bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pricing Personalized Bundles: A New Approach and An Empirical Study
Authors: Xue Zhengliang , Wang Zizhuo , Ettl Markus
Published: November 2015

This paper studies the pricing strategies for personalized product bundles. In such problems, a seller provides a variety of products for which customers can construct a personalized bundle and send a request for quote (RFQ) to the seller. The seller, after reviewing the RFQ, has to determine a price based on which the customer either purchases the whole bundle or nothing. Such problems are faced by many companies in practice, and they are very difficult because of the potential unlimited possible configurations of the bundle and the correlations among the individual products. In this paper, we propose a novel top-down and bottom-up approach to solve this problem. In the top-down step, we decompose the bundle into each component and calibrate a value score for each component. In the bottom-up step, we aggregate the components back to the bundle, define important features of the bundle, and segment different RFQs by those bundle features as well as customer attributes. Then we estimate a utility function for each segment based on historical sales data and derive an optimal price for each incoming RFQ. We show that such a model overcomes the aforementioned difficulties and can be implemented efficiently. We test our approach using empirical data from a major information technology service provider and the test result shows that the proposed approach can improve the effectiveness of pricing significantly.
An assessment of the preoperative information given to patients in the province of Karaman
Authors: Şahin Ali , Ayhan Fatma , Öcal Hacer Sönmezer , Cayır Aliye
Published: November 2015

The purpose of this research was to determine the status of information provision for patients in the preoperative period. Two hundred fifty patients undergoing surgery in the Karaman Public Hospital. A questionnaire prepared by the authors based on information in the literature and consisting of questions intended to determine patients’ sociodemographic characteristics and the preoperative provision of information was used as a data collection tool. Data were expressed as number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Mean age of patients was 45±21.08 years. We determined that 47.2% had been given information concerning preoperative procedures and preoperative preparations, and that 7.6% had been given this information by nurses. In the light of the study findings, we conclude that physicians and nurses need to be more proactive in providing patients with preoperative information and that, considering the forgetfulness factor, such information should also be provided in written form.
Comparative Study on Anti-Treaty Shopping – Focused on Beneficial Ownership Theory
Authors: Yoon Seungyoung
Published: November 2015

This article provides an overview of the concept of the traditional qusai-definitions of treaty shopping in an attempt to delineate the outline of such practices. This article also consider the current trends in treaty shopping and the anti-treaty shopping policies in the context of tax treaties, OECD Model Convention, US tax policy and domestic legislation, and its interaction with other domestic anti-abuse rules and judicial doctrines, focusing on recent cases on beneficial ownership. Lastly, this article examines the possible implications of Korean Law on the treaty shopping debate. From a global perspective, specific guidance is needed to harmonize how jurisdictions apply the concept of “beneficial owner” to holding companies. Since the tax authorities throughout the world often refer to OECD Commentary when interpreting Double Tax Conventions, it is critical that the concept of “beneficial owner” be clear and concise so as to avoid confusion and misinterpretation. It should be also noted that the verification of beneficial ownership requirement should be made on a factual basis, to avoid treaty shopping and treaty abuse as it is difficult to establish a general rule.
Lichnerowicz-type equations on complete manifolds
Authors: Albanese Guglielmo , Rigoli Marco
Published: November 2015

Under appropriate spectral assumptions, we prove two existence results for positive solutions of Lichnerowicz-type equations on complete manifolds. We also give a priori bounds and a comparison result that immediately yields uniqueness for certain classes of solutions. No curvature assumptions are involved in our analysis.
Competition and Personality in a Restaurant Entry Game
Authors: Bergstrom Theodore , Parendo Shane , Sonstelie Jon
Published: November 2015

We explore the question of whether personality traits as measured by standard psychological tests are significant explanators of behavior in an entry game. The experimental data and psychological test results come from classroom experiments designed to teach the concepts of short and long run equilibrium in a competitive market. These experiments were conducted in 42 classroom sessions, each with about 35 students.
The Art of Representation in a Globalized World
Authors: Ríos Félix J.
Published: November 2015

Globalization is fast expanding the ways in which the performing arts and entertainment are received around the world. This situation should be analyzed from several perspectives, including technological, economic, artistic, philosophical, historical and social. Given that scientific development does not justify the use and value that has been attributed to the social media that convey artistic information in post-modern societies, the various systems of representation should be described in detail, followed by a critical analysis of social interaction that leads to the performing process. The Olympic Games are among the most viewed sporting events on the planet. Over the years, opening and closing ceremonies have become a complex model of a spectacular show. The opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games is a paradigmatic example.
American Politics: “Broken” Since 1885
Authors: Connelly William F.
Published: November 2015

Woodrow Wilson, along with progressive intellectuals and reformers, bears significant responsibility for the decline of trust in government today. Wilson may have eclipsed James Madison in theory and practice, thereby contributing to the decline of trust in government. The criticism today of our politics as “dysfunctional” is, in large part, an echo of Wilson’s criticism of Madison’s Constitution. Today’s concerns about accountability, permanent politics, gridlock, special interests and petty partisanship reflect Wilson’s critique. In turn, Wilson has powerfully influenced the practice of our politics by providing the template for generations of political reformers. Today’s “dysfunction” is exacerbated by constitutionally inappropriate progressive reforms which have produced unintended consequences because reformers failed to appreciate Madison’s complex constitutional context. A century of progressive reforms have augmented dysfunction and distrust.
Safety and pharmacokinetics of a kinin B1 receptor peptide agonist produced with different counter-ions
Authors: Savard Martin , Côté Jérôme , Tremblay Luc , Neugebauer Witold , Regoli Domenico , Gariépy Sébastien , Hébert Nathalie , Gobeil Fernand
Published: November 2015

