bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of various options for surgical treatment and prevention of proximal junctional kyphosis in patients with lumbar spine deformities and concomitant osteoporosis
Authors: Basankin I. V. , Ptashnikov D. A. , Masevnin S. V. , Afaunov A. A. , Giulzatyan A. A. , Takhmazyan K. K.
Published: March 2022

Objective. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of various options for the prevention of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) in the surgical treatment of adult patients with deformities of the lumbar spine, including taking into account the degree of correction of the lumbar lordosis.

Material and Methods. The results of instrumental fixation of the spine performed in 140 adult patients with severe frontal spinal deformity and/or sagittal imbalance corresponding to types III and IV according to Berjano and Lamartina were studied. The patients were divided into 4 clinical groups depending on the methods of surgical treatment: in 36 cases, correction of lumbar lordosis of no more than 30° was performed without the use of PJK prevention methods (Group I); in 24 – the same correction was supplemented with laminar fixation of the vertebra above the fusion zone (Group II); 20 patients underwent complete restoration of the sagittal and frontal balance with prophylactic vertebroplasty of the superjacent vertebra above the zone of instrumental fixation (Group III); and in 60 – the same intervention was performed without the use of the PJK prevention  methods (Group IV).

Results. Statistically significant differences in lumbar lordosis, difference in the pelvic angle and lumbar lordosis, and displacement of the sagittal vertical axis were found between the pairs of groups I and II, and III and IV. Postoperative values of the index of the proximal junctional angle (PJA) in patients of Group II differed significantly from the corresponding indicators of other groups. A statistically significant increase in the PJA after surgery was found in patients of groups III and IV. There was a statistically significant decrease in PJK cases in Group II in comparison with other groups (p = 0.001), as well as more pronounced trend to decrease in pain intensity and ODI score. Laminar fixation of the superjacent vertebra leads to a decrease in local kyphosis over the area of instrumental fixation and reduces the load on the ventral parts of the vertebra. Prophylactic vertebroplasty (Group III) provides better results compared to a comparable cohort (Group IV).

Conclusion. Partial correction of lumbar lordosis (no more than 30°) and preventive laminar fixation of the superjacent vertebra showed significantly better clinical results (by more than 50 %; p = 0.001) compared with the other three clinical groups in terms of reducing the level of pain and improving the quality of life, as well as of decrease in number of cases of PJK development – by 16–28 % (p = 0.001).
A Study on the Teaching System to Promote Learning by Competition–A Case Study of the Business School of Lingnan Normal University
Authors: Yan Miaoru , Shia An-Shin , Badiane Kemo
Published: March 2022

The cultivation of high-quality talents with applied innovation is the fundamental task of undergraduate teaching in colleges and universities. Disciplinary competitions play a significant role in promoting and practicing in the cultivation of undergraduate students (Zhu P, 2020). Based on the analysis of the current situation of discipline competition and teaching in the Business School of Lingnan Normal University, this paper investigates the enthusiasm of business school students to participate in discipline competition in the form of a questionnaire and puts forward the problem of disconnection between theoretical and practical teaching at this stage. The data analysis of the results of the questionnaire survey and the review of relevant materials put forward solutions to various problems and provide a reference for the integration of practice and theoretical teaching of local college subject competitions.
Economic Analysis Methodologies Applied in Merger Investigations in the EU and China: Comparative Case Studies
Authors: Lyu Shuping , Buts Caroline , Jegers Marc
Published: March 2022

Understanding the application of economic analysis methods in merger reviews across various jurisdictions can benefit antitrust authorities when reviewing cases and aid the legal and economic teams that work with merging parties in better anticipating concerns and outcomes. The comparative studies on economic analysis methods applied in merger cases have mainly been focused on China/the US and the EU/US. The objective of this study is to explore how the EU and China apply economic analysis methods to merger control enforcement for the same concentrations, by means of a comparative case study. Two research questions are addressed: (i) What are the economic analysis methods employed by Chinese antitrust authorities when investigating merger cases and how are they used? (ii) What similarities and differences exist between the antitrust authorities in the EU and China in applying economic analysis methods during merger case reviews?
Nachder Krise istvorder Krise istinder Krise …
Authors: Weber Lena
Published: March 2022

Die „Care-Krise“ war schon längst vor der „Corona-Krise“ in den Sozialwissenschaften diagnostiziert worden. Während der Corona-Krise treten die strukturellen Widersprüche der Care-Krise – einerseits gestiegener Bedarf an Care-Arbeit und andererseits Fachkräftemangel in den Care-Berufen – noch deutlicher hervor und verschärfen die Arbeitsbedingungen in der formalen Pflegearbeit, wovon Frauen ungleich stärker betroffen sind. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht anhand einer qualitativen Interviewstudie die alltäglichen und biografischen Arbeitsarrangements von Eltern, die in der Pflege während der Corona-Pandemie erwerbstätig sind. Die Ergebnisse zur geschlechtlichen Arbeitsteilung geben Aufschluss darüber, inwieweit ein Ausbau der Kinderbetreuungsangebote zur Gleichstellung der Geschlechter und zugleich zu einer nachhaltigen Krisenprävention und einem leistungsfähigeren Gesundheits- und Pflegesystem beitragen kann. Das geschlechtliche Arbeitsarrangement des Typus Quasi-Single-Mum zeigt, dass gesellschaftliches Mutterbild und gestiegene Anforderungen an systemrelevante Arbeitskräfte widersprüchlich zueinander sind und auf der Subjektebene zu inneren Care-Konflikten der überwiegend weiblichen Pflegekräfte führen.
Verfestigte Klassenungleichheiten
Authors: Niehoff Steffen , Holst Hajo , Fessler Agnes
Published: March 2022

