bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Ureteral Obstruction Caused by a Fecaloma: An Uncommon Presentation of Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Sevivas Rita , Veiga Carolina , Silva Catarina
Published: July 2024

An 84 year-old woman with a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and diabetic kidney disease, presented with anorexia, oligoanuria, and constipation despite laxatives. The physical exam revealed a distended abdomen, and lab tests showed high creatinine levels only. The pre-renal etiology of the acute kidney injury was considered due to anorexia and probable dehydration. However, given the constipation mentioned in the clinical history, it was important to rule out a post-renal cause for the acute kidney injury, so an abdominal and pelvic CT scan was requested. The CT scan revealed small kidneys with ureters compressed by an 8 cm fecaloma, leading to acute renal failure due to post-renal obstruction (Figures 1 and 2).
Laxative therapy was initiated, which resolved the fecaloma, and the patient was catheterized, resulting in the immediate release of 1 liter of urine. The resolution of the fecaloma and subsequent post-renal decompression led to a rapid recovery of kidney function.
Nurses’ Perception of the Leadership Styles of their Nurse Managers in Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alasiry Sharifa , Alanazi Fatimah
Published: July 2024

Background and Aims:
In healthcare, effective patient management relies on leadership skills of nurse managers, which is accomplished by the use of transformational, transactional or laissez-faire leadership styles. The aim of the present study was to explore the perception of the nurses’ about the leadership style of their nurse managers, in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study utilized a study instrument comprising questions for demographic factors and 21-item-questionnaire to evaluate nurses’ perception of leadership styles of nurse managers. Study participants were recruited based on a convenience random sampling methodology, from a total population of 1500 nurses, until the estimated sample size (300-315 participants) was achieved. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA to evaluate association between different demographic factors and nurses’ perception about leadership styles were evaluated.

Results:
A total of 312 participants responded, out of which 12 responses were eliminated due to incompleteness of data. Out of the final study sample (N = 300), 79.3% were women, majority were between 31-40 years (48.7%). Most nurses had a bachelor’s degree (76.3%), were married (60.7%) and received salary between 5000-10000 Saudi Riyals. The predominantly perceived leadership style utilization among nurse managers was found to be transformational (64.04%) followed by transactional (63.83%) and laissez-faire (62.08%). Within transformational leadership, nurses’ perceived “idealized influence” as the most commonly used style by nurse managers. One-way ANOVA for statistical association between demographic variables and nurses’ perception about leadership styles, revealed significant differences (p<0.05) only for age and marital status when comparing transformational and transactional leadership styles.

Conclusions:
Based on the present study, nurses perceived that their nurse leaders predominantly exhibited transformational leadership, followed by transactional leadership, and only minimally a laissez-faire leadership attribute. The current findings enable healthcare leaders, to learn how their staff nurses perceive their leadership styles and apply them for professional policymaking.
The Introduction of a New Shareholder Dispute Resolution System in the Netherlands
Authors: Schreurs Philip W.
Published: July 2024

The Dutch Parliament has recently made some radical changes in the system to regulate shareholder disputes in the Netherlands. The current system is flawed and underused. Shareholder disputes are mainly solved through an expensive bypass via the so-called inquiry-procedure at the Enterprise Chamber (EC). In the new system, the EC will be the only competent court for shareholder disputes. The relevant criteria are clarified and expanded. The procedure will be less formal and the EC can decide on related claims too. As a result, the new system aims to facilitate a swift settlement of all claims and conflicts between the parties involved in a shareholder dispute. A comparison with the highly used and popular Belgian system shows that there are some interesting differences. This article concludes by predicting that the new Dutch dispute regulation will be heavily used and will make the inquiry-procedure superfluous.
Contributory Fault in International Investment Arbitration
Authors: Burgstaller Markus , Galagan Dmytro
Published: July 2024

As a general rule, if a state commits a wrongful act, it is under an obligation to make full reparation for the injury caused. Yet, arbitral tribunals have used the doctrine of contributory fault to reduce the amount of damages awarded to the investor for the state’s breach of an investment treaty. This article analyses fifteen arbitration cases in which the respondent argued that the claimant contributed to its injury, either as a result of the investor’s bad business judgment or because the investor’s behaviour provoked the state’s wrongful conduct. The analysis shows that arbitral tribunals supported their decisions to reduce the amount of compensation by as much as 50% with strikingly brief reasoning and instead relied on their wide margin of discretion. The article discusses possible avenues to remedy deficiencies in arbitral practice dealing with contributory fault, both through the reform of investor-state dispute settlement and practical solutions that may be adopted by arbitral tribunals when considering allegations of contributory fault.
A New Conceptual and Applicable Proposal on the Independence and Impartiality of the Arbitrator
Authors: López Carlos A. Matheus
Published: July 2024

