bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIR22HG Aggravates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation-Induced Cardiomyocyte Injury through the miR-9-3p/SH2B3 Axis
Authors: Ge Yi , Liu Lishi , Luo Liang , Fang Yu , Ni Tong
Published: May 2022

Reperfusion therapy, the standard treatment for acute myocardial infarction (MI), can trigger necrotic death of cardiomyocytes and provoke ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, molecular mechanisms that regulate cardiomyocyte death remain largely unknown. The abnormal expression of lncRNA MIR22HG has been found in types of diseases. The current study was aimed at exploring the function and mechanism of MIR22HG in I/R injury. In this study, mouse myocardial cells (HL-1) treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) were used as the in vitro models, and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) animal models in vivo were established in male C57BL/6 mice. Experiments including CCK-8, flow cytometry, TUNEL, HE staining, RT-qPCR, western blotting, and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore the function and potential mechanism of MIR22HG in MIRI in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the binding site between miR-9-3p and MIR22HG (or SH2B3). Our results indicated that the MIR22HG level was upregulated in cardiomyocytes after OGD/R treatment. The knockdown of MIR22HG promoted cell viability and inhibited apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) production in OGD/R-treated HL-1 cells. In mechanism, MIR22HG binds to miR-9-3p, and miR-9-3p targets the SH2B3 3

′

untranslated region (UTR). Moreover, SH2B3 expression was positively regulated by MIR22HG but negatively modulated by miR-9-3p. Rescue assays suggested that the suppressive effect of MIR22HG knockdown on cell viability, apoptosis, and ECM accumulation was reversed by the overexpression of SH2B3. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that MIR22HG knockdown alleviated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduced myocardial infarct size in MIRI mice. In summary, MIR22HG knockdown alleviates myocardial injury through the miR-9-3p/SH2B3 axis.
Parking Guidance System Based on Geomagnetic Sensors and Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Ren Chengjuan , Lee Sukhoon , Jeong Dongwon , Chen Haotian , Xiao Yan
Published: May 2022

The increase of motor vehicles year by year has led to a number of parking difficulties and traffic congestion problems. The intelligent parking system can effectively alleviate the parking difficulties and has received wide attention. Geomagnetic sensors are widely used due to their low cost and easy deployment. However, traditional geomagnetic parking detection algorithms cannot cope with complex parking behaviors and have low vehicle detection performance. Therefore, in this paper, a new parking guidance system is proposed by integrating related technologies such as ZigBee, geomagnetic sensor, and RNN. With our limited knowledge, in the research branch of the parking guidance system, RNN is applied to geomagnetic vehicle detection for the first time to detect the status of parking spaces and obtain more accurate identification results of geomagnetic signals. The training data is obtained from real scenarios. It is experimentally demonstrated that our method receives 96.6% accuracy in the detection of vehicle status, which is 9% higher than the state-of-the-art method. Finally, a robust parking guidance system gets 97% accuracy.
Povidone Iodine 0.66% to Fight Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Contact Lens Wearer: A Case Report
Authors: Castelnuovo Stefano
Published: May 2022

Contact lens use is often associated with corneal infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common cause of contact lens-associated infections. Its treatment is often challenging due to the ability of this opportunistic bacteria to be resistant to antibiotics that are, usually, prescribed empirically. Antiseptic could be an adjunctive therapy aiming to broaden the antimicrobial spectrum. Low concentration povidone iodine has rapid broad-spectrum activity against bacteria including P. aeruginosa, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and biofilms, lack of resistance and efficacy in wound healing process, along with an optimum safety and tolerability profile. The purpose of this case report was to show the effect of 0.66% povidone iodine added to the antimicrobial treatment of a corneal abscess caused by P. aeruginosa in a contact lens wearer. A 25-year-old female, with suspected microbial keratoconjunctivitis was empirically treated with topical antibiotics (gentamicin and moxifloxacin). After a worsening of the corneal abscess, subconjunctival injection of gentamicin was started and, with the aim of broadening the antimicrobial spectrum, 0.66% PVP-I (2 times a day) was added. Based on the antibiogram, registering abundant growth of P. aeruginosa, topical antibiotics were substituted with ciprofloxacin, while PVP-I was maintained until complete recovery. Combined treatment of antibiotics and PVP-I 0.66% was effective, safe, and well tolerated in treating ocular infection caused by P. aeruginosa. PVP-I could be a useful additional therapeutic tool for fighting P. aeruginosa infections, generally resistant to antibiotics, and to prevent clinical worsening pending the correct microbiological diagnosis.
Modified proportional integral controller for single ended primary inductance converter
Authors: Abramovich Boris Nikolaevich , Ustinov Denis Anatolevich , Abdallah Wael Joseph
Published: May 2022

