bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diurnal variations in oxygen and nitrogen isotopes of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and nitrate: implications for tracing NOx oxidation pathways and emission sources
Authors: Albertin Sarah , Savarino Joël , Bekki Slimane , Barbero Albane , Grilli Roberto , Fournier Quentin , Ventrillard Irène , Caillon Nicolas , Law Kathy
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The oxygen (Δ17O) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic compositions of atmospheric nitrate (NO3-) are widely used as tracers of its formation pathways, precursor (nitrogen oxides (NOx) ≡ nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) emission sources, and physico-chemical processing. However, the lack of observations on the multi-isotopic composition of NO2 perpetuates significant uncertainties regarding the quantitative links between the isotopic composition of NOx and NO3-, which ultimately may bias inferences about NO3- formation processes and the distribution of sources, particularly in winter urban atmospheres. We report here on the first simultaneous atmospheric observations of Δ17O and δ15N in NO2 (n=16) and NO3- (n=14). The measurements were carried out at sub-daily (∼3 h) resolution over 2 non-consecutive days in an Alpine city in February 2021. A strong diurnal signal is observed in both NO2 and NO3- multi-isotopic composition. Δ17O of NO2 and NO3- ranges from 19.6 ‰ to 40.8 ‰ and from 18.3 ‰ to 28.1 ‰, respectively. During the day and night, the variability in Δ17O(NO2) is mainly driven by the oxidation of NO by ozone, with a substantial contribution from peroxy radicals in the morning. NO3- mass balance equations, constrained by observed Δ17O(NO2), suggest that during the first day of sampling, most of the NO3- was formed locally from the oxidation of NO2 by hydroxyl radicals by day and via heterogeneous hydrolysis of dinitrogen pentoxide at night. For the second day, calculated and observed Δ17O(NO3-) do not match, particularly daytime values; the possible effects on Δ17O(NO3-) of a Saharan dust event that occurred during this sampling period and of winter boundary layer dynamics are discussed. δ15N of NO2 and NO3- ranges from −10.0 ‰ to 19.7 ‰ and from −4.2 ‰ to 14.9 ‰, respectively. Consistent with theoretical predictions of N isotope fractionation, the observed variability in δ15N(NO2) is explained by significant post-emission equilibrium N fractionation. After accounting for this effect, vehicle exhaust is found to be the primary source of NOx emissions at the sampling site. δ15N(NO3-) is closely linked to δ15N(NO2) variability, bringing further support to relatively fast and local NOx processing. Uncertainties in current N fractionation factors during NO2 to NO3- conversion are underlined. Overall, this detailed investigation highlights the potential and necessity of simultaneously using Δ17O and δ15N in NO2 and NO3- in order to better constrain quantitative inferences about the sources and formation chemistry of NO3- in urban environments in winter.
Air quality and radiative impacts of downward-propagating sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs)
Authors: Williams Ryan S. , Hegglin Michaela I. , Jöckel Patrick , Garny Hella , Shine Keith P.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are abrupt disturbances to the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex that can lead to pronounced regional changes in surface temperature and precipitation. SSWs also strongly impact the distribution of chemical constituents within the stratosphere, but the implications of these changes for stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE) and radiative effects in the upper troposphere–lower stratosphere (UTLS) have not been extensively studied. Here we show, based on a specified-dynamics simulations from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts – Hamburg (ECHAM)/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) chemistry–climate model, that SSWs lead to a pronounced increase in high-latitude ozone just above the tropopause (>25 % relative to climatology), persisting for up to 50 d for the ∼50 % of events classified as downward propagating following Hitchcock et al. (2013). This anomalous feature in lowermost-stratospheric ozone is verified from ozone sonde soundings and using the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) atmospheric composition reanalysis product. A significant dipole anomaly (>± 25 %) in water vapour also persists in this region for up to 75 d, with a drying signal above a region of moistening, also evident within the CAMS reanalysis. An enhancement in STE leads to a significant 5 %–10 % increase in near-surface ozone of stratospheric origin over the Arctic, with a typical time lag between 20 and 80 d. The signal also propagates to mid-latitudes, leading to significant enhancements in UTLS ozone and also, with weakened strength, in free tropospheric and near-surface ozone up to 90 d after the event. In quantifying the potential significance for surface air quality breaches above ozone regulatory standards, a risk enhancement of up to a factor of 2 to 3 is calculated following such events. The chemical composition perturbations in the Arctic UTLS result in radiatively driven Arctic stratospheric temperature changes of around 2 K. An idealized sensitivity evaluation highlights the changing radiative importance of both ozone and water vapour perturbations with seasonality. Our results highlight that, whilst any background increase in near-surface ozone due to SSW-related stratosphere-to-troposphere (STT) transport is likely to be small, this could be of greater importance locally (e.g. mountainous regions more susceptible to elevated ozone levels). Accurate representation of UTLS composition (namely ozone and water vapour), through its effects on local temperatures, may also help improve numerical weather prediction forecasts on sub-seasonal to seasonal timescales.
An overview of the vertical structure of the atmospheric boundary layer in the central Arctic during MOSAiC
Authors: Jozef Gina C. , Cassano John J. , Dahlke Sandro , Dice Mckenzie , Cox Christopher J. , de Boer Gijs
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Observations collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) provide an annual cycle of the vertical thermodynamic and kinematic structure of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) in the central Arctic. A self-organizing map (SOM) analysis conducted using radiosonde observations shows a range in the Arctic ABL vertical structure from very shallow and stable, with a strong surface-based virtual potential temperature (θv) inversion, to deep and near neutral, capped by a weak elevated θv inversion. The patterns identified by the SOM allowed for the derivation of criteria to categorize stability within and just above the ABL, which revealed that the Arctic ABL during MOSAiC was stable and near neutral with similar frequencies, and there was always a θv inversion within the lowest 1 km, which usually had strong to moderate stability. In conjunction with observations from additional measurement platforms, including a 10 m meteorological tower, ceilometer, and microwave radiometer, the radiosonde observations and SOM analysis provide insight into the relationships between atmospheric vertical structure and stability, as well as a variety of atmospheric thermodynamic and kinematic features. A low-level jet was observed in 76 % of the radiosondes, with stronger winds and low-level jet (LLJ) core located more closely to the ABL corresponding with weaker stability. Wind shear within the ABL was found to decrease, and friction velocity was found to increase, with decreasing ABL stability. Clouds were observed within the 30 min preceding the radiosonde launch 64 % of the time. These were typically low clouds, corresponding to weaker stability, where high clouds or no clouds largely coincided with a stable ABL.
Multi-salinity core flooding study in clay-bearing sandstones, a contribution to geothermal reservoir characterisation
Authors: Navarro-Perez Daniela , Fisher Quentin , Allshorn Samuel , Grattoni Carlos , Lorinczi Piroska
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Porosity and permeability measurements aid the characterisation of geothermal reservoirs as they improve understanding of the impact of rock–fluid interactions during the life cycle of wells. Core flooding experiments can help us comprehend the rock–brine electrochemical system as critical parameters like salinity, pH, temperature, or pressure change. If the clay mineral content is significant it can reduce permeability and porosity since these particles can block the pore throat network connectivity through clay migration or swelling. A multi-salinity experiment was conducted in three tight clay-bearing (kaolinite, chlorite, and glauconite) sandstones to study the impact of clay on their petrophysical properties. The experiment consisted of core-flooding brines with salinities of 75 000–200 000 and 0–50 000 ppm NaCl at very low flow rates. Electrical resistivity, the differential pressure across the sample, outlet brine electrical conductivity, and brine permeability were measured. Pore size distribution was acquired by measuring nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) T2 relaxation time. Cation-exchange capacity (CEC) was derived using the Waxman and Smits (1968) approach. The derived CECs were 71.5, 4.7, and 3.6 meq per 100 g for the kaolinite, chlorite, and glauconite sandstones, respectively. Kaolinite was the least water-sensitive as its permeability decreased uniformly. Chlorite and glauconite were more water-sensitive as in the low salinity range; their permeability increased, and both displayed a bimodal NMR T2 distribution and pore size rearrangement towards the mesoporosity and macroporosity range, indicating that the cation-exchange site prevailed within the pore space. This investigation highlights the importance of ensuring that appropriate fluid chemistry is used on brines flowing in clay-bearing geothermal reservoirs.
Evaluation of five models for constructing forest NPP–age relationships in China based on 3121 field survey samples
Authors: Li Peng , Shang Rong , Chen Jing M. , Xu Mingzhu , Lin Xudong , Yu Guirui , He Nianpeng , Xu Li
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Forest net primary productivity (NPP), representing the net carbon gain from the atmosphere, varies significantly with forest age. Reliable forest NPP–age relationships are essential for forest carbon cycle modeling and prediction. These relationships can be derived from forest inventory or field survey data, but it is unclear which model is the most effective in simulating forest NPP variation with age. Here, we aim to establish NPP–age relationships for China's forests based on 3121 field survey samples. Five models, including the semi-empirical mathematical (SEM) function, the second-degree polynomial (SDP) function, the logarithmic (L) function, the Michaelis–Menten (M) function, and the Γ function, were compared against field data. Results of the comparison showed that the SEM and Γ functions performed much better than the other three models, but due to the limited field survey samples at old ages, the Γ function showed a sharp decrease in NPP (decreased to almost zero) at old ages when building some forest NPP–age curves, while SEM could capture the variations in forest NPP at old ages reasonably well. Considering the overall performance with currently available forest field survey samples, SEM was regarded as the optimal NPP–age model. The finalized forest NPP–age curves for five forest types in six regions of China can facilitate forest carbon cycle modeling and future projection by using the process-based Integrated Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon (InTEC) model in China and may also be useful for other regions.
Accumulation rates over the past 260 years archived in Elbrus ice core, Caucasus
Authors: Mikhalenko Vladimir , Kutuzov Stanislav , Toropov Pavel , Legrand Michel , Sokratov Sergey , Chernyakov Gleb , Lavrentiev Ivan , Preunkert Susanne , Kozachek Anna , Vorobiev Mstislav , Khairedinova Aleksandra , Lipenkov Vladimir
Published: January 2024

