bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of hub genes contributed to the negative correlation between the incidence of Alzheimer's disease and colorectal cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis and machine learning
Authors: Wang Wanchang , Yang Qianqian , Zhang Menglan , Xu Yuxuan , Yang Yanhong , Jiang Siyu , Zhao Lu , Li Bingxin , Gao Zhaoyu , Zhao Na , Zhang Rui , Xu Shunjiang
Published: September 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two kind of age-related diseases with a negative correlation in risk of prevalence. In this study, we aimed to identify the hub genes and immune-associated biomarkers contributing to the inverse relationship between AD and CRC. The gene expression data from public repositories and the bioinformatics techniques, including differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and machine learning algorithms, were integrated to screen the hub genes that are inversely expressed in AD and CRC. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was performed to validate the identified hub genes in the cancer tissues from CRC patients or brain tissues from 5×FAD mice. We have identified 6 hub genes, including EBNA1BP2, PPA1, CCT4, SLC39A10, RAN, and PPA1, which potentially play critical roles in the negative correlation between AD and CRC and might provide valuable insights for the diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of AD or CRC. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the immune system's crucial roles in connecting AD and CRC processes. Moreover, the percent of immune cell infiltration in brain or colorectal tissues were different in patients with AD or CRC, offering insights for targeted immunotherapies. Finally, the expression of EBNA1BP2, PPA1 and SLC39A10 were validated to be downregulated in AD, but upregulated in CRC. In conclusion, these results suggested that some hub genes, such as EBNA1BP2, PPA1 and SLC39A10, might contribute to the inverse relationship between AD and CRC, which lay a foundation for further investigating the underlying mechanism, as well as for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this two diseases.
Establishment of electronic patient-reported-outcome symptom monitoring- alerting-intervening (ePRO-SMAI) pathway with metastatic cancer: a protocol for a mixed-design longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Tang Li , Yu Hongfan , Miao Da , Zhang Jingyu , Lei Cheng , Ma Pan , Li Shizhu , Zhou Wen , Li Na , Zhan Qinbo , Xu Huiliang , Shi Qiuling
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based symptom assessment and evaluation of oncological treatment recovery are becoming increasingly important in clinical practice. Although electronic PRO systems are promising, their proactive integration into clinical practice for symptom management remains challenging. Our research aims to establish and explore an electronic PRO-based Symptom Monitoring-Alert-Intervening (ePRO-SMAI) system by emphasizing the importance of comprehensive symptom monitoring in cancer care.
Methods and analysis:
This mixed-method study integrates qualitative patient input with quantitative data to enhance the ePRO-SMAI pathway for symptom management in patients with metastatic cancer. The study follows a 3-step process: Phase 1 involves a bidirectional cohort study to describe symptom management and assess current models using patient input and expert panels from a hospital in China. This cohort study will enroll 168 patients with pathologically or clinically confirmed advanced malignant tumors. The primary outcome is the symptom burden using PROs and pre-designed at baseline (before treatment of the screen period), then once a week during the first month (weeks 1–4), and once semimonthly after 1 month until admission to the hospital for the next cycle of treatment. Phase 2 focuses on designing, developing, and optimizing a tailored ePRO platform for symptom management. Phase 3 explores the clinical pathways of the ePRO-SMAI system to improve patient care outcomes.
Ethics and dissemination:
The Ethics Committee of Shaoxing Second Hospital approved this study on August 28, 2023 (No. Shao Er Yi Lun Shen 2023 Yan Di 038), and all methods will carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The manuscript is based on the latest protocol, version 3.0, published on August 15, 2023. Any modification to the protocol will be submitted for subsequent review and approval.
Trial registration number
ChiCTR2300075430
Trial registration
The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (trial number ChiCTR2300075430) was registered on September 05, 2023 (https//www.chictr.org.cn/).
First case of Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay in the Middle east
Authors: Safan Abeer Sabry , Zammar Khalid , Atta Mohamed A. , Obaid Koutaibah , Deleu Dirk
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay (ARSACS) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder of distinctive triad of ataxia, spasticity and axonal-demyelinating sensorimotor neuropathy. Owing to its eponymous name, ARSACS was first reported in the Charlevoix–Saguenay region of Quebec, but epidemiologically speaking it is far more common globally. It is the genetic implication of biallelic mutations in the Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (SACS) gene that usually manifests from childhood.
Clinical presentation:
We report a 20-year-old Omani male of consanguineous parents, with progressive frequent falls and ataxia with delayed motor milestones, found to have homozygous variant mutation of SACS 13q12.12, suggestive of autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix–Saguenay (ARSACS). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head and cervical spine showed bilateral hypointense stripes in pons (tigroid appearance), atrophy of the superior cerebellar vermis, and midbody atrophy of corpus callosum and hyperintense thalamic rim signs. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) show sensory-motor polyneuropathy. Blood workups for vitamin B12, tocopherols (vitamin E), and peripheral smear were unremarkable. Management encompassed a multidisciplinary approach with tizanidine, Botulinum toxin B injection, and extensive physical and balance rehabilitation.
Conclusions:
ARSACS is reported across the globe representing the second comments form of hereditary ataxia. As per the literature, there have been no reported cases in the Middle East, making this the first reported case of Omani origin in the Middle East.
Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of full-thickness macular hole secondary to retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Wu Xijin , Yang Xiaohan , Qi Biying , Yu Yanping , Wang Xinbo , Jia Qinlang , Feng Xiao , Liu Wu
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics and visual and anatomical surgical prognosis for full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
Method: This retrospective study reviewed 13 eyes from 13 consecutive patients with FTMH after RVO who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or ILM flap insertion. Clinical demographics and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features were evaluated. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the associated factors for the final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).
Results: Of the 13 eyes, 11 had a previous branch RVO (BRVO) and 2 had a central RVO (CRVO). The mean minimum linear diameter (MLD) of these secondary macular holes was 469.31±197.96μm. Eight subjects (61.5%) showed a FTMH secondary to a long-standing RVO (RVO episode longer than 6 months), and the rest 5 subjects (38.5%) developed a FTMH after a recent onset RVO within 6 months. The two groups shared similar baseline BCVA (P=0.414), MLD (P=0.218) and BD (P=0.453). The mean follow-up period was 10.0 months. All cases showed anatomical closure at the last follow-up, with BCVA significantly improved from 0.90±0.28 logMAR at baseline to 0.45±0.34 logMAR after surgery (P＜0.001). The final BCVA of the eyes after recent onset RVO was better than the ones after long-standing RVO (P=0.012). Regression analysis showed that the final BCVA was significantly associated with the baseline BCVA, RVO duration, and the ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity (P＜0.001).
Conclusion: FTMH secondary to RVO could achieved favorable anatomical and functional success with PPV. The cases secondary to a recent RVO might have better visual prognosis. The initial BCVA and postoperative EZ recovery were associated with the final BCVA.
Radiotherapy Dosing in Intracranial Ependymoma Using the National Cancer Database
Authors: Rose Melanie , Moen Erika , Ager Bryan , Bajaj Benjamin , Poppe Matthew , Russo Gregory , Yock Torunn
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To determine the dose-dependent effect of adjuvant radiotherapy on survival for pediatric intracranial ependymomas and explore patient and disease characteristics that experience survival benefit from higher doses.
Methods
Data was accessed from the National Cancer Database. Inclusion criteria was comprised of a diagnosis of non-metastatic intracranial ependymoma, World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 or 3, surgical resection, adjuvant radiotherapy between 4500–6300 cGy, and non-missing survivorship data. Crude and adjusted Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to estimate the associations of patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics with overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimations were used to visualize survival curves for dosing for the general cohort and by subgroups (age, resection extent, and grade).
Results
Of the 1154 patients who met inclusion criteria, 405 received ≤ 5400 cGy and 749 received > 5400 cGy. We found no difference in OS crude (0.95, 95% CI 0.72–1.06) or adjusted (0.88, 95% CI 0.46–1.69) HR for those receiving ≤ 5400 cGy. KM curves showed no difference in OS for dosing for the general cohort based on age, surgical extent, and grade. However, there was better OS in those with WHO grade 2 tumors compared to grade 3 regardless of dose received.
Conclusions
There was no difference in OS between patients who received ≤ 5400 cGy compared to > 5400 cGy. We found improved OS in those with grade 2 tumors compared to grade 3, however there was no difference in OS based on dose received by tumor grade, age, or resection extent. Limitations in data available prevent exploring other outcomes or toxicity.
Healthcare workers’ perspective about barriers and facilitators to pediatric HIV status disclosure in eastern Uganda using Capability Opportunity and Motivation of Behavior change model
Authors: Kirabira Joseph , Rukundo Godfrey Zari , Zanoni Brian C. , Obua Celestino , Wakida Edith , Atala Christine Etoko , Akello Naume Etoko , Huang Keng-Yen , Ashaba Scholastic
Published: September 2024

