bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecção de Casos de Violência Patrimonial a partir do Twitter
Authors: Clarindo João Paulo , Coutinho Fábio , Freitas André Lage
Published: February 2020

Nos últimos anos, casos de violência patrimonial passaram a fazer parte do cotidiano dos brasileiros. Tal situação impõe aos gestores da segurança pública um grande desafio: buscar alternativas às estatísticas oficiais a fim de refletir uma visão mais condizente com a realidade. A popularização das redes sociais tem resultado na geração contínua de dados sobre relatos, sentimentos e opiniões de seus usuários. Este trabalho apresenta o sistema DETECT, que analisa dados da rede social Twitter com o objetivo de detectar mensagens (tweets) que indiquem a ocorrência de crimes de violência patrimonial, suprindo a lacuna existente em dados oficiais. Um experimento foi realizado e os resultados encontrados mostraram-se equivalentes a dados oficiais.
Tratamento e Integração de Metadados Genômicos Mitocondriais em Filogenômica
Authors: Saboia Gustavo , de Souza Jose , de Vasconcelos Ana Teresa , Soares André Elias Rodrigues , Ocaña Kary
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta a ferramenta MPCreator, um workflow que permite o controle e automação no tratamento e integração de metadados genômicos para posteriores análises de filogenômica. Apesar de ser um trabalho em andamento, o MPCreator já foi testado e validado por cientistas no que tange ao apoio na capacidade analítica dos metadados. Ele está disponível em https://github.com/gustavoSaboia97/MPCreator e os próximos passos conduzem ao uso de ambientes paralelos e distribuição de tarefas.
Técnicas de Projeção para Identificação de Grupos e Comparação de Dados Multidimensionais Usando Diferentes Medidas de Similaridade
Authors: Joia Paulo , Nonato Luis Gustavo
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho explora o potencial das técnicas de projeção para resolver problemas relacionados à: identificação de agrupamentos e busca por similaridade em dados multidimensionais. Para identificação de agrupamentos foi desenvolvida uma técnica de projeção local e interativa capaz de projetar dados com ótima preservação de distâncias, além de um novo método para identificação de agrupamentos, o qual opera no espaço visual, garantindo que os grupos obtidos não fiquem fragmentados durante a visualização. Para as buscas por similaridade em dados multidimensionais, uma família de métricas baseada em classes foi construída e a teoria dos conjuntos fuzzy foi usada para estimar um valor de incerteza que é transferido para a métrica, aumentando sua precisão. Os resultados confirmam a efetividade das técnicas desenvolvidas, as quais representam significativa contribuição nesta área de investigação
Sobre a minimização de transdutores sequenciais
Authors: De Souza Rodrigo
Published: February 2020

Estudamos a minimização de transdutores sequenciais utilizando para as saídas uma família de monóides que chamamos de monóides com mdc. Provamos a existência de um transdutor minimal para funções sequenciais ∑* → M, onde M é um monóide cancelativo com mdc único. Esse resultado inclui diversos monóides de interesse, como os monóides livres, e o monóide aditivo dos números reais não-negativos. Também apresentamos uma caracterização das funções sequenciais ∑* → M, onde M é um monóide cancelativo com mdc, utilizando a congruência à direita de uma função.
Uma Proposta de Instrumentação Remota Explorando a Ubiquidade da Infraestrutura da IoT
Authors: Xavier Lucas M. S. , Kaiser Filho Huberto , Davet Patrícia , Yamin Adenauer
Published: February 2020

As tecnologias que vêm permitindo a consolidação das infraestruturas da IoT são as mesmas que respondem às demandas dos sistemas de instrumentação modernos, os quais devem contemplar, entre outros desafios, o armazenamento e o acesso remoto das informações medidas e a geração de alertas. Este trabalho busca explorar essa convergência, apresentando a concepção de um instrumento de medição que, por meio da integração com uma plataforma IoT, assume um caráter ubíquo. Especificamente, foram usados os mecanismos para coleta e tratamento de informações sensoriadas do middleware EXEHDA. O instrumento, denominado ubiMeter, foi submetido a dois cenários de teste. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se promissores.
O Uso de Storytelling para Apoiar o Compartilhamento de Conhecimento
Authors: Salim Roberta , Dias Angélica F. S. , França Juliana B. S. , Lage Bruno B. , Borges Marcos R. S.
Published: February 2020

Escolas públicas do município do Rio de Janeiro adotou recentemente uma abordagem essencialmente comunicativa para o ensino de língua inglesa. A contação de histórias apoiada pela tecnologia é uma forma bastante eficiente de se colher dados relacionados a algo que foi vivenciado por um grupo de pessoas. Quando essas histórias são formalizadas, o conhecimento tácito também pode ser observado, fazendo com que seja possível uma maior aproximação da realidade dos eventos. Através da Sofia, uma ferramenta especialmente criada para a recuperação de informações através de histórias, busca-se chegar a um resultado a partir da colaboração de um grupo de alunos.
O que Explica o Sucesso de Jogos no Ensino de Engenharia de Software? Uma Teoria de Motivação
Authors: Souza Márcia , França César
Published: February 2020

