bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma ferramenta móvel para recomendação de visualização de dados abertos municipais
Authors: Vitório Marcelo , Barcellos Raissa , Bernardini Flávia , Viterbo José
Published: July 2021

As tarefas realizadas por órgãos governamentais produzem quantidades exorbitantes de dados brutos diariamente. Entretanto, o valor que estes dados poderiam proporcionar para os diversos setores da sociedade pode se perder caso estes não sejam devidamente coletados e gerenciados. Mesmo com a adoção de políticas de abertura de dados, as instituições ainda enfrentam problemas na utilização eficiente e interpretação destes dados por conta de problemas como falta de capacitação, ferramentas apropriadas ou fatores culturais. Neste trabalho propomos a construção de um aplicativo mobile para visualizar dados provenientes do Portal de dados abertos do município de Recife. O aplicativo é baseado em um framework de recomendação de visualizações de dados abertos, que é capaz de analisar os tipos de dados dos campos de um determinado conjunto de dados a fim de realizar a recomendação do tipo de visualização apropriada.
Classificação taxonômica de categorias de serviços públicos para aplicações digitais
Authors: Pereira Georgia C. , Monteiro Ingrid T. , Vasconcelos Davi R. , Braz Leonara , Silva Carlos H. C.
Published: July 2021

O presente trabalho apresenta um modelo de padronização de terminologias (taxonomia) para categorias de serviços públicos ofertados em aplicações digitais. Com base em levantamento de portais web e aplicações mobile de unidades federativas brasileiras, constatou-se a necessidade de uma hierarquização das informações e uma padronização das terminologias empregadas de modo a permitir a construção de interfaces mais claras e que permitam um acesso mais qualificado dos cidadãos aos serviços prestados. As categorias propostas têm como base uma associação funcional.
KG-E: Um Grafo de Conhecimento Semântico Baseado na Integração de Dados de Empresas e Sancionados
Authors: Rolim Tulio Vidal , Avila Caio Viktor S. , A. Junior Narciso Moura , Costa Francisca Jamires , Mariano Roberval Gomes , Calixto Tainan , Vidal Vania Maria Ponte
Published: July 2021

A integração de dados permite a descoberta de informações que à priori não eram possíveis em fontes distintas e isoladas. Para tanto, a utilização de Grafos de Conhecimento Semântico (Semantic Knowledge Graphs) fornece uma visão homogênea a partir de fontes heterogêneas integradas semânticamente. Este trabalho descreve o processo de construção e validação de KG-E, um Grafo de Conhecimento Semântico contendo dados de empresas cadastradas na Rede Nacional para a Simplificação do Registro e da Legalização de Empresas e Negócios (REDESIM) e de Sancionados a partir do Cadastro de Empresas Inidôneas e Suspensas (CEIS). KGE-E foi validado através de um estudo de caso com base em questões de competência, apresentando satisfatibilidade quanto às questões relativas ao domínio. Por fim, os resultados sugerem que KG-E demonstrou ser uma visão integrada e enriquecida semanticamente das bases do REDESIM e CEIS, facilitando a construção de aplicações para análises futuras sobre os dados integrados, permitindo desta forma novos insights no âmbito fiscal-empresarial.
O uso de Data Mart para apoio à tomada de decisão na Gestão de Pessoas em uma Instituição Federal de Ensino
Authors: Souza Edivaldo Da Silva , Abrantes Luiz Antônio , Lisboa-Filho Jugurta
Published: July 2021

Business Intelligence (BI) é composto por um banco de dados multidimensional, orientado por assunto, não volátil, histórico, decisório e variável em relação ao tempo. Ao aplicar o uso do Data Mart para uma Instituição Federal de Ensino no setor de gestão de pessoas, essa pesquisa trabalhou com os dados para desenvolver indicadores para a tomada de decisão. Questões como falta de sinergia entre as bases de dados existentes, qualidade dos dados fornecidos e impossibilidade da emissão de relatórios gerenciais em tempo hábil, foram tratados nesse estudo. Concluiu-se que a aplicação e implantação de BI através de Data Mart pode gerar dados precisos, solucionar os problemas e fornecer indicadores de desempenho.
A transformação inteligente das cidades brasileiras na perspectiva da governança de TIC
Authors: Reis Luis Claudio Diogo , Bernardini Flávia Cristina , Cappelli Claudia , Ferreira Simone Barcellar Leal
Published: July 2021

No contexto da transformação digital, os municípios estão adotando iniciativas de cidades inteligentes nas quais as TIC representam um elemento transversal. Vários estudos abordaram a inteligência das cidades, mas poucos com ênfase em governança das TIC. Assim, este estudo analisou as práticas de governança de TIC em quinze cidades brasileiras mais bem classificadas no índice Cidades Inteligentes Conectadas. A metodologia abrangeu pesquisa nos sites oficiais das cidades, nos portais de transparência e requisições de informação pela Lei Brasileira de Acesso à Informação. Os resultados evidenciaram que a maioria das prefeituras carece de uma abordagem de programa para cidades inteligentes e de boas práticas de governança de TIC, bem como algumas cidades não evidenciaram conformidade com a Lei de Acesso à Informação.
Benefícios da Utilização da Infraestrutura Computacional SIGELU no contexto da Gestão Municipal na criação de uma Cidade Inteligente
Authors: Almeida David W. S. , Ribeiro Victor V. , Souza Murilo M. P. , Souza Jano Moreira de , Chaves Miriam B. F.
Published: July 2021

