bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Campus universitario y su compromiso urbano
Authors: Roca Blanch Estanislao
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo presenta una reflexión sobre campus universitarios

y su relación con la ciudad a través de tópicos e invariantes de modelos

de asentamiento y casos paradigmáticos, donde se establecen distintas

situaciones y maneras de relación urbana, desde los modelos europeos

iniciales, de localización más nítidamente urbana, a modelos

anglosajones con localizaciones periurbanas.

Continúa con un resumen de la experiencia profesional y académica

en el Campus de la Diagonal de Barcelona, donde el autor redactó un

plan urbanístico con el objetivo de vitalizar el campus e integrarlo a la

ciudad a través de estrategias de conjunción con el tejido circundante,

incorporando usos complementarios a los universitarios. Este campus

está formado por la Universidad de Barcelona y la Universidad

Politécnica de Cataluña que se presentaron conjuntamente bajo la

identificación de “Barcelona Knowledge Campus. BKC” en la

convocatoria de Campus de Excelencia Internacional abierta por los

Ministerios de Educación y Ciencia e Innovación de España y

obtuvieron la prestigiosa distinción en noviembre de 2009.

Se exponen los aspectos más relevantes de las propuestas

urbanísticas y arquitectónicas del BKC que constituye un ¨cluster” de

formación de primer orden y referencia, y cuenta con la mayor

concentración de conocimiento del Sur de Europa y con novedosos

proyectos docentes y de innovación.

This article presents a reflection on university campus and its

relationship with the city, through topics and invariants of

settlement patterns and paradigmatic cases. Campus set different

situations and ways of urban relationship, from urban location of

early european models, to suburban locations of anglo-saxon

models.

The article continues with a summary of professional and

academic experience of Campus Diagonal in Barcelona, where

the author drafted a development plan. The objective of this plan

is: to revitalize the campus and to link the city through

integration strategies with the surrounding tissue, incorporating

complementary uses to the students. This campus belongs to the

University of Barcelona (UB) and the Polytechnic University of

Catalonia (UPC), which were presented together under the

identification of "Knowledge Campus Barcelona. BKC". It was

also presented at the Campus of Excellence, opened by the

Ministries of Education and Science and Innovation in Spain,

earning a prestigious distinction in November 2009.

The article presents the most relevant aspects of urban and

architectural proposals of BKC, which is a ¨ cluster” of first-class

training and reference. It also has the highest concentration of

knowledge in southern Europe, and novel and innovative

teaching projects.
Políticas de espacio público en ciudades europeas
Authors: Martí Casanovas Miquel
Published: July 2020

Este artículo es el resultado una investigación comparada sobre

políticas de espacio público en nueve ciudades europeas (Barcelona,

Sevilla, Lyon, París, Ámsterdam, La Haya, Róterdam, Berlín y Roma)

durante las última décadas. La investigación ofrece una visión de

conjunto sobre las actuaciones de renovación del espacio público en

cada una de estas ciudades y se pregunta hasta qué punto las políticas

llevadas a cabo han dado lugar al nacimiento de una cultura del espacio

público. La organización de los diferentes actores que intervienen en la

mejora del espacio público aparece cómo un factor clave para la

consolidación, difusión y actualización de estas culturas. Seguidamente,

el artículo analiza el papel que distintos instrumentos urbanísticos

(proyectos de urbanización, proyectos urbanos, planes y estrategias)

han jugado en las políticas de espacio público desplegadas. Finalmente,

se pone de manifiesto cómo las políticas y culturas de espacio público

estudiadas han reforzado la lógica urbana del proyecto de espacio

público, con las implicaciones que ello tiene a la hora de crear lugares

cívicos, que hagan posible experimentar la existencia de un marco de

convivencia colectiva. El liderazgo de las administraciones locales y la

rica herencia urbana en las ciudades europeas explican que las distintas

experiencias consideradas, cada una desde un proceso autónomo,

hayan dado lugar a la emergencia de culturas urbanas y cívicas del

espacio público.

This paper is the result of a comparative research on public space

policies in nine European cities (Barcelona, Seville, Lyon, Paris,

Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam, Berlin and Rome) during

the last decades. The research proposes a general overview on the

public space renewal processes in each city and it wonders if the

policies carried on have led to the emergence of public space

cultures. The organisation of the different agents participating in

the public space improvements appear as a key factor for the

consolidation, spreading and updating of such cultures. Then,

the paper analyses the role that different urban devices (public

space designs, urban projects, plans and general strategies) have

played in the public spaces policies deployed. Finally, the

research shows how the public space policies and cultures

studied enhanced an urban approach to public space design.

Such an approach enables civic places, where it is possible the

experience of the collective social framework. The leadership of

local administrations and the rich urban heritage in European

cities explain that the different processes, autonomous in each

city, have all of them converged towards the emergence of urban

and civic cultures for public space.
Interaccions vs transicions metropolitanas
Authors: Sanz Palau Helena , Galindo González Julián
Published: July 2020

És en els espais de vora urbana on es posa de manifest el potencial per a l’avaluació

del territori-ciutat. La vora urbana ja no és un espai perifèric sinó un espai estratègic,

ple d’oportunitats per construir ciutat contemporània. Un espai caracteritzat

per la interacció i no pels espais de transició i protecció. Fent un pas endavant, es

reconeix la vora urbana com a espai de diversitat on, la diferència, la discontinuïtat

i la infinitat de relacions que estableixen els factors urbans i no urbans determinen

la interacció estructural per l’habitabilitat metropolitana.

