bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ophthalmomyiasis
externa uzrokovana larvama Oestrus ovis: prvi
slučaj u Primorsko-goranskoj županiji
Authors: Franjić Kristina , Šimić Tin , Škrobonja Ivana , Markušić Vedran , Abram Maja
Published: June 2024

Cilj: Cilj rada je prikazati prvi slučaj oftalmomijaze uzrokovane larvama Oestrus ovis u Primorsko-goranskoj županiji te osvijestiti zdravstvene djelatnike o infestaciji larvama kao mogućem uzročniku konjunktivitisa. Prikaz slučaja: U hitnu oftalmološku ambulantu upućena je pacijentica zbog osjećaja stranog tijela u oku. Oftalmološkim pregledom lijevo je utvrđena kemoza bulbarne spojnice uz prisutnost triju larvi. Nakon aplikacije lokalnog anestetika larve su uklonjene i poslane na mikrobiološku analizu. Mikroskopskim pregledom uočene su larve koje su prema morfologiji odgovarale larvama ovčjeg štrka stadija L1. Pacijentici su preporučene kortikosteroidne i antibiotske kapi i mast za oko te je na kontrolnom pregledu za tri dana došlo do potpune regresije simptoma. Zaključci: U Hrvatskoj su do sada u literaturi zabilježena samo dva slučaja humane estroze. Rana dijagnoza i liječenje važni su zbog sprječavanja mogućih komplikacija. Za ovo stanje ne postoji sistemska terapija, nego se provodi mehaničko odstranjivanje uzročnika uz lokalni antibiotik za sprječavanje bakterijske infekcije.
Is Donation after Circulatory Determination of Death in Japan Uncontrolled or Controlled?
Authors: Kin Tatsuya , Noguchi Hirofumi , Kawaguchi Atsushi
Published: June 2024

Using donation after circulatory determination of death (DCD) donors has been shown to be a potential means of increasing the number of donors for organ transplantation. The purpose of this study was to examine the published practice of DCD in Japan to properly define their practice as controlled or uncontrolled. Through the Web of Science database, we systematically searched articles describing uncontrolled DCD, controlled DCD or Maastricht classification. A total of 12 articles (ten articles related to kidney, one to pancreas, another to islet transplantation), which were published between 1999 and 2023 from Japanese institutes, were eligible for our study. Systematic review revealed that most DCD in Japan occurs when a terminally ill patient undergoes an expected cardiac arrest without rapid discontinuation from a ventilator, and in some cases with premortem interventions such as cannulation to the femoral vessels. Surprisingly, these DCD donors in Japan have been categorized as uncontrolled DCD. This categorization confuses the donation and transplantation community globally because the international consensus is that uncontrolled DCD occurs after an unexpected cardiac arrest. Further clear definition of terminology would be required within Japan as well as other countries practicing uncontrolled DCD.
Acceptance of Social Media Recruitment for Clinical Studies Among Patients With Hepatitis B: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Willem Theresa , Zimmermann Bettina M , Matthes Nina , Rost Michael , Buyx Alena
Published: June 2024

Background

Social media platforms are increasingly used to recruit patients for clinical studies. Yet, patients’ attitudes regarding social media recruitment are underexplored.

Objective

This mixed methods study aims to assess predictors of the acceptance of social media recruitment among patients with hepatitis B, a patient population that is considered particularly vulnerable in this context.

Methods

Using a mixed methods approach, the hypotheses for our survey were developed based on a qualitative interview study with 6 patients with hepatitis B and 30 multidisciplinary experts. Thematic analysis was applied to qualitative interview analysis. For the cross-sectional survey, we additionally recruited 195 patients with hepatitis B from 3 clinical centers in Germany. Adult patients capable of judgment with a hepatitis B diagnosis who understood German and visited 1 of the 3 study centers during the data collection period were eligible to participate. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 28; IBM Corp), including descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Results

On the basis of the qualitative interview analysis, we hypothesized that 6 factors were associated with acceptance of social media recruitment: using social media in the context of hepatitis B (hypothesis 1), digital literacy (hypothesis 2), interest in clinical studies (hypothesis 3), trust in nonmedical (hypothesis 4a) and medical (hypothesis 4b) information sources, perceiving the hepatitis B diagnosis as a secret (hypothesis 5a), attitudes toward data privacy in the social media context (hypothesis 5b), and perceived stigma (hypothesis 6). Regression analysis revealed that the higher the social media use for hepatitis B (hypothesis 1), the higher the interest in clinical studies (hypothesis 3), the more trust in nonmedical information sources (hypothesis 4a), and the less secrecy around a hepatitis B diagnosis (hypothesis 5a), the higher the acceptance of social media as a recruitment tool for clinical hepatitis B studies.