Background HIV status disclosure by caregivers to children and adolescents living with HIV (CALH) remains a public health concern in countries with a high burden of HIV despite guidelines for healthcare workers to facilitate the process. Objective This study aimed at exploring barriers and facilitators to HIV status disclosure experienced by healthcare workers (HCWs) at two large regional referral hospitals in eastern Uganda with special focus on utilization of guidelines by World Health Organization and Uganda Ministry of Health. Methods Qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted among all healthcare workers involved in management of CALH at three hospital-based pediatric HIV clinics. Trained research assistants collected data using a pilot tested semi-structured interview guide designed basing on the capability, opportunity and motivation of behavior change model. The audio recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically based on the social ecological model using inductive content approach with Atlas ti software. Results A total of 16 in-depth interviews were conducted among healthcare workers including both male and female in equal numbers. The barriers to disclosure were categorized into five levels; 1) individual level: internalized/anticipated stigma of HIV, 2) interpersonal level: anticipated stigma of HIV among caregivers, 3) institutional level: lack of preparatory procedures and training for HIV status disclosure, 4) community level: enacted HIV stigma and unstable home environment for CALH and 5) policy level: limited health funding and access to disclosure guidelines by HCWs. On the other hand, facilitators were mainly at three level; 1) individual level: orphanhood status of the child, emotional reward to HCWs, and HCWs’ awareness of responsibilities, 2) interpersonal level: peer support for CALH, their caregivers and HCWs and teamwork among HCWs and 3) institutional level: disclosure related checklist, monitoring and supervision of HCWs. Conclusion The findings highlighted several potentially modifiable factors which when addressed, or reinforced HIV status disclosure among CALH and utilization of existing guidelines can be improved. There is need to conduct more research regarding the implementation of the existing pediatric HIV status disclosure guidelines in Uganda.
Prevalence and associated factors of epiretinal membrane using spectralis OCT in a Chinese population: The Fujian Eye Study
Authors: Li Yang , Li Xiaoxin , Hu Yonghua , Wang Bin , Hu Qinrui
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of epiretinal membrane in a population-based study of residents aged 50 years and older in Fujian Province, Southeast China.
Methods:
The Fujian Eye Study is a population-based cross-sectional eye study in Fujian province, Southeast China. Residents aged 50 years and older were enrolled and did the questionnaire (educational background, income, blood type, disease history, medication history, smoking, drinking and tea consumption, et al), physical and ophthalmological examinations with height, weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), slit lamp, nonmydriatic fundus photograph and spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. Nonmydriatic fundus photograph and Spectralis OCT were used to assess ERM according to a standardised protocol.
Results:
A total of 8173 residents were included in this study. Among them, 8.42% (95%CI: 0.0782 to 0.0902) had ERM in at least one eye. Multiple logistic regression showed the presence of ERM was only associated with urbanization and geographic location, but not with age, sex, refractive error, IOP, SBP, DBP, HR, BMI, hypertension, diabetic mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, education, income, smoking, alcohol and tea consumption.
Conclusions:
ERM is common among Chinese with 8.42% in at least one eye. Urbanization and geographic location are the only associated factors for ERM in Fujian Eye Study.
Prevalence and correlates of severe anxiety among front-line nurses during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: A large-scale multi-center study
Authors: Yang Yuan , Yang Shutong , Sun Hongyu , Hao Qingling , Liu Jiao , Li Cui , Fu Yunsheng , Yao Cong , Luo Guoshuai
Published: September 2024

