bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Overview of the Role of Artificial Intelligence on the Performance of Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria
Authors:   School of Business Education, FCET Gombe, Nigeria, Abdulhamid Fatima , Abubakar Abdul Rahman ,   School of Business Education, FCET Gombe, Nigeria
Published: December 2024

In the past 15 to 20 years, there has been a surge in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Small, Medium-scale Enterprises (SMEs) and large corporations can all benefit from the use of AI in their business development. The major goal of this essay is to examine how AI can be used to advance business operations in SMEs in Nigeria. To this effect, a methodical approach to literature review was used. The key conclusions are that artificial intelligence may be utilised to keep a safe distance from others, do business from a secure location, improve customer delivery, bring in business for organisations, and give a competitive edge to SMEs. It was noted that artificial was already being used by major companies like Google, Facebook, TikTok, Netflix, and Amazon, but now smaller businesses could also make use of this resource to increase their production and operational operations to compete and advance in the current environment. Future research can further test the characteristics at the primary level after the researchers recognised them as being responsible for the adoption of artificial intelligence by the Nigerian SMEs.
Listeria monocytogenes in Livestock and Derived Food-Products: Insights from Antibiotic-Resistant Prevalence and Genomic Analysis
Authors:   Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Team (MicroART), Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Tras- os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Portugal, Silva Adriana
Published: December 2024

Antibiotics play an important role in veterinary medicine and serve as important tools to maintain animal health and ensure food safety. However, heavy use of antibiotics in animal production can lead to increased antimicrobial resistance from livestock to humans. Foodborne pathogens are a major public health and food safety problem. Listeria monocytogenes cause severe diseases and outbreaks associated to the consumption of contaminated food products, in humans. In the treatment of infections, L. monocytogenes are susceptible to several antimicrobial agents, however, several recent studies have already reported cases of strains resistant to several classes of antibiotics, such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, β-lactams, and penicillin among livestock animals, but also the emergence of multi-resistant strains in these environments have also been described in several recent studies. This review focuses on the occurrence and prevalence L. monocytogenes in livestock and derived food-products and strives to provide information on prevalence of L. monocytogenes in livestock animals, and derived food products, and describe the main antimicrobial resistance and genomic analysis in strains associated and isolated from regions worldwide.
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Infectious Bursal Disease: A Review
Authors:   Ambo University, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ethiopia, Beshah Abay , Ahmed Abdi ,   Animal Health Institute (AHI), Microbiology Research Laboratory, Ethiopia, Dandecha Morka ,   Ambo University, Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, Ethiopia
Published: December 2024

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) has been a great challenge to the poultry industry world-wide for a long time and has a major setback to productivity and profitability in the poultry industries of developing nations including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia IBDV was spread to almost all the regions and agro-ecological zones and a recent country wide study reported IBDV seropositivity rates in backyard chickens to be close to 95.7%. The infectious bursal disease is widespread viral diseases that affect chicken kept in commercial and backyard production system. Infectious bursal disease virus is a primary affect bursa fabricius of young chicks at the age of 3 to 6 weeks. The most common mode of infection is through the oral route, but conjunctiva and respiratory routes may also be involved. The infectious bursal disease is host-specific and extremely contagious. Age, breed, degree of passive immunity, the virulence of the strain of the virus, biosecurity, and secondary infections associated with the immunosuppressive effects are the most affecting risk factors of this disease worldwide. Although, many studies have been done as world and in Ethiopia concerning the prevalence and identifying predisposing factors of this disease, further experiment on developing vaccines of specific strains and implementation of prevention and control program are needed to be emphasized.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Children and Adolescents: A 22-Year Single-Center Experience
Authors:   Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, A Adramerina
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) is characterized by premature destruction of erythrocytes, due to auto-antibodies directed against antigens on their surface, with or without complement involvement. The clinical course of AIHA varies from mild to severe or even life-threatening.

Methods: Medical files of 38 pediatric patients diagnosed with AIHA and followed in a single pediatric hematology center during the period 2002-2023 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Median age of diagnosis was 4 years and mean follow up period 5.3 years. Out of 38 patients, 13 (34.2%) presented >1 episodes, with mean number of relapses 3.3. Warm AIHA was diagnosed in 30 (78.9%), PCH in 7 (18.4%) and atypical negative-DAT AIHA in one (2.7%) patient. Secondary AIHA was established in 13 (34.2%) patients and was statistically correlated to relapse occurrence, as well as to the number of relapses. Complete response after first line therapy was reported in 93.1% of patients. In total, 11 (29%) patients received various treatment regimens due to multiple relapsing episodes. All patients were alive, while 36 (94.7%) presented continuous complete response at last follow up.

