bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intra- and Early Postoperative Evaluation of Malperfused Areas in an Irradiated Random Pattern Skin Flap Model Using Indocyanine Green Angiography and Near-Infrared Reflectance-Based Imaging and Infrared Thermography
Authors: Müller-Seubert Wibke , Ostermaier Patrick , Horch Raymund E. , Distel Luitpold , Frey Benjamin , Cai Aijia , Arkudas Andreas
Published: February 2022

Background: Assessment of tissue perfusion after irradiation of random pattern flaps still remains a challenge. Methods: Twenty-five rats received harvesting of bilateral random pattern fasciocutaneous flaps. Group 1 served as nonirradiated control group. The right flaps of the groups 2–5 were irradiated with 20 Gy postoperatively (group 2), 3 × 12 Gy postoperatively (group 3), 20 Gy preoperatively (group 4) and 3 × 12 Gy preoperatively (group 5). Imaging with infrared thermography, indocyanine green angiography and near-infrared reflectance-based imaging were performed to detect necrotic areas of the flaps. Results: Analysis of the percentage of the necrotic area of the irradiated flaps showed a statistically significant increase from day 1 to 14 only in group 5 (p < 0.05). Indocyanine green angiography showed no differences (p > 0.05) of the percentage of the nonperfused area between all days in group 1 and 3, but a decrease in group 2 in both the left and the right flaps. Infrared thermography and near-infrared reflectance-based imaging did not show evaluable differences. Conclusion: Indocyanine green angiography is more precise in prediction of necrotic areas in random pattern skin flaps when compared to hyperspectral imaging, thermography or clinical impression. Preoperative fractional irradiation with a lower individual dose but a higher total dose has a more negative impact on flap perfusion compared to higher single stage irradiation.
Effects of Tumor-Rib Distance and Dose-Dependent Rib Volume on Radiation-Induced Rib Fractures in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Lee Sang Mi , Lee Jeong Won , Kim Woo Chul , Min Chul Kee , Kim Eun Seog , Jo In Young
Published: February 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effects of tumor-rib distance and dose-dependent rib volume on radiation-induced rib fractures (RIRFs) in patients with breast cancer. We retrospectively included 510 women with breast cancer who underwent surgical resection with adjuvant radiotherapy. The tumor-rib distance was measured using preoperative computed tomography (CT) images. Postoperative chest wall thickness and dose-dependent rib volumes, which are absolute rib volumes receiving >20 Gy (V20), 30 Gy (V30), 40 Gy (V40), 45 Gy (V45), and 50 Gy (V50), were measured from the stimulation CT images for radiation treatment planning. We assessed the relationship of RIRF with tumor-rib distance, postoperative chest wall thickness, and dose-dependent rib volumes. Patients with high values of tumor-rib distance and postoperative chest wall thickness had significantly lower risks of RIRF than those with low values. Patients with high values of V20, V30, V40, V45, and V50 had significantly higher risks of RIRF than those with low values. In a multivariate analysis, tumor-rib distance and all five dose-dependent rib volumes, as well as osteoporosis and radiation field, were independent risk factors for RIRF. Tumor-rib distance and dose-dependent rib volume were independent risk factors for RIRF in patients with breast cancer.
Discerning the Ambiguous Role of Missense TTN Variants in Inherited Arrhythmogenic Syndromes
Authors: Martínez-Barrios Estefanía , Sarquella-Brugada Georgia , Pérez-Serra Alexandra , Fernández-Falgueras Anna , Cesar Sergi , Coll Mónica , Puigmulé Marta , Iglesias Anna , Alcalde Mireia , Vallverdú-Prats Marta , Ferrer-Costa Carles , del Olmo Bernat , Picó Ferran , López Laura , Fiol Victoria , Cruzalegui José , Hernández Clara , Arbelo Elena , Grassi Simone , Oliva Antonio , Toro Rocío , Brugada Josep , Brugada Ramon , Campuzano Oscar
Published: February 2022

