bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poder Judiciário na conscientização e preservação ambiental
Authors: De Almeida Marisa
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento do tratamento jurídico do meio ambiente à luz do ordenamento brasileiro, com ênfase no período posterior à Constituição da República Federativa de 1988 e nos aspectos principiológicos atrelados à preservação e proteção ambiental. Na oportunidade, buscou-se contextualizar a linha evolutiva do meio ambiente enquanto bem de interesse do direito, culminando em sua fase holística, em que o direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado passa a ser considerado um direito fundamental. O trabalho ainda trouxe à discussão o papel do Poder Judiciário no atual contexto das atividades públicas voltadas à sustentabilidade, bem como a mudança de seu enfoque de atuação, ultrapassando o caráter emoldurado de suas atividades jurisdicionais e adentrando o desenvolvimento de atividades em frentes diversas. Para ilustrar o exposto, o artigo apresentou um caso de sucesso ocorrido no Estado de Rondônia, que contou com a atuação do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Rondônia em conjunto com outros poderes e com a população local da região do Vale do Guaporé – o Projeto Reciclando Hábitos. Por fim, o presente trabalho trouxe os resultados positivos relacionados à conscientização e proteção ao meio ambiente advindos do projeto em questão, fomentando a reflexão sobre a importância do papel do Poder Judiciário na preservação à luz do atual contexto de tutela jurídica deste bem.
Íntegra do Artigo
Invasões em reservas extrativistas
Authors: DE CASTRO LAZZARI NAIARA AMES
Published: December 2023

O presente trabalho é voltado à análise do contexto dos movimentos invasores em Unidades de Conservação de Uso Sustentável na modalidade Reserva Extrativista, em especial aqueles decorrentes de recentes invasões nos municípios de Machadinho do Oeste e Vale do Anari, situados na região do Vale do Jamari, estado de Rondônia, objetivando-se conhecer e expor as pressões e ameaças às áreas protegidas, além das circunstâncias que permeiam essas invasões. Destaca-se a necessidade de o tema ser objeto de reflexão por todos os atores envolvidos nas políticas públicas relacionadas à problemática, visto que são crescentes as pressões em áreas públicas protegidas que possuem funções ambientais, sociais e culturais relevantes para a coletividade. Para tanto, buscou-se, através do método de raciocínio dedutivo, utilizando-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, abordar o tema por meio da apresentação da legislação e da doutrina afeta às unidades de conservação, em que consistem as Reservas Extrativistas existentes nas localidades analisadas, quais suas características e o contexto de suas invasões recentes, bem como os movimentos tendentes a interferir na regularidade destas áreas. Em suma, constatou-se que a ocupação desordenada do estado de Rondônia, a histórica omissão na proteção adequada das Reservas Extrativistas, a insuficiente regularização fundiária, além de iniciativas legislativas que enfraquecem a proteção das unidades de conservação, formam um conjunto de fatores que fomentam as invasões às reservas extrativistas.
Íntegra do Artigo
transação penal como Instrumento para a resolução dos crimes ambientais
Authors: MORAES ALVES SKARLAT LOHAYNE
Published: December 2023

Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar se a aplicação do instituto da transação penal como instrumento para resolução de crimes ambientais possui efetividade, pois se trata de um assunto sensível e de suma importância, já que um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado é um direito fundamental garantido pela Constituição Federal de 1988 e por leis infraconstitucionais. O presente trabalho discute a aplicação do instituto despenalizador da transação penal em crimes ambientais, argumentando se é producente aplicá-la a crimes dessa natureza, levando-se em consideração a importância desse bem jurídico fundamental que garante a existência dos seres vivos. Tratando-se de um bem jurídico fundamental para a sociedade e protegido pela Carta Magna de 1988, denota-se que o assunto é de extrema importância na atualidade, em que os cidadãos se responsabilizam administrativa, civil e penalmente pelos danos causados. Tratando-se da metodologia utilizou-se o método indutivo, a técnica da pesquisa bibliográfica, do fichamento das obras e dos conceitos operacionais. O resultado obtido atesta a possibilidade e a importância da aplicação do instituto da transação penal, já que o nominado mecanismo é aplicado em crimes de pequeno potencial ofensivo. Contudo, sob o ponto de vista subjetivo, degradar o meio ambiente na atualidade, diante de eventos climáticos extremos, como estiagens prolongadas, fortes tempestades e fortes ondas de calor ou frio interno, não pode ser considerado crime de pequeno potencial ofensivo, já que o cenário atual é preocupante e revela os efeitos devastadores da ação do homem sobre o meio ambiente.
Íntegra do Artigo
COOPERAÇÃO JURÍDICA INTERNACIONAL EM MATÉRIA PENAL
Authors: Toldo Adriano Lima
Published: December 2023

