bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dependencies of heat transmittance through the ventilated wall system on thermal conductivity of connectors crossing thermal insulation layer
Authors: Levinskytė Aurelija , Bliūdžius Raimondas , Burlingis Arūnas , Makaveckas Tomas
Published: September 2019

The ventilated facade systems are widely used for improvement of energy efficiency and reducing of heat losses of newly built buildings and for existing buildings. To reduce the influence of point thermal bridges on heat transfer through the ventilated facades, previous often used aluminium alloy connectors as a change to stainless steel and reinforced plastic connectors. Different thermal characteristics of connectors using in ventilated facade systems, significantly influence the heat transfer coefficient of building’s walls. Previous empirical calculations of the heat transfer through ventilated facade walls with different connectors according to standard methodology and numerical modelling showed significant differences in results, therefore experimental research with the fragments of the ventilated facade systems were carried out using a guarded hotbox method.

The aim of this experimental research was to analyse the heat flows through the ventilated wall system with different kind of heat-conductive connectors. Expanded polystyrene foam (λ – 0,031 W/(m∙K)) was used as thermal insulation material, thickness 300 mm, and three types of heat-conductive connections were installed: aluminum alloy (λ - 160 W/(m∙K)), stainless steel (λ - 17 W/(m∙K)) and glass fiber reinforced plastic (λ – 0,23 W/(m∙K)).

The measurements in the guarded hotbox were useful for analysis of differences in results according to the standard and numerical calculations methods. The experimental studies showed that the results are very close to the numerical simulation results. The empirical calculation method gave similar results to the other two methods, except in the case of highly heat-conductive connectors.
Wooden wall research: comparison of pavilion laboratory and climate chamber measurement
Authors: Durica Pavol , Kabatova Veronika , Juras Peter
Published: September 2019

With advance in the thermal protection, sustainability, low carbon, energy consumption etc. is the advance in the building envelopes important. Department is working in the research of lightweight timber-framed walls for several years. There are developed and tested several wall structures in the pavilion type laboratory - exposed to the real outdoor climate and controlled indoor climate. In this paper is made comparison of the selected wall composition, with aerated air cavity on the outdoor surface. Comparison is made with the pavilion laboratory wall and fragment of same composition in the climate chamber. With use of own weather station, recorded outdoor climate can be exactly modeled in the chamber. Also temperature and relative humidity courses were compared during same day. More test were evaluated in the climate chamber and analyzed.
The rising damp in two traditional clay-brick masonry walls and influence on heat transfer performance
Authors: Kong Zhenyi , Li Yonghui , Hokoi Shuichi , Hu Shi
Published: September 2019

This paper studies the law of capillary water rise in the brick solid wall and the brick cavity wall under the influence of high-humidity wall foundation. It is found that the rising height of the capillary water sharp front is proportional to the time to the 0.5 power, but the coefficient is related to the wall structure, and the speed in cavity wall is higher than that in the solid wall. The heat flow meter method was used to compare the influence of the capillary water to the heat transfer when it rises to different heights. It is found that the presence of capillary water has a direct impact on the heat transfer coefficient of the wall. The presence of capillary water may increase the heating load by 11.1% and the cooling load by 15% of a common historical building in hot summer and cold winter area of China.
Zur richtigen Position verhelfen – Lagerung in Neutralstellung (LiN)
Authors: Hilliger Stefan , Kramer Antje , Osada Ute , Hartnick Angela , Pickenbrock Heidrun
Published: September 2019

Ein gesunder Mensch sucht sich seine optimale Sitz- oder Liegeposition so lange, bis er sie gefunden hat. Dies kann eine Person, die eine Behinderung hat oder sehr betagt ist, oft nicht mehr selbstständig tun – sie wird von anderen gelagert. Eine Methode ist hierbei die Lagerung in Neutralstellung.
Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes among Nulliparous Women
Authors: Dude Annie M. , Grobman William , Haas David , Mercer Brian M. , Parry Samuel , Silver Robert M. , Wapner Ronald , Wing Deborah , Saade George , Reddy Uma , Iams Jay , Kominiarek Michelle A.
Published: September 2019

Objective To determine the association between total gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes.

Study Design Data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be (NuMoM2b) study were used. Total gestational weight gain was categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Outcomes examined included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, mode of delivery, shoulder dystocia, large for gestational age or small for-gestational age birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission.

Results Among 8,628 women, 1,666 (19.3%) had inadequate, 2,945 (34.1%) had adequate, and 4,017 (46.6%) had excessive gestational weight gain. Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with higher odds of hypertensive disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–2.36) Cesarean delivery (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.41), and large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23–1.80), but lower odds of small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50–0.71). Conversely, inadequate gestational weight gain was associated with lower odds of hypertensive disorders (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92), Cesarean delivery (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92), and a large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.94), but higher odds of having a small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.37–1.96).

