bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFERENCIAIS DE AVALIAÇÃO INSTITUCIONAL EM PORTUGAL E NO BRASIL: UMA ABORDAGEM NO CONTEXTO DE GLOBALIZAÇÃO E DAS POLÍTICAS DE ACCOUNTABILITY*
Authors: Maia Ila Beatriz Da Silva
Published: November 2022

Este artigo incide na temática da avaliação institucional de escolas do ensino não superior, no contexto da globalização, do neoliberalismo e das políticas de accountability, com foco para os resultados escolares e para as práticas de inovação curricular. A metodologia do estudo é de natureza qualitativa, com recurso à pesquisa documental, tendo como corpus documental os referenciais da avaliação institucional adotados em Portugal e no Brasil. Este estudo possibilita uma discussão sustentada sobre a qualidade da escola, com foco para as agendas educativas centradas em resultados e para as práticas de inovação curricular orientadas para o sucesso dos alunos, a partir de referenciais de avaliação institucional.
AS DESIGUALDADES EDUCACIONAIS E DIGITAIS: POSSÍVEIS ASSOCIAÇÕES NA REDE PÚBLICA ESTADUAL DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Lima Carla Da Conceição de
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir possíveis associações entre as desigualdades educacionais e digitais enquanto fatores que podem aprofundar a falta de equidade nas escolas estaduais de Minas Gerais. A partir do referencial teórico da sociologia da educação e da metodologia quantitativa com microdados do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica e da TIC Domicílios, analisamos a desigualdade educacional e digital. A desigualdade educacional, observada pela média de proficiência a partir do gênero, raça/cor e nível socioeconômico dos estudantes, apresenta-se de forma mais contundente nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. A desigualdade digital, estratificada por acesso à internet e posse de equipamentos, possui significativas diferenças a partir do nível socioeconômico dos indivíduos e localização socioespacial dos domicílios. Portanto, a associação entre as duas desigualdades, além de aprofundá-las, pode apresentar efeitos significativos na aprendizagem dos estudantes.
REFORMA PSIQUIÁTRICA: DA LUTA ANTIMANICOMIAL AO DESMONTE DAS POLÍTICAS DE SAÚDE MENTAL NO BRASIL
Authors: Brito Fátima Saionara Leandro , Vitorino Monique Alves
Published: November 2022

Por meio do presente artigo, buscou-se historicizar os movimentos reformadores da saúde mental no Brasil que, desde a década de 1970, estabeleceram um combate às formas degradantes de tratamento em saúde mental, as quais se pautavam no enclausuramento e na exclusão social dos sujeitos nomeados loucos. Tais movimentos tiveram suas ações legitimadas a partir da efetivação da Lei Federal nº 10.216, de 06 de abril de 2001, mais conhecida como a Lei da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Além desse processo histórico, buscou-se problematizar as novas ações do Ministério da Saúde que, desde o ano de 2017, vêm instaurando, por meio de portarias, decretos e resoluções, o retorno às antigas técnicas de tratamento ao portador de transtornos mentais e o consequente desmonte da luta antimanicomial.
“SÊ TU, HOMEM, CAUTELOSO COM TEU CORPO E ESCUTA OS BONS CONSELHOS”: COMBATES EM PROL DE UMA NAÇÃO IDEAL EM CAXIAS/MA, DURANTE A PRIMEIRA REPÚBLICA, À LUZ DA IMPRENSA
Authors: Ribeiro Jakson Dos Santos
Published: November 2022

O presente texto tem como objetivo analisar, a partir dos anúncios voltados para o público masculino, as questões que formalizavam, dentro do contexto caxiense, uma forma de perceber esse homem envolto de mudanças que ocorriam no limiar do século XX. Além destes aspectos, propõe-se, também, analisar como a imprensa corporificava, em seus discursos, propagandas voltadas para os cuidados com o corpo. Para isso, serão examinados os anúncios veiculados na imprensa caxiense, neste recorte temporal, para perceber essa idealização de corpos saudáveis. Por essa perspectiva, pretende-se pensar, a partir dos anúncios que eram publicados pelos jornais, quais eram os males que poderiam ocasionar o mal-estar dos corpos desses homens da sociedade caxiense, naquele momento da Primeira República.
ENTRE A MANUTENÇÃO E A RESISTÊNCIA: PROCESSOS DE SIGNIFICAÇÃO DO ESPORTE NO ORIENTE MÉDIO
Authors: Dawud Hanin Majdi Waleed Mustafa Kassem , Quitzau Evelise Amgarten , Silveira Viviane Teixeira , Moraes e Silva Marcelo
Published: November 2022

O presente ensaio busca analisar a inserção do esporte moderno no contexto do Oriente Médio entre os seus processos de colonização e busca por independência. O artigo aborda questões a respeito da partilha do Império Otomano entre potências europeias no século XX, estabelecendo um paralelo com o surgimento da Primavera Árabe no século XXI. Encontrou-se um palco de negociações entre governo e população diante da construção e gestão de identidades nacionais. Neste cenário, o ensaio conclui que a implantação do esporte moderno apareceu como um elemento importante em meio a uma trajetória de disputas.
PENSAR A RELAÇÃO ENTRE GÊNERO E ESPORTE A PARTIR DO BOXE PRATICADO POR MULHERES
Authors: Bandeira Gustavo Andrada , Moreira Verónica
Published: November 2022

