bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression of DNA Repair Genes in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: KYRIAZOGLOU ANASTASIOS , MOUTAFI MYRTO , ZOGRAFOS ELENI , KONTELES VASSILIS , SOFIANIDIS GEORGIOS , MAHAIRA LOUISA , PAPAKOSTA ALEXANDRA , TOURKANTONI NATALIA , PATERELI AMALIA , STEFANAKI KALLIOPI , TZOTZOLA VASILIKI , MPAKA MARGARITA , POLYCHRONOPOULOU SOFIA , DIMITRIADIS EFTHYMIOS , KATTAMIS ANTONIS
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive mesenchymal malignancy commonly affecting children and young adolescents. The molecular basis of this neoplasia is well reported with the formation of the EWSR1/FLI1 fusion gene being the most common genetic finding. However, this fusion gene has not been targeted therapeutically nor is being used as a prognostic marker. Its relevance regarding the molecular steps leading to Ewing sarcoma genesis are yet to be defined. The generation of the oncogenic EWSR1/FLI1 fusion gene, can be attributed to the simultaneous introduction of two DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The scope of this study is to detect any association between DNA repair deficiency and the clinicopathological aspects of Ewing’s sarcoma disease. Patients and Methods: We have conducted an expression analysis of 35 patients diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma concerning the genes involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways. We have analyzed the expression levels of 6 genes involved in NHEJ (XRCC4, XRCC5, XRCC6, POLλ, POLμ) and 9 genes involved in HR (RAD51, RAD52, RAD54, BRCA1, BRCA2, FANCC, FANCD, DNTM1, BRIT1) using real time PCR. Age, sex, location of primary tumor, tumor size, KI67, mitotic count, invasion of adjacent tissues and treatment were the clinicopathological parameters included in the statistical analysis. Results: Our results show that both these DNA repair pathways are deregulated in Ewing sarcoma. In addition, low expression of the xrcc4 gene has been associated with better overall survival probability (p=0.032). Conclusion: Our results, even though retrospective and in a small number of patients, highlight the importance of DSBs repair and propose a potential therapeutic target for this type of sarcoma.
Factors Associated With Prescription of Systemic Therapy in Real-world Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer Managed in a Rural Region
Authors: NIEDER CARSTEN , STANISAVLJEVIC LUKA , HAUKLAND ELLINOR CHRISTIN
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Numerous new treatment options have been approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the last decade. Nevertheless, not all patients receive systemic therapy. Certain patients present with very advanced disease, poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), or severe comorbidity, i.e. factors that lead oncologists to prefer best supportive care (BSC) instead of systemic therapy. The aim of this quality-of-care study was to identify baseline factors (disparities) associated with receipt of systemic therapy rather than BSC. Patients and Methods: This retrospective analysis included 140 consecutive patients managed in a rural region of Norway (2007-2022). Two differently managed groups were compared in univariate tests followed by multi-nominal regression. Results: The majority of patients (n=95, 68%) had received systemic therapy. Typical patients were males in their 60s or 70s, with clear cell histology, prior nephrectomy, and intermediate prognostic features. Patients who received systemic therapy lived significantly longer than those who did not (median 30.4 versus 5.0 months, p<0.001). Survival benefit of systemic treatment was observed even in patients with ECOG PS3 or age ≥80 years. In addition to younger age (p<0.001) and better ECOG PS (p<0.001), metachronous presentation was associated with higher rates of systemic therapy utilization (p=0.03). Conclusion: Assignment to systemic therapy for mRCC was individualized in the present patient population. In all age and ECOG PS subgroups, systemic therapy was associated with better survival (doubling at least). Optimum utilization rates are difficult to determine. However, in light of the survival outcomes, a rate of 12% in patients aged 80 years or older appears rather low.
Disparities in Trend of Renal Cell Carcinoma Mortality in the United States
Authors: DODDI SISHIR , RASHID M. HAMMAD
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 90% of malignant neoplasms of the kidney. Patients and Methods: In this report, the CDC WONDER database was accessed to retrieve age-adjusted mortality data from 1999 to 2020 due to RCC, defined as ICD-10 Code: C64 Malignant neoplasm of kidney except renal pelvis, for various demographics to investigate trends and potential disparities. Results: In 2020, the overall age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) due to RCC in the USA was 42.4 per 1,000,000. The average annual percent change (AAPC) for the USA from 1999 to 2020 was –0.6%. Notably, in 2020, men had a higher AAMR than women, 63.9 compared to 25.7, and a significant difference in AAPC trend was identified between men (–0.5%) and women (–1.0%). When investigating trends according to race in 2020, the Asian population displayed the lowest AAMR at 18.9. When determining AAPC from 1999 to 2020 according to race group, the American Indian group demonstrated the greatest decline in AAPC at –1.3%, followed by the Black (–1.2%) and White populations (-0.5%). The Asian population did not exhibit a significant AAPC. Moreover, the rates between these three groups were statistically significantly different- indicating disparities in trend based on race. Conclusion: This investigation assesses the AAMR for different demographic groups of the USA population to identify disparities and guide resource allocation strategies.
Assessment of Tumor Markers in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: FUKAE SHOTA , YAMANAKA KAZUAKI , YONEMOTO SAYOKO , YOSHIDA TAKAHIRO , NAKAGAWA MASAHIRO , FUJII NAOHIKO , KISHIKAWA HIDEFUMI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Malignant tumors are diagnosed using various methods, including diagnostic imaging methods. The measurement of tumor markers is commonly used because of its noninvasiveness and convenience. Furthermore, it is known that the excretion and metabolism of some tumor markers are affected by impaired renal function. In the present study, we investigated the effect of improved renal function on pre-and post-transplantation changes in tumor marker levels [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)] in renal transplant recipients. Patients and Methods: A total of 116 renal transplant recipients, who had not been diagnosed with malignancies between January 2012 and December 2019, were included, and tumor markers were investigated. Results: CEA showed a significant decrease after kidney transplantation, regardless of the dialysis type (3.6→2.6 ng/ml, p<0.001), while other tumor markers showed a significant increase (AFP: 3.6→3.7 ng/ml; CA19-9: 16.2→19.5 U/ml; PSA: 0.95→1.05 ng/ml; all p<0.05). Pre- and postoperative eGFR ratios and postoperative liver function were identified as factors influencing the postoperative CEA and CA19-9 values, while PSA was influenced by the duration of dialysis. No statistically significant factors were found for AFP levels. Conclusion: Caution should be exercised when investigating tumor markers in patients with renal dysfunction, as tumor marker levels may vary depending on the pathophysiology of each patient.
Disparities in Multiple Myeloma Mortality Rate Trends by Demographic Status in the USA
Authors: DODDI SISHIR , RASHID M. HAMMAD
