bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibration signal diagnosis and analysis of rotating machine by utilizing cloud computing
Authors: Mi Zhe , Wang Tiangang , Sun Zan , Kumar Rajeev
Published: December 2021

Vibration signal diagnosis and analysis plays an important role in the industrial machinery since it enhances the machinery performance under supervision. The information regarding the future condition is given by vibration diagnosis techniques which is growing interest for the scientific and industrial communities. Information for failure diagnostic and prediction are provided by the motor vibration through signal processing. The development of mechanical systems fault prognosis and in the last decades, research is done at a very rapid rate. The examination of vibration signal monitoring is done in this paper with the aid of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Cloud Technology (CT). The machines maintenance strategies are implemented by using the data collected from machines which are based on the fault prognosis. The cloud computing platform is presented in this paper which is having three layers and the unlabelled data is received to generate an interpreted online decision. Feature extraction of the vibration signal is obtained in terms of range, mean value, root mean square value, and standard deviation and crest values. The performance of the model is evaluated by utilizing the classical statistical metrics such as RMSE Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of the vibration signal. It is obtained that the proposed technique is 25% and 90% better than the Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling System respectively in terms of RMSE. The performance in terms of MAPE, then the proposed technique outperforms the existing Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling System by 8 % and 60% respectively. The presented technique is better than the existing Adaptive Neurofuzzy Inference System and the Single Modeling techniques by average of 15% and 30 % respectively.
Projecting action spaces. On the interactional relevance of cesural areas in co-enactments
Authors: Ehmer Oliver , Mandel Daniel
Published: December 2021

This article investigates the interactional relevance of weak cesuras in multimodal transitions in enactments. Previous research has pointed out that enactments are multimodally accomplished phenomena in that they do not only consist of a quotation but usually involve changes in prosody and bodily conduct, too. Furthermore, it has been noted that an upcoming quotation may be projected in the preceding talk by phonetic cues. There is, however, little research on the precise multimodal realization of such transitions and their possible interactional relevance. Taking this as a starting point, we analyze a collection of co-enactments. Firstly, we show that quotations are projected not only by phonetic but also bodily cues, which often build up gradually in the preceding talk. These smooth transitions into enactment are analyzed as “cesural areas.” Secondly, we argue that such cesural areas and the cumulation of multimodal projections open up an opportunity space in the sense of Lerner (1991), whereby a joint enactment involving co-participants, i.e., a co-enactment, is possible. Thirdly, we show that participants jointly develop the meaning of the enactment in this space, mutually taking up and elaborating on their prior contributions. The data is taken from a corpus of collaborative storytellings in German.
The Stoic Provenance of the Notion ofProsochê
Authors: Ierodiakonou Katerina
Published: December 2021

Late Stoics and, in particular, Epictetus made ample use of the notion of attention (prosochê), which they understood as the soul’s vigilant focus on sense impressions and on the Stoic principles. Attention, in their view, was meant to assist our self-examination and lead to ethical progress. It was thus regarded as a Stoic good and a constitutive part ofeudaimonia. Early Stoics did not seem to have invoked such a notion, whereas the Neoplatonists appropriated it into their psychology by postulating the soul’s attentive part, which they introduced to explain both perceptual and intellectual attention as well as self-awareness.
Verteidigung ist Pflicht – Deutschlands außenpolitische Kultur muss strategisch werden – Teil 2
Authors: Giegerich Bastian , Terhalle Maximilian
Published: December 2021

Kurzfassung

Der Aufstieg oder Wiederaufstieg revisionistischer, repressiver und autoritärer Mächte bedroht die westliche, von den USA garantierte internationale Ordnung, die den Aufstieg und die Sicherheit der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg gewährleistet hat. Zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem Chinas Aufstieg in Asien die USA zunehmend in Anspruch nimmt (ein Krieg zwischen China und den USA ist nicht auszuschließen), muss Europa in der Lage sein, sich im Rahmen der NATO gegen eine konventionelle Aggression Russlands weitgehend allein zu verteidigen. Dabei sind substanzielle Beiträge Deutschlands unersetzlich. Jahre der Vernachlässigung und strukturellen Unterfinanzierung haben jedoch die deutschen Streitkräfte geschwächt. Die politische Führung in Berlin tut sich schwer, diese neue Lage zu akzeptieren, und die Dringlichkeit einer Neuausrichtung der deutschen Verteidigungspolitik anzuerkennen.
Phase-Synchronized Stimulus Presentation Augments Contingency Knowledge and Affective Evaluation in a Fear-Conditioning Task
Authors: Plog Elena , Antov Martin I. , Bierwirth Philipp , Keil Andreas , Stockhorst Ursula
Published: December 2021

