bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indigenous languages as predictors of understanding and accepting COVID-19 vaccines in Nigeria and South Africa
Authors: Fadipe Israel , Salawu Abiodun , Ogundeyi Olanrewaju John
Published: December 2024

Indigenous African languages have often suffered neglect in health development campaigns until recently. Considering the multi-faceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on different peoples and societies worldwide, this article argues that vaccine campaigns in African settings cannot be impactful if they are not disseminated in the indigenous African languages. The article is hinged on Salawu’s model of indigenous language for development communication, which affirms the connection between language of communication and people’s understanding of the message communicated. The study employed a survey experimental research method. Using the pool sampling technique, both online and offline questionnaires were used to survey the opinions of 191 Nigerian and 114 South African respondents in Lagos and Mafikeng, respectively, about dominant indigenous languages used for COVID-19 vaccine messages, their degree of understanding vaccine messages and their acceptance or rejection of the vaccine messages. Interview sessions were conducted with five purposively selected health communication and media experts to determine the significance of and challenges encountered in the use of indigenous African languages for COVID-19 vaccine campaigns. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools, such as frequency count and percentage, chi-square, percentile and logistic regression; while the qualitative data were thematically analysed. While respondents mostly identified with messages in Yoruba, Igbo, Setswana and isiZulu, a few respondents identified with a combination of languages, although these languages did not influence their acceptance of vaccines.
COMPREHENSIVE AYURVEDIC CARE FOR EYE AND ENT DISORDERS
Authors: Negi Sangyasri  , Pandey Arun Kumar
Published: December 2024

The shira or head is the most important organ among all the vital organ of body because it resides life along with sense faculties or gyanenindridyas. Shalakya tantra is one among ashtanga ayurveda, dealing with urdhvajatrugata rogas i.e. diseases occurring above the clavicle which includes shira, netra,karna, nasa and mukha. The chaotic lifestyle, faulty food habits, reduced physical activity, over exertion at work, subjection to various environmental changes, increased screen time and over exposure to radiations due to scientific advancement in technology which creates a stressful never ending vicious cycle which has precarious effects on the sense organs. According to Ayurveda “Sarvendriyanam Nayanam Pradhanam” eyes are the principal organ providing sight. The vital information about manifestation of various eye diseases if accounted for, can help in preventing and treating the leading causes of blindness. It is prerequisite to identify the cause then treat the ailment for reimposing the health of indriyas.Ayurvedic management of ophthalmic & ENT disorder manifesting via eye, ear, nose, oral route aims to pacify the vitiated doshas by various kriyakalpa procedures, shodhan and shaman chikitisa which alleviate the symptoms and provides strength to sense organs or indriyas & inflicts better quality of life to individual.
KEYWORDS- Kriyakalpas,Urdhwajatrugata roga ,Gyanenindriyas,Srotas,Panchkarma,Netra rogas
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT HEALTH OF EARTHEN PONDS AND CONDITION INDEX OF WHITELEG SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei Boon, 1931)
Authors: N.C.Ujjania  , Bengani. R  , Yamini Tandel
Published: December 2024

The study on the Aquatic Environment Health of Ponds and Condition Index are important factors for evaluating the physiological status of the shrimp. The morphometric measurements studied were the total length and weight of 1200 randomly selected shrimp specimens from four different earthen ponds located at Palsana, Valsad (Gujarat) during the culture period. Based on the findings of this research, it is concluded that the water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, and hardness were optimum which indicated the suitable environmental conditions for shrimp growth. The observed length, weight, and condition factor (K) of shrimp in all the studied ponds (A, B, C and D) were significantly different. The Correlation coefficient (r) between the variables Condition factor and AEHP showed salinity as an important regulatory factor. The findings showed that the farm operation would be helpful for the farmers to proceed with the economic shrimp production. The findings suggest that the ecological indices (AEHP and Condition Index) in cultured shrimps provide useful information about cultural conditions to the farmers and aquaculture experts. The farm operators could use these indices to assess individual health and habitat conditions through the application of appropriate farming operations.
KEYWORDS: Length, weight, condition, culture, earthen pond
Melatonin Induces per1a Expression in Zebrafish Brain
Authors: Lim Cher Ryn , Low Zhen Xuen Brandon , Sogo Tomoko , Kumari Yatinesh
Published: December 2024

In vertebrates, the circadian mechanism regulates many physiological and behavioral activities. The major key output of the circadian clock is the secretion of melatonin in the pineal gland. Melatonin secretion remains low during the daytime and increases significantly at night. The rise and fall of melatonin level is a key factor that conveys rhythmic information to the organism to carry out daily and annual physiological rhythms. It also affects the rhythmic oscillation of clock genes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) as well as in peripheral tissues. In this study, we have shown that zebrafish brain rhythmically expresses per1a and cry1a in different photoperiodic regimes: light-dark cycle (LD) and continuous light (LL). We have also demonstrated that an acute injection of melatonin in the middle of the subjective day induces per1a expression in zebrafish brain. Furthermore, we have also shown that an acute injection of melatonin affects circadian regulation of locomotor activity in zebrafish under LD conditions. These results provide insight into understanding the underlying mechanism of melatonin in regulation of clock genes and locomotor activity in zebrafish.
Exploring Additive Manufacturing in Automotive Engineering: Impact, Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: - Aneesh Kaliyanda , - Binay Singh
Published: December 2024

