bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cadangan Emas, Harga Emas dan Stabilitas Mata Uang di Negara Islam
Authors: Azwani Arina
Published: January 2022

This study ained to determine ‘the impact of gold reserves accumulation and gold price against exchange rate stability in USD. Observation on four Islamic countries in the world, Malaysia, Qatar, Indonesia and Pakistan that incorporated in OIC (Organization of Islamic Coorporation) with observation period within 18 years from 2000 – 2017 by using panel data regression method. Based on result of partial test, gold reserves does not have positive significant effect against exchange rate while gold price have positive significance effect against exchange rate to four selected Islamic countries. The result on this study want to be more encouraging the government especially in four Islamic countries to increase the stock of gold reserves because of the commodity and the value of gold that proven stable and to apply monetary policy based on Dinar Dirham rather than paper currency, the development of the current currency does not guarantee for economy’s stability, and the value of gold was clearly proven during time of Prophet Muhammad and has been explained in Al-Qur'an and As-Sunnah.
Is [ReCl4(CN)2]2− a good Building Block for Single Molecule Magnets? A Theoretical Investigation.
Authors: van Wüllen Christoph , Kessler Eva M. V.
Published: January 2022

Building blocks containing $5d$ spin centres are promising for constructing single molecule magnets due to their large spin-orbit interaction, but experimental and computational results obtained so far indicate that this might not be the case for Re$^\textrm{IV}$ centres in an octahedral environment. Density functional results obtained in this work for [ReCl$_4$(CN)$_2$]$^{2-}$ and trinuclear complexes formed by attaching Mn$^\textrm{II}$ centres to the cyano ligands indicate that zero field splitting in such complexes exhibits large rhombicity (which leads to fast relaxation of the magnetisation) even if there are only small distortions from an ideal geometry with a four-fold symmetry axis. This is already apparent if second-order spin-orbit perturbation theory is applied but even more pronounced if higher-order spin-orbit effects are included as well, as demonstrated by wavefunction based calculations. Computational results are cast into a ligand field model and these simulations show that especially a distortion which is not along the $C_4/C_2$ axeshas a large effect on the rhombicity. Quantum simulations on these complexes are difficult because the zero field splitting strongly depends on the energetic position of the low-lying doublets from the $t_{2g}^3$ configuration.
GROWTH PERFORMANCES AND THEIR IMPACT ON CORN YIELD OF BABY CORN AS AFFECTED BY VARIETIES AND DIFFERENT SOURCES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER
Authors: Kabir Md. Humaun , Hossain Md. Delwar , Or Rashid Md. Harun , Kobir Md. Shahriar , Hasan Md. Kamrul
Published: January 2022

Baby corn is an exhaustive cereal in terms of nutrients absorbance from soil and thus soil become easily loss it’s beneficial physical and chemical properties. To maintain soil health during cereal production like baby corn both chemical and organic sources of fertilizers can be used, thus a study was executed at the agronomy field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh in the year of 2017-2018 to find out the growth performances and their impact on corn yield of baby corn as affected by varieties and different sources of nitrogen fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Completely Block Design with three replications with two factors where two varieties viz., BARI Sweet corn-1 (V1) and Baby star (V2) acted as Factor A and five sources of nitrogen fertilizer viz.,100% recommended N from urea (N1), 75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung (N2), 50% N from urea + 50% N from cowdung (N3), 75% N from urea + 25% N from poultry manure (N4), 50% N from urea + 50% N from poultry manure (N5) acted as Factor B. The highest plant height (153.0 cm), number of leaves per plant (7.33), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value 38.68), (TDM) (40.60 g plant-1), corn yield (3520 kg ha-1) were recorded in the interaction between Baby star when fertilized with N2 (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung). All the growth parameters showed strong positive correlation with corn yield. The highest harvest index (0.075) was observed when BARI Sweet corn-1 was cultivated with N2 (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung). Therefore, it may be concluded that for better growth performance and for better corn yield Baby star is the promising baby corn variety when cultivated with (75% N from urea + 25% N from cowdung) for better growth performances and maximization of baby corn yield.
ADSORPTIVE REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE FROM SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER USING DATE PALM SEEDS, GOETHITE AND THEIR COMPOSITE
Authors: Salam Nasir Abdus- , Ikudayisi-Ugbe Abiola Victoria , Ugbe Fabian Audu
Published: January 2022

The adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) onto Raw Date-palm Seeds (RDS), Thermally Activated Carbon (TAC), Chemically Activated Carbon (CAC), Goethite (GT) and their Composite (COM) were studied using batch equilibrium technique. Variations of sorptive properties such as initial solution concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature had a remarkable influence on the adsorption processes. The data fitted well tested isotherm models in the order; Langmuir (R2 = 0.942 and 0.963) > Freundlich (0.886 and 0.948) > Temkin (0.869 and 0.83) for GT and COM respectively. That of CAC and TAC was best described by Freundlich and Langmuir models respectively while RDS showed very poor fittings. Pseudo-second order and film diffusion models best described the adsorption kinetics. The adsorption was feasible, spontaneous (∆G < 0) and exothermic (except MB-CAC with ∆H being positive). The combined results of isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic studies suggested a combined chemisorptions and physisorptions processes. Also, the kinetic modeling suggested that intra-particle and film diffusions occurred simultaneously and/or in combination with other processes in the mechanism of adsorption.
WEATHER PARAMETERS AFFECTING THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF LEAF FOLDER AND POD BORERS ON MUNGBEAN
Authors: Islam Kazi Nazrul , Islam Md. Mahbubul , Hussain Khan Dr. Md. Mohasin
Published: January 2022

The experiment was conducted to know the abundance of major insect pests on 15 mungbean varieties viz., BARI Mung-1, BARI Mung-2, BARI Mung-3, BARI Mung-4, BARI Mung-5, BARI Mung-6, BINA Moog-4, BINA Moog-5, BINA Moog-6, BINA Moog-7, BINA Moog-8, BU Mug-1, BU Mug-2, BU Mug-4 and Patuakhali local Mung and the role of weather parameters on the population mobility of insects at the farmer’s field of sadar upazila of Patuakhali district, Bangladesh during late Robi season 2016. Variety BARI Mung-4 had the lowest number of leaf folder while variety BARI Mung-6 had the highest number of leaf folder indicating higher susceptibility to leaf folder. Variety BARI Mung-4 had the lowest number of gram pod borer and BARI Mung- 6 had the highest abundance of gram pod borer followed by BINA Moog-7. Variety BINA Moog-4 had the lowest number of legume pod borer and BARI Mung-6 had the highest abundance of legume pod borer followed by BINA Moog-7. Population of leaf folder showed a negative correlation (R2= -0.020) with temperature. Similarly, gram pod borer (R2= -0.317) and legume pod borer (R2= -0.014) showed a negative correlation with temperature. In case of relative humidity, population of leaf folder (R2= -0.175) showed a negative correlation while gram pod borer showed a positive correlation (R2= 0.031) but legume pod borer (R2= -0.086) showed a negative correlation.
MONITORING AND MAPPING OF INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE IN MALARIA VECTOR, ANOPHELES SACHAROVI IN IRAN (1997-2020)
Authors: Vatandoost H. , -Bojd AA. Hanafi , Nikpoor F.
Published: January 2022

Malaria is the main vector borne diseases worldwide. According to the recent record of World Health Organization, 228 million cases have been reported in 2018 mainly in in African region. One of the main important measures for vector control is using insecticides. Monitoring and mapping of insecticide resistance is the main measure for appropriate decision. All the date published about resistant status of Anopheles sacharovi were searched on Pubmed, Elsevier, Springer, Web of Science, Iranmedex, Majiran, google scholar, etc. The results showed that there is widespread, resistance/tolerance to different groups of insecticides in the country. Monitoring and mapping as well as detection of mechanisms of insecticide resistance is appropriate for vector control decision. The results of resistant of this malaria vector to different WHO insecticides will provide an appropriate guideline for the Ministry of health and Medical Education of the country for appropriate vector control.
OPTIMAL BMI CUT-OFF VALUES FOR PREDICTING DIABETES, HYPERTENSION AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AMONG MALAYSIAN ADULTS’ POPULATION: REVISITING A DECADE OF OLD VALUES
Authors: Baharudin Azli , Manjit Singh Jayvikramjit Singh , Ying Ying Chan , Cheong Kee Chee , Abdul Ghaffar Suhaila , Mohd Sallehuddin Syafinaz , Siew Man Cheong , Ismail Hasimah , Salleh Ruhaya , Omar Evi Diana , Zainuddin Ahmad Ali
Published: January 2022

Background: Body Mass Index (BMI) can be used to determine bodyweight categories. This study aimed to re-examine the previous optimal BMI cut-offs in identifying the Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) among the Malaysian adults’ population. Data were obtained from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019. Methods: It was a cross-sectional, population-based survey that employed a two-stage stratified random sampling design. A total of 10,472 adults aged 18 years and above participated in this survey throughout Malaysia, with the majority aged between 31 to 59 years. Results: The optimal BMI cut-off values for identifying diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and at least one NCD ranged from 22.92 to 24.81 kg/m2 for males. The highest optimal BMI cut-off value for at least one NCD in females was 26.29 kg/m2, while the lowest optimal BMI cut-off value was for hypercholesterolemia in females, which was 22.63 kg/m2. Our study has produced a more reliable and revised BMI cut-off point that can detect NCD at a lower BMI compared to available BMI classification. Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of recognizing the issue of BMI and obesity to tackle NCD. A new set of modified BMI which is very useful for tertiary care, demonstrates the potential benefit of early detection and intervention in preventing morbidity and mortality. Hence, it would lessen the length and impact of the disease on a person’s quality of life and also reduce complications and lower the mortality rates of certain diseases because early treatment is often the most effective.
IMPROVING THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF FORM TWO ACCOUNTING STUDENTS OF TOASE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL IN APPLYING THE DOUBLE ENTRY PRINCIPLE THROUGH GROUP LEARNING TECHNIQUE
Authors: Atta Junior Isaac Ampofo , Atta Senior Isaac Ampofo , Ampofo Beatrice
Published: January 2022

