bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From universal literature classics to social sciences: mapping three intranslation projects in Mexico
Authors: Hernandez-Hernandez Tania Paola
Published: May 2020

O conceito de “intradução” foi cunhado em 1992 para se referir à importação de livros estrangeiros para uma língua nacional através da tradução. Desde então o conceito tem viajado e seu significado foi expandido para descrever outros aspectos da produção internacional, da circulação e recepção de textos, como os espaços material e simbólico, os capitais e as práticas envolvidas nesses processos. Com o objetivo de continuar investigando seu poder explanatório, eu discuto nesse artigo que a intradução foi um processo dominante nas políticas de tradução do México no século 20. Eu examino três projetos de intradução financiados e/ou implementados pelo governo mexicano. O artigo é dividido em duas seções principais. A primeira seção discorre sobre os conceitos de política de tradução, intradução e extradução. A segunda seção começa com uma visão geral da evolução do campo editorial mexicano. Esta é sucedida pela descrição de três projetos de tradução financiados pelo governo mexicano e pela análise da evolução dos papéis e valores atribuídos à tradução.
Traducir el Martín Fierro, una credencial cultural para Folco Testena
Authors: Iriarte Sara Jaquelina
Published: May 2020

En los intersticios entre literatura y vida, Folco Testena forja su autofiguración de traductor en la introducción al Martín Fierro que preparó para acompañar su primera versión al italiano de la obra de José Hernández. Su relato en primera persona revela lo íntimo a la vez que da cuenta de las coyunturas sociohistóricas que marcaron la labor intelectual desarrollada por los inmigrantes en la cosmopolita Buenos Aires de principios del siglo XX. Traducir el Martín Fierro se presenta, bajo la forma de una historia de autosuperación, como la oportunidad para obtener una credencial cultural en un medio de hostilidad al extranjero y de censura política. El objetivo del presente artículo es poner en circulación un texto de difícil acceso y contribuir a completar el cuadro de la historia de la traducción poniendo en foco a los sujetos sociales que la protagonizan.
Prospects for the Korean model of the surgical hospitalist system
Authors: Oh Seung Jong , Jung Eun-Joo
Published: May 2020

To meet the increasing social demand for improved patient safety and quality medical care in Korea, a pilot project of the hospitalist system in the field of internal medicine and surgery was initiated in 2016. Since the hospitalist system in the field of surgery in Korea should be based on the specific Korean medical environment, it is difficult to adopt a precedent model from other countries, and therefore a uniquely Korean operational model is necessary. Surgical hospitalists (surgeons working only within wards) in Korea are in charge of advanced primary care, perioperative care, and medical system care. Surgical hospitalists are able to care for older adult patients who have undergone a major operation to treat a highly severe condition. For inpatient care, the axis will need to shift from a trainee-centered structure to a surgical hospitalist-centered structure. This change will make possible the improvement of patient safety and quality medical care. The role of surgical hospitalists will extend not only to medical care, but also to education, academic activities, research, and related administrative aspects. To build a more stable and sustainable system, it is necessary to create a systemic operational foundation for proceeding with this new surgical hospitalist system.
Cause-of-death statistics in 2018 in the Republic of Korea
Authors:   Vital Statistics Division, Statistics Korea, Shin Hyun-Young , Kim Jin , Lee Seokmin , Park Min Sim , Park Sanghee , Huh Sun
Published: May 2020

This study aimed to present and analyze the causes of death in the Korean population in 2018 through an analysis of cause-of-death data from Statistics Korea, which are classified based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision and the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases and Causes of Death. The total number of deaths was 298,820, reflecting an increase of 13,286 (4.7%) from 2017. The crude death rate was 582.5 per 100,000 population, which was an increase of 25.1 (4.5%) from 2017. The 10 leading causes of death, in order, were malignant neoplasms, heart diseases, pneumonia, cerebrovascular diseases, intentional self-harm, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, chronic lower respiratory diseases, Alzheimer disease, and hypertensive diseases. Within the category of malignant neoplasms, the top five leading organs of involvement were the lung, liver, colon, stomach, and pancreas. Colon cancer was ranked as the third leading cause of death among malignant neoplasms. The most notable characteristics of the 2018 cause-of-death statistics were the ranking of pneumonia as the third leading cause of death, the inclusion of Alzheimer disease in the top 10 causes of death, and the exclusion of transport accidents from the 10 leading causes of death, which is a result that has not been seen since comparable statistics were first published in 1983. These changes reflect the increase of people over 65 years of age, who are vulnerable to infectious diseases.
Role of Daegu Medical Association in the infection control of the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Kim Dae-Hyun , Min Pok-Kee
Published: May 2020

