bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kaposi sarcoma in HIV Patients: Case study and literature review
Authors: Kanta Ka  , Edimo Lionel Eric Francis  , Mame Daro Faye  , Mahomed Ilyas Yessoufou  , Maison Mayeh Anne Marthe  , Essomba Biwole Martin  , El Hadj Amadou Sall  , Abdoul Aziz Kasse
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a malignancy originating from endothelial cells and linked to human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), disproportionately affects individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Despite decreased incidence in high-income countries due to antiretroviral therapy, KS remains a significant concern in sub-Saharan Africa. This article presents a case study of an HIV-positive patient treated exclusively with radiation therapy and provides a comprehensive literature review on KS management. Case Presentation: A 46-year-old HIV-positive patient, under well-controlled infection, exhibited nodular skin lesions, hyperpigmentation, and lymphedema primarily on the lower left limb. Histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of KS. The patient underwent radiation therapy (36 Gy in 12 sessions) with subsequent topical imiquimod. Nine months post-treatment, no nodular lesions were observed, indicating a positive response. Conclusion: In the antiretroviral era, radiation therapy emerges as a crucial loco-regional treatment in the multimodal management of epidemic KS. With a focus on controlling disease within irradiated areas, excellent response rates and acceptable toxicity levels highlight the efficacy of this approach.
Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis of ethanol leaf extract of Pleiocarpa mutica
Authors: Christabel Ebube Festus  , Ugochukwu ThankGod Nweke  , Uchechukwu Christiana Chukwuekwe  , Gideon Ebubechi Onunwa  , Chinelo Irene Ugwoke
Published: May 2024

This research project examined Pleiocarpa mutica leaf extract, extracted from ethanol using both quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis. Sourced is at Ugbene-Ajima in the Uzo-Uwani Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria, where fresh Pleiocarpa mutica leaves were collected. After been gathered, the newly sprouted P. mutica leaves were cleaned. We then shade-dried the leaves until they were crispy, rotating them frequently to prevent them from rotting. A mechanical grinder was utilized to reduce the dried leaves to a powdered state while a maceration flask was used to macerate 1.5 kg of the known weight of the ground leaves in 10 liters of 100% ethanol. In using a muslin cloth, the mixture was filtered into a flask with a flat bottom after being left for 72 hours with irregular stirring. Quantitative phytochemical analysis procedures identified the specific concentration of a certain chemical constituent present in a plant sample using methods such as mass spectrometry, chromatography, and spectrophotometry. This makes it possible to determine the concentration of a component in the plant material. Qualitative phytochemical analysis techniques focus on identifying the presence or absence of several chemical groups in a plant sample. Discovering the existence of substances such as alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, and flavonoids often requires a range of chemical analyses or the use of specific reagents. Thus, the standard quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis technique were used to investigate the chemical composition of plants and identify bioactive compounds that may offer nutritional, medicinal, or pharmacological advantages. Hence, it has been shown that the ethanol leaves extract of P. mutica contains various concentrations of phytochemical constituents, which might be responsible for its biological activities.
Women’s memory of episiotomy experience from 2 months to 2 years after birth in Orlu Imo State
Authors: Julia Chioma Ibekwe  , Eunice Udo-Peretomode  , Onasoga Olayinka
Published: May 2024

Episiotomy procedures are defined based on the millimetre distance from the incision point to the posterior fourchette and the angle in degrees from the sagittal or parasagittal plane. This study examined Women's Memory of Episiotomy Experience from 2 Months to 2 Years after Birth in Orlu of Imo State. The study employed a qualitative survey design with four research questions. The sample size of 57 participants was selected, convenience sampling technique was used to select the respondents, the respondent were thus; women who underwent episiotomy 25, Midwives 8, family members 24. Data were collected using one on-one interview, via recordings. Data was analysed using percentages, barcharts and content analysis approach and thematic categorization. The results revealed 60% of the respondents come from low socioeconomic background. The study further revealed that; the challenges women experience within 2 months to 2 years as result of episiotomy were pain, inability to breast feed; due to inability to sit well, inability to walk freely, the perceived impact of episiotomy on women within the first 2 months to 2 years after birth were inability to have sex as usual. In conclusion, women were inadequately informed and not psychologically prepared for episiotomy, the respondent’s experienced untoward effect after the procedure which included: pain, and interference with daily life activities. Therefore, the study recommends that healthcare providers, especially midwives, to seek alternatives to routine use of episiotomy, and consider selective episiotomy practices based on individual patient need and thus educate pregnant mothers on perineal massage using recommended oil.
The potential therapeutic applications and mechanisms of action of Cryptomphalus aspersa (snail) extracts in dermatology and wound healing
Authors: Priyam Jyoti Das  , Moksood Ahmed Laskar  , Juganta Kumar Kalita  , Hrithik Rikhav Mohan  , Anjanjyoti Deka  , Nasim Ahmed  , Biki Dutta
Published: May 2024