Action research was used including quantitative research to help the research achieve the stated objectives. The sample size is 45 which was made up of 30 male students, 10 female students, and 5 accounting teachers. The problem under study used classroom tests, questionnaires, observation, and interviews as data collection instruments. Findings revealed that, for effective teaching and learning of the double-entry principle, the Group method is the best way for teaching. Teachers and students agreed that the use of group learning methods during teaching and learning will help improve the academic performance of the pupils. Students develop an interest in learning Accounting during the group learning method. The findings indicated that the use of group learning methods and to enhance teaching and learning will motivate students to learn Accounting and improve their academic performance by providing high classroom participation, a deeper understanding of concepts, and equip them with knowledge and skills.
AN ANALYSIS OF LABOR EDUCATION IDEAS FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS IN CHINA
Authors: Wang Yiming , Hu Di , Sun Mingyang
Published: January 2022

Labor is the only way for human survival and development. Labor is indispensable to all people. As a university, which educates competent builders and reliable successors for the socialist cause, labor is particularly critical. At present, the situation of labor guidance in Chinese universities is very bad. Many universities are the first in terms of talent selection, talent training and talent use standards, and lack of understanding of the key points of labor training for college students. As for the misunderstanding of labor education in China’s higher education, it is indicated that on the basis of perfecting the teaching plan, three links should be paid special attention to in the current labor training of college students, namely, social practice labor, work-study program and public welfare labor.
THE MENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Zhang Ziwei
Published: January 2022

College Students’ mental health education has become the focus of the whole society, which affects the family and society, and is related to the growth of college students, family happiness and social harmony. In view of the mental health problems of college students, the article is based on the aspects of college students themselves, families, colleges and society, to explore the causes of the problems and make a verification analysis. Through strengthening college students’ self-awareness, improving the content and methods of family education, improving the mechanism of College Psychological education, and purifying the public opinion environment, it promotes the development of College Students’ mental health, and then cultivates a socialist society in China qualified builders of modernization.
EFFECTS OF TASK COMPLEXITY ON CHINESE EFL WRITING
Authors: Liu Hui
Published: January 2022

The current study explores the effects of task complexity on senior high school students’ writing performance. The participants were 60 Chinese senior high school EFL students. The variable of task complexity is based on the combination of reasoning demands and prior knowledge aspects and the writing performance is measured by syntactic complexity. The results show that the participants produced more complex syntactic structures in task with higher complexity. Meanwhile, the participants’ perception of task complexity can influence the production of writing.
MODEL OF COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT FOR COUNSELING GUIDANCE TEACHERS AT SMA X IN MAUMERE CITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Yurda Babut Mariance , yanto Sur
Published: January 2022

Educators must design ways or strategies to develop competencies so that they are more potential in educating and producing quality human resources in the future. However, because at the beginning of 2020 they were facing the covid-19 pandemic, educators or teachers took up the challenge by adapting online learning methods. This study discusses the phenomenon of guidance and counseling teachers during a pandemic situation. Teacher guidance and counseling is a process of guiding individuals by finding the root of the problem so that it can be resolved. The purpose of this study to analyzed the methods or strategies used by guidance and counseling teachers at SMA X Maumere in developing competencies during the COVID-19 pandemic situation and also the obstacles in developing these competencies. This research is expected to be used for the benefit of teacher knowledge and further research. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study in one of the senior high schools in Maumere. The data collection technique was semi-structured interviews because the interviews were conducted in depth by sending questions via whatsapp. The process of analyzing data using domain analysis is to obtain an overview of the problem, as well as testing the data with credibility test by triangulation of sources from interviews with 3 resource persons. The results of the study found that guidance and counseling teachers in developing competence always chose methods and strategies learned from various schools trainings, courses and the internet. Constraints in the development of teacher competence in the form of limited costs and time. From a case study in a senior high school in Maumere, apart from parents, guidance and counseling teachers in high school play an important role for high school students, because high school is a transition period that is identical with problems. Students need guidance and counseling teachers to guide students and keep students away from all promiscuity and juvenile delinquency. Also directs students before college or work. This research is different from other research, because the research subject is more specific, namely the guidance and counseling teacher for SMA X and the research time during the covid-19 pandemic which causes the information process to be sent via chat on whatsapp.
THE INTEGRATION OF GIS, AHP, AND REMOTE SENSING METHODS FOR POTENTIAL AREAS GROUNDWATER: CASE STUDY FOR PONTIAN DISTRICT, JOHOR, MALAYSIA
Authors: Narimah Samat Mohd Sahrul Syukri , Ismail Mohd Hasmadi
Published: January 2022

