bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LSB STEGANO PADA KOMBINASI KRITPOGRAFI SIMETRIS CAESAR-VIGENERE
Authors: Mulyono Ibnu Utomo Wahyu , Susanto Ajib , Kusumawati Yupie
Published: September 2020

Dalam perkembangan teknologi komunikasi data, dan banyaknya problem mengenai manipulasi data maka perlu tindak lanjut mengenai teknik untuk mengamankan data. Steganografi adalah sebuah teknik untuk menyembunyikan pesan dengan menggunakan sebuah media atau juga disebut cover. Sedangkan LSB (Least Significant Bit) adalah sebagai algoritma atau metode menyembunyikan pesan yang akan disisipkan. Seperti pada perangkat keamanan lainnya, steganografi dapat digunakan pengamanan seperti citra dengan watermarking dengan alasan untuk perlindungan copyright. Metode LSB yang digunakan pada teknik steganography tergolong mudah pada penerapannya. Dasar dari metode ini adalah bilangan berbasis biner atau dengan kata lain angka 1 dan angka 0. Metode LSB berhubungan dengan ukuran 1 bit dan ukuran 1 byte. 1 byte yang terdiri dari 8 bit data. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggabungkan metode LSB dengan Teknik Super Enkripsi kriptografi metode Caesar Cipher dan Vigenere Cipher. Kontribusi yang diberikan pada peneliitan ini adalah mnelakukan proses LSB pada bit ke 7 dan ke 8 sehingga impercepibility meningkat. Dari hasil penggabungan metode antara LSB dan kriptografi akan sulit dipecahkan, karena memiliki dua tingkat keamanan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa sistem pengamanan pesan menggunakan kriptografi dan steganografi terbagi menjadi empat, yaitu Encode, Decode, Enkripsi dan Dekripsi. Tujuan utama untuk mengamankan subtansi data rahasia dengan cara menyamarkan dengan sebuah media agar sulit untuk teridentifikasi.
Analisis Zona Resapan dan Keluaran Air Tanah di Desa Kutayu, Kabupaten Brebes
Authors: Laksono FX Anjar Tri , Ramadhan Gumilar , Nurmajid Rahman Wahyu , Paramita Luh Ayu Gita , Tsai Louis Loung-Yie
Published: September 2020

Ketersediaan air di Desa Kutayu, Kabupaten Brebes saat musim kemarau sangat terbatas. Bahkan, setiap musim kemarau Pemerintah Kabupaten Brebes memberikan bantuan air bersih melalui Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM). Belum adanya kajian potensi air tanah di daerah tersebut menyebabkan persoalan kekeringan tidak dapat diatasi dalam jangka waktu panjang. Oleh karena itu, kajian pemodelan air tanah sangat diperlukan untuk mengetahui potensi dan sebaran air tanah di Desa Kutayu, Kabupaten Brebes. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah membuat pemodelan air tanah untuk menentukan zona resapan (recharge) dan keluaran (discharge). Pengambilan data muka air tanah dilakukan pada 42 sumur yang tersebar di Desa Kutayu. Data muka air tanah dianalisis menggunakan metode finite difference atau beda hingga, yaitu menyelesaikan persamaan diferensial dengan membagi bidang menjadi segi empat sama luas. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan muka air tanah terdalam berada pada kedalaman 6,31 m, sedangkan muka air tanah paling dangkal di kedalaman 1,77 m. Pola ketinggian muka air tanah sesuai dengan kontur topografi. Zona recharge terletak pada bagian utara Desa Kutayu. Zona recharge berada pada daerah perbukitan dengan tingkat kerapatan vegetasi yang tinggi. Sedangkan zona discharge mencakup bagian selatan Desa Kutayu. Zona discharge merupakan area pemukiman warga. Berdasarkan hasil pemodelan air tanah didapatkan besar flux 0.147 m3/detik di zona recharge dan 0.116 m3/detik pada zona discharge.
Pendampingan Peningkatan Kompetensi Usaha Batik Tulis di Kabupaten Purbalingga
Authors: Wulandari Siti Zulaikha , Darmawati Dwita , Kurniasih Retno
Published: September 2020

