bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I’m Washing My Dishes and Making a Movie”
Authors: Gouws Anjo-marí
Published: November 2020

Anne Charlotte Robertson’s Five Year Diary (UK, 1982) is a multimodal project that comprises cinematic, written, audio, and food diaries that span almost forty years of the artist’s life. This article focuses on how gendered labor gets taken up in the diary project and contrasts it to the elision of gendered labor found in Stan Brakhage’s lyrical film Star Garden (US, 1974). The article charts two types of gendered labor Robertson engages in over the course of the project. First, as a document that tracks Robertson’s weight loss, a form of labor that she presents in a register of repetitious drudgery that inevitably ends in failure. Close readings of Robertson’s engagement with diet and exercise are considered within the larger genealogy of women presenting their bodies for measurement in second-wave feminist art. This form of gendered labor is in stark contrast to the second important form found in Five Year Diary, that of work located in the domestic realm. Presented in a decidedly different register of repetition, one rooted in joy, Robertson’s time-lapse and stop-motion sequences record her efforts at cooking and cleaning, relying on time-lapse’s transformative quality to use domestic labor as a form of world-making. At odds with the way the domestic realm is presented by the women’s movement as what keeps women captive in a never-ending cycle of repetitive, meaningless work, the essay argues that Robertson records her domestic labor as not just a means to an end but an aesthetic object in itself.
Promoting the Image of Gender Equality in Swedish Film as the 2020 Deadline Expires
Authors: Ryberg Ingrid
Published: November 2020

This article provides a critical discussion of the world-famous, much-celebrated gender equality work in the Swedish film industry. Since the Swedish Film Institute launched a program for gender equality in 2013, redesigned in 2016 as the action plan 50/50 by 2020, Sweden has been held up as a model country and the Film Institute’s CEO Anna Serner has held several widely publicized seminars in Cannes and elsewhere. This article aims to contextualize the Swedish case, as influential curators, jury chairs, and festival directors around the globe have signed the 50/50 by 2020 campaign with no evidence of its primary goal of dividing production support evenly between men and women by 2020 being within reach. I show that the notion of Sweden as an egalitarian haven obscures remaining injustices, norms, and, not least, the equality program’s lack of intersectional analysis. Unraveling “the myth of gender equality” in Swedish film, this essay shows how this myth operates in the context of Swedish foreign policy and self-promotion in the neoliberal present. As much as the current mobilization for change is worth applauding, I argue that it is crucial to critically examine actual measures and push for redistributive results beyond symbolic commitment, individual recognition, and positive publicity.
Chromium-Catalyzed Ligand-Free Amidation of Esters with Anilines
Authors: Chen Changpeng , Ling Liang , Luo Meiming , Zeng Xiaoming
Published: November 2020

Amides are important structural motifs in pharmaceutical and agrochemical chemistry because of the intriguing biological active properties. We report here the amidation of commercially available esters with anilines that was promoted by low-cost and air-stable chromium(III) pre-catalyst combined with magnesium, providing access to amides. This reaction occurs without the use of external ligands in a simple operation. Mechanistic studies indicate that a reactive aminated Cr species responsible for the amidation can be considered, which may be formed by reaction of low-valent Cr with aniline followed by reduction with hydrogen evolution.
Potential role of imaging for assessing acute pancreatitis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Wang Yi , Liu Kaixiang , Xie Xisheng , Song Bin
Published: November 2020

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of acute pancreatitis (AP) that is associated with increased mortality. Conventional assessment of AKI is based on changes in serum creatinine concentration and urinary output. However, these examinations have limited accuracy and sensitivity for the diagnosis of early-stage AKI. This review summarizes current evidence on the use of advanced imaging approaches and artificial intelligence (AI) for the early prediction and diagnosis of AKI in patients with AP. CT scores, CT post-processing technology, Doppler ultrasound, and AI technology provide increasingly valuable information for the diagnosis of AP-induced AKI. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) also has potential for the evaluation of AP-induced AKI. For the accurate diagnosis of early-stage AP-induced AKI, more studies are needed that use these new techniques and that use AI in combination with advanced imaging technologies.
Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) unusual clinical presentation and unique radiological findings
Authors: Khader Mohammed , Alyafei Tahiya , Ibrahim Sulafa , Elaiwy Orwa
Published: November 2020

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) are rare soft tissue mesenchymal neoplasms that commonly affect children and young adults. They are classified as “intermediate tumours of uncertain differentiation”. We present a case of an 8-year-old child with a left thigh AFH and antecedent history of minor trauma showing perilesional oedema and enhancement at MRI, leading to an initial working diagnosis of infected haematoma that contributed to the challenge in reaching the final diagnosis. Although most of the imaging features of AFH previously described in the literature are demonstrated in this case, the presence of arterial vascular channels within the tumour and feeding branch from the left profunda femoris artery is unusual and to our knowledge the first to be published in the literature.
Influence of the exomass on the detection of simulated root fracture in cone-beam ct – an ex-vivo study
Authors: Candemil Amanda Pelegrin , Mangione Francesca , Vasconcelos Karla Farias , Oenning Anne Caroline , Jacobs Reinhilde , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Haiter-Neto Francisco , Salmon Benjamin , Oliveira Matheus Lima
Published: November 2020