Conclusions

This mixed methods study provides the first quantitative insights into social media acceptance for clinical study recruitment among patients with hepatitis B. The study was limited to patients with hepatitis B in Germany but sets out to be a reference point for future studies assessing the attitudes toward and acceptance of social media recruitment for clinical studies. Such empirical inquiries can facilitate the work of researchers designing clinical studies as well as ethics review boards in balancing the risks and benefits of social media recruitment in a context-specific manner.
Evaluation of ChatGPT's Responses to Google Searches About Dry Eye (Preprint)
Authors: Sönmezoğlu Sr Halil İbrahim , Güner Sönmezoğlu Büşra
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

ChatGPT may have the potential to provide detailed information in the field of health and even dry eye

OBJECTIVE

This study was to evaluate the text's quality, readability, and comprehensibility of the content generated by the ChatGPT about the most frequently searched queries on Google about dry eye disease (DED).

METHODS

The research employed Google Trends to discover the most commonly searched terms associated with DED. These identified keywords were then entered into ChatGPT, and the generated responses were evaluated for quality using the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients tool (EQIP). The readability of the content was measured using both Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch-Kincaid Reading Ease (FKRE) parameters

RESULTS

The most commonly searched phrases were "eye drops," "dry eyes," and "dry eye drops." The countries that showed the greatest interest in these topics were the United States of America, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. The statistical analysis uncovered substantial concerns regarding the readability and comprehension of ChatGPT's written content about DED, indicating a necessity for enhancement. The low average EQIP value indicated the need to improve the quality and reliability of the content generated by ChatGPT.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this indicated that the readability of ChatGPT's content on DED surpassed predefined standards but also highlighted concerns about its quality. Enhancing quality could be achieved by retraining the virtual intelligence with credible sources and verifying information through expert review can enhance the quality of the content.
Technology Innovation Systems in Healthcare
The case of Artificial intelligence (AI) (Preprint)
Authors: Apell Petra , Eriksson Henrik , Locher Sara , Milde Annie
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a topic of considerable hype, with many actors sensing its high potential for healthcare applications. Despite this, the uptake has been slow, with few applications being implemented in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE

A qualitative case study with a mixed method approach was conducted at one of Sweden’s largest hospitals. A literature review and mapping of CE-approved AI medical devices was conducted and primary qualitative data from 14 expert interviews were collected and cross-referenced with secondary quantitative data. The framework technological innovation systems (TIS) was used to analyze the system factors and its dynamics to identify blocking mechanisms and areas for improvement.

METHODS

The present study employed a mixed methods approach that triangulated quantitative and qualitative data to provide a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the research topic [34].

RESULTS

The challenges related to resource mobilization and market formation block the continued development of the innovation system. Establishing a technical infrastructure for testing and validation could strengthen subsequently contribute to reinforcing the entire system, given how functions interact and influence each other.

CONCLUSIONS

As shown by this analysis the adoption of AI healthcare technology innovations can be enhanced by establishing avenues for testing and validation to yield illustrative use cases. Interconnectedness between the guidance of search and entrepreneurial experimentation in the early development of TIS have been confirmed. Additionally, our study provided evidence that TIS undergo innovation cycles, where interactions across the supply and demand side are needed.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
The comparative sufficiency of ChatGPT, Google Bard, and Bing AI in answering diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis questions about common dermatological diagnoses (Preprint)
Authors: Chau Courtney Andrea , Feng Hao , Cobos Gabriela , Park Joyce
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Our team explored the utility of unpaid versions of three artificial intelligence chatbots in offering patient-facing responses to questions about five common dermatological diagnosis, and highlights the strengths and limitations of different AI chatbots, while demonstrating how chatbots present the most potential in tandem with a dermatologist’s diagnosis.
Autologous ovarian tissue transplantation and longevity improvement (experimental mice model). (Preprint)
Authors: Ruhliada Nikolai
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

