bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maturation and detachment force for mechanized harvesting of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Santin Mateus Rollemberg , Amabile Renato Fernando , Malaquias Juaci Vitória , Veiga Adriano Delly , Brige Felipe Augusto Alves , Sala Pedro Ivo Aquino Leite
Published: February 2023

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the force required to detach fruits of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotypes in five maturation stages, to determinate the best stage for mechanized harvest, and to verify the possibility of future selections of genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Harvests were carried out in the 2013/2014 crop season, and the detachment force was determined based for six fruits from each side of the crop row, collected randomly from the middle third of the plants. The detachment force curve was obtained for each cycle through logistic regression, using the R software. According to the duration of their cycle, the genotypes were divided into super early, early, medium, and semilate; the values of the coefficients of the detachment force curve equation were also obtained. There is genetic variability regarding fruit detachment force throughout the maturation cycle, which indicates the possibility of selecting genotypes adapted to mechanized harvesting. Fruit detachment force shows a considerable drop in the final stages of maturation. The raisin stage is the best for the mechanized harvest of irrigated Conilon coffee in the Cerrado.
Ensino confessional na escola laica? Teoria política e a ADI 4.439/2017 no Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Rudas Sebastián
Published: February 2023

Resumo Com frequência entende-se que se a escola pública é laica o ensino religioso confessional não pode ser permitido. Neste artigo analiso como o Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro rejeita essa ideia, permitindo o ensino religioso confessional na escola pública. Pondero se o tribunal abriu mão de valores políticos fundamentais na ordem institucional instaurada na Constituição política, e se abandonou a função republicana presente na inclusão do ensino religioso na escola pública, adotando uma função de acordo com a qual o ensino público assiste na formação moral-religiosa dos discentes. Para apoiar esta tese identifico e avalio os quatro argumentos mais relevantes oferecidos pelo tribunal para apoiar sua decisão, a saber: o argumento facultativo, de acordo com o qual o fato do ensino confessional ser optativo garante a proteção dos valores políticos de uma democracia liberal; o argumento constitutivo, defendendo que só o ensino confessional pode ser ensino religioso; o argumento de acordo com o qual receber ensino religioso confessional é um direito básico; e o argumento histórico, que ressalta o fato de não haver razões suficientes para transformar o status quo de cooperação e reconhecimento da religião por parte do Estado. Ressalto que o ensino religioso confessional não é entendido como constitutivo da formação de virtudes democráticas, mas como assistência ao interesse das famílias em brindar educação religiosa a seus filhos e filhas. Defendo, portanto, que o tribunal não abriu mão da escola laica, mas tomou distância de uma concepção da escola laica que propõe a formação cidadã, e não a formação religiosa ou moral, como um dos seus propósitos fundamentais.
Contribution of geosynthetic to the shear strength of geosynthetic encased stone columns
Authors: Ji M. , Wang J. , Zheng J.-J. , Zheng Y.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a numerical study to evaluate the contribution of geosynthetic to the shear strength of geosynthetic encased stone column (GESC) under direct shear loading conditions. The backfill soil was characterised using the linearly elastic–plastic Mohr–Coulomb model. The geosynthetic encasement was simulated using linearly elastic liner elements. The interaction between the geosynthetic encasement and soils on both sides was modelled through two interfaces. The three-dimensional numerical model was validated using experimental data from direct shear tests of GESC models. The shear stress–strain response and the development of longitudinal and circumferential strains of GESC during the shear process were first discussed, and then a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of various design parameters on the shear strength of GESC and the contribution of geosynthetic. Results indicate that the shear resistance provided by the geosynthetic encasement develops slowly, which depends on the mobilisation of tensile strains. At the failure condition, the longitudinal strains are larger than the circumferential strains, which indicates that the longitudinal tensile rupture is more critical for GESC under shear loading. The vertical stress, geosynthetic encasement stiffness and stone column diameter and spacing have the most important influences on the shear strength contribution of geosynthetic encasement.
Drivers of Post-pandemic Inflation in Selected Advanced Economies and Implications for the Outlook
Authors: Cascaldi-Garcia Danilo , Orak Musa , Saijid Zina
Published: February 2023

With the reopening of economies from strict COVID-19 lockdowns and the war-induced sharp increases in food, energy, and other commodity prices, headline inflation has surged globally, as shown for a few selected advanced economies by the black line in the left panel of figure 1. Core inflation (the dashed red line) has also risen sharply and has become increasingly persistent across these economies.
Balance Sheet Policies in an Evolving Economy: Some Modelling Advances and Illustrative Simulations
Authors: Gagnon Etienne , Kim Kyungmin , Chung Hess , Hebden James , Schlusche Bernd , Till Eric , Trevino James , Vilán Diego
Published: February 2023

