bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining the Impact of Parental Involvement in a Dual Language Program: Implications for Children and Schools - OLLAS Report No. 2
Authors: Casas J. F.
Published: April 2022

This study focuses on a dual language (Spanish-English) program in the Omaha Public Schools. Dual language programs are programs in which children develop proficiency in two languages simultaneously. These programs are currently seen as the gold standard second language education because of the large amount of empirical support they have received with respect to children’s academic gains. All of the dual language classrooms are comprised of half native English speakers and half Spanish speakers.

Parental involvement has received much empirical attention with respect to traditional school programs; however, little is known about the role of parental involvement in dual language programs (Lindholm-Leary, 2001). Systematically studying dual language programs is an especially important area of investigation because of the latest census trends and because barriers to parental involvement for language minority children are likely to differ from those of language majority children.

For a list of additional publications produced from this project, please visit the Faculty Publications page on the OLLAS website.
The Development of Mexican Nonproliferation Export Controls CITS Special Report
Authors: Benjamin-Alvarado Jonathan
Published: April 2022

This report by OLLAS assistant director Jonathan Benjamin-Alvarado is part of a developing research and outreach project with the Center for International Trade and Security at the University of Georgia. It involved working with Mexican government officials to design and implement national responses to international agreements and obligations to ensure command and control of critical nuclear, biological, and chemical materials in Mexico. Dr. Benjamin-Alvarado conducted a comprehensive survey, which he administered in Argentina and Cuba previously, later in 2005 to assess Mexican export controls.
"Plague" in Thucydides and its Impact on Paideia
Authors:   Institute for Strategy of Education Development of the Russian Academy of Education, Mozhajsky Andrej ,   HSE University
Published: April 2022

The article deals with an epidemic that struck Athens during the Peloponnesian War of 431-404 BC. The main outbreak of the epidemic that developed in two stages occurred in 430-426 BC. Most of the information about the disease in Athens is reported by the historian Thucydides. The article analyzes the names of the disease used by the Athenian historian: νόσος, νόσημα, λοιμός, κακός. A quantitative and contextual analysis of their use was also carried out. Thucydides uses the word λοιμός in a specific way that gives this word an additional meaning of pestilence, what can now be called an epidemic. This is evident from the phrase λοιμώδης νόσος (a pestilent/contagious disease) (Thuc. 1.23.3), which reveals its infectious nature. Another important characteristic of Thucydides' use of the word λοιμός is that three times out of four, Thucydides uses it in the context of an ancient saying. This word and other vocabulary used by Thucydides allow us to assume that the historian was well aware of modern medical terminology reflecting the cutting-edge medical education of that epoch. The author also draws a parallel with the use of this vocabulary by the philosopher Plato, Thucydides’ younger contemporary. The article also considers the tradition of studying this kind of disease as described by Thucydides, with the main trend being a gradual identification of this disease with a variation of typhoid. The latter became possible due to the archaeological material from the Kerameikos excavations, namely, to the study of bone remains found in several collective burials. In the final part of the article, the impact of the epidemic on the Athenian paideia is touched upon: it can probably be seen through the depreciation of the humanistic component of the educational space. The decline in the population, including teachers, and the likely even greater decline in the child population, could not but have a negative impact on the moral state of Attica’s people during the epidemic, which was mentioned by Thucydides. The long-term adverse economic effect further exacerbated the situation, which ultimately resulted in the inhuman destruction of the Boeotian city of Mycalessus in 413 BC. In our opinion, this event can also be viewed as the effects of the disease on the outer paideia as well, because the attackers destroyed the largest school in this Boeotian city.
Forms of Plague in Procopius of Caesarea (Procop. De bellis. IV.14) and Evagrius Scholasticus (Evagrius. Hist. ecc. IV.29): On the Development of Clinical Medicine in the Eastern Roman Empire in the Fourth Century
Authors:   Surgut State University, Zibaev Anton , Zhukova Valentina ,   Surgut Institute of Economics
Published: April 2022

The article discusses the forms of plague through the eyes of the contemporaries of the first pandemic known in historiography as "Justinian’s Plague". The Latin authors of the 6th-8th centuries did not provide detailed descriptions of the previously unknown disease and limited themselves to brief mentions of the pestilence outbreaks in various areas of the Mediterranean. Following the laws of the genre of chronicle narrative (chronicles), they could only state the fact of the spread of a major epidemic in the known world, refraining from emotional remarks. The Greek writings of the 6th century contain more detailed descriptions of the plague symptoms, which allows us to largely restore the course of the disease as it was seen by late antique physicians. Procopius of Caesarea and Evagrius Scholasticus’s reports are based on the description of external symptoms, followed by the identification of key terms that describe patients’ general condition. The first cycle of the pandemic (mid 6th century) was distinguished by early attempts to study the plague in the texts. They were accompanied by intricate and often contradictory speculations of contemporaries, with the subsequent identification of three forms of plague in the patients in Constantinople and the eastern provinces. 50 years later (in the third cycle), the Greek authors already distinguished five forms of the disease with a strict definition of the accompanying symptoms and the absence of panic, which had been noticeable in the previous period. The analysis of narrative sources allows us to conclude that late antique and early medieval authors did not know the pneumonic form of plague, in contrast to the Black Death era. For comparison, in the XIV century. Byzantine authors referred to the symptoms of the Black Death in similar terms, and used the same literary devices to describe the devastation of Constantinople and Greece. For the first time, the pulmonary form is singled out separately only in the 14th century: in the “Histories” of John Kantakuzen, in the letters of Demetrius Cydonis and Nicephorus Grigora. Thus, the conclusion is made about the gradual accumulation of general knowledge about the clinical picture of Justinian’s Plague among late antique physicians, whose works prominent representatives of Greek and Latin historiography of the 6th-8th centuries relied on.
On the Role of Research Travel in Medical Education in the 2nd – 3d Centuries AD
Authors:   Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Prolygina Irina
Published: April 2022

