bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Definire l'infedeltà e le sue conseguenze: una prospettiva clinica
Authors: Lissandrello Francesca
Published: December 2021

L'infedeltà è uno dei temi più difficili da affrontare sia per le coppie che ne so-no coinvolte sia per i clinici che se ne occupano. Nonostante essa sia un fenomeno molto diffuso, la ricerca in merito rimane limitata. La complessità del costrutto rende infatti difficile la sua definizione. Questo studio ha l'obiettivo di sistematiz-zare le ricerche presenti in letteratura sulla definizione di infedeltà, sulle sue conse-guenze e sulle implicazioni cliniche. È stata condotta una revisione della letteratura scientifica degli articoli pubblicati dal 1987 fino ad aprile 2021. Dagli studi analiz-zati è emerso che i ricercatori, i clinici e la popolazione generale concettualizzano l'infedeltà in maniera differente e che le conseguenze di questa possono essere le più disparate e sono diverse per la parte tradita, per il fedifrago e per l'amante. È stato riscontrato che le coppie che rimangono insieme dopo un tradimento sono quelle che ne parlano e iniziano una psicoterapia. Non esistono modelli di interven-to evidence-based specifici per l'infedeltà, ma la fiducia e il perdono sono gli ele-menti centrali dell'intervento psicologico. Risulta necessario ampliare le conoscen-ze in merito e sviluppare degli strumenti specifici che permettano ai clinici di navi-gare in questo processo.
The modern Italian debate on the Walrasian theory of capitalization (1960-1971)
Authors: Michelagnoli Giovanni
Published: December 2021

Historians have studied the intellectual relationships between Walrasian eco-nomic thought and the Italian tradition with a primary focus on nineteenth-century economic thought. Nevertheless, in the 1960s heated controversy over Walras's capitalization theory, prompted by Sraffa (1960) and, even more, by Garegnani (1960), developed in Italy. This paper aims to reconstruct that debate to illustrate that, even during such a period of critical reappraisal, a number of Ital-ian economists held a fundamentally sceptical attitude towards a criticism of Walras's scheme.
Механізми забезпечення єдності судової практики Верховним Судом
Authors: Деменчук М.
Published: December 2021

У статті досліджено механізми забезпечення єдності судової практики Верховним Судом. Висловлено точку зору щодо наявних у юридичній літературі підходів до їх поділу, запропонований власний – на первинні та вторинні механізми (залежно від характеру). Досліджено шляхи вдосконалення механізмів із забезпечення єдності судової практики.
Правовідносини у сфері електронної комерції
Authors: Еннан Р.
Published: December 2021

На підставі законодавства ЄС проведено аналіз поняття «електронна комерція», визначено правовідносини, які становлять це поняття, досліджено поняття й використання електронних документів та електронних підписів.
REGENERATION OF MICRO CUTTINS WITH DIFFERENT SIZE AND ORIENTATION IN TEST TUBE
Authors:   Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center»,, Puzirnova V.G. , Doroshenko N.P. ,   Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center»,
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the optimization of one of the factors influencing the success of micropropagation – the choice of the optimal size of the explant and the method of its expo-sure in a test tube. Many studies have con-firmed that the size of the micro cuttings and its orientation during planting can affect the speed of growth processes and the survival rate of plants. The experiment was set on the Fio-letoviy Ranniy grape variety. The best size of the micro cuttings and the method of its orien-tation in the test tube are established.
GRAPEVINE VARIETY AUGUSTA BRED BY ARRIV&W – BRANCH OF FRARC FOR HIGH QUALITY WINE
Authors:   Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center»,, Matveeva N.V. , Bahmetova M.V. ,   Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center»,
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the technological study of red wine variety Augusta bred in Ya.I. Potapenko Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking. The research was carried out in the laboratory of winemaking technology in the conditions of micro-winemaking and semi-reproduction. The mass of one batch of grapes was 50–350 kg. Samples of natural dry, semi-sweet and liqueur wines were pre-pared. The main physical and chemical pa-rameters of wort and wine are determined. All of them corresponded to the Standard indicators. The organoleptic evaluation of wine materials showed that all the samples (dry, semi-sweet and liqueur) were distin-guished by a dark ruby color, had a bright, complex aroma, with tones of berries, and light shades of tea rose, and the high organo-leptic properties of the wines were increased when using bottle holding. According to the results of the research, conclusions were made about the feasibility of using the technical grade Augusta for the preparation of various types of wines (dry, semi-sweet and liqueur).
Optical Chemosensors for Cations Based on 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives
Authors:   Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia, Pavlova M. A. , Panchenko P. A. ,   Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 28, Moscow, 119991 Russia
Published: December 2021

This review presents the examples of fluorescent sensors for metal cations based on a 1,8-naphthalimide optical platform and covers the main advances in this field for the last decade. The mechanisms of the generation of an optical signal are discussed in detail. Special attention is given to the authors' own works.
Kennslubók í spænsku: part one
Authors: Þorgilsson Þórhallur
Published: December 2021

The first Spanish language course published in Iceland.
"These wasps behave just like those men who...": Irony and Optimism in Baroncelli's writings
Authors: Veneziano Fabrizio
Published: December 2021

