bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIAGNOSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN CONSIDERING MAIN AND ADDITIONAL RISK FACTORS: A CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION
Authors: G.K. Taitubaeva , E.V. Petrova , I.A. Gribacheva , T.F. Popova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Taking into account the strong connection between autonomic dysfunction and cerebrovascular disorders, the difficulty in diagnosing stroke in pregnant women and the severity of the pathology, as well as the great social significance of these disorders, a search was made for additional risk factors for the development of stroke in pregnant women, which include the presence of cephalgic syndrome, signs of autonomic dysfunction before pregnancy, burdened vascular history, contraception, signs of venous dysfunction with hypercoagulability in the hemostatic system and the presence of hereditary thrombophilia, as demonstrated in the clinical illustration.
METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE TIME OF PROBABLE ACUTE INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Authors: Yu.D. Vybornov
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to determine with high accuracy the frequency of occurrence of infections and its use for forecasting. According to the dates of pathologies suffered by a person, the frequency of diseases of 2400 parents and children, men and women, was determined. To improve the accuracy of determining the frequency of diseases, astronomical units for fixing the time of occurrence of pathologies were used: 4 phases of the moon, 4 components of the declination of the moon, day. The hereditary periodicity of diseases (hereditary frequency of diseases) was revealed, which manifests itself in graphical and digital forms. hereditary frequency of diseases was used to predict the time of probable acute infectious diseases and their complications. The purpose of forecasting is timely prevention. 6 forecasting methods have been developed, 2 computer programs have been created in which 5 coordinate systems are used, more than 1600 computer forecasts have been made. With an error of + 1-4 days, 50% - 62% of diseases of children, women and men who fell ill on average 3 times a year and more often are predicted. In 2014, an application for invention No. 2014116101 “Method for simultaneous prediction of the time of probable acute human infectious diseases and the optimal date of vaccination” was registered. The conclusion of Rospatent experts: “. the invention can be implemented”, but “. practical applicability has not been confirmed”. Verification of the invention and its practical use proved to be an insoluble problem. Forecasts of the time of probable diseases are “warning signs” on our life path, allowing us to get sick less and live longer.
ANALYSIS OF THE CONDITION OF NEWBORN CHILDREN OF PATIENTS SURVIVED CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: N.F. Kuneshko , D.I. Gavrikova , V.A. Golomazova , V.V. Kim
Published: September 2022

Abstract. One of the urgent problems of modern obstetrics is the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of intrauterine growth retardation. This pathology ranks second after prematurity among the causes of the birth of children with low body weight. The frequency of intrauterine growth retardation varies in different countries of the world from 6.5-30.0% of all newborns, of which about 23% are found among children with very low body weight and about 38% with extremely low body weight. Currently, an outbreak of a new coronavirus infection continues, caused by the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2, which contributes to the formation of thrombotic microangiopathy in combination with hypercoagulability syndrome. It is known that during physiological pregnancy, the risk of complications associated with both bleeding and thrombus formation increases, which is affected by changes in fibrinolytic activity and the state of hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, and changes in the rheological properties of blood. This virus can significantly increase the risk of developing pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, fetal hypoxia and, as a result, leads to intrauterine growth retardation. The study analyzes the condition of newborns and the incidence of intrauterine growth retardation in women who have recovered from coronovirus infection. The study included two groups of women: the first group consisted of patients whose pregnancy occurred 3-6 months after a new coronavirus infection, and the second group was a control group. As a result of the study, it was found that women of the first group more often suffered from preeclampsia, and their children were more often diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ORGAN-PRESERVING MANAGEMENT TACTICS IN CERVICAL PREGNANCY
Authors: O.B. Kalinkina , Yu.V. Tezikov , I.S. Lipatov , M.O. Mayorova , G.M. Sreseli , A.V. Gerasimova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Diagnosis of cervical pregnancy is carried out based on the analysis of data obtained during the study of the gynecological status during bimanual abdominal - vaginal and ultrasound examinations. Treatment consists in performing organ-preserving manipulations and, in the absence of their effectiveness, extirpation of the uterus. Prevention of the development of cervical pregnancy consists in the rational treatment of gynecological diseases, refusal of abortions, carrying out full-fledged rehabilitation after intrauterine interventions. In this clinical case, prevention of unwanted pregnancy by prescribing rational contraception, timely diagnosis of the causes of infertility and miscarriage, as well as prevention and effective treatment of chronic endometritis would avoid the risk of cervical pregnancy. Careful management of pregnancy by an obstetrician-gynecologist made it possible to identify the ectopic location of the fetal egg in the early stages of pregnancy and prevent the occurrence of severe life-threatening complications, as well as perform organ-preserving surgical treatment, giving the patient the opportunity to realize the childbearing function in the future. Based on the study of this clinical case, it can be concluded about the effectiveness of the proposed management tactics of a patient with cervical pregnancy and the possibility of recommending this variant of medical tactics in the treatment of patients with this pathology.
