bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os Giros Urbanos em ensaio fotográfico: os deslocamentos rituais das Folias de Reis na Região Metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Souza Luiz Gustavo Mendel
Published: April 2021

Este é um ensaio fotográfico dos deslocamentos rituais, denominados de giros ou jornadas, da Folia de Reis Bandeira Nova Flor do Oriente, organizada por Antônio José da Silva, o mestre Fumaça. O conjunto de imagens é fruto de dados etnográficos recolhidos em meu trabalho de campo ao pesquisar as peregrinações das folias pelas periferias da Região Metropolitana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. As fotografias são expostas visando relacionar a estrutura ritual de preparação para as saídas das folias, suas visitações e retorno ao local de origem.
Vilaça, Aparecida. Morte na Floresta. 2020. São Paulo: Editora Todavia. 56 p.
Authors: Quadros Caroline Leonardi de
Published: April 2021

Resenha do livro Morte na Floresta, de Aparecida Vilaça, publicado em 2020.
Estereótipos de pessoas com deficiência: competência versus cordialidade na questão das cotas
Authors: Nepomuceno Maristela Ferro , Carvalho-Freitas Maria Nivalda De
Published: April 2021

A Lei de Cotas em concurso público promove a inserção das pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho, buscando minimizar desigualdades historicamente construídas. Para a compreensão desse fenômeno, esse estudo buscou compreender a percepção de servidores públicos a respeito da Lei de Cotas para as pessoas com deficiência e os estereótipos atribuídos a elas. Foram analisadas 44 entrevistas com funcionários de uma organização pública através da análise de conteúdo e da teoria do Modelo de Conteúdo de Estereótipo (MCE). Os resultados mostraram que, apesar da predominância de concordância com a Lei de Cotas, ainda podem ser identificadas críticas à reserva de vagas, atribuindo a essa ação a pena de violação do princípio da isonomia e de privilégio. As pessoas com deficiência passam a ser vistas como ameaças para algumas pessoas, o que pode ser interpretado como uma alteração das dimensões sociais do MCE mudando de alta cordialidade e baixa competência para baixa cordialidade e baixa competência. Esses resultados indicam a importância de ampliar ações organizacionais, adicionais ao cumprimento da Lei, com vistas a minimizar as exclusões sociais. Limites da pesquisa e possibilidades de contribuição para a ampliação do conhecimento e para a prática também são discutidos.
Reações maternas às emoções negativas dos filhos e autorregulação emocional infantil
Authors: Sales Paula Kleize Costa , Alvarenga Patrícia
Published: April 2021

O desenvolvimento da autorregulação emocional acontece na relação com cuidadores primários. Este estudo investigou as relações entre as reações maternas às emoções negativas dos filhos e a autorregulação emocional infantil. Participaram 33 mães e 30 filhos com idade entre seis e sete anos. As reações maternas às emoções negativas dos filhos foram avaliadas por uma escala (CCNES). A autorregulação emocional infantil foi avaliada por uma escala (ERC) e por uma entrevista respondida pelas crianças. O agrupamento de reações maternas não apoiadoras das expressões emocionais infantis correlacionou-se negativamente com a autorregulação infantil informada pela mãe e positivamente com as estratégias de fuga relatadas pela criança. Os achados apoiam a hipótese sobre relações bidirecionais entre as duas variáveis. Reações não apoiadoras estimulam na criança o uso de estratégias de fuga consistentes com o modelo materno, gerando um ciclo interativo em que mãe e criança reforçam reciprocamente a evitação do contato com emoções negativas e prejudicam o desenvolvimento da autorregulação emocional infantil.
Nutrient production in pastures of Triticale BRS Saturno submitted to different levels of nitrogen in topdressing
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Antunes Gustavo Veiverberg , Haygert-Velho Ione Maria Pereira ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Bernardi Andiara Laissa ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rupollo Carlos Zandoná ,   Unidade Central de Educação FAEM Faculdades, Gheno Gadriéli Cristina ,   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Gabbi Gabriela Feiten ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Calgaro Júlia Laize Bandeira ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Velho João Pedro ,   Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Published: April 2021

Pastures are a primary source of feed for ruminants, which convert fibrous plants into nutritionally valuable foods for humans, such as meat and milk. However, it is important to understand the nutrient content of different fodder crops for ruminants and its effect on meat, milk, and milk products. We aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer doses in topdressing on nutrient production in pastures of Triticale BRS Saturno. The experimental design was a randomized block with five replications. Descriptive statistics of yields per hectare were determined, and a simple linear regression was carried out at the level of 5% significance. The different nitrogen topdressing rates (0, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1) influenced the production (P < 0.05) of dry matter, total carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude protein, soluble protein, insoluble protein in neutral and acid detergent, protein degradability, ether extract, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids, neutral detergent fiber digestibility after incubation for 24, 30, and 48 h, and the neutral detergent fiber degradation rate. The different doses of nitrogen fertilizer in topdressing in the form of urea increased nutrient production in pastures of Triticale BRS Saturno, mainly in relation to total carbohydrates and neutral and acid detergent fiber. To a lesser extent, it also significantly interfered with the production of nitrogenous constituents and fatty acids.
Sulfonamide resistance genes in soils treated with waste from animal production in an organic production system
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Oliveira Camila Costa de , Bertholoto Danielli Monsores ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Nascimento Elisamara Caldeira do ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Zonta Everaldo ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Coelho Shana de Mattos de Oliveira ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Souza Miliane Moreira Soares de ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Melo Paulo Regis Bandeira ,   Instituto Federal Sudeste de Minas Gerais, Coelho Irene da Silva ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
Published: April 2021

