bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Green Climate for Environmental Sustainability in Selected Public Universities in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Olanipekun Lateef Okikiola , Genty Kabiru Ishola
Published: September 2024

The success of an organisation's environmental sustainability agenda is contingent on the personal environmental beliefs of its employees and their pro-environmental behaviours. This study examined psychological green climate and environmental sustainability in selected public universities in Lagos. This study adopted a descriptive design anchored on a positivist research philosophy. Multi-sampling techniques were used, and a sample size of two hundred and seventy-nine respondents from five selected public universities made up the study, with responses harvested through a structured questionnaire. Findings heralding from the study stipulated that individual green values were positively associated with environmental well-being. A significant relationship was found between green employee behaviour and green creativity. The study holds that a psychologically green climate could enhance individual green values and influence their conviction towards effective accomplishment of environmental objectives by addressing environmental challenges and creatively carrying out green initiatives.
Artificial Intelligence Approach to Psychological Wellbeing Among the Ageing Population
Authors: Srinivasan S. , Rajavel N.
Published: September 2024

This research examines how biological ageing presents opportunities for Artificial Intelligence (AI). It aims to analyze AI's role in understanding ageing and disease, evaluate recent AI applications in ageing research, assess the feasibility of AI integration in ageing studies, explore the growth of longevity medicine, and investigate the advantages of AI technologies. Using secondary data analysis, the study identifies research gaps and explores AI's potential benefits. Study critical analysis of ageing theory, biological age, and deep ageing clocks. The study also evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of integrating AI in longevity medicine. The significance of the study is that it emphasizes the care support and rehabilitation services of ageing people. Ultimately, it aims to understand AI's potential in advancing ageing research and its implications for longevity medicine. AI effectively utilizes and protects health data, and improves geriatric care.
Blockchain Framework for Precision Medicine, Clinical Trials, and Genomic Biomarkers Discovery
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian
Published: September 2024

The healthcare industry marked by the advent of precision medicines and the continuous evolution of clinical trial methodologies. This transformation has unleashed an avalanche of healthcare data, necessitating innovative approaches to data management, security and transparency. Precision medicine with its focus on personalized patient care has led to a proliferation of patient-specific data, encompassing genomics, clinical records and real-time sensor data. Clinical trials have evolved to accommodate increasingly diverse datasets and decentralized trial designs. The majority of human diseases are intricate conditions influenced by numerous genetic pathways. Consequently, a single phenotype such as a complex disease may arise from various potential genomic or epigenetic alterations, including mutations, copy number variations, and epigenetic modifications. This chapter comprehensive explores the blockchain framework for precision medicine and clinical trials as a transformative solution for the data management challenges inherent in modern healthcare.
The Ethical Dilemma of Using (Generative) AI to Science and Research
Authors: Ali Syed Ibad , Shaikh Mohammad Shahnawaz
Published: September 2024

Using Artificial intelligence (AI) in research offers many important benefits for science and society but also creates novel and complex ethical issues. While these ethical issues do not necessitate changing established ethical norms of science, they require the Scientific community to develop new guidance for the appropriate use of AI. In this article, we briefly introduce AI and explain how it can be used in research, examine some of the ethical issues raised when using it, and offer recommendations for responsible use, including: Researchers are responsible for identifying, describing, reducing, and controlling AI-related biases and random errors; Researchers should disclose, describe, and explain their use of AI in research, including its limitations, in language that can be understood by non-experts; Researchers should engage with impacted communities, populations, and other stakeholders concerning the use of AI in research to obtain their advice and assistance and address their interests and concerns, such as issues related to bias.
Exploring Ethical Dimensions of AI Assistants and Chatbots
Authors: Porna Shweta Bhattacharjee , Ahmad Munir , Vallejo Rubén González , Shahzadi Iram , Rahman Md. Asifur
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the ethical implications of chatbots and AI assistants, focusing on privacy and data security, bias and fairness, transparency and accountability, user autonomy, employment impacts, manipulation and persuasion, user well-being, cultural sensitivity, and sustainability. Privacy and data security are paramount, emphasizing user consent and trust in data handling. Bias in AI systems can perpetuate discrimination, necessitating proactive measures for fairness. Transparency and accountability are critical for user trust, requiring clear communication and regulatory frameworks. User autonomy must be respected, allowing control over AI interactions. The impact on employment highlights the need for strategies to manage job displacement and skill development. AI's potential for manipulation necessitates ethical guidelines to prevent misuse. Ensuring user well-being involves addressing mental health risks and misinformation. Cultural sensitivity in AI design promotes inclusivity. Sustainability considerations address the environmental impact of AI systems.
Application of a community-based management approach for sustainable governance of kraal (Ja-kotu) fisheries in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gammanpila Menake
Published: September 2024

