bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of COVID-19 on the Sustainability of the Maritime Labour Force
Authors: Arslan Osman
Published: October 2022

Considering that approximately 80% of the goods subject to trade are transported by sea, it becomes clear how important the role of maritime transport in the supply chain is. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, the delivery of products for basic needs such as food and health to the delivery places has revealed the importance of maritime transportation for combating the pandemic. Among the most important factors of maritime transport are seafarers who play a role in the operation and management of ships. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the closure of the borders of the countries or the quarantine practices created troubles in the embarkation and disembarkation of seafarers. In the study, it was emphasized that seafarers should be considered as “key workers” considering their essential role in the transport of vital goods such as medical supplies and food. In addition, the strategic factors that should be applied to ensure the professional sustainability of seafarers during pandemic periods were also mentioned.
Liver disorders of pregnancy
Authors: De Silva P. H. P. , Lanerolle Sanath , Dodampahala H. S. , Silva Ruwan , Mathota C.
Published: October 2022

No abstract available
Type I IFN Signaling Protects Mice from Lethal SARS-CoV-2 Neuroinvasion
Authors: Uddin Md Bashir , Liang Yuejin , Shao Shengjun , Palani Sunil , McKelvey Michael , Weaver Scott C , Sun Keer
Published: October 2022

Multiple organ damage is common in patients with severe COVID-19, even though the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Acute viral infection typically activates type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling. The antiviral role of IFN-I is well characterized in vitro. However, our understanding of how IFN-I regulates host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo is incomplete. Using a human ACE2-transgenic mouse model, we show in the present study that IFN-I receptor signaling is essential for protection against the acute lethality of SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Interestingly, although IFN-I signaling limits viral replication in the lung, the primary infection site, it is dispensable for efficient viral clearance at the adaptive phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conversely, we found that in the absence of IFN-I receptor signaling, the extreme animal lethality is consistent with heightened infectious virus and prominent pathological manifestations in the brain. Taken together, our results in this study demonstrate that IFN-I receptor signaling is required for restricting virus neuroinvasion, thereby mitigating COVID-19 severity.
Analgesic efficacy of superficial versus deep serratus plane block for modified radical mastectomy under general anaesthesia: A randomised comparative study
Authors: Bhoi Debesh , Jain Dhruv , Chhabra Anjolie , Mohan Virender K. , Talawar Praveen , Kataria Kamal
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims:

Serratus anterior plane (SAP) blocks can be given either superficial or deep to the serratus anterior muscle to block the branches of intercostal nerves providing analgesia to the anterolateral chest wall. This prospective randomised comparative study aimed to compare the analgesic efficacy of superficial and deep SAP block in breast surgeries.

Methods:

Forty female patients scheduled to undergo elective modified radical mastectomy under general anaesthesia (GA) were randomly assigned to receive ultrasound guided SAP block with 30 ml 0.375% ropivacaine either superficial (group S, n = 20) or deep (group D, n = 20) to the serratus anterior muscle, before the induction of GA. The primary outcome was post operative fentanyl requirement over 24 hours and secondary outcomes were comparison of numerical rating scale (NRS) scores for pain, sensory block mapping, time to perform the block, number of needle attempts, etc.

Results:

The post operative 24-hour fentanyl requirement was comparable between group S and D (318.75 ± 80.65 versus 272.5 ± 80.25 μg, P = 0.07). NRS pain scores were comparable between the groups. Sensory block mapping done at various levels showed T3–T7 block in most of the patients with no difference between the groups. Block performance time (6.05 ± 3.27 versus 8.35 ± 3.26 minutes, P = 0.034) and number of needle attempts was significantly lesser in group D.

Conclusion:

There was no difference in analgesic efficacy when SAP block was given superficial or deep to serratus anterior muscle for modified radical mastectomies. However, deep SAP block required less time and number of attempts to perform than superficial technique.
Audit of operation theater time utilization with perspective to optimize turnaround times and theater output
Authors: Pakhare Vandana , Gopinath R. , Surya Dhanalakshmi S. Kalyani , Nanda Ananya , Kanojia Neha , Venu P.
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims:

Operation theater (OT) complex is an important area for a hospital as it needs expensive infrastructure, disposable, and reusable resources and a multidisciplinary highly qualified and efficient team, the metrics of which are key in generating revenue, and improved productivity. The efficient utilization of OT ensures maximum output in view of the investment of highly qualified doctors, equipment, and outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate the utilization of OT functioning stepwise, reasons for delays, case cancellations, and areas of improvement if any.

Material and Methods:

This prospective observational study was planned in three phases; in phase 1 audit of OT functioning was carried out for 1 month and based on data analysis recommendations were given for improvement. In phase 2, the recommendations would be implemented over 3 months and in phase 3 re-audit will be carried out for 1 month. Data analysis was done on IBM SPSS version 26 software. Descriptive statistics measures were calculated by the mean and standard deviation.

