bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geographic Information System (GIS) as a Tool in the Epidemiological Assessment of Wetwood Disease on Elm Trees in Tabriz City, Iran
Authors: Alizadeh M. , Moharrami M. , Rasouli A.A.
Published: July 2017

Plants disease epidemiology provides us with some information about the spread of diseases in different regions with various climates and helps us conduct suitable managing operations and predictions about the spread of disease to other areas. Geographic Information System (GIS) has been widely used as an important tool in epidemiological studies. Wetwood disease is one of the most important bacterial diseases on elm trees found in the Northwest of Iran. The disease has spread in different regions of Tabriz (located in the Northwest of Iran), which has become terribly epidemic. Geographic Information System as an appropriate tool in epidemiological examination of plant disease is useful in various ways. In this study, the epidemiology of bacterial wetwood disease on elm trees in Tabriz was investigated using GIS databases. The results indicate that the disease has become epidemic in different areas of Tabriz. According to the results, although the disease was not found in some regions, its severity was very high in some other areas. Based on the distribution map, the wetwood disease most highly exists in the central regions and some parts of the northern regions of the city, but eastern regions are least affected.
Consumer Demand for Beverages in Pakistan
Authors: Manan A. , Shahid B. , Sultan A. , Ahmed U.I.
Published: July 2017

This current research endeavors to study important factors having significant impact on consumer’s choice of beverages in Punjab province of Pakistan. Beverages in two major categories of ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ have been studied to examine consumer consumption pattern. Data has been collected through interview from 80 respondents belonging to two major cities of Punjab, i.e. Lahore and Faisalabad, by incorporating stratified random sampling technique. These two cities of Punjab were selected because of big departmental stores opening like Metro Cash and Carry store, Al-Fateh and others. A pre tested and well-arranged questionnaire was used for data gathering from respondents. To estimate the outcome of factors affecting choices of consumers (demand function), multivariate analysis was incorporated. Results of this research showed that consumption pattern of cold beverages was affected significantly by consumer income, cold beverages prices, city selected for survey and number of adolescents in a family, whereas factors which affected the consumption of hot beverages were food expenditure, living area, marital status, income, working persons in a family, family size. Due to availability of copious brands of beverages, consumption is escalating with the passage of time and consumers are eager to pay but owing to high rates they are not relishing full taste of beverages. So, local industry should produce cost effective and quality drinks to enhance usage.
Subcritical crack growth and crack tip driving forces in relation to material resistance
Authors: Sadananda Kuntimaddi , Solanki Kiran N. , Vasudevan Asuri K.
Published: July 2017

Basic concepts, related to the crack tip driving forces in relation to the material resistance, are analyzed for the elastic and elastic-plastic crack growth condition. This defines the crack initiation and growth conditions, as well as for crack arrest. Environment provides an additional driving force, thereby reducing the mechanical driving force required for the crack to grow. It is shown that (a) crack initiation and its growth are inseparable and (b) the magnitude of the applied and/or internal stresses; their gradients are also important for initiation and continuous growth of a crack. Elastic-plastic crack growth is also analyzed using the discrete dislocation models. The results show that its behavior is similar to that of an elastic crack. These concepts are valid for all subcritical crack growth. Mechanical and mechanical equivalent of chemical forces are defined for estimating the life prediction of a component in service. Failure diagrams are defined based on the extension of classical Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram that bridges the behavior of smooth and fracture mechanics specimens. Connections between crack initiation, growth, arrest, and overload fracture are established via these failure diagrams. Application of these diagrams for engineering components in service is outlined for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
Rehabilitation of Patients with Hip Joint Arthroplasty (Late Post-surgery Period – Hospital Rehabilitation)
Authors: Krastanova Maya S. , Ilieva Elena M. , Vacheva Danelina E.
Published: July 2017

Background:Hip joint replacement (endoprosthesis, alloplasty) has become one of the most frequent surgery interventions of the 20th century.

Aim:To conduct rehabilitation therapy in the late post-surgery period of hospital rehabilitation (45 days after surgery), to track patients’ progress and measure the results.

Materials and methods:One hundred and fifty-two patients with hip joint endoprosthesis were included in the study. All underwent surgery and rehabilitation at the Department of Clinical Rehabilitation of the Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Clinic at Doctor G. Stranski University Hospital, Pleven. Kinesitherapy included therapeutic massage, isometric exercises for gluteal and hip muscles, isotonic exercises for the hip and the knee joint, breathing exercises, analytical gymnastics, exercises for balance and posture stability; gait control, exercises with gym equipment; occupational exercises included all activities of daily living (ADL) that were practiced at home; treatment with performed physical factors included applying magnetic field, interferential current therapy, electrostimulation of them. quadriceps femorisand the gluteal muscles.

Results:The scores from the pain visual analog scale (VAS), the muscle strength test and the test for the movement volume of the hip joint were obtained at the beginning and at the end of the rehabilitation process and stored in an individual file for each patient.

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the complex rehabilitation program (kinesitherapy, performed physical factors and occupational therapy) can result in a considerably faster recovery and ensures that patients reach optimal functional results.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Hepatitis C
Authors: Mekov Evgeni V. , Petkov Rosen E. , Kostadinov Dimitar T. , Antonov Krasimir A. , Jelev Deian T.
Published: July 2017

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable, treatable disease with significant extrapulmonary manifestations that could affect negatively its course in some patients. Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV), on the other hand, is associated with a number of extrahepatic manifestations. COPD patients have increased prevalence of HCV and patients with HCV, especially older ones, have increased prevalence and faster progression of COPD. HCV infection exerts long-term effects on lung tissue and is an additional risk factor for the development of COPD. The presence of HCV is associated with an accelerated loss of lung function in COPD patients, especially in current smokers. COPD could represent extrahepatic manifestation associated with HCV infection. The aim of this article was to review the literature on prevalence of HCV in COPD and vice versa, pathogenetic link and the consequences of their mutual existence.
Association of Permeability and Lipid Content of Membrane
Authors: Ashara Kalpesh C. , Shah Ketan V.
Published: July 2017

Background:Rat skin and goatcul de sacare mostly used in optimization of formulations as the model of human skin andcul de sac.

