bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Ancient Respiratory System in the Widespread Sedimentary Archaea Thermoprofundales
Authors: Zhang Xinxu , Huang Yuhan , Liu Yang , Xu Wei , Pan Jie , Zheng Xiaowei , Du Huan , Zhang Cuijing , Lu Zhongyi , Zou Dayu , Liu Zongbao , Cai Mingwei , Xiong Jinbo , Zhu Yaxin , Dong Zhiyang , Jiang Hongchen , Dong Hailiang , Jiang Juquan , Luo Zhuhua , Huang Li , Li Meng
Published: September 2022

Thermoprofundales, formerly Marine Benthic Group D (MBG-D), is a ubiquitous archaeal lineage found in sedimentary environments worldwide. However, its taxonomic classification, metabolic pathways, and evolutionary history are largely unexplored because of its uncultivability and limited number of sequenced genomes. In this study, phylogenomic analysis and average amino acid identity values of a collection of 146 Thermoprofundales genomes revealed five Thermoprofundales subgroups (A–E) with distinct habitat preferences. Most of the microorganisms from Subgroups B and D were thermophiles inhabiting hydrothermal vents and hot spring sediments, whereas those from Subgroup E were adapted to surface environments where sunlight is available. H2 production may be featured in Thermoprofundales as evidenced by a gene cluster encoding the ancient membrane-bound hydrogenase (MBH) complex. Interestingly, a unique structure separating the MBH gene cluster into two modular units was observed exclusively in the genomes of Subgroup E, which included a peripheral arm encoding the [NiFe] hydrogenase domain and a membrane arm encoding the Na+/H+ antiporter domain. These two modular structures were confirmed to function independently by detecting the H2-evolving activity in vitro and salt tolerance to 0.2 M NaCl in vivo, respectively. The peripheral arm of Subgroup E resembles the proposed common ancestral respiratory complex of modern respiratory systems, which plays a key role in the early evolution of life. In addition, molecular dating analysis revealed that Thermoprofundales is an early emerging archaeal lineage among the extant MBH-containing microorganisms, indicating new insights into the evolution of this ubiquitous archaea lineage.
The Decalogue in Deuteronomy
Authors: Markl Dominik
Published: September 2022

The Decalogue’s iconic status within its history of reception, especially in the modern era, has made it a focal point of scholarly discussion. Its transmission in both Exodus 20 and Deuteronomy 5, as well as its relation to comparative material in the Pentateuch’s legal texts, has provided an ample field of inquiry for modern historical criticism. One of the main areas that has preoccupied scholars is the quest for its origin, which is the first focus in this chapter. The chapter then turns to some of the issues that specifically concern the Decalogue’s role within Deuteronomy, where it features as a portable monument to the covenant at Horeb. The prohibition against venerating “other gods” is unfolded in Deuteronomy 6-11, and several scholars have discussed the Decalogue’s relationship with the book’s collection of laws. In the late written chapter Deuteronomy 4, the Decalogue’s prohibition of images arrives at its theological culmination in the profession of monotheism. Moses’s prophecy that breaking the prohibition of idolatry would lead to exile invites reflection on the symbolism of the breaking and renewal of the stone tablets in Deuteronomistic historiography.
Writing Tourism
Authors: Butler Rebecca
Published: September 2022

The written representation of tourism, as a distinct category of travel, spans from the late eighteenth century to the present day. The performance of tourism typically entails its rejection in writing; standard tour books deploy spatial and temporal reorientations to renounce the touristic, self-authorizing strategies that are underpinned by social, racial, and gender prejudices. However, by incorporating lesser-known accounts of Victorian package tourists in manuscript diaries and periodicals, a more pluralistic history of writing tourism emerges that includes the renegotiation of touristic stereotypes and rewriting of established tropes. Moving forward to the twentieth century, a post-touristic textual landscape of satirical travel novels and footsteps travel writing is surveyed before focusing on the role of social media infrastructures in the recalibration of touristic textual authority in the twenty-first century. Through this potted history, this chapter raises broader questions about the role of the literary medium in touristic representations.
Travel Guides
Authors: Schaff Barbara
Published: September 2022

Travel guides entered the book market in the context of the increased mobility of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. In Europe, John Murray and Karl Baedeker established a format that would dominate the guidebook trade for more than a century: emphasizing factual information, objectivity, and comprehensive knowledge, their travel guides shaped the ways in which an educated middle-class readership experienced foreign countries. In the twentieth century, as the tendency for privileged travel began to recede, the guidebook industry adapted itself to the needs of more socially diverse groups and mass tourism. In due course, it came to favor more and more the personal, sensory encounter with cultural alterity as an antidote to a homogenizing mass culture. In the present age, print media and digital forms of travel information go hand in hand, digital guides often relying on interactive readerly participation.
Authoritarian Tourism
Authors: Baranowski Shelley
Published: September 2022

