bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequences of Non-H
2
S-Producing Strains of Salmonella enterica Serovars Infantis, Enteritidis, Berta, and Kiambu in Japan
Authors: Asakura Hiroshi , Sakata Junko , Yamamoto Shiori , Igimi Shizunobu
Published: July 2020

We report the draft genome sequences of six strains of
Salmonella enterica
serovars Berta, Enteritidis, Infantis, and Kiambu, isolated from humans or chicken meats in Osaka, Japan, that were negative for hydrogen sulfide production. Their genome sizes ranged from 4,460,389 to 4,933,483 bp, with 3 to 9 rRNAs and 64 to 73 tRNAs and with coverages of 95× to 159×.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Bacillus
sp. Strain SPB7, Isolated from the Marine Sponge Spongia officinalis
Authors: Bhattacharya Dhruba , Villalobos Sergio de los Santos , Ruiz Valeria Valenzuela , Selvin Joseph , Mukherjee Joydeep
Published: July 2020

The draft genome of
Bacillus
sp. SPB7, which was isolated from the marine sponge
Spongia officinalis
, is presented. This bacterium is a producer of an antimicrobial cyclic diketopiperazine, (3
S
,6
S
)-3,6-diisobutylpiperazine-2,5-dione. The genome consists of 4,511 protein-coding genes, 63 tRNAs, 2 16S rRNAs, 3 23S rRNAs, and a single copy of 5S rRNA.
Genome Sequences and Metagenome-Assembled Genome Sequences of Microbial Communities Enriched on Phytoplankton Exometabolites
Authors: Fu He , Smith Christa B. , Sharma Shalabh , Moran Mary Ann
Published: July 2020

We report 11 bacterial draft genome sequences and 38 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) from marine phytoplankton exometabolite enrichments. The genomes and MAGs represent marine bacteria adapted to the metabolite environment of phycospheres, organic matter-rich regions surrounding phytoplankton cells, and are useful for exploring functional and taxonomic attributes of phytoplankton-associated bacterial communities.
A Race against Time: Reduced Azithromycin Susceptibility in
Salmonella enterica
Serovar Typhi in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Junaid , Dehraj Irum F. , Carey Megan E. , Dyson Zoe A. , Garrett Denise , Seidman Jessica C. , Kabir Furqan , Saha Senjuti , Baker Stephen , Qamar Farah N.
Published: July 2020

The emergence of XDR
Salmonella
Typhi in Pakistan has left azithromycin as the only viable oral treatment option. Here, we report the detection of an azithromycin resistance-associated mutation in one
S.
Typhi isolate. This finding is important because any possible spread of azithromycin resistance in
S.
Typhi isolates would make it nearly impossible to treat in outpatient settings due to the need of injectable antibiotics. Our findings also signify the importance of introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccine in regions of endemicity such as Pakistan.
Critical Role for Molecular Iron in Coxiella burnetii Replication and Viability
Authors: Sanchez Savannah E. , Omsland Anders
Published: July 2020

Host organisms restrict the availability of iron to invading pathogens in order to reduce pathogen replication. To counteract the host’s response to infection, bacteria can rely on redundant mechanisms to obtain biologically diverse forms of iron during infection.
C. burnetii
appears specifically dependent on molecular iron for replication and viability and exhibits a response to iron akin to bacteria that colonize iron-rich environments. Physiological adaptation of
C. burnetii
to the unique acidic and degradative environment of the CCV is consistent with access of this pathogen to molecular iron.
Tectonic geomorphology and Plio-Quaternary structural evolution of the Tuzgölü fault zone, Turkey: Implications for deformation in the interior of the Central Anatolian Plateau
Authors: Krystopowicz Neil J. , Schoenbohm Lindsay M. , Rimando Jeremy , Brocard Gilles , Rojay Bora
Published: July 2020

Situated within the interior of the Central Anatolian Plateau (Turkey), the 200-km-long Tuzgölü extensional fault zone offers first-order constraints on the timing and pattern of regional deformation and uplift. In this study, we analyze the morphometrics of catchments along the Tuzgölü range-front fault and the parallel, basinward Hamzalı fault using a variety of measured morphometric indicators coupled with regional geomorphic observations and longitudinal profile analysis. In addition, we use field and remote mapping to constrain the geometry of two key marker beds, the Pliocene Kızılkaya ignimbrite and Kışladaǧ limestone, in order to investigate deformation in the footwall of the Tuzgölü fault zone. The marker beds form a broad arch along the footwall of the fault, with greatest cumulative displacement along the central part of the fault zone, suggesting early Pliocene extensional reactivation of the Tuzgölü fault with a typical fault-displacement profile. However, a change in deformation pattern is marked by transient knickpoints along river channels; morphometric indicators sensitive to shorter (1−3 Ma) time scales, including river steepness, basin elongation, and mountain front sinuosity, indicate an overall southeastward increase in footwall uplift rate of the Tuzgölü fault zone, which could reflect block rotation or interaction with the Hasan Dag volcano. Basin asymmetry and basin-fault azimuth measurements indicate north-northwest tilting of footwall catchments, which may be linked to regional tilting across the Central Anatolian Plateau interior. Varying patterns of spatial and temporal deformation along the length of the Tuzgölü fault zone are likely due to the interference of crustal- and lithospheric-scale processes, such as rotation of crustal blocks, extrusion of the Anatolian microplate, crustal heating, gravitational collapse associated with plateau uplift, and mantle-driven vertical displacements.
Radiofrequency denervation for chronic back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chappell Mary Elizabeth , Lakshman Raj , Trotter Patrick , Abrahams Mark , Lee Michael
Published: July 2020

