bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) risk assessment on routine hemodialysis patient using Padua prediction score
Authors: Tjan Benny , Erawan I Gusti Ngurah Agung Tresna , Kandarini Yenny
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hemodialysis requires invasive vascular access (VA) procedure which could emerge deep venous thrombosis (DVT) complication. Apart from VA, other risk factors, either modifiable or unmodifiable, could increase DVT risk. Those factors can be assessed by Padua Prediction Score (PPS). This study aims to assess which risk factors in PPS increase the risk of developing DVT in routine hemodialysis patients at BHCC main clinic.
Methods: This research is a descriptive observational study with simple random sampling. The participants were 58 routine hemodialysis patients in BHCC. The inclusion criteria of this study were the ages above 17 years old, had history hemodialysis more than one, the patient willing to become of the sample subject. The patient that incompletely fulfills the questionnaire were already treated with anticoagulation were admitted for VTE, and had a history of discontinuing hemodialysis were excluded. The data were gathered using a questionnaire according to PPS. The data was analyzed by using SPP 25.0. The descriptive data was provided in a table and pie chart.
Results: Based on the results of the PPS, 11 patients (18.96%) were among the high risk, and 47 patients (81.04%) were at low risk. The most potent risk factor in increasing the risk of DVT is reduced mobility with a risk priority number (RPN) of 30 (severity=3, occurrence=10). Recent (≤one month) trauma and surgery entail on second with an RPN of 24 (severity=2, occurrence=12). The third is occupied by heart and/or respiratory failure with a RPN of 14 (severity=1, occurrence=14). Previous VTE history with a RPN of 12 (severity=3, occurrence=4) placed fourth, followed by age≥ 70 (RPN=8, severity=1, occurrence=8) and obesity (BMI>= 30) with a RPN of 4 (severity=1, occurrence=4) at fifth and sixth respectively.
Conclusion: "Reduced mobility" is the most prominent risk factor to increase DVT risk in routine hemodialysis patients, followed by other risk factors. Reduced mobility and obesity are modifiable risk factors that should be eliminated by educating routine hemodialysis patients.
A three years’ experience of Arteriovenous Fistula (AVF) cases in a tertiary care hospital of East Java, Indonesia: a descriptive observational study
Authors: Ledyastatin Rafaela Andira , Prasetyo Caesario Tri , Tampubolon Gold Sunday Palm , Jiwangga Dhihintia
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally is 700 million people approximately. Patients with ESRD need vascular access for hemodialysis as renal replacement therapy (RRT). Among hemodialysis access, arteriovenous fistula is considered as the most preferred form of vascular access due to its characteristics. This study aimed to to present a descriptive characteristic of arteriovenous fistula creation cases in a tertiary care hospital with a specific view of demographic parameters, fistulas' sites, type of fistulas.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive study of single-center in the Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery of Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital Surabaya, collected data from January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2020. All patients who undergo arteriovenous fistula creation considered as a subject in this study. We retrieved the characteristics of the patients, the type of fistula, the site, surgical technique, and underlying disease from patients’ electronic medical data records.
Results: A total of 167 patients requiring long-term hemodialysis in our center. Females were dominantly in our study with 56.9% (95). Most of AVFs were created on the left arm. Radiocephalic type of AVF was the most common arteriovenous fistula type found in 111 subjects (66.5%). The highest postoperative successful rate was found in brachiocephalic type in 78.8%, followed by radiocephalic AVF type with 66.7%. The wrist region was favorable in subjects (43.1%).
Conclusions: Arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis are needed and in our center. Radiocephalic AVFs are the most common type. Further study to learn the different aspects of arteriovenous fistula cases is needed to fulfill queries in the local population.
UNCONSTITUTIONALITY OF CONSTITUTIONAL SHARIA AND CADI COURTS IN NIGERIA AND THE GAMBIA: DISCRIMINATORY TOOLS IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION
Authors: Akpore Glorıa
Published: January 2022

The dichotomy of justiciability and non-justiciability of Preamble of a Constitution is resolved in Carl Schmitt’s constitutional theory of absolute, relative and positive concepts of Constitution. These concepts established the constitutional theory: constitutional laws are valid first on the basis of the constitution and presuppose a constitution. This research synthesised the theory to realise the twin factors for validity of constitutional laws (constitutional provisions): peoples’ participation and the Preamble – fundamental political decisions of the people. In addition, the juxtaposition of the twin factors vis-à-vis the constitutional provisions of Sharia and Cadi Courts in Nigeria and The Gambia revealed the following findings, that – constitutional provisions of Nigeria Sharia Courts of Appeal lack validity; The Gambia 1996 referendum exercised for Cadi Court establishment was in futility; constitutional provisions on expansion of Cadi Court’s jurisdiction and establishment of Cadi Appeals Panel in 2001 lack validity; Nigeria is a secular state by virtue of her Preamble while The Gambia is a secular state on the basis of the constitutional theory; and, all legal practitioners in Nigeria and The Gambia are not equal before constitutional laws for qualifications for employment as Qadi or Cadi and Grand Qadi in the Sharia and Cadi Courts of both jurisdictions.
Análisis de la influencia filosófica hermética en La Gitanilla de Cervantes
Authors: Gladyševa Alisa
Published: January 2022