Si ara és el temps de la interacció estructural per el territori-ciutat, s’evoca a l’evolució

dels nostres territoris cap a un desenvolupament sostenible que es basa en trobar

un equilibri dinàmic territorial, obert i capaç de saber transformar-se i evolucionar,

de la mà de la història i dels antecedents patrimonials.

Reconèixer la varietat de trobades territorials, treballats a diferents escales, categoritzant

els encontres entre territoris amb diferent tipus d’antropització , significa

avançar cap a una optimització dels ecosistemes urbans i ambientals Per això, és

important diferenciar les formes d’optimització i manteniment de les economies de

proximitat associades a aquests espais.

The city-region potential emerges in the boundary spaces. These areas are seen currently

as strategic spaces, in contrast of old-fashioned idea of peripheral spaces. We consider

them as optimum places full of opportunities to build modern metropolitan cites. The

main features arise from interaction, otherwise than transition or blocked spaces. The

challenge is the to turn this space into diversity and permeability, into urban discontinuities

that highlight the differences and recognize the interactions of the top metropolitan

livability.

The structural interaction in cities-regions evokes an evolution of our territories towards

sustainability based on a dynamic territorial equilibrium, able to be transformed by

culture and heritage factors.

Identifying the variety of urban and non-urban contact spaces (treated at different project

scales) and sorting the contact city spaces means doing a step forward to the optimization

of urban and environmental ecosystems. It is also crucial to separate different

ways of living and also encourage the maintenance of proximity economies.
La trufa urbana: el subsòl com a indicador
Authors: Vinyes Ballbé Rosina
Published: July 2020

La forma que desvetlla la ciutat en representar la seva part oculta soterrada no és

massa coneguda i, en contrapartida, permet conèixer aspectes que mostren una

realitat complementària que ajuda a entendre la complexitat creixent de la ciutat

contemporània. Prenent com a cas d’estudi la ciutat de Barcelona en l’actualitat,

s’expliquen alguns aspectes destacats que sorgeixen de l’anàlisi objectiu de l’estat

d’ocupació del subsòl pel què fa a forma, intensitat, agrupacions...en certs àmbits

de la ciutat.

The graphic representation of the form of the underground elements in the city is not

widely known. However, their relation and interaction allows us to explore a complementary

urban reality which helps us to better understand the increasing complexity

of contemporary cities. Taking the city of Barcelona as a study case, an objective analysis

of the spaces underground helps explain some distinct aspects and characteristics

that have developed in relation to the shape, intensity and grouping of underground

elements in certain areas of the city.
El papel de la memoria en la recomposición de ciudades devastadas
Authors: Itriago Pels Carlos
Published: July 2020

Aún siendo objetos frágiles, las ciudades tienen una capacidad intrínseca para

recomponerse en caso de desastres y destrucción no programada. Este artículo

incursiona en los procesos de recomposición formal de las ciudades

sometidas a eventos de destrucción violenta, y en el papel de la memoria y

el olvido como herramientas creativas para afrontar los proyectos de reconstrucción.

En el artículo se analizan las distintas aproximaciones proyectuales desde esta

óptica, basadas en el estudio de una serie de casos de ciudades destruidas

por causas de guerra y cuyos procesos de recomposición ya se han dado por

culminados. Finalmente, el artículo ofrece una clasificación de estrategias

que definen un universo de actuaciones y de posibilidades relacionadas con

la copia, la transformación y la omisión de elementos de la ciudad previa en

la nueva ciudad recompuesta.

CITIES.

Cities are fragile objects, however, they have an intrinsic ability to recompose after

disaster and unscheduled destruction. This article analyzes the processes of formal

re-composition of cities under violent destruction events, and the role of memory

and forgetfulness as creative tools facing with reconstruction projects.

The author discusses the various approaches seen from this perspective, based on

cases of study of war-torn cities that already have closed their reconstruction processes. Finally, the article offers a classification of strategies that define a universe

of actions and possibilities associated with copying, transforming and omission of

elements present on the previous state of the city
Diversidad como estrategia de proyecto en la transformación urbana
Authors: de Aragão C. Martins Anamaria
Published: July 2020

El proceso de deslocalización de la segunda mitad del siglo xx y la reflexión

acerca de la utilización de nuevos mecanismos de planeamiento, proyecto

y gestión urbana en la ciudad consolidada crearon la oportunidad de intervenciones

de larga escala en las periferias industriales históricas. El proyecto

de transformación urbana responde a las especificidades de este territorio

entrecortado por obstáculos de diferente naturaleza y contaminado por

variadas preexistencias de su pasado industrial, creando nuevas actividades

y nuevas oportunidades para barrios periféricos. Basado en la tesis de

doctorado desarrollada sobre diferentes intervenciones urbanas, el presente

artículo estudia las estrategias de diversidad utilizadas en los proyectos de

transformación urbana en la definición de los trazados y en la composición

de los volúmenes edificados para evaluar el encaje del nuevo fragmento urbano

en su contexto.