This article addresses the important issue of the independence and impartiality of the arbitrator. I analyse the current state of affairs regarding this concept, observing the efforts that have been made through soft law for its management and practical application. Then I put forward some new conceptual proposals about the matter, pointing out that it is a hybrid concept, and that – using Ronald Dworkin’s distinction – it functions more as a principle than as a rule. Finally, I suggest some applicable proposals that derive from the nature of this principle. First, I propose a multi-step model that allows us to analyse a specific case. Second, in the case in which the principle of independence and impartiality collides with another principle, I advocate the use of balancing.
Analysis of Odor Nuisance Emitted by a Rendering Plant Processing Animal By-products, Which is Located in the Center of a Several-thousand Population Village
Authors: Michalak Magdalena , Kogut Krzysztof , Burmistrz Piotr
Published: July 2024

The constantly growing need for livestock production for food purposes generates huge amounts of animal by-products unfit for human consumption. Therefore, the number of rendering plants that facilitate the recovery of animal waste in the form of fat and protein flour constantly grows. Odors emitted from rendering processes can significantly impact air quality, causing nuisance for humans, especially when the plant is close to residential areas. This research focuses on the concentration of odour emission from thermal rendering operations determined by dynamic olfactometry and removal efficiency in the 3-stage water scrubber used in the investigated plant. Among the 6 process air stream emitters investigated, 3 presented the major odorous contributions according to their high odorant concentrations. The elimination of odour nuisance by a 3-stage water scrubber revealed a low removal efficiency of less than 55%. Such an outcome suggested inappropriate conditions such as alkaline pH and low odorant solubility in water. Thus, other removal methods need to be implemented to achieve satisfactory results.
A SARCOPENIA EM IDOSOS E A RELAÇÃO COM A PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS: FATORES DE RISCO E DE PROTEÇÃO
Authors: Vieira Bruna Piovana , Alvernaz Camila Caroline Domingues , Ulhôa Elisa Araújo , Vieira Rodrigo Kenedy Souza , Ulhôa Sávio Franscisco
Published: July 2024

Sarcopenia é uma condição que envolve a perda involuntária e progressiva da massa muscular esquelética e de sua função, sendo muito prevalente na população geriátrica. Sabe-se que muitos fatores de risco estão relacionados com o desenvolvimento dessa patologia, como disfunções hormonais, sendo alguns deles modificáveis, como a nutrição e o sedentarismo. Logo, é importante compreender quais características dos exercícios físicos associam-se ao maior fator de proteção dessa patologia. Objetivo: investigar os fatores de risco e de proteção da sarcopenia, com foco na relação entre essa condição clínica e a prática de exercícios físicos. Conclusão: a sarcopenia é definida como diminuição global e progressiva da força e da massa muscular, e que pode levar a diminuição da qualidade de vida na terceira idade. É uma síndrome caracterizada por fatores como alterações hormonais e neurológicos, falta de exercício físico e sedentarismo, que podem ou não estarem relacionados à idade, além dos aspectos nutricionais que podem acelerar o processo dessa perda. É um distúrbio diretamente relacionado com a diminuição da funcionalidade desses indivíduos e com a queda progressiva da habilidade de realizar as atividades cotidianas.
BENEFÍCIOS NO USO DE SIMULAÇÃO REALÍSTICA POR ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA E RESIDENTES DE PEDIATRIA NO CONTEXTO DE EMERGÊNCIAS PEDIÁTRICAS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Pires Catarina Amorim Baccarini , Corrêa Ana Carolina da Silva , Carvalho Paula Arthuso , Costa Thayná Cristina Delesporte da
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A simulação realística é uma ponte entre teoria e prática, realizada através de manequins que performam a atividade humana, sendo, por isso, uma importante ferramenta na educação em saúde para o treinamento de competências e habilidades sem colocar a vida do outro em risco. Objetivo: verificar os benefícios de aprendizagem em emergências médicas para estudantes e residentes que participaram de simulações realísticas. Método: trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, realizada por meio de bases de dados e livros, excluindo-se artigos que não estivessem disponíveis por completo. Resultados: o uso das simulações realísticas no âmbito de ensino demonstrou um melhor desempenho no raciocínio clínico, na atitude e na liderança, em detrimento ao grupo que não possuiu a simulação. Além disso, houve ganho de habilidades interpessoais, além de melhor desenvolvimento no trabalho em equipe. Conclusão: as simulações permitiram aos alunos ganho de aptidões técnicas e profissionais. Notou-se, também, que o uso das simulações, apesar de benéfico, não dispensa o ensino teórico, sendo este complementar ao primeiro.
SÍNDROME DA DOR TOTAL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Gonçalves Djalma Igor de Oliveira , Marinho Alice Vilas Boas , Faria Arthur Figueiredo , Norbim Enzzo Fayssander
Published: July 2024

