bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Resistance Exercise Therapy on Patients' Physiological Status during Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: ALkhaqani Ahmed
Published: July 2022

Background: Management disorder of vital signs remains a critical issue worldwide, particularly regarding hypertension in chronic renal disease (CRD), both of which are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) and renal events. Physical inactivity resulting in poor exercise capacity is a common consequence of chronic kidney disease and is associated with increased mortality in the general population. Nursing management for patients undergoing hemodialysis requires an experienced nurse who understands the types of complications.
Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of resistance exercise therapy on patients’ physiological status by utilizing a checklist of physiological parameters and comparing it with a control group.
Patients and Methods: The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial (RCT), using a double-blind technique, and it was conducted on patients divided into two groups (study and control groups). A total of 63 patients were included as follows: 32 patients for the study group and 31 patients in the control group. The patients were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and were undergoing hemodialysis. The patients were randomly assigned to receive exercise therapy under the supervision of trained therapists during the second hour of the three routine hemodialysis treatments per week and under the supervision of the researcher. The study took place in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf City/Al-Sadder Medical City and Al-Hakeem Hemodialysis Center.
Results: The study results indicated an improvement in the physiological status of the study group compared to the control group.
Conclusions: Exercise therapy effectively improves the physiological status of patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Family Physicians and Osteoporosis in Babylon Governorate
Authors: Yasien Esraa , Kadhem Qais
Published: July 2022

Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone illness that occurs in males and females and is widely disturbed around the world. Research show that females are more affected after menopause than males due to decreased estrogen secretion. The aim of this research is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of family physicians concerning osteoporosis. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study started from May to July 2020 in Babylon region. Almost all family physicians work in rural and urban areas in Babylon governorate have been included in the current study. A self-administered questionnaire was collected after taking verbal consent from all participants, with no exclusion criteria. The first part focused on demographic and specialized practice information data, while the second part contained a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) survey.
Results: Out of 97 family physicians, 59% scored moderate, 34% poor, and 6% good in awareness response. Regarding attitude response, 76% were good, 22% moderate, and 2% poor. In practice response, 53% were moderate, 33% good, and 13% poor. There was a significant association between place of work and attitude, source of experience and practice, practice and osteoporosistraining course, practice and use of guidelines, and the years of work and practice.
Conclusions: Most family physicians in Babylon province had moderate awareness, good attitude, and moderate practice towards osteoporosis. Family doctors working in hospitals had poor attitude towards osteoporosis. Therefore, all family doctors can benefit from training courses, especially family doctors who work in a hospital. Further, the current osteoporosis guidelines must be revised for any mistakes.
Training Load, Neuromuscular Fatigue and Well-Being in Volleyball: A Systematic Review
Authors:   CIDEFES, Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal, Rebelo André , Pereira João R. , Cunha Paulo , Coelho-e-Silva Manuel J. , Sherar Lauren B. , Valente-dos-Santos João
Published: July 2022

Review question / Objective: This systematic review aims to compile and order all the training load measures, all fatigue assessments, and all well-being questionnaires used in volleyball training/match monitoring, systematizing them. Condition being studied: Training load: cumulative amount of stress placed on an individual from multiple sessions and games over a period of time. Neuromuscular fatigue: A response that is less than the expected or anticipated contractile response, for a given stimulation. Well-being: A continuous, active process, which is geared towards balancing one’s physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual wellness in order to enhance one’s life quality.5 In sport science the subjective measurement of the response to training and competition are used through the athlete self-report measures (ASRMs). In practice, these often comprise brief, single-item checklists derived from validated questionnaires that are intended to be completed daily.
Modern therapeutic approaches in food allergy
Authors:   II Pediatric Clinic, “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Alexoae Monica , Gotia Stela ,   II Pediatric Clinic, “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania, Ioniuc Ileana ,   II Pediatric Clinic, “Gr. T. Popa“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
Published: July 2022

Food allergy has a growing prevalence in children (6-8%) and represents a worrying public health problem. Despite the numerous controversies regarding the feeding in high atopic risk infants and children with food allergy, there are safe and effective drug therapies, some of them already in clinical trial phase (immunotherapy, anti-IgE agents, recombinant vaccines, Toll-like receptors agonists, chemokine and chemokine receptor antagonists)
Peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants: the importance of screening by transfontanellar ultrasound
Authors:   1st Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Ritivoiu Mirela Elena , Brezan Florin Nicolaie ,   1st Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Cristea Cosmina ,   2nd Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Codreanu Ioana ,   1st Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Goran Diana ,   1st Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania, Ghita Lucica ,   Institute for Mother and Child Care Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”. Bucharest, Romania, Anca Ioana Alina ,   1st Pediatric Clinic Prof. Dr. “A. Rusescu”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objectives. In preterm babies, peri-intraventricular hemorrhages (PIVH) might cause various degrees of neuropsycho-motor impairment. A 4-year prospective study (2009-2012) performed in the IOMC, was aimed to determine the prevalence of different degrees of PIVH diagnosed by head ultrasound (HUS) among 160 admitted preterm babies, the associated risk factors, along with the neuro-developmental effects on a 12-month follow-up period. Material and methods. In the above-mentioned period all admitted preterms were examined by transfontanelar ultrasound according to a standardized protocol based on Papile’s PIVH classification. For those preterms included in the study a 12-month systematic neurologic follow-up was performed. Results. PIVH grade I (45%) and II (37,5%) were the most prevalent types. Grade IV PIVH represented 4,4% from all PIVH cases. The good neurological outcome of grade I and II PIVH, was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01) for both types. Severe neurological sequelae were associated with grade III and IV and a statistically significant correlation (p<0.01) was found only for grade IV hemorrhages. Conclusion. Systematic HUS screenings for all preterm babies is useful for early diagnosis and PIVH staging, for neurologic outcome prediction, providing the appropriate management strategy and a well-suited parental counseling.
Aspecte de diagnostic şi evoluţie ale hemoragiei intraventriculare la prematuri
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Louis Ţurcanu“, Timişoara, România, Boia Mariana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Victor Babeş“, Timişoara, România, Manea Aniko Maria ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Louis Ţurcanu“, Timişoara, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Victor Babeş“, Timişoara, România, Nicoară Delia Maria ,   Spitalul Clinic de Urgenţă pentru Copii „Louis Ţurcanu“, Timişoara, România
Published: July 2022