The institutional robustness of the community-based management systems of the kraal (Ja-kotu) fisheries in Madu ganga, Bolgoda lake, and Jaffna lagoon in Sri Lanka were assessed for compliance with Ostrom’s modified design principles through the utilization of their knowledge in resource management. Out of the total number of 38, 8, and 3,000 fishers from Madu ganga, Bolgoda lake, and Jaffna lagoon respectively, a semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview 90%, 88%, and 10% of the fishers, and focus group discussions (n = 10) were conducted over a period of one year. The socio-demographic profiles of Ja-kotu fishers in the three places indicated that most of the fishers were in the >40 years of age group, respectively, with at least 41% of fishers in the three places having over 20 years of experience in fishing. In Bolgoda lake, many fishers (57%) have sufficient formal education (up to GCE: Ordinary Level). Almost all the fishers interviewed, 94%, 71%, and 98% of fishers in Madu ganga, Bolgoda lake, and Jaffna lagoon, stated that the ownership of the Ja-kotu fishery was passed down from generation to generation. Individual fishers voluntarily monitored fishing activities and resources, and there were strong mechanisms to share the cost among fishers in three places proportionally. Though there is no proper legislation to define user boundaries for Ja-kotu fishers in all places, the multi-layer institutional structure of Ja-kotu fishers in the Jaffna lagoon was comparatively strong enough to support their decision-making process. After declaring Madu ganga as a Ramsar wetland site, the traditional community rights and institutional structures of Ja-kotu fishers are not supported by responsible fishery management mechanisms. The customary institutions unveil the general weakness of key interactions with organizations, suggesting that a community needs strong institutional support to face socioeconomic, political, and institutional challenges to govern common pool resources.
“Roots of Reluctance”: Exploring the Reasons Behind the Management Undergraduates’ Less Preference for Qualitative Research Approaches. - A Case of Sri Lankan State University
Authors: Bandara G. R. D. C. D. , Krithika L. , Nisansala M. R. , Premachandra Y. B. , Priyantha H. R. D. A. , Sukirthan T. , Thushari J. A. P. L. , Wickramathilaka P. M. I. V. K. , Wijesundara W. M. H. W.
Published: September 2024

The study was contextually undertaken in the Faculty of Management (FOM) at a State University of Sri Lanka with two objectives: to explore the reasons for the less preference for qualitative approaches and to classify such contextual reasons for a proper understanding that is necessary for practical implications of diverse parties. The key study areas of undergraduates’ perspectives on qualitative research and influences on them when selecting the research approach were majorly subjective. Thus, the philosophical paradigm is qualitative interpretivism. Thematic Analysis was conducted on the data collected through semi-structured interviews with 27 students who belong to a final year from different genders and ethnicities. Purposive sampling was undertaken by the researchers to narrow down the population into samples. The study found four major themes, the impact of the learning environment, the role of supervisors, the impact of the mindset of undergraduates, and the perception of the qualitative research process being the areas of reasons for less preference. This study is one of the initial qualitative explorations on the reasons influencing the choice of undergraduates about their final year research.
Taxonomic notes, new species, and new records of Neotropical Cerambycidae (Coleoptera)
Authors: Santos-Silva Antonio , Pérez-Flores Oscar , Botero Juan Pablo
Published: September 2024

Haplidus glabricollis Chemsak and Linsley, 1964 is synonymised with Limernaea ochracea (Fisher, 1927) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Oemini). Adetus scissicauda (Bates, 1874) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Apomecynini) is reinstated, and Adetus alboapicalis Breuning, 1943 is proposed as a junior synonym. Adetus salvadorensis Franz, 1954 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Laminae: Apomecynini) is redescribed and recorded from Oaxaca, Mexico. Plistonax antonkozlovi Santos-Silva et al., 2020 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Acanthoderini) and Hesychotypa danilevskyi Nearns and Nascimento, 2019 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Onciderini) are recorded for the first time for the province of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Dorcasta borealis Breuning, 1940 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Apomecynini) is newly recorded from Mexico (Yucatán). The type locality of Eupogonius longipilis Bates, 1880 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Desmiphorini) is corroborated and new state record from Chiapas, Mexico, is reported. Eupogonius vittipennis Bates, 1885 is recorded for Campeche, Mexico. Trichastylopsis skillmaninew species (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Laminae: Acanthocinini) is described from Jalisco and Michoacán, Mexico.
Propofol alleviates M1 polarization and neuroinflammation of microglia in a subarachnoid hemorrhage model in vitro, by targeting the miR-140-5p/TREM-1/NF-κB signaling axis
Authors: Wang Lan , Fan Zhenyu , Wang Haijin , Xiang Shougui
Published: September 2024

