bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Οι απόψεις των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών για τις αναδυόμενες ιδιότητες: Μια πιλοτική έρευνα
Authors: Στεφανίδου Κωνσταντίνα , Φερεντίνου Αναστασία , Κυριακού Κυριάκος , Σκορδούλης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: December 2023

Στην εργασία αυτή διερευνώνται οι απόψεις των μελλοντικών εκπαιδευτικών για τις αναδυόμενες ιδιότητες. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη πιλοτικά, μέσω της συμπλήρωσης ενός φύλλου εργασίας από τους συμμετέχοντες, το οποίο αναλύθηκε με ποιοτικές μεθόδους ανάλυσης περιεχομένου. Τα πρώτα ευρήματα δείχνουν ότι οι μελλοντικοί εκπαιδευτικοί μπορούν να αντιληφθούν τις αναδυόμενες ιδιότητες ως νέες ιδιότητες των φυσικών συστημάτων, ωστόσο απαιτείται περαιτέρω έρευνα προκειμένου να γίνει πληρέστερη αποτύπωση των απόψεών τους.
Λογοτεχνία και Φυσικές Επιστήμες: Η Μαρί Κιουρί μέσα από την ψηφιακή αφήγηση
Authors: Καραγιάννη Σοφία , Πασπαλιάρη Μαίρη , Ιωακειμίδου Βασιλική , Πήλιουρας Παναγιώτης
Published: December 2023

Η ψηφιακή αφήγηση αποτελεί έναν εναλλακτικό τρόπο αφήγησης ιστοριών. Ταυτόχρονα, είναι ένα εκπαιδευτικό εργαλείο που διευκολύνει τη διδασκαλία και ενισχύει τη μάθηση. Οι μαθητές/ήτριες  εξασκούνται σε δεξιότητες του 21ου αιώνα, αξιοποιώντας την ψηφιακή αφήγηση που αφενός ανταποκρίνεται στα ενδιαφέροντά τους και αφετέρου στις επιταγές της σύγχρονης ψηφιακής κοινωνίας. Μέσα από λογοτεχνικά κείμενα, καθώς και τη συνεργατική και διερευνητική μάθηση, οι μαθητές/ήτριες έρχονται σε επαφή με τη ζωή και το έργο της Μαρίας Κιουρί, ανακαλύπτουν τη συμβολή της στην επιστήμη και δημιουργούν ένα ψηφιακό παραμύθι. Το αποτέλεσμα αυτής της δράσης είναι οι μαθητές/ήτριες να γνωρίσουν τη σπουδαία επιστήμονα αναπτύσσοντας ταυτόχρονα ένα σύνολο δεξιοτήτων γραμματισμού κατά τη διάρκεια του σχεδιασμού, της δημιουργίας και της παρουσίασης της ψηφιακής τους ιστορίας.
Δίσκος του Νεύτωνα, προγραμματιζόμενος με Scratch και στηριγμένος σε διάταξη physical computing, για τη διδασκαλία και μάθηση θεμάτων οπτικής
Authors: Γκιόλμας Αριστοτέλης , Παπαναγιώτου Ζωγραφιά , Χαλκίδης Άνθιμος , Στούμπα Αρτεμησία , Μπόικος Ηλίας , Ψωμά Βασιλική , Μπενίση Αικατερίνη , Κατσιαμπούρα Γιάννα , Σκορδούλης Κωνσταντίνος , Παπαναγιώτου Αλεξάνδρα-Τριανταφυλλιά
Published: December 2023

Στην παρούσα εφαρμογή και την αντίστοιχη διδακτική παρέμβαση  χρησιμοποιούνται το Arduino και το περιβάλλον προγραμματισμού με πλακίδια Scratch, για να μπορέσουν οι μαθητές να “ελέγξουν” και να “προγραμματίσουν” την περιστροφή  μικρών δίσκων του Νεύτωνα, . Σκοπός είναι  να διδαχθούν - με διαδραστικό τρόπο - έννοιες της Οπτικής και να διερευνηθούν από τους μαθητές (κυρίως μεγάλων τάξεων Δημοτικού ή  Γυμνασίου), αλλά και από φοιτητές, ζητήματα που αφορούν τα στοιχεία Φυσικής (του φωτός) στο δίσκο του Νεύτωνα (πχ τα χρώματα, το persistence of vision κ.ά). Η εφαρμογή και η αντίστοιχη διδακτική παρέμβαση θα πραγματοποιηθεί σε σχολικές τάξεις, ενώ έχει ανέβει και σε ηλεκτρονικές πλατφόρμες ,ώστε να ληφθούν εκπαιδευτικά ερευνητικά αποτελέσματα, αλλά και να υπάρξει ανατροφοδότηση από μαθητές και εκπαιδευτικούς,  ως προς την εφαρμογή της ιδέας και τα μαθησιακά της αποτελέσματα.
Εισάγοντας την έννοια της βαρύτητας κατά τον Einstein στην Πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση: Σύγκριση επιδόσεων ανάλογα με το φύλο των μαθητών
Authors: Βακάρου Γεωργία , Κώτσης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: December 2023

Η πιο πρόσφατη θεωρία που περιγράφει την έννοια της βαρύτητας είναι η Γενική Θεωρία της Σχετικότητας που διατυπώθηκε από τον Albert Einstein. Η διδασκαλία αυτής της θεωρίας αγνοείται από τη σχολική πραγματικότητα. Η παρούσα έρευνα εξετάζει, μέσω ενός γραπτού ερωτηματολογίου, τις επιδόσεις 83 μαθητών/τριων της ΣΤ τάξης του Δημοτικού, πριν και μετά από μία διδακτική παρέμβαση που αφορά στην έννοια της βαρύτητας όπως αυτή διατυπώνεται στη Σύγχρονη Φυσική. Επιπλέον, γίνεται ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων ανάλογα με το φύλο των μαθητών. Τα αποτελέσματα υποδεικνύουν εννοιολογική κατανόηση και μη στατιστικά σημαντική διαφορά ανάλογα με το φύλο των μαθητών.
Σχεδιασμός, υλοποίηση και αξιολόγηση εργαστηριακής άσκησης με στοιχεία εικονικής πραγματικότητας
Authors: Λάκκα Ειρήνη , Ζαφειρόπουλος Βασίλειος , Λέισος Αντώνιος
Published: December 2023

