bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU ANC DI PUSKESMAS BATANGTORU TAHUN 2020
Authors: Siregar Rya Anastasya , Batubara Novita Sari
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK

Angka kematian ibu yang tinggi disebabkan dua hal pokok yaitu masih kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai penyebab dan penanggulangan komplikasi dalam kehamilan, persalinan, nifas, serta kurang meratanya pelayanan antenatal care. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor- Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku ANC di Puskesmas Batangtoru Tahun 2020. Dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan Total Sampling dengan sampel 32 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan buku KIA. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji chi Square. hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap dan ketersediaan akses dengan Perilaku ANC di Puskesmas Batangtoru Tahun 2020 dengan hasil analisa bivariate hasil uji statistik Chi-Square dan Uji Kolmogrov-Smirnov diperoleh nilai pengetahuan (p=0,002), sikap (p=0,008) dan ketersediaan akses (p=0,006) < α (0.05). Kepada petugas kesehatan dalam pelaksanaan asuhan pada kehamilan dapat meningkatkan penyuluhan dan memberikan informasi tentang ANC.

 

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, sikap, ketersediaan akses, kunjungan ANC
Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur terhadap pemberian imunisasi tetanus toxoid
Authors: Handayani Nila
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAC

Immunization is giving the body immunity against a disease by inserting something into the body so that the body is resistant to diseases that are endemic or dangerous for someone. The immunization given to women of childbearing age and pregnant women is TT immunization which is useful for preventing tetanus. Tetanus cases are often found in a number of tropical countries and countries that still have low health conditions.The target set by the Indonesian government regarding the program set by Tetanus Toxoid in WUS is 80%, but in reality the target has not been achieved in accordance with the national target that has been achieved. The research method is descriptive relational using the Cross Sectional approach, the sample was taken using a total sample. The number of samples is 43 people. Data analysis using Chi Square test. The results showed knowledge 0.002 (0.002 <0.05) and 0.000 attitude (0.002 <0.05). The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of women of fertile age towards giving Tetanus Toxoid immunization in Palopat Pijorkoling Village. it is expected that women of childbearing age will increase their understanding of the benefits of tetanus toxoid immunization and for health workers to further enhance promotional efforts related to tetanus toxoid in women of childbearing age.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SARI KACANG TANAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI DI DESA PADANG BARUAS KABUPATENPADANG LAWAS UTARA TAHUN 2020
Authors: Batubara Novita Sari
Published: September 2022

Menyusui pada ibu pasca persalinan sering menemui hambatan akibat terlambat keluarnya ASI atau produksi ASI kurang. Upaya untuk meningkatkan gizi ibu menyusui dengan menyediakan makanan kaya nutrisi yang dapat merangsang produksi ASI yaitu kacang tanah. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh sari kacang tanah terhadap laktasi pada ibu menyusui di  Desa Padang Baruas Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara pada tahun 2020. Metode penelitian the one group Pretest- posttest desaign, Uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji Wilcoxon. Populasi semua ibu menyusui di Desa Padang Baruas Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara pada tahun 2020 yaitu sebanyak 15 orang.  Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa p-value = 0,001. Kesimpulan Ha diterima sehingga ada pengaruh sari kacang tanah terhadap peningkatan produksi ASI pada ibu menyusui Di Desa Padang Baruas Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara Tahun 2020. Disarankan Bagi ibu menyusui  agar mengkonsumsi sari  kacang tanah secara teratur agar produksi ASI nya meningkat sehingga ibu dapat memberikan ASI secara eksklusif .
Perilaku Personal Hygiene Remaja Putri Saat Menstruasi di MTS Swadaya Padangsidimpuan
Authors: Harahap Yanna Wari
Published: September 2022

Menstrual personal hygiene is a component of the personal hygiene plays an important role in determining the health status, particulary protected from infection reproduction organ. Due to the lack  of  understanding  of  personal  hygiene  genetalia  during  menstruation  is  occurance  of reproductive health disorders such as, vaginal discharge, urinary tract infection, pelvic inflammatory disease and the possibility of cervical cancer. One cause of fungal and bacterial infections in women is the lack of personal hygiene behavior during menstruation and lazy to change pads. The purpose of  this  research  was  to  determine  the  relationship  of  knowledge,  providing  information  with menstrual personal hygiene teenage girl in MTsS Swadaya Padangsidimpuan 2019. The method of this research was analytic survey with cross sectional design. The population in this reseach were consist of teenage girl class VII, VIII dan IX who had menstruated, as many as 41 people and the entire population was sampled. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate with the Statistical test used chi-square test at the 95% confidence level (α=0,05). The result showed that there was significant relationship between Knowledge (p-value=0,001<0,05), providing information (p- value=0,002<0,05) with menstrual personal hygiene teenage girl. It was expected that in the future teenage girl could maintain good behaviour during menstruation and continue to increase knowledge about personal hygiene during menstruation.
Parliamentary Questions
Authors: Bennett Fran
Published: September 2022

Parliamentary Questions is a selection of recent written questions from MPs to government ministers in the House of Commons. The answers from ministers highlighted in this section focus on social security, tax credits and poverty matters that may be of general interest to readers. Published in daily and weekly editions of Hansard, questions and answers across a range of issues can also now be found online at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/hansrd.htm

In addition to written parliamentary questions, Hansard also covers oral answers from the ministers in the Department for Work and Pensions and other departments on a regular basis. In recent months, ministers have also started making written ministerial statements. These are printed just before the written answers in Hansard, and often cover announcements of substantive policy changes, the publication of reports and so on.

