bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nursesâ€™ Awareness and Participation in Mandatory Continuing Professional Development in the Philippines: A Pilot Survey
Authors: Oducado Ryan Michael Flores , Palma Julie Anne Faye SobrepeÃ±a
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Mandatory Continuing Professional Development (CPD) in the Philippines is relatively new. The purpose of the study was to determine nursesâ€™ awareness and participation in CPD in the Philippines. Methods: This descriptive survey was conducted among nurses (n=30) in a private hospital in Iloilo City. A researcher-made survey tool was used to gather data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U to test for differences between variables. Results: Results indicated that were nurses were generally aware of the CPD law and its implementing rules and regulations (IRR). However, while nurses understood the concept of CPD and the renewal requirements of the CPD Act, more than half were not aware of learning activities under Self-Directed Learning and that nurses can earn CPD credit units through online CPD programs. Almost half were unaware that excess CPD cannot be carried over to the next three-year period, and more than one-third were unaware that only completed post baccalaureate degree programs can be used to earn CPD credit units. There were no significant differences in the awareness of nurses when grouped according to sex, age, civil status, position, salary, and length of work experience. Seminars and workshops were the most common CPD activities participated by nurses in the last 12 months. Conclusion: Addressing the common information gaps regarding the CPD law identified in this study may assist in increasing nursesâ€™ support in the implementation of the mandatory CPD among nurses.
A STUDY ON MANAGEMENT OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS IN CONTEXT OF INDIAN BANKING SYSTEM
Authors: Garg Ankit
Published: April 2020

Non-performing Asset is one of the prevalent problem of Indian Banking sector. For the past three decades, the banking system has several outstanding achievements to its credit. Many banks are facing the problem of NPAs which hampers the business of the banks. Nonperforming assets are a drain to the banks. Various research studies have been conducted to analyze the root causes of NPA. The following study tries to understand the concept of NPA, its causes and impact on profitability. The problem of NPA impacts profitability, Liquidity and results in credit loss. Unless and otherwise proper remedial measures are taken the quantum of non-performing assets cannot be reduced and the bank will incur losses to a great extent.
ICT ADOPTION AND SME’S: A CONTEXTUAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Garg Ankit
Published: April 2020

The present paper is based on the objective of impact of ICT on small scale industrial units of India. An attempt to discuss the different challenges in the sector and overcoming them to make the small scale industries competitive through academic literature. SME’s plays central role in the overall growth of the industrial economy of the country. SME’s in India are known as the backbone of the economy. The reason behind is that these enterprises are employing about 40% of India's workforce and contributing 45% to India's manufacturing output, they play a significant role in generating millions of jobs, especially at the low-skill level. The country's 1.3 million SME account for 40% of India's total exports. The current scenario clearly states that the growth of our economy is impossible without the growth and development of these enterprises but these enterprises are far behind the large counterparts in the economy. The aim of this paper is to study how and why SMEs acquire or adopt ICT and the challenges surrounding the process.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM WITH GRID
Authors: Bharti Pradeep , Sharma A.K.
Published: April 2020

In this paper , we are discuss about the solar power and grid connection , in this way we are use the various component such as PV Cells battery inverter, and grid power , after that all component are assembled . This system is optimized design of grid-connected PV system with storage, which is suitable for appliances. This system has requires less installment cost and supplies residential loads with the grid.
EKONOMI ISLAM DAN PERANANNYA DALAM MEMBENTUK MASYARAKAT MADANI
Authors: Toni Agus
Published: April 2020

Islamic economics that exist in the midst of a pluralistic society becomes its own barometer in conducting transactions in accordance with the nature of monotheism and humanity. As the substantive representation of the existence of Islam on this earth, which is called giving benefits wherever the and whenever are alternating for nature and its inhabitants, the Islamic economy must be able to respond to the society's movement from economic practices. The condition of the conventional system which is always alternating as a cause of the domination of the concept imposed by the authority makers to the public gives the impression of a human like a lab rat object. As a result the term social-levelling emerged with a set of inherent consequences.

Islamic economics arises from a set of Islamic laws (al-Quran and hadith) as a source of primary law and ijtihad ulama 'as a secondary tool to give legitimacy to the interests and rights of every individual, society and government to obtain them without giving great consequences or losses to others. Deconstruction of human behavior in doing life to be adapted to the substance of Islam in relation to doing life become special for the Prophet Muhammad and his companions and tabi'i, tabi'in and ulama in the past and present in the framework of the development of behavior or ethics that substantially have the value of worship in the presence of God and has a positive value in the eyes of humans to become culture of the community itself as what has been realized by the Prophet in the city of Medina as a country that has a high civilization. This condition by scholars is termed Madani society or tamaddun society.

