bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proximal determinants of suboptimal early child development during the first three years of life in socially deprived Mexican contexts
Authors: Serván-Mori Edson , Quezada-Sánchez Amado D. , Fuentes-Rivera Evelyn , Pineda-Antunez Carlos , Hernández-Chávez María del Carmen , García-Martínez Angélica , García-Feregrino Raquel , Madrigal Abby , Guerrero Bárbara , Medrano Gerónimo , Schnaas Lourdes
Published: November 2023

Assessing the status and determinants of early child development (ECD) requires accurate and regularly updated measurements. Yet, little information has been published on the subject in low- and middle-income countries, particularly regarding the proximal determinants of childhood development in contexts of high social marginalization. This article analyzes the factors that favor or mitigate suboptimal ECD outcomes in Mexico. A cross-sectional study was conducted using recently collected data for 918 children aged 0–38 months from socially marginalized communities in 23 Mexican municipalities. The ECD outcomes of the children were estimated based on indicators of chronic undernutrition and neurodevelopment (normal, lagging and at risk of delay). The distribution of outcomes was described across the ECD proximal determinants analyzed, including the co-occurrence of chronic undernutrition and suboptimal neurodevelopment. Covariate-adjusted prevalence of the ECD outcomes and co-occurrences were calculated as post-estimations from a multiple multinomial logistic regression. The prevalence of chronic undernutrition was 23.5%; 45.9% of children were classified with neurodevelopmental lag, and 11% at risk of neurodevelopmental delay. The prevalence of stunting co-occurring with suboptimal neurodevelopment came to 15.4%. The results of the multinomial logistic regression model indicated that early gestational age, low birth weight, a low household socioeconomic level, being male and having numerous siblings were all associated with the co-occurrence of chronic undernutrition and suboptimal child neurodevelopment. This study identified important predictors of child development in the first three years of life, specifically in two of its principal indicators: nutritional and neurodevelopmental status. Most of the predictors observed can be improved by means of social programs and interventions.

Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov ID:NCT04210362.
Pharmacological induction of translational readthrough of nonsense mutations in the retinoblastoma (RB1) gene
Authors: Palomar-Siles Mireia , Yurevych Viktor , Bykov Vladimir J. N. , Wiman Klas G.
Published: November 2023

The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is encoded by the RB1 tumor suppressor gene. Inactivation of RB1 by inherited or somatic mutation occurs in retinoblastoma and various other types of tumors. A significant fraction (25.9%) of somatic RB1 mutations are nonsense substitutions leading to a premature termination codon (PTC) in the RB1 coding sequence and expression of truncated inactive Rb protein. Here we show that aminoglycoside G418, a known translational readthrough inducer, can induce full-length Rb protein in SW1783 astrocytoma cells with endogenous R579X nonsense mutant RB1 as well as in MDA-MB-436 breast carcinoma cells transiently transfected with R251X, R320X, R579X or Q702X nonsense mutant RB1 cDNA. Readthrough was associated with increased RB1 mRNA levels in nonsense mutant RB1 cells. Induction of full-length Rb protein was potentiated by the cereblon E3 ligase modulator CC-90009. These results suggest that pharmacological induction of translational readthrough could be a feasible strategy for therapeutic targeting of tumors with nonsense mutant RB1.
Long COVID in the United States
Authors: Blanchflower David G. , Bryson Alex
Published: November 2023

Although yet to be clearly identified as a clinical condition, there is immense concern at the health and wellbeing consequences of long COVID. Using data collected from nearly half a million Americans in the period June 2022-December 2022 in the US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey (HPS), we find 14 percent reported suffering long COVID at some point, half of whom reported it at the time of the survey. Its incidence varies markedly across the United States–from 11 percent in Hawaii to 18 percent in West Virginia–and is higher for women than men, among Whites compared with Blacks and Asians, and declines with rising education and income. It is at its highest in midlife in the same way as negative affect. Ever having had long COVID is strongly associated with negative affect (anxiety, depression, worry and a lack of interest in things), with the correlation being strongest among those who currently report long COVID, especially if they report severe symptoms. In contrast, those who report having had short COVID report higher wellbeing than those who report never having had COVID. Long COVID is also strongly associated with physical mobility problems, and with problems dressing and bathing. It is also associated with mental problems as indicated by recall and understanding difficulties. Again, the associations are strongest among those who currently report long COVID, while those who said they had had short COVID have fewer physical and mental problems than those who report never having had COVID. Vaccination is associated with lower negative affect, including among those who reported having had long COVID.
QTL analysis of traits related to seed size and shape in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Mei Hongxian , Cui Chengqi , Liu Yanyang , Du Zhenwei , Wu Ke , Jiang Xiaolin , Zheng Yongzhan , Zhang Haiyang
Published: November 2023

