bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Role of In-Service Middle School Mathematics Teachers’ Epistemological Beliefs for Designing the Learning Environment
Authors: KARATAŞ İlhan , YILMAZ Nurbanu
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the epistemological beliefs of in-service middle school mathematics teachers and to examine the role of these beliefs in designing learning environments. The study is a descriptive study using qualitative research technique. Since the aim of this study is to explain the results of a specific situation, the case study design was used. 14 middle school mathematics teachers with different teaching experiences participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools. Interview consisting of seven questions were taken from the study of Luft and Roehrig (2007). The data obtained from the teachers were analysed qualitatively according to the teacher models in the study conducted by Luft and Roehrig (2007). Teacher models were explained in five main themes. Interview data obtained from teachers were analysed according to experience of teachers and models and presented as percentages and frequencies. It was observed that teachers had transitional and teacher-centered epistemological beliefs in general. Moreover, epistemological beliefs of a particular teacher might be different from one question to another within the interview. The results have shown that the curriculum and examination system were one of the most important factors affecting the views and decisions of teachers related with teaching.
Full genome PCR amplification of all African Hepatitis B Virus genotypes v1
Authors: S IV Le Clercq Louis
Published: June 2021

This method is and adaptation of the full genome amplification protocol published by Gunther et al. in 2005, able to amplify most known genotypes.
Violência na intimidade: Crenças da comunidade Africana Lusófona residente em Portugal
Authors: Gonçalves Mariana , Silva Maria Manuel , Matos Marlene
Published: June 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as crenças da comunidade luso-africana, residente em Portugal, sobre a violência na intimidade. Os participantes (n=70) responderam a um questionário online, adaptado da Escala de Crenças sobre a Violência Conjugal. Os resultados apontaram para uma reduzida legitimação da violência, na intimidade, sendo a “pequena” violência a mais legitimada. Os participantes do sexo masculino, sem contacto com a problemática e que avaliaram os episódios como “não graves” apresentaram maior legitimação da violência. Os participantes de zonas urbanas e os residentes há mais tempo em Portugal apresentavam uma menor tolerância à violência. Dos participantes, 17.3% admitiu ter experienciado violência na intimidade, sendo maioritariamente do sexo feminino. Esta investigação visa contribuir para uma maior consciencialização sobre o tema, para a transformação progressiva dos discursos sobre violência na intimidade e para o desenvolvimento de ações político-legais que visem o combate à elevada ocorrência da violência na intimidade.
A escrita científica da ciência portuguesa: Algumas métricas das ciências sociais e psicológicas
Authors: Tinoco Rui Pedro , Fernandes José Luís
Published: June 2021

Neste trabalho, procuramos conhecer as formas que a escrita científica da ciência portuguesa, nomeadamente das ciências sociais e psicológicas, assumem em termos de grandes bases de dados internacionais. Para isso, pesquisámos a produção científica tendo como principais instrumentos a PorData; a Scimago; a Scopus; Web of Science e a Journal of Citation Report. Interessou-nos saber quais as unidades de contagem do impacto; de que forma se organizam as autorias; os temas de escrita; a presença das revistas científicas portuguesas nessas bases de dados; as valorizações e rankings em que surge a produção nacional e, finalmente, quisemos identificar outras métricas, para além das nomeadas inicialmente, que começam agora surgir.
Estilos parentais e o risco no uso das redes sociais em adolescentes e jovens adultos: Papel mediador da personalidade
Authors: Monteiro Bianca , Mota Catarina Pinheiro
Published: June 2021

De acordo com Baumrind, a relação entre a díade pais-filhos constitui-se como base da aprendizagem de competências e interações sociais. Um estilo parental baseado na assertividade e responsividade assume um papel significativo e protetor face ao risco do uso das redes sociais dos adolescentes e jovens adultos. Pretende-se analisar o efeito dos estilos parentais e da personalidade no uso das redes sociais por adolescentes e jovens adultos e testar o papel mediador da personalidade numa amostra de 936 indivíduos com idades entre os 14 e 20 anos. Os resultados apontam que o uso problemático das redes sociais é predito negativamente pelo estilo parental democrático e, positivamente pelo estilo autoritário e permissivo. Sugere-se ainda um efeito mediador negativo da personalidade emocionalmente ajustada na associação do estilo parental democrático e uso problemático das redes socias e um efeito mediador positivo entre os estilos parentais negativos e o uso problemático.
O diabo está nos pormenores: Introdução às normas para escrita científica da American Psychological Association (7ª edição)
Authors: Prada Marília , Camilo Cristina , Garrido Margarida V. , Rodrigues David L.
Published: June 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é sintetizar as principais normas de escrita científica definidas na 7ª edição do Publication Manual da American Psychological Association (APA, 2020). Especificamente, iremos focar as recomendações relativas à estrutura e conteúdos de um manuscrito, formatação do texto, citações e referências bibliográficas. Este artigo destina-se a estudantes e investigadores que estão a iniciar a sua atividade de escrita científica, mas também a investigadores familiarizados com a versão anterior do Publication Manual da APA. Para tal, e com vista a facilitar a integração destas novas recomendações, iremos também sistematizar as principais diferenças entre estas últimas edições.
Treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome following on-pump pediatric congenital heart surgery
Authors: Borisenko D. V. , Ivkin A. A. , Shukevich D. L.
Published: June 2021

Highlights. The article discusses the pathophysiological aspects of cardiopulmonary bypass and the mechanisms underlying the development of the systemic inflammatory response in children following congenital heart surgery. We summarize and report the most relevant preventive strategies aimed at reducing the systemic inflammatory response, including both, CPB-related methods and pharmacological ones.

