bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Psychological Ability to Cope Reduced Infections During the Pandemic: A Two-Year Population-Based Study of The Determinants of 123 Million COVID-19 Test Results in Denmark
Authors: Hansen Lasse Hyldig , Jørgensen Frederik Juhl , Petersen Michael Bang
Published: April 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a key concern for authorities was to identify and activate the psychological states most likely to motivate the public to engage in protective behavior such as physical distancing and hygienic protection. While feelings of fear and threat were rampant during the pandemic, theories of health psychology have highlighted appraisals related to the ability to cope (e.g., the feeling of being able to adhere cost-effectively to government advice) and argued that coping appraisals are superior predictors of motivations to protect the self against risks. In this study, we conduct a massive population-based comparison of the association between, on the one hand, threat appraisals and coping appraisals and, on the other hand, protection against actual infection during the COVID-19 pandemic. We utilize a unique data infrastructure from Denmark that couples surveys of 8% of the adult Danish population (N= 386,633) with the individual results of all 123 million COVID-19 tests performed in Denmark during 23 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, controlling for a comprehensive range of sociodemographic measures and employing panel data to bolster internal validity, we observe that stronger coping appraisals are consistently associated with lower individual probability of COVID-19 infection risk. We find no consistent evidence of a similar association for threat appraisals. Threat appraisals rather seem to index – to some extent accurately – individual feelings of infection exposure. As appeals to fear also have unintended negative consequences (including anxiety, fatigue, and stigmatization), the findings offer strong empirical support for relying on coping-oriented public health communication in future societal crises in the domain of health and beyond.
Auditory and Visual Perceptual Category Learning in Adults with ADHD: Implications for Learning Systems and Domain-General Factors
Authors: Roark Casey L , Anat Yael Ben , Gabay Yafit
Published: April 2024

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with suboptimal functioning of both the prefrontal cortex and the striatum. These abnormalities may impede the acquisition of perceptual categories, important for fundamental abilities such as object recognition and speech perception. While prior research has shown that children with ADHD perform comparably to neurotypical peers in visual category learning despite using suboptimal strategies, much remains unknown about how adults with ADHD acquire perceptual categories, where more mature functions may shape learning processes differently than in childhood. To address this gap, we investigated auditory and visual category learning in adults with ADHD compared to neurotypical controls. Specifically, we focused on two types of category structures: rule-based categories, which are believed to rely on hypothesis-testing mechanisms mediated by the prefrontal cortex, and information-integration categories, thought to depend on reinforcement learning processes governed by the striatum. Our findings revealed consistent impairments in both rule-based and information-integration category learning among adults with ADHD across sensory modalities. Computational modeling analyses revealed that individuals with ADHD were slower to adopt optimal learning strategies than their neurotypical counterparts, regardless of the category type or sensory modality. These findings point to disruptions in multiple learning systems in young adults with ADHD that extend across sensory modalities and arise from impairments in domain-general mechanisms.
Implications of Divine Forgiveness for Conciliatory Behavior: Understanding How Feeling Forgiven by God Influences Apologies Via Self-Forgiveness, Gratitude, and Humility
Authors: Ludwig Justin Michael , Koetke Jonah , Schumann Karina
Published: April 2024

In the current research, we tested the downstream effects of divine forgiveness (i.e., perceived forgiveness by God) on interpersonal apology behavior through two counteracting pathways: an inhibiting pathway through self-forgiveness, and a facilitating pathway through gratitude and humility. In Study 1 (N = 435), using recalled offenses, we found that higher perceived divine forgiveness was positively associated with self-forgiveness, which in turn was negatively associated with apology behavior. In Study 2 (N = 531), using recalled offenses and an experimental design, we replicated our findings from Study 1 whereby divine forgiveness (vs. control) promoted greater self-forgiveness, which in turn was negatively associated with apology behavior. However, we found positive indirect effects of divine forgiveness on apology behavior via the serial mediators of gratitude and humility. Together, these studies offer insight into how divine forgiveness can both hinder and encourage transgressors’ constructive responses to conflict through different psychological mechanisms.
Unequal Family Contexts for Children and Adolescents in Spain
Authors: Ruiz-Ramos Carlos , Torres Andrés Felipe Castro
Published: April 2024