Because of the availability of parliamentary answers on the website, only a few significant answers are now reproduced in full in Benefits. Other important answers are listed, in chronological date order, within each topic. (Please note that this is not a complete list of parliamentary answers on social security benefits etc, but only those that the contributor thinks fairly important and/or interesting within the limits of space.)

The answers below cover the period from mid-October 2003 to the end of January 2004.
Devolution and social security in Scotland
Authors: Parry Richard
Published: September 2022

Thirty per cent of public expenditure in Scotland is on social security. Not only has it not been devolved to the Scottish Parliament, but there has been no political pressure to do so over many decades of administrative and legislative devolution. This reflects the lack of appeal to politicians and officials of assuming responsibility for this expensive and unrewarding area, which (as Northern Ireland has shown) would, under a block-funding system, have in practice to be kept in alignment with UK policies. Some areas of interface remain, notably Housing Benefit and long-term care, and any movement towards fiscal autonomy for Scotland would require the whole issue to be addressed.
With love from me to you: the New Democrats, New Labour and the politics of ‘welfare’ reform
Authors: Page Robert M.
Published: September 2022

The major influence that New Democrat ideas and policies had on the repositioning of the Labour Party from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s, and its subsequent approach to welfare reform, has been underplayed within the field of social policy. As a consequence, New Labour’s welfare ‘revisionism’ has come to be perceived more as a pragmatic adaptation to global economic and social change rather than as a politically driven imperative. This has resulted in limited critical engagement with the broader dimensions of New Labour’s approach to ‘welfare’ reform.
Social justice: meanings and politics
Authors: Lister Ruth
Published: September 2022

Now that the main British political parties are committed to the ideal of social justice, the political debate will focus on its meaning(s) and how – and through which institutions – it is best achieved. This article discusses key dimensions of social justice – conceptualised as distribution and recognition claims – with particular reference to poverty, inequality, disability and the perceived tension between diversity and solidarity in the welfare state. The second part provides an overview of a number of social justice issues below and above the (nation) state, moving from the domestic, through the neighbourhood, the devolved administrations and Europe, to the global.
Poor neighbourhoods in the 1990s: better or worse? An analysis of 1991 and 2001 UK Census data
Authors: Lupton Ruth , Berube Alan
Published: September 2022

Despite the high profile given to poor neighbourhoods in the English government’s social inclusion policy, little is known about how many poor neighbourhoods there are, how many people live in them, whether their number is growing or diminishing, or in what ways they are getting better, or worse, compared with other neighbourhoods. This article examines trends in the 1990s, using 1991 and 2001 Census data. It finds that deprived neighbourhoods made substantial progress on indicators of work, education and home ownership, but that negative trends in population, health and lone parenthood tempered those improvements somewhat. Moreover, there are disparate trends within and across regions, and large gaps continue to separate poor neighbourhoods from the rest of the nation, highlighting the difficulty of ensuring that no one is seriously disadvantaged by where they live.
Research Round-Up
Authors: Rowlingson Karen
Published: September 2022

The Social Fund has long been criticised by researchers and practitioners for failing to meet the needs of people in poverty. The first piece of research highlighted here from the National Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux (NACAB) once again details the major flaws with the Social Fund. How long can the government hold out against reforming this Cinderella aspect of the benefit system?

Tax Credits have only just been introduced (as of April 2003) and so we do not know how they might work in practice. Having said this, the newspapers were full of stories of long delays as the Inland Revenue grappled with this huge administrative task. Work funded by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation argues that the UK Tax Credits have been designed to avoid the controversial overpayments which are a feature of the Australian system and the lack of responsiveness as in Canada. We will not know whether or not the UK system achieves this for some time.

The final piece of research here is a very positive assessment of the New Deal for Lone Parents. Readers might be suspicious of the rosy picture painted by the research given that it was funded by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) itself. But having worked for DWP myself in the past, and knowing that the authors of the report are respected colleagues of mine at the University of Bath, I think we can be confident in the independence of the authors’ conclusions!
Reflections on the development and work of the Social Security Advisory Committee
Authors: Saunders Gill
Published: September 2022

Over the past two decades, there have been three articles in different academic journals giving accounts of the role and remit of the Social Security Advisory Committee (SSAC) and its contribution to policy making (Logie, 1989; Bett, 1994; Ogus, 1998). The aim of the present article is to describe SSAC’s current remit, role and activities, to examine how these have developed over its lifetime and to discuss SSAC’s contribution to policy making today.
Mothers’ child support arrangements: a comparison of routes through which mothers obtain awards for maintenance in Britain
Authors: Morris Stephen
Published: September 2022