Conclusion: Even though study results largely agree with previous similar studies, key difference of the present study is the absence of reported mortality. As most immunomodulatory drugs remain off label for use in pediatric AIHA and given the rarity of the disease, national or multi-center registries would offer access to the experience gained in larger centers, and could be used for guideline formation.
Analysis of Storage Lesions in Refrigerated Red Blood Cells in Different Storage Solutions
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA, T Tran Linh Nguyen , González-Fernández Cristina ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA, Weigand Mitchell ,   William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, USA, Chalmers Jeffrey ,   William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, OH, USA, Gomez-Pastora Jenifer ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, TX, USA
Published: December 2024

Background: Red Blood Cells (RBCs) undergo detrimental biochemical and morphological changes during refrigerated storage, termed “storage lesion”. Additive Solutions (ASs) aim to mitigate these effects and preserve RBC integrity and functionality during long storage. This study evaluates the performance of different storage solutions, i.e. AS-3, AS-7, and SAGM solutions and a non-nutrient Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS), in maintaining RBC characteristics over a 42-day storage.

Methods: RBCs from 5 healthy donors were isolated, processed, and suspended in different storage solutions at 4oC for 42 days. Samples were analyzed every 2 weeks for multiple parameters: hemoglobin levels (intracellular hemoglobin), percentage of hemolysis, RBC indices, RBC count, size distribution, average cell size, microvesicle generation, cell morphology, etc. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey’s tests evaluated statistical differences among the effects of the various storage solutions.

Results: Our results suggest that SAGM demonstrated the best performance in maintaining RBC quality in terms of hemolysis, RBC count, and morphology. AS-based solutions showed improved performance compared to PBS in different RBC indices and parameters, especially with regard to microvesiculation, swelling, and substantial intracellular hemoglobin decline. Still, our findings suggest that even the most enhanced formulations need optimization in order to avoid adverse effects in transfused patients.
Analytic First-Order Derivatives of CASPT2 Combined with the Polarizable Continuum Model
Authors: Nishimoto Yoshio
Published: December 2024

The complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) is valuable for accurately predicting electronic structures and transition energies. However, optimizing molecular geometries in the solution phase has proven challenging. In this study, we develop analytic first-order derivatives of CASPT2 using an implicit solvation model, specifically the polarizable continuum model (PCM), within the open-source package OpenMolcas. Analytic gradients and non-adiabatic coupling vectors are computed by solving a modified Z-vector equation. Comparisons with existing theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the solvent effects can be qualitatively captured using the developed method.
Identifying and Quantifying Membrane Interactions of the Protein Human cis-Prenyltransferase
Authors: Boren Duncan , Kredi Shiri , Positselskaya Ekaterina , Giladi Moshe , Haitin Yoni , Vermaas Josh
Published: December 2024

Prenyl chains come in multiple sizes, fulfilling unique and essential functions across all domains of life. Prenyl chains are synthesized by prenyltransferase proteins. Despite their structural similarity, prenyltransferases exhibit substantial functional diversity to create lipophilic products of varying lengths. Human \textit{cis}-prenyltransferase (h-cisPT) is a tetrameric enzyme responsible for the synthesis of long prenyl chains, consisting of ~20-prenyl-unit products that are essential to specific posttranslational modifications such as N-glycosylation upon downstream processing. These long products are hypothesized to transfer from h-cisPT to the ER membrane, but the mechanism of this transfer is not known. We use molecular dynamics simulations to identify a consistent membrane binding pose for h-cisPT. By quantifying protein-membrane contacts, we identify the aromatic amino acid residues in the conserved catalytic domain as critical to membrane binding. Determining relative protein-membrane binding free energies through free energy perturbation highlights the importance of these residues for membrane association, as mutations lower membrane affinity by as much as 27 kcal/mol. These results are validated using FRET to demonstrate decreased catalytic activity and membrane binding in response to mutation. Together, our results suggest a possible mechanism for prenyl substrate transfer, where key aromatic residues facilitate h-cisPT binding to the ER membrane in an orientation which holds the substrate-containing active site near to the membrane surface. Molecular dynamics simulations of the mutant exhibiting lower FRET show greater orientational variability relative to wild type. This evidence for a specific orientation of h-cisPT provides a structural basis for isoprenoid association to the membrane during synthesis and prior to its release.
Productive Capacities and the SDGs: Critical but Nuanced Relationships
Authors: Tennant David , Davies Stuart , Tennant Sandria N. , Whitely Patrice
Published: December 2024