Esta investigación está dedicada a la influencia filosófica hermética de la obra La gitanilla de Cervantes. Debido a muchos tipos diferentes de alegorías literarias que existen en los manuscritos del Siglo de Oro, este trabajo se centra en las alegorías intertextuales de la interpretación hermética a nivel de alegorías con juegos de palabras que están saturados en las obras de Cervantes. Además, este trabajo se centra en la falta de comprensión del contexto intertextual de filosofía hermética lo que lleva al problema de la determinación y, por lo tanto, a ignorarlas en las obras de Cervantes y especialmente en la obra La gitanilla.
Naturaleza del deseo intelectivo en Aristóteles
Authors: Bosch Rabell Magdalena
Published: January 2022

Este artículo analiza y reivindica el concepto de deseo intelectivo en Aristóteles. Este es un concepto que acoge las formas de deseo vinculadas a la razón y por ello pertenecientes al alma teórica (theoretike psyqué). Es un tema llamativamente descuidado desde que Kant determina la legitimidad exclusiva de la razón en la moralidad. En época poskantiana resulta realmente difícil reconocer el protagonismo originario del deseo en la obra Aristotélica, pues por la tradición kantiana en que estamos inmersos, nuestra lectura a lo largo del siglo XX se centró en la razón y en sus imperativos. La Ética Nicomáquea permite una nueva comprensión del deseo intelectivo si se reconoce su prioridad. Una ética eudemonista es, necesariamente, una ética del deseo; y la felicidad es su plenitud. Para llevar a cabo este análisis tratamos en, primer lugar, la discusión existente sobre el intelectualismo aristotélico. A continuación, se exponen elementos que muestran la importancia del deseo en la Ética Aristotélica. En la tercera sección se argumenta cómo se ha asumido generalmente un falso conflicto entre razón y deseo. En la siguiente, se analiza la relación de boulesis y orexis y al final se ponen en relación ambas con la proareis señalando que también es un modo de deseo.
Vida, palabra y técnica en la enseñanza de la filosofía
Authors: Miró i Comas Abel
Published: January 2022

La clase de filosofía, desde la perspectiva del docente, no debe considerarse como una mera actividad transeúnte o predicamental. El presente estudio quiere examinarla, siguiendo la metafísica de la vida de Tomás de Aquino, como una obra vital, que requiere, por un lado, que el profesor se haga una sola cosa —una  sola vida, podemos decir— con la doctrina que va a explicar y, por el otro, que esta intelección actual, sin movimiento alguno, dé lugar a la «concepción» y al «parto» de lo entendido en una palabra del corazón, la cual, por su dinamismo intrínseco, tiende, a su vez, a manifestarse exteriormente en una palabra sonora, en un «verbum vocis». Esta exteriorización, por la cual aquella íntima operación que constituye la vida del que filosofa se corporeiza en forma de «diálogo», es, precisamente, la clase de filosofía. La técnica pedagógica debe tener en cuenta el orden intrínseco por el cual la vida humana, mediante la formación de una palabra del corazón, procede a su propia perfección, y no debe olvidar que el perfeccionamiento vital del profesor es causa (instrumental) del perfeccionamiento vital del alumno; es decir, quien no «produce», quien no «engendra», quien no «crea» interiormente lo que está explicando —independientemente de si se trata o no de una novedad—  difícilmente ofrecerá unos medios adecuados para que el alumno conciba y dé a luz, en la intimidad de su mente, a un «verbum cordis».
Leyendo a Platón: entre comedia y tragedia en el Cratylus
Authors: Manuel López Juan
Published: January 2022

