bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Designing for patient decision-making: Design challenges generated by patients with atrial fibrillation during evaluation of a decision aid prototype
Authors: Fanio Janette , Zeng Erin , Wang Brian , Slotwiner David J. , Reading Turchioe Meghan
Published: January 2023

Shared decision-making (SDM) empowers patients and care teams to determine the best treatment plan in alignment with the patient's preferences and goals. Decision aids are proven tools to support high quality SDM. Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common cardiac arrhythmia, struggle to identify optimal rhythm and symptom management strategies and could benefit from a decision aid. In this Brief Research Report, we describe the development and preliminary evaluation of an interactive decision-making aid for patients with AF. We employed an iterative, user-centered design method to develop prototypes of the decision aid. Here, we describe multiple iterations of the decision aid, informed by the literature, expert feedback, and mixed-methods design sessions with AF patients. Results highlight unique design requirements for this population, but overall indicate that an interactive decision aid with visualizations has the potential to assist patients in making AF treatment decisions. Future work can build upon these design requirements to create and evaluate a decision aid for AF rhythm and symptom management.
Mechanical properties and failure law of composite rock containing two coplanar fractures
Authors: Yuan Hao , Xiao Taoli , She Haicheng , Zheng Yuanlong , Chen Xiang
Published: January 2023

Composite rocks comprise the rock structures that are commonly used in geotechnical engineering. The fracture configuration has a substantial influence on the mechanical behavior, failure mode, and crack propagation of composite rocks. In this study, we considered a composite rock with two prefabricated coplanar fractures. Through laboratory uniaxial compression tests and using a digital image acquisition system, we systematically studied the effects of different fracture lengths and inclination angles on the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of the rocks. We obtained the following results: 1) during the loading deformation of the rock sample, the peak stress and elastic modulus increased with an increase in the fracture inclination angle and decreased with an increase in the fracture length. The deterioration coefficient k (the ratio of the difference between the peak strength of intact and fractured rock sample to that of intact rock sample) decreased with an increase in the fracture inclination angle and increased with an increase in the fracture length. 2) The failure type of the rock samples was primarily controlled by the fracture inclination angle and material of the two rock types, and the fragmentation degree was primarily controlled by the fracture length. With an increase in the fracture inclination angle, the failure mode of rock sample exhibited the following order of changes leading to failure: a double-Y type (trwo wing and one antiwing cracks appeared on each prefabricated fracture) → double-Z type (two wing cracks appeared on each prefabricated fracture) → Z type (one wing crack appeared on each prefabricated fracture). 3) The type of coalescence of the rock bridge was controlled by the fracture inclination angle and structural plane. The crack positions were primarily affected by the fracture length. 4) At a low fracture inclination angle (α ≤ 30°), the propagation of the microcracks showed aggregated band formation. Above moderate fracture inclination angles (α > 30°), the microcrack aggregation band gradually weakened and expanded in the direction of dispersion.
An improved progressive triangular irregular network densification filtering algorithm for airborne LiDAR data
Authors: Chen Na , Wang Nanmeng , He Yi , Ding Xiang , Kong Jian
Published: January 2023

Airborne lidar is a technology for mapping surface spatial information and has been widely used in many areas of geospatial information disciplines. The filtering process of removing non-ground points has always been the focus of research. PTD (Progressive Triangular Irregular Network Densification) filtering algorithm is a widely used filtering algorithm for airborne lidar data. However, this algorithm has shortcomings in retaining ground points in steep areas, leading to large type Ⅰ errors. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved PTD algorithm. The improvement is the addition of the seed points filtering. Specifically, after the potential seed points are obtained by the progressive morphological filter, the seed points filtering is performed on it to remove the non-ground points, so that the obtained seed points are more accurate. The benchmark dataset of ISPRS (International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing) Working Group III is used to assess the proposed method. Results show that the method is effective in decreasing type Ⅰ error in steep areas. Comparing with the classic PTD algorithm, the type Ⅰ error and total error are decreased by 8.46% and 5.06% respectively. In addition, the proposed method shows a great advantage in computational efficiency, that is eight times more efficient than the classic PTD algorithm.
Displacement response characteristics of different sand tunnel excavation faces under true triaxial loading
Authors: Li Erchao , Gao Quanchen , Li Xiao , Mao Tianqiao , Zheng Bo
Published: January 2023