Key words: Economy, Islam, Civil Society, Tamaddun.
ANALISIS JALUR PERILAKU KONSUMEN DALAM BERMEDIA SOSIAL DAN CITRA USAHA TERHADAP MINAT BERKUNJUNG KE RUMAH MAKAN MIE AYAM
Authors: Anita Sumelvia Dewi Diana Ambarwati Dan
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the total direct and indirect effects of consumer behavior in social media on the interest in visiting the Pak Kumis Chicken Noodle restaurant greater than 0.5 (50%). In this study, researchers conducted an associative approach with the variables studied, namely consumer behavior in social media taking, visiting interest and business image. The population in this study were 29 consumers who visited the Pak Kumis Chicken Noodles restaurant in Kediri and were willing to fill out the questionnaire in the middle of January 2018. The data analysis used path analysis techniques and sampling techniques using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques are carried out by conducting a survey to the research location through a questionnaire by submitting the questions to be filled in by the respondent in the middle of January 2018.

From this study, it can be concluded that consumer behavior in social media directly influences the interest of visitation, consumer behavior in social media does not have an indirect effect through corporate image, and interests have an indirect effect through corporate image. The other variables that can affect the interest of visitation such as promotion, suitability between wants and needs, and other things that need to be considered for future research. It is hoped that there will be other variables that influence the interest of visitation which need to be considered by the next researcher or object of research.

Key words: Consumer behavior in social media taking, interest of visitation, business image
PRODUKSI BERAS KEMASAN PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN BISNIS ISLAM
Authors: Latif Abdul
Published: April 2020

Production is a human activity to produce goods and services which is then used by consumers. While Islamic business management is idea about how to regulate, manage, and run a business or convenient business with Islamic sharia.The Production process of packed rice that happened to UD Albas Jaya through several processes, start from the search for raw materials to packaging.In passing all these stages should be done properly and correctly as taught by the Islamic religion. This study intends to determine (1) the production process of packed rice at UD Albas Jaya Putih Village, Gampengrejo District, Kediri Regency, (2) knowing the process of packed rice production at UD Albas Jaya Putih Village, Gampengrejo District, Kediri Regency, in terms of Islamic business management. This study used qualitative approach to the type of case study research in the field and descriptive research design. The informants in this study arePacked rice producers, employees and surrounding communities and agents. The method of data collection in collecting data used observation and interview. As for data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that there are several production processes at UD Albas Jaya, including; First, preparation of raw materials (grain) that prioritizes good quality rice, by way of business owners going down to the field to make the selection of raw materials, then if the price of raw materials rises the producers do not increase the prices of their products. Second, the process of breaking the skin, does not cause environmental pollution because the waste can be resold. Third, the process of polishing rice, in addition to polishing rice which is still new, UD Albas Jaya also polishes rice that has not been sold for a long time to appear white again. Fourth, the packaging process, mixing old rice with new rice, as well as imperfect in weighing.fifth, the storage process.See from the production process, the production process of UD Albas Jaya is not in accordance with Islamic business management, because there are still production behaviors that are not in accordance with Islamic business management principles such as; polish old rice to make it look white again, mix new rice with old rice, and less to perfect the scales.
NILAI FILOSOFIS KEADILAN DALAM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Mutafarida Binti
Published: April 2020

The concept of justice in Islam is different from the concept of justice in islamicteachings. Teaching justice in various aspects of life, justice does not mean thesame between one person with another, between one group with another group or between one region to another.In Islamic concept, justice means everyone gets based on their rights. In Al Quran verses also explain about justice concept, either justice in distribution matters, consumption or others. In Economics, justice also has to establish that including eliminating inequality in income. The principle of justice in Islamic economic system is contrary to the capitalist concept which develops the trickle-down effect principle, besides the characteristic of the capitalist economy is private ownership. Whereas in Islam the principles of justice enforcement are ukhuwah (brotherhood), mahabbah (mutual love), takaful (help each other) and ta'awun (mutual help). In Islam the ultimate goal of the concept of justice is welfare (falah) and not the accumulation of wealth.Keywords: The concept of justice, Islamic teachings, Islamic economics
A novel flow cytometric method to study cytotoxic activity in whole blood samples
Authors: Rico Laura G. , Ward Mike D. , Bradford Jolene A. , Petriz Jordi
Published: April 2020

We have developed a quantitative method for cell-mediated cytotoxicity studies, preserving cellular function with minimal sample manipulation. Cytotoxic activity is simply and reproducibly measured as the ability of cytotoxic cells to lyse K562 target cells previously loaded with Calcein-AM vital stain. After spiking a known number of fluorescent viable K562 target cells into whole blood, cell mixtures are incubated for 2 hours in a cell incubator and the remaining spiked cells are counted by flow cytometry. In order to discriminate nucleated cells, erythrocytes and debris, unlysed whole blood is stained with a cell permeable DNA vital fluorescent dye. Cell-mediated lysis is measured by comparing target counts for different effector-to-target ratios. Since the cytotoxicity of these dyes is relatively low, this method can be broadly applied to studies of innate immune response to tumors and infections, especially where target-killing activity might be compromised by small volume samples or low frequency of cytotoxic cells.
The Introduction of the Concept of the Electric Field
Authors: Tahara Hiroki
Published: April 2020