In the mass outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic, the Daegu Medical Association managed to control and reduce the number of victims in Daegu successfully. More than 6,000 people were diagnosed in this city within a four-week period, and both medical system breakdown and increasing mortality were imminent. However, we minimized fatalities despite this explosive outbreak in a short time. The collaboration between the Daegu Medical Association and the local government may provide a reference model for overcoming regional outbreaks in the global pandemic era. We can prevent the shortage of medical resources by recruiting volunteer doctors and nurses early through public awareness campaigns. We can overcome the first massive outbreak using several new diagnostic and therapeutic systems such as the drive-through diagnosis system, telephonic counseling for self-quarantine patients by volunteer doctors, and therapeutic living centers. Both sharing the process of collaboration with the public system and summarizing the factors can provide useful information for building effective response systems to cope with the ongoing local outbreak of COVID-19 and any future epidemics of infectious diseases.
Learning about the vertical structure of radar reflectivity using hydrometeor classes and neural networks in the Swiss Alps
Authors: van den Heuvel Floor , Foresti Loris , Gabella Marco , Germann Urs , Berne Alexis
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The use of radar for precipitation measurement in mountainous regions is complicated by many factors, especially beam shielding by terrain features, which, for example, reduces the visibility of the shallow precipitation systems during the cold season. When extrapolating the radar measurements aloft for quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) at the ground, these must be corrected for the vertical change of the radar echo caused by the growth and transformation of precipitation. Building on the availability of polarimetric data and a hydrometeor classification algorithm, this work explores the potential of machine learning methods to study the vertical structure of precipitation in Switzerland and to propose a more localised vertical profile correction. It first establishes the ground work for the use of machine learning methods in this context: from volumetric data of 30 precipitation events, vertical cones with 500 m vertical resolution are extracted. It is shown that these cones can well represent the vertical structure of different types of precipitation events (stratiform, convective, snowfall). The reflectivity data and the hydrometeor proportions from the extracted cones constitute the input for the training of artificial neural networks (ANNs), which are used to predict the vertical change in reflectivity. Lower height levels are gradually removed in order to test the ANN's ability to extrapolate the radar measurements to the ground level. It is found that ANN models using the information on hydrometeor proportions can predict from altitudes between 500 and 1000 m higher than the ANN based on only reflectivity data. In comparison to more traditional vertical profile correction techniques, the ANNs show less prediction errors made from all height levels up to 4000 m a.s.l., above which the ANNs lose predictive skill and the performance levels off to a constant value.
Measurement of ammonia, amines and iodine compounds using protonated water cluster chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Pfeifer Joschka , Simon Mario , Heinritzi Martin , Piel Felix , Weitz Lena , Wang Dongyu , Granzin Manuel , Müller Tatjana , Bräkling Steffen , Kirkby Jasper , Curtius Joachim , Kürten Andreas
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Here we describe the design and performance of a new
water cluster chemical ionization–atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometer (CI-APi-TOF). The instrument selectively measures
trace gases with high proton affinity such as ammonia and dimethylamine,
which are important for atmospheric new particle formation and growth.
Following the instrument description and characterization, we demonstrate
successful measurements at the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets)
chamber where very low ammonia background levels of ∼4 pptv
were achieved (at 278 K and 80 % RH). The limit of detection of the water
cluster CI-APi-TOF is estimated to be ∼0.5 pptv for ammonia.
Although no direct calibration was performed for dimethylamine (DMA), we
estimate its detection limit is at least 3 times lower. Due to the short
ion–molecule reaction time and high reagent ion concentrations, ammonia
mixing ratios up to at least 10 ppbv can be measured with the instrument
without significant reagent ion depletion. Besides the possibility to
measure compounds like ammonia and amines (dimethylamine), we demonstrate
that the ionization scheme is also suitable for the measurement of trace
gases containing iodine. During CLOUD experiments to investigate the
formation of new particles from I2, many different iodine-containing
species were identified with the water cluster CI-APi-TOF. The compounds
included iodic acid and neutral molecular clusters containing up to
four iodine atoms. However, the molecular structures of the
iodine-containing clusters are ambiguous due to the presence of an unknown
number of water molecules. The quantification of iodic acid (HIO3)
mixing ratios is performed from an intercomparison with a nitrate
CI-APi-TOF. Using this method the detection limit for HIO3 can be
estimated as 0.007 pptv. In addition to presenting our measurements obtained
at the CLOUD chamber, we discuss the applicability of the water cluster
Ci-APi-TOF for atmospheric measurements.
Quantifying the contributions of riverine vs. oceanic nitrogen to hypoxia in the East China Sea
Authors: Große Fabian , Fennel Katja , Zhang Haiyan , Laurent Arnaud
Published: May 2020