O desenvolvimento de Jogos para ensino das disciplinas de engenharia de software tem se mostrado como uma alternativa instrucional de bastante sucesso. É sabido, no entanto, que a atratividade dos jogos está associada a mecanismos sociais e psicológicos altamente sofisticados. Neste artigo, apresentamos uma revisão sistemática conduzida nos anais do WEI de 2008 a 2015, que demonstra que há uma convergência significativa entre as características dos jogos educacionais propostos nesta literatura e os pressupostos da Teoria de Motivação e Satisfação de Engenheiros de Software. Isto posto, esta teoria poderá servir como mecanismo de base para o design conceitual de jogos educacionais ainda mais atrativos nesta área.
O Uso de Recursos Lúdicos Para o Ensino de Processos em Engenharia de Software
Authors: de Castro Ronney Moreira , Souza Gleison Dos Santos
Published: February 2020

Docentes e alunos têm enfrentado grande dificuldade no que se refere à abordagem de ensino-aprendizagem do uso de processos na disciplina de Engenharia de Software, pois a maioria das metodologias adotadas atualmente se baseiam em aulas expositivas com pouca eficiência. Neste artigo é apresentada uma abordagem diferente, que utiliza recursos lúdicos para o auxílio ao ensino de processos, com o objetivo de melhorar a absorção de conhecimento pelos alunos e, consequentemente, trazer para a prática conhecimentos somente vistos na teoria
Cunhantã Digital: programa de incentivo à participação de mulheres da região amazônica na Computação e áreas afins
Authors: Lauschner Tanara , De Freitas Rosiane , Nakamura Fabíola , Lobo Ludymila
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta o Programa Cunhantã Digital, que envolve ações e projetos voltados ao incentivo à participação de mulheres da região amazônica na área de ciência e tecnologia. Tal programa contempla atividades como a realização de palestras e atividades lúdicas em eventos científicos e a capacitação de alunas para participar de competições de programação e desenvolver aplicativos computacionais, dentre outras. Algumas ações já resultaram em destaques obtidos em competições de programação e prêmios obtidos por meio do desenvolvimento de aplicativos, além de terem proporcionado um ambiente acadêmico mais propício à discussão de questões relacionadas ao gênero feminino nas áreas de computação e exatas na comunidade amazonense. Os próximos passos visam atingir também escolas de ensino fundamental e médio, para que as mulheres se sintam motivadas a escolher suas profissões independentemente dos pré-conceitos sociais.
I Fórum Gurias na Computação: relato de experiências e desdobramentos
Authors: Ferrão Isadora Garcia , Melo Amanda Meincke
Published: February 2020

A presença incipiente de mulheres na área de Tecnologia de Informação tem sido alvo recorrente de debates no Brasil e no exterior. Nesse contexto, com o tema “Experiências que inspiram”, foi proposto o I Fórum Gurias na Computação, integrado à “VII Semana Acadêmica do Campus Tecnológico de Alegrete”, que teve como proposta incentivar a troca de experiências entre profissionais da área de Computação e estudantes, assim como divulgar a área a estudantes do Ensino Médio. Busca-se, com este trabalho, compartilhar os resultados dessa experiência e seus desdobramentos, que inclui a proposta de uma ação de extensão para promover a participação feminina na Computação.
Projeto SciTechGirls: desenvolvimento de aplicativos e participação em competições de programação científicas e tecnológicas
Authors: De Freitas Rosiane , Lobo Ludymila , Conte Tayana
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta o projeto SciTechGirls, do Instituto de Computação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (IComp/UFAM), com ações voltadas para o envolvimento de alunas dos cursos de graduação em Computação, no desenvolvimento de aplicativos computacionais e na participação em competições de programação científicas e tecnológicas, como forma de incentivá-las a aprofundar suas habilidades de programação e, assim, também desmistificar o falso mantra dito por muitos da área de que meninas não programam ou não gostam de programar. Neste trabalho são apresentados casos de sucesso no envolvimento de alunas universitárias em competições de programação, bem como apresentados alguns dos aplicativos de temática feminina desenvolvidos.
Reflexões sobre Gêneros, Tecnologia e Processo Vocacional
Authors: Figueiredo Karen Da Silva , Maciel Cristiano
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho analisa aportes teóricos relacionados às relações de gênero, tecnologia e processo vocacional a fim de discutir como o gênero poderia influenciar nas tomadas de decisão do processo vocacional de jovens alunas de Ensino Médio para ingresso em cursos de superiores de CET.
Análise de desempenho de handover em rede heterogênea usando MIH
Authors: Teixeira Marco Antônio Simões , de Matos Alexandre Veloso , Augusto Mário Ezequiel
Published: February 2020

