bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Governance during a time of crisis: Addressing the waste crisis in Naples, Italy
Authors: Mascitelli Bruno
Published: September 2024

The Naples waste crisis hit world headlines almost three decades ago and brought to global public attention the intersection of municipal services clashing with questions of waste management. The situation was mired in a complex social reality and more generally provided a window into the deprivation of services in the Italian South. While largely considered a problem that was resolved, the lessons and residue of this crisis are still a matter of current debate. The purpose/focus of this paper is to examine the governance of the waste management problems s and how it evolved during the crisis. Central to this issue is the manner in which multilevel governance operated in this crisis, and how it manifested in the process and resolution of the issues involved. This paper also examines whether there was any input from civil society and to what extent this occurred. With different levels of institutional authority involved, this case study manifested a web of contrasting responsibilities both in vertical structures as well as different political strategies. The authorities involved in oversight of waste management included the European Union, the national government as well as regional, provincial and local governments. The management of this crisis provides important lessons for the future and provides a case study of multilevel governance. The case study for this research is the Naples waste management crisis, which was in the public arena between 2001 and 2009.
The purpose of this paper is not only to understand the waste crisis in Naples but to ascertain the governance mechanism and the inter-connectedness of the local, regional, national and even the European Union (EU) involvement in providing resolution to this crisis. The study included examination of the literature on the subject alongside an online focus group comprising four eminent Italian experts on waste management and in particular their understanding and appreciation of the Naples waste crisis. Their observations, some of which were drawn from/based on direct involvement in the specific crisis, are both critical to providing expert and context-based commentary.
Sovereignty’s shadow: The limitations of decentralisation under Federalism and multilevel approaches to governance
Authors: Vasilakakos Irini
Published: September 2024

The focus of this paper is to outline how the foundational approach of decentralisation inherent in federalist and multilevel governance (MLG) systems is incompatible with the indivisible nature of sovereign authority. Via an examination of the structural elements of these systems, their strengths and weaknesses, and an evaluation of the concept of sovereignty, this paper posits that the requirement for an identifiable central sovereign power in governance remains immovable, despite attempts to diffuse this power across multiple actors and governing levels. It further posits that attempts to divide this sovereign power ultimately destroy it, creating governing crises by delegitimising and undermining governmental authority across all levels. An evaluation of the evidence presented supports this contention and raises numerous questions that bear further consideration.
Determining the trajectory of a smoke flame using satellite images
Authors: Gribkov A. M. , Chichirova N. D. , Mirsalikhov K. M.
Published: September 2024

In a number of cases, for example, when choosing the design of the exit part of a chimney, when taking into account the characteristics of the underlying surface and meteorological characteristics of the area, or as a means of verifying variant calculations in the ANSYS environment, a study of the trajectory of the smoke plume in natural conditions is required. One of the simplest, most convenient and cheapest ways to determine a trajectory is to photograph it and then decipher it. So, for example, a vertical chimney, if the direction of the camera is raised above the horizon, and the chimney is not located in the center of the photo, it looks inclined in the photo. This means that at the top of the image and at the bottom there are different horizontal linear scales of the image. The angle at which the camera was installed can also be calculated from the photograph. In addition, the same vertical height interval occupies a smaller length in the upper part of the pipe and a larger one in the lower part. This means that in the upper part of the image and in the lower part there are different vertical linear scales of the image. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that objects of the same size have different sizes in the picture. The further away an object is located, the less space it takes up in the photo. Thus, in order to calculate the trajectory of a smoke plume from a photograph, we need to know the orientation of the main optical axis during the photograph and the distance to the photograph plane, which we choose perpendicular to the main optical axis and passing through the object, from which we can determine the initial average linear scales, and the direction smoke plume spread.

TARGET. Development of a new, simpler method for recalculating the trajectory of a smoke plume from a chimney using available Google maps to calculate the original scales in a photograph.

METHODOLOGY Allows you to trace the entire sequence of actions from determining the coordinates of the shooting point to recalculating the coordinates of the selected points of the torch boundaries in the photograph relative to the emission source onto an orthogonal plane.

RESULTS. A new method for calculating the trajectory of a smoke plume from a single photograph has been developed, the accuracy of which was tested using known sizes in the original objects, and which turned out to be higher than that previously used for these purposes.
Temperature field in a cylindrical porous layer during “endless” heating with heat outflow
Authors: Yakimov N. D. , Shageev A. F. , Dmitriev A. V. , Mutugullina I. A.
Published: September 2024

RELEVANCE.This article proposes a mathematical model for calculating the temperature field in the annular porous layer of an downhole reactor during continuous heating of a bottomhole zone containing high-viscosity oil (VVN) and natural bitumen (PB). The heating process is considered endless. purpose.

OBJECT.To solve this problem, it is necessary to use the proposed mathematical model. To obtain a temperature profile in a porous layer under constant heating with heat outflow.