As cidades inteligentes têm a tecnologia como pilar de apoio à aplicação de seus conceitos. O presente artigo apresenta um conjunto de benefícios percebidos pelos gestores públicos que participaram do projeto de implantação da plataforma de gestão urbana denominada SIGELU. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados qualitativamente através de um processo de codificação. Os resultados indicam uma ampla gama de benefícios para o município e gestores públicos, como a melhoria de gestão e a tomada de decisões. Além disso, foram identificados benefícios para o cidadão e para a sociedade, como ganhos com transparência e facilidade de acesso aos serviços públicos.
Programa Autoestima: Uma ferramenta Web pública e amigável que integra formação de profissionais da saúde e acolhimento psicossocial da população
Authors: Domingues Maria Cristina M. , Melo Kelsey M. , Miranda Alexandre  F. , Cayres Alina Zoqui de Freitas , Elias Rosangela
Published: July 2021

Este artigo descreve a implementação de uma plataforma digital web pública para a realização de cursos destinados a profissionais da área assistencial do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) e atendimento remoto aos cidadãos por meio de uma ferramenta pública de teleatendimento, desenvolvida pelo Governo de São Paulo. A plataforma foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de contribuir no contexto da pandemia Covid19, ofertando espaços de escuta e cuidado para a população, na modalidade virtual, visto a necessidade de se manter em isolamento social. Do ponto de vista do governo eletrônico sinaliza que, por conta do perfil que tem utilizado o programa, existe a barreira da inclusão digital e se faz necessário refletir sobre estratégias que possam ampliar o acesso ao recurso.
Basel IV: The Challenge of II Pillar for Risk Management Function
Authors: Porretta Pasqualina , Santoboni Fabrizio
Published: July 2021

The book is based on Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP) is conducted annually by the Supervisory Authorities to verify that each bank (Significant/Less Significant) has implemented strategies, processes, capital, and liquidity assessment process appropriate to the business model and overall planning activity and risk governance system. Analysis of the aims, the features, and the different phases of SREP and the proportionality principles on which the Single Rulebook is based. Some reflections about proportionality principle of Single Rule Book and new skills required to Risk Management function. The research emphasised the need for a holistic approach also in Risk Management and the bank’s business activity.
Functional and Therapeutic Potential of γ-Oryzanol
Authors: Sulaiman Aasiya , Sulaiman Aisha , Sert Mehtap , Safwan Ali Khan Mohammed , A. Khan Mansoor
Published: July 2021

This chapter summarizes the entire literature available on the nutritional value and diverse therapeutic potentials Gamma-oryzanol, a nutraceutical obtained from rice brain oil, composed of a mixture of γ - oryzanol, a mixture of ferulic acid esters of phytosterols and triterpenoids, cycloartenyl ferulate, 24-methylenecycloartanyl ferulate, and campesteryl ferulate. In brief, the review covers the aspects such as the antioxidant mechanisms, effects on immune system, lipid disorders, diabetes, obesity and inflammation with the details of preclinical experiments, models and observations. Among the other highlights are the hepatoprotective, neuroprotective role in various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s, anxiety, Parkinson’s disease and wound healing effects. An overview of the sources, chemistry, physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and toxicity studies are also included.
Evaluating Insects as Bioindicators of the Wetland Environment Quality (Arid Region of Algeria)
Authors: Djamel Brahimi , Abdelkader Rahmouni , Abdelghani Brahimi , Lotfi Mesli
Published: July 2021

The wetland of Naâma situated in the arid region of Alegria offers an important fauna and flora diversity due to its geographical location it constitutes the main resting place in North Africa for migratory birds. Insects are used as bioindicators, due to their sensitivity to environmental conditions which, because of their ecological peculiarities, gives information on the characteristics of terrestrial and aquatic environments. The aim of this study is to know and specify the entomofauna bio-indicator of the quality of the aquatic environment of the wetland Naâma (SW Algeria). The study carried out in the wetland from September 2017 to September 2020. Benthic insects were sampled according to the IBGN protocol (Standard Global Biological Index). Study and statistical analysis of insects communities was based by the use of the structural and statistical index, Correspondence factor analysis (CFA), and The ascending hierarchical classification (C.H.A). The results show that the collected insect 51 species, belong to 9 orders, The Coleoptera order is the most represented with 11 species, followed by the Odonata with six species, Lepidoptera ranks third with five species followed by Diptera with 03 species. The various indicators used, namely the specific richness (51 species), the Shannon index (1.01 bits), and fairness (0.56) show that this environment is characterized by significant fauna biodiversity. The study of the hydro-biological quality of the water courses of this site, assessed by the IBGN method showed a good hydro-biological quality with moderate pollution (IBGN = 14). This pollution is precisely marked by the requirement of Ephemeroptera and the disappearance of Plecoptera. These results lay the foundation for any biomonitoring action of the ecological quality of the waters of this wetland.
Conventional and Contemporary Techniques for Removal of Heavy Metals from Soil
Authors: Arora Vaishali , Khosla Babita
Published: July 2021