Objectives

To assess the effectiveness of radiofrequency denervation (RD) of lumbosacral anatomical targets for the management of chronic back pain.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods

A database search (Medline, Medline in Process, Embase, CINHAL and the Cochrane library) was conducted from January 2014 to April 2019 for placebo or no-treatment controlled trials of RD for the management of chronic back pain. Included trials were quality assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool and the quality of outcomes assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate mean difference (MD) in post-treatment Pain Score.

Results

Nineteen RCTs were included in the review. There appears to be short-term pain relief (1–3 months) provided by RD of the sacroiliac joint (five trials, MD −1.53, CI −2.62 to 0.45) and intervertebral discs (four trials, MD −0.98, CI −1.84 to 0.12), but the placebo effect is large and additional intervention effect size is small (<1 on an 11 point (0–10) Pain Scale). Longer-term effectiveness (>6 months) is uncertain.

Conclusions

RD of selected lumbosacral targets appears to have a small, short-term, positive effect for the management of patients with chronic back pain. However, the quality of evidence for the majority of outcomes is low or very low quality and there is still a degree of uncertainty, particularly around the duration of effect.
Improving rates of metabolic monitoring on an inpatient psychiatric ward
Authors: Michael Sarah , MacDonald Kirsty
Published: July 2020

Objectives

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of premature death in patients with mental illness. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of co-occurring cardiovascular risk factors, seen in high frequency in severe mental illness. Despite ease of diagnosis, monitoring is often poor across psychiatric populations. This report details a quality improvement initiative undertaken on an inpatient psychiatric ward to improve rates of metabolic monitoring.

Methods

Four key interventions were developed: (1) A nurse-led intervention, where nurses were upskilled in performing metabolic monitoring, (2) Education was provided to all staff, (3) Introduction of a suite of interventions to improve metabolic risk and (4) Ongoing consumer involvement. A pre–post intervention study design was used to measure effectiveness, with an audit of metabolic monitoring rates performed 12 months after the intervention began.

Results

Rates of weight and height monitoring both increased from 46.0% to 69.5% (p=0.0185) and body mass index (BMI) recordings increased from 33% to 63% (p=0.0031). Rates of waist circumference monitoring increased from 44.2% to 65.2% (p=0.0498). Blood pressure (BP) measurements increased from 88.5% to 100% (p=0.0188). Lipid monitoring rates improved from 23% to 69.5% (p=0.001). Rates of glucose monitoring increased from 74% to 82.5% (p=0.8256), although this was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

We found that metabolic monitoring improved following these simple interventions, with a statistically significant increase in measurement rates of weight, BP, height, lipids, BMI and waist circumference (p<0.05). Overall monitoring of glucose also improved, although not to significant levels. The intervention was acceptable to both patients and staff.
Dietary Sodium Restriction Decreases Urinary Ngal in Older Adults with Moderately Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure Free from Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wang Wei , Chonchol Michel , Seals Douglas R , Nowak Kristen L
Published: July 2020

Increased aortic stiffness may contribute to kidney damage by transferring excessive flow pulsatility to susceptible renal microvasculature, leading to constriction or vessel loss. We previously demonstrated that 5 weeks of dietary sodium restriction (DSR) reduces large-elastic artery stiffness as well as blood pressure in healthy middle-aged/older adults with moderately elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) who are free from chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that DSR in this cohort would also reduce urinary concentrations of renal tubular injury biomarkers, which predict incident CKD in the general population. We performed a post hoc analysis using stored 24 hours urine samples collected in 13 participants as part of a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial of DSR (low sodium (LS) target: 50 mmol/day; normal sodium (NS) target: 150 mmol/day). Participants were 61±2 (mean±SEM) years (8 M/5 F) with a baseline blood pressure of 139±2/82±2 mm Hg and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 79±3 mL/min/1.73 m2. Twenty-four hour urinary sodium excretion was reduced from 149±7 to 66±8 mmol/day during week 5. Despite having preserved kidney function, participants had a 31% reduction in urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations with just 5 weeks of DSR (LS: 2.8±0.6 vs NS: 4.2±0.8 ng/mL, p<0.05). Results were similar when normalized to urinary creatinine (urinary creatinine did not change between conditions). Concentrations of another kidney tubular injury biomarker, kidney injury molecule-1, were below the detectable limit in all but one sample. In conclusion, DSR reduces an established clinical biomarker of kidney tubular damage in adults with moderately elevated SBP who are free from prevalent kidney disease.
Neuromedin B Receptor Mediates Neuromedin B-Induced Cox-2 and Il-6 Expression in Human Primary Myometrial Cells
Authors: Chen Jingfei , Shi Yun , Huang Jingrui , Luo Jiefeng , Zhang Weishe
Published: July 2020

