bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Por qué el derecho es violente (y debería reconocerlo)
Authors: Montemayor Ivan
Published: July 2021

En esta recensión se comenta el libro Por qué el derecho es violento (y debería reconocerlo) de Christoph Menke. El autor bebe de la filosofía hegeliana y de autores como Walter Benjamin o Michel Foucault para mostrar como la conexión entre el derecho y la violencia es persistente y como el derecho no es la negación de la violencia. Menke propone finalmente un derecho autorreflexivo para limitar la inevitable violencia que habita en el devenir del derecho en nuestras sociedades.
«Estados Mórbidos». Un análisis necropolítico de la fibromialgia en las sociedades contemporáneas
Authors: Méndez de la Brena Dresda Emma
Published: July 2021

Cada sociedad tiene sus propias enfermedades particulares y esas enfermedades dicen la verdad de su sociedad. El escenario que vivimos actualmente ubica la vida, cualquier vida, “entre la explosión y el estallido” (López Petit, 2015), donde no hay distinción entre vida y muerte sino debilidad como un continuo. Entre la explosión y el estallido hay cuerpos exhaustos. Cuerpos que muestran no sólo los aspectos debilitantes del neoliberalismo sino las economías que lo sustentan. Este artículo introduce el concepto de «Estados mórbidos» como una doble condición de vida que incorpora, por un lado, los regímenes afectivos contemporáneos de autoprecariedad y autorresponsabilidad que sitúan la enfermedad como un estado individual («estados mórbidos» en minúsculas). Por otro lado, («Estados Mórbidos» en mayúscula) el concepto se refiere a la necroadministración y aprovechamiento de la morbilidad a través de estructuras estatales que llamo «morbopolíticas», que posibilitan la producción de la propia enfermedad. En este círculo concéntrico, la fibromialgia se introduce como una enfermedad de género que se ha convertido en la fuente última para la extracción de vitalidad.
Una sociedad inasible. La inestable constitución de lo social en el pensamiento de Claude Lefort
Authors: Pinque Germán
Published: July 2021

Este trabajo pretende definir conceptos y esquematizar ideas provenientes de la filosofía política de Claude Lefort para pensar las relaciones de los “hombres” con sus formas y condiciones de existencia políticas. En primer lugar me referiré a los rasgos generales de la filosofía de Lefort y luego avanzaré sobre tres conjuntos de conceptos interrelacionados, desarrollando las argumentaciones y explicaciones que los despliegan, que sostienen sus vínculos, sus referencias y los integran en un movimiento y en una constelación de ideas más abarcadora, a saber: “Lo social, lo político y las divisiones antagónicas”, “La modernidad, la democracia y el pueblo” y “El Estado, la sociedad civil y los derechos del hombre”. Finalmente, y a modo de conclusión, repasaré críticamente algunos de los aspectos desarrollados, particularmente, la imagen de una sociedad en la que opera casi exclusivamente un antagonismo simbólico, ontológico, y cuya “política” parece devenir y limitarse casi exclusivamente a una ética de la competencia electoral.
Doppler optical frequency domain reflectometry for remote fiber sensing: erratum
Authors: Koeppel Max , Sharma Abhinav , Podschus Jasper , Sundaramahalingam Sanju , Joly Nicolas Y. , Xie Shangran , Russell Philip St. J. , Schmauss Bernhard
Published: July 2021

This erratum corrects a typographical error in Eq. (10) of our paper [Opt. Express 29, 14615 (2021)10.1364/OE.421842].
Robust broadband athermal 2 × 2 Mach–Zehnder interferometer with sub-wavelength grating adiabatic couplers
Authors: Mohammed Zakriya , Rasras Mahmoud
Published: July 2021

We report an all-silicon thermally insensitive (

−

1.5

p
m

/

∘

C

)

2

×

2

Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) over a spectral range from 1540 to 1620 nm. Additionally, the proposed MZI exhibits no imbalance in its extinction ratio with temperature. The broadband spectral range with minimal temperature sensitivity is achieved by slightly overcompensating the MZI design for temperature variations. At the same time, the uniformity in the extinction ratio is controlled using sub-wavelength grating adiabatic couplers for splitting and combining.
Narrow-linewidth single-polarization fiber laser using non-polarization optics
Authors: Hao Liyun , Wang Xiaohan , Jia Kunpeng , Zhao Gang , Xie Zhenda , Zhu Shining
Published: July 2021

Single longitudinal mode and single polarization are basic requirements of high performance fiber lasers, while their realizations are nontrivial, owing to the long laser cavity and lack of polarization selection of ordinary optical fibers. Here, we demonstrate an all-fiber narrow-linewidth laser realized on an external high-Q fiber ring, with combined functions of single-longitude-mode selection and linewidth reduction. A single-longitude-mode laser with a high polarization extinction ratio of

∼

40

d
B

and low white frequency noise at

0.3

H
z

2

/

H
z

is achieved, corresponding to a fundamental linewidth of

∼

0.92

H
z

. Using all non-polarization fiber components and ordinary gain fiber, our scheme shows the realization of narrow-linewidth single-polarization fiber lasers in a simple and cost-effective way, promising for broadband applications.
Modelling locust foraging: How and why food affects group formation
Authors: Georgiou Fillipe , Buhl Camille , Green J. E. F. , Lamichhane Bishnu , Thamwattana Ngamta
Published: July 2021

