bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anticancer effects of Rhinacanthus nasutus and Acanthus ebracteatus extracts against human cervical cancer cells
Authors: SAENGHA Worachot , KARIRAT Thipphiya , BURANRAT Benjaporn , KATISART Teeraporn , LOUTCHANWOOT Panida , ALBASER Abdulhadi Ali , LUANG-IN Vijitra
Published: March 2023

Cervical cancer is second only to breast cancer in terms of incidence; however, it is the most lethal form of cancer among Thai women due to the asymptomatic nature of its early stages. This work aimed to examine cytotoxic and antiproliferative capacities of Rhinacanthus nasutus (RN) and Acanthus ebracteatus (AE) extracts against human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Plant leaves were used for ethyl acetate extraction. The antioxidant assays, HPLC analysis, a cytotoxic MTT assay, a clonogenic assay and real-time PCR were conducted. Both RN and AE displayed similar DPPH scavenging activity (3.97 and 4.05 mg TE/g DW) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (4.79 and 4.35 mg Fe2+/g DW). However, AE was richer in total phenolic content than RN (13.30 and 10.84 mg GAE/g DW, respectively). Rutin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and cinnamic acid were found in AE, whilst only cinnamic acid with much higher content was found in RN. Higher cytotoxicity of 91.73% against HeLa cells was found in RN (IC50 value of 62.06 µg/mL). RN showed higher antiproliferative effect (IC50 of 25.24 µg/mL) than AE (34.35 µg/mL). Genes (Bcl-2, Bax, MMP-2, MMP-9, caspase-3, p21, and cyclin D1) and proteins (cytochrome c, caspase-3 and p21) linked to apoptosis and migration were substantially more affected by RN. To conclude, both RN and AE hold promise as anticancer herbal plants against human cervical cancer; however, RN was more cytotoxic and antiproliferative in HeLa cells. RN offers a better alternative herbal medicine or complementary remedy to the standard drug for human cervical cancer treatment.
Pollen morphology and anatomy of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) in Thailand
Authors: HANCHANA Kasan , SAENSOUK Surapon , SAENSOUK Piyaporn
Published: March 2023

Pollen morphology and anatomy were investigated in 19 species of the genus Rubus L. from Thailand by observation and analysis under a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The pollen grains are monads, with radial symmetry, circular shaped in polar view and isopolar. The sizes of the pollen grains are small and medium. Considering the species studied, the majority have medium sized pollen grains. There were different shapes detected viz., oblate, suboblate, prolate spheroidal, oblate spheroidal and prolate. The pollen grains have various apertures: tricolporate, tricolporate-tetracolporate, tricolpate and tricolpate-tetracolpate. There were five forms of exine sculpturing as follows: rugulate-perforate, striate-perforate, microverrucate-perforate, microverrucate and perforate. In the genus Rubus it is not possible to use the morphology of the pollen for the identification to species level. Eleven species had the morphology of the pollen studied for the first time. The anatomy of the leaf, petiole and stem were observed by transverse section. The anatomy can be used for the identification to species level. The results indicate that the anatomical characteristics used for the identification key are shape of leaf margin, shape of adaxial surface of midrib, pericyclic fibers, idioblast cell, shape of petiole, starch grain, number of vascular bundles, shape of stem and types of trichomes. In this study, the anatomy of 19 species was reported for the first time. The numerical analysis based on the pollen morphology and anatomy data did not support classification of the genus Rubus L.
BOT methodology for the inclusion of Spanish ports into the international logistics market as Ports 4.0
Authors: Barba Juan de la Morena , González-Cancelas Nicoletta , Orive Alberto Camarero
Published: March 2023

World trade has been modified by a new scenario in which the world is more globalised. These globalisation processes have relied on logistics being able to offer better door-to-door services. In Spain, this trend has a direct impact on ports, so that the trend is moving towards Ports 4.0. For this reason, Puertos del Estado has launched the Ports 4.0 project. In order to diagnose the current situation and to face the Ports 4.0 project, the business observation tool (BOT) is proposed to be used, as it does not only allow analysis of the state of the conditions of the Ports 4.0 project of the Spanish port system but also allows establishment of the possible scenarios of the Ports 4.0 proposal. The main conclusion of its application is that the Spanish port system is well positioned towards the so-called smart ports or Ports 4.0, although a new port model is necessary to develop it.
The Effect of Job Engagement on Person-Organization Fit: A Research in Banking Sector
Authors: AYDEMİR Ceren , ENDİRLİK Hande
Published: March 2023