It is widely accepted that productive capacities are an enabler for the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), but there is a dearth of literature empirically testing this view. This paper examines the relationships between productive capacities and the SDGs and reveals nuances that need to be accounted for in integrated development approaches. Using panel data time series models, with Driscoll-Kraay adjusted standard errors, we examine how enhancing the eight elements of the Productive CapacityIndex (PCI) impacts the SDGs. We find that each of the SDGs has statistically significant relationships with multiple elements of the PCI, and the results highlight areas in which productive capacity enhancements accelerate progress on one or more SDGs but can also be inimical to others, particularly to goals related to the environment and income inequality. Our approach provides development practitioners with a new framework to better target SDG interventions.
Risk Management Practices in Islamic Banking Institutions: A Perspective from Developing Economies with a Focus on Pakistan
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Jabeen Shaista , Sattar Ammara , Ahmad Zaka Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to evaluate the risk management practices in the Islamic Banking Institutions (IBIs) of Pakistan. This objective is achieved by determining the potency of risk conception within the staff members of Pakistani IBIs; evaluating the usefulness of the techniques connecting with risk understanding (RU), risk identification (RI), risk assessment & analysis (RAA), risk monitoring & controlling (RMC); and exploring other fundamental features of risk management practices (RMP) in the IBIs of Pakistan. Research Design: This research has used a survey methodology by using a questionnaire (self-administrated) for data collection. Findings: The study's findings indicate that IBIs are efficient in managing various risks where managing equity investment risk, managing liquidity risk, and risk assessment & analysis are essential variables in the RMP. Originality/Significance: In this study, the researchers intend to get a broader view of RMP in IBIs of Pakistan. The researchers intend to add in the available theoretical literature by employing the "Institutional Theory" in the field of Islamic Banking and Finance. Research Implications: Moreover, risk management departments of IBIs are required to give more attention to the management of operational and market risk. IBIs are also needed to sharpen the expertise of their team in the risk management department for better management of operational risk (OR), liquidity risk (LR), equity investment risk (EIR), rate of return risk (ROR), market risk (MR), and credit risk (CR).
Parental Social Support on Students’ Adjustment
Authors: Rahman Maulana Fathur , Agustina Menik Tetha
Published: December 2024

Self-adjustment is an important aspect for new students in dealing with changes in the lecture environment. This study aims to examine the relationship between parental social support and students' self-adjustment ability. Specifically, this study plans to investigate the extent to which parental social support affects the self-adjustment ability of new students of the Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Nasional Karangturi Semarang. This study employed a quantitative survey approach involving 75 students as respondents. The research instruments consisted of a parental social support scale and a self-adjustment scale, which each had a reliability coefficient of α =0.774 and α =0.902. The data were analysed using the Pearson correlation test with the assistance of the SPSS software version 26. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between parental social support and self-adjustment of new students (r=0.261, p=0.023). These results indicate that the higher the parental social support received by students, the better their ability to adjust in the academic environment. This finding confirms the important role of parental support in helping new students adapt during the transition to university life.
Keywords: Parental Social Support; Self-Adjustment; Students
Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Loneliness, and Social Media Addiction in Early Adults
Authors: Luth Fatimah Inanda Putri , Maryam Effy Wardati
Published: December 2024

Early adulthood is a critical period in the development of collaborative communication skills, and management of various aspects of life, where excessive use of social media can lead to addiction with negative impacts on physical health, psychological, and interpersonal relationships. This study aims to understand the relationship between Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and loneliness with the level of social media addiction in the early adult population. The type of research used is quantitative correlational. The population of this study is Sidoarjo district residents aged 20-40 years, totaling of samples was 348. The research sample collection technique used Convenience Sampling. The research data analysis technique was analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques. The results showed a p value of 0.001 <0.05, indicating a relationship between FOMO and loneliness with social media addiction in early adulthood. The implication of these findings is the need for intervention strategies to reduce FOMO and well-being to prevent the negative impact of social media addiction on the physical, psychological health and interpersonal relationships of early adults.
Keywords: FOMO; Loneliness; Media Social Addiction
The Design and Application of Specialized Creative Integration Curriculum for Promoting the Development of Creative Thinking of Teacher Trainees under the Concept of Open Education
Authors: Mao Yunqing
Published: December 2024

Based on the concept of open education, this study designs a specialized and creative integration course to enhance the development of teacher trainees’ creative thinking, and presents a curriculum model based on the theory of expansive learning, non-disposable assignments, and the framework of “pre-course knowledge comprehension and assimilation, in-course thematic cooperation and discussion, and post-course thinking training.” Through the implementation of the specialized and creative integration course practice with the example of “building an online training platform for teacher qualification,” it has been verified that the course design is effective in stimulating the creative thinking of teacher trainees. In addition, the study also analyzes the developmental trajectories of teacher trainees with different levels of creativity and systematically reveals the intrinsic mechanism of the course in enhancing the creativity of teacher trainees and optimizing their thinking paths.
Exploration and Practice of the “3+4” Vocational-Undergraduate Integrated Talent Cultivation
Authors: Chen Fangni
Published: December 2024