The article highlights and optimizes a controller for the single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) direct current-direct current (DC-DC) converter. The SEPIC converter adjusts a range of dc input voltages and delivers a constant and stable output voltage. Three different models of the SEPIC converter are presented in order to derive its transfer function. Being a 4th order, an approximation method for the reduction of this transfer function to 2nd and 1st order is implemented. Two methods for controlling the converter are presented, the first one is based on guessing techniques and the second explains the design steps of the controller based on the internal model control (IMC). Furthermore, an improvement on the IMC controller is proposed and results were shown and discussed. IMC is based on integrating the “process model” in the control operation of the actual system. By using an approximation of the original transfer function of the system, it is expected that the IMC control will be able to achieve the desired results. Control schemes of the SEPIC will be presented and results will be shown. The response of the controller was tested with mathematical models for batteries and supercapacitors in MATLAB, as non-ideal DC-sources, and results were presented.
Design and performance of very low head water turbines using a surface vorticity model algorithm
Authors: Subekti Ridwan Arief , Prawara Budi , Susatyo Anjar , Fudholi Ahmad , Wijaya Sastra Kusuma , Sudarmaji Arief
Published: May 2022

This study explores the numerical optimization of water turbine runner profile performance using a surface vorticity model algorithm. The turbine is designed on a laboratory scale and operates at a net head of 0.09 m, 400 rpm, and a water flow rate of 0.003 m3/s. The initial design of the turbine runner was optimized to minimize losses in the hydrofoil. The optimization algorithm is coded in MATLAB software to obtain the optimal stagger angle that will be used in the water turbine design. Furthermore, design validation was performed using computational fluid dynamics analysis ANSYS CFX to determine the water turbine performance. The settings used in ANSYS CFX include the reference pressure of 1 atm, turbulence model shear stress transport, and inlet boundary conditions using total pressure and static pressure outlet boundary conditions. The computational fluid dynamics analysis reveals that by optimizing the design, the efficiency of the water turbine increases by approximately 2.6%. The surface vorticity model algorithm can be applied to optimize the design of the water turbine runner.
Technical-economical assessment of solar PV systems on small-scale fishing vessels
Authors: Nugraha I Made Aditya , Luthfiani Febi , Sotyaramadhani Grangsang , Widagdo Aris , Desnanjaya I Gusti Made Ngurah
Published: May 2022

The source of lighting in ships can be sourced from electrical energy generated by using generators or now can utilize new renewable energy, such as solar energy using PV. Based on the existing potential, Indonesia has good solar energy potential. The measurement results show that the potential for solar energy reaches 6.37 kWh/m2/day. This potential can certainly be utilized in the marine and fisheries world. The utilization of PV as a source of electrical energy on fishing boats is expected to help support government policies in terms of the blue economy and overcome the limited number of fossil energy sources. In this study, the installation of PV with a size of 100 WP was installed on fishing boats. The need for electrical energy for PV energy output shows that it can meet 50.52% of electrical energy needs. This result is supported by the Wilcoxon test that electrical energy needs can be met by PV with a p < 0.005. The results of the economic analysis also show that the use of solar energy as a source of electrical energy provides an IRR of 9%, with a payback period of 8.87 years.
Optimal sizing of a solar water pumping system for Koyli Alpha Village, Senegal
Authors: Mbow Badara , Sadio Amy , Fankam Bertrand Tchanche , Mbodji Senghane
Published: May 2022

Our objective is to solve problems of water supply in the village of Koyli Alpha, in Senegal. Theirs boreholes are supplied by diesel fuels causing environmental drawbacks and the populations don’t satisfy their water demand. In order to bring a positive response, we used solar energy to give back the borehole’s autonomous and proposed intuitive and numerical methods applying on solar water pumping for finding the best method. A previous study used intuitive methods for determining the size of various components. In order to optimize the energy production, we propose two numerical sizing approaches in order to have an optimal operation. Then, we developed two solar cell temperature models in the numerical sizing method and did a simulation of system operating in MATLAB software. The first model of solar cell temperature depends only on the ambient temperature and the second one combines wind speed and ambient temperature. The results of simulation showed that among these numerical sizing methods, we choose the second solar cell temperature expression, which gives the best performance. The numerical sizing method which uses the second solar cell temperature model yields to the reduction of battery’s size and the total life cycle cost found in the intuitive method, by 54% and 32%, respectively.
A long short-term memory based prediction model for transformer fault diagnosis using dissolved gas analysis with digital twin technology
Authors: Sarma Gadepalli Srirama , Reddy Bumanapalli Ravindranath , Nirgude Pradeep , Naidu Pudi Vasudeva
Published: May 2022

