bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Keragaman Arthropoda Herbivora dan Musuh Alami Pada Tanaman Padi Lahan Rawa di Rowopulo Kecamatan Gumukmas Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Adnan Muflih , . Wagiyana
Published: June 2020

Rowopulo is one of the swamps in Gumukmas, Jember Regency with its unique soil in the form of peat soil that floats on water and by the community used for rice cultivation whose production is influenced by the presence of Plant Pests (OPT) which is dominated by the Herbivod Arthropods. The presence of herbivorous Arthropods in the swampland rice ecosystem can be suppressed by the presence of useful Arthropod populations such as predators, parasitoids and pollinators. Related to this, a study was conducted with the aim to find out the diversity of Arthropods found in swampy rice plantations. The study began with a land survey, then the determination and marking of observation plots on the map and matching these locations using GPS (Global Positioning System). Observations were made on plots that were made based on the extent of rice plants that were still in one stretch and the same irrigation flow. Each plot was observed 10 times at 7-day intervals from rice plants aged 14 days after 77 days after planting. Arthropod sampling using sweep net method. Catching arthropods are put into vials of 5 ml size and then identified up to family level and the diversity, evenness and wealth index of the species is calculated. The results of research on swamp rice plants contained 37 families. 10 families act as herbivorous Arthropods, 15 families as predators, 6 families as parasitoids, 1 family as pollinators and 5 families as detritivores. The highest diversity index in plot 1 was 2.95, while the lowest in plot 2 was 2.70 with the medium category for all observation plots. The magnitude of the diversity index is due to the dominance of only a few orders, such as Orthoptera and Diptera; the highest species wealth index in plot 3 with a value of more than 4 in the high category; Evenness index of all observation plots has a value of less than one with uneven categories.
Efektivitas Pelapisan Benih (Seed Coating) Berbahan Aktif Cendawan Antagonis Untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Rebah Kecambah (Damping Off) Kacang Tanah
Authors: Putri Sukma Karina , Majid Abdul
Published: June 2020

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the strategic commodities in agriculture that is widely used as food and oil preparations. The constraint in the production of peanut is the Slclerotium rolfsii Sacc attack which causes a loss of 40-75%. Alternative control that using the antagonist Trichoderma harzianum with coating techniques. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of T. harzianum with coating techniques in suppressing S. rolfsii and their effect on seed viability. This research was carried out at the Plant Protection Laboratory and at Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember With the research design used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design. Consisting of 2 factors. The result showed that P2W1 (Kaolin and 1-week storage) effectively controlled S. rolfsii with an effectiveness value of 61,7% extending the 12 days after inoculations for incubation period, being able to maintain a better population of biological agents, 30 % severity, 100 % of viability, dry weight 11,74 grams, and 49,98 % or incidence.
Aplikasi Herbisida Berbahan Aktif Campuran Atrazin-Mesotrion dan Paraquat dalam Pengendalian Gulma pada Pertanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Lolitasari Rima Esa , Hasjim Saifuddin
Published: June 2020

Corn in cultivation is inseparable from several other organism disorder s that can inhibit or reduce that productivity. One of the disorders is caused by weeds. Application of herbicides with active ingredients on the mixture of atrazine-mesotrion, and paraquat which is applied to corn plants has its own effect on corn plants if it is applied not according to the time or recommended dosage. The experimental design used,  namely  Randomized Completely Block  Design (RCBD)  with 6  treatments and  4  replications, namely  P0  (control or uncontrolled), P1 (manual weeding 21 hst and 42 hst), P2 (Application of atrazine a nd mesotrione dose of 1.5 l / ha 21 hst), P3 (Application of paraquat dose 1 l / ha 21 hst), P4 (Application of atrazine and mesotrione dosage 1.5 l / ha 21 hst and 42 hst), P5 (Application of paraquat dose 1 l / ha 21 hst and 42 hst). The results showed that the use of herbicides with active ingredients atrazine, mesotrione, and paraquat had been able to effectively reduce the biomass of broad-leaf weeds and grasses. The use of the paraquat active ingredient applied at 21 hst showed the highest phytotoxicity symptoms in weeds and in maize plants. The use of two active ingredients of herbicide, manual weeding and control had no effect on plant height, growth rate, cob length, ear circumference, and had effect on shell weight.
Potensi Bacillus spp. sebagai Agen Biokontrol untuk Menekan Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Suwarno Setiadi Jitendhriyawan , Masnilah Rachmi
Published: June 2020

Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum, is a disease that often attacks melon plants. F. oxyporum is a fungus that infects through the roots and clogs vascular vessels in plants and causes plants to wither with necrotic symptoms. Bacillus spp as a biological agent capable of controlling fusarium wilt by antibiotic mechanism. Bacillus spp obtained was then carried out by testing to determine its potential as a biological recognition agent. This research was carried out starting from the isolation of F. oxysporum, isolation and inoculation of Bacillus spp., Gram test, hypersensitivity test using tobacco plants, to calculate the intensity of attacks and analyze. The study was conducted with 5 treatments namely control, F. oxysporum without Bacillus spp., F. oxysporum with isolates BJM4, BJM5, and BJM9. The results showed that BJM5 isolates can suppress fusarium wilt disease with a disease severity value of 23.75%, the lowest compared to all treatments applying Bacillus spp. this was also shown by the results of antagonistic tests on PDA media that BJM5 isolates could suppress F. oxysporum fungi by 0.6 or 60%.
AN OVERVIEW OF ISLAMIC LAW AGAINST BUYING AND SELLING SAND-LAND WITH A LIBERATION SYSTEM
Authors: Misbach Mochammad Nuril , Ryandono Muhammad Nafik Hadi , Prasetyo Ari
Published: June 2020