Aim:To explore the correlation between lipid content of rat skin and goatcul de sacand permeability.

Materials and methods:Find out wavelength maximum for Sapat plus malam®, Ciplox eye ointment®and chloramphenicol eye caps and the standard curve was also derived.In vitrostudies using Cellophane®membrane andex vivostudies using rat skin or goatcul de sacof the formulations. Permeability coefficient, % dislodgeable dose, lag time, diffusion parameter, and partition coefficient were found for both studies after six and a half hours of penetration studies. Student’s unpaired t-test with equal variance was used to find any statistically significant difference in theex vivoandin vitrodiffusion transport studies at 95% level of confidence.

Results:Permeability coefficient of Sapat plus malam®, Ciplox eye ointment®and chloramphenicol eye caps were 0.000316 ± 0.0000625, 0.00416 ± 0.0001, 0.0034 ± 0.00004 for Cellophane®membrane and 0.0001 ± 0.000001, 0.002254 ± 0.0002, 0.00303 ± 0.0001 forex vivomembrane in cm2/min, respectively. For all three formulations, there were calculated t values which were higher than tabulated t values at 95% of confidence level (P<0.05).

Conclusion:Cellophane®membrane shows a better diffusion than rat skin or goatcul de sac. In the optimization of formulation, only Cellophane®membrane is advisable to use.
Fast separation of Cu2+ and Ni2+ in sulfate solution by Lix984N extraction using a microchannel chip
Authors: Xiao Biquan , Jiang Feng , Yin Shaohua , Zhang Libo , Peng Jinhui , Ju Shaohua , Zhang Lihua , Wang Shixing
Published: July 2017

A comparison study about the extraction and separation of Cu2+ and Ni2+ with Lix984N in a microchannel reactor and separating funnel has been conducted. The results showed that, in the microchannel reactor, the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient of copper was 20 times that of nickel, whereas in the separating funnel, it was only 2 times that of nickel. In addition, the separation coefficient of copper and nickel in the microchannel reactor was 5 times that of the conventional one. Typically, at initial pH=2.5, contact time 1.95 s, volume fraction of extractant Lix984N 15% and within 1.9 g l−1 nickel ion concentration, the extraction rate of copper was higher than 95%, but the nickel was hardly extracted. In comparison, it needed almost 50 s to reach a Cu extraction of 95% in the separation funnel, with more than 5% Ni co-extraction rate. Although the microfluid extraction showed excellent extraction performance, there exists a need to further improve its processing capacity to apply it to industrial production. Furthermore, scaling up the microreactor has become increasingly promising under the fast developing 3D printing technology.
Dynamic Water Mobility in Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicas) During Drying Process Assessed by LF-NMR and MRI in situ
Authors: Zang Xiu , Zu Yinxue , Zhang Tan , Xia Kexin , Song Yukun , Wang Yang , Dong Xiuping , Tan Mingqian
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the water dynamics in sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicas) during drying process in situ by the fast and non-destructive low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. T
2 relaxation spectra in three-dimensional (3D) color map surface image from LF-NMR showed three main peaks assigned to bound water with relaxation time less than 2 ms, immobilized water in the range of 15–150 ms and extra-collagen fibrillar bulk water or free water adhered onto the sea cucumber with the longest relaxation time 200–1600 ms. The water dynamics in sea cucumber during drying process was clearly observed from the 3D color map surface image. Significant correlations between the LF-NMR T
2 parameters (ATotal, A
23 and T
23) and TPA parameters were observed, demonstrating that LF-NMR might be a complementary technique in monitoring the textural properties of sea cucumber during drying process.
Building bridges across the Oxus: language, development, and globalization at the Tajik-Afghan frontier
Authors: Mostowlansky Till
Published: July 2017

In this article I set out to explore the Tajik-Afghan frontier in Tajikistan’s Gorno-Badakhshan region as a “contact zone” in which different actors engage in communicative encounters. Against this backdrop I take the construction of bridges across the Tajik-Afghan border river as a point of departure to analyse how these actors envisage processes of globalization. Following Pennycook, I argue that a focus on language as local practice reveals that the Tajik-Afghan frontier is marked by a high degree of different languages, but also by multiple meanings within and beyond these languages. As a result I maintain that highlighting the locality of languages at the Tajik-Afghan frontier provides an opportunity to frame language as tied to specific communicative encounters in semiotized time and space.
Monitoring Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated with Cardiogenic Shock — from the Emergency Room to Coronary Care Units
Authors: Barcan Andreea , Suciu Zsuzsanna , Rapolti Emese
Published: July 2017

Cardiogenic shock remains the leading cause of death in patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction, despite many advances encountered in the last years in reperfusion, mechanical, and pharmacological therapies addressed to stabilization of the hemodynamic condition of these critical patients. Such patients require immediate initiation of the most effective therapy, as well as a continuous monitoring in the Coronary Care Unit. Novel biomarkers have been shown to improve diagnosis and risk stratification in patients with cardiogenic shock, and their proper use may be especially important for the identification of the critical condition, leading to prompt therapeutic interventions. The aim of this review was to evaluate the current literature data on complex biomarker assessment and monitoring of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock in the Coronary Care Unit.
Computed Tomography Assessment of Coronary Fistulas
Authors: Jáni Laura , Mester András , Hodas Roxana , Kovács István , Benedek Theodora , Bajka Balázs , Benedek Imre
Published: July 2017