Στο πλαίσιο αυτής της εργασίας, σχεδιάστηκε και υλοποιήθηκε μια εργαστηριακή άσκηση που εκπονείται σε περιβάλλον εικονικής πραγματικότητας και έχει σκοπό την εξοικείωση των φοιτητών με την συλλογή μετρήσεων, την εφαρμογή βασικών μεθόδων στατιστικής ανάλυσης και την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων. Για την αξιολόγηση των  εκπαιδευτικής μεθοδολογίας χρησιμοποιήθηκαν 2 δείγματα από πρωτοετείς φοιτητές της Σχολής Θετικών Επιστημών και Τεχνολογίας του Ελληνικού Ανοικτού Πανεπιστημίου. Το πρώτο αποτελούνταν από 31 φοιτητές που εκπόνησαν την εργαστηριακή άσκηση δια ζώσης καθοδηγούμενοι από σύμβουλο καθηγητή, ενώ το δεύτερο από 26 φοιτητές που χρησιμοποίησαν το εργαστήριο εικονικής πραγματικότητας χωρίς επίβλεψη. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι στη δεύτερη περίπτωση υπήρξε βελτίωση στην επίτευξη των προσδοκώμενων αποτελεσμάτων.
Διδασκαλία της ανάλυσης-σύνθεσης του φωτός με δραστηριότητες που αξιοποιούν το εικονογραφημένο λεξικό Φυσικής για το σχολείο - ΕΛεΦυΣ
Authors: Καραγιάννη Χρυσούλα , Λεύκος Ιωάννης , Μητσιάκη Μαρία , Ψύλλος Δημήτριος
Published: December 2023

Το Εικονογραφημένο Λεξικό Φυσικής για το Σχολείο (ΕΛεΦυΣ) αποτελεί ένα χρήσιμο εργαλείο με το οποίο οι εκπαιδευτικοί μπορούν να σχεδιάσουν καινοτόμες διδακτικές παρεμβάσεις με στόχο την κατανόηση σύνθετων και αφηρημένων επιστημονικών εννοιών μέσα από την ενίσχυση του επιστημονικού και του γλωσσικού γραμματισμού. Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα μια διδακτικής παρέμβασης σε μαθητές ΣΤ’ Δημοτικού η οποία εστιάζεται στα φαινόμενα της ανάλυσης - σύνθεσης του φωτός. Η διδακτική παρέμβαση εντάσσει λειτουργικά το ΕΛεΦυΣ στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία με δραστηριότητες που συμβάλλουν στη βαθύτερη κατανόηση της επιστημονικής ορολογίας συνδυάζοντας την ανάπτυξη της γνώσης περιεχομένου με την καλλιέργεια γλωσσικών δεξιοτήτων.
Εκπαίδευση STEM και επιστημονικές πρακτικές: Η περίπτωση του προγράμματος «Διάχυση STEM»
Authors: Στεφανίδου Κωνσταντίνα , Μιχαλόπουλος Βασίλης , Μπόικος Ηλίας , Μανδρίκας Αχιλλέας , Χαλκίδης Άνθιμος , Χατζάκη Μαρία , Σκορδούλης Κωνσταντίνος
Published: December 2023

Στην παρούσα εργασία διερευνάται η εξοικείωση των μαθητών δημοτικού σχολείου με τις πρακτικές της επιστήμης μετά την πραγματοποίηση συγκεκριμένου  προγράμματος STEM. Το εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα STEM εστιάζει στη συλλογή, ανάλυση, σύγκριση δεδομένων από διαφορετικές πηγές – μετεωρολογικούς σταθμούς και δίνει στους μαθητές την ευκαιρία να «ασκήσουν» αρκετές από τις επιστημονικές πρακτικές. Τα πρώτα ευρήματα της έρευνας είναι συγκρατημένα θετικά σε ό,τι αφορά την ενίσχυση των μαθητών να αναγνωρίζουν και να αξιοποιούν συγκεκριμένες επιστημονικές πρακτικές όπως η ανάπτυξη και χρήση μοντέλων, η ανάλυση και ερμηνεία δεδομένων και η χρήση των μαθηματικών.
Οι πρακτικές επικοινωνίας της κλιματικής αλλαγής στο ευρύ κοινό από STEM ερευνητές/-τριες
Authors: Κοκολάκη Αθανασία , Σταύρου Δημήτρης , Αβρααμίδου Λούση
Published: December 2023

Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει τις υφιστάμενες πρακτικές που ακολουθούν STEM ερευνητές/-τριες αναφορικά με την επικοινωνία της κλιματικής αλλαγής στο ευρύ κοινό καθώς και το πώς αυτές οι πρακτικές διαμορφώνονται έπειτα από ένα πρόγραμμα επιμόρφωσης των ερευνητών/-τριων σε στρατηγικές εμπλοκής του ευρέος κοινού σε δράσεις για το κλίμα. Στην έρευνα συμμετέχουν 8 STEM ερευνητές/-τριες, 2 ερευνητές της διδακτικής των φυσικών επιστημών και 4 υπεύθυνοι/-ες εκπαιδευτικών προγραμμάτων ενός κέντρου επιστήμης. Τα μέχρι τώρα αποτελέσματα αναδεικνύουν την υλοποίηση σχολικών επισκέψεων στα ερευνητικά κέντρα  και τη διεξαγωγή ομιλιών για διάχυση των ερευνητικών αποτελεσμάτων στο ευρύ κοινό  ως τις κυρίαρχες πρακτικές που υιοθετούν οι ερευνητές/-τριες.
Παιδαγωγική πειθώ: Διερεύνηση της αξιοποίησής της στη Δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Σωφρονίδης Κωνσταντίνος , Διαμαντής Κωνσταντίνος
Published: December 2023