Buying and selling as a meant to get goods easily, one could exchange money with goods he needed the seller. Of course with the value agreed upon by both parties. The law of buying and selling were permissible basically, It was meaning that every Muslim in earning a living could by meant of buying and selling. The aim was to describing and analyzing the perspective of Islamic law about buying and selling Sand-Land with a systems slash of case studying Mount Wurung with the views of Islamic law. The research was used qualitative method with descriptive analysis. According to Madzhab of Imam Hanafi allowed the buying and selling which contained a little gharar because the buying and selling had been estimated based on experience that was close to truth and buying and selling including buying and selling named jizaf, whereas according to Madzhab of Imam Syafi'i was not permitted because there was potential gharar which allowed each of them had a loss or profit.
THE IMPACT OF TOURISM ON ECONOMIC IN NORTH SULAWESI: INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Siswahto Eko , Muryani Muryani
Published: June 2020

The North Sulawesi Tourism Sector is a tourism rising star in Indonesia with a 600% growth of foreign tourists visiting North Sulawesi. The growth of tourists will encourage the growth of tourist expenditure which will have an impact on the economy. Research on the impact of tourism on the economy has been carried out. In general, research on the economic impact of tourism activities uses a sector approach related to tourism economic activities such as hotels, restaurants, transportations, and recreational activities sectors. This study uses an approach by forming the tourism sector independently to obtain the results of a more accurate calculation and analysis of the economic impact of the tourism sector.  Input-Output Analysis is used as an instrument of linking and multiplier analysis of outputs and incomes of the people of North Sulawesi in 2018.  Linkage analysis (forward and backward linkage) shows that the tourism sector in the economy of North Sulawesi is a key sector.  The output multiplier and income multiplier are created by tourist expenditure in 2018 are 1.83 for the multiplier output and 1.88 for the multiplier income. With a tourist expenditure of 4.56 trillion rupiahs in 2018, it will create an economic output of 8.38 trillion rupiahs and create an income of 1.28 trillion rupiah. Keywords: Tourism, Economic Impact, North Sulawesi, Multiplier Analysis, Input-Output AnalysisJEL Classification: C67, R11, Z32
POLITIK LOKAL VERSUS GLOBAL SEKSUALITAS DAN GENDER PERDEBATAN DI ERA POST-SOEHARTO
Authors: Muttaqin Farid
Published: June 2020

Gender dan seksualitas adalah variabel penting dalam membentuk politikIndonesia baik di masa orde baru maupun era reformasi. Di masa orde barudi bawah kepemimpinan Presiden Soeharto, gender dan seksualitas terutamadikontrol oleh negara melalui peraturan seperti UU No. 1 Tahun 1974Tentang Perkawinan. Aturan tersebut mengatur tentang gender apa saja yangdiakui negara dan bagaimana peran gender yang harus dilakukan masingmasinggender, serta orientasi seksual apa dan perilaku seks apa yang diakuioleh negara. Sementara itu, di era reformasi, kelompok agama khususnyadari komunitas Muslim yang memainkan peran lebih banyak dalam politikgender dan seksualitas. Di bawah konteks politik tertentu baik di tingkatnasional terutama terkait gerakan reformasi maupun di tingkat globalterutama pasca 9/11, dan konteks perkembangan akademis dalam isyuseksualitas, saya menemui adanya kontestasi politik gender dan seksualitasdalam kerangka lokal versus global
MEMAHAMI TEORI QUEER DI BUDAYA POPULER INDONESIA: PERMASALAHAN DAN KEMUNGKINAN
Authors: Maimunah Maimunah
Published: June 2020

Artikel ini membahas tentang kemunculan istilah “queer” dalam konteksbudaya barat dan non barat. Dengan mengeksplorasi sejarah yangmemunculkan istilah tersebut, analisis berpusat pada perkembangan queersebagai reformulasi identitas politik gay dan lesbian dan sebagai kerangkakonseptual baru untuk analisis kultural. Dari eksplorasi terhadap representasikarakter queer dalam film Asia dan penggunaan teori film queer olehilmuwan film Asia, pembahasan dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa teoriqueer menolak pemahaman yang monolitik dan universal tentang seksualitasmanusia. Teori queer lebih terbuka pada eksplorasi kekhususan budaya dankeanekaragaman
MASKULINITAS DAN PRAKTIK TANGKAP LEPAS DALAM MEMANCING: SEBUAH KAJIAN TERHADAP SPORTFISHING
Authors: Putra Gesang Manggala
Published: June 2020

The absence of legal regulation in fishing activities has brought Indonesian waters to a serious degradation, especially in the population of game fish. The most reasonable solution to this problem is performing Catch and Release (CnR). However, very little has been explored regarding the activity of fishing and CnR in Indonesia. This study aims to identify masculinity traits in sportfishing as a masculine act. Furthermore, the result will hopefully be useful in designing an effective campaign for CnR. This study employs qualitative method to discover how sportfishing is produced and consumed, formulate the meaning of sportfishing to Indonesian anglers, and identify masculinity traits in the enactment and involvement of this activity. The study concludes that sportfishing is the new hegemonic masculinity, replacing the previous conventional fishing. It is a masculine bloc that inherits classic masculine traits and combines them with aspects of femininity, resulting in a new adaptive model of masculinity that sustains the patriarchal dominance toward subordinate masculinity and women.
“COWOK BE GENTLE” : MASKULINITAS MAHASISWA LAKI-LAKI MUSLIM DI SURABAYA
Authors: Wulan Nur
Published: June 2020

