bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality Deterioration of Commercial Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) Seeds Stored under Contrasting Environmental Conditions in Sri Lanka
Authors: Ariyarathna R.A.I.S. , Weerasena S.L. , Beneragama C.K.
Published: March 2020

Bean is a popular vegetable grown in most parts of Sri Lanka. Farmers and home gardeners purchase seeds in packeted form retail outlets. However, quality problems are frequently reported, especially on low field germination. Quality parameters namely, percentage germination, field emergence, seedling length, vigour index and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis were used to determine the effect of different storage environmental conditions on seed longevity of two bean varieties during a two-year storage period, 2016 to 2018. Seeds in triple-laminated packets stored in four contrasting conditions; low temperature storage conditions (Tem. 5oC, 65% RH); three geo-environmental conditions namely, Gannoruwa (mid country wet zone), Kundasale (mid country intermediate zone), and Mahailuppallama (low country dry zone) showed varied behavior in seed quality parameters respective of the variety. It was apparent that germination test alone does not represent the full potential of field emergence. Results of the present study revealed that when field emergence and vigour are also taken in to account, both varieties of bean seeds can be stored under ambient conditions at Gannoruwa, Kundasale or MahaIlluppallama for a maximum period of 12 months, without compromising the seed quality. The seeds stored under low temperature conditions (i.e. 5 °C), maintained the seed germination over 75% for a period of 24 months.
Aus dem "Giftschrank" in das Internet? Ist Aufklärung über NS-Propaganda im offenen Wissenschaftsnetz möglich? Eine Tagung in Wien zur Verantwortung von Bibliotheken und Museen sucht nach neuen Wegen
Authors: Bürger Thomas
Published: March 2020

Der Beitrag informiert über die Wiener Tagung „Nationalsozialismus digital. Die Verantwortung von Bibliotheken, Archiven und Museen sowie Forschungseinrichtungen und Medien im Umgang mit der NS-Zeit im Netz“ (27.–29.11.2019). Er ist zugleich ein Plädoyer, die Gedächtniseinrichtungen Bibliothek, Museum und Archiv zu digitalen Werkstätten der Demokratie mit starker BürgerInnenbeteiligung weiterzuentwickeln. Wenn das künftige deutsche Zeitungsportal der „Deutschen Digitalen Bibliothek“ NS-Zeitungen aus urheberrechtlichen Gründen ausblendet, käme dies faktisch einem fortgesetzten Täterschutz gleich. Mit den Methoden der Digital Humanities sollte vielmehr ein vollständiges Zeitungsportal die problematischen Quellen angemessen kontextualisieren und mit sprach- und bildkritischen Analysen zeigen, wohin Gleichgültigkeit und Wegschauen früher schon einmal geführt haben.
Migración Internacional en la agenda de derechos
Authors: Martínez Pizarro Jorge
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se examina la agenda de derechos humanos de los migrantes, tarea que implica enormes dificultades si se considera que el resguardo de la integridad de los migrantes es una zona oscura al momento del ejercicio de la soberanía y las prácticas normativas nacionales. Así, se realiza una descripción de las iniciativas a nivel internacional para la promoción y defensa de los derechos humanos y, específicamente, la Convención Internacional sobre la Protección de los Derechos de todos los Trabajadores Migratorios y de sus Familiares. Se analizan, además, los avances que en materia de gobernabilidad y derechos humanos de los migrantes se han logrado en América Latina y el Caribe, destacando los esfuerzos multilaterales y regionales existentes, aludiendo a los puntos de mayor gravitación en la construcción de la agenda de derechos de los migrantes. Se destaca que hay señales de avance en la construcción de una agenda latinoamericana y caribeña de los derechos de los migrantes, al existir un sustento mínimo necesario para encarar la invisibilidad del problema y suministrar instrumentos para la gobernabilidad de la migración.
Patrones y diferencias en la transición escuelatrabajo en Buenos Aires, Lima y la Ciudad de México
Authors: Solís Patricio , Cerrutti Marcela , Giorguli Silvia E. , Benavides Martín , Binstock Georgina
Published: March 2020

Los patrones de desigualdad en América Latina se traducen en oportunidades diferentes entre los jóvenes y en la forma y el momento en que se dan las transiciones a la adultez. En este trabajo realizamos un análisis comparativo de dos transiciones, la salida de la escuela y el ingreso al mercado de trabajo, en Buenos Aires, Lima y la Ciudad de México, y documentamos la heterogeneidad de situaciones que viven los jóvenes durante esta doble transición. Se exploran las diferencias por estrato socioeconómico y sexo al interior y entre las ciudades. Si bien las características sociodemográficas y socioeconómicas de los jóvenes se asocian estrechamente a las diferencias intra-ciudad, éstas no son suficientes para dar cuenta de las diferencias entre ciudades. Esto sugiere que los entornos institucionales que regulan el acceso al sistema educativo y al mercado de trabajo contribuyen a explicar las características particulares que asume la transición escuelatrabajo en las tres ciudades
Crecimiento urbano y movilidad en América Latina
Authors: P. da Cunha José Marcos , Rodríguez Vignoli Jorge
Published: March 2020