Η σχέση πειθούς και διδακτικής άρχισε να διερευνάται πριν από μερικές δεκαετίες. Αρκετοί ερευνητές έχουν υποστηρίξει ότι η πειθώ, με τη θετική έννοια του όρου, φαίνεται να είναι εγγενής στη διδακτική διαδικασία καθώς και ότι η ουσιαστική μάθηση είναι πιθανώς δύσκολο να προκύψει απουσία πειθούς. Υπάρχουν επίσης ερευνητές που έχουν προτείνει τη «διδασκαλία ως πειθώ», μία προσέγγιση της διδασκαλίας με την οποία οι εκπαιδευτικοί ενθαρρύνονται να αξιοποιήσουν πρακτικές πειθούς για την επίτευξη πολλαπλών διδακτικών στόχων. Στο πλαίσιο αυτής της προσέγγισης, η πρώτη επιδίωξη της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να αναζητηθούν στη βιβλιογραφία επιστημονικά τεκμηριωμένες πρακτικές πειθούς. Η δεύτερη επιδίωξη ήταν να διερευνηθεί ποιες από αυτές αξιοποιούνται πιο συχνά στην τάξη, καθώς και αν υπάρχει κάποια διαφοροποίηση στη χρήση τους ως προς τα δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά των εκπαιδευτικών. Από την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων της έρευνας φάνηκε μία θετική στάση των εκπαιδευτικών του δείγματος απέναντι στη διδακτική αξιοποίηση της πειθούς, αναγνωρίστηκε η θετική της πτυχή και οι πολλαπλοί της ρόλοι στη διδακτική διαδικασία.
Aνάπτυξη διδακτικού υλικού για την κλιματική αλλαγή με αξιοποίηση δεδομένων από περιβαλλοντικό σταθμό μετρήσεων από εκπαιδευτικούς Β/θμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Μιχαηλίδη Αιμιλία , Μεταξάς Ιωάννης , Σταύρου Δημήτρης , Καλυβίτης Νίκος , Κανακίδου Μαρία
Published: December 2023

Η παρούσα μελέτη έχει ως στόχο να διερευνήσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι βασικές συνιστώσες μιας διδασκαλίας αντανακλώνται στο διδακτικό υλικό για την κλιματική αλλαγή (ΚΑ) που αναπτύσσουν εν ενεργεία εκπαιδευτικοί φυσικών επιστημών. Δεδομένα αντλήθηκαν από τα σχέδια διδασκαλίας και τα συνοδευτικά φύλλα εργασίας που ανέπτυξαν 5 εκπαιδευτικοί φυσικών επιστημών και αναλύθηκαν ως προς τις θεμελιώδεις έννοιες της ΚΑ, τις επιδιωκόμενες ικανότητες, τις αξιοποιούμενες διδακτικές πρακτικές και τα είδη δραστηριοτήτων. Τα αποτελέσματα αναδεικνύουν πως οι εκπαιδευτικοί κατόρθωσαν να ενσωματώσουν στο υλικό τους ποικίλες επιστημονικές όψεις του αντικειμένου της ΚΑ καθώς και να αξιοποιήσουν τη μάθηση μέσω διερεύνησης και τους χώρους άτυπης μάθησης για να υποστηρίξουν την οικοδόμηση ικανοτήτων ΚΑ των μαθητών τους.
Molten Salt Reactor Loss of Flow Accident Analysis using the NERTHUS Dynamic Model
Authors: Dunkle Nicholas , Bogetic Sandra
Published: December 2023

Background Molten salt reactors (MSRs) can have different behavior to various types of accidents compared to conventional reactors. MSRs also have different safety limitations that many are unfamiliar with. With limited operating time, simulations with a dynamic model are a valuable method of analyzing the effects of potential accidents scenarios. Methods The model used in this work is the NERTHUS Dynamic Model in MATLAB-Simulink, which is a generic MSR design agnostic to any specific reactor design. The type of accident investigated in this work are pump failures in each of the fluid loops (i.e., primary, secondary, and tertiary) with no control rod movement and the only response being a trip to the once-through steam generator feedwater at different delay times. Pump failure was modeled as an exponential decay curve to represent the effects momentum would have on the resulting flow coastdown. Results The results of these simulations show that an MSR could be safely powered down in the event of a pump failure by decreasing the feedwater flow rate to the steam generator in a timely manner. A delayed response leads to fluid temperatures in the loops rapidly decreasing to the point where freezing of the coolant salts can become a concern. Conclusions The trending behavior across the simulations is that the temperatures between the reactor core outlet and the location of the pump failure increase compared to pre-transient conditions. The temperatures of the loops further downstream than the pump failure will decrease unless action is taken.
From traditional media to the Internet
Authors: Miaskowska Aleksandra , Grudowska Joanna
Published: December 2023

This article is an attempt to describe the linguistic aspects of communication among citizens 50+ active on Facebook (their biolect). These are people from generations who were originally socialized to traditional media and are just undergoing the process of adapting to new forms of communication. The research was conducted on the basis of 150 statements collected on Facebook in the period from December 2020 to the end of February 2021. During the analysis, four of seven forms characteristic for netspeak were observed, as well as the transfer of forms characteristic for traditional media to social media and appearance of atypical expression’s forms (e.g. a quantitative advantage of polite phrases over vulgarisms), which counterbalance the linguistic tendencies in the new media.
A fragmentary-aspectual review of the 19th century scientists’ historical and linguistic views regarding the ideologeme of the Ukrainian language
Authors: Sokil Bogdan
Published: December 2023

