bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ceramic Thickness on the Bond Strength to Resin-Luting Agents before and after Thermal Cycling
Authors: Souza Carolina Rodrigues de , Costa Ana Rosa , Borges Lincoln Pires Silva , Ferraz Analia Gabriella Borges , consani Rafael Leonardo Xediek , Pacheco Rafael Rocha , Correr Américo Bortolazzo , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study investigated microshear bond strength (µSBS) of two (2) dual-cured resin-luting agents (RelyX™ Ultimate and RelyX™ U200) when photoactivated through varying thicknesses of lithium disilicate, with or without thermal cycling. Discs of IPS e.max Press of 0.5, 1.5, and 2 mm in thickness were obtained. Elastomer molds (3.0 mm in thickness) with four cylinder-shaped orifices 1.0 mm in diameter, were placed onto the ceramic surfaces and filled with resin-luting agents. A Mylar strip, glass plate, and load of 250 grams were placed over the filled mold. The load was removed and the resin-luting agents were photoactivated through the ceramics using a single-peak LED (Radii Plus.) All samples were stored in distilled water at 37oC for 24 h. Half of the samples were subjected to thermal cycling (3,000 cycles; 5ºC and 55ºC). All samples were then submitted to µSBS test using a universal testing machine (Instron 4411) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were submitted to three-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc test (α=0.05). The mean µSBS at 24 h was significantly higher than after thermal cycling (p<0.05). No statistical difference was found between resin-luting agents (p > 0.05). The mean µSBS for groups photoactivated through 0.5 mm ceramic were significantly higher than 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm (p < 0.05). In conclusion, increased ceramic thicknesses reduced the bond strength of tested resin-luting agents to lithium disilicate. No differences were found between resin-luting agents. Thermal cycling reduced the bond strength of both resin-luting agents.
Preheated acid associated with silane and electric current in the adhesion of the resin cement to ceramic
Authors: Casaburi Gustavo Belmiro , Silva Marcos Henrique Ramos da , Correr-Sobrinho Lourenço , Consani Rafael Leonardo Xediek
Published: March 2024

