bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Den strategiske politiker
Authors: Bertelsen Christian
Published: March 2020

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Henrik Christoffersen, Danmarks konomiske historie. Efter 1960, Århus: Systime, 1999, 226 s., kr. 225,00.
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Jacob Torfing, New Theories of Discourse. Laclau, Mouffe and Zizek, 1999, £ 15.99, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 342 s.
Authors: Peter Frølund Thomsen Jens
Published: March 2020

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Statslig kontraktstyring
Authors: Leth Nielsen Christian
Published: March 2020

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Organiseringen af den kommunale børnetandpleje 1et valg mellem privat og offentlig
Authors: Larsen Brian
Published: March 2020

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Margaretha Järvinen og Margareta Bertilsson, Socialkonstruktivisme. Bidrag til en kritisk diskusssion, 1998, København: Hans Reitzels forlag, 1998.
Authors: Togeby Lise
Published: March 2020

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Mehdi Mozaffari, Fatwa. Violence og Discourtesy, Århus: Aarhus University Press, 1998,213 s., kr. 148,00.
Authors: Erslev Andersen Lars
Published: March 2020

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Artikelkonkurrencen
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Den politisk-økonomiske udvikling i Grønland: mod større økonomisk uafhængighed
Authors: Motzfeldt Josef
Published: March 2020

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Jørgen Goul Andersen, Peter Munk Christiansen, Torben Beck Jørgensen, Lise Togeby, Signild Vallgårda (red.), Den demokratiske udfordring, København: Reitzels Forlag, 304 s., kr. 225,00.
Authors: Klaudi Klausen Kurt
Published: March 2020

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Peter Hervik (red.). Den generende forskellighed. svar pa den stigende multikulturalisme, København: Hans Reitzels Forlag. 1999, 273 s., kr. 200.00.
Authors: Gaasholt Øystein
Published: March 2020

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Anders Berg-Sørensen (red.), Politologi praksis, Frederiksberg: Roskilde Universitetsforlag, 1999. 251 s., kr. 248,00.
Authors: Albæk Erik
Published: March 2020

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Niels Ploug og Jørgen Søndergaard, Velfærdssamfundets fremtid (sammenfatning resultater og indsigter fra Socialforskningsinstituttets SFI, 1999. kr. 90,00.
Authors: Peter Frølund Thomsen Jens
Published: March 2020

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Fra redaktionen
Authors: Redaktionen -
Published: March 2020

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Bjørn Erik Rasch, Demokrati - ideer og organisering, Bergen: Fagbokforlaget, 2000, 173 s, Nkr. 228,00.
Authors: Damgaard Erik
Published: March 2020

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Ole Nørgaard and Lars Johannsen with Mette Skak and René Hauge Sørensen, The Baltic States After Independence, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1999, 241 s., £ 55.00.
Authors: Jensen Jens-Jørgen
Published: March 2020

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Samfundet som samfundsvidenskabens problem
Authors: Bo Kaspersen Lars
Published: March 2020

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Design af grønne afgifter i Norden. CO -afgifterne og alliancen mellem kapital og arbejdere1
Authors: Branth Pedersen Anders
Published: March 2020

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Hvorfor skal grundloven revideres?
Authors: Tamm Ditlev
Published: March 2020

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Bertel Heurlin and Hans Mouritzen (eds.), Danish Foreign Policy Yearbook 2000, Copenhagen: Danish Institute of International Affairs, 2000, 257 s., kr. 100,00.
Authors: Beukel Erik
Published: March 2020

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Indledning: Udkast til en teori om forfatningsændringer
Authors: H. Qvortrup Mads
Published: March 2020

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Gunnar Viby Mogensen og Poul Chr. Matthiessen (red.), Integration i Danmark omkring årtusindskiftet. Indvandrernes møde med arbejdsmarkedet og velfærdssamfundet, Århus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2000,490 s., kr. 348,00.
Authors: Ûmit Necef Mehmet
Published: March 2020

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Peer Henrik Hansen og Jakob Sørensen, Påskekrisen 1948. Dansk dobbeltspil på randen af den kolde krig, København: Høst & Søn, 2000, 263 s., kr. 299,95.
Authors: Amstrup Niels
Published: March 2020

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Peter Auer, Employment revival in Europe. Labour market success in Austria, Denmark, Ireland and the Netherlands, Geneve: ILO, 2000, 148 s., £17.95.
Authors: Klitgaard Michael
Published: March 2020

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Bristede illusioner i Afrikas mikrokosmos: Sudans mislykkede nationsdannelse
Authors: Sloth Kristian
Published: March 2020

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Socialt kapital i tre akter
Authors: Norén Bretzer Ylva
Published: March 2020

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Sonido espacial para una inmersión audiovisual de alto realismo
Authors: Pueo Ortega Basilio , Tur Viñes Victoria
Published: March 2020

Los sistemas de vídeo y audio de alta inmersión tienen un auge impor-tante en entornos audiovisuales realistas. Las sensaciones visuales y sonoras que crean en el público se aproximan con un alto grado de similitud a lo percibido en el entorno real que pretenden recrear. Para ello, los estímulos deben contener toda la información necesaria, tanto espacial como temporal, que permita crear la ilusión de que el objeto audiovisual es real. En este artículo, se realiza un repaso de los sistemas audiovisuales que permiten esta recreación, con especial atención en los sistemas de audio envolvente. Se describe la técnica de audio 3D más prometedora, Wave Field Synthesis, junto con diversos campos de aplicación de entornos audiovisuales de alto realismo.
Basic Presumptions for Regulation of Bankruptcy of the Insurance Companies // Osnovne pretpostavke za regulisanje stečaja osiguravajućih društava
Authors: Čolović Vladimir
Published: March 2020