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich aus einer klassenanalytischen Perspektive mit der arbeitsweltlichen Dynamik der Corona-Pandemie. Auf der Basis eines Mixed-Methods-Designs, eines thematisch breiten arbeitssoziologischen Zugangs und von zwei Erhebungswellen des Arbeitswelt-Monitors „Arbeiten in der Corona-Krise“ werden die Pandemieeffekte im April/Mai 2020 und im April/ Mai 2021 miteinander verglichen. Quantitativ zeigt sich eine bemerkenswerte Kontinuität in der Risiko- und Lastenverteilung. Die beiden „harten Lockdowns“ unterscheiden sich kaum in den absoluten Betroffenheiten mit subjektiven Infektionsrisiken, wirtschaftlichen Lasten und verschlechterten Arbeitsbedingungen sowie im Zugang zum mobilen Arbeiten – und damit auch nicht in den vertikalen und horizontalen Klassenungleichheiten, die sich aus dem Zusammenspiel der Einzeleffekte ergeben. Zugleich deuten die qualitativen Interviews darauf hin, dass sich im Pandemieverlauf die Wahrnehmung der gesellschaftlichen Risiko- und Lastenverteilung verschiebt. In den stark betroffenen unteren Klassen bildet sich nämlich ein Spannungsverhältnis zwischen dem Stolz auf die eigenen Beiträge zur Pandemiebewältigung und den verfestigten Klassenungleichheiten in den Arbeitsfolgen heraus. Letztere werden zunehmend als Missachtung der eigenen Leistungen und als Angriff auf die menschliche Würde erlebt.
Die Coronapandemie: Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit und betriebliches Krisenmanagement
Authors: Becke Guido , Busse Britta , Zenz Cora , Pöser Stephanie , Mümken Sarah , Schicktanz Christel , Gerdau-Heitmann Cornelia
Published: March 2022

Auch in der Coronakrise korrespondiert ein niedriger sozioökonomischer Status (z.B. niedrige Bildung, niedriger beruflicher Status, niedrige Löhne) von Erwerbstätigen mit ungleich schlechteren Gesundheitschancen und größeren Krankheitsrisiken. Überdies sind verschiedene Tätigkeitsgruppen (mit jeweils spezifischen Qualifikationen und Status) unterschiedlichen Gesundheitsrisiken ausgesetzt, generell und im Besonderen, während eine hoch ansteckende Virusinfektion grassiert. Das Infektionsrisiko unterscheidet sich zwischen Berufsgruppen, die Interaktionsarbeit in Kopräsenz ausüben, und solchen, die sie primär technisch vermittelt verrichten. Die wegen der Covid-19-Pandemie von Betrieben zu treffenden Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen haben nicht-intendierte Folgen für die Arbeitsqualität, die abhängig vom Tätigkeitsfeld unterschiedlich ausfallen. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert vergleichend das Krisenmanagement und seine gesundheitlichen Herausforderungen bei Unternehmen der sozialen Dienste (Pflege, Hauswirtschaft) und der IT-Services sowie deren Auswirkungen auf die Beschäftigten und ihre Arbeitsqualität. Es wird anhand von Betriebsfallstudien verdeutlicht, dass das betriebliche Krisenmanagement einerseits gesundheitliche Ungleichheit zu begrenzen vermag, andererseits aber auch neue Arbeitsbelastungen hervorbringen kann, die Gesundheitschancen von Beschäftigten verschlechtern können.
Orthogonal gap-enhanced Raman tags for interference-free and ultrastable surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Li Jin , Liu Fugang , He Chang , Shen Feng , Ye Jian
Published: March 2022

Spectral interference from backgrounds is not negligible for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags and often influences the accuracy and reliability of SERS applications. We report the design and synthesis of orthogonal gap-enhanced Raman tags (O-GERTs) by embedding alkyne and deuterium-based reporters in the interior metallic nanogaps of core–shell nanoparticles and explore their signal orthogonality as optical probes against different backgrounds from common substrates and media (e.g., glass and polymer) to related targets (e.g., bacteria, cancer cells, and tissues). Proof-of-concept experiments show that the O-GERT signals in the fingerprint region (200–1800 cm−1) are likely interfered by various backgrounds, leading to difficulty of accurate quantification, while the silent-region (1800–2800 cm−1) signals are completely interference-free. Moreover, O-GERTs show much higher photo and biological stability compared to conventional SERS tags. This work not only demonstrates O-GERTs as universal optical tags for accurate and reliable detection onto various substrates and in complex media, but also opens new opportunities in a variety of frontier applications, such as three-dimensional data storage and security labeling.
A comprehensive review of the application of DEM in the investigation of batch solid mixers
Authors: Jadidi Behrooz , Ebrahimi Mohammadreza , Ein-Mozaffari Farhad , Lohi Ali
Published: March 2022