During the construction of subway tunnels, the geotechnical body is affected by excavation to produce three-dimensional spatial deformation. The deformation of geotechnical bodies is an important safety hazard for project advancement, so it is important to understand the excavation disturbance range and deformation mechanism. The current related research is mainly about the theory of land subsidence and the two-dimensional plane displacement of the stratum, and there are few studies on the specific three-dimensional disturbance mode and its mechanism. In order to better understand the three-dimensional displacement characteristics of the tunnel excavation soil, a tunnel excavation model test was established based on a true triaxial stress loading system combined with three-dimensional scanning technology for a superimposed sandy soil. Based on the established model, the vector displacement response range and three-dimensional deformation characteristics of the excavation face were studied in the main displacement affected area around the excavation face. Meanwhile, the deformation characteristics, such as vertical settlement and horizontal displacement of the stratum in the main influence area were analyzed. The results show that the main influence area of tunnel excavation is elliptical and distributed within a range of twice the diameter of the tunnel axis. The main influence range is bell-shaped in the vertical direction and inverted wedge-shaped in the horizontal direction. The three-dimensional space presents a “W” deformation distribution. The three-dimensional deformation theoretical model of the excavation face established in this paper can provide some references for the excavation engineering of superimposed sand-soil tunnels.
Using the geographic detector model to identify factors controlling the bioavailability of Sr isotopes in China
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Ma Xin , Wang Xueye
Published: January 2023

Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) are a widely applied tool in provenance applications in archaeology, paleoecology, forensics, and food science. Bedrock Sr is naturally and anthropogenically transferred to other reservoirs on the Earth’s surface through interactions with the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. We attempt to reassess the contribution of the spatial distribution of bioavailable strontium isotopes using the geographic detector model (GDM). Our study reveals that the watershed factor explains 50.35% of the spatial variation of bioavailable Sr isotopes, while the climate, terrain, geology, and soil explain 14.41%, 4.94%, 4.63%, and 4.70% of the spatial variation of bioavailable Sr isotopes. The factors influencing the spatial variation of bioavailable Sr isotopes in China were ranked as follows: basin > climate > terrain > geology > soil type. The nonlinear enhancements of the interactions between the watershed and geology explained 59.90% of the spatial variation in bioavailable Sr isotopes, indicating that natural processes still control the bioavailability of strontium isotopes in China. Based on the synthesized river-water isotopic data, the large-scale bioavailable Sr isoscape discussed herein can be useful for migratory studies in China. The enrichment of strontium isotope data to refine Sr isotopes, as well as the search for better data on possible controlling factors, will make the analysis more comprehensive and provide a solid foundation for explaining strontium isotope migration.
Micro-Porosity and gas emission characteristics of thermally contacted metamorphic coal by igneous intrusion
Authors: Fu Xiang , Liu Hongda , Sha Huihui , Wang Zhiquan , Liu Xuan
Published: January 2023

In order to quantitatively characterize the pore structure of thermally contacted metamorphic coal by igneous intrusion and investigate the intrinsic connection between the pore and dispersion properties of coal, the samples of metamorphic coal from different locations of Daxing Coal Mine were collected and processed. The correlative analysis on pore characteristics, including pore area, perimeter, shape factor and fractal dimension of pores with different sizes, were carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pore-fracture analysis system (PCAS). The results show that the porosity of macro- and meso-pores and the number of pores in the metamorphic coal are larger than those of the normal coal. The total length of pores per unit area and the average shape factor increase, and the connectivity of pore is raised, resulting in an enhanced gas release capacity (increased V1) within the first one second. The proportion of gas emission in the first one second of metamorphic coal is much higher than that of other coals. The decrease of pore volume and specific surface area of micropores makes the adsorption capacity weaker, which results in a decrease in the total amount of emission - smaller Δp value, and earlier inflection point and faster attenuation on the emission curve, namely an increased α value. In addition, the V1, α value and volatile content satisfy the quadratic nonlinear and linear relationships, respectively. In the prediction of outburst risk of thermally contacted metamorphic coal, it is more reasonable to use the V1 index to characterize the gas release rate.
Reservoir properties and genesis of tight sandstones—A case study from the Gaotaizi oil layer in the Qijia area, Songliao basin
Authors: Si Shanghua , Zhao Yutao , Er Chuang , Bai Yubin , Wu Weitao , He Junhao
Published: January 2023

The primary focus of oil and gas exploration for tight sandstone reservoirs is on a quantitative characterization of reservoir properties. This paper uses the tight sandstone reservoir developed in the Gaotaizi oil layer in the Qijia area of the Songliao Basin as an example. The petrology, physical properties, pore–throat characteristics, and the genesis of the densification of the oil-bearing sandstones are elucidated using casting thin-sections, scanning electron microscopy, 3D computerized tomography (CT), and petrophysical experimental techniques. The results show that the Gaotaizi oil layer is mainly composed of clastic rocks and contains small amounts of shell limestone. The clastic rocks are mainly lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone, while residual intergranular pores, intergranular dissolved pores, intragranular dissolved pores, intragranular pores and intercrystalline pores constitute the different pore types. Mercury intrusion and 3D computerized tomography analysis showed that micro-nano pores account for 53% of the total pores present. The pore–throat coordination number is distributed between 1 and 4, with an average of 1.8. The pores and throats in the Gaotaizi reservoir have poor connectivity. The porosity distribution of the Gaotaizi oil layer is 1.4%–22.5%, with an average of 9.5%, while the permeability distribution ranges from 0.01 to 27.10 mD, with an average of 0.41 mD. It is an ultra-low porosity and ultra-low permeability tight reservoir. The Gaotaizi oil layer is divided into three types of reservoirs through a systematic study of its pore developmental characteristics. Diagenetic processes like compaction and cementation result in a reduction in porosity and permeability. Compaction, calcite and siliceous cementation, and illite packing are primarily responsible for reservoir densification.
Isotopic characteristics of carbon and oxygen within ordovician carbonate paleokarst in the tazhong region and their paleoenvironmental significance
Authors: Zhang Qingyu , Liang Bin , Ji Shaocong , Li Jingrui
Published: January 2023