Human resources-the most valuable resource of the economy- has the potential to make a big difference in the organization, environment and industry. These differences can be positive or negative. Job engagement is one of the factors that distinguish these differences from each other. The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of job engagement on person-organization fit. In addition, it was examined the effects of the dimensions of job engagement on person-organization fit. The data of the research were collected from 330 bank employees in Kayseri. Quantitative research method was conducted and the data were obtained by face-to-face technique. Job engagement was assessed through Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) by Schaufeli et al. (2002) and person-organization fit was assessed through the scale which have been developed by Netemeyer et al. (1997). The proposed hypotheses have been tested using the SPSS package program and reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis conducted on data. As a result of the research, the job engagement has a significant effect on person-organization fit. Moreover, both vigor and dedication which are sub-dimensions of the job engagement have a significant effect on person-organization fit.
Yeni Dünya Düzeninde Geleneksel Pazarlama ve Online (Dijital) Pazarlamanın Karşılaştırması: Z Kuşağı Etkisi
Authors: EYİCE BASEV Sinem
Published: March 2023

Yeni nesil tüketici davranışı olgusunu oluşturan Z kuşağı, çevrimiçi ortamlarda birden fazla davranışı aynı anda gösteren ve kendine özgü davranışları nedeniyle pazarlamacılara ve reklamcılara zorluklar sunan dijital yerlilerdir. Bu nedenle, Z kuşağı tüketicilerinin çevrimiçi ortamlarda gezinirken satın alma davranışlarına yönelik stratejilerin hedefinde online (dijital) pazarlama ve iletişim stratejilerinin etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamdan yola çıkılarak araştırmanın amacı, yeni dünya düzeninde geleneksel ve online/dijital pazarlamanın Z kuşağının etkisine ilişkin katılımcı görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın amacına yönelik olarak, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 18 yaş ve üstü gönüllü 14 katılımcıdan oluşmuştur. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturan katılımcılarla COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle Google Meet üzerinden yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmanın çalışma grubunun demografik özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik 3 soru ve yeni dünya düzeninde geleneksel ve online/dijital pazarlamanın Z kuşağının etkisine ilişkin görüşlerinin belirlenmesine yönelik 25 yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu sorudan oluşan görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Veriler MAXQDA 2018 Programı ile betimsel analiz tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarının ilgili alanyazına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Performance Analysis of Fresnel Lens Driven Hot Water/Steam Generator for Domestic and Industrial Use: A CFD Research
Authors: CUCE Pinar Mert , CUCE Erdem
Published: March 2023

In this study, the design, manufacture and thermal performance analysis of a Fresnel lens driven hot water/steam generator are presented. The designed system is suitable for domestic and industrial hot water/steam usage and can be easily scaled up to meet different capacity needs. In the first step of the research, thermal behaviour of the cast plate heat exchanger driven by a Fresnel lens with a concentration ratio of 100 is investigated at different working fluid velocities (0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 m/s) and at different absorber surface temperatures (700, 800, 900 and 1000 °C). Outlet temperature of working fluid from the cast plate heat exchanger is determined through a 3D CFD model for each case. The capacity of the steam generator for different operating times (h = 1, 2 and 3 hours) is also evaluated. The highest working fluid temperature at the outlet of heat exchanger is 914.8 °C for T_cp= 1000 °C and V_wf = 0.6 m/s. On the other hand, the lowest temperature is observed as 424.7 °C for T_cp = 700 °C and V_wf = 2.0 m/s. The steam capacity of the system for h = 3 hours is determined as 1696.5 and 508.9 kg in the best (V_wf = 2.0 m/s) and worst cases (V_wf = 0.6 m/s), respectively.
Effects of Social Anxiety Level on Negative Interpretation Bias in Ambiguous Social Situations: Focused on Relational Intimacy
Authors: Yun Hye Ji , Hyun Myoung-Ho
Published: March 2023

Background: This study aimed to examine the differences in negative interpretation bias in ambiguous social situations according to social anxiety level and then confirm the degree of negative interpretation bias according to the relational intimacy with the interacting partner.Methods: A total of 405 adults in their 20s completed the surveys that measured the levels of social interaction anxiety, and the highest 10% (n=30) and lowest 10% (n=30) scorers finally participated in the study. This study used a 2 (high/low social anxiety)×3 (relational intimacy: a stranger/a moderately intimate person/a very intimate person) factorial design. The study provided participants with 15 randomized scenarios with the same social context but different interacting partners and confirmed the degree of agreement with the negative interpretation presented in each situation.Results: The high social anxiety group showed more negative interpretation bias in ambiguous social situations compared to the low social anxiety group. Regarding the negative interpretation biases according to relational intimacy, the high social anxiety group showed the most negative interpretation bias in social interactions with a moderately intimate person than they did with a stranger or very intimate person.Conclusions: Social anxiety may have different effects on the degree of negative interpretation bias depending on intimacy in social interactions, suggesting that differentiated therapeutic interventions are needed.
Test Linking of Suicide Risk Assessment Instruments: Comparing Cut-Off Scores for Suicide Risk
Authors: Yu Hwajeong , Han Yuhwa , You Sungeun
Published: March 2023