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF WATER BY THE METHOD OF COULOMETRIC FISHER TITRATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES OF THE FLUOROQUINOLONE GROUP
Authors: S.G. Abdullina , E.A. Serebriannikova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. A wide spectrum of antibacterial action of fluoroquinolones of the III generation (levofloxacin) and IV generation (moxifloxacin) determines their active use for the treatment of various infectious diseases. The quality of the pharmaceutical substances included in their composition affects the manifestation of the therapeutic effect of drugs. Decomposition of the active substance and the formation of undesirable impurities can occur if storage conditions are violated (high humidity, temperature, light). All these factors can significantly affect the pharmacological activity, up to the manifestation of a toxic effect. The humidity regime is especially important for hygroscopic substances (moxifloxacin) and substances containing water of crystallization in the chemical structure (levofloxacin). Weathering of crystallization water is possible at low humidity; this may affect the weight of the sample of the medicinal substance, which is important in the technological process in the manufacture of dosage forms. As a result, it may affect the quality of the finished product. Therefore, the determination of the water content during the quality control of pharmaceutical substances is mandatory. Coulometric titration at a constant current strength (galvanostatic coulometry) is a promising method for determining water in substances. Titration is carried out with electrogenerated iodine, which is formed during the anodic oxidation of iodide ions contained in the background electrolyte. Further, iodine, oxidizing sulfur (IV) in a sulfur-containing compound in the presence of water according to the Fischer reaction, is reduced to iodide ions, from which iodine can be generated again. The cyclic nature of the process makes it possible to carry out multiple measurements without changing the background electrolyte. The water content is calculated from the amount of electricity used for titration. The advantages of this method are specificity, no need for preliminary standardization of the titrant, rapidity and simplicity of the experiment. A unified method for the determination of water by coulometric Fischer titration in levofloxacin and moxifloxacin substances has been developed. The validation evaluation of the method for determining water in the substance of levofloxacin showed its validity in terms of specificity, linearity (r=0.9977), correctness and precision (RSD 2%). The methods can be used in the practice of control and analytical laboratories to assess the "Water" parameter in these pharmaceutical substances.
THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION, COMPOSITION DEVELOPMENT AND STUDY OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF GEL WITH CO2 EXTRACT ABIES SIBIRICA
Authors: T.N. Glizhova , L.V. Pogrebniak , E.V. Kul’gav , A.V. Pogrebniak
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Extraction using liquefied gases, in particular carbon dioxide, has a number of well-known advantages and prospects. It is noteworthy that the CO2-extract of Siberian fir thus obtained differs from traditional extracts in terms of technological and biological properties. The gel obtained on the basis of this extract for external use has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect. Purposeful and theoretically grounded selection of gel bases led to such gelling agents as methylcellulose, carbopol-940 and polyeth-ylene oxide-1500. Subsequent biological tests showed that 1% gel with CO2-extract of fir based on carbo-pol-940 can be used in dermatology as an anti-inflammatory and wound healing agent (abrasions, bruises and mild burns). The use of liquefied gases as an extractant significantly reduces the time spent on extrac-tion, makes it possible to obtain dehydrated, completely natural extracts, eliminates the effect of high tem-peratures at the concentration stage and improves the quality of the final products. It is also important that in the process of extraction in carbon dioxide, most of the known microbial cells cease their vital activity. In the technological process, neither preservatives nor stabilizers are added to the extracts, therefore they are of low toxicity and can be successfully used in children's and geriatric practice. Extracts have a wide therapeutic spectrum, do not lead to negative consequences and are not addictive with long-term use.
PHARMACOECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY IN GERIATRIC INPATIENTS
Authors: N.D. Chereshneva , T.F. Chernykh , Kh.M. Bataev
Published: September 2022

Abstract. A new coronavirus infection, like other infections of viral etiology, is not an indication for the use of antibiotics. The cause of lung damage in COVID-19 is immune mechanisms, in which macrophages are activated and a "cytokine storm" develops, which is not affected by antibiotics. Antibacterial therapy is prescribed only if there are convincing signs of bacterial infection adherence. Therefore, a competent and reasonable approach to prescribing antibacterial drugs during a pandemic new coronavirus infection is necessary. The aim of the study was to conduct a pharmacoeconomic analysis of COVID-19 antibiotic therapy and to identify cases of irrational prescribing of antibiotics. Case histories of 334 patients treated in a reassigned hospital infectious disease unit in October 2021 with a diagnosis of Covid-19 new coronavirus infection were analyzed. The study found that antibiotic therapy was prescribed in 52.5% of patients aged 60 years or older and 38.5% of those younger than 60 years. A single antibacterial was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic 66.4% in the elderly and 78% in the young. Levofloxacin was most frequently prescribed as a starting antibiotic (32.7% of all AB prescriptions in the elderly and 54% in the young). Ceftriaxone (17.8%), Cefotaxime (15.9%), and Cefotaxime + Sulbactam (13.1%) were also commonly prescribed in those over 60 years of age. The effectiveness of antibacterial agents in the treatment of NKI was calculated using a cost-effectiveness pharmacoeconomic analysis using the criteria of therapy duration, length of hospital stay, and prescription of a second antibiotic. The best cost-effectiveness ratio was observed for prescribing ciprofloxacin (5.5), ceftriaxone (13.2), and cefotaxime (32.1) to the elderly. Irrational prescribing of antibiotics was noted in 10.8% of all antibiotic prescriptions. Of all irrational prescriptions, levofloxacin accounted for the largest number (64.7%).
STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND CHARACTER OF HYPERESTHESIA AMONG ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN VASILEOSTROVSKY AND PETROGRADSKY DISTRICTS OF ST. PETERSBURG
Authors: E.G. Borisova , A.B. Altukhova , A.E. Absheev , A.P. Duda , E.S. Poplavskii , K.P. Raevskiy
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Hypersensitivity of teeth pose an ineresting question in the practice of the dentist because of its high prevalence and polyetiological nature. The aim of the work was to establish the incidence of tooth hyperesthesia among elderly residents of Vasileostrovsky and Petrogradsky districts of St. Petersburg. The study involved 117 participants of both sexes, divided into 2 age groups (55-64;65-75). 70 patients with hypersensitivity of teeth tissues were detected. In addition to establishing the fact of hyperesthesia, patients were interviewed, teeth were examined for the presence of carious and non-carious lesions, the states of oral hygiene and periodontal tissues were evaluated using dental indices. To determine the general condition of the patient's oral health we used: OHI (simplified Green-Vermillion index, (Green, Vermillion, 1964)) - to determine the level of oral hygiene, PI index (P.A. Leus, 1988) - to determine the presence of symptoms of periodontal pathology, DMF (Klein, Palmer, 1937) - to determine the degree of dental caries. Assessment of dental hyperesthesia was carried out using indices of prevalence (IPDH) and intensity (IIDH) of dental hyperesthesia. According to the results of the examination the following conclusions were made: the most susceptible to hyperesthesia were women from 55 to 64 years old (44,28% of all those examined). An unsatisfactory level of hygiene, an average degree of periodontal disease and a high degree of caries intensity were detected, a limited form of hyperesthesia was more frequent (56.81% of all cases) with a reaction to all types of stimuli(63.02% of all cases), a moderate level of tooth sensitivity efficiency was noted(56.5%). The results of the survey showed that many patients do not maintain the necessary level of oral hygiene, rarely visit the dentist and are dissatisfied with their oral health.
CANNON’S NEVUS: RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL PRESENTATION, DIAGNOSIS
Authors: A.A. Komova , E.G. Borisova , U.I. Gandaloev
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Diseases of the oral mucosa are quite common, but their differential diagnosis is very difficult. One of the types of diseases of the oral mucosa are diseases accompanied by a violation of keratinization - the so-called "white manifestations" on the oral mucosa, some of which can lead to the development of cancer. Cannon’s spongy nevus is a disease whose main symptom is parakeratosis, which is a violation of the keratinization of the oral mucosa. The purpose of the study was to study the clinical picture of Cannon's spongy nevus, to identify differential diagnostic criteria and risk factors for exacerbation of this disease. Materials and methods: 23 patients aged 18-44 years of both sexes with a diagnosis of Cannon's spongy nevus were under our supervision. Patients underwent a survey (including a detailed collection of complaints, anamnesis of life and disease), a daily objective examination for three weeks, fluorescent diagnostics using a Wood's lamp, a biochemical blood test for vitamin D and A. Results and discussion: it was found that the course of Cannon's spongy nevus is cyclic, periods of exacerbation and remission replace each other within 10-14 days. The results of luminescent diagnostics turned out to be non-specific - the mucous membrane of the oral cavity under ultraviolet rays is gray-white in color, which is typical for hyperkeratosis. Vitamin D in the blood of patients with Cannon's spongy nevus is reduced, and vitamin A is within the normal range. Conclusions: a cyclical course, similar symptoms in relatives under 30 years old, young age, low vitamin D in the blood are diagnostic criteria for Cannon's spongy nevus, and the frequency of exacerbations increases with nervous tension.
