bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coral-reef-derived dimethyl sulfide and the climatic impact of the loss of coral reefs
Authors: Fiddes Sonya L. , Woodhouse Matthew T. , Lane Todd P. , Schofield Robyn
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a naturally occurring aerosol precursor gas which plays an important role in the global sulfur budget, aerosol formation and climate. While DMS is produced predominantly by phytoplankton, recent observational literature has suggested that corals and their symbionts produce a comparable amount of DMS, which is unaccounted for in models. It has further been hypothesised that the coral reef source of DMS may modulate regional climate. This hypothesis presents a particular concern given the current threat to coral reefs under anthropogenic climate change. In this paper, a global climate model with online chemistry and aerosol is used to explore the influence of coral-reef-derived DMS on atmospheric composition and climate. A simple representation of coral-reef-derived DMS is developed and added to a common DMS surface water climatology, resulting in an additional flux of 0.3 Tg yr−1 S, or 1.7 % of the global sulfur flux from DMS. By comparing the differences between both nudged and free-running ensemble simulations with and without coral-reef-derived DMS, the influence of coral-reef-derived DMS on regional climate is quantified. In the Maritime Continent–Australian region, where the highest density of coral reefs exists, a small decrease in nucleation- and Aitken-mode aerosol number concentration and mass is found when coral reef DMS emissions are removed from the system. However, these small responses are found to have no robust effect on regional climate via direct and indirect aerosol effects. This work emphasises the complexities of the aerosol–climate system, and the limitations of current modelling capabilities are highlighted, in particular surrounding convective responses to changes in aerosol. In conclusion, we find no robust evidence that coral-reef-derived DMS influences global and regional climate.
Parameterizing the vertical downward dispersion of ship exhaust gas in the near field
Authors: Badeke Ronny , Matthias Volker , Grawe David
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Estimating the impact of ship emissions on local air quality is a
topic of high relevance, especially in large harbor cities. For chemistry-transport modeling studies, the initial plume rise and dispersion play a
crucial role for the distribution of pollutants into vertical model layers.
This study aims at parameterizing the vertical downward dispersion in the
near field of a prototype cruise ship, depending on several meteorological
and technical input parameters. By using the microscale chemistry, transport and stream model (MITRAS), a parameterization scheme was developed to calculate
the downward dispersion, i.e., the fraction of emissions, which will be
dispersed below stack height. This represents the local concentration in the
vicinity of the ship. Cases with and without considering the obstacle effect
of the ship have been compared. Wind speed and ship size were found to be
the strongest factors influencing the downward dispersion, which can reach
values up to 55 % at high wind speed and lateral wind. This compares to
31 % in the case where the obstacle effect was not considered and shows
the importance of obstacle effects when assessing the ground-level pollution
situation in ports.
Firewood residential heating – local versus remote influence on the aerosol burden
Authors: Betancourt Clara , Küppers Christoph , Piansawan Tammarat , Sager Uta , Hoyer Andrea B. , Kaminski Heinz , Rapp Gerhard , John Astrid C. , Küpper Miriam , Quass Ulrich , Kuhlbusch Thomas , Rudolph Jochen , Kiendler-Scharr Astrid , Gensch Iulia
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We report the first-time use of the Lagrangian particle
dispersion model (LPDM) FLEXPART to simulate isotope ratios of the biomass
burning tracer levoglucosan. Here, we combine the model results with
observed levoglucosan concentrations and δ13C to assess the
contribution of local vs. remote emissions from firewood domestic heating to the particulate matter sampled during the cold season at two measurements stations of the Environmental Agency of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. For the investigated samples, the simulations indicate that the largest part of the sampled aerosol is 1 to 2 d old and thus originates from local to regional sources. Consequently, ageing, also limited by the reduced
photochemical activity in the dark cold season, has a minor influence on
the observed levoglucosan concentration and δ13C. The retro
plume ages agree well with those derived from observed δ13C
(the “isotopic” ages), demonstrating that the limitation of backwards
calculations to 7 d for this study does not introduce any significant
bias. A linear regression analysis applied to the experimental levoglucosan
δ13C vs. the inverse concentration confirms the young age of
aerosol. The high variability in the observed δ13C implies that
the local levoglucosan emissions are characterized by different isotopic
ratios in the range of −26.3 ‰ to −21.3 ‰. These values
are in good agreement with previous studies on levoglucosan source-specific
isotopic composition in biomass burning aerosol. Comparison between measured
and estimated levoglucosan concentrations suggests that emissions are
underestimated by a factor of 2 on average. These findings demonstrate
that the aerosol burden from home heating in residential areas is not of
remote origin. In this work we show that combining Lagrangian modelling with
isotope ratios is valuable to obtain additional insight into source
apportionment. Error analysis shows that the largest source of uncertainty
is limited information on isotope ratios of levoglucosan emissions. Based on
the observed low extent of photochemical processing during the cold season,
levoglucosan can be used under similar conditions as a conservative tracer
without introducing substantial bias.
Can machine learning correct microwave humidity radiances for the influence of clouds?
Authors: Kaur Inderpreet , Eriksson Patrick , Pfreundschuh Simon , Duncan David Ian
Published: April 2021