Abstract This study verified the effect of the combination of preheated hydrofluoric acid/silane/electric current in the adhesion of the resin cement to ceramic. IPS E.max Press ceramic discs embedded in PVC rigid tubes were divided into four groups associating preheated hydrofluoric acid and silane applied with electrical current (n=10): Ha+S (Heated acid + silane); Ha+S+Ec (Heated acid + silane + electrical current); A+S (Acid + silane) and A+S+Ec (Acid + silano + electrical current). Resin cement/ceramic samples were stored in water at 37°C for 24h. After storage, they were submitted to the microshear test, fracture analysis, and contact angle at 24h or after thermocycling (10,000 cycles/5-55ºC). Bond strength data were evaluated by two-way ANOVA. For comparison between evaluation times (24h or thermocycling) was applied unpaired t-test. A significance post-hoc test of p=0.05 was assumed for analyses and graphs (GraphPad Prism 9.0 software). At 24h, the microshear strength showed similar values between Ha+S, Ha+S+Ec, and A+S+Ec groups, while A+S showed the lowest value with a statistical difference. After thermocycling, Ha+S and Ha+S+Ec were similar, as well as A+S and A+S+Ec. There was a significant difference in all groups comparing 24h (highest value) with after thermocycling (lowest value). Adhesive fracture was predominant in all groups and evaluation times. Ha+S and A+S groups showed higher contact angle values compared to the Ha+S+Ec and A+S+Ec with lower values. In conclusion, the association of preheated hydrofluoric acid/silane applied or not with electric current promoted different microshear strength values, fracture types, and contact angles in the resin cement/ceramic bond.
CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL EVALUATION OF WRISTS AND HANDS OF SPINAL CORD INJURED PATIENTS
Authors: Bittar Cíntia Kelly , Perucci Isabela Ferreira , Signorini Danillo Nagel , Mascarenhas Mariana Buratti , Silvestre Orcizo Francisco , Cliquet Junior Alberto
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: The inability of the spinal cord to propagate sensory and motor stimuli as a result of the disruption of the nerve tracts is called spinal cord injury. Objective: This study analyzes clinically and radiologically the hands and wrists of spinal cord injured patients, evaluating their motor and sensitive functionality, in order to determine if these patients are more likely to develop degenerative alterations. Methods: 14 patients (8 paraplegics and 6 tetraplegics) were evaluated, undergoing anamnesis and clinical examination - a scale of muscular strength (MRC - Medical Research Council) and the amplitude measurement of the movement with a manual goniometer (ROM), were used for objective evaluation - and x-ray exams. The results were compared with pre-existing data from other studies. Results: When asked, only one of the 14 observed patients complained about constant wrist pain, described as level 3 (weak to moderate), based on the visual analog scale (VAS). The motor evaluation, MRC and ROM divided the group of patients into two subgroups: paraplegic and tetraplegic patients. The x-ray analysis showed, based on Kellgren and Lawrence classification, that all exam images fit grades 1 or 2 of osteoarthritis and osteoarthrosis. Conclusion: In conclusion, spinal cord injured patients showed none or minimal clinical and radiological signs of osteoarthritis on hands or wrists. Overall, the hands and wrists of spinal cord-injured patients behave similarly to noninjured patients. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.
INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY IN BEACH TENNIS: INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS
Authors: Rodrigues Fabio Lucas , Barone Paulo Sergio , Penha Ramylla Saldanha , Franco Isabela Pagliaro
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the growing increase in beach tennis practice in Brazil and the lack of studies on the injuries that occur in this sport, it has become necessary to develop more research on the subject. Objective: to identify risk and protection factors for injuries in beach tennis, in order to generate prevention strategies for musculoskeletal injuries. Method: A cross-sectional epidemiological study, level 3 of evidence, was carried out through an electronic form with 698 Beach Tennis players, who answered questions about their relationship with the practice of the sport and occurrences of injuries. We researched the prevalence of injuries, their types, and their relation with personal physical characteristics and the practice of other sports. Results: We found a positive relationship between injuries when associated with longer exposure time and the presence of a previous injury. We did not find differences regarding BMI, gender, and stretching and muscle strengthening performance. Conclusion: the most frequent non-traumatic injuries were to the elbow and shoulder (tendonitis) and traumatic (sprain) injuries to the knee and ankle. Level of Evidence II; Cohort Study.
BENEFITS OF A CLINICAL PATHWAY IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: Ferreira Márcio de Castro , Silva Gilvânia , Marinelli Carolina Padrão Amorim , de Oliveira Julia Souza , Mathiasi Neto Pedro Aurélio , Camanho Gilberto Luis
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: Demonstrate whether a multiprofessional Clinical Pathway Program in Total Knee Arthroplasty (CPPA) contributesto optimizing hospital care. Method: Retrospective study of medical data of care indicators in 310 patients divided into two groups: A- who underwent arthroplasty in the last biennium before the introduction of the CPPA (n=144) and group B- who underwent TKA in the biennium after the introduction of the CPPA (n=166). Results: Postoperative showed a significant difference in favor of group B over group A for hospitalization time in days 4.33 ± 2.79 and 5.4 ± 1.67 (p<0.001), time of prophylactic antibiotic in hours 28.13 ± 33.77 and 81.49 ± 40.91 (p<0.001), referral to the intensive care unit 40.9% and 73.4% (p<0.001), initiation of thromboprophylaxis within 24 hours 97.9% and 82.5% (p<0.001), use of elastic stockings and/or intermittent compression prescribed for thromboprophylaxis 89.5% and 31.2% (p<0.001), initiation of rehabilitation within 24 hours 90.1% and 66.1% (p<0.001), readmissions within 30 days 4.1% and 3% (p = 0.76), readmissions 90 days 2.7% and 6.6% (p = 0.183), transfusions 5.5% and 15.2% (p = 0.033). Conclusion: The implementation of a multiprofessional CPPA contributed to the implementation of care protocols, favoring greater patient safety. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective Comparative Study.
LEARNING CURVE IN PONSETI METHOD – EVOLUTION IN 5 YEAR-INTERVALS
Authors: Guerschman Tatiana de Moura , Nogueira Monica Paschoal
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: Evaluate whether the experience of the surgeon could reduce Ponseti treatment time, and a number of cast changes, and the evolution of the Pirani Score. Methods: 2 reference centers were evaluated. At Institution 1, 254 patients with idiopathic clubfoot (403 feet) were included, and at Institution 2, 32 patients (51 feet). At institution 1 (mentor), 3 intervals of 5 years each were analyzed. At the Institution 2 (trainee), 1 interval of 5 years was analyzed. Results: Patients treated by the mentor had fewer casts compared with the trainee (p < 0.001). At Institution 1, the three mentor intervals showed differences in the number of casts (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was observed only in the first mentor interval (2000 to 2005, average of 3.47 casts) compared with the 2 other intervals (2005 to 2010; average of 2.6 casts and 2011 to 2015; average of 2.79 casts; p < 0.0001). Pirani score decreases the most until the third clinic visit. Conclusion: The mentor’s greater expertise was associated with fewer casts and shorter time to obtain correction in isolated clubfoot, especially right after the first 5 years of practice. Progression of the Pirani score in both institutions occurs between the first and the third casts. Level of Evidence III; Therapeutic Study, Retrospective Comparative Study.
Mite fauna (Acari) associated with apple orchards (Malus domestica) and spontaneous vegetation as reservoir for predatory mites
Authors: Rode Priscila de Andrade , Ferla Júlia Jantsch , Bizarro Gabriel Lima , Schussler Matheus , Ferla Noeli Juarez
Published: March 2024