Abstract. In the East China Sea, hypoxia (oxygen ≤ 62.5 mmol m−3) is frequently observed off the Changjiang (or Yangtze River) estuary covering up to about 15 000 km2. The Changjiang is a major contributor to hypoxia formation because it discharges large amounts of freshwater and nutrients into the region. However, modeling and observational studies have suggested that intrusions of nutrient-rich oceanic water from the Kuroshio Current also contribute to hypoxia formation. The relative contributions of riverine vs. oceanic nutrient sources to hypoxia have not been estimated before. Here, we combine a three-dimensional physical-biogeochemical model with an element-tracing method to quantify the relative contributions of nitrogen from different riverine and oceanic sources to hypoxia formation during 2008–2013. Our results suggest that the hypoxic region north of 30∘ N is dominated by Changjiang inputs, with its nitrogen loads supporting 74 % of oxygen consumption. South of 30∘ N, oceanic nitrogen sources become more important, supporting 39 % of oxygen consumption during the hypoxic season, but the Changjiang remains the main control on hypoxia formation also in this region. Model scenarios with reduced Changjiang nitrogen loads and reduced open-ocean oxygen levels suggest that nitrogen load reductions can significantly reduce hypoxia in the East China Sea and counteract a potential future decline in oxygen supply from the open ocean into the region.
Development of a sequential tool, LMDZ-NEMO-med-V1, to conduct global-to-regional past climate simulation for the Mediterranean basin: an Early Holocene case study
Authors: Vadsaria Tristan , Li Laurent , Ramstein Gilles , Dutay Jean-Claude
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Recently, major progress has been made in the simulation of the ocean
dynamics of the Mediterranean using atmospheric and oceanic models with
high spatial resolution. High resolution is essential to accurately capture the
synoptic variability required to initiate intermediate- and deep-water
formation, the engine of the Mediterranean thermohaline circulation (MTC).
In paleoclimate studies, one major problem with the simulation of regional
climate changes is that boundary conditions are not available from
observations or data reconstruction to drive high-resolution regional
models. One consistent way to advance paleoclimate modelling is to use a
comprehensive global-to-regional approach. However, this approach needs
long-term integration to reach equilibrium (hundreds of years), implying
enormous computational resources. To tackle this issue, a sequential
architecture of a global–regional modelling platform has been developed for
the first time and is described in detail in this paper. First of all, the
platform is validated for the historical period. It is then used to
investigate the climate and in particular, the oceanic circulation, during
the Early Holocene. This period was characterised by a large reorganisation
of the MTC that strongly affected oxygen supply to the intermediate and deep
waters, which ultimately led to an anoxic crisis (called sapropel). Beyond
the case study shown here, this platform may be applied to a large number of
paleoclimate contexts from the Quaternary to the Pliocene, as long as
regional tectonics remain mostly unchanged. For example, the climate
responses of the Mediterranean basin during the last interglacial period (LIG), the
Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the Late Pliocene all present interesting
scientific challenges which may be addressed using this numerical platform.
A Positive Attitude to Negate a False Positive Test Result: An Intern’s Experience with COVID-19
Authors: N. Youmbi Vanessa
Published: May 2020

I recount my experience as an intern in the Democratic Republic of Congo during the COVID-19 pandemic. I received a patient who was presumed to have COVID and was isolated. The first test result was a false positive, so I was discharged. Although I was not infected by COVID-19, I was adversely affected by it. The anxiety of waiting for test results and isolation are both mentally challenging. Also, COVID-related stigmatization is a serious complication of the disease. Targeted psychological interventions should prevent all three.
Civil Servant Borrowing Practices: A Determinant of Poverty in Zimbabwe
Authors: Zhongming Tan , Mangudhla Tinashe , Mbona Reginald Masimba
Published: May 2020

In assessing microfinance institutions (MFIs) and civil servants' perspectives on borrowing in Zimbabwe, we examine the purpose and rationale of MFIs establishments. Thus, in an attempt to understand the reason behind high borrowing, we also considered loan terms, the nature of loans issued, and the uses of MFIs borrowed funds among households. Driven by the exploratory approach, qualitative research involving semi-structured interviews and observation methods were applied in this study. Using, the purpose of the loan, pricing of loans, repayment terms, and loan terms, interview questions were designed and conducted. Our results show that MFIs loans are: short term loans, income (salary) based; and, these loans are mainly for immediate household consumption needs not an investment. This study also indicates that loan application requirements are more favorable for employed households, especially public sector employees. Even though civil servants have a better advantage in accessing MFIs loans, in the long run, they are likely to remain in poverty; since their purpose of borrowing is geared towards family expenses. Also, MFIs prevailing interest rates (high), evidenced with shorter repayment periods, reflect their failure to pull borrowers out of poverty; however, creating an interdependence syndrome of continuous borrowing. Since we focused on lending practices of households, our results serve as a basis of a joint policy formulation in combating poverty. Thus, understanding poverty through the borrowing of employed citizens aids in grasping the interconnectedness of sectors; which, is an essential tool for sustainable development and strategic planning.
Rhotic underspecification: Deriving variability and arbitrariness through phonological representations
Authors: Natvig David
Published: May 2020

Rhotics show considerable surface variation, which has precluded classification based on cohesive articulatory or acoustic properties. Yet they tend to display consistent patterns of behavior in relation to other phonemes within the phonological system. In this article, I argue that this apparently conflicting behavior among r-sounds is a direct result of the lack of positive content in their phonological representations. That is, the basic phonological structure of a rhotic is an unspecified consonant sonorant, which I define based on their underspecified contrastive oppositions to other phonemic categories. This proposal captures the seemingly arbitrary relationship between the phonetics and phonology present among r-sounds and accounts for why corresponding degrees of divergent surface forms are not attested for other phonological categories.
Desarrollo humano sostenible, transculturación y restitución de derechos humanos en Villa Guadalupe del departamento de Managua (Período 2015 - 2017).
Authors: Porras Lozano Francisco José
Published: May 2020