The growing number of children with congenital heart defects requires the development of more advanced technologies for their surgical treatment. However, cardiopulmonary bypass is required in almost all surgical techniques. Despite the tremendous progress and recent advances in cardiopulmonary bypass techniques, the systemic inflammatory response syndrome associated with these surgeries remains unresolved. The review summarizes the causes and mechanisms underlying its development. The most commonly used preventive strategies are reported, including standard and modified ultrafiltration, leukocyte filters, and pharmacological agents (systemic glucocorticoids, aprotinin, and antioxidants).

The role of cardioplegia and hypothermia in the reduction of systemic inflammation is defined. Cardiac surgery centers around the world use a variety of techniques and pharmacological approaches, drawing on the results of randomized clinical studies. However, there are no clear and definite clinical guidelines aimed at reducing the systemic inflammatory response during cardiopulmonary bypass in children. It remains a significant problem for pediatric intensive care by aggravating their postoperative status, prolonging the length of the in-hospital stay, and reducing the survival rates.
A case report of pulmonary valve infective endocarditis
Authors: Kochergina A. M. , Galimova N. A.
Published: June 2021

Highlights. A rare case of pulmonary valve infective endocarditis in a patient without medical and social risk factors is reported. The presented treatment strategy is of particular interest to general physicians, cardiologists, and cardiac surgeons.

The incidence of isolated pulmonary valve infective endocarditis is extremely rare in the general population. Thus, clinical physicians do not have their own experience in the differential diagnosis of this pathology. There is a prejudice that Abstract infective endocarditis involving the right side of the heart is commonly associated with intravenous drug abuse. Healthcare professionals lack caution when making this diagnosis in patients. We report a rare clinical case of pulmonary valve infective endocarditis in a patient without medical and social risk factors.
Calcification of bioprosthetic heart valves treated with ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
Authors: Glushkova T. V. , Kostyunin A. E.
Published: June 2021

Highlights. The morphology and elemental composition of calcium deposits formed in the tissues of epoxytreated aortic and mitral bioprostheses do not differ from those in the mineralized matrix of stenotic human aortic valve leaflets. Despite similar elemental composition of mineral deposits in the KemCor and UniLine bioprostheses, the morphology of these calcifications differs between bioprosthetic heart valve substitutes and, apparently, is associated with the specific structure of the fibrous matrix of the biological tissues that are used for their manufacturing.

Aim. To analyze the morphology and elemental composition of mineral deposits formed in epoxy-treated aortic and mitral bioprosthetic heart valves made from xenoaortic or xenopericardial material and to compare the obtained findings with the data on calcified human aortic valve.

Methods. Leaflets of the mitral and aortic bioprosthetic heart valves KemCor and UniLine (NeoKor, L Russia, Kemerovo) that were explanted due to their failure, as well as leaflets of the calcified native aortic valve were evaluated. The morphology of calcifications was studied by scanning electron microscopy using an S-3400N microscope (Hitachi, Japan). The elemental composition of calcium deposits was studied by electron probe microanalysis using Hitachi S-3400N microscope with energy dispersive spectrometer Bruker XFlash 4010 (Bruker, Germany).

Results. Large calcifications located at the internal layers of samples were surrounded by collagen fibers commonly with evident signs of the onset of mineralization. Calcium deposits in the native aortic valve and xenoartic bioprostheses KemCor were located mainly at the spongy layer and had a loose structure, while dense lamellar deposits were found at the leaflets of pericardial bioprostheses UniLine. The elemental composition of calcium deposits showed the presence of Ca, P, O, Mg, and Na in the mineralized regions and the presence of S in the regions of low electron density. The calcium to phosphorus ratio (Ca:P) in the calcifications of the aortic valve leaflets was 1.81 (1.79-1.84; min - 1.48; max - 2.05), whereas the Ca:P ratios in the UniLine and KemCor bioprostheses were 1.78 (1.75-1.86; min - 1.52; max - 2.03) and 1.82 (1.81-1.88; min - 1.71; max - 2.06), respectively. There were no significant differences in the Ca:P ratios between calcifications in the study groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion. Calcium deposits detected in epoxy-treated bioprostheses and human aortic valve appeared to be formed under dystrophic calcification. The morphology of calcifications in bioprostheses depended on the type of biological tissue. None correlations between the morphological structure of calcifications and the implantation position were found in bioprosthetic leaflets. The elemental composition of mineral deposits was similar in all study samples.
Risk factors for the occurrence of typical atrial flutter in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Safonov N. V. , Baranovich V. Yu. , Faibushevich A. G.
Published: June 2021

Highlights. Cavatricuspid isthmus ablation with pulmonary vein isolation is indicated to all patients with documented or intraoperatively induced typical atrial flutter. The preventive cavatricuspid isthmus ablation remains an issue of concern. The article discusses the risk factors for the onset of typical atrial flutter pulmonary vein isolation.