Several studies have shown the potential therapeutic utility of kinin B1 receptor (B1R) peptide agonists in neurological and ischemic cardiovascular diseases and brain cancer. Preclinical safety studies are a prerequisite for further drug development. The objectives of this study were to determine the acute toxicity and pharmacokinetics of the peptide B1R agonist, SarLys[dPhe8]desArg9-bradykinin (NG29), as trifluoroacetate (TFacetate) or acetate salt form, following intravenous injection in rats. A maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of NG29-TFacetate was established at 75 mg/kg from the results of a dose range-finding study (up to 200 mg/kg). The short-term (4-day) repeat-dose toxicity study of NG29, using its MTD value, showed that NG29-acetate exhibited minimal non-adverse clinical pathology changes in hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry and urine parameters and severe kidney histopathological changes characterized by renal tubular degeneration. No such effects were observed with NG29-TFacetate. At the injection site, NG29-TFacetate was considered to be more locally irritating when compared to the acetate form. The extent of exposure and half-life values of NG29-TFacetate were comparable to the acetate form (AUC0–α of 10.2 mg/l*h vs. 9.9 mg/l*h; T1/2 of 2.3 h vs. 2.4 h). This study shows that in rats NG29-TFacetate exhibits a superior tolerability profile compared with the peptide acetate form.
The contribution of the health management studies program to the professional status of graduates
Authors: Haller-Hayon Orit , Korn Liat , Magnezi Racheli
Published: November 2015

Background:

This study examines the contribution of the Health Management Bachelor’s degree program at an Israeli university to the professional development of its graduates. The aims of this study were: To examine the perceived gaps between acquired knowledge and required knowledge within the workforce; To explore the potential changes in the graduates’ occupation conditions or professional status following their studies; To test the contribution of the curricula content studied by the graduates to their understanding, knowledge and integration within the healthcare system; and to examine the graduates perceptions towards required content, that should be added to the curricula.

Methods:

A structured, self-reported questionnaire was administered to 182 Health Management Department individuals whom have graduated from the Bachelors program between the years 2005 and 2009.

Results:

The majority of the graduates reported the existance of a knowledge gap (greater among males, young and single than among females, older and married graduates). Most of the courses which were ranked as the lowest contributing ones were related to Management (e.g. Mathematics for Social Sciences, Accounting Fundamentals, Finance Theory), while the graduates recommended the inclusion of additional components to the curricula.

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates that a perceived gap exists between the acquired and the required knowledge of the Health Management Studies graduates. Various changes have been reported by the graduates (such as wage raise and role changes), following their study completion, suggesting that the program has partially contributed to their professional status. A ‘Learning by Sharing’ forum of academic staff, employers and graduates is recommended.
Studying physician-adolescent patient communication in community-based practices: recruitment challenges and solutions
Authors: Bodner Michael E. , Bilheimer Alicia , Gao Xiaomei , Lyna Pauline , Alexander Stewart C. , Dolor Rowena J. , Østbye Truls , Bravender Terrill , Tulsky James A. , Graves Sidney , Irons Alexis , Pollak Kathryn I.
Published: November 2015

Background:

Practice-based studies are needed to assess how physicians communicate health messages about weight to overweight/obese adolescent patients, but successful recruitment to such studies is challenging. This paper describes challenges, solutions, and lessons learned to recruit physicians and adolescents to the Teen Communicating Health Analyzing Talk (CHAT) study, a randomized controlled trial of a communication skills intervention for primary care physicians to enhance communication about weight with overweight/obese adolescents.

Materials and methods:

A “peer-to-peer” approach was used to recruit physicians, including the use of “clinic champions” who liaised between study leaders and physicians. Consistent rapport and cooperative working relationships with physicians and clinic staff were developed and maintained. Adolescent clinic files were reviewed (HIPAA waiver) to assess eligibility. Parents could elect to opt-out for their children. To encourage enrollment, confidentiality of audio recordings was emphasized, and financial incentives were offered to all participants.

Results:

We recruited 49 physicians and audio-recorded 391 of their overweight/obese adolescents’ visits. Recruitment challenges included 1) physician reticence to participate; 2) variability in clinic operating procedures; 3) variability in adolescent accrual rates; 4) clinic open access scheduling; and 5) establishing communication with parents and adolescents. Key solutions included the use of a “clinic champion” to help recruit physicians, pro-active, consistent communication with clinic staff, and adapting calling times to reach parents and adolescents.

