bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação do escore de condição corporal de machos adultos de cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) sob cuidados humanos
Authors: Hippólito Alícia Giolo , Testa Carolyne Assis Eigenheer Pinke , Ferro Barbara Sardela , Oliveira Elton Luís Ritir , Okamoto Priscylla Tatiana Chalfun Guimarães , Melchert Alessandra
Published: November 2018

Os cachorros-do-mato (Cerdocyon thous) são canídeos silvestres adaptados ao ambiente antropizado, atingindo o sucesso reprodutivo nesse novo habitat. Fator primordial para não constar na lista de ameaçados de extinção, como o lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus) e o cachorro-vinagre (Speothos venaticus). A complexidade do diagnóstico de doenças metabólicas em animais selvagens ainda é um desafio, tanto em vista a grande quantidade de estudos e a evolução da medicina de cães e gatos. Em cativeiro, os animais selvagens estão mais propícios a desenvolver obesidade, por isso, medidas de padrão da espécie fundamentados na conformação e biometria do indivíduo são necessários para se obter maior controle, não se baseando em dados subjetivos que podem diferir de acordo com o profissional O método mais fidedigno para avaliação da condição de escore corporal dos cachorros-do-mato (C. thous) desse estudo foi o método aplicado em gatos domésticos, no qual é necessário a  medida da caixa torácica e o comprimento do meio da patela para a ponta dorsal do calcâneo.
From Curriculum Mapping to Assessment: One Psychology Department’s Adventure
Authors: Heinly Matthew T. , Rimzhim Anurag , Boncoddo Rebecca A. , Fallahi Carolyn R.
Published: November 2018

Given the current focus on assessment, funding decisions, and increased demands for faculty accountability, many institutions of higher education and academic departments must demonstrate evidence of student learning. Beginning with a curriculum map, we operationally defined how our learning objectives were met for each course. Using this curriculum map, we then developed a common syllabus for each course, which in turn allowed us to more specifically define course learning objectives and a basic outline of content. This process informed and faciltiated the development of embedded assessments and rubrics for each course. Once data is collected from these assessments, we will refine our assessment battery and determine which learning objectives are being met as well as what courses or curricular modifications are needed. This is an account of one department’s assessment process.
Formulation of Huge Lattice Spatial Adjacency Matrices With Non-rectangular Shape of Socio-economic Grid-Cell Data for the Analysis of Sustainable Economy With High Computational Efficiency
Authors: Fitrianto Gigih , Tanaka Shojiro , Nishii Ryuei
Published: November 2018

The advantage of using grid-cell data for socio-economic analysis should be the feasibility to incorporate satellite data that will enrich the regional analysis and has an important role to observe the relationship between socio-economics and nature. This advancement corresponds to the sustainable development goals that balance the socio-economic quality in harmony. In order to perform the analysis, formulation of a spatial adjacency matrix has an important role to project the spatial relationship within regions. However, no precedent research provided a practical formulation for the spatial adjacency matrix in grid-cell data structure (Fitrianto & Tanaka, 2017).The general process that used shapefiles solely, which store geometry and attribute information for the spatial features (ESRI, 1998) to construct the adjacency matrix is not suitable. The problem arises due to the existence of NA cells that represent non-inhabitant areas such as water bodies, yet the shapefile does not contain this information inside the municipal body. The NA cells create a non-rectangular lattice and it is important to exclude them in the analysis to correctly project the real information.This article provides a method to precisely project the real information by using Kronecker product to construct the adjacency matrix and applying a projection matrix to eliminate the NA cells (Tanaka & Nishii, 2009). It showed eminent efficiency compared with commonly used R package called spdep. Experimental results verified that this method, even for huge dimension with a trillion elements, produces more than 2000 times faster elapsed time than the package.
Preoperative Staging in Women with Known Breast Cancer: Comparison between Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Authors: Galati Francesca , Marzocca Flaminia , Tancredi Andrea , Collalunga Emmanuel , Catalano Carlo , Pediconi Federica
Published: November 2018

Objectives

To prospectively evaluate the accuracy in tumor extent and size assessment of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in women with known breast cancer, with pathological size as the gold standard.

Methods

From May 2014 to April 2016, 50 patients with known breast cancer were enrolled in our prospective study. All patients underwent MRI on a 3T magnet and DBT projections. Two radiologists, with 15 and 7 years of experience in breast imaging respectively, evaluated in consensus each imaging set unaware of the final histological examination. MR and DBT sensitivity, PPV and accuracy were calculated, using histology as the gold standard. McNemar test was used to compare MR and DBT sensitivity. Correlation and regression analyses were used to evaluate MRI vs Histology, DBT vs Histology and MRI vs DBT lesions tumor size agreement to histological results.

Results

On histological examination 70 lesions were detected. MRI showed 100% sensitivity, 96% PPV and 96% accuracy; DBT sensitivity was 81%, PPV 92% and accuracy 77%. McNemar test p-value was 0.0003. Lesions size Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.97 for MRI vs Histology, 0.92 for DBT vs Histology, (p-value<0.0001). MRI vs DBT regression coefficient was 0.83.