The environment in which children and adolescents develop plays a crucial role in shaping their future outcomes across various social, educational, economic, psychological, and health domains. Current research on the connection between inequality and family context often relies on predefined statistical categories like household income, parents' educational attainment, ethnicity, or occupation. However, inequalities are not experienced as isolated categories but at the intersection of multiple social identities, including gender, place of origin, employment status, and living conditions. We propose a quantitative approach tointersectional theory to understand how interconnected forms of inequality impact the family and labour contexts of children and adolescents. We reconstruct the contexts in which children (n=13,718) from different social classes are raised by utilising retrospective information from the 2018 Spanish Fertility Survey, which details parents' family and labour trajectories (n=9,685). This approach allows us to identify which social groups are more likely to experience positively rewarded or socially penalised trajectories. Our findings suggest that socially disadvantaged groups face higher exposure to unstable family trajectories and that it is the interaction between various deprivation social categories that contributes to more turbulent childhood and adolescence experiences instead of isolated categories.
Automated air pressure control system in a motorised breathing apparatus
Authors: Slavinskyi Dmytro , Bilko Tamara , Cheberyachko Yury , Cheberyachko Serhiy , Deryugin Oleg
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study is to develop an effective system for controlling the pressure in the air supply in motorised breathing apparatus to ensure effective protection of employees from dangerous aerosols and improve their health. The goal was to create an automated air pressure control system in a motorised breathing apparatus using a proportional-integral-derivative controller. For this purpose, the simulation method was used. In order to avoid unforeseen situations of deterioration of the level of protection, the structure of the pressure control system of a motorised respirator has been developed with the selection of the appropriate controller based on the obtained dependences of the influence of the parameters of the breathing mode and the amount of pressure in the under-mask space of the respirator, which ensures an appropriate comfortable mode of operation. This allowed developing a simulation model with a PID controller that would provide the appropriate pressure values within the permissible limits (50-370 Pa). It is proved that the proportional-integral-derivative controller maintains the pressure in the respirator mask within certain limits both with an increase and with a decrease in the control signal, preventing excessive fluctuations in the controlling variable, which leads to an extension of the service life of the filter elements and a reduction in electricity consumption for the operation of the fan motor. Based on modelling the operation of the pressure control system in different modes of operation, it is shown that when using a PID controller with defined parameters, the system provides compensation for changes in air pressure in the under-mask space of the respirator in different breathing modes of the user. The results can find practical applications in the field of safety and health, in industrial environments where workers are at risk of inhaling dangerous aerosols, such as toxic particles, gases, or other harmful substances
Investigation of deformation of the spring tooth of agricultural implements from the action of the force applied to it
Authors: Pylypaka Serhii , Volina Tatiana , Hropost Vyacheslav , Kozlova Olena , Tatsenko Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

The relevance of the study lies in the need to investigate the dependence of the force applied to the spring tooth on its parameters, which is an important task due to the widespread use of spring teeth in agricultural implements, such as balers, reapers, rakes, etc. The purpose of the study is to establish an analytical description of the spring tooth deformation depending on the amount of applied force. For this purpose, the theory of bending rods from the resistance of materials was applied, without simplifying it, as is common in construction, where the deflection of a beam is small compared to its length. The calculation is based on the well-known dependence of the curvature of the elastic axis of the beam (tooth) on the applied moment and the stiffness of its cross-section. The study considers a cantilevered tooth, which at the point of pinching is a spring with several turns, followed by a smooth transition to a rectilinear shape. The tooth is divided into two parts along its length: curvilinear and rectilinear. Calculation of the deformation, i.e., finding the shape of the elastic axis after the action of the applied force, is carried out for both parts separately. The need for this approach is dictated by the fact that the curvature of the elastic axis of the tooth in the free state changes abruptly from the stable value of the curvilinear part to a zero value of the straight part. The main result of the study is to find the shape of the elastic axis of individual parts of the tooth under the action of the applied force and combine them into one whole. This helps to determine the amount of movement of the free end of the tooth depending on the amount of force applied to it. The application of the obtained data can help in the development of more efficient and productive agricultural tools, and increase their durability and efficiency when interacting with the soil
Experimental study of the time of pressure rise and fall in the sprayer pipe
Authors: Onyshchenko Borys , Onyshchenko Volodymyr , Nazarenko Volodymyr , Achkevych Vasyl
Published: April 2024

A wide variety of meteorological factors, soil and climatic conditions, the saturation of fields with many types of weeds, a significant set of cultivated plants and many other factors necessitate the implementation of innovative technological schemes for the use of pesticides, which will reduce the pesticide load as much as possible and determine the safe environmental effect of preparations. Experimental studies were carried out to determine the time of pressure rise and fall in the sprayer pipe and to establish the corresponding functional dependencies. The automatic adjustment system of the application rate was set to change the pressure when the green simulation surface hit 0.5 MPa, and the yellow surface hit 0.2 MPa. Sensor impact on a surface of different colours was simulated. At the same time, the pressure in the system changed. The pressure in the sprayer pipe of trailer sprayer OP-2000-2 was measured using a WIKAI EN837-1 pressure gauge and the readings were recorded with a Panasonic NV-GS75 digital video camera mounted on a Continent TRIPOD A2 stand. As a result of calculating the experimental data, it was found that the arithmetic mean of pressure reduction from 0.5 to 0.2 MPa is 1.94 s. And the arithmetic mean for four experiments, a pressure reduction of 0.05 MPa is 0.32 s. When calculating the experimental data of the pressure rise, it was found that the arithmetic mean of the pressure rise from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa is 2.37 s. And the average value for four experiments, the pressure rise by 0.05 MPa is 0.395 s. After approximation of experimental data obtained during single-factor experiments, when the pressure P and the corresponding time values t change, the corresponding polynomial functions describing the characteristic t=f(P) when operating a sprayer with automatic application rate control were obtained. The results obtained would allow calculating the time of delay or advance opening of the spray torch when working with variable standards for target plans, in order to avoid non-compliance with the application rate with the specified values
24 BARS TO KILL
Authors: Armstrong Andrew B.
Published: April 2024