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating stroke caused by ruptured intracranial aneurysms, leading to blood accumulation around the brain. Early brain injury (EBI) within 72 h post-SAH worsens prognosis, primarily due to intense neuroinflammation. Microglia, pivotal in central nervous system defense and repair, undergo M1 to M2 polarization post-SAH, with M1 exacerbating neuroinflammation. Propofol (PPF), an anesthetic with anti-inflammatory properties, shows promise in mitigating neuroinflammation in SAH by modulating microglial activation. It likely acts through microRNAs like miR-140-5p, which attenuates microglial activation and inflammation by targeting TREM-1 and the NF-κB pathway. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to new therapeutic approaches for SAH-related EBI. In this study, BV-2 cell was used to establish in vitro model of SAH, and the expression of miR-140-5p and TREM-1 was detected after modeling. Microglial activity, apoptosis, the inflammatory pathway and response, oxidative damage, and M1/M2 polarization of microglia were evaluated by drug administration or transfection according to experimental groups. Finally, the targeting relationship between miR-140-5p and TREM-1 was verified by dual luciferase reporter assays, and the effect of PPF on the miR-140-5p/TREM-1/NF-κB signaling cascade was evaluated by RT‒qPCR or Western blotting. PPF effectively mitigates apoptosis, neuroinflammation, oxidative damage, and M1 microglial polarization in SAH. In SAH cells, PPF upregulates miR-140-5p and downregulates TREM-1. Mechanistically, PPF boosts miR-140-5p expression, while TREM-1, a downstream target of miR-140-5p, inhibits NF-κB signaling by regulating TREM-1, promoting M1 to M2 microglial polarization. Reduced miR-140-5p or increased TREM-1 counters PPF's therapeutic impact on SAH cells. In conclusion, PPF plays a neuroprotective role in SAH by regulating the miR-140-5p/TREM-1/NF-κB signaling axis to inhibit neuroinflammation and M1 polarization of microglia.
Study on the mechanism of Shenling Baizhu powder on the pathogenesis of pregnancy complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver, based on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signal pathway
Authors: Le Yao , Wang Zhijun , Zhang Qian , Miao Ling , Wang Xiaohong , Han Guorong
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of Shenlin Baizhu powder in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) during pregnancy and its mechanism through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Eight healthy male and 24 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. After acclimatization, 6 female rats were fed normal chow, and 18 female rats were fed high-fat chow to induce NAFLD. After 8 weeks, female rats were mated with males to create a pregnant NAFLD model. The rats were divided into four groups: normal feeding, high-fat diet with saline, high-fat diet with 1.6 g/kg Shenlin Baizhu powder, and high-fat diet with 4.8 g/kg Shenlin Baizhu powder. Maternal body weight, serum and liver levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), related inflammatory indexes interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. Liver tissue was examined using hematoxylin and oil red O staining, and protein expression related to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was assessed via Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results showed significant weight gain and increases in ALT, AST, TG, TC, LDL-C, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, along with decreased HDL-C in NAFLD rats compared to controls. The high and low-dose Shenlin Baizhu powder groups exhibited improvements in body weight, liver histopathology, and reductions in serum TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, with increased HDL-C levels. Notably, the high-dose group showed greater efficacy in reducing hepatic fat accumulation, liver function markers, blood lipids, and inflammatory indexes, and decreased expression of hepatic PPARγ mRNA, SREBP1 mRNA, AKT mRNA, and related proteins. Shenlin Baizhu powder demonstrates potential in ameliorating high-fat diet-induced NAFLD in pregnant rats, likely through modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting its therapeutic potential for gestational NAFLD.
Regional lake-sediment geochemical data from northern Manitoba (NTS 064-G): reanalysis data and QA/QC evaluation
Authors: Amor S. D. , Couëslan C. G. , Gauthier M. S. , Martins T. , McCurdy M. W. , Day S. J. A. , Adcock S. W.
Published: September 2024

Le présent rapport présente de nouvelles données géochimiques et les résultats de l’assurance de la qualité et du contrôle de la qualité (AQ/CQ) de la réanalyse d’échantillons de sédiments lacustres prélevés dans le nord du Manitoba (SNRC 64-G), prélevés sur une superficie approximative de 13 300 km2 avec une densité moyenne d’un échantillon par 15 km2. Les premiers programmes d’échantillonnage ont été réalisés en 1984 et les résultats sont présentés dans le dossier public 1105 de la Commission géologique du Canada. Des échantillons de sédiments lacustres provenant de 881 sites ont été réanalysés entre 2020 et 2022. Les échantillons ont été mesurés pour 65 éléments par aquarège modifiée – spectrométrie de masse à plasma à couplage inductif, et pour 35 éléments par analyse d’activation neutronique instrumentale. Pour garantir des données géochimiques de haute qualité, les données ont été évaluées pour en vérifier l’exactitude, la précision et l’adéquation à l’usage. Les résultats de l’AQ/CQ ont permis d’identifier plusieurs éléments à surveiller attentivement en vue d’analyses futures.
Association between coagulation indicators and menorrhagia among women in Kenya
Authors: Marabi Phidelis M. , Musyoki Stanslaus K. , Monari Fred , Kosiyo Paul M. , Ouma Collins
Published: September 2024

