bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicaciones sociales, retos y desigualdades en la incorporación de la inteligencia artificial en el contexto latinoamericano
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Palazuelos Rojo Isaac de Jesús , Serrano Arenas Denys ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: November 2024

En el presente capítulo se plantea una revisión de diversos estudios realizados en Latinoamérica, referentes al vínculo entre inteligencia artificial (IA) y derechos básicos tales como la salud, educación y justicia. El interés central es dibujar un panorama que permita conocer cómo se han desarrollado los estudios sobre el tema, con el propósito de identificar las principales implicaciones sociales, retos y desigualdades que existen en torno a la incorporación de la IA en el contexto antes mencionado.
A través de este trabajo, se pueden apreciar diversos enfoques de investigación para futuras indagaciones que permiten conocer las implicaciones que tiene la IA sobre la experiencia social en América Latina. En este sentido, se busca contribuir a la discusión de la enorme complejidad política, económica y cultural que determinará las transformaciones futuras de la estructura social en torno a la progresiva y gradual incorporación de procesos automatizados, mediante el empleo de IA en diferentes ámbitos de la vida humana.
Exploración de una perspectiva sistémica alrededor del desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial y su adopción social: la responsabilidad de la academia
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Serrano-Santoyo Arturo
Published: November 2024

Los acontecimientos recientes relacionados con el lanzamiento de herramientas computacionales poderosas basadas en inteligencia artificial (IA) han generado inmensas expectativas y reacciones encontradas sobre la conformación de un futuro cada vez más centrado en determinismo tecnológico (Alan Turing Institute, 2019; McCarthy, 2007; Turing, 1950; Mc-Kinsey y Company, 2023; UN Advisory Body on AI, 2023; National Insti-tute of Standards and Technology, 2023; Altman et al., 2023). Por un lado, los sectores corporativos ven en general con optimismo la transformación profunda que la IA producirá en cuanto a competitividad y productividad empresarial y sus implicaciones sobre el trabajo del futuro y el futuro del trabajo (Acemoglu y Restrepo, 2018).
Fuck the algorithm: Navegando la promesa tecnológica y el impacto social de la IA
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Flores-Garrido Marisol
Published: November 2024

La inteligencia artificial (IA) ha irrumpido con fuerza en tareas tan numerosas como diversas, suscitando una fascinación que puede oscurecer sus límites reales. Desde revolucionar el diagnóstico médico hasta simplificar nuestras tareas diarias, la IA no solo ha enriquecido nuestra vida cotidiana, también ha desatado optimismo y confianza en sus posibilidades. En ese sentido, podemos considerar a la IA como una tecnología carismática, que deriva gran parte de su poder a través de la posibilidad o promesa de acción: importa no solamente lo que sus herramientas son, sino la forma en que afectan nuestra imaginación con las promesas de lo que podrían hacer (Ames, 2019).
Los logros de la IA pueden conducirnos a su adopción precipitada en contextos donde su utilidad no es tan clara, persiguiendo utopías tecnológicas que ignoran las limitaciones de estas herramientas. Ante esta situación, es necesario cultivar una postura crítica tanto en los desarrolladores de sistemas de IA como en la sociedad en su conjunto, quien debe defender el derecho a decidir cómo y cuándo implementar estas tecnologías.
De la tecnofilia a la tecnofobia. Narrativas sobre inteligencia artificial y educación superior
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Fernández Huerta Christian , Méndez-Fierros Hugo ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Caso Niebla Joaquín ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
Published: November 2024

Desde la llegada de la Web 2.0, ninguna tecnología había generado tanto interés y tanta especulación como la inteligencia artificial (IA). Al igual que con el Internet, este interés acompañado de incertidumbre, no fue de la noche a la mañana, fue un largo proceso que llevó al reconocimiento y en algunos casos la adopción generalizada de estas tecnologías entre grandes sectores de la población. Sin embargo, hay momentos de inflexión que podemos identificar cuando en la convergencia de los objetos materiales, las prácticas y las narrativas sobre algunas tecnologías digitales, hay un cisma o quiebre que modifica la manera en que entendemos y nos relacionamos con estas tecnologías. Para la IA esto ocurrió en el 2019, con la introducción del modelo de lenguaje llamado Chat GPT en su tercera versión. El Generative Pre-Trained Transformer o Chat GPT, por sus siglas en inglés, permitió que la IA tuviera interacciones fluidas con un lenguaje natural a través de una interfaz amigable.
Inteligencia artificial y derecho: El dilema entre la formalización y la aproximación
Authors:   Facultad de Derecho Mazatlán - Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa, Niebla Zatarain Jesús Manuel , Niebla Zatarain Virginia Berenice ,   Tecnológico Nacional de México - Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Los Cabos, Armienta Hernández Gonzalo ,   Facultad de Derecho Culiacán - Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa
Published: November 2024