METHODS.The equations of the mathematical model are based on the laws of conservation of energy and mass, analytical methods of the theory of differential equations, methods of the theory of similarity and dimensions, as well as numerical methods for solving boundary value problems are used for their study and evaluation.

RESULTS.During the study, the dependences of the distance at which the set temperature in the reactor is reached were found to be directly proportional to the mass flow rate, the linear density of the heat flux and the heat capacity of the mixture.

CONCLUSION.The mathematical model shows how the temperature in the annular porous layer inside the reactor changes with endless heating and heat outflow.
Strengthening The Family Welfare Empowerment And Resilience On Jombang Regency
Authors: Suharsono Judi , Candra Sulis
Published: September 2024

Family welfare empowerment on Jombang Regency are needed to increase support citizens, especially with decreasing economic growth. The purpose of this community service activities was to increase the family welfare and resilience entering the endemic era of Covid-19. Method used in carrying out the communication activity was Effective Communication Strategy and combined with Ethnohypnosis method. Blending method with Ethnohypnosis allows participants to carry out positive messages at the subconscious level. The steps of method use in this community service activity overall comprises six stages, beginning with: Observation, identification, pre-test, socialization, workshop, post-test. The data was taken from 51 sample from the total of 455 population, using purposive sampling method. The result show that family welfare could be attained by coordinating all stakeholders and the focus of attention based on age period as existed in Tri Bina (BKB, BKR, and BKL) programs. High participant numbers of family welfare organization would significantly impact the overall aspects of family welfare, empowerment, and resilience; especially in the more challenging era as the aftermath of Covid-19 pandemic. Education proposed to be mainly contributing in taking family resilience guarantee into account, where lower education background causing lower awareness on how to build and maintain family welfare.
SiApik Application as An Effort to Increase MSMEs' Understanding in Preparing Financial Reports
Authors: Hamsyi Nur Fitriana , Barkah Barkah , Pebrianti Wenny , Fahruna Yulyanti
Published: September 2024

MSMEs play a role in overcoming the problem of poverty and become a buffer when Indonesia experiences a crisis. Given their essential role in the national economy, MSMEs need assistance with access to capital. However, the problem is that MSMEs are not yet disciplined in recording financial transactions and compiling financial statements, making it difficult for banks to measure their financial performance accurately. This is due to a lack of understanding in making financial statements. As a result, it is difficult to know exactly how much profit or loss they experienced. Therefore, this community service activity aims to increase the understanding of MSME actors regarding the importance of financial recording and reporting and is expected to be able to prepare financial statements using SIAPIK. The method used in activities is socialization, which is done by conveying basic accounting material along with MSME financial accounting standards and providing training regarding the use of SIAPIK. The participants are MSMEs in the Kubu Raya Regency area of West Kalimantan. The activity results showed increased participants' understanding and ability to prepare financial statements using SIAPIK. By preparing good financial statements, they can measure their financial performance accurately.
Optimizing education primary selection in universities: A fuzzy inference system with the mamdani method
Authors: Mandala Arif Sapta , Pranyata Yuniar Ika Putri
Published: September 2024

Pemilihan jurusan pendidikan yang tepat sangat penting untuk perencanaan karir, terutama bagi calon-calon guru. Keputusan pemilihan jurusan ini seringkali sulit diambil karena berbagai faktor yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) dengan metode Mamdani untuk membantu calon mahasiswa guru di universitas pendidikan dalam memilih jurusan yang sesuai. Pengembangan sistem FIS menggunakan metode RAD (Rapid Application Development). Kriteria yang digunakan untuk pengolahan data melalui FIS meliputi nilai CBT pada tahun 2023, kapasitas jurusan, dan minat mahasiswa pada tahun 2022 khusus dalam kelompok SAINTEK di Indonesia. Mamdani digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi berdasarkan data calon mahasiswa terkait kemampuan kognitif, literasi bahasa, dan penalaran matematis. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sistem ini dapat digunakan dalam membimbing calon mahasiswa saintek dalam memilih jurusan yang sesuai dengan minat dan potensi mereka. Penelitian ini secara khusus memberikan manfaat bagi calon mahasiswa SAINTEK yang ingin melanjutkan pendidikan ke perguruan tinggi di universitas-universitas pendidikan di Indonesia, dengan memberikan panduan yang terstruktur dan sistematis untuk pemilihan jurusan.
Choosing the right education major is very important for career planning, especially for prospective teachers. Choosing a major is often challenging due to various complex factors. This research aims to develop a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) using the Mamdani method to help prospective student teachers at educational universities choose an appropriate major. FIS system development uses the RAD (Rapid Application Development) method. The criteria used for data processing through FIS include CBT scores in 2023, department capacity, and student interest in 2022, specifically in the SAINTEK group in Indonesia. Mamdani provides recommendations based on prospective student data regarding cognitive abilities, language literacy, and mathematical reasoning. The results show that this system can guide prospective science and technology students in choosing majors that suit their interests and potential. This research provides explicit benefits for prospective SAINTEK students who wish to continue their education at tertiary institutions at educational universities in Indonesia by providing structured and systematic guidance for selecting majors.
IoT-Based Embedded System for Streamlined Thermal Comfort Data Collection in Buildings
Authors:   Multimedia University, Nila Farzana Sharmin , Tan Wooi-Haw ,   Multimedia University, Ooi Chee-Pun ,   Multimedia University, Tan Yi-Fei ,   Multimedia University
Published: September 2024

