bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and predictors of HIV infection among adults aged 50 years and above in Shinyanga, Iringa and Ruvuma regions of Tanzania
Authors: Ezekiel Mangi , E. Matemba Lucas , Mosha Idda , Nyamhagatta Mukome , Lwezaura Sharon , Moshiro Candida
Published: January 2021

Background

The UNAIDS Report on the global AIDS report show  that 35.3 million people living with HIV globally, out of that an estimated 3.6 million are people aged 50 years or above.

Methods

This was a cross sectional study conducted in Shinyanga, Iringa and Ruvuma regions in Tanzania aiming at determining prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection among elderly people aged 50 years and above. Random sampling was employed to select 2,214 participants. HIV testing to consenting participants was conducted and a survey was used to collect data on socio-demographic information, medical conditions and sexual behavioral factors.

 

Results

The overall prevalence of HIV infection among study participants was 4.4% (95% CI=3.6-5.4). The prevalence was higher among females compared to males. Majority of study participants were aware of HIV, transmission and preventive measures. Few respondents knew that a person could be infected through anal sex. More than half of the participants prefer HIV status to remain confidential. A significantly larger proportion (24.2%) of males reported to ever use a condom during their last sexual intercourse compared to females (9.5%). Compared to older age groups, respondents aged 50-59 years were significantly more likely to report condom use during last sexual intercourse. Being in the fourth of highest wealth quintile, ever use of condom, condom use during last sexual encounter, having 2 or more partners in the last one year were associated with an increased risk of HIV infection.

Conclusion

The high prevalence of HIV among study participants highlights the prerequisite for increased attention to address underlying risk factors for HIV infection among adults.
The outcomes of external dacryocystorhinostomy with bicanalicular silicone knot started in the lacrimal sac without suturing posterior flap
Authors: GENÇ Selim , AYYILDIZ Taha , ŞALKACI Osman , HASSAN İbrahim Ali , KEİNAN İbrahim Abdi , ÇAKIR Hanefi
Published: January 2021

Objectives: During external dacryocystorhinostomy (DSR) - Bicanalicular silicone tube implantation (BSTI), it is aimed to utilize the mechanical pressure effect due to the initiation of silicone knotting inside the lacrimal sac and evaluate the effectiveness of this modified technique in which the sac and nasal mucosa posterior flaps are not sutured.
Methods: Sixty-six patients between the ages of 8-57 years who were admitted to Kartal Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital and Somalia Mogadishu Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Eye Diseases outpatient clinic with irrigation and lacrimal secretion complaints between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019 were included in the study. In these patients with lacrimal stenosis, external dacryocystorhinostomy (DSR) and Bicanalicular silicone tube implantation surgery method were applied.
Results: A total of 66 patients, 3 males (4.5%) and 63 females (95.5%), were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 45 (8-57) years. It was determined that 4 of the patients who were followed up for an average of 16 months developed atrophic mucosa due to chronic rhinitis, and 6 developed nasolacrimal ductus obstruction due to excessive wound healing due to young age.
Conclusions: When the comfort and complications it provides are evaluated together, this technique emerges as a preferred method.﻿
Production and Economics of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays L.) under Integrated Nutrient Management Practices
Authors: Kalyanasundaram D. , Augustine R.
Published: January 2021

Background: Integrated nutrient management is considered as one of the major tools in agricultural production worldwide. Occupying 3.5% of gross cropped area (GCA), maize accounts for 2.3% of total fertilizer consumption. Despite its soil status, little is known about the application and dosage of integrated nutrient in the experimental hybrid maize crop in the region. Any strategy against this nutrient deterioration must have a good knowledge of the composition and application of integrated nutrient source utilized. The field study aimed to study the integrated nutrient management in hybrid maize of this region to evaluate the performance in growth, yield and nutrient related problems. Methods: A Field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2018, at experimental farm, Department of Agronomy, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu. India. Thirteen treatments with three replications were laid out in randomized block design. The treatments combinations were T1: Recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) 135:62.5:50 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1, T2: RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) as soil application, T3: 75% RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) as soil application, T4: RDF + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) as foliar spray twice, T5: RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) foliar spray twice, T6: 75% RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) foliar spray twice, T7: RDF + Tracel (3.75kgha-1) foliar spray twice, T8: RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) foliar spray twice, T9: 75% RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) foliar spray twice, T10: RDF + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) first and Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) second foliar spray. T11: RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) first and Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) second foliar spray, T12: 75% RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) first and Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) second foliar spray, T13: RDF + water spray twice. The collected samples were statistically analyzed for cob length, cob diameter, grain no. /cob, grain yield, stover yield, available Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and Post-harvest nutrient status of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. Result: Our investigation in the maize hybrid crop has confirmed us with unique results. Among the treatments RDF + Beema green granules (25 kg ha-1) soil application + Uphaar (250gm ha-1) first and Tracel (3.75kg ha-1) second foliar spray (T11) was highly significant with increased yield and yield attributes and was best in gross and net returns too. The present work will be a contribution to the comprehensive study of the integrated nutrient management in hybrid maize.
Measurement of the activity of neuromuscular blocking agents by train-of-four and their effect on the coagulation profiles of dogs undergoing and ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Saritas Zulfikar Kadir , Korkmaz Musa , Yilmaz Oktay , Cingi C. Cagri , Saritas Tuba Berra , Sarkilar Gamze
Published: January 2021