Atualmente os dispositivos móveis possuem várias interfaces de redes, podendo acessar a Internet usando várias tecnologias de rede sem fio. Porém, neste ambiente heterogêneo, as trocas de rede ocasionam perda de dados e de conexão. O IEEE propôs o protocolo IEEE 802.21 (MIH), uma arquitetura inter-camadas para auxiliar na troca de redes de tecnologias diferentes com a intenção de minimizar a perda de pacotes. Uma das vantagens é que ela pode prever a necessidade de uma troca de rede e avisar as camadas superiores sobre o evento. Este artigo apresenta os resultados da simulação de um ambiente heterogêneo sem fio onde nós analisamos os benefícios do evento Link_Going_Down do IEEE 802.21. O protocolo apresentou resultados significativos relacionados à vazão e ao tempo de handover.
Análise de Desempenho de Brokers MQTT em Sistema de Baixo Custo
Authors: Torres Andrei B. B. , Rocha Atslands R. , de Souza José Neuman
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma análise de desempenho (uso de CPU, consumo de memória e envio de mensagens) de brokers MQTT em um hardware de baixo custo, o Raspberry Pi 2 Modelo B. Os objetivos da análise são averiguar qual implementação de broker MQTT é a mais adequada às limitações do hardware e se o Raspberry Pi 2 é realmente capaz de funcionar como gateway de uma rede de sensores e atuadores para a Internet das Coisas (IoT). Os resultados mostraram que o Raspberry Pi 2 consegue lidar com grandes números de conexões, sendo a implementação em Erlang (eMQTT) a que obteve melhor resultado em vazão de dados, enquanto a implementação em C (Mosquitto) apresentou a menor carga de processamento e consumo de memória.
Storage and Communication Security in Cloud Computing Using a Homomorphic Encryption Scheme Based Weil Pairing
Authors: Cidem Dogan Demet , Altindis Huseyin
Published: February 2020

With introduction of smart things into our lives, cloud computing is used in many different areas and changes the communication method. However, cloud computing should guarantee the complete security assurance in terms of privacy protection, confidentiality, and integrity. In this paper, a Homomorphic Encryption Scheme based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (HES-ECC) is proposed for secure data transfer and storage. The scheme stores the data in the cloud after encrypting them. While calculations, such as addition or multiplication, are applied to encrypted data on cloud, these calculations are transmitted to the original data without any decryption process. Thus, the cloud server has only ability of accessing the encrypted data for performing the required computations and for fulfilling requested actions by the user. Hence, storage and transmission security of data are ensured. The proposed public key HES-ECC is designed using modified Weil-pairing for encryption and additional homomorphic property. HES-ECC also uses bilinear pairing for multiplicative homomorphic property. Security of encryption scheme and its homomorphic aspects are based on the hardness of Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP), Weil Diffie-Hellman Problem (WDHP), and Bilinear Diffie-Helman Problem (BDHP).
Social housing in Albania
Authors: Feshti Marsida , Golemi Ela , Petriti Greta
Published: February 2020

Housing is a particularly important example of what might be thought of as a standard function of central and local government, a consequence of the increased requests of citizens for housing and an attempt to find the best way to realise these. Clearly, it represents an issue of significant social importance. Albania has approved Law No. 22/2018 On social housing, an essential act in the fulfilment of social housing programmes. The objective of the law is to define the rules and administrative procedures as regards the means of planning, insuring, administrating and distributing social housing, with the purpose of creating opportunities for suitable and affordable housing, relying on the capacity to pay of families in need of housing with the assistance of responsible state institutions. This Law is a very important step because, within its desire to facilitate social housing programmes, one part is dedicated to women as survivors of violence, a further step towards meeting the standards of the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence.
EFL Students’ Perceptions of Teacher Feedback and Intra-Feedback in Writing Essays
Authors: Kazemi Maryam , Abadikhah Shirin , Dehqan Mahmood
Published: February 2020

This study examines EFL students’ perceptions of teacher feedback and intra-feedback in writing essays in an EFL university context. Traditionally, teachers who were considered more knowledgeable provided feedback to students' writing. Recently, peer feedback is considered as an alternative form of feedback, which involves a dynamic process of reviewing and discussing one another’s text in a writing class. Intra-feedback, another form of peer feedback, is a reviewer-oriented practice in which two reviewers discuss their comments provided individually on the composition of another student. This paper investigates 21 EFL students’ perceptions of teacher feedback and peer feedback using intra-feedback technique. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a questionnaire and follow-up semi-structured interviews. The results of the questionnaire indicated that students perceived teacher feedback to be most useful in improving the content, organization and language of their essays. From the interviews with the students, their preferences toward feedback provider, feedback focus, feedback provision and intrafeedback inclusion were elicited. Some pedagogical implications for the EFL writing instruction can be made including creation of opportunities for students to become aware of effective reviewing techniques, improvement of peer feedback quality and increasing students’ confidence and critical thinking.
In the News
Authors: Davis Mary Ellen K.
Published: February 2020

In the News
Internet Reviews
Authors: Amato Sara
Published: February 2020

Internet Reviews
Buzz do marketing digital: a utilização das mídias sociais como estratégia de interação nas empresas
Authors: Nascimento Míriam Rodrigues do , Viana Hudson Josino
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar quais as maneiras que o buzz do marketing digital traz a seu favor. Em termos específicos que visa, analisar como o buzz marketing digital influência nas estratégias das empresas, verificando e buscando quais os desafios que as empresas enfrentam para divulgar sua marca e identificar quais os benefícios que este tipo de marketing traz para a empresa. Procurando mostrar os melhores meios de comunicação, para o fortalecimento da marca, ganhando mais visibilidade no mercado consumidor. O estudo foi desenvolvido para contribuir no melhor entendimento e familiarizar empresas sobre este assunto que vem tomando grande abrangência neste meio midiático. O estudo transcorreu-se de fevereiro a novembro de 2019. O estudo é de natureza básica, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Onde o buzz marketing digital é de suma importância para a mesma, pois se trata de uma área da empresa na qual busca trazer e alcançar um público além do esperado através de propagandas, tornando-se um atrativo para as pessoas.
Um estudo bibliográfico sobre o planejamento estratégico em micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Farias Sandy Wene Ferreira , Lima Antonio Raniel Silva
Published: February 2020

