bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The experience of the Scientific Library of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova in promoting the image and information services in the online environment
Authors: AMORȚITU Angela
Published: April 2024

The library is an important center of informational and cultural communication for its community. In order to remain in the community’s attention and to arouse the interest of new segments of the public, the library needs continuous and effective promotion. Through appropriate promotion, info-documentary institutions can create a favorable image, provoke or amplify the beneficiaries’ curiosity for books and information, for tools and information search systems, as well as the interest to study and inform themselves for various curricular activities. The Scientific Library of ASEM uses online marketing through social media in an effective way, focusing on defining target market segments and their needs, establishing the right tools for organizing and carrying out activities. Examples of tools and methods used to promote the products and services of the ASEM Scientific Library in the online environment are provided. The success and image of the library is constituted by its visibility in the community.
РАЗРАБОТКА ПРОЕКТА СУДНА С УПРОЩЕННЫМИ ОБВОДАМИ НА БАЗЕ ПРОЕКТА 1328 МРТК БАЛТИКА
Authors: Москаленко Ю. В. , Мушенков А. А. , Синкевичуте Д. Р. , Шахмиев И.И.
Published: April 2024

В статье авторами рассмотрен вопрос о проектировании рыболовного судна с упро- щенными обводами на базе проекта МРТК типа Балтика. Применение таких обводов потре- бовало исследование мореходных качеств судна, с целью обеспечение безопасности и ста- бильности судна в условиях промысла. В работе продемонстрированы особенности проекти- рования корпуса судна с упрощенными обводами. Также выполнены расчеты ходкости и остойчивости на больших углах крена с использованием программного обеспечения «Диа- лог-Статик. Выполнено сравнение вместимости основных корпусов судов проекта и прото- типа. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о приемлемых изменениях мореходных ка- честв судна.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МИКРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
БЕЛКОВО-УГЛЕВОДНОГО ПЕЧЕНЬЯ ДЛЯ СПОРТИВНОГО ПИТАНИЯ
ПРИ ОБОСНОВАНИИ СРОКА ГОДНОСТИ
Authors: Горбачева А. В. , Мезенова О. Я.
Published: April 2024

Проведен микробиологический анализ по установлению срока годности белковоуглеводного печенья, предназначенного для питания спортсменов. В состав рецептуры продукта
входят овсяные хлопья, пептидная добавка из рыбьей чешуи, изолят сывороточного белка,
изомальтоолигосахарид и другие компоненты. Проанализированы аналоговые продукты из
сетевых магазинов Калининграда. Исследования велись в шести контрольных точках: фон
готового продукта, 2 недели, 1 месяц, 2 месяца, 3 месяца, 104 дня. Обоснован рекомендуемый
срок годности печенья – 3 месяца – с учетом коэффициента резерва для нескоропортящихся
продуктов 1,15.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЯ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ,
СОВЕРШАЕМЫХ В ОТНОШЕНИИ НЕСОВЕРШЕННОЛЕТНИХ
Authors: Чугунова И. Д. , Маханек А. Б.
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена исследованию проблем предупреждения преступлений,
совершаемых в отношении несовершеннолетних. Дается анализ эффективности мер
профилактики вовлечения несовершеннолетних в противоправную деятельность,
осуществляемых с использованием ресурсов сети Интернет. Исследуются вопросы
вовлечения несовершеннолетних в преступную деятельность с помощью деструктивного
контента сети Интернет.
A Case of a Patient with Combined Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy and Peripheral Vasculopathy Who Achieved Healing After Combined Multidisciplinary Outpatient Treatment of the Diabetic Foot
Authors: Bai Jiao-Jiao
Published: April 2024

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the serious complications of diabetes, which is a chronic wound caused by a combination of factors such as limb ischemia, infection, lower limb neuropathy, etc. Its treatment and wound management pose significant challenges to all healthcare professionals. Currently, treatment for diabetic foot ulcers often focuses on surgical interventions such as skin grafting and amputation, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. A 61-year-old female patient presented to the clinic due to a swollen skin breakdown on the right inner ankle. She was diagnosed with diabetes at the age of 53 and developed her first diabetic foot ulcer at the age of 60. Laboratory results from this visit revealed a glycosylated hemoglobin level of 9.7%, a glycosylated albumin level of 26.8% and a fasting blood glucose level of 16.1 mmol/L. Ultrasonography of the lower limb arteries showed localized intimal-medial thickening with multiple sclerotic plaque formation on both lower limbs. For this patient, the multidisciplinary joint outpatient clinic for the diabetic foot was given systemic treatments such as blood glucose control, nerve nourishment, circulation improvement, lipid regulation and plaque fixation, while the diabetic foot care specialist gave an individualized wound treatment plan of cleansing, debridement and dressing coverage by evaluating the wound’s pH, infection grading and exudate traits, among other indicators. After 2 months of comprehensive treatment, the patient’s blood glucose control was stable and the ulcer healed. This case of recurrent ulcer rehabilitation provides new ideas for diabetic foot ulcer wound treatment and individualized wound treatment based on diabetic foot care led by experts holds promise as another effective means for healing diabetic foot ulcers.
A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Replacing Part of Fishmeal by Brewer’s Yeast in Feeding Taiwan Loach
Authors: Zhou Maoyuan , Li Zongzhang , Xu Jiahao , Pu Liu , Wen Anxiang
Published: April 2024