Abstract. A methodology based on quantile regression neural networks (QRNNs) is presented that identifies and corrects the cloud impact on microwave humidity sounder radiances at 183 GHz. This approach estimates the posterior distributions of noise-free clear-sky (NFCS) radiances, providing nearly bias-free estimates of clear-sky radiances with a full posterior error distribution. It is first demonstrated by application to a present sensor, the MicroWave Humidity Sounder 2 (MWHS-2); then the applicability to sub-millimetre (sub-mm) sensors is also analysed. The QRNN results improve upon what operational cloud filtering techniques like a scattering index can achieve but are ultimately imperfect due to limited information content on cirrus impact from traditional microwave channels – the negative departures associated with high cloud impact are successfully corrected, but thin cirrus clouds cannot be fully corrected. In contrast, when sub-mm observations are used, QRNN successfully corrects most cases with cloud impact, with only 2 %–6 % of the cases left partially corrected. The methodology works well even if only one sub-mm channel (325 GHz) is available. When using sub-mm observations, cloud correction usually results in error distributions with a standard deviation less than typical channel noise values. Furthermore, QRNN outputs predicted quantiles for case-specific uncertainty estimates, successfully representing the uncertainty of cloud correction for each observation individually. In comparison to deterministic correction or filtering approaches, the corrected radiances and attendant uncertainty estimates have great potential to be used efficiently in assimilation systems due to being largely unbiased and adding little further uncertainty to the measurements.
MISELA: 1-minute sea-level analysis global dataset
Authors: Zemunik Petra , Šepić Jadranka , Pellikka Havu , Ćatipović Leon , Vilibić Ivica
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Sea-level observations provide information on a variety of processes occurring over different temporal and spatial scales that may contribute to coastal flooding and hazards. However, global research of sea-level extremes is restricted to hourly datasets, which prevent quantification and analyses of processes occurring at timescales between a few minutes and a few hours. These shorter period processes, like seiches, meteotsunamis, infragravity and coastal waves, may even dominate in low-tidal basins. Therefore, a new global 1-minute sea-level dataset – MISELA (Minute Sea-Level Analysis) – has been developed, encompassing quality-checked records of nonseismic sea-level oscillations at tsunami timescales (T < 2 h) obtained from 331 tide-gauge sites (https://doi.org/10.14284/456, Zemunik et al., 2021b). This paper describes data quality-control procedures applied to the MISELA dataset, world and regional coverage of tide-gauge sites and lengths of time-series. The dataset is appropriate for global, regional or local research of atmospherically-induced high-frequency sea-level oscillations, which should be included in the overall sea-level extremes assessments.
How to reconstruct aerosol-induced diffuse radiation scenario for simulating GPP in land surface models? An evaluation of reconstruction methods with ORCHIDEE_DFv1.0_DFforc
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Boucher Olivier , Ciais Philippe , Li Laurent , Bellouin Nicolas
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The impact of diffuse radiation on photosynthesis has been widely documented in field measurements. This impact may have evolved over time during the last century due to changes in cloudiness, increased anthropogenic aerosol loads over polluted regions, and to sporadic volcanic eruptions curtaining the stratosphere with sulfate aerosols. The effects of those changes in diffuse light on large-scale photosynthesis (GPP) are difficult to quantify, and land surface models have been designed to simulate them. Investigating how anthropogenic aerosols have impacted GPP through diffuse light in those models requires carefully designed factorial simulations and a reconstruction of background diffuse light levels during the preindustrial period. Currently, it remains poorly understood how diffuse radiation reconstruction methods can affect GPP estimation and what fraction of GPP changes can be attributed to aerosols. In this study, we investigate different methods to reconstruct spatiotemporal distribution of the fraction of diffuse radiation (Fdf) under preindustrial aerosol emission conditions using a land surface model with a two-stream canopy light transmission scheme that resolves diffuse light effects on photosynthesis in a multi-layered canopy, ORCHIDEE_DF. We show that using a climatologically averaged monthly Fdf, as has been done by earlier studies, can bias the global GPP by up to 13 PgC yr−1 because this reconstruction method dampens the variability of Fdf and produces Fdf that is inconsistent with shortwave incoming surface radiation. In order to correctly simulate preindustrial GPP modulated by diffuse light, we thus recommend that the Fdf forcing field should be calculated consistently with synoptic, monthly, and inter-annual aerosol and cloud variability for preindustrial years. In the absence of aerosol and cloud data, alternative reconstructions need to retain the full variability in Fdf. Our results highlight the importance of keeping consistent Fdf and radiation for land surface models in future experimental designs that seek to investigate the impacts of diffuse radiation on GPP and other carbon fluxes.
18 year record of circum-Antarctic landfast sea ice distribution allows detailed baseline characterisation, reveals trends and variability
Authors: Fraser Alexander D. , Massom Robert A. , Handcock Mark S. , Reid Phillip , Ohshima Kay I. , Raphael Marilyn N. , Cartwright Jessica , Klekociuk Andrew R. , Wang Zhaohui , Porter-Smith Richard
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Landfast sea ice (fast ice) is an important though poorly-understood component of the cryosphere on the Antarctic continental shelf, where it plays a key role in atmosphere-ocean-ice sheet interaction and coupled ecological and biogeochemical processes. Here, we present a first in-depth baseline analysis of variability and change in circum-Antarctic fast-ice distribution (including its relationship to bathymetry), based on a new high-resolution satellite-derived time series for the period 2000 to 2018. This reveals a) an overall trend of −882 ± 824 km²/y (−0.19 ± 0.18 %/y); and b) eight distinct regions in terms of fast-ice coverage and modes of formation. Of these, four exhibit positive trends over the 18 y period and four negative. Positive trends are seen in East Antarctica and in the Bellingshausen sea, with this region claiming the largest positive trend of +1,198 ± 359 km²/y (+1.10 ± 0.35 %/y). The four negative trends predominantly occur in West Antarctica, with the largest negative trend of −1,206 ± 277 km²/y (−1.78 ± 0.41 %/y) occurring in the Victoria and Oates Lands region in the eastern Ross Sea. All trends are significant. This new baseline analysis represents a significant advance in our knowledge of the current state of both the global cryosphere and the complex Antarctic coastal system that is vulnerable to climate variability and change. It will also inform a wide range of other studies.
Effect of Low Triiodothyronine (T3) Hormone Levels on Atrial Fibrillation Development After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Kan İris İrem , Yuksel Ahmet , Güvenç Orhan , Yolgosteren Atıf , Ener Serdar , Biçer Murat , Şenkaya Sığnak Işık , Tok Mustafa
Published: April 2021

Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is the most common type of arrhythmia and it causes serious morbidity. Low levels of triiodothyronine (T3) hormone are thought to be a strong determinative factor on poor prognosis of cardiac patients. This study was planned to investigate the effect of low levels of T3 on the development of AF after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB) and conventional CABG surgery.

Methods: The study was prospectively planned on 60 patients undergoing CABG surgery. Thirty of them were randomly selected among the patients undergoing OPCAB, and the other 30 were randomly selected among the patients undergoing conventional CABG surgery. Thyroid function profiles of all patients were evaluated before the operation and on the first day of postoperative period. Results: The average age of the patients was 58.7± 8. After the operation, 3 patients from each group, 6 patients in total, developed AF. Postoperatively measured TT3 levels of the patients who developed AF after the operation (0.39±0.09) were found to be significantly lower than the preoperatively measured TT3 levels (0.97± 0.06) (p=0.042). Moreover, postoperatively measured fT3 levels of the patients who developed AF after operation (1.58± 0.30) were found to be significantly lower than the preoperatively measured fT3 levels (2.95±0.37) ( p=0.001). However, by univariate logistic regression analysis, it was seen that the variables that were thought to be risk factors for AF were not significantly effective. Also, when the effects of the variables were examined together by multivariate regression analysis, no significant result was found.Conclusion: In our study, it was seen that low levels of thyroid hormone in patients undergoing OPCAB and conventional CABG surgery had no effect on AF development.
Retrospective Analysis of Patients Admitted to Otorhinolaryngology Outpatient Clinics of a Tertiary Hospital with Epistaxis
Authors: Yağcı Tarık , Güneş Akif , Karalı Elif , Sebit Tuğberk , Ural Ahmet
Published: April 2021

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to make a general evaluation of patients who applied to our outpatient clinic with epistaxis.Methods: The files of approximately 300 patients who were admitted to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinics of a tertiary hospital with the complaint of nasal bleeding between January 2009 and January 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were analyzed in terms of age, gender, month of epistaxis, etiological factors, concomitant diseases, whether blood transfusion was required, treatment methods applied and length of hospital stay.Results: Of the 300 evaluated patients, 128 were female (42.8%) and 172 (57.2%) were male. The mean age of the patients was determined as 34.38 ± 23.63 (min 1-max: 89). The patients applied most frequently in February (14%) and at least in July (2.6%). The number of patients detected idiopathically was 240 (80%). Among the identified reasons, the most frequent use of anticoagulants was 11% and hypertension was 4.6%. Conservative treatment was applied to 98.4% of the patients. Hospitalization periods ranged from 1 to 11 days. Only 2 patients needed blood transfusion.Conclusion: Considering the possible complications and mortality; Taking detailed anamnesis from patients and planning the necessary treatment as soon as possible constitute the basis of diagnosis and treatment management in patients with epistaxis.
H HUBUNGAN POLA TIDUR DENGAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR SISWA DI KELAS Xd MA AL – QODIRI 1 JEMBER
Authors: Prasetya Fika Indah
Published: April 2021

Tidur merupakan salah satu kebutuhan dasar manusia yang termasuk ke dalam kebutuhan fisiologis, tidur juga hal yang universal karena semua individu dimanapun ia berada membutuhkan tidur. Kesulitan tidur akan berdampak pada tingkat konsentrasi belajr dan bekerja, serta secara emosional akan menjadi mudah sedih dan depresi sehingga penulis ingin melakukan penelitian dengan judul “ Hubungan Pola Tidur dengan Konsentrasi Belajar di Kelas Xd MA Al – Qodiri 1 Jember”. Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Pola Tidur dengan Konsentrasi Belajar.
PERBEDAAN JUS SIRSAK (ANNONA MURICATA L) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM URAT PADA WARGA RT 07 DESA KARANG SEMANDING KECAMATAN BALUNG JEMBER.
Authors: Suryaningtyas Eka , Prasetya Fika Indah
Published: April 2021

Asam urat ialah merupakan hasil metabolism purin yang belebihan didalam tubuh. Secara alami tubuh manusia dapat menyediakan purin sekitar 85% dan 15% lagi dapat dipenuhi dari makanan yang berasal dari sel hidup seperti (sayuran, buah, dan kacang – kacangan) atau pun hewah (daging, jeroan dan ikan sanden).

Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain pra – eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pre – post test desain, variable dalam penelitian ada dua yaitu variable independen (jus sirsak) dan variable dependen (penurunan kadar asam urat). Dari hasil peneletian dapat disimpulkan bahwa  ada pengaruh jus sirsak terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN KETERAMPILAN DASAR IMPLEMENTASI MPKP MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO DI STIKES BHAKTI AL QODIRI JEMBER
Authors: Tyas Eka suryaning
Published: April 2021

In general, students do not understand broadly the description of the MPKP nursing, pre and post conference rounds. Based on the background of the problem, it encourages the writer to conductfurther research on video media, an increase in motivation to learn and the implementation of MPKPin Nursing undergraduate students, STIKes Al Qodiri Jember. The purpose of this study was todetermine the increase in learning motivation and basic skills of MPKP in the Nursing undergraduatestudents of Stikes Bhakti Al Qodiri Jember. This research design uses quasy experiment. The samplingtechnique uses cluster random sampling, with 15 students as respondents. Analysis of the data used issimple linear regression. the results of statistical tests using simple linear regression on learningmotivation showed that a regression coefficient of 0.451 was obtained with a p value of 0.030. Thismeans that p <α, Ho is rejected and MPKP implementation shows that a regression coefficient of0.277 is obtained with a p value of 0.035. This means that p <α, Ho is rejected.
Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Ketuban Pecah Dini Pada Kehamilan Trimester III di Puskesmas Silo Kabupaten Jember.
Authors: Lestari Dwi Anggun
Published: April 2021

Premature rupture of membranes is rupture of membranes in pregnant women before any sign of labor. The direct cause of maternal death in Indonesia is 27% due to premature rupture of membranes which can ultimately lead to complications in puerperium. Based on the 2017 Riskesdas data, the Maternal Mortality Rate was 348 per 100,000 live births in 2015. In 2018 Jember district has a higher maternal mortality rate than the province. In 2018 at the Silo Health Center in Jember District, there were 239 cases of premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to study and explain the description of the incidence of premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women.

The research design used is case control through a retrospective approach. The population in this study were 275 third trimester pregnant women with 153 mothers experiencing premature rupture of membranes and 122 who did not experience premature rupture of membranes. The sample size in this study was 122 cases and 122 controls. The control sample was taken by simple random sampling. Data collection was performed using medical records. The analysis of this study used univariate, bivariate using Chi Square (X²) and multivariate with Simple Logistic Regression test.

In this study, the variables that influence the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes are age, occupation, parity, multiple pregnancy, fetal abnormalities, birth spacing and history of KPD with p value <0.05. The most dominant variable on the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes is the history of KPD with OR = 40.137: 95% CI and p value 0.000 so that different proportions of cases and controls are significant in the sense that there is a significant influence between the history of KPD on the incidence of premature rupture of membranes. So it is expected for third trimester pregnant women to be more diligent in doing ANC (Antenatal Care) in the next pregnancy.
Peran Pengawas Minum Obat, Dukungan Keluarga dan Peran petugas kesehatan dengan kepatuhan minum obat Pasien tb paru
Authors: Zainurridha Yuly Abdi
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: TB telah ada selama ribuan tahun dan tetap menjadi masalah utama masalah kesehatan global, dunia punmasih belum bebas dari TB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan peran pengawas minum obat,dukungan keluarga, dan peran petugas kesehatan dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien TB. Metode: Jenispenelitian ini adalah dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan kuesioner.Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling, dengan jumlah sampel 100 pasien TB. Variabel dalam penelitian iniadalah peran pengawas minum obat, dukungan keluarga, peran petugas kesehatan dan kepatuhan. Data dikumpulkandengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan Chi Square test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian persentase respondenyaitu patuh (85,9%), tidak patuh (14,1%), peran pengawas minum obat kategori baik (81,8%), kategori kurang (18,2%),dukungan keluarga kategori baik (70,5%), kategori kurang (29,5%), peran petugas kesehatan kategori baik (71,8%), dankategori kurang (28,2%), terdapat hubungan antara peran pengawas minum obat (Pvalue=0,001) dukungan keluarga(Pvalue=0,019), peran petugas kesehatan (Pvalue = 0,001) dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien TB di PuskesmasPatrang. Rekomendasi: Disarankan melibatkan keluarga selama pengobatan TB dan petugas kesehatan survei jikapenderita tidak datang berobat agar penyebaran penyakit TB dapat dicegah.
Penerapan Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process Untuk Keputusan Dosen Berprestasi Pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Al Washliyah Labuhanbatu
Authors: Munthe Shabrina Rasyid
Published: April 2021

Dalam menetapkan kriteria evaluasi ini, kami ingin mempermudah penilai kinerja dosen untuk menginput peringkatnya. Selain itu, dengan ditetapkannya standar yang dirancang untuk mempermudah penugasan dosen berprestasi. Algoritma AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process) dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan evaluasi kinerja dosen berprestasi di Fakultas Teknik Universitas Alwasliyah Labuhanbatu. Algoritma AHP (Analitycal Hierarchy Process) dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi output dosen berprestasi melalui aplikasi database. Diantisipasi dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja dukungan keputusan evaluasi ini, fakultas teknik akan dapat menyelesaikan masalah pengambilan keputusan selama penilaian. Kemudian dapat digunakan untuk merampingkan proses menghadiahi atau mengkompensasi dosen berprestasi di lingkungan fakultas teknik
Perancangan Aplikasi Game Tetris Batu Bara
Authors: Sitorus Sahat Parulian , Samsir Samsir
Published: April 2021