Os esportes poderiam potencializar uma discussão sobre o conceito de gênero? Poderia existir uma exigência de performance esportiva que desconsiderasse o corpo sexuado/generificado de seus e de suas atletas? Qual o peso dos adjetivos de gênero masculino ou feminino para pensar as práticas esportivas? Partimos de uma experiência etnográfica de uma antropóloga que passou a praticar boxe em dois ginásios em Buenos Aires, Argentina. Também acompanhamos, no meio da torcida, no ginásio da Federação Argentina de Boxe a luta pela unificação dos títulos mundiais entre as lutadoras Celeste La Bestia Peralta e Ana Laura La Monita Esteche, em 2016. Talvez a ideia do esporte sem gênero possa ser entendida como certa utopia. Eventualmente, os esforços poderiam caminhar por essa direção fazendo com que as qualidades das ações nas práticas esportivas possuam maior preponderância do que o sexo/gênero daqueles que praticam determinada modalidade.
TRATAR O SOCIAL: PERCURSOS EM UM HOSPITAL ESPECIALIZADO NO TRATAMENTO DE TUBERCULOSES RESISTENTES
Authors: Boldrin Juliana , Rui Taniele
Published: November 2022

Este artigo aborda como o social se torna parte das práticas de tratamento hospitalar de tuberculoses resistentes desde um espaço de exceção: o hospital estadual Nestor Goulart Reis, referência do estado de São Paulo nesse tipo específico de tratamento. É um hospital que atende uma população que, por motivos sociais – situação de rua, pobreza e consumo de drogas –, não consegue realizar o tratamento, que é de longa duração e, desde 1980, preconizado no esquema ambulatorial. O artigo percorre o itinerário padrão da internação e do tratamento nas tessituras institucionais, com o objetivo de etnografar as emergências e transformações do social nas várias fases do tratamento. Com isso, argumenta-se que o social é uma categoria múltipla e situacional que se faz nos documentos, nas práticas de cuidado, na arquitetura disciplinar, nas diferentes temporalidades do tratamento e, ainda, na própria possibilidade de imaginar o futuro.
DESENCONTROS ENTRE COSMOPERCEPÇÕES AFRICANAS (ETNIAS YORÙBÁ E IGBO) E FEMINISMOS OCIDENTAIS SOBRE MATERNIDADE. NOTAS A PARTIR DE IFI AMADIUME E OYÈRÓNKÉ OYÉWÙMÍ
Authors: Castro Mary Garcia
Published: November 2022

Considera-se este artigo, notas, modelado com o objetivo de contribuirpara debates sobre reprodução social, trabalho doméstico e maternidade, em curso e por vir. É também parte hoje de um projeto de vida que se norteia por “decolonizar saberes”, mais conhecer sobre a mãe África, a ancestralidade comum, e, de alguma forma, lidar criticamente com a minha branquitude. Após breves referências às etnias Igbo e Yorùbáeàs autoras nigerianas Amaudime e Oyéwùmí, discuto artigo de Amadiume (2005), mais referido à cultura Igbo e publicações de Oyéwùmí (2000, 2005 e 2015) que decolam da filosofia de vida da cultura Yorùbá, destacando críticas dessas autoras a formulações feministas ocidentais sobre gênero e maternidade. De Oyéwùmí (2015) pinço o conceito de “matripotência” sugerido pela cultura Yorùbá e o que considera como “materfobia” em perspectivas feministas ocidentais. Identifico, acima de tais divergências, a propriedade, ou melhor, a potencialidade da maternidade para a reprodução social.
Uncertainty in multimorbidity: a shared experience we should recognise, acknowledge and communicate
Authors: Etkind Simon Noah
Published: November 2022

Multimorbidity is increasingly common and inevitably results in uncertainties about health, care and the future. Such uncertainties may be experienced by patients, carers and health professionals. Given the ubiquitous presence of uncertainty, all professionals should be prepared to approach and address it in clinical practice. Uncertainty in multimorbidity can rarely be eliminated, and so, must be carefully addressed and communicated; however, there is little evidence on how to approach it. Key areas are: recognising the existence of uncertainty, acknowledging it, and communicating to achieve a shared understanding. Evaluation of what has been discussed, and preparedness to repeat such conversations are also important. Future research should explore optimal communication of uncertainty in multimorbidity.
Taming the issue of ‘greenwashing’
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: November 2022

Adam Bernstein explains the growing problem of greenwashing.
Speaking up: the opportunity to make a real difference
Authors: Tutani Agnes
Published: November 2022

In this article, Agnes Tutani discusses the freedom to speak up guardian role and explains how to raise a concern in the workplace.
Physical Development on a Budget: Up the Wall
Authors: Manners Lala
Published: November 2022

How can children and their caregivers use walls to promote physical activity? Dr Lala Manners has a raft of ideas for using this familiar resource to enable PD
Multi-tasking for SEND
Authors: Goddard Charlotte
Published: November 2022

