bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yugoslav Requisition Policy in Kosovo (1945-1952)
Authors: Carani Blerim
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the research paper is to study the requisition policy in the Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, through which a campaign to collect agricultural and livestock products was implemented and transformed into a system of measures aimed at stabilizing the state.
The scientific novelty. Using the example of Kosovo, various aspects and specific types of implementation of the requisition policy are studied, emphasizing the state’s role in its pursuit.
Conclusions. After the end of World War II, the Yugoslav government implemented a planned economy, one element of which was the ‘requisition’ policy. The campaign to collect agricultural and livestock products was performed in all regions of the state, but the rural population of Kosovo, which made up 85% of the total population of the region, suffered the most from it.
The requisition was planned and performed for the following reasons: 1. The initial proclamation of the requisition policy on behalf of the army and police; 2. Seizure of products in the name of brotherhood, unity, and state rebuilding; 3. In the name of assistance to underdeveloped and passive regions; 4. The need to provide for state institutions; 5. The need to create a reserve export fund with neighboring communist countries to exchange agricultural products for industrial goods.
The mandatory seizure was initially focused on white wheat and then was spread to other agricultural and livestock products. Kosovo peasants had no benefits (the author did not find such documents in the archives) and were not exempted from requisitions (facts of exemption from requisitions are found in Albania, Macedonia, and some other states). At the same time, for the entire period from 1947 to 1965, Kosovo received only 2.3% of gross investments, which was the lowest rate of all regions of Yugoslavia.
Was requisition a necessity or an obligation? Failure to fulfill plans on the ground and increased demand for agricultural products forced the state to provide constant clarifications, orders, and additional acts with which it regulated and improved the requisition policy. State bodies did not have realistic plans for the volume of requisitions and social distribution. At the same time, the requisition process did not depend exclusively on the executing bodies and their actions. The problem was the lack of food supplies, losing of producers’ interest in increasing agricultural productivity, and, as a result, a decline in production. Implementing of the requisition policy did not produce tangible and expected results, but turned into severe social and economic consequences.
The Political Role of Jordan in the Arab League, 1946-1951 (on materials of Egyptian Press)
Authors: Mahamoud Ayman
Published: January 2025

The purpose of research paper is to shed light on the political role played by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan within the Arab League during the reign of King Abdullah I 1946-1951. The study analyses Jordan’s stance on shared Arab issues, particularly the Palestinian cause, by examining coverage in the Egyptian press.
The scientific novelty of the research paper is study utilizes rare Egyptian press materials to analyze Jordan’s political role in the Arab League, offering a unique perspective on its positions and interactions. It examines Jordan’s stance on the Palestinian cause and its leadership within the League, highlighting the political dynamics of the time.
Conclusions. The political and military role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in the Palestinian cause was pivotal both before and after the war. Under the leadership of King Abdullah I, Jordan emerged as a vital center for Arab efforts, uniting positions and collaborating with Arab states to support Palestine in the face of numerous challenges. Despite international and regional pressures, the Kingdom maintained a steadfast position in supporting the Palestinian cause, achieving strong coordination with Arab countries despite occasional disagreements.
This role was manifested through active participation in political and military events, particularly in the Arab conference aimed at fostering Arab unity to counter Zionist ambitions, while steadfastly rejecting the partition of Palestine. Jordan’s position was not limited to supporting Palestine; it also extended to opposing political projects that threatened the future of the Arab nation.
The Egyptian press documented Jordan’s role, offering both support and criticism, influenced by Egypt-Jordan rivalries. During the 1948 Palestine War, Jordan showcased its political and military strength, with Amman becoming a hub for Arab movements. However, Egyptian press coverage was often biased, reflecting political competition. Despite King Abdullah’s push for Arab unity, regional challenges hindered his goals.
Amidst political transformations, Jordanian-Arab relations faced numerous challenges, especially regarding the representation of Palestinian Arabs and projects for Arab unity. Despite Jordan’s efforts to achieve Arab unity under King Abdullah’s leadership, conflicting interests hindered its realization, weakening Arab coordination at times. Nevertheless, these challenges serve as a testament to Jordan’s unwavering commitment to the Palestinian cause and its resilience in facing political and regional challenges.
Вшанування пам’яті Тараса Шевченка 22 травня 1972 р. у розпал генерального погрому українського дисидентства
Authors: Paska Bohdan
Published: January 2025