Sem resumo.
AUDITORIA NA PREVENÇÃO À LAVAGEM DE DINHEIRO
Authors: QUEIROZ ÁUREO VIRGÍLIO QUEIROZ , Freire Neves de Aguiar Laiana
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo visou realizar levantamento bibliográfico a respeito da temática; e, relacionar casos concretos com formas de atuação da polícia judiciária. De modo a atender o objetivo principal do presente trabalho de demonstrar como o controle, bem como a auditoria tem evoluído no enfrentamento à corrupção. Para atendimento aos objetivos, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica que é o estudo sistemático com base em publicações já realizadas em vários meios de informações. No levantamento bibliográfico foi conceituada a lavagem de dinheiro, em seguida sobre o controle externo e seu papel a relação do combate externo e o combate a corrupção no Brasil, e por fim, a relação com a polícia judiciária com casos concretos. Foram utilizados autores como Aro (2013), Magalhães (2014), Calixto e Velasquez (2005) e Coelho (2010). Desse modo, compreende-se que a corrupção compromete a própria legitimação política do Estado em uma intranquilidade antagônica à “paz social” idealizada nos idos tempos de formação da República.
INFILTRAÇÃO DE AGENTES NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES CRIMINOSAS LIMITES DE ATUAÇÃO E RESPONSABILIDADE PENAL
Authors: FRANCO FABIANO PEGORARO
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo lançar um olhar a respeito da infiltração de agentes, sendo ela uma das modalidades de obtenção de provas prevista na legislação vigente, porém ainda utilizada de maneira bastante tímida pelas autoridades brasileiras no combate ao crime organizado. A incerteza quanto aos limites de atuação e a responsabilização penal do agente infiltrado foram fatores preponderantes na utilização comedida de tal mecanismo, decorrentes das lacunas legislativas que até então existiam. Com a publicação da Lei 12.850/13, uma nova perspectiva surge quanto à efetivação de tais medidas no combate eficaz às organizações criminosas.
Evaluasi Penerapan Testing, Tracking, Treatment (3T): Studi Kualitatif
Authors: Manasai Hartini
Published: December 2023

Latar belakang: Melonjaknya covid-19 di indonesia sehingga Kementrian Kesehatan RI menerapkan 3 T (Testing, Tracking, Treatment) yang merupakan bagian dari penanganan covid-19 tetapi di sulawesi tengah khususnya kota palu.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi pencegahan covid-19 dengan menerapkan Testing, Tracking, Treatment (3T) di UPTD Puskesmas Talise.

Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, yaitu pengamatan, wawancara mendalam (depthinterview) dan dokumentasi. Informan yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah 1 Kasubag Survailens Puskesmas Talise, 1 Kepala Puskesmas Talise, dan 1 Kasubag Survailens Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palu.

Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Input dalam penelitian ini meliputi; SDM, Sumber Pendanaan, Sarana/Prasarana dan Dasar Hukum di UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik dan sudah sesuai target yang diberikan walaupun masih terdapat beberapa kendala yang dihadapi dalam melaksanakan pencaian proses input ini. Proses dalam penelitian ini yaitu urutan penerapan 3T di UPTD Puskesmas Talise dalam hal ini yaitu penerapan 3T diseluruh wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik walaupun ada beberapa kendala atau faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya. Output dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil yang dicapai dalam penanganan covid-19 dengan menerapkan 3T, yang menjadi indikator dari capaian 3T ini yaitu berhasil atau tidaknya menekan angka penyebaran covid-19.

Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan 3T di UPTD Puskesmas Talise dalam hal ini yaitu penerapan 3T diseluruh wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Talise sudah cukup baik walaupun ada beberapa kendala atau faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaannya.
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA FLAVONOID DAN HESPERIDIN DARI BEBERAPA JENIS CITRUS (Citrus.sp)
Authors: Ranova Riki , Nuraini Putri Risa
Published: December 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang Identifikasi Senyawa Flavonoid dan Hesperidin Pada Beberapa Jenis Citrus (Citrus sp). Sampel yang digunakan adalah kulit jeruk lokal yang terdapat di Sumatera Barat yaitu jeruk kaco, jeruk pagar, jeruk sundai, jeruk bali, jeruk purut, jeruk kasturi dan buah jeruk kambing. Proses ekstraksi sampel dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol 70%. Dari hasil identifikasi dengan menggunakan pereaksi serbuk Mg ditambah HCl(p) dan FeCl3 diketahui bahwa semua sampel yang digunakan mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Dari hasil identifikasi hesperidin dengan metoda KLT terhadap hesperidin pembanding diketahui bahwa beberapa sampel mengandung senyawa hesperidin yaitu jeruk bali, jeruk kaco, jeruk purut, jeruk kambing dan jeruk kasturi dengan nilai Rf 0,5, sedangkan jeruk pagar dan jeruk sundai tidak mengandung hesperidin
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN OBAT ANTIHIPERTENSI DI BANGSAL PENYAKIT DALAM RSUD DR. ACHMAD DARWIS
Authors: Widyastuti Widyastuti , Noviar Noviar , Putra Maizul
Published: December 2023

