bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Simulation Algorithm of Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy and Intelligent Control
Authors: Gao Tao
Published: September 2017

Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a kind of new cars with low fuel consumption and low emissions, which combines the advantages of traditional vehicle's long endurance and no-pollution of pure electric vehicles. It represents the future direction of development of vehicle for a period of time. Therefore, the research of HEV technology has important practical significance to the development of China's automobile. This paper takes Shijiazhuang bus as the research object, makes parameter matching according to the parameters of the vehicle, builds the vehicle model using Cruise software, set the simulation task, and studies the control strategy to reduce automobile fuel and pollutant emission targets. The research of this paper has certain directive significance to the modeling and energy optimization of hybrid electric vehicle.
Determinants of Continuance Intention of Facebook Usage Among Library and Information Science Female Undergraduates in Selected Nigerian Universities
Authors: Tella Adeyinka , Babatunde Bisola Justina
Published: September 2017

This study examined the determinant of continuance intention of Facebook usage among female library and information science (LIS) undergraduates selected from Four Library Schools in the Nigerian universities. Survey design approach was adopted and Questionnaire was used for data collection. Collected data was analyzed using percentages and frequency count; multiple correlation and regression. The results revealed that the inter-correlation exist between the dependent variable (continuance intention of Facebook usage) and the independent variables (i.e. Peer Influence, User Friendliness, sense of belonging, perceived enjoyment, Satisfaction, security, Facebook interface quality and attractiveness and perceived benefits) and jointly as indicated by the R-square value explained or predicted 49.4% of the variations in the LIS female undergraduates continuance intention of Facebook usage. The result generally suggests that the entire continuance intention dimensions/factors significantly correlates with Facebook continuance intention.
Parent-Child Relationship
Authors: Biswas Ashok Kumar , Gebuis Edward P.A. , Irimia Petrica
Published: September 2017

The parent-child relationship is a complex social issue. Several factors have much more impact on the issue besides a parent's perception. The participant was a retired, divorced man with two sons with his ex-wife. He felt satisfied with the relationship between himself and his children. Apart from conflicts and confusion, he successfully made it clear that for a busy person like him, he is doing his best to keep the relationship alive with his children. A relationship is typically subjective between two people and can not only be analysed by comparing it with others' examples. As the primary purpose of the qualitative research is to represent the essential qualities of one or more complex social phenomena. This qualitative interview successfully achieved qualitative information on the parent-child relationship. However, to understand better, bigger sample size (here N=1) would be required.
Understanding Strategies for Implementing Integrated Information Systems for Rabies Surveillance
Authors: Geofrey Anna , Kipanyula Maulilio J. , Fue Kadeghe , Sanga Camilius
Published: September 2017

Rabies continues to be one of the most perilous viral diseases that affect the nervous system and remains a significant threat to public health across the globe. Available data that show that rabies claims about 59,000 human lives annually. Most industrialized countries have eliminated rabies from domestic dog populations. Conversely, in most of the developing countries, rabies remains endemic in domestic dog populations and poorly controlled. One of the challenges in eradicating rabies in developing countries is attributed to ineffective surveillance systems. Different stakeholders have developed solutions to address this problem without tangible outcomes. Estimation of the economic burden particularly in developing countries is difficult because of the inadequacy of update and reliable surveillance data. Certainly, it is very challenging even to obtain basic information on how many human lives are lost due to rabies and the economics behind preventing the disease amongst those exposed. Up-to-date, official reporting of incidence data on rabies and rabies exposures status remains desperately poor in most canine rabies-endemic countries. Consequently, there is increasingly underestimation of the true burden of the diseases. Worse still data from active surveillance studies highlight the disparities between officially reported and recorded and likely occurring rabies deaths. In some cases, it has been shown that there are higher mortality rates than officially reported data, especially in resource deprived areas. This calls for a need to establish an integrated surveillance system, which allows data to be shared openly among different stakeholders dealing with rabies. The paper presents the state of art of rabies in Tanzania and evaluates the application of ICT in surveillance. It also advocates for a need of a comprehensive approach to addressing the problem. Development and adoption of integrated surveillance systems for rabies and other zoonotic diseases remain a nightmare in many developing countries including Tanzania. This paper calls for the development of an integrated standard mechanism for countries to assess their rabies status and measure progress in eliminating the disease. Such a system will fill the missing link between surveillance and control measures.
On Cloud Data Transaction Security Using Encryption and Intrusion Detection
Authors: Jazzar Mahmoud
Published: September 2017

The rapid increase of cybercrimes and wide-ranging security measures has created an obvious need for deep understanding of security vulnerabilities for Cloud Computing environments, and for best practices addressing such vulnerabilities. Cybercrime activities have affected many regional and international organizational functions and operations. Finding clear and direct evidence of cybercrimes is critical, because huge amounts of data are on networks, and the analysis of such data is complex. This paper propose and discuss a security-enhanced cloud data transaction model for simplifying and filtering cybercrime evidence. The model consumes a number of intrusion-detection sensor inputs that contribute to collecting and fine-tuning large items of evidence at a lower level. A relevant evidence-processing criteria are defined for further reduction and fine-tuning of cybercrime evidence. Initial results of the up-to-date testbed show that it is possible to reduce substantial levels of irrelevant patterns from randomly collected datasets.
Case Study on WSN Based Smart Home Garden with Priority Driven Approach
Authors: Durugkar Santosh R. , Poonia Ramesh C. , Naik Radhakrishna B.
Published: September 2017