The role of travel in obtaining medical education in Antiquity is well known from the texts of the “Hippocratic Corpus”. However, the most valuable evidence about this aspect of the medical profession can be found in the texts by Galen of Pergamum (129-210/217), whose works are the main source of this study. Galen's numerous autobiographical notes allow us not only to trace the routes of his voyages, but to uncover their goals as well. After receiving his initial medical education in Pergamum, Galen travelled to Asia Minor, particularly to Mysia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia, attending lectures of famous physicians and philosophers and studying the local traditions of medicine. After that he spent some years in Alexandria. An analysis of a number of texts allows us to conclude that Alexandria in the 2-3 centuries AD was a center for the study of anatomy and commenting on Hippocrates’ texts. To study medicine in this city was considered a necessary stage in the career of a successful physician and a prerequisite for recognition in the profession. Important evidence should also be noted regarding the existing medical specialization in Alexandria, the features of the local dietetics and medicinal substances. An important stage in Galen's medical career was the theoretical and practical study of surgery at the gladiatorial school of Pergamum, where his knowledge was expanded not only with the rules for suturing, but also with hemostatic and wound healing prescriptions. From his extant works on pharmacology (“De simplicium medicamentorum temperamentis ac facultatibus”, “De compositione medicamentorum per genera”, “De compositione medicamentorum secundum locos”), we know that Galen also visited a number of places in the Eastern Mediterranean: Thrace, Macedonia, Cyprus and even Palestine. The purpose of these journeys was to observe the local climate that affects human health and causes diseases, to study the peculiar properties of the local herbs and minerals, and to collect medicinal substances for his personal apothecary. According to the evidence preserved in one of his latest works, “De indolentia”, Galen managed to collect one of the richest pharmacopoeias of his time and a unique collection of prescriptions that was destroyed by a fire in Rome in 192.
Factors Affecting Increased Traffic Accidents in Yogyakarta
Authors: Wahyuningrum Eka , Setyowati Eni , Bintang Pramujo Tri Cahyono , Sudibyo Nugroho Arif
Published: April 2022

Traffic accidents are one of the most frequent incidents. causing various losses to fall victim, such as in Yogyakarta in 2019 which experienced an increase in accidents compared to the previous year. In 2018 until 2019 there was an increase in accidents as much as 106.32%, 79.79% fatalities, 96.53% minor injuries, 34.78% serious injuries, 0.66% material losses, 0 violations, 04% and a fine of 1793.60%. The number of cases that occur due to various factors such as nature, vehicles with bad conditions, road conditions and what often happens is in terms of human factors underestimate traffic safety regulations such as the use of helmets that are not in accordance with SNI (Indonesian National Standard). As a result of negligence caused losses to other road users. To maintain the safety of fellow road users, they must comply with regulations and implement traffic rules, and increase awareness of the importance of maintaining joint safety when driving from the human aspect to transportation conditions. Law enforcers of traffic regulations have further increased raids for violators of traffic rules, this is one form to minimize the number of accidents and can be done by supervising minors not to drive vehicles and providing education on the importance of maintaining safety while driving.
A zöld épületek minősítőrendszerei hazánkban
Authors: Pataki Fruzsina
Published: April 2022

A fenntartható fejlődés és a környezettudatosság fogalmával napi szinten találkozik a mai ember. A fenntarthatósági kérdések egyre nagyobb térnyerésével kezdtek kialakulni azok az általános minősítő rendszerek, amelyek a különböző létesítményeket értékelik aszerint, hogy azok mennyire felelnek meg a fenntarthatóság kritériumainak. A tanúsítási rendszerek között vannak, amelyeket nemzetközi szinten használnak a világ számos országaiban, és vannak olyanok is, amelyeket inkább csak egy adott régión belül. A tanulmány a Magyarországon használt nemzetközi minősítőrendszereket és azok jellemzőit mutatja be.
Bibliometric aspect of editorial board members authorship in the parent journal
Authors:   A. A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gureev Vadim N. ,   State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mazov Nikolay A. ,   A. A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ilyicheva Inna Yu. ,   A. A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,   «Vector» State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, Rospotrebnadzor
Published: April 2022

