bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catálogo comportamental de besouros Scotocryptus melitophilus (Leiodidae, Scotocryptini) associados a abelhas Melipona mondury (Apidae, Meliponini)
Authors:   , Costa Ingrid Sousa
Published: February 2024

As colmeias de abelhas sem ferrão (Apidae, Meliponini) constituem ambientes com grande disponibilidade de recursos e com condições que favorecem a presença de inquilinos, como artrópodes e microrganismos. Scotocryptus melithophilus (Leiodidae, Scotocryptini) são inquilinos que encontram nas colônias de abelhas sem ferrão um ambiente favorável à sua habitação. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre o seu comportamento, biologia e importância para as colônias. Neste trabalho, foi elaborado um catálogo comportamental do besouro e descrita a frequência de suas atividades. Besouros adultos e abelhas operárias foram coletados em cinco colônias de Melipona mondury para estudos sobre o comportamento dos besouros em laboratório. Para a elaboração do catálogo comportamental, os besouros e as abelhas foram distribuídos em arenas contendo solução de mel e água destilada (1V:1V), batume coletado nas colmeias e algodão umedecido. Para catalogar o maior número possível de comportamentos, 84 arenas foram montadas com diferentes tratamentos, nos quais havia apenas um besouro com sexo desconhecido e nenhuma abelha; três besouros com sexo desconhecido e nenhuma abelha; três besouros com sexo desconhecido e duas abelhas; dois besouros machos e nenhuma abelha; dois besouros fêmeas e nenhuma abelha ou dois besouros de sexos opostos e nenhuma abelha. Para o estabelecimento da frequência comportamental, um novo conjunto de insetos foi distribuído entre 15 arenas, contendo três besouros de sexo desconhecido e duas abelhas. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. O catálogo resultou em 19 atos comportamentais, com os besouros interagindo entre si, com as abelhas, com o batume e com os recursos alimentares disponibilizados (água e mel). O comportamento mais frequente foi a interação dos besouros com o batume (74,55% dos comportamentos avaliados), seguido da ingestão de água (8,26%). Interações dos besouros com as abelhas e com coespecíficos foram pouco frequentes (4,91% e 2,83% respectivamente). Apesar da distribuição temporal ampla de vários atos comportamentais, alguns deles ocorreram com maior frequência (>60%) em determinados horários do dia. Esse estudo contribui com informações e registros inéditos dos comportamentos do besouro Scotocryptus melitophilus e evidencia a importância de pesquisas que esclareçam a relação entre colônias de meliponíneos e seus inquilinos. Palavras-chave: Comportamento. Interações. Inquilino.
Navigating Diagnostic Challenges: Chronic Anemia Leading to the Diagnosis of Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE) in the Absence of Typical Symptoms
Authors:   Sutter Roseville Medical Center, CA 95661, United States, F Abraamyan , K Bobolis ,   Sutter Roseville Medical Center, CA 95661, United States
Published: February 2024

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare acquired vascular dysplasia usually associated with portal hypertension or CREST syndrome. Here we present a case of a 62-year-old female with no significant related comorbidities who presented to our clinic due to severe acute on chronic anemia. On initial review of systems, the only complaint the patient had was fatigue, shortness of breath and being lightheaded. Patient denied hematochezia or melena, no hematemesis or other gastrointestinal complaints, no history of NSAIDs or aspirin use. Initial labs were significant for iron-deficiency anemia with hemoglobin of 8.5 g/ dL. Recent colonoscopy was non diagnostic for the cause of anemia as well. Due to unrevealing previous workup patient was referred to gastroenterologist and undergone esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with findings of ecstatic vessels in stomach antrum suggestive of GAVE, successfully treated with argon plasma coagulation. Total in a span of 4 years due to recurrence of anemia patient required 3 EGDs, while GAVE was successfully treated each time with argon plasma coagulation. Due to absence of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints patient was recommended to have regular laboratory workup to monitor for silent blood loss. This atypical presentation of upper GI bleeding warrants physicians to refer patients to gastroenterologists to perform EGD for further evaluation and treatment in cases of unknown etiology of iron deficiency anemia even in the absence of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints and non-revealing previous GI workup with colonoscopy
Aplicação da metodologia QFD no desenvolvimento de suporte utilizado em drones de corrida feito por manufatura aditiva
Authors: Chixaro Davi , Drozda Fabiano , Silva Ricardo
Published: February 2024

