bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sur la presence du Nummulites variolarius (Lmk) dans les diverses zones du Lutetien des bassins de Paris, de Bruxelles et du Hampshire
Authors: Blondeau A. , Curry Dennis
Published: March 2020

Specimens of Nummulites variolarius (Lmk) and N. laevigatus collected from the Lutetian of the Paris basin (France) and the basins of Brussels (Belgium) and Hampshire (England) permit the correlation of the basal Lutetian beds of the three areas. Fisher bed VIII (Isle of Wight) is correlated with Zone II of the Lutetian of the Paris basin and with the Bruxellian of Jodoigne. Fisher beds VII and VI are correlated with Zone I of the Paris basin Lutetian and with the base of the Bruxellian of Forest and the Flandrian mountains.
Observations sur la sedimentation argileuse du debut des temps tertiaires en Aquitaine
Authors: Klingebiel Andre
Published: March 2020

Examination of a section which cuts into the Dreuilhe anticline in the southern Aquitaine basin (Plantaurel) reveals a similarity between the deposits there and those in the northern part of the basin. In the core of the anticline the Maestrichtian lower red marls contain clays and red sandstone with montmorillonite and kaolinite, suggesting deposition in a vast depression lacking sufficient drainage, and in a medium rich in Ca (super ++) and Mg (super ++) . The upper red marls in the hard band of Montian lacustrine limestone with Microcodium have an analogous composition and correspond to calm tectonic and climatic conditions. Lacustrine marls with attapulgite directly underlie the transgressive Thanetian marine deposits. The passage from the Thanetian to the Sparnacian is marked by lacustrine facies, predominantly montmorillonite, and an increasing abundance of illites. The dominance of montmorillonite in a tectonically unstable area suggests that the adjacent continental mass was of low relief and was characterized by a tropical climate with alternating dry and humid seasons. The increase in kaolinite accompanying the arrival of the coarse detritus of the Ypresian is interpreted as the result of rhexistasy. The Lutetian is characterized by sandstones and limestones with associated montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite. This phase represents the return of the sea, and the detrital nature of the deposits is a result of the uplift of the Pyrenean massifs. These phenomena are analogous to those that have been reported previously from the Paleocene series of Bordelais (northern part of the basin) suggesting a similar paleogeographic evolution for the two areas.
Le Quaternaire de la basse Somme; tentative de synthese
Authors: Agache Roger , Bourdier Franck , Petit Raymond
Published: March 2020

The lower valley of the Somme river (northern France) contains a succession of interglacial deposits--fluviomarine sands, littoral bands, alteration zones, tuffs, periglacial deposits, loess, and coarse fluviatile alluvium--which can be correlated with the glaciations of the French Alps. The deposits range from pre-Guenz to post-Wuerm and are identified by their flora and fauna and the remains of prehistoric industries. Cross-sections illustrate the positions of the levels discussed.
Observations sur la flore fossile du bassin de Bagnasco (Italie, prov. de Cuneo)
Authors: Gruas-Cavagnetto Carla
Published: March 2020

Seventy-five fossil plant species found at the top of the continental series at Bagnasco are assigned to the Chattian. A paleogeographic reconstruction determined from characteristics of the flora indicates the presence of a lake surrounded by mountains, the different plant groupings following a suitable altitude and exposure. The climate was subtropical at this time, whereas that of the lower Oligocene was tropical. This indicates a progressive change resulting in a temperate climate during the Miocene.
Etude stratigraphique et tectonique de la region du lac de Santa Croce (Alpes meridionales, province de Belluno, Italie)
Authors: Fadat Charles
Published: March 2020

The rocks of the Santa Croce lake region belong to the calcareous southern Alps formed from a lower Triassic sequence. The sediments show a facies change between the reefal series of the Friuli zone to the east and the deep water Belluno zone to the west. The entirely marine series may be divided into two groups: the Liassic to Oligocene beds characterized by the absence of terrigenous sediments with thick limestones; and Eocene to Oligocene terrigenous flysch deposits. The area is part of the Venetian Prealps with east to west structural orientation.
Contribution a l'etude geologique des Prealpes carniques orientales (Alpes meridionales, province d'Udine, Italie)
Authors: Cousin Michel
Published: March 2020

A lower Liassic to upper Miocene sedimentary sequence, west of Tagliamento, marks a transition from the reef facies of the Friuli zone to the deep water sediments of the Julian Alps. Three distinct tectonic regions can be separated by their stratigraphy: the Pradis-Forgaria autochthon of upper Cretaceous rudistid limestone and lower Eocene flysch underlying Oligocene marls and Miocene molasse; an inclined fold in the Pala-Prat-Pedroc area consisting of Norian to Paleocene fossiliferous limestones; and the Corno-Covria unit. The major tectonics are considered to be post-Pontian.
Sur un cas d'heterotrophie de Microcodium
Authors: Gottis Maurice
Published: March 2020

A colony of Microcodium is present in a layer of Berriasian calcareous rock to the south of the Alpilles chain in eastern Provence, France. The cavernicole nature of these organisms indicates that they are heterotrophic. If this is so then their appearance in a karst regime can not be justified. It is suggested, therefore, they should be assigned to the animal kingdom.
Nouvelles observations sur les roches vertes de l'anticlinal de Laniscat-Merleac (Cotes-du-Nord)
Authors: Nicolas Jean , Sagon Jean Paul
Published: March 2020