Мета статті – комплексний і всебічний аналіз дисидентської акції щодо вшанування пам’яті Тараса Шевченка 22 травня 1972 р. у контексті загального посилення владного тиску на український національний рух.
Наукова новизна. На основі раніше засекреченої документації Комітету державної безпеки та Центрального комітету Комуністичної партії України удосконалено аналіз феномену шевченківських акцій українських дисидентів як методу боротьби проти політики радянського режиму. Вперше вивчено підготовку дисидентського середовища до акції у 1972 р. та профілактичні заходи з боку влади; з’ясовано хід самого вшанування пам’яті Кобзаря та реакцію силових структур режиму; проаналізовано репресії проти учасників шевченківської акції та їх подальший вплив на становище українського дисидентського руху.
Висновки. Щорічні вшанування пам’яті Т. Шевченка 22 травня представниками дисидентського середовища та національно свідомими громадянами у 1960-х – на початку 1970-х рр. відігравали роль важливого символу руху спротиву національній політиці радянського режиму, спрямованої на зросійщення українців. Після січневих арештів 1972 р. у середовищі українського дисидентського руху окремі його учасники вирішили не відмовлятися від цієї традиції. Силові структури радянського режиму в травні 1972 р. провели ретельну профілактичну роботу для недопущення шевченківської акції. Незважаючи на дії влади, 22 травня 1972 р. біля пам’ятника Кобзарю в Києві відбувся досить велелюдний мітинг за участю як мінімум 150 осіб, який супроводжувався покладанням квітів, співанням українських пісень і демонстративною непокорою міліції. Представники силових структур жорстко розігнали дисидентську демонстрацію, затримавши більше 70-ти осіб.
У наступні тижні та місяці влада посилила ідеологічну кампанію проти «українського буржуазного націоналізму», а працівники КДБ провели таємну роботу щодо виявлення учасників акції та їх «оперативної перевірки». Режим прагнув залякати представників дисидентського середовища, не допустити поширення їх впливу на молоде покоління українців. Дії КДБ і міліції були складовою загального посилення тиску на український дисидентський рух у часи «генерального погрому», мали на меті повне придушення громадської активності національно свідомих громадян. Небайдужим українцям таки вдалося провести шевченківську акцію в 1972 р. навіть в умовах посилення репресивного тиску. Проте брутальний розгін мітингу мав своїм наслідком фактичне припинення цієї дисидентської традиції вшанування пам’яті Кобзаря в наступні роки та десятиліття.
US Congressional Voice: Resolutions on the Suppression of Kosovo’s Self-Governance and Human Rights (1986-1989)
Authors: Hadri Arbër
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the research paper is to emphasize the pivotal role of the U.S. Congress in raising awareness about the Kosovo issue and violations of human rights during the late 1980s, with a specific emphasis on congressional resolutions and lobbying efforts that shaped U.S. foreign policy toward the region.
Scientific novelty. The paper is explores how legislative measures and the early lobbying efforts of prominent U.S. congressmen helped bring the plight of Kosovo Albanians to the international stage, shaping diplomatic responses to the conflict. By analyzing the intersection of domestic political advocacy and international diplomacy, the paper offers valuable insights into early legislative actions and their influence on global political outcomes and human rights initiatives.
Conclusions. In the late 1980s, the U.S. Congress played a pivotal role in addressing the severe human rights violations faced by the Albanian population in Kosovo under Yugoslav rule. Congressional actions, including resolutions introduced by key figures like Congressman Joseph DioGuardi and Senator Robert Dole in 1986 and 1987, condemned the systematic oppression of ethnic Albanians. These initiatives emphasized adherence to international agreements such as the Helsinki Final Act and called for the release of political prisoners. Additional resolutions from 1989, championed by Congressman Tom Lantos, William S. Broomfield, and Benjamin Gilman, further reinforced this stance by condemning Serbia’s efforts to revoke Kosovo’s autonomy and advocating for the Albanians’ right to self-determination and human rights.
This period marked a significant shift in international awareness, with the U.S. Congress acting as a critical voice in highlighting the plight of Kosovo’s ethnic Albanians. Legislative efforts laid the groundwork for integrating Kosovo’s struggles into U.S. foreign policy. Resolution 358 of 1986 was particularly impactful, bringing the issue to the forefront of U.S. diplomacy. By calling for political reforms and the restoration of self-determination in the form of a federal republic, these measures represented the first substantial foreign institutional support for Kosovo’s marginalized population.
At a time when Albanian-American lobbying was still developing, these congressional actions were instrumental in shaping future diplomatic and political pressure on Yugoslavia. The resolutions underscored U.S. commitments to international human rights standards, aligning with frameworks like the Helsinki Accords. They highlighted a strategic approach that emphasized human rights, legal justice, and Kosovo’s right to self-governance.
Революція Гідності на Запоріжжі (листопад 2013 – лютий 2014 рр.)
Authors: Turchenko Galyna , Totska Sofiia
Published: January 2025

