bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Fat Diets Containing Different Types of Fatty Acids Modulate Gut-Brain Axis in Obese Mice
Authors: Hua Yinan , Shen Jingyi , Fan Rong , Xiao Rong , Ma Weiwei
Published: November 2021

Background: Excessive consumption of high-fat diets is associated with disordered metabolic responses, which may lead to chronic diseases. High-fat diets containing different types of fatty acids lead to distinct alterations in metabolic responses of gut-brain axis. Methods: In our study, normal male C57BL/6J mice were fed to multiple high fatty acid diets (long-chain and medium-chain saturated fatty acid, LCSFA and MCSFA group; n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 and n-6 PUFA group; monounsaturated fatty acid, MUFA group; trans fatty acid, TFA group) and a basic diet (control, CON group) for 19 weeks. To investigate the effects of high-fat diets on metabolic responses of gut-brain axis in obese mice, blood lipids were detected by fast gas chromatography, and related proteins in brain and intestine were detected using Western blotting, ELISA, and immunochemistry analysis. Results: All high-fat diets regardless of their fatty acid composition induced obesity, lipid disorders, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and changes in gut-brain axis related factors except basal diet in mice. For example, the protein expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in ileum in the n-3 PUFA group was higher than those in the MCSFA and CON group (all Ps < 0.05). The expressions of insulin in hippocampus and leptin in ileum in the MCSFA group were all higher than those in other groups (all Ps < 0.05). Conclusions: The high MCSFA diet had the most effect on metabolic disorders, and the high n-3 PUFA diet had the least effect on changes in metabolism.
Predictive Factors for Fatality After Traumatic Brain Injury Among Road Traffic Crash Victims in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia
Authors: Mengistu Zuriyash , Ali Ahmed , Abegaz Teferi
Published: November 2021

Background
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the common preventable causes of mortality and disability among road traffic victims worldwide, most especially in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia.
Objective
to determine risk factors of mortality after traumatic brain injury due to road traffic crash.
Methods
This study aimed to examine the predictive factors of short-term mortality after severe brain injury due to a road traffic crash. The study was done on a prospective cohort of 242 severely brain-injured patients selected using cluster sampling in Addis Ababa City hospitals. The study was conducted from February 2018 to November 2019. Data were collected from brain-injured patients using a questionnaire and recorded findings within the first 24 hours of admission, Survival Analysis was used for statistical analysis. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences Institutional Review Board (IRB). Confidentiality of information about injured patients was maintained.
Results
In this study, the death rate was 73(30.2%). The majority of TBI patients accounting for, 186(81%) were men. The median age of TBI patients was 29 years. The hazard for those patients with subnormal body temperature was 1.64 times that of normal temperature (AHR: 1.64; CI: 2.14-10.29). The estimated fatality hazard ratio for patients who experienced Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)below six was 5.61 times higher compared to GCS six to eight (CI:3.1-10.24).
Conclusion
In conclusion, there was high early mortality of patients (30.2%) in Ethiopia. Being men, young and lower GCS were associated with higher mortality hazards. Hence, optimum advanced neuro-surgical pre-hospital care programs are urgently needed.
Emotional distress in COVID-19 patients in Maldives
Authors: Dey Rajib Kumar , Mansoor Shanooha , Hilmy Abdullah Isneen , Moosa Sheena , Rahman Shiraany Abdul , Latheef Raishan , Rasheed Nihla , Hassan Fathimath Guraishaa , Zaadhee Ali , Ibrahim Afa , Usman Sofoora Kawsar
Published: November 2021

Background and objectives: Researchers are exploring the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, vaccination and the challenges faced by healthcare authorities. However less focus is being paid towards the impact of COVID-19 on mental health of the patients. This study is a cross-sectional study, measuring the prevalence of emotional distress among patients with COVID-19 in the Maldivian population.Methods: This study was conducted in Maldivian nations above 18 of age with COVID-19 who were admitted in isolation facilities. Patients who were on treatment for any other chronic medical conditions, severe and critical COVID-19 disease were excluded. This study was conducted over a period of 2months by administering a local translated version of DASS21 questionnaire.Results: The total of 195 patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 40 (CI at 95% 38 - 42) years. The respondents were 48.7% men and 51.3% women. Overall, 9% of patients with COVID-19 had depression while 23% of patients had anxiety and 12% of the patients had stress. There was a statistically significant relationship between gender and depression, anxiety and stress (p<0.01). Symptomatic cases had a significantly higher level of stress than asymptomatic patients (p<0.05), but no significant association was observed with symptomatic status and anxiety or depression.Interpretations & conclusion: The management of patients with COVID-19 should be multi-disciplinary with special focus on the mental wellbeing of our patients. We should aim to establish proper communication with the patients in order to identify emotional distress and provide appropriate mental health care.
Increment of Fault Current due to integration of Distributed Generation and its impact on Distribution Network Protection
Authors: Mekonnen Haymanot Takele
Published: November 2021

