bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Entre a Literatura e a História da Educação: uma leitura de Amar, Verbo Intransitivo
Authors: Santana Marco Antonio de , Campos Raquel Discini de
Published: January 2024

O presente artigo discute o uso da literatura como fonte historiográfica para a escrita da história da educação e reflete sobre maneiras de compreender, por intermédio da leitura desse tipo de vestígio do passado, as representações em circulação na São Paulo do início do século XX sobre as mulheres em geral – e as preceptoras, em particular. Também discute, por meio da leitura crítica da obra Amar, verbo intransitivo, do intelectual modernista Mario de Andrade, as relações entre texto e contexto da escrita do livro, particularmente, o período de 1923-1944. À luz dos preceitos teóricos oriundos da História da Educação, da História Cultural e da Filosofia da Linguagem, o texto tece considerações acerca das relações entre dois campos distintos – a História da Educação e a Literatura –, ao mesmo tempo em que problematiza, por intermédio da análise crítica da fonte, as representações de feminilidade e de educação em circulação no período.
A regulação educacional brasileira: um mecanismo de dominação e de reprodução na formação dos bacharéis em Direito?
Authors: Caldas Morgana Bada , Volpato Gildo
Published: January 2024

O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi analisar o fenômeno reprodutivista no ensino jurídico brasileiro a partir das invariáveis históricas nos conteúdos essenciais estabelecidos pela regulação educacional. Por meio da análise documental das principais normas regulatórias do currículo jurídico brasileiro desde o início do Período Republicano (1889-2023) e na perspectiva teórica de Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002), concluiu-se que: 1) os conteúdos dogmáticos clássicos do Direito, com caráter codicista, tal como o Direito Penal, o Direito Civil e o Direito Processual em todos os seus ramos, possuem espaço destacado na cronografia do ensino jurídico brasileiro; 2) os conteúdos propedêuticos e zetéticos, apresentam baixa relevância na história do currículo formativo dos bacharéis em Direito; 3) a regulação, sustentada no poder simbólico da norma, ratifica o fundamento epistemológico de cunho positivista no ensino jurídico, contribuindo para a manutenção do fenômeno reprodutivista na formação destes bacharéis, com caráter dogmático e tecnicista.
Selenium protects against nesfatin‐1 modulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐testicular axis during hypothyroidism in male rats
Authors: El‐Shaer Rehab Ahmed Ahmed , Ibrahim Sarah , Hewady Passant Medhat , Atef Marwa Mohamed , El‐Deeb Omnia Safwat , Hafez Yasser Mostafa , Amer Rania Saed , El‐Sharnoby Jehan Abd El‐Hameed , AbuoHashish Norhan Ahmed , Awad Marwa Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

Normal gonadal function can be disrupted by hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism disturbs testicular function directly and centrally by affecting the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐testicular axis with unclear mechanism. As nesfatin‐1 neurons co‐localized with TRH and GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus, it could play a role in centrally hypothyroidism induced testicular dysfunction. Selenium (Se), by affecting thyroid iodide supply, could relieve these disturbances. So, we aim to identify the role of nesfatin‐1 as a link between testicular dysfunction and hypothyroidism through modulating the MAPK/ERK pathway while discussing the possible role of Se in alleviating hypothyroidism and associated testicular damage. Forty male rats were divided equally into: Control: distilled water, Se: Se orally, Propylthiouracil (PTU): PTU orally, PTU + Se: Se with PTU orally. Serum thyroid function, gonadal hormones, nesfatin‐1, testicular redox status, sperm analysis, brain tissue GnRH, nucleobindin 2‐derived polypeptide, pMAPK/ERK gene expression, histological changes and immunohistochemical expression of testicular proliferating cell antigen (PCNA) were done. PTU induced hypothyroidism and reduction of gonadal hormones which both were correlated with reduced nesfatin‐1. There was testicular stress with reduced GnRH, NUCB2, pMAPK/ERK gene expression, and PCNA immunopositive cells. These parameters were reversed by Se. Nesfatin‐1 could be the central link between hypothyroidism and disturbances of the hypothalamic pituitary testicular axis.
Impact of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles on growth, development, and antioxidant system of high protein content crop (Lablab purpureus L.) sweet
Authors: Qahtan Ahmed A. , Alatar Abdulrahman A. , Salih Abdalrhaman M.
Published: January 2024

Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) Sweet “white” is a vegetable crop belonging to the Fabaceae family, and it has been used in many ways as food, ornamental plant, green manure, and medicinal. In contrast, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) play an important role in plant growth and development. The aim of this current study was to investigate the impact of biogenic ZnO NPs on the growth, development, and antioxidant system of L. purpureus (Sweet). Thus, different concentrations (0.0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L) of biogenic ZnO NPs were used. The seeds of Lablab were immersed into the concentrations of ZnO NPs for 24 h and cultivated in sterilized soil. Next, after 2 months of growth under greenhouse conditions, the morphological and physico-biochemical parameters were evaluated. In general, the recorded results showed that the biogenic ZnO NPs have a significant impact on germination, fresh and dry biomass of the Lablab crop. The same results were observed with photosynthetic pigments, carotenoids, total protein content, enzyme activity, and phenolic comments. Also, the accumulation of nutrients such as nitrogen and zinc in edible tissue was increased in response to the addition of ZnO NPs. Moreover, the scavenging ability of sample methanolic extract to diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, and hydrogen peroxide was affected by the addition of biogenic ZnO NPs. Furthermore, the level of gene expression under ZnO NPs can be investigated for a better understanding of the process that leads to improving the growth and development of crops.
Evolution of the second phases in the weld seams of 2.25Cr-Mo-0.25 V steel in different heat treatment states
Authors: Duan Xiugang , Zhu Lin , Zhang Xinjin , Huo Jie , Ren Liguo
Published: January 2024