Метою статті є характеристика й аналіз подій Революції Гідності, що відбулися на території Запорізької області протягом листопада 2013 – лютого 2014 рр.
Наукова новизна полягає у тому, що в роботі вперше зроблено спробу комплексного дослідження подій Революції Гідності на території Запорізької області (листопад 2013 – лютий 2014 рр.). При підготовці статті використано матеріали інтерв’ювання учасників Революції Гідності, проаналізовано події Євромайдану та Антимайдану у найбільших містах Запорізької області: Запоріжжя, Пологи, Бердянськ, Мелітополь, Енергодар, Василівка.
Висновки. У ході дослідження встановлено, що події Революції Гідності охопили територію Запорізької області протягом листопада 2013 – лютого 2014 рр. Участь мешканців Запорізької області у Революції Гідності була значною. Населення Запоріжжя, Поліг, Бердянська, Мелітополя, Василівки, Енергодару активно приєднувалося до мітингів, акцій і протестів, виражаючи своє незадоволення політичною ситуацією в країні та вимагаючи демократичних змін. Численність учасників мітингів у різних містах області варіювалася від 50 осіб до 5 000 мітингарів.
На противагу Євромайдану виступав Антимайдан. Здебільшого, виступи були малочисельними й у більшості випадків відбувалися біля пам’ятників В. Леніну протягом листопада 2013 – лютого 2014 рр. Проросійськими силами висувалися ідеї та гасла «Русского мира» та «Росії – єдиної батьківщини всіх слов’янських нардів». Поширювалися заклики до Росії «стати гарантом стабільності в Україні» й «очистити місто від бандерівців».
Загалом, можна виділити 3 етапи Революції Гідності у Запорізькій області: 1 етап (листопад 2013 р.) – характеризується малочисельними виступами населення міст Запорізької області щодо підтримки асоціації з ЄС, протягом листопада 2013 р. відбувається формування протиборчих сторін проєвропейських і проросійських сил у регіоні; в соціальних мережах «Вконтакті» та «Фейсбук» населення м. Запоріжжя, Бердянську, Поліг, Василівки поширює інформацію про перші проєвропейські збори; 2 етап (грудень 2013 – січень 2014 рр.) – проходять мітинги протесту проти розгону київського Майдану; у Запоріжжі, Бердянську, Пологах, Мелітополі відбувається концентрація сил Євромайдану навколо прагнення проєвропейського майбутнього та протистояння Антимайдану; 3 етап (лютий 2014 р.) – перемога сил Євромайдану та поразка проросійськи налаштованих політичних еліт, тітушок, міліції у Запорізькій області.
Comparison of the new RIDA qLine Allergy multiparameter immunoblot and the ImmunoCAP Specific IgE test for the identification of clinically relevant food and aeroallergen allergies
Authors: Hahn Katharina K. , Schuppe Marie C. , Hollstein Moritz M. , Forkel Susann , Buhl Timo
Published: January 2025

Background

Multiparameter immunoblot testing is increasingly used as an alternative to multiple individual IgE analyses for type 1 allergies. This study investigated the performance of an inexpensive immunoblot method, the RIDA qLine allergy test system (R-Biopharm AG), vs. the current gold standard.

Methods

Three study-specific panels with 57 individual allergens (food and aeroallergens) were analyzed in serum samples from 200 patients with signs and symptoms of IgE-mediated allergies, using both the RIDA qLine Allergy and the reference method, the ImmunoCAP Specific IgE test (Thermo Fisher Scientific). In case of divergent results, corresponding allergens were remeasured using the secondary reference method, the 3gAllergy Specific IgE Universal Kit (Siemens). The clinical diagnoses of the 200 patients were included. In addition, a cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant (CCD)-inhibitor was used in the testing to decrease the incidence of positive CCD bands.

Results

The mean overall agreement of all food and aeroallergens with the reference methods was 94.9%. Qualitative evaluation showed an average negative percent agreement of 98.9% and an average positive percent agreement of 75.1% for all individual allergens after testing with both reference methods. The additional treatment of samples with the CCD inhibitor successfully reduced the occurrence of positive CCD reactivity after retesting.

Conclusion

The comparative analysis of RIDA qLine Allergy with the reference methods for specific IgE detection revealed a strong correlation between serum IgE levels measured across these platforms and clinical presentations, while also highlighting the necessity for careful contextual interpretation of results. Standardized allergen extracts would improve independent comparisons of different allergy testing methods.
Molecular dynamics of chemotactic signalling orchestrates dental pulp stem cell fibrosis during aging
Authors: Sun Tianmeng , Zhong Qing , Yu Xiaoyi , Luo Huanyu , Ren Feilong , Liu Cangwei , Chen Peng , Flores-Borja Fabian , Sun Hongchen , An Zhengwen
Published: January 2025

Aging often triggers dental pulp fibrosis, resulting in clinical repercussions such as increased susceptibility to dental infections, compromised tooth vitality, and reduced responsiveness to dental interventions. Despite its prevalence, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this condition remains unclear. Leveraging single-cell transcriptome analysis from both our own and publicly available datasets, we identified Ccrl2+ macrophages as particularly vulnerable during the early stages of aging. Notably, dental pulp progenitors with high expression of RARRES2, a unique ligand for CCRL2, facilitate the selective recruitment of a specific macrophage population to the stem cell niches. This process culminates in the formation of the ligand-receptor complex that engages CMKLR1, a receptor broadly expressed across macrophage populations. This interaction drives macrophage activation and expansion through the RARRES2/CCRL2/CMKLR1 axis. Through rigorous experimental validation, we demonstrated that macrophage activation and expansion within stem cell niches lead to increased secretion of proinflammatory factors, promoting dental pulp fibrosis during aging. Our findings uncover the intricate molecular dynamics of dental pulp aging, emphasizing immune microenvironment interactions. This study provides a novel perspective on potential therapeutic strategies for age-related pulp diseases by targeting macrophages and modulating the immune microenvironment.
Monocular 3D object detection for occluded targets based on spatial relationships and decoupled depth predictions
Authors: Gao Yanfei , Miao Xiongwei , Zhang Guoye
Published: January 2025