Seed size and shape are important traits that determine seed yield in sesame. Understanding the genetic basis of seed size and shape is essential for improving the yield of sesame. In this study, F2 and BC1 populations were developed by crossing the Yuzhi 4 and Bengal small-seed (BS) lines for detecting the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of traits related to seed size and shape. A total of 52 QTLs, including 13 in F2 and 39 in BC1 populations, for seed length (SL), seed width (SW), and length to width ratio (L/W) were identified, explaining phenotypic variations from 3.68 to 21.64%. Of these QTLs, nine stable major QTLs were identified in the two populations. Notably, three major QTLs qSL-LG3-2, qSW-LG3-2, and qSW-LG3-F2 that accounted for 4.94–16.34% of the phenotypic variations were co-localized in a 2.08 Mb interval on chromosome 1 (chr1) with 279 candidate genes. Three stable major QTLs qSL-LG6-2, qLW-LG6, and qLW-LG6-F2 that explained 8.14–33.74% of the phenotypic variations were co-localized in a 3.27 Mb region on chr9 with 398 candidate genes. In addition, the stable major QTL qSL-LG5 was co-localized with minor QTLs qLW-LG5-3 and qSW-LG5 to a 1.82 Mb region on chr3 with 195 candidate genes. Gene annotation, orthologous gene analysis, and sequence analysis indicated that three genes are likely involved in sesame seed development. These results obtained herein provide valuable in-formation for functional gene cloning and improving the seed yield of sesame.
Perceptions of oral health promotion in primary schools among health and education officials, community leaders, policy makers, teachers, and parents in Gulu district, northern Uganda: A qualitative study
Authors: Akera Peter , Kennedy Sean E. , Schutte Aletta E. , Richmond Robyn , Hodgins Michael , Lingam Raghu
Published: November 2023

Introduction

One in every two cases of caries in deciduous teeth occurs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim of the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) Healthy Schools Program is to improve the oral health of children. This study explored perceptions of implementation of the Ugandan oral health schools’ program in Gulu district, northern Uganda.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 19 participants including health and education officials, community leaders, policy makers, teachers, and parents. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.

Results

Our study identified three themes: (1) components of oral health promotion, (2) implementation challenges of oral health promotion, and (3) development of an oral health policy. The components of oral health promotion in schools included engagement of health workers, the community, companies, skills-based education, and oral health services. Participants were concerned about insufficient funding, unsatisfactory skills-based education, and inadequate dental screening. Participants reported that there was an urgent need to develop oral health policy to guide implementation of the program at scale.

Conclusions

Schools provided oral health promotion that aligned with existing features of the WHO’s health-promoting school framework. Implementation of this strategy could be enhanced with increased resources, adequate oral health education, and explicit development of oral health policy.
Metastasis, characteristic, and treatment of breast cancer in young women and older women: A study from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registration database
Authors: Gao Xiaokang , Zhang Fengxia , Zhou Qiwang , Xu Hui , Bian Jie
Published: November 2023

Background

Younger age is an independent risk factor for breast cancer (BC) prognosis, and BC in young women is often considered more aggressive. BC patients with different age and molecular subtypes have different metastasis patterns and survival. Herein, we aim to explore the metastasis patterns, characteristics and treatment methods of young patients with BC, and to compare them with older patients.

Methods

Data of young patients (aged ≤40 years old) and older patients (aged >40 years old) with BC were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registration database in 2010–2019 in this retrospective cohort study. Univariate and multivariate competing risk models and proportional hazard models were used to explore the association between different metastasis patterns and treatments and BC prognoses in young and older patients. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves were drawn to reflect the survival probability of patients with BC who have different metastasis patterns. Also, we performed subgroup analysis of different metastasis patterns to explore the association between different treatments and overall survival (OS)/cancer specific survival (CSS) in patients with BC. The evaluation index was hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Totally, 5,984 patients died, and 92.56% of them died from BC. There were respectively 1,089 young patients and 9,105 older patients, and we found some differences of characteristics and metastasis patterns between them. After adjusting for covariates, young patients who had brain metastasis and multiple sites metastasis seemed to have high risk of both lower OS and CSS. Among older patients with BC, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, and multiple sites metastasis were all positively associated with both lower OS and CSS. In young and older patients, those who not receive radiotherapy or surgery, or received non-surgery combined with radiotherapy seemed to have high risk of both lower OS and CSS. Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and surgery combined with radiotherapy were associated with higher OS and CSS in young patients, while only older patients received surgery combined with radiotherapy had higher OS and CSS. Results of subgroup analysis indicated that for patients with different metastasis patterns, developing a personalized treatment plan is necessary.

