bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Multilayer Neural Networks for Controlling a Line-Following Robot in Robotic Competitions
Authors: Cesar Minaya  , Rosero Ricardo , Zambrano Marcelo , Catota Pablo
Published: April 2024

The paper presents an approach for controlling a line-following robot using artificial intelligence algorithms. This study aims to evaluate and validate the design and implementation of a competitive line-following robot based on multilayer neural networks for controlling the torque on the wheels and regulating the movements. The configuration of the line-following Robot consists of a chassis with a set of infrared sensors that can detect the line on the track and provide input data to the neural network. The performance of the line-following Robot on a running track with different configurations is then evaluated. The results show that the line-following Robot responded more efficiently with an artificial neural network control algorithm than a PID control or fuzzy control algorithm. At the same time, the reaction and correction time of the Robot to errors on the track is earlier by about 0.1 seconds. In conclusion, the capabilities of a neural network allow the line-following Robot to adapt to environmental conditions and overcome obstacles on the track more effectively.
Smart and Green Packaging Made from Chitosan-based Biofilm with the Addition of Ginger Oil and Anthocyanins from Butterfly Pea Flower Extract (Clitoria Ternatea L)
Authors: Mahatmanti Fransisca Widhi , Alauhdin Mohammad , Kusumaningrum Serafica Btari Christiyani
Published: April 2024

A chitosan-based biofilm modified with ginger essential oil and butterfly flower extract has been made. This biofilm was tested for its potential as a raw material for smart and environmentally friendly packaging (smart and green packaging). The potential of biofilm as a packaging raw material is known from the characterization results, which include color changes at various pHs, mechanical properties, antioxidant properties, antibacterial properties, and morphological structure. The produced biofilms exhibit sensitivity to alterations in pH levels, manifesting distinct color transitions from pink and purple to green within the pH range of 1 to 12. This phenomenon arises due to adding butterfly flower extract into the biofilm, which contains anthocyanin dyes with a total concentration of 1113.3 mg/L. Adding butterfly flower extract and ginger oil contributes to an augmented biofilm thickness; however, this is accompanied by a reduction in both tensile strength and percent elongation. Concurrently, the addition of butterfly flower extract and ginger oil imparts antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the biofilm. The introduction of additional extracts enhances the antioxidant and antibacterial attributes of the biofilm. In the color and pH response assessment, the biofilm augmented with a 7.5% v/v extract exhibited a color difference value (ΔE) exceeding 5 across all assessed pH values. These findings signify the observable color variations in the biofilm due to pH fluctuations with the unaided eye. According to the outcomes of characterization and analysis, the produced biofilm holds promise as an environmentally friendly packaging solution due to its reliance on natural components and its endowed antioxidant and antibacterial properties, contributing to the prolonged preservation of packaged food items. Moreover, the biofilm demonstrates the capability to gauge the quality of food products based on their pH, which is evident through direct color alterations.
Lost in translation: Implementation of the right to a translator through the use of machine translators in the light of EU and Polish Law
Authors: Kiejnich-Kruk Karolina
Published: April 2024

Both national and EU law provide for the right of an accused person to receive essential procedural documents in a language they understand and to participate in the proceedings in the presence of an interpreter. The need to implement these procedural guarantees raises several problems, such as the limited availability of interpreters and the cost to the State. This prompts the search for other solutions to implement the indicated individual rights. This article aims to answer the question of the admissibility and legitimacy of using machine translators to implement the right to an interpreter for defendants in criminal proceedings, and to indicate the opportunities and risks associated with the use of AI-based systems in this regard. The article presents the result of a linguistic, systematic and purposive interpretation of the relevant provisions of national laws and the provisions of Directive 2010/64/EU. Formal-dogmatic and statistical methods were used. The results of research into the quality of machine translations and statistics on the costs of translations are presented. The results support the recognition of the admissibility and legitimacy of the use of machine translators in criminal proceedings in order to implement the indicated rights. The text presents possible ways of applying these solutions in judicial practice and formulates a demand to the Ministry of Justice to begin work on the programme without delay. However, currently, both law enforcement and justice authorities can use publicly available machine translation software.
Performatywność wypowiedzi manifestacyjnej w demokracji – na przykładzie protestów kobiet w Polsce
Authors: Dąbrowska Agata
Published: April 2024