The evolution characteristics of the second phases in the weld seams of 2.25Cr-Mo-0.25 V steel in three states – welded, post-weld heat-treated and creep states – during manufacturing and service were evaluated by calculations and observations using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectrometry. The results showed that the second phase was M
3C in the as-welded state. The types and quantities of the precipitated phases increased greatly after post-weld heat treatment (PWHT), and M
3C, M
2C, M
7C3, M
23C6 and MX were the main precipitated phases. During PWHT, the amount of M
7C3 decreased, the amounts of M
23C6 and MX increased, and the sizes of the second phases increased. The precipitates coarsened after long-term creep, and M
7C3, M
6C, M
23C6, M
2C, and MX were the main precipitate phases in this state. The size of the MX phase remained relatively stable during long-term creep, which contributed greatly to the creep resistance.
Numerical solutions of generalized Atangana–Baleanu time-fractional FitzHugh–Nagumo equation using cubic B-spline functions
Authors: Hayat Afzaal Mubashir , Abbas Muhammad , Abdullah Farah Aini , Nazir Tahir , Sidi Hamed Ould , Emadifar Homan , Alruwaili Amani
Published: January 2024

The generalization of the classical FitzHugh–Nagumo model provides a more accurate description of the physical phenomena of neurons by incorporating both nonlinearity and fractional derivatives. In this article, we present a numerical method for solving the time-fractional FitzHugh–Nagumo equation (TFFNE) in the sense of the Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative using B-spline functions. The proposed method employs a finite difference scheme to discretize the fractional derivative in time, while

θ

\theta

-weighted scheme is used to discretize the space directions. The efficiency of the scheme is demonstrated through numerical results and rate of convergence. The convergence order and error norms are studied at different values of the noninteger parameter, temporal directions, and spatial directions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is examined through the analysis of three applications.
Evolving frontiers: endovascular strategies for the treatment of delayed cerebral ischemia
Authors: Chlorogiannis David-Dimitris , Aloizou Athina-Maria , Mavridis Theodoros , Sänger Jonathan Andreas , Chlorogiannis Anargyros , Madouros Nikolaos , Papanagiotou Panagiotis
Published: January 2024

Cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia represent a very challenging aspect of cerebrovascular pathophysiology, most commonly subarachnoid hemorrhage, with significantly high mortality if left untreated. Considerable advances have been made in medical treatment and prompt diagnosis, while newer endovascular modalities have recently been proposed for cases of resistant cerebral vasospasm. However, there is still paucity of data regarding which and whether a single endovascular technique is non inferior to the pharmacological standard of care. In this review, we aim to summarize the current funds of knowledge concerning cerebral vasospasm and the emerging role of the endovascular techniques for its treatment.
Zderzenie tradycji z nowoczesnością oczami kobiety na podstawie autobiografii Halide Edip Adıvar oraz powieści Sinekli Bakkal
Authors:   Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie (Polska), Olszowska Karolina Wanda
Published: January 2024

Halide Edip Adıvar was among the most influential women of the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of Republic of Turkey. She was highly educated and a stereotype-breaker who incorporated many modern views in her work, juxtaposing them with tradition and showing outdated and damaging elements. In the text, the author analyses the writer’s autobiography and her best-known novel Sinekli Bakkal from this angle.
Charakter postępowania dowodowego uregulowanego w art. 106 § 3 p.p.s.a.
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku (University of Bialystok, Poland), Pietrasz Piotr
Published: January 2024

The aim of the paper was to determine the current nature of the evidentiary proceedings conducted by the administrative court on the basis of Article 106 § 3 p.p.s.a. When interpreting this provision, we should bear in mind the peculiar expansion of the notion of "control", which is used by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland in Article 184. This observation refers to equipping the administrative courts with the competence to rule on the essence of an administrative case, as a part of the control of administrative decisions and orders, which took place in 2015. It should be noted, however, that at the same time there was no modification of Article 106 § 3 p.p.s.a.. In the literature, the vast majority of Authors do not connect equipping the administrative courts with the competence to rule on the essence of an administrative case with any modification of the interpretation of Article 106 § 3 p.p.s.a. Instead, the paper attempts to show that the control, which also includes the possibility to rule on the essence of the administrative case, has modified the nature of the evidence proceedings conducted by administrative courts on the basis of Article 106 § 3 p.p.s.a. The research material used in the implementation of the set objective was constituted, inter alia, by the latest literature on the analysed issue (as of 2016) and the latest case law of administrative courts in this respect. The considerations on the interpretation of Article 106 § 3 p.p.s.a. were attentively drawn on the basis of the authors' positions presented after 2015, in which the authors introduced the legislative changes related to equipping administrative courts with the competence to rule on the merits of an administrative case.
Przestępstwo wykorzystania seksualnego osób bezbronnych w Kościele katolickim. Analiza karno-kanoniczna z uwzględnieniem wybranych elementów psychologicznych
Authors:   Stowarzyszenie Kanonistów Polskich (Association of Polish Canonists, Poland), Kiełpiński Krzysztof Marek
Published: January 2024

