bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Origin of the Institution of the State Representative in the Territory of Moldova
Authors: Buruian Viorica
Published: December 2018

After obtaining independence, the process of building a new system of public administration had started in the Republic of Moldova. A special role in this process was given to the institutionalization of the territorial state administration. Since the adoption of the normative framework in November 1998, which created the prefect institution, and until now, in the desire to reform the local public administration and to consolidate the deconcentrated administration, several models of state representation in the territory were attempted. We consider it important to mention that our country, in its historical evolution, has established certain traditions regarding the representation of the state in the territory, which could be taken over and adapted to the construction of the present system of public administration. For these reasons, we intend to analyze the exponents of local administration in Moldova and its functional components.The administration of the Romanian feudal states had a pronounced centralizing character, determined by the need to strengthen the unity and state integrity. All the feudal institutions in the Romanian states were inextricably linked to the ruler, the person and his functions. The Ruler not only held all the functions of the state but also exercised them directly or through delegates, thus assuring the unit of leadership and participating, together with the representatives of the dominant class, directly, in the creation and organization of the judiciary, military, tax structures. The principle of delegation of power involved the transfer of competence and responsibility from the center to certain local agents of state power acting in the name and authority of the Ruler.The superior position was held by the pârcălab, one of the oldest and most important dignitaries in the Romanian countries. Pârcălabul represented the ruler and ensured the implementation of the king's decisions within the country, which is why he enjoys great authority in the country, being at the top of the administrative hierarchy of the local governors. Because of this, the pârcălab and the staroste were named by the ruler of the great boyars.Therefore, the institution of the state representative in the territory has rich historical traditions and dates back to the Moldovan state. The pârcălab had important legal, military, fiscal functions, and alongside with other royal servants, was the mechanism of land administration. During its evolution, this institution has undergone changes, but the essence remains stable, to represent central power locally.
Political Pressure Methods Used for Imposing the Bolshevik Regime in Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
Authors: Becciu Sorin
Published: December 2018

The XX-th century had a decisive role in shaping the societies of Eastern Europe. In a short period of time several political ideologies influenced the people causing deep woundsand the effects we face even today.The Republic of Moldova, The Ukraine and Romania have all fallen under the influence of the soviet ideology. To impose such a drastic change regarding the way of life, social institutions such as the Church, the family and private propriety, special methods had to be used. The Bolshevik ideology did not have any regard for the price of individual life and did not refrain from using violent methods. According to the main communist ideologues famine, torture, propriety nationalization and killings were justified.The effects of this societal change still affect the region. Romania, The Republic of Moldova and Ukraine must find the understanding for the past and create solutions for the common problems.
Cultural Diversity: Conceptual Approaches
Authors: Roșca Simion
Published: December 2018

Cultural diversity is, as biodiversity, an element of the common heritage of humanity, whose defense is an ethical imperative inseparable from respect for the dignity of the human person. The concept of cultural diversity permits the existence of a variety of different cultures that are not, by far, isolated, but interact and intersect at all times. The UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression of 2005 stated that cultural diversity is a defining feature of humanity and is aware of the fact that cultural diversity is a common heritage of humanity, being necessary for humanity just as biodiversity is necessary for nature . Everyone has the right to participate in cultural life, to have access to culture, has the right to respect for cultural identity and to identify with a cultural community, has the right to cultural, religious and linguistic diversity, the right to freely run cultural activities, etc. In this study the author will attempt to analyze and define the concept of "cultural diversity" as well as its basic culture component.
Economic Globalization and its Implications for International Diplomacy
Authors: Pletniov Vlad
Published: December 2018

The economic realities of recent years convincingly reveal the increased role of international integration and cooperation in the global development of the global community, the strengthening of the global trend in the formation of a single world economy. An important feature of the development of the modern world is a strong link between the structure and the process of transforming the world economy. The boundaries between "national" and "international" in the world political system are blurred. Transnational flows of goods, services, labor, tourists, information, ideas and values become stronger.Globalization is a process that changes not only the external context in which the state operates, but also the very nature of the state and of the political communities in general. The interdependence of the modern world is manifested on the one hand in the emergence of global threats and, on the other, in increasing the social and economic benefits generated by countries' participation in globalization.
Comparative Analysis of Southern Caucasus Countries’ Political Systems
Authors: Shubitidze Konstantine , Tevdoradze Tornike
Published: December 2018

Caucasus is one of the most popular region for the world in the political view. Three countries – Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan – are part of that region. Despite of the close ties between them and the neighborhood, they have political system similarities and differences as well. In the paper, we will discuss and compare those three countries from different points of view: political regimes, types of government, number of ministries, economics, political culture, political parties in the parliament and demography. We will find out which country is much forward in these spares, what are their problems and perspectives, what their main political course is and how they interact to each other. In addition to that, we will also discuss and prove our statements by the statistical data of democracy level or political transparency. In addition, it will show some actual problems in the region to the reader and finally it will draw clear picture of the political environment in the region.
Заборона альманахів М. Комарова «Розмова» і «Заволока» як чинник цензурних утисків української книжки
Authors: Лубчак Вадим
Published: December 2018