Results:

The total available resource time was 52920 min and the total time utilized was 37740 min. Overall, raw utilization was 71.31%. OT was started late 63.50% times. Case cancellation occurred on 8.99% occasions.

Conclusion:

We conclude that utilization of operating room time can be maximized by proper planning and realistic scheduling of elective lists, communication among team members, and resource management. Audit of OT utilization is an important tool to identify problem areas and formulate protocols accordingly.
Comparative evaluation of ultrasound guided supraclavicular and infraclavicular subclavian venous catheterizations in adult patients
Authors: Saini Vikas , Vamsidhar Amburu , Samra Tanvir , Sethi Sameer , Naik B. N.
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims:

Ultrasound-guided subclavian vein cannulation has two approaches: supraclavicular and infraclavicular. The aim of this study was to compare the ease of cannulation by recording the puncture time of the subclavian vein with the two approaches in adult patients.

Material and Methods:

This study was approved by our institutional ethics committee, and a written informed consent was obtained from the patients. This prospective randomized trial recruited patients aged 18 to 80 years with definite indications of subclavian vein cannulation. Real-time in-plane ultrasound-guided technique was used, and the subclavian vein was punctured at the junction of the brachiocephalic and IJV in supraclavicular approach (SC) and in oblique axis below the border of the clavicle in infraclavicular approach (IC).

Results:

A total of 96 patients were randomly allocated equally into two groups of 48 each, but only 45 patients in each group could be successfully cannulated. Median puncture times were comparable; 15 (9–39) s in SC and 21 (5–80) s in IC group. The first attempt success rate was 82.2% and 62.2%, and the mean total access time was 99.11 ± 34.66 s and 103.44 ± 50.27 s in SC and IC approaches, respectively and were comparable. The attempts of needle puncture were significantly higher in IC approach (1.40 ± 0.54 vs 1.20 ± 0.46 in SC approach; P = 0.04). The complication rates were comparable and less than 5%.

Conclusion:

Ease of cannulation of the subclavian vein using ultrasound-guided supraclavicular and infraclavicular approach is comparable as no statistically significant difference is noted in the puncture time and first-attempt success rate. The increased number of needle punctures reported in our study with the IC approach did not translate to an increased complication rate.
Massive transfusion protocol: Need of the hour – A tertiary care centre experience
Authors: Singh Lakhvinder , Jain Kajal , Jain Ashish , Suri Vanita , Sharma Ratti Ram
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims:

Massive transfusion (MT) in critically ill patients during major volume losses can lead to serious adverse outcomes. Studies have reported that rampant red cell infusion for maintaining perfusion support has had detrimental effects on patients’ short- and long-term survival rates. Evidence-based studies quote the importance of maintaining blood product ratio during massive hemorrhage and ensuring good outcomes with the least morbidity and mortality.

Material and Methods:

It is an observational study to compare the ratio of usage of blood products and their role in the outcome of MT cases.

Results:

A total of 70 patients (29 females and 41 males) who received MT were included in the study. There was no fixed ratio of packed red blood cells (PRBC) to blood components for patients with massive hemorrhage. The average ratio of PRBC: fresh frozen plasma (FFP):platelet concentrate (PC) was 1:0.9:0.6. However, blood component therapy with PRBC: FFP ratio between 1 and 2 was associated with a significant rise in post-acute phase hemoglobin value (P value = 0.018).

Conclusion:

Appropriate blood component therapy during the acute bleeding phase in massively transfused patients can further decrease the transfusion demand and transfusion-related complications. There is a need to adhere to the MT protocol for the clinical areas requiring MT in the developing world too.
Landmark-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block for reduction of dislocated prosthetic hip: A case report
Authors: Jadon Ashok , Sinha Neelam , Chakraborty Swastika , Singh Bhupendra
Published: October 2022

Dislocated hip joint is a painful condition, which requires urgent reduction. Previously, ultrasound (US)-guided pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block has been used for reduction of dislocated prosthetic hip. We have used landmark-guided PENG block in two patients of dislocation of prosthetic hip. We suggest that the landmark-guided technique of PENG block can be used safely and successfully as an alternative technique, where US facility is not available.
Role of handgrip strength testing in pre-anaesthetic check-up: A prospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Garg Kamakshi , Mohan Bishav , Luthra Neeru , Grewal Anju , Bhardwaj Dolly , Tandon Rohit , Kapoor Richa , Luthra Shalini
Published: October 2022

Background and Aims:

Frailty has been known to be associated with postoperative adverse events and longer hospital length of stay (LOS). Hand grip strength (HGS) is one of the parameters of measuring frailty. The aim of the study was to correlate preoperative handgrip strength and 30-day outcome of patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. It also aimed to evaluate the role of the standard preoperative variables like metabolic equivalents, revised cardiac risk index (RCRI), serum albumin, and serum creatinine along with their association with HGS testing in determining the postoperative outcome in surgical patients.