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that arises when plasma cells undergo malignant monoclonal proliferation. This study aimed to assess the demographic disparities and temporal trends in the mortality rates of this disease. Patients and Methods: We employed the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database. Results: We found that for the overall U.S. population, the age-adjusted mortality rate per 1,000,000 (AAMR) decreased from 1999 to 2020. However, rates differed between demographic groups. In addition, we sought to find a significant average annual percent change (AAPC) in mortality rate from 1999 to 2020 for various demographic populations and compared groups to find disparities in mortality rate trend. In 2020, the AAMR due to MM was 38.0 and for women 24.1. The AAPC in AAMR from 1999 to 2020 in men was –1.0% (95%CI=–1.3 to –0.7) and in women was –1.6% (95%CI=–1.6 to –2.3). A significant difference in trend by sex was found, where women had a higher rate of decline. In 2020, the AAMR for the American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN) population was 15.0, the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) had 14.8, the Black and African American population had an AAMR of 55.6 and the White population had an AAMR of 28.1. The AAPC for the AI/AN population was -2.2% (95%CI=–3.5 to –0.9), for the AAPI population it was -0.9% (95%CI=–1.5 to –0.4), the Black and African American population had –1.5% (95%CI=–2.2 to –0.8) and the AAPC for the White population was –1.1% (95%CI=–1.6 to –0.6). A significant difference in trend of decline was found between the AAPI and Black and African American populations and between the AI/AN and Black and African American populations. When assessing the U.S. by states, the mid-southeast U.S. had the greatest density of the states with high AAMRs. Conclusion: These findings suggest which populations are at increased risk for mortality due to multiple myeloma and where we should apply additional resources and research.
High Frequency of BRCA2 c.5576_5579del Carriers in Kakogawa, Japan
Authors: NAKAMURA HARUNA , MIZUMOTO SACHIKO , TANINO HIROKAZU , NIWA YUI , OGINO MITSUTOSHI , SAKODA YOKO , TSUCHIYA KAZUHIKO , KONO SEISHI , KONISHI MUNEHARU , UENO SAYAKA , KUNIHISA TOMONARI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Certain germline pathogenic variants (PVs), known as founder mutations, have been frequently observed in specific regions and ethnic groups. In Japan, several pathogenic variants of BRCA1/2 have been identified as founder mutations, with their distribution varying across different regions. This retrospective study aimed to further investigate the detailed distribution and correlation between genotype and clinical features among breast cancer patients. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Kobe University Hospital and three collaborating institutions. It included breast cancer patients who underwent BRCA1/2 genetic testing between July 1, 2018, and March 31, 2021, and were found to have germline PVs. Clinical characteristics and breast cancer subtypes were compared between carriers of BRCA2 c.5576_5579del and those with other PVs. Additionally, the detection rate of BRCA2 c.5576_5579del was compared with that observed in a previous report. Results: A total of 38 breast cancer patients were included; PVs in BRCA1 and BRCA2 were detected in 12 and 26 patients, respectively, 12 of whom were BRCA2 c.5576_5579del carriers. BRCA2 c.5576_5579del carriers were more likely to develop triple negative breast cancers among all BRCA2 PV carriers. BRCA2 c.5576_5579del accounted for 30.8% of the PVs detected, with a particularly high frequency of 72.7% at Kakogawa Central City Hospital. Conclusion: BRCA2 c.5576_5579del was detected with a particularly high frequency in Hyogo Prefecture, especially in Kakogawa city. In the future, a survey of the distribution of the BRCA2 c.5576_5579del carriers may provide more clarity regarding their localization.
Dose-escalated Salvage Whole-pelvic Radiotherapy for Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy for High-risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: MIYAZAKI SHUHEI , TASAKI YUTARO , NAKATAKE MIKA , HONDA KOICHI , NAKAMURA DAISUKE , EGAWA AKIKO , OKI NOZOMI , MITSUNARI KENSUKE , NAKAMURA YUICHIRO , IMAMURA RYOICHI , TOYA RYO
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: To investigate the institutional experience of dose-escalated salvage whole-pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) with the simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 21 patients with BCR who received radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer and underwent salvage RT. Clinical target volume (CTV) of the whole pelvis (CTV56) included the prostate bed, common iliac, external iliac, internal iliac, and obturator lymph node regions. The boost CTV (CTV66) included the prostate bed. Planning target volumes (PTV) were generated by adding a margin of 6-8 mm to CTV (PTV56 and PTV66). Doses of 56.1 and 66 Gy in 33 fractions were delivered to PTV56 and PTV66, respectively. Results: The 5-year biochemical progression-free survival, overall survival, and cause-specific survival rates were 72%, 94%, and 94%, respectively. A grade 3 late genitourinary toxicity event of gross hematuria was observed in one patient (4%). Acute and late toxicities of grade ≥3, other than gross hematuria, were not observed in any patient. Conclusion: Dose-escalated salvage WPRT using the SIB technique provides appropriate tumor control without increasing the incident of significant toxicities.
Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Uterine Corpus in an Adult Who Underwent Multi-gene Panel Testing
Authors: ODAI TAMAMI , OSHIMA NORIKO , KORI YUSUKE , TAKAO MAKI , WAKANA KIMIO , MIYASAKA NAOYUKI
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common malignant soft tissue tumor in children. Adult primary RMS of gynecological origin is a rare condition and uterine RMS is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. The genetic variants associated with uterine RMS in adults have yet to be fully elucidated, and there is no established therapeutic strategy for rare tumors. Case Report: A 69-year-old Japanese woman was referred to our hospital with abdominal bloating. Imaging examination revealed a tumor with diameter of 85 mm located in the uterus and multiple regional lymph node metastases. Biopsy of the uterine corpus indicated possible uterine carcinosarcoma or RMS. Following debulking surgery, the patient was diagnosed with stage IVB pleomorphic RMS. The patient was treated with two courses of doxorubicin every three weeks and one course of combination chemotherapy with vincristine, actinomycin, and cyclophosphamide. Because of rapid progression of the disease, we decided to perform multi-gene panel testing to determine the most effective therapeutic strategy. However, no therapeutic plan based on genetic information was identified. The patient with chemotherapy-refractory RMS died 11 weeks after surgery. Conclusion: Our patient had advanced uterine RMS with an unresectable tumor that was resistant to chemotherapy, resulting in poor outcomes. Despite conducting multi-gene panel testing, no tailored therapeutic approach based on genetic information was found. This case highlights the challenges in managing uterine RMS in adults and underscores the urgent need for further research to identify effective treatment modalities.
First Case Report of Bilateral Parotid Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma
Authors: FEITOSA MENESES WILLER EVERTON , LIMA DO REGO PEDRO HENRIQUE CUNHA , FEITOSA JUNIOR VALDENOR NEVES , PALMEIRA HERBERT TAVARES , PINHEIRO ARAGAO DOUGLAS HENNING , TEIXEIRA ANDRE COSTA , LUCENA DE AQUINO PEDRO , AZEVEDO PINHEIRO PEDRO MIGUEL , TARGINO SILVA JOAO PEDRO , CORREIA DE MENEZES FRANCISCO JULIMAR , DA SILVA MATHEUS JANUARIO , SILVA FERNANDES GABRIEL GURGEL
Published: May 2024