Стаття присвячена історії цензурної заборони одеських альманахів М. Комарова «Розмова» і «Заволока» в контексті літературного процесу кінця ХІХ — початку ХХ століття. Акцентується на тривалому листуванні упорядника з цензурними органами, в якому він вимагав дозволу на друк книжок, та висновках, яких доходять українські письменники після «співпраці» з репресивною імперською машиною. Дослідження ролі неопублікованих альманахів «Розмова» і «Заволока» в контексті розвитку тенденцій нетерпимості російської цензури до української книжки.У статті окреслено історію упорядкування та спроб подолання цензурних заборон двох південноукраїнських альманахів від письменника, критика, бібліографа й фольклориста Михайла Комарова.В російському ліберально-політичному журналі «Русская мысль» Микола Фабрикант відвертою статтею «Короткий нарис з історії відносин російських цензурних законів до української літератури» (1905 рік) привідкриває «завісу» непростих стосунків російської цензури та українських книг і преси. Парадигма розвитку української літератури. Перший альманах Комарова («Розмова. Одеський літературно-етнографічний збірник на 1889-й рік», що складався із двох частин (літературної — шість оповідань, одна повість, одна комедія, тридцять поезій; етнографічної — збірка народних приказок та загадок), було подано до одеської цензури у серпні 1889 року. Підтвердження активної самоцензури можна знайти в кореспонденції М. Комарова.
Розстріляний за професійну діяльність: редактор і видавець Іван Лизанівський у громадсько-політичному і видавничому русі
Authors: Подоляка Надія
Published: December 2018

У статті розглянуто ключові етапи життєвого та творчого шляху видавця, активного учасника подій, які розгортались в Україні на початку XX століття, Івана Миколайовича Лизанівського. На жаль, недостатня обізнаність широкої громадськості в його суспільній і професійній діяльності робить малопомітною особистість редактора і видавця.Джерельною базою дослідження слугують праці, присвячені діяльності Української партії соціалістів-революціонерів, до якої свого часу належав видавець; архівні документи та спогади.Показано умови, які сприяли формуванню світогляду І. Лизанівського. Розкрито роль цієї непересічної особистості в процесі діяльності Центральної Ради, уряду УНР та Директорії. Акцентовано на його співпраці з класиком української літератури І. Франком. Особливу увагу приділено діяльності І. Лизанівського як редактора і члена Правління Харківського кооперативного видавництва «Рух». Виділено й описано характерні особливості редакторського опрацювання творів української літератури, їх рецензування.Використано історичний, історико-біографічний, аналітико-синтетичний методи.Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що повернення правди про забуті імена є питанням досить актуальним. А тому прізвища Івана та Варвари Лизанівських варті того, щоб повернути їх до науково-документальної серії книг «Реабілітовані історією» та офіційно оприлюднити цей факт реабілітації. Діяльність очолюваного І. Лизанівським харківського кооперативного видавництва «Рух» свого часу сприяла духовному зростанню українського народу, підтримці розвитку мови і культури, поглибленню політики українізації. Отже, розглянуте у дослідженні питання суттєво розширює погляд на видавничу справу на етапі становлення радянської влади.
Витруювання національного в журналістиці триває
Authors: Тимошик Микола
Published: December 2018

Гірко-світле відчуття зі столітнього ювілею колишнього декана-націоналіста факультету журналістики Київського державного університету ім. Т. Г. Шевченка Матвія Шестопала. Відзначали скромно в Будинку письменників столиці України. Тут зустрілася жменька колишніх студентів-журналістів Шестопалівського «призову» та й така ж — його послідовників.Ювілей без телекамер, урочистих промов, високопосадових можновладців. Як і зазвичай, коли йдеться про тих, хто ще за життя заслужив оте істинно народне, високе — совість нації і хто завжди був в опозиції до влади.Слухав виступи старших колег-побратимів, готувався до свого, й перед очима враз постала ось ця моторошна хроніка цілеспрямованого й наполегливого вихолощення національного стрижня з нашої журналістики. Тієї, яку нинішні її керманичі, не захотівши витягнути з трясовини меншовартості, заповзято запихають нині в таке ж болото космополітичної «комункітивно-каналізаційної» епохи.
REFLEKSI ABDULLAH SAEED TENTANG PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP AYAT-AYAT ETHICO-LEGAL DALAM ALQURAN
Authors: Lestari Lenni
Published: December 2018

Awareness of the relationship between text, context and interpreters always experiences dynamics from time to time. From the classical to contemporary times, every interpreter always tries to present the results of interpretations that give benefit to anyone. The same is true for contextual interpreters, such as Fazlur Rahman, Amina Wadud, Muhammad Syahrur, and Khaled Abou El Fadl who will be briefly reviewed in this article. This article is the result of Abdullah Saeed's reflection on four contemporary commentators in interpreting the verses of legal ethics. Abdullah Saeed is an Australian scientist from the Maldives. Abdullah Saeed is also present to give a new color in understanding the Qur'an by taking into account the context of the revelation and context when the Qur'an was interpreted. This article is adapted from Abdullah Saeed's article entitled "Some Reflections on the Contextualist Approach to Ethico-legal Texts of the Quran" which he published in the Bulletin of SOAS. Therefore, this article seeks to find the vertices of Abdullah Saeed's reflection on some contextualist thinking ideas.
KONSEP JIHAD (Studi Komparatif Terhadap Pemikiran Sayyid Qutb Dan M. Quraish Shihab)
Authors: Mudrika Syarifah
Published: December 2018