Animal waste is widely used in organic production systems. However, these residues can increase antimicrobial determinants in the soil. In this perspective, this study was developed to evaluate the presence of sulfonamide resistance genes in soils from an organic production system that received animal waste as organic fertilizer. Soil samples were collected from four properties with different management practices to increase soil fertility. Three properties use the animal waste from the conventional system and the other use plant residues as soil cover and a legal reserve. The extraction of total DNA from soil was carried out followed by the amplification of genes encoding sulfonamide resistance (sul1 and sul2) by the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique. The sul1 and sul2 genes were detected only in soils treated with animal waste. The genes were not detected in soils from the legal reserve and the property that used plant residues as soil cover. These results indicate that the use of animal waste as agricultural fertilizer can increase genes for resistance to antimicrobials in the soil and the composting process may not be enough to eliminate them. This information reiterates the need to implement standards that establish quality parameters for animal waste, considering resistance to antimicrobials, as well as the development of management strategies that reduce the risk of spreading resistance to antimicrobials when these residues are applied to soils.
Envelope method for the germination test of Mombasa grass
Authors:   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jeromini Tatiane Sanches , Botassini Murilo Petrassi ,   Instituto Taquaritinguense de Ensino Superior, Barros Renato Téo de ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Martins Cibele Chalita ,   Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias
Published: April 2021

The Rules for Seed Analysis reports the use of a paper envelope to allow use of the germination test with small seeds but does not provide any method or use recommendation. As Mombasa grass has high quality and commercial importance, the objective of this study was to evaluate the viability of the envelope method in the germination test of Mombasa grass seeds, with the aim of achieving greater result accuracy and improvement of seed quality analysis processes in laboratories. The germination of eight lots of Mombasa grass seeds was evaluated with two sowing methods (on paper and in paper envelope). The moisture content and the first germination count were also determined. The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design. The data were analyzed in a 2 x 8 factor scheme (sowing methods x lots), with four repetitions. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the F test and when significant, treatment means were compared using the Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Results showed that the envelope method is efficient for the germination test of Mombasa grass seeds and can be easily used by seed analysis laboratories, as it present results equivalent or superior to those obtained using the traditional method on paper, while occupying only 2/5 of the germination chamber space used in the conventional method.
Histopathological alterations caused by monogenean parasites the gills of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum (Serrasalmidae)
Authors:   Embrapa Amapá, Dias Marcos Tavares-Dias , Ferreira Gabriel Valente ,   Universidade Estadual do Amapá, Videira Marcela Nunes ,   Universidade Estadual do Amapá
Published: April 2021

Monogeneans are ectoparasites of fish with a global distribution. In farmed fish, high infestations may result in morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the histopathological effects of three species of monogeneans Anacanthorus spathulatus, Notozothecium janauachensis and Mymarothecium boegeri on the gills of farmed Colossoma macropomum. Parasitological indices revealed a prevalence of 100%, and a mean abundance of 81.3 ± 11.8. This infection caused displacement of the gill epithelium, focal hyperplasia of epithelial cells, lamellar fusion, congestion and shortening of the secondary lamellae of gills, in addition a complete fusion of the secondary lamellae. However, these tissue alterations were reversible and punctually located lesions, which may not compromise the normal functioning of gills. Lastly, this study showed the potential damages caused by parasite monogeneans to gills of infested fish, thus sanitary management is essential for the growth of fish farm of C. macropomum.
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of ovine neosporosis worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Romanelli Paulo Roberto , Caldart Eloiza Teles ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Martins Felippe Danyel Cardoso ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Martins Camila Marinelli ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Matos Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Pinto-Ferreira Fernanda ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Mareze Marcelle ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Mitsuka-Breganó Regina ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Freire Roberta Lemos ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Navarro Italmar Teodorico ,   Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Published: April 2021

Neosporosis, caused by the protozoan Neospora caninum, has been widely reported and discussed as a major disease associated with reproductive problems in herds of various animal species. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence and risk factors associated with ovine neosporosis worldwide. This is the first systematic review, which was performed according to the established preferred reporting items in systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to address ovine neosporosis. Four databases were used in this study: PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, and Scopus. The selected keywords were “neospora AND sheep,” “neosporosis AND sheep,” “neospora AND lamb,” “neosporosis AND lamb,” “neospora AND ewe,” and “neosporosis AND ewe.” The meta-analysis calculations were performed with random-effects models for proportions, and heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test. This study identified 24 studies on ovine neosporosis, nine of which evaluated the factors associated with the risk of seropositivity. After meta-analysis, the pooled estimated prevalence was 12% (95% CI, 8-16%; I² p-value < 0.01). The evaluation of the included studies allowed the identification of ovine neosporosis distribution in continents according to demonstrated prevalence rates. We confirmed via metaanalysis that the use of indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the diagnosis of ovine neosporosis was not a source of data heterogeneity. The presence of dogs on the properties was reported as the main risk factor associated with the occurrence of ovine neosporosis; however, this was not confirmed by the meta-analysis.
Silvestre Pinheiro Ferreira e a construção das instituições administrativas e políticas do império Luso-Brasileiro (1815-1821)
Authors: Gileno Carlos Henrique
Published: April 2021