Conclusion:

Recruiting physicians and adolescents to audio-recorded, practice-based health communication studies can be successful. Anticipated challenges to recruiting can be met with advanced planning; however, optimal solutions to challenges evolve as recruitment progresses.
Levels of bioactive lipids in cooking oils: olive oil is the richest source of oleoyl serine
Authors: Bradshaw Heather B. , Leishman Emma
Published: November 2015

Background: Rates of osteoporosis are significantly lower in regions of the world where olive oil consumption is a dietary cornerstone. Olive oil may represent a source of oleoyl serine (OS), which showed efficacy in animal models of osteoporosis. Here, we tested the hypothesis that OS as well as structurally analogous N-acyl amide and 2-acyl glycerol lipids are present in the following cooking oils: olive, walnut, canola, high heat canola, peanut, safflower, sesame, toasted sesame, grape seed, and smart balance omega.

Methods: Methanolic lipid extracts from each of the cooking oils were partially purified on C-18 solid-phase extraction columns. Extracts were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 33 lipids were measured in each sample, including OS and bioactive analogs.

Results: Of the oils screened here, walnut oil had the highest number of lipids detected (22/33). Olive oil had the second highest number of lipids detected (20/33), whereas grape-seed and high-heat canola oil were tied for lowest number of detected lipids (6/33). OS was detected in 8 of the 10 oils tested and the levels were highest in olive oil, suggesting that there is something about the olive plant that enriches this lipid.

Conclusions: Cooking oils contain varying levels of bioactive lipids from the N-acyl amide and 2-acyl glycerol families. Olive oil is a dietary source of OS, which may contribute to lowered prevalence of osteoporosis in countries with high consumption of this oil.
Vitamin D status in perinatally HIV-infected Thai children receiving antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Aurpibul Linda , Sricharoenchai Sirintip , Wittawatmongkol Orasri , Sirisanthana Virat , Phongsamart Wanatpreeya , Sudjaritruk Tavitiya , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya
Published: November 2015

Low vitamin D level is associated with adverse health outcomes and compromises HIV treatment response. We assess vitamin D status in HIV-infected Thai children receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

A cross-sectional study in perinatally HIV-infected children. Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency were defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level <20, and 21–29 ng/mL, respectively.

Eighty participants were enrolled. Their median age was 12.2 years. The median CD4 lymphocyte count was 784 cell/mm3; 95% had HIV RNA <50 copies/mL. The median (interquartile range, IQR) 25-OHD level was 33.5 (26.2–39.8) ng/mL. Thirty-four (43%) participants had low vitamin D level; 26 (33%) and 8 (10%) had vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. In multivariate analysis, only geographic location was significantly associated with low vitamin D level.

Most of perinatally HIV-infected children receiving cART had low vitamin D level. Calcium and vitamin D supplement might be beneficial.
Odontoiatric perspectives and osteonecrosis of the jaw as a possible adverse effect of bisphosphonates therapy in fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome
Authors: Tessaris Daniele , Matarazzo Patrizia , Lala Roberto , Defabianis Patrizia
Published: November 2015

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is characterized by the triad of polyostotic bone fibrous dysplasia (PFD), endocrine disorders, and café-au-lait skin pigmentation. Ninety percent of MAS patients have fibrous dysplasia (FD) craniofacial lesions. Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) has been described as an adverse side effect of bisphosphonate therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate evidence of clinical and/or radiological signs of ONJ in FD/MAS pediatric patients due to bisphosphonate therapy and describe odontoiatric tools in this population.

Thirteen FD/MAS patients were enrolled. All patients during pediatric age have been treated with pamidronate infusions. They underwent complete oral clinical examination. Ortopantomography and/or CT were evaluated in all cases.

No patient developed ONJ. None of them showed radiological signs different from jaw FD. In spite of the low number of patients enrolled, results confirm that, in this population, ONJ can be ruled out as a chronic adverse side effect of bisphosphonate therapy.
Nudging Global Poverty Alleviation?
Authors: Krishnamurthy Meena
Published: November 2015

There is a growing body of work illustrating that we can motivate individuals to donate more to charities by nudging them through various behavioral techniques. Yet, there is very little discussion of whether we should motivate individuals by using these types of techniques. In this paper, I explore this under-examined matter. I begin by surveying the various ways in which individuals can be nudged to donate to charity. I then consider whether we should nudge people in these ways. I explore this matter by considering whether nudging interferes with an individual’s autonomy and, if it does, whether this is morally impermissible. I argue that, in some cases, nudging will interfere with an individual’s autonomy. I spell out which cases these are. I then argue that whether interfering with an individual’s autonomy through nudging, as a means of alleviating poverty (and, in turn, promoting human rights), is impermissible will depend on whether we have perfect or imperfect duties to aid the poor. I close by suggesting that, at least for the time being, the moral permissibility of nudging poverty alleviation is indeterminate.
Uninstantiability
Authors: Deely John
Published: November 2015

