bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pagamento por serviço ambiental: panorama do Programa Bolsa Verde do Estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Barros Vanessa Cabral Costa de , Souza Rachel Hermeto de Pádua , Marques Ricardo Tayarol , Borges Luis Antônio Coimbra
Published: October 2020

O Programa Bolsa Verde é uma iniciativa pioneira do Estado de Minas Gerais, instituído pela Lei Estadual nº 17.727/2008 e regulamentado pelo Decreto Estadual 45.113/2009. Tem como foco a preservação da cobertura vegetal nativa no Estado a partir de um modelo de Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) que incentiva os proprietários rurais a preservarem e a recuperarem áreas prioritárias definidas pelo Estado. O artigo analisa os princípios e a fundamentação do programa com o objetivo de reconhecer seus pontos fortes e os motivos de não efetividade. Para verificar o seu funcionamento foi realizada pesquisa da legislação que o instituiu, resoluções e portarias vinculadas, sendo feita análise de dados governamentais e de trabalhos acadêmicos. Foi verificado que o Bolsa Verde não deve ser o único instrumento de política pública para resolver os problemas ambientais de MG, no entanto, constatou-se ser um programa estratégico, na medida em que estimula a manutenção e a recuperação da cobertura vegetal nativa. Houve o entendimento de que o Bolsa Verde pode ser um promotor de conscientização ambiental e da cidadania, além da melhoria de condições de vida dos beneficiários. O alcance dos objetivos pactuados foi comprometido, uma vez que não teve continuidade, sendo lançados apenas dois editais na modalidade de manutenção, com não pagamento efetivo dos mesmos. Constatou-se que há a necessidade de se reativar o programa e que o Estado de MG cumpra as cláusulas de contrato estabelecidas, em especial o pagamento acordado, para que as políticas de apoio conservacionista sejam respeitadas e valorizadas pela sociedade.
Carbono orgânico e estoque de carbono do solo em diferentes sistemas de manejo
Authors: Troian Douglas , Rosset Jean Sérgio , Martins Luis Felipe Batista Nandi , Ozório Jefferson Matheus Barros , Castilho Selene Cristina de Pierri , Marra Leandro Marciano
Published: October 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT) e os estoques de carbono (EstC) em diferentes sistemas de manejo conduzidos ao longo do tempo no município de Iguatemi (MS), Brasil. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, sendo estudadas quatro áreas situadas em uma mesma propriedade rural, conduzidas com diferentes sistemas de manejo, sendo elas: lavoura em sistema de preparo convencional, pastagem permanente e eucalipto, além da área de mata nativa sem ação antrópica. A coleta de solos foi efetuada nas camadas de 0-5, 5-10 e 10-20 cm, com realização das seguintes análises: densidade do solo (Ds), teores de COT, com posteriores cálculos do índice de estratificação (IE), EstC e variação do estoque de carbono (ΔEstC), tendo a área de mata como referência. Posteriormente as variáveis foram agrupadas em análise multivariada. Todas as áreas manejadas apresentaram valores de Ds acima do limite crítico, superiores à área de mata, chegando a 1,73 Mg m-3. A área de mata obteve teores e estoques de carbono superiores em todas as camadas, quando comparada às áreas manejadas, sendo que estas não apresentaram potencial de acúmulo de carbono no solo, apresentando ΔEstC negativo em todas as camadas avaliadas. Todas as áreas estudadas apresentaram IE superior a 1,00, com a área de mata superior às áreas manejadas, sendo estas semelhantes entre si. A análise multivariada formou dois grupos distintos, um contendo a área de mata e outro contendo os sistemas de manejo.
Análise da influência do alumínio e magnésio nos processos fermentativos de resíduos hidrolisados da bananeira para produção de etanol
Authors: Nolasco Rodrigo Xavier , Ascêncio Sérgio Donizeti , Ballin Fabiano , Soares Ilsamar Mendes , Costa Odélio Joaquim da , Nazareno Julianne Cutrim
Published: October 2020

Os diferentes processos para a produção de etanol possuem grande variação de custo de produção. Desta forma, a matéria-prima utilizada e o meio fermentativo constituem um forte fator no rendimento produtivo. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a produtividade de etanol de resíduos lignocelulósicos hidrolisados da bananeira, submetidos à adição de diferentes concentrações de magnésio e alumínio no mosto fermentativo. Neste experimento, foram utilizados o pseudocaule (PC) e a massa foliar da bananeira (MF). Os resíduos foram submetidos a um pré-tratamento intercalado entre ataque ácido e básico e, logo após, foi realizada a hidrólise enzimática da fração sólida. O experimento fermentativo foi composto por 2 concentrações de sulfato de alumínio (0, 50, 100 mg.L-1) e 3 concentrações de óxido de magnésio (0, 1, 2 e 3 mg.L-1), adicionados em 10 ml do mosto hidrolisado. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado com 3 repetições. Os diferentes resíduos estudados (PC e MF) obtiveram altos teores de glicose (73,24 e 79,75 g.L-1 respectivamente), demonstrando o potencial desses materiais para a produção de etanol. Já na fermentação, houve diferenças significativas na adição de magnésio e alumínio, mostrando que o magnésio tem capacidade de elevar a produção de etanol em até 24% e que o alumínio pode gerar uma redução de 10% na produção. Entretanto, não houve diferenças significativas na interação entre os minerais, o que significa que o magnésio não conseguiu suprimir o efeito tóxico causado pelo alumínio.
To the question of the volume of changes in the elastic tissue of the uterus in case of spontaneous ruptures of it during childbirth and pregnancy
Authors: Davydova G. L.
Published: October 2020

