bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical expression of MGMT in Gliomas
Authors: Jalal Jalal Ali
Published: October 2020

Glioma is one of the main tumors of the central nervous system occurring in the spinal cord or brain, and is the origin of glioma tumors. The most common site of glioma is the brain. Glioma accounts for 30% of all central nervous system tumors and 80% of malignant brain tumors. O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene mutations have been identified in many human cancers including gliomas. This study aimed to evaluate the immune expression of MGMT in different gliomas and its relationship with different clinicopathological parameters. From January 2015 to January 2017, 97 cases of glioma were retrieved from the Rizgary Pathology Center in Erbil-Iraq. The tumors were typed and graded according to the 2007 World Health Organization Brain Tumor Classification. Immunohistochemical staining was done for MGMT using monoclonal Antibodies via the automated immunostainer technique. Positive MGMT immunoexpression was observed in 60 (61.9%) cases. Significantly high rates of MGMT immunoexpression were demonstrated among the 2 age groups: 45-54 years and 25-34 years (23.3% and 21.7% respectively). Most positive cases were observed among the supratentorial tumors (81.7%) and dominant grade IV gliomas (48.4%) with no significant association. Immunohistochemically, MGMT is frequently expressed in gliomas particularly in glioblastomas with bimodal age association.
Effects of latanoprost on the expression of TGF-Î²1 and Wnt / Î²-catenin signaling pathway in the choroid of form-deprivation myopia rats
Authors: Suo Nan-cuo , Lei Chun-ling , Zhang Yan-chun , Li Xin-zhang , Li Feng-zhi , Gong Ke
Published: October 2020

In this study, we investigated the effect of latanoprost on the expression of TGF- Î²1 and Wnt / Î² - Catenin signal pathway in the choroid of form-deprivation myopia model rats. Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the FDM model group. Each group had 20 rats. The FDM model group was established by feeding latanoprost daily for 28 days. 15 rats in each group were used to measure the length of the ocular axis and the level of TGF-Î²1 in choroidal tissue; the remaining 5 rats in each group were used for choroidal fibroblast culture. After modeling, the rats were killed, the length of the ocular axis was measured with a vernier caliper, and the level of TGF - Î²1 protein and mRNA in the choroidal tissue of each group were measured with RT-PCR method. Results showed that compared with the control group, there was a significant difference in the axial length of the FDM model group (P< 0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of TGF- Î²1 protein and mRNA between the two groups (P<0.05). The cultured cells were identified as choroidal fibroblasts by immunocytochemistry. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the comparison of GSK3 Î² protein in choroidal fibroblasts of rats in each group. TGF-Î² 1 and APC protein in FDM group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), while dcl3, p21-gsk3 Î² and Î² - Catenin proteins were significantly higher (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the ratio of various indexes protein in FDM + ddk1 group and the comparison of TGF - Î²1 and APC protein in FDM + ddk1 group and FDM group The expression of dcl3, p21-gsk3 Î² and Î² - Catenin decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of GSK3 Î² mRNA in the choroidal fibroblasts of each group (P>0.05). The expression of TGF - Î² 1 and APC mRNA in FDM group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), while the expression of dcl3, p21-gsk3 Î² and Î²-catenin mRNA in FDM + ddk1 group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) >In FDM + ddk1 group, TGF-Î² 1 and APC mRNA were significantly lower than those in FDM group (P<0.05), while dcl3, p21-gsk3 Î² and Î²-Catenin mRNA were significantly higher (P<0.05).
Significance changes in the levels of myocardial enzyme in the child patients with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia
Authors: Qi Xueliang , Sun Xiangguo , Li Xuemin , Kong Dejin , Zhao Luhua
Published: October 2020

Mycoplasma is a gram-negative with thin wall bacterium that in humans, Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes pneumonia. This experiment was designed to explore the changes of myocardial enzymes in the mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) child patients, and analyze the clinical value of these changes, in combination with the relevant indicators, symptoms and signs, in the evaluation of the pneumonia mycoplasma infection. For this aim, a total of 120 child patients with MPP in the acute phase,120 child patients with MPP in the recovery phase and 120 healthy children were simultaneously enrolled into this study to detect the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood. Results showed that MPP patients in the acute phase had higher levels of LDH, CK, CK-MB, AST, PCt, CRP, MPV, PDW, PCt, percentage of neutrophils, WBC count in the peripheral blood and ESR than those of the patients in the recovery patients and healthy children, while the level of PLT was lower (all P<0.05). In the acute phase, the level of CK-MB correlated to the fever, fever duration, extrapulmonary organ damage (except for the myocardial damage) and the antibody titer of MP (all P<0.05). It was concluded that in the acute phase of MMP, the level of CK-MB could not only reflect the myocardial damage readily but also the infection of MP as well as the resultant inflammation and disease progression, which could effectively guide the diagnosis and treatment of MPP.
Research on Moral Education Affinity from the Perspective of Psychology
Authors: Jing Zhang , Suting Li
Published: October 2020