In the study we showed the improvement in life longevity in mice after step-by step autologous ovarian transplantation. This has proven to be more efficient than "traditional" hormonal replacement therapy. Despite the highest speed and effectiveness of estradiol replacement deficiency in blood by its oral or transdermal use, one did not receive a significant increase in the life longevity in animals and possibly in women (Canderelli R. , Leccesse L. et al. 2007). The function of transplanted fragment is usually limited to 6-12 months. This is enough for oncofertility purposes, sometimes, but not for longevity improvement. We performed periodical tissue return (autologous transplantation), containing both cortex and medulla in mice experimental model, that resulted in statistically reliable improvement of longevity. The experimental model we suggested could be projected and to other mammals or humans, as the cortical transplantation gives the same results for reproduction restoration in mice and humans and even on hormone levels normalization, but there is still lack of information about anti-ageing factors containing in ovarian medulla and cortex. That is why we consider that the most important factor for anti-ageing transplantation technology is to preserve both medulla and cortex.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-2024.05.06.592661
The development of an integrated surveillance system to improve preparedness to arbovirus outbreaks in a dengue endemic setting (Preprint)
Authors: Leandro André , Maciel-de-Freitas Rafael
Published: June 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Dengue fever, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, poses a significant public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions. Dengue surveillance involves monitoring the incidence, distribution, and trends of infections through systematic data collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination. It supports public health decision-making, guiding interventions like vector control, vaccination campaigns, and public education. Herein, we report the development of a surveillance system already in use to support public health managers against dengue transmission in Foz do Iguaçu, a dengue endemic Brazilian city located in the Triple Border with Argentina and Paraguay. We present data encompassing the fieldwork organization of more than 100 health agents, gathering epidemiological and entomological data from November 2022 to April 2024, totalizing 18 months of data collection. By registering health agents, we were able to provide support for those facing issues to fill their daily milestone of inspecting 16 traps per working day. We filtered dengue transmission in the city by patients age, gender, and reporting units, as well as according to dengue virus (DENV) serotype. The entomological indices presented strong seasonal pattern, as expected. Several long-time established routines in Foz do Iguaçu have been directly impacted by the adoption of VITEC. The implementation of VITEC has enabled more efficient and accurate diagnostics of local transmission risk, leading to a better understanding of operational activity patterns and risks. Lately, local public health managers can easily identify hotspots of dengue transmission and optimize interventions toward those highly sensitive areas.
Exploring the Credibility of Large Language Models for Mental Health Support: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Gautam Dipak , Kellmeyer Philipp
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT; Google) and GPT (OpenAI), has introduced significant advancements in natural language processing. These models are increasingly integrated into various applications, including mental health support. However, the credibility of LLMs in providing reliable and explainable mental health information and support remains underexplored.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review systematically maps the factors influencing the credibility of LLMs in mental health support, including reliability, explainability, and ethical considerations. The review is expected to offer critical insights for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers, guiding future research and policy development. These findings will contribute to the responsible integration of LLMs into mental health care, with a focus on maintaining ethical standards and user trust.

METHODS

This review follows PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Eligibility criteria include studies that apply transformer-based generative language models in mental health support, such as BERT and GPT. Sources include PsycINFO, MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. A systematic search of studies from 2019 onward will be conducted and updated until October 2024. Data will be synthesized qualitatively. The Population, Concept, and Context framework will guide the inclusion criteria. Two independent reviewers will screen and extract data, resolving discrepancies through discussion. Data will be synthesized and presented descriptively.

RESULTS

As of September 2024, this study is currently in progress, with the systematic search completed and the screening phase ongoing. We expect to complete data extraction by early November 2024 and synthesis by late November 2024.

CONCLUSIONS

This scoping review will map the current evidence on the credibility of LLMs in mental health support. It will identify factors influencing the reliability, explainability, and ethical considerations of these models, providing insights for practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and users. These findings will fill a critical gap in the literature and inform future research, practice, and policy development, ensuring the responsible integration of LLMs in mental health services.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/62865
Purwarupa Sistem Klasifikasi Legalitas Investasi Berbasis Algoritma Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory
Authors: Nugraha Muhammad Navi , Arrofiq Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Investasi ilegal telah menjadi permasalahan serius di Indonesia, yang mengakibatkan kerugian finansial yang signifikan bagi investor dan perekonomian. Pengecekan legalitas perusahaan investasi secara manual belum efektif dan memakan waktu. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memanfaatkan teknologi machine learning dengan metode text classification untuk melakukan prediksi otomatis terhadap pesan investasi. Metode text classification digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengategorikan pesan investasi berbahasa Indonesia dari media sosial, terutama Telegram, menjadi legal atau ilegal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang purwarupa sistem deteksi legalitas investasi. Dataset yang digunakan diperoleh dari media sosial Telegram, terdiri dari dua varian dengan jumlah 2996 data dan 210 data yang mencakup pesan investasi legal dan ilegal. Proses penelitian meliputi pengumpulan data, preprocessing, pelatihan model klasifikasi, evaluasi, dan pembuatan aplikasi web untuk deteksi pesan investasi. Dalam penelitian ini, dua algoritma, yaitu BiLSTM dan LSTM, diimplementasikan dan dibandingkan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan jumlah data dalam dataset, rasio pembagian dataset, penggunaan algoritma BiLSTM dan LSTM, confusion matrix, serta aplikasi web. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa model klasifikasi teks dengan algoritma BiLSTM dan jumlah data 2996 dengan rasio pembagian 70:30 memberikan performa tertinggi dibandingkan varian lain. Model dengan algoritma BiLSTM tersebut mampu mencapai akurasi sebesar 96%, presisi 98%, dan recall 93%. Aplikasi web berhasil mendeteksi pesan investasi menggunakan model dengan performa tertinggi dan berjalan sesuai dengan rancangan yang telah ditetapkan.
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Testing Effects of Lademirsen on Kidney Function Decline in Adults with Alport Syndrome
Authors: Gale Daniel P. , Gross Oliver , Wang Fang , Esteban de la Rosa Rafael José , Hall Matthew , Sayer John A. , Appel Gerald , Hariri Ali , Liu Shiguang , Maski Manish , Shen Yuqian , Zhang Qi , Iqbal Sajida , Kowthalam Madhurima Uppara , Lin Julie , Ding Jie ,   on behalf of the HERA Clinical Trial Group
Published: June 2024

Key Points

Lademirsen, an anti–microRNA-21 therapy, was generally well-tolerated in adults with Alport syndrome at risk of rapid disease progression.