Penyakit hipertensi merupakan silent killer disease atau merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang memiliki angka prevalensi yang tinggi di dunia maupun Indonesia. Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko dari penyakit kardiovaskular yang dapat mengakibatkan kematian, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi efektivitas obat dengan mengkaji ketepatan pemilihan dan dosis obat antihipertensi untuk menentukan terapi yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat dan proporsi penggunaan obat antihipertensi yang efektif serta melihat efek samping dan interaksi obat pada pasien rawat inap di RSUD dr. Achmad Darwis Suliki. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif yang bersifat prospective dengan rancangan case series. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien rawat inap di bangsal penyakit dalam Rumah Sakit dr. Achmad Darwis Suliki periode April dan di evaluasi berdasarkan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 23 data pasien yang menggunakan obat antihipertensi. Kasus terbanyak terdapat pada jenis kelamin perempuan (56,52%) dan kelompok umur geriatri (73,92%). Penggunaan obat antihipertensi tunggal lebih banyak dibandingkan kombinasi yaitu 52,17%. Golongan obat antihipertensi yang paling banyak diresepkan adalah Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) dengan jenis obat candesartan. Efektivitas penggunaan obat dilihat dari terjadinya penurunan tekanan darah pada tiap hari rawat sebesar 43,47%, interaksi obat antihipertensi yang terjadi dalam peresepan sebanyak 43,47% dan efek samping yang terjadi sebanyak 4,35%.
Pembuatan Serbuk Minuman Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.) Dengan Penambahan Serbuk Kulit Kayu Manis
Authors: . Rahmayulis , Mulyani Dwi
Published: December 2023

ABSTRAK

Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memiliki nilai jual sangat tinggi di Indonesia. Kopi mengandung kafein yang bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kewaspadaan dan mood serta menghilangkan kantuk. Selain kopi, salah satu rempah yang banyak dihasilkan di Indonesia adalah kulit kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmani). Kulit kayu manis (Cinnamomun burmanii) telah beberapa kali diteliti dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah, total kolesterol, kadar trigliserida dan dapat meningkatkan kadar HDL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh formula terbaik dari serbuk minuman kopi dengan variasi penambahan serbuk kulit kayu manis dan masing-masing formula juga ditambahkan gula untuk penghilang rasa pahit. Serbuk minuman kopi arabika dibuat sebanyak 3 formulasi, yaitu serbuk kopi untuk masing-masing formula sebanyak 7 gram dan gula masing-masing formula sebanyak 14 gram, sedangkan serbuk kulit kayu manis yang ditambahkan untuk masing-masing formula bervariasi, yaitu : formula 1 sebanyak 1 gram; formula 2 sebanyak 3 gram dan formula 3 sebanyak 5 gram. Dari formula yang didapat selanjutnya dilakukan uji hedonik dengan melibatkan beberapa panelis. Parameter yang digunakan untuk uji hedonik adalah rasa, aroma, kekentalan, dan warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula 2 sebagai formula terbaik paling disukai dari segi warna, rasa, dan aroma dengan komposisi serbuk kopi arabika 7 gram, serbuk kulit kayu manis 3 gram, dan gula 14 gram, sedangkan formula 1 paling disukai dari segi kekentalan dengan komposisi serbuk kopi arabika 7 gram, serbuk kulit kayu manis 1 gram, dan gula 14 gram.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN TORBANGUN (Plectranthus amboinicus) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Hilmarni Hilmarni
Published: December 2023

Minyak atsiri daun torbangun merupakan salah satu tanaman yang memiliki manfaat sebagai tanaman obat, bahan pangan dan sayuran dan memiliki kandungan senyawa yang memiliki potensi sebagi antibakteri, antijamur, antikanker, antioksidan, antimikroba dan antifungi. Uji daya hambat minyak atsiri daun torbangun dilakukan untuk melihat kemampuan uji daya hambat  minyak atsiri daun torbangun terhadap bakteri Propionibacterim acnes. Pengujian daya hambat  terhadap  bakteri dilakukan dengan metoda cakram kertas. DMSO sebagai kontrol negatif, klindamisin 0,1% sebagai konsentrasi positif dan konsentrasi minyak atsiri daun torbangun yang digunakan 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8%. Hasil pengamatan  uji aktivitas antibakteri daun torbangun diperoleh adanya daya hambat yang ditandai dengan adanya daerah bening pada sekitar cakram, pada masing-masing konsentrasi rata-rata 16,87mm, 22,77mm, 26,78mm dan 30,14mm. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan minyak atsiri daun torbangun memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.
The Effect of Work Ethics on Work Engagement as Mediated by Generational Differences.
Authors: Abun Fr. Dameanus , Fredolin P. Julian  , Janette R. Lazaro  , Marlene T. Nicolas
Published: December 2023

The study aims to determine the effect of work ethics on work engagement as mediated by generational differences. To support the theory of the study, literature was reviewed and the study used a descriptive correlational research design. Research questionnaires were used to gather the data and the study found that work ethics and work engagement of employees across the generation are high. The correlational analysis found a significant correlation between work ethics and work engagement along with the three dimensions of work engagement. It is also found that there is no correlation between generational differences and work ethics and work engagement of employees. Therefore, the hypothesis on the correlation between work ethics and work engagement is accepted, however, the hypothesis on the correlation between generational differences and work ethics and work engagement is rejected.
Autonomous Learning: An Essential Skill for Learners in the New Normal
Authors: Sok Sothearak
Published: December 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global catastrophe which affects various aspects of human society. Governments are scrambling to impose various restrictions to prevent the spread of the virus and curb the death rate. As a result, various activities, including work and education, have gone online and people have to adapt to the new situation (new normal) by working remotely. Because of the closure of educational institutions and physical classrooms are restricted or closed altogether, most, if not all, learning and teaching activities have been conducted remotely through the internet or other traditional means such as radio and television broadcasting. Remote learning is vital during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet it is challenging because it does not have the level of interactions between teachers and students or between students and students, which is normal in physical classrooms. No doubt, students may feel neither concentrated during lectures nor motivated to do self-study. This showcases the need for students to develop autonomous learning as a skill in order to study effectively during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Key Features of Effective Professional Development
Authors: Phun Sokphan
Published: December 2023