La ciencia computacional se ha convertido en un componente de la vida social. Como parte de esto, una de los sectores tecnológicos de mayor trascedencia es la inteligencia artificial (IA), la cual ha dado lugar al dearrollo de dispositivos capaces de replicar el razonamiento humano implementado para la resolución de problemas concretos. En este sentido, una de las áreas de implementación más importantes es el derecho, no solo desde una perspectiva regulatoria, sino en el desarrollo de tecnología capaz de mejorar la función judicial como la operación legítima de dichos dispositivos.
No obstante, la primera etapa de colaboración entre estos sectores resultó evidente que el método de representación de razonamiento legal basado en lógica simbólica, si bien era eficiente en términos descriptivos, era poco práctico en términos técnicos. Esto, ya que requería un volumen considerable de recursos para operar, lo que a su vez lo volvía lento y poco atractivo para su implementación fuera de la academia.
La inteligencia artificial y sus beneficios en una agricultura sostenible
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Méndez García Oscar
Published: November 2024

El sector agrícola es de gran importancia para todos los países. Con el incremento de la población se espera que la demanda alimenticia aumente de manera considerable para el año 2050 (Shariff et al., 2022). Por lo mismo, la producción de este sector es un tema relevante, en virtud de todos los bienes que se producen en las actividades agrícolas, que va desde la preparación de la tierra, cuidado de semillas, cultivos de alimentos, proceso de cosecha, uso de suelo y agua, así como el impacto en el medioambiente. La gestión eficiente de estos recursos ha provocado una transformación tecnológica del sector agrícola con la finalidad de incrementar la producción, disminuir los costos y responder a la alta demanda de manera sostenible con los recursos disponibles.
El uso de herramientas tecnológicas y de la información para la intervención e investigación en la neuropsicología
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Avilés Reyes Rubén , Arias Chávez Edgar Adrián ,   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Sánchez Betancourt Javier Tadeo ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAM
Published: November 2024

El contacto que las personas tienen hoy en día con las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) es innegable. Este se da de distintas formas, quizá el más común es el uso del celular, que más que comunicarnos con otros a través de una llamada (como tradicionalmente era su función), actualmente permite acceder al mundo de la información, a través de las diversas funciones que hoy cumple. Las TIC no son exclusivas de un sector en particular, cualquiera con un dispositivo electrónico y con el uso del internet, puede acceder a la información de cualquier índole, en cualquier lugar y en cualquier momento. Las TIC no solo han servido para funciones recreativas, educativas o laborales, también son implementadas en investigaciones e intervenciones en el campo de la salud mental, como es el caso de quienes trabajan en el campo neuropsicológico.
PENGARUH LATAR BELAKANG EKONOMI ORANG TUA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII DI SMP ABDI KARYA KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Joy Noya Saputra Daeli  , Luluh Abdillah Kurniawan  , Irvia Eriza
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh latar belakang ekonomi orang tua terhadap prestasi belajar siswa di SMP Abdi Karya. Latar belakang ekonomi yang dimaksud mencakup pendapatan, pendidikan, dan pekerjaan orang tua.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain  survei. Sampel terdiri dari 52 siswa yang diambil dari populasi siswa di satu sekolah  menengah di Bekasi, yang memiliki total populasi 28 dan 24 siswa di sekolah Abdi  Karya. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang dirancang untuk  mengukur latar belakang ekonomi dan prestasi belajar anak. Analisis dilakukan  dengan regresi linier untuk menguji hubungan antara variabel. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan antara latar belakang ekonomi  orang tua dan prestasi belajar siswa, dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,35, yang berarti 35%  variasi prestasi belajar dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor ekonomi orang tua. Temuan ini  menegaskan pentingnya dukungan ekonomi dalam meningkatkan prestasi  akademik siswa.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK DALAMEKSTRAKULIKULER SENI KARAWITAN DI SMPN 1 DAWARBLANDONG MOJOKERTO
Authors: Jefri Renaldi Putra Ansori
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran ekstrakurikuler seni karawitan di SMPN 1 Dawarblandong Mojokerto melalui pendekatan berbasis proyek. Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengenalan bertahap terhadap berbagai instrument karawitan, penjadwalan fleksibel, dan penerapan teknik drill untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji peran guru dalam memfasilitasi proses belajar melalui metode demonstrasi dan pemantauan yang intensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan sistematis dalam pembelajaran dan evaluasi yang melibatkan pihak luar, seperti tokoh seniman, berkontribusi signifikan terhadap perkembangan keterampilan dan kedisiplinan siswa. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan baru mengenai pentingnya kolaborasi antara institusi pendidikan dan komunitas seni dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang inspiratif dan produktif.
Metode Projecting Dalam Pelatihan Karya Musik "Telaga Ngebel" di SMPN 2 Ngrayun Kabupaten Ponorogo
Authors: Andrea Rudi Saputra  , Joko Winarko
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui langkah-langkah penerapan dan hasil penerapan Metode Projecting dalam pelatihan karya musik Telaga Ngebel di SMPN 2 Ngrayun Kabupaten Ponorogo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang dituangkan dalam bentuk deskripsi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara narasumber, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi yang dimiliki oleh sekolah. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana penerapan sintaks atau tahapan-tahapan metode projecting yang berupa Penentuan proyek, Perancangan proyek, Perancangan langkah penyelesaian proyek, penyusunan jadwal pelaksanaan proyek, Penyelesaian proyek dengan fasilitas dan monitoring guru, penyusunan laporan & presentasi proyek, Evaluasi proses dan hasil proyek, dimana semua itu terjadi dalam sebuah proses kreatif pelatihan karya musik “Telaga Ngebel”.
PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KARYA SENI RUPA MONTASE PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS III MIS AL- ANSHAR ALAK
Authors: Eta Parera, dkk Moh. Mul Akbar
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this PKM is to use montage fine arts to develop the creativity of students in class III. The location of the activities was MIS AL-Anshar Alak. The stages of planning, implementing, and evaluating are the methodology employed. The activities' outcomes demonstrate that every student was able to participate in PKM activities with a great deal of zeal and excitement. Students can convey and clarify their thoughts through montages. By showing their friends their montage works, students can improve their language and communication skills. Students can learn to recognize and communicate their emotions through the process of making a montage. Students' self-confidence can rise when they are successful in producing original montage pieces. All things considered, montage exercises can be a useful tool to support the cognitive, motor, elementary school pupils' creative, and social-emotional development.
CLASSICAL MATH CORNER: AKTIVASI MEDIA MATEMATIKA MANIPULATIF KONKRET BERBANTUAN MUSIK KLASIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH INKLUSI
Authors: Indah Cahya Dewi Gek Ayu Prabha , Dewi Ni Made Sukma , Dewi Putu Apsari , Putri Ningrat I Gusti Agung Melia , Widnyani Wayan Ari
Published: November 2024