This paper reviews the transformative role of additive manufacturing (AM) in automotive engineering, offering a detailed analysis of its impact, current trends, and future potential. Initially used for rapid prototyping, AM has become a critical technology for producing complex, lightweight, high-performance automotive components. The study reviews key AM technologies such as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and Stereolithography (SLA), showcasing their applications in creating intricate geometries and functional parts that enhance vehicle performance.
Assessing Energy Cane Varieties for Renewable Biomass Energy: A Comprehensive Study of Economic Opportunities in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Ramil Mesa Marlen , Abril González Alejandro Julio , Abril Milán Diana R. , Núñez Selles Alberto J.
Published: December 2024

The use of vegetable biomass as a source of renewable energy is a growing trend in line with the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals approved by the United Nations in 2015. Energy cane (Saccharum officinarum) appears to be an appealing alternative for this purpose due to its high agricultural yields (150-200 ton/ha), strong resistance to common diseases compared to sugar cane, the ability to grow on marginal or less suitable lands for other commercial crops, and the feasibility of using the same labour force and machinery used for sugar production from sugar cane. Our study’s goal was the preliminary technical-economic opportunity study for an investment in a 100-hectare energy cane farm that produces energy cane bales (with 30% relative humidity) for use as fuel in biomass boilers in the Dominican Republic. The study showed that using energy cane as biomass feedstock for electricity production would result in profits from the third year onwards, making it highly financially attractive. The specific energy consumption to produce energy cane bales was 5.33 kW/t. The calculated Net Present Value was positive at US$ 128,742.50, the estimated Internal Rate of Return was 44.20%, and the payback period was just 2 years. These figures were higher than any possible bank interest rate.
Knowledge management and technology for enhanced cybersecurity effectiveness
Authors: Burrell James , Jones Nory
Published: December 2024

Cybersecurity continues to be a major concern and presents significant challenges for businesses, governments, nonprofits, and individuals. Organizations are working diligently to mitigate threats to these entities while the rate of cybercrime continues to increase in sophistication and reach. Current models in cybersecurity are becoming increasingly ineffective against the velocity, agility, and persistence of cyber adversaries. This challenge presents an opportunity to consider concepts and methods in knowledge management to strategically evaluate and prioritize adversarial cyber threat activities. This research aims to explore a conceptual framework designed to provide cybersecurity professionals with new models for knowledge management to increase the effectiveness of the detection, mitigation, and attribution of these threats. This conceptual approach draws from the literature on knowledge management and cybersecurity to integrate key concepts into a new theoretical framework. This paper presents a new hybrid model for cybersecurity that integrates core concepts of the classic Nonaka and Takeuchi Knowledge Spiral and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework augmented with emerging artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. The development of a hybrid cybersecurity model combined with proven knowledge management strategies for continual knowledge creation and innovation represents an integrative model designed to address emerging cybersecurity challenges.
Exploring the interplay between AI and human logic in mathematical problem-solving
Authors: Gao Shanzhen , Gao Weizheng , Malomo Olumide , Allagan Julian D. , Eyob Ephrem , Challa Chandrasheker , Su Jianning
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the dynamic interplay between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and human logic in the domain of mathematical problem-solving. By critically examining a series of case studies, we compare the efficacy of AI-generated solutions, particularly those offered by ChatGPT, against traditional human problem-solving methods. The study employs various mathematical challenges, ranging from abstract logical puzzles to applied numerical problems, to evaluate AI's problem-solving approach and alignment with human cognitive processes. Our analysis highlights instances where AI's computational strategies complement or diverge from human reasoning, shedding light on AI's potential and limitations in deciphering mathematical problems. Furthermore, we explore the implications of integrating AI tools in educational contexts, specifically their role in enhancing students' mathematical problem-solving skills. The paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the optimal utilization of AI in education, proposing a balanced approach that leverages AI's computational power while fostering the depth and creativity of human logic. Through this comparative study, we advocate for a collaborative model where AI and human reasoning merge to enrich the educational landscape, particularly in the teaching and learning of mathematics.
Información Tecnológica Para Desarrollar una Campana Extractora de Cocina
Authors: Cohen Rodolfo Saúl , Mantulak Mario José , Miño Valdés Juan Esteban
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener información tecnológica para desarrollar una campana extractora de cocina, en una empresa metalmecánica de Misiones (Argentina). Para conocer la demanda de los clientes, respecto de requerimientos, necesidades y valoración del producto, se aplicó investigación de mercado y herramientas como la Función Calidad de Valor, Agilidad Organizacional, Enfoque Lean Toyota y el Ciclo Deming: planear, hacer, verificar y actuar (PHVA); además de las Normas de Calidad y Ambiental: ISO 9001:2015 e ISO 14001:2015, respectivamente.
Desde el punto de vista cuantitativo y cualitativo, se enumeró y valorizó la calidad de cada parámetro de las demandas del cliente y las características del producto con sus servicios técnicos. Se obtuvo la información tecnológica buscada para el desarrollo de la campana extractora de cocina.
Acid hydrolysis of tripalmitin and triolein. Preliminary thermodynamic study
Authors: Ribeiro Moilton Franco Júnior , Reis Soares Ricardo , Lima de Britto Rayara
Published: December 2024