Authoritarian tourism emerged in the interwar period as an expression of systemic competition between the liberal democracies of the West and the fascist and Soviet dictatorships. Despite their differences, Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and the Soviet Union saw tourism as testimony to their ability to increase productivity, deliver social benefits, and offer a higher standard of living. In the post–World War II period, the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact nations continued to support tourism for the same reasons, but their inability to satisfy tourist expectations contributed to the collapse of the Soviet bloc. Yet since 1990 the People’s Republic of China and other authoritarian regimes, consistent with their acceptance of neoliberal capitalism, have succeeded in marketing tourism for their citizens and foreign visitors.
Youth Tourism
Authors: Jobs Richard Ivan
Published: September 2022

During the twentieth century, youth tourism emerged as a vital component of the global tourism industry. Closely connected to more general youth leisure practices, there has been an ongoing tension between youth tourism organized and directed by adults, on the one hand, and independent youth travel and tourism on the other. This is in keeping with the emergence of youth as a life-stage and age category that has historically been associated with the transition from dependence to autonomy. Such tourism often becomes a rite of passage, marking the transition from youth to adult, thus helping to define the distinct parameters of youth and youth culture.
Tourism and Landscape
Authors: Noack Christian
Published: September 2022

“Embodied” tourist practices, that is, the active movement of walkers, hikers, and mountaineers through space, created a new sensitivity for nature and landscape when spreading in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, during the period of European romanticism. As the examples of the Rhine Valley and Switzerland illustrate, the practice of pedestrian exploration of marginal spaces created particularly powerful imageries of landscapes, inviting individuals to either reenact similar experiences in the same environment or to engage with it during their own explorations elsewhere. The spread of tourism in the northern hemisphere, the practice of both individual and collective hiking and the imaginary of landscapes they produced were instrumental in projecting a nation onto the natural environment and in carving out national territories and identities throughout the course of the nineteenth century.
Hotels and Tourism
Authors: James Kevin J.
Published: September 2022

Although commercial accommodation can claim a very long pedigree, the hotel as an institution is often distinguished from previous types of lodging in terms of its built form and its symbolisms. Hotels have historically been sites of technological innovation, intercultural encounters, and cultures of sociability shaped by distinctive spatial regimes. Hotels are also sights—places of wonder, pilgrimage, and celebrity. Although historians, sociologists, playwrights, and authors have long engaged with microspaces of the Western hotel, and the landscapes in which it is situated, there remain many other comparatively unexplored dimensions of hotel history, and places such as the Global South, which demand closer attention.
Natural variation and artificial selection at the BnaC2.MYB28 locus modulate Brassica napus seed glucosinolate
Authors: Zhou Xianming , Zhang Haiyan , Xie Zhaoqi , Liu Ying , Wang Pengfei , Dai Lihong , Zhang Xiaohui , Wang Zhaoyang , Wang Zhuanrong , Wan Lili , Yang Guangsheng , Hong Dengfeng
Published: September 2022

The degradation products of glucosinolates (GSLs) greatly lower the nutritional value of rapeseed (Brassica napus) meal; thus, reduction of seed GSL content (SGC) has become an important objective of rapeseed breeding. In our previous study, we finely mapped a major QTL (qGSL-C2) for SGC to a 49-kb collinear region on B. rapa chromosome A2. Here, we experimentally validated that BnaC2.MYB28, encoding an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, is the causal gene of qGSL-C2. BnaC2.MYB28 is a nucleus-localized protein mainly expressed in vegetative tissues. Knockout of BnaC2.MYB28 in the high-SGC parent G120 reduced SGC to a value lower than that in the low-SGC parent ZY50, while overexpression of BnaC2.MYB28 in both parental lines (G120 and ZY50) led to extremely high SGC, indicating that BnaC2.MYB28 acts as a positive regulator of SGC in both parents. Molecular characterization revealed that BnaC2.MYB28 forms a homodimer and specifically interacts with BnaMYC3. Moreover, BnaC2.MYB28 can directly activate the expression of GSL biosynthesis genes. Differential expression abundance resulting from the polymorphic promoter sequences, in combination with the different capability in activating downstream genes involved in aliphatic GSL biosynthesis, caused the functional divergence of BnaC2.MYB28 in SGC regulation between the parents. Natural variation of BnaC2.MYB28 was highly associated with SGC in natural germplasm and has undergone artificial selection in modern low-GSL breeding. This study provides important insights into the core function of BnaC2.MYB28 in regulating SGC and a promising strategy for manipulating SGC in rapeseed.
Long-term and short-term preservation strategies for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine products: state of the art and emerging trends
Authors: Freitas-Ribeiro Sara , Reis Rui L , Pirraco Rogério P
Published: September 2022

There is an ever-growing need of human tissues and organs for transplantation. However, the availability of such tissues and organs is insufficient by a large margin, which is a huge medical and societal problem. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) represent potential solutions to this issue and have therefore been attracting increased interest from researchers and clinicians alike. But the successful large-scale clinical deployment of TERM products critically depends on the development of efficient preservation methodologies. The existing preservation approaches such as slow freezing, vitrification, dry state preservation, and hypothermic and normothermic storage all have issues that somehow limit the biomedical applications of TERM products. In this review, the principles and application of these approaches will be summarized, highlighting their advantages and limitations in the context of TERM products preservation.
Instanton effects on electromagnetic transitions of charmonia
Authors: Hong Ki-Hoon , Kim Hyun-Chul , Yakhshiev Ulugbek
Published: September 2022