Este artículo es una discusión con el concepto platónico de diálogo entendido como comedia, Plato’s Cratylus: The Comedy of Language (Ewegen, 2014. No hay traducción al español) fue usado como el recurso central de este artículo, el cual provee la base para diferentes interpretaciones en América Latina como las que defiende la profesora Buarque (2011) en nuestra región y, de manera mucho más general Gregorio Lury et al. (2018) en Ibero America. Sumado a ello, a diferencia del trabajo mencionado, este trabajo lleva a cabo una comparación con la obra de Platón usando una metodología de carácter hermenéutico basado en los escritos de Platón y sus múltiples referencias a la risa a través de su reflexión escrita; se toma como punto de referencia la consigna hermenéutica de tomar la clara interpretación como un todo. El presente trabajo tiende entonces, a diferencia de la propuesta de Ewegen, a establecer el esfuerzo platónico mucho más próximo a a la tragedia que a la comedia como género de interpretación. Aunque existan secciones referidas enteramente a asuntos graciosos en los cuales el humor se aprecia, esta no puede ser la clave para la interpretación platónica como lo sostiene el enfoque de Ewegen. La forma del diálogo platónico debe ser entendida en un proyecto educativo, es decir de transformación.
La antropología como disciplina científica, dimensión biológica y cultural en la naturaleza humana
Authors: Aparicio Gómez William Oswaldo
Published: January 2022

El campo de intereses de la Antropología es basto. Cubre todas las épocas, todos los espacios, incorporando en las últimas décadas estudios en sociedades complejas, antropología política, económica, estudios de parentesco, etc. Cubre tanto la dimensión biológica -estudio de hominización, clasificación de las variedades raciales- como la dimensión cultural. Pretende explicar tanto las diferencias como las semejanzas entre los distintos grupos humanos. Pretende dar, también, razón tanto de la continuidad como del cambio de las sociedades. Algunos quieren ver las variaciones de las sociedades y las culturas como una evolución semejante a la de las especies. Cuando la biología pretende responder todas las preguntas que el hombre se formula desde una teoría general de los viviente se transforma en una ciencia universal, proponiendo que los comportamientos de los social pasen a lo biológico, algo que hay que criticar.
De la filosofía moral popular a la metafísica de las costumbres
Authors: Fajardo Fajardo Ana María
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo hace a una reflexión sobre Kant y su énfasis en el apriorismo moral, sobre todo en cuanto se refiere al concepto de deber en la pura razón. Dicho concepto juega un papel fundamental como criterio de valor de la acción moral; una acción es moral en tanto sea hecha por deber y nada más que por deber. ¿Qué es el deber y dónde se fundamenta?, es de lo que se va a tratar el presente texto; igualmente nos vamos a encontrar con el análisis y las características del imperativo categórico, junto con otras ideas morales, abordadas, eso sí, desde la perspectiva del apriorismo.
Editorial Vol. 2 Núm. 1
Authors: Aparicio Gómez Oscar Yecid
Published: January 2022

.
Endometriosis’s impact on reproductive structures and its treatment
Authors: Gagour Jamila , ELMOUMOU Lahcen
Published: January 2022

Endometriosis is a painful, chronic disease affecting approximately 10% of all women at reproductive age, and from the most common locations where endometriosis is found: the ovary, fallopian tubes, and uterine ligaments, and, less commonly they are found in the lung, the bladder, rectum, and intestines. It is known that endometriosis, in the reproductive organs, causes pelvic pain before or during menstruation, difficulty in pregnancy or infertility, for reasons that are not entirely clear, but some theories have tried to explain this phenomenon and confirmed that it may be a result of a defect in the immune and hormonal system in addition to some factors that affect egg’s quality and the movement of the gametes and therefore reproduction function.  Treatment options now focus on pain management and attempting to limit the progression of implants, using a range of hormonal medications such as anti-progesterone, progestin, oral contraceptives, and GnRH, also including surgical procedures such as endometriosis and adhesion tissue. In this review, weshed light on the damage and issues that women may face due to this disease. We  discuss some alternative solutions used by specialists for patient susceptibility.
Mulheres como chefes de família: retratos da Paraíba, do Nordeste e do Brasil
Authors: Fontgalland Isabel Lausanne
Published: January 2022

Um livro é sempre um trabalho solitário e penoso. Cada crítica, cada troca de parágrafos nos faz pensar que é um recomeço sem fim. Pensando como economista, neste momento, percebi que a busca de provas materiais para consolidar minha fala são firmadas nos meus argumentos que por sua vez, são resultantes do meu “eu sozinho” tentando se referenciar. A maximização desse esforço, valeu a pena, pois encontrei o ponto de equilíbrio com essa finalização. Cheguei à conclusão que os ganhos de eficiência não são só meus, mas de todo um grupo o qual faço parte: família, amigos, colegas de trabalho, alunos, instituições e agências de fomento. Obrigada a todos! Essa caminhada acadêmica tão espinhosa chegou ao fim. Quero agradecer ao meu marido Glauco, 23 anos de amor, paixão e cumplicidade, por ainda dizer que sou linda mesmo quando estou tão feia para mim mesma...e me escutar nas madrugadas quando quero falar sobre economia. Quero agradecer aos meus filhos: Glauquinho (18) Gilles (14) e Lia (3) por me abençoarem com suas presenças. Por dizerem que precisam tanto de mim, mas acreditem, não mais do que eu preciso de vocês infinitamente. Ao LAPEA – sonho e realidade ... tudo de bom que já vivi na UFCG... esse sonho do impossível que aconteceu ... sobrevivendo aos mais difíceis momentos de minha vida...em que pensei que não seria mais possível ouvir ou dizer. À UFCG por possibilitar viver academicamente e ter meus alunos. À EDUFCG, nas pessoas de Elder, Yasmine (melhor designer gráfica do mundo) e Viviana. Ao CNPq, pelo industrialismo em alimentar editais sobre as mulheres ...nunca é demais...
Biopolitics of COVID-19: Capitalist Continuities and Democratic Openings
Authors: Schubert Karsten
Published: January 2022