One of the most important components of the natural environment is soil. Soil is a non-renewable natural resources on which the whole human society is dependent for various goods and services. The intensive, and unsustainable anthropogenic practices along with the rapid growth of the human population have led to continuous expansion and concern for the degradation of soil. The agricultural soil is exposed to a plethora of contaminants, the most significant contaminant among them is heavy metals. The major sources of heavy metal contamination are associated with agriculture, industries, and mining. The increase of heavy metal contents in the soil system affects all organisms via biomagnification. In this chapter, we will review various conventional and contemporary physical or chemical and biological techniques for remediation of contaminated soil. The advanced solution for degraded soil is integrating innovative technologies that will provide profitable and sustainable land-use strategies.
Immunological and Virological Failure among Individuals on Highly-Active Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Negash Hadush , Berhe Brhane , Welay Miglas
Published: July 2021

Initiation of antiretroviral treatment decreased HIV related mortality and morbidity. Virological failure (a condition defined when the plasma viral load of HIV infected individuals greater than 1000 RNA copies/ml based on two consecutive viral load measurements with adherence support) have an increased risk of clinical progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death. Nowadays, combination of highly active antiretroviral therapy is recommended to decrease the likelihood of drug resistance. However, there is emergence of drug resistance and treatment failure during treatment. Hence, managing and detecting antiretroviral treatment response is important to monitor the effectiveness of medication and possible drug switching for treatment regimens. Additionally, mechanisms of drug resistance and factors associated with immunological and virological treatment failure should be addressed.
Corticosteroids in Otorhinolaryngology
Authors: B. Skarzynska Magdalena , H. Skarzynski Piotr
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to present the role of the therapy of corticosteroids in otorhinolaryngological diseases such as Meniere’s disease, partial deafness, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and tinnitus. The effectiveness of treatment depends on many factors, for instance, the duration of the therapy, occurrence or not of adverse reactions, especially in those patients with additional risk factors as comorbidities. Additionally, the optimal way of administration has been widely discussed.
Mobility of Heavy Metals in Aquatic Environments Impacted by Ancient Mining-Waste
Authors: Barrera Olivarez Marilú , Alfonso Murillo Tovar Mario , Vergara Sánchez Josefina , Luisa García Betancourt María , Martín Romero Francisco , María Ramírez Arteaga América , Eleonora Moeller Chávez Gabriella , Albeiro Saldarriaga Noreña Hugo
Published: July 2021

The mobility of heavy metals in aquatic environments, impacted by discharges from mining waste, is one of the major processes causing metal pollution mainly by arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe), which could be risky for biota and human health. The heavy metals contained in mining waste constituted by large amounts of sulfides can reach the aquatic compartments by acid mine drainage and runoff and eventually become deposited in sediments and associated with colloidal material, being this one of the main reservoirs and ways of transport. However, the mobility of heavy metal is influenced by their specific chemical properties and undergo several physicochemical phenomena as sorption, oxidation–reduction, hydrolysis and this can be influenced by water flow, the size and composition of geological material. Hence, this work aims to review the processes and mechanism involved in the fate and transport of heavy metals from mining-waste to aquatic compartments and the methods used for identification of the specific chemical species associated with their mobility and ecological risk.
Cultivation of Artificial Algal Crust and Its Effect on Soil Improvement in Sandy Area
Authors: Feng Jinchao , Li Wei , Ma Linna
Published: July 2021

Algae are the pioneer species of biological soil crusts. Cyanobacteria, microschwannophyta and pseudocladophyta can form fixed quicksand algae crusts on the surface of sand surface. Through artificial culture, soil crusts can be formed in a short time. The development and succession of algeal-sand crust promoted the enrichment of nutrients in the sand surface layer, and created conditions for the reproduction of micro-soil organisms and the colonization of herbaceous plants, thus promoting the desert ecosystem to enter a virtuous cycle. This chapter will focus on the cultivation process of artificial soil crust and its effect on soil improvement (soil organic matter and nitrogen) in sandy areas. In conclusion, the application of algal solution can rapidly form algal crusts, and according to the research results, the formation of algal crusts can significantly improve the chemical and biological properties of soil.
Current Scenario of Breeding Approaches in Rice
Authors: Mehandi Suhel , Yadav Anita , Maurya Ramanuj , Prasad Mishra Sudhakar , Mohd. Quatadah Syed , Praveen Nagmi , Dwivedi Namrata
Published: July 2021

