bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Insight on Protein Kinases and Their Therapeutic Perspective
Authors: Kumar Dhal Ajit , Ritaparna Prajna
Published: July 2024

This book chapter investigates protein kinases, pivotal enzymes governing cellular signaling, and regulation. Constituting around 2% of human genes, protein kinases play a vital role in phosphorylation, a crucial post-translational modification dictating cellular functions. Emphasizing their dynamic nature as molecular switches, the chapter explores their structural intricacies and regulatory mechanisms. It classifies protein kinases into five families based on evolutionary and structural resemblances, each contributing to diverse signaling pathways governing cell growth, metabolism, and immune responses. Dysregulation of these kinases is implicated in various diseases. The chapter discusses the significance of protein kinases in cancer therapy, highlighting targeted treatments such as small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. It further explores their role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, as well as their involvement in cardiovascular diseases, emphasizing their potential as therapeutic targets. Additionally, it sheds light on the regulatory role of protein kinases in inflammatory conditions, suggesting kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies as promising strategies for managing diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive overview of protein kinases, underlining their structural diversity, regulatory mechanisms, and pivotal roles in physiological and pathological contexts, thereby highlighting their potential as promising targets for personalized medicine interventions across various diseases.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Two Disinfection Processes on Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in the Intensive Care Units of an Educational, Research, and Treatment Hospital in Semnan, Iran
Authors: Hamidi Fateme , Rahmani Ayat , Yousefzadeh Samira , Eslami Majid , Nassehinia Hamidreza
Published: July 2024

Background: Disinfection is the process of killing pathogenic microorganisms on non-living surfaces. Selecting and using appropriate and standard disinfection methods can significantly reduce nosocomial infections. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the disinfection process on bacteria causing nosocomial infections in an educational, research, and treatment hospital located in Semnan, Iran in 2021. Methods: In 2021, 156 samples were collected and analyzed for microorganism growth in a suitable culture medium from the surgical ICU, CCU, and internal wards of men at Kosar Hospital in Semnan. Samples were taken during three work shifts (morning, evening, and night) from breakfast tables, suction devices, ventilators or biopsy equipment, and rods at the patient's bed. Results: Before the disinfection process, 81.8% (27 cases) of the samples tested positive for various microorganisms. The most commonly grown microorganisms were Klebsiella (33.3%) and Staphylococcus (18.2%). The highest percentage of microorganisms developed after disinfection with Sayasept and sodium hypochlorite were seen at two and a half hours (26.3%) and two hours (26.7%), respectively. Disinfection with sodium hypochlorite significantly reduced the number of microorganisms grown in the post-disinfection period compared to before (P-value = 0.042), whereas disinfection with Sayasept did not show a statistically significant effect (P-value = 0.132). Conclusions: Using sodium hypochlorite greatly decreased the number of microorganisms in the post-disinfection period, despite the high number of microorganisms present before disinfection in the analyzed wards. It is vital to implement hygienic policies that ensure proper disinfection of hospital surfaces and provide adequate training, particularly emphasizing the use of sodium hypochlorite.
Can Highly Specific Ultrasound Criteria Obviate the Need for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Patients with Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis?
Authors: Heidarzadeh Hajar , Nazeri Niloufar , Forghani Mohammad Naser , Bakhtiari Elham , Alamdaran Seyed Ali
Published: July 2024

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is primarily performed to detect axillary lymph node involvement and determine the need for surgical axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, the procedure is expensive and necessitates the use of radio-labelled colloids that are not readily available to a large number of patients. It also carries the risk of producing occasional false negative results. Objectives: This study aimed to define highly specific ultrasound parameters to ascertain axillary lymph node involvement as an alternative or complementary method to SLNB in selected patients who require ALND. Patients and Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 256 patients with confirmed breast cancer were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The selected patients were referred to Omid Hospital, a tertiary educational oncology center in Mashhad, Iran, from 2018 to 2022. This study identified highly specific cut-off points for ultrasound parameters to determine lymph node involvement in comparison with the histological diagnosis post-SLNB or ALND. Measurements were taken of the tumor size, the cortical thickness of the axillary lymph node, the short axis diameter of the node, and the count of lymph nodes with a cortical thickness of ≥ 3 mm. Results: Among 256 patients with a mean age of 46.41 ± 10.77 years, 202 (87.9%) had histologically confirmed metastatic adenopathy. The ultrasound cut-off values identified to define metastasis with high certainty were as follows: A tumor size > 50.5 mm (with 97% specificity), a difference in cortical thickness of ≥ 4.5 mm (with 100% specificity), a short axis diameter of the node > 12 mm (with 95% specificity), more than three lymph nodes with a cortical thickness of ≥ 3 mm (with 94.3% specificity), and a cortical thickness of ≥ 6 mm (with 95% specificity). Conclusion: Highly specific ultrasound findings can diagnose lymph node metastasis with a high degree of certainty and can used as an alternative method to SLNB. A difference of ≥ 4.5 mm between the cortical thickness of the suspected lymph node and the contralateral lymph node and a cortical thickness of ≥ 6 mm are ultrasound findings that can detect lymph nodes involvement, with a specificity ranging from 95% to 100%.
Vascular Blush Size Reduction, Technical Success and Safety of Intra-Arterial Embolization for Glomus Jugular Tumors: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rasul Ali Safeen , Kouhi Ali , Hassani Sara , Shakiba Madjid , Zebardast Jayran , Ghanaati Hossein
Published: July 2024