Coronary artery fistulas, a rare anomaly, are represented by an abnormal communication between the coronary arteries and other vascular structures or cardiac chambers and, in most cases, are detected incidentally. Regularly, they do not cause important pathological changes, but if the symptoms persist, they need to be treated. The hemodynamic impact depends on the localization and size of the fistulas. Noninvasive imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging and multislice computed tomography, are widely used for the detection of coronary anomalies. The presence of symptoms (angina, dyspnea) is the primary indication for the surgical or percutaneous closure of the communications; therefore, a systematic follow-up is indicated in all cases. We present four cases of coronary artery fistulas, without important hemodynamic complications, detected by multislice computed tomography coronary angiography.
From vine to wine: photophysics of a pyranoflavylium analog of red wine pyranoanthocyanins
Authors: Freitas Adilson A. , Silva Cassio Pacheco , Silva Gustavo Thalmer M. , Maçanita António L. , Quina Frank H.
Published: July 2017

In the ground state, the p-methoxyphenyl-substituted pyranoflavylium cation I, prepared by the reaction of the 5,7-dihydroxy-4-methylflavylium cation with p-methoxybenzaldehyde, is a weak acid (pKa=3.7±0.1). In its lowest excited singlet state, I is a moderate photoacid (pKa*=0.67) in 30% methanol-water acidified with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). In comparison to anthocyanins and 7-hydroxyflavylium cations, the photoacidity of I is much less pronounced and the rate of proton loss from the excited acid form of I much slower (by a factor of up to 100). In 50% ethanol:0.10 mol dm−3 HClO4, the excited state of the acid form of I undergoes fast (12 ps) initial relaxation (potentially in the direction of an intramolecular charge transfer state), followed by much slower (340 ps) adiabatic deprotonation to form the excited base. The excited base in turn exhibits a moderately fast relaxation (70 ps), consistent with solvent hydrogen-bond reorganization times, followed by slower but efficient decay (1240 ps) back to the ground state. As in uncomplexed anthocyanins and 7-hydroxyflavylium cations, the photophysical behavior of I points to excited state proton transfer as the dominant excited state deactivation pathway of pyranoanthocyanins, consistent with relatively good photostability of natural pyranoanthocyanins.
Microalgae of Protected Lakes of Northwestern Ukraine
Authors: Malakhov Yuriy , Kryvosheia Olha , Tsarenko Petro
Published: July 2017

The paper reports the first comprehensive study of microalgal species composition in four lakes of Volhynian Polissya (northwestern Ukraine), in which 271 species (279 intraspecific taxa) of 11 microalgal phyla were identified. Four dominant phytoplankton assemblages were determined for each lake. Bacillariophyta and Charophyta formed more than half (59.2%) of the taxonomic list, accounting for 94 and 66 species respectively. Desmidiaceae was the most diverse family, with 44 species (47 intraspecific taxa) of microalgae. The four lakes are highly dissimilar in species richness and composition, having only 8 (2.9%) species in common. Lake Cheremske had the highest number of algal species – 137 (144). Lake Bile, Lake Somyne and Lake Redychi were much less diverse, with 105, 79 (80) and 75 (78) species respectively. Morphological descriptions, original micrographies and figures are presented for a number of species, including some not previously documented in Ukraine: Chromulina cf. verrucosa G. A. Klebs, Eunotia myrmica Lange-Bert. and E. tetraodon Ehrenb. The lakes, which are almost pristine or are recovering, maintain diverse and valuable algal floras, making them important sites in the Pan-European ecological network.
Thermally activated persulfate treatment and mineralization of a recalcitrant high TDS petrochemical wastewater
Authors: Jorfi Sahand , Pourfadakari Sudabeh , Ahmadi Mehdi , Akbari Hamideh
Published: July 2017

Thermally activated persulfate efficiency for the treatment of a recalcitrant high TDS wastewater was investigated. The specific character of studied wastewater was high TDS content of around 23820 mg/L and BOD5/COD ratio of 0.07. Effective operational parameters including initial pH values of 3–9, reaction temperature of 40–80°C and persulfate concentrations of 0.5–5 g/L for COD removal were investigated in batch mode experiments. Removal efficiency was pH and temperature dependent. The COD and TOC removal of 94.3% and 82.8% were obtained at persulfate concentration of 4 g/L, initial pH value of 5 and temperature of 70°C after 180 min for initial COD concentration of 1410 mg/L. The pseudo first-order kinetic model was best fitted with COD removal (R2 = 0.94).
The application of RANS CFD for design of SNCR technology for a pulverized coal-fired boiler
Authors: Ruszak Monika , Inger Marek , Wilk Marcin , Nieścioruk Jan , Saramok Magdalena , Kowalik Wojciech , Rajewski Jakub , Wajman Tomasz , Kacprzak Wojciech , Tadasiewicz Dariusz
Published: July 2017