Once considered "unconventional," balance sheet policies have become an integral part of the toolkit of many central banks. Increased reliance on balance sheet policies reflects in part a decline in the neutral level of interest rates, which limits central banks' ability to cut their policy rates to support the economy during downturns, and many observers expect that neutral level to remain low relative to its historical average in the coming decades.
A note on industry concentration measurement
Authors: Decker Ryan , Williams Jacob
Published: February 2023

Industry concentration—the share of sales or output accounted for by the largest firms within an industry—has received widespread attention recently, in part because concentration has generally risen in recent decades (figure 1). Measurement challenges are at the core of concentration-based inquiry: industry sales concentration is one of the lowest-frequency business statistics produced by the U.S. statistical agencies, with concentration data being released only twice per decade as part of the Economic Censuses.
Does Private Equity Over-Lever Portfolio Companies?
Authors: Haque Sharjil
Published: February 2023

Detractors have warned that Private Equity (PE) funds tend to over-lever their portfolio companies because of an option-like payoff, building up default risk and debt overhang. This paper argues PE-ownership leads to substantially higher levels of optimal (value-maximizing) leverage, by reducing the expected cost of financial distress. Using data from a large sample of PE buyouts, I estimate a dynamic trade-off model where leverage is chosen by the PE investor. The model is able to explain both the level and change in leverage documented empirically following buyouts. The increase in optimal leverage is driven primarily by a reduction in the portfolio company's asset volatility and, to a lesser extent, an increase in asset return. Counterfactual analysis shows significant loss in firmvalue if PE sub-optimally chose lower leverage. Consistent with lower asset volatility, additional tests show PE-backed firms experience lower volatility of sales and receive greater equity injections for distress resolution, compared to non PE-backed firms. Overall, my findings broaden our understanding of factors that drive buyout leverage.
Self-Fulfilling Debt Crises with Long Stagnations
Authors: Ayres Joao , Navarro Gaston , Nicolini Juan Pablo , Teles Pedro
Published: February 2023

We assess the quantitative relevance of expectations-driven sovereign debt crises, focusing on the Southern European crisis of the early 2010’s and the Argentine default of 2001. The source of multiplicity is the one in Calvo (1988). Key for multiplicity is an output process featuring long periods of either high growth or stagnation that we estimate using data for those countries. We find that expectations-driven debt crises are quantitatively relevant but state dependent, as they only occur during stagnations. Expectations are a major driver explaining default rates and credit spread differences between Spain and Argentina.
Coleophoridae in the spotlight I. : On some aspects of the biology of Coleophora impalella Toll, 1961 (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae)
Authors: Takács Attila , Szabóky Csaba , Bozsó Miklós , Lendvai Gábor
Published: February 2023

Eggs, larval stages and young cases of Coleophora impalella Toll, 1961, a little known East-European species of Coleophoridae (Lepidoptera), are documented for the first time based on a rearing experiment.
Low-current discharge in a flow of argon at atmospheric pressure under the formation of metal atoms: electric and optical characteristics
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Beloplotov D.V. , Bugaev A.S. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Gushenets V.I. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Nikolaev A.G. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Nikonenko A.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS; Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Savkin K.P. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Sorokin D.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS; National Research Tomsk State University, Cherkasov A.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Shandrikov M.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of the current-voltage characteristics and optical emission spectra of plasma of a atmospheric pressure pulsed discharge plasma at a frequency of several tens of kilohertz and a pulse duration of up to 10 μs, in the mode of generation of plasma flows containing metal particles. The features of the plasma generator conclude in combination of the design of electrodes, as well as the modes of electric and gas supply of the discharge system. The cathode is a crucible containing a melting insert which allows the discharge operation in a low-current form with a current of 40 mA to 1 A, at a sufficiently high voltage of 150 to 200 V, without transition to arc discharge mode. Such parameters make it possible to generate atomic flows of a melting cathode insert, which are blown out by a jet of working argon gas, pumped at a flow rate of 1 l/min, outside the discharge system. The entry of a metal component into a gas-discharge plasma affects the parameters of the discharge operation, as well as the properties of its optical emission. In the context of this phenomenon, the spectral distributions of the intensity of optical radiation corresponding to the lines of magnesium, indium, and zinc were investigated, as well as their time dependence during the current pulse period operation, in relation to the identification of physical features leading to stable generation of flows of metal atoms at atmospheric pressure.
Plasma generation in a high-current glow discharge with a hollow cylindrical cathode using two electron sources
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Ostroverkhov E.V. , Denisov V.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Kovalskiy S.S. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

