bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Κριτική προσέγγιση των παιδαγωγικών ιδεών του Ivan Illich
Authors: Λασπίδου Αλίκη
Published: May 2024

Κεντρικός σκοπός της διατριβής είναι η ανάλυση, ερμηνεία και κριτική αποτίμηση του συνόλου των παιδαγωγικών ιδεών του Ivan Illich που θεμελιώνονται στη μελέτη της προσωπικής του βιογραφίας και των ιστορικών, οικονομικών, πολιτικών και κοινωνικών συνθηκών εντός των οποίων διαμορφώθηκαν. Η πρωτοτυπία της διατριβής έγκειται στην ολόπλευρη μελέτη του συνόλου του έργου του Illich προκειμένου να εξαχθούν συμπεράσματα για τις παιδαγωγικές του ιδέες. Η διατριβή αποτελείται από τέσσερα κυρίως κεφάλαια. Στο πρώτο παρουσιάζονται τα βιογραφικά στοιχεία για τον Illich σε συνδυασμό με στοιχεία για την ιστορική συγκυρία στην οποία έζησε. Συγκεκριμένα, γίνεται αναφορά στις μεταπολεμικές εξελίξεις στις ΗΠΑ και τη Λατινική Αμερική, στο ρεύμα του Θωμισμού και του Νέο-θωμισμού της Καθολικής Εκκλησίας που ο ίδιος δηλώνει πως ήταν καθοριστικό για τη διαμόρφωσή του, στην Κινεζική Πολιτιστική Επανάσταση για την οποία έχει εκφραστεί αρκετές φορές θετικά, καθώς και στη Θεολογία της Απελευθέρωσης. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο α) παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά οι κοινωνικές απόψεις του Illich, β) περιγράφεται το κοινωνικό πρότυπο της «ευτραπελίας» το οποίο προτείνει και γ) γίνεται κριτική αποτίμηση των απόψεων αυτών με βάση μαρξιστικές θέσεις. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο α) παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά οι κριτικές θέσεις του Illich για το δημόσιο σχολείο, σύμφωνα με τις οποίες αυτό ευθύνεται για την κοινωνική ανισότητα, την κοινωνική αναπαραγωγή, την αποξένωση των μαθητών, την εμπορευματοποίηση της γνώσης, την υπονόμευση της ατομικής πρωτοβουλίας, β) περιγράφεται η εκπαιδευτική πρόταση του Illich των τεσσάρων δικτύων μάθησης που βασίζεται στην ατομική επιλογή και την εμπειρική γνώση και γ) γίνεται κριτική αποτίμηση των προηγούμενων με βάση το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο το οποίο προσφέρουν οι ιδέες του Paulo Freire και της κριτικής παιδαγωγικής. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται άρθρα, βιβλία και διδακτορικές διατριβές που αναφέρονται στις κοινωνικές και παιδαγωγικές ιδέες του Illich και διατυπώνονται σύντομα σχετικά σχόλια. Τέλος, μια συνολική - συνοπτική κριτική προσέγγιση των κοινωνικών και παιδαγωγικών αντιλήψεων και προτάσεων του Illich που έχουν αναλυθεί στα προηγούμενα κεφάλαια, καθώς και μια περιεκτική κριτική επισκόπηση των άρθρων, βιβλίων και διδακτορικών διατριβών που προαναφέρθηκαν, συγκροτούν τα Συμπεράσματα της διατριβής.
PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN AFRICA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Pitua Ivaan , Margaret Namiiro Amelia , Raizudheen Raafidha , Apili Lorraine
Published: May 2024

Background Depression is among the most common mental health disorders affecting social and academic progress of university students globally. However, the variations in prevalence reported by different published studies leaves the true burden of depression among medical students in Africa unknown. Objectives This study aimed at conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis to report the true estimate of prevalence of depression among medical students in Africa between 2012 and 2022. Methods Articles that reported prevalence of depression among medical students in Africa between 2012 and 2022 study period were searched for in PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and Embase. Two investigators independently extracted the data for full review and eligible studies were considered for analysis after a consensus, quality of articles was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal tool [1] for prevalence studies. R version 4.3.2 [2] was used to establish the pooled prevalence using a random effects model, funnel plot and Eggers test were used to check for publication bias. Results A total of twenty-six cross-sectional studies involving 11386 (Females: 6070, 53.3%) medical students, mean age 23, were included in this study. PHQ9 (n=10), DASS21 (n=7), BDI-II (n=5) were the most used screening instruments. The overall pooled prevalence of depression was 38% (p < 0.00). Sub-group analysis by instrument used i.e. DASS21, PHQ-9, BDI-II, revealed prevalence of 50% (p < 0.01), 39% (p < 0.01) and 32% (p < 0.01) respectively. Conclusion Nearly two-fifths of medical students in Africa suffer from depression. The findings emphasize the urgent need for research into the causes, alongside early diagnosis with standardized tools and targeted interventions to manage depression effectively among this demographic. PROPERO (CRD42022372866).
A long tail of truth and beauty: A zigzag pattern of feather formation determines the symmetry, complexity, and beauty of the peacock’s tail
Authors: Singh Rama , Jagadeeshan Santosh
Published: May 2024