The process of industry relocation of the second half of the twentieth century

and the reflection on the use of new mechanisms for planning, design and urban management in the consolidated city, created an opportunity to large scale

interventions in the historical industrial peripheries. The urban transformation

project responds to the specificity of this territory, interrupted by obstacles of different kinds and pre-existing conditions by its industrial past, and creating new

activities gives new opportunities for suburbs. The present article examines the

different strategies used, defining paths and the composition of the built volumes

in urban transformation projects to evaluate the fit the new urban fragment in

their context
Els edificis residencials a l’Eixample de Barcelona: tipus edificatori, desenvolupament residencial i habitatges tipus a l’Eixample
Authors: Castiñeira Palou Isabel , Peremiquel Lluch Francisco
Published: July 2020

Sobre un patró homogeni d’illes i carrers es desenvolupa una gran varietat tipològica

i arquitectònica que respon als requeriments tipològics de l’habitatge,

però que està fortament condicionat per les característiques del suport: mides

i geometria de les illes, amples dels carrers, disposició de l’edificació i forma del

parcel·lari.

La capacitat d’adequació al pas del temps, a l’evolució dels requeriments socials,

als avenços tecnològics i del mercat immobiliari fan de la part edificada de

l’Eixample un conjunt paradigmàtic de les relacions habitatge-edifici-illa.

Les relacions mètriques i geomètriques tan en planta com de desenvolupament

vertical formen un conjunt de bones mides que caracteritzen el conjunt urbà de

l’Eixample.

On a homogeneous pattern of blocks and streets, it is developed a wide variety of

typologies and architecture to meets the requirements of housing, but is strongly influenced by the characteristics of the site: measurements and geometries of the block, street

width, construction layout and plot shapes.

The ability to adapt to social needs, technological advances and to real estate market

over the time makes the built part of the Eixample a paradigm of relationships between home-building-block.

Metric and geometric relationships, in both plan and vertical development, create a

good set of measurements that characterize the urban area of the Eixample.

Building types, Barcelona’s Extension, residential buildings in the extension.
Sembrando ciudades: la fundación de ciudades en la provincia de Buenos Aires (1810-1916)
Authors: Pesoa Marcilla Melisa
Published: July 2020

A partir de la declaración de la Independencia en Argentina (1810-16), el

Estado debe enfrentarse a la problemática de un territorio vasto, desocupado

y poco productivo, cuyos recursos necesita movilizar para poder llevar a cabo

las reformas necesarias para construir una economía propia. Para ello se propone

la colonización del territorio de la Provincia de Buenos Aires mediante

la fundación de centros de población, lo que se lleva a cabo desde mediados

del siglo XIX hasta principios del XX.

La fundación sistemática de más de cien ciudades en un periodo de tiempo

tan acotado en una región central del país nos muestra un caso singular de

colonización que, puesto en contexto con las ideas y el cuerpo técnico que

posibilitaron su realización, nos permite hablar del nacimiento de un modelo

de ciudad auténticamente pampeana.

Since the Argentinian Independence (1810-16), the central government has to

face the problem of a vast, unoccupied and unproductive territory, essential to

start producing resources to generate incomes and carry out the reforms needed to

build its own economy. To face this situation, a huge colonization project of the

Province of Buenos Aires is proposed including the establishment of new cities.

This urbanization takes place from the mid-19th century to the beginning of the

20th century.

The systematic foundation of over a hundred cities in such a limited period of

time in the central region of the country shows a singular case of colonization,

which together with the ideas and the technical staff that made possible its realization, allows us to speak of the birth of a model of genuinely Pampa city
Allí donde el mar acaba
Authors: Pié Ninot Ricard , Vilanova Claret Josep Maria , Díaz Ameneiro Purificación
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se aborda el debate sobre la ordenación del litoral español. Los problemas y soluciones que se plantean en la ordenación de la costa ante la degradación producida por la ocupación urbana, industrial y turística de la misma. Para llevarlo a cabo se toma como referencia el debate que se ha producido entorno a este tema desde la ingeniería y el urbanismo en los últimos treinta años. Las Directrices de Ordenación del Litoral Canario se ponen como ejemplo de cómo se puede dar respuesta al problema de la ordenación del litoral desde el urbanismo y el medioambiente. El artículo se cierra con una re exión sobre la necesidad de implicar a la sociedad en el debate sobre la ordenación de la costa para preservar sus valores.

This article touches on the debate about the organization of the Spanish coast, the problems and solutions that arise in its management, responding to the degradation caused by urban, industrial and touristic occupancy. To discuss this, the debate that has occurred around this issue from the engineering and urban planning policies of the last thirty years has been analysed. e Canary Coastline Planning Guidelines are an example of how one can give an answer to the problem of coastal management from the planning and environmental perspective. e article closes with a re ection of the need to involve society in the debate about coastal management in order to preserve its values.
Il paesaggio del camping nella storia: dall’impatto zero alla colonizzazione intensiva
Authors: Lucivero Marilena
Published: July 2020

Il campeggio è una tipologia ricettiva all’aria aperta che risponde all’esigenza di un rapporto di simbiosi tra il turista e la natura. Nasce come pratica spontanea priva di impatto sul paesaggio ma, con l’avvento del turismo di massa, si struttura in maniera più invasiva no a colonizzare grandi aree in maniera intensiva e irreversibile. L’articolo ricostruisce le tappe evolutive del campeggio come infrastruttura turistica dalla sua nascita (inizi XX secolo) ad oggi.

