bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of differentially expressed circRNAs in prostate cancer of different clinical stages by RNA sequencing
Authors: Wang Xing , Huang Ruizhen , Yu Juhui , Zhu Fei , Xi Xiaoqing , Huang Yawei , Zhang Chiyu , Hu Honglin
Published: December 2023

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are linked to cancer, but it's still not clear what role they play in prostatic cancer. Through high-throughput sequencing, the goal of this study was to compare how circRNAs are expressed at different stages of prostate cancer. 12 patients attending the Department of Urology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between June 2020 and October 2021 were used for RNA sequencing, and 14 patients were used for real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression profiles of prostate cancer circRNAs were constructed by sequencing with the help of next-generation high-throughput sequencing technology, and the differentially expressed circRNAs were analyzed by targeting microRNA (miRNA) loci and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the genes from which circRNAs originated. Finally, the expression of target circRNAs in two prostate tissues was verified by qRT-PCR. Following high-throughput sequencing, 13,047 circRNAs were identified, and 605 circRNAs with significant differential expression were identified, of which 361 circRNAs were up-regulated, and 244 circRNAs were down-regulated. Analysis of circRNA-originated genes using GO and the KEGG enrichment analysis showed that circRNA host genes can regulate and influence multiple signaling pathways in prostate cancer with important biological functions. And the circRNA–miRNA network was constructed. The highest number of differentially expressed circRNA-binding miRNAs were: hsa_circ_000 7582 (52), hsa_circ_000 6198 (37), hsa_circ_000 6759 (28), hsa_circ_000 5675 (25), and hsa_circ_000 2172 (22). Moreover, we further screened out the circRNA (hsa_circ_0005692) that was significantly differentially expressed and common to all groups and verified by qRT-PCR that the expression of the target circRNA (hsa_circ_0005692) was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues.
Efficient generation of brain organoids using magnetized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Hongwon , Lee Yoo-Jung , Kwon Youngeun , Kim Jongpil
Published: December 2023

Brain organoids, which are three-dimensional cell culture models, have the ability to mimic certain structural and functional aspects of the human brain. However, creating these organoids can be a complicated and difficult process due to various technological hurdles. This study presents a method for effectively generating cerebral organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using electromagnetic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). By exposing mature cerebral organoids to magnetized AuNPs, we were able to cultivate them in less than 3 weeks. The initial differentiation and neural induction of the neurosphere occurred within the first week, followed by maturation, including regional patterning and the formation of complex networks, during the subsequent 2 weeks under the influence of magnetized AuNPs. Furthermore, we observed a significant enhancement in neurogenic maturation in the brain organoids, as evidenced by increased histone acetylation in the presence of electromagnetic AuNPs. Consequently, electromagnetic AuNPs offer a promising in vitro system for efficiently generating more advanced human brain organoids that closely resemble the complexity of the human brain.
MOF (UiO-66-NH2)@COF (TFP–TABQ) hybrids via on-surface condensation reactions for sustainable energy storage
Authors: Pakulski Dawid , Montes-García Verónica , Czepa Włodzimierz , Marcinkowski Dawid , Peng Haijun , Chudziak Tomasz , Gorczyński Adam , Kukułka Wojciech , Valentini Cataldo , Patroniak Violetta , Samorì Paolo , Ciesielski Artur
Published: December 2023

A core–shell MOF@COF hybrid was developed for energy storage applications by using on-surface condensation reactions on the MOF UiO-66-NH2 template.
Highly luminescent olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Zong Lina , Huang Ning
Published: December 2023

We developed a highly luminescent olefin-linked covalent organic framework, which exhibits a new record fluorescence quantum yield of 41%.
A DNA rotary nanodevice operated by enzyme-initiated strand resetting
Authors: Chandrasekaran Arun Richard
Published: December 2023

This work demonstrates the use of different types of stimuli in a single operation to reconfigure a paranemic crossover (PX) DNA nanodevice, resulting in a 180° rotation of the helical domains.
A strategy for obtaining isostructurality despite structural diversity in coordination compounds
Authors: Amani Vahid , Esmaeili Maryam , Norouzi Fataneh , Khavasi Hamid Reza
Published: December 2023

To report a methodology for the construction of supramolecular architectures to obtain isostructural compounds through the diversion of the structures, a series of mercury complexes containing N-(3-halophenyl)-2-pyridinecarboxamide ligands, have been synthesized for a systematic.
TEMPO-immobilized metal–organic frameworks for efficient oxidative coupling of 2-aminophenols and aldehydes to benzoxazoles
Authors: Lee Jonghyeon , Lee Daeyeon , Cha Seungheon , Kang Jiwon , Kang Houng , Kim Jin Yeong , Kim Min
Published: December 2023

The utilization of TEMPO radical-immobilized metal–organic frameworks for the oxidative cyclization of aldehydes and aminophenols to benzoxazoles has been achieved.
What kind of interactions we may get moving from zwitter to “dritter” ions: C–O⋯Re(O4) and Re–O⋯Re(O4) anion⋯anion interactions make structural difference between l-histidinium perrhenate and pertechnetate
Authors: Novikov Anton P. , Safonov Alexey V. , German Konstantin E. , Grigoriev Mikhail S.
Published: December 2023