Thermal comfort refers to the process of determining a pleasant working temperature by considering various environmental, occupational, and personal factors. With the widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, there is a potential to develop an IoT-based embedded system that directly integrates sensor data with building information to collect the necessary environmental factors for thermal comfort. This paper outlines the development and implementation of an embedded system for remote temperature monitoring, which gathers data such as temperature and humidity using sensors installed within the building and transmits this information to the cloud in real-time via a private Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) server. An IoT-based embedded system makes the data collection process more efficient, automated, and integrated, which ultimately leads to a faster and smoother experience in gathering and processing the necessary information to optimize thermal comfort. Following data collection, a machine learning model may be trained using the acquired data to automatically adjust the thermal comfort level in the building, improving overall comfort and energy efficiency.
Pendidikan Agama Anak dalam Keluarga Qur’an Surah Lukman Ayat 12-19: Studi Komparatif Tafsir Ibnu Katsir dan Al-Misbah
Authors: Yanti Herina
Published: September 2024

Menanamkan nilai-nilai agama sejak dini kepada anak dan itu dimulai dari rumah tangga sebagai madrasatul ula bagi seorang anak, sehingga orangtua sebagai pendidik pertama harus mempersiapkan diri dan materi pendidikan agama yang tepat untuk anaknya. Rasa beragama anak tidak akan tumbuh dengan sendirinya, tanpa kita tanamkan sejak awal dan kita berikan tauladan dalam kehidupan berkeluarga. Jenis penelitian  yang  dilakukan oleh penulis adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan membandingkan penafsiran Ibnu Katsir dan M. Quraish Shihab. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  penafsiran Ibnu Katsir dan M. Quraish Shihab hampir sama dalam menafsirkan surah Lukman ayat 12-19 bedanya, M. Quraish Shihab menterjemahkan ayat secara terperinci permakna kata sedangkan Ibnu Katsir dengan memenggal-menggal ayat saja dan menambahkan ayat dan hadits yang ada hubungannya dengan ayat lain. Inti Surah Lukman ayat 12-19 adalah rasa syukur, ajaran tauhid yaitu larangan berbuat syirik, berbakti kepada kedua orangtua, mendirikan sholat, berbuat yang ma’ruf mencegah yang mungkar, larangan berlaku sombong, sederhana dalam berjalan, bersikap halus dan lemah lembut dan dalam surat at-Tahrim ayat 6 yaitu kewajiban menjaga diri dan keluarga dari api neraka, dan dalam surat An-Nisa’ ayat  9 larangan meninggalkan generasi yang lemah baik lemah iman, lemah mental atau miskin harta yang bisa menjatuhkan kita kepada kekufuran.
A discussion related to the Energy Relativity and its Implications
Authors: Segal Moshe
Published: September 2024

A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is always conserved and that the Energy, embedded in the Universe, cannot disappear or be created from nothing. This should imply that the Total amount of the Energy, which is embedded in the whole Universe, must be a constant value. However, this paper provides significant arguments that evaluations of Energy amounts by Humans, might be also relative to the Human evaluator who evaluates the Energy amount, and two separate Human evaluators evaluating the Total Energy Content of several specific Energy components, in the Universe, might arrive at different results, relating to this Total Energy Content, of these several specific Energy components, which they evaluated. The paper also elaborates on the Implications of the conclusion that evaluations of Energy amounts by Humans might be also relative.
A Comprehensive Review on Turbulence Modeling of Ejectors
Authors: Bozorgpour Reza
Published: September 2024

Ejectors are highly reliable and trouble-free devices used for creating vacuum,compression, and entrainment. They are widely utilized in various industrialapplications and have garnered significant attention. Despite their simplicity,ejectors are often misunderstood by individuals familiar with the basic componentsand operational principles required for optimal performance. The performance ofan ejector is crucial to the overall outcome of the ejector system. Numericalsimulation offers an effective approach for evaluating ejector performance. Thisliterature aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the different turbulencemodeling techniques employed in simulating the flow field within an ejector. Thepaper is structured into four sections. The first section briefly discusses the basicconcepts of ejectors, different methods for analyzing ejector performance, and theimportance of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The second section covers theejector's structure, geometrical parameters, and presents various turbulencemodeling and local/global parameters used in ejector analysis. Finally, the paperconcludes by discussing whether there exists an ideal turbulence modelingapproach for accurately capturing the flow field inside an ejector.
Guilt Helps Navigate Social Norms & Boundaries: In Relation to Sexual Fantasies about Unwanted Sexual Advances
Authors: Kim Hannah , Hahnel-Peeters Rebecka Kathleen
Published: September 2024