We investigate the mass spectrum and electromagnetic transitions of charmonia, emphasizing the instanton effects on them. The heavy-quark potential consists of a Coulomb-like potential from one-gluon exchange and a linear confining potential. We introduce the nonperturbative heavy-quark potential derived from the instanton vacuum. We also consider the screened confining potential, which better describes the electromagnetic decays of higher excited states. Using this improved heavy-quark potential, we compute the mass spectrum and electromagnetic decays of charmonia. Focusing on the instanton effects, we discuss the results compared with the experimental data and those from other works. The instanton effects are marginal on the electromagnetic decays of charmonia.
Valuations of diversity: the role of marquee quotas in creative industries
Authors: de Laat Kim , Stuart Alanna
Published: September 2022

This article examines how creative industry workers engage with diversity, absent a formal organizational mandate to do so. Through in-depth interviews with independent music industry personnel (N = 50), the article identifies how marquee quotas—racially diverse representation on rosters and festival bills—are used to pursue and implement diversity. Such quotas are justified via four distinct valuations of diversity: aesthetic, economic, reputational and moral. Both people of colour and white participants justify the importance of diversity on moralistic grounds. By contrast, white participants more often justify the value of diversity by making claims about the aesthetic, economic and reputational benefits of marquee quotas. The deployment of these more self-serving valuations has consequences for the extent to which people of colour can feel authentically included. The analysis contributes to critiques of the socio-economic role and consequences of diversity valuations, within the context of a creative industry.
Impact of a Nurse-Driven Patient Empowerment Intervention on the Reduction in Patients’ Anxiety and Depression During ICU Discharge: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cuzco Cecilia , Castro Pedro , Marín Pérez Raquel , Ruiz García Samuel , Núñez Delgado Ana I. , Romero García Marta , Martínez Momblan M. Antonia , Benito Aracil Llucia , Carmona Delgado Inmaculada , Canalias Reverter Montse , Nicolás José M. , Martínez Estalella Gemma , Delgado-Hito Pilar
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the impact of a nurse-driven patient empowerment intervention on anxiety and depression of patients during ICU discharge.

DESIGN:

A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial.

SETTING:

Three ICUs (1 medical, 1 medical and surgical, and 1 coronary) of three tertiary hospitals.

PATIENTS:

Adults admitted to the ICU greater than 18 years old for greater than or equal to 48 hours with preserved consciousness, the ability to communicate and without delirium, who were randomized to receive the nurse-driven patient empowerment intervention (NEI) (intervention group [IG] or standard of care [control group (CG)]) before ICU discharge.

INTERVENTION:

The NEI consisted of an individualized intervention with written information booklets, combined with verbal information, mainly about the ICU process and transition to the ward, aimed at empowering patients in the transition process from the ICU to the general ward.

MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:

Patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale before and after (up to 1 wk) ICU discharge. IG (n = 91) and CG (n = 87) patients had similar baseline characteristics. The NEI was associated with a significant reduction in anxiety and depression (p < 0.001) and the presence of depression (p = 0.006). Patients with comorbidities and those without family or friends had greater reductions in anxiety and depression after the NEI. After the intervention, women and persons with higher education levels had lower negative outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:

We found that a NEI before ICU discharge can decrease anxiety and depression in critically ill survivors. The long-term effect of this intervention should be assessed in future trials.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:

NCT04527627 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04527627).
New vector and vaccine platforms: mRNA, DNA, viral vectors
Authors: Hanke Tomáš
Published: September 2022

Purpose of review

The purpose of this review is to share the excitement of new developments in the field of vaccine vector modalities against infectious diseases. The focus is on HIV-1/AIDS with reference to the most successful as well as currently tested COVID-19 vaccines, and human trials, which best inform iterative vaccine improvements.

Recent findings

Several genetic subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 demonstrated protection against severe disease, obtained Emergency Use Authorization and scaled their production to billions of doses. Many more are in efficacy evaluation. In contrast, development of HIV-1 vaccines has been extremely difficult. Perseverance of scientists is deepening our understanding of what constitutes immunity against HIV-1 infection and how to achieve protective levels of relevant responses by active immunization, passive administration or a combination of both. Novel platforms led by RNA play a pivotal role. However, a difficult virus may require a complex approach. Proof of concept for HIV-1 prevention and cure might be at reach, and when it arrives, it will be a great and needed encouragement to the field.