Hydrolysis reactions can be carried out using triglycerides with different carbon chain sizes, with acetic acid and ethanoic acid being the most common products, in addition to glycerol which would be the common product in any hydrolysis reaction in the production of biodiesel. In the case of Macaúba oil, it is suspected that when undergoing a hydrolysis reaction, as a mixture, the triglycerides, oleic, palmitic and stearic are likely to be the most important reagents and consumption in the reactions.
According to the literature, there is a shortage of information concerning the compounds involved in the hydrolysis of the reactions of vegetable oils, so the availability of experimental data on the molecules involved in the production of the fatty acids and glycerol reactions is scarce in literature. In many studies, methods of group contributions or empirical correlations are used to predict the properties of molecules. Thus, in this work, an initial thermodynamic analysis of the reactions occurring in the hydrolysis of Macaúba oil, especially of tripalmitin and triolein, was performed in a temperature range from 300 to 700 K. The thermodynamic parameters employed in this work, for some compounds, were estimated by methods available in the literature. The calculation of the Gibbs energy of the reactions was done by employing the results of the enthalpy of reactions found in previous works. Finally, from the possession of the set of these parameters, for the possible hydrolysis reactions to be studied, it was possible to estimate the reactionary Gibbs energy of the same, which allowed adding more information in this field of study.
Competitiveness of the manufacturing Sector In Mexico, The United States And Canada 2006-2022: Advantages, Disadvantages And Current Trends
Authors: Arroyo Arroyo Ignacio
Published: December 2024

This research seeks to analyze the competitiveness of the manufacturing sector in Mexico compared to the United States and Canada from 2006 to 2022 in the different industries that make it up to identify the advantages, disadvantages and trends. Official databases were consulted to correlate the information through statistics; specialists in the sector (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, Mexican Institute of Competitiveness, World Bank, Statistics Canada and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics); reports and studies. The most productive sectors for Mexico compared to the United States and Canada are: food, beverages, tobacco, paper, non-metallic products and transport equipment. The least productive: leather and leather, furniture, textiles and automotive. And the stable ones: wood, metal products, machinery and basic metals. The main advantages: Nearshoring, geographical location, logistics and labor. The disadvantages for Mexico are high dependence on the United States, disruption, technology transfer and inflation. And trends: wage increases, sustainability, turning suppliers into partners, new technologies (cloud, 5G and AI), redesigning work and work culture.
El Sector Metalmecánico En El Noroeste Del Gba. Una Mirada Al Desarrollo Local Con Eje En Las Pymes
Authors: Goicoechea María Eugenia , Dzembrowski Nicolás
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo ofrece una caracterización del sector metalmecánico en el noroeste del Gran Buenos Aires, particularmente de los partidos de José C. Paz, San Miguel y Malvinas Argentinas. Tomando como base los enfoques sobre desarrollo local, centramos la atención en la dimensión geográfica del entramado económico y en el empresariado PyME. La investigación incluye relevamientos georreferenciado de unidades económicas, catalogación y análisis desde una dimensión territorial; y también visitas a los establecimientos junto con entrevistas a sus máximos responsables. Con ello, buscamos avanzar en la construcción de conocimiento sobre la organización del trabajo en PyMEs metalmecánicas de la región y sus potencialidades para la articulación en cadenas de valor ponderando las dimensiones no económicas del desarrollo local.
Gestión Por Resultados En Modernización De La Gestión Pública Municipal
Authors: Lozano Ríos Marco Antonio , Delgado Bardales José Manuel
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo de revisión tuvo como objetivo analizar el modelo de gestión por resultados para mejorar la modernización de la gestión pública en municipalidades, siendo de enfoque descriptivo, la técnica la revisión documentaria, el método explicativo e inductivo, habiendo revisado estudios vinculados al tema planteado que tengan la rigurosidad científica y cuya publicación sea reciente; la cual nos demuestran que las características de la gestión por resultados en la gestión municipal, está centrada en el accionar púbico para optimizar procesos que logren la máxima eficacia, eficiencia y efectividad de su accionar para conseguir los objetivos gubernamentales de la mejora del bienestar ciudadano; y las características de la modernización de la gestión pública municipal, está se sustenta en diversos sistemas administrativos vinculados entre sí, y es más bien el factor procedimental y actitudinal de los servidores los que limitan una efectiva implementación. Se concluye que, La gestión por resultados, permitirá brindar servicios de calidad por parte de los organismos públicos del estado, donde la modernización de la gestión pública, permite, hacer mejor uso de los sistemas administrativos, que se ven reflejados en el correcto uso de los recursos públicos donde nuestro principal indicador es la satisfacción de la población.
El Proceso De Construcción Y Aplicación De Un Modelo De Relación Calidad-Innovación
Authors: Reyes Chacón David Arturo , Rivera González Gibrán , Ayala Garay Alma Velia
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo describe la construcción y aplicación de un modelo de relaciones entre las variables calidad e innovación en el contexto de la industria de maquinaria agrícola en México. El modelo permite ponderar el grado de madurez de cada una de las variables, asignando un valor a cada componente y elemento para analizar su relación. Así, se presenta el proceso de construcción en cuatro etapas y su aplicación en una empresa fabricante de maquinaria agrícola ubicada en México. Muestra que la calidad afecta positivamente pero indirectamente a la innovación, a través del fortalecimiento de la variable intermedia de impulso a la innovación. Además, los resultados sugieren que la calidad promueve la innovación incremental más que la innovación radical, al impulsar la innovación racional, en la que las empresas pueden garantizar la viabilidad comercial. Finalmente, se exponen en el trabajo las limitantes del trabajo y se sugiere su validación mediante la aplicación en otras industrias y contextos.
Trade Openness And Economic Growth: An Empirical Approach
Authors: Romero Stéfani Mauro Ignacio
Published: December 2024