Objectives:

To evaluate the influence of exomass-related metal artefacts on the detection of simulated vertical root fracture (VRF) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods:

Twenty teeth were endodontically instrumented and VRF was induced in half of them. All teeth were individually placed in an empty socket of a human mandible. Metallic materials were differently arranged in the exomass [zone outside of the field of view (FOV) but between the X-ray source and the receptor] and/or endomass (zone inside of the FOV), and CBCT scans were obtained. Four radiologists evaluated the presence of VRF using a 5-point scale. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) were compared using ANOVA. Also, the tooth of interest was replaced with a tube filled with a radiopaque solution and all CBCT scans were repeated to analyse the data objectively. Mean grey and noise values were obtained from the tube and compared using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results:

Mean grey values were significantly lower and noise was significantly higher when metallic materials were present in the endomass or both the exomass and endomass. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were not influenced by the artefacts from the metallic materials irrespective of the arrangement condition.

Conclusions:

Exomass-related metal artefacts did not influence the diagnosis of simulated VRF in CBCT.
Legislation in the Field of Education As a Source of Pedagogical Support for Gifted Children
Authors: Nikitina E.
Published: November 2020

The article presents the author's view of the Russian legislation in the field of education, from the point of view of the possibility and necessity of pedagogical support for gifted children. The article analyzes the problems of legal regulation in the education system of such a phenomenon as giftedness. Attention is focused on the need to implement the identification, pedagogical support of gifted children.
USE OF SUCROSE AND MANNITOL FOR DIFFERENTIATION OF FLAX GENOTYPES BY RESISTANCE TO OSMOTIC STRESS
Authors: Vinogradova Elena
Published: November 2020

The studies were carried out with the aim of studying the effect of various concentrations of sucrose and mannitol on seeds, immature embryos, and callus cultures of flax to develop a method for obtaining genotypes resistant to osmotic stress. The work was carried out in the Tver region in the laboratory of breeding technologies in 2017–2019. Flax varieties Barbara, Belinka, LM-98, Aurore, Tverskoy, Svetoch, Diplomat, Symfonia were used as objects of research. The seeds were obtained from the National Flax Collection of the Federal Scientific Center for Bast Crops. The effect of sucrose solution on the length of the primary root was detected at concentrations - 0; 8.7; 14.9%. To assess the germination energy of seeds under osmotic stress, the concentration of sucrose was reduced and the range 0 (control) ... 9% was considered. Immature embryos removed from the capsules on the 10th day after pollination were cultivated on MS medium with sucrose, as a selective agent, at a concentration of 5.0 ... 7.0%. Callus tissues were cultured using mannitol as an osmotic at concentrations of 0; 30.0; 36.4; 37.0; 37.4; 38.0 mg/l. Concentrations of 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0% of sucrose can be used as an osmotic differentiator for seeds (10 ... 80% of seeds germinated in the Belinka variety, 80 ... 100% in the Varbara variety, 80 ... 90% in the variety LM-98). Sucrose, as a selective agent, in a culture of immature flax embryos in vitro at a concentration of 5.0 ... 7.0% can be selective only for certain genotypes, for example, the Aurore variety. The selection of resistant callus cells, followed by the formation of adventive buds and shoots in the meristematic foci, can be carried out on media containing 30.0 or 36.4 mg / L of osmosis, which allows obtaining morphogenic callus, buds, shoots in all studied genotypes, as well as in the Aurore variety 1.1 ... 1.2 byp./callus, in the Tverskoy variety - 0.6 ... 0.8, in the Barbara variety - 1.0 ...1.1
BIOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF REDUCTION OF Y-VIRUS REINFECTION DURING REPRODUCTION OF SEED POTATO WITH A LOW DEGREE OF INFECTION
Authors: Zamalieva Faniya
Published: November 2020

The studies were carried out with the aim of biological substantiation of a decrease in Y-virus reinfection during the reproduction of seed potatoes with a low degree of infection. The experiments were carried out in 2001-2006 in Laishevskiy district of the Republic of Tatarstan. In 2001-2003 and 2002-2004 the total vector activity of aphids for three years was 393 and 310 equivalent units, respectively, the degree of infestation at the final stage reached 45.8 and 20.8%. In 2003-2005 and 2004-2006 the total vector activity of aphids for three years was higher than in previous cycles by 2.0 ... 2.5 times (785 and 610 equivalent units, respectively), but the degree of infestation at the final stage was only 4.1% and 1, 7%. For the first time, a calculation formula was obtained and the distances between diseased potato plants were specified, depending on the degree of contamination of the seed material. With a planting density of 55 thousand

plants/ha, the formula takes the following form: , where у is the distance between infected plants, meter;