Abstract. In this study, we present a seasonally resolved accumulation record spanning from 1750 to 2009 Common Era (CE), based on a 181.8 m ice core obtained from the Elbrus Western Plateau in the Caucasus. We implemented various methods to account for uncertainties associated with glacier flow, layer thinning, and dating. Additionally, we applied a novel approach to calculate a seasonal calendar for meteorological data, enabling comparison with ice core records. The reconstructed accumulation data were compared with available meteorological data, gridded precipitation records, and paleo-reanalysis data. Reconstructed accumulation is representative for a large region south of the Eastern European plain and Black Sea region with summer precipitation being the primary driver of precipitation variability. We identified a statistically significant relationship between changes in regional precipitation and fluctuations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, which is, however, not stable over the entire period covered by the ice core.
Heimite, PbCu2(AsO4)(OH)3 ⋅ 2H2O, a new mineral from the Grosses Chalttal deposit, Switzerland
Authors: Malcherek Thomas , Mihailova Boriana , Schlüter Jochen , Roth Philippe , Meisser Nicolas
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The new mineral heimite (IMA2022-019), PbCu2(AsO4)(OH)3 ⋅ 2H2O, was found at the Grosses Chalttal deposit, Mürtschenalp district, Glarus, Switzerland, where it occurs as a secondary mineral associated mainly with bayldonite and chrysocolla. Heimite forms lath-like, prismatic transparent crystals of green or pale-blue colour. It has a pale-green streak and a vitreous-to-silky lustre. The calculated density is 4.708 g cm−3. The empirical formula based on nine O atoms per formula unit is Pb1.04Ca0.03Cu2.10As1.10H6.14O9. Heimite is pseudo-orthorhombic, with monoclinic symmetry; space group P21/n; and unit cell parameters a=5.9132(5), b=7.8478(6) and c=16.8158(15) Å and β=90.007(6)∘, V=780.33(8) Å3 and Z=4. The five strongest lines in the calculated powder diffraction pattern are (d in Å(I)hkl) as follows: 8.425(100)002, 3.713(60)014, 3.276(54)120, 3.221(42)023 and 2.645(61)016. The crystal structure, refined to R1=2.75 % for 1869 reflections with I>3σ(I), is based on chains of edge-sharing, Jahn–Teller-distorted CuO6 octahedra, laterally connected by AsO4 tetrahedra and sixfold coordinated Pb atoms. The resulting layers are stacked along [001]. Interlayer hydrogen bonding is mediated by hydrogen atoms that belong to OH groups and to H2O, mutually participating in the Cu coordination. The crystal structure of heimite is related to that of duftite, and both minerals are found epitactically intergrown at the type locality.
The Rock Garden: a preliminary assessment of how campus-based field skills training impacts student confidence in real-world fieldwork
Authors: Wong Hearing Thomas W. , Dewaele Stijn , Albers Stijn , De Weirdt Julie , De Batist Marc
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The Rock Garden is a new on-campus field skills training resource at Ghent University that was developed to increase the accessibility of geological field skills training and to provide students with more opportunities for such training. Developing specific field skills is integral to geoscience education and is typically concentrated into whole-day or longer field courses. These field courses have exceptional educational value, as they draw together multiple strands of classroom theory and practical laboratory learning. However, field courses are expensive and time-intensive to run, and they can present physical, financial, and cultural barriers to accessing geoscience education. Moreover, the relative infrequency of field courses over a degree programme means that key skills go unused for long intervals and that students can lose confidence in their application of these skills. To tackle the inaccessibility of field skills training, made more pronounced in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we built the Rock Garden: an artificial geological mapping training area that emulates a real-world mapping exercise in Belgium. We have integrated the Rock Garden into our geological mapping training courses and have used it to partially mitigate the disadvantages related to COVID-19 travel restrictions. Using the Rock Garden as a refresher exercise before a real-world geological mapping exercise increased students' confidence in their field skills, and students whose education was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic produced work of a similar quality to students from pre-pandemic cohorts. Developing a campus-based resource makes field training locally accessible, giving students more opportunities to practise their field skills and, consequently, more confidence in their abilities.
Modeling collision–coalescence in particle microphysics: numerical convergence of mean and variance of precipitation in cloud simulations using the University of Warsaw Lagrangian Cloud Model (UWLCM) 2.1
Authors: Zmijewski Piotr , Dziekan Piotr , Pawlowska Hanna
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Numerical convergence of the collision–coalescence algorithm used in Lagrangian particle-based microphysics is studied in 2D simulations of an isolated cumulus congestus (CC) and in box and multi-box simulations of collision–coalescence. Parameters studied are the time step for coalescence and the number of super-droplets (SDs) per cell. A time step of 0.1 s gives converged droplet size distribution (DSD) in box simulations and converged mean precipitation in CC. Variances of the DSD and of precipitation are not sensitive to the time step. In box simulations, mean DSD converges for 103 SDs per cell, but variance of the DSD does not converge as it decreases with an increasing number of SDs. Fewer SDs per cell are required for convergence of the mean DSD in multi-box simulations, probably thanks to mixing of SDs between cells. In CC simulations, more SDs are needed for convergence than in box or multi-box simulations. Mean precipitation converges for 5×103 SDs, but only in a strongly precipitating cloud. In cases with little precipitation, mean precipitation does not converge even for 105 SDs per cell. Variance in precipitation between independent CC runs is more sensitive to the resolved flow field than to the stochasticity in collision–coalescence of SDs, even when using as few as 50 SDs per cell.
Rain-on-snow responses to warmer Pyrenees: a sensitivity analysis using a physically based snow hydrological model
Authors: Bonsoms Josep , López-Moreno Juan I. , Alonso-González Esteban , Deschamps-Berger César , Oliva Marc
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Climate warming is changing the magnitude, timing, and spatial patterns of mountain snowpacks. A warmer atmosphere may also induce precipitation phase shifts, resulting in a decreased snowfall fraction (Sf). The combination of Sf and snowpack directly influences the frequency and intensity of rain-on-snow (ROS) events, a common cause of flash-flood events in snow-dominated regions. In this work, we investigate ROS patterns and their sensitivity to temperature and precipitation changes in the Pyrenees by modeling ROS through a physically based snow model. This model is forced with reanalysis climate data for elevations of 1500, 1800, and 2400 m perturbed using a range of temperature and precipitation values consistent with 21st century climate projections. ROS patterns are characterized by their frequency, rainfall quantity, and snow ablation. The highest ROS frequency for the historical climate period (1980–2019) is found in the 2400 m zones of the southwest Pyrenees (17 d yr−1). The maximum ROS rainfall amount is detected in 1800 m areas of the southeast (45 mm d−1, autumn), whereas the highest ROS ablation is found in the 2400 m zones of the northwest (−10 cm d−1, summer). When air temperature increases from 1 to 4 ∘C compared to the historical climate period, ROS rainfall amount and frequency increase at a constant rate during winter and early spring for all elevation zones. For the rest of the seasons, non-linear responses of ROS frequency and ablation to warming are found. Overall, ROS frequency decreases in the shoulders of the season across eastern low-elevation zones due to snow cover depletion. However, ROS increases in cold, high-elevation zones where long-lasting snow cover exists until late spring. Similarly, warming induces greater ROS ablation (+10 % ∘C−1) during the coldest months of the season, 2400 m elevations, and northern sectors, where the deepest snow depths are found. In contrast, small differences in ROS ablation are found for warm and marginal snowpacks. These results highlight the different ROS responses to warming across the mountain range, suggest similar ROS sensitivities in near-mid-latitude zones, and will help anticipate future ROS impacts in hydrological, environmental, and socioeconomic mountain systems.
الصعوبات التي تواجه الأستاذ الجامعي في الجنوب الليبي في ظل الأوضاع التي تمر بها الدولة الليبية و جائحة كورونا
Authors: مبروكة عبدالله احمد محمد  , سالمة احمودة حسن مسعود
Published: January 2024