The legislator has placed the term ‘helpless persons’ in canon law. It was placed in the legal system of the Catholic Church only in 2019. The legislator has set out its legal definition. The term indicates persons who have been given protection from the crime of sexual abuse. The research has a dual purpose. The primary objective is to present people in the Church community to whom the term ‘helpless persons“ refers. The secondary objective is to show, on the basis of an analysis of canon law, the extent of protection of ‘helpless persons’ against the crime of sexual abuse. Appropriate research methods were used to conduct the study. These include the dogmatic-legal method, the historical method, the philological method, the comparative method and the analytical methods used in psychological and criminological sciences. The narrative created in the article showed that the category of ‘vulnerable persons’ includes a variety of people including children, adolescents, people with disabilities, the elderly, women and men addicted to alcohol or psychoactive drugs, residents of nursing homes and sanatoriums, and people who are unable to resist the aggression of the perpetrator. The current provisions of canon law comprehensively protect the above persons from the crime of sexual abuse. Therefore, the legislator, together with the bodies subordinate to it, should constantly observe the phenomenon of sexual exploitation and adapt the laws so that they continue to ensure the freedom, safety and protection of helpless people and punish perpetrators with appropriate criminal sanctions.
Recenzja: Aleksandra Kustra-Rogatka, Iwona Wróblewska, Wojciech Wołoch, Osobliwy Sąd. Idea sądownictwa konstytucyjnego w kontekstach rządów prawa, demokracji i praw jednostki, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2021, ss. 242.
Authors:   Stowarzyszenie Kanonistów Polskich (Association of Polish Canonists, Poland), Kiełpiński Krzysztof Marek
Published: January 2024

Constitutional judicature is a subject of dispute in the field of legal science, mainly at the level of philosophy of law and legal theory. In this connection, a book has been reviewed which deals with an interesting topic. In the individual chapters of the book, the authors provide answers to many questions, in the field of constitutional justice. Many of the problems indicated by the authors can be encountered in social, political and scientific life. The aim of the published review is to present the thoughts of the authors who, by means of analysis, reconstruction and critical reflection, have linked constitutional justice to three ideas: the rule of law, democracy and individual rights. It is worth emphasizing that the three ideas cited do not form a harmonious triad, nor an a priori reality. The creation of this type of monograph was possible thanks to the use of various research methods, dogmatic-legal, philosophical, historical, philological. The singularity of the court (judicial review) is not a point of reference, to create groups of supporters and opponents of constitutional justice. A comprehensive examination of the idea of constitutional justice creates a new catalogue of arguments for the use of, inter alia, the development of scientific research, the conduct of public debate and the broad education of the public.
Apie “istorinio” prezenso tekstualinę funkciją
Authors: Michelini Guido
Published: January 2024

Во многих литовских народных сказках нередко встречается презенс в таких основных фразах нарративных секвенций, в которых говорится о событиях (как правило, фантастических), предшествующих моменту рассказа. Эти формы чаше всего появляются в неначальных фразах сказки и чередуются с претеритом.Особенно частыми в таких контекстах являются “исторические” презенсы так называемых verba dicendi, вводящих прямую речь, но в этих формах могут выступать и другие глаголы. Их презенс иногда даже не чередуется с претеритом.Реже всего “исторический” презенс отмечен в начальной фразе сказки. В таких случаях он обычно сопровождается деиктиками, указывающими на то, что “события” относятся к прошлому.В статье предлагается теоретическое толкование этих явлений с позиций современной лингвистики текста.
Kirčiuoto skiemens priebalsių trukmė ir jos santykis su loginiu kirčiu
Authors: Tankevičiūtė Marytė
Published: January 2024

Basing on a number of instrumental studies, it has been round that every particular group of Lithuanian consonants may be characterized by its individual duration. Both in unstressed and stressed syllables the consonant duration depends on the same factors. The present experiment deals with the interdependence of consonant duration and the place of logical stress. It has been found that the duration of consonants in stressed syllables is greatly dependent on the logical stress, being quite independent on it in unstressed ones.Thus, the duration of consonants may be considered a constant value revealing some deviations in pre-stress and post-stress positions in a phrase. The decrease of the consonant duration by about 17% in the above-mentioned positions may be considered an important key to the absence of logical stress.
Pradinių ir galinių priebalsių derinimas vienskiemenėse vardažodžių šaknyse
Authors: Karosienė Vida
Published: January 2024