How can you conjugate scepticism and optimism? Irony and solidarity? Flavio Baroncelli spent most of his life, both as a scholar and as a human being, on this hard task, and his writings are there to show the results he achieved. Perhaps owing to the colloquial tone employed, his editorials in the section called "Scostumando" (published over the Nineties in the Italian newspaper Il Secolo XIX) offer an excellent sample of his "sceptical" but "reasonable", "analytic-ironical", "communication-intended" style.
Utjecaj sklopa i načina sjetve na prinos zrna kukuruza
Authors: Petrović Davor , Banaj Anamarija , Stipešević Bojan , Tadić Vjekoslav , Banaj Đuro
Published: December 2021

U radu su prikazani rezultati ostvarenog prinosa zrna kukuruza pri različitim sustavima sjetve u 2016. godini na pokušalištu Slovinska Kovačica (45°45ʹ44,85ʺ N i 17°0ʹ21,43ʺ E). Sjetva je obavljena u udvojene redove s razmakom od 22 cm (twin row tehnologija) i na standardni način s razmakom redova od 70 cm. Korištena su dva hibrida kukuruza P0023 (FAO 420) i P0412 (FAO 520) posijana u četiri različita sklopa. Analizom varijance utvrđeno je da su sustav sjetve i sklop statistički značajno utjecali na ostvareni prinos zrna (kg ha-1). U standardnoj sjetvi hibrid P0023 u prosječnom sklopu od 64 116 biljaka ha-1 ostvario je prinos zrna od 13 374 kg ha-1, a u sjetvi udvojenih redova zabilježen je prinos zrna veći za 5,12%. Najveći prinos istog hibrida u standardnoj sjetvi ostvaren je pri sklopu od 94 466 biljaka ha-1 (14 264 kg ha-1), dok je u udvojenim redovima ostvaren prinos od 15 004 kg ha-1 ili 5,19 % više. Povećanjem prosječnog sklopa na 103 741 i 104 931 biljaka ha-1 u oba sustava sjetve došlo je do pada prinosa zrna na 13 237 i 14 143 kg ha-1, pri čemu je ipak sjetva u udvojene redove i u ovim uvjetima rezultirala povećanjem prinosa od 6,84%. Hibrid P0412 u sklopu od 95 935 biljaka ha-1 u udvojenim redovima ostvario je prinos zrna od 14 994 kg ha-1 ili 5,82 % više dok je u sklopu od 105 143 biljaka ha-1 u sjetvi u udvojene redove zabilježen također viši prinos zrna za 4,56%. Najbolji rezultat u pokusu hibrida P0023 ostvaren je sjetvom u udvojene redove u sklopu 95 389 biljaka ha-1, a hibrida P0412 također sjetvom u udvojene redove u sklopu 76 133 biljaka ha-1. U sustavu sjetve u udvojene redove utvrđena je nešto niža vlaga zrna u vrijeme berbe kod oba hibrida.
OSMANLI'DAN CUMHURİYET'E YUNUS EMRE ALGISI
Authors: ÖZÇELİK Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Türk şiirinin kurucu şairi Yunus Emre, yaşadığı dönemden Osmanlı'nın son yıllarına kadar sufi bir şair, bir derviş olarak tanındı. Meşrutiyet'le birlikte başlayan yeni çalışmalarda özellikle Cumhuriyet döneminde yayımlanan eserlerde ise durum değişti. Panteist, Hurufi, Devrimci, Seküler vb. Yunus portreleri ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Farklı düşünce sahiplerinin Yunus'u benimsemeleri elbette sevindiricidir. Fakat tarihi bir şahsiyeti olduğundan farklı tanımlamak onun doğru anlaşılması açısından ortaya sorunlar çıkarmaktadır. Bu da ondan faydalanmayı zorlaştırmaktadır. Ancak Yunus
Emre'yi gerçek kimliği ile tanımak ve bugün için de bir değer, çağdaş sıkıntıların çözümünde bir rehber olarak görmek isteniyorsa ona dair sahih bir kimlik inşası önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla eseri ortadadır ve orada onun düşünce dünyası açıkça ifade edilmektedir. Nitekim geleneğin ona dair söyledikleri bu konuda önemli imkânlar sunmaktadır.
Adult Population Development of Grapholita molesta (Busck 1916) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Different Fruit Species and Locations
Authors: ŞAHİN Ali Kürşat , ÖZPINAR Ali
Published: December 2021

Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is an important fruit pest with a wide range of host in many fruit producing countries. This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the adult population development of G. molesta on different fruit species in different locations in Çanakkale province of Turkey. With this purpose pheromone traps were placed in peach, cherry and apricot orchards in Central, Biga, Lapseki and Bayramiç districts of Çanakkale province. The traps were checked weekly and the number of adult G. molesta in traps were recorded. At the end of the study, the pest is confirmed to exist in all fruit producing areas of Çanakkale province. First adult emergence was at early May with the adult population continuing until October. The pest has 2-3 generations throughout production season, which may change with relation to fruit species and location. According to the statistical analysis of the data, both location and fruit species have significant effects on adult population development of the pest with the highest population occuring in peach as the fruit species and Lapseki disrict as the location. It is thought that, the differences in adult population density and development between orchards with the same fruit species is caused by different fruit cultivars used in orchards, different treatments by farmers and climate differences.
Çanakkale Kepez Meydanı Öneri Peyzaj Tasarımı
Authors: ERDURAN NEMUTLU Füsun
Published: December 2021