The proposed system focuses on utilizing the available water for a home garden in an effective way. The same approach is applicable to agriculture (large field), as our country's economy depends up on the agriculture. Therefore, agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. In this paper, the authors have proposed a novel approach priority driven scheduling based irrigation model (for home garden) which supplies optimum and good quality water to the crops. The most important part for such system is Wireless Sensor Network which irrigates the plants. The proposed system will be very useful as it immediately irrigates the plant. In this process, soil moisture values will be sensed and compared to find out the lowest value. It means water will be given immediately to such plants where moisture values are low. Such systems will start new era in agriculture and will prove itself as a major requirement in the future due to many critical factors such as irregularity of monsoon, less availability of water, etc.
New Approach to Optimize Cooperation Mobile Robots for Ideal Coverage with an Architecture Designed with Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Amine Mami Mohammed , Fayçal Khelfi Mohamed , Laouici Zineb , Noria Benyettou
Published: September 2017

Mobile Robotics have taken an ever increasing role in everyday life in the past few years. The main objective often reflected in research is to try to have an optimal cooperation between the different robots to achieve a given objective. This cooperation allows one to have optimal solutions for sharing and resolving conflicts. This article proposes a solution to solve the problem of the coverage in environment with obstacles and the cooperation between several mobile robots. The authors developed a heuristic algorithm to optimize the coverage in a multi-robot system, while maintaining the connection between the robots. The proposed algorithm is based on the propagation of the robots as a function of the expansion of a wave in a uniform manner. The authors also integrate a self-reorientation approach to failure if a robot becomes out of race. Finally, this approach is modelled with the ADMs.
Influence of Carbon Nanofibers on the Shear Strength and Comparing Cohesion of Direct Shear Test and AFM
Authors: Alsharef Jamal M.A. , Taha Mohd Raihan , Al-Mansob Ramez A. , Khan Tanveer Ahmed
Published: September 2017

The stabilization and enhancement of the engineering properties of fine and coarse grained soil has heavily relied on reinforcement and admixture materials. This study discusses the effect of the additive of Carbon nanofibers (CNF) on the characteristics of soils in terms of shear strength. The content of CNF was changed within the range of 0.05 to 0.2% by total dry weight of the reinforced samples. In achieving the objective of minimizing the number of experimental runs and thus conserve material, time as well as overall cost, the Box–Behnken approach was chosen as the method for statistical prediction. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been utilized in studying features of CNF in stabilized soil samples and force at the origin of the cohesion (c) of soil. Test results reveal that the increases peak and residual shear strength of the reinforcement soil samples were increased with an increase in the CNF content. The pre-eminence of ionic correlation forces in the cohesion of soil was confirmed by the force (cohesion) measurements by (AFM). The statistical prediction’s relatively high correlation coefficients justified the results.
Indium Tin Oxide-Based Selective Emitter for Nano-Gap Thermophotovoltaic Applications
Authors: Lau Japheth Z.J. , Wong Basil T.
Published: September 2017

This paper seeks to use numerical simulation to study the effect of indium tin oxide-based emitters on the optical response and performance of nanogap thermophotovoltaic systems using a one-dimensional multi-layered model that incorporates fluctuational electrodynamics to solve the heat transfer problem. It is proposed that ITO be used as a selective emitter whose surface plasmon-polariton-enhanced heat flux spectrum is tuned by changing its processing method. In order to study the optical response of this system, an ITO layer is paired with three types of substrate materials to form three different two-layered emitters at 1000 K. It is discovered that an Ag/ITO emitter produces relatively high heat flux within a narrow spectrum as compared to the other two. It is shown that a substrate material possessing a dielectric function with low ε’ and ε” values (low absorption) contributes the least amount of heat flux and maximizes the contribution of the ITO layer at the resonant frequency producing a narrower spectral heat flux profile. Furthermore the substrate thickness has a significant effect on the heat flux spectrum especially at lower thicknesses. Finally, it is shown that by tuning ITO properties to better match the TPV cell’s band gap, higher power output and conversion efficiencies can be obtained.
Study of Electroluminescence in Cadmium Sulfide Polymer Nanocomposite Films
Authors: Lahariya Vikas
Published: September 2017

