bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the relationship between sales efficiency and e-commerce in private dental offices in an emerging Latin-American city
Authors: Barrientos Molina Kely Noemi , Orrego-Ferreyros Luis Alexander
Published: June 2024

Background Worldwide, e-commerce, as a business modality that uses information and communication technologies to make transactions of products and services, has become an indispensable part of the global retail market, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. E-commerce has experienced accelerated growth in recent years, driven by factors such as increased internet penetration, the expansion of mobile devices, user confidence and innovation of digital platforms. Dental offices have found e-commerce an opportunity to improve their competitiveness. The aim of the research was to establish the relationship between the indicators of efficiency maximization in sales and the type of modality of commerce used most by private dental offices within an emerging economy context in Latin-American city. Methods The study was classified as applied research with a non-experimental, correlational and exploratory design. The sample consisted of 34 private dental offices. A simple random probabilistic sampling was chosen. An instrument containing thirteen items including questions about payment, appointments or consultations, and advertising and indicators of efficiency maximization in sales, was used. Results The assessment of the relationship between the efficiency maximization indicators in sales and the commerce employed shows that, beyond cost reduction (PR=8, 95% CI [1.37; 46.81], p=0.021), the type does not have a statistically significant impact on the increase in clients, sales, revenues, and profit increase. (PR=3, 95% CI [0.28; 32.21], p=0.364). Conclusions E-commerce is significantly correlated with a reduction in operational costs.
Enhancing efficiency of hospital quality monitoring and evaluation system using linked spreadsheets on Microsoft SharePoint
Authors: Kiroro Francis , Twahir Majid , Kiura Daniel , Kamuyu Ann , Wanyoike Ann
Published: June 2024

Background Establishment of a systematic way of measurement and utilization of indicators for improvement is one of the most challenging issues in monitoring and evaluation of indicators in healthcare settings. In realizing these fundamental challenges, we designed a monitoring and evaluation system incorporating a hospital-wide quality variance report (QVR) system using linked Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets on Microsoft SharePoint®. Methods Indicators were determined at the departmental/unit level in line with the institutional goals, departmental functions, quality expectations, inputs/outputs, clinical priorities, compliance to policies/procedures/protocols/guidelines/pathways as well as in response to gaps in service delivery picked during root cause analyses. The sample design was determined in accordance with the characteristics of the population. Drawing of sample units was done using a simple random sampling technique without replacement or systematic random sampling. The indicator’s monitoring was enhanced visually by allocating colour codes based on performance across the months and quarters. The action plan tab consisted of a platform that aids in documenting corrective actions arising from the performance reviews. Results and discussion The QVR reporting system ensured a standardized format of monitoring throughout the institution with a reduced turnaround time from data collection to analysis. Further, continuity of the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system was guaranteed even if an individual left the institution. The analysis of the QVR allowed hospital-wide trending on cross-cutting indicators with consequent ease of communication to multiple stakeholders. The automation has saved time and increased accuracy which has enhanced credible engagements during quality meetings. Conclusions Use of this system greatly enhanced quality performance monitoring in the hospital, identification of major bottlenecks that warranted hospital-wide projects or departmental-level projects. The QVR system enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of quality monitoring from data collection through to performance reviews. The QVR structure allows for customized development of an M&E database application software.
HF radio path modeling by waveguide approach
Authors: Ponomarchuk Sergey , Kurkin Vladimir , Ilyin Nikolay , Penzin Maksim
Published: June 2024

We present a scheme for modeling HF radio signal characteristics along paths of different lengths, which is based on the waveguide approach — the normal mode method. We use a representation of the recorded signal field in the form of Green function products of the angular operator, excitation coefficients, and reception coefficients of individual normal modes. Algorithms have been developed for calculating distance-frequency, frequency-angular, and amplitude characteristics of signals in large spatial regions through analysis and numerical summation of normal mode series. We have implemented a complex algorithm for simulating propagation conditions of HF radio signals, which includes a medium model, algorithms for calculating signal characteristics, and operational diagnostics of radio channel. We have compared the results of the HF signal propagation characteristic modeling and the experimental oblique sounding data obtained along paths of different lengths and orientation. To analyze experimental ionograms, determine the maximum usable frequencies for propagation modes along radio paths, we employ the method of automatic processing and interpretation of oblique sounding ionograms.
Respektowanie potencjału rozwojowego uczniów i refleksja nad własnym doświadczeniem – bycie nauczycielem i wychowawcą według Stanisława Dunina-Borkowskiego (1864–1934)
Authors: Kochanowicz Jerzy Eugeniusz
Published: June 2024

W 2024 roku mija 160. rocznica urodzin i 90. rocznica śmierci ks. Stanisława Dunina-Borkowskiego SJ, cenionego w krajach niemieckojęzycznych filozofa, nauczyciela, wychowawcy i autora poczytnych prac poświęconych wychowaniu. Myśl pedagogiczna tego jezuity, urodzonego we wpływowej polskiej rodzinie szlacheckiej spod Lwowa, nie jest szerzej znana w Polsce. Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wybranych wątków pedeutologii Stanisława Dunina-Borkowskiego na podstawie analizy jego pedagogicznej autobiografii wydanej w 1926 roku. Autor, posługując się metodą analizy dokumentów osobistych, skoncentrował się na podkreślanym przez Stanisława Dunina-Borkowskiego osobotwórczym znaczeniu autorytetów edukacyjnych dla bycia nauczycielem, na jego predylekcji do jednostek ponadprzeciętnych przygotowywanych do bycia liderami życia społecznego oraz na postulowanym przez niego poszanowaniu potencjału rozwojowego wychowanków, które pozostaje do dzisiaj trwałym dziedzictwem europejskiej myśli pedagogicznej przełomu XIX i XX wieku.
Youth voice finds a new home
Authors: Hayes Derren
Published: June 2024