Der Artikel behandelt den Zusammenhang der initialen und finalen Konsonanten in einsilbigen nominalen Wurzeln des Litauischen.Es kommt oft vor, daß im Anlaut und im Auslaut der litauischen Wurzeln Konsonanten erscheinen, die der gleichen Konsonantenklasse (Verschlußlaute, Reibelaute, Sonorlaute) angehören. Obstruente Konsonanten bilden dann eine Konsonantenfolge, die meistens entweder durchaus stimmhaft oder stimmlos ist. Die Konsonantenfolge, die aus obstruenten Reibelauten besteht, zeigt eine deutliche Neigung zur Homogenität – es gilt folgendes Implikationsgesetz: (ŠF ⊃ ŠI) ≡ (Š̄I ⊃ Š̄F).Die gleichen Sonanten kommen initial und zugleich final sehr selten vor. Die litauischen Liquide zeichnen sich durch eine feste Reihenfolge aus: üblich ist nur die Kombination /r – l/, aber nicht umgekehrt.
Пауза хезитации как одна из характеристик спонтaнной речи
Authors: Анусас Пятрас
Published: January 2024

Interdisciplinary investigation of spontaneous speech has given rise to a new approach towards spoken language analysis, i. e. speechology.When utterances are organised at the time of speaking they emerge haltingly, interspersed with filled and silent (unfilled) pauses. This intermittent quality of spontaneous, i. e. unrehearsed speech has attracted many investigators both linguists and non linguists seeking to understand the decision making process underlying speech production. In the present paper, the literature bearing on hesitation pauses in spontaneous speech has been reviewed to evaluate the interdisciplinary explanation of hesitation phenomena, i. e. to what degree findings of psychological and psycholinguistic studies are applicable to linguistic theories. The first aim of the study has been to describe functions (cognitive and linguistic) that hesitation pauses were thought to reflect .
Развитие конструкции предложного инфинитива при личной форме глагола в cтарофранцузском языке
Authors: Искунайте Регина
Published: January 2024

La construction V + pr. + I est d’origine romane, elle apparait en ancien français et connait un large développement. La rection des verbes en ancien français se distingue par une grande variété: à côté des infinitifs prépositionnels tous les verbes admettent l’infinitif complément sans préposition. Pourtant, malgré l’instabilité de la réction des verbes en encien français, l’infinitif prépositionnel emporte sur l’infinitif sans préposition et marque une tendance à la fixation.
Проблема актуального членения на сверхфразовом уровне
Authors: Либерене Снегуоле
Published: January 2024

L’information fournie par des constituants d’une unité superphrastique doit former un continu, chaque constituant ne prenant son sens qu’enserré dans l’ensemble de tous les constituants. Le nombre, l’organisation de ces costituants dépendent des fins de communication. C’est pourquoi, les exigences de l’analyse textuelle amènent au premier plan la notion de la division actuelle.
Некоторые аспекты Великого сдвига гласных и удлинения в открытом слоге в истории английского языка
Authors: Мячинская Э. И.
Published: January 2024

Quantity in Middle English was based upon interrelation of vowel consonant length within the syllable (isochrony). This means that the length was positionally determined and its variation should be regarded as allophonic, and long and short vowels of similar quality should be grouped into phonemes of the type /V̆ – V̄/, /C̆ – C̄/. However the pattern was destroyed from the very beginning by the diphthongoid pronunciation acquired by M. E. ī and ū, which thus could not be grouped into phonemes with the respective short vowels. The latter became allophones of the same phonemes as ẹ̄, ọ̄ – nearest in aperture. This explains the development of ẹ̄ and ọ̄ in the Great Vowel Shift, the direction of the change being qualitative towards the short counterpart. This shows that many changes in the vowel shirt were determined by the relations existing within the M. E. vowel system.
К вопросу о разграничении второстепенных членов предложения
Authors: Тейберене Ниëле
Published: January 2024

La distinction entre les termes secondaires peut être établie seulement en se basant sur la combinaison des critères sémantiques et syntaxiques. Les facteurs formels (syntaxiques) permettent de définir la fonction syntaxique des constructions prépositionnelles. Les facteurs sémantiques témoignent de la hétérogénéité sémantique non seulement du complément circonstanciel, mais aussi du complément généralisé du verbe.
Gebrauch und stilistischer Wert der Partizipialkonstruktionen in verschiedenartigen Schriftgattungen der deutschen Prosa im Frühneuhochdeutschen
Authors: Batarūnienė Genovaitė
Published: January 2024

Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas dalyvinių konstrukcijų vartojimo dažnumas, jo priklausomybė nuo įvairių faktorių, kaip antai: kūrinio kalbos (jos artėjimo prie rašytinės arba šnekamosios kalbos formų), atskirų žanrų specifikos, autoriaus individualybės, jo meistriškumo bei pomėgio vartoti tam tikras kalbinės raiškos priemones. Dalyvinės konstrukcijos XV a. vokiečių kalboje buvo gana produktyvios: jos atliko nemaža sintaksinių funkcijų ir turėjo įvairias reikšmes.
К проблеме французского сегментированного предложения и eгo перевод на литовский язык
Authors: Яскунайте Регина
Published: January 2024