The precise mechanisms that lead to parturition remain unclear. In our initial complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray experiment, we found that the neuromedin B receptor (NMBR) was differentially expressed in the human myometrium during spontaneous or oxytocin-induced labor. We have previously shown that neuromedin B (NMB) could induce interleukin 6 (IL-6) and type 2 cyclo-oxygenase enzyme (COX-2) expression in the primary human myometrial cells via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor p65 (p65) and Jun proto-oncogene, activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor subunit (c-Jun). This study is aimed to investigate whether NMBR is required for NMB-induced effect. Primary myometrial cell culture was established to provide a suitable model to investigate the mechanism of NMB in labor initiation. Immunochemical staining was conducted to validate the NMBR expression in primary myometrial cells. The mRNA and protein expression of NMBR, p65, c-Jun, COX-2 and IL-6 were assessed by Quantitative Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Lentiviruses with shRNAs targeting NMBR or containing cDNA sequence of NMBR were transfected to primary myometrial cells to knockdown or overexpress NMBR. Cell death was determined by annexin V and propidium iodide staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. The upregulation of COX-2 and IL-6 and phosphorylation of p65 and c-Jun were significantly attenuated by knockdown of NMBR and enhanced by overexpressed NMBR following NMB treatment, with no significant change in total p65 and c-Jun. In summary, this study showed that NMBR-mediated NMB-induced NF-κB and AP-1 activation, which in turn, induce expression of IL-6 and COX-2 in primary myometrial cells.
Strategies to improve the efficiency of beef cattle production
Authors: Terry Stephanie A. , Basarab John A. , Guan Le Luo , McAllister Tim A.
Published: July 2020

Globally, there are approximately one billion beef cattle, and compared with poultry and swine, beef cattle have the poorest conversion efficiency of feed to meat. However, these metrics fail to consider that beef cattle produce high-quality protein from feeds that are unsuitable for other livestock species. Strategies to improve the efficiency of beef cattle are focusing on operational and breeding management, host genetics, functional efficiency of rumen and respiratory microbiomes, and the structure and composition of feed. These strategies must also consider the health and immunity of the herd as well as the need for beef cattle to thrive in a changing environment. Genotyping can identify hybrid vigor with positive consequences for animal health, productivity, and environmental adaptability. The role of microbiome–host interactions is key in efficient nutrient digestion and host health. Microbial markers and gene expression patterns within the rumen microbiome are being used to identify hosts that are efficient at fibre digestion. Plant breeding and processing are optimizing the feed value of both forages and concentrates. Strategies to improve the efficiency of cattle production are a prerequisite for the sustainable intensification needed to satisfy the future demand for beef.
Comparison of the Canadian standard and other standards for wind loading on self-supporting telecommunication towers
Authors: Martín Patricia , El Damatty Ashraf
Published: July 2020

Designing telecommunication towers to withstand wind loads requires specific considerations, which has led the international civil engineering community to develop specific standards for these structures. The recent internationalization of the construction business has made it imperative for engineers to acquire knowledge and interpretation of codes from different countries. In light of the 2018 update of Canadian Standard CSA-S37-18 (CSA), evaluating its differences against other international standards for telecommunication towers has become important. This paper presents a comparison of the wind loading specifications for self-supporting telecommunication towers according to CSA; Australian Standard; Eurocode EN-1993-1; and US Standard TIA-222-G. The different standards have also been evaluated with respect to the values of the axial forces and the elements ratio for two self-supporting telecommunication towers. The parameters related to the wind profiles and the gust effect factor presented the highest difference between the standards.
Brane cosmology and the self-tuning of the cosmological constant in the presence of bulk black holes
Authors: Betzios P. , Papadoulaki O.
Published: July 2020

Motivated by the holographic self-tuning proposal of the cosmological constant, we generalize and study the cosmology of brane-worlds embedded in a higher-dimensional bulk black hole geometry. We describe the equations and matching conditions in the case of flat, spherical and hyperbolic slicing of the bulk geometry and find the conditions for the existence of a static solution. We solve the equations that govern dynamical geometries in the probe brane limit and we describe in detail the resulting brane-world cosmologies. Of particular interest are the properties of solutions when the brane-world approaches the black hole horizon. In this case the geometry induced on the brane is that of de Sitter, whose entropy and temperature is related to those of the higher dimensional bulk black hole.
Propagation of non-linear waves in hot, ideal, and non-extensive quark–gluon plasma
Authors: Bhattacharyya Trambak , Mukherjee Abhik
Published: July 2020

We study the propagation of energy density perturbation in a hot, ideal quark–gluon medium in which quarks and gluons follow the Tsallis-like momentum distributions. We have observed that a non-extensive MIT bag equation of state obtained with the help of the quantum Tsallis-like distributions gives rise to a breaking wave solution of the equation dictating the evolution of energy density perturbation. However, the breaking of waves is delayed when the value of the Tsallisqparameter and the Tsallis temperatureTare higher.
Erratum to: Oddity in nonrelativistic, strong gravity
Authors: Ergen Mert , Hamamcı Efe , Van den Bleeken Dieter
Published: July 2020