Background
Nurses have been at the forefront of the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic, facing extended work hours and heightened stress, predisposing them to psychological distress. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and correlates of severe anxiety among frontline nurses in China during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A large-scale multi-center survey was conducted from November to December 2022 and from April to July 2023. Data were collected using online surveys, covering demographic characteristics, job-related factors, anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests, t-tests, and logistic regression, were performed to assess the incidence and factors influencing severe anxiety.
Results
The study included 816 nurses during the pandemic and 763 nurses after the pandemic. The prevalence of severe anxiety during the pandemic (52.3%) was significantly higher than after the pandemic (8.0%). Factors such as nursing title, night shift frequency, educational level, exercise frequency, COVID-19 infection status, economic pressure, and work pressure showed significant differences between the two periods. Binary logistic regression revealed associations between severe anxiety and factors such as night shift frequency, COVID-19 infection status, nursing title, depression, and sleep disorders. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis demonstrated good predictive value for severe anxiety.
Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of understanding and addressing severe anxiety among frontline nurses during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Future research should delve into long-term psychological effects and implement effective intervention measures to support nurses' mental health.
AFC and AMH demonstrate significant predictive value for pregnancy outcomes in patients at risk of high ovarian reserve undergoing GnRH-antagonist protocols
Authors: Lan Yunzhu , Liu Shuang , zhang Jun , Wang Fang , Chen Shaowei , Xu Jian
Published: September 2024

