bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tres regiones, tres monedas y una sola Venezuela
Authors: Berrios Ricardo
Published: September 2024

El presente artículo muestra la experiencia en una consultoría empresarial, evaluando la viabilidad técnica y financiera de proyectos socioeconómicos en tres regiones de Venezuela: Apure Guasdualito, Bajo Caura (Aripao-Yekuana) y Cataniapo, en el estado Amazonas. El objetivo es empoderar a sectores productivos familiares y mejorar su calidad de vida. En Apure Guasdualito, se visitaron 17 comunidades agrupadas en 4 parroquias eclesiásticas, donde se abordaron 4 comunidades. La población objetivo fueron 90 familias, conformadas por personas provenientes de distintas regiones, lo que hace que la actitud hacia proyectos de desarrollo sea distinta. Estas comunidades dependen en gran parte de los conucos o siembras a pequeña escala y subsisten en medio de condiciones de pobreza. En la Región del Bajo Caura, en el municipio Sucre del estado Bolívar, se visitó Aripao, hogar de una comunidad afrodescendiente que se dedica a la pesca como actividad complementaria a la agricultura. En ambas regiones se observa la presencia de pequeños productores cuyo trabajo es fundamental para su subsistencia diaria. Además, en Apure Guasdualito se destaca la prevalencia del peso colombiano como moneda de mayor circulación debido a la continua devaluación del Bolívar y del dólar. El autor destaca la belleza geográfica de estas regiones y la amabilidad de sus pobladores, pero también resalta las condiciones de pobreza en las que viven y la importancia de impulsar proyectos socioeconómicos que les permitan mejorar su calidad de vida.
Factores extrínsecos e intrínsecos de la motivación desde la perspectiva de la Universidad Nacional Experimental “Rafael María Baralt”
Authors: Briceño Terán Yelitza Andreina
Published: September 2024

El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar los factores extrínsecos e intrínsecos de la motivación desde la perspectiva de la universidad Nacional Experimental “Rafael maría Baralt” del Estado Trujillo. Para fundamentar la variable se consideraron los aportes teóricos de autores como Chiavenato (2009), Robbins y Judge (2009), Hernández, Fernández y Baptista (2010), entre otros. El desarrollo del estudio se realizó a través de una metodología descriptiva con un diseño de campo no experimental, transeccional, siendo la población los 86 empleados que laboran en la institución, a los cuales se les aplicó censo poblacional. Para recolectar la información se elaboró un instrumento que midió la motivación contentiva de 11 ítems con escala de alternativas tipo likert. La validez de contenido se realizó mediante la técnica de juicio de tres (3) expertos. El cálculo de confiabilidad se ejecutó con la aplicación del coeficiente de Alfa de Cronbach, obteniéndose un índice de 0.80 que indica que el instrumento construido es altamente confiable. Se utilizó el análisis estadístico descriptivo proyectando como resultado para la variable motivación la ausencia de una adecuada tabulación salarial, así como ciertas deficiencias que afectan el ambiente laboral, a su vez se detectó cierto grado autoritarismo, evidenciado la insuficiente participación del personal en la gestión, la cual es una labor exclusiva de los directivos de la institución. Se recomienda un plan de acción en pro de fortalecer el ambiente laboral.
El reskilling como estrategia de formación en un mundo competitivo
Authors: Kassar Mora Zaida , Cabrera Pabón Lisbett Liliana
Published: September 2024