Material and Methods:

This prospective observational study included 149 American Society of Anesthesiologists class III/IV patients presenting for major abdominal surgery. A mean of three measurements of dominant HGS using Camry hand dynamometer was measured. The patients were divided into groups: weak, normal, and strong depending on grip strength. Patients were followed for 30 days and postoperative outcome in terms of ventilatory support, admission to intensive care unit, cardiac complications, in-hospital mortality, and LOS were recorded. Observational data obtained were reported as mean value and analyzed using Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon/Mann–Whitney Rank test. Associations between RCRI, serum albumin, and LOS with HGS were evaluated using logistic regression.

Results:

The hospital LOS was significantly longer in patients with weak HGS (15.11 ± 11.03 days versus 10 ± 5.71 days, P = 0.001). Patients with weak HGS had significantly lower mean serum albumin levels compared to normal HGS (P = 0.0001) and a statistically significant RCRI score (P = 0.013).

Conclusion:

HGS can be used as a preoperative test in predicting hospital LOS after major surgery.
How much Can We Rely on a Scrambled COVID-19 Vaccine? It is not the Only Way Out!
Authors: Das Nikunja Kumar , Prasanna S. , Pandit Priyanka , Dudhat Vaibhav Laxmikant
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has engulfed the world in the blink of an eye and created a state of panic. Vaccine is one of the suggested ways to counter the menace. Smallpox was an ideal vaccine candidate yet, it took about 182 years to eradicate. Vaccines are associated with incidents of mishap like the “Cutter incident”. COVID-19 vaccine has a political, commercial angle to it, with at least 62 vaccine candidates in the pipeline. Potential obstacles in development of vaccines are mutations in strains of SARS-CoV-2, lack of details of biological properties of the virus and incomplete information of pathogenicity, lack of suitable animal models. The potential side effects of the vaccine are eosinophilic infiltration, increased infectivity following challenge infections, antibody-dependent enhancement of infections. The general public has to stop anticipating that a vaccine is nearby and believe that for now, vaccine is face mask, hand wash, and social distancing and hope that either the virus goes weak or an effective vaccine arrives rather early than late.
Two generalisations of Leighton’s theorem (with an appendix by Giles Gardam and Daniel J. Woodhouse)
Authors: Shepherd Sam
Published: October 2022

Leighton’s graph covering theorem says that two finite graphs with a common cover have a common finite cover. We present a new proof of this using groupoids, and use this as a model to prove two generalisations of the theorem. The first generalisation, which we refer to as the symmetry-restricted version, restricts how balls of a given size in the universal cover can map down to the two finite graphs when factoring through the common finite cover – this answers a question of Neumann (2010). Secondly, we consider covers of graphs of spaces (or of more general objects), which leads to an even more general version of Leighton’s theorem.We also compute upper bounds for the sizes of the finite covers obtained in Leighton’s theorem and its generalisations. An appendix by Gardam and Woodhouse provides an alternative proof of the symmetry-restricted version, that uses Haar measure instead of groupoids.
Topological dynamics of groupoid actions
Authors: Flores Felipe , Măntoiu Marius
Published: October 2022

Some basic notions and results in topological dynamics are extended to continuous groupoid actions in topological spaces. We focus mainly on recurrence properties. Besides results that are analogous to the classical case of group actions, but which have to be put in the right setting, there are also new phenomena. Mostly for groupoids whose source map is not open (and there are many), some properties which were equivalent for group actions become distinct in this general framework; we illustrate this with various counterexamples.
CONOCIMIENTO DIDÁCTICO DEL CONTENIDO EN LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA LOCALIZACIÓN EN EL PLANO CARTESIANO
Authors:   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Pacheco-Muñoz Ever , Juárez-Ruiz Estela ,   Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Flores-Medrano Eric ,   Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Published: October 2022

The objective of this research was to characterize the pedagogical content knowledge put into play in the design of a plan for teaching location in the Cartesian plane. For this purpose, the theoretical model Mathematics Teacher's Specialized Knowledge (MTSK) was used as an analytical tool to study the knowledge mobilized by the teacher. The methodology was qualitative through an instrumental case study with a Colombian teacher. The information was collected through the design of a lesson plan and a semi-structured interview. As a result of the analysis, descriptors were obtained that theoretically grounded the knowledge mobilized by the teacher. The lesson plan was shown to be a favorable scenario for studying the teacher's didactic knowledge used in the teaching of mathematics. The fact of knowing different teaching strategies, students' expectations and interests, and possessing knowledge of the mathematical competences to be developed, allows the teacher's didactic contributions to be seen as additional knowledge to mathematical knowledge.
Jobs That Deal With Organized Crime – Drug Trafficking
Authors:   Institute of Comparative Law in Belgrade, Petrovic Dragana
Published: October 2022