Obiective. Lucrarea de faţă are ca scop analiza factorilor de risc, a gradelor de severitate şi a complicaţiilor asociate hemoragiei intraventriculare. Material şi metodă. Studiul retrospectiv, pe o perioadă de 5 ani, analizează 514 cazuri de prematuri cu semne ecografice specifice de hemoragie intraventriculară trataţi în Clinica de Puericultură şi Neonatologie Timişoara. Rezultate. Incidenţa bolii a variat indirect proporţional cu vârsta de gestaţie, fiind mai crescută în rândul prematurilor VLBW şi ELBW. Principalii factori de risc incriminaţi au fost acidoza, sindromul de detresă respiratorie, hipoxia şi hipercarbia. Repartiţia cazurilor pe grade de severitate a fost următoarea: gradul I – 204 cazuri (39,68%), gradul II – 142 cazuri (27,62%), gradul III – 91 cazuri (17,70%) şi gradul IV – 77 de cazuri (15%). Majoritatea cazurilor au fost asimptomatice, fiind diagnosticate în urma efectuării de rutină a ecografiei TF. 36% au avut evoluţie saltatorie, cu deteriorarea progresivă a statutului neurologic, alterarea tonusului muscular şi tulburări ale frecvenţei respiratorii. 21% au prezentat evoluţie catastrofală, cu bombarea fontanelei anterioare, dehiscienţa suturilor craniene, vărsături în jet, convulsii, postură de decerebrare şi perioade de apnee. Evoluţia la 6 luni a formaţiunilor hiperreflectogene a variat în funcţie de stadiul evolutiv al bolii, 28,9% dintre cazuri prezentând resorbţie completă, 35% chist în matricea germinală şi 25,87% ventriculomegalie. Concluzii. Ecografia transfontanelară a fost metoda de elecţie în stabilirea diagnosticului pozitiv. Ponderea mai mare a hemoragiei IV a fost întâlnită în rândul prematurilor VLBW şi ELBW, în rândul cărora au predominat formele severe de boală. Formele uşoare şi medii de boală au avut evoluţie bună, soldată în majoritatea cazurilor cu remisiunea parţială/completă a semnelor ecografice. Hidrocefalia obstructivă posthemoragică a fost cea mai frecventă complicaţie.
Sindromul Marshall (PFAPA). Experienţa Clinicii de Pediatrie Sibiu
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Pediatrie, Sibiu, România, Ioan Iurian Sorin , Mehedinţu Bogdan ,   Unitatea Primiri Urgenţe, Spitalul Clinic de Pediatrie, Sibiu, România
Published: July 2022

PFAPA este boală autoinflamatorie cronică caracterizată prin febră recurentă, stomatită aftoasă, faringită şi adenopatie. Autorii prezintă particularităţile diagnostice şi evolutive ale pacienţilor diagnosticaţi cu PFAPA, precum şi pattern-ul citokinic al acestora. Au fost incluşi în studiu 22 de pacienţi cu sindrom Marshall. S-a analizat pentru întregul lot vârsta de debut a simptomatologiei, durata dintre puseele febrile, durata de la debut la stabilirea diagnosticului, informaţii despre bilanţul inflamator. Legat de profilul citokinic, au fost comparate 2 loturi: „lotul PFAPA“ incluzând pacienţi între pusee şi „lotul non-PFAPA“ incluzând copii sănătoşi (lot martor). S-a studiat bilanţul inflamator şi nivelul citokinelor pro-inflamatorii/anti-inflamatorii pentru cele 2 loturi, în vederea identificării unui marker biologic sensibil pentru evoluţia bolii. Datele au fost analizate statistic utilizând „sample t test“. Rezultate. S-a remarcat indexul de suspiciune redus pentru PFAPA, boala fiind subdiagnosticată, iar diagnosticul stabilindu-se cu întârziere. Din analiza comparativă a bilanţului inflamator şi citokinic, s-a observat creşterea semnificativă a valorilor proteinei C reactive la lotul PFAPA versus lot martor, confirmând valoarea prognostică a acestei investigaţii pentru pacienţi în perioada intercritică. Concluzii. Diagnosticul PFAPA se stabileşte tardiv. Proteina C reactivă rămâne un marker sensibil pentru evoluţia bolii, chiar şi între puseele de activitate.
Hemoragia peri-intraventriculară la prematuri: importanţa screeningului prin ecografie transfontanelară
Authors:   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Ritivoiu Mirela Elena , Brezan Florin Nicolaie ,   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Cristea Cosmina ,   Clinica II Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Codreanu Ioana ,   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Goran Diana ,   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Ghita Lucica ,   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Anca Ioana Alina ,   Clinica I Pediatrie, Institutul pentru Ocrotirea Mamei şi Copilului „Alfred Rusescu“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