With complex special needs in children reportedly on the rise, qualified SENCO staff have been identified as key to supporting them. Charlotte Goddard reports
Modification of Sporulation Medium for Isolation and Identification of Colletotrichum Gloeosporioiedes - A Causal Agent of Anthracnose of Mangifera Indica L
Authors: Alam Ashraful , Adhikary Sanjoy Kumar , Ahmed Mahtalat
Published: November 2022

In the present study, different isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioiedes were collected from different mango growing areas of Bangladesh. Pathogenecity was proved by using healthy excised leaves in laboratory conditions. Effects of mycelial growth and sporulation (formation of acervuli) on six different culture media were tested in vitro. The results revealed significant differences (p<0.05) mycelia growth among the media. The results also indicated that the mycelial growth was maximum in Potato Dextrose Agar (12.8mm) media and the lowest in Green Bean Agar (8.0mm). The study disclosed significant difference (p<0.05) of acervuli formation among the media. Among the 6 different media the maximum acervuli were produced in HLEA (4.0 per square. cm) medium. But the sporulating characters of the fungus were not produced well in PDA and HLEA media rather than OMA. Thus, to find out the best composition of OMA for further research was conducted to obtain better growth and acervuli production and sporulating characters. The results revealed significant difference (p<0.05) of different characters among the concentration of OMA, and 20g/L OMA produced significantly maximum setae, conidia and sticky masses of conidia than others. The study suggested that Oat Meal Agar (20g/L) composition was the best medium for the sporulation of C. gloeosporioiedes (Setae, conidia and sticky masses of spores).
Effects of Some Presowing Treatments on Germination of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Under Salt Stress
Authors: Kul Raziye , Ekinci Melek , Yildirim Ertan
Published: November 2022

This research was carried out to determine effects of gibberellic acid (GA) (25, 50 and 100 ppm), kinetin (K) (10, 25 and 50 ppm), ascorbic acid (AA) (0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mM) and hydropriming on germination of eggplant under salt stress (0 mM, 60 mM and 120 mM NaCl) in Atatürk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture. Seeds were kept in distilled water, GA, K and AA solutions for 24 h. Then, 50 seeds were put petri dishes with 0 mM, 60 mM and 120 mM NaCl. In the study, it was determined that salt stress negatively affected germination percentage (GP) and mean germination time (MGT) in eggplant. However, it was found that hormone and water treatments significantly improved GP and MGT compared to control and ameliorated the negative effect of salt stress. The best practice for GP and MGT was hydropriming under salt stress. According to the results obtained from the study, hydropriming and hormone treatments can be used as an alternative method in reducing the negative effects of salt stress in eggplant during germination.
Primary Amenorrhea in Pallister Killian Syndrome: Clinical Manifestation or Complication?
Authors: Abbattista Luisa , Baldassarre Paola , Grazi Roberta , Calcaterra Valeria , Carlucci Patrizia , Fabiano Valentina , Erba Paola , Verduci Elvira , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Pallister-Killian syndrome (PKS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a mosaic tetrasomy of the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p). PKS has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations which vary in different age groups. However, in the up to date literature there are no reported cases of puberty disorder associated with this syndrome. We describe a caucasian 17- year-old girl with PKS with primary amenorrhea as failure of appropriate pubertal progression.
Patient: at first general examination, the patient shows a phenotype compatible with the PKS of adulthood was noted. Auxological data revealed undernutrition (BMI ?3 z-score), with pubertal Tanner stage 3. A retarded bone age was detected. At pelvic ultrasound prepubertal uterus and microfollicular ovaries were noted. The laboratory data was compatible with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
Conclusion: this is the first case of primary amenorrhea in PKS. It would be interesting to reassess this novel finding in other patients affected by the same condition in order to establish whether hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is a typical clinical manifestation of the syndrome or it’s secondary to nutritional and stressful status.
Phytoestrogens in Soybean and Precocious Pubertal Development: Causality or Casuality?
Authors: Calcaterra Valeria , Regalbuto Corrado , Mercurio Giuseppe , Tenuta Elisavietta , Verduci Elvira , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Fabiano Valentina
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Data on the effects of phytoestrogens soy exposure on pubertal timing have been equivocal. We reported a case of a girl who had eaten only soy and derivatives for her first 9 years of life and presented clinical manifestation of precocious pubertal development.
Case presentation: A caucasian female infant, after 40 days of exclusive breastfeeding, was introduced to soy formula due to suspected milk protein allergy. Since then, the patient ate soy beverage and soy-based foods exclusively. At the age of 7 years and 9 months, the girl showed premature thelarche and pubarche. Advanced skeletal age was detected. Peak of LH after GnRH stimulation test was <5 mU/ml. At the age of 9 years, Tanner pubertal stage was 3, with a further advanced bone age; initial pubertal growth spurt and estrogenization of the external genitalia were also revealed. GnRH stimulation test produced a peak of LH 3.7 mU/ml. Other hormonal parameters resulted within normality ranges. Suspension of the intake of soy-based Fozods was adopted. After 6- 12 months of follow-up, the physical examination and lab results were unchanged compared to the previous investigation, without progression of bone age. A slow progression of puberty was recorded. The patient had menarche at the age of 11 years and 1 month.
Conclusion: This case suggests that soybean compounds may play a key role, as an environmental factor, in the precocious pubertal development. Special attention to diet is mandatory in pediatric age in order to preserve a physiological development and future health.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Paediatrics: A Short Review
Authors: Tei Monica , Lotti Federica , Storelli Flavio , Grosso Salvatore
Published: November 2022