Las personas activas en el mercado laboral que deseen mejorar sus habilidades y destrezas deben prestar atención al concepto de reskilling, la misma trabaja sobre las habilidades existentes y nuevas a través del aprendizaje permanente. El reskilling siempre debe ir acompañado de la gestión adecuada y la inversión que hagan las empresas para su talento humano. Del mismo modo, el uso de las nuevas tecnologías en las empresas puede ofrecer interesantes ventajas en inteligencia competitiva, pero los responsables de utilizar todas estas nuevas herramientas, técnicas y métodos deben estar en continua formación. Además, el reskilling es una forma de fidelización del talento. De esta forma, el reskilling se orienta hacia la adquisición de nuevas habilidades y competencias, con el objetivo de formar profesionales para que estén preparados para nuevos retos profesionales, es decir, para trabajar en un campo diferente al que actualmente ejercen. Hay que entender que los profesionales que quieren destacarse en el mercado laboral necesitan estar familiarizados con este concepto, ya que el aprendizaje continuo es el factor diferenciador que les permite mantenerse competitivos en el mercado laboral. Además, es importante buscar la mejora continua a medida que el entorno empresarial sigue cambiando.
¿Qué estás haciendo hoy para cambiar el mundo?
Authors: Bravo Luna Maria Teresa , Paredes Baptista Karelis del Valle , Antúnez Araque Hector Alí
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se plantea la pregunta de qué se está haciendo para cambiar el mundo y destaca la importancia de una gerencia con rostro humano para minimizar los daños causados a la naturaleza, fomentando la toma de conciencia ciudadana y ecológica. Partiendo de los cambios de vida, generados a raíz de la pandemia, el cambio climático y otras amenazas a la vida humana nos obligan a mirarnos desde lo individual a lo colectivo y abordar la construcción de un mundo sobre la base del Desarrollo Humano Sustentable, enfocados en el componente economía social, para dar cumplimiento a los 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenibles propuestos por las Naciones Unidas. Se destaca el papel fundamental de las empresas en el desarrollo de los países y en la construcción de un mundo justo, productivo y responsable. Se menciona la importancia de la sostenibilidad empresarial con sentido social, que implica la satisfacción de las necesidades del presente sin poner en riesgo el futuro de las próximas generaciones y asegurar calidad de vida para todos. Se plantea el compromiso de esta generación en reinventar el sentido de los negocios y crear empresas con sentido sostenible y responsable, comprometidas con cuidar y mantener la armonía en la administración de los recursos naturales, el talento humano y la rentabilidad responsable. Se destaca la importancia de que los negocios tengan un sentido humano, ético, ecológico y social, para lograr un crecimiento económico que no deje de lado un crecimiento humano y social. En resumen, se plantea la necesidad de una gerencia con rostro humano que fomente la toma de conciencia ciudadana y ecológica, y de empresas comprometidas con la sostenibilidad empresarial con sentido social, para lograr un mundo justo, productivo y responsable.
Perspectivas del desarrollo humano sustentable en la sociedad del conocimiento
Authors: Dunn Díaz Karla Alejandra , Rivera Artigas Liliana
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se analiza, interpreta y reflexiona sobre el Desarrollo humano sustentable en la sociedad del conocimiento En la sociedad del conocimiento, el desarrollo humano sustentable se ha convertido en un concepto fundamental para enfrentar los desafíos y alcanzar un equilibrio entre el progreso social, económico y ambiental. El enfoque de desarrollo humano sustentable busca garantizar el bienestar de las generaciones presentes sin comprometer las oportunidades de las futuras. La sociedad del conocimiento se caracteriza por el papel central que desempeña la información y el conocimiento en la generación deriqueza y desarrollo. El acceso a la información y el conocimiento se ha vuelto esencial para el empoderamiento de las personas y para promover suparticipación activa en la toma de decisiones. En este contexto, el desarrollo humano sustentable busca aprovechar el potencial de la sociedad del conocimiento para mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas y fomentar un desarrollo equitativo. El desarrollo humano sustentable en la sociedad del conocimiento implica el uso eficiente de los recursos naturales y un enfoque de desarrollo económico basado en la innovación y el conocimiento. El desarrollo sostenible se basa en la idea de que la economía, el medio ambiente y la sociedad están interconectados y que es necesario encontrar soluciones integradas y equilibradas. En este sentido, la sociedad del conocimiento ofrece herramientas y oportunidades para abordar los desafíos del desarrollo humano sustentable. Las tecnologías de información y comunicación, por ejemplo, pueden mejorar la eficiencia energética, promover la educación y la participación ciudadana, y facilitar la creación y difusión de conocimiento. Sin embargo, es importante tener en cuenta que la inclusión digital y la equidad en el acceso a la información y las tecnologías son elementos clave para garantizar que todos se beneficien delpotencial de la sociedad del conocimiento.
Evaluation of a Circumference-based Prediction Equation to Assess Body Composition Changes in Men
Authors: Schuna John M. , Hilgers-Greterman Sarah J. , Manikowske Trista L. , Tucker Jared M. , Liguori Gary
Published: September 2024

This study evaluated the validity of the current U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) circumference-based prediction equation for males to detect body composition changes in comparison to air-displacement plethysmography (ADP). Body composition was assessed using ADP and the DOD equation at the beginning and end of an academic school year among 21 male (18-29 years-old) Army ROTC cadets. Body mass significantly increased (+1.8 Kg) after 9 months. Significant method by time interactions for percent body fat (percent body fat), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass were found (p = 0.022, p = 0.023, p = 0.023, respectively) as body composition changes were not tracked equally by the two methods. Regression and Bland-Altman analyses indicated a lack of agreement between methods as the DOD equation underestimated percent body fat and FM changes in comparison to ADP. Results suggest the DOD equation for males cannot adequately detect body composition changes following a small body mass gain.
Measuring Activity Energy Expenditure: Accuracy of the GT3X+ and Actiheart Monitors
Authors: McMinn David , Acharya Rijan , Rowe David A. , Gray Stuart R. , Allan Julia L.
Published: September 2024