Dyskurs publiczny jest jedną ze sfer, w której kształtowane jest potoczne rozumienie pojęć języka prawnego, a także wielu instytucji prawnych. Współcześnie wiele elementów dyskursu możemy odnaleźć w mediach społecznościowych. Innym elementem dyskursywnym w przestrzeni publicznej mogą być manifestacje, podczas których uczestnicy przedstawiają na transparentach zróżnicowane hasła. Celem artykułu jest określenie charakteru wypowiedzi formułowanych przez uczestników manifestacji w Polsce, w szczególności w kontekście performatywnego potencjału prezentowanych haseł, z punktu widzenia ich społecznego oddziaływania. Tło teoretyczne badań stanowiła koncepcja performatywnych aktów mowy Johna L. Austina oraz Johna R. Searle’a. Przeprowadzono analizę materiału empirycznego dostępnego w sferze publicznej. W procesie badawczym wykorzystano metodę analizy dyskursu ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem elementów analizy lingwistycznej i kontekstowej. Materiał obejmuje przede wszystkim komunikaty uczestników tak zwanego Czarnego Protestu oraz – będącego jego kontynuacją – Strajku Kobiet. Tak przeprowadzona interdyscyplinarna analiza materiałów umożliwia odkodowanie sensu komunikatów tworzonych przez obywateli uczestniczących w manifestacjach. Przeprowadzone badania pozwalają na odkrycie performatywnych praktyk związanych z działaniami władzy publicznej w kontekście dostępności aborcji w Polsce w ramach wypowiedzi manifestacyjnych. Zaprezentowane wnioski prowadzą do jakościowego rozszerzenia sposobu postrzegania aktywności obywateli w ramach procesów demokratycznych. I podnoszą potrzebę prowadzenia dalszych badań nad zjawiskami społecznej aktywności sferze publicznej oraz dyskursu prawnego z udziałem obywateli niebędących prawnikami.
Disentangling ESG: Environmental, social and governance ratings and financial performance of Polish listed companies
Authors: Buła Rafał , Foltyn-Zarychta Monika , Krawczyńska Dominika
Published: April 2024

Socially responsible investments are a significant element of the global capital market and are becoming increasingly important also in the eyes of Polish investors. ESG ratings are a crucial decisive criterion, as they provide information on the corporate governance (G), and social (S) and environmental (E) activities, of companies. Even though the abovementioned areas differ significantly, the use of ESG ratings by investors is often narrowed down to the total ESG score. Additionally, the literature does not provide unambiguous results on whether the impact of total score as well as the individual pillars of E, S and G on the accounting-based financial performance of companies is statistically significant, and positive or negative. Sparse academic studies concentrate mainly on highly developed markets and accounting-based measures of profitability, leaving aside emerging markets, like Poland, and the other main characteristics of financial performance, like liquidity, efficiency, or leverage. The aim of this paper is therefore to fill the above gap by identifying the dependence of ratings in E, S and G areas and the accounting-based financial performance of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Selected financial parameters and company quotations were taken from the Notoria Serwis SA database, while data on ESG ratings from Refinitiv Eikon were used to perform correlation analysis. The analysis covers the years 2013–2022. The findings indicate a significant positive bi-directional impact of corporate governance (G) and efficiency, as well as of controversies score and efficiency. A linkage has also been revealed between controversies score and profitability. However, the hypothesis of an unequivocally positive impact of ESG factors on financial results, or conversely of financial results on ESG aspects, should be rejected.
Decyzje kobiet o nazwisku po ślubie w wymiarze diachronicznym i synchronicznym
Authors: Przybył Iwona , Kokociński Maciej , Ziółkowska Magdalena
Published: April 2024

Artykuł stanowi próbę socjologicznej analizy społecznego fenomenu podejmowania decyzji o zmianie nazwiska noszonego po ślubie przez kobiety w Polsce na podstawie danych z 234 urzędów stanu cywilnego z województw podkarpackiego i wielkopolskiego. Zebrane informacje dotyczą lat 2000–2020 i obrazują ponad 343 000 wyborów kobiet. Zrealizowane badania miały na celu ustalenie zależności rodzaju decyzji o nazwisku po ślubie od miejscowości, w jakiej małżeństwo zostało zawarte (liczba mieszkańców gminy, województwo), oraz wpływu wzrostu aktywności zawodowej i społecznej kobiet w ostatnich dekadach na różnicowanie się tych decyzji. Analiza statystyczna danych urzędowych pozwala na wniosek, że mimo wciąż wysoko utrzymującej się tendencji do przyjmowania nazwiska męża, można zaobserwować rozpoczynający się proces polegający na aprobacie przyjmowania przez kobiety nazwisk dwuczłonowych lub pozostawania przy rodowym. Prezentowane opracowanie stanowi pierwszy etap realizowanych i zaplanowanych badań nad negocjowaniem i podejmowaniem przez kobiety i mężczyzn decyzji o nazwisku noszonym po ślubie i rozwodzie.
Uwagi o zmianach semantycznych staropolskich rzeczowników osobowych (na podstawie dzieł leksykograficznych)
Authors: Piotrowska-Wojaczyk Agnieszka
Published: April 2024

The aim of the presented article is to show semantic changes in Old Polish person-related nouns. Describing selected entries from a diachronic perspective – by comparing semantic notations from the Old Polish Dictionary edited by S. Urbańczyk with definitions from later dictionaries – has allowed me to identify semantic modifications occurring over the centuries (e.g. metaphors, de-metaphorisation, expansion of meaning, pejorative meaning) and to make a number of remarks on the subject.
Analiza lingwistyczna pieśni polskojęzycznych ze wsi Murowana Oszmianka
Authors: Kaspiarovich Karalina
Published: April 2024