Sexual fantasies are private experiences often unconstrained by social norms (Ellis & Symons, 1990). In this entry, we discuss the differences between erotic and aversive rape fantasies, different perspectives on the function and origin of rape fantasies, and how sexual fantasies surrounding non-consensual sexual relationships may invoke sexual guilt. We also discuss how rape fantasies may enable women to safely explore imagined sexual experiences and rehearse avoidance of sexual violence. Sexual fantasies can provide insight into the psychological mechanisms motivating sexual behavior by illustrating sexual thoughts and desires beyond dyadic sexual behavior (Ellis & Symons, 1990).
A Quantum Model for Serial Reproduction
Authors: Huang Jiaqi Adam , Busemeyer Jerome R
Published: September 2024

We propose a novel quantum walk framework for modeling serial reproduction, designed to effectively capture the transmission of inherently vague concepts, such as emotions and ideas, through quantum superpositions and controlled unitary operations. In a comprehensive comparison with Bayesian models using the largest dataset of reproduced narratives to date, our framework demonstrates superior predictive accuracy, surpassing Bayesian approaches in modeling non-linear relationships and multimodal distributions in emotion transmission. Furthermore, it successfully replicates recent key findings on emotion transmission in serial reproduction.
A Behavioural Investigation of Multisensory Integration in Youth with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Hare Carolynn , Leung Bernice , Zhai Glenda , Li YuHe , Stevenson Ryan A
Published: September 2024

Multisensory integration is a key sensory process which has a role in cognitive development. Multisensory integration has been demonstrated to be affected in ADHD largely in adults, but findings have been inconsistent. In this study, we examined whether multisensory integration differed in youth (ages 6-17) with ADHD (n=53) and without ADHD (n=60) using three different behavioural tasks (i.e., SIFI, McGurk, and speech-in-noise). No group differences were found in the SIFI, but ADHD youth showed reduced susceptibility to the McGurk illusion compared to neurotypical (NT) youth. The speech-in-noise task revealed no differences in multisensory gain, though hyperactive-impulsive traits were trending negatively related to phoneme accuracy. Overall, the results suggest reduced multisensory integration in youth with ADHD, using tasks involving speech stimuli. These results suggest that stimulus complexity may be important to examine for multisensory integration in ADHD, and further, multisensory integration may be affected across development in ADHD.
Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics (CCBHCs): An Opportunity for Child Maltreatment Services?
Authors: Kelly Andrew J.
Published: September 2024

Child maltreatment is a major public health concern. Adverse effects of maltreatment include significant associated healthcare costs and child-specific emotional and behavioral sequalae. These adverse effects necessitate continual evaluation to identify opportunities to increase, or expand, prevention and intervention services. To this point, no known review of these opportunities in the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic (CCBHC) model of care has occurred. Here, effective child maltreatment strategies and services (e.g., psychosocial screenings, Parent-Child Assistance Program, Parent-Child Interaction Therapy) are reviewed following the CCBHC model of care.
Political Consumerism
Authors: Starke Christopher , Kelm Ole
Published: September 2024

Political consumerism refers to a form of political participation in which consumers leverage market dynamics for political, ethical, or environmental ends. This can take several forms, such as boycotts, buycotts, discursive actions, and lifestyle changes. Empirical studies reveal regional and individual differences in the prevalence of such behaviors, often linked to factors like active engagement in organizations, strong political beliefs, education level, and interest in politics. Digital media has fuelled the rise in political consumerism. As online platforms facilitate information exchange and mobilization, they prompt novel political consumerism strategies. In this entry, we provide a primer on political consumerism, synthesize some empirical findings related to political communication research, and outline promising avenues for future research.
Microscopic Vision-guided Robotic Tissue Scanning
Authors:   Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery, Imperial College London, Xu Chi , Roddan Alfie , Xu Haozheng , Giannarou Stamatia
Published: September 2024