A indústria de drones tem crescido, especialmente no nicho de drones de corrida, frequentemente construídos usando peças modulares seguindo o conceito "faça você mesmo" (DIY). Este artigo estuda o uso de uma metodologia para definir critérios do cliente, o QFD (Quality Function Deployment), apresentando sua aplicação no desenvolvimento de um produto manufaturado por Modelagem por Deposição Fundida (FDM) de um suporte para câmera GoPro® em drones de corrida. As impressoras 3D são amplamente utilizadas devido à sua rapidez e facilidade de uso, especialmente na prototipagem rápida de peças. Aplicando o QFD para a construção de um protótipo de um suporte de câmera de ação, para drones de corrida, que atendesse as demandas do cliente, posteriormente manufaturados por impressão 3D e avaliados os parâmetros pré-estabelecidos. Os resultados obtidos atenderam os parâmetros pré-estabelecidos do QFD, especialmente o protótipo v03 que obteve os melhores resultados. A ferramenta foi especialmente útil ao definir quais critérios seriam estudados e como seriam aplicados no desenvolvimento do produto.
Heuristic Strategies in Mathematical Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Georgina Elizabeth Soledispa Chico Georgina Elizabeth , Parra Romero Scarlett Mariela
Published: February 2024

Solving math problems is one of the main challenges faced by students at all levels of education, for some, it is an exciting challenge, but for others, it can be a situation of great complexity and emotional stress. In this way, in this work the resolution of mathematical problems using heuristic strategies has been proposed, so that the student can face calculation situations with a general and broad vision, approaching the problem with multiple approaches and without getting stuck in the attempt to find a single solution. We worked with a group of 30 students so that it was possible to validate a contrast between the procedures used before and after the strategies. The main results show that heuristic strategies are a significant contribution to the visualization and resolution of mathematical problems, but they require their implementation and development permanently.
Traditional Knowledge Systems: Cross-Culturally Exploring The Medical Anthropology of Diet Wellness
Authors: Doshi Arya
Published: February 2024

Traditional Knowledge Systems (TKS) in Indigenous communities worldwide shape lifestyle and eating habits, with a focus on the thermostatic properties of food and balance in the body. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda are examples of TKS that emphasize individualized diets based on factors such as age, season, and constitution. In Indigenous communities, cultural beliefs about food during pregnancy influence dietary choices. Villagers in South India consider pregnancy a "hot" condition and restrict the consumption of "hot" foods to prevent excessive heat in the body. Additionally, climate change impacts food security in Indigenous communities, affecting the nutritional status of pregnant women. In Uganda, the Batwa community experienced a loss of traditional food sources due to eviction from their lands, exacerbating food insecurity during pregnancy. Climate change also affects food accessibility and the gender disparities in agriculture contribute to food insecurity. Furthermore, gender differences play a role in the relationship between interpersonal stress and shape and weight concerns, with girls showing stronger correlations in these areas. In this review, we uncover the intricacies associated with creating a diet and emphasize the wide range of cultural influences that shape these choices on an individual and communal scale.
Exploring the Correlation between Emotional Color Perception and Myers-Briggs Personality Types: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Robbins Talia , Thompkins Todd
Published: February 2024

The influence of a color’s emotional connotation is a ubiquitous presence, found woven through our known world and shaping our perspectives and interactions. A common debate is that which calls into question the varying ways in which humans emotionally perceive different colors. This study seeks to ascertain whether an individual's personality traits and behavioral patterns, as characterized by the Myers-Briggs Personality Indicator Test, play a characterizing role in this thought process. To decipher an individual’s specific personality traits, 200 participants are subject to a Meyers-Briggs Personality Type Test. The Myers-Briggs Personality Test, developed by Isabel Myers and her mother Katherine Briggs is a self-report inventory designed to identify an individual’s personality type, strengths, and preferences (Cherry, 2022). The questionnaire is comprised of eight different characteristics that are ultimately conjoined to create one unique personality description. Once an individual’s personality type was deciphered, they were subject to a test in which they are to choose the positive, negative, or neutral emotional connotation of each of the 6 colors in the rainbow in a scenic image. The correlations between their MBTI personality type and emotional perceptions of color were then cross-analyzed to understand the existent relations. The results of this study depict that the initial hypothesis has been validated, demonstrating a significant correlation between emotional color perception and personality types as categorized by the Myers-Briggs personality model. Each pairing of the Myers-Briggs model exemplified a strong association to a specific color connotation.
Time-Series Signals of Affect and Neural Dynamics with Technology to Identify Depression Risk
Authors: Jamal Rinaz , Kullar Monica
Published: February 2024

Despite extensive research documenting the impact of depression on basic human developmental parameters (employment, health, education, social roles, and overall quality of life), multiple individual and systemic barriers limit accessibility to clinical assistance among vulnerable populations. Research-backed digital interventions, such as smartphone applications, may serve as convenient and reliable tools for detecting and monitoring depressive symptoms and attenuate the increasing pressure on conventional mental health resources. This review evaluates the significance of key time-series signals of affect dynamics (average levels, granularity, variability, instability, inertia) and electroencephalographic (EEG) patterns (power spectrum of frequency bands, alpha asymmetry) in predicting critical transitions in depressive symptom severity. An evidence-based prototype for a smartphone application that can reliably integrate multivariate time-series signals of affect dynamics and neural oscillations is proposed, to prospectively anticipate and detect affective abnormalities with greater accuracy in individuals susceptible to depression.
Open Doors: Understanding LGBTQ-Affirming Perspectives in Church Leadership
Authors: Kitaen Leo , Xu Jenny
Published: February 2024

