bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocycloadditions for the Design of Reversible Photopolymerizations
Authors: Calvino Celine
Published: October 2022

The quest for circular designs and ways to reuse polymer materials demands further advances in the development of reversible chemistries. Stimuli-responsive systems incorporated into polymer materials that enable the formation and cleavage of covalent bonds, hold great potential to reversibly decompose materials into their original building blocks. [2π+2π] photocycloadditions, for which the addition and reversion mechanism can be triggered by disparate wavelengths, stand as an attractive platform for triggering such controlled and reversible photoligation towards achieving renewable polymer materials. This perspective highlights the potential of this type of photochemistry to incorporate solid polymer materials and generate reversible polymerizations. The design of effective photoresponsive materials with specific functions requires the consideration of a number of parameters. Following a bottom-up approach – from molecular chemistry to macromolecular functionality – this perspective provides a recipe of the key aspects to consider in the design of such advanced renewable materials. Furthermore, examples of the state of the art in the field are highlighted and an overview of the fundamental challenges that remain is provided. Finally, an outlook on the next frontiers to cross is proposed.
Manufacturing Large-scale Materials with Structural Color
Authors: Schertel Lukas , Magkiriadou Sofia , Yazhgur Pavel , Demirörs Ahmet
Published: October 2022

Living organisms frequently use structural color for coloration as an alternative mechanism to chemical pigmentation. Recently there has been a growing interest to translate structural color into synthetic materials as a more durable and less hazardous alternative to conventional pigments. Efforts to fabricate structurally colored materials take place in different fronts, from 3D printing to spray-coating and roll-to-roll casting. Stability, performance, and quality of the color, the environmental impact of the materials or their manufacturing methods are some of the heavily researched topics we discuss. First, we highlight recent examples of large-scale manufacturing technologies to fabricate structurally colored objects. Second, we discuss the current challenges to be tackled to create perfect appearances which aim at the full color gamut while caring for environmental concerns. Finally, we discuss possible scenarios that could be followed in order to involve other manufacturing methods for creating structurally colored objects.
Novel Insights on the Three-dimensional Shape of Microgels at Fluid Interfaces
Authors: Vialetto Jacopo
Published: October 2022

Mechanically soft colloids (microgels) adsorbed at the interface between two fluids offer superior advantages over hard counterparts for a variety of applications ranging from foams/emulsion stabilization to the assembly of two-dimensional (2D) materials. Particle deformability and compressibility impart additional responses to microgel-laden interfaces that can be controlled on-demand by varying single-particle properties (e.g. crosslinking content and polymer density profile) and/or external parameters (e.g. interfacial compression and tension, temperature, oil polarity). In order to understand how single-particle softness influences the resulting material properties, a detailed quantification of the microgel’s 3D conformation when confined at the fluid interface is of utmost importance. This article describes how different methodologies can be used to visualize, and in some case quantify, the conformation of adsorbed microgels, putting particular emphasis on the multiple advantages offered by in situ atomic force microscopy imaging at the fluid interface. The influence of the internal particle architecture, as well as that of temperature, interfacial tension and solubility in the organic phase, will be discussed. Finally, some perspectives on how softness can be exploited to tune the structural and mechanical properties of microgel monolayers will be provided.
Monitoring of On-Site generated Hypochlorite for Water Disinfection
Authors: Dénis Jean-Martin , Donzé Gérard , Willen Stefan , Darioly Madeleine , Andlauer Wilfried , Piantini Umberto
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to better evaluate the impact of on-site electro-generated hypochlorite for water disinfection. For this venture, the daily variability of hypochlorite-generating systems and their performance to produce low disinfection by-products during the formation of hypochlorite were observed. Seven on-site electro-generated hypochlorite installations, were selected at different swimming pool facilities in Switzerland. Active chlorine (AC), the two disinfection by-products chlorate (ClO3-) and perchlorate (ClO4-), and the pH were monitored over several hours. All monitored installations produced significant concentrations of chlorate, related to the measured active chlorine concentration. The median chlorate concentrations ranged between 1.4 to 76.9 µg ClO3-/mg AC during daily monitoring. Perchlorates have been detected only in the installations of one brand that generated concentrations up to 34.9 µg ClO4-/mg AC. For all installations, pH was lower than expected with a median pH of 9.6. Some samples presented even surprisingly acidic pH leading to possible sample degradation. This study clearly shows the weakness of a one-shot sampling to evaluate the quality of on-site electro-generated hypochlorite systems, due to high daily process variations. Additionally, the evaluation of the influence of three process parameters has pointed out that including chlorate aspects during the optimisation stage of on-site generated hypochlorite may significantly reduce chlorate contamination during water disinfection.
The promising approach to the fairy-tale epos in its comparative studying (using the example of national fairy tales the Turkmens and the Indians of America)
Authors: Соегов М.
Published: October 2022