Advances in biophotonics have led to the development of the pCLE technology, which enables direct visualisation of tissue at microscopic scale during surgery. Preliminary research indicates that pCLE can effectively identify residual cancerous tissue, resulting in higher rates of tumor removal [1]. However, maintaining the pCLE probe within a working distance of micrometer range and orthogonal to the tissue surface, presents a significant challenge. Recently, a blur metric-based computer vision approach has been proposed to control the longitudinal distance between the pCLE probe and the tissue [2]. This approach, however, only approximates the probe’s location relative to the tissue surface rather than regressing their actual distance. In terms of pCLE orientation control, Zhang et al. [3] reconstructed the 3D map of the tissue surface and applied marker-based probe pose estimation to infer the probe’s pose with respect to the tissue surface during scanning. Nonetheless, this method’s effectiveness is limited when dealing with deforming tissue, and its accuracy can be affected by the surgical environment’s varying lighting conditions [4]. Most crucially, it cannot achieve the micrometer precision required for controlling the pCLE probe. To overcome these challenges and establish an au- tonomous robotic tissue scanning system, the Spatial- Frequency Feature Coupling Network (SFFC-Net) [5] and the Fast Fourier Vision Transformer (FF-ViT) [6] have been developed to provide visual feedback to the robotic scanning system. This approach enables the robotic scanning system to precisely approach the tissue surface and accurately adjust the pose of the probe. By integrating SFFC-Net and FF-ViT, we aim to improve the quality of pCLE data acquisition and facilitate more effective and accurate surgical procedures.
Learning to Register Needles in Ultrasound Images During Tissue Insertion
Authors:   Carnegie Mellon University, Robotics Institute, Abhimanyu FNU , Orekhov Andrew L. , Galeotti John , Choset Howie
Published: September 2024

such as blood drawing, endovascular device insertion, and biopsy. However, freehand needle insertion to deep targets risks damaging critical anatomic structures. Robotic assistance can help guide the needle to reach its target while avoiding these structures, especially in scenarios where skilled specialists may not be readily available, e.g. rural areas and battlefields. Robotic assis- tance requires real-time imaging and computer vision to monitor the needle’s shape and position during insertion. Compared to options like MRI and CT, point-of-care ultrasound imaging is especially appropriate for this task due to its benefits of real-time video, portability, low cost, and lack of ionizing radiation. Despite these benefits, ultrasound suffers from poor image quality, making it difficult for both humans and computer vision algorithms to track the needle. Needle bending, partially due to interference from heteroge- neous tissue layers, is another challenge. These chal- lenges motivate the need for an effective deformable registration method for needle tracking in ultrasound. Classical methods address deformable registration through an optimization approach. Despite early suc- cesses with these methods, they can have poor accuracy, be computationally costly, and involve many tuning parameters. Recently, deep learning methods have been embraced to address these limitations. One approach, upon which we build our present work, is to represent deformations as optical flow and train a neural network to predict the optical flow vector field [1], [2]. Tradition- ally this requires ground-truth flow maps for regression, but the scarcity of ground-truth data in medical imaging poses a significant hurdle to training these models. To address these issues, we present an unsupervised learning-based approach to deformable registration for needle tracking in ultrasound. In our prior work, we introduced U-RAFT, a model for deformable registration in vessels [3]. Here, we build upon [3] to calculate flow maps for video sequences of needles, an approach we call Video U-RAFT. We test our approach on medical phantom and live-tissue datasets and demonstrate im- proved accuracy in needle tracking.
Towards early bowel cancer detection: A data driven dynamic method of lesions characterisation using a robotic capsule
Authors:   Engineering Department, University of Exeter, Afebu K. O. , Tian J. ,   Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, Papatheou E. , Liu Y. , Prasad S.
Published: September 2024

Bowel cancer (BC) ranks as the second deadliest cancer globally with about a million deaths annually [1]. The high mortality is partly due to late stage diagnosis as current methods rely on visual examinations that are not reliable for detecting hard-to-visualise early-stage BCs. A notable difference between early-stage malignant lesions and their benign counterparts is their contrasting biomechanical properties, such as stiffness. In this study, a new approach to BC diagnosis is proposed. The approach uses a two-stage machine learning (ML) proce- dure to characterise bowel lesions based on the resulting dynamics of a recently developed self-propelled vibro- impact capsule (SP-VIC) travelling and encountering lesions in the bowel. As an impacting system, the resulting dynamics of the SP-VIC are intensely nonlinear and quite sensitive to any form of perturbation in its system parameters and its contacted tissue properties, such as stiffness. This sensitivity is novelly explored for bowel lesions characterisation using ML as a data driven approach in the absence of a mathematical hypothesis.
A Hybrid Millimetric Manipulator with Magnetically Actuated Continuum Robot and Tendon Compliant Gripper
Authors:   STORM Lab, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Calme ́ B. ,   Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Metcalf A. , Lloyd P. , Ryu S. C. , Valdastri P.
Published: September 2024

Magnetically actuated Continuum Robots (MCRs) hold tremendous potential for miniaturization, offering the ability to navigate safely through tortuous pathways in various surgical interventions, including bronchoscopy [1], neurological procedures [2], and pancreatic surg- eries [3]. Despite their promising applications, a notable challenge arises during the removal of tissues post- ablation or foreign bodies impeding proper organism function, such as bile duct obstructions. To address this limitation, this paper explores a hybrid design that amalgamates the benefits of MCRs with a millimetric tendon-actuated compliant gripper, illus- trated in Fig. 1. In this innovative design, a MCR is magnetically steered to reach the targeted location, while a distal tendon-actuated compliant gripper is employed for precise target collection. This abstract delves into the dimensioning of the gripper concerning the stiffness of the MCR and investigates the effective workspace in correlation with the MCR’s design.
Minaturized Magnetic Vine Robots for Deep Endoluminal Navigation
Authors:   STORM Lab, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Davy Joshua ,   Morimoto Lab, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, Greenidge Nikita , Kim Sukjun , Lloyd Peter , Chandler James H. , Morimoto Tania , Valdastri Pietro
Published: September 2024