John Poinsot (1589–1644), aka Joannes a Sancto Thoma, was the first of St Thomas’ followers among the Latins to demonstrate that the origins of animal knowledge in sensation is already – from the first – a matter of the action of signs. This action, “semiosis,” results in the formation of an irreducibly triadic relation apart from which there is no awareness at all on the part of animals. At the level of internal sense, and then again at the level of intellect (the two having in common dependency upon concept-formation in order to interpret the data provided by sensation), Poinsot shows how the concept serves to make objects known only by serving as the foundation for relations which, exactly as those in sensation, exhibit an irreducibly triadic character, with only this difference: that, whereas the triadic relations of sensation are directly founded upon or “provenate from” species impressa (stimulation of sense powers in bodily interaction with the surroundings) determining the external sense powers, the triadic relations of perceptual and intellectual awareness have as their immediate foundations or “sources of provenation” species expressae (“ideas” or concepts) actively formed by the cognitive powers of memory, imagination, estimation, and intellect. Being relations, all of these triadic relations exhibit no direct instantiation as signate matter, and it is this which makes them only indirectly knowable to sense powers. Intellect, by contrast, in being able to know relations precisely in their difference from related objects and things, manifests the species-specific distinctness of human animals in being able to construct and to know and to communicate about objects – beginning with relations – which admit of no direct sensory instantiation. The purpose of this paper is to show how the ability of the human mind to consider objects which admit of no direct instantiation in sense perception is what distinguishes the human being as “semiotic animal” from what the Latins identified as “brute animals,” not because brutes (the “alloanimals,” to use a term from late modern anthropology) are not “rational” in the modern sense of being able creatively to work through problems (indeed they are rational in this sense!), but because human animals are not confined to the consideration of objects as perceptually instantiable.
Screening of three ERBB4 gene polymorphisms in a group of Turkish schizophrenia patients and controls / ERBB4 genindeki üç polimorfizmin bir Türk şizofreni hasta grubunda ve kontrollerde taranması
Authors: Sözen Mustafa Mert , Kartalcı Şükrü
Published: November 2015

Objective: The human ERBB4 gene (v-erb-a erithroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homology 4) codes for the ErbB4 receptor protein. One of the ligands of ErbB4 receptor is Neuregulin-1 and it is coded by NRG1 gene which is reported to be a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia. Since ErbB4 receptor is activated by binding of Neuregulin-1, ERBB4 gene is thought to be involved in development of schizophrenia (SZ) as well. Even though several association, expression and animal studies supported this idea and resulted with association between the disease and several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the ERBB4 gene, independent studies done in different populations did not replicate that result. In the present study we aimed to get clues about involvement of three ERBB4 SNPs -which were found to be associated with schizophrenia in some other populations- in development of schizophrenia in a group of Turkish patients.

Methods: We screened 3 SNPs (rs707284, rs7598440 and rs839523) in a group of Turkish schizophrenia patients and a matched control group from Malatya-Turkey to test the presence of such an association. For SNP genotyping, we used a real-time PCR based method and we evaluated the results with chi-square test. We have analyzed the haplotypes constituted by those three SNPs for multiple locus associations as well as analyzing each for single SNP associations.

Results: After SNP genotyping and statistical tests comparing our case and control groups for allele, genotype and haplotype distributions, there was no significant difference between those two groups for three SNPs we screened.

Conclusion: We were not able to find a significant evidence for presence of an association between three SNPs located in the ERBB4 gene and schizophrenia in our patients.
Genotoxicity studies of tetrahydro-naphthalenebenzimidazole/ thiazolidinedione as retinoid derivatives / Tetrahidro-naftalen-benzimidazol/tiyazolidindion retinoid türevlerinin genotoksisitesi
Authors: Doğan Tuğba Somay , Durusoy Mübeccel , Ateş-Alagöz Zeynep , Büyükbingöl Erdem
Published: November 2015

Objective: Mutagenicity is an undesirable side effect of clinically prescribed drugs, thus raises the question of their potential carcinogenicity. Taking into account that nitro compounds are known for their genotoxicity, it will be considerable interest to assess the genotoxic activities of the benzimidazole/thiazolidinedione retinoid derivatives. For this reason, the present study reports the genotoxicity of previously synthesized benzimidazole/ thiazolidinedione-retinoid derivatives (Ates-Alagoz and Buyukbingol, 2001; Ates-Alagoz et. al., 2009) by the umu-microplate test system.

Methods: In this study, since this derivates involve nitro groups, makes advantageous the use of the umu-test, using NM2009 and NM1011 strains especially designed for detecting the mutagenicity of nitro compounds. Two bacterial strains Salmonella typhimurium NM1011 and S. typhimurium NM2009, expressing high levels of nitroreductase (NR) and O-acetyltransferase (O-AT) respectively, were used in the tests. Chlorophenol red-β-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG), O-nitrophenyl- β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) were used as substrate in the enzyme assays along with a well-known genotoxic nitro compound, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO), as the positive control in the test.

Results: Benzimidazole/ thiazolidinedione-retinoids that contain NO2 group with different position on benzene ring showed no genotoxicity in both strains with both substrates. However, using CPRG as the colorimetric substrate resulted in stronger activity than using ONPG in test conducted in both strains with all compounds. Although the β-galactosidase activities with using CPRG were three fold higher than ONPG, parallel results were obtained for both substrates and strains with all compounds tested. For all compounds, the induction of umuC gene expression was found to be almost the same for the strains that overexpress nitroreductase and O-acetyltransferase.

