bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT IN QUALITY OF LIFE FOLLOWING PERCUTANEOUS TRANSHEPATIC BILIARY DRAINAGE FOR MALIGNANT OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE: AN INSTITUTION-BASED OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Medical College Kolkata., Roy Arkaprovo , Chakraborty Suchismita ,   Senior Resident, Department of Surgical Oncology, Banaras Hindu University., Thakur Ayusmati ,   Consultant Gastroenterologist, DNB(General Medicine), MRCP UK.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Long-term prognosis of patients with obstructive jaundice due to malignant biliary disease is very dismal. These patients are treated mainly for palliation of symptomatic jaundice and related complications. To alleviate symptomatic jaundice, three modalities of treatment are generally employed â€“ bilio-enteric bypass, Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) and Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography guided stenting. However, minimal data is available comparing the pre-procedure and post-procedure Quality of Life (QOL) of these patients. Aims of the Study: To study the pre-procedure & post-procedure QOL of patients undergoing PTBD. Methodology: We studied patients who underwent PTBD in between January 2017 and June 2021, attending our tertiary-care hospital with malignant obstructive jaundice, with high-up biliary obstruction. An observational study was conducted to compare the QOL before and after procedure using the EORTC-QLQ-30 Symptom Scale Score. Results:The majority (80%) had the diagnosis of carcinoma gallbladder. Maximum number of patients (75%) presented with a pre-procedure bilirubin value of more than 15 mg/dl. These patients showed significant bilirubin decrement by day 7. Follow-up at 1 month and 3 months following PTBD demonstrated significant improvement in global health status, physical status, emotional, cognitive and social QOL score. Some deterioration in the QOL score was noted at 6 months follow-up, which might be related to recurrence or stent blockade. Conclusion: Overall improvement in post-procedure QOL was observed during follow-up analysis of the subjects. The increase in financial burden could be attributed to the maintenance of drainage catheter (wound management bags, treatment of infections) and cost of frequent hospital visits after the procedure.
ROLE OF STATINS ON CARDIAC REMODELING IN HEART FAILURE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA., Vamsy Polepalli Krishna , Priyatha Vemparala ,   Internal Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND., Ezeano Chimezirim ,   Public Health, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort worth, Fortworth, USA., M. Al Edani Esraa ,   Dermatology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA, Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA., A. Abdelrahim Rana ,   Internal Medicine, the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in Bahrain, Busaiteen, BHR., Rohit R. Mekala Sai ,   Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield California, USA Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA School of Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, IND., a Posettefarouk ,   Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfeild, USA.
Published: June 2024

Heart Failure is a chronic condition in which the heart doesnt pump blood as well as it should it is a major cause of morbidity and mortalityglobally.Heart failure is the pathophysiologic state in which the heart, via an abnormality of cardiac function (detectable or not), fails to pump blood at a rate commensurate with the requirements of the metabolizing tissues or is able to do so only with an elevated diastolic filling pressure. As recent studies describe Statins to have a beneficial role in preventing Cardiac remodeling in Heart Failure, this systematic review aims to explore the use of Statins as a potential therapy in patients with Heart Failure. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)2020 guidelines. The search was conducted using PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar in July 2023. The inclusion criteria were set to free full-text articles published within 5 years, human studies, literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta -analyses, observational studies, RCTs, studies investigating adult samples, and the English language. Exclusion criteria included animal studies, posters, editorials. The primary search yielded18,166 studies, which were screened and subsequently assessed through quality appraisal tools respective to each study. The result of this review demonstrated that statins prevent cardiac remodeling in heart failure. In the end, both randomized and nonrandomized clinical trails are necessary for more conclusive findings.
The effect of tax avoidance on firm value with leverage as a moderating variable
Authors: Fawzi Shubita Mohammad
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the effect of tax avoidance (TAV) on company value in Jordan, with a specific focus on the moderating role of leverage. The sample is 55 Jordanian industrial firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the study period from 2005 to 2022. Given the evolving regulatory landscape and the importance of tax planning strategies for corporate performance, understanding these dynamics is critical. Employing panel data analysis spanning several years, the study examined the link between tax avoidance, leverage, and company value. The results indicated a significant negative association between TAV and firm value (the correlation between them is –29.3%), suggesting that firms engaging in higher levels of TAV experience lower market valuations. Additionally, the analysis reveals that leverage plays a crucial moderating role in this relationship, amplifying the negative impact of TAV on firm value. The study also found a strong correlation between firm value and size, and the relationship between firm value and ROA remains significant and positive. These findings provided valuable information for policymakers, corporate executives, and investors navigating the complexities of contemporary business environments in Jordan and beyond.
Educação financeira no ensino médio: Uma análise após oficinas realizadas em escola pública do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Do Nascimento Sheila Santos , Avelar Katia Eliane Santos
Published: June 2024