This manuscript reports the synthesis and X-ray characterization of l-histidinium perrhenate and pertechnetate and a new type of anion⋯anion interaction.
Hydrophobic and water resistant fish leather: a fully sustainable combination of discarded biomass and by-products of the food industry
Authors: Fadda Marta , Zych Arkadiusz , Carzino Riccardo , Athanassiou Athanassia , Perotto Giovanni
Published: December 2023

Upcycling biomass often results in materials with reduced performance. Here we show that high performance materials can be created by engineering only food byproducts. Oil-based building blocks are used to waterproofing leather from salmon skin.
Horizontal flux growth as an efficient preparation method of CeRh2As2 single crystals
Authors: Chajewski Grzegorz , Szymański Damian , Daszkiewicz Marek , Kaczorowski Dariusz
Published: December 2023

Flux growth in a horizontal configuration is a promising method for obtaining single crystals possessing highly uniform physical properties. Using the example of CeRh2As2, we demonstrate the technique is repeatable and easily scalable.
Recent advances using MXenes in biomedical applications
Authors: Lee I-Chi , Li Yi-Chen Ethan , Thomas James L. , Lee Mei-Hwa , Lin Hung-Yin
Published: December 2023

The structure of this review includes applications of MXenes in drug delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial, and in biosensors.
Design, synthesis, and antiviral activities of myricetin derivatives containing pyridazinone
Authors: Xing Li , An Youshan , Qin Yishan , Xin Hui , Deng Tianyu , Meng Kaini , Liu Da , Xue Wei
Published: December 2023

The natural product myricetrin was obtained, structurally modified to introduce pyridazinone active small molecules, and studied for antiviral activity.
Metal–organic framework (UiO-66 and UiO-66-NH2)-based adsorbents for bilirubin removal used in hemoperfusion
Authors: Liu Yi , Yuan Zhipeng , Chen Yanrong
Published: December 2023

UiO-66 and amino modified UiO-66-NH2 hemoperfusion adsorbents were prepared. The unsaturated coordination zirconium and amino functional groups on UiO-66-NH2 can achieve efficient removal of albumin bound bilirubin.
Magnetic response of photonic crystals based on nucleating agents of binuclear complexes
Authors: Tu Mengdong , Xu Mengying , Wei Xi , Gong Depeng , Chen Jun , Zhang Chaocan
Published: December 2023

In the synthesis of Fe3O4 MRPCs via the solvothermal reduction route, The formation of a binuclear iron complex involving both Fe2+ and Fe3+ is key to imparting the product with monodispersity, superparamagnetism and magnetochromatic properties.
Skin in the game: pannexin channels in healthy and cancerous skin
Authors: O'Donnell Brooke L. , Penuela Silvia
Published: December 2023

The skin is a highly organized tissue composed of multiple layers and cell types that require coordinated cell to cell communication to maintain tissue homeostasis. In skin cancer, this organized structure and communication is disrupted, prompting the malignant transformation of healthy cells into melanoma, basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma tumours. One such family of channel proteins critical for cellular communication is pannexins (PANX1, PANX2, PANX3), all of which are present in the skin. These heptameric single-membrane channels act as conduits for small molecules and ions like ATP and Ca2+ but have also been shown to have channel-independent functions through their interacting partners or action in signalling pathways. Pannexins have diverse roles in the skin such as in skin development, aging, barrier function, keratinocyte differentiation, inflammation, and wound healing, which were discovered through work with pannexin knockout mice, organotypic epidermis models, primary cells, and immortalized cell lines. In the context of cutaneous cancer, PANX1 is present at high levels in melanoma tumours and functions in melanoma carcinogenesis, and both PANX1 and PANX3 expression is altered in non-melanoma skin cancer. PANX2 has thus far not been implicated in any skin cancer. This review will discuss pannexin isoforms, structure, trafficking, post-translational modifications, interactome, and channel activity. We will also outline the expression, localization, and function of pannexin channels within the diverse cell types of the epidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and adnexal structures of the skin, and how these properties are exploited or abrogated in instances of skin cancer.
Zingiber zerumbet: A Scoping Review of its Medicinal Properties
Authors: Chan Janice Sue Wen , Lim Xin Yi , Japri Norfarahana , Ahmad Ida Farah , Tan Terence Yew Chin
Published: December 2023