Camping is an open air type of accommodation that satisfies the requirement of a

symbiotic relationship between the tourist and nature. Born as a spontaneous practice

without impact on the landscape, it becomes more invasive with the advent of mass

tourism, colonizing large areas in an intensive and irreversible way. The paper

reconstructs the evolutionary phases of the campsite as a tourist infrastructure since its

inception (early twentieth century) to the present
Tendance et répartition des limicoles nicheurs du Marais poitevin. Bilan des deux enquêtes 2005-2006 et 2015-2016
Authors: MONEUSE Steve , GUÉRET Jean-Pierre , SUDRAUD Julien , TURPAUD-FIZZALA Victor , ROBIN Frédéric
Published: July 2020

Le Marais poitevin est l’une des plus grandes zones humides de France après la Camargue. Connu à l’échelle internationale pour l’accueil des oiseaux d’eau en migration et en hivernage, le Marais poitevin est aussi un site clé à l’échelle nationale pour la reproduction des limicoles. Depuis les années cinquante, le paysage du Marais poitevin a fortement évolué, plus de 47 % de la surface de prairies a été transformée en cultures céréalières. Cette étude fait le bilan des deux dernières enquêtes décennales sur la reproduction de huit limicoles du Marais poitevin 2005-2006 et 2015-2016. En dix ans, les effectifs nicheurs sont à la baisse pour le Vanneau huppé Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758) (–9 %), le Chevalier gambette Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758) (–30 %) et la Barge à queue noire Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758) (–45 %). La création de plans d’eau associée aux réfections des digues suite à la tempête Xynthia (2010) a consolidé et favorisé les populations d’Avocette élégante Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus, 1758 (+89 %) et dans une moindre mesure celles d’Échasse blanche Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758) (+10 %). L’analyse de l’influence des mesures agro-environnementales sur le territoire semble signaler une faible efficacité relative du premier et deuxième niveau pour l’accueil de la nidification d’une partie des espèces de limicoles nicheurs contrairement aux niveaux les plus contraignants, les plus environnementaux, incluant notamment le paramètre « maintien des niveaux d’eau au printemps ». Il est urgent pour l’avenir des limicoles reproducteurs du Marais poitevin que des mesures fortes soient instaurées par la mise en place d’une politique agricole « zone humide » volontaire, visant à maintenir et augmenter fortement les surfaces de prairies avec des niveaux d’eaux plus élevés au printemps.
Dissolved nutrient fluxes in macrotidal estuary in the Amazonian region, Brazil
Authors: SANTOS Thays Thayanne Luz , SEREJO Jefferson Horley Feitosa , LIMA Hugo Pereira , ESCHRIQUE Samara Aranha
Published: July 2020

This paper aimed to characterize the transport of dissolved nutrients through São Marcos Bay, in Brazilian Amazonian region, and to understand if it acts as a sink or a source of dissolved nutrients for the adjacent marine system of the region. Water sample collections were distributed in two profiles (P1 and P2) in different seasons: dry and rainy. River discharge, temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity were measured in situ. Dissolved nutrients in the water, such as the nitrite, phosphate and silicate were determined with colorimetric method. During the dry season, when occured the flood tide in the estuary, salinity and pH increased and the other parameters decreased, because of the processes occurring in water are commonly connected by acid-base reactions and oxidation-reduction in the environment. During the rainy season the inverse process occurred, due to rainfall intensity in the region. All the nutrient fluxes had same variability in P1, both spatial and temporal, obtaining the highest values during the rainy season. Whereas P2 showed different variations of the fluxes, indicating that most nutrients that entered the estuarine were retained between profiles, suggesting that the São Marcos Bay acts predominately as a nutrient sink from the draining basin.Keywords: nitrite, phosphate, silicate, water, São Marcos Bay.
New records of the mollusk Firoloida desmarestia Lesueur, 1817 (Gastropoda: Pterotracheidae) off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Northeastern Brazilian continental slope, Tropical Atlantic
Authors: FIGUEIREDO Gabriela Guerra Araújo Abrantes de , SCHWAMBORN Ralf , BERTRAND Arnaud , LIRA Simone Maria Albuquerque
Published: July 2020

