bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Training on the Utilization of Local Microorganisms as Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Sungai Pangeran Village, Ilir Timur I District, Palembang City
Authors: Amir Nurbaiti , Palmasari Berliana , Fahmi Innike Abdillah , Astuti Dessy Tri
Published: July 2021

Organic fertilizers are fertilizers that primarily consist of organic materials derived from plant or animal residues converted in solid or liquid form. Household waste, especially vegetable waste, is usually dumped directly into the environment, even though this waste can still be used, for example, made as liquid organic fertilizer by utilizing local microorganisms (MOL). The mole contains micro and macronutrients and contains bacteria that can decompose organic matter. This Community Service aims to provide motivation and knowledge, and skills to the community about the technique of making liquid organic fertilizer from household waste by utilizing local microorganisms. Community Service held in Sungai Pangeran Village, Ilir Timur I District, Palembang City, on February 19, 2019. The method used was counseling and training participants on the use of local microorganisms as liquid organic fertilizer. Thirty-five participants attended the implementation of the activity. This activity continued with discussions and questions and answers during the training. The results of this Community Service show that the service method in the form of counseling, training, and question and answer is very appropriate in motivating the community to remodel household waste.
Plankton Community in Ogan River, Kertapati District, Palembang, South Sumatra
Authors: Marson Marson , Harmilia Elva Dwi
Published: July 2021

Research on Plankton Community in The Waters of Ogan River Kertapati District, Palembang, South Sumatra Province, has been conducted from March to April 2018. This study aimed to identify the plankton community, i.e., abundance, diversity index, dominance index, similarity index between stations, and describe pollution level conditions based on saprobic coefficient. Sampling in this study using purposive random sampling method at five observation stations with three sampling locations, respectively. The physical and chemical parameters of the waters include temperature, brightness, current speed, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), nitrates, and phosphates. The composition of plankton consists of 47 Genera derived from 8 Classes, with a total abundance value in March ranging from 13-27 ind./L, and the total value of abundance in April 2018 has a range of values of 12-21 ind./L. Plankton diversity index values in about 1.87-2.98 indicate the stability of the moderate biota community. Based on the index of plankton dominance with a range of 0.05-0.21, no species dominate other species or D = 0(<0.5). In contrast, the index of plankton similarity between stations shows the communities between stations are relatively different (<50%). The water quality of the Ogan River based on saprobic coefficients is light to very light.
Possible pathways for the formation of flora and macromycetes of floodplain forests of the Ural River within Western Kazakhstan
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Abiev S.A. , Darbayeva T.E. ,   Makhambet Utemisov West Kazakhstan University, Sarsenova A.N. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the historical reconstruction of flora and macromycetes of the floodplain forests of the Ural River. The length of the entire river is 2428 km, over 1000 km in Western Kazakhstan. Floodplain forests are developed in three genetic parts: riverbed, central and near-terrace. Primary and derivative forests are distinguished according to the forest structure. The leading factor in the formation of the Ural River valley is geology and relief, in connection with which 4 natural regions have been identified for their floristic (630 plant species) and mycological diversity (77 macromycetes species). The course of evolution and transformation of the floromycological composition of forest communities is analyzed according to the composition of historical formations. In the studied region, 13 suites were identified in the understanding of G.M. Zozulin, among them, 6 suites that stand out well in modern floodplain forests are considered in more detail. When establishing the formations, the character of the modern distribution of species, there was considered their cenotic confinement, genetic relationships of individual species, the rhythm of development, and the vitality of species in the community. The process of the formation of the floromycological complex of floodplain forests is based on relict and migratory elements, enriched, and settled from the Southern Urals, as well as from the valley of the left tributaries of the Volga and Common Syrt. The formation of which took a long time from the Miocene to the Holocene.
Cytogenetic abnormalities in sheep kept in the territory of Almaty region contaminated with non-utilized and banned pesticides
Authors:   Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Zhapbasov R.Zh. , Kornilova A.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhomartov A.M. ,   Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Dosybaev K.Zh. ,   Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Dzhansugurova L.B. ,   Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Bekmanov B.O. ,   Institute of General Genetics and Cytology
Published: July 2021

On the territory of the Almaty region, there are warehouses with banned and non-utilized pesticides, the active substances, and metabolites of which pollute the pastures of farm animals located nearby. Blood samples of 27 sheep from three monitoring points of the Almaty region were analyzed for the presence of genomic mutations and chromosomal aberrations. Cell cultivation and preparation of slides were carried out by standard cytogenetic techniques. The frequency of occurrence of genomic mutations in the blood system of experimental groups of animals exceeded the same indicator in the control group by an average of 1.98 times, and chromosomal aberrations - by 4.1 times. The proportion of hypodiploid cells accounted for 70% of the total number of genomic mutations. Polyploidy accounted for up to 27.9%, and hyperdiploidy was found in single cells. The calculation of indicators of general cytogenetic instability showed that hyperdiploidy and chromosomal aberrations are the main components of this indicator, which, on average in the three monitoring sites, exceeded the control data by 4.14 times. Statistical data processing allows us to conclude about the genotoxic effect of prohibited and non-utilized pesticides on the body of sheep, which have a clastogenic, aneugenic, and mutagenic effect.
Checklist of marine fishes of Albania
Authors: Soldo Alen , Bakiu Rigers
Published: July 2021