Autonomous driving is the future trend. Accurate 3D object detection is a prerequisite for achieving autonomous driving. Currently, 3D object detection relies on three main sensors: monocular cameras, stereo cameras, and lidar. In comparison to methods based on stereo cameras and lidar, monocular 3D object detection offers advantages such as a broad detection field and low deployment costs. However, the accuracy of existing monocular 3D object detection methods is not ideal, especially for occluded targets. To tackle this challenge, the paper introduces a novel approach for monocular 3D object detection, denoted as SRDDP-M3D, aiming to improve monocular 3D object detection by considering spatial relationships between targets, and by refining depth predictions through a decoupled approach. We consider how objects are positioned relative to each other in the environment and encode the spatial relationships between neighboring objects, the detection performance is enhanced specially for occluded targets. Furthermore, a strategy of decoupling the prediction of target depth into two components of target visual depth and target attribute depth is introduced. This decoupling is designed to improve the accuracy of predicting the overall depth of the target. Experimental results using the KITTI dataset demonstrate that this approach substantially enhances the detection accuracy of occluded targets.
The impact of pulmonary hypertension on prognosis in moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation patients treated with transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair: a comprehensive meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Zhili , Shao Xinquan , An Zhijing , Chang Yixuan , Liu Shidong , Luo Ziran , Chen Yang , Song Bing
Published: January 2025

Objective

This meta-analysis aims to assess the impact of pulmonary hypertension (PH) on the clinical prognosis of patients with moderate to severe mitral valve regurgitation (MR) undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER).

Methods

As of August 2024, relevant studies were identified through searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases. A comprehensive screening process was conducted, with quality assessment performed utilizing the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data analysis was carried out using Stata17.0 software, generating forest plots, funnel plots, Egger's test, and sensitivity analysis plots to analyze heterogeneity and publication bias. Odds ratios (OR) and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated for dichotomous and continuous variables, respectively, each presented with a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

A total of 10 studies involving 28,404 patients were included, with all articles achieving a NOS score of ≥7. The outcome indicators were as follows: 2-year all-cause mortality [OR = 2.06, 95%CI(1.49, 2.84), p < 0.01, I2 = 79.9%]; heart failure rehospitalization rate [OR = 1.56, 95%CI(1.29,1.76), p < 0.01, I2 = 41.7%]; 30-day all-cause mortality [OR = 2.10, 95%CI(1.78,2.47), p < 0.01, I2 = 0%]; cardiogenic mortality [OR = 2.00, 95%CI (1.61,2.49), p < 0.01, I2 = 0%]; and length of hospital stay [OR = 0.17, 95%CI(0.14,0.20), p < 0.01, I2 = 0%]. All outcome indicators demonstrated that the PH group had significantly worse outcomes compared to the non-PH group. Subgroup analyses were performed on outcome indicators with notable heterogeneity, focusing on PH measurement methods, PH diagnostic criteria, and the severity of PH. The results indicated that most combined subgroup outcomes were consistent with the overall findings and showed significantly reduced heterogeneity. The sources of heterogeneity are likely attributed to the methods of PH measurement, diagnostic criteria for PH, and the severity of PH.

Conclusion

Within two years after undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER), patients with MR and PH experiecne significantly higher rates of all-cause mortality, 30-day all-cause mortality, heart failure readmissions, cardiogenic mortality, and longer hospital stays compared to those without PH.

Systematic Review Registration

https://inplasy.com/, identifier (INPLASY202480068).
Musicians and researchers: two creative professions striving to improve heart health through music
Authors: Pozzati Andrea , Weiskirchen Ralf
Published: January 2025

Musicians and researchers are creative professions that share many similarities. They both aim to bring joy and progress to humanity. In recent decades, it has been shown that music has the ability to alleviate pain, improve heart function, reduce anxiety, and stimulate the release of endogenous opioids in the brain. This has led to the emergence of music therapy as a popular therapeutic option for supporting and regulating cardiovascular health, emotional, cognitive functions, and mental wellbeing. Similarly, translational researchers and clinicians strive to generate new medical knowledge and effective treatments for various diseases. In their daily work, both musicians and scientists engage in the development of new ideas, concepts, and visions. They explore and experiment to find the best way to create something novel. Furthermore, driven by discovery, curiosity, and a deep longing, they strive to make a significant impact on heart health. In today's world, artificial intelligence technology plays an increasingly important role in achieving these goals in both fields. Success is measured by publications in esteemed journals or achieving high rankings on music charts. This review explores the similarities between researchers and musicians and how music therapy can aid in the treatment of specific symptoms related to heart function.
Development of e-learning resources to enhance the pain education curriculum in physiotherapy programs using an action research-guided approach
Authors: Mathew Jerin , Rashid Muhammed , Shirsath Priyanka , Raja Kavitha
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Among healthcare professionals, Physiotherapists (PTs) are important members of pain management teams and are often the first contact clinicians. PTs must stay informed about the latest advancements in pain management to ensure effective practice. India graduates around 15,000 physiotherapy (PT) students annually, with over 20,000 PTs working in various institutions. However, the current pain curriculum needs to be updated, and resources need to be aligned with internationally accepted standards to improve the PT pain education program.