Conclusions

MRI confirmed to be the most accurate imaging technique in preoperative staging of breast cancer. However, DBT showed very good accuracy, sensitivity and tumor size assessment and could be a valid tool for preoperative staging when MRI is contraindicated.
A Pricing Scheme for the Task“Take Photos to Make Money”
Authors: Qin Qiao-Xu , Zhang Yuan-Biao
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we first use the multiple stepwise regression to fit the price function and analyze the reason of the unfinished task from many angles. Then, by using the idea of "optimal neighbor", the matching model of task and member is established to optimize the original pricing model. Then, starting from the "small world" model, the actual packaging situation was simulated, and the price correction function was defined to reduce the impact of task distribution density on the completion situation, and the pricing scheme was further optimized. Finally, the new project is priced with an optimal package pricing formula, and the implementation effect is judged from the two perspectives of task completion and simulation results.
Research on Strategic Emerging “Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection” Enterprise Performance Control—Based on the “X Inefficiency” Research Perspective
Authors: Xiuying SHEN , Peilin LIU , Huabai BU
Published: November 2018

Corporate performance is the foundation of the company's growth. Researching corporate performance issues is the eternal theme of corporate research. This paper specifically analyzes the inefficient allocation of non-material resources in energy-saving and environmentally-friendly strategic emerging enterprises, and proposes various countermeasures for the “X inefficiency” problem of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly strategic emerging enterprises, which will be a strategic new development for energy conservation and environmental protection in China. The development of the enterprise is provided a theoretical basis and methodological guidance.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Triazolyl Dihydropyrimidines as Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Ajumeera Rajanna , Thipparapu Ganapathi , Boyapati Shireesha , Padya Bharath Singh , Venkatesan Vijayalaxmi
Published: November 2018

Novel N – triazolyl 3(a-f) and O-triazolyl (4a-f) derivatives of 4, 6-diaryl-1, 4-dihydropyrimidines were synthesized through mannich reaction. All compounds were characterized by physical and spectral data. These compounds were screened for in vitro efficiency in human breast cancer cell (MCF-7&MDA-MB-231) lines and found to have very good anti-proliferative activity.  Among all compounds of 4b, 3e, 4e endowed with lesser respective IC50 values of 31.94, 55.73, 55.03 µM in MCF-7 cells and 41.50, 35.28, 32.06 µM in MDA-MB 231 cells by MTT assay. In further studies, Compounds 4b, 3e, 4e were found to arrest cell growth at S phase in MCF-7 cells. In MDA-MB 231 cells, 4b, 4e were found to arrest the cells in S phase, and compound 3e found to arrest G2/M phase when compared to the standard drug tamoxifen, arrested S phase in MCF-7 cells and G0/G1 phase in MDA-MB 231 cells.
Comparison of the effect of the feldspathic sample surface preparation method on the strength of the bond with orthodontic aesthetic brackets
Authors: Włodarczyk-Górniak Olga , Szczesio Agata , Nowak Joanna , Klimek Leszek , Szczepańska Joanna , Pawłowska Elżbieta
Published: November 2018

As the amount of orthodontically treated adults is steadily increasing, the need arose of adhesive cementation of brackets for crowns and other ceramic restorations. The surface of dentist porcelain does not undergo etching with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and requires a different procedure protocol. Aim. The aim of the research was to evaluate the strength of the polycrystalline bracket bonds with feldspathic ceramics processed using some selected methods. Material and methods. Feldspathic ceramic samples fired onto a metal cylinder were divided into five groups and processed with the selected methods. The surface was subjected to scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and roughness profile examination. Next, after cementing the polycrystalline brackets and after conducting a thermocycling process (24h, 1450 cycles), a technical shear resistance test was performed in a strength testing machine. The resulting adhesive-cohesive fracture was evaluated as well as the ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index). The findings were subjected to statistical analysis. Results. All the samples tested demonstrated that the orthodontic bracket bonding strength with ceramics examined using the shear resistance test amounted to more than 7 MPa, with such bonding strength being considered sufficient to conduct orthodontic treatment. The highest mean strength was obtained and the most frequent adhesive-cohesive fracture with damage to the ceramics was observed in group HF (12,85 MPa). The preparation applied in group MEP (10,03 MPa) had the lowest influence on the ceramics structure. This was observed in the roughness profile test and in the SEM test. The surface structure of the samples in the MEP group did not significantly differ from that in the K group. Conclusions. The tests demonstrated that the alternative procedure methods applied during the feldspathic ceramics surface preparation for adhesive cementing comply with the requirements set by the contemporary orthodontics. (Włodarczyk-Górniak O, Szczesio A, Nowak J, Klimek L, Szczepańska J, Pawłowska E. Comparison of the effect of the feldspathic sample surface preparation method on the strength of the bond with orthodontic aesthetic brackets. Orthod Forum 2018; 14: 167-77).
Assessment of the effects of selected risk factors on the presence of gingival recession of incisors and canines in the mandible – a survey
Authors: Kalina Edyta , Górski Bartłomiej , Sobieska Ewa , Zadurska Małgorzata
Published: November 2018