Cryptomphalus aspersa, commonly known as the garden snail, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent in the fields of dermatology and wound healing. This review explores the diverse therapeutic applications and underlying mechanisms of action of Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts. With a rich history in traditional medicine and growing scientific evidence supporting their efficacy, snail extracts offer multifaceted benefits including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, collagen-stimulating, and immunomodulatory activities. In dermatology, snail extracts have shown promise in managing conditions such as acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, photoaging, and hyperpigmentation, while also demonstrating efficacy in promoting wound healing in various types of wounds, including full-thickness and chronic wounds. Mechanistically, snail extracts modulate inflammatory pathways, neutralize oxidative stress, stimulate collagen synthesis, and regulate immune responses, contributing to their therapeutic effects. While the potential of Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts is vast, further research and clinical trials are warranted to establish their efficacy and safety profiles for specific dermatological conditions and wound types. Overall, Cryptomphalus aspersa extracts represent a novel and promising approach in dermatology and wound healing, offering a natural and multifaceted solution for improving skin health and promoting tissue repair.
Surgical tactics for thoracoabdominal injury
Authors: Fedorchenko V. E. , Ivchenko D. R. , Nikolayev K. N. , Rodina N. V.
Published: May 2024

The treatment of gunshot thoracoabdominal injuries is a relevant issue in modern medicine. The high mortality rate, reaching 28.6 %, indicates the need to improve existing diagnostic and treatment approaches in providing medical care to such injured individuals during evacuation stages. The presented clinical case demonstrates the effectiveness of applying a staged approach to providing medical care for thoracoabdominal trauma.
Organised Crime in Trafficking of Cultural Goods in Turkey and Interconnections between Antiquities Trafficking and Narcotics Trafficking, Arms Trafficking and Political Violence
Authors: Hardy Samuel Andrew
Published: May 2024

This research assesses who is involved in the trafficking of archaeological objects and fake antiquities from Turkey; how they are involved; and how they operate, both online and offline. It highlights the volume and visibility of indicators of illicit activity by suspects in online forums and social networks like Facebook and Instagram. With automatically-generated data, netnographic data and other open data, this research documents online social organisation of mass disorganised crime. It also documents corruption; transnational crime, organised crime and transnational organised crime; and financing of political violence from repression to terrorism and conflict.
Being ‘Platform Citizens’ Today
Authors: Cardullo Paolo
Published: May 2024

As software relations have become normalised within a neoliberal framework, typically through mobile apps and their platforms, citizenship itself has become a multiple concept expressed through the occurrences of digitally mediated encounters.One emerging aspect of ‘platform urbanisation’ has been the deployment of platforms for collaborative governance, such as Decidim: this has been conceived by ethical hackers and activists in Barcelona since 2016 and has now become an internationally awarded and replicated project.In this paper we argue that in order to start making sense of platform urbanisation(s) we need to consider seriously the specificity of software, that is, software cultures and relations, and the industry and communities that make software what it is. The ‘soft infrastructure’ around software is one of the engines of platform urbanisation, although often unspoken of. Focusing on the top rungs of the Scaffold of Smart Citizens Participation (Cardullo and Kitchin, 2019), here we present a comparative study around the ‘soft infrastructure’ of Decidim platform as this has been deployed in successful Participatory Budget consultations in Brazil, NYC and Barcelona. The conclusion we draw is that, despite being ubiquitous assemblages of technology and people, platform urbanisation does not happen in a vacuum, by default or symbiotic spreading only. Instead, we need to remain wary of the underlining conditions through which platform urbanisation might evolve in different contexts, provincialising digital technologies further.
AI-Assisted Construction of Meta-Logically Self-Referential Systems to Address Gödel Incompleteness and Turing’s Halting Problem
Authors: Kamarei Arzhang
Published: May 2024

Meta-logical self-referencing (MSR) systems are created which overcome the limitations identified by Gödel’s First and Second Theorems of Incompleteness and Turing’s findings with regards to the Halting Problem, with significant implications for decidability. MSR systems achieve this by incorporating Gödel’s and Turing’s proofs into the formal systems themselves as perfect “hole-sized patches” for the self-referential paradoxes discovered, creating a {paradox, proof of paradox} integrated system. With regards to Gödel, MSR systems integrating Gödel’s proofs allow us to build complete, consistent formal systems. Specifically, statements S1 (“F’ or F2’ is complete”) and S2 (“F’ or F2’ is consistent”) are made without contradiction or paradox within the formal system. It is shown that Löb’s Theorem additionally confirms the S1 and S2 finding of a Gödel MSR. With regards to the Halting Problem, MSR systems integrating Turing’s proof allow us to avoid Q’s self-referential paradox, restoring the possibility of a perfect halting predictor. Specifically, a Modified H halting predictor is created which theoretically and non-paradoxically achieves the goals of Turing’s original H in making perfect {run, halt} predictions by avoiding Q. It is shown that Löb’s Theorem additionally confirms the Halting Problem MSR findings. Thus, MSR systems remove the logical roadblocks Turing identified as standing in the way of building a “machine K” to address the Entscheidungsproblem. Chaitin’s work is also addressed and shown to not be a constraint to machine K in the way Gödel’s and Turing’s findings are. Löb’s Theorem is used to point to the possibility that LLMs can be Gödel MSRs and can exhibit meta-logical self-reference with human intervention.
Perceptual judgements are resistant to the advisor's perceived level of trustworthiness: a deep fake approach
Authors: Van der Biest Mathias , Verschooren Sam , Verbruggen Frederick , Brass Marcel
Published: May 2024