Background: Communicating the objective meaning of the cut-off criteria for high-risk among suicide risk assessment tools is challenging because they measure different aspects of suicide risk. This study aimed to provide comparable scores among widely used suicide assessment instruments by using test linking.Methods: Linking was performed using the equipercentile method with the data of 400 adults. Then, for an independent sample of 165 adults, the validity of linking was tested by providing an overall percent agreement of group classification.Results: Linking results indicated that the score of 4 on the C-SSRS corresponded to 8 on the DSI-SS and 16 on the SBQ-R, respectively. The overall percent agreement of group classification based on the cutoff score of 4 on the C-SSRS was high in both scales, supporting the validity of linking.Conclusions: The study results provide comparable criteria for the high-risk group among the three measures. Mental health practitioners could utilize our results in identifying people at high suicide risk.
Tax Policy - Integrating Investment Tax Allowance and Corporate Governance by Institutionalisation Process: A Conceptual Paper
Authors: Alimon Mohamad Faizuddin , Azmi Anna Azriati Che
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the conceptual perspective on integration of investment tax incentives program and corporate governance through institutional process in the government inspiration of building sustainable economic environment. The concept is to enhance the tax policy by shifting the conventional view of investment tax incentives program and corporate governance to shared tax policy between government and government towards the inspiration. The shift is to support government tax revenue system capability generate sufficient revenue to finance socio-economic development activities.
Government Bonds Performance in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Saad Noriza
Published: March 2023

This study investigates the impact of government bond facets on their performance and transformation of issuances using multivariate regression model and post hoc comparison in order to utilize the objectives of the study which are to: (i) analyze the performance and transformation of government bonds issuances by Commercial Mortgage Backed-Securities (CMBS), Malaysia Government Securities (MGS), Khazanah bonds and Cagamas bonds; and (ii) link the relationship between bonds yield with government bond facets such as coupon rate, price, and log size of issuances. Secondary data used covers the period of 2002:1 until 2012:12 at a monthly basis with 3303 sample number of observations gathered from the Bank Negara Bond Info Hub and the Rating Agency Malaysia (RAM) for such bond facets. Evidently, results reveal that there is a statistically significant positive (negative) impact of bond yields towards their coupon rate (price and log size of issuances) postulating a robust performance of government bonds returns. Furthermore, there is a significant mean difference among the government and quasi-government bonds issuances with regards to their facets. The fluctuation in yields as a measurement of returns for these bonds as a long-term investment needs to be looked into i n detail based on their facets? changes in ensuring t h a t the transformation execution can be enhanced for sustainable economics in the capital market not only in Malaysia but also in the global market.
The Evolution of Social Space and Boundaries: The Case of Small High Technology Firms
Authors: Ab Rahman Anis Amira , Salim Shamsul Anuar
Published: March 2023

This paper reports the research findings for understanding social space and boundaries in small high technology firms within the context of creative leadership phenomena. Inspired by space and boundary theories, this study explored the concepts of entrepreneurship through small high technology ventures and the meaning given to space and boundaries by the leaders and followers as an inter-subjective phenomenon. By examining the ways the leaders and followers interact and the different forms of conversations and discourses that are being used by the leaders and followers, it is expected that the reality behind entrepreneurship, and the social space and boundaries could be uncovered. This study utilised a qualitative approach that adopts a phenomenological symbolic interactionism theoretical background. Specifically, this study employs a narrative inquiry method to capture the language and meaning in order to understand how social space and boundaries are constructed in small high technology firms. This study found that the social space of small high technology firms are constructed through trust, support, respect, recognition, and a democratic power relation. The findings indicate that the social boundaries of small high technology firms have a sense of companionship. This study contributes to a new knowledge that explains the space and boundaries of the social environment in the field of entrepreneurship.
Factors Influencing Cloud Computing Adoption in the Public Sector: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Sallehudin Hasimi , Che Razak Razli , Ismail Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Cloud computing is one of the latest Information Technology innovation phenomena that has risen from the idea of sharing, consolidating, and standardizing of resources in a centralized infrastructure and facility. This concept offers many advantages such as cost reduction in both hardware and software investment for organizations. Despite these advantages, cloud computing adoption among organizations is relatively slow with a low adoption rate. As such, this study attempts to bridge the gap by offering insight into possible factors that could influence such adoption decisions. By integrating the Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI) and IT personnel characteristics, a conceptual model is developed and tested as a preliminary study to determine the influencing factors of cloud computing adoption by the Malaysian public sector to enhance its service delivery. The results revealed that relative advantage, compatibility, and IT personnel knowledge are the innovation attributes and the human factor for cloud computing adoption in the Malaysian public sector. This study contributes to the knowledge domain of cloud computing adoption literature on theories of IT adoption particularly in the public sector.
The Status of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) Adoption in the Hotel Industry
Authors: Ramli Ainon
Published: March 2023