Исходя из существующей гипотезы о возможном древнем родстве некоторых языков американских индейцев с тюркскими языками, в статье предпринята попытка установить сходные сюжетные линии в народных сказках носителей этих языков, в частности, туркмен и отдельных индейских племен. С этой целью подвергаются сравнительному анализу некоторые сказки, вошедшие в сборники «Сын Утренней Звезды» (сказки индейцев) и «Проданный сон» (туркменские сказки).На основе выявления и последующего описания идентичных линий в сказках «Волчий Зуб и красавица Нитаки» и «Караджа-батыр», а также в «Нэпи и Нип» индейцев дакотов и в «Трех товарищах» из сборника «Туркменские народные сказки», автор статьи приходит к следующему выводу: главный и бывший когда-то общим для индейских и туркменских сказок сюжет, передававшийся из поколения в поколение, каждый сказитель-индеец и каждый сказитель-туркмен изложил, исходя из эстетических потребностей своих слушателей, при этом прибавив или убавив второстепенные сюжетные линии, а также характерные детали, с целью достижения наиболее эффективного влияния на окружающих людей. В этом тысячелетнем процессе обычно главный сюжет уступил место к внесенным позже второстепенным сюжетам, и появились новые, оригинально-региональные сказки. В последующем эти второстепенные сюжеты, ставшие главными, были вытеснены со своего места другими второстепенными сюжетами и т. д.

On the existing supposition of possible ancient relationship between some American Indians languages and Turkic languages the author tried to establish similar subject lines in national fairy tales of native speakers, in particular the Turkmen and different American Indian tribes. To this end, some fairy tales that were included to the collections «Son of the Morning Star» (Indian tales) and «The Sold dream» (Turkmen tales) were exposed to a comparative analysis in the article.On the basis of revealing and subsequent description of identical lines in such fairy tales as «The Wolf Tooth and beautiful Nitaki», «Karaja-batyr», the Dakota Indians tale «Nepi and Nip» and «Three companions» from «Turkmen folk tales» collection the author came to the conclusion that the plot of American Indian and Turkmen fairy tales that passed down through the generations suffered a lot of changes although they had commons and principals in the plot. Each American Indian and Turkmen storyteller expounded a tale proceeding from aesthetic requirements of the listeners adding or subtracting minor storyline or even characteristic details for achieving the most effective influence on people around. In this thousand-year process the main plot usually gave way to the minor plots that were brought later and then new original-regional fairy tales appeared. In a subsequent these minor plots which became the main were also displaced by other minor plots etc.
Scaffold Generator - A Java library implementing molecular scaffold functionalities in the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK)
Authors: Schaub Jonas , Zander Julian , Zielesny Achim , Steinbeck Christoph
Published: October 2022

The concept of molecular scaffolds as defining core structures of organic molecules is utilised in many areas of chemistry and cheminformatics, e.g. drug design, chemical classification, or the analysis of high-throughput screening data. Here, we present Scaffold Generator, a comprehensive open library for the generation, handling, and display of molecular scaffolds, scaffold trees and networks. The new library is based on the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) and highly customisable through multiple settings, e.g. five different structural framework definitions are available. For display of scaffold hierarchies, the open GraphStream Java library is utilised. Performance snapshots with natural products (NP) from the COCONUT (COlleCtion of Open Natural prodUcTs) database and drug molecules from DrugBank are reported. The generation of a scaffold network from more than 450,000 NP can be achieved within a single day.
Metal-free construction of aminated isoquinoline frameworks from 2-(2-oxo-2-arylethyl) benzonitrile in an aqueous medium
Authors: Sharma Himanshi , Kumar Manoj , Sethi Aaftaab , Rathi Brijesh
Published: October 2022

Herein, we report a metal-free protocol for the activation of nitrile towards the nucleophilic addition and subsequent annulation under an aqueous medium for the first time. The protocol divulges an efficient route for the construction of diversified aminated isoquinolines. Differently substituted primary as well as secondary amines underwent the reaction in a highly regioselective manner. The reaction is operationally simple, shows high functional group tolerance, easier modification of well-known drugs, and successfully extended to gram-scale synthesis.
A scalable microstructure photonic coating fabricated by roll-to-roll “defects” for daytime sub-ambient passive radiation cooling
Authors: Liu Sipan , Sui Chenxi , Harbinson Myers , Pudlo Michael , Perera Himendra , Zhang Zhenzhen , Liu Ruguan , Ku Zahyun , Islam Md Didarul , Liu Yuxuan , Zhu Yong , Genzer Jan , Khan Saad , Hsu Po-Chun , Ryu Jong Eun
Published: October 2022

