bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardioprotective effects of compound ALM-802 on subendocardial ischemia models
Authors: Tsorin I. B. , Barchukov V. V. , Vititnova M. B. , Likhosherstov A. M. , Mokrov G. V. , Kryzhanovskii S. A.
Published: September 2021

The investigation purpose. N1-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)-N2-{2-[(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)amino]ethyl}-1,2-ethanediamine (ALM-802 compounds) cardioprotective effect has been studied in rat models of subendocardial ischemia caused by isoproterenol and dobutamine. Material and methods. Acute subendocardial myocardial ischemia in anesthetized rats (urethane 1300 mg/kg, i.p.) was caused by infusion of isoproterenol (20 µg/kg/min i.v.) or dobutamine (80 µg/kg/min i.v.). Results. It was shown that in anesthetized rats, isoproterenol and dobutamine caused almost the same ST-segment depression in the II standard ECG lead. The compound ALM-802 (2 mg/kg i.v.), administered 2 minutes before the infusion start of isoproterenol or dobutamine, equally prevented the occurrence of ischemic changes on the ECG. Conclusion. The non-selective beta-adrenomimetic isoproterenol and the selective β1-adrenomimetic dobutamine cause subendocardial ischemia of the same intensity in anesthetized rats. The compound ALM-802 has a pronounced anti-ischemic effect on both models.
Evaluation of the antitumor activity of 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol) in C57BL/6 mice with intracranially transplanted B16 melanoma
Authors: Murazov I. G. , Stukov A. N. , Zmitrichenko Iu. G. , Niuganen A. O. , Tochilnikov G. V. , Latipova D. Ch. , Filatova L. V. , Semiglazova T. Yu.
Published: September 2021

Background. The arsenal of antitumor drug therapy for melanoma brain metastases is limited. The search and study of new agents capable to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and provide a therapeutic effect against intracranial tumors remains an unmet clinical need. The aim is to evaluate the antitumor activity of the domestic derivative of nitrosoalkylureas, chlonisol, in mice with intracranially transplanted syngeneic B16 melanoma. Methods. The experiment was carried out in 18 female inbred C57BL/6 mice. After intracranial tumor transplantation, performed according to modified technique, the animals were randomized into two groups: I. Control (n = 10) – the animals were injected with normal saline 10 ml/kg intraperitoneally; II. Chlonisol (n = 8) – the animals were treated with the test compound at a dose of 15 mg/kg in normal saline intraperitoneally. The single administration of normal saline and chlonisol was performed 24 hours after tumor transplantation. The end point of the study was overall survival (OS) of the animals. Results. Compared with the control group, administration of chlonisol significantly increased the median OS of mice from 13 to 18 days (log rank test, p = 0.0005). Chlonisol significantly decreased the risk of death by 71 % compared with the control group (HR = 0.29; 95 %CI 0.10–0.82). By the 15th day after intracranial transplantation of B16 melanoma, all 10 mice in the control group died from intracerebral tumors (100 %), whereas in the chlonisol group only 2 out of 8 (25 %) mice died (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0015). Conclusion. Despite the exploratory nature of the present study, it provides a good starting point for further research of chlonisol in brain tumors.
Determination of Serum/Plasma Concentrations of Psychotropic Drugs in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Authors: Miroshnichenko I. I. , Baymeeva N. V. , Platova A. I.
Published: September 2021

The article considers the main methodological methods of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of psychotropic drugs. Analytical methods that allow performing these studies have been described. It has been given the interpretation, examples and brief results of two studies of TDM of antipsychotic drugs made in FSBSI “Mental Health Research Center” and Psychiatric hospital No.14 in Moscow.
Conceptual Principles of State Regulation of Industry on the Basis of New Industrial Policy
Authors: SHCHEPANSKIY Eduard
Published: September 2021

It is proved that for effective state regulation of industry it is necessary to pursue a clear, high-quality and purposeful state industrial policy. To do this, we should use the full range of available mechanisms and tools. In the course of the research it was established that industrial policy means a set of measures of state regulation of economic processes at the sectoral and corporate levels, aimed at stimulating innovation activity, structural adjustment of the economy and economic growth. The necessity of pursuing the new industrial policy, which can be defined as a policy of maintaining competitiveness, is substantiated. It is determined that the process of state regulation of industry is a set of actions of the state as an institution used to influence the activities of economic entities (enterprises, corporations, entrepreneurs, etc.), as well as certain aspects of this activity related to acquisition of factors of production, organization of production, distribution and sale of goods and services in all phases of the life cycle of the business entity and the life cycle of its products. State regulation based on industrial policy has both positive and critical statements, the essence of which depends on the subject under discussion, namely, policy as a set of state measures and policy as a means to achieve political goals. It is proposed to allocate a list of new conditions for the implementation of effective state regulation of industry on the basis of state industrial policy, which form the conceptual basis of the new industrial policy. The main (basic) characteristics of state regulation of industry on the basis of traditional and new industrial policy are given, where the scenarios of traditional (vertical) policy and new (horizontal) policy are based. Based on the analysis of the practice of state regulation of industry in the European Union, priority areas of regulation have been identified, namely: increasing competitiveness through the development of new markets; strengthening of innovative activity, development of knowledge-intensive businesses; accelerating the process of restructuring companies and industries; improving the institutional and legislative environment; protection of intellectual and property rights; improving the quality and skills of the workforce.
RESPONSIBILITY IN THE FIELD OF COPYRIGHT
Authors: Нинциева Тамила Магомедовна , Исламова Селима Тимуровна
Published: September 2021

