bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPS-Software für fehlersichere Steuerungen
Authors: Becker Norbert , Eggeling Manfred , Huelke Michael
Published: January 2022

Dieser Beitrag beschreibt, wie die Anforderungen der ISO 13849-1 an sicherheitsbezogene SPS-Software im Maschinenbau praxisgerecht umgesetzt werden können. Die Ausführungen basieren auf den Ergebnissen eines vom Institut für Arbeitsschutz (IFA) initiierten und von der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung (DGUV) geförderten Projektes. Ein wesentliches Ergebnis besteht in der Spezifikation der sicherheitsbezogenen Steuerungssoftware durch eine Cause-and-Effect-Tabelle. Hierzu gibt es online mehrere industrielle Beispiele. Die Ergebnisse bilden eine Grundlage für den 2015 erscheinenden neuen IFA-Report zum Thema sicherheitsbezogener SPS-Software im Maschinenbau, der den Stand der Technik beschreibt. Einige der dargestellten Grundideen sind in den bisherigen Entwurf der IEC ISO 17305 eingeflossen.
Lebenszyklusorientierte modellbasierte Entwicklung
Authors: Kernschmidt Konstantin , Feldmann Stefan , Vogel-heuser Birgit
Published: January 2022

Mechatronische Fertigungssysteme sind geprägt von einer hohen Komplexität durch das enge Zusammenspiel der Komponenten verschiedener Diziplinen, gepaart mit immer kürzeren Lebenszyklen. Eine weitere Herausforderung ergibt sich durch die Varianten bestehender Systeme, die durch Änderungen während des Lebenszyklus entstehen. Um diesen Anforderungen zu begegnen, wird in diesem Beitrag ein SysML-basierter Modellierungsansatz vorgestellt, der es ermöglicht, die interdisziplinären Abhängigkeiten der Komponenten bei der Entwicklung zu analysieren und Änderungsauswirkungen zu berücksichtigen.
Sequence/batch monitoring and root cause analysis
Authors: Chioua Moncef , Xu Chaojun , Petersen Heiko , Schlake Jan
Published: January 2022

Batch processes are commonly used in industry to produce semiconductor devices, drugs, polymers, speciality chemicals, or other high quality products. Large amounts of process data are collected during batch operations and stored in process historians. Today, this valuable resource is not used systematically because of the lack of dedicated tools and methods to extract reliable information from it. Detecting unintended deviations from normal operation or identifying the root cause of abnormal behaviour becomes difficult with the ever increasing amount and complexity of stored data. To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a multi-level workflow based on a combination of standard monitoring techniques that enables a hierarchical approach to batch process monitoring. The batch level analysis is able to automatically detect an abnormal batch within a collection of recorded batch datasets. The time level analysis makes it possible to detect the time of occurrence of the batch abnormality and isolate the process variables that significantly contribute to the detected process or operation abnormality. A case study for a fluidized-bed granulation process shows that the proposed methodology leads to robust results in challenging environments.
Datenbasierte Optimierung von Vorsteuerungsparametern
Authors: Noack René , Jeinsch Torsten , Schultalbers Matthias , Weinhold Nick
Published: January 2022

Komplexere Steuer- und Regelstrukturen erfordern einen Mehraufwand an Zeit und Wissen, um die optimalen Parameter zu ermitteln und zu applizieren. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen Ansatz zur Selbsteinstellung von bestehenden Vorsteuerungen und Reglern basierend auf der Methodik iterativ lernender Regelungen (ILR) vor. Mit Hilfe gängiger ILR-Verfahren ist es möglich, diese Parameter schnell und effektiv zu ermitteln. Die Leistungsfähigkeit des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens wird an der Regelungsstruktur eines einfach aufgeladenen Ottomotors gezeigt.
Telerobotiksysteme zum industriellen Einsatz
Authors: Benjamin Großmann  , Schlegl Thomas
Published: January 2022

Direkte Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration ist nur mit leistungs- und kraftbegrenzten sicheren Robotersystemen zulässig. Telerobotiksysteme erweitern den Einsatzbereich, indem ein Bediener einen leistungsstarken Roboter aus sicherer Entfernung mit Kraftrückkopplung steuern kann. Dies ermöglicht neue Anwendungen der Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration in der industriellen Fertigung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Regelungsverfahren für Telerobotiksysteme vor, das auf einer bilateralen Vierkanalarchitektur basiert, mit der es möglich ist, dem Bediener die Umgebungskräfte transparent zu vermitteln.
diccionarios como herramienta para el aprendizaje de idiomas extranjeros: uso, percepción y preferencias por parte de estudiantes de tercero de ESO
Authors: Onieva Palomar Rafael
Published: January 2022