National Youth Agency steps up to run the UK Youth Parliament after collapse of previous host body
The Harawayan Bee Hotel: a tool to catalyse emancipatory change within and beyond the Education for Sustainable Development agenda in pre-service teacher training
Authors: Bernardini Marco , Reed Johnson Jo Anna
Published: June 2024

The notion of the Anthropocene has become a popular (and contested) term to describe the times we live in; among other things, it alerts us to the damage mainstream Western-centred anthropocentrism has wreaked on nature: in so doing, the Anthropocene signals that for life as we know it to continue, a more sustainable relationship with nature must be urgently implemented.

The article will discuss a project that emerged as part of a teacher education programme in the UK where selected insights elaborated by Donna Haraway have been used to inform a Bee Hotel project. The resulting ‘Harawayan’ Bee Hotel (HBH) was used as a catalyst to help trainee teachers to both blend climate education into the standard curriculum to be delivered during their placements and, importantly, to introduce them to a new conceptualisation of nature. Specifically, trainee teachers were presented with, and encouraged to integrate into their teaching practices, a vision of nature that recognises and respects its uniqueness, agency and worth, and that accepts that some level of ecological instrumentalisation and destruction is necessary for human life.

The article will argue that the HBH acts as a microcosm where it is possible to forge and practice, for both present and future generations, an ethics that encourages the establishment of a respectful relationship with nature, facilitating the meeting of SDGs and offering the thinking tools to go beyond them.
When Democracy Is on the Ballot
Authors: Ignatieff Michael
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Democratic self-rule is an unending argument about what democracy is. In normal times, democracy reproduces its legitimacy by its routine operation. In times of political crisis, however, the defining issue of an election can become the commitment of adversaries to the rules of the democratic game. At such times, polarization can become lethal to the very system that both sides say they are committed to maintaining. All democracies could use serious institutional reform, but we will not begin unless we abandon the illusion that democracy's problems would be solved if we could just defeat authoritarian populists at the ballot box. It is our institutions, not just the players, that need changing.
Is Democracy Bad for Lgbt+ Rights?
Authors: Velasco Kristopher , Baral Siddhartha , Tang Yun (Nancy)
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The historical bond between democracy and LGBT+ rights is unraveling globally. With gender and sexuality issues gaining political prominence, anti-LGBT+ forces are exploiting democratic institutions—both majoritarian and nonmajoritarian—to successfully curtail LGBT+ rights. Can democracy still protect and advance LGBT+ rights? This essay contends that as recent empirical developments challenge the longstanding connection between democracy and LGBT+ rights, they also call for a conceptual reassessment. Rather than viewing LGBT+ rights as an outcome of democracy, this essay proposes treating them as constitutive of democracy, particularly in its liberal form. It further offers normative as well as pragmatic justifications for this conceptual shift.
Label-Free Tracking of Myelin Dynamics in Subcortical White Matter of a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis using Third Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Authors: Chernavsky Nicole E. , Hong Nuri , Lamont Michael , Trigiani Lianne J , Nishimura Nozomi , Schaffer Chris B.
Published: June 2024

Third harmonic generation with 1320-nm, femtosecond pulses can visualize individual myelinated axons in subcortical white matter through intact cortex of live mice. In a cuprizone multiple sclerosis model, this enabled longitudinal tracking of myelin damage.
High-Speed Wide-Field Optical Imaging of Voltage and Hemodynamics
Authors: Meyer-Baese Lisa , Bian Yuyang , Wang Yunmiao , Jaeger Dieter , Keilholz Shella
Published: June 2024

Through-skull wide-field imaging in awake mice was used to compare functional connectivity in neuronal voltage signals across different frequencies to those obtained from a red reference fluorophore used to track optical fluctuations due to hemodynamics.
Longitudinal Evolution of Capillary Stalling in Post-Ischemia Stroke Penumbra
Authors: Tang Rockwell P. , Long Emily , Kelley Shannon , Küreli Gülce , Jiang John , Shah Shashwat , Simkulet Matthew , Bressan Piergiulio , Giblin John T. , Kura Sreekanth , Erdener Şefik E. , Boas David A.
Published: June 2024

By characterizing longitudinal changes in microvascular flow disruptions post-stroke, we investigate the significance of capillary stalling in recoverable peri-infarct tissues in connection to long-term outcome with the potential for therapeutics.
Towards two-photon all-optical electrophysiology with acousto-optic scanning
Authors: Pisoni M. , Houssen Y Goulam , Mathieu B. , Bizouard P. , Dieudonné S. , Bathellier B.
Published: June 2024

We explored ultrafast local volume excitation method for multiple neurons investigation. By employing low repetition rate femtosecond lasers and an AOD-based microscope, we achieved precise spatial and temporal photostimulation of neuron ensembles in vivo.
Neuromonitoring of Cerebral Oxygenation and Cortical Networks in Pediatric ECMO Patients Using High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography
Authors: McMorrow Sophia R. , George Tessa G. , Sobolewski Chloe M. , Yang Dalin , Park Sung Min , King Kelsey T. , Said Ahmed S. , Eggebrecht Adam T.
Published: June 2024