В настоящей статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с наступлением юридической ответственности за нарушения в области права интеллектуальной собственности, а именно авторского и смежных прав. Отмечается, что в Российской Федерации за нарушения в указанной области предусмотрены гражданско-правовая, административная и уголовная ответственности. Делается акцент на раскрытие диспозиции каждого правонарушения авторского и смежных прав.

This article discusses issues related to the occurrence of legal liability for violations in the field of intellectual property rights, namely copyright and related rights. It is noted that in the Russian Federation civil, administrative and criminal liability is provided for violations in this area. Emphasis is placed on disclosing the disposition of each violation of copyright and related rights.
The Value of Integrating Governance and Sector Programs: Evidence from Senegal
Authors: Frazer Sarah , Wetterberg Anna , Johnson Eric
Published: September 2021

As the global community works toward the Sustainable Development Goals, closer integration between governance and sectoral interventions offers a promising, yet unproven avenue for improving health service delivery. We interrogate what value an integrated governance approach, intentionally combining governance and sectoral investments in strategic collaboration, adds to health service readiness and delivery using data from a study in Senegal. Our quasi-experimental research design compared treatment and control communes to determine the value added of an integrated governance approach in Senegal compared to health interventions alone. Our analysis shows that integrated governance is associated with improvements in some health service delivery dimensions, specifically, in aspects of health facility access and quality. These findings—that health facilities are more open, with higher quality infrastructure and staff more frequently following correct procedures after integrated governance treatment—suggests a higher level of service readiness. We suggest that capacity building of governance structures and an emphasis on social accountability could explain the added value of integrating governance and health programming. These elements may help overcome a critical bottleneck between citizens and local government often seen with narrower sector or governance-only approaches. We discuss implications for health services in Senegal, international development program design, and further research.
The Effect of Hemp Seed Oil on Skin and Soap Performance
Authors: ŞEKER Münevver , ESEN Özlem
Published: September 2021

The cannabis plant is essentially a variety of the Cannabis Sativa L. plant. It is used in the textile, energy, automotive and cosmetics. The use of oil derived from hemp seeds has become widespread in cosmetics. Hemp seed oil does not contain Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and it is used in the production of food, biodiesel and polymers as well as cosmetics. In this study, different concentrations of hemp seed oil were used in cream and soap formulations, which are among the cosmetic products, and effect on skin hydration, sebum and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) on the skin was investigated. At the same time, the foaming test was applied to soaps containing different concentrations of hemp seed oil to see effects of soap foam performance. To analyse these, a rinse-off and leave-on product were selected. In soap formulations, there is positive effect on skin hydration and TEWL with sebum decrease. The most important change in cream formulations with respect to bar soap formulations is the increases in sebum. The effects of hemp seed oil on soap foam performance were examined. As a result of the study, its effect on the foam of the soap base which is used in this study is positive.
KARGI TULUM PEYNİRİNİN BAZI KİMYASAL, TEKSTÜREL VE MİKROBİYOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: Çakır Çağım Akbulut , Bedir Tuba Büyüksırıt , Paksoy Özlem İstanbullu
Published: September 2021

Kargı Tulum cheese is a type of cheese produced in the highlands in summer seasons from sheep, goat, cow and buffalo milk and their mixtures in certain proportions in the Kargı district of Çorum and put on the market in autumn. It is particularly consumed in Çorum, Kastamonu, Samsun and Ankara provinces. For the marketing of cheeses, tulums made of sheep and lamb skins are cleaned and cut into small pieces and sewn. Cheese curds, after the whey draining, are pressed into the prepared tulums by being compressed so that there is no airgap in them. Traditional production and sales methods are stil used in Kargı Tulum cheese, therefore standardized products cannot be obtained in every production. For this reason, the stages involved in the traditional cheese production and the packaging material used for ripening affect the chemical and textural properties, microbial load and therefore, quality of the product. There are few number of studies on Kargı Tulum cheese and no extensive study examined the texture and rheological characteristics of it. Cheese texture is influenced by many factors, such as composition, microbiological load, ripening conditions and proteolysis; therefore texture properties should be evaluated together with the chemical and hygenic parameters. In this study, some chemical (pH, titrationacidity, total solids, fat), textural (TPA) and microbiological characteristics (total mesophilic count, mold and yeast counts, coliform) of tulum cheese samples produced according to the tradional method with three replicates were determined. Moisture content of the Kargı Tulum cheese samples were 43.45%, fat content was found % 25.5, pH was 4.55, acidity (lacticacid %) was 2.55. According to TS 3001 Tulum Cheese Standard our Kargı Tulum cheese samples were classified as full fat cheese and our chemical composition results were in accordance with the standard. We found statistically significant differences between cheese samples for all texture parameters measured (firmness, adhessiveness, springiness, gumminess, resilience) except for chewiness. Average total mesophilic aerobic bacteria countwas 6.40 log cfu.g-1 mean mold and yeast counts were found to be 1.07 log cfu.g-1. Coliform group bacteria were not found in the analyzed samples. When microbiological results were compared statistically, it was determined that there was no significant difference between cheese samples.
Algorithm for assessing the total 10 years risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in women 25-64 years old in Tyumen (Tyumen risk scale)
Authors: Pushkarev G. S. , Matskeplishvili S. T. , Kuznetsov V. A. , Akimova E. V.
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To define total 10-year cardiovascular mortality risk in Russian females in dependence on traditional and psychosocial risk factors (RF) and to design the algorithm of its estimation.