Obiective. Hemoragiile peri-intraventriculare (HPIV) pot determina la sugarii născuţi prematur diferite grade de retard neuropsihomotor. Un studiu prospectiv efectuat în IOMC pe o perioadă de 4 ani (2009-2012), pe un lot de 160 prematuri, a urmărit prevalenţa gradelor de HPIV diagnosticate prin ecografie transfontanelară (ETF), identificarea factorilor de risc asociaţi şi a severităţii afectării neurologice la aceşti pacienţi prin urmărirea lor pe o perioadă de 12 luni. Material şi metodă. Pe perioada studiului, prematurii internaţi în IOMC au fost examinaţi sistematic prin ETF, printr-un protocol standardizat; aprecierea gradelor HPIV s-a efectuat conform clasificării Papile. Evaluarea neurologică a fost efectuată sistematic până la vârsta de 1 an. Rezultate. Cel mai frecvent înregistrate au fost HPIV I şi II – 45%, respectiv 37,5% din numărul total de pacienţi. HPIV gradul IV au reprezentat 4,4%. În HPIV grad I şi II afectarea neurologică a fost uşoară, această corelaţie având semnificaţie statistică (p < 0,01) pentru ambele forme. Hemoragiile gradul III şi IV au fost asociate cu o evoluţie neurologică nefavorabilă, corelaţia între HPIV grad IV şi sechelele neurologice majore având semnificaţie statistică (p < 0,01). Concluzii. ETF efectuată de rutină tuturor prematurilor permite diagnosticul precoce şi stadializarea HPIV, aprecierea evoluţiei neurologice cu instituirea precoce a tratamentului şi asigurarea consilierii adecvate.
Diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants
Authors:   ”Louis Turcanu” Children’s Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania, Boia Mariana ,   ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Manea Aniko Maria ,   ”Louis Turcanu” Children’s Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania,   ”Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania, Nicoara Delia Maria ,   ”Louis Turcanu” Children’s Emergency Hospital, Timisoara, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study was to asses the risk factors, the grades of severity, and the complications associated with intraventricular hemorrhage. Methods. The retrospective study, conducted over a period of five years in the Neonatology Clinic Timisoara, included 514 preterm infants with specific sonographic signs of intraventricular hemorrhage (IV). Results. The incidence varied indirectly proportional to gestational age, being higher among preterm VLBW and ELBW. The main incriminated risk factors were: acidosis, respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxia and hypercarbia. The distribution of cases based on the degree of severity was as follows: grade I, 204 patients (39.68%), grade II, 142 patients (27.62%), grade III, 91 cases (17.70%) and grade IV, 77 cases (15%). Most cases were asymptomatic, being diagnosed based on routine ultrasound. 36% had saltatory evolution, with progressive deterioration of neurologic status, altered muscle tone and respiratory distress. 21% had catastrophic evolution with bulging fontanelle, projectile vomiting, seizures, decerebrate posturing, and apneic spells. Upon follow-up at 6 months, the outcome of the sonographic signs depended on the severity of the bleed, 28.9% cases presented complete resorption, 35% germinal matrix cyst and 25.87% ventriculomegaly. Conclusions. Transfontanellar ultrasound was the diagnostic method of choice. Most intraventricular bleedings were diagnosed among VLBW and ELBW infants, and were severe forms of disease. Mild and medium forms of disease had good outcome, with partial/ complete resolution of the ultrasonographic signs. Posthemorrhagic obstructive hydrocephalus was the most common complication.
Placental changes in a group of full-term newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
Authors:   Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clincal Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Calomfirescu-Avramescu Andreea , Ceauselu Luminita ,   Department of Pathology, Filantropia Clincal Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Dima Vlad ,   Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clincal Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Demetrian Mihaela ,   Department of Neonatology, Filantropia Clincal Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Balanescu Anca ,   Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Balanescu Paul ,   Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gherghina Ioan ,   Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   ”Alessandrescu-Rusescu” National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objectives. The aim of this study was to present and describe specific macroscopic and microscopic placental findings in patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Materials and methods. We conducted an observational prospective study which included 84 patients diagnosed with HIE and had available placental histopathological examination. HIE diagnosis was performed according to Sarnat Score. Both macroscopic and microscopic placental lesions were identified. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of placental lesions. Outcomes. Placental lesions were associated with HIE. Patients with both HIE and placental lesions had lower pH value (p <0.001) and lower Apgar scores (p=0.001). Conclusion. Antenatal placental lesions are present in full-term infants with encephalopathy and seem to define exactly one of the causes of this syndrome.
Environmental Effects in Herschel Observations of the Ionized Carbon Content of Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster∗
Authors: Minchin Robert , Fadda Dario , Taylor Rhys , Deshev Boris , Davies Jonathan
Published: July 2022