This article discusses about ideal masculine norms perceived by University male Muslim students in Surabaya. There are two groups of male students interviewed in this research, namely students affiliated with the Dakwah movement and those who are not affiliated with the movement. The two groups share similar forms of ideal masculinity which are associated with restraint and maturity, not those related with muscularity and virility. This could be influenced by the contemplative and receptive dimension of Islam, as well as the paternalistic culture of Indonesian societies. It could be argued that restraint is an important feature of Indonesian masculinities.
MENGURAI MAKNA KEMACETAN IBUKOTA Dekonstruksi Wajah Kemacetan Jakarta Dalam Teks Koran Tempo.co “Ahok: Mobil Mewah Boleh Lewat Jalur Transjakarta, Asal…”
Authors: Murti Ghanesa Hari
Published: June 2020

Analisa wajah kemacetan Jakarta dalam Koran Tempo.co “Ahok: Mobil Mewah Boleh Lewat Jalur Transjakarta, Asal…” merupakan upaya selebrasi pembacaan. Dekonstruksi sebagai cara baca menelanjangi teks mampu mengidentifikasi teks yang terpusat, final dan tertutup mampu dirayakan pemaknaannya. Konsep undecideable mempertontonkan bahwa rezim makna dan penyikapan kemacetan begitu ambigu, kabur sehingga memungkinkan untuk dijungkirbalikan secara hierarki metafisis yang menyimpan upaya penundukan. Differance hadir untuk menunda makna kemacetan yang sudah mapan dan penuh kepentingan nilai ekonomi politis, golongan, kelas, serta delusi kebaikan hati pemangku kuasa. Makna menjadi tersebar, meniadakan pusat dan memungkinkan terjadinya disemenasi sekaligus decentering dalam teks. Di sini, makna tidak lagi final tapi selalu menuju, mengada, berlari dan berkejaran menuju penanda-penanda.
BUDAYA TELEVISI DI INDONESIA: Wacana dan Kepentingan Ideologis dari Dua Periode
Authors: Setiawan Ikhwan
Published: June 2020

This article deals with the discussion of cultural discourses in Indonesian televisions, from the New Order until the Reformation period. Applying Foucauldian and Gramscian theory as the primary framework and media theory as the supporting framework in reading some discursive constructions in television programs, I argue that there is discursive transformation in cultural discourses from the two periods that intertwines with politico-ideological interest negotiated by the regimes; Soeharto’s leadership in the former and capitalist class of television industries in the later. By reading some dominant programs in general, I found two dominant cultural discourses. The first is modernity colored by some communal values—i.e. integrity and harmony—in the midst of the New Order period. By such construction, the regime may negotiate and secure its politico-ideological interest, particularly for succeeding the national development as a definite way to establish hegemonic power operation. The second is various cultural discourses—including traditional, religious, and metropolitan values—represented by private televisions as the reflection of freedom spirit in the midst of society which is incorporated by capitalist class. There is a transformation of cultural discourses marked by principle of flexibility in which some residual cultures articulated in modern atmosphere with newer-invested meanings. Such condition intertwines with the changing of the leading class formation in the midst of neoliberal system. The state regime still becomes the ruling class which controls political and administrative affairs, but the capitalist class takes the leading position which drives people’s imagination, orientation, and praxis.
OBJEKTIFIKASI PEREMPUAN DAN TUBUH: WACANA TUBUH PEREMPUAN DALAM LIRIK LAGU DANGDUT POPULER TAHUN 2000-2013
Authors: Lahdji Rima Firdaus
Published: June 2020

This research aims to (1) to find women body construction on popular dangdut stories on 2000-2013 and (2) to understand the meaning and discourse on popular dangdut stories on 2000-2013. This study applied Sara Mills discourse analysis which focuses on subject-object position, audience position and gender on the texts.This research uses qualitative-descriptive methods and aims to understand phenomena, discourse and description which is shown by words and language on popular dangdut stories. The result of this research shows women body on dangdut stories become viewing objects and sexual objects. Popular dangdut stories from 2000-2013 shows that women still become second position and object for men. The changing and shifting on women body construction can’t be released from men position and domination. As object viewing, parts of women body which constructed are hip and butt.  Meanwhile, as sexual object, parts of women body which constructed are “vagina” with neglecting of virginity. Even though, ideology and discourse on dangdut stories also served as a mechanism to explain the involvement of women on the oppression of themselves.
MENEBAR BENIH KEBENCIAN MELALUI VISUALISASI ‘BANCI’ KARTUN BENNY DAN MICE
Authors: Christianna Aniendya
Published: June 2020