L’article traite les moyens de la mise en relief des différents termes de la proposition française et son expression dans la langue lituanienne qui ne possède pas de moyens syntaxiques spéciaux et dont la phrase ne se prête pas à la segmentation, la place de chaque terme étant de libre choix. Parmi les moyens auxquels la langue lituanienne a le plus souvent recours pour mettre en relief se trouvent des mots-outils (différentes particules), pronoms démonstratifs, adverbes, la répétition et, surtout, l’accent logique.
Iš Homero sinonimikos (būdvardžiai χρv́σεος ir ξανθός)
Authors: Malinauskienė Nadežda
Published: January 2024

Comparative analysis of two adjectives - χρv́σεος “golden” ξανθός “fair-haired” in Homer’s poetry leads us to tile conclusion that the adjective χρv́σεος as frequently occurring in the poems characterised by its more complex semantic structure and, due to its freer usage, can be applied to a greater quantity of words than the adjective ξανθός.On the other hand, the adjective ξανθός in Homer’s poems can be characterised as possessing a limited range of usage however, denoting different shades of fair hair in human beings and horses, it embraces a wider range of colour than the adjective χρv́σεος does. Besides, as a result of its loss of etymological links, the adjective ξανθός does not indicate any reference to concrete objects (compare: “golden” and “sold”). All this permits the said adjective to become a most general and abstract denomination of the yellow colour in the language of later authors, where the adjective ξανθός has come into free usage.
Sisteminiai žodžių ryšiai mokomajame dvikalbiame žodyne
Authors: Piesarskas Bronius
Published: January 2024

В статье изучаются способы и приемы отражения синтагматических, парадигматических и деривационных связей слов в учебном словаре. Такая модель лексико-графического описания лексики требует особой структуры словарной статьи. Синтагматически связи отражены во второй зоне, а парадигматические и деривационные – в третьей зоне словарной статье. Основные положения статьи реализованы в “Учебном англо-литовском словаре”.
Отрицательные конcтpyкции в разгoвoрном французском языке
Authors: Тейберене Нийоле , Моркунас Гинтарас
Published: January 2024

L’élément complémentaire de la négation, particule “pas”, grâce à sa position accentuée dans le langage parlé se transforme en élément principal et indépendant, capable d’exprimer la négation tout seul sans particule “ne”. Son emploi devient de plus en plus universel. L’élément principal de la négation de la langue normative, particule “non”, cède aussi sa place à la particule “pas” dans le langage parlé.
Application of digital technologies in biomechanical simulation of orthodontic tooth movement
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Dubinin Alexei , Osipenko Mikhail ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Nyashin Yuriy ,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University
Published: January 2024

Dental anomalies (malocclusion, crooked teeth, etc.) are a common problem. Due to them, violations of the aesthetics of the face, blood supply to the brain, respiration, posture, facial expressions, pronunciation of words, digestion and etc. are possible. Correction of dental anomalies consists in moving the teeth to a new position corresponding to the physiological norm under the influence of the orthodontic load (bracket system, elastopositioner, etc.). The main question in orthodontic treatment is the determination of such load (value, direction, place of application). This work continues a series of publications by authors dedicated to solving this question. Earlier, the concept of “center of resistance of a tooth” was introduced and determined. Using this consept, it is possible to study the initial movement of the tooth within the framework of the bone hole. In accordance with the introduced conditions for the existence of this point, it turned out that the "center of resistance of a tooth" does not exist always. Therefore, the authors proposed a new concept of “region of resistance of a tooth” determined by sets of translational action lines and a pair of rotation axes. The purpose of this work is to study them, namely, the conditions for the existence of these lines, the relative position and, on the basis of this, to demonstrate the classification of the types of tooth resistance region.
Mathematical model of the eye cornea with account for an exponential nonlinearity of its elastic properties
Authors:   Moscow State Lomonosov University, Stein Alexander , Moiseeva Irina ,   Moscow State Lomonosov University
Published: January 2024

A method is proposed for taking into account the nonlinearity of the elastic behavior of the cornea of the eye, which makes it possible to effectively evaluate the influence of this factor on the results of experiments and clinical measurements. The cornea is modeled by a homogeneous isotropic momentless elastic surface. Its elastic properties are determined by a non-quadratic dependence of the strain energy on the components of the strain tensor. Strains are assumed to be small. For the simplest exponential form of this function, a single additional parameter appears in comparison with the linear case. The model is tested on the problem of inflating the cornea with pressure, which corresponds to experiments with an isolated cornea. Predictions of the linear model do not agree with experimental data, whereas the proposed exponential model describes them well. The model allows us to consider the nonlinear behavior of the cornea, taking into account its real mechanical properties and the minimum number of parameters. The use of the nonlinear model is advisable in those cases where in the process under consideration the intraocular pressure and the stressed state of the cornea vary significantly, as a result of which the linearization of the constitutive relation can lead to noticeable errors.
Brain biomechanics: monitoring the biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system
Authors:   Limited Liability Company “Neurophyspribor”, Atiskov Yuri , Akshulakov Serik ,   National Science Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Belkin Andrey ,   Limited Liability Company “Clinic Institute of the Brain”, Nazaralieva Eleonora ,   I.K. Akhunbaev Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Riznich Valentina ,   Limited Liability Company “Neurophyspribor”, Safin Shamil ,   G.G. Kuvatov Republican Neurosurgical Center, Safin Iskander ,   G.G. Kuvatov Republican Neurosurgical Center, Gaidar Boris ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Khachatryan William ,   Professor A.L. Polenov Pediatric Neurosurgery Department of Russian Research Neurosurgical Institute – V.A. Almazov Branch of National Medical Research Center
Published: January 2024