The authors discuss the problem of publications by editorial board members in their parent journal with relation to bibliometrics and publication ethics. This issue is of the same nature as self-citedness. However, while self-citedness is classified, its motivation factors are defined, and recommendations are provided for the ethical thresholds, the problem of publishing in parent journals is still awaiting thorough investigation. The authors propose to categorize publishing in the parent journal. The ethical aspects and criteria are discussed, and a new bibliometric index – editorial board-parent journal publications coefficient is proposed to be introduced.
Personalizing digital services as exemplified by library recommendation service
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies (ICT SB RAS), Kolobov Oleg S. , Knyazeva Anna A. ,   Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies (ICT SB RAS), Leonova Yulia V. ,   Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies (ICT SB RAS), Turchanovsky Igor Yu. ,   Federal Research Center for Information and Computational Technologies (ICT SB RAS)
Published: April 2022

The possibility of designing recommendation system for library e-catalog as a recommendation service is examined. Several options for recommendations were considered, i.e. collaborative filtering method and content-based recommendations. The findings were used for building the recommendation service based on two recommendation algorithms – document-based collaborative filtering and content-based recommendations. Anonymized data on fulfilled orders and library’s e-catalog data are used as input data for recommendation system.
Art gallery in the scientific library providing cultural and recreation activities
Authors:   Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Platonova Maria A.
Published: April 2022

The cultural and recreation activities in the scientific libraries enable to build new functional spaces and widen their possibilities. By organizing art exhibitions (picture galleries), the libraries offer users to enjoy beauty and introduce them to cultural values. The author provides examples of art spaces in regional science libraries and describes the art gallery at RNPLS&T.
Multimedia library-user interaction
Authors:   Federal Institute of Industrial Property, All-Russian Patent and Technical Library, Tokareva Anastasia A.
Published: April 2022

To promote intellectual property concepts to wider public and to support the inventive activity, the All-Russian Patent and Technical Library of the Federal Institute for Industrial Property has been developing multimedia materials for the users. The target groups and user-specific services are described. The multimedia are based on the documents of the State Patent Fund, one of the most complete collection of patent documents. The Library provides free access to its materials. Advantages and drawbacks of library-user interaction are determined.
Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocukların Bilişsel İşlevleri Uygulama Performanslarının Sosyoekonomik Düzeye Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: AYDIN Beste , AHMETOĞLU Emine
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmada okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların bilişsel işlevlerinin uygulama performansının sosyoekonomik düzey değişkenine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmış olup araştırmanın örneklemini, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı Edirne il merkezinde bulunan anaokulları ve anasınıflarında öğrenim görmekte olan 124 (64 kız, 60 erkek) çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada demografik bilgilerin toplanması için araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan “Genel Bilgi Formu” ve çocukların bilişsel işlevlerinin değerlendirilmesi için Lidz ve Jepsen (2007) tarafından geliştirilen Akşin Yavuz (2016) tarafından Türk kültürüne uyarlanan "Bilişsel İşlevlerin Uygulanması Ölçeği" kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Genel Bilgi formu ile toplanan demografik değişkenlere ilişkin frekans, yüzde ve ortalamalar bulunmuştur. Araştırmaya dâhil edilen okul öncesi dönem çocuklarının Bilişsel İşlevlerin Uygulanması Ölçeği ön test- son test puanlarının dağılımının normalliğini saptamak amacıyla çarpıklık (kurtosis) ve basıklık (skewness) puanları değerlendirilmiş dağılım normalitesi sağlandığı için Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (one-way ANOVA) yapılmıştır. İkiden daha fazla değişkenin olduğu durumlarda araştırmaya dâhil edilen okul öncesi öğrencilerinin demografik değişkenlerinde katılımcı sayısının eşit dağılmadığı durumlar Welch ANOVA analizi ile hesaplanmıştır. Anlamlı farklılık belirlenen ANOVA analizinde farkın kaynağının belirlenmesi için LSD Posthoc testi uygulanmış, farkın kaynağı bu analizle belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, çocukların bilişsel işlevleri uygulama performanslarında ailelerin kendilerini tanımladıkları sosyoekonomik düzey, ailenin gelir düzeyinin ve anne baba öğrenim durumunun etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sosyoekonomik düzey, gelir düzeyi ve anne baba öğrenim durumu yükseldikçe çocukların bilişsel işlev performanslarında da yükselme meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir.
Kadına Şiddetle Mücadelede Kadın Konukevi Hizmeti ve Belediyeler
Authors: TEKDERE Mustafa , POLAT Tuncay
Published: April 2022

Ulusal ve uluslararası tüm gelişmelere rağmen, kadına yönelik şiddet tüm Dünya’da 21. yüzyıla taşınan en önemli sorunlar arasında yer almaktadır. Kadının uğradığı şiddete katlanmasının nedenlerinden biri; kadının şiddet gördüğü ortamını terk ettiğinde gidecek alternatif bir yerinin olmamasıdır. Şiddet gören kadının hangi kuruma başvuracağını ve belirli bir süre güvenle barınabileceği bir yerin olduğunu bilmesi, kadının şiddete sessiz kalmasını veya boyun eğmesini engelleyecektir. Bu noktada, kadın konukevleri oldukça önemli bir role sahiptir. 5393 Sayılı Belediye Kanunu’nun 14. maddesinin “a” fıkrasına göre; “büyükşehir belediyeleri ile nüfusu 100.000’in üzerindeki belediyelerin kadın konukevi açma konusunda hukuki bir zorunluluğu” bulunmaktadır. Hukuki zorunluluğa rağmen, ilgili sorumluluğun yerine getirilmediği görülmektedir. Söz konusu ihmal, şiddete uğrayan veya uğrama tehlikesi olan kadınların ve çocuklarının şiddet ortamından kurtulma, sığınacak bir yer bulma, güvenli ortamlarda çok yönlü hizmetlerle rehabilite edilerek topluma tekrar adaptasyon imkânlarını sınırlandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; belediyelerin kadın konukevi açma görevini yerine getirmediği sayısal verilerle ortaya konulmuş, yerine getirilmeyen görev çerçevesinde kadına şiddeti önleme açısından birtakım eleştiriler yapılmış ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
Mekânsal Panel Veri Analizleri Vasıtasıyla, Enerji Tüketiminde Yakınsamanın İl Düzeyinde Tespiti: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: TÜRKMEN Adem , YARBAŞI İkram Yusuf , EMSEN Ömer Selçuk
Published: April 2022