This article examines the means through which parents make arrangements for the payment of child support. The chances of mothers obtaining private maintenance agreements, Child Support Agency (CSA) awards or no award are compared by examining a number of factors, including the characteristics of separated mothers and fathers. The analysis is based on data collected through the Families and Children Study. The results show that private agreements, in contrast to CSA awards, are less likely to be in place where a mother has never lived with the child’s father or separated from him some time ago. Private agreements are also relatively rare where contact between a non-resident father and his child is infrequent or non-existent. Findings suggest that some facility for the registration of private agreements might be considered as part of the current child support redesign process.
Parliamentary Questions
Authors: Bennett Fran
Published: September 2022

Parliamentary Questions is a selection of recent written questions from MPs to government ministers in the House of Commons. The answers from ministers highlighted in this section focus on social security, tax credits and poverty matters that may be of general interest to readers. Published in daily and weekly editions of Hansard, questions and answers across a range of issues can also now be found online at www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm/hansrd.htm

In addition to written parliamentary questions, Hansard also covers oral answers from the ministers in the Department for Work and Pensions and other departments on a regular basis. Recently ministers also started making written ministerial statements. These are printed just before the written answers in Hansard, and often cover announcements of substantive policy changes, the publication of reports etc.

Because of the availability of parliamentary answers on the website, only a few significant answers are now reproduced in full in Benefits. Other important answers are listed below, in chronological date order, within each topic. (Please note that this is not a complete list of parliamentary answers on social security benefits etc but only those which the contributor thinks fairly important and/or interesting within the limits of space.)

The answers below cover the period from the beginning of February to the end of May 2004. Some questions will have been addressed to the Treasury rather than to the Department for Work and Pensions, including the question reproduced in full.
Care leavers, financial support and the 2000 Children (Leaving Care) Act
Authors: Grover Chris , Stewart John
Published: September 2022

We examine those aspects of the 2000 Children (Leaving Care) Act that have placed a duty on local authorities to provide financial support for care leavers from October 2001. It is argued that the good intentions of the Act may be eroded by inherent problems in the new system of support because it is structured through reference to social security policies that are widely held to be problematic for all young people needing to claim benefit.
How to help people pay local tax: abolish Council Tax Benefit?
Authors: Orton Michael
Published: September 2022

Council tax featured as a significant issue in the 2005 General Election and with ongoing debate about the reform of local taxation, council tax benefit is receiving increasing attention. This article examines the developing debate and argues that while the current focus is largely on improving take-up of council tax benefit, there is an opportunity for new thinking about ways of assisting people on low incomes to pay local tax.
Acting on a hunch: cybervetting and the role of emotions in job recruitment
Authors: Hedenus Anna , Backman Christel
Published: September 2022

The process of recruiting new employees involves the risk of hiring the ‘wrong’ person. Systematic and extensive information gathering is therefore used to support objective and rational decisions. Today, the use of cybervetting is part of the recruitment process, but prior research shows that emotions, contrary to the ideals of ‘objectivity’, are essential for sorting and selection decisions. Based on interviews with 37 Swedish recruiters, this study demonstrates how cybervetting is motivated, restrained and directed by recruiters’ feelings about the jobseeker and the practice of cybervetting. The study findings also emphasise that recruiters believe in a ‘professional’ means of managing emotions, and the notion that certain emotions represent a tacit knowledge with an emotional foundation that is difficult to articulate.
Official Business
Authors: Lister Ruth
Published: September 2022

Official Business aims to keep readers up to date with reports from government, parliamentary and other official bodies. It provides summaries of new White Papers, Command Papers, Select Committee reports and other government and official material concerning social security, poverty and other related matters. This edition of Official Business covers:

social security and pensions

take-up

parents, children and young people
Research Round-Up
Authors: Rowlingson Karen
Published: September 2022

Research Round-Up aims to highlight new research in the field of benefits, poverty, social exclusion and inequality. Regular contributions come from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and the Joseph Rowntree Foundation (JRF) but we are keen to welcome contributions from anyone carrying out research in these areas.
Introducing Calendar 3: 2009
Authors: Patterson Terry
Published: September 2022

With the recent desperate recession in the UK, and with a general election fast approaching, the pace of change in social welfare law and procedures has spiralled fiercely. The government has tried to anticipate or respond to a vast range of difficulties and events. This article gives some context for a wide-ranging third calendar of benefit changes, published online alongside this edition of Benefits: The Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, which aims to keep readers on top of the many changes in a turbulent year: 2009.
Delivering entrepreneurship interventions in Northern Ireland
Authors: Gough Gordon
Published: September 2022