電磁気学ノート2　電場概念の導入について
PERANGKAT KERAS KOMPUTER (HARDWARE)
Authors: Mawaddah Putri
Published: April 2020

Perangkat keras komputer adalah bagian terluar dari suatu komputer. Dalam komputer terdapat 2 jenis perangkat yaitu perangkat keras (hard ware) dan perangkat lunak (soft ware). Komputer yang dapat dilihat dan diraba adalah bagian dari perangkat keras komputer. Pada makalah saya kali ini saya akan membahas tentang perangkat keras komputer.Apa yang dimaksud dengan hardware? Pertanyaan ini kelihatannya mudah untuk dijawab, namun juga ternyata rumit dalam menjelaskannya. Banyak orang hanya mengenal hardware namun tidak dapat mendefinisikan pengertian dari hardware itu sendiri. Hardware adalah perangkat keras yang ada pada komputer dan dapat dilihat serta diraba. Perangkat keras komputer mempunyai peran yang sangat penting, tanpa adanya perangkat keras komputer kita tidak akan dapat menggunakan komputer, sama halnya dengan software atau perangkat lunak pada komputer apabila rusak maka kita tidak dapat menggunakan komputer secara baik dan seperti biasanya. Contoh dari perangkat keras komputer adalah: keyboard, mouse, scanner, CD or DVD, joystik, monitor, printer, RAM, dan masih banyak lagi.Kata kunci : Hardware (perangkat keras komputer)
Which Implementations of Loot Boxes Constitute Gambling? A UK Legal Perspective on the Potential Harms of Random Reward Mechanisms
Authors: Xiao Leon Y.
Published: April 2020

Loot boxes are virtual items in video games that offer the player randomised in-game rewards of uncertain in-game and real-world value. Paid loot boxes represent a lucrative and prevalent contemporary monetisation method that encourages repeat purchase through randomisation. The psychology literature has consistently reported a relationship between loot boxes and problem gambling. However, various implementations of loot boxes have not been sufficiently differentiated and separately examined. The literature and gambling regulators have generally argued that only loot boxes that cost real-world money to buy, and offer rewards that can be transferred to other players and are consequently worth real-world money, constitute ‘gambling.’ This paper identifies the potential harms of two other types of loot box: one does not cost real-world money to buy and the other does not offer rewards that are worth real-world money and argues that both may constitute ‘gambling’ under UK law. This paper hypothesises that even loot boxes that neither cost real-world money to buy nor offer rewards that are worth real-world money may be potentially harmful as they may normalise gambling behaviours. This paper highlights that, when the game’s design and economy are exploited by players, a particular implementation of loot boxes may involve real-world money, potentially contrary to the game company’s intentions, and thereby effectively constitute ‘gambling.’ This paper recommends that future empirical research separately examine the potential harms of each type of loot box.
Why We Imagine Our Future: Introducing the Functions of Future Thinking Scale (FoFTS)
Authors: Hallford David John , D'Argembeau Arnaud
Published: April 2020

Imagining future events is a crucial cognitive process in adaptation, but impairments have been identified in a range of mental disorders. Taking a functional approach to future thinking, this paper reports on the development and deployment of a scale to assess the frequency of self-reported functions of future thinking: The Functions of Future Thinking Scale (FoFTS). In Study 1 (N = 565) items were developed and subjected to exploratory factor analysis. Ten factors were extracted representing distinct purposes of future thinking: Boredom Reduction, Death Preparation, Identity Contrasting, Negative Emotion Regulation, Social Bonding, Goal Setting, Planning, Problem-Solving, Decision-Making, and Positive Emotion Regulation. Construct, convergent and divergent validity were established. The FoFTS predicted unique variance in transdiagnostic variables even after accounting for frequency, attitudes, and clarity of future thought. In Study 2 (N = 467), confirmatory factor analysis showed the 10-factor FoFTS model was an excellent fit to the data. In Study 3 (N = 106) it was shown that participants with probable major depression, relative to non-depressed participants, reported a significantly different profile of future thinking for different purposes. In conclusion, the FoFTS can be used to examine future thinking from a functional perspective and may help enrich models of psychopathology.
Improving Statistical Analysis in Team Science: The Case of a Bayesian Multiverse of Many Labs 4
Authors: Hoogeveen Suzanne , Berkhout Sophie Wilhelmina , Gronau Quentin Frederik , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Haaf Julia M.
Published: April 2020

Team science projects have become the gold standard for assessing the replicability and variability of key findings in psychological science. However, we believe the typical meta-analytic approach in these projects fails to match the wealth of collected data. Instead, we advocate the use of Bayesian hierarchical modeling for team science projects, potentially extended in a multiverse analysis. We illustrate this full-scale analysis by applying it to the recently published Many Labs 4 project. This project aimed to replicate the mortality salience effect – that being reminded of one’s own death strengthens the own cultural identity. In a multiverse analysis we assess the robustness of the results with varying data inclusion criteria and prior settings. Bayesian model comparison results largely converge to a common conclusion: the data provide evidence against a mortality salience effect across the majority of our analyses. We issue general recommendations to facilitate full-scale analyses in team science projects.
The effect of phantom stimulation and pseudomonophasic pulse shapes on pitch perception by cochlear implant listeners
Authors: Lamping Wiebke , Deeks John M. , Marozeau Jeremy , Carlyon Robert P.
Published: April 2020