х is the degree of infection with the virus (х > 0), %. The relationship between the degree of planting infestation and the distance between diseased plants is inversely proportional, graphically it is a hyperbole. The dynamics of changes in the distance between infected plants was traced with a decrease in infection from 100% to close to zero values. It was revealed that the 1% level of infection is critical. With an increase in infestation from 1 to 100%, the distance between diseased plants decreases from 4.26 to 0.42 m, which is a small distance for winged aphids to overcome. A decrease in infestation from 1% to close to zero value may lead to an increase in the distance between diseased plants from 4.26 m to theoretically infinite. Seed material, with close to zero infection, is safe to reproduce for a long time without the risk of rapid reinfection, due to the significant distance for vectors between sources of infection and a decrease in the participation of most aphids in the transmission of viruses. The results obtained formed the basis for the potato seed-growing system and the technology for protecting seed potatoes from reinfection with the Y-virus in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE STRATEGY FOR CRUSHING EQUIPMENT
Authors: Gimaltdinov Il'dus , Ziganshin Bulat , Galiev Ilgiz , Dmitriev Andrey , Muhametshin Al'bert , Gricenko Aleksandr
Published: November 2020

The research was carried out in order to develop a mathematical model and a diagnostic complex to determine the residual life of the rotor bearings of hammer crushers. Residual life information is essential for proactive maintenance and to prevent equipment crashes. To achieve this goal, Kazan State Agrarian University (Republic of Tatarstan) carried out calibration studies of the dependence of the diagnostic parameters of vibration on the value of the radial clearances of the bearings. 3610 bearings with different radial clearances (0.02 mm, 0.08 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.27 mm) were alternately installed on the rotor of the KD-2 hammer mill, from the drive pulley side and from the fan side) and recorded the vibration parameters. The information was read using a piezoelectric sensor. Signal processing was performed using a VVM-201 vibrometer. The results of mathematical processing of these data are presented in earlier publications. To determine the change in the value of the radial clearance from the operating time in hours, retrospective studies were carried out directly in the agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan: “Shaimurzinskoe agricultural enterprise named after A.Sh. Abdreev” of Drozhzhanovskiy region, JSC “Kiyatskoe”of Buinskiy region, the agricultural production complex “Ural”of Kukmorskiy region, etc. The average operating time of the bearings of the rotor of the hammer-type KD-2 forage grinder before the onset of a pre-failure state on the drive side was 1900 ... 2000 hours, on the fan side - 2000 ... 2100 h. Based on the results of the research, the values of the radial clearances and vibration parameters of the rolling bearings of the rotor of hammer crushers were experimentally established, the regularities of the change in the radial clearance of the rolling bearings of the rotor of hammer crushers were revealed depending on the operating time. The developed mathematical models for determining the radial clearance in the rotor bearings of the hammer crusher by vibration parameters and calculating the residual life are implemented in a diagnostic complex consisting of a commercially available VVM-201 vibrometer and a residual life attachment
CÍRCULO, TOPOGRAFÍA Y TIEMPO: UNA REFLEXIÓN SOBRE UNA SECUENCIA FORMAL. DEL CENTRO DE RESTAURACIONES ARTÍSTICAS DE MADRID, 1961, A LA CIUDAD DEL FLAMENCO, 2004
Authors: Grijalba Bengoetxea Julio , Grijalba Bengoetxea Alberto , Rodríguez Andrés Jairo
Published: November 2020

En enero de 2004 el estudio SANAA participó en el concurso de la Ciudad del Flamenco de Jerez y sorprendió con una propuesta estricta, sin concesiones y de una factura que se autoimponía unos objetivos y una iconografía esencializados. Se trataba de un proyecto que hacía de la topografía su tarea rectora. Con el paso del tiempo, quizá hoy estamos en mejores condiciones para entender lo que proyectos de esta naturaleza han supuesto en el panorama de la arquitectura nacional desde los años 60 del pasado siglo. El artículo se fundamenta y profundiza en el sentido que autores como George Kubler otorgan a la idea de “serie” en la configuración y el devenir del tiempo. Se ha delimitado un periodo temporal muy concreto en el que se recorren desde conceptos geométricos, como el círculo, tridimensionales, como la topografía, o la misma idea del transcurrir del tiempo, en un conjunto de proyectos interdisciplinares que van desde la temprana propuesta de Higueras y Moneo para el Centro de Restauraciones Artísticas en 1961, al Pabellón de España de Higueras para NY 64, pasando por la propuesta de Fullaondo y Manterola para el Palacio de Exposiciones de Madrid del mismo año, hasta incluir la singular escenografía de Sad Hill de 1966.
LA PLATAFORMA DE ANNA Y LAWRENCE HALPRIN, UN SUELO PARA EL NACIMIENTO DE LA DANZA CONTEMPORÁNEA
Authors: Aguilar Alejandre María
Published: November 2020