There were no significant differences between lademirsen-treated and placebo-treated participants in eGFR at any timepoint.

The proportions of participants with prespecified reductions in eGFR at weeks 24 and 48 were not significantly different for lademirsen versus placebo.

Background

Preclinical models of disease have suggested that targeting microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) may slow the decline in kidney function in individuals with Alport syndrome (AS). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the anti–miRNA-21 oligonucleotide, lademirsen, on rate of eGFR decline in adults with AS at risk of rapid disease progression.

Methods

This study was a phase 2 trial of lademirsen, with a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled period followed by an open-label period. Adults with AS, eGFR >35 to <90 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and evidence of rapidly progressive kidney dysfunction were randomized 2:1 to lademirsen 110 mg subcutaneously once weekly or placebo for 48 weeks. After a planned interim analysis (after 24 of 43 randomized participants completed the week 48 study visit or discontinued before week 48), the trial was terminated for futility.

Results

Forty-three adults with AS (26 men, 17 women) participated (mean age 34 years), and 28 (lademirsen: n=19; placebo: n=9) completed 48 weeks of double-blind treatment. All participants in both groups developed treatment-emergent adverse events, mainly respiratory tract infections, headache, dizziness, metabolic/electrolyte disturbances, and anemia. Treatment was discontinued in three lademirsen-treated participants in the double-blind period and one participant in the open-label period, owing to treatment-emergent adverse events. The least squares mean eGFR slope (95% confidence interval) over 48 weeks in the lademirsen and placebo groups was −5 (−8.7 to −1.1) and −5 (−10.2 to 0.8) ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, respectively. No significant differences between groups were identified in eGFR at any timepoint or in proportion of participants with prespecified reductions in eGFR at week 24 or 48.

Conclusions

While anti–miRNA-21 therapy with lademirsen was generally well-tolerated with an acceptable safety profile, no meaningful improvement in rate of kidney function decline in adults with AS at risk of rapidly progressive disease was observed.

Clinical Trial registration number:

NCT02855268.
Contemporary Critical Theories
Authors: Chauhan Niyati
Published: June 2024

A brief introduction to literary criticism and literary theory are given at the start. In any genre, the critic must be, in a sense, a political thinker, sociologist, and psychologist, as well as a literary historian and aesthetician. Additionally, this paper examines various critical, literary concepts and finally the conclusion is drawn by means of the review of literature indicated. Literary theory is the systematic study of the nature of literature and of the methods for literary analysis. It is the body of ideas and methods we use in the practical reading of literature. By literary theory we refer not to the meaning of a work of literature but to the theories that reveal what literature can mean. Literary theory is a description of the underlying principles, one might say the tools, by which we attempt to understand literature. All literary interpretation draws on a basis in theory but can serve as a justification for very different kinds of critical activity. It is literary theory that formulates the relationship between author and work; literary theory develops the significance of race, class, and gender for literary study, both from the standpoint of the biography of the author and an analysis of their thematic presence within texts. In simple words, it is a perspective with which we look at and interpret a text.
Ball convergence of derivative free iterative methods with or without memory using weight operator technique
Authors: Argyros Ioannis K. , George Santhosh , Argyros Christopher
Published: June 2024

A method without memory as well as a method with memory are developed free of derivatives for solving Banach space valued equations. Their ball convergence analysis is provided using only the derivative and the divided difference of order one in contrast to earlier works on the real line using the fifth as well as the seventh derivative. This way the applicability is expanded for these methods.
On graded 2-absorbing primal ideals
Authors: Al-shorman Tamem , Bataineh Malik
Published: June 2024

Let R be G-graded ring. In this paper, we introduce and devoted to the concept of graded 2-absorbing primal ideal of R which is a generalization of graded primal ideal. These ideals and their homogeneous components are given some features and characterizations.
Growth of E-Commerce and Rural India
Authors: Purohit Vedant R. , Sahoo Rohit K. , Gangani Pratik D. , Shinde Shivam S. , Kodabagi Prof. Mahantesh
Published: June 2024