With the transformation of China’s economy and the rapid growth of the digital economy, the demand for highly skilled talents continues to rise. This demand has prompted the education system to undergo reforms to cultivate talents capable of adapting to the new economic landscape. The “3+4” vocational-undergraduate integrated talent cultivation pilot project is part of China’s deepening educational reforms, aimed at achieving integrated development in vocational education and addressing the talent gap in the transformation and upgrading of industries. This paper addresses challenges that have emerged in the implementation of the “3+4” integrated program, such as insufficient integration motivation, lack of integrated curriculum design, and ineffective support mechanisms. It proposes a series of talent cultivation measures, including clarifying training objectives, constructing an integrated talent development plan, and enhancing digital teaching methods. Through the implementation of these curriculum reforms, the project has enhanced students’ capabilities in both academic and practical outcomes.
The Impact of Continuity of Care on Negative Emotions and Self-Efficacy in Patients Undergoing Digestive Endoscopic Tumor Resection
Authors: Li Panpan , He Guoqin , Gong Lin , Xie Yujie , Wan Ying , Hu Jing
Published: December 2024

Objective: To explore the impact of a continuity of care model on negative emotions and self-efficacy in patients undergoing digestive endoscopic tumor resection. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 patients who underwent digestive endoscopic tumor resection in the Gastroenterology Department of Baoying County People’s Hospital between October 2022 and October 2024. Patients were randomly divided into a control group (n = 40) and an observation group (n = 40) using a random number table. The control group received routine nursing care, while the observation group was additionally provided with continuity of care interventions. After two months of intervention, the negative emotions and self-efficacy of the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in baseline data between the two groups (P > 0.05). After two months of intervention, the observation group demonstrated significantly lower HAMD and HAMA scores compared to the control group (both P = 0.000), and significantly higher GSES scores (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Applying a continuity of care model to patients undergoing digestive endoscopic tumor resection can alleviate negative emotions, enhance self-efficacy, and improve self-care abilities.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Among Nurses Regarding Nutrition Management of Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Sutrisno Imam Tri , Rosyda Rafika , Wirawan Nandar , Arsa Sandi Alfa Wiga
Published: December 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that contributes significantly to the global health burden, with a rising prevalence globally. Understanding nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is crucial because knowledge provides essential insights into how diet affects blood glucose levels, a positive attitude encourages support for patient adherence, and efficient practices ensure the consistent application of dietary management strategies. This study aimed to assess the KAP among nurses about the nutritional management of Diabetes. This descriptive study involved 100 nurses working in medical and surgical wards of a hospital, with 99 respondents included in the analysis following the dropping out of one respondent. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire designed to evaluate the KAP of nurses concerning diabetes nutritional management. The study found disparities in the levels of knowledge among nurses: 14.1% demonstrated high knowledge, 49.5% demonstrated intermediate knowledge, and 36.4% demonstrated poor knowledge. Despite these variations, none demonstrated a bad attitude, a lousy 11.1% demonstrated an intermediate attitude, and the majority of nurses (88.9%) exhibited high attitudes towards Diabetes nutritional management. Additionally, 0% engaged in harmful practices, 4% demonstrated intermediate practices, and nearly all respondents (96%) reported engaging in good practices. These results underscore the need for targeted educational interventions to bridge knowledge gaps. Enhancing nurses' knowledge in Diabetes nutritional management is essential to improve the quality of care and health outcomes for patients with Diabetes.
STUDY STUDY OF SCIENCE LITERACY ABILITY OF CHEMISTRY PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN HYDROPONICS PRACTICUM
Authors: Bahriah Evi Sapinatul , Siti Suryaningsih  , Ivan Muhammad Maful
Published: December 2024