The titin gene (TTN) is associated with several diseases, including inherited arrhythmias. Most of these diagnoses are attributed to rare TTN variants encoding truncated forms, but missense variants represent a diagnostic challenge for clinical genetics. The proper interpretation of genetic data is critical for translation into the clinical setting. Notably, many TTN variants were classified before 2015, when the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) published recommendations to accurately classify genetic variants. Our aim was to perform an exhaustive reanalysis of rare missense TTN variants that were classified before 2015, and that have ambiguous roles in inherited arrhythmogenic syndromes. Rare missense TTN variants classified before 2015 were updated following the ACMG recommendations and according to all the currently available data. Our cohort included 193 individuals definitively diagnosed with an inherited arrhythmogenic syndrome before 2015. Our analysis resulted in the reclassification of 36.8% of the missense variants from unknown to benign/likely benign. Of all the remaining variants, currently classified as of unknown significance, 38.3% showed a potential, but not confirmed, deleterious role. Most of these rare missense TTN variants with a suspected deleterious role were identified in patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. More than 35% of the rare missense TTN variants previously classified as ambiguous were reclassified as not deleterious, mainly because of improved population frequencies. Despite being inconclusive, almost 40% of the variants showed a potentially deleterious role in inherited arrhythmogenic syndromes. Our results highlight the importance of the periodical reclassification of rare missense TTN variants to improve genetic diagnoses and help increase the accuracy of personalized medicine.
Multivariate Analysis of Associations between Patellofemoral Instability and Gluteal Muscle Contracture: A Radiological Analysis
Authors: Su Qihang , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yuanzhen , Li Jie , Xue Chao , Ge Hengan , Cheng Biao
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between gluteal muscle contracture (GMC) severity and patellofemoral instability and evaluate the reliability of novel indicators by multivariate analysis. Clinical and imaging data from 115 patients with GMC were collected for retrospective analysis. Two novel indicators were used to evaluate GMC severity (knee flexion angle and hip flexion angle, feet distance), and two additional novel parameters were used to reflect patellofemoral instability [patellar displacement vector (L, α), patella-femoral trochlear (P-FT) area, and femoral-trochlear-patella (FT-P) area]. In this study, patients with moderate contracture were dominant, and 35.65% also experienced anterior knee pain after physical activity. Ordered logistic regression analysis indicated that a more serious GMC represented a higher risk of lateral tilt and lateral displacement of the patella. Multivariate analysis showed that feet distance was a reliable indicator for evaluating the severity of GMC. The results showed that the more serious the GMC, the more significant the difference between the P-FT area and the FT-P area of the patellofemoral joint space. L, patellar tilt angle, patellar congruency angle, and lateral patellofemoral angle were independent risk factors for this difference. A more serious GMC represents a higher risk of patellar subluxation.
A Mutation Threshold for Cooperative Takeover
Authors: Champagne-Ruel Alexandre , Charbonneau Paul
Published: February 2022

One of the leading theories for the origin of life includes the hypothesis according to which life would have evolved as cooperative networks of molecules. Explaining cooperation—and particularly, its emergence in favoring the evolution of life-bearing molecules—is thus a key element in describing the transition from nonlife to life. Using agent-based modeling of the iterated prisoner’s dilemma, we investigate the emergence of cooperative behavior in a stochastic and spatially extended setting and characterize the effects of inheritance and variability. We demonstrate that there is a mutation threshold above which cooperation is—counterintuitively—selected, which drives a dramatic and robust cooperative takeover of the whole system sustained consistently up to the error catastrophe, in a manner reminiscent of typical phase transition phenomena in statistical physics. Moreover, our results also imply that one of the simplest conditional cooperative strategies, “Tit-for-Tat”, plays a key role in the emergence of cooperative behavior required for the origin of life.
Galvanic Effect and Alternating Current Corrosion of Steel in Acidic Red Soil
Authors: Wang Qi-Wei , Zhang Jun-Xi , Gao Yan , Dai Nian-Wei , Chen Yun-Xiang , Lin De-Yuan , Xia Xiao-Jian
Published: February 2022

Alternating current (AC) corrosion behavior of carbon steel–copper couple in acidic red soil was studied by means of the electrochemical test, mass loss, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization. Mathematical models were established to expound the impacts of AC and galvanic effect on the corrosion mechanism. The results demonstrate that the corrosion rate of the galvanic couple is positively related to AC intensity. Galvanic effect and AC synergistically aggravate the corrosion of steel. The composition of α-FeOOH declines while γ-FeOOH is increased with AC interference. Based on the statistical model, the galvanic effect has a more significant influence on steel corrosion compared with AC.
Field Emission of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes from Pt-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Tang Hongbin , Liu Ruizi , Huang Weijun , Zhu Wei , Qian Weijin , Dong Changkun
Published: February 2022

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were grown directly on a metal substrate with the assistance of Pt using a chemical vapor deposition method. In addition, the growth mechanism of Pt-assisted catalytic CNT was discussed. MWNTs were characterized by SEM, TEM, AFM, Raman, and EDS, and the field emission (FE) properties were investigated, comparing with the direct grown MWNTs. The results showed that CNTs could not been synthesized by Pt particles alone under the experimental condition, but Pt may accelerate the decomposition of the carbon source gas, i.e., assisting MWNT growth with other catalysts. The Pt-assisted MWNTs were longer with larger diameters of around 80 nm and possessed better structural qualities with very few catalyst particles inside. Improved field emission properties were demonstrated for the Pt-assisted MWNTs with lower turn-on fields (for 0.01 mA·cm−2 current density) of 2.0 V·μm−1 and threshold field (for 10 mA·cm−2 current density) of 3.5 V·μm−1, as well as better stability under a long-term test of 80 h (started at 3.0 mA for the Pt-assisted emitter and 3.25 mA for the direct grown emitter). This work demonstrated a promising approach to develop high performance CNT field emitters for device applications.
Illuminating Human Norovirus: A Perspective on Disinfection of Water and Surfaces Using UVC, Norovirus Model Organisms, and Radiation Safety Considerations
Authors: Mariita Richard M. , Davis James H. , Randive Rajul V.
Published: February 2022