In dental practice, gingival recession is a common problem among patients. Root surface exposure predisposes to the development of caries, dentin hypersensitivity, and it deteriorates the aesthetics of the smile. The aetiology of gingival recession is multifactorial. Its formation may be affected by anatomical conditions, behavioural factors, as well as iatrogenic errors. Aim. To assess the correlation between selected behavioural risk factors and the presence of gingival recession of incisors and canines in the mandible. Material and methods. A survey and clinical examination were conducted in 35 patients of both sexes. The survey was focused on risk factors of gingival recession depending on the patient, and the clinical examination assessed the presence of gingival recession (GR), dental plaque (DP) and bleeding on probing (BoP) for 210 teeth. The correlation between the occurrence of gingival recession and DP, BoP and behavioural factors was studied. A statistical analysis was performed in Statistica 13, the Spearman’s test was used to assess the correlation with the significance level of 0.05. Results. Gingival recession was observed for 44 teeth (21.05%). A positive correlation was found between gingival recession and the patient's age and the tooth brushing technique (horizontal movements). Circular movements of a toothbrush while tooth brushing correlated negatively with gingival recession. Conclusions. Gingival recession near incisors and canines exacerbates with the patient’s age and depends on the tooth brushing technique – horizontal movements favour recession, while circular movements favour maintaining the proper level of the gingivae.
AUMENTANDODESEMPENHO DEALGORITMOSDEMINERAÇÃODEDADOSUTILIZANDOAPLATAFORMACUDA
Authors: Varela Ferreira Matheus , Assis  da  Silva Francisco , Luiz  de Almeida Leandro , Roberto Pereira Danillo
Published: November 2018

With the increasing need to make decisions in the short term, industry (pharmaceutical, petrochemical, aeronautics and etc.) has been seeking new ways to reduce the time of the data mining process to obtain knowledge. In recent years, many technological resources are being used to mitigate this need, an example is CUDA. CUDA is a platform that enables the use of GeForce GPUs in conjunction with CPUs for data processing, significantly reducing processing time. This work proposes to perform a comparative analysis of the processing time between two versions of some data mining algorithms (Apriori, AprioriAll, Naïve Bayes and K-Means), one running on CPU only and one on CPU in conjunction with GPU through platform CUDA. Through the experiments performed, it was observed that using the CUDA platform it is possible to obtain satisfactory results.
RECURSO PARA AUXÍLIO E MONITORAMENTO DE IDOSOS QUE MORAM SOZINHOS
Authors: Antônio   Chiari Renato , Assis   da Silva Francisco , Luiz   de Almeida Leandro , Roberto Pereira Danillo , Augusto Pazoti Mario
Published: November 2018

The increase in life expectancy and the reduction of fertility rates contribute to a global aging, in Brazil the number of people over 60 years went from 3 million in 1960 to more than 20 million in 2010, with that another number that is increasing Is the number of elderly people living alone, from 1.1 million in 1992 to 3.7 million in 2012. This work proposes the creation of a technological resource to help and monitor the elderly who live alone. Thefeature createdconsists of anapplication for smartphones with Android operating system that must be installed on the devices of the elderly and its responsible,allowingthe sending of warnings through texts of instantaneous display and warningsof automatic display at dates and times set by the person in charge, It also has options for making video calls and for consulting the location of the elderly. The application also uses the smartphone's accelerometer to detect when the elderly suffer a fall and notify the responsible through an SMS.
Motivational Incentives of Civil Servants in Lithuanian Municipalities
Authors: Druskienė Aušra , Šarkiūnaitė Ingrida
Published: November 2018

Effective public management cannot be imagined without an efficiently functioning civil service apparatus. It is often stated that people working in the civil service are driven by idealistic motives, however, to ensure the implementation of the state's objectives, the efficiency and quality of civil servant activities, adequate motivational incentives of civil servants are necessary. The article analyzes theoretical and analytical aspects of the motivational incentives of civil servants: the concept of incentives for civil servants, their value and typology, empirical level of investigation and the experience in the motivation of civil servants at the level of the local government. Theoretical and analytical analysis revealed that the motivation system for civil servants must be balanced, based on the combination of monetary, moral, political, normative and emotional stimuli as well as responding to the motives of civil servants and increasing their job satisfaction. The results of the research showed that the civil servants in Lithuanian municipalities are mostly motivated by moral and normative, and less often by political and monetary incentives. Institutions mostly focus on the willingness of civil servants to contribute to the creation of a society's well-being, to carry out their duty to the public and to serve as well as loyalty and commitment to the institution and promotion of personal development. The study highlighted the importance of the management and direct management in motivating civil servants.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.17.3.21952
Staatsorganisationsrecht
Authors: Morlok Martin , Michael Lothar
Published: November 2018

Das Staatsorganisationsrecht zählt bei Studierenden zu den unbeliebtesten Materien des Öffentlichen Rechts. Die Schwierigkeiten im Umgang mit staatsorganisatorischen Fragestellungen rühren insbesondere aus der scheinbaren Unstrukturiertheit der Materie und den deshalb fehlenden Prüfungs- und Aufbauschemata. Hier schafft das Werk Abhilfe. Klar strukturiert vermittelt es die Zusammenhänge zu den verfassungsrechtlichen Grundlagen und der Funktionsweise ihrer Organe. Zahlreiche Fälle und Beispiele dienen der Veranschaulichung; Vertiefungs- und Wiederholungsfragen ermöglichen eine gezielte Examensvorbereitung.
Gestational Trophoblastic Tumors: A Timely Review of Diagnostic Pathology
Authors: Hui Pei
Published: November 2018

Context.—

Gestational trophoblastic tumors include 3 distinct entities: gestational choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. Accurate diagnosis is important for clinical management of the patient.

Objective.—

To review clinical features and pathologic diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic tumors.

Data Sources.—

Literature and personal experience are the sources for this study.