We measured cortical hemodynamics in pediatric patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using high-density diffuse optical tomography. Results demonstrate the feasibility of this technology for continuous bedside neuromonitoring of cerebral oxygenation and functional connectivity.
Stand-alone segmentation of blood flow pulsatility with diffuse correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Bharadwaj Srinidhi , Urner Tara M. , Cowdrick Kyle R. , Brothers Rowan O. , Boodooram Tisha , Zhao Hongting , Goyal Vidisha , Sathialingam Eashani , Quadri Ayesha , Turrentine Katherine , Akbar Mariam M. , Triplett Sydney E. , Buckley Erin M.
Published: June 2024

We develop and test a signal processing method for extracting individual cardiac pulses of microvascular cerebral blood flow assessed with diffuse correlation spectroscopy without the use of an exogenous physiological reference signal.
A 16-Channel Time-Multiplexed System for Functional Time-Domain Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy with SNSPDs
Authors: Renna Marco , Robinson Mitchell B. , Starkweather Zachary , Muldoon Ailis , Franceschini Maria Angela , Carp Stefan A.
Published: June 2024

We present a novel 16-channel system for multiplexed time-domain functional diffuse correlation spectroscopy based on a custom amplified 1064 nm laser source and SNSPD detection. We demonstrate measurements of motor and prefrontal cortex activity.
Interferometric Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (iNIRS) Reveals that Blood Flow Index Depends on Wavelength
Authors: Mazumder Dibbyan , Kholiqov Oybek , Srinivasan Vivek J.
Published: June 2024

Blood flow index (BFI) is an optically accessible parameter that is a proxy for tissue perfusion. With interferometric near-infrared spectroscopy, we find that the dynamic scattering probability is wavelength-dependent, cautioning against comparing BFI across wavelengths.
Exploring intracranial pressure variations through transcranial hybrid diffuse optical measurements in benign external hydrocephalus
Authors: Tagliabue S. , Maruccia F. , Parfentyeva V. , Fischer J. B. , Rosas K. , Piella G. , Alvarez I. Delgado , Baguena M. , Cano P. , Poca M. A. , Durduran T.
Published: June 2024

Alterations in microvascular cerebral blood flow, oxygenation and metabolism measured by diffuse optical spectroscopies, provide insights into intracranial pressure alterations.
Mapping Brain Function During Motor Imitation and Observation in Autistic and Non-autistic Adults and Children
Authors: George Tessa G. , Yang Dalin , Sobolewski Chloe M. , McMorrow Sophia R. , Park Sung Min , Nebel Mary Beth , Tunçgenç Bahar , Vidal René , Marrus Natasha M. , Mostofsky Stewart H. , Eggebrecht Adam T.
Published: June 2024

We successfully leveraged HD-DOT to map brain function in autistic and non-autistic adults and children during motor observation and imitation. Multiple cortical regions are differentially activated in autistic adults and children.
Quantifying Drug-Receptor Engagement using Macroscopic Fluorescence Lifetime FRET in vivo Imaging
Authors: Verma Amit , Pandey Vikas , Yuan Nanxue , Sherry Catherine , Humphrey Taylor , James Christopher , Young Tynan , Williams John C , Intes Xavier , Barroso Margarida
Published: June 2024

Our study demonstrates the utility of macroscopic fluorescence lifetime (MFLI) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging to non-invasively monitor targeted drug tumor delivery via quantitative assessment of meditope-labeled antibody-receptor engagement in intact, live tumor xenografts.
Cross-Polarized Microscopy of Pigmented Cells In Vivo
Authors: Romero Rafael , Kim Yongjun , Zhao Jingwei , Stratton Delaney , Sugimura Momoka , Marcelino Kenneth , Curiel-Lewandrowski Clara , Kang Dongkyun
Published: June 2024

We have developed a cross-polarized microscope (CPM) that could visualize pigmented cells in human skin in vivo. The CPM device allowed for visualization of pigmented cells over a relatively large skin area (2.6 mm2), which could facilitate the spatial registration between CPM and standard dermatoscopy.
Label-Free 3D Microscopy Platform Confirms and Uncovers Biomarkers of Kidney Nephropathy and Liver Cancer
Authors: Fung Anthony A. , Jain Sanjay , Shi Lingyan
Published: June 2024

Limited tissue availability makes multiplexed biomedical imaging a challenge due to spectral and chromatic overlap. Combining SRS, SHG, and TPF microscopies, we analyzed biomolecular and morphological biomarkers in diabetic kidney disease and liver cancer.
Clinical Translation of Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Detection of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus Biofilms in Orthopaedic Trauma Patients
Authors: Demidov Valentin , Demidova Natalia , Gunn Jason R. , Vitkin I. Alex , Elliott Jonathan T. , Gitajn I. Leah
Published: June 2024

Here we report the methodology development and the first clinical translation of optical coherence tomography-based detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms developed on bone surface after open tibia fracture surgery.
OCT Viability Imaging of 3D Microtissues
Authors: Zein-Sabatto Ahbid , Bico Adrian , Woo Madison , Fariha Ramisa , Ip Blanche , Hoffman-Kim Diane , Morgan Jeffrey , Lee Jonghwan
Published: June 2024