Cartoon with its concise, simple and attractive characteristic allows the reader to digest the ideas of the cartoonist. As one of the products of mass media, a cartoon is never neutral and value-free, it oftenly carries an ideology. Culture and the domination of an ideology contribute to the production process of the symbols that are articulated in a cartoon. This qualitative research used a methodology of critical study based on image-based research, which reveals the visual image as a research foundation. In the process of interpretation, the researchers are conducting a dialect with the text as an object. Then analyze it so that it becomes cohesive. After that, it could obtaine a relative reality. Benny and Mice cartoon implicitly states that heterosexuals are the 'normal' sex relationships. Beyond that, is a deviation. Deserves to be blamed, humiliated even ridiculed. Benny and Mice cartoon show that transsexual / transvestite / transgender as a source of fear. The package of it pictorial and verbal language wrapped in hyperbole and joke, and becomes the 'seeds' of homophobia amid the hegemony of heterosexual community.
KONSTRUKSI GENDER DI PESANTREN (STUDI KUALITATIF PADA SANTRIWATI DI PESANTREN NURUL UMMAH MOJOKERTO)
Authors: Laksono Puji
Published: June 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami konstruksi gender diantara para santriwati Pesantren Nurul Ummah Mojokerto. Studi ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori konstruksi sosial dari Peter L. Berger dan Thomas Luckmann. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa (1) Konstruksi gender diantara santriwati bisa dikategorikan menjadi 3, pertama santriwati modernis yang menilai bahwa semua pekerjaan itu ideal untuk laki-laki maupun perempuan. Kedua, kategori santriwati modernis-tradisionalis yang menilai tidak semua pekerjaan ideal untuk laki-laku dan perempuan. Tetapi mereka tidak mempertanyakan adanya pertukaran peran antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam batas tertentu. Ketiga, kategori santriwati tradisionalis, kategori ini tidak setuju dengan pertukaran peran antara laki-laki dan perempuan. (2) Pandangan terhadap kesetaraan gender diantara santriwati, beberapa setuju dan tidak setuju. Pertama santriwati modernis dan tradisionalis-modernis setuju dengan kesetaraan gender. Kedua, kategori santriwati tradisionalis tidak setuju dengan kesetaraan gender.Kata-kata kunci: Konstruksi Gender, Pesantren, Santriwati. Abstracts: The purpose of this research is to understand the gender construction among santriwati Pesantren Nurul Ummah Mojokerto. This study uses qualitative methods. The theory used is the social construction theory of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann. The results showed that (1). Gender construction among santriwati can be categorized into 3, first modernist santriwati who judge that all work is ideal for men and women. Secondly, the traditionalist-modernist santriwati category, which assesses not all the ideal work for men and women. But they do not question if there is a role exchange between men and women within certain limits. Thirdly, the traditionalist santriwati category, this category does not agree with the role exchange between men and women. (2). A view of gender equality among santriwati, some agree and disagree. First, the modernist and traditionalist-modernist santriwati agree with gender equality. Second, the traditionalist santriwati category does not agree with gender equality. Keywords: Gender Construction, pesantren, santriwati.
KONTESTASI PEREMPUAN ARAB MASAIKH BANGIL DALAM PERNIKAHAN ANTAR ETNIS
Authors: Fatimah Fatimah , Thalib Amirah Anis
Published: June 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi perempuan Arab Masaikh Bangil pada pernikahan antar etnis yang telah dilakukannya. Studi ini berfokus pada perempuan Arab Masaikh Bangil yang arena masyarakat Arabnya termasuk mayoritas serta memiliki hegemoni yang kuat akan doksa dalam  sistem pernikahan perempuan Arab. Faktanya, peneliti menemukan dua perempuan Arab Masaikh yang dianggap melakukan perlawanan terhadap doksa pernikahan perempuan Arab dengan menikahi pria dari etnis Jawa. Dengan menggunakan konsep kontestasi simbolik yang dikenalkan oleh Pierre Bourdieu, ditemukan bahwa kedua perempuan tersebut menggunakan strategi akumulasi modal sosial dan kultural diantaranya guna memenangkan pertaruhan. Namun, akumulasi modal tersebut ternyata tidak cukup untuk menempatkan posisi kedua perempuan tersebut untuk memenangkan pertaruhan. Oleh karenanya, ditemukan bahwa kedua perempuan tersebut ternyata juga mengikuti aturan otonomisasi arena kultural Arab masyarakat Bangil untuk mendapatkan kapital simbolik. Lebih jauh, kedua perempuan tersebut dapat pula dikatakan mengikuti arus aturan permainan dan tidak berhasil melakukan perlawanan.Kata-Kata Kunci: Kontestasi Simbolik, Perempuan Arab Masaikh Bangil, Pernikahan Antar Etnis, Pierre Bourdieu Abstract: This research aims to examine the strategies of Masaikh Arabian Women in Bangil in terms of their inter-ethnic marriages. This study focuses on Masaikh Arabian Women in Bangil, since this arena has been known for having Arabian as majority as well as their strong hegemony toward the doxa of Arabian women marriage system. In fact, the researchers found two Masaikh Arabian Women who have known for their resistances toward the doxa by marrying a man from Javanese. By using the symbolic contestation introduced by Pierre Bourdieu, this study found that the strategies of both women concern on accumulating the social and cultural capitals to be used for gaining position in the arena. Yet, those accumulated capitals were not enough to gain a position and acknowledgement as well in the arena. Hence, it is found that both women have followed the autonomous rules of Bangil Arabian cultural arena by focusing on gaining the symbolic capital. Furthermore, both women were also found that they were not successful in opposing the system within the arena.Keywords: Symbolic Contestation, Bangil Masaikh Arabian Women, Inter-Ethnic Marriage, Pierre Bourdieu
MULTIPLISITAS IDENTITAS: PEMBACAAN DEKONSTRUKSI NOVEL CERITA CALON ARANG KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER
Authors: Prayuwono Adnan
Published: June 2020

Artikel ini mencoba melakukan pembacaan dekonstruksi atas novel Cerita Calon Arang karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer yang seringkali dimaknai secara hitam-putih dengan bineritas atas tokoh yang baik dan yang jahat. Melalui metode dekonstruksi yang meliputi serangkaian tahapan verbal, tahapan tekstual dan tahapan linguistik didapati sebuah multiplisitas pada diri tokoh Carita Calon Arang seperti Empu Baradah dan Calon Arang yang ternyata tidak sekedar baik dan buruk secara mutlak.
THE TALE TELLS: REVEALING MADURESE’S SACRED CULTURAL VALUES BEHIND MADURA’S FOLKTALE ENTITLED ASAL MULA SOMBHER TENGGUN
Authors: Maharani Dewi
Published: June 2020