Experimental distributions of plasma parameters in the volume of a hollow cathode of a high-current non-self-sustaining low-pressure glow discharge supported by electron injection from one and two electron sources located on the upper and lower bases of the cylindrical hollow cathode are obtained. A plasma source based on an arc discharge with an integrally cold hollow cathode is used as an electron source. The possibility of applying the superposition principle to predict the distribution of plasma concentration in the hollow cathode of a high-current, low-pressure glow discharge with two electron sources is investigated. The distributions of plasma parameters were measured at arc discharge currents of 20 and 45 A and at glow discharge currents up to 200 A. With an increase in arc discharge currents by about 2 times, from 20 to 45 A, the accuracy of the superposition principle decreases. The maximum degree of inhomogeneity of the plasma concentration when two sources of electrons with currents of 20 A were turned on in the longitudinal direction was 25%, in the radial direction - 52%, the maximum discrepancy between the inhomogeneity coefficients for the experimental distribution and the distribution obtained as a result of summing the data obtained with separate operation of electron sources, amounted to 8%. When two sources of electrons with currents of 45 A were switched on, the maximum inhomogeneity in the longitudinal direction was 8%, in the radial direction 34%, and the maximum mismatch of the inhomogeneity coefficients was 25%.
Edge luminescence of diamonds at temperatures from 80 to 800 K
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS, Ripenko V.S. ,   National Research Tomsk State University, Burachenko A.G. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS; National Research Tomsk State University, Peresedova D.A. ,   Tomsk State University, Lipatov E.I. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics SB RAS; National Research Tomsk State University
Published: February 2023

The paper studies the temperature decay of the edge luminescence of diamonds synthesized by the temperature gradient method in the temperature range from 80 to 800 K. It is shown that, depending on the quality of the manifestation spectrum, the temperature dependence of the exciton peak at 235 nm changes.
Powerful pulsed titanium ion beams formation of submillisecond duration from vacuum arc plasma
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Ryabchikov A. I. , Dektyarev S.V. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Korneva O.S. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Vakhrushev D.O. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

The development of a method to improve performance properties of various materials, based on the synergy of high-intensity ion implantation and simultaneous energy impact on the surface, is aimed at creating deep ion-doped layers. Repetitively-pulsed high-power density beams of metal and gas ions with submillisecond duration are required to implement this method. This article presents the results of experimental studies on the forming pulsed high-intensity titanium ion beams from vacuum arc plasma. The effect on focusing and transport efficiency of the cell sizes of the grid focusing electrode in the form of a part of a sphere has been studied. The possibility of ballistic focusing of a titanium ion beam with a pulse duration from 150 to 500 μs with a power density of up to 100 kW/cm2 has been experimentally shown.
Modification of the surface of a tungsten carbide composite material by electron-ion-plasma methods
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Teresov A.D. , Denisova Yu.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Skosyrsky A.B. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS; National Research Tomsk State University, Denisov V.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Leonov A.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Petrikova E.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The surface of a porous tungsten carbide pseudoalloy of the WC-WCoNiFe system has been modified by a pulsed electron beam and the method of combined electron-ion-plasma, which includes vacuum arc deposition of a film from VT1-0 titanium alloy (1 μm) and subsequent pulsed electron-beam processing of the"coating/substrate" system. Optimal modes of pulsed electron-beam processing were found depending on the energy density in the pulse (40-65 J/cm2) and the pulse duration (150-200 µs). It is shown that electron-beam surface treatment of a material of this class under optimal conditions of electron-beam processing makes it possible to increase the microhardness of the surface layer by 15% relative to the initial material. Using the methods of X-ray phase analysis, it was revealed that the increase in microhardness is due to the formation of the W2C phase in the surface layer and a decrease in the amount of the binder (WCoNiFe). It is concluded that the combined electron-ion-plasma treatment of a porous tungsten carbide pseudoalloy of the WC-WCoNiFe system makes it possible to form a modified layer with a minimum number of pores and cracks on the surface.
Electron-beam surface treatment of metal materials produced by additive method
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Teresov A.D. , Petrikova E.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Ivanov Yu.F. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Krysina O.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Prokopenko N.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