Functional precision medicine directly screens chemotherapeutics in patient tissue; however, technical challenges limit its clinical feasibility. OCT viability imaging in 3D microtissues overcomes these limitations and has shown tissue and treatment specific changes in viability.
Clinical optoretinography for disease applications
Authors: Langlo Christopher S. , Maddipatla Reddikumar , Vienola Kari V. , Bartuzel Maciej M. , Pijewska Ewelina , Zawadzki Robert J. , Jonnal Ravi S.
Published: June 2024

Optoretinography (ORG) is an emerging non-invasive assay of retinal function using phase-sensitive imaging such as OCT. Here we use a novel, proto-clinical, velocity-based ORG method to measure functional changes in patients with retinal disease.
Dual Spectrometer Alignment, Optimization, and Phantom-based Recalibration Towards Retinal Measurement via Balanced Detection Low-cost Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Price Hillel B. , Jelly Evan , Lu Kechao , O’Kane Erin , Cox Brian , Miller David A. , Wax Adam P.
Published: June 2024

Low-cost OCT has point-of-care diagnostic potential for retinal measurements related to neurodegenerative diseases in low resource environments. We present methods for improved retinal imaging in low-cost OCT via implementation of balanced detection.
High resolution in vivo 4D-OCT fish eye imaging using deep learning
Authors: Zuo Ruizhi , Wei Shuwen , Wang Yaning , Irsch Kristina , Kang Jin U.
Published: June 2024

Optical coherence tomograph (OCT) volumetric imaging is slow and prone to involuntary motion. To acquire motion-free in vivo tissue images, a deep-learning based 4D-OCT system is developed with 10Hz C-scan rate and high resolution.
Floquet engineering of electronic states and optical absorption in laterally-coupled quantum rings under a magnetic field
Authors: Liu Guanghui , Wang Sulei , Wang Donghao , Chen Gengyan , Wu Feng , Liu Yecai , Zheng Yunbao , Dai Jun , Guo Kangxian , Tao Yongchun , Lu Liangliang
Published: June 2024

Tuning electronic and optical properties of low-dimensional quantum systems in a flexible way is of particular importance in designing semiconductor-based devices. Semiconductor quantum rings (QRs) are nanoscopic structures that have become promising systems for physical and technological applications due to their unique electronic and optical properties. Here, we explore the fundamental electronic and optical properties of laterally-coupled QRs by taking into account the combined effects of applied magnetic and non-resonant terahertz intense laser fields. The laser-dressed electronic states are solved using the Floquet theory of periodically driven quantum systems in high-frequency limits within the framework of effective mass approximation. We demonstrate that increasing the laser field parameter leads to reduced tunnel splitting in the energy spectrum and more pronounced Aharonov-Bohm oscillations for the ground state energy, due to the attenuation of the tunnel coupling. Furthermore, depending on the position of the avoided crossings in Aharonov-Bohm oscillations of laterally-coupled quantum rings, the evolution of the avoided crossings with increasing the laser field parameter can be elucidated as the attenuated tunnel coupling or the competition between the attenuated tunnel coupling and the strengthening anisotropy of the laser-dressed QR potential well. The intensity of the intraband optical transition of laterally-coupled QRs can be effectively tuned and reaches a larger value by manipulating the laser parameter and magnetic field. Optical Aharonov-Bohm oscillations in laterally-coupled QRs are still exhibited by changing laser field parameters. Our findings offer a novel approach to manipulate the electronic and optical performances as well as the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations based on the laterally-coupled QRs by using an intense terahertz laser field.
Tailoring resonant modes in dual cavities for transmissive structural colors with high brightness and high purity
Authors: Jung Incheol , Kim Hyeonwoo , Ju Seongcheol , Kim Donggyu , Kwak Hojae , Wang Haozhu , Jay Guo L. , Park Hui Joon , Ok Jong G. , Lee Kyu-Tae
Published: June 2024

We present quad-layered structural color filters producing transmissive red (R), green (G), and blue (B) colors with high brightness and high purity, where thicknesses of layers for the RGB colors are optimized by using a L-BFGS-B algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed structural color filters, computer-based inverse designs based on meta-heuristic and reinforcement learning algorithms are employed, where the optical properties obtained from the inverse designs are comparable to those shown in our proposed design. A peak separation phenomenon in dual cavities is applied to make a spectral response rectangular, and also a resonance order is optimally tailored to maximize the transmittance at a resonant wavelength with the suppression of undesired higher-order resonances at the same time for achieving pure colors. Transmission efficiency over 75% and the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) less than 90 nm are achieved. Besides, selecting a cavity medium with a high refractive index allows the optical properties of the structural color filters to remain almost constant in wavelength over a broad range of incident angles up to 60°. Moreover, only a few deposition steps are necessary, thus leading to a much simple fabrication as compared to previous works that involve a series of complicated lithographic processes. The approach described in this study may provide new ways for achieving diverse applications, such as displays, imaging devices, decorations, and colored solar cells.
Open-source FlexNIRS: Current Applications and the Latest Developments of a Low-cost Wireless Wearable Cerebral Oximeter
Authors: Wu Kuan-Cheng , Renna Marco , Sunwoo John , Martin Alyssa , Starkweather Zachary , Robinson Mitchell , Dadgostar Mehrdad , Einalou Zahra , Carp Stefan , Salat David , Franceschini Maria Angela
Published: June 2024