We use archival Herschel data to examine the singly ionized carbon ([C II]) content of 14 star-forming dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster. We use spectral energy distribution fits to far-infrared, mid-infrared, near-infrared, optical, and ultraviolet data to derive the total infrared continuum (TIR) for these galaxies. We compare the [C II]/TIR ratio for dwarf galaxies in the central part of Virgo to those in the southern part of the cluster and to galaxies with similar TIR luminosities and metallicities in the Herschel Dwarf Galaxy Survey (DGS) sample of field dwarf galaxies to look for signs of [C II] formation independent of star formation. Our analysis indicates that the sample of Virgo dwarfs in the central part of the cluster has significantly higher values of [C II]/TIR than the sample from the southern part of the cluster and the sample from the DGS, while the southern sample is consistent with the DGS. This [C II]/TIR excess implies that a significant fraction of the [C II] in the dwarf galaxies in the cluster center has an origin other than star formation and is likely to be due to environmental processes in the central part of the cluster. We also find a surprisingly strong correlation between [C II]/TIR and the local ram pressure felt by the dwarf galaxies in the cluster. In this respect, we claim that the excess [C II] we see in these galaxies is likely to be due to formation in ram-pressure shocks.
Parallel Plasma Loops and the Energization of the Solar Corona
Authors: Peter Hardi , Chitta Lakshmi Pradeep , Chen Feng , Pontin David I. , Winebarger Amy R. , Golub Leon , Savage Sabrina L. , Rachmeler Laurel A. , Kobayashi Ken , Brooks David H. , Cirtain Jonathan W. , De Pontieu Bart , McKenzie David E. , Morton Richard J. , Testa Paola , Tiwari Sanjiv K. , Walsh Robert W. , Warren Harry P.
Published: July 2022

The outer atmosphere of the Sun is composed of plasma heated to temperatures well in excess of the visible surface. We investigate short cool and warm (<1 MK) loops seen in the core of an active region to address the role of field-line braiding in energizing these structures. We report observations from the High-resolution Coronal imager (Hi-C) that have been acquired in a coordinated campaign with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). In the core of the active region, the 172 Å band of Hi-C and the 1400 Å channel of IRIS show plasma loops at different temperatures that run in parallel. There is a small but detectable spatial offset of less than 1″ between the loops seen in the two bands. Most importantly, we do not see observational signatures that these loops might be twisted around each other. Considering the scenario of magnetic braiding, our observations of parallel loops imply that the stresses put into the magnetic field have to relax while the braiding is applied: the magnetic field never reaches a highly braided state on these length scales comparable to the separation of the loops. This supports recent numerical 3D models of loop braiding in which the effective dissipation is sufficiently large that it keeps the magnetic field from getting highly twisted within a loop.
The Nature of Low-surface-brightness Galaxies in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
Authors: Greene Jenny E. , Greco Johnny P. , Goulding Andy D. , Huang 黄 Song 崧 , Kado-Fong Erin , Danieli Shany , Li 李 Jiaxuan 嘉轩 , Kim Ji Hoon , Komiyama Yutaka , Leauthaud Alexie , MacArthur Lauren A. , Sifón Cristóbal
Published: July 2022

We present the statistical redshift distribution of a large sample of low-surface-brightness (LSB) galaxies identified in the first 200 deg2 of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey Program. Through cross-correlation with the NASA–SDSS Atlas, we find that the majority of objects lie within z < 0.15 or ∼500 Mpc, yielding a mass range of M
* ≈ 107−109
M
⊙ and a size range of r
eff,g
≈ 1−8 kpc. We find a peak in the distance distribution within 100 Mpc, corresponding mostly to ∼107
M
⊙ galaxies that fall on the known mass–size relation. There is also a tail in the redshift distribution out to z ≈ 0.15, comprising more massive (M
* = 108 − 109
M
⊙) galaxies at the larger end of our size range. We see tentative evidence that at the higher-mass end (M
* > 108
M
⊙), the LSB galaxies do not form a smooth extension of the mass–size relation of higher-surface-brightness galaxies, perhaps suggesting that the LSB galaxy population is distinct in its formation path.
Numerical Investigations of Catastrophe in Coronal Magnetic Configuration Triggered by Newly Emerging Flux
Authors: Chen Yuhao , Ye Jing , Mei Zhixing , Shen Chengcai , Roussev Ilia I. , Forbes Terry G. , Lin Jun , Ziegler Udo
Published: July 2022