The most significant tool for defect diagnostics in transformers is dissolved gas analysis (DGA). The time series prediction of dissolved gas levels in oil, when combined with dissolved gas analysis, provides a foundation for transformer fault diagnosis and an early warning. A long short-term memory (LSTM) based prediction model is developed in this paper to train the digital twin for identifying the essential fault in the transformer via DGA. The model is fed with three different gas concentrations as input. This study achieves the performance evaluation in terms of validation accuracy. The suggested model exhibits significant validation accuracy of 99.83%, as indicated by the analyses, thus the early prediction of transformer maintenance is aided. It can be validated that the LSTM model for fault identification and analysis using dissolved gas in the transformer has a lot of research potential.
Comparative study between backstepping and backstepping sliding mode controller for suspension of vehicle with a magneto-rheological damper
Authors: Belkacem Mohamed , Meguenni Kadda Zemalache , Bousserhane Ismail Khalil
Published: May 2022

The Suspensions are among the important components of vehicles, providing comfort for passengers and protecting the chassis and freight. They are normally provided with dampers that mitigate these harmful and uncomfortable vibrations. This work aims at investigating the potential of the use of the Magnetorheological Damper as a semi-active suspension for passenger vehicles to improve their ride dynamics and to, ensure their manipulability, and reduce unwanted vibrations levels. To achieve desired performances, a hybrid controller based on a backstepping-sliding mode control strategy is derived to increase the dynamic performance of the automotive suspension component and providing comfortable passenger traveling. Numerical simulation is used to test the efficiency of the proposed controller. The obtained results show that the proposed backstepping sliding mode controller is more efficient and robust against road profile excitation and external disturbances in comparison to a classical controller based on backstepping and sliding mode control.
Performance analysis of single-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Akinloye Benjamin Olabisi , Obe Emeka Simon
Published: May 2022

Single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor has been tipped as an alternative to single-phase induction motor due to its high efficiency and torque density. Consequently, a proper performance analysis of the motor is required to cope with the stator imbalance in order to prevent pulsation in the torque performance. This paper presented the dynamic and steady-state analysis of a single-phase interior permanent magnet synchronous motor. In this analysis, a proper combination of direct-quadrature (d-q) reference frame, and symmetrical component analyses were used. The symmetrical components analysis was used to obtain the steady state performance while the dynamic performance was obtained from d-q analysis. The symmetrical components cope with the imbalance and hence the resulting torque pulsation which may results in heating of the motor. The results obtained agreed with the theoretical analysis and yielded a unique steady state equivalent circuit and phasor diagram. The models of the motor were simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. A prototype of the motor was developed and experimentation was carried out to validate the dynamic performance.
Particle swarm optimization based high performance four switch BLDC motor drive
Authors: Anagreh Yaser , Fayyad Moath Bani , Anagreh Aysha
Published: May 2022

The present publication is directed to utilize particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based PI controller for adjusting the speed of brushless DC motor fed via four switch three phase inverter. The inverter topology reduces the cost and complexity of the drive system. High performance response during transient and steady state conditions is achieved by optimizing the controller gains using POS algorithm. The obtained results confirm the validity of the proposed drive configuration in providing the features of fast dynamic response (the settling time is about 0.025 s), with minimized percentage overshot, and approximately zero steady state error. Moreover, the drive system shows robustness feature when subjected to external load torque disturbances.
A performance comparison of series power flow control structures in a smart microgrid
Authors: Salem Qusay , Alzaareer Khaled , Harasis Salman
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates the performance of various power control structures on a series power flow controller comprised as transformerless H-bridge inverter under different operating conditions. This power flow controller connects the main grid with the microgrid as it is seriesly attached with the distribution line. Three different control strategies are implemented to regulate the power flow at the interface point using the series power flow controller. The feasibility of the regulation approaches is verified by varying the modulation index and the reference DC-link voltage during different operation modes. Also, the performance of the control strategies is verified under load divergence condition during two different operation modes. The results showed the efficacy of the developed regulation methods in injecting series voltage at point of common coupling (PCC) either during the capacitive or the inductive operation mode. Also, the obtained results reveal the stability and reliability of the regulation methods and the microgrid operation when either the reference DC-link voltage or the modulation index are increased.
Estimation of loads for off-grid solar photovoltaic systems
Authors: Abdulateef Mustafa Yaseen , Ali Mohammed Hasan , Hussen Maher Alwan
Published: May 2022

Solar power is a renewable energy technology that turns sunlight into electricity using solar panels. The generated electricity can be stored or utilized immediately, returned to the grid, or combined with a renewable electricity source or several renewable technologies solar energy systems are a supply that is both dependable and environmentally friendly of energy that may be used for a range of applications, including commercial, industry, farming, and livestock needs. The system requires practically no maintenance, making it perfect for isolated locations. The near-zero operating costs outweigh the initial hefty installation costs. When evaluated at an ambient temperature of 25°C, a typical photovoltaic (PV) module outputs power with a maximum output voltage of roughly 17V. However, on a very warm day, it can drop to around 15V, and on a very freezing day, it can drop to around 15V, it can soar to 18V.
An assessment of the share contributions of distortion sources for various load parameters
Authors: Skamyin Aleksandr , Shklyarskiy Yaroslav , Dobush Iuliia , Dobush Vasiliy , Sutikno Tole , Jopri Mohd Hatta
Published: May 2022