Aim. To determine the need for preventive ablation of the cavatricuspid isthmus in patients referred to elective pulmonary vein isolation.

Methods. 632 patients (the mean age of 63 years) were enrolled in a single-center retrospective study between 2015 to 2018. The inclusion criteria were as follows: paroxysmal AF, absence of documented AFL. All patients underwent pulmonary vein isolation. The exclusion criteria were as follows: a history of typical or AFL. The endpoints included major cardiovascular events, reoperations, occurrence of AFL. The primary endpoint was the absence of paroxysms of AF and AFL during the blind period. The secondary endpoint was the absence of AF paroxysms documented on the ECG or according to Holter monitoring data. The follow-up period was 12 months.

Results. During the blind period, AF paroxysms were recorded in 148 (23.7%) patients. The efficiency of the operation within one year was 78.2% (494 patients). 138 patients (21.8%) had recurrent tachycardia. Of them, 28 patients (4.4%) were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and others (17.4%) had AFL. Risk factors for AFL included COPD found in 18 patients (64.29%) (OR 25.4; CI 95%; 10.991-58.609), chronic heart failure in 20 patients (71.43%) (OR 7.434; CI 95%; 3.209-17.225), prolonged pr interval in 18 patients (64.29%) (OR 5.77; CI 95%; 2.288-14.5), a history of myocardial infarction in 6 patients (28.57%) (OR 6.591; CI 95%; 2.447-17.751), and smoking in 7 patients (67.86%) (OR 11.034; CI 95%; 4.849-25.112).

Conclusion. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic heart failure, a history of myocardial infarction, and smoking prolong right atrial conduction time, thereby increasing the risk of AFL in the postoperative period. Preventive cavatricuspid isthmus ablation should be considered in patients with risk factors for developing AFL.
Remote outpatient follow-up of patients with arterial hypertenson: the role of a nurse
Authors: Strokolskaya I. L. , Kilizhekova D. V. , Artamonova G. V.
Published: June 2021

Highlights. Telehealth remote monitoring for patients with arterial hypertension has been developed and implemented. A nurse coaching approach has been reported.

Aim. To develop and implement the technology of remote dispensary observation of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) using telemedicine, in which the main performer is a clinic nurse.

Methods. The research object is patients with AH who are under dispensary observation at the territorial polyclinic. The study included 183 patients aged 53±12.5 years, of which 64.5% were women. The duration of observation is from 30 to 90 days. The effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of the achievement of target values of blood pressure (BP), number of visits to the doctor for hypertension decompensation, patient compliance. The program used data processing technology applying telemedicine devices for automatic BP measurement.

Results. In 75.5% of cases, there was a decrease in the average level of systolic and diastolic BP in comparison with the initial levels. A decrease in the maximum systolic BP and in the frequency of decompensation episodes of BP above 160 mm Hg was recorded in 15.8% of patients. Achievement of the target BP level was identified in 64.2% of patients, in 11.3% there was a positive dynamic in the clinical condition without achieving the target figures, in 24.5% of cases, no dynamics was found. The majority of patients (84.2%) preferred remote forms of counseling while maintaining a stable level of indicators. Among 15.8% of patients, the number of visits to a doctor decreased from 2.0 to 0.75 visits per month. High adherence to preventive measures was observed in 88.7% of cases; 100% of patients in the observation group confirmed the use of prescribed antihypertensive drugs.

Conclusion. The original technology of remote dispensary observation of patients with AH using telemedicine devices enhances the continuity in “doctor-nurse-patient” interactions, which contributes to the improvement of medical efficiency by increasing the proportion of patients in the dispensary group who have reached the target level of BP and increase the patients' adherence to preventive measures. Telemedicine technologies reduce the number of scheduled and urgent patient visits to a polyclinic, which is relevant in the context of the shortage of medical personnel and the transition to remote consultation due to the restrictions caused by the epidemic threat [17].
La tasa de recolección de residuos sólidos: análisis desde la perspectiva tributaria ambiental
Authors: Mora Bernal Adriana , Ávila Larrea Javier
Published: June 2021