Background Darwin assumed that the peacock’s long train was maladaptive and was the indirect effect of selection by female mate choice based on the train’s beauty. While a relationship between the feathers’ elaborate features and mating success has been shown, what features of the train females are attracted to remains controversial. Methods We used museum specimens to examine the anatomical plan underlying feather development responsible for the symmetry of the train. We developed a model based on an alternate arrangement of primordial feather buds during development and locations of concentric circles of symmetric eyespot distribution using the pattern seen on the train as a template. Results We observed a zigzag pattern of feather follicles that determined both the number and the hexagonal arrangement of eyespots on the train. Our model explained not only the alternate arrangement of feathers on the train but also the arrangement of the concentric color rings of the eyespots. While the zigzag pattern explains the symmetry, complexity, and structural beauty of the peacock’s train, it also precludes variation in eyespot number except by annual addition of new rows of feathers as a function of age. Conclusions Since eyespot number and feather length are developmentally correlated and an asymptotic function of a male’s age, their effects on female choice would be confounded and inseparable, and male vigor would be a crucial factor affecting male fitness. Females may not always choose males with the largest number of eyespots, as older males may lack vigor. We propose a multimodal model of female choice where females see eyespot and train size not as separate traits but as one complex trait combining both. The new model may be able to explain conflicting results and why eyespot number alone may not be sufficient to explain female choice.
La frontera vivida: Colombia, Brasil y Perú
Authors: Córdoba Guzmán Dirceo Olmedo , Córdoba Guzmán Paulo Tirso
Published: May 2024

En estas páginas se intenta contribuir al esfuerzo que busca trazar historias desde la Amazonía. Conocemos las limitaciones de una labor de esa magnitud, donde la mayoría de veces se debe privilegiar la tradición oral de transmisión de historias, donde la inexistencia de registros sonoros que corroboren dichas historias es un asunto preocupante en pleno siglo xxi y donde se depende tanto de la memoria del ser humano que los relatos en ocasiones deben ser descartados irremediablemente en la investigación académica por falta de «pruebas».
Diagnóstico y manejo de los trastornos del sueño en el adulto mayor
Authors: Palacios Sánchez Leonardo
Published: May 2024

En este capítulo se revisa la clasificación de los trastornos del sueño, las indicaciones de la polisomnografía y el tratamiento de las causas más comunes de trastornos de sueño en el adulto mayor.
La evangelización de las comunidades indígenas del Nuevo Reino de Granada durante el siglo XVI
Authors: García Rincón Leonardo Fabián
Published: May 2024

Este texto se centrará en el intervalo que va desde 1549 —con la creación de la Real Audiencia de Santafé este año y el establecimiento de las órdenes religiosas— y 1602 —cuando fueron organizados los pueblos de indios por los funcionarios de la Corona Luis Henríquez y Antonio Beltrán de Guevara para facilitar la evangelización—. En ese intervalo fue sumamente importante la redacción del Catecismo de fray Luis Zapata de Cárdenas en 1575, el cual se convirtió en un referente de la labor misional religiosa, e impuso prescripciones tanto a doctrineros como a indios.
Generalidades de la historia concordataria en Colombia
Authors: Tamayo Franco Rafael
Published: May 2024

En este breve texto se presentarán las generalidades del concordato en Colombia con un enfoque principalmente jurídico, así como sus circunstancias históricas más significativas. Esto podrá generar una visión de conjunto que permita al lector asociar y entender las continuidades y las discontinuidades histórico-normativas en la materia.
Iglesia, política y violencia en Colombia durante la Concentración Nacional, 1930-1934
Authors: Vázquez Piñeros María del Rosario
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo explica la relación entre Iglesia y política durante la Concentración Nacional y en los orígenes de La Violencia bipartidista, etapa en la cual la cuestión religiosa continuó siendo motivo de divergencia entre los partidos Liberal y Conservador. Si bien es verdad que Roma emitió instrucciones para evitar enfrentamientos con el liberalismo y regular la actitud del clero en materia política, lo cierto es que no hubo homogeneidad en el episcopado. Asimismo, aunque, por un lado, la Iglesia procuró mantenerse al margen del proselitismo político, insistió a sus fieles en la importancia de votar a conciencia, es decir, en contra del liberalismo. Por lo tanto, la confrontación era inevitable. Por otra parte, mientras en la capital de la república las relaciones fueron conciliadoras y de respeto entre las potestades civil y eclesiástica, en las regiones rurales, sobre todo en los Santanderes y Boyacá, donde se desató La Violencia, el clero se vio irremediablemente inmerso en las disputas electorales y el conflicto. A pesar de que la Iglesia se propuso mantener el estatus que le había otorgado el concordato de 1887, y de que Olaya cumplió con el compromiso de respetarlo, ya en la Concentración se hizo evidente que el proceso de secularización era irreversible.
El Sarlaft 4.0 en Colombia. Cambios y desafíos
Authors: Martínez Sánchez Wilson Alejandro , Verán Muñoz Natalia , Humberto Galeano Jorge
Published: May 2024

La Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia emitió en septiembre de 2020 una nueva regulación en relación con las características, los controles y los procedimientos mínimos que deben implementar las instituciones financieras para detectar, prevenir y reportar operaciones sospechosas de lavado de activos, financiación del terrorismo y financiación de la proliferación de armas de destrucción masiva. Este trabajo es el producto de un ejercicio de indagación a través de la metodología de investigación acción participativa, en el que se encuestó y dialogó con un grupo de oficiales de cumplimiento sobre los desafíos que supone la nueva regulación y los posibles cursos de acción para enfrentarlos. La conclusión de este trabajo consiste en que los cambios introducidos por la nueva regulación pueden agruparse en tres categorías: aquellos que buscan flexibilizar las instituciones previstas en la regulación precedente; los que conducen a un endurecimiento de las obligaciones ya existentes; algunos que solo consiguen nivelar las entidades vigiladas más rezagadas, presionándolas a incorporar buenas prácticas que ya son de uso común en su industria. Cada uno de estos grupos de cambios genera preguntas, desafíos y problemas que son explicados en este trabajo.
Cambio de paradigma en la inteligencia financiera desde el lavado de activos y financiación del terrorismo: ¿cuál es el futuro de las Financial Intelligence Sharing Partnership?
Authors: Rodríguez Juan Pablo , Castro René
Published: May 2024

El lavado de dinero y la financiación del terrorismo se sigue presentando en todos los países del mundo y toda la sociedad se está preguntando ¿qué estamos haciendo mal en la lucha contra el lavado de dinero y la financiación del terrorismo? Esto ha llevado a preguntarse también si realmente los sujetos obligados a implementar sistemas antilavado de dinero y contra la financiación del terrorismo (AML/CFT), al reportar operaciones sospechosas (ROS), así como las entidades que investigan este delito como las Unidades de Inteligencia Financiera (UIF), y las autoridades judiciales están utilizando adecuadamente la inteligencia financiera para judicializar estos delitos, o si debemos cambiar la forma en que lo estamos haciendo.
A Comparison of Yield Prediction Approaches Using Long-Term Multi-Crop Site-Specific Data
Authors: Casanova Joaquin , Heineck Garett , Huggins David
Published: May 2024

Highlights

Long-term site-specific multiple-crop yield data is used in two modeling approaches.

Different sources of data, including soil properties, topography, weather, and multispectral data, are tested.

Linear modeling and Bayesian hierarchical modeling (BHM) are evaluated by examining predictions of relative yield.

BHM with spatio-temporal effects provides the best estimates, handles missing data, and provides uncertainty estimates in time and space.

Abstract. Growers in the inland Pacific Northwest face numerous challenges in managing cropping systems. Climate variability, soil degradation, and topography all lead to significant spatial and temporal variability in yield. Often, yield modeling approaches such as deep learning can be “black boxes” or suffer from parameter uncertainty and instability, as with process-based crop models. To explore an alternative, we examined nearly two decades of crop rotation data from the R.J. Cook Agronomy Farm, along with soil properties, topography, weather, and multispectral data. We then tested two modeling approaches to estimate yield: linear modeling (LM) and Bayesian hierarchical modeling (BHM). We found BHM with spatial and temporal random effects performed best in predicting relative yield, both using soil variables as predictors or remotely sensed data. Since the BHM approach handles missing data, offers the possibility of farmer knowledge to be incorporated into prior probabilities, and gives uncertainty, this methodology lends itself well to decision support tools and on-farm study design. Keywords: Bayesian, Long-term, Modeling, Remote sensing, Yield.
Where Is Caesar? The Removal of Octavian in Satires 1 and the Epodes
Authors: Xinyue Bobby
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article enquires into the not-quite-thereness of Octavian in Horace's early poetry. It argues that Octavian's poetic peripherality leading up to Actium is not incidental, but the result of a persistent and careful process of removal. By placing Octavian just beyond the poem's reach, Horace dissociates Octavian from civil-war politics while emphasizing his extraordinary political status. This careful articulation of Octavian's removedness generates two effects. On the one hand, it absolves Octavian of his responsibility in plunging Rome into civil war. On the other hand, it directs the reader's gaze to his increasingly unreachable and indefinable political position.
Multiethnic elites and the management of tropical heat in colonial Malaya, circa 1870s–1930s
Authors: Lowrie Claire , Tarulevicz Nicole , Williamson Fiona , Lam Charmaine H.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: This article considers the responses of multiethnic urban elites to living with tropical heat in colonial Malaya by analysing attitudes towards the meteorological study of temperature, commercial cold storage and hill stations. A transcolonial and transimperial approach is used to illustrate that interest in managing and monitoring temperature was slower to develop in Malaya compared with other tropical colonies. The article also considers how access to methods of ameliorating heat was shaped by colonial hierarchies based on ideas of race and class.
Calling Forth the Future: Joyce and the Messianism of Absence
Authors: Rodgers Jack
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT: Ulysses is so saturated with ruined futurities, false prophets, and parodic messiahs that we might be tempted to conclude that there is no place at all for an ethical or unironic future. However, this essay argues that Joyce is, in fact, invested in a kind of messianic futurity which emerges out of, rather than in opposition to, catastrophe and negativity. Beginning with an examination of the various political and religious broken promises that permeate the novel, I argue that the real temporal commitments in Ulysses are rooted not in what is said but what is unsaid and unsayable—the moments of blindness and absence that emerge in pivotal moments throughout the text. Ultimately, it is through Joyce's use of the figures of both Moses and the prophet Elijah that a radical temporality is best developed, culminating in Molly Bloom's comments on "omission" in "Penelope" and the articulation of an affirmative negation which confronts us with an ethical command to participate in calling forth the future.
Joyce and Dickens, Especially Martin Chuzzlewit
Authors: Gordon John
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT: That Joyce's work frequently shows an awareness of Charles Dickens's has long been recognized. Joyce himself told Samuel Beckett that "a Joyce fan could also be a Dickens fan." In the Padua essays discovered by Louis Berrone, Joyce positioned himself in opposition to what was then the widespread critical disparagement of Dickens's work, admiring his "creative fury," especially in imagining such vivid characters as the Mrs. Gamp of Martin Chuzzlewit . He also showed a familiarity with Dickens's seldom-read Pictures From Italy , which includes a passage notably similar to the opening of "Circe." This essay considers A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man in light of Dickens's two autobiographical novels, David Copperfield and Great Expectations. It proposes that the opening chapters of the former, at the time by far the best-known kunstleroman in English literature, established a narrative pattern of traumas inflicted and then revisited and reconsidered in memory, repeated in A Portrait , and that the latter, in beginning not with the protagonist's documented birth ("I Am Born") but with his first memories, is followed in Joyce's book: "Once upon a time" turns out to be not the words of someone about to tell us a story but the words heard by someone being told a story. Rather unexpectedly, the Dickens work most in evidence, particularly in Finnegans Wake, is Martin Chuzzlewit . As J. S. Atherton found, FW I.2, especially in its sarcastic account of Earwicker's origins, often draws on the language of that novel's shabby-genteel characters. The hostile American "payrodicule" reporter of FW I.3, assaulting the embattled HCE as a "lion" in his "teargarten," echoes the American orator of Martin Chuzzlewit who wants to lynch the Irish "Liberator" Daniel O'Connell for the crime of supporting the liberation of America's slaves. Most strikingly, the language of Mrs. Gamp, the character singled out in Joyce's Padua essay, which often anticipates the language of Finnegans Wake , is, in fact, loaded with neologisms ("Prooshious" for "Prussian," "widdered" for "widowed") that will later show up in that book. As a midwife disquietingly in partnership with the undertaking business, Mrs. Gamp also forecasts a theme which will run through Joyce's work, from "The Sisters" to the washerwomen of Finnegans Wake , including the " Frauenzimmer " of "Proteus," with their "gamp" umbrella and their (supposed) midwife's bag holding a "misbirth … hushed in ruddy wool."
Digital Storytelling: A New Opportunity for the Archival Documentary Heritage of Suzhou Silk
Authors: Niu Li , Zeng Jingyi , Wu Fang , Wang Kexin
Published: May 2024