The most clearly identifiable and popular form of Japanese hip-hop, “ghetto” or “gangsta” music has much in common with its corresponding American subgenres, including its portrayal of life on the margins, confrontational style, and aspirational “rags-to-riches” narratives. Contrary to depictions of an ethnically and economically homogeneous Japan, gangsta J-hop gives voice to the suffering, deprivation, and social exclusion experienced by many modern Japanese. 24 Bars to Kill offers a fascinating ethnographic account of this music as well as the subculture around it, showing how gangsta hip-hop arises from widespread dissatisfaction and malaise.
TOTAL ATHEISM
Authors: Binder Stefan
Published: April 2024

Exploring lived atheism in the South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, this book offers a unique insight into India’s rapidly transforming multi-religious society. It explores the social, cultural, and aesthetic challenges faced by a movement of secular activists in their endeavors to establish atheism as a practical and comprehensive way of life. On the basis of original ethnographic material and engaged conceptual analysis, Total Atheism develops an alternative to Eurocentric accounts of secularity and critically revisits central themes of South Asian scholarship from the hitherto marginalized vantage point of radically secular and explicitly irreligious atheists in India.
THE CANDLE AND THE GUILLOTINE
Authors: Johnson Julie Patricia
Published: April 2024

As in a number of France’s major cities, civil war erupted in Lyon in the summer of 1793, ultimately leading to a siege of the city and a wave of mass executions. Using Lyon as a lens for understanding the politics of revolutionary France, this book reveals the widespread enthusiasm for judicial change in Lyon at the time of the Revolution, as well as the conflicts that ensued between elected magistrates in the face of radical democratization. Julie Patricia Johnson’s investigation of these developments during the bloodiest years of the Revolution offers powerful insights into the passions and the struggles of ordinary people during an extraordinary time.
CAN ACADEMICS CHANGE THE WORLD?
Authors: Shokeid Moshe
Published: April 2024

Moshe Shokeid narrates his experiences as a member of AD KAN (NO MORE), a protest movement of Israeli academics at Tel Aviv University, who fought against the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories, founded during the first Palestinian Intifada (1987-1993). However, since the assassination of Prime Minister Rabin and the later obliteration of the Oslo accord, public manifestations of dissent on Israeli campuses have been remarkably mute. This chronicle of AD KAN is explored in view of the ongoing theoretical discourse on the role of the intellectual in society and is compared with other account of academic involvement in different countries during periods of acute political conflict.
Practical direction of the Christian mission in the Internet space: the canonical aspect
Authors: Ленок Виктор
Published: April 2024

В настоящем исследовании предпринимается попытка анализа современного состояния христианской миссии в интернет-пространстве. Исследуется вопрос возможности согласования канонов Православной Церкви с особенностями современного мира высоко развитых технологий. Предлагаются пути этого согласования, исключающие прямое нарушение канонов или пренебрежение ими, но в то же время учитывающие те преимущества, которые дает интернет миссионеру и проповеднику Евангелия в XXI веке. Выделяются основные проблемные сферы миссионерской деятельности в современной России. На основе уникальности интернет-пространства как средства межличностной коммуникации предлагаются новые принципы интернет-миссии, потенциально решающие проблемы «уязвимых» на данный момент сфер отечественной миссионерской деятельности. В качестве одного из подходов к реализации данных принципов предлагается использовать определенные маркетинговые методы, суть и возможности применения которых подробно рассматриваются.  

The present study attempts to analyze the current state of the Christian mission in the Internet space. The question of the possibility of harmonizing the canons of the Orthodox Church with the features of the modern world of highly developed technologies is being investigated. Ways of this coordination are proposed, excluding direct violation of the canons or neglect of them, but at the same time taking into account the advantages that the Internet gives to the missionary and preacher of the Gospel in the 21st century. The main problem areas of missionary activity in modern Russia are singled out. Based on the uniqueness of the Internet space as a means of interpersonal communication, new principles of the Internet mission are proposed, potentially solving the problems of currently “vulnerable” areas of domestic missionary activity. As one of the approaches to the implementation of these principles, it is proposed to use certain marketing methods, the essence and possibilities of which are considered in detail.
Blitz interview with Archpriest Vladislav Tsypin, professor emeritus of the Moscow Theological Academy, on the appointment of a church court
Authors: Урум Иов
Published: April 2024

Церковный суд, как вид церковной власти, конечно, существовал в Церкви всегда, но как самостоятельное церковное учреждение он создан в постсоветскую эпоху: его не было ни в советский период, ни в синодальную эпоху, ни в эпоху допетровскую. Церковная власть, согласно православному учению нераздельна, и полнота ее принадлежит правящему архиерею — власть законодательная, административная и судебная, а на уровне поместных церквей она принадлежит собору епископов. Поэтому и существующие ныне епархиальные суды подчинены правящему архиерею и окончательных решений не уполномочены принимать. Всякое решение епархиального суда утверждается правящим архиереем, некоторые из них еще затем утверждаются патриархом.