Methods. The study included non-organized population of Central Administrative district of Tyumen city. Epidemiological study, based on the representative selection of 1000 females aged 25-64 years. Screening respond was 81.3%. Cardiovascular mortality rate within 10 years was studied. Totally, 31 cases of cardiovascular death were registered in female cohort within 10year follow-up. We used a multivariate Cox regression model to estimate hazard ratio (HR) and confidence interval (CI). Relations between mortality rate and factors such as age, smoking, education, occupation, marital status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), body mass index, total cholesterol, cholesterol of low and high density lipoproteins were analyzed.

Results. To build a model of total cardiovascular risk, six statistically significant indicators were selected: age (HR – 1.099, 95% CI 1.032-1.1.69), SBP (1.026, 95% CI 1.011-1.041), primary education (4.315, 95% CI 1.878-9.910), work associated with heavy physical labor (4.073, 95% CI 1.324-12.528), executives (3.822, 95% CI 1.386-10.537) and marital status (2.978, 95% CI 1.197-7.409). Based on these data, model for total cardiovascular mortality risk in females was designed with good predictive accuracy (AUC was 0.882, 95% CI – 0.833 – 0.930).

Conclusion. Thus, created mathematical model, built based on statistically significant traditional and psychosocial RF, makes it possible to effectively predict the total cardiovascular risk at the individual level in the female population.
COVID-19 prevention and management: Potential applications of humic substances
Authors: Koul Diksha , Khosla Jasmine K. , Manhas Ravi S. , Chander Devtulya , Chaubey Asha
Published: September 2021

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has forced the human population to rethink over the lifestyle and food habits being followed by them. During the current scenario, when cases of more virulent new strain are emerging and specific treatment are still underway, we must look back to the Darvin’s theory of “Survival of the fittest” and in order to sustain the pandemic, we must follow the rule “Prevention is better than cure”. Traditional Medicinal System can bring possible solution including prevention and control of COVID-19. Humic substances have been used for antiviral activities, signifying that it has potential applications in the management and prevention of infectious diseases.

Summary: Present article is focused on the assessment of the naturally occurring humic substances, which are major constituents of Shilajit, being used in traditional system of medicine and can be used against for the prevention of COVID-19.

Key message: Humic substances not only improve the immune system, but also have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral activities against human RNA viruses. Therefore, while the entire world is preparing to deal with alarming threat of community spread of COVID-19, Humic substances may play a vital role in improving the innate immunity for prevention and management of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Eosinophil-mediated lung inflammation associated with elevated natural killer T cell response in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Kim Dong-Min , Seo Jun-Won , Kim Yuri , Park Uni , Ha Na-Young , Park Hyoree , Yun Na Ra , Kim Da Young , Yoon Sung Ho , Na Yong Sub , Moon Do Sik , Lim Sung-Chul , Kim Choon-Mee , Kim Yeon-Sook , Cho Nam-Hyuk
Published: September 2021

Background/Aims: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with acute respiratory syndrome. The mechanisms underlying the different degrees of pneumonia severity in patients with COVID-19 remain elusive. This study provides evidence that COVID-19 is associated with eosinophil-mediated inflammation.Methods: We performed a retrospective case series of three patients with laboratory and radiologically confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to Chosun University Hospital. Demographic and clinical data on inflammatory cell lung infiltration and cytokine levels in patients with COVID-19 were collected.Results: Cytological analysis of sputum, tracheal aspirates, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from all three patients revealed massive infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs), such as eosinophils and neutrophils. All sputum and BALF specimens contained high levels of eosinophil cationic proteins. The infiltration of PMNs into the lungs, together with elevated levels of natural killer T (NKT) cells in BALF and peripheral blood samples from patients with severe pneumonia in the acute phase was confirmed by flow cytometry.Conclusions: These results suggest that the lungs of COVID-19 patients can exhibit eosinophil-mediated inflammation, together with an elevated NKT cell response, which is associated with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Une linguistique impliquée en acquisition du langage ?
Authors: Canut Emmanuelle , Husianycia Magali , Masson Caroline
Published: September 2021