إن يتحدد عنوان البحث في  الصعوبات التي تواجه الأستاذ الجامعي بالجنوب الليبي في تطبيق برنامج التعليم الالكتروني في ظل الظروف التي تمر بها الدولة الليبية و جائحة كورونا.
حيث هدف البحث إلى :
يهدف البحث الي التعرف على الصعوبات التي تواجه الاستاذ الجامعي في تطبيق برنامج التعليم الالكتروني في ظل الظروف التي تمر بها الدولة الليبية وجائحة كورونا.
حيث قامت الباحثتان بإعداد استمارة استبيان متكونة من 30 فقرة . وتحقيقا لأغراض البحث العلمي تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ، وتكونت العينة من ( 60) مبحوث بين ذكور وإناث من كليات مختلفة تم اختيارها بطريقة عشوائية. واستخدمت الأساليب الإحصائية الجدول التكراري والنسب المئوية.
 وكانت نتائج البحث كالتالي:
1/بينت النتائج ان نسبة 90% من المبحوثين طبقوا برنامج التعليم الالكتروني  وكذلك بينت النتائج وجود عدة صعوبات واجهت الاستاذ الجامعي بالجنوب الليبي عند تطبيقه برنامج التعليم الالكتروني من حيث إنه لا يتماشى مع الظروف الراهنة لدولة الليبية.
2/بينت النتائج بنسبة 90%  ان الظروف الحالية للبلاد من انقطاع الكهرباء وانقطاع خدمات الانترنيت لا تتماشى مع فكرة تطبيق التعليم الالكتروني.
/3بينت الدراسات بنسبة  33.3 من المبحوثين ا ن الادارة كانت داعمة يد بيد الاستاذ الجامعي والطالب و بنسبة 66.7 من المبحوثين بينت ان الادارة لم تكن داعمة وهذه النتيجة تبين نفي اغلب أعضاء هيئة التدريس مساعدة الادارة والمسؤولين لهم.
4/بينت النتائج بنسبة 93% من المبحوثين ان الادارة لم توفر كافة وسائل المساعدة كذلك لم تنظر الي ظروفهم.
5/اكدت نتائج البحث بنسبة 83% من المبحوثين ان ظروف الجنوب الليبي لا تتماشى مع فكرة تطبيق برنامج التعليم الالكتروني.
6/ بينت نتائج البحث بنسبة 87% من المبحوثين طالبو باعتماد التعليم الالكتروني الي جانب التعليم التقليدي مستقبلا.
برنامج علاج معرفي سلوكي إرشادي لخفض سمات العدوانية لدي الأحداث الجانحين (دراسة حالة اكلينيكية)
Authors: اجطيلاوي اعناية ضو محمد معتوق
Published: January 2024