Abstract: E-commerce is the trading of products and services through the medium of the Internet. In this paper, we present factors that are fuelling growth in the e-commerce sector inIndia. The methodology of my study is fromsecondary sources such as articles, journals,reports, papers, blogs, and conference proceedings. E-commerce is one of the fastest-growing businesses, with India having great investment market potential. There has been a huge surge in investment since last year and more is expected in coming years. The rapid growth in the use of mobile and internet users has facilitated e-commerce business in both urban and rural cities. India'se-commerce revenue is expected to jump from $30 billion in 2016 to $ 120 billion in 2020, growing at an annual rate of 51%, the highest in the world, according to a joint ASSOCHAM- Forrester study paper.
Manjolai Estate Conflict in Tirunelveli District - A Historical Survey
Authors: Sevugaperumal A. , Ganeshram Dr. S.
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The tea estates of Manjolai, Kakkachi, Nalumukku, Oothu and Kuthiravetti are situated in the hills of Ambasamudram in Tirunelveli District. Middlemen of the employers brought people of Scheduled Caste communities from Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi regions and the Ezhava people from various parts of Kerala to work as labourers in the estates. The labourers are overseen by the Supervisors addressed as ‘Kangani’ who in turn are answerable to field officers called as Ayya, and they work under Estate Managers respectfully called Durai. The Estate Managers are usually from other states such as Karnataka and Punjab, and the Officers are from other districts in the State. In the year 1948, the Tamil Nadu Estates (Abolition and Conversion to Ryotwari) Act was enacted, and consequentially the Singampatti Zamin’s lands too came under the control of the Government. As a result, in the year 1952, BBTC had to renew its lease contract with the then Congress-led government in Tamil Nadu. Even though decades have passed, many of the demands raised by the labourers still remain unfulfilled. In painful contrast to the fresh leaves of tea that they pluck in the scenic hills up in Manjolai, the lives of the Tea Estate labourers remain as barren as a desert. The deceased workers were employed at the Bombay Burma Trading Corporation’s (BBTC) tea estates in Manjolai. Manjolai labourers massacre or Thamirabarani massacre of 23 July 1999 was the death of 17 Dalit labourers, including two women and a two-year- old child, when they got into the river to escape Tamil Nadu Police lathi-charge. Public were going in procession to Tirunelveli Collectorate to submit a memorandum demanding wage settlement for the tea plantation workers of Manjolai estate. An altercation between the police and the marchers resulted in a lathi charge by police. When the marchers ran helter-skelter, many fell into the river and died.Human Rights Watch condemned the brutal police attack and killing of Dalit tea plantation workers
An Implementation on Energy Efficient Task Scheduling in Cloud Environment
Authors: Yadav Monika , Chawla Rama
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Cloud computing has revolutionized the way computing resources are utilized by providing scalable, on-demand access to a shared pool of resources over the internet. It offers significant advantages such as cost savings, flexibility, and accessibility, making it an essential technology for businesses and individuals alike. However, the increasing energy consumption associated with cloud data centres has become a critical concern, necessitating the development of energy-efficient task scheduling algorithms. This paper explores various algorithms designed to optimize task scheduling in cloud environments to reduce energy consumption. Among these, heuristic algorithms like Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are popular for their ability to find near-optimal solutions in large search spaces. Additionally, machine learning-based approaches, such as Reinforcement Learning (RL), have shown promise in dynamically adapting to workload variations and improving energy efficiency. Other notable algorithms include Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), each offering unique mechanisms to balance performance and energy usage. The focus of this paper is on the implementation and comparative analysis of these task scheduling algorithms in a cloud environment. We present a comprehensive evaluation of their performance, highlighting their strengths and limitations in achieving energy efficiency. The results demonstrate that while no single algorithm is universally optimal, tailored combinations of these approaches can significantly enhance energy savings in cloud data centres.
Weapon Detection Using Faster R-CNN
Authors: Rao K. Deepa , Kumar Naram Pranay , Vaishnavi Nagapuri , Akharsha Thummala
Published: June 2024

Abstract: As criminal activities continue to rise, ensuring security has become a top priority across various sectors. Computer vision technology is being extensively employed to address this problem by detecting and monitoring abnormalities. Video surveillance systems capable of identifying and analyzing scenes and detecting anomalous events have become increasingly essential to safeguard personal belongings, ensure safety, and enhance security. Such systems play a crucial role in intelligence monitoring. In this study, we implemented automatic weapon (or gun) detection using Faster RCNN techniques. Two datasets were utilized: one consisting of pre-labeled photos, and the other a collection of manually labeled images. Upon analyzing the data, both algorithms yielded highly precise outcomes. However, the practicality of these systems in real-world scenarios will ultimately depend on the trade-off between time and accuracy
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PEKTIN DARI KULIT PISANG KAPAS (Musa acuminata Colla) TERHADAP MUTU SELAI LEMBARAN MANGGA HARUMANIS (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Tuslinah Lilis , Rahmawati Sita , Fathurohman Mochamad
Published: June 2024