L’article présente les résultats d’une évaluation des pratiques de professionnels intervenant dans un dispositif de recherche-action-formation visant l’accompagnement à l’apprentissage du langage d’enfants de maternelle sur une année scolaire. Les intervenants bénéficient d’une formation initiale et continue sur les interactions adulte/enfant qui prend appui sur les recherches en linguistique de l’acquisition. L’étude statistique des modalités pragmatiques et des caractéristiques linguistiques du langage des adultes montre des modifications dans les modalités d’échanges proposés aux enfants, en lien avec la formation proposée. Mais l’étude montre aussi que c’est la production des constructions syntaxiques (en particulier complexes) qui a un impact significativement plus important dans la progression des enfants, tandis que les conduites langagières (offres, reprises et reformulations) jouent un rôle moindre. Ces analyses interrogent sur le contenu des connaissances à transmettre dans ce contexte d’intervention éducative et réinterrogent les modalités de transfert d’expertise du chercheur vers les professionnels dans une perspective de recherche impliquée.
La participation des migrants en santé reproductive : le cas des consultations d’andrologie
Authors: Niemants Natacha
Published: September 2021

La participation des migrants à des consultations médicales centrées sur la personne est un défi majeur de notre société multilingue et multiculturelle. Si l’on considère la compréhension mutuelle comme indispensable pour tout modèle de communication refusant le paternalisme et se basant sur un partage de la prise de décisions, l’exploration des manifestations interactionnelles de la compréhension s’avère cruciale tant pour les professionnel.le.s travaillant dans les institutions de soins, que pour les chercheurs menant des études dans le domaine médical. Après avoir fourni quelques repères théoriques, nous analyserons le fonctionnement de deux formats séquentiels où un andrologue affiche sa compréhension des réponses et des questions des patients. Nous proposerons enfin un retour au terrain visant à une inter- ou transdisciplinarité qui invite à réfléchir sur la relation médecin-patient en santé reproductive.
Une « linguistique impliquée » pour rendre visible la part interactionnelle du travail dans la formation
Authors: Alcade-Lebrun Céline
Published: September 2021

Cette contribution concerne une ethnographie collaborative menée dans un institut privé du supérieur. Elle a eu pour objectifs, en s’appuyant sur un dialogue entre sciences du langage et sciences de l’éducation et de la formation, la documentation des pratiques didactiques de la licence professionnelle formant aux métiers de service en hôtellerie-restauration, ainsi que l’ingénierie visant à améliorer la transmission des compétences interactionnelles dans ce cursus. Nous nous intéressons ici aux résultats de ce travail d’ingénierie notables dans les performances de service des étudiants issus de la promotion qui en a bénéficié. À cette fin, après avoir exposé les partis-pris théoriques et méthodologiques qui cadrent la recherche, nous explicitons les choix sur lesquels repose la nouvelle formation instaurée et questionnons les modalités d’évaluation de ses éventuels effets sur les performances de service des novices, avant de développer une analyse de cas de trois étudiants filmés en restaurants-écoles en fin de travail d’ingénierie et de conclure sur l’apport d’une telle démarche pour la recherche et la formation.
Habitats collectifs pour personnes âgées autonomes
Authors: Simzac Anne-Bérénice , Bedin Maria Grazia , Droz Mendelzweig Marion
Published: September 2021

En Suisse romande comme en France, diverses solutions d’habitats collectifs destinées aux personnes âgées sont proposées en alternative au domicile ordinaire. Deux d’entre elles entrent en résonance : les résidences autonomie françaises et les logements-protégés suisses. Ces deux variantes sont des modèles de logement à mi-chemin entre le domicile ordinaire et l’institution médico-sociale. Deux études menées dans ce type de structure, en régions parisienne et lyonnaise en 2015 et l’autre en Suisse romande en 2020, font apparaître des similitudes fortes, mais aussi des disparités d’objectifs et de fonctionnement révélatrices de nuances dans le positionnement face au vieillissement. L’examen des avantages et des limites de ces habitats permettra de juger de leur faculté à proposer une alternative solide à l’entrée en institution. Suite à l’exposé des méthodologies utilisées et des fonctionnements de ces modèles d’habitats dans les deux contextes nationaux, nous identifierons ce qui les rend susceptibles de prolonger le sentiment du « chez-soi » et de les inscrire comme alternative à l’entrée en établissement médicalisé.
De l’Ehpad aux logements assistés : la leçon néerlandaise
Authors: Cérèse Fany
Published: September 2021

Cet article vient analyser les différentes modalités d’accompagnement des personnes âgées dépendantes aux Pays-Bas, tant dans sa dimension sociale, organisationnelle que spatiale. Celui-ci se caractérise par une prégnance très forte de la logique « domiciliaire », avec une transformation progressive de l’offre ces quinze dernières années, marquée par la fermeture des structures d’hébergement médicalisées au profit de logements assistés. Peu à peu, et face à un contexte de pénurie de moyens, le gouvernement néerlandais a décidé une réorientation de la prise en charge des personnes qui avancent en âge, non plus centrée sur le soin mais sur la vie quotidienne. Il en ressort des solutions désirables, qui permettent le maintien du libre choix, le droit au risque et par là même le maintien du plaisir, de la qualité et du sens de la vie.
Choix résidentiels des plus de 65 ans en Europe : logement privé ou collectivité ?
Authors: Laferrère Anne , Arnault Louis
Published: September 2021