Memory often combines information from different sensory modalities. Animal studies show that synchronized neuronal activity in the theta band (4–8 Hz) binds multimodal associations. Studies with human participants have likewise established that theta-phase synchronization augments the formation of declarative video–tone pair memories. Another form of associative learning, classical fear conditioning, models nondeclarative, emotional memory with distinct neuronal mechanisms. Typical fear-conditioning tasks pair a conditioned stimulus (CS) in one modality with an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US) in another. The present study examines the effects of CS–US synchronization in the theta band on fear memory formation in humans. In a fear generalization procedure, we paired one of five visual gratings of varying orientation (CS) with an aversive auditory US. We modulated the luminance of the CS and the volume of the US at a rate of 4 Hz. To manipulate the synchrony between visual and auditory input during fear acquisition, one group (N = 20) received synchronous CS–US pairing, whereas the control group (N = 20) received the CS–US pairs out of phase. Phase synchronization improved CS–US contingency knowledge and facilitated CS discrimination in terms of rated valence and arousal, resulting in narrower generalization across the CS gratings compared with the out-of-phase group. In contrast, synchronization did not amplify conditioned responding in physiological arousal (skin conductance) and visuocortical engagement (steady-state visually evoked potentials) during acquisition, although both measures demonstrated tuning toward the CS+. Together, these data support a causal role of theta-phase synchronization in affective evaluation and contingency report during fear acquisition.
Structure of Long-Range Direct and Indirect Spinocerebellar Pathways as Well as Local Spinal Circuits Mediating Proprioception
Authors: Pop Iliodora V. , Espinosa Felipe , Blevins Cheasequah J. , Okafor Portia C. , Ogujiofor Osita W. , Goyal Megan , Mona Bishakha , Landy Mark A. , Dean Kevin M. , Gurumurthy Channabasavaiah B. , Lai Helen C.
Published: December 2021

Proprioception, the sense of limb and body position, generates a map of the body that is essential for proper motor control, yet we know little about precisely how neurons in proprioceptive pathways are wired. Defining the anatomy of secondary neurons in the spinal cord that integrate and relay proprioceptive and potentially cutaneous information from the periphery to the cerebellum is fundamental to understanding how proprioceptive circuits function. Here, we define the unique anatomic trajectories of long-range direct and indirect spinocerebellar pathways as well as local intersegmental spinal circuits using genetic tools in both male and female mice. We find that Clarke's column neurons, a major contributor to the direct spinocerebellar pathway, has mossy fiber terminals that diversify extensively in the cerebellar cortex with axons terminating bilaterally, but with no significant axon collaterals within the spinal cord, medulla, or cerebellar nuclei. By contrast, we find that two of the indirect pathways, the spino-lateral reticular nucleus and spino-olivary pathways, are in part, derived from cervicalAtoh1-lineage neurons, whereas thoracolumbarAtoh1-lineage neurons project mostly locally within the spinal cord. Notably, while cervical and thoracolumbarAtoh1-lineage neurons connect locally with motor neurons, no Clarke's column to motor neuron connections were detected. Together, we define anatomic differences between long-range direct, indirect, and local proprioceptive subcircuits that likely mediate different components of proprioceptive-motor behaviors.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe define the anatomy of long-range direct and indirect spinocerebellar pathways as well as local spinal proprioceptive circuits. We observe that mossy fiber axon terminals of Clarke's column neurons diversify proprioceptive information across granule cells in multiple lobules on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides, sending no significant collaterals within the spinal cord, medulla, or cerebellar nuclei. Strikingly, we find that cervical spinal cordAtoh1-lineage neurons form mainly the indirect spino-lateral reticular nucleus and spino-olivary tracts and thoracolumbarAtoh1-lineage neurons project locally within the spinal cord, whereas only a fewAtoh1-lineage neurons form a direct spinocerebellar tract.
Action Potentials Are Critical for the Propagation of Focally Elicited Spreading Depolarizations
Authors: Suryavanshi Pratyush , Reinhart Katelyn M. , Shuttleworth C. William , Brennan K. C.
Published: December 2021

Spreading depolarizations (SDs) of gray matter occur in the brain in different pathologic conditions, and cause varying degrees of tissue damage depending on the extent of metabolic burden on the tissue. As might be expected for such large depolarizations, neurons exhibit bursts of action potentials (APs) as the wave propagates. However, the specific role of APs in SD propagation is unclear. This is potentially consequential, since sodium channel modulation has not been considered as a therapeutic target for SD-associated disorders, because of ambiguous experimental evidence. Using whole-cell electrophysiology and single-photon imaging in acute cortical slices from male C57Bl6 mice, we tested the effects of AP blockade on SDs generated by two widely used induction paradigms. We found that AP blockade using tetrodotoxin (TTX) restricted propagation of focally induced SDs, and significantly reduced the amplitude of neuronal depolarization, as well as its Ca2+load. TTX also abolished the suppression of spontaneous synaptic activity that is a hallmark of focally induced SD. In contrast, TTX did not affect the propagation of SD induced by global superfusion of high [K+]econtaining artificial CSF (ACSF). Thus, we show that voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav)-mediated neuronal AP bursts are critical for the propagation and downstream effects of focally induced SD but are less important when the ionic balance of the extracellular space is already compromised. In doing so we corroborate the notion that two different SD induction paradigms, each relevant to different clinical situations, vary significantly in their characteristics and potentially their response to treatment.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur findings suggest that voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) channels have a critical role in the propagation and downstream neural effects of focally induced spreading depolarization (SD). As SDs are likely induced focally in many disease conditions, these studies support sodium channel modulation, a previously underappreciated therapeutic option in SD-associated disorders, as a viable approach.
100 YEARS OF VITAMIN D: Global differences in vitamin D status and dietary intake: a review of the data
Authors: Cashman Kevin D
Published: December 2021

Background

Internationally, concern has been repeatedly raised about the little notable progress in the collection, analysis and use of population micronutrient status and deficiency data globally. The need for representative status and intake data for vitamin D has been highlighted as a research priority for well over a decade.