The second-generation FlexNIRS provides a 266 Hz sampling rate and hardware modifications for better form factor, wearability, and multi-modal acquisition. It is currently adopted in multiple clinical measurement campaigns focusing on pulsatile component analysis.
Non-Invasive, Cerebral Blood Volume Measurements During Sleep: Toward Naturalistic Measurements of Glymphatic Flux
Authors: Otic Nikola , Renna Marco , Lewis Laura , Franceschini Maria Angela , Robinson Mitchell B
Published: June 2024

The hemodynamic sources of glymphatic flow are typically measured using MRI. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of measuring cerebral hemodynamics through NIRS toward the goal of estimating glymphatic flux in a naturalistic setting.
Modified Beer-Lambert Algorithm to Improve the Pulsatile Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy Blood Flow Signal
Authors: Baker Wesley B. , Forti R.M. , White B.R. , Lynch J.M. , Yodh A.G. , Kilbaugh T.J. , Ko T.S.
Published: June 2024

We introduce a modified Beer-Lambert scheme to measure pulsatile blood flow with diffuse correlation spectroscopy. Compared to traditional correlation diffusion analysis, the scheme improved accuracy in simulations and in a pig model of hydrocephalus.
Longitudinal monitoring of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer using diffuse optical tomography
Authors: Muldoon Ailis C. , Cormier Jayne , Saksena Mansi A. , Niehoff Elizabeth , Isakoff Steven J. , Carp Stefan A. , Deng Bin
Published: June 2024

We present analysis showing the utility of functional diffuse optical tomography for monitoring tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We demonstrate that optical imaging markers outperform mammographic imaging in differentiating between outcome groups.
Analysis of salivary biomarkers for point-of-care sensors detecting head and neck cancer and infections by SERS/MD approach
Authors: Farnesi Edoardo , Rinaldi Silvia , Liu Chen , Ballmaier Jonas , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Schmitt Michael , Cialla-May Dana , Popp Juergen
Published: June 2024

We propose a proof-of-concept study combining SERS and MD simulations, which give leave to explore the biomolecular absorption mechanism on nanoparticle surfaces, to detect salivary Interleukin-8 and Lysozyme, implicated in oropharyngeal carcinoma and oral infections.
Depth Sensitivity with Time Domain Diffuse Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Gandolfi Valerio , Bossi Alessandro , Bargigia Ilaria , Martelli Fabrizio , Pifferi Antonio
Published: June 2024

Time Domain Diffuse Raman Spectroscopy permits extraction of Raman spectra from deep (cm) tissues non-invasively. We propose a model to quantify the probed depth and experimental measurements to test its validity.
Light-guided Dynamic Phantom to Mimic Microvascular for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Ma Hui , Angelone Dario , Guadagno Claudia Nunzia , Gautam Rekha , Andersson-Engels Stefan , Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata
Published: June 2024

we presented a dynamic phantom to mimic vascular changes in human body. The photoplethysmogram was simulated and validated on a multispectral imaging system. The phantom has promising applications to standardize biomedical technologies.
Optical Image Encryption and Classification Using Deep Neural Networks for IoT Applications
Authors: Yadav Poonam , Singh Hukum
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we present a novel method for encrypting images using double random phase encoding (DRPE) and securely storing them in the cloud without decryption. These encrypted images are classified using deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) in the cloud, eliminating the need for data decryption, and enhancing privacy. This approach has promising applications in fields like medicine and transportation, offering high-speed encryption and secure cloud storage while maintaining excellent image classification performance.
Prostate cancer risk stratification via 3D pathology with deep learning-assisted nerve and vessel analysis
Authors: Chow Sarah S. L. , Serafin Robert , Wang Rui , Xie Weisi , Liu Jonathan T. C.
Published: June 2024

We implement a 3D segmentation workflow on volumetric prostate cancer datasets that involves training a deep learning model to generate synthetic immunofluorescence images highlighting vessels or nerves. The 3D analysis of prostate cancer cells in relation to vessels and nerves is being explored for patient risk assessment.
Full-Head fNIRS Data Generator Coupled with a Neural Posterior Estimation
Authors: Eastmond Condell , De Suvranu , Radev Stefan T. , Intes Xavier
Published: June 2024

We generate synthetic fNIRS time series data with preserved spatiotemporal information, including systemic physiology, using Mesh-based Monte Carlo modeling. To replicate experimental data features, we iteratively calibrate the parameter space of the simulator with BayesFlow.
Updated Recommendations of Optical Properties for Cerebrospinal Fluid in Diffusion-Based Models of the Brain
Authors: Lewis Aiden , Fang Qianqian
Published: June 2024

We re-examine widely-adopted equivalent optical properties for cerebrospinal-fluid in diffusion-based fNIRS analyses by minimizing modeling errors under various metrics. Our new recommendations, µ
a
= 0.004/mm and µ′ = 0.14/mm, largely eliminate mismatches against Monte-Carlo-based reference solutions.
Neuroinflammation and Autoregulation During Pediatric Extracorporeal Life Support
Authors: Tabet Margherita , McAtee Annabel M. , Custer Chasity , Sanford Ethan , Weldon-Carroll RyanCole , Sharma Jayesh , Abioye Aliya , Sirsi Deepa , Singh Sumit , Morriss Michael C. , Turchan-Cholewo Jadwiga T. , Olson DaiWai , Raman Lakshmi , Stowe Ann M. , Busch David R.
Published: June 2024