Avec le vieillissement de la population, la question des soins aux personnes dépendantes devient cruciale. « Vieillir sur place », c’est-à-dire en logement privé « dans la communauté », plutôt qu’en maison de retraite « dans une communauté », semble l’option préférée par la plupart des individus. Nous étudions les décisions de logement des 65 ans et plus en utilisant 5 vagues de l’enquête SHARE (Survey on Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe) dans 11 pays. Nous nous concentrons sur les effets des ressources économiques, c’est-à-dire du revenu, de la richesse financière et immobilière, ainsi que du niveau d’éducation. À niveau observé égal de santé, de handicap, de situation familiale et de logement, un déménagement en maison de retraite est moins probable pour les plus éduqués ou les plus riches. Ce « constat objectif » ex post corrobore la préférence habituelle pour une vie « dans la communauté ». Les effets sont encore plus significatifs lorsque l’on ne prend pas en compte le facteur invalidité, ce qui met en évidence la corrélation entre statut socio-économique et perte d’autonomie chez les personnes âgées. Pour les très âgés, en fin de vie, le passage en institution ne semble dépendre que de l’état de santé ou du degré de perte d’autonomie. Ces effets diffèrent selon le pays, sans que le lien avec l’organisation des soins soit particulièrement clair. Pour satisfaire ce désir de « vieillir sur place », il faudra adapter logements et quartiers, organiser et financer les soins à domicile, adapter les Ehpad aux handicaps lourds et à la fin de la vie.
Santé du parent et choix de localisation des enfants
Authors: Arnault Louis , Juin Sandrine
Published: September 2021

Dans la plupart des pays européens, la forte pression financière pesant sur les systèmes de santé et de protection sociale pourrait accroître le recours aux différentes formes de soutien intergénérationnel. Un tel soutien, lorsqu’il consiste en une aide en nature, n’est possible que si parents et enfants vivent à proximité. L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier le lien entre motifs de soutien intergénérationnel en nature et choix de localisation des enfants. Dans quelle mesure ces choix sont-ils affectés par l’état de santé des parents et leur degré de perte d’autonomie ? À partir des données longitudinales de l’enquête SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe), notre analyse empirique indique que les choix de localisation des enfants sont plus fortement liés à l’aide qu’ils pourraient recevoir de leurs parents qu’à celle qu’ils pourraient leur offrir. En particulier, l’état de santé et la perte d’autonomie du parent n’ont qu’un effet modéré sur la mobilité résidentielle de leurs enfants. Ce résultat pourrait avoir des implications majeures sur l’offre d’aide informelle aux personnes âgées dépendantes en Europe dans les décennies à venir.
Family caregiving attitudes: Implications for post-pandemic eldercare in Japan
Authors: Khan Mostafa Saidur Rahim , Watanapongvanich Somtip , Kadoya Yoshihiko
Published: September 2021

La prestation de soins familiaux, traditionnellement la plus grande source de soins aux personnes âgées au Japon, a été confrontée à des défis en raison de l’évolution de la structure familiale et des problèmes socio-économiques. La pandémie de Covid-19 a exacerbé ces défis. Il est donc important d’examiner les attitudes des personnes à l’égard de la prestation de soins familiaux pour comprendre l’avenir des soins aux aînés. À cette fin, nous avons étudié comment les facteurs socio-économiques sont liés aux attitudes négatives à l’égard de la prestation de soins en milieu familial. Nous avons utilisé les données de l’étude des paramètres de préférence de l’Université d’Osaka, au Japon, et des modèles de régression probit appliqués. Les résultats de notre étude montrent que les répondants qui sont des femmes, mariées, qui ont relativement plus de fils, qui ont un revenu relativement faible et qui ne sont pas en faveur d’un soutien gouvernemental pour les personnes financièrement dépendantes sont plus susceptibles d’avoir des attitudes négatives à l’égard de la prestation de soins familiaux. Une faible relation négative avec la situation d’emploi est également évidente. Les membres de la famille qui sont traditionnellement perçus comme des aidants potentiels ont des attitudes négatives à l’égard de la prestation de soins familiaux.
Vers un modèle communautaire de soutien à domicile des aînés au Japon
Authors: Picard Camille
Published: September 2021