Craigavon Industrial Development Organisation (CIDO) is the local enterprise agency for the Craigavon area of Northern Ireland. Established as a limited company in 1985, it is a social economy firm with a remit to create wealth and employment through helping people to start up and grow indigenous businesses. CIDO does this by providing a range of services, including: pre-start, start-up and business growth training and consultancy; a seedcorn loan fund; over 75,000 square feet of small business ‘incubator’ units and transnational business networking opportunities. Supporting small business start-ups is an important strand of welfare to work policies – it can develop skills and confidence and help people to feel empowered.
A comparison of the safety of two different enoxaparin doses for thromboprophylaxis following cesarean section
Authors: ŞAHİN Buğra , CURA ŞAHİN Gizem
Published: September 2022

Enoxaparin, from the low molecular weight heparin group, is used as thromboprophylaxis in patients with risk factors following caesarean section. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of enoxaparin doses on the formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), wound site infection (WSI), wound site hematoma (WSH) and hemogram results of patients on the 10th postoperative day. A retrospective examination was made of the files of patients who had undergone a caesarean section operation and been administered enoxaparin as postpartum thromboprophylaxis for 10 days postoperatively. Two groups were formed of 16 patients who received enoxaparin at dose of 60mg/day and 25 patients who received 40mg/day. The groups were compared in respect of age, weight, gravida, gestational week at the time of operation, the leukocyte (Wbc), hemoglobin (Hb), and platelet (Plt) values on postoperative days 1 and 10, and the development of DVT, WSI, and WSH on postoperative day 10. The development of WSI and WSH was determined to be significantly higher in the group that received 60mg/day enoxaparin than in the group that received 40mg/day (p=0.007, p=0.008). With the use of 60mg/day enoxaparin, no change was observed in the Wbc and Hb values on the postoperative 10th day compared to the 1st day (p=0.128, p=0.947), and a significant reduction was determined in Plt values (p=0.014). With an increase in the dose of enoxaparin used as thromboprophylaxis following caesarean section in patients with risk factors, there was seen to be an increase in the formation of WSI and WSH. Compared to a dose of 40mg/day, the use of 60mg/day enoxaparin reduced serum Wbc, did not change Hb, and increased Plt values. Dose adjustment should be made for the drug used as caesarean postoperative thromboprophylaxis in patients with indications, taking the side-effects of enoxaparin into consideration.
Adverse obstetric outcomes in early and late adolescent pregnancy
Authors: GENÇ Simten , CIFTCi Mehmet Ali , CINGILLIOGLU Basak , AKTURK Erhan , SAHIN Orhan , KUKRER Sadik , YURCI Arzu , MIHMANLI Veli
Published: September 2022

Adolescent pregnant women should be considered as a high risk patient group. The aim of our study is to compare pregnancies in adolescent with adult age group pregnancies and to evaluate maternal and fetal obstetric outcomes. Patients were admitted to Gynecology Department of Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2019. Pregnant women were divided into 3 groups as Group 1 (aged ≤16 years: n: 280), Group 2 (aged 17-19 years; n: 956) and Group 3 (aged 25-35 years; n: 656). Demographic characteristics of the patients and maternal and obstetric outcomes were recorded.In adolescent age groups,numbers of gravida, parity and abortus, and gestational age, fetal weight, and rates of cesarean delivery were found to be significantly lower relative to age group of 25-35 years Adolescents aged ≤16 years had a significantly lower risk than adults as for preeclampsia (AOR: 9,23 (6,36-11,82) p=0,001),had a significantly higher risk than adults as for low birth weight (AOR: 4,75 (2,26-9,21) p=0,001). and prematurity (AOR: 7,54 (5,12-9,43) p=0,001). Adolescents aged 17-19 years had a significantly higher risk than adults regarding small for gestational age (AOR: 4,48 (1,89-10,67) p=0,001), oligohidramnios (AOR: 2,29 (1,16-4,54) p=0,017), prematurity (AOR: 4,97 (3,1-7,97) p=0,0001) and LBW (AOR: 2,14 (2,71-9,74) p=0,0001).Our study was conducted with a large pregnant group, Since pregnant women in adolescent group are closely associated with preterm birth, delivery of small for gestational age and low birth weight infants, it is important to improve health services to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Evaluating the Extent of Language Barriers Among Health Professionals in the Saudi Arabian Health System
Authors: Alotaibi Obaid Ghazi , Alanazi Abdulaziz Khalaf
Published: September 2022

This paper evaluates the cause, extent, and effects of language and cultural barriers within the Saudi Arabia healthcare system that have an indirect or direct effect on both the patient's perceived quality of care and the actual quality of care delivered. A systematic search of different databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, MEDLINE, and ScinceDirect.) was conducted. Using the following search terms language barrier’ AND ‘health’ AND ‘Saudi Arabia’. Additionally, the search terms ‘safety’ AND ‘quality’. The findings illustrate that the Saudi Arabian healthcare system is subject to significant impacts due to poor communication as a result of evident language barriers. Accordingly, it is proposed that individual level and an overall strategy for enhancing language and communication in healthcare across the Kingdom are implemented, including both technological solutions and organisational and human resource-based solutions. A proposed timeline for implementing these various strategies has been provided.