Extracorporeal life support is lifesaving; however, many survivors suffer neurological injury and current monitoring tools are insufficient to guide therapy. We demonstrate continuous monitoring and serial neuroinflammatory assessment in the first 48 hours, comparing results to neuroimaging.
Portable multiparametric microscope for functional imaging of tongue tumors in small animals in vivo
Authors: Saha Pranto Soumik , Yan Jing , Zhu Caigang
Published: June 2024

We report a portable multiparametric microscope for simultaneous imaging of the key metabolic and vascular endpoints of tongue tumors in small animals in vivo
Multimodal Imaging Platform Integrating Quantitative Phase Microscopy and Fluorescence Live-Cell Imaging
Authors: Porras-Aguilar Rosario , Ortega Natalith Palacios
Published: June 2024

This study presents a cost-effective, multimodal imaging platform using liquid crystals for dynamic, high-specificity cellular analysis, merging label-free quantitative phase microscopy with fluorescence imaging.
Verification of Fiber-less Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy using Reactive Hyperemia Test
Authors: Yamamoto Tomoya , Nakabayashi Mikie , Ichinose Masashi , Ono Yumie
Published: June 2024

Assessing the quality of autocorrelation function and the physiological indices obtained from reactive hyperemia test, this study showed a potential use of fiber-less laser diodes as a light source for diffuse correlation spectroscopy.
Blood pressure estimation using pulse transit time between two peripheral points
Authors: Tabuchi Tohko , Mizuno Haruka , Nakabayashi Mikie , Ichinose Masashi , Ono Yumie
Published: June 2024

Significantly strong correlations were obtained between blood pressure and pulse wave propagation time between two peripheral points, providing the potential for future continuous blood pressure estimation with pulse wave sensors.
Can LIDARs address skin color bias?
Authors: Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata , Guadagno Claudia Nunzia , Andersson-Engels Stefan
Published: June 2024

We evaluated fundamental properties of time-domain near-infrared spectroscopy to overcome color bias in NIRS devices. The Monte Carlo simulations, phantoms, and preliminary in vivo pseudo phantom-human measurements demonstrate how the effect of the superficial layer (skin color layer) can be eliminated to achieve bias-free sensing.
Multispectral optical sensor for monitoring psychological stress
Authors: Barygina Victoria , Baria Enrico , Goretti Francesco , Cravero Elena , Hayat Saqib , Pavone Francesco S.
Published: June 2024

We tested the in vivo application of different optical techniques (Raman spectroscopy, reflectance spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy) in a multimodal, label-free and non-invasive configuration for identifying possible biomarkers of psychological stress in skin tissue.
Data Processing and Analysis Workflow for 3D Microscopy Datasets of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Han Qinghua , Brenes David Roberto , Sellers Drew , Liu Jonathan T.C.
Published: June 2024

We introduce an open-source 3D microscopy image-processing workflow to examine morphological and molecular features in mouse brains after traumatic brain injury.
A D-Shaped Circular Photonic Crystal Fiber based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor
Authors: Agarwal Akshat , Shrivastava Piyush , Saharia Ankur , Tiwari Manish
Published: June 2024

A D-shaped PCF-based SPR biosensor design comprising four circular rings of air holes and 90 nm plasmonic gold layer is proposed for precise detection of analyte of specific RI( refractive index) range from 1.33 to 1.48.
Time Domain Multi-Wavelength Diffuse Optics for Breast Cancer Management
Authors: Taroni P. , Cubeddu R. , Dalla Mora A. , Di Sieno L. , Maffeis G. , Mule N. , Pifferi A.
Published: June 2024

Time-domain multi-wavelength diffuse optics (635-1060 nm) can be applied for the estimate of tissue composition, and effectively contribute to different stages of breast cancer management, including diagnosis, monitoring of therapy, and risk assessment.
Combining Tissue Oxygenation and Thermal Maps to Monitor Healing Status of Diabetic Foot Ulcers using Smartphone-based Imaging Devices
Authors: Chiwo Fernando S. , Leizaola Daniela , Kaile Kacie , Hernandez Maria Hernandez , Avila Ricardo A. , Sousa Renato , Ponce Jose P. , Mathis Stanley , Trinidad Alexander L. , Vedere Nikhil , Roy Himaddri S. , Leizaola Manuel I. , Armstrong David G. , Godavarty Anuradha
Published: June 2024

Tissue oxygenation and thermal maps together were used to monitor the healing status in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) using smartphone-based NIRS and thermal imaging devices. These combined physiological measurements differentiate healing and non-healing DFUs.
MRI guide NIR spectral tomography (NIRST) system for breast cancer detection
Authors: Zhao Mengyang , Feng Jinchao , Cao Xu , Zhou Mingwei , Xia Luxi , Pogue Brian W. , Paulsen Keith D. , Jiang Shudong
Published: June 2024

Phantom and normal subject studies have been carried out to validate the performance of a novel wearable optical breast interface-based MRI-guided near-infrared spectroscopic tomographic (MRg-NIRST) imaging system for breast cancer detection.
Scattering-Based Light Sheet Microscopy Imaging of Fresh Anoscopic Biopsy Specimens
Authors: Liang Brooke , Zhao Jingwei , Kim Yongjun , Khan Michelle , Kang Dongkyun , Yang Eric
Published: June 2024