Locusts are short horned grasshoppers that exhibit two behaviour types depending on their local population density. These are: solitarious, where they will actively avoid other locusts, and gregarious where they will seek them out. It is in this gregarious state that locusts can form massive and destructive flying swarms or plagues. However, these swarms are usually preceded by the aggregation of juvenile wingless locust nymphs. In this paper we attempt to understand how the distribution of food resources affect the group formation process. We do this by introducing a multi-population partial differential equation model that includes non-local locust interactions, local locust and food interactions, and gregarisation. Our results suggest that, food acts to increase the maximum density of locust groups, lowers the percentage of the population that needs to be gregarious for group formation, and decreases both the required density of locusts and time for group formation around an optimal food width. Finally, by looking at foraging efficiency within the numerical experiments we find that there exists a foraging advantage to being gregarious.
Genome analysis of cotton leafroll dwarf virus reveals variability in the silencing suppressor protein, genotypes and genomic recombinants in the USA
Authors: Tabassum Afsha , Bag Sudeep , Suassuna Nelson D. , Conner Kassie N. , Chee Peng , Kemerait Robert C. , Roberts Phillip
Published: July 2021

Cotton leafroll dwarf virus (CLRDV) is an emerging virus in cotton production in Georgia and several other Southeastern states in the USA. To better understand the genetic diversity of the virus population, the near complete genome sequences of six isolates from Georgia and one from Alabama were determined. The isolates sequenced were 5,866 nucleotides with seven open reading frames (ORFs). The isolates from Georgia were >94% identical with other isolates from the USA and South America. In the silencing suppressor protein (P0), at amino acid position 72, the isolates from Georgia and Alabama had a valine (V), similar to resistant-breaking ‘atypical’ genotypes in South America, while the Texas isolate had isoleucine (I), similar to the more aggressive ‘typical’ genotypes of CLRDV. At position 120, arginine (R) is unique to Georgia and China isolates, but absent in Alabama, Texas and South American isolates. Ten potential recombinant events were detected in the isolates sequenced. An increased understanding of CLRDV population structure and genetic diversity will help develop management strategies for CLRDV in the USA cotton belt.
Creating the funerary landscape of Eastern Sudan
Authors: Costanzo Stefano , Brandolini Filippo , Idriss Ahmed Habab , Zerboni Andrea , Manzo Andrea
Published: July 2021

Funerary landscapes are eminent results of the relationship between environments and superstructural human behavior, spanning over wide territories and growing over centuries. The comprehension of such cultural palimpsests needs substantial research efforts in the field of human ecology. The funerary landscape of the semi-arid region of Kassala (Eastern Sudan) represents a solid example. Therein, geoarchaeological surveys and the creation of a desk-based dataset of thousands of diachronic funerary monuments (from early tumuli up to modern Beja people islamic tombs) were achieved by means of fieldwork and remote sensing over an area of ∼4100 km2. The wealth of generated information was employed to decipher the spatial arrangement of sites and monuments using Point Pattern Analysis. The enormous number of monuments and their spatial distribution are here successfully explained using, for the first time in archaeology, the Neyman-Scott Cluster Process, hitherto designed for cosmology. Our study highlights the existence of a built funerary landscape with galaxy-like aggregations of monuments driven by multiple layers of societal behavior. We suggest that the distribution of monuments was controlled by a synthesis of opportunistic geological constraints and cultural superstructure, conditioned by the social memory of the Beja people who have inhabited the region for two thousand years and still cherish the ancient tombs as their own kin’s.
A ciência da avaliação do risco: “evidenciação” de limites epistemológicos inevitáveis
Authors: Betâmio de Almeida António
Published: July 2021

O autor apresenta uma análise da estrutura epistemológica associada à avaliação do risco considerada como componente fundamental da gestão do risco, em sentido lato. Após a justificação da seleção desta componente das outras que constituem a gestão do risco (sentido restrito) e de crises, apresentam-se algumas características do risco e da respectiva avaliação que evidenciam desafios e limites epistemológicos específicos e inevitáveis. A “evidenciação” destes limites e dos efeitos na ética e na comunicação do risco é uma manifestação positiva da maturidade e da consolidação desta área do conhecimento e um incentivo a desenvolvimentos futuros.
Sócrates y sus medios de subsistencia
Authors: Dorion Louis-André
Published: July 2021

Conocido por su pobreza, ¿de qué vive Sócrates? Un estudio minucioso de las fuentes revela que, para satisfacer sus necesidades, contaba con tres medios: la mendicidad, la generosidad de sus amigos y los regalos prometidos por los poderosos. Ahora bien, en relación con estos medios, las fuentes examinadas son ambivalentes: algunas señalan que Sócrates los usaba; otras, que los rechazaba firmemente para preservar su independencia.
FRAILTY IS ASSOCIATED WITH DISABILITY AND RECENT HOSPITALIZATION IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY: THE COYOACAN COHORT
Authors: AVILA-FUNES J.A. , MEDINA-CAMPOS R.H. , TAMEZ-RIVERA O. , NAVARRETE-REYES A.P. , AMIEVA H. , AGUILAR-NAVARRO S.
Published: July 2021