As we navigate our environment, we often make spontaneous judgments about others. Trustworthiness is a key characteristic that we judge instantly and then use when making decisions, especially when we are uncertain. While the effect of trustworthiness on social behaviour has been extensively investigated, it remains unclear how trustworthiness affects more ‘basic’ cognitive processes such as perceptual decision-making. The present study aims to fill this gap. In the first experiment (N = 100), we validated a new trustworthiness manipulation by using deep fake technology to create animated versions of perceptually trustworthy, untrustworthy, and neutral static computer-generated faces. In the second experiment (N = 199), the deep fake procedure was applied to a new set of trustworthy and untrustworthy faces that served as advisors during a perceptual decision-making task. Here participants had to indicate the direction of dots that were either moving coherently to the left or to the right (i.e., random dot motion task). Contrary to our predictions, participants did not follow the advice of the trustworthy advisors more often than the advice of the untrustworthy advisors. We did find that participants decided faster and were more confident when following the advice, but this was also not influenced by the trustworthiness of the advisors. We integrate our findings within theoretical frameworks of advice taking, domain specificity of facial trustworthiness, and task requirements.
Narrative Visualizations: Depicting Accumulating Risks and Increasing Trust in Data
Authors: Fansher Madison , Walls Logan , Hao Chenxu , Subramonyam Hariharan , Boduroglu Aysecan , Shah Priti , Witt Jessica K.
Published: May 2024

In contexts where people lack prior knowledge and risk awareness—such as the COVID-19 pandemic—even truthful visualizations of data can seem surprising. This can lead people to mistrust the veracity of the data and to discount it, leading to poor risk decisions. In this work, we illustrate how narrative visualizations can achieve a balance between the benefits of three common risk communication mediums (static visualizations, interactive simulations, and affect-laden anecdotes). We demonstrate empirically that a narrative visualization mitigates the reduced concern induced by a static visualization when communicating COVID-19 transmission risk (Experiment 1), and through mediation analysis we show that narrative visualizations increase trust via a different mechanism compared to anecdotes (Experiment 2). We argue that narrative visualizations deserve attention as a distinct class of visualizations that have the potential to be powerful tools for scientific communication (especially in contexts where data are surprising, and empiricism is important).
“Dancing on the ceiling”: The role of different forms of thinking on retrospective reevaluation in children
Authors: Beaton Rebecca , Benton Deon T.
Published: May 2024

An open question in the developmental causal learning literature concerns how children’s beliefs about causal systems impact their inferences. This study investigated how 4- and 5- year-olds’ causal beliefs related to their “backwards blocking” abilities, as well as whether associative learning or Bayesian inference better explained their judgements. Children were taught either that two causes together produced a larger effect than that produced by each individually or that they produced the same size effect as that produced by either one. A third group received no training. Results indicated that 4-year-olds engaged in backwards blocking only after additivity training and that their inferences mainly matched an associative model. In contrast, 5-year-olds consistently engaged in backwards blocking and produced responses that largely matched a Bayesian model. These findings suggest that the effect of children's beliefs about causal systems on their inferences undergoes a developmental progression and implicate the role of multiple cognitive mechanisms.
INOVASI PENDIDIKAN: PENTINGNYA GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Fitri Siti Walinda
Published: May 2024

Inovasi sebagai sebuah ide, praktik, dan objek yang dianggap baru oleh individu atau unit pengguna lainnya. Inovasi pendidikan memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Guru memiliki peran kunci dalam menciptakan suasana belajar yang kondusif dan aktif dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi. Guru memiliki peran kunci dalam menciptakan suasana belajar yang kondusif dan aktif dengan menggunakan teknologi informasi. Guru harus memiliki cara menyampaikan pembelajaran yang menarik dan mudah dimengerti. Mereka harus memiliki kreativitas yang tinggi dan berkompeten dalam menggunakan teknologi untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Namun, penyebaran teknologi digital di Indonesia masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, seminar, pelatihan, dan pelatihan bagi guru harus terus disediakan agar guru dapat mengikuti perkembangan teknologi dan memanfaatkan teknologi untuk mengoptimalkan pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, guru dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan menciptakan suasana belajaryang lebih kondusif, aktif, dan kreatif untuk siswa.
Inovasi Pendidikan Pada Era Modern
Authors: Rahayu Putri Nor
Published: May 2024