En 1953 la pareja formada por la bailarina de vanguardia Anna Halprin y el arquitecto paisajista Lawrence Halprin, construyen junto a su vivienda a las afueras de San Francisco una plataforma de madera para la práctica y la experimentación coreográfica. Se trata de uno de los primeros proyectos en la trayectoria de los Halprin, y en los ámbitos interdisciplinares en general, donde los campos de la danza y la arquitectura entran en una fuerte interconexión. En concreto, esta simbiosis cobra especial importancia desde el punto de vista del trabajo con el suelo y la gravedad. Este artículo aborda tres aspectos fundamentales de esta obra de dimensiones reducidas, pero de implicaciones máximas. Estos son: la condición colaborativa e interdisciplinar del proyecto, su construcción material y paisajística y, por último, su trascendencia en la historia de la danza contemporánea.
APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Authors: Efimova Olga , Makeeva Elena , Dmitrieva Elizaveta
Published: November 2020

The world economy as an integrated system has limited growth limits, natural resources are limited, so a new concept of sustainable economic development has emerged, based on a balance of the economy, social goals and ecology. Sustainable development is the development of the country's economy and the global system in which current needs are met without compromising future opportunities. The rapid development of transport infrastructure creates the prerequisites for the sustainable development of centers of macro and microeconomic growth and helps to reveal their potential in the future.

The article considers the role of transport as an additional priority for sustainable development at the macro level and the types / functions of connectivity of economic growth centers in the sectoral and regional aspects.

In turn, the concept of sustainable development of the transport system involves taking into account the features of the transport system as an object of increased danger and a high degree of influence on the main priorities of sustainable development (economic growth, social system and ecology) of the macroeconomics. It was noted that, on the one hand, the transport system, being part of the country's macroeconomic system, affects the priorities of its sustainable development, and on the other hand, has independent priorities for sustainable development in the field of economic growth and efficiency, social potential and environmental aspects, including issues of ensuring security.
THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC, DEMOGRAPHIC, AND INFRASTRUCTURAL FACTORS ON INCOME INEQUALITY AND POVERTY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Groznykh Rogneda , Ignatieva Elena , Mariev Oleg , Serkova Alla
Published: November 2020

The prime objective of the research is to examine the factors influencing both the alteration in the income distribution and the relative change in the incidence of poverty in the regions of Russia. The list of the identified factors/determinants includes economic, demographic, and infrastructural factors. An econometric model, indicating the relationship between the explanatory variables with both the income inequality index and the relative poverty proportions in Russian regions has been provided in this article. The determinants that cause variations in the income inequality and poverty of a country such as social mobility, average life expectancy of urban women, life expectancy of rural men, the number of university graduates, etc. have also been specified in this study. The analysis was executed based on a dataset of 72 Russian regions for the period between 2012-2017.
OPTIMIZATION OF LOGISTICS PROCESS IN CONTEXT OF SMART LOGISTICS BY USING COMPUTER SIMULATION – CASE STUDY
Authors: Grznár Patrik , Gregor Milan , Mozol Štefan , Schickerle Marek , Vavrík Vladimír , Mozolová Lucia
Published: November 2020

In the conditions of shipment processing it is important to observe the timetable of dispatch in which the entire processing process is going on. Each element of the processing system is important and it is linked with others by time. This means that the delay of one element causes an avalanche effect. The use of computer simulation helps in optimizing processing processes as a whole. This helps to detect regularities and bottlenecks that have been previously overlooked. The concept of Smart Logistics as part of the Smart Factory using simulation as a tool to estimate the future behaviour of the system. The article describes its own system for determining the number of staff to perform the required activities within the processing process. On the basis of the actual number of shipments, the arrival times and the processing system data, a solution can be described using a simulation tool to determine the number of workers. The simulation helps us to design the number of workers so that they observe the times of truck departures from the processing depot. This guarantees compliance with the timetable at minimum labour costs.
PERSPECTIVES AND INTEGRATION OF BICYCLE TRANSPORT IN SOFIA, BULGARIA
Authors: Arnaudov Borislav
Published: November 2020

Public transport is an important element of sustainable development that incorporates responsiveness towards the need for mobility by the population within the framework of the urban transit system. As a part of the public transportation system, bicycle transport, with its environmental aspect, is the bedrock of the idea for accessible public services. This study provides core parameters for the assessment of social and environmental dimensions in order to further develop bicycle transport. It also itemizes the principles that need to be followed with the aim of social and economic sustainability. As a form of transportation in an urban environment, the bicycle traffic, its share and distribution of trips, obstacles and challenges encountered by cyclists in the city, trends and prevalent issues related to the current conditions of cycling infrastructure in Sofia, Bulgaria, were analyzed. In a nutshell, the report delivers a compiled group of suggestions on opportunities that may help to increase the functional efficiency of cycling as part of the transportation system of Sofia, in both, the social and environmental sense.
ACNE PREVALENCE, AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION AMONG YOUNG POPULATION
Authors: Šniepienė Gražina , Jankauskienė Rita
Published: November 2020

Background. Acne is a very common dermatological condition, very few studies have been done regarding the knowledge, beliefs, and perceptions about the various treatment modalities and causative factors (nutrition, medication, cosmetics, pollutants, psychological and lifestyle factors and etc.) of acne.