Abstract The aim of this study was to recognize the mite fauna associated with apple orchards in southern Brazil and present a dichotomous key of the species sampled and those already reported in apple trees in southern Brazil. The studies were carried out in the 2020/2021 harvest in seven apple orchards of the Eva, Fuji and Gala cultivars located in the municipalities of Muitos Capões, Antônio Prado (Rio Grande do Sul state) and São Joaquim (Santa Catarina state). The orchards were divided into quadrants and sampling was carried out monthly. In each orchard, 40 plants were sampled, with three leaves of each plant collected in apical, median and basal regions of a median branch. In addition, monthly five species of spontaneous plants per orchard were sampled. A total of 8,425 mites were found, with the greatest abundance in Antônio Prado (50%), followed by Muitos Capões (35.5%) and São Joaquim (14.5%). The specimens found belong to 29 families, 64 genera and 99 species, in addition to mites of the order Oribatida. The greatest diversity was found in spontaneous vegetation (59 species), being 19 exclusives to apple trees and 21 species common to apple trees and spontaneous vegetation. Phytoseiidae was the family that presented the greatest richness, with 16 species, of which seven were common in apple trees and spontaneous plants. The most abundant species was Aculus schlechtendali Nalepa (Eriophyidae) (39.5%), followed by Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Tetranychidae) (14.6%), Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) (Tarsonemidae) (9.4%) and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Phytoseiidae) (7.4%). These results suggest that the mite fauna present in apple orchards in different landscapes and management are distinct, with a greater diversity of phytoseiid mites present in organic areas. Therefore, to maintain a greater diversity of predatory mites in these orchards, organic management seems to be the most appropriate. Furthermore, the high acarine diversity found in spontaneous vegetation demonstrates the importance of maintaining these plants in orchards that serve as refuges and reservoirs, favoring the permanence of natural enemies in these environments.
A ideia de universidade em Van Rensselaer Potter e Jürgen Habermas: novos olhares para a universidade na era digital
Authors: Paulo Neto Alberto
Published: March 2024

RESUMO A universidade está inserida no processo de “digitalização social” e coloca-se como espaço de interação discursiva. A ideia de universidade tem o seu sentido a partir de seu estabelecimento na forma de projeto de formação integral e cidadã. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as concepções de universidade e suas implicações no contexto de tecnologias digitais com base nos referenciais teóricos de Van Rensselaer Potter e Jürgen Habermas. Essa investigação constitui-se em estudo filosófico e pesquisa bibliográfica por meio da análise minuciosa e comparada dos referenciais teóricos. Potter compreende que o ambiente universitário é o espaço para a prospecção do futuro da humanidade e a garantia de sua sobrevivência. O olhar bioético de Potter enraíza a universidade em seu projeto de servir à sociedade por meio da resolução de problemas globais. Em Habermas, a ideia de universidade resplandece o espaço para o agir comunicativo na formação humana. Nesse contexto, a universidade na era digital projeta sua atuação formativa e constitui-se em ambiente aberto e plural de fortalecimento das bases democráticas da sociedade.
Trajectories reviewed: reasons from teaching philosophy to teaching philosophy of education
Authors: Pedreira Andre Luiz Simões , Cruz Giseli Barreto da
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT This article analyzes aspects of the motivation of teacher trainers who teach philosophy of education in pedagogy programs. The empirical research field is formed by the pedagogy programs at two public universities, chosen because of their tradition in this program, i.e., one since 1939, and the other since 1984. The study was based on the content analysis of accounts in form of interviews with eight professors of philosophy of education. The analyses were developed around four main interpretive topics: the choice for teaching; from teaching philosophy to teaching philosophy of education: between freedom and imposition; being a teacher trainer of philosophy of education. The findings indicate that respondents chose philosophy: i. by vocation; ii. by a motivation from both within and outside the schooling process; iii. through the mediation of a teacher.
Imaginários sobre a educação física escolar no interior do Amazonas: registros de percepções e possibilidades de transformação
Authors: Oliveira Victor José Machado de , Barros João Luiz da Costa , Rocha Jamillys Rocha da
Published: March 2024

RESUMO Buscamos conhecer os imaginários acerca da Educação Física (EF) escolar em cinco municípios do interior do Amazonas. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa de campo exploratória, na qual entrevistamos 53 pessoas, entre professores, gestores e equipe pedagógica, e procedemos uma análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam que os imaginários compreendem: uma hegemonia esportiva; dicotomias entre corpo/mente e teoria/prática centradas na racionalidade cartesiana; uma concepção de saúde como ausência de doenças e que direciona a atividade física no combate ao sedentarismo e obesidade; a consideração da EF como uma área do conhecimento que desenvolve competências e habilidades motoras, sociais, psicológicas e cognitivas. Por fim, elencamos algumas implicações para os processos de interiorização da EF escolar na Amazônia, visto que essa disciplina necessita de ser valorizada para que contribua no desenvolvimento regional nos âmbitos da saúde, da educação, da cultura e do lazer.
Análise da produtividade na alocação de recursos do FUNDEB no estado do AMAPÁ entre 2010 e 2019
Authors: Grillo Cecília Calcagno , Souza Júnior Celso Vila Nova de , Moreira Tito Belchior Silva , Galvão César Augusto de Souza Pinto
Published: March 2024