Background: The phenotype of frailty proposed by Fried et al has shown to predict several adverse health-related outcomes in elderly populations worldwide; however, the description of such associations in Latin America is still scarce. Objective: To describe the association between frailty and recent hospitalization, disability for basic (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Design, Setting and Participants:Cross-sectional study of 1,124 community-dwelling adults aged 70 and older participating in the Coyoacán cohort. Measurements: Frailty was defined by the presence of at least three of the following criteria: weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slowness, and weakness. Multiple regression analyses were used to test the association between frailty and the outcomes of interest, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Mean age was 78.2 (SD ±6.1) years. Prevalence of frailty was 14.1%. Adjusted multivariate models showed that frail status was associated with ADL disability (OR 3.06, 95%CI 1.52-6.17), IADL disability (OR 17.02, 95%CI 6.16-47.01), and recent hospitalization (OR 3.21, 95%CI 1.31-7.8). Conclusion: Among Mexican community-dwelling elderly, frailty is associated with ADL and IADL disability as well as with recent hospitalizations. Moreover, frailty’s prevalence in this population appears to be greater compared to what has been reported elsewhere. Social and cultural traits should be further studied as correlates of frailty in diverse populations.
FACILITATING FRAILTY IDENTIFICATION: COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: ISLAM A. , MUIR-HUNTER S.W. , SPEECHLEY M. , MONTERO-ODASSO M.
Published: July 2021

Background: Frailty is characterized by increased vulnerability for adverse events such as falls, fractures, placement, and death. Several frailty models have been developed, including the widely accepted Frailty Phenotype. However, the Frailty Phenotype can be difficult to apply in clinical practice. Alternatively, the Clinical Frailty Scale has been proposed based on its simplicity. To date, the Clinical Frailty Scale has not been validated against the Frailty Phenotype. Objective: We aimed to test the inter-rater reliability of the Clinical Frailty Scale and its agreement with the Frailty Phenotype in frailty identification. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Retirement community in London, Ontario, Canada. Participants: One hundred and four community-dwelling older adults (age ≥75 years). Measurements: Participants were first classified using the Frailty Phenotype criteria as not frail, pre-frail or frail. Subsequently, two clinicians blinded to the first assessment, determined frailty status using the Clinical Frailty Scale. Differences between assessments were resolved by consensus. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using kappa statistics. Spearman Rho correlation coefficients evaluated the concurrent validity of the Clinical Frailty Scale against Frailty Phenotype components. Results: Analysis with kappa statistic showed substantial agreement between raters in applying the Clinical Frailty Scale to the sample (κw= 0.76, 95% CI 0.68, 0.84). The Clinical Frailty Scale scores also positively correlated with an increasing number of Frailty Phenotype components (ρ=0.69, p<0.01). Conclusion: The Clinical Frailty Scale is reliable and comparable to the Frailty Phenotype in identifying frailty in community-dwelling older adults with the advantage of being easy to administer in clinical settings. Reliable tools to identify frailty in community-dwelling older adults may help provide timely interventions to ameliorate risk of adverse events.
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ON THE PREVALENCE OF SARCOPENIA IN AN ACUTE CARE GERIATRIC WARD
Authors: SIPERS W. M.W.H. , MEIJERS J.M.M. , VAN DIJK R.B. , HALFENS R.J.G. , SCHOLS J.M.G.A.
Published: July 2021

Background: Sarcopenia is probably an important causal factor for functional decline in acutely illhospitalized geriatric patients. Low skeletal muscle mass, low gait speed and low grip strength are hallmarks ofdiagnosing sarcopenia. However there are many different diagnostic criteria to assess sarcopenia. Objectives:Inthis study the influence of different criteria for sarcopenia was studied on sarcopenia prevalence in geriatricpatients admitted to an acute care hospital. Design:Cross sectional study design. Setting:A geriatric ward of alarge Dutch hospital. Participants:Geriatric patients. Measurements:Skeletal muscle mass measured using bioimpedance analysis (BIA), gait speed using the 4 meter walking test and grip strength. The sarcopenia prevalencewas investigated according to criteria of: muscle mass, grip strength, the European Working Group on Sarcopeniain Elderly People, the International Working Group on Sarcopenia and the Special Interest Group of Society ofSarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders. Results:85 geriatric patients were included (61 women). Applyingthe 17 different criteria, the sarcopenia prevalence varied from 26-75% for women and from 42-100% for men. Comparing the Janssen calculation with the Maltron calculation sarcopenia prevalence ranged from respectively26-67% and 67-70% for women and from 42-71% and 75-100% for men. Almost all patients (96%) had a lowgait speed. Conclusions: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in an acute hospitalized geriatric population, although theprevalence varies widely depending on the diagnostic criteria applied. A prospective study is needed to discoverwhich criteria of sarcopenia can predict best adverse outcomes.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE PERIOPERATIVE CARE OF ELDERLY AND FRAIL PATIENTS
Authors: KURREK M.M. , BARNETT S. , MINVILLE V.
Published: July 2021