Atracurium and vecuronium, which are short-acting non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents, were introduced into clinical use after 1980. These two drugs, which have a short-acting duration and fewer adverse side effects, have found widespread use.The aims of this study were to determine the onset of action and duration of three neuromuscular-blocking drugs. A total of 18 dogs 1-3 years of age and weighing 17.6 kg on average were evaluated in the study. The animals were divided equally into the three drug groups: Group A = atracurium, Group V = vecuronium and Group R = rocuronium. Atracurium, rocuronium and vecuronium were administered at 0.2 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg and 0.4 mg/kg, respectively via the IV route. After the operation was completed, the animals in the vecuronium group were treated with 2-4 mg/kg IV sugammadex and the reversal time of the drug effect was recorded. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT) and fibrinogen (FP) values were measured. The PT showed significant differences between the atracurium and rocuronium groups (p less than 0.05).TOF neuromuscular blockage time displayed significant differences between the atracurium (35.6±7.7 min) and rocuronium groups (26.1±2.1 min) (p less than 0.05). The onset of neuromuscular blockage time for all three agents was similar; however, rocuronium had a shorter neuromuscular blockage time. As a conclusion, our results suggest that all three neuromuscular blocking agents can be administered routinely with inhalation anesthesia for patients undergoing surgical procedures in which muscular relaxation is needed.
Effect of Application of Different Quality Water through Pitcher Irrigation and Tillage Types on Tomato Production and Soil Properties of Coastal Saline Soil of West Bengal
Authors: Adhikary Rahul , Pal Arunabha , De S.K.
Published: January 2021

Background: Water and tillage are the primary input for crop production and increasingly become scarce due to its high demand in agricultural sector. Pitcher irrigation, a traditional system of irrigation alternative to drip method is the effective innovation of localized methods of irrigation. Methods: In this experiment different quality water through pitcher irrigation and tillage types were taken from coastal saline soil. The effects of yield factor, soil chemical properties of saline soil were studied using pitcher irrigation and tillage types. Result: Results indicate that soil physical and chemical properties were all significantly improved by different pitcher irrigation with tillage practices. Results also showed that present experiment favoring better soil conditions, nutrient availabilities towards better growth and yield of crops. Our study suggests that blending of saline with freshwater in presence of mulch tillage can provide the best estimation in the improving soil properties and tomato production above the coastal saline soil.
Voices from EFL Thai learners towards English writing
Authors: Sundrarajun Chutamas
Published: December 2020

English language writing is seen as one of the most difficult skills for undergraduate students. When composing a piece of writing, students usually face various problems ranging from grammatical aspects to expressing ideas and opinions. To answer the research questions, this study employed a mixed method of both qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify the students’ perceptions towards Business Article Writing Course, as well as to pinpoint their challenges when working on the written assignments. The intensive data were collected from 20 fourth year students majoring in Business English via the use of questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. The findings give teachers, course designers, and educational organizations an insight into students’ problems in learning English language writing. It also highlights the need to integrate different genres of writing to enhance students’ writing skills so that they can use such techniques to overcome any struggles when composing a piece of writing.

 

Keywords:  Academic Writing, EFL, Writing Strategies, Peer Feedback
Determination of cyber security ensuring behaviours of pre-service teachers
Authors: Karagozlu Damla
Published: December 2020

As cyber security attack rates increase, so do cyber security concerns. Cyber security is the collection of tools, policies, security concepts, security measures, risk management approaches, actions, education, applications, security and technologies that can be used in order to protect the cyber environment and user rights. The aim of this study is to determine the behaviours of pre-service teachers as this study’s objective is to determine the behaviours of pre-service teachers regarding cyber security. This study is designed according to the quantitative research method and the Personal Cyber Security Ensuring Scale has been used. 144 pre-service teachers of two different universities who took up instructional technologies and material design courses in the 2019–2020 spring semester participated in the study. It has been observed that the participants frequently took measures when they noticed unreliable people and situations in the internet environment but took occasional measures in terms of not leaving any trace, taking precautions and protecting personal privacy.