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a major cause of gastroenteritis and are associated with high morbidity because of their ability to survive in the environment and small inoculum size required for infection. Norovirus is transmitted through water, food, high touch-surfaces, and human-to-human contact. Ultraviolet Subtype C (UVC) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can disrupt the norovirus transmission chain for water, food, and surfaces. Here, we illuminate considerations to be adhered to when picking norovirus surrogates for disinfection studies and shine light on effective use of UVC for norovirus infection control in water and air and validation for such systems and explore the blind spot of radiation safety considerations when using UVC disinfection strategies. This perspective also discusses the promise of UVC for norovirus mitigation to save and ease life.
A New Hyperloop Transportation System: Design and Practical Integration
Authors: Bhuiya Mohammad , Aziz Md Mohiminul , Mursheda Fariha , Lum Ryan , Brar Navjeet , Youssef Mohamed
Published: February 2022

This paper introduces a new Hyperloop transportation system’s design and implementation. The main contribution of this paper is the design and integration of propulsion components for a linear motion system, with battery storage. The proposed Hyperloop design provides a high-speed transportation means for passengers and freights by utilizing linear synchronous motors. In this study, a three-phase inverter was designed and simulated using PSIM. A prototype of this design was built and integrated with a linear synchronous motor. The operation of full system integration satisfies a proof-of-concept design. A study of the inverter system in conjunction with a linear synchronous motor for a ridged Hyperloop system is made. The prototype of this system achieves propulsion for the bidirectional movements. Battery state of charge simulation results are given in a typical motoring and braking scenario.
Olympic Education in France: A Legacy Issue or the Promotion of a Model in Crisis?
Authors: Attali Michaël , Le Yondre François
Published: February 2022

Both the promoters of Olympism and the organisers of the Olympic Games regularly employ the term legacy. In this context, the use of education as a tool constitutes an important stake. We have analysed the position of French actors in education with regard to Olympism and the measures implemented. In this respect, we have studied, on the one hand, the texts of the IOC and OCOGs from the 1960s to those concerning Paris 2024, in order to identify the concepts of education. On the other hand, we have focused on the professional texts of Physical Education and Sport (PES) teachers. Finally, in order to complete this analysis, we have examined the contents of projects labelled as part of the “Olympic Class” scheme, designed as one of the main channels for rolling out Olympic education in schools. This study has made it possible to identify the ways in which PES teachers engage in and take ownership of the concept of Olympic education, sometimes to the point of validating its ideological foundations or transforming them. Our study thus ponders the means used to make Olympism a universal subject and demonstrates that, far from offering real pedagogical treatment of Olympic facts, current practices aim rather to form generations of spectators attached to Olympism and guarantee the success of future Olympiads.
Barriers to Innovations and Innovative Performance of Companies: A Study from Ecuador
Authors: Carvache-Franco Orly , Carvache-Franco Mauricio , Carvache-Franco Wilmer
Published: February 2022

This research aimed to examine the relationship between the barriers to the development of innovation and innovative performance. This is a quantitative, not experimental, cross-sectional research, and the National Survey of Innovation Activities of Ecuador is used. Bivariate Probit regression was used to process the data. The results show empirical evidence that Ecuadorian companies have a great number of barriers to innovation. The main barriers to product innovation and process innovation are as follows: lack of company funds, high costs of innovation, and lack of qualified personnel in the company and the country. In addition product innovation is affected by the lack of market information, and process innovation is affected by the lack of financing from external sources, lack of information on technology, and a market dominated by established companies. The research has theoretical implications because it contributes empirical evidence on the relationship between innovation barriers and innovative performance in developing countries where evidence is scarce. The research has practical implications because it serves as a basis for forming public policies. Business managers and administrators can improve innovative performance by minimizing the impact of the main barriers to innovation.
Opportunities to Manage Herbicide Resistance through Area-Wide Management: Lessons from Australian Cropping Regions
Authors: Height Kaitlyn , Graham Sonia , Campbell Rebecca , Hawkes Gina , Schrader Silja , Blessington Louise , McKinnon Scott
Published: February 2022

Herbicide resistance management is often understood as a decision for individual land managers, but their decisions have far-reaching impacts for social-ecological systems. Area-wide management can reduce these impacts by supporting many land managers to cooperatively work towards a shared goal of reducing the spread of resistance. The aim of this research is to identify what support is needed for area-wide herbicide resistance management in cropping systems. Data was collected from 84 interviews with growers, public land managers and weed management advisors. Sixty-five interviews were conducted across three cropping regions of eastern Australia—Darling Downs (Queensland), Riverina (New South Wales) and Sunraysia (Victoria)—and 19 interviews were conducted with stakeholders beyond these regions. The majority (51%) of interviewees expressed concern about the spread of herbicide resistance, but only 14% described involvement in area-wide resistance management programs. Area-wide management was mostly reported to involve sharing information among stakeholders, rather than coordination or joint activities. Key barriers to participation were perceived to be the diverse agricultural industries in each region and the costs of participation. Future area-wide management program designs need to build working relationships among diverse stakeholders, clearly define the boundaries of the program and demonstrate the benefits that accrue from participation.
Life Cycle Assessment of the High Performance Discontinuous Fibre (HiPerDiF) Technology and Its Operation in Various Countries
Authors: Fitzgerald Amy M. , Wong Nathan , Fitzgerald Annabel V. L. , Jesson David A. , Martin Ffion , Murphy Richard J. , Young Tim , Hamerton Ian , Longana Marco L.
Published: February 2022