RECONSTRUCTIVE AND STABILIZING INTERVENTIONS AS PART OF COMPLEX THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH SOLITARY SPINE METASTASIS
Authors: I. Kuparadze , E.M. Fadeev , V.V. Usikov , V.M. Khmara , G. Karagezov , B.T. Imomaliev
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Introduction: The problem of diagnosis and treatment of patients with oncological pathology of the spine is relevant due to treatment complexity and the increasing number of patients’ morbidity. Secondary neoplastic processes are common in spine because of its anatomy, physiological features, complex biomechanics and enhanced vascularization. The main clinical manifestations of metastatic lesions of the spine are pain and neurological deficit. The development of spinal cord compression and pain syndrome leads to a sharp deterioration in the quality of life in patients with metastatic lesions of the spine. Despite the progress made in modern surgery of patients with oncological diseases with metastasis to the spine, mortality rates after surgery reaches 6.3% and complications appear in 23% of cases.
Aim: Improving the results of treatment of patients with solitary spinal metastases and spinal cord compression.
Methods and materials: Between 2010 and 2018, patients with spinal neoformations (N=240) received surgical treatment at Traumatology Unit of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. All patients were put into the categories according to their sex, age, histologic type and location of tumors. We assessed patients’ pain severity (BAIII), neurologic status (Frankel scale) and life span (by Kaplan-Meier method).
Results: The study presents the analysis of the results of complex therapy of 183 patients with solitary metastases of the spine, who underwent the surgical stage of treatment. For these patients the epidemiological structure and the main clinical and radiological characteristics of solitary metastatic lesions of the spine were determined, a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various options for surgical interventions in the complex treatment was carried out. To do so, all patients of the primary cohort were divided into 2 groups depending on the volume of surgery. The first group included 54 patients who underwent a radical resection of the affected vertebra in a single block with prosthetics of the anterior support column and posterior instrumental fixation. The second group included 129 patients after palliative decompressive and stabilizing operations from the posterior approach.
Conclusion: There were no statistically significant differences between the two studied methods of surgical treatment in terms of the dynamics of the level of pain syndrome, regression of neurological deficit and life expectancy. When choosing the tactics of surgical treatment of patients with solitary spinal metastases, the main method is decompressive and stabilizing interventions, which helps to reduce the risk of surgical complications, improve the quality of life of the patient and continue the complex treatment of the underlying disease.
COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF RUSSIAN-MADE DRUGS FOR PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
Authors: O.V. Korshunova , O.V. Shevchenko , V.I. Apanasevich
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Currently the using of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is expanding in clinical practice. This type of treatment is used not only in oncology, but also in such areas as dentistry, cardiology, ophthalmology, surgery, dermatology, otolaryngology and cosmetology. An urgent task facing clinicians using photodynamic methods is to choose the optimal photosensitizer (PS) and modes of its photoactivation, the result of which will lead to the necessary therapeutic effect. Conditionally, the PS is divided into three generations. Hematoporphyrin derivatives are first-generation PS. The most well-known and widely used is Photofrin. The second generation of PS is represented by chlorines, phthalocyanines, benzoporphyrins, 5-aminolevulinic acid. Foscan is the strongest PS of the second generation. A serious drawback in the first and second generation of PS: their selective accumulation in the tumor cell is impossible. The third generation of PS is the means of the second generation associated with a carrier that provides minimal accumulation in healthy tissues with high specificity to the affected cancer cell. To create a complete picture of the main aspects of the application, it is necessary to know the physicochemical and commodity characteristics of such drugs. The authors of the article reviewed the range of PS registered in the Russian Federation and used in clinical practice. Their attitude to the pharmacotherapeutic group, distribution according to the anatomical and therapeutic classification are shown, physicochemical properties, indications, side effects are characterized. The classifications are compared, the advantages and disadvantages of photosensitizers used for the treatment of malignant tumors and other diseases by PDT are considered. A classification of PS is proposed based on their application in combination with physicochemical properties. It is indicated that the main active substances of Russian-made medicines are derivatives of porphyrins and aminolevulinic acid. Thus, at present, the range of PS allows to significantly expand the possible areas of application and increase the effectiveness of PDT in various diseases, but also to continue the search for the ideal drug for this type of therapy.
ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL AND DYNAMICS OF PRICES IN THE RUSSIAN MARKET OF MEDICINES USED FOR THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF SARS AND INFLUENZA
Authors: A.S. Orlov , А.А. Khalimova , V.V. Ugolnikov
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The article presents the results of a price analysis of the Russian market of drugs used for the prevention of SARS and influenza. Due to the increase in demand for antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs caused by an increase in the incidence and the spread of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, the population and various subjects of the Russian pharmaceutical market require objective information about price changes and the reasons why they occurred. The study was based on sales audit data for drugs used to prevent SARS and influenza, provided by the research company DSM Group. To analyze the price level, the arithmetic average weighted price per pack was determined, and to study the price dynamics, chain and basic price indices were calculated. The article presents information about prices for medicines used for the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, and the dynamics of their changes in the Russian pharmaceutical market as a whole and in individual subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as in the context of their division into Russian and foreign medicines included in the List of vital essential and essential medicines and non-essential medicines, different price ranges. It has been established that in the past three years, against the backdrop of increased demand for antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs, their price growth rates have significantly exceeded the price growth rates in the entire Russian pharmaceutical market. The largest contribution to the increase in prices in the studied market segment is made by domestic drugs, the growth rates of which significantly exceed the growth rates of prices for imported products. Relatively high growth rates of prices for drugs included in the Vital and Essential Drugs List have been revealed, which over the past three years have significantly exceeded the growth rates for drugs that are not subject to price regulation. It is proposed to strengthen control over pricing and price dynamics in the segment of antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs in order to prevent high rates of price growth, which is especially relevant due to the continued high demand for them.
CONTRADICTIONS IN THE SPHERE OF LEGAL REGULATION OF THE TURNOVER OF NARCOTIC DRUGS, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR PRECURSORS, WHICH ENTERED INTO FORCE IN 2022
Authors: M.F. Mikaelyan , M.M. Khachatryan , I.N. Airo
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The turnover of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors in healthcare is regulated by a significant volume of legislative and legal acts. At the same time, since March 1, 2022, a number of new regulatory documents have been adopted, which define the requirements for the turnover of these substances. But, despite the comments made in previous publications, on the settlement of certain issues in this area within the framework of the regulatory guillotine, unfortunately, the new documents that have entered into force are not without serious shortcomings. These shortcomings can negatively affect the quality of medical and pharmaceutical services, since the presence of contradictions leads to an ambiguous interpretation of certain points of the approved legal norms. The study was conducted on the basis of a content analysis of the information base relevant at the time of studying the problem regulating the turnover of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors. Discrepancies and shortcomings were revealed on the following points: rules for maintaining special journals; registration of requirements and bill of lading requirements; the procedure for the release of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances to medical organizations; the possibility of assigning these substances by individual entrepreneurs; individual issues of fixing the loss; return from temporary storage to main storage; storage conditions of thermolabile narcotic drugs, depending on the category of premises; accounting and destruction of precursors; as well as excessive requirements. The results of the analysis of the newly issued regulatory documents showed the need to make corrective changes in order to better understand the requirements of regulatory documents in the field of trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors for proper execution by practitioners.
ARCHITECTURE OF BRANDS OF THE TERRITORIAL PHARMACEUTICAL ECOSYSTEM OF THE URAL FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: A.L. Petrov , A.V. Posokhina , A.V. Skurikhina , A.S. Gavrilov , G.N. Andrianova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The article describes the results of a study of the brand architecture of manufacturers of medicines localized in the Ural Federal District and having common channels for the market distribution of medicines (LP) (territorial pharmaceutical ecosystem). To date, there is a priority of horizontal marketing technologies in the industrial pharmaceutical sector of the Russian Federation, at the same time, the assessment of the degree of development of brand identity elements of medicines produced in the Ural Federal District is of considerable interest. The purpose of the study was to develop and test a methodological approach to determining the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the brand architecture of manufacturers of medicines localized in the Ural Federal District, as well as to assess the potential for the introduction of horizontal marketing technologies in the positioning of Ural pharmaceutical brands. The object of the study was the aggregated assortment and realized wholesale demand for 476 trade names of medicinal products produced by Ural pharmaceutical plants. The study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of brand architecture was carried out by the method of structural analysis of the assortment, marketing analysis of the offer using specialized pharmaceutical information systems. A moderate level of brand architecture development in depth is shown, corresponding to the predominance of unbranded LP assortment positions and the moderate introduction of "corporate umbrella" technologies. We have shown a direct relationship between the depth of implementation of brand architecture and the innovativeness of LP, as well as the market capacity of the market segment. Assessing the territorial development of brand engineering in the territorial pharmaceutical ecosystem of the Ural Federal District, it is worth noting the lack of geographical identification. The development of territorial and cooperative-territorial branding technologies for medicinal products produced in the Ural Federal District seems to be a promising tool for marketing differentiation of both products and manufacturers in the territorial pharmaceutical ecosystem of the Ural Federal District.