Nanocrystalline cadmium sulfide/Polyvinyl alcohol composite films were prepared by chemical route using Cadmium acetate and hydrogen sulfide gas as cadmium and sulfur source respectively. Poly vinyl Alcohal (PVA) used as polymer matrix. The initially loading of cadmium precursor influences the size as well as photoluminescence and electroluminescence properties of the Composite film. The films were characterized by X Ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and UV-Visible Absorption spectra. The X-ray Diffraction result showed that CdS nanocrystals embedded in polymer matrix were in a zinc blend cubic structure. The UV-Visible absorption spectra of composite film reveal the blue shift in the band gap energy with respect to CdS bulk (2.42eV) material owing to quantum confinement effect. The Photoluminescence emission spectra show the green light emission at 510 nm arising from the defects states due to excess of cadmium or sulfur anion vacancies. Electroluminescence study indicates enhanced emission with low turn on voltage for higher loading of cadmium in polymer matrix due to increased oscillator strength. When higher electric field is applied, light emission start due to acceleration collision mechanism by charge carries inside the composite film.
Characteristics of Thin-Film Transistors Fabricated by the Excimer Laser-Annealed Amorphous Silicon in Ultralow Oxygen Concentrations
Authors: Lee Hong Chan , Kim Kyoung Bo , Kim Moo Jin
Published: September 2017

To integrate circuits into the organic light emitting diode displays, it is necessary to fabricate polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) based thin-film transistors (TFTs) on the glass substrates. In this work we investigated the correlation between the electrical characteristics and the poly-Si morphology of the excimer laser annealed (ELA) TFTs in ultralow oxygen concentrations (~ ppm). The main feature of ELA poly-Si films is the protrusion at grain boundaries that makes the film surface rough. The surface roughness increases with an increasing oxygen concentration during the laser annealing and degrades the TFT characteristics in the on-state as well as the breakdown voltage of the gate insulator, while the off current is independent of process conditions. This result is attributed to the increased oxygen incorporation in the film in the case of an ELA process. Since oxygen increased the defect density in the polysilicon bandgap, controlling the oxygen concentrations in the process chamber helped to improve the performance of the ELA poly-Si TFTs. Based on these results, we discuss the relationship between performance of active matrix organic light emitting display panels and oxygen concentrations during ELA.
Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of NiO Nanostructured Growth Using Thermal Wet Oxidation of Nickel Metal Thin Film
Authors: Abubakar Dauda , Mahmoud Ahmed Naser , Mahmud Shahrom
Published: September 2017

The synthetic NiO nanostructures have been grown using thermal wet oxidation of metallic Ni thin films on ITO/glass by RF sputtering. The deposited Nickel thin films layer were oxidized in stream atmosphere at varying temperatures range of 400 °C to 700 °C inside furnace. Structural, surface morphology, electrical and the optical properties of NiO nanostructure were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field effect scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), hall effects measurements and UV-Visible spectroscope measurements. XRD analysis proves that the NiO nanostructure has a cubic structure with orientation of the most intense peak at (200), and the film prepared 600 °C shows a better crystalline quality. FESEM and AFM results also prove that by increasing the oxidation temperature, the dimensions and roughness of the NiO nanoparticle thin layer increases. Also the oxidation rate appears higher. The optimum temperature for synthesizing high quality NiO with great stoichiometric and crystalline property was determined to be at 600 of wet oxidation. EDX results reveals only O and Ni present in the treated samples, indicating a pure NiO composition obtained. From UV-Vis absorption spectroscope of Tauc’s relationship, the bang gap was observed to increase with temperature at range of 3.29 – 4.09 eV. The effect of annealing was highlighted on the tunability of electrical property Ni thin films with both n-type and p-type behavior NiO as determine from hall measurement. The observed tunability of NiO thin film will ease way toward p-n homojunction realization for optoelectronic device applications of short wave length that involves photodetectors and LEDs
Optimum Annealing Temperature for Transformation of NiO Nanoflakes from Chemically Grown Ni(OH)2 Nanostructure Thin Film
Authors: Abubakar Dauda , Mahmoud Ahmed Naser , Mahmud Shahrom , Al-Hazeem Nabeel Z.
Published: September 2017

Nickel oxide nanoflakes have been synthesized by chemical bath deposition. The films have been deposited on ITO/glass substrate and anneal at different temperature in furnace. Surface morphology, structural and optical properties of the nanoflakes films were examined and analysed. FESEM result shows that the NiO/Ni(OH)2 film shown an increase in the thin film roughness with temperature. The film was formed with the growth of porous net-like structure that was made up of interconnected nanoflakes’ wall with a thickness of 25–45 nm for the as-grown and annealed thin film samples. The atomic ratio and weight of sample treated at 250 °C approaches the stoichiometric value. XRD analysis demonstrated that the NiO nanoflakes consist of a rhombohedral structure with orientation peak of (110), (202) and (211). This appears with more stronger intensity at 250 °C. Likewise the PL and XRD result confirms the absence of Ni(OH)2 at 250 and 350 °C of annealing temperature. From the results analysis of this work the optimum temperature for synthesizing high stoichiometric and crystalline quality of NiO nanoflakes was consider to be at 250 °C from the characterisation result analysis.
Topical vancomycin: Does it reduce surgical site infection in bone tumors?
Authors: Byregowda Suman , Puri Ajay , Gulia Ashish
Published: September 2017