Media pembelajaran memainkan peran penting dalam menunjang proses pembelajaran. Pada sekolah inklusi, siswa reguler dan siswa berkebutuhan khusus berada pada kelas reguler bersama dengan teman-teman seusianya dengan pembelajaran yang sama. Keterbatasan media pembelajaran dapat menjadi hambatan serius yang berdampak pada rendahnya minat dan hasil belajar siswa di sekolah inklusi, khususnya SD Kuncup Bunga. Oleh karena itu, media pembelajaran yang manipulatif konkret sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang proses belajar siswa inklusi, terutama dalam pengembangan pemahaman konsep-konsep matematika secara konkret. Rendahnya minat belajar dan hasil belajar siswa juga dipengaruhi oleh kurangnya konsentrasi siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Maka dari itu, penggunaan musik klasik dalam proses pembelajaran dapat digunakan sebagai solusi dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar serta memberikan suasana tenang kepada siswa terutama siswa yang berkebutuhan khusus. Melalui program Classical Math Corner, akan dilakukan pelatihan mengenai cara pembuatan dan cara penggunaan alat peraga matematika, serta diadakannya pelatihan dalam menerapkan pembelajaran matematika menggunakan media matematika manipulatif konkret (alat peraga matematika) yang dalam penggunaannya disertai dengan mendengarkan iringan musik klasik. Metode pelaksanaan Classical Math Corner meliputi 4 (empat) tahapan, yaitu Classical Math Corner Discussion, Classical Math Corner Ready, Classical Math Corner Practice, dan Classical Math Corner Active. Hasil pelaksanaan program Classical Math Corner, yakni mampu meningkatkan minat dan capaian hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika, dan mampu meningkatkan kualitas media pembelajaran di SD Kuncup Bunga. Melalui program ini, diharapkan siswa dapat merasakan manfaat nyata berupa pengalaman belajar yang inklusif, efektif, dan menyenangkan.
PEMANFAATAN ALAT MUSIK TRADISIOANAL RINDIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG DAN KREASI SENI SISWA TUNANETRA
Authors: Ni Kadek Oppi Swandari, Gede Wisnu Budipratama, dkk
Published: November 2024

Media pembelajaran matematika berbentuk visual auditori sangat penting untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran siswa tunanetra. Keterbatasan media pembelajaran matematika eksploratif yang mendukung menyebabkan rendahnya kemampuan berhitung dasar matematika siswa tunanetra, khususnya di SLB Negeri 1 Buleleng. Hal ini berdampak pada rendahnya capaian hasil belajar siswa. Selain itu, belum adanya kegiatan seni bermain alat musik tradisional menyebabkan kurang tersalurkannya minat dan bakat siswa tunanetra dalam seni tradisional. Atas dasar itu, diperlukan suatu program pelatihan dan pendampingan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa tunanetra dalam berhitung dasar matematika dan kreativitas seni tradisional dengan memanfaatkan alat musik tradisional Rindik melalui Harmoni Edukasi dalam program PKM-PM. Metode pelaksanaan Harmoni Edukasi meliputi tahapan Discussion for Harmony, Ready for Harmony, Practice for Harmony, Active for Harmony, dan Show Art for Harmony dengan melibatkan 9 siswa tunanetra. Hasil pelaksanaan Program Harmoni Edukasi, yakni (1) telah mampu membuat media pembelajaran interaktif untuk berhitung dasar matematika dengan menggunakan rindik bagi siswa tunanetra; (2) telah mampu membantu siswa tunanetra dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam berhitung dasar matematika dan kreasi seni tradisional; dan (3) meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa tunanetra. Keberlanjutan program Harmoni Edukasi dilakukan oleh kelompok guru mentor, tim PKM, sekolah, dan mitra di bawah koordinasi Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Buleleng. Program Harmoni Edukasi melibatkan kolaborasi antara pendidik, musisi lokal, dan ahli pendidikan khusus untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang mendukung dan inklusif bagi siswa tunanetra.
ADAKAH KONTRIBUSI PROYEK PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN POTENSI BULLYING?
Authors: Arrosikh  , Murzal  , Rismah Neliyana
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam mencegah bullying di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Penggalian data menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan prinsip triangulasi yaitu dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancara. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri Lombok Barat. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa implementasi P5 dilakukan proses manajemen yang lengkap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Proses-proses tersebut dilakukan dengan menganalisa kesiapan tema, menetapkan tim fasilitator, dan rencana tindak lanjut. Selanjutnya adalah faktor pendukung implementasi diantaranya yaitu ketersediaan sumber daya sekolah berpengalaman dan support kepala sekolah, sementara faktor pemnghambatnya adalah sebagian guru masih belum memahami kurikulum secara komperhensif.
Financial Inclusion among the people of below Poverty Line: An Empirical Study
Authors: Md. Faruk Ahmed  , Shahin Shaker
Published: November 2024