Observations on the dolerites of the northern flank of the E-W-trending Laniscat-Merleac anticline in NW France suggest that the rocks were emplaced as coulees. A well-marked granular differentiation in the rock supports this hypothesis; the coarse-grained rocks are in contact with Devonian rocks at the bottom of the coulee and the fine-grained rocks are in contact with Dinantian rocks at the top. Chemical analysis shows that there is a diminishing of Na 2 O and an augmentation of the percentage of CaO ranging from the boundary of the coarse-grained rock to that of the fine-grained. Overlying the green rocks are green schists of comparable chemical composition attributed to former tuffs which were subject to regional epimetamorphism. Finally, a coarse-grained, green rock sample has been traced to the spilite family.
Le probleme structural de la Pinede de Durban-Corbieres, Languedoc (Aude)
Authors: Azema Jacques , Durand Delga Michel , Foucault Alain
Published: March 2020

The structural complexity of the Pinede massif, between Albas and Durban in southwest France, is due to the superposition of various tectonic phases and paleogeographic events. Partial E-W fractures were formed after the tangential Hercynian tectonics but before the Triassic and a transgressive sequence was deposited during the Triassic on a peneplaned base. This was followed by the deposition of Jurassic and Aptian series. Tectonic events occurred, accompanied by aerial erosion of the sediments between the Aptian and Senonian. Small folds and fractures occurred after the middle Miocene and erosion was contemporaneous with emergence, allowing only a slight relief. After the advance of the eastern Corbieres nappe, the remaining strata were folded toward the northwest and were dragged along as overthrust sheets. Finally, erosion cut away the autochthons and allochthons and the even surface was slightly folded and fractured.
Esquisse geologique de la region de Ceuta (Maroc)
Authors: Durand Delga Michel , Kornprobst Jacques
Published: March 2020

Structural units of the Ceuta region (northern Morocco) are superimposed and overlapping is evident in the individual beds. The lower Sebtides unit consists of Ceuta epimetamorphic gneiss and micaschist (Silurian-Carboniferous?); and micaceous and phyllitic schists, white quartzites and dolomites of the Beni-Mezala, Boquete des Anjera, and Federico units. The units can be separated and recognized by their varying degrees of alpine metamorphism: the Beni-Mezala displaying strong metamorphic effects and the Boquete des Anjera and Federico metamorphosed to a lesser degree. Alpine metamorphism was ended prior to the formation of the upper (Ghomaride) unit nappes. All of the units, associated with the internal Rif zone, plunge westward toward the Haouz limestone and the Jabal Musa.
Contribution a l'etude des niveaux pliocenes du Peloponnese et des marnes supra-oligocenes de Zante (Grece)
Authors: Bignot Gerard , Dercourt Jean , Le Calvez Yolande
Published: March 2020

Lithologic and micropaleontologic study of four sections in the Peloponnesus gives an indication of the paleoecology and paleogeography in the area during the Pliocene. The deepest facies consists of limestone marls with benthonic foraminifera (especially Buliminidae). A decrease in the salinity of the water reduced the foraminifera population to euryhaline forms in a laguno-marine facies of marls at the base of the first conglomeratic mass. The Astian facies is represented by sandy marine limestones typical of shallow, near-shore waters, and by a marl rich in shell debris with foraminifera characteristic of littoral muds and shallow, but salty water. Post-Oligocene formations on Zante island are described on the basis of their lithology and micropaleontology. The post-Oligocene foraminifera are essentially planktonic.
Radiographie de foraminiferes
Authors: Glacon Georgette
Published: March 2020

Radiography of the internal morphology of shells of foraminifera living on the Tunisian coast solved a number of problems by making possible examination of large numbers of individuals with an economy of time and specimens. Disadvantages encountered were structural damage resulting from X-ray flux of too great intensity, and poor visibility of internal structure in foraminifera from clay or pyritic sediments.
Revision de deux Zeliszkellinae (trilobites) des 'schistes a Calymenes' (Llandeilien) du massif armoricain
Authors: Henry Jean Louis
Published: March 2020

A new description of Zeliszkella torrubiae and Dalmanitina (Eodalmanitina) macrophthalma from the Armorican massif of northwestern France is based largely upon material from the Calymene shale.
Duplicatures de la crete de la Blanche pres Seyne (Basses-Alpes)
Authors: Goguel J.
Published: March 2020

The west side of La Blanche mountain is made up of intensely-deformed limestone and marl of Jurassic and Cretaceous age overlain by marl and the upper Eocene(?) Annot sandstone. The western part of the great Ubaye-Embrun nappe surmounts these autochthonous rocks to the east of the divide. On the northern part of the mountain, the nappe generally rests upon Jurassic but locally on Eocene beds. In the southern part, the nappe lies only upon the Annot sandstone, the uppermost formation in the autochthonous mass. The mountain is cut by a series of complex eastward-dipping thrust faults, accompanied by many lesser thrust and normal faults. The result is multiple repetition of beds of the autochthon on both a very large and a smaller scale.
Interpretation des laminites dans une serie a turbidites du Culm des Vosges meridionales
Authors: Gagny Claude
Published: March 2020