Professional Development (PD) is generally defined as intentional efforts to improve practices based on continuous learning in every practice to acquire integrated knowledge (Guskey, 2000). It has been playing a key role in all aspects of career development as people keep sharpening their current skills to improve their performance in their workplace. In the field of language education, teacher professional development means teachers’ learning, which is concerned with the way teachers learn and the ways their pedagogical skills are applied in their classrooms to support students’ learning during the fulfillment of their teaching careers (Postholm, 2012). Generally, teachers’ ongoing learning has been underscored because the success of their careers will never depend solely upon the acquisition of knowledge from schools (Karacabey, 2020), regardless of their preparation at the end of their pre-service training (Bailey, 2013). According to Çimer et al. (2010), to keep teachers flexible, innovative and well-informed about the trends in language education, ongoing PD during their teaching careers are vitally important for them to increase their knowledge and skills to deal with any issues in their teaching.
Making learning styles and destinations visible: Using dashboards to support secondary education
Authors: Polley Nathan , Mills Russell
Published: December 2023

The increased accessibility of data analytic tools provides opportunities to improve teaching and learning and career counselling in secondary education. This preliminary study explored the design, development, and deployment of an initiative to use dashboards to provide teachers and career counsellors with tools in the form of dashboards to improve teaching, learning, and guidance. The study applied an action research methodology that drew from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model in two international secondary schools in Cambodia. Though limited in its scope, the study highlights the potential for dashboards to inform teaching and learning and career counselling when integrated with the school teaching and learning philosophy and professional development.
La Mutuelle des municipalités du Québec - une réponse au déséquilibre
Authors: Deschamps Bernard
Published: December 2023

À l’automne 2002, la grogne régnait dans le monde municipal. Victimes depuis
quelques années de la hausse des primes, aussi subite que vertigineuse, les municipalités
décidaient de se prendre en main et de se doter d’une vision à long terme de
la gestion du risque municipal. Le quasi-monopole de l’assurance générale au Québec
aura eu pour conséquence d’indisposer la clientèle municipale, qui s’est sentie prise
au piège, au point de favoriser l’éclosion d’un nouveau modèle d’affaires.

C’est ainsi que, sous le parrainage de la Fédération Québécoise des Municipalités,
Groupe Ultima inc., un important réseau de courtiers d’assurance, entreprend tous
les travaux nécessaires à la création et à la gestion d’une compagnie d’assurance
mutuelle exclusive aux municipalités. La Mutuelle des municipalités du Québec,
que nous vous présentons dans cet article, voit le jour en novembre 2003.

Ce projet, étalé sur plus de 18 mois, a nécessité de nombreuses démarches : les travaux
d’analyse de viabilité financière, la rédaction d’un plan d’affaires détaillé et
des projections financières sur 5 ans, la présentation du projet aux différents intervenants
dont le ministère des Affaires municipales, du Sport et du Loisir, l’Autorité
des marchés financiers et bien sur les municipalités, la négociation et le montage de
la structure financière ainsi que le recrutement des municipalités-membres, en raison
du caractère volontaire de leur adhésion.
Automobile Insurance in British Columbia:
Autoplan Turns Thirty
Authors: Boivin Denis W.
Published: December 2023

This article describes the five components of “Autoplan” insurance. This is the commercial
name given to the universal automobile insurance regime that has been available in
British Columbia since March of 1974. The minimum package comes with the following
coverage: (1) third party liability insurance; (2) statutory accident benefits; (3) uninsured
motorist protection; (4) underinsured motorist protection; and (5) inverse liability insurance.
In closing, the article describes the main restrictions placed on recovery that relate
to the conduct of the insured person.
The Impact of Health Care Cost Increases on Fraud and Economic Waste
Authors: Boyer Martin , Léger Pierre-Thomas
Published: December 2023

In a model of imperfect information with costly auditing, we examine the effect of increases in health-care costs and general inflation on the optimal health-insurance policy and on waste. We show that in such a setting, individuals will buy more
than full insurance. Moreover, as the cost of medical care increases, consumers (i.e., patients) are less likely to file unjustified claims while insurance providers audit with a lower probability. As a result, waste associated with costly auditing
is reduced. We also show that a general increase in the opportunity cost of illness (reflected through lost earnings due to illness) also decreases waste, but not as much as health-care cost increases.
Diverses alternatives pour déterminer les facteurs significatifs de la fréquence d’accidents dans l’assurance automobile
Authors: del Carmen Melgar Hiraldo Maria , Ordaz Sanz José Antonio , Guerrero Casas Flor Maria
Published: December 2023

Les accidents de circulation sont un des plus graves problèmes que l’on trouve actuellement dans les pays industrialisés. Le but de cet article est d’analyser les
éléments qui contribuent à expliquer le nombre d’accidents de ce genre. Cette question est très utile pour le secteur de l’assurance automobile.