Le Japon est le pays avec le taux de vieillissement le plus important du monde. Face aux nombreuses problématiques que cette situation pose, le gouvernement japonais cherche des solutions pour maintenir les personnes âgées dans leur lieu de vie. Fort d’une tradition d’entraide soutenu par les pouvoirs publics, les pratiques informelles d’aide au maintien à domicile sont encouragées. Depuis 2000 avec la promulgation de la loi sur l’assurance des soins de longue durée, les formes de soutien locales aux personnes âgées sont promues. C’est ainsi que le système de soins intégrés communautaires voit le jour. Les gouvernements locaux ont jusqu’en 2025 pour institutionnaliser des réseaux de soutien à l’échelle du quartier. Les mesures mises en place dépendent donc de la volonté des gouvernements locaux et des ressources territoriales (acteurs locaux, capacité de financement, etc.). Nous proposons d’étudier le cas des arrondissements de Bunkyō et d’Adachi de la ville de Tokyo sur la base d’entretiens semi-directifs menés en 2019 et 2020 auprès des employés de mairie et des travailleurs sociaux locaux. Bien qu’il soit source d’innovations, nous verrons que le système de soins intégrés communautaires pose de nombreuses interrogations aux observateurs et aux acteurs du système quant à sa mise en place concrète.
Les métropoles chinoises face à la pénurie d’aides-soignantes dans les maisons de retraite
Authors: Wang Pengli , Aveline Natacha
Published: September 2021

La Chine compte aujourd’hui 42 millions de personnes âgées dépendantes dont les besoins en soins de longue durée ne peuvent plus être pris en charge par le système familial qui prévalait jusque-là. L’État, à tous ses échelons, encourage la production des maisons de retraite (yanglaoyuan), mais la pénurie d’aides-soignantes est aiguë. Cet article analyse les caractéristiques de l’offre d’aides-soignantes dans les yanglaoyuan de deux grandes capitales provinciales d’une population de 10 millions d’habitants (Hangzhou, une ville côtière prospère, et Zhengzhou, une ville intérieure en développement), et rend compte des initiatives publiques et privées pour y développer des filières professionnelles de soins. L’enquête a porté sur 31 yanglaoyuan à Hangzhou et 27 à Zhengzhou. Elle révèle un faible niveau de qualification des personnels d’aides-soignantes du fait de la prédominance de femmes migrantes rurales âgées de 45 à 55 ans, d’un manque de compétences en soins infirmiers et d’un faible niveau général des rémunérations. Toutefois, on observe une montée en compétence des soins à Hangzhou, grâce à deux principaux facteurs : un soutien financier du gouvernement municipal à la formation et à la revalorisation des salaires d’aides-soignantes d’une part, et la contribution d’opérateurs étrangers à la diffusion des savoirs et techniques de soins d’autre part. Ces caractéristiques n’ont pas d’équivalent à Zhengzhou où la production de yanglaoyuan est encore faible, principalement en raison du stade de développement économique moins avancé de cette métropole de l’intérieur.
Un dispositif Ehpad « hors les murs » : l’utilisation par ses bénéficiaires
Authors: Braverman Louis , Dufour-Kippelen Sandrine , Fermon Béatrice
Published: September 2021

Favoriser le maintien à domicile de personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie conduit à développer de nouvelles organisations de prises en charge. Dans cet article, on s’intéresse à un dispositif expérimental d’Ehpad « hors les murs » qui offre une palette de services au sein d’un Ehpad ou au domicile pour un accompagnement renforcé au domicile. L’adéquation des réponses offertes aux besoins exprimés par les aînés est un enjeu fort de ce type d’innovation. Les données collectées et les entretiens réalisés dans le cadre de l’évaluation de cette expérimentation permettent d’étudier les usages et les ressentis des bénéficiaires. Si les bénéficiaires et leurs aidants se déclarent globalement satisfaits de la personnalisation possible de l’accompagnement, des contraintes organisationnelles en limitent cependant l’étendue. Par ailleurs, le recours aux différents services proposés se caractérise par d’importantes variations, certaines prestations étant peu utilisées, voire jamais, alors que d’autres le sont régulièrement et par une proportion importante de bénéficiaires. Ces résultats alimentent le débat sur les limites du processus de désinstitutionnalisation que ces expérimentations visent.
Time periodic solution to a two-species chemotaxis-Stokes system with $ p $-Laplacian diffusion
Authors: Du Chengxin , Liu Changchun
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we consider a two-species chemotaxis-Stokes system with \begin{document}$ p $\end{document}-Laplacian diffusion in two-dimensional smooth bounded domains. It is proved that the existence of time periodic solution for any \begin{document}$ \frac{15}{7}\leq p<3 $\end{document} and any large periodic source \begin{document}$ g_1(x,t) $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ g_2(x,t) $\end{document}.
Two new preconditioners for mean curvature-based image deblurring problem
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz ,   Department of Mathematics & Statistic, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia, Al-Mahdi Adel M. , Ahmed Rashad ,   The Preparatory Year Program and The Interdisciplinary Research Center in Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia,   Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
Published: September 2021

The mean curvature-based image deblurring model is widely used to enhance the quality of the deblurred images. However, the discretization of the associated Euler-Lagrange equations produce a nonlinear ill-conditioned system which affect the convergence of the numerical algorithms like Krylov subspace methods. To overcome this difficulty, in this paper, we present two new symmetric positive definite (SPD) preconditioners. An efficient algorithm is presented for the mean curvature-based image deblurring problem which combines a fixed point iteration (FPI) with new preconditioned matrices to handle the nonlinearity and ill-conditioned nature of the large system. The eigenvalues analysis is also presented in the paper. Fast convergence has shown in the numerical results by using the proposed new preconditioners.
Mathematical modeling of the influence of cultural practices on cholera infections in Cameroon
Authors: Che Eric ,   Department of Mathematics, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA, Numfor Eric , Lenhart Suzanne , Yakubu Abdul-Aziz ,   Department of Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA,   Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Published: September 2021