Much of the terrain occupied by the Devonian-Dinantian (lower Carboniferous) in the southern Vosges mountains of eastern France belongs to the Markstein and Odern complexes. These are separated by a thrust fault whose trace is marked by a line of klippen represented by a string of exotic erosional massifs. The Markstein complex of shales and greywackes is allochthonous Culm (lower Carboniferous) comprising a series of flysch type turbidites. The laminites of the series exhibit the microfigures of sedimentation such as micro-erosion, micro-current ripple-marks, micro-sinking by thixotropy, micro-carpet traction, micro-slumping, microboudinage, and micro-cross lamination. Major sedimentary rhythms are clearly shown.
Precisions nouvelles sur les terrains metamorphiques du mont Pilat (Massif central) et leur histoire cristallogenetique
Authors: Chenevoy Maurice
Published: March 2020

Metamorphic rocks of the Pilat mountain area of the Central Massif near St. Etienne exhibit three periods of metamorphic effects involving anomalies. Period I, the oldest, is represented by mesozonal gneiss and schist (amphibolite-almandine facies) cropping out along the NW side of the area. They are part of the pre-Hercynian metamorphics of the south flank of the Lyonnais mountains. Period II involved epizonal retromorphism and recrystallization. These rocks crop out in a belt along the SE margin of the Period II series. Period III involved thermal, and probably contact metamorphism, resulting in zonation of a belt with chlorite, biotite, cordierite, andalusite, and sillimanite zones in succession SE to the Pilat mountain granite. Period III probably is younger than II. The chemical composition of the granite is anomalous. This may be the metamorphism under deficient shearing stress described by Harker, or Buchan type metamorphism, as described by Read and used by Forestier to explain the schists of the upper Allier river area of the massif.
Evolution tectonique de la montagne Sainte-Victoire en Provence
Authors: Corroy Georges , Durand Jean Pierre , Tempier Claude
Published: March 2020

The Sainte Victoire mountain, NE of Marseilles in southern France, is an eroded, thrust-faulted anticline of Jurassic limestone and dolomite. The broad fold, with a shorter south limb, developed in the late Cretaceous, and was eroded during the Eocene. The fold was overturned and split by a thrust fault in the late Eocene. Erosion again occurred, and further deformation took place in the late Miocene.
Caracteres mineralogiques et chimiques des ordanchites de la vallee de la Santoire (massif du Cantal)
Authors: Vatin-Perignon Nicole
Published: March 2020

Ordanchite is relatively rare in the volcanic rocks of the Cantal massif of the Auvergne region of France. It occurs as short, thin coulee flows overlain by the last Pliocene basalt flows, and also as blocks in pyroclastic deposits. It is more siliceous and alkaline than the ordanchite of the Mont Dore massif adjacent on the north, and resembles phonolite and basalt.
Sur le Cretace du versant ouest du Kopaonik, region de Novi-Pazar (Stara Raska, Yougoslavie)
Authors: Rampnoux Jean Paul
Published: March 2020

The upper Cretaceous formations of the Novi-Pazar area in southwestern Yugoslavia are reef limestones (lower Senonian), marine pelagic beds (Campanian-upper Senonian), and flysch (Maestrichtian-uppermost Senonian) occupying a syncline with the characteristic Dinaric northwest trend. The syncline is overridden on the northeast side by Jurassic ophiolite including masses of serpentine and diabase-radiolarites.
Reflexions sur le facies 'ammonitico rosso'
Authors: Aubouin Jean
Published: March 2020

The 'ammonitico rosso' of limestone formations in the Mediterranean region involve involves problems of age and facies relationships. Two principal facies types occur in the southern Alps, the 'ammonitico rosso' limestone type (known as 'calcare rosso ammonitico di Verona' from the type occurrence in quarries of the Verona region in northern Italy), and the 'ammonitico rosso' marl. Both types are characterized by variable red to green color governed by the valence of the iron content, and the rich ammonite content. In the Alpine cycle of the southern Alps, 'ammonitico rosso' is systematically lacking at certain stratigraphic levels, as the lower Triassic and the Cretaceous, but is characteristic of middle and upper Lias (lower Jurassic) and Malm (upper Jurassic), indicating a relationship to stages of geosynclinal evolution. The limestone type occurs on rides, either as condensed sedimentation on pelagic haut-fonds of the Briancon ride type, or as a belt representing a given depth zone on the flanks of a neritic haut-fond of the Gavrovo ride type. The marl occurs in sillons as an accident in the fundamental marl-limestone series of sediments. 'Ammonitico rosso' facies elsewhere in the Mediterranean region are discussed, with particular attention to those of Hercynian age.
Structure geologique et genese du gisement de cuivre de Corocoro (Bolivie)
Authors: Pelissonier Hubert
Published: March 2020

This paper, written at the request of the Societe Minerais et Metaux, summarizes the unpublished 400-page report (1928) on the Corocoro copper-mining region of Bolivia by the late L. Crussard, with modifications from recent observations. The country rocks of the mining district, exposed in a large diapiric anticline, are principally the Oligocene (?) Ramos series of incompetent lagoonal shaly sandstones with intercalated gypsum, rock salt, and gypsiferous clays, and ore beds of competent lacustrine and fluviatile sandstones. The copper deposits, surrounded by alteration haloes, occur selectively in the most permeable sandstones within 150 meters of the Corocoro fault. Chalcocite is the principal copper mineral in the ore beds, and native copper characterizes the Ramos series as well as the deeper zone. The gangue is principally gypsum. Structurally, the district is on one flank of a diapiric anticline whose incompetent Ramos core was squeezed out by disharmonic movement into a recumbent position upon the competent beds of the limb. A thick bed of shale served as the mattress for the movement, and differential movement sufficed to slickenside the shale enough to simulate a major fault. Epigenetic solutions rose along channels in the vertical side of the diapir to deposit copper.
Les grands traits d'une structure nouvelle proposee pour le massif de Sainte-Victoire
Authors: Touraine Fernand
Published: March 2020