The Tazhong region is a key area for oil and gas exploration and development within the Tarim basin. In this region, development of Ordovician carbonate paleokarsts has been found to be extremely heterogeneous. To investigate the developmental stages of these Ordovician carbonate karsts and their corresponding paleoenvironmental conditions, oxygen and carbon isotopic characteristics of calcite paleokarst fissure fillings were examined in conjunction with rock-structure analyses. Results show that δ18O (PDB) values tend towards negative values in general, ranging from −3.97% to −12.7% (average value −7.64%), which is indicative of the presence of paleokarstificationviadissolution by atmospheric freshwater. Values of δ13C (PDB) span a relatively large range, from 2.48% to −2.13% (average value of 0.23%). This shows that the paleokarst in this area has gone through two stages of supergene and burial diagenesis, and the process of paleokarst is complex. The paleotemperature at which the karst fissure-filling deposits were formed ranged from 6.5 to 47.1°C (average value of 21.8°C), and the salinity of the medium has Z values from 117.48 to 130.24 (average value of 123.94). Four different paleokarsification settings were thus revealed: a marine depositional environment, an atmospheric freshwater karst-filling environment, a shallow-burial paleokarsification environment and a deep-burial high-temperature environment. It has thus been shown that the karst pores, fissures and caves formed by paleokarstification over multiple stages are the main reservoir spaces in this region. This study will serves as a basis for karst reservoir predictions, and exploration and development in this region.
Research on quantitative inversion of ion adsorption type rare earth ore based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Cheng Gong , Ban Yuying , Deng Xiaoqing , Li Huan , Zhang Hongrui , Li Guangqiang , Liao Lingyi , Khan Rehan
Published: January 2023

Rare earth resource is a national strategic resource, which plays an essential role in the field of high technology research and development. In this paper, we aim to use remote sensing quantitative inversion prospecting technology, use surface-to-surface mode, and model inversion and evaluation through convolutional neural network model to achieve a new research method for large-scale, low-cost, rapid and efficient exploration of ion-adsorbed rare earth ore. The results show that the RE2O3 content of samples has significant negative correlation with the second, third and fourth band of GF-2 image, but has no significant correlation with the first band of GF-2 image; the convolution neural network model can be used to reconstruct the RE2O3 content. The content distribution map of RE2O3 obtained by inversion is similar to that of geochemical map, which indicates that the convolution neural network model can be used to invert the RE2O3 content in the sampling area. The quantitative inversion results show that the content distribution characteristics of ion adsorption rare earth ore in the study area are basically consistent with the actual situation; there are two main high anomaly areas in the study area. The high anomaly area I is a known mining area, and the high anomaly area II can be a prospective area of ion adsorption type rare earth deposit. It shows that the remote sensing quantitative inversion prospecting method of ion adsorption type rare earth deposit based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) model is feasible.
Similar ratio experiment and characteristic analysis of quasi-sandstone
Authors: Yan Lianghuan , Chang Jucai , Qiao Longquan , Shi Wenbao , Wang Tuo , Pang Dongdong , Li Yuan , Guo Yijun
Published: January 2023