Objective GnRH-antagonist protocols have garnered significant attention due to their potential to yield more favorable pregnancy outcomes. The association between clinical parameters of GnRH-antagonist protocols and pregnancy outcomes in fresh embryo transfer cycles is a major area of concern. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the relationship between clinical parameters and pregnancy outcomes in GnRH-antagonist protocols. Methods Out of 2800 couples, we conducted a retrospective evaluation of 442 women, aged 22–40 years, who underwent embryo transfer in-vitro fertilization (IVF) with GnRH-antagonist protocols. Our focus was on the pregnancy outcomes in the fresh embryo transfer cycle of cleavage-stage. The participants were divided into pregnancy (n = 161) and non-pregnancy groups (n = 281), and their clinical parameters were compared to investigate which factors had an effect on pregnancy outcome using a binary logistic regression model. Results Using the Mann-Whitney test, it was determined that several factors were significantly different between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups. Specifically, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) (p = 0.031 < 0.05), antral follicle count (AFC) (p = 0.000 < 0.05), number of oocytes retrieved (p = 0.002 < 0.05), Metaphase II (MIl) (p = 0.011 < 0.05), Two pronuclear (2PN) (p = 0.014 < 0.05), and endometrial thickness at transplantation (p = 0.045 < 0.05 ) were all found to be significantly greater in the pregnant group compared to the non-pregnant group. Furthermore, AFC (OR = 1.046, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.019–1.073, p = 0.000 < 0.05) and AMH (OR = 1.078 ,95% CI:1.013–1.013, p = 0.031 < 0.05 ) were positively associated with pregnancy outcome. It was also observed that AFC (AUC = 0.600, 95%CI:0.545–0.656,p = 0.002 < 0.05) and AMH (AUC = 0.562, 95%CI:0.507–0.616,p = 0.002 < 0.05) had weak predictive power for pregnancy outcome in GnRH-antagonist protocols, however, their predictive power was stronger when AFC was greater than 15 (AUC = 0.753, 95%C1:0.587–0.799,p = 0.002 < 0.05) and AMH levels were greater than 4.0 ng/mL in the group (AUC = 0.602, 95%C1:0.502–0.702, p = 0.033 < 0.05). Additionally, AFC was found to be more relevant and predictive of pregnancy outcome than AMH in GnRH-antagonist protocols. Conclusions: AFC and AMH levels have limited predictive value in predicting pregnancy outcomes with GnRH-antagonist protocols, but they demonstrate significant clinical utility when AFC exceeds 15 and AMH is above 4.0 ng/mL. This discovery holds significant predictive value for clinicians utilizing AFC and AMH to assess pregnancy outcomes in patients with high ovarian reserve undergoing GnRH-antagonistic cycles.
Clinical features, plasma neurotransmitter levels and plasma neurohormone levels in sleep disorders among patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ma Cui-Hong , Ren Ning , Xu Jing , Chen Lei
Published: September 2024

Background: Sleep disorders occur frequently in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Neurotransmitters and neurosteroids are known to be involved in various neurophysiological processes, including sleep development.
Objective:We aimed to assess the association between peripheral neurotransmitter and neurosteroid levels and various sleep disorders in early-stage PD.
Methods: 59 patients with early-stage PD and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected and sleep conditions were comprehensively assessed with clinical questionnaires and polysomnography. Blood samples were obtained at 1:00 AM and 9:00 AM in all participants. The concentrations of plasma neurotransmitters and neurohormones were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: Sleep disorders were common non-motor symptoms (81.4%) and coexisted in approximately half of the patients. Dysautonomia was significantly associated with the presence of multiple sleep disorders. RBD was associated with dysautonomia and was negatively correlated with plasma melatonin concentration at 1:00 AM (r = −0.40, p = 0.002) in early-stage PD patients. The RLS group had higher PSQI score, and RLS was negatively associated with the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (r = −0.40, p = 0.002) at 1:00 AM and glutamine (r = −0.39, p = 0.002) at 9:00 AM. SDB was associated with cognitive impairment, higher body mass index, and lower plasma acetylcholine concentrations at 1:00 AM.
Conclusion: Combined sleep disturbances were frequent in early-stage PD. Dysautonomia was closely related to various sleep disorders, including RBD, EDS, and insomnia. Changes in peripheral neurotransmitter and neurohormone levels may be involved in the development of sleep disorders.
Response of nutrient content, photosynthetic characteristics, and root characteristics of Solanum betaceum seedlings to different shading conditions
Authors: Zheng Shaojie , Guo Huanxian , Dong Qiong , Cha Xiaofei , Sun Lijuan
Published: September 2024