Background: Despite the significant burden of menorrhagia (bleeding 80 mL every menstrual cycle) among women in Western Kenya, it remains unknown whether coagulation disorders are an important underlying cause of this condition in the region.Objective: This study assessed differences in coagulation profiles, associations between menorrhagia and coagulation profiles and compared morphological features of platelets among women attending Bungoma County Referral Hospital in Kenya.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study of women with and without menorrhagia, aged 18–45 years, was performed between December 2022 and September 2023. Sociodemographic factors, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, international normalised ratio (INR), and platelet count were compared between groups, and associations with menorrhagia were assessed. Prothrombin time and INR levels above normal references were deemed increased.Results: A total of 428 (214 per group) women were included. Family history of bleeding disorders (p  0.0001) was more frequent in menorrhagic than in non-menorrhagic women. Additionally, menorrhagic women had high PT (p  0.0001) and high INR (p  0.0001) levels. Menorrhagia was significantly associated with an increased PT (odds ratio = 2.129, 95% confidence interval = 1.658–2.734; p  0.0001) and increased INR (odds ratio = 7.479, 95% confidence interval = 3.094–18.080; p  0.0001).Conclusion: In this population in Western Kenya, menorrhagia was associated with a family history of bleeding disorders, increased PT, and increased INR. Routine assessment of the coagulation profile and family history of bleeding disorders is crucial for diagnosing and managing menorrhagia.What this study adds: Our findings suggest that menorrhagic and non-menorrhagic women differ in terms of PT and INR, which may be predictive of menorrhagia.
Erratum: Exploring 19th-century medical mission in China: Forging modern roots of Chinese medicine
Authors: Zhang Youheng
Published: September 2024

No abstract available.
Two hundred years of indigenous literature in South Africa
Authors: Odendaal Andre
Published: September 2024

As far back as the 1860s, Tiyo Soga wrote about the need to collect and write stories about African pasts so that they could be deposited in newspaper archives, which could become a ‘big corn pit’ of knowledge for the nation. His biographer noted that he was sometimes up after midnight in a hut, ‘notebook in hand’, learning from ‘wrinkled countrymen of his own’ about the past. Izibongo zoogxa, a compilation of some of the writings of Samuel Edward Krune (S.E.K.) Mqhayi, one of the most important figures in the history of Xhosa literature, is part of the multigenerational harvest that Soga envisaged, and there are two special reasons to celebrate its publication.
Reterritorialisation of the transformative power of self-care activities: Students’ wellness
Authors: Mthembu Thuli G. , Dube Tibuyile L. , Milojevic Tijana , Ndaramu Beverly P. , Nyangaza Philasande , Qolo Siyamtanda O. , Steenkamp Candice
Published: September 2024

Students including health sciences at universities that appear to subscribe to neoliberal logic are at risk for social injustices and inequalities, anxiety, depression, academic demands and unethical activities. There has been little discussion about students’ self-care and well-being in and beyond the neoliberal universities. This article explored the transformative power of self-care activities on the wellness and learning of health sciences students at a university in the Western Cape, South Africa. A qualitative exploratory-descriptive research approach was conducted with 10 health sciences students purposively recruited from a South African university. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Three themes identified from the analysis were: students’ understanding of self-care, engagement in self-care activities and the transformative power of self-care activities. The key barriers to engagement in self-care activities were academic demands and unsafe environments; however, the students had to make time and effort.Contribution: This article makes several noteworthy contributions to how self-care horizontal and complicated conversations can be infused into health sciences education and work-integrated learning contexts to heal and transform the wounds of neoliberal logic at universities. Additionally, we propound the applicability of ubuntu currere (ubuntu curriculum) and wellness as liberating frameworks that can be used for reterritorialisation and reconceptualisation of self-care and well-being to cultivate health sciences students’ professional and personal development.
Neo-Liberalism’s Shadows: Modern slavery in South African Higher Education
Authors: Steynberg Lizl , Grundling Jan P. , Venter Marius
Published: September 2024