Conclusions

Characteristics of BC between young patients and older patients were different. Clinicians should focus on different metastasis sites and choose appropriate treatments in patients with different ages, which may improve the prognoses.
Soil microbiome analysis reveals effects of periodic waterlogging stress on sugarcane growth
Authors: Leelastwattanagul Onnicha , Sutheeworapong Sawannee , Khoiri Ahmad Nuruddin , Dulsawat Sudarat , Wattanachaisaereekul Songsak , Tachaleat Anuwat , Duangfoo Thanawat , Paenkaew Prasobsook , Prommeenate Peerada , Cheevadhanarak Supapon , Jirakkakul Jiraporn
Published: November 2023

Sugarcane is one of the major agricultural crops with high economic importance in Thailand. Periodic waterlogging has a long-term negative effect on sugarcane development, soil properties, and microbial diversity, impacting overall sugarcane production. Yet, the microbial structure in periodically waterlogged sugarcane fields across soil compartments and growth stages in Thailand has not been documented. This study investigated soil and rhizosphere microbial communities in a periodic waterlogged field in comparison with a normal field in a sugarcane plantation in Ratchaburi, Thailand, using 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing. Alpha diversity analysis revealed comparable values in periodic waterlogged and normal fields across all growth stages, while beta diversity analysis highlighted distinct microbial community profiles in both fields throughout the growth stages. In the periodic waterlogged field, the relative abundance of Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Basidiomycota increased, while Acidobacteria and Ascomycota decreased. Beneficial microbes such asArthrobacter,Azoarcus,Bacillus,Paenibacillus,Pseudomonas, andStreptomycesthrived in the normal field, potentially serving as biomarkers for favorable soil conditions. Conversely, phytopathogens and growth-inhibiting bacteria were prevalent in the periodic waterlogged field, indicating unfavorable conditions. The co-occurrence network in rhizosphere of the normal field had the highest complexity, implying increased sharing of resources among microorganisms and enhanced soil biological fertility. Altogether, this study demonstrated that the periodic waterlogged field had a long-term negative effect on the soil microbial community which is a key determining factor of sugarcane growth.
Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 is a potential predictor of post-liver transplant renal outcomes
Authors: Moon Jong Joo , Hong Suk Kyun , Kim Yong Chul , Hong Su young , choi YoungRok , Yi Nam-Joon , Lee Kwang-Woong , Han Seung Seok , Lee Hajeong , Kim Dong Ki , Kim Yon Su , Yang Seung Hee , Suh Kyung-Suk
Published: November 2023

Acute kidney injury is considered an independent prognostic factor for mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis. Non-treated acute kidney injury can progress to hepatorenal syndrome with a poor prognosis. As suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) is a member of the interleukin-1 receptor family that aggravates inflammation and fibrotic changes in multiple organs, we measured soluble ST2 (sST2) level in the serum and urine of liver-transplant recipients at the time of transplantation. The serum sST2 level significantly increased in liver-transplant recipients with suppressed kidney function compared with that in recipients with normal function. In recipients with severely decreased liver function (model for end-stage liver disease score ≥ 30), the serum sST2 level was higher than that in recipients with preserved liver function (model for end-stage liver disease score ≤ 20, P = 0.028). The serum sST2 level in recipients with hepatorenal syndrome was higher than that in liver-transplant recipients without hepatorenal syndrome (P = 0.003). The serum sST2 level in patients with hepatorenal syndrome was higher than that in recipients without a history of acute kidney injury (P = 0.004). Recipients with hepatorenal syndrome and recovered kidney function showed higher sST2 levels than those who did not recover (P = 0.034). Collectively, an increase in the serum sST2 level reflects a decrease in both kidney and liver functions. Thus, measuring sST2 level at the time of liver transplantation can help predict renal outcomes.
Predictors of early and long-term mortality after ICU discharge in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Santos Mariana M. S. , Pereira Isabel J. , Cuboia Nelson , Reis-Pardal Joana , Adrião Diana , Cardoso Teresa , Aragão Irene , Santos Lurdes , Sarmento António , Rosa Regis G. , Granja Cristina , Teixeira Cassiano , Azevedo Luís
Published: November 2023

Background

To mitigate mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients, both during their Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay and following ICU discharge, it is crucial to measure its frequency, identify predictors and to establish an appropriate post-ICU follow-up strategy.

Methods

In this multicentre, prospective cohort study, we included 586 critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Results

We observed an overall ICU mortality of 20.1% [95%CI: 17.1% to 23.6%] (118/586) and an overall hospital mortality of 25.4% [95%CI: 22.1% to 29.1%] (149/586). For ICU survivors, 30 days (early) post-ICU mortality was 5.3% [95%CI: 3.6% to 7.8%] (25/468) and one-year (late) post-ICU mortality was 7.9% [95%CI: 5.8% to 10.8%] (37/468). Pre-existing conditions/comorbidities were identified as the main independent predictors of mortality after ICU discharge: hypertension and heart failure were independent predictors of early mortality; and hypertension, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer were independent predictors of late mortality.