The method for assessing the contributions of distortion sources based on measuring consumer currents and calculating their projections onto the supply current vector is considered in the paper. Determination of contributions is carried out on the basis of the developed model of an industrial enterprise in the food industry in MATLAB Simulink software. This study presents various cases of simulation, including variable parameters of linear and non-linear consumer load, changes in parameters of external distortion sources and passive harmonic filters. It is shown that the considered method gives correct results in the absence of external distortions in the electrical grid. The considered criteria for the share contributions make it possible to estimate the most efficient place for installing a passive filter in the absence of external distortions. An indicator for evaluating external distortions has also been developed based on calculating the projection of the harmonic system current onto the harmonic current of the shunt filter at the considered frequency.
Simulation model of unity power factor uninterruptible power supply topology using single-phase matrix converter
Authors: Rawi Muhammad Shawwal Mohamad , Baharom Rahimi , Abdullah Nur Hidayah
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a computer simulation model of the unity power factor uninterruptible power supply (UPS) topology using single-phase matrix converter (SPMC) that focuses on the switching integration for both rectifier and inverter operations. The proposed integrated switches capable of controlling the SPMC to operate as a rectifier operation to charge the DC battery during the normal operation and to switch the SPMC to operate as an inverter during power outage conditions continuously and instantaneously using a single power converter circuit. The use of a single power converter circuit can solve the typical UPS system that requires at least two separate power converter circuits, thus contributing to the higher power semiconductor losses and complicated control circuits. With the proposed circuit topology, it can improve the power density of the power electronics converter system resulting in low power losses. The active power filter (APF) function has been used to improve the supply current waveform to follow the shape of the sinusoidal reference current to be in phase with the supply voltage waveform, thus reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) level and improve the power factor. To verify the proposed operation, the selected simulation results are presented, and the proposed work has been done through the MATLAB/Simulink.
A hybrid reference pulse width modulation technique for binary source multilevel inverter
Authors: Arun Vijayakumar , Kumar N M G , Prabaharan Natarajan
Published: May 2022

The article presents a seven-level reduced switch asymmetrical multilevel inverter with two different methods of pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques. Phase disposition (PD) PWM and hybrid variable-frequency phase disposition PWM (HVFPD-PWM) are the two different PWM methods for making the quality of output voltage waveform. In the first method, the unipolar sine reference with triangular carriers is used. In the second method, the hybrid unipolar reference (sinusoidal with trapezoidal) is proposed with variable frequency carriers to generate the switching pulses for asymmetric multilevel inverter (MLI). The main objective of this proposed method is to reduce the total harmonic distortion in the output voltage waveforms. A comprehensive comparison of the proposed HVFPD-PWM and the conventional PD-PWM with asymmetrical seven-level inverter is presented to show the enriched performances of the proposed method. The performance and viability of the suggested PWM are evaluated through simulation and experimental results using an asymmetrical seven-level inverter. The total harmonic distortion for the proposed PWM method (16.95%) is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional PWM method (18.01%) at the modulation index of one.
Analysis of cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter with current control methods
Authors: Gnanamurthy Prem Sunder , Govindasamy Veerapathiran
Published: May 2022

A detailed model and analysis of a five-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter with different current control methods are presented. Simulation models of the CHB inverter with hysteresis current controller, PI current controller using SPWM technique and predictive current controller have been built to demonstrate the CHB inverter system performance with regard to load current THD and reference current tracking. In controlling the load current, the hysteresis and the PI current controllers have the problem of current ripple and phase lag, respectively. The proposed predictive current control method effectively addresses these issues. The current control methods are analyzed for varying reference current and unbalanced load conditions. The simulation results are observed and analyzed using the MATLAB Simulink software to validate the current control methods.
Introdução Histórica
Authors: Schaden Egon
Published: May 2022

Capítulo I: Os estudos de aculturação na etnologia brasileira
Reação Aculturativa em diferentes esferas culturais
Authors: Schaden Egon
Published: May 2022

Capítulo V: Transformações gerais no sistema social, na vida econômica e nas instituições políticas ;Capítulo VI: Aculturação no plano tecnológico e da cultura material;Capítulo VII: A aculturação no plano linguistico;Capítulo VIII: Fenômenos e tendências da aculturação na arte ; Capítulo IX: Reflexos do processo aculturativo no campo da mitologia; Capítulo X: Fenômenos de aculturação religiosa
Bibliografia
Authors: Schaden Egon
Published: May 2022

Bibliografia
Bilingualism Affects Infant Cognition: Insights From New and Open Data
Authors: Dal Ben Rodrigo , Killam Hilary , Pour Iliaei Sadaf , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: May 2022