Aim and methods

A narrative review which aims to provide a summary and assessment of vitamin D nutritional status data globally. This review divides the world into the Food and Agriculture Organisation’s (FAO) major regions: the Americas, Europe, Oceania, Africa and Asia. Emphasis was placed on published data on the prevalence of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) < 25/30 and <50 nmol/L (reflecting vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy, respectively) as well as vitamin D intake, where possible from nationally representative surveys.

Results

Collating data from the limited number of available representative surveys from individual countries might suggest a relatively low overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in South America, Oceania and North America, whereas there is more moderate prevalence in Europe and Asia, and possibly Africa. Overall, the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D < 25/30 and <50 nmol/L ranges from ~5 to 18% and 24 to 49%, respectively, depending on FAO world region. Usual intakes of vitamin D can also vary by FAO world region, but in general, with a few exceptions, there are very high levels of inadequacy of vitamin D intake.

Conclusions

While the burden of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy varies by world regions and not just by UVB availability, the global burden overall translates into enormous numbers of individuals at risk.
KCTD10 regulates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and metabolic function via Notch signaling
Authors: Ye Ming-sheng , Luo Liping , Guo Qi , Su Tian , Cheng Peng , Huang Yan
Published: December 2021

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is emerging as a target to beat obesity through the dissipation of chemical energy to heat. However, the molecular mechanisms of brown adipocyte thermogenesis remain to be further elucidated. Here, we show that KCTD10, a member of the polymerase delta-interacting protein 1 family, was reduced in BAT by cold stress and a β3 adrenoceptor agonist. Moreover, KCTD10 level increased in the BAT of obese mice, and KCTD10 overexpression attenuates uncoupling protein 1 expression in primary brown adipocytes. BAT-specific KCTD10 knockdown mice had increased thermogenesis and cold tolerance protecting from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Conversely, overexpression of KCTD10 in BAT caused reduced thermogenesis, cold intolerance, and obesity. Mechanistically, inhibiting Notch signaling restored the KCTD10 overexpression-suppressed thermogenesis. Our study presents that KCTD10 serves as an upstream regulator of Notch signaling pathway to regulate BAT thermogenesis and whole-body metabolic function.
Predictive Roles of Right Coronary Artery Disease Severity and Systemic Immune Inflammation Index in Predicting Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Bypass Operations in Patients with Right Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: ATA YUSUF , Abanoz Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (PoAF) is observed at a rate of 25-40% in the postoperative period after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and can increase mortality, morbidity, and treatment costs. Inflammation and coronary artery disease (CAD) severity are important parameters to predict PoAF.
Methods: Patients with right coronary artery (RCA) disease who underwent isolated CABG operation between January 1, 2017 and April 15, 2020, were included in the study retrospectively. Demographic features, preoperative total Gensini score (TGS), right coronary Gensini score (RCGS), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and postoperative characteristics were recorded.
Results: A total of 283 patients were included in the study. Those who did not develop PoAF were included in Group 1 (N = 211, median age=60 (33-82) years), and those who did were included in Group 2 (N = 72, median age=68 (42-85) years). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups, in terms of gender, hypercholesterolemia, cerebrovascular event/trans-ischemic attack history, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, smoking, beta blocker/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker use, ejection fraction and left atrium diameters. As a result of multivariate analysis, advanced age (OR: 2.816 CI 95%: 1.687-3.498 P < .001), hypertension (OR:0.896, CI 95%: 0.578-0.965, P = .022), SII (OR: 1.548 CI 95%: 1.265-2.896, P = .003), TGS (OR: 1.235, CI 95%: 1.096-2.424, P = .012), and RCGS (OR: 2.112, CI 95%: 1.665-4.156, P < .001) values were determined as independent predictors for predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation.
Conclusion: In this study, we showed that RCGS and SII values were independent predictors of PoAF after CABG operations in patients with right coronary artery disease.
NEXTGENDEM: información genética, geoespacial y supercomputación para mejorar la gestión de especies y espacios en Macaronesia.
Authors: CAUJAPÉ-CASTELLS JULI , NEBOT RAFAEL , NARANJO-SUÁREZ JOSÉ , JAÉN MOLINA RUTH , GONZÁLEZ PÉREZ MIGUEL ÁNGEL , GUILLERMES VÁZQUEZ INMACULADA , DÍAZ PÉREZ ANTONIO , VIERA RUIZ GUSTAVO , CABRERA NEREIDA , GÓMES ISILDO , BARRETO ÁNGELA , FRANCISCO RODRÍGUEZ JUAN , FUERTES-AGUILAR JAVIER , GARCÍA-VERDUGO CARLOS , SANMARTÍN Isabel , ZURITA PÉREZ NIEVES , MORENO PAULA , REYES DANIEL , CURBELO ALEJANDRO , ROMEIRAS MARÍA , CORREIA MARIA JESUS , CARABALLO CARLOS
Published: December 2021