Meydan, kentsel odak noktası ve sosyal hayatın yoğun olduğu önemli kamusal açık alandır. Tarih boyunca kent hafızasındaki bir çok olay, meydanın fiziki mekanında gerçekleşir. Bu nedenle peyzaj tasarımında kullanıcıların dinlenme, toplanma, buluşma ve sosyal aktiviteleri dikkate alınırken estetik anlayışa da yer yerilmelidir. Hızlı kentleşen bir Belde konumunda olan Kepezin mevcut meydanı peyzaj tasarımı açısından yetersiz bulunarak günümüz ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda yeniden tasarlanması gerekli görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, Kepez Beldesi’nin merkezinde, ana yol bağlantılarında, iş merkezlerinin odağında, halkın çok yoğun kullandığı meydanın, modern görünümlü ve bitkisel tasarım açısından hem işlevsel hem estetik görünüme sahip olmasının sağlanmasıdır. Bu amaçla çalışmada, alan görsel, mekansal ve swot analizleri ile irdelenmiş, yerinde kullanıcıları ile gözlemlenmiş, bitkisel materyalinin durumu incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda alanda meydan tasarım ilkeleri dikkate alınarak peyzaj tasarımı önerisi yapılmıştır.
DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE LEADERS THROUGH TRANSFORMATIONAL EXECUTIVE EDUCATION PROGRAMS
Authors: Prystupa-Rządca Kaja , Rządca Maciej
Published: December 2021

The goal of executive education programs is to prepare the leaders to act in swiftly changing business and social environment. However, various research show that the program completion may not induce the expected change unless it has more transformational nature.
In other words, the program curriculum should put more emphasis on soft skills development and incorporation of experiential learning methods. Therefore, the quantitative, longitudinal research was conducted among participants of executive education program at a highly ranked university which met the criteria of transformational education program. The study aimed to measure the change at the level of basic motivators among 71 Executive MBA students that occurred during 2 years of studies at the executive program using REISS Motivation Profile®. There were discovered significant changes in 5 motivators: Acceptance, Social Contact, Status, Order and Tranquility. The results indicate that the program participants become leaders that are more oriented towards collaboration with others and value more planning and balanced approach to management. The results bring valuable indication for both university management and educators calling for changes in the executive education curriculum.
Keywords: executive education, leadership development, RMP®, quantitative research
Organization of Medical Support for the Military Service Call-Up of Citizens during New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Kuzmin S.A. , Grigorieva L.K. ,   Orenburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Izbagambetova K.A. ,   Military Commissariat of the Orenburg Region, Orenburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the organization of screening of conscripts for COVID-19 infection in one of the subjects of the Russian Federation — Orenburg region. Materials and methods of the study. The study of organization of examination of conscripts for COVID-19 infection included study of the experience of the Center of Military Medical Examination of the Military Commissariat of Orenburg Region in carrying out military conscription under conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic; methodological recommendations approved by the Head of the Main Military Medical Department of the Defense Ministry of Russia as well as the analysis of the activities carried out at different stages of medical sorting. Results of the study and their analysis. The results of the study of the organization of COVID-19 screening of conscripts in Orenburg Region showed that sufficient and effective barrier medical screening was organized at all stages. Conscripts in good health condition were sent to the Armed Forces for military service under conscription. No claims were received from military units about poor quality selection of conscripts. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, recruitment commissions of Orenburg Region coped successfully with the task of drafting citizens for military service.
Peculiarities of Respiratory Support in Patients with Severe Pathology during Air Ambulance Evacuation
Authors:   Scientific and Practical Center for Emergency Medical Care оf the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gumenyuk S.A. , Potapov V.I. ,   Scientific and Practical Center for Emergency Medical Care оf the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sysoev A.Yu. ,   Scientific and Practical Center for Emergency Medical Care оf the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to identify and to analyze the features of respiratory support in patients with severe acute respiratory failure when performing air ambulance evacuation by light class helicopters by specialists of aeromedical teams. Materials and methods. We used materials containing data on the frequency and peculiarities of ventilator usage and tracheal intubation during emergency medical care for patients with acute respiratory failure over the last 5 years (2016-2020). During this period emergency medical care was provided to 53579 patients, 298 of whom were in extremely severe and serious condition requiring ventilator usage and tracheal intubation. The following methods were used in the study: historical, statistical, analytical. Results of the study and their analysis. Trauma prevailed among nosological forms in patients with acute respiratory failure. Artificial lung ventilation with tracheal intubation should be started before the patient is transported to the helicopter cabin. During air ambulance evacuation of patients with acute respiratory failure by helicopter of light class, doctors should take differentiated approach to the choice of type and mode of respiratory support and of method of airway patency assurance.
REFLEXIÓN SOBRE EL DISEÑO INTERIOR EN ESPACIOS EDUCATIVOS A PARTIR DE LAS INTELIGENCIAS MÚLTIPLES DE GARDNER
Authors: Rosales-Cisneros María Angélica , Cordero-Salcedo Manuela
Published: December 2021