La recolección de residuos sólidos es una típica competencia municipal que se da por la prestación del servicio público y aunque pareciera no presentar particularidad, es posible repensarla a partir de los principios basados en la economía circular. A razón de lo mencionado, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar cuál es la situación actual de las tasas de recolección de residuos en el Ecuador, a la luz del principio quien contamina paga; toda vez que la Constitución de la República establece derechos al buen vivir, agua y medio ambiente sano como bienes jurídicos protegidos que los gobiernos municipales, a través de sus competencias constitucionales, pueden efectivizar en las tasas de recolección, incorporando elementos tributarios de carácter ambiental, permitiendo así aportar a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible.
El principio quien contamina paga aplicado a las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas del Ecuador, ¿es eficaz?
Authors: Cornejo Ramón Jose Gabriel , Cárdenas Cifuentes Manuela
Published: June 2021

Uno de los pilares que conforman el derecho ambiental es el conocido principio quien contamina paga, que en el derecho nacional se encuentra favorecido por la Constitución (dada su concepción biocéntrica del derecho), explicitado en el Código Orgánico del Ambiente y desarrollado por normas de inferior categoría en el ordenamiento jurídico. En la presente investigación se examina la finalidad de este principio, y su incorporación en la legislación nacional. Adicionalmente, se determina qué es lo que se entiende por micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas. El objetivo del artículo consiste en analizar la conveniencia de la aplicación del principio quien contamina paga aplicado a las MIPYMES del Ecuador. Estas se han visto afectadas por la aplicación de este principio a causa de la falta de recursos económicos y técnicos que las caracteriza, generándose así un problema tanto para dichas empresas como para la eficacia de la norma. Para este fin, se realizará un análisis general de la situación de estas empresas en el Ecuador y también, sobre su posición frente a las exigencias de la legislación ambiental ecuatoriana y la aplicabilidad del principio quien contamina paga.
Terapias de conversión sexual como violación a los derechos humanos
Authors: Carrillo Garzón Anahí Estefanía
Published: June 2021

En esta entrevista, realizada el 23 de octubre de 2020, el doctor Víctor Madrigal Borloz, Experto Independiente sobre Orientación Sexual e Identidad de Género de la Organización de las Naciones Unidad, es posible analizar a fondo las características de las prácticas de conversión sexual, los derechos vulnerados y el daño profundo que dejan en las víctimas; además de la relevancia que tiene actualmente este tema y la responsabilidad de los Estados frente a esta problemática.
Future Milk Production Prospects in India for Various Animal Species using Time Series Models
Authors: Devi Monika , Rahman Umme Habibah , Weerasinghe W.P.M.C.N. , Mishra Pradeep , Tiwari Shiwani , Karakaya Kadir
Published: June 2021

Background: The Indian dairy industry is contributing significantly to the country’s economic growth. Since the variations in milk production will be a huge matter for dairy products as well as for farmers, investors and policymakers in the country, an accurate forecast of milk production is extremely very important. Methods: This study represents an ARIMA modelling approach for forecasting the milk production in India and milk production by five major milk producing animal species namely, Cow, Buffalo, Goat, Sheep and Camel by using annual data from 1961 to 2018. ARIMA (0,2,1) model was selected as the best model in forecasting milk production in India. Result: There will be an increment in the overall milk production in India according to the study. Further, there will be an increase in buffalo, cow and goat milk production while a decrease in milk production by camels and sheep.
Persistent Hymen in a Jersey Crossbred Heifer-A Novel Approach with Borescope
Authors: Selvaraju M. , Varudharajan V. , Manivannan S. , Gopikrishnan D. , Prakash S. , Manokaran S.
Published: June 2021

Background: Visualizing the internal genital organs in cattle using vaginoscope or endoscope is a costly affair and practically it is not possible to use this instrument in diagnosis of anatomical defects causing infertility under field conditions. An attempt was made to replace the costly instruments with low cost and easily available borescope in the diagnosis of persistent hymen in a Jersey crossbred heifer and the procedure has been reported for the benefit of field veterinarians and theriogenologists. Methods: A Jersey crossbred heifer with normal estrous cycle length and that failed to conceive even after 6 inseminations with fertile semen was presented to the Gynaecological ward. Rectal examination revealed a fluctuating swelling in the vagina. Vaginal examination revealed obstruction in the passage and the vaginal speculum could not be progressed into the vagina. Ultrasonographic examination revealed hypoechoic fluid in the vaginal cavity. A novel approach with borescope revealed a clear view of the membranous obstruction at the level of vagino-vestibular junction. Hence, the case was diagnosed as persistent hymen and hymenotomy was performed. Result: Upon hymenotomy, about two litres of thick, gummy, tenacious reddish brown colored mucus was evacuated from the vagina. The patency was checked and the animal was treated with antibiotics for three days. The animal was inseminated at the subsequent estrus on the 22nd day and pregnancy was confirmed on 45th day. The animal calved normally and delivered a live male calf. Thus, the borescope could be effectively used in the field of animal reproduction as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of developmental defects in the vagina.
Anaerobic Digestion of Pineapple Waste for Biogas Production and Application of Slurry as Liquid Fertilizer Carrier for Phosphate Solubilizers
Authors: Unnikrishnan Gayathri , Ramasamy Vijayaraghavan
Published: June 2021