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo realizado sobre a importância da educação financeira para jovens periféricos, alunos de escola pública, com a abordagem do consumo sustentável e o empreendedorismo social como uma possibilidade de carreira. A pesquisa foi realizada com alunos do ensino médio do Colégio Estadual Prof. José de Souza Marques, localizado próximo à comunidade do Quitungo, no Bairro de Brás de Pina, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Após o término das oficinas, foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa com a finalidade de verificar o conhecimento prévio e a necessidade da educação financeira para os alunos e suas famílias. A partir dos resultados das entrevistas e das análises realizadas foi desenvolvida a aplicação web “Dindim Papo Reto”, sendo possível avaliar quão proveitoso foi todo este processo em sala de aula, o que corrobora com a importância da abordagem da educação financeira na escola, ainda mais em períodos de crise como na pandemia de COVID-19, inserindo novas perspectivas aos estudantes e suas famílias e com o foco no desenvolvimento local. Todo o conteúdo das oficinas, da entrevista e da ferramenta foram desenvolvidos com uma linguagem acessível aos jovens buscando uma aproximação maior com os estudantes.
Espaços universitários e transtorno do espectro autista: Invisibilidade social e capacitismo frente à dignidade humana
Authors: Arrabal Alejandro Knaesel , Marcolla Fernanda Analú , Stoll Sabrina Lehnen
Published: June 2024

O presente estudo aborda a questão do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na Universidade, em especial sobre as implicações da invisibilidade da pessoa com TEA e do capacitismo para a dignidade existencial, no processo ensino-aprendizagem. Realizado por meio de revisão sistemática de dados indiretos disponíveis em publicações científicas, o artigo estrutura o assunto em três unidades. A primeira desenvolve a caracterização da universidade como espaço de convivência. A segunda trata especificamente do Transtorno do Espectro Autista e da invisibilidade social que o acompanha. Por fim, considerando a realidade do processo ensino-aprendizagem, o texto confronta os conceitos de capacitismo e convivência digna. Entre outros aspectos, o estudo indica que, das práticas pedagógicas aos instrumentos de avaliação, o ensino-aprendizagem demanda novas abordagens considerando o cenário das neurodiversidades. As instituições de ensino superior deparam-se com o desafio de prover conteúdos formativos, em uma realidade social orientada por garantias que, entre outros aspectos, reconhecem na individualidade o pressuposto do respeito às diferenças. Nesse contexto, o capacitismo representa um conceito relacionado a barreiras atitudinais que comprometem a dignidade existencial das pessoas com TEA, fato cuja transformação efetiva envolve produção de espaços de diálogo aberto e altero, bem como o reconhecimento do valor positivo das diferenças.
Aprender na e com a prática: A inserção de professores iniciantes na carreira e a aprendizagem da docência
Authors: De Araújo Ginaldo Cardoso
Published: June 2024

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa de doutorado e toma como objeto de estudo a inserção de professores na carreira docente.  Objetiva analisar como os professores iniciantes e as políticas públicas educacionais dos últimos anos, no Brasil, enunciam a inserção profissional na docência. Para tanto, o percurso metodológico da pesquisa foi realizado em duas etapas: a primeira consistiu na análise de documentos oficiais que regulamentam as políticas públicas destinadas ao desenvolvimento profissional de professores, e a segunda etapa buscou reunir, por meio da realização de grupos de discussão, um conjunto de falas de professores iniciantes que atuam nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, em escolas públicas do município de Caetité, no Estado da Bahia. Com base na análise do discurso de inspiração foucaultiana, a materialidade empírica da pesquisa evidenciou que a inserção na profissão docente é enunciada pelos professores iniciantes e pelos documentos oficiais investigados como um período de aprendizado da docência, no contexto da prática. Posicionados como profissionais-aprendizes, os iniciantes são conduzidos para aprenderem a lidar com o currículo da escola e o que ele estabelece sobre a gestão do planejamento, da disciplina, da metodologia de ensino, da avaliação, do material didático, do modo de relacionar com os estudantes, com a família e a com comunidade, constituindo, assim, uma prática docente em aderência às demandas da sociedade contemporânea.
Estudantes do ensino fundamental como cientistas cidadãos: Cartografando riscos sobre leishmaniose
Authors: De Almeida Eloísa Maria Ferreira , De Souza Maria Celeste Reis Fernandes , Campos Renata Bernardes Faria
Published: June 2024

O artigo compartilha resultados de um estudo que utiliza a ciência cidadã como abordagem investigativa, com estudantes do 7º ano de uma escola pública de Governador Valadares (MG), em uma pesquisa sobre leishmaniose. Adota-se estudos sobre ciência cidadã, território e as contribuições de Paulo Freire. Os dados foram produzidos em rodas de conversa e oficina via plataforma google my maps. A análise concentra-se no engajamento dos estudantes como cientistas cidadãos. Os resultados mostram a identificação de áreas de risco, aprendizagens sobre pesquisa e leishmaniose. Conclui-se pela importância de pesquisas em ciência cidadã com estudantes da educação básica com vistas à promoção da educação científica e a posicionamentos cidadãos.
Highlights of the 2023 Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology, 3rd Edition
Authors: Song Dong Eun
Published: June 2024