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a produtividade na alocação dos recursos do Fundo de Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica e de Valorização dos Profissionais da Educação no período de 2010 a 2019 com dados em painel, por meio de Índice de Malmquist, nos 16 municípios do estado do Amapá, para o 5º ano do ensino fundamental. Os resultados apontaram uma expressiva desigualdade entre os municípios, contudo, ainda assim, as notas do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica melhoraram 31,88% nos dez anos analisados. A produtividade de 2010 a 2019 aumentou 3,8%. O período de maior crescimento da produtividade foi entre 2010 e 2011, com 17,1% de crescimento. O período que apresentou o pior resultado foi de 2012 para 2013, com declínio de -6,8% na produtividade total.
PRÁCTICAS DE MOVILIDAD Y COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE MUJERES AGRICULTORAS DE LA PARROQUIA RURAL SININCAY-CUENCA
Authors: Flores-Yuca Enrique , Rodríguez Cristhian Parrado , Pacheco Pedro Jiménez , Carmona Jessica Chica
Published: March 2024

La comprensión de las prácticas de movilidad de mujeres agricultoras en función de la comercialización de sus productos resulta de suma importancia para identificar sus necesidades y desafíos como grupo social vulnerable. La investigación analizó las prácticas de movilidad y comercialización que utilizan las mujeres agricultoras de la parroquia rural Sinincay, del cantón Cuenca, Ecuador. Mediante la asunción de una metodología mixta de carácter transversal, se aplicaron encuestas para la recolección de información. Los resultados revelaron que las oportunidades para comercializar productos se concentran en el área urbana. El 57.7 de las mujeres comercializa sus productos en lugares no aptos para ello, principalmente en la vía pública, cerca de mercados y plazas. El 72.3 %, al no disponer de vehículo propio dependen de otros medios de transporte, situación que incide en la inversión de tiempo y costo de los desplazamientos. Además, el 93.8 % no forma parte de ninguna organización, lo que conlleva a la realización de la mayoría de viajes de forma individual. Estos hallazgos constituyen un insumo importante para que los organismos pertinentes generen acciones para mejorar la situación de este importante grupo poblacional.
Laboratory investigations of coupled polyethylene–sand–soft soil shallow foundations
Authors: Bajwa Tariq Mahmood , Fazeel Muhammad , Alshawmar Fahad , Khan Muhammad Kamran
Published: March 2024

This study investigates clayey soil from a road project situated in the district of Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan. The subgrade prepared with the soil distorted due to heaving after a certain period of its construction. First, laboratory tests were conducted to explore the reason for this problem, examining the fundamental engineering properties of soil. The test results show that the soil acts as a soft material when water content reaches 30%, significantly reducing its strength. The soft soil is generally considered unsuitable for civil work due to its poor performance behaviour. So, the performance of clayey soil was examined in the study at its soft state by coupling it with stronger materials, such as polyethylene polymeric reinforcement and sand, developing laboratory-scale foundation models. Based on the model studies, the study proposes a sustainable polyethylene–sand–soft soil model, which shows 155 and 56% higher ultimate bearing capacity (BC) than soft soil and sand-reinforced soft soil foundations. The changes in BC occur due to the reinforcement action of the polyethylene reinforcement, which is associated with its tensile membrane action effects and interlock bonding at the soil-reinforcement interface. Practically, the study can reduce the dependency of industry practitioners on sand materials. Using polyethylene in civil work is viable for environmental sustainability.
Feasibility of solar-powered air-conditioning system using natural refrigerants
Authors: Naskar Rakesh , Mandal Ratan
Published: March 2024

This research focuses on low carbon dioxide alternatives to air-conditioning systems that use sustainable and low-power drives. This detailed research takes into account a 1 t capacity air-conditioning system using several refrigerants based on vapor compression. Natural refrigerants should be used instead of all-synthetic ones due to their environmentally favorable properties. Using the CoolPack software platform, a comparative analysis was conducted, and it was found out that the natural refrigerants R290 and R600a exhibited promising results in terms of heat removal from the evaporator (Q e (kW)), heat removal from the condenser (Q c (kW)), work done by the compressor (W (kW)) and coefficient of performance when fixed temperatures of 10°C for the evaporator and 50°C for the condenser were maintained. For the refrigerant R600a, superheating at the compressor (inlet) suction by 5°C was necessary to maintain the running cycle within a practical working zone. Given that a 1 t vapor compression cycle air-conditioning system based on R290 has a compressor work consumption of 640 W, the motor power input for a single-phase induction motor will be roughly 1000 W. In contrast, direct-current (DC) motors require about 30% less power (770 W) and can be readily driven by solar photovoltaic systems (DC). Thus, by presenting solar thermal (required for R600a) and solar photovoltaic power (DC) applications for the natural refrigerants R290 and R600a, the present work will contribute to a sustainable environment and demonstrate the capabilities of dependable operation with optimal power usage.
Decision-Making Engagement Preferences among Older Adults with CKD
Authors: Gonzales Kristina M. , Koch-Weser Susan , Kennefick Kristen , Lynch Mary , Porteny Thalia , Tighiouart Hocine , Wong John B. , Isakova Tamara , Rifkin Dena E. , Gordon Elisa J. , Rossi Ana , Weiner Daniel E. , Ladin Keren
Published: March 2024

Key Points

Clinicians’ uncertainty about the degree to which older patients prefer to engage in decision making remains a key barrier to shared decision making.