Conclusions.—

Trophoblastic tumors are rare encounters in modern medicine, as a result of clinical practice of molar surveillance programs and early chemotherapeutic intervention for persistent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Diagnostic recognition of these tumors requires a high index of suspicion, awareness of their histologic characteristics, and appropriate application of immunohistochemical and molecular biomarkers. Recent attention has been given to a few precursor lesions of gestational trophoblastic tumors, including early/in situ choriocarcinoma and atypical placental site nodule.
Update on Gastrointestinal Lymphomas
Authors: Weindorf Steven C. , Smith Lauren B. , Owens Scott R.
Published: November 2018

Herein we review the following selection of gastrointestinal lymphomas: monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma; indolent T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the gastrointestinal tract; intestinal T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified; duodenal-type follicular lymphoma; and Epstein-Barr virus–positive mucocutaneous ulcer. Definitions reflect the 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic characteristics of each entity are emphasized.
TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER CONTAINING AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS USING THE A2O-MBBR METHOD
Authors: Nhan Vu Duy , Tu Nguyen Van , Nhan Nguyen Thi , Nhan Vu Duy , Huong Le Mai , Tsarev Yuri V. , Huong Le Thi Mai
Published: November 2018

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is widely used in explosives production. Since it is toxic and mutagenic to humans and animals, decontamination of TNT wastewater is necessary. Wastewater, containing TNT, from four factories in Vietnam producing industrial explosives were collected. The samples had different characteristics and varied widely, especially in terms of TNT concentration, depending on the technology and production management method at each plant. The TNT concentration ranged from 25 to 128 mg/l, chemical oxygen demand (COD) ranged from 128 to 650 mg/l, BOD5 ranged from 28 to 67 mg/l, NH4+ranged from 23 to 325 mg/l, T-P ranged from 0.13 to 0.38, and pH ranged from 6.5 to 8.2. In Vietnam, removal of TNT is carried out using granular activated carbon adsorption and an incineration method. This method is expensive and generates secondary pollution. To overcome these drawbacks, the combination of an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic and moving bed biofilm reactor (A2O-MBBR) for treating TNT wastewater was investigated in this study. Reaction tanks of the A2O-MBBR system were supplemented with activated sludges, from a wastewater treatment station in Chemical and Electrical Engineering Company 15, containing biological preparations of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The results showed that after 30 days under operating conditions of COD of 200-250 mg/l, MSLL of 1800-3000 mg/l, and DO of 5 mg/l, COD removal efficiency reached approximately 70-83%, the TNT concentration decreased by 91-99.7% (to approximately 0.5- 2 mg/l), and the ammonium concentration fell to 15-17 mg/l (reaching 42.8–66% removal efficiency after 24 h of treatment).

For citation:

Nhan Vu Duy, Tu Nguyen Van, Nhan Nguyen Thi, Huong Le Mai, Tsarev Yu.V., Huong Le Thi Mai Treatment of wastewater containing aromatic nitro compounds using the A2O-MBBR method. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 113-119
ANALYSIS OF THE CATALYST OF THE MEDIUM-TEMPERATURE CONVERSION OF CARBON MONOXIDE BY WATER VAPOR
Authors: Rumyantsev R. N. , Lebedev M. A. , Popov D. S. , Il’in A. A. , Uzhevskaya U. S. , Il’in A. P.
Published: November 2018

The work is devoted to the investigation of the iron-chromium catalyst, which is used at the stage of medium-temperature conversion of carbon monoxide by steam in large-capacity ammonia and hydrogen production. S brand catalyst was chosen аs the object for research. Literature data on the properties of this object are absent. In carrying out the work, such research methods as X-ray phase, synchronous thermal and laser analysis, scanning electron spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and the method of low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen were used. It is shown that, in addition to the main components (Fe, Cr, Cu) the catalyst contains promoters (Ca, Mn) in the form of compounds in the nanodispersed X-ray diffraction phase.The investigated catalyst has a rather developed specific surface, which is 96.4 ± 0.5 m2/g. By processing nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, it has been found that there are no micro- and macropores in the sample, and the available mesopores have sizes from 3 to 15 nm. The catalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by the degree of CO conversion in the catalytic high-pressure unit PKU-2. The maximum degree of CO conversion is reached 91% at 360 °C. Analysis of the steam condensate formed during the conversion revealed the presence of methyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, butanol in it. The results of the work performed can be used to develop new, more efficient, catalytic systems for the process of medium-temperature conversion of carbon monoxide by steam.

For citation:

Rumyantsev R.N., Lebedev M.A., Popov D.S., Il’in A.A., Uzhevskaya U.S., Il’in A.P. Analysis of catalyst of medium-temperature conversion of carbon monoxide by water vapor. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 83-88
INVESTIGATION OF PROCESS OF NATURAL GRAPHITE SPHEROIDIZATION
Authors: Yudina Tatiana F. , Blinichev Valeryan N. , Bratkov Iliya V. , Gushchina Tatiana V. , Melnikov Aleksey G.
Published: November 2018