América Latina es la región más urbanizada del mundo en desarrollo. Esto ha facilitado avances en algunos indicadores sociales, pero no se ha asociado con un proceso de desarrollo económico sostenido ni con un abatimiento de la pobreza y la desigualdad. Por ello, la región enfrenta complejos desafíos para manejar la urbanización que proseguirá y para reducir el pertinaz rezago socioeconómico en el campo. Si bien la migración masiva del campo a la ciudad es el factor demográfico que explica la urbanización, en la actualidad la corriente predominante es la urbana-urbana y la que emerge en términos de cuantía e impacto es la intrametropolitana. Basándose en evidencia censal de algunos países latinoamericanos clave, este artículo proporciona evidencias de algunos de estos fenómenos y llama la atención acerca de algunos de los desafíos en torno a medición, análisis y política pública que la localización y movilidad de la población conllevan.
Desigualdades sociales y relaciones intrafamiliares en el México del siglo XXI
Authors: Ariza Marina , De Oliveira Orlandina
Published: March 2020

Centrando el interés en la dinámica de las relaciones intrafamiliares, se examinan tres dimensiones hasta ahora relativamente menos estudiadas: la convivencia, la afectividad y la conflictividad. Se destaca la manera en que se modifican al contemplar tres ejes diferenciación social: el estrato socioeconómico, el gé- nero y la edad. Inicialmente se describen las tres dimensiones señaladas en términos de su relevancia para la dinámica intrafamiliar. Para determinar en qué medida cada una de estas dimensiones contenía una o varias subdimensiones recurrimos al análisis factorial. En seguida se analiza el modo en que los tres ejes de diferenciación social inciden sobre cada uno de los factores derivados del análisis estadístico; para ello se examinan los resultados arrojados por el análisis de clasificación múltiple. Por último se presentan algunas consideraciones finales. La fuente de datos utilizada es la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de la Familia en México, 2005.
Participación económica de mujeres casadas en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Caicedo Riascos Maritza
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se analizan los determinantes de la participación económica de mujeres casadas de origen mexicano, sudamericano, dominicano, y de las nativas blancas no hispanas y afroestadounidenses en los Estados Unidos. Se emplea información de la Encuesta de la Comunidad Americana acs-2008 para describir las características de dicha participación y, a través de un modelo probit, se establecen algunos factores que la determinan. El artículo, además de la introducción y de las conclusiones, está estructurado en cuatro apartados: en el primero se presentan antecedentes de la inserción laboral de las inmigrantes latinoamericanas y caribeñas en los Estados Unidos; en el segundo se analizan algunas explicaciones teóricas sobre la participación de las mujeres en general y de las inmigrantes en particular; en el tercero se observan características socioeconómicas de la población estudiada; y en el cuarto se analizan factores asociados a la participación económica de las mujeres casadas o unidas.
Cambios en el régimen de movilidad social intergeneracional en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (1960-2005)
Authors: Dalle Pablo
Published: March 2020

El artículo explora cambios en la apertura del régimen de movilidad social intergeneracional en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (amba) entre 1960 y 2005. El análisis discute el impacto que tuvo la transición desde el modelo de desarrollo económico-social basado en la industrialización por sustitución de importaciones hacia otro de apertura externa y liberalización de la economía. La estrategia de análisis consiste en aplicar modelos loglineares y comparar las oportunidades relativas de acceder al estrato de clase de mayor estatus según origen de clase. Las pautas observadas muestran el cierre progresivo de la estructura social para la movilidad ascendente desde la clase trabajadora. El régimen de movilidad heredado de la globalización neoliberal presenta cierta clausura de las clases medias, fuertes barreras de clase en la movilidad ascendente de larga distancia para las personas de origen de clase trabajadora, pero fluidez para su ingreso en la clase media baja.
Maternidad adolescente en el Uruguay
Authors: Varela Petito Carmen , Fostik Ana
Published: March 2020