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o quanto o planejamento estratégico é utilizado em micro e pequenas empresas e mostrar como a ferramenta planejamento estratégico é importante para um empreendimento seja de grande ou pequeno porte. A pesquisa foi realizada com base nas plataformas de artigos periódicos Capes e Anpad. O estudo é de natureza básica, exploratória, e sua abordagem é qualitativa. Esta pesquisa busca mostrar a importância do planejamento estratégico e espera-se servir de apoio para aqueles que buscam entender o planejamento estratégico e para quem pretende abrir seu próprio negócio. Para o âmbito acadêmico proporciona conhecimento e informações para os futuros profissionais, para o âmbito social esclarece dúvidas e mostrar as pessoas que o planejamento estratégico pode ser um diferencial para as empresas, principalmente as de pequeno porte.
The improvement of the body weight and peak expiratory flow of people with overweight and obesity through the use of yoga
Authors: Del Río Valdivia JE. , Margarita-Salazar C. , Andrade-Sánchez AI , Flores-Moreno PJ. , Barajas-Pineda LT. , Anaya-Solorzano P.
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación es de tipo cuasiexperimental de diseño serie temporal interrumpida con un grupo con medidas repetidas de pretest y postest. El objetivodel mismo, fue la evaluación de un programa de entrenamiento de Yoga sobre los efectosen elFlujo Pico Espiratorio (PEF) yen sobrepeso-obesidad de pacientes femeninos que asistieron a los Grupos de Ayuda Mutua de la Secretaria de Salud en Manzanillo, México. El grupo de intervención estuvo integrado por 15 mujeres con un promedio de edad de 46 años (±16) sin enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, el programa se diseñó para 6 semanas con dos sesiones semanales de 40 minutos cada una (80 min por semana). Los instrumentos utilizados para verificar el progreso en el PEF e IMC fueron,historia clínica, flujometros portátiles y un protocolo mínimo de toma de peso y talla y la fórmula de Quetelet para determinar el IMC, así como, una entrevista al final de la intervención para conocer aspectos sobre la participación en la intervención. Entre los principales hallazgos se evidencia un progreso significativo en Flujo Pico Espiratorio (PEF) posterior a la intervención, las participantes fueron capaces de hacer una inspiración más profunda y una espiración mayor. Los resultados muestran efectos positivos en el PEF posterior a un programa de 6 semanas con trabajo de yoga específico para la mejora de respiración, pero no para disminución de IMC y cambios en el peso corporal.

The present investigation is of the quasi-experimental type of temporal series design interrupted with a group with repeated measures of pretest and posttest. The objective of the same was the evaluation of a Yoga training program on the effects on the Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and on overweight-obesity of female patients who attended the Mutual Aid Groups of the Secretary of Health in Manzanillo, Mexico. The intervention group consisted of 15 women with an average age of 46 years (16) without chronic non-communicable diseases, the program was designed for 6 with two weekly sessions of 40 minutes each (80 min per week). The instruments used to verify the progress in the PEF and the BMI are: clinical history, portable flowmeters and a minimum protocol of weight and height Quetelet´s formula to determine the BMI, as well as an interview at the end of the intervention to know aspects about participation in the intervention. Among the main findings, there was a significant progress in Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) after the intervention, the participants were able to make a deeper inhalation and a greater exhalation.  The results show positive effects on the PEF after a 6-week program with specific yoga work to improve breathing, but not for BMI and changes in body weight.
Le rôle précurseur de la Congrégation Notre-Dame de Sion dans les relations entre l’Église catholique et le judaïsme
Authors: Roy-Lysencourt Philippe
Published: February 2020

Avant le concile Vatican II, l’Église catholique considérait le peuple juif comme déicide, réprouvé et maudit par Dieu ; après cet événement, elle renonça à ce qui fut appelé la « théologie de la substitution », s’engagea dans la voie du dialogue, affirma la permanence de l’élection d’Israël et considéra les juifs comme des « frères aînés ». Dans cet article, l’auteur étudie le rôle de la Congrégation Notre-Dame de Sion dans l’évolution du regard porté par l’Église catholique sur les juifs et le judaïsme, rôle qui a conduit à une remise en cause théologique et à un changement des mentalités qui ont mené, plus ou moins directement, à la déclaration Nostra Aetate du concile Vatican II.
Integration of Podiatric Medicine Within the Fracture Liaison Services Model
Authors: MacRae Tyler , Shofler David W.
Published: February 2020

Underlying bone metabolic disorders are often neglected when managing acute fractures. The term fracture liaison services (FLS) refers to models of care with the designated responsibility of comprehensive fracture management, including the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Although there is evidence of the effectiveness of FLS in reducing health-care costs and improving patient outcomes, podiatric practitioners are notably absent from described FLS models. The integration of podiatric practitioners into FLS programs may lead to improved patient care and further reduce associated health-care costs.
Challenges of Poultry Farmers at Ejisu Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Hagan Margaret Aba Sam
Published: February 2020