Despite the enormous success of drug treatment, vaccines remain the best solution and likely a necessary component of any package that truly ends the AIDS epidemic.
Dual Innervation in Anterolateral Thigh (ALT) Phalloplasty: Consider the Femoral Perforating Nerves
Authors: Aryanpour Zain , Skelton Hales , Shepard Elizabeth , Peters Blair R.
Published: September 2022

Background:

Sensation following anterolateral thigh (ALT) phalloplasty is traditionally viewed as inferior to sensation following radial forearm phalloplasty, potentially due to fewer nerve coaptations performed. Neural anatomy of the ALT is well described, with branches of the femoral nerve innervating the medial flap. The purpose of this article is to draw attention to these nerves as a potential source of additional coaptation in ALT phalloplasty allowing for dual flap innervation.

Methods:

A PRISMA literature review was conducted to assess nerve coaptations used in ALT phalloplasty. Anatomic location and territory of the nerves of the thigh in ALT phalloplasty cases are reviewed.

Results:

Seventeen articles discuss ALT phalloplasty innervation, and 16 mention the use of only one nerve coaptation with the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. In our experience performing ALT phalloplasty, perforating branch(es) of the femoral nerve are the first nerve(s) encountered on the medial border of the ALT flap lying on the fascia over the sartorius. With a flap design where the urethra is based laterally, the femoral perforating nerves can innervate a significant portion of the phallic shaft (medial flap), where sensation is most desired.

Conclusions:

It is common practice to perform only one nerve coaptation in ALT phalloplasty with the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. However, perforating branches of the femoral nerve consistently innervate medial skin of the ALT. The authors propose that the femoral perforating nerves, when present, can be used as additional nerves for coaptation in ALT phalloplasty to allow for dual innervation.
Clinical and Prognostic Impact of Copy Number Alterations and Associated Risk Profiles in a Cohort of Pediatric B-cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cases Treated Under ICiCLe Protocol
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Minu , Chandrashekar Pragna H. , Bakhshi Sameer , Trehan Amita , Gupta Ritu , Thakur Rozy , Gajendra Smeeta , Sharma Preity , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Sachdeva Manupdesh S. , Pushpam Deepam , Varma Neelam , Bansal Deepak , Jain Richa , Peyam Srinivasan , Moorman Anthony V. , Bhatia Prateek
Published: September 2022

Copy number alteration (CNA) status and CNA risk profiles of IKZF1

plus
, UK-ALL CNA risk groups and MRplus scores, were evaluated for clinical and prognostic impact in a cohort of 493 B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases diagnosed and treated under the Indian Collaborative Childhood Leukemia group (ICiCLe) protocol trial. Overall CNA frequency was 59% with 60% of cases showing 2-loci deletion. CDKN2A/B deletion was most common CNA (36.3%), while IKZF1 deletion and IKZF1

plus
profile were noted in 19.5% and 13.4% of cases, respectively. IKZF1 deletions and other CNA risk profiles were significantly associated with poor (PR)/high risk (HR) clinical and genetic profile parameters (P < 0.001). In addition, the 3-year OS, event-free survival (EFS) was significantly poor with high relapse rate (RR) of 38.6%, 46.5%, and 35.2% for IKZF1 deletions, IKZF1

plus
profiles, and UK-ALL CNA-intermediate risk (IR)+PR risk groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Integrated evaluation of UK-ALL CNA risk profile with ICiCLe trial risk stratification groups revealed a worse overall survival, EFS, and RR of 63.3%, 43.2%, and 35.2% for CNA-IR+PR profile compared to CNA-good risk profile (81.3%, 65.0%, and 21.0%; P < 0.001). Hence, routine CNA testing in our setting is must to identify standard risk and IR cases likely to benefit from HR treatment.
Clinical Emergence of Low-flow Vascular Malformations After Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2: A Case Series
Authors: Gong Anna J. , Khalil Adham , Weiss Clifford R.
Published: September 2022

Studies have demonstrated that all 3 of the FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson) are effective at reducing SARS-CoV-2-related hospitalizations, severe disease, and death. While these vaccinations have demonstrated a compelling safety profile, no discussion regarding the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the exacerbation of slow-flow vascular malformations (SFVMs) has been had. We present the first case series of 3 consecutive patients who demonstrated clinical emergence or exacerbation of venous malformation status-post COVID-19 vaccination. As trauma, infection, and systemic inflammation can contribute to exacerbation of these vascular anomalies, COVID-19 vaccination may contribute to the clinical emergence and exacerbation of vascular malformations in patients with initial subclinical presentation.
From TCM Practice to Classic Texts: The Case of Henry C. Lu’s A Complete Translation of the Yellow Emperor’s Classics of Internal Medicine and the Difficult Classic (Nei-Jing and Nan-Jing)
Authors: Jiang Chen-Xue , Wang Yin-Quan
Published: September 2022

In memory of Dr. Henry C. Lu, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioner, educator and translator, this article provides an overview of his masterpiece A Complete Translation of the Yellow Emperor’s Classics of Internal Medicine and the Difficult Classic (Nei-Jing and Nan-Jing) from the perspectives of book section, translation ideology and translation strategies. We then identify the features of TCM classics translated by overseas TCM practitioners and educators through analyzing exemplary characteristics of this translation. Their translations are often teaching oriented with plain and easy-to-read language, thus making TCM classics practical and applicable in clinic practice. Although these works are found in very few library collections of academic institutions, they received positive comments from readers including foreign TCM practitioners and students.
The past and future of transient receptor potential: A scientometric analysis
Authors: Jiang Nan , Pan Ciming , Zhang Shuhan , Cheng Bin , Dong Changwu
Published: September 2022