LGBTQ Americans experience an internal conflict with Chritianity at a greater rate than their heterosexual counterparts (Pew Research Center, 2013). Previous research has found that religious acceptance of LGBTQ people may increase the well-being of LGBTQ people (Miller, Watson, Eisenberga, 2020). Little research has been conducted relating to the viewpoints of LGBTQ-affirming church clergy. Knowing their viewpoints will provide a first-hand perspective on the impact of LGBTQ acceptance in the church. This can be used to inform the public on how to best support LGBTQ people. In this qualitative phenomenological research study, 6 clergy members from various LGBTQ-affirming churches were interviewed regarding their personal viewpoints and experiences, as well as their church’s ways of supporting LGBTQ people. 5 key themes were identified in their answers: demographic factors, religious experiences, religious beliefs, LGBTQ experiences, and childhood role models. After reviewing main findings, societal implications are discussed, with an emphasis on applying the research to creating more tolerant religious spaces.
Modeling the Water Temperature Profile of Lakes: A Physics Informed Neural Network (PINN) Approach
Authors: Creighton Audrey
Published: February 2024

Water temperature plays an important role in our environment and is applicable to nearly all limnology research, as the temperature of a body of water affects biological activity and growth of organisms such as algae and bacteria. Certain organisms have a preferred temperature range within which they can survive, while others become dormant or die when the water reaches extreme temperatures. The temperature of water also governs the maximum dissolved oxygen concentration of water. Dissolved oxygen in water is important for aquatic life because of its vital role in cellular respiration. Predicting water temperature is also an important factor in determining whether a body of water is acceptable for human use. Warm bodies of water may contain pathogens that can be dangerous to humans.

 

Our research presents a computational method of determining lake water temperature through a novel technique known as physics-informed neural networks (PINNs). PINNs can be used to model and forecast the temperature of water over a specific time period by training a neural network using the data points derived from the discrete form of a partial differential equation and taking into account the boundary conditions. Several factors such as wind, precipitation, and solar energy effects on water temperature were investigated. By using a computer simulation in place of an analytical mathematical model, a tremendous increase in run time speed can be achieved. The results can be used to determine the patterns in water temperature throughout a year, demonstrating the advantages of a PINN over an analytical model.
Deep-Learning Based Automatic Ergonomic Assessment Using Webcam Data
Authors: Lu Owen , Hochgraf Clark
Published: February 2024

Primarily due to increasing computer use, people are spending more and more time sitting in front of a desk every day. However, prolonged sitting has been associated with tiredness, hypertension, and pain in areas like the lower back or shoulders. These symptoms arise for a variety of reasons, but musculoskeletal disorders in particular are largely associated with poor postures. The adverse results caused by poor postures can be controlled with proper training and monitoring. This study attempts to provide automatic ergonomic assessment using only webcam data. Since laptops, desktops, and phones are now widely available and equipped with built-in cameras, this solution is accessible and convenient for most people. More importantly, automatic posture assessment may help to prevent conditions associated with poor posture by giving reminders whenever improper posture occurs. To create our model, we make use of Mediapipe, which provides a solution to identifying keypoint locations from an image. By training our MLP classifier on this key-point data, we achieved a 96.96% test F1 score, indicating that our system serves as a convenient way to assess posture while maintaining high performance. To illustrate our results, we perform a final video classification by overlaying the model’s pre-dictions on each frame.
Monastrol: Unveiling the Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Therapeutic Potential – A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Kolluru Anoushka , Sivalanka Siddharth , Phadke Shreyan , Renganathan Gayathri
Published: February 2024

Cancer, one of the leading causes of death in the world, is characterized by the uncontrollable growth of defective cells in the body, creating lumps of cells known as tumors. Cells undergo uncontrollable growth when checkpoints in the cell cycle are overridden, allowing malignant cells to continue to grow without being killed. In recent studies, scientists have found that the compound monastrol is effective in arresting cells in the cell cycle and experiencing apoptosis or programmed cell death. Monastrol is of particular interest because it affects a kinesin called Eg5, a popular target for cancer therapies since it plays a crucial role in the formation of bipolar spindles during mitosis, which is responsible for dividing the cells. A kinesin is a class of protein that is involved in various cellular functions. Most importantly, their involvement in mitosis is what makes them important in cancer. By inhibiting the basal and microtubule stimulate ATPase activity of the Eg5 motor domain, the monastrol alters the ability of the Eg5 to generate force, thereby preventing it from maintaining the bipolar spindles and leading to cell death.
From Main Street to Wall Street: Analysis of Retail Trading Power After The GameStop Squeeze
Authors: Simpson Alexander
Published: February 2024