Economic growth has beneficial effects on the general well-being of a society. Identifying and analysing its determining factors becomes essential to improve economic policy decisions.
Among these factors, the effects of trade openness are widely debated in the literature.
Although there are many works that study the relationship between trade openness and economic growth, the results are heterogeneous and differ depending on the level of development of the economies, the openness variable considered, among other conditions.
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the existence of a relationship between trade openness and economic growth in a large group of developed and developing countries, considering different openness measures, and thus outline recommendations for economic policies that promote growth. The central hypothesis is that trade openness has a different effect on the economic growth rate depending on the degree of development of the economies and the openness variable analysed. To meet the objective, parametric estimates were used for the period 1960-2019, and alternative measures of openness were constructed to the conventional indicator defined as the sum of exports and imports in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP). The results obtained in this work differ depending on the level of development of the countries analysed and the openness measures used.
ПРОЯВ ДЕРМАТИТІВ У КОТІВ ЗАЛЕЖНО ВІД ПОРОДИ ТА ВІКУ
Authors: Бойко Ю. , Брошков М. , Чілік М.
Published: December 2024

Було проведено аналіз амбулаторних журналів прийому котів в ветеринарній клініці м. Одеса. Для аналізу підбирали тварин, у яких під час первинного клінічного огляду були встановлені клінічні ознаки дерматиту. Такий аналіз провели протягом трьох років, а саме 2021-2023. Тварин розділяли залежно від віку: до 2-х років; від 2-х до 6-ти років та старші, за 6 років. Також диференціювання котів проводилося залежно від породи. Проведений аналіз результатів щодо поширення дерматитів у котів залежно від віку показав, що у віці до 2-х років кількість таких тварин була найменшою. В середньому протягом трьох років дерматити в котів у віці від 2-х до 6-ти років встановлені на рівні 43%. Аналіз даних щодо поширення дерматитів у котів, старших за 6 років показав, що в 2021 році кількість таких тварин становила 86, що відповідало 43%. Наступні два роки дослідження показали, що відносна кількість котів з дерматитами у віці, більше за 6 років, становила 32%.
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ЛІКУВАЛЬНИХ ЗАХОДІВ ЗА ЗЛОЯКІСНИХ НЕОПЛАЗІЙ МОЛОЧНОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ У КІШОК
Authors: Білий Д. , Гергаулов М.
Published: December 2024

Актуальність проблеми лікування кішок за злоякісних неоплазій молочної залози повʼязана із значним поширенням новоутворень; абсолютною перевагою їх злоякісних типів, які характеризуються високою агресивністю; недостатньою ефективністю лікування. Адʼювантна хіміотерапія доцетакселом і циклофосфамідом дозволила знизити ризик прогресування захворювання в 1,5 рази, її поєднання із мелоксиветом – в 2,2 рази. Доповнення хіміотерапевтичного протоколу інгібіторіом циклооксигенази-2 знижувало ймовірність появи рецидивів в товщі ранового рубця та поряд розташованих тканинах в 2,1 раза, віддалених мʼяких тканинах – в 3,1 раза, легені – 1,3 раза. Включення до хіміотерапевтичного протоколу лікування кішок із злоякісними пухлинами молочної залози нестероїдного протизапального засобу мелоксивет забезпечувало більш швидке динамічне зниження запальної реакції, що підтверджувалось скороченням термінів відновлення таких гемостазіологічних показників, як тривалість активованого часткового тромбопластинового часу, протромбічного індексу, міжнародного нормалізованого відношення, а також вмісту фібриногену і концентрації тромбоцитів.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ФАРМАКОТЕРАПІЇ ГЕМОРАГІЧНОГО ЦИСТИТУ У КОТІВ
Authors: Франчук-Крива Л. , Крєцу Р.
Published: December 2024