The Sainte-Victoire mountain in southern France has been considered the overturned southern limb of the Vauvenargues anticline, but the structure east of the Delubre fault is complicated by an oblique fold. The western margin is concealed by transgressive Tortonian (middle Miocene) beds covering the plateau of Beaumettes. The anticline probably is upper Cretaceous. Folding was renewed in the upper Lutetian (middle Eocene), and resulted in overturning and thrust faulting of the south limb. Subsequent normal faulting compartmented the mass, resulting in selective differential movement of blocks as horsts and grabens. The term piano keys structure is given to this type of structure.
Le brachyanticlinal des pics des Corbeaux, dans le massif de la Sainte-Baume (Var)
Authors: Corroy Georges , Philip Jean
Published: March 2020

The brachyanticline of the Corbeaux peaks near the village of Plan d'Aups in southeastern France, overturned and axially thrust-faulted, is unusual for the height of the fold as contrasted with its length and width. The structure is a miniature of the type of structure characterizing Provence.
Etude geologique de la rive occidentale du lac de Garde de Bogliaco a Salo et des regions situees a l'est de Brescia (Alpes meridionales, province de Brescia, Italie)
Authors: Cadet Jean Paul
Published: March 2020

The stratigraphic section exposed on the west bank of Garda lake and the northern Po plain, northern Italy, represents continuous marine sedimentation from the lower Jurassic to the Lutetian (Eocene), followed by isolated outcrops of Oligocene to Pliocene deposits as young as Calabrian. The two regions studied belong to the Judicarian tectonic phase which produced NNE-SSW oriented structures. The Mesozoic-Tertiary series is represented by varying facies, from thin neritic limestones in the lower Lias to conglomerates, sands, and clays in the Pliocene. These deposits occupy the east flank of the Lombardy trough and were influenced by the Tridentine fold system to the east. The deposits suggest that the area is a transition zone between the Lombardy to the west and the Tridentine to the east.
Decouverte d'une nouvelle espece d'Atlanta (heteropode) dans le Bartonien de Barisseuse (Oise)
Authors: Gougerot Louis , Braillon Jean
Published: March 2020

A new gastropod species, Atlanta arenularia, is described from the lower Bartonian at Barisseuse (Oise, France). This is the second heteropod known from the Eocene of the Paris basin.
Les formations precambriennes de l'extremite orientale de l'axe cristallin Yetti-Eglab (Sahara algerien occidental)
Authors: Caby Renaud
Published: March 2020

Two volcanic series are evident in Precambrian outcrops at the eastern end of the Yetti-Eglab axis in the Algerian Sahara. The lower series consists of volcanics subjected to two distinct periods of stress: one involving syntectonic metamorphism, accompanied or followed by migmatization and granitization, and a second involving retrograde metamorphism. The upper Precambrian series is represented by varied volcanics and volcanic detritus, folded and strongly granitized. Acidic rock types predominate in the northern part of the area, basic types in the south, and water-laid tuff deposits in the east.
Etude sur la stratigraphie et la tectonique du pic de Kirchdach dans le massif de Serles-Kesselspits (region du Brenner-Tyrol, Autriche)
Authors: Geyssant Jacques
Published: March 2020

A comparison of the Kirchdach peak (Stubai Alps, northwest of Brenner) with the Radstaedter Tauern and Tarntaler Berge massifs, based on stratigraphy and tectonics, indicates that the Kirchdach formations are post-Triassic. Two tectonic units are recognized: the Oetztal crystalline basement and the overlying Mesozoic deposits belonging to the middle Austro-Alpine; and the Paleozoic quartz-phyllites and the nonmetamorphic Mesozoic rocks of the upper Austro-Alpine.
L'alteration en boule des granites a gros grains et leur nature petrographique; cas du granite de Plan de la Tour (Var)
Authors: Triat Jean Marie
Published: March 2020

The Plan de la Tour granite massif, southern France, exhibits two facies of slightly different age. The porphyroblastic granite is much more resistant to weathering than the cordierite granite. Differences in resistance to weathering are attributed to differences originating in the magma at emplacement.
Revue du Quaternaire marin libanais
Authors: Fleisch Henri , Gigout Marcel
Published: March 2020

Quaternary beach levels have been identified on the coast of Lebanon, at Nahr El Kelb, at elevations of 5-6 m, 15-20 m, and 30-35 m above sea level, and abandoned shorelines at 70 and 100 m. Elevation of the coast line is the result of orogenic movements associated with the uplift of Mount Lebanon. Minor deformations are apparent in other parts of the Lebanese littoral.
Geologie des confins des provinces d'Alicante et de Murcie (Espagne)
Authors: Azema Jacques
Published: March 2020

Within the Alicante and Murcia provinces (Spain) the superposition of two large structural units can be seen: the Prebetic autochthonous complex in the north and the Subbetic allochthonous complex in the south. The autochthonous complex reflects a dual evolution in space and time which is expressed in the Tertiary as two provinces--the Prebetic of Alicante and the western Prebetic--and in the Jurassic and Cretaceous by the development of a north to south facies differentiation. The Subbetic domain on the other hand represents homogeneous sedimentation and constitutes a single paleogeographic unit. The Subbetic rests unconformably on southern formations of the Prebetic, its maximum observable displacement being on the order of 15-20 km.
Sur la tectonique tertiaire du massif paleozoique de la Sierra de la Demanda (Espagne) et de sa couverture mesozoique et cenozoique
Authors: Colchen Michel
Published: March 2020