يهدف البحث إلى خفض سمات العدوانية لدى الأحداث الجانحين، ذلك من خلال الكشف عن فاعلية برنامج علاجي معرفي سلوكي إرشادي، اعتمدت فيه الباحثة المنهج العيادي الإكلينيكي الذي يعتمد على دراسة حالة يتعرض فيها الفرد لتأثير برنامج علاجي معرفي سلوكي إرشادي مكون من (12) جلسة علاجية إرشادية، والمتوقع منه احداث تغير سيطرأ علي الحالة يرجع الى فاعلية البرنامج المستخدم، اضافة الى ذلك اعتمدت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لوصف التغيرات الإكلينيكية التي تحدث للحالة. البرنامج استهدف حالة لحدث جانح ذكر عمره 15 سنة يدرس في الصف التاسع من التعليم الأساسي، في حالة صحية جيدة ولا يعاني من أي إعاقة حسيه أو حركية أو عقلية وفي مستوى اقتصادي متدنٍ نوعاً ما، يعيش مع أب وام تعمل كربة بيت. وفد اعتمدت الباحثة لجمع البيانات على أدوات مثل: المقابلة والملاحظة بأنواعها، والتقارير الذاتية، وتقارير الآخرين حول الحالة، وسلالم التقدير، وقوائم الشطب، وجداول الرصد، والسجلات اليومية، والمقاييس النفسية، بالإضافة إلي البرنامج الإرشادي العلاجي (إعداد الباحثة)، باستخدام القياس البعدي والتتبعي. وكانت أهم نتائج البحث انخفاض جيد في حدة  السمات والسلوكيات المستهدفة بالتعديل والانفعالات المصاحبة و أصبح  الحدث أكثر تفاعلا مع الآخرين في الوسط الاجتماعي والمدرسي، الى جانب ذلك لوحظ تحسنٌ في علاقته مع الإخوان  والزملاء واستمر ذلك التحسن إلى أكثر من شهر.
مسرحية TURBAR TARABULUS لأحمد كَنُو دراسة نقدية واقعية
Authors: شعيب مصطفى  , بلال وقاسم محمود
Published: January 2024