Most older adults with advanced CKD preferred a collaborative or active role in decision making.

Background

Older adults with kidney failure face preference-sensitive decisions regarding dialysis initiation. Despite recommendations, few older patients with kidney failure experience shared decision making. Clinician uncertainty about the degree to which older patients prefer to engage in decision making remains a key barrier.

Methods

This study follows a mixed-methods explanatory, longitudinal, sequential design at four diverse US centers with patients (English-fluent, aged ≥70 years, CKD stages 4–5, nondialysis) from 2018 to 2020. Patient preferences for engagement in decision making were assessed using the Control Preferences Scale, reflecting the degree to which patients want to be involved in their decision making: active (the patient prefers to make the final decision), collaborative (the patient wants to share decision making with the clinician), or passive (the patient wants the clinician to make the final decision) roles. Semistructured interviews about engagement and decision making were conducted in two waves (2019, 2020) with purposively sampled patients and clinicians. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used for quantitative analyses; thematic and narrative analyses were used for qualitative data.

Results

Among 363 patient participants, mean age was 78±6 years, 42% were female, and 21% had a high school education or less. Control Preferences Scale responses reflected that patients preferred to engage actively (48%) or collaboratively (43%) versus passively (8%). Preferred roles remained stable at 3-month follow-up. Seventy-six participants completed interviews (45 patients, 31 clinicians). Four themes emerged: control preference roles reflect levels of decisional engagement; clinicians control information flow, especially about prognosis; adapting a clinical approach to patient preferred roles; and clinicians' responsiveness to patient preferred roles supports patients' satisfaction with shared decision making.

Conclusions

Most older adults with advanced CKD preferred a collaborative or active role in decision making. Appropriately matched information flow with patient preferences was critical for satisfaction with shared decision making.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

Decision Aid for Renal Therapy (DART), NCT03522740.
Research and Development of the Treatment Effectiveness of a Novel Process for Vegetable Biogas Slurry Purification
Authors: V Boualy , K Chanthaboun , W Changmei , Y Fang , W Kai , Y Bin , Y Hong , Z Wudi
Published: March 2024

Nowadays, an anaerobic filter is used in treating various wastewaters that is more effective for denitrification and organic removal. The Anaerobic Filter with Inoculum, Soft and Hard Packing Medium (AFISH) and Double-Filling Aerobic Baffle (DFAB) reactors were continuously operated for 120 days with a short Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) in the range of 1 and 2 days at an Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of 0.58 and 1.08 gCOD/(l.d) by daily feeding the influent Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentration between 1169 and 250 mg/l. After treating the sample wastewater in the new AFISH reactor, the effluent flowed into the DFAB reactor for further treatment to determine the treatment effectiveness of the novel AFISH and DFAB reactors at a short HRT of 1 to 2 days. The influent COD was reduced to 376 mg/l to 250 mg/l in a novel AFISH effluent and further dropped to 220 mg/l to 102 mg/l following DFAB reactor treatment. The COD removal in the AFISH reactor was around 67% when HRT was about 1 day, and a high COD value of 78% was removed during the HRT of 2 days, while in the DFAB reactor, the capability of treatment reached between 40% and 57% of the COD removed at the HRT of 1 and 2 days. The concentration of NH4-N in the effluent of the novel AFISH reactor was significantly lower than the effluent of the DFAB reactor, with NH4-N concentrations ranging from 157 mg/l to 330 mg/l. However, the treatment of vegetable bio-slurry from the Internal Circulation (IC) reactor by the novel AFISH and DFAB reactors satisfied the secondary wastewater discharge standard in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard. Therefore, this novel process is one method beneficial for current and further research development that can be applied for industrial wastewater treatment processing and provides science information to those interested in research in the future.
Analysis of Contradictions Arising from the Use of Innovative Technologies to Solve Environmental Problems of Post-Industrial Agglomerations
Authors:   South Ural State University, Krupnova T. G. , Rakova О. V. ,   South Ural State University
Published: March 2024

Despite urban economic growth and significant efforts to introduce «green» initiatives and a comfortable urban environment, most modern cities are becoming more unfriendly to people, and urban ecosystems are facing various problems. Industrialisation has provoked a global environmental crisis. It is obvious that fundamentally new and innovative approaches are needed to solve environmental problems of post-industrial agglomerations. The study analyses several cases such as the use of innovative photocatalysis technology, the isotope ratio method and satellite images to identify pollution of urban landscapes, the use of digital twins and artificial intelligence as part of the global concept of a smart city. Innovative technologies are poorly understood, the potential harm from their use can greatly exceed the visible benefits, in addition, they do not solve the pressing problems of cities. The emerging smart and technological city reproduces actual and perceived urban inequalities; affluent residential areas and new economy class spaces are becoming «smart», but most of the city is left behind. Moreover, on a global scale, it is clear that environmental inequality will only increase.
COVID-19 in Russian Regions: Role of Cities in the Spread of Infection
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Manaeva I. V.
Published: March 2024