RATIONAL APPROACH TO THE CHOICE OF INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTION
Authors: O.B. Kalinkina , Yu.V. Tezikov , I.S. Lipatov , M.O. Mayorova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Intrauterine contraception is a reliable and reversible method of pregnancy prevention, which can be recommended for long-term contraception. The Kailina® LNG IUD is a low-dose, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUD) of a new generation, having a T-shaped shape, which belongs to the class of reversible methods of long-acting contraception. After the installation of the Kaylin® LNG IUD, the synthetic progestogen (levonorgestrel) is continuously released from the hormonal reservoir by diffusion through a permeable membrane into the uterine cavity. Based on this clinical case, the effectiveness and safety of the Kailina® LNG IUD have been demonstrated in a woman who needs long-term contraception and prefers contraception with the least effect of hormones on the body. The installation of the Kailina Navy went without complications. Dynamic monitoring is recommended. 3 months after the introduction of the Kailina® LNG IUD, menstruation is monthly in the form of scanty secretions for 1-2 days. The woman was satisfied with the use of this method of contraception, expressed a desire to use it in the future until the time of pregnancy planning. A conversation was held about the need for dynamic annual monitoring, the possibility of using the Kailina ® LNG IUD up to 5 years after administration. If the patient wishes to plan pregnancy earlier than this period, it is possible to remove the Kailina ® LNG IUD with subsequent restoration of fertility. A conversation was held in which the advantages of this type of contraception in this particular case were explained from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine.
THE STUDY OF THE POSSIBILITY OF CREATING INTRANASAL DOSAGE FORMS WITH THE PHYTOCOMPLEX OF GINKGO BILOBA AND THEIR ANALYSIS
Authors: E.V. Kovtun , A.B. Samoryadova , L.V. Pogrebnyak , V.V. Vernikovsky , I.M. Privalov
Published: September 2022

Abstract. One of the important tasks of modern pharmaceutical technology is the creation of effective and safe medicines that meet modern requirements and realities. And, as a result, having a minimum of side effects. Stressful situations associated with a stressful rhythm of life, past illnesses and many other factors contribute to a significant increase in the number of patients with cerebral circulatory disorders. That is why the search for new effective medicines and more universal dosage forms capable of restoring or compensating for impaired brain functions is timely and relevant. There are enough drugs with such activity, but there are not so many containing phytocomplexes. That is why the choice of objects of plant origin that occupy a special niche in the group and have an impact on cerebral circulation and on the condition of blood vessels seems promising to us Models constructed on the basis of the ginkgo biloba phytocomplex fit into this problem in all indicators – pharmacological, technological and economic. In addition, there is a sufficient raw material base. Analysis of the literature data has shown that drugs in the form of intranasal dosage forms intended to improve cerebral circulation will be promising drugs aimed at a wide range of consumers. Therefore, research in this area is appropriate and will have wide practical application in the future. The purpose of this study is the development of intranasal pharmaceutical farms and their standardization.
FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF PREGNANCY IN WOMEN WHO HAVE HAD A NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION OR HAVE BEEN VACCINATED AGAINST IT
Authors: N.F. Kuneshko , A.V. Ershov , D.I. Gavrikova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Relevance. The disease of viral infections plays an important role in development of complications of pregnancy and a syndrome of a growth inhibition of a fruit. The arm is to estimate influence of the postponed new coronavirus infection and vaccination by medicine Gam-KOVID-Vak on the current and the result of pregnancy. Materials and methods. Under observation there were 55 pregnant women who had COVID-19 and 60 pregnant women vaccinated by medicine Gam-KOVID-Vak before pregnancy. Results and conclusions. The new coronavirus infection suffered before pregnancy contributes to an increase in the incidence of pre-eclampsia and placental insufficiency in the second trimester by 52.4 and 86.9%, respectively, and in the third - placental insufficiency and fetal hypoxia by 2 times compared to healthy women. Hypotrophy and fetal growth retardation syndrome after the past disease were observed in 5.5% of cases, while after vaccination - only in 1.7%. Vaccination does not increase the incidence of complications, so may be recommended during the pre-gravidary stage.