Background: Glomus jugulare tumors are slow-growing neuroendocrine paragangliomas located in the temporal bone. Surgical excision, the standard treatment option, carries a high risk of intraoperative bleeding due to the vascular nature of these lesions. To mitigate this risk, current practice involves performing intra-arterial embolization prior to surgery. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess postintervention safety, technical success, and the rate of vascular blush size reduction in a group of patients with Glomus jugulare tumors who were planned for surgery and underwent pre-surgical intra-arterial embolization of the lesion. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, all patients who underwent intravascular embolization for Glomus jugulare tumors from 2017 onwards were included. The study comprised 61 patients scheduled for surgery following embolization. All embolizations were completed in one session and were primarily performed via external carotid artery branches using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The size of the vascular blush was measured before and after embolization in coronal, supero-inferior sagittal, and antero-posterior sagittal planes, and the rate of blush size reduction was calculated. Procedure complications, including post-embolization pain, were recorded. In the statistical analysis, vascular blush size was compared between pre- and post-embolization times. Results: Pain after embolization was reported in 11 patients (18%). There were no other complications among the patients, indicating a high level of safety. All procedures were technically successful. The mean pre-embolization vascular blush diameter in the coronal plane was 29.1 ± 13.3 mm, which decreased to 16.8 ± 7.1 mm after embolization, representing an average diameter reduction of 38.5% (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this retrospective cohort study suggest that intra-arterial embolization for Glomus jugulare tumors is safe, technically successful, and effective in reducing vascular blush before surgery.
Macroeconomic Drivers of Electricity Prices in Nigeria
Authors: Bala Mansur , Ahmad Moyi Nasir , Gummi Umar Muhammad
Published: July 2024

Electricity price volatility in developing economies, particularly Nigeria, presents a significant challenge to sustainable development. In this paper, we examine the macroeconomic drivers of electricity prices (ELP) in Nigeria based on annual data spanning 1980-2022 and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) procedure. Our model estimates the long-run and short-run impacts of population growth (PG), economic growth (GDP), crude oil price (COPR), and electricity consumption (ELC) on electricity prices (ELP). The empirical findings reveal a positive and long-run effect of PG on ELP, indicating that rising demand from a growing population increases electricity prices. In the short-run, ELC surprisingly co-moved with ELP, which may be attributable to price-sensitive demand within specific consumer segments or periods. Furthermore, GDP and COPR exert positive effects on ELP, indicating that economic growth drives energy consumption and prices, and the cost-driven impact of fossil fuel dependence in electricity generation. These findings shed light on the complex interplay of demographic, economic, and energy market-related forces driving electricity prices in Nigeria. Therefore, the paper proposes some policy suggestions based on the empirical findings.
Unraveling the impact of energy demand and exports on environment and economy: A case study of South Asian Economies
Authors: Batool Kiran , Adeel Muhammad , Abubakar Abdulhalim Musa
Published: July 2024

This study employs empirical analysis using an econometric model that examines the interdependence among environmental degradation, exports, and economic development with energy use. It also provides an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) for selected South Asian economies utilizing time-series data. The findings reveal a long-term, stable equilibrium link between energy demand and pollution. There exists a positive relationship between structural factors and pollution. Moreover, this study constructs a model of exports and pollution from an interdependent perspective. The three perspectives are tested: the scale and structure of energy consumption considering the twin constraints of export-trade and pollution, and the scale of pollution in export-trade constraint. These results show that the increase in energy use leads to higher CO2 emissions amidst export volume. However, in the presence of income, the scale of effect lowers a little. The analysis also supports the presence of Kuznets curve for south-Asian economies. The results imply substantial scope for development in the energy use and pollution structure within South Asia's current export trade process. This development can be attained by regulating energy use and enhancing system efficacy without necessitating changes to the scale effect or structural effect.
Analisis Standarisasi Laboratorium Biologi di SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar
Authors: Melisa Melisa , Silalahi Mastiur Verawaty
Published: July 2024

Learning must have supporting infrastructure, where laboratory rooms have an important role in supporting an orderly learning or education process. The purpose of this research was to determine the standardization of biology laboratories at SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar. This research uses descriptive research methods using a quantitative approach with research subjects of 36 class XI students. Data collection techniques use observation and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used by researchers in this research is the Guttman scale. The research results show that the data from research on the standardization of biology laboratories at SMA Negeri 6 Pematangsiantar can be said to be feasible, because the average percentage obtained from the results of the questionnaire data shows that the laboratory has very good standards, namely with a percentage of 99.98%.
Utilization of carob flour for mitigating oil separation issue in traditional Turkish tahini halva
Authors: Özbek Çağla , Öncel Başak , Özdemir Yüksel
Published: July 2024