In this experiment, brewer’s yeast was used to replace part of the fish meal in the feed to formulate a high-fat and low-protein feed for Taiwan loach. The effects of brewer’s yeast on the growth performance, muscle quality, hepatopancreas and pancreas carnitine content, intestinal flora, immunity, and antioxidant ability of Taiwan loach were preliminarily investigated. In experiment 1, 600 Taiwan loaches were randomly divided into 4 groups, and 1% (group A), 4% (group B), 8% (group C), and 12% (group D) of brewer’s yeast was substituted for an equal amount of fishmeal in the basal diets. The loaches in each group were fed for 60 d. In experiment 2, 60 Taiwan loaches were selected and randomly divided into a control group (Group E) and a test group (Group F). The loaches were fed the basal diet and the high-fat and low-protein diet supplemented with 8% fishmeal, replaced by brewer’s yeast. The experiment lasted for 60 days, and the growth performance, hepatopancreas carnitine content, muscle quality, intestinal flora, plasma antioxidant, and immune capacity indices of loaches in each group were determined. The results were as follows: the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher in group C than those in groups A, B, and D (P < 0.05); the intestinal length ratio, muscle hardness, hepatopancreatic carnitine content, plasma superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity, and lysozyme activity were significantly greater in group F than those in group E (P < 0.05); the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts in Group F were considerably higher than those in Group E (P < 0.05), and the Salmonella counts in Group F was significantly lower than that in Group E (P < 0.05); the survival rate, weight gain rate, bait coefficient, muscle crude protein, crude fat, viscosity, elasticity, cohesion, chewability, and restorative capacity were not significantly different between Group F and Group E (P > 0.05). The above results showed that adding 8% brewer’s yeast to feed Taiwan loach instead of fish meal could enhance its hepatopancreatic carnitine synthesis, optimize the intestinal flora, improve the body’s immune and antioxidant ability, and have a certain promotional effect on the intestinal development and muscle quality improvement.
E-Waste: Management Techniques for The Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Onkar Nath Mishra  , Chatrabhuj  , Bipin Prajapati
Published: April 2024

The growing generation of E-Waste has forced the various environmental agencies of the world to studies about the serious problematic trends of generation, uses, management and about the discarded part of E-Waste. This problem also grabs attention of many researchers of the world to know about the different aspects of E-Waste generation in such a rapid rate. Some of them discover new ways of handling this electronic waste which contains hazardous and some precious metals in it. This research paper delves into the global challenges posed by electronic waste (e-waste) and explores opportunities for sustainable management. The study underscores the pressing need for responsible recycling strategies, advocating the circular economy model as a viable framework. It provides a detailed examination of India's burgeoning e-waste generation, regulatory measures, and the imperative for effective enforcement. The paper explores mechanical methods for e-waste processing, considering efficiency, economic implications, and the life cycle assessment of e-waste. Practical applications of e-waste in civil engineering, from construction materials to artistic installations, are outlined. Ultimately, the research emphasizes the urgency of collaborative efforts among governments, industries, and individuals to establish robust infrastructure and practices for responsible e-waste management, weighing economic advantages against potential environmental hazards associated with recycling.
A Study on Agricultural Loans offered by NABARD to Farmers
Authors: Tarannum Jahan  , Arfath Jahan  , L Manjula  , Lubna Ruheen  , Madigani Sravanthi  , Madiha Fatima Maryam
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the comprehensive landscape of agricultural loans disbursed by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) to farmers in India. The research scrutinizes the varied purposes for which these loans are extended, encompassing crop cultivation, animal husbandry, dairy farming, poultry, fisheries, and agro-processing. Emphasizing the different loan types – short-term, medium-term, and long-term – the investigation explores the interest rates associated with each category and evaluates the role of government subsidies in enhancing affordability. Additionally, the study investigates the credit delivery mechanism facilitated by NABARD through cooperative banks, regional rural banks, and commercial banks, ensuring an inclusive approach to reach farmers across diverse strata. The research underscores the technological impetus provided by NABARD, encouraging farmers to adopt modern agricultural practices and technologies. Special attention is given to risk mitigation measures, including crop insurance, designed to shield farmers from losses arising due to unforeseen circumstances. Keywords: NABARD, Agricultural Loans, Farmer Financing, Credit Delivery, Government Subsidies, Rural Development, Risk Mitigation, Financial Inclusion, Technological Adoption, Indian Agriculture.
Primer tratamiento broncoscópico con crioterapia y plasma de argón de carcinoma epidermoide de pulmón en el Hospital Metropolitano, Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Jarrín Estupiñán Miguel Eduardo , Arteaga Yépez Paulina Elizabeth , Redrobán Armendariz Ligia Marcel
Published: April 2024