Background/Aim: The parotid is the largest salivary gland and is located anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and laterally to the ramus of the mandible. Neoplasms in this gland are relatively rare, with 80% being benign and 20% malignant, primarily represented by mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In the head and neck region, lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) accounts for 0.4% of malignant salivary gland tumors. Case Report: A 35-year-old man with no previous comorbidities was admitted to a Head and Neck Surgery Specialty Service for a painless right cervical mass of uncertain growth. Extensive diagnostic investigation revealed involvement of the contralateral parotid, associated with systemic lymph node enlargement. Thus, adjuvant radiotherapy was decided by the treating team. Conclusion: This case confirms the heterogeneous features and distinctive behavior that the disease can present, as seen with bilateral parotid LEC.
Characteristic Changes of the Stance-Phase Plantar Pressure Curve When Walking Uphill and Downhill: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wolff Christian , Steinheimer Patrick , Warmerdam Elke , Dahmen Tim , Slusallek Philipp , Schlinkmann Christian , Chen Fei , Orth Marcel , Pohlemann Tim , Ganse Bergita
Published: May 2024

Background

Monitoring of gait patterns by insoles is popular to study behavior and activity in the daily life of people and throughout the rehabilitation process of patients. Live data analyses may improve personalized prevention and treatment regimens, as well as rehabilitation. The M-shaped plantar pressure curve during the stance phase is mainly defined by the loading and unloading slope, 2 maxima, 1 minimum, as well as the force during defined periods. When monitoring gait continuously, walking uphill or downhill could affect this curve in characteristic ways.