Tahini halva, a popular confectionery product, often encounters challenges such as oil separation and oxidation. This study investigates the potential of utilizing carob flour as a substitute for cocoa to address these issues and enhance the quality of tahini halva, especially in terms of bioactive properties and dietary fiber. Carob, abundant in the Mediterranean region, offers high nutritional value and functional benefits, making it a promising alternative. A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of carob flour on the physicochemical, antioxidant, and sensory characteristics of tahini halva in comparison to cocoa. Results revealed that the incorporation of carob flour effectively mitigated oil release, imparted superior antioxidant activity, and influenced the color attributes of tahini halva. Furthermore, sensory evaluation indicated comparable acceptability with control samples, with the optimal concentration of 5% carob flour yielding the most favorable outcomes. This research highlights the potential of carob flour as a functional ingredient to enhance the nutritional profile and sensory appeal of tahini halva, offering opportunities for product innovation and diversification in the confectionery industry.
Nörogastronomi ve sağlıklı besin seçimini geliştirme üzerindeki rolü
Authors: Sayiner Gülsüm , Beyhan Yasemin
Published: July 2024

Yiyeceğin görünümü, tat ve lezzete ilişkin belirli beklentiler sağlamaktadır. Bu da beslenme ve tüketim davranışını birçok açıdan etkilemektedir. Lezzet algısı, besinlerin tüketilmesi ve beyin tarafından işlenmesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan bir deneyimdir. Nörogastronomi, yemeğin, lezzetin ve yeme alışkanlıklarının, sinirbilim ile psikoloji gibi alanlardaki bilimsel araştırmalarla anlaşılmasını ve açıklanmasını hedefleyen multidisipliner bir alandır. Bu alan, insan beyninin yiyecekleri algılaması, tat duyusu, iştah kontrolü, yeme alışkanlıkları ve besin tercihlerine ilişkin süreçleri inceleyerek, yemek deneyimini etkileyen faktörleri anlamaya çalışmaktadır. Nörogastronominin en önemli araştırma alanı, beynin iştah ve gıda alımını düzenlemedeki rolüdür. Beynin duyulardan gelen bilgilere dayanarak yiyecek tatlarını işlemek için nasıl çalıştığını anlamak önemlidir. Beyin-iştah bağlantısını doğru bir şekilde anlamak, bireylerin daha sağlıklı yemek tercihleri yapmaları konusunda uzmanlara yol gösterici olabilir.  İnsanların yiyeceklerin sağlıklılığına ve lezzetine hem davranış hem de beyin düzeyinde nasıl değer verdiklerini hesaba katmak, aşırı kilo ve obezite ile ilgili sorunların daha iyi anlaşılmasına ve ele alınmasına yardımcı olabilmektedir. Nörogastronomi, yiyecekleri farklı şekilde algılamak için beyinle nasıl çalışılacağı ve sağlıklı gıdaların lezzetli olduğunu düşünmeye yönlendirme konularında yol gösterici olabilir. Bu makalede, tat ve lezzet kavramı, tat algısını etkileyen parametreler, görsel faktörler, tabaktaki yemeğin lezzetini etkileyen faktörler ve nörogastronominin sağlıklı besin seçimini geliştirme üzerindeki rolü incelenmiştir.
Fiber Content and Antioxidant Activity of Chiapuding from Chia Seeds and Soybean Extract with Temple Flower Extract as a Dilution for Obesite Teenagers
Authors: Rosyalia Moulieda , Junita Dera Elva , Wati Desti Ambar , Muharramah Alifiyanti
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research was to analyze the fiber content and antioxidant activity in pudding made from chia seeds and soybean juice with butterfly pea flower extract. The type of research is experimental research, with the RAL (Completely Randomized Design) method, which is carried out by adding chia seeds to making pudding with 5 treatments, namely F0 (0%), F1 (2%), F2 (4%), F3 (6%) and F4 (8%). Fiber content analysis using the AOAC method and antioxidant activity analysis using the DPPH method were carried out at the Lampung State Polytechnic Laboratory. Data processing was carried out by ANOVA and Duncan tests using SPSS 20. The results of statistical tests on fiber content showed that there was no effect of adding chia seeds to making pudding with a p-value = 0.106 even though there was an increase in each formula. The highest fiber content in F4 (8%) is 5.86% or 5.8 gr/100 gr pudding, which can meet daily fiber needs, namely 2.7 -3.7 gr/day. The results of statistical tests on antioxidant activity show that there is an effect of adding chia seeds to make pudding with a p-value = 0.000. The highest IC50 antioxidant activity was in F4 (8%) at 6090 µg/mL, even though the IC50 value was in the weak category, the smaller the IC50 value, the stronger the antioxidant was in warding off free radicals. Based on research results, the more chia seed formula added, the higher the fiber content and the higher the IC50 antioxidant activity.
Effect of Diaphragm Strengthening Exercise with Incentive Spirometry on Pain and Core Muscle Stability in Low Back Pain Patients at M.Yunus Hospital Bengkulu
Authors: Sukamto Eca Putri , Ambarsarie Riry , Zainuddin Zayadi , Nasution Ahmad Azmi , Aguspa Diah Ayu
Published: July 2024