A sketch map of the tectonics of the Sierra de la Demanda Paleozoic massif and its Mesozoic and Cenozoic cover is presented. Two major units can be distinguished: a western unit in which the cover is closely associated with vertical movements of the basement complex, and an eastern unit in which large vertical and tangential movements of the basement are expressed in large cover folds. Two orogenic phases are--one prior to the upper Oligocene that folded the cover and the other post-Miocene which reactivated the basement faults and steepened the cover folds.
Sur quelques caracteres du volcanisme precambrien dans la region de Silet (Ahaggar occidental, Sahara central)
Authors: Gravelle Michel
Published: March 2020

In the region of Silet (western Ahaggar, central Sahara) two major volcanic episodes predating the deposition of the Cambro-Ordovician Tassilis sandstone are identified. They are definitely pre-Tremadoc (uppermost Cambrian or lowermost Ordovician) and are probably both Precambrian. The volcanic rocks of the Timesselarsine series (lower series) are apparently the result of submarine volcanism, while the volcanic rocks of Adrar Irellouchem (upper series) originated during subaerial or continental volcanism. All of these volcanic rocks seem to have been derived from calc-alkaline magmas of the Pacific type, which are characteristic of folded ranges.
Nappes de ponces du Cantal et du Mont-Dore; leurs aspects volcanologique, petrographique et mineralogique
Authors: Brousse Robert , Lefevre Christian
Published: March 2020

In the volcanic massifs of Mont-Dore and Cantal (Central Massif of France), Villafranchian (Pleistocene) pumice 'nappes' occur. The pumice has an acidic and tholeiitic character and represents a type of ignimbrite. It originated from calc-alkaline material formed by remobilization of the gneissic basement of the large volcanoes, followed by a mixture of basalts and products of anatectic fusion. Granulometric analysis of the ignimbrite enables location of the calderas that were the centers of eruption. The temperature of the ignimbrites at the time of their emission is estimated at 900-1000 degrees C.
Sur la presence de galets de laves rhyolitiques dans les conglomerats du delta miocene de Voreppe (Isere)
Authors: Bocquet Jacqueline , Michel Robert
Published: March 2020

The Miocene of the Grenoble region (France) is composed almost entirely of conglomerates of deltaic origin. Among the pebbles are volcanic rocks of a rhyolitic nature, which have been studied microscopically and chemically. These rhyolitic pebbles may be the remains of a lower Tertiary volcanic episode with a center located in the ultra-Dauphinois flysch zone, now obliterated by erosion. For the western Alps, lower Tertiary volcanism would be considered an important link in the magmatic evolution connected with the Alpine orogeny.
Etude biostratigraphique du Cenomanien du bassin superieur de l'Esteron (Alpes-Maritimes); le probleme de la limite cenomanien-turonien dans le sud-est de la France
Authors: Porthault Bernard , Thomel Gerard , Villoutreys O. de
Published: March 2020

The boundary between Cenomanian and Turonian (upper Cretaceous) beds in the upper basin of the Esteron river (Alpes-Maritimes, France) is defined on the basis of ammonites and pelagic foraminifera. The rich faunas of these beds are especially important because Cenomanian and Turonian beds in southeastern France are normally very poor in fossils.
Stratigraphie et paleogeographie du Trias de Lodeve (Herault)
Authors: Orszag-Sperber Fabienne
Published: March 2020

Study of several surface sections and cores reveals new lower Triassic horizons in the Lodeve basin (Herault, southern France). The microfauna is identical to that of the Voltzia sandstone from the Buntsandstein of the Vosges. Thickening of this series in the Lodeve basin shows that the basin was already subsiding in the Permian and continued to do so during the Triassic and even later.
Les alluvions littorales quaternaires de la cote landaise meridionale
Authors: Legigan Philippe , Schoeller H.
Published: March 2020

A Flandrian [Quaternary] marine terrace forms the coastal zone between Biarritz and Hossegor [west coast of France]. It is bordered on the east, between the Adour and Ondres, by Pliocene hills, but farther north, next to outcrops of the Landes sands, by typical parabolic dunes. This terrace, averaging 2 km in width and 20 to 30 m in thickness, rests on a Tertiary substratum. It is composed of sands, gravels, and small pebbles as well as fluviomarine silts. The macrofauna recovered comprises modern littoral forms. Post-Flandrian eolian deposits cover it.
Nouvelle correction stratigraphique au sommet du Cengle (Bouches-du-Rhone)
Authors: Touraine Fernand
Published: March 2020

Stratigraphic revision of the summit of the Cengle plateau (Bouches-du-Rhone, southern France), based on facies and fossils, indicates that it is not formed of Eocene strata but of a transgressive Oligocene sequence which is slightly discordant on the underlying rocks. An east-west anticline parallel to the principal faults of Sainte-Victoire mountain existed before the Oligocene and has been rejuvenated since that time. A summary is given of the Oligocene transgressive sequence.
Contribution a l'etude geologique des chainons compris entre l'Arc et la vallee de Lambesc a l'ouest d'Aix-en-Provence (Bouches-du-Rhone)
Authors: Busser Tristan , Pachoud Albert
Published: March 2020