A method for finishing the surface of metal materials manufactured by additive technologies with an intense pulsed electron beam, which can be an alternative to traditional processing methods is presented. The optimal irradiation modes for VT6 titanium alloy specimens produced by metal powder fusion and 308LSi stainless steel specimens produced by electron beam welding are determined. It is shown that the presented processing method leads to a visual decrease in porosity and a multiple decrease in the surface layer roughness (by 20 times (Ra)) of VT6 titanium alloy manufactured by an additive method. The surface roughness of 308LSi stainless steel specimens fabricated by electron beam welding decreases to 2.1 times in the longitudinal direction, to 5.2 times in the transverse relative to the surfacing plane. It is shown that the elemental composition, strength and tribological properties of the specimens do not change during irradiation in optimal modes. Tensile testing of irradiated specimens revealed an increase in tensile strength by 12%, ductility by 10% (VT6) and anisotropy of mechanical properties depending on the direction of tension relative to the surfacing plane (308LSi).
Self-triggering circuit for a pulse thyratron switch in a pulse voltage generator
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yudin A.S. , Martemyanov S.M. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

The paper describes a self-triggering circuit for a TDI4-200k/50SN thyratron operating as part of a high-voltage pulse generator built on the basis of a pulse transformer. Thyratrons of this series have a number of advantages. They allow switching current up to 200 kA with a frequency of up to 300 pulses per second, do not require maintenance, are produced in versions with a heated cathode and instantaneous readiness. Also, if there are no strict requirements for the turn-on delay, these thyratrons are not too demanding on the parameters of the triggering pulse. This allows one to implement a fairly simple and not demanding to the element base scheme for their triggering. The peculiarity of the proposed self-triggering circuit is its complete autonomy, automatic generation of a triggering pulse at the moment of the maximum voltage value on the main capacitance, as well as simplicity and reliability. It is shown that the triggering time delay and the triggering time jitter of the thyratron do not exceed 1.6 µs and 0.6 µs, respectively.
Investigation of the process of formation of superconducting coatings of Nb3Sn by magnetron sputtering for accelerators
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurjev Yu.N. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of SB RAS, Bordulev Yu.S. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kharisova A.E. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Selezneva T.V. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Savelev A.I. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kazimirov A.I. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The article considers some regularities of the formation of niobium stannide coatings during their deposition by magnetron sputtering using a stoichiometric target. The optimal mode of operation of the magnetron source is determined, the element-phase composition, the microstructure of the formed films, as well as their change in the process of high-temperature annealing are investigated. The research results indicate that the coatings optimal in terms of elemental and phase composition were obtained in the deposition mode at an argon pressure in the working chamber of 0.3 Pa and a high-vacuum annealing temperature of 800 °C.
Formation of intermetal coatings using tin and niobium plasma by magnetron sputtering
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Yurjev Yu.N. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of SB RAS, Kharisova A.E. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Selezneva T.V. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Savelev A.I. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kazimirov A.I. ,   V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

Some regularities in the formation of niobium-tin coatings using magnetron sputtering have been studied. The coatings were obtained both by layer-by-layer and simultaneous deposition from two plasma sources. The optimal mode of operation of the magnetron source was determined to ensure the surface concentration of tin at the level of 19-26 at.%. The elemental composition and microstructure of the obtained films have been studied. A study was made of the structural-phase composition after annealing of the samples in a high-vacuum furnace at a temperature of 800°C. The research results indicate the formation of an intermetallic phase of triniobium stannide, while the best results in terms of the expected superconducting properties were obtained in the mode of simultaneous coating deposition.
Influence of the gas type on the electrical strength of the accelerating pro-gap of the fore-vacuum plasma source of electrons
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Burdovitsin V.A. , Bakeev I. Y.U. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Karpov K.I. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Ngon A Kiki L.J. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Oks E.M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics; Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