The work systems of organizations nowadays depend on IT. Hospitality industry is one of the industries affected by the IT revolution. Studies on the use of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in the hotel industry, especially in developing countries, are limited. Thus, this research attempts to fill the knowledge gap by exploring the adoption of AIS in the Malaysian context. The research adopts a survey approach where the data were collected through a postal questionnaire from senior accounting managers in three, four, and five star rated hotels. A total of 101 completed and usable questionnaires were gathered from a total of 367 mailed questionnaires, giving a response rate of 27.52%. The findings confirm the wide use of computerized accounting systems in the hotels, although, the extent of the AIS use is relatively unsophisticated with the focus on basic accounting modules and fundamental accounting-based applications.
The Nexus between Economic Liberalisation and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from ASEAN, China, and India
Authors: Selvarajan Sonia Kumari
Published: March 2023

The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of economic liberalisation on economic growth. This paper also explores the relationship between trade and financial liberalisation. The analysis focuses on all ASEAN countries as well as China and India. Using the Generalised Method of Moment (GMM) dynamic panel data analysis, this paper finds that economic liberalisation is significantly related to economic growth in ASEAN6 and CLMV. For ASEAN, China, and India as a whole, trade openness has no significant impact on economic growth. However, a strong financial growth nexus exists. In ASEAN6 and CLMV, the results indicate that economic liberalisation leads to economic growth
Role of Market Complexity, Skills and Perceived Usefulness on the Marketing Support Services
Authors: Yusoff Mohd Nor Hakimin , Ibrahim Mohamed Dahlan
Published: March 2023

This study aims to examine the relationships between managing market complexity, skills, and frequency of usage of marketing support services. The research was conducted through a structural equation modeling using data from 67 SMEs that operate in Malaysia. To analyze and interpret the result, a measurement model and a structural model were utilized for the main constructs ? managing market complexity, skills, perceived usefulness, and the usage of marketing support services. This study found that owners, who are facing difficulties in managing their businesses, which are focused on market complexity, are more frequent users of the marketing support services. In terms of skills, SMEs with longer experience are lesser users of the marketing support services. The results from the moderator analysis failed to validate that perceived usefulness affects the relationship between managing market complexity and the frequency of usage as well as skills. The results of this study can prove to SMEs that frequent use of marketing support services can help in dealing with market complexity. The role of perceived usefulness should not be sidelined by service providers as it may have a negative impact in the long run. The findings will be of interest to researchers, policy makers, and service providers.
Influence of Organizational Culture on Employees' Performance: Evidence from Oman
Authors: Mohd Isa Mohd Faizal , Ugheoke Solomon Ozemoyah , Wan Mohd Noor Wan Shakizah
Published: March 2023

In a knowledge-based environment, the employee's performance has remained a popular demand in all sectors. All types of organizations have realized that workplace value makes businesses flourish. The aim of this paper is to examine the role of organizational culture on an employee's performance within the context of public sector organizations. Data were collected from 250 employees using a questionnaire based on a well-known and extensively used measurement tool developed by Wallach. From the result, two out of the three cultural dimensions identified in this study are found to have a significant positive influence on an employee's performance. This paper contributes to the understanding of organizational culture by providing empirical evidence from a public sector organization in Oman. As a future research direction, we highlight the need for studies on cultural research to examine other types of culture applicable within the public sector domain using a larger sample.
Satisfaction of Goals Attainment and Intention to Restructure among Malaysian SME Entrepreneurs?
Authors: Hanafiah Mohd Hizam , Yousaf Sh. Usman , Che Senik Zizah
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurs' future directions such as intention to restructure may serve as an important indicator in ensuring sustainability and growth of entrepreneurial businesses. Based on the theoretical foundation of Entrepreneur's Goals Attainment Theory, this research empirically investigates the influence of personal goals attainment on entrepreneurs? intentions to restructure. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data from 285 conveniently selected Malaysian SME entrepreneurs. The Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analyses of data show that entrepreneurs' attainment of intrinsic rewards, economic gains, goals, and level of education are significant and positively related to their intention to restructure. In contrast, it is found that the attainment of perceived autonomy goals and family goals do not have a relationship with the entrepreneurs' intentions to restructure their businesses. The concluding part of this paper presents the study's implications along with limitations and several future recommendations.
Effect of Performance-Based Pay on Employees' Outcomes
Authors: Salim Siti Salwa , Ismail Azman
Published: March 2023

Based on past research that discussed the system of pay within an organization, participation and performance appraisal are two important elements in a performance-based pay. The ability of managers to implement these two important elements may influence job satisfaction and organizational commitment among employees. Hence, this study was carried out to test the connection between performance-based pay against job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Employees at the Department of Fire and Rescue in Selangor and Putrajaya were chosen as the sample in this study. The outcome of the SmartPLS model analysis demonstrates that participation and performance appraisal play an important role as a determinant of an employee's job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Discussion, implication, and conclusion have been provided in this study.
Influence of Individual Characteristics in Predicting Mobile Commerce Usage Activities' Continuance Intention
Authors: Luqman Azyanee , Che Razak Razli , Ismail Mohammad , Mohd Alwi Mohd Afifie
Published: March 2023