This paper presents an updated checklist of marine fishes of Albania and
the first one published in the English language. The checklist contains
262 species compiled from published literature and personal surveys.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL LATIHAN TEKNIK DASAR HEADING SEPAK BOLA BERBASIS BERMAIN
Authors: Atiq Ahmad , Budiyanto Kumbul Selamet
Published: July 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model latihan teknik dasar heading sepakbola dengan berbasis bermain. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengembangkan produk berupa model latihan tehnik dasar heading sepak bola mengunakan borg and gall. Intrumens heading bola yang dimodifikasi untuk atlet pemula dan divalidasi oleh ahli atau pakar sepak bola dengan hasil bahwa setelah divalidasi oleh ahli yang berawal dari 20 variasi model latihan dribling gugur 5 menjadi 15 variasi model latihan dribbling untuk atlet pemula usia 8-12 tahun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil tes 9,9815 dan setelah diberikan perlakuan adalah 9,9270. Hasil tes menunjukkan peningkatan hasil heading sehingga teknik dasar heading atlet meningkat., sehingga bahwa kesimpulan dari pengembangan model latihan tehnik dasar heading bola sepak bola berbasis bermain untuk atlet pemula bisa diterima sesuai karakter pemain yang berusia 8-12 tahun.Kata Kunci: Latihan Teknik Dasar, Sepak Bola, Heading
OTAGO HOME EXERCISE PROGRAMME DAPAT MENINGKATKAN KESEIMBANGAN DINAMIS PADA LANSIA
Authors: Prianthara I Made Dhita , Paramurthi IA Pascha , Pranatha I Kadek Ary Adhitya
Published: July 2021

Latar belakang: Keseimbangan merupakan kemampuan tubuh untuk tetap berada dalam keadaan stimbang dan menyesuaikan diri terhadap gravitasi, permukaan tanah dan objek dalam lingkungannya ketika melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Gangguan keseimbangan pada lansia tersebut dapat berdampak pada meningkatnya resiko jatuh pada lansia yang dapat menyebabkan berbagai macam cidera pada lansia seperti patah tulang maupun luka berat bahkan kematian. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui otago home exercise programme dapat meningkatkan keseimbangan dinamis pada lansia. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre dan post test design. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 14 orang yang diberikan intervensi otago home exercise programme. Pengukuran keseimbangan dinamis dilakukan dengan menggunakan timed up and go test (TUGT) yang diukur sebelum dan sesudah pemberian intervensi. Hasil: Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan wilcoxon match pair test diperoleh rerata sebelum perlakuan sebesar 16,68 dan setelah perlakuan sebesar 12,09 dengan nilai p=0,001. Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan otago home exercise programme dapat meningkatkan keseimbangan pada lansia.Kata Kunci: Otago Home Exercise Programme, Keseimbangan Dinamis, Timed Up and Go Test, Lansia
El compromiso académico estudiantil presente en una educación expandida por el uso de las TIC
Authors: Rigo Daiana , Rovere Romina
Published: July 2021

La investigación que se presenta tiene como objetivo describir, desde las percepciones de estudiantes universitarios, el compromiso académico asumido frente a una experiencia educativa expandida mediada por Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). Participan en el estudio 56 estudiantes universitarios, quienes accedieron a contestar un cuestionario integrado por preguntas abiertas referidas a tres ejes: promoción del compromiso, TIC y futuras prácticas docentes. Los estudiantes perciben la experiencia como novedosa y con rasgos asociados a la promoción del compromiso, aprendizajes ubicuos y no planificados con implicaciones relacionadas con la formación docente. Se concluye que es importante expandir los contextos educativos para potenciar el interés, la participación y la agencia de los alumnos universitarios.
Daily activity pattern of pumas (Puma concolor) and their potential prey in a tropical cloud forest of Colombia
Authors: Cepeda–Duque J. C. , Gómez–Valencia B. , Alvarez S. , Gutiérrez–Sanabria D. R. , Lizcano D. J.
Published: July 2021