"Biopolitics" has become a popular concept for interpreting the COVID-19 pandemic, yet the term is often used vaguely, as a buzzword, and therefore loses its specificity and relevance. This article systematically explains what the biopolitical lens offers for analyzing and normatively criticizing the politics of the coronavirus. I argue that biopolitics are politics of differentiated vulnerability that are intrinsic to capitalist modernity. The situation resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic is, therefore, less of a state of exception than it might appear; COVID-19 is a continuation and intensification of the capitalist biopolitics of differentiated vulnerability. In order to critically evaluate this situation, the article proposes the concept of "democratic biopolitics" and shows how it can be used, among others, for a queer critique of the differentiated vulnerabilities that are produced by the coronavirus and its capitalist governance. In contrast to widespread interpretations of democratic biopolitics that focus on collective care in communities, this article highlights the role of the state and of the redistribution of political power and economic resources as key for biopolitical democratization.
Association between Theory of Mind and Peer Problems
Authors: Abdullah Maham , Rehman Sadaf , Nawaz Dr Sumbal , Asad Dr Shamaila , Khalid Samia
Published: January 2022

The current study was designed to investigate the relationship between theory of mind (ToM) development and peer problems in Pakistani children (N=80). The non-probability purposive sampling technique with survey research design had been used for data collection. Pakistani children with age ranged 4-6 years (Mage = 5.29) were recruited who?took two false belief tasks.?To tap into peer relationship of these children, their parents completed?strength and difficulty?questionnaire. For demographic variables, descriptive statistics was used. Pearson product correlation and linear regression were used to test the hypothesis. Results revealed that performance of 6 years 6 months and older was above chance on all false belief tasks, supporting the universality of ToM development with different age ranges in different cultures. Also, theory of mind negatively predicted peer relationship?problems?of this sample, revealing real life implication of mentalizing for interaction in social world. Research indicated that false belief comprehension is key to better social adjustment and the participants of this study also showed that a child's understanding of mental state terms is critical for better social adaptation.
The blue between: children’s writing in the margins
Authors: Carthew Mark
Published: January 2022

Author and anthologist Herb Boyd’s recollection of Richard Wright’s tongue in cheek, ‘All you need to compile an anthology is a pair of scissors and a pot of glue’ (Boyd 2003: 50), hints more than a little wryly at the trials and tribulations of anthologists’ struggle for recognition. It is also a struggle for affirmation that I have experienced in my own journey as children’s author, editor and anthologist and member of the broader children’s writing community - a struggle that gnaws at the creative heart of many involved in children’s writing and book creation, precipitating artistic and creative tension for children’s writing, picture books and anthologies as niche genres. In this paper I contend that writing courses within the Australian and globalised higher education sector, along with governments and funding bodies have a responsibility to the broader community to more actively recognise and support creators of children’s books as these books contribute to our literary lore.
Aspects of frailty syndrome, nutritional status and comorbidities in the elderly
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Lupascu-Volentir Felicia , Soric Gabriela ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Popescu Ana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Negara Anatolie ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

Background: Frailty syndrome is one of the most important multifactorial medical syndromes, which is characterized by a decrease in functionality of many systems and organs. Material and methods: In order to establish the nutritional determinants that contribute to the onset of frailty syndrome, a study was performed on a group of 50 patients, aged ≥65 years with chronic pathologies and geriatric syndromes. All participants were examined according to clinical features (history, clinical examination), Mini Nutritional Assessment and of the Complex Geriatric Assessment, which included: the data of the frailty tools, age category, Vulnerable Elders Survey, Charlson Comorbidity Index, autonomy – Activity Daily Living, Instrumental Activity Daily Living, Tinetti scale, psychoaffective status – by memory test Mini-Mental State Examination and the Geriatric Scale of Depression in the context of nutrition in the elderly. A clustered analysis (k-means method) of nutritional status showed that the most relevant indicators that separated the clusters were: age category, gender, clinical scale of frailty, comorbidities and polymedication. Results: Frailty through the multidimensional aspects that it meets has an increased prevalence among the elderly with an unfavorable prognosis. Following the proposed study, it was revealed that insufficient nutrition and comorbidities can lead to the weakening of the institutionalized age. The results obtained by evaluating the bio-psycho-social aspects characterize the profile of the institutionalized elderly and can be used as a basis for the development of effective strategies aimed at reducing physical, cognitive and social frailty. Conclusions: The comparative evaluation between both groups of elderly people by gender, showed a normal nutritional status with a higher share in women in the group of 75-84 years, compared to older men, and malnutrition was practically manifested equally in both groups in the study (men/women)
In vivo experimental study of the arterial supply of the rabbit posterior limb
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Pavlovschi Elena , Stoian Alina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Verega Grigore ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Nacu Viorel ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