There are relatively few prior post-adoption studies that delineate the influence of individual characteristics on mobile commerce usage activities. Due to that, this article aims to examine the continuance intention of mobile commerce usage activities among Malaysian consumers by enhancing the original Expectation-Confirmation Model (ECM) framework. Apart from maintaining the perceived usefulness construct, the research framework was extended by incorporating individual characteristics construct, which comprise three factors, namely personal innovativeness, expertise, and self-efficacy. Data was collected from 632 consumers and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares structural equation modelling technique. Findings revealed that the individual characteristics construct is secondary to satisfaction and a better predictor compared to perceived usefulness in explaining 33.3% of the variance in continuance intention. Among the three individual characteristics' factors, self-efficacy denotes the highest beta value strengths, followed by expertise, and personal innovativeness. Therefore, mobile commerce application developers should focus on designing applications that would satisfy the consumers' expectations as well as take consumers? individual characteristics into consideration owing to the fact that consumers' differences change over time. Gaining a better understanding of consumers' individual characteristics would be valuable and beneficial for the providers of mobile commerce in constructing effective marketing strategies to promote continued use among the consumers.
An Empirical Examination of Marketing Mix Elements and Customer Perceived Value in Retail Industry
Authors: Hanaysha Jalal Rajeh
Published: March 2023

This paper is designed to examine the effects of marketing mix elements on customer perceived value in the retail industry in Malaysia. The data were collected from 278 visitors of department stores in East Coast Malaysia using the survey method. The data were analyzed with SPSS and structural equation modelling after receiving the responses from the participants. The findings show that marketing mix elements have significant positive effects on perceived value. Specifically, it is found that advertising and distribution intensity have positive and significant effects on perceived value. Additionally, the outcomes indicate that price and store location have significant positive effects on customer perceived value. Finally, the results confirm that store image plays a significant role in affecting customer perceived value. These findings improve our understanding of the importance of the selected marketing mix elements in affecting customer perceived value in retail industry settings.
The Impact of Website Effectiveness towards Online Repurchase Intention
Authors: Hong Lu Man , Wan Zulkifli Wan Farha , Hamsani Nurul Hasliana , Md. Shuaib Azlinda Shazneem
Published: March 2023

Internet shopping has become a current trend and it is growing rapidly around the world. Online shopping has become the main market channel from online retailers or marketers as it is convenient and mainly accepted by the Generation Y. Based on purchasing behavior for each generation group towards online shopping, it can be defined that Generation Y is highly acceptable towards online shopping activities compared to other generations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the impact of website effectiveness towards online repurchase intention among Generation Y online consumers in Malaysia. The AIPD model can be an integrative way to evaluate domestic and international websites? strategies and be a motivation for consumers especially Generation Y to adopt online shopping. Therefore, the elements of the APID model which are attracting, informing, positioning, and delivering have been selected as the four independent variables in this study. A quantitative research was utilized in this study and data was collected by distributing 100 questionnaires to online shopping consumers among the Generation Y in Malaysia. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Data analysis methods carried out in this study are Descriptive Analysis, Pilot test (Cronbach?s Alpha), Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and Multiple Regression. The findings show that four independent variables are related to online repurchase intention among Generation Y online consumers in Malaysia. Besides, online consumers from the Generation Y in Malaysia regard delivering as the most influential factor in online repurchase intention among online shopping activities.
Economic Growth in Malaysia: A Causality Study on Macroeconomics Factors
Authors: Abang Abdul Rahman Dayang Hummida , Majidi Nuzaihan , Huwaina Fatin , Harun Nurul Farhana Aini , Kasuma Jati
Published: March 2023

The volatile state of economic growth has long been the theme of studies among researchers. Past findings associate a number of factors behind the fluctuation in economic growth in varying degrees. In this study, four macroeconomic variables, namely oil prices, foreign direct investment (FDI), exports, and inflation are particularly selected to test their relationship and impact on the economic growth of Malaysia, as measured using Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By utilizing time series data from 1976 to 2016, a series of empirical analysis including the Augmented-Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Peron (1988) unit root assessment, Johansen and Juselius test of cointegration and Granger causality analysis are employed to assess the direction of impact and long-run relationships between the variables. Our findings reveal there is a long-run impact among them. While oil prices, foreign direct investment, and export are significant to influence economic growth, there is no indication of causality between inflation on any of the variables.
Social Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in Pampanga, Philippines
Authors: G. Lacap Jean Paolo
Published: March 2023