هذه المقالة عبارة عن محاولة لدراسة مسرحية Turbar Tarabulusلأحمد كَنُو دراسة نقدية واقعية، وذلك لإلقاء ضوء كاشف على تلك العلاقات التجارية القديمة القائمة بين طرابلس ومدينة كَنُو، وما تمتاز به من عادات وتقاليد، وقد لاحظ الباحث أن معظم الدارسين لم يعيروا هذا الجانب اهتماما، وكل اهتمامهم منسب نحو تاريخ الرحلات وما فيها من تجارة العبيد والجواري، وتحدياتها، وسلك الباحث منهج النقد الواقعي في تحليل نصوص الكتاب وتقييمها. وأخيرا توصل إلى أن تلك الرحلات مشوبة بظواهر واقعية أثرت في حياة أولئك التجار، وفي الفبائل التي اختلطوا بها، وذلك في الجوانب عدة؛ كالتجارة وطب الأعشاب والحياة الاجتماعية والدينية والثقافية .
إدارة أخطار السيول في منطقة غات (جنوب غرب ليبيا) باستخدام التقنيات المكانية
Authors: ناصر شوقي شحدة أحمد
Published: January 2024

تتعرض مدينة غات وبعض المناطق المجاورة لها لجريان السيول على فترات متباعدة، لكنها قد تكون خطيرة ومدمرة في حالات نادرة، كما حدث في شهر يونيو 2019م. ويهدف البحث إلى اقتراح حلول لتجنيب مدينة غات وجوارها أخطار السيول في المستقبل. وتم استعمال تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية في تحقيق هذا الهدف. ولذلك تم الاعتماد على مرئية فضائية مأخوذة من القمر الصناعي الأوربي  (Sentinel 2) لتحديد المناطق التي تعرضت للسيول ومسارات الأودية التي اجتاحت المنطقة في بداية يونيو 2019 ، كما تم الاعتماد على نموذج الارتفاعات الرقمية (SRTM1) لإجراء التحليلات المورفومترية واستخلاص شبكات التصريف للأودية المؤثرة على مدينة غات وجوارها، بالإضافة إلى تحديد أفضل الأماكن المناسبة لإقامة المنشآت المقترحة.
وقد ناقشت الدراسة البدائل الممكنة لتجنب أخطار السيول بالمنطقة وأوصت بإنشاء ثلاثة سدود على أهم ثلاثة أودية تؤثر على مدينة غات وجوارها، على أن تكون الأولوية في التنفيذ متسقة مع ترتيب ورودها في البحث.
The Effect of Using Electronic Dictionary in Learning English Language by Libyan Students (A Case Study of the Students of English Department at Education Faculty-Waddan of Al-Jufra University)
Authors: Jalala Souad Sanoussi Yosef
Published: January 2024

Electronic dictionaries have revolutionized the educational landscape, providing instantaneous access to a wealth of lexical knowledge for students and educators alike. This study aimed to find out the effect of using an Electronic Dictionary in learning English Language by Libyan Students: The English department at the Education Faculty of Al-Jufra University. This study applied descriptive qualitative method. The data in this study were obtained through a document analysis (questionnaire). Thirty-five students of English department participated in the questionnaire that was used in this study. The results of this study report that all students depend on the electronic dictionaries in their studies, but they face some difficulties in using it as a machine. Most students use the multi-language dictionary to get the meaning of the word in Arabic. Even though, more than 50% percent of the students find all words that they need in the e-dictionary. Most students face difficulties in selecting the suitable meaning of the word in the context. Moreover, about 50% of the students face difficulty in finding explanations for grammar tasks in E-dictionaries that they use. They face difficulty in using dictionaries that use English language only. That means they depend on their native language for learning English language.  Transitivity of the meaning of the word confuses them in selecting the suitable meaning, some words don’t exist in the dictionary, in the translation of phrasal verbs, a translation of abbreviations and some words don’t have any translation in Arabic language. On the other hand, electronic dictionary helps them to improve their English vocabularies.
التحليل المكاني لتوزيع مدارس التعليم الأساسي بمدينة أوباري للعام الدراسي 2022 – 2023
Authors: أبوبكر عبدالسلام
Published: January 2024