Social media can be used as a tool to help investors gather and disseminate information about the stock market. However, this tool also presents opportunities for market manipulation through mass coordination that many retail traders use to gain an advantage over more prominent market participants. Analyzing millions of mentions sent on the social media platform Reddit in r/WallStreetBets, we found that an abnormally higher number of mentions is associated with a price and volume increase of the security. Examining these dependent variables through a descriptive and correlational study through the years, along with mentions in various sized companies, we found that smaller to larger-sized companies retained and increased some retail influence through the evolution of the pump-and-dump tactics, while the general market (ETFs) had zero to no real longterm retail influence. Our findings indicate an evolution to modern-day market structure as retail traders have increased long-term power in the market, though limited in their effect on the whole market
Potential for Conduit Hydropower at NYC's Newtown Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant
Authors: Davidoff Reece , Ramamurthy Prathap
Published: February 2024

The Newtown Creek facility is New York City's largest wastewater treatment plant, with the capacity to treat up to 2.65 billion liters of combined sewage (rainfall and raw sewage) each day. After treatment at the plant, clean water flows out to the nearby East River via an outfall pipe. On average, the plant treats 810 million liters of combined sewage per day, which means there is potential to extract significant amounts of energy from the water flowing through the outfall. This paper first verifies that hydropower is a viable option at the plant by calculating the theoretical amount of power available from the running water, then determines what type of turbine would be the most appropriate for the outfall, and finally calculates how much electricity could realistically be generated by a turbine in the outfall. The bulb turbine was identified as the most appropriate type of turbine, and it was approximated that a bulb turbine in the outfall could produce, on average, 263 kilowatts of power. Considering that the plant runs year-round, a total of 2.24 gigawatt hours of clean electricity could be generated annually, which could be used to help power the energy-intensive wastewater treatment process or be fed back into New York City's electrical grid, where it could power up to 211 homes annually.
A Cost Analysis of Two-Stage Thermophilic-Mesophilic Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Systems
Authors: Chu Daniel , Yuan Riley
Published: February 2024

Anaerobic bacteria have displayed great potential as a wastewater treatment method because of their efficiency, high methane yield, and low input requirements. In the past, studies have investigated various aspects of these systems, including their chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, methane yield, and retention times. However, they have mostly focused on single stage high rate anaerobic (HRAA) reactors such as the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. In this paper, we aim to synthesize the results of these studies to investigate the advantages of building upon the UASB via a two-stage thermophilic-mesophilic (T-M) reactor system with an anaerobic filter (AF) as the acidification tank. The key constraint for adopting two-stage anaerobic systems is primarily related to construction and O&M costs. Therefore, we propose adjusting pH levels and influent flow rates to enhance energy generation and cost-efficiency. This approach aims to encourage greater utilization of two-stage anaerobic systems for wastewater treatment by lowering costs and increasing profits.
The Incidence Side Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs in the Intensive Care Unit General Hospital Dr.M.Ddjamil Padang
Authors: Nosa Ulfa Syafli , Kardela Widya , Bellatasie Rezlie , Ramadhani Wanda Aulya
Published: February 2024

To lower morbidity and mortality from disease complications, the goal of hypertension treatment is to maintain target blood pressure. The management of hypertension necessitates lifelong medication, which carries the risk of adverse drug reactions. This study attempts to ascertain the occurrence of antihypertensive drug side effects and the description of antihypertensive drug use in Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital's Intensive Care Unit based on the Naranjo algorithm. Using cross-sectional methodology and retrospective data, this study is an example of non-experimental descriptive research. 60 patients met the inclusion criteria according to the study's findings. The most utilized medicines were those in the Calcium channel blocker (CCB) class. The incidence of side effects was found to be 18 patients (55 different types of pharmaceuticals) in the moderately likely category and 1 patient (2 different types of drugs) in the uncertain category based on the Naranjo algorithm. The side effects that caused more than 10% were edema (12.28%), hypotension (38%), cough (15.78%), and hyponatremia (14.03%). Chest pain (8.77%), shortness of breath (5.26%), nausea, and vomiting (5.26%) were the side effects that manifested <10%. Antihypertensive medication side effects remain in the Central General Hospital (RSUP), Dr. M. Djamil Padang's Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Effect of Violence on Nigerian Adolescents’ Academic Performance: Implication for Counselling
Authors: Ehioghiren Efosa , Izehiuwa Augustina
Published: February 2024