A folktale entitled Asal Mula Sombher Tenggun (The Origin of Tenggun Spring) is a tale which grows and developes in Tenggun Village which is located in Klampis District, Bangkalan Regency - Madura. Analysis of intrinsic elements is used to reveal the values in the folklore through its theme, plot, character and characterization, while the emic approach which is conducted by interviewing local villagers is used to reveal more about cultural values of the story as well as the influence of the folklore on the views of life and habits of the local villagers. The cultural values contained in this folktale are the values of beliefs, patience values, philosophical values, and ethical and moral values that influence the life view of Tenggun Village residents in their daily lives, in worshiping Allah SWT, in respecting and serving leaders and parents and in treating other God's creatures such as animals and plants. This story is the reason behind the holding of annual ritual called Rokat Sombher which is held every year in the month of Muharram as a manifestation of gratitude to God for sustenance in the form of springs which remain a source of water to fulfill the needs of the people of Tenggun Village toward water.
FEMINISME DALAM POLITIK PADA CERPEN WAKYAT KARYA PUTU WIJAYA
Authors: Salsabila Suhailah Naili
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kritik sastra feminis untuk melihat adanya sikap feminis yang dapat mempengaruhi pemikiran tokoh-tokoh dalam cerpen Wakyat karya Putu Wijaya. Selain itu, untuk menjelaskan adanya peran feminis dalam politik mampukah membawa dampak yang lebih baik dalam dunia perpolitikan. Jadi, harapan peneliti mengenai penelitian melalui cerpen Wakyat karya Putu Wijaya menggunakan feminis dengan pendekatan semiotik dapat memberi warna baru dalam memandang karya Putu Wijaya, sehingga dapat menghasilkan penelitian yang baru melalui karya Putu Wijaya dengan analisis yang berbeda dan baru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian dokumen (library research). Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pedekatan ekspresif. Hasil yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini yaitu pergerakan feminis yang berupa emansipasi wanita tidak hanya berupa tindakan tapi juga perkataan, petanyaan, pernyataan yang dapat mengubah pemikiran orang lain untuk bergerak maju menunjukkan kebenaran dan kesetaraan.
L’ammoniac d’origine agricole : impacts sur la santé humaine et animale et sur le milieu naturel
Authors: PORTEJOIE S. , MARTINEZ J. , LANDMANN G.
Published: June 2020

Les émissions d’ammoniac sont à 95 % d’origine agricole, dont 80 % proviennent de l’élevage. L’ammoniac est un gaz irritant pouvant être incriminé dans l’apparition de certaines maladies (asthme, bronchites chroniques) chez les éleveurs et chez les animaux et également dans la diminution des performances zootechniques. Les retours de l’ammoniac à la biosphère se font sous forme sèche ou humide, soit à proximité du lieu d’émission, soit après avoir parcouru de longues distances notamment pour l’ammonium dont le temps de résidence dans l’air est plus long que celui de l’ammoniac. Ces retombées ont diverses conséquences : (1) sur les plantes, cela entraîne un déséquilibre dans leur alimentation et augmente leur fragilité vis-à-vis d’autres facteurs secondaires de stress ; (2) suivant les caractéristiques physico-chimiques des sols et des eaux cela débouchera, soit sur un enrichissement en azote, soit sur une acidification avec disparition de la faune et de la flore dans les cas extrêmes.
Qualité des produits biologiques d’origine animale
Authors: KOUBA M.
Published: June 2020

L’appellation biologique pour un produit garantit un mode de production selon la réglementation spécifique à l’agriculture biologique. Il existe en effet un Règlement Européen pour les Productions Animales Biologiques, appelé REPAB, dont l’application dans le droit français (en date du 24 août 2000) a fait l’objet de contraintes supplémentaires : c’est le CC REPAB F. Il existe une forte demande en produits biologiques dans les pays industrialisés. Il est par conséquent important de considérer à la fois les qualités nutritionnelle, organoleptique et hygiénique de ces produits. Cependant, une réelle comparaison avec des produits conventionnels est difficile car, par exemple, les techniques d’élevage biologique peuvent être différentes entre elles, et notamment utiliser des races différentes. Il existe peu de données publiées exploitables, et il n’y a pas de résultat montrant une réelle différence entre les produits animaux biologiques et les produits animaux conventionnels, en termes de qualités organoleptique et nutritionnelle. Les produits biologiques ont de plus faibles teneurs en résidus de substances vétérinaires médicamenteuses et de pesticides. L’appellation biologique donne également aux consommateurs l’assurance que les aliments n’ont pas été soumis à l’ionisation et l’utilisation des OGM est bannie dans le cadre de la réglementation de l’agriculture biologique. Mais l’agriculture biologique conduirait à un risque accru de contamination des produits d’origine animale par les microorganismes présents chez les animaux et dans leurs déjections. En résumé, selon les critères, les produits biologiques ont de moins bons ou de meilleurs résultats que les produits conventionnels.
La spectroscopie proche infrarouge et ses applications dans les industries de l’alimentation animale
Authors: BERTRAND D.
Published: June 2020