The study aims to investigate the social entrepreneurial intentions of university students in Pampanga, Philippines. Particularly, it scrutinizes the significant differences in the respondents? social entrepreneurial intentions when grouped based on five (5) demographic factors namely: nationality, age, year level, sex, and exposure to student leadership. The participants of the study were randomly selected from three (3) private higher education institutions, one (1) state university, and one (1) local college in Pampanga, Philippines. All these five (5) higher education institutions offer business and entrepreneurship curricular programs. A descriptive research design was used in the study and Mann- Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were employed to examine the research hypotheses. The results revealed that the students? nationality and age showed no statistical significant difference with their social entrepreneurial intentions. On the other hand, sex, year level, and exposure to student leadership reflected significant differences with social entrepreneurial intentions. The findings suggest that nationality and age are insignificant factors affecting the respondents? social entrepreneurial intentions while sex, year level, and exposure to student leadership are significant variables. Implications of the study and the directions for future research were also identified.
Food and Non-food Expenditure Trends Among the Poor and Needy in Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Ali Ahmad Fahme , Ibrahim Mohd Faisol , Ab. Aziz Muhammad Ridhwan
Published: March 2023

This article attempts to analyze the food and non-food expenditure among the poor and needy zakat recipients in Kelantan, Malaysia, which holds the lowest quartile of poor population. This study is motivated by the lack of concern in providing the perfect amount of food and non-food items in zakat distributions as a poverty alleviation program for these groups. The difference between food and non-food expenditure that does not reflect the true expenditure among the poor and needy can make poverty alleviation (zakat distribution) ineffective. The Kelantan state was selected because of their achievement of being among the highest zakat fund collectors and distributors (fourth in Malaysia and the highest among the government zakat agencies) (MAIK, 2014). Conversely, the state of Kelantan also has among the highest number of poor and needy in Malaysia (EPU, 2014). A sample of 505 households from the 2014 Household Expenditure Survey (HES) among the poor and needy zakat recipients in Kelantan is used in this study. Descriptive statistics is used to profile the pattern of household expenditure on food and non-food items, expenditure patterns of food and non-food items across poverty status and an estimation of the effects of household characteristics on food and non-food expenditures. Household characteristics include age, region (rural/urban), gender, size, and household head?s marital status. The findings show that the expenditure pattern among the poor and needy is different based on food and non-food items? shares. The result of this study indicates that not all poor and needy in Kelantan spend most of their expenditure on food items. Thus, applying the same higher food items on each poor and needy household would overstate the food expenditure and devalue the cost of non-food items. Therefore, it will create a flawed poverty line which will further create a flawed poverty assessment.
Financial and Non- Financial Key Competitiveness Indicators (KCIs) for New Small-Medium Private ousing Development Firms From the Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Mat Zin Normayuni , Mohamad Mohd Rosli
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to identify the key competitiveness indicators (KCIs) for new small-medium housing development firms within the starting period of the operation. Through mean analysis of surveys from 49 top level management of small-medium housing development firms in the East Coast Region of Peninsular Malaysia, this study identified and ranked 13 indicators which are a combination of financial and non-financial KCIs for the new small-medium sized housing developers. The finding shows that the highest rank is an indicator of the relationship with the local authority/ government/ planning department/ banks/ customers, followed by indicators of entrepreneurial values, strategic partners, increase of sales, cash flow, expansion of finance channels and cash liquidity, scientific and rational use of capital budgeting and planning capabilities, profitability, investment analysis and orientation in the project feasibility stage, conducting sensitive risk prediction, assessment and response capacity, housing policy information and information channels, diverse range of capital, and lastly land reserves. The firms essentially identify and understand their KCIs in order to survive for the long-term whereby the successful survival of these firms may improve the healthy development of the industry. Lastly, this empirical finding can recommend to the top level management of small- medium firms that to fully utilize their internal and external firm resources in order to achieve and gain more competitive advantages.
Effects of Authentic Leadership on Work Engagement and Employee Turnover Intention in Malaysia Call Centres
Authors: Ahmad Siti Nor Bayaah , Chin Poh Kuang
Published: March 2023

One of the biggest challenges for the call centre industry is the high turnover rate. Past studies revealed that affective commitment, organisational commitment, psychological capital, job satisfaction, work environment and problematic customer behaviours were some of the contributing factors of turnover. However, authentic leadership and the role of work engagement as mediators lacked investigation for the service industry in Malaysia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of four dimensions in authentic leadership on employees' turnover intention in Malaysia call centres with work engagement as the mediating role. A total of 389 online surveys were distributed to employees working in call centres in Klang Valley and Cyberjaya. This study obtained 240 valid samples with a return rate of 60%. The results indicated that self-awareness and balanced processing of information had a significant relationship with work engagement. Work engagement was significantly related to turnover intention. Work engagement contributed as a mediator to some variables towards employees' turnover intention. Hence, leaders are encouraged to manage tasks and relational roles. Different leadership styles have their strengths and limitations which could impact the employees' engagement to the company.
Supply Chain Risks and Organisational Performance among ISO 14001 Certified Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Ibrahim Zawani , Che Razak Razli
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to investigate each dimension of supply chain risks on economic and environmental performance. This study has performed the conceptual framework of supply chain risks and organisational performance. The data were collected by distributing 30 questionnaires to manufacturing companies that achieved ISO 14001 in Malaysia. The reliability test revealed that all variables ranged from 0.806 to 0.920, and the item measures have sufficient level of reliability. The descriptive analysis revealed that environmental risk is the most frequent supply chain risks in ISO 14001 certified manufacturing company in Malaysia. Another finding showed that both economic and environmental performances, on average, were highly moderated compared to the past two years of performance. Based on the findings, the researchers and practitioners are raising knowledge about the overall ranking of each dimension in supply chain risks. The findings of this study can be beneficial for top-level management specifically for the top management in ISO 14001 certified manufacturing companies in Malaysia. They will be aware of how to mitigate the supply chain risks and how to protect the supply chain management. Future study can include the strategy or practices that can improve both economic and environmental performance by reducing the supply chain risks.
Determinants of Sterilization using a Trilemma Policy: A study in Qatar, Kuwait, Indonesia and Japan
Authors: Bahrudin Nur Zahidah , Mohd Yusoff Zetty Zahureen , Mohd Rashid Siti Norbaya , Muhamadewa Muhamad Saifullah
Published: March 2023