Biogeographic and taxonomic knowledge on planktonic mollusks, specifically on Pterotracheoidea (also known as heteropods or sea elephants) in tropical oceans, is still incomplete. In this paper we report the first record of the heteropod Firoloida desmarestia Lesueur (1817) on waters off the Northeast Brazilian continental slope and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and extend its geographic distribution in the tropical Atlantic. We provide new detailed digital image and descriptions of this highly fragile and transparent gelatinous species. Samples were taken in the context of the ‘ABRACOS’ (Acoustic along the Brazilian Coast) project using bongo nets. Out of 96 samples analyzed, six specimens were recorded in five samples, three at Fernando de Noronha, and three off the Northeast Brazilian coast. The present study extends the range of distribution of F. desmarestia to 3°S-9°Sin the western the Tropical Atlantic and highlights the importance of detailed studies on large-sized gelatinous plankton biodiversity in tropical oceans. Keywords: Tropical oceanic islands, Continental slope, zooplankton, heteropods, Pterotracheidae.
Assessment of hematologic indices and their correlation to hemoglobin A1c among Bosnian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their healthy peers
Authors: Tihić-Kapidžić Suzana , Čaušević Adlija , Fočo-Solak Jasmina , Malenica Maja , Dujić Tanja , Hasanbegović Sniježana , Babić Nermina , Begović Ermin
Published: July 2020

Background: Altered levels of many hematological parameters have been directly associated with diabetes in adults, while studies on children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine hematological indices in diabetic Bosnian children in comparison to healthy controls as well as to correlate their levels to blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c. Methods: 100 healthy and 100 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (age 1-18) were included in this study. Complete blood count, hemoglobin A1c, and glucose were tested. Results were analysed by IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. Results: Significant differences (p<0.05) between healthy and diabetic children were found in relation to HbA1c, glucose, mean platelet volume, the number of white blood cells and erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin and MCH values. No gender differences or significant age differences were seen for hemoglobin, hematocrit, and MCV, while platelets, MPV, and MCH differed by age only in healthy children. When diabetic children were classified according to HbA1c levels, significant differences were seen for erythrocyte count and hematocrit value (p=0.013 and 0.019, respectively). The number of erythrocytes and white blood cells correlated significantly with HbA1c (p=0.037 and 0.027, respectively). Conclusions: Lower levels of erythrocytes, hematocrit, and hemoglobin in diabetic compared to healthy children indicate possible development of anemia, while higher MCV, MCH, and MPV values indicate an alteration in erythrocyte morphology. Hematological indices could be a useful inexpensive tool in the diagnosis and follow up of type 1 diabetes in children.
Effects of Zinc supplementation on serum copper to Zinc and CRP to albumin ratios in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Hajji Marwa , Khedher Rania , Mrad Mehdi , Bassem Hammami , Rafrafi Nawel , Chouchi Salma , Feki Moncef , Bahlous Afef , Zouaghi Karim , Fellah Hayet
Published: July 2020

Background: Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a common condition and could contribute to poor outcomes in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Zn supplementation on serum copper (Cu) to Zn and C-reactive protein (CRP) to albumin ratios (CAR) in HD patients. Methods: Seventy-seven HD patients were enrolled in a multicentre simple-blind randomized clinical trial. Only 37 HD patients completed the study; they were randomly divided into two groups and supplemented with zinc sulphate (n=17) or placebo (n=20) for two months. Serum Zn and Cu were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum albumin and hypersensitive-CRP were assessed by colorimetric and immunoturbidimetric method, respectively. Determinations were performed before and after supplementation. Results: After two months of supplementation, serum Zn significantly increased, and Cu to Zn ratio decreased in Zn supplemented group, but remained unchanged in the placebo group. In parallel, serum albumin concentrations significantly increased, and CAR decreased in Zn supplemented group only. Conclusions: Zn supplementation reduces Cu to Zn and CRP to albumin ratios in HD patients. These changes point towards an improvement in nutritional, oxidative and inflammatory status. The study findings suggest that correcting Zn deficiency reduces poor outcomes in HD patients.
La reforma de la Constitución
Authors: Pérez-Royo Javier
Published: July 2020

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Crónica parlamentaria: II Legislatura
Authors: García-Atance María Victora
Published: July 2020

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Extracto de los documentos políticos aprobados por el XI Congreso del Partido Comunista de España
Authors: Castillo Vera Pilar del
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones legislativa en Grecia
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones legislativas en Francia
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones presidenciales en Portugal
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Resultados de las elecciones legislativas en España, 1986
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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La sentencia constitucional como fuente del derecho
Authors: Pibernat Domenech Xavier
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones y ciclos electorales en España
Authors: Montero Jose R
Published: July 2020

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Crisis en Euskadi en los procesos electorales de 1986
Authors: Llera Ramo Francisco José
Published: July 2020

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Materiales para el estudio de las Elecciones Generales de 1986 en Baleares
Authors: Oliver Araujo Joan
Published: July 2020

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Crónica Parlamentaria de la elaboración de los artículos 68 y 69 de la Constitución Española de 1978
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Crónica Parlamentaria de la Ley Orgánica de Régimen Electoral General y de la Ley Orgánica de modificación de la Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General, para la regulación de las Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo
Authors: García-Atance María Victoria
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones Legislativas en Portugal
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones Legislativas en Italia
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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La representación como posibilidad en el Estado de partido (mandato libre vs. mandato de partido)
Authors: Chueca Rodríguez Ricardo L.
Published: July 2020

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Soberanía popular y democracia en la Constitución Española de 1978
Authors: Balaguer Callejón Francisco
Published: July 2020