El aprendizaje preescolar tiene como uno de sus objetivos facilitar el proceso de enseñanza, aplicando diversas metodologías en el aula de clase, con el propósito de reforzar el conocimiento y la inteligencia de los alumnos. Es así como busca fortalecer y fomentar el desarrollo inclusivo en niñas y niños para su óptimo desarrollo humano e intelectual en el espacio que acoge las actividades diarias de los establecimientos educativos, acompañando los objetivos de dichas instituciones. El presente artículo da cuenta de una reflexión respecto al diseño de espacios interiores para la educación primaria desde la mirada de las ocho Inteligencias Múltiples (IMG) del psicólogo y pedagogo Howard Gardner, este a su vez revisa y relaciona bibliografía sobre el trabajo de Gardner y propone alternativas para el diseño de espacios interiores que se correspondan con las IMG.

Palabras clave: Desarrollo infantil, educación inicial, espacios preescolares, Howard Gardner, IMG, inclusión.

AbstractThe objective of preschool learning is to facilitate the teaching process by applying various methodologies in the classroom to reinforce the knowledge and intelligence of the students. This is how preschool learning seeks to strengthen and promote inclusive development in girls and boys for their optimal human and intellectual development in the space that hosts students´ daily activities, so that these institutions attain their objectives. This article gives a reflection of interior design spaces for primary education from Eight Multiple Intelligences perspective by the psychologist and pedagogue Howard Gardner (IMG); at the same time, it reviews and relates bibliography on Gardner's work and proposes alternatives for the design of interior spaces that correspond to the IMG.

Keywords: Child development, Early childhood education, Howard Gardner, Inclusion, IMG, Preschool spaces.
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii Infections using Virus-Like Particles Displaying T. gondii ROP4 Antigen
Authors: Kim Min-Ju , Mao Jie , Kang Hae-Ji , Chu Ki-Back , Quan Fu-Shi
Published: December 2021

Toxoplasma gondii ME49 infections are typically diagnosed by serological tests. However, serological diagnosis of RH strain-induced toxoplasmosis remains unknown. In order to develop seradiagnosis of above 2 kinds of infections, we generated recombinant virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying the T. gondii rhoptry protein 4 (ROP4) and evaluated their potential in T. gondii ME49 or RH strain infection diagnostics. Mice were orally infected with either the tachyzoites of T. gondii (RH) or cysts of T. gondii (ME49) at various dosages, and sera were collected at regular intervals. ELISA-based serological tests were performed to assess IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody responses against ROP4 VLP antigen and tissue lysate antigen (TLA). Compared to TLA, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels to ROP4 VLP antigen were significantly higher in the sera of T. gondii RH-infected mice 1 and 2 week post-infection (PI). T. gondii-specific IgG antibody was detected at 1, 2, 4, and 8 week PI in the T. gondii ME49-infected mice with infection dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that the ROP4 VLP antigen was highly sensitive antigens detecting T. gondii RH and ME49 antibodies at an early stage.
Proteomic and Immunological Identification of Diagnostic Antigens from Spirometra erinaceieuropaei Plerocercoid
Authors: Lu Yan , Sun Jia-Hui , Lu Li-Li , Chen Jia-Xu , Song Peng , Ai Lin , Cai Yu-Chun , Li Lan-Hua , Chen Shao-Hong
Published: December 2021

Human sparganosis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by the plerocercoids of Spirometra species. Clinical diagnosis of sparganosis is crucial for effective treatment, thus it is important to identify sensitive and specific antigens of plerocercoids. The aim of the current study was to identify and characterize the immunogenic proteins of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei plerocercoids that were recognized by patient sera. Crude soluble extract of the plerocercoids were separated using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with immunoblot and mass spectrometry analysis. Based on immunoblotting patterns and mass spectrometry results, 8 antigenic proteins were identified from the plerocercoid. Among the proteins, cysteine protease protein might be developed as an antigen for diagnosis of sparganosis.
Cryptocotyle lata (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) Adult from a Korean Raccoon Dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis
Authors: Lee Heon Woo , Hong Eui Ju , Kim Hyeon Cheol , Ryu Si Yun , Park Bae Keun
Published: December 2021

Total 513 heterophyid flukes were collected from a carcass of wild Korean raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis, in Korea. With morphological and molecular characteristics, the flukes were identified to Cryptocotyle lata. The adult C. lata were minute, transparent, pentagonal, 522 µm long by 425 µm wide. Ceca extended into post-testicular region. Ventrogenital sac elliptical, 79 µm by 87 µm with genital pore and ventral sucker. Two testes semielliptical and slightly lobed, located in the posterior region, right testis 173 µm by 155 µm, left testis 130 µm by 134 µm. In a phylogenetic tree, the fluke specimen of this study was grouped with C. lata divergent from Cryptocotyle lingua. We report here N. procyonoides koreensis first as a natural definitive host of C. lata.
Effects of Acute Pump Speed Changes on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients With an Implantable Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices
Authors: Konarik M. , Sramko M. , Dorazilova Z. , Blaha M. , Netuka I. , Ivak P. , Maly J. , Szarszoi O.
Published: December 2021

Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) with an implantable left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is an established therapeutic option for advanced heart failure. Most of the currently used LVADs generate a continuous stream of blood that decreases arterial pulse pressure. This study investigated whether a change of the pulse pressure during different pump speed settings would affect cerebral autoregulation and thereby affect cerebral blood flow (CBF). The study included 21 haemodynamically stable outpatients with a continuous-flow LVAD (HeartMate II, Abbott, USA) implanted a median of 6 months before the study (interquartile range 3 to 14 months). Arterial blood pressure (measured by finger plethysmography) was recorded simultaneously with CBF (measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasound) during baseline pump speed (8900 rpm [IQR 8800; 9200]) and during minimum and maximum tolerated pump speeds (8000 rpm [IQR 8000; 8200] and 9800 rpm [IQR 9800; 10 000]). An increase in LVAD pump speed by 800 rpm [IQR 800; 1000] from the baseline lead to a significant decrease in arterial pulse pressure and cerebral blood flow pulsatility (relative change −24 % and −32 %, both p < 0.01), but it did not affect mean arterial pressure and mean CBF velocity (relative change 1 % and −1.7 %, p=0.1 and 0.7). In stable patients with a continuous-flow LVAD, changes of pump speed settings within a clinically used range did not impair static cerebral autoregulation and cerebral blood flow.
Diseño organizacional de la escuela de policía - San Bartolo - Perú
Authors: Zavaleta Cabrera Emigdio Melquiades
Published: December 2021

El propósito de la investigación es determinar las diferentes percepciones en el nivel del diseño organizacional, por secciones, en la Escuela de Policía San Bartolo (EPSB), en una muestra de 120 alumnas. Se presenta un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transeccional y descriptivo. Los resultados permiten identificar los niveles de diseño organizacional en sus diferentes dimensiones, con un Alfa de Cronbach de confiabilidad de 0.91, aplicación del estadístico de prueba Kruskal Wallis para evaluar la hipótesis; observándose que el 95.9 % de las encuestadas perciben un nivel moderado y alto en el diseño organizacional; el 89,1%, 97,5% y 93,3%, respectivamente un nivel moderado y alto en las dimensiones formalización, profesionalismo y cultura; y, el 58,3%, 32,5%, y 24,2%, respectivamente, un nivel bajo en las dimensiones tecnología, entorno, metas y estrategias. En conclusión, se evidencian que existen diferentes percepciones al nivel del diseño organizacional, con un nivel moderado y alto en la formalización, profesionalismo y cultura y un nivel bajo en la tecnología, metas y estrategia. Por ello, es relevante cubrir estas falencias con la necesidad de plataforma tecnológica, estrategia importante y prioritaria en la gestión que permite mejorar la capacidad de respuesta organizacional y el cumplimiento de metas y objetivos.
Peruana del bicentenario: promotora del emprendimiento en tiempos de crisis
Authors: Mendoza Aranzamendi Jessica Aleida , ¨Pinto Villar Yenny Marilú , Galvez Marquina Mario César
Published: December 2021

Aún no se define con claridad las competencias empresariales y acceso a los mercados para generar ingresos económicos por parte de las mujeres como promotoras del emprendimiento en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19; por tales consideraciones, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo establecer las características de las citadas competencias de la mujer como emprendedora en el marco del Bicentenario del Perú, en época de crisis. La investigación se enmarca en la metodología de enfoque cualitativo; y, de diseño fenomenológico hermenéutico. Se entrevistó a 15 emprendedoras de distintos rubros; y los resultados evidencian que la mujer debe compartir un rol en el hogar mientras busca emprender para mejorar su economía y afrontar la crisis. Se concluye que la emprendedora presenta dificultades debido a sus limitaciones en materia de financiamiento, su rol social y el estereotipo de género. Emprender es su principal temor vinculado al descuido de su hogar. La identificación de oportunidades a través de un análisis del entorno no es una práctica planificada, por lo que se debería reforzar la cultura y las capacidades de planificación a mediano y largo plazo. Se han adaptado a la tecnología para manifestar sus emprendimientos y hacer valer sus habilidades creativas, conocimientos e innovación en productos y servicios, descubriendo una diversidad de actividades posibles para desarrollar en sus tiempos libres. Resulta imprescindible fortalecer la igualdad de género en el emprendimiento para superar el problema de desigualdad frente a los hombres.
Динамика частиц в пористой среде
Authors: КУЗЬМИНА Людмила Ивановна , ОСИПОВ Юрий Викторович , ШАЙДУЛЛИНА Александра Маратовна
Published: December 2021