Light is the main source of energy for plants, and Solanum betaceum is a typical economic crop that can grow and develop without too much light intensity. To investigate the growth status of Solanum betaceum seedlings under low light conditions and provide a theoretical basis for cultivating efficient Solanum betaceum seedlings. This study used Solanum betaceum seedlings as materials and set up four shading levels: full light (0% shading), mild shading (25% shading), moderate shading (50% shading), and severe shading (75% shading). We measured the contents of carbon(C), nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), soluble sugars, starch, and Non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) in plants, as well as the photosynthetic physiological characteristics (fluorescence parameters, photosynthesis parameters, and photosynthetic pigment content) and root characteristics (root length, root surface area, root volume, and average root diameter). Our research results indicate that with the increase of shading intensity, the C, N, P content, and NSC content in various organs of Solanum betaceum seedlings show a significant change pattern of first increasing and then decreasing (P < 0.05). The C, N, and P content of plants is highest under 25% shading, while the NSC content of roots, stems, and leaves are highest under 50% shading treatment. Photosynthetic pigment content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) all reached their maximum under 50% shading treatment; whereas root morphology is best under 25% shading treatment. In summary, under 25%~50% shading treatment, the photosynthetic system structure of Solanum betaceum seedlings is more complete, energy metabolism is faster, light energy conversion efficiency is higher, light energy absorption and utilization are better, nutrient synthesis is more suitable for the growth and development of Solanum betaceum seedlings, while excessive shading inhibits seedling growth and development.
Promoting transgender healthcare competency: Simulation scenario for medical students.
Authors: Sobral Letícia Nacle Estefan , Lima João Pedro Venancio , Silva Amanda Madureira , Monteiro Liandra Fernandes , Britto Débora Fernandes , Peixoto Raquel Autran Coelho
Published: September 2024

Background: Medical professionals seem unprepared to provide care and understand the health needs of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the medical students' attitudes and performance on a transgender healthcare simulation scenario.
Methods: We designed and evaluated a simulation scenario to train Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) clerkship students in caring for TGD patients. The simulation and cross-sectional data collection took place in a university hospital located in the northeast of Brazil. From January to June 2023, the OB/GYN clerkship medical students were invited to run a simulated scenario. The undergraduates answered a simplified "Scale of Satisfaction with Simulated Clinical Experiences". This research was approved by the institution's Research Ethics Committee and received funding from the Brazilian Association of Medical Education.
Results: Almost a third of the students reported that they had not the opportunity to differentiate between gender identity and biological sex during their undergraduate program. 74% believe that an individual's sexual orientation has an influence on the care they receive. The scenario simulated a consultation for a trans man with secondary amenorrhea. Two self-declared trans men took part as standard patients. Of the 25 undergraduate students taking part, 92% managed to avoid behavior that reflected value judgements. However, 44% found it difficult to use their social name and the corresponding pronouns. 60% of the participants found it difficult to provide counselling on health promotion and prevention. In the debriefing, the students found it challenging to address sexual practices and reported a lack of knowledge about the referral process to TGD care services. Undergraduates were receptive when exposed to the scenario developed.
Conclusions: Realistic simulation can be useful for exposing students to scenarios that are little explored during their graduation and foster the development of cultural competences in caring for TGD individuals.
MiR-27a-5p inhibits malignant progression of differentiated thyroid cancer through SREBP1 and is associated with thyrotropin suppressive therapy
Authors: Xie Zilan , Liu Jianqiu , Zhou Jiating , Zhang Xuan , Li Zhi
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To detect the expression of miR-27a-5p in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and to explore its correlation with SREBP1 expression, DTC malignant progression, and TSH suppression therapy.
Methods
The expression levels of SREBP1 and miR-27a-5p in DTC tissues (n = 75) were detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of miR-27a-5p and SREBP1 was statistically analyzed for correlation with patients' postoperative TSH inhibition therapy. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to verify the target-regulatory relationship between miR-27a-5p and SREBP1. qRT-PCR and Western blots were performed to detect the effect of miR-27a-5p on the expression level of SREBP1. mts, plate clone formation assay was performed to detect the effect of miR-27a-5p on the proliferative capacity of cells. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the effect of miR-27a-5p on cell cycle and apoptosis. Scratch assay and Transwell assay to detect the effect of miR-27a-5p on cell migration invasion ability.
Results
MiR-27a-5p expression was significantly downregulated in DTC cancer tissues and significantly negatively correlated with SREBP1 expression. It correlated with the outcome of postoperative TSH suppression therapy in DTC patients. The results of dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that the 3'-UTR region of SREBP1 mRNA was the target site of action of miR-27a-5p. Overexpression of miR-27a-5p was associated with a significant reduction in cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, increased apoptosis, and diminished cell invasive migration.
Conclusion
The miR-27a-5p expression level was negatively correlated with the progression of DTC, which may be inhibited by targeting SREBP1 and correlated with the outcome of TSH inhibitory therapy.
Intelligent inspection system of iron front belt based on machine vision
Authors: Liu Dingding , Huang Runyue
Published: September 2024