Este artículo analiza las características de la fecundidad adolescente en el Uruguay, concentrándose en las desigualdades sociales y de género que contribuyen a explicar el fenómeno. Concluimos que la maternidad en la adolescencia se caracteriza por condiciones de exclusión social, pobreza, bajo clima educativo del hogar y bajo logro educacional de las adolescentes. Por otro lado, este fenómeno se analiza en el marco del proceso de transición a la adultez, considerando que el inicio de la reproducción en la adolescencia introduce a las mujeres de manera anticipada y precaria a la vida adulta. El nacimiento del primer hijo no se acompaña de una mayor inserción en el mercado de trabajo o de mayores niveles de autonomía en la formación de una familia propia. La estrategia metodológica se centra en el análisis de la información proporcionada por las Encuestas Nacionales de Adolescencia y Juventud, realizadas en 1990 y 2008.
Tropezar dos veces con la misma piedra
Authors: Casique Irene
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo analizamos la situación de mujeres que no solo han sido víctimas de violencia en una primera unión conyugal, sino que han repetido esta experiencia de violencia en una segunda unión. El análisis se basa en datos provenientes de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares 2006 (México), empleando la submuestra de 7,500 mujeres actualmente unidas o casadas que tuvieron al menos una unión previa (con o sin violencia). Los resultados del análisis de regresión señalan con claridad que el riesgo de violencia (emocional y/o física) contra la mujer en la segunda unión es significativamente más elevado para aquellas que la experimentaron en una unión previa: 5.8 veces mayor que en el caso de las mujeres que no la padecieron en su primera unión.
Nuevos escenarios migratorios internacionales y estrategias familiares en México
Authors: Jardón Hernández Ana Elizabeth
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se discuten las implicaciones que la crisis económica y el endurecimiento de la política migratoria estadounidense han tenido en la configuración de nuevos escenarios en los procesos migratorios internacionales de los mexicanos. Se presentan algunas expresiones de dichas transformaciones en una comunidad de origen de tradición migratoria en el Estado de México, enfatizando sobre los efectos que están teniendo en las estrategias familiares de los hogares. Entre las principales conclusiones se advierte que la migración internacional, luego de haberse consolidado como una estrategia para la sobrevivencia de los hogares en Las Vueltas (Coatepec Harinas), actualmente atraviesa por un período de cambio asociado con la contracción del mercado laboral y los controles de seguridad fronteriza, que, por un lado, parece haber situado la dinámica de las migraciones en un compás de espera y, por otro, está atenuando su papel como recurso social y económico.
Masculinidad y sexualidad: uso de preservativos en adolescentes y jóvenes del sur de Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez David Francisco , Gutiérrez Ramírez Servando
Published: March 2020

El punto de partida del presente trabajo es el propósito de conocer qué relación existe entre las variables masculinidad y uso de preservativos en un contexto de jóvenes de clases media y popular del sur de Quito. En primera instancia, a través de entrevistas a profundidad, se ubican tres tipos de masculinidad (tradicional, híbrida y moderna), que, vinculadas a la paternidad, evidencian cambios culturales significativos. Del mismo modo, se procede con la relación entre sexualidad y uso de preservativos: se encuentran tres modelos de sexualidad (hegemónico, híbrido y abiertamente aceptado), que, relacionados con los de masculinidad, muestran que, salvo contadas excepciones, estos jóvenes valoran cada vez menos la virilidad frente al amor, a la comunicación y a la responsabilidad hacia la pareja, con la limitación de que el modelo de masculinidad tradicional y el de sexualidad hegemónico siguen teniendo un peso importante en su imaginario social.
Los desafíos laborales del envejecimiento de la población en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Paz Jorge A.
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la literatura que trata el problema del empleo entre los adultos mayores en América Latina y el Caribe, y analizarla, junto con los datos disponibles, en el contexto de un envejecimiento poblacional creciente, dispar y veloz. Esto implica tocar transversalmente varios temas complementarios del principal, entre ellos el género y la pobreza de las personas mayores. Para el examen realizado, se usa información de encuestas a hogares y censos de población. Estos últimos se refieren a los relevamientos de las rondas de 1990 y de 2000, disponibles en el sitio web del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (celade). También se apela a los documentos que describen las políticas públicas relacionadas con el empleo de los adultos mayores implementadas por algunos países de la Región en los últimos años.
Bolsa Família: impacto das transferências de renda sobre a autonomia das mulheres pobres e as relações de gênero
Authors: Lavinas Lena , Cobo Barbara , Veiga Alinne
Published: March 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar alguns resultados empíricos derivados de um survey aplicado na cidade do Recife para estimar os efeitos da política de transferência de renda mais importante do governo federal, o Programa Bolsa Família, sobre a autonomia das mulheres pobres. Pretende-se analisar os efeitos do programa no ambiente familiar, nas relações de gênero e nas oportunidades de inserção ocupacional da população adulta feminina. Com base em logits, vamos estimar probabilidades distintas para mulheres beneciárias e não-beneciárias contra um conjunto importante de fatores que determinam a autonomia das mulheres. Busca-se inferir se receber o benefício do Bolsa Família, entregue às mulheres, amplia seu grau de autonomia no âmbito das relações de gênero. Este artigo não pretende proceder a uma revisão da literatura de gênero sobre autonomia feminina, mas tão som
Sistemas de Información Geográca y desnutrición infantil en el Norte Grande Argentino
Authors: Longhi Fernando
Published: March 2020

Este trabajo, por un lado, pretendió detectar las ventajas de una herramienta como los sistemas de información geográca y su aplicación en el estudio de la desnutrición infantil; por otro lado, intentó brindar conocimiento sobre la distribución espacial de la desnutrición infantil en el caso del territorio del Norte Argentino, el área más pobre del país según distintas variables socioeconómicas, durante la transición del siglo xx al siglo xxi. Este enfoque, que denominamos extremo porque considera solo los casos de muertes de menores de cinco años que llegaron a ser registrados por el sistema estadístico, permitió detectar y localizar los núcleos duros de desnutrición. Finalmente, se elaboró un Índice de Riesgo Nutricional, el cual, además de avalar los núcleos detectados, incluyó nuevas jurisdicciones dentro de la problemática.
Desigualdad de oportunidades en el espacio educativo. Argentina, 1950-2007
Authors: Alcoba Mariana
Published: March 2020