This study examined the effect of diaphragm strengthening exercise with incentive spirometry on pain and core muscle stability in patient with LBP (Low Back Pain). Twenty respondents aged 25-60 years participated in this research group. This research using a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Incentive spirometry training was given to one group 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Pain level was measured using the numerical rating scale and core muscle stability was measured using a sphygmomanometer which had been modified to function as a tool to measure core muscle stability. There was a decrease in pain levels and an increase in core muscle stability in research subjects. The results of the wilcoxon test and paired t-test obtained a significance value of less than 0.05. There is an effect of diaphragm muscle strengthening exercises using incentive spirometry on improving pain and core muscle stability in patients with LBP (Low Back Pain).
Influence of job satisfaction on the retention of university employees
Authors: Godínez-Salinas María Fernanda , Martínez-Prats Germán , Vázquez-Vidal Verónica , Martínez-Ortiz Maximiliano
Published: July 2024

Job satisfaction can be understood as the perception that an employee creates based on the conditions of their workplace and the experiences accumulated therein; it has been described as an influential factor in job retention. However, research is insufficient in the case of university students who work and study simultaneously, so the study was aimed at knowing the experiences of a sample of students from the Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco about the conditions they face in the labor market and its relationship with job permanence based on perceived satisfaction. The results point to a notable lack of attention due to the limited information that exists in this regard and indicate the search for additional income and the acquisition of work experience as the main reasons. The results of the analysis show the need for corrective measures for an adequate environment aimed at the professional development of young people, which will contribute to job satisfaction and permanence.
Giardiasis: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis And Treatment
Authors: Naser Ola Abdul Shaheed ,   Department Of Pathological Analyses, College Of Science, University Of Basrah, Iraq, Ismai Mona Adel , Al-Abbas Wijdan Dhaidan Shnain , Al-Fahham Ali A. ,   Technical Institute / Kufa, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq,   Department Of Basic Science, Faculty Of Nursing, University Of Kufa, Iraq,   Corresponding Author, Faculty Of Nursing, University Of Kufa, Iraq
Published: July 2024

Giardiasis has become a worldwide health problem and it is the most frequent cause of diarrhea in both pediatric and adults’ patients. Ingestion of cysts directly or indirectly via the fecal-oral route is the main mode of transmission. The laboratory diagnosis of Giardia spp. primarily relies on identifying microscopic cysts or trophozoites in stool samples. Additionally, various immunological assays and molecular methods are available for diagnosing giardiasis. The infection stimulates the immune system, leading to increased production of immunoglobulins and cytokines. Generally, metronidazole, nitazoxanide and tinidazole are the preferred drugs for treating giardiasis. This review summarizes existing literature on giardiasis, covering diagnosis, pathogenesis, management, and treatment.
RESEARCH ON EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION IN COMPANIES ON THE TERRITORY OF BELGRADE
Authors: Randjelovic Ekatarina
Published: July 2024

A necessary condition for motivating people well is knowing people and the human psyche, and for this very reason, managers must spend much time with employees to discover the best incentive methods for each employee’s work. When it comes to motivation, it is based on the claim that if an employee is motivated to work and satisfied with his work environment, the customer will also be satisfied, and the company will operate successfully. Motivation is a subject area that has intrigued humanity since the earliest beginnings of the human species. Today, fortunately, we live in much better conditions, and at the same time, we face numerous new challenges in motivating our employees in their companies. Motivation is an internal driving force that drives us to achieve our goals and satisfy our needs. In order to operate successfully, all companies must find their optimal combination of material and non-material incentives for employees, which will depend on many factors: the sector in which they work, the competition in the market, the nature of work, and the structure of employees. The goal of every manager in a company should not be to motivate his people to perform averagely but to motivate his employees to perform above average.
THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT MODELS OF LEADERSHIP IN CONTEMPORARY ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Radošević Tanja , Aćimović Luka
Published: July 2024

Leadership is one of the key determinants associated with the success and failure of any organization. The characteristics of modern organizations are reflected in the radical changes that are taking place in society so that management and leaders must respond to them if they want to achieve established goals. For the purposes of the research, a survey questionnaire was conducted at the international level, examining leaders in various positions, of which there were a total of 102, of which there were about 72.55% of respondents are female, while the rest - 27.45% of respondents are men. The research achieved partially expected results, but it also turned out to be surprising results. The idea was to examine the correlation between effective leadership style in the company and the efficiency of employees; the correlation between the process of changing leadership styles in an organization with the increasing motivation of its employees; as well as the correlation between leadership style and the achievements of employees. The results indicate confirmation of the first two but challenge the last hypothesis. The results of the research can be a support for other scientists who want to further analyse leadership, organizations, leadership styles, and other elements in contemporary organizations.
Prediction of berry cracking in Thompson Seedless grape
Authors: Shikhamany S. D.  , Sumit Rameshraddy  , Sudhashu Rai
Published: July 2024