Background: Pineapple peel wastes was seasonal which comprised of peels and rags. Their disposal posed a serious environmental pollution. Since pineapple peel was rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and other carbohydrates it was found to be a potential substrate for methane generation by anaerobic digestion. Methods: Here pineapple peel and pulp wastes were collected. The Hydraulic Retention Time of biogas (HRT) was monitored regularly for nine days and at three days intervals in gas collection bladders (Hans Seamless latex valve bladders). The slurry collected was periodically treated with phosphate solubilizers- Providencia rettgeri, a bacterial solubilizer and Meyerozyma gullerimondi, an yeast solubilizer. The biometric parameters of Ananas comosus was tested after slurry application. The germination percent of Passiflora edulis were also calculated. Result: The best combination of biogas slurry with maximum manorial content for phosphate solubilizers were treatment with cow dung and fruit waste in the ratio 1:2 with high amount of magnesium: 0.0037%, followed by 0.075 N and 0.00054% P which was selected for biometric observations for plants. Pineapple waste were good source for making biogas and slurry obtained could be utilized as carriers for phosphate solubilising liquid fertilizers.
Experimental determination of compressor map of the DGEN 380 engine compressor using the WESTT CS/BV turbine engine simulator
Authors: Orkisz Marek , Pazura Karolina
Published: June 2021

Currently aviation focuses mainlly on increasing the economy and ecology of engines. Production of NOx, CO2 and SO adversaly impacts the environment. Parallel goal to minimize SFC to achieve both lower: emission and mission costs. The optimization of components is thus very important. One of the ways of optimizing cycle is doing that based on compressor maps. However it is very expensive to plot one since experimental work needs to be done. The aim of this article is to present a methodology of creating compressor map based on ENGINE ANALOGY. There was used the virtual bench WESTT CS/BV for tests to receive pressure ratio and mass flow of DGEN 380 for three different values of flight speed and altitude, while the rotational speed was changed. The construction similarity of CFM 56-5B and APS 3200 gives the opportunity to plotted compressor maps using the engine analogy without the need for an experiment or using the virtual bench.
Methodological basis of road acoustic researches
Authors: Batura Karolina Paula , Waligórski Marek
Published: June 2021

Transport is one of the most burdensome negative sources affecting the natural environment. Long-term exposure of the body to exhaust pollution can cause health problems and, in the worst case, even lead to death. In addition to exhaust emissions, traffic noise is another equally important issue. Due to its nature, variability over time or the design diversity of vehicles in the traffic flow, it is a phenomenon difficult to define. Like exhaust pollution, it affects people's health and quality of life. In addition to its direct impact on the human physical system, it can also cause psychosomatic disorders, which is why a detailed analysis of road noise taking into account the real operation of the vehicle is so important. The paper presents the basic concepts related to the problem of traffic noise in the world, determines the sources of noise in vehicles and the methodology of conducting acoustic road tests. At the final stage of the scientific paper, methods of reducing excessive noise levels in large urban agglomerations were also presented, and the effectiveness of using noise barriers on selected parts of the city road network using proprietary acoustic tests was assessed.
Migrações internacionais de jovens rurais: limites da reprodução social de agricultores familiares e construções da autonomia pessoal / International migration of rural youth: limits of family farmers social reproduction and constructions of personal auto
Authors: Marin Joel Orlando Bevilaqua , Drebes Laila Mayara
Published: June 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo compreender o fenômeno das migrações internacionais vividas por jovens rurais, a partir da inter-relação de fatores objetivos e subjetivos que interferem na reprodução familiar de agricultores. A pesquisa foi realizada em Itapuranga, estado de Goiás, com base em dados qualitativos, obtidos por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. As migrações internacionais estão relacionadas com a desestruturação da produção agrícola e dos meios de vida dos agricultores familiares, que limitam a construção da autonomia dos jovens rurais e de processos de sucessão hereditária. Ancoradas em longa tradição, as migrações internacionais de jovens rurais passaram a representar estratégias de ascensão social, emancipação pessoal e transição para a vida adulta. In this article, we aim to analyze the phenomenon of international migrations experienced by rural young people, based on the interrelationship between objective and subjective factors that limit the traditional strategies of social reproduction in agriculture and the construction processes of social autonomy and entry into adult life. The research was carried out in Itapuranga, state of Goiás, Brazil, based on qualitative data, obtained through semi-structured interviews. International migrations are related to the disruption of agricultural production and the livelihoods of family farmers and to changes in perceptions of rural life and work, which limit the processes of hereditary succession and the construction of the autonomy of rural youth. Anchored in a long tradition, the international migrations of rural youth  have begun to represent strategies of social ascension, personal emancipation and transition to adult life.
Percursos migratórios nos territórios da costura / Migratory routes in the sewing territories
Authors: Freitas Patrícia Tavares de
Published: June 2021