There is no a single spot on our planet where the organized crime on drug trafficking has not spread its tentacles, as a suprasystemic creature, it embraced all countries in the world – there is no a single isolated jolly island left! The extreme adaptability of this phenomenon, its unbelievable magnetism in gluttony for making profit, porosity of state borders and their interconnection at all levels….represent the basic driving engine for drug trafficking. Unfortunately, it has been proved that the „balloon“ in the businesses of narco bosses can be endlessly inflated. This assessment may seem exaggerated and terrifying, but the author points out, that therefore it is understanding why the efforts are invested in outsmarting and blocking all the circumstances which surround and support the manifestation of this kind of organized crime.
FRAGMENTOVANI ŽRTVENICI SA LOKALITETA KUĆIŠTE U SELU ČEKMIN
Authors:   National Museum of Leskovac, Serbia, Stevanović Vladimir
Published: October 2022

National museum of Leskovac received as a present a certain ammount of archaeological material, which is of great value. The material was found and given as a present to the museum by the museum’s cooperative Vladimir Aranđelović, and the archaeological site where he has found the cult tables is Kućište, in the village of Čekmin, 15 km away from Leskovac. Fragmented cult tables were presented in the paper, characteristic for the Early Neolithic period, and this type of cult items follows the Neolithic way of life. There are seven different fragments of cult tables that include recipients, legs and basis, as well as their ornaments. Beside the new ones, there is one more published fragmented cult table from the same site kept in the Prehistoric exhibition of the National museum of Leskovac, dated to the Late Neolithic period, too. The cult tables presented here from Čekmin, Kućište are dated to Vinča cultural group, Late Neolithic period, 5700/5500-4700/4500 BC.
ATRIBUCIJA SLIKARSTVA NA DVERIMA PATRIJARHA ANTONIJA SOKOLOVIĆA IZ DEČANA
Authors: Đorđević Uroš
Published: October 2022

On the iconostasis of the church of the Decani monastery, there are the Holy doors that were carved by Patriarch Antonije Sokolović. On the front side of the Holy doors, the iconographer Longin painted the Annunciation. The figures of the Saint King Stefan of Decani and Saint Nicholas are painted on the back of the Holy doors, whose authorship is the subject of this paper. Mirjana Ćorović Ljubinković and most of the experts at the time attributed this painting to Antonije. In 2005, the theory mentioned above has been called into question, and these scenes, without further analysis and evidence, were attributed to Longin. The question of the authorship of the back of the Holy door required complex research that has not been accomplished so far. By analyzing the artistic language of this painting, it can be concluded that it is not Longin’s work and that it has a different author’s writing, and a different style. Under the influence of Cretan art, this painting approaches the Peć school, to which Longin belongs to. By analogy with the characteristics of the carving of the Holy doors, and the other pair of Antonije’s Holy doors in Peć, and by comparing the ducts of the letters, it can be assumed that the author is Antonije. Thus, the former theory of Mirjana Ćorović Ljubinković and her like-minded scholars about Antonije’s authorship proved to be well-founded and withstood the test.
ISTOČNO PITANjE I FAKTORI INTEGRACIJE SRPSKOG NARODA U PERIODU OD 1774. DO 1807. GODINE
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Nedeljković Slaviša D. , Đorđević Miloš Z. , Popović Aleksa M.
Published: October 2022

The period from the Peace of Kuchuk-Kaynardji to the armistice in Slobozia was marked by turbulent events in the Eastern Question, embodied in the reorientation of Habsburg foreign policy, under the influence of Russia’s stronger ascendant in the Eastern Question. These factors, together with the reforms of Maria Theresa and Emperor Joseph II on the one hand and the collapse of the Ottoman order in the Balkans on the other, led to key changes in the integration of the Serbian people. The Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774 apparently indirectly affected the Serb people. However, during this period, the Habsburg Monarchy prescripted a series of border regulations that were most directly related to the Serb people. Also, the change of priorities in its eastern policy led to the fact that in 1774, as a reward for mediation in peace concluding, the Habsburg Monarchy received Bukovina instead of Belgrade. Russia gained the right to protect Christians in the Ottoman Empire with the Peace of Kuchuk-Kainardji, which gave it the opportunity to influence in Ottoman internal affairs. The mentioned clause turned out to be an important factor in the future development of Russian -Turkish relations, which, despite the change of priorities and reorientation to Italy and the German states, the Habsburg Monarchy had to count on, which significantly reflected on the historical past of the Serbian people. Based on relevant sources and literature, the paper discusses the factors that influenced the integration of the Serbian National Corps in the period before the Serbian Revolution and the change in the aims of the uprising from improving the situation in Belgrade Pashalik to full independence.
ZANIMANjA I POREKLO STANOVNIŠTVA VAROŠI KRUŠEVCA PREMA POPISU IZ 1884. GODINE
Authors:   University of Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Pešić Miroslav , Panić Bojan
Published: October 2022