Yakınsama hipotezinin gelir temelli bakış açısının, kalkınmanın hem nedeni hem de sonucu olarak enerji kullanımı açısından incelenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışmada; enerji tüketimi yaşam standardının bir göstergesi olarak, sanayi enerji tüketimi ise üretim güçlerinin dağılımı amacıyla kullanılmıştır. 2007-2017 arası dönem için yapılan analizlerde hem toplam tüketim hem de sanayi tüketim değerleri açısından gerek mutlak gerekse koşullu yakınsama mekanizmasının Türkiye’de iller bazında işlediği tespit edilmiştir. Mekânsal değişkenler vasıtası ile de illerden komşularına doğru iyileşmelerin yayılma etkisi ortaya çıkardığı görülmüştür.
Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları Uygulama Mutfağının Tasarım ve Tetkiki: İstanbul Örneği
Authors: VAROL Emre , SEÇİM Yılmaz
Published: April 2022

Ateşin bulunmasından bu yana mutfak, hem kelime olarak hem de yapı olarak birçok değişikliğe uğramıştır. Bu değişiklikler gerek zorunluluklar gerekse ihtiyaçlar sonucunda hasıl olmuştur. Sanayi devriminin ardından ortaya çıkan endüstriyel, profesyonel ve ticari mutfak kavramları günümüzde birçok işletmeyi tanımlarken kullanılabilmektedir. Ancak gastronomi bölümü uygulama mutfaklarını tanımlayabilmek ve nitelendirmek amacıyla bazı olguları birleştirmek gerekmektedir. Uygulama mutfaklarının tasarımı belirlenirken mevcut üniversite uygulama mutfakları, endüstriyel, profesyonel ve ticari mutfaklarda kullanılan araç-gereçler, mutfak tasarımları ve nitelikleri kullanılarak bir profil ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Örnek bir uygulama mutfağı çıkarabilmek adına Türkiye’deki gastronomi bölümlerinin %28,4’ünü bünyesinde ihtiva eden İstanbul ili örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. İstanbul’da gastronomi bölümü bulunan 23 üniversiteden 19’u çalışmaya katılım sağlamıştır. Bulgular neticesinde uygulama mutfaklarında kişi başına düşen alan en az 2,6 m², en fazla 12,5 m² ve ortalama 6,2 m² olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bölümler en çok ada tipi mutfağı uygulama mutfağı olarak tercih ederlerken L tipi mutfak hiçbir üniversite tarafından tercih edilmemiştir.
Turist Gerçek Davranışında Sosyal Medyanın Rolünün İncelenmesi
Authors: KARACA Şükran , YEMEZ İbrahim
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı, turist gerçek davranışında sosyal medyanın rolünün incelenmesidir. Çalışmada 18 adet beşli Likert tipinde bir anket kullanılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında çevrimiçi anket tekniği ile 365 adet veri elde edilmiştir. Verilere SMARTPLS ile Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ve Yol Analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda ilk olarak ölçeğin uyum, yakınsak ve ayrışma geçerliliğini sağladığı ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu görülmüştür. Yol Analizi sonucunda ise Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Davranışsal Niyeti yaklaşık %42 oranında pozitif etkilediği, Turist Davranışını ise yaklaşık %45 oranında pozitif etkilediği görülmüştür. Ancak Turizm Tanıtımının Davranışsal Niyet ve Turist Davranışı üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı görülmüştür. Yine Turist Bilgi Arayışının Davranışsal Niyeti yaklaşık %36 oranında ve pozitif etkilediği, Turist Gerçek Davranışını ise yaklaşık %37 oranında ve pozitif etkilediği görülmüştür. Son olarak Sosyal Medya Kullanımının, Turizm Tanıtımının ve Turist Bilgi Arayışının Davranışsal Niyeti yaklaşık %65 oranında pozitif ve anlamlı bir şekilde açıkladığı; Turist Gerçek Davranışını ise yaklaşık %71 oranından pozitif ve anlamlı bir şekilde açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Taidekasvatuksen ekososiaalinen kehys: Kohti kestävyystietoista elämänorientaatiota
Authors: Foster Raisa , Salonen Arto O. , Sutela Katja
Published: April 2022