Introduction: We retrospectively analyzed a consecutive group of patients operated for bone tumors of extremity and pelvis who received only perioperative antibiotics (Group A) against a similar group that had additional 1 g topical vancomycin sprinkled in the wound before closure (Group B). The aim was to determine if the addition of topical vancomycin decreases the incidence of deep surgical site infection (SSI). Materials and Methods: A total of 221 patients operated between January 2011 and December 2011 were analyzed in Group A and 254 patients operated between April 2012 and March 2013 were analyzed in Group B. Any patient who required operative intervention for wound discharge was considered to be infected. All patients had a 1 year follow-up to determine the incidence of SSI. Results: The overall rate of SSI was 7% (31 of 475 patients). Seventeen (8%) of Group A patients had SSI as against 14 (6 %) of Group B patients (P = 0.337). A subgroup analysis of endoprosthetic reconstructions, internal fixation implants (plates/intramedullary nails), extracorporeal radiation treated bones and strut allografts showed no difference between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the addition of topical vancomycin before wound closure in patients operated for bone tumors does not decrease the incidence of SSI. Further investigation of this technique using a case–controlled methodology with an increase in the dose of vancomycin may be warranted.
Systemic and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma: Clinical features, morphological spectrum, and immunohistochemical profile
Authors: Kwatra Kanwardeep Singh , Paul Preethi A.M. , Calton Nalini , John Joseph M. , Cotelingam James D.
Published: September 2017

Background: T-cell lymphomas with anaplastic morphology typically comprise of anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive, anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL), ALK-negative ALCL (ALK- ALCL), and primary cutaneous ALCL (PC-ALCL). However, other entities such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma can also show similar anaplastic features. Aims: To study the clinical features and histological spectrum of ALCL and emphasize the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in their diagnosis and categorization. Setting and Design: Eight cases of ALCL diagnosed over a period of 4 years were selected for the study. Materials and Methods: Histopathological review and IHC was performed on all cases. Two ALK+ ALCL cases were tested by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) for t(2;5)(p23;q35). Results: There were four cases of ALK+ ALCL and two each of ALK- ALCL and PC-ALCL. Histologically, all the subtypes showed pleomorphic and “hallmark” cells with strong CD30 expression and variable loss of T-cell antigens. One case of PC-ALCL was leukocyte common antigen (LCA) negative. Epithelial membrane antigen was positive in all the six systemic ALCL cases. Two cases tested for t(2;5)(p23;q35) by FISH were positive. Conclusions: Diagnosis of ALCL is based on recognizing the key morphological features, especially the presence of “hallmark” cells. IHC is essential for confirmation of diagnosis and excluding other malignancies with anaplastic morphology. The inclusion of CD30 in the initial IHC panel will help identify LCA negative cases and avoid misdiagnosis.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Treatment and Prognosis
Authors: Fujimoto Hajime , Kobayashi Tetsu , Azuma Arata
Published: September 2017

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with a prognosis that can be worse than for many cancers. The initial stages of the condition were thought to mainly involve chronic inflammation; therefore, corticosteroids and other drugs that have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions were used. However, recently, agents targeting persistent fibrosis resulting from aberrant repair of alveolar epithelial injury have been in the spotlight. There has also been an increase in the number of available antifibrotic treatment options, starting with pirfenidone and nintedanib. These drugs prevent deterioration but do not improve IPF. Therefore, nonpharmacologic approaches such as long-term oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and lung transplantation must be considered as additional treatment modalities.
Evaluation and Management of Syncope
Authors: Bindra Paveljit S. , Marchlinski Francis E. , Lin David
Published: September 2017

Context

Syncope is a commonly encountered by primary care physicians and cardiologists. Etiology is frequently not apparent, and patients may undergo unnecessary tests. Treatment must be tailored to the likely etiology. Complexities of diagnosis and treatment often warrant referral to a specialist.

Objective

To highlight the evolving recommendations for managing syncope in a clinically and cost effective manner.

Evidence Acquisition

An electronic literature search was undertaken of the Medline database from January 1996 to April 2006, using the Medical Subject Heading syncope, defibrillators, pacemakers, echocardiogram, cardiomyopathy, long QT syndrome, Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and Brugada syndrome. Abstracts and titles were reviewed to identify English-language trials. Bibliographies from the references as well as scientific statements from the Heart Rhythm Society, American Heart Association, and American College of Cardiology were reviewed.

Evidence Synthesis

A methodical approach to syncope can improve diagnosis, limit testing, and identify patients at risk of fatal outcome. A thorough history, physical exam and electrocardiogram are critical to the initial diagnosis. Presence of heart disease determines the extent of work-up and treatment. A trans-thoracic echocardiogram should be performed in patients with an unclear diagnosis and a positive cardiac history or an abnormal ECG. Ventricular arrhythmias are the most common cause of syncope in patients with structural heart disease. Patients with an ejection fraction less than 30 percent should receive an implantable defibrillator with few exceptions. An electrophysiology study may assist risk stratification in syncopal patients with borderline ventricular function. In patients without structural heart disease, the presence of a well defined arrhythmia syndrome consistent with a genetically determined risk of sudden death must be sought. The 12-lead electrocardiogram, family history and clinical presentation will identify most high-risk patients. Patients without structural heart disease can often be managed conservatively with well defined strategies for preventing neurocardiogenic syncope.