Powder mixing is a vital operation in a wide range of industries, such as food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. Despite the common use of mixing systems in various industries, often due to the complex nature of mixing systems, the effects of operating and design parameters on the mixers’ performance and final blend are not fully known, and therefore optimal parameters are selected through experience or trial and error. Experimental and numerical techniques have been widely used to analyze mixing systems and to gain a detailed understanding of mixing processes. The limitations associated with experimental techniques, however, have made discrete element method (DEM) a valuable complementary tool to obtain comprehensive particle level information about mixing systems. In the present study, the fundamentals of solid-solid mixing, segregation, and characteristics of different types of batch solid mixers are briefly reviewed. Previously published papers related to the application of DEM in studying mixing quality and assessing the influence of operating and design parameters on the mixing performance of various batch mixing systems are summarized in detail. The challenges with regards to the DEM simulation of mixing systems, the available solutions to address those challenges and our recommendations for future simulations of solid mixing are also presented and discussed.
Transformations in Afghan Media and Culture Through Cycles of Upheaval
Authors: Osman Wazhmah
Published: March 2022

This article traces how the Afghan cultural, media, and arts sectors have gone through cycles of boom and bust in tandem with the country’s tumultuous history in recent decades, starting with the prewar golden era in the 1960s and 1970s, then focusing on the post-9/11 internationally funded media expansion, and finally on the Taliban’s return to power. The current exodus of human talent, due to forced migration, dispossession, and displacement, amounts to a profound cultural loss. But the country has already been transformed by the influence of a period of media freedoms and an emergent public sphere that created space for democratic debate and cosmopolitan cultural expression.
Analisis Wujud Masalah Sosial dalam Film Kokuhaku karya Tetsuya Nakashima (Kajian Sosiologi Sastra)
Authors: Rahayu Poppy , Philiyanti Frida , Dewi Farah Krisna
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine what forms of social problems exist in Tetsuya Nakashima's Kokuhaku film. These causal factors trigger these problems and how to solve the problem using a literary sociology approach. This study employs Wellek and Warren's sociological theory of literary works and Soekanto's theory of existence, sources, and techniques for solving social problems. This study employs a descriptive-analytic method and data gathering procedures gleaned from a literature review. According to the study's findings, there are 27 social problems in Tetsuya Nakashima's Kokuhaku film, including 15 data on societal norm violations in the form of child delinquency, eight difficulties with family disintegration, three crime problems, and one bureaucracy problem. In this video, two causes generate social problems: psychological factors and cultural aspects. Authoritarian measures solve the majority of the social problems in this film.
Tres generaciones: Kim Ji Young, nacida en 1982 como un prisma para comprender la construcción de la individualidad de las mujeres en Corea del Sur
Authors: Baquen Carolina
Published: March 2022

Este artículo presenta un estudio de tres generaciones de mujeres en Corea del Sur. Para lograr dicho objetivo, se emplea el bestseller Kim Ji Young, nacida en 1982, de Cho Nam-Joo, como un prisma para comprender la evolución de la sociedad durante el periodo de transición y asentamiento de la modernidad. El análisis sociohistórico se realizó a partir de la articulación de fuentes documentales y teorías sociales que permiten comprender las dinámicas que se presentan en las trayectorias de las mujeres. En los resultados se puede observar el proceso de fabricación de los individuos, la construcción y transformación de los sueños y aspiraciones a futuro, así como la crisis de la familia y la resignificación del trabajo a partir del anhelo por la independencia y autonomía.
Document Landscape: Exploring What Shapes Disabled Students ’Experiences in Practice- Based Education
Authors: Epstein Iris , Baljko Melanie , Magel Brooke , Stephens Lindsay , Dadashi Nastaran , Smith Hilda , Bulk Laura Yvonne
Published: March 2022

Disabled students often face challenges in effectively meeting their learning and practicum requirements, even though institutions have policies in place to support access. Practice-based learning helps to ensure students have acquired sufficient practical knowledge of the field. It is used in many disciplines for effective skill development, and is mandatory for some accreditations, particularly in healthcare professional training. A wide array of documents (information artifacts) has been produced in connection with efforts to mitigate practice-based- education access barriers. Organizational challenges, including availability and distribution of effective documents, have led to ongoing inaccessibility. In this work, we put ourselves in the shoes of a student and imagine what documents would appear if a student were to self-search for resources that were available on the internet. We assembled a corpus of such documents [n=43] and conducted a qualitative analysis of document form and content. Three themes emerged from the form of the documents: (1) across all artifacts reviewed, students were absent from production and authorship; (2) limited documents were directly related to practice-based education; and (3) higher education institutions grapple with tensions in the choice of media as this selection can affect how the documents operate within their communities. Looking at the content of the documents we found that (1) barriers to access are often described as the responsibility of the disabled student; and (2) the vast majority of documents require, expect, or presume disclosure of disability status to be a prerequisite to access, revealing a reliance on a medical/individual model of disability. We conclude with a reflection on how the form and content of the documents may shape disabled students ’experiences in practice-based education.
La metáfora del amor en un poema de La tortuga ecuestre de César Moro
Authors: Pacheco Quispe Jhonny Jhoset
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo se analizará la metáfora del amor en un poema de La tortuga ecuestre, de César Moro. Nuestra hipótesis de investigación plantea que con la ejecución de dicha metáfora se genera una serie de sucesos: emergencia del amor, conversión de funciones de los amantes, destrucción del referente y la unión sentimental jamás vista. Para sustentar lo mencionado, nuestro marco teórico tomará los conceptos psicoanalíticos de Jacques Lacan. La herramienta de análisis será la hermenéutica.
Análisis crítico del minimalismo de Paul Horwich
Authors: García Zárate Óscar Augusto
Published: March 2022