Anal cancer screening may be improved by in vivo visualization with scattering-based light sheet microscopy (sLSM). Ex vivo sLSM images of fresh anal biopsies exhibit diagnostic features akin to traditional histopathology slides.
Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Plasmonic Photothermal Therapy Response
Authors: Vilches Clara , Fernández-Esteberena Pablo , Durduran Turgut
Published: June 2024

Cancer physiology variability demands personalization for effective treatment strategies. We demonstrate the utility of diffuse optical tools to monitor differential responses to plasmonic photothermal therapy and move towards developing optimized treatment plans.
Design and Validation of a Multimodal Spatially Offset System Comprising Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Mordi April , Karunakaran Varsha , Rajaram Narasimhan
Published: June 2024

A multimodal spectroscopy system combining diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy and a probe designed with spatial offsets for both modalities were developed, and sampling depth of the probe was validated.
Low and high beta rhythms have different motor cortical sources and distinct roles in movement control and spatiotemporal attention
Authors: Nougaret Simon , López-Galdo Laura , Caytan Emile , Poitreau Julien , Barthélemy Frédéric V. , Kilavik Bjørg Elisabeth
Published: June 2024

Low and high beta frequency rhythms were observed in the motor cortex, but their respective sources and behavioral correlates remain unknown. We studied local field potentials (LFPs) during pre-cued reaching behavior in macaques. They contained a low beta band (<20 Hz) dominant in primary motor cortex and a high beta band (>20 Hz) dominant in dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). Low beta correlated positively with reaction time (RT) from visual cue onset and negatively with uninstructed hand postural micro-movements throughout the trial. High beta reflected temporal task prediction, with selective modulations before and during cues, which were enhanced in moments of increased focal attention when the gaze was on the work area. This double-dissociation in sources and behavioral correlates of motor cortical low and high beta, with respect to both task-instructed and spontaneous behavior, reconciles the largely disparate roles proposed for the beta rhythm, by suggesting band-specific roles in both movement control and spatiotemporal attention.
Differences in the consolidation by spontaneous and evoked ripples in the presence of active dendrites
Authors: Jauch Jannik , Becker Moritz , Tetzlaff Christian , Fauth Michael Jan
Published: June 2024

Ripples are a typical form of neural activity in hippocampal neural networks associated with the replay of episodic memories during sleep as well as sleep-related plasticity and memory consolidation. The emergence of ripples has been observed both dependent as well as independent of input from other brain areas and often coincides with dendritic spikes. Yet, it is unclear how input-evoked and spontaneous ripples as well as dendritic excitability affect plasticity and consolidation.

Here, we use mathematical modeling to compare these cases. We find that consolidation as well as the emergence of spontaneous ripples depends on a reliable propagation of activity in feed-forward structures which constitute memory representations. This propagation is facilitated by excitable dendrites, which entail that a few strong synapses are sufficient to trigger neuronal firing. In this situation, stimulation-evoked ripples lead to the potentiation of weak synapses within the feed-forward structure and, thus, to a consolidation of a more general sequence memory. However, spontaneous ripples that occur without stimulation, only consolidate a sparse backbone of the existing strong feed-forward structure.

Based on this, we test a recently hypothesized scenario in which the excitability of dendrites is transiently enhanced after learning, and show that such a transient increase can strengthen, restructure and consolidate even weak hippocampal memories, which would be forgotten otherwise. Hence, a transient increase in dendritic excitability would indeed provide a mechanism for stabilizing memories.
A simulation study on the antiarrhythmic mechanisms of established agents in myocardial ischemia and infarction
Authors: Li Qince , Yan Zheng , Wang Zhen , Liang Cuiping , Wang Xiqian , Wu Xianghu , Wang Wei , Yuan Yongfeng , Wang Kuanquan
Published: June 2024

Patients with myocardial ischemia and infarction are at increased risk of arrhythmias, which in turn, can exacerbate the overall risk of mortality. Despite the observed reduction in recurrent arrhythmias through antiarrhythmic drug therapy, the precise mechanisms underlying their effectiveness in treating ischemic heart disease remain unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of specialized drugs designed explicitly for the treatment of myocardial ischemic arrhythmia. This study employs an electrophysiological simulation approach to investigate the potential antiarrhythmic effects and underlying mechanisms of various pharmacological agents in the context of ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). Based on physiological experimental data, computational models are developed to simulate the effects of a series of pharmacological agents (amiodarone, telmisartan, E-4031, chromanol 293B, and glibenclamide) on cellular electrophysiology and utilized to further evaluate their antiarrhythmic effectiveness during ischemia. On 2D and 3D tissues with multiple pathological conditions, the simulation results indicate that the antiarrhythmic effect of glibenclamide is primarily attributed to the suppression of efflux of potassium ion to facilitate the restitution of [K+]o, as opposed to recovery of IKATP during myocardial ischemia. This discovery implies that, during acute cardiac ischemia, pro-arrhythmogenic alterations in cardiac tissue’s excitability and conduction properties are more significantly influenced by electrophysiological changes in the depolarization rate, as opposed to variations in the action potential duration (APD). These findings offer specific insights into potentially effective targets for investigating ischemic arrhythmias, providing significant guidance for clinical interventions in acute coronary syndrome.
Microbial dynamics in rapidly transforming Arctic proglacial landscapes
Authors: Marsh Grace , Chernikhova Darya , Thiele Stefan , Altshuler Ianina
Published: June 2024