The Far North Region of Cameroon, a high risk cholera endemic region, has been experiencing serious and recurrent cholera outbreaks in recent years. Cholera outbreaks in this region are associated with cultural practices (traditional and religious beliefs). In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model of the influence of cultural practices on the dynamics of cholera in the Far North Region. Our model is an SEIR type model with a pathogen class and multiple susceptible classes based on traditional and religious beliefs. Using daily reported cholera cases from three health districts (Kaélé, Kar Hay and Moutourwa) in the Far North Region from June 25, 2019 to August 16, 2019, we estimate parameter values of our model and use Akaike information criterion (AIC) to demonstrate that our model gives a good fit for our data on cholera cases. We use sensitivity analysis to study the impact of each model parameter on the threshold parameter (control reproduction number), $ \mathcal{R}_c $, and the number of model predicted cholera cases. Finally, we investigate the effect of cultural practices on the number of cholera cases in the region.
Degree based models of granular computing under fuzzy indiscernibility relations
Authors: Akram Muhammad ,   Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan, Al-Kenani Ahmad N. , Luqman Anam ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80219, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research work is to put forward fuzzy models of granular computing based on fuzzy relation and fuzzy indiscernibility relation. Thanks to fuzzy information granulation to provide multi-level visualization of problems that include uncertain information. In such a granulation, fuzzy sets and fuzzy graphs help us to represent relationships among granules, groups or clusters. We consider the fuzzy indiscernibility relation of a fuzzy knowledge representation system ($ \mathcal{I} $). We describe the granular structures of $ \mathcal{I} $, including discernibility, core, reduct and essentiality of $ \mathcal{I} $. Then we examine the contribution of these structures to granular computing. Moreover, we introduce certain granular structures using fuzzy graph models and discuss degree based model of fuzzy granular structures. Granulation of network models based on fuzzy information effectively handles real life data which possesses uncertainty and vagueness. Finally, certain algorithms of proposed models are developed and implemented to solve real life problems involving uncertain granularities. We also present a concise comparison of the models developed in our work with other existing methodologies.
Impact of Network Topology on Energy Efficiency in WSN
Authors: El Ouadi Mohammed Réda , Hasbi Abderrahim
Published: September 2021

Wireless communication network has a significant success in scientific and industrial communities. Due to its various advantages, this technology is considered as a key element in current network architectures. It represents the architecture that allows to group a large number of sensors to collect information about a physical process in different environments. The gathered data is transmitted to base station which communicates the information to the end user.Several protocols are proposed for WSNs routing, by considering the limited capacities of sensor nodes according to a specific topology that allows to organize the nodes within the network. However, the performance of each routing protocol mainly depends on the application requirements and its results in terms of the lifetime of WSN and satisfaction of objectives defined.According of the structure of WSN, the routing techniques can be divided in three types hierarchical, location-based flat routing. This paper, present the different routing techniques in WSN, based on the organization of nodes in sensor area. We focus specially to study the three types, cluster-based, chain-based and location-based routing techniques. These techniques will be simulated in order to compared their performances with our protocol Location-Based LEACH (LOC-LEACH).
Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Lafraxo Mohammed Amine , Ouadoud Mohammed , El Madhi Youssef , Soulaymani Abdelmajid
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of stress among healthcare professionals, and to study coping strategies adopted to deal with stress. This is an observational study of a cross-sectional type. A self-administered survey was used to determine the personal and professional characteristics. The Perceived Stress Scale to assess the level of perceived stress. The Ways of Coping Checklist to measure coping strategies. The Perceived Stress Scale shows that the study population is susceptible to stress. Problem-focused coping emerged as the most frequently used coping process for coping with stress. The results lead us to question the importance of coping strategies and to propose effective solutions, the use of new technology is recommended for coping with stress.
A New Method for a Remote Control of a Robotic Manipulator
Authors: Kadry Seifedine , Alferov G. , Korolev V. , Shymanchuk D.
Published: September 2021

A new method of remote control of a space robot designed to perform operations in a complex external environment with objects that can move freely in space or are limited by holonomic bonds that limit their possible movements is proposed. This is typical when performing Assembly operations in space exploration. The method is based on the use of an important feature that characterizes each operation performed. This is a passport of the operations performed on the interaction of the working tool of the robot with objects in the external environment
Development of Medical Drone for Blood Product Delivery: A Technical Assessment
Authors: Mohd Syahril Amir , Gan Kok Beng , Mohd. Ihsan Ahmad Kamal Ariffin
Published: September 2021