BackgroundOne of the new technologies in generating power near the distribution system is called distributed generation which has supportive and destructive characteristics to the power system protection. One of the destructive characteristics of distributed generation is increasing the level of fault current to the protective equipment of the power system. In addition to increment of fault, it also alters the radial nature of the power distribution system and cause the power bidirectional rather than unidirectional. Integration of distributed generation to the distribution network causes increment of fault current effect, reliability drop, and affects security of protection system. The level of failure of protection be contingent on type, size, location and number of distributed generation. This fault current can cause a great damage to the electrical equipment with the miss operations of protective devices. The main aim of this paper is analysis of the fault current level to the protection of distribution network due to the integration of distributed generation which concerns on solar distributed generation, wind distributed generation and combination of solar and wind distributed generations at a time. This paper conducts the analysis for the increment of fault current by the integration of distributed generation and its impact on distribution network protection. ResultsThe analysis and the modeling are conducted on the 15KV distribution network of the radial feeder in Debre Markos town. This paper has covered the ling to ground, line to line and three phase fault analysis and their impact on the protection of distribution system for the wind and solar distributed generation types. After the integration of the distributed generation the fault current is increased by 0.529KA for three phase, 0.74KA for line to ground, 0.467KA for line to line and 0.523KA for line to line to ground. ConclusionsThis paper confirms designing distribution network without forecasting the future demand of electric power users give the protection equipment additional requirement. As the result, the fault current after the integration of distributed generation to the distribution network have great value in terms of power system protection.
Identification of Prognostic Biomarker and Immune Infiltration of CDH23 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Yang Jiao , Lu Fei , Ma Guangxin , Pang Yihua , Zhao Yanan , Sun Tao , Ma Daoxin , Ye Jingjing , Ji Chunyan
Published: November 2021

Background: Cadherin-23 (CDH23), which plays an important role in intercellular adhesion, is involved in the progression of several types of cancer. However, the biological functions and impact of CDH23 expression on the prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are yet to be explored. Herein, we aim to characterize the role and molecular functions of CDH23 in AML.Methods: The expression level of CDH23 were assessed in patients with AML by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The prognostic value of CDH23 was analyzed via GEPIA and LinkedOmics. Correlation analysis and biology function analysis were conducted by LinkedOmics and GeneMANIA database. Relationship of CDH23 with immune infiltration level was detected by TIMER. Results: In the present study, aberrant overexpression of CDH23 was first confirmed in patients with AML and contributed to poor prognosis. Notably, we observed a negative correlation between CDH23 mRNA expression and immune cell infiltration by calculating the ESTIMATE score. In addition, functional enrichment analysis confirmed that CDH23 plays a crucial role in tumor immunity. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that upregulation of CDH23 expression corresponded to shortened overall survival of patients with AML. CDH23 may be involved in mediating tumor immunity, and this highlights the potential of CDH23 as a therapeutic target in AML.
Impact of Different Popular Science Models and Other Factors on Satisfaction of Community Health Popular Science Activities in Shanghai Community Residents
Authors: Jiang Ping
Published: November 2021

Objective

To explore and analyze the impact of different popular science models, include traditional and innovative models, and other factors on satisfaction of community health popular science activities in Shanghai community residents.
Method

Four communities were selected in Minhang District, Shanghai, and divided into four groups with simple random sampling method: foreign volunteer medical science talk show group (A), Chinese volunteer medical science talk show group (B), traditional lecture group (C), and control group (D). Using the rules of convenience sampling, 150 residents were randomly selected from each community to participate in 6-month popular science activities, and completed three questionnaires during the 6-month popular science intervention. Data including the sociodemographic data and the satisfaction on community health popular science activities was collected and analyzed.
Results

Compared with those in baseline, the satisfactions of community health popular science activities in three popular science models have all significantly improved with 3 and 6 months popular science intervention (A: χ2 = 47.1, p < 0.001; B: χ2 = 62.0, p < 0.001; C: χ2 = 31.7, p < 0.001) except for in control group (D: χ2 = 0.3, p = 0.9). The factors including gender, education, marital status, popular science model and popular science intervention time all have significant impact on satisfaction. Among these factors, married (Exp (B) = 2.715, 95% CI (1.163-6.336), p = 0.021)), popular science models (foreign volunteer medical science talk show model: Exp (B) = 8.796, 95% CI (5.907-13.100), p < 0.001; Chinese volunteer medical science talk show model: Exp (B) = 5.106, 95% CI (3.564-7.314), p < 0.001 and traditional lecture model: Exp (B) = 13.033, 95% CI (8.374-20.283), p < 0.001), popular science intervention time (3-month: Exp (B) = 3.988, 95% CI (2.827-5.626), p < 0.001; 6-month: Exp (B) = 4.132, 95% CI (2.924-5.840), p < 0.001) have positive impact on satisfaction. While female (Exp (B) = 0.598, 95% CI (0.440-0.813), p = 0.001), and junior college (Exp (B) = 0.295, 95% CI (0.168-0.519), p < 0.001) have negative impact.
Conclusion