The Church Court as a type of ecclesiastical authority, of course, has always existed in the Church, but as an independent ecclesiastical institution it was created in the post-Soviet era: it did not exist in the Soviet period, nor in the synodal era, nor in the pre-Petrine era. Church authority, according to Orthodox teaching, is indivisible, and the fullness of it belongs to the ruling bishop - legislative, administrative and judicial power, and at the level of local churches it belongs to the Council of Bishops. Therefore, the diocesan courts that exist today are subordinate to the ruling bishop and are not authorised to make final decisions. Every decision of a diocesan court is approved by the ruling bishop, and some of them are also approved by the patriarch.
Debates sobre la transición justa en México. Desarrollo, demandas obreras y ambientalismo popular
Authors: Ávila Sofía
Published: April 2024

La noción de “transición justa” se ha ido construyendo como una serie de demandas de organizaciones obreras y ambientales frente a los planes de transición energética, particularmente en el Norte Global. Ello ha conllevado a un creciente interés por el término desde actores diversos, así como a una notable disputa sobre sus sentidos políticos y estratégicos. El presente artículo propone ampliar el lente que predomina en la literatura sobre la “transición justa” para privilegiar las condiciones y debates que se gestan en la región latinoamericana. En particular, se propone explorar cómo las tensiones estructurales entre desarrollo, matriz extractiva y justicia ambiental que son propias de la región, se reproducen o resuelven frente al imperativo de la transición energética justa. Tomando a México como caso de estudio, el artículo revisa los debates en torno a la política energética del gobierno de la “Cuarta Transformación” (4T) en el gobierno de AMLO, caracterizada por un viraje antineoliberal y una ambiciosa estrategia para reestructurar el sistema eléctrico nacional. Bajo este análisis, se argumenta la progresiva construcción de dos sentidos para la “transición justa” en México, en los cuales sindicatos y movimientos del ambientalismo popular articulan planteamientos conceptuales y programáticos diferenciados. Se concluye sugiriendo rutas de investigación-acción para favorecer sinergias obreras y ambiental-populares frente al declive y salida del modelo energético fósil.
From slot mereology to a mereology of slots
Authors: Tarbouriech Cédric , Vieu Laure , Barton Adrien , Éthier Jean-François
Published: April 2024

In 2013, Bennett proposed a mereological theory in which the parthood relation is defined on the basis of two primitive relations: a is a part of b iff a fills a slot owned by b. However, this theory has issues counting how many parts an entity has. We explore the various counting problems and propose a new theory to solve them. Keeping the core idea of Bennett’s slots, this theory introduces mereological relations between slots. This theory enables us to solve all known counting problems and to go beyond the limits of Bennett’s theory by theorising expected features of mereological theories: supplementation principles and mereological sum and fusion. The theory is illustrated on ontological issues on the nature of structural universals and informational entities.
Unleashing the potential of applied UNet architectures and transfer learning in teeth segmentation on panoramic radiographs
Authors: Bouali Rime , Mahboub Oussama , Lazaar Mohamed
Published: April 2024

Accurate tooth segmentation in panoramic radiographs is a useful tool for dentists to diagnose and treat dental diseases. Segmenting and labeling individual teeth in panoramic radiographs helps dentists monitor the formation of caries, detect bone loss due to periodontal disease, and determine the location and orientation of damaged teeth. It can also aid in both the planning and placement of dental implants, as well as in forensic dentistry for the identification of individuals in criminal cases or human remains. With the advancement of artificial intelligence, many deep learning-based methods are being developed and improved. Although convolutional neural networks have been extensively used in medical image segmentation, the UNet and its advanced architectures stand out for their superior segmentation capacities. This study presents four semantic segmentation UNets (Classic UNet, Attention UNet, UNet3+, and Transformer UNet) for accurate tooth segmentation in panoramic radiographs using the new Tufts Dental dataset. Each model was performed using transfer learning from ImageNet-trained VGG19 and ResNet50 models. The models achieved the best results compared to the other literature models with dice coefficients (DC) and intersection over union (IoU) of 94.64% to 96.98% and 84.27% to 94.19%, respectively. This result suggests that Unet and its variants are more suitable for segmenting panoramic radiographs and could be useful for potential dental clinical applications.
Stride Velocity 95th Centile Detects Decline in Ambulatory Function Over Shorter Intervals than the 6-Minute Walk Test or North Star Ambulatory Assessment in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Rabbia Michael , Guridi Ormazabal Maitea , Staunton Hannah , Veenstra Klaas , Eggenspieler Damien , Annoussamy Mélanie , Servais Laurent , Strijbos Paul
Published: April 2024

Background:

Stride Velocity 95th Centile (SV95C) is the first wearable device-derived clinical outcome assessment (COA) to receive European Medicines Agency (EMA) qualification as a primary endpoint in ambulant patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) aged ≥4 years.