Composite waste is a growing issue due to the increased global demand for products manufactured from these advanced engineering materials. Current reclamation methods produce short length fibres that, if not realigned during remanufacture, result in low-value additives for non-structural applications. Consequently, to maximise the economic and functional potential, fibre realignment must occur. The High Performance Discontinuous Fibre (HiPerDiF) technology is a novel process that produces highly aligned discontinuous fibre-reinforced composites, which largely meet the structural performance of virgin fibres, but to date, the environmental performance of the machine is yet to be quantified. This study assessed the environmental impacts of the operation of the machine using life cycle assessment methodology. Electrical energy consumption accounts for the majority of the greenhouse gas emissions, with water consumption as the main contributor to ecosystem quality damage. Suggestions have been made to reduce energy demand and reuse the water in order to reduce the overall environmental impact. The hypothetical operation of the machine across different European countries was also examined to understand the impacts associated with bulk material transport and electricity from different energy sources. It was observed that the environmental impact showed an inverse correlation with the increased use of renewable sources for electricity generation due to a reduction in air pollutants from fossil fuel combustion. The analysis also revealed that significant reductions in environmental damage from material transport between the reclamation facility to the remanufacturing site should also be accounted for, and concluded that transportation routes predominantly via shipping have a lower environmental impact than road and rail haulage. This study is one of the first attempts to evaluate the environmental impact of this new technology at early conceptual development and to assess how it would operate in a European scenario.
Empowering Local Practitioners to Collect and Report on Anthropogenic Riverine and Marine Debris Using Inexpensive Methods in India
Authors: Owens Katharine A. , Divakaran Sarasamma Jaya , Conlon Katie , Kiruba Solomon , Biju Alwyn , Vijay Niyathi , Subramanian Manikandan , Asok Vijayamma Smitha , Jayadev Ayona , Hoon Vineeta , Padgett Rebekah , Khanolkar Pranoti Joshi , Kakavipure Dilip K. , Mohan P. M. , Chattopadhyay Sourav , Khanolkar Chinmay
Published: February 2022

This article includes a review of the literature on marine debris in an Indian context and introduces a replicable, scientific, and inexpensive collection method to build capacity and inform policymakers. We share baseline data resulting from ten cleanups using these methods in India. This method was introduced in a 2019 workshop to train Indian researchers, leading to local-led collections in three states and two Union Territories (8 beaches, 2 riversides) yielding 33,474 individual pieces of debris weighing a total of 599.15 kg. Plastic was the most frequently found material at all ten collection sites, comprising from 45% to 89% of all items found. The research establishes a baseline data collection at ten locations, with debris density at sites ranging from 0.38–3.86 items/m2. Application of the Clean Coast Index yields resulting rankings of moderate (1 site), dirty (2 sites), and extremely dirty (7 sites). Researchers also identified 2461 brands in analysis at six sites, 76% of which were Indian in origin. Replication of the methods in other Indian regions among the community of thirty-three practitioners was below target for collection (41%) and brand audit (8.3%) with 25% of teams sharing data with the community of practitioners and 12.5% sharing results with local policymakers. The analysis indicates debris is overwhelmingly composed of plastic from residential activities. The methods empower practitioners to collect and report on debris, ground-truthing global debris estimates, and illuminating the missing plastic problem.
Ocular Surface Disease Signs and Symptoms in Patients with Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma: A Case—Control Study
Authors: Dermenoudi Maria , Matsou Artemis , Keskini Christina , Anastasopoulos Eleftherios
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The present study evaluates the differences in the prevalence of the signs and symptoms of ocular surface disease (OSD) in patients with PEX glaucoma (PEXG), compared to other glaucoma types (non-PEXG). Methods: Patients with non-PEXG and PEXG were prospectively examined for the presence and severity of OSD signs and questioned for symptoms using the OSDI (ocular surface disease index) questionnaire. Results: 116 patients were prospectively enrolled (58 non-PEXG and 58 PEXG). PEXG subjects who were older, had lower central corneal thickness (CCT) values, at a more advanced glaucoma stage and required more IOP lowering drops. OSD signs were prevalent in both groups: conjunctival hyperemia (74.5% non-PEXG vs. 94.8% PEXG), eyelid redness (70.7% vs. 96.6%), conjunctival (74.1% vs. 93.1%) and corneal fluorescein staining (81% vs. 93.1%) and abnormal TFBUT (82.8% vs. 87.9%). When adjusted for potential confounders, (older age, thinner CCT, more advanced glaucoma in PEXG) eyelid redness remained the only parameter significantly associated with PEXG, being 11 times more likely to occur in this group (p = 0.037). Conclusion: Subjects with PEXG presented a higher frequency of signs of OSD compared to other glaucoma types. When accounting for confounding factors, the only difference between the groups was the significantly higher presence (11 times more likely) of eyelid redness in PEXG, suggesting, in addition to glaucoma treatment, the impact of PEX on ocular surface integrity.
Hubungan antara ketuban pecah dini dengan nilai Apgar pada kehamilan aterm
Authors: Alexander Rico , Rahimi Armon , Mukhtar Zulfikri , - Djohan , Chandra Rudi , Nasution Syamsul Arifin
Published: February 2022