The paper reviews the growth in the number of residents and homes in the town of Krusevac in the period after liberation from the Turks until the 1980s. The main part of the paper contains tabulated occupations and birthplaces of residents of Krusevac based on the population census of 1884. Since the census of the town of Krusevac from 1884 has not been fully preserved in the State Archives of Serbia, the tables do not show the number of people engaged in a certain occupation or the number of people born outside the Principality/Kingdom of Serbia, but rather a list of occupations and origins shown according to the frequency of occurrence. The paper is written on the basis of unpublished and published sources and relevant literature
Approximation of environmental legislation: on the way to EU membership
Authors: Andrusevych Nataliya
Published: October 2022

Ukraine's candidate status for EU membership, granted in June 2022, should be a new turning point in the process of approximation, including environmental and climate change issues. The need to implement relevant environmental and climate change EU legislation can also become so called red lines ensuring that the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is indeed green and based on the "build back better and greener" principle. Ukraine has already fulfilled a number of obligations that are key to becoming a full member of the EU, and is not starting from the scratch. The Government of Ukraine declares 64% fulfilment of the obligations in the field of environmental protection and climate change under the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. There were and remain a number of political, legal, institutional and technical challenges in the implementation process, as well as the need for financial, human and other resources to speed-up the progress. However, Ukraine has gained unique experience, among other things, in the field of approximation, which can be used now, when the process of approximation of legislation should become much more dynamic and effective than at the times before the status of a candidate for EU membership was granted.
History of Issue, Epidemiological and Surgical Aspects of Acute Large Bowel Obstruction of Tumoral Genesis
Authors:   Researcher, Andijan branch of the Republican Research Center of Emergency Medicine, A.M. Mamadiev
Published: October 2022

The authors in this literature review consider and reveal the history of the issue, epidemiological and surgical aspects of acute obstruction of the colon of tumor genesis. It is noted that patients with colostomy are permanently disabled in acute large bowel obstruction of tumor origin. The presence of a colostomy in these patients often exacerbates the course of comorbidities, thereby making it difficult or excluding the possibility of performing the recovery phase of the operation. They conclude that today there is still a need for further research and a comprehensive in–depth study of the issues of surgical tactics. The solution of these issues will reduce the frequency of postoperative complications, mortality, improve the performance of labor and social rehabilitation of this contingent of seriously ill patients.
DIGITAL-STRESS AND EMPLOYEE’S BEHAVIOURAL OUTCOME IN AN AUTOMATED WORK PLACE: A STUDY OF STAFF OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN YENAGOA
Authors: Solomon Don , Amakiri Amakiri , Tonbara Baridei
Published: October 2022

The use of technological devices to carryout routinely performed tasks in the workplace (office automation) has been embraced by organizations as a competitive strategy. However, introduction of technology in the workplace comes with plethora of experiential setbacks, one of which is stress resulting from the use of digital technologies in the work place (digit-stress). This research is focused on examining the empirical link between digit-stress and employee’s behavioural outcome. The predicting variable digit-stress was operationalized with hyper-tasky, job demand and job control whereas, presenteeism and job-dissatisfaction were used as measures of the criterion variable. 179 employees drawn from six commercial banks were used for the study, data collected where inferentially analyzed with Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation with the aid of SPSS version 23. Finding shows that digit-stress has significant relationship with employee’s behavior outcomes as hyper-tasky, job demand and job control all showed a positive significant correlation with presenteeism and job dissatisfaction. Based on the results, the study recommends that employee’s job should periodically be reengineered, enriching its content to arouse their satisfaction on the job, and streamline tasks upfront so they can have time to complete them without undue pressure. Also, Employee’s should be empowered with some level of control on how and when tasks are to be performed timely.
GROWTH ACCOUNTING ANALYSIS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY – WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE ECONOMIES OF BIHAR & JHARKHAND DURING 2000-2021
Authors: Sinha Jitendra Kumar , Sinha Anurodh Kumar
Published: October 2022

The present study endeavors to estimate in quantitative terms, the role played by Total Factor Productivity (TFP) as a source of economic growth in the overall Indian economy, spanning 2000-01 to 2020- 21 using Index Number Approach with special reference to Bihar and Jharkhand, two adjoining developing states of India. The analysis has revealed that in a majority of sectors of Jharkhand state and the overall Indian economy, output growth was faster than input growth, but none of the sectors in Bihar experienced such a phenomenon. However, Jharkhand reported lower capital growth (0.91%) in comparison to 6.35% in Bihar and 5.50% in the overall Indian economy. Further, in both the states, TFP contributed the most to output growth during the initial ten years, while the labor force acted as a prime mover during the last ten years of the study period. However, in the Indian economy as a whole, TFP continued to be the major source of economic growth during the entire study span of two decades. Thus, although the Government policy seems to have paid dividends in the country as a whole, there have been considerable variations in the pace and extent of implementation of the policy across these two states. Consequently, for states (like Bihar) to surge ahead, it is important to address regional problems to enhance TFP, which has become virtually synonymous with economic growth.
CONTINUANCE INTENTION TO USE E-WALLETS IN MALAYSIA AFTER OUTBREAK OF COVID-19
Authors: Moorthy Krishna , Xsin Ng Kah , Salleh Nik Mohamad Zaki Nik , Ling Pang Chui , T’ing Loh Chun
Published: October 2022