Neoliberal ideology globally prioritises competition and productivity over staff well-being in higher education, leading to exploitative practices and heightened stress among academic faculty, culminating in what can be termed modern academic slavery. This study investigates the contemporary impact of neoliberalism on South African universities, focussing on governance, funding and academic freedom, and how these factors contribute to deteriorating conditions for academic staff and toxic work environments. This research examines academic experiences in a South African urban higher education institution (HEI) utilizing a single-case study approach. It examines their context within institutional and societal trends. Using a single-case ideographic approach in a South African HEI, the study utilises detailed documentation, incident analysis and literature review to understand academic enslavement within the chosen HEI, contextualising the academic’s experiences within these broader institutional and societal trends. The findings reveal four key themes: moral disengagement, corporate malfeasance, exploitative labour practices, and labour coercion, illustrating the widespread exploitation of academic staff. The study advocates for urgent interventions to ensure respectful treatment, foster ethical work environments, and address disparities between administrators and faculty. It calls for autonomy, ethical leadership and a culture of inquiry in HEIs to combat modern academic slavery while acknowledging the need for further action and exploration.Contribution: This study underscores the current impact of neoliberalism on higher education in South Africa, exposing challenges for academic staff and advocating systemic reforms. It emphasises the necessity for future investigations into institutional accountability and strategies to enhance staff well-being in HEIs.
Advancing prognostic understanding in hepatocellular carcinoma through the integration of genomic instability and lncRNA signatures: GILncSig model
Authors: Bocchetti Marco , Misso Gabriella , Zappavigna Silvia , Scrima Marianna , Caraglia Michele , Pentimalli Francesca , Cossu Alessia Maria
Published: September 2024

The recently published study by Duan et al introduces a promising method that combines genomic instability and long non-coding RNAs to improve the prognostic evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a deadly cancer associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. This editorial aims to analyze the methodology, key findings, and broader implications of the study within the fields of gastroenterology and oncological surgery, highlighting the shift towards precision medicine in the management of HCC.
Serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 72-4, carbohydrate antigen 24-2, ferritin) and gastric cancer prognosis correlation
Authors: Zhu Jie-Wen , Gong Ling-Zhen , Wang Qian-Wen
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer is a kind of malignant tumor which is prevalent all over the world. Although some progress has been made in the treatment of gastric cancer, its prognosis is still not optimistic, so it is of great significance to find reliable prognostic indicators to guide the treatment and management of patients with gastric cancer.

AIM

To explore the relationship between serum levels of five biomarkers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA72-4, CA24-2, and ferritin] and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.

METHODS

This study included 200 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, and conducted an in-depth analysis of their baseline characteristics, relationship between tumor markers and staging, and prognosis. The study found that CA19-9 has a significant correlation with tumor stage, the average levels of CA24-2, CEA, CA72-4 and ferritin were slightly increased disregarding the stage of tumor. Survival analysis showed that increases in CEA, CA19-9, CA24-2, and ferritin were all associated with shortened overall survival of patients. Further multivariate analysis revealed that elevated serum CA72-4 levels were an independent adverse prognostic factor.

RESULTS

This study reveals that there is a significant correlation between the expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, CA24-2 and ferritin in patients with gastric cancer and prognosis, and can be used as important indicators for prognostic evaluation of gastric cancer. In particular, markers that appear abnormally elevated initially may help identify gastric cancer patients with poor prognosis.

CONCLUSION

Serum CEA and CA19-9 play an important role in the prognosis assessment of gastric cancer, and are effective tools to guide clinical practice and optimize individualized treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients.
Impact of dexmedetomidine-assisted anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer
Authors: Tian Xiao-Peng , Bu Hui-Min , Ma Hong-Yan , Zhao Min
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Radical resection of colon cancer under general anesthesia is one of the main treatment methods for this malignancy. However, due to the physiological characteristics of elderly patients, the safety of perioperative anesthesia needs special attention. As an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, dexmedetomidine (Dex) has attracted much attention from anesthesiologists due to its stabilizing effect on heart rate and blood pressure, inhibitory effect on inflammation, and sedative and analgesic effects. Its application in general anesthesia may have a positive impact on the quality of anesthesia and postoperative recovery in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of colon cancer.

AIM

To investigate the anesthetic effects of Dex during radical surgery for colon cancer under general anesthesia in elderly patients.

METHODS

A total of 165 colon cancer patients who underwent radical surgery for colon cancer under general anesthesia at Qingdao University Affiliated Haici Hospital, Qingdao, China were recruited and divided into two groups: A and B. In group A, Dex was administered 30 min before surgery, while group B received an equivalent amount of normal saline. The hemodynamic changes, pulmonary compliance, airway pressure, inflammatory factors, confusion assessment method scores, Ramsay Sedation-Agitation Scale scores, and cellular immune function indicators were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

Group A showed less intraoperative hemodynamic fluctuations, better pulmonary compliance, and lower airway resistance compared with group B. Twelve hours after the surgery, the serum levels of TLR-2, TLR-4, IL-6, and TNF-α in group A were significantly lower than those of group B (P < 0.05). After extubation, the Ramsay Sedation-Agitation Scale score of group A patients was significantly higher than that of group B patients, indicating a higher level of sedation. The incidence of delirium was significantly lower in group A than in group B (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The use of Dex as an adjunct to general anesthesia for radical surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer results in better effectiveness of anesthesia.
Advancing gastrointestinal stromal tumor management: The role of imagomics features in precision risk assessment
Authors: Pan Gui-Hai , Zhou Fei , Chen Wu-Biao , Pan Ze-Jun
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) vary widely in prognosis, and traditional pathological assessments often lack precision in risk stratification. Advanced imaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offer potential improvements. This study investigates how MRI imagomics can enhance risk assessment and support personalized treatment for GIST patients.