Ketuban pecah dini merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya asfiksia neonatorum dan infeksi yang dapat meningkatkan mortalitas dan morbiditas perinatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara lama ketuban pecah dini dengan nilai Apgar pada kehamilan aterm yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Mitra Sejati Medan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan metode pengambilan sampel accidental sampling. Dari sampel yang memenuhi kriteria restriksi didapat 68 ibu dengan kasus KPD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil lama KPD < 12 jam dengan Apgar baik adalah sebesar 22 kasus (73,3%) dan dengan Apgar buruk sebanyak 8 kasus (26,7%) sedangkan KPD ≥ 12 jam dengan Apgar baik sebesar 10 kasus (26,3%) dan nilai Apgar buruk sebesar 28 kasus (73,7%). Dari uji statistik dengan tes Chi Square didapatkan nilai X2 = 14,876 dan probabilitasnya (ρ) = 0,001. Dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara lama ketuban pecah dini dengan nilai Apgar.
Gambaran pengetahuan ibu premenopause tentang hipertensi
Authors: Ambarita Bernadetta , Sinaga Desriati , Manalu Lidia Novarina
Published: February 2022

Hipertensi dapat menimbulkan berbagai keluhan yang sering dikaitkan dengan menopause. Pengetahuan yang cukup tentang hipertensi dapat membantu wanita dalam memelihara dan meningkatkan kesehatan, terutama dari risiko penyakit hipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan mendapatkan gambaran pengetahuan ibu premenopause tentang hipertensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April 2021. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah ibu premenopause di Klinik Bidan Kristina Kabupaten Dairi Sidikalang sebanyak 20 orang yang diambil keseluruhan menjadi sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang baik. Namun masih dijumpai tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah pada responden dengan jumlah yang mendekati responden dengan tingkat pengetahuan yang baik. Mayoritas informasi mengenai hipertensi berasal dari teman.
Mikroenkapsulasi atenolol dengan penyalut hidroksipropil metilselulosa (HPMC) menggunakan metode emulsifikasi penguapan pelarut
Authors: Neswita Elfia , Lubis Razoki , Tanjung Fahrul Azmi , Novita Cut Elvira , Sinaga Ade Putra Fratama , Samin Buter
Published: February 2022

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah memformulasi mikroenkapsulasi atenolol dengan penyalut HPMC menggunakan metode emulsifikasi penguapan pelarut. Dalan metode ini, HPMC dilarutkan dalam pelarut campuran methanol-diklorometana. Sedangkan atenolol dilarutkan ke dalam larutan HPMC. Dalam gelas lain dimasukkan paraffin cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rasio atenolol dan HPMC adalah 1:0,5; 1:1; dan 1:1,5 berturut-turut untuk masing-masing Formula (Formula I, II, III dan IV). Mikroenkapsulasi yang dihasilkan dievaluasi berdasarkan distribusi ukuran partikel dan senyawa aktif yang dilepaskan. Mikrokapsul memiliki distribusi ukuran partikel antara 212-2000 µm. Spektrofotmeter UV dalam metanol yang digunakan untuk mengukur konsentrasi senyawa aktif diperoleh 56,963 ± 17,589; 60,41 ± 1,0045; 60 dan 173 ± 1,0160 % untuk masing-masing Formula (Formula I, II, dan III). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mikrokapsul dengan perbandingan atenolol dan HPMC 1:1,5 memiliki pelepasan zat aktif yang lebih baik. Kinetika atenolol yang dilepaskan dari mikrokapsul mengikuti persamaan Higuchi.
Antithrombin III Defi ciency: Diagnosis, Therapy and Management of Patients with Pregnancy
Authors: Кабаева Е.Н.
Published: February 2022

Дефицит антитромбина 3 (АТ3) является редкой тромбофилией высокого риска с частотой выявления 0,2-0,4%. Тромботические осложнения у лиц с дефицитом АТ3 составляют от 15% до 100% случаев в различных семьях. При беременности риск тромботических осложнений у данной группы пациентов увеличен в 30 раз. Дефицит АТ значительно увеличивает риск тромбоза глубоких вен или тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА). Несмотря на антикоагулянтную терапию лечебными дозами гепарина во время беременности и после родоразрешения, женщины с дефицитом АТ могут быть подвержены риску развития венозных тромбоэмболий (ВТЭ), в том числе со смертельным исходом. Терапия таких пациенток всегда требует совместной работы врачей-акушеров, специалистов по тромбозу и гемостазу. Ввиду редкости данной патологии четких клинических протоколов на сегодняшний день не существует. Рекомендации по лечению базируются на мнениях экспертов, отдельных клинических исследованиях и описаниях клинических случаев. Тромбофилические состояния играют большую роль в генезе многих осложнений беременности. Несмотря на большое количество работ, посвященных изучению различных факторов свертывания, до сих пор до конца не определена тактика ведения беременности при некоторых формах тромбофилий, особенно редко встречающихся. С целью систематизации подходов к терапии и ведению беременности в различных клинических ситуациях и обсуждения роли концентрата АТ3 написана данная статья.