Abstract: As a critical material manifestation of Chinese culture, silk has both important and significant cultural representational value as well as multidimensional information worth. Silk archives are an important carrier of silk culture and memory. The Archives of Suzhou Silk are the most complete archives of silk in existence and document the heritage of China and even the world beyond. To better tell the story of the Archives of Suzhou Silk in a digital environment, this article adopts a case study method, taking the Taffeta Archives of the Suzhou Dongwu Silk Factory as an example. It approaches these archives from the perspective of archival science and narratology, discusses the digital storytelling framework of the Archives of Suzhou Silk, and builds a narrative-oriented "story material discovery–story element organization–digital story generation" path and an object-oriented "digitization–datamation–graphing–storytelling" path to build content-based and structure-based narrative graphs and narrative space applications. The construction of the digital storytelling framework can fully show the value of the archival documentary heritage of Suzhou silk, allowing it to better tell its story and providing new thinking for the sustainable development of the Memory of the World Documentary Heritage.
Dynamic Control of Cascaded Four-Wave Mixing via Re-configurable Dispersion
Authors: Thapa Shree , Drake James , Hudson Darren
Published: May 2024

We integrate a spatial light modulator-based dispersion controller into a cascaded four-wave mixing (CFWM) system. By tuning the group delay dispersion (GDD) and fourth-order dispersion (FOD) terms, we control the CFWM phase-matching and demonstrate output bandwidth tuning of over 3.3x. At the maximum bandwidth, our system covers the telecommunications S, C, and L bands (1466–1641 nm) with an average output power of 300 mW, which is contained in 52 individual lines spaced 374 GHz apart. This method represents a reconfigurable alternative to photonic crystal fibers for dispersion-engineering, and allows for the use of step index fiber and customizable power-spectral density profiles.
Optimizing test and treat options for vivax malaria: An options assessment toolkit (OAT) for Asia Pacific national malaria control programs
Authors: Acharya Sanjaya , Shrestha Manash , Thang Ngo Duc , Wini Lyndes , Habib M. Naeem , Neukom Josselyn , Lhazeen Karma , Lynch Caroline A. , Thriemer Kamala
Published: May 2024