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the continuance intention to use e-wallets in Malaysia after the outbreak of COVID-19. This study integrates the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with two unique variables (government support and physical distancing). There are 296 questionnaires collected from e-wallet users, and analysed through Multiple Linear Regression to verify the research model and hypotheses. The findings reveal that physical distancing is the most decisive factor influencing users to use e-wallets after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Malaysia. Social influence, facilitating conditions, government support significantly affect the continuance intention while effort expectancy is found to be insignificant in this study. This study developed an extended model to enrich future studies relating to e-wallets in a special situation. The finding provides suggestions for government agencies and e-wallet providers to seize the opportunity arising from the continuance intention of Malaysians to use e-wallets.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON CORPORATE STRATEGY: A CASE OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN THE BULAWAYO METROPOLITAN PROVINCE IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Nkomo Thandoluhle Antonio , Chinjova Dr Fainos
Published: October 2022

This study sought to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on corporate strategies of manufacturing companies in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province. The study was motivated by the fact that while COVID-19 pandemic has forced manufacturing companies to rethink almost every aspect of their businesses, it has also validated the importance of corporate strategy. The study was guided by the Real Option Theory, which indicates that managers tends to defer investments when uncertainties arise. The interpretivism research philosophy guided this research because the aim was to establish the socially constructed nature of the reality of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the corporate strategies of manufacturing companies in Bulawayo. A qualitative research approach was used which enabled the researchers not to be restricted to specific research questions. The researchers opted for a case study research design where 5 manufacturing companies that constituted 5 cases in the study. This allowed the researchers to gain a sharpened understanding of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the corporate strategies of manufacturing companies in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province. A sample of 20 participants, comprising of 5 senior managers and 15 middle managers of manufacturing companies were used in the study. Data was generated through interviews with 5 senior managers and open-ended questionnaires with 15 middle managers of manufacturing companies. The key findings of the study were that COVID-19 pandemic affected the four pillars of corporate strategy of manufacturing companies in Bulawayo in a positive and negative way. The study recommended that manufacturing companies should be flexible in responding to market trends, collaborate with government, establishing a crisis plan and having a collaboration mechanism well in time before the crisis in order to reduce the negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on their corporate strategies.
PHONETIC VARIANTS OF LOANWORDS
Authors:   Akhmet Baitursynov Institute of Linguistics, SEITBEKOVA А. , AMIRBEKOVA А. ,   Akhmet Baitursynov Institute of Linguistics
Published: October 2022

Unification of different spelling of words is one of the most important problem in Kazakh linguistics. Especially noticeable is the number of words that occur in different spelling variants, in loanwords from Arabic and Persian origin. The heterogeneity and diversity of the spelling of borrowed words in the practice of writing remains an unsolved problem among linguists. In this regard, the purpose of our study is to identify the reasons for the use of Arabic, Persian words that are written in different versions of the same meaning, and an attempt to designate the main variant when switching to a new Latin alphabet. It is known that different spellings of words often occur between modern literary language and dialects. Regardless of the types of phonetic phenomena found in the dialects of our language, in general they are intertwined with the phonetic development of the Turkic languages. Therefore, the article analyzes the processes of mastering, starting from ancient and medieval Turkic written monuments and the features of the transition to modern Turkic languages. In order to determine the main variant, linguistic and statistical studies of phonetic variants of b/p, p/f are carried out on the basis of the «Large Explanatory Dictionary of the Kazakh literary language». The results of the study can serve in the unification of spelling norms of borrowed words, as well as the necessary linguistic information in the development of various dictionaries.
The Cyclical Nature of the Concept of «Time» (Based on the Texts of Historical Epics)
Authors:   Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kulyntaeva T.B. , Gulsevin Gurer ,   Ege University, The Institute studying Turkish world
Published: October 2022