Berinovasi dalam dunia sekolah semakin terasa dibutuhkan di era digital ini, sistem pendidikan harus beradaptasi agar tetap relevan dan efektif dalam mempersiapkan generasi mendatang. Dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi sekarang telah mengubah cara pembelajaran, sehingga guru dituntut kreatif untuk mengikuti zaman dengan melakukan inovasi dalam dunia pendidikan peserta didik menjadi lebih aktif. Dan urgensinya sangat penting terhadap teknologi informasi sekarang karna guru diharuskan dalam mengembangkan inovasi pembelajaran yang lebih kreatif dan modern, semacam ini bisa dibuat guru untu memanfaatkan teknologi yang ada seperti penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran ataupun penggunaan video yang menarik dalam proses pembelajaran agar siswa untuk menarik perhatian siswa, pendidik juga bisa menyediakan power point yang dalamnya ada materi mengenai pendidikan, atau bisa juga menggunakan video pembelajaran sehingga proses pembelajaran menjadi tidak monoton.
Understanding Suicide Cases in Nepal: A Comprehensive Analysis of Personality Traits
Authors: Neupane Alaka , Baral Bharat Raj
Published: May 2024

Understanding the intricate relationship between personality traits and suicidal tendencies is crucial for effective suicide prevention strategies. This paper delves into the influence of the Big Five personality traits - Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (OCEAN) - on susceptibility to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Through a comprehensive review of the literature and analysis of relevant cases, it explores how various personality traits intersect with suicidal ideation. Findings reveal that high neuroticism, characterized by emotional instability and negative affectivity, significantly correlates with suicidal intentions. Additionally, lower levels of agreeableness are associated with elevated suicide rates, suggesting a lack of empathy and cooperation may contribute to suicidal thinking. The paper underscores the importance of considering personality factors in suicide risk assessment and intervention strategies. By recognizing the role of personality traits in shaping individuals' responses to distress, tailored interventions can be developed to mitigate suicide risk and promote mental well-being.
Teacher Education in Nepal and Denmark: A Comparative Study
Authors: Lamichhane Sujana
Published: May 2024

This article investigated the teacher education policies, practices, and their influence on teaching learning activities in Nepal and Denmark. The study presents a comparison of the teacher education system and practices between Nepal and Denmark. The study is based on the literature reviewed in the case of Denmark whereas in the case of Nepal, it is based on the data obtained from the various stakeholders. The study adopts an interpretive approach under qualitative research design which includes in-depth interviews with university teachers, Center for Education and Human Resource Development (CEHRD) executive and focus group discussions with school teachers. Findings indicate that teacher education in Nepal started far later than in Denmark and shares some similarities with distinct differences in policy stability. Enrollment in teacher education courses is decreasing due to unemployment issues which may affect the quality of education in future. Furthermore, the results indicate that new demand-based approaches to teacher education, capacity enhancement of training centers, effective monitoring mechanisms, qualified teacher educators, and efficient ICT integration are the major aspects of needed improvements.
Teachers' Role in Learner Autonomy in Large ELT Classrooms
Authors: Shrestha Anita
Published: May 2024

The study aims to find out the role of learners’ autonomy in large ELT class. The learner autonomy is very important and played prominent role in large classroom to make learning effective and interesting and teachers' effectual strategies to generate autonomy in learners. This study adopted qualitative research approach with narrative inquiry design. Five teachers teaching in large classrooms were the respondents. Data for the study were taken by following in-depth interviews as well as the observations of three teachers. The findings suggest that it is very challenging to apply learner autonomy in large number of the students, but it is possible if the teachers have good patterns and techniques to apply it. It also found out that if there are autonomous learners, then the large number of the students don’t exist in trouble in teaching learning activities as it contains various possible intelligence.
Liquidity Crunches in the Banking Industry of Nepal
Authors: Dhungana Bharat Ram
Published: May 2024

Liquidity crunches in the Nepalese banking sector have been a critical issue for the last few years. This research aims to examine the causes, consequences, and improvement of liquidity crunches in the context of the Nepalese banking industry. This study is based on primary sources with explanatory and descriptive research design. The study population is all the bankers and experts involved in the banking sector - commercial banks, development banks, and regulatory authorities of Pokhara Metropolitan City, Kaski, Nepal. The five-point Likert scale questionnaires were developed to collect the data from the 213 banking professionals based on the non-probability sampling method. This study found a significant impact of government capital expenditure, bank lending policy, and monetary policy on liquidity crunches in the banking industry. The liquidity crunch hampers the growth of business and industry, and discourages entrepreneurs because they are not getting loanable funds as and when required. It creates instability in the financial system, deteriorates the investment environment, generates high inflation and unemployment rates , and affects economic growth rate in the country. The government should increase capital expenditure capacity. Bank lending policy should be directed towards a productive investment. Appropriate monetary policy should be designed to address the liquidity crunch problem in the banking sector. For this, the government and regulatory authority may promote an inclusive and sound financial system in the nation.
Social Media and Social Ills: Overcoming the Challenges in the Contemporary Era
Authors: Mahara Bishnu Bahadur
Published: May 2024