Bankruptcy proceedings against insurance companies are a special bankruptcy procedure, due to the specific nature of the insurance activity, as well as the status of insurance companies themselves. However, the fact is that, in this procedure, the general bankruptcy procedure is applied, and the rules of the special bankruptcy procedure must also be harmonized with these rules. The basic question that arises in this article is related to the presumptions that need to be defined in order to regulate this area, and, in addition, the important issue is also the way of regulating this area. Namely, the author in the article raises the question whether this matter should be regulated by a law that will refer only to bankruptcy of insurance companies or by the “statutory” law regulating the establishment and operation of this entity. Also, the author in this article also defines the basic presupmtions for bankruptcy of insurance companies, which refer to payrolls (in relation to the type of insurance), bankruptcy administrator, supervision of the operation of these entities, as well as to the transfer of an insurance portfolio that has its specifics in regarding the situation when it is not about bankruptcy. The author criticizes the solutions in the legislation of the Republic of Srpska and the Republic of Serbia, and gives proposals for future regulation of this matter. In addition, the author also represents the part of the EU Directive “Solvency II” referring to the liquidation (bankruptcy) of insurance companies.
Praksa Ustavnog suda Bosne i Hercegovine
Authors: Simović Marina M.
Published: March 2020

Sudska praksa
Implementation of the Neural Network Algorithm in Advanced Databases
Authors: Šikanjić Nedeljko , Avramović Zoran Ž. , Jakupović Esad F.
Published: March 2020

The progress of humanity is closely related to the progress of technology. The highlight of the development of technology will occur when the machines are able to do what they learn and know; think and make decisions on their own without human help. In this paper we will try to analyze how neural networks work and how they will further develop in terms of application in advanced databases. We will also explore how one of the major IT companies is developing and continuing to use neural networks.
Psychological Connection between Colors and Certain Characteristic Terms
Authors: Smailović Nedim
Published: March 2020

This paper presents results of a research on psychological connection between 40 offered colors and 91 terms from everyday life. Similar researches have been conducted and published in a number of instances in domestic and foreign bibliography, but this research has certain particularities that are not often present in other articles. For one thing, colors whose associativity with certain terms is being analyzed are shown in a table, their name and code in the RGB system of color marking are provided. Colors were not merely described, e.g. blue, green, yellow, etc., as it may be confusing or lead to misinterpretation of answers since there are many degrees of blue color, for example. In the second part of the poll, the subjects answered the Ishihara test, in order to check the ability to correctly interpret the colors. The third specific is triple visual interpretation of received results using colored graphs.
The Importance of Information Technologies in Managing Human Potentials of the Logistic Centers of the Republic of Srpska
Authors: Đalić Nataša , Terek Edit , Paunović Mina , Bakator Mihalj
Published: March 2020

Information technologies within logistic systems and their impact on economic, social and personal development have become an important subject of scientific research over the past decades. Theoretical and empirical research has shown the need to achieve and exploit positive outcomes (organization expansion, efficiency, effectiveness, competitive position) adoption and implementation of information technologies in logistics centers. At the time of great technological innovations, the human resources management plays an important role in achieving the competitive advantage of logistics centers on the market. With the development of new technologies, there are also changes in the way human resources management is handled within companies. The theme of this paper is the research of the connection between the importance of information technologies in managing human potentials and the performance of logistics centers. Information technologies have a growing presence in the management of human resources within logistics centers, and therefore their application achieves a great competitive advantage on the market. The aim of this paper is to use the analysis and descriptive methods to find a solution to the importance of information technologies in human resources management within a logistics center with the greatest focus on ERP systems.
Analysis of Using Cloud Business in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Region
Authors: Travar Mihajlo , Dugonjić Igor , Ristić Saša
Published: March 2020

Cloud business is the basic support to operations of modern companies. It enables companies to be more agile and innovative. Such form of digital transformation improves business and company productivity and solves business problems in innovative ways. On one hand, Cloud business makes possible for users to get the best expertise possible which they cannot develop independently. On the other hand, it offers possibilities to reduce the costs related to hardware and software to a reasonable level. The time value of money present in Cloud business is also significant. Namely, companies no longer need to invest large sums of money in equipment or software solutions; it is sufficient to rent those and use revenues for future business investments. Cloud solutions mean that users, using modern technology, access their business software solution through a web browser (web application) thus completing their business processes and accessing the database. Expansion of business leads to a new phenomenon – users are no longer tied to a physical location. In this way, users more frequently work from home or on the move by using different mobile devices. We all use a number of applications (Gmail, outlook.com, Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter etc.) and take advantage of the Cloud business without being aware of it. We do not install any of the mentioned applications on our devices but access those using an internet browser. Given the lack of IT experts due to economic migrations, as is the situation here, insufficient supply and enormous demand for IT professionals, the traditional model of using business information systems will become practically unsustainable. In this paper, following introductory and general remarks on Cloud business, an analysis was made of using Cloud business IT systems in RS/BH, Serbia and the EU.
Model of Information Integration of Management in Road Transport Companies
Authors: Salamadija Veselin , Gladovic Pavle
Published: March 2020