The number of elderly patients undergoing anesthesia is increasing. At the same time aging is associated with decreased functional reserve of all major organ systems and an increase in comorbid conditions, requiring a comprehensive perioperative evaluation to minimize morbidity and mortality. The preoperative assessment should focus on the risk/benefit analysis vis-à-vis the proposed intervention, allowing the practitioner to adapt surgical and anesthetic care, as well optimize health and functional status. In addition to the usual evaluation for cardiac and pulmonary risk, the preoperative assessment in the older patient should also address the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and delirium. ‘Do-not-resuscitate’ orders must be clarified with the patients or substitute decision maker. Studies have not been able to clearly show the superiority of one anesthetic approach for the geriatric patient, although there are probably advantages to using regional anesthetic techniques. Overall the patient’s preoperative functional status along with the proposed intervention is the primary determinants of the patient’s long term functional outcome and wellbeing. The elderly patient may be at his most vulnerable during the postoperative phase, and a relatively high frequency of adverse events in the elderly, including respiratory insufficiency, myocardial and cerebrovascular ischemia, renal failure, infectious complications as well as delirium and postoperative cognitive dysfunction have been observed. Perioperative interventions should target modifiable risk factors and the avoidance of even minor complications with an ultimate goal of improving long-term outcome.
Mujeres en Chile a 50 años de la UP: “La revolución será feminista o no será…”
Authors: Alfaro Monsalve Karen
Published: July 2021

Este ensayo aborda la posición de las mujeres durante los años de la Unidad Popular desde la perspectiva de la Mayo Feminista de Chile y el Estallido Social.
El modelo delictivo en el capitalismo neoliberal financiero
Authors: Pegoraro Juan S.
Published: July 2021

Se trata de un análisis crítico del capitalismo actual con sus formas delictivas de acumulación e inversión y sus prácticas políticas que conforman lo que se denomina Capitalismo Neoliberal financiero. Su naturaleza es delictiva tanto en su acumulación dineraria por medio de diversas formas del crimen organizado como en su inversión crediticia transformada en capital para obtener una renta. Se trata de un proceso en el que participan numerosas personificaciones sociales y se ejercen relaciones de poder. La impunidad penal y la inmunidad social forma parte proceso. Este ensayo se enmarca en la tradición de la Criminología Crítica frente al resurgimiento en el campo académico de un Neopositivismo criminológico.
El fenómeno del liderazgo en la comunidad de la prisión
Authors: Clemmer Donald
Published: July 2021

El fenómeno del liderazgo en la comunidad de la prisión
The Implementation of Scientific Approach for Cooperative Learning Model Typed Inside Outside Circle (IOC) Toward the Science Learning Outcomes of the Seventh Graders of Lawang Public Islamic JHS Mandahiling
Authors: Maiyena Sri , Khaira Kuntum , Oktavia Widia
Published: July 2021

The science learning outcomes of grade VIII students at MTsN Lawang Mandahiling are still low. Students physics's low learning outcomes are because teachers still dominate physics learning, and the intensity of student involvement when learning is a little. This study aims to determine how to apply a scientific approach to the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model for students' physics learning outcomes. This type of research is quasi-experimental research, with the research design used is posttest only control group design. Sampling used random sampling, resulting in two sample classes, namely class VIII.2 as the experimental and VIII.3 as the control class. The data collection used a test of student learning outcomes on knowledge competencies in a multiple-choice test of 20 items. The competency data of students' attitudes and skills used observation sheets which were analyzed qualitatively descriptive. The results of the final tests conducted in the study showed that the physics learning outcomes of students in the experimental class were better than the control class. The average final score of students for knowledge competence in the experimental class and control class, respectively, was 78.00 and 66.00. For attitudinal competence, the average scores obtained by the experimental class and control class were 68.98 and 65.34, respectively. For the competency skills, the average scores obtained by the experimental class and control class are 74.22 and 68.25, respectively. Hypothesis testing is done by using a t-test. From the calculation on knowledge competency, the result of tcount = 3.07 while ttable = 1.684; on attitude competence, the price of tcount = 2.29; on skills competency, the tcount = 4.26; while ttable = 1.684 while t table = 1.684 at the real level α = 0.05. It means that tcount> ttable so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that the students' physics learning outcomes in applying the synthetic approach to the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model are better than the physics learning outcomes of students who do not use the Inside-Outside Circle cooperative learning model in solar system subject matter in grade VIII  MTsN Lawang Mandahiling.
The use of Polish and Czech as a lingua receptiva in comparison with English as a lingua franca – some remarks on multilingual modes of communication with reference to CSS and ICC
Authors: Steciąg Magdalena , Majdańska-Wachowicz Urszula
Published: July 2021

The present study aims to investigate the use of Polish and Czech as a lingua receptiva (LaRa) in comparison with English as a lingua franca (ELF) between Polish and Czech students when making semi-spontaneous dialogues. With this aim in mind, the notion of intelligibility together with communication strategies (CSs) and intercultural communicative competence (ICC) are discussed. The study is inspired by Bulatović’s et al. (2019) who investigated the effectiveness of LaRa and ELF between Croatians and Slovenes. The study investigated listening skills and showed that the mean of intelligibility was high irrespective of the mode. The study in question aims to expand prior research with reference to spoken interactions between Polish and Czech speakers. In particular, it examines the role of communication strategies and intercultural communicative competence in achieving intelligibility in two multilingual modes. The results of the study show that the level of intelligibility is high irrespective of the mode. In LaRa and ELF sessions intelligibility and negotiation strategies are determined by careful language choices, certain communication strategies, and intercultural communicative competence (intercultural attitude towards the partner and modes of communication).
Tetrahedral cages for unit discs
Authors: Yuan Liping , Zamfirescu Tudo , Zhang Yanxue
Published: July 2021