Kabupaten Purbalingga merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki potensi industri batik di Jawa Tnegah bagian selatan. terdapat banyak UKM batik yang terus berkembang, dua diantaranya adalah UKM Batik Tien dan UKM Batik Purwita. Seperti kondisi UKM pada umumnya, kedua UKM mitra memiliki potensi sekaligus permasalahan yang perlu segera diberikan solusi, antara lain: (1) Kurangnya kemampuan manajemen atau administrasi dan pembukuan, (2) Persaingan usaha yang semakin berat, dimana pesaing bukanlah sesama UKM batik di wilayah lokal ataupun nasional melainkan internasional, (3) Kurangnya pembatik yang terampil dan menguasai teknik membatik secara keseluruhan khususnya pada batik tulis. Pemecahan masalah UKM mitra dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kapasitas UKM dalam mengelola usahanya melalui metode penyuluhan, pelatihan,dan pendampingan.solusi alternatif yang di berikan pada UKM mitra adalah : Penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan manajemen usaha kecil dan strategi produk melalui sertifikasi Batik Mark dan pelatihan batik tulis untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dalam inovasi motif dan corak. Target luaran yang ditetapkan telah dicapai pada akhir pelaksanana kegiatan, yaitu : Meningkatnya pemahaman dan kemampuan UKM mitra dalam bidang manajemen usaha kecil dan strategi produk melalui kepemilikan sertifikasi Batik Mark dan meningkatnya pemaham  dan kemampuan UKM mitra dalam memproduksi batik tulis yang berkualitas baik
Peningkatan Kapasitas Produksi dan Inovasi Produk Kelompok Usaha Bersama Cempaka di Desa Tambaksogra Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Pramuka Bambang Agus , Sugiarto Sugiarto , I.K Poppy Dian
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kapasitas produksi dua kelompok usaha mikro yang memproduksi makanan ringan di Dusun Kalisogra Kabupaten Banyumas, yaitu Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Cempaka dan Melati. Permasalahan yang dihadapi KUB Cempaka yang memproduksi kripik pisang yaitu dapur produksi belum higienis karena berlantai tanah, ukuran dan rasa kripik belum standar, kemasan belum standar karena masih menggunakan stapler, variasi rasa produk masih terbatas belum memiliki sarana transportasi, belum memiliki spinner untuk mengurangi kadar minyak kripik untuk menjaga daya tahan, belum memiliki jaringan untuk pasokan bahan baku pisang, belum memiliki media pemasaran, belum memiliki ijin kesahan dari Dinas Kesehatan yaitu Pangan Industri Rumah Tangga (PIRT). Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, pelatihan dan pendampingan di lokasi kegiatan. Hasilnya adalah peningkatan higienitas dapur produksi yang berdampak pada kualitas produk dan kepuasan anggota yang bekerja di dapur, ukuran kripik yang standar karena dipotong menggunakan alat, kemasan yang menarik dapat meningkatkan harga jual produk, variasi rasa dapat meningkatkan pangsa pasar, penggunaan spinner untuk mengurangi kadar minyak sehingga kripik lebih tahan lama, pengurusan ijin kesahan PIRT memberikan jaminan kepada pembeli akan mutu produk serta tidak perlu khawatir produk akan disita jika ada inspeksi dari Dinas Kesehatan karena produk dianggap tidak legal
Pendampingan UKM Kerajinan Kreatif Berbahan Dasar Kulit
Authors: Indira Kusuma Poppy Dian , Daryono Daryono
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi beberapa permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra. Mitra pengabdian masyarakat ini terdiri dari dua usaha kecil yang bergerak di bidang kerajinan berbahan dasar kulit.  Beberapa permasalahan yang berhasil diidentifikasi  oleh tim pengabdian bersama mitra meliputi: terbatasnya akses mitra terhadap pasar dan akses mitra terhadap perbankan. Beberapa kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ditujukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan tersebut. Sebagian besar kegiatan yang telah direncanakan telah selesai dilaksanakan dan hanya sebagian kecil saja yang belum terlaksana. Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini tidak menemui kendala yang berarti, kegiatan-kegiatan berjalan dengan lancar
Pendampingan Kelompok Pengrajin Batik Pringmas di Desa Papringan Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Adawiyah Wiwiek Rabiatul , Adi Pramono Hari , Praptapa Agung
Published: September 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi dua kelompok usaha bersama (KUB) batik Pring Mas yang berlokasi di desa Papringan Kabupaten Banyumas. Kelompok pertama adalah kelompok batik tulis dan showroom yang memproduksi batik tulis serta memasarkan semua produk yang dihasilkan oleh kelompok lainnya di showroom.  Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kelompok batik tulis dan showroom adalah terbatasnya pengetahuan tentang pewarnaan batik berbahan baku alami, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pengelolaan limbah pewarnaan batik yang dapat merusak lingkungan, kemasan yang tidak menarik, belum adanya label, belum adanya katalog produk serta goody bag untuk penjualan, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang tehnik pemasaran produk di showroom, terbatasnya pengetahuan tentang pelayanan prima serta belum dipatenkannya motif batik yang berkearifan lokal. Solusi masalah yang disepakati adalah pelatihan pewarnaan alami, sosialisasi pengelolaan limbah pewarnaan batik berbahan kimia, pelatihan pemasaran online, pembuatan kemasan, label dan goody bag, pelatihan pelayanan prima dan sosialisasi proses pengajuan patent motif batik tulis Pring Mas. Kelompok kedua adalah kelompok konveksi dan handycraft.  Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh kelompok pengrajin konveksi dan handycraft adalah terbatasnya daya listrik di gallery produksi sehingga mesin jahit hanya bisa dioperasikan secara bergiliran, terbatasnya variasi produk handycraft yang dihasilkan, pengolahan limbah konveksi yang belum maksimal, belum memiliki pengetahun tentang tehnik pemasangan manik-manik pada produk konveksi dan handycraft yang dihasilkan,  Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan dan pendampingan. Manfaat yang diharapkan yang diperolah adalah peningkatan varian batik tulis dengan pewarnaan alami, meningkatnya harga jual produk karena adanya kemasan yang menarik, meningkatnya omzet penjualan online, memperluas jangkauan pemasaran batik Pring Mas dan meningkatnya kualitas pelayanan kepada pelanggan yang datang ke showroom.  peningkatan kapasitas produksi karena mesin dapat dioperasikan secara bersamaan, meningkatnya variasi produk dengan desain bordir dan manik-manik, meningkatnya harga jual produk, meningkatnya mutu produksi dengan tersedianya mesin neci dan press kancing dan meningkatkan kepedulian pada lingkungan melalui pengelolaan pembuangan limbah
IbM Pembentukan Posyandu Lansia
Authors: Anggraeni Mekar Dwi , Fatoni Amin , Warsinah Warsinah
Published: September 2020