The objective of the study was to identify the main marketing challenges that confront poultry farmers in Ejisu Municipal in their attempt to sell poultry products. Data collection was by questionnaires and interviews and data collected was analysed by using descriptive statistics. The result showed that marketing strategies employed include sales promotion, branding and personal selling. Marketing channels include local market and retail shops. The main challenges faced by the farmers included high cost of feed and medicine. Based on the result it can be concluded that the farmers used limited market channels and sales promotion strategies. The key challenges faced by the farmers are the high cost of farm inputs. It is therefore recommended that farmers in the study area should intensify the use of the other marketing strategies such as free delivery service and/or door-to-door sales to organisations and institutions. In addition, government should subsidize poultry farm inputs for farmers.
Selective Cytotoxicity of a Novel Trp‐Rich Peptide against Lung Tumor Spheroids Encapsulated inside a 3D Microfluidic Device
Authors: Dhiman Nandini , Shagaghi Nadin , Bhave Mrinal , Sumer Huseyin , Kingshott Peter , Rath Subha Narayan
Published: February 2020

There is a globally rising healthcare need to develop new anticancer therapies as well as to test them on biologically relevant in vitro cancer models instead of overly simplistic 2D models. To address both these needs, a 3D lung cancer spheroid model is developed using human A549 cells trapped inside a collagen gel in a compartmentalized microfluidic device and homogenously sized (35–45 µm) multicellular tumor spheroids are obtained in 5 days. The novel tryptophan‐rich peptide P1, identified earlier as a potential anticancer peptide (ACP), shows enhanced cytotoxic efficacy against A549 tumor spheroids (>75%) in clinically relevant low concentrations, while it does not affect human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells at the same concentrations (<15%). The peptide also inhibits the formation of tumor spheroids by reducing cell viability as well as lowering the proliferative capacity, which is confirmed by the expression of cell proliferation marker Ki‐67. The ACP offers a novel therapeutic strategy against lung cancer cells without affecting healthy cells. The microfluidic device used is likely to be useful in helping develop models for several other cancer types to test new anticancer agents.
Confined Transformation of Organometal‐Encapsulated MOFs into Spinel CoFe2O4/C Nanocubes for Low‐Temperature Catalytic Oxidation
Authors: Qin Lei , Xu Zehai , Zheng Yilian , Li Chang , Mao Jingwen , Zhang Guoliang
Published: February 2020

Development of spinel bimetallic oxides as low‐cost and high‐efficiency catalysts for catalytic oxidation is highly desired. However, rational design of spinel oxides with controlled structure and components still remains a challenge. A general route for large‐scale preparation of spinel CoFe2O4/C nanocubes transformed from organometal‐encapsulated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via exchange–coordination and pyrolysis combined method is reported. Strong confinement effect between organometallics and MOFs realizes reconstruction of crystal phase and composition, but not simple metallic oxides support by Co2+ introduction. Compared with Co3O4‐Fe2O3/C, MOFs‐derived cubic nano‐CoFe2O4/C with higher surface area (115.7 m2 g−1) and favorable surface chemistry exhibits excellent catalytic activity (100% CO conversion at 105 °C) and competitive water‐resisting stability (total conversion at 145 °C for 20 h). Turnover frequency of CoFe2O4/C reaches 4.26 × 10−4 s−1 at 90 °C, two orders of magnitude higher than commercial Co3O4 . Theoretical models show that oxygen vacancies (17.7%) at exposed {112} facet on the carbon interface take superiority in nanocubic spinel phase, which allows reactive species to be strongly adsorbed on nanostructured catalysts' surface and plays key roles in hindering deactivation under moisture rich conditions. The progresses offer a promising way in the development of novel spinel oxides with tailored architecture and properties for vast applications.
Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization after the initial flush of CO2
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J.
Published: February 2020

Soil health evaluation with biological activity requires standardization for greater understanding across environments. Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) may be an important indicator of soil N availability, but how it relates to long‐term soil N mineralization (NMIN) has not been documented. This study evaluated short‐ and longer‐term C and N mineralization in five soils from Georgia and North Carolina to validate associations between STBA and net NMIN. Although mathematical descriptions of cumulative C mineralization (CMIN) were logical and consistent among soil types, descriptions of net NMIN were complicated by the need to fit to single and double exponential models for different soil types. Rather than relying on exponential model fitting, emphasis on associations between linked processes of CMIN and NMIN resulted in simple, logical, and relatable interpretations. Soil‐test biological activity is a simple, rapid, and robust indicator that shows strong association with soil NMIN for up to 150 d.
2020 Roadmap on Carbon Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
Authors: Wu Mingguang , Liao Jiaqin , Yu Lingxiao , Lv Ruitao , Li Peng , Sun Wenping , Tan Rou , Duan Xiaochuan , Zhang Lei , Li Fang , Kim Jiyoung , Shin Kang Ho , Seok Park Ho , Zhang Wenchao , Guo Zaiping , Wang Haitao , Tang Yongbing , Gorgolis George , Galiotis Costas , Ma Jianmin
Published: February 2020