Background: The use of bone graft has been a successful step in the treatment of a large number of diseases of the osteoarticular system. But a massive bone defect remains a dilemma for modern reconstructive surgery. Present methods used have a high level of morbidity and complication. Literature indicates the absence of an optimal solution in massive bone defects healing. The aim of this study: to perform an in vivo preliminary study of vascularization of the hind limb in the rabbit model, for obtaining a graft able for further inclusion in the host blood circulation, without immunosuppression by decellularization. Material and methods: The study was performed on the 12 laboratory rabbits. After euthanasia of the rabbit, the femoral and tibiofibular bone was collected without soft tissue, only with the vascular pedicle, and keeping the passage through the vessels. In the abdominal aorta was injected contrast material, with the subsequent preparation of the arterial vessels, succeeded by anatomical, morphological, radiography, and microangiography study of this vascularized bone segment. Results: The principal nutrient artery of the rabbit femur springs from the lateral circumflex femoral artery. The optimal segment for vascularized allografting (the rabbit model) was determined the upper third of the femur with the up to the level of the internal iliac artery. So, it could be used as a bone graft for further conservation and decellularization. Conclusions: The vascularized allogeneic bone without immunosuppression would be a perfect alternative in the treatment of the massive bone defects.
Could human amniotic membrane be a source for acupoint thread embedding therapy?
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Ignatov Olga , Melnic Adrian ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Procopciuc Vitalie ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Mihaluta Viorica ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Pascal Oleg ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Nacu Viorel ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

Background: Peripheral neuropathy usually leads to a major cause of motor disability, but the functional restoration after treatment continues to show modest results. Acupoint thread-embedding therapy is a subtype of acupuncture treatment in which biodegradable threads are inserted into skin, subcutaneous tissue or muscles at specific points for long stimulation. Different biodegradable materials have been developed and widely used. Human amniotic membrane is rich in collagen, extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors. The avascular, low immunogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-fibrotic and non-tumorigenic properties of amniotic membrane make it valuable in medical applications and its use has no ethical problems. Elasticity, stiffness and other biomechanical properties also make it possible to use the amniotic membrane for various medical purposes. AM is almost always considered as discarded substance, it satisfies most of the criteria of an ideal biological tissue and shows almost zero rejection phenomenon. Conclusions: The human amniotic membrane, the cellular compounds and extracellular matrix have a lot of benefic proprieties that are or could be used in treatment of many human diseases. Its biological and biomechanical properties are promising in the manufacture and use of filaments in acupoint thread embedding therapy.
Sevoflurane anesthesia: impact on postoperative cognitive dysfunction
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Replublic of Moldova, Rusu Victoria
Published: January 2022

Background: Sevoflurane is the inhalational anesthetic agent that is used widely in operating room. It is currently the most commonly used inhalation anesthetic in operating rooms. A series of studies on animal and human model detected the association of intraoperative use of sevoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) manifestation. On the other hand other studies demonstrate the same POCD associated with intravenous agents. Relevant multicentric trials got the reasons to suspect other key factors in developing postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Conclusions: The intra-anesthetic use of sevoflurane has been associated for a long time with the higher incidence of POCD. The mechanism was not identified, and the theory of neuroinflammation remained the main key of pathophysiological reaction that leads to cognitive dysfunction. Recent multicentre trial gives reliable information that the use of intravenous anesthetic agents is associated with the same POCD. Neuroinflammation remains to be the mediator of cognitive disorders, and apparently IL-6 keeps a major role in them. Future studies are needed to be conducted to identify the role of anesthetic agents in determining the neuroinflammation.
Explorando las salidas alternativas a la prisión en clave feminista
Authors: Volodar Nadia Andrea
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como fin analizar la complejidad de la situación de las mujeres y las disidencias sexuales cuando son denunciantes de las violencias de género en el proceso penal, en el marco del actual crecimiento de las investigaciones de estos casos en la Argentina y en toda la región latinoamericana.