Rice is the predominant crop in India and is the staple food in eastern and southern Indian populations. One of the oldest grown crops is rice. The initial discovery of cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) three-line system made it possible to produce hybrids that significantly increase rice yields compared to its inbred counterparts. Further genetic and molecular studies help elucidate the mechanisms involved in CMS male sterility. Additional CMS types were also discovered with similar genetic control from wild sources by interspecific hybridization. In India more than 1200 varieties were released for cultivation suitable different ecosystems and out of them 128 varieties have been contributed from NRRI, Cuttack. A list of these varieties are furnished below with their duration, grain type, yield potential, reaction to major disease and insects grain quality and tolerance to different adverse situations. Recent advances in molecular approaches used in modern rice breeding include molecular marker technology and marker-assisted selection (MAS); molecular mapping of genes and QTLs and production of hybrids and alien introgression lines (AILs). Genomic selection (GS) has been projected as alternative to conventional MAS. GS has huge potential to enhance breeding efficiency by increasing gain per selection per unit time. Due to the adaptation of semi dwarf high yielding varieties, combined with intensive input management practices, the country witnessed an impressive rice production growth in the post-independent period. Rice production was increased four times, productivity three times while the area increase was only one and half times during this period. The projected rice requirement by 2025, in order to keep up with increasing population, is about 130 m.t. The challenge of growing rice production is made more difficult by declining trends in HYV’s yields, decreasing and degrading natural resources such as land and water and a severe labour shortage.
An Innovative Visualization Tool to Boost and Monitor Circular Economy: An Overview of Its Applications at Different Industrial Sectors
Authors: Bianchini Augusto , Rossi Jessica
Published: July 2021

The quantification of the circular economy and sustainability is a relevant aspect at different levels of applications: (i) the companies need to evaluate and improve the environmental, economic, and social impacts of their products and processes; (ii) the financial bodies must have quantitative information about the potential and risks of different proposed initiatives to select the optimal opportunity; and (iii) the policy-makers must be guided for the coherent definition of strategies at regional, national and international scales, setting realistic targets and measuring their effectiveness. However, the lack of comprehensive and robust approaches to quantify circular economy makes it challenging to apply quantitative methods and indicators in different contexts and compare the results, with the risk of limiting the practical implementation of circular initiatives due to unknown and/or unclear potential and contribution. The ViVACE® tool (Visualization of Value to Assess Circular Economy), developed by the authors, is a promising and effective means to collect data in a systematized manner, helpful to assess sectorial and cross-sectorial indicators about sustainability. It has been applied to different industrial sectors (e.g., plastics, food processing, textile) for different purposes. These applications are described in detail to highlight the potential, versatility, and implications of the proposed tool in boosting the effective transition to a circular economy.
Positional Relationships among Male Reproductive Organs in Insects
Authors: Hiroyoshi Satoshi , V.P. Reddy Gadi
Published: July 2021

The location, morphology and function of male internal reproductive organs in insects have been extensively studied, but the relative positioning of those organs is less understood. Position and morphology of the testis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, accessory gland and ejaculatory duct determine the migration or ejaculation of sperm and other substances. In species where the testis is connected with the seminal vesicle directly or the seminal vesicle is lacking, males usually store complete sperm in the testis and thus can use them immediately for mating. In contrast, the testis of lepidopteran insects is separated from the duplex (sperm storage organ) via the vas deferens, and the sperm are not mature, requiring morphological development in the vas deferens. Here, we discuss the significance of various positional relationships of male reproductive organs and how this relates to their morphology and function with a focus on sperm.
The Polymorphism of Necro-Being
Authors: Pitts Andrea J. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: July 2021

In this paper, I examine the writings of African American philosopher Leonard Harris as an author who has been read primarily for his contributions to the study of Africana philosophy, U.S. pragmatism, and moral philosophy. Despite contributions to bioethics and reflections on systemic racism within the context of institutional medical settings, Harris’s work has yet to be read in terms of its relevance for disability critique. This paper demonstrates how Harris’s writings may be read as contributing to the field of philosophy of disability by arguing that his concept of “necro-being” helps reveal the mutually reinforcing relationships between race, disability, gender, and class. To carry this out, I consider core themes from his work such as metaphilosophy, health, and autonomy to show the relevance of his writings for philosophy of disability, and, in a parallel manner, the importance of disability critique for expanding his accounts of oppression and racism.
Revisions to the faunas of Andrena of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco with the descriptions of four new species (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)
Authors: Wood Thomas J. , Ghisbain Guillaume , Michez Denis , Praz Christophe J.
Published: July 2021