Both the innovative and traditional popular science models have positive effect on the satisfaction on Chinese community health popular science activities in Shanghai community residents. In the future, special consideration should be given to the impact of different popular science models and other factors on the popular science effects including the satisfaction, and more tailor-design health popular science activities will be suitable for community residents.
Reproductive and Physiological Responses and Egg Quality Traits of Isa Brown Chickens fed Diets Supplemented with Ginger or Turmeric Powder
Authors: Kujero G.O. , Njoku C.P , Oke Oyegunle Emmanuel , Adeyemi O.A. , Sogunle O.M. , Sobayo R.O.
Published: November 2021

The increasing demand for healthy and low fat poultry products by consumers has necessitated the use of natural growth promoters to enhance hens’ laying performance. This study investigated the reproductive response and egg quality traits of pullet chickens fed dietary turmeric (Curcuma longa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) powder. Five hundred and four pullets were assigned basal diet (G 0 T 0 ) or basal diet supplemented with 1.5 (G1.5) and 3% (G3) ginger or 1.5(T1.5) and 3% (T3) turmeric to investigate the reproductive responses and egg quality traits of pullet chickens during a 60 week trial period. Data were collected on egg and laid out in a Completely Randomized Design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement. Hen-day and hen-housed egg production, egg mass, feed conversion ratio and age at first lay were significantly (p<0.05) affected by phytobiotic type. The best (p<0.05) hen-day, hen-housed, egg mass, FCR, earliest age at first lay and least weight at first lay were obtained in birds placed on 1.5% ginger ration. Percentage mortality was not significant except at the different inclusion levels and was least among birds fed 1.5% phytobiotic inclusion levels. The highest (p<0.05) value for egg length, egg width, egg shape index, albumen weight and yolk colour were obtained in birds fed 3% turmeric diets. Internal egg qualities were most enhanced by turmeric inclusion while dietary ginger improved the external qualities. The study concluded that dietary ginger and turmeric enhanced reproductive performance and egg quality of egg-type chickens fed over their commercial production lifespan without impairing their overall well-being.
In Silico and In Vitro Investigations On Mutated IFNβ-scFv Against Human Collagen Type II
Authors: Alimohammadi Fatemeh , Hojati Zohreh , Ganjalikhani-Hakemi Mazdak
Published: November 2021

Current medications for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common synovial autoimmune disease, are associated with adverse effects. Interestingly, interferon beta (IFNβ), effective in multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment, also can help decreasing articular destruction in RA. Here, a novel fusion protein was introduced containing human mutated IFNβ (with mutations in 27th and 101th residues; IFNβ27+101) fused to a single chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody against human collagen type II for decreasing IFNβ27+101 off-targets (according to drug targeting benefits) in future in vivo and clinical experiments. After designing, bioinformatic analyses and the recombinant vector transfection into HEK293 cells, the mutated IFNβ-scFv protein confirmation and function were assessed by SDS-PAGE, western blotting, ELISA, and real-time PCR. The fusion protein secondary and tertiary structures had proper folding. Also, the recombinant mRNA secondary structure considered stable. 2.35 fold difference between the test and negative control groups confirmed the scFv attachment to human collagen type II (p= 0.046). MxA 25.68 fold overexpression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with the recombinant protein compared with the non-treated sample (p= 0.0001), demonstrated IFNβ27+101 bioactivity as the fusion protein. In vitro and in silico studies verified function of mutated IFNβ-scFv, however in vivo studies are proposed for further validation.
Investigating the impact of chucks on the stability of a milling process
Authors: Pyatykh A. S. , Shaparev P. P.
Published: November 2021

The impact of a tool chuck on the dynamic stability of a milling process with an end mill was investigated using a workpiece made of aluminium wrought alloy V95pchT2. To assess the dynamic stability, we analysed a Fourier transformed signal recorded during milling using a Shure PGA81 -XLR tool directional microphone. The milling was performed on an HSC75 linear high-production machining centre with an H10F solid carbide end mill. Cutting conditions were calculated based on a stability diagram derived from an operational modal analysis of a manufacturing system. The surface roughness was measured with a Taylor Hobson Form Talysurf i200 contact profilometer. Performance defined by the rate of material removal and the roughness of a treated surface was used to evaluate the cutting process. A correlation was found between the type of tool chuck fixating the end mill, the rate of material removal and the roughness of the machined surface. It was found that, for milling using a power chuck, the areas of stable cutting correspond to the max imum cutting depth equal to 5.6 mm at a cutting width of 16 mm and a cutting feed of 0.1 mm/rev. However, for the other studied chucks, this indicator was 20 to 30% lower. End milling conducted using a power chuck with a solid carbide cutter with a diameter of 16 mm and three cutting teeth resulted in dynamically stable cutting with the highest material removal rate (575.6 cm3/min) and minimum surface roughnes s (0.56 μm). Based on the conducted analysis, for the operation of end milling on a machine with computerised numerical control (CNC), a power tool chuck is recommended that improves milling performance by over 25% relative to the considered tool setups. Furthermore, this preserves the quality of a treated surface and increases the tool cutting life owing to dynamically stable cutting.
Efecto de la violencia y victimización escolar en la ideación suicida en adolescentes mexicanos
Authors: Cruz-Manrique Yeni , Herrero Olaizola Juan , Cortés-Ayala María de Lourdes , Malvaceda-Espinoza Eli
Published: November 2021