 

Keywords: Cyber attack, cyber security, personal cyber security, pre-service teachers
Avanços e desafios da Enfermagem em Acupuntura em Santa Catarina no período de 1997 a 2015
Authors: Bousfield Ana Paula Senna , Padilha Maria Itayra
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer os avanços na atuação das enfermeiras, na prática da acupuntura, em Santa Catarina, no período de 1997 a 2015. Método: Qualitativo com abordagem Histórico-Social, por meio da história oral temática, fundamentado na sociologia das profissões de Eliot Freidson. A coleta de dados ocorreu, no período de março a maio de 2018. Após análise temática, apontaram-se 2 categorias: Desafios e avanços profissionais e As boas práticas aplicadas na Acupuntura. Resultados: As insatisfações com as entidades de interesse público estão presentes no cotidiano da classe profissional, compondo o cenário dos desafios profissionais. Dentre os avanços identificados, destaca-se que atualmente a acupuntura é realizada apenas por enfermeira especialista na área, seja em consultórios, como em unidade básica de saúde. As boas práticas aplicadas, durante o atendimento da enfermeira acupunturista garantem a qualidade, destaque e a compatibilidade das ações com os regulamentos técnicos. Conclusão: A sociedade brasileira reconhece que as ações desse profissional requerem conhecimento, pesquisa e habilidades para ser exercida. A maior conquista, se relaciona ao encontro com o outro no ato de cuidar.
Construção do apego entre o binômio mãe e bebê pré-termo mediado pelo posicionamento canguru
Authors: Abreu Mariana Quindeler de Salles , Duarte Elysângela Dittz , Dittz Erika Da Silva
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Compreender como as mães vivenciam o posicionamento canguru, na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e apreender a percepção sobre as relações de apego com seus bebês mediadas pelo posicionamento canguru. Método: Caráter qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. Participaram 9 mães maiores de 18 anos com filhos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal com idade gestacional igual ou inferior a 30 semanas, que realizaram o posicionamento canguru, pelo menos duas vezes. Foram excluídas mães que já tiveram filhos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, mães de gemelares, com diagnóstico psiquiátrico e usuárias de psicoativos. A coleta aconteceu, por meio do preenchimento de ficha para obtenção de dados sociodemográficos, entrevista semiestruturada antes e após a realização da posição canguru e o diário da participante. O encerramento da coleta deu-se por saturação e foram analisados, conforme Análise de Conteúdo, na modalidade temática. Resultados: Os dados foram agrupados por temas, emergiram as seguintes categorias: maternidade no contexto da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, Interação mãe-bebê, durante a gestação e após o Canguru, Expectativa e realidade materna, em relação ao Canguru. Conclusão: A posição canguru cumpre sua função conforme norma do Ministério da Saúde, tanto para benefícios clínicos para o bebê como para humanização e aumento do apego mãe-bebê.
The Pliocene Lillo, Poederlee, Merksplas, Mol and Kieseloolite Formations in northern Belgium: a synthesis
Authors: LOUWYE Stephen , DECKERS Jef , VANDENBERGHE Noël
Published: January 2021

The Pliocene of Belgium subcrops in the northern part of the country and for more than a century has been the subject of many palaeontological and stratigraphical studies thanks to numerous temporary excavations that became accessible during the civil works for the expansion of the Antwerp Harbour. It was only during subsurface mapping from the 1980s onwards, in combination with cored and geophysical logged drillings, that these data became integrated which has led to new stratigraphical insights. The data relating to the current stratigraphy have now been inventoried, assessed, synthesized and a refined stratigraphical framework and correlation scheme is presented.
Sobrevivência e Crescimento de Spin-off de Empregados no Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Thiego
Published: January 2021

Embora seja fato estilizado que novos spin-offs de empregados apresentem taxas de sobrevivência superiores a de demais firmas entrantes, a literatura a respeito do crescimento dessas firmas, além de ser escasso, não parece convergir. Utilizando a ligação empregado-empregador da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (RAIS) para o período de 2006 a 2015, spin-offs são identificados e segmentados entre os tipos pulled (oportunidade) e pushed (necessidade), quando a firma-mãe que deu origem continua ativa ou não, respectivamente. Mesmo controlando por características dos trabalhadores, das firmas e de setores, os resultados sugerem que spin-offs brasileiras tem maior taxa de crescimento e sobrevivência se comparada a outros entrantes. Quando se compara entre os tipos pulled e pushed spin-offs, ambos têm probabilidade de sobrevivência semelhante. Porém, pushed cresce a taxas inferiores à dos demais entrantes, ao contrário das pulled spin-offs. Ainda, encontra-se evidência de que a escolha do regime tributário Simples Nacional tem um importante papel para sobrevivência das empresas, porém ao custo de limitar o crescimento e a geração de empregos.
Mudanças Climáticas como um Fator Exógenoque afeta o Comportamento de Busca Tecnológica
Authors: Feitosa Paulo
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo examinar o processo de mudanças climáticas globais como um fator exógeno que modifica o grau e a direção do comportamento de busca tecnológica das firmas. A análise organiza a literatura principal em três níveis principais, da firma, dado o esgotamento tecnológico e a expansão para além de mercados nacionais, do mercado, diante de condições específicas da sua evolução que afetam o seu funcionamento e a distribuição de incentivos, e do sistema, que reflete os estímulos para realização de atividades inovativas a partir de diferentes condições de oportunidade tecnológica. Procura-se demonstrar, a partir da literatura subjacente, que as transformações no ambiente tecnológico promovidas pelas mudanças climáticas constituem um importante fator exógeno capaz de alterar a forma como as firmas conduzem sua atividade de busca tecnológica. Nesse sentido, a contribuição do artigo consiste em relacionar essas transformações em três níveis principais
An Analysis of Collaboration Networks in Bioenergy:
Authors: Da Silveira Bueno Carolina , Ferreira Jardim da Silveira José Maria , Fraga Souza Roney , Da Silva Júnior Jaim José
Published: January 2021