It has been suggested that a specialised high-temporal-acuity brainstem pathway can be activated by stimulating more apically in the cochlea than is achieved by cochlear implants (CIs) when programmed with contemporary clinical settings. Muliple experiments were carried out to test the effect of phantom stimulation and asymmetric current pulses, both supposedly stimulating beyond the most apical electrode of a CI, on pitch perception. The two stimulus types were generated using a bipolar electrode pair, composed of the most apical electrode of the array and a neighbouring, more basal electrode. Experiment 1 used a pitch-ranking procedure where neural excitation was shifted apically or basally using so-called phantom stimulation. No benefit of apical stimulation was found on the highest rate up to which pitch ranks increased, nor on the slopes of the pitch-ranking function above 300 pulses per second (pps). Experiment 2 used the same procedure to study the effects of asymmetric pseudomonophasic pulses, where the locus of excitation was manipulated by changing stimulus polarity. A benefit of apical stimulation was obtained only for the slopes above 300 pps. Experiment 3 used an adaptive rate discrimination procedure and a small but significant benefit of apical stimulation was found. Overall the results show some benefit for apical stimulation on temporal pitch processing at high pulse rates but reveal that the effect is rather small and highly variable across listeners. The results also provide some indication that the benefit of apical stimulation may decline over time since implantation.
Towards a model of uncertainty distress in the context of Coronavirus (Covid-19)
Authors: Freeston Mark H , Tiplady Ashley , Mawn Lauren , Bottesi Gioia , Thwaites Sarah
Published: April 2020

The paper forms part of a series of papers outlining the theoretical framework for a new model of uncertainty distress (this paper), treatment implications arising from the model, and empirical tests of the model. We define uncertainty distress as the subjective negative emotions experienced in response to the as yet unknown aspects of a given situation. In the first paper we drawn on a robust body of research on distinct areas including: threat models of anxiety, perceived illness uncertainty and intolerance of uncertainty. We explore how threat and uncertainty are separable in anxiety and how we can understand behaviours in response to uncertainty. Finally, we propose a clinically, theoretically, and empirically informed model for uncertainty distress and outline how this model can be tested. Caveats, clinical applications and practitioner key points are briefly included, although these are more fully outlined in the treatment implications article. While we outline this model in the context of novel coronavirus (Covid-19), the model has broader applications to both mental and physical health care settings.
Open defecation free: where do we need to focus ?
Authors: Adhikari Ramesh , Ghimire Sudha
Published: April 2020

BackgroundDespite major national and international efforts, many households in Nepal (as in other low-income and middle-income countries) still lack toilets. This paper assesses various determinants that act as main contributing factors because of which households in Nepal still do not have toilets.

MethodsData from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) 2016 was used for this study. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the association between dependent variables (toilet status- having and not having toilets in the household) and independent variables (demographic, socio-economic and geographical characteristics) using Chi-square test. Then, a multi variate logistic regression model was used to assess significant predictors for a household not having a toilet after controlling other variables.

ResultsOut of the total number of sampled households (11040), nearly a fifth (18%) belonged to province no. 2, where nearly half of the households (49%) did not have toilet facilities. Similarly, households in rural areas were found to be less likely to have toilets than households in urban areas (aOR=1.56, CI1.35-1.80). In the Terai, households were almost ten times as likely not to have toilets (aOR=9.65, CI6.56-14.19) as compared to households in the mountain region. Furthermore, there is a strong positive association between households with toilets and their economic status. Poorest (aOR=15.19, CI11.26-20.47), poorer (aOR=8.75, CI6.89-11.11) and middle income (aOR=5.12, CI4.15-6.32) households were less likely to have a toilet than richer or richest households.

ConclusionsDespite some real achievements and progress in Open Defecation Free (ODF) status, Nepal still has a large number of residences without a toilet. Thus, it is crucial to address all the multifaceted factors such as geographical, provincial and economic when considering sustainable ODF programming.
Measurement of cephalic and facial indices among students of KUSMS
Authors: Mansur Dil Islam , Maskey Sunima , Shrestha Pragya , Shrestha Anupama , Sharma Kalpana , Yadav Avinay
Published: April 2020

Background: The description of the human face has been a major concern since long time. Indi­vidual identification is one such field where anthropometric parameters, especially cephalo-facial measurements, are an important tool in determining the various shapes of head and face. Hence the objective of the study was to determine the shapes of head and face.

Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional and observational type which consisted of 222 individuals (115 female and 107 male). It was conducted from January to June, 2019 after receiving ethical approval. The cephalic and facial indices were derived after measuring length and breadth of head and face. The collected data was entered in excel and analyzed with SPSS (22.0).