يسعى هذا البحث إلى دراسة التوزيع المكاني لمدارس التعليم الأساسي بمدينة أوباري للعام الدراسي 2022-2023م وتطوره منذ بداية تطبيق التعليم النظامي بمنطقة الدراسة ومعرفة العوامل الرئيسية المؤثرة في هذا التوزيع واهم الاثار المترتبة على هذا التوزيع بالمدينة، وكذلك القاء الضوء على المعايير التخطيطية لتوزيع هذه المدارس ومعرفة مدى مطابقتها للمعايير التخطيطية على المستوى الوطني، واعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في جمع وعرض وتحليل البيانات والمعلومات الواردة في  مضمون هذا البحث، وتمت الاستعانة بطريقة المقابلة الشخصية لجمع بعض البيانات، وكذلك تم الاستعانة ببرنامج نظم المعلومات الجغرافية arcmap10.8 لغرض التحليل المكاني لتوزيع مدارس التعليم الأساسي بمنطقة الدراسة مثل معرفة الاتجاه العام لهذا التوزيع وتركزه وأيضا معرفة نمط هذا التوزيع عن طريق استخراج الجار الأقرب والمسافة المعيارية بالإضافة لمعرفة نطاق خدمة هذه المدارس داخل المدينة ومعرفة المناطق خارج نطاق هذه الخدمة ؛ واظهرت نتائج البحث تطور اعداد مدارس التعليم الأساسي بمدينة اوباري وبالأخص خلال السنوات الخمس الأخيرة بدعم من القطاع الخاص، كما بينت النتائج ان اهم العوامل المؤثرة في توزيع مدارس التعليم الأساسي بمدينة اوباري وتركزها في منطقة محدودة داخل المدينة هو سياسة الحكومة التي فرضتها في منع بناء المدراس خارج مخطط المدينة العمراني وذلك محاولة منها لتشجيع السكان للانتقال والسكن داخل المنطقة المعتمدة تخطيطيا في المدينة لكي يكون توزيع كافة الخدمات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية ايسر  للسكان داخل المدينة، وكذلك عدم انشاء مدارس التعليم الاساسي المبنية حديثا طبقا للمعايير التخطيطية قد ساهم أيضا في تركز توزيعها في المدينة؛ كما وصلت الدراسة الى ان عدد المدارس بالمدينة مطابق للمعايير التخطيطية من حيث معيار عدد السكان، الا انه وجد قصور في معيار المسافة التي يقطعها الطالب للوصول الى المدرسة لبعض الاحياء السكنية حيث تجاوزت هذه المسافة بكثير عن ما هو موجود في المعايير التخطيطية الوطنية، كما أظهرت النتائج وجود مناطق كثيرة بالمدينة خارج نطاق خدمة مدارس التعليم الأساسي.
A Meta-Analysis Of Request And Apology Speech Acts In L2 Language Learning Of Arab Postgraduate Students At Malaysian Universities
Authors: محمد ابوالقاسم محمد بن الاصفر  , همة روشني بنت مصطفى  , حمدان بن سعيد
Published: January 2024

The speech Acts of Arab students have also been an interesting domain of research due to the translation of phrases by the students to the English language directly from the Arabic language. Currently, various researches have been conducted in this domain. The speech acts of requests are complaint, complement, compliment, greeting, invitation, refusal, request etc. The most commonly used among these requests and apologies which when compared to the rest of them holds a number of repetitions.   This study undertakes a meta-analysis to examine the utilization of request and apology speech acts with respect to native Arab-speaking post-graduate students who communicate with their instructors in the English language. Previous studies were selected with respect to the apology and request speech acts. The studies reveal that the structural formation of the EFL Learners of the English language is like those of the native Arab speakers. It is vital for the EFL learners of Arab countries to understand the difference between standard cultural norms and practices that must be used in English-speaking social settings to avoid a pragmatic miscommunication or in other words failure of the same and hence emphasize linguistic pragmatics for the learners to get accustomed to a cultural environment of English-speaking ones which eventually envisions a communication with clarity and unambiguity.
AS relações entre o direito concorrencial e o direito societário
Authors: Bercovici Gilberto
Published: January 2024

The article starts from the perspective that the application of organisational measures, i.e. those specific to corporate law, is important for improving competition remedies in merger control and for preventing anti-competitive conduct. The aim is to propose an approach based on the possible relationships between corporate law and competition law.
Wstęp
Authors: Tomaszewski Tadeusz
Published: January 2024

Brak
Śmiertelny postrzał w okolice skroni z broni pneumatycznej – opis przypadku
Authors: Kowalik Krzysztof , Savochka Ilona , Narożnicki Paweł , Modrzejewski Andrzej
Published: January 2024

Autorzy przedstawiają przypadek 45-letniego mężczyzny śmiertelnie postrzelonego z broni pneumatycznej. Na skutek samobójczego wystrzału z broni wiatrówkowej u denata doszło do uszkodzenia prawej kości skroniowej oraz do krwawienia podpajęczynówkowego. Autorzy dyskutują możliwe powikłania po postrzałach z broni pneumatycznej oraz ich skutki, odnosząc własne doświadczenia do doniesień innych autorów.
Percepcja pojęcia przestępstwa w społeczeństwie informacyjnym XXI wieku
Authors: Wierzchowski Tomasz
Published: January 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wielowymiarowości percepcji zarówno pojęcia przestępstwa, jak i czynników je kształtujących w nowoczesnym społeczeństwie. Autor odnosi się do elementów, które decydują o tym, czy dany czyn jest lub może być przestępstwem. Szczególną uwagę poświęcono też problematyce związanej z informacją i jej rolą w nowoczesnym społeczeństwie oraz definicji społeczeństwa informacyjnego. Czytelnik ma okazję przekonać się, jak złożonym mechanizmem jest proces penalizacji norm zachowania z punktu widzenia prawników, politologów i socjologów.
A participação de artistas evangélicos nas eleições presidenciais de 2022: um olhar sobre o apoio à Bolsonaro a partir das redes sociais virtuais
Authors: Oliveira de Lima Leandro
Published: January 2024