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an under-recognized cause of paediatric liver disease. Although DILI in children accounts for about 1% of all reported adverse drug reactions throughout all age groups and less than 10% of all clinical DILI cases, it is responsible for about 20% of acute liver failure (ALF) cases. A wide range of drugs, herbal products and nutritional supplements have been associated with the development of DILI through dose-dependent, idiosyncratic or indirect mechanism. Limited literature is available in pediatric population, making DILI a still challenging diagnosis. An accurate medical history is of pivotal importance and should investigate about drug consumption, clinical and laboratory findings, individual and family risk factors for drug-related side effects or comorbidities, the timing of the injury onset after the implicated agent has been started (latency). Clinical presentation of DILI varies from asymptomatic or very mild to serious and sometimes fatal conditions; laboratory tests may be helpful in ruling out other causes of liver injury but, with few exceptions, they are aspecific. Early suspicion and prompt withdrawal of the offending drug play a key role for a successful management of most cases.

Rarely a specific therapy is available, as for acetaminophen toxicity, treated with N-acetylcysteine, and sodium valproate toxicity, where carnitine may be beneficial. Although controlled trials are not available yet, corticosteroids and ursodeoxycholic acid can be considered if no improvement is proven after discontinuation of drug.

The present short review is not intended to deal with all aspects concerning DILI but to focus on epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, practical management and current challenges in paediatric age.
The Prevalence of Congenital Malformation Secondary to TORCH Infection in Southeastern Romania
Authors: Pinzaru Anca Daniela , Mihai Cristina Maria , Ungureanu Adina , Cambrea Simona Claudia
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Considered a medical burden due to financial high consumption and leading to human losses the preventable congenital malformation determined by the TORCH system is still encountered in our activity. Purpose: Infant mortality is considered an important medical problem for all countries. Romania has been ranked first in Europe at infant mortality for many years in a row. Looking for strategies to decrease these results is our main purpose.

Material and Method: This study was conducted in the Pediatric Department of the Clinical County Hospital of Constanta. Through a 5-year-period (March 2015- March 2020) 21 patients, aged 1-12 months were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: According to seroprevalence distribution we gathered CMV - 9 cases, syphilis -7 cases, Hepatitis B -2 cases, congenital rubella -1 case, toxoplasmosis and HIV- 1 case each. As we can notice the higher incidence is determined by cytomegalovirus (CMV), followed by congenital syphilis and hepatitis B virus. Main complains at admission were fever (33,6%), lymphadenopathy (22,6%), seizures (12%), respiratory distress (2.5%), jaundice (5,3%), vomiting (1%), growth deficit (26%), microcephaly (4.3%), rash (15,3%). After the initial physical exam and complementary investigations, it was determined that 38% of the cases had severe neurological impairment. 25.6% were diagnosed with epilepsy. 78.5% were born preterm, and more than half were secondary to CMV infection.

Conclusion: TORCH complex has in important impact on mothers as well as on newborns and later it could affect the future adult life and health.
Corrosion Behavior of Dental Alloys Under Artificial Saliva Solution with Different pH Values
Authors: Chang Yen-Hao , Pan Yan-Ting , Chao Chih-Yeh , Lee Huey-Er , Wu Ju-Hui
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the corrosion behavior of four different dental casting alloys in artificial saliva solutions with varying pH values. Microstructures were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion behavior of the experimental alloys in artificial saliva was examined using potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The high noble alloy (Au-8.5Pt-2.6Pd-1.4In) exhibited better corrosion resistance with lower anodic current densities in the pH range of 3–5. The anodic current density of the noble alloy (Au-24.9Pd-19.0Ag-5.5In) decreased as the pH decreased. The noble (Pd-37.7Ag-8.5Sn) and base metal (Ni-25Cr-11.5Mo-1.4Si) alloys exhibited lower corrosion resistance with a relatively high current density at pH 3. Compared with noble alloys, base metal alloys exhibited good corrosion resistance in this study. This makes them a promising material for dental castings considering the complex pH changes in the oral environment.
The use of Antibiotics in Paediatric Dentistry: A Revision of Current Recommendations
Authors: Piekoszewska-Ziętek Paula
Published: November 2022