En este estudio se pone a prueba un modelo para predecir la ideación suicida de adolescentes, considerando como antecedentes la violencia y victimización escolar, el autoconcepto familiar y académico y la sintomatología depresiva. Participaron 792 adolescentes mexicanos de secundaria (49.4% mujeres, 50.6% hombres) entre 11 a 16 años (M = 13.3,D.T. = 1.0), seleccionados con un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se administraron las escalas de Ideación Suicida, Conducta Violenta en la Escuela, Victimización en la Escuela, Autoconcepto Forma-5 y CES-D. A partir de Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales, los resultados mostraron que el modelo que mejor se ajusta indica una doble relación de la victimización escolar con la ideación suicida: un efecto directo y positivo sobre pensamientos suicidas, y, por otro lado, un efecto indirecto y negativo a través del apoyo familiar, y positivo con la sintomatología depresiva. El autoconcepto familiar resulto un importante factor de protección.
Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire: a Factorial Validation Study in Spanish for Children (CERQ-k)
Authors: Lemos Viviana , Valega Melissa , Serppe Mónica
Published: November 2021

Background: The cognitive regulation of emotions is a fundamental variable in socio-affective functioning, being an essential skill in childhood due to its relationship with multiple areas of social functioning. Although there is a version that allows evaluating this construct (CERQ-k), translated and adapted for Argentine children, the structural model found does not fully coincide with the model proposed by the authors of the original version of CERQ. Objective: To test, through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the model obtained in the adapted version and compare it with that of the original version of the instrument. Method: From a non-probabilistic sample, 761 children between the ages of 9 and 12, from the provinces of Entre Ríos and Córdoba, participated in the study. Descriptive analyzes of the items, CFA, and reliability analysis were carried out. Results: The CFA indicated an adequate fit in both models, although the second-order model proved to be more parsimonious and with satisfactory fit and error indices. Conclusion: The CERQ-k version adapted to Argentina, whose structure has been confirmed in this study, allows a valid and reliable measure of the construct to evaluate the cognitive regulation of emotion in children aged 9 to 12 years.
Identificación de prácticas ambientales sostenibles ejercidas por la Administración Distrital de la ciudad de Bogotá en los procesos de contratación adelantados por parte de la Secretaría de Ambiente en la última década
Authors: Cardona Arteaga Beatriz Eugenia
Published: November 2021

El presente artículo académico tiene como objetivo principal demostrar si existen o no prácticas sostenibles ambientales en la contratación pública que adelanta la ciudad de Bogotá o si están contempladas en un marco legal a través de las actuaciones administrativas que adelante la ciudad, materializadas estas en tres aspectos básicos: uso racional de recursos naturales, la reducción de cargas contaminantes y el desarrollo de iniciativas ambientales enfocadas hacia la sostenibilidad.
Recibido: 3 de marzo de 2021
Revisado: 31 de marzo de 2021
Aceptado: 3  de mayo de 2021
Naturaleza jurídica del contrato de obra pública en relación con las cláusulas excepcionales como mecanismo para lograr el cumplimiento del objeto contractual
Authors: Bastidas Crespo Jorge Luis
Published: November 2021

Dentro de esas actividades de la contratación pública se encuentra el contrato de obra pública como uno de los instrumentos más completos para poder cumplir los fines del Estado. En la ejecución del contrato de obra pública se presenta una serie de acontecimientos que en ocasiones se desenvuelven en escenarios imprevistos y complejos, que accionan la utilización de las cláusulas excepcionales como herramientas legitimas del Estado para buscar satisfacer el interés general, proteger la moralidad pública, y así alcanzar el cumplimiento del objeto contractual.
Recibido: 5 de marzo de 2021
Revisado: 16 de abril de 2021
Aceptado: 6  de mayo de 2021
Digitalization as a development factor of innovative-active university
Authors: Ponomarenko Volodymir , Rayevnyeva Olena , Yermachenko Volodymyr , Aksonova Iryna , Brovko Olha
Published: November 2021

A characteristic feature of the XXI century is the emergence of the digital society phenomenon, which significantly changes all processes in higher education. The implementation of innovations into university activity, creation of its digital culture, and digital environment are the key features of an innovative-active university (IAU) and factors of its development. The paper aims to develop a strategy and innovative-indicative measures for digitalization of IAU activities based on the study of society’s digital maturity. Index, rating, comparative analyzes, and decomposition method were used. It is determined that Ukraine has a significant gap in comparison with the developed countries in terms of digital maturity of society and occupies lower than average positions in international informatization indices. To assess the state of digitalization processes in Ukraine, government measures for the development of digital culture were analyzed, the limitations and triggers of society digitalization are identified. It is proved that the digitalization of education has a dominant impact on the overall level of digital competitiveness. That is, the introduction of information and communication technologies in the IAU activity is an urgent task of its management. The digitalization strategy of S.Kuznets KhNUE in accordance with its educational, scientific and technical, marketing, and international activities was created. The proposed strategy is based on a systemic understanding of digitalization processes, which makes it possible to increase the degree of their controllability. A set of innovative and indicative measures was developed, which constitute the tactical contour of IAU digital process management.
AcknowledgmentThe following materials were used in writing this paper: Development of methodological and model-information support for the construction of an innovative type university on the basis of education quality and anti-corruption (state registration number: 0120U102152).
Metodologia Baseada em Inteligência Computacional para Rastreamento de Foguetes Suborbitais por Triangulação de Antenas
Authors: Macedo Arthur Medeiros , Serra Ginalber de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