The electrical strength of the accelerating gap of a fore-vacuum plasma electron source is compared for different working gases: argon, nitrogen, oxygen, and helium. The dependences of the limiting electron emission current, above which breakdown occurs, on the voltage across the accelerating gap are presented. It has been established that the limiting emission currents are determined by the thickness of the emission electrode, the diameter of the holes in it, as well as the gas type and pressure. It has been established that for all gases the limiting emission currents decrease with increasing pressure. The limiting pressures, when exceeded, breakdown occurs, decrease in the series: helium, oxygen, nitrogen, argon. For different experimental conditions, the dependences of the limiting emission currents on the accelerating voltage can be both monotonically growing and containing an extremum.
Features of nitriding of the surface of a small-modulus toothed crown in pulsed-periodic gas beam-plasma formation at low pressure
Authors:   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Denisov V.V. , Denisova Yu.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Ostroverkhov E.V. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Lekanov A.V. ,   Joint Stock Company "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M. F. Reshetnev", Leonov A.A. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Koval N.N. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Sadriev R.A. ,   Joint Stock Company "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M. F. Reshetnev", Tishchenko V.N. ,   Institute of High Current Electronics of SB RAS, Ulybushev E.A. ,   Joint Stock Company "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M. F. Reshetnev", Cherepanov D.A. ,   Joint Stock Company "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M. F. Reshetnev"
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of a study of the homogeneity of the thickness of the modified layer on the surface of a tooth crown made of structural steel 38Cr2MoAl with a tooth modulus m = 0.5 and the number of teeth 14, obtained as a result of ion-plasma nitriding in a beam-plasma formation generated in a stationary and pulse-periodic non-self-sustained glow discharge with a hollow cathode at low, about 1 Pa, pressure. The thicknesses of the nitrided layer at the top and at the base of the tooth obtained at the discharge pulse duty cycle γ = 100, 85, and 50%. It is shown that the minimum difference in the thickness of the nitrided layer, which is about 6%, is characteristic of the regime with a discharge pulse filling coefficient γ = 85%. Gas beam-plasma formations formed at low pressure are promising in the processes of ion-plasma nitriding of parts of complex shape.
Multi-element nitride coatings of quasi-equiatomic composition synthetized by the ion-plasma method
Authors:   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Ivanov Yu.F. , Akhmadeev Yu.H. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Koval N.N. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Shugurov V.V. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Petrikova E.A. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Krysina O.V. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Prokopenko N.A. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS, Tolkachev O.S. ,   Institute of high current electronics of SB RAS
Published: February 2023

Multi-element nitride coatings of quasi-equiatomic composition (NbMoCrTiAl)N and (NbZrCu-TiAl)N are synthesized by deposition on a substrate in vacuum from a multicomponent gas-metal plasma. This plasma was generated by simultaneous independent vacuum-arc evaporation of the cathodes of the selected elements in the regime with plasma assistance in a nitrogen atmosphere. It has been established that the synthesized coatings are single-phase materials with a face-centered cubic crystal lattice. For the coating composition (NbZrCuTiAl)N, the crystal lattice parameter was a = 0.44288 nm, and for (NbMoCrTiAl)N it was a = 0.40540 nm. The formed nitride coatings have a nanocrystalline multilayer structure. The microhardness of the coatings depends on the concentration and type of chemical elements, nitrogen pressure in gas-metal plasma. The microhardness reaches 43 GPa for the (NbMoCrTiAl)N coating and 46.5 GPa for the (NbZrCuTiAl)N coating.
Study of the magnetization and curie temperature of LiZn ferrite synthesized by the electron-beam heating from mechanically activated reagents
Authors:   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Lysenko E.N. , Vlasov V.A. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Surzhikov A.P. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Ghyngazov S.A. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: February 2023

In this work, the magnetization of Li0.4Fe2.4Zn0.2O4 lithium-zinc ferrite, synthesized by electron-beam heating of a mechanically activated mixture of Fe2O3-Li2CO3-ZnO initial reagents, was studied by measuring the specific saturation magnetization and the Curie temperature. Mechanical activation of the initial reagents was carried out at different times using a planetary mill and a steel set. The grinding rotation speed was 1290 and 2220 rpm. To heat the samples during the synthesis, an ILU-6 pulsed accelerator with an electron energy of 2.4 MeV was used. The synthesis temperatures were 600 and 750 °C, the synthesis time did not exceed 120 minutes. It was established that preliminary grinding of samples at 2220 rpm followed by electron beam heating at 750 °C for 120 minutes leads to the formation of the main amount of ferrite with the desired chemical formula. This is confirmed by the data on the specific saturation magnetization of 80 emu/g and the nominal value of the Curie temperature of 500 °C. The use of this mode allows to significantly reduce the ferrite synthesis temperature in comparison with traditional ceramic technology.
On melting thresholds of the film-substrate system under irradiation with a low-energy high-current electron beam
Authors:   Tomsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Markov A.B. , Solovyov A.V. ,   Tomsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The effect of film material thermal conductivity on the melting threshold of the film-substrate system depending on the film thickness during a low-energy high-current electron beam (LEHCEB) irradiation was analyzed based on the numerical solution of the one-dimensional unsteady heat equation with a volumetric thermal source. Experimentally obtained oscillograms of the beam current at the collector and the accelerating voltage were used to simulate the heating source. Numerical variations of the film thermal conductivity were carried out within a wide range, overlapping the entire range for real materials. The dependence of the melting threshold of a homogeneous material on thermal conductivity was determined. The general regularities of the behavior of film and substrate melting thresholds depending on the film thickness were also established.
Investigation of promising heat-resistant coatings of the Y-Al-O and Ti-Al-C systems
Authors:   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Maslov A.A. , Nazarov A.Yu. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ramazanov K.N. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Syrtanov M.S. ,   National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Khusainova A.M. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Tulina A.A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Nikolaev A.A. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Vardanyan E.L. ,   Ufa State Aviation Technical University
Published: February 2023