The question of the choice of one or another method of treatment for ruptured uterus distracted the attention of doctors in the last time from studying the reasons for them. Between the two to this day in the sciences, there is disagreement regarding these reasons, despite the fact that more than 300 years have passed since the description of Abulkasem [1]) the first rupture of the uterus, and there is still a whole series of ruptures of the uterus, for which we are not in a state to give a clear answer to the question of their ethology, despite the most thorough analysis of them both from the clinical and from the anatomical side.
To scholarship about the "months"
Authors: Zhikharev S. S.
Published: October 2020

All the theories of the old time did not rely on sufficient anatomical and physiological information about the structure of female genital organs
Antiseptics and asepsis in obstetrics
Authors: Voff I. A.
Published: October 2020

(Biblioteka Bracha, 1895, No. 7. Original article, p. 449). Based on the comparison of modern data, the author comes to the following conclusions
A case of twisting of the legs of an ovarian tumor every time after the appearance of the first menstruation
Authors: Muratov A. A.
Published: October 2020

The reasons for the twisting of the legs of pedunculated tumors are still not fully established. Only some of the conditions are indicated, which seem to favor twisting.
To casuisticѣ foreign bodies in the vaginaѣ in women in labor
Authors: Popov N. I.
Published: October 2020

(Modern Clinic, 1895, No. 6-7, p. 68). In a primiparous, 18 years old, the author removed from the vagina the head from a honey candle holder with a stearic candle (actually ogarkom).
Къ терапіи смѣщеній матки назадъ
Authors: Assumption V. V.
Published: October 2020

(Medical Notes, 1895, Nos. 12, 13, 14, 15, p. 233, etc.) The author thoroughly examines all the methods proposed earlier and now proposed for the treatment of posterior uterine contractions.
A case of ugliness, surplus lips
Authors: Goshkevich M. I.
Published: October 2020

(Doctor 1895, No. 37, p. 1044). In 35-year-old women who gave birth and did not represent any deviations in the constitution and nutrition of their body, the author found on the perineum, on the transverse finger below the posterior end of the genital fissure, two leathery, pigmented , semicircular, similar to small lips, folds, located symmetrically on both sides of the perineal seam.
Antifungal activity of ethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. against Dermatophytes and Candida species
Authors: Sundaresan Preeja K. , Kesavan Kala P.
Published: October 2020

Background: Sphaeranthus indicus as an entire plant or the specific parts like roots, leaves, flowers are used for treating helminthiasis, jaundice, diabetes, dyspepsia, fever, cough, hernia, gastritis, hemorrhoids, migraine, leprosy and skin diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. Methods: The antifungal activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant Sphaeranthus indicus Linn was evaluated by incorporating the extract in Sabourauds dextrose agar. This property was studied in vitro using the ethanolic extract on Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum by using Clotrimazole as standard drug.Results: This study revealed that the ethanolic extract of Sphaeranthus indicus is having good antifungal activity against Dermatophytes and Candida species. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the promising antifungal action of ethanolic extract of whole plant of Sphaeranthus indicus Linn. This feature can be exploited in the development of a newer antifungal agent from plant.
Implication of preoperative glycosylated hemoglobin level on short term outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Saha Debmalya , Sharma Rakesh , Sinha Lakshmi , Ali Ahmed , Chaudhary Sunita , Maheshwari Ankit , Geelani Muhammad Abid
Published: October 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the significant risk factors for adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery. The glycosylated haemoglobin i.e. HbA1c is a reliable diagnostic test to know the long-term glycemic status. The objective of the study is to investigate the implication of preoperative HbA1c level on short term outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Method: Total 218 patients were studied, and the data were collected retrospectively. Patients are distributed into group 1 with HbA1c≤7 (good glycemic control) and group 2 with HbA1c>7 (poor glycemic control). The parameters studied for short term outcomes were revision due to bleeding, duration of mechanical ventilation, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), atrial fibrillation (AF), renal failure requiring dialysis, infective complications like sternal and leg wound infection, mediastinitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis; length of ICU stay and in-hospital mortality.Result: In comparison to group 1, patients of group 2 showed statistically significant more morbidity in view of short-term outcomes in this study.Conclusion: HbA1c>7 is associated with statistically significant adverse short-term outcomes after CABG.
Clinical and biochemical outcome in pediatric patients with iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Shah Archana N. , Kothari Jaini S. , Desai Dhara P. , Savaliya Tushar , Prajapati Rajal B.
Published: October 2020