Moral education affinity has a very important influence on the smoothdevelopment of moral education activities and the improvement of educationaleffectiveness. From the perspective of psychology, the needs and emotions ofthe educatees are its motivational mechanism, the will of the educatees is itsmaintenance mechanism, psychological compatibility is its guarantee mechanism,and the learning psychology of the educatees is the reinforcement mechanism.The generation of moral education affinity is the process of educators’ activeinterpersonal attraction, the application of positive psychological effect, the changeof educatees’ attitude, and the psychological exchange and interaction betweeneducators and educatees. The main way to cultivate moral education affinity isto fully pay attention to the needs or changes of the educatees, make efforts tostimulate and strengthen the learning motivation, maintain the main status androle of the educatees, and enhance the appeal and affinity of the educationalprocess through the unity of knowledge and action.
Constitutive LH receptor activity impairs NO-mediated penile smooth muscle relaxation
Authors: Hiremath Deepak S , Priviero Fernanda B M , Webb R Clinton , Ko CheMyong , Narayan Prema
Published: October 2020

Timely activation of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) is critical for fertility. Activating mutations in LHCGR cause familial male-limited precocious puberty (FMPP) due to premature synthesis of testosterone. A mouse model of FMPP (KiLHRD582G), expressing a constitutively activating mutation in LHCGR, was previously developed in our laboratory. KiLHRD582G mice became progressively infertile due to sexual dysfunction and exhibited smooth muscle loss and chondrocyte accumulation in the penis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that KiLHRD582G mice had erectile dysfunction due to impaired smooth muscle function. Apomorphine-induced erection studies determined that KiLHRD582G mice had erectile dysfunction. Penile smooth muscle and endothelial function were assessed using penile cavernosal strips. Penile endothelial cell content was not changed in KiLHRD582G mice. The maximal relaxation response to acetylcholine and the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, was significantly reduced in KiLHRD582G mice indicating an impairment in the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated signaling. Cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels were significantly reduced in KiLHRD582G mice in response to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, BAY 41-2272. Expression of NOS1, NOS3 and PKRG1 were unchanged. The Rho-kinase signaling pathway for smooth muscle contraction was not altered. Together, these data indicate that KiLHRD582G mice have erectile dysfunction due to impaired NO-mediated activation of soluble guanylate cyclase resulting in decreased levels of cGMP and penile smooth muscle relaxation. These studies in the KiLHRD582G mice demonstrate that activating mutations in the mouse LHCGR cause erectile dysfunction due to impairment of the NO-mediated signaling pathway in the penile smooth muscle.
Two new spotted Chiloschista species (Orchidaceae: Aeridinae) from Bhutan
Authors: Gyeltshen Nima , Gyeltshen Choki , Tobgay Kezang , Dalström Stig , Gurung Dhan Bdr. , Gyeltshen Ngawang , Ghalley Bhakta Bdr.
Published: October 2020

Two new spotted species of Chiloschista from Bhutan are described, illustrated, and compared with similar species. The second of the new species has been misidentified in previous publications as C. lunifera and C. parishii, and a comparison between the three is provided. It is also compared with C. glandulosa, which is a distinctly smaller-flowered species from the coastal area of southwestern India, and with C. javanica from Indonesia. The latter species and C. parishii are easily distinguished from both new species by having hairs on the backside and along the margins of the sepals and petals, as opposed to having virtually glabrous to indistinctly micro-pubescent sepals and petals for the new species. Although many spotted Chiloschista species are superficially similar, the differences can be better observed when studying the internal morphology of particularly the glandular callosity in the saccate lip. The morphological differences are often minute and difficult to describe in words, but are more easily recognized when compared with illustrations and photographs.

Key Words: Chiloschista glandulosa, C. javanica, C. lunifera, C. parishii, new Chiloschista
TEACHER’S OCCUPATION THROUGH THE PRISM OF LEGISLATION, THEORY AND OPERATION
Authors: Neminska Rumyana
Published: October 2020

Teacher’s occupation is a research challenge for each author. It is the most intensely changing, in its specificity and nuance profession. It is an occupation - a mirror of social development. That is why it is quite often the subject of research and diverse and mixed comments. This article is a reflection of the question from Prof. V. Gyurova’s article : Why is only pedagogical competence not enough for the 21st century teacher? It is an attempt to continue the discussion. The article raises questions about how, what and why. Regular, theoretical and operational structures related to teacher qualifications are considered. Modern pragmatic views on teacher training and their stimulation for the development of methodical competence as an operational structure of research skills are offered.
CREATING TESTS WITH GOOGLE FORMS
Authors: Kozhuharova Daniela
Published: October 2020

The article introduces Google Forms as a part of the G Suite for Education applications for
creating and administrating of tests. The article introduces the settings, with different the options for asking questions and providing various types of answers, inserting additional elements (text, video, images), sharing the form and collaborating with it, as well as evaluating and providing the tests’ results.
Conceptualizing risk and social innovation: An integrated framework for risk governance
Authors: Osborne Stephen P. , Flemig Sarah-Sophie
Published: October 2020

Public policy seeks innovation as a solution to society’s big problems, yet it almost always fails to address one key component of innovation: risk. Furthermore, risk management in public policy predominately focuses on the minimization or even avoidance of risk, no matter its nature. This article focuses on the nexus between risk and social innovation specifically in public policy. It acknowledges the special context of decision-making in public policy and proposes two differentiations that are necessary for a holistic model of risk management in public policy innovation: Firstly, the differentiation between cases of risk and uncertainty; and, secondly, between hard and soft risk management approaches. Concluding, the paper presents a framework that can inform public policy makers and practitioners alike regarding risk management and its effect on social innovation.
Analysis of the changes in the Hungarian tax system and social transfers between 2010 and 2014 using a behavioural microsimulation model
Authors: Baksay Gergely , Csomós Balázs
Published: October 2020