In the original version of this article, the last name of the second author missed its last letter.
Design of Lagrangian-Based FOPID Controller for Desired Closed Loop System
Authors: Sahoo Amit Kumar , Mishra Sudhansu Kumar
Published: July 2020

In this paper, Lagrangian-based method has been proposed for tuning the parameters of fractional order [Formula: see text] controller. In this method, the five parameters ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) of fractional order [Formula: see text] controller (FOPID) are suitably optimized, and successfully applied to a benchmark stable second-order feedback system. To prove the performance of the proposed method, several state-of-the-art approaches were compared. The computational complexity, robustness and stability analysis has been performed to investigate the performance of all these algorithms. Moreover, the precision and flexibility analysis among all these approaches has also been carried out in this paper. The closed loop response of the second-order bench mark stable plant in Simulink has also been depicted in this paper.
Asymmetry-Induced Dynamics for a Class of Diode-Based Chaotic Circuits: A Case Study
Authors: Kengne Léandre Kamdjeu , Kengne Jacques , Telem Nicole Adelaïde Kengnou , Pone Justin Roger Mboupda , Tagne Hervé Thierry Kamdem
Published: July 2020

We consider the modeling and asymmetry-induced dynamics for a class of chaotic circuits sharing the same feature of an antiparallel diodes pair as the nonlinear component. The simple autonomous jerk circuit of [J. Kengne, Z. T. Njitacke, A. N. Nguomkam, M. T. Fouodji and H. B. Fotsin, Coexistence of multiple attractors and crisis route to chaos in a novel chaotic jerk circuit, Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 26 (2016) 1650081] is used as the prototype. In contrast to current approaches where the diodes are assumed to be identical (and thus a perfect symmetric circuit), we examine the more realistic situation where the diodes have different electrical properties in spite of unavoidable scattering of parameters. In this case, the nonlinear component formed by the diodes pair displays an asymmetric current–voltage characteristic which induces asymmetry of the whole circuit. The model is described by a continuous-time 3D autonomous system (ODEs) with exponential nonlinearities. We examine the chaos mechanism with respect to system parameters both in the symmetric and asymmetric modes of operation by using bifurcation diagrams and phase space trajectory plots as the main indicators. Period doubling route to chaos, merging crisis, and multiple coexisting (i.e., two, four, or six) mutually symmetric attractors are reported in the symmetric mode of oscillation. In the asymmetric mode, several unusual nonlinear behaviors arise such as coexisting bifurcations, hysteresis, asymmetric double-band chaotic attractor, crisis, and coexisting multiple (i.e., two, three, four, or five) asymmetric attractors for some suitable ranges of parameters. Theoretical analyses and circuit experiments show a very good agreement. The results obtained in this work let us conjecture that chaotic circuits with antiparallel diodes pair are capable of much more complex dynamics than what is reported in the current literature and thus should be reconsidered accordingly in spite of the approach followed in this work.
Wave functions for pentadiagonal matrices in the weak coupling limit
Authors: Zamick Larry
Published: July 2020

We consider a pentadiagonal matrix which will be described in this paper. We demonstrate practical methods for obtaining weak coupling expressions for the lowest eigenvector in terms of the parameters in the matrix, v and w. It is found that the expressions simplify if the wave function coefficients are put in the denominator.
New empirical formula for calculating (n,p) reaction cross-sections at 14.5MeV neutrons
Authors: Akrawy Dashty T. , Ahmed Ali H. , Tel E. , Aydin A. , Sihver L.
Published: July 2020

An empirical formula to calculate the ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] reaction cross-sections for 14.5[Formula: see text]MeV neutrons for 183 target nuclei in the range [Formula: see text] is presented. Evaluated cross-section data from TENDL nuclear data library were used to test and benchmark the formula. In this new formula, the nonelastic cross-section term is replaced by the atomic number [Formula: see text], while the asymmetry parameter-dependent exponential term has been retained. The calculated results are presented in comparison with the seven previously published formulae. We show that the new formula is significantly in better agreement with the measured values compared to previously published formulae.
Study on the Sensitive Factors of Structural Nonlinear Damage Based on the Innovation Series
Authors: Chen Liujie , Mei Yahui , Fu Jiyang , Ng Ching Tai , Cui Zhen
Published: July 2020