Antibiotics are commonly used in medicine and dentistry for both preventive and therapeutic reasons. They are most widely prescribed medications in paediatric dentistry. According to the literature, approximately 7-11% of antibiotic therapy is prescribed by dentists. The most commonly used are β-lactam antibiotics, macrolides, tetracyclines, clindamycin, metronidazole. Unrestricted use of antibiotics is a cause of growing bacterial resistance. The aim of the study was to review the literature for the clinical indications, dosages, and duration of antibiotic therapy in the field of peadiatric dentistry. The author reviewed the scientific literature and for evidence regarding the use of antibiotics to prevent local and systemic infections associated with dental treatment in children. Actual recommendations and clues for clinician are provided in this article.
New Oral Anticoagulants for Acute and Long-Term Treatment of Haemodynamically Stable Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Masotti Luca , Lorenzini Gianni , Landini Giancarlo , Bettoni Niccolò , Panigada Grazia , Cappelli Roberto
Published: November 2022

Historically, standard treatment of haemodynamically stable pulmonary embolism (PE) in the acute phase consists in parenteral anticoagulants overlapped with oral anticoagulants vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for at least 5-7 days followed by VKAs alone when their therapeutic range is reached and prolonged for at least three-six months (long term phase). However standard treatment has many pharmacological and practical limitations. For overcoming these limitations, new anticoagulant drugs with better pharmacological profile and easier to use, have been manufactured and tested in pre-clinical and clinical trials with the aim to reach at least non inferiority compared to standard treatment.
In the setting of PE, new oral anticoagulants (NOACs), direct inhibitors of thrombin (dabigatran) or activated factor X (apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban) have been tested in the acute and long-term phases of treatment in phase III randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Rivaroxaban (EINSTEIN-PE study) and apixaban (AMPLIFY study) have been tested directly from diagnosis, dabigatran (RE-COVER I and II studies) and edoxaban (HOKUSAI study) starting after 7-10 days of standard treatment. Overall, these trials have demonstrated that NOACs are effective and safe at least as standard treatment, promising a revolutionary approach to PE treatment in acute/sub-acute PE based on single drug approach or rapid switch from parenteral to oral anticoagulation.
In this paper the Authors focus on phase III RCTs on NOACs in the acute and long-term phases of PE treatment, highlighting the first two weeks of treatment.
The Familial Occurrence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS)
Authors: Bielicki Piotr , Przybylowski Tadeusz , Chazan Ryszarda
Published: November 2022

The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAS) in relatives of subjects with OSAS and in relatives without OSAS but with clinical symptoms of this disease. The study group consisted of 186 relatives of patients with OSAS and 117 relatives of patients with symptoms of OSAS in whom the disease was not confirmed by polysomnography. They were all mailed a questionnaire with questions concerning anthropometric data, the presence of symptoms typical for OSAS and the presence of concomitant diseases. Analysis of the obtained data revealed an increased frequency of snoring, sleep apnea and nycturia in the relatives of patients with OSAS when compared to relatives of patients without OSAS, but the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of daytime OSAS symptoms was significantly higher in the group of relatives of patients with OSAS. No differences in the incidence of arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus were found.
In order to confirm the presence of OSAS in family members with typical symptoms, we performed polysomnography. Were diagnosed OSAS in 20 (29.4 %) relatives of patients with OSAS and only in 8 (18.2) relatives of patients without OSAS.
These results confirm the increased incidence of OSAS in patients with a family history of this disease.
Big Data Processing of Diagnostic Imaging Examinations Using a Self-Developed Digital Platform
Authors: Zarakovitis Dimitrios , Tsoromokos Dimitrios , Lazakidou Athina
Published: November 2022

Background: The aim of this survey is the presentation of a health information system that is eligible for processing and archiving clinical and economic health data by creating an online database that spots the origin of data on digital maps. Data concerns the cost of imaging examinations, number of hospital beds and number of clinical examinations.

Methods: Geographical information Systems (GIS) can be used for the rational management of diagnostic imaging examinations and the creation of a data basement that contains clinical protocols, patients’ history and financial data. Users can exchange large volumes of the specific data very fast even between health units and hospitals. GIS Statistics enables users to estimate several financial indicators. Data concerns 5 Greek Public Health Units (H.Us) in the 6th Health Region.

Results: GIS platform enables users to process big health data and share them on a geodatabase. SPSS analysis in combination with GIS statistics tools reveal an overtime increase of imaging exams in the majority of hospitals.

Conclusions: The presented digital platform is a very useful tool for the rational management of clinical and financial data of healthcare units. It provides easy access to big data and enables users to gain in time data from digital maps in order to improve public health.
The Association of Cortisol with Prevalent and Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Older Community-Dwelling Adults
Authors: Radin Jennifer M. , Al-Delaimy Wael K. , Kritz-Silverstein Donna , Wingard Deborah , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , Laughlin Gail A.
Published: November 2022

Context: Previous studies report cross-sectional associations between circulating cortisol levels and type 2 diabetes in older adults; none assessed the association prospectively.

Objective: This study’s objective was to examine the association of serum cortisol with prevalent and incident diabetes in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Between 1984-87, 885 men and 729 women aged 50 or older had serum fasting morning cortisol measured and an oral glucose tolerance test administered at a baseline research clinic visit and were followed for up to 25 years. Logistic and cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess cortisol associations with prevalent and incident diabetes.