The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRCT) is crucial for cytopathologists to use a standardized, category-based reporting system for thyroid fine needle aspirations and is effective for clear communication with the referring physicians. The new Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology, the third edition in 2023, provides several key updates. The most important update is the assignment of only single name for each of the six diagnostic categories: (I) nondiagnostic; (II) benign; (III) atypia of undetermined significance; (IV) follicular neoplasm; (V) suspicious for malignancy; and (VI) malignant. An implied risk of malignancy (ROM) for each of six categories has been updated based on extensively published data since the second edition of TBSRTC in 2017 and offers both an average ROM for each category and the expected range of cancer risk. Estimated final ROM after excluding “Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary Like Nuclear Features (NIFTP)” for each of six categories has been updated based on the reported mean decreases in the ROM if excluding NIFTP. For atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) category, the subcategorization is simplified and more formalized into 2 subgroups, AUS-nuclear atypia or AUS-other, based on the implied ROM and molecular profiling. For the pediatric thyroid disease, pediatric ROMs and management algorithms are newly added for the same six reporting categories for this age group. New or revised disease nomenclatures including high-grade follicular-derived carcinoma has been updated according to the recently published 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Thyroid Neoplasms. Brand new two chapters are added including clinical perspectives and imaging studies (Chap. 13) and the use of molecular and other ancillary tests (Chap. 14). The atlas is updated with new images to illustrate more effectively for new disease entity and diagnostic criteria.
A Myxofibroma of the Soft Tissue of Face: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Kim Kuylhee , Lee Donghyun , Jung Soyeon , Chung Chul Hoon , Cho SeongJin , Chang Yongjoon
Published: June 2024

Myxoma is a locally invasive neoplasm usually involving the jaw bones, typically occurs between the second and fourth decades. This tumor may comprise 3%-6% of odontogenic tumors. Myxomas of the soft tissue of the face are very rare. We present an unusual case of myxofibroma occurring in a 13-year-old man involving the soft tissue of the face. It congenitally occurred and was a 1 cm sized, ovoid in shape, swelling located on the glabella without any symptoms. An excisional biopsy was performed. A well encapsulated ovoid mass was attached to the corrugator supercilli muscle below the frontalis muscle. It was measured 1.1 x 1 x 0.8 cm and completely excised. Histological examination revealed myxofibroma showing stellate and spinde-shaped cells throughout myxoid ground substance. The unusual features of this case are the site of the tumor, which was localized to the non-tooth bearing area of the mandible and its congenital occurrence history.
Exploring Octopamine: Immunohistochemical research of a spionid worm Pygospio elegans nervous system
Authors: Starunova Zinaida , Shunkina Ksenia , Novikova Elena , Starunov Viktor
Published: June 2024

Octopamine is a biogenic amine specific for invertebrates distributed in all groups from Cnidaria to Echinodermata. Our study is aimed to investigate the octopamine-positive elements in the nervous system of the spionid worm Pygospio elegans. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect octopamine-positive elements in the central and peripheral nervous systems. While the central nervous system exhibited weak staining, the peripheral nervous system showed specifically octopamine-like elements in the palps, peristomium, and body segments. The detected octopamine-like elements were compared with other neurotransmitters in the P. elegans nervous system. Our results contribute to the data on annelid octopaminergic nervous system structure.
Monitoreo a los procesos y síntesis jurisprudencial en materia de restitución de tierras para la reparación de pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Colombia 2011-2020
Authors: Arévalo Mutiz Paula Lucia , Silva Medina Yesit Leonard , Matamoros Sabogal Jose Wilmar
Published: June 2024

El conteo de las víctimas dentro del conflicto armado en Colombia demostró la colosal empresa que significaba reparar a todas las víctimas del conflicto. En medio de esta dinámica, los pueblos y comunidades indígenas han estado expuestas a eventos que los han convertido en víctimas tanto de forma individual como colectiva y, por tal motivo, son susceptibles de ser reparados. Dentro de este contexto, con la Ley 1448 de 2011, el Decreto-Ley 4633 de 2011 y los instrumentos jurídicos concordantes generados en los acuerdos de paz, se han propiciado acciones relevantes de reparación diferencial, y en particular en materia de restitución de tierras, cuya genealogía siempre se relaciona con estos hechos victimizantes: desplazamiento forzado, confinamiento, despojo y abandono de tierras. Este artículo pretende monitorear el estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras, su trayectoria y principales avances en materia administrativa, judicial y posfallo; y realizar una síntesis de las sentencias de los jueces de restitución de tierras durante el periodo 2011-2020. La metodología utilizada corresponde a un estudio cualitativo de corte documental que utiliza como unidades de análisis cifras y datos de fuentes oficiales, así como pronunciamientos judiciales, que permiten determinar el estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras y su evolución jurisprudencial en el periodo mencionado. Como resultado de la investigación se identifican mediante cifras la magnitud de los hechos victimizantes y sus víctimas; de otra parte, se presentan los datos correspondientes al estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras a nivel administrativo y judicial. Finalmente, se sintetizan las decisiones judiciales de los jueces de tierras desde 2011 a 2020, mostrando sus principales fundamentos jurídicos e interpretativos, que identifican patrones de decisión judicial dentro de la restitución de tierras para pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Colombia; sin olvidar las dificultades que se interponen para el pleno restablecimiento de sus derechos, a saber: falta de coordinación institucional, intereses mineros y energéticos, segundos ocupantes, amenazas a la seguridad y reaparición de  nueva situaciones de violencia y apropiación de recursos.
Competitiveness in the agricultural sector: a literature review
Authors: Rodríguez-Mañay Luis Oswaldo , Guaita-Pradas Inmaculada , Marques-Pérez Inmaculada
Published: June 2024