Constructing a damage-sensitive factor (DSF) is one of the key steps in structural damage detection. In this paper, innovation series extracted from the auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model are proposed to construct a DSF, which is defined as the standard deviation of innovation (SDI). A three-story shear building structure is used to demonstrate and verify the performance of the proposed method, and the results are compared with the standard deviation of the residuals (SDR) based on an auto-regressive (AR) model. In the proposed method, the AR model is established using the acceleration responses obtained from the reference and test states. The residual series are then extracted for fitting the SDR. Subsequently, the ARCH model is constructed based on the residual series from the AR model, and a new DSF of SDI is defined. This study focuses on analyzing the accuracy of fitting AR model and ARCH model to vibration response data via the normal probability distribution, and identifying the characteristics of the residual and innovation series. The mean squared error (MSE) is used as the loss function to calculate the loss on residual and innovation series from the AR model and ARCH model, respectively. The results demonstrate that the SDR can be used for nonlinear damage detection. However, the proposed SDI can provide more accurate nonlinear damage identification and is robust to varying environmental condition and small damages. Thus, the innovation series developed based on ARCH model are promising for expressing and constructing nonlinear DSFs.
A Nonparametric Method for Identifying Structural Damage in Bridges Based on the Best-Fit Auto-Regressive Models
Authors: Khuc Tung , Nguyen Phat Tien , Nguyen Andy , Catbas F. Necati
Published: July 2020

An enhanced method to determine the best-fit auto-regressive model (AR model) for structural damage identification is proposed in this paper. Whereby, two parameters of the model, including the number of model order and the window size of data, are analyzed simultaneously in order to accomplish the optimized values by means of Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) algorithm. The damage condition of structures can be detected by defined damage indicators obtained from the first three AR coefficients of the best-fit AR models. The ability of the proposed damage identification method is compared with the process that only utilizes conventional AR models without concern of parameter selection. The proposed method is verified using experimental data previously collected from a large-size bridge structure in the Structural Laboratory at the University of Central Florida. The results indicate that this method can detect and locate damage more effectively.
Comparative Modal Analysis of Monopile and Jacket Supported Offshore Wind Turbines including Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Abdullahi A. , Wang Y. , Bhattacharya S.
Published: July 2020

Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) have emerged as a reliable source of renewable energy, witnessing massive deployment across the world. While there is a wide range of support foundations for these structures, the monopile and jacket are most utilized so far; their deployment is largely informed by water depths and turbine ratings. However, the recommended water depth ranges are often violated, leading to cross-deployment of the two foundation types. This study first investigates the dynamic implication of this practice to incorporate the findings into future analysis and design of these structures. Detailed finite element (FE) models of Monopile and Jacket supported OWTs are developed in the commercial software, ANSYS. Nonlinear soil springs are used to simulate the soil-structure interactions (SSI) and the group effects of the jacket piles are considered by using the relevant modification factors. Modal analyzes of the fixed and flexible-base cases are carried out, and natural frequencies are chosen as the comparison parameters throughout the study. Second, this study constructs a few-parameters SSI model for the two FE models developed above, which aims to use fewer variables in the FE model updating process without compromising its simulation quality. Maximum lateral soil resistance and soil depths are related using polynomial equations, this replaces the standard nonlinear soil spring model. The numerical results show that for the same turbine rating and total height, jacket supported OWTs generally have higher first-order natural frequencies than the monopile supported OWTs, while the reverse is true for the second-order vibration modes, for both fixed and flexible foundations. This contributes to future design considerations of OWTs. On the other hand, with only two parameters, the proposed SSI model has achieved the same accuracy as that using the standard model with seven parameters. It has the potential to become a new SSI model, especially for the identification of soil properties through the model updating process.
Running Safety of a High-Speed Train within a Bridge Zone
Authors: Poliakov V. , Nan Zhang , Saurin V. , Thanh Dang Ngoc
Published: July 2020

This paper describes the issue of validity of running safety criterion on high-speed railways (HSR). In this research, the 2D model of ‘car–track–bridge’ system is used. A feature of HSR is the practical reaching of the critical speeds that cause resonance of bridge superstructures. The Eurocode establishes the limit of bridge superstructure acceleration below 5[Formula: see text]m/s2 in case of nonballasted track. This limit does not suit in certain conditions such as resonance of the superstructure that is permitted in Eurocode. In this case, there is no correlation between acceleration limit and firm wheel–rail contact. The numerical analysis shows repeated wheel lift-off during train passing a bridge zone. It is resonance of the bridge deck that causes this effect because without resonance, the running train is safe. Lower damping in nonballasted track increases resonant vibration influence.
On the restricted Jordan plane in odd characteristic
Authors: Andruskiewitsch Nicolás , Peña Pollastri Héctor
Published: July 2020

In positive characteristic the Jordan plane covers a finite-dimensional Nichols algebra that was described by Cibils et al. and we call the restricted Jordan plane. In this paper, the characteristic is odd. The defining relations of the Drinfeld double of the restricted Jordan plane are presented and its simple modules are determined. A Hopf algebra that deserves the name of double of the Jordan plane is introduced and various quantum Frobenius maps are described. The finite-dimensional pre-Nichols algebras intermediate between the Jordan plane and its restricted version are classified. The defining relations of the graded dual of the Jordan plane are given.
From grids to pseudo-grids of lines: Resolution and seminormality
Authors: Cioffi Francesca , Guida Margherita , Ramella Luciana
Published: July 2020