In order to track a suborbital vehicle, some tracking system are used. Tracking radar can be used for this purpose. This paper presents a method using triangulation of antennas other than radars, for estimating the position of the vehicle. The goal is to improve the capability of keeping tracking the vehicle, even in loss of signal scenarios. Also, a dynamic filter is proposed for improving the estimation accuracy, based on a fuzzy system identification. Simulations were performed to demonstrate the proposed methods in estimating a suborbital vehicle position.
Learning Pairwise Comparisons with Machine Learning for Large-Scale Multi-Criteria Decision Making Problems
Authors: Alves Marcos Antonio , Meneghini Ivan Reinaldo , Guimarães Frederico Gadelha
Published: November 2021

Decision making is a complex task and requires a lot of cognitive effort from the decision maker. Multi-criteria methods, especially those based on pairwise comparisons, such as the Analytic Hierarchic Process (AHP), are not viable for large-scale decision-making problems. For this reason, the aim of this paper is to learn the preferences of the decision-maker using machine learning techniques in order to reduce the number of queries that are necessary in decision problems. We used a recently published parameterized generator of scalable and customizable benchmark problems for many-objective problems as a large-scale data generator. The proposed methodology is an iterative method in which a small subset of solutions are presented to the decision-maker to obtain pairwise judgments. This information is fed to an algorithm that learns the preferences for the remaining pairs in the decision matrix. The Gradient Boosting Regressor was applied in a problem with 5 criteria and 210 solutions. Subsets of 5, 7 and 10 solutions were used in each iteration. The metrics MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R2 were calculated. After the 8th iteration the ranking similarity stabilized, as measured by the tau distance. As the main advantage of the proposed approach is that it was necessary only 8 iterations presenting 5 solutions per time to learn the preferences and get an accurate final ranking.
Redes Neurais como um método de redução do Crosstalk entre sensores no calorímetro eletromagnético do experimento ATLAS
Authors: Santos Marton , Farias Paulo , Simas Filho Eduardo Furtado , Laforge Bertrand , Seixas José Manoel
Published: November 2021

O ATLAS é o maior experimento do complexo do acelerador de partículas LHC no CERN. Está localizado em um dos pontos de colisão no túnel do acelerador e é composto de um conjunto de sub-detectores especializados para caracterizar as partículas produzidas nas colisões do LHC. Um desses detectores especializados é o calorímetro de Argônio Líquido (LAr), com cerca de 187k sensores para rastreamento e registro de chuveiros eletromagnéticos. O LAr tem uma granularidade fina e alta densidade de células que em associação com as altas taxas de colisão, estrutura mecânica e eletrônica e o sistema de leitura do detector produz efeitos de crosstalk (XT) entre células dificultando o processo de reconstrução da energia e do tempo de de voo da partícula incidente. Para tratar este desafio, foi um desenvolvido um simulador de chuveiro eletromagnético de partículas baseado no calorímetro LAr do ATLAS, junto com uma abordagem de aprendizagem de máquina para mitigar os efeitos do XT. Os resultados indicam que para altas energias a reconstrução se aproxima dos valores alvo e, por outro lado, em baixas energias é necessário um método especializado para tratar e normalizar os dados antes de aplicar uma rede neural para reconstruir os valores das energias.
Asset Allocation based on a Partitional Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Duarte Flávio Gabriel , Castro Leandro Nunes
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a method for asset allocation based on partitional clustering. This method is different from the approaches already proposed in the literature, which essentially use either an optimization-based approach or a hierarchical clustering algorithm to allocate resources in assets. After finding the clusters, the method uniformly allocates the resources over the clusters and then within the clusters, thus guaranteeing that all assets are allocated. The method was tested using data from the Brazilian Stock Exchange (B3) and the assets eligible to enter the allocation were those that were part of the Ibovespa Index at the time of portfolio rebalancing. The results were compared with the Ibovespa index for different metrics, such as volatility, return, sharpe ratio, turnover and drawdown. The proposed approach illustrates the potential of machine learning techniques in portfolio allocation.
PDTX: A novel local explainer based on the Perceptron Decision Tree
Authors: Santos Samara Silva , Alves Marcos Antonio , Ferreira Leonardo Augusto , Guimarães Frederico Gadelha
Published: November 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches that achieve good results and generalization are often opaque models and the decision-maker has no clear explanation about the final classification. As a result, there is an increasing demand for Explainable AI (XAI) models, whose main goal is to provide understandable solutions for human beings and to elucidate the relationship between the features and the black-box model. In this paper, we introduce a novel explainer method, named PDTX, based on the Perceptron Decision Tree (PDT). The evolutionary algorithm jSO is employed to fit the weights of the PDT to approximate the predictions of the black-box model. Then, it is possible to extract valuable information that explains the behavior of the machine learning method. The PDTX was tested in 10 different datasets from a public repository as an explainer for three classifiers: Multi-Layer Perceptron, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine. Decision-Tree and LIME were used as baselines for comparison. The results showed promising performance in the majority of the experiments, achieving 87.34% of average accuracy, against 64.23% from DT and 37.44% from LIME. The PDTX can be used for black-box classifier explanations, for local instances and it is model-agnostic.
Gliadin proteins from wheat flour: the optimal determination conditions by ELISA
Authors: Marjanović-Balaban Željka , Cvjetković Vesna Gojković , Grujić Radoslav
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The number of people with celiac disease is rapidly increasing. Gluten, is one of the most common food allergens, consists of two fractions: gliadins and glutenins. The research objective was to determine the optimal conditions for estimating gliadins by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Study objects and methods. The experiment involved wheat flour samples (0.10; 0.20, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 g) suspended in different solvents (ethanol, methanol, 1-propanol, and isopropanol) of different concentrations (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% v/v). The samples were diluted with Tris buffer in ratios of 1:50, 1:100, 1:150, and 1:200. The gliadin test was performed using a Gliadin/Gluten Biotech commercial ELISA kit (Immunolab).