Conclusions

Managing syncope requires a methodical approach. An understanding of the limitations of the diagnostic tools and treatments is important. Lethal causes of syncope make it imperative to recognize the appropriate timing of referring patients to specialists.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Communication about Colorectal Cancer Screening among Chinese American Primary Care Physicians
Authors: Liang Wenchi , Chen Mei-Yuh , Ma Grace X. , Mandelblatt Jeanne S.
Published: September 2017

Objective

To assess Chinese American primary care physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and barriers to recommending colorectal cancer (CRC) screening to their Chinese American patients.

Methods

Chinese American primary care physicians serving Chinese American patients in two metropolitan areas were invited to complete a mailed survey on CRC screening knowledge, attitudes toward shared decision making and CRC screening, and CRC screening recommendation patterns.

Results

About half of the 56 respondents did not know CRC incidence and mortality figures for Chinese Americans. Those aged 50 and younger, graduating from U.S. medical schools, or working in non-private settings had higher knowledge scores ( p < 0.01). Physicians graduating from U.S. medical schools had more favorable attitudes toward shared decision making ( p < 0.01). Lack of health insurance, inconsistent guidelines, and insufficient time were the most frequently cited barriers to recommending CRC screening.

Conclusions

Most Chinese American physicians had knowledge, attitude, and communication barriers to making optimal CRC screening recommendations.
Identification of Stroke Mimics in the Emergency Department Setting
Authors: Tobin W. Oliver , Hentz Joseph G. , Bobrow Bentley J. , Demaerschalk Bart M.
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose

Previous studies have shown a stroke mimic rate of 9%–31%. We aimed to establish the proportion of stroke mimics amongst suspected acute strokes, to clarify the aetiology of stroke mimic and to develop a prediction model to identify stroke mimics.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort observational study. Consecutive “stroke alert” patients were identified over nine months in a primary stroke centre. 31 variables were collected. Final diagnosis was defined as “stroke” or “stroke mimic”. Multivariable regression analysis was used to define clinical predictors of stroke mimic.

Results

206 patients were reviewed. 22% were classified as stroke mimics. Multivariable scoring did not help in identification of stroke mimics. 99.5% of patients had a neurological diagnosis at final diagnosis.

Discussion

22% of patients with suspected acute stroke had a stroke mimic. The aetiology of stroke mimics was varied, with seizure, encephalopathy, syncope and migraine being commonest. Multivariable scoring for identification of stroke mimics is not feasible. 99.5% of patients had a neurological diagnosis. This strengthens the case for the involvement of stroke neurologists/stroke physicians in acute stroke care.
Telemedicine and Alzheimer's Disease from Studio-Based Videoconferencing to Mobile Handheld Cell Phones
Authors: Loh Pk (Poh-Kooi)
Published: September 2017

The use of Telemedicine in the assessment of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's Disease is evolving with advances in Information and Communication Technology. This article outlines the course of evolution in Western Australia, a large state with a sparse population outside of the capital city. The starting point of the evolution, video-conferencing in Telehealth studios, is reviewed as well as the next stage, use of desktop technology, which enables the physician to consult from the office or clinic. A pilot study currently being undertaken to assess the validity of the latest stage in evolution of Telehealth—the use of handheld mobile cell phone video calling that allows the physician and patient to interact at locations convenient to both parties. The pitfalls and implications of the use of this stage, should it prove to be a valid approach, are discussed.
Type D Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion in a Schizophrenia Patient with Polydipsia
Authors: Yamauchi Takahira , Makinodan Manabu , Nagashima Tomohisa , Kiuchi Kuniaki , Noriyama Yoshinobu , Kishimoto Toshifumi
Published: September 2017