A cage is the 1-skeleton of a convex polytope in ℝ3. A cage is said to hold a set if the set cannot be continuously moved to a distant location, remaining congruent to itself and disjoint from the cage. In how many positions can (compact 2-dimensional) unit discs be held by a tetrahedral cage? We completely answer this question for all tetrahedra.
Voice in a narrative: A trialogue with Ruth Finnegan
Authors: Gintsburg Sarali , Galván Moreno Luis , Finnegan Ruth
Published: July 2021

Ruth Finnegan FBA OBE (1933, Derry, Northern Ireland) took a DPhil in Anthropology at Oxford, then joined the Open University of which she is now an Emeritus Professor. Her publications include Oral Literature in Africa (1970), Oral Poetry (1977), The Hidden Musicians: Music-Making in an English Town (1989), and Why Do We Quote? The Culture and History of Quotation (2011). Ruth Finnegan was interviewed by Sarali Gintsburg (ICS, University of Navarra) and Luis Galván Moreno (University of Navarra) on the occasion of an online lecture delivered at the Institute for Culture and Society at the University of Navarra. In this trialogue-like interview, Ruth tells about the childhood experiences that were decisive for her interest in orality and storytelling, about her education and training as a Classicist in Oxford, the beginnings of her fieldwork in Africa among the Limba of Sierra Leone, and her recent activity as a novelist. She stresses the importance of voice, of its physical, bodily dimensions, its pitch and cadence; and then affirms the essential role of audience in communication. The discussion then touches upon several features of African languages, classical Arabic and Greek, and authoritative texts of Western culture, from Homer and the Bible to the 19th century novel. Through discussing her childhood memories, her assessment of the development and challenges of anthropology, and her views on the digital transformation of the world, Ruth concludes that the notion of narrative, communication, and multimodality are inseparably linked.
Metal nanoparticles and biomaterials: The multipronged approach for potential diabetic wound therapy
Authors: Nor Azlan Ahmad Yasser Hamdi , Katas Haliza , Mh Busra Mohd Fauzi , Salleh Nur Atiqah Mohamad , Smandri Ali
Published: July 2021

Metal nanoparticles have been widely used in the treatment of diabetic wounds owing to their proven antibacterial activity and enhanced wound healing effects. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the use of metal nanoparticles in managing diabetic wounds, mainly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO nanoparticles), as well as their combination with biomaterials such as chitosan, bacterial cellulose, growth factors,etc. The combination of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials reportedly halts the growth and multiplication of bacterial strains commonly involved in diabetic wounds, including gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureusandAcinetobacter calcoaceticus) and gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli,andKlebsiella pneumoniae). Furthermore, these combinations have demonstrated enhanced wound healing of diabetic wounds duringin vitroandin vivostudies. Additionally, we highlighted the barriers and challenges associated with the use of metal nanoparticles, including toxicities. Moreover, toxicities were mainly related to the method of synthesis employed, as well as the physical characteristics of nanoparticles, including size, shape, surface charge, and morphology. Collectively, dual-therapy composed of metal nanoparticles and biomaterials has been shown to promote wound healing and can be developed as a promising future therapy for better outcomes in diabetic wound healing.
Use Of The GLYCEMIZER® Tool By General Practitioners To Meet Individual Glycated Hemoglobin Goals In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hatziisaak Nicolas Byron , Hatziisaak Telemachos , Keller Urs
Published: July 2021

Background — For general practitioners (GPs), it is often not easy to determine the individual glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-goal of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in order to offer them a tailored treatment and minimize side effects. Usually, they simply rely on their gut feeling. Objective — We assessed the usefulness of an easy-to-use algorithm (GLYCEMIZER®) to calculate individual HbA1c-goals and compared them with targeted (‘gut feeling’ of the GP’s) and achieved levels. Material and Methods — In this cross-sectional survey, general practitioners were asked to report anonymized data of at least 30 consecutive patients with T2DM presenting in their offices from May 1st to August 15th 2016 after obtaining informed consent. Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were used for the GLYCEMIZER® tool to calculate the individual HbA1c-goals. A statistical analysis was conducted in order to compare the calculated HbA1c-goals with targeted and achieved HbA1c-levels. Results — A total of 184 patients (mean age: 69y) were enrolled by 6 participating general practitioners from the Werdenberg-Sarganserland region in eastern Switzerland. Four patients did not meet the inclusion criteria. The overall median calculated HbA1c-goal did not differ from the targeted and achieved levels (7.1% vs. 7.0% vs. 7.1%, p=0.894). There was a significant difference between achieved and calculated HbA1c-levels in patients aged <50 (n=13, median 7.2% vs. 6.5%, p=0.014), goals not achieved) and patients aged >71 (n=85, median 6.9% vs. 7.5%, p=0.005), lower levels achieved in relation to calculated HbA1c-goals). Both in patients treated with insulin (n=44) and in patients without insulin (n=136) the achieved HbA1c-levels met the calculated goals (no insulin: 6.9% vs. 7.0%, ns; with insulin: 7.8% vs. 7.7%, ns). In regard to CKD-stages 3 and 4 the achieved HbA1c-levels were significantly lower than calculated (n= 41, median 6.9% vs. 7.6%, p=0.001). Conclusion — Calculating HbA1c-goals using the GLYCEMIZER tool is more accurate than relying on gut feeling alone, and is specifically useful in the treatment of patients with T2DM of less than 50, as well as more than 70 years of age. Furthermore, it is helpful to meet individual HbA1c-goals in patients with CKD-stages 3+.
Designing Composite External Fixator For Intertrochanteric Fracture Treatment Based On Vietnamese Femur Morphological Parameters
Authors: Quang-Tri Le , Tan-Bao-An Nguyen
Published: July 2021