Los diccionarios son herramientas de extraordinaria importancia en el campo del aprendizaje de idiomas extranjeros tanto por su larga tradición en la educación como por su marcado carácter pedagógico. A pesar de ello, su uso es limitado y, en la mayoría de ocasiones, este se limita al diccionario bilingüe aunque existan obras monolingües destinadas a este fin: los diccionarios de aprendizaje. Con el objetivo de profundizar en el conocimiento sobre la percepción y el uso que los estudiantes de lenguas extranjeras hacen de los diferentes tipos de diccionarios, en este artículo se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir de las respuestas a un cuestionario distribuido a 41 alumnos de Tercero de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (E.S.O.) del C. D. P Madre del Divino Pastor en Andújar (Jaén) para dirimir el estado en el que se encuentran los diccionarios en este nivel educativo y comprobar si se hace un uso regular de unas obras que pueden contribuir a la mejora drástica de las calificaciones en esta asignatura.
Morphometric Variation among 28 Sub-populations of Barbodes binotatus in Indonesia
Authors: Septiana Sri Astuti Septiana Sri Astuti , Anik Martinah Hariati Anik Martinah Hariati , Wahyu Endra Kusuma Wahyu Endra Kusuma , Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya
Published: January 2022

Morphological variability-based truss morphometry analysis is often used to identify fish population, morphometric asymmetry, and evolutionary changes of fishes. This study aims to analyze the level of symmetry and asymmetry of Barbodes binotatus from several sampling areas in terms of geographic distribution variability in Indonesia, such as Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. A total of 845 samples were collected from 28 sampling areas. Digital imaging and landmark points were analyzed using the tpsDig.2 program. The parameters including standard landmarks, truss morphometry and geometric-morphometric analysis were completed using SAGE software in order to identify the symmetry-asymmetry level of fishes from each location. Results showed a highly asymmetry level (P<0.0001) in procrustes ANOVA with three factors analyzed: Individual analysis, side identification, and interactions of individual and side. The asymmetry levels of B. binotatus were varied within areas, which recorded at 65.31% for Java Island, 50.16% for Nusa Tenggara, 67.12% for Bali, 67.12% for Sumatera, 30.15% for Kalimantan, and 30.17% for Sulawesi. The asymmetry level of B. binotatus in four major regions (Java, Nusa Tenggara, Bali, and Sumatra) was significantly higher (P<0.0001), while other areas in Kalimantan and Sulawesi tend to be lower than others (P>0.0001). Further research with a genetic approach is needed to identify genetic populations and prove the existence of genetic factors that affect the level of asymmetry in individual body shape.
Identification of an Eight-lncRNA Signature as the Prognostic lncRNA Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Li Sixu , Zeng Weiping , Wang Dongfang , Tan Keai Sinn , Tan Wen , Li Gu
Published: January 2022

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature has been reputable for the predetermination of cancer prognosis. In the present study, we constructed a lncRNA model to predict the survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Using the transcriptome data from TCGA HCC samples, we identified that NEAT1 and MALAT1 were highly expressed in HCC and other tumor subtypes compared to the adjacent normal tissues. Based on the LASSO Cox regression model, we identified an eight-lncRNA signature that significantly correlated with the overall survival and disease-free survival of the HCC training group. The prognostic value of this signature was validated using the test group. Further analysis suggested that this signature was associated with the clinicopathological parameters such as vascular tumor invasion, pathological stage, and tumor grade. Integrated functional analysis showed that these eight-lncRNAs were involved in the cell cycle, metabolic process, and immune response. In conclusion, we constructed an applicable eight-lncRNA signature that is robust and reliable for the prognosis of HCC. This signature may provide an efficient clinical prediction for HCC patients, and further study is required to uncover the function of the identified lncRNAs better.
Adsorptive Performance of Congo Red using Copper-Aluminum LDHs Load to Rice Husk Biochar
Authors: Palapa Neza Rahayu , Novie Juleanti Novie Juleanti , Normah Normah , Taher Tarmizi , Mohadi Risfidian , Rachmat Addy , Lesbani Aldes
Published: January 2022

This work aimed that CuAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) is loaded to biochar to form CuAlLDH@BC composites by co-precipitation methods. CuAlLDH@BC composite was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface area specific analysis BET method, thermalgravimetric, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphological analysis. CuAlLDH@BC composite used as adsorbent for the removal of Congo red. The adsorption ability of CuAlLDH@BC composite evaluated by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with Qecalculated and Qeexperimental of the composite were closed (47.619 and 46.143 mg/g, respectively). Furthermore, the adsorption conducts were more consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model, than the Freundlich isotherm model. The isotherm adsorption data obtained the maximum adsorption capacity was 61.350 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies illustrated the endothermic nature of CuAlLDH@BC, as well as the fact that the adsorption process is spontaneous. Thus, CuAlLDH@BC showed a high reusability performance even after third cycle of adsorption-desorption process.
P2Y Purinergic Receptor Signaling in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines and Its Role in Proliferation and Cisplatin-Mediated Apoptosis
Authors: Law Lok Mun , Azmi Norazrina , Paterson Ian Charles , Ng Pei Yuen
Published: January 2022