Conclusion: None of the derivatives showed genotoxic effects, a very important data, making them a potential drug candidate.
New intermetallic phases in the Cu–Li–Sn system: the lithium-rich phases Li3CuSn and Li6Cu2Sn3
Authors: Fürtauer Siegfried , Effenberger Herta S. , Flandorfer Hans
Published: November 2015

The Li-rich ternary intermetallic compounds with the idealized end-member compositions Li3CuSn (CSD-427099) and Li6Cu2Sn3 (CSD-427100) were synthesized from the pure elements by induction melting in Ta crucibles and annealing at 400°C. Both powder and single-crystal XRD investigations were performed. Li3CuSn crystallizes in space group P6/mmm [a=4.5769(2), c=8.461(2) Å; wR
2=0.073 for 180 unique F2-values and 25 free variables]. All atoms are located along [00z], [1/3 2/3 z] and [2/3 1/3 z]; individual sites are arranged in layers parallel to (00.1). One site is fully, one partially occupied by Sn atoms. Fully but mixed occupation with Cu and Li atoms was found for one site. The remaining electron-density distribution resulting from the strong anisotropic displacement parallel to the
c
axis is considered in four further sites, which are mixed occupied with (Li, Cu, □), but modelled solely by Li atoms. The crystal structure exhibits analogies with that of Li2CuSn (F4̅3m); comparable layers occur parallel to {111} but the stacking sequence and packing density differs adopting cubic symmetry. In Li6Cu2Sn3 [space group R3̅2/m, a=4.5900(2), c=30.910(6) Å; wR
2=0.039 for 253 unique F2-values for 25 free variables] all atoms are arranged again at (00z), (1/3 2/3 z) and (2/3 1/3 z). Three sites are fully occupied (two by Sn atoms, a further one by Li atoms). Three additional positions are mixed occupied by Cu and Li atoms. The crystal structure is closely related to that of the binary phases Li13Sn5 and Li5Sn2; the substitution of Li by Cu atoms and vice versa is evident. The structural relationship to Li13Ag5Si6, which is permeable for Li ions, makes the title compound interesting as anode material in Li-ion batteries.
Competing Mechanisms of Gamma and Beta Oscillations in the Olfactory Bulb Based on Multimodal Inhibition of Mitral Cells Over a Respiratory Cycle
Authors: David François , Courtiol Emmanuelle , Buonviso Nathalie , Fourcaud-Trocmé Nicolas
Published: November 2015

Gamma (∼40-90 Hz) and beta (∼15-40 Hz) oscillations and their associated neuronal assemblies are key features of neuronal sensory processing. However, the mechanisms involved in either their interaction and/or the switch between these different regimes in most sensory systems remain misunderstood. Based onin vivorecordings and biophysical modeling of the mammalian olfactory bulb (OB), we propose a general scheme where OB internal dynamics can sustain two distinct dynamic states, each dominated by either a gamma or a beta regime. The occurrence of each regime depends on the excitability level of granule cells, the main OB interneurons. Using this model framework, we demonstrate how the balance between sensory and centrifugal input can control the switch between the two oscillatory dynamic states. In parallel, we experimentally observed that sensory and centrifugal inputs to the rat OB could both be modulated by the respiration of the animal (2-12 Hz) and each one phase shifted with the other. Implementing this phase shift in our model resulted in the appearance of the alternation between gamma and beta rhythms within a single respiratory cycle, as in our experimental results under urethane anesthesia. Our theoretical framework can also account for the oscillatory frequency response, depending on the odor intensity, the odor valence, and the animal sniffing strategy observed under various conditions including animal freely-moving. Importantly, the results of the present model can form a basis to understand how fast rhythms could be controlled by the slower sensory and centrifugal modulations linked to the respiration.

Visual Abstract: See Abstract
Neural Coding of Perceived Odor Intensity
Authors: Sirotin Yevgeniy B. , Shusterman Roman , Rinberg Dmitry
Published: November 2015

Stimulus intensity is a fundamental perceptual feature in all sensory systems. In olfaction, perceived odor intensity depends on at least two variables: odor concentration; and duration of the odor exposure or adaptation. To examine how neural activity at early stages of the olfactory system represents features relevant to intensity perception, we studied the responses of mitral/tufted cells (MTCs) while manipulating odor concentration and exposure duration. Temporal profiles of MTC responses to odors changed both as a function of concentration and with adaptation. However, despite the complexity of these responses, adaptation and concentration dependencies behaved similarly. These similarities were visualized by principal component analysis of average population responses and were quantified by discriminant analysis in a trial-by-trial manner. The qualitative functional dependencies of neuronal responses paralleled psychophysics results in humans. We suggest that temporal patterns of MTC responses in the olfactory bulb contribute to an internal perceptual variable: odor intensity.
From Sputnik to Spaceship Earth: American Catholics and the Space Age
Authors: Osborne Catherine R.
Published: November 2015