Antroposeenin ajassa ihminen muovaa maapallon tulevaisuutta luonnonvoimiakin enemmän. Kun maapallon rajat tulevat vastaan, kasvaa inhimillisen ja ei-inhimillisen todellisuuden välistä siltaa rakentavan ajattelun ja toiminnan tarve. Kysymme tässä artikkelissa: 1) millaisia piirteitä ja ominaisuuksia on ihmisen ja muun todellisuuden yhteenkietoutuneisuuden tunnistavalla ja tunnustavalla taidekasvatuksella sekä 2) miten tällainen taidekasvatus voi toimia yhteiskunnan muutosajurina kohti kestävää tulevaisuutta? Ekososialisaatioteoriaan ja esteettiseettisen taidekasvatuksen perinteeseen pohjautuen tunnistamme ekososiaalista kestävyyttä tukevalle taidekasvatukselle kolme ulottuvuutta – kehollisuuden, kuvittelukyvyn ja huolenpidon – jotka voivat vauhdittaa kestävyystietoisen elämänorientaation valtavirtaistumista yhteiskunnassa. Ihmiskeskeisen ajattelun ongelmallisten piirteiden paljastuessa on ihmisen maailmasuhteessa olevia ristiriitaisuuksia mahdollista korjata. Kun ihmiselämän koetaan kietoutuvan erottamattomaksi osaksi planetaarista kokonaisuutta, on arvokkaan ja merkitykselliseksi koetun elämän tavoittelun mahdollista toteutua entistä ehyemmin. Kaiken elämän itseisarvoisuutta ja kietoutuneisuutta näkyväksi tekevä taidekasvatus voi vauhdittaa planetaaristen kriisien ratkaisemista, mikä puolestaan vahvistaa tulevaisuuden toivoa.
Trees and Tradition in Early Ireland
Authors: Joseph Lionel S , Drayton Brian
Published: April 2022

Old and Middle Irish nature poetry has long been appreciated for the vividness of its description of the natural world. In this paper, we will show that the inventory of trees and bushes upon which poets drew was based less upon direct observation of nature than upon a traditional taxonomy found in a completely different genre, the law tracts dating back to the seventh century, notably the tree list edited by Fergus Kelly in 1976 from Bretha Comaithchesa ‘Judgments Concerning Neighborhood Law’. Thus, the economic and aesthetic value of trees and bushes as discussed in law tracts and nature poetry were part of a single continuous tradition of taxonomy and silviculture stretching over at least 500 years. We will end by discussing the relationship between this tradition and the Ogam letter names (McManus 1997).
BREADTH AND DEPTH-VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE AND READING COMPREHENSION IN AN ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE CONTEXT
Authors: Zano Kufakunesu
Published: April 2022

Most research has been concerned predominantly with vocabulary breadth in comparison with vocabulary depth. This study aims to bridge this gap by answering the following question: How do scores on vocabulary size, depth of vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension correlate with each other? This study used quantitative method research on grade 11 English First Additional Language (EFAL) learners. Only 30 participants took part in the study. The independent variables used are the Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) and Word Associate Test (WAT). Then, the dependent variable Reading comprehension is the dependent variable. The results indicated that 81% of the variance in the breadth of vocabulary scores which was measured through the VLT was shared with reading comprehension scores obtained in a reading comprehension test out of 30. On the other side, 90% of the variance in depth of vocabulary knowledge scores measured through a WAT was shared with reading comprehension scores. However, the depth of vocabulary scores could improve the prediction of the reading comprehension scores over and above the estimation accomplished by the vocabulary breadth scores. The results demonstrated the need for teachers to know their learners’ vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension abilities.
OBTAINING PREFERENCES FROM A HYBRID LEARNING SYSTEM TO PROMOTE ENGLISH-SPEAKING ABILITY THROUGH FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION
Authors: Anabel Tan Winona Vania , Simanjuntak Debora Chaterin
Published: April 2022

In the new normal era, the learning system has changed from online learning to hybrid learning. This learning system is widely applied in many universities. Thus surfacing students and lecturers’ voices is of absolute importance in obtaining preferences for best practices in English language teaching. In the EFL context, speaking fluency is one of the elements of speaking that have many difficulties to be mastered by students. This study was conducted to derive suggestions and preferences for best practices in hybrid learning systems for English-speaking ability through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) method. From the FGD, we draw transcripts, back-to-back translations, field notes and activity artefacts to demonstrate the process of the discussion. The information gathered was examined using thematic analysis and an interpretative description approach. The participants of this study were Non-English majors and English lecturers. The result revealed that college students faced speaking challenges during hybrid learning to hone their speaking fluency. Emerging themes were identified wherein in a hybrid learning system, the lecturer utilized multifaceted learning, digital resources and communication tools to improve students' speaking fluency. As for the implementation, technical support and mental readiness for hybrid learning are the reasons for the possibility of hybrid learning that affects students' speaking fluency.
Pandemic shows that global climate and biodiversity science assessments need to be annual
Authors: Costello MJ , Kelly KS
Published: April 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated that with daily data informing citizens and governments of the situation, society can respond to a crisis rapidly. We suggest that the current multi-yearly assessments of the, by comparison, chronic crises of climate change and biodiversity loss are no longer fit for purpose. Instead, annual assessments (as is standard for governmental budgets, commercial and personal taxes) are now required. As with COVID-19 data, the annual progress reports proposed here must be accompanied by new biodiversity and climate data that are both timely and open access, thus supporting scientific advice. With public transparency and accessibility of facts and figures, annual reports will lead to more accountability and progress in addressing the causes of these crises.
PENGARUH KELENGKAPAN IMUNISASI DASAR TERHADAP TUMBUH KEMBANG BAYI (0-1 TAHUN) YANG LAHIR PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Zuliyana Zuliyana , Ervinawati Ervinawati
Published: April 2022