Vine robots are a form of soft continuum robot formed of a thin-wall cylinder which has been partially inverted. When pressure is applied internally, the inverted material is propelled outwards causing the body to extend [1] (See Figure 1). This unique form of navigation facilitates shear-free locomotion and high tip force, leading to their proposed use in endoluminal interventions [2]. These properties have the potential to minimize potential traumatic tissue interactions and, due to their inherent minaturizability, facilitate navigation deep within the anatomy. When pressure is applied, vine robots intrinsically follow the forward path of least resistance, passively navigating around obstacles and forming curvatures in their everted body. However, these robots lack the ability to steer their direction of growth in the absence of additional mecha- nisms. Steering methodologies such as series pneumatic artificial muscles employ expanding actuators along the length of the robot. These offer modest deformation but preserve the soft structure of the robot body [1], [3]. Alternative approaches include tendon-driven designs which provide much greater angles of curvature however sacrifice the fully-soft structure [2]. The use of magnetic fields for surgical devices has been proposed at several scales. Via manipulation of the magnetic field within the workspace, forces and torques can be applied to internal magnetic elements. Continuum robots have been developed with entirely soft structures embedded with magnetic micro-particles. These robots are capable of being fabricated at small- scale (less than 2 mm diameter) whilst being steered via control of electromagnetic coils or External Permanent Magnets (EPMs) [4].
High Dexterity Single Use Flexible Endoscopic Robot
Authors:   Institute of Medical Device Technology, University of Stuttgart, Giacoppo Giuliano A. , Ohmann Johannes , Youssef Ali , Reetz Charlotta M. , Heinrich Leonhard , Pott Peter P.
Published: September 2024

Our society is aging, not just in Europe, but worldwide. This poses numerous challenges to healthcare systems. With regard to surgical interventions, society demands shorter treatment times, rapid recovery, and minimally invasive procedures. Consequently, hospitals are ex- pected to perform faster, more cost-effective, and more complex treatments. One way to meet these requirements is to use robotic-assistance systems [1]. The use of sur- gical robots is intended to further develop and accelerate procedures and enable more complex interventions [2]. The advantages of robotics should also be used to counteract the shortage of skilled labor and increase the ”productivity” of clinics through simple and easy-to- learn operations. Our goal is to develop endoscopes into low-cost, flexible medical robots (endoscopic robots) to enable enhanced minimally invasive procedures in single-port surgery and colonoscopy. Besides diagnostic tasks, they should be able to fulfill a variety of demand- ing therapeutic tasks. For reasons of hygiene, disposable systems are preferable to complicated reusable systems. This paper introduces a demonstrator of an endoscopic robot. The drive system and the additively manufactured endoscopic tip are introduced.
Acoustic Patterns of Interprofessional Communication and Quality of Teamwork in the Cardiac Operating Theatre
Authors:   Computer Science & Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Mishra Shrivatsa ,   Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School,   Division of Cardiac Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dias Roger D. , Zenati Marco A. , Chaspari Theodora
Published: September 2024

Medical errors are the third leading cause of death, right after cancer and heart diseases, causing around 250,000 deaths every year. Approximately 40% of these errors happen in the operating room (OR) and 50% of the resulting complications are avoidable. Most errors are related to communication. Effective communication among team members during cardiac surgery operations is paramount for ensuring patient safety and successful outcomes. Clear and concise communication among the members of the surgical team facilitates the coordination of complex tasks, enhances situational awareness, and allows for swift responses to unexpected developments [1]. Behavioral data analytics leverage multimodal data and artificial intelligence (AI) methods and can offer valuable insights into communication cues during cardiac surgery. By integrating various data sources such as audio, video, and physiology, AI algorithms can capture team members’ tone of voice, language patterns, and body language, ultimately distinguishing between positive and negative interprofessional communication behaviors. Speech signals can serve as indicators of both positive and negative interprofessional communication cues. A recent study that conducted analysis of conversation data during team interaction showed that it is possible to predict team performance from linguistic and acoustic features [2]. In another study, speech features extracted from conversations between team members were significantly correlated with team collaboration effort [3]. Identifying the vocal behaviors that affect team functioning on a moment-to-moment basis can yield a unique set of materials for personalized team training (e.g., video playback [4]) aimed at proactively addressing communication challenges, optimizing collaboration, and ensuring safer, more efficient cardiac surgery procedures. This paper investigates acoustic measures of speech extracted from speech during two phases of simulated cardiac surgery operations representing good and poor interprofessional communication behaviors and examines potential differences in acoustic measures between sessions.
Design and Implementation of a Polar-type 3D Printer for Highly Optimised Manufacturing of Prosthetic Sockets in LMICs
Authors:   Imperial College London, Brown Joshua , Clark, Angus B. , Omarali Bukeikhan
Published: September 2024