The purpose was to determine the accuracy of the GT3X+ and Actiheart monitors for estimating energy expenditure (EE) and steps. Additionally, to investigate agreement between waist- and wrist-mounted GT3X+ EE outputs. Nineteen participants (mean age=30) completed three treadmill walking trials at self-selected slow, medium, and fast speeds while wearing two GT3X+ (waist and wrist) and an Actiheart. Activity monitor EE was compared to indirect calorimetry criterion EE using Pearson correlations and ANOVAs. A Bland-Altman plot was used to investigate agreement between GT3X+ waist- and wrist-determined EE. GT3X+ determined steps were compared to researcher-counted steps using ANOVAs. EE estimates from all monitors correlated highly with the criterion (r ranged from .72 to .82). However, the GT3X+ (waist and wrist) underestimated EE during slow walking and overestimated EE during fast walking. There were no differences among GT3X+ (waist and wrist) estimates of EE and the criterion during the medium trial. Actiheart estimated EE was not significantly different from measured EE during all trials. The Bland-Altman plot indicated that at EE rates above 4 kcal·min-1, the GT3X+ worn on the wrist underestimated EE compared to when it was worn on the waist. There were no differences between GT3X+ waist-determined steps and researcher-counted steps for all trials. GT3X+ EE correlates highly with measured EE, but has poor absolute agreement during slow and fast walking. GT3X+ step estimates are accurate across the continuum of walking speeds when waist (but not wrist) mounted. Wrist-mounted device outputs are not comparable to waist-mounted outputs. The Actiheart accurately estimates EE.
Effect of Seniors' Savoring Beliefs on Successful Aging: The Dual Mediation Effect Social Support and Ego-Integrity
Authors:   Korean Health & Behavior Analysis Association, Park Eu Kung , Park Junseong , Jung Taeyun
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the dual mediating effects of social support and ego-integration as experiences of activity in the impact of seniors' savoring beliefs on successful aging. In particular, it emphasizes the role of social support in maintaining positive savoring beliefs and developing egointegration during the aging process, exploring strategies to make old age a more meaningful period. Through this research, by understanding the psychological mechanisms and interactions of savoring beliefs, social support, and ego-integration, we aim to explore psychological, personal, and social interventions that support successful aging in seniors. The research results showed that first, the single mediating effects of social support and ego-integration in the relationship between seniors' savoring beliefs and successful aging were significant. Second, a sequential dual mediating pathway was confirmed, where seniors' savoring beliefs lead to successful aging through social support and egointegration. Based on these results, the necessity of sufficiently considering psychological intervention methods to enhance savoring beliefs, social support, and ego-integration for successful aging in seniors was discussed.
A study on cultural diversity perception : Focusing on D-gu, Seoul
Authors:   Korean Health & Behavior Analysis Association, So Yongjoon , Park Junseong , LEE Sanho
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate the current status and perception of cultural diversity in Korea. In particular, questions were asked about the expected effects of cultural diversity promotion, perceptions of discrimination by minorities, and acceptance of minority groups as family members and neighbours. To achieve the research objectives, a survey was conducted among 202 adults living in D-gu, Seoul. The results of the survey are as follows First, the average perception of the effects of promoting cultural diversity was that cultural and artistic competitiveness would be strengthened, and the average perception of the effects of promoting politics and democracy was lower. Second, when asked whether minority groups were discriminated against by the community, respondents said that there was no discrimination against youth, women, and children, but there was discrimination against LGBT, Chinese compatriots (Koreans), and foreign workers. Third, the acceptance of family members and neighbours by minority groups was lower for LGBT, Chinese compatriots (Koreans), and refugees. Based on the results of the survey, further research and implications were discussed.
A importância do estímulo motor precoce no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor da criança
Authors: Alves Lorrany Ingrid da Silveira , Bravo Julio Ribeiro Bravo Gonçalves
Published: September 2024

O desenvolvimento infantil não depende apenas da maturação do sistema nervoso central (SNC), mas também de diversos outros fatores como biológicos, simbólicos, afetivos, ambientais e contextuais. A criança é suscetível aos estímulos vindos do ambiente, o que torna essenciais as várias formas de movimentos que possam garantir o desenvolvimento e o crescimento adequados. Com isso, o objetivo proposto nesta pesquisa é compreender o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças de 0 a 6 anos, através de estímulos precoces. A natureza da pesquisa se deu de forma qualitativa, tratando-se de uma revisão de literatura realizada nos meses de fevereiro a dezembo de 2023. Primeiramente, realizou-se a leitura dos resumos e a seguir os trabalhos relevantes foram lidos na íntegra. Ao final foram selecionados seis artigos para a elaboração da discussão. Conclui-se que, a experiência motora fornece o amplo desenvolvimento do conjunto de diferentes componentes da motricidade, como o equilíbrio, a coordenação e o esquema corporal.
Abstract
Child development does not only depend on the maturation of the central nervous system (CNS), but also on several other factors such as biological, symbolic, affective, environmental and contextual. The child is susceptible to stimuli coming from the environment, which makes various forms of movement essential to ensure adequate development and growth. Therefore, the objective proposed in this research is to understand the neuropsychomotor development of children aged 0 to 6 years, through early stimuli. The nature of the research was qualitative, being a literature review carried out from February to December 2023. First, the abstracts were read and then the relevant works were read in full. In the end, six articles were selected to prepare the discussion. We conclude that motor experience provides the broad development of the set of different components of motor skills, such as balance, coordination and body schema.
Keywords: physiotherapy; child development; early stimulation.
Perfil epidemiológico e principais diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes infartados nos últimos 10 anos
Authors: Castro João Felício Corcini Magalhães de , Rodrigues Vanessa Alves da Silva
Published: September 2024