Este artículo constituye una versión revisada de la ponencia originalmente presentada en el V Congreso de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Población, 25 de octubre de 2012, Montevideo, Uruguay

Este trabajo reúne los principales hallazgos de una investigación empírica, de naturaleza cuantitativa, sobre los principales factores asociados al logro educativo en la Argentina en el período 1950-2007; su objetivo principal es identificar las fuentes de desigualdad de oportunidades en el espacio educativo. Específicamente, se analiza el efecto de los orígenes sociales y de la segmentación educativa público-privada, entre otras variables, sobre las oportunidades de progresión educativa. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta sobre Estratificación y Movilidad Social relevada por cedop-uba en 2007. Los resultados de los modelos de regresión logística ajustados evidencian que en el espacio educativo se juega una parte muy importante de la reproducción intergeneracional de la desigualdad, en tanto las oportunidades de progresión educativa están fuertemente condicionadas por los orígenes sociales. Adicionalmente, el análisis muestra que los distintos tipos de escuela, así como los arreglos familiares, formalizan distintos canales de oportunidad, Las distintas desigualdades se acumulan, acentuando las diferencias de origen.
Tecendo redes: mapeamento de redes urbanas através de instrumentos de redes sociais
Authors: Da Cunha y Henrique Frey Tiago Augusto , Eichman Jakob Alberto Augusto
Published: March 2020

Instrumentos das análises de redes sociais podem ser, em alguma medida, apropriados nos estudos migratórios? Um dos intuitos do presente estudo, além de tentar melhor compreender a dinâmica da migração intrametropolitana da Região Metropolitana de Campinas (rmc), é também se valer de um específico meio para tanto; nesse caso, a utilização de métodos oriundos das análises de redes sociais. Nestas redes, ou ao menos na sua representação topológica, os vértices são seus municípios integrantes, por sua vez, os fluxos migratórios intrametropolitanos são representados pelos arcos que acabam por conectar estes vértices. Os principais objetivos do presente trabalho são: a) descrever algumas propriedades estruturais (essencialmente através da comparação entre suas específicas densidades) das redes ao longo do tempo; b) definir os papéis assumidos pelos municípios (através de seus graus de centralidade); e c) estabelecer se houve substanciais alterações/transformações no recorte temporal definido, bem como seus possíveis significados e impactos na rede urbana.
Proyección estocástica de la mortalidad. Una aplicación de Lee-Carter en la Argentina
Authors: Belliard Matías , Williams Iván
Published: March 2020

El principal objetivo del presente artículo es poner a disposición proyecciones de mortalidad estocásticas para la República Argentina, así como presentar el modelo e interpretarlo. Las proyecciones de mortalidad disponibles en la actualidad fueron realizadas hace aproximadamente 10 años, con modelos determinísticos. La que aquí presentamos se apoya en el modelo desarrollado por Lee y Carter en 1992 y aplicado por una importante cantidad de países, instituciones y autores. En el estudio se utilizan datos de fallecimientos y población correspondientes al período 1980-2010, para luego generar tablas de mortalidad proyectadas estocásticamente hasta el año 2050. No menos importante es el detalle metodológico del modelo, la interpretación de las estimaciones y la discusión sobre los impactos que los resultados puedan tener.
Proyección estocástica de la mortalidad. Una aplicación de Lee-Carter en la Argentina
Authors: Belliard Matías , Williams Iván
Published: March 2020

El principal objetivo del presente artículo es poner a disposición proyecciones estocásticas de mortalidad para la República Argentina, así como presentar el modelo e interpretarlo. Las proyecciones de mortalidad disponibles en la actualidad fueron realizadas hace aproximadamente 10 años, con modelos determinísticos. La que aquí presentamos se apoya en el modelo desarrollado por Lee y Carter en 1992 y aplicado por una importante cantidad de países, instituciones y autores. En el estudio se utilizan datos de fallecimientos y población correspondientes al período 1980-2010, para luego generar tablas de mortalidad proyectadas estocásticamente hasta el año 2050. No menos importante es el detalle metodológico del modelo, la interpretación de las estimaciones y la discusión sobre los impactos que los resultados puedan tener.
Cambios en el tipo de unión ante el nacimiento del primer hijo en Chile
Authors: Salinas Viviana
Published: March 2020