Pektin merupakan polimer dari asam D-galakturonat yang dihubungkan oleh ikatan α-1,4 glikosidik. Pektin banyak digunakan dalam industri farmasi, makanan dan minuman sebagai agen pembentuk gel dan agen penstabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah kulit pisang kapas sebagai sumber alternatif pektin serta menentukan kadar pektin yang dimbahkan pada pembuatan selai lembaran buah mangga harumanis dengan kualitas terbaik. Pektin dari kulit pisang kapas diperoleh dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut HCl dengan pH 2,5 pada suhu 100°C selama 120 menit. Rendemen yang diperoleh yaitu sebanyak 8,67%. Pektin yang diperoleh dianalisis untuk memenuhi syarat mutu pektin yaitu kadar air 9,85%, kadar abu 6,73%, berat ekivalen 6.460,485 mg, kadar metoksil 2,85%, kadar galakturonat 75,73%, derajat esterifikasi 21,4% dan analisis spektrum Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) dan didapatkan produk selai lembaran terbaik pada penambahan pektin sebanyak 1,5%. Kemudian selai lembaran dianalisis dan didapatkan hasil kadar air 17,55%, analisis tekstur 84,56%, total padatan terlarut 70% serta uji hedonik terhadap organoleptik dari selai lembaran yaitu warna, aroma, rasa serta tekstur yang pada umumnya panelis menyukai selai lembaran buah mangga harumanis dengan penambahan 1,5% pektin dari kulit pisang kapas.
Keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi melalui media gambar lambang negara di sekolah dasar
Authors: Utami Sifa Hilmia , Indrihadi Dian , Saputra Erwin Rahayu
Published: June 2024

The research was conducted to determine the skills of writing descriptive text through the medium of images of state symbols for elementary school students. The purpose of this study was to describe the influence of media images of state symbols on the skills of writing descriptive texts for class III elementary school students. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. This descriptive-statistical quantitative research uses a pre-experiment research design aimed at making observations in structured research similar to experiments. The results of the study showed that media images of state symbols had an influence on the writing skills of class III students' description texts. This research was conducted in three stages including testing students' writing results before being given treatment (pretest), giving treatment, and testing students' writing results after being given treatment in the form of media images of national symbols. The sample in this study were 17 students. Of the 17 students, 16 students experienced an increase in their skills in writing descriptive text. While 1 person has the same value in both the pretest and posttest.Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi melalui media gambar lambang negara kelas rendah Sekolah Dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh media gambar lambang negara terhadap keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi kelas III Sekolah Dasar. metode penelitian yang diginakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif deskriptif. Penelitian kuantitatif statustik deskriptif ini mengginakan desain penelitian Pre-experiment bertujuan untuk melakukan pengamatan pada penelitian terstruktur yang mirip dengan eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa media gambar lambang negara memiliki pengaruh terhadap keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi peserta didik kelas III. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahapan diantaranya menguji hasil tulisan peserta didik sebelum diberikan perlakuan (pretest), pemberian perlakuan, dan menguji hasil tulisan peserta didik setelah diberikan perlakuan berupa media gambar lambang negara. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 17 peserta didik. Dari 17 peserta didik, sebanyak 16 peserta didik mengalami peningkatan dalam keterampilan menulis teks deskripsi. Sementara 1 orang memiliki nilai yang sama baik dalam pretest maupun posttest.
Penerapan managemen kelas untuk meningkatkan karakter disiplin siswa di sekolah dasar
Authors: Kurniawati  , Sutisnawati Astri , Hamdani Maula Luthfi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini didasari oleh kurangnya partisipasi siswa dalam belajar serta tingkat kedisiplinan yang masih kurang yang berimbas pada hasil belajar PPKn siswa, dan hal tersebut berdampak pada tujuan capaian belajar yang belum tercapai maksimal. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan penelitian tindakan kelas. Terdapat 25 siswa yang menjadi subjek penelitian di kelas I SD Negeri Mekarjaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui dua siklus, mencakup fase perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Selama proses pembelajaran, pengumpulan data dan pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan bersama. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi manajemen kelas mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PKKN) serta kedisiplinan siswa kelas I SD Negeri Mekarjaya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada awalnya, hanya 9 dari 25 siswa yang memenuhi kriteria kelulusan, sedangkan sisanya tidak. Namun, setelah dilakukan Siklus I, jumlah siswa yang memenuhi kriteria meningkat menjadi 18, dengan hanya 7 siswa yang tidak memenuhi kriteria. Dan pada Siklus II, 23 siswa berhasil mencapai kriteria kelulusan yang ditetapkan dan hanya 2 orang siswa yang masih di bawah KKM. Adapun persentase kelulusan pada pra-siklus hanya mencapai 32%, kemudian meningkat menjadi 72% pada Siklus I, dan mencapai 92% pada Siklus II, melebihi target yang telah ditetapkan sebesar 80%. Selain itu pada aspek kedisiplinan hasil observasi pada kegiatan tahap siklus 1 memiliki peningkatan menuju siklus II. Pada siklus II terlihat bahwa peningkatan setiap indicator kedisiplinannya sangat meningkat secara signifikan, sehingga dalam indicator ketaatan waktu belajar  mendapatkan  presentase sebesar 81%, indicator ketaatan mengerjakan tugas sebesar 82%, indicator ketaatan waktu datang dan pulang sebesar 93% dan indicator terkait pelaksanaan kegiatan diperoleh presentase sebesar 93%. Sehingga pada siklus II termasuk ke dalam kategori “sangat baik”  Dengan demikian, penerapan penggunaan penggunaan manajemen kelas guna meningkatkatkan karakter disiplin dan hasil belajar siswa di SDN Mekarjaya terbukti berhasil.
Pembelajaran daring kemampuan berpikir kritis materi jenis usaha dan kegiatan ekonomi di indonesia pada siswa kelas V SD Atta’zhimiyah kota Bandung dengan metode kontekstual menggunakan video pembelajaran
Authors: Katidjah Jajah Ratna , Murni Sukma , Widianto Febri Restu
Published: June 2024