CASES OF TROPICAL INFECTIONS CARRIED INTO THE TERRITORY OF TYUMEN REGION
Authors: S.P. Sakharov , D.O. Ostrovskaya
Published: September 2022

Abstract. At present, the sphere of tourism, migration and immigration is actively developed, which contributes to the import of infections into the territory of the Russian Federation, including a number of especially dangerous ones, such as Ebola. Hemorrhagic fever Ebola is an acute viral especially dangerous infectious disease characterized by a severe course, pronounced hemorrhagic syndrome and a high mortality rate. The spread of the virus is Central and West Africa. The reservoir of the virus is rodents that live near human dwellings. Pathogen transmission mechanisms: aspiration, contact, artifact. Routes of transmission: airborne, contact, infectious. The virus is found in blood, saliva, nasopharyngeal mucus, urine, semen. Infection of people occurs during the care of the sick; in a domestic environment through hands and household items contaminated with the patient's blood and urine. Human susceptibility to the Ebola virus is high; does not depend on age and gender. Many imported diseases from the category of especially dangerous infections occur in a subclinical form, which complicates clinical diagnosis. The nature of the spread of the Ebola virus on the territory of the Tyumen region, in patients who arrived from foreign countries with an unfavorable epidemiological situation, was analyzed. A prospective observation of 4 patients admitted to the "Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital" of the city of Tyumen in October - November 2014 from the Democratic Republic of the Congo with suspected subclinical course of an especially dangerous infection - Ebola fever was carried out. In the course of clinical trials, the diagnosis was confirmed. In order to prevent the spread of the disease, an algorithm was developed and approved when working with this group of patients at the Regional Infectious Disease Clinical Hospital in Tyumen. As the research data showed, the possibility of importing tropical infections to the city of Tyumen and to the territory of the Russian Federation was revealed. Timely organization and implementation of treatment, prophylactic and anti-epidemic measures made it possible to eliminate and prevent the spread of a particularly dangerous tropical infection in the Tyumen region.
HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF THE PROCESS OF GRANTING PREFERENTIAL DENTAL PROSTHETICS AT THE FEDERAL LEVEL
Authors: D.S. Nosov , A.V. Kalinichenko , Y.V. Khmelnitskaya
Published: September 2022

Abstract. At current time, in the organization of dental care to the population, the issue of providing preferential dental prosthetics is quite relevant as the number of those in need exceeds the financial capabilities of the budget. In order to improve the provision and implementation mechanisms for this type of medical care, as well as to improve the quality of life of the population, a comparative legal analysis of the regulation of this process at the federal level was carried out. By means of the chronological method, the legislative and regulatory framework for the provision of state social support in orthopedic dentistry was studied. The article discusses the main stages of the formation of dental orthopedic care, the issues of subsidies and changes in the formation of certain categories of citizens who were granted the right to free dentures and repair of dentures, enshrined at the federal level.The legal analysis showed that in our country, orthopedic dentistry was included in the general system of state medical care and assumed the provision of state support to certain categories of citizens. Over the past hundred years, the provision of subsidies and benefits has been changed by adding and abolishing certain categories of citizens and was due to changing socio-economic conditions.
USE OF TOOLS FOR THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS DIGITALIZATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BLENDED LEARNING MODEL
Authors: O.A. Medvedeva , N.N. Efremova , O.V. Parakhina
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The circumstances of recent years have led to the rapid development of the digitalization of the educational environment. Thus, in modern medical education, the successful application of the blended learning model is noted, which consists in the rational combination of digital and traditional forms of education, using their advantages and minimizing disadvantages. The purpose of this work was to assess the level of digitalization of education at the Department of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology of the Kursk State Medical University, as well as to identify its strengths and weaknesses in order to further adjust the educational process and achieve maximum teaching efficiency. The main source of knowledge at the department for students is the course of lectures, the implementation of which is currently taking place in a remote format based on the cloud-based conference platform Zoom. The advantages of this format of lectures were the absence of restrictions associated with geographical remoteness, comfortable conditions for each conference participant, the opportunity for students to save lecture material, the development of self-education skills among students and an increase in the level of technical literacy among the teaching staff. A significant drawback of distance lectures is the lack of personal contact between the lecturer and the audience and the lack of control of students. In general, the level of preparation of students for practical classes revealed the effectiveness of using the distance lecture format. Preparation for practical classes at the department takes place in a mixed format, which is due to the impossibility of mastering the necessary practical skills by students remotely. Of the electronic elements of the educational process, digital automatic testing based on the Moodle e-learning system is widely used, the main advantage of which is saving the time of the teaching staff, since the mechanism independently processes students' answers and calculates the final result. During the discussion of the topic in practical classes, the teachers of the department demonstrate tables and reference materials on an interactive whiteboard or TV, which eliminates the need for a large amount of poster materials. A powerful tool in the learning process are multimedia aids, which are more visual, accessible and mobile. Thus, we have chosen a vector aimed at using the strengths and weaknesses of traditional and electronic formats, creating a kind of hybrid of them to increase the efficiency of our activities. The study of this aspect is necessary for further improvement in order to achieve greater efficiency.