Este artigo retrata perspectivas das análises administrativas e políticas constantes nas obras do filósofo lisboeta Silvestre Pinheiro Ferreira (1769- 1846) escritas no período joanino (1808-1821). Coetâneo dos intelectuais e políticos que presenciaram os efeitos da Revolução de Independência Americana (1776) e da Revolução Francesa (1789), o autor participou das discussões referentes às teorias da representação política que organizaram a estrutura institucional dos Estados constitucionais modernos. As obras analisadas são de fases distintas da regência (1799-1815) e do reinado (1816- 1821) de D. João VI no Brasil: Memórias Políticas sobre os Abusos Gerais e Modo de os reformar e Prevenir a Revolução Popular Redigidas por Ordem do Príncipe Regente no Rio de Janeiro em 1814 e 1815 e Cartas sobre a Revolução no Brasil (1820-1821).
Causa ou consequência? representação e participação no contramovimento bolsonarista à crise da democracia no Brasil
Authors: Scerb Philippe
Published: April 2021

Este artigo questiona a ideia corrente de que a eleição e o governo de Jair Bolsonaro são expressão e causa da crise da democracia brasileira. A despeito de ampliar as desigualdades e de seu autoritarismo, o fenômeno deve ser visto como um contramovimento ao que foi chamado de desdemocratização. Mais do que uma reação aos avanços de treze anos de governos progressistas, a potência do bolsonarismo é também resultado da alternativa que ele simboliza a um sistema impermeável à participação popular. Por meio da análise de seu discurso e de sua prática, marcadas pela responsividade da representação e pela participação ativa de sua base, argumenta-se que ele revigora, de maneira contraditória, elementos de soberania popular ausentes da política pós-democrática. Assim, Bolsonaro se distingue de atores concorrentes, dedicados a restaurar o consenso e as instituições liberais, ambos na origem da crise contemporânea.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 14, No. 2
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: April 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Computer and Information Science, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2021
Da negação do turismo à defesa do direito ao risco: os primeiros projetos de lei para práticas de aventura no Brasil e a reação de esportistas
Authors: Bandeira Marília Martins , Silva Dirceu Santos , Amaral Silvia Cristina Franco
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a reação de lideranças de entidades esportivas aos primeiros projetos de lei acerca de atividades de aventura no Brasil com relação a ações do turismo.Metodologia:  Estudo qualitativo interpretativo de inspiração etnográfica e historiográfica, que teve como método a análise documental, sobretudo de textos governamentais, institucionais e da mídia especializada.Originalidade/relevância: Temática recente e atual, a ocorrência de acidentes em práticas de aventura e sua evitação demanda embasamento para o desenvolvimento do campo e mediação de conflitos entre seus agentes. Este artigo contribui com a originalidade da discussão sobre a tensão entre lideranças de comunidades de esportistas e empresários do turismo acerca das propostas de projetos de lei.Principais Resultados: A regulamentação dos esportes de aventura no Brasil via projetos de lei federais, estaduais e municipais não se materializou, mas gerou amplo debate entre mercado, Estado e sociedade civil durante sua tramitação. Os resultados demonstram que, alguns atletas ou esportistas autônomos de aventura não estiveram de acordo com as políticas públicas propostas no país e buscaram juridicamente a garantia constitucional de acesso gratuito aos ambientes naturais e liberdade de gestão do risco na prática como forma de lazer.Contribuições teóricas metodológicas: Os resultados contribuem teoricamente para demonstrar a complexidade das relações entre as lideranças do esporte e turismo e propostas de políticas públicas para práticas de aventura, e que certos perfis de esportistas não aceitaram a caracterização de atividades de aventura como turismo. Metodologicamente, esse estudo reforça que não se pode tratar documentos oficiais como referências bibliográficas e sim como fontes de dados a serem problematizados.
Hvordan kan et utforskende undervisnings- opplegg i naturfag støtte læring og motivasjon hos elever med stort læringspotensial?
Authors: Pajchel Katarina , Ramton Aase Marit Tolebråten Sørum
Published: April 2021