Bilingualism has been hypothesized to shape cognitive abilities across the lifespan. Here, we examined the replicability of a seminal study that showed monolingual–bilingual differences in infancy (Kovács & Mehler, 2009a) by collecting new data from 7-month-olds and 20-month-olds and reanalyzing three open datasets from 7- to 9-month-olds (D’Souza et al., 2020; Kalashnikova et al., 2020, 2021). Infants from all studies (N = 222) were tested in an anticipatory eye-tracking paradigm, where they learned to use a cue to anticipate a reward presented on one side of a screen during Training, and the opposite side at Test. To correctly anticipate the reward at Test, infants had to update their previously learned behavior. Across four out of five studies, a fine-grained analysis of infants’ anticipations showed that bilinguals were better able to update the previously learned response at Test, which could be related to bilinguals’ weaker initial learning during Training. However, in one study of 7-month-olds, we observed the opposite pattern: bilinguals performed better during Training, and monolinguals performed better at Test. These results show that bilingualism affects how infants process information during learning. We also highlight the potential of open science to advance our understanding of language development.
Ethical Ideology and Public Attitudes Towards Marine Life in China
Authors: Chen Mo , Martens Pim
Published: May 2022

This study investigates public attitudes in Chinese society towards marine life and determines the roles of basic demographics and ethical ideology in shaping these attitudes. An online survey was conducted in 22 mainland coastal cities on the basis of a questionnaire regarding demographical information, the Ethical Position Questionnaire (EPQ), and an adapted marine life version of the Animal Attitude Scale (AAS). Results demonstrate that Chinese women are more concerned about marine life protection than men. Ethical idealism has positive effects while ethical relativism has negative effects on public attitudes towards marine life. Chinese citizens consider using marine life for food as acceptable, but less acceptable to use their skin or fur. Moreover, ethical ideology is found to have no influence upon public attitudes towards using marine life in medical experiments.
The capture of the Ponte: the development of vicarious liability of shipowners and its limitation in Roman-Dutch law
Authors: Lubbers Tim
Published: May 2022

In 1599, Dutch privateer Melchior van den Kerckhoven unlawfully captured the Venetian merchantman Ponte, which resulted in extensive legal proceedings before the Supreme Court of Holland, Zeeland and West-Friesland. The Ponte case soon became the centrepiece for discussions about vicarious liability of shipowners for unlawful acts of their shipmasters, and – more importantly – about limitation of this liability to (the value of) their ship and cargo. Within these discussions, a secondary role was reserved for the case arising from the capture of the French ship Levrette by a Dutch merchantman in 1610. Based on extensive archival research, the present article offers a detailed reconstruction of the facts and proceedings of the Ponte and the Levrette case, and sets out how these cases were employed by Roman-Dutch lawyers to give shape to limited liability of shipowners for unlawful acts of their shipmaster.
Jesus, the Gospels, and the Galilean Crisis, by Tucker Ferda
Authors: Fredriksen Paula
Published: May 2022

This article explores the historiographical consequences of depending on Markan chronology to reconstruct Jesus’s mission. Mark highlights a “Galilean crisis” as well as the scene in the temple courts (Mk 11:18) as twinned moments of dramatic reversal (peripeteia) that serve to drive his story home to its conclusion, connecting Jesus’s Jewish mission with his Roman death. Analyzing Jesus, the Gospels, and the Galilean Crisis with Mark’s literary deployment of peripeteia in mind, the essay then raises several questions about Ferda’s reconstruction of the reception of Jesus’s message among his Galilean hearers. Jerusalem, not the Galilee, emerges as the true site of “crisis.” Jesus’s popularity among Jews, not a rejection by them, explains most directly Pilate’s decision to neutralize Jesus. Were it not for the narrative shaping of Mark’s story, would we have any reason to presuppose a “Galilean crisis” at all?
Wucher als Thema bei spätmittelalterlichen didaktischen Autoren
Authors: Classen Albrecht
Published: May 2022

We have often heard in medieval sources the vicious and violent accusation of Jews being usurers who terribly exploited their Christian debtors. Indeed, loaning money or giving credits was one of the major, if not almost only option for Jews to earn a living in the late Middle Ages, though we have recently learned that even that concept is not quite true. Nevertheless, usury was traditionally associated with Jews, as medieval authors consistently emphasized. However, when we comb through the evidence of thirteenth-century didactic literature, we normally do not discover Jews as involved in that business, even though usury is commonly condemned vehemently. This forces us to acknowledge that the discourse on usury was already fully in swing when the public did not even associate it with Jews. The later accusation was hence the result of deliberate strategies by Christian bankers who needed an effective screen to divert attention from their own financial businesses.
Assessing Cognitive Bias in Korean and Indonesian Scientists: Considering Sociocultural Factors in Judgment and Choice
Authors: Sya’bandari Yustika , Meilani-Fadillah Sarah , Nurlaelasari-Rusmana Ai , Qurota-Aini Rahmi , Ha Minsu
Published: May 2022