Background: Iron deficiency is a global public health problem with unique cultural, dietary and infectious hurdles that are difficult to overcome. Aims and objectives were to study clinical and biochemical profile of iron deficiency anemia, risk factors for iron deficiency anemia, presenting illnesses associated with iron deficiency anemia, association of other nutritional deficiency with iron deficiency anemia, treatment of iron deficiency anemia and recovery rate.Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study is conducted between June 2017 to May 2019in a tertiary care institute Gujarat state of India. All the children in the age group of 6 months to 5 years admitted in paediatric ward with anaemia were included in study. Data collection was done using a pretested questionnaire including socio-demographic factors. Data was analysed using statistical package for social sciences and excel and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The prevalence of anemia is 62.31% in patients admitted during study period. Mild to moderate anemia is observed in 75% patients. In present study, 62% patients are in age group of 6 months to 2 years and 38% patients are >2 years to 5 years. Patients with dimorphic anemia have initial mean serum B12 level 31.36 ng/ml, which improved after treatment to 312.98 ng/ml falling in the range of normalcy.Conclusion: Though anemia is common, most patients are stable and present with mild to moderate anemia. Only a fraction of patients presenting with congestive cardiac failure require packed red blood cells transfusion. Oral iron therapy for three months is the mainstay of treatment for iron deficiency anemia. Vitamin B12 therapy is also needed in patients with dimorphic anemia.
Age-related differences in risk profile among Bangladeshi adults suffering from stable angina
Authors: Mia Solaiman , Acherjya Goutam Kumar , Ghosh Paritosh Kumar , Rahman Mahfuzur , Islam Quazi S.
Published: October 2020

Background: We aimed to find out the age-related differences in risk profile among Bangladeshi adults suffering from stable angina.Methods: An observational study was conducted in three different districts in Bangladesh (Feni, Noakhali and Chandpur) through the medical camps during the period from 1st February 2018 to 31st July 2018. Data of 764 stable angina patients was analysed.Results: The male to female ratio in both groups was 4:1. The mean age of the study population in younger group was 34.0±5.2 years and in older group 57.0±6.3 years. Smokers were more in younger group (70.0% vs. 46.0%; p=0.032). Hypertension was less in the younger group (38.0% vs. 58.0%) (p=0.045). Presence of diabetes was higher in the older age group (34.0% vs. 4.0%) (p=0.001). The total cholesterol was higher in older group (182.9±33.1) vs. (171.1±24.8 mg/dl) (p=0.047). 68% of patients of older group and 38% of younger group had stenosis in left anterior descending artery (p=0.003). The involvement of left circumflex and right coronary artery in older age group were higher (56% and 66% respectively) than those in younger group (36% and 40% respectively) (p=0.045 and p=0.009). Patients had multiple risk factors like hypertension, family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking and ischemic heart disease (IHD).Conclusions: This study found that the incidence of IHD is very among the district-level diabetic patients of Bangladesh and this incidence increases with the rise of age.
Ação Coletiva como Forma de Ampliar a Educação para a Sustentabilidade: Uma Discussão à luz da Agenda 2030
Authors: Junges Vanessa De Campos , Telocken Suelen Geíse , Campos Simone Alves Pacheco de
Published: October 2020

O presente ensaio teórico tem como objetivo evidenciar a ação coletiva como forma de ampliar a educação para a sustentabilidade na Agenda 2030. Com base no estudo, foi possível refletir sobre a relevância de ações coletivas, as quais movem os indivíduos em vista do bem comum; bem como perceber a pertinência das práticas de aprendizagem, com base na educação para a sustentabilidade. Assim sendo, verificou-se que a Agenda 2030 apresenta itens da ação coletiva como um todo e que a educação para a sustentabilidade é reiterada pela ação coletiva, o que transforma a conexão das temáticas em uma forma de ‘bola de neve positiva’, a fim de alcançar os objetivos da agenda. Identificou-se que muitas habilidades desenvolvidas pela literatura de aprendizagem apresentam-se como pré-requisitos para o desenvolvimento dos 17 ODS, o que evidencia a necessidade de ações coletivas nessa área. Entende-se que, para o alcance no longo prazo da Agenda 2030, faz-se necessário um olhar atento sob as variáveis da ação coletiva, as quais podem impactar positivamente.
About the ontology of task types and methods of their solution
Authors:   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Fayans A.M. , Kneller V.Yu. ,   V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article develops the version of the transdisciplinary approach proposed at the V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences of Russian Academy of Sciences focused on identifying and systematizing the types of tasks and methods for their solution. This approach starting from the task, as such, ascends inductively from the concept of the task through the concept of the single to the Universal, then allowing deductively identify and systematize the types of singles, establishing the place of tasks in this construction. The possibility of identifying and systematizing the types of tasks that are qualitatively different in methods of solution, based on the sources that generate these tasks, is considered. A procedure for identifying and systematizing key types of tasks is presented, on which any other tasks can be decomposed. In accordance with the decomposition procedure, the methods and properties of methods for solving key tasks determine the methods and properties of methods for solving tasks combined on their basis. The consistency of the proposed way of systematization with the known ontological constructions follows from the inductive-deductive procedure for tracing the sources of the foundations of concepts and provisions underlying various ontological constructions. This makes it possible to determine the place of the mentioned foundations in the formed integral picture of the types of singles, types of tasks and methods from the solution, and hence the place in this picture of the considered ontological constructions. Potential capabilities opened up on the way of further following the transdisciplinary approach are revealed; the directions of further research are indicated, allowing in the future to develop an extremely formalizable technology for the synthesis of methods for solving various problems.
Special aspects of the ontological approach application in intelligent system development for certain types of problems in chemistry
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia, Gulyaeva K.A. , Artemieva I.L. ,   Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
Published: October 2020