Keywords: language barriers, Saudi Arabia healthcare system, language and communication in healthcare
Okul Öncesi Çocuğa Sahip Annelerin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı ile Aile İşlevselliği Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: GÖZÜN KAHRAMAN Özlem , DEMİRBAŞ Nihan
Published: September 2022

Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi çocuğa sahip annelerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri ile aile işlevselliği ve anne-çocuk arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla uygun örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen çalışma grubunu, çocuğu okul öncesi eğitim kurumuna devam eden 244 anne oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Ölçeği-Yetişkin Formu (SMBÖ-YF), Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği (ADÖ) ve Çocuk-Anababa İlişki Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde verilerin normallik dağılımına göre Mann Whitney U Testi, Kruskal Wallis H Testi ve Ki-Kare Testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, ADÖ Roller bakımından sağlıklı ve sağlıksız bireylerle annenin çalışma durumu arasında; ADÖ Genel İşlevler bakımından sağlıklı ve sağlıksız bireylerle annenin çocuk sayısı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p
Cloud Manufacturing with Fuzzy Inference System: A Supply Chain Approach to Post COVID-19 Economy
Authors: Kolahgar Sam , Nateghi Mohammad , Babaghaderi Azadeh
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic shocked the managerial team with unprecedented fluctuations in supply, demand, and transportation of goods and services. The lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic proved the urgent need for agility and flexibility in response to similar future crises. This paper proposes a cloud manufacturing model as a clustered supply chain approach that incorporates fuzzy inference systems to provide a platform for the post-COVID-19-economy. Cloud manufacturing is a way to standardize and increase the system’s reliability, and a fuzzy inference system is suited to deal with highly uncertain circumstances. A fuzzy inference system is integrated into a cloud manufacturing model to incorporate uncertainties related to Time, Quality, Cost, Reliability, and Availability in finding the optimum supply chain of manufacturers and service centers. The model is illustrated via a simulation in the manufacturing context. The proposed approach provides a tool to address the uncertainties and disruptions resulting from wide-scale crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Treatment of critical ischemia of the lower extremities
Authors: Uktam Safaevich Ismailov  , Feruz Kasimovich Xomidov  , Nodir Ulug’bekovich Kayumov
Published: September 2022

Chronic ischemia of the lower extremities (CLLI) remains one of the main socio-economic problems modern medicine. The problem of treating patients with intermittent claudication, despite the rapid development of medical technologies, remains one of the most significant in medicine. The progression of the disease leads to the development of complications such as major cardiovascular events, the development of critical lower limb ischemia (CLLI), as well as amputations, which are disabling diseases. In this article broad notion are summarized on critical limb ischemia, scope of the problem, its treatment and modern approaches for the management of this disorder. Besides, latest clinical trials and study results are stated in order in depth understand the management of the disease.
智慧創客教學之探究：以普通物理實驗—力學為例
Authors: 陳姚真 陳姚真 , Yau-Jane Chen 蕭和典 , He-Dian Hsiao 謝立宜 , Lih-Yir Shieh 甘宏志
Published: September 2022

第四代工業革命（工業4.0）的發展不僅引領了業界與學界的創新，也影響了人類的生活。本研究旨在開發普通物理實驗微電腦教學模組暨教材教具；再應用此一智慧創客教學於大一理工學院共同必修「普物實驗─力學」課程；並探討學生之學習成效。此課程以創意互動教學之優勢環境及互動教學模式為基礎，旨在營造創客實驗教學場域，並納入開放原始碼的單晶片微電腦模組，以建構普物實驗量測裝置，來激發及強化學生之自主學習與創客精神；同時培養邏輯運算與自動控制等程式設計能力，以達到學用合一之教學目標，進而提升未來就業競爭力。本研究兼採單組前後測及等組後測準實驗設計，實驗組採用智慧創客教學，對照組則採原有的創意互動教學。研究結果顯示，實驗組在教學後，對於「力學實驗設計概念與架設能力」及「程式設計概念與撰寫能力」皆顯著提升；而學生的「時間管理、訊息處理、專心、解決學習困難策略」與「程式設計概念與撰寫能力」及「期末測驗表現」有顯著正相關。因此，本研究能有效建置普物實驗力學課程之智慧創客教學模組，使學生迅速精準地驗證物理定律；同時提升教學相關器材費用之成本效益。學生訪談結果也顯示，學生在教學後已具備自行設計實驗之基礎能力。The development of the fourth generation of the industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) has led to innovations in the industry and academic world which affects human lives. The purposes of this study are to develop the iMaker Instruction, a microcomputer teaching module with materials, and explore students’ learning effectiveness while applying iMaker Instruction in a compulsory general physics course for freshmen in both colleges of Science and Engineering. The iMaker Instruction is based on the Technology Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) approach to interactive environments and incorporates Arduino open-source microcomputer modules for general physics mechanics (GPM). These tools are used to stimulate and strengthen students’ self-directed learning and creativity, while also cultivating their abilities of logic operations and automatic control in programming so that they can put their learning to use and enhance their employability in the future. This study adopts a quasi-experimental method for both one-group and equivalent-group pretest-posttest design. The iMaker Instruction was implemented in the experimental group, and the control group applied the TEAL model. The results indicate that students in the experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in their conceptual capabilities for mechanics experimental design and set-up, and also for programming design and development. In addition, the extent of students’ time management, ability to focus on the course, and strategies for solving learning problems were positively correlated with their performance on the final exam. Thus, the iMaker instruction and materials with Arduino for experiments on GPM is found to be effective to assist students quickly and accurately verify the laws of physics. Moreover, the cost-effectiveness of the experiment equipment in this course was highly improved. Results of student interviews also indicate that the iMaker Instruction enables them to feel more confident in designing experiments in general physics.
Spectrum of Clinical Presentations and Outcomes in Children with Poisoning at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Khan Zarmast , Hanif Muhammad , Yasmeen Sadia , Begum Naseem , . Ibrahim , Shaikh Saba Afzal
Published: September 2022