Surveys carried out west of Aix-en-Provence (southern France) supplemented by drill-core data from an exploratory boring for oil indicate that the upper Jurassic and lower Cretaceous are of greater thickness than heretofore thought. The facies are transitional between those of the coast and those of the Vocontian basin. This part of Provence, although formerly considered to have been affected only by superficial folds, is actually a large recumbent fold formed during two tectonic phases. One occurred during the late Cretaceous, developing an east-west-trending ridge; the other occurred during the upper Eocene, causing thrusting and overturning of the fold, whose crest had been removed by erosion.
Sur un insecte westphalien precurseur de la serie blattinopsode (protorthopteres)
Authors: Laurentiaux D.
Published: March 2020

The middle Westphalian (Carboniferous) Protoblattinopsis is the earliest known blattinopsid protorthopteran genus. The venation of Protoblattinopsis and the evolution of this venation from Protoblattinopsis to Blattinopsis are discussed. The new family Protoblattinopsidae is established.
Nouvelles observations sur les brachiopodes devoniens du Maroc presaharien
Authors: Drot Jeannine
Published: March 2020

Hollardiella akkaensis n. gen. n. sp. (Orthacea) from the upper Eifelian, and Linguopugnoides carens taidaltensis n. subsp. from the upper Lochkovian are described.
Presence de Bouleiceras nitescens Thevenin dans l'est des cordilleres Betiques (prov. de Valence, Espagne)
Authors: Bizon G. , Champetier Yves , Franiatte-Guerin Simone , Rollet A.
Published: March 2020

The ammonite Bouleiceras nitescens, characteristic of the Arabian-Madagascan domain, was discovered in the Liassic of Valencia, Spain. On the basis of the associated fauna, the ammonite-bearing marls are assigned to the upper Pliensbachian. The occurrence of this ammonite species is attributed to transportation of individual floating shells by surface currents, rather than to faunal migration.
Les nummulites de l'Eocene de Belgique
Authors: Blondeau A.
Published: March 2020

A synthesis of present knowledge of the nummulites of Belgium seems necessary. Measurements and statistics which will aid in identification have been added to the species descriptions. The nummulites are described in chronologic order of their appearance and their distribution is indicated as a function of the paleogeography of the basins of Belgium, England, and France.
Age de mise en place des unites superieures du Betique de Malaga et de la partie meridionale du Subbetique (transversale de la Sierra de Espuna, Province de Murcie, Espagne)
Authors: Paquet J.
Published: March 2020

The upper units of the Sierra de Espuna, which belong to the Malaga nappe, were emplaced before the Auversian and after the upper Lutetian (Eocene). During this period, the Betic of Malaga was united with the inner part of the Subbetic. Situated between two major domains, the Rio de Pliego 'limiting zone' contains postnappe beds in which the upper Eocene and then the Auversian, Oligocene, Aquitanian, and the Burdigalian [Miocene] are represented. In the transverse Espuna range, the second major tectonic event occurred in the middle Miocene, a period during which the Subbetic was thrust over the Prebetic autochthon.
Note preliminaire sur la faune ichthyologique du Jurassique superieur du Montsech (Espagne)
Authors: Wenz Sylvie
Published: March 2020

Systematic descriptions, new species, Kimmeridgian-Portlandian
Duperieria nov. gen. (echinide holectypoide, echinoneide), dans le Lutetien de Biarritz (Basses-Pyrenees)
Authors: Roman Jean
Published: March 2020

Systematic description, Eocene, France
Sur les relations entre Corse 'hercynienne' et Corse alpine; age des schistes lustres; inventaire des acquisitions et des problemes, des progres et des regressions
Authors: Routhier Pierre
Published: March 2020

Metamorphic space-time relations, igneous and metamorphic petrogenesis, tectogenesis, Mesozoic (Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous?) age of the schistes lustres, France
Le detroit morvano-vosgien a-t-il existe au Lias?
Authors: Mouterde Rene , Tintant Henri
Published: March 2020

Littoral platform, sediments from northern continental source area, southward diminishment of sediments, lithofacies, sedimentation diagrams, France
Une coupe a travers les series a radiolarites des monts Pichakun (Zagros, Iran)
Authors: Ricou Luc Emmanuel
Published: March 2020

Upper Jurassic-Neocomian (Cretaceous) radiolarite series, upper Cretaceous nappe folds, upper Triassic-Cretaceous stratigraphic sequence (Pish-e-kuh zone), facies variations
KAJIAN PRAGMATIK DALAM BAHASA ARAB (ANALISIS BENTUK DAN FUNGSI TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF BAHASA ARAB DALAM FILM “ASHABUL KAHFI”)
Authors: Nurwendah Yusti Dwi , Mahera Intan Annisaul
Published: March 2020

Pragmatik adalah studi yang mempelajari tentang konteks luar bahasa dan maksud tuturan. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada salah satu cabang pragmatik yaitu tindak tutur direktif bahasa Arab dalam film “Ashabul Kahfi”. Penelitian ini berfungsi untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk tindak tutur direktif dan fungsinya dalam film “Ashabul Kahfi”. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis deskriptif, yang mana dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan, (1) tahap pengumpulan data (2) tahap analisis data, dan (3) tahap penyajian hasil analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk tindak tutur direktif bahasa Arab dalam film “Ashabul Kahfi” meliputi tindak tutur langsung, tidak langsung dengan bentuk kalimat imperatif, tidak langsung dengan bentuk kalimat deklaratif dan kalimat interogatif yang ditandai oleh kata tanya, literal, dan tidak literal. Sedangkan fungsi tindak tutur direktif bahasa Arab dalam film “Ashabul Kahfi”adalah tindak tutur direktif Requestives, tindak tutur direktif Questions, tindak tutur direktif Requirements, tindak tutur direktif Prohibitives, tindak tutur direktif Permissives, tindak tutur direktif Advisories.
PROSES INTERFERENSI FONOLOGI PADA PERCAKAPAN BAHASA ARAB SANTRI
Authors: Kholis Muhammad Nur
Published: March 2020

