bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An integrated wavemeter based on fully-stabilized resonant electro-optic frequency comb
Authors: Niu Rui , Wan Shuai , Li Wenjian , Wang Pi-Yu , Sun Fang-Wen , Bo Fang , Liu Junqiu , Guo Guang-Can , Dong Chun-Hua
Published: November 2023

Optical frequency combs provide a powerful tool for precise measurement of the optical frequency, holding significant importance in fields such as spectroscopy, optical communication and optical clock. The frequency stability of the comb line determines the precision of the frequency measurement, but the delicate interplay between high precision, low power consumption and integration still needs to be optimized. To this aim, here we demonstrate a frequency measurement scheme based on a fully stabilized electro-optic comb, in which the pump laser frequency and repetition rate are independently locked to the atomic transition and microwave signal. The measurement precision of the demonstrated wavemeter can reach sub-kHz-level, and the parallel measurement of multiple wavelengths can be performed. Therefore, by combining the technical scheme reported here with advanced integrated functional devices, our system is expected to provide a feasible solution for chip-scale frequency precision measurement and reference.
Reusability report: Learning the transcriptional grammar in single-cell RNA-sequencing data using transformers
Authors: Khan Sumeer Ahmad , Maillo Alberto , Lagani Vincenzo , Lehmann Robert , Kiani Narsis A. , Gomez-Cabrero David , Tegner Jesper
Published: November 2023

The rise of single-cell genomics is an attractive opportunity for data-hungry machine learning algorithms. The scBERT method, inspired by the success of BERT (‘bidirectional encoder representations from transformers’) in natural language processing, was recently introduced by Yang et al. as a data-driven tool to annotate cell types in single-cell genomics data. Analogous to contextual embedding in BERT, scBERT leverages pretraining and self-attention mechanisms to learn the ‘transcriptional grammar’ of cells. Here we investigate the reusability beyond the original datasets, assessing the generalizability of natural language techniques in single-cell genomics. The degree of imbalance in the cell-type distribution substantially influences the performance of scBERT. Anticipating an increased utilization of transformers, we highlight the necessity to consider data distribution carefully and introduce a subsampling technique to mitigate the influence of an imbalanced distribution. Our analysis serves as a stepping stone towards understanding and optimizing the use of transformers in single-cell genomics.
Anticounterfeiting tags based on randomly oriented MoSx clusters enabled by capillary and Marangoni flow
Authors: Moon Changgyun , Pujar Pavan , Gandla Srinivas , So Byungjun , Lee Sunjong , Kim Dongmin , Kwon Kon-Woo , Kim Sunkook
Published: November 2023

Recent advances in anticounterfeiting technology highlight the importance of functional materials with innovative processing methods for achieving robust anticounterfeiting tags. Here, we report a fabrication approach that enables the formation of randomly oriented MoSxor MoOxclusters of unpredictable shapes for use as anticounterfeiting tags. We exploit the combined effects of capillary and Marangoni flows to drive solute in a pre-deposited wet film that produces random clusters, creating tags. The reading of these tags is achieved using high-speed confocal laser microscopy, which allows for the extraction of complex topographies in seconds. The digitization of the tags involves converting height profiles into grayscale images, followed by the application of mathematical tools and the von Neumann debiasing technique. The extracted keys are subjected to the NIST statistical test, which consists of six tests to confirm the randomness of the generated keys. The recent advancements in anticounterfeiting technology highlight the importance of functional materials with innovative processing methods to achieve robust anticounterfeiting tags.
Petrological evidence for deep subduction of organic carbon to subarc depths
Authors: Hu Han , Zhang Lifei , Lan Chunyuan , Liu Zhicheng
Published: November 2023

The significance of subducted organic carbon for the deep carbon cycle has been demonstrated by the presence of ultra-deep diamonds and arc emissions. However, there is no convincing evidence that organic carbon can be subducted to subarc depths. This study provides the evidence for deep subduction of sedimentary organic carbon to mantle depths through petrological observation, Raman and isotopic analyses of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) coesite- and graphite-bearing pelitic schists. The analyzed graphite shows light δ13C values (−24.7 to −22.5‰), indicating a sedimentary organic carbon source. Petrological characteristics of graphite co-existing with coesite in garnet and P–T calculations suggest that organic graphite was subducted to the subarc depths exceeding 90 km. This research represents the petrological evidence for the deep subduction of organic carbon to mantle depths and may provide insight into the origin of diamonds with light δ13C values and contribute as key evidence for the Lomagundi event.
Can transnational municipal networks mitigate the carbon pollution of the world’s power plants?: an empirical analysis
Authors: Grant Don , Leffel Benjamin , Johnson Evan
Published: November 2023

Transnational municipal networks (TMNs) have been heralded as actors that can avert a climate catastrophe by filling the “emission gaps” left by national climate policies. But can these networks reduce the carbon pollution of power plants, the world’s largest sites of climate-disrupting emissions? Using an international data source on individual power plants, we empirically analyze this issue. Findings reveal that after accounting for their structural properties and the national policies to which they are subject, power plants emit less CO2 when nested in cities that are members of TMNs and this is especially true of plants in less developed countries. In contrast, national climate policies are unrelated to plants’ environmental performance over time. Although our analyses suggest TMNs help to reduce the emissions of the typical power plant, they also indicate they have little bearing on the emissions of the world’s most egregious polluting plants.
Design and synthesis of functionalized defective MOFs for catalytic conversion of CO2 to cyclic carbonates under green conditions
Authors: Liu Xueting , Cui Shasha , Li Kuayue , Liu Wenkui , Cui Peng , Wei Fengyu
Published: November 2023