Ecosystems in the northern Andes face unprecedented habitat loss. Pumas are the top predators in the region and exert key ecological functions, such as population control and resource facilitation. However, little is known about the temporal niche of the species or its effects on behaviour of prey in the tropics. We hypothesized that there is a link between the activity patterns of pumas and their prey in a cloud forest of the Central Andes of Colombia. We installed 61 camera traps to estimate the degree of overlap between the daily activity curves of pumas and seven potential prey species, using conditional kernel density functions. Pumas, armadillos, mountain pacas, and white–eared opossums were mainly nocturnal, with little crepuscular activity and high temporal overlap. Central American agouti, mountain coati, little red brocket deer, and Cauca guan displayed a predominantly diurnal activity and temporal partitioning with pumas. As opportunistic predators, pumas were able to maximize foraging efficiency by preying on the crepuscular and nocturnal species. Conservation of this highland predator will largely depend on the suitable management of its native prey.
An Integrated Approach for Discovering Process Models According to Business Process Types
Authors: Lamghari Zineb
Published: July 2021

Process discovery technique aims at automatically generating a process model that accurately describes a Business Process (BP) based on event data. Related discovery algorithms consider recorded events are only resulting from an operational BP type. While the management community defines three BP types, which are: Management, Support and Operational. They distinguish each BP type by different proprieties like the main business process objective as domain knowledge. This puts forward the lack of process discovery technique in obtaining process models according to business process types (Management and Support). In this paper, we demonstrate that business process types can guide the process discovery technique in generating process models. A special interest is given to the use of process mining to deal with this challenge.
Review on Manufacturing of Metal Foams
Authors: Tan Koon Tatt
Published: July 2021

Metal foams possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. This paper reviews the common manufacturing process of metal foams. Various ways used to produce metal foams based on metal properties are described. The manufacturing process follows four primary routes: liquid state, solid state, ion or vapour processing. Liquid-state processing produces porosity to liquid or semi-liquid metals, and solid-state foaming produces metal foams with metal powder as starting material. For ion and vapour processing methods, metals are electro-deposited onto a polymer precursor. The polymer precursor is removed by chemical or heat treatment to produce metal foams. The advantages and limitations of each manufacturing process are also described.
Knowledge and Attitude of Malaysian Fruit Growers on Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Authors: Chang Yu Yang
Published: July 2021

Integrated pest management (IPM) is a sustainable approach for pest control. However, the adoption of IPM remains low in Malaysia. The main objectives of this study were to identify the knowledge level and attitude of Malaysian fruit farmers on IPM. A total number of 150 respondents were selected through a non-random sampling method and the data was collected through an online questionnaire. The knowledge level and attitude of the respondents were accessed on a scoring scale of one to five. The respondents recorded a moderate knowledge of IPM with a mean score of 3.36. However, farmers showed poor knowledge on different modes of action of pesticides (2.25), and the ability to identify insect pests (2.25). The respondents showed a positive attitude on IPM with a mean score of 3.58. Among the attitude aspects, farmers displayed a positive attitude on the cost-effectiveness of IPM (3.53) and are willing to learn and adopt IPM practices (4.35). The Spearman’s correlation test revealed that there was no significant correlation between age and educational level of farmers on their knowledge on IPM. The findings of this study could assist in the development of IPM programs for better country wide IPM adoption.
Study of Histamine Detection using Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography
Authors: Munir Muhammad Abdurrahman , Mackeen Muhammad Mukram Mohamed , Heng Lee Yook , Badri Khairiah Haji
Published: July 2021

Histamine is a heterocyclic amine shaped by decarboxylation of the histidine. It is a compound that lack chromophore and involatile. However, the detection of histamine is imperative due to the characteristic of histamine has given several disadvantages in food industry. This paper describes methods for histamine detection by employing high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. The derivatization techniques required for both methods in order to increase the sensitivity of chromatography analysis. Two derivatizing agents were applied in this study such as 9-flourenilmethyl chloroformate (FMOC – Cl) for HPLC analysis whereas for GC analysis a N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl)acetamide (BSA) was used. Method validation was in accordance to Commission Decision 657/2002/CE. The validation of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, detection limit and quantitation limit results indicate that the methods were acceptable. The linear range for both methods were at 0.16 – 5.00 µg∙mL-1. The determination of histamine using GC showed the superiority of this instrument compared to HPLC. Method applicability was also checked on real sample namely mackerel in order to acquire a satisfactory recovery for both methods.
Social media marketing: who is watching the watchers?
Authors: Jacobson Jenna , Gruzd Anatoliy , Hernandez-Garcia Angel
Published: July 2021