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Comunidades Autónomas, Comunidades Europeas y Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Soriano José Eugenio
Published: July 2020

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Contenido y dinámida de la estructura gubernamental en España
Authors: Bar Cendón Antonio
Published: July 2020

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Los estados de alarma, excepción y sitio (I)
Authors: Lafuente Balle José María
Published: July 2020

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La garantía de la función de control
Authors: Tenorio Sánchez Pedro J.
Published: July 2020

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El Consejo Nacional de la Economía y del Trabajo de Italia
Authors: Siclari Massimo
Published: July 2020

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18º Congreso Nacional del Partido Comunista Italiano
Authors: Tenorio Sánchez Pedro J.
Published: July 2020

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RESEÑA de : El Poder Judicial
Authors: Ibáñez López-Pozas Fernando L.
Published: July 2020

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Reflexiones sobre la transición española a la democracia
Authors: Ramírez Muñoz Manuel
Published: July 2020

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La financiación de los partidos políticos ante la opinión pública
Authors: Castillo Vera Pilar del
Published: July 2020

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Perfil ambivalente de la fórmula de reforma constitucional en la dialéctica permanencia-cambio
Authors: García-Atance María Victoria
Published: July 2020

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IX Congreso Nacional del Partido Popular
Authors: García-Atance María Victora
Published: July 2020

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Bibliografía sobre la reforma en la Constitución Española de 1978
Authors: García-Atance María Victoria
Published: July 2020

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El ordenamiento jurídico europeo y el sistema de fuentes español.
Authors: Ruiz Robledo Agustín
Published: July 2020

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Crónica parlamentaria del Congreso de los Diputados.
Authors: Mellado Prado Pilar
Published: July 2020

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El papel de la ONU en Nicaragua, un posible ejemplo para el futuro.
Authors: Aguiar de Luque Luis
Published: July 2020

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El sistema político venezolano.
Authors: Tovar Orlando
Published: July 2020

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Elecciones presidenciales en Brasil en 1989.
Authors: Sabsay Daniel Alberto
Published: July 2020

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Assessment of relative risk for sexual and violent recidivism with Risk Matrix 2000
Authors: Thornton David , Eberhaut Sabrina , Ambroziak Gina , Eher Reinhard
Published: July 2020

Risk Matrix 2000’s ability to assess relative risk for sexual and violent recidivism has been well established through meta-analysis. However, the instrument was originally designed for use in the United Kingdom and has not been widely tested in other parts of Europe, raising questions about how generalizable the results are. This paper assessed the instrument’s ability to assess relative risk for these outcomes in a sample of over 300 Austrian adult males serving a prison sentence for a sexual offense for whom 5-year rates of sexual and violent recidivism were available. Results indicated an ability to assess relative risk that was comparable to that observed in the United Kingdom. In the context of previous results from Germany, the findings of the present study indicate that Risk Matrix 2000 may be appropriately applied in Europe. Analyses explored the added value of using the Sexual and Violence risk scales in conjunction to identify the kinds of criminogenic need that should be addressed in treatment and supervision.
METHODOLOGY FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT ON LARGE SCALE PROJECTS
Authors: LARUMBE JAIME , GARCIA BARRUETABEÑA JON , LOPEZ DE IPIÑA GONZALEZ DE ARTAZA DIEGO
Published: July 2020

Configuration Management (CM) is the scientific discipline that ensures that all the parts that a company has, regardless of their nature: HW, SW, FW..., are known and controlled throughout their life cycle: any modifications to these parts are known and traced
How Young Adults Can Manage Loss of Income During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Logan Deirdre ,   TransitionsACR
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused many people to lose income because of pay cuts, lay-offs, or furloughs. This loss of income can be very scary and may be the first time you’ve been on your own and out of work. It can be overwhelming to figure out how to pay your different bills (e.g., school loans, credit cards, rent, food, etc.). In order to make ends meet, you may need to use any emergency savings you’ve built, apply for unemployment benefits, or use your stimulus payment. This tip sheet provides some ideas and resources on how to manage if you’ve lost your job or are getting less pay due to the current health crisis.
The impact of Russian-speaking community of the state of Israel upon Israel-Russia relations
Authors: Moshkova Tatiana
Published: July 2020

This article is dedicated to examination of a large and rapidly developing community of the State of Israel – the “Russian Street”, and its influence upon Israel-Russia relations. The author considers such aspects of the topic as: the differences between “Great Aliyah” of the 1990s and the first wave of repatriation of the 1970s; factors that formed the unique “Russian-Jewish” identity among the “Russian street” representatives; political and economic potential of the “Russian Israel”, key areas of cooperation of two countries, and the role of the “Russian” community thereof. In the course of this research, the author applies the means and procedures of formal logic, specific-sociological approach, and interpretation tools of various sources. The main conclusion lies in the following thesis: if in political regard the community does not produce a decisive influence upon the actions of Israeli authorities, then in economic aspect, it unequivocally contributes to strengthening of economic ties between Israel and Russia. Russia’s initiatives on the development of different forms of economic, cultural and media cooperation can stimulate the expansion of influence of the Russian-speaking community.
The concept of “American exceptionalism” in U. S. foreign policy on the example of the doctrine of George W. Bush
Authors: Pokudov Zakhar Vasil'evich , Tumanin Viktor Evgen'evich
Published: July 2020