This article presents how an inquiry-based teaching unit designed for the regular classroom can support the motivation and learning of gifted students. Inquiry-based teaching was conducted with such students, and data were gathered via anonymous questionnaires in which the students were asked how they perceived the learning activities. The responses were clustered around five themes: instructive teaching, deep learning, interest, variation and mastering. Our results indicate that these five aspects support students’ learning directly and indirectly through motivation. The inquiry-based teaching unit is distinct in that it allows the learner to immerse him or herself in a topic of interest and in varied and advanced tasks, deepening subject knowledge and enhancing practical and creative ways of working. The relevance and applications of the subject knowledge were found to be additional motivating factors. The teaching unit provides examples of several adaptation strategies recommended for gifted students integrated into the regular classroom.
Improving Female Researchers’ Careers through Gender Equality Plan actions: Experiences from a Slovenian Research Institution
Authors: Petrovic Tanja
Published: April 2021

This article draws on experiences in implementing the Gender Equality Plan adopted at the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts in early 2019. It discusses the careers of female researchers, their prospects for career advancement, and how their excellence is construed, negotiated, and promoted in the Slovenian academic sphere. The article proposes a contextualised understanding of female academic careers and excellence. This understanding is sensitive to the structural variables that define researchers’ academic prospects, as these prospects result from the intersection of various personal and structural factors. It argues that in order to plan appropriate strategies for improving career prospects for female researchers in a Gender Equality Plan, it is necessary not only to consider the national context, the legislation and demographic and other “objective data”, but also to take seriously the institutional culture and the fact that individual researchers are affected by neoliberal academia in different ways that depend on their structural position within the institution.
Pastor Johannes Schmidt-Wodder (1869–1959)
Authors: Hopp Peter
Published: April 2021

Eine „Legende" war er, weil er mit dem Renommee seines „Friedensvereins" vor 1918 nach 1920 die Interessen der deutschen Minderheit in Dänemark mit großem Eifer vertrat: Grenzrevision und kulturelle Autonomie. „Umstritten", weil er mit seinem Interesse an nordischer Kultur und Geschichte utopische Pläne einer skandinavischen Einheit in Anlehnung an ein dominantes Deutschland verfolgte, die ebenso wie sein deutsch-völkisches rassistisches Weltbild, das er letztlich als den „wahren“ Nationalsozialismus begriff, keinen Widerhall im demokratischen Norden fanden. Auch nach 1945 blieb er umstritten: Er äußerte Missfallen am loyalen Kurs der deutschen Minderheit in Nordschleswig und übte harsche Kritik an der dänischen Rechtsabrechnung.

Peter Hopp liefert mit diesem Buch eine lange überfällige grundlegende politisch-historische Biographie eines bedeutenden Grenzlandkämpfers der deutschen Minderheit in Nordschleswig. Das Buch bildet daher einen gewichtigen Beitrag im Jubiläumsjahr des "Grenzstreits" des Jahres vor und nach 1920.
Die Cy-près-Doktrin
Authors: Busch Lotte
Published: April 2021

Under German law, the purpose of a charity can only be modified under certain conditions. In the United States, the conditions to modify the purpose of a charity are defined in the so-called Cy-près doctrine. The Cy-près doctrine has been adopted from England and allows a modification of a charity’s purpose if it becomes unlawful, impracticable or impossible to achieve. This work compares German and U.S. law with regard to the modification of purpose.
Zivilprozessualer Geheimnisschutz im Anschluss an das Gesetz zum Schutz von Geschäftsgeheimnissen
Authors: Sebulke Philipp
Published: April 2021

The author examines the protection of trade secrets in civil proceedings. He focuses on analysing the new regulations for procedural trade secret protection by the German Act on the Protection of Trade Secrets (GeschGehG) and the Directive (EU) 2016/943. Whereas trade secret holders previously faced the choice of either losing the case or losing their secret, the author provides practical advice on the application of the new regulations between the conflicting poles of effective trade secret protection and procedural access to information in order to ensure sufficient protection. Furthermore, he argues for revising the §§ 16 et seq. GeschGehG, especially to extend their scope of application to all civil proceedings.
Zwischen Naturlehre und Rhetorik
Authors: Mengaldo Elisabetta
Published: April 2021

In Lichtenbergs Sudelbüchern erfolgt die Beobachtung des Kleinen in der Natur und beim Menschen durch Wissensformen, die an der Schnittstelle von Rhetorik und Naturlehre entstehen.

In seinen Sudelbüchern notierte Georg Christoph Lichtenberg 35 Jahre lang allerlei Einfälle, Ideenassoziationen, Gedankenexperimente und Versuchsanordnungen. Diese legendären Notizhefte bilden jedoch kein literarisches bzw. epistemisches Ganzes. Sie sind vielmehr ein Sammelsurium von Texten, in dem die »zwei Kulturen« aufeinandertreffen: die rhetorisch-poetische und die naturwissenschaftliche. Das Aufzeichnen besitzt dabei eine doppelte zeitliche Signatur, denn diese kleinen