La spectroscopie proche infrarouge est très couramment utilisée dans un grand nombre d’industries et donne lieu à des applications analytiques très diverses. L’article présente, de manière synthétique, le principe de cette méthode analytique et ses applications dans les industries de l’alimentation animale. Les fondements théoriques de la spectroscopie vibrationnelle sont tout d’abord présentés simplement. Les principes de fonctionnement des spectromètres adaptés aux applications analytiques sont ensuite décrits. Les aspects statistiques de l’établissement d’un étalonnage sont également succinctement exposés. La dernière partie est consacrées aux applications analytiques : dosage des constituants majeurs des aliments, valeur de critères nutritionnels (digestibilité, énergie métabolisable) chez le monogastique et le ruminant.
Gestion génétique de la race bovine Bretonne Pie-Noire : bilan et perspectives
Authors: COLLEAU J.J. , QUEMERE P. , LARROQUE H. , SERGENT J. , WAGNER C.
Published: June 2020

La race bovine Bretonne Pie-Noire est l’une des douze races bovines actuellement en conservation en France. Son programme de sauvegarde remonte à 1976. Après avoir rappelé le contexte socio-économique correspondant à cette race et l’évolution des effectifs bovins impliqués, l’article présente les principes de la gestion génétique du plan de sauvegarde appliqués jusqu’en 2000 et les évolutions des critères habituels de variabilité génétique (parenté, consanguinité, nombre de lignées génétiques représentées). On présente les motivations et principes d’un nouveau plan de sauvegarde, qui devrait être plus efficace que l’ancien. Une extrapolation des tendances passées montre que ce dernier aurait généré en 2030 des coefficients de consanguinité moyens de l’ordre de 10-11 %. Des simulations du nouveau plan montrent qu’à la même date ces coefficients moyens seraient seulement de l’ordre de 4,5 à 5 %.
Adaptation des élevages de bovins allaitants. Références sur 10 ans (1989-1999) d’un groupe d’éleveurs du Limousin
Authors: LIENARD G. , LHERM M. , PIZAINE M.C. , LE MARECHAL J.Y. , BOUSSANGE B. , BELARD J.F.
Published: June 2020

L’étude présente l’évolution adaptative d’un échantillon constant d’exploitations d’élevage de bovins allaitants en race Limousine, sur 10 années. Cette période est particulièrement mouvementée, car elle comprend les quatre dernières années précédant la première réforme de la PAC, les trois années de sa mise en place, la première crise de l’ESB et les deux années de rétablissement qui suivirent. Cinq situations sont représentées dans l’échantillon : i/ des élevages Naisseurs vendant leurs veaux en broutards de 7 à 9 mois, et pour certains des reproducteurs mâles et femelles, ceci dans deux régions différant par l’altitude et les potentialités agronomiques, le Plateau de Millevaches (700-800 m) et la Moyenne Corrèze (300-600 m) - ii/ des Naisseurs engraissant la totalité de leurs bovins, mâles, génisses et vaches, dans des zones se prêtant mieux aux cultures et au maïs fourrage. L’étude est réalisée dans une optique de références, pouvant servir de repères pour le futur, déjà engagé par la mise en place de la deuxième réforme de la PAC (Agenda 2000) et l’irruption de la deuxième crise de l’ESB en octobre 2000, qui se prolonge.
L’analyse met en évidence l’excellente aptitude à la production de viande de la race, à la fois par sa bonne productivité en veaux et sa capacité à produire des bovins de boucherie d’âges très variés, dès 11 à 12 mois, ce qui permet des adaptations rapides aux changements de marché. L’étude montre aussi la grande diversité des systèmes de conduite possibles permettant la mise en valeur des territoires soit dans une optique d’occupation d’un espace menacé d’abandon - c’est le cas des zones d’altitude - soit dans un objectif de maintien d’un haut niveau d’emploi grâce à une intensification des troupeaux et des sols qui peut être menée avec des charges très contenues, sauvegardant une forte autonomie fourragère tout en restant éloigné des risques de pollution des eaux. La présentation des trajectoires d’évolution de chaque exploitation permet seule de mettre en lumière le rôle prépondérant des aspects humains et familiaux, notamment l’âge de l’éleveur et les perspectives de succession à plus ou moins long terme, pour les décisions de développement, la croissance des troupeaux, leur amélioration génétique, les investissements et l’endettement. L’adaptation au nouveau contexte créé par la deuxième réforme de la PAC et la deuxième crise de l’ESB est discutée, avec le maintien de l’installation des jeunes comme enjeu majeur pour l’avenir.
Génétique et adaptation des animaux d’élevage : introduction
Authors: BEAUMONT C. , ROUSSOT O. , MARISSAL-AVRY N. , MORMEDE P. , PRUNET P. , ROUBERTOUX P.
Published: June 2020

Face à la complexité de la mesure du bien-être des animaux, étudier la génétique des capacités d’adaptation des animaux à leurs conditions d’élevage ou leurs réponses de stress dans diverses situations peut apporter un premier élément de réponse à la question de l’importance de la génétique dans le bien-être des animaux. Mais ce type d’études soulève de nombreuses questions : les capacités d’adaptation ne peuvent se résumer à une seule mesure, le choix et l’interprétation des tests comportementaux et physiologiques sont délicats, notamment parce que les facteurs de variation des résultats sont très nombreux (milieu d’élevage, environnement social, expérience de l’animal, nature des stimuli…). De plus l’analyse génétique des données soulève souvent des questions méthodologiques. Les développements de la génomique permettront de préciser le rôle de la génétique dans ces caractères ainsi que de mieux comprendre la nature des liaisons entre différentes mesures des capacités d’adaptation. Mais elle ne permettront de s’affranchir ni de la question de l’interprétation des résultats ni de la prudence à avoir sur leur portée.
Génétique et adaptation : le point des connaissances chez les volailles
Authors: MIGNON-GRASTEAU S. , FAURE J.M.
Published: June 2020