El proyecto NEXTGENDEM (MAC2/4.6d/236, https://lupus.itccanarias.org/nextgendem/es/) complementa múltiples disciplinas de investigación para proporcionar datos científicos contrastados y validados que faciliten a los gestores la toma de decisiones de conservación más informadas. A consecuencia de la movilización y el enriquecimiento de los bancos de muestras y datos del Jardín Botánico Canario “Viera y Clavijo” – UA CSIC y del Instituto Nacional de Investigação e Desenvolvimento Agrário de Cabo Verde, se pondrán a punto herramientas para la estimación de la diversidad filogenética de la flora terrestre insular, la aproximación a la identificación taxonómica molecular de muestras, la reconstrucción de filogenias, y el análisis territorial integrado con variables bióticas y abióticas. Nuestro objetivo principal es organizar, analizar y aplicar el conocimiento científico más relevante para guiar actuaciones in situ y ex situ que mejoren el estado de conservación de las floras de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias) y Santiago (Cabo Verde), aunque prevemos incorporar otros territorios macaronésicos en futuros proyectos
A SWARA-CoCoSo-Based Approach for Spray Painting Robot Selection
Authors: Kumar Vidyapati , Kalita Kanak , Chatterjee Prasenjit , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Chakraborty Shankar
Published: December 2021

In order to avoid working in a constrained hazardous environment, manual spray painting operation is gradually being replaced by automated robotic systems in many manufacturing industries. Application of spray painting robots ensures defect-free painting of dissimilar components with higher repeatability, flexibility, productivity, reduced cycle time and minimum wastage of paint. Due to availability of a large number of viable options in the market, selection of a spray painting robot suitable for a given application poses a great problem. Thus, this paper proposes the integrated application of step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) methods to identify the most apposite spray painting robot for an automobile industry based on seven evaluation criteria (payload, mass, speed, repeatability, reach, cost and power consumption). The SWARA method identifies cost as the most significant criterion based on a set preference order, whereas, Fanuc P-350iA/45 is selected as the best spray painting robot by CoCoSo method. The derived ranking results are also contrasted with other popular multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) techniques (TOPSIS, VIKOR, COPRAS, PROMETHEE and MOORA) and subjective criteria weighting methods (AHP, PIPRECIA, BWM and FUCOM). High degrees of similarity in the ranking patterns between the adopted approach and other MCDM techniques prove its effectiveness in solving complex industrial robot selection problems. This integrated approach is proved to be quite robust being almost unaffected by the changing values of the corresponding tuning parameter in low-dimensional MCDM problems.
Transformation of addimers >Ge=Ge<, >Ge=Si< AND >Si=Si< on the relaxed side of Si (001) (4 × 2)
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Terebinska M. I. , Tkachuk O. I. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Datsyuk A. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Filonenko O. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lobanov V. V. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

By the method of density functional theory (B3LYP, 6-31G **) three types of displacements are calculated, namely oscillations as a whole, rotation and diffusion of dimers > Ge = Ge <, > Ge = Si < and > Si = Si <, which are formed on the crystalline surface of Si (001) (4×2) during the deposition of germanium atoms under conditions of molecular beam epitaxy. Calculations of angles of buckling of addimers are carried out. It is shown that when the addimers as a whole oscillate around the equilibrium position, the energy barriers are quite low, the highest of them occurs for a mixed addimer > Si = Ge <. Pure adders > Ge = Ge < and > Si = Si < oscillate between two degenerate states with an energy barrier of 0.042 and 0.014 eV, respectively. The structures of the transition state and the intermediate when the addimer > Ge = Ge < is moved between adjacent cells in the approximation of the constant bond length > Ge = Ge < are obtained. As calculations have shown, all transformations of surface dimers occur with relatively small activation energies, the numerical values of which agree satisfactorily with the results of STM experiments available in the literature.
Oxidized coal as a sorbent for softening water
Authors:   Національний авіаційний університет, Voitko I. I. , Denisovich V.A. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kibalnik T. V. ,   National Aviation University, Sopruk O. A. ,   National Aviation University, Bondar R. V. ,   Institute for Sorption and Problems of Endoecology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Sorption tests carried out oxidized nitric acid active carbon in H+- and Na+- form in relation to cations Mg2+ and Ca2+ and mixture thereof. Values obtained statistical volumetric capacity samples and mass loss them during processing nitric acid, that is oxidation state. Discovered correlation between these data and relevant sorption volume samples. Demonstrated a possible water softening oxidized coal subject to specific solution acidity.
CONCISE IN SILICO PREDICTION REPORT OF A POTENTIAL PRION-LIKE DOMAIN IN SARS-COV-2 POLYPROTEIN
Authors: Mohabatkar Hassan , Behbahani Mandana , Moradi Mohammad
Published: December 2021