In the iron front system, a large number of belts are used for rapid material transportation. The belts operate in the harsh environment of high load for a long time, and often cause belt surface defects due to large foreign body stuck, wear and other reasons; or the materials transported are at high temperature, which will also cause belt surface cracking and other damages. These minor damages are not noticeable and not easy to be found, but after the defects are expanded, the belt is prone to tear accidents, which will cause long-term unplanned shutdown and major economic losses. Because some belts are located at a higher position or are difficult to reach, especially the high-altitude conveyor belt, the personnel can not completely cover the spot inspection at ordinary times, and can not grasp the defects of the belt in real time; once the unplanned shutdown is produced, the shutdown and losses caused are often difficult to evaluate and make up for. In order to effectively avoid this situation, we began to focus on the avoidance of belt defects and the research and development of intelligent testing. According to machine vision, when there are small damages and cracks on the belt surface, the corresponding alarm information will be given, and the location of belt damage will be accurately reported, so that the relevant maintenance personnel can do their work in advance, reduce the shutdown and loss caused by unplanned maintenance, which is a good solution for belt system management. While the site for a long time purely rely on manual inspection of the belt to find the surface defects of the belt, there are often many dead corners, and can not be real-time defects of the belt to the maintenance personnel feedback, so that both increased labor costs and reduced the efficiency of the enterprise.
Differences in the Impact of Intensive Rehabilitation on Hereditary Ataxias and the Cerebellar Subtype of Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Bando Kyota , Kondo Yuki , Miyazaki Yuta , Hara Takatoshi , Takahashi Yuji
Published: September 2024

Background
Multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C) exhibits faster disease progression than hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration (hSCD). This study aimed to investigate the differences in the treatment effects and sustainability of intensive rehabilitation between patients with hSCD and those with MSA-C.
Methods
Forty-nine patients (hSCD = 30, MSA-C = 19) underwent a 2- or 4-week intensive rehabilitation program. Balance function was assessed using the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) and the balance evaluation systems test (BESTest) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-ups.
Results
Both groups showed improvements in SARA and BESTest scores after the intervention. In the hSCD group, the SARA scores remained similar to baseline at follow-up, indicating sustained benefits. The MSA-C group showed some deterioration in SARA scores compared with baseline but maintained improvements on the BESTest, demonstrating partial sustainability. Differences, mainly in sustainability, were observed between the hSCD and MSA-C groups. This may be due to varying rates of symptom progression.
Conclusions
The findings of this study are significant when considering the frequency of follow-ups based on disease type.
Childhood predictors of balance in life: A cross-national analysis of the Global Flourishing Study
Authors: Lomas Tim , Padgett R. Noah , Ritchie-Dunham James L. , Pawelski James O. , Shiba Koichiro , Johnson Byron R. , VanderWeele Tyler J.
Published: September 2024

Psychology and related fields have historically been Western-centric, influenced especially by the ideas and values of the United States. Consequently, aspects of life that have been relatively neglected in Western cultures have been similarly overlooked in the literature. This includes balance in life (notwithstanding select instances of interest, like work-life balance). However, amidst a broader movement to redress the Western-centricity of academia is an emergent scholarship on this topic. This paper contributes to this by presenting the most ambitious longitudinal study to date of balance, namely as an item – “In general, how often are the various aspects of your life in balance?” – in the Global Flourishing Study, a five-year (minimum) study investigating the predictors of human flourishing involving (in this first year) 202,898 participants from 22 countries. Specifically, this paper looks at the childhood predictors of balance, using random effects meta-analysis to aggregate all findings in the main text, focusing on three research questions. First, how do different aspects of a child's upbringing predict balance in adulthood, for which the most impactful factor was “Feeling like an outsider growing up” (RR = 0.90; 95% CI [0.87,0.92]), and the least was immigration status (RR = 0.98; 95% CI [0.97, 1.00]). Second, do these associations vary by country, with the effect of being an outsider, for example, being strongest in Australia, and weakest (not different than zero) in Türkiye, South Africa, Nigeria, Poland, Egypt, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Third, are the observed relationships robust to potential unmeasured confounding, as assessed by E-values, which on the whole was the case. These results shed new light on the cross-cultural and causal dynamics of this overlooked topic, and provide the foundation for further enquiry.
Two-Dimensional Experiment of Particle Cluster Flow Passing Through the Contraction Based on Suffusion Mechanisms
Authors: Tangjarusritaratorn Tanawat , chaimasereekul Charintorn , Duangsree Panusit
Published: September 2024