Treatment of advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) often involves the use of chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin. However, its use often results in therapeutic failure due to chemoresistance. This study focused on a class of purinergic receptors, namely P2Y, which are activated via interaction with extracellular nucleotides. The functional effects of P2Y receptor activation in OSCC cell lines as well as the signaling pathways involved were investigated. The expression of P2Y2 receptors in histological sections of OSCC was studied due to its association with cancer. Activation of MAPK pathways via extracellular nucleotides were studied in OSCC cell lines, along with downstream effects such as proliferation and cisplatin-mediated apoptosis. Immunohistochemical staining of OSCC tissue samples showed loss of P2Y2 expression as the disease progressed. Western blotting identified different MAPK signaling pathways were activated by extracellular nucleotides. Bromodeoxyuridine proliferation assays showed increased cellular proliferation in the OSCC cell lines H400 (p < 0.001) and SAS (p < 0.001) after 24 h treatment with ATP. However, the ability of extracellular nucleotides to activate multiple P2Y receptor subtypes may indicate the involvement of other subtypes aside from P2Y2. Cisplatin-mediated apoptosis was enhanced in SAS cells co-treated with ATP (p < 0.001), while H376 (p < 0.001) showed reduction in the number of apoptotic cells and no significant changes were observed in H103. This study concluded that extracellular nucleotide on OSCC cell lines with different characterizations had varied downstream effects, which suggests the use of targeted therapy to specific individuals.
Bulut Bilişim Güvenliğindeki Zorluklar ve Güncel Çalışmalar Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: GÜLBURUN Sercan , DENER Murat
Published: January 2022

Bulut bilişim sistemleri, kişi ve organizasyonlar tarafından ihtiyaç duyulan farklı seviye ve nitelikteki bilgi sistemleri kaynaklarının, talebe bağlı olarak istenilen zaman ve miktarda ihtiyaç sahibine sunulabildiği, çoğunlukla internet üzerinden erişilebilir kılınan, özellikle değişken iş yüklerine sahip organizasyonların ihtiyaçlarına en iyi şekilde cevap verebilen sistemlerdir. Bulut bilişim sistemlerinin kullanımının artmasına paralel olarak hem bulut bilişim platformlarına hem de bu platformlardan servis alan organizasyonlara yönelik saldırılar artış göstermiştir. Çalışmada, öncelikle, farklı kuruluşlar tarafından hazırlanan bulut bilişim güvenlik raporları incelenerek, bulut bilişim kapsamında karşılaşılan temel tehditler ortaya konmuştur. Daha sonra Web of Science veri tabanı temel alınarak bulut bilişim güvenliği kapsamında yapılan güncel çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Güncel çalışmalar Uygulama Güvenliği, Denetim Güvenliği ve Veri Bütünlüğü, Kimlik Yönetimi ve Doğrulama, Erişim Kontrolü ve Yetkilendirme, Veri Paylaşımı, Dağıtık Hizmet Dışı Bırakma (DDoS), Sızma Tespiti ve Ağ Güvenliği, Çoklu Bulut Güvenliği, Gizlilik, Kaynak ve Altyapı Güvenliği, Depolama Alanı Güvenliği, Sanal Makine Güvenliği başlıkları altında sınıflandırılarak sunulmuştur. Gerçek dünya sorunları ile yapılan akademik çalışmalar birlikte değerlendirilmiş ve hangi güvenlik alanlarında çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğu belirlenmiştir.
Improvement of the Bees Algorithm for Solving the Traveling Salesman Problems
Authors: ŞAHİN Murat
Published: January 2022

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) has been a popular problem studied in the optimization field for a long time. The most successful methods used in solving these difficult problems are metaheuristic algorithms. In this study, an improved version of the bees algorithm is used in the solution of TSPs. In addition to the classical bees algorithm, two different city selection and relocation functions have been developed. With these functions, it is possible to change the location of multiple and variable numbers of cities. These new functions have been added to the continuation of the classical bees algorithm and are used only on the elite site, ensuring that the elite site becomes more elite. Thus, better results could be obtained with less number of iterations and the number of the total evaluation compared to the existing bees algorithm.
To Be Seen or Not to Be Seen: Examination of Camera Sharing in Online Learning Environments in Terms of Interaction
Authors: GÖRÜ DOĞAN Tülay
Published: January 2022

Along with the Covid-19 pandemic lockdowns experienced, educational institutions of every level conveyed their learning environments to digital environments mostly utilizing online video conference technology. These environments, which were basically designed as communication technologies, were used intensively in online classes in this process where the learner and the instructor were at a distance. This study aimed to examine camera sharing in online learning environments where online video conference applications were used during the Covid–19 pandemic in terms of interaction. This study used a mixed-method and explanatory sequential design model. Whether learners, the participants of this study, shared their camera during online classes and what they thought about learner-learner and learner–instructor interaction was structured through data collection processes using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The findings of the research reveal that the learners in online classes are hesitant about sharing their cameras (for reasons of privacy, distraction, concern, etc.). On the other hand, the learners expressed their opinions that especially the camera sharing made by the instructor (for reasons such as contributing to focus, providing feedback, feeling valued, etc.) increases the interaction.
Application of remote mobile monitoring using the “ECG-DONGLE” electrocardiograph in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Frolov Dmitriy S. , Salukhov Vladimir V. , Izilyaeva Elizaveta A. , Stepanenko Ivan A. , Sveklina Tatyana S.
Published: January 2022