Introducción: Los tumores endobronquiales que originan obstrucción, son tributarios de tratamiento endoscópico para repermeabilización de la vía aérea, mejora sintomática y disminución de complicaciones. Presentamos a una paciente sin antecedentes patológicos clínicos que presentó tos crónica productiva y neumonías a repetición con una broncoscopia previa en la se evidenció una lesión endobronquial que ocupaba el 100% de la luz del bronquio principal izquierdo. Acudió con clínica de fiebre, taquicardia y con aporte de oxígeno a flujos bajos; con expansibilidad pulmonar ligeramente reducida. A la auscultación, murmullo vesicular abolido en campo pulmonar izquierdo y radiológicamente con una atelectasia masiva del pulmón izquierdo y amputación del bronquio principal izquierdo. Intervenciones y resultados: se realizó una broncoscopia con debulking de tumor endobronquial utilizando plasma argón (APC) y crioterapia, procedimiento realizado por primera vez en el Hospital Metropolitano sin complicaciones. En el control radiológico se objetivó la re-permeabilización de vía aérea. El análisis histopatológico de la lesión define el diagnóstico de carcinoma mucoepidermoide (CME) de pulmón. Conclusiones: Las lesiones endobronquiales se presentan de manera inespecífica y son un reto terapéutico. La crioterapia y ablación utilizando APC, son opciones disponibles para una reducción del volumen tumoral, repermeabilización de la luz bronquial, reexpansión pulmonar, control sintomático y mejoría de la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
Study of the effect of Kalyani raga in Anxiety-like conditions in female Wistar rats
Authors: Rathod Pratiksha , Vaidya Harsha D
Published: April 2024

Stress is a medical condition. It can be managed without any internal interventions through Raga therapy as it is healing therapy. It works effectively in psychological conditions if performed with particular harmony. To study the effect of Kalyani raga on the behavioral pattern of female Wistar rats, stress and anxiety were induced in rats with mild stressors. Effects were recorded, compared, and analyzed. In 10 days pilot study, we studied two groups of 10 female Wistar rats in which mild stressors were induced for 7 days before 2 days and post-study 1-day observation. In group one, we intervened with Kalyani Raga and observed the behavioral pattern while another group was observed for the same without any intervention. The observation was recorded by a high-quality video camera. Parameters studied were locomotion, Climbing on the cage, Digging, Sitting, Feeding, Drinking, defecation, sleeping, and rubbing. Both groups were exposed to mild stressors during the recording. Kalyani Raga activates neurons and remarkably engages the brain. Even after stressors, Improvement in feeding within group 1 and the gross motor activities of group 1 with the intervention of Kalyani raga have been seen by a decrease in locomotion, digging, rubbing, and an increase in sleep showing the soothing effect of Kalyani raga which also showed a significant effect on sleep despite stress as compared to group 2 with no intervention. There is huge scope to perform the same study with a large sample size to get the evidence that can prove the effect of Kalyani raga in stressful conditions.
In Vitro Immunomodulatory Activity of Sagalanoi Chooranam (Poly Herbal Formulation) in RAW Macrophage Cell Line
Authors: G Tamilarasan , R Gomathi , E Preetheekha , RN Hema
Published: April 2024

Within the realm of Siddha medicine, an ancient and venerable traditional healing system hailing from India, a comprehensive methodology is deployed to combat liver disorders. This approach is characterised by the utilisation of herbal remedies, accentuating the reinstatement of equilibrium in the body's vital life force, known as "Vatham," "Pitham," and "Kapham." The utilisation of cell line studies is crucial in assessing the immunomodulatory properties of herbal medicine, offering invaluable insights into their capacity to influence the immune system and advancing our comprehension of their therapeutic benefits. The primary objective of this investigation was to elucidate the potential immunomodulatory properties of sagalanoi chooranam, a polyherbal Siddha formulation, through the execution of anti-proliferative assays conducted. On the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Various test solutions were precisely prepared, encompassing a spectrum of concentrations (50, 100 and 200 μg/ml). The RAW 264.7 cells were diligently cultured and then carefully subjected to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate cellular activation. Following this activation, the test formulation was introduced at varying concentrations, after which the cells underwent a 24-hour incubation period. The resultant nitrite levels, serving as indicators of immunomodulatory response, were evaluated within the cell lysate. The outcomes unveiled a notable decline in nitrite levels, correlating with the dosage of the test formulation during the incubation with RAW 264.7 cells. The outcomes of the study elucidate a conspicuous decline in nitrite levels in direct correlation with escalating concentrations of the test formulation, contrasting starkly with the control group exclusively subjected to LPS. Furthermore, the investigation meticulously probed the ramifications of the test formulation on cellular viability. The vitality of RAW 264.7 cells exhibited a discernible downward trajectory as the concentration of the test formulation ascended. Noteworthy is the fact that, at the concentration of 200 μg/ml, cellular viability registered at a mere 55.53 ± 3.567%. Collectively, these findings lend credence to the hypothesis that the test formulation possesses a dose-dependent capacity to attenuate both nitrite levels and cellular viability within the RAW 264.7 cell milieu, underscoring its auspicious immunomodulatory attributes. This research expands our insights into the potential immunological ramifications of the test formulation and underscores its plausible utility within the realm of immunomodulation.
A comparative study of Goksheera and Mahisha-ksheera w.s.r. to Quality of sleep - An observational study
Authors: Kumar Sujit
Published: April 2024