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) yang telah dilakukan berupa pembentukan dan pelaksanaan Posyandu Lansia di RT 1 dan 3 RW 1 dan RW 4 Kelurahan Bancar Kembar Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara Kabupaten Banyumas. Pelaksanaan pengabdian selama 8 bulan yaitu bulan April sampai dengan November 2017. Tujuan dilaksanakannya PKM ini adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat terkait dengan Posyandu Lansia meliputi: Pembentukan Posyandu Lansia, Pelatihan Kader Posyandu, Pelatihan Senam Lansia, Pelatihan cek kadar glukosa, kolesterol, asam urat darah, siraman rohani, serta Pelatihan cara mengukur tekanan darah. Hasil dari kegiatan PKM menunjukkan anggota masyarakat sangat bersemangat dengan adanya pembentukan dan pelaksanaan Posyandu Lansia. Hal ini disebabkan karena kader Posyandu Lansia mendapatkan berbagai pelatihan dan peralatan yang menunjang pelaksanaan Posyandu lansia. Para lansia juga bersemangat mengikuti berbagai aktivitas pada saat Posyandu Lansia yaitu senam lansia, penimbangan berat badan, pengukuran berat badan, pengukuran tekanan darah, deteksi dini kadar kolesterol, asam urat dan gula darah, siraman rohani, pendidikan kesehatan tentang pola hidup sehat, pemberian makanan tambahan, dan manajemen penyakit kronis. Posyandu lansia merupakan salah satu wadah bagi upaya pencegahan penyakit dan promosi kesehatan bagi lansia sehingga dapat menekan biaya pengobatan penyakit yang dikeluarkan oleh masyarakat dan negara
Sayuran Organik Sistem Vertikultur Aquaponik Sebagai Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan
Authors: Prihatiningsih Nur , Minarni Endang Warih , Nurtiati Nurtiati
Published: September 2020

Kesadaran masyarakat akan keamanan pangan dan gizi menyebabkan masyarakat  memberikan perhatian lebih besar pada kualitas dan keamanan produk sayuran yang dikonsumsi dan menginginkan makanan yang serba alami dan bebas dari bahan kimia, baik dari pestisida, hormon dan pupuk. Permasalahan mitra adalah  belum mengetahui paket teknologi budidaya sayuran secara ramah lingkungan, baik dari segi ekonomi, kesehatan, dan keamanan pangan yang dapat diterapkan untuk memanfaatkan pekarangan secara vertikultur aquaponik. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra beberapa solusi teknologi yang ditawarkan adalah transfer teknologi melalui pendampingan, pendidikan, dan demplot.  Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memanfaatkan lahan pekarangan di sekitar pemukiman dengan menanam tanaman sayuran ramah lingkungan dengan teknologi vertikultur aquaponik dan aplikasi basubio sebagai pengendali hayati dan pupuk hayati. Metode ceramah dan diskusi dilakukan sebagai media alih informasi yang bersifat interaktif dan berlangsung dua arah. Metode ini merupakan inisiasi program dengan harapan, kelompok mitra  mempunyai pengetahuan dasar yang baik tentang pengetahuan budidaya tanaman sayuran secara vertikultur aquaponik, memanfaatkan lahan kosong di sekitar rumah mereka, sehingga tercipta lingkungan yang nyaman, dan hasil panennya dapat dikonsumsi secara aman.  Penerapan program dilanjutkan dengan peningkatan ketrampilan anggota kelompok Dasawisma  melalui pelatihan dilengkapi dengan demplot. Hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan antara lain: budidaya sayuran secara vertikultur aquaponik yang ramah lingkungan. Pembuatan biofertilizer dan biopestisida berbahan aktif B. subtilis, pembuatan MOL (mikroorganisme lokal) dan pestisida nabati untuk mendukung kesehatan dan keamanan pangan.  Dampak dari kegiatan ini menambah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kelompok Dasawisma mencapai 95% dan menambah indah lingkungan dan hasil sayurannya dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kebutuhan makan sehari-hari.
Penguatan Pemahaman Perpajakan Terkait Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa pada Pemerintah Desa di Kecamatan Sumbang Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Detyorini Christina Tri , Susilowati Dewi
Published: September 2020

Abstrak.

Pelaksanaan pengabdian pada masyarakat dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas, Propinsi Jawa Tengah dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan diskusi permasalahan pajak di pemerintah Desa Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman aparatur Desa tentang perpajakan terkait Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan swakelola. Manfaat yang diharapkan dari kegiatan sosialisasi serta diskusi permasalahan pajak yang dihadapi aparatur Desa dapat memberikan penguatan pemahaman, sehingga dapat membantu memecahkan permasalahan yang selama ini mereka hadapi. Partisipan dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah aparatur Desa yang terkait dengan masalah pajak, yaitu para kaur keuangan (Bendahara) dan sekretaris Desa, sebagai koordinator tugas dan fungsi kepala urusan di Kecamatan Sumbang yang berjumlah 19 Desa, sehingga berjumlah sekitar 25 orang. Evaluasi untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah aspek penguasaan pengetahuan dan aplikasi peraturan perpajakan dalam konteks dana desa.

 

Kata Kunci: dana desa, pajak, pengadaan barang dan jasa,   swakelola
MEMBANGUN EXCELLENCE SERVICE DAN HOSPITALITY MENUJU MASA DEPAN STIFAR YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG YANG LEBIH BAIK
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Aqmala Diana
Published: September 2020

Dalam dunia pendidikan, jasa adalah ‘produk’ utama yang ditawarkan oleh sebuah instansi pendidikan kepada pelanggannya (stakeholder). Sebuah organisasi dikatakan telah memberikan pelayanan prima bila pelayanan dan kualitas yang dimiliki telah sesuai dengan harapan dan kebutuhan stakeholder. Bentuk pelayanan prima yang diberikan bermacam-macam, misalnya kepedulian karyawan kepada pelanggan, kesediaan karyawan mengambil resiko untuk pelanggan, kesediaan karyawan memberi solusi terhadap masalah-masalah pelanggan di masa depan.