To evolve a prediction model of berry cracking in grapes based on its relationship with environmental factors,the percentage of berry cracking was recorded in 25 vineyards of Thompson Seedless in India. Data on growingdegree days from fruit pruning, average relative humidity, cumulative rainfall, average soil moisture tension,average maximum temperature, and average wind speed, all during the preceding three days of cracking wererecorded from the automatic weather station and the soil moisture sensors installed in the affected 25 as wellas an equal number of unaffected vineyards. Growing degree days, average relative humidity, and cumulativerainfall had a positive relationship with cracking while the soil moisture tension, maximum temperature, andwind speed had the negative. The maximum threshold level for degree days was 1415, while the minimum for soil moisture tension was 31.2 kPa. Relative humidity of 74.1 per cent and cumulative rainfall of 20.5 mm accounted respectively for 41 and 67.5 per cent berry cracking. Maximum temperature of 26.6°C and wind speed of 9.8 km/hr accounted respectively for 41.4 and 45.4 per cent variation in berry cracking. The multiple regression function Y = -104.55 + 0.1723X1 + 0.0826X2 + 4.1161X3 + 0.4813X4 - 4.5706X5 - 8.0401 X 6 was found to determine berry cracking by 92.4 percent. A non-significant difference of 2.2 per cent was observed between the observed and predicted cracking in the validation of the model in the 2024 fruiting season. Observed and predicted per cent berry cracking in individual vineyards are presented graphically.
Response of extended pruning period and intensity on yield and quality attributes of guava
Authors: K.K. Srivastava  , P. Barman  , S.R. Singh  , D. Kumar
Published: July 2024

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of extended period and intensity of pruning on yield and quality attributes of guava cv. Lalit. Results indicated significant tree growth when pruning was done during May last week and the fruits matured 64.05 days in advance, compared to those pruned during July last week, while pruning severity delayed maturity. Fruit yield was significantly ameliorated in trees pruned during May and June last week compared to those pruned during July last week (42.90 and 46.25%, respectively). Total soluble solids were improved with delay in pruning from May to June, however, declined afterwards, whereas it was significantly more in trees pruned to 40 per cent level. There existed positive correlation of yield with canopy spread, trunk cross-sectional area, fruit length, fruit breadth, average individual fruit weight and TSS, while negative correlation with days required for fruit maturity. Therefore, pruning of guava cv. Lalit can be delayed upto last week of June with 40 per cent intensity so that availability spectrum of quality fruits can be extended during winter.
Effect of plant bio-regulators and urea on growth of walnut seedling under Kashmir condition
Authors: Manzoor Sanna , Iqbal Umar , Kumar Amit , Mir M M , Iqbal Rasheeba
Published: July 2024

The experiment was carried out by adopting double split plot design with eighteen treatments replicated thrice. The treatments combinations consisted of foliar sprays of gibberellic acid (GA3) and Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) each at 200 and 400 ppm and urea at 0.3% alone or in combinations. Of the tested treatment combinations, application of 400 GA3 + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea resulted the highest growth of walnut seedlings in respect of seedling height (66.33 cm), number of leaves per seedling (70.67), leaf area (63.27 cm2) and stem diameter (17.18 mm) whereas, the longest tap root ( 52.73 cm) and highest number of secondary roots (33.20) were noticed the plants, sprayed with 200 ppm GA3 + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea. The maximum percentage of graftable size seedlings (100%) attaining diameter of 10 - 15 mm was obtained in the treatment comprising of GA3 @ 0 ppm + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea, however application of 400 ppm GA3 + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea registered 86.7% graftable size seedlings, having a diameter more than 15 mm. Minimum sturdiness quotient of 3.66 was recorded with 400 ppm GA3 + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea. Based on the results, it can be concluded that four foliar applications of 400 ppm GA3 + 200 ppm IBA + 0.3% urea on walnut seedlings at an interval of 21 days, starting from 3-4 leaf stage, significantly increased the overall growth of walnut seedlings and thus, led to the production of more number of graftable size plants with in a year.
Share Sales under the German Controlled Foreign Company Taxation Regime – Areas of Concern and Legislative Solutions
Authors: Moser T. , Hentschel S.
Published: July 2024

In this note, the authors examine the implications of the German Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive Implementation Act and the new German Foreign Tax Act Application Decree for the treatment of strategic share sales under the German controlled foreign company taxation regime. The authors show that the approach taken by German lawmakers is far from perfect, and further amendments to the German controlled foreign company rules may be needed. To this end, possible legislative solutions are presented.
Looking Inside the Black Box: Measuring Implementation and Detecting Group-Level Impact of Cognitively Guided Instruction
Authors: Schoen Robert , Bray Wendy , Riddell Claire , Buntin Charity , Iuhasz-Velez Naomi , Secada Walter , Yujia Li Eva
Published: July 2024