A 55-year-old man with schizophrenia developed water intoxication due to primary polydipsia. His manner of antidiuretic hormone secretion was investigated by water loading and infusion of hypertonic saline to clarify the form of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. The plasma antidiuretic hormone level, which may be involved in the occurrence of water intoxication, was consistently low in this patient, and linked to type D syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, designated “hypovasopressinemic antidiuresis”. Although this type is not common, it should be considered as a pathophysiology for water intoxication in schizophrenia patients.
Evaluation of stratospheric age-of-air from CF4, C2F6, C3F8, CHF3, HFC-125, HFC-227ea and SF6; implications for the calculations of halocarbon lifetimes, fractional release factors and ozone depletion potentials
Authors: Leedham Elvidge Emma C. , Bönisch Harald , Brenninkmeijer Carl A. M. , Engel Andreas , Fraser Paul J. , Gallacher Eileen , Langenfelds Ray , Mühle Jens , Oram David E. , Ray Eric A. , Ridley Anna R. , Röckmann Thomas , Sturges William T. , Weiss Ray F. , Laube Johannes C.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. In a changing climate, potential stratospheric circulation changes require long-term monitoring. Stratospheric trace gas measurements are often used as a proxy for stratospheric circulation changes via the mean age of air values derived from them. In this study, we investigated five potential age of air tracers – the perfluorocarbons CF4, C2F6 and C3F8 and the hydrofluorocarbons CHF3 (HFC-23) and HFC-125 – and compare them to the traditional tracer SF6 and a (relatively) shorter-lived species, HFC-227ea. A detailed uncertainty analysis was performed on mean ages derived from these new tracers to allow us to confidently compare their efficacy as age tracers to the existing tracer, SF6. Our results showed that uncertainties associated with the mean age derived from these new age tracers are similar to those derived from SF6, suggesting these alternative compounds are suitable, in this respect, for use as age tracers. Independent verification of the suitability of these age tracers is provided by a comparison between samples analysed at the University of East Anglia and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. All five tracers give younger mean ages than SF6, a discrepancy that increases with increasing mean age. Our findings qualitatively support recent work that suggests the stratospheric lifetime of SF6 is significantly less than the previous estimate of 3200 years. The impact of these younger mean ages on three policy-relevant parameters – stratospheric lifetimes, Fractional Release Factors (FRFs), and Ozone Depletion Potentials – is investigated in combination with a recently improved methodology to calculate FRFs. Updates to previous estimations for these parameters are provided.
Total ozone trends from 1979 to 2016 derived from five merged observational datasets – the emergence into ozone recovery
Authors: Weber Mark , Coldewey-Egbers Melanie , Fioletov Vitali E. , Frith Stacey M. , Wild Jeannette D. , Burrows John P. , Long Craig S. , Loyola Diego
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We report on updated trends using different merged datasets from satellite and groundbased observations for the time period 1979 until 2016. Trends were determined by application of a multiple linear regression (MLR) to annual mean zonal mean data. Merged datasets used are NASA MOD V8.6 and NOAA MERGE V8.6, both based upon data from the series of SBUV and SBUV-2 satellite instruments (1978–present) and the GTO (GOME-type Total Ozone) and GSG (GOME-SCIAMACHY-GOME2) merged datasets (1995–present) that are mainly composed of satellite data from GOME, SCIAMACHY, and GOME-2A. The fifth dataset are the monthly mean zonal mean data from ground data collected at WOUDC (World Ozone and UV Data Center). The addition of four more years of data since the last WMO Ozone Assessment (2013–2016) show that for most datasets and regions the trends since the stratospheric halogens reached maximum (~ 1996 globally and ~ 2000 in polar regions) are mostly not significantly different from zero. However, for some latitudes, in particular the southern hemisphere extratropics and northern hemisphere subtropics, several datasets show small positive trends of slightly below +1 %/decade that are barely statistically significant at the 2σ uncertainty level. In the tropics only two datasets show significant trends of +0.5 to +0.8 %/decade}, while the other show near zero trends. Positive trends since 2000 are observed over Antarctic in September, but near zero trends in October as well as in March over the Arctic. Since uncertainties due to possible drifts between the datasets as well as from the merging procedure used in the satellite datasets or due to the low sampling of ground data are not accounted for, the retrieved trends can be only considered being at the brink of becoming significant, but there are indications that we are about to emerge into the expected recovery phase. Nevertheless, the recent trends are still considerably masked by the observed large year-to-year variability in total ozone.
Initial shifts in nitrogen impact on ecosystem carbon fluxes in an alpine meadow: patterns and causes
Authors: Song Bing , Sun Jian , Zhou Qingping , Zong Ning , Li Linghao , Niu Shuli
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Increases in nitrogen (N) deposition can greatly stimulate ecosystem net carbon (C) sequestration through positive N-induced effects on plant productivity. However, how net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and its components respond to different N addition rates remains unclear. Using an N addition gradient experiment (six levels: 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 gN m−2 yr−1) in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, we explored the responses of different ecosystem C fluxes to an N addition gradient and revealed mechanisms underlying the dynamic responses. Results showed that NEE, ecosystem respiration (ER), and gross ecosystem production (GEP) all increased linearly with N addition rates in the first year of treatment but shifted to N saturation responses in the second year with the highest NEE (−7.77 ± 0.48 µmol m−2 s−1) occurring under an N addition rate of 8 gN m−2 yr−1. The saturation responses of NEE and GEP were caused by N-induced accumulation of standing litter, which limited light availability for plant growth under high N addition. The saturation response of ER was mainly due to an N-induced saturation response of aboveground plant respiration and decreasing soil microbial respiration along the N addition gradient, while decreases in soil microbial respiration under high N addition were caused by N-induced reductions in soil pH. We also found that various components of ER, including aboveground plant respiration, soil respiration, root respiration, and microbial respiration, responded differentially to the N addition gradient. These results reveal temporal dynamics of N impacts and the rapid shift in ecosystem C fluxes from N limitation to N saturation. Our findings bring evidence of short-term initial shifts in responses of ecosystem C fluxes to increases in N deposition, which should be considered when predicting long-term changes in ecosystem net C sequestration.
Popularidade e visibilidade em redes sociais online: negociação de capitais sociais em meio digital para ampliação de audiência
Authors: Maia Junot De Oliveira , Braga Denise Bértoli
Published: September 2017