There has been the growing concern about excessive numbers of false-positive results published in the scientific literature. Cognitive bias plays a considerable role in triggering false findings that involve indirect and unwitting self-deception by scientists. This study considers the sociocultural differences in cognitive bias between Korean and Indonesian scientists. A cognitive bias assessment (CBA) was developed and administered to 184 professors, lecturer assistants, doctoral students, and master’s students in South Korea and Indonesia. The CBA results revealed some similar response patterns between Korean and Indonesian scientists. Additionally, the detection of 19 potential differential item functionings (DIFs) demonstrates the influence of sociocultural factors on how scientists interpret to each item. Finally, the Indonesian scientists scored significantly higher in optimism and belief bias. This study discusses the importance of awareness of cognitive biases, particularly the role of science education to reduce biases through systematic thinking, reasoning, and judgment by understanding scientific methods.
Insight from newly sequenced chloroplast genome challenges the primitive position of Corydalis temulifolia (Papaveraceae)
Authors: HUANG XIAOMEI , XU XIAODONG , WANG DONG
Published: May 2022

Corydalis temulifolia has been considered to be one of the primitive species of Corydalis; however, some recent works based on DNA markers revealed instead that Corydalis adunca rather C. temulifolia is in the basal clade within the Corydalis lineage. Both views are in conflict over concerns of species representing the primitive member of Corydalis. In this study, the chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has been sequenced and compared with previously published chloroplast genome of C. adunca. With the sequences obtained, genomic phylogenetic analyses have been carried out. Although sharing the quadripartite structure of C. adunca, the complete chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has particular features with respect to its genome size, gene order, gene content, and nucleotide substitution rates. For instance, we found the complete chloroplast genome of C. temulifolia has SSC region of 341 bp, which is markedly different in size than that of C. adunca (9,531 bp). C. temulifolia was determined as a species with large-scale rearrangements, consisting of the relocation of segment (~5 kb, trnV-UAC-rbcL) in the LSC region, the inversion of segment (~14 kb, ndhB-trnR-ACG) in the IR region and a large size (>10 kb) of IR expansion in IRs/SSC junction. Significantly, of the four large-scale rearrangements the relocation of the segment (trnV-UAC-rbcL) was absent from C. adunca but other two rearrangements were shared by C. adunca. In the latter, the segment (trnV-UAC-rbcL) resided in the conserved location and has not occurred rearrangement, suggesting that C. adunca was most likely represent a relatively early divergence species in Corydalis that compared to C. temulifolia. Further, we noticed that there was no change to the gene order of rps16 and rrn16 in C. temulifolia relative to C. adunca, and unlike C. adunca that seven out of ndh genes reside as pseudogenes, 11 ndh genes are all present in C. temulifolia. In addition, C. temulifolia has not only more dispersed repeats but slightly more tandem repeats and simple sequence repeats than C. adunca. The selection pressure estimation of protein-coding genes (psaI and rps7) in C. temulifolia were under positive selection, and it is different from four genes (psaI, rpl23, rpl36 and rps7) in C. adunca. Phylogenetic analysis based on the plastid genome revealed C. adunca to be the basal clade within the Corydalis lineage in the present sampling, suggesting that C. temulifolia is most likely not representative of the primitive members of Corydalis. This might indicate that the importance of morphological characters such as stigma may be in part misinterpreted, when being used to make inference about the evolutionary status of the Corydalis species. The results emphasise the need to consider both morphological and molecular evidence when determining not only the systematic position of species but also character evolution.
Influence of Mode Use on Level of Satisfaction with Daily Travel Routine: A Focus on Automobile Driving in the United States
Authors: Magassy Tassio B. , Batur Irfan , Mondal Aupal , Asmussen Katherine E. , Khoeini Sara , Pendyala Ram M. , Bhat Chandra R.
Published: May 2022

How does the extent of automobile use affect the level of satisfaction that people derive from their daily travel routine, after controlling for many other attributes including socio-economic and demographic characteristics, attitudinal factors, and lifestyle proclivities and preferences? This is the research question addressed by this paper. In this study, data collected from four automobile-dominated metropolitan regions in the United States (Phoenix, Austin, Atlanta, and Tampa) are used to assess the impact of the amount of driving that individuals undertake on the level of satisfaction that they derive from their daily travel routine. This research effort recognizes the presence of endogeneity when modeling multiple behavioral phenomena of interest and the role that latent attitudinal constructs reflecting lifestyle preferences play in shaping the association between behavioral mobility choices and degree of satisfaction. The model is estimated using the generalized heterogeneous data model (GHDM) methodology. Results show that latent attitudinal factors representing an environmentally friendly lifestyle, a proclivity toward car ownership and driving, and a desire to live close to transit and in diverse land use patterns affect the relative frequency of auto-driving mode use for non-commute trips and level of satisfaction with daily travel routine. Additionally, the amount of driving positively affects satisfaction with daily travel routine, implying that bringing about mode shifts toward more sustainable alternatives remains a formidable challenge—particularly in automobile-centric contexts.
Sluggish cognitive tempo, eating habits, and daytime sleepiness in obese adolescents
Authors: Öğütlü Hakan , Karatekin Şeyma , Sürücü Kara İlknur , McNicholas Fiona
Published: May 2022

Objective

Rates of obesity have risen steeply in the western world in all age groups. Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) is characterized by a cluster of symptoms. Daytime sleepiness, commonly seen in obesity, may share a similar origin with sleepiness and daydreaming symptoms of SCT. This study aims to investigate the relationship between obesity, SCT, daytime sleepiness, and eating habits.