El minimalismo de Paul Horwich es la teoría que pretende ser la de mayores alcances epistemológicos dentro del deflacionismo. Su creador lo presenta como la última palabra sobre el concepto de verdad, declarando imposible un estudio más detallado y profundo sobre el tema, apoyándose en el conocido esquema de equivalencia, cuyos orígenes se pueden rastrear en los escritos seminales de Alfred Tarski. Sin embargo, llevando hasta sus extremos el poder explicatorio de la teoría mínima de Paul Horwich, resulta prácticamente nulo. Aunque su teoría de la verdad pueda justificarse, su semántica no puede sostenerse.
Discurso sobre amenazas y defensas de la vitalidad de la lengua aimara
Authors: Huayhua Pari Felipe
Published: March 2022

El presente ensayo trata del discurso e ideología que están presentes en el corpus, ya sea escrito u oral, sobre las amenazas y defensas de la vitalidad de la lengua aimara —situación compartida por otras lenguas indígenas— lo que incluye una proscripción e intolerancia opuestas a la prescripción y tolerancia que hemos presenciado durante 539 años desde la llegada de los invasores europeos. Para el análisis recurrimos al uso de nomenclaturas polisémicas, sinónimos y familias de palabras sobre términos como “conquista”, “europeo”, “indígena” y las normas y la lengua de ambos, los derechos, la biodiversidad y la ecología. Así, como aimarahablantes de la lengua originaria, estamos en condiciones de explicitar conocimientos y saberes de los que el aimara es vehículo, y podemos identificar las practicas discursivas que en el camino de la interculturalidad conducirán a la tolerancia, el respeto, el diálogo y el desarrollo, que se relacionan con los cuatro pilares de la educación: aprender a hacer, aprender a conocer, aprender a vivir juntos y aprender a ser (Delors, 1996), porque nuestro país y América son entidades diversas, colectivas y no homogéneas ni egocéntricas.
El tinkuy en el poema de "Katakay" de José María Arguedas
Authors: Odar Jimenez Jean Pierre
Published: March 2022

Desde fines del siglo XIX, y más aún en el siglo XX, la identidad del hombre andino formó parte de la agenda temática y estética de los discursos artísticos producidos en Perú. En esa línea, el poema “Katatay” de José María Arguedas constituye un discurso enunciado desde la cosmovisión andina. En tal virtud, se ha planteado como hipótesis que en el poema “Katatay” el tinkuy o encuentro tensional se presenta bajo la forma del diálogo. A su vez, lo sagrado se propone como elemento tensionador entre los interlocutores del poema, ya que uno le teme y el otro lo entiende y explica. Este elemento, hacia el final del texto, es aceptado por ambos interlocutores. Como método de análisis, hemos empleado las categorías de la dimensión estratégica de Jacques Fontanille.
A hybrid of Bayesian-based global search with Hooke–Jeeves local refinement for multi-objective optimization problems
Authors: Litvinas Linas
Published: March 2022

The proposed multi-objective optimization algorithm hybridizes random global search with a local refinement algorithm. The global search algorithm mimics the Bayesian multi-objective optimization algorithm. The site of current computation of the objective functions by the proposed algorithm is selected by randomized simulation of the bi-objective selection by the Bayesian-based algorithm. The advantage of the new algorithm is that it avoids the inner complexity of Bayesian algorithms. A version of the Hooke–Jeeves algorithm is adapted for the local refinement of the approximation of the Pareto front. The developed hybrid algorithm is tested under conditions previously applied to test other Bayesian algorithms so that performance could be compared. Other experiments were performed to assess the efficiency of the proposed algorithm under conditions where the previous versions of Bayesian algorithms were not appropriate because of the number of objectives and/or dimensionality of the decision space.
PROFILE OF CREATIVE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT (ECED) TEACHERS OF THE 21 CENTURY
Authors: Gandana Gilar , Nugraha Dadan , Fauzi Rifki Ahmad
Published: March 2022

This study aims to examine the profile of creative teachers in the 2I century to provide an overview of best practices. This research uses a qualitative approach (case study) with interviews and observations as data collection techniques and thematic analysis as analysis techniques. Researchers conducted research on 3 ECED teachers who already had a good track record in teaching as participants in Tasikmalaya Regency. This study shows the synchronization of interview and observation data related to the characteristics of ideal creative teachers in the 2I century. It showed the attitude of teachers who could carry out a good internalization process, understand children's characteristics, are sensitive to children's conditions, are cheerful, humorous, fun, open, knowledgeable, flexible, good at communicating, and innovative in the practice of teaching children. The findings of this study show the characteristics of teachers who can evaluate themselves to continue to make improvements in the teaching process accompanied by coaching and building a supportive work environment.
Trends and Resource Utilization for Neonatal Jaundice Hospitalizations in the United States
Authors: Bhatt Parth , Umscheid Jacob , Ayensu Marian , Parmar Narendrasinh , Vasudeva Rhythm , Donda Keyur , Doshi Harshit , Dapaah-Siakwan Fredrick
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the trends in hospitalization for neonatal jaundice and its management with phototherapy and exchange transfusion in the United States from 2006 through 2016.