المعهد هو البيئة التي تصدر الإتصال اللغوي بين اللغات، خاصة بين لغة الأم التي اكتسبها الطلاب مند صغارهم ولغة الأجنبية التي تعلمها واستخدمها في الاتصال بينهم داخل المعهد. وإحدى المعاهد الذي يقرر طلابه في استخدام اللغة الأجنبية (العربية والانجليزية) في الكلام هو معهد تعمير الإسلام سوراكرتا. الاتصال اللغوي في هذا المعهد يؤثر تأثيرا هاما في استخدام لغة الطلاب يعني في كلامهم. من تغيير النظام الصوتي، والنظام الصرفي، والتركيبي أو ما يسمى بالتدخل اللغوي. ونخص البحث بالتدخل الصوتي.

وتقرير المسئلة في هذا البحث هو: 1) كيف إجراء التدخل الصوتي في محادثة الطلاب بمعهد تعمير الإسلام سوراكرتا؟. 2) ما الدوافع في التدخل الصوتي عند محادثة الطلاب بمعهد التعمير الإسلام سوراكرتا. لبحث عن الإجابة، استخدم الباحث طريقة البحث النوعي بمصادر البيانات محادثة طلاب معهد تعمير الإسلام وطريقة جمع البيانات يعني تسجيل المحادثة بالمسجل. وبعد أن تجمع البيانات يحللها بطريقة التقسيم. يعني تقسيم البيانات إلى الفروع المختلفة حسب نوعه.

وبعد أن جرى البحث، وجد النتائج التالية: 1) أن إجراء التدخل الصرفي بمعهد تعمير الإسلام سوراكرتا في ثلاث خطوات، وهي تبديل الصوتي، وتزويد الصوتي، وتطويل الصوت. 2) الدوافع في ظهور التدخل الصوتي في محادثو الطلاب باللغة العربية بأسباب تالية: استخدام اللغة العربية مبكرا للطلاب، والفهم الناقص عن اللغة العربية في نطق الحروف والكلمات، وثقافة نطق حروف لغة الأم التي حملها الطلاب في نطق حروف العربية، وتعليم اللغة العربية الناقصة في تصحيح نطق الحروف
Comparison of Visual Performance between Refractive and Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Ye Lingying , Chen Tianyu , Hu Zhixiang , Yang Qiuwen , Su Qiudong , Li Jin
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: To compare the visual performance of asymmetric refractive multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs) with all optic zone diffractive MIOLs. METHODS: A prospective study. Patients underwent phacoemulsification were divided into two groups according to the type of MIOLs: 25 patients were implanted with asymmetric refractive MIOLs and 25 patients with all optic zone diffractive MIOLs. Visual acuity, refraction, defocus curves, objective optical quality and the questionnaire of life quality were measured 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between two groups in uncorrected distance visual acuity、uncorrected near visual acuity、best corrected distance visual acuity or distance corrected near visual acuity. However, the uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.24±0.10 in refractive group and 0.31±0.13 in diffractive group (P<0.05); the distance corrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.22±0.09 in refractive group and 0.31±0.14 in diffractive group (P<0.05). Defocus curves showed two peaks of maximum vision in both groups. However, the curve between two peaks of refractive group was smoother than diffractive group. The Modulated transfer function cut-off frequency was （22.74±12.29）c/d in refractive group and（30.50±10.04）c/d in diffractive group (P<0.05); the OQAS values 100% (OV100%) were 0.75±0.41 in refractive group and 1.02±0.34 in diffractive group（P<0.05），OV20% were 0.52±0.34 in refractive group and 0.71±0.25 in diffractive group （P<0.05）.There was no significant difference between two groups at overall satisfaction, independence spectacles ratio or visual interference phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS: Both MIOLs achieve good visual acuity at distance and near. The asymmetric refractive MIOLs show better intermediate visual acuity, and the all optic zone diffractive MIOLs appear to have better objective visual quality.
In search of universal health coverage – highlighting the accessibility of health care to students with disabilities in Ghana: a qualitative study
Authors: Abodey Eric , Vanderpuye Irene , Mensah Isaac , Badu Eric
Published: March 2020

Background: Accessibility of health care to students with disabilities is a global concern. This is no less important in Ghana, however, to date, no study has been undertaken regarding access to health care to students with disabilities. This study, therefore, aims to explore the accessibility of health care to students with disabilities, in the quest of achieving universal health coverage in Ghana.
Methods: Qualitative methods, involving in-depth interviews were employed to collect data from 54 participants (29 students with disabilities, 17 health workers and 8 school mothers), selected through purposive sampling. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.
Results: The study identified three themes – accessibility, adequacy, and affordability. The study findings highlighted that universal health coverage for students with disabilities has not been achieved due to barriers in accessing health care. The barriers faced by students with disabilities were unfriendly physical environments, structures, equipment, limited support services and poor health insurance policy to finance health care.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the government should prioritize disability-related issues in health policy formulation, implementation and monitoring. The current provisions and requirements in the disability act should be prioritized, enforced and monitored to ensure adequate inclusion of disability issues in health services. Further, the current exemption policy under the National Health Insurance Scheme should be revised to adequately address the needs of people with disabilities.
Experience of Nurse Educators on the Implementation of the Competency-Based Curriculum for Nursing and Midwifery Programmes in Tanzania: A mixed method study.
Authors: Mmari Vumilia Bettuel , Lilian Mselle Teddy , Stephen Kibusi Mathew , Osaki Kalafunja Mlang'a
Published: March 2020