This essay considers American Catholics who, from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, reflected seriously on the religious significance of technology in general, and space science in particular. American Catholics, while no more immune from the belief that space science would create fundamental changes in human life than their Protestant, Jewish, and secular counterparts, nevertheless sought to understand the Space Age in their own distinctive terms. Catholic discussion of these issues revolved around the contributions of two theologians. From the earliest moments of the Space Age, Thomas Aquinas provided a justification for the work of Catholic scientists and astronauts within a Cold War framework. However, Pierre Teilhard de Chardin's cosmic vision helped American Catholics integrate feelings of wonder and hope with darkly realistic fears about the military consequences of the space race. Thomas and Teilhard, fundamentally optimists, helped Catholics elaborate a vision of a way forward through the very real threats Americans confronted in the “long 1960s,” a vision they developed in books, articles, and speeches, but also in art, liturgy, and fiction. Ultimately, however, both extreme hopes about cosmic unification and extreme fears about total annihilation modulated, and like their fellow Americans interested in space flight during the 1960s, American Catholics turned in the early 1970s to a renewed focus on the Earth.
Beyond Parish Boundaries: Black Catholics and the Quest for Racial Justice
Authors: Johnson Karen J.
Published: November 2015

According to most historians, the majority of northern urban Catholics before Vatican II (1962–1965) were ensconced in their parish boundaries, viewing their existence through the lens of the parish and focusing the majority of their attention on matters within their particular geographic location. As African Americans moved north during the Great Migration (1910s–1960s) and the racial dynamics of cities changed, some black Catholics began to organize for what they called “interracial justice,” a term that reflected their belief that black equality would benefit African Americans and whites. This article argues that the parish boundaries paradigm for understanding Catholicism prior to the reforms of Vatican II fails to account for the efforts of black Catholics working for interracial justice. This article considers four ways black Catholic interracialists moved beyond their parish boundaries: (a) the national networks they cultivated with white priests; (b) the theological doctrine of the Mystical Body of Christ they used to support their work; (c) the local relationships they developed with non-Catholics; and (d) the connections they made with young white Catholics. By advancing this argument, this essay highlights the relationship between race and religion—both how the institutional Catholic church reinforced racial hierarchies and how black Catholics leveraged their faith to tear them down. Finally, this article reorients the history of Catholic interracialism by focusing on black laypeople and connects two bodies of literature that rarely comment on one another: that of Catholicism and the long civil rights movement.
Eliciting Sound Memories
Authors: Harris Anna
Published: November 2015

Sensory experiences are often considered triggers of memory, most famously a little French cake dipped in lime blossom tea. Sense memory can also be evoked in public history research through techniques of elicitation. In this article I reflect on different social science methods for eliciting sound memories such as the use of sonic prompts, emplaced interviewing, and sound walks. I include examples from my research on medical listening. The article considers the relevance of this work for the conduct of oral histories, arguing that such methods “break the frame,” allowing room for collaborative research connections and insights into the otherwise unarticulatable.
GH safety workshop position paper: a critical appraisal of recombinant human GH therapy in children and adults
Authors: Allen D B , Backeljauw P , Bidlingmaier M , Biller B M K , Boguszewski M , Burman P , Butler G , Chihara K , Christiansen J , Cianfarani S , Clayton P , Clemmons D , Cohen P , Darendeliler F , Deal C , Dunger D , Erfurth E M , Fuqua J S , Grimberg A , Haymond M , Higham C , Ho K , Hoffman A R , Hokken-Koelega A , Johannsson G , Juul A , Kopchick J , Lee P , Pollak M , Radovick S , Robison L , Rosenfeld R , Ross R J , Savendahl L , Saenger P , Toft Sorensen H , Stochholm K , Strasburger C , Swerdlow A , Thorner M
Published: November 2015

Recombinant human GH (rhGH) has been in use for 30 years, and over that time its safety and efficacy in children and adults has been subject to considerable scrutiny. In 2001, a statement from the GH Research Society (GRS) concluded that ‘for approved indications, GH is safe’; however, the statement highlighted a number of areas for on-going surveillance of long-term safety, including cancer risk, impact on glucose homeostasis, and use of high dose pharmacological rhGH treatment. Over the intervening years, there have been a number of publications addressing the safety of rhGH with regard to mortality, cancer and cardiovascular risk, and the need for long-term surveillance of the increasing number of adults who were treated with rhGH in childhood. Against this backdrop of interest in safety, the European Society of Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE), the GRS, and the Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES) convened a meeting to reappraise the safety of rhGH. The ouput of the meeting is a concise position statement.
ENDOCRINE TUMORS: BRAF V600E mutations in papillary craniopharyngioma
Authors: Brastianos Priscilla K , Santagata Sandro
Published: November 2015

Papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) is an intracranial tumor that results in high levels of morbidity. We recently demonstrated that the vast majority of these tumors harbor the oncogenic BRAF V600E mutation. The pathologic diagnosis of PCP can now be confirmed using mutation specific immunohistochemistry and targeted genetic testing. Treatment with targeted agents is now also a possibility in select situations. We recently reported a patient with a multiply recurrent PCP in whom targeting both BRAF and MEK resulted in a dramatic therapeutic response with a marked anti-tumor immune response. This work shows that activation of the MAPK pathway is the likely principal oncogenic driver of these tumors. We will now investigate the efficacy of this approach in a multicenter phase II clinical trial. Post-treatment resection samples will be monitored for the emergence of resistance mechanisms. Further advances in the non-invasive diagnosis of PCP by radiologic criteria and by cell-free DNA testing could someday allow neo-adjuvant therapy for this disease in select patient populations.
Spindle Assembly and Chromosome Segregation Requires Central Spindle Proteins inDrosophilaOocytes
Authors: Das Arunika , Shah Shital J , Fan Bensen , Paik Daniel , DiSanto Daniel J , Hinman Anna Maria , Cesario Jeffry M , Battaglia Rachel A , Demos Nicole , McKim Kim S
Published: November 2015