The stability control of surrounding rock in deep roadway is becoming more and more difficult, and grouting reinforcement support has become the mainstream of roadway control. In order to obtain the ratio of quasi-sandstone material corresponding to the grouting body, this paper uses river sand as aggregate, cement and gypsum as cementing agent, retarder and defoamer as additives, and carries out orthogonal proportioning tests with three influencing factors: water-binder ratio (ratio of water to mass of cementing agent), gypsum-cement ratio (ratio of gypsum to mass of cement) and binder-aggregate ratio (ratio of cementing agent to aggregate mass), and compares and analyzes the sensitivity of each factor on the density, compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, longitudinal wave velocity, elasticity index and brittleness index of quasi-sandstone material. The results show that 1) the Water-binder ratio has the greatest effect on the sensitivity of material compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and longitudinal wave velocity; the gypsum-cement ratio has the greatest effect on the sensitivity of material deformation index and brittleness index; the binder-aggregate ratio has the greatest effect on the sensitivity of material density. 2) Reducing the Water-binder ratio can improve the density, compressive strength and tensile strength of the material; reducing the paste ratio can improve the modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio and longitudinal wave speed of the material; as the gypsum-cement ratio increases, the deformation index first decreases and then increases and then decreases; as the binder-aggregate ratio increases, the brittleness index first increases and then decreases and then increases. 3) The empirical equations between physical and mechanical properties of sandstone-like materials and Water-binder ratio, gypsum-cement ratio and binder-aggregate ratio were established based on multiple linear regression analysis, and more reasonable material ratios were quickly obtained by physical and mechanical parameters of materials. The results of the study provide theoretical references for similar material simulation tests for quasi-sandstone grouting.
Atmospheric Lamb wave pulse and volcanic explosivity index following the 2022 Hunga Tonga (South Pacific) eruption
Authors: Dalal Prohelika , Kundu Bhaskar , Panda Jagabandhu , Jin Shuanggen
Published: January 2023

The atmospheric Lamb wave induced by the Hunga Tonga (South Pacific) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 was recorded as atmospheric pressure fluctuations at various meteorological stations around the globe, and persisted for several days after the eruption. This Lamb wave had not been reported from any eruption in the last two decades. In the present study, the barometric pressure change induced by the Lamb wave is used as a direct proxy to quantify the volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of this eruption. An empirical equation, which is used as a function of the size of the eruption and the distance of the barometric station from the source of eruption, determined from pressure-change data that the volume of the eruption was ∼8.6 km3. Accordingly, the VEI of the eruption is found to be 5. The VEI derived from the barometric pressure change is consistent with the VEI estimated through seismic waveforms, and hence can be considered a first-order parameter of the eruption.
Removing multiple types of noise of distributed acoustic sensing seismic data using attention-guided denoising convolutional neural network
Authors: Wang Cong , Huang Xingguo , Li Yue , Jensen Kristian
Published: January 2023

In recent years, distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) technology has been increasingly used for vertical seismic profile (VSP) exploration. Even though this technology has the advantages of high spatial resolution, strong resistance to high temperature and pressure variations, long sensing distance, DAS seismic noise has expanded from random noise to optical abnormal noise, fading noise and horizontal noise, etc. This seriously affects the quality of the seismic data and brings huge challenges to subsequent imaging, inversion and interpretation. Moreover, the noise is more complex and more difficult to simultaneously suppress using traditional methods. Therefore, for the purpose of effectively improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of DAS seismic data, we introduce a denoising network named attention-guided denoising convolutional neural network (ADNet). The network is composed of four blocks, including a sparse block (SB), a feature enhancement block (FEB), an attention block (AB) and a reconstruction block (RB). The network uses different kinds of convolutions alternately to enlarge the receptive field size and extract global feature of the input. Meanwhile, the attention mechanism is introduced to extract the hidden noise information in the complex background. The network predicts the noise, and denoised data are obtained by subtracting the predicted results from the noisy inputs. In addition, we uniquely construct a large number of complex forward models for pure seismic data training set to enhance the network suitability. The combination design improves the denoising performance and reduces computational cost and memory consumption. The results obtained from both synthetic- and field data illustrate that the network has the ability to denoise the seismic images and retrieve weak effective signals better than conventional methods and common networks.
New geochronological and provenance constraints on the Late Mesozoic sedimentary formations in the western Shandong Province and Tanlu fault zone, China
Authors: Meng Yuanku , Yuan Haoqi , Wang Qingling , Meng Fanxue , Ren Xiang
Published: January 2023