Secara nash, kata jihad itu sendiri disebutkan dalam Alquran yang tersebar di beberapa surat. Kata jihad ini dengan derivasinya terulang sebanyak empat puluh satu kali dalam berbagai bentuknya. Diskursus mengenai jihad merupakan bagian dari berbagai wacana ke-Islaman hingga saat ini, bahkan menjadi salah satu isu sensitif yang menjadi perdebatan menarik di kalangan para ulama, intelektual Islam dan juga intelektual Barat, baik dalam kaitannya dengan doktrin fikih maupun dalam konteks politik. Mereka banyak melakukan kajian dan analisa mengenai jihad ini, baik menyangkut ruang lingkupnya, pembahasan maupun pro-kontra mengenai maknanya. Salah satu contoh yaitu munculnya pemahaman yang ketat, di mana jihad dipahami sebagai suatu perang fisik melawan sesuatu yang dianggap batil dan menyimpang dari syariat Islam. Akhirnya ini kemudian dipraktikkan, umumnya terorganisir dalam suatu wadah atau organisasi tertentu. Muncullah kasus-kasus peledakan dan bom bunuh diri dengan sengaja dilakukan di tempat-tempat umum yang dianggap sebagai tempat maksiat dan tempat-tempat yang dipandang sebagai saham dan produk Barat (kafir). Di sini, jihad diartikan sebagai suatu perang suci melawan orang-orang kafir yang memang menurut mereka halal darahnya dan bahkan wajib diperangi. Artikel ini mengulas pemahaman jihad yang sesuai aturan Islam dengan mengkomparasikan dua pemahaman penafsir yang berbeda sudut pandang dan zaman. Sayyid Qutb dan Muhammad Quraish Shihab adalah dua tokoh ulama tafsir yang sangat terkenal sehingga dengan menganalisis dan mengkomparasikan dua pemahaman ahli tafsir ini dapat menjembatani pemahaman-pemahaman yang dianggap melenceng dan kembali kepada pemahaman syariat Islam yang dibawa oleh Rasulullah saw.
KONSEP WAHYU DALAM ALQURAN (KAJIAN SEMANTIK)
Authors: Muammar Arief
Published: December 2018

For prophets who are at a lower level, angels descending to them both in the conscious or dream world, will dwell in their imaginary power and the supernatural nature (revelation) which descends from the Hadhrat miah Scientific will reach their hearts. But for the Prophets who have a position higher than q uqul and angels, the delivery of revelation and the descent and descent of angels will be realized with the permission of the Nafs Nabawi. They can witness and dialogue directly with the angels especially with the angel Jibril witnessed in “the nature of 'uqul” with the form of "Tamatsul Aqli", in the Muslim world with the form "Tamatsul Mitsâli" and in the material world with the form "Tamatsul Nâsuti" and in this way they take revelations from angels
SEBAB KERUNTUHAN SUATU BANGSA (Kajian Surat Al-Fajr Ayat 6-13)
Authors: Ismail Hidayatullah Ismail , Fatah Nasrul
Published: December 2018

The writing aims to study about the last causes of a nation’s collapse which is contained in surah Al-Fajr was used thematic interpretation approach. As for the discussion was focused in verses 6-13. There were three languages that collapsed and destroyed in surah Al-Fajr, they were ‘Ad, Tsamud and Fir’aun. These three nations were actually potraits of advanced nations and achieving high civilization, but their bad traits have delivered them to the detruction. These two bad traits were: the first was arrogance in the form of theological disobedience which include all of the denial of faith, blasphemy of religion and its symbols and treatise lie. The second, vandalism in the form of sosiological disobedience that include all of the destructive behavior such as intellectual brilliance, rebellion, persecution and criminalization of da’wah and tryrannical power.
Application of swat model in assesment water resources of upper stream of Thi Nai lagoon serving sustainable develoment of Binh Dinh province
Authors: Nguyen Quan Hong , Mai Thang Toan
Published: December 2018

Water resources from Kôn and Hà Thanh river basin, upstream areas of Thi Nai lagoon plays a very essential role on hydrological in economic – social development of Binh Dinh province. Assessment of potential water resources in the region can be servered for water resources planning toward sustainable development. In this paper, the SWAT model was applied in this study to evaluate river flow in the rivers. The simulation data were used with with the length of meteorological input data up to 36 years. The parameters of model were calibrated by SWAT-CUP with Sufi-2 algorithm (Semi Automated Sequential Uncertainty Fitting) using data of Binh Tuong discharge station(1980-1995), that also used to analyze parameter sensitivity. The coefficient of determination (R2), NSE values and PBIAS index for the daily runoff were obtained as 0,54; 0,51 and 15,01 % .The average input flow to Thi Nai lagoon were 105,16 m3/s (from Kon river) and 19,77 m3/s (from Ha Thanh river). The results of this study can be used for others research such as water balance calculation in the river basin or it can be used as inputs of water quality and sediment transport model in Thi Nai lagoon.
Research construction criterions assessment the effectiveness of three methods of municipal solid waste in North West solid waste treatment complex, Cu Chi
Authors: Ngo Duy Quang , Le Hai Thanh
Published: December 2018

In the recent years, speed of urbanization and industrialization had increased quickly and strongly which continued to increase in the next years. It has brought about pressure on the environment and community. We have many difficulties, existence which need to solve as treatment waste water and air pollution, solid waste is also a big challenge, it is menace to the environment and health of community. Efficient processing of municipal solid waste is a effective solution. We need criterions to assessment. From the practical requirement, research had made criterions to assess the effectiveness of composting technology, waste inceration technology, sanitary landfill technology. The results of the application of this criterion (application to assess the effectiveness of the treatment technology of municipal solid waste - in case research in North West Solid Waste Treatment Complex at 3 business) showed reasonable, effective which raise process efficiency, improvement and perfection of the treatment technology of municipal solid waste. Criterions can apply with business, government in treatment municipal solid waste.
Experimental study on application of a new charging flocculation agent for catfish farming water treatment in Vinh Long province
Authors: Phung Sy Chi
Published: December 2018