The article describes the technology of NOx emission abatement by SNCR method. The scope of research included CDF simulations as well as design and construction of the pilot plant and tests of NOx reduction by urea in the plant located in industrial pulverized-coal fired boiler. The key step of research was to determine the appropriate temperature window for the SNCR process. The proposed solution of the location of injection lances in the combustion chamber enabled to achieve over a 30% reduction of NOx. It is possible to achieve higher effectiveness of the proposed SNCR technology and meet the required emission standards via providing prior reduction of NOx to the level of 350 mg/um3 using the primary methods.
Biochemical and cellular properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus cultures exposed to different modes of rotating magnetic field
Authors: Fijałkowski Karol , Drozd Radosław , Żywicka Anna , Junka Adam F. , Kordas Marian , Rakoczy Rafał
Published: July 2017

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) on cellular and biochemical properties of Gluconacetobacter xylinus during the process of cellulose synthesis by these bacteria. The application of the RMF during bacterial cellulose (BC) production intensified the biochemical processes in G. xylinus as compared to the RMF-unexposed cultures. Moreover, the RMF had a positive impact on the growth of cellulose-producing bacteria. Furthermore, the application of RMF did not increase the number of mutants unable to produce cellulose. In terms of BC production efficacy, the most favorable properties were found in the setting where RMF generator was switched off for the first 72 h of cultivation and switched on for the further 72 h. The results obtained can be used in subsequent studies concerning the optimization of BC production using different types of magnetic fields including RMF, especially.
An investigation of the impact of an amino-ended hyperbranched polymer as a new type of modifier on the compatibility of PLA/PBAT blends
Authors: Jin Yujuan , Men Shuang , Weng Yunxuan
Published: July 2017

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends using amino-ended hyperbranched polymers (HBP) as modifiers were prepared by melt-mixing through a double-roller mill and injection molding. It was found that when the content of HBP was 2.5 phr, the elongation at break and the impact strength of PLA/PBAT blends both reached peak values. Moreover, by addition of HBP, the ΔTg of the blends was smaller. These results, together with Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images on the fractured morphology of the blends, indicate that the compatibility between PLA and PBAT is improved upon addition of HBP. The mechanism of the impact of HBP on the improvement of the compatibility between PLA and PBAT is proposed based upon Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra.
Monitoring of a Cold Roof Thatched with Reed (Phragmites australis) Using Wooden Substitute Sensors for Moisture Content Measurements
Authors: Brischke C. , Bornemann T. , Rapp A.O.
Published: July 2017

Reed (Phragmites australis(Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) is a traditional building material in many parts of the world and provides service lives of more than 50 years when used for thatching. However, during the last decades a significant number of thatched roofs showed premature failure due to decay. Potential reasons for this are manifold but not clearly identified, yet. This monitoring project aimed therefore on investigating the moisture and temperature conditions within a thatched roof structure showing severe degradation after only seven years in service to obtain more information about the decay risk of reed and its potential causes. Highest moisture loads were found on the outermost layers of the North-faced roof, which also showed superficial growth of algae, lichens, and mosses. However, it stayed unclear if increased moisture content (MC)was the reason for or the consequence of decay. An increasedMCwas also found where the roof pitch turned from steep to flat. The use of so-called substitute sensors made from preservative treated wood turned out as a useful method to determine equilibrium moisture contents as well as time of wetness in reed structures and might be applied also for further field testing and monitoring with reed, straw, or other organic fibrous materials.
The role of ubiquitin proteasomal system and autophagy-lysosome pathway in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Chen Xu , Zhao Yanfang , Ponnusamy Murugavel , Liu Ying
Published: July 2017

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia in the elderly population. AD is associated with the buildup of β-amyloid and tau, which aggregate into extracellular plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the exact mechanism of pathological process of AD is unclear, the dysfunction of protein degradation mechanisms has been proposed to play an important role in AD. The cellular degradation of abnormal or misfolded proteins consists of three different mechanisms: the ubiquitin proteasomal system (UPS), autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP), and interaction of molecular chaperones with UPS or ALP. Any disturbance to these systems causes proteins to accumulate, resulting in pathological process of AD. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of protein degradation pathways in the pathogenesis of AD in light of the current literature. In the future, the regulation UPS or ALP machineries could be the cornerstones of the treatment of AD.
Towards a dynamic model of the sign
Authors: Ding Ersu
Published: July 2017

This paper argues that a linguistic or any other type of sign should not be viewed as a static unit in a synchronic system, but rather as a dynamic entity that appears in real communicative events. As discrete entries in a dictionary, words are given definitions as their meanings, but these definitions may lead to interpretations that have not been sanctioned by a language community and yet are totally reasonable and understandable. In this way, “old” words can be used to stand for “new” segments of our life experience through which some meanings are born and others modified. It is through our inferential use of this living sign that we keep adapting to an ever expanding world.
On Certain Stationarity Tests for Hydrologic Series
Authors: Rutkowska Agnieszka , Ptak Marek
Published: July 2017

The main aim of the article was application of some statistical tests for investigation of weak stationarity of hydrologic time series. The tests were applied to mean monthly flow and maximum annual flow on three rivers: two Polish and one American river. Firstly, the modified Mann–Kendall test for autocorrelated data was used to detect trend. After detrending we used “unit root tests” based on the DF test and “stationarity tests” based on the KPSS test. The tests were investigated and compared in some aspects: analysis of residuals, application to seasonal series, AIC and Schwarz values.
Untersuchung analytischer und numerischer Modelle zur anwendungsspezifischen Dimensionierung eines Amplified Piezo Actuators
Authors: Löffler Michael , Weiß Manuel , Wiesgickl Thomas , Rupitsch Stefan J.
Published: July 2017