Results: The present study observed that the most common type of face was hyperleptoprosopic 168 (75.68%) followed by leptoprosopic 43 (19.37%), mesoprosopic 10 (4.50% female only) and euryprosopic 1 (0.93% male only). Similarly, the most common type of head was dolicocephalic 165 (74.33%), followed by mesocephalic 51 (22.97%), and brachycephalic 6 (2.70%).

Conclusions: This study concluded that the hyperleptoprosopic face was most common type and the least common type was euryprosopic face. The most common type of head was found to be dolicocephalic and the least common type was found to be brachycephalic.
Left ventricle ejection fraction estimation by point of care echocardiography in patients admitted in intensive care unit
Authors: Rana Suraj , Shrestha Bishow Kumar , Pant Chiranjibi , Adhikari Shital , Regmi Sudhir
Published: April 2020

Background: Point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) by non-cardiologist is a safe and rapidly evolving diagnostic modality for the assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This study aims to correlate the eyeball estimation of LVEF (EBEF) with modified Simpson’s method and linear measurement in M-mode parasternal long axis view (PLAX).

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College. POCUS was performed in all ICU patients on the day of admission with optimal image acquisition and LVEF was estimated by three different methods and correlation of results were analyzed. 

Results: Out of total 52 patients studied, median age was 58.38 ± 17.58 years (range: 24 – 89 years). There were 28 males (53.8%) and 24 females (46.2%) in this study. LVEF measured by eyeballing method and modified Simpson’s method had excellent correlation (Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) = 0.956, P<0.001). However, there was only a good correlation (r= 0.882, P<0.001) between linear measurement method in M-mode view and Simpson’s method. It was found that eyeballing method underestimates EF as measured by Simpson’s method by an average of 2.33% (95% CI: 1.12 – 3.55%).Similarly, EF measurement by linear method overestimates EF as compared to results observed by Simpson’s method by an average of 6.57% (95% CI: 4.87 – 8.27%).

Conclusions: Excellent correlation was observed between EBEF and modified Simpson’s method while linear measurements in M-mode may give incorrect estimation of EF especially in patients with regional wall motion abnormality.
Knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls of selected schools, Chitwan
Authors: Neupane Mamata Sharma , Sharma Kalpana , Bista Archana Pandey , Subedi Subash , Lamichhane Sandesh
Published: April 2020

Background: Menstrual hygiene is very important aspect for adolescent girls and proper men­strual hygiene has not been sufficiently addressed in developing countries including Nepal. This study aimed to assess the knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent girls studying in selected schools of Chitwan district. A total 193 girls who had menstrual flow experience for at least three consecutive menstrual cycles were selected as sample using the consecutive sampling technique. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: Most of the girls knew about menstruation as physiological process, normal age of men­struation, and causes of menstruation as hormonal change. Overall, 66.8% of girls had adequate level of knowledge on menstruation. Regarding practice, 94.8% cleaned their genitalia properly, 93.8% used the sanitary pads, and 97.4% wrapped and disposed the pads in dustbin after use. Over­all, 72.5% of girls had good level of menstrual hygiene practices. Adolescent girl’s age and grade, and occupation status of their father were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with menstrual hygiene practice. Further, significant positive relationship found between knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice.

Conclusions: One third of adolescent girls have inadequate knowledge on menstruation and one fourth have poor menstrual hygiene practice. Therefore, an awareness and advocacy programs on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices are needed for the adolescent girls to safeguard themselves against reproductive tract infections.
Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris: A case report
Authors: Baral Radha , Ojha Bidhata , Bajracharya Dipshikha
Published: April 2020

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease clinically presenting as vesicles, bullae and erosion on the skin and mucous membrane. Histopathologically, it is characterized by acantholy­sis and supra basilar split. The underlying mechanism causing intra epithelial split in pemphigus vulgaris is binding of IgG autoantibodies to desmoglin 3 which belongs to a transmembrane gly­coprotein adhesion molecule. Here we present a case of 27 years old male patient suffering from pemphigus vulgaris. This Case report highlights the importance of detailed case history, thorough clinical examination and appropriate investigation to reach a diagnosis of vesiculobullous lesion.
Neuroendocrine Tumor of Larynx: A Case Report
Authors: Paudel Deepak , Shrestha Amod , Chettri Shyam Thapa , Sah Bajrang Prasad , Upadhyaya Paricha
Published: April 2020

Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx are rare but are the second most common tumors of the region.  It is difficult disease to diagnose due to clinical and pathological heterogeneity of the condition. We report a 50 year old non-smoker lady with neuroendocrine tumor of supraglottic region of the larynx who was managed with endoscopic excision of the tumor and had no recurrence till 2 years of follow up.
Fixed-dose versus height and weight-adjusted dose of intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in elective cesarean section: A comparative study
Authors: K.C. Kiran Kumar , Shrestha Amir Babu , Shrestha Sangeeta
Published: April 2020

Background: Spinal anesthesia is the preferred anesthetic technique for cesarean deliveries. But there is a dosage dilemma regarding block to the desired level and preventing hypotension. We aim to study effects of fixed dose with height and weight-adjusted dose of intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine during elective cesarean section.