Method

Adolescents, aged between 10–17 years, with a BMI >95th centile, were recruited to the study. Clinical interviews were supplemented with standardized questionnaires.

Results

Of the 35 adolescents, more than one quarter ( N = 10, 28.6%) had SCT. Emotional overeating and food enjoyment subscale scores showed moderate correlations with the SCT scores, though these associations were not significant when controlling for ADHD symptoms. Daytime sleepiness score in adolescents with SCT was found to be significantly higher than those without.

Conclusion

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo is frequently present in adolescents with obesity and associated with higher levels of emotional overeating, food enjoyment, and daytime sleepiness. Targeting aspects of SCT might offer additional avenues to assist in weight management programs for youth.
Liver transplantation does not increase morbidity or mortality in women undergoing surgery for breast cancer
Authors: Veillette Gregory , Castaldi Maria , Roberts Sacha , Parsikia Afshin , Choubey Ankur , Okumura Kenji , Latifi Rifat , Ortiz Jorge
Published: May 2022

Purpose:

The incidence of breast cancer following solid organ transplantation is comparable to the age-matched general population. The rate of de novo breast cancer following liver transplantation varies. Furthermore, there is limited information on the management and outcomes of breast cancer in liver transplant recipients. We aim to evaluate the impact of liver transplantation on breast cancer surgery outcomes and compare the outcomes after breast cancer surgery in liver transplant recipient in transplant versus non-transplant centers.

Methods:

National Inpatient Sample database was accessed to identify liver transplant recipient with breast cancer. Mortality, complications, hospital charges, and total length of stay were evaluated with multivariate logistic regression testing. Weighted multivariate regression models were employed to compare outcomes at transplant and non-transplant centers.

Results:

Ninety-nine women met inclusion criteria for liver transplantation + breast cancer and were compared against women with breast cancer without liver transplantation (n = 736,527). Liver transplantation + breast cancer had lower performance status as confirmed via higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (20.5% vs 10.2%, p < 0001). There were significantly more complications in the liver transplantation cohort when compared to the non-liver transplant recipient (15.0% vs 8.2%, p = 0.012). However, on multivariate analysis, liver transplantation was not an independent risk factor for post-operative complications following breast cancer surgery (odd ratio, 1.223, p = 0.480). Cost associated with breast cancer care was significantly higher in those with liver transplantation (2.621, p < 0.001). Breast conservation surgery in liver transplantation had shorter length of stay as compared to breast cancer alone (odds ratio, 0.568, p = 0.027) in all hospitals.

Conclusion:

Liver transplantation does not increase short-term mortality when undergoing breast cancer surgery. Although there were significantly more complications in the liver transplantation cohort when compared to the non-liver transplant recipient (15.0% vs 8.2%, p = 0.012), on multivariate analysis, liver transplantation was not an independent risk factor for postoperative complications following breast cancer surgery. Breast cancer management in liver transplant recipient at non-transplant centers incurred higher charges but no difference in complication rate or length of stay when compared to transplant centers.
Diaphragm Relaxing Incisions in Repair of Hiatal Defects—When to Relax and How to Achieve Closure
Authors: Hodges Maggie M. , DeSouza Melissa M. , Reavis Kevin M. , DeMeester Steven R. , Dunst Christy M. , Davila-Bradley Daniel
Published: May 2022

The operative challenges presented by large hiatal defects require that surgeons have an expansive armamentarium of tools with which to approach the crural closure. When crural closure cannot be achieved primarily, our experience suggests that use of diaphragm relaxing incisions can facilitate primary crural closure, contributing to decreasing the risk of recurrence following hiatal or paraesophageal hernia repair. Here, we present our method for identifying patients who would benefit from a diaphragm relaxing incision, as well as the technique for performing both a right and left diaphragm relaxing incision.
Study on the Electric Actuation of Liquid Metal Column in Confining System
Authors: Liang Shuting , Wang Zengwei , Li Fengjiao , Huang Mengjun , Ding Ge
Published: May 2022