Conclusion Both excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Patient and Provider Perceptions of a Patient Navigation Program to Improve Postpartum Care Among Publicly Insured Women
Authors: Hu Fengling , Strohbach Angelina , Martinez Noelle G. , Simon Melissa A. , Yee Lynn M.
Published: September 2019

Objective This study was aimed to assess patient and provider perceptions of a postpartum patient navigation program.

Study Design This was a mixed-method assessment of a postpartum patient navigation program. Navigating New Motherhood (NNM) participants completed a follow-up survey including the Patient Satisfaction with Interpersonal Relationship with Navigator (PSN-I) scale and an open-ended question. PSN-I scores were analyzed descriptively. Eighteen provider stakeholders underwent in-depth interviews to gauge program satisfaction, perceived outcomes, and ideas for improvement. Qualitative data were analyzed by the constant comparative method.

Results In this population of low-income, minority women, participants (n = 166) were highly satisfied with NNM. The median PSN-I score was 45 out of 45 (interquartile range [IQR]: 43–45), where a higher score corresponds to higher satisfaction. Patient feedback was also highly positive, though a small number desired more navigator support. Provider stakeholders offered consistently positive program feedback, expressing satisfaction with NNM execution and outcomes. Provider stakeholders noted that navigators avoided inhibiting clinic workflow and eased clinic administrative burden. They perceived NNM improved multiple clinical and satisfaction outcomes. All provider stakeholders believed that NNM should be sustained long-term; suggestions for improvement were offered.

Conclusion A postpartum patient navigation program can perceivably improve patient satisfaction, clinical care, and clinic workflow without burden to clinic providers.
Comparing Glucose Challenge Test Screening Thresholds in Obese and Overweight Gravidas
Authors: MacGregor Caitlin , Has Phin , Nardella Deanna , Werner Erika
Published: September 2019

Objective Given the paucity of contemporary data examining glucose challenge test (GCT), thresholds for gestational diabetes (GDM) screening in obese and overweight women, we sought to compare the sensitivity and testing characteristics of different screen positive GCT cut-offs in women with a prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of obese and overweight women with singleton pregnancies who underwent GCT between 24 and 296/7 weeks and had a value between 130 and 199 mg/dL necessitating a 3-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT). Exclusion criteria were pregestational diabetes mellitus, multigestation, use of diabetes medications, and bariatric surgery.

Results Between August 2015 and January 2016, 19% (n = 496) of women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 required a GTT to test for GDM, 27.8% (n = 138) of whom were diagnosed with GDM. Mean age was 30 years, mean BMI = 31.6 kg/m2, and 30.4% were Hispanic. The 130 mg/dL threshold compared with 140 mg/dL was more sensitive (absolute increase: 11.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.7–17%), but less specific (absolute decrease: 6.4%, 95% CI: 5.5–7.5%).

Conclusion Shared decision making should be used to determine GCT cut-offs as some patients may prefer to undergo a GTT rather than miss a diagnosis of GDM.
Shoulder Dystocia during Delivery and Long-Term Neurological Morbidity of the Offspring
Authors: Zamstein Omri , Harari Ziv , Sheiner Eyal , Wainstock Tamar
Published: September 2019

Objective The study aimed to evaluate risk factors and implications of shoulder dystocia (SD) on the neurological outcome of successfully delivered offspring.

Study Design This is a cohort analysis including 207,571 deliveries. Risk factors for SD were evaluated using general estimation equation multivariable analyses. Offspring hospitalization incidence up to age 18 years due to neurological conditions was compared between both groups. Kaplan–Meyer curve was used to assess the cumulative hospitalization incidence. Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for confounders.

Results SD complicated 0.2% (n = 353) of deliveries included in the study (n = 207,571). Risk factors for SD were fetal macrosomia, maternal diabetes mellitus, male gender, and advanced maternal age (p < 0.05 for all). Higher perinatal mortality was observed among SD cases (2.8 vs. 0.4%, p < 0.001). In most of the investigated neurological conditions no significant differences were found between the groups. Comparable rates of cumulative neurological-related hospitalization were observed (log rank p-value = 0.342) as well as lack of association between SD and neurological hospitalization (adjusted HR = 0.73; 95% CI 0.36–1.47; p = 0.381) when controlled for gestational age.

Conclusion Risk factors for SD are macrosomia, diabetes mellitus, male gender, and advanced maternal age. SD is not associated with long-term neurological morbidity of the offspring.
Tidal Volumes and Outcome of Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Premature Infants
Authors: Dassios Theodore , Williams Emma , Ambulkar Hemant , Shetty Sandeep , Hickey Ann , Greenough Anne
Published: September 2019

Objectives To compare the adjusted and unadjusted-for-weight tidal volume (VT) in ventilated prematurely born infants who were successfully extubated compared with the ones who failed extubation and explore the ability of VT to predict successful extubation.

Study Design This is a two-center, prospective, observational, cohort study of ventilated infants born <32 weeks of gestational age (GA) at King's College Hospital and St George's University Hospital, London, United Kingdom between February and September 2018. Expiratory VT was recorded before extubation, and extubation was considered successful if the infants were not reintubated within 72 hours.