O estudo tem como objetivo traçar perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes infartados no Brasil, por meio da descrição dos principais sinais, sintomas e causas que levaram até o infarto e a realização dos principais diagnósticos de enfermagem segundo o NANDA-I. A estratégia metodológica trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, construída mediante um levantamento de dados na BVS. A pesquisa bibliográfica resultou, inicialmente, em um total de 80 artigos com os descritores Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio AND Perfil Epidemiológico e 596 com os descritores Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio AND Diagnóstico de enfermagem, chegando a 4 e 2, respectivamente ao final. Pode-se observar a prevalência na população masculina, faixa etária entre 51 e 70 anos, além de um perfil de pessoas que possuem fatores de risco a ter o IAM, os diagnósticos encontrados foramdébito cardíaco diminuído, mobilidade física prejudicada, padrão respiratório ineficaz, déficit no autocuidado, dor aguda, risco de intolerância à atividade, estilo de vida sedentário, conforto prejudicado e a ansiedade como os principais para o IAM. Portanto, através do estudo foi possível traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes infartados, além da identificação dos principais diagnósticos de enfermagem.
Abstract
The study aims to outline the epidemiological profile of heart attack patients in Brazil, by describing the main signs, symptoms and causes that led to the heart attack and making the main nursing diagnoses according to NANDA-I. The methodological strategy is an integrative literature review, constructed through a data survey in the VHL. The bibliographic research initially resulted in a total of 80 articles with the descriptors Acute Myocardial Infarction AND Epidemiological Profile and 596 with the descriptors Acute Myocardial Infarction AND Nursing Diagnosis, reaching 4 and 2, respectively at the end. It is possible to observe the prevalence in the male population, aged between 51 and 70 years, in addition to a profile of people who have risk factors for AMI, the diagnoses found were decreased cardiac output, impaired physical mobility, ineffective breathing pattern, deficit in self-care, acute pain, risk of activity intolerance, sedentary lifestyle, impaired comfort and anxiety as the main factors for AMI. Therefore, through the study it was possible to outline the epidemiological profile of heart attack patients, in addition to identifying the main nursing diagnoses.
Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Nursing diagnoses; Epidemiological profile.
Apuntes sobre la dieta de la gineta Genetta genetta en el Valle del Henares (Madrid)
Authors: Pérez-García Juan Manuel
Published: September 2024

La gineta (Genetta genetta) es un mesodepredador que se distribuye ampliamente en la Península Ibérica. En el presente trabajo se estudia la dieta de este carnívoro en los ríos Henares y Torote, en la Comunidad de Madrid, a través del análisis de excrementos durante la primavera del año 2003. Se analizaron un total de 40 excrementos de los que se identificaron 15 tipos de presas diferentes. Los micromamíferos son las presas más numerosas (33,8%) pero los conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) aportan la mayor biomasa consumida (62,35%). Su dieta se completa con aves y artrópodos y, marginalmente, frutos, plantas y restos de basura. Comparando el índice de diversidad de Shannon-Wiener de diferentes poblaciones estudiadas, se obtiene que las ginetas del valle del Henares muestran la dieta más generalista entre las poblaciones comparadas de la Península Ibérica en el mismo periodo del año.
Detecting rumors in social media using emotion based deep learning approach
Authors: Sharma Drishti , Srivastava Abhishek
Published: September 2024

Social media, an undeniable facet of the modern era, has become a primary pathway for disseminating information. Unverified and potentially harmful rumors can have detrimental effects on both society and individuals. Owing to the plethora of content generated, it is essential to assess its alignment with factual accuracy and determine its veracity. Previous research has explored various approaches, including feature engineering and deep learning techniques, that leverage propagation theory to identify rumors. In our study, we place significant importance on examining the emotional and sentimental aspects of tweets using deep learning approaches to improve our ability to detect rumors. Leveraging the findings from the previous analysis, we propose a Sentiment and EMotion driven TransformEr Classifier method (SEMTEC). Unlike the existing studies, our method leverages the extraction of emotion and sentiment tags alongside the assimilation of the content-based information from the textual modality, i.e., the main tweet. This meticulous semantic analysis allows us to measure the user’s emotional state, leading to an impressive accuracy rate of 92% for rumor detection on the “PHEME” dataset. The validation is carried out on a novel dataset named “Twitter24”. Furthermore, SEMTEC exceeds standard methods accuracy by around 2% on “Twitter24” dataset.
LDAPrototype: a model selection algorithm to improve reliability of latent Dirichlet allocation
Authors: Rieger Jonas , Jentsch Carsten , Rahnenführer Jörg
Published: September 2024

Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is a popular method for analyzing large text corpora, but it suffers from instability due to its reliance on random initialization. This results in different outcomes for replicated runs, hindering reproducibility. To address this, we introduce LDAPrototype, a new approach for selecting the most representative LDA run from multiple replications on the same dataset. LDAPrototype enhances the reliability of LDA conclusions by ensuring greater similarity between replications compared to traditional LDA runs or models chosen based on perplexity or NPMI. A key feature of LDAPrototype is its use of a novel model similarity measure called S-CLOP (Similarity of multiple sets by Clustering with LOcal Pruning). It is based on topic similarities, for which we compare the usage of measures like the thresholded Jaccard coefficient, cosine similarity, Jensen-Shannon divergence, and rank-biased overlap. The effectiveness of LDAPrototype is demonstrated through its application to six real datasets, including newspaper articles and tweets. The results show improved reproducibility and reliability in topic modeling outcomes. LDAPrototype’s approach is noteworthy for its practical applicability, comprehensibility, ease of implementation, and computational efficiency. Furthermore, the algorithm’s concept can be generalized to other topic modeling procedures that characterize topics through word distributions, making it a versatile tool in text data analysis.
Exogenous melatonin promoted seed hypocotyl germination of Paeonia ostia ‘Fengdan’ characterized by regulating hormones and starches
Authors: Li Xia , Sun Qi , Shen Qiang , Zhao Chunlei , Chen Fengzhen , Liu Yumei , Zhou Guangcan , Liu Xueqin , Kang Xiaofei
Published: September 2024

Background

Seed hypocotyl germination signifies the initiation of the life cycle for plants and represents a critical stage that heavily influences subsequent plant growth and development. While previous studies have established the melatonin (MEL; N-acetyl-5-methoxytrytamine) effect to stimulate seed germination of some plants, its specific role in peony germination and underlying physiological mechanism have yet to be determined. This study aims to evaluate the MEL effect for the hypocotyl germination of peony seeds, further ascertain its physiological regulation factors.

Methods

In this work, seeds of Paeonia ostia ‘Fengdan’ were soaked into MEL solution at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 µM for 48 h and then germinated in darkness in incubators. Seeds immersed in distilled water without MEL for the same time were served as the control group.

Results

At concentrations of 100 and 200 µM, MEL treatments improved the rooting rate of peony seeds, while 400 µM inhibited the process. During seed germination, the 100 and 200 µM MEL treatments significantly reduced the starch concentration, and α-amylase was the primary amylase involved in the action of melatonin. Additionally, compared to the control group, 100 µM MEL treatment significantly increased the GA3 concentration and radicle thickness of seeds, but decreased ABA concentration. The promotion effect of 200 µM MEL pretreatment on GA1 and GA7 was the most pronounced, while GA4 concentration was most significantly impacted by 50 µM and 100 µM MEL.

Conclusion

Correlation analysis established that 100 µM MEL pretreatment most effectively improved the rooting rate characterized by increasing α-amylase activity to facilitate starch decomposition, boosting GA3 levels, inhibiting ABA production to increase the relative ratio of GA3 to ABA. Moreover, MEL increased radicle thickness of peony seeds correlating with promoting starch decomposition and enhancing the synthesis of GA1 and GA7.
Healing Properties of Apamarga Kshara (Achyranthes aspera) in Ayurvedic Medicine: A Narrative Review
Authors: Singh Naveen , Dasar Devyani
Published: September 2024

Apamarga Kshara is a traditional Ayurvedic powder formulation composed of the herb Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) and processed alkaline materials. It is renowned in Ayurveda for its therapeutic properties and is used in various medicinal preparations to treat a range of health conditions. This blend holds promise in Ayurvedic medicine for its purported healing properties. A comprehensive analysis can shed light on its effectiveness and applications in holistic healthcare. ‘Kshara’ pertains to both ‘Paka’ (preparation) and ‘Vidhi’ (application). Its effectiveness among the sharper and auxiliary instruments is notable, as caustic alkali facilitates excision, incision, and scarification, helping to balance the three doshas and serving specific medical functions. Among the parasurgical techniques, Agni (cauterisation), Kshara (caustic alkali), and Jalauka (leeches) are all significant. However, Kshara is the most prominent because procedures such as excision and incision cannot be achieved with Agni and Jalauka. It is particularly used for targeted treatments, such as in the case of Arsha caused by Pitta dosha. The objective of present review is to compile data on the primary phytochemicals present in Apamarga Kshara and its pharmacological effects. Kshara, an Ayurvedic concoction featuring Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) and processed alkaline substances, underscores its significance in Ayurvedic healing. The approach taken in present review involves a detailed analysis of the Sushruta Samhita. Acharya Sushruta detailed the properties of Apamarga Kshara, including its abilities to cut (Chedan), pierce (Bhedan), scrape (Lekhan), dry (Shoshan), and balance the three Doshas. Apamarga Kshar is particularly effective in managing digestive disorders, skin conditions, and urinary tract infections due to its ability to neutralise excess acidity and support detoxification. The preparation involves processing the ash of the plant with specific alkaline substances, resulting in a powerful remedy with diverse medicinal applications. Apamarga Kshar is particularly effective in managing digestive disorders, skin conditions, and urinary tract infections due to its ability to neutralise excess acidity and support detoxification.
Constraints in Production and Marketing of Ginger in state of Telangana, India
Authors: Shivani Suday , Lavanya T. , Sowjanya B. , B.Savitha
Published: September 2024

