bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BEDAWANG NALA: ARTISTIC INSPIRATION FOR A FICTION FILM TO STRENGTHEN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AWARENESS
Authors: Ida Bagus Hari Kayana Putra , Ida Bagus Gede Surya Peradantha , Ida Ayu Gede Sasrani Widyastuti
Published: September 2024

This research explores the philosophical and symbolic value of Bedawang Nala in Balinese architectural art and the development of its narrative in fiction films based on Hindu mythology. Bedawang Nala, depicted as a giant fire-haired turtle with dragons Anantabhoga and Basuki, reflects cosmic balance and natural harmony in Tri Hita Karana. This qualitative research uses an interdisciplinary perspective involving the views of cultural studies and the creativity of film art creation. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews to explore the meaning and connection of the Bedawang Nala concept with environmental themes, audiovisual observations of traditional Balinese architecture, and literature studies on Bedawang Nala and ecological issues. Data were analyzed using interview transcript interpretation techniques to identify main themes related to the philosophical and symbolic values of Bedawang Nala, audiovisual analysis, and literature synthesis that connects findings from interviews and observations with current discussions about ecological education. The findings show that the Bedawang Nala mythology is not just an aesthetic ornament but has an educational value relevant to contemporary environmental issues. The development of this mythology-based film narrative can be an effective academic and cultural reflection tool, strengthening ecological awareness in society. This research suggests making and evaluating films based on Bedawang Nala and exploring other local mythologies to increase the educational impact and environmental awareness through film media.
Inteligencia Artificial en la educación a distancia
Authors: Duarte-Gastélum Jesús Ernesto , Román José Manuel Mendoza , Carmona Dougglas Hurtado
Published: September 2024

La educación a distancia ha experimentado un auge, pero la integración de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) presenta nuevas oportunidades y desafíos. Este artículo explora el impacto de la IA en la educación en línea, analizando sus ventajas y desventajas, así como su papel en la accesibilidad para personas con discapacidades. Se examinan conceptos clave como las aulas virtuales y la evaluación en entornos virtuales, destacando la importancia de la personalización del aprendizaje y la retroalimentación inmediata que ofrece la IA. El análisis revela que la IA puede mejorar la eficiencia y la accesibilidad de la educación, pero también plantea preocupaciones éticas sobre la falta de interacción humana, el sesgo algorítmico y la privacidad de los datos. La investigación enfatiza la necesidad de una implementación responsable y ética de la IA en la educación, asegurando que se aprovechen sus beneficios sin sacrificar la calidad de la enseñanza y el bienestar de los estudiantes.
Local news
Authors: Uth Bernadette
Published: September 2024

Local news are a main pillar in citizens’ information ecosystems and are oftentimes considered as highly relevant for functioning local politics and democracy. This entry elaborates on how local news can be defined in a digital age, focusing on their geo-social relevance to their recipients instead of focusing on geographical links, the roles and functions they fulfil, ranging from information to creating a sense of community anand the challenges local news see themselves confronted with – such as discussions surrounding financial sustainability and journalistic quality – as well as which challenges arise for a society confronted with a lack of local news – such as a loss of orientation and political engagement.
A novel approach to study the behavioral, neural and phenomenological impact of prefrontal HD-tDCS on conflict resolution
Authors: Holgado Darias , Martínez-Pérez Víctor , Martín-Arévalo Elisa , Bekinschtein Tristan , Fernández-del-Olmo Miguel A. , Sanabria Daniel , Luque-Casado Antonio
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on conflict resolution, focusing on behavioral performance, neural activity, and subjective experience. Sixty participants were randomly assigned to anodal, cathodal, or sham HD-tDCS groups and completed a 30-minute flanker task during stimulation. Using a comprehensive methodological approach, including Drift-Diffusion Modeling (DDM), EEG analysis, Lempel-Ziv complexity, and Temporal Experience Tracing (TET), we assessed the cognitive, neural, and phenomenological effects of stimulation. Behavioral results indicated no significant improvements in reaction times or accuracy across the stimulation groups. Similarly, DDM parameters showed no effect of HD-tDCS on cognitive processes. However, EEG data revealed a significant reduction in neural complexity, in the anodal group during resting-state, suggesting neural reorganization. Subjective experience analysis identified two distinct clusters of task-related feelings, though time spent in these experiential states did not differ between groups. Interestingly, sensation of stimulation was significantly higher for anodal stimulation than sham when analyzed as a single dimension. Despite null behavioral effects, this study provides important insights into the neural and subjective responses to HD-tDCS and emphasizes the value of advanced analytic techniques in examining brain stimulation effects. These findings contribute to the ongoing debate about the efficacy of tDCS in cognitive enhancement.
When ChatGPT-4o Is (Less) Human-Like: Preliminary Subjective Rating Tests for Psycholinguistic Research
Authors: Kosaka Takumi , Kikkawa Aoi
Published: September 2024