The urgency of remote monitoring of the patients condition, early diagnosis, and timely detection of precursors of deterioration during chronic heart failure using the telemonitoring systems is substantiated. We examined 10 patients (4 women and 6 men aged 64 12 years) suffering from a heart failure with a high risk of adverse outcomes, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 34.4% (32.1%; 37.6%), as well as 10 healthy men (control group, mean age 21 3 years). Each participant was provided with a home monitoring and communication kit (tablet computer with the Internet access, mobile ECG-Dongle electrocardiograph). Also, an individual plan for the treatment of heart failure and associated diseases was developed for the participants. The resulting image using a mobile electrocardiograph ECG-Dongle fully corresponds to the data of a stationary 12-lead electrocardiograph. The use of monitoring the electrocardiogram using a remote access solves the problem of timely personalized identification of predictors of deterioration in the patients circulatory system, while helping to identify a possible cause of destabilization of the course of heart failure, which contributes to the timely correction of the therapy in the early stages. Mobile computing technologies for a remote access, data transfer, and information processing are now being introduced in telemonitoring systems. The remote rehabilitation monitoring system based on the mobile communication could be used as an auxiliary model of outpatient care in the management of patients suffering from a chronic heart failure. We believe that by using such systems, work with the patient could be more effective, namely, self-control of behavior and improved quality of life, which in turn, could lead to a decrease in the rate of the repeated hospitalizations and mortality of the patients suffering from a chronic heart failure.
The adhesive properties of the “Tachocomb” hemostatic plate with prostheses of the brain dura mater
Authors: Vinogradov Vyacheslav V. , Alekseev Dmitriy E. , Svistov Dmitriy V.
Published: January 2022

The adhesion of the Tahokomb hemostatic plate of Takeda (Japan) to the solid cerebral membrane prostheses from materials of various origins was experimentally investigated to determine which of them the implants under study best provide tachocomb fixation and contribute to the prevention of postoperative liquorrhea and infectious complications resulting from leaks in the subdural space. It was found that the greatest adhesion of tachocomb was revealed to xenogenic prostheses having collagen in their composition, which characterizes them as optimal prostheses for plasticizing defects of the solid cerebral membrane from the point of view of sealing the subdural space. Intermediate values were observed in the study of prostheses of combined origin, and the lowest adhesion of tachocomb was observed with respect to synthetic prostheses. Of some interest are new composite substitutes for the hard brain (NeoDura, Medprin), created as a mix of synthetic and organic materials. The surface texture of these solid cerebral membrane analogues approaches collagen implants in characteristics, and is similar to the structure of the native solid cerebral membrane. Based on the data obtained, we can talk about the priority use of solid braincase prostheses based on animal collagen - not only due to the high adhesion parameters of tachocomb to them, but also due to other qualities: resorbability, facilitating the deposition of recipient fibroblast materials on the surface.
Role of β2-microglobulin and lactoferrin in differential diagnosis of uremic pseudoperitonitis and peritonitis in patients with renal replacement therapy (program hemodialysis)
Authors: Zurnadzh’yantс Viktor A. , Kchibekov Eldar A. , Gasanov Kazim G.
Published: January 2022

The significance of the serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin of the patients on a renal replacement therapy (program hemodialysis) for differential diagnosis of uremic pseudoperitonitis and peritonitis is considered. The study included 56 patients with a suspected peritonitis, admitted urgently to the hospital, who received renal replacement therapy (programmed hemodialysis) in the history. The control group included 50 outpatients on a programmed hemodialysis. The study did not include patients with suspected peritonitis who did not receive programmed hemodialysis in the history. Serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin were determined in the test groups. Serum 2-microglobulin concentration was found to be statistically higher than the normal in all the patients receiving a history of program hemodialysis procedures. The highest statistically significant concentration of 2-microglobulin was detected in patients with the suspected uremic pseudoperitonitis, both compared to the control group and the group of the patients with diagnosed peritonitis. The highest statistically significant concentration of lactoferrin was detected in patients with the suspected peritonitis receiving a history of program hemodialysis procedures, which is significantly higher both compared to the control group and the patients with a suspected uremic pseudoperitonitis. In the control group of outpatient patients receiving program hemodialysis procedures, no statistically significant differences in serum concentrations of 2-microglobulin and lactoferrin were detected. A statistically significant increase in the concentration of 2-microglobulin was found in uremic pseudoperitonitis, and lactoferrin in peritonitis. The obtained data do not exclude the possibility of using 2-microglobulin to diagnose the uremic pseudoperitonitis, and lactoferrin with a high probability makes it possible to establish the fact of peritonitis.
Formation and development of radiation pathology education of the department of military field therapy of Military medical academy named after S.M. Kirov
Authors: Vlasenko Alexander N. , Matveev Sergej Yu. , Khalimov Yurij Sh.
Published: January 2022