Research on micro-machines is becoming popular. In this paper, the electric driving behavior of liquid metal columns in confining channel was studied. When the electric field was applied, the liquid metal near the negative electrode became flat, longer. The NaOH electrolyte (1.0 mol/L) could flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode from a small space above the liquid metal column. Besides, the length and volume of the liquid metal would affect its motion and deformation behavior. Both cylindrical liquid column (R = 5 mm, L = 5 cm) and linear liquid column (R = 5 mm, L = 40 cm) exhibit deformable movements, which are similar to the bionic movements of earthworms. The electrically driven liquid metal in closed systems could provide a theoretical basis for droplet actuation in microtubes. It has a very wide application prospect in the field of micro-drive machines.
Psychosocial and organizational barriers and facilitators of meningococcal vaccination (MenACWY) acceptance among adolescents and parents during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Widdershoven Veja , Reijs Rianne P. , Verhaegh-Haasnoot Amanja , Ruiter Robert A. C. , Hoebe Christian J. P. A.
Published: May 2022

Background

This study aimed to identify differences and similarities among adolescents and parents in various psychosocial factors influencing meningococcal ACWY (MenACWY) vaccination acceptance. Besides, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic was assessed as well as resulting organizational adjustments.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey among adolescents that attended the appointment for the MenACWY vaccination in South Limburg between May and June 2020, and their parents. Independent t-tests and χ2 test were performed to explore differences in psychosocial and organisational factors between adolescents and parents.

Results

In total, 592 adolescents (20%) and 1197 parents (38%) filled out the questionnaire. Adolescents scored lower on anticipated negative affect towards MenACWY vaccination refusal [t (985.688) = − 9.32; ρ < 0.001], moral norm towards MenACWY vaccination acceptance [t (942.079) = − 10.38; ρ < 0.001] and knowledge about the MenACWY vaccination and meningococcal disease [t (1059.710) = − 11.24; ρ < 0.001]. Both adolescents and parents reported a social norm favouring accepting childhood vaccinations, but adolescent scored higher [t (1122.846) = 23.10; ρ < 0.001]. The Covid-19 pandemic did barely influence the decision to accept the MenACWY vaccination. Only 6% of the participants indicated that Covid-19 influenced their decision. In addition, the individual vaccination appointment was rated very positive. Most adolescents (71.5%) and parents (80.6%) prefer future vaccinations to be offered individually rather than having mass vaccinations sessions.

Conclusions

This study provides an indication of which psychosocial and organisational factors should be addressed in future MenACWY vaccination campaigns. Individual vaccination appointments for adolescents should be considered, taking the costs and logistical barriers into account.
SARS-COV-2 vaccine responses in renal patient populations
Authors: Smith Rona M. , Cooper Daniel J. , Doffinger Rainer , Stacey Hannah , Al-Mohammad Abdulrahman , Goodfellow Ian , Baker Stephen , Lear Sara , Hosmilo Myra , Pritchard Nicholas , Torpey Nicholas , Jayne David , Yiu Vivien , Chalisey Anil , Lee Jacinta , Vilnar Enric , Cheung Chee Kay , Jones Rachel B.
Published: May 2022

Background

Dialysis patients and immunosuppressed renal patients are at increased risk of COVID-19 and were excluded from vaccine trials. We conducted a prospective multicentre study to assess SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses in dialysis patients and renal transplant recipients, and patients receiving immunosuppression for autoimmune disease.

Methods

Patients were recruited from three UK centres (ethics:20/EM/0180) and compared to healthy controls (ethics:17/EE/0025). SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies to spike protein were measured using a multiplex Luminex assay, after first and second doses of Pfizer BioNTech BNT162b2(Pfizer) or Oxford-AstraZeneca ChAdOx1nCoV-19(AZ) vaccine.

Results

Six hundred ninety-two patients were included (260 dialysis, 209 transplant, 223 autoimmune disease (prior rituximab 128(57%)) and 144 healthy controls. 299(43%) patients received Pfizer vaccine and 379(55%) received AZ. Following two vaccine doses, positive responses occurred in 96% dialysis, 52% transplant, 70% autoimmune patients and 100% of healthy controls. In dialysis patients, higher antibody responses were observed with the Pfizer vaccination. Predictors of poor antibody response were triple immunosuppression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]0.016;95%CI0.002–0.13;p < 0.001) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (aOR0.2;95%CI 0.1–0.42;p < 0.001) in transplant patients; rituximab within 12 months in autoimmune patients (aOR0.29;95%CI 0.008–0.096;p < 0.001) and patients receiving immunosuppression with eGFR 15-29 ml/min (aOR0.031;95%CI 0.11–0.84;p = 0.021). Lower antibody responses were associated with a higher chance of a breakthrough infection.

Conclusions

Amongst dialysis, kidney transplant and autoimmune populations SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses are reduced compared to healthy controls. A reduced response to vaccination was associated with rituximab, MMF, triple immunosuppression CKD stage 4. Vaccine responses increased after the second dose, suggesting low-responder groups should be prioritised for repeated vaccination. Greater antibody responses were observed with the mRNA Pfizer vaccine compared to adenovirus AZ vaccine in dialysis patients suggesting that Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 vaccine should be the preferred vaccine choice in this sub-group.