Methods

A three-phase action research methodology (nominal group technique process) was adapted to identify gaps in pain science within the PT curricula of 30 universities in India. Experts used consensus methods to develop e-learning resources (Online and Instructional Digital Versatile Disks; DVDs) to address the gaps in curricula, following the IASP Curriculum Outline on Pain for Physical Therapy.

Results

A total of 22 h of pain lectures were recorded, and four DVDs were produced and duplicated for distribution. These DVDs were mailed to all universities and 469 individual institutions, with a recommendation for integration into undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. The lecture series was made freely accessible online through the institutional library repository.

Conclusion

We employed an innovative method for content development based on the IASP curriculum, which involved consulting with experts and undergoing external peer review, leading to the development of e-learning resources. This project has initiated a ripple effect by providing evidence-based knowledge to young therapists and teaching faculty, with e-learning resources and materials readily accessible online. The resources created through this project could support ongoing pain management education for academic professionals and practicing PTs. This could facilitate evidence-based clinical practice and improve patient care.
A multivariable model of ultrasound and biochemical parameters for predicting high-volume lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Liu Xiao-hui , Yin Hong-qing , Shen Hong , Wang Xi-Ya , Zhang Zheng , Yuan Xiao-feng , Tang Qi , Shao Jun
Published: January 2025

Objectives

This study aims to develop a nomogram to predict high-volume (> 5) lymph node metastases (HVLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma concomitant with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by combining ultrasound with clinicopathologic data.

Materials and methods

The study reviewed 187 patients diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) concomitant with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis from the First People’s Hospital of Kunshan between March 2018 and December 2022. These patients underwent preoperative ultrasound and postoperative examinations. They were divided into two groups based on the size of their lymph nodes (LNs). A predictive model was developed using LASSO regression and multifactor logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to validate the predictive model.

Results

A total of 187 patients were randomized into 132 participants for training and 55 participants for external validation. Four predictors including tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, histological grade and vascularity, were selected from 13 variables based on LASSO regression analysis. In the training set, the model built from the above four predictor has a satisfactory predictive power, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.914, and validation set with the ROC curve of 0.889, which indicated that the nomogram can be used effectively in clinical settings.

Conclusion

In summary, the nomogram constructed by tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, histological grade and vascularity, is useful for predicting the risk of HVLNMs in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is expected to provide the basis for adequate and accurate management before the primary surgery.
A vision-language model for predicting potential distribution land of soybean double cropping
Authors: Gao Bei , Liu Yuefeng , Li Yanli , Li Hongmei , Li Meirong , He Wenli
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Accurately predicting suitable areas for double-cropped soybeans under changing climatic conditions is critical for ensuring food security anc optimizing land use. Traditional methods, relying on single-modal approaches such as remote sensing imagery or climate data in isolation, often fail to capture the complex interactions among environmental factors, leading to suboptimal predictions. Moreover, these approaches lack the ability to integrate multi-scale data and contextual information, limiting their applicability in diverse and dynamic environments.

Methods

To address these challenges, we propose AgriCLIP, anovel remote sensing vision-language model that integrates remote sensing imagery with textual data, such as climate reports and agricultural practices, to predict potential distribution areas of double-cropped soybeans under climate change. AgriCLIP employs advanced techniques including multi-scale data processing, self-supervised learning, and cross-modality feature fusion enabling comprehensive analysis of factors influencing crop suitability.

Results and discussion

Extensive evaluations on four diverse remote sensing datasets-RSICap RSIEval, MillionAID, and HRSID-demonstrate AgriCLIP’s superior performance over state-of-the-art models. Notably, AgriCLIP achieves a 97.54% accuracy or the RSICap dataset and outperforms competitors across metrics such as recall F1 score, and AUC. Its efficiency is further highlighted by reduced computation a demands compared to baseline methods. AgriCLIP’s ability to seamlessly integrate visual and contextual information not only advances prediction accuracy but also provides interpretable insights for agricultural planning and climate adaptation strategies, offering a robust and scalable solution for addressing the challenges of food security in the context of global climate change.
Mechanistic exploration of Traditional Chinese Medicine regulation on tumor immune microenvironment in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer: based on CiteSpace and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Feng Dandan , Pu Dongqing , Ren Jinlu , Liu Ming , Sun Xiaohui , Zhang Zhen , Li Jingwei
Published: January 2025

Background

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer, characterized by frequent recurrence, metastasis, and poor survival outcomes despite chemotherapy-based treatments. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) modulates the tumor immune microenvironment in TNBC, utilizing CiteSpace and bioinformatics analysis.