The ability of scientific literacy of indonesian student categorized as low. One of the factor that contribute is that the ability of a scientific literacy of a teacher. The hydroponics practical in a biotechnology’s subject, can be measure the ability of scientific literacy of a student because there is a science process in it. The aim of this reasearch is to determine the ability of scientific literacy of  chemisty pre-service Teachers for the knowledge and competency’s aspects in a hydroponics topic. The method that used in this reasearch was quantitative descriptive analysis and the technique of data collection by spreading the instrument in a purposive sampling technique to 50 chemisty pre-service teachers. The instrment that used was 10 items of essay questions. The data was analyse with a scoring method and then will change it into a percentage. Based on the reasearch, the ability of scientific literacy of a student for knowledge’s aspect is 68.5% and for the competency is 62.2%. From that data, it can conclude that the ability of scientific literacy of chemistry chemisty pre-service teachers for knowledge and comptency aspects categorized good.
TEXTBOOK DEVELOPMENT ON ADDITIVE AND ADDICTIVE MATERIALS USING INQUIRY BASED LEARNING STEM APPROACH IN INCREASING STUDENT SCIENCE LITERACY
Authors: Isna Isnanik , Rif’atul Himmah
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research was to develop textbook as teaching materials on additive and addictive materials using inquiry based learning model and STEM approach in increasing students’ scientific literacy. The method of this research was development research with ADDIE model. The qualitative data came from suggestions, while the quantitave data came from likert and guttman questionnaire and also the result of SPSS data processing. The result of this research, inquiry based learning with STEM approach made students to identify scientific issues, explain scientific phenomena, and use scientific evidence in everyday life. From validation result showed a very valid category, and pretest-posttest result showed an n-gain percentage of 80.17% (very effective). It can be conclude that the implementation of textbook with the inquiry based learning model and STEM approach was effectively used in learning to increase students’ scientific literacy.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF METACOGNTIVE KNOWLEDGE WITH METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS IN STUDENTS
Authors: Parestu Bina Putri , Milama Burhanudin , Fairusi Dila
Published: December 2024

The 2013 curriculum requires students to demonstrate metacognitive proficiency. The alignment of knowledge and metacognitive awareness can assist students in achieving the learning  objectives in the national curriculum. This study aimed to ascertain whether there was a correlation between metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive awareness among students. This study employed a correlational design research methodology. The instruments used to gather data including a set of 5 questions involved in testing students’ metacognitive knowledge. Meanwhile, The Metacognition Awareness Inventory (MAI) which comprised of 52 items was employed to assess metacognitive awareness.  The correlation between metacognitive knowledge and awareness can be measured using the Product Moment correlation coefficient. The findings of this study indicated that there was a positive  correlation between metacognitive knowledge and awareness yet it was relatively low (0.110).
DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT INSTRUMENTS ON BUFFER SOLUTION MATERIAL BASED ON HOTS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS)
Authors: Solikhin Febrian , Nurmiana Suswanti  , Sura Menda Ginting
Published: December 2024

The goal of this study is to construct a valid and reliable HOTS-based cognitive assessment tool. The HOTS-based assessment instrument was used to measure students' higher order thinking skills on the buffer solution material. The stages of this research were the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation phases of the ADDIE model. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA 4 at Senior High School 5 Bengkulu City during the 2021–2022 academic year. The research data came from expert validation sheets, needs analysis questionnaires, empirical test analysis, and examination of students' HOTS skills. The 20 multiple-choice questions and 10 essay questions made up the instrumen's features. The following are the outcomes: (1) The expert's assessment of the practicality of the material led to the creation of 26 valid questions, including 18 multiple-choice questions and 8 essays. (2) The empirical validity study produced 23 valid items, including 6 essay questions and 17 multiple-choice questions. (3) The reliability analysis results for both essays and multiple choice questions fell into the very good category, with scores of 0.94 and 0.98. (4) The findings of the examination of students' higher-order thinking skills revealed that 1 student was in the very good category, 5 students were in the good category, 5 students were in the fairly good category, 22 students were in the poor category, and 1 student was in the very poor category.
Türkiye’de dijital hastanelerin geleceği: GZTF analizi
Authors: Özdemir Burcu , Uysal Şahin Özge
Published: December 2024

Sağlık hizmetlerindeki dijital dönüşüm, dünya genelinde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de hızla ilerlemektedir. Dijital teknolojilerin sağlık hizmetlerine entegrasyonu, hastaların daha iyi tedavi almasına, sağlık hizmetlerinin daha etkin ve verimli sunulmasına olanak tanımaktadır. Dijital hastane, sağlık hizmetlerinin tüm süreçlerinin (tanı, tedavi, takip vb.) dijital teknolojilerle desteklendiği, verilerin güvenli bir şekilde saklandığı ve paylaşıldığı, hasta merkezli hizmet sunan bir kurumdur. Dijital hastane kavramı dünyada ve Türkiye’de son yıllarda birçok hastanenin dijitalleşmesiyle daha sık dile getirilmeye başlamıştır. Türkiye’de özellikle kamuda yapılan yatırımlar ve teşviklerle birlikte dijital sağlık alanında önemli gelişmeler yaşanmaktadır. E-devlet üzerinden sağlık hizmetlerine erişim, hasta kayıt sistemlerinin dijitalleştirilmesi, tele-medikal uygulamaların yaygınlaşması gibi adımlar bu gelişmelerin bazı örnekleridir. Dijital hastanelerin geleceği Türkiye’de oldukça parlak görünmektedir. Dijitalleşme ile birlikte daha etkili ve verimli sağlık hizmetleri sunulmasının yanı sıra sağlık hizmetlerinde kaliteyi de önemli ölçüde etkileyeceği öngörülmektedir. Bu çalışmada da dijital hastane kavramı dünya örnekleri bağlamında incelenerek Türkiye’deki durumu, önündeki fırsat ve tehditler ile güçlü ve zayıf tarafları analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, devlet destekleri, teknolojik gelişmeler ve hasta beklentilerinin, dijital hastane dönüşümünü hızlandıracağı ancak; altyapı eksiklikleri, maliyetler, veri güvenliği ve yasal düzenlemeler gibi zorlukların da aşılması gerektiği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Dijital hastanelerin başarılı bir şekilde uygulanmasının, Türkiye’de sağlık hizmetlerini daha erişilebilir bir hale getireceği, maliyetleri düşüreceği ve hasta memnuniyetini sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
The Effect of Circular Shareholding Restrictions on Firm Innovation: Evidence from Korean Business Groups
Authors: Han Syungjin
Published: December 2024