In modern business conditions, the management of work by road transport companies is becoming more and more complex, and it is challenging to manage the companies’ management and business continuously before the management of these companies.The expansive development of information and communication technologies, technique and technology, the globalization of the world economy, the ever more diverse requirements of transport service users require efficient adaptation of the business of road transport companies. The application of modern information and communication technologies facilitates the business and operation of road transport companies, and management information systems create the preconditions for efficient decision-making by all decision makers in road transport companies.In order to improve the process of managing the work of a road transport company it is necessary to explore the possibility of information integration of the management of a road transport company, which will integrate all the managers regardless of the level of management they belong to. Infrastructure integration is necessary in the horizontal line of management, especially operative and medium, and in the vertical line all levels of management (top, middle and operational).In this paper, a new model of information integration of management will be proposed, which can be applied in medium-sized and bigger transport companies.
The satisfaction of the users of health services with the work of nurses at the Rosulje Family Medicine Clinic // Zadovoljstvo korisnika zdravstvenih usluga radom medicinskih sestara u Ambulanti porodične medicine „Rosulje“
Authors: Jović Darija
Published: March 2020

The quality of health care is a very complex feature of the condition and functioning of the health care system, and one of the elements of quality is the satisfaction of the users (patients) provided with health care. In order to evaluate patient satisfaction, there are many opportunities that are provided in order to obtain information about what they think and feel about the healthcare provided. In some institutions there are books of impressions, cases for remarks and praise, nursing surveys, telephone surveys, etc. In this paper, the questionnaire examined the satisfaction of patients with the work of nurses in the Rosulje Family Medicine Clinic. The results of the study show that the patients are very satisfied with the work of the staff in APM Rosulje. Positive attitude towards the work of the clinic is contributed by the long-standing placement of nurses and doctors in the outpatient clinic, the knowledge of patients, their habits and thus better communication and recognition of the patient and family problem.
Longitudinal Skeleton Dimensionality in Children With Disturbed Body Posture // Longitudinalna dimenzionalnost skeleta kod dece narušene posture
Authors: Milić Zoran , Vujkov Sandra , Halasi Szabolcs , Lepeš Josip
Published: March 2020

Disturbed body posture in children changes the musculoskeletal system significantly. Muscular disbalance i.e. muscular asymmetry in both the sagittal and the frontal plane can affect the variation level of the longitudinal skeleton dimensionality. The conducted research included a sample of 67 children in the municipality of Subotica, out of which 22 had kyphotic disturbed body posture, 18 had lordotic disturbed body posture while 27 had flat feet. The aim of the research was to determine the differences in longitudinal dimensions in children aged 10 and 11 who have disturbed body posture. The obtained results indicate a statistically significant difference in arms’ length (p=0.02).
The Role of Recess in Students’ Physical Activity Promotion // Улога школског одмора у промоцији физичке активности ученика
Authors: Kermeci Silvija , Đorđić Višnja
Published: March 2020

According to contemporary approaches to health promotion, school can provide a supporting environment which promotes students’ physical activity with recess being an integral part of a school day that deserves a special attention. Although the duration, number and structure of recesses in most countries are not precisely prescribed, current research confirms that there are simple, effective and sustainable intervention to promote recess physical activity. Some of interventions refer to implementation of structured physical activity program implementation, availability of equipment, playground markings and zoning, usage of movable/recycled playground materials, shift to natural playing environment etc. Since physical activity significantly varies depending on students’gender, age and other personal features, as well as on environmental characteristics, this should be considered when planning effective recess physical activity interventions.
Morphological Characteristics as a Predictor of Succesful Results in Cadets Agility Tests in Football / Morfološke karakteristike kao prediktor rezultatske uspješnosti u testovima agilnosti kod kadeta u fudbalu
Authors: Bajrić Osmo , Goranović Slobodan , Božić Darko , Stanković Aleksa
Published: March 2020

The study was conducted on a sample of 50 cadets for determination of predictive values of selected morphological characteristics in the four agility test resultant performance. In the study, 12 variables were used to evaluate the morphological characteristics defined as predictor (input) set of variables. Criterion variables presented the following agility assessment tests: agility-forward-backward run with rotation (93639OK), 20-yard test (MAG 20Y), 4x5 meters run (AG4X5M), T-test (MAG T). For the determination of the predictive values of the selected morphological characteristics on the successful result in the agility assessment tests, four multiple regression analyses were applied to each test. The results of regression analysis show that the morphological characteristics observed in this study are relatively poorly correlated with the results in the cadet’s agility evaluation. Statistically significant regression correlation was obtained between selected morphological characteristics and the 4 x 5 meters run with a change of direction at 900 and 1800 (AG4X5M). There was no statistically significant correlation in the other agility test estimation and the selected morphological characteristics although the partial association of some morphological characteristics was noticed. The results obtained may be of benefit to coaches and other professionals working with younger age categories in football as guidance for more useful planning and programming of training work, as well in the choice of appropriate training methods.
Položaj mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini
Authors: Petrović Željko
Published: March 2020