El tema de la competitividad en el sector agrícola se vuelve cada vez más importante en el contexto económico global. Este artículo de revisión de literatura tuvo como objetivo analizar la investigación existente sobre la competitividad en el sector agrícola, proporcionando una visión actualizada de los factores, tendencias y desafíos que la influyen. Se realizó un análisis cienciométrico utilizando Scopus y Web of Science, aplicando técnicas bibliométricas como análisis de redes, mapeo científico y la metodología del Árbol de la Ciencia. Los resultados incluyen un análisis de la evolución de la producción científica, la colaboración entre países y autores, las revistas más destacadas, y la identificación de documentos semillas, estructurales y contemporáneos. Las conclusiones resaltan la contribución al conocimiento existente, el desafío parcial a teorías previas, la necesidad de estudiar el papel de la economía circular y la inteligencia artificial, la importancia de adoptar una perspectiva global, y el suso de un enfoque multidisciplinario e innovadoras herramientas bibliométricas.
Tribute by the Algerian Geologists to Professor Michel Durand-Delga (1923-2012). The geological work of Michel Durand-Delga in Algeria
Authors: Belhai Djelloul , Ouabadi Aziouz
Published: June 2024

Michel Durand-Delga made a success of an outstanding career in geology. His route might be considered as one of a pioneer of a new kind. He set a meticulous rhythm in this discipline of the Earth sciences, particularly in Algeria, the country he loved for its geology, landscapes and population. The first of his fructuous works was published in 1948 on the geology of the ‘Petite Kabylie’ and he continued, for most of his life, to work very closely on this zone which he characterized, in a definitive way, as different from the African continent with at first structural then stratigraphical evidence. He highlighted the Kabylian thrust where the northern domain (internal, also called Kabyle) overlaps a southern domain (external or African). All the geological information that came later, either produced by him or later by his students and opponents, supported this great hypothesis which today has become a reliable paradigm.
Peridotites and mafic igneous rocks at the foot of the Galicia Margin: an oceanic or continental lithosphere? A discussion
Authors: Kornprobst Jacques , Chazot Gilles
Published: June 2024

An ultramafic/mafic complex is exposed on the seafloor at the foot of the Galicia Margin (Spain and Portugal). It comprises various types of peridotites and pyroxenites, as well as amphibole-diorites, gabbros, dolerites and basalts. For chronological and structural reasons (gabbros were emplaced within peridotites before the continental break-up) this unit cannot be assigned to the Atlantic oceanic crust. The compilation of all available petrological and geochemical data suggests that peridotites are derived from the sub-continental lithospheric mantle, deeply transformed during Cretaceous rifting. Thus, websterite dykes extracted from the depleted MORB mantle reservoir (DMM), were emplaced early within the lithospheric harzburgites; subsequent boudinage and tectonic dispersion of these dykes in the peridotites, during deformation stages at the beginning of rifting, resulted in the formation of fertile but isotopically depleted lherzolites. Sterile but isotopically enriched websterites would represent melting residues in the peridotites, after significant partial melting and melt extraction related to the thermal erosion of the lithosphere. The latter melts are probably the source of brown amphibole metasomatic crystallization in some peridotites, as well as of the emplacement of amphibole-diorite dykes. Melts directly extracted from the asthenosphere were emplaced as gabbro within the sub-continental mantle. Mixing these DMM melts together with the enriched melts extracted from the lithosphere provided the intermediate isotopic melt-compositions - in between the DMM and Oceanic Islands Basalts reservoir - observed for the dolerites and basalts, none of which are characterized by a genuine N-MORB signature. An enriched lithospheric mantle, present prior to rifting of the Galicia margin, is in good agreement with data from the Messejana dyke (Portugal) and more generally, with those of all continental tholeiites of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP).
Les “Nummulites carbonifères” comme source de querelles entre Jacques Deprat et Maurice Piroutet sur la stratigraphie de la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Durand-Delga M. , Cherchi A. , Schroeder R.
Published: June 2024