The subject and key goal of this research consist in analysis of the impact of “American exceptionalism” concept upon U. S. foreign policy at the initial state of George W. Bush presidency. It is demonstrated how the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism”, being an intrinsic part of messianic idea of the United States, found its reelection in the foreign policy course of George W. Bush, particularly in the doctrine that virtually outlined the contours for the “global war against terrorism” and subsequent military operation in Iraq in 2003. In order to achieve the indicated goal, the author sets two tasks: deconstruction of the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism”, and demonstration of how these components were integrated into the Bush’s doctrine. Foreign sources and historiography allowed demonstrating the evolution of the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism” and its conceptual grounds. For tracing the patterns of the impact of this phenomenon upon the U. S. foreign policy course, the author applied historical-genetic method. The use of specific-historical analysis illustrated the influence of the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism” upon the U. S. foreign policy course overall, and the doctrine of George W. Bush in particular. The conclusion is made that the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism” gradually shifted from the field of U. S. domestic policy towards foreign policy; and the September 11 events prompted final consolidation of “American exceptionalism” in the U. S. foreign policy. The novelty of this work is defined by the fact that impact of the phenomenon of “American exceptionalism” upon establishment of the doctrine of George W. Bush is analyzed in detail for the first time.
Integrated Approach of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Management on Nutrient Composition and Uptake of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) in Udic Rhodustalf Soil
Authors: Tarafder Subrata , Rahman Md. Arifur , Hossain Md. Ashraf , Chowdhury Md. Akhter Hossain
Published: July 2020

Background: Pulses are important food crops that can play a major role in achieving food security, nutrition, and human health, contributing to the sustainability of agriculture and aiding the mitigation and adaptation to climate change. The nutrient uptake is directly or indirectly affected by many factors like total concentration as well as available quantity of different nutrients, root development, aeration, water potential, climatic conditions and other related soil parameters.

Aims: A field experiment was carried out to find out the effects of different manures along with inorganic fertilizers on nutritional status of two mungbean varieties.

Study Design: Experimental treatments consisted of eight combinations of each manure and inorganic fertilizers with Soil Test Base (STB).

Results: The results showed that integrated effects were found significant on Ca, Zn and Mn contents in seed and P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents in stover. The highest N (4.34%), Mg (0.48%), P (0.56%) contents in seed and N (1.52%), Mg (0.78%) and B (30.67 µg g-1) contents in stover was obtained by the application of 3 t ha-1 poultry manure + 70% STB. The highest seed protein content was found from the same treatment. On the other hand, the highest Zn, Mn, Cu and S contents in seeds, and Zn, Fe and K contents in stover were obtained from 3 t ha-1 vermicompost + 70% STB. The treatment of 3 t ha-1 poultry manure + 70% STB produced the highest uptake of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, and Cu in seeds and the highest uptake of Mg, Fe and B was found with stover. The nutrient contents of seeds were positively and significantly correlated with each other. In Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the first two principal components accounted for approximately 81.80% of the total variability. BARI Mung-6 appeared as the best variety and poultry manure @ 3 t ha-1 along with 70% inorganic fertilizers treatment for the better nutritional quality of Mungbean.

Conclusion: It was observed that different treatments performed differently in respect of nutrients contents and uptake of seed and stover, and protein contents. From the above experimental findings, it is concluded that BARI Mung-6 appeared as the best variety and poultry manure @ 3 t ha-1 along with 70% IF should be applied for getting better nutritional mungbean seed with higher protein contents under the agroclimatic condition of BARI.
Study of the Potential Role of Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Levels in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Breast Cancer in Egyptian Females "A Case-Control Study"
Authors: Mohammed F. Z. , Gamal Lamis , Mosa Mohamed Farouk , Deen I. M. El-
Published: July 2020

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cause of malignancy in females all over the world. Continuous scientific research for the discovery of new markers helping is a cornerstone for early disease detection and proper management.

Aim of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the role of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as prognostic markers for breast cancer in an Egyptian female population.

Patients and Methods: 120 BC patients and 30 healthy controls were the subjects of the study; serum NGAL levels were investigated and correlated with the clinicopathologic characteristics of the BC patients.

Results: Our study showed that NGAL was significantly different between healthy controls and BC patients, and  it revealed a gradual increase with disease severity.

