bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interpretive structural modelling: Hierarchical relationship model of appreciating diversity competency for educational leaders
Authors: Latiff Noraini Abdul , Ghani Muhammad Faizal A.
Published: March 2023

The dynamics of diversity and cultural competency are elements that run parallel with globalization. Appreciating diversity is part of global leadership competency. However, this assumption may not hold in a context in which multiculturalism diversity and competency are not an integral element for leadership competency for public sector educational leaders. Public organization should assimilate and practice appreciating diversity in the organizational leadership competency. Thus, the central aim of this study is to investigate and examine the appreciating diversity competency for educational leaders. The paper analyzed the appreciating competencies by using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) based on experts’ consensus. The cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis ascertained and classified each competency based on their driving and dependent power. The hierarchical model developed through ISM yielded seven appreciating competencies divided into two dimensions for educational leaders. The model proposed could be adopted by stakeholders to upgrade the competency of educational leaders to practice and apply appreciating diversity. The ISM model could be adopted for the training and development of future educational leaders in preparation to administer and lead multicultural and multigenerational organizational communities.
Impact of parental involvement on the communication skills of children with autism
Authors: Tenerife Janine Joy L. , Peteros Emerson De Luna , Bunghanoy Joseph L. , Pinili Lilibeth C. , De Vera John V. , Fulgencio Margie D.
Published: March 2023

In pursuit of every individual’s access to education regardless of one’s statusin life, the Philippines establishedspecial education(SPED) centers to caterto children with special needs.Children with autism are the expectedbeneficiaries of these centers. This research assessed the impact of parentalinvolvement on the communication skills of children with autism at a SPEDcenter in Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines. Their teachers, regardingtheircommunication skills, assessed thirty children with autism. At the sametime, parents were asked to rate their extent of involvement in their child’sschool activities using survey questionnaires. Different statistical tools wereused to treat the data gathered, such as the weighted mean, standarddeviation, andPearsonproduct moment correlation coefficient. Resultsrevealed that parents were involved in the school activities of their children.However, the children had a moderate manifestation of communicationskills. It was found that there is a moderate positive significant relationshipbetween the parents’involvement and the communication skills of thechildren. Thus, teachers are encouraged to design programs for the childrenthat would involvethe parents in enhancing the communication skills ofchildren with autism.
UNESCO building factors Thailand’s Kalasin learning city and citizenship
Authors: Kaewhanam Kathanyoo , Kaewhanam Phimlikid , Pongsiri Ariya , Intanin Jariya , Kamolkat Sirinada , Sirisuwan Atthapong , Purnomo Eko Priyo
Published: March 2023

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) promotes the city of learning and lifelong learning. The UNESCO factors influencing the construction of Kalasin Learning City in Thailand. This framework is applied in the study on Kalasin learning city. This research analyzes the relationship between citizenship and learning city from 500 Kalasin citizens, who responded to a questionnaire based on citizenship factors affecting the UNESCO city of learning. Where statistical analysis of average standard deviation and Multiple regression analysis of 10 others asked to participate in the interview found that it promoted learning from primary to higher education. Strong support for a lifelong learning culture. It has a statistically significant positive impact on citizenship (group level) at .05, so the factors that need to promote promotion to improve citizenship (group level) are the promotion of learning from primary to higher education. The interview results also supported data from the questionnaire. The results suggest that building Kalasin learning city requires a common factor. That states the implications of the findings and identifies possible new research fields as developing online participation processes under the COVID-19 pandemic to align with the online learning model, which is also a modern learning model.
Development and validation of Indonesian peace of mind scale: The Rasch analysis
Authors: Saputra Wahyu Nanda Eka , Hidayah Nur , Ramli Muhammad , Atmoko Adi
Published: March 2023

Every society dreams of true peace. To achieve true peace, humans need to start with inner peace. The importance of peace becomes one of the bases for developing a measure of peace for designing peace-building programs. This research answered the need for these measuring tools by developing and validating a peace measuring instrument called the Indonesian peace of mind scale (IPoMS). This instrument consists of seven items in two aspects: the internal state of peacefulness and harmony. This study used Rasch analysis to test the construct validity of IPoMS. The construct validity test involved 202 vocational high school students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data analysis using Win step software provides information about the quality of respondents and instruments, items that are easy and difficult for respondents to agree on, fit order items, and unidimensionality. The results of the application of Rasch analysis showed that IPoMS is good, precise, and have item conformity with the model. IPoMS is a reliable and valid measuring tool to measure students’ level of peace accurately. This research discussed the implications and recommendations for further research for the implementation of guidance and counseling containing the value of peace as a follow-up to the performance of IPoMS.
The effect of augmented reality mobile learning in microeconomic course
Authors: Ali Dayana Farzeeha , Johari Nusaila , Ahmad Aimi Ruzaini
Published: March 2023