Methods. A quantitative written survey was performed. Survey sample – 451 young people 18-34 years old. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, calculated percentage frequencies, mean and standard deviation (SD), Pearson’s Chi Square test was used to detect statistically significant differences and correlation analysis was performed using the Spearman correlation.

Results. The study shows that acne affects 49.9% of the surveyed young people. The prevalence of acne depends on the type of skin, tendency to have skin imperfections and genetic factors. Awareness and perception of skin care, factors affecting the occurrence of acne, and treatments used do not depend on the age of respondents.

Conclusions. Young people lack professional knowledge of acne, skin care, and acne-provoking factors. They should take care of themselves, choose the right information from reliable sources and seek the help of specialists. Identifying the negative exogenous and endogenous factors and thus reducing their impact are mandatory for an adequate acne management.
CHANGES IN THE INTENSITY OF FREE RADICAL LIPID OXIDATION IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA WITH CONCOMITANT CHRONIC NON-CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS
Authors: Dudka Tetiana , Mandryk Olha , Rachynska Ivanna , Rachynska Ivanna , Marfiuk Zakhar
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: The incidence rate of chronic non-calculous cholecystitis (CNCC) in the population is 35-38%, and in elderly patients it reaches to 65-72%. Free radical lipid oxidation (FRLO) plays a significant role in the development and progression of bronchial asthma (BA). The initiators of FRLO excessive activation can be the following: hypoxia, inflammation, immune damage to membranes and the imperfection of the antioxidant defense.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the intensity of FRLO processes in patients with BA and comorbid CNCC, and patients with BA and CNCC each without any comorbidities..

METHODS: The study was performed on 92 patients: 30 patients with BA (group 1), 30 patients with BA and comorbid CNCC (group 2), and 32 patients with CNCC (group 3). The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy persons (PHP). The number of compounds with isolated double bonds (IDB), diene conjugates (DC), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (K/CT), and malonic aldehyde (MA) in erythrocytes and blood plasma were determined.

RESULTS: In groups 1, 2, and 3, the content of IDB was higher in comparison with PHP by 1.4, 1.7, and 1.6 times respectively. In group 1, plasma K/CT was 12.0% higher, and DC was 1.5 times higher compared to the PHP group. In group 2, DC and K/CT were higher by 1.7 times and by 21.7% as compared with PHP. In group 1, plasma MA and red blood cell MA were higher by 18.0% and 29.8%. The highest content of plasma MA and red blood cell MA in group 2 of patients was 69.8% and 54.3% respectively. In group 3, plasma MA was 34.7% higher, and red blood cell MA was 44.4% higher compared to the normal values.

CONCLUSIONS: Intensification of FRLO processes leads to disruption of microcirculation and metabolic processes in the bronchial epithelium, supports local inflammatory process in the gallbladder and bronchi and promotes inhibition of tissue respiration with increased tissue hypoxia, which, in turn, leads to the progression of broncho-obstruction.
DASHCAM AS A DEVICE TO INCREASE THE ROAD SAFETY LEVEL
Authors: Adamová Veronika
Published: November 2020

In recent years, there has been a huge boom in the market in terms of both supply and demand for dashcams. This stems from the purpose of the camera installed in the vehicle. Dashcams are currently becoming an important aid in solving various adverse incidents, such as detecting violations of traffic regulations and other laws and recording and clarifying the course of a traffic accident or other criminologically relevant event. The purpose of this camera is to monitor the space in front and behind the vehicle, or the situation inside the vehicle. The content of this article is aimed at acquainting the reader with basic information about dashcams. Specifically, the individual parts of the article will discuss the importance and significance of the dashcams, the benefits of its use, and the legislative framework that regulates its use. The paper will conclude with a brief overview of innovative approaches based on the application of a dashcam for the purpose of increasing the level of safety of road users while driving a vehicle.
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AS PART OF THE STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT STYLE IN THE PRE-HIGH EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN ALBANIA
Authors: Kallciu Nada , Cakaj Rovena , Papa Bruna
Published: November 2020

In today’s modern world, emotional intelligence (EI) has a strong connection in the work environment and it is considered to be one of the key factors in the well-functioning of institutions, especially of educational ones.

The main aim of this study is to identify, whether the directors of the schools of the pre-high educational system in Albania are aware of the concept of emotional intelligence, are trained and if they implement it in their leading style, in order to achieve an overall success in schools. The study also aims to identify the differences between new and senior principals in using EI.

The research methodology is quantitative, 183 questionnaires were filled in by teachers in 11 different schools of the pre high educational institutions in Tirana.

The instrument used consists of 40 standard statements that cover all five characteristics of the emotional intelligence: self-awareness, self-control, motivation, empathy and social skills, by analyzing the level of agreement in a 1-5 Likert scale.

The study has shown that principals and teachers of the pre high educational system in Albania have no knowledge on emotional intelligence and as a result they do not implement it. The principals do possess some elements of emotional intelligence as a part of their soft skills, but they are not aware of them and do not use them in increasing the teachers’ work satisfaction.