Using an updated microsimulation model developed earlier in the Hungarian National Bank, we estimate the macroeconomic, budgetary and labour market effects of government measures relating to taxes, social contributions, social transfers and gross wages since 2010. Compared to other studies, we take into account a more broad scope of measures, e.g. measures affecting gross wages and total labour cost directly. According to our estimations, the increase of the minimum wage and the so-called expected wage have fully compensated the low-income households of 2.3 million people already in the short-run for the loss of net income stemming from personal income tax and social contribution changes (especially for the abolition of tax credit).Taking into account social transfer reforms, the long-term macroeconomic effect of the measures is favourable: the level of employment may increase by approximately 2 percent, steady-state GDP level may go up by 1.5–2 and public deficit may decrease in the long run due to the government measures.
Is refined economic value added more associated with stock return than accounting measures? The Malaysian evidence
Authors: Nakhaei Habibollah , Hamid Nik Intan Norhan , Anuar Melati Ahmad , Nakhaei Karim
Published: October 2020

The paper tests the hypothesis on whether refined economic value added (REVA) is highly associated with stock return compared to traditional performance measures. The goal of the study is to provide empirical evidence on the relative and incremental information content of REVA and traditional performance measures, such as net income (NI), net operational profit after tax (NOPAT), and earning per share (EPS). The study involves 395 non-financial companies listed in Bursa Malaysia over the period of 2002–2011. Pearson correlation coefficient and panel data single and multiple regression models were employed to analyze the data. The empirical results indicate that the relative information content of the REVA was not greater than that of NI and NOPAT to explain stock returns. NI and NOPAT were highly correlated with stock return compared to REVA. Additionally, the incremental information content test indicated that REVA makes some additional contribution to information content beyond the NI, NOPAT, and EPS. Finally, the panel multiple regression models showed that there was a strong relationship between NI, NOPAT, and REVA with stock return, but there was no meaningful association between EPS and stock returns. Overall, the results do not support the hypothesis that REVA can be considered superior to traditional accounting measures in association with stock returns.
How do leadership styles influence the creativity of employees?
Authors: Derecskei Anita
Published: October 2020

The objective of organizational creativity is to identify those factors that could affect creativity. One of the most influential factors is the leadership style. Following the review of literatures, we investigated this phenomenon in the Hungarian labor market. We analyzed the answers of more than 600 Hungarian employees. We asked them to categorize their leader on the basis of which classic Lewin leadership style is most characteristic of him or her. After this, they needed to judge how the perceived leadership style would affect the two phases of their workplace creativity. Similarly to international results, democratic leadership style proved to be stimulating, while the authoritarian leadership style was inhibitory. It has also been proved that not only leadership style influences creativity, as the model of successful creative organization cannot be described with the behavior of the leader(s) only.
The internationalization motives of SMEs from the Czech Republic in the context of EU accession
Authors: Kubíčková Lea , Toulová Martina , Tuzová Marcela , Veselá Lucie
Published: October 2020

Foreign competition in domestic markets is still strengthening and for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) internationalization may be one way to deal with this growing rivalry. Pangarkar (2008) states that for SMEs the benefits of internationalization outweigh its disadvantages and that with the increasing degree of involvement in the internationalization process the performance of SMEs also improves. However, for SMEs from some sectors of our economy, involvement in internationalization is more complex than for large enterprises; moreover, they are often inclined to enter foreign markets due to different motives. The authors carried out several surveys among Czech SMEs during the last three years and found that SMEs from some sectors of the Czech economy mentioned the EU accession of the Czech Republic as their motive for internationalization. The aim of this paper is to find out whether EU membership represents the determining factor of the SMEs’ decision to get involved in internationalization, and what its advantages or disadvantages are as perceived by SMEs in connection with their international activities. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of primary data obtained from Czech SMEs through electronic questionnaire surveys.
Ethical certification in the Spanish agrifood industry: An alternative paradigm?
Authors: Nováková Kamila , López Raúl Compés , García Álvarez-Coque José María
Published: October 2020

The agrifood sector belongs to traditional industries often supported by the national governments. The quality of the output is directly related to human health and, therefore, several initiatives within the EU have been introduced. These initiatives support the consciousness of the broad public, including the individual agrifood businesses. Besides the marketing standards, geographical indications and organic farming, there are also national and private certification schemes. All these tendencies aim to promote the socio-ethical principles of the business to support the non-monetary issues related to the agrifood sector. This paper provides a closer exploration of the socio-ethical aspects of companies in the Spanish agrifood sector. Any awareness of these principles in the daily business routine can be considered as a potential competitive advantage for an individual company. The objective of the paper is to examine whether there are significant differences among individual sub-industries within the Spanish agrifood sector in terms of social and ethical aspects. A sample of 66,047 different agrifood companies in the year 2012 was examined. Results of empirical tests prove that there are significant differences between the agricultural producers, manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers.
Managing care for older adults with tuberculosis in Primary Care: an integrative review
Authors: Araújo Edna Marília Nóbrega Fonseca de , Freitas Sthephanie de Abreu , Henriques Amanda Haissa Barros , Nogueira Matheus Figueiredo , Nogueira Jordana Almeida , Barrêto Anne Jaquelyne Roque
Published: October 2020