Recently, there has been a surge of interest for students to use technology while engaging in their learning. Augmented reality is one of the technologies found suitable for use in the educational field, such as in science, mathematics, and engineering. However, it is not yet being explored in the Microeconomics course. Therefore, this study investigated the effectiveness of using augmented reality, namely Augmented Reality Mobile Learning in Microeconomic courses (ARMLAAPPS). This study used a quasi-experimental design, and two groups were involved: the control and experimental groups. They are undergoing teaching and learning sessions using ARMLAAPPS and conventional teaching methods. This study indicates that students in the experimental group showed a significantly higher visualization skills level than those in the control group after teaching and learning. Besides, this study also found that ARMLAAPPS can assist in highlighting student-centered learning, stimulating student interest and curiosity, increasing student cognitive, affective, and psychomotor processes, and increasing student involvement in the information-seeking process. Educators are suggested to use augmented reality in their teaching and learning since it has effectively enhanced students’ visualization skills and promoted a better understanding of knowledge.
Teacher solidity in the digital age and its effect on the effectiveness of primary school management
Authors: Lubis Mawardi , Amin Alfauzan , Alimni Alimni
Published: March 2023

Often an era affects a person’s lifestyle in attitude. The attitude of solidity in the digital age is questionable because of its role in the effectiveness of school management. Some other members still believe in contributing to its effectiveness. To overcome these confusions and doubts, research is needed to test whether solidity still plays a role in improving management effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of teacher solidity on the effectiveness of primary school management. Data were collected using quantitative methods. The data collection technique is to use questionnaires. The data were analyzed through Pearson product moments and t-tests. The results of the interpretation of research data showed that teacher solidity has a direct positive effect on the effectiveness of primary school management. The assessment of the results of the study emphasized that solidity cannot be ignored although it is still necessary to have the individual skills of teachers to face the digital age.
Central obesity, obesity, and physical activity among university staffs
Authors: Ranganathan Harikrishnan , Khaira Manjit Kaur , Raja Gopal Raja Lexshimi , Bhat Abid Hussain , Ahmad Nabilah , Bahari Siti Esah , Adam Dina , Harikrishnan Kamalambal
Published: March 2023

Waist circumference (WC) is considered as a superior indicator to predict central obesity and its related comorbidities. Limited studies were conducted to infer central obesity using WC among university staffs. A cross-sectional study through the convenience sampling method was employed using the short form international physical activity questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and WC measurement to infer a level of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and central obesity. Seventy staff from three private universities in Malaysia participated in this study. There is a high prevalence (78.6%) of central obesity among the participants irrespective of their age. Majority of the participants fall under the overweight (37.1%) and obese (21.4%) category of BMI 48.6% reported to be involved in low level of physical activity. No difference in prevalence of central obesity based on age, gender, and level of physical activity. There is a moderately strong correlation between BMI and WC. In this study notably a high prevalence of central obesity in participants with underweight and desirable weight category of BMI was reported, which synergizes the concept of including WC measurement in health promotion activities. Appropriate multi- component and multi-level interventions can be considered to this population to prevent/combat obesity.
An integrative review of Indonesia’s quality of care
Authors: Juanamasta I Gede , Aungsuroch Yupin , Fisher Mary L. , Gunawan Joko , Iblasi Abdulkareem S.
Published: March 2023

High-quality health care services would give good health outcomes to society. Nursing service is part of the quality-of-care process. The study aimed to investigate the quality of care in Indonesian hospitals over the last 20 years. The integrative review method was used, and 36 studies in Indonesia were analyzed, following the procedure: problem recognition, literature finding, data assessment, data review, and presentation of the results. Currently, the quality of care in Indonesia is low. The quality of care has increased over time in line with technology and science, and the factors which are related to quality have increased broader. Those factors are hospital management factors, nurse, and nursing organization the hospital management factors, including nurses staffing, environment, and job design. Nursing staffing factors are nursing shortage, workload, job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover. Meanwhile, work environment factors include supervision, empowerment, nurse-physician relationship, managerial, surveillance, and case management. Job design factors are nursing rounds, care delivery, competencies, training needs, roles, and documentation. Besides, personal factors are education, gender, ability/skills, and critical thinking. Therefore, the complicated factors related to nursing quality need further studies to explore whether they give significant results to improve quality of care.
Parent decision toward measles, mumps, rubella vaccination and its associated factors based on protective motivation theory
Authors: Kusuma Andiko Nugraha , Sansuwito Tukimin , Lusiani Milawati
Published: March 2023