The study investigates the effect of violence on Nigerian adolescents’ academic performance. Three research questions and hypotheses formed the guide for the study. The study adopted a causal research design. The population of the study covered all 174 secondary schools in Ovia Northeast local Government of Edo State, Purposive and stratified random sampling techniques were used in selecting 20 adolescents each from the 15 schools which form the sample of 300 adolescents. Mean and standard deviation were used in analyzing data collected on the research questions while a t-test was used in testing the null hypotheses at 0.05 confidence level using SPSS Version 20. The results revealed that violence, gender and family type have a significant influence on the academic performance of adolescents’ students’ in Ovia Northeast Local Government of Edo State. The implication for counseling is that the counselor should in collaboration with authorities’ war the perpetrator of violence as it is an unacceptable behaviour and as such should not be a codon. It was recommended among others that there is need for adequate counselling by trained counsellors for stakeholders, the victim, the perpetrator, and the general public that violence, gender, and family type have significant influence on adolescents on the academic performance in Ovia Northeast local Government of Edo State.
Reimagining STEM Education in South Africa: Leveraging Indigenous Knowledge Systems Through the M-Know Model for Curriculum Enhancement
Authors: Chinenye Nwokocha Godson , Legg-Jack Dagogo
Published: February 2024

This conceptual paper investigates the integration of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) into South African Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, exploring its conceptions, historical roots, significance, and the challenges and benefits associated with such integration. The objective was to understand the role of IKS in enriching STEM education and its potential contributions to global scientific knowledge. A culturally sensitive research approach was employed, with criteria set for selecting relevant literature on IKS and STEM. The results highlighted the profound historical significance of IKS in South Africa and its potential in bridging cultural gaps in education. Pedagogical innovations rooted in indigenous practices were identified as key to revitalising the STEM learning experience. However, challenges such as educational barriers, policy constraints, and institutional norms were also noted. Thus, the Multiple-ways of knowing (M-Know) model is proposed to demonstrate the possibility of using an integrated approach for the inclusion of IKS and enhancement of the STEM higher education school curriculum in South Africa. The model negotiates for a synergic or integrated arrangement between formal STEM curriculum and IKS in terms of using IKS to interrogate, complement, and consolidate the contents and pedagogy of Westernised STEM education in higher education.
Sonovisual: Transforming Image Description into Dynamic Narratives
Authors: Ingale Krushna , Bamane Pratish , Repal Yash , Rajmane Vaishali
Published: February 2024

Sonovisual is an innovative framework aimed at bridging the gap between static image descriptions and immersive, dynamic narratives. Traditional image descriptions are often limited to static textual representations, lacking the ability to fully convey the visual essence and emotional depth embedded within an image. This project introduces a novel approach that combines cutting-edge image recognition technologies with advanced natural language processing techniques, facilitating the seamless transformation of image features into engaging and vivid narratives. The core of the Sonovisual framework lies in its integration of sophisticated deep learning algorithms, enabling the extraction of intricate visual details and contextual information from images. Leveraging state-of-the-art machine learning models, the system can recognize objects, scenes, and intricate visual patterns, and subsequently generate descriptive narratives that not only encapsulate the visual content but also evoke a multisensory experience for the audience. Through the integration of adaptive storytelling techniques, Sonovisual dynamically adapts its narrative style and tone to cater to different audiences and contexts. By incorporating sentiment analysis and contextual understanding, the framework ensures that the generated narratives resonate with the emotional nuances and cultural sensitivities associated with the depicted imagery. The Sonovisual project holds promise for various applications, including enriching accessibility features for the visually impaired, enhancing educational materials with immersive visual narratives, and augmenting multimedia content with engaging storytelling elements. Additionally, its potential extends to fostering new avenues for creative expression and facilitating enhanced human-computer interaction through visually enriched storytelling experiences.
Application of Textiles in Aerospace
Authors: Tarafder Nemailal
Published: February 2024

Kevlar fibres are critical for use in aerospace purpose due to their ability to perform quality and consistency. In aerospace applications, G-suits is very much interesting and significant role to play for the same purpose. Mid-mountain’s products are innovative and enhancing towards overall fabric performance with manufacturing and applications. As an aerospace material, the manufacturing of aerospace textiles and structures of composites are most successful. In aerospace textiles manufacturing, high-performance textiles are most essential for processing. The textile cloths are considered next to skin has pivotal role to act under variable environmental conditions as well as gravitational force in aerospace operations. Highly developed textiles are mostly applied in building aircraft, spacecraft, etc for the last few years. Arville’s made aerospace fabrics are widely used in civil aircrafts throughout the world for wide big range of applications. Aerospace textile is defined as the combined effects of textile technology and aeronautical engineering. Textiles can play the important role as a clothing and safety performance from the view point of structurally in design with realization of optimal living conditions in space.
Smart Dustbin
Authors: Pradeep V  , Sathwik KD  , Shashidhar  , Sharavi R Rai  , Sateesh Dyavappa Sathyannavar
Published: February 2024