Designing policy in public health is a complex process requiring decision making that incorporates available evidence and is suitable to a country’s epidemiological and health system context. The main objective of this study was to develop an options assessment toolkit (OAT) to provide a pragmatic and evidence-based approach to the development of policies for the radical cure (prevention of relapse) of vivax malaria for national malaria control programs in the Asia-Pacific region. The OAT was developed using participatory research methods and a Delphi process using a sequential multi-phase design, adapted with a pre-development phase, a development phase, and a final development phase. In the pre-development phase, a literature review was conducted to inform the toolkit development. Data collection in the development phase consisted of core research team discussions, multiple rounds of consultation with participants from National Malaria Control Programs (NMP) (online and in person), and two separate modified e-Delphi processes with experts. The final development phase was the piloting of the toolkit during the annual meeting of the Asia Pacific Malaria Elimination Network (APMEN) Vivax Working Group. We developed a tool kit containing the following elements: i) Baseline Assessment Tool (BAT) to assess the readiness of NMPs for new or improved coverage of radical cure, ii) eight scenarios representative of Asia Pacific region, iii) matching test and treat options based on available options for G6PD testing and radical cure for the given scenarios, iv) an approaches tool to allow NMPs to visualize considerations for policy change process and different implementation strategies/approaches for each test and treat option. The OAT can support vivax radical cure policy formulation among NMPs and stakeholders tailoring for their unique country context. Future studies are needed to assess the utility and practicality of using the OAT for specific country context.
Determining the patency of biliary tracts in dogs with gallbladder mucocele using near-infrared cholangiography with indocyanine green
Authors: Kim Su-Hyeon , Lee Sungin
Published: May 2024

Cholecystectomy is indicated for gallbladder mucoceles (GBM). Evaluating the patency of the biliary duct and precise biliary tree visualization is crucial for reducing the risk of compromised bile flow after surgery. Therefore, intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) is recommended during cholecystectomy to prevent biliary tract injury. Although indocyanine green (ICG) cholangiography has been extensively reported in human medicine, only one study has been conducted in veterinary medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the use of ICG for IOC to identify fluorescent biliary tract images and determine the patency of the common bile duct during cholecystectomy in dogs. This study comprised 27 dogs, consisting of 17 with gallbladder mucoceles (GBM) and 10 controls, specifically including dogs that had undergone elective cholecystectomy for GBM. ICG injection (0.25 mg/kg) was administered intravenously at least 45 minutes before surgery. During the operation, fluorescent images from cholangiography were displayed on the monitor and obtained in black-and-white mode for the comparison of fluorescence intensity (FI). The FI values of the gallbladders (GBs) and common bile duct (CBD) were measured using FI analyzing software (MGViewer V1.1.1, MetapleBio Inc.). The results demonstrated successful CBD patency identification in all cases. Mobile GBM showed partial gallbladder visibility, whereas immobile GBM showed limited visibility. Additionally, insights into the adequate visualization of the remaining extrahepatic biliary tree anatomy were provided, extending beyond the assessment of CBD patency and gallbladder intensity. Our study demonstrates the potential of fluorescent IOC using intravenous injection of ICG for assessing the patency of the cystic duct and common bile duct during cholecystectomy in patients with GBM, eliminating the need for surgical catheterization and flushing of the biliary ducts. Further research is warranted to investigate and validate the broader applicability of ICG cholangiography in veterinary medicine.
An epidemiological study of season of birth, mental health, and neuroimaging in the UK Biobank
Authors: Viejo-Romero Maria , Whalley Heather C. , Shen Xueyi , Stolicyn Aleks , Smith Daniel J. , Howard David M.
Published: May 2024

Environmental exposures during the perinatal period are known to have a long-term effect on adult physical and mental health. One such influential environmental exposure is the time of year of birth which affects the amount of daylight, nutrients, and viral load that an individual is exposed to within this key developmental period. Here, we investigate associations between season of birth (seasonality), four mental health traits (n = 137,588) and multi-modal neuroimaging measures (n = 33,212) within the UK Biobank. Summer births were associated with probable recurrent Major Depressive Disorder (β = 0.026, pcorr = 0.028) and greater mean cortical thickness in temporal and occipital lobes (β = 0.013 to 0.014, pcorr<0.05). Winter births were associated with greater white matter integrity globally, in the association fibers, thalamic radiations, and six individual tracts (β = -0.013 to -0.022, pcorr<0.05). Results of sensitivity analyses adjusting for birth weight were similar, with an additional association between winter birth and white matter microstructure in the forceps minor and between summer births, greater cingulate thickness and amygdala volume. Further analyses revealed associations between probable depressive phenotypes and a range of neuroimaging measures but a paucity of interactions with seasonality. Our results suggest that seasonality of birth may affect later-life brain structure and play a role in lifetime recurrent Major Depressive Disorder. Due to the small effect sizes observed, and the lack of associations with other mental health traits, further research is required to validate birth season effects in the context of different latitudes, and by co-examining genetic and epigenetic measures to reveal informative biological pathways.
Antecedent configuration pathways for manufacturing-enterprise digital servitization: Based on a technology-organization-environment theoretical framework
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhao Huijuan , Zhou Weijie
Published: May 2024