Conclusion

Early and late post-ICU mortality exhibited an initial surge (in the first 30 days post-ICU) followed by a subsequent decline over time. Close monitoring of critically ill COVID-19 post-ICU survivors, especially those with pre-existing conditions, is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes, reduce mortality and to establish an appropriate follow-up strategy.
Why small towns are shrinking: The spatial heterogeneity of small towns shrinkage and the impact of it from the perspective of rural-urban interaction in China
Authors: Han Yong , Deng Yating , Ni Ruixing
Published: November 2023

Small towns play a crucial role in bridging urban and rural territory systems. While numerous studies have identified the characteristics and causes of small town shrinkage (STS), there remains an unexplored perspective on the reasons for their shrinkage from the perspective of the rural-urban relationship. To address this research gap, we investigated the relationship between STS and rural-urban interaction (RUI) in China. We hypothesized that a negative relationship existed between the degree of STS and the intensity of RUI. Using geo-statistical methods, such as the multi-scale geographical weighted regression (MGWR) model, the hypothesis was tested using Henan Province in China as a case study. The results indicated that the phenomenon of STS was observed extensively across the study region, with a 59% geographical overlap between the high-value area of STS and the low-value area of urban-rural interaction. Three distinct sub-types of STS regions were identified: shrinking regions along geographical borders, shrinking regions adjacent to metropolitan areas, and shrinking regions in ecologically fragile areas. The factors influencing STS demonstrated spatial heterogeneity and multi-scale characteristics. The findings will improve our understanding of urban shrinkage from a multi-level perspective and offer policy makers guidance for the sustainable development of small towns based on local conditions.
Comparative genome analysis of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli harboring mcr isolated from rural community residents in Ecuador and Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Hoang Hoa Thi , Yamamoto Mayumi , Calvopina Manuel , Bastidas-Caldes Carlos , Khong Diep Thi , Nguyen Thang Nam , Kawahara Ryuji , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Yamamoto Yoshimasa
Published: November 2023

The spread of colistin-resistant bacteria among rural community residents of low- and middle-income countries is a major threat to community health. Although the mechanism of the spread of colistin-resistant bacteria in communities is unknown, geographic and regional characteristics may influence it. To elucidate the spread mechanism of colistin-resistant bacteria, we analyzed the genomes of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Vietnam and Ecuador residents, which are geographically and socially different. Stool specimens of 139 and 98 healthy residents from Ecuador and Vietnam rural communities, respectively, were analyzed for colistin-resistant E. coli with mcr. Its prevalence in the residents of all the communities assessed was high and approximately equal in both countries: 71.8% in Ecuador and 69.4% in Vietnam. A phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the sequence type of colistin-resistant E. coli was diverse and the major sequence types were different between the two countries. The location of mcr in the isolates showed that the proportion of chromosomal mcr was 35.1% and 8.5% in the Vietnam and Ecuador isolates, respectively. Most of these chromosomal mcr genes (75%–76%) had an intact mcr-transposon Tn6330. Contrastingly, the replicon types of the mcr-carrying-plasmids were diverse in both countries, but almost all belonged to IncI2 in Ecuador and IncX1/X4 in Vietnam. Approximately 26%–45% of these mcr-plasmids had other resistance genes, which also varied between countries. These results suggest that although the overall profile of the colistin-resistant E. coli isolates is diverse in these countries, the phylogenesis of the isolates and mcr-carrying plasmids has regional characteristics. Although the contributing factors are not clear, it is obvious that the overall profile of colistin-resistant bacteria dissemination varies between countries. Such different epidemic patterns are important for establishing country-specific countermeasures against colistin-resistant bacteria.
Dressed for Freedom: The Fashionable Politics of American Feminism, Einav Rabinovitch-Fox (2021)
Authors: Falsafi Zahra
Published: November 2023

Review of: Dressed for Freedom: The Fashionable Politics of American Feminism, Einav Rabinovitch-Fox (2021)

Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 272 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-25204-401-4, h/bk, $110
An Unusual Disease With a Common Presentation: Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction in Inclusion Body Myositis
Authors: Ramirez Ramirez Oscar A. , Hillman Luke
Published: November 2023

Cricopharyngeal (CP) dysfunction is a frequent cause of dysphagia among patients with inclusion body myositis. Early identification and prompt treatment is necessary because aspiration pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality among these patients. We present a case of a 57-year-old woman with a history of inclusion body myositis who presented with progressive dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia found to have CP dysfunction treated with endoscopic CP myotomy. Postoperatively, patient's dysphagia improved with no further episodes of aspiration at 2-year follow-up.
Kämpfe um Gesundheitsgerechtigkeit
Authors: Waegerle Lisa
Published: November 2023

Lisa Waegerle zeigt in ihrem Beitrag die Notwendigkeit auf, gesundheitsbezogene Ungleichheiten als das Ergebnis historischer, ökonomischer, politischer und sozialer Verhältnisse zu betrachten und plädiert dafür, bisher unsichtbar gemachte Denkweisen über gesundheitsbezogene Stadtverhältnisse sichtbar zu machen und gleichberechtigt anzuerkennen. Angeregt von dekolonialen, feministischen Perspektiven wird im Beitrag gezeigt, dass poblador@s (organisierte Bewohner*innen) in Lo Hermida (Santiago de Chile) Wissen über gesundheitsbezogene Stadtverhältnisse abseits kolonialer und imperialer Logiken sowie rassistischer Ideologien ermöglichen. Selbstorganisierte Gesundheitsräume und Baugenossenschaften können dabei als Kontaktzonen fungieren, in denen poblador@s beispielsweise Alternativen zu liberalen Eigentumsverhältnissen und Mensch-Natur-Beziehungen mit Bewohner*innen erarbeiten.
Deep learning based distorted Born iterative method for improving microwave imaging
Authors: Magdum Amit D. , Shimoga Beerappa Harisha , Erramshetty Mallikarjun
Published: November 2023