METHODS

Repeated, cross-sectional analysis of the 2006 to 2016 editions of the Kids’ Inpatient Database. All neonatal hospitalizations with an International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th Revision, Clinical Modification code for jaundice and admitted at age ≤28 days were included. The outcome measures were changes in the diagnosis of jaundice (expressed as a proportion) and its management over the years.

RESULTS

Among 16 094 653 neonatal hospitalizations from 2006 to 2016, 20.5% were diagnosed with jaundice. While the incidence of jaundice remained stable over the years, 20.9% to 20.5% (P = .1), the proportion with jaundice who received phototherapy increased from 22.5% to 27.0% (P < .0001) between 2006 and 2016. There was no significant change in the exchange transfusion rate per year among neonatal hospitalizations with jaundice.

CONCLUSIONS

While the proportion of newborns with jaundice remained stable between 2006 and 2016, the use of phototherapy significantly increased with no significant change in exchange transfusion rate. The impact of these changes on the prevention of acute bilirubin encephalopathy needs further examination in future studies.
Dynamical properties of direct products of discrete dynamical systems
Authors: Barinova Marina K. , Shustova Evgenia K.
Published: March 2022

A natural way for creating new dynamical systems is to consider direct products of already known systems. The paper studies some dynamical properties of direct products of homeomorphisms and diffeomorphisms. In particular, authors prove that a chain-recurrent set of the direct product of homeomorphisms is a direct product of the chain-recurrent sets. Another result established in the paper is that the direct product of diffeomorphisms holds hyperbolic structure on the direct product of hyperbolic sets. It is known that if a diffeomorphism has a hyperbolic chain-recurrent set, then this mapping is Ω-stable. Therefore, it follows from the results of the paper that the direct product of Ω-stable diffeomorphisms is also Ω-stable. Another question which is raised in the article concerns the existence of an energy function for the direct product of diffeomorphisms which already have such functions (recall that energy function is a smooth Lyapunov function whose set of critical points coincides with the chain-recurrent set of the system). Authors show that in this case the function can be found as a weighted sum of energy functions of initial diffeomorphisms.
On a topological classification of multidimensional polar flows
Authors: Gurevich Elena Ya. , Denisova Natalya S.
Published: March 2022

The work solves the classification problem for structurally stable flows, which goes back to the classical works of Andronov, Pontryagin, Leontovich and Mayer. One of important examples of such flows is so-called Morse-Smale flow, whose non-wandering set consists of a finite number of fixed points and periodic trajectories. To date, there are exhaustive classification results for Morse-Smale flows given on manifolds whose dimension does not exceed three, and a very small number of results for higher dimensions. This is explained by increasing complexity of the topological problems that arise while describing the structure of the partition of a multidimensional phase space into trajectories. In this paper authors investigate the class G(Mn) of Morse-Smale flows on a closed connected orientable manifold Mn whose non-wandering set consists of exactly four points: a source, a sink, and two saddles. For the case when the dimension n of the supporting manifold is greater or equal than four, it is additionally assumed that one of the invariant manifolds for each saddle equilibrium state is one-dimensional. For flows from this class, authors describe the topology of the supporting manifold, estimate minimum number of heteroclinic curves, and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions of topological equivalence. Authors also describe an algorithm that constructs standard representative in each class of topological equivalence. One of the surprising results of this paper is that while for n=3 there is a countable set of manifolds that admit flows from class G(M3), there is only one supporting manifold (up to homeomorphism) for dimension n>3.
Endomorphisms and anti-endomorphisms of some finite groupoids
Authors: Litavrin Andrey V.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we study anti-endomorphisms of some finite groupoids. Previously, special groupoids S(k,q) of order k(1+k) with a generating set of k elements were introduced. Previously, the element-by-element description of the monoid of all endomorphisms (in particular, automorphisms) of a given groupoid was studied. It was shown that every finite monoid is isomorphically embeddable in the monoid of all endomorphisms of a suitable groupoid S(k,q). In recent article, we give an element-by-element description for the set of all anti-endomorphisms of the groupoid S(k,q). We establish that, depending on the groupoid S(k,q), the set of all its anti-endomorphisms may be closed or not closed under the composition of mappings. For an element-by-element description of anti-endomorphisms, we study the action of an arbitrary anti-endomorphism on generating elements of a groupoid. With this approach, the anti-endomorphism will fall into one of three classes. Anti-endomorphisms from the two classes obtained will be endomorphisms of given groupoid. The remaining class of anti-endomorphisms, depending on the particular groupoid S(k,q), may either consist or not consist of endomorphisms. In this paper, we study endomorphisms of some finite groupoids G whose order satisfies some inequality. We construct some endomorphisms of such groupoids and show that every finite monoid is isomorphically embedded in the monoid of all endomorphisms of a suitable groupoid G. To prove this result, we essentially use a generalization of Cayley's theorem to the case of monoids (semigroups with identity).
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING PADA MATERI HIMPUNAN KELAS VII SMPN 2 KUBUNG
Authors: Yulia Yulia , Gusniarti Gusniarti
Published: March 2022