Results and discussion. The optimal conditions for determining gliadin proteins that provided the highest gliadin concentration were: solvent – 70% v/v ethanol, extract:Tris buffer ratio – 1:50, and sample weight – 1.0 g.

Conclusion. The obtained results can be of great importance to determine gliadin/gluten concentrations in food products by rapid analysis methods.
Vladimir Strekopytov. The Rebel Commander
Authors: Zhuravlev N. N.
Published: November 2021

The article explores of the life and work of one participant in the White movement, Vladimir Strekopytov. Born in Tula and a staff captain in World War I, in March 1919 Strekopytov led the anti-Bolshevik uprising of the Red Army in Gomel. For a long time, the events of the Gomel anti-Bolshevik uprising, known as the “Strekopytovsky rebellion”, remained a little-known and unexplored event of the Civil War. Despite the fact that, in the first years of Soviet power, a number of publications based on recollections of participants in those dramatic events had come out, many facts related to the uprising remained outside the scope of study. The scantiest information has been preserved about the leader of the insurgents: the name by which the uprising entered historiography, and the mention that he was a former officer. The real name of the leader of the Gomel uprising became known thanks to researchers from Estonia, who opened an investigation into participants of the Gomel uprising at the end of the last century. In the history of Russian Civil War, the Tula detachment that he led made an unprecedented defection from the Red Army to the White Army. He made his way from Gomel, through Ukraine, Poland, and the Baltic states and joined the North-Western Army under General Yudenitch. After the disbandment of the North-Western Army in February 1920, he headed the Tula workers’ artel in Estonia, in which he gathered former members of his detachment. Vladimir Strekopytov lived in exile in Estonia and was engaged in social activities. After the unification of Estonia with the USSR, he was arrested by the NKVD in 1940 and executed in April 1941.
Assessment of radiation dose hazards caused by radon and its progenies in tap water by the human dosimetric model
Authors: Yong Jinlong , Liu Qian , Wu Baoshan , Hu Youhua , Feng Guangwen
Published: November 2021

Radon is readily soluble in water, and radon exposure caused by household water consumption may pose a threat to public health. In this study, the radon concentration in the tap water of residential buildings was measured, and the average value was 543.33 mBq L−1, which was in line with the radon concentration limit recommended by USEPA (11.11 Bq L−1) and EURATOM (100 Bq L−1), and also within the range of the results of radon concentration measurements in tap water in other countries or regions. Through water bath heating at different temperatures, the radon retention curves of multiple groups of samples at different temperatures were fitted and analyzed. The results showed that the radon retention continued to decrease between 25 and 70 °C, remained stable between 70 and 85 °C, and then continued to decline slowly. Combined with the measurement results, the effective doses of α- and β-particles emitted by 222Rn and its progenies to residents respiratory and alimentary tissues and organs were calculated using the computational model provided by ICRP under two typical water scenarios of shower and drinking water, and the results show that radon exposure caused by normal water consumption will not pose a serious threat to public health.
Experimental study of the effect of nanoscale zero-valent iron injected on the permeability of saturated porous media
Authors: Tang Jie , Liu Fei , Zhang Chong , Xue Qiang
Published: November 2021