Abstract Objective: to analyze the available knowledge on the management of care for older adults with tuberculosis in primary care. Method: an integrative literature review was performed in the following databases, based on articles from 2008 to 2017: the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS), International Health Sciences Literature (MEDLINE) and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINALH). The sample consisted of six scientific articles, considering the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection took place in June 2018, using an instrument with information relevant to the proposed objective. Results: the selected studies identified weaknesses and challenges in primary health care health services regarding professional skills and knowledge, the entry point to the diagnosis of tuberculosis, the link between professionals and patients, and the logistics of health services. Conclusion: a health policy that expands the response of the government and health professionals to the needs of older adults with tuberculosis is recommended, in line with the principles of the Brazilian National Health Service. This health policy would support improving the skills and knowledge of professionals at the entry point to the diagnosis of the disease and enhancing the link between professionals and patients, and the logistics of health services. Health technology could be used to accompany the nursing team in the management of care in geriatric and gerontological research and practice.
Crise econômica e a Covid-19: rebatimentos na vida (e morte) da classe trabalhadora brasileira
Authors: Granemann Sara
Published: October 2020

Resumo Nesta breve exposição, pretende-se discutir como a crise político-econômica conjugou-se, à perfeição, à pandemia, para construir soluções lucrativas aos grandes capitais. O texto apresenta, com base na análise de dados recentes, como o Estado brasileiro, no governo Bolsonaro, empenha-se em aprofundar o programa de ajuste, por meio de privatizações de estatais e de rebaixamento dos direitos e do valor da força de trabalho, como base de um programa político-econômico e fiscal. A Nota explora ainda a hipótese de que tal plataforma tem o potencial de assegurar o continuado apoio da grande burguesia ao governo de Bolsonaro e Guedes.
Augmentative and alternative communication with adults and elderly in the hospital environment: an integrative literature review
Authors: Carvalho Diego Nascimento de , Queiroz Ítala da Piedade , Araújo Brenda Carla Lima , Barbosa Sindy Lamônie do Espírito Santo , Carvalho Vanessa Cibelle Barboza de , Carvalho Susana de
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to carry out an integrative review about the augmentative and alternative communication strategies used with adults and the elderly in the hospital environment and their impact on communication. Methods: this research study used the integrative review methodology with descriptors in English and Portuguese: 'communication', 'hospitals', 'communication aids for the disabled', in the following databases: LILACS, PubMed, Cinahl, Cochrane Library, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science. Several articles in English and Portuguese, from the last 14 years, which addressed alternative communication strategies used with hospitalized adults and the elderly, were included. Studies on children, as well as duplicates, reviews, and those that addressed other methods of communication were excluded. Results: 13 articles characterized the alternative communication strategies used with adults and the elderly. There was a prevalence of intubated or tracheostomized patients, and health professionals, nurses being the ones with the highest citation, and researches on a qualitative approach. Six studies have used high and low technologies; however, most have shown a greater use of low-tech tools. Conclusion: a variety of high and low-tech strategies were identified, a reduction in communication difficulties being noted, as well as improvements in the quality of life and communication with professionals. The most used tool was the communication board, due to its hospitals' availability and its simple use. The evaluation and the effectiveness of communication tools in distinct clinical settings and profiles should be studied.
Study of the neural plasticity in adults and older adults new hearing aid users
Authors: Souza Gabriela Valiengo de , Matas Carla Gentile , Silva Liliane Aparecida Fagundes , Lobo Ivone Ferreira Neves , Samelli Alessandra Giannella
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to monitor, with long-latency auditory evoked potentials, the plasticity of the central auditory pathways in adults and older adults, new users of hearing aids. Methods: a total of 15 adults and older adults, aged 55 to 85 years, participated in the research. They had a symmetric bilateral mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss, without previous experience with any type of hearing aid. The long-latency auditory evoked potentials were conducted with and without amplification, at 60 and 75 dBnHL, with speech stimulus in a sound field, in two assessment moments: up to one week after fitting the hearing aid and after six months of its use. The Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis, considering significant the p-value < 0.05. Results: responses with lower latency values were observed for the right ear in the second assessment. Comparing the first with the second assessment, both with and without the hearing aid, an increase in the amplitude of P2-N2 was observed, as well as an increase in the latency of the P2 component at the intensity of 75 dBnHL. No statistically significant differences were observed at the intensity of 60 dBnHL. Conclusion:the use of the hearing aid promoted the plasticity of the central auditory pathways, increasing the number of neurons responsive to the sound stimuli.
Cryopreservation of Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers seeds
Authors: Salomão Antonieta Nassif , Santos Izulmé Rita Imaculada , José Solange Carvalho Barrios Roveri
Published: October 2020