The expeditious advancement and elevation of the manufacturing industry’s transformation and upgrading represent pivotal strides for China in its ascent toward the upper echelons of the global manufacturing value chain. Currently, China’s manufacturing-industry transformation faces the dual-lag quandary of digitalization and servitization. The notion of digital servitization elucidates the interdependent relationship between digitalization and servitization, unveiling the mechanisms underlying the formation of digital servitization. This holds significant implications for advancing the comprehension of digitalization and servitization and, crucially, facilitates the acceleration of China’s manufacturing sector transitioning from production-centric to service-centric paradigms. Harnessing the technology-organization-environment (TOE) theoretical framework, we constructed a model elucidating the driving factors underpinning manufacturing digital servitization. By employing the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we explored strategic decisions and path dependencies in the transformation of manufacturing digital servitization, offering valuable insights to foster China’s manufacturing sector in its digital-servitization journey. The following findings were obtained. (1) A singular condition was insufficient as a prerequisite for manufacturing digital servitization and necessitated the coordinated alignment of multiple variables. (2) Three pathways existed for achieving manufacturing digital servitization: TOE, organization-environment collaborative-oriented, and technology-organization collaborative-oriented. (3) The progression of manufacturing digital servitization resulted from the collective impact of numerous factors, exhibiting a characteristic of different paths leading to the same destination. Various manufacturing enterprises pursued distinct trajectories to achieve digital servitization, contingent upon their unique circumstances. These findings have the potential to provide valuable insights for effectively fostering manufacturing digital servitization.
Interpreting life-history traits, seasonal cycles, and coastal climate from an intertidal mussel species: Insights from 9000 years of synthesized stable isotope data
Authors: Vriesman Veronica Padilla , Bean Jessica R. , Palmer Hannah M. , Banker Roxanne M. W.
Published: May 2024

Understanding past coastal variability is valuable for contextualizing modern changes in coastal settings, yet existing Holocene paleoceanographic records for the North American Pacific Coast commonly originate from offshore marine sediments and may not represent the dynamic coastal environment. A potential archive of eastern Pacific Coast environmental variability is the intertidal mussel species Mytilus californianus. Archaeologists have collected copious stable isotopic (δ18O and δ13C) data from M. californianus shells to study human history at California’s Channel Islands. When analyzed together, these isotopic data provide windows into 9000 years of Holocene isotopic variability and M. californianus life history. Here we synthesize over 6000 δ18O and δ13C data points from 13 published studies to investigate M. californianus shell isotopic variability across ontogenetic, geographic, seasonal, and millennial scales. Our analyses show that M. californianus may grow and record environmental information more irregularly than expected due to the competing influences of calcification, ontogeny, metabolism, and habitat. Stable isotope profiles with five or more subsamples per shell recorded environmental information ranging from seasonal to millennial scales, depending on the number of shells analyzed and the resolution of isotopic subsampling. Individual shell profiles contained seasonal cycles and an accurate inferred annual temperature range of ~ 5°C, although ontogenetic growth reduction obscured seasonal signals as organisms aged. Collectively, the mussel shell record reflected millennial-scale climate variability and an overall 0.52‰ depletion in δ18Oshell from 8800 BP to the present. The archive also revealed local-scale oceanographic variability in the form of a warmer coastal mainland δ18Oshell signal (-0.32‰) compared to a cooler offshore islands δ18Oshell signal (0.33‰). While M. californianus is a promising coastal archive, we emphasize the need for high-resolution subsampling from multiple individuals to disentangle impacts of calcification, metabolism, ontogeny, and habitat and more accurately infer environmental and biological patterns recorded by an intertidal species.
Neurophysiological, balance and motion evidence in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review
Authors: Paramento Matilde , Passarotto Edoardo , Maccarone Maria Chiara , Agostini Michela , Contessa Paola , Rubega Maria , Formaggio Emanuela , Masiero Stefano
Published: May 2024

Background

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal deformity that affects approximately 4% of the world’s population. Several hypotheses regarding the etiology of AIS have been investigated. In the last decades, impaired visual-spatial perception, alterations in spatial body orientation and sensory integration deficits have been documented.

Objective

We aimed to summarize the neurophysiological, balance, and motion evidence related to AIS published in the last fifteen years, between January 2008 and April 2023. Both observational and interventional studies were considered. Only studies using quantitative assessment methods, such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), somatosensory evoked potentials, force platform, or motion capture, were included.

Methods

1250 eligible records identified from online database searching were filtered by duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, and qualitative analysis. 61 articles met the inclusion criteria (i.e., Cobb range 10°-35°, age range 10-18 years) and were summarized.

Results

We found significant evidence of impaired standing balance in individuals with AIS who greatly rely on visual and proprioceptive information to stay upright. EMG studies frequently reported an increased activity on the convex side of the intrinsic spinae muscles. EEG data show increased delta and theta power, higher alpha peak frequencies, and significant suppression in the alpha and beta bands in subjects with AIS during standing tasks. MRI studies report changes in white matter structures, differences in the vestibular system, and abnormal cortical activations over motor-related areas in subjects with AIS. Bracing appears to be an effective treatment for AIS, leading to improvements in static balance and gait. Methodological issues prevent reliable conclusions about the effects of other treatment options.

Conclusions

This review underscores the importance of quantitative assessment methods to explore the etiology and pathophysiology of AIS. Further research is needed to measure the impact of physical therapy and orthotic treatments on the neurophysiological mechanisms of the disease.
Barriers and facilitators to self-care practices for sexual and reproductive health among women of reproductive age
Authors: Timilsina Amit , Bhandari Buna , Johns Alexandra , Thapa Subash
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) have been promoted globally, yet sexual and reproductive health (SRH) interventions are seldom evaluated from the perspective of service users and service providers. Very little is known about whether and why various target groups including general women are (or are not) practicing SRH -related self-care practices. This study explored SRH self-care practices and facilitators and barriers to the adoption of SRH self-care among reproductive-age women of Nepal.