Melaksanakan pelayanan prima menjadi semakin penting dalam berbagai lingkungan yang kompetitif. Dinamika meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan internal maupun pelanggan eksternal menjadi semakin lebih kompleks. Meskipun ada tantangan yang cukup besar dalam memberikan layanan yang berkualitas tinggi, pelayanan di perguruan tinggi telah mengalami pergeseran bertahap agar tercapai kepuasan pelanggan internal. Pergururuan tinggi sudah banyak yang mempromosikan keunggulan layanan dan mendorong kolaborasi namun relatif kurangnya sistem penghargaan kinerja yang terkait masih menjadi penghalang utama untuk menarik dan mempertahankan karyawan yang terampil dan berpengalaman.

Karyawan merupakan bagian dari aspek pelayanan yang berperan penting untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Salah satu faktor dapat yang meningkatkan keterampilan pelayanan karyawan adalah pelatihan. Tujuan dari diadakannya pelatihan ini adalah agar STIFAR Yayasan Pharmasi dapat memberikan pelayanan jasa pendidikan yang semakin baik dari waktu ke waktu agar mahasiswa maupun orang tua yang membiayai memperoleh kepuasan sesuai dengan ekspektasi yang diharapkan. Dengan terpenuhinya kepuasan konsumen yang ditunjang dari pemberian pelayanan secara prima akan memberikan dampak positif yang signifikan bagi masa depan STIFAR Yayasan Pharmasi baik dalam bertahan diindustri pendidikan sekolah tinggi, meningkatkan daya saing didalam industri, ataupun memperluas pangsa pasar sehingga secara tidak langsung akan menekan biaya operasional dalam sektor promosi.

Apabila tujuan tersebut mampu tercapai maka akan menjadi hal dan pengalaman yang dapat dijadikan bekal untuk para karyawan STIFAR Yayasan Pharmasi agar semakin baik dalam memberikan pelayanan, sehingga merasa betah pula untuk bekerja diinstitusi tersebut.
PELABELAN ANTI AJAIB JARAK PADA SUATU GRAF PETERSEN DIPERUMUM
Authors: Wijayanti Dian Eka , Thobirin Aris
Published: September 2020

Salah satu jenis pelabelan pada graf adalah pelabelan jarak yang merupakan pelabelan graf berdasarkan jarak antara titik-titiknya. Pelabelan jarak ini disebut distance magic labeling (pelabelan ajaib jarak) jika setiap titik mempunyai bobot pelabelan jarak  yang sama. Pelabelan jarak ini disebut distance antimagic labeling (pelabelan anti ajaib jarak) jika setiap titik  mempunyai bobot pelabelan jarak yang berbeda. Yang membentuk suatu deret.  Tulisan ini membahas tentang pelabelan anti ajaib jarak pada graf petersen diperumum yaitu G= P(n, m) dengan n ≥ 3, 1 ≤ m <n/2  suatu  graf teratur berderajat 3 yang mempunyai  2n titik  dan 3n sisi. Lebih lanjut, tulisan ini juga membahas tentang pelabelan (a,d)-anti ajaib jarak -{1} pada suatu graf petersen diperumum.
TEORI TITIK TETAP UNTUK PEMETAAN QUASI-KONTRAKSI YANG DIPERUMUM PADA RUANG BERMODULAR
Authors: Hayati Afifah
Published: September 2020

Pada ruang metrik, didefinisikan pemetaan quasi-kontraksi yang diperumum dari pemetaan quasi-kontraksi. Pada jurnal ini, akan dibahas mengenai teori titik tetap untuk pemetaan quasi-kontraksi yang diperumum pada ruang bermodular
PEMECAHAN MASALAH KINEMATIKA KE DEPAN PADA TANGAN ROBOT n-SEGMEN
Authors: Guswanto Bambang Hendriya , Masturoh Alisya , Triyani Triyani
Published: September 2020

This article discusses a forward kinematics space for a robot’s hand with n arms in two dimensional Euclid space. The kinematics space of the robot’s hand is obtained by employing some geometrical transformations, those are rotation and dilatation. The solution of this problem is represented by a function corresponding a set of pairs of hinge configuration with a set of pairs of robot’s position and hand endpoint direction.
Comparison of Single Exponential Smoothing, Naive Model, and SARIMA Methods for Forecasting Rainfall in Medan
Authors: Arnita Arnita
Published: September 2020

This study aims to compare the best method on the forecasting system of rainfall in Medan using Single Exponential Smoothing (SES), Naive Model, and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) . The data used in this study is rainfall data for 10 years (2009 – 2019). From the simulation by comparing existing method, the best model is SES with  and value of MAPE (Mean Absolut Percentage Error) sebesar 2,47%. And then  SARIMA (1,01,1)(4,0,3)12 whit value of MAPE  is2,93%. Both of this model is high accurate model because value of MAPE resulted < 10%.
Stability Analysis of Model tuberculosis Spread in Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Treatment Factors
Authors: Nursamsi Nursamsi
Published: September 2020

Diabetes mellitus (Dm) is a disease associated with impaired immune function so it is more susceptible to get infections including Tuberculosis (Tb). Tb disease can also worsen blood sugar levels which can cause Dm disease. This study aims to analyze and determine the stability of the equilibrium point of the spread of Tb disease in patients with Dm with consideration nine compartments, which are susceptible Tb without Dm, susceptible Tb without Dm complication, susceptible Tb with Dm complication, expose Tb without Dm, expose Tb with Dm, infected Tb without Dm, infected Tb with Dm, recovered Tb without Dm, and recovered Tb with Dm with treatment factors. The result obtained from the analysis of the model is two equilibrium points, which are the non endemic and endemic equilibrium points. The endemic equilibrium point does not exist if , endemic will appear if . Analytical and numerical simulation show that the spread of disease can be reduced and stopped if treatment is given to the infected compartment.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for The Solutions of Linear Equation System
Authors: Ariyanti Gregoria
Published: September 2020