The deep space’s coldness (~4K) provides a ubiquitous and inexhaustible thermodynamic resource to suppress the cooling energy consumption. However, it is nontrivial to achieve sub-ambient radiative cooling during daytime under strong direct sunlight, which requires rational and delicate photonic design for simultaneous high solar reflectivity (> 94%) and thermal emissivity. A great challenge arises when trying to meet such strict photonic microstructure requirements while maintaining manufacturing scalability. Herein, we demonstrate a rapid, low-cost, template-free roll-to-roll method to fabricate spike microstructured photonic nanocomposite coatings with Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles embedded that possess 97.5% of solar reflectivity and 98.6% of thermal emissivity. A novel Roll-to-roll Defects Coefficient is proposed to predict the microstructure density. When facing direct sunlight at summer noon (806 W/m2 solar intensity), the meta-coatings show a radiative cooling power of 99.2 W/m2. Combined with the coatings’ superhydrophobic and contamination resistance merits, the potential 15.1% cooling energy saving capability is numerically demonstrated across the United States.
Enhancing Reliability of Chromogenic Bioassay with Two-Electron TMB Oxidation Enabled by Self-assembled Surfactants Nanozyme
Authors: Zhu Caixia , Xu Yuan , Hong Qing , Cao Xuwen , Wang Kaiyuan , Shen Yanfei , Liu Songqin , Zhang Yuanjian
Published: October 2022

In a standard colorimetric sensing assay based on HRP-H2O2-TMB (3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine), the stability of the signal of the chromogenic probe (TMBox) is essential for the accuracy of measurements. Terminators, typically of strong acids, are often added to maintain signal stability. However, additional manipulations may compromise sensing accuracy and the use of strong acids cause safety hazards. Here, a self-assembled sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar nanozymes sensing strategy was proposed, which can catalyze the two-electron oxidization of TMB directly to the final state. Unlike the free and bound oxygen intermediates pathways, the micellar nanozymes enabled a microenvironment conducive to two-electron oxidization of TMB, in which the electrostatic attraction between the micellar nanozymes and TMB played crucial roles in substrate activation and intermediates stabilization. It allows micellar nanozyme to remain active even at very high H2O2 concentrations, thus enabling a broader detection range. GOD and the micellar nanozymes were cascaded for glucose detection as an application. As a result, the disadvantage of signal instability in conventional glucose biosensors from natural enzyme systems (HRP and GOD) was avoided.
Protein Cargo Encapsulation by Virus-Like Particles: Strategies and Applications
Authors: McNeale Donna , Dashti Noor , Cheah Li Chen , Sainsbury Frank
Published: October 2022

Viruses and the recombinant protein cages assembled from their structural proteins, known as virus-like particles (VLPs), have gained wide interest as tools in biotechnology and nanotechnology. Detailed structural information and their amenability to genetic and chemical modification make them attractive systems for further engineering. This review describes the range of non-enveloped viruses that have been co-opted for heterologous protein cargo encapsulation and the strategies that have been developed to drive encapsulation. Spherical capsids of a range of sizes have been used as platforms for protein cargo encapsulation. Various approaches, based on native and non-native interactions between the cargo proteins and inner surface of VLP capsids, have been devised to drive encapsulation. Here we outline the evolution of these approaches, discussing their benefits and limitations. Like the viruses from which they are derived, VLPs are of interest in both biomedical and materials applications. The encapsulation of protein cargo inside VLPs leads to numerous uses in both fundamental and applied biocatalysis and biomedicine, some of which are discussed herein. The applied science of protein encapsulating VLPs is emerging as a research field with great potential. Developments in loading control, higher order assembly, and capsid optimization are poised to realize this potential in the near future.
FORMATION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE CLIENT BASE OF BANK
Authors: Azarenkova Galyna , Janumyan Edgar
Published: October 2022

The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the fact that the priority of a modern commercial bank is the effective management of its own customer base through an effective customer policy.

The profits that a commercial bank strives for are provided by the banking operations provided by the bank to its customers. Therefore, achieving this goal is impossible without the formation, maintenance and expansion of its own quality customer base.

In addition, it is in a period of unstable economic situation, when there is a decline in income of Ukrainian consumers of banking services, inflationary expectations increase and distrust of financial institutions, the formation and implementation of effective customer policy of a commercial bank become particularly relevant.

But the changing economic situation and the development of the banking business require further research in this area and the development of corrections in the current customer strategy of the bank.

The subject of the research is the formation and management of the customer base of Ukrsibbank.

The object of study is the economic relations that arise in the process of forming the customer base of the bank and its management.

The purpose of the article is to identify scientific and methodological approaches and recommendations that will contribute to more effective management of the customer base of bank.