Iberia has one of the richest bee faunas in the world, and the genus Andrena is no exception with around 200 species known from the Peninsula. The fauna of Andrena was largely revised in the 1970s, but since then, it has received little attention. Molecular investigation of the taxonomically challenging subgenus Taeniandrena has revealed that the situation is more complicated than previously thought with several cryptic and overlooked species. From the species allied to Andrena (T. ) gelriae van der Vecht, 1927, Andrena (T. ) gredana Warncke, 1975 stat. nov. from Spain and Portugal is raised to species status, and Andrena (T. ) levante Wood & Praz sp. nov. from southeastern Spain is newly described. Furthermore, Andrena (T. ) benoisti Wood & Praz sp. nov. is described, having previously been referred to as Andrena (T. ) wilkella beaumonti Benoist, 1961. Andrena (T. ) beaumonti stat. rev. is itself distinct and restricted to the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco. Outside of the subgenus Taeniandrena, Andrena (Euandrena) fortipunctata Wood sp. nov. and Andrena (Charitandrena) hattorfiana nigricauda Wood subsp. nov. are described from Spain, and Andrena (Notandrena) juliana Wood sp. nov. is described from Spain and Portugal. The male of Andrena (Lepidandrena) baetica Wood, 2020 is also described. Andrena (Euandrena) impressa Warncke, 1967 stat. nov. is raised to species status, displaying a West Mediterranean distribution. Finally, a further two species of Andrena are newly recorded for Spain, Andrena laurivora Warncke, 1974 and Andrena confinis Stoeckhert, 1930. Altogether, these findings reinforce the fact that our understanding of the taxonomy and distribution of Andrena in southern Europe remains incomplete.
Modeling Tankers’ Optimal Speed and Emissions
Authors: Gkonis Konstantinos G. , Psaraftis Harilaos A.
Published: July 2021

With the increased quest for greener shipping, reducing the speed of ships has obtained an important role as one of the measures to be applied toward that end. Already speed has been important for economic reasons, as it is a key determinant of fuel cost, a significant component of the operating cost of ships. However, as emissions are directly proportional to fuel consumed, speed is also very much connected with the environmental dimension of shipping. So when shipping markets are in a depressed state and “slow- steaming” is the prevalent practice for economic reasons, an important side benefit is reduced emissions.

Emissions estimation models typically assume fixed ship speeds. However, ships do not trade at predetermined speeds. Those who pay for the fuel may choose an operating speed as a function of the freight rate and bunker price, among others. Assuming a fixed speed may thus seriously miscalculate emissions. This paper incorporates ship speed into the analysis, and goes one step further by investigating the impact of optimizing speed on ship emissions. The study of the paper focuses on Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs), but some analysis for the Suezmax, and Aframax crude tanker segments is also presented, and some results for Panamax/Product, LPG, and LNG tankers are also reported.

The paper’s modeling approach has two goals: (a) the determination of the optimal operational speeds (laden and ballast) of a tanker as a function of fuel price, freight rate and other parameters, and (b) the estimation, among other outputs, of the emissions of the global fleet of a specific tanker segment. The modeling task comprises two steps. The first one optimizes the laden and ballast leg sailing speeds over reference trade routes for a specific (single) tanker. In a second step, we estimate annual emissions, and other operational attributes (e.g. fuel consumption) for the tanker fleet segment, based on the output of the previous optimization. Other outputs such as CO2 , SO2, NOx and PM emissions are also produced. The policy implications of our work are finally discussed.
Dynamically Induced Roll in Head Seas
Authors: Clippinger David C. , Garcia Elizabeth M. H. , Taylor Todd E.
Published: July 2021

The subject of a monohull surface vessel rolling in longitudinal waves (head seas) is introduced. The discussion includes a treatment of the rigid-body dynamics behind coupled roll and pitch motions. Simplified non-linearly coupled roll-heave-pitch differential equations of motion including inertial, damping, and stiffness terms are developed. Direct and parametric excitation terms are also discussed. It is shown that inertial dynamic coupling, non-linear stiffness coupling, and parametric excitation can all contribute to rolling in longitudinal waves. The inertial dynamic coupling is shown to result from a product of inertia term appearing in the differential equations of motion. Results obtained from the analysis include frequency amplitude response plots for roll, heave, and pitch motions, as well as plots illustrating a saturation phenomenon and a transfer of energy between the pitch and roll modes that explains the presence of roll in certain purely head seas situations. Recommendations for naval architects and mariners are provided to guide design, weight distribution, and loading decisions in hopes of avoiding situations where head seas can drive significant and potentially dangerous roll motions.
Optimal Economic Speed and the Impact on Marine GHG Emissions – Saving Money and the World at the Same Time
Authors: St. Amand David G.
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to provide shipping companies a straightforward tool for assessing the attractiveness of implementing a speed optimization program for their vessels. The curves and analyses provided are not meant to be absolutely accurate but rather to provide a “reasonable” level of accuracy for identifying the potential impact on profitability of a speed optimization program. The author has endeavored to highlight areas where additional technical input or accuracy improvement is appropriate for final decision-making and implementation.
Engineering and Design Disciplines Associated with Management of Hydrocarbon Explosion and Fire Risks in Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities
Authors: Paik Jeom Kee , Czujko Jerzy
Published: July 2021