The article describes several aspects of the ontological approach application to the intelligent system development. This approach is grounded on the application domain modeling by means of applied logic theories. The basic thesaurus for the development of professional activity models is created (based on the ontological approach). All the definitions from this dictionary are presented. The examination of the “Atomic weight” term and other chemistry term evolution brings to the sharp focus the fact that in the knowledge-intensive application domains not only the knowledge but also the ontology changes over time. Consequently, intelligent system developer should consider the opportunity of knowledge and metaknowledge alteration to prolong the intelligent system lifecycle and intelligent system update. For this purpose, intelligent system development should start after the application domain specification modelling. The created algorithm for the development of the application domain specification, which includes three steps: ontological analysis of the application domain, the major purpose of which consists in the search of the adequate conceptualization, includes the following subtasks: informal problem statement, concept analysis, scope analysis, situation analysis – synthesis of the application domain model and proving the hypothesis of the model adequacy. The steps of the algorithm are supported by the description of the intellectual activity task solution. This problem is the classification problem. The novelty of the article is the solution developed for the classification of the chemical elements in Mendeleev’s Periodic table based on the values of the isotope abundance and atomic weight. Major steps of application domain ontology model development are illustrated with the help of the solution to the stated problem. The model that this article provides includes the knowledge ontology and the situation ontology. The key steps of the application domain specification development: ontological analysis, ontology model synthesis, and adequacy criteria – are discussed the most thoroughly.
Conceptual and terminological apparatus formation of the intersubjective management theory
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center RAS, Institute for the Control of Complex Systems RAS, Samara, Russia, Moiseeva T.V.
Published: October 2020

The problem of ambiguous interpretation of terms used in this theory which can lead to a distortion of meaning and misunderstanding of the theory of intersubjective management is considered in the article. The summary of the theory of intersubjective management is presented. It is proposed to form the conceptual and terminological apparatus of the theory, using theoretical sources - publications of the Vittikh school representatives, materials of dictionaries and encyclopedias. The terminological structure of this subject area is developed. An expert approach is used in the process of terminological structure creation. In the process of developing and analyzing the terminological structure, a set of key terms of the theory of intersubjective management was identified. To define the key terms that require explanation in the context of the theory of intersubjective management, the thematic field of the theory is analyzed for the first time. To visualize the thematic field of the theory of intersubjective management the mind map of key concepts is built. When describing the terms that represent the subject area of the theory of intersubjective management, two groups of terms are distinguished. One of them includes the words forming the very name of the theory ("theory", "intersubjectivity", " management"), which require priority definition, since without understanding the meaning embedded in them, further comprehension of the theory of intersubjective management leads to its distorted image if it is misunderstood. All other terms are included in another group. It is noted that on the basis of the proposed disordered set of terms, a more structured and systematized terminological system will be built, which will form the basis for the development of thesaurus and ontological model of the theory of intersubjective management.
The Position of the Attorney's Request for Information in Corruption Case Investigation as the Object of the Application for Abuse of Authority in the State Administrative Court (Study of Decision Number: 25 / G / 2015 / PTUN-MDN)
Authors: Nurianti Leni Eva , Yuslim Yuslim , Khairani Khairani
Published: October 2020