Schematic illustration for the synergistic catalysis of HUIN for CO2 green conversion to cyclic carbonates via coordination unsaturated Lewis acidic sites of the Hf cluster, mesopores and monocarboxylic acid modulators.
Simulation of exciton spectra in disordered supramolecular polymers: exciton localization in cisoid indolenine squaraine hexamers
Authors: Fischermeier David , Turkin Arthur , Selby Joshua , Lambert Christoph , Mitrić Roland
Published: November 2023

A multiscale theoretical investigation into the influence of structural motifs on the exciton localization in indolenine squaraine hexamers.
Boosting the dynamic reconstitution of FeCu–N4 sites via doping of bimetal nanoparticles during oxygen electrocatalysis
Authors: Peng Jing , Hu Bihua , Li Zhitong , Lei Zhiwei , Zhong Xiongwei , Wang Xingzhu , Xu Baomin
Published: November 2023

Dual metal atom catalysts with nitrogen coordination are emerging as promising materials that can be substituted for platinum group-based catalysts employed for the oxygen electroreduction reaction.
Comparative analysis of chemically and green synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles for the regulation of photosynthesis in Lactuca sativa L.
Authors: Weng Yuzhu , Bai Xue , Kang Mengen , Huang Yue , Ji Yetong , Wang Haoke , Hua Zulin
Published: November 2023

Compared with c-TiO2 NPs, g-TiO2 NPs alleviated NP stress by regulating cellular management systems, light capture, and phototransformation.
The effect and mechanism of a microbial agent used for corrosion control in circulating cooling water
Authors: Wang Yu , Liao Hongfeng , Gan Li , Liu Zhengxiu , Tang Ziqiang , Zhao Xiaoran , Zeng Yubin , Ye Chunsong
Published: November 2023

The microbial agent has an anti-corrosion effect and the mechanism includes biofilm formation, corrosion current reduction, and sulfide corrosion inhibition.
Preparation of a novel expandable konjac fiber at different freezing temperatures and exploration of its digestion regulation functions
Authors: Li Sha , Shang Longchen , Chen Yuanyuan , Song Rong , Li Jing , Li Bin
Published: November 2023

A new form of konjac fiber can instantaneously expand in the digestive tract and inhibit the digestion of the chyme.
How to make membrane distillation greener: a review of environmentally friendly and sustainable aspects
Authors: Gontarek-Castro Emilia , Castro-Muñoz Roberto
Published: November 2023

There is an urgent need for the development of sustainable transformation of today's membrane distillation approaches into a greener way.
The dawn of aqueous deep eutectic solvents for lignin extraction
Authors: Hu Mingyang , Yu Yanyan , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Xinyu , Liu Yun
Published: November 2023

This review addresses recent advancements in lignin extraction using ADES and underlying mechanism. Additionally, the economic and environmental sustainability is evaluated, highlighting the feasibility of industrial-scale applications in future.
Developing 3D computational models to capture the spatial, temporal and thermal behavior as laser beams propagate through photo-thermally responsive gels
Authors: Yashin Victor V. , Mahmood Fariha , Saravanamuttu Kalaichelvi , Balazs Anna C.
Published: November 2023

Gaussian laser beams propagating through photo-thermally responsive gels exhibit self-trapping and attraction. Two beams can cross each other if the interaction is sufficiently strong.
Comparison of electron scattering by acoustic-phonons in two types of quantum wells with GaAs and GaN materials
Authors: Phong Tran Cong , Minh Le Ngoc , Hien Nguyen Dinh
Published: November 2023

In this work, we report a detailed comparison of electron–acoustic-phonon (EAP) interaction strength in symmetric (parabolic) and asymmetric (semi-parabolic) quantum-wells (QWs) for both GaAs and GaN materials.
Contact engineering for 2D Janus MoSSe/metal junctions
Authors: Shu Yu , Li Ting , Miao Naihua , Gou Jian , Huang Xiaochun , Cui Zhou , Xiong Rui , Wen Cuilian , Zhou Jian , Sa Baisheng , Sun Zhimei
Published: November 2023

This study revealed the transition from Schottky to Ohmic/quasi-Ohmic contacts within the metal–MoSSe junctions and employed machine learning to predict the Schottky barrier, thus facilitating the realization of Ohmic contact in Janus MoSSe devices.
Au nanoparticle-decorated Ni2P nanosheet arrays with porous grids for electroanalytical hydroquinone sensing
Authors: Lu Wenbo , Zhang Xue , Tong Wenting , Wei Ming
Published: November 2023

An electrochemical hydroquinone sensor based on Au/Ni2P nanosheet arrays with a porous grid is successfully designed. Au/Ni2P nanosheet arrays with a porous grid on nickel foam are synthesized for the first time.
Preparation of monoclonal antibodies against norovirus and establishment of a rapid immunochromatographic technique
Authors: Wei Chunhao , Guo Lingling , Wu Aihong , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua , Xu Xinxin , Liu Liqiang
Published: November 2023