O presente estudo propõe uma análise dos fatores que promovem a visibilidade e popularidade de determinadas postagens online. Com base em um vídeo, postado no YouTube, que obteve cerca de 5 milhões de visualizações, a pesqui­sa indica fatores que podem explicar a popularidade e a visibilidade – capitais sociais propostos por Recuero (2009) – do vídeo analisado e o seu impacto no âmbito da circulação social da internauta investigada. Essas questões são rele­vantes para entendermos novas possibilidades de participação em sociedade de sujeitos simbolicamente periféricos.
Uma proposta de estrutura interna para os pronomes pessoais no português brasileiro
Authors: Carvalho Danniel
Published: September 2017

Este artigo discute como o uso abrangente das formas pronominais no português brasileiro é licenciada por sua composicionalidade interna. A partir de um modelo minimalista de gramática (CHOMSKY, 1995, 1998, 1999), é adotada uma teoria de traços enriquecidos (BÉJAR, 2003; CARVALHO, 2008, 2010), desenvolvida com base na noção de acarretamento e subespecificação de traços, com a finalidade de compor tais pronomes. Esta proposta pretende lançar luz sobre o problema da concordância entre elementos que apresentam diferenças entre si com relação a seu conjunto de traços (pessoa, número e gênero). Esta abordagem leva a uma descrição mais clara acerca do sincretismo das formas pronominais pessoais em português brasileiro a partir de sua estrutura interna, o que simplifica consideravelmente a descrição das operações de concordância nesta língua.
Memória e interpretação: a Lei da “Ficha Limpa” em face dos princípios da proporcionalidade e da razoabilidade
Authors: Gonçalves Luis Cláudio Aguiar , Fonseca-Silva Maria da Conceição
Published: September 2017

Neste trabalho, apresentamos resultados de pesquisa, que teve como um dos objetivos analisar construções interpretativas propostas por hermeneutas no STF, quando essa Corte, exercendo o controle concentrado de constitucionalidade da LC 135/2010, apreciou a validade da referida lei, por suposta afronta aos Princípios da Proporcionalidade e Razoabilidade. Para tanto, partimos do exame das ADC’s 29 e 30 e da ADI 4.578, mobilizando postulados teóricos da Análise de Discurso. Ao final do julgamento dessas ações, o STF chegou à conclusão de que a LC 135/2010 não violou os Princípios da Proporcionalidade e Razoabilidade.
Zahrā Khānūm Tāj al-Salṭana and Mary Wollstonecraft: A Comparative Study of “Memoirs of Tāj al-Salṭana” and “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman”
Authors: Mahmoodi-Bakhtiari Behrooz , Najar Esmaeil
Published: September 2017

Less than two centuries since its emergence in the mid-nineteenth century in America, feminism expanded into myriad branches: liberal feminism, socialist feminism, and (most recently) postcolonial feminism, among other things. In Iran, feminism as a collective political movement never came to fruition; however, some have, in different times, advocated for women’s rights in one way or another. This article is a comparative exploration of the life and impact of Mary Wollstonecraft and Zahrā Khānūm Tāj al-Salṭana, the daughter of the Qajar Nāṣir al-Dīn Shāh. Tāj al-Salṭana was the only woman in an Oriental harem who openly articulated her ideas and sounded her identity through a written memoir—the first of its kind. We have delineated her influence in modern Iran and compared it with Mary Wollstonecraft’s feminist vindication in the age of Enlightenment: both women were precursors of feminism in their respective countries. In effect this study engages the neglect experienced by women in their respective milieus in both the age of Enlightenment and the late Qajar dynasty; subsequently the lives and impacts of Wollstonecraft and Tāj al-Salṭana in their contemporary contexts is punctuated.
Vision of Effective Leadership
Authors: Cote Robert
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the paper will be to develop a framework for the objective evaluation of leadership styles, including effective and dark side leadership. In the framework, various leadership approaches are identified, such as (1) Transformational Leadership, (2) Transactional Leadership, (3) Charismatic Leadership, (4) Situational Leadership, (5) Pseudo-Transformational Leadership. Using this framework, two historical leaders will be compared and contrasted according to their leadership style. In the final section, dark side leadership dimensions will be reviewed and evaluated. Based on the framework, a vision of leadership strategy plan will be completed for incorporating effective leadership, including recognizing darker characteristics and providing solutions to avoid the emergence of dark leadership.
Psychopathy: Simple or Syndromal Disorder of Personality
Authors: Zepinic Vito
Published: September 2017

Psychopathy is one of the most puzzling clinical diagnosis and has been a subject to numerous theoretical attempts to define this personality disorder. Although not being recognised as an independent disorder in the DSM-5, the disorder is manifested in different areas of the individual’s personality and subsequently became subject of consideration as syndromal, not a simple disorder. This condition is usually stable and long-lasting, its onset usually traced back to childhood or adolescence, often being undiagnosed and/or successfully masked by the psychopath. Some psychopaths are quite successful in their profession, others are commonly related to the violence or crime.
Growth and Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds in Physalis angulata L. at Two Different Periods in the Bahia Reconcavo, Brazil
Authors: De Abreu Claudia Brito , De Souza Manuela Oliveira , Miranda Fabrício Mendes , Rodrigues Torben Grael Dos Santos , Dias Fabio De Souza
Published: September 2017