Background:

Thermoreceptors include TRPV1 and TRPM8. TRPV1 and TRPM8 are TRP channels. TRP ion channels are widely expressed in many different tissues and cell types, and are involved in different physiological processes. Research on the structure and basic physiological functions of TRPV1 is relatively perfect, and the relationship between the pathogenesis of other members of the TRP family and specific diseases and TRPV1 remains to be explored in depth.

Methods:

Articles regarding TRP were culled from the Web of Science Core Collection, and knowledge maps were generated using the CiteSpace software.

Results:

In total, 19,862 articles were included. The number of published articles on this topic has rapidly increased since 2000, with more than 1000 articles published per year by 2020. MAKOTO TOMINAGA was the author with the most articles. The countries with the most articles were the United States and China. However, the number of articles in the U.S. was 3 times that in China. The organizations that publish the most articles are Harvard University in the US and Seoul Natl University in South Korea. TRP and the pathogenesis of diseases, such as neuropathy and stroke, are hotspots of current research.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an overview of the literature on TRP. Research on TRPs is developing rapidly.
Isoniazid preventive therapy-related adverse events among Malawian adults on antiretroviral therapy: A cohort study
Authors: Tsirizani-Galileya Lufina , Milanzi Elasma , Mungwira Randy , Divala Titus , Mallewa Jane , Mategula Donnie , Nampota Nginache , Mwapasa Victor , Buchwald Andrea , Laurens Matthew B. , Laufer Miriam K. , Van Oosterhout Joep J.
Published: September 2022

Adverse events may be a cause of observed poor completion of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) among people living with HIV in high tuberculosis burden areas. Data on IPT-related adverse events (AE) from sub-Saharan Africa are scarce. We report IPT-related AEs, associated clinical characteristics, and IPT discontinuations in adults who were stable on antiretroviral therapy (ART) when they initiated IPT. Cohort study nested within a randomized, controlled, clinical trial of cotrimoxazole and chloroquine prophylaxis in Malawians aged ≥ 18 years and virologically suppressed on ART. Eight hundred sixty-nine patients were followed for a median of 6 months after IPT initiation. IPT relatedness of AEs was determined retrospectively with the World Health Organization case-causality tool. Frailty survival regression modeling identified factors associated with time to first probably IPT-related AE. The overall IPT-related AE incidence rate was 1.1/person year of observation. IPT relatedness was mostly uncertain and few AEs were severe. Most common were liver and hematological toxicities. Higher age increased risk of a probably IPT-related AE (aHR = 1.02; 95% CI 1.00–1.06; P = .06) and higher weight reduced this risk (aHR = 0.98; 95% CI 0.96–1.00; P = .03). Of 869 patients, 114 (13%) discontinued IPT and 94/114 (82%) discontinuations occurred at the time of a possibly or probably IPT-related AE. We observed a high incidence of mostly mild IPT-related AEs among individuals who were stable on ART. More than 1 in 8 persons discontinued IPT. These findings inform strategies to improve implementation of IPT in adults on ART, including close monitoring of groups at higher risk of IPT-related AEs.
Comparison of unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy versus percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ma Xu , Li Wenyi , Gao Shangju , Cao Can , Li Chuntao , He Liang , Li Meng
Published: September 2022

Background:

The purpose of this study was to analyze unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy (UBE) and percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.

Methods:

PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched online. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 16.0.

Results:

The selection criteria were met by 6 studies with a total of 281 patients (142 cases in the UBE group and 139 cases in the PELD group) and good methodological quality. PELD has the potential to improve outcomes such as operation time and intraoperative hemorrhage (MD = 36.808, 95% CI (23.766, 49.850), P = .000; MD = 59.269, 95% CI (21.527, 97.010), P = .000) compared with UBE. No differences were found in the back pain VAS score at preoperative (MD = −0.024, 95% CI [−0.572, 0.092], P = .998), at 1 day after operation (MD = −0.300, 95% CI [−0.845, 0.246], P = .878), the VAS score of leg pain at preoperative (MD = −0.099, 95% CI [−0.417, 0.220], P = .762), at 1 day after operation (MD = 0.843, 95% CI [0.193, 1.492], P = .420), at 1 month after operation (MD = −0.027, 95% CI [−0.433, 0.380], P = .386), at 6 months after operation (MD = 0.122, 95% CI [−0.035, 0.278], P = .946), hospital stay (MD = 3.708, 95% CI [3.202, 4.214], P = .000) and other clinical effects between UBE and PELD group.