The existing methods of assessing the biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system are reduced to the study of the dynamics of changes in intracranial pressure with a dosed increase in intracranial volume by introducing a certain volume of fluid into the cranial space. These studies are discrete, traumatic. In different neurosurgical clinics, retrospective analysis of 1732 studies of biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system (compliance, pressure-volume ratio, elasticity) in the period 1988–2014 were conducted. In order to establish a diagnosis or clarify the tactics of surgical treatment, a relationship between the amplitude of the intracranial pressure oscillation at the pulse rate, intracranial pressure and the compliance of the craniospinal system was established. In a single classical test with the introduction of a bolus of a small volume of fluid, and the indicators of biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system are numerically evaluated. It is assumed that between two pulse waves (in the second range), these indicators do not change significantly, that is, in fact, we are talking about monitoring biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system. A mathematical model is proposed that formalizes the relationship between biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system and the dynamics of intracranial pressure oscillations at the pulse rate. Comparison of the results of the assessment of the main biomechanical indicators by the classical method and the proposed method established their high correlation. On the basis of this, an algorithm is proposed that can be used to create the original biomechanical properties of the human craniospinal system and intracranial pressure monitor.
Analysis of impedance characteristics of the respiratory system of animals and humans
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Dragan Sergey , Bogomolov Alexey , Kezik Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The aim of the study was to modify the method of pulsed oscillometry of the respiratory system of biological objects in the interests of the possibility of its application to extrapolate the medical and biological effects of extreme physical factors of the conditions of professional activity from animals to humans. The method is based on a verified algorithm for determining the impedance characteristics of the human lungs (resonant frequency, active and reactive frequency–dependent components of the impedance) using a two-microphone technique. The impedance characteristics of the respiratory system of animals (30 rats, 15 rabbits, and 15 sheep) in the frequency range from 5 to 100 Hz were measured on decapitated animals when the trachea was connected to an experimental setup including a loudspeaker, waveguide, two measuring microphones, an impedance wall, and a connecting tube designed to connect the installation to the trachea. The impedance characteristics of the respiratory system in humans (40 athletes aged 20–30 years) in the same frequency range were measured during free breathing: a standard mouthpiece was installed as a perforated panel at the end of the waveguide. As a result of the experiment, the resonance frequency of the respiratory system, the absorption coefficient of acoustic vibrations and the resistance at the resonance frequency and the acoustic quality factor of the respiratory system were determined. The results of theoretical and experimental studies indicate that the resonant frequencies of the respiratory system in humans, rabbits and sheep are close to each other, and the resonant frequencies of the respiratory system of rats and humans are significantly different. This allows the use of rabbits and sheep as an adequate biological model for extrapolating the effects of extreme factors from animals on humans in terms of the state of the respiratory system. Extrapolation of similar results from rats to humans should be carried out taking into account the ratio of the impedance characteristics of the respiratory systems.
Anthropomorphic mechatronics for sports and medicine
Authors:   Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism, Medvedev Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The article describes the prospects for the development and implementation of anthropomorphic mechatronics to the practice of sports and medicine. The main objects of research were sport and medical exoskeletons. The main function of a sport exoskeleton is to get the best conditions for the formation and increasing of the effectiveness of sport technique. The technology offers a completely new approach to the transfer of "sports" knowledge and skills. Usually, the coach affects on audiovisual channels, but a sport exoskeleton transmits a significant amount of information through proprioceptive channels (sensations) when performing a real exercise, and not only ideomotor one. Thus, control of the athlete's body segments is carried out independently on the basis of the received signals from his body, and not only because feedback from the coach. This is the main effect for athlete, due to which it is possible to significantly increase the quickness of transmission of training information and, as a consequence, the quickness of mastering of effective sport technique. The using of exoskeletons in rehabilitee medicine is primarily need for a comprehensive solution in the rehabilitation of patients with impaired or loss of motor function due to diseases of various etiologies. In this case, the exoskeleton acts as a mechanism that determines the body segment movement. Management of such an exoskeleton is carried out through a special interface "brain–computer". The task of training medical personnel using robotic complexes generally coincides with the sports tasks associated with the formation of a stable motor skill and the improvement of the technique of movement action. The medical exoskeleton is used as a simulator for the training the structure and the needed characteristics of the movement at performing the operations.
Polish-Türkiye cooperation in the area of technology and innovation: Conditions and development directions
Authors: Gródek-Szostak Zofia , Aldağ Mustafa Cem , Kotulewicz-Wisińska Karolina , Olszowska Karolina Wanda
Published: January 2024