Methods

We employed CiteSpace to analyze treatment hotspots and key TCM formulations, followed by bioinformatics analysis to identify the main active components, targets, associated pathways, and their clinical implications in TNBC treatment.

Results

CiteSpace analysis highlighted key TCM formulations, including Sanhuang Decoction. Network pharmacology identified major bioactive components such as Mutatochrome, Physcion diglucoside, Procyanidin B-5,3’-O-gallate, gallic acid-3-O-(6’-O-galloyl)-glucoside, and isomucronulatol-7,2’-di-O-glucosiole, with core targets including Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 (MAPK1), Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), and Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK). These targets were found to be involved in immune regulation, particularly the modulation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Additionally, core targets were associated with improved recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in TNBC patients.

Conclusion

The therapeutic effects of TCM in TNBC primarily involve immune modulation within the tumor microenvironment, particularly through the regulation of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells.
Comparative efficacy and safety of different recommended doses of telitacicept in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Shenglan , Yang Chunlong , Huang Bitang , Yang Lawei , Lu Lu , Yang Huiting , Li Ting , Pan Qingjun
Published: January 2025

Background

Telitacicept, a new biological agent, was approved in China for treating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in 2021. Its optimal dosing for treating SLE remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various telitacicept doses in SLE treatment.

Methods

PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane libraries, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang, and Sinomed were searched for the controlled trials that studied the efficacy and safety of telitacicept on SLE patients from their initiation to April 30, 2024. The analysis included three randomized controlled trials (RCT) with 606 participants. We used fixed-effects models for meta-analyses and the risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety. Heterogeneity was assessed and quantified using I2.

Results

All telitacicept dosages (80 mg, 160 mg, 240 mg) significantly improved SLE Responder Index 4 (SRI4) responses compared to the control group (RR = 2.20, 95%CI:1.50-3.21, p < 0.0001; RR = 2.18, 95%CI: 1.82-2.62, p < 0.00001; RR = 2.44, 95%CI: 1.67-3.56, p < 0.00001, respectively). The 80 mg, 160 mg, and 240 mg groups also showed better improvement on SELENA-SLE Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) scores (RR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.23-2.17, p = 0.0008; RR = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.45-2.04, p < 0.00001; RR = 1.73, 95%CI: 1.30-2.30, p = 0.0002, respectively) and Physician Global Assessment (PGA) scores (RR = 1.25, 95%CI: 1.09-1.44, p = 0.002; RR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.25-1.55, p < 0.00001; RR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.09-1.42, p = 0.002, respectively). Furthermore, 160 mg group exhibited higher British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) score than the control group (RR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01-1.22, p = 0.03). As for security, 160 mg telitacicept group had higher incidence of adverse events (AEs) than the control group (RR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.03-1.18, p = 0.007).

Conclusion

Telitacicept combined with standard therapy presents potential benefits but there are certain safety concerns with certain dosages of telitacicept, warranting further investigation for optimal dosing strategies in SLE management.

Systematic review registration

INPLASY.COM, identifier INPLASY202440101.
Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular targeted therapies for advanced infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center experience
Authors: Wang Zizhuo , Song Songlin , Zhang Lijie , Yang Tingting , Yao Wei , Liang Bin
Published: January 2025

Background

Infiltrative hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a therapeutic challenge due to its aggressive course and poor prognosis. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and molecular targeted therapies (MTTs) has shown early promise for advanced HCC, but its role in advanced infiltrative HCC is unclear. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of HAIC combined with ICIs and MTTs in the treatment of advanced infiltrative HCC.

Methods

Patients with infiltrative HCC initially treated with HAIC plus ICIs and MTTs were consecutively included at our institution from November 2021 to June 2023. The efficacy evaluation included tumor response, time to response (TTR), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS) per RECIST 1.1, and patient survival. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded for safety evaluation.

Results

A total of 27 patients were included and the median follow-up was 15.8 months (range, 4.3–25.9). The best objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 70.4% and 88.9%, respectively. The median TTR was 2.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6–3.0) and the median DOR was 7.9 months (95% CI, 3.2–12.5). The median PFS was 7.5 months (95% CI, 4.2–10.7), and the median overall survival (OS) was 16.8 months (95% CI, 14.0–19.6), with a 1-year OS rate of 74.1%. No cases of grade 4 or 5 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were observed in this study. Grade 3 TRAEs occurred in 17/27 (63.0%) patients, and the predominant grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were lymphocyte count decreased (18.5%) and neutrophil count decreased (14.8%).

Conclusions

The combination of HAIC plus ICIs and MTTs demonstrated encouraging outcomes and manageable safety concerns for infiltrative HCC.
Infant respiratory infections modulate lymphocyte homing to breast milk
Authors: Zheng Yingying , Corrêa-Silva Simone , Rodrigues Regina Maria , Corrêa de Souza Eloisa , Macaferri da Fonseca Fernanda A. , Gilio Alfredo Elias , Carneiro-Sampaio Magda , Palmeira Patricia
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Chemokines and their receptors are essential for leukocyte migration to several tissues, including human milk. Here, we evaluated the homing of T and B lymphocyte subsets to breast milk in response to ongoing respiratory infections in the nursing infant.