Zingiber zerumbet, a plant native to tropical and subtropical Asia, has a vast range of traditional uses and has been continuously studied for its medicinal properties. However, a
systematic methodological approach in evidence synthesis on the plantʼs efficacy is lacking, and there is a need to elicit the current research status of this plant. This scoping review was
conducted to systematically explore and collate the available scientific evidence on the efficacy of Z. zerumbet and its main phytoconstituents in various formulations, their
biological mechanisms, and their safety. Results included 54 articles consisting of animal studies, while there were no published human studies. Only half of the included studies provided
adequate reporting on the quality-related details of Z. zerumbet formulations. Identified pharmacological activities were analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic,
anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-neoplastic, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, gastroprotective, and locomotor-reducing activities. Notably, the
ethanolic extract of Z. zerumbet was found to be well tolerated for up to 28 days. In conclusion, Z. zerumbet and zerumbone have various pharmacological effects, especially in
analgesic and anti-inflammatory models. However, there is still a pressing need for comprehensive safety data to conduct clinical trials.
The Italian colour lexicon in Tuscany: elicited lists, cognitive salience, and semantic maps of colour terms
Authors: Del Viva Maria Michela , Castellotti Serena , Paramei Galina V.
Published: December 2023

We investigated the Tuscan Italian colour inventory, with the aim of establishing the cognitive salience of the basic colour terms (BCTs) and most frequent non-BCTs. Native speakers from Tuscany (N = 89) completed a colour-term elicitation task lasting for 5 min. In total, 337 unique terms were elicited, with an average list length of 30.06. The frequency of each term, its mean list position and cognitive salience index (S) were calculated. The CTs with the highest S (ranked 1–13) included 10 counterparts of the Berlin and Kay BCTs listed in their 1969 seminal work and three basic ‘blue’ terms, blu, azzurro, celeste, estimated for Tuscan respondents by Del Viva et al. in 2022. S-index and Zipf-function (the terms’ “popularity”) indicated that fucsia (rank 14) is conceivably an emerging BCT in (Tuscan) Italian. Other cognitively salient non-BCTs are lilla, magenta, ocra and beige. The terms’ 3D semantic map (conceptual closeness), assessed using multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis, revealed that in the lists, closely associated CTs were arranged along three competing criteria: the term’s salience gradient; word length; and clustering of fully chromatic concepts with those defined primarily by lightness or desaturation. We also consider salient Italian non-BCTs as indicators of the ongoing process of lexical refinement in certain areas of the colour space. In conclusion, measures of elicitation productivity, as well as the augmented BCT inventory, including the Tuscan ‘triple blues’, and abundant hyponyms and derived forms all indicate (Tuscan) Italian speakers’ “cultural competence” in the colour domain and the need to communicate nuanced information about colour shades.
Scent on the wing: exploring flight effects on insect odor detection
Authors: Shapiro Maura
Published: December 2023

Simulating the complex odor detection of fruit flies and the influence of flight speed and flapping frequency.
Shape resonance induced electron attachment to cytosine: The effect of aqueous media
Authors: Verma Pooja , Mukherjee Madhubani , Bhattacharya Debarati , Haritan Idan , Dutta Achintya Kumar
Published: December 2023

We have investigated the impact of microsolvation on shape-type resonance states of nucleobases, taking cytosine as a case study. To characterize the resonance position and decay width of the metastable states, we employed the newly developed DLPNO-based EA-EOM-CCSD method in conjunction with the resonance via Padé (RVP) method. Our calculations show that the presence of water molecules causes a redshift in the resonance position and an increase in the lifetime for the three lowest-lying resonance states of cytosine. Furthermore, there are some indications that the lowest resonance state in isolated cytosine may get converted to a bound state in the presence of an aqueous environment. The obtained results are extremely sensitive to the basis set used for the calculations.
Anisotropic Liouville type theorem for the MHD system in Rn
Authors: Chae Dongho
Published: December 2023

In this paper we study the Liouville type problem for stationary magnetohydrodynamic equations in Rn. We show that under certain anisotropic integrability conditions on the components of the velocity and the magnetic field the solution is trivial.
Design and experiments of a compact electrostatic low energy beam transport with a double Einzel-lens for a transportable neutron source
Authors: Li H. P. , Liu C. , Luo H. , Wang F. Y. , Su H. Q. , Wang S. , Wu Q.
Published: December 2023

A transportable, compact, accelerator-based neutron source is under development at Xian Jiaotong University. An electrostatic low energy beam transport (LEBT) structure with a double Einzel-lens setup was adopted due to its short length and low power consumption. It can transport a pulsed proton beam to the radio frequency quadrupole with a required beam current of 15 mA and an energy of 30 keV. We performed detailed structure optimization and beam tracking to achieve beam matching and small emittance growth. In addition, the fast chopper, beam steering, and diagnostic devices are integrated into the LEBT. The fabrication and assembly of the proton injector have been completed, and beam commissioning was carried out to measure the beam current and Twiss parameters. The design strategy, beam simulation, and experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper.
Low-temperature characteristics of an AlN/Diamond surface acoustic wave resonator
Authors: Yamamoto Moyuki , Kurokawa Hodaka , Fujii Satoshi , Makino Toshiharu , Kato Hiromitsu , Kosaka Hideo
Published: December 2023