In Malaysia, production and conservation of groundwater are essential to the ecosystem’s climate and sustainability. The decline of groundwater level data is a related problem for managing water supplies in the Pontian District, Johor, particularly in rural areas. With demand for household water, agriculture and industrial use is still increasing. Studies-based Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) have gained more advantages in groundwater exploration as it is rapid knowledge about the research and development tool. Therefore, the present study has conducted an example of mapping potential groundwater zones in the Pontian District, Johor, and assessing the factors leading to explore future groundwater opportunities. To identify possible groundwater areas, RS data and GIS are being used, and the data collected by the Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia (JMG). The present study utilized integration between GIS through analytical hierarchy process techniques (AHP). Five different maps were prepared and studied for the potential groundwater area, such as Roughness, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Elevation, Curvature, and Slope. Weights in all the thematic maps assigned to each class using the AHP method on their characteristics and potential water capability. The production accuracy has checked using groundwater prospects information, and the process is approximately 87.5 percent accurate. The resulting map of groundwater capacity was graded into five groups-very good, good, moderate, low, and very low. The analysis shows that about 57.3 percent of the area occupies the low potential groundwater area. The potential zones of good and moderate groundwater are observed in 1.28 percent and 18.94 percent, respectively. Only in minimal areas is the area under perfect potential areas registered. The results from this study can be useful in the preparation and growth planning of related agencies in Malaysia, for possible groundwater exploration to provide a fast system and cost reduction and a shorter period.
ASSESSMENT OF VADOSE ZONE CHARACTERISTICS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AUDIT OF SELECTED CEMETERIES AROUND OSUN STATE, SOUTH-WESTERN PART OF NIGERIA
Authors: A. Oyelami Charles , O. Kolawole Tesleem , S. Ojo Gabriel
Published: January 2022

Cemeteries have been identified as a possible source of groundwater and environmental pollution. This may be due to wrong siting of cemeteries, poor soil selection and very thin vadose zone. Over the years, most communities around Osun State experience a number of communicable diseases like dysentery, diarrhea and typhoid, especially after episodes of flash floods. Therefore, this study was carried out to audit the impact of burial practices on the immediate environment viz-a-viz their interaction with both surface and groundwater which forms the main source of potable water for the communities. Method of approach include; assessing possible water contamination, studying the vadose hydrological characteristics as well as studying the geotechnical properties of soils within the vadose zone. Water samples from the vicinity of both cemeteries shows probable contamination with an average pH of 6.19 for Ede and 6.57 for Iragbiji, EC with an average 480μS for Ede and 1210μS for Iragbiji. Biological constituents found within the area include; enterobacteriaceae (salmonella spp., serratia spp., proteus spp., shigella spp.), suggesting likely contamination of both surface and groundwater around the vicinity of the cemeteries. Most cations and anions analysed for (Mg2+, NO3-, SO42-, and PO43-) comply with the WHO standards based on their maximum permissible limits (MPL). Geotechnical investigations revealed that soils within the study areas are largely unsuitable for a standard cemetery due to their high moisture content, poor grading characteristics, low compaction value, poor hydraulic characteristics and shallow water level. The study concluded that cemeteries from both towns have a negative impact on their immediate environment due to poor selection of soil materials (porous and permeable sandy soil) as reflected in the quality of surface and groundwater.
TRANSVERSE ISOTROPIC CRUST STRUCTURE BENEATH THE NORTHWEST AND CENTRAL NORTH ANATOLIA REVEALED BY SEISMIC SURFACE WAVES PROPAGATION
Authors: Çakır Özcan
Published: January 2022

The Anatolian crust, which is abnormally hot, is widely deformed by subduction related volcanism. Suture zones, transform faults, thrusts and folds and metamorphic core complexes add to the geological complexity. Volcanic provinces such as Western, Central and Eastern Anatolia and Galatea are recognized as distinct features in the region. The middle-to-lower crust depths appear to be intruded by horizontal sills and the upper crust by vertical dykes. Both horizontal sills and vertical dykes leave anisotropic signs detected as Vertical Transverse Isotropy (VTI) that is explored by Love and Rayleigh surface wave inversions, i.e., Love-Rayleigh wave discrepancy which arises because the dykes and sills act differently against the Love and Rayleigh surface waves. The current study gives emphasis to the Northwest and Central North Anatolia utilizing both single-station and two-station tomography techniques to recover the two-dimensional group and phase speed charts from which one-dimensional dispersion inversions are implemented. The one-dimensional inversions are joined to construct the three-dimensional crust of the studied region. The shear-wave anisotropy is used to locate the anisotropy in the crust. The vertical dykes in the upper crust fit into negative VTI around -10% while the horizontal sills in the middle-to-lower crust yield positive VTI around 12%. The vertical magma flows within the vertical dykes and the horizontal magma flows within the horizontal sills contribute constructively to the anisotropy created by the special shape orientations of sills and dykes. The earthquakes hypocenter distribution and high and low speeds alongside the VTI provide significant clues to differentiate between diverse geological districts.
LARGE FORAMINIFERA FROM LIMESTONE IN THE RAJAMANDALA FORMATION, SUKABUMI, WEST JAVA
Authors: Satria Rachman Rizki , tris Winan
Published: January 2022