AIM

To assess the effectiveness of MRI imagomics in improving GIST risk stratification, addressing the limitations of traditional pathological assessments.

METHODS

Analyzed clinical and MRI data from 132 GIST patients, categorizing them by tumor specifics and dividing into risk groups. Employed dimension reduction for optimal imagomics feature selection from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), and contrast enhanced T1WI with fat saturation (CE-T1WI) fat suppress (fs) sequences.

RESULTS

Age, lesion diameter, and mitotic figures significantly correlated with GIST risk, with DWI sequence features like sphericity and regional entropy showing high predictive accuracy. The combined T1WI and CE-T1WI fs model had the best predictive efficacy. In the test group, the DWI sequence model demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.960 with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 100.0%. On the other hand, the combined performance of the T1WI and CE-T1WI fs models in the test group was the most robust, exhibiting an AUC value of 0.834, a sensitivity of 70.4%, and a specificity of 85.2%.

CONCLUSION

MRI imagomics, particularly DWI and combined T1WI/CE-T1WI fs models, significantly enhance GIST risk stratification, supporting precise preoperative patient assessment and personalized treatment plans. The clinical implications are profound, enabling more accurate surgical strategy formulation and optimized treatment selection, thereby improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on multicenter studies to validate these findings, integrate advanced imaging technologies like PET/MRI, and incorporate genetic factors to achieve a more comprehensive risk assessment.
Pain and immune function in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery following stellate ganglion block with total intravenous anesthesia
Authors: Wu Zhen , Cai Hong-Qin , Wang Chun-Feng , Yu Xiang-Yuan , Wang Jie-Qiong
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Stellate ganglion block is a commonly used sympathetic nerve block technique that restores the balance of the sympathetic and vagal nervous systems of the body and inhibits sympathetic nerve activity.

AIM

To analyze the effect of a stellate ganglion block combined with total diploma intravenous anesthesia on postoperative pain and immune function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastric cancer (GC) surgery to provide a reference basis for the formulation of anesthesia protocols for radical GC surgery.

METHODS

This study included 112 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical surgery for GC between January 2022 and March 2024. There was no restriction on sex. The patient grouping method used was a digital random table method, and the number of cases in each group was 56. The control group was administered total intravenous anesthesia, and the observation group compounded the stellate ganglion block according to the total intravenous anesthesia protocol. Postoperative hemodynamics, pain levels, and immune indices were compared between the groups.

RESULTS

The heart rate and mean arterial pressure in the observation group after intubation were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Pain levels were compared between the two groups at 2 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours after surgery (P > 0.05). The number of CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ cells at the end of surgery was higher in the observation group than in the control group, and the number of CD8+ cells was lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of propofol dosage, awakening time, extubation time, or postoperative adverse reactions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The application of a stellate ganglion block combined with total intravenous anesthesia had no significant effect on postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical GC surgery. However, it can safely reduce the effect of surgery on the immune function of patients and is worth applying in clinical practice.
Bowel preparation experiences and needs before follow-up colonoscopy in older adult postoperative colorectal cancer patients: A qualitative study
Authors: He Bin , Xin Yi , Li Rui , Lin Fu-Cai , Zhang Guang-Ming , Zhu Hai-Jing
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

The bowel preparation process prior to colonoscopy determines the quality of the bowel preparation, which in turn affects the quality of the colonoscopy. Colonoscopy is an essential procedure for postoperative follow-up monitoring of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Previous studies have shown that advanced age and a history of colorectal resection are both risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation. However, little attention has been paid to the bowel preparation experiences and needs of predominantly older adult postoperative CRC patients.

AIM

To explore the experiences and needs of older adult postoperative CRC patients during bowel preparation for follow-up colonoscopy.

METHODS

Fifteen older adult postoperative CRC patients who underwent follow-up colonoscopy at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai were selected using purposive sampling from August 2023 to November 2023. The phenomenological method in qualitative research was employed to construct an interview outline and conduct semi-structured interviews with the patients. Colaizzi's seven-step analysis was utilized to organize, code, categorize, summarize, and verify the interview data.

RESULTS

The results of this study were summarized into four themes and eight sub-themes: (1) Inadequate knowledge about bowel preparation; (2) Decreased physiological comfort during bowel preparation (gastrointestinal discomfort and sleep deprivation caused by bowel cleansing agents, and hunger caused by dietary restrictions; (3) Psychological changes during different stages of bowel preparation (pre-preparation: Fear and resistance due to previous experiences; during preparation: Irritation and helplessness caused by taking bowel cleansing agents, and post-preparation: Anxiety and worry while waiting for the colonoscopy); and (4) Needs related to bowel preparation (detailed instructions from healthcare professionals; more ideal bowel cleansing agents; and shortened waiting times for colonoscopy).

