bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Domination and Power Relations in Brazilian Agriculture: A Gender Analysis of the Concept of Adequate Food
Authors: Kuhnen Tânia Aparecida , Rosendo Daniela
Published: December 2018

The main subject of this paper is the concept of adequate food defined by the Brazilian Law No 11.346/06, whose implications are discussed through a gender – especially ecofeminist – lens. The Law defines the right to food that is also considered a fundamental right in the Brazilian Constitution. At the same time, the Brazilian economy is centered on crops production in a large-scale farming system for exportation. Based on that, the following question is addressed: is the concept of adequate food compatible with the economic privilege attributed to the massive agricultural system and to factory farms? The aim is to show that they are incompatible and the alternative is a defense of organic family farming and a plant-based diet, as it is presented in the  “Dietary Guidelines for the Brazilian Population” (2014). Another problem that arises from this issue is that agriculture in this large-scale dimension reflects structures of power and domination (Karen J. Warren) and animals used for corpse eating disappears, becoming absent referents (Carol J. Adams). It reflects the structure of a patriarchal society, where men have power over women, animals, and plants. The hypothesis is that in family farming women can participate more in the decision-making process, reflecting equality and justice in the private sphere. For that, the Special Reports on adequate food will be considered, mainly the one related to the mission of the Special Rapporteur to Brazil, whose analysis brings information on the gender category. This analysis draws attention to the situation of women in their struggles to fulfill the right to adequate food.
Synthesis and spectroscopic study of transition metal complexes of tridentate ligand formed by direct condensation of o-vanillin and 2-aminophenol: X-ray structural characterization of the zinc(II) complex
Authors: Gueye Amadou , Tamboura Farba Bouyagui , Planeix Jean-Marc , Gruber Nathalie , Gaye Mohamed
Published: December 2018

The reactions of the Schiff base 2-((2-hydroxyphenylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (H2L), obtained by direct condensation of 2-aminophenol and 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, with some transition  metal ions (Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)) afforded complexes of general formulae [M2(L)2(solvent)x] (M: Mn, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn; Solvent: DMSO or H2O). These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis, IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopies, molar conductivity and room temperature magnetic measurements. The structure of zinc(II) complex has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data for C32H34N2O8S2Zn2 (M =769.47 g/mol): Orthorhombic, space group Pbca (no. 61), a = 16.3176(7) Å, b = 9.1247(3) Å, c = 21.8274(10) Å, V = 3250.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, T = 173(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 1.658 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.573 g/cm3, 28116 reflections measured (4.5° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 60.3°), 4457 unique (Rint = 0.0409, Rsigma = 0.0371) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0307(0.0466) and wR2 was 0.0649 (0.0701) (all data). The coordination sphere of the Zn center is best described as a trigonal bipyramid.
Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure of platinum(II) complexes with thiourea derivative ligands
Authors: Keskin Ebru , Solmaz Ummuhan , Binzet Gun , Gumus Ilkay , Arslan Hakan
Published: December 2018

Thiourea derivatives [N-(di-n-propylcarbamothioyl)-4-fluorobenzamide (HL1) and N-(di-n-propylcarbamothioyl)-4-bromobenzamide (HL2)] and their platinum complexes have been successfully synthesized and structurally characterized by spectroscopic 1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY, HMQC, and FT-IR techniques. The structure of both complexes was also confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The study of X-ray single crystal diffraction shows that the supramolecular aggregation of the complexes is stabilized via weak interactions as well as stacking interactions such as C-H···π and π···π. The cis-[Pt(L1-S,O)2 showed C–H···π and π···π stacking interactions, whereas only C–H···π stacking interaction was observed in cis-[Pt(L2-S,O)2]. In addition, the strong classical and non-classical intermolecular hydrogen bonds are not found in the prepared complexes. Therefore, it can be said that the C–H···π and π···π stacking interactions play an important role in the formation of supramolecular structures of the complexes.
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: December 2018

Editorial Board
Investigating Science Teacher Candidates’ Assessment Practices Using Teacher Performance Assessment (edTPA)
Authors: Kimori David
Published: December 2018

The emerging paradigm in assessment argues for teachers to assess student thinking, as opposed to factual recall, thus calling for alternative-performance, project, and portfolio-based assessments that align with constructivist and sociocultural views of learning (Resnick & Resnick, 1992; Shepard, 2000). In this study, three science teacher candidates’ experience in assessing students is documented. Data analysis was from open-prompt surveys, 15 Teacher Performance Assessment edTPA artifacts collected from the three teacher candidates, and individual interviews. Findings indicated that science teacher candidates made deliberate efforts in giving students feedback to guide their learning but they struggled with strategies that encourage students to appropriately use that feedback once given to them. We argue that broadening how teacher candidates analyze assessment and feedback given to students in science classes should not only indicate correct or incorrect responses, but also act as a guide for future learning and reveal students’ strengths.
Innovation of teacher induction: Review on regional standardized training of beginning teachers in Shanghai
Authors: Zhao Xuan
Published: December 2018