Childhood vaccination provides direct protection through community immunity, while also contributing to population-level disease protection. The purpose of this study was to determine parents' decision on measles, mumps, rubela (MMR) vaccination and the factors that influence their decisions. This study used a cross-sectional study in a community setting in Banten, Indonesia. The protection motivation theory (PMT) scale incorporates interpersonal factors, prior experience, MMR information sources, threat appraisal, and coping appraisal. A multivariate logistic regression was utilized to determine the factors related with the parent's decision. A total of 220 people volunteered to participate in this study, of which 45.5% (n=100) accepted the MMR vaccine on time, 22.7% (n=50) accepted it late, and 31.8 % (n=70) received no MMR vaccine at all. Those who accept MMR vaccine on time were more likely to had secondary and below of education level, interpersonal characteristics, treat appraisal, coping appraisal, past experience, and MMR knowledge and sources than those who did not accept MMR vaccine. The present study, which employed Protection Motivation Theory, provided valuable insights into the factors that influence parents' intentions to adhere with the official MMR vaccine advice in a Banten region with a high measles prevalence.
Posttraumatic stress disorder among sexual harassment victims: the role of social support, resilience, and religious coping
Authors: Sujadi Eko , Meditamar Muhd Odha , Fadhli Muhammad , Ahmad Jafar , Bustami Yuserizal , Indra Syaiful
Published: March 2023

Female students are still at risk of experiencing sexual harassment, which can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study investigated the impact of social support on PTSD female students who have been sexually harassed, as mediated by the resilience and religious coping. Out of a total of 1,439 female students who filed online self-reports, 170 female students reported being sexually harassed by lecturers, male students, and administrative officers. The PTSD checklist–civilian version (PCL-C), Multidimensional scale of perceived social support, brief resilience scale, and brief religious coping scale (RCOPE) were used to collect data. Partial least squares (PLS) modeling was used to test the developed hypothesis. This study found that social support, resilience, and religious coping all had an impact on PTSD. Furthermore, social support has an indirect effect on PTSD through resilience and religious coping. Because resilience and coping are mediators in recovering PTSD and that both can be intervened and modified, a training program specifically designed to improve both is needed to overcome the PTSD symptoms experienced by sexual harassment victims.
An epidemiology study for tuberculosis in the Philippines from 1960 to 2019
Authors: Luga Angel Mae Frias , Cabanlit Kathleen Laum , Sidic Jamerah Baniaga , Morilla Ralf Benjo Goder , Demayo Chin-Chin Jimenea , Demayo Cesar Guinanao
Published: March 2023

Tuberculosis has long been a public health threat in the Philippines, however, there is still no recent trend study for this country’s morbidity and deaths from the said infectious disease. With that, an age-, sex-, and region-specific morbidity and mortality trend study for tuberculosis in the Philippines was conducted for these types of studies significantly help in the surveillance and control of diseases. Data from the Philippine Health Statistics from 1960 to 2019 was mined to assess the morbidity and mortality rates from tuberculosis in terms of age, sex, and regions, which were then visualized through graphs. The results revealed that the mortality rate trend for tuberculosis in the Philippines from 1960 to 2019 declined over time. Also, as for the sex-specific mortality rate trend, it was observed that males consistently had a higher death rate in comparison to females through the years. As for the age-specific mortality rates, it increased with age, showing the direct proportionality of age to the rate of deaths. Lastly, for the region-specific morbidity and mortality rates, it was observed that Region V (Bicol Region) has the highest morbidity rate. On the other hand, Region VI (Western Visayas) has the highest mortality rate from tuberculosis.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among Malaysians
Authors: Tan Yi-Fan , Leow Meng-Chew , Ong Lee-Yeng
Published: March 2023