Bosna i Hercegovina je tranziciona država kojaprolazi izuzetno složene promjene koje se sastoje prije svega upromjeni ekonomskog i političkog sistema. Proces tranzicijeBosne i Hercegovine u odnosu na druge države karakteriše da jeon zaustavljen građanskim ratom, a zatim se odvijao poduputstvima i nadzorom međunarodne zajednice. U takvimokolnostima mladi u Bosni i Hercegovini se suočavaju sa nizomproblema za koje su velikim dijelom odgovorne državneinstitucije, dok istovremeno nedostaje programski i strateškipristup unaprijeđenju položaja mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini.Mladi u Bosni i Hercegovini nalaze se na margini društva.Najveći problem mladih u Bosni i Hercegovini su u oblastizapošljavanja i obrazovanja što je odraz same ekonomskesituacije Bosne i Hercegovine. Upravo u ovom radu isražio sepoložaj mladih prije svega u onim oblastima u kojima su najvećiproblemi a to su obrazovanje, zapošljavanje, a zatim oblastiučešća u javnom životu, sportu i kulturi.
Decentralizovane finansije i kriptovalute – nužnost edukacije mladih za ovu oblast
Authors: Golić Zorica
Published: March 2020

Čitavu deceniju nakon što je Satoshi Nakamotopredstavio prvu kriptovalutu bitkoin (BTC) zasnovanu narevolucionarnom blockchain-u i time uzdrmao naučnu i stručnujavnost, a ponajviše svijet finansija suočeni smo sa još jednimnovitetom – pojavom termina decentralizovane finansije (DeFi).Da se radi o području sa velikim potencijalom potvrđujunajnoviji događaji iz septembra mjeseca 2019. godine kada jeNasdaq, druga najveća berza na svijetu, sa sjedištem u Njujorkulistirala novi cjenovni indeks za DeFi – DeFix Index (DEFX).Dodavanje indeksa fokusiranog na DeFi je samo signal da WallStreet budno prati razvoj novog, brzorastućeg DeFi tržišta.Pored povećane upotrebe kriptovaluta iz godine u godinu, tenjihove ekonomske i finansijske funkcije ovo područje zaslužujesvu moguću pažnju akademske zajednice i zbog toga što sve onošto smo znali iz tradicionalnih finansija možda nije releventno zanjega, te stoga zahtjeva dodatnu pažnju i edukaciju mladih zaovu oblast. Obzirom da rezultati najnovijih istraživanjapokazuju da je više od 43% milenijalaca i veliki procenatpunoljetnih postmilenijalaca usvojilo kriptovalutu, cilj ovogarada je da ukaže na značaj edukacije mladih za ovu oblast kakobi što spremniji i oprezniji uskočili u voz zvani kriptovalute isvijet DeFi.
Uticaj demografskih promena i održivosti na razvoj turističke destinacije
Authors: Petrović D.
Published: March 2020

Zbog brzog širenja turizma, tradicionalneturističke destinacije, kao i one u razvoju, suočavaju se sa svevećim pritiskom na njegovo prirodno okruženje, kulturno idruštveno-ekonomsko okruženje. Turizam je perspektivan sektorza razvoj u zemljama sa velikim prirodnim okruženjem, ali ipak,njegov snažan razvoj može izazvati velike društvene poremećaje ipovećan pritisak na životnu sredinu i ekologiju. Potražnja turistaza resursima konkuriše potrebama lokalnog stanovništva i čestodovodi do socijalnih nejednakosti i nepravdi.Uticaji turizma su ambivalentni. S jedne strane, ima veomapozitivnu i važnu ulogu u društveno-ekonomskom razvojumnogih zemalja, poboljšanju međunarodnih odnosa iuspostavljanju mira u svijetu, a s druge strane, mnoge turističkedestinacije doživjele su negativne efekte turizma na životnesredine, kulture i društva.
Развој савремених материјала кроз анализe базе података у MS SQL SERVER – у
Authors: Игњић Петар , Јокић Стево , Цветковић Александар Сандро
Published: March 2020

У овом раду смо се бавили креирањем базеподатака у MS SQL Serveru, те даљом анализом тихподатака. Направили смо базу података везано за садњулистопадних и четинарских садница у Брчко дистриктуБиХ. Основна идеја је била да укажемо на неки начинда је могућа симбиоза научних дисциплинахортикултуре и информатике, конкретно базаподатака, MS SQL Server алата и програмског језикаSQL уопште. Креирањем базе података везано за садњубиљака из области хортикултуре и њеном анализомдоказали смо да помоћу информатике можемо доћи докорисних информација и закључака који супримјењиви у реалним околностима. На тај начин смопоставили основу за даља истраживања овог типаупотребом SQL alata.
The evolution of the vestibular apparatus in apes and humans
Authors: Urciuoli Alessandro , Zanolli Clément , Beaudet Amélie , Dumoncel Jean , Santos Frédéric , Moyà-Solà Salvador , Alba David M
Published: March 2020