Objective:

To compare SV95C—in its first-ever clinical trial application as a secondary endpoint—with established motor function COAs used in the trial (Four-Stair Climb [4SC] velocity, North Star Ambulatory Assessment [NSAA], and Six-Minute Walk Distance [6MWD]).

Methods:

SV95C was a secondary endpoint in a subset ( n = 47) of participants in the SPITFIRE/WN40227 trial of taldefgrobep alfa, which was discontinued due to lack of clinical benefit. Participants in the ≤48-week SV95C sub-study were 6–11 years old and received corticosteroids for ≥6 months pre-treatment. Pearson correlations were used to compare SV95C with the other COAs. Responsiveness and changes over time were respectively assessed via standardized response means (SRMs) based on absolute changes and mixed models for repeated measures.

Results:

SV95C change at Week 24 was –0.07 m/s, with limited variability (standard deviation: 0.16, n = 27). The SRM for SV95C indicated moderate responsiveness to clinical change at the earliest timepoint (Week 12, n = 46), while those of the other COAs did not indicate moderate responsiveness until Week 36 (6MWD, n = 33) or Week 48 (4SC velocity, n = 20; NSAA total score, n = 20). Baseline correlations between SV95C and other COAs were strong ( r = 0.611–0.695). Correlations between SV95C change from baseline to Week 48 and changes in other COAs were moderate to strong ( r = 0.443–0.678).∥

Conclusions:

Overall, SV95C demonstrated sensitivity to ambulatory decline over short intervals, low variability, and correlation with established COAs. Although the negative trial precluded demonstration of SV95C’s sensitivity to drug effect, these findings support the continued use of SV95C in DMD clinical trials.
Simulation of spin-echo SANS (SESANS) using McStas on monochromatic and time of flight instruments
Authors: Parnell Steven R. , Li Fankang , Stevense Wesley , Bouwman Wim G.
Published: April 2024

We conduct simulations of Spin Echo Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SESANS) by employing Monte Carlo methods to a setup using four magnetic Wollaston prisms. Our primary focus involves the validation of these models, encompassing monochromatic scenarios across various neutron wavelengths to ascertain the reliability of the simulations. Subsequently, we extend this validation to encompass simulations in time-of-flight mode. Our model consistently and precisely predicts the scattering patterns emanating from dilute spheres in both monochromatic and time-of-flight modes. Notably, it also accurately reproduces the intricate encoding associated with scattering occurring between the third and fourth magnetic Wollaston prism, which provides us with another approach to increase the solid angle coverage of a SESANS instrument. This validation process conclusively demonstrates the efficacy of our simulation methods. Importantly, it paves the way for simulating more intricate and realistic instrumental configurations, broadening the horizons for future research endeavours.
Severe pulmonary hypertension and circulatory failure associated with Congenital syphilis. Case report
Authors: Sanchez-Holgado M. , Bravo M.C. , Alvarez-Garcia P. , Lopez-Ortego P. , Criado Camargo S. , Pellicer A.
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Congenital syphilis is a vertical infection caused by Treponema pallidum. Despite the implementation of preventive strategies during pregnancy, its incidence is increasing, and it constitutes an important public health problem. Most patients with congenital syphilis are asymptomatic; however, a small group may develop severe disease at birth with the need of advanced resuscitation in the delivery room, acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, and hemodynamic instability. Therefore, awareness is needed.

METHODS AND RESULTS:

This series describes the clinical course of two late preterm infants with congenital syphilis who developed acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and circulatory collapse early after birth. Integrated hemodynamic evaluation with neonatologist-performed echocardiography (NPE) and therapeutic management is provided.

CONCLUSIONS:

A comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation including early and serial functional echocardiography in these patients is needed to address the underlying complex pathophysiology and to help to establish accurate treatment.
THE DIGITAL FOOTPRINT OF THE MIÑO RIVER: SEARCHES, OPINIONS, AND CONVERSATIONS ON THE WEB
Authors: Carasa Eva , Álvarez-Vázquez Miguel
Published: April 2024

This study explores the digital presence of the Miño River, analyzing records on the World Wide Web. Through three phases, digital searches, opinions on Google Maps, and social listening on digital platforms are examined. Results reveal the significance of search engines in obtaining geographical and cultural information in Spain and Portugal. Opinions on Google Maps reflect high satisfaction, emphasizing terms like "pasear" (stroll) and "bonito" (beautiful). The social listening strategy, using hashtags, unveils trends and conversations on social media. Although valuable results were obtained, the need for more extensive research to thoroughly understand digital interactions around the Miño River is acknowledged. This study lays the foundation for future explorations in the realm of the presence and perception of heritage resources in digital spaces.
Naturalisation as a factor of migrants' inclusion in the socio-political processes of the host country
Authors: Radchenko O. I. , Zinchenko D. A.
Published: April 2024

Naturalisation provides not only access to the full range of rights and opportunities that are due to citizens, but also contributes to the formation of a sense of belonging to the host country, which is an important factor in social cohesion. In the globalisation context, migration processes are of particular importance, as the growing number of migrants in many countries necessitates their effective integration. Naturalisation is one of the mechanisms that facilitates the involvement of migrants in the political life of the country, giving them the right to vote and the opportunity to participate in the formation of public policy. The article focuses on the challenges and obstacles that migrants may face during the naturalisation process, including legal barriers, cultural and linguistic differences. Overcoming these challenges is important to facilitate the full integration of migrants into society.