Methods: Eighty-eight singleton term parturients were enrolled and divided into two groups, Group FD (Fixed Dose) and CD (Calculated Dose) in this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Group FD received 2.2 ml and CD received a height and weight adjusted calculated dose based on Harten's chart. Hemodynamic changes, onset time to sensory block to T6, maximum block in 20 minutes, and adverse effects were compared.

Results: There was a significant reduction in median drug dosage of 11mg in FD versus 9 mg in CD group. The decrease in the MAP was less in group CD (14.5±2.98) mmHg compared to (17.6±4.66) mmHg in group FD (P= 0.03). The median onset time of spinal block to T6 in group FD of 2 minutes with IQR (2-3) was faster than Group CD 4 minutes with IQR (3-5). The spinal block extended above T4 in the larger number of parturients 23 (52 %) in Group FD than in three (6.8%) in group CD (p<0.05). Significantly larger number 20 (45.45 %) in group FD developed hypotension than seven (15.9 %) in Group CD. Bradycardia and vomiting were also found in group FD.

Conclusions: This calculated dose provided the desired level of the spinal block and also restricted spinal block level with a distinct advantage of less hypotension.
Identificación de las capacidades tecnológicas de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Colombia
Authors: Argote Cusi Milenka Linneth
Published: April 2020

Para innovar es necesario contar con capacidades. ¿Cuáles son las capacidades tecnológicas de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS de Colombia? Objetivo: identificarlas en el área de las ciencias médicas de la FUCS tomando en cuenta las siguientes dimensiones: capital humano, financiamiento en I+D+I, medición de la innovación, transferencia tecnológica, uso y apropiación de nuevas tecnologías, procesos de aprendizaje en la organización y productividad. Métodos y datos: investigación cualitativa en cuya primera fase se construyó un marco conceptual sobre capacidades tecnológicas de las universidades pues solo se encontraron referentes aplicados a la industria. En la segunda se aplicó una encuesta semiestructurada a actores clave para identificar aquellos productos y/o servicios de investigación o de otras áreas con potencial para comercializar y/o patentar. En una tercera fase se aplicó la metodología de trayectoria de vida (lifecourse) para profundizar en el ciclo de vida de los productos con el fin de identificar las dificultades para la toma de decisiones. Resultados: se logró establecer una línea para la vigilancia tecnológica en la organización, al contar con una base de datos de productos o servicios con potencial para comercializar y/o patentar que se gestan en la FUCS, a partir de una entrevista semiestructurada aplicada a actores clave. Otro de los hallazgos fue que uno de los principales retos es la construcción de una cultura organizacional orientada hacia la innovación continua y la normativa respecto a derechos de propiedad intelectual que definan las reglas de juego.
Caracterización de pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica aguda
Authors: Silva Miguel Arturo , Sandoval Danny Efraín , Duran Juan Pablo
Published: April 2020

Introducción: dada la alta mortalidad asociada con la enfermedad cerebrovascular, es necesario conocer las características clínicas, factores de riesgo, causas del evento, tiempos de atención y tratamiento de los pacientes para implementar medidas que mejoren la detección y su tratamiento. Objetivo: caracterizar a los pacientes adultos hospitalizados con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica atendidos en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá entre el 1 de junio de 2017 y 31 de mayo de 2018. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se incluyeron mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica. La información se recolectó de las historias clínicas y se empleó estadística descriptiva para analizar los datos. Resultados: se incluyeron 160 pacientes. El tiempo de evolución tuvo una mediana de 9.9 horas, 85% de ellos ingresaron sin alteración de la conciencia y severidad leve. El tiempo puerta a imagen tuvo una mediana de 36 minutos y el de puerta a trombolisis de 72.5 minutos. Se realizaron neuroimágenes en la primera hora de ingreso a 65%, procedimientos de recanalización endovenosa a 13%, de arritmia cardíaca a 96% y de vasos carotídeos a 93%; 82.4% recibió terapia antiagregante y 76% lograron una marcha superior a 10 metros en el momento del egreso. Discusión y conclusiones: se requiere la realización de mejorías en los tiempos de atención para alcanzar las pautas establecidas en las guías internacionales actuales.
Meningoencefalitis por herpes simple: una visión de la infección viral que causa el mayor compromiso cerebral
Authors: Erazo Narvaez Andres Felipe , Díez Chamorro Leon Santiago , Ordoñez Ruiz Giovanni Andres , Niño Castaño Victoria Eugenia
Published: April 2020