The task of the work is to substantiate the division of the bank's customer base into segments as an object of management in the bank. After analyzing the information obtained, it is possible to explore the conceptual basis for the formation of a customer base management system because the basics of its formation is an important step to make promising recommendations for the formation of strategies for establishing cooperation with different groups of customers.

According to the results of the research, the existing scientific and methodological approaches to defining the customer base as an object of management in the bank are obtained. The conceptual bases of formation of the bank's customer base management system are analyzed, give an opportunity to develop recommendations for the formation of strategies for establishing cooperation between the bank and various groups of customers.

The obtained results can be used for future effective implementation of the customer-oriented management system in bank.
CURRENT TRENDS OF DIGITAL-MARKETING IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Karandyuk Olga , Marchuk Valeria
Published: October 2022

The article states that the impact of Internet technologies on public life has become a prerequisite for creating a new type of marketing - digital marketing, a characteristic feature of which in addition to the specific environment of information dissemination was the need to develop an information product that meets consumer information needs. The authors note that under the current conditions of development of the world economy in general and the economy of Ukraine in particular, there are significant changes in the activities of enterprises and approaches to doing business. The development of globalization is analyzed and the emphasis is on its transformation into globalization processes. The most obvious change is that most companies and people have moved to the online environment. Current trends in the development of digital marketing in the context of globalization are considered. Important aspects of the impact of information technology on the change of everyday life and business activities are highlighted. The importance of digital marketing to meet the needs of a new generation of consumers has been identified. The main directions of using information technologies in marketing with their tendency to personification are determined.
It is substantiated that the effective practice of digital marketing in the conditions of global informatization for enterprises is content marketing, which is based on the formation of interesting, relevant information material in accordance with the needs and desires of the consumer. Content should be relevant to current issues and issues of concern to consumers, have a clear and understandable structure of material, combine different tools of visualization and interactivity.Modern digital marketing is actively developing in the direction of video marketing, creation of audio content and voice processing systems; the role of messengers as a low-cost and more efficient SMM implementation environment is growing.
Taking into account the analysis of modern scientific research, the authors noted that they have not substantiated the tools of Internet marketing, which are relevant in the context of globalization. Effective tools for promoting products on the Internet, which have developed significantly in recent years, are analyzed. The necessity of development of marketing Internet technologies of promotion of goods and services as a hybrid technology in the conditions of business globalization is substantiated. Taking into account the current trends in the development of online communications, the authors based on a study of modern publications summarized the current tools of digital marketing and systematized current trends in digital marketing. It is concluded that the further transformation of marketing in connection with the rapid development of technology.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Karapas Udang Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Kaldu Bubuk yang Dihasilkan
Authors: Karomah Siti , Haryati Sri , Sudjatinah Sudjatinah
Published: October 2022

Shrimp carapace is one of the fisheries waste products that can be a potential alternative for natural flavoring because it contains a lot of glutamic acid that create umami taste in dishes by turning it into a powdered broth. Powdered broth is a product that has been known as a food additive that is obtained from boiling meat or more commonly known as a seasonings. The purpose of this study is to know how the effect and best treatment of different concentrations of extract from shrimp carapace on the quality of the resulting powder broth. This research was conducted at the Food Engineering Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory Semarang university and the Chemix Pratama Laboratory Yogyakarta. The design of the experiment used was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, which gives the concentration of shrimp carapace, which is 3%; 3.5%; 4%; 4.5%; And 5%. The test parameters were water levels, fat levels, protein levels, glutamate levels, and hedonic tests include taste and aroma attributes. To find out the difference between treatment, data was tested with Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) at 5% level. The results have shown that differences in shrimp carapace extract have a significant effect (p <0.05) on water levels, fat levels, protein levels, glutamate levels, and hedonic scores. This study recommends P3 treatment as the best alternative treatment considering water level (4,17%), fat content (1,29%), protein (15,05%), glutamate (10,76%), and being the most preferred by panelists. with the taste attribute score (5.50), and aroma (4.77).
State of spatial memory and antioxidant system activity of rats in the dynamics of development of blast-induced traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kozlova Yu.V. , Maslak H.S. , Abraimova O.E. , Koldunov V.V. , Khudyakov O.E.
Published: October 2022