El objetivo principal es hacer un aporte sobre cuáles son algunas de las múltiples aristas a considerar con respecto a la aplicación de los institutos de medidas alternativas de resolución de conflictos para lograr minimizar el avance del poder punitivo. En esta línea, nos focalizamos en estudiar las posibilidades de aplicarlas y en cuáles son, actualmente (y cómo debieran ser), las respuestas de la administración de justicia en la Argentina, a la luz del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos y los lineamientos de los poderes de gobierno argentinos, en especial a través del fallo Góngora y las modificaciones a la legislación penal de los últimos años.

A su vez, abordaremos los posicionamientos de los feminismos jurídicos desde referentes ineludibles que aportarán sus reflexiones en el gran debate sobre esta materia entre los feminismos garantistas –los cuáles propenden a explorar estos institutos, respetando la multiplicidad de los casos– y aquellos feminismos que se oponen a su aplicación casi indefectiblemente, por considerar que se afectan los derechos de la persona damnificada.

Palabras claves: derecho penal, feminismos, violencia de género, poder punitivo, antipunitivismo.
Minha carne não me define:
Authors: Do Carmo Nádia Amaro , Rodrigues Ozaias da Silva
Published: January 2022

O artigo realiza uma discussão a respeito da hipersexualização da mulher negra brasileira. Esta pesquisa objetiva uma reflexão sobre as construções históricas do papel de mulheres negras no Brasil, consideradas como mero objeto sexual, negando a ocupação de outros lugares na sociedade que não aqueles vinculados ao exercício da sexualidade ou do trabalho compulsório. Além deste lugar naturalizado, as estatísticas apresentam situações que se perpetuam quando estas assumem outros espaços sociais, como a condição salarial, por exemplo, abaixo da que a mulher branca recebe e, que também é inferior à recebida por homens. Sua cor aponta o lugar social, mas também justifica uma sexualidade para atendimento das necessidades do outro. Os vieses produzidos pela ciência confirmam também este lugar que vem sendo desconstruído a partir de outros olhares, repensados pelos movimentos sociais e uma ciência que considera as diferentes formas de expressão da vida humana. Assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho é analisar os processos de hipersexualização e resistência da mulher negra no Brasil. Para atingir este objetivo, optou-se pela investigação de caráter bibliográfico, por se adequar ao contexto de produção destas reflexões, para melhor compreensão do tema a ser estudado. Conclui-se destacando o papel do movimento de mulheres e, posteriormente, de mulheres negras, no enfrentamento a situações de naturalização do comportamento da mulher negra e seu lugar social, a partir de compreensão equivocada de sua sexualidade a serviço do outro. E ainda, da necessária articulação e ressignificação de valores, a partir de narrativas construídas a partir de seu lugar social, como mulheres que fizeram e continuam fazendo sua própria história.

Palavras-chave: Hipersexualização. Mulher negra. Resistência. História. Brasil.
Movimentos Negros no Ceará:
Authors: Felix Bezerra Maria Raiane , Nunes Cícera
Published: January 2022

Este artigo objetiva trazer a trajetória e consolidação do Movimento Negro cearense por intermédio do protagonismo das mulheres negras, descentralizando para a região do Cariri, Ceará, lugar onde a atuação e liderança feminina do Grupo de Valorização Negra do Cariri se faz necessária para a reconfiguração da identidade negra afro-cearense. O referido grupo é uma entidade sem fins lucrativos, fundado em 2001, que, desde sua fundação, faz o enfrentamento em prol de políticas públicas para a população negra caririense através da articulação cotidiana das mulheres negras que lideram o grupo. Para a realização deste escrito, foram utilizados como referências e orientações teóricas: Almeida (2018), Domingues (2007), Gonzalez (2018), Nascimento, A. (1978), Nascimento, J. (2012), Ratts (1991), Soares (2016), Sousa (2006) e Valério (2014), que, com olhares sensíveis, debruçaram-se sobre os Movimentos Negros brasileiros e afro-cearenses como conceitos importantes que precisam ser compreendidos. Neste estudo, foi possível o aprofundamento teórico-prático das demandas e mobilizações contemporâneas do Movimento Negro no Ceará, sobretudo no Cariri cearense, por auxílio e orientação das mulheres negras.
Modos de segurança:
Authors: Barbosa Liciane , Tavares-dos-Santos José Vicente
Published: January 2022