Based on an analysis of different naturalisation models, the paper examines how different countries approach the process of migrant inclusion. For example, some countries offer simplified naturalisation procedures for certain categories of migrants, while others require longer residence and demonstration of language and cultural proficiency. It is emphasised that naturalisation is a key factor in ensuring the harmonious integration of migrants into the socio-political structures of the host country. This not only contributes to economic growth and social stability, but also paves the way for a more inclusive and multicultural society.

The importance of naturalisation for the political inclusion of migrants also lies in the strengthening of democratic institutions. Migrants who are naturalised as citizens have the opportunity to influence political decisions and elections, which contributes to the representation of diverse groups in political processes. This, in turn, leads to fairer and more balanced governance that takes into account the interests of all segments of society, including migrants. In addition, naturalisation promotes social cohesion, as migrants who become full citizens often feel more responsible for the welfare of the host country. This can stimulate greater volunteer and civic engagement, which is important for the development of a strong and cohesive society. The naturalisation process also has economic benefits.
Serbest Doku Naklinde Arteriovenöz Döngünün Kullanımının Retrospektif Değerlendirmesi
Authors: Çeçen Süleyman , Biner Murat Muhammed , İçel Duhan , Akın Selçuk
Published: April 2024

Rekonstrüktif mikrocerrahi doku transferi için güçlü bir silah olması ile birlikte uygun alıcı damarların bulunması önemli bir kriteri oluşturur. Doku transferi ihtiyacı gelişen olguların önemli bir kısmında ise travma zonunda alıcı damarların sağlamlığı ve varlığı önemli bir değerlendirme noktasıdır. Olası alıcı damarların defekt bölgesinde bulunan ucundan ziyade travma zonu dışında kalan daha proksimal kısımları kullanılmaya çalışılır. Böylece olası intimal hasardan sakınılma amaçlanır. Fakat alıcı damarların uygun olmadığı durumlarda ise daha proksimalde ve travma zonundan uzakta yer alan alıcı alanlara uzun ven greftleri ile ulaşılarak kan akımı sağlamak uzun zamanlardan beri kullanılan bir tekniktir. Arteriovenöz (AV) döngü oluşturmak benzer mantıkla kullanılan bir diğer tekniktir. 2018-2023 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen ve serbest doku nakiller ile rekonstrüksiyon gerçekleştirilen vakalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Değerlendirmeye alınan beş hastanın yaş ortalaması 53,9( 33-72). İkisi kadın üçü erkekti. Dört hastanın defekti alt ekstremitede yer alırken bir hastanın göğüs duvarı anteriorundaydı. Alt ekstremite defektlerinden ikisi kruris, ikisi diz anteriorunda olan defektlerdi. Hastalar defekt etiyolojisi açısından incelendiğinde üç hasta travmaya sekonder, bir göğüs defekti hastası tümör ilişkili, bir hastanın diz protezi uygulaması sonrası yara detaşmanı nedenli gelişmiştir. Hastaların dördünde LD (Latissimus dorsi) flep ile bir hastaya da şimerik ALT (Anterolateral thigh) flep ile rekonstrüksiyon sağlanmıştır. Bir hastanın haricinde diğer hastalara uygulanan serbest doku nakillerinde erken veya geç dönemde herhangi bir komplikasyon izlenmedi. AV döngü yardımı ile serbest flep rekonstrüksiyonları, lokal alıcı damarın uygun ya da güvenilir olmadığı bölgelerde, başarı şansı tatmin edici derecede yüksek olan cerrahi bir tekniktir.
Analisis Kesalahan Nahwu Dalam Penulisan Abstrak Skripsi Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab
Authors: Nashoih Afif Kholisun , Mathoriyah Lailatul , Qosim Nanang , Sholahuddin Muhammad Faishol
Published: April 2024