Since 2012, Shanghai has promoted regional standardized training of beginning teachers (RSTBT) for 6 years. Regional Education Bureau (REB), Teachers Training Colleges (TTC), kindergartens, primary and secondary schools (K-12 schools) of all 18 Districts have taken part in this program. Y district lied in the northeast of Shanghai. Its regional education bureau and teacher′s training college promoted inductive training for new teachers, and finally accumulated rich experience in teacher induction.
Morbid Obesity Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Wound Complications and Infection After Lower Extremity Soft-tissue Sarcoma Resection
Authors: Houdek Matthew T. , Hevesi Mario , Griffin Anthony M. , Wunder Jay S. , Ferguson Peter C.
Published: December 2018

Background:

Obesity is associated with wound complications after lower extremity surgery. Excision of soft-tissue sarcomas is urgent, and unlike the elective surgery, obesity cannot be modified preoperatively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of obesity on treatment outcome.

Methods:

Six hundred fifty-three patients (343 men; mean age, 56 ± 18 years) with a lower extremity soft-tissue sarcoma were reviewed. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.1 ± 5.7 kg/m2, with 189 obese patients (29%) having a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2 and 27 morbidly obese patients (4%) having a BMI of ≥40 kg/m2. Complications and functional and oncologic outcomes were compared between groups.

Results:

Two hundred eighty-five patients (40%) sustained a postoperative complication, most commonly a dehiscence (n = 175; 24%) and infection (n = 147; 21%). On multivariate analysis, morbid obesity was associated with wound complications (P = 0.002) and infection (P = 0.01). Morbid obesity was not associated with local tumor recurrence (P = 0.56). No difference was found in the mean Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (P = 0.11) or Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (P = 0.41) scores between the groups.

Discussion:

Morbid obesity was associated with postoperative wound complications and infection. However, after surgery, obese patients can expect no difference in oncologic outcome, with an excellent functional result.
Lower Complication Rate Following Ankle Fracture Fixation by Orthopaedic Surgeons Versus Podiatrists
Authors: Chan Jeremy Y. , Truntzer Jeremy N. , Gardner Michael J. , Bishop Julius A.
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Increased overlap in the scope of practice between orthopaedic surgeons and podiatrists has led to increased podiatric treatment of foot and ankle injuries. However, a paucity of studies exists in the literature comparing orthopaedic and podiatric outcomes following ankle fracture fixation.

Methods:

Using an insurance claims database, 11,745 patients who underwent ankle fracture fixation between 2007 and 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. Patient data were analyzed based on the provider type. Complications were identified by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes, and revision surgeries were identified by the Current Procedural Terminology codes. Complications analyzed included malunion/nonunion, infection, deep vein thrombosis, and rates of irrigation and débridement. Risk factors for complications were compared using the Charlson Comorbidity Index.

Results:

Overall, 11,115 patients were treated by orthopaedic surgeons and 630 patients were treated by podiatrists. From 2007 to 2015, the percentage of ankle fractures surgically treated by podiatrists had increased, whereas that treated by orthopaedic surgeons had decreased. Surgical treatment by podiatrists was associated with higher malunion/nonunion rates among all types of ankle fractures. No differences in complications were observed in patients with unimalleolar fractures. In patients with bimalleolar or trimalleolar fractures, treatment by a podiatrist was associated with higher malunion/nonunion rates. Patients treated by orthopaedic surgeons versus podiatrists had similar comorbidity profiles.

Discussion:

Surgical treatment of ankle fractures by orthopaedic surgeons was associated with lower rates of malunion/nonunion when compared with that by podiatrists. The reasons for these differences are likely multifactorial but warrants further investigation. Our findings have important implications in patients who must choose a surgeon to surgically manage their ankle fracture, as well as policymakers who determine the scope of practice.

Level of Evidence:

Level III—retrospective cohort study
The Readiness of Smokers to Quit Smoking
Authors: Dwi Jatmika Septian Emma , Maulana Muchsin , Kuntoro Kuntoro , Martini Santi , Anjani Beni Setya
Published: December 2018

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to find out the archives of smokers' readiness to quit smoking after the application of the Smoke-free House (RBAR) program.

MATERIAL & METHODS: This type of research is a descriptive analytic study by using cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in a hamlet neighborhood (RW) that had been implementing RBAR program, and were selected randomly. They are RW 8 Tegal Panggung, RW 5 Tegal Panggung, RW 11 Ngupasan, RW 12 Bumijeo, RW 11 Gowongan. The samples were taken by cluster random sampling technique and obtained 70 heads of families with criteria of willing to be respondents, family heads (male), active smokers and permanent residents who lives in the study site since the RBAR program was first set in 2010. Data analysis was done by chi-square test.