The absolute authority of the State Administrative Court in examining, deciding and resolving State Administrative Disputes is based on objects in the form of decisions and / or actions regulated in the State Administrative Court Law (PERATUN Law) and the Government Administration Law (AP Law). In Decision Number: 25 / G / 2015 / PTUN-MDN, the Prosecutor's Request for Information is placed as the object of the request for abuse of authority. Based on these facts, normative legal research is carried out which aims to examine and analyze cases (case approach) with the statute approach and other regulations related to legal issues regarding how the limits of abuse of power are the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court and what is the position. Request for a statement from the Attorney General's Office in investigating corruption cases in the Procedural Law of the State Administrative Court. The conclusion of the research results is that the limit of abuse of power which is the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court is a decision and / or action as normalized in the Administrative Law and the Government Administration Law. The absence of procedural norms on abuse of authority in the Administrative Court Law makes Judges and Lawyers inaccurate in determining the legal basis for placing the Prosecutor's Request for Information as an object in the application for abuse of power when case Number : 25 / G / 2015 / PTUN-MDN is rolling in the Medan State Administrative Court . The norm vacancy is filled by Supreme Court Regulation Number 4 of 2015 which limits the absolute competence of the State Administrative Court in applications for abuse of power after the results of the Supervision of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus and prior to criminal proceedings. The Prosecutor's Request for Information issued based on the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) cannot be placed as an object based on the norms of Article 2 letter d of Law Number 9 of 2004, so the author advises the President and / or the House of Representatives to design amendments to the Administrative Law so that it is harmonious with the new norms presented by the Government Administration Law and it is hoped that Judges and Lawyers as law enforcers and justice carry out the norms of the Law ethically so that they do not get lost in determining the object of the application for abuse of power.
Legal Construction of Sale and Purchase of Land in Indonesia in the Perspective of Act No. 5 of 1960 Concerning Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles
Authors: Soebowo Pringgo , Prasetyawati Endang , Isnaeni Moch.
Published: October 2020

The sale and purchase of land-based on customary law in daily practice is still practiced by some people in Indonesia. The sale and purchase of land in customary law adhere to the principle of "tunai and terang" which means that the handover of rights by the seller is carried out simultaneously with payment by the buyer and immediately the rights have transferred. This research discusses the Ratio legis of the use of the principle of "tunai and terang" in the sale and purchase of land in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach as a problem approach method. The results showed that the use of "tunai and terang" in the formation of sale and purchase agreements for land rights in Indonesia is because UUPA accommodates Customary Law as the basis for the National Land Law. The existence of cash and light principles is expected to provide legal protection for sellers and buyers.
The Effective Management of Corruption Treatment in Indonesia
Authors: Maisondra Maisondra
Published: October 2020

The facts show that corruption among Government Officials is considered an acceptable behavior, even though the impact is tremendous. If there are officials who reject or are anti-corruption, they will be removed or will be eliminated by themselves. Meanwhile, internal and external controls are not effective in overcoming it. There must be innovation in efforts to eradicate corruption in Indonesia. The findings of this study indicate that government officials in their work environment will be very effective if involved in efforts to prevent and eradicate acts of corruption. This is manifested in 2 forms of effective management,namely:(1)Apparatus Complaint Management and(2)Suggestion Box Management. Apparatus Complaint Management has the character of conveying corrupt behavior or actions that occur in the apparatus work environment. Suggestion Box Management is an opportunity provided for all officials to convey their ideas and input to prevent and eradicate acts of corruption in the workplace.
The Effect of Diffusion of Fintech Information through Social Media on Changes in Payment Transaction Patterns among Young People in Jakarta
Authors: Tayibnapis Radita Gora
Published: October 2020

The presence of E-Wallet in various industrial sectors, both private and government, is a new breakthrough in fintech (financial technology) innovation that allows people to make transaction in buying and selling goods and services more easily. This new technology provides a more transparent electronic payment system. However, until now there are still so many people who have not adopted and used E-Wallet due to their lack of knowledge of this new financial technology. The approach to diffusion of innovation theory is carried out to see the effect of the use E-Wallet fintech on changes in the sale and purchase transaction patterns. The results show that the diffusion of fintech promotional messages through social media and the adaptation to the use of E-Wallet have an effect on changes in buying and selling transaction patterns among young people in Jakarta.
Evaluation the Implementation of One Village One Product Program as Empowerment Efforts on SME’S to Develop Superior Regional Products
Authors: Indana Zulfa , Sukidjo Sukidjo
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of the OVOP program in Petanahan Village, Kebumen Regency - Central Java in empowering coconut processing SME’s. This research is an evaluative research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The evaluation model used in this research is the CIPP (Context, Inputs, Process, Product) evaluation model. The results of this research show that overall the OVOP based empowerment program has been running well, although it is not optimal because there are still several obstacles, so it takes some efforts to make it happen.
The Impact of Skill and Attitude Performance Students of Electrical Engineering Education on Work Opportunities in Business and Industry
Authors: Manafe Yetursance , Ray Frans F.G. , Tamal Crispinus P.
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the extent of the impact of the skills and attitudes of Electrical Engineering students in relation to job opportunities in the business and industrial world. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method. The subjects in this study were 70 students of Electrical Engineering Education who attended Industrial Practices. The results obtained in this study of 70 students, 64.29% managed to get good acceptance in the business world and industry and got a satisfactory score because they have competency skills which include the ability to work in teams, enthusiasm for following practice and initiative and attitude competence which includes willingness receive input and persistence, while 35.71% do not receive acceptance in the practice place and do not complete the industrial practice in the field is influenced by attitude factors including: 1). low self-discipline (44.00%), 2). low persistence of students (20.00%), 3). The ability to receive input from PKL supervisors for improvement towards a better direction (4.00%) and skill factors include: 1). The enthusiasm possessed in following the PI (12%), 2). The ability to work hard during PI (13.33%), 3). Able to work together in a team during PI (13.33%). From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the determining factor so that students can successfully follow practice and be well accepted in the business world and industry is to increase their enthusiasm for following practice and when doing practice there is a need for teamwork including being willing to accept input from supervisors essential needed in industrial practice.
Crisis Management Patterns in the Lives of Ibna Al-Reza (PBUH); a Case Study of the Economic Crisis
Authors: Mirhoseini Yahya , Mirjalili Ali Mohammad , Mahmoudabadi Mohammad Zarei , Ebrahimi Zahra
Published: October 2020