t is estimated that approximately 57.7 million people worldwide live with limb loss [1]. These are mostly con- centrated in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where healthcare provision is limited and the skilled workforce required to manually produce prosthetic sock- ets is too small to meet this huge clinical need. Manufac- turing prosthetic sockets using conventional casting is a time consuming and labour intensive process, involving the patient making multiple visits to the clinic over a number of weeks [2]. Once cast, it can take up to a day for a technician to manually produce a customised socket. There is therefore an urgent need for a fast, highly automated, and low cost solution to the manufacture of personalised prosthetic sockets. 3D printing is often proposed as a way of meeting these objectives [3]. A 3D printer can produce one-off objects with limited setup time and cost, from affordable and readily available materials, with virtually no human intervention between the start and end of the process [4]. Previous research has also investigated the use of 3D scanners to automatically generate sockets from the geometry of a residuum, further reducing the workload of skilled technicians, increasing throughput [5]. Despite these advantages, a number of technical chal- lenges have prevented the widespread use of 3D printed prosthetic sockets in LMICs. The limited mechanical strength of 3D printed sockets has been previously highlighted [6], Firstly, the mechanical strength of 3D printed pros- thetic sockets has been called into question by studies that have observed catastrophic failures of 3D printed sockets [6], and even those that have been able to meet the ISO 10328 standard for mechanical durability have required significant iteration before meeting this requirement [7]. Additionally, whilst much faster than manually produced sockets, current 3D printers can still take up to 48 hours to produce a full sized, lower limb socket, meaning that a large and expensive print farm would be needed show any meaningful benefit [8].
Soft-Tipped, Compliance Controllable Sensor for Measuring Forces During Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, UCL, Raitt D. G. , Abad S.-A. , Homer-Vanniasinkam S. , Wurdemann H. A.
Published: September 2024

Force sensing is key to understanding interactions during surgery. It allows surgeons to monitor tissue health and locate inclusions during palpation. Force sensors commonly interact using hard tips, which increase tissue damage. Other force sensors use soft tips to interact, measuring force through methods such as visual surface tracking [1], [2], magnet position tracking [3], [4], and meniscus tracking [5]. However, these sensors have outer diameters larger than 12 mm, preventing them from fitting through commonly available trocars used in minimally invasive surgery. The compliance of three of these sensors could be pneumatically adjusted allowing the range and sensitivity of the sensors to be controlled [2], [4], [5]. No soft-tipped sensors with outer diameters below 12 mm have demonstrated the ability to measure force with an adjustable range. In this paper, we present a soft-tipped compliance controllable sensor with an outer diameter of 11.6 mm. We investigate the ability of this sensor to adjust its force sensing range and sensitivity, and to measure the magnitude and angles of forces.
Optimizing Fuel Tank Truck Distribution to The Gas Station by Anylogistix (Case Study: Fuel Terminal Sorong)
Authors: Rumalutur Yizri Ievana Febrianty , Sukarno Iwan
Published: September 2024

PT Pertamina Patra Niaga Sorong Fuel Terminal is a company engaged in receiving, stockpiling, and distributing. Fuel stockpiled in the tank will be distributed through a tank truck with a capacity of 5,000 liters. The limited capacity of the tank truck makes the distribution less than optimal. The limited tank truck capacity triggers problems in the distribution system, especially considering that the life of 3 of the 6 existing tank trucks will expire in 2024. By considering the remaining time, the company needs to evaluate the distribution facilities that will be used and one of the solutions is to vary the capacity of the tank trucks. This problem can be solved through several considerations such as the urgency of tank truck needs, the amount of fuel needed, the infrastructure of the Sorong region, and some data that will be processed using Anylogistix. The results show that with the new tank truck capacity variations, namely 28,000 liter and 15,000 liter, in the selected periods it is more efficient by 24.58%, 3.44%, 31.6%, 26.37%, 30.67%, and 23.65% in terms of time compared to without variation. In addition, 445.6 liters of fuel can be saved in a month. All demands can be met from the minimization results so that this solution can optimize the distribution carried out and have a positive impact on the company.
Adicciones en la infancia y la adolescencia. Un vistazo desde la ventana adulta
Authors: Arufe Flores Claudia Guadalupe
Published: September 2024

El estudio de las adicciones en la infancia y adolescencia desde el ámbito académico es aún muy incipiente, se ha centrado la investigación en torno al alcohol, el Internet y las drogas; predomina la información que describe el consumo por sobre las experiencias de prevención y atención a las adicciones. Resalta el poco protagonismo que juegan la niñez y la adolescencia en los proyectos de investigación, sus voces se escuchan solo a través de herramientas de recolección de datos, pero poco se conoce sobre la complejidad de sus contextos, desde sus propias percepciones.
Upcycling of Mixed Aluminum Alloy Shredder Scrap using Shear Processing
Authors: Milligan Brian , Taysom Scott , Schuessler Ben , Roosendaal Tim , Lemmon Teresa , Whalen Scott
Published: September 2024