This study examines the effect of disproportional ownership structures on firm innovation. To establish a causal relationship, this study employs a difference-in-differences (DID) approach that utilizes Korea’s introduction of circular shareholding restrictions in 2014. The results show that circular shareholding restrictions negatively affect the level of firm innovation, as measured by the firm’s number of patents. This impact is more salient in R&D-intensive firms and industries with higher volatility. These findings suggest that disproportionate ownership promotes firm innovation by shielding managers from short-term equity market pressure.
Memoirs of a researcher as a literary fact (based on V. Ivanov’s memoirs about the East)
Authors: Bekmetov R. F.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the memoirs of Vladimir Alekseevich Ivanov (1886–1970), a prominent Russian orientalist, the founder of Ismaili studies, a branch of Islamic studies that explores Ismailism as a religious and ideological movement within the Shiite branch of Islam. Written in the mid-1960s, these memoirs cover the period from 1918 to 1968 and convey the researcher’s impressions of the Eastern countries he visited (Central Asia, Iran, Iraq, India, Egypt, Syria and Palestine). The handwritten notes of the scientist are kept in the archival collection of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, St. Petersburg). In 2015, they were published as a separate book with a preface and comments by B. Norik, a Russian Iranian scholar, translator, textual critic, employee of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). The memoirs of V. Ivanov have so far been studied as a fact of his scientific life and fate, as a certain addition to the researcher’s work, a kind of appendix to them, explaining what usually lies beyond strict studies, in the field of subjective experience and impressions. Meanwhile, it seems that they represent a completely independent literary work, so that the circle of their readers cannot be limited only to narrow specialists. The literary part of the memoirs is determined by a whole set of features: its language (style register), the image of the author and his subjective position, genre features of the work combining elements of diary prose and detective story, as well as a conditionally “hagiographic” canon (ancient Russian literature) with the traditions of ethnographic descriptions of everyday life, which dates back to “Walking across Three Seas” by Afanasy Nikitin. The memoirist, as a rule, records the past selectively (this is due not only to the conscious desire of the author to highlight some events, obscuring others, but also to the specifics of human memory as such). V. Ivanov was no exception, for him of primary nature was the opinion taken from the point of view of the interests of science.
Formation of national cultural myths about Europe in “Letters of a Russian Traveler” by N. Karamzin
Authors: Prikazchikova E. E.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the formation mechanism of national cultural myths about Europe in “Letters of a Russian Traveler” by N. Karamzin. Using the example of four countries, visited by the Russian traveler (Germany, Switzerland, France and England), we explore the main models for creation of national cultural myths. The example of Germany shows the importance of the traveler’s empirical experience in the absence of literary cultural mythology concerning this country. The experience of Switzerland allows the traveler to project his own personal experience on the myth already established in literature, describing Switzerland as the Arcadia of modern times, the country where the “golden age” reigns. The national cultural mythology of France allows the traveler to compare the 18th-century myth of Francocentric Europe, when France performed the role of cultural hegemon, with the historical realities of the French Revolution, which gradually turn France into an outsider country in the eyes of other European monarchies. N. Karamzin’s world image of England is the most complex version of the national cultural myth. On the one hand, the Russian traveler compares the realities of genuine English life with the image of foggy Albion and its inhabitants, which he formed under the influence of reading English novels in the context of the Enlightenment bibliophilic cultural myth. On the other hand, his analysis of the main national features of the English people allows the traveler to think about identifying himself as a Russian person, to compare the English world image with the Russian one, stating the existence of a number of differences between them.
Method of “detachment” in Leo Tolstoy’s trilogy “Detstvo”, “Otrochestvo”, “Yunost”
Authors: Sayapova A. M.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the method of “detachment” in Leo Tolstoy’s trilogy “Childhood”, “Boyhood” and “Youth” (“Detstvo”, “Otrochestvo” and “Yunost’”) as one of the theoretical concepts characteristic of Tolstoy’s entire creative work. This method first appeared in the works of Russian formalists R. Yakobson and V. Shklovsky who made their contributions to the literary theory. Their imagery system perception of a literary work is based on the conviction that in fiction language is removed from the ordinary automatic perception. As the formalists believe, the goal of art is to give a sense of a thing as vision, not as recognition. The creation of art should bring forth the truth about existence. This “emergence of truth” (a term coined by M. Heidegger) is conceivable only on the basis of creation, i.e., on the basis of the “making” of a literary work. Tolstoy’s “strange” perception of the material world and ordinary phenomena speaks not of recognition, but of sensitivity, when one sees a particular object or a phenomenon for the first time. The method of “detachment”, to which Tolstoy came through his own artistic sense, allows one to grasp the actual deep essence of ordinary objects and phenomena within the author’s conception of his work. Thus, an ordinary object (a flapper), seen by the author with a “strange” perception of things, provides the impetus for the formation of an artistic creation about the world of childhood, boy-hood and youth.
The role of translation in the study of Confucianism: Works of scholars from the institute of China and modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors: Chang W. , Bochina T. G.
Published: December 2024