Financial inclusion is considered a critical factor contributing to a new pattern of economic growth that enhances people's access to financial services. It plays a vital role in alleviating unemployment and poverty within the economy. The analysis is based on a review of several studies on financial inclusion conducted over the years. It synthesizes the emergence of financial inclusion in India, highlighting various factors that continuously impact people's standards of living and, ultimately, the country's economic growth. Examining the aspects of financial inclusion among those living below the poverty line (BPL) is the goal of this study. Despite the fact that universal financial inclusion is still a way off, financial institutions are currently the main drivers of economic growth and development in India.
Analisis Pelaporan Selisih Kurs dan Pengelolaan Risiko Akibat Transaksi Mata Uang Asing pada PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk
Authors: Niril Hemayanti  , Puteri Erin Wulandari  , Rahila Muyassaroh  , Novia Rizki
Published: November 2024

Abstract : This study aims to analyze how the reporting of exchange rate differences and risk management due to foreign currency transactions at PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The type of data used is a literature study obtained from the financial statements of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk in 2023 and previous relevant studies. The results of this study indicate that. PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk uses PSAK 10 which has now been changed to PSAK 221 to describe its account entities into rupiah. In the financial statements of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk, monetary assets are recorded and converted into rupiah at the closing rate, namely the December 31 exchange rate. Then expenses and income or accounts in Profit/Loss are recorded using the average rate and each exchange rate difference is recorded differently.
Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pelaporan selisih kurs dan pengelolaan risiko akibat transaksi mata uang asing pada PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis data yang digunakan merupakan studi literatur yang diperoleh dari laporan keuangan PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk tahun 2023 dan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa. PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk menggunakan PSAK 10 yang saat ini diubah menjadi PSAK 221 untuk menjabarkan akun-akun entitasnya ke mata uang rupiah. Dalam laporan keuangan PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk, aset moneter dicatat dan diubah ke dalam mata uang rupiah dengan kurs penutup yaitu kurs 31 Desember. Kemudian beban dan pendapatan atau akun-akun pada Laba/ Rugi dicatat menggunakan kurs rata-rata dan setiap perbedaan kurs dicatat secara berbeda.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Debt Maturity Suatu Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Properti dan Real Estate yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Dimas Pratama Putra  , Syahyuni  , Dita Marisa Putri
Published: November 2024

Abstract : This study is intended to determine how the influence between Tax Aggressiveness, Profitability, and Company Size on Debt Maturity. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study amounted to 24 companies in the property and real estate sector listed on the IDX in 2020-2022. The data analysis method in this study is multiple linear regression using the SPSS 25 program. The results found that simultaneously Tax Aggressiveness, Profitability, and Firm Size have a significant effect on Debt Maturity. Then the results of partial research also show that Tax Aggressiveness, Profitability, and Company Size have a significant effect on Debt Maturity. This is evidenced by the significance value of the three variables is smaller than 0.05 (<0.05).
Abstrak : Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh antara Agresivitas Pajak, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Debt Maturity. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini  berjumlah 24 perusahaan pada sektor properti dan real estate yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2020-2022. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi linier berganda dengan menggunakan program SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa secara simultan Agresivitas Pajak, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Debt Maturity. Kemudian hasil penelitian yang dilakukan secara parsial juga menunjukkan bahwa Agresivitas Pajak, Profitabilitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Debt Maturity. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikansi dari ketiga variabel tersebut lebih kecil dari 0,05 (<0,05).
Deploying FRP Optimally in the Process of Strengthening Concrete Structures
Authors: Sadigh Sarabi Mohammad
Published: November 2024