O artigo avalia a participação de artistas evangélicos nas eleições presidenciais de 2022 a partir das suas postagens no Instagram. Especificamente o texto versa sobre um vídeo publicado em 28 de outubro de 2022, compartilhado entre quatorze artistas. Os resultados identificaram engajamento num universo de 45 milhões de seguidores, sendo que a obra, o hino nacional, símbolo principal da identidade nacional e capturado pelo nacionalismo cristão, foi visualizada por mais de 37 milhões de vezes. O levantamento visou contribuir com a discussão dos efeitos das redes sociais sobre a democracia e o comportamento político do segmento evangélico e do algoritmo no processo eleitoral, com destaque para aparelhamento da comunicação em segmento nichado, no recorte dos artistas gospel selecionados no Brasil em 2022.
Palavras-chave: eleições 2022, artista gospel, Instagram, democracia, redes sociais virtuais.
A escola indígena é diferenciada?
Authors: Aliende da Matta Amanda
Published: January 2024

A Escola Estadual Indígena Guarani Gwyra Pepo foi criada em 2003, em São Paulo. Em seu planejamento inicial havia a ideia de promover o desenvolvimento de projetos em diversas áreas, tendo a vida do índio como ponto central. Entretanto, devido à questões de formalização da escola com o Estado e à influência dos juruá, a escola foi adequada a um padrão estatal. Assim, este trabalho objetiva explorar a realidade escolar, verificando a possível existência de conceitos de multiculturalismo e se a educação indígena diferenciada é intercultural. O estudo deriva de uma pesquisa de campo de caráter etnográfico, com entrevistas semiestruturadas executadas entre 2017 e 2018. Verificou-se que na escola há uma combinação dos conceitos de multiculturalismo. A estrutura determinada pelo Estado são limitantes e, com isso, há resistência pelos Guarani para refletir sobre a realidade indígena dentro do ambiente escolar.
Você Pode Ser Uma Estrela!
Authors: Rocha Antônio
Published: January 2024

O artigo visa mostrar a importância da luta do indivíduo por constantes melhorias nas condições de vida, o sonho da busca pelo conhecimento, mas ao mesmo tempo preocupa em esclarecer que não se pode confundir sonho, persistência e perspectiva, com ambição individualizada sem uma fundamentação ideológica adequada. Amparado em referenciais bibliográficos, os argumentos perpassam por teorias que mostram, na viabilidade humana, a importância da persistência e, também, a importância do potencial criativo. Todos nós temos direito a duvidar, opinar, construir paradigma, ser crítico à injustiça cometida contra a humanidade, mas ao mesmo tempo, devemos estar cientes dos riscos de perseguição e crueldade que se pode sofrer por possuir esta postura crítica. Os referenciais vão mostrar personagens que viveram essas mazelas da vida, deixando claro que os desafios enfrentados por esses personagens são compatíveis com o tamanho da sua ação, ou, da ausência dela, principalmente no momento de transição da vida individual à coletiva, do ajuste pessoal ao controle social dos últimos tempos. Na verdade, o que sempre está em jogo é a busca pela felicidade, por vezes confundida com o status social, com o poder, com a autoridade e com o controle. Enfim, o propósito da reflexão está em afirmar que é preciso sonhar e lutar pela perspectiva sonhada, porque, sonho que não se sonha, não existe. O contraste entre sonho, desafio e perspectiva é o foco da reflexão neste artigo. A era das informações e do controle ideológico tem causado frustrações no indivíduo que, mesmo sendo um ser pensante, age como se não soubesse pensar. O comodismo, ou insegurança de um lado, os estímulos e as perspectivas, impulsionado, do outro, levam o indivíduo ao cansaço, a incerteza, a entrar na inércia.
OPTIMIZATION OF VIDEO TRANSMISSION QUALITY IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
Authors: Țurcanu Dinu , Țurcanu Tatiana
Published: January 2024

The transmission of video stream over wireless networks is used by many applications and services, from the use of equipment in home communication networks to those carrying the video surveillance stream. Numerous technical challenges may arise when the unpredictable characteristics of the radio channel align or do not align with the stipulated requirements for transmission bandwidth and the necessary latency for transporting video data. All these challenges prevent users from experiencing smooth video streaming. Depending on the application scenarios, video service emphasis may vary according of Quality of Experience - QoE or parameter used traditionally in the networks, Quality of Service - QoS. The purpose of the research consists in optimization of the flow service, which ensures the adaptability of video communication to changes of conditions over the wireless computer network. As a result of a thorough analysis of the video playback characteristics related to the wireless channel, the most optimal approach in optimizing the quality of the video stream service over a wireless LAN requiring minimal modifications was identified, and namely system centric approach.
Development of Short Film-Based Economics Learning Media for Higher Education
Authors: Lukiani Eunike Rose Mita , Surindra Bayu , Prasatianingtyas Efa Wahyu
Published: January 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic has created new avenues for adaptation in the field of education. Traditional classroom-based learning has shifted to technology-intensive virtual learning during these challenging times, allowing face-to-face interactions to continue despite physical separation. However, virtual learning comes with its own set of challenges. For higher education, especially catering to adult learners preparing to enter the workforce, virtual learning must be effective and efficient in shaping students' skills. This developmental study focuses on the development of learning media, specifically short films The research, framed as a developmental study, targets fourth-semester students enrolled in the Economics Education program, currently taking a microeconomics course. The findings indicate that short film-based learning media is relevant for higher education, fostering in-depth understanding, creativity, and collaboration among students.