The subject of the article is an analysis of the lyrics of 13 Polish songs sung in the village of Muravanaya Ashmyanka. A linguistic analysis of the transcribed lyrics of the songs based on the author’s personal recordings, conducted according to dialectological publications, and carried out on the phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and lexical levels, revealed numerous clear influences of the East Slavic languages. Among the many deviations from the general Polish language, and the multitude of dialectal features characteristic of the Northern Borderlands dialect, the following may be concluded: asynchronous pronunciation of nasal vowels at the final position and before fricative consonants, vowel reduction, the pronunciation of the dental consonant ł, the occurrence of the prepositional construction instead of the general Polish synthetic one, preservation of the voiced quality of the consonant w after voiceless consonants, soft pronunciation of l, change of grammatical gender, voiced pronunciation of the consonanth. The lyrics of the collected and transcribed songs are an example of valuable linguistic material fading into oblivion with the passage of time.
Incentives of the Mind: Kant and Baumgarten on the Impelling Causes of Desire
Authors: Walschots Michael
Published: April 2024

In this paper I propose to shed new light on the role of feeling in Kant’s psychology of moral motivation by focusing on his concept of an incentive (Triebfeder), which he borrowed from one of his most important rationalist predecessors, Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten. I argue that, similar to Baumgarten, Kant understands an incentive to refer to the ground of desire, and that feelings function as a specific kind of ground within Kant’s psychology of moral action, namely as the ‘impelling cause’ of desire. I claim that this interpretation has several advantages over the alternatives currently on offer in the literature.
Classification and logging identification of reservoir space near the upper Ordovician pinch-out line in Tahe Oilfield
Authors: Yang Debin , Jin Yanlin , Zhang Juan , Xie Runcheng , Chen Huaxin , Yin Shuai , Cai Wenli
Published: April 2024

Real drilling near the upper Ordovician pinch-out line in the Tahe Oilfield shows that the drilling encountered karst reservoir. However, due to the transitional position between the denudation area and the overlying area and the special karst geological background, the existing drilling and completion data show that the reservoir space types in this area are complex and diverse. In this article, the classification of reservoir space near the Upper Ordovician pinch-out line and the extraction of logging response characteristics have been carried out based on drilling, logging, core, and crude oil quality data. Through this study, the classification scheme of karst reservoir space in the study area is proposed. The reservoir space types of karst reservoirs include fracture–cave, fracture–pore (light and low resistivity), fracture–pore (heavy and high resistivity), dissolved pore–pore (light and low resistivity), dissolved pore–pore (heavy and high resistivity), isolated pore (relatively isolated distribution of pores and fractures, weakly connected), and cave-type reservoir (sand and gravel filled or semi-unfilled). Furthermore, conventional logging parameters and five parameters sensitive to reservoir properties are extracted. The intersection maps based on the combination forms, fluid properties, and reservoir space effectiveness of different types of reservoir spaces are effective in distinguishing seven types of reservoir spaces and two types of stratified karst reservoirs. In this study, the reservoir space types and logging response characteristics of reservoirs near the Upper Ordovician pinch-out line are defined, which can provide a reliable geological basis for the quantitative identification and distribution evaluation of karst reservoirs.
Preparation of MoO3 powder by hydrothermal method
Authors: Xiangwei Zhu , Liujie Xu , Chaopeng Cui , Mengjie Wu , San Chen , Qinzhuang Liu , Zhenfei Tian , Qiang Li , Haijun Duan , Zi Ye , Xingyue Li , Mengyu Fan , Wang Haowei
Published: April 2024

Based on the raw material of ammonium tetramolybdate in the experiment, molybdenum trioxide was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, and the effects of different pH, hydrothermal reaction time, filling degree, and calcination temperature on molybdenum trioxide powder were studied. Meanwhile, the molybdenum trioxide powder was characterized through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis differential scanning calorimetry analysis so as to study the morphology and phase changes during the experiment. As is evident from the research findings, MoO3 powders with uniform and suitable size, smooth and clear surface, good dispersibility, and no adhesion can be obtained at the conditions of pH = 1, 16 h hydrothermal reaction, 90% of filling degree, and 550°C of calcination temperature. In the calcination process, MoO3 crystal undergone crystal transformation and was completely transformed from h-MoO3 to α-MoO3 at the calcination temperature of 350°C.
Introduction to the special issue: humour and religion, ‘you must be joking?!’
Authors: Martin Paul S , Graham Nicole , Hempelmann Christian F.
Published: April 2024