Objective

For walking on a slope, typical changes in the stance phase curve measured by insoles were hypothesized.

Methods

In total, 40 healthy participants of both sexes were fitted with individually calibrated insoles with 16 pressure sensors each and a recording frequency of 100 Hz. Participants walked on a treadmill at 4 km/h for 1 minute in each of the following slopes: −20%, −15%, −10%, −5%, 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Raw data were exported for analyses. A custom-developed data platform was used for data processing and parameter calculation, including step detection, data transformation, and normalization for time by natural cubic spline interpolation and force (proportion of body weight). To identify the time-axis positions of the desired maxima and minimum among the available extremum candidates in each step, a Gaussian filter was applied (σ=3, kernel size 7). Inconclusive extremum candidates were further processed by screening for time plausibility, maximum or minimum pool filtering, and monotony. Several parameters that describe the curve trajectory were computed for each step. The normal distribution of data was tested by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests.

Results

Data were normally distributed. An analysis of variance with the gait parameters as dependent and slope as independent variables revealed significant changes related to the slope for the following parameters of the stance phase curve: the mean force during loading and unloading, the 2 maxima and the minimum, as well as the loading and unloading slope (all P<.001). A simultaneous increase in the loading slope, the first maximum and the mean loading force combined with a decrease in the mean unloading force, the second maximum, and the unloading slope is characteristic for downhill walking. The opposite represents uphill walking. The minimum had its peak at horizontal walking and values dropped when walking uphill and downhill alike. It is therefore not a suitable parameter to distinguish between uphill and downhill walking.

Conclusions

While patient-related factors, such as anthropometrics, injury, or disease shape the stance phase curve on a longer-term scale, walking on slopes leads to temporary and characteristic short-term changes in the curve trajectory.
Patient and Provider Perspectives About the Use of Patient-Generated Health Data During Pregnancy: Qualitative Exploratory Study
Authors: MacEwan Sarah R , Olvera Ramona G , Jonnalagadda Pallavi , Fareed Naleef , McAlearney Ann Scheck
Published: May 2024

Background

There is increasing interest in using patient-generated health data (PGHD) to improve patient-centered care during pregnancy. However, little research has examined the perspectives of patients and providers as they report, collect, and use PGHD to inform obstetric care.

Objective

This study aims to explore the perspectives of patients and providers about the use of PGHD during pregnancy, including the benefits and challenges of reporting, collecting, and using these data, as well as considerations for expanding the use of PGHD to improve obstetric care.

Methods

We conducted one-on-one interviews with 30 pregnant or postpartum patients and 14 health care providers from 2 obstetrics clinics associated with an academic medical center. Semistructured interview guides included questions for patients about their experience and preferences for sharing PGHD and questions for providers about current processes for collecting PGHD, opportunities to improve or expand the collection of PGHD, and challenges faced when collecting and using this information. Interviews were conducted by phone or videoconference and were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and deidentified. Interview transcripts were analyzed deductively and inductively to characterize and explore themes in the data.

Results

Patients and providers described how PGHD, including physiologic measurements and experience of symptoms, were currently collected during and between in-person clinic visits for obstetric care. Both patients and providers reported positive perceptions about the collection and use of PGHD during pregnancy. Reported benefits of collecting PGHD included the potential to use data to directly inform patient care (eg, identify issues and adjust medication) and to encourage ongoing patient involvement in their care (eg, increase patient attention to their health). Patients and providers had suggestions for expanding the collection and use of PGHD during pregnancy, and providers also shared considerations about strategies that could be used to expand PGHD collection and use. These strategies included considering the roles of both patients and providers in reporting and interpreting PGHD. Providers also noted the need to consider the unintended consequences of using PGHD that should be anticipated and addressed.

Conclusions

Acknowledging the challenges, suggestions, and considerations voiced by patients and providers can inform the development and implementation of strategies to effectively collect and use PGHD to support patient-centered care during pregnancy.
Perceptions of Wearable Health Tools Post the COVID-19 Emergency in Low-Income Latin Communities: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cruz Stefany , Lu Claire , Ulloa Mara , Redding Alexander , Hester Josiah , Jacobs Maia
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Mobile health (mHealth) wearable devices are increasingly being adopted by individuals to help manage and monitor physiological signals. However, the current state of wearables does not consider the needs of racially minoritized low–socioeconomic status (SES) communities regarding usability, accessibility, and price. This is a critical issue that necessitates immediate attention and resolution.

OBJECTIVE

This study’s aims were 3-fold, to (1) understand how members of minoritized low-SES communities perceive current mHealth wearable devices, (2) identify the barriers and facilitators toward adoption, and (3) articulate design requirements for future wearable devices to enable equitable access for these communities.

METHODS

We performed semistructured interviews with low-SES Hispanic or Latine adults (N=19) from 2 metropolitan cities in the Midwest and West Coast of the United States. Participants were asked questions about how they perceive wearables, what are the current benefits and barriers toward use, and what features they would like to see in future wearable devices. Common themes were identified and analyzed through an exploratory qualitative approach.