Phylogenetic relationships among extinct hominoids (apes and humans) are controversial due to pervasive homoplasy and the incompleteness of the fossil record. The bony labyrinth might contribute to this debate, as it displays strong phylogenetic signal among other mammals. However, the potential of the vestibular apparatus for phylogenetic reconstruction among fossil apes remains understudied. Here we test and quantify the phylogenetic signal embedded in the vestibular morphology of extant anthropoids (monkeys, apes and humans) and two extinct apes (Oreopithecus and Australopithecus) as captured by a deformation-based 3D geometric morphometric analysis. We also reconstruct the ancestral morphology of various hominoid clades based on phylogenetically-informed maximum likelihood methods. Besides revealing strong phylogenetic signal in the vestibule and enabling the proposal of potential synapomorphies for various hominoid clades, our results confirm the relevance of vestibular morphology for addressing the controversial phylogenetic relationships of fossil apes.
A neurobiological association of revenge propensity during intergroup conflict
Authors: Han Xiaochun , Gelfand Michele J , Wu Bing , Zhang Ting , Li Wenxin , Gao Tianyu , Pang Chenyu , Wu Taoyu , Zhou Yuqing , Zhou Shuai , Wu Xinhuai , Han Shihui
Published: March 2020

Revenge during intergroup conflict is a human universal, but its neurobiological underpinnings remain unclear. We address this by integrating functional MRI and measurements of endogenous oxytocin in participants who view an ingroup and an outgroup member's suffering that is caused mutually (Revenge group) or by a computer (Control group). We show that intergroup conflict encountered by the Revenge group is associated with an increased level of oxytocin in saliva compared to that in the Control group. Furthermore, the medial prefrontal activity in response to ingroup pain in the Revenge group but not in the Control group mediates the association between endogenous oxytocin and the propensity to give painful electric shocks to outgroup members, regardless of whether they were directly involved in the conflict. Our findings highlight an important neurobiological correlate of revenge propensity, which may be implicated in conflict contagion across individuals in the context of intergroup conflict.
Lamina-specific AMPA receptor dynamics following visual deprivation in vivo
Authors: Tan Han L , Roth Richard H , Graves Austin R , Cudmore Robert H , Huganir Richard L
Published: March 2020

Regulation of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) expression is central to synaptic plasticity and brain function, but how these changes occur in vivo remains elusive. Here, we developed a method to longitudinally monitor the expression of synaptic AMPARs across multiple cortical layers in awake mice using two-photon imaging. We observed that baseline AMPAR expression in individual spines is highly dynamic with more dynamics in primary visual cortex (V1) layer 2/3 (L2/3) neurons than V1 L5 neurons. Visual deprivation through binocular enucleation induces a synapse-specific and depth-dependent change of synaptic AMPARs in V1 L2/3 neurons, wherein deep synapses are potentiated more than superficial synapses. The increase is specific to L2/3 neurons and absent on apical dendrites of L5 neurons, and is dependent on expression of the AMPAR-binding protein GRIP1. Our study demonstrates that specific neuronal connections, across cortical layers and even within individual neurons, respond uniquely to changes in sensory experience.
Genotoxicity in Patients on Long-term Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy in Korea: A Nested Case-control, Prospective, Pilot Study
Authors: Choi Youn I , Chung Jun-Won , Park Dong Kyun , Kim Kyoung Oh , Kwon Kwang An , Kim Yoon Jae , Kim Su Young , Ahn Sung-Min , Han Mun-Deok , Ko Kwang-Pil
Published: March 2020

Background/Aims: Although proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain a mainstay for the suppression of gastric acid secretion, long-term PPI use is associated with side effects. However, the genotoxicity associated with long-term PPI use is unclear.Materials and Methods: This prospective observational pilot study enrolled patients who had been on PPIs for >1 year and healthy controls from July 2015 to August 2016. The subjects completed self-report questionnaires pertaining to their drug and medical history, and only those with no medical history and a ≥2-year wash-out period (for drugs other than PPIs) were included. We collected peripheral-blood lymphocytes from long-term PPI users and healthy controls and analyzed the genotoxicity by using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay; we also determined the fasting serum levels of pyridoxine, folate, cobalamin, and homocysteine.Results: Ten long-term PPI users and 40 healthy control subjects were enrolled. The median serum pyridoxine, folate, cobalamin, and homocysteine levels were not significantly different between the groups. The median frequencies of micronuclei (MNi), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear buds (Nbuds) per 1,000 binucleated cells, in long-term PPI users and healthy controls, were 30.3 and 16.3 (P<0.005), 2.5 and 1.8 (P<0.005), and 9.3 and 5.0 (P<0.005), respectively. Even after adjustment for confounding factors, the OR of the MNi, NPBs, and Nbuds for long-term PPI users compared with healthy control subjects were 14.1 (P<0.001), 2.0 (P=0.001), and 1.3 (P=0.3), respectively.Conclusions: Long-term PPI use was significantly associated with an increased risk of genotoxicity after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, medical history, drug history, and the serum levels of vitamins.
A preliminary study of the effect of a high-salt diet on transcriptome dynamics in rat hypothalamic forebrain and brainstem cardiovascular control centers
Authors: Ramachandran Chitra Devi , Gholami Khadijeh , Lam Sau Kuen , Hoe See Ziau
Published: March 2020

Background

High dietary salt intake is strongly correlated with cardiovascular (CV) diseases and it is regarded as a major risk factor associated with the pathogenesis of hypertension. The CV control centres in the brainstem (the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) and the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM)) and hypothalamic forebrain (the subfornical organ, SFO; the supraoptic nucleus, SON and the paraventricular nucleus, PVN) have critical roles in regulating CV autonomic motor outflows, and thus maintaining blood pressure (BP). Growing evidence has implicated autonomic regulatory networks in salt-sensitive HPN (SSH), but the genetic basis remains to be delineated. We hypothesized that the development and/ or maintenance of SSH is reliant on the change in the expression of genes in brain regions controlling the CV system.