Conclusions:

There are no significant differences in clinical efficacy between UBE and PELD, according to the research. However, PELD has the potential to improve outcomes such as operation time and intraoperative hemorrhage. As just a result, PELD is better suited in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation.
A novel necroptosis-related lncRNAs signature for survival prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Liwen , Luo Huaijing , Dong Xingmo , Zeng Zhihui , Zhang Jianlong , Yi Yi , Lin Chaolu
Published: September 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common kind of kidney cancer with poor prognosis. Necroptosis is a newly observed type of programmed cell death in recent years. However, the effects of necroptosis-related lncRNAs (NRlncRNAs) on ccRCC have not been widely explored. The transcription profile and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Necroptosis-related lncRNAs were identified by utilizing a co-expression network of necroptosis-related genes and lncRNAs. Univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage, and selection operator regression and multivariate Cox regression were performed to screen out ideal prognostic necroptosis-related lncRNAss and develop a multi-lncRNA signature. Finally, 6 necroptosis-related lncRNA markers were established. Patients were separated into high- and low-risk groups based on the performance value of the median risk score. Kaplan–Meier analysis identified that high-risk patients had poorer prognosis than low-risk patients. Furthermore, the area under time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve reached 0.743 at 1 year, 0.719 at 3 years, and 0.742 at 5 years, which indicating that they can be used to predict ccRCC prognosis. In addition, the proposed signature was related to immunocyte infiltration. A nomogram model was also established to provide a more beneficial prognostic indicator for the clinic. Altogether, in the present study, the 6-lncRNA prognostic risk signature are trustworthy and effective indicators for predicting the prognosis of ccRCC.
Systematic analysis competing endogenous RNA coexpression network as a potentially prediction prognostic biomarker for colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xi Jiaxi , Zhang Huajun , Li Yan , Su Henghai , Chen Xiaoyu , Liang Xueyan
Published: September 2022

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common types of colon cancer, represents a major public health issue due to its high incidence and mortality. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) hypothesis has generated a great interest in the study of molecular biological mechanisms of cancer progression. The aim of this study was to identify potential prediction prognostic biomarker associated with progression of COAD and illuminate regulatory mechanisms. Two RNA sequencing datasets downloaded from the Genotype-Tissue Expression and TCGA. The differentially expressed RNAs were analyzed. Weighted correlation network analysis was used to analyze the similarity of genes model with a trait in the network. Interactions between lncRNAs, miRNAs, and target mRNAs were predicted by MiRcode, starBase, miRTarBase, miRDB, and TargetScan, and the risk score of mRNAs was established. Based on the identified prognostic signature and independent clinical factors, then the nomogram survival model was built. Totally, we identified 3537 differentially expressed mRNAs, 2379 lncRNAs, and 449 microRNAs. Based on the 8 prognosis-associated mRNAs (CCNA2 + CEBPA + NEBL + SOX9 + DLG4 + RIMKLB + TCF7L1 + TUB), the risk score was proposed. After the independent clinical prognostic factors were identified, the nomogram survival model was built. LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was built by 68 lncRNAs, 4 miRNAs, and 6 mRNAs, which might serve as prognostic biomarkers of COAD. These findings suggest several genes in ceRNA network might be novel important prognostic biomarkers and potential targets for COAD. CeRNA networks could provide further insight into the mRNA-related regulatory mechanism and COAD prognosis.
Evaluation of temperature of a full ceramic total knee arthroplasty during MRI examinations
Authors: Trieb Klemens , Artmann Andreas , Krupa Michael , Senck Sasch , Landauer Franz
Published: September 2022

Background:

A diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often necessary before surgery of degenerative spine diseases. This can lead to a possible conflict with an inserted implant of the hip or knee. Heat generation or movement could be caused by the magnetic field. The aim of this study is to investigate temperature development in vitro in a 1.5T MRI of a ceramic knee arthroplasty.

Methods:

A full ceramic, complete metal-free non-constrained primary total knee arthroplasty is investigated. Temperature change was measured between platinum resistors before and after each MRI sequence by change of resistance. The knee implant was placed in a plastic container after the sensors were attached. Then the container was completely filled with ultrasound gel. To document any possible movement of the implant, a grid was placed under the container to document the position of the implant before and after the scans.

Results:

A total of four standard knee sequences were performed. The temperature at sites 1 to 5 per implant was always documented in the as-is state before MRI and then after each sequence. A total of 5 temperature measurement points were taken per implant. It was found that there were extremely small temperature variations. These were always in the range of less than 1°C. There was no case of movement of the implant triggered by the MRI scan.