Ein Amplified Piezo Actuator besteht aus einem piezoelektrischen Stapelaktor und einem metallischen Festkörpergelenkrahmen. Durch diese Kombination ist trotz geringer mechanischer Auslenkungen des Stapelaktors ein für viele Anwendungen nötiger, größerer Stellweg realisierbar. Gleichzeitig können die Vorteile des piezoelektrischen Wandlerprinzips wie hohe Präzision, hohe Eigenfrequenz und hohe Blockierkraft beibehalten werden. Für den Entwurf eines solchen Amplified Piezo Actuators können sowohl analytische Modelle als auch numerische Simulationen hinzugezogen werden. In dieser Arbeit werden ausgewählte analytische Modelle hergeleitet und hinsichtlich eines konkreten Anwendungsbeispiels angepasst. Dies beinhaltet eine rein geometrische Betrachtung, die Beschreibung des mechanischen Aktorverhaltens durch ein elastostatisches sowie ein nachgiebigkeitsbasiertes Modell. Zudem werden Parameterstudien mithilfe entsprechender numerischer Simulationen durchgeführt. Die aus den Simulationsergebnissen gezogenen Schlüsse fließen in die Fertigung von fünf Festkörpergelenkrahmen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften ein. Die Validierung der analytischen und numerischen Modelle anhand durchgeführter Messungen an den gefertigten Aufbauten runden den Beitrag ab.
Effects of a Tapering Period on Physical Condition in Soccer Players
Authors: Beltran-Valls M. Reyes , Camarero-López Guillermo , Beltran-garrido José V. , Cecilia-Gallego Pau
Published: July 2017

Beltran-Valls, MR, Camarero-López, G, Beltran-Garrido, JV, and Cecilia-Gallego, P. Effects of a tapering period on physical condition in soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1086–1092, 2020—The aim of this research was to analyze the effects of a 2-week step tapering period on lower-limb muscle power, change of direction (COD) and acceleration capacities, and on the stress-recovery state in an amateur soccer team. Twenty-two male players were included in the study. After a 6-week progressive training, the sample was divided into experimental group (EG) (n = 11), which did a 2-week period of taper in which training volume was 50% reduced (intensity was kept high) and control group (CG) (n = 11), which kept on with the training. Muscle power (countermovement jump test), acceleration (10-m sprint test), COD (Illinois test), and stress and recovery perceptions (RESTQ questionnaire) were evaluated before training, at the end of it (pretapering, PRE-TP) and after the tapering period (posttapering, POST-TP). After the taper, the EG in comparison with the CG showed significantly improved power (1,029.71 ± 108.51 W·kg−1 vs. 1,084.21 ± 110.87 W·kg−1; p ≤ 0.01), acceleration (1.72 ± 0.09 seconds vs. 1.67 ± 0.07 seconds; p ≤ 0.05), and lower stress levels (1.9 ± 0.5 vs. 1.6 ± 0.5; p ≤ 0.01) (PRE-TP vs. POST-TP, respectively). Change of direction did not show significant changes. In conclusion, a 2-week step tapering program was found to be an effective periodization strategy to increase muscle power and acceleration, and to reduce stress perception in soccer amateur players.
Lights! Race! Gender! Adrian Piper and the Pseudorationality of Data
Authors: Eng Michael
Published: July 2017

This article engages with the work of Adrian Piper in order to explore relationships among visuality, data, race, and gender. It specifically pairs Piper's multimedia installation Cornered (1988) with her conception of pseudorationality, which she develops in her philosophical work on Immanuel Kant, and brings this pairing to bear on current discussions in software and critical algorithm studies. Cornered's exposure of the pseudorationality of racist perception and its visual grammar contributes to our understanding of the racist and gendered conditions of data's appearance, particularly in terms of data's reliance on the visual. Ultimately, I argue, Piper's work provokes us to call into question the stability of “data” itself.
What Is Your Mother's Maiden Name?
Authors: Ruberg Bonnie
Published: July 2017

The history of online security questions demonstrates how hegemonic beliefs about gender and sexuality have come to dictate the terms of “authentic” selfhood in contemporary digital spaces. Best known for their role in web-based information management, security questions have a history in North America that stretches back more than a hundred and fifty years—from Irish immigrant banking in New York in the mid-nineteenth century, to the rise of personal computing in the 1970s and 1980s, to today. Across this history, security questions have been structured around heteronormative expectations about users’ lives and relationships. This is nowhere more evident than in the canonical security question, “What is your mother's maiden name?” To trace the evolution of the security question, this article surveys industry writings on authentication protocols from the 1850s to the present. It argues for a reevaluation of the often-unquestioned logics that perpetuate discrimination through technologies of data.
Socio-geografska preobrazba otoka Ista
Authors: Čuka Anica , Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

Ist Island is one of the small inhabited Croatian islands (9.65 km2) which experienced strong socio-geographic transformation in the second half of the 20th century. Statistical data about the number of population, different demographic structures, dwellings from different censuses and data about land use in 1900, 1951 and 2003 are analysed in the paper. The comparison of these data helps to reconstruct the processes of deruralization and deagrarisation. It is obvious that today Ist Island is among islands with strong economic regress despite suitable natural-geographic basis for further development of tourism as the most perspective economic sector. The development of agriculture is limited because of the small share of arable land.
Izvješća sa znanstvenih skupova
Authors: Magaš Damir , Lončarić Robert , Surić Maša , Mirošević Lena
Published: July 2017

Od 30. ožujka do 2. travnja 2008. održana je u Barceloni (Španjolska, Katalonija) IV. Međunarodna barcelonska konferencija o visokom školstvu (4th International Barcelona Conference on Higher Education) u organizaciji Svjetske sveučilišne mreže za inovacije (Global University Network for Innovation – GUNI). ...
Prikazi knjiga
Authors: Lončarić Robert , Faričić Josip , Graovac Vera , Brkić-Vejmelka Jadranka , Buzjak Nenad
Published: July 2017