The established colloidal gold test strip detection method can be used for the detection of common Norovirus strains and in large-scale epidemiological investigations.
Aroyl-isothiocyanates/isoselenocyanates as precursors to obtain novel cis-3-aroyl-thiourea/urea-β-lactams: design, synthesis, docking and biological evaluation
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Kaur Jaswinder , Kumari Sumeeta , Paliwal Sakshi , Berry Shiwani , Pinnaka Anil Kumar , Bhalla Aman
Published: November 2023

Herein, a novel synthetic methodology was devised to synthesize cis-3-aroyl-thiourea/urea-β-lactams by reacting aroyl isothiocyanates/isoselenocyanates with cis-3-amino-β-lactams.
Electrically induced net magnetization in FePSe3 nanoribbons: the role of edge reconstructions
Authors: Zhang Wenqi , Xie Weifeng , Shao Bin , Zuo Xu
Published: November 2023

Magnetized edge states of nanoribbon systems open a new path for designing functional spintronic devices.
A facile approach to create sensitive and selective Cu(ii) sensors on carbon fiber microelectrodes
Authors: Nudurupati Uma , Narla Terdha , Punihaole David , Ou Yangguang
Published: November 2023

Increased electrodeposition of ethynyl linkers on carbon fiber microelectrodes produced sensors that yielded increased reduction signal for Cu(ii)).
Electronic origins of the stereochemistry in β-lactam formed through the Staudinger reaction catalyzed by a nucleophile
Authors: Pahlavan Farideh , Moosavi Sedigheh Saddat , Zolghadr Amin Reza , Iranpoor Nasser
Published: November 2023

This paper evaluates the electronic effects of molecular substituents on the stereoselectivity of the umpolung Staudinger catalytic reaction.
Real-time in situ monitoring using visible spectrophotometry as a tool for probing electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for dye decolorisation
Authors: Schroeder Chelsea M. , Koehler Taylor M. , Ohlhorst Kristiane K. , Leadbeater Nicholas E.
Published: November 2023

An apparatus for real-time in situ monitoring of electrochemical processes using UV-visible spectrophotometry has been used to probe the role of dye structure on rate of decolorisation.
Introduction to the RSC Advances themed collection on metal extraction and recycling
Authors: Billard Isabelle , Chagnes Alexandre , Doidge Euan , Love Jason B. , Regel-Rosocka Magdalena
Published: November 2023

Professor Isabelle Billard, Professor Alexandre Chagnes, Dr Euan Doidge, Professor Jason Love and Professor Magdalena Regel-Rosocka, introduce this RSC Advances themed collection on metal extraction and recycling.
Hierarchical defect-induced condensation in active nematics
Authors: Krüger Timo , Maryshev Ivan , Frey Erwin
Published: November 2023

In this in silico study, we show that phase-separated active nematics form −1/2 defects, contrary to the current paradigm. We also observe and characterize lateral arc-like structures separating from nematic bands and moving in transverse direction.
Electronic perturbation by interfacial coupling of iridium cluster and Cu3P accelerates water splitting kinetics
Authors: Ahmadian Koudakan Payam , Hao Xiaobin , Mosallanezhad Amirabbas , Wei Cong , Cai Jinyan , Xiao Junxin , Yang Yuqing , Liu Bo , Liu Jun , Fang Yanyan , Wang Gongming
Published: November 2023

Iridium clusters are anchored on Cu3P to achieve an interfacial electronic perturbation for boosting electrochemical water-splitting.
Mechanical, morphological and comparative properties of microbeads assembled from carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals
Authors: Wu Junqi , Andrews Mark P.
Published: November 2023

Elastic modulus of cCNC nanorod microspheres tuned by aerosol phase citric acid CA ester crosslinking.
Copper hydroxide/basic copper salt derived Cu0 with a clear grain boundary for selective electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to produce multicarbon products
Authors: Song Shuchang , Wu Haoyang , Tian Benqiang , Zhang Ying , Kuang Yun , Sun Xiaoming
Published: November 2023

Cu(OH)2/basic copper salt compounds are in situ reduced to Cu0 nanoparticles with clear grain boundaries during the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction process, which endows the derived Cu electrocatalyst with high selectivity towards C2+ products.
ZnO quantum dots@covalent organic frameworks for high-performance alkaline zinc-based batteries
Authors: Cai Jingbo , Wang Jianglin , Yu Xiao , Long Yini , Yang Zhanhong
Published: November 2023

ZnO QDs@TpPa-1 COF as alkaline zinc-based anode materials, greatly improves the cycling performance of alkaline Zn–Ni batteries.
A review on photochemical sensors for lithium ion detection: relationship between the structure and performance
Authors: Javanbakht Fatemeh , Najafi Hossein , Jalili Kiyumars , Salami-Kalajahi Mehdi
Published: November 2023

Detection and sensing of lithium ions are very important in chemical, environmental, and biological processes. Photochemical sensors including fluorescent compounds have been used as smart systems to detect and sense lithium ions.
Printed circuit board solder joint quality inspection based on lightweight classification network
Authors: Zhang Zhicong , Zhang Wenyu , Zhu Donglin , Xu Yi , Zhou Changjun
Published: November 2023