Methods

Blood and mature milk were collected from healthy mothers of nurslings with respiratory infections (Group I) and from healthy mothers of healthy nurslings (Group C). Total lymphocyte, T and B cells, their subset numbers, and the expression of the homing receptors CCR5, CCR6, CCR10, and CXCR3 in these cells were evaluated in milk. Maternal serum and milk chemokine, cytokine, and IgA and IgG antibody levels were also quantified.

Results

All milk lymphocyte numbers were greater in Group I than in Group C. All CD4 T-cell subsets expressing CCR5, CCR6, and CXCR3 were higher in Group I. Within the CD8 T-cell subsets, only CCR6 and CXCR3 were higher in Group I, while CCR5 expression was higher in Group I exclusively for activated CD8 T cells. Group I showed greater numbers of all CCR6+ B-cell subsets and CXCR3+ naive B cells and plasma cells than did Group C. Infection of the nurslings promoted increased CCL20, CXCL10, IL-6, IL-8, total IgA, and IgG levels in the milk.

Conclusion

Respiratory infections in nursing infants stimulate an increase in cytokines and chemokines in breast milk, facilitating the recruitment and activation of lymphocytes. This process may promote immunological tolerance and help in the maturation of the infant's immune system, providing an additional strategy for passive maternal-infant protection.
ScRNA-seq unveils the functional characteristics of glioma-associated macrophages and the regulatory effects of chlorogenic acid on the immune microenvironment—a study based on mouse models and clinical practice
Authors: Wang Jiachen , Li Shenglan , Chen Yuxiao , Chen Jinyi , Wang Can , Kang Zhuang , Huang Mengqian , Cai Zehao , Fan Yuxiang , Lan Yanjie , Yu Yumeng , Bai Ruijing , Chen Feng , Jiang Jiandong , Li Wenbin
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Despite advances in surgical techniques and treatment regimens, the therapeutic effects of glioma remain unsatisfactory. Immunotherapy has brought new hope to glioma patients, but its therapeutic outcomes are limited by the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This study aimed to reveal the subpopulations and functional characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and explore the regulatory effects of chlorogenic acid (CHA) on the immune microenvironment, as well as its potential for clinical application.

Methods

In this study, CHA was used in model mice. ScRNA - seq analysis was conducted to elucidate the differentiation trajectories and functional characteristics of bone marrow - derived monomacrophages (BMDMs) and microglia. A PPI and molecular docking model were constructed using the target prediction database. A case of a patient treated with CHA was reviewed.

Results

CHA slowed tumor growth in model mice and extended the survival time of mice. It enhanced the antigen - presenting function of macrophages and T - cell immune activation - related gene expression, activated microglia through the JAK - STAT pathway, and improved the antitumor functions. The good affinity of CHA with STAT1 was confirmed. The patient treated with CHA survived for 5 years and 6 months, achieved partial remission (PR) after 9 months of treatment, and remained alive without any new symptoms or toxic side effects. Our study revealed the subtypes and differentiation trajectories of TAMs. CHA significantly improved the immune microenvironment of glioma by modulating the function of BMDMs and microglia.

Discussion

This study may provide new insights into targeting the regulation of TME and offer theoretical and practical support for the clinical application of CHA. The results demonstrated the potential of CHA in improving the immune microenvironment and antitumor effects, which could have implications for future glioma treatment strategies.
Prognosis prediction of α-FAtE score for locoregional immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Zehao , Guan Renguo , Zhao Rongce , Gan Junyu , Xiong Xinhao , Zou Jing-wen , Li Shaohua , Wang Qiaoxuan , Wei Wei , Mei Jie , Guo Rongping
Published: January 2025

Purpose

The α-FAtE score, composed of alpha-fetoprotein, alkaline phosphatase, and eosinophil levels, has been reported as a predictor of prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of α-FAtE score for the efficacy and safety of locoregional immunotherapy as the treatment of HCC patients.

Methods and patients

We conducted a retrospective study of 446 HCC patients at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1st 2019 to January 1st 2023. The predictive performance was evaluated by the concordance index, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve, the Kaplan-Meier curve and multiple Cox regression analysis.

Results

446 patients were divided into the α-FAtE 0-1 group (n=211) and α-FAtE 2-3 group (n=235). The median progression-free survival(PFS) of the α-FAtE 0-1 group and 2-3 group was 7.3 months (95%CI 6.6-8.7 months), and 12.3 months (95% CI 10.4–14.1 months; P<0.001), respectively. The median overall survival (OS) of the α-FAtE 0-1 group and 2-3 group was 16.3 months (95%CI 13.7-21.5 months) and 34.1 months (95% CI 27.6–NA months; P<0.001), respectively. HCC patients in the α-FAtE 2-3 group had higher complete response (CR) rate and experienced less drug-related adverse events than those in the α-FAtE 0-1 group. Moreover, a lower α-FAtE score was identified as an independent prognostic indicator for both OS and PFS of advanced HCC patients receiving locoregional immunotherapy.