Objective: The purpose of this research was to better understand the severity and treatment options for paediatric poisonings at a major medical centre. Study Design: Retrospective Study Place and Duration: Niazi Medical and Dental College, Sargodha, From September, 2021 to February, 2022. Methods: There were 65 children had age 6 months to 14 years were presented in this study. All the included patients had accidental poisoning. After obtaining written consent from the parents of participants, detailed demographic information including age, sex, place of residence, and weight, was determined. Symptoms of poisoning, causes and products containing poison substances were assessed. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: We found that 38 (58.5%) cases were males and females were 27 (41.5%). Most of the children 32 (49.2%) had age 6-months to 3 years, 20 (30.8%) had age 4-6 years and 13 (20%) had age 7-14 years. Diarrhea was the most common symptom found in 28 (43.1%) cases, followed by drowsiness and fever. Organo-phosphorus compounds was the most common poison substance found in 26 (40%) cases, kerosene oil in 15 (23.1%) cases, pharmaceutical drugs in 14 (21.5 %) cases, opioid poisoning in 7 (10.8%) cases and plant/atropine in 3 (4.6%) cases. Most common container of substance was bottle pack found in 22 (33.8%) cases, followed by spray bottle in 16 (24.6%) cases, glass in 11 (16.9%) cases and 21 (32.35) were others. Conclusion: In this study, we found that young male children are more susceptible to poisoning. The most frequent symptoms of poisoning from organophosphorus chemicals are diarrhea. Keywords: Accidental Poisoning, Children, Organo-phosphorous, Diarrhea
Frequency of Hypokalemia in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Admitted to the Cardiology Unit of Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Hayatabad
Authors: Shireen Farhat , Masoud Maryum
Published: September 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypokalemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the cardiology unit of Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Hayatabad. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Setting: Cardiology Department, Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Hayatabad. Duration of study: 6 months (05 August, 2020 to 05 February, 2021) Material & Methods: In the present study a total of 217 patients were observed. Detail history, routine investigation i.e. ECG was done for the confirmation of acute myocardial infarction. From all the patients, 5cc of venous blood was obtained and sent to hospital laboratory to detect hypokalemia. All the laboratory investigations were done under supervision of same consultant pathologist having minimum of five years of experience. hypokalemia was considered positive if the serum potassium concentration is < 3.5 mmol/L on serum electrolyte levels. Results: In this study mean age was 68 years with standard deviation ± 8.04. 132(61%) patients were male while 85(39%) patients were female. Hypokalemia was analyzed as 20(9%) patients had Hypokalemia and 197(91%) patients didn’t had Hypokalemia. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of hypokalemia was 9% in patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to the Cardiology Department, Peshawar Institute of Cardiology, Hayatabad. Keywords: Hypokalemia, Diabetic Mellitus, Hypertension, Smoking, Acute Myocardial Infarction
Incidence of Misplaced Pedicle Screw in Free Hand Technique in Spine Fixation Patients
Authors: Ahmed Sahibzada Haseeb , Mehmood Yasir , Uthmanzai Sajid , Shoaib Muhammad , Swati M.Arsalan Azmat , Kashif M
Published: September 2022

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of pedicle screw displacement during free-hand technique in spinal fixing Material & Methods: This retrospective prospective study was carried out at Department of Neurosurgery Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from June 2021 to December 2021. Total 90 patients were included. The screws were implanted utilising a free-hand placement technique. Facet joints and transverse processes were among the anatomical landmarks that were revealed. According to the level approached, the pedicle screw's entry location was selected. The insertion was done medially to the intersection of the origin of the transverse process and the lamina in the proximal thoracic spine and laterally to the pars interarticularis (T1 to T3). Results: 90 people in all were included in the trial. With a mean age of 37.5 years, the age varied from 15 to 60 years. Male to female ratio was 2:1, with 60 (66.7%) males and 30 (33.3%) females. Pedicle screws totaling 540 were inserted. 310 (57.4%) of the screws were placed at the lumbar spine, followed by 198 (36.7%) at the thoracic spine and 32 (5.9%) at the sacral spine. Conclusion: Pedicle screw cortical violation was found to be very high. Small pedicle breaches, however, have the potential to cause neurological lesions that can be reversed if the misaligned screws are fixed. Keywords: Freehand technique, Pedicle screw fixation, Spinal fracture
Caring for Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia of Caregivers: Qualitative Study
Authors: Kanchanaudom Patcharapa , Siripul Pulsuk
Published: September 2022