This brief report explores the use of large language models, especially ChatGPT-4o, for preliminary subjective rating tests on multiword units for psycholinguistic research. We asked GPT-4o to rate multiword units on their Idiomaticity, Meaningfulness, and event Plausibility. A series of correlation analyses showed that while all GPT-generated rating scores significantly correlated with human raters, the strength of correlation varied among the tests. Specifically, the correlation coefficient for Plausibility was significantly the lowest, but no significant difference was found between Idiomaticity and Meaningfulness. Moreover, we used the GPT-generated Idiomaticity and Meaningfulness scores to replicate the statistical results of Jolsvai et al. (2020), showing no comparable results at all to the original study. The potential use and limitations of ChatGPT-4o for psycholinguistic research are discussed.
Stereo-Typing: LLM Chatbots’ Appearance of Typing can Increase Belief in a False Stereotype
Authors: Williams-Ceci Sterling , Zalmanson Lior , MACY Michael , Naaman Mor
Published: September 2024

LLMs are now central to our information-seeking practices. While much research has focused on the information these models generate, less work has investigated how LLMs' presentation of this information affects users' beliefs. We study how the "Typewriter Effect"'--a typing animation popular in LLM interfaces--influences users’ acceptance of a false stereotype, particularly among individuals in the targeted identity group. We conducted an experiment (N=990) in which participants interacted with an LLM-powered chatbot which endorsed the false stereotype that men outperform women in mathematics, with or without using the typing animation. We found that the typing animation increased women’s belief in and willingness to share this stereotype. This effect was mediated by perceived anthropomorphism. Overall, we highlight an overlooked risk of this common design feature, propose an alternative to mitigate it, and argue for greater consideration of design choices’ cognitive effects on users when evaluating AI-generated misinformation.
Stoicism, mindfulness, and the empirical foundations of second-order desires
Authors: Wittmann Marc , Montemayor Carlos , Dorato Mauro
Published: September 2024

Starting with the Stoics’ notion of self-regulation, we discuss philosophical conceptualizations and juxtapose them with empirical evidence from psychology and cognitive neuroscience. We disagree with a strong mainstream account that excludes the possibility of free will. We argue for a meaningful way to speak of free will largely independently of the compatibilist-libertarian debate. Contemporary empirical findings support the Stoic view of the freedom of will if one focuses on diachronic self-regulation over time and second-order willed actions. As evidence clearly challenges the classical interpretation of Libet-type experiments, which supposedly refute the notion of free will, we opt for the notion of ‘relative free will’. Far from being passive recipients of constantly upcoming desires, we can proactively self-regulate what we actually want to do through controlled voluntary intentions. We as humans are free in the sense that the capacity of self-regulation is a meta-cognitive ability or second-order will which is causally effective in enforcing and inhibiting first-order desires (impulsive habits). Our choices are not causally dependent on upbringing and circumstances; they are a product of the reflection concerning our upbringing and the circumstances. The self constantly intervenes between alleged causes and effects and thus becomes a self-determined free agent.
Abortion Restrictions Threaten Miscarriage Management for Hundreds of Thousands of Americans
Authors: Nobles Jenna , Hwang Sungsik , Bennett Eliza , Jacques Laura
Published: September 2024

Miscarriage and abortion require similar clinical management. Restrictions placed on abortion threaten the quality of miscarriage care, a policy spillover that affects many Americans. We combined vital statistics with life-table parameters to estimate that 1,034,000 miscarriages occur annually, including nearly 400,000 in US states with abortion bans. Attempts to restrict mifepristone access further threaten miscarriage management.
नेपाली अक्षर र अक्षर निर्धारणका आधारहरू
Authors: खतिवडा लय
Published: September 2024

एक आघात वा बलमा बोलिने ध्वनि वा ध्वनि समूहलाई अक्षर भनिन्छ । अक्षरको सम्बन्ध वाणीसँग हुन्छ । स्वर र व्यञ्जन ध्वनिमध्ये स्वरध्वनिलाई अक्षरको आधार मानिन्छ । स्वरध्वनिकै आधारमा अक्षर निर्धारण गरिन्छ । शब्दको उच्चारण गर्दा मुखरता, उच्चता, शिखरता र स्पष्टताका आधारमा कति अक्षर छन् भनी निर्धारण गरिन्छ । यस लेखमा अक्षरको परिचय, अक्षरका अभिलक्षण, प्रकार, केन्द्रीय र परिधीय अवयव, नेपाली अक्षरको संरचना, नेपाली उच्चार्य र लेख्य वर्णमाला, द्विस्वर, अक्षरीकरण र अक्षर निर्धारणका आधारलाई प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । नेपाली अक्षर र अक्षर निधार्र णका आधारलाई विभिन्न भाषा वज्ञै ानिकहरूले दिएका विचार तथा सन्दर्भ पुस्तकहरूमा छरिएर रहेका सामग्रीलाई पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन विधिका साथै वर्णनात्मक र विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको उपयोग गरी यो लेख तयार पारिएको छ ।
स्थानीय शासन तथा सामुदायिक विकास कार्यक्रमअन्तर्गत नागरिक सचेतता केन्द्रको प्रभावकारिता
Authors: शाही मीनबहादुर
Published: September 2024