Neste artigo, abordaremos os percursos migratórios de bolivianos e bolivianas no interior dos territórios da costura em São Paulo e Buenos Aires. A partir de uma caracterização dessa migração como território circulatório, argumentamos ser necessária a compreensão das formas como os migrantes articulam, em sua experiência social, os vários fatos de mobilidade que compõem seus percursos migratórios na costura. Para tanto, propomos a metodologia das narrativas de vida como narrativas de práticas. Finalizamos o artigo com a apresentação de dois percursos típicos: i) aqueles que se integram de fato em uma das sociedades de destino, apresentando pouca probabilidade de retorno, mesmo quando seguem engajados nos territórios da costura e, ii) aqueles que retornam para a Bolívia após uma primeira experiência, com alta probabilidade de reinserção nos territórios da costura.  In this article, we will approach the migratory routes of Bolivians within the sewing territories in São Paulo and Buenos Aires. Based on a characterization of this migration as a circulatory territory, we argue that it is necessary to understand the ways in which migrants articulate, in their social experience, the various mobility facts that make up their migratory routes in sewing territories. Therefore, we propose the methodology of life narratives as narratives of practice. To conclude, we present two typical routes: i) those who actually integrate into one of the destination cities, presenting little probability of return, even when they remain engaged in the sewing territories and; ii) those who return to Bolivia after a first experience, with a high probability of reintegration in the sewing territories.
Villa El Salvador Ciudad de las Generaciones 1971-2021 50 años
Authors:   Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Romero Sotelo Miguel , Romero Maldonado Teresa
Published: June 2021

La obra rescata conceptos técnicos sobre urbanismo, desarrollo territorial, gestión social y la historia de la creación de Villa el Salvador, desde la mirada profesional de la arquitectura. Villa el Salvador es un caso exitoso de ordenamiento territorial que tuvo como clave la practicidad y visión de un modelo urbano que proyectó las necesidades presentes y futuras de su población, así como la participación activa y comprometida de los dirigentes sociales, representados por la Comunidad Urbana Autogestionaria de Villa el Salvador (Cuaves). Hoy, cuando la informalidad de la vivienda peruana alcanza el 80% y fomenta la vulnerabilidad y una calidad de vida precaria, el modelo urbano que rige Villa el Salvador es de gran aporte al promover con su sentido planificador el desarrollo humano sostenible en el tiempo.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with burnout syndrome among healthcare workers in Afghanistan
Authors: SAEED Khwaja Mir Islam
Published: June 2021

Objective: This study aims to identify the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BS) with its subscales of emotional exhausting (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) among frontline healthcare workers in Afghanistan.Methods: A total of 623 health workers contracted by NGOs participated in a cross-sectional study in ten provinces. A self-administered questionnaire including Maslach Burnout Inventory were used for data collection. Proportions and factors associated with BS were calculated. Epi info v.7 and SPSS v.20 were used for data management.Results:Totally, 264 were females (41.8%); 83% were married and two-third had ≥14 years of education. Half (58%) had monthly income of 130−260−260. The mean age was 32.5 years, by differentiation of 29.4 years in females and 34.9 years in males. Ten (1.6%)declared currently smoking and 5% dissatisfied with their job. Just 13% were doing private business besides current job. Average number of children was 3.4 and average years of experiences was 8.7. Proportion of high EE, DP and PA was 6.3%, 8.3% and 26.6% respectively. At multivariate analysis age, job satisfaction and work pressure were associated with EE; high level of DP was related to age and job satisfaction; and PA was associated with age, work load, work pressure, security and annual vacation. Conclusion: Frontline health workers are affected by various level of burnout syndrome. They should be supported by management with better work environment to prevent problem and provide quality health services.
Muallim Orhan Fuad Tarafından İlk Mekteplerin 4. Sınıfları İçin Yazılan “Musâhabât-ı Ahlâkiye ve Malûmât-ı Vataniye” Adlı Ders Kitabının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: DEMİRKAYA Muhammet , SELİMOĞLU Selim , GAZEL Ahmet
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1924 yılında Muallim Orhan FUAD tarafından ilk mekteplerin 4. sınıflarında okutulmak üzere yazılan “Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye 4” adlı ders kitabını farklı açılardan değerlendirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda “Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye 4” kitabı konu konu çözümlenmiştir. Diğer yandan konularla ilgili çeşitli açılardan yorumlar yapılmıştır. Çalışma, nitel türde olup doküman analizi yöntemiyle yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada öncelikle metinler, çeviri yazı özelliklerine uygun olarak Türkçeye aktarılmış; konular çözümlenmiş ve çeşitli değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda “Musahabat-ı Ahlakiye ve Malumat-ı Vataniye 4” kitabının; 1924 İlk Mektep Müfredat Programı’na genel anlamda uygun olduğu, metinlerin biçim ve içerik yönüyle kolaydan zora doğru sıralandığı, hedef kitlenin becerisini geliştirecek nitelikte olduğu ve Cumhuriyetin kurguladığı toplumun özelliklerini yansıttığı söylenebilir.
The Lifelog Monitoring System for Honeybees: RFID and Camera Recordings in an Observation Hive
Authors: Ai Hiroyuki , Takahashi Shinya ,   Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan,   Department of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Fukuoka University 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
Published: June 2021