COVID-19 has shown higher virulence compared to the previous coronavirus epidemics and has shown that it causes damages to the nervous system. In the present study, PrionW web server was used to predict the prion-like domains (PrLDs) in 15 structural and non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. Among all of these proteins, the results demonstrated one PrLD with the sequence 951EDDYQGKPLEFGATSAALQPEEEQEEDWLDDDSQQTVGQQDGSEDNQTTTIQTIVEVQPQL1012, having an amyloid-core of 988GQQDGSEDNQTTTIQTIVEVQ1009 in the non-structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 with pWALTZ_Score of 59.9936. The sequence of SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein was further investigated by FoldIndex© tool, and a negative fold index was demonstrated at the site of predicted prion-like domain. Multiple sequence alignment of this region with non-structural proteins of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, showed that there is no sequence similarity between this predicted region and the corresponding regions of two other viruses. Considering the high similarity between polyproteins of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, and their ability to affect the nervous system, it could be suggested that a potential PrLD might be added to SARS-CoV polyprotein.
EFFECTS OF IN OVO SYNBIOTIC INJECTION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, INTESTINAL BACTERIAL LOAD AND ANTIBODY TITRES IN BROILER CHICKENS VACCINATED AGAINST INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE
Authors: Babazadeh D. , Asasi K.
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the efficacy of a synbiotic (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgar-icus, Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, and mannan oligosaccharide) along with an infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccine in Cobb 500 broilers. A total of 1200 embryonated chicken eggs were randomly allocated in 10 groups with eight replicates. The first group did not receive any treatment. The second group was vaccinated post-hatch (PV), the third group was vaccinated in ovo (IV), the fourth group received dietary synbiotic and in ovo vaccination (DS+IV), the fifth group was treated in ovo with synbiotic (IS), the sixth group received in ovo and dietary synbiotic (IS+DS), the seventh group received in ovo synbiotic plus post-hatch vaccination (IS+PV) and the eighth group  in ovo and dietary synbiotic and post-hatch vaccination (IS+DS+PV). In the ninth group, the synbiotic and the vaccine were administered in ovo (IS+IV) while the tenth group re-ceived in ovo and dietary synbiotic, plus in ovo vaccine (IS+DS+IV). The in ovo treatment with the synbiotic in combination with DS, IV or PV had a positive effect on weekly weight gain. The sixth group provided a better feed conversion ratio at the end of fourth week. The synbiotic appli-cation, individually in sixth group or along with PV or IV treatment in eighth and tenth groups, elevated feed intake in fifth and sixth weeks respectively.The antibody titre of IBD was higher for groups which received IV along with IS. It is concluded that the application of synbiotic along to IBD vaccine improved growth performance and had positive effects on IBD antibody titres.
Administração, Administradores e Organizações: reflexões sobre a atividade gerencial e suas especificidades.
Authors: Procópio Marcos Luís , Lauro Daniely Neves , Rieger Raquel Andréa , Benso Paulo Junior
Published: December 2021

A Administração e o administrador profissional têm um importante e irrevogável papel social. Todavia, o debate sobre o conteúdo do trabalho gerencial e suas especificidades nas organizações ainda permanece aberto. O presente ensaio teórico busca responder a seguinte questão: o que caracteriza e diferencia o trabalho do administrador do trabalho de outros profissionais que atuam nas organizações? Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica cujo propósito foi identificar e discutir as principais características do trabalho gerencial, tais como presentes em obras de autores consagrados no campo da Administração, desde clássicos como Henri Fayol até contemporâneos como Henry Mintzberg. Diante do grande volume de material bibliográfico existente, optou-se por uma seleção de obras baseada na popularidade dos autores e no nível de difusão que suas ideias apresentam no campo da Administração. Evidenciou-se que o que caracteriza o trabalho do administrador, desde os primeiros momentos do surgimento do capitalismo industrial, é o fato deste dispor de pessoas como recursos para execução das atividades produtivas nas organizações, dependendo e ao mesmo tempo se responsabilizando por seu trabalho.
EN Машинне навчання для властивостей холодоагентів
Authors: Артеменко С.В. , Мазур В.О.
Published: December 2021