The paper analyses the role of cities in the spread of COVID-19 in Russian regions. The study identified three hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: regions with higher population densities experience more deaths from COVID-19. Hypothesis 2: in regions with a more concentrated urban development, measured by the proportion of the population living in million-plus and large cities (from 250 thousand people to 1,000 thousand people), a higher number of deaths from COVID-19 is recorded. Hypothesis 3: in regions with a higher urbanisation, a higher number of deaths from COVID-19 is recorded. To test these hypotheses, two dependent variables were determined: excess mortality per 1000 people and the number of deaths from COVID-19 per 1000 people in a region. Independent variables in the regression analysis measure the influence of such factors as the number of infections, infection transmission rates, population density, quality of health care and population susceptibility. The study sample included 85 regions of Russia, the study period was 2021. The findings confirmed the first hypothesis for the indicator “excess mortality in a region”, the second and third hypotheses for the indicator “number of deaths from COVID-19”. Regions with better levels of health care, located in favourable climatic conditions, and with lower population concentrations have lower excess mortality rates. Regions with lower urban concentration and a smaller proportion of the population over 70 years of age have lower mortality rates from COVID-19.
Migration as a Challenge to Arctic Single-Industry Towns
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of RAS, Tolstoguzov O. V. , Pitukhina M. A. ,   Institute of Economics of the Karelian Research Centre of RAS
Published: March 2024

The article examines the influence of migration on the social climate of single-industry towns. The results of studies on foreign labour and intraregional migration in Arctic single-industry towns are presented. It is concluded that in addition to the understandable attractiveness of a higher salary, systemic risks that destroy the social ecology and urban ecology are important for migrants. Moreover, it should be taken into account that certain spheres of public life in the Arctic have conflict zones, but do not have institutional solutions for ensuring security. A survey of the local community helped to calculate both the conflictogenity index and the tolerance index. The conflict index is quite high in the Republic of Karelia and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The situation is calm in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and Murmansk Oblast. Both empirical research and its theoretical generalisation have revealed the problems of migrant integration in the Arctic, as well as what can happen with fluctuations in the social climate.
Ekaterinburg as a Dry Port and Its Infrastructure Development
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Kozhov K. B. , Petrov M. B. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: March 2024

The article presents a new approach to choosing key elements of the macro-logical system of the Greater Urals. Analysis of the modern evolution of the system is based on schemes and programmes for the development of trunk transport and logistics. The research relies on the principles of a systematic approach and methods of system analysis, analysis of evolutionary patterns, analogies, generalisation of given documents on the development of productive forces and scientific literature. Balance analysis revealed insufficient compliance of the capacities of the transport and logistics system links connected with each other, forming a dry port of Ekaterinburg. At a qualitative level, the study provided a technical and economic comparison of variants of the railway network connecting the dry port of Ekaterinburg with the Northern Sea Route.
Cooperation between Cities and Rural Areas: Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   Vologda Research Center of RAS, Patrakova S. S.
Published: March 2024

In conditions of economic and political instability, it is extremely important to determine and effectively use internal drivers of Russia’s development. One of such drivers is the city — village cooperation, the potential of which is not fully realized. The article aims to identify problems and substantiate the development prospects of cooperation between cities and rural areas in the regional economic space. To this end, monographic method, analysis and synthesis and other approaches were used. Data of the Federal State Statistics Service, strategic documents of Russia and its regions in the field of socio-economic and spatial development were analysed. The study found that the weakening of rural-urban cooperation (in particular, the crisis of economic and consumer cooperation institutions) hinders the development of both rural areas and cities. Additionally, it was noted that the absence of regulatory and legal acts, strategic and conceptual documents, etc., hampers the development of rural-urban cooperation. The obtained results can be used by scientists for conducting similar research, as well as by public authorities for improving the policy of socio-economic and spatial development.
Cluster Approach to Urban Agglomerations as a New Development Paradigm
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chirkov M. A. ,   RUDN University, Nefedova K. A. ,   Russian University of Cooperation, Vladimir Branch, Chistyakov M. S. ,   Russian University of Cooperation, Vladimir Branch
Published: March 2024

The article considers the practice of using the cluster approach in the development of urban agglomerations. To this end, a synergetic approach of reviewing the results of scientific research on clustering and cluster approach in the development of territories was utilised. Additionally, general scientific methods of cognition were used: comparative analysis, dialectical, systemic, complex and cluster approaches. The discussion resulted in the conclusion about the resource potential of using the cluster approach in the formation of a favourable urban environment, including a set of subsystems of cluster geometry.
Relato del conflicto armado colombiano en los textos de ciencias sociales
Authors: Bernal Ramírez Gloria Esperanza , Cuervo Mondragón Clara Inés , Cuesta Moreno Oscar Julián , Bolívar Castañeda Johana Alejandra
Published: March 2024