Background: The year 2023 is a special time for Polish-Türkiye diplomatic relations. It is the 100th anni-versary of the proclamation of the Republic of Türkiye and the 100th anniversary of its recognition by Poland. One area of this public and economic diplomacy is the debates on the different dimensions of the experiences, practices or frameworks of mutual cooperation between Poland and Türkiye, organised by the Foundation for Research on Türkiye in cooperation with the Regional Centre for International Debate in Krakow. The article is a synthesis of considerations undertaken in the area of Polish- Türkiye economic cooperation, with a particular focus on technology and innovation.
Research objectives: The article aims to describe the potential pathways for enhancing mutual eco-nomic and political relations between Poland and Türkiye.
Methods: The paper is based on content analysis of the debate on Polish-Türkiye cooperation in the area of innovation and technology, the potential of both countries in this respect, and the possibilities for its development. The debate took place in March 2023, and the authors were one of the panellists. The find-ings enrich statistical data coming from the Polish Central Statistical Office.
Results: The paper highlights the strong economic ties between Poland and Türkiye, underscoring their joint endeavours across various industries. Both governments have ambitious plans to significantly boost their trade balance by 2023, with a particular emphasis on sectors like energy, mining, IT, automotive, and textiles, showcasing a mutual commitment to growth and partnership.
Conclusions: Establishing and developing economic cooperation between Poland and Türkiye can ben-efit both countries. The mechanisms and initiatives mentioned above can help to increase trade and investment flows, create new business opportunities, and promote mutual learning and innovation.
Ludwik Wawrzynowicz’s wand – conductor of the “Lutnia” choir in Częstochowa
Authors: Paszta Andrzej , Paszta Piotr
Published: January 2024

The article presents a description of Ludwik Wawrzynowicz’s wand, including its role in managing the choir. In addition, the parameters of the object were determined and the wand’s maker was identified.
Wacław Płodowski, teacher, social activist, politician
Authors: Sterczewska Iwona
Published: January 2024

Wacław Płodowski went down in history as an outstanding teacher. Him as the member of contemporary Częstochowa elites are recalled, it to appear unusual, highly well-deserved for the development of Częstochowa. He was an unusually active worker for voluntary causes. He exercised duties of the chairman of the Częstochowa Circle of the Company of Teachers of secondary schools and Higher. Moreover for a few years he chaired the education office of a public library, committed himself to numerous works of the Company of supporting the Regional Culture. Henryk Sienkiewicz National in Częstochowa became an author and a junior secondary School. He implemented innovative methods of the work, and thanks to his treatments by the school came into existence: zoological and botanical tea garden, two orchestras: inflated and symphony, as well as two choirs: mixt up and male, and finally and first in the city scout team for them. of Walerian Łukasiński. What essential, the institution which he ordered was recognised too one from best in the country. W. Płodowski belonged to requiring and strict teachers. Yet his pupils remembered him as the person outstanding, given a creative mind, acting with the commitment, with passion and enthusiasm.
Sketches for the picture of Olsztyn castle. Reconstruction of chosen facilities' facades placed in the area of historic ruin of the castle
Authors: Hadamik Czesław
Published: January 2024

This article is an original comment for boards presenting reconstruction of chosen facilities’ facades, placed in the area of historic ruin of the Olsztyn castle. These are the objects existing now as relicts preserved in better or worse condition (well tower, eastern wall of main yard, king’s palace, cylindrical tower, mayor’s tower) or relicts excavated during archeological studies of this area (main gate). Reconstrution is mainly based on: interpretation of existing written sources, results of archeological and architectural studies (mainly conducted since 2013 in the area of lower castle) and architectural traces within the whole area of the castle. Studies conducted during last few years allowed us to revise some earlier findings and identify numerous objects which localization was unknown or hypotetetical until now (main gate, stone bridge, well-tower, well, third gate, treasury and others). Reconstructions of some buildings’ facades presented here, are the first stage of creating reliable image of Olsztyn castle in a few historical ranges based on indoor and outdoor scientific research.
Fr. prof. related dr hab. Jan Związek – biographer and regionalist of Częstochowa-Wieluń region
Authors: Głowacki Marian
Published: January 2024