RESULTS

Through qualitative analysis, we identified 4 main themes. Participants’ perceptions of wearable devices were strongly influenced by their COVID-19 experiences. Hence, the first theme was related to the impact of COVID-19 on the community, and how this resulted in a significant increase in interest in wearables. The second theme highlights the challenges faced in obtaining adequate health resources and how this further motivated participants’ interest in health wearables. The third theme focuses on a general distrust in health care infrastructure and systems and how these challenges are motivating a need for wearables. Lastly, participants emphasized the pressing need for community-driven design of wearable technologies.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings from this study reveal that participants from underserved communities are showing emerging interest in using health wearables due to the COVID-19 pandemic and health care access issues. Yet, the needs of these individuals have been excluded from the design and development of current devices.

CLINICALTRIAL
Development and Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Mobile Intervention for Perinatal Mental Health: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Park Sehwan , Cho Hee Young , Park Jin Young , Chung Kyungmi , Jhung Kyungun
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Perinatal mental health problems, such as anxiety, stress, and depression, warrant particularly close monitoring and intervention, but they are often unaddressed in both obstetric and psychiatric clinics, with limited accessibility and treatment resources. Mobile health interventions may provide an effective and more accessible solution for addressing perinatal mental health. Development and evaluation of a mobile mental health intervention specifically for pregnant women are warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 4-week, self-administered mobile mindfulness intervention in reducing anxiety, depression, and stress, and improving emotional well-being, maternal-fetal attachment, and mindfulness skills in a general population of pregnant women.

METHODS

Pregnant women were recruited and randomized to an intervention or a wait-list control group. The intervention group participated in a self-administered 4-week smartphone-based mindfulness program. Anxiety, depression, and stress were assessed as primary outcomes at baseline and postintervention. Secondary outcomes were mental health well-being, maternal-fetal attachment, and skills of mindfulness. The usability of the mobile intervention was also evaluated.

RESULTS

A total of 133 pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention (n=66) or the control group (n=67). The overall dropout rate was 30% (39/133). Anxiety scores of the intervention group significantly decreased from baseline to postintervention (P=.03, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test), whereas no significant changes were observed in the control group. Depression and stress scores showed no significant changes. Emotional well-being significantly improved in the intervention group (P=.01). Improvements were observed in maternal-fetal attachment, particularly in attributing characteristics to the fetus (P=.003) and in differentiating the self from the fetus (P=.006). Mindfulness awareness also showed significant improvement (P=.008). Significant between-group effects were identified for mindfulness awareness (P=.006) and attributing characteristics to the fetus (P=.002). After applying the false discovery rate corrections, within-group improvements in emotional well-being, maternal-fetal attachment, and mindfulness awareness remained significant, while between-group differences for emotional well-being and differentiation were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

A mobile mindfulness program effectively reduced anxiety and improved emotional well-being, maternal-fetal attachment, and mindfulness awareness in the general population of pregnant women. Mobile interventions may offer a cost-effective and feasible method for promoting perinatal mental health.

CLINICALTRIAL

Clinical Research Information Service KCT0007166; https://tinyurl.com/458vfc4r
Cutaneous Adverse Effects from Diabetes Devices in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Podwojniak Alicia , Flemming Joseph , Tan Isabella J. , Ghani Hira , Neubauer Zachary , Jones Anne
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusions (CSII) are the current standard treatment devices for type 1 diabetes (T1D) management. With a high prevalence of T1D beginning in pediatrics and carrying into adulthood, insufficient glycemic control leads to poor patient outcomes. Dermatologic complications such as contact dermatitis, lipodystrophies, and inflammatory lesions are among those associated with CGM and CSII, which reduce glycemic control and patient compliance.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to explore the current literature surrounding dermatologic complications of CGM, CSII, and the impact on patient outcomes.

METHODS

A systematic review of the literature was carried out using PRISMA 2020 guidelines utilizing five online databases. Included articles were those containing primary data relevant to human subjects and adverse CGM and CSII devices in pediatric populations of which greater than 50% of the sample size were ages 0-21. Qualitative analysis was chosen due to the heterogeneity of outcomes.

RESULTS

Following the application of exclusion criteria, 25 studies were analyzed and discussed. The most common complication covered is contact dermatitis with 12 identified studies. 6 studies concern lipodystrophies, 4 cover nonspecific cutaneous changes, and the remaining 3 cover unique cutaneous findings such as granulomatous reactions and panniculitis.

CONCLUSIONS

The dermatologic complications of CGM and CSII pose a potential risk to long-term glycemic control in T1D, especially in young patients where skin lesions can lead to discontinuation. Increased manufacturer transparency is critical and further studies are needed to expand upon the current preventative measures such as device site rotation and steroid creams, which lack consistent effectiveness.
Review of the Cooperative Development Framework in Language Teacher Education
Authors: Yang Fan
Published: May 2024