De nombreuses études ont porté sur la génétique des capacités d’adaptation des oiseaux, qui ont été modifiées par la domestication, puis la sélection artificielle. Ces études comprennent des comparaisons entre lignées, des estimations de paramètres génétiques et des expériences de sélection. Elles portent sur de nombreux caractères, parmi lesquels le comportement sexuel, alimentaire ou social, la sensibilité au stress. Ces comportements liés aux capacités d’adaptation de l’animal sont généralement héritables, donc modifiables par sélection. De nombreuses expériences de sélection ont confirmé cette possibilité théorique, mais leur objectif a évolué avec le contexte des productions avicoles. En effet, si l’on a d’abord recherché à améliorer l’adaptation à un milieu donné, par exemple en diminuant les comportements de stéréotypie chez la poule en cage, la diversification des productions avicoles a entraîné une évolution des critères recherchés vers des capacités plus générales telles que la motivation sociale, des réactions de peur diminuées ou l’absence de comportements nuisibles tels que le picage. Ces caractères ne signent pas l’adaptation de l’animal à un milieu particulier, mais une bonne adaptabilité à divers milieux.
Génétique et adaptation comportementale chez les ruminants : perspectives pour améliorer le bien-être en élevage
Authors: BOISSY A. , LE NEINDRE P. , GASTINEL P.L. , BOUIX J.
Published: June 2020

La première partie de cet article montre chez les ruminants comment les facteurs génétiques peuvent sous-tendre les comportements qui participent à l’adaptation des animaux aux conditions d’élevage, à savoir les comportements sociaux, maternels et avec l’homme, et plus généralement les réponses émotionnelles. La possibilité d’intégrer des critères comportementaux dans les programmes de sélection en élevage de ruminants est alors avancée au-delà de leur simple prise en compte implicite dans les performances. La seconde partie de l’article discute les problèmes qui peuvent biaiser l’évaluation génétique des comportements et ainsi freiner l’intégration de caractéristiques comportementales dans de futurs schémas de sélection. Cela concerne à la fois le manque de validation dans les procédures expérimentales visant à évaluer les capacités réactionnelles des ruminants, la diversité des mécanismes qui sous-tendent les réponses comportementales, et les interactions entre facteurs génétiques et conditions environnementales qui réduisent la répétabilité des mesures comportementales, indispensable pour tenter de définir des caractéristiques réactionnelles stables. Enfin, une réflexion concernant les éventuelles conséquences des programmes actuels de sélection sur le bien-être des ruminants est également posée.
UNCOMMON CAUSE OF ACUTE MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA
Authors: Silva Luis Fernando Barbosa , Silva Viviane de Deus , Ferreira Larissa Mendonça , Oliveira João Guilherme Silva , Silva Silvio Alves
Published: June 2020

Acute mesenteric ischemia is not a common affection, it happens in 1 to 1,000 people in the United States. Acute mesenteric ischemia should always be one of the differential diagnoses for abdominal pain as it is difficult to diagnose and has very high mortality rates. Among its causes, the most uncommon remains the obstruction caused by displacement of atherosclerotic plaques. Therefore, the description of a case of acute mesenteric ischemia caused by detachment of a plaque in the thoracic aorta is contributing to academic field. The present case was treated by immediate exploratory laparotomy with resection of the distended segments and implantation of an endoprosthesis via femoral artery.

Keywords: Bile duct cancer. Epidemiology. Cholelithiasis. Anatomicopathological. Cholecystectomy.

RESUMO

A isquemia mesentérica aguda não é comum, atinge 1 a cada 1000 habitantes nos Estados Unidos. Por ser de difícil diagnóstico e de elevada mortalidade deve sempre ser um dos diagnósticos diferenciais para dor abdominal. Dentre suas causas, mais incomum ainda é a obstrução causada por deslocamento de placa aterosclerótica. Portanto, torna-se útil demonstrar um caso de isquemia mesentérica aguda causada por descolamento de placa da aorta torácica, tratado por laparotomia exploradora imediata com ressecção das alças em sofrimento e implantação de endoprótese torácica reta via femoral.  

Palavras-chave: Câncer de ducto biliar. Epidemiologia. Colelitíase. Anatomopatológico. Colecistectomia.
FRAGILIDADES E POTENCIALIDADES NA REDE DE ASSISTÊNCIA AOS PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE BOCA EM PALMAS, TOCANTINS, BRASIL
Authors: Dos Santos Rafael Augusto , Zambaldi Eduardo , De Araújo Ronyere Olegário , Rosa Cristiano Abdalla , Garcia Rosa Ana Cláudia
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o conhecimento dos cirurgiões dentistas da rede de atenção primária, secundária e terciária do município de Palmas, Tocantins, acerca do fluxo de assistência aos pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer bucal no Sistema Único de Saúde, desde o início do tratamento até a sua conclusão. Para isso, foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado aos grupos de profissionais envolvidos diretamente com a rede de atenção, avaliando o nível de entendimento dos cirurgiões dentistas sobre o fluxo de atendimento. Foram feitas as análises qualitativa e quantitativa. Os resultados da análise quantitativa mostraram que houve diferenças no entendimento dos profissionais dos grupos envolvidos na pesquisa em relação ao conteúdo abordado no questionário. Conclui-se que, no município de Palmas, existe a necessidade de uma maior integração entre os cirurgiões dentistas envolvidos na rede de atenção ao paciente com câncer de boca, e que a introdução de um programa de cooperação interinstitucional voltado a esses pacientes poderia contribuir com o fluxo de acompanhamento e com a qualidade de vida do doente durante e após o tratamento oncológico.  