The ready access to and availability of social media has opened up a wealth of data that marketers are leveraging for strategic insight and digital marketing. Yet there is a lack of professional norms regarding the use of social media in marketing and a gap in understanding consumers’ comfort with marketers’ use of their social media data. This study analyzes a census-balanced sample of online adults (n=751) to identify consumers’ perceptions of using social media data for marketing purposes. The research finds that consumers’ perceived risks and benefits of using social media have a relationship with their comfort with marketers using their publicly available social media data. The research extends the applicability of communication privacy management theory to social media and introduces marketing comfort—a new construct of high importance for future marketing research. Marketing comfort refers to an individual’s comfort with the use of information posted publicly on social media for targeted advertising, customer relations, and opinion mining. In the context of the construct development, we find that targeted advertising is the strongest contributing component to marketing comfort, relative to the other two dimensions: opinion mining and customer relations. By understanding what drives consumer comfort with this emerging marketing practice, the research proposes strategies for marketers that can support and mitigate consumers’ concerns so that consumers can maintain trust in marketers’ digital practice
Spatial pattern completion deficits in older adults
Authors: Paleja Meera , Spaniol Julia
Published: July 2021

Aging may have an impact on the CA3 autoassociative network of the hippocampus, posited by computational models as supporting pattern completion. Twenty-five young (YAs) and 25 older adults (OAs) performed a spatial pattern completion task using a computerized navigational paradigm analogous to a rodent pattern completion task reliant on the CA3. Participants identified a previously seen goal location, and the availability of distal cues in the environment was manipulated such that 0, 2, or 4 cues were missing. Performance in both groups declined as a function of decreased cue availability. However, controlling for age differences in task performance during a pre-experimental baseline task, OAs performed equivalently to YAs when all cues were available, but worse than YAs as the number of cues decreased. These findings suggest spatial pattern completion may be impaired in OAs. We discuss these findings in the context of a growing body of literature suggesting age-related imbalances in pattern separation vs. pattern completion.
On the effects of variation of thermal conductivity in buildings in the Italian construction sector
Authors: Berardi Umberto , Tronchin Lamberto , Manfren Massimiliano , Nastasi Benedetto
Published: July 2021

Stationary and dynamic heat and mass transfer analyses of building components are an essential part of energy efficient design of new and retrofitted buildings. Generally, a single constant thermal conductivity value is assumed for each material layer in construction components. However, the variability of thermal conductivity may depend on many factors; temperature and moisture content are among the most relevant ones. A linear temperature dependence of thermal conductivity has been found experimentally for materials made of inorganic fibers such as rockwool or fiberglass, showing lower thermal conductivities at lower temperatures. On the contrary, a nonlinear temperature dependence has been found for foamed insulation materials like polyisocyanurate, with a significant deviation from linear behavior. For this reason, thermal conductivity assumptions used in thermal calculations of construction components and in whole-building performance simulations have to be critically questioned. This study aims to evaluate how temperature affects thermal conductivity of materials in building components such as exterior walls and flat roofs in different climate conditions. Therefore, experimental conductivities measured for four common insulation materials have been used as a basis to simulate the behavior of typical construction components in three different Italian climate conditions, corresponding to the cities of Turin, Rome, and Palermo
The State of Social Media in Canada 2017
Authors: Gruzd Anatoliy , Jacobson Jenna , Mai Philip , Dubois Elizabeth
Published: July 2021

Today, billions of people around the world are turning to social media to socialize, conduct business, keep up with the news, as well as discover, discuss, and share information. The significance of this global adoption of a relatively new communication and information technology cannot be overlooked.
As a country, Canada has one of the most connected populations in the world. For many Canadians, social media is now a part of their daily routine. Our survey results show that an overwhelming majority of online Canadian adults (94%) have an account on at least one social media platform. This makes it critical for policy makers, researchers, and others to have a better grasp of what social media platforms Canadians are using to connect and converse with one another.
This report provides a snapshot of the social media usage trends and patterns amongst online Canadian adults based on an online survey of 1,500 participants (see Methods on p. 16 for more details).
An exploration of user-generated wireless broadband infrastructures in digital cities
Authors: Middleton Catherine A. , Bryne Amelia
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the broadband connectivity options available in digital cities. It offers an overview of services provided by commercial operators, the public sector and by citizens themselves, arguing that shortcomings in existing fixed broadband and commercial mobile broadband services provide an opportunity for citizens to share their own wireless broadband connections. It explores Wi-Fi hotspot provider FON's approach to extending mobile broadband infrastructure by enabling shared connections within communities. The paper outlines some reasons why this specific user-generated approach to infrastructure provision has been unable to deliver highly robust broadband infrastructure, and discusses ways in which users and the public sector can be involved in developing new mobile infrastructures that will meet citizens' needs.
Realist-informed review of motivational interviewing for adolescent health behaviors
Authors: Mutschler Christina , Naccarato Erica , Rouse Jen , Davey Caitlin , McShane Kelly
Published: July 2021

Background 

Clinical research investigating effective intervention strategies for adolescents to improve health behaviors has shifted to the application of motivational interviewing (MI). Evidence indicates that MI is an effective intervention for improving health behaviors as related to diet, exercise, and diabetes among adolescents. However, there is a lack of understanding about the mechanisms through which MI works and the contextual factors impacting MI effectiveness. The purpose of this review was to understand how, for whom, and under what circumstances MI works for adolescent health behavior change, which will inform future implementation of this intervention. To provide this in-depth understanding, a realist-informed systematic review was conducted in order to synthesize the evidence on the use of MI for health behaviors. Self-determination theory (SDT) was chosen as the candidate theory for testing in the present review. 