Results Fifty-six (29 male) infants with a median (interquartile range) GA of 26 (25–29) weeks were studied. The infants who successfully extubated (N = 36) had a higher GA (27 [25–30] weeks) and VT (7.2 [4.8–9.5] mL) compared with the GA (25 [24–26] weeks) and VT (4.3 [4.0–5.5] mL) of the infants who failed extubation (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). VT/kg was not different in infants who successfully extubated compared with the ones who failed extubation (p = 0.643). Following multivariate regression, VT was associated with extubation success (adjusted p = 0.022) and GA was not (adjusted p = 0.167). A VT > 4.5 mL predicted successful extubation with 82% sensitivity and 58% specificity (area under the curve = 0.786).

Conclusion Successful extubation was associated with higher unadjusted-for-weight VTs compared with failed extubation, and unadjusted VT predicted extubation outcome with moderate sensitivity and specificity.
Evaluation of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Total Oxidant Status of Preterm and Term Breast Milk during the Course of Lactation and within a Nursing Session
Authors: Deniz Asli , Aydemir Ozge , Cakil Saglik Adviye , Sekili Zekiye , Kusku Kiraz Zeynep , Kar Ezgi , Tekin Neslihan
Published: September 2019

Objective Breast milk (BM) contains antioxidant molecules which may offer protection against oxidative stress (OS). We aim to investigate oxidant–antioxidant balance in preterm BM during the course of lactation and within a nursing session.

Study Design Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured in colostrum, transitional, and mature BM samples of preterm infants born earlier than 34th week of pregnancy and healthy term infants. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Foremilk and hindmilk samples were collected separately.

Results In colostrum and transitional milk, TAC (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and TOS (p = 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively) were lower in preterm BM compared with term BM. OSI was also lower in preterm BM, but it was statistically significant only in transitional milk (p < 0.001). TAC was highest in colostrum and decreased through the course of lactation. However, the decrease in TAC was not statistically significant in preterm BM. Lowest values of TOS and OSI were observed in colostrum. In transitional term BM, hindmilk had a better oxidant–antioxidant profile as indicated by lower TOS and OSI.

Conclusion Oxidant–antioxidant balance is preserved in BM in every stage of lactation. Preterm BM has lower OSI which may offer benefits to preterm newborn against OS.
First Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of the Use of Tranexamic Acid against ε-Aminocapróic Acid via the Oral Route for the Reduction of Postoperative Bleeding in TKA: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Morales-Avalos Rodolfo , Ramos-Morales Tomas , Espinoza-Galindo Ana María , Garay-Mendoza Domingo , Peña-Martínez Víctor M. , Marfil-Rivera Luis Javier , Garza-Ocañas Lourdes , Acosta-Olivo Carlos , Cerda-Barbosa Jessica K. , Valdés-González Nancy L. , Vílchez-Cavazos Félix
Published: September 2019

Total primary knee replacement results in significant postoperative bleeding. There are reports that 20 to 50% of the patients require a blood transfusion, which has been related to many complications, resulting in the search for strategies to reduce bleeding. The use of oral antifibrinolytics is becoming a low cost and safe way of achieving this goal. The hypothesis of this study was that the use of oral aminocaproic acid could provide similar results to the use of oral tranexamic acid (TXA). The purpose was to compare the effects of oral aminocaproic acid as a hemostatic agent versus the use of oral TXA administered in multiple doses pre and postsurgery in patients undergoing total primary knee replacement. We enrolled 92 patients that were randomly divided into two groups: received three doses of aminocaproic acid (2,000 mg per dose) or three doses of oral TXA (1,300 mg per dose). The drugs were administered according to the following schedule: 2 hours before surgery and 6 and 12 hours after surgery. The variables that were analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the hemostatic agents were total blood loss; hidden blood loss; external blood loss; transfusion rate; intraoperative blood loss; decreases in hemoglobin and hematocrit values; surgical drainage output; visual analogue scale; and surgical complications. There were no significant differences between any of the study variables for the group receiving oral aminocaproic acid and the group receiving oral TXA (p > 0.05), with the exception of patients who received TXA, who presented with more adverse events (p = 0.04). Our study showed that the use of oral aminocaproic acid was similar to its counterpart TXA regarding the evaluated parameters. Although patients who received TXA presented an average of 140 mL less blood loss than patients in the ε-ACA group, the difference did not appear to be clinically important, the transfusion rate was very low, and there were no between-group differences in postoperative complications.
On bipartite operators defined by sets of completely different permutations
Authors: Mozrzymas Marek , Chruściński Dariusz , Sarbicki Gniewomir
Published: September 2019