The distorted Born iterative method (DBIM) is a popular quantitative reconstruction algorithm for solving electromagnetic inverse scattering problems. These problems are non-linear and ill-posed. As a result, the efficiency of the method is limited by local minima. To overcome this, a correct initial guess solution is needed to obtain a satisfactory result. The U-Net based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used in this study to make a good initial guess for the DBIM technique. The permittivity estimate produced at the output of U-Net is then refined using an existing iterative optimization process. This method’s findings are compared with the conventional DBIM approach. Strong scattering profiles of synthetic and experimental datasets with homogeneous and heterogeneous scatterers are investigated to validate the efficiency of the proposed technique. The results suggest that the use of the deep learning technique for an initial guess of DBIM improves accuracy and convergence rate significantly.
Beyond alienability: factors determining possessive classes in Piaroa
Authors: Rosés Labrada Jorge Emilio
Published: November 2023

This article focuses on possession marking in Piaroa, a Jodï-Sáliban language spoken along the Middle Orinoco River on the Venezuelan-Colombian border. Based on a corpus of first-hand fieldwork data and building on previous descriptions of Piaroa possession, I show that Piaroa nouns can be divided into four main possessive noun classes based not only on the alienability (i.e., obligatorily possessed vs. optionally possessed) contrast but also based on construction types (i.e., directly possessed vs. indirectly possessed). This article thus contributes to our crosslinguistic understanding of possession constructions and possessive noun classes by showing that alienability is not a sufficient criterion to account for the different possessive classes and splits in Piaroa adnominal possessive constructions, which require positing two concurrent but distinct systems of possessive classification.
Explaining alienability splits in the use of overt and zero possessive marking: a source-oriented approach
Authors: Cristofaro Sonia
Published: November 2023

A well-known pattern in the encoding of adnominal possession crosslinguistically involves splits in the use of overt and zero marking for alienable and inalienable possession. Overt marking may be restricted to alienable possession, but it is not usually restricted to inalienable possession. Zero marking may be restricted to inalienable possession, but it is not usually restricted to alienable possession. This has been explained in terms of principles pertaining to general properties of alienable and inalienable possession, such as the relative degree of conceptual contiguity between possessor and possessee or the relative need to disambiguate the possessive relation. These principles, however, have generally been formulated based on the synchronic crosslinguistic distribution of overt and zero marking across alienable and inalienable possession, rather than diachronic phenomena that shape this distribution from one language to another over time. This paper discusses several developmental processes that have been shown to recurrently give rise to the possessive markers involved in the alienability splits in question crosslinguistically. These markers develop through metonymization processes whereby various types of pre-existing elements take on a possessive meaning originally associated with their context of occurrence, independently of alienability. The distribution of these markers across alienable and inalienable possession follows from restrictions in the distribution of the source construction, unrelated to possession. Principles pertaining to alienability may possibly play a role in the extension, retention or loss of particular markers across alienable and inalienable possession contexts once they are in place in a language, thus ultimately contributing to the relative crosslinguistic frequency of particular alienability splits. This, however, remains to be investigated. These facts call for a new, source-oriented approach to alienability splits and recurrent crosslinguistic patterns in general. In this approach, individual patterns and their relative crosslinguistic frequency are explained in terms of the properties of multiple source constructions and diachronic phenomena that give rise to the pattern and shape its crosslinguistic distribution over time, rather than particular synchronic properties of the pattern in themselves.
Adhesive wear behavior and microstructure of FeCr–FeMn–FeB–C coatings
Authors: Yaz Mehmet
Published: November 2023

This study employs a high-energy-density gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process to fabricate a surface coating on a substrate of 0.15 percent carbon steel, incorporating powders of FeCr, FeMn, FeB, and graphite. The investigation encompasses a multifaceted approach, utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical micrograph (OM) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging, microhardness testing, and adhesive wear testing, with the aim of examining the composite coating’s microstructural attributes, microhardness, and performance under dry-sliding wear conditions. The research findings reveal the formation of diverse carbides and borides, including Mn5C2, Fe3C, B8C, B4C, Fe3B, Fe7C3, FeB, and MnB on the coated surfaces. Notably, the graphite particles within the FeB–FeMn–FeCr–C composite TIG welding coatings exhibit a range of morphologies, varying from sheet-like to dendritic structures.
Nonprofit Disaster Response and Climate Change: Who Responds? Who Plans?
Authors: Gazley Beth , Cash Rachel
Published: November 2023