Aplikasi game Tetris Batu Bara merupakan aplikasi game yang dapat dijalankan pada perangkat leptop yang memiliki sistem operasi Window XP, Window 7, Window 8 dan Window 10. Aplikasi ini memiliki gameplay permainan tetris yang baru. Oleh karena itu, game ini memiliki tujuan untuk menghibur serta mengenalkan keanekaragaman game yang ada di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan aplikasi game ini adalah model waterfall. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, analisis game sejenis dan studi literatur
STUDY OF RESIDUAL AMOUNTS OF CLOXACILLIN, AMOXICILLIN AND PREDNISOLONE IN COW'S MILK WITH THE USE OF “TRIOLACT”
Authors: Krasochko P.A. , Kovzov V.V. , Krasochko P.P. , Kovzov I.V. , Korchagina A.A.
Published: April 2021

The findings of the studies show that in 60 hours (5 milkings) after the course of intracisternal administration of the veterinary preparation “Triolact” in cows, there were no cloxacillin, amoxicillin and prednisolone detected in any samples of their milk. Thus, milk can be used for food purposes in 60 hours (5 milkings) after the last application of “Triolact”, provided that signs of mastitis had completely disappeared which is confirmed by diagnostic tests.
СOMPLEX TREATMENT OF CATTLE WITH PURULENT CONJUNCTIVO-KERATITES
Authors: Bizunova M.V. , Bizunov A.V. , Khomchenko N.G.
Published: April 2021

The application of a nonwoven nanomaterial with tylosin and propolis 0.5×1 cm in size into the conjunctival sac once every three days in combination with the intramuscular administration of catosal at a dose of 10 ml within 5 successive days of a complex therapy improves recovery time in cattle with purulent conjunctival keratites and increases the cost-effectiveness of treatment.
Evaluation of Microshear Bond Strength of Self-Adhesive Versus Conventional Flowable Resin Composite to Sound and Affected Dentin: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Abouelmagd Dalia M. , Abouelseoud Hanan K.
Published: April 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of self-adhesive flowable composite and conventional bonded flowable composite to sound and caries affected dentin.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, a total of freshly extracted 40 human molar teeth were used. The occlusal surface was sectioned to expose dentin for µSBS test. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the type of flowable composite used into two groups (n=20): group A: self- adhesive flowable composite (Vertise flow), group B: Filtek Z350-XT flowable composite and one-step self-etch adhesive Adper Easy One. A plastic cylindrical mold was used to construct resin composite cylinders (0.8mm diameter x 1mm length) on the sound and caries affected exposed dentin and filled with flowable composite restorative materials according to manufacturer’s instructions. The samples were then immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, and underwent µSBS test at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test to compare between the two materials as well as to compare between sound and caries affected dentin.
Results: The mean values of µSBS of Filtek Z-350XT to sound and caries affected were 26.6 and 26.7 MPa respectively. The mean µSBS of Vertise Flow to sound and affected were 13.2 and 17.9 MPa respectively. With sound dentin FiltekZ-350XT showed statistically significant higher µSBS than Vertise flow. With caries affected dentin, there was no statistically significant difference between the two materials. There was no statistically significant difference between µSBS of sound and caries affected dentin within each material. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.
Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the conventional flowable composite yielded the highest µSBS to sound dentin. There was no statistical significant difference in µSBS of self-adhesive and conventional flowable to caries affected dentin.

Key words: Composite Resins; Dentin; microshear.
Influence of Organizational Culture, Leadership Style and Work Motivation on Human Resource Development and Employee Performance at the Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of South Sulawesi Province
Authors: . Musmulyadi , Mus Abdul Rahman , Sinring Bahar
Published: April 2021

This study aims to: (1) analyze the cultural influence of employee organization, in the form of integrity, professional, innovation, responsibility, and conscientiousness 2) analyze the influence of employee's work leadership style, in the form of spiritual leadership, autocratic style, laissez-fair style, and transformational style (3) analyze the influence of employee work motivation, the need for flexibility, the need to excel, the need for affiliation, and reward (4) analyze the influence of employee development, namely: benchmarking, learning tasks, intelegent quotient, and emotional quotient (5) analyzing leadership style influence on human resource development (6) analyzing the influence of motivation (7) analyzing organizational culture through human resource development (8) analyzing leadership style through human resource development affect employee performance. (9) analyzing motivation through the development of human resources affects the performance of employees (10) analyzing the development of human resources affects the performance of employees
The object of this research is employees of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of South Sulawesi which is divided into 24 Offices of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of The City Regency and 1 Regional Office. The sample of this study was 386 out of a population of 10,293 employees. The research sample was obtained by random sampling cluster technique after which the population was proportionate using proportional random sampling. The data is analyzed with the Structural Equetion Modeling (SEM) program.
The results showed: (1) Organizational Culture has no effect on employee performance. (2) Leadership Style positively and significantly affects employee performance (3) Work Motivation positively and significantly affects employee performance (4) Work Motivation positively and significantly affects employee performance (5) Leadership style positively and significantly affects Human Resource Development (6) Leadership Style positively and significantly affects Human Resource Development. (7) Leadership Style has a positive and significant effect on Human Resource Development (8) Organizational Culture positively and significantly affects Performance Through Human Resource Development (9) Organizational Culture positively and significantly affects Performance Through Human Resource Development. (10) Organizational Culture has a positive and significant impact on Performance through Human Resource Development.