Also, there is no difference in the usage of emotional intelligence between young and senior principals, apart from the fact that the seniors have better developed soft skills. This would help them to come closer to the characteristics of emotional intelligence.

The results of the study imply some recommendations for policy makers, school’s principals and mentor teachers in increasing the use of emotional intelligence in the pre high educational system in Albania. The results confirm the necessity to train the principals about the latest news in the field of education, ethics, communication and leadership with a focus on raising leadership within the focus of Emotional Intelligence. The ministry of Education, Sport and Youth should design policies for the professional development of leaders and teachers in accordance with new management strategies such as emotional intelligence.
USAGE OF 3D TECHNOLOGIES IN STEREOMETRY TRAINING
Authors: Lebamovski Penio , Petkov Emiliyan
Published: November 2020

StereoMV is a part of а dissertation on a topic "Stereoscopic Training System". The main purpose of the stereo system is to facilitate learning of the concepts of stereometry. The system is the author’s and offers a new approach for generating geometric bodies. The boundary method is used for creating the figures, which is based on the method of the boundaries of Isaac Newton and the "Indivisible" of the Italian mathematician Bonaventura Cavalieri. The study shows how by using 3D technologies such as virtual reality and 3D printing, the process of teaching in stereometry classes will be significantly facilitated. The report presents a comparative analysis of the existing and new way of creating a regular polygon. The graphics can be presented in two ways, namely: solid and transparent. The stereo system provides an opportunity for converting from solid to transparent. The 3D model depends on its geometry and appearance. Geometry means mathematical description and the appearance is defined by the: material, texture, light and transparency. After creating the stereometric figure, the system enables it to be converted to .obj file (mesh).
UNESCO AND ITS FINANCIAL STABILITY AFTER MEMBERSHIP CHANGES
Authors: Moška Marek , Plavčan Peter
Published: November 2020

The paper presents an overview of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) describing the current standing of this important international organization in terms of its global competences and performance of specialized activities in the fields of culture, cultural heritage, education, science, scientific cooperation and other areas based on international documents.

The paper describes the origin and development of UNESCO and the international documents adopted to regulate its standing and operations. It deals in more detail with the historical establishment and development of this global organization and its activities based on international documents such as the United Nations Charter and the UNESCO Constitution. It compares the long-term objectives of the organization concerning respect for human rights, justice and democracy and the arguments of current and former Member States concerning their fulfilment.

The paper also considers the organization’s financial mechanism with special regard for the issue of Member States’ membership fees. In addition to the current state of UNESCO funding, it considers the possible impacts on its activities following membership changes and the withdrawal of some states from the organization and the subsequent decrease in the available funding for its activities.
THE COMPARISON OF PIRLS, TIMSS, AND PISA EDUCATIONAL RESULTS IN MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Plavčan Peter
Published: November 2020

The PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study), TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study), and PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) have become gold standards for the international comparison of children’s performances, when aged 10 and 15 years.

This paper focuses on secondary analysis of basic statistical indicators on reading literacy (PIRLS), as well as the mathematics and scientific literacy (TIMSS) of pupils at 10 years of age, followed by their reading, mathematics and scientific literacy at 15 years of age (PISA). It compares the pupils’ main educational results in PIRLS and TIMSS with their PSA results. PIRLS, TIMSS, and PISA help to identify key problems within pupils’ educational levels in these selected literacies and create effective educational policy measures.

One aspect of the comparison within the research paper is the aggregate indicator; this is the arithmetic mean of PIRLS and TIMSS results, using pupils’ PIRLS results from 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016, and TIMSS results from 2007, 2011 and 2015. The other aspect of the comparison is the aggregate indicator; which is the arithmetic mean of pupils’ PISA results for 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015. A significant relationship was found to exist between the arithmetic mean of pupils’ PIRLS, TIMSS, and PISA results.

Political and professional policy decisions within schooling affect the early years of pupils’ school attendance. This has a significant impact on their future education at all levels of schooling. The findings of this paper support a hypothesis regarding the effects of pupils’ educational performance and the need for measures to improve education in schools that should be adopted on an ongoing basis.
Teaching student nurses during a pandemic
Authors: Alguacil Milagrosa Olmedo , Díaz Concepción Capilla
Published: November 2020

Milagrosa Olmedo Alguacil, Dean, and Concepción Capilla Díaz, Assistant Professor, both at the University of Granad Faculty of Health Sciences, discuss nursing education
Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) inclusion in nursing services: a reflective case study from stoma care
Authors: Chandler Pip
Published: November 2020