Conclusion

The α-FAtE score is a superior predictor of prognosis in HCC patients receiving locoregional immunotherapy, offering a valuable tool for patient stratification and treatment planning.
Community characteristics and relationship between gut microbiota and intratumoral microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lin Huangpeng , Ma Zexian , Li Jin , Zhu Heping , Huang Xuefeng , Chen Huimin , Tu Liang , Lian Yifan , Su Yongjie
Published: January 2025

Background

The combination of local therapy with lenvatinib and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors represents an emerging treatment paradigm for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Our study sought to investigate the interrelationship between gut microbiota and intratumoral microbiota in the context of triple therapy, with a view to identifying potential biological markers.

Methods

The gut microbial community profiles of patients with primary untreated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and those treated with local therapy combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Additionally, microbial community profiles of tumor tissues of patients with HCC and normal liver tissues were analyzed.

Results

In our investigation, we observed that patients with HCC who received triple therapy exhibited a notable enhancement in the abundance of Actinobacteriota and a considerable decrease in Escherichia Shigella. Patients who received hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in combination with levatinib and PD-1 inhibitors exhibited significantly elevated levels of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroides stercoris in comparison to those who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in combination with levatinib and PD-1 inhibitors. Furthermore, a notable decline in microbial diversity was observed within HCC tumors in comparison to normal liver tissues. The gut and intratumoral microbiota in HCC patients exhibited a high degree of similarity to the microbes present at the phylum level.

Conclusions

Gut microbiota is connected to triple therapy with local therapy combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors for HCC. These discoveries underscore the potential of utilizing gut microbiota and intratumoral microbiota as biomarkers, as well as the possibility of triple therapy in the management of HCC.
A case of pulmonary ALK-positive histiocytosis combined with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome carrying an EML4::ALK gene fusion: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Shuzhe , Bai Zhongyuan , Zhao Qi , Wang Yajing , Xi Yanfeng
Published: January 2025

In this article, we report the first case of a 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with both nodules and cystic lesions in her lungs. The lung nodules were diagnosed as ALK-positive histiocytosis (APH) carrying an EML4::ALK gene fusion, which microscopically displayed a mixed morphology of foamy cells, spindle cells, and Touton’s giant cells. Immunohistochemistry showed expression of CD163, CD68, and ALK, while fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with second-generation sequencing (NGS) showed the ALK gene fusion with the FLCN gene variant. The patient also had bilateral multiple cystic lesions in the lungs, which were morphologically consistent with pulmonary bullae. The FLCN gene variant, in combination with the results of NGS, led to the diagnosis of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD). APH and BHD are very rare, and it is easy to misdiagnose or miss the diagnosis altogether if one is not familiar with the associated histology and immunohistochemistry. It is essential for pathologists to recognize the presence of these two diseases and understand the associated histomorphologic, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic features to enable an accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Phylogeography of Labyrinthula species and strains shows high connectivity and low genetic variation across seagrass hosts and geographic locations in North America
Authors: Pagenkopp Lohan Katrina M. , DiMaria Ruth , Martin Daniel L. , Hughes A. Randall , Peterson Bradley J. , Boyer Katharyn E. , Stachowicz John J. , Jorgensen Pablo , Ruiz Gregory M. , Ross Cliff
Published: January 2025

Seagrass wasting disease, caused by parasitic slime nets in the genus Labyrinthula, affects seagrasses globally with outbreaks occurring at local to regional scales. Though prior research showed variation in pathogenicity across strains, little is known about the broad-scale diversity and biogeography of Labyrinthula species. We used targeted amplicon-based high throughput sequencing (HTS) to examine the phylogeography of Labyrinthula species associated with two seagrass hosts (Zostera marina, Thalassia testudinum) collected from across North America, including locations in the USA and Mexico. After testing 189 seagrass blades from 16 locations across North America, Labyrinthula spp. were detected at 14 sites with PCR prevalence ranging from 20 - 100%. We generated 10,936,628 sequences for analyses, which yielded 25 unique Labyrinthula amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), which were phylogenetically grouped into three species of Labyrinthula. All three species detected were previously identified as pathogenic, indicating that Labyrinthula species capable of causing wasting disease are present across these regions, including in locations where disease outbreaks have not been reported. The highest strain level variation was detected in Florida, which is likely due to larger sample sizes from Florida compared to other sampling locations. Assessing the phylogeography of strains was limited by sample size in each location, but indicates that the genetic connectivity of strains appears high, with location and seagrass host being the most important factors explaining the variation in Labyrinthula strains detected. The high connectivity, but low overall species diversity of Labyrinthula, is consistent with a parasite that is a host generalist. Given the high connectivity of strains and broad geographic range of pathogenic Labyrinthula reported here, this study provides valuable insight regarding how parasite diversity impacts seagrass disease.