При проектировании тоннелей и подземных сооружений необходимо рассматривать фильтрацию частиц в пористой породе. Долговременная глубинная фильтрация суспензий и коллоидов в пористой среде приводит к образованию осадка в порах и изменению структуры каркаса пористой породы. Модель фильтрации включает в себя уравнение баланса концентраций взвешенных и осажденных частиц, а также кинетическое уравнение роста осадка. Процесс фильтрации определяется функцией фильтрации, задающей зависимость скорости роста осадка от концентрации осажденных частиц. Вид функции фильтрации связан со свойствами частиц, жидкости и пористой среды. Исследуется динамика (зависимость от времени) концентраций взвешенных и осажденных частиц для различных функций фильтрации в точке выхода частиц из пористой среды. Показано, что при больших интервалах времени скорость роста обеих концентраций уменьшается и стремится к нулю. При малом временном интервале скорости роста концентраций осадка убывают для частиц малого размера и увеличиваются для больших частиц, скорости роста концентраций взвешенных частиц растут или убывают в зависимости от вида функции фильтрации. Найдены условия существования точек перегиба на графиках динамики концентраций в точке выхода частиц из пористой среды.
Факторы, влияющие на оценку потребности населения в объектах социальной инфраструктуры
Authors: МАКСИМОВ Сергей Олегович , ЛЕОНОВ Виктор Викторович , ДОЛГУШИН Александр Васильевич
Published: December 2021

Оценка прогнозируемого уровня обеспеченности объектами социальной инфраструктуры - важная задача городского управления. Определены факторы, оказывающие влияние на необходимость размещения объектов социальной инфраструктуры на краткосрочный, среднесрочный и долгосрочный периоды. Рассмотрены два вида объектов социальной инфраструктуры, оказывающие услуги по территориальному принципу, обязательный доступ к которым предусмотрен законодательно. Это объекты здравоохранения (детские и взрослые поликлиники), дошкольного (детские сады) и общего (школы) образования. Изучено влияние трех групп взаимосвязанных факторов - демографических, градостроительных и территориальных особенностей на доступность этих объектов. Представлено изменение степени влияния рассмотренных групп факторов на необходимость размещения объектов социальной инфраструктуры в зависимости от прогнозируемого периода. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для повышения качества прогнозирования потребности населения в объектах социальной инфраструктуры при разработке планов градостроительного развития территорий.
European international financial organizations are investors in the real sector of Ukraine’s economy
Authors:   National Institute for Strategic Studies, KOLOSOVA Viktoriia
Published: December 2021

The article highlights the historical aspects of Ukraine's cooperation with two international financial institutions, which provide Ukraine with significant credit resources: the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Investment Bank. The structure of these institutions, the purpose of their work, means and methods of achieving the goals defined in the statutory documents were considered. The cooperation of Ukraine with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Investment Bank on the implementation of investment projects in the public and private sectors was studied, the peculiarities of the project implementation were analysed and the factors that impact low disbursement were investigated. Attention is drawn to the importance of using investments from international financial organizations in full and the importance of further close cooperation with institutions that provide credit resources to Ukraine in periods when the state does not actively cooperate with the IMF. Generalised suggestions for improving Ukraine's cooperation with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the European Investment Bank were prepared, separately for each bank, the steps that need to be taken to increase the disbursement of loans for investment projects implemented in Ukraine with international financial organizations were listed.
Formation of conditions for BEPS analysis in Ukraine
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, IVANYTSKA Olga , KOSHCHUK Tetiana
Published: December 2021

The article reveals the problems related to the formation of conditions for analyzing the transfer of profits between countries according to the OECD indicators of Action 11 of the OECD Recommendations on preventing the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS Action Plan) in Ukraine. It is established that the calculation of OECD indicators with data on Ukraine may be complicated due to the lack of relevant statistical information, as well as due to the establishment of the process of processing, aggregation and analysis of information from companies (including new reporting – Notification of participation in an international group of companies and transfer pricing reporting according to the “three-tier model”, which includes Сountry-by-country report). It is determined: 1) what information needed to calculate OECD indicators for BEPS analysis is already available in statistical sources and financial statements of companies; 2) what data for these purposes can be obtained by government agencies from new reporting for international groups of companies and their members in Ukraine, which will be submitted by them from 2021 and later; 3) what economic figures will not be available for BEPS analysis according to OECD indicators after the start of these new reporting forms. The necessity of forming organizational bases for collecting and processing domestic data at macroeconomic and microeconomic levels is substantiated in order to include them in global calculations of OECD indicators and use them in determining the effectiveness of BEPS countering measures in Ukraine.
Tackling the Challenges of Graft Healing After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction—Thinking From the Endpoint
Authors: Yao Shiyi , Yung Patrick Shu Hang , Lui Pauline Po Yee
Published: December 2021

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is common in sports and accidents, and accounts for over 50% of all knee injuries. ACL reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly indicated to restore the knee stability, prevent anterior–posterior translation, and reduce the risk of developing post-traumatic osteoarthritis. However, the outcome of biological graft healing is not satisfactory with graft failure after ACLR. Tendon graft-to-bone tunnel healing and graft mid-substance remodeling are two key challenges of biological graft healing after ACLR. Mounting evidence supports excessive inflammation due to ACL injury and ACLR, and tendon graft-to-bone tunnel motion negatively influences these two key processes. To tackle the problem of biological graft healing, we believe that an inductive approach should be adopted, starting from the endpoint that we expected after ACLR, even though the results may not be achievable at present, followed by developing clinically practical strategies to achieve this ultimate goal. We believe that mineralization of tunnel graft and ligamentization of graft mid-substance to restore the ultrastructure and anatomy of the original ACL are the ultimate targets of ACLR. Hence, strategies that are osteoinductive, angiogenic, or anti-inflammatory should drive graft healing toward the targets. This paper reviews pre-clinical and clinical literature supporting this claim and the role of inflammation in negatively influencing graft healing. The practical considerations when developing a biological therapy to promote ACLR for future clinical translation are also discussed.
Distribution of Corneal Geometric Landmarks and Relationship Between Their Distances and Biomechanical Parameters in the Development of Keratoconus
Authors: Tian Lei , Zhang Hui , Guo Li-Li , Qin Xiao , Zhang Di , Li Lin , Wu Ying , Jie Ying , Zhang Haixia
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To analyze the changes in coordinates and distances among three typical geometric landmarks of the cornea, namely, the thinnest point (TP), maximum curvature (Kmax), and corneal apex (AP) during the development of keratoconus, and explore the potential relationship between these changes and the abnormalities of corneal biomechanics.