Studies have found that some teacher professional development programs that are based on Cognitively Guided Instruction (CGI) can increase student mathematics achievement. The mechanism through which those effects are realized has been theorized, but more empirical study is needed. In service of this need, we designed a novel measure of instructional practice to assess the extent to which observable features of mathematics instruction are consistent with the principles of CGI. We describe the conceptual foundations and first use of the instrument, which we call M-CLIPS. We found that teachers involved in the first 2 years of a CGI program were using methods consistent with the principles. In contrast, instructional practice in the comparison condition was mostly inconsistent with those principles.
Sustainable Investment Practices: Assessing the Influence of ESG Factors on Financial Performance
Authors: Eliza Eliza
Published: July 2024

This study examines the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors on financial performance, focusing on sustainable investment practices. The primary objective is to qualitatively assess how integrating ESG criteria into investment decisions impacts financial returns and risk profiles of companies and investment portfolios. The research employs a qualitative methodology, utilizing case studies, in-depth interviews with investment professionals, and thematic analysis of investment strategies to gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between ESG factors and financial performance.
The methodology involves analyzing case studies of firms that have adopted ESG principles, conducting interviews with portfolio managers, analysts, and sustainability experts, and reviewing investment performance data over the past decade. The study explores how these firms implement ESG practices and the perceived benefits and challenges of integrating these factors into investment decision-making processes. The thematic analysis identifies recurring patterns and themes related to the impact of ESG integration on financial outcomes.
The findings reveal that companies and investment portfolios that prioritize ESG factors tend to experience more stable and sustainable financial performance. The qualitative data suggest that ESG integration can lead to enhanced risk management, improved long-term returns, and increased investor confidence. Case studies demonstrate that firms with robust ESG practices are better equipped to navigate market volatility and capitalize on emerging opportunities, contributing to financial resilience and sustainability.
Fundamentals Of Financial Management
Authors: Singh Dr. Shanu ,   Assistant Professor Christ University Delhi NCR, Uttar Pradesh, India., Awasthi Dr. Yashmita , Srivastava Dr. Surbhi , Sharma Dr. Bhavna ,   Assistant Professor Christ University Delhi NCR, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Assistant Professor Christ University Delhi NCR, Uttar Pradesh, India.,   Assistant Professor Christ University Delhi NCR, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: July 2024

Throughout this book, the reader will get a deeper comprehension of several financial concepts, including management accounts, performance indicators, budgeting, costing, pricing, decision-making, and investment appraisal. Crowdfunding and how global instability may derail even the most meticulous financial strategies are covered in this book. This version is brought up to date with new information in these chapters. The financial world is a minefield for the careless. Without proper training, few managers are up to the challenge of dealing with management reports, budgets, and capital plans. Because of their apparent ignorance, these managers feel ashamed of themselves.
PROBLEMATIKA PERKULIAHAN ANALISIS REAL: STUDI LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Rambe Ahmadsyah Fauzian , Hasanah Rusi Ulfa , Aisyah Nur , Dari Wulan
Published: July 2024

This article was prepared with the aim of analyzing the problems that occur in real analysis lectures experienced by undergraduate mathematics or mathematics education students. This research is a literature study research with the method used, namely Systematic Review (SR) or generally called Systematic Literature Review (SLR) which focuses on real analytical problems, which begins by identifying and evaluating literature that is relevant to the problem being discussed. Data analysis was carried out using an interactive model which uses 4 steps in the analysis stages, namely: 1) Data collection, 2) Data condensation, 3) Data presentation and 4) Data verification (conclusion). This research identified 5 previous articles. The problems that exist in the real analysis lectures of the five are: students still don't understand the purpose and purpose of the questions, so they can't solve the questions well and the factor that makes them not understand is because they don't understand the pre-requisite material such as sets, number systems and others. Another problem is that they cannot understand and use mathematical language, and they also do not understand mathematical notation. To overcome this problem, the lecturer must know whether the students have understood the pre-requisite material for real analysis or not, because if students do not understand it, in the future it will definitely be difficult for them to understand the material or prove theorems and so on. Apart from that, you can apply lesson study and give students an explanation first regarding the material being studied, then practice.
MODEL ATAU METODE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PERKULIAHAN ANALISIS REAL: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Nasution Afifah Nabila , Hasanah Rusi Ulfa , Ningsih Sri Rahayu , Sastika Weni
Published: July 2024