This article describes Shear-Assisted Processing and Extrusion (ShAPE), an emerging extrusion technology being developed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. One application of the ShAPE process is recycling post-consumer scrap without adding primary aluminum, which reduces embodied energy and carbon output. Scientists at PNNL won an R&D 100 Award in 2020 for their work in developing the ShAPE process.
Cold Spray Joins Thermal Spray Metal Additive Manufacturing Family
Authors: Matthews Neil
Published: September 2024

The next generation of metal additive manufacturing leverages the advantages of cold spray to offer promising options for applications in aerospace, automotive, and biomedical engineering.
Direct Writing of Mesoscale Circuits using Subsonic Cold Spray
Authors: Sampath Sanjay
Published: September 2024

This article reports on work at the Center for Thermal Spray Research over the past 25 years to develop and commercialize a new technology for digital printing of mesoscale circuits directly from a CAD file onto plates, cylinders, and complex 3D components and structures. With the evolution of cold spray technology and new powder materials, as well as advancements in control and robotics, innovative thermal spray applications are on the horizon.
Determinação de valores referenciais do diâmetro traqueal comparada com a entrada do tórax em cães da raça Shih-tzu clinicamente normais
Authors: Alcantara Ruas Lorrania , Farias Jackson , Campos Mariana Santos , Brandão Tiago Oliveira , Silva Naiane Darklei dos Santos , Carneiro Rodrigo Lima
Published: September 2024

The trachea has the important function of connecting the upper and lower respiratory systems, it has a flexible tubular structure, containing cartilaginous rings along its entire length. Imaging technology makes it possible to study this organ, and can then diagnose dysfunctions and natural thinning of its diameter, as occurs with the Shih-tzu breed (brachycephalic). The study with brachycephalic breeds aims to define racial characteristics in relation to the aforementioned organ through radiographic examination. Image analysis was performed with 24 Shih-tzus of both sexes, 1 to 9 years old. In the study, 41.67% of the dogs of both sexes obtained values within the references studied; 25% of the animals obtained values equal and above 0.2 cm, fitting the parameters for non-brachycephalic dogs, and 33.33% were below 0.16, fitting the bulldog breed. Further studies are needed for a better clinical understanding of the particularities of this breed.
Життя українського селянства в роки нацистської окупації 1941-1944 рр.
Authors: Перехрест Олександр
Published: September 2024

The article examines the catastrophic consequences of the Nazi occupation for the Ukrainian countryside during World War II. The author highlights the scale of economic and social losses inflicted on Ukrainian agriculture, emphasizing the significant destruction of the material and technical base and the impoverishment of the peasants. Particular attention is paid to the physical and moral suffering of rural residents who experienced harsh conditions of forced labor, repression, loss of property and loved ones.
ACCOUNTING PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT REAL ESTATE
Authors: Zinkevych Oksana , Dermanska Mariia
Published: September 2024

The article summarizes the vision of the accounting problems of investment real estate by domestic scientists. The analysis of theoretical and practical accounting problems of investment real estate objects. Methodological problems of recognition, classification, assessment and accounting of investment real estate objects are considered. It has been proven that the reliability of accounting information regarding investment real estate first of all requires the definition of clear criteria for distinguishing objects of operational and investment real estate.
ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДАНИХ ПОПИТУ НА ОСВІТНІ ПОСЛУГИ (ВИЩА ОСВІТА) НА ПРИКЛАДІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ВОДНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ТА ПРИРОДОКОРИСТУВАННЯ
Authors: Мошинський Віктор , Міщук Галина , Жомирук Руслан , Джоші Олена
Published: September 2024

Здійснено інтелектуальний аналіз даних попиту на освітні послуги (вища освіта) на прикладі НУВГП за період з 2018 по 2023 роки на основі поданих заяв абітурієнтами-громадянами України, для яких рік видачі документу про ПЗСО співпадає з роком вступу, тобто тих, хто здійснював свій професійний вибір вперше. Вирішення задач інтелектуального аналізу освітніх даних здійснювалось з використанням RStudio. Визначено, що динаміка попиту на освітні послуги, яку можна оцінити такими показниками, як кількість поданих заяв, пріоритет заяви, конкурсний бал, обрана спеціальність та форма навчання, ідентифікатори унікальності абітурієнтів, тощо є нестаціонарною та неергодичною. Результати проведеного кластерного аналізу дозволили виявити відмінності в обраних абітурієнтами стратегіях під час вступних кампаній. Очікується, що отримані результати сприятимуть подальшому покращенню якісної підготовки кваліфікованих фахівців, яка здійснюється в НУВГП, для розбудови України.