We introduce a class of bipartite operators acting on H⊗H (H being an n-dimensional Hilbert space) defined by a set of n Completely Different Permutations (CDPs). Bipartite operators are of particular importance in quantum information theory to represent states and observables of composite quantum systems. It turns out that any set of CDPs gives rise to a certain direct sum decomposition of the total Hilbert space which enables one simple construction of the corresponding bipartite operator. Interestingly, if set of CDPs defines an abelian group, then the corresponding bipartite operator displays an additional property – the partially transposed operator again corresponds to (in general different) set of CDPs. Therefore, our technique may be used to construct new classes of the so-called PPT (positive under partial transposition) states which are of great importance for quantum information. Using well-known relation between bipartite operators and linear maps, one can use also construct linear maps related to CDPs.
Microstructure and surface morphology of InAsSbBi grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Kosireddy R. R. , Schaefer S. T. , Shalindar A. J. , Johnson S. R.
Published: September 2019

The physical and chemical properties of 210 nm thick InAsSbBi layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy at temperatures between 400 and 430 °C on (100) GaSb substrates are investigated using Rutherford backscattering, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Nomarski optical microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results indicate that the layers are nearly lattice matched, coherently strained, and contain dilute Bi mole fractions. Large surface droplets with diameters on the order of 1 μm and densities on the order of 106 cm−2 are observed when the InAsSbBi growth is performed with lean As overpressures around 1%. Surface droplets are not observed when the As overpressure is increased to 4%. Small crystalline droplets with diameters on the order of 70 nm and densities on the order of 1010 cm−2 are observed between the large droplets for InAsSbBi grown at 430 °C. Analysis of one of the small droplets indicates a misoriented zinc blende crystal structure composed primarily of In, Sb, and Bi, with a lattice constant of 6.543 ± 0.038 Å. Lateral modulation in the Bi mole fraction is observed in InAsSbBi layers grown at 400 °C.
High enthalpy source dedicated to quantitative infrared emission spectroscopy of gas flows at elevated temperatures
Authors: Georges R. , Thiévin J. , Benidar A. , Carles S. , Amyay B. , Louviot M. , Boudon V. , Vander Auwera J.
Published: September 2019

The High Enthalpy Source (HES) is a novel high temperature source developed to measure infrared line-by-line integrated absorption cross sections of flowing gases up to 2000 K. The HES relies on a porous graphite furnace designed to uniformly heat a constant flow of gas. The flow compensates thermal dissociation by renewing continuously the gas sample and eliminating dissociation products. The flowing characteristics have been investigated using computational fluid dynamics simulation confirming good temperature uniformity. The HES has been coupled to a high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometer to record emission spectra of methane at temperatures ranging between 700 and 1400 K. A radiative model has been developed to extract absolute line intensities from the recorded spectra.
Nonlinear excitations in a degenerate relativistic magneto-rotating quantum plasma
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Sethi Papihra , Saini N. S.
Published: September 2019

An investigation of heavy nucleus-acoustic (HNA) excitations in a degenerate relativistic magnetorotating quantum plasma system comprising relativistically degenerate light nuclei/electrons and inertial nondegenerate heavy nuclei has been presented. The Zakharov-Kuznetsov-Burgers (ZKB) equation has been derived by employing the reductive perturbation method. The solution of the ZKB equation supports only positive potential monotonic and oscillatory HNA shock waves in congruence with the space observations. It is observed that the heavy nucleus viscosity is a source of dissipation and is responsible for the formation of HNA monotonic and oscillatory shock structures. Bifurcation analysis is also examined in the absence of dissipation. It is shown that the combined effects of external magnetic field strength, rotational frequency, and obliqueness significantly modify the basic properties of different HNA nonlinear structures. The results should be utilitarian to understand the characteristics of nonlinear excitations in degenerate relativistic magnetorotating quantum plasma which is present in astrophysical compact objects especially in white dwarfs and neutron stars.
Disentangling time-focusing from beam divergence: A novel approach for high-flux thermal neutron spectroscopy at continuous and long-pulse sources
Authors: Zanatta M. , Andersen K. H. , Deen P. P. , Orecchini A. , Paciaroni A. , Petrillo C. , Sacchetti F.
Published: September 2019

We present the concept of a novel time-focusing technique for neutron spectrometers, which allows us to disentangle time-focusing from beam divergence. The core of this approach is a double rotating-crystal monochromator that can be used to extract a larger wavelength band from a white beam, thus providing a higher flux at the sample compared to standard time-of-flight instruments, yet preserving energy resolution and beam collimation. The performances of a spectrometer based on this approach are quantitatively discussed in terms of possible incident wavelengths, flux at the sample, and (Q, E)-resolution. Analytical estimates suggest flux gains of about one order of magnitude at comparable resolutions in comparison to conventional time-of-flight spectrometers. Moreover, the double monochromator configuration natively shifts the sample away from the source line-of-sight, thus significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio. The latter, in combination with a system that does not increase the beam divergence, brings the further advantage of a cleaner access to the low-Q region, which is recognized to be of fundamental interest for magnetism and for disordered materials, from glasses to biological systems.
Experimental and numerical study on the meso-scopic characteristics of metal composites jets by a shaped charge
Authors: Wang Fang , Ma Dongjun , Wang Pei , Liu Jun , Jiang Jianwei
Published: September 2019