Objective: The objective of this research was to study the care of the pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using a descriptive qualitative research method. Methods: Data were collected by in-depth interviews with 14 of the pediatric patients with ALL who were admitted to the pediatric ward at a tertiary hospital in the eastern region of Thailand. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Results: The care of the pediatric patients with ALL of the caregivers can be summarized into 5 important aspects as follows: 1) caring based on expectation, consisting of 2 sub-aspects: (1) decision-making on the choice of treatment and (2) inquiry sources of knowledge about care; 2) supportive care while receiving treatment, consisting of 4 sub-aspects: (1) managing complications, (2) preventing infection, (3) staying healthy and (4) receiving continuing treatment; 3) prevention the same situation care, consisting of 3 sub-aspects: (1) providing close care, (2) noticing abnormalities, and (3) changing the way of life at home; 4) fulfil the missing parts, consisting of 2 sub-aspects: (1) learning according to age and (2) brightness of age and 5) caring based on hopeless, consisting of 2 sub-aspects: (1) relieving discomfort and (2) not abandoning. Conclusion: These findings have led to a clearer understanding about the care for the pediatric with ALL of the caregivers. In addition, the data can be used to support the nursing practice in the care for the pediatric with ALL in accordance with the needs of the caregivers, the management of nursing education and further research. Keywords: Caring, Pediatric Patients, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Caregivers
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Mothers on Management of Childhood Diarrhoea Among Children Under Five Years in Al Mukalla City/ Yemen- 2022
Authors: Al Noban Maysa Saeed , Elnimeiri Mustafa Khidir
Published: September 2022

Background: Good knowledge, attitude and practices of caregivers is pivotal to protection, prevention and treatment of childhood diarrhoea, hence reduce mortality thereof. Objective: Our aim in this study was to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of mothers on management of childhood diarrhoea among children less than 5 years in Al Mukalla City/ Hadhramout- Yemen. Methods: Al Mukalla, Hadhramout Governorate/Yemen is the site of a cross-sectional study that was done with the help of the local population in both urban and rural settings. The 581 women whose children were younger than 5 years old were chosen at random. Information was gathered through the use of a standardised questionnaire. SPSS Statistical Package was used for the data analysis. Results: Among 581 mothers, 58% of urban mothers knew about the meaning of diarrhoea and 66.7% of rural mothers knew that continuous vomiting is one symptoms of diarrhoea. There was 68.7% of mothers did not agree that immunization can prevent diarrhoea and given ORS during repeating vomiting or diarrhoea episode (86.8%). Around 88% of mothers continued to breastfeed their children during the diarrhoea. Mothers in urban (AOR 1.008; 95% CI 0.901- 3.104) and rural (AOR 1.906; 95% CI 0.995- 9.025) at age 30-39 years old were more likely to know about diarrhoea than mothers at age >40 years. The age had significant influence in increasing the knowledge about diarrhoea (urban p= 0.001, rural p= 0.001), while mothers with good and fair knowledge were more likely to have good practice of diarrhoea than poor knowledge in both areas. Conclusion: Mother’s knowledge and practice about diarrhoea and its management with ORS was poor among the rural areas, related on their knowledge pertaining to vital issues as danger signs of dehydration, enhanced maternal knowledge would have a positive effect on their treatment of diarrhoea in children. Keywords: Diarrhoea, ORS, Knowledge, attitude, and practice.
Association of C(-1019)G with Risk of Development of Major Depression in Diabetics with Respect to Various Pakistani Ethnicities
Authors: Hashmi Tayba Saleha , Tazarrat Aqsa , Muzafar Sadia , Ashfaq Sidra , Anwar Iqra , Kiran Nafeesa
Published: September 2022

Objective: To determine whether the ethnicity is associated with the risk of development of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in adult diabetic population with respect to the genetic association with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C(-1019)G. Material and Methods: A total of 400 subjects were included in the study, out of which 200 were cases and 200 were age, gender and ethnicity matched healthy controls. Out of 200 cases , 100 cases had diabetes mellitus (DM) only and 100 cases had DM with MDD. Both males and females were included in the study having ages 25 years and above. Cases of both type I and type II DM were included in the study. Blood samples were collected and DNA was extracted by Chelax method. Real-time PCR was carried out to determine respective allelic frequencies of C(-1019)G genotype using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays and master mix. Results: According to our results no significant association was found between C(-1019)G genotype and risk of development of MDD in Pakistani diabetic population with respect to Ethnicity but diseased genotype was found more in Pathan population. Conclusion: There is no significant association of SNP C(-1019)G of 5-Hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor gene with MDD in Pakistani diabetics with respect to ethnicity. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, major depressive disorder, 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor gene, single nucleotide polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction.
Piecewise Fractional Analysis of Omicron Type Covid-19 Infection
Authors: Albalawi Kholoud Saad , T. Alkahtani Badr Saad
Published: September 2022