Aim — 60 Vietnamese dry femurs were studied to design a carbon composite external fixator for intertrochanteric fracture. Its mechanical strength was evaluated. Material and Methods — The femurs were measured by standard goniometers. The fixator injection mold was created by a CNC machine. The fixator material included carbon fiber (30 – 40% content), BT4, and PA12 plastic. The fixator strength was calculated based on the Finite Element Method. Results — The average femoral neck-shaft angle, anteversion angle, bowing angle, head diameter, and neck width were respectively 124.850 (±7.12), 20.240 (±4.49), 14.900 (±3.27), 4.12cm (±0.30), and 3.05cm (±0.34). A mold and its resulting fixator were designed accordingly. The fixator elasticity modulus, tensile strength, Poisson ratio, and safety factor (K) were 1.32x1010 Pa, 2.21x108 Pa, 0.25, and 1.5, respectively, and max load, stress and transposition were 50-150 N, 1.21-1.38 x 108 Pa, and 0.4-1.27 mm, respectively. The composite fixator was more resistant against pressure across the x-axis but less against the y-axis than the chrome and Inox304 devices. Transposition was the smallest due to its tiny size. Load against z-axis pressure was safe for the patients. Conclusion — This study succeeded to design a prototype carbon composite external fixator with favorable mechanical traits compared with available metal fixators. Further clinical studies are needed to achieve an accurate evaluation of its effectiveness.
Somatic mutations in adrenals from patients with primary aldosteronism not cured after adrenalectomy suggest common pathogenic mechanisms between unilateral and bilateral disease
Authors: Hacini Inès , De Sousa Kelly , Boulkroun Sheerazed , Meatchi Tchao , Amar Laurence , Zennaro Maria-Christina , Fernandes-Rosa Fabio L
Published: July 2021

Objective

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common form of secondary and curable hypertension. Different germline and somatic mutations are found in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and familial forms of the disease, while the causes of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (BAH) remain largely unknown. Adrenalectomy is the recommended treatment for patients with APA; however, 6% of patients are not cured and show persistent PA after surgery suggesting BAH. The objective of this study was to analyze clinical data of patients with APA without biochemical success after adrenalectomy as well as the histological and genetic characteristics of their adrenal glands.

Design and methods

Clinical data of 12 patients with partial and absent biochemical cure were compared to those from 39 PA patients with hormonal cure after surgery. Histological, morphological, and genetic characterization of the adrenals was carried out by CYP11B2 and CYP11B1 immunostaining and by CYP11B2-guided NGS.

Results

Patients with absent hormonal cure displayed a longer duration of arterial hypertension and lower lateralization index of aldosterone production. In ten patients, APAs expressing CYP11B2 were identified. No difference in histological and morphological characteristics was observed between patients with or without a hormonal cure. Somatic mutations in APA driver genes were identified in all CYP11B2 positive APAs; CACNA1D mutations were the most frequent genetic abnormality.

Conclusions

Patients with partial and absent biochemical cure were diagnosed later and exhibited a lower lateralization index of aldosterone production, suggesting asymmetric aldosterone production in the context of BAH. Somatic mutations in adrenal glands from those patients indicate common mechanisms underlying BAH and APA.
Predicción de la quiebra en las empresas. Una revisión de literatura
Authors: Bernate Valbuena Martha Teresa , Gómez Meneses Fabio Enrique
Published: July 2021

El entorno actual en el cual operan las empresas a nivel mundial implica una amplia gama de riesgos que pueden llegar a ocasionar que las compañías se declaren en bancarrota y desaparezcan. Resulta fundamental lograr prever de alguna manera este tipo circunstancias, razón por la cual múltiples autores han abordado este tema con diversos resultados. En este documento se realiza una revisión de la literatura existente sobre quiebra empresarial durante un periodo de 68 años (1950-2017), espacio de tiempo que supuso un análisis de 4,439 trabajos publicados mediante técnicas como el análisis de concurrencia de palabras clave y las redes de citas. Esta amplia revisión permitió la identificación de dos claras tendencias de investigación al respecto, la primera, relacionada con la estructura financiera de las empresas y la deuda y, la segunda, en torno a publicaciones relacionadas con técnicas, métodos y aspectos estadísticos de la predicción de la quiebra empresarial.
Los índices bursátiles de sostenibilidad en América Latina y el Caribe: Relevamiento empírico
Authors: Panario Centeno María Marta , Vior Ignacio , Vior Ángeles , Rossi Ana , Tallelis Camila
Published: July 2021

El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer la presencia de índices sostenibles en el contexto latinoamericano y analizarlos desde el punto de vista de su metodología, funcionamiento y finalidad. Para el relevamiento se consideraron las bolsas de valores latinoamericanas listadas como miembros de la iniciativa de Bolsas de Valores Sostenibles de las Naciones Unidas (United Nations Sustainable Stock Exchanges) a noviembre 2020 y la información disponible en las guías metodológicas de cada índice.