Solder joint quality inspection is a crucial step in the qualification inspection of printed circuit board (PCB) components, and efficient and accurate inspection methods will greatly improve its production efficiency. In this paper, we propose a PCB solder joint quality detection algorithm based on a lightweight classification network. First, the Select Joint segmentation method was used to obtain the solder joint information, and colour space conversion was used to locate the solder joint. The mask method, contour detection, and box line method were combined to complete the extraction of solder joint information. Then, by combining the respective characteristics of convolutional neural network and Transformer and introducing Cross‐covariance attention to reduce the computational complexity and resource consumption of the model and evenly distribute the global view mutual information in the whole training process, a new lightweight network model MobileXT is proposed to complete defect classification. Only 16.4% of the Vision Transformer computing resources used in this model can achieve an average accuracy improvement of 31%. Additionally, the network is trained and validated using a dataset of 1804 solder joint images constructed from 93 PCB images and two external datasets to evaluate MobileXT performance. The proposed method achieves more efficient localization of the solder joint information and more accurate classification of weld joint defects, and the lightweight model design is more appropriate for industrial edge device deployments.
Second-Order Sufficient Conditions in the Sparse Optimal Control of a Phase Field Tumor Growth Model with Logarithmic Potential
Authors: Sprekels Jürgen , Tröltzsch Fredi
Published: November 2023

This paper treats a distributed optimal control problem for a tumor growth model of viscous Cahn-Hilliard type. The evolution of the tumor fraction is governed by a thermodynamic force induced by a double-well potential of logarithmic type. The cost functional contains a nondifferentiable term like theL1-norm in order to enhance the occurrence of sparsity effects in the optimal controls,i.e., of subdomains of the space-time cylinder where the controls vanish. In the context of cancer therapies, sparsity is very important in order that the patient is not exposed to unnecessary intensive medical treatment. In this work, we focus on the derivation of second-order sufficient optimality conditions for the optimal control problem. While in previous works on the system under investigation such conditions have been established for the case without sparsity, the case with sparsity has not been treated before.
Formation of a comfortable urban environment as a factor of sustainable development of the territory
Authors: Bubnova Alena , Imamverdieva Marina , Khadasevich Nailya , Kruchinina Vera , Gardt Aleksandr
Published: November 2023

In modern conditions, a comfortable urban environment is an important component of improving the population life quality. The creation of conditions for the implementation and effective realization of the directions of state programs, national projects, and municipal programs related to the formation of a comfortable urban environment makes it possible to rationally use the advantages of the territory and neutralize the negative impact of internal and external factors. The article presents an analysis of the municipal program “Formation of a comfortable urban environment for the period up to 2030”. Attention is focused on the key elements of the subprograms, as well as on the problems hindering their effective implementation. In the course of the research, the authors systematized the conditions and opportunities for the development of the city of Surgut, and also formulated conclusions about the importance and necessity of forming a comfortable urban environment.
Сoordination of employment and implementation of social programs of West Kazakhstan region
Authors: Yerzhanova Zhanar , Tapalova Assel , Zhanaisova Zhanargul
Published: November 2023

The quality and efficiency of the correct use of labor resources determine the result of the enterprise and its competitiveness. This article is devoted to the study and organization of labor resources, one of the broad topics in the field of economics, including the organization of the use of labor resources of West Kazakhstan region. West Kazakhstan oblast is one of the largest and most developed regions of Kazakhstan. Numerous enterprises in various sectors of the economy are located here, which requires an efficient organization of human resources. One of the main directions of economic development in West Kazakhstan oblast is industrialization and diversification of production. This requires the provision of highly qualified personnel capable of ensuring the operation of new industries and enterprises. In this regard, the article analyzes the state of labor resources of West Kazakhstan region in recent years, and gives a characteristic of the main indicators of the labor market.
Algorithm for assessing the business activity of the region in the decision-making system at the regional management level
Authors: Vetrova Natalya , Shtofer Gennadii , Gaysarova Anastasia , Andronov Andrey , Ryvkina Olga
Published: November 2023

The article presents an algorithm for assessing the business activity of the region as an objective quantitative indicator of processes in the regional system. This algorithm considers the effect of the main regional complex subsystems: resources, production, innovation, society, entrepreneurship, finance, investment, information, infrastructure, environmental subsystem, which is reflected in the model of business activity formation in the region. The business activity model of the region includes 10 blocks that characterize the mechanisms of the regional complex functioning. The formed system of evaluation indicators reflects various aspects of the regional complex business activity. The formalization of the complex indicator of regional business activity is carried out in the form of a function that determines the type of mathematical model, considering the justified blocks of region business activity and considering the impact of factors and the results of its functioning on the regional complex. When developing an algorithm for assessing the region business activity as an indicator of socio-economic processes, a sequence of calculation procedures is justified, which allows identifying both basic and chain indicators of the business activity of the region for management purposes. The presented algorithm makes it possible to assess the dynamics of the region business activity level on the basis of objective statistically significant information, as well as to determine the features of the processes taking place in the regional complex that have a different impact on the efficiency level of the region. The practical use of the proposed algorithm can be a source of objective information for the development of solutions at the regional management level, considering the specific factors of a particular region functioning, which is provided by the procedure of the algorithm for assessing the business activity of the region.
Possibilities of organizing smart markets in the region
Authors: Hudayberganov Dilshod , Abdullaev Farxod , Rakhimov Tukhtabek , Aminova Maksuda , Norboyev Sarvar
Published: November 2023