Conclusions:

The experimental investigations carried out here showed homogeneous results with this experimental setup. It is concluded that, at least in vitro, that this ceramic knee implant can be used in MRI examinations without heating or movement.
Characterizing inflammatory markers in highly aggressive soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Nishimura Shunji , Shinyashiki Yu , Ito Tomohiko , Akagi Masao
Published: September 2022

The prognosis for soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) is poor, especially for highly aggressive STSs, and the details of prognostic factors are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors for STSs in hematologic inflammatory markers. We included 22 patients with STSs treated at our institution. The STSs were histologically classified as follows: undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, 7 cases; myxofibrosarcoma, 6 cases; and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, 2 cases. The average patient age was 72.06 years. The numbers of patients who underwent each procedure were as follows: wide resection, 7; wide resection and flap, 2; marginal resection, 2; wide resection and radiation, 1; additional wide resection with flap, 1; wide resection and skin graft, 1; and radiotherapy only, 1. The median follow-up period was 26 months (3–92 months). The outcomes were as follows: continuous disease free, 6 cases; no evidence of disease, 6 cases; alive with disease, 1 case; and died of disease, 2 cases. Pretreatment blood examinations for C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels; neutrophil, lymphocyte, and white blood cell (WBC) counts; and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio were investigated and correlated with tumor size, tissue grade, and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). CRP level and neutrophil and WBC counts were positively correlated with tissue grade and SUVmax. N/L ratio was positively correlated with tumor size and SUVmax. CRP level, WBC and neutrophil counts, and N/L ratio may be poor prognostic factors for highly aggressive STSs.
Factors affecting the life expectancy in malignant pleural mesothelioma: Our 10 years of studies and experience
Authors: Cimen Filiz , Agackiran Yetkin , Düzgün Sevim , Aloglu Melike , Senturk Aysegül , Atikcan Sükran
Published: September 2022

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis. In our study, we aimed to investigate the specific clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of the tumor and the prognostic effect of SUVmax (maximum standardized uptake values) according to PET/CT (positron emission tomography). Demographic, therapeutic, clinical, and survival information of patients diagnosed with histologically-validated pleural mesothelioma in our hospital between January 2010 to December 2019 will be retrospectively scanned from the hospital records. A total of 116 patients, 61 men (52.6%), and 55 women (47.4%), were analyzed. Thirty five patients (30.2%) were over the age of 65. Percentage of patients over 65 years of age, neutrophil count, and PET SUV Max values, asbestos exposure and pleural thickening rate were significantly higher in the deceased patients’ group than in the living patients’ group (P = .042, P = .039, P = .002, P = .004, P = .037). T stage (tumor stage), N stage (lymph nodes stage), metastasis stage, and Grade distribution were significantly higher in the deceased patients’ group than in the living patients’ group (P < .000, P < .000, P = .003, P < .000). The rates of chemotherapy and surgical treatment, right lung location, and epithelioid pathology were significantly lower in the deceased patients’ group compared to the living patients’ group (P = .016, P = .030, P = .018, P = .008). The mean follow-up time was 13 months. Key determinants of survival in MPM include age, male gender, neutrophil increase, pleural thickening, high PET SUV max values, stage, histological type, asbestos exposure, and treatment regimen.
Efficacy and toxicity of carfilzomib- or bortezomib-based regimens for treatment of transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Chunhong , Wei Min , Yang Feiyan , Liu Qin , Wu Fuzhen , Huang Jinxiong
Published: September 2022

Background:

Multiple myeloma is a clonal disorder of malignant plasma cells that comprises approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of carfilzomib- or bortezomib-based regimens for treatment of transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods:

Data mining was conducted in March 2022 across PubMed, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov. All published RCTs which assessed efficacy and toxicity of carfilzomib-based regimens treatment for transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma when compared with a bortezomib-based regimens were included.

Results:

Our meta-analysis showed that the overall response rate (ORR) (Odds ratio = 1.33, 95% CI 1.05–1.69, P = .02) was significantly higher in the carfilzomib-based regimens group than in the bortezomib-based regimens group. However, the difference in ORR did not translate into improvements in progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and complete response rate (CRR). Adverse events of grade 3 or worse that occurred with a higher incidence in the carfilzomib-based regimens group compared with the bortezomib-based regimens group were dyspnea, hypertension, acute kidney injury, and heart failure.

Conclusions:

The carfilzomib-based regimens did not improve PFS, OS and CRR compared with the bortezomib-based regimens in transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, and they showed higher toxicity.
Evaluate the elasticity of carotid artery in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by two-dimensional strain imaging
Authors: Li Zhen , Mao Xin , Cui Xiuxiu , Yu Tingting , Zhang Mengmeng , Li Xiya , Li Guangsen
Published: September 2022

To evaluate carotid elasticity by using two-dimensional strain imaging (2DSI) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). 98 patients with T2DM diagnosed in our hospital were selected. All the patients were without carotid plaque, which were proved by carotid ultrasonography. According to the fatty liver classification standard, patients were divided into three groups. There were 35 cases without NAFLD in group A, 33 cases with mild NAFLD in group B and 30 cases with moderate to severe NAFLD in group C. By using two-dimensional and M-mode ultrasound to measure the left carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), common carotid arterial systolic diameter (Ds) and diastolic diameter (Dd). The systolic peak velocity was measured by spectral Doppler ultrasound. The systolic global peak circumferential strain (CS), early and late systolic global circumferential strain rate (CSr) were measured by 2DSI. The stiffness parameters β1 and β2 were calculated by M-mode ultrasound and 2DSI separately. Among three groups, the Ds, Dd and systolic peak velocity showed no significant difference (all P > .05). In group C, IMT and β1 were obviously increased than those of groups A and B (all P < .05). Compared groups A and B, there were no significant difference in IMT and β1 (all P > .05). β2 was higher in groups B and C than those in group A, CS, CSr were lower in groups B and C than those in group A (both P > .05). The carotid elasticity of T2DM patients with NAFLD can be evaluated by 2DSI.
Curcuminoids can prevent post-contrast acute kidney injury in chronic kidney disease patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jaturapisanukul Solos , Kurathong Sathit , Ngamvichchukorn Tanun , Trakarnvanich Thananda
Published: September 2022