Social media has become an integral part of modern society, offering unprecedented opportunities for communication, education, entertainment, and activism. However, social media also poses significant challenges and risks for individuals and communities, such as cyber bullying, misinformation, privacy predation, mental depression, social isolation, and addiction. Especially, this paper reviews the situations of the positive and negative effects of social media on various aspects of human well-being for the children and teens age group, such as physical and mental health, social capital, personal privacy, civic engagement, and democratic participation. It also discusses the potential strategies and interventions to overcome the challenges and enhance the benefits of social media in the contemporary era. To overcome these challenges, the article proposes solutions such as enhancing content moderation procedures, promoting digital and medical literacy and critical thinking among users, implementing transparent and accountable procedures, and fostering collaboration between platforms, policymakers, and civil society organizations. These include promoting digital literacy, fostering online civility, regulating harmful content, supporting vulnerable users, and encouraging positive online behaviors. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for more interdisciplinary and collaborative research on the complex and dynamic relationship between social media and social ills.
बेन्जु शर्माको ‘लोहारपट्टीवाली’ कथामा लैङ्गिकता
Authors: ताम्राकार Tamrakar सरिता Sarita
Published: May 2024

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेख बेन्जु शर्माद्वारा लेखिएको ‘लोहारपट्टीवाली’ कथामा नारीमाथि गरिएको विभेदात्मक व्यवहार लैंङ्गिकताको आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । उक्त लेखमा वर्णनात्मक र विश्लेषणात्मक ढाँचाको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यसमा नारीवाद अन्तर्गत लैङ्गिकताको सिद्धान्तमा आधारित रहेर कथालाई लैंङ्गिकताको दृष्टिकोणले विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । लैंङ्गिकताको दृष्टिकोणलाई मूल विषय बनाएर प्रस्तुत गरिएको कथामा महिला र पुरुषलाई जैविक रुपमा नभई हाम्रो समाजमा महिलाले महिला भएकै कारणले गर्नुपर्ने कामहरुलाई सामाजिक संरचनाद्वारा छुट्टयाएको छ । महिलामाथि गरिने अभद्र व्यवहारको वास्तविक चित्रण गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनको आधारभूत वा प्राथमिक सामग्रीका रूपमा बेन्जु शर्माको लोहारपट्टीवाली कथा समकालिक कथासंग्रहलाई लिइएको छ भने द्वितीयक सामग्रीका रूपमा पर्याधार र विश्लेषणका लागि लैंङ्गिकता सिद्धान्त सम्बन्धी विभिन्न लेखकद्वारा लेखिएका पुस्तक र लेखरचनालाई उपयोगमा ल्याइएको छ । लोहारपट्टी कथामा सङ्कलन गरिएको सामग्रीको विश्लेषणका लागि मूलतः वर्णनात्मक र पाठविश्लेषणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । सङ्कलित सामग्रीहरूबाट प्राप्त तथ्यहरूको विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षसम्म पुग्न सहजताका लागि निगमन विधिबाट सामग्रीको व्यवस्थापन गर्दै विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा पितृसतात्मक सोचको कारण नारीहरूमाथि गरिएको दमन , अन्याय ,अत्याचार ,समाजमा पुरुषले जमाएको पुरुषप्रभुत्वको कारणले महिलामाथि गरेको थिचोमिचोले गर्दा सृजना भएको दयनीय स्थितिलाई देखाइएको छ । पुरुषको दासत्वबाट जीवन गुजार्नु पर्ने बाध्यात्मकता र नारीलाई गरेको शोषणमाथि आधारित भएर लोहापट्टीवाली कथामा लैङ्गिकता शीर्षकमा आधारित भई प्रस्तुत लेख तयार गएिको छ । अतः प्रस्तुत कथा लैंङ्गिकतामा आधारित उत्कृष्ट कथाका रुपमा लिन सकिन्छ ।
The Rivalry between India and China for Political Influence in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Santa Bahadur
Published: May 2024

Nepal is geographically situated between India and China's economically prosperous and politically influential nations. As a result, the interests of Nepal's neighbouring countries have influenced its political landscape. Thus, the paper attempts to analyse how India and China destabilise democracy in Nepal by relating historical, political, economic, and cultural factors because they are connected. Furthermore, it examines how India and China have affected Nepal's democracy through the political parties, the government, and the Constitution. China and India have a geostrategic rivalry, and then they engage in Nepal to create political polarisation, which weakens democratic institutions. It fuels instability in Nepal because it has cultural and political ties and generates more government instability. Therefore, research explores the complex connection of Nepal with China and India and their impact on democratic stability. The study concludes that Nepal's government, civil society, and regional actors should mitigate the adverse effects of external political intervention and foster a stable democratic environment in Nepal. This study used a qualitative technique, incorporating a literature review and document analysis, to examine reports, policy documents, and media items. The analysis of thematically gathered data reveals discernible patterns and trends in the influence of China and India on the volatility of Nepal's democratic system.
Barriers and Opportunities of Canyoning in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Susmita
Published: May 2024