Analisis kesalahan menjadi salah satu upaya memperbaiki kualitas pembelajaran bahasa Arab di berbagai jenjang pendidikan, tidak terkecuali di jenjang perguruan tinggi. Untuk itu, penelitian tentang tentang analisis kesalahan sintaksis dalam abstrak mahasiswa PBA ini perlu dilakukan, guna dapat mendeskripsikan dan mengidentifikasi kesalahan-kesalahan yang memiliki kuantitas terbanyak, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap ilmu nahwu. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, peneliti yang merupakan instrument utama, menggunakan penyimakan atau observasi mendalam terhadap 25 skripsi para mahasiswa Prodi PBA UNWAHA yang diambil secara random mulai dari 2017 hingga tahun 2022. Pada tahap analisis data dari penelitian yang berjenis deskriptif kualitatif ini, peneliti menggunakan metode padan intralingual. Metode tersebut dilakukan dengan cara menghubungbandingkan unsur-unsur lingual dalam abstrak skripsi dengan kaidah-kaidah ilmu nahwu. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan fakta bawah kesalahan mahasiswa dalam penulisan abstrak skripsi terkategorikan dalam beberapa aspek, yaitu aspek kesalahan i'rab, ketidaksesuaian antara mudzakkar dan muannats, kesalahan susunan idhafah, ketidaksesuaian na’at terhadap man’ut, ketidaktepatan susunan idiomatis antara kata kerja dan huruf jar, dan terakhir adalah kesalahan dalam konsep adad-ma’dud. Faktor utama yang menyebabkan munculnya kesalahan tersebut adalah minimnya penguasaan mahasiswa terhadap nahwu, baik secara teoritis ataupun juga praktis.
Le collaborazioni etero-organizzate in due discutibili sentenze del Tribunale di Milano
Authors: D’Amico Giovanni
Published: April 2024

La nota commenta criticamente due sentenze del Tribunale di Milano in materia di rapporto di lavoro dei riders, ripercorrendo in maniera sintetica il dibattito relativo all'interpretazione degli artt. 2 e 47 del d.lgs. 81/2015.
Organizzazioni sindacali e class action: il via libera del Tar
Authors: Razzolini Orsola
Published: April 2024

Nel saggio si esamina la sentenza del Tar Lazio n. 10653 del 2023 che ha parzialmente annullato il decreto ministeriale n. 27 del 2022 (c.d. decreto Cartabia) che aveva escluso le organizzazioni sindacali dalla possibilità di iscriversi nell'apposito elenco ministeriale: iscrizione necessaria per proporre l'azione di classe risarcitoria o l'azione collettiva inibitoria (l. 31 del 2019). All'indomani della sentenza numerose problematiche restano sul tappeto. Il contributo suggerisce che l'iscrizione nell'elenco non debba essere considerata una condizione né sufficiente né necessaria ai fini della legittimazione ad agire, spettando pur sempre al giudice accertare, a tale scopo, la sussistenza delle condizioni dell'azione. In particolare, dovrebbe essere a tale finire verificata l'adeguata rappresentatività in concreto dell'ente collettivo rispetto agli interessi azionati.
From revolution to liberation. Feminist consciousness-raising and sexuality in the 1970s
Authors: Niri Virginia
Published: April 2024

This article examines the "sexual revolution" of the 1960s and 1970s in Italy from the perspective of emotional history. Drawing mainly on unpublished oral sources and advice columns in women's magazines, it assesses the contribution of the feminist method of consciousness-raising to the reception of and reaction to the so-called sexual revolution. Focusing on the ‘long 1968' as it unfolded in Italy, I analyse how the new models of an apparently freer sexuality were appropriated and adapted to the emotional counter-community created by feminists practising consciousness-raising towards what would later be defined as sexual liberation, and I discuss the openings and limits that this approach has entailed.
A choice for Europe, a choice for growth? The Bank of Italy, the Pandolfi Plan and the European Monetary System, 1977-1979
Authors: Piluso Giandomenico
Published: April 2024

The creation of the European Monetary System (EMS) between 1977 and 1979 introduced an element that would become central to Italy's strategy of adjustment to the macroeconomic shocks of the 1970s: the ‘external constraint', a political device — albeit with a technocratic matrix — designed to reduce public debt and enhance the country's economic competitiveness.Conceived by an economist at the Bank of Italy, Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa, in 1978, the reforms of the ambitious programme known as the Pandolfi Plan were designed to restore the competitiveness of the Italian economy. The plan described the main features of the lira's entry into the EMS as an external constraint, based on indications from the Bank of Italy's Director General Carlo Azeglio Ciampi and despite objections from Governor Paolo Baffi.At that juncture, the Bank of Italy consciously assumed the role of substitute that would characterise its action in the following decade, motivating and orienting the country's political choices in favour of an ever more urgent economic and monetary integration of Europe, towards what would finally be formalised with the Maastricht Treaty. Consistently with the structure of the EMS, the external constraint outlined in the Pandolfi Plan moved towards exchange rate constraints related to public finances and to the phenomena of fiscal dominance typical of monetary policy in Italy; it was essentially transformed into a fiscal policy constraint formally recognised in July 1981, with the so-called divorce between the Bank of Italy and the Treasury. The classic external constraint related to the balance of payments accounts and foreign exchange rates remained unchanged towards the rest of the world, meaning that it had an economic and not a "legal" nature, as defined by Guido Carli in the early 1990s.
Immigration in Italy before Jerry Masslo: the social profile of the immigrant in 1980s research
Authors: Di Sanzo Donato
Published: April 2024