As weather disasters intensify under the impacts of climate change, an important public policy question is whether the kinds of organizations most likely to provide disaster relief are themselves planning for climate change. A statewide Indiana survey of the leaders of a wide variety of community “social safety net” organizations (N = 467) provides rich descriptive data to understand the realities of local disaster planning as it relates to climate change. Our findings support federal disaster policy in showing first that most of these charities have been or expect to be involved in local disaster relief, either as a primary or secondary mission focus. Charities identifying as primarily disaster responders are much more likely to belong to local emergency planning networks and slightly more likely to plan for emergencies. However, most charity leaders do not acknowledge climate change’s human origins and have not discussed climate change at the board level, with this position strongly related to their understanding of climate change’s potential impact on the communities they serve. And most have not taken some risk mitigation steps. We conclude that the Federal Emergency Management Authority’s national disaster response policy, which relies on the readiness of nonprofits to fill in service roles, does not account for the potential unpreparedness of nonprofits themselves. Policymakers should expand their “whole-community” (three-sector) approach to reinforce local network opportunities as forums for exchanging experience and knowledge, including an explicit linkage between the communication of the science of climate change and emergency planning.
Induction of apoptosis and autophagy via regulation of AKT and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in breast cancer cell lines exposed to gold nanoparticles loaded with TNF-α and combined with doxorubicin
Authors: Jawad Marwa H. , Jabir Majid S. , Ozturk Kamile , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Abomughaid Mosleh M. , Albukhaty Salim , Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Al-Azzawi Waleed K. , Najm Mazin A. A. , Jawad Sabrean F.
Published: November 2023

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) tagged with peptides are pioneers in bioengineered cancer therapy. The aim of the current work was to elucidate the potential anticancer interactions between doxorubicin and GNPs loaded with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). To investigate whether GNPs loaded with TNF and doxorubicin could stimulate autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and AMJ-13, as well as different apoptotic and autophagy markers, were used. In both cell types, treatment with TNF-loaded GNPs in conjunction with doxorubicin increased the production of apoptotic proteins including Bad, caspase-3, caspase-7, and p53 with upregulation of the LC3-II and Beclin1 proteins. In addition, the findings showed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway was dramatically affected by the GNPs loaded with TNF-α and combined with doxorubicin. This had the effect of decreasing p-AKT while simultaneously increasing p-JNK1/2. The findings demonstrated that GNPs loaded with TNF-α and combined with doxorubicin can induce both autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. These results suggest that TNF- and doxorubicin-loaded GNPs provide a therapeutic option as a nanomedicine to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer.
Science brings nations together: Mary Good and the heaviest atoms and nuclei
Authors: Aprahamian Ani
Published: November 2023

The 20th century started with the realization that working together and collaborating expedites new discoveries. The Solvay Conference in 1911 brought together scientists to try to understand the real nature of matter, the new elements, and their properties. Through global conflicts, the scientists stayed in communication and organized IUPAC and IUPAP to stay current in advances internationally in chemistry and physics, respectively. The outcomes include the discovery and naming of the elements that complete the periodic table of elements and the chart of nuclides with the heavy atoms and all of their isotopes. Mary Lowe Good forged new directions in developing tools in the field of radiochemistry. She exemplified cooperation and collaboration nationally and internationally. Now the advances in the heavy elements by Yuri Ts. Oganessian and colleagues staying close to the principles of international cooperation and sharing the new information about the connection of the production of super heavy elements to the main part of the chart of nuclides. The future lies in determining whether there are more elements to be discovered and what are their chemical properties.
Der Verein für Socialpolitik ist alt – und bleibt doch jung und modern
Authors: Riphahn Regina T.
Published: November 2023

Anlässlich des 150. Jubiläums der Gründung des Vereins für Socialpolitik spannt die Vorsitzende, Regina T. Riphahn, in ihrer Festansprache einen Bogen von den Ursprüngen des Vereins bis zu seinem heutigen Selbstverständnis. Sie erläutert die anfängliche Arbeitsweise des Vereins, setzt diesen ins Verhältnis zu anderen nationalen ökonomischen Fachgesellschaften und erörtert die jüngeren Entwicklungen seiner Tätigkeit. Aktuell sieht der Verein seine Aufgabe nicht mehr in einer einem bestimmten Weltbild verpflichteten Politikberatung, sondern allgemein in der Ermöglichung von Wissenschaft und Forschung sowie im Abbau relevanter Hemmnisse.
LibreOffice Writer verze 7.5: Tipy pro akademické a školní práce
Authors: Petržílka Leoš
Published: November 2023

Tato publikace nemá ambice duplikovat originální příručky k produktu ani opisovat nápovědu. Jednotlivé kapitoly předkládají možná řešení situací pro dostupné kategorie objektů ve vytvářeném dokumentu, snaží se nabídnout postup tvorby a případně připomenout, k jakému použití je zmiňovaná funkčnost vhodná. Cílem je poskytnout rady, doporučení a uživatelské tipy na základě získaných zkušeností z výuky zaměřené na tvorbu akademických dokumentů. Detailní prostudování konkrétní funkce v nápovědě Writeru je ponecháno na uživateli.
IMPROVE BUILDING DATABASE ON THE OPERATION PROCESS AND PERFORMANCE TIME FOR SEWING OPERATIONS OF KNITTED GARMENT PRODUCTS
Authors: THAO PHAN THANH , PHAN DUY-NAM
Published: November 2023