The production of waste is rising as urbanisation spreads quickly. Waste management is an important factor to take into account in public areas when waste overflows from the bins and may cause various diseases. The goal of the current effort is to create a smart dustbin model that can be successfully deployed in public areas of smart cities. The model includes two trash cans, designated as Dustbin A and Dustbin B, which will primarily be kept in public spaces. Dustbin B cannot be used until Dustbin A is completely full, however Dustbin A may be utilised. Once Dustbin A is full, Dustbin B can only be utilised since Dustbin A won’t open until the garbage in Dustbin A is removed. Every time a trash can is full, a communication is sent to the appropriate authority. This will prevent the trash can from overflowing. Depending on whether an obstruction is present, trash cans have an automatic close and open feature. Our system uses an ultrasonic sensor to measure the quantity of trash in the trash cans, IR sensors to detect the existence of obstacles, and a GSM system to send information to the authorised control room..
Upper Eyelid Surgery. Indications and Technique
Authors: Kęcik Mariusz
Published: February 2024

Aging changes in the periorbital region may include the development of excess eyelid skin, hernation of orbital fat, descent of the eyebrows. These changes affect the limitation of the field of vision and the aesthetics of this area.
Blepharoplasty is a popular technique for eyelid rejuvenation.
Autor discus blepharoplasty role in periorbital rejuvenation, restoring the function of the eyelids, provide some information about patient selection, surgical technique and complication of surgery. Autor present methods of skin removal, treatment of the orbicularis oculi muscle and palpebral fat in order to obtain a good functional and aesthetic effect.
Electrolysis of Eyelashes – a Permanent Treatment Method for Patients with Aberrant Eyelash Growth
Authors: Bakalarski Krystian , Ulaszewska Katarzyna , Różycka Katarzyna , Różycka Małgorzata , Nesterowicz Piotr , Różycki Radosław
Published: February 2024

Eyelashes constitute a protective apparatus for our eyes, which is why their improper growth negatively affects the aesthetics and condition of the ocular surface. Electrolysis of eyelashes is one of the methods used to treat this condition. This paper focuses on discussing the procedure, mechanism of action, and achieved results of eyelash electrolysis. The presented conclusions aim to broaden knowledge about this method and emphasize its potential in improving the quality of life for patients with issues related to abnormal eyelash growth.
To conduct a literature review, relevant scientific publications on eyelash electrolysis were identified through database searches. Additionally, the study presents a photographic representation of the course of the electrolysis procedure.
Electrolysis, also known as galvanization, is based on the chemical breakdown of tissues under the influence of direct current. In the hair follicle, electrolysis reactions lead to the generation of gases that interact with the hair tissue. The procedure can be an effective option for patients with trichiasis or distichiasis.
The effectiveness of electrolysis depends on close contact with stem cells, and results suggest a lasting effect for the majority of patients. Patient age and operator experience impact efficacy. Electrolysis appears to be more efficient than lash ablation or thermolysis and is associated with a lower likelihood of complications.
The literature review has yielded essential conclusions for the ophthalmologist’s practice, aiding in more efficient diagnosis and patient management. Given the limited number of available studies, the reisencouragement to further explore the topic of eyelash electrolysis, document cases, and foster collaborative scientific efforts to find the optimal treatment method for patients with abnormal eyelash growth.
The Importance of Retinal Electrophysiology in Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Durajczyk Magdalena , Lubiński Wojciech
Published: February 2024

Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a rare disease of probable autoimmune origin. Periodic retinal electrophysiological testing plays a significant role in the diagnosis and monitoring of this disease. This article reviews the literature available in pubmed from1988–2022 on Birdshot chorioretinopathy, with a focus on retinal electrophysiological studies.
Anterior Uveitis Due to Cytomegalovirus Infection in Immunocompetent Patients – Diagnosis and Treatment Based on Clinical Examples
Authors: Guszkowska Maria , Łazicka-Gałecka Monika , Kamińska Anna , Szaflik Jacek P.
Published: February 2024

Uveitis caused by reactivation of cytomegalovirus appears to be a rare disease that usually affects immunocompromised patients, but a recent review of the literature provides us with more and more examples of its occurrence in immunocompetent individuals as well. With the widespread use of polymerization chain reaction tests from the aqueous fluid, it has been demonstrated that cytomegalovirus may be responsible for most cases of the infectious iritis. The variable clinical course of cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis can make it difficult to provide an appropriate diagnosis. The key is to promptly initiate appropriate treatment and effectively prevent recurrence, as the reis a very high risk of complications, i.e. glaucoma or macular edema. Based on exemplary clinical cases, the different forms of inflammation, diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery – 10 Years of Experience
Authors: Kroczek Marta , Kałużny Bartłomiej J.
Published: February 2024