Aim: The study has been taken to identify and analyze the reasons for decline in area and production of Ginger and problems faced by the farmers in cultivation of ginger in state of Telangana. By understanding these problems, the study seeks to provide insights for decline in area under Ginger cultivation and provide recommendations to the Ginger farmers to overcome the problems faced in production and marketing of ginger in study area.
Study Design:  Ex-Posto Facto research design was used for the study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Sangareddy district of Telangana, where ginger has been cultivated as a traditional crop for more than 20 years. Within the district, two mandals with the highest area under ginger cultivation were selected for the study. The study period is from 2023- 2024.
Methodology: A multi-stage random sampling technique was employed for the study, with a sample size of 60 farmers. The farmers were interviewed personally through a well-structured and pre-tested schedule and Garrett’s ranking technique was used to rank the problems.
Results: The results of the study revealed that farmers were facing problems in the production and marketing of Ginger. Incidence of pests and diseases was the major problem and ranked as the first constraint which was followed by high cost of seed and non -availability of quality seed at village level, high cost of FYM and fertilizers, labour shortage and high cost of labour during peak season, un-favourable weather conditions etc. are identified as the other major production constraints. Whereas in marketing of Ginger, high Price fluctuations was identified as the major constraint followed by high charges by commission agents, lack of market infrastructure, high marketing costs etc.
Conclusion: To increase the area under ginger and enhance the profitability of ginger farming, it is essential to address these constraints through targeted interventions and support systems. Improving market infrastructure and reducing intermediary costs are also vital steps toward stabilizing prices and boosting farmers incomes. Solving these complex issues will necessitate collaborative efforts from stakeholders throughout the agricultural value chain.
Bridging Prenatal Diagnostics and AI: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Advanced Algorithms in Identifying Congenital Fetal Abnormalities
Authors: Thatoi Priyabrata , Choudhary Rohit , Khairari Anshul , Rout Sushree Swapnil , Selvarathinam Anto LXRA
Published: September 2024

Congenital fetal abnormalities have emerged as a major cause of infant mortality globally. About 3% of pregnancies are reported as fetal structural anomaly through ultrasound, ranging from minor defect to severe organ system anomalies. Our study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in prediction of fetal heart and brain abnormalities by using meta-analysis approach. In this study, the “Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)" guidelines were applied for screening and selection of research articles. We searched the research articles according to research aims from Google scholar, PubMed, and Ovid MEDLINE. The data search was limited to January 2015 to May 2024. Two researchers independently screened the studies to detect research aim oriented studies. After screening of titles, those researchers assessed all abstract for eligibility. The risk bias of included studies was assessed by two researchers who used Cochrane library tool (version 5.4.0). Using the DerSimonian-Laird technique, a bivariate random effect model that generated SROC plots, we pooled test estimates. This method is particularly helpful in visualizing variability in the sensitivity and specificity across studies, accounting for the heterogeneity. This improves the reliability of the SROC plot, offering a clear summary of diagnostic performance Using the software RevMan 5.4, we carried out every statistical analysis, particularly heterogeneity through the Q test. About 243,456 screened fetus or pregnant women of 11-32 gestational weeks through 10 studies based on AI algorithms (machine learning, deep learning and AI diagnostic tool). The imaging protocols including ultrasound and MRI were used to take visuals of fetal brain and heart abnormalities in all of including studies. DL and ML algorithms provided high-performance diagnostic predictions, mostly include CNN models that assist in providing accurate diagnostic results with high sensitivity and specificity.  The AI algorithm model showed a generally good accuracy scores for detection of brain and heart abnormalities and reference machine learning findings, with sensitivity ranging from 82 to 99% and specificity from 78 to 99%. Fig. 5's area under the SROC curve was 0.960.  In contrast to the general detection, ML and DL seems to be more sensitive in diagnosing fetal brain and heart abnormalities. Our study provided the scientific evidence that AI models including deep learning and Machine learning are effective in generating highly reliable detection or classification results for diagnosis of fetal brain and heart anomalies. These strategies can help in reducing infant mortalities, improving treatment outcomes, and postpartum outcomes among women.
Productivity and Profitability of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Different Straw Management Options in Rice Fallows
Authors: Prasad V. , Sridevi S. , Jayasree G. , Ramana M. Venkata , Triveni S.
Published: September 2024

A fixed field plot experiment was carried out for two consecutive rabi seasons of 2022-23 and 2023-24 at Agriculture Research Station, Tornala, Telangana, India to evaluate various rice residue management options on the performance and economics of sunflower grown after dry direct sown rice. Plant height and dry matter production at different growth stages and yield attributes and yield per hectare were consistently and significantly superior in the treatments where incorporation of rice straw was done 15 days prior to planting duly adjusting C: N and C: N: P ratio of straw by adding part of recommended nitrogen and phosphorus, and both of which were on par with each other. The performance of zero till sunflower along with straw retention and application recommended doses of fertilizers after dry direct sown rice was also on par with the C: N and C: N: P adjusted straw incorporation treatments during the second year of study. Mean seed and stalk yield, harvest index, net returns and B: C ratio were superior with incorporation of C: N: P and C: N ratio adjusted straw treatments and zero till sunflower treatments when compared to straw burning, straw incorporation as such, straw removal and incorporation of C: P ratio adjusted straw treatments.
Performance Assessment of Biomass-derived Urea-Furfuraldehyde Resins as Oilfield Scale Inhibitors
Authors: C. O. Victor-Oji, , D. Una, , O. Akaranta,
Published: September 2024