In the effective implementation of economic relations in the regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the organization of smart markets is important. Based on the characteristics and circumstances, the conditions and possibilities of using the smart market in the Khorezm region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the directions and processes of organizing this market in the region are highlighted in the article. Also, clear and reliable conclusions were drawn regarding the application of each direction of the effective organization of this market in the region and the wide acceleration of its economic sectors. Also, suggestions and recommendations are presented on the improvement of the organizational and economic mechanisms of the development of smart markets in the region.
Development of corporate treasury operations in russian leasing companies
Authors: Shirokova Maria A. , Malitskaya Victoria B. , Konovalenko Irina E.
Published: November 2023

In the context of the digital economy small Russian companies with several settlement accounts, minimal currency risks, and the absence of the need to control credit resources and investments, practically do not create an autonomous treasury department. Treasury functions are performed by an accountant and are controlled and managed by a chief financial officer. With the expansion of the company’s activities, in order to create a unified strategy for the policy in the field of cash flow control and the development of financial risk management procedures, a centralized treasury is formed. According to research by the largest international audit companies, due to the strengthening of strategic emphasis in cash management, the role, degree of centralization, and importance of corporate treasury in Russian financial management have been growing significantly over the past 10 years. The study examines the development of the corporate treasury in leasing companies in Russia; the authors propose several ways of managing corporate treasury operations in leasing companies, in particular, development and application of a cash flow management system, and outline a methodology of separate accounting of the results of corporate treasury activities. It is concluded that the use of information support, based on big data analysis and machine learning, contributing to the consolidation of all the company’s cash flows in a single database, is required. In this regard, the results obtained can be useful to organizations that use corporate treasury in their activities.
Ecological assessment of the impact of vermicomposting on the growth and development of spring wheat in the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Authors: Tureev Abat A.
Published: November 2023

The use of intensive technologies in agriculture, with the introduction of large amounts of mineral fertilizers, pesticides and a reduction in the application of organic fertilizers, has led to a shortage of humus balance in the soil. A progressive solution in this situation is the production and application of vermicomposting, which not only restores soil fertility, but also significantly increases the economic efficiency of agricultural industries. This article presents the results of a study that showed the reduction to a reasonable minimum of external anthropogenic impacts on the agro ecosystem and the activation of its own bio potential through the use of alternative fertilizers give a positive effect in maintaining soil fertility, protecting the natural environment and obtaining a sustainable harvest. The experience has shown that the degree of influence of fertilizer types turned out to be very significant in the variants where organic fertilizers and vermicomposting were applied, which clearly confirms that these types of fertilizers significantly affect the formation of plant biomass.
Optimising Pulse Combustion Systems for Enhanced Efficiency and Sustainability in Thermal Power Engineering
Authors: Kasimov Sh.A. , Sulliev A. , Eshkabilov A.A.
Published: November 2023

This study evaluates the potential of pulsed cleaning, an emerging technology, in the maintenance of heating energy and reclamation boilers. Findings suggest that pulsed cleaning presents an effective, energy-efficient and eco-friendly approach to deposit removal. However, there remains a necessity for further investigation to fine-tune the process and understand its long-term implications on boiler performance. The ultimate objective is to establish pulsed cleaning as a reliable, efficient and sustainable cleaning technique for boiler surfaces. The study determined that pulsed cleaning is an encouraging new technology for cleansing the surfaces of heating energy and reclamation boilers. Nevertheless, it was noted that additional research is required to fine-tune the pulsed cleaning procedure and to evaluate its prolonged effects on the efficiency of boilers.
Development and Evaluation of Solutions to Suppress Dust on Vehicle Roads in Quarries
Authors: Muhiddinov B.F. , Olikulov F.J.
Published: November 2023

The article provides information on the development and testing of drugs to suppress dust on quarry roads. The rheological properties of the created powder suppressant technical solution based on starch and magnesium chloride were studied. It was found that as the amount of technical starch in the composition increases, its viscosity increases and the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature. It also contains information about the development of a special semi-industrial device for the preparation of an aqueous solution of technical starch and magnesium chloride, and the process of preparation of the composition solution. The created dust suppressants have been tested to suppress dust on the roads of the Muruntau quarry. Based on the results obtained, the amount of dust on the roads after spraying with the drug decreased from 15.6 mg/m3 to 2.6 mg/m3 after 5 days (120 hours) and the optimal composition of the composition was 6.0 mass. %. Technical starch and 7, 0 mass. % was found to contain magnesium chloride.
The use of digital technologies in the preparation of accountants in agricultural universities
Authors: Plaskova Natalia , Bychkova Svetlana , Elyashev Dmitry
Published: November 2023