Trilemma policy refers to a concept of international economics that states it is impossible to gain all three variables at one time, which is also known as Mundell-Fleming framework. The trilemma policies consist of independent monetary policy, exchange rate stability, and free capital mobility. Pursuing any two of the variables will shadow the other one. Sterilization, on the other hand, reflects the policy set by Central Bank to limit the effects of inflow and outflow of capital money supply. Trilemma policy may influence sterilization, proxy by Central Bank Reserve, as the latter depends on the former. This study determined the relationship between trilemma policy and sterilization by placing focus on four nations, namely Qatar, Kuwait, Indonesia and Japan. Monthly data were gathered from 2009 to 2017. At the end of this research, the findings verified if it is “possible or not possible to maintain all the three variables in the trilemma policy to achieve a stable economic condition by way of sterilization.”
Embedding Quantitative Techniques into the Standard Operating Procedure for the Hiring of Part-time Student Workers at EDC-UUM
Authors: M. Nazri Engku , Zainol Noor Azimin , Krishnan Anath Rau
Published: March 2023

Apart from offering full-time jobs to deserving local residents, the Executive Development Centre (EDC) of Universiti Utara Malaysia provides part-time employment opportunities to their undergraduate students, particularly the students from the tourism and hospitality programme. The students are hired through short interview sessions. Based on various complaints, the EDC management realised that the outcomes from the interviews did not help in selecting the most appropriate candidates to fill in the vacancies. Therefore, this study aimed to propose an alternate procedure that combines two quantitative techniques (i.e. the simple scaling method and the 0-1 integer linear programming model) in ensuring the management will hire and assign the right positions to candidates with better justifications. This study has identified six students for the part-time jobs available in Semester 2, Session 2018/2019. Three 0-1 integer linear programming models with different objective functions were formulated and solved with the aid of LINGO Version 12. Each model derived a different set of results. Hence, the management could make their final decision by referring to the results from the model in accordance with the objective. The contributions of the study and future applications are discussed in the conclusion section.
Factors Affecting Customer’s Intention towards Purchasing Halal Collagen Beauty Drinks in Malaysia: a Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Omar Siti Nazirah , Omar Siti Radhiah , Mohd Rodzi Siti Nurul Aini , Chek Talib Nurul Azlinda , Mohd Noor Nor Hamiza
Published: March 2023

This study attempted to highlight the relationship between three factors, namely attitude, subjective norms, and knowledge of customers towards their intention to purchase Halal collagen beauty drinks. There is an increasing trend of consuming collagen beauty drink products among Malaysian women in recent years. As a Muslim nation, the sources of collagen which are mainly derived from animal parts have become a major concern for Muslim customers, especially their Halal status. In addition, the target respondents of this study were females because they are conscious of beauty and willing to buy several ranges of collagen beauty drink products in the market. The sample of the study consists of 380 Muslim female customers which were collected through self-administered questionnaires using a two-stages sampling technique. This study used a structural equation model (SEM) to develop and test the conceptual model. The results show that attitude, knowledge, and subjective norms have a significant relationship with customer purchase intention towards collagen beauty drink products.
Andaian Ketidak-Terhadan Kehendak Manusia dalam Ekonomi Islam: Analisis Berdasarkan Tasawur Islam
Authors: Muhammad Mohd Zulkifli , Abdullah Ahmad Ridhuwan , Mukhtar Dzulkifli
Published: March 2023