Results: Median age of participants was 75 years, median body mass index was 25kg/m2, and median cortisol was 91mg/ml. At baseline, 249 participants had prevalent diabetes; 118 developed diabetes during follow-up. In unadjusted analyses, the odds of prevalent diabetes for the highest cortisol quartile compared to the lowest was 1.95 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.87) and remained significant after adjusting for age, sex and diabetes risk factors (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.83); associations were not significant for the second and third quartiles. Serum cortisol was not associated with incident diabetes before or after adjusting for covariates (fully-adjusted HR for highest versus lowest quartile=1.02, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.78).

Conclusions: Results suggest that in older adults, elevated cortisol levels may be a result of diabetes and its complications, rather than a cause. Further studies using cohorts with repeated cortisol measures are needed to confirm the direction of the hypercortisolemia-diabetes link.
Chronic Pain Due to Pelvis Fracture and Perceptive Rehabilitation
Authors: Morone G. , Paolucci T. , Fusco A. , Iosa M. , Saraceni V.M. , Spadini E. , Paolucci S.
Published: November 2022

Recently, somatosensory rehabilitation is knowing a growing interest in chronic pain condition. In fact, new evidences have associated an impaired lumbopelvic control with a decreased tactile acuity, generating and sustaining chronic low back pain mechanisms. Consequently, an adequate tactile rehabilitation, entailing a discrimination training with a stimulation tasks, seems to be effective on pain, reducing lumbopelvic impairments.
Also the use of perceptual surfaces can be effective on back pain, favouring a tactile and proprioceptive sensory stimulation on the trunk and improving the postural control through a body midline realignment.
The aim of this manuscript was to describe the preliminary evidences on two cases of chronic pain due to pelvis fracture treated with the perceptive surfaces. Furthermore, we have tried to clarify the mechanisms involved in chronic back pain and the effect of a somatosensory rehabilitation. Finally, it was analyzed the role of craniocaudal body midline with the gravitational vertical axis in the setting of correct alignment for improving postural control in these conditions.
Pectoralis Major Transfer: Technique Variations
Authors: Ribeiro Fabiano Rebouças , Sanchez Monteiro Gabriel Assumpção , Medeiros Ramos Camila Maribondo , Tenor Junior Antonio Carlos , Costa Miguel Pereira
Published: November 2022

Subscapularis tears are commonly seen in orthopedic practice and, of all lesions of the rotator cuff these can cause the worst functional deficit of the shoulder. These tears can become surgically irreparable, especially in chronic traumatic cases. The most commonly used surgical procedure to restore horizontal stability is the pectoralis major transfer. Surgical variations for this procedure in the literature include total or partial muscle transfer, transfer above or underneath the conjoint tendon, and the muscle portion to be transferred (clavicular or sternal). The objective of this study was to review the orthopedic literature, to evaluate the most widely utilized surgical technique variations and their results.
Intraosseous Lipoma of Calcaneus as a Rare Cause of Heel Pain
Authors: Naim F. , Elessi K. , Lubbad A. , Dabour B. , Abuagwa K.
Published: November 2022

Bone lipoma is a rare, primary and benign tumor. In recent years, its detection rate is higher as a result of the increasing use of accurate and more detailed cross-sectional imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) plus the utilization of advanced histological diagnostic facilities. The radiographic appearance on x-ray is not usually characteristic of this lesion and therefore requires differential diagnostics conducted for a long time. However, CT and MRI allow for a tissue-specific diagnosis. The microscopic features are usually those of mature adipose tissue. Sometimes, still, pathological reports may show discordance with radiologic findings. For optimal management, surgical curettage and packing with autogenous bone grafts is usually recommended if the lesion is causing the pain or if the correct diagnosis cannot otherwise be obtained. Our case is a 43-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with chronic left foot pain. Pain was localized over the left heel with radiation to surrounding areas. The radiological diagnosis of intraosseous lipoma was made based on CT imaging and confirmed later through biopsy. Surgical intervention was needed after failure of conservative management. Curettage of all lesion and packing with autogenous bone grafts was done. Postoperatively, the patient showed remarkable improvement and follow up consultations showed good healing and no signs of recurrence.
Effects of Stem Design on the Mechanical Behavior of Femur with Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wu Shun , Todo Mitsugu
Published: November 2022

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common orthopedic surgery, and almost only choice for those patients who suffer severe osteoarthritis. Zweymüller stem, one of the most reliable stems, is considered to be appropriate for elderly patients. However, the structural effectiveness of trochanteric shoulder for primary stability has not been clear yet. This research intended to perform a finite element analysis to explore the necessity of trochanteric shoulder for the primary stability. Realistic simulation models with a femoral bone model and three stem designs were carefully constructed. Analysis of relative sliding micromotion between bone and stem revealed that the shoulderless design has an acceptable primary stability. It was also suggested that the proximal broad design could be unnecessary for rectangular diaphyseal-fixation stems. This kind of simulation research can be an instruction to develop new design of cementless design to both achieve less invasive surgery and excellent duration.
Building a Medical Family: Family Sculpting in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Marlowe Dan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Family sculpting has been used as a clinical technique for decades within the psychotherapy community to uncover, process, and improve upon the implicit patterns of interaction and communication that permeate the lives of family members. However, even though this technique has been broadly applied to various couple and family populations within the clinical practice of family therapy, its application has essentially been non-existent outside of this venue.