The article presents an overview of works on Confucianism prepared by researchers from the Institute of China and Modern Asia (Institute of Far East) in the post-Soviet period. Particular attention is paid to the history of scholars’ translation activities, which in this period became increasingly intensive. The article focuses on the translations of the classical canons 四 书 “The Four Books” and 五 经 “The Pentateuch”, which had a great influence on the spiritual culture of China. Translations of Confucian works are compared in the framework of “scientific - poetic, special - popular, full – partial”. The aim of the study is to determine the role of translation in the study and popularization of Confucian philosophy. The paper demonstrates that the translations by scholars from the Institute of China and Modern Asia are based on a deep theoretical analysis of Confucian philosophy, the study of original sources in Chinese, taking into account the scientific results of Chinese textual scholars and clarifying previous Russian-language translation versions. Thus, many years of research on Confucianism have prepared the ground for the rapid development of translation in this sphere. At the same time, the appearance of new translated versions and translations of Chinese monuments, previously unknown to Russian readers, on the one hand, contribute to the deepening and intensification of scientific research on Confucianism; on the other hand, they popularize an important component of Chinese spiritual culture due to the accessibility of the presentation of postulates and a wide-range-of-readers orientation of new translations. The article concludes that the bidirectionality (scholarly research - translation, translation - scholarly research) and mutual enrichment of scholarly and translation activities have contributed to the emergence of a large number of good books that synergistically combine scholarly accuracy and objectivity with a popular style of presentation that is close to modern readers.
Representation of Cossacks and Cossack culture in the paremiological fund of the Russian language
Authors: Dubrovskaia E. M.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the image of the Cossack and Cossack culture in general, based on Russian proverbs and sayings. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the significance of socio-cultural studies devoted to closely related peoples and conducted through the prism of the Russian language paremiological fund. The article identifies and describes the main characteristic traits of the Cossacks’ everyday life, reflected in Russian proverbs, which indicates the significance of these characteristics. The research sample includes over 150 paremi, presenting proverbs with the ethnolinguistic marker ‘Cossack’, lexical units directly related to Cossack formations (‘ataman’) and four proverbs of Cossack origin. The article reveals the following perceptions of the Cossacks, inherent in the carriers of Russian culture: for the Cossack society the role of the ataman is paramount, Cossacks strive to promote themselves and become worthy continuators of their traditions; the territories, occupied by the Cossacks, include the banks of the Don River and neighbouring regions; Cossacks are characterized by vitality and firmness of spirit, but they are prone to fatalism; Cossack temperament is characterized by severity, intransigence and even stubbornness; Cossacks are unsurpassed in military affairs, as they are considered to be brave and hardy warriors, the fact noted even by Russian commanders; the serious attitude of Cossacks to military affairs determines the high importance of ‘horse’ in the Cossack picture of the world - the animal is not just a means of transport for a Cossack, but a reliable comrade in arms. The results presented in the article allow us to model the image of a Cossack representative in the way the bearer of Russian linguoculture saw it.
Discursive space of Jorge Amado’s novels “The Disappearance of the Saint” and “Gabriela, Carne and Cinnamon”
Authors: Lazareva O. V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the discursive space of the novels “The War of the Saints” and “Gabriela, Clove and Cinnamon” by Jorge Amado. We consider speech activity to be a discourse as both the text generation process and the result of this speech activity are the text itself. The ambivalent understanding of discourse in modern linguistics reflects the complexity of studying this phenomenon, since there are a number of scientific trends interpreting its essence in different ways. The article studies the discursive space of literary texts as a complex system of discourse pieces, which is determined by the discursive personality of the author. The discursive personality of the author of these novels expresses his own system of attitudes through the creation of fictional texts, while simultaneously representing the system of axiological values of the multinational population of Brazil. The discursive personality determines the representation of the diversity of worldview contradictions and creates a fictional text, counting on creative cooperation with the reader. The discursive space of J. Amado’s novels is structured by a special chronotope, directly related to the literary trend of magical realism, within which descriptions of real social contradictions, life situations and unreal mystical events are bizarrely combined. The extralinguistic factors are of particular importance, being associated with the description of the Candomble religious cult, which is a symbol of ethnic identity.
An Impossible Turn? The Dialogical/Participatory Potential of Science Communication Provided by Science Centers in Light of Niklas Luhmann's Systems Theory
Authors:   Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland, Tamborska Katarzyna , Pietrowicz Krzysztof ,   Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
Published: December 2024