Le problème de l’existence de nummulites pré-tertiaires, très discuté au XIXe siècle, semblait être résolu après que H. B. Brady (1874) eût trouvé dans des échantillons de calcaires carbonifères de la région de Namur (Belgique), recueillis par son collègue belge E. Van den Broeck, de véritables représentants de ce genre, décrits sous le nom de Nummulina pristina. Toutefois, en 1898, Van den Broeck fit état que ces petits nummulites, trouvés «incrustés» dans les mailles des tamis utilisés, résultaient de triages antérieurs de sédiments éocènes. Malheureusement, cette rectification ne trouva que lentement accès dans les traités. C’est en Nouvelle-Calédonie, que “Nummulina pristina du calcaire carbonifère” fut citée par Maurice Piroutet (1903), qui a confié plus tard (vers la fin de 1904) ses lames minces à Jacques Deprat en lui “demandant son avis”. Les premiers résultats de cet examen, publiés dans une note commune (janvier 1905), indiquent l’âge éocène du prétendu Carbonifère de Piroutet, en raison d’une grande abondance d’orthophragmines, résultat confirmé par le professeur Douvillé. Toutefois, sensiblement à la même date (février 1905), Piroutet revendique dans une autre note la priorité dans l’attribution de ces fossiles aux orthophragmines, en limitant le rôle de Deprat à une simple confirmation appuyée par Douvillé. Apparemment chagriné par des phrases de Piroutet tentant de minimiser son rôle dans la datation de l’Éocène, Deprat présenta la même année une longue description de l’Éocène néo-calédonien, interférant avec le projet de thèse de Piroutet, en utilisant du matériel supplémentaire, dont l’origine n’est pas clairement indiquée. Dans sa thèse (1917), Piroutet affirma que ce matériel était le sien, étudié contre son gré par Deprat. Cette remarque a conduit Honoré Lantenois, chef de Deprat en Indochine, à affirmer que celui-ci “avait volé des fossiles de Calédonie à Piroutet” (lettre à Charles Jacob, 4 décembre 1919; fonds Ch. Jacob, Archives de l’Académie des Sciences, Paris).
Técnica de transposição modificada do músculo semitendinoso na reparação de hérnia perineal bilateral em cães
Authors: Barbosa Procássia Maria Lacerda , Matera Julia Maria , Fantoni Denise Tabacchi , Assumpção Thais Cristine Alves de , Queiroz Genilson Fernandes de , Stopiglia Angelo João
Published: June 2024

Perineal hernia (PH) resulting from a weakness and tear of the pelvic muscles of the diaphragm. Repair of the pelvic muscles by surgical repositioning is the curative treatment. To report a modified technique of semitendinosus muscle transposition for perineal hernias treatment. Eleven male dogs were prospectively enrolled to repair perineal hernias incorporating contralateral semitendinosus muscle transposition. The transected muscle was rotated medially through the subcutaneous tunnel ventral to the anus up to the opposite lateral perineum. Ten dogs were neutered and 01 was intact. The mean age was 10.45 years and the mean body weight was 18.52 kg. Five dogs had been previously submitted to perineal herniorrhaphy. Partial wound dehiscence occurred in two dogs. Postoperative complications related to the technique were presented in 7 of 11 dogs. Unilateral recurrence was detected in 8 of 11 dogs. The small number of samples, the absence of a control group and the heterogeneity of breeds make it difficult to reach significant conclusions. The transposition of the semitendinosus muscle through the subcutaneous tunnel is feasible to repair perineal hernias. The technique was unable to reduce complications and recurrence rates. However, provides evidence that can be used to repair cases of bilateral and ventral perineal hernias in dogs.
Status of Helicobacter pylori in Gut Microbiome and Precision Medicine
Authors: Kumar Navin
Published: June 2024

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative, slow-growing
microaerobic bacterium that infects over 50% of the global population. Around 58,000
years ago, H. pylori and humans co-evolved and migrated from East Africa, the
original birthplace of Homo sapiens. Its distinct characteristics, such as urease, helical
structure, and motile flagella, allow it to survive in the human stomach under stressful
conditions. The occurrence of H. pylori in the stomach can be beneficial or detrimental
to human health, depending on the host's genetic vulnerability, immunity, and
environmental factors. Although most of the H. pylori-infected patients are
asymptomatic, about 20% develop stomach illnesses such as peptic ulcer (10-15%),
gastric adenocarcinoma (1-3%), and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
lymphoma that is common to aged people. People who do not have H. pylori infection,
on the other hand, are predisposed to a variety of diseases, including gastric esophageal
disease (GERD), oesophageal cancer, diabetes mellitus, and asthma. Clinical symptoms
in infected patients vary significantly geographically due to the high level of genetic
variation in the bacterial genome and the presence of numerous virulence factors. The
entire sickness is treated by eradicating H. pylori with antibiotics and proton pump
inhibitors. However, the rise in antibiotic resistance and a lack of effective vaccinations
make it tough to combat the infection. This chapter aims to shed light on host-pathogen
interactions by analysing the bacterium's persistence and pathogenesis in the context of
human health and precision medicine.
Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents and Personalized Medicine
Authors: Tabassum Baby , Hashim Mohammad
Published: June 2024

India has a rich tradition of the use of herbal medicine since the time
immemorial. The treatment using plant-based medicaments became possible owing to
the rich medicinal plant biodiversity. Several spices used on a regular basis in food
preparation offer protection from a variety of ailments. Further, food consumption in
different parts of the country has evolved based on culture, tradition, weather, and
availability of resource materials. In a rural set-up, generally, the food is cruder but
natural and thus healthier. Food harnessing and garnishing have become a standard
practice to enhance the taste and look. Some of the herbs are used directly as food
whereas others as food additives. Simultaneously, a large number of phytoconstituents
have been characterized for their medicinal properties. In this chapter, we report on
Phytoconstituents used for herbal formulation and discuss their therapeutic potential in
human diseases. It is envisaged that such information would be of great use for
ameliorating diseases ensuring better health complementing the concept of
personalized medicine.
Nanomaterials in Precision Medicine
Authors: Chaurasia Radhika , Jain Akshay A. , Mukherjee Monalisa
Published: June 2024