More than 70% of accidents that occur in offshore oil and gas facilities stem from hydrocarbon explosions and fires, which result in serious consequences in association with health, safety and the environment. Most of these accidents are the result of a long chain of human error. To reduce accidents, therefore, the opportunities for human error and the effects of the errors should be minimized, by designing equipment and work systems in accordance with human factors engineering principles. For the last two decades, risk-based approaches as key disciplines of human factors engineering principles have more extensively been applied to offshore oil and gas projects. However, many challenges still lie ahead to develop pertinent engineering and design disciplines for the quantitative assessment and management of hydrocarbon explosion and fire risks. The aim of the present study is to develop a documented procedure for the quantitative assessment and management of hydrocarbon explosion and fire risks in offshore oil and gas facilities. In the present paper, the application of the developed procedure is demonstrated for an FPSO installation with the focus on the definition of explosion and fire design loads.
Heading Instability of Moored Ships in Swell Waves
Authors: Thiagarajan Krish P. , Tian Zhigang
Published: July 2021

Tanker vessels used for offshore oil production and storage are kept in station by turret mooring systems, enabling the vessels to weathervane in the direction of the dominant environmental loads. These passive weather vaning systems have been observed to be ineffective in swell-dominated long wave conditions. A notable feature of poor heading stability is the existence of a stable equilibrium at a large heading angle (50 – 60o) with respect to the direction of oncoming waves. Model experiments on a 1:60 scaled FPSO have confirmed this behavior, particularly when wave length is comparable to the ship length. A detailed study of the dynamics of the prototype FPSO was conducted using frequency domain (quasi-dynamic) and time domain (dynamic) analyses. The quasi-dynamic study shows the importance of the balance between the yaw drift moment and sway induced yaw drift moment on the final heading angle. A pitchfork bifurcation of the equilibrium is seen to occur when wavelength/ship length ratio equals 0.73. The time domain analysis provides data consistent with model test findings. The viscous damping of various modes on yaw motion is shown to be important and can significantly alter the heading instability. With lack of heading control, the ship motions, principally roll, can increase thus affecting onboard operations.
Development of Risk Assessment Methodology for Occupational Safety in Using Work Observation Technique
Authors: Shinoda Takeshi , Tanaka Takashi
Published: July 2021

It is a challenge to prevent an occupational accident in any industrial activities. The aim of this study is to improve the safety and reduce the risk of occupational accidents at shipyard through developing a risk assessment. This paper describes the concept and methodology of risk assessment for occupational safety and its application. The methodology introduces an effective and useful assessment procedure to construct the database based on the past occupational accidents occurred at shipyards. Quantitative methodology is developed to understand the unsafe working conditions and environment at the shipyard by the convenient handheld to collect the data with Information Technology. Some examples of effective hazard countermeasures are suggested and a feasibility study is conducted to improve a walking environment at shipyards.
Protective Devices Maintenance and the Potential Impact on Arc Flash Energy
Authors: Neitzel Dennis K.
Published: July 2021

This paper provides insight into the electrical safety considerations, specifically as it relates to maintenance of electrical overcurrent protective devices, and the potential impact on the arc flash energy for shipboard electrical equipment and systems application. It provides valuable information for the electricians, technicians, and engineers who operate and maintain the electrical equipment.
Reduced Project Duration & Improved Critical Resource Determination via Intelligent Scheduling: Navy and Other Applications
Authors: Richards Robert A.
Published: July 2021

In complex production and maintenance environments, such as ship production, the method of allocating resources and managing other constraints significantly affects the efficiency of progress as well as the overall project duration. Resources include human resources, equipment resources and physical-space resources. Due to the inherent complexity of resource allocation and constraint management for such complex production and maintenance environments, the project durations can be two-times, or more, longer than needed. Unfortunately, most commercial project management software does not benefit from such intelligent scheduling technology. Software that does not leverage intelligent scheduling may also determine incorrect critical resources. A resource is critical if the project duration would be shorter if more of that resource were available. So not using intelligent scheduling will result in longer than necessary schedules and might direct users in the wrong direction per critical resources, thus leading to wasteful acquisition of more resources to shorten the schedule when this is an option.
Improving Propulsion Efficiency of Ships using Retractable Bridge
Authors: Maheshwar Chilukuri
Published: July 2021

Traditionally, sailing ships were commanded from the quarter deck, aft of the mainmast. With the arrival of paddle steamers, engineers required a platform from which they could inspect the paddle wheels and where the captain's view would not be obstructed by the paddle houses. A raised walkway, literally a bridge, connecting the paddle houses was therefore provided. When the screw propeller superseded the paddle wheel, the bridge was retained. Commands would be passed from the senior officer on the bridge to stations dispersed throughout the ship, where physical control of the ship was exercised, as technology did not exist for the remote control of steering or machinery. Helm orders would be passed to an enclosed wheel house, where the coxswain or helmsman operated the ship's wheel. Engine commands would be relayed to the engineer in the engine room by an engine order telegraph, which displayed the captain's orders on a dial. The engineer would ensure that the correct combination of steam pressure and engine revolutions were applied. The bridge was often open to the elements, therefore a weatherproof pilot house could be provided, from which a pilot, who was traditionally the ship's navigating officer, could issue commands from shelter.

Iron, and later steel, ships also required a compass platform. This was usually a tower, where a magnetic compass could be sited far away as possible from the ferrous interference of the hulk of the ship. Depending upon the design and layout of a ship, all of these terms can be variously interchangeable. Many ships still have a flying bridge, a platform atop the pilot house, open to weather, containing a binnacle and voice tubes to allow the conning officer to direct the ship from a higher position during fair weather conditions. The concept was that the higher you are situated, the better and farther you could see.