A Semiring is an algebraic structure (S,+,x) such that (S,+) is a commutative Semigroup with identity element 0, (S,x) is a Semigroup with identity element 1, distributive property of multiplication over addition, and multiplication by 0 as an absorbent element in S. A linear equations system over a Semiring S is a pair (A,b)  where A is a matrix with entries in S  and b is a vector over S. This paper will be described as necessary or sufficient conditions of the solution of linear equations system over Semiring S viewed by matrix X  that satisfies AXA=A, with A in S.  For a matrix X that satisfies AXA=A, a linear equations system Ax=b has solution x=Xb+(I-XA)h with arbitrary h in S if and only if AXb=b.
Stability Analysis of Mathematical Model on HIV Infection with the Effects of Antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Aprilyani Lilis Dwi Sapta , Kasbawati Kasbawati , Toaha Syamsuddin
Published: September 2020

HIV is a retrovirus, a virus which has enzymes and can convert genetic material from RNA to DNA. Antiretroviral therapies are the treatment to make the activity of the virus slow. The purpose of this article is to develop a mathematical model of HIV infection by reviewing antiretroviral therapy, analyze the equilibrium point, and determine the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. There are two equilibrium points in this HIV infection model, namely infection-free equilibrium and infected equilibrium. Numerical simulations are carried out based on selected parameters showed that infection free equilibrium is reached when the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy is 0,4 for RT inhibitor and 0,3 for Protease Inhibitor. This means that antiretroviral therapy may change infected conditions to infection free conditions.
Sentiment Analysis of Southeast Asian Games (SEA Games) in Philippines 2019 Based on Opinion of Internet User of Social Media Twitter with K-Nearest Neighbor and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Riefky Muhammad , Pramesti Wara
Published: September 2020

Sports events are an activity that is in great demand, especially the people of Southeast Asia. One of the most prestigious sporting events in the Southeast Asian region is the Southeast Asian Games (SEA Games). SEA Games is one of the sporting events held in the Southeast Asia region and is only held every two years involving eleven member countries of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). The most SEA Games issues occurred on Twitter with 20,600 tweets. This is because the 2019 SEA Games event in the Philippines experienced many irregularities, one of which is the Rizal Memorium stadium, which has not been renovated until now. The purpose of this study is to obtain and compare the results of the accuracy of the classification of Twitter users' sentiments towards the 2019 SEA Games in the Philippines using k-nearest neighbor and support vector machine. The data used in this study comes from data from Twitter social media users who often use the hashtag "SEA Games 2019" which has been done with text preprocessing of 2697 tweets with data partitions of 60% for training data and 40% for testing data. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that the best accuracy results in the k-nearest neighbor and support vector machine classification are the support vector machine classification with a polynomial kernel of 92.96% so that the predictions of the Support Vector Machine classification tend to be negative.
KAIDAH PENAMAAN LEKSEM BENDA-BENDA KECIL (ISM TAṢGĪR) DALAM KAMUS AL-MUNAWWIR ARAB-INDONESIA (ANALISIS MORFOSEMANTIK)
Authors: Anis Muhammad Yunus
Published: September 2020

This article will generally examine the naming convention of small objects lexemes (ism tagīr) in the Al-Munawwir Arabic-Indonesian dictionary. The approach used in this study is a linguistic approach, especially closely related to morphosemantics. In this case, the morphosemantic study involves the study of the structure and meaning of the lexeme in relation to small objects or what is commonly referred to in Arabic as ism taṣgīr. The research method consists of three important stages, such as: (1) the data collection and analysis using the observation method of linguistic units in the form of "words" in the al-Munawwir dictionary, (2) the data analysis used distributional methods in the form of techniques for direct elements and contrasting techniques, and (3) reports on results related to the rules for naming small objects in Arabic. The results of this study are expected to provide new insights on the relationship between morphological word formation in Arabic and naming rules in Semantic studies.
Optimalisasi Potensi Pariwisata dan Lingkungan Melalui Program Pendidikan, Kesehatan, dan Pemberdayaan
Authors: Astirin Okid Parama , Nugraha Setya , Utomowati Rahning
Published: September 2020

Buku Limau village is located at Belitung Timur district. This village is one out of 18 remoted villages which located in one region of Bangka Belitung Province. Buku Limau village is also one out of three villages which are populated by the people. One of the greatest potential of this village is tourism, which have a very lovey beaches all along the coast line. However, it seems that they do not have an adequate number of human resources. The purpose of this students community service programme is to increase the awereness of Buku Limau people in several important aspects, namely: education, tourism, well-being based on local wisdom. In order to increase those several aspects, the students will held several comunnity job, namely: first aid training, training and education for tourism human resources. These several community service will helped the people of Buku Limau to increase their wealth and boost the tourism programme.
Peningkatan Potensi Wisata Desa Waginopo dengan Mengoptimalkan Sumber Daya Melalui Program Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Hadi Syamsul , Wibowo Wibowo , Triyono Joko , Rujunia La Ode , Nasrianto La Ode
Published: September 2020