This paper considers the alleged incompatibility of humour and religion, identifies the need for a multifaceted approach to the study of humour and religion, and spotlights important scholarship on humour and religion. It also outlines how this special issue emerged from an online symposium organized by the editors (Nicole Graham and Paul S Martin) in 2020 titled: The Sacred and The Profanity: Humour, Religion and Ritual, hosted by the University of Bristol and the University of Kent and introduces the various papers which are spread across both the globe and historical periods and which engage various media.
On-chip wavelength division multiplexing by angled multimode interferometer fabricated on erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate on insulator
Authors: Han Jinli , Bao Rui , Wu Rongbo , Liu Zhaoxiang , Wang Zhe , Sun Chao , Zhang Zhihao , Li Mengqi , Fang Zhiwei , Wang Min , Zhang Haisu , Cheng Ya
Published: April 2024

Photonic-integrated circuits based on erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate on insulator has attracted broad interests with insofar various waveguide amplifiers and microlasers demonstrated. Wideband operation facilitated by the broadband absorption and emission of erbium ions necessitates the functional integration of wavelength filter and multiplexer on the same chip. Here, a low-loss wavelength division multiplexer at the resonant pumping and emission wavelengths (∼1480 nm and 1530–1560 nm) of erbium ions based on angled multimode interferometer is realized in the erbium-doped thin film lithium niobate on insulator fabricated by the photolithography assisted chemomechanical etching technique. The minimum on-chip insertion losses of the fabricated device are <0.7 dB for both wavelength ranges, and a 3-dB bandwidth of >20 nm is measured at the telecom C-band. Besides, direct visualization of the multimode interference pattern by the visible upconversion fluorescence of erbium ions compares well with the simulated light propagation in the multimode interferometer. Spectral tuning of the wavelength division multiplexer by structural design is also demonstrated and discussed.
Super-resolution reconstruction method of the optical synthetic aperture image using generative adversarial network
Authors: Chen Jing , Tian Aileen , Chen Ding , Guo Meng , He Dan , Liu Yuwen
Published: April 2024

In order to solve the contradiction between large aperture elements and high-resolution images, in this study, we propose an improved image-resolution method based on generative adversarial network (GAN). First, we analyze the imaging principle of the optical synthetic aperture. Further, we improve a super-resolution GAN; especially, this network uses a multi-scale convolutional cascade to obtain global features of the image, and a multi-scale receptive field block and residual in residual dense block are built to obtain image details. In addition, this study uses the Mish function as the activation function of the discriminator to solve the problems of neuron extreme, gradient explosion, and poor generalization ability of the model. Through simulation, the results show that the proposed method can achieve a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30 dB compared with traditional image super-resolution reconstruction methods for synthetic aperture image. The method proposed has an improvement of 2 dB in the PSNR and 0.016 in structure similarity index measure compared with the original super-resolution GAN. Therefore, this method can effectively reduce the image distortion and improve the quality of image reconstruction.
Does the Design of Welfare Programs Stipulate Nursing Home Utilization? A Comparative Analysis of Long-Term Care Systems in Japan and Germany
Authors: Wende Danny , Karmann Alexander , Sugawara Shinya
Published: April 2024

Japan and Germany are both facing a rapidly aging population and have similar social insurance-based long-term care systems. However, there are significant differences in utilization and costs. This paper presents a microeconomic decision model validated by regression analysis, Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition, and Data Envelopment Analysis to contrast the utilization patterns in the Japanese and German long-term care sectors. The design of the welfare programs for low-income families has been identified as one of the main reasons. In Germany, the welfare system leads to a demand curve for nursing home care that is comparable to that of an inferior good which makes external long-term care in nursing homes the more attractive, the poorer the respective households are. In addition, the resulting inelastic demand of the population groups in need of social benefits seem to reduces competition among Germany’s long-term care providers, which is associated with a loss of efficiency in how they use production factors. In Japan, this negative outcome is avoided by a comfort segmentation in the nursing home market.
Detection of Threshold-Level Stimuli Modulated by Temporal Predictions of the Cerebellum
Authors: Andersen Lau M. , Dalal Sarang S.
Published: April 2024

The cerebellum has the reputation of being a primitive part of the brain that mostly is involved in motor coordination and motor control. Older lesion studies and more recent electrophysiological studies have, however, indicated that it is involved in temporal perception and temporal expectation building. An outstanding question is whether this temporal expectation building cerebellar activity has functional relevance. In this study, we collected magnetoencephalographic data from 30 healthy participants performing a detection task on at-threshold stimulation that was presented at the end of a sequence of temporally regular or irregular above-threshold stimulation. We found that behavioral detection rates depended on the degree of irregularity in the sequence preceding it. We also found cerebellar responses evoked by above-threshold and at-threshold stimulation. The evoked responses to at-threshold stimulation differed significantly, depending on whether it was preceded by a regular or an irregular sequence. Finally, we found that detection performance across participants correlated significantly with the differences in cerebellar evoked responses to the at-threshold stimulation, demonstrating the functional relevance of cerebellar activity in sensory expectation building. We furthermore found evidence of thalamic involvement, as indicated by responses in the beta band (14–30 Hz) and by significant modulations of cerebello-thalamic connectivity by the regularity of the sequence and the kind of stimulation terminating the sequence. These results provide evidence that the temporal expectation building mechanism of the cerebellum, what we and others have called an internal clock, shows functional relevance by regulating behavior and performance in sensory action that requires acting and integrating evidence over precise timescales.
Modified Gritti–Stokes amputation: tips and tricks
Authors: Walthert Laura , Ris Michael , Moerenhout Kevin , Déglise Sébastien , Di Summa Pietro Giovanni , Steinmetz Sylvain
Published: April 2024

Major amputations of the lower extremity may be required after trauma and a variety of underlying diseases such as peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, and malignancies.