We present new LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U-Pb age and trace element data of the Late Mesozoic sedimentary sequences from the western Shandong and Tanlu fault zone, with the aim to constrain the depositional ages and sedimentary sources. The samples from the western Shandong have similar U-Pb age spectra, which can be divided into three major age groups, peaking age at circa 2,475–2,540 Ma, 1820–1870 Ma and 257–285 Ma, with minor Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic detrital zircon grains. The sample JN recovered from the Tanlu fault zone has an overwhelming majority of the Early Cretaceous detrital zircons with the age peak at circa 125 Ma, whereas the Archean and Paleoproterozoic detrital zircons are subordinate. The weighted average age of the youngest zircons show that the Santai Formation probably had begun deposition at circa 158 Ma and terminated deposition at circa 150 Ma, and the Tianjialou Formation of the Dasheng Group had begun deposition at circa 122 Ma. Our study indicates that the activity of the dinosaurs might occur during the Late Jurassic rather than the Cretaceous in the Shandong province. In addition, most detrital zircons of the studied samples are characterized by the high Th/U ratios and left-inclined REE patterns, revealing a magmatic origin. Morphologically, most detrital zircon grains characterized by angular to sub-rounded shapes indicate a middle-short distance transport from the source regions, whereas minor detrital zircon grains show rounded shapes, indicating a long-distance transport or multiphase recycling. According to detrital age populations in this study, combined with previously published data, we conclude that depositional provenances of the Santai Formation were mainly derived from the western Shandong and Jiao-Liao Belt, and minor detritus were derived from the northern part of the North China Craton and Xing-Meng orogenic belt. The sediments deposited in the Tanlu fault zone were mainly derived from the volcanic and subvolcanic rocks of the Qingshan period in the eastern Shandong, and subordinate depositional sources were from the Jiao-Liao and the basement uplift of the western Shandong, with minor supplier being derived from the Yinshan-Yanshan orogenic belt. The detrital provenance of the Santai Formation indicates that extension of the eastern NCC occurred during the Late Jurassic. The Neoproterozoic detrital zircons play a minor role in the studied strata, indicating that the large sinistral movement of the Tanlu fault zone might have occurred at the Early-Middle Jurassic and formed a paleogeographic separation of the western Shandong and eastern Shandong (Sulu orogenic belt).
Assessing temporal differences of baseline body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-height ratio in predicting future diabetes
Authors: Sheng Guotai , Qiu Jiajun , Kuang Maobin , Peng Nan , Xie Guobo , Chen Yuanqin , Zhang Shuhua , Zou Yang
Published: January 2023

Objective

Obesity is the prominent modifiable risk factor known to influence the occurrence and progression of diabetes other than age, and the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the predictive value of three simple baseline anthropometric indicators of obesity, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-height ratio (WHtR), for the occurrence of diabetes at different time points in the future.

Methods

The study subjects were 12,823 individuals with normoglycemic at baseline who underwent health screening and had measurements of BMI, WC, and WHtR. The outcome of interest was new-onset diabetes during follow-up. Time-dependent receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves of baseline BMI, WC, and WHtR for predicting the risk of diabetes in the next 2 to 12 years were constructed and their area under the ROC curves (AUCs) and corresponding optimal threshold values were calculated for each time point, which were used to compare the accuracy and stability of the above three indicators for predicting the occurrence of diabetes in different future periods.

Results

During a median follow-up period of 7.02 years, with a maximum follow-up of 13 years, 320 new-onset diabetes were recorded. After adjusting for confounders and comparing standardized hazard ratios (HRs), WC was shown to be the best simple anthropometric indicator of obesity reflecting diabetes risk in all models, followed by WHtR. Time-dependent ROC analysis showed that WC had the highest AUC in predicting the occurrence of diabetes in the short term (2-5 years), and WHtR had the highest AUC in predicting the occurrence of diabetes in the medium to long term (6-12 years), while in any time point, both WC and WHtR had higher AUC than BMI in predicting future diabetes. In addition, we found relatively larger fluctuations in the thresholds of BMI and WC for predicting diabetes over time, while the thresholds of WHtR consistently remained between 0.47-0.50; comparatively speaking, WHtR may have greater application value in predicting future diabetes.

Conclusions

Our analysis sustained that central obesity is a more important predictor of diabetes, and in clinical practice, we proposed measuring WHtR as a useful tool for predicting future diabetes.
Benign thyroid nodules respond to a single administration of 0.3mg recombinant human thyrotropin with highly variable volume increase
Authors: Bountouris Panagiotis , Markantes Georgios K. , Mamali Irene , Markou Kostas B. , Michalaki Marina A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

The nature of thyroid nodules is heterogenous. Most of them are benign and, in the absence of pressure symptoms of adjunct structures, no treatment is needed. Our objective was to investigate the acute effects of a low dose of recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) on the volume of benign thyroid nodules.

Methods

we studied 27 nodules (14 isoechoic and 13 hypoechoic) in 15 (11 women and 4 men; mean age: 51.0 ± 15.9 years) consecutive patients with one to three well-separated asymptomatic benign thyroid nodules. All subjects were euthyroid, with negative thyroid antibodies, and none received levothyroxine. The total thyroid volume and thyroid nodule volume were sonographically determined by two independent examiners (P.B. and M.M.) before, 48 hours and 6 months post intramuscular (IM) administration of 0.3mg rhTSH, and the mean values of the two examiners’ measurements were used; thyroid function tests were obtained at the same time points.

Results

The mean volume of isoechoic nodules increased by 57.3%, of hypoechoic nodules by 46.6% and of the surrounding thyroid parenchyma by 70.4% 48 hours post-rhTSH; mean volumes had returned to baseline levels 6 months later. A large variance in the volume change responses was observed. The relative change in nodule volume (defined as the percent change in nodule volume divided by the percent change in the surrounding parenchyma) from baseline to 48 hours was significantly higher in isoechoic versus hypoechoic nodules (p<0.05).