Methods 

Databases including PsycINFO, Healthstar, Cochrane, and PubMed were searched for articles published until March 2017. The search strategy included studies that examined or reviewed the effectiveness or efficacy of MI to change health behaviors among adolescent populations. The search identified 185 abstracts, of which 28 were included in the review. The literature was synthesized qualitatively (immersion/crystallization) and tested SDT as the candidate theory. 

Results 

Based on SDT, three mechanisms were found within reviewed studies, including competence, relatedness, and autonomy. The following contexts were found to impact mechanisms: school setting, clinician MI proficiency, parental involvement, and peer involvement. 

Conclusions 

This realist-informed systematic review provides advances in understanding the mechanisms involved in MI for adolescent health behavior change. Additionally, it provides important practical information as to which contexts create the conditions for these mechanisms to occur, leading to health behavior change. The results can inform future MI interventions for adolescent health behavior change. Future research should continue to test this realist theory and also examine mechanism variables not extensively documented in order to improve our understanding of MI in this population.
Tracking the cellulolytic activity of Clostridium thermocellum biofilms
Authors: Dumitrache Alexandru , Wolfaardt Gideon , Allen David Grant , Liss Steven N. , Lynd Lee R.
Published: July 2021

Background
Microbial cellulose conversion by Clostridium thermocellum 27405 occurs predominantly through the activity of substrate-adherent bacteria organized in thin, primarily single cell-layered biofilms. The importance of cellulosic surface exposure to microbial hydrolysis has received little attention despite its implied impact on conversion kinetics.

Results
We showed the spatial heterogeneity of fiber distribution in pure cellulosic sheets, which made direct measurements of biofilm colonization and surface penetration impossible. Therefore, we utilized on-line measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) production in continuous-flow reactors, in conjunction with confocal imaging, to observe patterns of biofilm invasion and to indirectly estimate microbial accessibility to the substrate’s surface and the resulting limitations on conversion kinetics. A strong positive correlation was found between cellulose consumption and CO2 production (R2 = 0.996) and between surface area and maximum biofilm activity (R2 = 0.981). We observed an initial biofilm development rate (0.46 h-1, 0.34 h-1 and 0.33 h-1) on Whatman sheets (#1, #598 and #3, respectively) that stabilized when the accessible surface was maximally colonized. The results suggest that cellulose conversion kinetics is initially subject to a microbial limitation period where the substrate is in excess, followed by a substrate limitation period where cellular mass, in the form of biofilms, is not limiting. Accessible surface area acts as an important determinant of the respective lengths of these two distinct periods. At end-point fermentation, all sheets were digested predominantly under substrate accessibility limitations (e.g., up to 81% of total CO2 production for Whatman #1). Integration of CO2 production rates over time showed Whatman #3 underwent the fastest conversion efficiency under microbial limitation, suggestive of best biofilm penetration, while Whatman #1 exhibited the least recalcitrance and the faster degradation during the substrate limitation period.

Conclusion
The results showed that the specific biofilm development rate of cellulolytic bacteria such as C. thermocellum has a notable effect on overall reactor kinetics during the period of microbial limitation, when ca. 20% of cellulose conversion occurs. The study further demonstrated the utility of on-line CO2 measurements as a method to assess biofilm development and substrate digestibility pertaining to microbial solubilization of cellulose, which is relevant when considering feedstock pre-treatment options.
Preliminary study of binary protein adsorption system and potential bioseparation under homogeneous field of shear in airlift biocontactor
Authors: Dahman Yaser , Jayasuriya Kithsiri E
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the bioseparation of binary protein mixtures using polystyrene based anion ex- change resin. Adsorption experiments were conducted in batch mode using draft-tube internally recirculate dair lift biocontactor in comparison with the conventional shake flask batch adsorption equilibrium experiments. Binary protein mixtures contained bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bovine haemoglobin (BHb) at different initial fractions. Results from single solute adsorption experiments in biocontactor showed that both proteins were equally adsorbed onto the resin with equilibrium reached in an equal time period. This represents similar affinities towards the negatively charged resin surface, although BSA was expected to adsorb through specific forces. Adsorption results showed that BSA has hindered the BHb adsorption in the biocontactor, although adsorption of both proteins was equally hindered in the shake flasks adsorption experiments. Moreover, adsorption of BHb was inhibited up to 29% in the presence of BSA compared to the adsorption of BHb from a solution containing single solute of BHb at the same initial concentration. Similarly, the presence of BHb has hindered the adsorption of BSA by 59%. Adsorptions of both BSA and BHb from binary solution when each formed 75% initial fraction while the other protein formed the remaining 25% were relatively low with equilibrium reached in shorter time. Moreover, considerable amount of proteins remained in the solution, which demonstrates that multilayer adsorption most likely didn’t occur at the relatively small protein concentrations used in the present study. In general, the higher adsorption of BHb can also be related to the compressibility of its molecules which allowed for higher adsorption capacity. The homogeneous and lower shear environment in the airlift bio-contactor compared to the other conventional batch adsorption in shake flask reduced the compressibility of BHb that caused higher BSA adsorption from bi-nary solutions of BSA and BHb, which allowed for better bioseparation of both proteins.
Dynamic finite element analysis of bending-torsion coupled beams subjected to combined axial load and end moment
Authors: Kashani Mir Tahmaseb , Jayasinghe Supun , Hashemi Seyed Mohammad
Published: July 2021