We performed 2D magnetohydrodynamical numerical experiments to study the response of the coronal magnetic configuration to the newly emerging magnetic flux. The configuration includes an electric-current-carrying flux rope modeling the prominence floating in the corona and the background magnetic field produced by two separated magnetic dipoles embedded in the photosphere. Parameters for one dipole are fixed in space and time to model the quiet background, and those for another one are time dependent to model the new flux. These numerical experiments duplicate important results of the analytic solution but also reveal new results. Unlike previous works, the configuration here possesses no symmetry, and the flux rope could move in any direction. The non-force-free environment causes the deviation of the flux rope equilibrium in the experiments from that determined in the analytic solution. As the flux rope radius decreases, the equilibrium could be found, and it evolves quasi-statically until the flux rope reaches the critical location at which the catastrophe occurs. As the radius increases, no equilibrium exists at all. During the catastrophe, two current sheets form in different ways. One forms as the surrounding closed magnetic field is stretched by the catastrophe, and another one forms as the flux rope squeezes the magnetic field nearby. Although reconnection happens in both the current sheets, it erases the first one quickly and enhances the second simultaneously. These results indicate the occurrence of the catastrophe in asymmetric and non-force-free environment, and the non-radial motion of the flux rope following the catastrophe.
Spectra of Cosmic-Ray Sodium and Aluminum and Unexpected Aluminum Excess
Authors: Boschini M. J. , Torre S. Della , Gervasi M. , Grandi D. , Jóhannesson G. , La Vacca G. , Masi N. , Moskalenko I. V. , Pensotti S. , Porter T. A. , Quadrani L. , Rancoita P. G. , Rozza D. , Tacconi M.
Published: July 2022

Since its launch, the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02) has delivered outstanding quality measurements of the spectra of cosmic-ray (CR) species,

p

¯

, e
±, and nuclei (H–Si, Fe), which resulted in a number of breakthroughs. The most recent AMS-02 result is the measurement of the spectra of CR sodium and aluminum up to ∼2 TV. Given their low solar system abundances, a significant fraction of each element is produced in fragmentations of heavier species, predominantly Ne, Mg, and Si. In this paper, we use precise measurements of the sodium and aluminum spectra by AMS-02 together with ACE-CRIS and Voyager 1 data to test their origin. We show that the sodium spectrum agrees well with the predictions made with the GalProp-HelMod framework, while the aluminum spectrum shows a significant excess in the rigidity range from 2–7 GV. In this context, we discuss the origin of other low-energy excesses in Li, F, and Fe found earlier. The observed excesses in Li, F, and Al appear to be consistent with the local Wolf-Rayet stars hypothesis, invoked to reproduce anomalous 22Ne/20Ne, 12C/16O, and 58Fe/56Fe ratios in CRs, while excess in Fe is likely connected with a past supernova activity in the solar neighborhood. We also provide updated local interstellar spectra (LIS) of sodium and aluminum in the rigidity range from a few megavolts to ∼2 TV. Our calculations employ the self-consistent GalProp-HelMod framework, which has proved to be a reliable tool in deriving the LIS of CR

p

¯

, e
−, and nuclei Z ≤ 28.
The Independence of Oscillatory Reconnection Periodicity from the Initial Pulse
Authors: Karampelas Konstantinos , McLaughlin James A. , Botha Gert J. J. , Régnier Stéphane
Published: July 2022

Oscillatory reconnection can manifest through the interaction between the ubiquitous MHD waves and omnipresent null points in the solar atmosphere and is characterized by an inherent periodicity. In the current study, we focus on the relationship between the period of oscillatory reconnection and the strength of the wave pulse initially perturbing the null point, in a hot coronal plasma. We use the PLUTO code to solve the fully compressive, resistive MHD equations for a 2D magnetic X-point. Using wave pulses with a wide range of amplitudes, we perform a parameter study to obtain values for the period, considering the presence and absence of anisotropic thermal conduction separately. In both cases, we find that the resulting period is independent of the strength of the initial perturbation. The addition of anisotropic thermal conduction only leads to an increase in the mean value for the period, in agreement with our previous study. We also consider a different type of initial driver and we obtain an oscillation period matching the independent trend previously mentioned. Thus, we report for the first time on the independence between the type and strength of the initializing wave pulse and the resulting period of oscillatory reconnection in a hot coronal plasma. This makes oscillatory reconnection a promising mechanism to be used within the context of coronal seismology.
Global Kinetic Modeling of the Intrabinary Shock in Spider Pulsars
Authors: Cortés Jorge , Sironi Lorenzo
Published: July 2022

Spider pulsars are compact binary systems composed of a millisecond pulsar and a low-mass companion. The relativistic magnetically dominated pulsar wind impacts onto the companion, ablating it and slowly consuming its atmosphere. The interaction forms an intrabinary shock, a proposed site of particle acceleration. We perform global fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of the intrabinary shock, assuming that the pulsar wind consists of plane-parallel stripes of alternating polarity and that the shock wraps around the companion. We find that particles are efficiently accelerated via shock-driven reconnection. We extract first-principles synchrotron spectra and light curves, which are in good agreement with X-ray observations: (1) the synchrotron spectrum is nearly flat, F