Oilfield-scale formation is a persistent challenge in the oil industry. While numerous scale inhibitors have been in use for decades, there is a significant research gap in discovering renewable, cost-effective, ecologically friendly, and efficient inhibitors. This study sets out to fill this gap by investigating the potential of scale inhibitors (SIs) made from bio-resin derivatives of red onion skin; ROF and ROFU, in reducing CaCO3 and CaSO4 scales. The scale inhibition performance of ROF and ROFU was rigorously evaluated using the NACE standard static bottle test method. The data revealed that increasing scale-inhibitor contact time, concentration, and temperature enhances inhibitor efficacy, with the best inhibition efficiencies found for ROF and ROFU on the CaSO4 scale compared to the CaCO3 scale across all studied parameters. A comparison of the prepared SIs with a commercial scale inhibitor (CSI) showed a high inhibition rate of over 90% at minimal dosage of 60ppm in both scales studied. Despite having a lower inhibition rate (IE) than CSI, ROF and ROFU demonstrate significant potential as green oilfield SIs. This sustainable technique, which transforms agro-waste into a valuable oilfield chemical via a one-pot chemical process, could have profound economic and societal benefits, offering hope for a more sustainable future in the oil industry.
Variations in the Light Interception and Associated Physiological Traits of Cowpea and Fodder Sorghum Grown under Different Agroforestry Systems
Authors: Ramah K. , Hemalatha P. , Radha P. , Tilak M. , Boominathan P.
Published: September 2024

Light interception is major factor for characterizing the resource capture and use efficiency of cropping systems under intercrops. Agroforestry system is land use practices that combine agricultural crops and trees in different ways and has shown to benefits agriculture and forestry. The choice crop in agroforestry depends on light availability penetrated through trees which would alter the physiological processes in turn to yield. The experiment was conducted out with cowpea followed by fodder sorghum as intercrops under four agroforestry systems viz., Khaya senegalenesis, Melia dubia, Dalbergia sissoo and Casuarina equisetifolia and measured the light interception, gas exchange parameters and yield traits. Light interception ratio of cowpea under Dalbergia sissoo were observed maximum with 76 % and minimum of 58 % in Khaya senegalenesis @ 60 days after sowing. In case of gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of cowpea and fodder sorghum were found significantly higher under Dalbergia sissoo compared to other agroforestry systems. The yield traits for cowpea and fodder sorghum were recorded higher in open space followed by Dalbergia sissoo while lower yield was noticed in cowpea under Khaya senegalenesis and Casuarina equisetifolia in case of fodder sorghum. The yield reductions in cowpea and fodder sorghum under Dalbergia sissoo were 19 % and 31% compared to open conditions indicating the differential response of C3 and C4 crops towards intercepted light. Microclimatic variables mainly altered due to influence of canopy structure that was reflected in reduction in temperature especially under Khaya senegalenesis. In conclusion, cowpea was found to be better intercrop mainly under Melia dubia based on gas exchange and yield parameters.
Nutrients Dynamics and uptake Patterns in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)- Sweet corn (Zea mays var. Saccarata) Intercropping Systems
Authors: Parmar P. N. , Virdia H. M. , Tripathi Sonal , Patel V. P. , Khatana K. J
Published: September 2024

A field experiment was conducted in the summer season during 2020-21 and 2021-22 on clayey soil at Regional Rice Research Station, NAU, Vyara (Gujarat), India to evaluate the nutrients dynamics and uptake patterns of groundnut-sweet corn intercropping systems. The experiment comprised of ten treatments which was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the productivity of these systems in terms of groundnut pod equivalent yield 3221 kg/ha was significantly higher with intercropping of groundnut + sweet corn (2:1) with paired row (30-60-30 cm) (T10) followed by groundnut + sweet corn (3:1) in additive series (3073 kg/ha) (T8). Maximum N and K balance was recorded in case of treatment T10 (+107.18 and +144.52 kg/ha, respectively) which was followed by groundnut + sweet corn (2:1) in replacement series (T4) (+71.14 and +108.78 kg/ha, respectively) and (3:1) in additive series (T8) (+56.35 and +107.44 kg/ha, respectively). Phosphorus balance was negative under all treatments of intercropping system.
LC-MS-Based Targeted Metabolite Profiling and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotmeter Based Mineral Analysis of Methanol Extract of Terminalia bellerica (Gaertn.) Leaves
Authors: Chitra M. , Sivakumar P. , Shree G.G.Kavitha , Sujatha P. , Sankareswari R.Uma
Published: September 2024