Methods: Normal eyes (n = 127), clinical keratoconic eyes (CKC, n = 290), and the eyes of forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC, n = 85) were included; among them, the CKC group was classified into four grades based on the Topographic Keratoconus Classification (TKC) provided by Pentacam. A total of 38 Corvis ST output parameters and three distance parameters of three typical landmarks (DKmax-AP, DTP-AP, and DKmax-TP) based on Pentacam were included. The differences of parameters among the abovementioned six groups (Normal, FFKC, and CKC stage I to CKC stage IV) were analyzed. Spearman’s rank correlation test was performed to choose several dynamic corneal response (DCR) parameters that could best reflect the changes of corneal biomechanical characteristics during the progression of the disease, and the Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation test was conducted to determine the association between the three distances and the selected DCR parameters in each grade. In addition, by flipping the X coordinate of the left eye on the vertical axis to reflect the direction of the right eye, the coordinates of TP and Kmax in different developmental grades were highlighted.

Results: From CKC stage II, the three geometric landmark distances commenced to correlate with the corneal DCR parameters (CBI, SPA1, IR, DA Ratio 2, ARTh, MIR, Radius, Pachy, and DA Ratio 1), which could better represent the changes of biomechanical properties from normal cornea to keratoconus. From normal cornea to CKC stage IV, the coordinates of Kmax were gradually tended to the inferior temporal region from dispersion, while TP was always concentrated in the inferior temporal region. Although DKmax-AP, DKmax-TP, and DTP-AP all showed a gradual decreasing trend with the progress of the disease, the first two did not change significantly, and only DTP-AP significantly approached AP in the later stage of disease development. In addition, from the FFKC group, the corresponding values of DKmax-TP in each disease development group were smaller than DKmax-AP.

Conclusions: In the later stage of keratoconus, the relationship between the three typical landmark distance parameters and DCR parameters is stronger, and even the weakening of corneal biomechanical properties may be accompanied by the merger of typical landmark positions.
Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Assessment in Emerging and Advanced Pre-Clinical Meniscus Repair Strategies: A Review
Authors: Trivedi Jay , Betensky Daniel , Desai Salomi , Jayasuriya Chathuraka T.
Published: December 2021

Surgical repair of meniscus injury is intended to help alleviate pain, prevent further exacerbation of the injury, restore normal knee function, and inhibit the accelerated development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Meniscus injuries that are treated poorly or left untreated are reported to significantly increase the risk of PTOA in patients. Current surgical approaches for the treatment of meniscus injuries do not eliminate the risk of accelerated PTOA development. Through recent efforts by scientists to develop innovative and more effective meniscus repair strategies, the use of biologics, allografts, and scaffolds have come into the forefront in pre-clinical investigations. However, gauging the extent to which these (and other) approaches inhibit the development of PTOA in the knee joint is often overlooked, yet an important consideration for determining the overall efficacy of potential treatments. In this review, we catalog recent advancements in pre-clinical therapies for meniscus injuries and discuss the assessment methodologies that are used for gauging the success of these treatments based on their effect on PTOA severity. Methodologies include histopathological evaluation of cartilage, radiographic evaluation of the knee, analysis of knee function, and quantification of OA predictive biomarkers. Lastly, we analyze the prevalence of these methodologies using a systemic PubMed® search for original scientific journal articles published in the last 3-years. We indexed 37 meniscus repair/replacement studies conducted in live animal models. Overall, our findings show that approximately 75% of these studies have performed at least one assessment for PTOA following meniscus injury repair. Out of this, 84% studies have reported an improvement in PTOA resulting from treatment.
Seismic Performance of the Inerter and Negative Stiffness–Based Dampers for Vibration Control of Structures
Authors: Islam Naqeeb Ul , Jangid R. S.
Published: December 2021

Passive energy dissipation devices or supplemental damping devices have been successfully implemented into structures for controlling the excessive vibrations under wind and seismic excitation. Recent developments in the form of negative stiffness dampers (NSDs) and inerter-based vibration absorbers (IVAs) as potential energy dissipation devices are of considerable interest to researchers. The present study evaluates the performance of the combined NSD and IVA as a possible alternative to the traditional energy dissipation devices such as viscous dampers (VDs) and viscoelastic dampers (VEDs). The mathematical formulation and optimal design of the combined NSD and IVA mechanism are presented. A 20-storey benchmark building is modeled as a multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) shear building. The dynamic equations for the MDOF building are written in the state-space form, and a simple optimization approach based on effective modal damping is prescribed. Comparative performance between traditionally applied and novel IVA and NSD is investigated. The design considerations to analyze structures employing combined NSDs and IVAs are developed. It is demonstrated that NSDs and IVA-based passive energy dissipation devices are the most efficient devices in reducing inter-storey drifts and floor accelerations compared with VDs and VEDs using the same damping coefficient.
Concepts in Multifactorial Etiology of Developmental Disorders: Gene-Gene and Gene-Environment Interactions in Holoprosencephaly
Authors: Lo Hsiao-Fan , Hong Mingi , Krauss Robert S.
Published: December 2021