A crisis is an unexpected and sometimes growing event that imposes problems on society and becomes an acute and unstable situation for individuals or society, the solution of which requires fundamental measures. In the history of Shiite Imamate, the years 203 to 260 AH (819 to 874 B. C.) are dedicated to the leadership and supervision of Ibna Al-Reza (PBUH), those Imamas who were the offsprings of Imam Reza (PBUH). Friendship with Imam Javad, Imam Hadi and Imam Askari (PBUH) was being led to consequences such as confiscation of property, dismissal from work, poverty and destitution. By taking measures and making decisions, Ibna al-Reza (PBUH) were able to improve the unfavorable economic situation of the Shiites. This article, which was organized by descriptive-analytical method, summarizes the actions of the late Shiite Imams in order to prevent and prepare confrontational and deterrent strategies in three stages: "before the crisis", "during the crisis" and "after the crisis". This article has categorized and introduced management principles that can be considered by citizens in the present era.
Investigating the Susceptibility of Seyyed Mostafa Hosseini Tabataba’i from Sunnis
Authors: Fam Hossein Mohammadi , Harikandee Hadi Razaghi
Published: October 2020

Seyyed Mostafa Hosseini Tabataba’i was born in 1935. His website is http://www.mostafatabatabaie.net/ where he publishes his works. He is considered as one of the Shiite Qur’anists (The Qur'anists are those who radically deny the hadith). In addition, he criticizes some Shiite principles which show that he is influenced by Salafism and Wahhabism. He does not consider the resort to the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and pilgrimage of them to be correct. He believes that some Shiite festivals and occasions such as the birth and martyrdom of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) are made by the people. He considers only ‘Eid al-Fiṭr and ‘Eid al-Aḍḥāas ‘Eid al-Islam. He acts upon Sunni jurisprudence. And some of his books have been published in Saudi Arabia, and some websites belonging to Saudi Arabia and Sunnis publish his works electronically. All of the above shows the susceptibility of Mostafa Hosseini Tabataba’i by Salafism and Wahhabism.
Evaluation of Drug Use and Its Effective Factors in Elderly
Authors: Saberi Mohammad , Ashouri Nasibe , Alamdari Maedeh Pourhossein
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The use of medicine as a link in the treatment chain is inevitable, and medical experts believe that proper and regular use of the drug can improve in many cases. One of the population groups that are more likely to take self-medication because of their illnesses is the elderly. Given that older people are at greater risk of misuse and the consequences of drug abuse because of their special status, including loneliness, neglect, and sometimes social isolation, therefore, this study was designed and conducted to evaluate the rate of use and factors affecting drug use in the elderly and to determine its relationship with some variables. This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study that was done on 100 elderly people in Amol city in 2018 selected by multistage sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of three sections: demographic characteristics, medication use, and factors affecting drug use. Descriptive statistics and chi-square and variance analysis were used for data analysis. Of the samples, 65% of the elderly were taking medication for three months prior to self-examination. The most important causes were previous drug use and remission and symptoms similar to 20.1%. Self-medication was significantly associated with marital status (P=0.020), education level (P=0.005) and number of children (P=0.003). The mean drug use was 3.04±0.28 pens per day. 65% of the samples observed more than 4 drugs simultaneously. Around 75% of the elderly had self-medication. Cardiovascular drugs were the most common drug group among the 71.2%. Aspirin, Atenolol and Ranitidine were the most commonly used drugs in the elderly. There was a significant relationship between age and age with arbitrary drug use (P<0.020). The mean age of the subjects was 67 years with a standard deviation of 6.89. 73% of the elderly were male. 72% kept the drug at home, the most important reason being caution and 58% storage. Analgesics were the 15% of most home remedies. This study shows that arbitrary drug use among the elderly is lower than the general population, but it is still high compared to developed countries.
Mathematical Modeling of Ballistic Missile Defense
Authors: Afshari Rad Mariya , Khorshidi Mohammad Salimi
Published: October 2020