Textformen haben nicht nur eine mnemonisch-aufbewahrende Funktion; sie erweisen sich auch als Winke für künftiges Wissen. In ihrer Monographie geht Elisabetta Mengaldo dem für die Sudelbücher zentralen Zusammenhang von Rhetorik als traditioneller Kulturtechnik und Formen der Wissensanordnung an der Schwelle zwischen taxonomischen Modellen und modernen Beobachtungs- und Experimentalpraktiken nach. Dabei kommt dem »Kleinen« sowohl als Forschungsobjekt als auch als hybrider kurzer Prosaform eine geradezu emblematische wissensgenerierende Funktion zu.
A Systematic Review of Treatment Strategies Including Future Novel Therapies in Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Authors: Kouhpayeh Hamidreza
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute fetal illness the case fatality rate (CFR), which without treatment is between 26% to more than 80%. Despite the administration of ribavirin as a specific antiviral drug for the treatment of CCHF from many years ago, its clinical efficacy is still controversial. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ribavirin, favipiravir, and other treatment options for CCHF, including steroids, immunoglobulin, etc. Method: This systematic review included 31 articles, three factsheet from WHO, CDC, and ECDC, two editorial letters, and two textbooks from 2002 to 2020. The following databases were searched: Google Scholar, PubMed, Medscape, Cochrane, WHO, CDC, and ECDC. Results: The selected results of the above articles were concentrated on the different options of supportive treatment, including steroids, immunoglobulin, etc., as well as the efficacy of antiviral drugs, especially ribavirin and favipiravir. While some studies confirmed the clinical efficacy of ribavirin in the treatment of CCHF, some other studies did not confirm its efficacy. All studies justified that supportive therapies are the mainstay of treatment. Conclusions: The cornerstone of therapy of CCHF is supportive treatment. The clinical efficacy of ribavirin for CCHF treatment is questionable, and further randomized case-control clinical trials are required to confirm and recommend it for CCHF treatment. Also, other treatment strategies, including administration of steroids, immunoglobulin, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) require more conclusive data. The promising antiviral drug for CCHF treatment is favipiravir.
Human Rhinovirus Molecular Epidemiology and Genotyping in Iranian Military Trainees with Acute Respiratory Symptoms
Authors: Safarnezhad Tameshkel Fahimeh , Salimi Jeda Ali , Tavakoli Ahmad , Karbalaie Niya Mohammad Hadi , Izadi Morteza , Zamani Farhad , Keyvani Hossein
Published: April 2021

Background: Human rhinovirus (HRV) is still the most prevalent viral infection in humans and a significant cause of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in many communities, including military personnel undergoing basic training. Objectives: In this research, we assessed the molecular epidemiology, genotyping, and phylogenetic classification of HRVs in Iranian military trainees with respiratory infections (RI). Methods: For HRV identification and genotyping, respiratory specimens were obtained, and RT-PCR was conducted for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of HRV utilizing primers for the 5-UTR region. Results: Among 400 Iranian military trainees (average age of 21 ± 4 years, the range of 18 - 57 years) with respiratory infections, HRV was detected in 29 patients (7%) using RT-PCR. The direct sequencing of PCR products from 10 specimens showed that the incidence of type A (n = 5, 50%) was higher than that of type B (n = 4, 40%) and type C (n = 1, 10%). There were no significant associations between HRV and respiratory and clinical symptoms, blood group, and indoor or outdoor conditions (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: This research was the first to record HRV as a significant cause of respiratory problems among military trainees in Iran, with a frequency of 7%. The most prevalent genotype was HRV-A, which may be applicable in epidemiological and clinical studies, as well as vaccination plans.
Gender Differences in Pedestrians’ Traffic Behaviors in Iran: A Study from a Candidate Safe Community
Authors: Haghighi Morteza , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Bakhtari Aghdam Fatemeh , Jahangiry Leila , Nadrian Haidar
Published: April 2021

Background: Although the number of pedestrian traffic accidents is decreasing worldwide, more than one-third of traffic fatalities in Iran are related to pedestrians. High-risk behaviors of pedestrians increase their vulnerability to road traffic injuries. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate gender differences in adopting safe pedestrian behaviors in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among pedestrians aged 18 years and over (n = 508) living in the second municipal district of Tabriz, Iran. The stratified random sampling method was used to recruit a representative sample of adults from 23 July to 21 November 2019. A standardized, structured questionnaire was used for evaluating traffic behaviors in five domains (i.e., adhering to traffic rules, pedestrians’ traffic violations, positive pedestrian behaviors, pedestrians’ distraction, and pedestrians’ aggressive behaviors). The data was analyzed by SPSS version 22 using independent t-test, regression, chi-square, and ANOVA tests. Results: Overall, 58.5% of the participants were female. Women had significantly higher scores in three domains of pedestrian traffic behaviors (i.e., no traffic violations, not being distracted, and not having aggressive behavior) than men (P < 0.001). Additionally, married women and women with higher education levels earned significantly higher scores than others in total pedestrian traffic behaviors. There were significant differences between men and women regarding the use of a personal car and walking daily more than an hour (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest gender differences in the five dimensions of pedestrian traffic behaviors in Iran. Gender-specific risk reduction strategies in the Iranian pedestrians’ safety intervention programs may promote safe traffic behaviors of pedestrians.
Grandma Ruth's UP Truck Stop
Authors: Hampton Viggy ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: April 2021