In this paper, the process of spheroidization of natural graphite powders on an original impact-reflecting mill with internal separation of particles was investigated. It was established that the process of spheroidization of natural graphite by impact depends both on the intensity and duration of mechanical activation. For the type of mill used, the critical linear velocity of the impact elements of the mill rotor, at which the graphite particles can be spheroidized, is 45 m/s. An increase in the linear rotational speed of the mill (intensity of impact) leads to a decrease in the average particle size, an increase in particle roundness, but significantly increases product losses. In the process of mechanical activation by impact, it is possible to increase the coefficient of roundness of the graphite particles to an average value of 0.8-0.9, which leads to compaction of graphite powders. The presence of ash impurities has a negative effect on the ability of natural graphite powders to compact. A mechanism is proposed for the process of spheroidization of graphite particles in a shock-reflecting mill. According to the proposed mechanism, at first, small-sized graphite plates are detached and deformed due to impact. As the free energy accumulates, agglomeration of deformed particles into spheres takes place. With increasing processing time, the surface of the particles is smoothed due to their friction with each other and against the wall of the mill. Powders of spherical graphite obtained by the proposed method have shown the possibility of their use as an anode material of lithium-ion batteries. The type of equipment investigated has made it possible to reduce the required number of pieces of equipment from 20 to 12 impact mills per line in comparison with foreign analogues.

For citation:

Yudina T.F., Blinichev V.N., Bratkov I.V., Gushchina Т.V., Melnikov A.G. Investigation of process of natural graphite spheroidization. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 48-52
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FLUID DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF BIOMASS PARTICLES IN FLUIDIZED BEDS: A REVIEW
Authors: Tannous Katia , De Mitri Aline Gallo , Mizonov Vadim
Published: November 2018

Decease of natural resources and increase of price of fossil fuels at growing energy consumption, toughening of ecological standards and necessity of the increase of the level of energetics diversification motivates mankind to more wide usage of renewable energy resources including the solid fuel of biological origin. The potential of biofuel usage is rather considerable because the energy equivalent of the biomass harvest on the land exceeds the worldwide energy consumption several times as much. The biomass application as a renewable fuel is already a reality worldwide with the development of policies and technologies that turn viable the transformation of biomass into energy. The aims of this work is to present a literature experimental review on the studies concerning to the use of fluidized beds taking into account their design and scale-up. Initially, the usual solid particle terminology and some important biomass properties are presented. A brief description of conversion technologies and the fluidization phenomena are introduced, followed by an explanation of the different experimental techniques. The characteristic velocities (initial, apparent, of segregation, and complete) are discussed based on different biomass properties, as well as a number of empirical correlations for these velocities are described. Finally, some considerations are made about characteristic bed porosities (apparent and complete) and bed expansion. Based on the literature analysis, an improvement has been done on the understanding of the biomass fluidization phenomena, however, further research is needed to comprehend the effect of biomass characteristics on the bed operational parameters, besides more accurate and general correlations must be developed to improve these technologies.

For citation:

Tannous K., De Mitri A.G., Mizonov V. Experimental study of fluid dynamic behavior of biomassparticles in fluidized beds: a review. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 4-14
L’immigration indienne en Guadeloupe et dans la Caraïbe Française. La même… et une autre qu’à Trinidad ! 1848[1853-1889]1923
Authors: Caïlachon Jack
Published: November 2018

Comme Trinidad, la Guadeloupe, la Guyane et la Martinique ont en partage – avec quelques autres territoires voisins – l’expérience d’une immigration indienne au XIX

ème

siècle qui, dans des proportions très variables, a un peu reconfiguré leurs sociétés créoles telles qu’elles se donnent à voir au début du XXI

ème

. L’empreinte ainsi laissée par cette séquence historique est incomparablement plus puissante à Trinidad que dans la Caraïbe française où elle est davantage de l’ordre du filigrane, mais dont les traits s’accentuent progressivement grâce à un militantisme culturel amorcé à partir des années 1960 par des guadeloupéens, martiniquais et guyanais d’ascendance indienne, ou métissée indienne. La conférence d’aujourd’hui à l’Alliance Française de Port- d’Espagne, à Trinidad & Tobago, s’articulera autour de deux grands axes : le premier touchant à l’histoire de cette immigration du XIX

ème

siècle dans les colonies de la France dans la Caraïbe ; le second portant un regard socioculturel sur le reflet indien des sociétés créoles de la Caraïbe française d’aujourd’hui.
Toronto’s Cartographic Birth Certificate
Authors: Laprairie Rick
Published: November 2018

This article posits that the earliest map to have ever used the name Toronto as a place is uncovered. Previously unnoticed, the name “Tarontos Lac,” for today’s Lake Simcoe, is on a 1678 map by Jean-Baptiste-Louis Franquelin. His map, “Carte pour servir a l’eclaircissement du Papier Terrier de la Nouvelle France,” is now recognized as Toronto’s cartographic birth certificate. The article describes the map, discusses how the discovery came about and why the name may have gone unnoticed until now. This cartographic study is set in the history of the exploration of the Great Lakes region and the Mississippi River. Three other unsigned and undated period maps, often claimed as “Toronto” firsts, are also examined. These claims are dismissed, as revised attributions show them to have been by different cartographers and dated later than originally thought, making Franquelin’s map the oldest. The cartographic genealogy of the name Toronto is traced back through three and a half centuries to its initial appearance on Franquelin’s map.
Multi-gene phylogeny and divergence estimations for Evaniidae (Hymenoptera)
Authors: Sharanowski Barbara J , Peixoto Leanne , Dal Molin Anamaria , Deans Andrew R
Published: November 2018