La littérature spécialisée signale que les modèles de comptage sont les plus utilisés
dans cet important domaine de l’industrie de l’assurance. Traditionnellement, la régression de Poisson et le modèle binomial négatif ont été les méthodes employées le plus fréquemment. Cependant, les modèles à expansion de zéros
pourraient être plus appropriés pour expliquer les processus sous-jacents aux distributions d’accidents automobiles.

Dans cette étude, nous utilisons une base de données fournie par une compagnie d’assurance privée espagnole. Après avoir fait une analyse descriptive complète de ces données, nous comparerons les résultats que l’on obtient de l’application des trois types de modèles de comptage développés dans le papier. Finalement, nous discuterons des différences en soulignant les avantages généraux des modèles à expansion de zéros. Néanmoins, les résultats sont qualitativement très ressemblants, et ils suggèrent en plus l’existence de problèmes d’aléa moral et d’antisélection dans le marché de l’assurance automobile.
L’introduction d’un stimulus dissuasif pour contrer la majoration excessive des réclamations à l’assurance : prévention de la délinquance ou règlement différentiel ?
Authors: Bacher Jean-Luc , Blais Étienne
Published: December 2023

Cet article vise à évaluer l’impact d’un stimulus dissuasif sur la propension des assurés à majorer leurs réclamations. Notre recherche, suivant en cela un design quasi expérimental, prévoit l’envoi d’une lettre aux fins d’augmenter, chez les assurés en position de faire une réclamation des suites d’un vol résidentiel, leurs perceptions des risques de la majoration. Les résultats démontrent que les assurés appartenant au groupe contrôle demandent un montant plus élevé, mais la différence n’est pas
significative. Les résultats indiquent plutôt que les régleurs pratiquent un règlement différentiel et que les différences seraient fonction du groupe auquel appartient l’assuré, du montant réclamé par lui et des doutes que peuvent avoir les régleurs quant à la justesse de la réclamation.
Lessons Learned in Dealing with Large-Scale Disasters
Authors: Hutchison Daniel
Published: December 2023

Many OECD countries have been affected by major harmful events in recent years. The considerable human and economic costs of such events and the repercussion they might have for the global economy have become recurring causes for concern.

Given its intergovernmental and multidisciplinary nature, and its experience in risk and disaster management in a variety of fields, the OECD is well positioned to analyse the impact of major disasters on societies and economies, and to identify optimal practices in response and recovery phases. To this end, the OECD’s
International Futures Programme supervised a team of specialists from eight OECD directorates, and a team of Turkish specialists who provided the material for chapter 3. The report was prepared between May and July 2003.

This report analyses the economic and social impacts of recent large-scale disasters, and draws some initial lessons for the monitoring and the management of future disasters. The report primarily focuses on restoring trust and securing recovery after a major harmful event has occurred.

The events reviewed are as diverse as the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the Kobe and Marmara earthquakes, Hurricane Andrew, and the 11th September terrorist attacks on New York and Washington. Disasters such as these have in common massive effects on large concentrations of people, activity and wealth. They disrupt multiple vital Systems such as energy supplies, transport and communications. Their effects spread beyond the region originally affected and generate widespread anxiety. In some cases, the public expresses distrust of the ability of governments to protect citizens.
Comprendre l’appartenance et les relations : retour sur les Tables rondes des francophones et des Métis de l’Ouest canadien
Authors: Melançon Jérôme , Parker Alyssa
Published: December 2023

Entre 2005 et 2009, l’Institut français de l’Université de Regina a organisé une série de quatre « Tables rondes des francophones et des Métis de l’Ouest canadien », qui ont rassemblé des membres des communautés francophones et métisses de la Saskatchewan. Dans cet article, nous revenons sur ce projet de rapprochement et de réconciliation afin de comprendre la manière dont les Métisses et Métis ont parlé de leur appartenance et de leur nation à leurs interlocutrices et interlocuteurs fransaskois. Nous avons remarqué qu’en dépit de plusieurs proximités, l’accent a été mis sur le besoin de tenir compte des différences entre les deux groupes. Après une description des tables rondes, nous nous tournons vers le champ des études métisses pour comprendre le contexte intellectuel dans lequel les tables rondes se sont (inconsciemment) inscrites et prennent sens aujourd’hui. La description et l’analyse qui suivent portent sur les micro-récits offerts par des participantes et des participants métis, autour de deux thèmes principaux : d’abord, la manière dont ils ont présenté l’identité et l’appartenance métisses ; ensuite, les conditions proposées pour établir de nouvelles relations avec les communautés francophones. Au terme de cet exercice, nous dégageons quelques leçons méthodologiques au moment où les communautés francophones cherchent à développer des relations de respect mutuel et à participer à la réconciliation avec les Premiers Peuples.
Una estrategia de desarrollo local: Estudio aplicado a un programa de gobierno para el “despegue” del municipio de Brunete
Authors: HERRANZ GUILLÉN JOSÉ LUIS
Published: December 2023