Esta investigación sobre el desarrollo humano sostenible y transformación cultural a través los derechos restituidos en Villa Guadalupe, tiene como finalidad analizar los procesos de transformación de la vida sociocultural, económica, educativa, medioambiental entre otros aspectos no menos importantes. Se utilizó un enfoque mixtó de investigación, con la aplicación de metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa. Se procedió a la realización de entrevistas y observaciones, así como la aplicación de encuestas in situ. En cuanto a los principales resultados encontrados, se explica que a pesar de que las condiciones de vida han mejorado en el plano material, en el contexto cultural y psicosocial se tiene mucho que mejorar, porque los patrones anteriores de vida están en cierto modo institucionalizados.Se plantea como conclusión que el desarrollo humano sostenible se logra no solamente mejorando la dimensión cultural y provocando un cambio en la cosmovisión, sino también, promoviendo proyectos de impacto social que beneficien el desarrollo socioeconómico de la comunidad.
Perfil de personalidad en consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas.
Authors: Gutiérrez José Luis , Hernández López Eveling , Membreño Allison
Published: May 2020

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue comparar el perfil de personalidad de usuarios de centros de rehabilitación en adicciones de Managua (Grupo A) y estudiantes de Psicología de la UNAN-Managua (Grupo B). Se identificó la sustancia de impacto, los niveles de riesgo y se describieron los perfiles por cada sustancia de impacto de los usuarios. La investigación fue de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, corte transversal y alcance descriptivo-comparativo. Se evaluaron un total de 82 personas, 41 casos del Grupo A y 41 casos del Grupo B. Se aplicó “La prueba de detección de alcohol, tabaco y otras sustancias ASSIST-3” y el “Inventario Multifásico de la Personalidad de Minnesota MMPI-2”. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizó el programa IBM SPSSv.22. y para el análisis, estadística descriptiva-comparativa. Se concluyó que existe diferencia significativa entre el perfil de personas del Grupo A y el Grupo B; los usuarios presentaron puntaciones superiores al promedio en las escalas: incoherencia (F), desviación psicopática (Pd), paranoia (Pa), hipomanía (Ma) y esquizofrenia (Es), en contraste con el perfil de estudiantes el cual se ubica dentro de la media, se considera normal y esperable.
Predictors of Insurance Claim Rejection in Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery
Authors: Matson Andrew P. , Earp Brandon E. , Benavent Kyra A. , Geresy Katarina M. , Collins Jamie E. , Blazar Philip E.
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

Insurance claim rejections represent a challenge for healthcare providers because of the potential for lost revenue and administrative costs of reworking claims.

Methods:

The billing records of five hand and upper extremity surgeons at a tertiary academic center were queried for all patient billing activity over a 1-year period yielding a total of 14,421 unique patient encounters.

Results:

A total of 11,839 unique patient encounters were included, and the overall claim rejection rate was 19.3%. Claim rejection rate varied significantly by payer (P < 0.0001) and was lowest in private insurance (14.0%) and highest in Medicare (31.2%). The use of multiple Current Procedure Terminology codes for an encounter was independently associated with an increased risk of claim rejection for both office (25.6%, relative risk [RR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03 to 1.49, P = 0.0032) and surgical (25.6%, RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.18, P = 0.0002) settings. After multivariate regression adjustment, modifier 25 was associated with a decreased risk of claim rejection (23.3%, RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.85, P < 0.0001).

Discussion:

Insurance claim rejection occurs frequently (19.3%) in hand/upper extremity surgery and varies by insurance type, with the highest rejection rate occurring in Medicare (31.2%). For a given encounter, the use of multiple Current Procedure Terminology codes and specific modifiers are predictive of rejection risk.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, prognostic
Preoperative Carbohydrate Drinks Do Not Decrease Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty—A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shin Seokyung , Choi Yong Seon , Shin Hyejung , Yang Ick Hwan , Park Kwan Kyu , Kwon Hyuck Min , Kang Byunghag , Kim So Yeon
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

We evaluated whether preoperative carbohydrate drink would be able to decrease postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and improve the quality of recovery (QoR) in diabetic patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods:

Eighty-two patients were randomized to either the intravenous (IV) Dextrose group (n = 41) or Oral carbohydrate (CHO) group (n = 41). The IV Dextrose group received dextrose solution mixed with insulin while fasting, and the Oral CHO group received carbohydrate drinks preoperatively. PONV was assessed up to postoperative 36 hours, and QoR was assessed before surgery and on postoperative day (POD) 1. Blood glucose was measured from the morning of surgery until POD 1.

Results:

PONV scores were not different between the groups. Postoperative QoR scores were significantly higher in the Oral CHO group (median [interquartile range]; 160 [153 to 167]) than the IV Dextrose group (155 [147 to 159]) (P = 0.009), but the difference did not meet the minimal clinically important difference. Blood glucose was comparable between the groups.