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in spatial memory and catalase activity in dynamics in the blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI). The experiment was carried out on 67 albino male Wistar rats, which were randomly divided into three groups: I group – experimental (n=34), animals were subjected to inhalation anesthesia with halothane, fixed and was simulated blast-induced traumatic brain injury was simulated by generating a shock wave with an overpressure of 26.4±3.6 kPa, II group – sham (n=34), animals which were subjected only to inhalation anesthesia and fixation and III group – intact (n=34). After the study of behavior, euthanasia was performed, blood and brain were taken shelter. Histopathological examination of the brain showed disturbances both of hippocampal neurons and microcirculature. In the dynamics of the post-traumatic period of mild bTBI there was observed a significant (p<0.01) impairment of rats spatial memory in the experimental group, which was established as a prolongation of latent time of the search in the Barnes maze: by 39% – on day 1, by 76% – on day 3, by 65% – on day 7 and by 61% – on day 14 of the study. The analysis of catalase activity revealed a significant decrease of this enzyme activity in blood plasma of the rats in the experimental group in comparison with rats of sham and intact groups: on day 1 – by 35% (p<0.01), on day 3 – by 27% (p<0.01) and by 12% on day 7 of the post-traumatic period (p<0.05), which indicates the involvement of catalase in the reaction of hydrogen peroxide inactivation. Correlation analysis between spatial memory and catalase activity in experimental rats showed a negative relationship of medium degree on day 1 (r=-0.3, p<0.01) and a negative relationship (r=-0.2, p<0.01) of weak degree on day 3 of post-traumatic period, indicating increased formation of free radicals during this period. One-way analysis of variance showed a significant (H1, p<0.01) effect of changes in the catalase activity of rat blood plasma on the state of spatial memory in the Barnes maze during 14 days of the post-traumatic period. It was established that oxidative stress is an important link in pathogenesis of the spatial memory disorders in animals with mild bTBI in the first week of the post-traumatic period.
Matrix metalloproteinases in the oral fluid as a characteristic of inflammatory-destructive process in periodontal tissues
Authors:  Samoilenko A.V. , Titovska S.O.
Published: October 2022

The study of the imbalance between the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and their regulation markers in the oral fluid of patients with generalized periodontitis is necessary for creation of effective methods for early diagnosis and preventive treatment of the disease. The aim of the research was to examine the oral fluid of persons with healthy periodontal tissues, patients with chronic diffuse gingivitis and generalized periodontitis for concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitor, anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, markers of bone metabolism and to compare obtained results. 90 persons aged 32-45 years were examined, including 30 persons with intact periodontal tissues, 30 patients with chronic diffuse catarrhal gingivitis and generalized periodontitis of the initial degree and 30 ones with chronic generalized periodontitis of I-II degrees. Periodontal status was assessed using clinical indices and bone mineral density according to computed tomography data. The method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentration of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP-1, interleukins-1β, -6 and -4, bone metabolism markers – tartrate-resistant acidic phosphatase and bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin in the oral fluid. The initiation of the inflammatory-destructive process in the periodontal tissues was characterized by an increase levels of MMP and pro-inflammatory IL-1β and IL-6 (р<0.05), a decrease in the concentration of TIMP-1 (р>0.05) and anti-inflammatory IL-4 (р<0.05), against the background of the absence of dynamics of bone metabolism markers in the oral fluid. The progression of the process at the І-II degrees of periodontitis was accompanied by a further increase in the concentration of pro-inflammatory interleukins, an increase in the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and a decrease in bone alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin (р<0.05) in the oral fluid, while the content of MMP did not change (р>0.05). The expression of MMP is important for the preventive diagnosis of generalized periodontitis, but it is not indicative for determining the severity of the disease. The imbalance of MMP and TIMP-1 in the early stages of the pathological process indicates the greatest expediency of using MMP inhibitors in the treatment of patients with gingivitis and periodontitis of the initial degree.
Status of Finance and Economics Students’ Identity with the Civics of their Major Courses and the Path to Enhance the Teaching Effect
Authors: Peng Xiaojie , Zhuang Zhipeng , Lin Xiaohang
Published: October 2022

Under the requirements of curriculum education in the new era, the need to integrate professional courses in the Civic Education has become more urgent. In this paper, Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) motivation model from the perspective of students is used to explore the problems in the implementation of Civic Education in accounting courses from the perspective of students’ learning needs and motivation as well as the essential needs of Civic Education in the curriculum. We also propose countermeasures and suggestions to meet the requirements of teachers and colleges and universities, to help in building a “student-centered” teaching mode of curriculum thinking and government.
Research On the Implementation Path of Social Work Talent Cultivation in Local Colleges and Universities Under the Background of New Liberal Arts
Authors: Liu Jian
Published: October 2022

The core task of the NEW LIBERAL ARTS construction is to cultivate a NEW LIBERAL ARTS talent team that can master multidisciplinary professional knowledge with high professional quality, strong comprehensive ability, and strong practical ability. The NEW LIBERAL ARTS construction is both an opportunity and a challenge to the development of social work majors, and how to integrate social work majors better into the NEW LIBERAL ARTS construction has become an increasingly urgent issue of social work education. This paper summarizes the action strategies for the cultivation of social work professionals in the context of the NEW LIBERAL ARTS construction through research and analysis on the basis of the inner connection between the NEW LIBERAL ARTS construction and the cultivation of social work talents.
Impact of Two-Way FDI on the Industrial Structure in Shandong Province Under the Background of “New and Old Kinetic Energy Conversion”
Authors: Xia Zhiqing , Song Ge , Hussain Zahid
Published: October 2022