In a comparison of modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI), bare NZVI used to remediate deep contaminated groundwater source areas has more advantages. However, the influence of injected bare NZVI deposition on the permeability of aquifer remains unclear, together with which are still the key factors of engineering cost and contamination removal. Hence, this study sought to assess a method of measuring hydraulic conductivity with a constant head device and to examine the permeability loss mechanism of NZVI injected into different saturated porous media, using column tests. The results showed that it was feasible to determine hydraulic conductivity by the constant head device. The permeability loss caused by NZVI injection increased with a decrease in the grain size of the porous media, and was determined by the amount and distribution of NZVI deposition. The NZVI distribution area had a good linear correlation with dispersivity of the porous media. Additionally, although surface clogging occurred in all porous media, the amount of NZVI deposition at the injection point was largest in fine sand, so that its permeability loss was the most; this was more likely to cause hydraulic fracturing and expand the area of the contaminant source zone. These results have implications for NZVI field injection for successful groundwater remediation.
Role of miRNAs in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy: A Recent Update
Authors: Sayyed Adil A. , Gondaliya Piyush , Bhat Palak , Mali Mukund , Arya Neha , Khairnar Amit , Kalia Kiran
Published: November 2021

:

The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been one of the revolutionary developments and has led
to the advent of new diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities for the management of cancer. In this regard, miRNA
dysregulation has been shown to play a critical role in various stages of tumorigenesis, including tumor invasion,
metastasis as well as angiogenesis. Therefore, miRNA profiling can provide accurate fingerprints for
the development of diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. This review discusses the recent discoveries of miRNA-
based tools for early detection of cancer as well as disease monitoring in cancers that are common, like
breast, lung, hepatic, colorectal, oral and brain cancer. Based on the involvement of miRNA in different cancers
as oncogenic miRNA or tumor suppressor miRNA, the treatment with miRNA inhibitors or mimics is recommended.
However, the stability and targeted delivery of miRNA remain the major limitations of miRNA delivery.
In relation to this, several nanoparticle-based delivery systems have been reported which have effectively
delivered the miRNA mimics or inhibitors and showed the potential for transforming these advanced delivery
systems from bench to bedside in the treatment of cancer metastasis and chemoresistance. Based on this, we attempted
to uncover recently reported advanced nanotherapeutic approaches to deliver the miRNAs in the management
of different cancers.
Point of Care Test Technology Suitable for Early Detection and Monitoring of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Young Mi , Bae Mi Jung , Choi Ye Seul , Lee Eunmi , Cho Junghwan , Kim Myung-Gwan , Le Minh Tan , Nguyen Thi Hong Duc , Han Hyung Soo , Park Nora Jee-Young , Chong Gun Oh
Published: November 2021

Background:

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in adulthood
worldwide. A simple and convenient diagnostic method is needed for monitoring high-risk patients
for stroke. Few POCTs are available for stroke diagnosis. Soluble blood P-selectin is known as a
biomarker for platelet aggregation. Increased expression of P-selectin is observed in coronary
artery disease, acute myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease.

Objective:

A simple method that can measure the increased expression of P-selectin in stroke patients
is intended to be used for diagnosis or early detection and hospital monitoring of ischemic
stroke.

Method:

Plasma proteins in blood were separated using a three-layered filter system. Quantum
dot and antibody were conjugated to detect biomarkers present in plasma and then measured with a
fluorescence spectrophotometer.

Results:

The detection limit of soluble P-selectin confirmed by immunoassay was 1 ng/ul. In order
to increase the sensitivity and simplify the reaction, the detection limit was measured to evaluate
the sensitivity of the quantum dot labeled anti P-selectin antibody. As a result, P-selectin of 5 ng/ul
or more showed saturation signal intensity, indicating the upper limit of detection, and 10 pg/ul
was the lower limit of detection.

Conclusion:

In this study, we proposed a three-layer filter membrane system that can separate biomarker-
rich fractions from whole blood, simplifying the analysis process and improving sensitivity
by using quantum dot-labeled antibodies to detect biomarkers. We hope that our system complements
the advantages of POCT and can be applied to real clinical applications.
A Review of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease Imaging:
Applications and Challenges
Authors: Chen Xi , Lei Yu , Su Jiabin , Yang Heng , Ni Wei , Yu Jinhua , Gu Yuxiang , Mao Ying
Published: November 2021

Background:

A variety of emerging medical imaging technologies based on artificial intelligence
have been widely applied in many diseases, but they are still limitedly used in the cerebrovascular
field even though the diseases can lead to catastrophic consequences.

Objective:

This work aims to discuss the current challenges and future directions of artificial intelligence
technology in cerebrovascular diseases through reviewing the existing literature related to applications
in terms of computer-aided detection, prediction and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

Methods:

Based on artificial intelligence applications in four representative cerebrovascular diseases
including intracranial aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, arteriosclerosis and moyamoya disease,
this paper systematically reviews studies published between 2006 and 2021 in five databases:
National Center for Biotechnology Information, Elsevier Science Direct, IEEE Xplore Digital Library,
Web of Science and Springer Link. And three refinement steps were further conducted after
identifying relevant literature from these databases.

Results:

For the popular research topic, most of the included publications involved computer-aided
detection and prediction of aneurysms, while studies about arteriovenous malformation, arteriosclerosis
and moyamoya disease showed an upward trend in recent years. Both conventional machine
learning and deep learning algorithms were utilized in these publications, but machine learning
techniques accounted for a larger proportion.