One of the urgent problems of modern diachronic sociolinguistics is fragmentarily outlined – an aspectual analysis of the views of the best representatives of the scientific and cultural community (Pavlo Biletskyi-Nosenko, Mykola Kostomarov, Ivan Kulzhynskyi, Amvrosii Metlynskyi, Oleksiy Pavlovskyi, Mykola Tsertelev) regarding the determination of the status of the Ukrainian language as an ideologeme represented in scientific discourse in Russian and Ukrainian timespace of the 19th century. Based on the identification of the main distinctive features of the Ukrainian language at all levels of the language system – phonetic, morpheme-word-forming, lexical, phraseological and grammatical, primarily morphological, characterized in the concepts of the mentioned scientists, it isshown that the Ukrainian language belongs to the original and ancient Slavic languages, which have their own independent path of development.
A propósito de la invalidez permanente: una reforma legal ad calendas graecas / On permanent disability: a legal reform ad calendas graecas.
Authors: Carmona Pozas Francisco
Published: December 2023

Se analiza el prioritario desarrollo reglamentario del artículo 194.3 de la vigente Ley General de la Seguridad Social, pendiente desde el año de 1997, cuando su tenor constituye la base y fundamentación del proceso de incapacidad permanente al establecer las claves de su futura ordenación. El proceso de calificación de la capacidad laboral implica otros varios e importantes efectos en el marco de las relaciones laborales.
Chronic kidney disease and coronary artery disease treatment
Authors: Newman Emily , Hynes Marijane
Published: December 2023

Chronic kidney disease impacts coronary artery disease and vice versa. Patients with chronic kidney disease develop coronary artery disease at accelerated rates, and cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. Optimal management of comorbidities affecting both diseases, such as diabetes, depression and hypertension, is paramount. In addition, adequate management of pain, quitting smoking and exercise counselling can all be targeted to improve outcomes and quality of life. This paper reviews the evidence-based management of the patient with both coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease.
All about … Portage
Authors: Weinstein Nicole
Published: December 2023

As the National Portage Association celebrates its 40th year, Nicole Weinstein looks at the vital role that portage workers play in supporting children with special educational needs and disabilities
In with the new
Authors: Celinska Angelica , Marycz Adam , Kyriacou Eva , Musgrave Jackie
Published: December 2023

Angelica Celinska, head of content for the Nursery World Show 2024, talks us through what to expect, including some new exciting features
HR guru: HOW TO HIRE
Authors: Edmunds Imogen
Published: December 2023

Imogen Edmunds, managing director of Redwing Solutions, which specialises in HR for early years settings, on recruiting effectively.
Team values: Food's up
Authors: Morris Gemma
Published: December 2023

Gemma Morris is a nursery manager and Conchobar Free (known as Conor) is a senior chef, both from LEYF's Marks Gate Nursery and Pre-school in Barking and Dagenham
Rhotekin regulates axon regeneration through the talin–Vinculin–Vinexin axis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Sakai Yoshiki , Shimizu Tatsuhiro , Tsunekawa Mayuka , Hisamoto Naoki , Matsumoto Kunihiro
Published: December 2023

Axon regeneration requires actomyosin interaction, which generates contractile force and pulls the regenerating axon forward. InCaenorhabditis elegans, TLN-1/talin promotes axon regeneration through multiple down-stream events. One is the activation of the PAT-3/integrin–RHO-1/RhoA GTPase–LET-502/ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase)–regulatory non-muscle myosin light-chain (MLC) phosphorylation signaling pathway, which is dependent on the MLC scaffolding protein ALP-1/ALP-Enigma. The other is mediated by the F-actin-binding protein DEB-1/vinculin and is independent of the MLC phosphorylation pathway. In this study, we identified thesvh-7/rtkn-1gene, encoding a homolog of the RhoA-binding protein Rhotekin, as a regulator of axon regeneration in motor neurons. However, we found that RTKN-1 does not function in the RhoA–ROCK–MLC phosphorylation pathway in the regulation of axon regeneration. We show that RTKN-1 interacts with ALP-1 and the vinculin-binding protein SORB-1/vinexin, and that SORB-1 acts with DEB-1 to promote axon regeneration. Thus, RTKN-1 links the DEB-1–SORB-1 complex to ALP-1 and physically connects phosphorylated MLC on ALP-1 to the actin cytoskeleton. These results suggest that TLN-1 signaling pathways coordinate MLC phosphorylation and recruitment of phosphorylated MLC to the actin cytoskeleton during axon regeneration.
Southern Ethiopian skilled birth attendant variations and maternal mortality: A multilevel study of a population-based cross-sectional household survey
Authors: Kea Aschenaki Zerihun , Lindtjørn Bernt , Tekle Achamyelesh Gebretsadik , Hinderaker Sven Gudmund
Published: December 2023