All interested parties, including universities, employers’ organizations, their officials associated with the management of the organization, accounting or financial departments and recruiting young specialists in the field of accounting, as well as professional associations, should take part in the formation of “digital” competencies for students and beginner accountants. As part of the study, the regulatory framework for the use of digital technologies in higher education will be studied; materials from Russian and world studies on the practice of introducing and using digital technologies in the training of domestic accountants will be summarized. A significant part of the study is focused on summarizing the concrete experience of training accountants in agricultural universities, leading the ranking of universities “National Vocation”, compiled annually within the framework of the project “Univer-Expert and Academic Critic”.
A study on the challenges in marketing in the Covid-19 affected economy by the black pepper growing farmers and recommendations with reference to Kerala
Authors: Saju K. , Ramadevi V.
Published: November 2023

Unprecedented incidence of Covid 19, the global pandemic, made the marketing difficult for the spice growing farmers, especially for the black pepper farmers. Covid 19 has disrupted production, processing and marketing of black pepper at different points of the value chain. Since the spice industry is very labour intensive, it has got substantially due to lockdown followed by the Covid 19 incidence. It has affected the availability of labour, availability and proximity of the market place, share of produce sold through different marketing channels, quality and availability of agricultural inputs etc. These factors substantially affected the production and operational costs. This study has conducted among the black pepper farmers of different age, sex, income level, experience in farming, operational land holding etc. with in the geography of Kerala, a south Indian state where many of the farmers grow black pepper. This study is an attempt to investigate the challenges in marketing of black pepper by the farmers in Kerala after the incidence of Covid 19 pandemic. This study also provides recommendations to improve the marketing by overcoming different challenges raised after the incidence of the global pandemic, Covid-19.
Innovative platform for economic transformation agricultural sector of the Russian economy
Authors: Nasedkina T.I. , Chernykh A.I. , Molchanova L.A.
Published: November 2023

The situation has developed in such a way that the development of any country in the world is impossible without the introduction of new technologies. However, a simple technological upgrade of individual enterprises or even industries may not create an economic system specializing specifically in innovation. Such a system should be based on institutional provisions that would encourage economic entities to reproduce their activities on the basis of modern technologies and innovations. As practice shows, in agriculture, the innovative way is the only possible one in modern conditions. This trend is primarily due to the fact that land resources are not unlimited, and labor is declining from year to year. Therefore, further growth in production volumes is possible only on the path of innovation and investment development. It is proved that the policy of territorial innovation clusters, the implementation of which contributes to the strengthening of positive institutional effects on an innovative basis, affects the harmonious innovative development of agricultural enterprises.
Forecast of sinter reduction degradation index and reducibility index and analysis of influencing factors using machine learning
Authors: Jiang Dewen , Pang Jing , Zhang Song , Wang Zhenyang , Li Kejiang , Zhang Jianliang
Published: November 2023

Reduction degradation index (RDI) and reducibility index (RI) of sinter are considered as important metallurgical properties for assessing the quality of sintered ore for blast furnace iron-making. For the sake of promoting the permeability of a blast furnace burden and ensuring the smooth smelting process, mathematical models for the prediction of RDI and RI were constructed using machine learning respectively and the effects of factors such as sinter composition on the RDI and RI of sintered ore were analyzed in this article. From simulation results, the precision of the CatBoost model for predicting RDI can reach 98.32%, and the precision of the XGBoost model for predicting RI can reach 93.47%, meaning that the models are effective for the models to forecast the sinter RDI and RI. Moreover, the influence of 16 factors on RDI and RI was analyzed separately based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method and the accurate predictive models built.
COMBINED HORMONE AND BRACHY THERAPIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Chabbar Salma , Habbal Abderrahmane , Aboulaich Rajae , Ismaili Nabil , El Majjaoui Sanaa
Published: November 2023

Prostate cancer is a hormone-dependent cancer characterized by two types of cancer cells, androgen-dependent cancer cells and androgen-resistant ones. The objective of this paper is to present a novel mathematical model for the treatment of prostate cancer under combined hormone therapy and brachytherapy. Using a system of partial differential equations, we quantify and study the evolution of the different cell densities involved in prostate cancer and their responses to the two treatments. Numerical simulations of tumor growth under different therapeutic strategies are explored and presented. The numerical simulations are carried out on FreeFem++ using a 2D finite element method.
Das Kind in der TCM-Praxis
Authors: Bohlayer Rainer
Published: November 2023

Die TCM überträgt das Gesetz des dauernden Wandels in Natur und
Kosmos in Analogie auch auf das menschliche Leben. So erklärt sie mit
den Lehren von Yin und Yang und den Fünf Wandlungsphasen auch die
Abfolge der Entwicklungsphasen und die Erkrankungen im Kindesalter. Kinder
benötigen eine andere Herangehensweise als Erwachsene, da sie von
alterstypischen energetischen Grundmustern bestimmt sind.
Belastungslagen von Alleinerziehenden-, Stief- und Kernfamilien und
Inanspruchnahme von Unterstützungsangeboten. Befunde aus zwei repräsentativen
deutschen Studien
Authors: Lux Ulrike , Entleitner-Phleps Christine , Langmeyer Alexandra N. , Löchner Johanna , Walper Sabine , Ulrich Susanne Marlene
Published: November 2023

Ziel der Studie Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Belastungslagen von
Alleinerziehenden, Stief- und Kernfamilien mit jungen Kindern sowie die Nutzung
von universellen, selektiven und indizierten Unterstützungsangeboten in
den unterschiedlichen Familienformen.