Background:

Post contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) following coronary procedures is a common cause of renal impairment in hospitalized patients, curcuminoids exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions and have shown positive effects on renal hemodynamic protection The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of curcuminoids in the prevention of PC-AKI in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods:

This study was a single-center, prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with CKD undergoing elective coronary angiography (CAG) at Vajira Hospital from October 2018 to March 2019. Patients were randomized to receive curcuminoids at 1500 mg per day 3 days before and 2 days after the procedure or placebo. The primary outcome was the development of PC-AKI, and the secondary outcomes were overall acute kidney injury (AKI) incidence within 7 days after CAG, changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and other adverse events.

Results:

Sixty patients were enrolled in this study (30 in the curcuminoid group and 30 in the control group). AKI developed in 5 patients in the control group but not in the curcuminoid group (16.67% vs 0%, P = .052). that curcuminoids could preserve changes in eGFR compared to the placebo group (-1.5 vs 2.5 mL/min/1.73 m2, P value <.001 within 48 hours and -4 vs 1 mL/min/1.73 m2, P value 0.002 within 7 days). However, the hs-CRP and IL-6 levels did not differ between the groups. No serious adverse events were observed in either of the groups.

Conclusion:

Prophylactic administration of curcuminoids, in addition to standard treatment, reduces the incidence of PC-AKI in patients with CKD undergoing elective CAG.
Cholesterol crystal embolism in multiple organs after transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: An autopsy case report
Authors: Yamashita Junki , Nosaka Takuto , Takahashi Kazuto , Naito Tatsushi , Ofuji Kazuya , Matsuda Hidetaka , Ohtani Masahiro , Hiramatsu Katsushi , Kobayashi Motohiro , Nakamoto Yasunari
Published: September 2022

Rationale:

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rarely causes cholesterol crystal embolism (CCE). In our case, the histological findings suggested that the onset of CCE occurred at different time points in different organs.

Patient concerns:

A 72-year-old Japanese woman with HCC underwent TACE. After TACE, serum creatinine level and eosinophil count gradually increased. Three months later, she was admitted to our department with a fever and back pain.

Diagnosis:

Laboratory examinations showed sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation. She was treated with antimicrobial agents and anticoagulants, but died of multiple organ failure.

Interventions:

An autopsy was performed to examine the cause of multiple organ failure after 3 months of TACE.

Outcomes:

A mixture of both chronic phase emboli with intimal thickening and fibrosis and acute phase emboli with inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the small intestine. Moreover, multiple intravascular cholesterol fissures were observed in the kidney, stomach, duodenum, colon, pancreas, and spleen, which were the vascular dominant organs of the celiac artery and superior mesenteric artery. These histological findings suggested that cholesterol crystals were continuously disseminated after TACE.

Lessons:

TACE for HCC may cause progressive CCE and damage in multiple organs. When progressive renal dysfunction, eosinophilia, or multiple organ dysfunction is observed after TACE, the CCE should be suspected.
Comparison of methods for evaluation of upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation duration: Videofluoroscopic swallow study versus high-resolution manometry
Authors: Park Chul-Hyun , Kim Kunwoo , Hwang Jin-Tae , Choi Jae-Hyung , Lee Yong-Taek , Park Young Sook , Park Jung Ho , Yoon Kyung Jae
Published: September 2022

This study aims to compare the 2 methods of upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxation measurement and determine which method has better diagnostic value in UES relaxation impairment The study included 140 patients with pharyngeal dysphagia who underwent both videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) and high-resolution manometry (HRM). Feeding method was determined to oral or non-oral feeding based on the severity of dysphagia; 103 patients were in oral feeding group and 37 were in non-oral feeding group. UES relaxation duration was measured using VFSS and HRM, respectively. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to validate the UES relaxation duration in determination of feeding method. UES relaxation duration was more decreased in non-oral feeding group than in oral feeding group on both VFSS and HRM. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff value of UES relaxation duration to determine feeding method (oral or non-oral feeding) was 0.42 seconds on VFSS and 0.44 seconds on HRM. The sensitivity for feeding method was higher in VFSS than HRM (83.5% vs 70.9%), while the specificity was higher in HRM than VFSS (48.6% vs 54.1%). VFSS and HRM have complementary ability in evaluating UES relaxation duration in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.