Abstract Seeds of Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers) were desiccated at 25 °C on silica gel for 0 h (T0), 7 h (T1) and 24 h (T2), reaching moisture contents of 6.5%, 4.4% and 3.8%, respectively. Seeds were frozen rapidly in liquid nitrogen (+LN) at -263 °C.min.-1 and after 72 h, they were thawed slowly at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) at a speed of 5 °C.min.-1. Seed germinability evaluation before (-LN) and after freezing (+LN) was conducted at 25 °C, on paper roll substrate, and germinated at 16 hrs light/8 hrs dark, normal seedling counts for 38 days. The germinative percentages were 88% (T0-LN), 98% (T0+LN), 61% (T1-LN), 95% (T1+LN), 78% (T2-LN) and 89% (T2+LN). Mean days for seedling formation were 23 (T0-LN), 22 (T1-LN and T2-LN) and 30 days for seeds exposed to LN. Fast freezing, slow thawing, and the three tested moisture contents, were suitable for cryopreservation of Pyrostegia venusta seeds.
Regulação hídrica entre frutos e sementes de pau-brasil durante sua maturação
Authors: Borges Igor Ferrari , Figueiredo-Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Leone , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O pau-brasil, Paubrasilia echinata E.Gagnon, H.C.Lima & G.P.Lewis, é uma das mais importantes espécies vegetais do Brasil. Muitos fatores podem interferir na manutenção da viabilidade e na conservação das sementes, principalmente sua qualidade fisiológica inicial. Entre outros fatores, esta qualidade depende do grau de maturação, sendo importante identificar a maturidade fisiológica com vistas a determinar o melhor momento para a colheita das sementes. O presente trabalho descreve as modificações que ocorrem durante o processo de maturação das sementes de pau-brasil em três diferentes locais no Estado de São Paulo. Flores foram etiquetadas no dia de sua antese e os frutos foram colhidos diretamente dos ramos até os 65 dias após a antese (DAA). Os resultados sugerem que a maturidade fisiológica das sementes de pau-brasil ocorreu por volta de 60-65 DAA, imediatamente antes da deiscência da vagem, quando as sementes tinham 30-40% de água e quando há eficiente controle do fluxo de água entre sementes e frutos durante a maturação.
Etnobotânica na conservação de espécies com sementes sensíveis à dessecação: o exemplo da Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.
Authors: Lamarca Edmir Vicente , Oliveira Júnior Clóvis José Fernandes de , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Procurou-se apresentar a importância da utilização de estratégias produtivas e/ou econômicas nos programas de conservação da biodiversidade vegetal, especialmente quando a espécie produz sementes recalcitrantes. Foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico e utilizou-se Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. (grumixameira) como modelo por suas sementes sensíveis à dessecação. Analisaram-se aspectos etnobotânicos, importância alimentar e seus potenciais medicinais. A grumixameira vem sendo utilizada para fins alimentares e medicinais, sendo bastante adequada aos modelos sustentáveis de produção agrícola. Essa espécie apresenta excelentes características para o fortalecimento de sua cadeia produtiva, com potencial de rentabilidade no uso dos produtos naturais dela derivados. A adequabilidade de seu uso como modelo para consolidar a estratégia produtivo-econômica faz-se uma importante ferramenta para a preservação.
Muito além de um dente: ocorrência de hidatódios nos dentes foliares de Hydrocotyle asterias Cham. & Schltdl. (Araliaceae Juss.)
Authors: Rios Alex Batista Moreira , Dalvi Valdnéa Casagrande
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Embora Araliaceae possua muitas espécies contendo folhas com margens denteadas, a estrutura anatômica dessas projeções nunca foi investigada. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a anatomia dos dentes foliares de Hydrocotyle asterias Cham. & Schltdl., representante desta família. Fragmentos do limbo foliar com dentes marginais foram processados conforme técnicas usuais para microscopia óptica (diafanização, cortes paradérmicos e testes histoquímicos) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os dentes de H. asterias consistem em hidatódios, cujo tamanho, formato e espaço entre os dentes variam nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento da folha. Eles apresentam epiderme uniestratificada, composta por células isodiamétricas com paredes levemente espessadas, cutícula delgada e estômatos concentrados na região apical. A vascularização é composta por xilema que se projeta até o epitema. Este estudo apresenta as primeiras informações sobre a estrutura anatômica dos dentes foliares da família Araliaceae e amplia o conhecimento sobre os hidatódios localizados nos dentes foliares.
Samambaias e licófitas de um remanescente de floresta paludosa no interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Mazziero Frederico Fregolente Faracco , Galastri Natália Arias , Nonato Fabiana Regina
Published: October 2020

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi inventariar as samambaias e licófitas de um fragmento de floresta paludosa, no Município de Dois Córregos, São Paulo, Brasil, além de fornecer dados sobre as guildas de formas de vida, distribuição geográfica, chave para identificação e comentários dos táxons. Foram encontrados 54 táxons, incluindo 51 espécies, uma variedade, uma subespécie e um suposto híbrido. Os gêneros mais representativos foram Amauropelta, Meniscium e Pleopeltis. As espécies herbáceas terrícolas e neotropicais foram as mais representativas com 75,9% e 44,4%, respectivamente. As florestas paludosas também apresentam uma alta diversidade de espécies quando comparadas com a floresta estacional semidecidual do interior do Estado, provavelmente devido à disponibilidade de água durante todo o ano. Desta maneira, fica evidente a importância destes remanescentes na conservação das samambaias e licófitas no interior do Estado de São Paulo e, por isso, devem ser preservados.
Seed and fruit size affect soaking and physiological seed quality in Campomanesia adamantium?
Authors: Leão-Araújo Érica Fernandes , Souza Eli Regina Barboza de , Peixoto Nei , Santos Wilhan Valasco dos , Costa Lílian Lúcia , Gomes-Júnior Francisco Guilhien
Published: October 2020