Abstract : Basic immunization is one of the infectious disease prevention programs for children. Basic immunizations given in full will affect the stage of growth and development in children. Normal growth and development in accordance with his age is very good for the continuation of life in the future. The Covid-19 pandemic limits us from doing activities outside the home and has an impact on the continuity of health services, one of which is a decrease in basic immunization visits. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of completeness of basic immunization on the growth and development of infants (0-1 years) born during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is an analytical observational research design with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted at BPM Bd. Elviana. The respondents used were infants (0-1 years) who were born during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between the completeness of immunization and the growth of babies born during the Covid-19 pandemic with a p value = 0.012 < 0.05. And there is no relationship between completeness of immunization and the development of babies born during the Covid-19 pandemic with p value = 0.066 > 0.05Keywords : Basic Immunization, growth, development, baby, covid-19
Note on the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Vega Frank
Published: April 2022

The Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers and complex numbers with real part $\frac{1}{2}$. In 2011, Sol{\'e} and and Planat stated that the Riemann hypothesis is true if and only if the Dedekind inequality $\prod_{q\leq q_{n}}\left(1+\frac{1}{q} \right)>\frac{e^{\gamma}}{\zeta(2)}\times \log\theta(q_{n})$ is satisfied for all primes $q_{n}>3$, where $\theta(x)$ is the Chebyshev function, $\gamma\approx0.57721$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $\zeta(x)$ is the Riemann zeta function. We can deduce from that paper, if the Riemann hypothesis is false, then the Dedekind inequality is not satisfied for infinitely many prime numbers $q_{n}$. Using this result, we prove the Riemann hypothesis is true when $(1-\frac{0.15}{\log^{3}x})^{\frac{1}{x}}\times x^{\frac{1}{x}}\geq 1+\frac{\log(1-\frac{0.15}{\log^{3}x})+\log x}{x}$ is always satisfied for every sufficiently large positive number $x$. However, we know that inequality is trivially satisfied for every sufficiently large positive number $x$. In this way, we show the Riemann hypothesis is true.
About Applying Probabilistic-Static Methods in Studying Regular Laws of Music and Musical-Pedagogical Research Works
Authors:   Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Gorbunova Irina B. , Zalivadny Mikhail S. ,   Saint-Petersburg Rimsky-Korsakov State Conservatory
Published: April 2022

In the mid-20th century musicology and the contiguous disciplines presented a set of farsighted ideas containing broad possibilities for studying the factors of uncertainty in the system of musical thought and partially anticipating analogous ideas in the sphere of exact sciences. The article examines a set of probabilistic-statistical methods in application to researching the regular laws of music, and also carries out elaborations devoted to applying these methods to musical-pedagogical practice. The authors of the article draw special attention to musical-computer technologies, which received development at the turn of the 20th and the 21st centuries as means of studying music within the framework of the system of contemporary musical education on its various levels – professional and supplementary professional. The article also elucidates certain issues of inclusive musical education connected with the mastery of probabilistic-statistical regular laws of music, including the logic and the technique of musical composition. Characterization is provided to the complex research and scholarlymethodic elaborations undertaken by the Tutorial-Methodological Laboratory “Music Computer Technologies” affiliated with the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, which served as the basis for development of music scholarship and the practice of music composition and exerted an influence on the musical culture of the early 21st century.
The Hidden Symbolism of Three Chorales for a Large Organ by Cesar Franck
Authors:   Maritime State University named after admiral G. I. Nevelskoy, Dombrauskene Galina N.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to one of the enigmatic compositions by French romantic composer Cesar Franck Three Chorales for Large Organ (1890). The traditional chorale arrangements are built on original church chants, which spread its connotation on all the parameters of the composition’s musical texture – tonality, musical-lexical units, rhythm, etc. The uniqueness of Franck’s chorales lies in the absence in them of direct quotations from liturgical practice, which provides a greater amount of complexity in the ways of interpreting this cycle. The main goal of the article is to find the semantic mechanisms based on an integrated approach, which includes the semiotic, hermeneutic, iconographic and iconological methods of analysis. Given Franck’s ability of drawing and his many years of working as a church organist of the Catholic church of St. Clotilde in Paris (Basilique Sainte-Clotilde), the author of the article notes the synesthesia quality of his musical thinking manifested in this work. The music of the chorales relies not on a textual-musical basis, but on spatial-visual iconography, which can be regarded as a manifestation of the synthesis of the arts, characteristic of the Romanticist composers of the 19th century. The author of the article puts forward the following assumption – that the cycle reflects the main doctrinal images of Christ, in terms of their spatial arrangement within the premises of the Catholic Church, according to the canon of the iconic scenario. The semantic structure of the work is based on the three-dimensional semantics of the premises of the church, symbolizing human beings’ path towards God.
New Romanticism in Danish Music: about the Artistic Method of Bent Sørensen
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State A. K. Glazunov Conservatory, Okuneva Ekaterina G.
Published: April 2022