This paper presents the findings of the study of building and completion of a standard database on the operation process and sewing time for 02 typical products from knitted fabrics, namely Polo-Shirt and TShirt. The study process is carried out based on applying MTM (Methods Time measurement) standard time analysis method and predetermined time system GSD (General Sewing Data). In this research, we have inherited the results from previous studies including Classifying the main parts sewing linkages, formulated sewing technology process and theoretical analysis of the process of manipulating sewing of the main parts, linkages of the 02 classical textile products including Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt by MTM standard time analysis method and GSD predetermined time system; The studies work of the group of authors on the experimental research content determines the simultaneous influence of a group of factors: distance to place the sewing element (cm), the rotation angle of the sewing element (˚), the size of the sewing element, the number of element layers involved in the sewing, the light intensity (lux) and the skills of sewing workers (grade worker) to the sewing time of knitting products and research simultaneous influences of a group of technological factors including: seam length (cm) and stitches per centimeter (stitches/cm), experiment on 4 sewing devices such as 1-needle lockstitch machine, overlock machine (1 needle and 3 threads) and (2 needles and 4 threads), coverstitch machine (2 needles and 3 threads); and with 3 kinds of single jersey fabrics, which are thin, medium, and thick fabrics to sewing time on the machine of Polo-Shirt and T-Shirt products. The above research results show that there is a big difference between the actual values and theoretically calculated values according to MTM method, GSD predetermined time system, the authors have determined a set of adjustment coefficients for the former and the latter for two values of sewing preparation operation time and sewing time on the machine. We have tested the above research results in 03 enterprises: Hanoi Star Fashion Co., Ltd., Tinh Loi Garment Company and Ha Nam Hanosimex Company Limited and received a lot of practical comments from businesses.
Arcilla y cincel
Authors: Chuk Bruno
Published: November 2023

En la triple frontera entre fenomenología, semiótica y arte, se presenta la tesis de una corporeidad primordial percipiente del habitar, como origen antepredicativo tanto de toda semiótica-objeto como de todo arte, en la relación material entre tal Cuerpo Originario, la materia-estímulo de la expresión y el dispositivo de discurso, así llamado por la pragmática semiótica. Será arte o lenguaje, según el decurso, que tome este enlace formante en la objetivación del mundo. En torno a una ontología fenomenológica del cuerpo, el tema central del presente texto, se postula una tercera posición respecto del actual contrapunto entre Michel Henry y Martin Heidegger. Aunque, extendiendo el debate hacia disciplinas de expresión visual, en particular aquellas de apropiación espacial como el arte de instalación, la Arquitectura, el Diseño Industrial entre otras, la tesis se muestra aplicada en la creación reciente de una bicicleta en tándem, en la segunda parte de la exposición.
Державне регулювання ринку зерна в Україні
Authors: Савенко І. І. , Ткачов В. А.
Published: November 2023

Основою дослідження в статті виступають теоретичні аспекти державного регулювання ринку зерна в Україні. Проаналізовано роботи вітчизняних та закордонних вчених, які працюють в області дослідження державного регулювання ринку зерна. Досліджено функціонування національних структур регулювання ринків зерна в країнах виробниках зерна. Основним результатом дослідження є; зернова галузь України виступає основою в формування ВВП держави, лідером експортного потенціалу і, відповідно, лідером в валютних надходженнях, що потребує встановлення пріоритетності держави в регулюванні вітчизняного ринку зерна. З початком військової інтервенції рф були заблоковані чорноморські порти, через які здійснювався основний експорт зернових вантажів. Ні ринкові механізми, ані державні структури не були готові до подібного сценарію подій. Альтернативними варіантами експорту зерна стали логістичні ланцюги через порти Дунаю: Рені, Ізмаїл, Усть-Дунайськ та другим логістичним ланцюгом експорту стали суходільні залізничні та автомобільні переходи до сусідніх держав: Польщі, Угорщини, Молдови, Румунії, які не змогли, за своїми технічними характеристиками прийняти експортні партії зерна.
Особливості методів оцінки вибуття запасів з урахуванням специфіки діяльності як окремий елемент облікової політики підприємства
Authors: Васьковська К. О. , Космачевська Е. В. , Володіна О. П. , В. Сігідова В.
Published: November 2023