Background: In Tanzania, the competency-based curriculum was introduced in 2008. Despite the government’s efforts to ensure its effective implementation, there has been a public concern on graduate nurses’ and midwives’ competencies in providing quality nursing care in the country. This concern has influenced people to question the process of the implementation of competency-based curriculum for nursing and midwifery programmes. This study describes experiences of the nurse educators in implementing the competency-based curriculum for nursing and midwifery programmes in Tanzania. Methods: Cross section study design using convergent parallel mixed methods approach was used to describe the experience of nurse educators implementing competency-based curriculum. To enhance the validity of the findings, 240 nurse educators, out of 264, answered a questionnaire while the remaining 24 were interviewed. Results: The study found out that nurse educators had difficulties implementing the competency-based curriculum. Nighty-seven percent of participants used lecture discussions, 53% simulation and were not using participatory methods of teaching and learning because of time constraints (25%) and lack of special skills (13%). Qualitative findings revealed inability of the participants to understand concepts and interpret the competency based curriculum. Conclusion: The Nursing and Midwifery CBET curriculum was not implemented as it was intended. Nurse educators lacked understanding of the competency-based curriculum. Further, they reported that they were unable to apply various participatory methods of teaching and learning because of lack of time, equipment and larger number of students. There is need to put in place sustainable strategies for continuous professional development, provision of adequate teaching and learning resources and mentorship. Keywords: Competency-based curriculum, nurse educators’ experience, nursing and midwifery training programmes.
Lesion distribution characteristics of deep infiltrating endometriosis with ovarian endometrioma: An observational clinical study
Authors: Kwok Hungling , Jiang Hongye , Li Tian , Yang Huan , Fei Hui , Cheng Li , Yao Shuzhong , Chen Shu-Qin
Published: March 2020

Background: To investigate the characteristics of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) lesion distribution when associated with ovarian endometrioma (OEM). Methods: The present study analyzed retrospective data obtained by the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, between June 2008 to June 2016. A total of 304 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery for complete removal of endometriosis by one experienced surgeon, and histological confirmation of OEM associated with DIE was conducted for each patient. Clinical data were recorded for each patient from medical, operative and pathological reports. Patients were then divided into two groups according to unilateral or bilateral OEM. Patients with unilateral OEM were subsequently divided into two subgroups according to OEM location (left- or right-hand side) and the diameter of the OEM (≤50 and >50 mm). The distribution characteristics of DIE lesions were then compared between the groups. Results: DIE lesions were widely distributed, 30 anatomical sites were involved. Patients with associated unilateral OEM (n=184 patients) had a significantly increased number of DIE lesions when compared with patients with bilateral OEM (n=120 patients; 2.76±1.52 vs. 2.33±1.34; P=0.006). Compared with bilateral OEM with DIE, there was a higher rate of intestinal (39.1% vs. 18.3%; P<0.01) and vaginal (17.4% vs. 6.7%; P<0.01) infiltration by DIE lesions in unilateral OEM with DIE. The mean number of DIE lesions was not significantly correlated with the location or size of the OEM (2.83±1.56 vs. 2.74±1.53; P=0.678; and 2.65±1.42 vs. 2.80±1.43; P=0.518, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups with OEM ≤50 mm and >50 mm. Conclusion: Lesion distribution characteristics in women diagnosed with histologically proven OEM associated with DIE were frequently multifocal and severe. Key Words: ovarian endometrioma, deep infiltrating endometriosis, lesion distribution characteristics
Applicability of the Five Case Model to African eHealth investment decisions
Authors: Broomhead Sean C , Mars Maurice , Scott Richard E. , Jones Tom
Published: March 2020

Background: eHealth programmes in African countries face fierce competition for scarce resources. Such initiatives should not proceed without adequate appraisal of their probable impacts, thereby acknowledging their opportunity costs and the need for appraisals to promote optimal use of available resources. However, since there is no broadly accepted eHealth impact appraisal framework available to provide guidance, and local expertise is limited, African health ministries have difficulty completing such appraisals. The Five Case Model, used in several countries outside Africa, has the potential to function as a decision-making tool in African eHealth environments and serve as a key component of an eHealth impact model for Africa. Methods: This study identifies internationally recognised metrics and readily accessible data sources to assess the applicability of the model’s five cases to African countries. Results: Ten metrics are identified that align with the Five Case Model’s five cases, including nine component metrics and one summary metric that aggregates the nine. The metrics cover the eHealth environment, human capital and governance, technology development, and finance and economics. Fifty-four African countries are scored for each metric. Visualisation of the metric scores using spider charts reveals profiles of the countries’ relative performance and provides an eHealth Investment Readiness Assessment Tool. Conclusion: The utility of these comparisons to strengthen eHealth investment planning suggests that the five cases are applicable to African countries’ eHealth investment decisions. The potential for the Five Case Model to have a role in an eHealth impact appraisal framework for Africa should be validated through field testing.