Este artículo estudia los cambios en las uniones de mujeres chilenas en diferentes etapas de su fecundidad (concepción, nacimiento y cuarto cumpleaños de su primer hijo) y las variables asociadas a la transición de la convivencia al matrimonio o a la disolución. Los datos provienen de la Encuesta Nuevas Familias Chilenas. Se utilizan técnicas de sobrevivencia para estimar la probabilidad de cambio en la unión y modelos multinomiales para las transiciones desde la convivencia. Se observan bastantes cambios antes del nacimiento del primer hijo, dado que numerosas uniones consensuales se inician durante el embarazo. Los cambios son menos frecuentes después del nacimiento. Quienes originalmente estaban de novias son más proclives a modificar su unión. La edad, la educación, ser católica y tener otro hijo se asocian a un menor riesgo de matrimonio o de disolución. El uso problemático de sustancias por parte de la pareja se asocia a un mayor riesgo de disolución de la convivencia.
COMPLEMENTARY ASPECTS METHODOLOGY BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES
Authors: KARPINSKA A.V.
Published: March 2020

Topicality. The current tendencies functioning enterprises of industry Ukraine, actualize the questions connected with the solution of problems their balanced development from point view necessity of ensuring the process reproduction of their productive capital. Degree of depreciation fixed assets industrial enterprises in recent years is almost 77% (76,9%), the balance of financial results is negative - 181360,9 million UAH. The percentage of unprofitable enterprises ranges from 27-37%.
Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is researched and developed complementary aspects methodology balanced development, in particular its principles and essential characteristics.
Research results. Author defines and presents principles of balanced development an industrial enterprise, as the key rules of activity to be respected by entities (owners, managers, managers, workers), which will ensure the expanded reproduction of its productive capital (balanced development), using its internal reserves and external opportunities . essential characteristics of balanced development developed and defined as the main, defining processes, which are caused by systemic connections of external and internal environment enterprise and tendencies of their development, which must be carried out or carried out by subjects of the system (owners, managers, specialists, employees) to ensure extended enterprise reproduction process.
Conclusion. Despite deformations in the industrial complex Ukraine, and destructive processes that have arisen as a result of economic crises, the country in its innovative and sustainable development should rely on the basic industrial sectors, which today have some advantages. Therefore, the processes of ensuring balanced development of industrial enterprises are still the most relevant for state, owners, managers and need further scientific development to put them into practice.
Editorial
Authors: Sanchez Andrew
Published: March 2020

This special issue of the Cambridge Journal of Anthropology, entitled ‘Confinement Beyond Site: Connecting Urban and Prison Ethnographies’, is guest edited by Julienne Weegels, Andrew M. Jefferson and Tomas Max Martin.
Institutions of Confinement as Sites of Passage
Authors: Boe Carolina S.
Published: March 2020

Never have so many foreign nationals been confined and deported from Europe and the USA as within the past decades. Yet a minority succeeds in remaining undeported for years and sometimes decades, in spite of being targets of enforcement practices related to the wars on drugs, on terror and on immigration. As they are brought into forced circulations between prisons, detention centres and the public spaces of penalized neigborhoods, they join a ‘floating population’ of exiles, transforming spaces of confinement into sites of passage. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and biographical interviews at different moments of the trajectories of ‘the undeported’, this article examines how their ability to avoid deportation develops and increases. The notion of mètis is mobilized to analyse how individuals adapt tactically or strategically to shifting, uncertain situations, and to understand the changes that they can sometimes bring to bear on the larger social forces that constrain them.
Connecting and Disconnection
Authors: Jefferson Andrew M. , Martin Tomas Max
Published: March 2020

Drawing on a case study carried out in Myanmar, this article elaborates on the concept of connectivity as a rich and critical articulation of the way prisoners and their relatives develop and sustain relationships during incarceration. The notion of connectivity offers an alternative analytic frame to that provided by established notions of prisoner–family contact. Drawing primarily on interview data, we examine how people connect and disconnect in situations of chaos, control and surveillance; how they suffer under circumstances of not-knowing; and how they establish protective exchange relations. We illustrate the utility of the concept of connectivity for interrogating the fundamentally relational practice of imprisonment and show that common notions of inside and outside are partially deconstructed through prison actors’ agentic efforts to cut ties or tie strings across prison walls.
Rivers and Religion. Connecting Cultures of South and Southeast Asia The 8th South and Southeast Asian Association for the Study of Culture and Religion (SSEASR) Conference and Its Special Session at the Buddhist sites of Bangladesh
Authors: Glushkova I.
Published: March 2020

The report of the regional conference (Dhaka, Bangladesh, June 2019) affiliated with the International Association for the History of Religions presents conceptual analysis of the papers brought together by the ‘river’ theme. Most of them focused on various aspects of the reciprocal connection and interdependence of rivers as natural water resource and religions as a socio-cultural construct. It also provides an analysis of the impact of religious beliefs on the recoding of geographical markers into cultural symbols. Similarly, the rivers and the religions are regarded as factors of physical and socio-political connectivity and disconnection in the context of their role in the formation of micro- and vast macro-regions, such as the South and South-East Asia.