Since the first declaration of the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, massive number of efforts have been taken to develop and deploy the COVID-19 vaccines. However, there might be hesitation towards the vaccines as there were reports of side effects. This study evaluates the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance of the Malaysian public via an online survey hosted in a COVID-19 vaccination acceptance roadshow event. This study gives an insight to the level of vaccination acceptance of the Malaysian public, while at the same time highlights the possible reasons that vaccination rejection may occur in perspectives that are specific to Malaysians. The overall vaccination acceptance of the Malaysian public is high, as most of them either prefer to get vaccinated or already been vaccinated. Most of them have good knowledge on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines and the importance of vaccination. However, the respondents may have differing opinions on their confidence level towards vaccines by specific manufacturers. These findings give an insight into the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance level of the Malaysian public and may possibly aid in effort for vaccination acceptance should there be any form of pandemic as severe as the COVID-19 pandemic occurring in the future.
Antidiabetic properties of analog rice from local raw materials: a systematic review
Authors: Lauwis Carolyn , Maringka Cherilyn Theophila , Julieta Fiona , Evangelista Paskalia , Marcellino Vincensius , Rukmini Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disease, where about 90% of Indonesians suffer from high white rice consumption. According to various reports, analog rice from many raw materials has benefits for T2DM. This review aimed to identify nutritional content that can be found in various local raw materials for T2DM. In addition, this review explained the antidiabetic effects and mechanisms of the nutritional content. PRISMA guidelines were utilized as the basis of this systematic review. Relevant and related studies were determined by databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Garuda. The identification process in those databases resulted in 284 articles, with only 56 articles included based on the final paper criteria. The primary keywords for the identification process include analog rice, T2DM, antidiabetic, glycemic index (GI), and fiber. Meanwhile, the secondary keywords are based on the review's local raw materials, such as purple yam, corn, banana, sorghum, and cassava. As a result, studies found nutritional compounds with antidiabetic properties inside analog rice made from different local raw materials. which each of them has different mechanisms to overcome T2DM. Therefore, the consumption of analog rice from purple yam, corn, banana, sorghum, and cassava has the potential to prevent T2DM.
Critical thinking and decision-making skills regarding reproductive health among pupils in Central Java
Authors: Widjanarko Bagoes , Indraswari Ratih , Handayani Novia , Kusumawati Aditya
Published: March 2023

Many teenagers are entangled in promiscuity which results in unwanted pregnancies, early marriages, or abortions. How a teenager decides something in their life is influenced by their previous experience and environment. This study aims to determine the critical thinking and decision-making skills of pre-adolescence children in terms of reproductive health. This research is a cross- sectional study conducted on 12,689 pupils in Semarang, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The proportion of respondents based on sex and grade is quite balanced. As many as 49% of the pupils lack knowledge and a permissive attitude (52.5%) about reproductive health. Of 50% of pupils have low critical thinking skills and only 61.4% have good decision-making skills. Girls have better critical thinking skills than boys (p=0.004). Knowledge affects critical thinking and decision-making skills in pupils (OR=1.2). Pupils who can think critically tend to have good decision-making skills (p<0.001, OR=5.1). Decision-making skills in children are influenced by critical thinking skills. Both are influenced by knowledge. The health and education offices need to collaborate to increase pupils’ health and reproductive knowledge.
Prevalence and determinants of depression among community- dwelling older adults with chronic diseases
Authors: Mulud Zamzaliza Abdul , Mohamad Norfidah
Published: March 2023

The older population continues to grow globally, and data related to the prevalence of depressive symptoms among this population in Malaysia is scarce. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and determinants of depression symptoms among community-dwelling older adults in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 outpatients with chronic diseases. The level of depression was operationalized using the Malay version of the Geriatric Depression Scale. The prevalence of depression among community-dwelling older adults was 16.4%. Female (OR =8.86, 95% CI=1.10–7.53, p=0.03), Chinese ethnic group (OR=4.73, 95% CI= 1.04– 21.48, p=0.04), multimorbidity (OR=3.36, 95% CI=1.07–12.60, p=0.04) and presence of pain (OR=6.67, 95% CI=2.41–18.45, p<0.01) were associated to depressive symptoms. However, higher resilience was associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms in this population (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.88–0.93, p<0.01). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults with chronic diseases is higher than in previous data. Early identification of depression in this population is crucial for effective chronic disease management.
The effect of mobile learning application in enhancing students’ knowledge of caring sepsis patients
Authors: Sari Efris Kartika , Sari Dewi Purnama
Published: March 2023