The charging flocculation agent “Kiyomaru” is a natural inorganic substance produced from volcanic ash (“Shirasu”) by calcining it in the special firing furnace to generate high porosity, then applying a strong electric charge to some substances included in the ingredient of “Shirasu” by special processing. “Kiyomaru” consists of 24.7 % Na, 11.5 % Al, 19.6 % Si, 22.5 % S, 1.8 % K, 19.0% Ca, 09% Fe, which can consider as an ecological water depurative, having rapid rate of flocculation and sedimentation, cheaper facility cost, simplification of post-processing sludge, low cost and high performance, overwhelming flocculation capacity. Apart from effective treatment of the waters contaminated with high content of suspending solid (up to 10,000 ppm), the agent can remove some heavy metals such as Fe, Mn, As, etc., odour and some organic substances (COD). From 2013 to the present, Environmental Technology Center (ENTEC) in cooperation with HALVO Company Ltd. and Japan Port Consultants Ltd. funded by the Department of Science and Technology of Vinh Long prpvince have implemented the study on experiemental study on application of “Kiyomaru” for catfish farming water treatment in Vinh Long province. The obtained results shown that when using the “kiyomaru”, the efficency of color, turbidity, suspended solid and iron removal as well as the rate of coagulation and sedimentation are generally higher than those comparing with the traditional coagulants.
Total Polyphenol contents of An Giang medicinal plants
Authors: Nguyen Mai Khoa Ha , Nguyen Hai Xuan , Nguyen Nhan Trung , Nguyen Mai Thi Thanh
Published: December 2018

Total polyphenol content of 90 medicinal plants from Seven-Mountain area, Tinh Bien district, An Giang province was determined by photometric method with Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The results showed that 7 samples have more than 200 mg GAE g-1, 22 samples from 100 to 200 mg GAE g-1, 35 sample from 50 to 100 mg GAE g-1, and 26 samples lower 50 mg GAE g-1 respectively. Seven extracts which contained highest polyphenol were stem of Morus alba, leaves of Euphorbia thymifolia, leaves of Excoecaria cochinchinensis, stem of Combretum latifolium, bark of Anogeissus acuminata, stem of Spatholobus parviflorus, and stem of Tetrastigma erubescens with polyphenol contents of 300.0, 281.4, 262.0, 244.6, 237.8, 221.2 and 220.0 mg GAE g-1, respectively.
Modification of aluminium and aluminium alloys by AL-B master alloy
Authors: Huynh Khanh Cong , Vo Luc Hoai
Published: December 2018

Chemical compositions and microstructures affect on mechanical – physical and working properties of aluminium and aluminum alloys. Transition elements, such as Ti, V, Cr, Zr in solid solution greatly reduce the electrical conductivity of aluminium and its alloys. For reduction of detrimental effects of transition elements, Al-B master alloys are added into molten aluminium to occur reactions of boron and transition elements to form diborides of titanium, vanadium, chromium and zirconium, which are markedly insoluble in molten aluminium, then these transition elements have an insignificant effects on conductivity. In addition, Al-B master alloys is also used as a grain refiner of aluminium and aluminium alloys. Aluminium borides particles in Al-B master alloys act as substrates for heterogeneous nucleation of aluminium and its alloys. Al-B master alloys are prepared from low cost materials, such as boric acid H3BO3 and cryolite Na3AlF6, by simple melting method, easily realize in electrical wire and cable factories.
U-Pb zircon and hf compositon of granitoid Chieng Khuong complex
Authors: Ha Nhu Thanh , Pham Hieu Trung
Published: December 2018

Zircon crystals selected from granitoid Chieng Khuong Complex V0938 sample and V0821 have the LA-ICP-MS U-Pb analyses clustered at 263±8 Ma. Two sample zircon analyses give concordant ages concentrated at 263± 8 Ma (weighted mean). These results indicate the protolith of the granitoid Chieng Khuong Complex (primary magma crystallization age) to be late Paleozoic (ca. 263 Ma). The results Hf(t) of Chieng Khuong granitoid show that Hf isotopic ratio from -6.4 to-13.3, indicated granitoid was formed in a complicated environment and origin through partial melting of Proterozoic crust. Combine with Hf isotope and petrological probably indicating existence of the mixture between crust and mantle material during the formation of the magma. Thus, these rusults indicate the mixing crust – mantle model which is the main way to forming process of Chieng Khuong complex.
Improvement in conductivity and thermal stability of polystyrene with two-step reduced graphene oxide based nanocomposite Graphene /polystyrene
Authors: Nguyen Vy Tuong , Vu An Nang , Ha Huy Thuc
Published: December 2018

In insitu microemulsion synthesis, we have synthesized successfully nanocomposite based on polystyrene (PS) and two-step reduced graphene oxide sheets with heat and NaBH4 agent after they had been treated by monoglyceride. Resulted Nanocomposite has been better in electrical conductivity (approximately 2,01 × 10-2S / cm), thermal stability (increased about 120 oC) and physical properties (glass transition temperatureincreasesof over 6.40 oC, elastic modulus increases by 45 %) than the pure PS properties.
The organization system of the Propaganda Unit of the Central Office for South Vietnam in the resistance war against America (1961-1975)
Authors: Do Bien Van
Published: December 2018

The Communist Party's propaganda plays an important role and holds a special position for the development paths of the people's war. In the Southern revolutionary war, the Propaganda Unit of the Central Office for South Vietnam or the Southern Propaganda Unit is the specialized agency of the Central Office for South Vietnam, responsible for giving advise and assisting the Central Office for South Vietnam in directing political, ideological and cultural activities for the implementation of the political, ideological, cultural arts and education in the war against America in the south of Vietnam from 1961 to 1975 to implement the goal of liberating the Southern Vietnam to unify the country. This paper presents the organizational system of the Propaganda Unit through the development stages of the resistance war against America. Thereby, the paper highlights the process of formation, changes and development of the Propaganda Unit through different stages; at the same time, evaluating the important roles of the propaganda in the leadership of the Central Office for the South Vietnam in the resistance war against America.
A new outlook on map use in social sciences and humanities research
Authors: Le Vinh Minh , Van Phuong Ngoc Truc
Published: December 2018