This article analyzes the indicators of knowledge generation in sugarcane biomass. The impact of the FAPESP research program on bioenergy (BIOEN) is also analyzed, with a focus on the division of biomass and its subareas. Using detailed information from scientific articles in the subareas of Enzymatic hydrolysis, molecular markers, delignification, genotypes, enzymatic conversion, gene expression, nitrogen and photosynthesis, an evaluation of the international insertion of research and collaboration networks of Brazilian researchers is carried out. The methodology, which was based on the works of Verspagen (2007) and Dal Poz (2006), consists of the formation of clusters of publications indexed on the ISI Web of Science database. The selection of publications is guided by search queries based on keywords related to the subareas of biomass division. The software programs VantagePoint and Pajek are used to support the analysis of the information. The principle objective of the study is to identify the global incorporation of efforts to generate knowledge and technological progress in sugarcane biomass carried out by BIOEN. It was possible to identify a number of factors that influence scientific collaboration in the area of biomass, such as geographic distance and the dynamics of scientific collaboration between countries. An analysis of the biomass division of BIOEN, from a global perspective, showed little cooperation between Latin American countries. The results illustrate that Brazil generates the greatest amount of scientific knowledge regarding sugarcane biomass, however, when the subareas are analyzed separately, scientific publications from the US and China are also predominant.
Subvenção à Inovação no Setor Farmacêutico Brasileiro
Authors: Pinheiro Luiza , Rapini Márcia Siqueira , Paranhos Julia
Published: January 2021

O artigo analisa de forma pioneira o grau de incerteza dos projetos do setor farmacêutico que receberam recursos de subvenção econômica da FINEP entre 2007 e 2014. Foram analisados 87 projetos de 60 empresas contemplados em 8 editais de subvenção. Os dados indicam um aumento do valor médio por projeto, bem como oscilações ao longo do período no aporte de recursos para projetos deste setor, ainda que seja um setor sistematicamente contemplado pelas recentes políticas industriais. A partir da taxonomia de incerteza e tipos de inovação de Freeman e Soete,52 projetos do setor farmacêutico foram classificados, caracterizando-se como um estudo multicaso. Esta análise permitiu inferir que, na média, os projetos apoiados envolvem incerteza moderada, apontando para a importância de políticas industriais sistêmicas que incentivem que as empresas brasileiras farmacêuticas avancem no desenvolvimento de atividades de inovação com maior grau de incerteza.
The end of cheap China?
Authors: Brandão Caroline Miranda , Araújo Caroline Giusti , Gomes Guilherme Nascimento , Diegues Antonio Carlos
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar como as mudanças na estrutura produtiva chinesa impactaram os preços de bens industriais exportados pelo país entre 2001 e 2017. Para isto, considera-se o preço sendo uma variável explicativa da qualidade das exportações. Metodologicamente propõe-se calcular as margens intensiva e de qualidade de acordo com Hummels e Klenow (2005) para grupos setoriais categorizados por tipos de tecnologia (intensivas em escala, diferenciadas e baseadas em ciência). Com isso, a análise dos setores intensivos em escala, diferenciados e baseados em ciência sinaliza que há um processo virtuoso de transformação produtiva e tecnológica chinesa à medida que se observa um aumento generalizado da relevância das exportações chinesas em terceiros mercados, via margem intensiva. No entanto, a margem de qualidade das exportações, representada pelo índice de preços, encontra-se em uma posição inferior comparativamente às principais economias em termos de desenvolvimento produtivo e tecnológico.
PERBANDINGAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP INTERPRETASI FISIKA ANTARA MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING DAN INKUIRI BEBAS TERMODIFIKASI
Authors: Jusman Jusman , Azmar Azmar , Permana Imam , Ikbal Muh. Syihab , Ali Mukhti
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pemahaman konsep Interpretasi antara mahasiswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model inkuiri bebas termodifikasi dengan mahasiswa yang diajar dengan model inkuiri terbimbing pada Jurusan Pendidikan Fisika UIN Alauddin Makassar. Jenis penelitian eksperimen murni dengan menggunakan desain penelitian Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Sampel diambil menggunakan simpel random sampling dengan melakukan random kelas dari populasi. instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes pemahaman interpretasi dalam bentuk pilihan ganda. Tekhnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial uji T-2 sampel independen. Hasil analisis deskriptif menunjukkan kategori pemahaman interpretasi fisika mahasiswa berada pada kategori sedang. Pada analisis inferensial diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa H0 ditolak, artinya terdapat perbedaan pemahaman interpretasi mahasiswa jurusan pendidikan fisika UIN Alauddin Makassar, hal ini ditunjukkan pada statistik inferensial dengan kriteria pengujian H0 diterima jika -t hitung < t tabel dan untuk harga-harga t lainnya H0 ditolak. Nilai T-test yang diperoleh 3,33 sedang t0,975 = 1,98, sehingga thitung > ttabel (3,33 (1,98).