Discussion:

Preoperative CHO drink did not reduce PONV in diabetic patients after total knee arthroplasty. A statistically significant but clinically questionable improvement in the QoR was seen in the Oral CHO group. However, preoperative CHO drink did not increase hyperglycemia, which suggests that it may be a safe component of perioperative care in diabetic patients.
Patient Outcomes After Transolecranon Fracture-Dislocation
Authors: Haller Justin M. , Hulet D. Andrew , Hannay William , Cardon Jeffrey , Tashjian Robert , Beingessner Daphne
Published: May 2020

Introduction:

There are few small case series that discuss patient outcomes after a transolecranon fracture-dislocation, and they suggest that patients have reasonable function after injury. The purpose of this study was to describe the injury pattern and clinical outcomes of transolecranon fracture-dislocations.

Methods:

After Institutional Review Board approval, transolecranon fracture-dislocations treated at two academic level 1 trauma centers between 2005 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Fracture characteristics and postsurgical complications were recorded. Radiographs were reviewed for arthrosis, and Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) scores were obtained at a minimum of 12 months after injury.

Results:

Thirty-five patients with a mean follow-up of 28 months (range, 12 to 117 months) were included. Nine patients had associated radial head fracture, 23 patients had associated coronoid fracture, four patients had ligamentous injury, and two patients had capitellum fracture. Four patients (11%) developed infection and required irrigation and débridement with intravenous antibiotics. Thirteen patients (13 of 35, 37%) developed radiographic arthrosis with most (11 of 13) having grade 2 or three changes. Patients who had associated radial head fracture, coronoid fracture, capitellum fracture, and/or ligamentous injury had significant arthrosis (10 of 24, 42%) more commonly than patients with olecranon fracture alone (1 of 11, 9%) (P = 0.05). Twenty-eight patients completed patient outcomes instrument and achieved a mean QuickDASH score of 9 (range, 0 to 59). Patients with isolated transolecranon fracture had a significantly better QuickDASH score (0.93, 0 to 4) than patients with transolecranon fracture variant with associated coronoid fracture, radial head fracture, distal humeral fracture, or ligamentous injury (11.74, 0 to 59) (P = 0.04).

Discussion:

Patients with transolecranon fracture-dislocation had excellent return to function based on the QuickDASH outcome assessment. Patients with transolecranon fracture with associated radial head fracture, coronoid fracture, humeral condyle fracture, and/or ligamentous injury tend to have worse functional outcome than patients with simple transolecranon fracture.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV-case series
Educação em saúde no aconselhamento contraceptivo para esterilização cirúrgica
Authors: Franco Éder José , Sorgi Camila Marino , Callegari Fernanda Vieira Rodovalho , Carbol Maristela
Published: May 2020

Introdução: O planejamento reprodutivo deve levar em conta as condições de vidas das pessoas e garantir que possam decidir sobre sua reprodução de forma livre e esclarecida. Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade de educação em saúde no processo de aconselhamento contraceptivo para esterilização cirúrgica. Metódos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo, tipo inquérito. A pesquisa ocorreu no Centro Municipal de Especialidades Médicas da cidade de São Carlos, estado de São Paulo, com a participação dos usuários da atenção básica que manifestaram desejo pela esterilização cirúrgica e compareceram na atividade de educação em saúde, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2016. A coleta de dados foi por meio de questionário estruturado aplicado pelos pesquisadores ao término das atividades de educação em saúde. As respostas das questões foram armazenadas no programa Microsoft Excel 2010 para calcular frequências absolutas, relativas e médias. A análise dos dados quantitativos permitiu a interpretação descritiva das informações. Resultados: Foram realizadas seis atividades de educação em saúde com participação de 45 indivíduos, 26 mulheres (58%) e 19 homens (42%). A idade média das mulheres e dos homens foi 31,4 e 37,5 anos, respectivamente. A maioria tinha dois filhos vivos com o atual parceiro. Os motivos alegados para esterilização cirúrgica foram número suficiente de filhos, questões financeiras desfavoráveis e problemas de saúde da mulher. As dúvidas sobre métodos contraceptivos e procedimentos cirúrgicos foram problematizadas durante educação em saúde e nenhuma nova dúvida surgiu quando os participantes foram entrevistados. Após a educação em saúde, dois casais mostraram-se interessados pela mudança da laqueadura tubária para vasectomia. Chamou à atenção de duas mulheres o dispositivo intrauterino e o contraceptivo hormonal transdérmico, mas mantiveram a escolha pelo método definitivo. Conclusão: As atividades de educação em saúde permitiram aos usuários esclarecimentos de dúvidas sobre a esterilização cirúrgica e reflexão sobre a possibilidade de mudanças para outros métodos contraceptivos.
Reference Values and Predictive Equations for Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Thai Adults
Authors: Pornsuriyasak Prapaporn , Ngaojaruwong Kitipong , Saovieng Suchada , Patumanond Jayanton , Kruthkul Khanat , Chaunchaiyakul Rungchai
Published: May 2020