Carbon is a simple, stable and popular element with many allotropes. The carbon family members include carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene, graphite, graphdiyne and hard carbon, etc. They can be divided into different dimensions, and their structures can be open and porous. Moreover, it is very interesting to dope them with other elements (metal or non‐metal) or hybridize them with other materials to form composites. The elemental and structural characteristics offer us to explore their applications in energy, environment, bioscience, medicine, electronics and others. Among them, energy storage and conversion are extremely attractive, as advances in this area may improve our life quality and environment. Some energy devices will be included herein, such as lithium‐ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, potassium‐ion batteries, dual ion batteries, electrochemical capacitors, and others. Additionally, carbon‐based electrocatalysts are also studied in hydrogen evolution reaction and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. However, there are still many challenges in the design and preparation of electrode and electrocatalytic materials. The research related to carbon materials for energy storage and conversion is extremely active, and this has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ‘Carbon Materials in Energy Storage and Conversion’.
Community group membership protects the well‐being of adults experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage
Authors: Haslam Catherine , Cruwys Tegan , Chang Melissa Xue‐Ling , Eckley Bethany , Buckingham Heather , Channon Elizabeth
Published: February 2020

The present research examined the mechanisms through which community groups improve well‐being in adults (N = 156) experiencing socio‐economic disadvantage. Analysis showed that joining a group improved outcomes by enhancing people's group identification and wider sense of belonging to multiple groups and that this effect was stronger for more socio‐economically disadvantaged participants.
Percutaneous edge‐to‐edge repair for common atrioventricular valve regurgitation in a patient with heterotaxy syndrome, single ventricle physiology, and unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect
Authors: Tan Weiyi , Calfon Press Marcella , Lluri Gentian , Aboulhosn Jamil
Published: February 2020

Congenital heart disease patients, specifically with unbalanced atrioventricular septal defects and common atrioventricular valves requiring single ventricle palliation, have substantial morbidity and mortality. Atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR) is associated with poor outcomes in single ventricle patients, and many of them require surgical treatment of AVVR in their lifetimes. We describe a unique case of transcatheter edge‐to‐edge valve repair using the MitraClip system (Abbott, Chicago, IL) in a single ventricle patient with severe common AVVR.
Insights into the Distance Dependence of Electron Transfer through Conformationally Constrained Peptides
Authors: Zuliani Claudio , Formaggio Fernando , Scipionato Laura , Toniolo Claudio , Antonello Sabrina , Maran Flavio
Published: February 2020

Understanding the distance dependence of electron transfer (ET) through peptides is a topic of continuous interest. We studied a series of donor‐bridge‐acceptor (D‐B‐A) systems. The peptide bridges (B) were oligomers of the strongly helicogenic α‐aminoisobutyric acid, and were prepared in different lengths to form 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 intramolecular H‐bonds. D was a phthalimide group and A was a perester. The study was carried out in DMF, acetonitrile, and dichloromethane. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and convolution analysis of the model donors and acceptor yielded the relevant thermodynamic information, whereas homogenous redox catalysis provided information on the competitive intermolecular ET. CV analysis of the D‐B‐A systems showed that, independently of the solvent used, the intramolecular ET occurs by a superexchange mechanism strongly affected by intramolecular H‐bonds and the extent of conjugation of the peptide bridge with D and A.
Synthesis of Chiral β‐Lactams by Pd‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Amidation of Methylene C(sp3)–H Bonds Enabled by a 2‐Pyridylisopropyl Auxiliary†
Authors: Han Ye‐Qiang , Zhou Tao
Published: February 2020

Qiang Yue, Xu Yang, Meng‐Xue Jiang, Bing‐Feng Shi, Tao Zhou, Yi Ding and Ye‐Qiang Han (from left to right).

Mr. Tao Zhou is currently a postdoctoral fellow in the group of Prof. Bing‐Feng Shi in Zhejiang University.

Mr. Ye‐Qiang Han is currently a fourth‐year PhD student in the group of Prof. Bing‐Feng Shi in Zhejiang University.
Biodegradation by Co‐inoculated Bacteria and Fungi Alleviates Adverse Effects of Red‐S3B on Growth and Nitrogen Uptake of Wheat
Authors: Shakeel Maryam , Imran Muhammad , Ashraf Muhammad , Ullah Najeeb
Published: February 2020

Textile wastewater contains huge quantities of nitrogen (N)‐containing azo‐dyes. Irrigation of crops with such wastewater adds toxic dyes into our healthy soils. One of the ways to prevent their entry to soils could be these waters after the dyes' biodegradation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of textile dyes on wheat growth, dye degradation efficiency of bacteria‐fungi consortium, and alleviation of dye toxicity in wheat by treatment with microbial consortium. Among dyes, Red‐S3B (3.19% N) was found to be the most toxic to germination and growth of seven‐day‐old wheat seedlings. Shewanella sp. NIAB‐BM15 and Aspergillus terreus NIAB‐FM10 were found to be efficient degraders of Red‐S3B. Their consortium completely decolorized 500 mg L−1 Red‐S3B within 4 h. Irrigation with Red‐S3B‐contaminated water after treatment with developed consortium increased root length, shoot length, root biomass, and shoot biomass of 30‐day‐old wheat seedlings by 47, 18, 6, and 25%, respectively, than untreated water. Moreover, irrigation after microbial treatment of dye‐contaminated water resulted in 20 and 51% increase in shoot N content and N uptake, respectively, than untreated water. Thus, co‐inoculation of bacteria and fungi could be a useful bioremediation strategy for the treatment of azo‐dye‐polluted water.
Antidepressant, including TCA, prescribing up in Canadian children and adolescents
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: February 2020