Conclusions

A single dose of 0.3 mg rhTSH transiently increased the volume of benign thyroid nodules. The increase was more pronounced in isoechoic nodules and had a great variability. Our findings could be useful in the management of benign thyroid nodules, by helping in understanding which nodules would be more responsive to TSH suppression therapy.
Survey of understanding and awareness of fertility preservation in pediatric patients: Is conversation about fertility preservation unpleasant for pediatric patients?
Authors: Takae Seido , Iwahata Yuriko , Sugishita Yodo , Iwahata Hideyuki , Kanamori Ryo , Shiraishi Eriko , Ito Kaoru , Suzuki Yuki , Yamaya Yoshiko , Tanaka Kunihide , Oyama Kei , Keino Dai , Nakamura Kentaro , Odawara Kei , Horage Yuki , Meng Lingbo , Igualada Arby , Faizal Ahmad Mohd , Aworet Ludmilla Ogouma , Furuta Shigeyuki , Sakamoto Miki , Mori Tetsuya , Kitagawa Hiroaki , Suzuki Nao
Published: January 2023

Objective

To verify understanding and awareness of fertility preservation (FP) in pediatric patients undergoing FP treatments.

Methods

A questionnaire survey was conducted before and after explanation of fertility issues and FP treatments for patients 6–17 years old who visited or were hospitalized for the purpose of ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) or oocyte cryopreservation (OC), or sperm cryopreservation between October 2018 and April 2022. This study was approved by the institutional review board at St. Marianna University School of Medicine (No. 4123, UMIN000046125).

Result

Participants in the study comprised 36 children (34 girls, 2 boys). Overall mean age was 13.3 ± 3.0 years. The underlying diseases were diverse, with leukemia in 14 patients (38.9%), brain tumor in 4 patients (11.1%). The questionnaire survey before the explanation showed that 19 patients (52.8%) wanted to have children in the future, but 15 (41.7%) were unsure of future wishes to raise children. And most children expressed some degree of understanding of the treatment being planned for the underlying disease (34, 94.4%). Similarly, most children understood that the treatment would affect their fertility (33, 91.7%). When asked if they would like to hear a story about how to become a mother or father after FP which including information of FP, half answered “Don’t mind” (18, 50.0%). After being provided with information about FP treatment, all participants answered that they understood the adverse effects on fertility of treatments for the underlying disease. Regarding FP treatment, 32 children (88.9%) expressed understanding for FP and 26 (72.2%) wished to receive FP. “Fear” and “Pain” and “Costs” were frequently cited as concerns about FP. Following explanations, 33 children (91.7%) answered “Happy I heard the story” and no children answered, “Wish I hadn’t heard the story”. Finally, 28 of the 34 girls (82.4%) underwent OTC and one girl underwent OC.

Discussion

The fact that all patients responded positively to the explanations of FP treatment is very informative. This is considered largely attributable to the patients themselves being involved in the decision-making process for FP.

Conclusions

Explanations of FP for children appear valid if age-appropriate explanations are provided.
Case report: A 10-year prognosis of neonatal diabetes caused by a novel INS gene mutation
Authors: Tian Mengting , Feng Yi , Liu Yanyan , Wang Hua
Published: January 2023

Background

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare form of diabetes. We analyzed a novel insulin gene (INS) mutation of a Chinese permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) patient to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics and put forward some opinions on treatment and its long-term management.

Case description

A proband was recruited who was diagnosed with permanent neonatal diabetes on his first day after birth. His clinical and follow-up data were collected for 10 years. All of the family members were given an oral glucose tolerance test. Whole exome sequencing was performed on the proband, and the genomic DNA of family members was used for verification by first-generation Sanger sequencing technology. The pathogenic variant was screened according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics classification guidelines and the clinical phenotype of the patient.

Diagnostic assessment

The proband was diagnosed on the first day after birth, presenting with low birth weight, progressive hyperglycemia, and insulin deficiency. His parents and grandfathers were confirmed to have normal blood sugar levels. A novel homozygous mutation of c.1T>C in the INS gene was detected in the proband, located in the initiation codon. The heterozygous mutations were found in four family members, including his mother, father, and grandfathers. With regular insulin injections, long-term regular follow-up, close monitoring of blood glucose, balanced exercise and diet, and psychological and mutual family support, the blood glucose level was well controlled; there were no acute or chronic complications during this decade. The patient’s growth and nervous system development are now no different to those of the same age.