Larger ships, often had a navigation bridge which would be used for the actual conning of the ship. Modern advances in remote control equipment have seen progressive transfer of the actual control of the ship to the bridge. The wheel and engines can be operated directly from the bridge, controlling often-unmanned machinery spaces. Today, Monkey Island and Crow’s nest have become so archaic that people have forgotten their meaning as they have been deleted from contemporary marine glossaries.
North American ECA Regulations and LNG Fuels - A Viable Solution?
Authors: Damianidou Yvonni-Effrosyni
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the recent North American Emission Control Area Regulations imposed by the International Marine Organization amendment to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL, Annex VI) in 2010, focusing on how organizations, like the United States Environmental Protection Agency have contributed to their implementation. Furthermore it examines the prospect of liquefied natural gas, potentially becoming “a fuel of the future for the shipping industry” and attempts to answer whether LNG fuels offer a viable alternative solution for the shipping industry, illustrating the pros and cons, while focusing on issues of bunker supply and demand and future global implications.
MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS AS A LOW-COST BIOSORBENT FOR REMOVING HEAVY METALS FROM WASTEWATER
Authors: Apori Samuel Obeng , Atiah Kofi , Hanyabui Emmanuel , Byalebeka John
Published: July 2021

Heavy metals are considered to be one of the major contaminants of water in recent years due to their non-biodegradable property; hence making them toxic and bioaccumulate to living organisms. Conventional methods such us chemical precipitation, physical treatment through ion exchange are used for removing heavy metal ions from water. These methods are expensive and attributed to incomplete metals removal and high cost of treatment. In recent years, researchers have found alternative low cost and effective method for removal of toxic metals through biosorption process using biological materials. Moringa oleifera seeds is one of the biological materials which has effective adsorption capacity for removal of heavy metals from water and wastewater. In this article, the seeds of Moringa oleifera seeds as a low-cost biosorbent for removal of heavy metals is presented. Moringa oleifera seeds is inexpensive material that contains amino acids. The amino acid is a major constituent of the functional groups that aids in greater ability of heavy metals removal through metal ion exchange or complexation, which is mainly affected by pH, biosorbent dosage, and contact time. Moringa oleifera seeds residues have a greater capacity to absorb heavy metals in a single solution compared to multi ion solution.
GLOBALIZACIJA I TRANSNACIONALNE PRAKSE
Authors: Župljanin Slobodan S. , Balaban Mladenka
Published: July 2021

Najkarakterističnije odrednice novog savremenog poretka su globalizacija, liberalizacija i tehnološki razvoj. Iako se globalizacija pojavila ranije, njen trend se širi dosad neviđenom brzinom krajem dvadesetog i početkom dvadeset prvog vijeka. Sam pojam globalizacije se počeo intenzivnije koristiti tek u novije vrijeme, tačnije 80-ih godina prošlog vijeka, a do tada je, u praksi, bio gotovo nepoznat. U skladu s tim, različiti ga autori različito objašnjavaju i tumače. Nosioci globalizacije su multinacionalne kompanije, koje svoj razvoj zasnivaju na tehnologizaciji i informatizaciji, čineći tako svoje proizvode dostupne na tržištu širom svijeta, uz istovremeno pribavljanje resursa za proizvodnju na cjelokupnom svjetskom (globalnom) tržištu. Ključno pitanje je kakva je uloga multinacionalnih kompanija i kakve promjene donose u globalnoj transnacionalnoj praksi, i na to pitanje pokušavamo dati valjan odgovor u ovom radu.
UPRAVLJAČKO RAČUNOVODSTVO U FUNKCIJI POVEĆANJA PRODUKTIVNOSTI PREDUZEĆA U RESTRUKTURIRANJU
Authors: Vukasović Dragan
Published: July 2021

Postupak restrukturiranja preduzeća u Srbiji po Zakonu o privatizaciji prethodi samoj privatizaciji i vrši se u cilju revitalizacije preduzeća. Sam postupak se javlja u mnogo različitih gradacija. Postoje različiti oblici restrukturiranja u zavisnosti od problema sa kojima se preduzeće suočava. U ovom radu ćemo obraditi jednu ekonomsku komponentu koja ima primarni značaj za revitalizaciju preduzeća u restrukturiranju, a to je produktivnost rada. Upravljačko računovodstvo predstavlja ključnu funkciju u svakom preduzeću koje mora detaljnom analizom, a uzimajući u obzir sve specifičnosti delatnosti preduzeća, dati ključne smernice povećanja produktivnosti. Restrukturiranje predstavlja samo generalni izraz za mnoštvo aktivnosti koje ispred sebe imaju jedan cilj, a to je povećanje konkurentske prednosti na globalnom tržištu. Da li će preduzeće postići svoj cilj to zavisi od uspešnosti samog procesa resturuktuiranja. Veliki broj aktivnosti, koji se mogu svesti pod pojam restrukturiranje je jedan od razloga što nema opšte prihvaćene definicije restrukturiranja. Jedno je činjenica da domaća preduzeća u procesu restrukturiranja akcent moraju staviti na povećanje produktivnosti kao primarne ekonomske komponente u službi pripreme za izlazak na globalno tržište.
TEORIJA IGARA I LINEARNO PROGRAMIRANJE
Authors: Markić Marinko , Marković Branka
Published: July 2021