The paper describes the results of studies of the phase composition of heat-resistant coatings based on the Ti-Al-C system and the Y-Al-O system using X-ray diffraction analysis. Coatings were deposited on molybdenum samples by cathodic-arc deposition from two single-component titanium and aluminum cathodes in acetylene and argon gas mixture. The results of the study of the phase composition showed that, after deposition, the coatings of both systems have an amorphous structure. After heat treatment, in the Ti-Al-C system coating the MAX phase Ti2AlC is formed as well as Ti-Al intermetallic compounds, in the coating of the Y-Al-O system, oxides Y2O3, YAlO3, Y4Al2O9 are formed.
On Connoisseurship, Art History, Infrastructure Conditionality
Authors:   National Academy of Fine Arts and Architecture, Berezyuk Taras
Published: February 2023

The text attempts to define the concept of connoisseurship («mysteztvoznavstvo») as both identified with and opposed to art history. Both categories are interdependent: a connoisseur produces knowledge, and an art historian reproduces and tests it. Here we focus on connoisseurship and art history as educational strategies that secure the reproduction of specialists in the respective fields. If art history is a part of humanities with its clearly defined methodology and theory, then connoisseurship is a practical branch of knowledge essential to basic education. If the first aims to teach future scholars, the second is aimed at future managers of creative industries: cultural makers, museum workers, curators, etc. Obviously, the use of any educational concepts in local educational institutions is an acquired form of permissions and restrictions, which are censored by systemic self-reproduction, i.e., demonstrates infrastructural conditionality — a set of socio-psychological, political, and economic factors which bring the ideal type into reality. In other words, there is a grounded gap in the integrity of the educational program and its quality in a specific area. Internal institutional life is a kind of gestalt consisting of interests, agreements, competencies, productivity, methodological tradition, and adoption. That is, under certain external factors, the teaching method or subject changes to a balanced form of mutual existence and serves as a tool for self-preservation. At the same time, it activates a problem of the professional distinction between the planes of art history and connoisseurship. The joint opposition claims regression and stagnation in one case and revival and status subordination in the other. The difficulties of overcoming both are demonstrated through particular examples. Ideally art history is the field of production of texts that refer to socio-psychological, aesthetic, artistic, political, and economic contexts. This approach was partially emulated by connoisseurship and shaped its thesaurus.
Why we should teach the History of Ukrainian art to students of Art Schools
Authors:   Lviv National Academy of Arts, Kravchenko Marta
Published: February 2023

This essay is a response to the «Reflections on the teaching of the arts in art schools. A lecture delivered on January 4, 1966» by E.H. Gombrich. It reviews his own methods of teaching art history, as well as encouraging the student to learn. I have been teaching the history of Ukrainian art at the Lviv Academy of Arts for more than 10 years, primarily for art critics (“mysteztvoznavtzi”). This year I taught it to students from creative industries (artists) for the first time and it made me rethink the way I have been doing it and adjust it. In order to motivate artists to study art history, I believe it should be taught as a process happened in very particular historical circumstances. The influence of East and West should be also taken into account as Ukrainian art did not develop in a vacuum. Ukrainian art has always been at the crossroads between East and West. Despite common misconceptions, it has not been just in the margins of Western European tradition. We still have artworks and monuments analysed through the lens of this hierarchy though. When teaching the history of Ukrainian art, I aimed at changing the way students perceive it, comparing it with Eastern and Western traditions, and analysing its strong and weak points without any reservations. And of course, I recreated the historical background behind the artworks as it is crucial to me. The context is a kind of wire that brings all artistic phenomena together. For example, when lecturing about the art of the Kyivan Rus, I tried to avoid clichés and present pre-Christian and Christian art as equally important traditions that shaped medieval Rusian art. Or, when exploring Renaissance in Ukraine, I examine how Ukrainian, Italian, Polish and German traditions were interwoven at courts, universities, cities and so forth. Another important point in teaching and researching the history of Ukrainian art is presenting it without excessive rhetoric and Soviet clichés.
THE MANIFESTATION OF ANTI-TOTALITARIAN TENDENCIES IN THE RELIGIOUS LIFE OF MODERN UKRAINE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NEO-RELIGIOUS MOVEMENT FALUN GONG)
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, TALKO Tetiana , GRABOVSKA Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, KAHAMLYK Svitlana ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, ATASHKADEH Ruslana ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: February 2023