Particle flow occurs in systems where solid particles move relative to a surrounding gas or liquid phase, impacting various applications such as blood circulation and sand flow through porous media. In gap-graded soil, the suffusion mechanism involves fine particles moving due to fluid advection, affecting soil strength and stability. Factors like particle concentration, shape, grain size distribution, and confining pressure influence suffusion, primarily studied macroscopically. Most research focuses on macroscopic scales, where particle flow clusters and clogging are significant. This study employs a two-dimensional experiment to investigate microscopic particle concentration effects, aiming for a comprehensive understanding of suffusion. By examining particle clusters flowing through gaps in soil skeletons and using image processing and particle tracking techniques, the study measures individual particle flow velocity, travel time, and velocity distribution. Results indicate that particle cluster inclination affects total travel time, suggesting higher particle concentration may alter erosion rates.
Anomaly Detection in Urban Lighting Systems Using Autoencoder and Transformer Algorithms
Authors: Śmiałkowski Tomasz , Czyżewski Andrzej
Published: September 2024

The study aims to present the effectiveness of anomaly detection algorithms in lighting systems based on analyzing records from electricity meters. The road lighting management system operates continuously and in real time, requiring online anomaly detection algorithms. The paper examines two machine learning-based algorithms: Autoencoder with LSTM-type recurrent neural network and Transformer. The results obtained for these algorithms are compared with a simple mechanism for comparing energy consumption in consecutive periods. Classification metrics such as error matrix, sensitivity, precision, and F1-score were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms. The analysis showed that the Autoencoder algorithm achieves better accuracy (F1-score = 0.9565) and requires significantly fewer computing resources than the Transformer algorithm. Although less efficient (F1-score = 0.8125), the Transformer algorithm also demonstrates the ability to detect anomalies in the road lighting system effectively. Implementing the Autoencoder algorithm on an actual ILED platform allows anomaly detection with a delay of 15 minutes, which is sufficient to take corrective action. The conclusions of this study indicate the significant advantage of machine learning-based algorithms in anomaly detection in lighting systems, which can significantly improve the reliability and efficiency of urban lighting management.
Development of Rwanda country-specific greenhouse gas emission factors for livestock
Authors: Gaidashova Svetlana , Mutimura Mupenzi , German Richard , Claxton Richard , Nkusi Pearl
Published: September 2024

National greenhouse gas emission inventories have consistently highlighted the significant contribution of livestock to national emissions. To date, most noannex 1 countries in Africa, including Rwanda, have relied on default Tier 1 emission factors for livestock because of the absence of country-specific data. However, the present study has taken a step toward rectifying this gap by identifying country-specific emission factors for livestock in Rwanda via the Tier 2 approach outlined in the IPCC 2006 guidelines. The study involved the creation and review of crucial activity data required for Tier 2 calculations. These included data related to the structure of the livestock population; regional distribution by species; various production system types and their respective proportions; daily feed intake; volatile solids; nitrogen excretion; and the types and proportions of manure management systems for cattle, goats, sheep, swine, rabbits and poultry. The population-weighted methane emission factors for enteric fermentation were 62.5 kg/animal per year for cattle and 8.6 kg/animal per year for sheep. These values were higher than the default values stipulated in the Tier 1 IPCC guidelines but fell below the values previously utilized in the Rwanda Biennial Update Report (BUR 1) on greenhouse gas emissions to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change Convention. The data collected did not allow full Tier-2 emission factor calculations for goats, swine, poultry and rabbits. With respect to manure management systems, the reported emission factors for methane and nitrous oxide were notably greater, ranging from 3–26 times greater than the default values set forth in the IPCC 2006 guidelines for Africa. This disparity may be attributed to Rwanda’s zero-grazing policy and predominantly inadequate manure management facilities, with 46% of these facilities being open pits.
Relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number and Lung cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qi Yangyang , Liu Liqiang , Wang Tao , Xu Zhuo , Tang Shihao , Qi Weining , Jiang Tao
Published: September 2024

Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) play a pivotal role in Lung cancer (LC). However, it is not clear that the relationship between exposure and outcome. Therefore, our database were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. By the univariate and multivariate bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR), the results indicate that forward MR analysis showing that mtDNA-CN increased the risk of LC (IVW OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.08–1.61, P = 0.006; BW OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12–1.68, P = 0.002). The results are consistent with subgroup. However, there was no statistical significance in reverse MR analysis. The mtDNA-CN was still at risk for LC after multivariate MR adjustment for confounders (IVW OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.13–1.75, P = 0.003; FDR adjust p = 0.005). Subgroup analysis suggest the same conclusion in multivariate MR Analysis. Sensitivity analyses found no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. In this study, it was found that mtDNA-CN can predict the risk of LC, especially in smokers. However, we did not find a reverse causal relationship. This imply that mtDNA-CN can be used as a biomarker in the clinical practice of LC.
The e-Health literacy among young and middle-aged hypertensive patients still needs improvement : a qualitative study
Authors: Mi Ziyi , Zhang Bingxue , Liu Haidi , Hu Hongjuan , Huang Yanjin
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Although there is a marked trend of hypertension becoming increasingly prevalent among younger age groups, young and middle-aged individuals are the primary users of mainstream media and information technology. However, their level of e-health literacy still requires significant improvement. Therefore, this study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of using e-health information and services among young and middle-aged hypertensive patients, providing more tailored e-health guidance for this patient population.
Objective: This study aims to explore how young and middle-aged hypertensive patients acquire, understand, evaluate, discriminate, share, and utilize e-health information and online health services. It also highlights the importance for healthcare professionals to focus on digital health, thereby providing better e-health management for this demographic.
Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 14 young and middle-aged hypertensive patients. Data collection took place during December 2023 to January 2024 via one-on-one interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and interview data were analyzed using the colaizzi seven-step analysis method.
Results: We found that the e-health literacy among participants still needed improvement. However, a few young and middle-aged hypertensive patients showed significant interest in electronic health and believed that they could benefit from it. Data were grouped into four themes: (1)e-health literacy still needs improvement; (2)online medical services operation skills need further promotion; (3)the influence of the e-health information or online medical services; and (4)the expectations for electronic health information or online medical services. Participants expressed a desire for more professional and technical support to learn authoritative medical knowledge and fully utilize e-health services for daily self-management.
Conclusions: Patients have access to a wide range of sources for electronic health information and online medical services, but they often lack the scientific standards to accurately assess this information. Therefore, healthcare professionals should educate patients on how to discriminate the authenticity of electronic health information. Additionally, they need to inform patients about current authoritative and reliable information sources, and teach them how to use reputable health websites, health-oriented social media, and health management applications.
Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Pregnant Women in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt.
Authors: Salah Hisham , kaiaty Shaimaa , Mobark Ali , Elmorsy Elmorsy A. , Ahmed Gehad S. , Khalil Eman M.
Published: September 2024

Background
Depression and anxiety during pregnancy are documented significant public health issues. Therefore, the aim of the study is to detect the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy in Beni-Suef Governorate and to determine the risk factors associated with them. A ten-month analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 434 pregnant women who regularly attended the antenatal care clinic at the Beni-Suef University Hospital and six others randomly chosen health care facilities in the governorate of Beni-Suef. The Arabic versions of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), as well as a structured questionnaire, were employed.
Results
Prevalence of prenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms was found to be respectively 73.5% and 33.9%, and their occurrence was related to the pregnant woman's place of residence, educational level, and husband's educational level as well as the fetus' gender, history of complications in the current pregnancy, and psychiatric symptoms in the current pregnancy.
Conclusion
Preventive healthcare initiatives are required to enhance pregnant women's mental health.
E-Dengue System Insights: Exploring The Factors Influencing Dengue-Related Deaths in Urbanized State in Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC)
Authors: Khalida Farah , Puteh Sharifa Ezat Wan , Zainuddin Mohamad Azfar
Published: September 2024

Background
Dengue has emerged as a rapidly escalating health issue in low- and middle-income countries, with its burden and geographic spread increasing over the years. Malaysia, in particular, has witnessed a significant rise in dengue cases, accompanied by a spike in mortality rates. Several studies have identified various factors, primarily focusing on the clinical aspects of severe dengue infection and the development of dengue-related fatalities. This research aims to go beyond clinical factors and explore different perspectives, including individual, healthcare and environmental factors related to dengue mortality, to enhance service quality and improve public health interventions and prevention strategies.
Methods
This is a 1:2 case-control study utilizing the E-dengue system database from 2015 to 2022. A total of 219 registered dengue cases were included, with 73 cases in the case group (all dengue fatalities) and 146 cases in the control group (randomly selected survivors). Multivariate regression models were conducted to identify predictors of dengue mortality.
Results
Multivariate analysis revealed several significant predictors of death: a platelet level less than 50,000/µL (OR 15.7; 95% CI: 5.65–43.53), having one comorbid condition (OR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.2-8.0), having more than two comorbid conditions (OR 11; 95% CI: 33), bronchial asthma (OR 12; 95% CI: 1.08-132.13), and outbreak locality status (OR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.11–4.79).
Conclusion
In conclusion, this prediction model can be used to identify, prioritize and improve clinical care of individuals at higher risk of death during dengue episodes as well as to implement particular surveillance and preventive measures. Beyond clinical factors, a new finding in this study is the significance of outbreak locality as a critical predictor of dengue mortality. Therefore, in addition to health screening and public awareness and medical preparedness, it is essential to implement targeted and enhanced monitoring and preventive measures in areas with frequent dengue outbreaks.