The author declares that there is no conflict of interest.
Different Electrodes Connections in Electrocoagulation of Synthetic Blow down Water of Cooling Tower
Authors: Anwer Enas Ali , Abdul Majeed Basma A.
Published: March 2020

In this research, the performance of electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum (Al) electrodes with   Monopolar- parallel (MP-P), and bipolar - series (BP-S) arrangement for simultaneous removal of dissolved silica, and hardness ions (calcium, and magnesium) from synthetic blowdown water of cooling tower were investigated. The effects of current density, initial pH and time of electrolysis on the removal efficiency were studied in a batch stirred unit to find out the best-operating conditions. The obtained results for each target species are evidence that BP-S approach is the best for both electrodes configuration operated at a Current density of 1mA/cm2 through 30 min of treatment and pH=10 with the removal of 60 %, 97% and 98% for calcium, magnesium and silica, respectively. This arrangement required an electrical energy consumption of1.8 kWh/m3 which is higher than observed in a parallel arrangement.
Using Different Methods to Predict Oil in Place in Mishrif Formation / Amara Oil Field
Authors: Najeeb Mohammad , Kadhim Fadhil Sarhan , Saed Ghazwan Noori
Published: March 2020

The reserve estimation process is continuous during the life of the field due to risk and inaccuracy that are considered an endemic problem thereby must be studied. Furthermore, the truth and properly defined hydrocarbon content can be identified just only at the field depletion. As a result, reserve estimation challenge is a function of time and available data. Reserve estimation can be divided into five types: analogy, volumetric, decline curve analysis, material balance and reservoir simulation, each of them differs from another to the kind of data required. The choice of the suitable and appropriate method relies on reservoir maturity, heterogeneity in the reservoir and data acquisition required. In this research, three types of reserve estimation used for the Mishrif formation / Amara oil field volumetric approach in mathematic formula (deterministic side) and Monte Carlo Simulation technique (probabilistic side), material balance equation identified by MBAL software and reservoir simulation adopted by  Petrel software geological model.  The results from these three methods were applied by the volumetric method in the deterministic side equal to (2.25 MMMSTB) and probabilistic side equal to (1.24, 2.22, 3.55) MMMSTB P90, P50, P10 respectively. OOIP was determined by MBAL software equal to (2.82 MMMSTB). Finally, the volume calculation of OOIP by using the petrel static model was (1.92 MMMSTB). The percentage error between material balance and the volumetric equation was equal to 20% while the percentage error between the volumetric method and petrel software was 17%.
Dissolving Precipitated Asphaltenes Inside Oil Reservoirs Using Local Solvents
Authors: Farhan Laith Warid , Almahdawi Faleh H. M. , Hammadi Adel Sherif
Published: March 2020

There are several oil reservoirs that had severe from a sudden or gradual decline in their production due to asphaltene precipitation inside these reservoirs. Asphaltene deposition inside oil reservoirs causes damage for permeability and skin factor, wettability alteration of a reservoir, greater drawdown pressure. These adverse changing lead to flow rate reduction, so the economic profit will drop. The aim of this study is using local solvents: reformate, heavy-naphtha and binary of them for dissolving precipitated asphaltene inside the oil reservoir. Three samples of the sand pack had been prepared and mixed with a certain amount of asphaltene. Permeability of these samples calculated before and after mixed with asphaltenes. Then, the permeability of samples calculated after solvents injection into that porous media. After that, all the values of samples permeability converted to average permeability damage compared with the pure samples. The results show the average permeability damage of samples that mixed with 20 gm was 24 %, but after reformate injected reduced to 14 %. After injected heavy naphtha to porous media, the average permeability reduced only to 17%. The binary solvent had been prepared from reformatted mixed with heavy naphtha gained the best results because it dropped the average permeability damage to 10%.
Optimization of Hole Cleaning and Cuttings Removal in High Inclined Till Horizontal Well
Authors: Mohammed Karrar Ahmed , A. Al-Haleem Ayad
Published: March 2020

The goal of this experimental study is to determine the effects of different parameters (Flow rate, cuttings density, cuttings size, and hole inclination degree) on hole cleaning efficiency. Freshwater was used as a drilling fluid in this experiment. The experiments were conducted by using flow loop consist of approximately 14 m (46 ft) long with transparent glass test section of 3m (9.84 ft.) long with 4 inches (101.6 mm) ID, the inner metal drill pipe with 2 inches (50.8 mm) OD settled with eccentric position positive 0.5. The results obtained from this study show that the hole cleanings efficiency become better with high flow rate (21 m3/hr) and it increase as the hole inclination angles increased from 60 to 90 degree due to dominated of the rolling force. The cuttings size has negative influence on cuttings recovered as size increased and that is true for all cuttings specific gravity due to direct effect of the cuttings size and density on the gravity force which work against lifting force. The increasing of hole inclination angle above 60 degree will affect positively on cuttings removal efficiency.
Inclusive culture – a key factor for success in inclusive education
Authors: Yakubova F. R.
Published: March 2020