Abstract: The size of fruits and seeds can affect the seed germination process and aspects related to the vigor of the seedlings formed. Our aim was to characterize fruit and seed biometrics, evaluate the effect of seed size on soaking and the effect of seed size and temperature on the germination and vigor of Campomanesia adamantium . The fruit was evaluated to determine longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, fresh mass and empty, full and total seed quantities. The seeds were sorted into small, medium and large classes and then measured for length, width, thickness and mass. Seeds from each class were submitted to the germination test at 25 and 30 °C. The germination and vigor (first count, germination speed index, mean germination time and seedling length) data were evaluated by analysis of variance and a means test. Seeds from each size class were weighed repeatedly during soaking. The soaking data were fit to logistic and Peleg models and best fit curves with confidence bands were constructed to compare the effect of seed size. Fruit morphology showed high intraspecific variability. Germination was not affected by seed size or test temperature. Large seeds yielded taller seedlings while the 25 °C germination temperature produced the highest seedling growth rate. The small and medium seeds showed all three phases of the soaking process. Finally, soaking was initially slower for the large seeds than for the small and medium seeds.
Rapid results of peach palm seed viability: a methodological proposition for the tetrazolium test
Authors: Belniaki Andreza Cerioni , Michelon Thomas Bruno , Vieira Elisa Serra Negra , Panobianco Maristela
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT: Prior to commercialization, seeds of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) have to undergo the germination test, whose well-established methodology takes 120 days. Due to their recalcitrant behavior, the seeds have short longevity when stored (around 30-45 days), which makes it challenging to select the most viable ones for marketing. This study aimed to determine a methodology for the tetrazolium test to be carried out in peach palm seeds, in order to fast deliver results that can be correlated to the germination test. Different forms of pre-conditioning, preparation, and staining were investigated via moisture content, germination, and tetrazolium tests, so as to define the vital parts of the seed and sort out the viability classes. For the seed lot under study, the tetrazolium test delivered results supported by the germination test when the following procedures were adopted: pre-conditioning by water submersion (20 °C for 24 h), longitudinal cut adjacent to the embryo, and half-seed immersion (embryo + endosperm) in a 1.0% tetrazolium solution for 4 h at 30 °C. Having fulfilled these criteria, it became possible to separate the peach palm seeds into two classes (viable or non-viable).
Seed Longevity of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong
Authors: Torres Maria Fernanda Oliveira , Ferreira Robério Anastácio , Prata Laura Catharine Dória , Silva-Mann Renata
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Seed storage under controlled temperature and humidity maintains the viability and the vigor of seeds for a long time while preserving their longevity. Ex situ conservation in a seed storage chamber is perfect for simulating the cool dry conditions that are associated with long-term seed storage. This helps to preserve the availability of seeds for the recovery of degraded areas and to ensure a supply of propagating material for various purposes in silvicultural production, or as raw materials for biotechnological use. The present work evaluated the physical and physiological quality of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seeds from an ex situ collection that was kept in a seed storage chamber at 6 °C ± 3 °C and with 60% ± 5% of RH in waterproof packaging. The water content, the physical quality by X-ray tests, germination, electrical conductivity, and the integrity and quality of RNA that was extracted from the embryonic axes were all determined. It was possible to identify full, damaged, malformed, translucent, and empty seeds. The seeds that had been stored for 1, 5, 9, and 10 years presented 78, 82, 42, and 38% of normal seedlings, respectively, while the lots of 6 and 7 years presented 0 and 6%. The seed storage conditions were the same for all of the lots. A water content higher than 6% influenced the quality of the seeds. The E. contortisiliquum seeds demonstrated high longevity. They could be stored for up to 10 years under controlled conditions.
Análise das medidas eletroglotográficas da voz: padrões de normalidade para cantores por meio do programa CSL da Kay Pentax®
Authors: Alves Ana Clara Sotero , Gama Ana Cristina Côrtes , Magalhães Max de Castro , Genilhú Patrícia de Freitas Lopes , Oliveira Rafaella Cristina
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as medidas de frequência fundamental, jitter eletroglotográfico, quociente de contato e periodicidade das ondas eletroglotográficas da voz de cantores em registro modal. Método: Estudo observacional de corte transversal que selecionou indivíduos de escolas de canto da região central do município de Belo Horizonte-MG. A amostra foi não probabilística, por conveniência, composta por 60 indivíduos cantores com faixa etária entre 18 e 55 anos, sendo 30 homens e 30 mulheres. Para a coleta do registro eletroglotográfico, foi utilizado o programa CSL da Kay Pentax™, model 6103, módulo Electroglottography. Os participantes foram posicionados sentados e, após a higienização da pele do pescoço com álcool 70 %, dois eletrodos foram colocados nas alas da cartilagem tireóidea no nível das pregas vocais. Posteriormente, os participantes foram orientados a emitir a vogal /a/ sustentada de forma habitual. Foram analisadas as medidas de frequência fundamental (f0), quociente de contato (QC), jitter eletroglotográfico e periodicidade da onda eletroglotográfica. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando o Minitab 17. Resultados: Os parâmetros analisados foram estatisticamente significantes. A frequência fundamental (f0) foi maior nas mulheres (226,91 Hz) quando comparada com a dos homens (166,54 Hz). As medidas de quociente de contato e de periodicidade também foram maiores nas mulheres (40,46 % e 15,51 %, respectivamente) se comparadas às dos homens (27,45 % e 7,82, respectivamente). O parâmetro de jitter foi maior nos homens, quando comparado ao das mulheres. Conclusão: Os valores de frequência fundamental (f0), quociente de contato (QC) e periodicidade da onda foram maiores nas mulheres. O valor de jitter foi maior nos homens.
Autopercepção de timidez e sua relação com aspectos da fala em público
Authors: Marinho Anna Carolina Ferreira , Medeiros Adriane Mesquita de , Pantuza Júlia Janssen , Teixeira Letícia Caldas
Published: October 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência da timidez em estudantes universitários e analisar dentre os fatores sociodemográficos e da comunicação em público, aqueles que mais se relacionam com sua presença. Método: estudo transversal analítico realizado com 1124 universitários com idade entre 17 e 63 anos. Utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas referentes às características sociodemográficas; frequência de participação em atividades de fala em público, autorrelato do medo de falar, autopercepção dos aspectos não verbais da comunicação oral: tom de voz, velocidade de fala, intensidade de voz, projeção vocal, contato visual com a plateia durante o discurso, uso das mãos nas apresentações em público; autoavaliação da fala em público (Escala para Auto Avaliação ao Falar em Público) e autopercepção da timidez (Escala Revisada de Timidez). A análise dos fatores associados à timidez com as demais variáveis foi realizada por meio do teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão logística uni e multivariada. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: a maioria da população universitária autorreferiu traços de timidez e medo de falar em público. Houve associação da timidez com a idade de 17 a 30 anos, medo de falar em público, pouca participação em atividades de fala em público, autopercepção negativa da fala e com aspectos não verbais da comunicação. Conclusão: A timidez é prevalente em estudantes universitários jovens, que participam de poucas atividades de fala em público, que apresentam medo de falar em público, autorrelatam falar em intensidade baixa e apresentam inabilidade de usar as mãos com naturalidade durante apresentações em público.
Avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde no município de São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Costa Mannasses Araujo , Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e , Branco Rosana Maria Paixão Castello , Castro Wilka Emanoely Cunha , Ramos Cauby Arthur Moreno
Published: October 2020