Conclusion: Our findings suggested that NGAL could be diagnostic marker for early case detection, and was shown to be associated with breast cancer prognosis, supporting its role as prognostic biomarker.
Contributing Factors for the Agricultural Graduates Converted as Successful Agri-preneurs
Authors: Gopal P. V. Sathya
Published: July 2020

Agricultural education has now to evolve in tune with fast changing national and international scenario. The agricultural graduates are required to possess professional capabilities to deal with the concerns of sustainable development. Agri-business comprises of organizations and enterprises which in some way contribute for value and supply chain elements such as production, processing, marketing, packaging, transportation and wholesale and retail trade. Bringing as many agricultural graduates in the field of entrepreneurship as agri-preneurs is the challenging task of the policy makers in the present situation. Entrepreneurship in Agriculture is a strategic development intervention that has the potential to accelerate the development process. Agri-preneurship is greatly influenced mainly by the economic situation, education and culture. Integration of entrepreneurship education into the curriculum is imperative so as to produce graduates who would be self-employed in the face of biting economic quagmire where the government cannot provide employment for every graduate.  A total of ten (10) agri-preneurs who are the alumni of State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states completed their under graduation or post graduation and converted as successful agri-preneurs in different agriculture and allied activities were selected as sample. Exploratory research design was adopted in the study to obtain pertinent and information of the respondents. The case study method used for the documentation of agriculture graduates as successful agri-preneurs. Semi-structured interview schedule was designed for data collection. The factors were broadly divided into three categories viz., personal factors, financial factors, and environmental factors. The respondents were asked to rank the factors for each category separately. By using the Garrett’s ranking technique, the important factors which lead to become successful agri-preneurs were determined. Among personal factors work experience, passion, Communication and Marketing Skills; among financial factors Capital, Financial Resource; among environmental factors Market Demand, Man Power were found to be more significant factors influencing the establishment and for further growth of business. Hence there is a need to orient the agricultural graduates towards those factors and inculcate such paradigms in their academic environment for converting agricultural graduates as successful agri-preneurs.
Structural insights into the enhanced carbapenemase efficiency of OXA‐655 compared to OXA‐10
Authors: Leiros Hanna‐Kirsti S. , Thomassen Ane Molden , Samuelsen Ørjan , Flach Carl‐Fredrik , Kotsakis Stathis D. , Larsson D.G. Joakim
Published: July 2020

Carbapenemases are the main cause of carbapenem resistance in Gram‐negative bacteria. How β‐lactamases with weak carbapenemase activity, such as the OXA‐10‐type class D β‐lactamases, contribute to anti‐bacterial drug resistance is unclear. OXA‐655 is a T26M and V117L OXA‐10 variant, recently identified from hospital wastewater. Despite exhibiting stronger carbapenemase activity towards ertapenem (ETP) and meropenem (MEM) in Escherichia coli, OXA‐655 exhibits reduced activity towards oxyimino‐substituted β‐lactams like ceftazidime. Here, we have solved crystal structures of OXA‐10 in complex with imipenem (IPM) and ETP, and OXA‐655 in complex with MEM in order to unravel the structure–function relationship and the impact of residue 117 in enzyme catalysis. The new crystal structures show that L117 is situated at a critical position with enhanced Van der Waals interactions to L155 in the omega loop. This restricts the movements of L155 and could explain the reduced ability for OXA‐655 to bind a bulky oxyimino group. The V117L replacement in OXA‐655 makes the active site S67 and the carboxylated K70 more water exposed. This could affect the supply of new deacylation water molecules required for hydrolysis and possibly the carboxylation rate of K70. But most importantly, L117 leaves more space for binding of the hydroxyethyl group in carbapenems. In summary, the crystal structures highlight the importance of residue 117 in OXA‐10 variants for carbapenemase activity. This study also illustrates the impact of a single amino acid substitution on the substrate profile of OXA‐10 and the evolutionary potential of new OXA‐10 variants.
Bryozoa,
Cristatella Mucedo
: Excretory System
Authors: Schwaha Thomas F.
Published: July 2020

This contribution describes the excretory system of the freshwater bryozoans
Cristatella mucedo
.
Bryozoa,
Cristatella Mucedo
: Reproductive Organs
Authors: Schwaha Thomas F.
Published: July 2020

This contribution describes the reproductive organs of the freshwater bryozoans
Cristatella mucedo
.
Bryozoa,
Cristatella Mucedo
: Gametes
Authors: Schwaha Thomas F.
Published: July 2020

This contribution describes gametes of the freshwater bryozoans
Cristatella mucedo
.
Engineering Light‐Responsive Contractile Actomyosin Networks with DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Jahnke Kevin , Weiss Marian , Weber Cornelia , Platzman Ilia , Göpfrich Kerstin , Spatz Joachim P.
Published: July 2020

External control and precise manipulation is key for the bottom‐up engineering of complex synthetic cells. Minimal actomyosin networks have been reconstituted into synthetic cells; however, their light‐triggered symmetry breaking contraction has not yet been demonstrated. Here, light‐activated directional contractility of a minimal synthetic actomyosin network inside microfluidic cell‐sized compartments is engineered. Actin filaments, heavy‐meromyosin‐coated beads, and caged ATP are co‐encapsulated into water‐in‐oil droplets. ATP is released upon illumination, leading to a myosin‐generated force which results in a motion of the beads along the filaments and hence a contraction of the network. Symmetry breaking is achieved using DNA nanotechnology to establish a link between the network and the compartment periphery. It is demonstrated that the DNA‐linked actin filaments contract to one side of the compartment forming actin asters and quantify the dynamics of this process. This work exemplifies that an engineering approach to bottom‐up synthetic biology, combining biological and artificial elements, can circumvent challenges related to active multi‐component systems and thereby greatly enrich the complexity of synthetic cellular systems.