Is a digital copy of a loved as socially valuable as the real person? Is there an advantage if being able to permanently lose the ones we love? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Rachel receives a letter while at University informing her that her Uncle Stewart has passed away. She returns to the small town for the funeral and talks with Grandma Ruth, the local restaurant owner. Grandma Ruth sets Rachel up a date, but things don’t go quite as planned. Rachel confronts Grandma Ruth and finds out that she has slowly been replacing the town citizens with robot copies in order to keeping the dying town’s population from dwindling to zero. The story ends with Grandma Ruth asking Rachel to take over the responsibility of maintaining her families, and the towns, robot population.
The Re-Enchantment of Wilderness and Urban Aesthetics
Authors: Chen Wang-heng , Chen Xin-yu ,   Center for Environmental Philosophy, The University of North Texas
Published: April 2021

According to the essence of industrial civilization, wilderness is bound to disenchantment. However, in the ecological civilization era, based on the demands of ecological balance, we must reserve a certain degree of wilderness in urban environment. Therefore, we need to bring back enchantment to aesthetic appreciation of wilderness. On the surface, the re-enchantment of wilderness seems to be a regression of agricultural civilization; however, in fact, it is a transcendental development of agricultural civilization. In recent years, there have been some deviations in the application of “garden urbanism” and “landscape urbanism” have existed in contemporary Chinese urban landscaping. To some extent, the recovery of wilderness is a major mission in Chinese urban construction.
Stratégie d’acquisition de connaissance pour l’inventaire des ZNIEFF : exemple des Mollusques continentaux déterminants en région Pays de la Loire
Authors: LEPAREUR Fanny , WITTÉ Isabelle , LÉONARD Lilian
Published: April 2021

L’inventaire des Zones naturelles d’Intérêt écologique faunistique et floristique (ZNIEFF) a pour objectif d’identifier et de décrire des secteurs présentant un intérêt pour la biodiversité patrimoniale. L’identification et la création des ZNIEFF reposent sur la présence d’espèces dites « déterminantes » et inscrites sur des listes élaborées au niveau régional. L’UMS PatriNat (OFB-CNRS-MNHN) a mobilisé les données d’occurrence des espèces déterminantes issues de l’Inventaire national du Patrimoine naturel (INPN) et de l’inventaire des ZNIEFF dans le but de dresser des bilans de la connaissance des ZNIEFF existantes. Ces bilans permettent d’évaluer le niveau de cohérence et de complétude de l’inventaire et identifient, de par leur assemblage en espèces déterminantes, les secteurs à enjeux biologiques qui ne sont pas encore pris en compte par le réseau actuel des ZNIEFF. Dans cette étude, le processus d’analyse, allant de l’élaboration de la liste d’espèces déterminantes à la localisation des ZNIEFF par rapport aux points chauds de biodiversité, est illustré à travers l’exemple des Mollusques continentaux des﻿ Pays de la Loire. Dans ce cas précis, les résultats mettent en évidence de réelles lacunes de connaissance pour ces espèces qui nécessiteraient de renforcer, soit la mobilisation et le partage des données naturalistes, soit le niveau de prospection en réalisant de nouveaux inventaires. L’amélioration des connaissances est une condition préalable à un processus de cercle vertueux qui permettrait de renforcer les modèles de localisation des secteurs à enjeux, régionaux et nationaux. Cela permettrait également d’actualiser la liste des espèces déterminantes servant de base à un nouveau diagnostic.
Presupuestos terapéuticos y pseudomorfosis en los trabajos Martyrs (2014) y Mary (2016) de Bill Viola
Authors: Aguirre-Martínez Guillermo
Published: April 2021

En 2014 Bill Viola completa su trabajo Martyrs, un encargo realizado por la Catedral de san Pablo, en Londres. Dos años después quedará concluida Mary, obra que complementa a Martyrs y que encuentra su ubicación, en esa misma catedral, en el extremo opuesto del ábside. Tomando como eje vertebrador la significación de los cuatro elementos (agua, tierra, aire, fuego) y el fenómeno de pseudomorfosis habitual en los trabajos de Viola, exploraremos los fundamentos de un arte terapéutico. La emergencia de contenidos profundos del imaginario permite la revitalización psicosomática del sujeto.

In 2014 Bill Viola finished his work Martyrs, requested by Saint Paul’s Cathedral, in London. Two years later the American artist ended another work, Mary, that complements Martyrs. Mary is located, also in Saint Paul’s Cathedral, on the opposite side of the apse. Since the meaning of the four elements (water, earth, air and fire) and the idea of pseudomorphosis that normally structures Bill Viola’s works, we will explore the premises of a therapeutic art. The emergence of deep sediments buried in our imaginary, allows the psychosomatic revitalisation of the individual.
mirada glocal al arte digital inmersivo de teamLab
Authors: Cabañas Moreno Pilar
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el caso del grupo artístico japonés conocido como teamLab, formado por artistas, diseñadores, ingenieros informáticos, técnicos, etc. Trabajan piezas de arte digital de carácter proyectivo e interactivo sumamente complejas, que nadie de un modo independiente, no colaborativo podría lograr realizar.