O estudo avaliou os atributos essenciais e derivados da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) na perspectiva dos usuários e profissionais de 35 Unidades de Saúde na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) de São José de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brasil. Os dados de 73 profissionais e 386 usuários foram coletados em entrevistas utilizando Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCATool). Para os profissionais, o resultado foi satisfatório no escore geral (7,54), escore essencial (7,28) e escore derivado (8,02), exceto no atributo acesso de primeiro contato. Os usuários avaliaram como insatisfatório todos os atributos. As divergências encontradas revelaram que as demandas da população não são atendidas nesse nível de atenção à saúde. Se a população não acessa os serviços, não se beneficia de nenhum dos outros atributos dessa modalidade de atenção.
Modèle épidémiologie stochastique dans un population structurée en âge
Authors: Yéo Yardjouma
Published: October 2020

Dans ce papier, on s'interesse à l'étude des modèles épidémiologique dans un population structurée en âge. Il s'agit  d'abord de construire un modèle épidémiologique structurée en age. Ce modèle étant déterministe, il n'est donc pas valable dans une population de petite taille. Cela va nous permet de construire sa version stochastique. Notre travail est ensuite de votre si cette version stochastique converge vers le modèle déterministe. Pour terminer, par la méhode des simulations on prouve ce même resutats.
ИДЕОЛОГИЯ ОБЩЕСТВА ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ СТРАТЕГИИ «МЯГКОЙ СИЛЫ»
Authors: Смирнов Василий Андреевич
Published: October 2020