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is a procedure known for more than a decade. The review compares this surgical technique with conventional cataract phacoemulsification – the most frequently performed operation of this type. The review took into account metanalysis, clinical trials and reports from the last 10 years to evaluate several aspects, including intraoperative parameters, surgical complications and advantages for patients. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is the method with less effective phacoemulsification time, cumulative dissipate energy and better intraocular lens centration. Reduction of aberrations in presbyopia correcting intraocular lens is also noticeable. Best uncorrected and corrected visual acuity and postoperative predicted refraction are similar in both groups of patients. Surgical complications are comparable as well. Noteworthy is the fact that patients with hard nuclear cataracts have smaller endothelial cell loss. The results for low and medium severity of cataracts are mostly the same in laser-assisted surgery versus phacoemulsification. Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery is a new solution for patients with low endothelial density or endothelial dystrophy, especially in advanced cataracts. The procedure is also recommended for surgery with presbyopia-correcting lens implantation due to better centration and smaller ocular
aberrations. This whole new surgical technique requires greater financial outlay but provides some improvements in cataract surgery
Higher-order Aberrations as an Increasingly Important Parameter During the Qualification of a Patient for Cataract Surgery
Authors: Porwolik Mateusz , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa
Published: February 2024

Higher order aberrations are complex optical errors that affect the quality of vision, especially in low light conditions. The article discusses the impact of higher order aberrations on the choice of intraocular lens during cataract removal surgery. These aberrations affect the patient’s vision quality after the surgery, and their analysis allows for a more precise selection of intraocular lens, increasing the chances of achieving better clinical outcomes. The article covers the main types of higher order aberrations and their impact on the choice of intraocular lens. The number of higher order aberrations changes with the patient’s age and can be the cause of suboptimal outcomes after the implantation of multifocal IOLs. Preoperative examination of the patient, taking into account higher order aberrations, is crucial for obtaining satisfactory postoperative results. Further research on higher order aberrations is essential for the development of technologically advanced intraocular lenses.
Viral Eye Infections
Authors: Brzostek Aleksandra , Langwińska Ewa
Published: February 2024

Viral eye infections are a frequent cause of „pink eye” like: conjunctivitis, keratitis or uveitis. It is caused by viruses like adenovirus, herpes virus, less often by pox-viruses, Varicella- Zoster virus or lately conjunctivitis due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms include irritation, photophobia, pain, red or swollen eyes, blurred vision and watery discharge. Viral conjunctivitis as like bacterial is highly contagious. It is usually clears up without treatment in 7 to 14 days but sometimes antiviral eye drops or corticosteroids are beneficial. This infections – viral – are more common in adults than in children.
Mold Fungi at the Human Environment – Underestimate Danger
Authors: Borowska Sława , Wójcik Aleksandra
Published: February 2024

Introduction

According to Dz. U. nr 75 of 15 June 2002, building law does not allow visible signs of mold fungi in rooms used by people and imposes immediate renovation because of exposure to spores. Which being absorbed via airway and skin may be main sources of three forms: infection, allergy and toxicity. Mycotoxins get to the organism via digestive tract or airway with dust particles or food.

Caused illnesses

Dry eye syndrome, eye socket necrosis, acute, persistent poisoning, impaired immunity, sinusitis, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, air and skin allergy, headache, muscle aches, artralgia. Constant irritability, fatigue, insomnia, reduce concentration, memory disorder, even depression. In the digestive tract disturb metabolism, in extreme cases causing cirrhosis, even cancer; disorder pancreas, ovaries, prostate, and lead to sterility,
kidney dysfunctions.
Growth of fungi is connected with insufficient heating and ventilation. It is derivative socio-economic factors, hygiene level and health care.

Purpose

Is presentation of the resulting threat from fungal spores and toxins exposure which are inside our houses, schools, hospitals, even our food based on available medical literature

Conclusions

Mold Fungal toxins have an effect teratogenic, mutagenic and genotoxic inducing damaging many organs in experimental animals. Illnesses and deterioration of health are not connected with spores and toxins exposures. It may lead to wrong diagnosis and not eliminate fungi from the environment, what cause exacerbating symptoms. Fungal infection may be similar to other illneses as: tuberculosis, molluscum contagiosum, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis what can delay proper diagnosis and significantlyreduce chances of survival. Species: Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium were found in high concentrations ta astmatic patients houses. It was connected with asthma symptoms deterioration in 36% to 48% cases.
Stickler Syndrome – Case Report and Literature Analysis
Authors: Górska Aleksandra , Jastrzębska-Miazga Irmina , Lorenc Anna , Leszczyński Rafał , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa
Published: February 2024

Purpose

To present a case of patient with Stickler syndrome and retinal detachment with crystalline lens subluxation.

Material and Methods

Retrospective case report.

Results

A 9-years-old patient approached Ophthalmology Department with retinal detachment in her right eye and proliferative vitreoretinopathy stage D2. Her medical history revealed previous cryotherapy of her right eye, high myopia (-14.5 D), bilateral glaucoma, bilateral posterior subcapsular cataracts and subluxated crystalline lens in her righteye. Further clinical examination of her right eye revealed best corrected visual acuity of light perception
without localization, intraocular pressure 45 mmHg. Patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy with subluxated crystalline lens facoaspiration and silicone
oil injection of her righteye. After 2 months pars plana vitrectomy was repeated with removal of silicon oil and further SF6 endotamponade. During control
examination 6 months later right’s eye best corrected visual acuity was 5/16, intraocular pressure 23 mmHg. In USG of her right eye remains of silicon oil were noticed with retina attached.