The article presents a theoretical analysis and generalization of General and special psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem of formation of inclusive culture among students of educational organizations. The key concept of „inclusive culture” is revealed on the basis of a theoretical review of scientific and methodological literature. The importance of the formation of inclusive culture in modern society is analyzed. A so-cially important problem of pedagogical science is the issue of teaching people with special educational needs in educational institutions. Co-education in an educational institution of conditionally healthy students and students with disabilities, or inclusive education is one of the effective forms of integration of people with disabilities into society.
The features of prosodic side of speech of junior schoolchildren with hearing impairment as part of the artistic perception of the poetic text
Authors: Dziuban A. V.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the study of the features of the prosodic side of speech as part of the artistic perception of the poetic text by junior schoolchildren with hearing impairment. The results of the experimental study on the prosodic side of speech of primary schoolchildren with preserved and impaired hearing are presented. The speech development of children with hearing impairment goes along a peculiar way of formation, which is reflected in the specificity of their mastery of the prosodic side of speech, which is important for understanding and mastering artwork and especially poetic texts, and, therefore, affects the mental, speech, aesthetic and emotional development of the child as a whole.
Theory and practice of teaching school and university students the basics of information security
Authors: Deza E. I. , Kotova L. V. , Lebedeva E. S.
Published: March 2020

The article considers the theoretical foundations, methodological capabilities and practical problems of teaching schoolchildren and students of secondary vocational education the basics of information security. The role of information security in a modern digital society is analyzed. The necessity of introducing the basic issues of protecting information of schoolchildren and students is proved. The place of the discipline „Cryptography” in the system of modern domestic general and professional education is disclosed. The methodological feasibility of developing and introducing into the pedagogical practice the course “Cryptography for All”, designed to introduce the basics of protecting information of high school students and students of secondary vocational education, students in “non-core” specialties, is substantiated. Based on highlighting the features of cryptography as an area of scientific knowledge, the questions of the practical implementation of such a course and the methodological characteristics of its educational and methodological support are formulated. The principles of creating the textbook „Cryptography for All” are highlighted. The selection criteria for its mathematical content have been clarified. The didactic functions of this manual are listed. Requirements for its structure are developed. A detailed description of the structure of the manual is provided. Issues of practical implementation of the developed materials are considered.
The ratio of random and natural in physical discoveries
Authors: Ovcharov A. V. , Betenkov F. M. , Gryaznov A. S.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the issue of the ratio of random to natural in the process of scientific discoveries. In the curricula of professional training of bachelors and specialists, except for the students of humanitarian profiles, physics is included as a mandatory discipline, in this regard, the results presented in the article will be interesting to students as cognitive, and teachers as educational and methodological. Specific examples from the history of the discovery of physical laws and phenomena show that random and natural when these laws are discovered are closely related, which is typical of different fields of natural science. Discoveries considered as random are almost always naturally justified, and in natural discoveries, it is impossible to completely exclude the factor of the random. The dialectical method of estimating the ratio of random to natural provides organic penetration of elements of random in natural-historical patterns of science development.
Network information technologies as a way of promoting ideas, knowledge and research results in the field of speech therapy
Authors: Almazova A. A. , Lagutina A. V. , Lyubimova M. M.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the problem of popularizing scientific knowledge in the field of speech therapy among the general public: parents of children with speech disorders, educators, teachers, psychologists and other interested parties. The use of the scientific and educational websites and the groups in social media is the most efficient way of informative and educational activities and increasing the level of awareness of parents of children with speech disorders. The authors share their experience in promoting science-based, reliable knowledge in the field of speech therapy through the website of the speech therapy department of the Moscow Pedagogical State University.
The modern paradigm of teaching and studying Russian as a foreign language in Russia and European countries
Authors: Vishnyakov S. A. , Makhaeva R. S.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the main psycholinguistic, lingua-didactic, methodological and pedagogical conceptual approaches that determine the modern paradigm of teaching and studying Russian as a foreign language in Russia and abroad (European countries). It is noted that the Russian psychological and linguistic school (L. S. Vygotsky, P. Ya. Halperin, I. A. Zimnyaya, A. A. Leontyev) significantly influenced the formation and evolution of foreign psycholinguistics. Co-study of language and culture, communicative orientation are general directions that characterize the lingua-didactic and methodological paradigm of foreign language education in our country and abroad. The article actualizes the subject-subject trajectory in the pedagogical organization of the educational process on the Russian as a foreign language in Russia and foreign countries.
Effect of Daily Intake of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus plantarum HOKKAIDO on Immunocompetence: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study
Authors: Nishihira Jun , Haseda Akane , Nishimura Mie , Sugawara Miwako , Kudo Masafumi , Nakagawa Ryoji
Published: March 2020