Актуальность статьи обусловлена, с одной стороны, популярностью концепции «мягкой силы», а с другой – масштабной трансформацией общества традиционного типа в так называемое «общество потребления». Цель – анализ механизма ненасильственного управления (т. н. «мягкая сила») социумом на основе эксплуатации практик «общества потребления». Генезис и функционирование общества потребления – основные современные глобальные проблемы, привлекающие внимание исследователей из разных сфер научного знания. Современное общество потребления базируется на следующих столпах: экономическом (массовое потребление), социальном (урбанизация) и идеологическом (внедрение установки «казаться, а не быть» в массовое сознание). Есть все основания утверждать, что проблематике взаимосвязи общества потребления с его атрибутивными чертами и механизмами «мягкой силы» в отечественной и зарубежной науке не уделяется должного внимания. Данное исследование ставит перед собой именно такую цель – краткий анализ этих двух феноменов в обозначенном выше контексте. По мнению А. Грамши, удержание власти включает в себя не только принуждение, но и убеждение. Любое государство, независимо от того, какой класс в данный момент является доминирующим, опирается на два фундаментальных столпа – силу и согласие («мягкое насилие»). В содержательном плане стремление потреблять выступает главным мотивом жизни современного человека. Поэтому управление этими мотивами становится стержневым элементом стратегий властвования в современном обществе. В статье впервые предпринимается попытка охарактеризовать перспективы эволюции российского сегмента «общества потребления» через призму деградации трудовой этики в России.
1960’LI YILLARDA TÜRKİYE’DE İKTİDAR ve SİNEMA İLİŞKİLERİ
Authors: LÜLECİ Yalçın
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada 1960’lı yıllarda Türkiye’deki siyasal iktidar ile sinema arasındaki ilişkinin açıklanması amaçlanmıştır. 1960’lı yıllar siyasette olduğu gibi sinema alanında da bir dönüm noktasıdır. 27 Mayıs Askeri Darbesi ve sonrasında kabul edilen 1961 Anayasası, Türk siyasal hayatına olduğu gibi Türk sinemasına da önemli etkilerde bulunmuştur. Cumhuriyet döneminin ilk askeri darbesi olan 27 Mayıs, sivil siyaset üzerindeki askeri vesayet geleneğinin oluşmasına başlangıç teşkil etmesi bakımından Türk demokrasisi açısından olumsuz bir anlam ifade eder. Ancak bu darbe sonrasında hazırlanan 1961 Anayasası, 27 Mayıs’ın anti demokratik yapısına tezat olarak ve yürütmeyi kısıtlayıcı bazı özellikleri olmasına rağmen, siyaset tarihimizin görece en liberal anayasası olarak karşımıza çıkar. 61 Anayasası’nın özgürlükçü ilkeleri, o günlere kadar kendilerini ifade etmekte zorlanan Marksist, İslamcı ve Milliyetçi siyasal düşüncelere kendini gösterme imkânı tanır. Siyaset alanındaki bu filizlenme kültür-sanat alanında da kendini gösterir. Ancak bu özgürlük rüzgarından belki de en az nasiplenen sinema sanatı olmuştur; çünkü 1939 tarihli sansür nizamnamesi, önceki yıllardaki küçük değişikliklere rağmen hâlâ yürürlüktedir. Bu nizamnameye rağmen Türk sineması, ilk defa bu dönemde çeşitli siyasal ve sosyal problemleri eserlerine taşımış ve dünya ölçeğinde filmler üretmeye başlamıştır. Sinema alanında düzenlemeler yapılmasına dair çeşitli girişimler olmasına rağmen, bunlar başarılı olamamış, sinemacıları rahatlatan yaklaşımlar bireysel çabalardan öteye gidememiş, özellikle toplumsal sorunları dile getiren yönetmenler, sansürün baskısını üzerlerinde yoğun bir şekilde hissetmişlerdir. Disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımın benimsendiği bu çalışmada, ele alınan konu ve dönemin niteliği dolayısıyla tarihsel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu konuyla ilgili literatürün taranmasına ek olarak bazıları ilk defa burada yayınlanacak olan Film Kontrol Komisyonu raporlarına yer verilmiştir.
KORE SAVAŞI VE TÜRKİYE'NİN SAVAŞA KATILMA KARARININ TÜRK BASININA YANSIMASI ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ (HAZİRAN-AĞUSTOS 1950)
Authors: KAHRAMAN Nazan
Published: October 2020

Kore Savaşı, soğuk savaş döneminde dünya ölçeğinde yaşanan ilk sıcak çatışma ve Türkiye’nin sınırları dışında bir bölgeye asker gönderdiği ilk savaştır. Türkiye Kore Savaşı’nda Güney Kore yanında savaşmak üzere asker gönderme kararı ile NATO’ya kabulünü garanti altına alarak, SSCB karşıtlığı ve ABD yanlısı tavrını ortaya koymak istemiştir. Öte yandan iktidardaki Demokrat Parti hükümeti, savaşa katılma kararını TBMM’ye danışmadan almıştır. Yani böylesine önemli bir karar, çok kısa süre içinde ve sınırlı sayıdaki kişi tarafından alınmıştır. Dolayısıyla Kore Savaşı Türkiye için hem dış politika hem de iç politika açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kore Savaşı’nın ve Türkiye’nin savaşa katılma kararının ulusal basında yer alma biçiminin incelenmesidir. Çalışma Savaşın başladığı 25 Haziran 1950 ile Türkiye’nin asker gönderme kararını takip eden süreci kapsayacak şekilde 31 Ağustos 1950 arasına odaklanmıştır. Ulusal gazetelerden Akşam, Cumhuriyet, Hürriyet, Milliyet, Yeni İstanbul, Yeni Sabah ve Zafer çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda söz konusu gazetelerin manşet ve ilk sayfa haberleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmada nicel ve nitel göstergeler kullanılarak içerik analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmanın en önemli bulgularından birisi, basının manşet ve ilk sayfa haberlerinde Kore Savaşı’na ve Türkiye’nin savaşa katılma kararına önemli ölçüde yer verilmiş olmasıdır. Gazetelerin toplam 602 ilk sayfa haberi ve 246 manşet haberinin konusu Kore Savaşı ile ilgilidir. Bir diğer önemli sonuç, Türkiye’nin Kore Savaşı’na katılma kararı vermesiyle birlikte savaşa ilişkin haberlerin gazetelerin ilk sayfalarında daha fazla yer aldığıdır. Çünkü araştırma kapsamında tespit edilen haberlerin %32,5’i Türkiye’nin savaş kararından öncesine, %67,5’i de sonrasına aittir.