This review article introduces the Cooperative Development (CD) model of professional development following its development process from Cooperative Development (Edge, 1992) to Continuing Cooperative Development (Edge, 2002) and to Computer-Mediated Cooperative Development (2006a). Some other professional development models are also briefly introduced in this review, including the Counseling-Learning approach, Collaborative Conversations, Collaborative Supervision, Professional Learning Communities, Communities of Practice, and Peer Coaching.
La trata de niñas y niños: aproximaciones para el abordaje institucional
Authors: Ruiz Serrano Carmen Gabriela
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo emana de una investigación que se encuentra en curso, cuyo objetivo está centrado en realizar el diagnóstico social de niñas, niños y adolescentes que han sido ingresados en los Centros de Asistencia Social del Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia durante los años 2014 y 2015 vinculados con el espectro del maltrato infantil. Entre los hallazgos identificados hasta ahora, está el ingreso de menores de edad que fueron albergados víctimas del delito de trata de personas. Para efectos del presente trabajo se retomarán los casos de la población que transita por la primera infancia y ha sido recibida en el Centro Nacional, Modelo de Atención, Investigación y Capacitación Casa Cuna Tlalpan. Se expondrán los resultados preeliminares, realizando una aproximación que apunte hacia la visibilización y reconocimiento de los retos, las necesidades y condicionantes actuales de los infantes víctimas de trata. Para dar inicio al desarrollo del artículo se ofrecerá un marco conceptual que sitúe en el tema, el impacto mundial del delito y su prevalencia, la situación actual en México, las formas de explotación reconocidas hasta el momento y los factores de vulnerabilidad. Posteriormente, se definirá el espectro jurídico nacional y de actuación de los Centros de Asistencia Social así como los primeros resultados del trabajo de campo, describiendo las características sociales y demográficas de las niñas y niños de los cero a los cinco años de edad, quienes fueron ingresados para su atención en el Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia, en congruencia con la encomienda de la Institución para tomar las medidas necesarias y así prevenir, atender y sancionar los casos en que niñas, niños y adolescentes se vean afectados por este delito enmarcadas en la Ley General de los Derechos de Niñas, Niños y Adolescentes (LGDNNA, 2014: 30 -artículo 47 fracción III-). Finalmente, se expondrán algunos de los efectos y exigencias inmediatas que se logran vislumbrar a partir de un primer acercamiento al fenómeno.
Las necesidades de protección de la niñez en los movimientos sociales de Colombia
Authors: Salinas Gómez Milena
Published: May 2024

En el presente artículo, se describe el proceso de investigación que se está desarrollando actualmente con una Organización Popular de Colombia, la cual tiene como objetivo describir la constitución del sujeto social, a partir de las experiencias vividas por los habitantes que iniciaron el proceso de conformación de esta. Para este número, se realiza un avance del análisis elaborado a partir de la información recolectada tanto en documentos de la Organización, como desde los relatos facilitados por los sujetos participantes de la investigación, entre otros, resaltándose el proceso que desarrolla el sujeto social, que transita de lo individual a lo colectivo, llegándose a identificar las necesidades de la niñez como eje primordial para ser abordadas prontamente a partir de las prácticas colectivas.
Factores que inciden en la migración irregular, el caso de 250 migrantes centroamericanos
Authors: Silva Arciniega Ma. del Rosario
Published: May 2024

Por su geografía, México es el camino que los migrantes atraviesan cuando viajan por tierra con la intención de llegar a los Estados Unidos. Por su territorio han transitado miles de personas viajando solas, acompañadas y ahora en caravana. En 2018 se dieron dos de las más grandes, una en marzo y la segunda en octubre del mismo año. De ahí surgió el interés por indagar ¿cuáles son los factores que inciden en la migración irregular de una muestra de migrantes centroamericanos localizados en el albergue Benito Juárez de Tijuana, B. C., provenientes de la caravana otoño 2018? Se proyectó un estudio exploratorio factorial, de campo ytransversal; las variables manejadas en el estudio fueron: independiente: migración irregular entendida como el desplazamiento de personas entre países al margen de los procedimientos establecidos por los gobiernos para su libre paso y permanencia (UNICEF, 2020), y se midió a partir de la respuesta otorgada sobre la nacionalidad de los migrantes encuestados y alojados en el albergue Benito Juárez, en Tijuana B. C.
Despojos familiares a través de la desaparición forzada y resistencia como habitus de lucha: una lectura desde el caso Ayotzinapa
Authors: Sánchez Zepeda Andrea Kenya
Published: May 2024

El presente ensayo busca compartir y explicar una de las tesis resultado de mi trabajo doctoral titulado “Ante la descorporación y la anulación ¡no socavarán nuestra existencia! Trabajo Social de proximidad con familiares de normalistas asesinados y desaparecidos de Ayotzinapa, Gro, México”. Esta consiste en explicar porqué la desaparición forzada es una práctica sistemática generada en contextos de micro-macro, mutable y porosa criminalidad, así como una grave violación a los derechos humanos al ser, muchas de las veces, una expresión de negligencia y consentimiento con responsabilidad operativa de polícias municipales, estatales y federales. Ello muestra dos caras de dicha violación: ausencia del Estado o bien acción por complicidades intercaladas entre Estado y crimen organizado. El presente texto también pretende apuntalar la ruptura del nivel de organización social más próximo a la existencia y la vida cotidiana de las personas y de las familias ya que estas, en territorios afectados por la violencia, ausencia o imbricación del Estado/crimen organizado, materializan expresiones y mecanismos de lucha social local permanente y latente. Intentaré explicar desde la categoría del habitus de Bourdieu, cómo es que las trayectorias y las disposiciones del campo sociosubjetivo de la lucha social, es a la vez un legado de transmisión familiar con una potencia central en la persistencia y resistencia de comunidades y pueblos enteros ante la multidimensional de la injusticia social; realidades de exclusión que se han perpetuado bajo el sistema neoliberal. El análisis también se fundamenta en la diada categórica campo/habitus propuesta por el sociólogo francés.
Elementos para la conceptualización de la ciberseguridad nacional
Authors: Balcázar Villarreal Manuel
Published: May 2024