AbstractThis study aims to determine the differences in understanding the concept of interpretation between students who are taught using a modified free inquiry model and students taught with a guided inquiry model at the Department of Physics Education, UIN Alauddin Makassar. This type of true experimental research using the research design Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Samples were taken using simple random sampling by doing random classes from the population. The instrument used was a multiple choice test of interpretational understanding. The data analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics and inferential statistics on the independent sample T-2 test. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the category of students' physics interpretation understanding was in the medium category. Inferential analysis, the conclusion is that H0 is rejected, meaning that there is a difference in the interpretation understanding of students majoring in physics education at UIN Alauddin Makassar, this is shown in inferential statistics with the testing criteria H0 is accepted if -t analisis < t table and for other t prices H0 is rejected. The T-test value obtained is 3,33, while t0.975 = 1.98, so that t analysis > t table (3,33 > 1.98).
THE A Politics of Recognition: The Legislation of Zakat Law in a Transition of New Order and Reform Era
Authors: Emzaed Ali Murtadho , Kamsi Kamsi , Lubis Ali Akhbar Abaib Mas Rabbani
Published: January 2021

This article discusses Islamic civilians' struggles in gaining recognition of ‘positivization’ of Zakat Law No. 38/1999 and analyzes dynamics of relations between religion and the state in Indonesia. A period of democratic transition from Suharto to B.J. Habibie (Reform era 1998) marked an entry point for a new phase of state juridical recognition to Islamic law. In this paper, the dynamics of political recognition of zakat law are elucidated from a historical-critical analysis. The findings are twofold. Firstly, the zakat law was enacted during B.J. Habibie’s administration, where waves of democratization began. Secondly, the Islamic civilians played an important role in institutionalizing zakat and providing political support for the Ministry of Religion's efforts in proposing Zakat Management Bill (RUUPZ) to the House of Representatives. The state acknowledged multicultural society by adopting their living religious law whose application does not threaten the nation's unity.
Selenium species in vegetables: benefits and toxicity for the body
Authors: Heryadi Alya Luthfiyani , Shalihat Ayu , Pratiwi Rimadani , Mutakin Mutakin
Published: December 2020

Background: Selenium is one of the essential trace elements in various biological body functions. The main source of Selenium in the body is food, one of which is vegetables. Vegetables collect Selenium from the soil which is then converted into various chemical species of Selenium. Such species should be recognized since each has different biological activities. Objective: The aim of this review was to identify chemical species of Selenium in vegetables as well as the benefits and toxicity for the body. Methods: Reference searches were done in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases with the keywords Selenium speciation in plants, selenite, selenate, selenomethionine, selenocystine, and se-methylselenocysteine Results: The results of speciation in several types of vegetables showed that the chemical species of Selenium abundantly found in vegetables were selenomethionine (SeMet), selenocystine (SeCys2) and se-methylselenocysteine (Se-MeSeCys), gamma-glutamyl-Se-methyl-selenocysteine, and inorganic species. Both Selenium-enriched vegetables and the species contained therein have a variety of benefits for the body. However, excessive consumption can also cause toxic effects. Conclusion: The chemical species of Selenium in vegetables can be either organic or inorganic. Both types of species have different benefits and toxic effects. Keywords: benefits, chemical species, Selenium, toxicity, vegetable
O remoto no trabalho e na vida: novos tempos editoriais
Authors: Menezes Maria Cristina , Pinheiro Maria de Lourdes , Carvalho Maria Lucia Mendes de , Cunha Maria Teresa Santos
Published: December 2020

Neste ano de 2020, que se encerra, a RIDPHE-R apresenta esta edição composta por dois dossiês: o primeiro, “Patrimônio Histórico-Educativo: Culturas, Diversidade, Identidades”, organizado por Agustín Escolano Benito e Maria Cristina Menezes, e o segundo, “Escrevendo a leitura, no ensino e na ficção: produzindo fontes, apropriando-se de narrativas” organizado por Carolina Duarte Damasceno, Júlio de Souza Valle Neto e Ricardo Gaiotto de Moraes. Ao se agregar, à seção Dossiê, as seções Artigo e Documento, há uma resultante de 31 artigos disponíveis à leitura, além de duas resenhas.
COMBINATION OF EMOJI AND TEXT IN MUSICIANS’ TWITTER POSTS
Authors: Nirmala Yudha
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
This research aims to understand the status relation and the way the text and emoji interact in musicians’ twitter posts. This research focuses on the musicians’ twitter posts containing promotion, which also include emoji and text. This research is in a form of a descriptive qualitative which uses the multimodality theory through the generalized image-text relation of Radan Martinec and Andrew Salway. Findings shows that the musicians tend to position the emoji subordinately to text. In terms of logico-semantic relation, the extension relation occurs more than the exemplification relation and enhancement relation. The emoji mostly provides additional information, which cannot be transferred with the text, such as expression and feeling. It is also used to symbolize the event they promote in the post, such as guitar emoji () in a concert promotion. The religious musicians tend to use emoji to provide information about themselves, such as feeling and expression. While, the rock musicians use the emoji more to put information about the event, such as the place and how many days left until the event begins.
IKLIM KEWIRAUSAHAAN DAN KOMPETENSI KEWIRAUSAHAAN: UPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA USAHA (STUDI PADA UMKM BATIK TULIS BAYAT, KLATEN)
Authors: Prakasa Yudha , Putri Yan Raka
Published: December 2020