Introduction:   Ahara, Nidra and Brahmacharya are three sub-pillars, which support the main pillar, the body itself. Health is the supreme foundation for the achievement of happy life. Objective of Ayurveda is to accomplish the physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being, by adopting the preventive and promotive approach as well as treating the diseases with various remissive approaches. Aim: 1. To compare the effect of Goksheera and Mahishaksheera w.s.r. to improve the Quality of Sleep. Objectives:  1. To Assess the Effect of Goksheera to improve the Quality of Sleep. 2. To Assess the Effect of Mahishaksheera to improve the Quality of Sleep. 3. To Compare the Efficacy of Goksheera and Mahishaksheera to improve the Quality of Sleep. Methodology: - People who fulfill the eligibility criteria was selected who are voluntarily   willing to participate in the study and assessed their quality of sleep by Using PQSI scale and advising Goksheera and Mahishaksheera in Luke warm condition 1 hr. before going to bed for 1 month. The selected Subjects are advised to maintain a sleep dairy to confirm sleeping/sleepless pattern. The data was collected before treatment and after treatment follow up, the intervention was compared and analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank W test and Mann –Whitney U test applied after consulting the Biostatistician. Ethical clearance: Was obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee of Parul Institute of Ayurveda, Parul University. Observations and Results:   On Quality of Sleep is assessed by PQSI Scale, improvement showed   were in Sleep Quality (58.12%), Sleep latency (60.35%), Sleep duration (65.72%), Sleep efficiency (60.40%), Sleep disturbances (56.99%), Daytime dysfunction (63.58%), and Global score PSQI (71.77%).  Conclusion: Both Goksheera and Mahishaksheera have shown the beneficial effect, in the improvement of Quality of Sleep. But in between two groups, Mahishaksheera had shown more significant result, to improve the Quality of Sleep. Hence, the Null Hypothesis rejected.
Evaluation of anti-microbial effect of Sushrutokta Vayu-Nirvishikarana yoga
Authors: B Soubhaghyalaxmi , M B Gundakalle , P S Vinay
Published: April 2024

Introduction: With the presence of extensive number of various microbes in the living environment, there is need to explore few sustainable and safe practices to control the ill effects of the microbes. In Indian tradition the Dhoopana (fumigation process) is well established since time immemorial and it is practiced regularly for different purposes. Many of the formulations quoted in the classics are already in practice. Acharya Sushruta, in Kalpasthana quotes the use of Vayu Nirvishikarana Yoga for Dhoopana-artha in the chikitsa of Dushita Vayu. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt safer methods like Dhoopana with the herbal formulations for the disease control. Methods: Vayu Nirvishikarana yoga comprising of 11 drugs, predominantly constitutes of volatile oils, alkaloids and tannins from the respective drugs. There are proven studies over the antimicrobial property, anti-oxidant properties of various drugs of this formulation. Results: The study was conducted to showcase the efficacy of the Dhoopana yoga in an indoor environment in terms of limiting the microbial load. The results of this work showed considerable results with sufficient scope for further studies. Conclusion: Krimighna and Vishaghna gunas of these drugs used in this formulation can be justified as explained in the classics. After evaluating the existing data about Dhoopana process and executing the study, its effectiveness becomes self-evident, but scientific approach and evidence are required to mainstream them and to establish the formulations as primary disinfection measures.
Incorporation of standardised extract of Curcuma longa Linn into phytosomes and its evaluation for in vitro Anti-inflammatory potential and Brine shrimp lethality assay
Authors: Marennavar Santosh , Shahapurmath Sakshi , Paneri Shafin , Nayak Tanvi , Patil Akshay K , Jalalpure Sunil S
Published: April 2024