La ciberseguridad nacional se visualiza como un concepto en permanente construcción y alto grado de atomización con un desarrollo asimétrico entre los cuatro campos tradicionales del poder. En este texto se evalúan de manera integral los elementos más representativos en cada campo de poder. Asimismo, se propone una definición integral en la que los enfoques tradicionales de seguridad nacional se trasladan al ámbito cibernético bajo un enfoque global que permita la rectoría del Estado-Nación, atendiendo las características que este concepto pueda tener en los distintos países.
Esbozo de una política pública en materia de violencia de género
Authors: Riquer Fernández María Florinda C.
Published: May 2024

Desde 2002, he investigado sobre violencia contra las mujeres en varios estados y municipios del país. Una de las preguntas que ha guiado estas investigaciones, tiene que ver con las respuestas que obtienen las mujeres víctimas de violencia del Estado mexicano. En la misma línea, hace más de una década publicamos, otros investigadores y yo, un análisis de la política pública de acceso de las mujeres a una vida libre de violencia implementada por el gobierno mexicano durante el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2009. Desafortunadamente, en la actualidad se podría suscribir gran parte de lo que dijimos hace más de una década sobre políticas públicas para enfrentar la violencia contra las mujeres. No se ha establecido un nuevo contrato social entre municipios, estados y gobierno federal que garantice la igualdad de género.
Comportamientos de riesgo entre jóvenes
Authors: Gutiérrez santos Anayelli
Published: May 2024

Preguntarse por las posibles causas que llevan a los jóvenes a involucrarse en conflictos sociales nos obliga a voltear a ver las características de las interrelaciones que se entretejen entre los sujetos que conforman el problema. A lo largo de este trabajo se realiza una propuesta analítica que contribuye a comprender la relación de las emociones, ancladas a la estructura social, y cómo desde ahí se desprenden las relaciones de poder y estatus entre jóvenes. Como referentes para el análisis de este trabajo, retomo las propuestas realizadas por Theodore Kemper (2007) y J.M. Barbalet (2001) con la teoría del poder y el estatus.
El codiseño de praxis instituyentes de nuevas subjetividades e indignación democrática
Authors: De la Cruz Pedro Isnardo , Borja Sharon G.
Published: May 2024

El tiempo de vida de las sociedades contemporáneas nos muestra el nacimiento de nuevos sujetos que encarnan prácticas instituyentes que revitalizan su vida, los sistemas de convivencia, las acciones y sistemas antidemocráticos, vía la construcción de nuevos horizontes de consenso y vida en común, y que pautan la renovación del desarrollo y el bienestar posible, a pesar de las instituciones y gobiernos instituidos.
Acapulco antes y después del huracán Otis
Authors: Cruz Martín del Campo Luz María
Published: May 2024

Aquí se presenta un texto que pretende describir, de manera sucinta, los cambios que sufrió Acapulco después de la llegada del huracán Otis. Para ello, se habla de los desastres naturales, en particular, algunos que azotaron a Acapulco años atrás; se explica por qué el puerto es proclive a este tipo de desastres; se describe brevemente lo sucedido durante el reciente huracán con testimonios de personas que padecieron sus efectos minuto a minuto, y cómo sobrevivieron al desastre. Por último se hacen algunas reflexiones y propuestas para el resurgimiento de Acapulco.
Las felonías del trabajo social. Del asistencialismo, a la academia de papel
Authors: Acevedo Alemán Jesús
Published: May 2024

Se podría afirmar que a lo largo de la historia del trabajo social ha habido traiciones o traidores como se le podría llamar al protagonismo o militancia profesional que alimenta aquellas prácticas tan cuestionables y censurables como el asistencialismo, el clientelismo, la corrupción, la educación bulímica, las academias de papel, el culto a los egos, entre diversos fenómenos que desvirtúan sus propios principios deontológicos. En tal sentido, el propósito del presente texto es reflexionar sobre algunas controversias, en las cuales se reduce al trabajo social a procesos de interacción y de servicio. Esto, más allá de propiciar una caceríade brujas intelectual o de moralismo dogmático, busca identificar áreas de oportunidad para una mejor praxis, acompañada de mayor congruencia y solidez referencial. Por lo anterior, la intención final del presente texto es generar incentivos intelectuales que nos ayuden a dinamizar nuestras posturas, reflexiones, capacidad de autocrítica, pero sobre todo, contribuyan a afianzar nuestras utopías, a la edificación de una identidad más clara y sólida que nos encamine a nuevos liderazgos, tan necesarios en una era planetaria de grandes desafíos.
De la sociedad de individuos a la pluralización de la política (segunda parte)
Authors: Posadas Velázquez Ruslan , López Llanos Víctor Hugo
Published: May 2024