RESULTS: The result shows that attitudes has significant relation to the readiness of smokers to quit smoking after the application of the RBAR program (p value = 0.030).

DISCUSSION & CONCLUSIONS: The carried out interventions can be adjusted to the stages of the smokers’ behavior change process.
The Variability of the Tunisian Real Exchange Rate
Authors: Hadhek Zouhaier , Sakli Hniya , Lassoued Tahar
Published: December 2018

This article presents an estimate of the equilibrium real exchange rate for Tunisia using the model of Edwards (1998) and Elbadawi (1994). We calculate the distortion between the actual RER and the equilibrium RER and the misalignments related thereto. The study period was marked by phases of overvaluation and undervaluation of the RER.
The Relationship Between Language Learning Strategies and Vocabulary Size Among High School ELL Students
Authors: Rabadi Reem Ibrahim
Published: December 2018

This study inspects the relationship between language learning strategies (LLS) of 905 Jordanian high school ELL students and their vocabulary size. The data are collected through two instruments: First, a questionnaire of 35 items and 3 types of strategies (metacognitive, cognitive, and social-affective strategies) were adapted from the Strategy Inventory Learning (SILL, Version 7.0) by Oxford (2005) to evaluate language learning strategies. Second, the Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT): Version 2 by Schmitt (2001) to gauge the vocabulary size by measuring the 2,000 word-level, 3,000 word-level, 5,000 word-level, 10,000 word-level, and Academic Word (AWL) level of the students. The results of the descriptive analysis revealed that the students’ overall LLS was at a moderate strategy use. Concerning their use of strategies, the most used strategies were metacognitive, followed by cognitive strategies, and the least used strategies were social-affective strategies. In addition, the effect of their vocabulary size on the use of LLS was identified. Students with high vocabulary size applied more language learning strategies and specific strategies more than students with low vocabulary size. The students’ use of LLS had a positive and significant correlation with their vocabulary size. Students with higher vocabulary size were able to employ strategies to manage and control their learning, in addition, to observe their learning better than students with lower vocabulary size. All together for students to be better in learning English, they are required to enhance their vocabulary because of its substantial relationship with language learning strategies.
Sound Shift and Metathesis in Three Pre-School Nasiriya Iraqi Arabic Children: A Case Study
Authors: Betti Mohammed Jasim , Igaab Zainab Kadim
Published: December 2018

This study is a case study which describes the speech of three pre-school Nasiriya Iraqi Arabic children. The data of this study are collected through tape-recording them. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the phonetic processes which exist in the informants’ speech include assimilation, elision, gemination, nasalization and tafxiim and the main ones are sound shift and metathesis. It has been noted that the study informants pronounce some consonants which are difficult to be pronounced by other children living in the same city; those consonants are either regularly shifted to in the production of other consonants or as part of ordinary words containing such sounds. Sometimes, more than one process is available in the production of some words. The consonantal changes existing in the informants’ speech are many compared with the vocalic ones which are very few.
A Corpus-Based Study of Semantic Collocations of the Verb “Feel” in English Public Speaking Setting: Chinese EFL V.S Native Speakers
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Zou Yufeng
Published: December 2018

As great importance has been given to English in China, English public speaking is becoming an important part in students’ English learning. Meanwhile, many forms of English speaking contests have been flourishing in China over two decades. However, analysis of semantic prosodies in public speaking setting is relatively complex and subjective due to the difficulties in describing the evaluative meanings and the attitudes as intended by the speaker. This paper is a contrastive study of semantic prosody of the word feel which was concordanced from two sub corpora (CES_S and CES_C) from a self-built corpus (Corpus of English Speeches(CES)), aiming to explicitly reveal how EFL learners are different from native speaker when using a word with specific semantic prosody in English public speaking setting. The results show that there is no significant difference between Chinese students (EFL learners) and U.S and UK celebrities (Native English speakers) when they use the word feel with positive semantic preference in the context of delivering a speech, but EFL learners tend to express more positive emotions towards their counterparts than they do to themselves. In addition, the EFL learners have higher frequencies in using the word feel with the negative environment than the native English speaker do. This paper thus offers additional information on choosing the right semantic collocation and provide instructional guidance for English public speaking teaching and learning in China.
American Orientalist Discourse: the Linguistic Formation and Transformation
Authors: Altwaiji Mubarak
Published: December 2018