Aim: To incorporate standardized Curcuma longa Linn extract into phytosomes and evaluate for in vitro anti-inflammatory and BSL bioassay. Method: The quality of the plant material was determined by various pharmacognostic parameters. The plant material was then subjected to maceration for extraction using ethanol: water as solvent followed by Soxhlet extraction. The resulting extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis to determine the presence of plant metabolites. The drug and excipients compatibility was evaluated by FTIR study. Furthermore, using the thin film hydration approach, a new lipid-based phytosome was prepared. In vitro anti-inflammatory and brine shrimp lethality tests were performed on prepared phytosome. Results: Moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash values, aqueous, alcohol, and petroleum ether extractive values are all found to be within limits. The phytochemical analysis validated the existence of alkaloids, tannins, resins, carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, and saponins. The compatibility study demonstrates the compatibility of excipients with drugs. Thin film hydration technique was employed successfully to prepare the phytosomes containing Curcuma longa linn extract. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity revealed that prepared phytosome could serve as natural based therapeutic option for anti-inflammatory potential. Brine shrimp lethality assay also confirmed the bioactivity of prepared phytosomes. Conclusion: The method used for standardization can be used to aid with plant identification and quality analysis of Curcuma longa Linn for future research. It can be inferred from the findings that phytosomes loaded with Curcuma longa Linn extract exhibited promising anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects.
A Polyherbal extract treats Streptozotocin induced Diabetes mellitus: Pharmacognostic study, HPLC analysis and in vivo antidiabetic activity
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Sharma Rahul Kumar , Baljeet Singh  , Kaur Navdeep , Sharma Shailesh
Published: April 2024

The plants used in study have been used traditionally for various purposes skin problems, diabetes, astringent, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective activities, anthelmintic, antipyretic, antidysentric, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticancer properties. The present study involves the evaluation of pharmacognostic parameters of the four herbal drugs (Azadirachta indica leaves, Pterocarpus marsupium heartwood, Picrorhiza kurroa rhizomes, and Withania coagulans berries and fruit coat), High performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC) as well as antidiabetic activity of polyherbal extract. The qualitative as well as quantitative analysis was done. The drug was given to Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats in doses 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight for 21 days. In HPLC analysis it was found that major component in all the extracts was beta carotene along with hesperidin, tannic acid, catechin, ferulic acid, caffeic acid along with other polyphenolic components responsible for the antioxidant activity as well as antidiabetic activity of polyherbal extract. Rats were found to show an increase in body weight, improved blood sugar levels and hemoglobin. The liver glycogen, total proteins, serum lipid profile were restored back to normal range after using the polyherbal extract in diabetic rats. The histopathological study also shows an improvement in diabetic rats at cellular level. The results were found to be dose dependent.
Comparative antioxidant activity of Sesame root and leaf extract - An In-vitro study
Authors: R Gomathi , TN Uma Maheswari , S Rajesh Kumar
Published: April 2024

Universe has millions and millions of plants, but not all the plants have medicinal values.  One such gift from nature is Sesame and is crowned as the “Queen of oilseed crops” due to its various medical properties like anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti- microbial etc. This research paper aims to compare the antioxidant activity of sesame leaf extract and sesame root extract with the standard ascorbic acid using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) assay. Different concentrations of the extracts and ascorbic acid were prepared (10 µg/mL, 20 µg/mL, 30 µg/mL, 40 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL), and the antioxidant activity was measured. The results indicate that both sesame leaf extract and sesame root extract exhibit antioxidant activity, with sesame leaf extract showing slightly higher activity than sesame root extract. The findings suggest that sesame leaf extract has potential as a natural antioxidant source and could be used as an alternative to synthetic antioxidants. Overall, this study provides valuable information on the potential health benefits of sesame extracts and highlights the importance of natural antioxidants in preventing free radical damage and associated diseases.
Phytochemical analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Screening of Shoot Extracts of Viola odorata linn. from Shikari Devi Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Dhiman Sunny , Dahiya Dev Prakash , Sharma Saurabh
Published: April 2024

The traditional healers made significant use of the Viola odorata of the Violaceae family for its many ethnopharmacological uses. The phytochemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from Viola odorata shoots were studied, and the antibacterial potential of the optimized extract was also examined. The Soxhlet apparatus was used to extract phytochemicals from shoots in four different solvents, including n-hexane, butanol, methanol, and water.  High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to analyze the stigmasterol profile of V. odorata shoots. The extracts were found to contain alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and phenolics, all of which were found in significant amounts in the methanolic extract. The methanolic extract also showed the highest radical scavenging activity (79.23 ± 0.44 %). TLC and HPLC profiling of methanolic extract revealed a considerable amount of stigmasterol in the shoots of Viola odorata. HPLC analysis of the methanolic shoot extract of the plant revealed the presence of 0.009 µg mL-1 stigmasterol. Optimized Methanolic extract showed respectable in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis (2.6 ± 0.41 mm zone of inhibition), E. coli (3.4 ± 0.71 mm zone of inhibition), and Candida albicans (3.5 ± 0.48 mm zone of inhibition). The outcomes demonstrated that the methanolic shoot extract of Viola odorata from Shikari Devi Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India, is a valuable herb for further screening and might be prepared for in-vivo animal studies.
Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological significance and toxicology of Argemone mexicana L. – A review approach
Authors: N Srinivasan
Published: April 2024