Rajamandala Formation is a limestone reef formation that is exposed in the Rajamandala – Sukabumi area, West Java. Different from those in the Rajamandala area, this formation which is located in the Sukabumi area is still rarely analyzed, especially from its large foraminifera. This study aims to assess the content, age, and depositional environment of reef limestone from the Rajamandala Formation based on large foraminifera. Research method was carried out in several stages. Sampling was done by spot sampling as many as 6 samples. Then, thin section observations was carried out using Olympus CX-22 binocular microscope. Finally, age and environmental analysis were carried out using basic biostratigraphic methods and cluster analysis based on the fossil content of large foraminifera. Result, the limestone reefs of Rajamandala Formation in Sukabumi area have varied material content. These rock ages were found to be in the Late Oligocene range (Chattian). This rock depositional environment is in shallow marine environment which is divided into 3 main clusters. The first cluster is dominated by Austrotrilina and Borelis which shows the Backreef shelf environment. The second cluster is dominated by Heterostegina and Cycloclypeus which shows the Forereef shelf environment. Finally, the third cluster is dominated by all large foraminifera representing the Reef environment. When compared with previous studies, the limestone of Rajamandala Formation in Sukabumi and Rajamandala areas has the same age and depositional environment.
MANIFESTATION OF OPTIMAL ROUTE ALIGNMENT SELECTION OF RURAL ROAD USING GIS AND LEAST COST PATH (LCP) MODEL WITH ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUITABILITY PERSPECTIVE: A CASE STUDY IN NEPAL
Authors: Sunari Magar Rakesh , Shrestha Pradeep Kumar , Kayastha Prabin
Published: January 2022

For the economic growth and sustainable development of any country, the road networks play a pivotal role. Hence, the selection of best route alignment for the road networks becomes even more significant. The Geographical Information System (GIS) integration with the Least Cost Path (LCP) model is used to determine the optimum route to address sustainable road development. In this study, Dupcheswor Rural Municipality, Nuwakot, Nepal and part of Langtang National Park was taken as a study area; and engineering and environmental parameters were selected to create a cost layer. Using the Least Cost Path (LCP) model, fifteen routes were generated in the GIS. All the generated fifteen routes were compared based on cost, and the optimum route was selected based on the least cost. The optimum route in this study was derived from the hybrid theme of engineering and environmental perspectives. This study suggests further research can be done to improve preliminary to detailed road alignment planning and design coordination by considering other factors.
DELINEATION OF HYDROCARBON SATURATED RESERVOIR SAND USING INTEGRATED 3D PRE-STACK SEISMIC AND WELL LOG DATA IN BONGA – FIELD, CENTRAL SWAMP DEPOBELT, ONSHORE NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA
Authors: Kiani Innocent , Sylvester Akpan Aniefiok
Published: January 2022

This study has successfully delineated the lateral continuity of hydrocarbon saturated sand reservoir in Bonga field, Niger Delta. 3D pre-stack seismic volume and well logs from two (2) exploratory wells were employed in the pre-stack seismic inversion analysis. The delineated BGA reservoir sand spans across the two (2) wells labelled Bonga-26 and Bonga-30. The reservoir depth ranges from 10490 ft to 10620 ft in Bonga-26 while the reservoir depth ranges from 10390 ft to 10490 ft in Bonga-30. The delineated reservoir is characterized by low gamma ray (< 75 API), water saturation, shale volume and high resistivity as deciphered in their respective well log curves signature. Rock attribute crossplot was carried out to discriminate between the formation fluid and lithology. The crossplot space of VP-VS ratio versus acoustic impedance (AI), discriminates the formation properties into lithology and fluid (gas and brine sand) based on clusters inferring the presence of each formation fluid properties. The inversion cross sections of P-impedance, S-impedance, density (ρ) and VP-VS ratio depicts the spread and lateral continuity of the reservoir sand across the well locations. The delineated zones reveal low P-impedance, density, VP-VS ratio and slight increase in S-impedance which further validate the presence of hydrocarbon in the field.
DINAMIKA KONFLIK BERSENJATA SUNNI – SYIAH LEBANON UTARA (2011-2015)
Authors: Eka Cipta Samudra
Published: January 2022