Sepsis is one of the major causes of death in hospitalized worldwide, but there are many nurses who have insufficient knowledge about sepsis. The use of mobile phones as learning devices potentially improves knowledge in nursing education in the pre-clinical stage. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of mobile learning application in improving nursing students’ knowledge about sepsis and its nursing care. This research was a pre-experimental study with the one-group pretest-posttest design. The study involved 57 students in the Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University. Their knowledge levels were measured before and after they used mobile learning applications. The nursing students’ age was 19-24 years old; 93% were female; 82% of students had received information about sepsis from course materials and the internet, and 65% were currently studying the Nursing Profession Program. The median value of the interquartile range pretest was 40+20, and 70+30 for the posttest. The statistical test showed a significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05); there were significant differences in students’ knowledge levels before and after using the mobile learning application. Using the mobile learning application can effectively enhance nursing students’ understanding of sepsis care.
Evaluation of cerebrovascular disease risk with carotid ultrasonography imaging in artificial intelligence framework
Authors: Danuaji Rivan , Subandi Subandi , Putra Stefanus Erdana , Hafizhan Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Carotid plaque is a biomarker of generalized atherosclerosis, and may predict ischemic stroke. Carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) measurement with ultrasonography imaging could capture the condition of carotid plaque. However, manual measurement of C-IMT is observer- dependent, resulting in observer bias and low reproducibility. In this study, we develop artificial intelligence (AI) framework that could automatically measure the C-IMT, and compared it with C-IMT measured by board of expert. This is a retrospective study done in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia. Carotid B-mode ultrasonography images were measured by panel of expert and by AI. After annotation process on Neurabot platform, AI could detect region of interest (ROI), and would do segmentation on the area to measure C-IMT autonomously. Dependent T-test was used to evaluate validity, and Cronbach’s alpha was used to find the reliability of C-IMT measured by panel of expert and AI. There was strong correlation (r=0.874; p=0.014) on dependent t-test for C-IMT measured by AI with C-IMT measured by board of expert. The internal consistency reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) were 0.938 and 0.909, for pretest and posttest, respectively. We also analyzed the test-retest reliability by comparing pretest and posttest score with dependent t-test, and we observed strong correlation with r=0.871 (p=0.000). AI developed on Neurabot platform are valid and reliable to measure C-IMT.
Detection and prediction of monkey pox disease by enhanced convolutional neural network approach
Authors: Mazhar Hussain Shaik , Ghouse Syed
Published: March 2023

Monkeypox is an infectious viral disease affecting both humans and animals. All symptoms are accompanied by a fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that blisters before crusting. The interval between exposure and the development of symptoms is 5 to 21 days. Typically, symptoms last between two and four weeks. Although it is unknown to what degree it can happen without any signs. It has been found that not all outbreaks display the typical symptoms of fever, aches in the muscles, enlarged glands, and lesions appearing simultaneously. Cases may be severe, especially in children, pregnant women, or people with compromised immune systems. The problem can be detected and monitored at the early stages using some engineering solutions. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop accurate machine learning models for accurate interpretation before applying them in clinical trials. Hence, the proposed work has developed a model to diagnose monkey pox at the best accurate levels for accurate interpretation. The proposed enhanced convolutional neural network model is compared with the exisiting approaches. The obtained results were compared and indicate the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Determinants and barriers of prehospital emergency medical services utilization among general critical emergency patients in Thailand
Authors: Poomsaidorn Songsak , Sornlom Kittipong , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Mahato Roshan Kumar , Thanomsieng Nikom , Charoencheewakul Chatree
Published: March 2023