ν
∝ const; (2) when the pulsar spin axis is nearly aligned with the orbital angular momentum, the light curve displays two peaks, just before and after the pulsar eclipse (pulsar superior conjunction), separated in phase by ∼0.8 rad; (3) the peak flux exceeds the one at the inferior conjunction by a factor of 10.
Properties of Dense Molecular Gas along the Major Axis of M82
Authors: Li Fei , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Wang Junzhi , Gao Feng , Li Shanghuo , Zhou Jing , Sun Yichen , Guo Ziyi , Liu Shu
Published: July 2022

Dense gas is important for galaxy evolution and star formation. Optically thin dense-gas tracers, such as isotopologues of HCN, HCO+, etc., are very helpful in diagnosing the excitation conditions of dense molecular gas. However, previous studies of optically thin dense-gas tracers mostly focused on the average properties of galaxies as a whole, due to limited sensitivity and angular resolution. M82, a nearby prototype starburst galaxy, offers a unique case for spatially resolved studies with single-dish telescopes. With the IRAM 30 m telescope, we observed the J = 1 → 0 transition of H13CN, HC15N, H13CO+, HN13C, H15NC, and SiO J = 2 → 1, HC3N J = 10 → 9, and H2CO J = 2 → 1 toward five positions along the major axis of M82. The intensity ratios of I(HCN)/I(H13CN) and I(HCO+)/I(H13CO+) show a significant spatial variation along the major axis, with lower values in the central region than those on the disk, indicating higher optical depths in the central region. The optical depths of HCO+ lines are found to be systematically higher than those of HCN lines at all positions. Furthermore, we find that the 14N/15N ratios have an increasing gradient from the center to the outer disk.
Influence of Spike-Nosed Length on Aerodynamic Drag of a Wing-Projectile Model
Authors: Van Minh Do , T. Hung Tran , Xuan Son Bui , D. Anh Le
Published: July 2022

In this study, the effect of spike-nosed length on aerodynamic drag of a wing-projectile model was investigated at supersonic conditions. The projectile BK-13 with convex nose was selected for the study. The ratio of nose diameter and model diameter was fixed at around 0.34 while the ratio of the length of the nose and the model diameter was changed from 1.25 to 2.75. Numerical simulation with turbulent model k-ε was applied for flow structure around the model. The effect of mesh size and numerical models on the drag of the standard model was investigated. The study showed that numerical methods allow to obtain highly accurate drag coefficients. As the length of aerospike increases, the drag coefficient quickly decreases and obtains a minimum value at l/D = 2.0. The effect of spike-nosed length and velocity on flow pattern and drag of the model was ex-plained in details in this study
The Impact of Extent of Resection on the Prognosis of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chaulagain Dipak , Smolanka Volodymyr , Smolanka Andriy , Munakomi Sunil
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the predictor factors of mortality describing the prognosis of primary surgical resection of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM).
Materials and Methods:
A systemic search was conducted from electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) from inception to 12th September 2021.  All statistical analysis was conducted in Review Manager 5.4.1. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were selected. A random-effect model was used when heterogeneity was seen to pool the studies, and the result were reported in the Hazards Ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% Confidence interval (CI).
Result:
Twenty-three cohort studies were selected for meta-analysis. There was statistically significant effect of extent of resection on prognosis of surgery in GBM patients (HR= 0.90 [0.86, 0.95]; p< 0.0001; I2= 96%), male gender (HR= 1.19 [1.06, 1.34]; p= 0.002; I2= 0%) and decrease Karnofsky Performance Status (HR= 0.97 [0.95, 0.99]; p= 0.003; I2= 90%). Age and tumor volume was also analyzed in the study.
Conclusion:
The results of our meta-analysis suggested that age, gender, pre-operative KPS score and extent of resection have significant effects on the post-surgical mortality rate, therefore, these factors can be used significant predictor of mortality in GBM patients.
Sanitation and Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation in Pregnancy Outcomes: Literature Review
Authors: Miranti Miranti , Arsin A. Arsunan , Amiruddin Ridwan , Hadju Veny , Wahyu Atjo , Palutturi Sukri , Basir-Cyio Muhammad , Sabir Muhammad , Mutiarasari Diah , Harun Haerani , Rahma Rahma , Wahyuni Rosa Dwi , Suarayasa Ketut
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Around 2.6 billion people lack proper sanitation. In addition, nutritional problems such as multiple micronutrient (MMN) deficiency can increase morbidity, mortality, and impaired neurocognitive growth at later stages of life. In addition to the need for a sanitary approach, a globally applicable strategy to prevent micronutrient deficiencies in pregnant women, UNICEF recommends the use of MMN for prenatal supplementation as an initial program in developing countries, to reduce the risk of poor birth outcomes.

AIM: The aim of this literature study was to analyze the relationship between sanitation and the multimicronutrient (MMN) approach in pregnancy and birth outcomes.

METHODS: This research was conducted using literature review method. Various references were collected from online database including reports, journals, and books. The journals were mostly from the scholarly journals. The articles were screened according to the research objectives. The keywords used are sanitation, pregnancy, and multiple micronutrient approach.

RESULTS: Several studies have shown that sanitation and the multi micronutrient (MMN) approach play a role in determining pregnancy outcomes. We conclude that the importance of sanitation on pregnancy outcome is to reduce the chance of infection. The importance of MMN in pregnancy outcomes is that mothers who consume MMN during pregnancy can reduce the risk of poor birth output. The role of stakeholders is needed in the future.