Міждисциплінарний характер нових цілей, спрямованих на розробку робочих матеріалів для екологічно чистих технологій вимагає більш динамічного використання інформаційних технологій (ІТ) для забезпечення правильних компромісних рішень у конкурентному середовищі. Машинне навчання (ML) — це частина методологій штучного інтелекту (AI), яка використовує алгоритми, які не є прямим рішенням проблеми, а навчаються за допомогою рішень незліченної кількості подібних проблем. Машинне навчання відкрило новий шлях у дослідженні термодинамічної поведінки нових речовин. Різні обчислювальні інструменти були застосовані для вирішення актуальної проблеми - прогнозування фазової поведінки soft речовин під значними екзогенними впливами. Метою цього дослідження є розробка нової точки зору щодо прогнозування термодинамічних властивостей м'яких речовин за допомогою методології, яка передбачає штучні нейронні мережі (ANN) та глобальну фазову діаграму для забезпечення кореляції між структурою та властивостями. В роботі представлено застосування машинного навчання в інженерній термодинаміці для прогнозування азеотропної поведінки бінарних холодоагентів і визначення коефіцієнта продуктивності (COP) для роботи органічного циклу Ренкіна (ORC). За даними про кипіння та критичні точки. Запропоновано новий підхід до прогнозування утворення азеотропного стану в суміші, який розроблено та представлено. Цей підхід використовує синергію нейронних мереж та методології глобальної фазової діаграми для кореляції азеотропних даних для бінарних сумішей на основі лише критичних властивостей та ацентричного коефіцієнта окремих компонентів у сумішах холодоагентів. Це не вимагає інтенсивних розрахунків. Побудова кореляцій ANN між інформаційними атрибутами робочих рідин та критеріями ефективності циклу Ренкіна звужує область компромісів у просторі конкурентних економічних, екологічних та технологічних критеріїв
Аналіз енергетичних перспектив охолодження природного газу в магістральних газопроводах за допомогою абсорбційних холодильних машин
Authors: Тітлов О.С. , Бошкова І.Л. , Дорошенко В.М. , Світлицький В.М. , Сагала Т.А. , Морозов О.А.
Published: December 2021

Для транспортування природного газу магістральними трубопроводами на компресорних станціях (КС) встановлені газоперекачувальні агрегати (ГПА), енергоносієм для яких, в більшості випадків, є природний газ, що транспортується. На привід ГПА витрачається (спалюється) 0,5...1,5 % від обсягу газу, що транспортується. Для поточної економічної ситуації на ринку газу України добове зниження експлуатаційних витрат у типових магістральних газопроводах при зниженні температури газу перед стисненням у ГПА на 20 К становить від 1800 до 3360 $. Одним з перспективних напрямків зниження експлуатаційних втрат у магістральних газопроводах є попереднє охолодження компримованого газу за допомогою тепловикористальних абсорбційних холодильних машин (АХМ), які утилізують скидне тепло відпрацьованих продуктів згоряння газоперекачувальних агрегатів. Відповідно до розробленого алгоритму було виконано розрахунок нагнітача для різних температур природного газу перед компримуванням. Показано, що використання типового магістрального газопроводу штучного охолодження потоку газу перед всмоктуванням дасть економію витрати паливного газу 79 кг/год. Виконано термодинамічний розрахунок циклів АХМ різного типу. Показано, що незважаючи на більш високий тепловий коефіцієнт у бромістолітієвих АХМ (0,808), слід вибрати водоаміачні АХМ з тепловим коефіцієнтом 0,477, тому що тільки водоаміачні АХМ можуть забезпечити прийнятний рівень температур охолодження (258 К) природного газу перед компримуванням, на відміну від бромістолітієвих АХМ з температурою охолодження не вище 280 К. Виконано конструкторський (тепловий) розрахунок теплообмінника-охолоджувача (ТОО) природного газу перед стисненням у нагнітачі. Проведено розрахунок конструкції теплообмінника з коаксіальним розташуванням ребер з боку газового потоку. Матеріал ребер – алюміній
Ексергетичний аналіз повітряної компресорної установки
Authors: Ярошенко В.М.
Published: December 2021

Визначення енергетичної ефективності компресорних установок за допомогою коефіцієнтів перетворення енергії , які базуються тільки на першому законі термодинаміки, не є об'єктивним показником їх енергетичної ефективності , а навіть хибним. Так як при цьому не враховуються якість енергетичних потоків та рівень їх оборотності – обмеження, які витікають із другого закону термодинаміки , відповідно до якого теплова енергія являється енергією нижчого ґатунку в порівнянні з енергією стиснутого газу або механічною та електричною. В результаті такого підходу автори деяких робіт стверджують, що тільки 5-15 % електричної енергії, що витрачається, трансформується в енергію стислого повітря, а 85-95 % передається тепловому потоку, який скидається до навколишнього середовища. При термодинамічному аналізі термомеханічних систем найбільш доцільним являється метод функцій (ексергетичний), який по відношенню до традиційного методу циклів є більш простим та універсальним, так як не потребує визначення та аналізу допоміжних моделей порівняння. Застосування ексергетичного методу при термодинамічному аналізі повітряних компресорних установок дозволяє враховувати не тільки кількісні показники при енергетичних перетворюваннях в процесах, але і визначати якісні характеристики енергетичних потоків. Приводяться результати розрахунку ексергетичних показників суднової повітряної компресорної установки та побудована на їх основі діаграма ексергетичних потоків , що дозволяє визначити при цьому процеси з найбільшим рівнем необоротності (рівнем деградації енергії), як в абсолютних так і в відносних показниках, до яких в першу чергу відносяться проміжні та кінцеві охолоджувачі. Такий підхід дозволяє рекомендувати першочергові заходи для оптимізації процесів енергетичних перетворень в компресорних системах з метою підвищення їх загальної термодинамічної та техніко-економічної ефективності
Використання кисню і природного газу для підвищення ефективності паротурбінних установок
Authors: Лавренченко Г.К.
Published: December 2021