The goal of any major amputation is an optimal functional result with a maximum limb length in combination with optimal wound healing. The preservation of the knee joint is essential for successful rehabilitation, and this is best achieved by the Burgess below-knee amputation (BKA).

Whenever a BKA is not possible, the Gritti–Stokes amputation is our first choice.

This technique mainly consists of a through-knee amputation with the creation of a pedicled patella flap consisting of the patella, patellar ligament, and overlying soft tissue. After osteotomy of the distal femur and resection of the articular surface of the patella, the anterior flap is rotated in order to cover the femur defect while performing a patellofemoral arthrodesis.

The aim of this paper is to describe our surgical technique and experience with GSA and to point out the important steps of this procedure.

In conclusion, GSA is an excellent surgical option for patients requiring major lower limb amputations where BKA cannot be considered. Particular attention must be paid to careful preoperative evaluation and optimization of comorbidities. A meticulous surgical technique is warranted, including atraumatic tissue handling and an optimal patellofemoral arthrodesis technique.
Artificial intelligence in diagnosing upper limb musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic tests
Authors: Droppelmann Guillermo , Rodríguez Constanza , Jorquera Carlos , Feijoo Felipe
Published: April 2024

Purpose

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology has revolutionized diagnostics, optimizing precision and decision-making. Specifically in musculoskeletal imaging, AI tools can improve accuracy for upper extremity pathologies. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of AI models in detecting musculoskeletal pathologies of the upper extremity using different imaging modalities.

Methods

A meta-analysis was conducted, involving searches on MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, and SciELO. The quality of the studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Diagnostic accuracy measures including sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR, NLR), area under the curve (AUC), and summary receiver operating characteristic were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity and subgroup analyses were also included. All statistical analyses and plots were performed using the R software package.

Results

Thirteen models from ten articles were analyzed. The sensitivity and specificity of the AI models to detect musculoskeletal conditions in the upper extremity were 0.926 (95% CI: 0.900; 0.945) and 0.908 (95% CI: 0.810; 0.958). The PLR, NLR, lnDOR, and the AUC estimates were found to be 19.18 (95% CI: 8.90; 29.34), 0.11 (95% CI: 0.18; 0.46), 4.62 (95% CI: 4.02; 5.22) with a (P < 0.001), and 95%, respectively.

Conclusion

The AI models exhibited strong univariate and bivariate performance in detecting both positive and negative cases within the analyzed dataset of musculoskeletal pathologies in the upper extremity.
The evolution of poller screws
Authors: Zhou Andrew Kailin , Jou Eric , Lu Victor , Zhang James , Chabra Shirom , Krkovic Matija
Published: April 2024

Compared to other techniques, poller screws with intramedullary nailing are technically simple, practical, and reproducible for the fixation of metaphyseal fractures.

In addition, poller screws do not require special instruments or hardware and are minimally invasive. This review takes a historical perspective to evaluate poller screws holistically.

A non-systematic search on PubMed was performed using ‘Poller screw’ or ‘Blocking screw’ to find early use of poller blocking screws. Relevant references from these primary studies were then followed up.

In 1999, Krettek et al. first coined the term poller screws after the small metal bollards that block and direct traffic.

Poller screws were introduced as an adjunct to aid the union of metaphyseal long bone fractures during intramedullary nailing.

However, as more evidence was published, the true effectiveness of poller screws was not appreciated, leading to split opinions.

Through our research, we have built upon our understanding of poller screws, and we present a novel classification of poller screws over the years while exploring our novel technique and what we believe to be the fourth generation of poller screws.

Currently, there is a paucity of research focussing on poller screws.

However, studying the original evidence regarding poller screws through the most recent articles has demonstrated a confusion of research in this field. Therefore, we suggest a more organised approach to classify the use of poller screws.
Interference in the activity of judicial bodies (Article 376 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine): topical issues of criminal law qualification
Authors: Medytskyi I.B.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of certain problematic issues of criminal law qualification of interference with the judiciary. The author emphasizes the importance of criminal law protection of judicial independence and notes the low quality of work of criminal justice authorities in pre-trial investigation and trial of the relevant category of torts. The article analyzes official statistical data (2020 - 2022) and reveals a critical disproportion between the ratio of criminal proceedings registered by pre-trial investigation authorities and indictments submitted to court, as well as the facts of excessive duration of their consideration by courts.The article summarizes the research positions regarding the distinction between interference with the judiciary and other types of unlawful influence on persons involved in the direct administration of justice through the use of mental or physical violence; destruction or damage to property; and attempts on life (Articles 377-379 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), and identifies two main approaches. The author advocates the position on the correlation of these rules as general and special. The author assesses special rules as the result of differentiation of criminal liability by the legislator. The features of the general rule are detailed in special corpus delicti by specifying the list of victims and methods of criminal behavior. The compliance with the general requirement for the construction of sanctions of criminal law provisions, whereby the sanctions of special provisions (Articles 377-379) differ from the sanctions of the general provision (Article 376) in the direction of strengthening (additional features increase the degree of social danger of torts), should be considered as an additional confirmation. The author supports the position that additional qualification of the guilty subject’s behavior under Article 376 is permissible only if there is a real set of torts.
The project of “social theology” in the teachings of Walter Rauschenbusch
Authors: Khitruk Ekaterina
Published: April 2024