Method: The following article describes the utilization of family sculpting as a bonding technique for a group of family medicine and clinical pharmacy residents, faculty physicians, and upper administration during a yearly organizational retreat.

Results: Not only was the technique well received by the healthcare team as a whole, as evidenced by a post retreat survey, there were also several noteworthy examples of the sculpting process highlighting and addressing relational tension within the residency cohort (i.e., second year medical resident) and within administration (i.e., chief executive officer) that ultimately lead to greater team cohesion afterwards.

Discussion: While the application of the technique in a medical/educational context can be considered a unique contribution of the article, more so are the specific augmentations made to the technique itself that increases its value as an academic and organizational development tool.
The Video Gamer Persona: A Five Factor Study Exploring Personality Elements of The Video Gamer
Authors: Bean Anthony , Pooran Natasha
Published: November 2022

This research explored personality traits of video gamers utilizing the Big Five Inventory (BFI) totaling 19,416 video gamer participants across seven genres of video game play. The purpose was to uncover personality differences among the different preferred genres of video gamers. Different personality profiles were explored by employing t-tests and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Mapping of the BFI elements of video gamers across video game genres was conducted using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify video gamer personality profiles, personality formations across preferred genres of play, examine the pattern of relationships among the variables, and to determine whether different personalities gravitate to specific genres of play. Results found four distinct and different personality profiles: Introversive, Extroversive, Secure Ambiversive, and Insecure Ambiversive; indicated no support for the different classification of video gamers possessing statistically different personality traits (i.e. causal, regular, hardcore); or different genres of video game play did have different personality types playing each genre. As such, evidence is provided for different personalities gravitating towards different genres of play and Carl Jung’s (1921) idea of the introversion/extroversion continuum. Limitations observed were some findings becoming statistically significant with small effect sizes and the BFI possibly not being nuanced enough to detect smaller personality traits. Strengths were the large participant base, generalizability of the study to the video gamer population, and this study providing a basis for personality playing a role in virtual worlds.
Three-dimensional-generator U-net for dual-resonant scanning multiphoton microscopy image inpainting and denoising
Authors: Hsu Chia-Wei , Lin Chun-Yu , Hu Yvonne Yuling , Wang Chi-Yu , Chang Shin-Tsu , Chiang Ann-Shyn , Chen Shean-Jen
Published: November 2022

A dual-resonant scanning multiphoton (DRSM) microscope incorporating a tunable acoustic gradient index of refraction lens and a resonant mirror is developed for rapid volumetric bioimaging. It is shown that the microscope achieves a volumetric imaging rate up to 31.25 volumes per second (vps) for a scanning volume of up to 200 × 200 × 100 µm3 with 256 × 256 × 128 voxels. However, the volumetric images have a severe negative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a result of a large number of missing voxels for a large scanning volume and the presence of Lissajous patterning residuals. Thus, a modified three-dimensional (3D)-generator U-Net model trained using simulated microbead images is proposed and used to inpaint and denoise the images. The performance of the 3D U-Net model for bioimaging applications is enhanced by training the model with high-SNR in-vitro drosophila brain images captured using a conventional point scanning multiphoton microscope. The trained model shows the ability to produce clear in-vitro drosophila brain images at a rate of 31.25 vps with a SNR improvement of approximately 20 dB over the original images obtained by the DRSM microscope. The training convergence time of the modified U-Net model is just half that of a general 3D U-Net model. The model thus has significant potential for 3D in-vivo bioimaging transfer learning. Through the assistance of transfer learning, the model can be extended to the restoration of in-vivo drosophila brain images with a high image quality and a rapid training time.
Impacts of burn severity on short-term postfire vegetation recovery, surface albedo, and land surface temperature in California ecoregions
Authors: Rother David E. , De Sales Fernando , Stow Doug , McFadden Joe
Published: November 2022

Wildfire burn severity has important implications for postfire vegetation recovery and boundary-layer climate. We used a collection of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) datasets to investigate the impact of burn severity (relative differenced Normalized Burn Ratio, RdNBR) on vegetation recovery (Enhanced Vegetation Index, EVI), albedo change, and land surface temperature in seven California ecoregions, including: Southern California Mountains (SCM), Southern California Coast (SCC), Central California Foothills (CCF), Klamath (K), Cascades (C), Eastern Cascades (EC), and Sierra Nevada (SN). A statewide MODIS-derived RdNBR dataset was used to analyze the impact of burn severity on the five-year postfire early-summer averages of each biophysical variable between the years 2003–2020. We found that prefire EVI values were largest, and prefire albedo and temperature were lowest in the K, C, EC, and SN ecoregions. Furthermore, the largest changes between prefire and first-year postfire biophysical response tended to occur in the moderate and high burn severity classes across all ecoregions. First-year postfire albedo decreased in the K, C, EC, and SN but increased in the SCM, SCC, and CCF ecoregions. The greatest decreases, but most rapid recovery, of EVI occurred after high severity fires in all ecoregions. After five-years post-fire, EVI and land surface temperature did not return to prefire levels in any burn severity class in any ecoregion.
Exploring the challenges to safer prescribing and medication monitoring in prisons: A qualitative study with health care staff
Authors: Magola-Makina Esnath , Abuzour Aseel S. , Ashcroft Darren M. , Dunlop James , Brown Petra , Keers Richard N.
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Research suggests that patients who are prisoners experience greater morbidity, increased health inequalities and frequent preventable harm, compared to the general population. Little is known about the process and influencing factors for safe prescribing in the unique prison environment, which may limit the development efforts to improve the quality of care in prisons. This study aimed to understand the process and challenges associated with prescribing in prisons, explore the causes and impact of these challenges, and explore approaches to improve prescribing safety in prisons.