De los análisis efectuados se puede apreciar que Europa y Asia son los mercados que cuentan con el mayor número de índices activos y que la presencia de los mismos en América Latina y el Caribe es baja e incipiente. En cuanto a las metodologías de cada índice se visualiza que las mismas varían según el índice en cuestión. Si bien se observa la presencia conjunta de criterios best in class y criterios de exclusión, las mismas difieren en cuanto al análisis de la sostenibilidad que realizan para cada dimensión el cual no es general sino, por el contrario, específico.
Effect of core-shell structure latex on pigment coating properties
Authors: Oh Kyudeok , Abhari Araz Rajabi , Im Wanhee , Lee Jee-Hong , Shen Zhenghui , Kwon Soojin , Yeu Seung Uk , Lee Hak Lae
Published: July 2021

The pore structure of the coating layer is one of the most important factors in determining the printability of coated papers. The coating pigment and binder are two principal components in paper coating, and their characteristics have a critical influence on the coating structure. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of latex binders affects the mechanical strength and pore structure of the pigment coating layer because the latex Tg influences the binding ability of latex and the shrinkage of the coating layer during the drying process. In this study, styrene-acrylate (S/A) core-shell structure latexes with different monomer compositions in the core and shell layers were designed, and their properties were compared with those of a conventional latex. These core-shell latexes were prepared using the same monomers in the same proportion and were used to investigate the effect of the core-shell structure on the structural and mechanical properties of the coating layer. The hard-shell latex with a high styrene content in the shell part yielded paper that was glossier and less rough and formed finer pores, resulting in an increased ink absorption rate into the coated paper compared to the other types of latex. The hard-shell structure showed better performance in printing uniformity and had less mottling.
The next-generation biomass for biorefining
Authors: Yoo Hah Young , Kim Seung Wook
Published: July 2021

Biorefining, which uses biomass as feedstock and converts it into valuable products, is a core technology for the sustainable green industry and has high potential as an alternative to the current petrochemical-based industry. This article covers the requirements for feedstock that should be met for the economic feasibility of a biorefinery. In particular, organic waste that meets several requirements as the next-generation biomass has high potential. However, the complex and significant differences in composition depending on the origin make it difficult to follow the previous system of classification such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. In particular, several organic wastes contain high value-added bioactive components. Therefore, a strategy for the effective use of high value-added ingredients contained in trace amounts is required, which is briefly introduced in the third section of this article.
Propaganda y personalización de la política en el nivel subnacional. Análisis iconográfico del uribismo y el fajardismo entre 2003 y 2015
Authors: Restrepo-Echavarría Néstor , Berrío-Meneses Carlos
Published: July 2021

Poco se sabe del fenómeno de la personalización de la política en el ámbito subnacional y su relación con la propaganda. Por ello, en este artículo se analiza cómo se configura la persuasión propagandística en los anuncios impresos de las campañas de dos fenómenos políticos surgidos en Antioquia: el uribismo y el fajardismo. El estudio se realiza a través de la metodología del análisis iconológico e iconográfico de los anuncios publicados en el periódico El Colombiano entre 2003 y 2015. Se demuestra que las acciones propagandísticas desarrolladas por los candidatos no se centran en sus propuestas políticas sino en juegos de seducción hacia sus audiencias, lo que contribuye, directamente, a exacerbar la personalización de la política en el nivel subnacional.
Table of Contents
Authors: Editorial Team
Published: July 2021

Table of Contents
Erfolgreiches Zeitmanagement: It's all about balance
Authors: Köster Marilena
Published: July 2021

In diesem Artikel zum Thema Zeitmanagement wird erklärt, wie mithilfe eines Zeitmanagements das Studium und der Nebenjob so organisiert werden können, dass die Studierenden immer den Überblick behalten und Stress reduzieren können. Es wird vorgestellt, welche Techniken, Hilfsmittel und Routinen dabei nützlich sind. Die Tipps und das Teilen der persönlichen Erfahrungen der Autorin im Bereich des Zeitmanagements sollen anderen Studierenden in ähnlichen Situationen helfen, eine gute Balance zu finden.
Vielfalt im Stiftungsalltag – Bibliothek, Archiv, Kunstsammlung
Authors: Ameis Kristin
Published: July 2021

In diesem Artikel wird die Stiftung John Neumeier aus Hamburg vorgestellt, die die international bekannte Tanz- und Ballettsammlung des Hamburger Ballettdirektors wissenschaftlich aufbereitet. Die Sammlung bündelt die Tanz- und Ballettgeschichte sowie das Werk des Ballettintendanten John Neumeiers in einem Haus. Kristin Ameis hat als studentische Mitarbeiterin seit mehreren Jahren für die Stiftung gearbeitet. Im Artikel stellt sie die vielfältigen Aufgaben dar, die sich über die Arbeitsbereiche Bibkliothek, Archiv und Kunstsammlung erstrecken.
Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Structural Precast Concrete Products, 5th Edition
Authors:   Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute
Published: July 2021