Antidepressant prescribing for Canadian children is increasing, with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), the most frequently prescribed medication, which was not surprising. However, there is also an increase in prescribing of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), which, for a pediatric population, is unexpected. And most often, the TCAs — which are toxic at high doses — are being prescribed for a condition other than depression. According to a study published in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, one of the only ones looking at antidepressant prescribing in Canada for children following the 2004 warning of suicidal ideation, which was followed by a decrease in prescribing and a subsequent increase in suicides, antidepressant prescribing is on the increase.
A closed loop inductorless equalizer with a modified analysis of power comparator behaviour
Authors: Talluri Govardhana Rao , Shojaei Baghini Maryam
Published: February 2020

Inductorless circuits are gaining advantage in radio frequency (RF) and high‐speed serial link circuits due to the reduced silicon area. This paper presents an inductorless adaptive analog equalizer using an adaptive hybrid filter comprising integrated low pass and high pass filter. The equalizer, designed and fabricated in 180‐nm CMOS technology, is able to adjust the high‐frequency boost (HFB) and cutoff frequency of the internal filters depending on the data rate and the channel loss. The presented equalizer operates at data rates more than 4 Gbps in post‐layout simulation without electrostatic discharge (ESD) and package parasitics. For the test purposes, the equalizer has been packaged in QFN 64 pin package and hence the measurement results are up to 3.125 Gbps. The measurement results show that the equalizer is able to adapt the HFB for the channel losses as high as 5 dB. Average dissipated power of the equalizer at 3.125 Gbps is 18 mW with 1.8‐V supply. After reading this chapter you should be able to understand the merits of the proposed hybrid filter compared with the conventional RC filters in the adaptive equalizer using spectrum balancing technique; theoretical analysis and the impact of short channel effects on the performance of the power comparator; and test results of the adaptive equalizer using the proposed hybrid filter in the spectrum balancing technique.
New genome assembly of the barn owl (Tyto alba alba)
Authors: Ducrest Anne‐Lyse , Neuenschwander Samuel , Schmid‐Siegert Emanuel , Pagni Marco , Train Clément , Dylus David , Nevers Yannis , Warwick Vesztrocy Alex , San‐Jose Luis M. , Dupasquier Mélanie , Dessimoz Christophe , Xenarios Ioannis , Roulin Alexandre , Goudet Jérôme
Published: February 2020

New genomic tools open doors to study ecology, evolution, and population genomics of wild animals. For the Barn owl species complex, a cosmopolitan nocturnal raptor, a very fragmented draft genome was assembled for the American species (Tyto furcata pratincola) (Jarvis et al. 2014). To improve the genome, we assembled de novo Illumina and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) long reads sequences of its European counterpart (Tyto alba alba). This genome assembly of 1.219 Gbp comprises 21,509 scaffolds and results in a N50 of 4,615,526 bp. BUSCO (Universal Single‐Copy Orthologs) analysis revealed an assembly completeness of 94.8% with only 1.8% of the genes missing out of 4,915 avian orthologs searched, a proportion similar to that found in the genomes of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) or the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis). By mapping the reads of the female American barn owl to the male European barn owl reads, we detected several structural variants and identified 70 Mbp of the Z chromosome. The barn owl scaffolds were further mapped to the chromosomes of the zebra finch. In addition, the completeness of the European barn owl genome is demonstrated with 94 of 128 proteins missing in the chicken genome retrieved in the European barn owl transcripts. This improved genome will help future barn owl population genomic investigations.
Community structure and functional group of root‐associated Fungi of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica across stand ages in the Mu Us Desert
Authors: Zhao Pei‐shan , Guo Mi‐shan , Gao Guang‐lei , Zhang Ying , Ding Guo‐dong , Ren Yue , Akhtar Mobeen
Published: February 2020

Root‐associated fungi (RAF) are an important factor affecting the host's growth, and their contribution to Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation decline is substantial. Therefore, we selected three age groups of P. sylvestris plantations (26, 33, and 43 years), in the Mu Us Desert, to characterize the community structure and functional groups of RAF, identified by Illumina high‐throughput sequencing and FUNGuild platform, respectively. The effects of soil properties and enzyme activities on fungal diversity and functional groups were also examined. The results indicated that (a) 805 operational taxonomic units of RAF associated with P. sylvestris belonged to six phyla and 163 genera. Diversity and richness were not significantly different in the three age groups, but community composition showed significant differences. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota dominated the fungal community, while Rhizopogon dominated in each plot. (b) The proportion of pathotrophs decreased with increasing age, while that of symbiotrophs increased sharply, which were mainly represented by ectomycorrhizal fungi. (c) Stand age and soil enzyme activity had a greater influence on fungal community composition than did soil properties, whereas environmental variables were not significantly correlated with fungal diversity and richness. Dynamics of fungal community composition and functional groups with the aging plantations reflected the growth state of P. sylvestris and were related to plantation degradation.
Using isotopes to incorporate tree water storage and mixing dynamics into a distributed ecohydrologic modelling framework
Authors: Knighton James , Kuppel Sylvain , Smith Aaron , Soulsby Chris , Sprenger Matthias , Tetzlaff Doerthe
Published: February 2020