En este artículo se plantean las formas en que los distintos procesos de individualización, derivados de la globalización, inciden en el quehacer político cotidiano, así como, en la manera en que los individuos ejercen su derecho a la libertad en un ambiente condicionado por las estructuras económicas, nacionales y transnacionales, que promueven el individualismo institucionalizado. También se aborda la importancia de la acción política colectiva como respuesta al individualismo radicalizado por los valores del mercado
Intermarium: el poder oculto de los imperios
Authors: Romero Melgarejo Osvaldo
Published: May 2024

No disponible
Habilidades de Evaluación de Información y de Intervención en Estudiantes de Maestría
Authors: Jiménez Pérez Ana Lucía , Santoyo Velasco Carlos
Published: May 2024

El quehacer del psicólogo requiere que este tenga la habilidad de evaluar las mejores evidencias científicas en su campo y que implemente intervenciones de manera eficaz, sin embargo, estas habilidades generalmente han sido analizadas por separado en diferentes investigaciones. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la transferencia de habilidades de evaluación de información y habilidades de intervención, en estudiantes de maestría, considerando su nivel de desempeño en una tarea de análisis de textos científicos, a través del uso de medidas de ejecución. Participaron 10 estudiantes de nuevo ingreso a maestría. Se empleó un diseño observacional de tipo nomotético, puntual y multidimensional. Los resultados muestran diferencias en las habilidades para el análisis de información científica, así como en las habilidades de intervención que implican el uso de reforzamiento social. La discusión considera las implicaciones del estudio para la formación del psicólogo, con la finalidad de favorecer el proceso de transferencia de habilidades científicas y profesionales.
El Autoconcepto en México y en Chile: Una Actualización y una Validación
Authors: Díaz Loving Rolando , Villanueva Bustamante Marcoantonio , Pacheco Gómez Martha Lizbeth , Díaz Rivera Paola Eunice , Baeza Rivera María José
Published: May 2024

El autoconcepto es fundamental para la constitución del individuo, ya que estructura la identidad y establece los elementos básicos del comportamiento. Así, el autoconcepto es una estructura dinámica que cambia su expresión a partir de procesos madurativos y de la influencia de la cultura. Escalas desarrolladas en México se fundamentan en estos antecedentes, sin embargo, no se encuentran actualizadas y no han puesto a prueba su sensibilidad cultural. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar si la escala de autoconcepto se mantiene vigente en México y explorar cómo se expresa en Chile, país en que su abordaje se ha realizado principalmente desde la educación. Para ello se realizaron dos estudios en México y Chile en los que participaron 378 y 161 personas, respectivamente. Ambas muestras presentaron un rango de edad entre los 18-35 años y donde la mayoría poseía estudios de licenciatura. La muestra mexicana presentó una solución compuesta por seis factores, y la chilena por cinco. Aunque estas estructuras factoriales difieren en algunos elementos, resultan ser consistentes con evidencia previa. De este modo, se puede concluir que el autoconcepto es un fenómeno universal que es influenciado en su expresión por la cultura.
Artificial Intelligence: From Theory to Application and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Raju T. P.
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across various domains, driving technological advancements and reshaping societal landscapes. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted facets of AI, encompassing its foundational concepts, diverse applications, and critical ethical considerations. The article begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of AI, encompassing machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing, providing readers with a clear understanding of the underlying mechanisms driving AI's capabilities. Subsequently, the article delves into the wide-ranging applications of AI, spanning across industries such as healthcare, finance, education, transportation, and more. In each domain, AI's potential to augment decision-making, optimize processes, and foster innovation is analyzed, offering insights into the transformative potential of this technology in diverse sectors. Furthermore, the article tackles the increasingly crucial ethical implications arising from AI's pervasive integration into society. It critically examines issues of bias, fairness, transparency, and accountability that AI systems can manifest, impacting individuals and communities. The potential consequences of AI on privacy, data protection, and human autonomy are also assessed, prompting discussions on the necessity of ethical frameworks to govern AI development and deployment. The article adopts a balanced approach by acknowledging the immense potential of AI in enhancing human lives while acknowledging the need for responsible development and ethical considerations.
Efficient Data Structures & Algorithms Hunter: A Study in Optimization
Authors: Myana Gaurav
Published: May 2024

Abstract: Data Structures and Algorithms is a fundamental course in Computer Science. However, many students find it difficult because it requires abstract thinking. It would be very helpful if there was a visualization tool of data structures such as arrays, queues, stacks, trees, and graphs for students to manipulate. The tool would allow students to see how an element is inserted into or deleted from different data structures, how a tree is traversed in different order (preorder, in-order, post-order, level-order), etc. Moreover, this tool would provide a simple language, by which students can write their own algorithms so that the execution of the algorithm is animated. This project is intended to create an exploration environment, in which students can learn through experimentation. This tool can be used as an effective supplement to the traditional classroom education and textbook for Data Structures and Algorithms courses. In this paper, a software application that features the visualization of commonly used data structures and their associated insertion and deletion operations is introduced. In addition, this software can be used to animate user-defined algorithms.