Conclusion

A favorable prognosis is presented for a permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) patient with a novel mutation in the INS gene in China. The present findings indicate that the genetic diagnosis, early use of insulin, close monitoring of blood glucose, and psychological and mutual family support for patients with INS mutation are necessary for their favorable long-term prognosis.
Stability analysis of load frequency control for power systems with interval time-varying delays
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Bo Xiaoting , Duan Wenyong , Lu Qun
Published: January 2023

This study investigates the stability problem of load frequency control (LFC) for power systems with interval time-varying delays. The two categories of time delays, the lower bound being zero and non-zero, are considered. The systems can be described as time delay systems of load disturbances. First, an augmented Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) is constructed. Some delay-dependent nonintegral terms and single integral terms are additionally introduced to make full use of the information on the system state variables and the time-varying delays. Second, to overcome the problem of nonlinear inequalities caused by the augmented LKF, the nonlinear inequalities are converted into linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by applying the new negative definite inequality equivalence transformation lemma, which can be solved easily by the MATLAB LMI toolbox. A new stability criterion is presented by applying the Lyapunov stability theory. The stability criterion is less conservative than some existing literature studies, which further improves the stability margin for the power systems based on LFC. Finally, some numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and the superiority of the results.
A market decision-making model for load aggregators with flexible load
Authors: Wang Xiaodi , Su Yunche , Xu Weiting , Zhang Shuai , Zhang Yongjie
Published: January 2023

The fast development of renewable energy has resulted in great challenges to the power system, which urgently needs more flexible resources to maintain a system supply/demand balance. This paper established a multi-stage electricity market framework in the presence of a load aggregator (LA) including a day-ahead energy/reserve market and a real-time balanced market. To actively participate in the day-ahead energy market and reserve market, a load profile perception model for LA is proposed to evaluate in detail the response performance of consumers. Meanwhile, a market-bidding model of LA and a market-clearing model of the system operator for the day-ahead market are also established. To actively join the real-time balance market, a market-bidding model of LA for the real-time balance market based on surplus flexible resources is established. The system operator further clears the real-time balance market and dispatches the collected flexible resources according to the system supply-demand state. A modified IEEE 30 bus system is tested and shows that the proposed market framework can effectively promote consumers to respond to system regulation requirements and lowers the system supply-demand imbalance risk.
Remaining useful life prognostics of lithium-ion batteries based on a coordinate reconfiguration of degradation trajectory and multiple linear regression
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Li Lianfeng , Cui Weiwei , Yang Song , Wang Yao , Wang Dexin
Published: January 2023

Lithium battery has been widely applied as new energy to cope with pressures in both form environment and energy. The remaining useful life (RUL) prognostics of lithium-ion batteries have become more critical. Convenient battery life prediction allows early detection of performance deficiencies to help maintain the battery system promptly. This paper proposes a RUL prognostics model of lithium-ion batteries based on a coordinate reconfiguration of degradation trajectory and multiple linear regression. First, a new sampling rule is used to reconfigure the coordinates of degradation data of new batteries and truncated similar batteries. Then, the relationship between similar and new lithium-ion batteries is established by using the reconfiguration data. Moreover, a new RUL prognostics model based on a coordinate reconfiguration of degradation trajectory and multiple linear regression is established by considering the influence of time-varying factors, which can improve prediction accuracy with small sample data and significantly reduce product development time and cost.
The transmission ramifications of social and environmental siting considerations on wind energy deployment
Authors: Bennett Jeffrey A. , Ogland-Hand Jonathan D. , Middleton Erin J. , Eidbo Jessi B. , Prorok Matt , Ross Brian , Yaw Sean , Middleton Richard S.
Published: January 2023

Increasing the capacity of wind power is critical to achieving climate goals, however its continued deployment faces environmental and social siting challenges. For example, the United States government is increasingly emphasizing the importance of a just energy transition by considering the social impacts of energy and environmental justice (EEJ). In this study, we investigate the impact of considering available EEJ metrics and environmental impacts into siting wind power and transmission by applying SimWINDPRO. SimWINDPRO is an infrastructure optimization tool that can site wind energy technologies and transmission by concurrently considering wind resource potential, transmission costs, EEJ, and environmental impacts. We demonstrate the impacts of considering EEJ and environmental factors in the context of Midcontinent Independent System Operator’s (MISO) western region, which includes some of the best wind energy potential in the United States. We show that prioritizing EEJ and environmental considerations in wind deployment can result in exponentially more transmission deployment for the same amount of wind power delivered, and results in selecting different wind farm sites. Our results also show that, depending on how it is considered, it is possible that constraining sites based on EEJ and environmental factors can reduce the available capacity of wind energy enough that energy transition capacity targets cannot be met.
Coordinated voltage control for improved power system voltage stability by incorporating the reactive power reserve from wind farms
Authors: Liu Qunying , Song Yingxing , Jiang Yazhou , Xu Yin , Chen Shuheng
Published: January 2023