The Middle East region had been the epicentre of American orientalist discourse since the American independence from Britain. After independence, American linguists, travellers, missionaries, politicians, sailors and traders scrutinized the anarchy and uncertainty of that region and employed them to produce works that prioritized American identity formation. This research rests on conducting an analysis of how American orientalism was created and how the various encounters between Arabs and America affected the linguistic course of this academia. This study considers the major encounters in the course of Arab-America relationship that brought major transformations to orientalism such as: the Barbary war, the creation of Israel, oil and terrorism. Since the American independence, American orientalism focused on building American identity in comparison with Arabs and their practices. Modern American orientalism has undergone various and huge transformations resulted mostly from formidable threats to American interests and the American retaliations to those threats. These encounters, whether political, economic or military, brought representation of Arabs to the top of American orientalist agenda and left a huge impact on image of Arabs in literature. Therefore, this study is based on the analysis of these different factors in order to know the different perspectives of this orientalism through its different stages.
Dictogloss as a Technique to Raise EFL College Students’ Knowledge of Grammar, Writing and the Comprehension of Meaning
Authors: Al-Obaydi Liqaa Habeb , Al-Mosawi Fatima Raheem
Published: December 2018

Dictogloss is a classroom activity where all the four skills work together. The present study is an experimental one where a group of twelve students was taught by the researchers. The researchers train students to use dictogloss technique for twelve lectures. In each lecture, they used a new authentic text with a new focus on a specific role of grammar. The study aims at; finding out the impact of using dictogloss technique on Iraqi EFL college students’ knowledge of grammar, determining the impact of using dictogloss technique on Iraqi EFL college students’ improvement of writing, determining if there is any impact of using dictogloss technique on EFL college student’s comprehension of meaning and determining students’ attitudes toward using dictogloss in English language teaching. Four measurement tools were used in this study; an achievement test, a reflection sheet used at the end of each lecture, a questionnaire, and in addition to the teacher’s daily observation. Final results of the study clarify that there is a positive impact of dictogloss technique on the three variables in addition to the positive attitudes of students towards using dictogloss in English language teaching. So, the hypotheses of the study are rejected.
A Semantic Study of Dummy Subjects in Dickens’ Novel Hard Times
Authors: Alwan Zainab Hussein
Published: December 2018

To be required for some grammatical properties, dummy elements have lost their lexical meaning. They have no sense of their own. However, such items have meaning in context. They play essential roles in the general semantic structure of sentences.

This study attempts to confirm that dummy constructions can have some semantic meaning and there is no matter how abstract they are. It also highlights the functions of inserting these elements to satisfy the structural and semantic needs in Charles Dickens’ novel Hard Times.
An Empowerment Tool for Teaching English Effectively to Refugees: A Case Study of Syrian Adult Refugees in the UK
Authors: Alhussain Aisha M.
Published: December 2018

There is a growing demand today to fill the gap in the literature with studies that focus on teaching English to adult refugees who are illiterate or have had interrupted education and no English proficiency. This group has been ignored because ESOL courses are not designed to serve their needs, namely, to be self-reliant and socially integrated. This paper shares my personal experience with six Syrian adult refugees, 2 females and 4 males ranging in age from 26 to 52, with either interrupted elementary education or illiteracy. They had no English language proficiency and could neither speak nor understand English at all. Their first language was Arabic. The rote learning approach was used as an empowerment tool to teach self-reliance in speaking and listening when dealing with these participants’ priority themes. The approach is based on memorization using both repetition and recall. Their remarks of progress towards self-reliance varied due to age and motivational factors. Four participants moved from A0 level to A1+, while the other two reached A2 level. Gaining self-reliance helped them to socially integrate, find a job, and gain greater self-confidence. Results of the study might be useful to teachers who are involved in teaching English to refugees as volunteers and to refugees’ organizations to shift from relying totally on interpretation to rote learning when specifically dealing with this group of refugees.
Content Analysis of Turkish Job Satisfaction Studies in the Field of Sports Management: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Study
Authors: ILGAR Ebru ARAÇ
Published: December 2018

This study is a meta-synthesis research, which focuses on studies conducted in the field of sports management and featured job satisfaction variable. In this study, a total of 22 studies, which were conducted between 2000 and 2017, were examined and the findings were presented in certain themes after applying meta-synthesis research method processes. In order to determine whether a study should be included in the analysis, Educational Resources Information Centre (ERIC), Google Scholar Search Engine, YÖK (The Council of Higher Education) National Thesis Centre, Dergipark and TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council) Ulakbim databases were employed. Studies were thoroughly examined regarding their research methods, sample groups, analysis data usage, and findings. In conclusion, within the context of its analyses, this research is envisioned to guide future studies and help increase job satisfaction awareness in the field of sports management.
Strategies for Enhancing the Productivity of Secondary School Teachers in South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Etomes Sophie E. , Molua Ernest L.
Published: December 2018