A Síndrome da Dor Total (SDT) abrange a dor em pacientes oncológicos, considerando aspectos físicos, psicológicos, emocionais, espirituais e sociais. O cuidado paliativo requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar para melhorar a qualidade de vida e aliviar a dor. Epidemiologicamente, a SDT é comum, mas frequentemente subdiagnosticada, subestimando sua incidência real. A dor total envolve fadiga, perda de apetite, distúrbios do sono e desconfortos abdominais, variando com a progressão do câncer ou tratamento. No aspecto psicológico, surgem preocupações, tristeza, solidão e sentimentos de desesperança ou culpa, afetando o bem-estar mental. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, selecionando artigos publicados em português e inglês entre 1958 e 2023, em bases de dados indexadas, selecionando artigos que contemplassem qualis e A1 a B3 ou com fator de impacto, por meio de quatro combinações de descritores e booleanos.
SÍNDROME PÓS CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS E SEU IMPACTO NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS PACIENTES E FAMILIARES
Authors: Moraes Sabrina Carvalho , Pereira Juliana Silva Vidal , Miranda Danilo Ribeiro de
Published: July 2024

A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) é fundamental para o tratamento de pacientes com necessidades de cuidados contínuos, onde avanços tecnológicos têm reduzido a morbimortalidade. No entanto, a internação prolongada pode impactar negativamente na saúde pós-alta, evidenciando a Síndrome pós-cuidados intensivos (PICS). O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os acometimentos físicos, cognitivos e emocionais após a alta, que  afeta significativamente a qualidade de vida de até metade dos pacientes. Sendo assim, foi realizado um estudo de revisão de literatura, utilizando periodicos das plataformas Pubmed, Scielo e UpToDate, a partir de 2017, nas linguas portugês, inglês e espanhol. Ademais, os efeitos da PICS resultam em impactos diretos nas atividades diárias, relacionamentos e bem-estar geral. Além disso, os familiares também enfrentam desafios com a síndrome pós-cuidados intensivos família (PICS-F), lidando com estresse, ansiedade e sobrecarga. Diante disso, o estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre a PICS e a PIC-F, seus fatores de risco e sintomas, assim como seu impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e familiares, visando uma compreensão mais profunda e estratégias de intervenção mais eficazes.
OS GIGANTES DA GERIATRIA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Ulhôa Sávio Francisco , Cunha Luísa Vieira , Bornaki Marco Antônio Otero Fernandez , Sales Priscila Souza
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Os Gigantes da Geriatria são um grupo de condições clínicas que afetam a população idosa, sendo frequente na prática clínica dos consultórios médicos não só geriátricos, mas de várias outras especialidades. Objetivo: Identificar e abordar as principais síndromes geriátricas, de forma que possibilite melhorar a qualidade de vida dos idosos. Desenvolvimento: O artigo visa discutir os principais aspectos dos Gigantes da Geriatria e sua repercussão na população descrita. As síndromes são marcadas principalmente pela perda de autonomia e/ou funcionalidade do idoso, divididas em cinco principais grupos: Imobilidade, Instabilidade Postural, Insuficiência Cognitiva, Iatrogenia e as Incontinências Esfincterianas. Ainda, têm sido discutidos a inserção de outros dois componentes: a Insuficiência Familiar e a Incapacidade Comunicativa. Conclusão: Os Gigantes da Geriatria impactam significativamente na qualidade de vida dos idosos, requerem uma atenção e cuidado integral da saúde, além de um manejo adequado a fim de minimizar os desafios enfrentados pelo paciente e sua rede de apoio.
ABORDAGEM TERAPÊUTICA E MANEJO INICIAL DO PACIENTE PEDIÁTRICO POLITRAUMATIZADO
Authors: Pires Catarina Amorim Baccarini , Ferreira Artur Gomes , Rangel Luyza Pinheiro de Almeida , Rodrigues Maria Eduarda Costa
Published: July 2024

Introdução: O politraumatismo, comum em crianças, resulta de eventos como acidentes automobilísticos, quedas e violência, exigindo atenção imediata para controle de hemorragias e vias aéreas. A sequência XABCDE guia o atendimento inicial, priorizando sobrevida. Avaliação detalhada e intervenções multidisciplinares são essenciais para recuperação sem sequelas. Medidas preventivas podem reduzir as mortes evitáveis de crianças por eventos traumáticos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever como é realizado o atendimento inicial do paciente pediátrico politraumatizado visando compreender a abordagem terapêutica e o manejo utilizados durante a conduta frente à emergência. Desenvolvimento: O politrauma envolve lesões múltiplas com risco de vida, exigindo avaliação e intervenção imediatas. O manejo pediátrico segue o TAP e ABCDE, focando na estabilização e identificação precoce de condições críticas. O protocolo ATLS e PALS guiam o tratamento, priorizando a golden hour para reduzir mortalidade. A fase X do XABCDE aborda hemorragias exsanguinantes, seguida pela avaliação das vias aéreas (A), respiração (B), circulação (C), disfunção neurológica (D) e exposição (E). A exposição permite o exame completo e monitoramento da temperatura. Atropelamentos, acidentes automobilísticos e quedas são as principais causas de politrauma pediátrico. Intervenções precoces durante o golden hour são cruciais para melhorar o prognóstico e reduzir complicações.
Elaboración de un programa de formación para el emprendimiento de personas mayores de la comuna de Antofagasta, bajo el modelo de Universidad de la Tercera Edad
Authors: Ledezma Dames Andrés , Tapia Rivera Rodolfo , Acosta Peña Roxana , Zepeda Montalva Marcelo , Bravo-Ponce Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