The absorption and output characteristics of reactive power of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) greatly influence the voltage stability of PCC (Point of Common Coupling) where the wind farms are integrated into the bulk power grid. This study proposes a reactive power compensation strategy for coordinated voltage control (CVC) of PCC with large-scale wind farms to achieve the expected voltage quality of the power grid through a minimum amount of control actions in emergencies. To this end, the mechanism of reactive power and voltage control inside DFIG is first analyzed. Then, the concept of reactive power reserve (RPR) sensitivity concerning control actions is introduced and an index of voltage stability margin is proposed to evaluate and analyze the distance between the current operating point and the voltage collapse point by analyzing the relationship between reactive power reserve and voltage stability margin. In the event of an emergency, critical reactive power reserves are obtained to reduce the dimension and complexity of the control problem. The sensitivity of reactive power reserve and the control are formulated into a convex quadratic programming problem to optimize the control strategies for voltage stability. The proposed technology has been validated on the IEEE 39-bus system.
The numerical simulation study on the dynamic variation of residual oil with water drive velocity in water flooding reservoir
Authors: Sun Zhaobo , Liu Yingxian , Cai Hui , Gao Yue , Jiang Ruizhong
Published: January 2023

The results of core displacement experiments show that increasing the water drive velocity when it is bigger than the limit value can effectively reduce the residual oil saturation and improve the oil displacement efficiency under the same PV. However, the existing commercial simulators (Eclipse, CMG et al.) cannot simulate the effect of water velocity on the relative permeability curve in the process of numerical simulation.

In this article, capillary number (Ca), defined as the dimensionless ratio of viscous force to capillary force, is used to characterize the relationship between water drive velocity and residual oil. Second, a new Boltzmann (BG) equation is proposed to match the nonlinear relationship between Ca and residual oil. The BG equation is a continuous function, which is very beneficial to the stability of numerical calculation. Finally, a new reservoir numerical simulator is established which captures the dynamic variation of residual oil saturation with water drive velocity in a water flooding reservoir based on the black oil model. The new simulator was verified by comparing it with the commercial reservoir simulator ECLIPSE and experimental data. The simulation results show that compared with the common model, the model considering the dynamic variation of residual oil saturation with water drive velocity reduced the residual oil saturation near the main flow line after enhanced injection rate. The oil phase flow capacity in the model is enhanced, the water cut is decreased, and the oil recovery rate is higher. The history matching of the S oilfield in Bohai Bay is achieved with the new simulator, and the history matching accuracy is obviously higher than that of Eclipse. The findings of this study can help with a better understanding of the distribution law and flow law of remaining oil in the high water cut stage of the reservoir and have good theory and application value for water flooding offshore oilfields.
An unscented kalman filtering method for estimation of state-of-charge of lithium-ion battery
Authors: Guo Jishu , Liu Shulin , Zhu Rui
Published: January 2023

Accurate estimation of battery state of charge (SOC) is of great significance to improve battery management and service life. An unscented Kalman filter (UKF) method is used to increase the accuracy of SOC estimation in this paper. Firstly, a battery model that the parameters are identified by using the least squares algorithm is established, which is foundation of the two-order RC equivalent circuit model. Secondly, SOC is estimated by UKF. In order to validate the method, experiments have been carried out under different operating conditions for LiFePO4 batteries. The obtained results are compared with that of the extended Kalman filter. Finally, the comparison shows that the UKF method provides better accuracy in the battery SOC estimation. Its estimation error is less than 2%, which is better than EKF algorithm. An effective method is provided for state estimation for battery management system.
Unveiling the spatial-temporal variation of urban land use efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt in China under carbon emission constraints
Authors: Yang Qiqi , Pu Lijie , Jiang Caixia , Gong Guofang , Tan Hongmei , Wang Xiaoqing , He Gaili
Published: January 2023

Under the constraint of carbon emission, measuring and analyzing the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of urban land use efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is the inherent requirement of its ecological protection and sustainable development. In this paper, we calculated the urban land use efficiency of 107 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2020 by using the SBM-Undesirable model with unexpected output, and analyzed its temporal evolution trend and spatial correlation relationship by using kernel density and spatial autocorrelation method. The results showed that: except in 2020, the urban land use efficiency was generally low due to the COVID-19 epidemic, and the urban land use efficiency in other years was mostly concentrated in the middle levels, and showed a trend of slow fluctuation and rise year by year. The difference of urban land use efficiency level between regions increased, and the dispersion degree in upstream, midstream and downstream increased with each passing year. Urban land use efficiency spatial imbalance was significant, and the urban land use efficiency level of large and medium-sized cities was generally lower than that of cities with low economic development level. The spatial correlation was weak, and the global spatial autocorrelation was basically insignificant, while the local spatial agglomeration areas were mainly distributed in the upstream and downstream regions, with a small distribution range and weak spatial interaction. The distribution areas of the standard deviation ellipse were gradually flattened, and the center of gravity as a whole shift significantly to the southwest. The research results are helpful to understand the development history and future trend of urban land use efficiency in various regions, and propose that cities should consider the impact of public crisis events in advance, reasonably control the scale of land expansion, and lead coordinated development and other reasonable suggestions when formulating land use policies.