Today, many countries are looking for missile strikes to achieve their goals. To optimize ballistic missile defense, missile defense centers identify potential launch points for enemy missiles to anticipate enemy attacks to reduce potential damage. One of these measures is mathematical modeling for the scenario of a possible enemy attack and defensive cover against this attack. In this research, mathematical optimization and mixed integer linear program have been used to reduce the damage against the enemy attack. The purpose of this study is to minimize the maximum damage caused by enemy missile attacks.
The The handwriting of society on the landscape: modeling of the Environmental Changes on the Borders of Protected Areas located in the Espinhaço Mountain Range, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Pimenta Ribeiro Ana , Drummond José Augusto , Magalhães Ribeiro Eduardo
Published: October 2020

Este artigo analisa os contextos da criação de duas áreas protegidas localizadas na Serra do Espinhaço, no estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil): Parque Estadual do Rio Preto e Parque Estadual de Serra Negra. O trabalho compara os contextos sociais e naturais do processo de criação das duas áreas protegidas entre os anos de 1986 e 2009. Para tanto, buscamos entender os padrões de uso dos recursos naturais pelas populações locais, relacionando-os com os resultados da dinâmica do uso da terra ao longo do tempo, identificados através do monitoramento com imagens orbitais e através da modelagem ambiental. Quanto à análise do uso do solo, as mudanças na paisagem ao redor do Parque Estadual do Rio Preto corroboraram os levantamentos de campo, que registraram um aumento na percepção da população local sobre os problemas ambientais e na fiscalização após a criação do parque. Nenhuma relação relevante foi encontrada para o Parque Estadual de Serra Negra. A modelagem ambiental do Parque Estadual do Rio Preto registrou um resultado positivo em termos de proteção ambiental, pois uma tendência de degradação dos recursos naturais foi contida após a criação do parque. Para o Parque Estadual de Serra Negra, embora a proteção da área não tenha influenciado as mudanças na paisagem, a dinâmica de uso dos recursos pela população local não degradou o ambiente natural.
Geotechnologies as an environmental licensing support tool in the state of Piauí, Brazil
Authors: Iwata Bruna de Freitas , Ferreira Danielly dos Santos , Oliveira Adriano D'Carlos Batista
Published: October 2020

As geotecnologias são um conjunto de tecnologias voltadas para coleta, processamento, análise e disponibilização da informação com referência geográfica. Diante disso, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é demonstrar por meio das análises espaciais as características ambientais de um empreendimento localizado no município de Currais – PI, objeto do procedimento de licenciamento ambiental do órgão competente estadual, utilizando as ferramentas das geotecnologias. A metodologia consistiu na utilização do Sistema de Informações Geográficas Quantum GIS (QGIS) para a criação e tratamento do banco de dados geográfico. Por meio da geração de mapas temáticos, foi possível concluir que as utilizações das geotecnologias auxiliam no controle e monitoramento ambiental, no qual facilita a visualização e caracterização de diversas feições ambientais no procedimento de licenciamento ambiental. Também foi possível identificar as áreas que merecem uma maior atenção do órgão ambiental em virtude de algum dano ao meio ambiente, bem como auxilia na fiscalização ambiental e legislação vigente.
Economic impacts of innovations in tourism marketing
Authors: Streimikiene Dalia , Korneeva Elena
Published: October 2020

Our paper tackles the novel issues of the economic impacts and innovations in tourism marketing in the 21st century. The paper examines the economic impact of tourism and its influence on the economy and the tourism industry in general from the angle of innovations in the tourism marketing and the new challenges for the tourism industry brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic that disrupted international tourism and caused major economic losses to the industry. We analyse the changes that the coronavirus pandemic made to the tourism industry and focus on the novel trends in tourism marketing that embeds the new informational technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), online Zoom tours, and other novelties that emerged after the lockdowns and social distancing imposed in the first half of 2020 in order to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infection. Our results show that tourism marketing in the 21st century should be based on sustainable management and provide the right answers to questions about the impacts of tourism on the economy without sacrificing positive economic growth. We also show that information technologies might offer viable alternatives to massive international over-tourism and package tours ensuring both the safety of travel and deeper immersion into the travel experience before, during, and after the trip. Our outcomes might be useful for tourism scholars, policymakers, as well as stakeholders specializing in international tourism marketing.
Evolution of heterodox mesoeconomics
Authors: Kirdina-Chandler Svetlana , Maevsky Vladimir
Published: October 2020