यो अध्ययन स्थलगत अवलोकन तथा द्वितीय तथ्याङ्कमा आधारित छ । हो । नेपाल सरकारले स्थानीय निकायहरुमार्फत् हाल देशैभरि बृहत् कार्यक्रमका रुपमा रुपान्तरित सामाजिक परिचालन अवधारणालाई स्थानीय शासन तथा सामुदायिक विकास कार्यक्रमका नाममा सञ्चालन गरिरहेको छ । यो कार्यक्रम टीकापुर नगरपालिकाका ९ (नौ) वटै वडाहरुमा सञ्चालित छ । यस कार्यक्रमको प्रमुख उद्देश्य स्थानीय निकायबाट प्रदान गरिने सेवा सुविधामा सीमान्तीकृत तथा बहिष्करणमा परेका समुदायहरुको अधिकारको सचेतीकरणबाट पहुँच वृद्धि गर्ने तथा सेवा प्रदायक संस्थाको सेवा सुविधा वितरणमा प्रभावकारिता ल्याउनु हो । सीमान्तकृत समुदायको सशक्तीकरण गर्ने रणनीतिका रुपमा नागरिक सचेतना केन्द्रलाई यस कार्यक्रममा एक महत्त्वपूर्ण पक्षका रुपमा लिएको देखिन्छ । नागरिक सचेतना केन्द्र विपन्न तथा बञ्चितीमा परेका समुदायको सचेतना विकासबाट सशक्तीकरण गर्ने चौतारी वा कक्षा हो । यस अवधारणलाई रिफ्लेक्ट वृत्त पनि भनिन्छ । यो ब्राजिलिएन शिक्षा विद् पाउलो फ्रेरेको साक्षरताको अवधारणा हो । यस अध्ययनले नागरिक सचेतना केन्द्रको लक्षित समुदायमा परेको प्रभावको अध्ययन गर्ने प्रयास गरि एको छ । यसमा लक्षित समूह छलफल, अन्तर्वाता, घटना अध्यय,अवलोकन तथा नगरपालिका र सेवा प्रदायक संस्थाका कार्यक्रका प्रगति प्रतिवेदन अध्ययन गरिएको छ । नागरिक सचेतना केन्द्रले विपन्न तथा बहिष्करणमा परेका नागरिकहरुलाई सङ्गठित गराई सहभागितात्मक रुपमा दैनिक जीवन सँगका समस्याहरुको व्यावहारिक छलफल तथा संवातबाट सचेतीकरण हुने र सामाजिक रुपान्तरणमा सकारात्मक प्रभाव परेको देखिन्छ छ । सचेतना केन्द्रका सहभागीहरु स्थानीय समस्याहरुको सङ्गठित रुपमा समाधान गर्ने बानी तथा सिपको विकास भइरहेको पाइयो । महिलाहरुको सामाजिक गतिविधिमा सहभागिता तुलनात्मक रुपमा पहिलेभन्दा बृद्धि भएको देखिन्छ जसको फलस्वरुप महिलाहरुले आफ्नो सामाजिक हैसियत बृद्धि भएको महसुस गरेका छन् ।
Erector Spinae Plane Block in Postoperative Analgesia Following Lumbar Discectomy in a Patient with Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy: Case Report
Authors: Dilsiz Eker Pelin , Sari Sinem , Turgut Mehmet , Nuri Aydin Osman
Published: September 2024

Patients with muscular dystrophy manifest complex characteristics in anesthesia and analgesia management. In the current case with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), we planned to reduce opioid consumption and potential respiratory complications by incorporating erector spinae plane (ESP) block into multimodal analgesia management during surgery for lumbar disc herniation (LDH).

This case study presents the perioperative clinical findings of a 62-year-old patient with FSHD, who underwent a bilateral lumbar hemilaminectomy and discectomy with an ESP block applied. Our experience with ESP after lumbar disc surgery demonstrated effective analgesia and the absence of any complications in an adult patient with LDH.
Factors Affecting Customers' Preferences for Nepalese Coffee in Kathmandu Valley: A Poisson Regression Analysis of Count Data
Authors: Basnet Sunil , Devkota Niranjan , Mahapatra Sushanta , Upretee Sahadeb
Published: September 2024

Background: Approximately 65 percent of Nepalese coffee is exported, while the remainder is processed and sold domestically. Nepalese coffee, recognized for its organic cultivation from high altitudes, is witnessing a shift in consumer preference from tea to coffee in Nepal. Despite this shift, the market for Nepalese coffee remains underdeveloped in the Kathmandu Valley.
Objective: This study aims to examine the factors affecting consumers' preferences for Nepalese coffee in the Kathmandu Valley. It seeks to identify the barriers to increasing domestic consumption and explore potential strategies to enhance the market for Nepalese coffee.
Method: An explanatory research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire and convenience sampling to collect data from 403 coffee consumers in the Kathmandu Valley. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression to assess the factors influencing coffee consumption patterns and preferences.
Result: The study revealed that 99.06 percent of respondents consume coffee, but only 5.66 percent prefer Nepalese coffee. However, 32.78 percent of respondents expressed a strong interest in drinking Nepalese coffee. Key barriers identified include the perceived quality of Nepalese coffee, insufficient promotion, and unfavorable government policies. The analysis indicates that improving advertising, enhancing coffee quality, and increasing promotional efforts could significantly boost domestic consumption.
Conclusion: To develop the market for Nepalese coffee, coffee businesses should focus on investing in production, marketing, and promotional activities. Additionally, government incentives and subsidies for coffee entrepreneurs could facilitate growth. Effective advertising and promotion, combined with quality improvements, are essential for expanding the Nepalese coffee market and increasing consumer preference.
Paper Types: Research Paper
Keywords: Coffee, Nepalese Coffee, Costumers, Costumers’ preferences, Kathmandu valley
Visitor’s Perception towards Event Management in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Maharjan Prajwal , Basyal Devid Kumar , Kayestha Mijala
Published: September 2024