Ensign wasps (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) develop as predators of cockroach eggs (Blattodea), have a wide distribution and exhibit numerous interesting biological phenomena. The taxonomy of this lineage has been the subject of several recent, intensive efforts, but the lineage lacked a robust phylogeny. In this paper we present a new phylogeny, based on increased taxonomic sampling and data from six molecular markers (mitochondrial 16S and COI, and nuclear markers 28S, RPS23, CAD, and AM2), the latter used for the first time in phylogenetic reconstruction. Our intent is to provide a robust phylogeny that will stabilize and facilitate revision of the higher-level classification. We also show the continued utility of molecular motifs, especially the presence of an intron in the RPS23 fragments of certain taxa, to diagnose evaniid clades and assist with taxonomic classification. Furthermore, we estimate divergence times among evaniid lineages for the first time, using multiple fossil calibrations. Evaniidae radiated primarily in the Early Cretaceous (134.1-141.1 Mya), with and most extant genera diverging near the K-T boundary. The estimated phylogeny reveals a more robust topology than previous efforts, with the recovery of more monophyletic taxa and better higher-level resolution. The results facilitate a change in ensign wasp taxonomy, with Parevania, syn. nov., and Papatuka, syn. nov. becoming junior synonyms of Zeuxevania, and Acanthinevania, syn. nov. being designated as junior synonym of Szepligetella. We transfer 30 species to Zeuxevania, either reestablishing past combinations or as new combinations. We also transfer 20 species from Acanthinevania to Szepligetella as new combinations.
Peranan penginderaan jauh dalam menyokong kajian pemetaan batas wilayah darat (studi kasus: Desa Baturetno, Kecamatan Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul, DIY)
Authors: Ahmad A.G.
Published: November 2018

Pemetaan batas wilayah merupakan kegiatan yang dapat berlaku terus-menerus seiring perkembangan wilayah. Berbagai metode dalam pemetaan batas wilayah yang sudah dilakukan memiliki keunggulan dan kelemahan masing-masing. Teknologi penginderaan jauh yang terus berkembang dapat dioptimalkan dalam pemetaan batas wilayah, sehingga dapat menjadi lebih efisien. Penginderaan jauh merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengetahui kondisi di permukaan bumi, salah satunya dalam pemetaan batas wilayah yang memanfaatkan citra resolusi tinggi, yakni Citra Quickbird. Ketelitian spasial Citra Quickbird yang mencapai 2,4 meter per piksel dapat digunakan untuk mengamati penggunaan lahan, untuk selanjutnya dibuat menjadi sebuah peta dan dijadikan sebagai informasi spasial dasar. Penelusuran batas yang sudah disepakati dilakukan di atas citra, sementara kegiatan lapangan dilakukan sebagai tambahan informasi dalam penelusuran batas. Tiga titik sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian menunjukkan bahwa informasi penginderaan jauh yang diperoleh dapat mendukung penelusuran batas wilayah karena terdapat perbedaan antara garis batas pada peta RBI dengan batas sebenarnya. Perbedaan luas wilayah yang ditemukan antara data BPS dengan hasil kalkulasi otomatis berdasarkan garis batas wilayah sebenarnya mencapai 24 Ha. Kajian menggunakan Citra Quickbird dapat dioptimalkan untuk penelusuran batas wilayah darat yang memiliki kondisi fisik homogen
Wilayah intensitas tinggi sebaran hotspots di Provinsi Riau tahun 2005 - 2014
Authors: Harahap Rina M.
Published: November 2018

Tulisan ini berupaya mengelaborasi data spasial faktor-faktor pemicu kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Provinsi Riau. Faktor-faktor tersebut diterjemahkan menjadi tiga variabel bebas yakni curah hujan, lahan gambut, dan penggunaan lahan. Curah hujan dan lahan gambut merupakan faktor pemicu alami sedangkan penggunaan lahan merepresentasikan faktor pemicu akibat aktivitas manusia. Kemudian, pada tulisan ini yang menjadi variabel terikat adalah hotspots (titik panas). Hotspots yang dihasilkan oleh sensor satelit NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) akibat kenaikan suhu di atas 315° K atau 42°C pada luasan 1 km2 ini mengindikasikan adanya kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Selain bertujuan untuk mengetahui wilayah sebaran hotspots dengan intensitas yang tinggi selama 10 tahun (2005-2014), tulisan ini juga bertujuan melihat hubungan pola sebaran hotspots dengan ketiga faktor tersebut dalam konteks spasial dan temporal. Hasilnya, pola spasial kepadatan hotspots terkonsentrasi di Kota Dumai, Kabupaten Rokan Hilir, Bengkalis dan Pelalawan. Analisis temporal menunjukkan jumlah hotspots terbanyak pada periode 2005-2014 terjadi pada bulan Juni hingga Agustus dengan karakteristik wilayah curah hujan bulanan rendah yaitu 50 - 150 mm/bulan, lahan gambut dengan kedalaman lebih dari 4 meter (sangat dalam) dan jenis penggunaan lahan perkebunan, hutan lahan basah sekunder dan semak belukar

 Kata kunci: curah hujan, gambut, penggunaan lahan, hotspots
Pemodelan debit banjir sehubungan dengan prediksi perubahan tutupan lahan di daerah aliran Ci Leungsi Hulu menggunakan HEC-HMS
Authors: Marko Kuswantoro , Zulkarnain Faris
Published: November 2018