Real analysis is an important subject in college level mathematics education. The quality of real analysis lectures can influence students' understanding of basic concepts in advanced mathematics. This literature study aims to develop a model that can improve the quality of real analysis lectures through a review of various related literature sources. The method used in this study is a literature review, where various literature sources relevant to the research topic are analyzed thoroughly. The results of the analysis show that efforts that can be made to improve the quality of real analysis lectures include applying the lesson study method, developing relevant and quality textbooks, as well as providing support from family and social circles for students. The conclusion of this study confirms that the application of lesson study in the context of real analysis lectures can provide significant benefits in improving the quality of learning. Apart from that, developing textbooks that suit student needs is also an important step in increasing the effectiveness of lectures. Support from family and social environment also plays a crucial role in creating a conducive learning environment for students.
PENGARUH KONSELING REALITA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITAS DIRI SISWA PADA MTS AL-MUSLIMUN NW KEBON KONGOK
Authors: Hariadi Ripan , Zulaifi Reza
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to see the influence of reality counseling in forming students' self-identity. The research method used in this research is an experimental method using a one group pre-test post-test only research design. The results of data analysis obtained were 7,794 and the t-table value at the 5% significance level with dk=12 was 1,782, this shows that the calculated t is greater than the t table (7,794>1,782), which means Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted which reads : There is an influence of reality counseling on the formation of students' self-identity at MTs Al-Muslimun NW Kebon Kongok
ANALISIS WAKTU DAN BIAYA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TIME COST TRADE OFF PADA PROYEK RUMAH TINGGAL 2 LANTAI
Authors: Nakti I Putu Yogistha , Dharma S. Bagus Widhi , Dewi Baiq Reni Sari
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to analyze time and costs with an initial Time Schedule using the Time Cost Trade Off method in a 2-storey Residential House Development Project. The method used to complete this research is descriptive method by examining case studies. The results showed that the addition of overtime hours had an optimum duration of 146 HK or 3% which resulted in an increase in project costs due to overtime hours of Rp. 2,628,281.25 so that the project cost increases from Rp. 767,230,000.00 to Rp. 769,858,281.25 Meanwhile, the addition of the number of workers with an optimum time of 146 HK resulted in an increase in project costs of IDR 95,000.00 so that the project cost increased from IDR. 767,230,000.00 to Rp. 76.325,000.00 . From the results of this study it can be seen that adding workers is more efficient than adding overtime hours with greater cost advantages.
Análisis financiero y de gestión
Authors: Estupiñan Rodrigo
Published: July 2024

Los estados financieros proporcionan gran parte de la información que necesitan los usuarios para tomar decisiones económicas determinantes acerca de las empresas. Este libro presenta un análisis completo y actualizado de las bases y estructura del proceso de la contabilidad y los estados financieros de una organización, así como la relación de los controles internos, los riesgos, su interpretación y coordinación en aspectos cualitativos dentro del control y análisis de gestión en general. En la primera parte se analiza la interrelación de la empresa, su control y la información financiera contable; la segunda maneja la interpretación, análisis y diagnóstico de los estados financieros básicos; la tercera desarrolla la determinación de los niveles de eficiencia en la gestión empresarial; la cuarta evalúa el control de gestión en general, asegurando que las operaciones y toma de decisiones se hagan dentro del proceso administrativo propuesto; por último, la quinta parte expone el manejo de los flujos de fondo o de efectivo.Dirigido a profesionales de las áreas económicas, administrativas, financieras y contables, así como a estudiantes en formación de las carreras administrativas y económicas, con interés en profundizar sobre estados financieros.
ALMANYA’DA TÜRKLER, DİNİ TANINMA VE ALEVİLERİN BİR DİNİ CEMAAT OLARAK TANINMASI
Authors: Mazlum Mahmut
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, Almanya’da artık uzunca bir süredir yaşayan Türklerin bu ülkedeki din devlet ilişkileri sistemine entegrasyonlarına odaklanmaktadır. Etnik farklılıklara yönelik resmi bir tanınma sistemi olmayan Almanya, tarihsel olarak farklı mezheplerin bir arada yaşadığı bir ülke olması hasebiyle ülkede yaşayan dini farklılıklara sahip toplulukların eşit olarak tanınmasına olanak sağlayan bir sisteme sahiptir. Nitekim bu durum Almanya’da yaşayan Türkler tarafından da fark edilmiş, bu sebeple de kurumsallaşma çabaları ve tanınma talepleri tarihsel olarak genelde dini alanda yoğunlaşmıştır. Ancak Almanya’da yaşayan Türklerin kurduğu dini örgütlenmeler arasında sadece Almanya Alevi Cemaati (AABF) tam anlamıyla başarı göstermiş ve Alevilerin yaşadığı birçok eyalette yerleşik kiliselerle eşit hakları elde edebilmiştir. Ülkede Türklerin kurdukları İslami örgütlenmeler henüz birçok eyalette dini cemaat olarak bile görülmemektedir. Bu meseleyi merkezine alan çalışmamız, bütün bu örgütler arasında sadece AABF’nin tanınmış olması durumunu açıklamak amacıyla yeni bir teorik çerçeve önermektedir. Politik fırsat yapıları, izlek bağlılığı ve ulus ötesi bağlantıları bir araya getiren bu eklektik çerçeve, durumu genellenebilir bir şekilde açıklama iddiasındadır. Buna göre Almanya’daki Türk örgütlenmelerinin kurumsallaşması kalıcılık projeksiyonu, politik fırsat yapıları, ulus ötesi bağlar ve bunların oluşturduğu izlek bağlılığı dinamikleri tarafından şekillendirilmiştir. Türklerin burada kalıcı oldukları netleştikçe örgütlenmeler politik fırsat yapılarından yararlanma çabasına girmişler ancak bu örgütlerin ulus ötesi bağları bu durumu genel olarak geciktirici ya da engelleyici bir mahiyet göstermiştir. Özellikle insan ve finans kaynağı gibi konularda ulus ötesi bağlara mecbur olan bazı örgütlerde, bu bağlar ciddi bir izlek bağlılığı yaratmış ve bu örgütleri politik fırsat yapılarından yararlanarak tanınma ya da ulus ötesi bağlarını devam ettirme kutupları arasında bırakmıştır. Ulus ötesi bağların daha zayıf izlek bağlılıkları yarattığı AABF örneğinde ise, yerelleşme ve sisteme uygun reform kararları çok daha hızlı alınarak, tanınma süreci sorunsuz tamamlanabilmiştir
Database-assisted design :
Authors: Yeo DongHun , Pingree Steve , Sisson Sophie , Heumann Eric , Mashnad Mehedy
Published: July 2024