Встановлено, що за доповнення лікування геморагічного циститу у котів препаратами «Уровет фітокомплекс» і «Транексам 250 мг» нормалізація вмісту білку у сечі і клінічного стану спостерігається на 7 добу лікування. Припинення еритроцитурії і лейкоцитурії відбувається удвічі швидше, ніж без застосування вказаних препаратів.
ДІЯ ДЕЗІНФЕКЦІЙНОГО ЗАСОБУ «САНДЕЗВЕТ» НА КУРЯЧОГО ЧЕРВОНОГО КЛІЩА
Authors: Наливайко Л. , Бойко В. , Івлева О. , Родіонова К. , Рябініна О.
Published: December 2024

У статті наведені рекогносцировочні дані щодо дії удосконаленого деззасобу «Сандезвет» на курячого червоного кліща (Dermanyssus gallinae). Встановлено акарицидну дію 5 % розчину деззасобу протягом 1,5 години, 2,5 % розчину – протягом 4 годин. На підставі отриманих результатів, статистично вірогідної різниці між середніми значеннями досліджених показників птиці дослідних та контрольної груп не встановлено, що свідчить про відсутність негативного впливу дезінфектанту «Сандезвет» на організм птиці і можливість його застосування у галузі птахівництва з метою обробки курей проти кліщів.
RED-EARED TURTLE - A PET OR A SOURCE OF DISEASE?
Authors: Bondarenko I. , Koreneva Zh. , Volevsky L. , Kostko P.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the specifics of keeping Trachemys scripta elegans (Reptilia, Testudines). The morphometric features of the carapace measurements of males and females were studied, and the main morphological differences of the mosaic of carapace scutes of the red-eared turtle in Odessa were analyzed. It was found that the morpho-atomic features and the percentage of the studied reptiles that had external morphological signs of common diseases indicate a good adaptation of Trachemys scripta elegans (Reptilia, Testudines) to the ecological conditions of Odesa. The morphometric features of Trachemys scripta elegans, Odesa, correspond to the general species data, and the presence of a carapace with an asymmetric mosaic of scutes is a rare phenomenon.
Advancing Alzheimer’s Diagnosis: A Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Architectures on Multidimensional Health Data
Authors: Airlangga Gregorius
Published: December 2024

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a leading cause of disability among the elderly, with its prevalence projected to triple by 2050. Early detection remains critical for effective disease management, yet traditional diagnostic methods are often time-intensive and subjective. This study investigates the effectiveness of three machine learning architectures: Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in detecting Alzheimer’s Disease using a multidimensional dataset comprising demographic, lifestyle, medical, cognitive, and functional data from 2,149 patients. Each model was evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation, with performance metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The CNN model demonstrated superior performance, achieving an average accuracy of 88.65%, surpassing both the MLP (84.41%) and LSTM (75.57%) models. These results highlight CNNs’ capability to effectively extract spatial patterns in health data, making them a promising tool for Alzheimer’s diagnosis. In contrast, LSTM underperformed due to the lack of temporal relationships in the dataset. This study underscores the importance of aligning model architecture with dataset characteristics and provides a foundation for integrating machine learning into clinical workflows. Future work will focus on hybrid architectures and real-world validation to enhance diagnostic accuracy and scalability.
Technology Acceptance Model to Measure Perception Use of Electronic Nursing Documentation
Authors: Zakiyah Ana
Published: December 2024

Electronic Nursing Documentation (END) use in hospitals has increased along with the development of technology. Hence, nursing education needs to synergize to adopt the use of END. However, preceptors have varying perceptions regarding their application in nursing clinical practice. The study aims to determine the preceptor's perception of using END based on the Acceptance Model (TAM) Technology. In the descriptive research design, the population is clinical preceptors in hospitals, and purposive sampling was used to obtain a total of 90 samples. The research instruments used Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU). The analysis uses frequency distribution. The study's results on the PU variable obtained the perception of the preceptor about the use of END in all indicators, generally in the high category of more than 90%. In the PEOU variable, most clinical preceptors had a moderate perception of the clarity indicator 71 (78.9%), and a high perception of the flexibility of use indicator as much as 69 (76.7%). A positive perception of technology can be formed if users find the technology practical and easy to use.
The Level of Teacher Readiness in Mainstream Schools in Handling The Teaching and Learning Process for Students with Dysgraphia and Dyscalculia
Authors: Ahmad Hishamuddin , Mohd Lukman Muhammad Lutfil Hadi , Mohd Amin Nor Jilawati , Ahmad Hairi Alif Hazree , Norazali NurFilzah Hakimah
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of readiness of teachers in primary schools (mainstream) in handling the teaching and learning (T&L) process for students with dysgraphia and dyscalculia. This study uses a quantitative method and is supported by data through interviews involving 81 respondents consisting of teachers of Science and Mathematics subjects from 42 primary schools (mainstream) around the states of Selangor and Perak. Three people from the same respondents were also randomly selected to obtain study information through online interviews. The results of the study found that teachers have a moderate level of readiness (57.03%) in dealing with students with dysgraphia and dyscalculia, especially in determining effective and efficient learning techniques in the T&L process. Even so, teachers are actually trying to be professional by choosing to diversify PdP methods when it is necessary to involve students with learning problems, especially dysgraphia and dyscalculia in mainstream classes. The findings of this study will be an additional piece of information for stakeholders to know the level of readiness of teachers in primary schools (mainstream) in handling the T&L process for students with dysgraphia and dyscalculia in addition to being able to make plans so that students with learning problems have optimal access to a quality educational environment.
Need Analysis for Development of Technology-Based Pedagogical Module for 3D Geometry: A Case Study in Malaysia
Authors: Ali Rosnanie , Yahya Faridah Hanim , Abu Bakar Noor Insyiraah , Ma'arof Zainonie , Abdussakir Abdussakir
Published: December 2024