DAS Cileungsi Hulu adalah salah satu DAS yang memiliki peran penting dalam menyumbang limpasan air ke daerah hilir, yakni Kota Bekasi. Pertumbuhan penduduk yang tergolong tinggi telah mendorong perubahan pemanfaatan lahan secara signifikan. Salah satu penyebab banjir yang terjadi di Kota Bekasi adalah karena meningkatnya debit sungai di hulu Kali Bekasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi debit banjir yang akan terjadi sehubungan dengan prediksi perubahan tutupan lahan pada tahun 2020, 2025, dan 2030. Metode SCS CN digunakan untuk perhitungan volume limpasan dan hidrograf satuan sintetis dengan menggunakan HEC-HMS. Nilai CN yang diperoleh pada data eksisting yakni 72,5; 74,4; dan 75,4 pada tahun 2005, 2010, dan 2014 secara berurutan, sedangkan hasil prediksi nilai CN pada tahun 2020, 2025, dan 2030 mengalami peningkatan yakni 77,2; 78,4; dan 79,4 secara berurutan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan prediksi debit banjir pada tahun 2020, 2025, dan 2030 mengalami peningkatan, yakni dari 2020 ke 2025 sebesar 28,4%, dan dari 2025 ke 2030 sebesar 26.8%. Untuk periode ulang 25 tahun dengan curah hujan rancangan sebesar 197mm menghasilkan debit banjir sebesar 624,6; 653,0; dan 679,8 m3/dt pada tahun 2020, 2025, dan 2030 secara berturut-turut. Penelitian ini dapat bermanfaat bagi perencanaan pembangunan wilayah perkotaan, khususnya dalam mengantisipasi kerugian akibat adanya banjir di masa mendatang.

Kata kunci: Pemodelan banjir, perubahan tutupan lahan, SCS-CN, HEC-HMS 
A taxonomically and geographically constrained information base limits non-native reptile and amphibian risk assessment: a systematic review
Authors: van Wilgen Nicola J. , Gillespie Micaela S. , Richardson David M. , Measey John
Published: November 2018

For many taxa, new records of non-native introductions globally occur at a near exponential rate. We undertook a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications on non-native herpetofauna, to assess the information base available for assessing risks of future invasions, resulting in 836 relevant papers. The taxonomic and geographic scope of the literature was also compared to a published database of all known invasions globally. We found 1,116 species of herpetofauna, 95% of which were present in fewer than 12 studies. Nearly all literature on the invasion ecology of herpetofauna has appeared since 2000, with a strong focus on frogs (58%), particularly cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their impacts in Australia. While fewer papers have been published on turtles and snakes, proportionately more species from both these groups have been studied than for frogs. Within each herpetofaunal group, there are a handful of well-studied species:R. marina,Lithobates catesbeianus, Xenopus laevis,Trachemys scripta,Boiga irregularisandAnolis sagrei. Most research (416 papers; 50%) has addressed impacts, with far fewer studies on aspects like trade (2%). Besides Australia (213 studies), most countries have little location-specific peer-reviewed literature on non-native herpetofauna (on average 1.1 papers per established species). Other exceptions were Guam, the UK, China, California and France, but even their publication coverage across established species was not even. New methods for assessing and prioritizing invasive species such as the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa provide useful frameworks for risk assessment, but require robust species-level studies. Global initiatives, similar to the Global Amphibian Assessment, using the species and taxonomic groups identified here, are needed to derive the level of information across broad geographic ranges required to apply these frameworks. Expansive studies on model species can be used to indicate productive research foci for understudied taxa.
Essential tremor severity and anatomical changes in brain areas controlling movement sequencing
Authors: Benito‐León Julián , Serrano José Ignacio , Louis Elan D. , Holobar Ales , Romero Juan P. , Povalej‐Bržan Petra , Kranjec Jernej , Bermejo‐Pareja Félix , del Castillo María Dolores , Posada Ignacio Javier , Rocon Eduardo
Published: November 2018

Objective

Although the cerebello‐thalamo‐cortical network has often been suggested to be of importance in the pathogenesis of essential tremor (ET), the origins of tremorgenic activity in this disease are not fully understood. We used a combination of cortical thickness imaging and neurophysiological studies to analyze whether the severity of tremor was associated with anatomical changes in the brain in ET patients.

Methods

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a neurophysiological assessment were performed in 13 nondemented ET patients. High field structural brain MRI images acquired in a 3T scanner and analyses of cortical thickness and surface were carried out. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation was performed with the FreeSurfer image analysis software. We used high‐density surface electromyography (hdEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMUs) to quantify the tremor severity in upper extrimities of patients. In particular, advanced computer tool was used to reliably identify discharge patterns of individual motor units from surface hdEMG and quantify motor unit synchronization.

Results

We found significant association between increased motor unit synchronization (i.e., more severe tremor) and cortical changes (i.e., atrophy) in widespread cerebral cortical areas, including the left medial orbitofrontal cortex, left isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, right paracentral lobule, right lingual gyrus, as well as reduced left supramarginal gyrus (inferior parietal cortex), right isthmus of the cingulate gyrus, left thalamus, and left amygdala volumes.