The first step in teaching the military radiology problems at the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov was its creation. The department of combat properties in 1953 discovered the destructive effects of atomic weapons and anti-nuclear protection. Since 1955, the clinical aspects of radiation injuries have been taught at the newly created Department of Military Field Therapy. The absence of specialized patients determined the clinical and experimental orientation of teaching. In June 1961, sailors who are injured from a nuclear submarine accident of the Northern Fleet K-19 were treated at the military field therapy clinic. The experience gained in the process of their examination and treatment was introduced into the educational process. The department created an archive of patient histories and accumulated a large number of blood and bone marrow preparations of patients with varying degrees of radiation sickness severity at different periods of its course and time after treatment completion. Since 1972, the Department of Military Field Therapy has been teaching the clinical aspects of radiation pathology and the organizational issues of providing therapeutic assistance with it in wartime, starting with the stage of first medical aid, as well as issues related to the nature of radiation injuries in peacetime and the organization of therapeutic assistance for victims of radiation accidents and disasters. The first years of this century were marked by the introduction of a competency-based approach to a higher specialized educational process improvement. The department prepared educational materials intended for cadets of the faculties of training doctors, residents, and students of the faculty of postgraduate and additional education to ensure its implementation in the educational process. An additional professional advanced training program, Diagnostics and treatment of radiation injuries, for 72 hours has been developed, providing the possibility of training specialists in an electronic educational environment. The transfer of educational and methodological materials to electronic media is conducted.
Theory and practice of pharmacy at the Military Medical Academy: formation and development history
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yuri V. , Bunin Sergei A. , Kononov Vladimir N. , Perfiliev Alexander B. , Golubenko Roman A. , Enikeeva Rimma A. , Merkulov Andrey V. , Kostenko Natalya L. , Shcherba Maria P.
Published: January 2022

The activity of the pharmaceutical school of the Military Medical (Medico-Surgical) Academy in various historical periods is presented to ensure the state interest and national security. Scientists and employees of the Academy have been training highly qualified pharmaceutical personnel for different levels of national health care for more than two centuries, and fundamental and applied research is conducted to create new drugs and medical devices, as well as organizing the provision of medical equipment to troops (forces). The role of the pharmaceutical profile department of the Academy includes textbook and teaching aid development, regulatory legal framework improvement that governs medical equipment provision, military units and military medical organizations in modern socio-economic conditions, and innovative sample creation of complete, medical, mobile, and special medical equipment. A brief description of dissertations in the field of pharmacy by the teaching staff and students of the Academy, which had a significant impact on the development of national health care, is given. The prospects for the introduction of advanced educational technologies for training cadets and students, residents, and masters, as well as researching within the framework of national projects in various scientific pharmaceutical specialties, are shown.
Results of the work of the Military medical academy research institute of novel coronavirus infection problems through 2020–2021
Authors: Ivchenko Evgeniy V. , Kotiv Bogdan N. , Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V. , Bucenko Sergey A.
Published: January 2022

Novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 pandemic has become a serious test for the worlds population across the board from individual to population. Introduced restrictive measures of self-isolation, observation, and quarantine, mostly known before the pandemic only to medical specialists, have become a forced lifestyle for most of the people across the globe, their specific adaptation to the new, unusual conditions of the existence and communication. Healthcare has faced off with an unknown infection, while traditional methods of the treatment showed their ineffectiveness at the initial stage. The results of the Research Institute of Problems of New Coronavirus Infection of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov from April 2020 to present are listed. Work basis is formed by the scientific and clinical results of the Academys work during the COVID-19 pandemic. The experience of organizing sanitary, antiepidemic and preventive measures at the permanent disposition and in the field in the regions of Russia and abroad is presented. Developed, improved, and put into the practice methods of diagnosis and treatment of the patients, including the electron microscopic diagnostics of long-term carrier, ultrasound examination of the lungs, glucocorticosteroid therapy, heliumoxygen therapy, risk prediction algorithms and computer-aided evaluation of the degree of lung tissue damage, evaluation of the drug effectiveness are listed. In a separate section study related to the Russian vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac, the assessment of immunity after the disease, complex disorders, and in postvaccination cases, the use of the immune pathogen-reduced plasma, the mutual influence of various vaccines are presented. Methods of rehabilitation of convalescents, dispensary-dynamic observation, and military medical examination are studied and developed.
Vulvar dystrophies: a modern view of the problem
Authors: Tsygankova Olga Yu. , Kravchenko Elena N. , Tsygankova Maria V.
Published: January 2022

This article overviews modern literature data on vulvar dystrophies. The increase in the number of patients with dystrophic diseases of the vulva, a pronounced tendency towards rejuvenation, the complexity of diagnosis, frequent recurrence of the disease and low effectiveness of therapy make this issue extremely urgent. Until now, morphologists have not developed a single classification, and among clinicians, a specific etiopathogenetic concept of development of vulvar dystrophies has not been determined. There are many theories of the disease development. The process starts asymptomatically and is not diagnosed in a timely manner, and due to the localization in the intimate area, it is characterized by low circulation and an increase in the number of neglected cases. Only a comprehensive, timely started treatment with the right choice of drugs and methods of activating reparative processes will prevent development of the disease and reduce the duration of the main symptoms and the likelihood of relapses, exacerbations, and complications.
Oxytocin: physiological and pathophysiological determinants. A review
Authors: Prokhorova Olga V. , Olina Anna A. , Tolibova Gulrukhsor Kh. , Tral Tatyana G.
Published: January 2022