The current phase of putin's russia's war against Ukraine is fundamentally changing world geopolitics today. Ukraine turned out to be a battlefield of civilizations based on the principles of freedom and democracy (on the one hand), totalitarianism and total disregard for human rights (on the other). Taking into account the existing and future challenges faced by warring Ukraine, it is necessary to take a close look at the neo-religious movements that are spreading on the territory of the country. In part icular, take a closer look from the point of view of totalitarian/anti-totalitarian foundations of their functioning. Such research is of unique importance due to the fact that the process of development of religious culture is directly related to the emergence of new symbolic systems, which, in turn, not only reflect changes in the field of religiosity, but also influence the formation of new contents of social existence and the state of society. And this process is especially irritating for the country, which has been in a state of ideological, and not only military, aggression by the totalitarian Putin regime for eight years. A significant number of neo-religious movements that arise and spread in the modern world testify to the development of processes of transformation of the established religious culture. Such neo-religious movements include the Falun Gong (Falun Dafa) movement, which is quite popular in today's Ukraine. This neo-religious movement attracts special attention due to the need to understand how a democratic state should build its relations with neo-religious entities, what it can afford in the process of establishing communication with believers, and what it should refrain from. The article concludes that on the way to victory over a dangerous aggressor, the anti-totalitarian social attitudes of the citizens of the warring country in all spheres of social life, in particular, in the religious sphere, are o f particular importance. In addition to traditional religiosity, neo-religious movements and organizations have become widely spread in Ukraine, to which a clear attitude has not been developed both by the authorities and the public, and by modern Ukrainian socio-humanitarian studies. Among such movements is the Falun Gong movement that came from China. Both this neo-religious movement, which is evaluated by the civilized world as anti -totalitarian and opposed to the repressive practices of the Chinese government, and other similar neo-religious movements spreading on the territory of Ukraine, require special attention, study and response from the Ukrainian general public and power structures.
PROACTIVE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL BREAKTHROUGH
Authors: Gitelman L. D. , Isaev A. P. , Kozhevnikov M. V. , Gavrilova T. B.
Published: February 2023

The article reasons the need for changing the model of management education and corresponding tools and approaches to bring them in line with the challenges of a technological breakthrough and organisational transformations in the national economy that is going through an unprecedented overhaul of global economic ties and is restricted by sanctions. The authors suggest a paradigm of proactive training that is characterised by its focus on foreseeing changes by having a breakthrough research agenda, a quick conversion of research results into the educational content, research projects and activities, the flexibility of the content and formats of the educational process. The conceptual mechanism of a system for the anticipatory training of managers has been designed; potential methodologies have been identified for building educational modules for bachelor’s and master’s degree programs. By analysing the methodologies it was possible to develop a comprehensive approach to creating high-value educational products. The article describes some of the proprietary technologies that the authors use when implementing proactive education programs in practice.

The scientific novelty of the article lies in the formulation of the training concept for managers aimed at solving complex interdisciplinary tasks of a technological breakthrough. In terms of the practical value, the article presents a mix of educational technologies for the implementation of the concept. It includes electronic proactive leaning system, conveyor of continuous competence enhancement, digital modular architecture of the learning process, “module-in-module” technology.
TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS MODELS OF RUSSIAN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Karikova A. S.
Published: February 2023

The article presents the results of the influence of digital technologies on the transformation of industrial companies’ business models and its analysis. The author has conducted a survey of industrial companies, at which point the most used advanced technologies are identified, the amount of investments and the investment pattern in digital transformation are analysed, as well as the purchase of foreign and domestic technologies, equipment and software by enterprises. The criteria for classifying digital business models used by production companies are formulated and two clusters are specified: platform-based business models and business models of “Factories of the future”. For the first time business models of digital transformation of companies in the Russian industry are specified: digital ecosystems, platforms for joint value co-creation, the introduction of a customising product, smart factory, remanufacturing and digital engineering. Digital transformation strategies used by industrial companies are specified for each cluster. The characteristics of digital transformation strategies are determined and the distribution of the strategies over manufacturing sectors are carried out.
THE LATEST DOCUMENT PERSONALIZATION TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR DETECTION METHODS
Authors: Pokule Inta
Published: February 2023