Keywords: Performance, Organizational Culture, Leadership Style, Work Motivation, Human Resources Development.
Brykendrickia catenata gen. & sp. nov. from India
Authors: Verma Rajnish Kumar , Prasher I.B. , Sushma  , Rajeshkumar Kunhiraman C. , Gautam Ajay Kumar , Castañeda-Ruiz Rafael F.
Published: April 2021

A new hyphomycete genus and species,Brykendrickia catenata, collected on decaying culms of bamboo species from Indian forests, is described and illustrated. Brykendrickia catenata is the type species for a new monotypic genus possessing sporodochial conidiomata. Conidiogenous
cells are polyblastic, rarely monoblastic, cylindrical, and hyaline to subhyaline. Conidia are loosely cheiroid, blastocatenate, and produce branches of doliiform to oblong, botuliform, globose or subglobose, sub-hyaline to light grey cells.
Variability and distribution of Pluteus luteus, a later synonym of P. variabilicolor
Authors: Ševčíková Hana , Dima Bálint
Published: April 2021

The type specimen of Pluteus luteus was studied morphologically and molecularly using DNA sequences of the ITS region of the ribosomal RNA gene. Pluteus luteus is reduced to a synonym of P. variabilicolor, the morphological variability of which is discussed. The
distribution of P. variabilicolor as a species native to Europe and Asia is summarized, including the first collection from Slovakia and the second report from the Republic of Korea (South Korea).
Regional annotated mycobiota new to the Mycotaxon website
Authors: Barbosa Rebeca Leite , Vitória Nadja Santos
Published: April 2021

Mycotaxon is pleased to add a new annotated species distribution list to our 143 previously posted free-access fungae. The 17-page "Lichenized Ascomycota on Piptadenia moniliformis and Solanum mauritianum in the Raso da Catarina Ecoregion, Caatinga, Brazil" by
Rebeca Leite Barbosa & Nadja Santos Vitória may be downloaded from our website via http://www.mycotaxon.com/mycobiota/index.html
Craterellus atrobrunneolus sp. nov. from southwestern China
Authors: Cao Ting , Yu Jia-Rui , Hu Ya-Ping , Yuan Hai-Sheng
Published: April 2021

A new ectomycorrhizal fungus from southwestern China, Craterellus atrobrunneolus, is proposed as supported by morphological and phylogenetic analyses. The basidiocarps are characterized by a dark brown to brownish gray coloration, convex to plano-convex pileus with an umbilicate
but not perforate center, smooth to slightly folded gray to cretaceous hymenophore, absence of clamp connections in all tissues, narrow basidia with 2–6 sterigmata, and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian sequence analyses of the ITS + nrLSU
DNA regions confirm the phylogenetic position of the new species. Illustrations accompany the technical description and comparisons of C. atrobrunneolus and closely related species.
The Role of Pathya Apathya in the management of Amlapitta Vyadhi
Authors: Ahire Vishakha , Dachewar Archana
Published: April 2021

Amlapitta is a commonly encountered disease of Annavaha Srotasa (Gastrointestinal system) described in various Ayurvedic Text. According to Ayurveda Agni is one of the main principle of human health. And the Amlapitta disease cause by the Suppression in Agni; When the Amla Guna & Drava Guna is excessively increases in Pitta Guna; the disease Amlapitta is produce. Now-a-days it has become a 'Burning' problem in our Society. And this disease not only hampered physical health but also psychological and social health too.
 
In Ayurveda the first main principle of Chikitsa is starts with Nidanparivarjan (prevention of Disease). So to treat the disease in early stage, we have to focus on our healthy eating habbits. Pathya apathya is mention in Ayurveda is to prevent as well as to treat the disease. Pathya recommended in Amlapitta are mainly Laghu and Agnidipak ahar, i.e. Yava, Godhuma, Mudga Yusha , Puran Shali Shashtik, Lajamand etc. Apathya recommended in Amlapitta are Navanna, Mash , Kulathha, Dadhi etc. So this review article focus on Pathya (Wholesome regimen) And Apathya (Unwholesome regimen) in Amlapitta disease.
NABH ACCREDITATION STANDARDS IN PERCEPTIVE OF PANCHAKARMA CLINICS AND HOSPITALS – A REVIEW.
Authors: Kubal Dr. Madhuri Prakash , Belge Dr. Archana Raman
Published: April 2021