Argemone Mexicana L. (AM, Papaveraceae) is found and native to tropical America. Many cultures have traditionally used this annual herb to treat a variety of ailments, including skin disorders, digestive problems, eye issues, and anti-dotes. Argemone Mexicana (AM), a plant with a long history of traditional use, has recently gained renewed attention from researchers due to its potential pharmacological benefits. The possibility that this plant could be used to develop new therapies has inspired further research. Information about AM was collected from scientific databases published between January 2000 and March 2022. These databases include Elsevier, PubMed, Web of Science, NOPR, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Wiley, SpringerLink, and ACS publications. Numerous chemical constituents present in AM have been found to have medicinal properties, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponin, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides. Various parts of the AM plant exhibit antimicrobial, wound healing, antioxidant, antimalarial, larvicidal, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anticancer effects, and have been used to treat sexually transmitted diseases. However, the plant is also known to be toxic, and its use can lead to a number of adverse effects, including dermatitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, and neurological damage. This review critically evaluates recent developments in the traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of AM in order to provide a scientific basis for reasonable utilization and further research.
Fighting COVID-19: A Study to Compare Viable Treatment Options across Different Medical Systems
Authors: Bhapkar Vedvati , Bhalerao Supriya
Published: April 2024

During COVID-19, while many drugs from conventional medicine (CM) were falling short, those from Ayurveda, Siddha, Herbal Medicine, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) showed promising potential. The published recovery-aimed clinical studies on medicines from above-mentioned systems were retrieved. For CM, meta-analyses of studies using ICMR-protocol drugs, viz. hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, favipiravir, ivermectin & remdesivir were searched. For other systems, preferably active-controlled, stand-alone studies, were considered.  Their general characteristics, efficacy and safety outcomes were documented.  The outcomes were evaluated on basis of a methodology inspired from ‘WHO-Minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research’. The CM drugs were utilized either in multiple combinations or independently. Most studied combination was HCQ and azithromycin. HCQ efficacy was studied in biggest sample. These drugs did not exhibit significant efficacy for early clinical recovery and viral clearance. The adverse event (AE) incidences were also prominent. Barring TCM, studies using Ayurveda regime Tab. Immunofree and Cap. Regimmune and CVO+C, were done in only symptomatic patients. The efficacy of Tab. Immunofree- Cap. Regimmune regime was better than conventional care including azithromycin and favipiravir. The AE incidences in these studies were minimal. Medicines from alternative systems except CM exhibited better efficacy and safety in all outcome measures.
In Vitro evaluation of anti-urolithiatic activity of Piper betle L.
Authors: Alwe Lekha , Gavas Sagar
Published: April 2024

Urolithiasis or kidney stone is the most frequently occurring urinary disorders seen all over the world. They are saturated crystals formed due to the minerals present in the urine. It majorly comprises calcium oxalate, uric acid and phosphate crystals. The phosphate crystals, known as struvite, are formed due to the urinary tract infections. Although there are various synthetic medications, the use of traditional medicines / plants has been a promising method to treat kidney stones. To investigate the antiurolithiatic potential of traditional plant - Piper betle, the aqueous extract of Piper betle leaves was used. This extract was tested on two different crystals, first onto the raphides present in Colocasia esculenta leaf which is analogous to the calcium oxalate crystals. Second on the struvite crystals prepared from the crystallization method. The study showed there was a considerable decrease in the amount of raphides present in Colocasia esculenta and the same effect was seen on struvite crystals, which reveals that the leaves of Piper betle have an effect in dissolving and/or minimising the size of both crystals, thus substantiating the traditional claim. It is concluded that the leaves of Piper betle have beneficial inhibitory effect on in vitro crystallization of calcium oxalate and struvite crystals.
The GCMS, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of the Ayurveda oil, Balaguluchyadi Tailam
Authors: Sudhan Aparna , K Prabhu , Balakrishnan Deepalakkshmi , Jones Sumathi , Rao Mudiganthi Ramakrishna , M Kavimani
Published: April 2024

In Ayurvedic medicine, tailas made by infusing the decoctions of holistic healing herbs in sesame or coconut oil. The current study focuses on the GC MS analysis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of one such ayurvedic oil Balaguluchyadi tailam. The oil is recommended for the treatment of neuropathy, gout, arthritis, cataracts, headaches, and neuritis. Antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, and the amount of chemicals present in the sample were all examined in the oil using GC-MS analysis. The oil had strong reducing power activity, and the IC50 for the DPPH assay was 389.4 l/ml. The oil also had a significant anti-inflammatory effect.  Numerous bioactive chemicals were present, according to the GC-MS study which has anti-inflammatory properties for which balaguluchyadi tailam is recommended for providing instant relief from pain caused due to arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The taila  is extremely helpful for retaining vata and rakta balance.
Redistribution Methods for Income Equality in the United States
Authors: Sung Jihyeon
Published: April 2024