This NIST Technical Note presents a User’s Manual of the DAD_PBD software for mid- and high-rise steel structures. A Database-Assisted Design (DAD) method for the design of tall buildings that utilizes time-varying aerodynamic pressure data from wind tunnel measurements or numerical simulations and wind climate data of the target site has been developed at NIST and has proven effective in the past. As opposed to the analytical method, the DAD approach allows for time-domain and wind directional analyses that could provide the full phase details with higher mode shapes and for a site-specific Performance-Based Design (PBD). However, the approach lacked practicability to structural engineers due to reliance on in-house analysis software intended for research purposes. DAD_BPD software is developed and presented herein, a powerful and user-friendly tool that enables the DAD method to be more accessible to structural engineers by integrating a widely used commercial structural analysis and design software, ETABS. In the past year, MATLAB-based software was first developed but, as recommended by industry partners, now has migrated to Python-based software to increase accessibility to practicing engineers and to improve computational time. The structural and dynamic analyses are performed by ETABS, and the analysis and design of steel members are carried out in Python. DAD_PBD ultimately provides design response curves as a function of mean recurrence intervals (MRIs) of various design parameters, including Demand-to-Capacity Index (DCI), inter-story drift ratio, floor acceleration, and Deformation Damage Index (DDI). The design is iterated until the design responses satisfy the design specification. The User’s Manual includes an example of the application of the software.
Optimalisasi Rute Distribusi Bayam Hijau Di PT Sayuran Pagi
Authors: Irfansyah Dwi S  , Maura Putri Nur Afifah  , Queen Dzakyla M
Published: July 2024

PT Sayuran Pagi is a company that operates in the agricultural sector and focuses on hydroponic vegetables such as spinach, kale, curly kale and other types of vegetables, and is located in the city of Depok and is a Limited Liability Company (PT). The Morning Vegetable Company has three gardens which are used, one of which is the Cipaku area, Bogor, where all of its production will be sent first to a warehouse in Depok and then distributed to several partners who have collaborated. The increase in consumption of green spinach among the public affects the distribution of this vegetable, which means companies must be able to meet demand with proper distribution. In this research, to determine the shortest route when distributing from the garden to the warehouse using the Dijkstra algorithm. Based on the calculation results, the optimal solution for the shortest route is route A-C-B-F-H-I or from the toll road with a total distance of 10.55km. However, because the focus of this research is on costs, from the results of the research using the Dijkstra algorithm calculation method, it can be concluded that PT. Sayuran Pagi can take the non-toll route because the costs incurred are less than the toll route.
Peningkatan Ketrampilan Wirausaha Muda dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Bisnis Melalui Workshop dan Pendampingan Penyusunan Rencana Bisnis
Authors: Kevin H. Tupamahu  , Aprilia Lerrech
Published: July 2024

This article explains the thematic community service program which is a form of activity that provides learning experiences for each student to be able to adapt to the community environment with all the problems that occur. I am one of the KKN students located in Jattinangor sub-district, Sumedang Regency, West Java. Young entrepreneur skills development program aimed at improving abilities in managing business finances. This program uses an intensive workshop approach and personal assistance in preparing a business plan. This training method is designed to provide an in-depth understanding of business financial management and skills in designing effective business plans. Through a series of training and mentoring sessions, entrepreneurs and prospective entrepreneurs are given the opportunity to understand the basic concepts of business finance, identify business financial needs, and formulate strategies to achieve financial goals. Program evaluations show significant improvements in business financial understanding and skills as well as success in designing realistic and targeted business plans. With workshops and mentoring, it is hoped that you can improve your skills in starting a business or running a business.