Since their first appearance, maps increasingly secured their irreplaceable role in our civilization. As the human society develops, so is cartography to become more useful than ever. Transforming from their designated role as a tool of positioning or navigating, maps have become a second language to visualize real world, and a useful tool in scientific research. Particularly, recent decades have experienced the creative use of map in social sciences and humanities researches that yield interesting results. However, in Viet Nam this is still a relatively new approach that has not yet received the attention it deserves. This paper systematically illustrates how maps can be applied in social sciences and humanities researches, as such suggesting how researchers in social sciences and humanities can employ maps in a greater variations and more effective, creative ways. Researches done in social sciences and humanities (in which maps had been used) accompanied with indepth-interviews are closely observed, studied and analyzed to identify how maps are being used in different stages of research. To enhance ease and flexibility of map usage in research, we have presented all the situations according to map functionalities. It is concluded that maps can be used for pre-arrival to site analysis, studysite selection (multi-criteria analysis function), field trip planning (navigating function). Maps could also be used as primary data collection tool in associated with questionnaires, indepth interviews and focus groups, in order to explore spatial aspect of collected data (multi-criteria and multi-time analysis functions). Last but not least, map use is a great way to illustrate spatial research information in a more creative and visualized way.
Development of calcium-selective potentiometric electrode using 10,19- Bis[(octadecylcarbamoyl)methoxyacetyl]-1,4,7,13,16-pentaoxa-10,19- diazacycloheneicosane compound as ionophore
Authors: IŞILDAK Ömer
Published: December 2018

This work deals with the
development of micro-size potentiometric calcium-selective electrode. A simple
and rapid potentiometric method of determining calcium concentration, based on
10,19-Bis[(octadecylcarbamoyl) methoxyacetyl]- 1,4,7,13,16–pentaoxa-10,19-diazacycloheneicosane,
is described. For this aim, calcium-selective polyvinylchloride (PVC) membrane was prepared by coating on the surface of solid-contact.
Calcium-selective PVC membrane electrode does not contain internal reference
electrode and solution. The potentiometric performance of calcium-selective PVC
membrane electrode (selectivity constant, liner working range, detection limit,
response time, pH working range, repeatability, lifetime, and time dependent
potential decay) was determined using computer controlled measurement system in
static conditions. The results showed that the calcium-selective electrode
exhibited good reproducibility in calcium determination.
ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ КЛІПОВОЇ СВІДОМОСТІ З ПОГЛЯДУ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ПРАГМАТИЗМУ
Authors: Жарких В. Ю.
Published: December 2018

In classical pragmatism, evolution is understood in light of interrelation of an organism and its environment. The thinking and knowing ability of man is no exception. The purely human features – consciousness, reason, imagination, language and the use of signs – are treated as realization of the natural process of adaptation.Pragmatism maintains that reason does not exist separately from environment. Man uses his reason to better adapt and accommodate in human/nonhuman contexts. This ability is а biological need and necessity in his struggle for survival. In the constantly changing world, challenges, that man faces in his everyday experience, stimulate the appearance of new ways of perceiving the world and thinking of its transformations.Present-day technological innovations have transformed political and social relations in the global world. Among other things, Internet is of utmost importance for changes in face-to-face social contacts. In this respect it is responsible for alterations in man’s consciousness and his way of thinking. It led to modification and deformation of the very principle of human worldview and social interrelation.In philosophy this phenomenon is known as «сlip consciousness / thinking». It is roughly explained as а peculiar ability to simultaneously perceive the world through short, often unrelated messages in the form of video clips or TV news.Internet affected the volume and form of information exchange and dissemination because the structure of the information space had become different. It is filled with an unstoppable stream of messages which human mind cannot sensibly grasp. As а result attention becomes unfocused, shallow and imperceptive. On the other hand, people with clip consciousness are able to simultaneously perceive various information and do different things.The notion «сlip consciousness» has not yet been adequately defined and appreciated. It requires further analysis and evaluation on the principle of reasonable balance.
A UV Transmittable NLO crystal Hydrofluoric Acid Mixed Sulphamic acid (FASA) : Synthesis, Growth and Characterization
Authors: Samson Y. , Anbarasu S. , Rajkumar M. Ambrose , Ajith P. , Anand D. Prem
Published: December 2018

A UV transmittable NLO crystal Hydrofluoric acid mixed Sulphamic acid (FASA) was synthesized and explored in aqueous solution by slow solvent evaporation technique at ambient temperature. Centimeter sized 3 × 2.8 × 1 cm3 crystal was harvested in a period of 25-30 days. Single crystal X-ray diffraction data manifest FASA crystallizes in Tetragonal P crystal system with lattice parameters of a = 8.12 Å, b = 8.12 Å, c = 9.29 Å and α=β=γ =90̊. The peaks in powder X-ray diffractogram were indexed corresponding to the (hkl) plane orientations showing the crystalline purity and perfection. FTIR spectrum authenticate the functional groups exist in FASA crystal system. UV-vis-NIR spectrum validated a wide transparency range with short UV cut-off edge closer to 200 nm. FASA endowed with larger dielectric polarizability. Kurtz-Perry powder test flashed the Phase matchable SHG efficiency 0.43 times KDP. Soft nature of FASA suits itself for crystal feasibility. The presence of HF with sulphamic acid delivered a mixed crystal system FASA suitable for UV nonlinear optical applications.
The measurement of the Islamic values for muslim workers
Authors: Pasaribu Popy Novita , Indupurnahayu Indupurnahayu
Published: December 2018

The objectives of this study were to set up an instruments to measure Islamic values and meaning of prayers (sholat.) The Islamic values consisted of tauhid (unity), khilafah (trusteeship) and adalah (justice). Factors of pray essence consist of 6 (six) variables namely concentration, understanding, respect, fear and admiration, hope for mercy and bless and shamefornegligence. This study took place in Islamic Banks namely Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and BNI Syariah. Data analysis used for this study was Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results showed all indicators that reflected the Islamic values were valid and reliable that was consisted 22 item questions.Construct reliability (CR) and variance extracted (VE) for Islamic values were 0,79 and 0,58.  Concentration, understanding, respect, fear and admiration,indicatedthe meaning of prayer that were valid and reliable (CR 0,90 and VE 0,69), consisted nine item questions. Spiritualityin the workplacecan bedevelopedthrough theapplication ofIslamic valuesand prayer and it could be measured by these instruments.