The protection of secure documents has been given great importance at all times. It doesn't even matter if it's a passport, a driver's license or an educational document, any secure document must be protected and made by a public authority. The use of forged documents costs the world billions of euros, as they can be used both to disguise one's true identity and to commit crimes. For the purpose of document protection, the modification of documents is constantly carried out, with the aim - to protect the documents of one's country as best as possible by using more innovative and high-quality methods of both production and personalization. The research will research and summarize the most innovative technologies used in the personalization process, as well as analyze the methods of technology identification.
Automatic Determination of Back Azimuth Based on a Single Mini Array for an Earthquake Early Warning System
Authors: Jung Seula , Park Jung-Ho , Seong Yun Jeong , Sheen Dong-Hoon
Published: February 2023

Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems systematically monitor ground motion and provide alerts prior to damaging shaking. However, these systems present certain challenges, which include avoiding alerts caused by false triggers or delayed alerts for earthquakes from outside the seismic network. Here, we show that an array processing approach, which is capable of identifying the propagation direction and type of seismic phase, can overcome these challenges. In this study, a new automatic array processing approach was implemented using a single mini array to determine the back azimuth and slowness of the phases for local events. Seismograms of local events with ML 2.0–4.6 that occurred in the Korean Peninsula were analyzed using three array processing methods: beam packing, frequency–wavenumber, and plane-wave fitting. In addition, a combined P-wave picking procedure was introduced, and its performance was evaluated. We developed the criteria associated with slowness range and consistency of back azimuths to determine a stable back azimuth from the three array processing methods, estimating the back azimuth of the seismic phase with more accuracy than any single method. It is expected that seismic mini arrays and the developed automatic array processing approach can be used for network EEW systems to discriminate alarms caused by false triggers. In addition, the developed approach can be used for rapid onsite and front-detection warnings using the array inside or on the outskirts of a network when combined with other estimations, such as an epicentral distance or another back azimuth.
Impactos socioespaciales de la turistificación en el Parque Nacional El Tepozteco: capital social y estrategias de organización comunitaria
Authors: Salas Benítez César Mauricio
Published: February 2023

Este artículo aborda los impactos derivados de la turistificación en el Parque Nacional El Tepozteco (PNT). Tal circunstancia  ha provocado impactos ambientales y conflictos que han generado divisiones en la comunidad: por un lado, las autoridades, empresarios y actores ligados al turismo y, por otro, la población excluida de esta actividad. Así, se examina el escenario en el que priman los conflictos de intereses, la desconfianza, la falta de credibilidad y participación ciudadana y, cómo la población afectada ha hecho uso de los elementos del capital social para generar una organización comunitaria tendiente a la mitigación de los impactos negativos y a la negociación de las pautas de esta actividad. Este trabajo revela el proceso de turistificación en Tepoztlán, e identifica las acciones que la población organizada ha desarrollado para mitigar los efectos negativos. La metodología de trabajo usada en esta investigación se basa en el estudio de caso. Los datos se compilaron desde una variedad de fuentes (cualitativas y cuantitativas), para realizar una posterior triangulación.
Monolayer heterojunction interactive hydrogels for high-freedom 4D shape reconfiguration by two-photon polymerization
Authors: Tao Yufeng , Lu Chengchangfeng , Wang Xuejiao , Xin Zhiduo , Cao Xia , Ren Yunpeng
Published: February 2023

Mimicking natural botanical/zoological systems has revolutionarily inspired fourdimensional (4D) hydrogel robotics, interactive actuators/machines, automatic biomedical devices, and self-adaptive photonics. The controllable high-freedom shape reconfiguration holds the key to satisfying the ever-increasing demands. However, miniaturized biocompatible 4D hydrogels remain rigorously stifled due to current approach/material limits. In this research, we spatiotemporally program micro/ nano (μ/n) hydrogels through a heterojunction geometric strategy in femtosecond laser direct writing (fsLDW). Polyethylene incorporated N-isopropylacrylamide as programmable interactive materials here. Dynamic chiral torsion, site-specific mutation, anisotropic deformation, selective structural coloration of hydrogel nanowire, and spontaneous self-repairing as reusable μ/n robotics were identified. Hydrogel-materialized monolayer nanowires operate as the most fundamental block at nanometric accuracy to promise high freedom reconfiguration and high force-to-weight ratio/bending curvature under tight topological control. Taking use of this biomimetic fsLDW, we spatiotemporally constructed several in/out-plane selfdriven hydrogel grippers, diverse 2D-to-3D transforming from the same monolayer shape, responsive photonic crystal, and self-clenched fists at μ/n scale. Predictably, the geometry-modulable hydrogels would open new access to massively-reproducible robotics, actuators/sensors for microenvironments, or lab-on-chip devices.