Antithrombin 3 deficiency is a rare high-risk thrombophilia with a prevalence of 0.2-0.4%. Thrombotic complications in individuals with AT3 deficiency range from 15% to 100% in different families. During pregnancy, the risk of thrombotic complications in this group of patients is 30 times higher. AT deficiency significantly increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (PE). Despite anticoagulant therapy with therapeutic doses of heparin during pregnancy and after delivery, women with AT deficiency may be at risk of developing VTE, including death. The therapy these patients always require the join work of doctors - obstetricians, specialists at thrombosis and hemostasis. There are no clear clinical protocols due to the rarity of this pathology. Treatment recommendations are based on expert opinion, selected clinical studies and case reports. In order to systematize approaches to the therapy and management of pregnancy in various clinical situations and to discuss the role of antithrombin 3 concentrate, this article has been written.
Prevention of Complications After Termination Pregnancy in the First Trimester (Literature Review)
Authors: Воскресенский С.Л. , Грудницкая Е.Н. , Волотовская А.В. , Волковец Э.Н. , Мосько П.Л.
Published: February 2022

В обзоре приведены данные о количестве выполняемых абортов в мире и Республике Беларусь. Рассмотрены существующие методы прерывания беременности. Освещены ранние, отсроченные и отдаленные осложнения после хирургического и медикаментозного прерывания беременности. Отмечается, что любой способ досрочного прекращения беременности отражается на здоровье женщины. Подробно описаны постабортные нарушения репродуктивного, соматического и психического здоровья. Особое внимание уделено ранней реабилитации женщин после аборта и профилактике постабортных осложнений. Подробно рассмотрена эффективность приема комбинированных оральных контрацептивов и физиотерапии после прерывания беременности, показана более высокая результативность комплексной реабилитации.

The review provides data on the number of abortions performed in the world and the Republic of Belarus. The existing methods of termination of pregnancy are considered. The article covers early, delayed and long-term complications after surgical and medical termination of pregnancy. It is noted that any method of early termination of pregnancy affects the health of a woman. Postabortem disorders of reproductive, somatic, and mental health are described in detail. Special attention is paid to the early rehabilitation of women after abortion and the prevention of post-abortion complications. The effectiveness of taking combined oral contraceptives and physical therapy after termination of pregnancy is considered in detail, and the higher effectiveness of complex rehabilitation is shown.
Treatment and Prevention of Early Pregnancy Loss in Women with Adenomyosis
Authors: Трохимович О.В. , Борисюк О.Ю. , Чубей Г.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассмотрены особенности фармакодинамики интравагинального и перорального путей лечения препаратами микронизированного прогестерона. Представлены результаты использования препарата микронизированного прогестерона Прогинорм Геста на этапе прегравидарной подготовки женщин с аденомиозом. Обосновано интравагинальное применение микронизированного прогестерона Прогинорм Геста с целью профилактики и лечения ранней потери беременности у женщин с аденомиозом. Установлено, что назначение Прогинорм Геста в первом триместре беременности предупреждает потерю беременности у женщин с аденомиозом, а также является эффективным средством лечения угрозы аборта.

The article discusses the features of the pharmacodynamics of intravaginal and oral treatment with micronized progesterone drugs. The results of the use of micronized progesterone preparations Proginorm Gesta at the stage of pregravid preparation of women with adenomyosis are presented. The intravaginal use of micronized progesterone Proginorm Gesta is substantiated for the prevention and treatment of early pregnancy loss in women with adenomyosis. It has been established that the appointment of Proginorm Gesta in the first trimester of pregnancy prevents pregnancy loss in women with adenomyosis, and is also an effective treatment for the threat of abortion.
Post-COVID Syndrome Variety and Possibilities of Correction of Post-Infectious Immunosuppression
Authors: Якубова Л.В. , Смирнова Л.Н.
Published: February 2022

В обзорной статье приводятся определение пост-COVID-синдрома и его классификации. Основные клинические проявления пост-COVID-синдрома включают в себя множество состояний и симптомов, частота проявлений которых варьирует в зависимости от тяжести острой инфекции и периода наблюдения. Наиболее распространенный симптом пост-COVID-синдрома - усталость, встречающаяся с частотой от 17,5% до 72%. По данным Dennis A. и соавт., МРТ выявила поражение хотя бы одного органа в 70% случаев пост-COVID-синдрома через 4 месяца после выздоровления от острой инфекции. Длительное воспаление, иммунная дисрегуляция играют ключевую роль в развитии большинства пост-COVID-проявлений, безусловно, являясь не единственным патофизиологическим механизмом их развития. Если воспалительный ответ слишком подавлен, то пациент, сумев «пережить» первоначальный гипервоспалительный цитокиновый шторм и прогрессирование полиорганной недостаточности, может вступить в стадию затяжной иммуносупрессии, известной как синдром стойкого воспаления, иммуносупрессии и катаболизма, что является одной из предполагаемых причин стойкого пост-COVID-синдрома. Приведена работа, в которой рассматривается возможность применения в лечении инфекции SARS-CoV-2 инозина пранобекса, который зарегистрирован как противовирусный иммуномодулирующий препарат более чем в 70 странах мира.