Methodik Anhand von zwei repräsentativen
Bevölkerungsstudien mit Müttern von Kindern zwischen 0–3
Jahren (KiD 0–3 2015; N=6,617 und AID:A 2019, N=1,501)
aus Deutschland werden von den Müttern eingeschätzte Belastungen
sowie die Nutzung verschiedener Präventionsangebote deskriptiv und mit
Chi²-Tests untersucht.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt zeigen sich bei Alleinerziehenden und teilweise auch
bei Stieffamilien vermehrte sozioökonomische Belastungen (z. B.
höheres Armutsrisiko). Insbesondere universelle
Präventionsangebote (z. B. Geburtsvorbereitung,
Eltern-Kind-Gruppen) werden seltener von Alleinerziehenden genutzt,
während selektive und indizierte Angebote, wie Familien- oder
Erziehungsberatung und Angebote des Jugendamts, häufiger von ihnen
genutzt werden.

Schlussfolgerung Vermehrte Belastungsmerkmale lassen einen höheren
Hilfebedarf bei Alleinerziehenden im Vergleich zu Kernfamilien vermuten.
Universelle Gruppenangebote werden scheinbar nicht dazu genutzt, diesen
Hilfebedarf zu decken, während selektive individuelle Beratungsangebote,
wie Schwangerschafts- und Erziehungsberatung, im Verhältnis von
Alleinerziehenden und Stieffamilien häufiger in Anspruch genommen
werden. Auf Alleinerziehende zugeschnittene (Gruppen-)Angebote –
insbesondere in der frühen Entwicklungsphase des Kindes –
könnten unterstützen.
Forschungsförderprogramm „Stadt der Zukunft –
gesunde und nachhaltige Metropolen“
Authors: Zerbe Stefan , Hornberg Claudia , Macher Marilen , Fehr Rainer
Published: November 2023

Vor dem Hintergrund der weltweit voranschreitenden Urbanisierung und damit der
zunehmenden Bedeutung von Städten als Lebensraum für den
Menschen ist es unabdingbar, die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden der
Stadtbewohner:innen in den Mittelpunkt urbaner Planungen zu rücken. Das
Forschungsförderprogramm „Stadt der Zukunft – gesunde
und nachhaltige Metropolen“ der Fritz und Hildegard Berg-Stiftung im
Deutschen Stiftungszentrum setzt hierbei seit 2010 wichtige inter- und
transdisziplinäre Forschungsimpulse. Gefördert wurden
Juniorforschungsgruppen an den Schnittstellen von Gesundheitswissenschaften und
anderen Disziplinen der Natur- und Sozialwissenschaften. Ein Schwerpunkt der
Forschungsförderung lag auch auf der intensiven Kooperation mit der
Praxis, um einerseits die Probleme und Fragestellungen aus der Praxis
wissenschaftlich optimal reflektieren und bearbeiten zu können und
andererseits den Wissenstransfer zu katalysieren. Begleitet werden die
Forschungskonsortien durch alljährlich stattfindende Konferenzen mit den
unterschiedlichsten Themen der StadtGesundheit an wechselnden
Veranstaltungsorten in Deutschland. Zudem sind transdisziplinäre
Netzwerke geknüpft und weitere Initiativen (z. B.
Institutsgründung) angestoßen worden. Die Entwicklung des
facettenreichen Forschungsförderprogramms „Stadt der Zukunft
– gesunde und nachhaltige Metropolen“ wird dargestellt und ein
Ausblick in dessen zukünftige Entwicklung präsentiert.
Mode of Delivery and Obstetric Complications in the Setting of Prior Uterine Surgery
Authors: Bogardus Margaret H. , Friedman Alexander M. , Arora Chetna , D'Alton Mary E. , Wen Timothy
Published: November 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate cesarean rates and risk for obstetric complications among deliveries with a history of prior uterine surgery.

Study Design This serial cross-sectional study analyzed deliveries with and without prior uterine surgery in the 2016–2019 Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were performed to assess risk of nontransfusion severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and other obstetric complications based on the presence or absence of prior uterine surgery with unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as measures of association. Adjusted models accounted for demographic, hospital, and delivery factors. Demographics and clinical factors among deliveries with and without a prior history of uterine surgery diagnosis were compared with the chi-square test with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results Of 14.7 million delivery hospitalization identified, 6,910 (4.7 per 10,000) had a history of uterine surgery and 111,710 (0.76%) experienced SMM. Women with prior uterine surgery were more likely to be older, to be of unknown race or ethnicity, and to have private insurance (p < 0.01 for all). Eighty-five percent of deliveries with prior uterine surgery were performed by cesarean compared with 32% of deliveries without prior uterine surgery (p < 0.01). In adjusted analysis, compared with patients without prior uterine surgery, patients with prior uterine surgery were not at increased risk for SMM (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 0.73–2.07). Evaluating obstetric complications, patients with prior uterine surgery had a decreased risk of postpartum hemorrhage (aOR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43–0.96) and an increased risk of peripartum hysterectomy (aOR 4.12, 95% CI 1.75–9.67), and no difference in other obstetric complications assessed.