This paper uses the panel data of 17 cities in Shandong Province from 2003 to 2018 to construct a panel model to empirically study the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the industrial structure. The results show that two-way investment, financial industry development, and policy variables have significant roles in promoting the advancement of the industrial structure in the province. In the future implementation of the “Going Global” strategy in Shandong Province, the cooperation between two-way investment and the financial industry should be strengthened, the level of regional financial development should be improved, and the impact of two-way investment on the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure should be reinforced.
The Impact of Project Portfolio Management on Enterprise Strategic Objectives
Authors: Song Qiting
Published: October 2022

In today’s era, with the increase in the number of enterprise innovations, enterprises must adopt project portfolio management for various innovations, select alternative projects from the perspective of enterprise strategy. This paper primarily explores the use of project portfolio management in enterprise project management, hoping to improve the quality of enterprise project management and the utilization efficiency of project portfolio management in enterprise project management.
Science Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Plastic Waste. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Dakroub Rozan
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this research study was to explore the pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of science teachers in Lebanon regarding teaching about plastic waste and plastic waste as a socio-scientific issue (SSI). SSIs are open-ended and controversial issues connected to science content. Efficacious SSI teaching is indispensable for developing scientific literacy (SL). Plastic waste, with its links to science, politics, ethics and economics, can be classified as an SSI. For the purpose of the current study’s investigation, the five PCK components from the PCK-BSSI model of Han-Tosunoglu and Lederman (2021) were considered. This research employed a case study design. Participants were ten science teachers. Data sources included interviews, classroom observations, and teachers’ lesson plans. Data were analyzed through qualitative thematic analysis. Results were compared and triangulated to increase credibility and trustworthiness of the study findings. Findings showed that science teachers’ PCK of plastic waste was characterized by low-order practices, inadequate scientific knowledge, ineffective teaching strategies, and traditional forms of assessment. The results also showed that science teachers’ PCK reflected minimal aspects of SSI. The science teachers sought to integrate disciplines, make connections to real-world problems, engage students in questioning, and involve them in discussions. Nevertheless, higher-order thinking, scientific argumentation, inquiry-based learning, and understanding the nature of science were rarely part of their lessons. In addition, the science teachers did not incorporate the political, social, ethical, and economic aspects of plastic waste into their science instruction. Although this study is limited to science teachers in Lebanon, the findings raised new questions for future research. Recommendations are provided to science educators, policy-makers, and curriculum designers.
Transfusion of Plasma from Young Exercise mice ameliorates Aging-associated Cognitive Impairments on Learning and Memory through activation of Autophagy. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Khoury Reine
Published: October 2022

The brain’s cognitive skills gradually decline with aging. In old animals, damaged proteins accumulate in neurons since autophagy, a catabolic process responsible for organelle and protein degradation, decreases. Physical exercise is a known lifestyle factor that promotes learning and memory formation in the hippocampus. The beneficial effects of exercise are mediated through the induction of the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Previous work identified that exercise promotes cognition by inducing autophagy. In this study, we report that voluntary exercise increases autophagic activity in the hippocampus of adult C57BL/6 mice. This increase in autophagy is correlated with enhanced spatial learning and memory formation in the Morris water maze. Inhibition of autophagy in adult exercise mice with chloroquine phosphate (CQ) during the behavioral test showed impaired learning and memory formation, as well as decreased BDNF levels in the hippocampus as compared to the control exercise group. Activation of BDNF signaling in mice treated with CQ did not rescue learning and memory deficits. Hence, our results suggest that BDNF signaling is upstream of autophagy in the hippocampus. The same exercise paradigm did not promote learning and memory formation in middle aged and old male mice. Interestingly, we show that systemic administration of adult exercise plasma into middle-aged mice rejuvenates learning and memory in an autophagy dependent manner. Our results are consistent with autophagy playing central roles in promoting exercise-induced effects on cognition. Among the plasma factors, we identified β-hydroxybutyrate, a liver-derived molecule, as an exercise-induced factor that promotes learning and memory in an autophagy-dependent manner. The results reveal the potential therapeutic benefits of plasma factors released in response to exercise in an autophagy dependent manner.
Integration of COVID-19 Pandemic in Teaching Middle School Biology. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Hijazi Sahar
Published: October 2022