Esta experiencia de innovación educativa correspondió a la elaboración de un programa de formación para el emprendimiento de Personas Mayores (PM) de la comuna de Antofagasta, bajo el modelo de Universidad de la Tercera Edad. Se utilizó la metodología de Investigación-Acción Participativa iniciando con un diagnóstico multisectorial constituido por 34 actores relevantes que representaban a las PM como principales sujetos de atención, a organismos públicos gubernamentales y municipales y entidades privadas de la comuna vinculadas con las PM o la innovación-emprendimiento. Tras el conversatorio semiestructurado centrado en los problemas económicos de las PM y sus oportunidades de emprendimiento se realizó un análisis cualitativo de agrupación con el registro de las ideas emergentes identificando los principales problemas y sus propuestas de solución. El plan de acción emergente dio paso a la creación de un programa de emprendimiento “GEROEMPRENDE”, consistente en un curso basado en competencias con un sistema de enseñanza-aprendizaje gerontológico de 120 horas pedagógicas distribuidas en 5 módulos específicos y un taller transversal para el fomento del envejecimiento activo a desarrollar por estudiantes universitarios que cursan asignaturas de aprendizaje-servicio, promoviendo así el trabajo intergeneracional. Se espera que la iniciativa brinde oportunidades de desarrollo económico a las PM de Antofagasta y contribuya a mejor su calidad de vida.
National identity establishment for secondary school students through project activities
Authors: Dauyenov Yernur , Amanova Aray , Ladzina Natalya , Myshbayeva Gulmira , Onlanbekkyzy Gulshat
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The issue of national identity for teenagers becomes relevant, primarily because growing up today's teenager occurs in a situation of independent search and selection of characteristics and qualities that constitute an ideal, in this case, the ideal of a patriot of their country. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to define the conceptual approach to the notion of "identity" and to reflect methodologically on how this identity is established in students through a project-based learning approach. Methodology. The leading research method was the organisational approach, which included a comparative method and a cross-sectional method. Empirically, an innovative infrastructure for teaching national identity to students was introduced during the experimental study. Results. The authors have established recommendations for developing project activities with the overall objectives of spiritual and moral development and education for secondary school students. Key methods for teaching national identity include research-based, creative, practice-oriented, and problem-based approaches. National competence in Kazakhstan involves a blend of knowledge, skills, values, norms, and rules that gauge one's cultural identity within a diverse society. Conclusions. National identity requires time to establish itself. It is inappropriate to force the concept of belonging to a nation on students before they have established a personal understanding of themselves. The process of national identity education should be unassumingly and age-appropriate, using all the crucial components of national identity: speech, traditions, national attributes. Keywords: national identity; education system; teenagers; innovation infrastructure; personal development
National specificity of Kyrgyz and English gender political discourse
Authors: Aydyralieva Gulina , Ibraimova Gulsaira , Sagynbayeva Burul , Naimanova Cholpon , Sartbekova Nurzhan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Since the modern world is constantly transforming in terms of linguistic means, i.e. communication is undergoing several changes, there is a high need to study the national peculiarities of political gender discourses. Purpose. The study aims to provide a national interpretation of political discourse regarding gender aspects manifested in the context of linguistic and communicative parameters in the speech activities of male and female politicians. Methodology. The study analyzed political speeches by Kyrgyz and British politicians, examining linguistic parameters such as hesitation, categoricity, irony, and tone, to compare gender-specific communication strategies in both countries' political discourses. Results. This study presents the national specificity of Kyrgyz and British political gender discourse. The analysis identified the main differences between the speech activities of men and women politicians. In the Kyrgyz political discourse, men are characterised by hesitations, categorical and directness, irony, raising the tone of voice, active metaphorisation and hidden meanings. British political discourse in terms of male communication is characterised by a high degree of categoricity, almost no pauses, active use of irony, metaphorical and implicit means, and a moderate degree of emotionality. Conclusions. The Kyrgyz discourse reflects "soft power" approaches, while the British discourse shows women more actively defending their positions. Both discourses employ metaphorical language. These findings highlight the interplay between gender, national culture, and political communication styles. Keywords: speech; linguistic resources; implicitness; categoricity; emotionality
The role of "global competence" in professional competencies of Kazakhstan future educational psychologists
Authors: Zheldibayeva Raigul , Sapargaliyeva Aizhan , Yesimkhanova Raigul , Ashkeeva Nursharkhan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The study addresses the crucial need for training globally competent educational psychologists, particularly within the context of Kazakhstan universities. As professionalism becomes vital for effective labour market inclusion, the development of global competencies in future educational psychologists is essential. Purpose. The research aims to identify the training needs of globally competent educational psychologists, and graduates of the "Pedagogy and Psychology" educational program, and to pinpoint priority areas for the development of global competencies among Kazakhstan university students in this field. Methodology. A pilot survey was conducted among students in the "Pedagogy and Psychology" program to assess their current level of global competence and gather their views on international news, cultural diversity events, and global issues discussions. Results. The survey results indicate an overly optimistic view regarding the potential to train globally competent educational psychologists. The findings underscore the necessity for highly educated and qualified specialists, aligning with state policies on optimizing the national labour market. Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of developing global competencies in educational psychologists to ensure their effective inclusion in the labour force. Training programs must focus on enhancing professionalism to meet the demands of the national labour market and support state policies on workforce development. Keywords: educational psychologist; globalization; professional competencies; global competence
Development of special competencies of future primary school teachers based on the use of the project method
Authors: Ayapbergenova Gulsum , Nurgaliyeva Saniya , Zeinolla Saule , Tyulyubayeva Dinara , Tleppaev Arsen
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that the key factor determining the quality and effectiveness of primary school work is undoubtedly a competent teacher. The project method emphasises the considerable role of the future teacher in the changing modern school. The qualities of a good teacher develop competent pedagogical knowledge, which is engaged in the search and development of desirable qualities and traits that should be characteristic of a future teacher when using the project method. The harmonious coexistence of all elements of competencies determines the full personality of the teacher. Competencies determine the qualifications of specialists, act as a kind of guarantee of proper work and success. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify the criteria and conditions for the development of special competencies of future primary school teachers based on the use of the project method. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the following approaches: theoretical, empirical, didactic. Results. A characteristic feature of competence is its subjectivity, and a special attribute is the dynamics manifested in action with a harmonious combination of knowledge, skills, understanding, and desires that meet the needs of primary classes. Regarding the competencies of future teachers, the following types and areas of pedagogical education are distinguished: subject knowledge, transfer of subject knowledge, classroom management, assessment and recording the progress of individual students, further professional self-improvement. An effective future primary school teacher is a person who, in addition to subject and material competencies, has a high pedagogical qualification necessary for systematic reflection and problem-solving. Conclusions. The practical value of the research lies in the use and implementation of the project method to develop special competencies of future primary school teachers. Keywords: students; qualifications; professional development; knowledge; skills
Multilingualism in Kazakhstan�s education system: Implementation and challenges
Authors: Dauletkeldyyeva Assem , Smagambet Bayan , Saliyeva Aigul , Baigabylov Nurlan , Jamaliyeva Gaziza
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Kazakhstan�s linguistic landscape reflects its diverse cultural heritage and contemporary geopolitical position. As the country navigates economic development and global integration, the implementation of multilingual education becomes crucial for fostering national unity while preparing citizens for international engagement. Purpose. This purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness and challenges of multilingual education models in Kazakhstan�s educational institutions, from primary schools to universities. Methodology. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining sociological analysis, statistical data evaluation, and comparative studies of educational practices. Results. The study reveals that Kazakhstan has adopted various models for implementing trilingual education, including Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). While 117 schools and 42 universities have implemented trilingual programs, significant challenges persist, particularly in teacher training and resource allocation. The language of instruction in higher education shows a predominance of Kazakh (63%) and Russian (34%), with English (3%) gaining traction. Conclusions. The implementation of multilingual education in Kazakhstan reflects a delicate balance between preserving national identity and fostering global integration. The study highlights the positive impact of multilingualism on individual development and societal progress. Keywords: educational policy; linguistic diversity; teacher training; cultural identity; trilingual education
Enhancing cardiological care in modern large cities: A case study of Almaty
Authors: Alimbayeva Saira , Tulepbergenov Gani , Kamaliev Maksut , Kodasbaev Almat , �benova Aliya
Published: July 2024