Oxytocin is a pleiotropic peptide hormone that plays a leading role in the implementation of the tonomotor activity of the myometrium during labor. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the complex neurobiology of the oxytocin system, including oxytocinergic pathways, local release patterns and distribution of oxytocin receptors in the brain, and intra-neuronal oxytocin receptor signaling. This article presents the view of modern researchers on the biological functions of the hormone, including its participation in onco- and immunogenesis, as well as in the implementation of adaptation, reproduction and social behavior in humans.
Features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in women with cerebrovascular pathology and assessment of perinatal outcomes
Authors: Yatsenko Darya S. , Gabelova Karina A. , Bezhenar Vitaly F.
Published: January 2022

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the features of the course of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in women with cerebrovascular pathology and to assess the choice of the optimal method of delivery and perinatal outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study assessed ten cases of pregnancy and delivery in women with cerebrovascular pathology (arteriovenous malformation (50%), cavernous malformation (30%), and arterial aneurysms (20%)). All women were followed up, treated and delivered at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic (Academician I.P. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia) between 2018 and 2019.
RESULTS: In eight out of ten women with cerebrovascular pathology, the course of pregnancy was complicated by the threat of premature birth, chronic placental insufficiency, and severe preeclampsia. In one case, the pathology of the cerebral blood vessels (cavernous malformation) manifested itself as a general hemorrhagic disturbance of the cerebral blood circulation during this pregnancy; in all other cases, cerebrovascular pathology was diagnosed before pregnancy. When analyzing the timing of delivery, it should be noted that only in one case with severe preeclampsia, the pregnancy was completed at 34 weeks and 1 day (emergency childbirth). The average delivery time for the remaining patients was 38 weeks 3 days (planned childbirth). The analysis of delivery methods showed that in 90% of cases (n = 9), pregnant women were delivered by caesarean section. Vaginal delivery occurred in one patient with a history of arteriovenous malformation of the left frontal lobe after subtotal embolization. The course of the postpartum period in all the patients was uneventful. During the next year, a planned consultation with a neurologist took place in three cases.
CONCLUSIONS: It is required that a multidisciplinary team should develop tactics for pregravid preparation, pregnancy and postpartum management, with an assessment of long-term consequences in pregnant women with cerebrovascular disease, which will improve the efficiency of medical care and will contribute to the further implementation of reproductive functions in such patients. It is necessary to develop rehabilitation plans with the selection of personalized rehabilitation methods aimed at reducing complications associated with pregnancy and childbirth.
Vitamin A and pregnancy: myths and reality; prospects for the use in patients with endometriosis. A review
Authors: Seyidova Chimnaz I. , Yarmolinskaya Maria I.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Retinol in its various forms, being a powerful antioxidant, has a multifaceted effect on the functioning of body systems. Replenishment of the daily requirement for the vitamin is possible only when it is supplied from outside sources. Both excess intake and deficiency of retinol are associated with adverse effects.
AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the role of vitamin A in the functioning of the female reproductive system, its effect on pregnancy, and the prospects of using it as a pathogenically justified therapy for endometriosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed this review, analyzing articles from such electronic databases as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cyberleninka, published in the period from 2000 to 2020.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin A plays an important role in pregnancy; its deficiency is associated with a number of malformations, the risk of respiratory distress syndrome and disorders of the immune system development in the fetus. Despite the alleged risk of using vitamin A in pregnant women, it can be prescribed both at the planning stage and during pregnancy in safe therapeutic doses, up to 10,000 IU / day, in order to reduce the number of congenital malformations, to give birth to children with higher Apgar scores, and to prevent anemia. Retinol has antiproliferative and antitumor effects and affects the biosynthesis of estrogens, which justifies the possibility of its involvement in the pathogenesis of genital endometriosis. Given the ability of vitamin A to inhibit the proliferation of endometrioid ovarian cysts, to reduce the size of endometrioid heterotopias, and to modulate the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines, it can be considered as a perspective therapy in the combined treatment of genital endometriosis.
The psychological portrait of pregnant women with several complications of multiple pregnancy
Authors: Mikhaylov Anton V. , Zamanayeva Yulia V.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Multiple pregnancies are high-risk pregnancies from both an obstetric and a psychological point of view.
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the features of prenatal experiences of women carrying multiple pregnancies and to determine the influence of several complications of multiple pregnancy on prenatal experience.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 80 individuals aged 19 to 43 years, at a gestational age of 21 to 39 weeks, carrying twins. The patients were divided into five groups by clinical diagnosis and were asked to complete psychodiagnostic questionnaire. The answers to the questions suggested both a quantitative assessment and a qualitative description of their experiences.
RESULTS: We revealed some differences between the study groups in the frequency of manifestations of different psychological elements of the mothers gestational dominant. Some trends were also found for differences between the groups in terms of prenatal attachment rates. An analysis of pregnant womens descriptions of their ideas about the unborn children and communication with them showed that there were qualitative differences between the groups in the following: ideas about the characters of the unborn children, actual thoughts about them and thoughts about them after delivery, and features of the mothers communication with them in several emotional conditions. The data obtained allowed for describing the psychological portrait of pregnant women with several complications of multiple pregnancy.
CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the type of multiple pregnancy complications, there are specific psychological experiences associated with pregnancy, future maternity and an emotional bond with the unborn children. Moreover, these experiences influence the behavior of pregnant women and their communication with other people and medical staff.
Comprehensive method of ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis
Authors: Nagorneva Stanislava V. , Shalina Maria A. , Yarmolinskaya Maria I. , Netreba Elena A.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: There are currently no uniform standards for adenomyosis diagnosis, so the search for the most informative methods is an urgent task. This article presents modern views on the diagnosis of adenomyosis and the role of ultrasound in its diagnostics.
AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic capabilities of ultrasound in the diffuse form of adenomyosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 164 patients aged 22 to 43 years old, who had a comprehensive ultrasound examination done. The points were calculated and the presence or absence of adenomyosis, as well as its severity, were determined using the developed scale. The sequential implementation of six ultrasound techniques were used for a comprehensive ultrasound assessment of adenomyosis: assessment of the myometrium echostructure homogeneity; assessment of the ratio of the anterior and posterior uterine wall thicknesses; compression elastography; assessment of the junctional zone in the 3D mode; assessment of the uniformity of the junctional zone thickness along uterine walls; vascularization of the myometrium in the Power Doppler 3D Glass Body mode.
RESULTS: We have developed the comprehensive ultrasound method of adenomyosis diagnostics. The sensitivity of the method was 95%, and the specificity was 100%. The positive predictive value was 100%, and the negative predictive value was 90%. The accuracy of the method was 97%.
CONCLUSIONS: The developed scoring system for the comprehensive assessment of adenomyosis allows for an independent assessment of the myometrium for each criterion, summarizing the scores and, therefore, assessing the presence and severity of adenomyosis more objectively and reliably. The high sensitivity and specificity of this technique allows recommending it for use by ultrasound specialists.
Ineficácia das Medidas Socioeducativas em Relação aos Adolescentes Pertencentes as Organizações Criminosas
Authors: Pereira Tiago Apolonio , Blanco Graziela Maria Casas
Published: January 2022