Background: A series of racial specific predictive equations for exercise parameters are needed to determine a lack of cardiopulmonary fitness or having an exercise limitation on cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Objectives: The study aimed to develop a new set of predictive equations of CPET parameters during maximal cycling exercise for Thai adults. Methods: A sample of 580 Thai adults whom could pass screening tests were asked to fill a health questionnaire and the Global Physical Activity questionnaire. Participants with history of symptomatic heart and pulmonary diseases, current smokers, history of smoking ≥ 10 pack-years, and abnormal spirometry were excluded. The CPET was performed using a cycle ergometer with an incremental symptom-limited protocol. Values of CPET parameters at the peak exercise (oxygen uptake [V̇O2], work rate, heart rate, oxygen pulse, and minute ventilation), lactic acidosis threshold, and ventilatory equivalents for oxygen and carbon dioxide were documented. Analyses were stratified using age and gender criterion. Predictive equations for CPET parameters were established using multivariable linear regression with age (A), weight (W), height (H), and physical activity level (Act) as independent variables. Results: A total of 493 participants (208 men and 285 women) were analysed. The predictive equation of V̇O2peak (L.min-1) for males was: -2.268 + (0.037 × A) - (0.0005 × A2) + (0.016 × W) + (0.014 × H) + (0.104 × Act), (R2 = 0.41, SEE = 0.392), and for females, it was: -0.34 + (0.009 × A) - (0.0002 × A2) + (0.012 × W) + (0.005 × H) + (0.058 × Act), (R2 = 0.44, SEE = 0.220). Conclusions: This is the first study that constructed the predictive equations for cycling CPET parameters in Thai adults. These equations are useful to evaluate the cardiopulmonary health of the Thai population and may be generalized to other populations with geographical or ethnic proximity to the Thai people.
In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Rate of Mice with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in the Presence of α-Linolenic Acid Antioxidant
Authors: Moradi Amaneh , Ghasemian Fatemeh , Mashayekhi Farhad
Published: May 2020

Background: One of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders is Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which has been reported in about 10% of women during the reproductive age. Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the efficiency of α-Linolenic acid (ALA) on in vitro maturation (IVM) and the quality of mouse oocytes with PCOS. Methods: Female NMRI mice (30 - 35 day-old) were developed by the injection of 4 mg estradiol valerate dissolved in 0.2 mg sesame oil for 60 consecutive days. In the following, the PCOS ovaries were dissected and oocytes were cultured in the maturation medium supplemented with different dosages of α-linolenic acid (0, 50, 100 µM). The presence of the first polar body was considered the sign of the nuclear maturation of the oocyte. The expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) gene in mature oocytes was investigated by Quantitative Real-time PCR. Results: The in vitro maturation and TFAM gene expression rates of PCOS oocytes in the medium treated with 50 µM of ALA (84 ± 7.9 and 0.46 ± 0.09, respectively) were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The ALA could improve the IVM rate and quality of PCOS oocytes by higher expression of TFAM gene.
The economic tendencies, capital and inequalities
Authors: Bracanović Slobodan
Published: May 2020

Inequalities in: capital, property, income; the regulations are contemporary and global society. The rate income on capital surpasses rate the economic growth. Implement is enormous concentration of capital. Large is number a rich mans and extreme wealthy. On other side enormous majority is smaller the well-off and poor. Increase and the layer global plutocrats. Project is decelerate dynamics growth. The future is foggy uncertainty, as and full risky. Target of the work is perceive growth sociable a inequalities as the urgent contemporary the problem. Apply is various the methodology (historical, deductive-inductive, structural, comparative, statistical and other analysis). The problem it is concentration of capital and possibility reduce the social divide. Similarly swear, the problem is it and long-term the decelerate dynamics of the economic growth. Conclude is that beneficial influence powers of the convergence and (or) of the divergence, as and mixed of the efficiencies whose a resultant to be able in the direction reduce a global inequalities. Development individually a regions to be able and to dynamism of the economic growth. Philosophical and economic, rate the return of capital surpass the rate economic growth (p>g). This the trend anticipate is and in 21. century. "the first basic law of capitalism": a participation income of capital in national income (a) increase is rate the return (r) on capital and relation capital and income (b) that is a = r x b. "Other basic law of capitalism": relation capital and income (b) quotient is rate of saving (s) and rate growth of national income (g) that is b = s/g. "Law cumulative growth": rather small annual rate the return in long a deadline cause powerful growth, initial, of capital. "Law behavior": money and profit are motor activities! Richest the layer make one percentage of people (1%) on highest top of pyramid! Plutocracy create of the world politics.
Elaboración y resignificación del álbum familiar a través del proyecto de creación en el duelo.
Authors: Morcate Casera Montse
Published: May 2020

La fotografía doméstica, con el álbum como símbolo del legado de la memoria familiar, ha constituido el reflejo de la construcción identitaria y del deseo por configurar una memoria visual en la que proyectar una visión idealizada de la familia. Sin embargo, en otros periodos, las imágenes que reflejaban la muerte, el dolor o la pérdida del entorno fueron aceptadas como parte importante de la memoria familiar. A pesar de que en la actualidad este ámbito de representación se está volviendo a hacer visible, especialmente en el terreno online, es a través del proyecto de creación como numerosos artistas hablan del duelo, la enfermedad o la muerte, visibilizándolos y normalizándolos. En este sentido, el artículo plantea como objeto de estudio dos posibles aproximaciones de este tipo de obras en los que se distingue la documentación de unnuevo episodio de la historia familiar frente a la deconstrucción y/o resignificado del propio archivo familiar. Este examen se complementa con el análisis de diversos proyectos de creación de la autora en los que se explora la memoria y la pérdida a través de la autorrepresentación y la transformación del álbum y la imagen familiar, tanto desde la teoría como en la práctica artística.