Adventure tourism is main category of the tourism in Nepal and source of National economy. It is multidimensional and multidisciplinary in terms of nature itself and closely with culture and increase to per capita income. To know about the prospect and probability of the adventure tourism based on canyoning in Lamjung is the general objective of this study. Lamjung's continuous tourism activities are hindered by poorly implemented adventure tourism, affecting the environment, and promoting sustainable and beneficial industries for locals. So, this study tried to explore minutely the adventure canyoning aspects consistency with degradation in study area. A mixed method approach was used, involving primary and secondary data from canyoning companies, local guides, and experienced clients whereas required data collected using structured questionnaire, KII and FGD. The data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The study aimed to identify the causes and hidden facts of the degradation of Adventure Canyoning. Therefore, this study holds significant social science importance as it aims to reduce issues related to adventure canyoning in the study area. The study reveals that sustainable practices and responsible tourism can contribute to the long-term viability of canyoning as an adventure sport.
Discriminatory behavior towards Women in Educational Sphere: A Case Study of Kashi Noble Academy, Siddartha Nagar, Rupandehi
Authors: Kain Tika Raj , Dhakal Naba Raj
Published: May 2024

The paper aims to assess gender discrimination in private educational institution in Nepal.  This study argues that female teachers are discriminated in institutional structure in multiple ways. It applies descriptive and exploratory research design. Both primary and secondary data have been collected and qualitative and quantitative nature of data are employed. Interview schedule has been selected to collect the data from the field. Women are discriminated in the process of recruitment, training and development, and remuneration. The paper contributes to the study of gender discrimination from sociological vantage point because this emphasizes that gender is socially and historically constructed and the social structure and institutions are responsible to exercise gender discrimination.  It, however, does not incorporate the broad spectrum in regards with theory and methods.
Practices of Inclusive Education at the Schools in Nepal
Authors: Khatri Hikamat Bahadur
Published: May 2024

This paper attempts to analyze the practices of inclusive education at the schools in Nepal. The central theme of study was to analyze the practice of inclusive education in the classroom and it’s challenges. This paper used a qualitative research design in an interpretive way. Data sources, such as interviews with head teachers, teachers, and students, and field observation was conducted in the Palungtar Municipality of Gorkha district. The participants, respondents and study site were purposively selected. The study  finding is that the inclusive education approach is not fully implemented at the school level, highlighting the importance of implementing such an approach. This approach is relevant to address the different capabilities of students in the classroom. This approach is particularly relevant in the classroom of Nepal as it effectively teaches students from diverse backgrounds, which both teachers and students appreciated this inclusive educational approach. However, inclusion practice is important and crucial for addressing deprived, disadvantaged, and marginalized groups of education.
A influência de informação sobre o desenvolvimento do produto na intenção de compra: fatores moderadores e mediadores na avaliação de produtos criados por IA vs Humanos
Authors:   , Brito Robson Marinho de
Published: May 2024

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AIs) has generated a significant impact in various areas, especially in Consumer Behavior. With the ability of AIs to create innovative products, the question arises: how do consumers react to hedonic products created by Artificial Intelligence? Thus, the objective of this investigation is to explain consumer responses to products developed by Artificial Intelligence and Humans, testing the mediation of Narrative Transportation and Attitude towards the product, and the moderation by Algorithm Trust, Need for Cognition, and Technological Readiness. For this study, the experimental method among subjects was employed, where the final study involved 177 participants (n=177), divided into control and experimental groups. They were exposed to two identical products, with one having the information that it was created by an AI and the other by a human. The focus was on the relationship between the creation of products by AI (Independent Variable) and the Purchase Intention (Dependent Variable). Theories such as Automation Bias and Speciesism provided the conceptual basis for the study. The results revealed that the Purchase Intention for a product created by AI is higher when this relationship is mediated by Attitude and moderated by Algorithm Trust. However, when Algorithm Trust is lower, there is lower Attitude and Purchase Intention. The mediation by Narrative Transportation and moderation by the Need for Cognition and Technological Readiness were not confirmed. The results find support in the Theories of Automation Bias and Speciesism. With this, it is possible to conclude that the consumer who trusts the AI algorithm tends to believe that the product created by it is more reliable than the product created by a Human (Automation Bias). However, when the trust in the algorithm is lower, the consumer tends to reject the product created by the AI, trusting more in the product created by a Human (Speciesism). This work contributes to the academic and business understanding of the acceptance of AI products. However, the research was limited to a specific product (short film) and a diverse audience, suggesting the need for future investigations into other types of products created by AI and audiences. This research highlights the importance of consumer trust in AI algorithms, paving the way for future studies that can expand our understanding of the interaction between humans and intelligent technologies
CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND EQUINEASSISTED THERAPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Ramos Marieli Matias , Taves Parisi Márcia , Nabeiro Marli
Published: May 2024