The assumption of the unlimited human wants (UnHW) is based on a conventional economic philosophy. Economic philosophies are often derived from theories by post-classical philosophy that founded the capitalist system and theories of Marxist. Besides that, post-Marxist philosophy founded the socialist and communist systems. Both capitalist and Marxist philosophers believe that human’s wants are unlimited. The assumptions of the UnHW are adopted by Islamic economists before being practised and assimilated into Islamic elements or also known as assumptions in Islamic economics. There is a concern whether the assumption of the UnHW is accepted in Islamic economics. If the assumption is not true, what is the assumption of human’s wants according to Islamic law? This paper intended to identify and analyse the assumptions of the UnHW based on Islamic principles. The data were obtained from library studies and this study used content and textual analyses to achieve the goal. This study found that the assumptions of the UnHW are in line with Islamic principles that can be proposed for the Islamic economy.
Kebolehgunaan Tahaluf dalam Akad Mudharabah: Pembinaan Kerangka Awal Konsep Tahaluf Iqtishadi
Authors: Mohd Rosdi Mohd Syakir , Muhammad Mohd Zulkifli , Che Tahrim Siti Nurzahira , Musa Azizah , Mohd Din Noormariana , Yusoff Mohd Nor Hakimin
Published: March 2023

Tahaluf is usually discussed from the perspective of tahaluf siyasi. Tahaluf siyasi means agreement between several parties to face the same enemy. In this study, researchers want to study beyond the norms of public thought. There is also discussion of tahaluf in politics, but in economics there is no discussion of tahaluf. Therefore, the construction of tahaluf in the economy or can be stated as tahaluf iqtishadi is important to fill in the knowledge gaps in Islamic treaties. To complete this study, this discussion focused on the agreement made in mudharabah contract. There are three focus areas, namely, security, justice and benefit. From this, it can be explained that the purpose of this study is to examine the concept of tahaluf iqtishadi based on mudharabah contract. This study uses a library research to examine the concept of tahaluf siyasi in mudharabah contract. These data were then analyzed using content analysis. As a result, there are two principles, two characteristics and six conditions of implementing tahaluf as the initial framework for the construction of the concept of tahaluf iqtishadi. These two principles are to defend the truth and to defend the covenant. The other two are the terms of the agreement and the contract is void if it is betrayed. The other six are loyalty, sincerity, wise management, stance, fellowship and confidence.
Understanding How Gastronomy Behaviours Influence the Repatronage Intention of Malaysian Muslim Tourists’ toward Japanese Street Food Vendors
Authors: Maknu Tengku  Sharifeleani Ratul , Abdul Manan Hasman , Ariffin Shahira , Mior Dzul Yadil Wan Nur Izzatie
Published: March 2023

The paper investigates the influences of gastronomy behaviours on the repatronage intention (RI) of Malaysian Muslim tourists toward Japanese street food vendors. The present literature review showcased multiple studies on street food vendors at various destinations. Despite this fact, there is a lack of information concerning Malaysian Muslim travellers and Japanese street food vendors. Notably, Malaysian Muslims love to travel to Japan due to its visa-free travel, the availability of various Muslim-friendly facilities, and its delicious street food. Street food is described as ready-to-eat food or drinks sold by hawkers or vendors in streets or any other public spaces (such as markets, fairs, or carnivals) for immediate consumption, including finger food and fast food. In general, people buy street foods because of factors such as convenience, reasonably-priced flavourful food, samples of ethnic cuisines, and nostalgia. Most importantly, street food reflects the local culture and appeals to many palates. Nowadays, savouring authentic local dishes of certain places has become a tourism trend. Moreover, statistics showed that millions of tourists have decided to revisit familiar locations to enjoy their local gastronomic culture. In fact, gastronomy is among the main factors that affect tourists’ destination choices. Based on current literature, this study theorised that gastronomy

attractiveness (GA) and past gastronomy experience (GE) indirectly affects the repatronage intention (RI) through gastronomy satisfaction (GS). Furthermore, gastronomy knowledge (GK) and gastronomy motivation (GM) are direct predictors of RI. In this study, the analyzed data showed significant relationships between GA, GE, and RI through GS and between GM and RI. However, GK and RI had an insignificant relationship.
Grafen katkılı polilaktik asit membranıyla vakum membran distilasyon ile bor giderimi
Authors: UĞUR NİGİZ Filiz , KARAKOCA Betül
Published: March 2023

Desalinasyon ve bor giderimi için membran teknolojilerine son yıllarda ilgi duyulmaktadır. Günümüzde membran bazlı ayırma prosesleri, çevre dostu olmaları ve enerji/maliyet tüketimindeki verimlilikleri nedeniyle tercih edilmektedirler. Bu yeni teknolojilerden biri de membran distilasyondur. Henüz akademik seviyede olan araştırmalar sonucunda membran distilasyon gibi ileri teknoloji ile %99,99 üzeri saflaştırma ve giderim yapmak mümkündür. Bu çalışmada, biyobozunur polimerlerden olan saf ve grafen katkılı polilaktik asit (PLA) membranlar üretilerek membran distilasyon tekniği ile sulardan bor giderimi yapılmıştır. Sıcaklığın, bor konsantrasyonunun, grafen oranının bor reddi ve su akısı değerlerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak tüm sıcaklıklarda ve tüm grafen katkılı PLA membranlarla %99 üzeri bor retleri elde edilmiştir. Özellikle grafen katkısıyla akı değerleri 13 kg/m2.h olarak elde edilmiştir.