The article examines the question of the possibility of transforming systematic theology in accordance with the main ideas of the "social gospel". This question was formulated in the last significant work of the eminent American theologian of the early twentieth century, Walter Rauschenbusch, Theology for the Social Gospel. The work was published in 1917, a year before the thinker's death. Walter Rauschenbusch was convinced that it was necessary to transform a number of provisions of Christian doctrine, taking into account some important discoveries that became apparent in the context of the social interpretation of Christianity. These "discoveries" seem new only from the standpoint of historical Christianity, which was seriously influenced by the mystical, metaphysical and ascetic tendencies of the Greco-Roman intellectual tradition alien to it. In reality, according to V. Raushenbush, these “discoveries” of the social gospel were part of the original content of the Christian gospel and are now again updated in the context of social interpretation. W. Rauschenbusch refers to such provisions of the social gospel, which should be introduced into systematic Christian theology, the following ideas: 1. A broader interpretation of the nature of evil (evil has not only an individual, but also a social nature). Evil is rooted not only in a person's freedom, but also in some social institutions that incline a person's will to a vicious life. 2. “Limiting the theological weight” of the doctrine of the original sin in order to educate Christians in active enthusiasm instead of passive contrition for the fall, the consequences of which no one can overcome. 3. Salvation has both a personal and a social dimension. The personal conversion of a Christian is necessarily linked to his social mission. Social responsibility should not be seen as a secondary consequence of acquiring personal faith. One is unthinkable without the other. By acquiring personal faith, a person also acquires social responsibility towards other people. 4. Democratic character of theology instead of despotic. Theology should be guided by the gospel understanding of God as a loving and merciful Father. 5. Social interpretation of eschatology. The posthumous existence of people in heaven and hell should not be regarded as a state of "eternal rest". It is necessary to admit the existence of active love in paradise, which will contribute to the correction of sinners and the perfection of the righteous. It is an eschatology of hope instead of an eschatology of punishment.
A case of pericardial cyst removed by single-incision minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Agar Mehmet , Gulcek Ilham , Kalkan Muhammed
Published: April 2024

Pericardial cysts, which are frequently detected incidentally on routine chest scans, are typically considered to be congenital anomalies. They are generally asymptomatic and have a good prognosis. Pericardial cysts are usually located in the cardiophrenic area, have a thin wall, contain clear fluid, and are often not associated with the pericardium. Although it has a low malignant potential, the recommended treatment for these lesions is total excision due to the risk of recurrence. A case of pericardial cyst detected incidentally and to excised with single incision video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (SIVATS) is presented.
Improving Identification of Firearm Access in Children With Mental Health Complaints
Authors: Uspal Neil G. , Nichols Julia , Strelitz Bonnie , Bradford Miranda C. , Rutman Lori E.
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE

To determine if electronic medical record (EMR) changes and implementation of a study on firearm storage practices changed identification of firearm exposure in children presenting to a pediatric emergency department (PED) with mental health complaints. We also sought to determine the accuracy of information collected on firearm storage practices.

METHODS

Retrospective study of EMR documentation of firearm exposure in PED patients with mental health complaints from January 20, 2015 until November 20, 2017. EMR changes occurred on January 20, 2016 and the firearms study began on February 13, 2016. The primary outcome was documentation of firearm exposure. Secondary outcomes were documentation of unsafe firearm storage practices. We also examined differences between clinical and research documentation of unsafe firearm storage practices post-intervention. We compared groups using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. We used statistical process control to examine the relationship between interventions and changes in outcomes.

RESULTS

5582 encounters were examined. Identification of firearm exposure increased from 11 to 17% postintervention. Identification of unsafe storage practices increased from 1.9% to 4.4% across all encounters. Special cause variation in both metrics occurred concurrently with the interventions. Postintervention, unsafe firearms storage practices in firearm owning families were under-identified (39% identified as not triple-safe in clinical data vs 75% in research data).