There are significant mesostructural differences between metal composites and traditional homogeneous materials. To study the mesocharacteristics of metal composites during the formation of a shaped charge jet, an early collapse experiment was designed and executed in this study to recover the initially shocked tungsten–copper (W–Cu) liner. The early jet was subjected to microscopic observation and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy tests, and the results indicated an uneven distribution of components of the W–Cu materials under explosive loading. To adequately characterize the mesostructure of the metal composites, a three-dimensional (3D) mesodiscrete model generation program was developed based on the random particles' principle. Mesoscale numerical simulations were carried out by using the 3D arbitrary Lagrange–Euler method along with the tracer technique. The results indicate that the average velocity of the Cu phase was higher than that of the W phase and led to a phase segregation and composition gradient in the W–Cu jet during its process of formation.
Fluctuation electron microscopy on silicon amorphized at varying self ion-implantation conditions
Authors: Radić Dražen , Hilke Sven , Peterlechner Martin , Posselt Matthias , Bracht Hartmut
Published: September 2019

The medium range order of self-ion-implanted amorphous silicon was studied by variable resolution fluctuation electron microscopy and characterized by the normalized variance V(k,R). The ion-implantation was conducted at sequentially increasing ion energies ranging from 50 keV to 300 keV. Two silicon-on-insulator wafers were amorphized at different implantation conditions. From each material, one as-prepared and one ex situ annealed specimen were chosen for analysis. Fluctuation electron microscopy on cross-sectional prepared samples confirms the presence of medium range order due to the amorphization process. We propose three explanations on how the observed medium range order is created by silicon ion-implantation. Two of these suggestions involve paracrystals formed by thermal spikes while a third explanation assumes a medium range order due to nanoscale regions unaffected by the amorphization. Although the two amorphized silicon samples reveal different local structures due to the ion-implantation process, no difference in the self-diffusion behavior is evident, which demonstrates that self-diffusion mainly proceeds within the amorphous phase.
An additional electron-phonon coupling enhancement for improving SERS activity by supporting core-shell Au@Ag particles on carbon nanotubes
Authors: Tian Yue , Zhang Hua , Xu Linlin , Jiao Anxin , Chen Ming , Chen Feng
Published: September 2019

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy with unparalleled sensitivity for fingerprint detection of aromatic dyes is demonstrated by loading highly dense Au@Ag core/shell nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The Raman spectrum of crystal violet molecules adsorbed on the optimal CNT/Au@Ag NPs (8.4% Au and 8.6% Ag) can be distinguished as low as 10−14 M, achieving ultralow SERS detection. Besides electromagnetic enhancement originating from the Au@Ag core-shell, the strong electron-phonon coupling effect in CNTs is highlighted by the formation of more defects via doping bimetallic NPs, further improving SERS activity. Thus, this finding will offer a strategy for boosting SERS performance in widespread applications.
Pressure-induced structural phase transition and vacancy filling in titanium monoxide TiO up to 50 GPa
Authors: Ding Junfeng , Ye Tingting , Zhang Huichao , Yang Xue , Zeng Hong , Zhang Chuanguo , Wang Xianlong
Published: September 2019

Vacancy engineering can effectively modulate the optical and electronic properties of metal oxides. Here, we demonstrate that high-pressure could be a clean strategy to tune the vacancies in oxides with a high cationic vacancy content. By combining in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, and charge transport measurements in a diamond anvil cell, we systematically study the structure and electrical properties of TiO with ∼16% ordered vacancies up to 50.2 GPa at room temperature. The monoclinic TiO transforms to the cubic phase at ∼37.8 GPa. After decompression to ambient conditions, the cubic phase survives. The vacancies are partially filled and become disordered with a concentration of approximately 12.5%. The charge transport of TiO at high pressure exhibits a metal-insulator transition, which originates from the ordered to disordered transition of vacancies under pressure. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the vacancies enhance the mobility of atoms in the lattice under pressure and lead to the pressure-induced amorphization and recrystallization.
Suppression of single-surface multipactor discharges due to non-sinusoidal transverse electric field
Authors: Wen De-Qi , Iqbal Asif , Zhang Peng , Verboncoeur John P.
Published: September 2019

It is of importance to suppress single-surface multipactor discharges in high power microwave devices. In this work, both particle-in-cell (PIC) and Monte-Carlo simulations demonstrate that multipactor discharges can be significantly suppressed by a temporal Gaussian-type transverse electric field waveform. Decreasing the half peak width of the Gaussian electric field can reduce the time-averaged positive charge density on the surface, corresponding to the strength of the multipactor, by an order of magnitude at fixed time-averaged input power. The underlying physical mechanism is revealed by examining the electron impact energy and angle distribution in detail, as well as the dynamic secondary electron yield (SEY) from PIC simulation. For the smaller half peak width and fixed average input power, more electrons striking the surface have energies either below the first crossover or higher than the second crossover of the SEY curve, giving rise to weaker secondary electrons emission and finally resulting in a weaker multipactor discharge. In addition, we give the analytical expressions of the frequency spectrum and phase shift needed to recover a Gaussian-type waveform, which is in excellent agreement with numerical calculations.
New global potential energy surfaces of the ground 3A′ and 3A″ states of the O(3P) + H2 system
Authors: Zanchet Alexandre , Menéndez Marta , Jambrina Pablo G. , Aoiz F. Javier
Published: September 2019