The dynamic analysis of prestressed, bending-torsion coupled beams is revisited. The axially loaded beam is assumed to be slender, isotropic, homogeneous, and linearly elastic, exhibiting coupled flexural-torsional displacement caused by the end moment. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli bending and St. Venant torsion beam theories, the vibration and stability of such beams are explored. Using the closed-form solutions of the uncoupled portions of the governing equations as the basis functions of approximation space, the dynamic, frequency-dependent, interpolation functions are developed, which are then used in conjunction with the weighted
residual method to develop the Dynamic Finite Element (DFE) of the system. Having implemented the DFE in a MATLAB based code, the resulting nonlinear eigenvalue problem is then solved to determine the coupled natural frequencies of illustrative beam examples, subjected to various boundary and load conditions. The proposed method is validated against limited available experimental and analytical data, those obtained from an in-house conventional Finite Element Method (FEM) code and FEMbased commercial software (ANSYS). In comparison with FEM, the DFE exhibits higher convergence rates and in the absence of end moment it produces exact results. Buckling analysis is also carried out to determine the critical end moment and compressive force for various load combinations.
Wavelength-Switchable Dissipative Soliton Fiber Laser With a Chirped Fiber Grating Stop-Band Filter
Authors: Gu Xijia , Zhang Lei , Feng Yan
Published: July 2021

We report a wavelength-switchable single-polarization dissipative soliton (DS) mode-locked fiber laser using a chirped fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for spectral filtering. The chirped FBG, when inserted into the ring cavity, provides a stopband from 1045 nm to 1057 nm, which is used for spectral filtering in this all-normal-dispersion mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser. The combination of the chirped FBG and the Yb gain profile help the formation of the DS. The laser delivers wavelength-switchable and polarized (28 dB) DS of 6.1 nJ and 29 ps at 1032 nm, and 4.3 nJ and 24 ps at 1068 nm, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the direct proof that a bandpass filter is not indispensible to achieve stable DS in ps fiber lasers.
Photoacoustic ultrasound spectroscopy for assessing red blood cell aggregation and oxygenation
Authors: Kolios Michael C.
Published: July 2021

Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation and oxygenation are important markers for a variety of blood disorders. No current technique is capable of simultaneously measuring aggregation/oxygenation levels noninvasively. We propose using photoacoustic ultrasound spectroscopy (PAUS) for assessing both phenomena. This technique relies on frequency-domain analysis of the PA signals by extracting parameters such as the ultrasound spectral slope and the midband fit. To investigate the effect of hematocrit, aggregation, and oxygenation levels on PAUS parameters, a Monte Carlo-based theoretical model and an experimental protocol using porcine RBCs were developed. The samples were illuminated at 750 and 1064 nm and changes in the PAUS parameters were compared to the oxygen-dependent optical absorption coefficients to assess the oxygenation level. Good agreement between the theoretical and experimental spectral parameters was obtained for the spectral slope of the nonaggregated spectra (∼0.3  dB/MHz∼0.3  dB/MHz). The experimental midband fit increased by ∼5  dB∼5  dB for the largest aggregate size. Based on the analysis of the PA signals, the oxygen saturation level of the most aggregated sample was >20%>20% greater than the nonaggregated sample. The results provide a framework for using PA signals’ spectroscopic parameters for monitoring the aggregation and oxygenation levels of RBCs.
Time-varying window length for correlation forecasts
Authors: Jeon Yoontae , McCurdy Thomas H.
Published: July 2021

Forecasting correlations between stocks and commodities is important for diversification across asset classes and other risk management decisions. Correlation forecasts are affected by model uncertainty, the sources of which can include uncertainty about changing fundamentals and associated parameters (model instability), structural breaks and nonlinearities due, for example, to regime switching. We use approaches that weight historical data according to their predictive content. Specifically, we estimate two alternative models, ‘time-varying weights’ and ‘time-varying window’, in order to maximize the value of past data for forecasting. Our empirical analyses reveal that these approaches provide superior forecasts to several benchmark models for forecasting correlations.