ResumoA legislação brasileira considera os adolescentes, aqueles com idade entre doze e dezoito anos de idade incompletos, como inimputáveis, ou seja, não respondem pelos crimes praticados da mesma maneira como os adultos. Assim, os adolescentes não praticam crimes e sim atos infracionais, que são puníveis com a imposição de medidas socioeducativas, ao revés de penas. Desse modo, objetivou-se verificar se as medidas socioeducativas são realmente eficazes para a ressocialização nos casos em que os adolescentes estão intimamente envolvidos com o crime organizado. O resultado da pesquisa foi de que a legislação menorista deve se atualizar a essa questão da criminalidade organizada, de modo a endurecer e diferenciar a responsabilização dos adolescentes que praticam condutas mais graves, caso contrário, não haverá efetividade alguma na aplicação das medidas socioeducativas para os adolescentes infratores faccionados.
Palavras-chave: Ato infracional. Medida Socioeducativa. Eficácia. Organizações Criminosas.
AbstractBrazilian legislation considers teenagers, those aged between twelve and eighteen years of age, as non-imputable, that is, they do not respond for crimes committed in the same way as adults. Thus, adolescents do not commit crimes but infractions, which are punishable with the imposition of socio-educational measures, instead of penalties. Thus, the objective was to verify whether socio-educational measures are really effective for re-socialization in cases where adolescents are intimately involved in organized crime. The result of the research was that the minor legislation must be updated to this issue of organized crime, in order to toughen and differentiate the accountability of adolescents who practice more serious behaviors, otherwise, there will be no effectiveness in the application of socio-educational measures for the factional offender teenagers.
Keywords: Infringement Act. Socio-Educational Measure. Efficiency. Criminal Organizations.
Screening for Biomarkers of Actinobacteria Associated with Water-Damaged Buildings – Part 1
Authors: Shoemaker Ryan , Lark D
Published: January 2022

Recent publications 1,2 have presented the view that a wider variety of microbial contaminants are responsible for adverse human health effects in susceptible individuals exposed to the microbial “soup” that results in water-damaged buildings (WDB) than previously ascribed. Those articles presented an in-depth understanding of the expanded use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to detect the bacterial taxa present in these affected environments. When correlated with data from transcriptomic assays, these studies defined specific causation of innate immune activation by a growing list of microbial colonizers. Specifically, it was reported that a correlation existed between certain Actinobacteria as shown by NGS, with differential gene activation, from a transcriptomic assay (GENIE) detecting a defined clinical response. This review seeks to assess the published literature to find and determine the potential for candidates that could be relied upon to act as a biomarker for Actinobacteria in dust and other samples in order to indicate the likelihood of Actinobacteria dominance or prevalence, sufficient to warrant progression to confirmation by NGS, much like endotoxins are broadly accepted as a biomarker for colonization by broad spectra of Gram-negative bacilli in WDB.
A study of the utility and safety of bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated COVID19 ARDS: Transgressing the conventional guidelines
Authors: Mehta Ravindra , Bansal Sameer , Kumar Ashwin , Thorbole Anmol , Loknath Chakravarthi , Kalpakam Hariprasad
Published: January 2022