Arctic glacial environments are rapidly changing, as the Arctic warms at a rate three to four times faster than the global average (the phenomenon known as Arctic amplification). Microorganisms are uniquely adapted to extreme glacial environments and studying how ecological and climatic feedback loops affect the diversity of these communities is crucial to the characterisation of vulnerable Arctic habitats. Glacial landscapes span a wide range of habitats, from glacier ice to marine waters, and encompass terrestrial, aquatic, and interzonal systems. While glacier shrinkage has been the focus of scientific attention, auxiliary habitats are also impacted by rapid glacier retreat. Auxiliary habitats include terrestrial systems, such as outwash plains, vegetated periglacial environments, and aquatic systems, such as glacier-fed streams, lakes, and glacier-adjacent marine environments. Glacier recession drives high-impact changes in glacier-associated habitats: rising temperatures, increased light penetration of glacial streams, changes in nitrogen-to-phosphate ratios, and increases in availability of glacier-derived organic compounds. In turn, microbial systems in these habitats may experience changes in nutrient dynamics and shifts in community structures. The exposure of new lands by retreating glaciers may also result in increased dust and microbial dispersal into the atmosphere. Here, we discuss the effects of climate change on glacial microbiomes and the feedback loops between microbial community dynamics and the large-scale climatic processes in the Arctic. We characterise aspects of vulnerable microbial ecosystems and highlight the importance of preserving unseen microbial biodiversity. We then outline current capacities for microbial conservation, focusing on cryopreservation and biobanking. Lastly, we suggest future research directions and steps that academic and governmental institutions may take to foster research and collaboration with Indigenous communities.
Detecting QT prolongation from a single-lead ECG with deep learning
Authors: Alam Ridwan , Aguirre Aaron , Stultz Collin M.
Published: June 2024

For a number of antiarrhythmics, drug loading requires a 3-day hospitalization with continuous monitoring for QT-prolongation. Automated QT monitoring with wearable ECG monitors would enable out-of-hospital care. We therefore develop a deep learning model that infers QT intervals from ECG Lead-I—the lead that is often available in ambulatory ECG monitors—and use this model to detect clinically meaningful QT-prolongation episodes during Dofetilide drug loading. QTNet–a deep neural network that infers QT intervals from Lead-I ECG–was trained using over 3 million ECGs from 653 thousand patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital and tested on an internal-test set consisting of 633 thousand ECGs from 135 thousand patients. QTNet is further evaluated on an external-validation set containing 3.1 million ECGs from 667 thousand patients at another healthcare institution. On both evaluations, the model achieves mean absolute errors of 12.63ms (internal-test) and 12.30ms (external-validation) for estimating absolute QT intervals. The associated Pearson correlation coefficients are 0.91 (internal-test) and 0.92 (external-validation). Finally, QTNet was used to detect Dofetilide-induced QT prolongation in a publicly available database (ECGRDVQ-dataset) containing ECGs from subjects enrolled in a clinical trial evaluating the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs. QTNet detects Dofetilide-induced QTc prolongation with 87% sensitivity and 77% specificity. The negative predictive value of the model is greater than 95% when the pre-test probability of drug-induced QTc prolongation is below 25%. These results show that drug-induced QT prolongation risk can be tracked from ECG Lead-I using deep learning.
Addressing a missed opportunity for contraceptive use during the extended postpartum period by integrating it with infant immunization services in Sidama Region, Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Muluneh Abebaw Abeje , Gedefaw Abel , Kelaye Temesgen , Sisay Friehiwot , Worku Misganaw , Astatkie Ayalew , Shiferaw Solomon
Published: June 2024

Globally, unmet need for postpartum family planning is high. However, immunization services are among the most widely utilized health services. Establishing systematic screening, counseling, and referral systems from different contact points, particularly from EPI units may improve postpartum family planning uptake. Hence, this study aimed to assess the effect of counseling for family planning at EPI units on contraceptive uptake during the extended post-partum period. A before-and-after type of quasi-experimental study was conducted in 8 purposively selected primary health care units in Sidama region, Ethiopia. All mothers visiting the selected health facilities for infant immunization services from February 06 to August 30, 2020, were screened, counseled, and referred for family planning. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 1421 randomly selected mothers (717 for pre-intervention and 704 post-intervention phases). EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 22 were used for data entry and analysis. The effect of the intervention was assessed using multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for the effects of potential confounders. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The contraceptive utilization rate before intervention was 72.7% with 95% CI (69.5, 75.9). It was 91.9%, 95% CI (89.8%, 93.9%) after the intervention. Utilization of contraceptive pills increased from 4.3% to 6.9%, injectables from 52.4% to 57.5%, implants from 12.8% to 22.9%, and IUCD from 3.2% to 5.0% after the intervention. After adjusting for the effect of possible confounding variables, screening, counseling, and referring mothers for family planning at infant immunization units significantly increases the contraceptive utilization rate among mothers presented for infant immunization services(AOR = 5.83, 95% CI: 4.02, 8.46). Screening, counseling, and referring mothers for family planning services at infant immunization units significantly increases postpartum contraceptive uptake. Integrating family planning messages with infant immunization services is recommended.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04767139 (Registered on 23/02/2021).