Methods

In this descriptive qualitative study, we conducted in-depth interviews in June 2022 with ten married women of reproductive age (service users) and four SRHR service providers (program managers and health service providers) in Nepal. Thematic analysis was conducted for data analysis.

Results

We found that commonly practiced self-care practices were self-administration of contraceptives, self-management of pain, self-monitoring of pregnancy, self-awareness and seeking medical abortions (tele-abortion), self-medication for pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, and self-testing for HIV and pregnancy. The multi-level barriers to SRH self-care were poor knowledge and perceived lack of need for SRH self-care, limited access, and negative behaviors from the service providers. The program-related barriers included lack of evidence, limited financial resources, lack of accountability, and limited knowledge and skills among service providers on SRH self-care measures. Peer support, an increasing number of service sites, and access to and use of digital (health) tools emerged as the facilitators of SRH self-care.

Conclusions

The findings of this study suggest that addressing barriers such as poor knowledge, limited access, and negative attitudes while leveraging facilitators such as peer support and digital tools is essential for promoting and enabling effective SRH self-care among women. Population-wide awareness programs supplemented by increasing service sites are essential for increasing SRH self-care practices.
High-frequency enhanced VaR: A robust univariate realized volatility model for diverse portfolios and market conditions
Authors: Kuang Wei
Published: May 2024

In the field of financial risk management, the accuracy of portfolio Value-at-Risk (VaR) forecasts is of critical importance to both practitioners and academics. This study pioneers a comprehensive evaluation of a univariate model that leverages high-frequency intraday data to improve portfolio VaR forecasts, providing a novel contrast to both univariate and multivariate models based on daily data. Existing research has used such high-frequency-based univariate models for index portfolios, it has not adequately studied their robustness for portfolios with diverse risk profiles, particularly under changing market conditions, such as during crises. Our research fills this gap by proposing a refined univariate long-memory realized volatility model that incorporates realized variance and covariance metrics, eliminating the necessity for a parametric covariance matrix. This model captures the long-run dependencies inherent in the volatility process and provides a flexible alternative that can be paired with appropriate return innovation distributions for VaR estimation. Empirical analyses show that our methodology significantly outperforms traditional univariate and multivariate Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models in terms of forecasting accuracy while maintaining computational simplicity and ease of implementation. In particular, the inclusion of high-frequency data in univariate volatility models not only improves forecasting accuracy but also streamlines the complexity of portfolio risk assessment. This research extends the discourse between academic research and financial practice, highlighting the transformative impact of high-frequency data on risk management strategies within the financial sector.
I tell, therefore you are: Notes on The Handmaid’s Tale and its graphic adaptation
Authors: Fernandes Deanne , Martinez Nina
Published: May 2024

Margaret Atwood’s 1985 novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, has invited revisitation and reinterpretation over time. One reinterpretation surfaced in 2019 in the form of a graphic adaptation by Renée Nault. Was she successful? Was there anything lost – or gained – in the transition from text to comic? Are these two Tales one and the same? Utilizing theories from sociology, art history and illustration, this article explores how real-world inequalities and oppressive regimes are distilled into Atwood’s fictional dystopia, and then, in turn, how her ideas are translated into a visual medium in Renée Nault’s graphic novel adaptation. The colour red becomes fraught with meaning for both character and reader, while the illustration of the body can evoke control over, and violence towards, women. The authors adopt a call-and-response format and create ‘visual texts’ in response to each other’s work to echo the act of adaptation and the cyclical nature of ideas.
La correspondencia de maestras, directoras, estudiantes y opositoras con Miguel de Unamuno
Authors: Rodríguez Fidalgo María Isabel , Paíno Ambrosio Adriana , García Sánchez Jesús
Published: May 2024