Scientific literacy is a major goal of school science education in different parts of the world, including Lebanon. One way of developing scientific literacy includes addressing socioscientific issues in science classrooms. Socioscientific issues are open-ended controversial issues related to science and influenced by other factors such as economics, ethics, and politics. Currently, one of the world’s controversial socioscientific issues is COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemics are not solely a function of pathogens but also a consequence of change in society’s structure and performance. This pandemic should be taken as an opportunity to prepare scientifically literate citizens who can take responsible decisions. However, previous research shows that COVID-19 is mainly addressed as a pathogen to treat rather than an opportunity to bring it into school science classrooms as an important socioscientific issue. This study uses multiple case studies to explore how grade 8 biology teachers integrate the topic of COVID-19 pandemic within the context of an immunology unit, and to understand the extent to which they address it as a socioscientific issue. The participants were five grade 8 biology teachers from five private schools in Beirut, Lebanon. Qualitative data sources including semi-structured interviews, classroom observations, and teacher lesson plans were utilized. Data from transcribed interview responses, lesson plans, observational protocol, and the researcher’s journal were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis as well as triangulated. The findings of this study revealed that the participating grade 8 biology teachers integrated COVID-19 pandemic upon teaching the immunology unit but were not aware of teaching COVID-19 as a socioscientific issue. The results showed that mainly the health aspect of teaching COVID-19 as a socioscientific issue was tackled in the participants’ classrooms. Although this study is limited to five middle school science teachers in Lebanon, the findings raise recommendations for future research.
LEBANESE IN THE GULF STATES. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Farhat Tamara
Published: October 2022

Lebanese migration to the Gulf states is a phenomenon that passed throughout different waves starting from the era of the late years of the Ottoman Empire till the present day. It has been impacted by many socio-political factors. This thesis aims to gain a better understanding of the Lebanese diaspora identity in these states where social integration mechanisms are constantly obstructed. To achieve this objective, an extensive literature review is conducted on waves of Lebanese migration to the Gulf, the integration of the Lebanese migrants in these states or lack thereof, and their social identity and sense of belonging. In this context, the thesis draws on existing literature that discusses integration policies followed by the Gulf states. It also discusses the bilateral relationship between Lebanon and Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, and the Lebanese migration outflows to the Gulf that persisted despite the diplomatic crisis between the two countries. Based on the conducted research targeting the Lebanese diaspora living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) as a case study, it was found that the identity of Lebanese migrants and their sense of belonging are obstructed by social traditions as well as policies and regulations of the GCC countries. This thesis concludes by explaining the actual reality of the Lebanese migrant’s identity living in the Gulf and concluding that it as an identity dwelling in liminality.
Effect of blood viscosity on the atherosclerotic plaque. (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, Zgheib Yara
Published: October 2022

In this thesis, we study a fluid structure interaction problem between the blood and the atherosclerosis plaque formed inside an artery. The formation of this plaque may lead to dangerous consequences such as its rupture, the formation of blood clot that might result in a heart attack or an ischemic stroke. The blood is modeled as an incompressible non-Newtonian viscous fluid using the Navier-Stokes equations, the lipid pool and the fibrous cap of the atheroma plaque are supposed to be hyperelastic materials. The interactions between the blood (the fluid) and the plaque of atherosclerosis (the structure) are done after the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) method to handle employing the mesh displacement. In a stenosed artery, we investigate the hyperviscosity effects of blood on the blood flow of a COVID 19 patients, and the non-Newtonian one on the recirculation downstream of the atheroma plaque. After a mathematical analysis of the model, a finite element method is used to provide numerical simulations. The main interests of the numerical results are the displacement of the plaque, the distribution of the stress over it and the recirculation of the blood. Simulations show that the Newtonian model where the viscosity is constant overestimates the recirculation of the blood, underestimates the displacement of the plaque and the stress over it in comparison with the non-Newtonian one. In addition, it shows also that the increase in the viscosity of the blood in a COVID 19 patient overestimates the distribution of the stress over the plaque that will lead to its rupture.
ГЕТЕРОЦИКЛИЧЕСКИЕ ТЯЖЕЛЫЕ АНАЛОГИ КАРБЕНОВ: СТРОЕНИЕ И ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА
Authors: Арсеньева К.В. , Пискунов А.В.
Published: October 2022

В обзоре обобщены сведения по синтезу, исследованию особенностей молекулярного и электронного строения гетероциклических производных низковалентных кремния, германия, олова и свинца, опубликованные в период с 2016 по 2021 год. Рассматриваются основные направления химических превращений вышеописанных соединений.
Lightweight and accurate system for entity extraction and linking
Authors:   Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny, Russia, Evseev D. A.
Published: October 2022