Speaking with a female patient and her same-sex partner about their experiences of colorectal cancer and ileostomy surgery led to reflection on how specialist nursing care could be made more inclusive of the needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. The LGBT community includes people who are attracted to the same sex and/or identify as a different gender to the one they were assigned at birth. LGBT people in the UK have experienced a long history of discrimination and only begun to win legal protections over the past two decades, an experience that still affects the older generation especially. Compared with the general population, LGBT people are more likely to report poor health status, experience mental health issues and engage in risky behaviours; however, many are reluctant to attend healthcare services due to fear of discrimination. UK LGBT rights charity charity Stonewall surveys have revealed some discriminatory attitudes and widespread unconscious bias among health and social care staff. For health professionals, it can be a challenge to use the correct terminology to avoid causing offen ce, and there is a largely unmet need for inclusion training to improve their understanding and confidence to speak with patients about sexual preference and gender identity. However, confident LGBT inclusivity can be achieved with simple communication skills, such as equal treatment for same-sex partners, acknowledgement of post-transition names and pronouns and discretion in documentation, as well as awareness of verbal and non-verbal cues. Clinic environments can be made more LGBT-friendly with gender-neutral toilets, as well as wearable LGBT symbols, inclusive imagery and posters and literature that promotes LGBT rights, inclusion and support groups. Specialist nurses can act as role models and advocates for LGBT patients and colleagues in their area through small but impactful actions.
A pilot study demonstrating the identification of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense in vectors using a multiplexed high-resolution melt qPCR
Authors: Garrod Gala , Adams Emily R. , Lingley Jessica K. , Saldanha Isabel , Torr Stephen J. , Cunningham Lucas J.
Published: November 2020

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a potentially fatal parasitic infection caused by the trypanosome sub-species Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense transmitted by tsetse flies. Currently, global HAT case numbers are reaching less than 1 case per 10,000 people in many disease foci. As such, there is a need for simple screening tools and strategies to replace active screening of the human population which can be maintained post-elimination for Gambian HAT and long-term for Rhodesian HAT. Here, we describe the proof of principle application of a novel high-resolution melt assay for the xenomonitoring of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense in tsetse. Both novel and previously described primers which target species-specific single copy genes were used as part of a multiplex qPCR. An additional primer set was included in the multiplex to determine if samples had sufficient genomic material for detecting genes present in low copy number. The assay was evaluated on 96 wild-caught tsetse previously identified to be positive for T. brucei s. l. of which two were known to be positive for T. b. rhodesiense. The assay was found to be highly specific with no cross-reactivity with non-target trypanosome species and the assay limit of detection was 104 tryps/mL. The qPCR successfully identified three T. b. rhodesiense positive flies, in agreement with the reference species-specific PCRs. This assay provides an alternative to running multiple PCRs when screening for pathogenic sub-species of T. brucei s. l. and produces results in less than 2 hours, avoiding gel electrophoresis and subjective analysis. This method could provide a component of a simple and efficient method of screening large numbers of tsetse flies in known HAT foci or in areas at risk of recrudescence or threatened by the changing distribution of both forms of HAT.
Mass administration of medicines in changing contexts: Acceptability, adaptability and community directed approaches in Kaduna and Ogun States, Nigeria
Authors: Adekeye Oluwatosin , Ozano Kim , Dixon Ruth , Elhassan Elisabeth Osim , Lar Luret , Schmidt Elena , Isiyaku Sunday , Okoko Okefu , Thomson Rachael , Theobald Sally , Dean Laura
Published: November 2020

Nigeria has the highest burden of NTDs in sub-Saharan Africa. Commitments to reach the control and elimination of many Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), particularly those amenable to preventive chemotherapy (onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminths, lymphatic filariasis and trachoma) by 2020 are detailed in the London declaration. Strategies to reach targets build on existing approaches, one of which is the use of community directed intervention (CDI) methods to deliver the mass administration of medicines (MAM). However, treatment using this approach has been inconsistent and there are questions about the acceptability and adaptability of these interventions during periods of programmatic, social, and political change. This paper explores the current strengths and weaknesses of CDI approaches in MAM delivery. We consider the acceptability and adaptability of existing MAM approaches to ensure equity in access to essential treatments. Using qualitative methods, we explore implementer perspectives of MAM delivery. We purposively selected programme implementers to ensure good programmatic knowledge and representation from the different levels of health governance in Nigeria. Data collection took place across two States (Kaduna and Ogun). Our results indicate that CDI approaches have underpinned many historic successes in NTD programme acceptance in Nigeria, specifically in Kaduna and Ogun State. However, our results also show that in some contexts, factors that underpin the success of CDI have become disrupted presenting new challenges for programme implementers. Capturing the tacit knowledge of health implementers at varying levels of the health system, we present the current and changing context of MAM delivery in Kaduna and Ogun States and consolidate a platform of evidence to guide future programme delivery and research studies. We situate our findings within the broader NTD literature, specifically, in identifying how our findings align to existing reviews focused on factors that shape individual acceptance of MAM.
A compression method for DNA
Authors: Du Shengwang , Li Junyi , Bian Naizheng
Published: November 2020