Conclusion:

Algorithms related to artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, are promising
tools for medical imaging analysis and will enhance the performance of computer-aided detection,
prediction and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.
Active Pyridinium Based Ionic Liquid Anchored Quinuclidine Organocatalyst
for Morita-Baylis-Hillman Reaction
Authors: Srivastava Vivek
Published: November 2021

:

In the present manuscript, we easily synthesized three different types of ionic liquid
supported 3-quinuclidinone organocatalysts such as [PyAmEQ][BF4] (Py-CATALYST-1),
[PyAmEQ][PF6] (Py-CATALYST-2), and [PyAmEQ][NTf2] (Py-CATALYST-3). After performing
the careful characterization of the above catalysts with sophisticated analytical techniques, we
utilized them as a catalyst to study the passive Morita-Baylis-Hillman reaction. The corresponding
Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts were easily isolated, followed by the simple ether extraction method.
Moreover, the above protocol also promoted low catalyst loading, short reaction time, wide
substrate scope, easy product, and catalyst recycling. We easily recycled the catalytic system for 5
runs with no noticeable loss in the chemical yield. Additionally, Py-CATALYST-3 was also used to
prepare biologically active materials, i.e., N-((E,3S,4R)-5-benzylidene-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-
2H-pyran-3-yl) palmitamide derivatives.
Prevalence of Anti-nuclear and Anti-phospholipid Antibodies in an Egyptian
Cohort with Schizophrenia: A Case-control Study
Authors: Medhat Basma M. , Abu-Zaid Mohammed H. , Dorgham Dalia , El-Ghobashy Nehal , Afifi Angie Y. , El-Makawi Shirin , Ayoub Doaa R. , Khalaf Ola O. , Amer Reham , Koptan Dina M.T. , Maged Lobna A.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, could herald other manifestation(
s) of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) potentially hindering timely and optimal management.
Moreover, schizophrenia is among the described ‘extra-criteria’ manifestations of anti-phospholipid
syndrome (APS). Hence, screening schizophrenia patients for SLE and APS may pose diagnostic
and therapeutic implications.

Objectives:

Examine schizophrenia patients with no overt connective tissue disease(s) manifestation(
s) for clinical and/or serologic evidence of SLE and/or APS.

Methods:

The study included 92 schizophrenia patients (61 (66.3%) males) and 100 age- and gender-
matched healthy controls. Both groups were tested for anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs), antidouble
stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, complement 3 (C3) and C4, and
criteria anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) (anticardiolipin Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM, antibeta-
2-glycoprotein I IgG and IgM, and lupus anticoagulant (LAC)).

Results:

The patients’ mean age and disease duration were 28.8 ± 8.1 and 5.7 ± 2.2 years, respectively.
The prevalence of ANA positivity, height of titre, and pattern was comparable between patients
and controls (p = 0.9, p = 0.8 and p = 0.1, respectively). Anti-dsDNA antibodies and hypocomplementemia
were absent in both groups. A significantly higher frequency of positive LAC
was observed among patients compared with controls (7.6% vs. 1%, p = 0.02), whereas other aPL
were comparable between both groups. None of the patients or controls demonstrated clinically
meaningful (medium or high) aPL titres.

Conclusion:

In our study, schizophrenia was solely associated with LAC. Thus, in the absence of
findings suggestive of SLE or APS, routine screening for both diseases is questionable.
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of the Potential
Links
Authors: Yaghoobpoor Shirin , Deravi Niloofar , Pakdin Majid , Toutounchian Samaneh , Namazi Sina , Arabpour Zahra , Pouladi Amirreza , Afsahi Sahar , Poudineh Mohadeseh , Nasab Mohammad Mehdi Mousavi
Published: November 2021

:

Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s disease are considered the most prevalent diseases in
older ages worldwide. The main pathology of Alzheimer’s disease is highly related with accumulation
of misfolded proteins that lead to neuronal dysfunction in the brain. On the other hand, diabetes
mellitus is associated with alteration of insulin signaling, which could cause the reduction of
glucose uptake, metabolic prohibition of energy consuming cells, as well as suppression of glucose
to fat conversion in the liver. In spite of having seemingly different pathological features, both diseases
share common underlying biological mechanisms. Besides, the epidemiological and environmental
links between these two diseases should not be overlooked. In this study, we aim to review
shared pathological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes mellitus, including impaired
glucose metabolism, increased Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) production, impaired lipid metabolism, mitochondrial
dysfunction, increased inflammation and elevated oxidative stress. Furthermore, we discuss
epidemiological association between these two diseases and also review animal investigations,
which have evaluated the potential links between the two diseases.
Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Great Omentum: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Geng Chengjun , Yin Huikang , Ye Daixi , Zhu Yechen
Published: November 2021

Background:

We report a case of a 23-year-old man with a solitary fibrous tumor of the
great omentum who presented clinically as a case of dull abdominal pain.

Case Presentation:

Solitary fibrous tumor normally occurs in the visceral pleura. Extrathoracic solitary
fibrous tumor is rare, especially those from the great omentum, with approximately 31 cases
reported in the literature.

Conclusion:

After reviewing and summarizing the imaging findings of 31 cases of solitary fibrous
tumor of the greater omentum, we considered that the characteristic findings can provide a reliable
basis for preoperative diagnosis.