Background: Events are significant drivers of tourism and play a key role in the development and marketing of destinations. In Kathmandu Valley, the increasing trend of event organization has raised questions about visitor perceptions toward event management. However, no previous study has explored this topic in Nepal.
Objective: The study aims to analyze visitor perceptions of event management in Kathmandu Valley, focusing on how affective engagement influences these perceptions and identifying areas for improvement.
Method: An exploratory research design was adopted to uncover the realities of visitor perceptions. Quantitative data was collected from 343 respondents and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the relationships between variables.
Result: The study found that affective engagement significantly impacts visitor perceptions. Attendees expect high-quality service from event companies and are likely to share their experiences on social media platforms like Facebook. Most respondents were between the ages of 21-30, indicating a strong youth interest in event attendance. The analysis revealed that one independent variable, affective engagement, had a significant effect on one hypothesis related to contingent factors, while another hypothesis was rejected.
Conclusion: Event management companies in Kathmandu Valley should prioritize affective engagement, addressing attendees' emotions and feelings. Enhancing internal management practices can lead to better service delivery, addressing common issues such as overcrowding, location, and security. Additionally, adopting modern technologies could further attract and satisfy attendees, improving overall event experiences.
Paper Types: Research Paper
Key words: Event management, Planned behavior, Affective engagement, SEM, Quality of the event
JEL Classification: C38, D9, N95, N3
Uncovering the Multifaceted Influences on Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Incidence in Public Health Centre, Indonesia
Authors: Bagus Santosa Winanda Rizki , Nambiar Nisha , Abdullah Erlina
Published: September 2024

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an emergency disease that often occurs. Lack of knowledge, poor management of self-care, and stress are different factors that promote an increase in blood sugar levels. The objective of this study is to determine the contributing factors between self-care, knowledge, and stress related to the incidence of T2DM in the Public Health Center, Indonesia. Methods: This research used a correlational design with a cross-sectional approach during the period of July 3rd–August 3rd, 2023. Samples were chosen from 92 respondents with G Power correlation test. The research was conducted at the Public Health Center in Kediri City, Indonesia. The technique used in sample selection was purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria, namely T2DM patients aged 36–65 years, able to read and write, and willing to be the respondents in this study. The instruments used are three factorials developed by researchers, which include self-care, knowledge, and stress. The content validity index of the research instrument was validated and assessed by five experts. Bivariate analysis of the Spearman statistical test. Results: The statistical test shows a significant value for all of the variables, with P-value = 0.000 and Rho = 0.631 for self-care management, P-value = 0.012 and Rho = 0.305 for knowledge, and P-value = 0.023 and Rho = 0.187 for stress factor. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that self-care management, knowledge, and stress have significantly affected the incidence of T2DM.
A History of Local English-Language Newspapers in KP Province, Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Muhammad
Published: September 2024

This research study explores the history of local English-language newspapers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The English-language press has played a significant role since the British rule in the province. It has acted as a representative of the region on an international level because the English language is an international means of communication. The researcher collected data through secondary data such as books and archives and also interviewed senior journalists of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province for data collection. The study discusses how English-language newspapers started in the province since the inception of the province, which used to be called North-West Frontier Province (NWFP).
Do class III obese patients achieve similar outcomes and satisfaction to nonobese patients following surgery for cervical myelopathy? A QOD study
Authors: Park Christine , Bhowmick Deb A. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Bisson Erica F. , Bydon Mohamad , Asher Anthony L. , Coric Domagoj , Potts Eric A. , Foley Kevin T. , Wang Michael Y. , Fu Kai-Ming , Virk Michael S. , Knightly John J. , Meyer Scott , Park Paul , Upadhyaya Cheerag , Shaffrey Mark E. , Schupper Alexander J. , Uribe Juan S. , Tumialán Luis M. , Turner Jay D. , Chan Andrew K. , Chou Dean , Haid Regis W. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Gottfried Oren N.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to compare the rate of achievement of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and satisfaction between cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) patients with and without class III obesity who underwent surgery.

METHODS

The authors analyzed patients from the 14 highest-enrolling sites in the prospective Quality Outcomes Database CSM cohort. Patients were dichotomized based on whether or not they were obese (class III, BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). PROs including visual analog scale (VAS) neck and arm pain, Neck Disability Index (NDI), modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA), EQ-5D, and North American Spine Society patient satisfaction scores were collected at baseline and 24 months after cervical spine surgery.