Aim: Natural products in medicinal plants are one of the important sources for modern drug discovery. Plant-based formulations play an important role in management of numerous diseases. To discover the medical potential of natural products, it is important to understand the bioactive compounds present in medicinal plants. Hence the aim of the study is to identify the volatile compounds by LC –MS analysis and minerals by AAS assay present in the leaves of Terminalia bellerica.
Study Design: This study investigates metabolites present in leaves of Terminalia bellerica have been studied by AAS and LC-MS techniques.
Results: The AAS assay showed that the leaves of T. bellerica are particularly rich in iron (260 mg/kg) compared to their zinc, manganese, and copper content. Meanwhile, the LC-MS analysis identified chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, punicafolin, myricetin, rutin, and galloyl punicalagin as being present in the highest concentrations.
Conclusion: Results highlighted presence of considerable amount of iron and other minerals in methanolic extract of the leaves of T. bellerica, it may be used in the development of health supplements. The results also revealed that bioactive compounds in the methanolic extracts of T. bellerica leave used for drug design and making it safe to human health.
‘Little Teacher’ in the Remedial Class: Effectiveness in Learning of Low-Achiever Students of Class IX Chemistry and Integrated Science of Class VII & VIII
Authors: Tshojay Pema , Dorji Tashi , Wangmo Kinga , Tshering Cheten , Jamtsho Karma , Thinley Kuenzang , Wangmo Chador , Wangmo Sangay , Wangdi Rinzin
Published: September 2024

Remedial classes, specifically meant for low-achiever students are very common in almost all the schools in Bhutan. However, it serves its purpose, only if it is effectively implemented with right choice of teaching strategy that caters the learning needs of low-achiever students. Hence, this action research explored the effectiveness of Little Teacher teaching method in the learning experiences and outcomes of low-achiever students of class IX chemistry and class VII & VIII integrated science during remedial classes. Data were collected through subject achievement test, survey questionnaire and classroom observations. A total of 60 students from class IX, VII and VIII were selected as participants through purposive sampling method. The data collected were analyzed through simple descriptive statistics that include mean and standard deviation by using Software Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study found that the low-achiever students preferred Little Teacher teaching method in remedial classes, evidenced by their high level of contentment towards Little Teacher teaching method.  Further, the study revealed that the Little Teacher teaching method is featured by enhanced comfort zone between little teacher and students which contributed to the active learning in the class. With the increased mean mark in post-test compared to the pre-test and the significant value, p = 0.00, the study concluded that the Little Teacher teaching method is effective in enhancing the learning outcomes of low-achiever students during remedial classes. Therefore, the study highly recommends Little Teacher teaching method to be used in order to have effective remedial classes for low-achiever students.
Tax System Automation and Value Added Tax Compliance; The Moderating Role of Obligation Cost
Authors: Chiaji Irene , Kapkiyai Collins , Kirui Daniel
Published: September 2024

Aims: Actual revenues and expected revenue always differ, resulting in a shortfall in revenue collection. It is for this reason that the research sought to determine the moderating role of obligation cost on the relationship between Tax system automation and VAT compliance.
Study Design/Methodology: The study moderated tax obligation cost on the relationship between; tax invoice management system, VAT automated assessment, online filing procedure, digital payments, and VAT compliance using SMEs in Nairobi, Kenya. The research was underpinned by the ability to pay theory, the unified theory of acceptance, and the innovation diffusion theory. An explanatory design using a questionnaire was adopted to collect data from a sample size of 326 respondents. Hypotheses were tested using Hierarchical regression analysis.
Findings: It was evident that the Tax Invoice Management system, VAT automated assessment, Online filing procedure, and Digital payments have a significant effect on VAT compliance. Further, tax obligation costs negatively impact VAT compliance, while also moderating the direct effect relationships.
Practical Implications: Tax agencies should therefore encourage automation of their processes through digital tax payment, enhanced online filing procedures, and investing in VAT assessment systems, while ensuring reduced tax obligation costs, in their quest to increase VAT compliance.
Wind‐driven export of Weddell Sea slope water
Authors: Meijers A. J. S. , Meredith M. P. , Abrahamsen E. P. , Morales Maqueda M. A. , Jones D. C. , Naveira Garabato A. C.
Published: September 2016

The export of waters from the Weddell Gyre to lower latitudes is an integral component of the southern subpolar contribution to the three‐dimensional oceanic circulation. Here we use more than 20 years of repeat hydrographic data on the continental slope on the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula and 5 years of bottom lander data on the slope at 1000 m to show the intermittent presence of a relatively cold, fresh, westward flowing current. This is often bottom‐intensified between 600 and 2000 dbar with velocities of over 20 cm s−1, transporting an average of 1.5 ± 1.5 Sv. By comparison with hydrography on the continental slope within the Weddell Sea and modeled tracer release experiments we show that this slope current is an extension of the Antarctic Slope Current that has crossed the South Scotia Ridge west of Orkney Plateau. On monthly to interannual time scales the density of the slope current is negatively correlated (r > 0.6 with a significance of over 95%) with eastward wind stress over the northern Weddell Sea, but lagging it by 6–13 months. This relationship holds in both the high temporal resolution bottom lander time series and the 20+ year annual hydrographic occupations and agrees with Weddell Sea export variability observed further east. We compare several alternative hypotheses for this wind stress/export relationship and find that it is most consistent with wind‐driven acceleration of the gyre boundary current, possibly modulated by eddy dynamics, and represents a mechanism by which climatic perturbations can be rapidly transmitted as fluctuations in the supply of intermediate‐level waters to lower latitudes.