Background: Consumption of Lactobacillus plantarum HOKKAIDO (HOKKAIDO strain) reportedly increases immunocompetence. However, the concentration of viable bacteria and the type of food they can be incorporated into limits their consumption. The study aims to demonstrate the effect of daily intake of the heat-killed L. plantarum HOKKAIDO strain (HK-HOKKAIDO strain; 5 × 1010 colony-forming units/day) by healthy subjects with low natural killer (NK) cell activity for 8 weeks.Method: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, 70 healthy Japanese subjects who showed relatively low NK cell activity were recruited and randomly assigned to the HK-HOKKAIDO strain or placebo group. All subjects ingested one capsule per day for 8 weeks. We conducted medical interviews and performed body composition measurements, vital sign examinations, and blood sampling at weeks 0 (baseline), 4, and 8, and we collected salivary samples at weeks 0 and 8. In addition, the frequency and severity of cold symptoms in the subjects were recorded daily during the intake period.Results: Intake of the HK-HOKKAIDO strain did not increase the NK cell activity or immunity marker levels, including those of immunoglobulin, leukocyte fraction, and salivary secretory immunoglobulin A. However, the frequency and severity of the common cold symptoms were significantly reduced after the daily consumption of the HK-HOKKAIDO strain.Conclusions: The results showed that HK-HOKKAIDO strain administration can decrease the frequency and severity of common cold symptoms in healthy subjects. Our findings support the use of the HK-HOKKAIDO strain as a functional food with health benefits.Clinical trial registration: UMIN000034822
A randomized observational analysis examining the correlation between patients’ food sensitivities, micronutrient deficiencies, oxidative stress response and immune redox status
Authors: Steele Irena , Allright Daniel , Deutsch Roger
Published: March 2020

Background: Malnutrition due to insufficient intake of micronutrients, or due to impaired delivery of micronutrients to patients’ cells, is suppressing immune functions that are fundamental to host protection. Concurrently, an excessive triggering of patients’ immune reactions as the result of adverse responses to certain food antigens, can also lead to various chronic health conditions.Objective: To examine nutritional and immunological status in patients’ groups varying in age, dietary regimens and gastrointestinal condition; and explore a possible correlation between an impaired patients’ immune status and micronutrient deficiencies, food sensitivity and oxidative stress responses.Methods: This is a population-based study consisting of a American residents, age 13 and older, who completed the investigator’s provided questionnaires with application of cell-based individualized functional assays. Data for this paper were collected from 845 individuals between May and September 2019, as part of CSS CNA beta study. Micronutrient deficiencies, immune Redox status, antioxidative responses and food sensitivity profiles were assessed for each patient participating in this study.Results: The group of patients with low Redox status demonstrated significantly higher percent of immune reactivity (17%) to food antigens as compared to15% reactivity detected in the groups with the average and strong Redox response. An average number of identified micronutrient deficiencies, as well as beneficial anti-oxidative protective compounds, was also significantly higher in the group with the weak immune function as compared to other two groups.Conclusion: This study suggests that high food sensitivity is associated with a higher nutrient deficiency, a stronger oxidative stress response and a lower immune redox status.
Language Training of Customs Affairs Specialists: International and Russian Experience
Authors: Korovyakovsky D. G. , Igumentseva T. Yu. , Volkova V. V.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of a study of the language training of specialists in the field of Customs affairs in Russia and several of foreign countries. The described international experience in the language training of customs affairs specialists in Australia, vietnam, Germany, China, Moldova, the United States of America allows to indicate its specificity, namely, a bias towards the development of bilingual competence, since a multicultural customs space requires a specialist to have the ability to conduct a dialogue, to know the cultural realities of a native and foreign language, to be able to realize this knowledge in direct communication with international partners.

Russian experience of the language training of customs specialists is characterized, on the one hand, by the lack of regionalization and filling in the content of a foreign language on the basis of interdisciplinary integration with the content of the professional cycle disciplines, and on the other, by the widespread use of active teaching methods, information and communication technologies in teaching a foreign language, which positively affects the formation of readiness for professional intercultural communication.

The authors conclude that a deeper study of the international experience of language training on the basis of comparative analysis is necessary in order to improve Russian training of a qualified customs specialist who is able to conduct effective professional activities in a foreign language environment.
The Role of Socio-Cultural Factors in Teaching Students a Minority Language
Authors: Voevoda E. V. , Mutaf G. N.
Published: March 2020

The article addresses the problems concerned with teaching minority languages in the regions of Russia and the Gagauz Autonomy in the Republic of Moldova. The authors analyze sociocultural factors exerting motivating and demotivating influence on the use of regional languages. The results of a survey conducted in Komrat State University have shown that the Gagauz language does not fully cater to the social, intellectual and personal needs of the younger generation. Along with that, the socio-cultural component of university curricula serves as a motivating factor, promotes interest in learning a minority language and contributes to building linguo-cultural and national identity.
Models for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Corporate Training Programs for Managers on the Principle of Cross-Functionality
Authors: Inozemtsev M. I. , Marushina M. K. , Mirzoyeva A. M.
Published: March 2020

The article focuses on the analysis of models for efficiency evaluation of corporate training programs for managers based on the principle of cross-functionality taking into account the type of educational organization. According to the authors, the expected results of corporate re-training of managers on the basis of cross-functionality, first of all, is the formation of diverse, additional competences. The emergence of new types of employees with diverse competencies who follow certain rules of relations between employees contributes to the consistent increment of innovative knowledge among employees, which fully corresponds to the changing needs of production and the digital economy. The work was carried out on the basis of study of Russian and foreign scientific publications, practical experience of authors and the survey of developers of corporate training programs and specialists on the basis of the principle of cross-functionality. The 7 most commonly used assessment models have been identified. The results are of interest to corporate training and continuing education professionals during the planning and development phase of educational programs.