RESULTS

Of the 1141 patients with CSM who underwent surgery, 230 (20.2%) were obese and 911 (79.8%) were not. The 24-month follow-up rate was 87.4% for PROs. Patients who were obese were younger (58.1 ± 12.1 years vs 61.2 ± 11.6 years, p = 0.001), more frequently female (57.4% vs 44.9%, p = 0.001), and African American (22.6% vs 13.4%, p = 0.002) and had a lower education level (high school or less: 49.1% vs 40.8%, p = 0.002) and a higher American Society of Anesthesiologists grade (2.7 ± 0.5 vs 2.5 ± 0.6, p < 0.001). Clinically at baseline, the obese group had worse neck pain (VAS score: 5.7 ± 3.2 vs 5.1 ± 3.3), arm pain (VAS score: 5.4 ± 3.5 vs 4.8 ± 3.5), disability (NDI score: 42.7 ± 20.4 vs 37.4 ± 20.7), quality of life (EQ-5D score: 0.54 ± 0.22 vs 0.56 ± 0.22), and function (mJOA score: 11.6 ± 2.8 vs 12.2 ± 2.8) (all p < 0.05). At the 24-month follow-up, however, there was no difference in the change in PROs between the two groups. Even after accounting for relevant covariates, no significant difference in achievement of MCID and satisfaction was observed between the two groups at 24 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the class III obese group having worse baseline clinical presentations, the two cohorts achieved similar rates of satisfaction and MCID in PROs. Class III obesity should not preclude and/or delay surgical management for patients who would otherwise benefit from surgery for CSM.
A comparative analysis of the Trauma and Injury Severity Score and the Injury Severity Score in predicting high-value care outcomes in children with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kazemi Foad , Liu Jiaqi , Nasr Isam W. , Robinson Shenandoah , Cohen Alan R.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Predicting high-value care outcomes is crucial in managing pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), where timely and accurate prognostication can significantly influence treatment decisions and resource allocation. This study aimed to enhance understanding of how well scoring systems such as the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) can forecast high-value care outcomes. Furthermore, the authors compared the predictive power of TRISS with the routinely used Injury Severity Score (ISS).

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of their institutional database from June 2016 to June 2023 to identify cases of TBI based on a modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention framework. Prolonged length of stay (LOS) was defined as a hospital stay falling into the upper quartile of the overall cohort. Discharge to an inpatient rehabilitation facility, acute care hospital, or foster care or death was defined as a nonroutine discharge disposition. Emergency department (ED) transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) or operating room (OR) was defined as a proxy for severity of injuries. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the association between ISS, TRISS, and high-value care outcomes. The DeLong test was used to assess the differences between the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs).

RESULTS

This study included 2705 patients with a mean age ± SD of 7.28 ± 5.46 years (63% male). In the overall cohort, 28% experienced prolonged LOS, 7% had a nonroutine discharge disposition from the hospital, and 23% were transferred to the ICU/OR from the ED. In multivariate regression models, both TRISS and ISS were correlated with higher odds of prolonged LOS, nonroutine discharge disposition, and transfer to the ICU/OR from the ED (all p < 0.001). TRISS had a significantly greater AUROC than ISS for nonroutine discharge disposition (0.883 vs 0.849, p < 0.001) and transfer to the ICU/OR (0.898 vs 0.887, p = 0.045), but this result was not significant for prolonged LOS (0.873 vs 0.880, p = 0.140).

CONCLUSIONS

TRISS and ISS are effective tools for predicting high-value care outcomes in pediatric TBI. Utilizing these resources can assist healthcare providers in making informed, risk-adjusted predictions.
THE ANTICANCER EFFICACY OF INDONESIAN NUTMEG HYDROSOL EVALUATED THROUGH IN SILICO AND IN VITRO APPROACHES ON MCF7 AND 3T3 CELLS
Authors: G.Widiyarti  , A. Sundowo  , T. Ernawati  , E. Filailla  , N. Artanti  , Ajie F.T. , B. Subiyanto  , Laksmono J.A.
Published: September 2024

Traditionally, the nutmeg plant (Myristica fragrans Hooutt) has been used to treat a variety of ailments in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the anticancer efficacy of nutmeg hydrosol using in silico and in vitro methods. Nutmeg hydrosol refers to distilled water produced during the refining process of nutmeg oil, containing dissolved essential components. The LCMS/MS analysis result showed that the main components of hydrosol were Biondinin A, Edultin, Methyl-3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate, Pluviatilol, Aviprin, Latifolone, and 2,4-Dihydroxyaceto-phenone. Based on the in silico analysis using the Autodock 4.2 method on 4WZV protein, the compounds had high binding energy, suggesting great potential as anticancers. Free radicals were shown to be actively inhibited by the hydrosol's polyphenols. Hydrosol was also classified as a very active antioxidant by the DPPH assay, which yielded an IC50 value of 45.3 µg/ml. Using the MTT method, an in vitro cytotoxicity investigation revealed that the substance was cytotoxic to MCF7 cells but harmless to normal cells (3T3), with IC50 values of 79.45 μg/ml and >1000 μg/ml, respectively. These findings indicated a favorable association between antioxidants and anticancer characteristics, indicating the possibility of using nutmeg hydrosol as a breast cancer anticancer drug.
Diversity of chrysophycean stomatocysts (Chrysophyta) in Kader mire of the Kurgalsky Natural Reserve
Authors: Shadrina S. N. , Safronova T. V.
Published: September 2024

In this work, we report on 18 stomatocyst morphotypes identified in the samples from the Kader mire, including 3 ones identified to the species; morphotype numbers were defined for 14 stomatocysts; one morphotype is described as new to science. Three stomatocysts are new to Europe, five are new to Russia, eight – to the Northwestern region. The descriptions of the cysts based on the electron-microscopic data (SEM), and information on their locality, distribution and ecology are provided. Our results add to knowledge of the chrysophyte flora of the Northwestern Russia.
Parnassia kotzebuei (Parnassiaceae) at the western limit of its distribution
Authors: Nikolin Е. G. , Adrian I. A.
Published: September 2024