 
Features of the use of elements of distance learning in the process of training future teachers of computer science
Authors: Naumuk Iryna , Korzun Nataliia
Published: December 2018

On today in all institutions of higher education there is an actual problem with creation of high-tech information and communication educational-scientific system. This is in line with the needs of the information society, modern achievements in science and technology, international standard. At training of future teachers of Informatics occupies an important place modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment Moodle. Moodle have free access to the management of training content, personifying "pedagogy of constructionism" and focuses on the teacher and the student under time for learning. Moodle can also be used for remote courses and support full-time and part-time (distance) learning.
The article deals with the issue of improvement of modern approaches in organization of educational process in higher education institutions of Ukraine. Based on the experience of foreign and Ukrainian scientists was the introduction of elements of distance learning for training of teachers of Informatics. The basic concepts are analyzed distance learning, compared with traditional forms of education.
The advantages and disadvantages of using the remote control system are considered training on the basis of Melitopol state pedagogical University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Based on experience, various aspects are described the use of SDN in professional activities. Much attention is paid to authorization of students in the LMS and online course. Work is considered in edit mode, which allows you to make a variety of edits to the VTS. It registration of new listeners in the system and creation of new categories, subcategories, courses, development of lecture, practical material, work with a forum that allows course participants to communicate with the teacher and with the other listener. Learning process using distance learning technologies based on distance learning classes in synchronous or asynchronous modes.
Software for analyzing the probability of collisions of birds with rotors of wind electrical installations
Authors: Osadchyi Viacheslav , Yeremieiev Volodymyr , Osadcha Kateryna
Published: December 2018

The program "Birds" has been developed for analyzing the risks of bird collisions with turbines of wind power stations. The mathematical model of the program is based on the recommendations of the Scottish Natural Heritage Foundation. The source database contains the necessary information in relation to the operating conditions of the wind farm "Primorsk-1", which is supposed to be built on the coast of the Azov Sea in the Zaporizhia region. If necessary, the user can enter his own values and get results on the interaction of birds with wind turbine rotors on the following indicators: bird flight time through the rotor space, probability of collision of one individual with the turbine, depending on its flight characteristics and parameters of the wind electrical installation, number of bird collisions at a given time interval. The program was tested using the example of calculating the number of collisions of birds with rotors during one year of operation of the Primorsk-1 wind park. It is shown that the probability of a collision of one bird with the rotor depends little on its geometric dimensions and is in the range of 11-15%. The total number of collisions of all birds on the territory of the wind farm will be 6,4 birds, which corresponds to 0.25 individuals per turbine. Most of this amount (about 4.8) refers to two species: Merops apiaster and Larus ridibundus.
THE EFFECT OF NUMBER OF MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS, INDEPENDENT COMMISSIONERS, AUDIT COMMITTEE AND OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE UPON THE EXTENT OF CSR DISCLOSURE
Authors: Fauzyyah Raphita , Rachmawati Sistya
Published: December 2018

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of corporate governance that affect the level of Corporate Social Reponsibility (CSR) disclosure in the firms that have business operations in the manufacturing field in Indonesia. Characteristics of the corporate governance used in this study are the number of meetings conducted by the board directors, independent commissioners, audit committee, managerial along with foreign that have ownership, and ownership concentration. The level of work on CSR disclosure was measured by using company’s social disclosure index (or later will be referred to as CSDI) based on standard used, namely Global Reporting Initiative (or later to be discussed as GRI) which will report standard items and then disclose the items in the firm’s annual report. This study also used the levels of the firm’s board commissioners, the composition or arrangement of women in the board, public along with institution ownership, and the control variables of this study was environment performance. The populations used in this study were firms that run business in the manufacture fieldwork sector that registered in Indonesian Stock Exchange (or known as IDX) in the 2014-2017. This disquisition using the method sampling purposive, the total population was reduced to 88 annual reports of firms that run mining business to be sampled in this research. The technique of data analysis used multiple regression method to determine whether there are relationship owned by the characteristics of corporate governance with CSR disclosure. The conclusion of the disquistion showed that composition of managerial ownership does not have significant and positive influence on the extent or level of CSR. The outcomes of the investigations also show that the two control variables have a significant influence on the extent or level of CSR.Key words:  audit committee, corporate social responsibility, ownership structure, board characteristics, composition of women on board, and environment performance
استعمال أنموذج (Altman) للإفلاس دالة لقياس الأداء دراسة تطبيقية في بعض الشركات المساهمة الخاصة العراقية
Authors: الجبوري نصيف جاسم
Published: December 2018

يعد قياس الأداء العنصر الأساسي في نظم الرقابة الأدارية، وضع الخطط وأتخاذ القرارات السليمة يتطلب معلومات حول تقويم أداء الوحات الفرعية للمنظمة، ولكي يكون تقويم الأداء فعال فأنه يتطلب استخدام مقاييس للأداء مركبة (مالية وغير مالية)، كذالك يجب أن يكون محفزا للمديرين والمستخدمين في مختلف المستويات داخل المنظمة لتحقيق أهدافها.

أن استخدام أنموذج (Altman) للأفلاس كمقياس مركب للأداء. أذ من خلاله يمكن قياس وتقويم اداء المنظمة بواسطة ربط مجموعة من المتغيرات بأعطاءها أوزان تمثل الأهمية النسبية لكل متغير للوصول الى دالة الأداء االتمييزي.