The established «micro-macro» dichotomy in economics can be considered as a methodological trap today. The established «micro-macro» dichotomy in economics can be considered as such a trap today. It does not allow for exploring increasingly complex relationships in the modern economy and new emerging structures. Therefore a new theoretical space – «meso» – was required. This paper shows how, outside the orthodox mainstream, a new area of economic theory – heterodox mesoeconomics – has shaped. Based on more realistic methodological prerequisites, compared with those accepted in mainstream micro- and macroeconomics, it offers new research programmes and explanatory schemes of what is happening in economic life. The unifying principles of heterodox mesoeconomics include several methodological postulates. First, this is a departure from microeconomic foundations and principles of additive aggregation. Mesoeconomics considers the economy as a complex multi-level system in which mesostructures arise as a result of coevolution processes. Second, mesoeconomics focuses not only (and not primarily) on the price coordination mechanism with a predominance of negative feedback, but rather on the effects of positive feedbacks. Therefore, heterodox mesoeconomists investigate more complex spontaneously emerging coordination mechanisms, as well as spatial, functional and temporal mesoeconomic structures. Third, heterodox mesoeconomists focus not only on competition as the basis of economic interactions but also on cooperation, redistribution, joint activities, etc. The paper summarizes experience from the heterodox mesoeconomic research since the 1970s to the present.
Black Death, “Industrial Revolution” and Paper Age collapse
Authors: Taylor John A.
Published: October 2020

This essay discusses first English and then world economic history, starting with the Black Death of 1348–1400AD. When the English population and wealth both increased after 1400, the structure of English development by the year 1700 became a little bit like a spiral, this paper says. The aggregate size of wealth increased, but there was little commensurate change in the distribution of wealth. The eighteenth-century English elite absorbed the elites of Wales and Scotland, and then the Protestant elite of Ireland. Then, on the same model of absorption, an English-speaking elite later came to dominate world wealth. As the world population increased in the early modern period, and as aggregate wealth increased apace, the distribution of world wealth became approximately what the distribution of wealth had been in England in 1700. A tiny group of very wealthy people had controlled the wealth of England in 1700. In the late twentieth century, the English elite absorbed the world elite many of whom adopted the English language and much of English culture. They often sent their children to study in Britain or America. Now this tiny elite group, English in language and usually English in culture, controls much of the wealth of the world while at the same time the ongoing increase in population has produced a huge number of very poor people.
Value of political resource in the Russian economy: Past and present
Authors: Levin Sergey N. , Sablin Kirill S.
Published: October 2020

The study relies on the institutional economic history framework. We focus on the value of exclusive political resource leading to the building of hierarchically organized conglomerate of enclaves of wealth in the Russian economy. Various milestones of Russian history are emphasized. The functioning and evolution of enclaves of wealth are characterized through a complicated interweaving of added value chains and chains of value redistribution. The enclave nature of the Russian economy means that there is sustainable fragmentation of domestic economic markets. Integration of economy and society is ensured by the centralized market of power. Historically caused process of the building and functioning of enclaves of wealth in the modern Russian economy is the subject of special analysis. Their types are highlighted, and their impact on the development of the rest of the economy is characterized. The modern Russian economy is based on the export-resource enclaves of wealth. Industrial enclaves of wealth, which have been built in a number of Russian regions (for instance, Kaluga region), are the «inner maquiladoras» serving high-margin markets in the megalopolises and large cities. Innovation and scientific-educational enclaves of wealth have emerged as the result of projects of innovation development of the Russian economy and the transformation of the scientific-educational sector. These are positioned as the most important directions for building the innovation economy in Russia. However, the authors suggest that they are «pure recipients» receiving economic resources from the rest of the economy.
«Economics and Law of Primitive Society»: An inquiry into the epistolary heritage of Nikolaj Sieber
Authors: Raskov Danila E.
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the epistolary heritage of Nikolaj Ivanovich Sieber (1844–1888), who was a representative of the classical political economy and a follower of Ricardo and Marx. Since Sieberʼs personal archive has not survived, the legacy is presented in twentytwo letters, which he addressed mainly from Europe to Pyotr Lavrov, Rosalia Idelson, Pyotr Kropotkin, Pavel Axelrod, and to his closest friends and colleagues – Alexander Chuprov and Ivan Yanzhul. Collected from the archives of St. Petersburg, Moscow and Amsterdam, Sieberʼs letters shed light on the circle of his correspondents, the nature of relations with publishers and editors, and clarify a number of issues of his theoretical legacy. In the context of the debate about the nature of Sieberʼs Marxism, the letters reinforce the position that he was a consistent theoretical Marxist and adherent of classical political economy. The details connected with the publication of the book «Essays on the Primitive Economic Culture» are extremely important. For researchers, it remained not entirely clear why Sieber never introduces the concept of «economic culture» and practically did not use it in his work. Correspondence with Yanzhul made it clear that the author proposed a different title – «Economics and Law of Primitive Society». This title clearly corresponds to the logic of the book, since it focuses primarily on the comparison of two spheres of the evolution of primitive, pre-state society strictly interconnected: economic institutions and legal relations. In general, the letters of Sieber indirectly confirmed the thesis that he was a consistent Marxist before the appearance of Marxism and an economist-anthropologist before the advent of economic anthropology.