During a floristic survey of the territory of the mountain site "Sokol" of the Ust-Lensky Reserve, new localities of Parnassia kotzebuei were found at the western limit of its range, in the lower reaches of the Lena River. Previously, the limit of this species range was believed to be in the lower reaches of the Indigirka River. Parnassia kotzebuei is included in the list of rare and specially protected plants of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is listed in the regional Red Data Books, and its presence on the territory of the Ust-Lensky Reserve will serve as an additional factor in ensuring the preservation of its populations. Hypotheses of the species appearance in this territory and its distribution in the adjacent area are expressed. Two possible versions are assumed: the relict (Pleistocene) origin of the populations, and the introduction of seeds by waterfowl beards. In both cases, the probability of its hydrochoric dissemination in the vicinity is allowed.
Composition of Oligocene flora of Dyusembay (Central Kazakhstan) based on palynological data
Authors: Tarasevich V. F. , Popova S. S.
Published: September 2024

The site of Dyusembay is located on the left bank of the Uly-Zhilanshik River of Dzhangeldy District of Kostanay Region, Central Kazakhstan. Here we present original palinologycal data for the most complete identification of the taxonomic composition of the flora and its ecological features aimed to the reconstruction of the vegetation of the surrounding area. The age of the studied deposits has been estimated as Late Oligocene. Eocene age is not supported since there are almost no evergreen elements in the composition, with the exception of Ilex and possibly Magnolia. The taxonomic composition of the flora indicates that the vegetation looked like a typical Turgay flora represented by warm-temperate coniferous and broad-leaved forests.
The 2019–2021 Eruptions of Klyuchevskoy Volcano (Kamchatka)
Authors: Zharinov N. A. , Demyanchuk Yu. V.
Published: September 2024

The paper contains the data on volume of erupted products from both lateral and summit eruptions over the period 1932–1989. The paper shows that over that period the volume of the erupted products from lateral eruptions prevailed over that ones from summit eruptions. We also examined further changes of the volcano eruptive nature. From 1932 to 1989 the volcano was producing both summit and lateral eruptions, but over the period 1993–2016 Klyuchevskoy was only producing summit eruptions. In 2016, the volcano resumed lateral eruptions on its slopes. It was revealed that each summit eruption caused formation of pits in the volcano’s central crater. The paper provides specific features of those pits. The collapsed crater’s formation is associated with changes in the magma density and volume as it rises to the surface. The article provides the data on the 2019–2021 summit eruptions and the 2021 lateral eruption named after G.S. Gorshkov. The paper also contains the updates on morphological evolution of both the summit crater during the eruptions and the pits inside the crater after the eruptions.
Magnitudes of seismic events induced by fluid injections in the Earth’s crust
Authors: Kiryukhin A. V. , Fujii Y. , Alam B. A. , Chernykh E. V.
Published: September 2024

Based on a generalization of empirical data and theoretical dependencies, equations linking the upper limit of maximum earthquake magnitude and the volume of fluid injection during water injection, supercritical CO2, and magmatic activity preceding volcanic eruptions were obtained.
The equations can be used to predict trigger seismicity in shale gas and oil production, Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) creation for geothermal energy use, supercritical CO2 burial, and to estimate the volume of magma injections preceding volcanic eruptions.
Formation of the Chemical Composition of Water of the Karymskaya River under the Influence of Hydrothermal and Volcanic Activity (Kamchatka Peninsula)
Authors: Kalacheva E. G. , Melnikov D. V. , Dolgaya A. A. , Voloshina E. V.
Published: September 2024

In this paper, on the example of the Karymsky volcanic center, we assess the degree of influence of volcanic and hydrothermal activity on the chemical composition of river waters; we show the volumes of macro and microelements from the Karymskaya River to the Pacific Ocean. The quality of river waters was assessed according to the standards defined for waters of drinking / cultural and household use and of fishery significance. It is shown that the formation of the ion load of river water occurs mainly due to the inflow of thermal waters, as well as due to the water-soluble complexes of ashes of the Karymsky volcano eruptions, which enter the river catchment area. The annual volume of dissolved matter carried by the river into the Kronotsky Bay of the Pacific Ocean is more than 90 kilotons.
The Mechanism of Mycobacterial (p)ppGpp Synthetase Inhibition by Synthetic Erogorgiaene Analog
Authors: Sidorov R. Yu. , Tkachenko A. G.
Published: September 2024