Methodology

We used RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) to describe the differential expression of genes in SFO, SON, PVN, NTS and RVLM of rats being chronically fed with high-salt (HS) diet. Subsequently, a selection of putatively regulated genes was validated with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in both Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats.

Results

The findings enabled us to identify number of differentially expressed genes in SFO, SON, PVN, NTS and RVLM; that are either up-regulated in both strains of rats (SON-Caprin2,Sctr), down-regulated in both strains of rats (PVN-Orc,Gkap1), up-regulated only in SHRs (SFO-Apopt1,Lin52,AVP,OXT; SON-AVP,OXT; PVN-Caprin2,Sclt;RVLM-A4galt,Slc29a4,Cmc1) or down-regulated only in SHRs (SON-Ndufaf2,Kcnv1; PVN-Pi4k2a; NTS-Snrpd2l,Ankrd29,St6galnac6,Rnf157,Iglon5,Csrnp3,Rprd1a; RVLM-Ttr,Faim).

Conclusions

These findings demonstrated the adverse effects of HS diet on BP, which may be mediated via modulating the signaling systems in CV centers in the hypothalamic forebrain and brainstem.
Chronic arsenate exposure affects amphipod size distribution and reproduction
Authors: Visviki Ioanna , Judge Michael L.
Published: March 2020

Arsenate (As V) is the predominant inorganic species of arsenic in oxic aquatic environments. Chronic water quality criteria for arsenate have not been established due to the scarcity of relevant studies on its impact on aquatic biota. We examined the acute and chronic effects of arsenate on the benthic amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus, an important test organism for ecotoxicological studies. We determined that a concentration of 1,971 µg/L arsenate induced 50% mortality (LC50) in juveniles in 96-hr water only exposure. Subsequently, we tested the efficacy of a 42-day sediment bioassay to determine chronic population-level effects. Specifically, we analyzed the survivorship, size distribution, reproduction and offspring sex ratio of this amphipod to a sublethal concentration of arsenate. The sublethal concentration was determined based on the results of the acute tests. Arsenate (500 µg/L) was added to seawater (20 psu) overlying natural sediments (particle sizes < 250 µm). Fifteen replicate chambers per treatment were employed, each stocked with 20 stage-sorted juvenile amphipods (500–600 µm). Five replicates per treatment were destructively sampled on week 3 and ten replicates were sampled on week 6. Arsenate exposure did not affect the survivorship of parental amphipods, as expected, but it decreased significantly the number of offspring in the largest size classes. By week 6, arsenate-exposed replicates had statistically fewer sexually mature offspring compared to controls, likely because the overall reproduction was suppressed. Arsenate exposed amphipods had significantly fewer offspring than controls by week 6 (9.3 vs. 19.1 per parent), but the sex ratio of the offspring was not altered. Our results indicate that size distribution and reproduction may be more sensitive endpoints than survivorship for the chronic effects of arsenate in oxic systems. The extended 42-day bioassay with Leptocheirus plumulosus is a very promising tool to study the effects of toxicants on population dynamics.
ПУТЕШЕСТВИЕ А. ГУМБОЛЬДТА В РОССИИ, "Земля и Вселенная"
Authors: ИОГАНСОН Лидия Ивановна
Published: March 2020

Гумбольдт был едва ли не последним из ученых того старого, "аристотелевского” типа, которые пытались охватить своим духовным взором все естествознание и включали в круг своих изучений даже такие области, как: история, филология, археология, этнография, статистика и т.д. Все эти разнообразные предметы исследования подчинялись, однако, у Гумбольдта главной, излюбленной им области знания, которую он называл "физикой земного шара”.
Comparison of Non-linear Growth Curve Models in Non-descript California and New Zealand Rabbits Reared in the Tropical Conditions of Nigeria
Authors: Obioma Okeke Rufina , Onotu Suleiman Ibrahim , Kayode Omotugba Stephen , Yemiola Ibikunle Kehinde , Abdullahi Idris , Ugwu Louis , Kunle Adeniyi Adebayo , Akinsola Oludayo Michael
Published: March 2020

Nonlinear functions of body weight at different age intervals were used to estimate the growth pattern in New Zealand White and California rabbits. Gompertz and Logistic functions of 3 and 4 parameters were fitted to Age-weight data matrix. Age-weight records of New Zealand White and California rabbits from birth were monitored to 56 days to estimate the average growth curve for each breed. The weight difference between breeds was consistently in favor of California rabbits as compared to New Zealand White. It was concluded that the Gompertz and logistic models were both parsimonious and adequate in describing the growth patterns of New Zealand White and California rabbits in the tropical conditions of Nigeria.
The Clinical Implication of PTEN and FAK Expression in Gastric Cancer Patients
Authors: Lai Yi-Chen , Huang Kuo-Hung , Chen Ming-Huang , Chao Yee , Lo Su-Shun , Li Anna Fen-Yau , Wu Chew-Wun , Shyr Yi-Ming , Fang Wen-Liang
Published: March 2020

Objective:

The tumor suppressor gene phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was reported to inhibit the growth and invasion of gastric cancer (GC) via the downregulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). To date, the clinical implication of PTEN and FAK expression in GC has not been well addressed.

