks are utilized to approximate the unknown functions. Then, an adaptive backstepping feedforward controller is designed. Based on the feedforward controller, the tracking task for strict-feedback systems can be converted into an equivalent regulation issue for the nonlinear systems in affine form. Secondly, a critic network is constructed under the framework of ADP to approximate the solution of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. Following that, online learning is applied to obtain the optimal feedback control. Therefore, the whole controller of the nonlinear system is made up of the feedforward and the feedback part. In addition, the closed-loop system is proved to be stable and its states remain within the bounded intervals. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our control scheme.
Permeability of dimethyl phthalate through human skin models – Health Risk Assessment
Authors: OLKOWSKA EWA
Published: October 2022

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) is used widely in cosmetics and personal care products as a solvent, skin penetrant, moisturizer and softener as well as an anti-cracking agent. Dermal absorption is one of the major exposure routes for lower molecular weight phthalates such as DMP and assessing their dermal permeability is important for evaluating the impact and toxicity of such compounds in humans.
The aim of this study was to evaluate DMP permeability through different human skin models (Strat-M® synthetic membrane, in vitro reconstructed human epidermis and human dermatomed skin) using solutions containing various types of surfactants, as a simulation of the types of mixtures occurring in cosmetics and personal care products, in order to ascertain the impact that surfactants can have on skin permeability. The results have shown that human skin is the least permeable of the used skin models, and that surfactants (in particular cationic and non-ionic) lead to a significant increase of DMP permeability through all skin models. The performed risk assessment however shows that, for all tested models, the margin of safety was not exceeded.