Root water uptake (RWU) by vegetation influences the partitioning of water between transpiration, evaporation, percolation, and surface runoff. Measurements of stable isotopes in water have facilitated estimates of the depth distribution of RWU for various tree species through methodologies based on end member mixing analysis (EMMA). EMMA often assumes that the isotopic composition of tree‐stored xylem water (δXYLEM) is representative of the isotopic composition of RWU (δRWU). We tested this assumption within the framework of EcH2O‐iso, a process‐based distributed tracer‐aided ecohydrologic model, applied to a small temperate catchment with a vegetation cover of coniferous eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and deciduous American beech (Fagus grandifolia). We simulated three scenarios for tree water storage and mixing: (a) zero storage (ZS), (b) storage with a well‐mixed reservoir (WM), and (c) storage with piston flow (PF). Simulating tree storage (WM and PF) improved the fit to δXYLEMobservations over ZS in the summer and fall seasons and substantially altered calibrated RWU depths and stomatal conductance. Our results suggest that there are likely to be advantages to considering tree storage and internal mixing when attempting to interpret δXYLEMin the estimation of RWU depths and critical zone water residence times, particularly during periods of low transpiration. Improved representations of tree water dynamics could yield more accurate ecohydrologic and earth system model representations of the critical zone.
Potentially functional genetic variants in PLIN2, SULT2A1 and UGT1A9 genes of the ketone pathway and survival of nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Dongfang , Zhao Yu C. , Liu Hongliang , Luo Sheng , Clarke Jeffrey M. , Glass Carolyn , Su Li , Shen Sipeng , Christiani David C. , Gao Wen , Wei Qingyi
Published: February 2020

The ketone metabolism pathway is a principle procedure in physiological homeostasis and induces cancer cells to switch between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation for energy production. We conducted a two‐phase analysis for associations between genetic variants in the ketone metabolism pathway genes and survival of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by analyzing genotyping data from two published genome‐wide association studies (GWASs). In the discovery, we used a genotyping dataset from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial in the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. We used Bayesian false discovery probability (≤0.80) for multiple testing correction to evaluate associations between 25,819 (2,176 genotyped and 23,643 imputed) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 162 genes and survival of 1,185 NSCLC patients. Subsequently, we validated the identified significant SNPs with an additional 984 NSCLC patients from the Harvard Lung Cancer Susceptibility GWAS study. Finally, we found that three independent and potentially functional SNPs in three different genes (i.e., PLIN2 rs7867814 G>A, SULT2A1 rs2547235 C>T and UGT1A9 rs2011404 C>T) were independently associated with risk of death from NSCLC, with a combined hazards ratio of 1.22 [95% confidence interval = 1.09–1.36 and p = 0.0003], 0.82 (0.74–0.91 and p = 0.0002) and 1.21 (1.10–1.33 and p = 0.0001), respectively. Additional expression quantitative trait loci analysis found that the survival‐associated PLIN2 rs7867814 GA + AA genotypes, but not the genotypes of other two SNPs, were significantly associated with increased mRNA expression levels (p = 0.005). These results indicated that PLIN2 variants may be potential predictors of NSCLC survival through regulating the PLIN2 expression.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ENVISAGED CLIMATE CHANGES IN LIGHT OF THE ICID VISION 2030
Authors: Watanabe Tsugihiro
Published: February 2020

Climate change brings about changes of precipitation pattern, and consequently management of flood and drought risk and water resources becomes an urgent subject. Changes in local hydrological regimes affect the available water resources, which require modification of agricultural water management (AWM). These changes inevitably influence food production, poverty conditions and social stability. On the other hand, to mitigate climate change, the energy used for water use should be reduced.

With this context, AWM is drawn into the climate change issue. The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) released its Vision 2030, for better and wiser AWM aimed at a society free of poverty and hunger.

In this paper, the challenges of climate change issues for the ICID community are reviewed as the current subjects of AWM in the light of ICID Vision 2030 and the Action Plan for it. In its processes, the complexity of the climate change issue and the uncertainty of impact assessment and future projection are confirmed. Even with these constraints, immediate actions are needed, and with increasing available information, society should formulate a system for the co‐design or co‐production of stakeholders at different levels against the changing climate. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of TiC particles on the oxidation behavior of 2Cr13 stainless steel in a simulated marine environment at 550°C
Authors: Xu Yang , Wu Qianlin , Zheng Haitian , Huang Liangjun , Zhong Ning , Fan Chunhua
Published: February 2020

In this study, the oxidation behavior of 2Cr13 stainless steels with/without TiC particles was investigated in a simulated marine environment at 550°C. The results showed that TiC particles greatly accelerated the oxidation rate of 2Cr13 steel during the cyclic oxidation reaction. At the same time, the effect of acceleration was alleviated by the small size and uniform distribution of TiC particles. As galvanic corrosion in the vicinity of TiC particles occurred in 3.5% NaCl solution spray, more NaCl particles deposited on the alloy surface, especially in the area around TiC particles. At 550°C, some shell‐like oxidation products were generated on the 2Cr13 steel surface due to TiC addition, and then the porous oxidation products provided poor protective ability. Besides, the defect and stress in the oxide scale was reduced due to the small size and uniform distribution of TiC particles in 2Cr13 steel.