FRPs are lightweight, durable, and resistant materials that are easily available to engineers today. FRP materials are insulated in magnetic environments and do not have corrosion problems, so by using these materials, the corrosion problem of concrete structures can be avoided. Also, these materials have superior characteristics such as high tensile strength, which makes their use as reinforcement of concrete structures suitable. It should be mentioned that, like any material, FRPs have weak points such as sensitivity to fire and weakness in bearing compressive stresses, as well as high price. In examining the effect of the installation angle of the GFRP rod; It was found that the shear reinforcement of reinforced concrete beam by NSM method with the same number and the same installation distance of GFRP rods, the arrangement of the rods with an angle of 45 degrees, has the greatest effect compared to the angles of 60 and 90 degrees It was also found that with the same amount of GFRP and the same installation distance, the arrangement of GFRP bars with an angle of 60 degrees is more effective than 90 degrees. Investigating the effect of the number and distance of GFRP rod installation showed that in the shear strengthening of the reinforced concrete beam by NSM method with the same installation angle of GFRP rod, using a rod with smaller dimensions and less distance has a greater effect on the efficiency of the reinforced beam.
Through What Factors does Polymer Concrete have Mechanical Resistance?
Authors: Aghazadeh Dizaji Ali
Published: November 2024

Polymer as an option to achieve this goal (improvement of concrete properties) has been considered for several decades. Polymer materials are used in both ways to improve the properties of concrete. Solid and hardened polymer materials in the form of fibers (such as polypropylene) or FRP rebars reinforce concrete. The process of polymerization and hardening is carried out in manufacturing factories, and materials with specific characteristics are provided to the user. Boron, carbon, glass, and polyamide are the most important materials from which fibers are made. Carbon FRP (CFRP) and glass (GFRP) rebars are made of fibers with a matrix of polymeric materials (such as epoxy). In addition to the use of fibers (polymer composites) in civil engineering in other fields such as aerospace engineering (making shuttles), transportation (making cars and airplanes), sports goods (making rackets and ski sticks), machinery and tools (turbine blades, gears), etc. are used. Non-solid polymer materials can be used to improve the quality of concrete. These materials harden during concrete processing and improve the resistance properties of concrete by forming networks intertwined with the cement network. Polymer injection concrete (PIC) and polymer cement concrete (PCC) are among these. The type of polymer and its mixing percentage are very effective on the final strength of concrete. Active research and development of concrete-polymer composites in Germany, America, England, Japan, and Russia began approximately 80 years ago and now they are widely used in various applications. For example, the volume of polymer used only in polymer-cement mortar (PCC) in Japan at the end of the 20th century has reached more than 100,000 tons per year.
An Overview Study of the Baladiya Square in Benghazi City- Libya
Authors:   University of Benghazi - Faculty of Engineering – Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Gumma Fathea. A. , Trabelsi Zoha. G. ,   University of Benghazi - Faculty of Engineering – Department of Architecture and Urban Planning
Published: November 2024

Baladiya Square is one of the most important squares in the city of Benghazi, representing the cultural and social heart of the city. It has served as a significant site for historical events that have shaped the city. The square is home to numerous historical buildings of architectural value that outline its boundaries and define its character, dating back to various historical periods. Among these is Al-Atiq Mosque, which dates back to the early Ottoman period and serves as the primary and front-facing element of the square. The Baladiya building, from the era of Italian occupation, along with historic residential buildings exhibiting a unified architectural language, contributes to the square's unique character. Over time, the square has been a meeting point for the local community, serving as a gathering place for writers, poets, and intellectual elites of the city. However, in recent decades, the square has experienced significant changes that have diminished its cultural role. It has transformed into a bustling marketplace filled with shops displaying goods on the sidewalks, negatively impacting pedestrian movement and distorting the overall image of the square. The aim of this study is to explore the Baladiya Square in Benghazi, highlighting its significance as an important urban space that serves as a hub for human interaction. It is a place where activities and recreational pursuits take place, contributing to the strengthening of social bonds and community cohesion.
Keywords: Benghazi City, Public Squares, Baladiya Square, Old Mosque, Baladiya Building.
Urban Applications of Deep Learning: Potholes Detection Using YOLOv10 Model in Al-Bayda, Libya
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Engineering, Omar Al Mukhtar University, Al Bayda-Libya, Senussi Galal H. , Hiba Radwan A. ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty Engineering, Omar Al Mukhtar University, Al Bayda-Libya
Published: November 2024

The city of Al Bayda is a regional center with many agricultural villages that lie in the northeast of Libya. Poor road maintenance, reaching the end of their service life, and high traffic loads have led to a marked deterioration in the condition of the city's roads. This research used open-source data from Kartaview and OSM (OpenStreetMap) integrated with YOLO (You Only Look Once) object detection model to detect potholes in the city's road network. Therefore, this study aims on improving road safety and efficiency related to maintenance, using volunteer-generated geospatial data along with the latest YOLOv10 model, to create a scalable and reliable method of pothole detection. Results Confirm image diversity and accurate annotation are crucial in model training to achieve mAP (Mean Average Precision) above 50%. This identifies an effective tool for pothole detection that may be scalable in the context of urban infrastructure management and is a cost-effective approach that can ensure traffic safety and early maintenance actions while reducing the environmental impact of vehicle downtime.
Keywords: YOLO, Deep Learning, Pothole Detection, Infrastructure Management, Kartaview, OpenStreetMap (OSM).
Comprehensive Evaluation of LDA, NMF, and BERTopic's Performance on News Headline Topic Modeling
Authors: Babalola Olusola , Ojokoh Bolanle , Boyinbode Olutayo
Published: November 2024