One of the problems in the world of education was the limited teaching materials that can help students enrich their experience, build students 'knowledge and support students' thinking skills to construct their own understanding in solving mathematical problems. One way that can be done to complement the shortcomings of teaching materials is to design an LKPD. LKPD is made using the CTL approach. Based on this, a CTL-based student worksheet (LKPD) was developed on set material for class VII students. This study aims to 1) produce CTL based LKPD that meets valid criteria 2) produce CTL based LKPD that meets practical criteria and 3) produces CTL based LKPD that meets the effective criteria. This is a development research with 4-D models. consists of four stages of development that is define, design, develop and disseminate. This research is only up to the stage of define, design and develop. Define’s  stage consists of : a) front end analysis b) student analysis c) concept analysis d) task analysis. Design’s stage consists of : a) LKPD design b) instrument design and validation of instrument penilain module. Develop’s stage consists of : a) the stage of validity  b) the stage of practicability an c) the stage of effectiveness. The results of this study indicate that based on the validator's assessment, The developed LKPD meets very valid criteria with an average of 89,14%. Based on the results of filling the practical questionnaire for educators, practical questionnaire for students and interviews with students showed that LKPD which was developed very practically was used in the mathematics learning of set material with an average of 88,20% by educators and 84,20% by students. Based on the results of the analysis of learning outcomes obtained the average value of the pre test is 59,9655 and the post test average value was 79,3793, then carried out the hypothesis with the t-test. From the calculation results obtained 5,0493 and  thus  with a confidence level of 95%. This shows that the hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the mathematical connection ability of students after using LKPD is better than the students’ mathematical connection ability before using LKPD so that it can be concluded that  CTL based LKPD is effectively used
KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVING
Authors: Fitri Wiva Rahmadona , Aprison Wedra , Isnaniah Isnaniah
Published: March 2022

This study discusses the problem in class X SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi about the learning model that is applied has not made students actively support. Students have difficulty solving real problems and problem-solving One alternative that can be used is to apply the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model. The problem formulation is the problem solving the problem of students who follow the CPS learning model better about students who take conventional learning in class X IPA of SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi? The purpose of the study is the learning of problem-solving students who take the Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning model better than students who take conventional learning in class X IPA of SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi in the 2019/2020 Academic Year. This type of research is a pre-experimental research design with The Static Group Comparison Design. The population is class X science students of SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi. While the sample is students of class X IPA-7 as an experimental class and class X IPA-6 as a control class. The instrument used was a test of the ability to solve mathematical problems consisting of essay tests. The data analysis technique uses t test which is supported by Minitab software. The results of t arithmetic = 2.54 and t-table = 1.67 because t-count> t table means that H0 is rejected at the real level α = 0.05, and by using Minitab obtained P-value = 0.007 which means P-value < α with a significant level α = 0.05 H_0 is rejected and H_1 is accepted. The Model of Problem Solving Creative Learning (CPS) is more about solving mathematical problems of students who use Creative Problem Solving (CPS) learning better than those who study in class X IPA of SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi 2019/2020 Academic Year.
MANAJEMEN PEMBIAYAAN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEBIJAKAN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI PONDOK PESANTREN DI KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA
Authors: Prasetyo Muhammad Anggung Manumanoso
Published: March 2022

The subject of this research is how to manage pesantren in Southeast Aceh in the aspect of economic independence, that relates to the problem of financial management in pesantren.  From 36 pesantren, only 6 of them are accredited A, one of the assessment indicators is economic aspect, it means the rest are considered not sufficiently financially independent.  If we/YOU see the data that is processed is qualitative using field research.  The data obtained from the managers of pesantren in Southeast Aceh.  The method of data collection was done through observation, interview, and documentation techniques.  The study uses observation guides, interview guidelines and data documentation as research instruments.  Data processing and analysis technique were carried out through three stages; data reduction, data presentation and data verification.  At the implementation level, generally the management of pesantren has held business units from various existing sources / potentials, in fact the implementation has not been running as it should.  The study also found that there is a relationship between quality and accessibility on the one hand, and the composition of income and expenditure at the pesantren level on the other hand.  Strategic advice for the development of financial management in pesantren in Southeast Aceh as well as research findings, including (1) the presence of a financial manager or someone who has financial competence;  (2) having a development plan as a form of achieving targets;  (3) forming business units as a form of independence;  and finally (4) team cohesiveness.
PERAN KEPEMIMPINAN DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Bashori Bashori , Chaniago Zeni Isnina , Oktaviani Melati , Tamin Berliana
Published: March 2022