Studies examining skilled birth attendants (SBA) use and its correlation with maternal mortality at lower administrative levels are scarce. This study assessed the coverage and variations of SBA, the physical accessibility of health facilities for SBA, and the association of SBA with maternal mortality. A cross-sectional study using a population-based household survey was conducted in six Sidama National Regional State, southern Ethiopia districts, from July 2019 to May 2020. Women who had given birth in the past two years before the study were included. Stata 15 and ArcGIS 10.4.1 were used for data analysis. A multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of the sampling units and identify factors independently associated with SBA. The association between SBA and maternal mortality was examined using maternal mortality household survey data. A total of 3191 women who had given birth in the past two years and resided in 8880 households sampled for the associated maternal mortality household survey were interviewed. The coverage of SBA was 46.7%, with high variations in the districts. Thirty percent of SBA use was accounted for by the differences among the districts. One-third of the women travel more than two hours on foot to access the nearest hospital. Districts with low coverage of SBA and located far away from the regional referral centre had high maternal mortality. Education of the mother, occupation of the husband, pregnancy-related complications, use of antenatal care, parity, and distance to the nearest hospital and health centre were associated with the use of SBA. The coverage of SBA in the Sidama Region was low, with high variations in the districts. Low SBA use was associated with high maternal mortality. Due attention should be given to districts with low coverage of SBA and those located far away from the referral centre. Access to hospitals has to improve. All women should be encouraged to get antenatal care services.
Dynamics of chikungunya virus transmission in the first year after its introduction in Brazil: A cohort study in an urban community
Authors: Anjos Rosângela O. , Portilho Moyra M. , Jacob-Nascimento Leile Camila , Carvalho Caroline X. , Moreira Patrícia S. S. , Sacramento Gielson A. , Nery Junior Nivison R. R. , de Oliveira Daiana , Cruz Jaqueline S. , Cardoso Cristiane W. , Argibay Hernan D. , Plante Kenneth S. , Plante Jessica A. , Weaver Scott C. , Kitron Uriel D. , Reis Mitermayer G. , Ko Albert I. , Costa Federico , Ribeiro Guilherme S.
Published: December 2023

Background

The first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) outbreaks during the modern scientific era were identified in the Americas in 2013, reaching high attack rates in Caribbean countries. However, few cohort studies have been performed to characterize the initial dynamics of CHIKV transmission in the New World.

Methodology/Principal findings

To describe the dynamics of CHIKV transmission shortly after its introduction in Brazil, we performed semi-annual serosurveys in a long-term community-based cohort of 652 participants aged ≥5 years in Salvador, Brazil, between Feb-Apr/2014 and Nov/2016-Feb/2017. CHIKV infections were detected using an IgG ELISA. Cumulative seroprevalence and seroincidence were estimated and spatial aggregation of cases was investigated. The first CHIKV infections were identified between Feb-Apr/2015 and Aug-Nov/2015 (incidence: 10.7%) and continued to be detected at low incidence in subsequent surveys (1.7% from Aug-Nov/2015 to Mar-May/2016 and 1.2% from Mar-May/2016 to Nov/206-Feb/2017). The cumulative seroprevalence in the last survey reached 13.3%. It was higher among those aged 30–44 and 45–59 years (16.1% and 15.6%, respectively), compared to younger (12.4% and 11.7% in <15 and 15–29 years, respectively) or older (10.3% in ≥60 years) age groups, but the differences were not statistically significant. The cumulative seroprevalence was similar between men (14.7%) and women (12.5%). Yet, among those aged 15–29 years, men were more often infected than women (18.1% vs. 7.4%, respectively, P = 0.01), while for those aged 30–44, a non-significant opposite trend was observed (9.3% vs. 19.0%, respectively, P = 0.12). Three spatial clusters of cases were detected in the study site and an increased likelihood of CHIKV infection was detected among participants who resided with someone with CHIKV IgG antibodies.

Conclusions/Significance

Unlike observations in other settings, the initial spread of CHIKV in this large urban center was limited and focal in certain areas, leaving a high proportion of the population susceptible to further outbreaks. Additional investigations are needed to elucidate the factors driving CHIKV spread dynamics, including understanding differences with respect to dengue and Zika viruses, in order to guide prevention and control strategies for coping with future outbreaks.
A historical evaluation of the disease avoidance theory of xenophobia
Authors: Sunsay Ceyhun
Published: December 2023

Historical psychology is emerging as a multidisciplinary field for studying psychological phenomena in a historical context. Historical records can also serve as testbeds for psychological theories, particularly the evolutionary ones. In Study 1 we aimed to gather evidence to evaluate the disease avoidance theory of xenophobia by analyzing the narratives of European explorers from the15th and 16th centuries. Contrary to the theory’s expectations, the narratives revealed numerous instances of close physical contact between the explorers and the native populations. Furthermore, rather than using disgust-laden words, the explorers portrayed the natives in a positive light. In Study 2, we employed a word embedding algorithm to explore whether native group names and their unfamiliar appearance were associated with disgust-laden words in the 19th century travel literature. The results indicated that while native group names showed such associations, their appearance did not. Finally, through network analysis, we demonstrated that embedded words such as “savages” mediated the perception of native groups as potential disease-threat. The findings highlight the significance of cultural factors that evolve over time, rather than cognitive adaptations believed to have evolved prior to the emergence of human culture, in explaining xenophobia.
‘You’re out on a limb, on your own’: Social care personal assistants’ (PAs’) reflections on working in the Covid-19 pandemic ‐ implications for wider health and care services
Authors: Norrie Caroline , Luijnenburg Olivia , Moriarty Jo , Samsi Kritika , Manthorpe Jill
Published: December 2023

Context

In England, Personal Assistants (PAs) are part of an international trend towards state funded but client-hired or directly employed care workers. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted and exacerbated pre-existing risks and advantages of this arrangement for both PAs and people with care and support needs.

Objectives

We aim to report PAs’ reflections on their experiences of working since the pandemic started in 2020 and highlight the longer-term implications for health and care services.

Methods

We undertook a large-scale, qualitative study in 2016–17 involving interviews with 104 PAs about their working lives. We re-interviewed PAs from this group twice to ask how the pandemic had affected them, once at the start of the pandemic in Spring 2020 and again in December 2021 –April 2022. This article reports findings from the last set of interviews undertaken with 38 PAs. Thematic analysis was conducted of interviews in which PAs discussed changes in tasks and responsibilities, pay and conditions, training, relationships and plans.

Findings

This article focuses on the following themes: PAs’ perceptions of their outsider status; support and training needs; job security; and whether PAs have an appetite for regulation to provide greater professional standing and connections.

Limitations

Interviews in this study were carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic over the telephone or virtually rather than in person so may have missed certain body language or informal relationship building. The sample may be under-representative of non-British PAs. We were unable to triangulate participants’ accounts with others’.