This cross-sectional study identified the determinants and barriers of pre- hospital emergency medical services (EMS) utilization among general critical emergency patients in Thailand, using the data of general critical emergency patients (red zone) from the information technology for emergency medical system (ITEMS) of the National Emergency Medical Service Institute. The sample of 889 critical emergency patients was selected through multistage random sampling method. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. The findings indicated that 41.51% of general critical emergency patients used EMS through the EMS rescue hotline system of the National Institute of Emergency Medicine in which most of them were diabetic patients (24.75%). The determinants relating to EMS utilization of general critical emergency patients consisted of level of knowledge on EMS system (AdjOR: 5.77; 95%CI: 2.8-11.87), confidence in the safety of service utilization (AdjOR: 5.04; 95%CI: 3.65-6.98), recognition in service and severity of illness (AdjOR: 3.22; 95%CI: 2.17-4.76), service adequacy (AdjOR: 1.92; 95%CI: 1.41-2.63), educational background (AdjOR:1.69; 95%CI: 1.13-2.53), and service satisfaction (AdjOR: 1.14; 95%CI: 1.07-1.21). Nearly half of the people were utilizing the EMS services in Thailand. However, required level of knowledge on EMS, confidence on safety on service utilization, service adequacy as well as patient’s educational background had tremendous role on the proper utilization of EMS.
Effect of emotional freedom techniques on anxiety, depression and insomnia among COVID-19 patients
Authors: Tambunan Marcelina Boru , Suwarni Linda , Selviana Selviana
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a massive impact on various aspects, including mental health, especially for people confirmed positive for COVID-19. People who are positively confirmed for COVID-19 tend to experience decreased immunity caused by feelings of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. emotional freedom technology (EFT) therapy has been proven to reduce mental health disorders but has never been applied to people who are positively confirmed for COVID-19. This study aimed to examine the effect of EFT therapy on mental health disorders (anxiety, depression, and insomnia) in COVID-19 patients in Pontianak City. This research method is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design in the COVID-19 isolation area provided by the Pontianak City government, namely Upelkes and Rusunawa in June 2021. The total sampling was employed consisting of 42 people. A validated questionnaire on anxiety, depression, and insomnia was employed as a research instrument. A repeated ANOVA test was used to analyze research data. The results showed that EFT therapy was effective in reducing anxiety, depression, and insomnia scores in positively confirmed people for COVID-19 (p-value <0.05). EFT therapy can overcome mental health disorders experienced by people who are positively confirmed for COVID-19 and as an alternative therapy to speed up the healing process.
Psychological health of Indian youth during COVID-19: a study through three chronological surveys
Authors: Goyal Babita , Sabharwal Alka , Chauhan Vibha , Joshi Lalit Mohan
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic and its aftereffects have affected human lives psychologically, economically, and socially. The study examines the dynamics of mental health problems faced by young adults and the consequent effects on their daily lives during the pandemic period. Three surveys were conducted among colleges/universities going students in India during the time periods May-June 2020, October 2020-February 2021, and January-February 2022; using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) 17+ self-reported extended version. Through 1,021, 743, and 932 responses in the three surveys respectively, the effect of the pandemic on the mental health (characterized by behavioral problems and social dysfunction) of respondents, categorized on basis of demographic variables and ‘COVID-19’ status was studied. Females were found to be more ‘distressed’ than during this period. There was no effect of age and family income. The 45% of the respondents in the Non-COVID group and 48% in the COVID-19 group had severe distress. With the passing of time, both the number of problem areas and the severity of problems faced by young adults increased thus affecting their day-to-day activities. The proportions of the respondents in borderline and abnormal categories were much higher both for difficulty and the impact scores of SDQ than the standard proportions.
Shared decision-making for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease smoking cessation
Authors: Tsai Yen-Ping , Wu Jiin-Torng , Chiu Ming-Huang , Wei Fang-Chun
Published: March 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the main cause of death among people aged 65 years and above. Smoking cessation reduces the risk of morbidity and mortality. This study used the variables of smoking cessation behavior and psychological dependence to evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation shared decision-making (SDM) with traditional smoking cessation education in patients with COPD. This randomized controlled trial represents a significant positive correlation was observed among smoking duration (p<.05), the number of cigarettes (p<.05), smoking cessation behavior (p<.05), and psychological cigarette dependence. The intervention group (n=44) underwent session of smoking cessation SDM, whereas the control group (n=44) underwent session of traditional smoking cessation education. After three months of the intervention, significant improvements in psychological cigarette dependence (p<.05) and smoking cessation behavior (p<.05) were observed in both groups. The study confirmed that the success rate of smoking cessation in the intervention group is higher than the control group.
Knowledge, attitude and behavior on utilizing suboptimal food related public health
Authors: Astria Waode Dea , Herdiansyah Herdis , Tumuyu Sri Setiawati
Published: March 2023

Offering food products at lower prices approaching the expiration date, referred to as suboptimal food products, is considered to be able to encourage purchasing considerations by the public. It is based on knowledge of purchasing price-reduced food products by the public and the potential waste in the community focused. The study aimed to contribute to the evaluation of whether offering suboptimal foods at a lower price will reduce food waste in the supply chain. This study analyzes public knowledge, attitudes, and behavior toward suboptimal product price offers in retail stores. The research was conducted in three retail stores in Depok City by exploring research questions involving 274 retail store customers who were analyzed based on a questionnaire. The approach used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear analysis methods using SPSS software. The findings show that public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors influence suboptimal product price offers in retail stores. This research is expected to be an effective solution to overcome excess food, which leads to food waste at the retail level in sustainable food management.
Did national holidays accelerate COVID-19 diffusion during the first phase of the pandemic in Bangladesh?
Authors: Khan Mohammad Radid , Mottakin Sayem , Kabir Md. Ahsan , Hoque Md. Enamul , Amin Mohammad Ruhul , Rashid Md. Harunur , Islam Md. Shariful
Published: March 2023