Leadership is the ability and readiness of a person to be able to influence, encourage, invite, guide, move others in order to help achieve certain goals. Leadership is essentially related to organized human labor, and as a power or potential. The purpose of this study aims to describe and analyze the role of leadership in Islamic educational institutions. This research method uses a library research approach (library research). The results of this study indicate that the leadership function is; 1) Instruction function; 2) Consultation function; 3) Participation function; 4) Delegation function; and 5) control function. The role of the leader is; a) Future leaders must be flexible and have extensive experience; b) As head of the organization, it becomes a necessary function, not something trivial that must be delegated to others; and c) Policy making is no longer effective at the top of the organization.
HUBUNGAN KEPEMIMPINAN DENGAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Nabila Fanisa Syifa , Husna Inul , Makrifatullah Nuzul Habdi
Published: March 2022

Kepemimpinan dipahami sebagai segala upaya bersama untuk menggerakan semua sumber dan alat (resources) yang tersedia dalam suatu organisasi. Resources tersebut dapat digolongkan menjadi dua bagian besar, yaitu; human resource dan non human resources. Dalam lembaga pendidikan, salah satu unit organisasi juga terdiri dari berbagai unsur atau sumber, dan manusia merupakan unsur terpenting. Untuk itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa sukses tidaknya suatu organisasi untuk mencapai tujuan yang telah ditetapkan sangat tergantung pada kemampuan pemimpin untuk menumbuhkan iklim kerjasama dengan mudah dan dapat menggerakan sumber daya yang ada sehingga dapat mendayagunakan dan dapat berjalan secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepemimpinan, lembaga pendidikan, serta urgensi kepemimpinan dengan lembaga pendidikan serta seperti apa kepemimpinan yang visioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research) dengan mengumpumpulkan berbagai referensi. Secara umum kepemimpinan dapat dipahami sebagai pemimpin yang mampu mengarahkan, membina atau mengatur, menuntun dan juga menunjukkan ataupun mempengaruhi. Serta lembaga pendidikan adalah  suatu wadah yang berguna untuk membina manusia, membawa kearah masa depan yang lebih baik. Kepemimpinan dalam lembaga pendidikan dapat disebut sebagai seseorang yang memegang otoritas yang menentukan perkembangan lembaga pendidikan. Sebagai pemimpin pendidikan yang profesional seorang pemeimpin dituntut mampu melakukan perubahan yang bersifat pengembangan dan penyempurnaan.
Comparative assessment of cardiovascular risk in European and Korean ethnic groups in the Russian population using the SCORE and SCORE2
Authors: Bogdanov D. Yu. , Nevzorova V. A. , Shestopalov E. Yu.
Published: March 2022

Aim. To carry out a comparative assessment of cardiovascular risk (CVR) in people aged 40-49 years of European and Korean ethnicity with a single residence area using the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and SCORE2 scales.

Material and methods. We examined 397 and 50 apparently healthy individuals of the European (EEG) and Korean (KEG) ethnic groups, respectively, who were evaluated for CVR according to the SCORE and SCORE2 charts.

Results. According to the SCORE system, the median CVR in the EEG was 0 [0-0] vs 0 [0-1]% in the KEG (p<0,001), while from a clinical point of view, the groups did not differ from each other. The SCORE2 system demonstrated more significant clinical results as follows: the median risk in EEG individuals was 5 [3-8]%, which corresponds to a high CVR for this age group, and 8 [4-11]% in KEG individuals, which corresponds to a very high CVR (p=0,011). CVR assessment in apparently healthy individuals is decisive in considering the preventive measures. According to the SCORE system, 97,5% and 96% of apparently healthy EEG and KEG individuals, respectively, are classified as low and moderate risk. High and very high risk when using this system was determined in 2,5 and 4% among Europeans and Koreans, respectively. However, using the SCORE2 system, only 10,3% of Europeans were classified as low/ moderate risk, and among ethnic Koreans — 8%. At the same time, the category of high and very high risk was designated, respectively, for 63,7 and 25,9% in the EEG and 40 and 52% in the KEG, respectively. It has been established that according to the SCORE2 system, more than half of Koreans aged 40-49 already have a very high CVR, which significantly distinguishes this group from the European population.

Conclusion. The SCORE2 system has a more differentiated approach in determining individual CVR. The SCORE2 assessment of non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels makes it more personalized for use in different ethnic populations.
Creep behaviour of shock-wave-surface-treated aluminium–MWCNT nanocomposites
Authors: Kumar Paul Sureshkumar Samuel Ratna , Mashinini Peter Madindwa , Khan Mahaboob Basha Adam
Published: March 2022

This work focuses on the creep characteristics of shock-wave-surface-treated aluminium (Al) nanocomposites for aerospace and defence applications. Aluminium nanocomposites underwent surface treatment in a shock tube under free-piston set-up conditions. An indentation creep study of the shock-wave-surface-treated Al–4.9Mg alloy (AA5083) reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanoparticles with varying weight fractions under two stresses – namely, 113 and 170 MPa – at different temperature ranges from 473 to 573 K. The base and nanocomposite materials were developed using a semi-solid-state casting method. The instantaneous shock material reaction was characterised by carbide formation of the developed 1.50 and 1.75 wt% nanocomposites. The obtained results of the creep study showed that the nanocomposites with 1.50 and 1.75 wt% MWCNT had better creep resistance and stress exponent values at high working temperatures compared with the base alloy material. The enhanced creep resistance was due to the increased addition of MWCNT nanoparticles into the Al–4.9Mg matrix material and nanostructured carbide formation. The attained stress exponent values indicate that the major creep mechanism in the base alloy and nanocomposite materials was grain boundary sliding.
Eriophyoid mites (Acari: Eriophyoidea) from İzmir-Turkey
Authors: Denizhan İnanç Evsel , Erdoğan Tuğba
Published: March 2022