The exigency for the most accurate form of diagnosis and treatment to
challenge the failure of evidence-based medicine unlocked new avenues for tailored
treatment. Precision Medicine encompasses the novel techniques and methods of
therapy considering the genetic complexity, variations, and mutations in the human
population. Recent advances in nanotechnology have paved a new path in therapeutics.
The fusion of Precision Medicine with cutting-edge nanotechnology has offered unique
headways into the healthcare management system. Novel approaches of nanoparticle
synthesis and drug delivery techniques to cure heterogeneous populations with varied
genetic alterations is now possible through precision medicine. This chapter highlights
the promising role of nanomaterials in precision oncology where conventional therapy
dwindles. Moreover, we discuss the emerging scope of precision medicine in dentistry
to cure genetic diseases. Cystic fibrosis, which was once a nightmare, is now
completely curable with the boon of Precision Nanomedicine. Precision medicine has
revolutionized the medical world with a ray of hope to achieve the pinnacle of human
health.
Nanotechnology, Drug Delivery and Prospects in Precision Medicine
Authors: Ali Rafat , Adil Mohd , Sultan Armiya , Khan Nida Jamil , Ishrat Romana
Published: June 2024

Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the field of drug delivery
by enabling targeted and controlled release of drugs within the body. This article
provides an overview of the current state of the art in nanotechnology-based drug
delivery systems and their potential applications. It discusses the various types of
nanoparticles that are currently being used or developed for drug delivery, including
liposomes, dendrimers, and polymeric nanoparticles, and highlights their advantages
and disadvantages. It also covers some of the key challenges and risks associated with
the use of nanotechnology in drug delivery, such as toxicity and regulatory issues.
Finally, the article explores the future prospects of nanotechnology in drug delivery and
highlights some of the areas where further research and development are needed.
Overall, the article demonstrates that nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems hold
great promise for improving the efficacy and safety of drug treatments and that ongoing research in this field has the potential to transform the way we approach drug
delivery in the future. Finally, it's envisaged that this technology will facilitate the
augmentation of precision medicine for better human health care across the spectrum of
diseases.
Estimation green space in Yogyakarta City in the year of 2002-2019 using NDVI approach
Authors: Nucifera Fitria , Wijaya Putra Cornelius Deni , Afidah Sakinatul , Astuti Sola Tri
Published: June 2024

Increasing the number of population which then has an impact on increasing the growth of land use change that will reduce the area of vegetation inevitable for urban areas, one of them is the City of Yogyakarta. Measurement of the availability of green space in this study utilizes remote sensing technology with NDVI analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the estimated density of green space constituents and spatial distribution patterns of potential green space locations in the city of Yogyakarta using Landsat 7 ETM + satellite imagery data for 2002 and Landsat 8 OLI in 2019 with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. Based on the Minister of Public Works Regulation on Guidelines for Provision and Utilization of Green Open Space in Urban Areas (05 / PRT / M / 2008), it explains that the proportion of green open space in urban areas is at least 30%. But from 2002 to 2019, Yogyakarta City which has an area of 32.84 km² was only able to meet the proportion of green space by 13.50% for 2002 and 10.53% for 2019. Then for 17 years Yogyakarta City has not met the minimum standard of green open space proportions.
Pemodelan Rute Optimal Berbasis SIG Terhadap Sistem Pengangkutan Sampah Kota Bandung dalam Mengantisipasi Pemanfaatan Rencana TPPAS Legok Nangka
Authors: Haratua Satriandi , Kameswara Byna
Published: June 2024

Pengoperasian TPPAS Legok Nangka sebagai pengganti TPA Sarimukti mempengaruhi sistem pengangkutan sampah Kota Bandung yang wajib menggunakan SPA sebagai tempat transit bagi truk pengangkut sampah sebelum dilanjutkan ke TPA tujuan. Terdapat 2 lokasi SPA yang beroperasi yaitu SPA Gedebage dan SPA Leuwigajah. Pemodelan rute dilakukan berdasarkan 3 lokasi tujuan dari setiap model, yang diproses menggunakan analisis spasial berbasis jaringan menggunakan Network Analyst (NA). Penggunaan NA menghasilkan rute optimal yang memiliki jarak tempuh pendek serta waktu tempuh optimal pada masing-masing pemodelan rute. Pemodelan Rute 1 menunjukkan bahwa dari 82 rute yang dimodelkan terdapat beberapa rute yang belum optimal, sehingga rute tersebut diberikan alternatif berupa pemindahan TPS tujuan ke rute lain yang searah dan dengan jarak antar TPS tujuan 5 km. Hasil pemodelan ulang terhadap rute yang belum optimal pada Pemodelan 1 menghasilkan rute yang memiliki jarak dan waktu tempuh lebih singkat dibandingkan dengan model rute awal. Hasil rute pemodelan 2 dan 3 menunjukkan bahwa Model Rute 2-1 dan Model Rute 3-2 merupakan rute yang optimal untuk menuju ke masing-masing TPA tujuan. Penunjukan TPPAS  Legok Nangka sebagai TPA tujuan dinilai lebih baik bagi Kota Bandung karena memiliki jarak dan waktu tempuh yang lebih singkat dibandingkan TPA Sarimukti.
Hidrogeomorfologi mataair pada peralihan antara Paleovulkan Gajah dan Menoreh di Pegunungan Kulonprogo
Authors: Salsabila Maulana Azkaa , Purwantara Suhadi , Ervin Muhamad
Published: June 2024