This article reconstructs the public representation of immigration in Italy from the late 1970s until the late 1980s. Using archival sources and research produced during the period under consideration, with a special focus on the role of the scientific community in considering the complexity of immigration, the article traces the evolution of the immigrant's social profile up to the assassination of Jerry Essan Masslo in 1989, a turning point in the history of immigration in Italy.
Women and Italian history at the crossroads of new perspectives
Authors: Troilo Simona
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the recent volume edited by Silvia Salvatici, "Storia delle donne nell'Italia contemporanea" (Rome, Carocci, 2022). It highlights the originality of studies published on the subject in recent decades and focuses on the methodological challenge of the book, which interweaves national and global history and uses a gender perspective to rewrite the history of Italy from the Unification to the present day.
Rievocare e raccontare eventi traumatici
Authors: Di Blasio Paola
Published: April 2024

Il quesito da cui parte il lavoro è se il racconto di eventi traumatici abbia un effetto positivo sulla salute psicologica del bambino vittima di violenza e di abuso. Vengono riportate due ricerche: una condotta sui primi racconti rivolti a figure educative e l'altra su deposizioni rese in Tribunale. L'ipotesi del lavoro è che la presenza dei sintomi psicologici del disturbo post traumatico da stress sia la variabile cruciale che condiziona la modalità e il contenuto del racconto. I risultati mettono in evidenza che funzioni psicologiche importanti quali la memoria uditiva, la capacità metacognitiva e di metamemoria, quella autoriflessiva e di elaborare stati mentali, oltreché la presenza o meno di dettagli riguardanti la contestualizzazione del racconto, influiscano sulla narrazione dell'evento traumatico. Il lavoro sottolinea la necessità di provvedere prioritariamente alla cura psicologica del bambino traumatizzato prima di sottoporlo alla testimonianza in Tribunale.
Triangolazione e conflitto genitore-figlio, due possibili meccanismi per spiegare gli effetti del conflitto genitoriale e co-genitoriale sull'adattamento dei figli: una revisione sistematica della letteratura
Authors: Bavagnoli Alessandra , Cristal Sirotich Angelica , Marelli Alessandra
Published: April 2024

L'evidenza empirica ha da tempo dimostrato che il conflitto genitoriale e co-genitoriale possano avere effetti nocivi sull'adattamento psicologico dei figli. Due possibili mecca-nismi in grado di spiegare gli effetti del conflitto sull'adattamento s-no la tendenza dei figli a triangolarsi nel conflitto stesso e il conflitto genitore-figlio. La presente revisione sistematica ha l'obiettivo di comprendere lo stato dell'arte della letteratura rispetto a queste associazioni. Sono stati utilizzati tre database: SCOPUS, Web of Science e EBSCO-host Research Database per individuare gli studi in APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo e MEDLINE. Sono stati individuati duecentodieci articoli pubblicati tra il 1996 e il 2023. Dopo aver rimosso i duplicati, aver selezionato e valutato l'idoneità del materiale, sono stati selezionati venti articoli. Gli articoli revisionati hanno mostrato associazioni tra il conflitto genitoriale e co-genitoriale sia con la trian-golazione sia con il conflitto genitore-figlio. Un interessante e meno esplorato filone di studi ha dimostrato anche gli effetti della triangolazione sul conflitto genitore-figlio. Questa revisione rinforza l'importanza di sviluppare altri studi empirici sul tema e, in particolare, studi che esplorino gli effetti della triangolazione sul conflitto genitore-figlio.
Тарасенко В. Медичне право : навч.-метод. посіб. для підготовки здобувачів першого (бакалавр.) рівня вищої освіти галузі знань 08-Право спец. 081-Право [Електронне видання]
Authors:   Нац. ун-т «Одес. юрид. академія», Тарасенко Вікторія , Щукін Олександр
Published: April 2024

Навчально-методичний посібник призначений для забезпечення навчальної, методичної та організаційної діяльності учасників освітнього процесу під час проведення аудиторної, самостійної та індивідуальної роботи здобувачів вищої освіти, підготовки їх до іспиту.
The State of Public Space in Lusaka
Authors: Elhanafy Heba
Published: April 2024

Lusaka, a city of around three million people, faces massive urban growth challenges. Designed on the Garden City planning paradigm principles, the city currently lacks open public recreational spaces. The lack of public space is often linked to the high land value alongside the high demand for housing, the lack of national government prioritization of public space provision policies, and a general lack of financial resources available to Lusaka's local council.This article explores the state of formal public spaces in Lusaka, its urban history, development patterns, and the effects of these factors on everyday life and social interactions. It also outlines different private sector attempts to make up for the lack of public spaces through the provision of private green spaces (e.g., green private entertainment centres, private play parks, private back yards, and front yards) and the commercial units and malls that cover some public space functions. It asks questions on where kids play (e.g., private play parks, mall play parks, etc.) and highlights the design elements preventing streets from becoming lively public spaces (e.g., walls and roads).The article also examines Lusaka's plans for creating green and open spaces networks inside the city and their applicability. It studies public space provision plans in Lusaka's Development Plan 2030 and older public space provision attempts. It highlights the urgency and the importance of taking serious steps towards public space provision in the city now. The article used field research, mapping, desktop research, and interviews.