دفعت المراجعة النظرية للدراسات السابقة البحث الحالي، الى البحث في موضوع قياس الأداء لأهمية هذا الموضوع، أذ أعتمد البحث على ألية الربط الموضوعي بين الأداء النظري لقياس وتقويم الأداء وبين الأطار التطبيقي من خلال أستخدام أنموذج مقترح ألآ وهو أنموذج  altman للأفلاس كمقياس مركب للأداء.

وتتلخص مشكلة البحث بأن أستخدام مقياس أداء مالي أو غير مالي منفرد لا يعطي صورة واضحة لقياس الأداء، وأن أستخدام مقياس مركب يمكن من قياس الأداء بشكل موضوعي.

وبهدف البحث الى تطبيق مقياس مقترح مركب للاداء الآ وهو أنموذج altman للأفلاس.

يتكون البحث من ثلاثة فصول، أذ خصص الأول منها لعرض مفهوم الاداء وقياسه وركز الثاني على تطبيق الأنموذج المقترح على الشركات المبحوثة، في حين تطرق الثالث الى الاستنتاجات والتوصيات.
سلوك السائح ودوره في تحديد النمط السياحي
Authors: سالم سالم حميد
Published: December 2018

المقدمة

تعد السياحة احد مستلزمات الحضارة الحديثة لما تفرزه من آثار ايجابية ودور متميز في دعم الاقتصاد الوطني وتقليل نسبة البطالة وتنشيط الحركة التجارية بين البلدان، اذ لا يمكن ان نتصور وجود بلد متحضر بلا فنادق ولا سياحة وتقديم مختلف السلع والخدمات سياحية التي يمكن ان تسبع الحاجات والرغبات واذواق السياح من خلال  وجود منشآت سياحية تعكس النمط السياحي القائم على اختلاف انواعها ويمكن ان تشبع ميول ورغبات السياح وفق ما يرغبونه ويطمحون الى تحقيقه ،وعلى اساس ذلك نجد دولا تهتم بخط سياحي معين اعتمادا على البيئة السياحية المميزة لها وذلك لامتلاكها مقومات الجذب سواء كانت طبيعية ام حضارية او شواهد تارخية ما وهكذا يمكننا القول ان صناعة السياحة كانت وما تزال في تطور مستمر يسير على قدم وساق مع باقي الصناعات الاخرى.

ومن هنا تبدوا الحاجة الى فهم الكثير من العوامل المهمة ذات الارتباط المباشر بحركة السياحة ويكون السائح العامل الرئيس ياعتباره هدف السياحة ووسيلتها مما يتطلب زيادة الوعي باهمية المعلومات المتكاملة عن السياح من حيث الحاجات والرغبات والاذواق التي تنعكس في سلوكياته.

ان دراسة سلوكية السائح حساسة جدا لارتباطها بمستقبل صناعة السياحة من اجل المحافظة على العلامة التجارية للمرفق السياحي وضمان استمرار تدفق السياح الى المنطقة السياحية والنمط السياحي فضلا عن العوامل الاخرى المؤثرة في سلوكية السائح، وهذا ما يجعل السائح ينظر الى النمط السياحي باكثر من نظرة وفكرة لكي يحصل على مبتغاه امام المتغيرات المتعددة في النمط السياحي والتي غالبا ما توجه سلوكية السائح وتجذبه اليها.
المشاريع المائية التركية في حوضي دجلة والفرات.. الأهداف والنوايا
Authors: حداد حامد عبيد
Published: December 2018

تعد تركيا نهري دجلة والفرات نهرين وطنيين ولا تعدهما نهريين دوليين، لذا تؤكد بأن لها حق السيادة المطلقة على مواردهما المائية، بحيث لا ينبغي أن تخلق السدود التي تبنيها على النهرين مشكلات دولية.وبدراسة كل المعاهدات والقواعد الدولية في هذا المجال نجد انها تدافع عن حق جميع الدول المتشاطئة في استخدام مياهها الدولية دون أي أعتبار لنظرية الحق الاقليمي المطلق.                                                                                               

وقد شرعت تركيا خلال الثمانينيات من القرن الماضي في تنفيذ مشاريعها المائية مُبتدئة بمشروع جنوب شرق الأناضول (الغابGAP )   الذي يُعد أحد أكبر المشاريع طموحاً في العالم وفي تركيا، وهو في الاساس من أفكار سليمان ديميريل رئيس الوزراء التركي ورئيس الجمهورية الأسبق.أن نضوج فكرة المشروع كانت في نهاية السبعينيات من الفرن الماضي، رغم ان خطة انشاء سد (كيبان) على الفرات في تركيا كانت قبل ذلك بكثير. يتضمن مشروع ( الغاب)13مشروعاً رئيساً، منها 7 مشاريع ضمن حوض الفرات، و6 مشاريع ضمن حوض نهر دجلة، ويتضمن المشروع انشاء 22 سداُ مع 19 محطة كهرومائية.

ثم أتبعت تركيا مشروع ( الغاب) بمشروع مياه (أنابيب السلام)، الذي بدأ التخطيط له واعداد الدراسات الاولية له عام 1986. ويُعد المشروع المذكور أحد المواضيع الحساسة والمؤثرة في العلاقات العربية-التركية بوجه عام، وسيسهم هذا المشروع في حالة تنفيذه (كما تزعم تركيا) في أزالة الكثير من المشاكل المائية والزراعية والتنموية لدول المنطقة.