Con esta investigación se pretende analizar sus planteamientos, su modo de trabajo y sus referencias culturales más cercanas, para descubrir sus aportaciones y comprobar de que modo su obra llega a encajar en el nuevo paradigma de la globalización como es el glocalismo, resaltando aquello que procede y los identifica con su entorno cultural japonés, y lo que los lanza a dar una respuesta universal a la sociedad a través de su arte.

La metodología en este caso será de tipo fenomenológico y analítico, recogiendo información sobre el grupo, todavía dispersa en prensa y páginas web, y estudiando formal y conceptualmente sus obras.

 

The objective of this work is to study the case of the Japanese artistic group teamLab, made up of artists, designers, computer engineers, technicians, etc. They create highly complex projective digital pieces of art, which no one in an independent, non-collaborative way could achieve.

This research aims to analyze their approaches, way of working and their closest cultural references, and how their work fits into the new paradigm of globalization such as glocalism, highlighting which comes from and identifies them with their Japanese cultural environment, and what launches them to give an universal answer to society through their art.

The methodology in this case will be phenomenological and analytical. Information about the group will be collected, still scattered in the press and on web pages, and studying their works formally and conceptually.
Victoria o muerte: Música para los últimos momentos de El Álamo en el cine
Authors: Justo Estebaranz Ángel , Pérez García Lucía
Published: April 2021

La defensa y batalla de El Álamo en 1836 supone uno de los grandes acontecimientos de la Historia americana, hito fundacional sobre el que el cine se interesó desde sus primeros momentos, y que ha conocido diversas interpretaciones a lo largo de un siglo (1911-2004). Los momentos más dramáticos fueron las horas previas a la batalla final, tras trece días de asedio de las tropas del general Santa Anna a los texanos, y la propia batalla. El tratamiento musical que los diferentes compositores de la partitura de cada película han dado a estos momentos ha variado en función de diversos factores. En este artículo analizamos la música de las escenas relativas al día previo a la batalla y al asalto final, abordando especialmente el toque de degüello empleado por cada uno, su importancia en el conjunto de la partitura, sus posibles referentes, su estructura y el carácter del tema. Para ello diseñamos unas tablas de análisis de contenido categorial, que nos permiten comparar las seis películas estudiadas y llegar a las conclusiones.

The defense and the battle of The Alamo in 1836 is one of the greatest events of American History. Film writers, directors and producers were interested in it since the early days, so there are several adaptations from 1911 to 2004. The most dramatic moments were the hours before the battle after thirteen days of siege of the Santa Anna’s troops, and the final assault. According to different factors, each film composer has written a personal version of the music for these scenes. In this paper we analyze the musical treatment applied to the scenes of the previous day and of final assault, highlighting the different versions of the deguello, its importance inside the score, its sources, structure and character. For to do this, we use tables of categorical content which let us to compare the six films we studied and to reach the conclusions.
Reunión de mujeres, reunión de virtudes. La sala del estrado del Palacio Guevara y su programa iconográfico
Authors: Álvarez Seijo Begoña
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo pretende llevar a cabo un estudio del programa iconográfico realizado por el pintor lorquino Pedro Camacho Felizes de Alisén para la casa-palacio de los Guevara, situado en la ciudad de Lorca, para su sala del estrado; una veintena de lienzos de temática devocional, virtuosa y eminentemente femenina para un lugar de la vivienda reservado a la vida de las mujeres, cuyo análisis puede arrojar luz a la hora de comprender cómo era la educación de las nobles doncellas y lasvirtudes que debían encarnar en los albores del siglo XVIII en España.

The present work tries to carry out a study of the iconographical program depicted by Pedro Camacho Felizes de Alisén in the Guevara's palace, located in the city of Lorca, for its 'sala del estrado'; the analysis of twenty devotional, virtuous and with eminently feminine themes canvases, placed in a room reserved for women's daily lives, can shed light on the understanding of noble maiden’s education and the virtues that they were to incarnate at the dawn of the eighteenth century in Spain.
Pædagogik og teknologi
Authors: Redaktion FPPU
Published: April 2021

Redaktionelt forord
“Deafening silence of theologians” vs. creative local parishes during the Corona pandemic?
Authors: Nötzold Katharina
Published: April 2021

21 million Germans belong to the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD). This report will highlight initial official theological reactions of the EKD to the Corona pandemic. The Protestant Church faced widespread criticism from prominent figures for its handling of the pandemic. This papers gives an overview of the major objections and it looks at how the EKD and its representatives reacted to it. Yet this report also looks at the numerous resourceful initiatives of churches to react in creative formats to social distancing measures issued by the German Länder and/or the federal government. In sum, Covid-19 has had a huge impact on each congregation – as a community and for individual believers but also on the self-perception of the Protestant Church and its social relevance in an increasingly secularised society.
Identification of a five-gene signature in association with overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Lei , Yin Weilong , Liu Xuechen , Li Fangcun , Ma Li , Wang Dong , Li Hongxing
Published: April 2021

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered to be a malignant tumor with a high incidence and a high mortality. Accurate prognostic models are urgently needed. The present study was aimed at screening the critical genes for prognosis of HCC.