Topic modeling is an integral text mining component, employing diverse algorithms to uncover hidden themes within texts. This study examines the comparative performance of prominent topic modeling techniques on news headlines, which is characterized by brevity and specific linguistic style. Given the corpus originates from a non-native English-speaking country, an additional layer of complexity is introduced to the task. Our research explores the feasibility of employing a committee approach for topic modeling, evaluating the efficacy and challenges of various methods in practical settings. We applied three techniques—Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), and BERTopic—to create models with a fixed number of topics (n=40). These models were then tested on approximately 150,000 news headlines. To assess topic coherence, we utilized Word2Vec, human evaluators, and two large language models. Statistical tests confirmed the significance and impact of our findings. BERTopic demonstrated superior coherence compared to NMF, though slightly, but consistently outperformed NMF and LDA according to human and LLM evaluations. The notable disparity in LDA's performance relative to BERTopic and NMF underscores the importance of carefully selecting a topic modeling technique, as the choice can significantly influence the outcome of the analysis.
Acute effects of static-stretching on the shoulder joint-position sense: A randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Azevedo Joana , Sousa Joana , Moreira-Silva Isabel , Cardoso Ricardo , Seixas Adérito
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The influence of static-stretching on variables like shoulder muscle strength has been addressed in different sports. However, its effect on the joint-position sense is poorly investigated.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of static-stretching on the shoulder-joint position sense of overhead athletes.
Methodology: A three-period block-randomized controlled crossover trial was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 at a rehabilitation and health research laboratory with 17 competitive overhead athletes (9 males and 8 females), aged between 18 and 30 years, with normal range of motion of shoulder flexion. Excluded were those with history of shoulder injury in the last 6 months, and with positive shoulder integrity tests. In random order, all participants performed 3 conditions: control (5-minute rest), and a 30s or 90s static-stretching of muscles around the shoulder. Before and immediately after these conditions, position sense was tested through active repositioning to 110º of flexion, with a video camera, and described as absolute, relative and variable angular errors.
Results: A significant increase was only found in the absolute angular errors of the static-stretching of 30s condition between the initial assessment and after the static-stretching (p=0.015). However, no differences between conditions were found (p=0.874).
Conclusion: Results suggest that static-stretching may have acute effects on the shoulder joint-position sense, appearing to be harmful when performed for 30s, but innocuous when performed for 90s.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID - NCT06226974
The Role of Leadership and Organizational Culture towards Increasing the Visitor Satisfaction in the Greek Museums
Authors: Kopsidas Odysseas , Maska Laura , Zacharioudakis Nikolaos Christos
Published: November 2024

The goal of this paper is to determine how Leadership and Organizational Culture can positively affect Visitor Satisfaction in the museums of Athens, Greece in the midst of a serious financial crisis. The clear objectives of this study are: firstly, to assess the impact of the different types of Leadership on Visitor Satisfaction in Greek Museums. Secondly, to determine how important is Organizational Culture in terms of influencing Visitor Satisfaction in Greek Museums, furthermore, to analyze the combined effects, if any, of Leadership and Organizational Culture on Visitor Satisfaction. The survey utilized both qualitative and quantitative types of research and was separated in three parts. Leadership and Visitor Satisfaction were analyzed with quantitative means, with leadership questionnaires being distributed to museum employees for the assessment of each museum’s leadership style, while, visitor satisfaction questionnaires were dispatched to museum visitors asking them what their experience from the museum they had just visited was along with which are, according to their personal opinion, the most important features of a “perfect” museum. On the other side of the spectrum, organizational culture was examined through qualitative means, more specifically interviews, in which nine museum employees were asked their personal opinion concerning notions based on museum culture theories. As far as visitor satisfaction is concerned a clear bottom-line was drawn, with straight forward conclusions as to which factors are the most important for highly satisfied visitors.
The Effect of Project Based Blended Learning on Visual Literacy Skills
Authors: Subastian Eko , Nursalim Moch. , Bachri Bachtiar S.
Published: November 2024

The goal of this study is to determine the test's outcomes, including the effects of learning motivation, direct instruction, and the project-based learning model on the learning outcomes for visual literacy skills. A 2x2 factorial design was used in this experimental study. This study's subject is the eighth grade at SMPN 13 Samarinda City, which consists of four 120-student classes. The experiment's target subjects are selected using classical randomization, which consists of four classes. The Analysis of Variant (Anova) statistical test was utilized to assess the study's hypothesis. The computation's outcomes demonstrate that: In light of the analysis's findings in this study, The utilization of the Project Based Learning Model and the direct instruction approach has a substantial impact on the learning outcomes for the Visual Literacy Skill. The F calculation of 151,261 with sig = 0.000 < 0.05 illustrates this. This indicates that (1) the adoption of the Project Based Learning Model and the direct instruction technique has an impact on the learning outcomes of visual literacy skill, and (2) learning motivation has no impact on those same learning outcomes. The goal of F = 16,149 with sig = 0.000 > 0.05 demonstrates this. This indicates that learning motivation has no effect on the outcomes of learning visual literacy skills, and that the usage of the PBBL model, direct instruction, and gender do not interact to affect these outcomes. F calculates =14,351 with sig = 0.000 > 0.05. This indicates that the learning model's ability to affect the learning outcomes for visual literacy skills is independent of learning motivation.
Influence of Silicon Application Timing on the Performance of Rice Under Limited Water Supply
Authors: Hayatullah
Published: November 2024