Relevance. Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent across all population segments in large cities, necessitating effective strategies to enhance cardiological care. Purpose. This research aims to explore fundamental principles for advancing cardiological care in large cities, evaluating the potential integration of key trends over various timeframes. Methodology. Utilizing a systematic analysis approach, the study combines statistical investigations of cardiological care aspects, focusing on several polyclinics in Almaty to illustrate the broader trends and requirements. Results. The study found a significant increase in the number of cardiological procedures performed in Almaty, highlighting the growing demand for specialized cardiology services. High-tech equipment and well-trained personnel were identified as critical factors for improving diagnosis and treatment outcomes. Establishing specialized cardiology rooms significantly enhanced patient care, providing comprehensive services from diagnosis to emergency care. Conclusions. The findings suggest that focusing on high-tech equipment and professional training can substantially improve cardiological care quality in large cities. The establishment of specialized cardiology units is crucial for delivering comprehensive services, which are essential for managing the increasing workload in urban healthcare settings. These strategic improvements can significantly reduce cardiovascular mortality rates and enhance the overall effectiveness of cardiological care. Keywords: urban healthcare; medical technology; patient recovery; professional training; specialized cardiac services
Crimes against personal freedom in the criminal legislation
Authors: Tastanov Abylay , Baltabaev Kuanysh , Salamatova Bibigul , Biyekenov Nurlan , Amangeldiyev Darkhan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The article addresses the critical issue of protecting personal freedom globally and in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The significance of this paper lies in the fact that personal freedom is a fundamental human right, and no individual should be subjected to arbitrary deprivation of liberty, arrest, or detention without legal grounds. Purpose. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the criminal legislation of several countries, including Russia, Ukraine, France, Germany, and China, concerning the protection of personal freedom. Additionally, the study aims to propose improvements to the criminal legislation of Kazakhstan in this domain. Methodology. The research primarily employs the comparative legal method to analyse and compare the criminal laws of the mentioned countries with those of Kazakhstan. Results. The analysis reveals that the scope of crimes against personal freedom in the legislation of the studied countries is broader than in Kazakhstan. In many cases, crimes against personal liberty are categorized under a distinct chapter dedicated to this type of offence. Conclusions. The conclusions drawn from this research suggest that the insights gained can be instrumental for further studies on this issue. A thorough understanding of different legislative frameworks can aid legislators in more effectively combating crimes against personal freedom and potentially reducing their incidence in the future. Keywords: criminal legislation; kidnapping; human trafficking; illegal imprisonment
Plagiarism in the scientific environment: Assessing economic losses, current problems and solutions in countering research falsification
Authors: Akylbekova Nelli , Nurlikhina Gulmira , Orozonova Azyk , Dzholdasbayeva Gulnar , Nazarkulova Gulzana
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of developing approaches to assessing the damage caused to the scientific community and society as a whole by manifestations of deviant behaviour at all stages of the scientific process. The problem of science development from the point of view of ambivalence of scientific principles and behaviour of individual representatives of the scientific community is considered. Purpose. The main objective of the study is to develop a conceptual approach that allows for the assessment of economic losses caused by deviations from constructive behaviour in the process of scientific activity. Methodology. The set of methods used in the research process is represented by the methods of deduction and induction, analysis, and synthesis, comparative and system analysis, elements of economic and mathematical modelling. Results. The cases of unfairness in conducting research and their impact on reducing the level of trust in science have been studied. The formation of a conceptual approach to the assessment of economic losses as an important scientific task, the implementation of which is carried out using an economic-mathematical model, is substantiated. The proposed solution will make it possible to unify methodological approaches to the assessment of damage from the manifestation of deviations in science. Conclusions. The problems are defined, the detection and identification of which is necessary for the development of recommendations aimed at counteracting the manifestation of deviations in science. The scaling of the proposed approach to the assessment of economic losses that are inflicted on society when the principles of intellectual honesty are violated in the process of conducting scientific research will ensure the strengthening of the positions of social, ethical and economic justice, will increase the level of trust in science. Keywords: ethics; ambivalence; deviant behaviour; implicit zone; economic-mathematical model
Demand for and training of Chinese translators in the context of the �One Belt, One Road� initiative
Authors: He Jianyu , Wu Jiaqian , Zhang Lin , Imazov Mukhame , Shisyr Iskhar