This paper presents two new adiabatic, global potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the two lowest 3A′ and 3A″ electronic states of the O(3P) + H2 system. For each of these states, ab initio electronic energies were calculated for more than 5000 geometries using internally contracted multireference configuration interaction methods. The calculated points were then fitted using the ansatz by Aguado et al. [Comput. Phys. Commun. 108, 259 (1998)] leading to very accurate analytical potentials well adapted to perform reaction dynamics studies. Overall, the topographies of both PESs are in good agreement with the benchmark potentials of Rogers et al. [J. Phys. Chem. A 104, 2308 (2000)], but those presented in this work reproduce better the height and degeneracy of the two states at the saddle point. Moreover, the long range potential in the entrance channel does not require any cutoff. These features make the new PESs particularly suitable for a comparison of the dynamics on each of them. The new set of PESs was then used to perform quantum mechanics and quasiclassical trajectory calculations to determine differential and integral cross sections, which are compared to the experimental measurements by Garton et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 1585 (2003)].
Experiment and numerical analysis on temporal stability of a bitter-like HTS magnet excited by MPFM
Authors: Yuan Xi , Wang Yinshun , Wang Yueyin , Qiao Yukai , Kan Changtao , Pi Wei
Published: September 2019

A full high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet can operate in persistent current mode (PCM), which has promising application in high magnetic field. A laboratory scale Bitter-like HTS magnet stacked by REBaCuO (RE: rare earth element) annular plates was proposed and it can operate in PCM without current lead and joint resistance. This study focuses on the temporal stability of the magnetic field generated by the magnet, which was energized by the multi-pulsed field magnetization (MPFM) method composed of a solenoid coil and pulsed triangular waveform current source and tested at 77 K (LN2 bath). The characteristics of the magnetic field in the magnet with various pulsed current amplitudes, durations and reversal excitation experiments were systematically researched. Moreover, the numerical simulation of the magnet energized with the pulsed current amplitude 3A was performed and the attenuation of the magnetic field in the magnet was discussed and analyzed.
Superlubricity in rolling/sliding contacts
Authors: Mutyala Kalyan C. , Doll Gary L. , Wen Jianguo , Sumant Anirudha V.
Published: September 2019

Rolling element bearings and gears are critical components of mechanical systems such as wind turbines and automotive engines and transmissions that use oil-based lubricants. Oil-based lubricants used in these applications many times need periodic replacement, which not only adds more cost but also affects overall productivity. More importantly, the used oil generates hazardous waste creating huge environmental problems. In this study, we demonstrated that nanomaterials can be employed as solid lubricants in combination with diamond like carbon (DLC) films in a dry nitrogen environment under rolling/sliding contacts. Using a micropitting rig which is generally used to test and qualify materials and lubricants for bearings and gear systems for industrial applications, we have tested diamond like carbon (DLC) material pairs in an oil-free, dry nitrogen environment along with two-dimensional MoS2 combined with nanodiamond as a solid lubricant. We show that superlubricity (traction coefficient of friction is 0.003) was achieved through the formation of a carbon rich superlubricious tribolayer at the interface reducing the overall friction by a minimum of 20 times, and no surface damage was observed as compared to Steel-Steel contacts lubricated with oil (0.06–0.07). The current work paves the way for developing oil-free solid lubricants in a variety of applications involving rolling/sliding contacts.
A giant magneto-inductive sensor for measuring high rotational speed of brushed and brushless direct-current motors
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Bicong , Chen Yuyi , Luo Yufeng
Published: September 2019

There is a paucity of research on measurement of high rotational speed of direct-current motors using giant magneto-inductive sensors. In this work, measurements of high rotation-speed of brushed and brushless direct-current motors were realized by using a magneto-inductive sensing system. Successive square waves and sawtooth waves were observed when the rotation shafts of the motors pass by the giant magneto-inductive sensor. High rotational speed of 51000 r/min was accurately measured with a large distance of 9 cm between the giant magneto-inductive sensor and the rotation shafts, outputting a high voltage response of 5 V. The magneto-inductive sensing system displays a great potential application in ultrasensitive rotational speed measurements.
The mass-energy-information equivalence principle
Authors: Vopson Melvin M.
Published: September 2019