Este artigo pretende discutir o modo de segurança no Brasil atual, avaliando, em particular, como são construídas as narrativas nos discursos jurídicos e do Ministério Público relacionados à Lei de Drogas, nos casos de desclassificação do crime de tráfico de entorpecentes para posse. A discussão principal norteadora do trabalho foi o embate entre o art. 33 (tráfico) e o art. 28 (uso) da lei 11.343/06, a Lei de Drogas, já que o texto da lei não estabelece critérios objetivos para a aplicação, deixando a decisão a cargo do juiz de direito após acusação do Ministério Público. O referencial empírico é o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, no período de 2006 e 2016ª. hipótese afirma que o processo de construção da narrativa jurídica ao decidir sobre a desclassificação (ou não) do crime de tráfico para o de posse de entorpecente para uso pessoal orienta-se por uma cultura punitivista que compreende serem as penas privativas de liberdade capazes de cumprirem as funções de prevenção e ressocialização prometidas pelo Direito Penal, sendo assim, percebidas enquanto medidas eficazes para resolução dos problemas sociais como a criminalidade e a violência.
Entre a divisão sexual e a divisão racial do trabalho:
Authors: Guimarães do Nascimento Tamires , Gonçalves Renata
Published: January 2022

Este artigo procura examinar a precarização das relações de trabalho das mulheres negras, tomando como fundamentação duas divisões sociais do trabalho: a sexual e a racial. Ambas as divisões sociais do trabalho possibilitam que a sociedade capitalista se reproduza precarizando cada vez mais parcela considerável de trabalhadoras/es, em especial as mulheres negras. A análise aqui proposta, ao contrário das teses que anunciam o fim do trabalho, considera que esta categoria é central não apenas para apreender a historicidade da relação homem-natureza, mas também para compreender a consolidação da exploração das/os trabalhadoras/es no capitalismo contemporâneo.
Headaches in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: preliminary results of a national survey
Authors:   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova, Grosu Oxana , Odobescu Stela ,   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova, Rotaru Lilia ,   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova, Corcea Galina ,   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova, Nacu Gabriela ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ, Moldovanu Ion ,   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

Headache in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic is a current topic, being divided into pre-infection headache, headache attributed to COVID-19 infection and post-COVID-19 headaches. The aim of the research was to analyze the peculiarities of the evolution and treatment of headache during the COVID-19 pandemic in the cohort of patients from the Republic of Moldova. The study was an online survey. People with COVID-19 infection and headaches were asked to complete a structured, validated and approved questionnaire, which included questions on: demographics, comorbidities, clinical signs of COVID-19 infection, headache before, during and after COVID-19 infection, screening for anxiety, depression and sleep disorders. The data collected for 3 months from the launch are presented (January - March 2021). The study showed that half (58.3%) of the respondents had different forms of headache before COVID-19 infection. During the infection period - 91% of the respondents had bouts of headache attributed to COVID-19, which were of high intensity, holocranial localization, being associated with such signs as vertigo, nausea, peripheral vegetative signs, pronounced asthenia (80%) and pain with another location (85.5%). Persistent headache after COVID-19 was reported by 62.7% of respondents, it being severe for 16.7% of them. Preliminary results show that headache during COVID-19 is prevalent and persists after COVID-19 causing disability and increased costs. Further studies are needed to validate these results.
“PerConcept” study: provider opinions about integrating preconception care into family planning services
Authors:   Gheorghe Paladi Municipal Clinical Hospital, Republic of Moldova, Siscanu Dumitru , Iliadi-Tulbure Corina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Marianian Anait Yu. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Russian Federation, Chico Aldama Patricia ,   National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico, Verbiest Sarah ,   University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Center for Maternal and Infant Health, USA, Dumbraveanu Ion ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Buta Galina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Arian Iurii ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, López Candiani Carlos ,   National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico, Chihai Viorica ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Kolesnikova Lyubov I. ,   Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Russian Federation
Published: January 2022

The importance of preconception care for the mother and child health has long been demonstrated, but the practical realization of this prophylactic activity remains insignificant. Th e article presents the “PerConcept” study results – a survey on “Family Planning” concept perceptions among physicians, whose activity is related to reproductive health. Th e study was conducted based on a unified questionnaire in three cities from three countries: Chisinau (Republic of Moldova), Irkutsk (the Russian Federation) and Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico). Th e survey involved 1.012 family physicians, obstetricians gynecologists, urologists, andrologists, but also doctors of other specialties. A number of 991 questionnaires were validated and analyzed. About 79.5% of all respondents (788) reported that the term of “family” is associated with the birth of children. About 96.0% of respondents (951) believed that pregnancy should be planned by the couple/woman. From a professional perspective, 862 physicians (94.5%), consider that the concept of family planning should also really include a component of preconception care, simultaneous with contraception. Th e majority of participants – 91.1%, (831) had the opinion that strategies and programs in the field of family planning should be revised, in order to include preconception health services. Although the “PerConcept” study had some limitations, the authors consider that the results are interesting because doctors from 3 regions of the world: Europe, Asia, and North America had a similar opinion about the need to expand the family planning concept, which should really include the preconception care, with an equal approach as another component – contraception.
Development of biosimilaries and biosimilar growth hormone
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ, Scutari Corina , Rusnac Liliana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ, Valica Vladimir ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ, Todiras Mihai ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ, Cazacu Radu ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaâ
Published: January 2022