Keywords: Economic Learning Media, Short Story Films, Higher Education.
A Study on the Relationship Between English Test Scores in the Vietnamese National High School Graduation and VNU Competency Assessment Results
Authors: Ly Thi Loan , Le Thi Nga
Published: January 2024

At present, English is undoubtedly the most popular foreign language in Vietnam due to the increasing international economic integration of Vietnam. Over the past few decades, English has emerged as a lingua franca and the dominant foreign language in the fast developing and populous society of Vietnam. This study aims to investigate the relationship between scores of English test in the Vietnamese National High School Graduation Exam (VNHSGE) and Vietnam National University (VNU) High-school Competency Assessment Exam (HSA) in 2023. English language test scores were collected from 2,178 high-school students participating in the VNHSGE and VNU HSA. The histogram was first used to study the distribution of English test scores in the Vietnamese national high school graduation. Scatter plots and correlation analysis were then employed to investigate the relationship between scores of English test in the Vietnamese National High School Graduation and VNU Competency Exams. Finally, results and main findings were discussed and summarized. It was found that the distribution of English test results in the VNHSGE was skewed to the right. In addition, the positive correlation coefficient of 0.33 were identified for the relationship between scores of English test in the VNHSGE and VNU HSA in 2023 presenting that candidates with good foreign language ability have high scores on the HSA exam.

Keywords: Relationship, English Test Scores, Vietnamese National High School Graduation Exam, VNU Competency Assessment Results.
The Development of Worksheet for Historical Novel Learning Based on Problem Based Learning Models for Class XII Vocational School
Authors: Janah Miftahul , Fuad Muhammad , . Munaris
Published: January 2024

This research aims to produce historical novel LKS products based on the Project Based Learning model, describe the feasibility of historical novel LKS and test the effectiveness of historical novel LKS based on Project Based Learning for class XII vocational schools. The research method uses a research and development design that adapts eight of the ten steps of research and development procedures according to Borg and Gall. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires. The results of the research show 1) Project Based Learning-based historical novel worksheets for class teaching with a percentage of 87.86%, material experts with a percentage of 81.58%, and practitioners with a percentage of 87.50%. The assessments from the three validators stated that the Project Based Learning-based historical novel worksheets were very suitable for use in learning activities at school. 3) based on a comparison of pretest, posttest and N-gain scores from using LKS, the historical novel developed received a score of 0.6 in class XII A and 0.5 in class XII B. This score is included in the medium category so it is effectively used in learning.

Keywords: Student Worksheets, Historical Novel, Problem Based Learning
The Influence of Corporate Governance and Leverage on The Integrity of Financial Statements with Firm Size as a Moderation Variable
Authors: Munthe Dertina Eftaria Br , Erwin Keulana , Yuliati Tetty
Published: January 2024

This research aims to test and analyze the influence of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, and audit committee and leverage on the integrity of financial reports. This research design is classified as an associative-causal type of research with a population of all transportation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange that are active during the 2018-2022 period totaling 46 companies. In determining the sample size, researchers used a purposive sampling technique so that the number of samples observed was 23 companies. Data collection techniques in this research used documentation and a literature study. After the data is obtained, the analysis will be carried out using descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption testing, panel data regression model selection, moderated regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. From the data analysis, the result can be given that the F-calculation is obtained with a value of 0.17. while the F-table has a value of 2.19, it can be concluded that F-count ≤ F-Table or 0.17≤2.19 with a significant value of 0.084562 ≥ 0.05 so that institutional ownership, managerial ownership, audit committee and leverage simultaneously have no effect and are not significant to the integrity of financial statements. Further research is needed using other more dominant variables that reflect a company's value to obtain valid results.

Keywords: corporate governance, institutional ownership, integrity of financial reports, managerial ownership, audit committee and leverage
An Overview of Internet Users Over Ten Years of Age in Indonesia in the 2019-2021 Movement
Authors:   Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri I, Taman, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia., NAYAHITA ADITYA
Published: January 2024

The research seeks to provide an analysis of the group of Internet users over ten years old in Indonesia. The activity groups of Internet users include four groups used for work, school, taking care of the household and others. This research uses a one sample t test to test the hypotheses offered according to user groups based on year and province. The results show that there are differences in averages for each user group. This shows that understanding of the Internet in each province for ages over 10 is on average different. Research recommendations in the form of Internet usage literacy in each province in Indonesia need to be improved.
Antidumping Duty and Export Deflection to APEC Economies
Authors:   APEC Studies Association of Korea, Lee Seungrae , Park Seung Jae
Published: January 2024

This study uses detailed product-level data to examine the trade deflection of Korean exports as a result of antidumping (AD) duty impositions. Given that APEC economies account for a large share of Korean exports and that AD duties are imposed on Korean exports, especially by the U.S. and China, this study focuses on Korean export deflection to APEC economies following AD duty impositions from the U.S. and China. We find robust evidence of Korean export deflection within APEC as a result of the imposition of AD duties by the U.S. and China. Moreover, intra-APEC trade deflection is associated with the type of products involved in the AD duty orders. U.S. AD duties have an impact on the export deflection of intermediate products, while Chinese AD duties have an impact on final products, towards APEC economies.
Implications of National and Regional Employment Dynamics for Korea
Authors:   APEC Studies Association of Korea, Kim Haeng-Sun , Lee Mihye
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates the relationship between regional and national employment for Korea for the period 2004-2017. The data show that regional and national employment are not as closely related as expected. The employment growth of a region does not move in the same direction as the national employment growth rate. We analyze the regional employment growth data by industry and try to find factors that can explain discrepancies between national and regional employment growth. The analysis shows that the substantial variations in regional employment growth can be explained by the different response to employment change at the national level and to change in a region’s share of industry. Employment in some regions is tightly synchronized with national employment and their employment changes are also caused by changes in their industry share. The results suggest that the magnitude of the response to each factor is quite different across regions, which can explain cross-regional employment changes for a given period. Our decomposition results suggest that in some regions, employment and industry factors both play significant roles in deciding the employment change. The different employment responses to national employment change and changes in industry share provide some insights for policymakers. Regions whose employment is synchronized with national employment should design a policy that can smooth the effects caused by national employment changes or by business cycles.