Landauer’s principle formulated in 1961 states that logical irreversibility implies physical irreversibility and demonstrated that information is physical. Here we formulate a new principle of mass-energy-information equivalence proposing that a bit of information is not just physical, as already demonstrated, but it has a finite and quantifiable mass while it stores information. In this framework, it is shown that the mass of a bit of information at room temperature (300K) is 3.19 × 10-38 Kg. To test the hypothesis we propose here an experiment, predicting that the mass of a data storage device would increase by a small amount when is full of digital information relative to its mass in erased state. For 1Tb device the estimated mass change is 2.5 × 10-25 Kg.
Molecular evidence of three species in the Pseudocaranx dentex complex (Carangidae) in Australian waters
Authors: Bearham Douglas , Robert Myrto , Chaplin Jennifer A. , Moore Glenn I. , Fairclough David V. , Bertram Andrea
Published: September 2019

The discovery and identification of species is fundamental to the documentation, conservation and management of biodiversity. The taxonomy of the antitropical Pseudocaranx dentex complex (Carangidae) is confused and inconsistently reported. Previous morphological analyses concluded that this complex consisted of three species, namely P. sp. ‘dentex’, P. georgianus and P. dinjerra, in Australian waters. This study used genetic (COI sequence) and morphological data to evaluate the validity of this conclusion. The COI data showed the presence of three discrete lineages within this complex, which appear to correspond to the above-mentioned three species. They also suggested that P. sp. ‘dentex’ is closely related to, and possibly the same species as, P. dentex from southern Africa and the Mediterranean Sea. Also, the extent of morphological and geographical overlap between P. georgianus and P. dinjerra was greater than previously documented which, uncorrected, could lead to identification errors and present challenges for monitoring and management of harvested stocks of these species. By answering important taxonomic questions, our results will facilitate the proper interpretation of the results of past studies and the design of future studies of the P. dentex complex. They have also highlighted the value of molecular data for identifying species in morphologically conservative taxa.
Planktivorous fish positively select Daphnia bearing advanced embryos
Authors: Zemanová Jana , Šorf Michal , Hejzlar Josef , Šorfová Vanda , Vrba Jaroslav
Published: September 2019

The top-down effect of fish predation on reproduction success of Daphnia females was investigated in an outdoor mesocosm experiment with natural (oligotrophic) food conditions. The planktivorous fish, sunbleak (Leucaspius delineatus, 4.9 individuals m–3) was introduced into a half of mesocosms after the first sampling of zooplankton to compare daphnid life-history traits with and without fish predators. Our results showed selective fish predation on the daphnid females with advanced developmental stages of embryos. The Daphnia populations exposed to fish exhibited a lower proportion of females with advanced embryos over those with earlier embryonal stages. Fish predators obviously were attracted to more visible females bearing larger embryos, with well-developed pigmented eyes. Simultaneously, we found a smaller daphnid body length in the mesocosms with fish than in those that were fishless. However, the daphnid clutch size did not reflect their body-length pattern and, surprisingly, decreased regardless of fish presence or absence since the first sampling day, probably owing to deterioration of food quality (mean seston carbon:phosphorus ratio ~238). Nevertheless, this selective elimination of the females with advanced embryos, together with the overall decrease in daphnid fitness, can strengthen the deceleration of its population growth under fish predation.
Weaponizing words
Authors: Abdelzaher Esra’ M. , Essam Bacem A.
Published: September 2019

This paper draws on Pratt’s (2009) description of the key linguistic
operations in war-making: exhortation, offense, deception and mediation. The study postulates that ISIS enacts the four operations
in the radicalization of Muslims in Arabic and Western countries. Using FrameNet, the four concepts are mapped to four frames:
Attempt_suasion, Cause_emotion, Intentional_deception and Translating. Frame-based analysis
of a comparable corpus representing bilingual publications of ISIS is carried out to explore these operations. Corpus tools
complemented the analysis with detecting contrastive rhetorical tactics and chronological changes ISIS imposes to radicalize
followers. Findings highlight the destructive effect of transliterated words in the English corpus and refer to the significance
of exhortation in the studied Arabic corpus.
The opportunities of epistemic pluralism for Cognitive Translation Studies
Authors: Marín García Álvaro
Published: September 2019

As the object of study of Cognitive Translation Studies (CTS) expands to encompass social and cultural aspects of multilingual communicative events, scholars face the challenge of combining research methods and analytical perspectives to investigate cognitive phenomena. While plurality has been so far considered transitory, eventually converging on a unified theory of translation, I propose to adopt a functional assessment framework for competing models in order to endorse epistemic pluralism. The development of cognitive translatology as an emergent tradition combining multifarious approaches presents a new epistemological landscape in which epistemic pluralism can be embraced, fostered and practiced for the benefit of producing new knowledge. Far from being a relativist stance defending that all systems of knowledge are equally useful or appropriate, pluralism entails an assessment framework, which I introduce, so that we can improve our empirical designs and streamline our theoretical frameworks.
Physics of rowing oars
Authors: Labbé Romain , Boucher Jean-Philippe , Clanet Christophe , Benzaquen Michael
Published: September 2019