Over an infinite field [Formula: see text], we investigate the minimal free resolution of some configurations of lines. We explicitly describe the minimal free resolution of complete grids of lines and obtain an analogous result about the so-called complete pseudo-grids. Moreover, we characterize the total Betti numbers of configurations that are obtained posing a multiplicity condition on the lines of either a complete grid or a complete pseudo-grid. Finally, we analyze when a complete pseudo-grid is seminormal, differently from a complete grid. The main tools that have been involved in our study are the mapping cone procedure and properties of liftings, of pseudo-liftings and of weighted ideals. Although complete grids and pseudo-grids are hypersurface configurations and many results about such type of configurations have already been stated in literature, we give new contributions, in particular about the maps of the resolution.
Modules which are invariant under nilpotents of their envelopes and covers
Authors: Quynh Truong Cong , Abyzov Adel , Tai Dinh Duc
Published: July 2020

A module is called nilpotent-invariant if it is invariant under any nilpotent endomorphism of its injective envelope [M. T. Koşan and T. C. Quynh, Nilpotent-invaraint modules and rings, Comm. Algebra 45 (2017) 2775–2782]. In this paper, we continue the study of nilpotent-invariant modules and analyze their relationship to (quasi-)injective modules. It is proved that a right module [Formula: see text] over a semiprimary ring is nilpotent-invariant iff all nilpotent endomorphisms of submodules of [Formula: see text] extend to nilpotent endomorphisms of [Formula: see text]. It is also shown that a right module [Formula: see text] over a prime right Goldie ring with dim[Formula: see text] is nilpotent-invariant iff it is injective. We also study nilpotent-coinvariant modules that are the dual notation of nilpotent-invariant modules. It is proved that if [Formula: see text] is a finitely generated nilpotent-coinvariant right module with [Formula: see text] square-full, then [Formula: see text] is quasi-projective. Some characterizations and structures of nilpotent-coinvariant modules are considered.
Effect of Transferrin on Cellular Uptake or Expulsion of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Yanan , Ding Lin , Yao Chenjie , Li Chenchen , Zhang Junfeng , Yin Xuelian , Wu Minghong , Wang Yanli
Published: July 2020

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer treatment as excellent regenerative photocatalysts. However, there are some challenges because of their poor dispersity. Transferrin (Tf) was tried to modify the surface of TiO2 NPs to reduce the aggregation, which further affected uptake and excretion on SMMC-7721 human liver cancer cells. Initially, TiO2 NPs modified with Tf (TiO2-Tf NPs) entered into the cells faster than the pure TiO2 NPs which remain attaching on the cell membrane after short-term co-incubation. Tf modification increased the rate and amount of cellular endocytosis. Both TiO2 NPs and TiO2-Tf NPs were observed in lysosomes after long-term co-incubation through clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway. Expulsion of NPs was then observed and it was found that the exocytosis of TiO2-Tf NPs was fast in the first 24 h, and then slowed down gradually from 24 h to 144 h. Totally, existence of Tf decreased the exocytosis of TiO2 NPs. Furthermore, the differences of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity between TiO2 NPs and TiO2-Tf NPs show that surface-adsorbed Tf components provide some protection from the cytotoxic effect by reducing the production of intracellular ROS. TiO2-Tf NPs obviously affected cell cycle, indicating a significant G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. Our results offer a promising application of easily aggregated TiO2 NPs in the nanomedicine field.
Generalization of the basis property on finite groups
Authors: Al-Dayel Ibrahim , Al Khalaf Ahmad
Published: July 2020

A group [Formula: see text] has the Basis Property if every subgroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] has an equivalent basis (minimal generating set). We studied a special case of the finite group with the Basis Property, when [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] is an abelian group. We found the necessary and sufficient conditions on an abelian [Formula: see text]-group [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] with the Basis Property to be kernel of Frobenius group.
Chain level proof for the isomorphism between Lie and Hochschild homologies
Authors: Altawallbeh Zuhier
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we prove the commutativity of the square in the chain level of both Chevalley Eilenberg complex of Lie homology and Hochschild complex, where the antisymmetrization map is used between the complexes. Originally, Loday proved this isomorphism by constructing a certain map satisfying relations of a presimplicial homotopy to prove the commutativity of the square mentioned above. Here, we present a different approach for the proof of the commutativity without constructing that certain map satisfying the relations of the presimplicial homotopy.
Clique doubly connected domination in the join and lexicographic product of graphs
Authors: Enriquez Enrico L. , Ngujo Albert D.
Published: July 2020

Let [Formula: see text] be a connected simple graph. A set [Formula: see text] is a doubly connected dominating set if it is dominating and both [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are connected. A nonempty subset [Formula: see text] of the vertex set [Formula: see text] is a clique in [Formula: see text] if the graph [Formula: see text] induced by [Formula: see text] is complete. A clique dominating set [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is a clique doubly connected dominating set if [Formula: see text] is a doubly connected dominating set of [Formula: see text]. The clique doubly connected domination number of [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is the smallest cardinality of a clique doubly connected dominating set [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we give the characterization of the clique doubly connected dominating set and the clique doubly connected domination number in the join (and lexicographic product) of two graphs.
Research and Development of “Science-Based Entreprenenurial Firms” and Industrial Transformation Mechanism: Case Study Approach
Authors: Chen Hong , Lei Jiasu
Published: July 2020