Interpretation

Given that most of these brain areas are involved in controlling movement sequencing, ET tremor could be the result of an involuntary activation of a program of motor behavior used in the genesis of voluntary repetitive movements.
An Ambipolar Superconducting Field‐Effect Transistor Operating above Liquid Helium Temperature
Authors: Kawaguchi Genta , Bardin Andrey A. , Suda Masayuki , Uruichi Mikio , Yamamoto Hiroshi M.
Published: November 2018

Superconducting (SC) devices are attracting renewed attention as the demands for quantum‐information processing, meteorology, and sensing become advanced. The SC field‐effect transistor (FET) is one of the elements that can control the SC state, but its variety is still limited. Superconductors at the strong‐coupling limit tend to require a higher carrier density when the critical temperature (TC) becomes higher. Therefore, field‐effect control of superconductivity by a solid gate dielectric has been limited only to low temperatures. However, recent efforts have resulted in achieving n‐type and p‐type SC FETs based on organic superconductors whose TC exceed liquid He temperature (4.2 K). Here, a novel “ambipolar” SC FET operating at normally OFF mode with TC of around 6 K is reported. Although this is the second example of an SC FET with such an operation mode, the operation temperature exceeds that of the first example, or magic‐angle twisted‐bilayer graphene that operates at around 1 K. Because the superconductivity in this SC FET is of unconventional type, the performance of the present device will contribute not only to fabricating SC circuits, but also to elucidating phase transitions of strongly correlated electron systems.
Highly Crystalline K‐Intercalated Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Alkenes and Alkynes Deuterations
Authors: Qiu Chuntian , Xu Yangsen , Fan Xin , Xu Dong , Tandiana Rika , Ling Xiang , Jiang Yanan , Liu Cuibo , Yu Lei , Chen Wei , Su Chenliang
Published: November 2018

In addition to the significance of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, the utilization of the in situ generated H/D (deuterium) active species from water splitting for artificial photosynthesis of high value‐added chemicals is very attractive and promising. Herein, photocatalytic water splitting technology is utilized to generate D‐active species (i.e., Dad) that can be stabilized on anchored 2nd metal catalyst and are readily for tandem controllable deuterations of carbon–carbon multibonds to produce high value‐added D‐labeled chemicals/pharmaceuticals. A highly crystalline K cations intercalated polymeric carbon nitride (KPCN), rationally designed, and fabricated by a solid‐template induced growth, is served as an ultraefficient photocatalyst, which shows a greater than 18‐fold enhancement in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over the bulk PCN. The photocatalytic in situ generated D‐species by superior KPCN are utilized for selective deuteration of a variety of alkenes and alkynes by anchored 2nd catalyst, Pd nanoparticles, to produce the corresponding D‐labeled chemicals and pharmaceuticals with high yields and D‐incorporation. This work highlights the great potential of developing photocatalytic water splitting technology for artificial photosynthesis of value‐added chemicals instead of H2 evolution.
Concurrent Optical Gain Optimization and Electrical Tuning in Novel Oligomer:Polymer Blends with Yellow‐Green Laser Emission
Authors: Zhang Qi , Wei Qi , Guo Xiangru , Hai Gang , Sun Huizhi , Li Jiewei , Xia Ruidong , Qian Yan , Casado Santiago , Castro‐Smirnov José Raúl , Cabanillas‐Gonzalez Juan
Published: November 2018

Electrically pumped organic lasing requires the integration of electrodes contact into the laser cavity in an organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) or organic field effect transistor configuration to enable charge injection. Efficient and balanced carrier injection requires in turn alignment of the energy levels of the organic active layers with the Fermi levels of the cathode and anode. This can be achieved through chemical substitution with specific aromatic functional groups, although paying the price for a substantial (and often detrimental) change in the emission and light amplifying properties of the organic gain medium. Here, using host–guest energy transfer mixtures with hosts bearing a systematic and gradual shift in molecular orbitals is proposed, which reduces the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold of the organic gain medium significantly while leaving the peak emission unaffected. By virtue of the low guest doping required for complete host‐to‐guest energy transfer, the injection levels in the blends are attributed to the host whereas the gain properties solely depend on the guest. It is demonstrated that the ASE peak and thresholds of blends with different hosts do not differ while the current efficiency of OLEDs devices is deeply influenced by molecular orbital tuning of the hosts.
Correlation between Li Plating Behavior and Surface Characteristics of Carbon Matrix toward Stable Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Cui Jiang , Yao Shanshan , Ihsan‐Ul‐Haq Muhammad , Wu Junxiong , Kim Jang‐Kyo
Published: November 2018

Carbonaceous materials are widely employed to host Li for stable and safe Li metal batteries while relatively little effort is devoted to tailoring the surface properties of carbon to facilitate uniform Li plating. Herein, the correlation between Li plating behavior and the surface characteristics of electrospun porous carbon nanofibers (PCNFs) is systemically elucidated through experiments and theoretical calculations. It is revealed that the neat carbon surface suffers from severe lattice mismatch with Li metal, hindering uniform Li plating. In contrast, open pores created on the PCNF surface serve as active sites for controlled initial nucleation of Li. The introduction of oxygenated functional groups further facilitates the nucleation of Li on PCNFs through the largely reduced nucleation energy barrier. The Li film uniformly deposited on PCNFs enables efficient use of the whole carbon surface, giving rise to enhanced cyclic stability of the electrode. When used as an anode in lithium–sulfur batteries, the modified electrode delivers an excellent energy density of 385 Wh kg−1 after 100 cycles. The fundamental correlation established in this study is universal to all types of carbonaceous materials and sheds new light on the rational design of high‐performance Li metal anodes by controlling the initial Li nucleation.