La inflamación del sistema nervioso central secundaria a la infección por la familia herpesviridae puede generar un compromiso difuso del parénquima encefálico, la cual puede ser fatal en ausencia de un rápido diagnóstico y tratamiento. Objetivo: revisar las diferentes características biológicas, fisiopatológicas, clínicas, terapéuticas y pronóstico de la meningoencefalitis causada por VHS-1 y 2. Materiales y métodos: revisión de la literatura científica (revisión crítica), llevada a cabo mediante las bases de datos Medline y buscadores específicos IMBIOMED, PUBMEDE, SCIENCEDIRECT, SCIELO, con un total de 150 artículos, se priorizaron 67 los cuales fueron leídos a profundidad. Resultados y discusión: debido el neurotropismo del herpes virus simple puede causar neuroinvasividad, neurotoxicidad y latencia en el SNC. Por sus características semiológicas inespecíficas se requiere un estudio exhaustivo para lograr el diagnóstico acertado. Los métodos actuales tales como neuroimágenes y PCR han aportado al esclarecimiento del diagnóstico etiológico de esta patología. La detección temprana de la entidad y la instauración precoz del tratamiento, se asocian con un aumento en la tasa de supervivencia y a una disminución de las secuelas neurológicas. Conclusión: conocer la biología del virus, su comportamiento, las características clínicas y el tratamiento de la entidad es una estrategia eficaz para disminuir secuelas y desenlaces fatales.
Reasons for Delaying Marriage: Attitudes of Young, Educated Women in South Africa
Authors: Maharaj Pranitha , Shangase Thembalethu
Published: April 2020

Globally, marriage is on a decline and this can be traced to as early as the 1940s in South Africa. This paper explores marriage declines in South Africa, specifically the reasons why young, educated women are delaying marriage. It draws on a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with thirty Zulu-speaking female university students in Durban, South Africa. Women with higher education attainment opt for a later age of marriage in order to establish themselves financially, gain independence, build their careers and accrue some assets as well as to improve their families’ living standards. The women in this study are highly aspirant and want to marry partners with attributes that are equally matched to them. The study suggests that it is important to focus on the attitudes of young, educated women in order to better understand the delay in marriage.
Love Across Borders: On Population Structures, Meeting Places and Preferences in a Globalizing World
Authors: Schroedter Julia H. , Rössel Jörg , Chiapparini Emanuela
Published: April 2020

In our paper, we study the factors shaping the formation of four different types of marriage in Switzerland: marriages with a Swiss partner, marriages with partners from the neighboring countries which are geographically proximate and where one of the official languages of Switzerland is spoken, marriages with partners from other European countries and with partners from overseas. Going beyond the current state of research, we study not only the national structural characteristics of the Swiss partner market and the individual resources of the spouses, but the actual meeting places of the partners and their reasons for being in these locations. Thus, we analyze whether, in a globalizing world and partner market, it is still primarily national opportunity structures that shape different forms of intermarriage. Using a mixed-methods approach we first show, based on census data, that the probability of these marriages is shaped by the structural opportunities of the partner market in Switzerland and individual characteristics like age and education. Second, relying on survey information, we demonstrate that bi-national relationships exhibit a specific pattern of meeting places: in particular, those couples with one partner from a non-neighboring or non-European country often meet abroad and in more open foci of activity. This has not previously been demonstrated empirically in the research literature and clearly shows that the factors shaping these marriages are not covered by a theoretical model focusing on the structural opportunities of national societies. Finally, we scrutinize narrative interviews and show that meeting a spouse abroad is the result of both specific partner preferences and patterns of spatial mobility. Thus, global opportunity structures are to a certain degree shaped by individual agency.
Understanding the Time Pressure of Working Parents: How Parents’ Childcare Time Impacts the Diurnal Organization of Activities and the Sense of Feeling Rushed
Authors: Cha Seung-Eun , Papastefanou Georgios
Published: April 2020

Time pressure of parents has become an important policy agenda in many contemporary societies. This study aims to examine the association between parental childcare time and subjective time pressure (feeling rushed) by taking into account different types of diurnal activity patterns. From the background of time fragmentation as a structural source of time pressure we introduce two specific types of diurnal time use activities, namely activity resumption and activity switching. As activity resumption denotes that the same kind of activity is repeatedly shown over the day, activity switching indicates the diurnal substantive variety of activities. Our research question is aimed a examining if these activity patterns covariate with parental childcare time use and to what extent they add are connected with subjective time pressure. Analyzing the original timeline raw data of 6,812 diary entries from the 2014 Korean Time Use Study (KTUS) we focused on working parents with children aged 18 or younger. Overall, we found that activity resumption is positively related to subjective time pressure, while activity switching negatively correlates with subjective time pressure. While we did not find a significant effect of time spent for childcare on feeling rushed, we found that time use for childcare is negatively correlated with activity resumption, but positively with activity switching intensity. Having young children compared to having teenagers in the family significantly goes with more feeling rushed, while having young children means less activity switching and less activity resumption. Finally, our results point to a significant parents’ gender differentiation of the covariation of subjective time pressure, diurnal activity change pattern and child care time use.
COMPUTER SYSTEM OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL CONDITION OF FUNCTIONING OF MECHANISMS
Authors: Shvachych G. G.  , Hrygorenko V. U.  , Kadylnykova Т. М.  , Sushko L. F.
Published: April 2020