Паротурбінні установки становлять основу теплоенергетики. Незважаючи на їх поширеність, вони потребують вдосконалення із залученням результатів новітніх досліджень. При цьому в першу чергу фахівці повинні звертати увагу на те, що максимальна температура пари в цих установках не перевищує 550 °С через низьку корозійну стійкість і недостатню міцність трубок котельних агрегатів, що працюють при високій різниці тисків (до 25 МПа) всередині та зовні трубок. У той же час у сучасних газотурбінних установках температура робочого тіла при вході в турбіну високого тиску становить 1400-1500 °С. Цього досягають тим, що лопатки турбін, які виготовлені із жароміцної сталі, здатні витримувати температуру, що істотно перевищує максимальну межу, встановлену в даний час для паротурбінних установок. Лопатки турбін, до того ж, не схильні до впливу такої великої різниці тисків, як трубки котельних агрегатів. Для підвищення ефективності паротурбінних установок запропоновано новий спосіб підвищення температури пари перед турбіною. В його основі лежить використання кисню та природного газу. Підвищення максимальної температури циклу від 540 до 800 °С дозволяє збільшити термічний ККД на 8,1 %, а ефективність – на 6,4 %. Описується нетрадиційний спосіб підвищення макси­мальної температури циклу паротурбінної установки К-1200-240 до 800 °С, що дозволяє суттєво підвищити її термічний та ефективний ККД. Сутність способу полягає у змішуванні перегрітої пари, що виходить з пароперегрівача котла, з продуктами згоряння вуглеводневого палива в кисні. Таке рішення дозволяє уникнути проблеми механічної міцності і корозійної стійкості трубок пароперегрівача при високих температурах. Одним із наслідків застосування способу є отримання значної кількості чистого діоксиду вуглецю (340 т/добу в установці потужністю 1200 МВт), який можна утилізувати або поховати з метою зниження викидів в атмосферу
Forced association of SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the yeast proteome perturb vesicle trafficking
Authors: Klemm Cinzia , Wood Henry , Thomas Grace Heredge , Ólafsson Guðjón , Teixeira Mara , Thorpe Peter H.
Published: December 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the highly infectious coronavirus disease COVID-19. Extensive research has been performed in recent months to better understand how SARS-CoV-2 infects and manipulates its host to identify potential drug targets and support patient recovery from COVID-19. However, the function of many SARS-CoV-2 proteins remains uncharacterised. Here we used the Synthetic Physical Interactions (SPI) method to recruit SARS-CoV-2 proteins to most of the budding yeast proteome to identify conserved pathways which are affected by SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The set of yeast proteins that result in growth defects when associated with the viral proteins have homologous functions that overlap those identified in studies performed in mammalian cells. Specifically, we were able to show that recruiting the SARS-CoV-2 NSP1 protein to HOPS, a vesicle-docking complex, is sufficient to perturb membrane trafficking in yeast consistent with the hijacking of the endoplasmic-reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment trafficking pathway during viral infection of mammalian cells. These data demonstrate that the yeast SPI method is a rapid way to identify potential functions of ectopic viral proteins.
N. V. Leontiev’s Fables Adapted from J. La Fontaine
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Trakhtenberg L. A. 
Published: December 2021

Nikolai Leontiev is a Russian 18th-century fabulist, esteemed by contemporaries but later forgotten. The paper shows that seven of his fables are based on J. La Fontaine’s examples. There are two patterns of reception. In one of them the plot and personae are the same as in the source text, while in the other pattern they are changed. The moral usually stays the same, but in some cases, Leontiev makes certain changes, which reflect his ideology. Among his fables The Three Kings is especially interesting. It is based on la Fontaine’s fable The Frogs Who Desired a King, but the plot is transformed so as to express an opposite idea: unlike the pessimistic French poet, Leontiev optimistically believes in the reality of a good social order.
Communication Technologies of Media Sphere as the Basis for the Development of Legal Media Culture
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kirillova N. B.
Published: December 2021

The object of the research is the educational potential of the media sphere in the development and dissemination of legal culture and human rights culture in modern Russia. This is due to the strengthening of the role of the information factor in the formation of civil society. The purpose of the work is to consider the communication technologies of the media sphere as the basis for the transformation of legal culture into legal media culture.
Festive Demonstrations in the Soviet Culture: on the Problem of the Typology of Technologies, Methods, and Instruments of Civic Engagement Formation
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Kapkan M. V. , Likhacheva L. S. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2021

The paper analyses festive demonstrations in the Soviet culture as an effective technology for civic engagement construction of Soviet people. Civic engagement is considered a systemic characteristic of a person indicating the degree of harmony in the combination of personal and public interests in consciousness, moral and political qualities, and behaviour. Soviet festive demonstrations are analysed on the basis of the typology of technologies, methods, and instruments for civic engagement formation developed by the authors. The authors trace the interaction of the technologies, methods, and instruments for civic engagement formation during the demonstrations accompanying the Soviet public holidays.
Proforientations in a Modern School: a Teacher’s View
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Maltsev A. V. , Kasyanova T. I. ,   Ural Federal University, Zakrevskaya O. V. ,   Gymnasium № 161
Published: December 2021