CONCLUSIONS: Several studies have shown that sanitation and multi micronutrient (MMN) play a role in determining pregnancy outcome.
Aquatic beetle diversity from Volcán Tacaná, Mexico: altitudinal distribution pattern and biogeographical affinity of the fauna
Authors: Luna-Luna Alba Magali , Martins Caleb Califre , López-Pérez Andrés , Ramírez-Ponce Andrés , Contreras-Ramos Atilano
Published: July 2022

Results of an aquatic beetle survey at Volcán Tacaná, Mexico, are presented with five altitudinal levels in a monthly sampling regime, aiming to estimate both diversity and altitudinal distribution patterns of the aquatic beetle fauna. The first list of aquatic beetle species from this mountain is presented, comprising 40 species in 32 genera and nine families, with four species recorded for the first time from Mexico and six recorded for the first time from Chiapas. The aquatic beetle fauna is characterized by Elmidae with 20 species, Dytiscidae with eleven species, Dryopidae with three, and Epimetopidae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Gyrinidae, Lutrochidae, and Noteridae with one species each. The species composition through the sampled altitudinal gradient (670–1,776 m) was not homogeneous, with the elmid generaMacrelmis,Heterelmis,Microcylloepus, andAustrolimniuspresent at all levels, whileHexanchorus,Neoelmis, andOnychelmiswere present at levels 1–3 (673–1,214 m); dytiscids were mostly present at levels 4 and 5 (1,619–1,776 m), and dryopids were present only at levels 1–3. A Parsimony Analysis of Endemicity supports a general partition between altitudinal levels 1–3 and levels 4 + 5.
Checklist of the caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) of the Upper Midwest region of the United States
Authors: Houghton David C. , DeWalt R. Edward , Hubbard Todd , Schmude Kurt L. , Dimick Jeffrey J. , Holzenthal Ralph W. , Blahnik Roger J. , Snitgen James L.
Published: July 2022

Five hundred and fifty-two caddisfly species are reported from the Upper Midwest region of the United States, an area that includes 13 states and ~ 2 million km2. Of these, 62 species are reported for the first time from the state of Iowa, 25 from Wisconsin, 18 from South Dakota, 12 from Illinois, five from Indiana, four from North Dakota, four from Minnesota, and one from Nebraska. The Upper Midwest fauna contains nearly 40% of all species known from the United States and Canada, as well as 22 species endemic to the region. Overall species richness was highest in Michigan (319 species), Kentucky (296), Minnesota (292), and Wisconsin (284). Differences in state species assemblages within the region largely followed a geographic pattern, with species richness declining in the western prairie states. There are almost certainly further species remaining to be found in this large region.
La fin de la psychothérapie institutionnelle
Authors: Gelly Frédéric
Published: July 2022

La psychothérapie institutionnelle a dominé la pensée psychiatrique depuis son apparition à la fin de la Seconde Guerre Mondiale. Après avoir présenté le contexte historique de son développement et ses concepts fondateurs, nous présentons les modèles qui ont aujourd’hui pris sa place. Avant de proposer des pistes de réflexions sur les fondements sociaux de ce profond changement de paradigme.
Les transformations de la structure financière du grand patronat tunisien
Authors: Oubenal Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Nous étudions, dans cet article, le rapport entre pouvoir politique et capital privé en Tunisie en analysant l’évolution de la structure de gouvernance financière des entreprises cotées. Pendant l'ère Ben Ali, le contrôle des patrons tunisiens se faisait par un système de sanctions avec la présence d’administrateurs centraux liés au clan Ben Ali-Trabelsi. Après le soulèvement de 2011, d'importants groupes familiaux ont profité des opportunités économiques liées à la saisie des biens du clan du président, avec une stratégie d’acquisition de positions dans le secteur financier. L'analyse du réseau montre aussi la centralité de nouveaux acteurs qui ont un profil de technocrates financiers. Classification JEL : A14, N27, Z13
Une perspective de droit économique sur les engagements volontaires des firmes en matière d’éthique et de conformité
Authors: Marty Frédéric
Published: July 2022

Résumé : L’engagement éthique des entreprises joue-t-il effectivement sur leurs comportements et ne présente-t-il pas toutes les limites habituelles de l’autorégulation ? Les contributions présentées dans le domaine du droit du numérique et du droit de l’environnement montrent que les engagements volontaires peuvent avoir une véritable effectivité si les manquements sont sanctionnés. Cette sanction peut également procéder des parties prenantes au travers de l’atteinte portée à la réputation d’une firme dont le comportement s’écarterait de ses engagements.
Comparing a single dose of xylanase to a double dose or cocktail of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes in broiler chicken diets
Authors: Morgan N. , Bhuiyan M.M. , Wallace A. , Hopcroft R.
Published: July 2022