CONCLUSION

Older adult postoperative CRC patients' knowledge of bowel preparation is not adequate, and they may encounter numerous difficulties and challenges during the process. Healthcare professionals should place great emphasis on providing instruction for their bowel preparation.
Endoscopic clipping of gastrojejunostomy leakage following Whipple procedure: A case report
Authors: Muhammedoğlu Bahtiyar , Ay Oguzhan Fatih
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Currently, perioperative complications of classic Whipple surgery occur at a rate of approximately 40%. Common complications include delayed gastric emptying, pancreatic fistula, and bile leakage, whereas gastrojejunostomy (GJ) leakage is rare.

CASE SUMMARY

This case report will assess the management of a GJ leak in a 71-year-old male patient following the Whipple procedure. After surgery, the patient was transferred to the clinic after four days of intensive care, where vacuum therapy was used to handle a developing subcutaneous collection. The patient, who had bile in the drains and incision during follow-up, underwent endoscopic examination on the 21st day after the operation. An opening of approximately 4 mm was observed in the GJ anastomosis during endoscopy. Five titanium clips were used to close the openings. The drainage of bile decreased to less than 50 mL on the first day after the procedure, and the patient's oral intake was opened.

CONCLUSION

Current literature reports a GJ leakage rate of 0. 54% following Whipple surgery, with clinical findings lasting on average between 4-34 days. Surgery was the main form of therapy for this case, with a success rate of 84%, and percutaneous drainage was also utilized as a treatment option. This case report is the first to document endoscopic treatment of GJ leaks following the classic Whipple procedure.
Left inferior phrenic arterial malformation mimicking gastric varices: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wang Han , Tan Yi-Qing , Han Ping , Xu An-Hui , Mu Han-Lin , Zhu Zhe , Ma Li , Liu Mei , Xie Hua-Ping
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric submucosal arterial dilation resulting from splenic artery occlusion represents an exceedingly rare etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). Although endoscopy is a widely utilized diagnostic and therapeutic modality for gastrointestinal bleeding, it has limitations in detecting arterial abnormalities.

CASE SUMMARY

This report presents a rare case of massive UGIB in a 57-year-old male with a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery accompanied by splenic artery occlusion. “Gastric varices” was identified during the patient's endoscopy one year before hemorrhage. Despite initial hemostasis by endoscopic clipping, the patient experienced massive rebleeding after one month, requiring intervention with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) to achieve hemostasis.

CONCLUSION

This is the first case to report UGIB due to a tortuous left inferior phrenic artery. This case highlights the limitations of endoscopy in identifying arterial abnormalities and emphasizes the potential of TAE as a viable alternative for the management of arterial bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.
On the spontaneous magnetization of two-dimensional ferromagnets.
Authors: Pescia Danilo , Vindigni Alessandro
Published: September 2024

Ferromagnetism is typically discussed in terms of the exchange interaction and magnetic anisotropies. Yet real samples are inevitably affected by the magnetostatic dipole-dipole interaction. Because of this interaction, a theorem [R.B. Griffiths, Free Energy of interacting magnetic dipoles, Phys. Rev. 176, 655 (1968)] forbids a spontaneous magnetization in, nota bene, three-dimensional bodies. Here we discuss perpendicularly and in-plane magnetized ferromagnetic bodies in the shape of a slab of finite thickness. In perpendicularly magnetized slabs, magnetic domains are energetically favored when the lateral size is sufficiently large, i.e., there is no spontaneous magnetization. For in-plane magnetization, instead, spontaneous magnetization is possible below a critical thickness which, in very thin films, could be as small as few monolayers. At this critical thickness, we predict a genuine phase transition to a multi-domain state. These results have implications for two-dimensional ferromagnetism.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGEMBANGAN DESIGN PACKAGING PRODUK UMKM OLAHAN SAMBAL IKAN ASIN SIAP SAJI DI KELURAHAN BANTEN DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING DAN PENJUALAN
Authors: Asfar Andi Hasryningsih , Mahendra Yoga , Riyanto Afit , Fadillah Syafira Nur , Rohmah Siti
Published: September 2024

One form of this Community Service activity is to assist salted fish-processed MSMEs in Banten Village, Kasemen District, Serang City, Banten Province which has the potential to develop. In its implementation, these MSMEs experience obstacles that hinder the development of their business, namely salted fish packaging which is still traditional in nature which can accelerate decay and reduce the taste quality of the salted fish. By choosing the right packaging will increase the age and quality of sales of processed salted fish. Through this community service, we from lecturers and students of Group 07 KKM Bina Bangsa University will assist in the development of packaging design so that salted fish processed products produced by MSMEs in Banten Village are able to compete with other products. Methods used with training and mentoring. The results show that the selection of product packaging produced by MSMEs has increased competitiveness in the market and increased sales
PENYULUHAN PENTINGNYA MELANJUTKAN PENDIDIKAN KE PERGURUAN TINGGI GUNA MENEKAN MINAT LULUSAN SLTA UNTUK BEKERJA KE LUAR NEGERI SEBAGAI BURUH MIGRAN
Authors: Lilis Lilis , Saepudin Saepudin , Wulandari Gustini
Published: September 2024