This study investigates strategies used by principals for enhancing the productivity of secondary school teachers in selected government secondary schools in Cameroon. Four major strategies were examined. These include motivation, conflict resolution, supervisory and communication strategies and the extent to which they influence teachers’ productivity. Four research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Questionnaire was used to collect data from 350 teachers selected from a population of 1400 teachers in government secondary schools in Fako Division of the South West Region of Cameroon. The multi-stage sampling technique was used to select teachers for the study. Results showed that, principals’ communication, conflict management, supervisory and motivation strategies influence the productivity of teachers in Government Secondary Schools. Of the four strategies examined, conflict management strategy was found to have more influence on the productivity of teachers. Principals’ strategies have a direct relationship with teachers’ productivity. Therefore, there is a possible correlation between principals’ leadership and management strategies, teachers’ productivity and school effectiveness. In addition, effective collaboration amongst teachers is necessary for teachers’ effectiveness. It is recommended that principals should put in strategies that will enhance effective communication, conflict management, motivation and supervision to improve on the productivity of teachers.
Teachers’ Perceptions on Factors Influence Adoption of Formative Assessment
Authors: Alotaibi Khalid Abdullah
Published: December 2018

Even though teachers has positive attitude towards formative assessment, their perceptions on factors influence the adoption of formative assessment is crucial to implement various assessment strategies effectively. Therefore, survey conducted on perceptions of primary school teachers in Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia regarding 14 selected factors. By stratified random sampling, data is gathered from the teachers of 15 schools located in the Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia. 210 fully completed questionnaires are received. Interrelated factors also discussed with a sample of 25 teachers. Teachers slightly agreed on all the given factors. However, significant perceptional differences between teachers groups are intervened that mainly attributed to male and female teachers, teachers who attended training and not attended, younger and elder teachers, less tenured and more tenured teachers, and the teachers of different subjects. This study results is noteworthy for understanding the perceptions of teachers on factors influence adoption of formative assessment in primary schools. Factors deliberated in this study are useful to the school management to address the challenges of teachers in formative assessment that would help to minimize the barriers for effective implementation of formative assessment.
Hydrogenated Nano-Crystalline Silicon Thin Films in SiO2 Matrix for Next Generation Solar Cells Using Glow Discharged Decomposition
Authors: Syed Moniruzzaman , Hynes Cameron , Anderson Brittany , Ahmadi Temer S , Goh Boon Tong , Nazarudin Nur Fatin Farhanah Binti , Syed Muhtadyuzzaman , Ali Atif Mossad
Published: December 2018

Hydrogenated Nanocrystalline Silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films using SiH4/H2 mixture by glow discharged decomposition were investigated on c-Si and glass substrates. The effects of substrate temperature on the Structural, Optical and Electrical properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, FT/IR, Optical transmission and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Substrate temperatures ([TSB]) of the films were changed from 100oC to 250oC. It has been revealed the strong dependence on the film’s properties with the substrate temperatures. XRD and Raman measurements were shown that the higher substrate temperature (250oC) exhibits the highest crystalline volume fraction ([ρ] = 95%) and the lowest crystalline size ([Ω] = 3.5 nm) as well, having the highest H-content and the lowest O-content. At 250oC, the lowest mobility and the highest resistivity were also found to be ~37.5 cm2/v.s and 7.35 Ω-cm. Refractive index and the optical energy gap (Eg) were estimated by 3.8 and 1.9 eV having the growth rate of 4.2 nm/min. At 250oC, it was resulted in a blue shift of the absorption edge having uniform grain distributions. Results indicate that in situ hydrogen cleaning effects is prominent and localized orderly high density Si-Si bonds are exhibiting quantum size effects at highest substrate temperature.
Influence of Transformational Leadership Style on Global Competitive Advantage through Innovation and Knowledge
Authors: AlOwais Tuqa Mohamed
Published: December 2018

Today's business organizations necessitate a new leader who can easily confront a new business approach that mainly based on knowledge and innovation to simplify the organization's path toward global marketing trend. Still; organizations sometimes flop to reach sustainable global competitive advantage due to their imperfect consideration of the relationships between these strategic variables.

In fact, and up to our knowledge, few researches has consider and examine the direct and indirect associations linking these variables. Our study tries to fill this gap by investigating, theoretically and empirically, how the leader's discernment of diverse intermediary strategic variables related to innovation and knowledge (knowledge slake, absorptive capacity, tacitness) and innovation impact the relation between transformational leadership and organizational global competitive advantage. Based on recently published researchers, we developed a theoretical model that demonstrate the actual connection linking these variables.