Konflik Sunni-Syiah di Lebanon, bukanlah konflik pertama kali. Konflik Sunni-Syiah di Lebanon disebabkan oleh permasalahan politik. Penduduk di Bab El Tabbaneh  dan Jabal Mohsen telah menjadi perang saudara sejak Perang Saudara Lebanon pada tahun 1975, dan sering terlibat dalam kekerasan. Adanya kecemberuan dari kalangan Syiah terhadap komunitas Sunni menjadi sebab utama konflik yang terjadi di Lebanon. Komunitas Sunni dianggap mendapatkan status posisi tertinggi kedua yakni sebagai Perdana Menteri setelah komuniitas Kristen di struktur perpolitikan Lebanon. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan, konflik yang terjadi di Lebanon memuncak selama kurun 2011-2014 setelah adanya efek domino dari Suriah, ketika wilayah tersebut dilanda krisis. Pemerintahan Assad yang menganut Syiah sedangkan para kelompok pemberontak yang menganut Sunni juga memiliki pengaruh bahkan hingga di Lebanon. Konflik sipil bersenjata di Bab El Tabbaneh dan Jabal Mohsen (sebuah perkampungan) di wilayah Tripoli berawal ketika sekelompok masyarakat menyatakan sikap dukungan terhadap para pemberontak Suriah, sehingga menimbulkan reaksi dari komunitas Syiah Alawite hingga akhirnya terjadinya konflik. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan sejarah dan analisis deskriptif yang menggambarkan perkembangan konflik Sektarian yang terjadi di Lebanon.
Situasi Kebahasaan pada Lanskap Linguistik di Masjid Tiban Malang
Authors: Yusuf Kamal
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the phenomenon of the public linguistic landscape, which reveals the use of language in the Tiban Mosque in Malang, East Java. The goal of this research was to describe the language contestation practiced in the Tiban mosque. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is to describe the function of language in the linguistic landscape at the Tiban Malang mosque. The collected data was then classified as monolingual, bilingual, or multilingual. The qualitative descriptive method is used in this linguistic landscape study. Data is collected by observing the location, photographing the object building, and documenting it. According to the findings of this study, the linguistic landscape in the vicinity of the Tiban Malang Mosque is dominated by monolingual and bilingual speakers. This is used to make it easier for visitors and tourists to visit the Tiban mosque's religious tourism area.
AFRICANOPHOBIA IN PRC AND SYNOPHOBIA IN AFRICA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE PROBLEM OF ADAPTATION IN THE HOST SOCIETY
Authors:   Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Baldanova Radzhana A.
Published: January 2022

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a wave of xenophobia has risen around the world. Many countries around the world have begun to use the pandemic to promote all sorts of anti-immigrant sentiments by demonizing migrants. In the international media, there were reports of cases of infringement of the rights and attacks on immigrants from Asia, accused of spreading the coronavirus infection. In Russia, at the very beginning of the pandemic, there was discrimination against Chinese citizens. In African countries, anti-Chinese sentiments were widespread in countries long before the pandemic, and this is due to the dissatisfaction of local residents with the intensification of Chinese economic and political activity on the continent. Many African politicians use xenophobia as a way to fight for power. In China, during the pandemic, anti-immigrant sentiments intensified and they did not bypass African citizens. The PRC is trying with all its might to increase investment in its economy. This is what determined the main course of the PRC’s migration policy — attracting overseas Chinese and foreign specialists, who do not include African migrants. Therefore, Afrikanophobia in China is explained by the difficulty of integration and the presence of a large number of Africans who illegally live and work in China. The local community is dissatisfied with the unauthorized activities of African migrants. During the pandemic, the situation escalated and the Chinese authorities began to accuse Africans living in China of discrimination. However, under the People’s Republic of China Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Law of 2013, all foreigners were subject to control during the epidemic.
THE TREND OF CHANGES IN PRICES AND TARIFFS FOR UTILITIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SUGHD REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN
Authors:   B. Gafurov District Medical College, Kuliyev Ustuvorshokh A.
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the features of the regulation of the housing and communal services market. It was noted that the housing sector is one of the key and plays a key role in human life. Utilities are highly dependent on a person’s well-being and health. The article presents an analysis of the growth in prices for utilities and housing, taking into account the available statistics. Also, in connection with the growth of paid services, including the cost of housing and communal services in the Sughd region of the Republic of Tajikistan, an analysis of wages and other economic indicators was carried out. In the article, the author explains the development of the industry with proposals for the reform of housing and communal services, the implementation of tariffs, the creation of management groups near residential buildings.
MANUFACTURING SUBSYSTEM CONVERSION PROCEDURE BASED ON INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING CONCEPT
Authors:   MIREA — Russian Technological University, Vikhrova Anna S.
Published: January 2022