La caracterización de los textos escolares como artefactos semióticos se presenta como un objeto de análisis valioso para identificar representaciones sociales, intencionalidades pedagógicas y concepciones sobre el discurso, en el caso de esta investigación, de la enseñanza de la historia colombiana. Objetivo: caracterizar el modo como se relata el conflicto armado colombiano en una muestra intencional de textos escolares de ciencias sociales de noveno grado. Metodología: desde un enfoque cualitativo, se realizó el análisis multimodal de once textos escolares. Se analizaron de manera separada textos, imágenes y otros modos semióticos; luego se reconoció la intersemiosis resultante y posteriormente se realizó la observación de la dimensión ideológica. Se caracterizó el género y el registro que predomina en estos textos escolares. Resultados: se identificaron recurrencias relacionadas con la recontextualización de discursos primarios en los textos escolares y con la representación de los diferentes actores asociados al conflicto armado colombiano (Estado, victimas, población civil). Se explican estos hallazgos a la luz de conside-raciones sobre el discurso y las mediaciones pedagógicas. Conclusiones: se construyeron recomen-daciones para complejizar el discurso pedagógico de la historia y fomentar la reflexión crítica orientada hacia la construcción de un país en paz y con justicia social.
Role-Playing in Teacher Education with InCoLearn and its Qualitative Usability
Authors: Knorr Charlotte , Zinn Bernd
Published: March 2024

Role-playing has long been a method in the professionalization of educators to emulate or anticipate everyday school and teaching situations. This paper introduces InCoLearn, the first multiplayer online role-playing game (RPG) developed for student teachers to facilitate professional and action-based knowledge of inclusion and heterogeneity in the classroom with non-linear storytelling through individual quests. A qualitative usability study conducted via focus groups aims to provide insights into usability. It seeks to answer the research question of which aspects are perceived as the most important and problematic to student teachers using InCoLearn. To answer another research question, whether previous quantitative usability results can be confirmed and explained by the qualitative results, the qualitative results are set into the context of a quantitative usability study.
The EU Terror List and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC): About the Law as an Alleged Obstacle to Political Action
Authors: Märtin Lukas
Published: March 2024

This article examines the legal requirements for a listing on the so-called European Union (EU) terror list, an aspect that remains underdeveloped in both legal scholarship and policy debates on counter-terrorism measures. The analysis elucidates the substantive requirements governing listings on the EU terror list and applies them to the case of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. It highlights the two-tiered nature of the EU terror listing process, in which an EU terror listing relies on a national authority’s decision regarding the potential target. Furthermore, an analysis of recent Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) case-law outlines prospective developments in the Court of Justice’s scrutiny of restrictive measures. It will be shown that the CJEU exercises judicial deference in its examination of restrictive measures adopted by the Council, particularly in cases involving threats to the EU’s legal and democratic order or international security orchestrated by foreign state actors.
Effectiveness of 4th doses of bivalent mRNA vaccine in reinfections from October 2022 to October 2023 in a general medicine office in Toledo (Spain)
Authors: Jose Luis Turabian
Published: March 2024

Background: The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in preventing reinfections is uncertain and there is little community-level research published at this time. Objective: To compare the cases of COVID-19 reinfections in vaccinated versus not vaccinated 4th dose people with bivalent mRNA vaccines and assess the effectiveness of this vaccine booster. Methodology: An observational, longitudinal, and prospective case series study of adult patients with COVID-19 reinfections in general medicine from October 1, 2022, to October 1, 2023. The 4th dose vaccine COVID-19 effectiveness was calculated as 1 - [COVID-19 cases incidence of reinfection with 4th dose vaccine / COVID-19 cases incidence of reinfection without 4th vaccine dose] × 100. Results: 12 COVID-19 reinfections were included. Of them, 5 were in people with a fourth vaccine dose of bivalent mRNA and 7 were in people without a fourth vaccine dose of bivalent mRNA. The population vaccinated with the 4th dose was estimated at 1,133 people. The population without a 4th dose was estimated at 867 people. The 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections calculated on the total number of cases of reinfections in vaccinated and unvaccinated was 30%. The 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections calculated on population denominators of the total number of people vaccinated or not, was 46%. Conclusion: In the context of general medicine in Toledo (Spain), the 4th dose of bivalent mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent reinfections was modest. However, these results should be interpreted with caution because of the few cases included and possible underreporting.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN THE MERDEKA CURRICULUM ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING AT SDN BUMIAYU MAGELANG
Authors: Wulandari Widya , Maemonah Maemonah
Published: March 2024

The Merdeka curriculum emphasizes the importance of integration with formative assessment, as a learning cycle. Formative assessment has the potential to support the teaching and learning process in the classroom so that the use of assessment for formative purposes is intended to integrate the learning process of students and improve learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the process and preparation of teachers in optimizing especially formative assessments in the Merdeka curriculum in PAI learning at SDN BumiAyu Magelang. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data collection technique, namely literature study, is adapted to the focus of research such as books, journals, the Merdeka curriculum assessment guide from the Ministry of Education and Culture. Collection of interview data for grade 4 PAI teachers who have implemented the Merdeka curriculum in the 2022/2023 odd semester at Bumiayu Magelang Elementary School. The results and discussion in optimizing the formative assessment of Islamic Religious Education subject teachers at SDN Bumiayu Magelang is that the feedback technique has been felt to be very good and has given good results. The teacher must also have many strategies in providing feedback, so that during the learning process students do not feel bored. This assessment is carried out to achieve the quality of student achievement produced, so the teacher must own and understand the scoring made by him.
ACTUALIZATION OF TEACHERS' STRATEGIES IN OVERCOMING BULLYING AT MI HADRUL ULUM CISALAK
Authors: Ropikoh Opi , Wibowo Devi Vionitta
Published: March 2024