Conclusions

Pars plana vitrectomy with silicon oil injection is effective method of treatment of retinal detachement in patients with Stickler syndrome. Those operations might be followed by many complications. Early diagnosis is essential in prevention of ocular complications in patient with Stickler syndrome.
Diabetes Epidemiology vs. Diabetic Changes in the Retina of the Eye
Authors: Robaszkiewicz Jacek
Published: February 2024

Diabetes mellitus has been called the first non-infectious epidemic in the world. The longer it lasts, the more it damages the organs of the body. These changes also affect the eyesight. They manifest themselves in the form of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. If left untreated, diabetic retinopathy can cause severe eye damage up to complete blindness.
Ophthalmological Aspects of Therapy with Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) Inhibitors – a New Group of Hypoglycemic Drugs
Authors: Gontarz Katarzyna , Dorecka Mariola , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa
Published: February 2024

Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 is the major protein responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidneys. Its inhibitors – gliflozins – constitute a new group of hypoglycaemic drugs. The aim of the study is a literature review of ophthalmic aspects of diabetes therapy with the use of this newly introduced group of drugs.
Literature data report the expression of the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 not only in the kidneys, but also in non-renal tissues, e.g. in the retina and the lens. Moreover, they indicate its participation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
In turn, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, according to the available literature, reduce edema and reduce the loss of pericytes of the retina, and thus may prevent pathological changes occurring in the retina in the course of diabetic retinopathy. The results of clinical trials provide evidence of their effectiveness in the treatment of ocular complications of diabetes, i.e. in preventing the development of diabetic retinopathy, reducing diabetic macular edema, and even inhibiting cataract progression. In addition, the literature provides evidence suggesting a beneficial effect of this new group of hypoglycemic drugs on diabetic retinopathy beyond the control of concentration of blood glucose per se, such as 1. improved energy metabolism, reduction of hypoxia, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects in the retina by inducing mild ketonemia, 2. as well as a reduction of production of reactive oxygen species via the ERK/1/2/cPLA2/AA/ROS cell pathway.
Due to the innovativeness of the topic, the number of literature data in its scope is limited. Therefore, it should be keep in mind that the conclusions may not be complete.
Transsleral Cyclophotocoagulation with Micropulse Diode Laser
Authors: Nocoń-Bratek Martyna , Maruszczyk Wojciech , Gontarz Katarzyna , Bogocz Michał , Dorecka Mariola , Mrukwa-Kominek Ewa
Published: February 2024

Laser and surgical treatments are widely used in ophthalmology. Micropulsive transscleral cyclophotocoagulation is a safe, minimally invasive method of treating glaucoma. The MicroPulse laser can be used in children and adults. The success of treatment aimed at preventing eye damage or slowing the progression of the disease depends on proper patient preparation and proper post-operative care. The purpose of the following study is to present the criterion of qualification for the procedure, treatment protocol, effectiveness and safety profile of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation.
Myopia and Strabismus in Children
Authors: Niwald Anna , Grałek Mirosława
Published: February 2024

Myopia is the refractive state of the eye when light rays are focused in front of the retina and is typically associated with axial elongation. Myopia in children can coexist with disorders of alignment and mobility of the eyeballs, with strabismus. The study discusses the aetiology of both diseases, symptoms, diagnostics and management. Diagnosis of myopia and strabismus requires a specialized panel of various tests, taking into account the state of the vision organ condition in child, the age of the patient and the possibility of cooperation with him. Strabismus associated with myopia is often a diagnostic and a therapeutic challenge for the ophthalmologist. The treatment of myopia and strabismus includes conservative, pharmacological and surgical management. Strabismus surgery includes classical methods, their modifications and new surgical techniques, introduced in the recent years. Children treated for myopia and strabismus require systematic ophthalmological/ strabological control.
Optical Coherence Tomography as a Diagnostic Tool in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Chrzanowska-Grenda Beata , Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk Alina
Published: February 2024

Purpose

To evaluate the value of optical coherence tomography as a diagnostic tool in retinopathy of prematurity

Material and Methods

a short summary of the pesntknowlage about the optical coherence tomography usefulness in diagnostics of retinopathy of prematurity.

Conclusions

Comprehensive ophthalmological examination and treatment followed by the use of the diagnostic tools such as optical coherence tomography in children with reinopathy of prematurity will allow to decide of proper timing and method of treatment. Subsequently this will contribute in achieving the best possible visual acuity and thus a higher quality of life in these children.