Maintaining the current model of building a business in the military-industrial complex (defense industry) does not allow concentrating the resources of enterprises producing final products on key competencies: R & D, assembly, sales and service, that is, at the main stages of the full life cycle of products that bring the most added value. On the other hand, the low load of auxiliary units of these enterprises, due to the mismatch of existing excessive production capacities with the volumes of the declining state defense order (SDO), makes the property and legal separation of such units relevant in order to optimize their economy. At the same time, the long-term orientation towards the main customer — the Ministry of Defense of Russia — as well as the peculiarities of economic legislation in the field of defense industry led to a shortage of market competencies among the personnel of defense enterprises and the inability to work in conditions of competition in the civilian product market. These circumstances limit the competitiveness of products, not only civilian, but also military. As a result, there is a contradiction between the objective need to mobilize resources to maintain the potential of the defense industry by diversifying its enterprises, increasing the competitiveness of products and the state of their production subsystems, which hinders the solution of these tasks. The article considers the main provisions of the author’s concept of reforming the production subsystems of defense enterprises based on the wide use of the principles of industrial engineering with an emphasis on the content of the procedure for their transformations, carried out using one of the modern methods for finding optimal solutions embedded in the theory of constraints(TOC).
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND DIGITAL ECONOMY: PROSPECTS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN RUSSIA
Authors:   State University of Management, Urunov Asror А. , Zoidov Zafar K. ,   Market Economy Institute of RAS
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the prospects and trends in the development of information technologies and the digital economy in Russia. The purpose of the work. The purpose of this article is to study the general fundamental problem, prospects and trends that determine the development of information technologies and the digital economy in Russia in the context of global instability. Tasks. To show ways to increase competitiveness in the field of information technologies and the digital economy in a global sense, as well as to strengthen Russia’s national security. Methodology of the work. In the course of the study, the methods of evolutionary and institutional theory, econometric modeling and analytical evaluation were used. Results of the work. Based on the conducted research, it is shown that the main key risks of digital transformation are: risks of violation of legislation protecting personal and confidential information; organizational risks caused by failures in the internal information system, commercial risks resulting from errors in the establishment and data processing, market risks caused by changes in consumer behavior and the competitive situation, and the latter-the risks of political instability due to underemployment of the population. Conclusions. Conceptual approaches have been formed to develop a new paradigm for improving economic security in the development of information technologies and the digital economy in Russia. Scope of the results. The results of the study can be used by the authorities of Russia and other EAEU countries to eliminate existing problems in the development of information technologies and the digital economy.
BUDGET SUSTAINABILITY MANAGEMENT OF SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: IMPLEMENTATION TOOLS
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Zemskov Vyaсheslav V. , Rasteriaev Konstantin O. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Solodovnikova Kristina I. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The article examines the problems of the existing mechanism for managing the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the context of macroeconomic instability and new challenges, in particular, the coronavirus pandemic. The methodological basis of the article is the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and analogies, systemic and institutional approaches. The foreign approaches and experience of managing budgetary sustainability and quality of management in the long term are considered. Highlighted the best practices for ensuring the sustainability of the budgets of the subjects, taking into account the medium and long term. An algorithm for managing the stability of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Federation in modern conditions is proposed. The need for advanced improvement of modern tools to ensure the sustainability of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the medium and long term through a responsible regional budget policy, taking into account global trends and global threats, as well as in the context of geopolitical and geo-economic challenges, able to take into account modern demands and requirements of the current legislation stimulating responsibility and performance of government authorities, as well as the development of independent initiatives in the aspect of increasing their own potential to ensure the sustainability of the budgets of the subjects, as well as optimizing inter-budgetary regulation, taking into account regional characteristics in the long term. A set of recommendations and tools for ensuring the sustainability of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account the future, is proposed. Conclusions and suggestions can be used in the activities of federal legislative and executive authorities: when improving strategic and program documents in the field of assessing the sustainability of budgets, increasing the sustainability of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDICAL SECRECY
Authors:   Bryansk State University named after Academician I. G. Petrovsky, Rodina Tatyana Y.
Published: January 2022

The problem of the interaction of the interests of the individual, society and the state, the determination of the limits of interference in the spheres of private interests of third parties exists in all states as their integral part. A number of problems have accumulated in the healthcare sector, and in general in matters of protecting the health of citizens of the Russian Federation, which require immediate resolution. The very idea of fundamental changes in healthcare is associated, in particular, with the COVID-19 pandemic, which showed that domestic healthcare, despite the fact that it generally copes with new threats, has turned out to be vulnerable in modern realities. The object of the research of this article is the legal problems of the definition of the institution of medical secrecy, the totality of social relations that may arise in the process of its legal regulation. The principles of protecting the health of citizens, the issues of defining medical secrets as a generic concept are considered, signs of such information and the grounds for its provision are given.
Associação das características ecográficas de nódulos tireoideanos com os achados citológicos
Authors: Silva Ian de Oliveira , Ferreira Aila de Menezes
Published: January 2022

INTRODUÇÃO: Nódulos tireoideanos são bem comuns na população geral, sobretudo em mulheres, chegando a uma prevalência de até 68%. Em 2017, o Colégio Americano de Radiologia propôs um sistema de estratificação de risco (ACR TIRADS) para nortear a punção aspirativa por agulha fina (PAAF). A indicação de PAAF mais difundida baseia-se no ponto de corte de 1,0 cm para maior diâmetro do nódulo. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a frequência dos achados ultrassonográficos, complicações, categorias ultrassonográficas e possíveis correlações com citologia de nódulos tireoideanos, submetidos a PAAF no Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Piauí, no período de maio de 2017 a dezembro de 2018. METODOLOGIA: Estudo transversal, descritivo, com coleta retrospectiva dos dados. As variáveis estudadas foram: idade, sexo, tamanho do nódulo, características ultrassonográficas em modo bidimensional, vascularização ao Doppler colorido, ACR TIRADS e Bethesda. Para a análise foram obtidas médias, porcentagens e utilizados testes Qui-quadrado e Kappa. RESULTADOS: Dos 190 pacientes avaliados, 94,7% eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 55,9 anos. O diâmetro nodular médio foi de 2,19 cm, sendo a maioria destes sólidos e isoecogênicos, com resultado citológico Bethesda 2. A principal complicação foi o sangramento intranodular. CONCLUSÃO: A correta definição das características ecográficas de nódulos tireoieanos, pode nortear e racionalizar as indicações de PAAF.
SOSIALISASI MANFAAT DAN PEMBUATAN NATTO DAN SOY YOGURT MELALUI KEGIATAN WEBINAR DAN PRAKTEK
Authors: Sumarsih Sri , Baktir Afaf
Published: January 2022