Phonons confined in mechanical resonators can be coupled to a variety of quantum systems and are expected to be applied to hybrid quantum systems. Diamond surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are capable of high efficiency in phonon interaction with color centers in diamond. The temperature dependence of the quality factor is crucial for inferring the governing mechanism of coupling efficiency between phonons and color centers in diamond. In this paper, we report on the temperature dependence of the quality factor of an AlN/diamond SAW device from room temperature to 5 K. The temperature dependence of the quality factor and resonant frequency suggests that the mechanism of SAW dissipation in the AlN/diamond SAW resonator at 5 GHz is the phonon–phonon scattering in the Akheiser regime and that further cooling can be expected to improve the quality factor. This result provides a crucial guideline for the future design of AlN/diamond SAW devices.
A material–structure-wave integrated hydro-viscoelastic model for floating composite structure with generalized boundary
Authors: Zhu Muying , Fang Hui , Li Aijun , Liu Yong
Published: December 2023

A floating viscoelastic composite structure with generalized elastic constraints, in which the material–structure-wave interaction induces energy dissipation, is analyzed with a novel cross-scale integrated hydro-viscoelastic model. A double-level three-dimensional (3D) representative volume element model coupling mesoscale reinforced particles to a macroscale composite structure is established to obtain the structure's viscoelastic dynamic equation. Therefore, a hydro-viscoelasticity analytical model for floating composite structures with arbitrary elastic constraints under wave action is developed in the context of potential flow theory. In the process of solving the velocity potential, the dispersion equation of the water covered by the composite structure is derived. The hydrodynamic and mechanical behaviors of the floating composite structure, including the reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient, dissipation coefficient, deflection, shear force, and bending moment, are comprehensively calculated, which depend on the cross-scale integrated effects of wave action, structural features, material characteristics, and constraint combinations. This material–structure-wave integrated model would be useful to elucidate the hydro-viscoelastic dissipation mechanism of marine structures.
Electromagnetic plasma waves in dark energy cosmology
Authors: Asenjo Felipe A.
Published: December 2023

We explore the electromagnetic wave modes that can exist in a cosmological plasma dominated by dark energy due to a cosmological constant. It is found that, in the cold and hot plasma cases, electromagnetic plasma wave modes can be found exactly. The effect of this cosmology appears as a time-dependent potential in the wave equation for the electromagnetic modes, which effectively modifies the frequency response of the plasma. This potential depends on the metric of the spacetime and on the thermodynamical properties of the plasma. For both cases, cold and hot, the solutions are found in terms of Airy and Bessel functions, respectively. When those solutions are required to have vanishing initial conditions, a discretization on the wavelengths of the electromagnetic plasma waves is imposed. Thus, only some specific wave modes can exist in this dark energy cosmology. Relaxing those conditions, we obtain other solutions that approximate to plane waves only in the very hot plasma limit.
An anti-maser for mode cooling of a microwave cavity
Authors: Blank Aharon , Sherman Alexander , Koren Boaz , Zgadzai Oleg
Published: December 2023

The maser, a microwave (MW) analog of the laser, is a well-established method for generating and amplifying coherent MW irradiation with ultralow noise. This is usually accomplished by creating a state of population inversion between two energy levels separated by MW frequency. Thermodynamically, such a state corresponds to a small but negative temperature. The reverse condition, where only the lower energy level is highly populated, corresponds to a very low positive temperature. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate how to generate such a state in condensed matter at moderate cryogenic temperatures. This state is then used to efficiently remove microwave photons from a cavity, continuously cooling it, well below its ambient temperature. Such an “anti-maser” device could be extremely beneficial for applications that would normally require cooling to millikelvin temperatures to eliminate any MW photons. For instance, superconducting MW quantum circuits (such as qubits and amplifiers) could, with the use of this device, operate efficiently at liquid helium temperatures.
Oscillator strengths and excited-state couplings for double excitations in time-dependent density functional theory
Authors: Dar Davood B. , Maitra Neepa T.
Published: December 2023

Although useful to extract excitation energies of states of double-excitation character in time-dependent density functional theory that are missing in the adiabatic approximation, the frequency-dependent kernel derived earlier [Maitra et al., J. Chem. Phys. 120, 5932 (2004)] was not designed to yield oscillator strengths. These are required to fully determine linear absorption spectra, and they also impact excited-to-excited-state couplings that appear in dynamics simulations and other quadratic response properties. Here, we derive a modified non-adiabatic kernel that yields both accurate excitation energies and oscillator strengths for these states. We demonstrate its performance on a model two-electron system, the Be atom, and on excited-state transition dipoles in the LiH molecule at stretched bond-lengths, in all cases producing significant improvements over the traditional approximations.
Physical multiple shock solutions to the integrability of linear structures of Burgers hierarchy
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid , Alhejaili Weaam , El-Tantawy S. A.
Published: December 2023

This work is concerned with the formation of linear structures of components of Burgers' hierarchy. The integrability of some linear systems of two or more parts is investigated. A linear arrangement of five elements is studied by using the Painlevé analysis. The simplified Hirota's method provides a trustworthy cure for the proposed linear design of the five components, where multiple kink solutions are formally derived for this constructed system. Our findings can help many researchers interested in fluid mechanics and plasma physics.
Numerical investigation of flow past a triangular cylinder at various Reynolds numbers
Authors: Manzoor R. , Mushtaq S. , Nadeem N. , Perveen S. , Kalsoom S. , Naeem A. , Akbar R.
Published: December 2023