Drone is the well-known technology in military and amateur application. Recently, the drone was used to deliver goods and parcels. There is an increasing need for urgent delivery of medical supplies in low resource setting due to traffic congestion and terrain obstacles. The delivery of blood in emergency cases such as postpartum hemorrhaging is challenging and can be delayed due to geographical condition in underserved area. Postpartum hemorrhaging needs an immediate blood transfusion with proper blood product to save the life of mother and baby. To address to this need, a drone that can deliver blood supply to the desired location may be a good option. Therefore, research has been conducted to identify the baseline of drone specifications for blood delivery. A Hexacopter with the ArduPilot firmware and a Lithium-Polymer battery of 16,000 mAh were used to study the applicability of blood products delivery using drone. Using several tests to assess drone limitations, experimental data was obtained and analyzed using distinctive methods. The results indicated that the thrust-to-weight ratio of the drone play a paramount role for the drone performance and flight time. The GPS guidance performance showed a reliable and stable flight with only a slight deviation of ±6 meters during the tests. Finally, a test flight was conducted to simulate the actual test location from Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Hospital Wanita dan Kanak-Kanak, Likas, Sabah. The developed drone reached a flight time of 25 minutes covering 8.38 km with 4.3 kg take-off weight.
An Analysis of Students’ Learning Interest in Programming Language Based on Data Mining with Fuzzy C-Means Method
Authors: Aisa Sitti , Akhriana Asmah , Ahyuna Ahyuna , Irmayana Andi , Irmawati Irmawati , Aini Nurul
Published: September 2021

Students' learning interest and motivation in programming language to date are determined by their scores and abilities to create applications. However, this is not sufficient to identify students' learning interest in programming language because some students got low scores. This study aims to identify students' learning interest in Dipanegara school of informatics management and computer (STMIK), Makassar, in Java programming language. The samples were 65 technical information students and 63 information system students. The data collection technique of this study was questionnaire and processed with data mining technique. Additionally, Fuzzy C-Means clustering method was applied on Java Netbeans programming language to classify the level of students' interest in studying Java programming language.   The result of the study was a web-based application that could determine students’ learning interests. It was obtained through questionnaires and resulted as follows: 47 students had high learning interest, 45 students had moderate interest, and 36 students had fair interest out of 128 samples.
The Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Health Care Workers and Coping Strategies: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Alaradi Amal , Irum Sobia , Ebrahim Nowara , Mohamed Fatima Mohamed Jaffar , Hazeem Fatima Mohamed Jaffar , Ashfaq Muhammad
Published: September 2021

Background: In December 2019, the COVID-19 outbreak originated in Wuhan, China. Since then, this virus has spread at a very rapid rate affecting many countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) subsequently declared a global pandemic, and a range of precautions have been implemented to reduce the spread of the virus. Some of these precautions included social distancing, self-isolation, and quarantine of those who have contracted or potentially contracted COVID-19. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk because of the constant contact with infected patients for extended periods or by exposure to a patient’s environment or biological samples. This may cause fear of transmitting the infection to their families. Also, the extended working hours put them under severe stress, fatigue, and adverse social life. All of these factors affect their behaviors and attitudes. Purpose: to explore the mental health impact of COVID-19 on HCWs as this will be reflected on their performance on such crisis. Besides, we aim to investigate HCWs' coping strategies during the pandemic and provide coping recommendations based on evidence. Methods: A systematic review using PRISMA methodology was used through three electronic databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. All cross-sectional studies that were published in English and that assessed the mental health impact of COVID-19 on HCWs or/and coping strategies adopted by them were included. Results: A total of one hundred and forty articles total were retrieved from the three databases and were reviewed for relevance. reviews for relevance after remove duplicate. We Ended up with twenty-four recent studies from 2020 that were included in the analysis. As COVID-19 has started in China, our review identified many studies that were done there on the subject of HCWs mental health due to the crisis. Italy took the second place in the number of studies. Nurses and physicians were the populations targeted in many studies. Conclusion: COVID-19 has created much pressure on HCWs. This pressure has increased the following mental health complaints: anxiety, depression, insomnia, and stress. Many studies have emphasized the effects of social support as an effective way of coping with COVID-19.
Special relativity as an account for a “special kind” of optical illusion
Authors: Mészáros László G.
Published: September 2021

Although Einstein’s special theory of relativity (STR) is more than a century old, the relation to reality of its predictions, such as length contraction, for instance, still seems obscure. Here, it is argued that the STR, by reason of observer-dependence and the contradicting
nature of its predictions, describes a particular relationship of an observer to reality. Thus, it is concluded that the STR should be looked at as an account for a special kind of optical illusion.
Constants of nature, scientific revolutions, and simplicity
Authors: Unzicker Alexander
Published: September 2021

Since Isaac Newton, many physicists have conveyed the idea of the true laws of nature being governed by “simplicity,” a notion that has rarely been properly defined. When analyzing the history of fundamental physics until 1930, the number of constants of nature appears to
be a useful measure for the complexity of theories, as opposed to the notion of simplicity. It can be observed that paradigm-shifting progress is often related to explanations of physical constants, thereby reducing their total number. Thus, it is argued that scientific revolutions are usually
characterized by a pattern consisting of (1) a conceptual idea, (2) a mathematical formalism, and (3) a reduction of the number of independent constants of nature. This leads to a better understanding of the long-term impact of physical theories and may help to evaluate the current state of
fundamental physics.