Bangladesh registered 20,117,32 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and the death toll crossed the grim milestone of 29,323 across the country as of August 31st, 2022. Despite the enforcement of stringent COVID-19 measures, the country witnessed an accelerated diffusion of coronavirus cases during the national events, inclusive of short festivals, in 2020. The present study aims to examine the association between these national holidays and the COVID-19 trasmission rate in Bangladesh. We employed a mathematical model and calculated the instantaneous reproduction number, Rt, of the 64 districts in Bangladesh to check the dynamics of COVID-19 diffusion. The comprehensive analysis shows a notable escalation of Rt value and thus the enhanced transmission rate in Dhaka and in all industrialized cities during the major events such as, garments reopening and religious holidays in Bangladesh. We further showcase the COVID-19 diffusion explicitly in Dhaka Division at the first phase of the pandemic in Bangladesh. Based on our analysis, a set of measures, including restricted public mobility and the celebration of festivals, alongside improving the public’s awareness of the situation, has been recommended to evade the future pandemic risks while running the national festival activities in Bangladesh.
Delphi study to develop maternal depression training materials for cadres
Authors: Surjaningrum Endang Retno , Leonardi Tino , Andriani Fitri , Sosialita Tiara Diah , Yudanagara Bani Bacan Hacantya , Mujahadah Husnul
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to obtain themes and constructs to develop modules and training curricula for cadres for the detection of depression in pregnant and breastfeeding mothers in Surabaya, Indonesia. The Delphi method through three stages was applied: i) searching for academic and non-academic references; ii) compiling themes and constructs based on the findings of the first phase and distributing them to expert panel; and iii) concluding a consensus according to the guidelines. The panel approved two training objectives, five training materials, six training methods, two training time, two training duration, two training evaluation method, and six trainer qualifications. The findings can be the basis for developing modules and curricula to detect maternal depression in pregnant and breastfeeding women for cadres in Indonesia.
Social media and pornography access behavior among adolescents
Authors: Meilani Niken , Hariadi Sunarru Samsi , Haryadi Fransiskus Trisakti
Published: March 2023

Adolescents were vulnerable to problems related to reproductive health. Generation Z was the largest proportion in Indonesia who was born with internet and technology literacy. Internet and social media were meaningful for them. In 2018, 57% of adolescents worldwide search out porn using the internet. This study’s goal was to analyze pornography access among males and female’s adolescent. This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was high school students in Yogyakarta. A multistage random sampling was employed, involving 80 respondents. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, and logistic regression. The results showed that all the respondents had smartphones and accessed media social. WhatsApp, Instagram, and YouTube were the most accessed. Most of them (57.5%) had access to pornography through films, short videos, and also pictures. Multivariate analysis showed that male adolescents (Exp B=13.7) had a greater risk of accessing pornography compared to females. Access to more than 4 types of social media also increases access to pornography (Exp B=6.8). Adolescence needs more information, and also guidance from family, school also community related to their use of smartphones and social media to prevent access to pornography as the opening gate for sexual risk behavior.
Adaptation and validation of the telepharmacy service adoption behavior questionnaire during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis
Authors: Sulistyaningrum Indriyati Hadi , Pribadi Prasojo , Sari Seftika
Published: March 2023

Telepharmacy is an online application used to provide pharmaceutical services in the modern era. Therefore, this study aims to develop a questionnaire on a research model that integrates three well-known theories, namely the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), the protection motivation theory (PMT), and the DeLone and McLean information success model, to determine factors that influence people’s behavior towards the adoption of telepharmacy services. A cross-sectional observational method was used with the purposive sampling technique. A total of 118 participants who were at least 18 years old received the questionnaire. They were selected using convenience sampling from a variety of population groupings. Data analysis was then performed with the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Factor extraction was carried out using principal component analysis and varimax rotation. The results show 8 factors consisting of social influence and support 15.54%; understanding of proficiency, confidence and quality of information 11.06%; condition of facilities and skills 6.64%; severity and suffering 7.87%; time opportunity support and system quality 7.74%; intention to adopt telepharmacy 7.34%; perceived vulnerability 6.80%; and attitude 6.37%. Furthermore, the overall construct formed can explain 72.40% of the total variance. These results indicate that the telepharmacy service adoption behavior questionnaire is valid and reliable.
Smartphone addiction reduction: effectiveness of print and social media education
Authors: Shen Robert , Rukmini Elisabeth
Published: March 2023

Smartphone usage dependency in daily activities also causes vulnerability to addiction and its effects on health, especially the increment during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the switching activities to online. Research on the prevention and treatment to overcome smartphone addiction is still relatively limited. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of educational media programs using social-media compared to printed-media in reducing smartphone addiction levels. Changes in interpersonal-relationship and self- esteem as a related mediator and affected negative impacts of smartphone addiction were also investigated. Media effectivity was assessed by the decrease of users’ addiction level, and affected interpersonal-relationship and self-esteem. A three-wave cross-sectional series conducted on 54 subjects, divided into two groups were given the routine printed or social-media educational program for a month. Results from comparative analysis showed printed-media is more effective than social-media in reducing smartphone addiction; both are statistically significant (p=0.000). It shows that health education has a role in smartphone addiction prevention, but choosing the right and most effective media for specific populations is necessary. Both groups increased interpersonal-relationship, but self-esteem rose only in the printed-media group. Interpersonal-relationship tended to increase, while self- esteem varied from person to person, showing the addiction level might affect mental-behavioral health but still need further analysis of other influencing confounding factors.
Preterm birth risk in mother with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Arfandi Muh. Amri , Ansariadi Ansariadi , Amiruddin Ridwan , Wahiduddin Wahiduddin , Salmah Andi Ummu , Salam Abdul
Published: March 2023