In practice, it is found that the establishment of “science-based entreprenenurial firms” (SBEFs) is an important way for universities and public research institutes (PRIs) to promote the transformation of scientific research achievements. This paper focuses on the research of SBEFs originated from universities and PRIs, trying to find out the regularity of the transformation of scientific research achievements by universities and PRIs with the help of such firms. In this paper, the four case studies have found that this kind of enterprise has eight characteristics, namely, the basic scientific initiative, startup led by scientists, market demand brought over scientific innovation, enterprise growth driven by scientific innovation, national support in an early stage, win–win partnership between university and firms, governance structure that encouraged entrepreneurship and finally, close cooperation among interdisciplinary scientific groups. This paper further argues that the key to solve the problem lies in encouraging the establishment of SBEFs and grasping these eight points. This study also shades light on the policy implications for government, universities and PRIs’ scientific and technological policy as well as scientists’ entrepreneurship.
A Weakly Supervised WordNet-Guided Deep Learning Approach to Extracting Aspect Terms from Online Reviews
Authors: Tao Jie , Zhou Lina
Published: July 2020

The unstructured nature of online reviews makes it inefficient and inconvenient for prospective consumers to research and use in support of purchase decision making. The aspects of products provide a fine-grained meaningful perspective for understanding and organizing review texts. Traditional aspect term extraction approaches rely on discrete language models that treat words in isolation. Despite that continuous-space language models have demonstrated promise in addressing a wide range of problems, their application in aspect term extraction faces significant challenges. For instance, existing continuous-space language models typically require large collections of labeled data, which remain difficult to obtain in many domains. More importantly, previous methods are largely data driven but overlook the role of human knowledge in guiding model development. To address these limitations, this study designs and develops weakly supervised WordNet-guided deep learning to aspect term extraction. The approach draws on deep-level semantic information from WordNet to guide not only the selection representative seed terms but also the pruning of aspect candidate terms. The weak supervision is provided by a very small set of labeled data. We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed method using both direct and indirect methods. The evaluation results with Yelp restaurant reviews demonstrate that our proposed method consistently outperforms all baseline methods including discrete models and the state-of-the-art continuous-space language models for aspect term extraction across both direct and indirect evaluations. The research findings have broad research, technical, and practical implications for various stakeholders of online reviews.
Thorny problems in data (-intensive) science
Authors: Scroggins Michael J. , Pasquetto Irene V. , Geiger R. Stuart , Boscoe Bernadette M. , Darch Peter T. , Cabasse-Mazel Charlotte , Thompson Cheryl , Golshan Milena S. , Borgman Christine L.
Published: July 2020

Data scientists face challenges spanning academic and non-academic institutions.
Using application layer banner data to automatically identify IoT devices
Authors: Javed Talha , Haseeb Muhammad , Abdullah Muhammad , Javed Mobin
Published: July 2020

In this paper, we re-implement a recent work published in Usenix Security 2018: "Acquistional Rule Based Engine for Discovering Internet-of-Things Devices". The paper introduced an NLP-based engine for automatically identifying the type, vendor, and product of IoT devices given banner data as input. We report on our efforts to reproduce the original implementation of the engine, documenting ambiguities around implementation and evaluation details that we encountered, as well as how we addressed them in our work. We evaluate our implementation on two ground truth datasets, finding that it fails to achieve the accuracy reported by the original authors. Our findings highlight the importance of recent community efforts towards a culture of reproducibility by presenting an example of how ambiguities in a research paper combined with lack of access to the original datasets can significantly affect a faithful re-implementation and evaluation.
Open educational resources for computer networking
Authors: Bonaventure O. , De Coninck Q. , Duchêne F. , Gégo A. , Jadin M. , Michel F. , Piraux M. , Poncin C. , Tilmans O.
Published: July 2020

To reflect the importance of network technologies, networking courses are now part of the core materials of Computer Science degrees. We report our experience in jointly developing an open-source ebook for the introductory course, and a series of open educational resources for both the introductory and advanced networking courses. These ensure students actively engage with the course materials, through a hands-on approach; and scale to the larger classrooms and limited teaching staff, by leveraging open-source resources and an automated grading platform to provide feedback. We evaluate the impact of these pedagogical innovations by surveying the students, who indicated that these were helpful for them to master the course materials.
The History, Status, and Future of FPGAs
Authors: Mencer Oskar , Allison Dennis , Blatt Elad , Cummings Mark , Flynn Michael J. , Harris Jerry , Hewitt Carl , Jacobson Quinn , Lavasani Maysam , Moazami Mohsen , Murray Hal , Nikravesh Masoud , Nowatzyk Andreas , Shand Mark , Shirazi Shahram
Published: July 2020