In this article, an informative presentation was made about the development of biosimilar and biosimilar growth hormone in Europe and the Republic of Moldova following the selection and analysis of 37 bibliographic sources from the PubMed database and from specialized journals. Human growth hormone was approved by the EMA in 2006 as the world’s first biosimilar drug. Recombinant growth hormone therapy is currently approved for growth hormone deficiency, Turner syndrome, chronic kidney failure, in children/adolescents born young for gestational age and Prader-Willi syndrome. At the same time, biosimulation therapy is very expensive. In the Republic of Moldova but also in Eastern Europe, the accessibility of biological medicines is extremely low due to the lack of local or regional producers. Th e development of the biosimilar production branch, including the biosimilar growth hormone in the Republic of Moldova, will be an attractive and pharmacoeconomically advantageous option for the therapeutic arsenal.
Clinical pharmacology-real basis of effi cient and inoff ensive pharmacotherapy
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Ghicavii Victor , Chiriac Tatiana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Caracas Anastasia ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

Clinical pharmacology play an important role in ensuring effective and inofensive pharmacotherapy. The administration of a adjusted treatment according to the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic peculiarities of the drug, as well as the patient’s condition is indispensable. The rational use of medicines would increase the patient’s quality of life, as well as has important financial and public health benefits. Excessive, unreasonable prescription of drugs, polypharmacy, misuse of drugs, including expensive and unnecessary are the most common problems of irrational drug use. Many efforts have been made to improve drug use, but few evaluations have been carried out in this area. Identifying the problems that lead to irrational drug use and awareness of the importance of clinical pharmacology could ensure safe and effective pharmacotherapy.
Trends in the transformation of primary health care in the WHO European Region during the pandemic
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Zarbailov Natalia
Published: January 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic in the WHO European Region, primary care underwent continuous transformation that proved the important role of this medical fi eld. In diff erent countries, the transformation process has gone diff erently and diff erent goals and objectives were determned. Th e narrative review was conducted using a number of 15 publications, pragmatic and action-oriented, describing the policy instruments that countries have implemented to strengthen the role of primary health care during the pandemic response, as well as to maintain essential health. Th e case studies, published in series by WHO, were analyzed and evaluated in terms of common and country-specifi c trends in the WHO European region. Interventions described in WHO publications focused on the following areas: Strengthening governance and legislative frameworks; Strengthening the workforce, multidisciplinary team; Community and distance services; E-health and digital solutions; and Prevention, health promotion and education programs. Regardless of the results obtained, the continuous transformation of primary health care in different countries in the WHO European Region during the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed the adjustment of medical services provided to the situation created and contextual to the health system. Th is transition period allowed the learning of a number of lessons, both general and specifi c to specifi c countries. By presenting the crucial role of primary health care during the pandemic and beyond, the cases described by WHO have enabled the exchange of experience between countries to inspire policy action and accelerate long-term reforms in primary health care
Organization of the therapeutic education process in hypertension at the level of primary health care
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Topa Alexandra
Published: January 2022

High blood pressure is a major public health problem, with indicators of morbidity and mortality being alarming. Therapeutic education in hypertension increases the level of awareness, blood pressure control and prevents complications. The aim of the study is to evaluate the process of organizing the therapeutic education of patients with hypertension at the level of primary health care in the Republic of Moldova. Study design: descriptive, transversal, by applying the questionnaire developed in the interest of the study. Study methods: statistical, synthetic, comparative, graphical. Th e study involved 371 respondents, of which 65% family physicians, 35% nurses. The majority of medical staff (98.1%) consider therapeutic education important, 87.3% recognized the definition of therapeutic education and its benefits: blood pressure control (90.6%); decrease in mortality caused by complications (81.7%); increasing treatment compliance (72.5%); disease awareness (65.5%). The surveyed medical staff demonstrated a disproportionate involvement in the 4 stages of the organization process: 42.3% are involved in the planning stage, 93.0% - implementation 29.1% - evaluation and 54.2% - organization. The process of organizing therapeutic education is incomplete, due to the lack or insufficiency of planning and evaluation of therapeutic education of patients with hypertension.
Providing high performance medical services to athletes in the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   National Center of Sports Medicine „Atletmed”, Republic of Moldova, Stefanet Gheorghe , Tabirta Alisa ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Cebanu Serghei ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: January 2022

High-performance medical services means providing people who practice physical activity and sport with conditions for the organization of a periodic medical examination of their state of health, medical assistance during training and sports competitions, consultations on nutrition issues, rehabilitation services after traumatic injuries, educational activities for the promotion and maintenance of health. Th is paper includes a series of recommendations for strengthening the sports medicine service in the Republic of Moldova and ensuring its sustainability.