Preterm birth (PTB) is a major public health concern and is the leading cause of under-5 child mortality. Some studies suggest that hypertension disorders of pregnancy (HDP) play an important role in causing PTB. HDP is a term that includes chronic hypertension (CH), gestational hypertension (GH), and pre-eclampsia (PE). The association between the various types of HDP and PTB has not been studied specifically in prior research, yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze risk differences among HDP types. This study was carried out in Makassar's Maternal and Child Hospital using a case-control study design. A sample consisting of 138 cases and 276 controls was collected from the medical record data. Odds ratio and logistic regression test analysis were used to obtain both crude OR (COR) and adjusted OR (AOR). The finding shows that regardless of its type, HDP is a major risk factor for preterm birth. The findings also indicated that PTB risk differs depending on the type of HDP suffered. CH had the highest risk (COR=5.61; AOR=6.58), followed by PE (COR=3.36; OR=3.18) and GH (COR=3.46; AOR=3.09), which have fairly similar risks. CH which has the greatest risk needs to be considered to be the focus of prevention. While in the context of preventing preterm delivery, GH and PE need to receive the same attention. However, prevention and treatment must still be adjusted depending on the type of hypertension suffered.
Adolescences experience of gender-based violence: a qualitative study
Authors: Tristiana Rr Dian , Pratiwi Ika Nur , Sari Dianis Wulan , Yusuf Ah , Sulistyono R Endro
Published: March 2023

Violence towards women is a serious global problem which can affect mental, physical, sexual dan reproductive health. This study aimed to explore adolescents’ experiences of gender-based violence. This study used a qualitative phenomenology design to assess the adolescent’s experience of gender-based violence. The participants were 15 female adolescents aged 15-18. Participants were interviewed using semi-structured in-depth interviews. The qualitative data obtained were transcribed and analyzed using the Colaizzi approach. The results were structured into four themes according to the adolescent experiences of violence. The themes were the violence experienced; Victim’s efforts to deal with the violent incident; Barriers to not reporting or telling others; hope and desire for violence prevention. This study highlights that almost the majority of female adolescent was disclosed to tell other people about incidents of violence. Adolescents tend to feel self-blame and consider that the violent behavior happened because of their fault. This finding emphasized the intervention to resolved the unmet need to facilitate reporting of gender-based violence by victimized adolescents. The interventions must address the stigma, increase community understanding about taboos, and promote gender-based violence education at the school, family, and societal levels.
SARS-CoV-2 transmission among healthcare workers and related potential stigma during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Solikhah Solikhah , Matahari Ratu , Sri Rejeki Dwi Sarwani , Arofiati Fitri , Yanis Syarifa Farah Nurul
Published: March 2023

A limited number of studies are available on COVID-19 patients by disease cluster. We aimed to evaluate the healthcare cluster and stigmatization during the COVID-19 outbreak in Batam, Indonesia. A qualitative study using an empirical phenomenological approach and in-depth interviews with content and thematic analysis was conducted. The informants admitted that they were infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV-2) virus due to non-compliance to COVID-19 protocols, such as removing masks and talking face to face during breaks in meetings held in poor-ventilated rooms. A social stigma was experienced by these healthcare workers because people tended to keep their distance and ostracized them because they were afraid of COVID-19. Healthcare workers tend to be stigmatized and ostracized by the community. A clinical guideline and public health policy should be established by involving community leaders to minimize the psychological pressure experienced by healthcare workers. The results of this study can help policy makers to improve risk management standards in controlling the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in health center to create publich health trust in eliminating COVID-19.
Risk factors of computer vision syndrome in students during online learning period
Authors: Tika Reva Maya , Fitria Laila
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic poses a risk of increasing cases of computer vision syndrome (CVS) due to changes in the environment for work and study because of the implementation of the Work/Study from Home policy. This study aimed to determine the risk factors associated with CVS in students. The study design was cross-sectional with the population of bachelor program students, with a sample size of 124 students. Data were collected through online questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out to study the statistical relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable using the Chi-Square test. This study showed that the prevalence of CVS among students was 87.1%. The analysis showed that one variable had a significant relationship with CVS in students, namely emotional exhaustion (OR 5.47, 95% CI: 1.75-17.02). Another variable, although not significant, was considered to play a role as a risk factor for CVS, namely the duration of computer use (OR 4.75, 95% CI: 1.02-22.25). Emotional exhaustion and duration of computer use are important risk factors in the occurrence of CVS in students during the online learning period. It is necessary to increase socialization regarding the ergonomics of using computers and stress management to prevent CVS in students.