Numerical simulation of flow around a triangular cylinder placed both in left and right position at Reynolds number Re = 80–200 is presented in this study. The single relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method is used. The results are obtained in terms of vorticity contour visualization, drag and lift coefficients, and force statistics. Regular vortex shedding is observed for both cases, but the vortices generated for a triangular cylinder placed in the right position move toward the top downstream position as the range of Reynolds number increases due to effect of pressure (effect of thrust). The drag coefficient is constant, and lift coefficient is containing negative values from Re = 80–150 for that case, but negative Cdmean values are not observed for a triangular cylinder placed in the left position. In that case, it is due to the reason that the effect of thrust diminishes. The maximum value of Cdmean is obtained at Re = 200, that is, 1.5006 for the left triangular cylinder, but the value of the mean drag coefficient for the right triangular cylinder is zero throughout the cases for Re = 80–200. No fluid forces are produced for right triangular case. The Strouhal number (St) values increased by increasing the Reynolds number, i.e., Re = 80–200, for the right triangular cylinder, and it has a mixed trend for the left triangular cylinder. In literature, a lot of work has been found on rectangular and square cylinders, but triangular cylinder has not been studied much.
Polarization-stable single-mode multi-junction VCSELs with integrated anti-phase mode filter
Authors: Ghods Amirhossein , Dummer Matthew , Johnson Klein
Published: December 2023

In this paper, polarization-stable and spectrally single-mode operation of oxide-confined multi-junction vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are achieved by using a non-circular integrated anti-phase transverse mode filter. A record-high single-mode output power is obtained by radially reducing effective mirror reflectivity at the surface areas where the higher order modes are expected to lase, leading to an increase in the threshold gain for these transverse modes, all the while minimal losses are introduced to the fundamental mode. The polarization control of such devices is achieved by using a non-circular mode filter in order to perturb the cylindrical symmetry of the cavity. An elliptically etched surface relief is shown to be effective in realizing a single-mode single-polarization device over a wide range of operating bias currents and temperatures. The continuous-wave light–current–voltage characteristics of 8-junction 940 nm VCSELs show single-mode output power >13 mW at room temperature, spectrally measured with a side-mode suppression ratio of >30 dB. This single-mode performance can be achieved depending on the ratio between the relief opening and the oxide aperture size. Additionally, the single-polarization behavior of such devices (with an extinction ratio of >15 dB) is shown to be dependent on the orientation of the elliptical mode filter, where the light is mainly polarized along the minor axis of the elliptical feature. Overall, combined with a multi-junction active region, the elliptical model filter is able to achieve highly efficient single-mode linearly polarized VCSELs.
A review of the impacts and management of invasive plants in forestry
Authors: Jones Vanessa L. , Grenz Jennifer
Published: December 2023

While the impacts of invasive plants are commonly researched and described within the context of agriculture and restoration ecology, they receive less attention within the specific context of forestry. Forestry operations are both vulnerable to and could exacerbate the spread of invasive plants through all aspects of silviculture, all of which can lead to reduced profitability and negative impacts to the sustainability and resiliency of the ecosystems they operate within. The purpose of this review article was to synthesize the current academic and gray literature pertaining to invasive plants and forestry to inform prevention and management approaches and identify gaps in the research. We incorporated a case study from interviews with major forestry company professionals in British Columbia, Canada managing invasive species within their operations to provide critical and often overlooked perspectives and experiences. Our review provides key insights into the risks invasive plants pose to forest community and tree health, operations, economic value, and ecosystem health and identifies the need for research specific to the impacts of invasive plants and their management strategies within the context of forestry operations.
Validation of krypton as a new tracer gas for the standardization tests of collective and individual protection systems
Authors: Cabaset Elise , Marchal Mathieu , Santandrea Audrey , Herbinet Olivier , Belut Emmanuel , Lechêne Sullivan , Marsteau Stéphanie , Leclerc Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2023

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is the reference tracer gas in many international standards for characterizing respiratory protective devices (RPD), fume cupboards, building ventilations, and other installations. However, due to its significant impact on global warming, its use is becoming increasingly restrictive. Krypton 84 (Kr) was chosen to be a possible replacement based on theoretical and practical criteria for the properties that a substitute gas should possess. While compliance with these criteria is generally sufficient to guarantee the reliability of the choice, it is essential in the case of widespread use such as a standard to validate experimentally that this tracer has the same behavior as SF6. In this regard, numerous tests have been carried out to characterize the face leakage of RPD and the rupture of containment of fume cupboards performance tests under different operating conditions. The results obtained are identical with both tracers and lead us to propose the use of Kr as a new reference gas in standards for which SF6 was used.
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_5In The Era of “Sleeve Revision”, What is The Perfect Algorithm?: Suggested Algorithm with Review of the literature
Authors: Elemawy M , Abbas R F
Published: December 2023

Background

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the mainstream treatment option for patients with morbid obesity due to restrictive and endocrine mechanisms, however it requires modifications for a subset of patients because of weight regain and tough complications, such as gastroesophageal reflux, strictures, gastric leak, and persistent metabolic syndrome. Revision surgeries have become more and more indispensable in bariatric surgery, accounting for 7.4% in 2016.