A typical honeybee colony contains more than 15,000 individuals, each with its own task related to supporting the hive and maintaining the colony. In previous studies on honeybees, observing individual animals’ behaviors has been a difficult and time-consuming task to understand the relationship between in-hive communication and environmental changes outside the hive, therefore it is necessary in any attempt to develop applying a remote sensing technology. To allow researchers to pass much of this tracking work on to computers, we have developed the lifelog monitoring system for honeybees, which uses RFID and Raspberry Pi camera recordings. Our preliminary experiments consisted of several tests aimed at identifying the optimal conditions for this system. First, two commercial RFID readers with antennas were compared in terms of their sensitivity to signals from RFID tags placed at various distances. We found that the UP16-1000-J2 reader was much more sensitive and had a longer effective range compared to the UP4-200-J2. The most sensitive region in the RFID antenna on the UP16-1000-J2 reader was 30 mm long and 5 mm wide at its center. Based on this preliminary information, we designed and built a passage from the interior of the observation hive to the outside so that all RFID-tagged bees could be detected individually by the RFID reader as they walked through the passage. Moreover, to detect the direction of either departure or arrival of each bee, we placed two RFID antennas under the passage between the observation hive and the outside, one near each end of the passage. All departure and arrival times of RFID-tagged bees were detected with their ID numbers. Using recorded data from these two RFID readers, we could measure how much time each tagged bee spent outside the hive. In addition to RFID recording on the passage, we also tracked all in-hive movements of numbered RFID-tagged honeybees. In-hive movements were simultaneously, comprehensively and automatically recorded via six Raspberry Pi camera modules arranged on the two sides of the observation hive. The cameras were set to record from 6:30 to 19:30 every day for one month, once or twice each year from 2015 to 2018. The in-hive behaviors of these bees were analyzed according to a simultaneous tracking algorithm that we developed for this purpose. Data from the monitoring system revealed that time spent outside the hive increased markedly after following the waggle dance. In addition to its findings on bee behavior, this study also confirms the effectiveness of our recording system combining RFID and Raspberry Pi cameras for honeybee lifelog monitoring.
Logger Attaching System for Sperm Whales Using a Drone
Authors: Murakami Ryota , Toyoshima Takumi , Furusawa Daichi , Suzuki Masaru , Masumoto Kazunari , Owada Sho , Tsumaki Yuichi , Mori Kyoichi ,   Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University  4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa City, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan,   Department of Animal Science, Teikyo University of Science  2525 Yatsusawa, Uenohara, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan
Published: June 2021

The biologging approach of attaching a logger to the body of an animal provides information that cannot be obtained by conventional direct visual observation. Marine zoologists have used this technique for observing sperm whales preying on giant squids in the deep sea. However, it is almost impossible to capture a sperm whale to attach a logger, because of its large size. Therefore, researchers have used a long pole to attach a logger from a ship to the back of sperm whales. Unfortunately, this method is risky and requires a skilled team. In this paper, we propose a logger attaching system using a drone to solve this problem. The proposed method can be trained on land; thus, it is relatively easy to train a team, and the mobility of the drone can shorten the installation time. Several pieces of equipment developed for the proposed method are described in detail. Furthermore, field experiments were performed with sperm whales to confirm the feasibility of the system. A suction cup of the seventh prototype of the whale rover was adsorbed onto the back of a sperm whale. Although a complete installation was not possible, it was demonstrated that operation was possible in a short time using the proposed method.
Data-Driven Analysis for Understanding Team Sports Behaviors
Authors: Fujii Keisuke ,   Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan,   RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, RIKEN 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan,   PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency Kawaguchi Center Building, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi-shi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
Published: June 2021

Understanding the principles of real-world biological multi-agent behaviors is a current challenge in various scientific and engineering fields. The rules regarding the real-world biological multi-agent behaviors such as those in team sports are often largely unknown due to their inherently higher-order interactions, cognition, and body dynamics. Estimation of the rules from data, i.e., via data-driven approaches such as machine learning, provides an effective way to analyze such behaviors. Although most data-driven models have non-linear structures and high predictive performances, it is sometimes hard to interpret them. This survey focuses on data-driven analysis for quantitative understanding of behaviors in invasion team sports such as basketball and football, and introduces two main approaches for understanding such multi-agent behaviors: (1) extracting easily interpretable features or rules from data and (2) generating and controlling behaviors in visually-understandable ways. The first approach involves the visualization of learned representations and the extraction of mathematical structures behind the behaviors. The second approach can be used to test hypotheses by simulating and controlling future and counterfactual behaviors. Lastly, the potential practical applications of extracted rules, features, and generated behaviors are discussed. These approaches can contribute to a better understanding of multi-agent behaviors in the real world.
Investigation of Preliminary Motions from a Static State and Their Predictability
Authors: Xu Chaoshun , Fujiwara Masahiro , Makino Yasutoshi , Shinoda Hiroyuki ,   Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 277-8561, Japan,   JST PRESTO 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
Published: June 2021