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The need to investigate the specifics of Chinese translator training within the framework of the global programme �One Belt, One Road� is primarily conditioned by the constant changes in various aspects, particularly in structural, semantic, and artistic aspects. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the global initiative �One Belt, One Road� in the context of training professional human resources to perform Chinese language translations. Methodology. This study analysed materials available on the websites of several higher education institutions. The analysis focused on specific parameters such as the distinct features of training students in Chinese studies, the education of translators working with Chinese, and the principles, methods, and techniques used in teaching the Chinese language. Results. Analyses of translator training have identified key skills for students: parallel language and culture study, adherence to translation norms like business etiquette, and mastery of technical translation tools. In Kyrgyz universities, methods include verbal (lectures, discussions), visual (audio and video materials), and practical (creative works, exhibitions, quizzes, conferences). For Chinese translators under the �One Belt, One Road� initiative, training spans multiple linguistic levels: phonetic (phrases, accents), grammatical (categories, meanings), lexical (vocabulary related to the initiative and various fields), syntactic (word order, links), and stylistic (business etiquette, unique vocabulary). Conclusions. The study found that the �One Belt, One Road� initiative's language policy focuses on planning Chinese language status, foreign languages, language structure, educational language use, and language services. The key challenges are the shortage of skilled professionals, intergovernmental cooperation, infrastructure standards, financial integration, and cultural exchange. In the future, this study can be used to develop technical improvements in Kyrgyz-Chinese translation, to improve the training of Chinese specialists within the framework of the global initiative �One Belt, One Road�. Keywords: lingua franca; linguistic levels; linguistic policy; linguistic parameters; terminological units
Technology for teachers to overcome occupational burnout syndrome
Authors: Lukyanova Mariya , Karmanova Zhanat , Manashova Gulmira , Nurgaliyeva Saule , Danek Jan
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The activity of teachers is saturated with stressful factors, and therefore it requires from them strong resources of self-control and self-recovery. The destructive consequence of long-term stress overload is the syndrome of occupational burnout, which has a negative impact on the psycho-emotional state of both the teacher and other participants of the educational process. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to analyse the concept and manifestation of occupational burnout in secondary education teachers, to expand knowledge on counteracting it. Methodology. The study employed the methods of analysis and synthesis, systematisation, generalisation, comparison, modelling, and questionnaire survey. Results. The scientific study analysed the key definitions: occupational burnout syndrome, professional health, and its features. It was determined the structural components of professional health and factors influencing its state, leading to the development of occupational burnout syndrome. The study found an insufficient number of developed methods of educational institutions to prevent manifestations of occupational burnout syndrome. Based on the results of the survey, the level of burnout among teachers was revealed. Proceeding from this, a range of preventive techniques was recommended, including communication to analyse teachers� feelings and provide social support, conducting �time-outs�, forming the key role of friends in the team, analysing the results of pedagogical activity and achievements, etc. Conclusions. The study considered the specific features of psychological counteraction to occupational burnout of teachers, analysed the causes of pedagogical burnout, identified the key means of preventive assistance, and determined common effective technologies for overcoming professional stress states and emotional disorders. The practical significance of this study lies in the development of recommendations to counteract the development of occupational burnout syndrome in teachers and the possibility of their use in the preparation of educational plans for professional and psychological training of teaching staff. Keywords: exhaustion; stressfulness; emotional disorders; external factors; internal factors; psychological health
Long-term consequences of socio-economic and tax policies of developed countries in growing migration processes (on the example of France)
Authors: Silagadze Avtandil , Mekvabishvili Elguja , Gaganidze Giorgi , Atanelishvili Tamar , Chikviladze Mikheil
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The relevance of this research lies in Ukraine's need to modernize its fiscal policies for market efficiency and social welfare, while Georgia must accelerate job creation and wage improvement despite its reforms. Purpose. The study aims to address and analyse the tax and socio-economic policies of France, their impact on the country�s economy and forecast the consequences of implementing with due regard to migration processes. Methodology. The basis of the methodological approach in this paper is a qualitative combination of empirical analysis methods based on the collected material, namely analysis, synthesis, specification, the method of analogies, study of experience, methods of mathematical statistics and graphical representation of results. Results. The main result of the study is the analysis of the key elements of the social and tax systems of France in the dynamics, their interrelationships with the economic and political contexts of the country�s development, the description of key migration processes, analysis of their causes, consequences and state regulation measures (including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic). Conclusions. The results of this research, as well as the conclusions drawn from them, are important for improving the current socio-economic policies and taxation system in Ukraine and Georgia. France is a good example of how Ukraine and Georgia should develop real sectors of the economy to achieve effective results. Keywords: tax system; social protection; gross domestic product; taxes; migration; economic development
Creativity in Classroom Settings: Multiple Paths are the Rule not the Exception
Authors: Aljarrah Ayman
Published: July 2024