Teorija igara predstavlja uopšteno razmatranje problema igara. Pojava teorije igara tek sa pojavom linearnog programiranja će dobiti na značenju, jer tek tada dolazi do aktualizacije ove teorije. Tada je pokazano da se svaki linearni program sa odgovarajućim dualnim problemom može svesti na jedan specijalan slučaj igre. Poznato je da se specijalni slučaj „igre dva lica sa rezultatima nula“ mogu svesti na problem linearnog programiranja.
Atomization mechanism and powder morphology in laminar flow gas atomization
Authors: Xu Jin-Xin , Chen Chao-Yue , Shen Lu-Yu , Xuan Wei-Dong , Li Xing-Gang , Shuai San-San , Li Xia , Hu Tao , Li Chuan-Jun , Yu Jian-Bo , Wang Jiang , Ren Zhong-Ming ,   State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200042, China,   Sino-European School of Technology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200042, China,   Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Published: July 2021

Metal powders prepared by laminar flow gas atomization have the advantages of small particle size and narrow particle size distribution. At present, the research on laminar flow gas atomization mainly focuses on the influence of process parameters on atomization and powder characteristics, but the atomization mechanism of laminar flow gas atomization is still not clear. In this work, the atomization gas flow, primary and secondary breakup mechanism, and particle morphology of the laminar flow gas atomization process are systematically investigated through numerical simulation and experimental analysis. The characteristics of single-phase atomization gas flow through the De Laval nozzle are studied using the standard k-ε turbulence model. The flow field structure shows a “necklace”-like structure with an expansion wave cluster of oblique shock. The primary and secondary atomization mechanism are investigated using the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid model, which is validated by solidified fragments and powders after the atomization experiment, and results of the numerical simulation also provide some important advices for the application and specific process of laminar gas atomization technology. The studies indicate that the melts at the periphery of the liquid column are mainly peeled off by filaments or ligaments, which exhibits the small dimension and pressurized melt atomization characteristics. The secondary atomization is mainly based on the disintegration of spherical droplets in the mode of Rayleigh-Taylor instability deformation and sheet-thinning breakup. The simulation results also show that increasing the gas pressure and melt superheat can effectively reduce the probability of irregular powders to occur. The AlSi10Mg powders are obtained under a pressure of 2.0 MPa in the experiment on gas atomization, and the properties of the powders are analyzed. The results show that the powders have good sphericity and flowability, and the proportion of hollow powders is very low. In addition, the mean particle size of the AlSi10Mg powders is 54.3 μm, and the yield of fine powders reaches 48.7%, which is greatly improved compared with the traditional gas atomization processes. Moreover, about 90% of the powders have particle sizes in a range of 30–100 μm, which indicates that a narrow particle size distribution can be obtained by the laminar gas atomization technology.
Attacking asymmetric cryptosystem based on phase truncated Fourier fransform by deep learning
Authors: Xu Zhao , Zhou Xin , Bai Xing , Li Cong , Chen Jie , Ni Yang ,   College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Published: July 2021

Most of optical encryption systems are symmetric cryptosystems. The plaintext and the ciphertext in optical image encryption are related linearly. The security of the system needs to be strengthened. The asymmetric cryptosystem based on phase truncated Fourier transforms (PTFT) makes the security of the encryption system greatly improved by its nonlinear phase truncation. Deep learning (DL) as a method of machine learning was proposed decades ago. With the development of computer’s performance, the practicality of deep learning proves to be more and more obvious. Recently, deep learning has been effectively used in many fields such as biomedicine, object detection, etc. The good results have been achieved. In this article proposed is the attack to the PTFT encryption system by deep learning. Through the PTFT encryption system, we construct a plaintext-ciphertext paired image dataset and then train it by residual network (ResNet). There are two problems encountered by the traditional neural network model. One is vanishing or named exploding gradient, which makes training effect difficult to converge and the other is a degradation phenomenon. When continuing to increase the number of layers for a suitable depth model, the model accuracy will decline which is not caused by overfitting. This problem can be solved by the ResNet to a certain extent by directly bypassing and then taking the input information to the output to protect the integrity of the information. The biggest difference between ordinary directly connected convolutional neural networks and ResNet is that the ResNet has many bypass branches that directly connect the input to the subsequent layers, so that the subsequent layers can directly learn the residuals. The ResNet can automatically learn the decryption characteristics of the encryption system. Finally, the test set is used to test the decryption performance of the trained model. The data show that the model can restore the image with high quality and the model has a certain anti-noise ability. Compared with the two-step iterative amplitude recovery algorithm, the the method proposed in this paper can recover high quality image.