Methods

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library. Data were collected and analysed.

Results

Revisional bariatric surgeries after LSG include Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, repeated sleeve gastrectomy, biliopancreatic diversion, duodenal switch, duodenal-jejunal bypass, one-anastomosis gastric bypass (MGB), single anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI) and transit bipartition. The overall revision rate was 10.4%, but for patients with ≥ 10-year follow-up, the rate was 22.6%. European studies had a higher revision rate (14.4%) than other studies. The most common reason for revision was failure in weight loss, and the most frequent revisional procedure was gastric bypass.

Conclusion

Reaching a clear algorithm for revisional bariatric surgery is still debated. However, we assume that it depends mainly on pre-revisional BMI and presence of GERD symptoms as follows: patients with BMI> 40 kg/m2 should receive Standard R-Y gastric bypass, those with BMI < 40 kg/m2 with GERD should have R-Y gastric bypass with long biliopancreatic limb or MGB with RY configuration. Patients with BMI < 40 kg/m2 without GERD may benefit from MGB or SADI
IBC-Oxford University2023_BJSPoster_17Bariatric Surgery on Patients with Epilepsy
Authors: Sargsyan N , Fehervari M , Al Shdefat S , Bonanomi G , Fakih-Gomez N
Published: December 2023

Introduction

Obesity is a common comorbid condition in patients with epilepsy, its occurrence is multifactorial and antiepileptic medications may contribute to the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Bariatric surgery can be offered to patients with epilepsy and obesity related comorbidities. Currently, there is lack of information regarding bariatric surgery on seizure control and antiepileptic drug concentration/toxicity.

Methods

A retrospective review of a local database was performed in a tertiary centre for Bariatric Surgery. All consecutive patients with epilepsy referred to the Bariatric MDT since 2010 were identified. Standard clinical data, postoperative complications, seizure frequency, antiepileptic therapy and weight loss were extracted.

Results

We identified 11 patients with epilepsy who underwent Bariatric Surgery (3 Sleeve gastrectomy, 4 gastric bypass, 4 gastric band). The %TWL 1 year after Bariatric Surgery (BS) was 22.4(20-24)%; 3 years following BS was 19.9(5-25)% and 5 years following BS was 18.9(4-24)%. 7 Patients remained seizure free during 5 year follow up after BS, in 3 people their seizure frequency did not change after BS and one patient had a cluster of dissociative seizures. There were no medication side effects reports due to impact of surgery.

Conclusion

Bariatric Surgery is a safe treatment option for individuals with epilepsy. The majority of patients with epilepsy who underwent bariatric surgery had no worsening in seizure frequency or experienced any medication side effects due to the impact of surgery on absorption. Individuals with morbid obesity and epilepsy can be considered for bariatric surgery. More research is required to adequately explore the impact of BS on patients with epilepsy.
Cost-effectiveness of Prefusion F Protein-based Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease for Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Moghadas Seyed M , Shoukat Affan , Bawden Carolyn E , Langley Joanne M , Singer Burton H , Fitzpatrick Meagan C , Galvani Alison P
Published: December 2023

Background

Two prefusion F protein-based vaccines, Arexvy and Abrysvo, have been authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration for protecting older adults against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract illness. We evaluated the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of these vaccines.

Methods

We developed a discrete-event simulation model, parameterized with the burden of RSV disease including outpatient care, hospitalization, and death for adults aged 60 years or older in the United States. Taking into account the costs associated with these RSV-related outcomes, we calculated the net monetary benefit using quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained as a measure of effectiveness and determined the range of price-per-dose (PPD) for Arexvy and Abrysvo vaccination programs to be cost-effective from a societal perspective.

Results

Using a willingness-to-pay of $95 000 per QALY gained, we found that vaccination programs could be cost-effective for a PPD up to $127 with Arexvy and $118 with Abrysvo over the first RSV season. Achieving an influenza-like vaccination coverage of 66% for the population of older adults in the United States, the budget impact of these programs at the maximum PPD ranged from $6.48 to $6.78 billion. If the benefits of vaccination extend to a second RSV season as reported in clinical trials, we estimated a maximum PPD of $235 for Arexvy and $245 for Abrysvo, with 2-year budget impacts of $11.78 and $12.25 billion, respectively.

Conclusions

Vaccination of older adults would provide substantial direct health benefits by reducing outcomes associated with RSV-related illness in this population.
Reducing HIV-Associated Post-Hospital Mortality Through Home-Based Care in South Africa: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hoffmann Christopher J , Shearer Kate , Kekana Boitumelo , Kerrigan Deanna , Moloantoa Tumelo , Golub Jonathan E , Variava Ebrahim , Martinson Neil A
Published: December 2023

Background

Twenty-three percent of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, PWH) die within 6 months of hospital discharge. We tested the hypothesis whether a series of structured home visits could reduce mortality.