Ayurveda, emerging as an ancient science of life globally, highlighting India as a native drawing attention from every corner of world. Panchakarma, Yoga Science, Marmachikitsa, Ksharsutra, Rasaushadhi etc. are super specialities of Ayurveda, having no other alternative at all, are becoming attractions, raising medical tourism in India. In this era, evaluation of organization as per their performance & quality has become integral part of health sector of India. NABH has established standards by keeping in mind, enhancement of health system & promotion of continuous quality improvement & patient safety. Objective- To have a review of NABH accreditation standards in perceptive of Panchakarma clinics & hospitals. Design- NABH accreditation standards for Ayurveda hospitals second edition is referred to have review in perceptive of Panchakarma clinics & hospitals. Results- Ayurveda hospital accreditation standards consist of 10 chapters, further divided into 98 standards, incorporation of 590 objective elements. These standards are requirements led by NABH which facilitate safe high quality care. These standards provide framework for quality health facilities, mainly defining Panchakarma facility very precisely, right from documentation to staff awareness. Conclusion- Patients well aware about quality health services, especially in terms of medical tourism expects standard & safety assurance. These NABH accreditation standards setting benchmark for AYUSH hospitals, helps in enhancing significance in health sector in India.
KEYWORDS- Accreditation, Medical Tourism, NABH, Panchakarma, Quality Assuarance.
MITIGATING ALUMINUM TOXICITY IN SEEDLINGS OF GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA L. USING SILICON
Authors: YAZDANI Mojtaba , SAADATMAND Sara , ENTESHARI Shekoofeh , HABIBOLAHI Saeed
Published: April 2021

Background: Silicon is a beneficial element for the plant, with the primary role in increasing plant resistance to heavy metals' toxicity and considering the importance of phytoremediation to remove heavy metals from contaminated soils. It could be used for the exogenous application for alleviating the harmful effects of heavy metals on the plant. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the role of Silicon in balancing the destructive effects of aluminum on Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Methods: the seedlings were grown under a hydroponic system using Long Ashton nutrient solution; the 15-day-old seedlings were exposed to Silicon (0, 0.5, 1.5 mM) for 110 days and afterward stressed by interactions of aluminum chloride (AlCl3.6H2O; 0, 100, 250, and 400 M). Result and Discussion: the interactive effects of Silicon significantly ameliorated the negative consequences of aluminum toxicity. The combination of Si 1.5 mM and Al 400 ?M produced the highest biomass in shoots (45.67 g). The simple effect of Si 1.5 mM (12.14 g) made the highest shoot dry weight. On the other hand, the highest quantity of root fresh and dry weight (12.52 and 3.22 g, respectively) was observed in Si 1.5 mM. Among the treatments, Si 0.5 mM + Al 100 ?M had the most stem height (38 cm) among interaction treatments. Similarly, photosynthetic pigments affected by Silicon, Al 250 ?M + Si 1.5 mM had the highest content of chlorophyll a (1.91 ?g/g FW), while Al 400 + 1.5 mM indicated the most increase in chlorophyll b (0.78 ?g/g FW) among interaction effects. This treatment by producing 0.663 ?g/g FW yielded the highest carotenoid content. The highest proline content in shoots and roots (69.54 and 81.46 ?g/g FW, respectively) were observed in the interaction of Al 400 ?M and Si 1.5 mM. Additionally, this treatment was observed to have the highest concentration of catalase (1.22 U/mg protein). The lowest malondialdehyde content was marked in Si 1.5 mM + Al 100 ?M (0.702 nM/g FW). Conclusion: overall, Glycyrrhiza Glabra L. seems to have high Al phytoremediation potential that can be enhanced with the exogenous application of a moderate Silicon level.
Retorisk handlekraft hviler på tillid
Authors: Hoff-Clausen Elisabeth
Published: April 2021

Trust is not just a result of rhetorical action but a precondition for it. While perhaps obvious, this is seldom made explicit in rhetorical theory. In this paper, therefore, I examine the relations between trust and rhetorical agency and argue that attributions of rhetorical agency are based on trust in others, in oneself and in the systems and insti­tutions we share with those with whom we interact. This exacer­bates rhetorical challenges during crises of trust. In situations where the warranty of trust is questioned we tend to safeguard ourselves sooner than reach out to one another. This affects the performance, meaning and force of the rhetorical utterances we make
Topik. Ekskursioner i den retoriske toposlære
Authors: Gabrielsen Jonas
Published: April 2021

Få retoriske begreber peger i så forskellige retninger som topikken, og få retoriske lærebygninger bliver i praksis udnyttet på så forskellig vis som topikken. Mens topik for eksempel i én sammenhæng fremstilles som en lære beregnet til at udfinde stof, fremstilles den i en anden sammenhæng som en argumentationslære. Og mens topikken visse steder fremstilles som en kreativ og dynamisk disciplin, der kan hjælpe retoren til at opdage nye vinkler og pointer i en sag, fremstilles den andre steder som en konserverende og statisk disciplin, der hjælper retoren til at genbruge andre retorers vinkler og pointer. I Jonas Gabrielsens ekskursioner viser topikken sig at være et frugtbart afsæt for en indkredsning af en central retorisk dimension, den skabende dimension, og den heri indlejrede grundtanke, at enhver sag kan fremstilles på et utal af måder – en tanke, der har afgørende konsekvenser for det persuasive håndværk
QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL DO SOLO SOB A ÁREA DO ATERRO CONTROLADO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CORRENTE-PI
Authors: Coelho Juliana Vogado , Costa Tancio Gutier Ailan , Iwata Bruna de Freitas
Published: April 2021