At the center of the article’s attention lies the music of contemporary Danish composer Bent Sørensen, who was awarded the prestigious Gravemeyer Awards in 2018. The author reveals the sources of compositional inspiration, the peculiarities of the figurative system, and the artistic ideas sustaining the musical compositions demonstrate the characteristic techniques which determine the descriptive topos of his music (an abundance of glissandi, sound repetitions, use of tapering of sound, special performance techniques, etc.). Special attention is given to two of Sørensen’s compositions – the triple concerto L’isola della сittà (2015), the second movement of which reevaluates the finale of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata opus 110, and the concerto for accordion and string instruments It is pain flowing down slowly on a white wall (2010), which contains a revised version of the idea of the musicians departing from the stage, similar to Haydn’s “Farewell Symphony.” On the basis of their analysis the particularities of the composer’s interaction with the past and with tradition are shown. A complex of specific features intrinsic to Sørensen’s artistic method is revealed: the programmatic character of the music; the poetics of silence; the aestheticization of the processes of decay; the specific figurative system focusing itself on “the evanescent” or “the absent”; the combination of tonality and atonality, sound and noise elements; the allocation of dialogue with the composer’s predecessors by means of stylistic allusions and the reevaluation of their architectonic constructions. In conclusion, emphasis is made of the connection between Sørensen’s musical thought and romantic aesthetics.
German Music Manuals in 18th Century Russian Translations: about the Attributes of the Primary Texts
Authors:   Russian Gnesins’ Academy of Music, Presnyakova Inga A.
Published: April 2022

The first Russian translations of German musical treatises were published in the last third of the 18th century: these were the textbooks on clavier playing by Georg Simon Löhlein, and Daniel Gottlob Türk, and a guide to figured bass performance written by David Kelner. Despite the obviousness of the information about the original texts of the translated publications, the problem of attributing the primary text remains relevant for each of them. Its staging is due to the fact that the German treatises by the time of the publication of their versions in Russian underwent numerous publications, which were not stereotyped. Since the title data of the Russian versions do not contain information about the numbers and dates of the publications of the original sources, establishing the latter has become an important scholarly task. Its relevance is indisputable: without turning to the texts in the original language, it would be impossible to carry out an exhaustive study of the range of translated 18th century literature, especially those aspects that are associated with identifying the specific features of translation, its technique and quality, the degree of structural correspondence to the original source, and the means of translating terminology. For the sake of attribution of the originals, a comparative analysis of the German editions published prior to the appearance of the Russian versions has been carried out. As a result of their correlation with the translations, the following primary texts have been specified: Löhlein, Georg Simon, Clavier- Schule, oder kurze und gruendliche Anweisung zur Melodie und Harmonie (first edition, 1765); Kellner David, Treulicher Unterricht im General-Baß (first edition, 1732); Türk Daniel Gottlob, Kurze Anweisung zum Klavierspielen, ein Auszug aus der größern Klavierschule (1792). A positive reliance on German primary sources will make it possible to take a fresh look at the results of the translation work, come closer to their objective assessment, and also may help increase the degree of the scholarly veracity of contemporary research works.
About the Influence of the Performative Features of the Avant-garde Theater on Documentary Opera
Authors:   Rostov State S. V. Rachmaninoff Conservatory, Shornikova Alexandra V.
Published: April 2022

Documentary qualities in the art of music are among of the bright, interesting and little researched phenomena of modernity. Having been generated in the sphere of cinema and drama theater, the present tendency also became circulated in the sphere of musical theater. The introduction of documentary innovative materials – verbal and audio – into the artistic context of works written in the opera genre substantially transformed the traditional structure of musical performance. The article ascertains that the source of such types of experimental attempts was the elaboration of the avant-garde dramatic theater, whose producers made broad use of the techniques of performative art. This became the artistic orientation for documentary musical theater. Analysis of the stage endeavors of theatrical producers Erwin Piscator, Giorgio Strehler, Andrei Serban and Peter Sellars has made it possible to bring to light the vectors of impact of avant-garde theater on the musical documentary theater, which broadly applied the principles of performativity. Accentuation is made of the role of contemporary computer technologies, which gave the opportunities to producers and composers to obtain an instrumentarium that is broad in its artistic resources and inclination towards synthesis, to realize the performative forms of presentation of musical theater. The new features include minimalistic scenography, political allusions, the extension of time and space, and special forms of interaction with the audience. Their appropriation by musical documentary theater proves the force of impact of avant-garde artistic practices, which have greatly transformed opera traditions.
Viktigt att skilja på energi och materia i lärande för hållbar utveckling
Authors: Höst Gunnar
Published: April 2022

Förståelse för ekologiska samband är viktigt för lärande om hållbar utveckling. I en studie undersökte forskare hur elever i årskurs 6 resonerar om näringsvävar. Resultaten visar bland annat att elever kan ha svårt att skilja på flödet av energi och kretsloppet av materia.
Tele-Yoga for the Management of Cervical Dystonia: A Safety and Feasibility Trial
Authors: James-Palmer Aurora M. , Daneault Jean-Francois
Published: April 2022

Background: Cervical dystonia impacts quality of life and activities of daily living. Botulinum toxin injections, the standard treatment, are not effective for all and often include bouts of recurring symptoms between injections. There is a need for supplementary treatments such as yoga, which has been shown to be beneficial for individuals with chronic neck pain and movement disorders. However, individuals with cervical dystonia experience barriers impeding access to in-person yoga. Thus, alternative delivery methods that can optimize access while maintaining safety must be investigated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and safety of a synchronous one-on-one tele-yoga intervention for individuals with cervical dystonia.