Many common developmental disorders are thought to arise from a complex set of genetic and environmental risk factors. These factors interact with each other to affect the strength and duration of key developmental signaling pathways, thereby increasing the possibility that they fail to achieve the thresholds required for normal embryonic patterning. One such disorder, holoprosencephaly (HPE), serves as a useful model system in understanding various forms of multifactorial etiology. Genomic analysis of HPE cases, epidemiology, and mechanistic studies of animal models have illuminated multiple potential ways that risk factors interact to produce adverse developmental outcomes. Among these are: 1) interactions between driver and modifier genes; 2) oligogenic inheritance, wherein each parent provides predisposing variants in one or multiple distinct loci; 3) interactions between genetic susceptibilities and environmental risk factors that may be insufficient on their own; and 4) interactions of multiple genetic variants with multiple non-genetic risk factors. These studies combine to provide concepts that illuminate HPE and are also applicable to additional disorders with complex etiology, including neural tube defects, congenital heart defects, and oro-facial clefting.
Mapping the Substrate-Binding Sites in the Phosphatidylserine Synthase in Candida albicans
Authors: Zhou Yue , Cassilly Chelsi D. , Reynolds Todd B.
Published: December 2021

The fungal phosphatidylserine (PS) synthase, a membrane protein encoded by the CHO1 gene, is a potential drug target for pathogenic fungi, such as Candida albicans. However, both substrate-binding sites of C. albicans Cho1 have not been characterized. Cho1 has two substrates: cytidyldiphosphate-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) and serine. Previous studies identified a conserved CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase (CAPT) binding motif, which is present within Cho1. We tested the CAPT motif for its role in PS synthesis by mutating conserved residues using alanine substitution mutagenesis. PS synthase assays revealed that mutations in all but one conserved amino acid within the CAPT motif resulted in decreased Cho1 function. In contrast, there were no clear motifs in Cho1 for binding serine. Therefore, to identify the serine binding site, PS synthase sequences from three fungi were aligned with sequences of a similar enzyme, phosphatidylinositol (PI) synthase, from the same fungi. This revealed a motif that was unique to PS synthases. Using alanine substitution mutagenesis, we found that some of the residues in this motif are required for Cho1 function. Two alanine substitution mutants, L184A and R189A, exhibited contrasting impacts on PS synthase activity, and were characterized for their Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The L184A mutant displayed enhanced PS synthase activity and showed an increased Vmax. In contrast, R189A showed decreased PS synthase activity and increased Km for serine, suggesting that residue R189 is involved in serine binding. These results help to characterize PS synthase substrate binding, and should direct rational approaches for finding Cho1 inhibitors that may lead to better antifungals.
Clinical Performance of BAL Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequence and Serum (1,3)-β-D-Glucan for Differential Diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia and Pneumocystis jirovecii Colonisation
Authors: Liu Li , Yuan Mingjuan , Shi Yi , Su Xin
Published: December 2021

Background

Differentiating Pneumocystis jirovecii infection from colonisation is crucial for appropriate therapy administration. In this study, we evaluated the performance of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) and serum 1,3-β-D-glucan (BDG) tests in differentiating colonisation and infection with P. jirovecii.

Methods

From January 2018 to March 2021, 47 patients were enrolled in this study at the Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital. The final diagnosis was used as a reference, and cases were classified into the P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) group or the P. jirovecii colonisation (PJC) group. Clinical data were recorded. The performances of mNGS and BDG were compared.

Result

The fungal load significantly differed between patients with PJP and PJC, with median reads of 3,215.79 ± 1,797 vs. 5.61 ± 0.88 in the PJP and PJC groups, respectively (P < 0.0001). BDG also significantly differed between the two groups, with a median titre of 233.60 ± 39.65 pg/ml in the PJP group and 68.48 ± 19.21 pg/ml in the PJC group (P = 0.0006). The area under the curve was 0.973 (95%CI: 0.868–1.007) for mNGS of the BAL and 0.879 (95%CI: 0.769–0.989) for the serum BDG. The optimal threshold value for discriminating P. jirovecii infection from colonisation appeared to be 14 reads (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 95.7%; positive likelihood ratio, 19.2) and BDG = 88.6 pg/ml (sensitivity, 79.2%; specificity, 92.9%; positive likelihood ratio, 18.2). No correlation between mNGS reads and the BDG titre was found in mNGS-positive patients (r2 = 0.0076, P = 0.583). The levels of lactate dehydrogenase and C-reactive protein were significantly higher in the PJP group than in the PJC group.

Conclusion

BAL mNGS and serum BDG are useful adjunct tests that can assist with differentiating between colonisation and infection of P. jirovecii.