Physalis angulata L. has aroused the interest of the researchers, since its properties come from the great therapeutic potential attributed to the commonly called substances of physalins. However, its cultivation in the study region lacks important information on the species adaptation to local soil and climate characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and concentration of phenolic compounds in P. angulata L. at two different periods in the Bahia Reconcavo. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with 10 replicates. We evaluated the stem height and diameter, number of leaves and fruits, dry mass of leaves, stems and roots, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, leaf mass ratio and total phenolics, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity in the different organs of the plant. The growth was favorable from April to June. However, the concentration of phenolic compounds was higher in the period from December to February. The cultivation period influenced the growth and concentration of phenolic compounds in P. angulata L. in the Bahia Reconcavo.
Water Relations and Gas Exchanges of West Indian Cherry under Salt Stress and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doses
Authors: Sá Francisco V. da S. , Gheyi Hans R. , Lima Geovani S. de , Paiva Emanoela P. de , Fernandes Pedro D. , Moreira Romulo C. L. , Silva Luderlândio De A. , Neto Miguel Ferreira
Published: September 2017

This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between the fertilization with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and irrigation with saline water on the water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence in West Indian cherry in the vegetative stage. The study was carried out in protected environment, using lysimeters filled with clay loam Regolithic Neosol, with low P content, installed in a randomized block design, arranged in a factorial scheme with five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw), and four managements of P and N fertilization, with three replicates and one plant per plot. Along the experiment, water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated in West Indian cherry plants. The increase in irrigation water salinity reduces the gas exchanges of the plants, but the increment of 40% in N supply increases the photosynthetic activity of West Indian cherry at recommendation levels higher than 100:100% of the P/N ratio, when irrigated with ECw of up to 3.0 dS m-1. The combined action of N and P, at doses of 140:140% N/P recommendation, increases leaf turgor in the plants, regardless of the ECw level. The increment of 40% in N dose reduces the effects of salinity on the initial fluorescence of chlorophyll a in West Indian cherry irrigated with up to 2.2 dS m-1.
Germination of Pomegranate Seeds under Sarcotesta Extraction Methods and Drying
Authors: De Carvalho Deived U. , Da Cruz Maria A. , Osipi Elisete A. F. , Osipe Jethro B. , Colombo Ronan C. , Marinho Jéssica De L. , Sorace Maria A. F. , Cossa Conceição A.
Published: September 2017

Aiming to evaluate the effect of degumming methods and natural drying, as well as, the influence of different periods of seeds in quicklime solution on Punica granatum L. germination, were conducted two experiments. At first, the seeds from ripe fruits were subjected to the following sarcotesta extraction: natural fermentation at room temperature, during 72 hours; immersion in quicklime (CaO), during 24 hours; and non-degumming, taken as control. For the second experiment, the extraction method was carried out by the following mixture: seeds, quicklime, and distilled water; differing the immersion period (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 hours). In both, the experimental design was completely randomized, performing the water content and germination test. The quicklime method is efficient to degrade and to eliminate the sarcotesta on P. granatum seeds, and the drying process provides a better germination. In addition, there is a linear increase on seed physiological quality when upgrades the immersion period in quicklime solution.
Chemical Characterization of Soil with Superficial Application of Avian Bed in Succession to Canola Cultivation
Authors: Daronch A. G. C. C. , Chiapetti T. P. , Rinaldi L. K. , Barbosa J. De A. , Ritter G. , Rocha M. E. L. , Abade M. T. R. , Hendges C. , Mascarello G. , Lubian C. , Javorski M. , Perego I.
Published: September 2017

Additions of poultry manure can promote improvements in the conditioning of the biological, physical and chemical properties of the soil. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate soil chemical attributes through the superficial application of linear doses of chicken litter. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with 4 replicates and 7 treatments: T1: Witness (without application of avian bed), T2: 1 Mg ha-1, T3: 2 Mg ha-1, T4: 4 Mg ha-1, T5: 8 Mg ha-1, T6: 16 Mg ha-1, T7: 32 Mg ha-1 avian bed. The results indicate that the application of avian bed doses has an influence on K+ results, where intermediate doses as 12 and 18 ton ha-1 have higher results in potassium content in the analyzed soil. The doses of aviary bed alter the total organic carbon content. It can be said that higher doses of avian bed result in higher values of phosphorus and calcium. The calcium contents were higher than the magnesium content, potential acidity (H+ + Al3+) and Sulfur had a similar behavior to that of Calcium and Magnesium, a negative quadratic behavior. The values for pH measured did not vary greatly in relation to the doses of poultry bed applied and from the statistical data it was possible to determine that only pHCaCl2 had a significant difference. All other chemical attributes analyzed were not significantly influenced by the addition of the organic fertilizer when compared to the control, regardless of the application form in the soil.