Language learning in the cognitive direction has become one of the most actual problems today. In particular, the consideration of folklore texts, in which a large linguistic stock of information has been accumulated, in the cognitive aspect will become the basis for obtaining information about the cognition, being, life of this nation. After all, historical songs are one of the most unique genres, in which the rich heritage of our people is collected, the richness of our language is revealed. The concept of «time» is a concept that requires study in linguistics. The fact is that the concept of «time» is one of the main concepts that can give a linguistic picture of the world. In science, this concept is recognized as common to many ethnic groups, creating a linguistic picture of the universe, depending on the national characteristics and experience, background knowledge of each people. In this article, the linguistic units denoting the concept of «time» are extracted from the texts of historical songs, it’s cyclical nature is determined. In linguistic studies, a sufficient number of characters of the concept of «time» are given. Time has cyclic, linear properties. However, the cyclicity of time that we analyze is considered one of the main models proven by science. Our study proves that the cyclical nature of the concept of «time» is connected with the worldview, way of life, religion of the nation. Cyclic time in historical songs is explained by the repetition of processes and it is determined with the lexical units: four seasons, 24 hours, day, night, morning, evening. In addition, examples are given and proved that the lexical units denoting «time» in our language had a symbolic meaning.
Using Blended Learning Technologies through Online Educational Platforms
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Kadirbaeva R.I. , Bedebaeva M.E. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the problems of overcoming specific violations of written speech in younger schoolchildren studying in the Kazakh language. Based on the analysis of the current state of knowledge of this problem in Kazakhstan and abroad, the authors note the lack of scientific information on the prevalence and nature of dysgraphic errors in Kazakh-speaking children, the lack of knowledge of the specifics of the manifestation of written errors in children in the Kazakh language, associated with the peculiarities of its writing.The analysis of written errors in students of the second–fifth grades of general educational schools allowed us to identify specific written errors in 14.4% of Kazakh-speaking children, the most common of which were:omissions, permutations and insertions of your letters and syllables. As a result, the authors conclude that it is necessary to theoretically substantiate and develop new directions of special pedagogical activity based on taking into account the harmonic nature of the written speech of the Kazakh language and the peculiarities of writing the letters of the Kazakh alphabet. It is convincingly proved that the synharmonic character of the written speech of the Kazakh language is fundamentally different from the phonemic character of the Russian language and on this basis it is argued that it is impossible to transfer special techniques and methods to eliminate dysgraphic errors, used in speech therapy work with Russian-speaking children.
Formation of the Scientific Knowledge of the Students in the Study of Microclonal Reproduction of Apple Rootstocks
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turmetova G.Zh. , Mamadaliyev А.Sh. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2022

The article presents a methodology for implementing the design method in the educational process in order to direct students to research work. The design method allows students to organize cognitive activity based on personal experience, and also contributes to the development of behavioral qualities such as independence, curiosity, the development of social skills in the process of group interaction, research, the formation of creative thinking, the formation of intellectual, information, communication skills. Analyzing the subtleties of the combination of education and science, special laboratory work has been developed for conducting research work of students. In the process of forming research competence, students acquired a number of practical skills: the ability to work according to plan, independent work skills, the ability to work with laboratory equipment, etc. The features of improving the quality and efficiency of the educational process through the organization of laboratory work as a condition for the development of arbitrary qualities in the field of biology are considered. Based on the analysis of diagnostic results at the ascertaining and control stages of the level of cognitive activity of students during laboratory work: - low-level indicators in the group decreased from 34% to 10%; - indicators of the average level of activity decreased from 49% to 42; - indicators of a high level of cognitive activity increased from 17% to 48. As a result of the research work, an experimental diagnostic analysis was carried out.
Organization of Laboratory Work on the Basis of an Elective Course in Physics
Authors:   M. Auezov South-Kazakhstan University, Abdraimov R.T. , Ualikhanova B.S. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2022

The article describes the purpose of organizing an elective physics course for students of the 10th grade of Secondary School. At the same time, it is determined that the need for specialized training begins with high school. After all, the issue of admission of graduates to higher education institutions, the correct choice of the future profession, the presence of interest in this profession is relevant. In this study, special attention was paid to specialties in the field of Electrical Engineering. On the basis of this, the school organized an elective course in the technical direction, which became the basis for calling it «applied electrodynamics». At the same time, the hours, deadlines, and goals of the elective course are determined and presented in the article. Based on the organized methodology, one sample of laboratory work is presented. In the presented sitting laboratory work, the tasks of determining the dependence of a person's electrical resistance on the frequency of the applied voltage and assessing the risk of electric shock are presented. Students get acquainted with the dependence of the total resistance of the human body and the current flowing through it on the frequency of the applied voltage. In the course of this work, students of the school study the two-phase touch of a person to an alternating current network, the touch of a person to one phase of a three-phase network with a grounded neutral and the currents passing through the human body when a person contacts one phase of a three-phase network with an isolated neutral.
THE EFFECTS OF TED TALKS AS EXTENSIVE LISTENING
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, MUKHIDDINOVA A. , SEITOVA M. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: October 2022