Taking education to higher education should be the need for High School students (SMA / SMK / MA) who have graduated from school. However, the awareness of high school graduates to take up to the university level is still very low in Lontar Village, Tirtayasa District, Serang Regency is still very low, most of them do not continue their education to college, the reason is influenced by several factors. The first factor is the economic limitations of their parents who in fact work as traditional fishermen. The second factor is that they want to change their fortunes quickly without having to continue their education which is a very long process and work abroad as migrant workers with very lucrative salaries. There are still many people who do not receive education to a higher level of education, this is proven by the people of Lontar Village many children who have graduated from junior high school and high school prefer to work abroad to become migrant workers rather than go to college. This is due to the lack of public awareness and insight into the importance of higher education. In addition, there is a lack of information about government programs and assistance related to scholarships to underprivileged communities. It has been described above that there is very little curiosity of parents in Lontar village regarding higher education. Parents put more emphasis on their children that after graduating from school they have to earn money to help the family economy by working abroad as migrant workers, as well as destination countries namely Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Qatar and Malaysia. It is hoped that the holding of educational counseling activities for MTs and Senior High School students in Lontar Village will trigger students who have graduated from studying and who have not yet graduated have dreams of continuing their education to Higher Education. Hopefully through education and the right information, the young generation in Lontar Village in particular and in Indonesia in general can make smart decisions about their future with education.
PENDAMPINGAN INOVASI PRODUK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI JUAL UMKM KUE GIPANG DESA PEMATANG
Authors: Sukmawati Sri , Dewi Irma Nurmala , Mahpudoh Mahpudoh , Jefri Ulfi , Romdhoningsih Diana , Putra Abraham , Anggraini Anggi
Published: September 2024

This community service activity is carried out in villages whose MSMEs need assistance, namely Pematang village, Kragilan District. The partner of this activity is a gipang cake MSME. Mitra has never made innovations both in terms of taste and packaging. Given the large number of gipang cake business actors, the selling value is also definitely competitive in the market. So community service activities were carried out with the aim of increasing the selling value of gipang cake products in Pematang village. The methods used are socialization and mentoring. The results of the activity show that the community, especially MSME players, is able to produce innovative and creative products to add to the selling value of the product. MSME players are also accompanied in packaging and labeling products. The product innovations produced in this activity are peanut gipang cake, pineapple gipang cake and chocolate gipang cake.
SOSIALISASI PENDIDIKAN POLITIK : PENTINGNYA NETRALITAS APARATUR PEMERINTAH DESA MENYONSONG PEMILU 2024
Authors: Luth Luth , Nurkholiq Edi
Published: September 2024

General elections in a country are an effort to realize good governance and the realization of a democratic state. However, it causes legal problems in the field such as the occurrence of attitudes of state officials or state officials, in this case, one of which is the head and village officials who often participate in efforts to win one of the candidates participating in the election. The method used is Discussion, Simulation.The results of this  activity can provide high understanding among the Juwiring Village Government Apparatus, Cepiring District, as well as increase student experience to take part in the implementation of Political Education courses
PENGUATAN EKONOMI SIRKULAR DAN PENCIPTAAN ECOPRENEURSHIP SEBAGAI PENANGANAN LIMBAH MINYAK GORENG BEKAS DI SMA / SMK KOTA SERANG
Authors: Tsani Rubby Rahman , Maulani Syifa Fajar , Handayani Melia , Nirmala Ira , Zuhariyah Permata Sari Diah , PS Nabila Aghita , Rachman Luthfy , Soebhi Billal
Published: September 2024

The growing population can have an impact on the pressure on the availability of natural resources. So the need to encourage industry, business, and consumers to recycle and consume responsibly is one of the 17 Global Goals laid out in the Sustainable Development Goals of SDGs 2030. The problem of used cooking oil waste is one of them. The PkM program is a means of education on waste treatment. The application of circular economy  and ecopreneurship aims to minimize the use of materials and resources. The methods to be used in this program are counseling, training, mentoring and evaluation. The expected output target is to provide knowledge, training, business incubation for ecopreneurs and assistance in making aromatherapy candles. SMAN 3 Serang City and SMAN 6 Serang City were targeted in counseling as well as the practice of making aromatherapy candles made from used cooking oil waste. Of the 120 students involved, only 37% (44 people) understood this. After the presentation, the students' knowledge increased by 61% (73 people). These young people become  the successor agents of the flow of information and education to their family and social environment from the results of strengthening the circular economy