This study aims to: (1) describe the teacher's strategy in overcoming bullying behavior at MI Hadrul Ulum Cisalak (2) analyze the teacher's obstacles in overcoming bullying behavior atMIHadrul Ulum Cisalak. To answer the problems that occur in this study, the research used BF Skinner's Behaviorism Theory. The type of research used is a qualitative approach with a case study research method. The research location is at Madarasah Ibtidaiya (MI) Cisalak which is located at Cisalak Village. In data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation, while determining informants using purposive sampling techniques. Whereas in data analysis techniques using data collection techniques, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and data validity. The results of this study indicate that the teacher' strategy in overcoming bullying behavior at MI Hadrul Ulum Cisalak is: (1) knowing the root causes of bullying, (2) giving punishment (punishment), (3) making study groups, (4) giving advice to students who engage in bullying behavior and other students, (5) provide several services from BK to students who are victims of bullying and bullies, (6) provide rewards, (7) provide "stop bullying" programs, (8) supervise (Obstacles in overcoming bullying behavior are: (a) difficulties in controlling student behavior when outside school, (b) students who are victims of bullying are not open to reporting to teachers, (c) teachers lack understanding of bullying behavior).
STORY ILLUSTRATION DRAWING THEMATIC-BASED AS A MEANS OF PRESERVING A HEALTHY LIFE LITERACY FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sari Yofita
Published: March 2024

There needs to be innovation in improving the quality of elementary school students' health awareness to help overcome health problems through education. Therefore, the researchers conducted a study entitled Thematic-based story illustrations as a means of healthy living literacy for elementary school students. The research method that will be used in this study is the ADDIE model Research And Development Method. This research will be conducted in elementary schools in Songgom Lor, Songgom District, and Brebes Regency. Researchers carry out stages (1) Analysis: needs analysis to determine the right problems and solutions to determine student competencies; (2) Design: determine specific competencies, methods, teaching materials, and learning strategies; (3) Development: produce programs and teaching materials that will be used in learning programs; (4) Implementation: carrying out learning programs by implementing learning program designs or specifications; (5) Evaluation: evaluating learning programs and evaluating learning outcomes. The research objectives include (1) theoretically examining the concept of healthy living with care for the environment; (2) developing instruments for healthy living skills with care for the environment; (3) identifying healthy living behaviors with care for the environment for elementary school students and teachers; and (4) developing thematic-based story illustrations as media for healthy living literacy.
Optimizing Tax Revenue on the Development of E-Commerce in the Digital Economy Era in Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari Suci , Purnama Ridwan , Lubis Asep Ridwan
Published: March 2024

The development of e-commerce in Indonesia has become one of the main drivers of economic growth in the digital era. However, the challenges faced in optimizing tax revenues from this sector require the right strategy. This article uses a qualitative approach to explore the challenges and solutions in optimizing tax revenues for the development of e-commerce in the digital economy era in Indonesia. Through a qualitative research approach and literature study research methods, the research results show thatThe development of e-commerce in Indonesia has had a positive impact in terms of increasing tax revenues and a negative impact in terms of tax system regulations.The main challenges include regulatory discrepancies between countries, ineffective implementation of tax technology, and the need to increase awareness and compliance of taxpayers. This challenge can be overcome by developing consistent regulations, implementing information technology, and educating taxpayers. With this research, it is hoped that tax revenues from the e-commerce sector in Indonesia can be optimized and make a significant contribution to national economic growth in Indonesia.
The Heritage of The Megalithic Site of Sekala Brak and Its Implications in Learning Local History for Primary Schools
Authors: Siska Yulia
Published: March 2024

The research aims to 1) describe in depth the megalithic relics of Sekala Brak sites; and 2) to describe the design of local history learning materials based on megaliths relic of Sekala Brak. This research method is descriptive qualitative. Techniques used in data collection are techniques of observation, documentation, and literature study. Analysis of the data presented descriptively, that is to articulate and describe the findings of the data according to the problems studied. The results showed that: 1) The archeological relic found in the megalithic sites of West Lampung consisting of Situs Batu Brak, Batu Jagur, Megalitik Telaga Mukmin, Batu Bertulis (Prasasti Hujung Langit), Batu Tameng, Batu Jaya, Batu Bertulis Belalau, Batu Spadu/Batu Putri, Batu Nakka/Batu Tegak, dan Situs Batu Raja; 2) Material Design Local History Lampung implemented in Social Studies Learning of Elementary School include: a) Historic Sites, b) Artifacts and heritage, c) Local historical events of prehistoric times, and d) local historical events of the archipelago era.