Запаси, як правило, є найбільш важливою і значною частиною активів промислового підприємства, тому актуальним є дослідження питань щодо їх оцінки в момент вибуття. Від вибору правильного методу оцінки вибуття запасів залежить об’єктивність даних про отриманий підприємством прибуток, оскільки неправильно вибраний метод списання в умовах збільшення або зменшення ринкових цін на ті чи інші запаси може призвести до завищення або заниження оподатковуваного прибутку підприємства. У статті розглянуто особливості використання можливих методів оцінки вибуття запасів в залежності від окремої ситуації, сфери та специфіки діяльності промислового підприємства, визначено їх основні переваги та недоліки згідно з Національними положеннями (стандартами) бухгалтерського обліку та Міжнародними стандартами фінансової звітності. Визначено, що оцінка запасів є важливою передумовою ефективної організації обліку запасів на підприємстві, яка впливає на точність визначення фінансових результатів його діяльності. В Україні, як і в більшості інших країн світу, запаси оцінюють за фактичними витратами на їх придбання на момент отримання або використання запасів на потреби виробництва. Авторами проведено аналіз існуючих методів оцінки вибуття запасів (метод ідентифікаційної собівартості, середньозваженої собівартості, ФІФО, нормативних витрат та ціни продажу), що дає можливість обрати найоптимальніший з них для окремої групи запасів, враховуючи специфічні умови діяльності конкретного підприємства. Важливість правильного вибору методів оцінки списання виробничих запасів зумовлюється ще й тим, що цей вид витрат безпосередньо пов’язано з розрахунком собівартості продукції. Отже, фактично оцінювання виробничих запасів є основою для визначення собівартості та ціни виробленої продукції. В умовах необхідності забезпечення ефективного функціонування суб’єктів господарювання, для досягнення найточніших та найкращих фінансових результатів, вибір методів оцінки списання виробничих запасів на потреби підприємства є важливою передумовою організації їх обліку. За результатами дослідження запропоновано напрямки щодо підвищення ефективності управління запасами на промисловому підприємстві.
Сучасний аналіз оборотних активів підприємства в системі застосування аудиту спеціального призначення
Authors: Купріна Н. М. , Ступницька Т. М. , Корчаковська К. В. , Сарієва Г. І. , Мельник Ю. М.
Published: November 2023

Метою даного дослідження є визначення сутності, структури та аспектів застосування аудиту спеціального призначення (аудиту ефективності) в системі управління ефективністю діяльності підприємства, та напрямів проведення аналізу оборотних активів та їх елементів, як першого етапу здійснення внутрішнього та зовнішнього такого аудиту. Проведено дослідження зарубіжного досвіду проведення аудиту спеціального призначення – аудиту ефективності та структурування видів такого аудиту в залежності від об’єкту. Обґрунтовано та доведено, що аудит ефективності (спеціального призначення) діяльності підприємства, розпочинається з етапу економічного аналізу об’єкта дослідження – або діяльності та окремих її видів, ресурсів або окремого виду ресурсів, або капіталу або його окремого виду капіталу тощо. А в контексті проведеного дослідження, аудит ефективності оборотного капіталу, який вкладено в його оборотні активи, з метою їх ефективного використання та управління, розпочинається з етапу їх економічного аналізу, який сформовано на підставі комплексного підходу.
Music Therapists’ Thoughts about their Future and the Direction of the Profession
Authors: Eyre Lillian , Meadows Tony , Gollenberg Audra
Published: November 2023

This research examines the responses of music therapists in the United States to two open-ended statements regarding their future plans (795 responses) and the direction of the profession (782 responses), along with responses to 12 Likert-type statements focused on participants’ perceptions of the American Music Therapy Association. As part of a larger, multi-step survey, this mixed methods analysis provided a framework through which to investigate responses to each open-ended statement, which were further categorized by levels of work satisfaction (Meadows et al., 2022b) and then connected to response trends to the 12 Likert-type statements regarding the American Music Therapy Association. Analysis of these data suggest the vast majority of music therapists intend to stay in the field and undertake professional activities that support their growth and expanding their knowledge and work beyond music therapy. Future plans were, however, significantly impacted by the music therapist’s level of work satisfaction, suggesting some systemic issues in the profession. Responses related to the direction of the field were far more mixed, inextricably connected to work satisfaction levels, and reflected in responses related to the American Music Therapy Association. Taken together, these findings suggest that while the majority of music therapists are focused on growing professionally, they have mixed perceptions about the direction of the field and faith in the American Music Therapy Association.
Mexican American Values and Therapeutic Alliance in Music Therapy
Authors: Deleon Marisa
Published: November 2023

The process of building rapport with clients varies across cultures. There are roles, values, and social expectations that music therapists must be aware of to establish a meaningful therapeutic alliance. As music therapy becomes more accessible along the Texas-Mexico border, we must consider how cultural values present in this community may impact therapeutic alliance with clients and families. The purpose of this article is to describe how familismo, confianza and personalismo values have been observed in the context of music therapy in this Mexican American community and how they have shaped both the therapeutic relationship and the role of a music therapist. Through two composite vignettes, this article seeks to (1) recognize the cultural and psychosocial needs of thiscommunity; (2) initiate discourse for a culture-centered framework of music therapy practice in the Rio Grande Valley and South Texas regions; and (3) provide clinical considerations for building therapeutic rapport with clients in this community.