Methods:

A total of 200 GC patients receiving curative surgery were enrolled. The clinicopathologic features according to the expression of PTEN and FAK protein using immunohistochemical staining were compared among patients.

Results:

Patients with high PTEN expression were more likely to have smaller tumor size, more well- and moderately differentiated tumors, a more superficial gross appearance, less scirrhous stromal reactions, more likely to have high FAK expression, and have less advanced pathologic tumor (T) category, node (N) category, and tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stage and more distant metastases than patients with low PTEN expression. Multivariate analysis showed that PTEN/FAK expression status is an independent prognostic factor affecting overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Patients with PTEN(high)/FAK(low) had better OS and DFS, followed by those with PTEN(high)/FAK(high), those with PTEN(low)/FAK(low), and those with PTEN(low)/FAK(high) (OS: 83.3% versus 58.0% versus 46.2% versus 26.5%, respectively, P < 0.001; DFS: 83.3% versus 55.8% versus 30.8% versus 24.4%, respectively, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

GC patients with high PTEN expression were more likely to have fewer tumor recurrences and a better prognosis than those with low PTEN expression. PTEN and FAK may have opposing effects on GC patient survival. Our results may have clinical impact on treatment of GC patients.
A Study on the Intelligent Disaster Management System Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Choi Wonsang
Published: March 2020

This study was conducted with the help of information and communications technology in the government's disaster safety management, which is promoting an intelligent government. We would like to suggest policy measures for the application of artificial intelligence (AI), also referred to as determinants. To this end, we review the government's disaster safety management and review the development and operation of AI. AI-based government disaster safety management is examined, showing databases according to disaster area, the infrastructure of information systems that are operated by institutions, and that the existing infrastructure operates on one disaster platform. Furthermore, this paper proposes the fostering of manpower and organizations for the operation of AI on the deployed infrastructure and platforms.
Study on Securing Safety Based on Emergency Power Dualization inside Road Tunnel
Authors: Kim Jaeyoung , Min Sehong
Published: March 2020

With continued economic development, movement and logistics to various parts of the country are increasing. Consequently, long tunnels in the mountains and the large city underground road tunnels under construction have become increasingly important. Further, the escalating number of road tunnels has resulted in the deepening of tunnels and an increase in the number of long tunnels. Because it is highly possible fora traffic accident inside a tunnel to cause further accidents, various safety improvement measures should be prepared. To resolve the problem, dualizing the emergency power of CCTVs (which perform the major functions of tunnel safety) is proposed for application in a plan to improve safety. This plan improves safety control inside the tunnel and contributes to its maintenance. This study was prompted by the expressway tunnel accidents that occurred in the Central Region Expressway in October 2015 and February 2016. The safety security system based on the dualization of the emergency power inside the road tunnel is being monitored, with its application in some tunnels as the pilot project of an actual lab concept. Moreover, measures on safety control inside the road tunnel can be prepared through the monitoring.
A Study on Analyzing the Operation Time of the Sprinkler Head near the Beam with Fire Simulation
Authors: Choi Daehyun , Lee Jaemoon , Min Sehong
Published: March 2020

In this study, the dangers surrounding vehicular fires were identified by means of statistical analysis of the national fire information system. The analysis was conducted on the operation time of the sprinkler fire extinguisher, which plays the most essential role during the initial fire extinguishing attempt, in case of a fire outbreak. A simulation was created using the application guidelines pertaining to a sprinkler head located close to a beam as provided in NFSC 103. The operation time of the sprinkler head was analyzed for the case of a parking lot fire where a fan was operated. Fire Dynamics Simulator was used as the simulation program. If the revised guidelines were applied to thesimulation, the sprinkler head located directly above the fire source was activated approximately 1 minin advance compared to the sprinkler head operating under current standards. Therefore, it was found that the revised guidelines were suitable and aided in early fire extinguishing attempts. In the case where a fan was operated along with the detector, during the outbreak of a fire, it was found that the operation of the sprinkler head located directly above the fire was delayed by two or more minutes compared to the simulated case where no fan was operated.
Enhancement of Energy Absorption Capacity of Polyethylene Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composites According to Admixtures and Curing Conditions
Authors: Kim Min-Jae , Choi Hong-Joon , Chun Booki , Shin Wonsik , Yoo Doo-Yeol
Published: March 2020

This study aims to enhance the energy absorption capacity of cementitious composites with 2 vol.% of polyethylene fibers, by adjusting mixing ingredients and curing conditions. Ground blast furnace slag, cement kiln dust, limestone powder, and silica fume were incorporated, and two different curing conditions were applied: 72 h of curing at 90 ℃ and 120 h of curing at 40 ℃. Compressive strength test and direct tensile test were performed on 6 mixtures and the test results were compared with those of ultra-high-performance concrete and engineered cementitious composite specimens. The maximum compressive strength of the 6 mixtures was measured to be approximately 117 MPa. The higher cement replacement ratio of the other components resulted in a decrease in the compressive strength of the specimens cured at 90 ℃. In the direct tensile test, the specimens cured at 40 ℃ exhibited lower tensile strength than those cured at 90 ℃, but the strain capacity was increased by approximately 305% and reached 7.7%. This also resulted in an enhancement of the energy absorption capacity from 80%–292% because of the differences in micro-cracking and fracturing behaviors, such as an increase inthe number of micro-cracks and decrease in crack width.
Online Abuse and Harassment
Authors: Jane Emma A.
Published: March 2020