Oocytes segregate chromosomes in the absence of centrosomes. In this situation, the chromosomes direct spindle assembly. It is still unclear in this system which factors are required for homologous chromosome bi-orientation and spindle assembly. The Drosophila kinesin-6 protein Subito, although nonessential for mitotic spindle assembly, is required to organize a bipolar meiotic spindle and chromosome bi-orientation in oocytes. Along with the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), Subito is an important part of the metaphase I central spindle. In this study we have conducted genetic screens to identify genes that interact with subito or the CPC component Incenp. In addition, the meiotic mutant phenotype for some of the genes identified in these screens were characterized. We show, in part through the use of a heat-shock-inducible system, that the Centralspindlin component RacGAP50C and downstream regulators of cytokinesis Rho1, Sticky, and RhoGEF2 are required for homologous chromosome bi-orientation in metaphase I oocytes. This suggests a novel function for proteins normally involved in mitotic cell division in the regulation of microtubule–chromosome interactions. We also show that the kinetochore protein, Polo kinase, is required for maintaining chromosome alignment and spindle organization in metaphase I oocytes. In combination our results support a model where the meiotic central spindle and associated proteins are essential for acentrosomal chromosome segregation.
Una generalización de la p-variación de Riesz
Authors: Castillo René Erlin , Rafeiro Humberto , Trousselot Eduard
Published: November 2015

En este artículo se introduce una generalización del concepto de p-variación de Riesz y se construye un espacio de funciones que es normalizable y además es tanto espacio de Banach como un álgebra de Banach. Adicionalmente, usando el enfoque dado por Medved'ev se obtiene una caracterización
integral de las funciones en dicho espacio funcional.
The Effects of Applying the Vocal Performance Teaching Method on the Social-Emotional Competencies (SEC) of Children in Early Education/Efekti primjene metodičkog pristupa izvođenja glazbe pjevanjem na socioemocionalne kompetencije (SEK) učenika mlađeg šk
Authors: Jeremić Biljana , Šimonji-Černak . Ruženka , Markov Zagorka , Pantić Jelena
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe authors of this study investigate the effects of applying the vocal performance teaching  method on the social-emotional competencies (SEC) of second-grade pupils in elementary education. The study included a total of 89 pupils from Sombor and Kikinda, Serbia. The method of experimenting with parallel groups using initial and final tests was applied. A scale for the assessment of SEC and two-way mixed ANOVA were used to process the data. The experimental group (n=44) was subjected to the teaching method of learning songs by ear carried out by the music teacher, while the control group (n=45) learned the songs by ear based on the traditional model carried out by the class teacher for a period of one school year. The results showed significant differences in the level of SEC of students of the experimental group. By increasing the capacity for empathy, expression of pleasant emotions, better treatment of marginalized groups, collaboration with other students, the experimental teaching method has also encouraged the direction of the teaching process towards the goals, outcomes and effects, and not towards the adoption of ready-made knowledge.Key words: emotions; singing; teacher as a performer; teaching of Music Education. --- SažetakU ovoj studiji autori istražuju efekte primjene metodičkog pristupa prilikom izvođenja glazbe pjevanjem na socioemocionalne kompetencije učenika drugog razreda osnovne škole. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 89 učenika iz Sombora i Kikinde u Srbiji. Primijenjena je metoda eksperimenta s paralelnim skupinama s inicijalnim i finalnim testom. Skala provjere socioemocionalnih kompetencija i generalni linearni model korišteni su za obrađivanje podataka. Eksperimentalna skupina (n-44) bila je podvrgnuta modelu metodičkog pristupa učenja pjesme po sluhu od profesora glazbene kulture), a kontrolna je skupina (n-45) učila pjesmu po sluhu prema tradicionalnom modelu od učitelja, u trajanju od jedne školske godine. Rezultati pokazuju signifikantne razlike u pogledu razine socioemocionalnih kompetencija učenika eksperimentalne skupine. Eksperimentalni metodički pristup je povećanjem sposobnosti empatije, izražavanja ugodnih emocija, boljeg odnosa prema marginaliziranim skupinama, suradnju s drugim učenicima također potaknuo usmjeravanje nastavnog procesa na ciljeve, ishode i efekte, a ne na usvajanje gotovih znanja. Ključne riječi: emocije, nastava glazbene kulture, nastavnik – realizator, pjevanje.
Identifying the Features of ”Aesthetic Flow Experience Activities” in the Kindergarten and the First Years of Primary School Education/Utvrđivanje karakteristika estetskih aktivnosti zanesenosti u vrtiću i prvom razredu osnovne škole
Authors: Sotiropoulou-Zormpala Marina , Argyriadi Agathi
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to outline school activities which, when used, would encourage students to actively engage in the teaching process. The theoretical underpinnings of the activities included two approaches: the theory of flow, and that of aesthetic experience. These two fields were chosen as a fertile area for identifying situations in which individuals voluntarily engage in a process from which they derive meaningful experiences. More particularly, studies providing information on using flow and aesthetic activities in school were considered here. Then, by combining flow and aesthetic activities for school, a list of qualities was compiled to make up what could be called “aesthetic flow activities for school”. Finally, indicative examples of such activities were provided for preschool children and children in the first grade of primary school. Key words: aesthetics; arts; education; flow. ---SažetakCilj je ovog rada istaknuti aktivnosti koje će, kada se koriste u školi, potaknuti učenike na aktivno sudjelovanje u nastavnom procesu. Temelje se na dvjema teorijama - zanesenosti i estetskog iskustva. One su odabrane kao plodno tlo za otkrivanje situacija u kojima pojedinci dragovoljno sudjeluju u jednom procesu u kojem stječu smislena iskustva. Specifično gledano, razmatrana su istraživanja s pomoću kojih se dolazi do podataka o primjeni aktivnosti zanesenosti i estetskih aktivnosti u školi. Zatim se, kombiniranjem karakteristika obiju vrsta aktivnosti, predlažu zajedničke karakteristike onoga što bi se moglo nazvati estetskim aktivnostima zanesenosti za školu“. Na kraju se navode indikativni primjeri aktivnosti namijenjenih predškolskoj djeci i učenicima prvog razreda osnovne škole. Ključne riječi: edukacija; estetika; umjetnost; zanesenost.
The Effect of Logical Thinking Ability and Gender on Science Achievements and Attitudes towards Science/Učinak sposobnosti logičkog mišljenja i spola na uspjeh u prirodoslovlju i stavove o njemu
Authors: Sadi Ozlem , Cakıroglu Jale
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of logical thinking ability and gender on students’ science achievements and attitudes towards science. Test of Logical Thinking (TOLT), Attitude towards Science Scale, and Sense Organs Achievement Test were administered to 72 elementary school students to determine their logical thinking abilities, attitudes towards science and achievement, respectively. The two-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) results revealed no statistically significant mean difference between the boys and girls with respect to their achievements and attitudes towards science. Moreover, logical thinking ability had a significant effect on their achievements in science; however, there was no statistically significant logical thinking ability difference with respect to their attitudes towards science.Key words: attitude towards science; logical thinking ability; science achievement; sense organs.---SažetakCilj je ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi učinak sposobnosti logičkog mišljenja i spola na učenički uspjeh u prirodoslovlju i stavove o njemu. Test logičkog mišljenja (TLM), skala sa stavovima o prirodoslovlju i test o osjetilnim organima primijenjeni su na 72 učenika osnovne škole da bi se odredila njihova sposobnost logičkog mišljenja, stavovi o prirodoslovlju i uspjeh. Rezultati dvosmjerne multivarijantne analize varijance (MANOVA) nisu pokazali statistički značajnu razliku između  srednje vrijednosti dječaka i djevojčica s obzirom na uspjeh i stavove o prirodoslovlju. Sposobnost logičkog mišljenja imala je značajan učinak na njihov uspjeh u prirodoslovlju. Međutim, nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika u sposobnosti logičkog mišljenja s obzirom na stavove o prirodoslovlju.   Ključne riječi: osjetilni organi; stavovi o prirodoslovlju; sposobnost logičkog mišljenja; uspjeh u prirodoslovlju.
Alternatives to Randomized Control Trials: A Review of Three Quasi-experimental Designs for Causal Inference
Authors: Gorrall Brittany , Curtis Jacob , Little Todd , Panko Pavel
Published: November 2015