Palavras-chave: Neoplasias Bucais; Sistema Único de Saúde; Atenção à Saúde.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to verify the knowledge of dental surgeons in the primary, secondary and tertiary care network of the city of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil, about the care of patients with oral cancer diagnosis in the Unified Health System, from the beginning of the treatment to completion. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to the groups of professionals directly involved in the care network, evaluating the level of understanding of the dentists about the care. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes were performed. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that there were differences in the understanding of the professionals of the groups involved in the research, in relation to the content addressed in the questionnaire. It is concluded that, in the city of Palmas, there is a need for greater integration among dental surgeons involved in the care network for patients with oral cancer, and that the introduction of an inter- institutional cooperation program for  these patients could contribute to the follow-up flow and the quality of life during and after cancer treatment.

Keywords: Mouth Neoplasms; Unified Health System; Health Care.
Novel Therapeutic Targets and Biomarkers for the Treatment of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Tyer Imogen , Hill Alison
Published: June 2020

Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a sporadic parkinsonism tauopathy characterised by the deposition of aggregations of abnormal, hyperphosphorylated four-repeat tau (4R-tau). A revised clinical diagnostic criterion for PSP allows early presentations for the full spectrum of clinical phenotypes to be recognised enabling doctors to make a more accurate diagnosis. The major genetic risk factor for sporadic PSP is a common variant in the gene encoding microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). Research into the biochemical and pathological pathways of tau is vital to improve the chances of developing an effective diagnostic biomarker to monitor tau pathogenesis. Neuroimaging biomarkers, such as tau PET ligands, are proving the most successful tool in providing a differential diagnosis between neurodegenerative disorders. There are currently no effective treatments for PSP, however tau-directed therapies in the last five years have rapidly advanced. Latest tau therapies are proposed to have disease-modifying effects by reducing toxic aggregations of tau through manipulating tau gene expression. After encouraging results from long awaited trials, additional funding is being injected into this field and with new results expected, this proves an exciting area for scientific discovery. This paper reviews advances in pathophysiology, diagnosis, biomarkers and disease-modifying therapeutic treatments for PSP.
Aerodynamic Study of an Ahmed Body with the Help of CFD Simulation
Authors: Saha Indrashis , Mukherjee Tathagatha , Saha Ankit , Pandey Richa
Published: June 2020

Automotive aerodynamics comprises of the study of aerodynamics of road vehicles. Its main goals are reducing drag, minimizing noise emission, improving fuel economy, preventing undesired lift forces and minimizing other causes of aerodynamic instability at high speeds. The Ahmed body has the form of a highly simplified car, consisting of a blunt nose with rounded edges fixed onto a box-like middle section and a rear end that has an upper slanted surface, the angle of which can be varied. It retains vital features of real vehicles in order to study the flow fields around it and the related turbulence models which characterizes the actual flow at elevated Reynolds number. In the present study, the aerodynamic behavior of this body is investigated numerically by the aid of commercial CFD tool: Ansys Fluent. The results of the simulation are validated with available experimental data and results of the simulations from other literatures. The numerical data were obtained for a fixed free stream velocity of 25 m/s at the inlet. The simulations were performed at a fixed slant angle of 25 degree and zero yaw angle. The present study focuses on how local refinement of mesh inside the concerned body and the outside, helps affect the results and for which grid dependency test is the primary objective of this paper. The present study also helps demonstrate how the drag of the body behaves, which is mainly the effect of pressure drag force generated at the rear portion of the body. The study also focuses on important properties like the velocity magnitude at different locations for different meshing cases, and to capture the flow pattern in the front or near the wake region. The study can be further helpful to future researchers in determining resistance, fuel efficiency etc. helping designers to optimize in specialized areas for better efficiency.
Speed Control of Ward Leonard Layout System Using H∞ Optimal Control
Authors: Jibril Mustefa , Tadese Messay , Alemayehu Tadese Eliyas
Published: June 2020

In this paper, modelling designing and simulation of a Ward Leonard layout system is done using robust control theory. In order to increase the performance of the Ward Leonard layout system with H infinity optimal control synthesis and H infinity optimal control synthesis via gamma-iteration controllers are used. The open loop response of the Ward Leonard layout system shows that the system needs to be improved. Comparison of the Ward Leonard layout system with H∞ optimal control synthesis and H infinity optimal control synthesis via gamma-iteration controllers to track a desired step speed input have been done. Finally, the comparative simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed Ward Leonard layout system with H infinity optimal control synthesis controller in improving the percentage overshoot and the settling time.
Twelve Tips to Successfully Conducting Virtual Clinical Assessment Using Zoom™ Lessons Learned from COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shehata Mohamed H. , Prabu Kumar Archana , Arekat Mona R. , Atwa Hani , Ahmed Samar A. , Deifalla Abdel Halim
Published: June 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic changed the world of medical education, moving it years ahead of time into the future. Many concepts needed to be changed, so did the methodologies. Nevertheless, clinical assessment remained tricky. This work highlights the outcome of the work of College of Medicine and Medical Sciences at the Arabian Gulf University in Bahrain in performing virtual clinical examination using Zoom™. Tips in this article are meant to help plan, implement and evaluate clinical assessments virtually.