Redistribution for income equality is a contentious issue, with advocates citing increased economic stability and skeptics fearing potential negative impacts on economic growth. The United States (U.S.) faces notably high income inequality compared to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) average, with wealth concentrated in the top brackets. This paper critically examines the existing U.S. redistribution methods, including the taxation system and welfare programs, highlighting challenges such as the lack of tax progressiveness in top brackets and limited redistribution compared to European counterparts. Based on this overview, the study evaluates alternative redistribution strategies, including wealth and business taxes. The paper compares theory with insights from pilot programs in other countries. Finally, the paper argues for a universal basic income (UBI) set at per-capita welfare spending, positing that this approach can empower individuals to escape poverty traps, enhance productivity, and introduce a choice mechanism for welfare consumption. Ultimately, this research seeks to propose the most effective and feasible income redistribution policies for the U.S. to bridge the income inequality gap.
Jamaican Values and Foreign Policy
Authors: Golding Paul
Published: April 2024

Dependency theory suggests that the foreign policy of small island developing countries will be congruent to the preferences and interest of larger and more powerful countries in its sphere of influence.  A large body of contemporary scholarship asserts that values not only play a role in the mass public’s attitudes toward domestic politics, but that they also help people make sense of attitudes toward international affairs national values, they are influenced by factors such as historical traditions, cultural backgrounds, and the realities of the country. Internal tensions are created when a government pursues a foreign policy that is incongruent with the values of the citizens. This study examined the values of 513 Jamaican citizens using the World Value Survey and discussed these findings within the context of values theory and contemporary foreign policy issues. The secular versus religious divide helps to explain the differences in views on LBGTQ, Abortion and Promiscuity and Abstinence between Jamaica and the hegemon. There is far more congruence in values and culture as it relates to Privacy, Science and Technology, Corruption, and Security. It is important that national culture and values of dependent countries be respected by dominant countries instead of assimilating into one worldview.
The uncertainty of economic policies in the United States and its impact on the stock markets of some African countries: An empirical study with VAR modeling
Authors: Mosbah Lafi  , Hafidha Chammem
Published: April 2024

The economic and financial integration that has taken place over the last 20 years has led to a situation where the reaction of financial markets is no longer solely due to local factors, but also to macroeconomic and financial news of regional and international origin. In this regard, we focus on the effect of the international transmission of uncertainty shocks on global stock market performance. Given that the United States is the world’s leading economic power, some studies have highlighted the adverse effects of the international propagation of US uncertainty shocks on international stock markets (Ehrmann and Fratzscher, 2009; Klobner and Sekkel, 2014; Hammoudeh et al., 2016).

Using VAR modeling, our study examines the specific impact of economic policy uncertainty in the USA on the stock markets of four African countries: Tunisia, Egypt, Morocco, and South Africa. Although geographically distant from the USA, these economies are closely integrated into the global economy and are likely to be affected by international economic and political developments, particularly those originating in the USA, a major economy and a key player on the global stage.
Tang Tri-Color Glazed Ceramics: Wisdom and Inheritance of Luoyang city, China
Authors: Yang Mengmin , Sriruksa Arunee , Sriruksa Kittisan
Published: April 2024

This article aims to study the wisdom and inheritance of Tang tri-color glazed ceramics in Nanshishan Village, Luoyang using qualitative research methods to survey, interview, observation, and focus group discussions on the inheritors and heirs of Gao's large-scale factory and Wang's family shop in Nanshishan Village. The structural functionalism theory were applied in analyzing the wisdom in history, current situation, and wisdom of Tang tri-color glazed ceramics in Nanshishan, Luoyang, consisting of production steps of large-scale factory and local family shops. The 5W communication theory was used to study the inheritors, heirs, inheritance content, inheritance methods, and inheritance effects of Tang tri-color glazed ceramics, providing reference for better inheritance of local family shops in Nanshishan Village.
The Island's Call for Justice: NGO Advocacy in the Climate Litigation Case of Pari Island in Indonesia
Authors: Mayaputri Anya , Gracia Paramitha  , Nurul Isnaeni
Published: April 2024

Climate injustice has become a prominent issue following the Paris Agreement, where emissions generated by developed countries burden local communities in developing countries. Consequently, one of the efforts to address climate injustice for communities in the Global South is through climate litigation processes. The process itself is a challenging one since the litigants need support legally and politically to ensure it has proceeded. Here, non-governmental organisation’s (NGO) engagement is the most feasible support that local communities can access. This article analyzes the dynamics of climate justice attempts through a unique case study: climate litigation between residents of Pulau Pari, a small island located in the Java Sea, Indonesia, and the cement giant Holcim-LaFarge in Switzerland. This climate litigation is advocated by three collaborating NGOs: HEKS (Switzerland), ECCHR (Germany), and WALHI (Indonesia). Using a qualitative method, we analyze the role of NGO advocacy in the litigation process using the advocacy function concept by Joseph Szarka; issue framing, construction and dissemination of knowledge, responsibility attribution, political lobbying, public mobilization and agenda setting. We argue that the advocacy support of the three related NGOs amplified the climate litigation process beyond legal proceedings. The strategy of advocating climate litigation is an innovative way to create wider recognition from the international community and push adaptation to the struggle of the local community.
The Role of Government Spending in Developing the Productive Capacity of The Iraqi Economy
Authors: Muhammad Abdul-Ameer Atiyah Al-Yasi  , Harith Rahim Atiyah Al-Yasi
Published: April 2024