Muchos municipios españoles manifiestan una clara tendencia al estancamiento socioeconómico, e incluso a su desaparición, debido a que no disponen o no resulta sostenible el conjunto de factores que determinan su desarrollo y prosperidad.
Uno de ellos es Brunete, un pequeño municipio madrileño conocido por la famosa batalla militar que se libró en su territorio durante la Guerra Civil. Aunque está localizado tan solo a 25 km. de Madrid capital, y por lo tanto cabe beneficiarse del esponjamiento de la conurbación madrileña, sin embargo, da la impresión de que no ha contado con los elementos propicios para desencadenar los procesos catalizadores del “despegue”, utilizando terminología de WW. Rostow. Otros municipios semejantes de su área geográfica, por el contrario, sí han sido capaces de aprovechar tales oportunidades.
Tras lo que podemos llamar una década perdida, Brunete parece estar atrapado en sus inercias históricas, que dificultan o impiden su crecimiento y modernización.
En este trabajo desarrollamos una investigación inicial acerca de los factores que pueden estar limitando el avance de Brunete como ciudad, así como de aquellas fortalezas y oportunidades que podrían aprovecharse para, dentro de un plan de choque bien estructurado, abordar las políticas clave para conseguir la meta del despegue.
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Many Spanish municipalities show a clear tendency towards socioeconomic stagnation, and even to their disappearance, due to the fact that they do not have, or are not sustainable, the set of factors that determine their development and prosperity.
One of them is Brunete, a small Madrid municipality known for the famous military battle that took place in its territory during the Civil War. Although it is located only 25 km. from the capital Madrid, and therefore it can benefit from the expansion of the Madrid conurbation, however, aparently it has not had the propitious elements to trigger the catalytic processes of "takeoff", using a WW. Rostow’s terminology. However, other similar municipalities, in the same geographical area, have been able to take advantage of such opportunities.
After what we can call a lost decade, Brunete seems to be trapped in its historical inertia, which hinders or prevents its growth and modernization.
In this work we develop an initial investigation about the factors that may be limiting the progress of Brunete as a city, as well as those strengths and opportunities that could be seized to, within a well-structured shock plan, implement the key policies to achieve the takeoff target.
Evocación de la memoria y la cotidianeidad en Parla (Madrid): una aproximación al sentido de lugar en la ciudad dormitorio
Authors: Morcillo López Marina
Published: December 2023

La idea del no-lugar o del lugar-carente-de-lugar ha gozado ?y aún goza, aunque su enunciación se suavice? de un amplio reconocimiento en la aproximación teórica a la circunstancia de las ciudades dormitorio que nutren las áreas metropolitanas de las grandes ciudades globales. La finalidad del presente artículo radica en la fundamentación de una mirada crítica frente a este tipo de planteamientos a partir de un estudio de caso: el de Parla, enclave urbano habitado por cerca de 130.000 ciudadanos a veinte kilómetros de Madrid. Trabajamos sobre el análisis del discurso sostenido por un nutrido grupo de vecinos y vecinas que se prestan a participar de la investigación. Las memorias y experiencias cotidianas de estas personas nos permiten identificar tres hitos sobre los que articular un relato compartido ?aunque de manera siempre provisional? y señalar el espacio físico sobre el que los acontecimientos se desarrollan. La llegada, el conflicto y el despertar de un progresivo compromiso político y/o social conduce a la emergencia de un determinado sentimiento de identificación con el lugar vivido. En último término, el texto pretende dar cuenta de la compleja relación entre Historia, Memoria y Espacio.
CONSTRUCTION OF SKEW RULED SURFACES BY MANIPULATING CONTROL LINES
Authors: Lordick Daniel
Published: December 2023

When it comes to doubly curved surfaces in construction, especially shell structures, the skew ruled surfaces play a prominent role, because they are statically efficient and relatively easy to produce [1]. However, in order to fully exploit the design potential of this class of surfaces, conventional CAD programs do not provide adequate tools. From the priority program 1542 by the German Research Foundation (DFG) named Concrete light, an add-on is presented [2] that facilitates parametric design with ruled surfaces on the basis of line geometry and also enables a connection to finite element methods.
Transcranial focused ultrasound to human rIFG improves response inhibition through modulation of the P300 onset latency
Authors: Fine Justin M , Mysore Archana S , Fini Maria E , Tyler William J , Santello Marco
Published: December 2023

Response inhibition in humans is important to avoid undesirable behavioral action consequences. Neuroimaging and lesion studies point to a locus of inhibitory control in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG). Electrophysiology studies have implicated a downstream event-related potential from rIFG, the fronto-central P300, as a putative neural marker of the success and timing of inhibition over behavioral responses. However, it remains to be established whether rIFG effectively drives inhibition and which aspect of P300 activity uniquely indexes inhibitory control—ERP timing or amplitude. Here, we dissect the connection between rIFG and P300 for inhibition by using transcranial-focused ultrasound (tFUS) to target rIFG of human subjects while they performed a Stop-Signal task. By applying tFUS simultaneously with different task events, we found behavioral inhibition was improved, but only when applied to rIFG simultaneously with a ‘stop’ signal. Improved inhibition through tFUS to rIFG was indexed by faster stopping times that aligned with significantly shorter N200/P300 onset latencies. In contrast, P300 amplitude was modulated during tFUS across all groups without a paired change in behavior. Using tFUS, we provide evidence for a causal connection between anatomy, behavior, and electrophysiology underlying response inhibition.
Human-specific lncRNAs contributed critically to human evolution by distinctly regulating gene expression
Authors: Lin Jie , Wen Yujian , Tang Ji , Zhang Xuecong , Zhang Huanlin , Zhu Hao
Published: December 2023