Most of the data has been collected through secondary resources including journals, books and related research papers. While a questionnaire was used to collect data samples from 50 respondents from Telecommunication Regulatory Authority leaders and employees in UAE, model testing also conscious the findings and deliver some conclusion from business leaders to confirm the relations tested among this research.
Role of Zarqa University in Improving the Quality of the Services Provided to the Local Community in Zarqa Governorate
Authors: Masadeh Majed Abdel-Mohdi
Published: December 2018

The study aimed to identify the role of Zarqa university in improving the quality of the services provided to the local community in Zarqa governorate. The study also sought to identify the degree of the university's interest in the quality of its services provided to the local community from the perspective of its employees, and have been using the scientific method, which combines the descriptive method and analytical method, so the researcher designed a questionnaire for this purpose, based on some previous studies related to the study, and the questionnaire included in its final form on (45) paragraph, and was test the sincerity of the instrument and its stability, and the stability coefficient of the total instrument is (0. 867). The study was conducted on the members of the faculty and administrative staff at the Zarqa University (580), due to the study population size is large, the researcher resorted to select a stratified random sample with percentage (25%) of the total study population, where the final sample is (98) member of faculty and administrative. The study found a number of results was the most important: that there were no statistically significant differences at the of significance level (≥ α 0.05), between the responses of the employees of Zarqa University about the role of Zarqa university in improving the quality of the services provided to the local community in Zarqa governorate attributed to some personal and functional characteristics represented by (gender, specialty of faculty, Scientific qualification, and experience years).
Study on the Topic Mining and Dynamic Visualization in View of LDA Model
Authors: Xie Ting , Qin Ping , Zhu Libo
Published: December 2018

Text topic mining and visualization are the basis for clustering the topics， distinguishing front topics and hot topics. This paper constructs the LDA topic model based on Python language and researches topic mining， clustering and dynamic visualization，taking the metrology of Library and information science in 2017 as an example. In this model，parameter and parameter are estimated by Gibbs sampling，and the best topic number was determined by coherence scores. The topic mining based on the LDA model can well simulate the semantic information of the large corpus，and make the corpus not limited to the key words. The bubble bar graph of the topic-words can present the many-to-many dynamic relationships between the topic and words.
Impact of road transport on soil physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations in the bark of purple willow (Salix purpurea L.)
Authors: Sugier Piotr , Sugier Danuta
Published: December 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of road transport on soil physicochemical characteristics and concentration of heavy metals in the bark of purple willow. The study was carried out at two groups of sites situated along a national road at a distance of 5–10 m and ca. 100 m from the road. At each of the sites, annual willow shoots were cut and surface soil samples were taken. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, and Cd in bark samples were measured and of K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Cd in the soil. The concentrations of Mn and Pb were predictably higher in soils located near the road, which may indicate an impact of road transport on the soil content of these metals. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, and Cd in S. purpurea bark from the sites located at distances of 5–10 m and ca. 100 m from the road were similar. However, the Cd concentration in the bark exceeded the maximum permissible concentration in the dried material, despite the low Cd concentrations in the soils at of all the sampling sites. It is important to pay due attention to the concentrations of this heavy metal in this plant material when it is intended for pharmaceutical use, even in that obtained from plants growing on soils qualifying as “uncontaminated”. Salix purpurea used for Salicis cortex should therefore be cultivated under controlled conditions.
Impact of effective microorganisms on weed infestation and yield of peppermint cultivated on muck-peat soil
Authors: Borowy Andrzej , Kapłan Magdalena , Krawiec Marcela
Published: December 2018

Peppermint (Mentha ×piperita L.) rootstock cuttings with 9–11 internodes were planted on April 10, 2014 in rows 50 cm apart and with 25-cm distance in the row, on well fertilized muck-peat soil containing 82.1% of organic matter with a pH of 5.9. Peppermint plants were sprayed once with an activated EM-1 preparation, then on two or three further occasions as follows: at 10 cm height (May 10), at branching stage (May 29), and during rapid growth (June 19). EM did not affect peppermint growth or yield. Yields of the fresh and dry herb were high (means: 15,563 and 2,661 kg ha−1, respectively) and characterized by a medium (1.85–1.90%) essential oil content in the dry herb. Twenty-nine compounds were identified in the oil and its main components were menthol (53.1–58.5%), menthone (14.6–16.8%), isomenthone (6.3–6.7%), menthyl acetate (4.0–5.0%), germacrene D (2.3–3.4%), ß-caryophyllene (1.8–2.4%), viridiflorol (1.5–2.3%), and 1,8-cyneole (0.3–3.7%). EM did not affect the content of essential oil in the dry herb or the oil composition (except for 1,8-cyneole). Thirty-four days after planting, 22 weed species grew in the experimental plots and the dominant were common meadow grass (Poa pratensis L.) accounting for 20% of total weed population, annual meadow grass (Poa annua L.) 17%, common chickweed [Stellaria media (L.) Vill.] 20%, creeping yellowcress [Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser] 8%, hairy galinsoga [Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) S. F. Blake] 7%, gallant soldiers (Galinsoga parviflora Cav.) 6%, Canadian horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.] 6%, common groundsel (Senecio vulgaris L.) 5%, and annual nettle (Urtica urens L.) 5%. Other species occurred sporadically. The total number and fresh weight of weeds growing on 1 m2 were 412 and 246 g on plots treated with EM and 389 and 227 g on control plots, respectively, but the differences were not statistically significant.
Two additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands in the maritime Antarctic
Authors: Wierzgoń Mariusz , Suchan Tomasz , Ronikier Michał
Published: December 2018