In recent years, gendered violence online in forms such as rape threats, cyberstalking, and image‐based abuse has become increasingly prevalent, toxic, and harmful. Contrary to claims that cyberhate is mostly innocuous because it is virtual rather than “real,” the widespread suffering caused to women has been shown to be substantial, tangible, and embodied. Gendered cyberhate causes women significant social, psychological, reputational, economic, and political harms, and is understood as constituting a new form of workplace harassment as well as an emerging, economic dimension of existing, gender‐related digital divides. The problem has received extensive international media coverage, as well as being the subject of calls for urgent intervention from organizations such as the United Nations (UN) and Amnesty International. Yet a wide range of insidious structural, institutional, and technological factors continue to make gendered cyberhate into a problem that can be difficult to understand and appreciate in its damaging entirety, let alone to combat. In a nutshell, while the technology is new, the threats of sexual violence, victim‐blaming, and institutional inaction associated with online abuse and harassment directed at women can be seen as sitting squarely in far older traditions. Among other things, this illustrates the tenacity of misogyny, the ongoing impacts of systemic gender inequity, the complexity of social problems flowing from machine–human interactions, and the continuing relevance of feminist activism.
Drag Performance on Screen
Authors: Kornstein Harris
Published: March 2020

While common definitions tend to reduce drag to a gendered transformation, drag is a multifaceted queer/trans performance practice rooted in stylized representations of camp, exaggeration, and authenticity that highlight the constructed, contested, and contradictory natures of social categories more broadly. Beyond its legacy in live performance, drag also has a rich history on screen in myriad examples of narrative, documentary, and art cinemas, as well as television, and an emerging engagement with digital and social media platforms. However, drag must also be distinguished from other forms of gender transgression, notably cross‐gender casting, cross‐dressing, and people who identify as transgender or gender nonconforming. Drawing on queer and other cultural theories, this entry focuses on the history of scholarship on drag as such, with attention to key media examples from classic films like
Paris Is Burning
and
The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert
, to the television empire of
RuPaul's Drag Race
and drag performers' #MyNameIs campaign challenging Facebook's “real names” policy.
Synthetic Biology and Tissue Engineering: Toward Fabrication of Complex and Smart Cellular Constructs
Authors: Hoffman Tyler , Antovski Petar , Tebon Peyton , Xu Chun , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Ahadian Samad , Morsut Leonardo , Khademhosseini Ali
Published: March 2020

Tissue engineering approaches, with the goals of replacing or recovering damaged or diseased tissues, or of reconstituting tissues in vitro for disease modeling and drug development, have the potential to make significant contributions to medicine. Advances in stem cell biology, biomaterial synthesis and characterization, and microscale technologies have made engineered tissues a reality. However, the classic tools used to build tissues in the lab do not allow for complete control of cell behaviors. More recently, synthetic biology principles have developed robust and versatile approaches to program cells with artificial genetic circuits, where cell behavior and function can be manipulated. At the interface between synthetic biology and tissue engineering, there is space for a new area of investigation where material engineering and cellular engineering complement and sustain each other. In this progress report, synthetic biology principles and how they have been used to engineer cells with potential to dictate cell behavior and function in tissue constructs of the future are briefly described. It is believed that this research area still needs further exploration to fully exploit synthetic biology to make smart and functional cellular constructs for therapeutic and in vitro applications.
Tumor‐Oriented Telomerase‐Terminated Nanoplatform as Versatile Strategy for Multidrug Resistance Reversal in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wu Yahui , Zhong Dan , Li Yachao , Wu Huayu , Xu Xianghui , Yang Jun , Gu Zhongwei
Published: March 2020

Multidrug resistance is one of the major problems in chemotherapy, and exploiting impactful targets to reverse drug resistance of most tumors remains a difficult problem. In this study, the tumor‐oriented nanoparticle, BIBR1532‐loaded peptide dendrimeric prodrug nanoassembly (B‐PDPN), is used to assist telomerase inhibition for multidrug resistance reversal. B‐PDPN possesses the characteristics of an acid‐activated histidine to promote cellular uptake, a redox‐sensitive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) layer to actualize endosomal escape and telomerase inhibitor release, and an acid sensitive chemical bond to facilitate chemotherapeutic drug release. Telomerase termination weakens the protective effect of hTERT protein on mitochondria and enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which increases DNA damage and apoptosis. The tumor‐oriented nanoparticle B‐PDPN achieves a broad‐spectrum telomerase inhibition to combat multidrug resistance. In vivo experiments support the evidence that B‐PDPN accumulates in the tumor site and reduces the expression of hTERT in tumor tissues to inhibit drug resistant tumor growth. This work introduces an innovative strategy of utilizing features of tumor‐activated nanoplatform to assist telomerase termination. The nanoplatform enhances intracellular drug concentration and nucleus delivery of doxorubicin (DOX), and promotes DNA damage to combat multidrug resistance.