Desa Waginopo merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Wangi-wangi, Kabupaten Wakatobi, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Desa Waginopo merupakan salah satu dari pemekaran desa Tindoi Raya yang terletak di kawasan puncak Pulau Wanci, Kabupaten Wakatobi. Desa Waginopo tergolong dalam desa berkembang setelah mengalami kemajuan dari yang sebelumnya berstatus sebagai desa tertinggal. Desa Waginopo memiliki kekayaan berupa sumber daya alam yang amat melimpah. Kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) UNS Wakatobi bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan kekayaan sumber daya alam Desa Waginopo untuk dapat dikelola dengan baik dan meningkatkan sumber daya manusia desa agar dapat mengelola kekayaan alam dengan optimal dengan melaksanakan 20 program berupa 10 program kerja utama dan 10 program kerja penunjang. Program kerja yang dilaksanakan terfokus kepada bidang pariwisata yang memiliki kegiatan berupa Peta Wisata, Toliamba Information Centre, Mural Toliamba, Sosialisasi Inovasi Homestay, dan Explore Wakatobi. Program utama tersebut kemudian didukung program bidang ekonomi kreatif dengan program kerja berupa Made in Toliamba, sosialisasi pemasaran, packaging and labeling, vertikultur serta souvenir made by Toliamba, program bidang lingkungan yang memiliki kegiatan survey gua, penyuluhan pertanian, tadah dan penyaring air hujan serta Waginopo bersih berseri, dan program bidang kemasyarakatan yang memiliki program antara lain Rumah Kreasi, PHBS, Who am i, What is Your name dan Plural is me. Program-program yang disusun dapat terlaksana dengan baik berkat dukungan dari pemerintah daerah maupun pemerintah desa serta antusiasme masyarakat dalam berkontribusi untuk program yang dilaksanakan.
TÜRKİYE’DE YATIRIM TEŞVİK SİSTEMİNİN TARİHÇESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Hasan
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de yatırım teşvik sisteminin tarihçesi konu edilmiştir. Yatırım teşvik sisteminin Türkiye’de başladığı Osmanlı’dan günümüze kadar olan tarihsel süreç ele alınmak istenmiştir. Cumhuriyet’in kurulmasından hemen sonrası tek parti dönemi olarak anılan dönemin uygulamaları, Demokrat Parti ve Adnan Menderes dönemi, 1960- 1980 iki askeri darbe arası dönem, 24 Ocak 1980 kararları ile öne çıkan Turgut Özal Dönemi ve 2000 yılı sonrasında uygulamalar kronolojik olarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de Osmanlı’dan bu yana dönemler itibariyle farklı tarzlarda yatırım teşvikleri politikaları uygulanmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti kurulduktan hemen sonra özellikle dönemin şartlarını da dikkate alarak ekonomisini güçlendirmek adına girişimlerde bulunmuş ve birtakım politikalar hayata geçirilmiştir. Politikaların yeterli olup olmadığı tartışmasının yıllarca devam ettiği belirtilmelidir. Günümüzde ise gelişmekte olan ülkeler sınıfında olan ve dünyanın en büyük ilk yirmi ekonomisi arasında bulunan Türkiye’de, yatırım teşvikler önemli bir ekonomik araç olarak görülmüştür. Bölgeler arası gelişmişlik farklarının yüksek oluşu, işsizlik, göç gibi sorunlar için çözüm aracı olarak kabul edilen yatırım teşvikler ekonomik araç olmanın yanı sıra siyasal ve sosyal bir araç olarak öne çıkmaktadır.
Development of a Short Form: Methods, Examinations, and Recommendations
Authors: KOĞAR Hakan
Published: September 2020

The aim of this review is to explain the methods that can be used when developing short form of a measurement tool and to examine some short form development studies in the field of health sciences literature by taking into consideration the criticisms of short form development studies. It is seen that short form development studies are especially concentrated in the fields of health sciences. The main reason for this situation has been shown that clinicians need fast and reliable measurement tools to reduce the pressure on them. The review results of the 12 articles selected for this research show that there are very few studies that follow the guidelines for short form development. Researchers are advised to develop the short form of the scale by taking into account the criteria mentioned in this study. It is recommended to select measurement instruments which are developed in accordance with ethical rules and have sufficient psychometric properties. Clinical researchers should be aware that the perception that measuring instruments containing less items are less valid does not show the truth. The same psychometric standards are sought for each measurement tools.
Clinical practice and post-operative rehabilitation after knee arthroscopy varies according to surgeon's expertise: a survey among Polish Arthroscopy Society members.
Authors: Bąkowski Paweł , Bąkowska-Żywicka Kamilla , Piontek Tomasz
Published: September 2020

Background: Meniscal repair has received increasing attention. Currently, there is a variety of arthroscopic methods of meniscus repair available. The purpose of this study was to determine a consensus in meniscus tear treatment in the environment of Polish orthopedists.Methods: 205 registered orthopedic surgeons took part in surveys. The survey consisted of 35 questions regarding general arthroscopy and postoperative management, including physician’s level of expertise, arthroscopy anesthesia, postoperative treatment, rehabilitation and procedures performed. Comparisons were made between knee arthroscopy experts (> 100 arthroscopies performed per year) and non-experts (≤ 100 cases) on aspects of patient care.Results: The most important finding of this study is an agreement in almost all aspects of knee arthroscopy approach. A consensus between polish surgeons was noticed in choosing regional anesthesia for knee arthroscopy, no need for knee braces nor knee medications, using LMW heparin as thromboprophylaxis, 1-2 days hospitalization, recommendation of rehabilitation and magnetic resonance as a diagnostic test for meniscus damage. Surgical expertise was significantly associated with the performance of meniscus sewing procedures (p = 0.009). Experts recommended starting rehabilitation already on the day of surgery (p=0.007) and more likely used objective physical tests (p=0.003). Non-expert surgeons recommended longer period from meniscus suture to a full range knee motion (p=0.001) and admitted that patient’s age does matter for meniscus repair qualification (p=0.002).Conclusions: There is a consensus in almost all issues of meniscus tear treatment in the environment of the Polish orthopedists, however the rehabilitation issues and the use of advanced meniscus repair techniques is associated with surgical expertise.
Comparison of neuroglobin distribution and expression between the retina of the adult Bactrian camel, rabbits and sheep
Authors: DU XIAOHUA , MAWOLO JAMES BLACKAR , LIU XIA
Published: September 2020

Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a kind of protein largely expressed in the brain and retina of mammals. Numerous studies have reported on Ngb expression and distribution in mammals but none have compared the expression in the adult Bactrian camel, rabbits, and sheep. The study examined the distribution and expression of Ngb between the retina of adult Bactrian camel, rabbits, and sheep and provides detailed insight on the morphology of these mammals’ retinae. The immunohistochemical staining procedures were performed to detect Ngb distribution and its expression in the retinae of the adult Bactrian camel, rabbits, and sheep. The results showed that strong positive Ngb expression was found in all layers of the Bactrian camel except the outer nuclear layer, while in the rabbit retina, the strong positive expression was observed in the cortex of the optic nerve fiber layer, the retina cells layer, the network layer, the photoreceptor inner segment, and the pigment, while weak positive expression was shown in the retina of the kernel layer, outside the outer nuclear layer of the retina and the light receptor section. In the adult sheep retina, Ngb was solely expressed in the nerve fiber layer, inner and outer plexiform layer, optic nerve, inner and outer limiting membrane, and photoreceptor inner segment, while weak positive expression was shown in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. There exist no Ngb positive expression in the photoreceptor outer segment, the outer nuclear layer, and retinal pigment epithelium of the adult sheep retina. The study documented that Ngb may have a significant function in the maintenance of retinal oxygen homeostasis and participation in the repair of light damage. The study also provided detailed references for Ngb physiological function and its relationship to extreme environmental conditions
Deep Learning Methodology for Differentiating Glioma Recurrence From Radiation Necrosis Using Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Gao Yang , Xiao Xiong , Han Bangcheng , Li Guilin , Ning Xiaolin , Wang Defeng , Cai Weidong , Kikinis Ron , Berkovsky Shlomo , Di Ieva Antonio , Zhang Liwei , Ji Nan , Liu Sidong
Published: September 2020

Background

The radiological differential diagnosis between tumor recurrence and radiation-induced necrosis (ie, pseudoprogression) is of paramount importance in the management of glioma patients.

Objective

This research aims to develop a deep learning methodology for automated differentiation of tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis based on routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 146 patients who underwent radiation therapy after glioma resection and presented with suspected recurrent lesions at the follow-up MRI examination were selected for analysis. Routine MRI scans were acquired from each patient, including T1, T2, and gadolinium-contrast-enhanced T1 sequences. Of those cases, 96 (65.8%) were confirmed as glioma recurrence on postsurgical pathological examination, while 50 (34.2%) were diagnosed as necrosis. A light-weighted deep neural network (DNN) (ie, efficient radionecrosis neural network [ERN-Net]) was proposed to learn radiological features of gliomas and necrosis from MRI scans. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate performance of the model in both image-wise and subject-wise classifications. Preoperative diagnostic performance of the model was also compared to that of the state-of-the-art DNN models and five experienced neurosurgeons.

Results

DNN models based on multimodal MRI outperformed single-modal models. ERN-Net achieved the highest AUC in both image-wise (0.915) and subject-wise (0.958) classification tasks. The evaluated DNN models achieved an average sensitivity of 0.947 (SD 0.033), specificity of 0.817 (SD 0.075), and accuracy of 0.903 (SD 0.026), which were significantly better than the tested neurosurgeons (P=.02 in sensitivity and P<.001 in specificity and accuracy).

Conclusions

Deep learning offers a useful computational tool for the differential diagnosis between recurrent gliomas and necrosis. The proposed ERN-Net model, a simple and effective DNN model, achieved excellent performance on routine MRI scans and showed a high clinical applicability.
Decrease in Stroke Diagnoses During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Where Did All Our Stroke Patients Go?
Authors: Dula Adrienne Nicole , Gealogo Brown Gretchel , Aggarwal Aarushi , Clark Kal L
Published: September 2020

Despite the evidence suggesting a high rate of cerebrovascular complications in patients with SARS-CoV-2, reports have indicated decreasing rates of new ischemic stroke diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic. The observed decrease in emergency department (ED) visits is unsurprising during this major crisis, as patients are likely to prioritize avoiding exposure to SARS-CoV-2 over addressing what they may perceive as mild symptoms of headache, lethargy, difficulty speaking, and numbness. In the central and south Texas regions where we practice, we suspect that patient admission, treatment, and discharge volumes for acute stroke treatment have decreased significantly since COVID-19–related shelter-at-home orders were issued. Symptoms of stroke are frequently noticed by a family member, friend, or community member before they are recognized by the patients themselves, and these symptoms may be going unnoticed due to limited face-to-face encounters. This possibility emphasizes the importance of patient education regarding stroke warning signs and symptoms during the current period of isolation and social-distancing. The south Texas population, already saddled with above-average rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, has a higher stroke mortality rate compared to Texas and U.S. averages; however, the number of patients presenting to EDs with acute ischemic stroke diagnoses is lower than average. In our viewpoint, we aim to present the relative literature to date and outline our ongoing analyses of the highly affected and diverse stroke populations in San Antonio and Austin, Texas, to answer a simple question: where did all our stroke patients go?
Fitbit-Based Interventions for Healthy Lifestyle Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ringeval Mickael , Wagner Gerit , Denford James , Paré Guy , Kitsiou Spyros
Published: September 2020

Background

Unhealthy behaviors, such as physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthful eating, remain highly prevalent, posing formidable challenges in efforts to improve cardiovascular health. While traditional interventions to promote healthy lifestyles are both costly and effective, wearable trackers, especially Fitbit devices, can provide a low-cost alternative that may effectively help large numbers of individuals become more physically fit and thereby maintain a good health status.