Kondisi geomorfologis merupakan faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap lokasi, persebaran, dan kondisi hidrologis mataair. Penelitian ini bertujuan; (1) menggambarkan pola distribusi spasial dan karakteristik mataair berbasis hidrogeomorfologi pada peralihan antara Paleovulkan Gajah dan Menoreh di Pegunungan Menoreh Kulonprogo, (2) mengidentifikasi karakteristik mataair pada peralihan antara Paleovulkan Gajah dan Menoreh di Pegunungan Kulonprogo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksploratif-survei. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara random sampling pada masing-masing satuan unit geomorfologi. Teknik analisis data dibantu dengan analisis geostatistik dan pendekatan keruangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) bentuklahan berperan dalam mengontrol lokasi keberadaan mataair. Pola distribusi spasial mataair di lokasi penelitian bertipe mengelompok. Pengelompokkan ini dikontrol oleh perpotongan topografi, struktur sesar, dan perpotongan hydraulic head pada cekungan airtanah. (2) karakteristik mataair dengan tipe pemunculan paling banyak adalah rheocrene. Rata-rata debit mataair termasuk pada kelas VI. Studi ini memberikan wawasan tentang hidrogeomorfologi Paleovulkan yang karakteristiknya sangat bergantung dari kondisi geomorfologis saat ini.
Analisis tingkat kerawanan banjir Kota Bogor menggunakan metode overlay dan scoring berbasis sistem informasi geografis
Authors: Fauzi Rahmat Al
Published: June 2024

Kota Bogor merupakan salah satu administrasi kota yang dikenal dengan sebutan “Kota Hujan”. Intensitas curah hujan yang tinggi membuat Kota Bogor mendapatkan julukan tersebut. Karena curah hujan yang tinggi Kota Bogor mengalami bencana salah satunya adalah bencana banjir. Selain faktor curah hujan, terdapat faktor lainnya seperti kemiringan lereng, ketinggian lahan, jenis tanah, curah hujan, tutupan lahan dan kerapatan sungai menjadi parameter yang digunakan untuk penelitian tingkat kerawanan banjir. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode overlay dan scoring dari parameter yang ada. Setiap parameter dilakukan proses scoring dan pemberian nilai bobot sesuai dengan klasifikasinya masing-masing. Skor dan bobot dikalikan untuk mendapatkan nilai total dari setiap parameter. Setelah nilai total diperoleh dilakukan overlay menggunakan software ArcGIS 10.5. Software ini berbasis komputer yang artinya memanfaatkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) yang dapat memberikan informasi terkait daerah rawan banjir dalam bentuk digital. Hasil akhir dari penelitian berupa peta rawan banjir dengan luas wilayah yang termasuk ke dalam kategori sangat rawan (46.311 Km2), kategori rawan (45.894 Km2), kategori cukup rawan (15.848 Km2), kategori tidak rawan (4.038 Km2). Curah hujan menjadi parameter dominan yang menyebabkan terjadinya banjir di Kota Bogor. Walaupun memiliki bobot yang lebih kecil dari jenis tanah dan kemiringan lereng namun seluruh wilayah di Kota Bogor memiliki intensitas curah hujan yang sangat tinggi sebesar 3000 mm/tahun. Peta yang dihasilkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang daerah yang rawan akan banjir karena memiliki tingkat validitas yang cukup akurat sebesar 86% dari 36 titik sampel validasi.
Pemanfaatan Foto Udara Multispektral Untuk Sidik Cepat Kerapatan Tutupan Vegetasi Di Wilayah Perkotaan
Authors: Rahmadana Aries Dwi Wahyu
Published: June 2024

Current technology enables NDVI analysis of multispectral aerial photographs, providing fast, detailed actual vegetation cover information. However, no study shows the best threshold value for mapping vegetation cover in urban areas. This study aims 1) to compare the area of vegetation cover on a semi-detailed and detailed scale, and 2) to determine the best NDVI threshold for mapping vegetation cover in urban areas. This study uses multispectral aerial photographs and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery (positioned as the baseline). Aerial imagery and photographs are processed for visible, red, and NIR bands. Band image processing and aerial photographs were used for NDVI analysis. The results show that the best threshold is at NDVI 0.2. The results of the identification of vegetation cover with Sentinel-2 imagery showed an area of 6.37 hectares or 28,2%, while the aerial photos resulted in an area of 11.4 hectares or 50,5%. The difference in area between the two spatial data is due to differences in the resolution of Sentinel-2 imagery with aerial photographs, 4 cm, and 10 m.
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG FUNGSI LINDUNG UNTUK KELESTERIAN LINGKUNGAN DI SUBDAS LOGAWA KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Sarjanti Esti
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAK Pusat pemerintahan Kabupaten Banyumas terletak di wilayah SubDAS Logawa. Hal ini memicu eksploitasi sumber daya alam secara berlebihan dan pembangunan wilayah yang kurang mengindahkan kelestarian lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya dukung fungsi lindung di SubDAS Logawa Kabupaten Banyumas. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menilai daya dukung fungsi lindung dan indeks fungsi lindung (IFL) sebagai kemampuan lindung terhadap daerah aliran sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung fungsi lindung diperloleh nilai sebesar 0,59, artinya bahwa semakin baik sebagai fungsi lindung dan nilai indeks fungsi lindung sebesar 0,75, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan (kualitas) lindung terhadap daerah aliran sungai, cenderung kurang mampu menjaga fungsi keseimbangan tata air dan ganguan dari persoalan banjir, erosi, sedimentasi, serta kekurangan air. Kata kunci : Daya dukung,  kemampuan lindung, fungsi lindung.
Exploring digital-free tourism: Insights from Chinese tourists in Bang Krachao, Thailand
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, International College, Krirk University, Bangkok, Thailand, Qu Mingjing
Published: June 2024