Equine Assisted Therapy (EAT) is a therapeutic and educational method that uses the horse within an interdisciplinary approach. The objective of this study was to analyze the publications on Equine Assisted Therapy (EAT) as a tool in the global development of children with Down Syndrome (DS). Methods: The criteria were: randomized clinical trials; population diagnosed with DS and age ≥13 years old; published from 2015 to 2021; indexed by Qualis between A1 and B3, in the following electronic databases: National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS).Results: 18 articles were found, of which 8 met the objective and criteria proposed in the study. Conclusion: It can be seen that EAT proves tobe an effective and important tool; therefore, it contributes to the progress in the global development and improvement of the motor functions of children with DS.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE PARÂMETROS CINEMÁTICOS E DA HABILIDADE DE FLUTUAÇÃO EM CRIANÇAS COM DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE APRENDIZAGEM NO NADO CRAWL
Authors: Freitas Piecha Laryssa , Franken Marcos
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar e correlacionar parâmetros cinemáticos e a habilidade de flutuação entre crianças de diferentes níveis de aprendizagem no nado crawl. 16 crianças nadadoras de ambos os sexos, com idades entre oito e doze anos, participantes de um projeto de natação escolar, foram divididas em dois grupos: iniciante (G1) e intermediário (G2). Ambos os grupos, foram avaliados em uma repetição de 10 m em máxima intensidade no nado crawl, o tempo da habilidade de flutuação, o teste de desempenho motor do nado crawl (TDMNC), frequência média de ciclos (FC), distância média percorrida por ciclo (DC), velocidade média de nado (VN) e o índice de nado (IN). Os dados foram obtidos com uma câmera de vídeo (60 Hz - acoplada a um tripé na lateral da piscina, acima da linha da água), cronômetro e o software Kinovea. Comparações das variáveis entre os grupos foram realizadas e correlações foram testadas com α de 5%. Os achados deste estudo indicam que: crianças do grupo G2 apresentaram maiores valores nas variáveis da posição do corpo, fase não-propulsiva, fase propulsiva, sincronização, TDMNC, DC, VN e IN quando comparadas aos valores do grupo G1. Ainda, foram identificadas que entre o TDMNC e as variáveis da posição do corpo, movimento das pernas, fase não-propulsiva, fase propulsiva, sincronização, DC, VN e IN existe alta correlação. Com base nos resultados apresentados, quanto maior for o nível de aprendizagem no nado crawl, maiores podem serem os valores da DC, da VN e do IN em crianças.
RELAÇÃO ENTRE NÍVEIS DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, SINTOMAS PSICOLÓGICOS E DOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICA EM PROFISSIONAIS RESIDENTES DA ESCOLA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA DO CEARÁ
Authors: Alves Viração Glebson , Candido Batista Eliane , Batista Maria Luiza Barbosa Batista , Carvalho Ana Mariza de Carvalho , Almeida Silva Bruna Karolyne , Leite e Silva Joyce Maria
Published: May 2024

O objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar os níveis de atividade física e sintomas psicológicos e a associação com a frequência de dores musculoesqueléticas em profissionais residentes da Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará. Tratou-se de um estudo com abordagem quantitativa, observacional de corte transversal norteada pelas orientações do strobe com amostragem do tipo não probabilística por conveniência, realizado no estado do Ceará, em que participantes foram solicitados a responder um questionário elaborado no Google Forms®, incluindo 28 itens, com acesso por meio de um link disponibilizado em grupos do WhatsApp® exclusivo dos profissionais residentes do primeiro e segundo período. O questionário continha perguntas relacionadas a dados sociodemográficos, sintomas psicológicos, dor musculoesquelética e atividade física. O presente estudo teve a participação de 178 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com média de idade igual 28,8 ± de 4,7 anos, com variação de 22 a 47 anos. Os resultados demonstraram as características da amostra conforme as frequências por sexo, período da residência e componente comunitário e hospitalar, tendo a presença de 36 (20,2%) indivíduos do sexo masculino e 142 (79,8%) do sexo feminino; no primeiro período, 87 residentes (48,9%) e no segundo período, 91 (51,1%); e, no componente comunitário, 147 (82,5%) e hospitalar, 31 (17,5%), respectivamente. Em relação à associação dos sintomas psicológicos e intensidade da dor foi utilizado o teste de anova. Os fatores relacionados ao estresse, ansiedade, sintomas depressivos e dor crônica apresentaram diferenças significativas p< .001, no entanto apenas o sexo, período de residência e os níveis de atividade física não demonstraram diferença significativa. O presente estudo mostrou que houve associação dos sintomas psicológicos e dor crônica com a frequência de dores musculoesqueléticas em profissionais residentes da Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará.
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE AVALIAÇÃO POSTURAL E AUTORRELATO DE LESÃO OSTEOMIOARTICULAR EM ATLETAS ADULTOS NA MODALIDADE DE COMBATE
Authors: Braga dos Santos Josenei , Dubard Maurício , Maciel Vitor Medeiro Radamés , Petroni Rezende Rosangela , Tourinho Filho Hugo , Figueira Júnior Aylton , Gomes Antônio Carlos
Published: May 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a associação entre a avaliação postural e o autorrelato de lesão osteomioarticular e quais regiões anatômicas são mais acometidas em atletas da modalidade de combate. Participaram da amostra 112 adultos do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 51 anos, que treinavam cinco vezes por semana, com duração entre 90 a 120 minutos. Foram coletadas informações sobre a postura corporal, utilizando-se o método Portland State University, que adota valores percentuais por região anatômica: cabeça e pescoço (RCP), coluna dorsal e lombar (RCDL), abdômen e quadril (RAQ) e membros inferiores (RMI); gerando o índice de correção postural (ICP), tendo como critério de classificação 80,0%, sendo analisada pela biofotogrametria digital e autorrelato de lesões osteomioarticulares. Os dados foram analisados pelos softwares GraphPad Prism 6.0 e SPSS Inc. 22, onde adotou-se o nível de significância de p < 0,05, comparando os grupos com ou sem lesão osteomioarticular, com o ICP, região anatômica e regressão logística como variáveis preditoras. Os resultados mostraram que entre o grupo com lesão osteomioarticular, houve significância estatística entre as seguintes regiões anatômicas: cabeça com RMI 80,0% (p 0,035), ombro com ICP 76,0% (p 0,005), RCP 76,0% (p 0,004) e RAQ 86,7% (p 0,013) e a coluna vertebral com ICP 76,0% (p 0,044) e RCDL 76,0% (p 0,012). Conclui-se que houve associação significativa entre avaliação postural e autorrelato de lesãoosteomioarticular, onde a região de membros superiores (cabeça, ombro e coluna vertebral), foram as regiões anatômicas mais acometidas.
EFEITOS DO TREINAMENTO CONCORRENTE E JEJUM INTERMITENTE SOBRE ASPECTOS MORFOLÓGICOS E METABÓLICOS DA MUSCULATURA ESQUELÉTICA DE RATOS WISTAR
Authors: Scarto de Freitas Leandro , Dias Boeira Fernando , Fernandes Barbosa Grampinha Francielli , Da Silva Moraes Melquisedeque , Izaias Marcelo Henrique , Henrique Aleixo Paulo , Chacon Castoldi Robson
Published: May 2024