Methods: Individuals with cervical dystonia were enrolled in a single group pilot feasibility study consisting of a 6-weeks tele-yoga intervention bookended by two assessment sessions, ending with a 6-weeks follow-up period and associated final assessment session. The live one-on-one tele-yoga intervention consisted of breathing, postures, and relaxation and was delivered for 30 min twice weekly. Primary outcomes included adherence, adverse events, technological challenges, and usability. Secondary outcomes included enjoyment, yoga status at follow-up, clinically relevant questionnaires, and functional measures.

Results: Of the fifteen individuals enrolled, one did not complete the follow-up assessment. Intervention adherence was 93%. No significant adverse events related to the intervention occurred. Manageable technological challenges occurred. Mean usability and enjoyment were high.

Conclusions: The implementation of a one-on-one tele-yoga intervention for individuals with cervical dystonia is safe and feasible thus, efficacy trials should be initiated.

Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04348669, NCT04348669
The Critical Role of MMP13 in Regulating Tooth Development and Reactionary Dentinogenesis Repair Through the Wnt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Duncan Henry F. , Kobayashi Yoshifumi , Yamauchi Yukako , Quispe-Salcedo Angela , Chao Feng Zhi , Huang Jia , Partridge Nicola C. , Nakatani Teruyo , D’Armiento Jeanine , Shimizu Emi
Published: April 2022

Matrix-metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) is important for bone formation and remodeling; however, its role in tooth development remains unknown. To investigate this, MMP13-knockout (Mmp13−/−) mice were used to analyze phenotypic changes in the dentin–pulp complex, mineralization-associated marker-expression, and mechanistic interactions. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated high MMP13-expression in pulp-tissue, ameloblasts, odontoblasts, and dentin in developing WT-molars, which reduced in adults, with human-DPC cultures demonstrating a >2000-fold increase in Mmp13-expression during mineralization. Morphologically, Mmp13−/− molars displayed critical alterations in the dentin-phenotype, affecting dentin-tubule regularity, the odontoblast-palisade and predentin-definition with significantly reduced dentin volume (∼30% incisor; 13% molar), and enamel and dentin mineral-density. Reactionary-tertiary-dentin in response to injury was reduced at Mmp13−/− molar cusp-tips but with significantly more dystrophic pulpal mineralization in MMP13-null samples. Odontoblast differentiation-markers, nestin and DSP, reduced in expression after MMP13-loss in vivo, with reduced calcium deposition in MMP13-null DPC cultures. RNA-sequencing analysis of WT and Mmp13−/− pulp highlighted 5,020 transcripts to have significantly >2.0-fold change, with pathway-analysis indicating downregulation of the Wnt-signaling pathway, supported by reduced in vivo expression of the Wnt-responsive gene Axin2. Mmp13 interaction with Axin2 could be partly responsible for the loss of odontoblastic activity and alteration to the tooth phenotype and volume which is evident in this study. Overall, our novel findings indicate MMP13 as critical for tooth development and mineralization processes, highlighting mechanistic interaction with the Wnt-signaling pathway.
The Oral, Gut Microbiota and Cardiometabolic Health of Indigenous Orang Asli Communities
Authors: Yeo Li-Fang , Lee Soo Ching , Palanisamy Uma Devi , Khalid BAK. , Ayub Qasim , Lim Shu Yong , Lim Yvonne AL. , Phipps Maude Elvira
Published: April 2022

The Orang Asli (OA) of Malaysia have been relatively understudied where little is known about their oral and gut microbiomes. As human health is closely intertwined with the human microbiome, this study first assessed the cardiometabolic health in four OA communities ranging from urban, rural to semi-nomadic hunter-gatherers. The urban Temuan suffered from poorer cardiometabolic health while rural OA communities were undergoing epidemiological transition. The oral microbiota of the OA were characterised by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The OA oral microbiota were unexpectedly homogenous, with comparably low alpha diversity across all four communities. The rural Jehai and Temiar PP oral microbiota were enriched for uncharacterised bacteria, exhibiting potential for discoveries. This finding also highlights the importance of including under-represented populations in large cohort studies. The Temuan oral microbiota were also elevated in opportunistic pathogens such as Corynebacterium, Prevotella, and Mogibacterium, suggesting possible oral dysbiosis in these urban settlers. The semi-nomadic Jehai gut microbiota had the highest alpha diversity, while urban Temuan exhibited the lowest. Rural OA gut microbiota were distinct from urban-like microbiota and were elevated in bacteria genera such as Prevotella 2, Prevotella 9, Lachnospiraceae ND3007, and Solobacterium. Urban Temuan microbiota were enriched in Odoribacter, Blautia, Parabacetroides, Bacteroides and Ruminococcacecae UCG-013. This study brings to light the current health trend of these indigenous people who have minimal access to healthcare and lays the groundwork for future, in-depth studies in these populations.