Implications

This study highlights the importance of national and local government including the PA workforce in planning for national emergencies. Consideration should be given by policy makers and local health and care systems to how PAs can be better supported than currently.
Channelized water driven flow of MHD carbon-nanotube nanofluid influenced by rotation, heat source and thermal radiation
Authors: Shams Moniba , Sarwar Sofia
Published: December 2023

The efficiency enhancements of thermal energy systems are made with advancements made in the effective use of thermal solar collectors, operating fluid and the introduction of curved and transparent solar panels. In this paper, we present a prototype theoretical/mathematical model for the carbon nanotube-based curved solar panels combined with the solar thermal collector and the porous rotating channel. The analysis is carried out to study the effect of transversely applied magnetic, rotation of the porous channel, linear thermal radiation and the uniformly distributed heat source on the heat transfer characteristics of the single-walled (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Due to the nonlinearity of the governing momentum and the heat transport equations and the limitation of the exact methods, numerical similarity solutions are obtained for the boundary value problem using the MATLAB functionbvp4c. Influences of different parameters are observed through graphs on the nanofluid flow and temperature profiles. The velocity profile exhibits dual behavior for rising the nanoparticles’ volume fraction, the magnetic parameter, rotation, and the Reynolds number. The temperature profile increases with increasing nanoparticles and heat source parameters and decreases for increasing suction, rotation, Reynolds number, and thermal radiation. In some cases, flow profiles forSWCNTexceed those ofMWCNT.
Poorer subjective mental health among girls: Artefact or real? Examining whether interpretations of what shapes mental health vary by sex
Authors: Phillips Susan P. , Costello Fiona , Gazendam Naomi , Vafaei Afshin
Published: December 2023

Background

Despite reporting poorer self-rated mental health (SRMH) than boys, girls exhibit greater resilience and academic achievement, and less risk taking or death by suicide. Might this apparent paradox be an artefact arising from girls’ and boys’ different interpretations of the meaning of SRMH? We examined whether the indicator, SRMH, had a different meaning for girls and boys.

Methods

In 2021–2, we circulated social media invitations for youth age 13–18 to complete an online survey about their mental health, and which of 26 individual and social circumstances shaped that rating. All data were submitted anonymously with no link to IP addresses. After comparing weightings for each characteristic, factor analyses identified domains for the whole group and for girls and boys.

Results

Poor SRMH was reported by 47% of 506 girls and 27.8% of 216 boys. In general, circumstances considered important to this rating were similar for all, although boys focussed more on sense of identity, self-confidence, physical well-being, exercise, foods eaten and screen time, while girls paid more attention to having a boyfriend or girlfriend, comparisons with peers, and school performance. With factor analysis and common to boys and girls, domains of resilience, behavior/community, family, relationships with peers and future vision emerged. Girls’ poorer SRMH did not arise from a more expansive interpretation of mental health. Instead, it may reflect perceived or real disadvantages in individual or social circumstances. Alternatively, girls’ known greater resilience may propel lower SRMH which they use intuitively to motivate future achievement and avoid the complacency of thinking that ‘all is well’.

Conclusions

The relative similarity of attributes considered before rating one’s mental health suggests validity of this subjective measure among girls and boys.
Patients’, families’ and healthcare providers’ perspectives on end-of-life communication in Chinese hospital settings: A qualitative study protocol
Authors: Chen Weilin , Chung Joyce Oi Kwan , Lam Katherine Ka Wai , Molassiotis Alex
Published: December 2023

Background

Perspectives of key stakeholders should be fully considered to enhance culturally appropriate strategies in end-of-life communication and strengthen healthcare service delivery. So far, little research evidence is available on Chinese patients’, families’, and healthcare professionals’ experiences with and perspectives of end-of-life communication in hospital settings.

Aim

The current study aims to explore experiences, perceptions and suggestions of end-of-life communication among Chinese terminally ill patients, their families and healthcare providers.

Methods

The phenomenology qualitative approach will be adopted. Semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions will be used to collect relevant data. Eligible terminally ill patients, family caregivers and healthcare providers will be recruited in two hospitals in Mainland China via purposive sampling. Thematic analysis will be performed to analyse data. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) checklist will be followed for reporting. This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05734781).

Discussion

This qualitative study is, as far as we are aware, the first to specifically address patient/family-provider end-of-life communication in the Chinese social-cultural context. The results hold the potential to enrich current knowledge of end-of-life communication, navigate culturally appropriate communication strategies, and inform the development of related training programs for healthcare providers in hospital settings.
Roles and micro-chauvinism in youth: A semiotic analysis of expanded theatricalities
Authors: Pradena-García Yasna Patricia , Fernández-Rodríguez Eduardo , Anguita-Martínez Rocío
Published: December 2023

This article analyses the implementation of a theatrical performance for the prevention of micro-chauvinism violence and the promotion of equality created by vocational training students and aimed at secondary school students. Using a qualitative research methodology based on case studies and the use of narratological and semiotic models of theatrical reception, this work focuses on analysing the acting roles of the characters who represent situations of micro-chauvinism in adolescence, and understanding the theatrical performative characteristics of the artistic work. The results allow us to draw conclusions about the advantages of theatre applied to education to diagnose the current situation of youth micro-chauvinism; the orchestration of teaching with a gender perspective through the dramatization of micro-chauvinism among young adolescents; and the choreographies of learning for the promotion of gender equality through theatre applied to education.
Can arts-based interventions reduce children’s peri-operative anxiety in paediatrics? A discussion of representative studies
Authors: Maagerø Lars Harald , Grainger Charlotte , Sextou Persephone
Published: December 2023