As Indonesia's original cultural heritage, Hand-Written Batik is one of the featured products for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Central Java. However, the printed batik industry's presence impacted the decline in the market share of hand-written batik. The entrepreneurial climate and entrepreneurial competence are factors that are believed to increase the competitiveness of hand-written batik. This study aims to determine and explain the effect of entrepreneurial climate on business performance with entrepreneurial competence as an intervening variable. This research is explanatory research with a quantitative approach and involves as many as 138 MSMES owners at the center of Hand-Written Batik in Bayat District, Klaten Regency as respondents. Withdrawal of samples using the Slovin formula with a confidence level of 95 percent. The sampling technique uses proportional random sampling, and data collection is done by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data analysis using descriptive analysis and path analysis were processed using SPSS software. The results show that the entrepreneurial climate has a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial competence, the entrepreneurial climate has a positive and significant effect on business performance, entrepreneurial competence has a positive and significant effect on business performance, and entrepreneurial competence is proven to be able to mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial climate and business performance. This means that the better the entrepreneurial climate in an MSMEs industrial center will impact MSMEs' performance if, at the same time, MSMEs owners have good entrepreneurial competence.

Keywords: business performance, entrepreneurial climate, entrepreneurial competence, MSMEs
The Influence of Attitude, Subjective Norms, Perception of Self-Control And Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions
Authors: Aditya Shandy
Published: December 2020

Over the years, the field of entrepreneurship studies has become important in the world of education (Abdul, Salim, & Kamarudin, 2012). The importance of entrepreneurship can support the view that entrepreneurship has become a major factor in the progress and expansion of the social economy, because it offers more job opportunities, as well as the impact on national growth and income distribution in a country (Ali, Topping, & Tariq, 2010). Many studies have shown the interaction between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions (Gerba et al., 2012; Kurniawan, 2013; Hassan and Wafa, 2012; Noel, 2001; Paco et al. 2012; Widawati, 2012; Schlaegel and Koenig, 2014). The aim of this study was to empirically examine factors such as personal attitudes, subjective norms, perceptions of self-control and entrepreneurial education that stimulate entrepreneurial intentions during higher education programs using data collected on campus. This research examines attitudes, norms, self-control, and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions. The research test used multiple linear regression analysis techniques with the help of the SPSS 23 program. Where the number of respondents in this study were 95 students of the Jakarta State University Management Study Program. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the research results show that the variable personal attitude affects entrepreneurial intention, self-control variable affects entrepreneurial intention, and the entrepreneurship education variable does not influence entrepreneurial intention.
Inspeção de manifestações patológicas em edifícios utilizando câmera termográfica integrada ao Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado (VANT): uma pesquisa documental
Authors: Da Silva Willians Perlley Alexandre , Lordsleem Júnior Alberto Casado , Ballesteros Ruiz Ramiro Daniel , Aquino Rocha Joaquin Humberto
Published: January 2021

Presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o emprego da câmera termográfica integrada ao VANT nos processos de inspeção de edifícios. O desenvolvimento do trabalho foi baseado em revisão sistemática de artigos e trabalhos da área de conhecimento, investigando as características e o funcionamento das câmeras termográficas, o emprego dos VANTs e os fatores que influenciam na detecção de manifestações patológicas. Os resultados permitiram identificar as vantagens e limitações da integração câmera e VANT, demonstrando a viabilidade e eficácia do uso conjunto. Como contribuição este trabalho proporcionou o desenvolvimento de um protocolo de voo ordenando as etapas e os procedimentos necessários para a realização de uma inspeção utilizando a câmera termográfica integrada ao VANT.
Efeitos do uso de aditivos cristalizantes na reação álcali-agregado e absorção das argamassas
Authors: Parreira Vilela Hygor Thairony , Teixeira Filho Marcos Gonçalves , Campos Neto Tiago Ferreira
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia do uso de diferentes teores de aditivo cristalizante na prevenção da reação álcali-agregado em argamassas. A análise foi realizada por meio de ensaios de expansão de barras de argamassa pelo método acelerado em paralelo com ensaios de desempenho mecânico, capilaridade, porosidade e índice de vazios. Observou-se que a presença de produtos alcalinos na composição do aditivo aumentou significativamente as expansões iniciais dentro da primeira semana. No que se refere aos resultados de desempenho mecânico, absorção de água e vazios, o produto se mostrou satisfatório, melhorando as propriedades das argamassas. De modo geral, os resultados atestam a eficácia do aditivo na selagem de vazios e poros, mas não na inibição da reação álcali-agregado.
Avances en la instrumentación de estructuras con fibra óptica. El presente de una instrumentación con futuro
Authors: Alegre Vicente , Villalba Sergio
Published: January 2021