The beneficial impact of Silicon (Si) in mitigating diverse abiotic stresses, such as drought stress, has been extensively recorded across various crops. A pot experiment was conducted at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, to evaluate the performance of a popular Thai rice variety (RD57) commonly cultivated in Thailand's central plains under three soil moisture levels as affected by five Si application timings. Si was added to the soil at 300 kg Si ha–1. Reduced water supply (75% field capacity [FC] and 50% FC) caused lengthening of the growth period with reduced yield and its components. Si application resulted in an enhanced root and shoot growth irrespective of application timings, compared with the control. However, Si application with split doses of 25% at basal, 50% at panicle initiation (PI), and 25% at the heading stage was found to be the most effective. Even under severe water stress, more root growth and panicle numbers were found during this application timing. Si absorption was also found more for all application timings than the control; however, the same application timing resulted in the highest absorption (8.62%). A strong positive correlation was observed between Si uptake and grain and straw yield under all moisture-deficient conditions. Si application can be recommended in split doses for rice cultivation under a limited water supply.
Climate Change, Government Agricultural Expenditure, and Agricultural Growth Nexus in Afghanistan: An Investigation with FMOLS and DOLS Approaches
Authors: Hemat Waheedullah
Published: November 2024

Agriculture is one of the main providers to Afghanistan’s economy. Since 2002, the government, in collaboration with donor organizations and the private sector, has undertaken various projects in the agricultural industry. However, a notable upsurge in atmospheric CO2 emissions has resulted in significant climate change influences in contemporary decades. Therefore, this article examines the causal association between climate change, government agricultural expenditure, and agricultural growth in Afghanistan from 2002 to 2020. Despite evidence that climate change may be a primary driver of Afghanistan’s agricultural production decline, no specific studies have addressed this matter comprehensively. This article’s empirical investigation reveals a negative association between CO2 emissions and agricultural production, indicating that rising emissions are linked to decreased agricultural output, subsequently impacting Afghanistan’s agricultural growth. Both theoretical considerations and empirical findings highlight the importance of adopting clean and green energy solutions and technologies to mitigate pollution in Afghanistan. Furthermore, the research underscores that the impacts of carbon dioxide emissions on agriculture production exhibit robust long-term dynamics, contributing to the heterogeneity of the findings. Additionally, the study establishes a positive correlation between government agricultural expenditure and agricultural production. Consequently, it is strongly recommended that the Afghan government take proactive initiatives to enhance the agricultural sector. This can be accomplished by allocating more financial resources and implementing projects that promise long-term benefits for the country’s agricultural development.
Self-Sufficiency Strategies of Extension Workers to Protect Citrus Fruits from Fruit Flies in Bati Kot District, Nangarhar-Afghanistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Zafarullah , Hidayat Salahuddin , Khan Ayesha , Kazimi Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Fruit flies are a severe pest for citrus fruits, attracted to the scent of citrus and often carrying bacteria, including salmonella, E. coli, and listeria, from one location to another. Salmonella, for example, affects about 40,000 people annually in the USA through contaminated food. While some species of fruit flies can damage citrus fruits, others play a role as pollinators. This study aimed to analyze self-sufficiency strategies extension workers use to protect citrus (sweet orange) from fruit flies in Nangarhar. One hundred twenty respondents from District Bati Kot were selected from a population of 200 using a pre-tested interview schedule. Results indicated that 32% of the growers were aged 40-50, and 55% were illiterate. Among the growers, 33% sought help from the extension department for pest and disease issues, while 17% contacted it for weed control. Only a limited number of growers installed traps in April, and 32% knew which months fruit flies were most active, with 74% identifying June and 26% indicating May. Half the growers used pesticides, while 22% disposed of infected fruits through burial, followed by pheromone traps and cultural practices. A majority (86.5%) were aware of improved citrus varieties, and extension workers were the primary information source for 41% of the respondents. A highly significant association was observed between the average citrus yield and the skills of extension workers in protective measures, as well as between the growers' ages and average yield. The study recommends that extension workers make regular orchard visits to educate citrus producers on fruit fly control, such as mixing a quarter cup of apple cider or white vinegar with a few drops of dish soap. This mixture, which attracts fruit flies and then drowns them by breaking the vinegar's surface tension, is an affordable and effective method. Additionally, extension workers should receive training in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and other control measures to improve the socio-economic conditions and promote self-sufficiency in sweet orange production.
BJRI Mesta 4: A Newly Released Improved Vegetable Mesta Variety of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.
Authors: Mamun Al-
Published: November 2024