Domestic photography, with the album as the symbol of the legacy of family memory, has been a reflection of the identity construction and the desire to configure a visual memory in which to project an idealized vision of the family. However, in other periods, images that reflected personal pain, loss or death were accepted as an important part of family memory. Although this field of representation is now becoming visible, especially in the online ground, it is through the art project that many artists talk about grief, disease or death, making these issues visible and normalizing them. In this sense, the object of study here proposed is to analyze two possible approaches in which one documents a new chapter of the family album whereas the second deconstructs and/or resignifies the actual family archive. Along with this proposal various projects by the author are presented in which memory and loss are explored through self-representation and the transformation of the album and the family image, both from theory and artistic practice.
Material sensible. Un proyecto de fotografía participativa que muestra la experiencia de personas que han sufrido abusos sexuales en la infancia.
Authors: Plans Farrero Mireia
Published: May 2020

Material sensible es un proyecto de fotografía participativa con personas que han sufrido abusos sexuales en la infancia y que están recibiendo apoyo terapéutico. El proyecto está basado en la metodología Punt de Vista que utiliza la fotografía como herramienta de transformación personal e inclusión social, dirigida a colectivos y personas en riesgo de vulnerabilidad social, poco visibles en discursos hegemónicos. A través del acompañamiento y la inmersión en un proceso creativo que utiliza la intimidad como fuente de referencia, se articulan relaciones entre imagen, memoria, identidad, cotidianidad y representación. Cada participante recupera emociones y fragmentos de su historia personal -a menudo silenciada- reconstruyendo una narración visual propia. El proyecto finaliza con una exposición colectiva fruto del proceso de creación de cada participante, que ayuda a reforzar la identidad, generar nuevos relatos y concienciar a la sociedad sobre un tema tabú como es el abuso sexual infantil.

Material sensible is a participatory photography project with people who have been sexually abused in their childhood and receive therapeutic support. The project is based on the Punt de Vista methodology, using photography as a tool for personal transformation and social inclusion, aimed at groups and people at risk of social vulnerability, which are not visible in predominant discourses. Through accompaniment and immersion in a creative process that uses intimacy as a reference, it connects image, memory, identity, everyday life and representation. Each participant recovers emotions and fragments of their personal history - often silenced - by reconstructing their own visual narrative. The project ends with a collective exhibition resulting from the creative process of each participant, which helps to strengthen the identity, generate new stories and raise awareness.of an unspoken subject such as child sexual abuse.
The Poetics of Heritage: an inquiry into disaster.
Authors: Haley David
Published: May 2020

This paper argues that heritage is what contemporary culture makes of history and that this may distort our ability to face future realities. Funded by the UK Heritage Lottery Fund, the VIEWPOINT ecological arts project at the confluence of two rivers in Cockermouth, Northwest England, questioned the deployment of art and heritage as a means of community recovery from the 2009 and 2015 flood disasters. As the climate crisis accelerates and the psychosocial emergency increases, this project reassigned a Wordsworth poem and repurposed twelve large rocks to celebrate the potential for communities to live with their rivers in the future and defy their tendency towards nostalgia and memorialization.However, the situation was exacerbated when the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation World Heritage awarded cultural heritage status on The Lake District National Park, affixing the environmental management of the area to Beatrix Potter’s romanticized notion of sheep farming; thereby ensuring perpetual landscape deforestation and future flooding.
Scenographing Resistance
Authors: Von Rosen Astrid
Published: May 2020

In 1942 Vilhelm Moberg’s (1898–1973) highly successful historical novel Ride This Night! (1941) was adapted for the theatre and premiered at several Swedish theatres as well as being distributed as a film. While Sweden maintained what was termed a neutral position during World War II, Moberg’s novel, together with its various performances, facilitated a mood of resistance against Nazism. In recognition of this, the focus of my article is the much-celebrated first performance of Ride This Night at the City Theatre (Stadsteatern) in Gothenburg on 14 October 1942. To explore this performance as theatrical memory of World War II, I draw on recent scenography theory emphasizing the holistic role of material and affective relations between bodies, objects and environments. By doing so, the article contributes an historical case study to the international field of critical scenography, and challenges the ways in which previous Swedish art and theatre historiography has theoretically understood and explored the powers of scenographic traits of past performance.
¿Dónde están las 'She-Os'? Una visión integradora de los factores determinantes en la vida personal y profesional
Authors: Cugueró-Escofet Natàlia , Suau-Sanchez Pere
Published: May 2020