Objective

The objectives of this meta-analysis are (1) to assess the effectiveness of interventions that incorporate a Fitbit device for healthy lifestyle outcomes (eg, steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and weight) and (2) to identify which additional intervention components or study characteristics are the most effective at improving healthy lifestyle outcomes.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted, searching the following databases from 2007 to 2019: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL (Cochrane). Studies were included if (1) they were randomized controlled trials, (2) the intervention involved the use of a Fitbit device, and (3) the reported outcomes were related to healthy lifestyles. The main outcome measures were related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and weight. All the studies were assessed for risk of bias using Cochrane criteria. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the treatment effect of interventions that included a Fitbit device compared with a control group. We also conducted subgroup analysis and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to further disentangle the effects of intervention components.

Results

Our final sample comprised 41 articles reporting the results of 37 studies. For Fitbit-based interventions, we found a statistically significant increase in daily step count (mean difference [MD] 950.54, 95% CI 475.89-1425.18; P<.001) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MD 6.16, 95% CI 2.80-9.51; P<.001), a significant decrease in weight (MD −1.48, 95% CI −2.81 to −0.14; P=.03), and a nonsignificant decrease in objectively assessed and self-reported sedentary behavior (MD −10.62, 95% CI −35.50 to 14.27; P=.40 and standardized MD −0.11, 95% CI −0.48 to 0.26; P=.56, respectively). In general, the included studies were at low risk for bias, except for performance bias. Subgroup analysis and fsQCA demonstrated that, in addition to the effects of the Fitbit devices, setting activity goals was the most important intervention component.

Conclusions

The use of Fitbit devices in interventions has the potential to promote healthy lifestyles in terms of physical activity and weight. Fitbit devices may be useful to health professionals for patient monitoring and support.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42019145450; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42019145450
On the Ways of Writing the History of the State
Authors: Lichtenstein Eli B.
Published: September 2020

Foucault’s governmentality lectures at the Collège de France analyze the history of the state through the lens of governmental reason. However, these lectures largely omit consideration of the relationship between discipline and the state, prioritizing instead raison d’État and liberalism as dominant state technologies. To remedy this omission, I turn to Foucault’s early studies of discipline and argue that they provide materials for the reconstruction of a genealogy of the “disciplinary state.” In reconstructing this genealogy, I demonstrate that the disciplinary state marks the “dark side” of the liberal state, a dark side which is, more-over, largely obscured in the governmentality lectures. I further construe the difference be-tween this early genealogy of the state and the later governmental studies in methodologi-cal terms. At stake in this difference is the historiographic status of capitalism and social conflict. Foucault’s governmentality lectures employ what I term an “idealist disavowal,” thereby treating capitalism and social conflict as irrelevant to the history of the state. The early disciplinary studies, on the other hand, enact a “materialist avowal,” by which these objects are avowed as central to the explanation of how and why the state develops. Final-ly, I argue that Foucault’s governmental genealogy of the liberal state is explanatorily and analytically incomplete, while the genealogy of the disciplinary state contributes to its completion on both fronts.
Foucault On Psychoanalysis: Missed Encounter or Gordian Knot?
Authors: G. E. Kelly Mark
Published: September 2020

Foucault’s remarks concerning psychoanalysis are ambivalent and even prima facie contra-dictory, at times lauding Freud and Lacan as anti-humanists, at others being severely criti-cal of their imbrication within psychiatric power. This has allowed a profusion of interpretations of his position, between so-called ‘Freudo-Foucauldians’ at one extreme and Foucauldians who condemn psychoanalysis as such at the other. In this article, I begin by surveying Foucault’s biographical and theoretical relationship to psychoanalysis and the sec-ondary scholarship on this relationship to date. I pay particular attention to the discussion of the relationship in feminist scholarship and queer theory, and that by psychoanalytic thinkers, as well as attending to the particular focus in the secondary literature on Fou-cault’s late work and his relationship to the figure of Jacques Lacan. I conclude that Fou-cault’s attitude to psychoanalysis varies with context, and that some of his criticisms of psychoanalysis in part reflect an ignorance of the variety of psychoanalytic thought, partic-ularly in its Lacanian form. I thus argue that Foucault sometimes tended to overestimate the extent of the incompatibility of his approach with psychoanalytic ones and that there is ultimately no serious incompatibility there. Rather, psychoanalysis represents a substantively different mode of inquiry to Foucault’s work, which is neither straightforwardly ex-clusive nor inclusive of psychoanalytic insights.
Parrhesia and the ethics of public service – towards a genealogy of the bureaucrat as frank counsellor
Authors: Barratt Edward
Published: September 2020

Foucault makes clear in his later lectures that the notion of parrhesia has a long and varied history, which he merely sketches in his investigations of ancient politics and philosophy. Recent research extends and modifies Foucault’s genealogy of parrhesia as an aspect of the practice of the adviser or counsellor of a monarch or prince, showing how parrhesia informed notions of counsel at other times: in later antiquity, the middle ages as well as early modern Europe. Here we seek to show that the ancient notion of parrhesia reappears as a graft in another domain of modern truth telling: that of bureaucracy in Britain, in the debates over the organisation of the offices of government, with the middle years of the nineteenth century a decisive moment of rupture. We consider the fate of bureaucratic frank counsel in our own era. Interpreters of Foucault’s later lectures on governmentality have analysed the consequences of neoliberal rule for the government of public servants during the era of Margaret Thatcher. Presenting a reappraisal of the era, we show how important counter-discourses also emerged in this era, bringing the ethics of office to the fore, as civil servants argued for the formal codification of bureaucratic ethics, including frank counsel, as they tried to defend their professional ethics. Our discussion therefore addresses a key, early moment in the emergence of the ideal of codifying frank counsel and bureaucratic ethics. We consider the consequences of codification, arguing that a deep ambivalence now characterises the way in which political authorities seek to govern this domain of ethical practice.