Learning a foreign language is more considered on productive skills such as speaking and writing, but also listening and reading are essential as they provide crucial input to learners. Listening is a typical activity with a great deal of oral exposure to a language. Therefore, extensive listening (EL) is helpful in a way that the learners engage with a variety of comprehensible input. This qualitative method study investigated whether there is a relationship between students’ listening achievements and the use of TED lectures as an extensive listening resource in the classroom. Moreover, this study explored the students’ perceptions of the use of TED lectures as EL materials in the treatment period. To shed light on these issues, 20 school students, who learned English as a foreign language participated in this study. The results also indicated that students found extensive listening enjoyable and useful to learn new vocabulary. Moreover, they expressed that the subtitles make the speech more comprehensible for the parts that were challenging to comprehend.
A Cross Sectional Study on Perception of Self-medication Practice among General Population - A Questionnaire Based Survey
Authors: Divya Leena Muppa, T. , Kumar Ektha Promoth , sulaiman G. Mohammad , Monika P.
Published: October 2022

Self-medication is defined as the use of medications to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms, or the intermittent or ongoing use of a prescribed substance for chronic or recurrent diseases or symptoms. Despite its many advantages, self-medication increases the risk of drug abuse and addiction. It also obscures the signs and symptoms of underlying disorders, aggravating the situation, causing treatment resistance, and delaying diagnosis. The aim of this study is to investigate the perception of self-medication practices among general population and to assess the pattern, influencing factors and commonly preferred drug for self-medication. A crosssectional study was conducted online among general population. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Microsoft excel. Descriptive statistical methods, frequencies, mean, standard deviations and percentages were used to summarize the data. A total of 504 respondents participated in the study. Fever 361 (72%) headache 318(63.6%), and cough and cold 311(62.2%) were the most common symptoms for which self-medication was practiced. Analgesics and antipyretics were the most common group of drugs opted for self-medication by the respondents. Convenient and easy to buy (21.8%) followed by low cost (20.2%) and previous experience of treating a similar illness (15.6%) were found to be the purpose of self-practicing of medication. Self-medication is a common practice among general population. The study results revealed that, the safety aspects among the general population were found to be good. The attitude on self-medication practice depends on their knowledge which was found to be good and the practice was fair enough towards self-medication.
Drug Utilization Pattern of Antipsychotics Among Patients Attending Psychiatry OPD in A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Cross-sectional Observational Study
Authors: Taj Shifa , Colin Divya , Sunny Anet , Bevoor Davan B , Kumar MS Narendra , PL Basavanna
Published: October 2022

Antipsychotic medications are the primary therapeutic interventions in the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders. Prescribing trends of antipsychotics has modified over the decade with accessibility of atypical antipsychotics. Hence continuous studies on contemporary prescribing patterns are needed to provide most upgraded, effective and rational treatment of psychoses. A cross sectional study of patients receiving antipsychotics was carried out in the Psychiatry Out Patients Department (OPD) of K R Hospital, Mysuru for a period of six months. All relevant data of the enrolled patients was collected from various data sources and documented in a suitably designed data collection forms to evaluate and to understand the pattern and extent of medication use by using WHO-CORE indicators and to systematically classify drugs using WHO-ATC system and to represent diagnosed psychiatric disorder according to WHO-ICD 10 version. We incorporated an aggregate of 200 study population. Male preponderance (55%) was observed when compared to females (45%) who attended the psychiatry OPD. The most prevalent psychiatric disorder was F20 (Psychosis/Unspecified psychosis/Schizophrenia/ Chronic Psychosis/ Delusional disorder/ Unspecified psychosis with Depression) comprised 60% of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in our study population. The average number of antipsychotic per prescription was 1.33±0.46. 90.63% of antipsychotic drugs were prescribed by their generic names. Additionally, 2% of antipsychotic injectables were present in the prescription, 0.34% minimal antibiotic medications were prescribed and no fixed dose combinations were documented. Higher inclination towards atypical antipsychotics was observed than Typical antipsychotics. Olanzapine was the most routinely prescribed antipsychotic followed by Risperidone. Antipsychotic polypharmacy was observed in 21% patients in our study population. The WHO Core Prescribing indications corresponded with the optimal values, suggesting rational drug therapy and thus eradicating probability of irrational prescribing practices. The findings are able to be used as benchmark for the healthcare facilities and as a basis for further follow up of quality of drug use.
Influences of macro-institutional environment on packaging used in beef and chicken meat Agribusiness Systems.
Authors: Meira Caunetto Mariela , De Souza José Paulo
Published: October 2022

This article purposes to understand how the institutional regulation on packaging influences the beef and chicken meat Agribusiness Systems distribution segment in Brazil. This is justified by considering that packaging affects price competition and is also an important element in food safety. Based on New Institutional Economics theory, it shows how the rules define transaction relations in distribution in these chains, considering the specificities in terms of performance in the analyzed period (growing chicken and stagnant bovine). Based on qualitative research and through semi-structured interviews, it identified that the rules influence these meats distribution in the retail segment, showing a stronger packaging presence in chicken distribution and low participation in beef meat. In addition, the informal regulation is still present as a strong reference for distribution process, especially for beef, where the chains adjust to the levels of demand.