What genomic sequences make conserved genes generate divergent expression in closely related species, which may have critically driven human evolution, has puzzled researchers for decades. Genomic studies have examined species-specific gene birth, gene loss, and changes in promoters and transcription factor binding sites, but species-specific epigenetic regulation remains barely explored. This study identified human-specific long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from GENCODE-annotated human lncRNAs, predicted their DNA binding sites (DBSs) genome-wide, analyzed these DBSs and their counterparts in modern humans (CEU, CHB, and YRI), archaic humans (Altai Neanderthals, Denisovans, and Vindija Neanderthals), and chimpanzees, and analyzed the impact of DBSs on gene expression in modern and archaic humans. The results suggest that human-specific lncRNAs and their DBSs have substantially rewired gene expression human-specifically and that the rewiring has evolved continuously from archaic to modern humans. Rewired gene expression promotes brain development, makes humans adapt to new environments and lifestyles, and causes differences in modern humans. These results uncover a critical dimension of human evolution and underscore the diverse functions of species-specific lncRNAs.
Correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study
Authors: Ding JingCheng , Shi Qian , Tao Qian , Su Hong , Du Yijun , Pan Tianrong , Zhong Xing
Published: December 2023

Objective

To investigate the correlation between long-term glycemic variability and cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

This retrospective analysis includes 222 patients hospitalized at Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). All patients were categorized into the MCI group and the non-MCI group based on their MoCA score. Long-term blood glucose fluctuations were measured using glycated hemoglobin A1c standard deviation (HbA1c-SD) and fasting plasma glucose standard deviation (FPG-SD). The study compared general clinical data, blood biochemical indicators, and glycemic variability indicators between the two groups. The differences between the groups were compared using t-test, Chi-Square Test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Kendall’s correlation analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis and ROC curve correlation analysis were further used to analyze the correlation and diagnostic power.

Results

The differences in age, MoCA scores, MMSE scores, HOMA-β, HbA1c-M, HbA1c-SD, FPG-M, FPG-SD, eGFR, Smoking, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). Kendall’s correlation analysis showed that age, HbA1c-M, HbA1c-SD, FPG-M, and FPG-SD was negatively correlated with MoCA scores; meanwhile, the HOMA-β, and eGFR was positively correlated with MoCA scores. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that HbA1c-SD, FPG-SD and Smoking were risk factors for cognitive dysfunction, while eGFR, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage was a protective effect. The area under the curve (AUC) values for predicting MCI prevalence were 0.830 (95% CI [0.774–0.877], P < 0.001) for HbA1c-SD, 0.791 (95% CI [0.655–0.808], P < 0.001) for FPG-SD, and 0.698 (95% CI [0.633–0.757], P < 0.001) for eGFR. The optimal diagnostic values were 0.91, 1.32, and 74.81 ml/min/1.73 m2 for HbA1c-SD, FPG-SD, and eGFR, respectively.

Conclusions

Cognitive function in middle-aged and elderly T2DM patients is influenced by long-term blood glucose variability, with poorer cognitive function observed in individuals with higher blood glucose variability. The impact of HbA1c-SD on MCI exhibited a greater magnitude compared to that of PFG-SD and smoking. Additionally, renal function, GLP-1RA and SGLT-2i usage exert positive effects on cognitive function.
Pictorial Review of Uncommon Coronary Artery and Juxtacoronary Anomalies
Authors: Vidavaluru Vineela Rekha , Seelam Swarnalatha , Vatti Anurudh Kishore , Owais Mohd Abdul Wahab , Chinta Bhavana
Published: December 2023