Methods

Grounded theory informed data collection and analysis of a nominal group discussion by seven participants and semi-structured telephone interviews with twenty prison healthcare staff, including GPs, pharmacists, psychiatrists and nurses.

Findings

The underlying complexity of prescribing in prison settings increased the level of challenge and influenced the safety of this process. Multiple contributors to the challenges of safe prescribing were identified (comprising governance and policy; the prison structure; staff retention, training and skill mix; IT systems and interface; polypharmacy and co-morbidity; tradability and patient behaviour) with overarching constructs of variations in practice/policy and the influence of prison culture. Participants identified measures to address these challenges through multi-disciplinary collaborative working, increased consistency in processes, and the need for more innovation and education/training.

Conclusions

Our study highlighted that healthcare provision in prisons is unique and needs to tailor the care provided to patients without enforcing a model focused on primary, secondary or tertiary care. Participants emphasised a necessary shift in workplace culture and behaviour change to support improvements. The COM-B model of behaviour change may be effectively applied to develop interventions in organisations that have in-depth understanding of their own unique challenges.
Stress levels of precursory strain localization subsequent to the crack damage threshold in brittle rock
Authors: Dinç Göğüş Özge , Avşar Elif
Published: November 2022

Micromechanical cracking processes in rocks directly control macro mechanical responses under compressive stresses. Understanding these micro-scale observations has paramount importance in predicting macro-field problems encountered in rock engineering. Here, our study aims to investigate the development of precursory damage zones resulting from microcracking pertinent to macro-scale rock failure. A series of laboratory tests and three-dimensional (3D) numerical experiments are conducted on andesite samples to reveal the characteristics of damage zones in the form of strain fields. Our results from discrete element methodology (DEM) predict that the crack damage threshold (σcd) values are 61.50% and 67.44% of relevant peak stress under two different confining stresses (σ3= 0.1 MPa andσ3= 2 MPa), respectively. Our work evaluates the strain fields within the range of theσcdto the peak stress through discrete analysis for both confining stresses. We note that the representative strain field zones of failure are not observed as soon as theσcdis reached. Such localized zones develop approximately 88% of peak stress levels although the confinement value changes the precursory strain localization that appears at similar stress levels. Our results also show that the distinct strain field patterns developed prior to failure control the final size of the macro-damage zone as well as their orientation with respect to the loading direction (e.g 17° and 39°) at the post-failure stage. These findings help to account for many important aspects of precursory strain field analysis in rock mechanics where the damage was rarely quantified subtly.
Major chemical carcinogens and health exposure risks in some therapeutic herbal plants in Nigeria
Authors: Njinga Raymond Limen , Olufemi Ayodele Philip , Adebayo Adebiyi Samuel
Published: November 2022

People of all ages and genders utilize herbal medicine to treat varieties of problems all around the world. The accumulation of Cd and Cr in therapeutic herbs (Adansonia digitata, Psidium guajava, and Carica papaya) can lead to a variety of health complications. These leaf extracts are used to treat varieties of ailments, including cancer, in the northern Nigerian states of Borno, Jigawa, and Kano. The researchers employed high-resolution continuous source atomic absorption spectrometry. The statistical parameters such as mean, range, minimum and maximum were computed along with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess activity concentrations of Major Chemical Carcinogens (MCCs) in the herb extracts from the three states. The result demonstrated substantial statistical variation in the concentration of Chromium between groups with C. papaya (F = 190.683, p = 0.000), P. guajava (F = 5.698, p = 0.006), A. digitata (F = 243.154, p = 0.000). The post hoc test revealed that the C. papaya and A. digitata observed concentrations were statistically significant across the three states (p = 0.000). It was observed that there is no statistically significant difference between concentrations of the extracts between Kano and Borno states for P. guajava (p = 0.686). For Cd, the one-way ANOVA showed significant statistically variation in the concentration between groups with C. papaya (F = 77.393, p = 0.000), P. guajava (F = 4.496, p = 0.017), A. digitata (F = 69.042, p = 0.000). The post hoc test with multiple comparisons revealed that the activity concentration of all extracts was statistically significant across the three states (p<0.05). The target risk quotient (THQ) for Cd was more than unity in A. digitata and C. papaya, except for P. guajava from Borno State. The probable cancer risk was observed for consumption of plant extracts as a result of Cr and Cd.