CONCLUSIONS

EMR changes and implementation of a firearms study improved identification of firearm exposure and unsafe storage practices in families of PED patients being evaluated for mental health complaints. However, unsafe storage practices continued to be under-identified in firearm-owning families.
CУЧАСНИЙ ЕКСПЕРТНИЙ ПІДХІД У ПРАКТИЦІ СУДОВИХ ПСИХОЛОГІВ: ОЦІНКА ПРАВДИВОСТІ ПОКАЗАНЬ
Authors: Богучарова О.І. , Шаповалов В.О.
Published: April 2024

У статті наведено результати порівняльного дослідження англомовних європейських та вітчизняних методів диференційної психологічної оцінки достовірності показань свідків, потерпілих, підозрюваних (лайдетекція). Потреба цього дослідження продиктована низкою обставин: надмірним поширенням в українських судах такої форми протидії розслідуванню злочинів і правосуддя як неправдиві показання, посиленням агресивності у приховуванні доказів, а також підвищенням ролі експерта-психолога в суді у зв’язку із змінами вітчизняного законодавства. За зразок англомовних методів лайдетекції оглянуто типові щодо використання в судовій практиці Європи систему оцінки валідності тверджень (SVA), критеріальний контент-аналіз (СBCA) та аналіз обставин отримання показань (Validity Checklist). Вітчизняний доробок лайдетекції представлено методикою нової судово-психологічної експертизи (за відеозаписом слідчих (розшукових) дій і оперативно-розшукових заходів). Встановлено, що цю експертизу відрізняє від таких само, але англомовних видів міждисциплінарний, інтеграційний характер, більша процесуалізація, технологізація, комп’ютеризація, опертя на ймовірнісну, а не причинно-наслідкову техніко-статистичну методологію. Показано добру диференційну валідність обох, європейських та вітчизняних, видів лай-детекції як змістовно, так і за статистикою, але й потребу перевірки даних як психологічними, так і криміналістичними засобами за наявності експансії «критичних зон» лжесвідчень у показаннях. Зроблено висновок про те, що попри деякі недоліки, запровадження методів лайдетекції та психологічних методів допитування сприятиме підвищенню вірогідності правдивих показань у поліцейських кримінальних провадженнях і судово-психологічних експертизах та допоможе досягненню прозорості в засобах отримання доказів у вітчизняній слідчій, судовій та експертно-психологічній практиці.
ЕМОЦІЙНІ СТАНИ СТУДЕНТІВ НА СЕМІНАРСЬКИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАНЯТТЯХ: ГЕНДЕРНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Грицук О.В.
Published: April 2024

У статті представлено результати теоретичного аналізу проблеми емоційних станів студентів у закладах вищої освіти та емпіричного дослідження гендерних особливостей емоційних станів на семінарських навчальних заняттях. Розглянуто психологічні особливості семінарського заняття як засобу розвитку особистості й набуття професійно важливих компетентностей. В ході емпіричного дослідження виявлено гендерні особливості емоційних станів студентів протягом усього процесу навчання з першого по шостий курси. Встановлено ступінь вираженості самопочуття, активності та настрою у студентів І–VІ курсів.
Evaluación y Mejora del Mantenimiento del Potencial Donante en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos del Hospital San Pablo de Coquimbo, Chile
Authors: Machuca Contreras Felipe
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Mejorar los Cuidados del Potencial Donante en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital San Pablo de Coquimbo. Material y Método: 6 criterios fueron establecidos, en relación a los cuidados del potencial donante. Se realizó la evaluación del cumplimiento de estos criterios de forma previa y posterior de la intervención de mejora. En relación a la monitorización neurológica, fisiológica, ventilatoria, hematológico, electrolítica y renal. Resultados: En la evaluación inicial se obtuvieron un 21,7% de incumplimientos, en la segunda evaluación se obtuvo un 12,3%, esta segunda evaluación se realizado tras la intervención. En el primer criterio se obtuvo ninguna diferencia siendo su basal 100% de cumplimientos, para los 4 criterios siguientes no existió un nivel de significancia aprobatorio y en el caso del sexto criterio si existió significancia (p = 0,023). En todos los criterios se obtuvo mejora absoluta y mejora relativa. Conclusiones: Con la utilización de criterios claros y definidos de mantención del potencial donante existe una mejora en términos absolutos y relativos, con las intervenciones planteadas y siendo de significancia la mantención de diuresis en rangos fisiológicos. Poniendo en énfasis que el paciente cadáver por su complejidad e implicancias para la donación efectiva debe tener una monitorización continua y efectiva, integrando en su totalidad al equipo de salud.
Análisis Literario : Un Enfoque de la Alfabetización Crítica al Uso de una Novela en la Enseñanza de la Enfermería
Authors: Beryl Hull Melodie
Published: April 2024