Prikazi knjiga objavljenih u časopisu Goeoadria 2005. godine.
Mikroklima kao komponenta geoekološkog vrjednovanja spilja - primjer Spilje u Belejskoj komunadi (Belej, otok Cres)
Authors: Buzjak Nenad
Published: July 2017

Microclimate research of the Cave in Belejska komunada was conducted in the period from 1 February to 19 August 2007. In the analysis of temperature and air humidity measurement data recorded by electronic thermohygrograph were used. Measurement points were installed in the vicinity of the entrance and at the bottom of the cave. The research was carried out as a component of the geoecological evaluation of the cave for the purpose of planning its tourist use. The measurement was conducted during the warm part of the year when the majority of tourists would visit, therefore the period was particularly interesting since the cave visitors have an impact on changes in microclimatic parameters.
Varijabilnost padalina na području Hrvatske s maritimnim pluviometrijskim režimom
Authors: Maradin Mladen
Published: July 2017

Rad se bavi varijabilnošću padalina u dijelu Hrvatske s maritimnim pluviometrijskim režimom. Varijabilnost padalina analizirana je korištenjem godišnjih i mjesečnih vrijednosti srednje relativne varijabilnosti za 18 postaja od 1950. do 2007. godine. Utvrđeno je da godišnja varijabilnost padalina ima relativno veliki raspon – najveću varijabilnost padalina ima postaja Lastovo, a najmanju postaja Parg. U godišnjem hodu varijabilnosti padalina glavni maksimum varijabilnosti je na području sjevernog Jadrana u listopadu, dok se prema jugu maksimum varijabilnost javlja u ljetnim mjesecima – srpnju ili kolovozu. Glavni minimum varijabilnosti u većini postaja s maritimnim pluviometrijskim režimom javlja se u travnju, osim na postajama srednjeg Jadrana, gdje se javlja u studenom. Najmanju varijabilnost padalina ima područje Gorske Hrvatske u gotovo svim mjesecima. Najveće vrijednosti varijabilnosti padalina javljaju se ljeti na području južnog Jadrana. U gotovo svim mjesecima varijabilnost padalina na području Kvarnera je relativno viša u odnosu varijabilnost padalina okolnih postaja.
Primjena odabranih abiotičko-ekoloških indikatora ekološki održivog turizma na primjeru unutrašnje Istre
Authors: Vojnović Nikola
Published: July 2017

Cilj ovoga rada je analizom abiotičko-ekoloških indikatora istražiti ekološku održivost turizma na prostoru unutrašnje Istre koju čine 24 općine i grada. Poštujući kriterije dostupnosti, pouzdanosti, prediktivnosti, jasnoće i izvodljivosti odabrano je pet kvantitativnih indikatora. Prvim indikatorom zaštićena priroda utvrđen je najveći udjel prirode pod zaštitom u površini općine Lupoglav. Indikatorima ukupna potrošnje vode turista i maksimalna moguća potrošnja vode u turizmu potvrđeni su niski udjeli turističke potrošnje pitke vode u svim općinama i gradovima unutrašnje Istre. Analiza četvrtog indikatora udjel smještajnih turističkih kapaciteta s priključkom na kanalizacijsku mrežu pokazala je da 10 općina i gradova imaju takve objekte na svojem teritoriju. Petim indikatorom analizirana su naselja sa smještajnim objektima i njihova pokrivenost reciklažnim otocima za selektivno zbrinjavanje komunalnog otpada te je utvrđeno da dio naselja u 12 općina i gradova imaju takav način zbrinjavanja. Potpunu pokrivenost imaju smještajni objekti na prostoru općine Grožnjan. Kvantitativni indikatori potvrđeni su kvalitativnim indikatorom ostvarenim kroz problemski usmjerene intervjue sa stručnim osobama iz istarskih vodovoda i komunalnih poduzeća te terenskim istraživanjem. Zaključak proistekao iz tih intervjua je da je turizam u začecima razvoja koji ne remeti redovitu opskrbu vodom i zbrinjavanje otpada. Rezultati istraživanja potvrdili su hipotezu prema kojoj je unutrašnja Istra regija ekološki održivog turizma čija turistifikacija ne ugrožava zaštićenu prirodu, vodne resurse i vodoopskrbu te zbrinjavanje otpadnih voda i komunalnog otpada.
Osnovni demografski procesi na Kvarnerskim otocima od 1991. do 2011. godine
Authors: Lajić Ivan , Mišetić Roko
Published: July 2017

U radu se razmatraju osnovni demografski procesi na Kvarnerskim otocima u posljednjih 20 godina. Rezultati popisa stanovništva u tom razdoblju pokazuju stalni rast broja stanovnika na Kvarnerskim otocima te ovaj prostor promoviraju u jednu od vitalnijih podregija Primorsko-goranske županije. Rezultati analize pokazuju da je za ove pozitivne demografske pokazatelje zaslužna mehanička komponenta ukupnog kretanja stanovništva, odnosno useljavanje, koje je uspjelo nadjačati negativno prirodno kretanje. Dakako, to je rezultiralo činjenicom da kretanje stanovništva Kvarnerskih otoka od 1991. do 2011. godine pripada tipu "regeneracija imigracijom". No kako se pojačano useljavanje nije odrazilo na ublažavanje negativnoga prirodnog kretanja, za pretpostaviti je da u useljeničkom kontingentu dominira "fiktivno" stanovništvo. Ovoj pretpostavci ide u prilog i usporedba indeksa popisne promjene 2011./2001. i tipa indeksa demografskih resursa 2001. godine.
Prema nekim novim metodama u nastavi geografije
Authors: Brkić - Vejmelka Jadranka
Published: July 2017