Specifiers, producers, testing labs, inspection consultants, teachers, designers, and quality technicians should all have a copy of this QC manual. These standards and the accompanying commentary will serve as a strong foundation for a plant's quality system for the manufacture of structural precast concrete products and for the manufacture of structural precast concrete products with architectural finishes. This is the updated version of MNL-116 which will be effective for plants January 1, 2022.
The Project eMysteries – From reading to writing
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Carvalho Pires Maria da Natividade , Morgado Maria Margarida ,   Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco
Published: July 2021

Digital culture is impacting heavily on young people’s lives, be it through their own attachment to social media through mobile devices or the new Covid-19 demands on distance online education. Maryanne Wolf in Reader, Come Home (2018) argues through her cognitive neuroscientific studies on reading that the mind of readers is changing given the media they are constantly using (mobile phones, computers). One of the issues Wolf debates is the loss of deep detailed modes of reading comprehension or the willingness of today’s (young) readers to engage with complex sentences or longer texts. She claims, however, that really good reading is close reading, a form of reading that requires intellectual effort from the reader involving the intellectual skills of reasoning, thinking and understanding (Wolf, 2018). How can this be promoted in the digital age? This is the aim of a European Erasmus+ funded project the authors are involved in called e-Mysteries: Detective Stories to Engage Students in Close Reading with the Use of Mobile Devices (short name: e-Mysteries). New forms of reading, as those being developed by the e-Mysteries project, create opportunities for the participatory empathetic, critical, and analytical engagement of students with what they read as well as with individual and collaborative writing in a modern flux of consumer-producer.
Análisis una propuesta didáctica para trabajar la poesía en un aula de Primaria: leer a Leopoldo de Luis
Authors:   Universidad de Valencia, Arlandis Sergio , Rodríguez José M. ,   Universidad de Lleida
Published: July 2021

There are many proposals that bring poetry reading into the classroom, although the results, even with good will, are not always very satisfactory, perhaps because they begin with the wrong idea of what a poetic text is and what this requires. In this study we intend to review these ideas, assessing the suitability of a poem by Leopoldo de Luis, about a football game. We have made a serious review of the results obtained in its implementation, both in an Elementary classroom and in some groups of university students. The results are both enlightening and disturbing in some ways, as they show too many deficiencies, both in reading habits and in the ways of working with poetry in the classroom.
ATTITUDES OF THE DIFFERENT OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS ABOUT PARENTHOOD
Authors: YILDIRIM Emine , UÇKAN Mustafa Ülkü , YENGİL TACİ Duygu , FİDANCI İzzet , GÜLMEZ Gülay , İŞCAN Gökçe , ARSLAN İsmail , TEKİN Oğuz
Published: July 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the point of view in different occupational groups against the parenthood with a biopsychosocial approach.

Material and Method: A questionnaire consisting of 48 questions about Scale of Outlook to Parenthood and demography was administered to individuals from different occupational groups at the age of parenthood.

Results: It is established that the scores of attitudes to marriage of scale of Outlook to Parenthood is affected by the occupation of individual's parent. The mean scores for the Attitudes to Marriage factor are found to be higher for health professionals group than security group, educator group and housewives group. It is established that regular reading habit effects Family Environment, Attitudes to Children and point of Attitudes to Marriage factors positively. Duration of education is found to effect Social Attitude factor positively.

Conclusions: Scale of Outlook to Parenthood shows that there are statistical differences between the occupational groups.
Scrotal involvement in childhood immunoglobulin A associated vasculitis
Authors: ÇELİKEL Elif , KURT Tuba , AYDIN Fatma , EKİCİ TEKİN Zahide , TEKGÖZ Nilüfer , COŞKUN Serkan , SEZER Müge , KAPLAN Melike , KARAGÖL Cüneyt , ACAR Banu
Published: July 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic and clinic findings in immunoglobulin A-associated vasculitis (IgAV) patients with scrotal involvement and also to determine predictive factors for assessing the development of scrotal involvement.
Materiel and Methods: The medical records of 181 boys who were diagnosed with IgAV in the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic of our center between September 2015-January 2021 were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: A total number of 181 boys with IgAV included in the study. Twenty-seven (14.9%) of the 181 boys with IgAV had scrotal involvement. Among the scrotal-involved patients, 160 boys (88.4%) had scrotal swelling, 120 (66.3%) had erythema and 145 (80.1%) had scrotal pain or tenderness. Scrotal involvement was the first symptom of IgAV in one patient. CRP and WBC were significantly higher in the scrotal-involved group compared to the non-involved group (p=0.018, p=0.04, respectively). There were no significant differences in clinical findings and organ involvements between two groups. On ultrasonography, bilateral scrotal soft tissue thickening was observed in all patients. In 130 of the patients (71.8%), the epididymis was swollen with increased vascularity. The size, echogenicity and vascularity of the testicles were within normal limits. Eighty-seven of the patients (48%) were given steroids, 22 of them (11.7%) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Conclusion: Scrotal involvement in boys with IgAV is not rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with scrotal pain, swelling and erythema. In addition, inflammatory markers may be higher in patients with scrotal involvement.