This theoretical paper is driven by the question, “What does creativity look like in classroom settings?” It is motivated by my past experiences as a teacher: my stories and my students’ stories as we struggled together within a restricted classroom environment to create enough space for our creativity to emerge and flourish. I suggest seven metaphors that can be used to describe creativity as it may apply to classroom contexts: overcoming obstacles, or creative desperation, divergent thinking, or thinking outside the box, assembling things in new ways, route-finding, expanding possibilities, collaborative emergence, and birthing, or originating.
Educational Development for Quality Graduate Supervision
Authors: Alharbi Hawazen , Jacobsen Michele
Published: July 2024

Graduate supervisors need ongoing educational development to enhance and develop their supervisory skills. From new supervisors to the experienced ones, faculty members all benefit from gathering to discuss and exchange their experiences and supervision practices. Increasingly, research is focusing on the study of best practices for graduate supervision given the need to enhance the student/supervisor relationship and students’ satisfaction with the quality of supervision. Offering educational development opportunities for graduate supervisors is complicated and needs more attention from universities. This paper aims to shed some light on the role of graduate supervisors, the factors that contribute to a successful graduate supervision experience, the factors that contribute to the complexity of graduate supervision with a discussion of different types of support for a successful graduate supervision and lastly, by introducing the design of a MOOC that focuses on Quality Graduate Supervision to be offered at the University of Calgary.
Boys, Jos. (2011). Toward Creative Learning Spaces: Re-Thinking the Architecture of Post-Compulsory Education. New York, NY: Routledge. Pages: 194. Price: $53.95 CDN, paper. ISBN 978-0415570640
Authors: Chick Nancy
Published: July 2024