The paper deals with the possibilities of applying the existing international projects in which many students and teachers could participate. It was taken into consideration as a pottentially new method of teaching geography suitable for all ages and grades. The presentation of such two programmes is trying to assure participants and non-participants of the value of such attempts in the new way of education.
Generalizacija linija i AutoCAD Map
Authors: Vučetić Nada , Lapaine Miljenko
Published: July 2017

The paper offers the results of original research made on the application of AutoCADMap in line generalisation. The differences and similarities have been found out between theDouglas-Peucker method and the method of line simplification that is incorporated inAutoCAD Map. There have been also the inaccuracies found out in AutoCAD Map manualrelating to the issues of buffer width and tolerance, and the line width before and aftersimplification. The paper gives recommendations about pseudo nodes dissolving. It has beennoticed that AutoCAD Map simplification method is not independent of the order of points.The application of the method is illustrated by an example of coastal line of Istria.
Elafitsko otočje - fizičko-geografska obilježja u funkciji društveno-gospodarskog razvitka
Authors: Magaš Damir , Faričić Josip , Surić Maša
Published: July 2017

The paper contains essential interaction determinants of the spatial position and naturalgeographical bases with the development of Elafiti islands in the past and nowadays. Coveringan area of about 27 km2 and with 873 inhabitants (after preliminary result of 2001 census)they form a small separated group in the southernmost part of the Croatian islands belonging to the Dubrovnik archipelago. Special consideration is given to the characteristics of theirgeological origin and structure, to geomorphological features, climatovegetationalcharacteristics and influence of soils. Sporadic water appearances were essential for thepreservation and continuity of life and economic development. In these times the water supplyproblem has been solved by conveying water from land. The authors point out the importanceof physicogeographical components in historiogeographical development and also thenecessity of valuing them in the modern socioeconomic development conditions.
Određivanje novih pliocenskih, pleistocenskih i holocenskih litostratigrafskih jedinica u hrvatskom dijelu Jadrana (priobalju)
Authors: Malvić Tomislav , Velić Josipa , Cvetković Marko , Vekić Marko , Šapina Marijan
Published: July 2017

U radu je prikazano istraživanje u podmorju sjevernog Jadrana i priobalja južne Dalmacije unutar naslaga pliocena, pleistocena i holocena. Njime su opisane postojeće litostratigrafske jedinice u taložinama rijeke Po u Hrvatskoj i određene takve jedinice u prostoru taloženja rijeke Neretve. Oba taložna prostora bila su pod utjecajem promjena razina mora, posebice tijekom kvartara, što se znatno odrazilo u smanjivanju dubine mora i povećanju površine kopna tijekom oledaba, posebice u sjevernom Jadranu. U hrvatskom dijelu Padske depresije navedene su dvije formacije – Istra (pliocen) i Ivana (pleistocen, holocen). U formaciji Ivana opisana su tri člana, poimence Anamarija, Katarina i Izabela. Dalje prema jugu, u priobalju južne Dalmacije, imenovana je nova formacija Neretvanski kanal (za taložine pliocena, pleistocena i holocena). Ona je zatim podijeljena u pijeske Neretva (koji mogu biti ekvivalent i cijele formacije) te član Malostonski zaljev (kvartarne starosti). Isključivo pliocenski tipski litotip nije opisan.
Hrvatsko-slovenska granica: pozadina određivanja i mijenjanja granica u Istri s obzirom na suvremene granične probleme
Authors: Josipovič Damir
Published: July 2017

Određivanje granica u Istri je stari pothvat. Ustvari, nije prestao čak ni danas. U posljednjih nekoliko stoljeća granice na istarskom poluotoku doživjele su značajne promjene (posebice nakon propasti Mletačke Republike 1797. godine). No Istra je također zbog prijepora oko teritorija Trsta nadaleko poznata kao jedno od problematičnijih graničnih područja u Europi u poslijeratnom razdoblju. Prema mišljenju autora, ovaj problem je jedan od četiriju glavnih suvremenih graničnih problema između Slovenije i Hrvatske. Ostala tri su Kozlerova granica oko rijeke Dragonje (Rokave), nejasni pojmovi u austrijskim popisima u Istri, te priče o partizanskim naseljima pod vojnom upravom. No postoje i drugi važni aspekti koji su značajno utjecali na razvoj ovoga spora, ali u ovom radu pozornost će biti usmjerena na prije navedene probleme. U skladu s time analiziraju se učinci ishoda spora oko tršćanskog teritorija i njihov utjecaj na suvremene granične probleme. Upozoravanjem na materijalne i psihološke učinke ovoga spora na suvremene bilateralne odnose te njegovom analizom također se otkriva pozadina nikad odgovorenog pitanja – zašto je lingvistička granica oko Rijeke Dragonje (Rokave) koju je predložio Kozler postala granica od nacionalnog značenja. Iako je danas navedena granica često osporavana, teško je očekivati da će obje strane odustati od granice koju je jednom odredio laik. Unatoč snažnim prijeporima u slovenskim javnim medijima vezanim uz pitanje treba li međudržavna granica biti na rijekama Mirni i Dragonji, u radu je utvrđeno da je izbor granice u dolini rijeke Dragonje zapravo slovenski. Argumenti se temelje na opsežnoj analizi kartografskih materijala, relevantne literature, dokumenata i statističkih podataka.
Objektivni i subjektivni pokazatelji u istraživanju koncepta kvalitete života
Authors: Slavuj Lana
Published: July 2017