In this article, we investigate the new type of COVID-19 caused by the Omicron virus in the sense of piece-wise fractional derivative. The total interval is divided into two sub-intervals under fractional Caputo and Atangana Baleanu operators respectively. The whole model is divided into six compartments in which the agent of infection from Omicron is included. The proposed piecewise fractional model is tested for fixed points using the different theorems of fixed point theory. The approximate solution is carried out by the technique of the piecewise fractional Adams-Bashforth method. All the agents of the considered problem are tested for graphical representation. The first sub-interval is graphed for the Caputo derivative while the second interval dynamics are checked by Atangana Baleanu fractional operator. The numerical simulation results are established at different fractional orders along with the comparison of integer orders. This consideration will also show the cross-over behavior of the Omicron dynamics in human life and will be essential for its controlling and future prediction on various sub-intervals. The sensitivity of different parameters is also checked graphically. Keywords: Piecewise Fractional Derivative, Fractional mathematical model Omicron; Qualitative analysis; Caputo derivative; Fractional Adams-Bashforth technique.
Patients’ Satisfaction Towards Doctor’s Behaviour and Environment of Outpatient Department of Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore
Authors: Nawaz Fatima Kausar , Afzal Muneeba , Khalid Rabia , Zeeshan Mahek , Afzal Ayesha , Farooq Amna
Published: September 2022

Background: Patients' satisfaction is defined as a subjective evaluation of the service received against the individual’s expectations. Patients' satisfaction should be measured frequently as it is the important indicator of quality in health care and also because there is still room for improvement in quality of health care. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine patients’ satisfaction in reference to doctor’s behavior and environment of the out-patient department at the tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Study was carried out in OPD of Sheikh Zayed Hospital using a pretested questionnaire with 320 samples from January 2022 to March 2022, selected by systemic random sampling technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.00. Data was presented using figure and tables and described using frequencies and percentages. Result: Patients expressing satisfaction were 68.4% while remaining 31.5% were dissatisfied with their OPD experience. Overall behavior of doctor towards patients was satisfying while the environmental structure of OPD showed some flaws. Mean consultation time given by doctor was found to be 5.78±4.28 minutes. And 53.1% of the patients waited for more than 45 minutes. Conclusion: The findings of this survey must be used to bring improvement. Loopholes found in environmental structure should be addressed timely. Satisfaction level can further be improved and brought to the level of developed countries.
Prevalence of Poisons in Dead Bodies Reported to Khyber Medical College, Peshawar
Authors: Anjum Muhammad Ali , Haq Rizwan Ul , Alam Naveed , Yasmin Rubina Salma , Naveed Shahida , Hamza Amir
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Poisoning is worldwide leading morbidity and mortality cause, poison is defined as any substance which is taken in any amount and any route injures, endangers or kills a person. The study was focused on types of poisons and frequency of poisoning recorded in different age group. Objective: To determine the prevalence of poisons in dead bodies reported to Khyber Medical College, Peshawar. Design and Sitting: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Mortuary section of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Khyber Medical College,Peshawar. Methods: The study was conducted with the help of specifically designed proforma. All the data was entered into statistical software SPSS v25.0. Categorical variables like gender and type of poison calculated. Results: The study revealed, Morphine (n= 07) was detected in the highest number of cases, followed by Amphetamine (n= 03) and Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (n= 03), while the others were found in a minor number of cases in this study. The gender male was the most common (n = 39) and died from poisoning, followed by the female (n= 05). A total of 46 instances were reported as negative, with a male population of (n= 37) and a female population of (n= 09). Young people between the ages of 21 and 40 were found to have the highest number of positive cases (n= 27). Conclusion: It is concluded that Morphine was found more prevalent in gender male rather than female population in the total number of reported cases. Keyword: Poisoning, accidental, intentional, type of poisons, Morphine.
Pre-Lacteal Feeding Practice in Hospitals of Lahore; A Multicenter Study
Authors: Farooq Amna , Afzal Ayesha , Zeeshan Mahek , Khalid Rabia , Afzal Muneeba , Nawaz Fatima Kausar
Published: September 2022

Background: Introduction of Pre-lacteal feeding soon after the baby is born is a common practice, and different predictors of PLFs have been reported worldwide. Mainly, people practice Pre-lacteal feeding to follow the religious beliefs or cultural traditions of their area. Objective: To describe the frequency, nature, reasons, and factors associated with Pre-lacteal feeding. Methods: 320 mothers and their neonates were studied from January 2022 to March 2022. Family and infant socioeconomic status, PLF classification, and PLF triggers were all recorded. Results: Nearly two-thirds of the infants were given prelacteal meals. Honey accounted for 59.3% of all PLFs. Conventional/historical reasons accounted for 80.2% of all PLF distributions in 2017. The independent predictors of PLF are urban residence, maternal education, age of mother and trend running in the family. Conclusion: Advantages of Pre-lacteal feeding along with breastfeeding should be studied more comprehensively to define a clear-cut relationship between the two.