Methods

The GSE25097, GSE14520, GSE36376 and GSE76427 datasets were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We used GEO2R to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A protein-protein interaction network of the DEGs was constructed by Cytoscape in order to find hub genes by module analysis. The Metascape was performed to discover biological functions and pathway enrichment of DEGs. MCODE components were calculated to construct a module complex of DEGs. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used for gene enrichment analysis. ONCOMINE was employed to assess the mRNA expression levels of key genes in HCC, and the survival analysis was conducted using the array from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) of HCC. Then, the LASSO Cox regression model was performed to establish and identify the prognostic gene signature. We validated the prognostic value of the gene signature in the TCGA cohort.

Results

We screened out 10 hub genes which were all up-regulated in HCC tissue. They mainly enrich in mitotic cell cycle process. The GSEA results showed that these data sets had good enrichment score and significance in the cell cycle pathway. Each candidate gene may be an indicator of prognostic factors in the development of HCC. However, hub genes expression was weekly associated with overall survival in HCC patients. LASSO Cox regression analysis validated a five-gene signature (including CDC20, CCNB2, NCAPG, ASPM and NUSAP1). These results suggest that five-gene signature model may provide clues for clinical prognostic biomarker of HCC.
Recent Developments and Novel Applications of Laser Shock Peening: A Review
Authors: Zhang Chaoyi , Dong Yalin , Ye Chang
Published: April 2021

By inducing work hardening and beneficial compressive residual stresses in near‐surface regions, laser shock peening (LSP) improves the fatigue performance of many metallic components. In recent years, LSP has found many new applications in emerging fields: additive manufacturing, ceramics, and metallic glasses. In addition, innovative process development based on LSP has been reported, which includes warm LSP, cryogenic LSP, electropulsing‐assisted LSP, laser peening without coating, femotosecond LSP, and laser peen forming. Herein, a comprehensive review of the LSP process with a focus on the novel applications and innovative process development is aimed for. The history of LSP with key events is briefly reviewed. The fundamental mechanisms of LSP, including the generation of shockwaves by a high‐energy pulsed laser, the generation of compressive residual stresses by the shockwave, and its effect on crack propagation, and how LSP induces grain refinement are also discussed. The effects of compressive residual stresses and grain refinement on the mechanical properties of metallic materials are reviewed. Recent developments in LSP, such as innovative process development based on LSP and its novel applications, are discussed. Finally, the current challenges the LSP technology faces and its future directions are also discussed.
Catalyst‐Free Growth of Atomically Thin Bi2O2Se Nanoribbons for High‐Performance Electronics and Optoelectronics
Authors: Khan Usman , Tang Lei , Ding Baofu , Yuting Luo , Feng Simin , Chen Wenjun , Khan Muhammad Jahangir , Liu Bilu , Cheng Hui‐Ming
Published: April 2021

1D materials have attracted significant research interest due to their unique quantum confinement effects and edge‐related properties. Atomically thin 1D nanoribbons are particularly interesting because it is a valuable platform with the physical limits of both thickness and width. Here, a catalyst‐free growth method is developed and the growth of Bi2O2Se nanostructures with tunable dimensionality is achieved. Significantly, Bi2O2Se nanoribbons with a thickness down to 0.65 nm, corresponding to a monolayer, are successfully grown for the first time. Electrical and optoelectronic measurements show that Bi2O2Se nanoribbons possess decent performance in terms of mobility, on/off ratio, and photoresponsivity, suggesting their promise for devices. This work not only reports a new method for the growth of atomically thin nanoribbons but also provides a platform to study properties and applications of such nanoribbon materials at a thickness limit.
Ir(NHC)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Alkylated Alcohols via Borrowing Hydrogen Strategy: Influence of Bimetallic Structure
Authors: Sung Kihyuk , Lee Mi‐hyun , Cheong Yeon‐Joo , Kim Yu Kwon , Yu Sungju , Jang Hye‐Young
Published: April 2021

MultiN‐heterocyclic carbene(NHC)‐modified iridium catalysts were employed in the β‐alkylation of alcohols; dimerization of primary alcohols (Guerbet reaction), cross‐coupling of secondary and primary alcohols, and intramolecular cyclization of alcohols. Mechanistic studies of Guerbet reaction, including kinetic experiments, mass analysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation, were employed to explain the fast reaction promoted by bimetallic catalysts, and the dramatic reactivity increase of monometallic catalysts at the late stage of the reaction.

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A Mild Method for Access to α‐Substituted Dithiomalonates through C‐Thiocarbonylation of Thioester: Synthesis of Mesoionic Insecticides
Authors: Yang Xinyue , Ma Yanrong , Di Huiming , Wang Xiaochen , Jin Hui , Ryu Do Hyun , Zhang Lixin
Published: April 2021

An efficient method for targeting a variety of symmetrical and asymmetrical α‐substituted dithiomalonates (DTMs) is described, utilizing 1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbothioates as reactive acylating agents and MgBr2⋅OEt2/DBU or LiHMDS for soft or hard enolization conditions of thioesters, respectively. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated through the synthesis of the pyridopyrimidine mesoionic insecticides: triflumezopyrim and dicloromezotiaz.

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