PECULIARITIES OF USING THE AXIOMATIC METHOD OF INTRODUCING ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS IN THE TEACHING OF FUTURE MATHEMATICS TEACHERS AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: E.N. Shustova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The concept of the development of mathematical education in the Russian Federation focuses on the importance of teaching mathematics as a system-forming factor in human education, the development of his cognitive abilities, logical thinking. At the same time, the problems that exist in the field of mathematical training of schoolchildren are also indicated. In this regard, the problem of improving the quality of professional training of future teachers of mathematics becomes relevant and significant. In the modern specialized school, the axiomatic approach in teaching mathematics is traditionally used to present the geometry course. It should be noted that in order to achieve subject learning outcomes that meet the requirements of educational standards, it is advisable to use formalized methods for studying other mathematical sections. The purpose of the work is to present the features of studying mathematics at a university using the axiomatic method of introducing elementary functions in the professional training of teachers. Observation, surveys, questionnaires, conversations with trainees were used as the main research methods; Elements of statistical analysis were used to process the experimental data. The author has developed diagnostic tools for assessing the level of formation of the main components of the methodological competence of future teachers of mathematics. The results of studies conducted with students of pedagogical areas of study of Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University (profile "Mathematics"), and their statistical analysis showed the effectiveness of using the axiomatic method in the process of developing the methodological competence of future teachers. The methodology for teaching future teachers of mathematics the axiomatic approach for introducing elementary functions, developed in an experimental study, has been successfully introduced into the educational process of the university.
READING THROUGH EPOCHS: FROM ANCIENT MANUSCRIPTS TO ONLINE-TEXTS
Authors: E.Yu. Strelkova , Yu.I. Lukyanova
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The article dwells upon some peculiar features of the reading process in different times in the history of civilisations. These are manual writing, printing, and e-texts. The article gives a thorough description of these types of writing. Being scarce and unique, pre-printing epoch texts were directed at a small amount of literate readers. Then, printing arose mass distribution of books and literacy, as well as normative language development. Later, e-books became a core source of information in the epoch of electronic devices and the Internet. E-books and hypertexts, being still called books, have their special distinctive features that affect the modern reader. As is noticed, the number of words in the sentences decreases (sentences become shorter), sometimes the language norm is violated. Thus, the significance and peculiarity of the book is to be reconsidered in the sense of importance for the society and being a cultural phenomenon. E-books turn out to be doubtedly effective in comparison with printed books and their literacy impact on readers. In this aspect the authors of the article held a poll in the attempt to gather data about reading habits of the respondents aged 25-55. The poll showed some discrepancies in reading preferences. Claiming that the printed book should be used primarily in education and recreational activities, respondents still increase the usage of electronic resources due to their vast availability and compact character. That raises the question of e-book prevalence in the modern society. Being short and laconic, modern e-texts with their features described in the article tend to show resemblance to ancient manuscripts.
PROBLEMS OF HIGHER SCHOOL MODERNIZATION IN THE FORMAT OF COMPETENCE-BASED APPROACH
Authors: R.R. Zakieva , V.V. Serikov
Published: September 2022

Evaluation of educational achievements of university students on the basis of rating and competency-based approaches is an urgent problem of pedagogy, psychology and methodology and requires the study of various approaches and the search for effective methods for such an assessment. The main emphasis in the article is made on the study of the existing problems of the formation of the competence model of a university graduate, the formation of key competencies, the development of professional skills and their assessment. This study is devoted to determining the main functions and the importance of their observance when organizing the control of knowledge, skills and abilities, ensuring the availability and quality of the educational process, the result of which should be the formation of a competitive graduate. Object of study: the quality of education at a technical university. Subject of study: assessment of the professional development of students of a technical university as a tool for managing the quality of education. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach as a way of researching and designing functional systems that ensure the achievement of educational goals. The theoretical basis of the study is the foundations of a competency-based approach to building the content and technologies of vocational education, which aims at modeling professional activity in the learning process. The result of this article is to identify the components of the competency model, which include: a sign of ownership of an activity (competence) - the ability to achieve a result (receive a product); criteria for ownership of activities: meaning, orienting basis, experience; conditions for mastering competence - solving problems for the design and implementation of the process of creating a product (project-based learning method); the essence of the project method of teaching is the inclusion of students in the construction of a "road map" of the process, intra-team distribution of functions, the translation of knowledge into productive action.