Vegetable mesta, or roselle, is a common species in many countries for confectioneries and a good source of nutrients and antioxidants. BJRI Mesta 4 is a nutrient-rich, climate-smart, and widely adaptable vegetable Mesta cultivar developed by the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) and released by the National Seed Board (NSB) in 2022. To explore the superiority of the new variety, a study was conducted on yield and yield components using multivariate analysis over two planting seasons compared with the well-known variety BJRI Mesta 2. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.01 or 0.05) were recorded among the qualitative and quantitative traits. In multi-location Trials during 2018 and 2019, the average yield of leaf, fruit, and calyx of BJRI Mesta 4 was found to be 7.25%, 11.51%, and 10.49% higher in BJRI regional stations, respectively, compared to the check variety. Plant height, branches per plant, fruit yield, and leaf yield were considered when selecting vegetable mesta types with appropriate yields. However, based on yield capacity, adaptability, and nutraceutical properties, the newly released cultivar BJRI Mesta 4 can be recommended and promoted to the herbal food product industry in addition to being a substitute for leafy vegetables. With these views kept in mind, the study conducted now may help create trustworthy selection criteria for programs to improve vegetable mesta breeding in the future.
Analysis of Agromorphological Characteristics, Nutritional Values and Phytochemical Constituents of Two Fonio Species in Gombe State, Nigeria towards the Enhancement of Afghanistan National Food Security
Authors: Isa Shu’aibu , Mohammed Aishatu Adamu , Adamu Abubakar Zainab , Jauhar Safiullah
Published: November 2024

Fonio is a traditional African cereal grain that is poorly studied, as revealed in the literature. It has the potential to contribute significantly to whole grain diets, wellness, economic status improvement, and play an important role in food security in developing economies. A comprehensive study compared the agromorphological characteristics and nutritional values of Digitaria exilis and Digitaria iburua (black and white fonio, respectively), both of West African origin. The parameters measured for morphological and physiological screening included the number of leaves, leaf area, number of tillers, number of spikes, spike length, number of seeds per spikelet, days to flowering, and thousand-seed weight. Nutritional values were determined, such as crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, carbohydrate, moisture, and ash content. Minerals, including sodium and potassium, were measured using flame photometry, while zinc, iron, and calcium were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out to assess the presence and quantities of bioactive compounds in the grains using methanol as the solvent for extraction. The results revealed that black fonio had the highest number of leaves (19), a shorter lifecycle (56 days to flowering), and a higher number of seeds with greater weight (0.84g). They were found to be more nutritious than white fonio in terms of proximate composition: moisture (3.81%), ash (1.69%), crude protein (12.3%), ether extract (2.81%), crude fiber (1.37%), carbohydrate (77.97%), and mineral composition. Additionally, black fonio contains many bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and glycosides in all plant parts. At the same time, alkaloids and anthraquinones were present only in its roots. Black fonio (Digitaria iburua) is, therefore, suggested as a viable candidate for breeding programs aimed at crop and yield improvement and.
Studies on Aflatoxin-Producing Fungi in Stored Maize (Zea mays L.) and the Use of Bentonite Clay in Reducing their Toxin Levels
Authors: Umaru Ahmadu , Isa Aliyu , Ayoubi Rabia
Published: November 2024

Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus fungi that are both toxic and carcinogenic to animals and humans; however, studies on their removal by natural substances have had great success, and bentonite was seen as a possible remedy in this aspect. The study on aflatoxin-producing fungi in stored Maize (Zea mays L.) was conducted on stored maize collected from Muna Market, Maiduguri, based on their year of harvest (2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018). Out of which a total of  49 isolates consisting of Aspergillus spp, Talaromyces islandicus, and Scopulariopsis candida were obtained, these include Aspergillus niger 38.78%, A. flavus 12.24%, A. oryzae 12.24%, A. fumigatus 10.20%, A. parvisclerotigenus 6.12%, A. aflatoxiformans 4.08%, Scopulariopsis candida 14.29%, and Talaromyces islandicus 2.04%. The molecular assay confirms the identity of the isolates amplified using universal ITS primers with 100% query and identity, except sample A (A. aflatoxiformans 087-A2) has 99.62% identity compared with NCBI library. The total aflatoxin profile of the stored maize collected for the 2015 harvest year was 100 ppb before treatment and reduced to 2.2 ppb after treatment. In contrast, the 2016 maize sample, which had 1.8 ppb before treatment, reduced to 1.7 ppb; the 2017 sample had 1.9 ppb reduced to 0.9 ppb; and 2018 had 3 ppb before treatment reduced to 0.3 ppb after treatment; the AfB1 profiles depict that 2015 maize sample had 60 ppb before treatment and reduced to 1ppb after treatment. The 2016 maize sample had one ppb reduced to 0.9 ppb, whereas the 2017 sample had 1 ppb and reduced to 0.6 ppb, and 2018 had 2 ppb and detoxified to 0 ppb after treatment. The Bentonite clay used was found to reduce the toxin levels of the stored maize.