Reviewed by Nancy Chick, University Chair in Teaching and Learning, Academic Director of the Taylor Institute for Teaching and Learning, and Teaching Professor in the Department of English, University of Calgary, Calgary AB, CANADA.
Convening Interdisciplinary Communities of Practice in an Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Wilson-Mah Rebecca , Walinga Jennifer
Published: July 2024

Communities of practice (CoP) are rich learning spaces that support knowledge creation, social engagement and practice improvement. In some university settings, there is a buoyant interest in creating and supporting interdisciplinary knowledge and practice. The purpose of the study was to apply an action research approach to explore the emergence of interdisciplinary communities of practice in a university context and to reflect on the practice of convening a CoP. How do communities of practice emerge and what approaches and practices nourish these groups? The authors of this study share a reflection on their role as convenors of CoP and on their work facilitating the emergence of these interdisciplinary groups.
Let’s Talk About Power: How Teacher Use of Power Shapes Relationships and Learning
Authors: Reid Leslie Frances , Kawash Jalal
Published: July 2024

Teachers’ use of power in learning environments affects our students’ experiences, our teaching experiences, and the extent to which learning goals are met. The types of conversations we hold or avoid with students send cues regarding how we use power to develop relationships, influence behaviour and entice motivation. Reliance on prosocial forms of power, such as referent, reward, and expert, have a positive impact on outcomes such as learning and motivation, as well as perceived teacher credibility. Overuse of antisocial forms of power that include legitimate and coercive powers negatively affect these same outcomes. In this paper, we share stories from our teaching experiences that highlight how focusing on referent, reward and expert power bases to connect, problem solve, and negotiate challenges with our students has significantly enhanced our teaching practice. We provide resources that can be used by teachers to become aware of and utilize prosocial power strategies in their practice through self-reflection and peer and student feedback.
Impact of the Quick-Response Code Based In-Class Assignments on Students Engagement and Retention
Authors: Goulding Richard R. J. , Harlick Anna Maria , Kelly Richard , Oksanen Karoliina
Published: July 2024

The paper describes a teaching technique alternative to online-based student response systems. We explore the potential of quick response (QR) code sheets as a tool for formative assessment, feedback, as well as a way to increase class engagement, student participation, information retention, and as a method to develop communication skills. The technique is neither institution nor course bound and can be implemented in classes of numerous sizes and levels. While it resembles more traditional teaching methods than computerized student response systems, it is student centered and accommodates digital natives’ approach to information gathering.
The Kinesiology Curriculum: Using Student Responses to Evaluate Course Content
Authors: Grewal Eshleen Kaur , Doyle-Baker Patricia K
Published: July 2024

The academic discipline of kinesiology is relatively new (1960s) and is devoted to the study of human movement. The knowledge base and subject of study continues to develop and now includes inquiry regarding the impact of physical activity on health, society, and quality of life. The purpose of this course content evaluation was to identify kinesiology students’ views on the addition of public health content in the curriculum. A lecture addressing the background history of public health, with supported reading, was given to forty students enrolled in an upper level Bachelor of Kinesiology-health course. Students were advised of the inclusion of this topic on the final exam and that their responses would be used to inform future direction of the course material. Students were asked to provide their opinion, through a written response to the question: Does public health belong in the Faculty of Kinesiology? A content analysis was employed and seven themes were identified from students’ responses. The themes highlighted professional experience, enhanced leadership, and health promotion and physical activity’s contribution to health. In summary, students positively evaluated the inclusion of public health within the kinesiology curriculum and perhaps this is not surprising given the scoring associated with the question. Despite this limitation, students provided insightful responses worthy of reflection that should be considered in a dialogue about the inclusion of public health content in the kinesiology curriculum.
Curious Conversations: Using Game-Based Learning to Develop Creative Culture within Technical Courses
Authors: Marasco Emily , Gatti Junior Wilian , Kim Beaumie , Behjat Laleh , Eggermont Marjan
Published: July 2024

Engineering products and solutions have revolutionized daily living, resulting in longer and more productive activities. However, the continued development of electronic components will be hindered as their sizes are reaching quantum levels. Creative engineers are needed to find solutions to this problem so that innovation in technology can be sustained. In this paper, we suggest that technical engineering courses can support developing creative culture by using game-based learning. Specifically, engineering students can design their own games as a pedagogical approach to develop creativity, learn innovation, and increase their technical learning outcomes. We illustrate this suggestion using examples from senior electrical engineering technical content.