The research seeks to demonstrate the impact of government spending on the productive capacity of the Iraqi economy, as the continuous increase in the volume of public spending and the adoption of the planned deficit method in the budgets of various years must reflect positively on the productive capacity of the country, so the relationship between the two variables was estimated according to the autoregressive distributed lag model ( ARDL) as it shows the relationship in the short and long terms and for the period 2004-2022, and among the results obtained is that current spending has a negative impact on the productive capacity index. This means that current spending is unproductive within its vicious circle, that is, money leaks out without generating economic returns for the country. Investment spending has a positive impact on the productive capacity index, as the average investment spending during the research period amounted to approximately (20%) of government spending, which is a very low percentage that was reflected in the weakness of the investment-based structures of the Iraqi economy, and this is what made the productive capacity index of the Iraqi economy It records a low percentage, reaching its best levels (35%), and this is consistent with the weak allocation of financial resources in investment aspects. What supports the analysis is the relationship test, which shows us that investment spending has a positive and significant effect on production capacity, but its parameter reached (0.07), which is a very low percentage. It has almost no effect. However, if a large percentage of financial resources were directed towards investment areas, this would develop projects, increase their ability to produce and productivity, and achieve high rates of GDP growth.

Therefore, the research recommends the necessity of directing government spending towards productive sectors in order to improve production capabilities and achieve sustainable development comparable to developed countries, as well as periodically monitoring and evaluating the extent of the productivity of public spending in various economic sectors in order to make it more effective.
Measuring the Quality of Internal Control and its Impact on the Performance of the Banking Institutions
Authors: Haider Ali Abdullah
Published: April 2024

The researcher aimed to assess the impact on the institutional performance of the bank’s sample research, the statement of relationship, and the quality of internal control through his research. There were seven banks in the government commercial bank research community, and two banks were included in the sample research. To evaluate his research hypotheses, the investigator used a two-axis resolution distributed among 45 questions, totaling 68. A basic linear regression model was employed by the researcher. According to Pearson's coefficient of correlation with the research findings, the study sample banks demonstrated both high levels of institutional performance and internal control quality. Additionally, it demonstrated a statistically significant relationship between the quality of internal control and the banking institution's performance. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that banks take a greater interest in internal control, which will help to improve the institutions' overall performance.
Status Fulfillment through Social Networks: Impact of Hierarchies on Social Differentiation and Well-being
Authors: Sipos Dario
Published: April 2024

This study examines the multifaceted impacts of hierarchical systems and social networking on social differentiation, network formation, and individual well-being. Employing a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis, it explores the dynamics of power and status within organizations, the influence of social resources on socioeconomic status, and the role of social networking sites in shaping social capital and psychological health. The research investigates how hierarchical structures within organizations and informal social settings contribute to social differentiation, examining the effects of power, status, and social resources on individual and group dynamics. Additionally, it assesses the impact of social networking sites on social well-being, career development, and psychological health, considering both the positive and negative consequences of online social interactions. The study reveals that while hierarchical systems and social networking can foster social capital, professional growth, and enhanced well-being, they also pose risks of social inequality, psychological distress, and exacerbated mental health issues. The findings underscore the complexity of social relations in the digital age, offering insights for developing more inclusive social structures and healthier digital interaction spaces. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between social hierarchies, networking, and well-being, providing valuable implications for organizational leaders, policymakers, and individuals navigating social differentiation and digital socialization.
Bankruptcy according to the bankruptcy law and postponement of payment perspective of creditor legal protection
Authors: Yulianti Wiyono  , Slamet Suhartono  , Endang Prasetyawati
Published: April 2024

The development of the business world is strongly influenced by the business world as one of the economic actors, including the banking business. The business world is also very dependent on the conduciveness of the business climate that supports it. If the business climate conditions are not conducive, it will affect the stability of the business world, and can even cause business actors to suffer losses, which results in the capability and credibility of business actors in carrying out their business activities being disrupted, and can even result in bankruptcy. To maintain the smooth running of their business, business actors must obtain guaranteed protection through legal instruments established by the government. Legal protection given to banks as creditors is needed in maintaining business continuity. This legal protection is very important, considering that banking is an economic joint that supports the most vital national economy. Filing for bankruptcy which requires a minimum of 2 (two) creditors for a bankrupt debtor using the Postponement of Debt Payment Obligation mechanism based on the bankruptcy law and PKPU does not provide a guarantee of sufficient legal protection for creditors.