The poor achievement of students in Mathematics, especially in 3D Geometry is due to their low Visual Spatial Skills. Relative research shows that a variety of teaching methods including hands-on activities with the application of technology can help to improve Visual Spatial Skills. Therefore, teachers need complete guidelines of suitable activities and technologies to be applied in their teachings. The purpose of this study is to identify the need for the development of a technology-based 3D Geometry pedagogical module to improve students' skills based on teachers' perceptions. This study applied a review method and used a questionnaire as the study instrument. The study sample consisted of 74 secondary school Mathematics teachers serving in Sarawak. In addition, the results show that there is a significant difference in performance expectancy and effort expectancy between teachers who served less than 15 years and more than 15 years. The mean score for these two of expectancies also shows a very high interpretation. Therefore, a teaching module for 3D should be designed to increase students’ performance in Geometry.
The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning on Form Two Students’ Academic Performance in Balanced Diet Subtopic
Authors: Tang Agnes Siew Yiing
Published: December 2024

Traditional teaching methods in science education are increasingly recognised as ineffective, often hindering students' understanding of concepts. While Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is acknowledged for its efficacy in fostering problem-solving skills, its adoption in Malaysian secondary schools remains nascent. This study investigates the impact of PBL on Form Two students' academic performance in the "Balanced Diet" subtopic, addressing challenges posed by traditional methods and the perception of science as daunting and unengaging. Employing a quasi-experimental design with a quantitative approach, the study involved 30 Form Two students from SMJK Shan Tao, divided into experimental (PBL) and control (traditional methods) groups. Pre-test and post-test assessments, comprising 15 multiple-choice questions, were conducted to evaluate academic performance. Analysis using independent-sample t-tests in SPSS version 29.0 indicated no significant difference in pre-test scores between groups (t(30)= -1.486, p>.05), but significant post-test improvement in the experimental group (t(30)= -6.570, p<.05). These findings suggest that PBL effectively enhances academic performance in the "Balanced Diet" subtopic, supporting its integration in science education to promote critical thinking and engagement. Further research should explore PBL's long-term effects across diverse subjects with larger sample sizes for broader applicability.
Content analysis of Fraction Topics in Mathematics Textbook Year 2 According to Taksonomi Bloom
Authors: Kim Ting Siew , Rosli Roslinda
Published: December 2024

The textbook is a reference guide for teachers and students in the implementation of the curriculum set by the Malaysian Ministry of Education. Textbooks influence the teaching and learning activities of teachers and student educators. Fractional topics show development in emphasizing the cognitive domain and students' thinking skills. Therefore, this study identifies the difference of fraction topics in year 2 mathematics textbooks between National Primary Schools (SK) and Chinese Type National Primary Schools (SJKC) from the aspect of activities and exercise based on the cognitive level of Bloom's Taxonomy. This study uses content analysis in terms of the type of exercise and level of thinking. The results show that most of the mathematical exercises in both textbooks are in the domain of understanding and applying. The percentages and bar charts show that there is no significant difference between SK and SJKC Mathematics textbooks in cognitive aspect. Although the curriculum applied at schools are the same, efforts in improving textbooks need to be continued and increased according to current needs so that there is no gap in textbook content.
Analysis of Form Two Mathematics Textbook Content for Functional Graph Topic using the Praxeology Method
Authors: Shahrul Qamarina Dayana , Nasir Nurihan , Suryadi Didi
Published: December 2024