The review article provides the definition of post-COVID syndrome and its classification. The main clinical manifestations of post-COVID syndrome include many conditions and symptoms, the frequency of which varies depending on the severity of the acute infection and the observation period. The most common symptom of post-COVID syndrome is fatigue, ranging from 17.5% to 72%. According to Dennis A. et al., the MRI revealed damage to at least one organ in 70% of post- COVID cases in 4 months after recovery from acute infection. Prolonged inflammation and immune dysregulation play a key role in the development of the majority of post-COVID manifestations, certainly not being the only pathophysiological mechanism of its development. If the inflammatory response is too suppressed, the patient, having managed to "survive" the initial hyperinflammatory cytokine storm and the progression of multiple organ failure, may enter the stage of protracted immunosuppression known as persistent inflammation, immunosuppression and catabolism syndrome, which is one of the alleged reasons of persistent post-COVID syndrome. The work is presented, in which the possibility of using inosine pranobex, which is registered as an antiviral immunomodulatory drug in more than 70 countries of the world, is considered in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Choice of Low-Intensity Laser Radiation Parameters for Use in Complex Therapy of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis
Authors: Бобкова И.Л. , Зиновенко О.Г.
Published: February 2022

Хронический генерализованный пародонтит характеризуется высокой распространенностью среди взрослого населения. Актуален поиск новых действенных методов лечения данной патологии. Одним из путей повышения эффективности является применение комплексных методов лечения, основанных на сочетании лазерного излучения с медикаментозным воздействием. Целью работы являлся выбор параметров низкоинтенсивного лазерного излучения (НИЛИ) для использования в комплексной терапии хронического генерализованного пародонтита.

Periodontal diseases are widely spread among the adult population. A search of new effective methods of treating gingivitis and periodontitis is actual.One of the ways to improve the efficiency of treating this pathology is the use of complex methods of treatment based on a combination of laser radiation and medicinal effect. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of low intensity laser radiation for using in the complex therapy of chronic generalized periodontitis.
Methods of Treating Tooth Cracks
Authors: Новак Н.В.
Published: February 2022

В статье изложены разработанные на кафедре терапевтической стоматологии БелМАПО методы лечения трещин постоянных зубов. Данные статьи основаны на результатах научных исследований сотрудников кафедры. Приведены показания и противопоказания к лечению трещин твердых тканей зубов. Внедрение в практику рекомендаций по лечению трещин будет способствовать повышению эффективности лечения зубов, восстановлению утраченных твердых тканей с учетом индивидуальных особенностей зубов пациента, а также профилактике возникновения и прогрессирования трещин эмали и дентина.

The article describes the methods of treatment of cracks of permanent teeth developed at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education. These articles are based on the results of scientific research of the employees of the department. Indications and contraindications to treatment of cracks of hard tissues of teeth are given. The introduction of recommendations for the treatment of cracks will contribute to improving the effectiveness of dental treatment,restoring lost solid tissues taking into account the individual features of the patient’s teeth, as well as preventing the occurrence and progression of enamel and dentin cracks.
Features of Professional Hygiene in Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Денисова Ю.Л. , Кузьменко Е.В. , Андреева В.А. , Тимчук Я.И. , Валеева З.Р.
Published: February 2022

Конструктивные элементы ортодонтической аппаратуры являются ретенционными пунктами для скопления мягкого зубного налета и остатков пищи. В результате повышается численность и активность микроорганизмов и значительно увеличивается риск возникновения кариеса и болезней периодонта. Проведение профессиональной гигиены до начала и в период ортодонтического лечения повышает адгезию брекет-систем к тканям зуба, снижает риск развития кариеса зубов и воспаления тканей периодонта при использовании как несъемной, так и съемной аппаратуры.

Structural elements of appliances are retention items for the accumulation of soft plaque and food remains. As a result, the population and activity of microorganisms as well as the risk of caries and periodontal diseases appearance increasessignificantly. Therefore, the issues of maintaining good oral hygiene, prevention, and treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment are given priority attention. Carrying out professional hygiene before and during orthodontic treatment increases the adhesion of braces to tooth tissues, reduces the risk of dental caries and inflammation of periodontal tissues when using both fixed and removable equipment.
Perinatal Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorders in Children and Their Relationship with Folate Cycle Gene Polymorphism
Authors: Бизюкевич С.В.
Published: February 2022

Цель. Изучить влияние перинатальных факторов на риск развития расстройств аутистического спектра (РАС) у детей и их взаимосвязь с полиморфизмом генов фолатного цикла. Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ перинатальных факторов риска развития РАС у 102 детей с аутизмом и у 85 психически здоровых детей в возрасте от 2 до 10 лет за период ссентября 2017 г. по июнь 2020 г. Изучена взаимосвязь перинатальных факторов риска развития РАС с полиморфизмом генов фолатного цикла у детей c РАС. В исследовании использовались методы описательной статистики. Для сравнения двух независимых групп в случаях отсутствия признаков нормального распределения данных использовался U-критерий Манна - Уитни. Сравнение номинальных данных проводилось при помощи критерия χ2 Пирсона и таблиц сопряженности. Результаты. В результате исследования выявлен высокий процент случаев перинатального риска у детей с расстройствами аутистического спектра, где наибольшее значение имеет острая и хроническая гипоксия плода. Отмечены статистически значимые распределения мутантных гомозиготных вариантов генов MTHFR C677T и MTRR A66G у детей с РАС. Заключение. Полученные результаты демонстрируют влияние перинатальных факторов на риск развития РАС, которые в комбинации с генетическими и биохимическими факторами уязвимости могут стать триггером в возникновении психических расстройств, в том числе и расстройств аутистического спектра.