In each rowing sport (rowing, kayaking, canoeing), the oars have their very own characteristics most of the time selected through a long time experience. Here we focus on rowing and address experimentally and theoretically the problem of rowing efficiency as function of oar lengths and blades sizes. In contrast with previous studies which consider imposed kinematics, we set an imposed force framework which is closer to human constraints. We find that optimal oar lengths and blades sizes depend on sports and athletes strength, and we provide an optimization scheme.
Recent progress on the prediction of two-dimensional materials using CALYPSO
Authors: Tang Cheng , Kour Gurpreet , Du Aijun
Published: September 2019

In recent years, structure design and predictions based on global optimization approach as implemented in CALYPSO software have gained great success in accelerating the discovery of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here we highlight some most recent research progress on the prediction of novel 2D structures, involving elements, metal-free and metal-containing compounds using CALYPSO package. Particular emphasis will be given to those 2D materials that exhibit unique electronic and magnetic properties with great potentials for applications in novel electronics, optoelectronics, magnetronics, spintronics, and photovoltaics. Finally, we also comment on the challenges and perspectives for future discovery of multi-functional 2D materials.
A Methodology for the Synthesis of E-Commerce
Authors: Amri Imti Tsalil , Yamalia Ikke , Rico  , Rohayani Hetty , Lestari Dewi
Published: September 2019

Recent advances in real-time communication and relational modalities offer a viable alternative to the producer-consumer problem. After years of theoretical research into the partition table, we show the refinement of the location-identity split, which embodies the robust principles of operating sys-tems. In order to fix this issue, we propose new scalable archetypes (Gunnel), demonstrating that multi-processors and multi-processors are never incompatible.
Philosophy of Fuzzy Logic as Fundamental of Decision Making Based On Rule
Authors: Marbun Murni , Ramdhan William , Priyanto Dadang , Zarlis Muhammad , Nasution Zulkifli
Published: September 2019

The logic of talking about rules of thought so that these rules can draw correct conclusions, but in reality in everyday life many things are found that cannot be stated that something is absolutely true or absolutely false. This study aims to explain that the philosophy of fuzzy logic is the basis for decision making based on IF-THEN rules. Related to the role of philosophy of science as the basis for the development of fuzzy logic, it cannot be separated from ontology, epistemology and axiology. The findings of this study are Ontology covering decision making and rules for decision making. Decision making is an election based on certain criteria for two or more possible alternatives while decision making rules are fuzzy rules in the form of IF-THEN. While epistemology of fuzzy logic is related to how the process to get output, how are the stages to take decisions. The process of getting output consists of fuzzification and inference. The output obtained by the Z ∗ value of 38541.67 and the rule-based fuzzy logic axiology in giving restaurant waiter tips is useful to be able to determine the total cash of tips that will be given to the restaurant waiter. The total cash of appropriate tips given based on service and food to the restaurant waiter is Rp.38.541.
Company attendance and access control system based on radio frequency identification
Authors: hamad Qusay shihab , Taha Ahmed Majid , AbdulRazzaq Atheer Akram
Published: September 2019

one of the popular things among succeeded companies is an automated system. The reasons behind using the automated system are to reduce human errors, work and to gain efficiency. The design focused on building an automated system for access control and attendance monitoring by the use of RFID technology. all the companies that still doing mural attendance will get a great help when it used the proposed system. this paper used RFID (tags, reader), microcontroller to collect data, ZigBee technology for transmitting and receiving data wirelessly, computer as a control station. the program at control station was written by using Visual C# and connect with database (DB) MSSQL server to store employees’ numbers (RFID tags) and used for attendance calculations. The initial results of the proposed system appear a high profit in time-saving and cost when compared with traditional systems. cost divided into two parts, firstly: a price of ZigBee device, secondly: security men
Mini Robot for Calibration of Stopwatch/Timer
Authors: Perangin-Angin W K , Agmal S , Boynawan M , Pawestri Y I , Ratnaningsih  , Hapiddin A , Azzumar M
Published: September 2019

Many industries use stopwatch/timer as instrument for measuring time in production process. To support the quality of product of industries, the stopwatch/timer should measure the time accurately. The accuracy of the stopwatch/timer can be known through calibration to a reference standard. Therefore, a stopwatch/timer should be calibrated first before used as instrument for measuring time. Research Center for Metrology (RCM) - LIPI as National Metrology Institute of Indonesia has responsibility to build measurement traceability in Indonesia, included measurement traceability for time. RCM - LIPI did calibration of stopwatch/timer manually. The operator responses in manual calibration that called as human reaction time contribute to inaccuracy of measurement result. Recently, an innovation for automation of calibration system of stopwatch/timer has been built to eliminate the human reaction time. The automation system has been designed and built using robotic arm and mini robot car. The aim of this system is to increase the efficiency and accuracy of stopwatch/timer calibration. The robotic arm is used to press the button of stopwatch/timer, and the mini robot car is used to press a reference standard universal counter The measurement result of time from the universal counter and stopwatch/timer are recorded automatically using a camera. The accuracy of the stopwatch/timer calibration has been increased by using the automation system. The system supports the improvement of the quality of industry products.