Background: Bronchoscopy has been done sparingly in COVID19 patients due to the risk of aerosol generation. We describe a study on targeted bronchoscopy in mechanically ventilated (MV) COVID-19 patients outlining the procedural, clinical, utilitarian and safety aspects. Methods: Bedside bronchoscopy was performed in suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases on MV for specific indications. Demographic, clinical, bronchoscopic and laboratory findings were analysed. Results: 98 procedures were performed on 61 patients, mean age 62.1 years, 51 (83.6%) males. 42 patients (69%) had at least 1 co-morbidity. Major indications were new radiographic infiltrates with clinical deterioration, increased endotracheal tube (ETT) secretions and haemorrhagic secretions/hemoptysis. Common findings were copious secretions in 87 (88.8%), purulent in 61%, mucoid in 18%, haemorrhagic in 7% and frothy in 14% cases. On the management front, antibiotics were changed in 31 (31.6%) cases based on bronchoscopic findings. Other significant changes included reduction/stopping steroids and anticoagulation and ETT repositioning. The incidence of bacterial superinfection was high (54% culture positivity), a significant number (94%) with multi-drug resistant organisms. Fungi were seen in 7 cases (7.1%). Pneumocystis jiroveci was not seen and cytology did not show any viral inclusions. Therapeutic mucus plug removal was done in 30 cases (30.6%), and hemoptysis control in 4% cases. The procedures were safe and none of the HCW developed any COVID19 disease. Conclusion: Bronchoscopy in critically ill MV COVID-19 patients contributes on both diagnostic and therapeutic fronts and impacts management decisions. With adequate precautions and standard protocols, it is safe for both HCW and patients.
PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS DI PANTI ASUHAN BINASIWI, BANTUL
Authors: Darmawati Idiani , Indriawati Ratna
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya penguatan pendidikan karakter mandiri anak berkebutuhan khusus. Tujuan Kegiatan ini untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk hambatan dan upaya pendidik/ pengasuh panti dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak berkebutuhan khusus (ABK). Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif yang mengambil lokasi di Panti Asuhan Binasiwi, Bantul, DIY. Informan penelitian berjumlah sepuluh orang yang ditentukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Mereka adalah pengasuh dan ABK tunagrahita. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Keabsahan data ditentukan dengan triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi teknik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan tahap-tahap mereduksi data, menyajikan data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil  menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kemandirian pada anak seperti kemandirian bina diri, emosi, dan kemandirian sosial ditemukan pada saat proses belajar dan kegiatan di panti. Hambatan yang dialami adalah kesulitan dalam berkomunikasi dengan anak dan pemahaman sikap mandiri pada anak. Usaha untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut dengan memberi pengertian, kasih saying, dan nasihat yang nantinya akan dipahami oleh anak. Proses ini dilakukan secara terus-menerus dan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, penguatan pendidikan karakter mandiri bagi ABK tunagrahita diperlukan agar anak bisa mengurus diri sendiri tanpa bantuan orang lain.
AKSI-INDEPENDENSI PHBS VS COVID-19 DI KRB GUNUNG MERAPI
Authors: Dewanti Diah Setyawati , Hartarto Romi Bhakti , Fitria Nabila Nur , Istiqomah Riyanti Nur
Published: January 2022

Tujuan utama dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk melihat aksi-independensi di Kawasan Rawan Bencana (KRB) Gunung Merapi dalam pengurangan kasus terkonfirmasi Covid-19. Desa Dongkelsari dengan beberapa hunian tetap yang ada disana menjadi area pengabdian ini merupakan area rawan bencana gunung berapi yaitu Gunung Merapi. Pengabdian ini tidak hanya memberikan bantuan untuk dapat mengurangi konfirmasi kasus Covid 19, tapi juga melihat besarnya perubahan perilaku dari warga di sekitar daerah hunian tetap. Tim pelaksana pengabdian telah memberikan bantuan berupa masker kain, sabun cuci tangan, dan handsanitizer pada awal bulan Maret, saat pandemi Covid 19 mulai merebak di Kabupaten Sleman. Setelah beberapa bulan, tim pelaksana melakukan wawancara terstruktur kepada warga secara acak sederhana. Sebanyak 151 keluarga diwawancara untuk melihat perubahan gaya hidup dan juga aksi-independensi warga di Desa Dongkelsari. Pelaksanaan wawancara dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2020 dengan menggunakan protokol kesehatan sesuai anjuran pemerintah. Adanya persepsi dan gaya hidup sehat pada lokasi ini semenjak diberikan bantuan tersebut menjadi penilaian akhir dari program pengabdian ini. Salah satu tolok ukurnya adalah kesadaran dan pengadaan beberapa fasilitas dalam pengurangan kasus Covid 19. Jumlah frekuensi mencuci tangan (94.1%), menggunakan hand-sanitizer (48.7%), memakai masker setiap bepergian (81.6%) dan memberikan jarak dengan orang lain (40.8%) sering dilakukan selama pandemi Covid-19.