The synthesis of (p)ppGpp alarmones plays a vital role in the regulation of metabolism cessation, growth rate control, virulence, bacterial persistence, and biofilm formation. The RelA/SpoT homologs superfamily proteins are responsible for (p)ppGpp alarmone synthesis, including long bifunctional RSH proteins and small alarmone synthetases. This study employs enzyme kinetics and dose-dependent inhibition methods to investigate the specific mechanism of action of DMNP involving RelMsm and RelZ proteins, which are (p)ppGpp synthetases in Mycolicibacterium smegmatis belonging to both types, as well as RelMtb protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The compound DMNP has demonstrated its capability to inhibit the activity of the RelMtb protein. According to enzyme kinetics analysis, DMNP acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor targeting the RelMsm and RelZ proteins. Molecular docking analysis allowed to localize the DMNP binding site in proximity to the (p)ppGpp synthetase domain active site. This study advances the development of alarmone synthetase inhibitor class of compounds, which includes relacin and its derivatives, alongside the investigated compound DMNP – a synthetic analog of the marine coral metabolite erogorgiaene. Unlike the conventional antibiotics, alarmone synthetase inhibitors target metabolic pathways linked to the stringent response. Although these pathways are not essential for bacteria, they regulate the development of adaptation mechanisms. Combining the conventional antibiotics that target actively growing cells with compounds that impede bacterial adaptation may potentially address prevailing challenges associated with antimicrobial resistance and bacterial persistence.
Protective Activity of Inactivated Rabies Vaccine Using Flagellin-Based Adjuvant
Authors: Sokol O. O. , Nikitin N. A. , Evtushenko E. A. , Karpova O. V. , Matveeva I. N. , Gryn S. A. , Popova V. M. , Ivanov I. V. , Fedorov Yu. N. , Litenkova I. Yu.
Published: September 2024

Rabies is a zoonotic disease with a high degree of lethality. Most human deaths are related to bites received from dogs and cats. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing rabies disease in both animals and humans. In this study, the ability of an adjuvant based on recombinant Salmonella typhimurium flagellin to increase the protective activity of an inactivated rabies vaccine in mice was evaluated. A series of inactivated dry culture vaccine for dogs and cats “Rabikan” (strain “Shchelkovo-51”) with the addition of an adjuvant in various dilutions were used. The control preparation was a similar series of inactivated dry culture vaccine without an adjuvant. The protective activity of vaccine preparations was evaluated by the NIH potency test, which is the most widely used and internationally recommended method of determining the effectiveness for testing inactivated rabies vaccines. The value of the specific activity of the tested rabies vaccine when co-administered with an adjuvant was significantly higher (48.69 IU/ml) than that of the vaccine without an adjuvant (3.75 IU/ml). Thus, recombinant flagellin can be considered as an effective adjuvant in the composition of future vaccine preparations against rabies virus.
Procesos curriculares y estrategias didácticas en el aprendizaje inicial de la química: un camino hacia la gamificación
Authors: Burbano Goyes Diana Marcela
Published: September 2024

La gamificación, una estrategia educativa que incorpora elementos de juego en el proceso de aprendizaje, emerge como herramienta efectiva para motivar y comprometer a estudiantes, especialmente en componentes desafiantes como la química. Este estudio hace parte de una investigación más amplia que busca diseñar y aplicar una estrategia didáctica basada en la gamificación para mejorar el aprendizaje de química en estudiantes de grado noveno durante el año escolar 2023-2024. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo, por lo cual se entrevistó a docentes de química. También, se adoptó un enfoque crítico-social, a fin de considerar factores políticos, económicos y culturales en la educación. Entre los resultados se destaca que los estándares educativos, así como el uso de estrategias didácticas son variados para enseñar química; las evaluaciones flexibles y centradas en el progreso del estudiante son esenciales en el proceso de aprendizaje. Asimismo, se identificaron dificultades en la comprensión de conceptos abstractos y matemáticos, y se destacó la necesidad de abordar estas áreas con planes de mejora y clases adicionales. En este sentido, se señala el potencial de la gamificación como una estrategia educativa efectiva para motivar y comprometer a los estudiantes en el aprendizaje de la química. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de adaptar constantemente las prácticas pedagógicas para satisfacer las necesidades cambiantes de los estudiantes y mejorar la calidad de la educación en química.
Review Argumentation at Scale
Authors: Ceolin Davide , Ootes Laura Sofie
Published: September 2024

Product reviews represent a valuable source of information for both (potential) customers and sellers. Usually, reviews come in pairs (score, motivation), where the motivation is a piece of unstructured text explaining the score given to a product. For reviews, this setting is ideal to combine a quantitative assessment of a product with a qualitative explanation. Aggregating the numerical scores might be uninformative while parsing large quantities of text might be challenging. Automated argument analysis can help in this process, and we previously developed an argument-based quality analysis pipeline that helps identify the most significant items from a corpus of reviews. Given that the pipeline is effective but time-consuming, this work sets out to improve its computational efficiency. Next to optimisation by conventional methods, we investigate the effect of reducing the number of text chunks that are used to build the argumentation graph. We find that conventional methods significantly improve the computation time, which allows us to analyse much larger datasets of real-world reviews. When the number of tokens is scaled down, accuracy remains similar compared to the original version of the pipeline. However, we find that this does not necessarily result in a computation time reduction.
On Computing Admissibility in ABA
Authors: Lehtonen Tuomo , Rapberger Anna , Toni Francesca , Ulbricht Markus , Wallner Johannes P.
Published: September 2024