Tortella fragilis (Drumm.) Limpr. (Pottiaceae) and Bryum nivale Müll. Hal. (Bryaceae) are recorded for the first time from the South Shetland Islands in the northern maritime Antarctic. They were discovered in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, the largest island of this archipelago. The two species are briefly characterized morphologically, their habitats are described, and their distribution in the Antarctic is mapped. Discovery of these species has increased the documented moss flora of King George Island to 67 species, strengthening it in the leading position among individual areas with the richest diversity of moss flora in Antarctica. Likewise, T. fragilis and B. nivale represent remarkable additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands, which currently consists of 92 species and one variety, making this archipelago by far the richest bryofloristically amongst large geographic regions of the Antarctic. Comparison of recent (2018) and old (1985) photographs revealed a significant retreat of glacial cover and suggests that the collection site was likely opened for colonization only within the last several decades. The record of T. fragilis is biogeographically relevant, and constitutes an intermediate site between the species’ occurrences in the Antarctic Peninsula and southern South America. The present record of B. nivale is the fourth discovery of the species worldwide, which may be helpful for the future designation of the distribution of this extremely rare species.
A contribution to the knowledge of bryophytes in polar areas subjected to rapid deglaciation: a case study from southeastern Spitsbergen
Authors: Stebel Adam , Ochyra Ryszard , Konstantinova Nadezhda A. , Ziaja Wiesław , Ostafin Krzysztof , Maciejowski Wojciech
Published: December 2018

The paper provides a list of 54 species of bryophytes (48 mosses and six liverworts) collected from Spitsbergen, the largest island of the Arctic Svalbard archipelago (Norwegian Arctic), in 2016. They were collected mainly from its southeastern coast (Sørkapp Land and Torell Land), which has been rapidly abandoned by glaciers in the last few decades and is heavily under-investigated bryologically. The most interesting and phytogeographically important findings are the mosses Bryum salinum, Campylium longicuspis, Coscinodon cribrosus, Orthogrimmia sessitana, Pogonatum dentatum, Polytrichum juniperinum, Sanionia georgicouncinata, Schistidium frigidum, and S. pulchrum, and the liverwort Cephalozia bicuspidata. For each species, a short taxonomic and phytogeographical comment is provided, and the distribution of 12 rare or otherwise phytogeographically interesting species in Svalbard is shown on maps.
Feasibility of hyperspectral vegetation indices for the detection of chlorophyll concentration in three high Arctic plants: Salix polaris, Bistorta vivipara, and Dryas octopetala
Authors: Zagajewski Bogdan , Kycko Marlena , Tømmervik Hans , Bochenek Zbigniew , Wojtuń Bronisław , Bjerke Jarle W. , Kłos Andrzej
Published: December 2018

Remote sensing, which is based on a reflected electromagnetic spectrum, offers a wide range of research methods. It allows for the identification of plant properties, e.g., chlorophyll, but a registered signal not only comes from green parts but also from dry shoots, soil, and other objects located next to the plants. It is, thus, important to identify the most applicable remote-acquired indices for chlorophyll detection in polar regions, which play a primary role in global monitoring systems but consist of areas with high and low accessibility. This study focuses on an analysis of in situ-acquired hyperspectral properties, which was verified by simultaneously measuring the chlorophyll concentration in three representative arctic plant species, i.e., the prostrate deciduous shrub Salix polaris, the herb Bistorta vivipara, and the prostrate semievergreen shrub Dryas octopetala. This study was conducted at the high Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, Norway. Of the 23 analyzed candidate vegetation and chlorophyll indices, the following showed the best statistical correlations with the optical measurements of chlorophyll concentration: Vogelmann red edge index 1, 2, 3 (VOG 1, 2, 3), Zarco-Tejada and Miller index (ZMI), modified normalized difference vegetation index 705 (mNDVI 705), modified normalized difference index (mND), red edge normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI 705), and Gitelson and Merzlyak index 2 (GM 2). An assessment of the results from this analysis indicates that S. polaris and B. vivipara were in good health, while the health status of D. octopetala was reduced. This is consistent with other studies from the same area. There were also differences between study sites, probably as a result of local variation in environmental conditions. All these indices may be extracted from future satellite missions like EnMAP (Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program) and FLEX (Fluorescence Explorer), thus, enabling the efficient monitoring of vegetation condition in vast and inaccessible polar areas.
Cyanobacterial and green algal assemblages in various tundra habitats in the high Arctic (West Spitsbergen, Norway)
Authors: Richter Dorota Lidia , Matuła Jan , Pietryka Mirosława , Wojtuń Bronisław , Zwolicki Adrian , Zmudczyńska-Skarbek Katarzyna , Stempniewicz Lech
Published: December 2018