This study compared supplementation with a single dose of xylanase to a double dose of xylanase or a non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzyme cocktail (NSP-ase cocktail) on productive performance, nutrient utilisation and the gastrointestinal environment in broilers fed commercial diets. Cobb 500 broilers (n=1,080) were fed 12 dietary treatments; four Australian commercial diets (based on wheat-barley, wheat-maize, wheat-sorghum or wheat only) with three different enzyme treatments (single dose of xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg), double dose of xylanase (32,000 BXU/kg) or NSP-ase cocktail (xylanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, mannanase, galactanase, arabinofuranosidase). There were 108 pens, nine replicates per dietary treatment, with 10 birds per pen. Performance (total pen body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio corrected for mortality) was determined at d 0-35. On d 35, one male and one female were weighed individually and used to determine breast meat, thigh and drumstick weight, dry matter (DM) contents from the gizzard, jejunum and ileum, ileal protein, energy, starch and dry matter digestibility, ileal viscosity and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) concentration, caecal microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition. The double dose of xylanase and NSP-ase cocktail had no effect on bird performance, meat yield, ileal viscosity, ileal starch, energy or DM digestibility or digesta DM content. The double xylanase dose and NSP-ase cocktail increased protein digestibility in birds fed the wheat-sorghum based diet (P=0.041) and increased caecal concentration of butyric acid in birds fed the wheat-maize based diet (P=0.040), and propionic, valeric and lactic acid and Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteria spp. in birds fed the wheat-based diet (P<0.05). The double xylanase dose increased XOS production, particularly in birds fed the wheat-barley based diets (P<0.05). The lack of performance effects observed when feeding the double xylanase dose or NSP-ase cocktail suggested that the current recommended xylanase dose (16,000 BXU/kg) is sufficient.
The role of social media as a voluntary intellectual capital disclosure in university: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Herli Mohammad , Tjahjadi Bambang
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This paper explains the influence of social media as voluntary disclosure of intellectual capital in university performance.Design/methodology/approach: We conduct an analysis of all universities in Indonesia and observe social media accounts that are used, such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube channels, and then correlate with university performance.Findings: The results show that social media can be used as a voluntary disclosure of intellectual capital. The popularity of a university in social media has a positive correlation with the performance of relational capital and institutional performance. We have not found the impact on the number of students. We also find a significant difference in the use of social media between public and private universities in Indonesia.Research limitations/implications: Data comes from one country. Therefore, it may be possible to analyze several countries with different social media platforms in the futurePractical implications: Viewed from a strategic management perspective, we see an opportunity for universities to manage social media that is used effectively. This will have an impact on increasing popularity in cyberspace and institutional performance. We recommend that universities have a special part in managing their social media content in order to be able to develop and manage digital communications effectively as a strategy to improve the performance of institutions.Social Implications: Social media plays an important role in improving the performance of an organization and informing stakeholders. Besides that, the existence of intangible assets also plays an important role in the existence of an organization.Originality/value: The paper specifically empirically examines the impact of using social media on public sector organizations (universities), we focus on the role of social media as voluntary disclosure from the performance of intellectual capital.
Investigating the S-parameter (|S11|) of CPW-fed antenna using four different dielectric substrate materials for RF multiband applications
Authors: Singh Sandeep Kumar , Sharan Tripurari , Singh Arvind Kumar
Published: July 2022

This article aims to examine the |S11| parameter of a multiband Coplanar Waveguide (CPW)-fed antenna. The proposed square-shaped antenna-1 (Ant.1) and antenna-2 (Ant. 2) are primarily composed of three ground terminal stubs: Terminal-1 (T1), Terminal-2 (T2), and Terminal-3 (T3), all of which have an inverted L-shaped radiating patch. The proposed antennas' resonance frequencies (fr) can be adjusted by the electrical dimension and length of the stub resonators, the dielectric constant (εr) of substrate materials, and their appropriate thicknesses. It will have an impact on their return loss (|S11|), Impedance Bandwidth (IBW), radiation pattern, and antenna performance in terms of frequency characteristics, as demonstrated in this article. The proposed structure based on Flame-Retardant fiber glass epoxy (FR4) substrate covered a wideband frequency range from 1.5 to 3.2 GHz, (IBW = 1.7 GHz) and from 3.4 to 3.65 GHz (IBW = 0.25 GHz). The total IBW is 1.95 GHz, at S11 ≤ −10 dB with three resonance frequencies of values fr1 = 1.75, fr2 = 2.65, and fr3 = 3.50 GHz) for triple-band applications. The results are compared with the research work reported earlier. The proposed Ant.1 ensured, dual and triple band applications whereas the proposed Ant. 2 ensured dual, triple and quad bands applications with reasonable antennas' sizes similar to the earlier reported works. Furthermore, the impacts of various substrate materials as well as different lengths of multi-stub resonators on the operating bands and resonance frequency are thoroughly explored and analyzed for these antennas.
Simplification of logical functions with application to circuits
Authors: Feng Jun-e , Zhao Rong , Cui Yanjun
Published: July 2022

The simplification problem of logical functions is investigated via the matrix method. First, necessary and sufficient conditions are put forward for the decomposition of logical matrices. Based on this, several criteria are proposed for the simplification of logical functions. Furthermore, an algorithm, which can derive simpler logical forms, is developed, and illustrative examples are given to verify the effectiveness. Finally, the obtained theoretical results are applied to the simplification of electric circuits.