This research examines how Chinese tourists understand and experience 'Digital-Free' tourism in Bang Krachao, Thailand. It uses a detailed approach to gather and analyze opinions, experiences, and thoughts on taking a break from digital devices during their trips. The study methodically collected detailed responses from interviews with 22 Chinese tourists who visited Bang Krachao several times in recent years. The results show that Chinese tourists have a complex view of what it means to travel without using digital technology. Their experiences and thoughts on 'Digital-Free' tourism offer important insights for developing marketing strategies in tourism. This research adds to our knowledge about the role of digital technology in tourism, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, as travel preferences shift towards more significant and health-focused vacations.
Social Media Promotion of Health Tests With Potential for Overdiagnosis or Overuse: Protocol for a Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Nickel Brooke , Heiss Raffael , Shih Patti , Gram Emma Grundtvig , Copp Tessa , Taba Melody , Moynihan Ray , Zadro Joshua
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

In recent years, social media have emerged as important spaces for commercial marketing of health tests, which can be used for the screening and diagnosis of otherwise generally healthy people. However, little is known about how health tests are promoted on social media, whether the information provided is accurate and balanced, and if there is transparency around conflicts of interest.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand and quantify how social media is being used to discuss or promote health tests with the potential for overdiagnosis or overuse to generally healthy people.

METHODS

Content analysis of social media posts on the anti-Mullerian hormone test, whole-body magnetic resonance imaging scan, multicancer early detection, testosterone test, and gut microbe test from influential international social media accounts on Instagram and TikTok. The 5 tests have been identified as having the following criteria: (1) there are evidence-based concerns about overdiagnosis or overuse, (2) there is evidence or concerns that the results of tests do not lead to improved health outcomes for generally healthy people and may cause harm or waste, and (3) the tests are being promoted on social media to generally healthy people. English language text-only posts, images, infographics, articles, recorded videos including reels, and audio-only posts are included. Posts from accounts with <1000 followers as well as stories, live videos, and non-English posts are excluded. Using keywords related to the test, the top posts were searched and screened until there were 100 eligible posts from each platform for each test (total of 1000 posts). Data from the caption, video, and on-screen text are being summarized and extracted into a Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation) spreadsheet and included in the analysis. The analysis will take a combined inductive approach when generating key themes and a deductive approach using a prespecified framework. Quantitative data will be analyzed in Stata SE (version 18.0; Stata Corp).

RESULTS

Data on Instagram and TikTok have been searched and screened. Analysis has now commenced. The findings will be disseminated via publications in peer-reviewed international medical journals and will also be presented at national and international conferences in late 2024 and 2025.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will contribute to the limited evidence base on the nature of the relationship between social media and the problems of overdiagnosis and overuse of health care services. This understanding is essential to develop strategies to mitigate potential harm and plan solutions, with the aim of helping to protect members of the public from being marketed low-value tests, becoming patients unnecessarily, and taking resources away from genuine needs within the health system.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/56899
The Effectiveness of Serious Games as Digital Therapeutics for Enhancing the Abilities of Children with ADHD: A Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: LIn Jing , Chang Woo-Rin
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that often begins in childhood and requires long-term treatment and management. Given the potential adverse effects of medication in children, interest in alternative treatments has grown. Serious games have emerged as promising non-pharmacological interventions for children with ADHD among these alternatives.

OBJECTIVE

This review examines serious games from the past 14 years using Digital Therapeutics (DTx) criteria, assesses user engagement outcomes such as enjoyment and adherence, and analyzes the impact of these games on competencies including attention, social skills, motor skills, and executive functions in children with ADHD.

METHODS

This review was conducted by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The search encompassed five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library, covering January 2010 to January 2024. Studies focused on serious games as Digital Therapeutics to enhance the abilities of children with ADHD were selected. Each publication was evaluated and categorized based on key characteristics such as experiment type, targeted abilities, game software and hardware, publication area, duration, length, and frequency of use. Features from experimental and game designs were systematically tabulated, and the resulting data were analyzed and summarized narratively to assess therapeutic effects.

RESULTS

This review included a total of 29 studies. The review showed that serious gaming interventions might improve attention, social skills, and executive functions. Although findings related to motor skills were inconsistent, somatosensory games that use body movements or gestures as inputs demonstrated higher adherence rates. Additionally, serious games yielded favorable outcomes regarding player enjoyment.

CONCLUSIONS

This review indicates that employing serious games as Digital Therapeutics (DTx) can potentially support ADHD treatment in children by enhancing various competencies, enjoyment, and adherence. Future studies are expected to focus on integrating serious games more broadly into treatment protocols and standardizing research methods.