Keywords: model uncertainty; variance and correlation forecasts; time-varying window length
Comprehensive Analysis of Edge Detection in Color Image Processing
Authors: Plataniotis Konstantinos N , Shu-Yu Zhu, , Venetsanopoulos Anastasios N.
Published: July 2021

Various approaches to edge detection for color images, including techniques extended from monochrome edge detection as well as vector space approaches, are examined. In particular, edge detection techniques based on vector order statistic operators and difference vector operators are studied in detail. Numerous edge detectors are obtained as special cases of these two classes of operators. The effect of distance measures on the performance of different color edge detectors is studied by employing distance measures other than the Euclidean norm. Variations are introduced to both the vector order statistic opera-tors and the difference vector operators to improve noise performance. They both demonstrate the ability to attenuate noise with added algorithm complexity. Among them, the difference vector operator with adaptive filtering shows the most promising results. Other vector directional filtering techniques are also introduced and utilized for color edge detection. Both quantitative and subjective tests are performed in evaluating the performance of the edge detectors, and a detailed comparison is presented.
Copyright 1999 Society of Photo‑Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this publication for a fee or for commercial purposes, and modification of the contents of the publication are prohibited.
A GIS-Based Web Approach for Serving Land Price Information
Authors: Yang Yongjun , Sun Yaqin , Li Songnian , Zhang Shaoliang , Wang Kuoyin , Hou Huping , Xu Shishuo
Published: July 2021

Participants in the land market are usually hampered to browse and analyze the land price information due to the lack of information sources and available analysis tools. A service-oriented GIS-based web system was developed to provide a practical solution, its essential data sources contain basic geographic elements and benchmark land price (BLP)-related information. Core models for land price analysis were implemented, including land price index, spatial distribution, and parcel appraisal. The system was developed based on a four-level Browse Server (B/S) architecture using GIS and web service technologies, which enables the publishing, browsing, and analysis of the land price information via the Internet. With effective functionalities, the system has been employed in a project for updating BLP in a case study city located in China. The main advantage of the GIS-based web approach lies in its integration of spatial-temporal analysis models and web GIS technology, which allows more investors and administrators with limited domain knowledge to obtain further understanding on the change pattern and spatial distribution of land price by an online means. The experience in the case study city demonstrates that the approach has strong practicality for land price information services.
Know When to Rock the Boat: How Faculty Rationalize Students’ Behaviors
Authors: Ginsburg Shiphra , Lingard Lorelei , Regehr Glenn , Underwood Kathryn
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND:

When faculty evaluate medical students’ professionalism, they make judgments based on the observation of behaviors. However, we lack an understanding of why they feel certain behaviors are appropriate (or not).

OBJECTIVE:

To explore faculty’s reasoning around potential student behaviors in professionally challenging situations.

DESIGN:

Guided interviews with faculty who were asked to respond to 5 videotaped scenarios depicting students in professionally challenging situations.

SUBJECTS:

Purposive sample of 30 attending Internists and surgeons.

APPROACH:

Transcripts were analyzed using modified grounded theory to search for emerging themes and to attempt to validate a previous framework based on student responses.

RESULTS:

Faculty’s reasoning around behaviors were similar to students’ and were categorized by three general themes: Imperatives (e.g., take care of patients, behave honestly, know your place), Affect (factors relating to a student’s “gut instincts” or personality), or Implications (for the student, patients, and others). Several new themes emerged, including “know when to fudge the truth”, “do what you’re told”, and “know when to step up to the plate”. These new codes, along with a near ubiquitous reference to Affect, suggests that faculty feel students are responsible for knowing when (and how) to bend the rules. Potential reasons for this are discussed.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although faculty are aware of the conflicts students face when encountering professional challenges, their reliance on students to “just know” what to do reflects the underlying complexity and ambiguity that surrounds decision making in these situations. To fully understand professional decision-making, we must acknowledge and address these issues from both students’ and faculty’s points of view.
Effect of Fluid Friction on Interstitial Fluid Flow Coupled with Blood Flow through Solid Tumor Microvascular Network
Authors: Sefidgar Mostafa , Soltani M. , Raahemifar Kaamran , Bazmara Hossein
Published: July 2021