Coronary Artery Anomalies (CAAs) are uncommon congenital cardiac anomalies, yet they frequently cause sudden cardiac death in the young population. Diagnosis is often challenging due to the diverse clinical presentation, which ranges from being asymptomatic and incidental to causing myocardial ischaemia or cardiac arrest. Imaging plays a vital role in detecting haemodynamically significant and non significant coronary anomalies, aiding in timely surgical or medical intervention to restore myocardial circulation and reduce morbidity and mortality. The present pictorial review aims to classify coronary anomalies and describe a few haemodynamically significant and non significant anomalies encountered in the department. Increasing awareness of these uncommon CAAs among radiologists can ensure early and accurate patient management with an exceptional prognosis.
Variations in origins of External, Internal Carotid Artery and Superior Thyroid Artery Branching Pattern: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Jaiswal Pratima , Pratihar Pratik , Jain Aarushi , Asopa Ankush
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The rich vascularity of most parts of the head and neck is mainly maintained by the carotids and their branches. However, variations in the External Carotid Artery (ECA) and Superior Thyroid Artery (STA) can pose risks during neck surgeries. Aim: This study aimed to examine relationship of ECA at point of origin and variations in the origin of superior thyroid artery. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College Kota, Rajasthan, India. Fifty common carotid arteries were obtained from 20 adult human cadavers and five sagittal sections of head and neck specimens. The specimens were dissected bilaterally, resulting in a total of 50 carotids observed. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25. Results: In 86% of the specimens, the ECA originated at the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, while in 14% of the specimens, it was at a higher level. Transposition of the ECA laterally was observed in 4% of the specimens, and medial transposition was observed in 96% of the specimens. The STA originated from the ECA in 76% of the specimens, from the carotid bifurcation in 16% of the specimens, and from the Common Carotid Artery (CCA) in 8% of the specimens. Conclusion: The anatomical level of the CCA bifurcation is crucial clinically and surgically. These findings contribute to our understanding of the vascular anatomy of the carotid triangle, aiding students, radiologists, and surgeons in preventing complications and improving head and neck surgeries.
Surgical Operative Notes Compliance with the Standard Guidelines of the Royal College of Surgeons: A Retrospective Clinical Audit at a Tertiary Hospital in Bangalore, India
Authors: Paul Sam , Govindaraj Rithvik , Govindaraj Sridar
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Operative notes are essential documents that record the operative findings and procedures performed during surgeries. Therefore, it is crucial to document them with clarity and objectivity. They serve various purposes, including auditing, teaching, research, and providing valuable information in medicolegal cases. Aim: To assess the accuracy of operative note-keeping in accordance with the guidelines set by the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) of England. Materials and Methods: A retrospective clinical audit was conducted to evaluate the quality of operative notes in the Department of General Surgery at St. John’s Medical College and Hospital in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, from June 2022 to October 2022. A total of 75 surgical notes were analysed, including cases of both elective and emergency surgeries. The audit assessed all 19 parameters mentioned by the RCS. A master sheet was created to record the analysed variables, and each variable was categorised as present, absent, or not applicable. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0, and the results were expressed as percentages. Results: The documentation of the surgeon’s name, diagnosis, intraoperative findings, and procedure performed was accurate in both groups, comprising 45 (100%) cases of elective surgeries and 30 (100%) cases of emergency surgeries. However, there was a lower compliance with Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis in both groups, with 10 (22%) cases in elective surgeries and 4 (13%) cases in emergency surgeries. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it is recommended to adhere more strictly to the guidelines provided by the RCS of England, particularly in emergency cases. Regular audits should be conducted to ensure quality management, enhance surgical training, and address medicolegal implications effectively.
MDCT Imaging Features of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis with its Complications: A Pictorial Review
Authors: Kumar Nagarajaiah Chandandur Pradeep , Ramalakshmi K , Anvith M , Sanjana N , Prateek Parmeshwar Ugran
Published: December 2023

The incidence of Acute Pancreatitis (AP) was 30.0 per 100,000 population overall. The two most common aetiological factors of AP are gallstones and alcohol abuse, while other causes such as metabolic, iatrogenic, vascular, infections, and toxic factors are less important and less common. Two laboratory tests, serum amylase and lipase levels, which have relatively good sensitivity and specificity, complement imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of some cases of AP. Imaging helps confirm the clinical diagnosis, determine the cause, grade the extent of AP, and assess its severity, in addition to clinical symptoms and laboratory studies. Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) is characterised by continuous inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the pancreas, eventually resulting in exocrine and endocrine dysfunction. Alcoholism is a factor in 70-90% of CP cases. Other causes include chronic ulcerative colitis, Sjogren’s syndrome, primary sclerosing cholangitis, etc. Early diagnosis of CP is challenging, as biochemical studies do not provide definitive diagnosis in the early stages. Imaging, mainly Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), aids in the definitive diagnosis. The present pictorial article aimed to provide an image-rich overview of the morphological features associated with the early-stage and late-stage local consequences of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
Comparison of Two Different Continuous Wave Compaction Gutta-percha Obturation Techniques for Filling Oval-shaped Root Canals: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Margasahayam Sumanthini V , Chaudhari Gaurav U , Shenoy Vanitha U , Deshmukh Shreyal N , Satpute Tanvi , Verma Jayeeta
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The quality of Gutta-percha (GP) filling techniques depends on canal dimensions and anatomy. Thermoplasticised GP obturation techniques need to be modified in accordance to the root canal space anatomy. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of continuous wave and modified continuous-wave compaction GP techniques in obturating ovoid canals. Materials and Methods: The present in-vitro study was carried out in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics in MGMDCH, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, from October 2019 to December 2019 on 45 single rooted human teeth were selected and mounted in Eppendorf tubes. The canals were cleaned and shaped using the Protaper Next rotary system. The specimens were divided into three groups based on the obturation technique: Group 1-Lateral Compaction (LC), Group 2-Continuous Wave Compaction (CWC), and Group 3-modified continuous-wave compaction. After obturation, the specimens were radiographed in labial and distal views. Subsequently, the specimens were removed from the Eppendorf tubes, and the extrusion of filling materials was assessed. The radiographic images were analysed using image analysis software, and the void area was measured. The obtained data was tabulated and statistically analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Post-hoc Dunn’s test. Results: The warm compaction techniques showed denser obturations compared to LC and were statistically significant (p<0.0001) by the Kruskal-Wallis test in the distal view. Post-Hoc analysis using Dunn’s test for the density of obturation in the distal view showed a statistically significant difference between Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p=0.000002*) and Group 3 (p=0.000204*). Extrusion in Group 3 was comparable to Group 1, while the highest extrusion was observed in Group 2. Conclusion: The modified continuous warm compaction technique showed dense and homogenous obturation comparable to the continuous wave technique and outperformed the LC technique. Additionally, the modified continuous warm compaction technique exhibited less extrusion compared to the continuous warm compaction technique.