Avaliar os aspectos morfológicos e metabólicos de ratos da raça Wistar sob a prática do treinamento concorrente (TCc) e jejum intermitente (JI). Este éum estudo experimental, foram utilizados 39 ratos machos adultos da raça wistar. Os ratos foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: controle (C [n=12]), controle jejum(CJ [n=11]), treinamento (T [n=8]) e treinamento jejum (TJ [n=8]). Foi realizado o teste de carga crítica para avaliação e determinação da intensidade de esforçodo treinamento aeróbio (TA) (natação). O protocolo de treinamento resistido (TR) (anaeróbio), consistiu em quatro séries de 10 saltos, com sobrecargacorrespondente a 50% do peso corporal de cada animal. Desta forma, o TCc foi composto por um protocolo de TA e TR. O período de JI foi de 12/12 horas, tendoinício às 21:00 e término às 9:00 horas. O período de treinamento foi composto por 4 semanas. Ao final do experimento, foram realizadas as análises de consumoalimentar, pesagem do tecido adiposo e morfometria do músculo Gastrocnêmio. A análise de dados foi realizada pelos testes: Shapiro-Wilk; Anova; Pós-teste deTukey e Kruskal-Wallis com pós teste de Dunn. Todos os procedimentos assumiram o erro de 5% (p<0,05). Ao final do experimento, foi possível observar que osanimais do grupo TJ apresentaram menores valores para variável Gordura Visceral e consumo alimentar. Também foi verificado qu e todos os grupos tratadosdemonstram aumento da área de secção transversa do músculo gastrocnêmio. Conclui-se que o treinamento realizado de forma isolada demonstrou maior aumentodos miócitos quando comparado aos demais grupos experimentais. Além disso, foi possível verificar que os animais do grupo CJ tiveram maior consumo alimentare o grupo TJ apresentou menores valores para variável massa corporal e tecido adiposo.
Philosophy of education in the context of digital transformation of public life
Authors: Ivanova O.S. , Kit Nataliia , Storozhyk Maryna
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between the philosophy of education and modern technological changes in society. The relevance of the study is determined by the rapidity of digital transformation, which transforms the educational landscape and requires rethinking approaches to learning.The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations aimed at overcoming the problems that hinder the transformation of education in Ukraine in the context of active digital transformation of public life.To achieve this goal, the study performed a number of tasks: the essence and content of the philosophy of education are considered; the main emphases of the new philosophy of education are identified, such as the creation of an innovative, technology-oriented learning environment, focus on deep digital transformation; the main technologies and developments that determine digital transformation in education are analyzed; the current challenges of digital transformation in education are highlighted; based on the results obtained, recommendations are put forward to overcome such challenges. The study used general scientific methods of cognition: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, association and analogy.The study found that the revolutionary development of innovative technologies has called into question the established principles of modern education. Therefore, a paradigm shift in the philosophy of education is needed, which should focus on creating an innovative, technology-oriented learning environment and be strategically aligned with comprehensive digital transformation. However, the pace of digital transformation in Ukraine's education system is rather slow, due to unequal access to digital technologies, insufficient digital literacy, lack of quality and relevant content and resources, unstable and expensive Internet connections in some regions, and insufficient attention to cybersecurity. Addressing these challenges requires significant investments in building digital infrastructure, providing strong support to educators in mastering and using digital technologies, developing and implementing high-quality digital content for educational programs, and creating mechanisms to improve its accessibility. In addition, it is necessary to introduce reliable measures to protect educational institutions from potential cyber threats.The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the results obtained to the development and implementation of digital transformation strategies in the educational sector of Ukraine.