The article presents materials on the study of teachers’ opinions on the organization of vocational guidance work in a modern school. The empirical basis of the study is the results of a questionnaire survey of teachers in the Sverdlovsk region. The sample size is 565 people. The article substantiates the conclusions that a modern school needs special classes to support professional self-determination. There should be individual vocational guidance specialists who need to be specially trained in the vocational education system, as well as organize advanced training and professional retraining of teachers.
Media Consumption of Cultural and Educational Content: Modern Realities
Authors:   State Academic University of Humanities, Sayko E. A. , Shlykova O. V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: December 2021

The article examines the dynamics of media culture in relation to modern trends in media and digital consumption of cultural and educational content in Russia. The emphasis is placed on the demand for books and reading in the everyday culture of Russians (including audio and electronic versions of books on Internet resources). Everything that is outside the media space practically does not exist for many Internet users — there is only what is “read”, mastered in a media format today. The literary preferences of our contemporaries during the pandemic are considered in the article in relation to popular forms of leisure, taking into account the influence of digitalization processes. Attention is drawn to the fact that, on the one hand, there are processes of activating the use of open resources, on the other — the production of a new type of content of cultural and leisure activities and social interaction. This is evidenced by the indicators of consumption of digital educational resources and services, online podcasts, broadcasts in the context of a pandemic.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire-Brazil in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: ALVES Walter Luis Teixeira , FARIA-FORTINI Iza de , GALVÃO Ana Carolina Daher Ribas , CARDOSO Francisco Eduardo Costa , SCALZO Paula Luciana
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Culturally adapted measures to assess the performance of activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are limited in Brazil. Objective: To adapt the ADL Questionnaire to the Brazilian culture and to analyze its reproducibility in individuals with PD. Methods: The ADL Questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese language. Reproducibility was analyzed using test-retest reliability and agreement values. The test-retest reliability of the individual items and total scores were calculated. The limits of agreement were verified using the Bland-Altman plot. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimum detectable change (MDC) were calculated. Patients who were classified on a score of 1–4 on the modified Hoehn and Yahr scale were eligible. Results: No divergence was identified between the original and the adapted version, which demonstrated adequate semantic and conceptual equivalence. The Bland-Altman plot showed no systematic changes in the mean test-retest scores. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.98 (95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.93–0.99), and all individual items showed good levels of reliability (>0.60). The SEM (SEM%) and MDC (MDC%) values were 3.0 (6.75%) and 8.2 (18.7%), respectively. These values are within the recommended values. Conclusions: The ADL-Brazil Questionnaire is a reliable instrument to be used for clinical and research purposes to assess self-perceptions of ADL performance in individuals with PD.
Efficiency of a recurrent selection method to achieve resistance of common beans to Pseudocercospora griseola in a short period
Authors: Pádua Paula Furtado de , Pereira Rafael , Abreu Ângela de Fátima Barbosa , Ramalho Magno Antonio Patto , Souza Elaine Aparecida
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The angular leaf spot (ALS), caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora griseola, is one of the most notable diseases of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). The most effective strategy to control ALS is quantitative disease resistance provided by major and minor genes. One breeding strategy for obtaining lines with durable resistance to P. griseola is a recurrent selection that aims to gradually assemble favorable alleles. In this study, common beans were artificially inoculated with P. griseola and grown in a greenhouse under a recurrent selection program that aims to accelerate the breeding cycle and assimilate resistant conferring genes per generation. From the initial population, three cycles of evaluation, selection, and intercross were carried out in a greenhouse and the most resistant plants were phenotypically selected. Plants at the V2 stage were inoculated with an isolate of P. griseola, race 63-63. Selected plants were transplanted into pots and intercrossed to reap the next cycle of selection. Progenies obtained from the base population (C0) and subsequent cycles (CI, CII, and CIII) were assessed for the degree of the symptoms for ALS under greenhouse and field conditions. The rate of genetic progress per breeding cycle was - 14.8% and - 5.3% for the plants grown in greenhouse and field, respectively. Artificial inoculation with P. griseola allowed three recurrent selection cycles per year, signifying a promising method to obtain ALS-resistant common bean lines in a short period.
ATHLETE's CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION TEST IN DIFFERENT SPORTS
Authors: Zhou Guohai
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: There have been many reports on athletes’ cardiovascular function, but there are very few methods used to evaluate the case. Objective: This article studies the relationship between sports fatigue and the cardiovascular response of athletes so that athletes can exercise and train more scientifically and safely. Methods: The paper selected some national athletes from 2017 to 2020 to carry out the VO2max, step test, YoYo test, 12-minute running, and other tests related to the cardiovascular function. Results: Athletes can promote the improvement of their cardiovascular function when they perform aerobic exercise training. Conclusion: Public physical education and amateur physical training should focus on the development of aerobic endurance. This can improve athletes’ cardiovascular function. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.