Hay pruebas que sugieren que el uso de la literatura no académica es muy adecuado para su inclusión en la educación de la enfermería. El análisis literario se diferencia de una revisión de la literatura de revistas profesionales. Una novela, por ejemplo, ofrece un enfoque innovador para el aprendizaje de los demás; permite desarrollar la empatía y realmente llegar a conocer a otros en el contexto de su vida (fenomenología). Las novelas pueden ejemplificar los conceptos fundamentales de enfermería, incluso cuando los temas en la historia no parecen estar relacionadas con la salud. Una novela bien elegida puede ser un vehículo para la exploración de conceptos de enfermería de la salud, las relaciones, los valores, el pensamiento crítico, los determinantes sociales de la salud y así sucesivamente. El educador que actúa en el papel de guía experto, llama la atención de los estudiantes y les ayuda a interpretar los textos. Además, su capacidad para buscar y evaluar críticamente una novela por su valor potencial para la educación de enfermería, es crucial para la apertura de posibilidades, yendo más allá de la palabra superficial para descubrir el significado verdadero y profundo. Para entender esto, enfermeras educadoras se beneficiarán de los conceptos clave en el análisis literario, la alfabetización crítica y el análisis crítico. Este documento ofrece eso; una exploración de la identidad y las similitudes entre los conceptos de pedagogía crítica y enfermería. Proporciona una base para esta innovadora propuesta docente, importante para los resultados de los estudiantes. El valor se añade al aprender, cuando son capaces de generalizar lo que se aprende en el aula y por medio de los libros de texto a otros contextos, ya que no toda la enfermería se produce en el marco estricto de la medicina. Una novela facilita esta transición. La motivación puede ser mejorada así, cuando los estudiantes tienen una tarea basada en una novela en lugar de simplemente libros de texto, artículos de revistas, conferencias y son los temas los que realmente les interesan. Se proporcionan ejemplos para ilustrar estos puntos.
Übersetzungsmöglichkeiten der Eigennamen in der Kinderliteratur
Authors: Likaj Marsela , Kristo Ema
Published: April 2024

The importance of children‘s literature and its translation occupies a special position all over the world, as the target groups of readers are children. Using three different children‘s books translated from German into Albanian, the various possibilities of translating personal names in children‘s literature are examined. Due to these different children‘s books, it is examined which principles can or must be used to translate the names, and whether the fact that it is children‘s literature has a particular effect on the translation process and the results. In this article, the central terms include children‘s literature, proper names, alienated and naturalizing translations.
Reshaping Smiles: A Successful Clinical Case with Botulinum Toxin for Gummy Smile Reduction
Authors: Dall'Magro Alessandra Kuhn , Dallepiane Felipe Gomes , Martin Júlia Calliari , Nicolini Priscila , Marques Stefanello Paulo Ricardo , Spanenberg Führ Marciele Cristiane , Trentin Micheline Sandini , Dall'Magro Eduardo , De Carli João Paulo
Published: April 2024

The use of botulinum toxin (BTX) represents an effective and safe approach in treating the gummy smile, reducing excessive gum exposure during smiling. This minimally invasive procedure can yield remarkable aesthetic results and contribute to an increase in the patient's self-confidence. The aim of this study is to report a clinical case of a female patient undergoing treatment to correct a gummy smile. The case study involves a 21-year-old patient with excessive gum exposure (5 mm when smiling) who sought dental treatment. The origin of her gummy smile was mixed, and the treatment involved the application of 6 units of BTX type A at three specific points on the face. No complications were observed during the three-month follow-up period. Based on the case report, it can be concluded that BTX application for gummy smile treatment proved to be effective, safe, and comfortable in terms of recovery. The BTX approach to correcting a gummy smile is considered safe and entails straightforward recovery, producing satisfactory results that contribute to the improvement of aesthetics and the patient's well-being.
Temperamental properties and personality organisation in individuals with alcohol dependence
Authors: Basińska Patrycja , Czerwińska Alicja
Published: April 2024

Introduction and aim: The clinical approach to the diagnosis of mental disorders focuses on identifying mechanisms that predispose to pathology. Temperament, which is determined by biological factors, mediates, among others, the need for stimulation, which may manifest in risky behaviours, including problematic alcohol use. The aim of the study was to verify the relationships between temperamental properties and dimensions of personality organisation in alcohol-dependent individuals. Materials and methods: The study involved 91 alcohol-dependent individuals (26 women and 65 men). We used the PTS Temperament Questionnaire to measure the strength of excitation, the strength of inhibition and the mobility of nervous processes; the Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) to assess the dimensions of personality organisation: primitive defences, identity diffusion, reality testing, aggression and moral values; as well as a demographic questionnaire. Results: Significant relationships were found between the strength of inhibition and mobility of nervous processes with all dimensions of personality organisation: primitive defences, identity diffusion and the ability to test reality, as well as aggression and moral values. The strongest relationship was demonstrated between the strength of inhibition and aggression. A weak, negative correlation was also noted between the strength of excitation and identity diffusion. Exploratory analyses further showed that the stronger the temperament type (higher strength of excitation and inhibition), the smaller the impairment of personality organisation in the group of alcohol-dependent individuals. The most severe disorders of personality organisation were shown by alcohol-dependent individuals with a weak temperament. Conclusions: Both correlational and exploratory analyses have shown that biologically determined temperamental traits are related to the abnormally developed personality organisation in alcohol-dependent individuals.