يعمل مشروع (أنابيب السلام) على توجيه جزء من مياه تركيا الى دول الشرق الاوسط والخليج العربي عبر خطين من الانابيب، الاول (خط غربي) يصل طوله الى 2700 كيلو متر، والثاني (خط شرقي او خط الخليج) ويصل طوله الى 3900 كيلو متر. وتواجه هذا المشروع الكثير من الصعوبات والعقبات التي حالت دون تنفيذ المشروع.

ترمي تركيا من وراء اقامة مشاريعها المائية: (الغابGAP )، و(أنابيب السلام ) الى تحقيق جملة أهداف: اقتصادية وسياسية وأمنية واستراتيجية.

ومن طبيعة واهداف مشاريع تركيا المائية يتضح بأنها تسعى لأن تكون قوة اقتصادية وسياسية على حساب مصلحة الدول المتشاطئة معها في نهري دجلة والفرات، وتصر على نهجها في تنفيذ برامجها المائية، بالرغم من الاعتراضات عليها من قبل العراق وسوريا بصفتهما دولتين متضررتين.
العولمة الاقتصادية تكيف رأسمالي مع مرحلة جديدة من التطور
Authors: صالح ربيع خلف , حسن خميس محمد
Published: December 2018

ان تتبع تاريخ الانظمة الاجتماعية يقدم لنا دليلا ناجعا على ان انهيار تلك الانظمة انما جاء اما بسبب ركود ما بعد النضوج او نتيجة لعدم واقعية القاعدة الفكرية المؤدية الى انهيارها الفاجيء. في حين نجد ان الرأسمالية تمكنت من تفادي العطبين الفكريين المذكورين كونها تمثل نظاما ديناميكيا يمتلك آليات التكيف المناسبة ويحسن استخدامها في الوقت المناسب. لقد افرزت العولمة (كأحدى آليات التكيف الراسمالي ) اهدافها ووسائلها الخاصة في اطار عمل الشركات المتعددة الجنسية المتناغم مع الحكومات الراسمالية التي وظفت المنظمات الدولية لاعادة هيكلة الاقتصاد العالمي (المتقدم والنامي) لخدمة تلك الاهداف, الامر الذي يسر للعولمة لعب دور الريادة في تحقيق التكيف داخل المنظومة الراسمالية عبر اليات تمثلت في الادوات المادية والنوعية والتقنية والفكرية والمؤسسية التي وظفتها لانجازات التكيف.
رأس المال النفسي الايجابي (منظور فكري في المكونات والمرتكزات الجوهرية للبناء والتطوير)
Authors: حمود سعد علي , ابراهيم ابراهيم خليل
Published: December 2018

يهدف هذا البحث إلى استكشاف مفهوم رأس المال النفسي الايجابي الذي تم استقدامه من علم النفس الايجابي وتطبيقه في موقع العمل. وقد ظهر رأس المال النفسي الايجابي كونه امتداد لأنواع أخرى من رأس المال مثل رأس المال البشري ورأس المال الاجتماعي. ويعرف رأس المال النفسي الايجابي بأنه الحالة النفسية الايجابية للفرد القابلة للتطوير. ويتضمن أربعة تركيبات رئيسة هي (الكفاءة الذاتية، والتفاؤل، والأمل، والمرونة). وحظي كل من المكونات الأربعة ببحث وتنظير كبيرين، والذي يمكن أن يسهم في تطوير نتائج نظرية متكاملة للمفهوم. إلا إن التأثيرات التحفيزية لهذه المكونات وهي مشتركة ستكون أوسـع وأكبر من تأثير أياً منها وهو منفرد. واعتمد البحث المنهج الوصفي من خلال دراسة وتحليل المراجع المتعلقة بالموضوع، ومن ثم قدم مجموعة من الاستنتاجات والمقترحات الإجرائية والتي يمكن أن تعد مساراً لتحفيز منظماتنا وقادتها لتبني هذا الموضوع وعدّه جزء من ثقافاتهم.
بعض الخيارات السلوكية المتاحة أمام القيادات الإدارية وأثرها في إدارة الإحباط الوظيفي للعاملين "دراسة لأراء عينة من رؤوساء الأقسام والشعب في معمل سمنت بادوش الجديد"
Authors: خليف سلطان احمد
Published: December 2018

تمثل الخيارات السلوكية المتاحة لدى القيادات الإدارية احد المتطلبات الأساسية لإدارة أية إرهاصات نفسية أو معضلات إداريه تعترض سبيل العاملين في ميدان العمل وقد تنوعت هذه الخيارات حتى إنها اتخذت عدة أنواع مما أسهم في تركها تأثيرات متباينة بشأن التخفيف من وطأة تلك المعضلات، الأمر الذي حدا بالباحث الى إثارة مشكلة الدراسة في إطار تساؤل فحواه ما مدى الإسهام الذي تبديه الخيارات السلوكية المعتمدة لدى القيادات الإدارية في إدارة حالات الإحباط الوظيفي للعاملين في الموقع ميدان الدراسة وفي ذلك إشارة إلى أهمية بيان الهدف الرئيس لها ممثلاً بتحديد الأثر الذي تمليه الخيارات السلوكية في إدارة الإحباط الوظيفي للعاملين في معمل سمنت بادوش الجديد ضمن عينة من رؤوساء الأقسام والشعب، وقد تم اعتماد عدد من الأساليب الإحصائية منها (التكرارات، النسب المئوية، الانحرافات المعيارية، الارتباط، الانحدار).

وفي ضوء ذلك فقد توصلت الدراسة إلى عدد من الاستنتاجات أهمها وجود تأثير للخيارات السلوكية المعتمدة من قبل القيادات الإدارية في إدارة حالات الإحباط الوظيفي للعاملين، الأمر الذي دفع الباحث الى الخروج بعدة مقترحات أبرزها ضرورة تفعيل الخيارات السلوكية كنسيج متكامل بغية احتواء أية حالات إحباطية في العمل.