The use of the praxeology method is very important in knowing the delivery of the content contained in the textbook. However, there is still a lack of research on content analysis in Form Two Functional Graph Topic using the praxeology method. This study aims to analyze the Form Two Mathematics Textbook content for the topic of Functional Graph based on the praxeology method. Data collection was done by content analysis by categorizing the set of praxis (practical) blocks consisting of assignment types (T) and techniques (τ) as well as logos (knowledge) blocks consisting of technology (θ) and theory (Θ). The findings of the study show that there are 18 types of assignments (T), 13 techniques (τ), 10 technologies (θ), and eight theories (Θ) contained in the topic. This study found that six types of assignments (T) did not complete the categories in the prexeology method, one type of assignment (T) did not have technique (τ), one type of assignment (T) did not have theory (Θ) and four types of assignment (T) did not have all three categories of prexeology, namely technique (τ), technology (θ) and theory (Θ). Therefore, based on this study, if the assignment does not complete the praxeology category, it affects the knowledge gained by students in completing the assignment on the topic of Functional Graphs, in addition to facing the limitations of comprehensive knowledge. This research can guide interested institutions in formulating improvements to the content in the mathematics textbook for the topic of Form Two Functional Graph to improve students' understanding of the topic of Functional Graph. Keywords: praxis block set (practical), logos block set (knowledge), Functional Graph topic, praxeology method.
Inflammatory Response in Stroke: A Comparative Leukocyte Analysis in Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke Patients at a Single Center in Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Ardi Mardani  , Ika Erna Uly Sirait  , Tiara Monica  , Valentin Widry Enggal
Published: December 2024

Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. This study aimed to compare total leukocyte counts (TLC) in hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients to assess the inflammatory response and its potential implications for clinical outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 74 stroke patients admitted to Abdul Manap Regional Hospital, Jambi, Indonesia, between January 2023 and December 2023. Patients were categorized into hemorrhagic (intracerebral hemorrhage) and ischemic stroke groups based on neuroimaging findings (CT scan or MRI). Demographic data, stroke severity (NIHSS score), and TLC obtained within 24 hours of admission were recorded. Independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The study included 38 ischemic and 36 hemorrhagic stroke patients. The mean TLC was significantly higher in the hemorrhagic stroke group (11.4 ± 3.5 x10^9/L) compared to the ischemic stroke group (9.5 ± 2.8 x10^9/L) (p = 0.021). No significant correlation was found between TLC and stroke severity (NIHSS score) in either group.
Conclusion: Hemorrhagic stroke patients exhibited a more pronounced early inflammatory response as evidenced by elevated TLC compared to ischemic stroke patients. Further research is needed to explore the prognostic value of TLC and the potential role of anti-inflammatory therapies in stroke management.
Knowledge of Kidney Health and its Effect on Kidney Health Practices among Christians of Magumu Catholic Church, Nyandarua County - Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Karanja Fredrick , Namulema Jackline , Aroko Arthur , Lukorito Lily , Owuor Herman Peter
Published: December 2024

Kidney disease affects various parts of the kidneys, rendering them unable to filter blood off wastes and toxins. Approximately 700 million people suffer from kidney disease, with the highest burden occurring in impoverished, vulnerable and marginalized communities in low- and middle-income countries. Several factors including age, sex, occupation, religion, level of education and knowledge of kidney health and disease predispose individuals to kidney disease. This cross-sectional study was carried out among Christians of Magumu Catholic Church; Nyandarua       County in Kenya to a) determine the extent of knowledge on kidney health and disease and its determinants, b) establish the practices towards kidney health and disease and c) investigate if there is a correlation between the level of knowledge on kidney health and disease and kidney health practices.  Results of the study show that 341(89.2%) of the participants knew about kidney function, 270(79.2) knew about kidney location in the body and 228(63.9%) could list at least one correct sign or symptom of kidney disease, with having a swollen body being mentioned the most 172(32.0%). The majority of the participants had below-average knowledge 242(64.3%) of the signs and symptoms of kidney disease. Of the 341 participants who knew about kidney disease (92.3%) correctly listed at least one of its causes, with drug and alcohol abuse 160(50.9) and excessive salt intake and poor diet 84(26.8) being the most listed. Hypertension 189(57.6%), diabetes 103(31.4%) and obesity 36(11.0%) were listed as predisposing conditions to kidney disease. 205(62.1%) knew that kidney disease could run in families. Being male [(AOR=0.54, 95% CI [0.32-0.93], P=0.025)], having a tertiary education [(AOR= 2.96, 95% CI [1.25-6.98], P=0.013)] and age ≥27 years promoted good knowledge of kidney health and disease. For the kidney health practices, 193(50.5%) added raw salt to their food, 7.2% were actively smoking, 15.8% were taking alcohol, 52.3% used herbal medicine, 42(11.1%) took 8 glasses of water daily and 342(89.6%) were involved in physical exercise. Being male [(AOR=0.47, 95% CI [0.28-0.79], p=0.016)], having secondary or tertiary education [AOR=0.56(0.31-1.43) and [AOR=0.48(0.14-0.97)] respectively and being a student [AOR=0.36(0.24-1.04)] hindered engagement in practices that promote kidney health whereas being more than 58 years greatly promoted it. Finally, having average or above-average knowledge of good KHP promotes good KHPs. We conclude that in addition to other factors, health literacy, but not the level of education promotes good KHPs and that educating the masses about signs and symptoms of KD and good KHPs could be a game changer in achieving the set targets towards the prevention and early detection of KD
Curative immunotherapy-based strategies for non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kuhlman Justin J. , Li Shenduo , Manochakian Rami , Lou Yanyan , Zhao Yujie
Published: December 2024