A comprehensive faunistic research was carried out in order to detect Eriophyoid mites in İzmir. As a result of the research seventeen species of eriophyoid mites were detected for the mite fauna of Turkey. The samples were collected on fruit and ornamental plants in İzmir province, Turkey 2021. The identified eriophyid species are Aceria erinea Nalepa, 1891, Aceria avanensis Bagdasarian, 1970, Aceria salicina Nalepa, 1911, Aceria filiformis Nalepa, 1891, Aceria ilicis Canestrini, 1890, Aceria massalongoi Canestrini,1890, Aceria oleae Nalepa, 1900, Aceria sheldoni Ewing, 1937, Eriophyes pyri Pagenstecher, 1857, Eriophyes tiliae Nalepa, 1890, Aculus fockeui Nalepa & Trouessart, 1891, Phyllocoptes pruni Soliman & Abou-Awad, 1979, Aculus schlechtendali Nalepa 1890, Aculus mogeri Farkas, 1960, Colomerus vitis Pagenstecher, Calepitrimerus vitis Nalepa, 1905, Rhyncaphytoptus ficifoliae Keifer, 1939. Information on hosts, damage symptoms and geographical distribution of these species are given in the article.
Hevsel Bahçelerinin (Diyarbakır) faydalı akar faunası
Authors: Miroğlu Mehmet Sabri , Çıkman Emine
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışma, 2018-2019 yıllarında Diyarbakır ili Hevsel Bahçeleri’nde bulunan faydalı akar türlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Binlerce yıldır kesintisiz olarak ekilen bu tarihi bahçeler, UNESCO Dünya Mirası Listesi'nde yer almaktadır. Sürvey çalışmaları tesadüfi örnekleme metodu ile nisan ayından kasım ayına kadar her 15 günde bir periyodik olarak yapılmıştır. Çalışmada meyve ağaçları, sebzeler ve yabancı otlardan oluşan 66 bitki türünden örnekler alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda 33 bitki türü üzerinde Tydeidae, Cheyletidae, Stigmaeidae, Triophtyidae, Raphignathidae, Iolinidae ve Phytoseiidae familyalarından 15 predatör akar türü tespit edilmiştir. Bu familyalardan Phytoseiidae familyasından 7 tür, Iolinidae familyasından 3 tür ve diğer familyalardan bir tür tespit edilmiştir. Phytoseius finitimus (Ribaga, 1904) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) %37.5 oran ile baskın tür olmuştur. En fazla akar türü 7 tür ile Rubus sp.(böğürtlen)'de bulunmuştur. Araştırmada, tarımsal faaliyetin az yapıldığı bölgelerde daha fazla sayıda faydalı akar bulunmuştur. Predatör akarlar, daha çok meyve ağaçlarında bulunmuş bunun yanında sebze ve kokulu bitkilerde daha az oranda bulunmuştur. Hevsel Bahçeleri’nde kavak ve dut ağaçları yüksek bir popülasyona sahiptir. Bu iki bitkiden çok sayıda örnekleme yapılmasına rağmen sadece P. finitimus saptanmıştır. İki yıllık bu araştırma ile Dünya için önemli olan Hevsel Bahçeleri’nin faydalı akar yönüyle zengin olduğu ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Zararlı akar ve böceklere karşı biyolojik mücadelede dünyada kullanılan önemli avcı türler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma ile bölge için yeni kayıt oluşturan faydalı türler belirlenmiştir.
Development of Domestic Services in Primorski Krai in the Context of Soviet Social and Economic Policy (1960s–1980s)
Authors: Vlasov Sergej
Published: March 2022

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the service sector plays an import role in modern society, improves the standard of living, shows how developed the country’s economy is, how it works for the interests of the population. The object of the study is the development of domestic services in the of Soviet socio-economic policy in the period of the 1960s – 1980s. The subject is the implementation of this process on the territory of Primorsky Krai. The measures taken by the party-economic leadership to improve domestic services in the country and the implementation of government decisions by local officials in a particular region are shown on the basis of documentary sources. It is revealed that despite significant investments in the sphere of domestic services, an increase in the number of enterprises, an increase in the volume of household services, they were not successful in creating an effectively working system that would meet the needs of the population. The theoretical basis of the research is the theory of modernization, which allowed us to establish that the USSR’s attempt to copy the experience of developed countries in creating a developed service sector corresponding to the level of industrial society was only partially successful. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time it shows the inability of state structures, with all the powerful, comprehensive capabilities they had, to meet the needs of citizens in basic household services (housing repairs, shoes, hairdressing services, etc.). The conclusion is that the example of Primorsky Krai demonstrates the inefficiency of the Soviet socialist model of domestic service development.