La diversidad de género en cargos de alta dirección es un problema crítico en muchos sectores económicos, ya que impide que la totalidad del talento esté a disposición de las organizaciones. Las mujeres se han incorporado progresivamente en todos los ámbitos profesionales. De hecho, este proceso se ha producido de manera gradual y, actualmente, muchas mujeres ya ocupan cargos que tradicionalmente habían sido ocupados solo por hombres. En paralelo, los sistemas legales también han evolucionado hacia el pleno reconocimiento de los derechos laborales de las mujeres para crear sistemas que avancen hacia la inclusión y la promoción de la igualdad efectiva. Aun así, las mujeres siguen estando infrarrepresentadas en los cargos de poder y decisión de las organizaciones. Una gran variedad de aproximaciones teóricas, desde la teoría de las organizaciones, sociológicas, psicológicas y económicas, se ha encargado de explicar las potenciales causas y las posibles soluciones para revertir esta tendencia. Consideramos que, para avanzar, necesitamos un marco teórico que integre estas perspectivas para conseguir: 1) entender la totalidad del ciclo personal, académico y profesional; 2) mostrar cuáles son los factores clave determinantes a lo largo de este ciclo, y 3) estudiar en profundidad la importancia relativa de cada determinante y sus interacciones desde la perspectiva de la mujer, otros decisores y el contexto. Esta perspectiva teórica permite abordar el problema, complejo y multicausal, de una manera más completa y con una orientación práctica.
La (des)igualdad de género en las organizaciones: avances y estancamientos en España
Authors: González Susana , Mateos Ruth
Published: May 2020

En el presente trabajo se analizan los avances en materia de igualdad de género que han contribuido a que España se sitúe entre los 10 primeros países en la última edición del Gender Gap Report del Foro Económico Mundial. Gran parte de dicho avance se debe a la mejoría en la representación política de las mujeres en posiciones ministeriales y en el parlamento. No obstante, la participación económica de las mujeres en España muestra amplios espacios de mejora, especialmente en lo relacionado con la representación en puestos de liderazgo empresarial y con una preocupante infrarrepresentación en las profesiones emergentes fruto de la transformación digital. Para finalizar, el trabajo ofrece una serie de recomendaciones para mejorar el empoderamiento económico de las mujeres a la hora de acceder a posiciones de alta responsabilidad empresarial, así como para prevenir y mejorar en el futuro la brecha económica relacionada con su infrarrepresentación en profesiones relacionadas con la ciencia, la investigación y la tecnología.
Problems of investigation of crimes committed via cloud storages on the Internet
Authors: Kuzmin Mikhail
Published: May 2020

The article considers the main problems connected with searching for digital traces on the Internet, particularly in cloud storages. The author describes such problems as physical distribution of the data, its cross-border character, and legal competence during the investigation. The author also analyzes the issues of interaction with providers and administrators of cloud storages which have a significant impact on the investigation process. The article contains the list of predominant means of acquiring and studying the information from cloud storages. The key research method is the dialectical method of analyzing the processes of the digital environment which is connected with the operation and internal organization of the Internet. The author also uses the comparative-legal and the formal-logical methods. The author defines the disunity and complexity level of transnational interaction between law-enforcement authorities of different countries and describes the modern ways of searching for and analyzing the information in cloud storages related to the act under investigation, and the possibilities of automation of investigation activities.   
Peculiarities of tactical training of internal affairs officers
Authors: Sysoev Aleksei Aleksandrovich , Karimov Al'bert Amirovich
Published: May 2020

The authors consider the peculiarities of professional education of internal affairs officers. The subject of research is the analysis and selection of tactical training techniques. At present, there’s a problem of incomplete knowledge and practical skills in the field of tactical actions of police units in special circumstances. One of the promising ways to solve this problem is to use the techniques giving the opportunity to optimize staff training in order to form competencies helping to accomplish operative tasks. The authors use the method of generalization of pedagogical experience, as well as the methods of deduction and induction.  The scientific novelty of the study consists in the use of the proposed technique as a complex of methods and forms of staff training for actions in emergency situations. Such a technique helps develop skills and correct the contents of educational goals and tasks in accordance with new challenges and threats, and is supposed to be one of the most promising directions in raising the effectiveness of professional training of internal affairs officers.   
Acetylcholine acts on songbird premotor circuitry to invigorate vocal output
Authors: Jaffe Paul I , Brainard Michael S
Published: May 2020

Acetylcholine is well-understood to enhance cortical sensory responses and perceptual sensitivity in aroused or attentive states. Yet little is known about cholinergic influences on motor cortical regions. Here we use the quantifiable nature of birdsong to investigate how acetylcholine modulates the cortical (pallial) premotor nucleus HVC and shapes vocal output. We found that dialyzing the cholinergic agonist carbachol into HVC increased the pitch, amplitude, tempo and stereotypy of song, similar to the natural invigoration of song that occurs when males direct their songs to females. These carbachol-induced effects were associated with increased neural activity in HVC and occurred independently of basal ganglia circuitry. Moreover, we discovered that the normal invigoration of female-directed song was also accompanied by increased HVC activity and was attenuated by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. These results indicate that, analogous to its influence on sensory systems, acetylcholine can act directly on cortical premotor circuitry to adaptively shape behavior.