Methods

We designed a disease neutral home visit package with up to 6 home visits starting 1-week post-hospitalization and every 2 weeks thereafter. The home visit team used a structured assessment algorithm to evaluate and triage social and medical needs of the participant and provide nutritional support. We compared all-cause mortality 6 months following discharge for the intervention compared to usual care in a pilot randomized trial conducted in South Africa. To inform potential scale-up we also included and separately analyzed a group of people without HIV (PWOH).

Results

We enrolled 125 people with HIV and randomized them 1:1 to the home visit intervention or usual care. Fourteen were late exclusions because of death prior to discharge or delayed discharge leaving 111 for analysis. The median age was 39 years, 31% were men; and 70% had advanced HIV disease. At 6 months among PWH 4 (7.3%) in the home visit arm and 10 (17.9%) in the usual care arm (P = .09) had died. Among the 70 PWOH enrolled overall 6-month mortality was 10.1%. Of those in the home visit arm, 91% received at least one home visit.

Conclusions

We demonstrated feasibility of delivering post-hospital home visits and demonstrated preliminary efficacy among PWH with a substantial, but not statistically significant, effect size (59% reduction in mortality). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related challenges resulted in under-enrollment.
Complementary role of governments, non-governmental organizations, industry, and medical societies in expanding bradycardia therapy access
Authors: Makkar Jitendra Singh , Milasinovic Goran , Ching Chi Keong
Published: December 2023

As the aging population continues to grow, so has the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including bradycardia, with much of the burden falling on low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Pacemaker therapy remains the only guideline-recommended therapy for symptomatic bradycardia, but due to the cost and expertise required for pacemaker implants, patients in LMICs have less access to pacemaker therapies. However, with the concerted effort of organizations (governments, non-governmental organizations, industry, and medical societies) strides can continue to be made in improving access to care. Governments play a role in extending health coverage to its citizens and improving their physical and digital healthcare infrastructure. Non-governmental organizations promote access and awareness through charity and advocacy programs. Industries can continue innovating technology that is both affordable and accessible. Medical societies provide guidelines for treatment and necessary educational and networking opportunities for physicians who serve in LMICs. All of these organizations have individual responsibilities and goals in expanding access to bradycardia therapy, which can be more easily realized by their continued collaboration.
Interpreting the ECHR in Light of the Increasingly High Standards Being Required by Human Rights: Insights from Social Ontology
Authors: Wheatley Steven
Published: December 2023

This article looks to make sense of those cases where the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) changes its position on interpretation in light of the increasingly high standards being required by human rights, when the Court applies the doctrine of evolutive interpretation to the ECHR’s object and purpose, as a Convention for the protection of ‘human rights’ (e.g. Selmouni v France). This raises two questions: What do we mean when we speak about ‘human rights’? Can the demands of human rights really change over time? Looking to the insights from social ontology, we can think of human rights as a social institution, emerging with the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and evolving with changes in human rights practices. Understood this way, reliance on the increasingly high standard doctrine becomes defensible when the ECtHR judgments are consistent with the evolving practices on human rights and the moral values that underpin the UDHR.
A combinatorial approach of Monarda citriodora essential oil (MEO) and linalool vapors to control fruit rot of Citrus limon caused by a new pathogen, Aspergillus foetidus, and its underlying mode of action
Authors: Poovathumkadavil Thambi Nidhin , Rani Pragya , Sharma Mohini , Katoch Meenu
Published: December 2023

Aims

Citrus limon (lemon) is a widely cultivated citrus fruit. Significant postharvest losses due to fungi plague its production. Environmental and human health hazards have made the application of synthetic fungicides unsuitable. Despite the previous reports of antifungal activities of essential oil (EO) vapors, their synergistic combinations are understudied. Synergistic vapor combinations are advantageous due to less concentration of active components. This study aimed to isolate and identify postharvest fungal pathogens lemon and to evaluate the antifungal effects of synergistic Monarda citriodora EO (MEO)-constituent vapor combinations in vivo and in vitro.

Methods and results

Postharvest fungal pathogens of lemon (C. limon) were isolated from various infected samples. The most pathogenic isolate was identified through morphology and its ITS-based rRNA gene sequencing as Aspergillus foetidus (O4). This is the first report of A. foetidus as a postharvest pathogen of lemon. The minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of MEO vapors treatment against O4 were 1346.15 µL/L air. For carvacrol, hexanal, and linalool, MFC was same (96.16 µL/L air). Checkerboard assays demonstrated that 1/4 MFC of MEO (336.54 µL/L air) and 1/4 MFC of linalool (24.04 µL/L air) (M + L) were synergistic against O4. M + L vapors reduced the O4 growth on lemons during storage by 64% ± 1.50% and preserved their quality (low weight loss %, unchanged pH, increased ascorbic acid content). Propidium iodide staining, ergosterol content analysis, calcofluor white staining and chitin content analysis revealed the integrity loss of the O4 plasma membrane and cell wall. 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate staining revealed accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis exposed the M + L treated mycelia with malformations.