A contaminação do solo atua como um dos principais problemas no que se refere ao destino inadequado dos resíduos sólidos, o que possivelmente provoca alteração a fatores de qualidade ambiental. Considerando esse processo, o estudo buscou verificar a qualidade ambiental do solo da área sob o aterro controlado do município de Corrente-PI. Através de visita in loco buscou-se identificar os possíveis meios de contaminação do solo, avaliando a disposição dos resíduos, a topografia do local e verificação das técnicas de proteção ao solo/ambiente. No que se refere à disposição dos resíduos sólidos do município identifica-se como irregular, possivelmente provocando a contaminação do solo por não executar o tratamento prévio adequado dos resíduos além da falha no controle quanto à classe de resíduos depositados e a ocorrência do descarte direto sob o solo da área sem medidas de proteção. Tendo em destaque o aspecto topográfico da área no qual observou-se o  relevo suave, de modo ao qual possibilita minimizar o processo de erosão do solo e que possivelmente facilitaria na manutenção dos componentes do sistema de drenagem, impedindo o incremento de possíveis fatores de contaminação do solo. Diante dos fatores que se encontram irregular na área sob o aterro controlado alguns visam à utilização de um planejamento integral na gestão dos resíduos sólidos no qual se encontram em estado de deficiência na destinação final de tais resíduos, visando promover como subsidio para minimizar possíveis meios de contaminação do solo. A identificação e monitoramento dos resíduos que são depositados na área podem ser realizados de maneira que estabeleça um controle que possa intervir na contaminação do solo na área, mediante diagnóstico detalhado visando os riscos que os resíduos podem causar e possivelmente uma investigação confirmatória dos possíveis fatores que alteram a qualidade do solo.
Le sindromi autoinfiammatorie: quando non è solo PFAPA
Authors: TOMMASINI ALBERTO , LEPORE LOREDANA
Published: April 2021

PFAPA (Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis and Adenitis) is the most common self-inflammatory disorder in children. The diagnosis of PFAPA is easy, based on Thomas criteria, and the prognosis is good. Differential diagnosis with hereditary periodic fever syndromes (Familial Mediterranean Fever, Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency, TRAPS and CAPS) should be considered only in the presence of red flags such as early onset, severe abdominal complaints, arthritis and severe rashes. Some patients may present distinct clinical entities with periodic fevers that neither meet PFAPA criteria nor hereditary periodic fever syndromes genotypes. Subjects with these “Undifferentiated Periodic Fever” may respond to glucocorticoids or colchicines or to anakinra in the most severe cases and still have an undetermined prognosis.
Come è cambiato il lavoro del pediatra al tempo del Covid
Authors: Pediconi Maria Gabriella , Prinster Chiara , Radice Laura , Saccaggi Anna , Schiavo Barbara
Published: April 2021

Background - International literature documents that children and adolescents infected with the coronavirus develop moderate symptoms and a favourable prognosis. However, the pandemic has had a major impact on children’s health and the paediatricians’ work. The clinical work of paediatricians has significantly changed.
 Aims, materials and methods - A qualitative pilot research was conducted thanks to the participation of 13 privileged witnesses. Through an anonymous questionnaire, the present research detected the changes in the overall activity of the Italian family paediatrician and the impact of the pandemic on their professional activity during the lockdown. The thematic analysis of the answers made it possible to focus on the main changes of the paediatric profession and explore the characteristics of its resilience, highlighting the most significant difficulties that paediatricians faced during Phase 1.
 Results and discussion - What was lost in the clinical activity, towards the patient with acute pathology or in the prevention activity, has been regained with a new use of known means, such as telephone and email, or thanks to the use of new tools such as WhatsApp and video (telemedicine): those that were subsidiary means before the pandemic have become effective and permanent endowments of the paediatrician after the lockdown. Together with the technical acquisition, the professional identity has been strengthened in terms of shared professionalism, especially as to relationships with colleagues and the collaboration of families.
Ciências para as crianças: a Transposição Didática na formação inicial em Pedagogia como processo criativo de (trans)formação
Authors: Bastos Giseli Duarte , Vestena Rosemar De Fátima , Sepel Lenira Maria Nunes
Published: April 2021

Tendo em vista a curiosidade natural das crianças em questionar, testar e criar, torna-se latente que o ensino das Ciências da Natureza para os primeiros anos escolares valorize e estimule tais características, aliando-as aos aspectos da própria Ciência e de seu desenvolvimento. Para tanto, emerge a necessidade de investir-se em uma formação inicial de Pedagogos voltada a esse fim. A partir de uma disciplina sobre o Ensino de Ciências, ofertada a estudantes de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior, da região central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, nos propomos a analisar a produção de planejamentos de atividades voltadas às Ciências da Natureza para os anos iniciais, elaborados pelas alunas ao final da disciplina. Objetivamos investigar como se deu o processo de Transposição Didática (TD) dos conhecimentos. Para tanto, à luz da Análise de Conteúdo, elegemos quatro elementos organizativos da análise, considerando a influência: das crianças ao perguntarem, das políticas públicas, da formação inicial e das concepções pessoais das estudantes. A análise dos dados demonstrou o processo de TD como um produto inédito para cada futura docente. As estudantes elaboraram seus planejamentos explorando aspectos epistemológicos, pedagógicos e psicológicos das Ciências, valorizando as características infantis aliadas ao fazer científico. Nossos resultados reiteram o quanto um processo formativo inicial pode suscitar fagulha de (trans)formação nos sujeitos que os compartilham, reforçando a responsabilidade dos Cursos de Pedagogia em oferecerem oportunidades de formação que valorizem ideias e estimulem a criação e a autonomia em Ciências.