U radu se raspravlja o objektivnim i subjektivnim mjerama (objektivni i subjektivni pokazatelji) proučavanja koncepta kvalitete života. Budući da je riječ o različitim mjerama sa svojim posebnostima, većim dijelom rada diskutira se zasebno o njihovu razvoju te metodološkim specifičnostima. Na kraju rada ističe se vrijednost njihove zajedničke primjene u istraživanjima. Naime obje vrste mjera imaju svoje prednosti i nedostatke, ali su konceptualno komplementarne. Kvaliteta života je kompleksan i slojevit konstrukt koji zahtijeva složene pristupe proučavanja. Istraživanja su potvrdila da zajednička primjena obje vrste pokazatelja znatno obogaćuje poznavanje kvalitete života stanovnika nekoga geografskog područja.
Hrvatske zračne luke u mreži europskih niskotarifnih kompanija
Authors: Gašparović Slaven , Jakovčić Martina , Vrbanc Mirela
Published: July 2017

Cilj rada je prikazati razvoj niskotarifnog zračnog prijevoza u Republici Hrvatskoj te položaj hrvatskih zračnih luka u mreži niskotarifnoga zračnog prijevoza u Europi. Podaci o frekvenciji linija između pojedinih zračnih luka i europskih luka analizirani su na temelju podataka dobivenih iz reda letenja. U svrhu analize trenda razvoja mreža i frekvencija, uspoređivani su podaci za 2006., 2008. i 2010. godinu. U posljednje četiri godine došlo je do znatnog porasta broja veza, no i dalje je primjetna znatna sezonalnost u frekvenciji letova.
Funkcija sjedišta županije i prometne veze kao čimbenici privlačnosti glavnih urbanih središta Hrvatske
Authors: Klarić Zoran
Published: July 2017

U radu se analiziraju promjene u radijusu utjecaja najvažnijih hrvatskih gradova u odnosu na stanje prije 1992. godine te se procjenjuje kako bi to moglo utjecati na eventualno mijenjanje teritorijalnog ustroja. Kao osobito važni procesi koji utječu na porast ili pad privlačnosti istaknuti su pad broja stanovnika većine gradova u posljednjih dvadesetak godina uz istodobno poboljšanje njihove prometne dostupnosti. Radi utvrđivanja privlačne snage gradova analizirane su promjene u teritorijalnom ustroju sudske vlasti, sustavu zdravstvene zaštite i visokog obrazovanja, a vodilo se računa i o nekim specifičnim pokazateljima kao što su prostorni raspored velikih trgovačkih centara i multipleks kina. Na temelju istraživanja zaključuje se da postojeći upravnoteritorijalni ustroj Hrvatske usprkos određenim nedostacima nije nužno radikalno mijenjati, već da je umjesto toga potrebno ustrojiti ekonomske i statističke regije bez upravnih ovlasti, posebice oko većih urbanih središta.
Razvoj geografskog i geopolitičkog položaja Hrvatske
Authors: Magaš Damir
Published: July 2017

Hrvatska s površinom od 56.538 km2 i 4,8 milijuna stanovnika je jedna od 22 novopriznate Europske zemlje. Smatra se najčešće da je to nova europska zemlja premda je kao neovisna država postojala još u ranom srednjem vijeku. Njen teritorijalni suverenitet ponovno je nedavno utvrđen zahvaljujući međunarodno priznatim granicama, uspješnom otporu hrvatskog naroda srpskoj agresiji, političkim i institucionalnim odnosima s međunarodnom zajednicom, hrvatskom dijasporom i bosansko hercegovačkom državom.Geografski položaj Hrvatske je značajan jer obuhvaća jedinstvenu zonu dodira Srednjeg Podunavlja i Središnjeg Sredozemlja. Upravo ovdje je reljefna prepreka između srednjepodunavskog bazena i sjevernog Jadrana najuža i najniža, omogućujući povezivanje Srednje i Istočne Europe sa Sredozemljem.Smještena između Zapadnoeuropskih zemalja Austrije, Slovenije, Italije i istočnoeuropskih, Mađarske, Jugoslavije i Bosne i Hercegovine, Hrvatska ima važnu geopolitičku i prometnu ulogu u Europi.
Prirodni resursi otoka Korčule
Authors: Krklec Kristina , Ljubenkov Igor , Bensa Aleksandra
Published: July 2017

U radu autori analiziraju geološke, geomorfološke, pedološke, klimatske, hidrološke i fitocenološke značajke otoka Korčule. Otok izgrađuju vapnenci i dolomiti kredne starosti, mjestimice prekriveni terra rossom i kvartarnim pijescima. Morfološki, reljef otoka Korčule obilježava izmjena uzvisina i polja te vrlo razvedena obala. Na otoku Korčuli nalazi se velik broj pedosustavnih jedinica (kalkokambisol, crvenica, koluvij, ocrveničena crnica, te rigolana tla polja i terasa). Otok obilježava Csa tip klime (mediteranska klima s blagim zimama te suhim i vrućim ljetima). Na otoku ne postoje površinski vodeni tokovi, a samo je jedan stalni izvor pitke vode malog kapaciteta. U vegetacijskom, odnosno bioklimatskom pogledu otok Korčula pripada mediteranskoj vegetacijskoj regiji. Na otoku se razlikuju dvije vegetacijske zone: stenomediteranska i eumediteranska. U otočnim uvjetima prirodni resursi su ograničeni, stoga njihova eksploatacija treba biti u skladu s održivim razvojem. U tom smislu predložene su smjernice budućeg razvoja otoka Korčule.