Conclusions

M + L vapors offer protection for lemons from A. foetidus and preserve their quality during storage.
Bringing Human Rights Home: Access to Justice and the Role of Local Actors Implementing the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Claessen Dorien , Lamkaddem Majda , Oomen Barbara , Eijkman Quirine
Published: December 2023

Most European states have ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), but implementation varies at national and local levels with municipalities often playing a key role. Decentralization policies have often led to municipalities providing social support as well, but little attention has been paid to the accessibility of municipal support for persons with disabilities in the light of the CRPD. Therefore, this article presents the Dutch 2015 Social Support Act (SSA) as a case study. The SSA introduces the right to an assessment. This legal evaluation moment has far-reaching consequences for persons with disabilities as it serves as the gateway for access to reasonable accommodations under the CRPD. Dutch municipal councils implement their assessment systems in different ways, but social district teams are usually set up to execute the assessment under the mandate of the municipality. It is often the case that social workers fulfil both counselling and gatekeeping roles, despite the fact that they are not necessarily trained to combine these dual responsibilities. This article identifies impeding factors that influence the gaining of access to municipal social support at the level of the social system, the involved organizations and the individual professionals. It takes a legal-anthropological approach based on in-depth multidisciplinary interviews with experts in the field of disability rights advocacy, social policy and human rights, or with experiential expertise. The results indicate a lack of alignment between the SSA and the CRPD. The discussion gives recommendations for a broader implementation of the CRPD.
A measurement of Hubble constant using cosmographic approach combining fast radio bursts and supernovae
Authors: Gao Jiaze , Zhou Zhihuan , Du Minghui , Zou Rui , Hu Jianping , Xu Lixin
Published: December 2023

The Hubble constant (H0) is a crucial parameter in cosmology. Different cosmic observations have resulted in varying estimates results for H0, that is the well-known H0 tension. To address this issue, it is beneficial to use other data set to constrain H0. In this paper, via the cosmographic approach based on the Friedman–Lemaitre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric to the dispersion measure (DM) of the intergalactic medium DMIGM(z) of fast radio bursts (FRBs), we obtain the Taylor expansion of 〈DMIGM(z)〉 in terms of redshift z. Utilizing the uncalibrated type Ia supernaove (SNe Ia) and 18 localized FRBs, we give the cosmological constraints, $H_0=65.5^{+6.4}_{-5.4}$ km s−1 Mpc−1 (68 per cent CL), cosmological deceleration parameter q0 = −0.50 ± 0.20 and the jerk parameter $j_0=-0.1^{+2.0}_{-2.5}$. To demonstrate the impact of parameter degeneracies on our analysis methods, we compare the results using three different forms of fIGM(z) and two different prior distributions of Ωb, 0. After that, we find that the uncertainty in H0 is not significantly affected by the width of the prior interval of fIGM(z) and Ωb, 0, but the mean value is influenced by the priors for fIGM(z) and Ωb, 0 due to parameter degeneracies with H0. Employing fIGM(z) that evolves with redshift, we obtain $H_0=69.0^{+6.7}_{-5.7}$ km s−1 Mpc−1. In addition, the mock analyses provide a posterior estimation of H0 with an accuracy of 4.6 per cent and higher precision for q0 and j0 in the near future.
SAX J1810.8−2609: an outbursting neutron star X-ray binary with persistent spatially coincident radio emission
Authors: Hughes A K , Sivakoff G R , van den Eijnden J , Fender R , Miller-Jones J C A , Tremou E
Published: December 2023

Here, we report on joint X-ray and radio monitoring of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary SAX J1810.8−2609. Our monitoring covered the entirety of its ${\sim }\, 5\,$ month outburst in 2021, revealing a temporal correlation between its radio and X-ray luminosity and X-ray spectral properties consistent with a ‘hard-only’ outburst. During the outburst, the best-fitting radio position shows significant variability, suggesting emission from multiple locations on the sky. Furthermore, our 2023 follow-up observations revealed a persistent, unresolved, steep spectrum radio source ${\sim }\, 2\,$ yr after SAX J1810.8−2609 returned to X-ray quiescence. We investigated potential origins of the persistent emission, which included an unrelated background source, long-lasting jet ejection(s), and SAX J1810 as a transitional millisecond pulsar. While the chance coincidence probability is low (${\lesssim }\, 0.16~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$), an unrelated background source remains the most likely scenario. SAX J1810.8−2609 goes into outburst every ${\sim }\, 5\,$ yr, so monitoring of the source during its next outburst at higher sensitivities and improved spatial resolutions (e.g. with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array or Square Kilometre Array) should be able to identify two components (if the persistent emission originates from a background source). If only one source is observed, this would be strong evidence that the persistent emission is local SAX J1810.8−2609, and future monitoring campaigns should focus on understanding the underlying physical mechanisms, as no neutron star X-ray binary has shown a persistent radio signal absent any simultaneous X-ray emission.