Most existing computational tools for assumption-based argumentation (ABA) focus on so-called flat frameworks, disregarding the more general case. Here, we study an instantiation-based approach for reasoning in possibly non-flat ABA. For complete-based semantics, an approach of this kind was recently introduced, based on a semantics-preserving translation between ABA and bipolar argumentation frameworks (BAFs). Admissible semantics, however, require us to consider an extension of BAFs which also makes use of premises of arguments (pBAFs). We explore basic properties of pBAFs which we require as a theoretical underpinning for our proposed instantiation-based solver for non-flat ABA under admissible semantics. As our empirical evaluation shows, depending on the ABA instances, the instantiation-based solver is competitive against an ASP-based approach implemented in the style of state-of-the-art solvers for hard argumentation problems.
Value-Based Reasoning in ASPIC+
Authors: Wallner Johannes P. , Wyner Adam , Zurek Tomasz
Published: September 2024

In Value-based Argumentation Frameworks (VAFs), values are ascribed to abstract arguments and ordered one to another to reflect an audience’s preferences. An attack of one argument on another is successful only if the audience does not prefer the value of the attacked argument to the value of the attacking argument. Audiences can disagree about admissible arguments relative to their value preferences. Complementary to VAFs, this paper presents a novel integration of Value-Based Reasoning Frameworks (VBFs) with instantiated argumentation, specifically we focus on the structured argumentation approach of ASPIC+. Agents associate literals with social values and weight of values; together, these are used to filter the literals compatible with their values. Such a set of literals is used to construct agent-relative ASPIC+ knowledge bases, agent-relative instantiated arguments, and argumentation frameworks (AFs). Agents can attack one another’s arguments. VAF and VBF present complementary perspectives on values on arguments. VBF contributes a new, formal, articulated view of agreement and disagreement amongst agents, which is grounded in their values. In addition, VBF helps us understand how different agents choose what to argue from out of a pool of common resources.
Analytics for Rhetorical Arguments in Discussions on Polarised Issues
Authors: Gajewska Ewelina , Budzynska Katarzyna , Konat Barbara
Published: September 2024

This paper demonstrates LEPAn, Logos-Ethos-Pathos Analytics, which offers analysis of statistical patterns in the use of rhetorical arguments in public discussions on polarised issues. It is available at https://newethos.org/technologies/
Clothes as a marker of otherness in traditional Kazakh culture
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Shaygozova Zhanerke , Nehviadovich Larisa ,   Altai State University
Published: September 2024

The concept of “otherness” is derived from the word “other”, non-identical. The problem of otherness in humanitarian science has attracted the attention of researchers since long ago and has been considered from a variety of perspectives. In the opinion of the authors of the article, the visual expression of otherness is the least developed issue in science, but it is clothing (costume) and the image as a whole that reflects it most vividly and distinctively. The main focus of this article is the reflection of otherness in clothing, viewed through the prism of Kazakh culture. In order to compare and clarify some data, the article draws on materials on the clothing of other Turkic ethnic groups (Kyrgyz, Altai, Uzbek, Karakalpak), as well as Iranians. As it is known, clothing in traditional culture was conceptualized as a receptacle of the soul and the “second” shell of a person. By wearing certain clothes, a person could present his “specialness”, his difference from all others, i.e. there was an expressive demonstration of his “I”, “I am the Other”. The article provides an interpretation of some elements of the costume of steppe nobility, people of creative professions, as well as shamans and other category of people with the status of “otherness”. It is assumed that the meaning of some visual markers of clothing was not only that they showed the society the substance of the Other, but also contain even more profound grounds. In our opinion, most of these attributes (markers) demonstrate the syncretism of the unity of Man and the Cosmos, or rather express the belonging of the wearer to a certain level of the universe. Having considered the visual markers of otherness given in the article on the example of Kazakh culture, we can conclude that the iconography of the other was a well thought out and balanced system, understood and accepted by the community.
Succession and Cultural Interaction of the Worldview of the Kazakh People with Ancient Greek Mythology and Philosophy
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kuranbek Asset , Orazkhan Tairzhan ,   Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Aitbayeva Aygulim ,   Narxoz University, Ryskiyeva Aiymzhan
Published: September 2024

The main idea of the work is the concept of the formation of philosophy in Ancient India and Ancient Greece, based on the initial close connection of myth, religion, and science, which subsequently contributes to the separation of theoretical philosophy as a form of knowledge based on logic and pure reason. In the article, based on a summary of scientific studies published in recent years, it is shown that this trend is characteristic of the Turkic people, including the Kazakh people, who also did not stay away from this process. Each person, thanks to oral literature and folklore, which accumulates the basis of popular worldview, indulges in fleeting fantasies about life, and develops the ability to independently think about the existence of the world. The article also analyzes the question of the influence of the nomadic way of life on the perfection of deep thinking of the steppe people. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the specific historical and cultural conditions, the knowledge and ideas of the ancient Greeks and the Kazakh people about the world, being, man, society, nature and life are very closely intertwined and demonstrate a deep connection. Such well-known scientists as Auezkhan Kodar, Seit Kaskabasov, Sagadi Bulekbaev in their studies of biogenetic laws and altered states of consciousness, based on typological analysis, note that this continuity and interrelationship of worldviews is not accidental, and cultural dialogue is not limited to a certain historical period. This is a continuous process that is reflected in the consciousness of each new generation, and thus goes beyond the space-time continuum. In their mythological knowledge, both peoples were among the first to try to generalize, classify and understand the systematicity, diversity and multiplicity of the universe. The result is the conclusion that both the formation of knowledge about the surrounding world and the realization of oneself and the meaning of life took place through the synthesis of conceptual thinking and artistic universals