Se discute el ejemplo de un caso real en el que, sobre un túnel existente que se instrumenta con fibra óptica, se construye un edificio. Ello permite hacer el seguimiento de la historia de cargas de una estructura desde que se coloca la fibra óptica. Para constatar que no se ve afectado estructuralmente el túnel durante el período de construcción, se instrumentan secciones del mismo y se miden las microdeformaciones que se producen, que se comparan con las del modelo. Se han podido apreciar las ovalizaciones y tensiones en la bóveda durante las distintas fases del proceso constructivo, estando todas ellas por debajo de los valores límites establecidos en el plan de contingencias. Esta técnica ha permitido validar durante todo el proceso las obras realizadas.
Inspeção de fachadas com Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANT): estudo exploratório
Authors: Ballesteros Ruiz Ramiro Daniel , Lordsleem Júnior Alberto Casado , Aquino Rocha Joaquin Humberto
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em avaliar o uso de VANT como ferramenta visual para a inspeção de manifestações patológicas em fachadas a través de um estudo exploratório. Na atualidade, os Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados (VANT) assumem uma crescente relevância na construção civil como novo mecanismo de obtenção de dados e inspeção visual, otimizando o tempo. A estratégia de pesquisa considera três etapas distintas: revisão bibliográfica, o procedimento experimental e, finalmente o processamento de dados, objetivando verificar a viabilidade do procedimento de inspeção. Evidencia-se a conveniência de utilização do VANT particularmente onde o acesso é difícil, o que pode reduzir tempo, custos e gerar maior segurança, além da reconstrução 3D da edificação para ser inspecionada e gerar diagnósticos mais certeiros.
Alargamiento de la vida útil de estructuras de hormigón armado expuestas a ambientes marinos mediante la aplicación de técnicas electroquímicas
Authors: Garcés Terradillos Pedro , Climent Miguel-Ángel , Carmona Jesús , Sánchez Rojas María José
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se ha estudiado la viabilidad de un tratamiento combinado de extracción electroquímica de cloruros (EEC) y protección catódica (PC) en estructuras de hormigón armado utilizando como ánodo una pasta conductora de cemento-grafito. Se ha comprobado que la aplicación previa de un tratamiento de extracción electroquímica de cloruros conlleva una mayor durabilidad del ánodo. Se ha demostrado que, para estructuras de hormigón armado situadas en ambientes marinos agresivos, la combinación de tratamientos electroquímicos, primero EEC para reducir el contenido de cloruros y a continuación PC para mantener las condiciones de pasivación, es capaz de proveer condiciones adecuadas de protección a la armadura, siempre que se aplique el valor de densidad de corriente adecuado, de acuerdo con el contenido medio de cloruros presente en las estructuras de hormigón armado.
Estándares para registrar señales de ecolocalización y construir bibliotecas de referencia de murciélagos en Colombia
Authors: Martinez Medina Daniela , Sánchez Jefferson , Zurc Danny , Sánchez Francisco , Otálora- Ardila Aída , Restrepo-Giraldo Carlos , Acevedo-Charry Orlando , Hernández Leal Fabián , Lizcano Diego J.
Published: January 2021

La bioacústica permite monitorear murciélagos difícilmente detectados con métodos tradicionales, como las redes de niebla, y permiten obtener información sobre diferentes aspectos de la biología de las especies de estudio. En los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés por la aplicación de estos métodos y, en consecuencia, ha sido rápido el desarrollo de los equipos de grabación ultrasónica y las herramientas de análisis. Sin embargo, en el Neotrópico la bioacústica de murciélagos está en etapa de crecimiento en algunos países y apenas ahora está apareciendo en otros, por lo cual es necesario fortalecer este campo para estudiar la alta diversidad taxonómica y funcional de la región. En este contexto, es indispensable contar con bibliotecas de señales acústicas, que sirvan como referencia para identificar, validar y comparar las grabaciones de diferentes especies y localidades. Algunos países del Neotrópico han avanzado en este proceso y están construyendo estas bibliotecas de referencia. En Colombia, el trabajo a futuro implica un reto, debido a las más de 200 especies de murciélagos presentes. Este trabajo presenta las bases metodológicas para tomar grabaciones de referencia de murciélagos en Colombia y generar una guía para aquellos que se están iniciando en este campo de investigación.
Diferencias en paisajes sonoros de sistemas silvopastoriles y potreros tradicionales del piedemonte llanero, Meta, Colombia
Authors: Morales Rozo Andrea , Lizcano Diego J. , Montoya Arango Sergio , Velasquez Suarez Álvaro , Alvarez Daza Evelyn , Acevedo-Charry Orlando
Published: January 2021