This article is a summary of a three-hour discussion at Stanford University in September 2019 among the authors. It has been written with combined experiences at and with organizations such as Zilog, Altera, Xilinx, Achronix, Intel, IBM, Stanford, MIT, Berkeley, University of Wisconsin, the Technion, Fairchild, Bell Labs, Bigstream, Google, DIGITAL (DEC), SUN, Nokia, SRI, Hitachi, Silicom, Maxeler Technologies, VMware, Xerox PARC, Cisco, and many others. These organizations are not responsible for the content, but may have inspired the authors in some ways, to arrive at the colorful ride through FPGA space described above.
A hydraulic model of cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology embedded into a computer-based teaching system for student training in laboratory courses
Authors: Christ Andreas , Barowsky Dieter , Gekle Michael , Thews Oliver
Published: July 2020

Functional understanding of the different parts of the cardiovascular system is essential for an insight into pathomechanisms of numerous diseases. During training cardiovascular physiology, students and early-stage medical personnel should understand the role of different functional parameters for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as for blood flow. The impact of isolated parameters can only be studied in models. Here physical hydraulic models are an advantage in which the students have a direct contact to the mechanical properties of the circulatory system. But these models are often difficult to handle. The aim of the present study was to develop a comprehensive model of the cardiovascular system, including a mechanical heart with valves, an elastic aorta, a more rigid peripheral artery system, a total peripheral resistance, and a venous reservoir representing the variable cardiac preload. This model allows one to vary systematically several functional parameters and to continuously record their impact on pressure and flow. This model is embedded into a computer-based teaching system (LabTutor) in which the students are guided through the handling of the model (as well as the systematic variation of parameters), and the measured data can be analyzed. This hybrid teaching system, which is routinely integrated in physiology laboratory courses of medical students, allows students to work with a complex hydraulic model of the cardiovascular system and to analyze systematically the impact of influencing variables (e.g., increased peripheral resistance or changed cardiac preload) as well as pathophysiological dysfunctions (e.g., reduced aortic compliance).
Microfluidic confinement enhances phenotype and function of hepatocyte spheroids
Authors: Choi Jong Hoon , Loarca Lorena , De Hoyos-Vega Jose M. , Dadgar Neda , Loutherback Kevin , Shah Vijay H. , Stybayeva Gulnaz , Revzin Alexander
Published: July 2020

A number of cell culture approaches have been described for maintenance of primary hepatocytes. Forming hepatocytes into three-dimensional (3-D) spheroids is one well-accepted method for extending epithelial phenotype of these cells. Our laboratory has previously observed enhanced function of two-dimensional (2-D, monolayer) hepatocyte cultures in microfluidic devices due to increased production of several hepato-inductive growth factors, including hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). In the present study, we wanted to test a hypothesis that culturing hepatocyte spheroids (3-D) in microfluidic devices will also result in enhanced phenotype and function. To test this hypothesis, we fabricated devices with small and large volumes. Both types of devices included a microstructured floor containing arrays of pyramidal wells to promote assembly of hepatocytes into spheroids with individual diameters of ~100 µm. The hepatocyte spheroids were found to be more functional, as evidenced by higher level of albumin synthesis, bile acid production, and hepatic enzyme expression, in low-volume compared with large-volume devices. Importantly, high functionality of spheroid cultures correlated with elevated levels of HGF secretion. Although decay of hepatic function (albumin secretion) was observed over the course 3 wk, this behavior could be abrogated by inhibiting TGF-β1 signaling. With TGF-β1 inhibitor, microfluidic hepatocyte spheroid cultures maintained high and stable levels of albumin synthesis over the course of 4 wk. To further highlight utility of this culture platform for liver disease modeling, we carried out alcohol injury experiments in microfluidic devices and tested protective effects of interleukin-22: a potential therapy for alcoholic hepatitis.
A comparative study of a preclinical survival model of smoke inhalation injury in mice and rats
Authors: Mercel Alexandra I. , Gillis David C. , Sun Kui , Dandurand Brooke R. , Weiss Jenna M. , Tsihlis Nick D. , Maile Rob , Kibbe Melina R.
Published: July 2020

Smoke inhalation injury increases morbidity and mortality. Clinically relevant animal models are necessary for the continued investigation of the pathophysiology of inhalation injury and the development of therapeutics. The goal of our research was threefold: 1) to develop a reproducible survival model of smoke inhalation injury in rats that closely resembled our previous mouse model, 2) to validate the rat smoke inhalation injury model using a variety of laboratory techniques, and 3) to compare and contrast our rat model with both the well-established mouse model and previously published rat models to highlight our improvements on smoke delivery and lung injury. Mice and rats were anesthetized, intubated, and placed in custom-built smoke chambers to passively inhale woodchip-generated smoke. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were collected for confirmatory tests. Lung sections were hematoxylin and eosin stained, lung edema was assessed with wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio, and inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine elevation were evaluated using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. We confirmed that our mouse and rat models of smoke inhalation injury mimic the injury seen after human burn inhalation injury with evidence of pulmonary edema, neutrophil infiltration, and inflammatory cytokine elevation. Interestingly, rats mounted a more severe immunological response compared with mice. In summary, we successfully validated a reliable and clinically translatable survival model of lung injury and immune response in rats and mice and characterized the extent of this injury. These animal models allow for the continued study of smoke inhalation pathophysiology to ultimately develop a better therapeutic.