This narrative literature review aims to provide a broad scope and objective analysis by identifying and summarizing published works surrounding the current research into how different forms of non-pharmaceutical and non-invasive arts-based methods can be used to reduce children’s peri-operative anxiety in paediatrics. While our search focuses on the peri-operative anxiety context, we build on wider research on the role of the arts in paediatrics and include representative studies from the last five to seven years. We highlight the most current findings in non-invasive interventions for hospitalized children, including primarily applied theatre performance in paediatrics followed by digital arts such as video games, virtual reality and music, to gain a better understanding of the current knowledge of how non-pharmaceutical and non-invasive arts-based methods can further be utilized in surgical procedures and treatments in paediatrics, how arts practitioners and hospital staff can better collaborate in such procedures and what further research is needed in relation to such methods for reducing peri-operative anxiety in children.
Pandemic, theatre and performance: Democratizing the subalterns through the Theatre of the Oppressed
Authors: Debsarma Anirban , Sarkar Sreemoyee
Published: December 2023

The presented work analyses Theatre of the Oppressed (TO) methods impacting the pandemic. It follows the WHO timeline, when the COVID-19 pandemic had cast a dark shadow, making sustenance difficult for the marginalized section of Indian society. TO methods, though reflected, adapted and accommodated exhaustively in Indian applied theatre over the last four decades, offered a fresh, collective, democratic space during the pandemic. Forum theatre (FT) and legislative theatre (LT) praxis rendered a platform for activism, awareness and emancipation of the ‘subalterns’ during the pandemic. Thus, TO renewed psycho-social dialogue and critical, creative, experimental space during this time. The applicability of such methods facilitating social change is gauged using Boal’s ‘spect-actorship’ and Freire’s ‘conscientization’. The article looks forward to the TO signposts to serve as nodal points for further scholarly discussion and study on democratizing the disenfranchised population through FT and LT during the pandemic.
Learning from kaijū fans: Genrifying, cultural value and the ethics of citing fan scholarship
Authors: Rawle Steven
Published: December 2023

This article explores questions of the value of fan scholarship in academia. Taking a look at the labour of anonymous and named kaijū fans, the article examines the place of fan scholarship in academic work and the composition and identities of many kaijū fan-scholars. It considers how the study of seemingly ‘trash’ cinema remains marginal in terms of its acceptance in academic study, but also how fans have tended to reject the work of scholars of their favourite films and TV shows, dismissing it either as too highbrow or as condescending of those films and their own identities. Most problematically, though, such work has been accused of overlooking, or sidelining, the contributions of fan-scholars to wider discussions about the giant monster film. Hence, this article considers how fan scholarship can or must, from an ethical standpoint, contribute to processes of knowledge production. Furthermore, it examines questions of fan labour and genrification in the construction of the kaijū canon online and how this relates to cultural value within academia and beyond. This questions dynamics of insider/outsiderhood in relation to both academia and fandom and the labour of both in understanding their subjects.
Who wants to be a (fan of) Millionaire? Representation and reconsideration in ITV’s Quiz
Authors: Beattie Melissa
Published: December 2023

The three-part miniseries Quiz (ITV 2020) dramatizes the scandal surrounding purported cheating on the series Who Wants to Be a Millionaire (hereafter WWtBaM) in 2001. This article shall examine specific discourses which the miniseries portrays and critiques, in particular the representation of fans, the dramatized preconceptions about fans by the WWtBaM production team and television as a manipulative, profit-driven medium. It ultimately connects the miniseries to a number of contemporary discourses relating to history, television and collective memory to analyse how, as a dramatization, the miniseries invites the audience to both reconsider and recontextualize the events it portrays with the ostensible benefit of hindsight and new perspectives on an emotive event from living memory.
Emo: How Fans Defined a Subculture, Judith Fathallah (2020)
Authors: Strzyczkowski Konstanty
Published: December 2023

Review of: Emo: How Fans Defined a Subculture, Judith Fathallah (2020)

Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Press, 214 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-60938-724-2, p/bk, $29.95

ISBN 978-1-60938-725-9, e-book, $29.95
homo(sapiens): Designing raw and defined material opportunities
Authors: Bågander Linnea
Published: December 2023

This research report reflects on the development of the costume design and choreography of homo(sapiens), a performance piece developed and staged between 2020 and 2022. Materials and costumes played an essential role in the performance, generating the narrative by somatically ‘speaking’ to the wearer. Two categories of somatically choreographic materials were defined through the work: ‘raw material opportunities’ based on the inherent capability of materials to inspire and create movement and form, and ‘defined material opportunities’ in which costumes were designed and formed with a choreography or movement language in mind. Comprehending these two approaches is crucial, as each design method offers, and requires, different choreographic and dramaturgical methods when integrated in a stage-based work.
The length that brings us closer
Authors: Carpenter Laurel Jay
Published: December 2023

Comparing works from the span of the author’s career, ‘The length that brings us closer’ traces a range of connectivity – inter-, intra- and extra-personal – through a reflective analysis of the sculptural wearable in visual performance. The oversized garments in Laurel Jay Carpenter’s durational, live work reposition the performer with a linear length of fabric, combining the body with larger space and situation. In these trailing dresses, the woman is tethered, contained and weighted, but she is also partnered: with architecture, with earth, with herself and with the surrounding community, inverting expectations of her reach to reveal an embodied scale of connection. Collaborating to construct and perform the ‘impossibly long’ red dress of Red Crest (2003), the artist develops an intimacy with the public, an interpersonal encounter that is often the form connection is presumed to take. Other dresses in other performances indicate the elasticity of connective forces, from micro to macro. A deep, intrapersonal focus is evidenced in Again with Gusto (2009), with the riant performer held to a plinth by her outstretched yellow dress. In contrast, in Of Wanting (2017) and Longva+Carpenter’s Lineage (2019), the visuals of these dresses slant towards spectacle – defined by way of feminist new materialism as an excess that breaks norms and compels awe – to manifest an extrapersonal connection, touching what is beyond the known.
Using a digital ‘pocket atelier’ for creative teamwork: What is the impact of digital costume sketching on the professional competence of costume designers?
Authors: Manninen Kirsi
Published: December 2023