This study aims to examine the learning of critical thinking skills on the type of business and economic activity in Indonesia in class V students with contextual methods using online-based learning video media.. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects in this study were fifth grade students of SD Atta'Zhimiyah Bandung City with a total of 25 students. The instruments used were teacher and student observation sheets, test questions, and teacher and student interview questionnaires. The results showed that there was an increase in the quality of learning when the learning video media was applied. This is indicated by the average value of IPS understanding in the class of 89.20 which is classified in the good category, the highest score of students is 100 and the lowest value is 60. Student learning mastery shows 92.0% of students getting scores above the minimum completeness criteria and 8, 0% still gets a score below the minimum completeness criteria value.
Pengembangan buku interaktif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa sekolah dasar terhadap materi pola hidup gotong – royong pada kelas III
Authors: Tirtoni Feri
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
.             Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku interaktif sebagai alat pembelajaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas III terhadap materi pola hidup gotong-royong. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan menurut model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation). Pada tahap analisis, dilakukan studi literatur dan observasi awal untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan siswa serta hambatan yang dihadapi dalam pemahaman materi pola hidup gotong-royong. Selanjutnya, tahap desain mencakup perencanaan konten, struktur, dan fitur interaktif yang akan disajikan dalam buku interaktif. Kemudian, dalam tahap pengembangan, buku interaktif dirancang dan diproduksi menggunakan teknologi digital yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa. Setelah itu, tahap implementasi dilakukan dengan menguji coba buku interaktif pada siswa kelas III di sebuah sekolah dasar. Selama proses implementasi, data diperoleh melalui observasi, tes, dan angket untuk mengukur pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pola hidup gotong-royong. Terakhir, tahap evaluasi dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan buku interaktif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan buku interaktif dapat signifikan meningkatkan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pola hidup gotong-royong. Selain itu, siswa juga menunjukkan minat dan motivasi yang tinggi dalam menggunakan buku interaktif ini sebagai sarana pembelajaran. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa buku interaktif dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran tentang pola hidup gotong-royong pada siswa kelas III.
Kata Kunci: Pancasila; pengembangan buku interaktif, pemahaman siswa, pola hidup gotong-royong, sekolah dasar, kelas III.
Estágio Curricular Supervisionado: O Currículo de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados
Authors: Rocha Cristiane Ribeiro Cabral , Alencar Edvonete Souza de
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo aborda aspectos teóricos acerca do Estágio Curricular Supervisionado, tendo por objetivo analisar o currículo do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), bem como as possibilidades e limites do Estágio na Formação de Professores. É uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo de análise documental e teórica. A partir da análise do Projeto Pedagógico do curso, foi possível evidenciar que o Estágio possibilita a formação de um profissional crítico-reflexivo, fator esse que se dá pelo tempo    e permanência dos acadêmicos no ambiente escolar, onde as atividades teórico-práticas      são possibilitadas diante da diversidade e multiplicidade de questões inerentes à organização escolar. Os desafios observados pelos futuros docentes são problematizados à luz da teoria no ambiente acadêmico, o que torna contínua a relação universidade e escola. Por fim, compreender o Estágio como um movimento formativo profícuo de ensino e pesquisa, principalmente, em ampliação de carga horária e como componente curricular com um regimento próprio, assim como apresenta o Projeto Pedagógico do curso de Pedagogia da UFGD, possibilita uma formação docente com potencialidades e experiências, munindo-os de uma bagagem sólida de conhecimento crítico, social e reflexivo, para uma atuação profissional duradoura.
Estágio supervisionado remoto na licenciatura em Física: o que dizem os licenciandos?
Authors: Portela Caroline Dorada Pereira , Higa Ivanilda
Published: June 2024