Esta investigación centra su objeto de estudio en la correspondencia enviada a Miguel de Unamuno por mujeres de principios del siglo xx vinculadas al mundo de la educación. Para ello, se ha optado por una metodología mixta con aportaciones cuantitativas y, principalmente, cualitativas, a través de un análisis de contenido de 136 cartas, 7 tarjetas de presentación y 7 postales enviadas entre 1900 y 1936 por 85 mujeres. Dicho análisis permite realizar un doble acercamiento: por una parte, al contexto educativo femenino, reflejado en las cartas de maestras, directoras, estudiantes y opositoras, lo que a su vez describe el contexto social, cultural y político de la época; y, por otra, a Unamuno bajo la perspectiva particular que ofrecen las confidencias recogidas en el ámbito privado de las epístolas de estas mujeres.
educação infantil na fronteira Brasil-Paraguai
Authors: Barbosa Renan Gonçalves , Nogueira Ione da Silva Cunha
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo busca compreender o retrato da Educação Infantil na fronteira entre Brasil e Paraguai por meio de uma revisão de literatura discutindo as perspectivas e a realidade da produção acadêmica acerca do tema. Inicialmente será discutida a realidade geográfica e cultural da região, seguida do levantamento bibliográfico realizado no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, reunindo e discutindo as contribuições das principais produções para a compreensão da temática. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e utilizou como descritores de forma cruzada, os termos “infância, fronteira e direitos”. Também foram utilizados como filtros de busca o recorte temporal (1996 a 2022) e a relação com Programas de Pós-graduação em Educação. Como resultados, são apontadas as carências com relação a estudos que discutam a temática da Educação Infantil na Fronteira, bem como a necessidade de amplas elucidações científicas acerca do assunto.
ASPECTOS GEOGRÁFICOS DA OCORRÊNCIA E DA DISPERSÃO DE LEISHMANIOSE TEGUMENTAR AMERICANA - LTA NO MEIO RURAL NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ, BRASIL.
Authors: Ferreira Maria Eugenia Moreira Costa , Lima Maria das Graças de
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Identificar polos de ocorrência de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana na zona rural, no Estado do Paraná avaliando taxas de incidência anual, calculadas obre a população rural. Metodologia: utilizou a base dados do DATASUS/SINAN (2001-2015). A definição dos polos de ocorrência utilizou a série 2007-2015. Elaboraram-se mapas de análise dos casos absolutos por município e as taxas de incidência anual/100.000 habitantes sobre a população total e apenas rural. Os dados de população envolveram projeções de 2001 a 2015. Analisaram-se aspectos socioambientais. Resultados: Identificaram-se sete polos de LTA de ocorrência rural no período: Os municípios que apresentaram as maiores taxas de ocorrência, considerado o meio rural/100.000 habitantes, e os focos da LTA, nos polos, foram: Jussara (567/100.000hab), Japurá (418), São Jorge do Ivaí (377), Doutor Camargo (247), Ivatuba (233), São Tomé (221), Terra Boa (143), Tuneiras do Oeste (114) e Cianorte (98), todos no polo (b) Jussara; Adrianópolis (209) e Cerro Azul (60), no polo (a) Adrianópolis-; Lobato (113), no polo (g) Icaraíma (86), no polo (e) Bandeirantes (79), no polo (c) Bandeirantes. Os polos (d) Londrina e (f) Lindoeste - são amplos e difusos, com taxas de ocorrência menos significativas. As taxas calculadas apenas sobre a população rural dão a dimensão da alta incidência no meio rural.
Scholars and Literati at the University of Barcelona (1450–1714)
Authors: De la Croix David , Gualandris Tifenn
Published: May 2024

This note is a summary description of the set of scholars and literati who taught at the University of Barcelona from its inception in 1450 to its suppression in 1714.
Traditional use of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet as an abortifacient and antifertility among Karbi tribe of Assam, North East India
Authors: Terangi Reena , Jabin Rosni , Basumatary Dwimu , Yasmin Farishta
Published: May 2024

Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet, a multipurpose leguminous plant is traditionally used as an antifertility and abortifacient agent among the Karbi, an indigenous tribe living in Assam, North East India. The present study emphasized the scientific validation of the indigenous utilization of this plant extract as an antifertility and abortifacient along with their physicochemical, phytochemical, and in silico ADME features. Fresh roots (450 gm) are processed for physicochemical, preliminary phytochemical screening, and GC-MS analysis. Organoleptic studies, moisture content, swelling index, flow properties (Carr’s index and Hausner ratio), extractive values (highest in aqueous extract), and ash content revealed the plants are potential sources of phytomedicines having the minimum required parameters as per WHO standards. The value of Carr’s index (22%) and Hausner's ratio (1.27) indicates that the powder drugs have greater inter-particle interactions, which signifies poor flowing powder. Phytochemical screening of root extracts showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, coumarins, and terpenoids. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of Arsenous acid tris(trimethylsilyl; Cyclic siloxane compounds; Pivalic Acid, 2-Methylpropyl Ester; Propanoic Acid, 2,2-Dimethyl-, Ethyl Ester and N-(Trifluoroacetyl)-N, O, O', O''-Tetrakis (Trimethylsilyl) Norepinephrine, having potential reproductive and developmental toxicity and also stimulates progesterone production. According to SwissADME, drug-like properties of Arsenous Acid, Tri (Trimethylsilyl) Ester, Heptasiloxane, and Pivalic Acid, etc., identified in the root extract have the potential for use as an orally active antifertility and abortifacient medicine. Since L. purpureus has been used traditionally by the Karbi tribe for ages and contains bioactive compounds such as antifertility and abortifacient, it may be considered an important ethnomedicine. Laboratory animal experimentation may be studied more in the future for its precise use of root extract for effectiveness and to advance the drug-discovery process.
Alien plant species in the protected landscape area of the Odra river meanders: habitat preferences and threats
Authors: Koszela Katarzyna , Tokarska-Guzik Barbara
Published: May 2024

The protected landscape area of “The Odra River Meanders” is located in the south-west part of the province of Silesia, along the Odra river, on the border with the Czech Republic. This meandering fragment of the Odra river is one of the few places in Europe where natural geomorphological processes are still preserved. During botanical investigations, the occurrence of 363 vascular plant species was confirmed, including 95 species of alien origin. The participation of archaeophytes was 12%, kenophytes 10% and diaphytes 4%. A high participation of these groups of species was noted in habitats transformed by human activities, such as fields, roadsides and hedges, as well as in natural ones, such as steep escarpments and gravel sandbanks which have been shaped by the dynamic flow of the river. The first group of habitats was characterised by the highest proportion of archaeophytes, whereas in more natural habitats, the ascendancy of kenophytes (= neophytes) over older adventives was noted, e.g. the most common and widespread in this area were species from the Reynoutria (Fallopia) genus. The number of alien species in each habitat type was quite high and ranged from 1 to 62.