This practice-led research sheds light on the potential for digital sketching in the field of costume design. This project provides an opportunity to advance our understanding of the impact of ongoing digital transformation on costume design processes and other design processes related to sketching and creative teamwork. The material for the research was collected from interviews with Finnish professional costume designers about their costume sketching practices. Interviews concentrated on designers who preferred using digital sketching methods in their process. This study focuses on costume sketching, which is when a costume designer creates a costumed character using tactile sketching techniques on a tablet touch screen. The portable device acts as a digital sketchbook for the costume designer; this study assesses the effects of this digital ‘pocket atelier’ through the lens of professional competence. Professional competence in this context refers to the ability of designers to perform work-related tasks within a creative team, such as expressing and communicating ideas by generating costume sketches. When asked about the impact of digital costume design methods, most participants commented that they have found their own way of expressing ideas and visions through digital means, which has increased their sense of professionalism. They further described the use of digital tools as making them feel more valued as members of a creative team. The research results indicate that the digital transformation of the design process has changed costume designers’ perception of their own skills as better matching the needs of the work environment.
El oasis ensangrentado. Violencia y retaguardia en la Vizcaya republicana durante la guerra civil
Authors: Fernández Redondo Iñaki , Ruiz Llano Germán
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo, a través del análisis de las tipologías y desencadenantes de las violencias que se produjeron en la retaguardia republicana vizcaína, pretende proporcionar elementos de reflexión en torno a uno de los interrogantes más recurrentes en el campo de los estudios de la violencia: la variación en los niveles de la misma en contextos de guerra civil.
La imagen militante: representación femenina en el cine documental anarquista de la guerra civil española
Authors: Verdú López Carmen
Published: December 2023

El anarquismo considera la cultura una herramienta emancipadora –social y de género– fundamental dentro del proceso de transformación del individuo y de la sociedad. Este trabajo evalúa si el cine libertario reprodujo los modelos tradicionales de feminidad establecidos por el sistema tradicional de relaciones de género, analizando el discurso, prácticas y símbolos proyectados en la filmografía del Sindicato de la Industria del Espectáculo de Barcelona (sie Films/cnt-fai). Para ello se cuantificará la presencia femenina en los documentales anarquistas identificando su papel en los mismos. La mujer aparece en un bajo porcentaje de tiempo (10 %) y de manera meramente secundaria, marginal y pasiva. Así pues, el discurso de género implícito en el corpus fílmico analizado no se ajusta de manera fiel a los valores teóricos defendidos desde el anarquismo español.
Falange y el nombramiento de gobernadores civiles durante el segundo mandato de Arrese (1956-1957)
Authors: Sanz Hoya Julián
Published: December 2023

Existe un extendido acuerdo historiográfico sobre la relevancia de los gobiernos civiles en la imposición de las políticas de la dictadura franquista en las provincias, por lo que los gobernadores están muy presentes en numerosos estudios sobre la articulación del régimen en la periferia. Con todo, es poco lo que sabemos sobre los procesos de nombramiento y cese de los gobernadores civiles-jefes provinciales del Movimiento, la peculiar unión personal de los cargos principales del Estado y del partido único (FET-JONS) en cada provincia. De hecho, ha sido frecuente el error de atribuir tal nombramiento únicamente al Ministerio de la Gobernación, lo que según algunas interpretaciones vendría a probar la derrota del partido en tanto que mero órgano subordinado al Estado.

Por ello, este artículo explora en detalle esta política de nombramientos a partir del archivo de Diego Salas Pombo, vicesecretario general del Movimiento (1956-1957). La investigación en dicho fondo permite conocer cómo se gestionaban las designaciones y del perfil de los candidatos valorados para tales puestos, propuestos fundamentalmente por la Secretaría General del Movimiento. Los resultados muestran que FET-JONS buscó en todo momento el control de los gobiernos civiles y las jefaturas provinciales, encomendando tales puestos a hombres adictos, por lo general fieles falangistas, fuesen exponentes de la vieja guardia o militantes muy vinculados al aparato del partido, incluyendo a algunos mandos procedentes de las ramas juveniles. Esta política, continuación de la que se venía observando desde principios de los años cuarenta, permitió a FET-JONS ejercer durante el primer franquismo un notable control de los gobiernos civiles y, a través de los mismos, de la política en las provincias.
Indicators for pulmonary hypertension in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease
Authors: Chalermpromma Pasika , Surachetpong Sirilak Disatian
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD) in dogs. This study aimed to determine PH indicators in dogs with stage C DMVD through thoracic radiography and M-mode and 2-dimensional echocardiography.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 133 dogs with DMVD stage C was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups: DMVD and DMVD with PH. Characteristics, thoracic radiographic findings, and echocardiographic variables were recorded for analysis.

Results: Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed in 56 dogs, with a prevalence of 42.1%. Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed associations among PH and right-sided heart enlargement, pulmonary artery enlargement, left ventricular size, and percent fractional shortening. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that pulmonary artery enlargement (odds ratio [OR]: 5.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45-24.54; p = 0.014) and decreased left ventricular size (OR: 0.02; 95%CI: 0.003-0.13; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with PH. The accuracy of predicting PH in dogs at DMVD stage C using pulmonary artery enlargement combined with decreased left ventricular size was moderate (area under the curve [AUC] 0.77; 95%CI: 0.68-0.86).

Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension is common in dogs with DMVD stage C. The presence of pulmonary artery enlargement assessed by radiography and decreased left ventricular size assessed by echocardiography, were associated with PH and may serve as predictors of PH in DMVD stage C.

Keywords: canine, degenerative mitral valve disease, pulmonary hypertension.