The development of high-throughput sequencing technology has generated huge amounts DNA data. Many general compression algorithms are not ideal for compressing DNA data, such as the LZ77 algorithm. On the basis of Nour and Sharawi’s method,we propose a new, lossless and reference-free method to increase the compression performance. The original sequences are converted into eight intermediate files and six final files. Then, the LZ77 algorithm is used to compress the six final files. The results show that the compression time is decreased by 83% and the decompression time is decreased by 54% on average.The compression rate is almost the same as Nour and Sharawi’s method which is the fastest method so far. What’s more, our method has a wider range of application than Nour and Sharawi’s method. Compared to some very advanced compression tools at present, such as XM and FCM-Mx, the time for compression in our method is much smaller, on average decreasing the time by more than 90%.
Characterisation of 22445 patients attending UK emergency departments with suspected COVID-19 infection: Observational cohort study
Authors: Goodacre Steve , Thomas Ben , Lee Ellen , Sutton Laura , Loban Amanda , Waterhouse Simon , Simmonds Richard , Biggs Katie , Marincowitz Carl , Schutter Jose , Connelly Sarah , Sheldon Elena , Hall Jamie , Young Emma , Bentley Andrew , Challen Kirsty , Fitzsimmons Chris , Harris Tim , Lecky Fiona , Lee Andrew , Maconochie Ian , Walter Darren
Published: November 2020

Background

Hospital emergency departments play a crucial role in the initial assessment and management of suspected COVID-19 infection. This needs to be guided by studies of people presenting with suspected COVID-19, including those admitted and discharged, and those who do not ultimately have COVID-19 confirmed. We aimed to characterise patients attending emergency departments with suspected COVID-19, including subgroups based on sex, ethnicity and COVID-19 test results.

Methods and findings

We undertook a mixed prospective and retrospective observational cohort study in 70 emergency departments across the United Kingdom (UK). We collected presenting data from 22445 people attending with suspected COVID-19 between 26 March 2020 and 28 May 2020. Outcomes were admission to hospital, COVID-19 result, organ support (respiratory, cardiovascular or renal), and death, by record review at 30 days. Mean age was 58.4 years, 11200 (50.4%) were female and 11034 (49.6%) male. Adults (age >16 years) were acutely unwell (median NEWS2 score of 4), frequently had limited performance status (46.9%) and had high rates of admission (67.1%), COVID-19 positivity (31.2%), organ support (9.8%) and death (15.5%). Children had much lower rates of admission (27.4%), COVID-19 positivity (1.2%), organ support (1.4%) and death (0.3%). Similar numbers of men and women presented to the ED, but men were more likely to be admitted (72.9% v 61.4%), require organ support (12.2% v 7.7%) and die (18.2% v 13.0%). Black or Asian adults tended to be younger than White adults (median age 54, 50 and 67 years), were less likely to have impaired performance status (43.1%, 26.8% and 51.6%), be admitted to hospital (60.8%, 57.3%, 69.6%) or die (11.6%, 11.2%, 16.4%), but were more likely to require organ support (15.9%, 14.3%, 8.9%) or have a positive COVID-19 test (40.8%, 42.1%, 30.0%). Adults admitted with suspected and confirmed COVID-19 had similar age, performance status and comorbidities (except chronic lung disease) to those who did not have COVID-19 confirmed, but were much more likely to need organ support (22.2% v 8.9%) or die (32.1% v 15.5%).

Conclusions

Important differences exist between patient groups presenting to the emergency department with suspected COVID-19. Adults and children differ markedly and require different approaches to emergency triage. Admission and adverse outcome rates among adults suggest that policies to avoid unnecessary ED attendance achieved their aim. Subsequent COVID-19 confirmation confers a worse prognosis and greater need for organ support.

Registration

ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN56149622, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN28342533.
Cerumen microbial community shifts between healthy and otitis affected dogs
Authors: Borriello Giorgia , Paradiso Rubina , Catozzi Carlotta , Brunetti Roberta , Roccabianca Paola , Riccardi Marita Georgia , Cecere Bianca , Lecchi Cristina , Fusco Giovanna , Ceciliani Fabrizio , Galiero Giorgio
Published: November 2020

Otitis externa is a common multifactorial disease in dogs, characterized by broad and complex modifications of the ear microbiota. The goal of our study was to describe the ear cerumen microbiota of healthy dogs, within the same animal and between different animals, and to compare the cerumen microbiota of otitis affected dogs with that of healthy animals. The present study included 26 healthy dogs, 16 animals affected by bilateral otitis externa and 4 animals affected by monolateral otitis externa. For each animal cerumen samples from the right and left ear were separately collected with sterile swabs, and processed for DNA extraction and PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. Amplicon libraries were sequenced using an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (PGM), and taxonomical assignment and clustering were performed using QIIME 2 software. Our results indicate that the bacterial community of the cerumen in healthy dogs was characterized by extensive variability, with the most abundant phyla represented by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria. The analysis of both alpha and beta diversity between pairs of left and right ear samples from the same dog within the group of affected animals displayed higher differences than between paired samples across healthy dogs. Moreover we observed reduced bacterial richness in the affected group as compared with controls and increased variability in population structure within otitis affected animals, often associated with the proliferation of a single bacterial taxon over the others. Moreover, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas resulted to be the bacterial genera responsible for most distances between the two groups, in association with differences in the bacterial community structure. The cerumen microbiota in healthy dogs exhibits a complex bacterial population which undergoes significant modifications in otitis affected animals.