Natto and Soy Yogurt are fermented food products that are very beneficial for improving health. This community service activity aims to socialize the benefits and make them known to the wider community. However, community service activities during the Covid-19 pandemic cannot be carried out face-to-face and have activities with the community in large numbers. Therefore, this community service activity was carried out through webinar and practical activities. Online seminars was chosen so that the coverage was wider and more people could participate in the pandemic. Face-to-face and community activities are carried out with a limited number of participants, according to health protocols. The level of success, benefit and acceptance of the community from this community service activity is known from the responses of the participants during the activities. Based on the results of the assessment/ response of participants who were present virtually and those present at the location, In general it can be concluded that the PKM activity entitled "socializing the benefits and making natto and soy yogurt through webinars and practices" is going well, but better preparation is still needed.The material presented by the resource person is suitable for the current pandemic conditions, easy to understand, easy to practice and can be developed for home businesses. The Zoom Meeting application can be used as a medium for community service activities in pandemic conditions even though it still cannot reach the wider community.  Keywords: Socialization, natto, soy yogurt, webinar, practical
MENUMBUHKEMBANGKAN SIKAP PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA SISWA SMPN 1 SUMBANG MELALUI BUDIDAYA AQUAPONIK
Authors: Rahayu Diana Retna
Published: January 2022

Environmental education can be applied to attitudes and behavior from an early age. This service activity is carried out to increase the understanding and awareness of SMPN 1 Sumbang students about the environment through productive aquaponic cultivation. Besides that, it also develops student character, so that they are active in protecting the surrounding environment through positive activities during the Covid 19 pandemic. Student responses were carried out by pre and post test with six questions. The results of the activity showed a change in behavior and an understanding level of 60%, this shows that the introduction of aquaponic cultivation can help students better understand the importance of protecting the environment both at school and at home.
Pendampingan Pengelolaan Website Sekolah dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Soal Ujian Online di SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jaten Karanganyar
Authors: Wijayanto Ardhi , Widiarto Wisnu
Published: January 2022

@font-face{ font-family:"Times New Roman"; } @font-face{ font-family:"宋体"; } @font-face{ font-family:"SimSun"; } @font-face{ font-family:"Arial"; } p.MsoNormal{ mso-style-name:Normal; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; font-family:'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; } p.MsoFooter{ mso-style-name:Footer; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; font-family:'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; } p.MsoHeader{ mso-style-name:Header; margin:0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt; text-align:center; font-family:'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun; } span.msoIns{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:underline; text-underline:single; color:blue; } span.msoDel{ mso-style-type:export-only; mso-style-name:""; text-decoration:line-through; color:red; } } div.Section0{page:Section0;}SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jaten Karanganyar menghadapi tantangan yaitu pemanfaatan teknologi informasi (TI). Pembelajaran secara tatap muka dalam kondisi pandemi belum memungkinkan sehingga pemanfaatan TI menjadi ujung tombak penyebaran informasi dan sarana kegiatan belajar mengajar. Masalah yang dihadapi SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jaten Karanganyar adalah belum tersedianya website sekolah yang memuat informasi yang diperlukan bagi peserta didik dan belum maksimalnya pemanfaatan TI untuk membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar. Berdasarkan permasalahan pada mitra, diusulkan pembuatan sebuah website sekolah dan pelatihan pembuatan soal ujian online untuk mendukung pembelajaran jarak jauh. Website sekolah akan menggunakan domain sch.id yang merupakan domain resmi instansi sekolah di Indonesia. Adapun online tool yang dilatihkan untuk membut soal ujian online adalah Microsoft Forms dan Quizziz. Pelatihan pembuatan soal ujian online memberikan bekal bagi para guru untuk mengatasi tantangan di masa pandemi yang mengharuskan kegiatan belajar mengajar beralih menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh. Kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilakukan ini memberi manfaat bagi SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Jaten Karanganyar sebagai mitra pengabdian untuk meningkatkan branding dan memberi nilai tambah penilaian kualitas sekolah melalui adanya web sekolah. Diharapkan kompetensi para guru semakin meningkat dan merata dalam memanfaatkan TI untuk meningkatkan kualitas kegiatan belajar mengajar dan mengatasi tantangan yang muncul akibat kondisi pandemi Covid-19.