A solid tumor is investigated as porous media for fluid flow simulation. Most of the studies use Darcy model for porous media. In Darcy model, the fluid friction is neglected and a few simplified assumptions are implemented. In this study, the effect of these assumptions is studied by considering Brinkman model. A multiscale mathematical method which calculates fluid flow to a solid tumor is used in this study to investigate how neglecting fluid friction affects the solid tumor simulation. The mathematical method involves processes such as blood flow through vessels and solute and fluid diffusion, convective transport in extracellular matrix, and extravasation from blood vessels. The sprouting angiogenesis model is used for generating capillary network and then fluid flow governing equations are implemented to calculate blood flow through the tumor-induced capillary network. Finally, the two models of porous media are used for modeling fluid flow in normal and tumor tissues in three different shapes of tumors. Simulations of interstitial fluid transport in a solid tumor demonstrate that the simplifications used in Darcy model affect the interstitial velocity and Brinkman model predicts a lower value for interstitial velocity than the values that Darcy model predicts.
Multi-View Human Activity Recognition in Distributed Camera Sensor Networks
Authors: Mosabbeb Ehsan Adeli , Raahemifar Kaamran , Fathy Mahmood
Published: July 2021

With the increasing demand on the usage of smart and networked cameras in intelligent and ambient technology environments, development of algorithms for such resource-distributed networks are of great interest. Multi-view action recognition addresses many challenges dealing with view-invariance and occlusion, and due to the huge amount of processing and communicating data in real life applications, it is not easy to adapt these methods for use in smart camera networks. In this paper, we propose a distributed activity classification framework, in which we assume that several camera sensors are observing the scene. Each camera processes its own observations, and while communicating with other cameras, they come to an agreement about the activity class. Our method is based on recovering a low-rank matrix over consensus to perform a distributed matrix completion via convex optimization. Then, it is applied to the problem of human activity classification. We test our approach on IXMAS and MuHAVi datasets to show the performance and the feasibility of the method.
Promoting Immigrant Women's Cardiovascular Health: redesigning patient education interventions
Authors: Fredericks Suzanne , Guruge Sepali
Published: July 2021

Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death among women from low- to middle-income countries. The most common cardiovascular nursing intervention is that of patient education. However, the applicability of this intervention is questionable, as these educational initiatives are typically designed and evaluated using samples of “white” homogeneous males. Using the social determinants of health framework, this discursive article identifies specific strategies for redesigning existing cardiovascular education interventions to enhance their applicability to immigrant women. The recommendations will allow nurses to enhance the educational support offered resulting in the reduction and/or prevention of cardiovascular-related symptoms and/or complications
A dynamic coefficient matrix method for the free vibration of thin rectangular isotropic plates
Authors: Jayasinghe Supun , Hashemi Seyed Mohammad
Published: July 2021

The free flexural vibration of thin rectangular plates is revisited. A new, quasi-exact solution to the governing differential equation is formed by following a unique method of decomposing the governing equation into two beam-like expressions. Using the proposed quasi-exact solution, a Dynamic Coefficient Matrix (DCM) method is formed and used to investigate the free lateral vibration of a rectangular thin plate, subjected to various boundary conditions. Exploiting a special code written on MATLAB, the flexural natural frequencies of the plate are found by sweeping the frequency domain in search of specific frequencies that yield a zero determinant. Results are validated extensively both by the limited exact results available in the open literature and by numerical studies using ANSYS and in-house conventional FEM programs using both 12- and 16-DOF plate elements. The accuracy of all methods for lateral free vibration analysis is assessed and critically examined through benchmark solutions. It is envisioned that the proposed quasi-exact solution and the DCM method will allow engineers to more conveniently investigate the vibration behaviour of two-dimensional structural components during the preliminary design stages, before a detailed design begins.
The Radical Ideas of Mary Wollstonecraft
Authors: Ferguson Susan
Published: July 2021

Recent scholarship on Mary Wollstonecraft portrays her as either a liberal who disrupts the boundaries between public and private spheres or as a proto-socialist paving the road for a class-based feminism. Neither of these characterizations adequately captures the radical quality of her work. A close study of her views on class and family place her squarely within the liberal tradition of political economy. While she politicizes these institutions and, in so doing represents a threat to the late nineteenth-century British ruling classes, she neither disrupts the basic tenets of liberalism nor seriously anticipates the class insights of socialist feminism.
Parameters sensitivity assessment and heat source localization using infrared imaging techniques
Authors: Rastgar-Jazi Maryam , Mohammadi Farah
Published: July 2021

Background: At present, infrared (IR) imaging is used both as a non-invasive and a non-ionizing technology. Using an IR camera, it is possible to measure body surface temperature in order to detect tumors and malignant cells. Tumors have a high amount of vasculature and an enhanced metabolism rate, which may result in an increase in body surface temperature by several degrees above its normal level.