Registramos el paisaje sonoro en cuatro fincas ganaderas en el piedemonte llanero del departamento del Meta, Colombia. Se utilizaron ocho grabadoras acústicas, cuatro en  silvopastoriles de potreros arbolados y cuatro en sistemas de ganadería tradicional. Cada grabadora estuvo grabando 1 minuto cada 10 minutos, durante un promedio de 4 días, en noviembre de 2019. Se obtuvieron 4743 grabaciones de un minuto, 57.3% para sistemas de potreros tradicionales y 42.7% para potreros arbolados. Se encontraron diferencias en la actividad acústica y el uso del espacio acústico, el cual está relacionado a la distancia a las quebradas. Las variables distancia a vías y a quebradas explicaron la variación de riqueza de aves y anuros, la cual fue menor para potreros arbolados en relación a los potreros tradicionales, lo que puede estar relacionado con el diseño del sistema silvopatoril (monocultivo de falso yopo, Mimosa trianae). Futuras iniciativas silvopastoriles deberían incluir diseños más diversos para poder contrastar el tipo de métricas evaluadas en este estudio.
Biophony in a noisy tropical urban forest fragment
Authors: John Young Robert , Pieretti Nadia , Gonçalves Santos Sara , Duarte Marina
Published: January 2021

Anthropogenic noise, which is part of an urban soundscape, can negatively affect the behaviour of wild animals. Here we investigated how biophony (animal sounds) was affected by noise in an urban Brazilian forest fragment. Our hypothesis was that noise and biophony would differ between the border and the centre of the forest fragment (i.e., lower biophony predicted in noisy areas). Two passive acoustic monitoring devices were used to record soundscapes one week per month, 24 hour per day, from May to July 2012. The Acoustic Complexity Index (ACI) was used to quantify biophony and the Power Spectral Density (PSD) to quantify urban noise. PSD and ACI were higher on the border than in the centre of the fragment. PSD was lower in July, while the ACI did not significantly vary between months. Noise levels were also higher on the border. Conversely, potential species richness was higher in the centre of the forest fragment. Higher biophony at noisy sites can be interpreted as behavioural responses of species for communicating in noisy areas. Alternatively, they could be the result of species segregation by degree of vocal plasticity or due to differences in composition of communities.
Bioacoustic characterization of mating calls of a freshwater fish (Prochilodus magdalenae) for passive acoustic monitoring
Authors: Muñoz-Duque Sebastián , López-Casas Silvia , Rivera-Gutiérrez Héctor , Jiménez-Segura Luz
Published: January 2021

Fish produce sounds that are usually species-specific and associated with particular behaviors and contexts. Acoustic characterization enables the use of sounds as natural acoustic labels for species identification. Males of Prochilodus magdalenae produce mating sounds. We characterized  these sounds and tested their use in natural habitats, to use passive acoustic monitoring for spawning ground identification. We identified two types of acoustic signals: simple pulses and pulse trains. Simple pulses were 13.7 ms long, with peak frequency of 365 Hz, whereas pulse train were 2.3 s long, had peak frequency of 399 Hz, 48.6 pulses and its pulses lasted 12.2 ms, with interpulse interval of 49.0 ms long and 22.3 Hz pulse rate. We did not detect spawning in  absence of male calls nor differences in male sounds at different female densities. We found differences in train duration, pulse rate, and pulse duration in trains, according to the fish's source sites, but these sites were not well discriminated based on bioacoustical variables. In rivers, we located two P. magdalenae spawning grounds and recognized calls from another fish species (Megaleporinus muyscorum). We did not find a significant relationship between fish size and call peak frequency for P. magdalenae.
Detección automatizada de cantos de aves continúa siendo un desafío: el caso de warbleR y Megascops centralis (búho del Chocó)
Authors: Hoyos Cardona Laura Andrea , Ulloa Juan , Parra Vergara Juan Luis
Published: January 2021

El monitoreo acústico permite evaluar cambios espacio-temporales en poblaciones animales. Sin embargo, analizar grandes volúmenes de información es desafiante. Se evaluó el desempeño de una técnica de detección (función autodetec del paquete warbleR de R) para identificar vocalizaciones de Megascops centralis, utilizando 6877 grabaciones de un minuto provenientes de grabadoras ubicadas en 21 sitios alrededor del embalse Jaguas, Andes de Antioquia, Colombia. Las vocalizaciones se anotaron manualmente y se seleccionaron dos sitios (597 grabaciones) con el mayor número de registros (49 y 34) para la evaluación del algoritmo. La función fue utilizada con audios a dos tasas de muestreo (44 100 Hz y 22 050 Hz) y tres umbrales de amplitud (5, 10 y 20). Se evaluó el desempeño de la función en términos de su sensibilidad y especificidad, y se estimó la probabilidad de detección de una vocalización según su calidad. La sensibilidad y especificidad presentaron gran variación (0-0.48 y 0.5-0.98 respectivamente). La probabilidad de detección de una señal aumentó con su calidad (mala: 0.12, media: 0.27 y buena: 0.64). El monitoreo acústico tiene gran potencial, y parte de su éxito depende de herramientas de reconocimiento automático, de acceso abierto y fácil implementación. Este desarrollo puede acelerarse fortaleciendo nuestras colecciones sonoras.