Foram analisadas as percepções de licenciandos sobre o estágio curricular supervisionado no curso de licenciatura em Física de uma instituição federal de ensino da região sul do Brasil, no período da pandemia de Coronavírus. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com análise de entrevistas semiestruturadas do tipo história de vida com três licenciandos em Física que realizaram todas as disciplinas de estágio supervisionado de docência em formato remoto. Na percepção dos entrevistados, o estágio supervisionado neste contexto foi repleto de desafios e limitações, como: a pouca interação com os estudantes e o tempo reduzido das aulas síncronas; e a necessidade de adequar-se à metodologia e conteúdos propostos pelo professor supervisor, tendo pouco espaço para exercer seu protagonismo docente. Como resultado, os entrevistados apontam a necessidade da experiência em sala de aula para se sentirem professores, ressaltando a importância das interações e vivências no contexto escolar como elementos constituintes da formação docente.
Barriers to development of smart cities: Lessons learned from an emerging economy
Authors: Moolngearn Papon , Kraiwanit Tanpat
Published: June 2024

Smart city development is an urban strategy that harnesses technology and innovation to enhance residents’ well-being. Its objectives encompass boosting economic competitiveness and advancing sustainable growth (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], 2019, 2020; Digitalization of Public Administration and Services Delivery Act, B.E. 2562 2019). In this research, a qualitative study was conducted to study the steps to becoming a smart city in Thailand as well as the challenges in the urgent development of smart cities. Ten individuals were interviewed using a purposive sampling method. Content analysis and NVivo software were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that to become a smart city, the steps involve preparing infrastructure, running projects for two years, and seeking certification from the Digital Economy Promotion Agency (DEPA). Certification offers Board of Investment (BOI) incentives, making it appealing to urban areas. In addition, the path to becoming a smart city in Thailand involves careful planning, substantial investment, skills development, collaboration, and regulatory adjustments. Addressing these challenges can help urban areas harness the benefits of smart city technologies, improve the quality of life for residents, promote economic growth, and beyond.
Beyond the Genome: Microproteins Unveiling New Dimensions in Cancer
Authors: S Daisy Precilla , Biswas Indrani , T.S Anitha , B Agieshkumar
Published: June 2024

In the complex landscape of cancer biology, the discovery of
microproteins has triggered a paradigm shift, thereby, challenging the
conventional conceptions of gene regulation. Though overlooked for
years, these entities encoded by the small open reading frames (100-150
codons), have a significant impact on various cellular processes. As the
pioneers of precision medicine delve deeper into genome and proteome,
the spotlight now illuminates these small but mighty proteins, which is
characterized by a single protein domain without any functional motifs.
Till date, though only a small subset of them has been characterized, it
has been demonstrated that these microproteins play a key role in
fundamental biological processes such as RNA processing, DNA repair, and
metabolism regulation. Techniques for identification and
characterization such as ribosome profiling and proteogenomic approaches
have unraveled unique mechanisms by which these microproteins regulate
cell signaling or pathological processes against most of the diseases
including cancer. However, the functional relevance of these
microproteins in cancer remains a mystique. In this context, the current
review aims to “rethink the essence genes” and explore “how the
hidden players-microproteins orchestrate the hallmarks and signaling
cascades of cancer, both as accelerators and brakes”.
Paleomagnetic imprints of sulfate reduction pathways in continental shelf sediments: organoclastic versus anaerobic oxidation of methane
Authors: Zemach Yakar , Shaar Ron , Sivan Orit , Herut Barak , Hyams-Kaphzan Orit , Katz Oded , Roberts Andrew P.
Published: June 2024

Marine continental shelf sediments with high deposition rates may
provide useful archives of rapid geomagnetic secular variation as long
as the primary magnetization is not altered substantially by diagenesis.
To quantify the effects of sulfate (SO42-) reduction, which is a
dominant early diagenetic processes in such sediments, on paleomagnetic
recording, we analyzed four ~6-m long sediment cores
from the Mediterranean shelf. Two cores did not reach the methanogenic
zone and are characterized by continuous organoclastic sulfate reduction
(OSR), while the other two have a distinctive shallow sulfate-methane
transition zone (SMTZ). Depth-age models based on 28 radiocarbon ages
show that deposition was mostly non-synchronous, suggesting that
different parts of the shelf stopped accumulating sediments at different
times during the Holocene. The upper sediment column in all cores is
dominated by detrital titanomagnetite and biogenic magnetite.
OSR-affected sediments record continuous dissolution of the
(titano)magnetites, resulting in a steady decrease in magnetic
susceptibility and remanent magnetic properties. For cores that reach
the methanogenic zone, similar behavior is observed at or above the
STMZ, but the magnetic properties stabilize at greater depths.
Paleomagnetic directions in these sediments are more coherent, with
better agreement with geomagnetic models than sediments affected by OSR.
We suggest that methane-rich sediments with a shallow SMTZ and high
sedimentation rates can better preserve primary paleomagnetic signals
than OSR-dominated sediments due to a lack of dissolved sulfide in the
main methanogenic zone, and that a susceptibility decline with depth
should be a warning sign for paleomagnetic studies.