One important dimension of the debate surrounding science communication is the tension between the implementation of the deficit model and the repeated calls for the adoption of dialogical and participatory models. This article aims to show this friction empirically and interpret it theoretically. The text uses the operation of science centers as a form of science communication. Niklas Luhmann's systems theory serves as a tool to capture the broad structural difficulty in implementing participatory demands in science communication. This paper is based on research conducted in Polish science centers. It demonstrates that even in the organizationally favourable and relatively inclusive conditions offered by these centers, the environment as a whole cannot regulate the activities of the science system. It lacks knowledge of the essential social determinants of research activity and the areas of unfinished science. Conversely, the detailed findings of science are challenging to integrate such that they become comprehensively readable by the community without becoming a scientific black box. Luhmann's theory elucidates this fundamental difficulty in building the science-society relationship. From this perspective, a consistent and broad turn towards the dialogical and participatory model appears impossible.
The Ecosystem of Higher Teacher Education in Ukraine in the Context of Global Change: Models and strategies
Authors: Leontieva I.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the current state and challenges faced by higher teacher education in the world and
in Ukraine in the context of global changes accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis shows that
the crisis has exacerbated the problems of inequality in education, educational gaps and loss of skills, especially
among vulnerable groups, and has also affected the mental health of students and teachers. The author
argues that a return to the usual educational models without taking into account the transformational
opportunities gained during the crisis would be futile, as current realities require a revision of approaches
to education. The article is based on the global experience of transforming educational systems, focusing
on the development of an ecosystem approach that takes into account the integrity and flexibility
of educational models, their adaptation to social and economic needs, and the integration of technology.
The article provides an overview of key concepts and strategies for the formation of educational ecosystems
based on the principles of inclusiveness, personalization and collaboration, such as hybrid learning models, life
skills development, inclusion and networked communities of practice. Particular attention is paid to the role
of technology, partnerships, and civil society in creating effective learning environments. The author analyzes
the strategy for the development of higher education in Ukraine and identifies key areas for the transformation
of higher pedagogical education. The author emphasizes the need to integrate Ukrainian higher education into
the world space, develop partnerships, introduce innovative technologies and form the competencies necessary
for life in the modern world. A number of recommendations are proposed for the development of educational
ecosystems in Ukraine, in particular, the implementation of systemic transformation, which requires not only
changes at the institutional level, but also a revision of values, goals and priorities in educational activities to achieve sustainable development of higher pedagogical education
Visual Instruction Tuning for Drone Accident Forensics
Authors: Editya Arda Surya , Ahmad Tohari , Studiawan Hudan
Published: December 2024

The increasing use of drones in both commercial and personal use has led to a growing demand for effective forensic analysis following drone-related accidents. This research focuses on improving forensic analysis through the development of LLaVAFor, a fine-tuned version of the Large Language and Vision Assistant (LLaVA) model. The objective of this study is to enhance the interpretability of visual instruction tuning for drone accident forensics. LLaVAFor was developed by fine-tuning LLaVA via a specialized dataset of drone accident scenarios. The model's performance was evaluated via the BLEU score, a metric commonly used to assess machine translation and natural language processing models. The results demonstrated that LLaVAFor achieved superior BLEU scores compared with baseline models such as LLaVA, Google Gemini, and ChatGPT. It demonstrates its ability to provide more accurate and contextually relevant analyses. The key innovation in LLaVAFor is its ability to explain forensic findings in the context of drone accidents, making it a valuable tool for investigators. The results show that the model's fine-tuning process on drone-specific datasets enables it to offer detailed, domain-specific insights, improving the accuracy and reliability of forensic analyses in this field. Through these advancements, LLaVAFor represents a step forward in the integration of AI into drone accident investigations. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-04-01 Full Text: PDF