Conclusion These findings suggest that current clinical practice results in similar delivery risks among patients with compared with without prior uterine surgery.

Key Points
Breathing Motion Pattern in Cyclists: Role of Inferior against
Superior Thorax Compartment
Authors: Lopes Ana Luiza , Sarro Karine Jacon , Rodrigues Isabella Martins , Leite Richard Diego , Massaroni Carlo , Amorim Paulo Roberto dos Santos , Cerveri Pietro , Silvatti Amanda P.
Published: November 2023

The thoracoabdominal breathing motion pattern is being considered in sports
training because of its contribution, along with other physiological
adaptations, to overall performance. We examined whether and how experience with
cycling training modifies the thoracoabdominal motion patterns. We utilized
optoelectronic plethysmography to monitor ten trained male cyclists and compared
them to ten physically active male participants performing breathing maneuvers.
Cyclists then participated in a self-paced time trial to explore the similarity
between that observed during resting breathing. From the 3D coordinates of 32
markers positioned on each participant’s trunk, we calculated the percentage of
contribution of the superior thorax, inferior thorax, and abdomen and the
correlation coefficient among these compartments. During the rest maneuvers, the
cyclists showed a thoracoabdominal motion pattern characterized by an increased
role of the inferior thorax relative to the superior thorax (26.69±5.88%,
34.93±5.03%; p=0.002, respectively), in contrast to the
control group (26.69±5.88%; 25.71±6.04%, p=0.4,
respectively). In addition, the inferior thorax showed higher coordination in
phase with the abdomen. Furthermore, the results of the time trial test
underscored the same pattern found in cyclists breathing at rest, suggesting
that the development of a permanent modification in respiratory mechanics may be
associated with cycling practice.
Fusion of the Median and Musculocutaneous Nerves Masquerading as Biceps' Innervation from the Median Nerve
Authors: Antonopoulos Ioannis , Ampadiotaki Margarita- Michaela , Tsikouris George , Chiotis Ioannis , Tsakotos Georgios , Pathiakis Ioannis , Troupis Theodore G.
Published: November 2023

Embryologically, the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) comes from the lateral root of the median nerve, and thus numerous anatomical variations concerning the formation and branching pattern of these two nerves of the brachial plexus have been described. In this case study, we describe a relatively uncommon case of fusion of the median and MCNs that was identified during routine teaching dissection of a male human cadaver. The identification of this anatomical variation requires awareness of the embryological background, as it may be confused with biceps innervation from the median nerve or the existence of a communicating branch between the two nerves. In addition, awareness of such anatomical variations is of undisputable significance for the safety of surgical operations in the brachial plexus and the arm in general.
International Council for Standardization in Haematology Guidance for New Lot Verification of Coagulation Reagents, Calibrators, and Controls
Authors: Gosselin Robert C. , Castellone Donna , Dorgalaleh Akbar , Hickey Kieron , Lippi Giuseppe , Moffat Karen , O'Toole Rebecca , Rigano Joe
Published: November 2023

The clinical laboratory uses commercial products with limited shelf life or certain expiry dates requiring frequent lot changes. Prior to implementation for clinical use, laboratories should determine the performance of the new reagent lot to ensure that there is no significant shift in reagent performance or reporting of patient data. This guideline has been written on behalf of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) to provide the framework and provisional guidance for clinical laboratories for evaluating and verifying the performance of new lot reagents used for coagulation testing. These ICSH Working Party consensus recommendations are based on good laboratory practice, regulatory recommendations, evidence emerged from scientific publications, and expert opinion and are meant to supplement regional standards, regulations, or requirements.
Variable Performance of Lupus Anticoagulant Testing: The Australasian/Asia-Pacific Experience
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Dean Elysse , Arunachalam Sandya
Published: November 2023

Lupus anticoagulant (LA) is one of three tests identified as laboratory criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The other two tests are anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibody. The presence of LA is assessed using clot-based tests, while the presence of aCL and aβ2GPI is assessed by immunological assays. Since no test can be considered 100% sensitive or specific for LA, current guidelines recommend using two different clot-based assays reflecting different principles, with the dilute Russell viper venom time (dRVVT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) recommended. Initially, LA-sensitive reagents are used to screen for LA, and then, in “screen-positive” samples, LA-“insensitive” reagents are used to confirm LA. Because LA assays are based on clot detection, anything that can interfere with fibrin clot development may affect test results. In particular, in addition to LA, the tests are also sensitive to the presence of a wide range of clinical anticoagulants, reflecting preanalytical issues for testing. We provide updated findings for LA testing in our geographic region, using recent data from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs, an international external quality assessment program with approximately 120 participants. Data show a wide variety of assays in use, especially for aPTT testing, and variable outcomes in reported numerical values with these assays when assessing proficiency samples. dRVVT testing mostly comprised reagents from three main manufacturing suppliers, which also showed differences in numerical values for the same homogeneous tested samples. Nevertheless, despite the use of different test reagents and processes, >98% of participants correctly identified LA-negative samples as LA-negative and LA-positive samples as LA positive. We hope our findings, reflecting on the heterogeneity of test processes and test data, help improve diagnostic testing for LA in the future.