The computer system proposed in this work is aimed at solving the problem of automating a comprehensive assessment of the technical functioning of mechanisms. The system’s computational equipment have the minimum necessary computing requirements. No additional paid software is required for installation. Unlike existing systems, the proposed one has a moderate cost. For the majority of industrial enterprises, this factor is crucial when choosing the most beneficial computer system. In addition, the developed system is simple and comfortable to use. Thus, the system has an intuitive and intelligible interface for the operator, which allows the operator to quickly familiarize themselves with it and put it to use immediately; the system monitors the correctness entries in the electronic history - it corrects basic fields that are not properly indicated (repair data, repair requests, part price, etc.). The system has the ability to add individual templates for a specific unit. Unlike existing systems, the proposed system is multifunctional.
PROPERTIES OF ENHANCING UNITY AND STABILITY OF SET EXPRESSIONS
Authors: Safarova Yegana
Published: April 2020

Language is the major means of communication among people however it impacts the acquisition of the language. This current article making use of an authentic text sheds light upon the classification of set expressions and their property of enhancing unity and stability. The words and word combinations are the main source of enriching vocabulary of a language. Some of them refer to free word combinations while the others are called set expressions. There is a staple unity used for both of them which is called the term phraseological units. Phraseological units are word-groups which comprise proverbs, sayings, clichés, quotations as well as various kinds of allusions may be used for stylistic purpose. Being crystallized metaphors phraseological units enhance the exits expressiveness of which is often intensified by parallelism, antithesis, and alliteration. The basic characteristics of phraseological units are that they exist in the language as ready-made units. It should be noted that they cannot be made in the process of speech. The criterion that assists to distinguish set expressions from free phrases with variable context is the stability of such word-groups which is viewed in terms of statistical probability of co-occurrence for the member words. The whole meaning of a phraseological unit doesn’t depend on the meaning of its components which is explained by the feature of a phraseological unit having a fully and partial figurative meaning being a stable, cohesive and fixed combination of words. Phraseology is supposed to merge into an agreed set of terms and frameworks which has captured a considerable interest from a wide range of language related disciplines. Despite the fact that, a number of miscellaneous approaches have been put forward, and the boundaries of this set, its classification and the place of phraseology in the vocabulary still appears as one of the controversial issues of cutting-edge linguistics. The term set expression is on more definite and self-explanatory vice-versa since the first element points out the most significant characteristic of these units, more precisely, their stability, their fixed and ready-made nature. The word "expression" is relevant in this case, because it is deployed as a general term – the words, groups of words and sentences inclusive.
HOW TO WORK WITH THEMATIC TEXTS IN ESP CLASSES
Authors: Svitlana O. Chernyshova  , Olena A. Sydorenko  , Olena P. Tokmenko
Published: April 2020

The article provides guidelines on working with thematic texts with students of non-linguistic majors. It seeks to formulate effective and efficient methods of working with thematic texts, drawing upon the main types of working with texts in general. The article has made use of the method of analysing thematic texts and, therefore, argues that there are three basic steps in working with thematic texts, namely pre-textual, textual, and post-textual. A set of exercises based on the book On the Uses of Philosophy by Will Durant has been used to illustrate the point. In the final analysis, the article argues that the methodology it sets out focuses on developing students’ reading skills through helping them:• correctly understand a foreign word;• make conscious use of the structure of the meanings of foreign words;• combine words and/or phrases in accordance with relevant lexical and grammatical rules;• formulate and express an opinion in a foreign language in various form with thematic vocabulary;• and understand thoughts expressed by other foreign-language speakers.
INVESTIGATION OF PETROLEUM FORM NEW WELLS OF EASTERN GEORGIA
Authors: Natela Khetsuriani  , Esma Usharauli  , Irina Mchedlishvili  , Madlena Chkhaidze  , Tamar Shatakishvili
Published: April 2020

Investigation of new wells of Satskhenisi oil (#7, #11, #12, #13, #14) and Manavi oil (#11, #12) was carried out. By IR spectroscopy it was established that Satskhenisi oil belonged to naphtheno-aromatic type and Manavi oil – to paraffinic type of oils. According to distribution of trace elements V, Fe, Ni, Co, Mo, Cu, Pb, Sn, Zn, Sr, Ba, Ti and the ratio V/Ni <1, these oils refer to tertiary types of oils, which is explained by conditions of accumulation and geochemical transformation of the original organic compounds.Using simulation chromatographic distillation of Manavi oil from the #12 well were obtained naphtha and diesel fractions. In naphtha by method of gas-liquid chromatography were identified individual paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons and in diesel fraction – individual n-paraffinic hydrocarbons.By low content of sulfur, tar-asphaltene compounds and high yield of light fractions, Satskhensi and Manavi crude oils are high-quality raw material for production of commercial oil products for energy purposes.