Purpose. To study the influence of perinatal factors on the risk of development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children and their relationship with the polymorphism of folate cycle genes. Materials and methods. There was conducted the analysis of perinatal risk factors of the development of ASD in 102 children with autism and 85 mentally healthy children aged from 2 to 10 years for the period from September 2017 to June 2020. The relationship between perinatal risk factors of development of ASD and folate cycle gene polymorphism in children with ASD was studied. The descriptive statistics methods were used in the study. The Mann - Whitney U-test was used to compare two independent groups in cases where there were no signs of the normal data distribution. The nominal data were compared using Pearson’s χ2 criterion and conjugacy tables. Results. The study revealed the high percentage of cases of perinatal risk in children with autism spectrum disorders, where acute hypoxia and chronic fetal one are the most important. Statistically significant distributions of mutant homozygous variants of the MTHFR C677T and MTRR A66G genes were observed in children with ASD. Conclusion. The results demonstrate the influence of perinatal factors on the risk of development of ASD, which, in combination with genetic and biochemical vulnerability factors, can become a trigger in the occurrence of mental disorders, including autism spectrum disorders.
Current State of Palliative Medical Care for Children at the Regional Level on the Example of the Minsk Region
Authors: Кашляк О.С. , Зайцев Д.В. , Лазарчик И.В. , Тихоновец М.Ю. , Галашевская А.А.
Published: February 2022

Паллиативная помощь представляет собой систему мероприятий, направленных на поддержание качества жизни пациентов с неизлечимыми, угрожающими жизни и тяжело протекающими заболеваниями. Задача паллиативной помощи не только облегчить страдания пациента, но и оказать необходимую помощь семье. Детская паллиативная помощь - это самостоятельная служба с уникальной структурой и значительными отличиями от службы, оказывающей паллиативную помощь взрослому населению. Значительные сложности при оказании педиатрической паллиативной помощи возникают по ряду причин, в том числе из-за неуверенности в течении болезни, веры родственников пациента в чудесное исцеление, поиска баланса между информацией о фактическом состоянии пациента и сохранением надежды. Встатье проанализирована динамика развития паллиативной помощи детям в Минской области за 2016-2020 годы, представлена нозологическая структура заболеваний, приводящих к статусу паллиативного пациента, а также описан опыт проведения длительной респираторной поддержки на дому.

Palliative care is a system of measures aimed at maintaining the quality of life of patients with incurable, life-threatening and severe diseases. The task of palliative care is not only to alleviate suffering of the patient, but also to provide the necessary assistance to the family. Children’s palliative care is an independent service with a unique structure and significant differences from the service that provides palliative care to the adult population. Significant difficulties in providing pediatric palliative care arise because of a number of reasons, including uncertainty about the course of disease, belief of patient’s relatives in miraculous healing, search for the balance between information about the actual condition of the patient and preservation of hope. In the article, there is analyzed the dynamics of the development of palliative care for children in the Minsk region for 2016-2020; the nosological structure of diseases that lead to the status of a palliative patient is presented; the experience of long-term respiratory support at home is described.
Isotopes and ideograms:
Authors: Porter Anne
Published: February 2022

The fundamental issue obscuring our understanding of the place of animal husbandry in the societies and economies of the ancient Near East remains definitional. The continual conflation of the term "mobile pastoralism" with politically and socially independent pastoralism has reached a point where mobile pastoralism is claimed never to have existed. Sheep and goat recovered from settlements that show evidence for foddering, or grazing on cultivated crops, is argued as proof of a lack of mobility, but this fails to take into account whether these animals are used for meat and milk, sacri ce, or their wool. It also does not distinguish between those animals kept for daily use by individual households and institutionally owned animals. The textual evidence from Mari, which describes mobile pastoralism, is argued to be anomalous. But, in fact, Mari pastoralism is not independent pastoralism either. It is, however, mobile and long-distance, as well as variable according to the particular pastoralist group under discussion. This paper argues that a wide range of textual material, of which the Mari archive is but one source, shows that multiple kinds of pastoralism coexisted in the ancient Near East, including multiple kinds of mobile, or distance, pastoralism, as distinct from independent pastoralism.
LIVERANI, Mario (2018) Paradiso e dintorni. Il paesaggio rurale dell’ antico Oriente. Bari: Laterza
Authors: Metozzi Candela
Published: February 2022

Reseña de LIVERANI, Mario (2018) Paradiso e dintorni. Il paesaggio rurale dell’ antico Oriente. Bari: Laterza