The diversity of cyanobacteria and algae from various microhabitats in Spitsbergen is comparatively well known. However, the relationships between environmental factors and the structure of microflora communities remain largely unclear. This study was conducted in Hornsund Bay, which exhibits large variability in the physicochemical characteristics of habitats, particularly with regard to the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus. This variability, to a large degree, is caused by seabird colonies, which fertilize nutrient-poor terrestrial ecosystems near their nesting areas. The large variations in ecological conditions and vegetation types in the study area aid assessment of habitats representing different combinations of factors potentially influencing the formation of cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of physicochemical parameters on the taxonomic composition and diversity of green algae and cyanobacteria (particularly the coccoid, oscillatorialean, and heterocystous taxa). The study encompassed two groups of habitats – soil surface habitats and water-saturated habitats, both characterized by diverse influences of seabird colonies, vegetation cover, and moisture. Our results showed that taxonomic diversity and composition of cyanobacteria and algae were mainly influenced by P–PO43−, N–NH4+ and Ca2+ (soil surface habitats), and NO3−, as well as moisture (index of wetness) and pH (water-saturated habitats). The variability of these physicochemical properties was largely due to the variability of the seabird colony influence. Taken together, our findings aid in understanding the processes of formation of phycoflora assemblages in Arctic tundra.
Seed germination and invasion success of Poa annua L. in Antarctica
Authors: Rudak Agnieszka , Galera Halina , Znój Anna , Chwedorzewska Katarzyna J. , Wódkiewicz Maciej
Published: December 2018

One of the first steps to successful invasion of plant species that reproduce sexually is seed germination, which may be highly influenced by climatic conditions. We studied Poa annua, a cosmopolitan species found across all climatic zones and the only alien species that has successfully colonized the Antarctic. Our research questions were: (i) if harsh polar conditions restrict seed germination of P. annua and (ii) if the germination capacity of the Antarctic population of the species is due to high germination aptitude in the source population. We compared germination of seeds collected from eight populations around the world (maritime Antarctica, S Chile, W Argentina and E Argentina, NE USA, SW Croatia, C Poland and S Poland). We followed germination of seeds collected in the field and acquired from plants cultivated under unified optimal conditions. We found significant differences between populations in germination characteristics of seeds collected in the field. These could be associated with seed ripening in different locations. Seeds obtained under favorable conditions differed in stratification requirements. The germination potential of the Antarctic population is lowered by unfavorable polar conditions impacting seed maturation. Thus, the species’ invasion in the Antarctic seems highly restricted by the harsh environment. Environmental unsuitability may restrict invasions of other species in the same way potentially. However, this environmental barrier protecting Antarctica from invasions may be broken under a climate warming scenario.
Axial Inlet Geometry Effects on the Flow Structures in a Cyclone Burner Related to the Combustion Performance of Biomass Particles
Authors: Pasymi P. , Budhi Yogi Wibisono , Bindar Yazid
Published: December 2018

Solid fuel combustion is always preceded by chemical decomposition. This process is largely determined by the flow structure and affected by the geometry and operating conditions of the combustion chamber. This study aimed to investigate the effect of relative axial inlet diameter (Dai//Dbc) on the flow structure in the proposed cyclone burner. The flow structure was determined with the standard k-e turbulent model using the Ansys-Fluent software. From the simulation results it was concluded that with all the axial inlet diameters used an integrated vortex formed in the center of the burner cylinder. The integrated vortex consisted of two vortices, namely a primary vortex and a secondary vortex. The primary vortex penetrated from the furnace box to the burner cylinder, while the secondary vortex was formed in the burner cylinder itself. There were two integration patterns from the primary vortex and the secondary vortex, namely a summation pattern and a multilayer pattern. The presence of a vortex in the center of the burner cylinder is allegedly responsible for an increase in the degree of mixing and pressure drop in that zone. The flow structure induced from the proposed burner had high symmetricity and was largely determined by the burner's axial inlet diameter.
Constructing Historical Justice Discourse in Lithuanian and Russian Press in Lithuania: The Case of Holocaust
Authors: Marcinkevičius Andrius
Published: December 2018

World War II in general and Holocaust in particular are important topics of the debate in the Lithuanian public discourse. Due to that the Lithuanian and Russian press is seen by the author not just as a significant source of information, but also as a peculiar tool for structuring knowledge about Lithuania’s historical past. The article reveals that the perception of Holocaust history is changing in the Lithuanian and Russian press in recent years by rethinking of the dominant Lithuanian historical narrative and representing diverse approaches to the role of Lithuanians in collaboration with the Nazi regime. The Holocaust Discourse is constructed as important experience in considering and strengthening the human rights protection discourse in Lithuania as well. The article is based on selected texts published in 2016 by online daily DELFI and printed newspapers in the Lithuanian and Russian languages (150 publications in total).