The emergence of immunotherapy has ushered in a new era in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Various immune check point inhibitors have demonstrated significant benefit in the management of locally advanced NSCLC that are treated with either surgery or concurrent chemoradiation. We provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review of data from key studies, discuss the challenging clinical issue regarding the timing and duration of immunotherapy in patients undergoing surgery, and highlight the unmet needs and future directions of immunotherapy in NSCLC.
Extraction and separation of tea polyphenols and caffeine from tea leaves by mechanochemical pretreatment
Authors:   Hangzhou Wanxiang Polytechnic, Yang Dongmei , Tao Chunmiao ,   Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhu Xingyi ,   Zhejiang University of Technology
Published: December 2024

Mechanochemical pretreatment (MCPT) was applied to the extraction and separation of tea polyphenols (TP) and caffeine from tea leaves. Tea leaves were treated by mechanical activation with presence of Na2CO3(MC) for 75 s. One gram of obtained powder was taken for extraction and separation to obtain the sample of MC (A) fraction and MC (B) fraction. According to caffeine and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (a representative component of TP) yields in the sample, the optimum MCPT extraction conditions were as follows: 15% (w/w) Na2CO3during milling, extracting caffeine with 40 mL75% (v/v) ethanol and EGCG with 40 ml water at room temperature. Under these conditions, the caffeine EGCG yield in MC (A) fraction was 0.51 mg/g, and the EGCG yield in MC (B) fraction was 1.32 mg/g, with EGCG/caffeine ratio of 2.38. Compared with extraction with mechanical activation without presence of Na2CO3 (M) and traditional extraction with no mechanical activation (CON), the MC extraction had obvious advantages. In conclusion, the MCPT is an effective method for the extraction and separation of TP and caffeine from tea leaves.
Beyond Monopoly: Enhancing SME Branding Knowledge through Board Game Experiences
Authors: Anggrianto Christian , Sidharta Helena
Published: December 2024

In the era of rapid technological advancements and ever-changing consumer behaviors, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face the challenge of keeping up with the complexities of branding in the competitive market landscape. This study delves into the innovative use of board games as an educational tool to enhance SMEs' understanding of branding concepts, mainly targeting entrepreneurs with limited formal education. Drawing on experiential learning and gamification principles, the research investigates the impact of board games designed specifically for SMEs. These games, tailored to address businesses’ unique challenges with limited educational resources, provide entrepreneurs with a dynamic and interactive platform to explore branding strategies, brand identity development, and customer engagement techniques. Through workshops and in-depth case studies, the research assesses the effectiveness of board games in facilitating active learning and knowledge retention among SME owners and managers. Preliminary findings reveal that the immersive and engaging nature simplifies complex branding concepts and fosters a collaborative learning environment, enabling participants to experiment with diverse strategies in a risk-free setting. This research advocates integrating gamified learning strategies into formal and informal SME training programs. The findings underscore the potential of innovative, interactive methods in democratizing access to branding knowledge and nurturing the growth of SMEs in competitive markets. By bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, board games emerge as a promising instrument for enhancing the branding capabilities of SMEs, thereby promoting their sustainable growth and competitiveness in the market.
Technology and Art Practices of Thermoplastic Weaving in Nigerian Correctional Centres for Sus-tainable Development
Authors: Adeleke Mohammed Isiaka
Published: December 2024

The general principle of existing society is sustainability and art practices remain the only tool for transforming an individual for sustainable development. This article presents a study of art prac-tices in Nigeria correctional centers, Oyo state. The study was conducted with the aim of providing a preliminary typology of thermoplastic yarns weaving. Based on the field research conducted in the federal correctional center of Oyo state, the study used 180 thermoplastic weaving samples available in the centers. The study revealed that majority of thermoplastic wastes are now used for the practices of weaving in the centers and government should endeavor to give more attention to the art practice in Nigeria correctional centers for sustainability development.
Investigation of the Effect of Copper Nanoparticle Deposition on Low-Carbon Steel using Physical Vapor Deposition for Solar Cooling Application
Authors: Mohd Anas Mohd Sabri  , Mohamed Sadeq Jaffer Albaaj  , Meor Iqram Meor Ahmad  , Wan Aizon Wan Ghopa  , Siddig A. Omer
Published: December 2024

The use of nanomaterials in solar cooling applications has gained significant attention in recent years. This study aimed to increase thermal conductivity by depositing copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) on low-carbon steel using thermal evaporation and a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Low-carbon steel was selected as the substrate due to its wide use in thermal applications and strong absorption properties. The presence of Cu-NP on the surface was analysed using XRD and thermal characteristics of the thin layer were determined using Thermal Constant Analyzer (TCA) and Transient Plane Source (TPS) measurements. Results showed that the copper nanoparticle coating sample on the carbon steel substrate had better heat emission and absorption compared to the carbon steel alone. It also shows some improvement of around 1% in the thermal conductivity results. This study demonstrates the potential of using Cu-NP deposited on low-carbon steel as a promising material for solar thermal/cooling applications.