The paper presents the scientific achievements of Fr. prof. dr hab. Jan Związek, historian, outstanding representative of Polish science, biographer and regionalist, who died in full creative power in 2020. Most of the studies concern the widely understood Częstochowa-Wieluń region. When presenting the scientific achievements of this region, two areas of his activity should be distinguished. The first is biography. The Professor wrote many biographies of clergymen but most of the biographies concern priests persecuted during the years of the functioning of the totalitarian systems - nazi and communist. The second research area is the history of region and parishes. Parallel to the research, Fr. prof. Jan Związek lectured at the Jan Długosz Academy in Częstochowa at the Faculty of History and Philosophy. In the years 1993-2010 he was the promoter of 304 master theses, mainly on the history of the town and parish, and the bibliography of selected priests and lay people active in the Częstochowa-Wieluń region. The subject of the works are presented in this paper.
Students' and lecturers' perceptions of computerised adaptive testing as the future of assessing students
Authors: Pramjeeth Shamola , Ramgovind Priya
Published: January 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has been a catalyst for the increased adoption and acceptance of technology in teaching and learning, forcing higher education institutions (HEIs) to re-look at their assessment strategy as learning, development, and engagement move more fluidly into the online arena. A total of 623 lecturers and students in private HEIs in South Africa shared their views on adopting computerised adaptive testing (CAT) prior to its implementation at their HEI in their respective modules, and their perceptions of such a testing methodology. Our study found that lecturers and students were comfortable engaging in online learning, with a large percentage being the most comfortable with assessing and completing exams, tests, and activities online. Positive perceptions of adopting CAT as an assessment tool for their qualifications were expressed, with the majority recommending their HEI to implement CAT.
Online entrepreneurship teaching and learning approaches: A South African conceptual perspective
Authors: Chiromo Samuel John , Khosa Risimati Maurice , Kalitanyi Vivence
Published: January 2024

In this conceptual paper, we review literature on entrepreneurship education with the aim of determining viable approaches for teaching entrepreneurship using online platforms. We discuss existing studies on constructivism as a theoretical framework and examine how entrepreneurship education can be offered through online teaching, as well as the effectiveness and the design of online teaching for entrepreneurship education. We used a conceptual analysis methodology and also conducted a library search to examine previous pertinent literature on online entrepreneurship education. Our findings indicate that online entrepreneurship education should be grounded in constructivism as a learning theory. Additionally, during online entrepreneurship learning, lecturers should introduce and explain new concepts by using students' prior knowledge and should assign practical and experiential tasks. Our findings also show that online activities should allow students to interpret and assimilate new knowledge, and that online entrepreneurship modules should incorporate learning by doing and experiential learning. Lecturers should also provide feedback as part of online entrepreneurship learning and, at the end of such learning, lecturers should assign online questions that provide an opportunity for students to reflect on their learning and knowledge.
A Scoping Review of Older LGBTI People's Experiences of Homecare
Authors: Duffy Mel , Frazzetto Giovanni , Staines Anthony , Matthews Anne , Geoghegan James , Gleeson Collette , Mooney Claire , O'Hagan James , Vail Sean
Published: January 2024

Amidst the global growth of the ageing demographic in the world, an inclusive assessment of the care needs of the older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) population is receiving increasing attention, especially in view of reported health inequalities for these minority groups and the position of their sexual orientations and gender identities within a predominantly heteronormative health and social system. This literature review aims to identify and analyse previous research on older LGBTI people’s views, experiences, and perceptions of homecare provision. We searched the CINAHL, Medline, and PsychINFO databases and found a total of 337 records. After an eligibility assessment, 12 studies were selected, comprising 11 qualitative studies, and one mixed methods study. Under an overarching theme of fears of discrimination and of receiving suboptimal care, we further categorised our findings in the following three interlinked subthemes: (a) disclosure of gender identity and sexual orientation; (b) emerging meanings of LGBTI‐competent care; and (c) recommendations for improved quality of LGBTI‐friendly services. The overall surfacing outcome of our analysis of the participants’ experiences described in the studies examined is an aspiration for homecare services ensuring quality of holistic, person‐centred care that recognises this population’s distinct set of requirements, including knowledge and consideration of their histories of inequalities and oppression. Wider awareness about the need to re‐imagine more inclusive care for the LGBTI community has the potential to improve services and practices, reduce access barriers, and prevent inequalities.
Supporting Older Adults' Social Inclusion and Well‐Being in Neighbourhoods: The Social Hub Model
Authors: Rantala Anniriikka , Valkama Outi , Latikka Rita , Jolanki Outi
Published: January 2024

In recent years, many Finnish cities and municipalities have aspired to develop services that support older adults’ well‐being and social inclusion. This study focuses on the Social Hub model, a local social innovation developed in the city of Tampere. Social hubs operate on a neighbourhood level, providing free‐of‐charge service coordination and counselling, group activities, and meeting places for social gatherings. This study aims to look at whether this kind of local innovation can support older adults’ well‐being and social inclusion. The sociomaterial perspective and multidimensional model of well‐being (the having–doing–loving–being approach) provided theoretical and analytical guidelines to examine older adults’ experiences and perceptions of social hubs. The qualitative interview data was collected among people living in service housing, senior housing, or ordinary housing in the proximity of the social hubs studied. Face‐to‐face and “go‐along” interviews with 19 older adults aged between 57 and 96 were analysed with theory‐driven content analysis. The results showed that the hubs are a valuable local resource for older adults, providing free services, accessible and appealing shared spaces, and activities that promote social well‐being, physical activity, creativity, and autonomy. The hubs serve as important gathering points for older adults in the neighbourhood, fostering community‐building among citizens residing in different types of housing. The results highlight the importance of acknowledging well‐being as a multidimensional phenomenon. The Social Hub model provides one practical tool to support older adults’ well‐being and social inclusion by offering various kinds of resources and social and cultural activities.