Los diseños de Pruebas Controladas Aleatorizadas (PCA) son típicamente vistas como el mejor diseño en la investigación en psicología. Como tal, no es siempre posible cumplir con las especificaciones de las PCA y por ello muchos estudios son realizados en un marco cuasi experimental. Aunque los diseños cuasi experimentales son considerados menos convenientes que los diseños PCA, con directrices estos pueden producir inferencias igualmente válidas. En este artículo presentamos tres diseños cuasi experimentales que son formas alternativas a los diseños PCA. Estos diseños son Regresión de Punto de Desplazamiento (RPD), Regresión Discontinua (RD), Pareamiento por Puntaje de Propensión (PPP). Adicionalmente, describimos varias mejorías metodológicas para usar con este tipo de diseños. 
Modelos Rasch: ¿cuán (in-)coherentemente son presentados y utilizados?
Authors: San Martin Gutiérrez Ernesto Javier
Published: November 2015

El modelo Rasch es ampliamente usado para el análisis de datos educacionales. En la práctica, se reportan los estimadores de la dificultad de los ítemes, y los estimadores de las habilidades de los individuos. Sin embargo, nunca se explicita qué significado tiene el término “dificultad”, y cuál el término “habilidad”. Los significados de estos términos no dependen de las estimaciones; al contrario, estas últimas han de interpretarse en función del significado de los primeros. En este trabajo se muestra que el significado de las nociones de “dificultad” y “habilidad” dependen de la forma en que el modelo Rasch se especifica. En la literatura psicométrica hay dos maneras de especificar dicho modelo: una que solo se limita a modelar los observables; la otra, que además de los observables, modela no-observables. La primera forma de especificación se debe al mismo Rasch, mientras que la segunda fue desarrollada por Lord. 