Humans observe the actions of others and predict their movements slightly ahead of time in everyday life. Many studies have been conducted to automate such a prediction ability computationally using neural networks; however, they implicitly assumed that preliminary motions occurred before significant movements. In this study, we quantitatively investigate when and how long a preliminary motion appears in motions from static states and what kinds of motion can be predicted in principle. We consider this knowledge fundamental for movement prediction in interaction techniques. We examined preliminary motions of basic movements such as kicking and jumping, and confirmed the presence of preliminary motions by using them as inputs to a neural network. As a result, although we did not find preliminary motion for a hand-moving task, a left-right jumping task had the most preliminary motion, up to 0.4 s before the main movement.
Pose Estimation of Swimming Fish Using NACA Airfoil Model for Collective Behavior Analysis
Authors: Habe Hitoshi , Takeuchi Yoshiki , Terayama Kei , Sakagami Masa-aki ,   Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan,   Yokohama City University 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan,   Kyoto University Yosida Nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8316, Japan
Published: June 2021

We propose a pose estimation method using a National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) airfoil model for fish schools. This method allows one to understand the state in which fish are swimming based on their posture and dynamic variations. Moreover, their collective behavior can be understood based on their posture changes. Therefore, fish pose is a crucial indicator for collective behavior analysis. We use the NACA model to represent the fish posture; this enables more accurate tracking and movement prediction owing to the capability of the model in describing posture dynamics. To fit the model to video data, we first adopt the DeepLabCut toolbox to detect body parts (i.e., head, center, and tail fin) in an image sequence. Subsequently, we apply a particle filter to fit a set of parameters from the NACA model. The results from DeepLabCut, i.e., three points on a fish body, are used to adjust the components of the state vector. This enables more reliable estimation results to be obtained when the speed and direction of the fish change abruptly. Experimental results using both simulation data and real video data demonstrate that the proposed method provides good results, including when rapid changes occur in the swimming direction.
A Pilot Study of the Effects of Human Intervention on Canine Group Movement Behavior
Authors: Nagasawa Miho , Kuramochi Satomi , Hamamoto Azumi , Yamakawa Toshitaka , Kikusui Takefumi ,   Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan,   Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
Published: June 2021

Dogs are the oldest domesticated animals. The process of domestication of dogs is still unclear; however, they have established themselves as human partners and are sometimes more cooperative with humans than their conspecifics. In this study, to determine the effect of affiliative human presence on group behavior in dogs, we conducted short-time trials analyzing dog group movements. There was a hierarchical relationship in which juvenile dogs were aware of adult dogs, and adult dogs were aware of human movements. We also found that the age of the juvenile dog and the characteristics of their mothers may affect the movement behavior of juvenile dogs.
Perception of Vestibular Sensation During Turning Operation of Construction Machine
Authors: Okuda Koji ,   Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Ohbatake Youjirou , Kondo Daisuke
Published: June 2021

A major challenge in remote control is the reduction in work efficiency compared with on-board operation. The factors of reduction in work efficiency include a lack of information (information such as perspective, realistic sensation, vibration, and sound) compared to on-board operations. One of the factors is the lack of vestibular/somatosensory information regarding rotation. To clarify the effect of the presence of input of vestibular/somatosensory information regarding rotation on the worker’s operation, we conducted a basic laboratory experiment of a horizontal turning operation. The experimental results indicate that a response appropriate for the input of information regarding rotation can be made only with visual information; however, the reaction is delayed in the case without the input of information regarding rotation in comparison with a case with the input of information regarding rotation.
FST-Convoy: A Leader Tracking Control of Vehicles Connected by Shape Sensor FST
Authors: Ura Daisuke ,   Osaka University Central Terrace 5F, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, Masumoto Kotaro , Osuka Koichi
Published: June 2021

This paper describes FST-Convoy, a leader tracking control system for vehicles using the shape sensor flexible sensor tube (FST). Among many methods of autonomous driving, follow-driving is one of them. Some of these have been put into practical use in a limited environment. Unfortunately, there are situations in which such sensors do not work well. One of these is underground. In the underground, GNSS signals do not reach vehicles, so they cannot obtain their positions. Therefore, we propose a new way to achieve follow-driving in such environments. We used the shape sensor, FST. The FST is a shape sensor with a serial link structure and many joints. It can measure its shape by solving its kinematics and determine the relative position of the start link to the end link. Therefore, we can measure the relative positions of vehicles that connected a leader and a follower using FST. We call this system FST-Convoy. We developed and verified the system using a platooning-driving experiment.