Entity extraction and linking components in dialogue assistants should meet the requirements of low resource consumption and high accuracy. In this paper we present lightweight system which extracts entity mentions from the text and finds corresponding Wikidata ids and Wikipedia pages links. Entity extraction and linking is performed into the following steps: extraction of entity substrings from the text, retrieval of candidate entities from Wikidata knowledge base and entity disambiguation. Entity extraction is based on RoBERTa-tiny model for token classification. Extracted substrings are classified into 42 fine-grained tags for filtering of candidate entities. Candidate entities are ranked by number of connections of candidate entities in the text in Wikidata knowledge graph. The proposed system outperforms on WNED-WIKI other lightweight solutions, such as REL and OpenTapioca. The system supports easy adding new Wikidata entities to the database and using other knowledge bases for entity linking.
Automatic Summarization of Russian Texts: Comparison of Extractive and Abstractive Methods
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia, Goloviznina V. S. , Kotelnikov E. V ,   Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia
Published: October 2022

This paper investigates the problem of creating summaries of Russian-language texts based on extractive (TextRank and LexRank) and abstractive (mBART, ruGPT3Small, ruGPT3Large, ruT5-base and ruT5-large) methods. For our experiments, we used the Russian-language corpus of news articles Gazeta and the Russianlanguage parts of the MLSUM and XL-Sum corpora. We computed ROUGE-N, ROUGE-L, BLEU, METEOR and BERTScore metrics to evaluate the quality of summarization. According to the experimental results, the methods are ranked (from best to worst) as follows: ruT5-large, mBART, ruT5-base, LexRank, ruGPT3Large, TextRank, ruGPT3Small. The study also highlights the salient features of summaries obtained by various methods. In particular, mBART summaries are less abstractive than ruGPT3Large and ruT5-large, and ruGPT3Large summaries are often incomplete and contain errors.
“Word-by-word” melodic contour in Russian dialects: quantitative approach
Authors:   Vinogradov Russian Language Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences / Moscow, Russia, Knyazev Sergey , Evstigneeva Maria ,   Banks Soft Systems / Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2022

The paper presents results of quantitative analysis of phrasal tonal structure in two Northern Russian dialects with different types of “word-by-word” melodic contour. These dialects differ from Modern Standard Russian by the quantity of pitch accents since their 60% of words bear pitch accent, thus the prosodic unit in them is not a (phonological) word, but an accent group. In addition, the dialects differ from Standard Russian by regular presence of even tone on the accented vowel (in Arkhangelsk dialect 86% of all accents have it; in Vologda dialect it is less frequent: 33%) and higher frequency of pitch accents with increased interval. The main differences between Arkhangelsk and Vologda dialects are 1) the ratio of rising and falling pitch accents: 2.6% falling in Arkhangelsk dialect and 56% in Vologda dialect, it brings the latter closer to Standard Russian (53%) and 2) the level of the base tone on which the main tonal changes occur (high and medium, respectively). Thus “word-by-word” melodic contour exists at least in two varieties: with rising tonal movement and with a falling tone in the function of an ornamental accent. In general, the intonation system of Vologda dialect, though there are a lot of significant differences, is much closer to Modern Standard Russian than to Arkhangelsk dialect.
Emotional Analysis of posts in VKontakte: classification or regression?
Authors:   Siberian Federal University / Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Kolmogorova A. V , Kalinin A. A. ,   Siberian Federal University / Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Published: October 2022

The article summarizes the results of two tasks in machine learning paradigm: the task of classification according to the criterion of dominating emotion on the data of social networks posts in Russian and the regression task using the same data. The experiments are conducted on the data set collected from VKontakte social network and consisted of 3879 posts assessed by 2000 informants on Toloka crowd sourcing platform. The annotation procedure was based on the original interface for non-discrete emotion assessment elaborated by researchers.
Sweet ideal
Authors:   Russian Language Institute RAS, Levontina Irina
Published: October 2022

The work is devoted to the semantics, the structure of polysemy, the syntax of the word ideal. The word ideal at first glance does not seem complicated either from the point of view of the semantics and structure of polysemy, or from the point of view of the actant structure. X is the ideal of Y from the point of view of Z - means that the object X, either real or imaginary, belongs to class Y and fully corresponds to Z's idea of what an object of class Y should be. Moreover, this is such a complete correspondence that in the life of such practically does not happen. The paper considers some non-trivial features of this word. In particular, it turns out that the genitive form of the word ideal can occupy three positions: not only the ideal of Petya (=Petia’s ideal) and the ideal of wife (the idea of what a wife should be), but also the ideal of service (ideal sluzhenija) - in the sense that service is the content of the ideal. In addition, it turns out that the semantics and structure of the polysemy of the word ideal have changed during its existence in the Russian language. In Pushkin's expression Tatyany milyj ideal the sweet ideal does not imply that Tatyana has some kind of ideal, but that the ideal is Tatyana herself. More precisely, the ideal of Tatiana here is the same as the image of Tatiana. Different words with this root have various structure of polysemy.