bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supressão condicionada: um modelo experimental para o estudo da ansiedade
Authors: Neto Denigés Maurel Regis , Banaco Roberto Alves , Borges Nicodemos Batista , Zamignani Denis Roberto
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma breve perspectiva analítico-comportamental das emoções, a qual justificará a necessidade de estudos na área de supressão condicionada. Posteriormente, apresentar-se-á o modelo experimental da supressão condicionada, enfatizando os arranjos experimentais e descrevendo algumas variáveis envolvidas no fenômeno, relacionadas tanto ao condicionamento reflexo (S-S) quanto ao condicionamento operante (R-S) e que participam da produção de dados com sujeitos não humanos. Em seguida, serão apresentadas as pesquisas com participantes humanos que, utilizando os parâmetros das pesquisas descritas até então, tiveram como objetivo a produção de supressão condicionada, dadas as peculiaridades e os desafios particulares do tipo de participante. Para encerrar o artigo, apresentar-se-á a discussão sobre os pontos que necessitam de aprimoramento e desenvolvimento, visando a evocar nos leitores comportamentos de engajamento nesta linha de pesquisa.
A trava no olho de cada um
Authors: Todorov João Claudio
Published: May 2018

A preocupação com o meio ambiente é cada vez mais generalizada. A questão do aquecimento global hoje envolve disputas entre renomados cientistas, disputas tão acirradas que deixaram o campo acadêmico e invadiram o mundo político. O medo do fim do mundo causado por mudanças climáticas tem sido usado para convencer as pessoas, as empresas e os países a fazerem ou deixarem de fazer coisas, como preservar a Amazônia, separar o lixo, deixar o carro em casa e andar de ônibus, entre centenas de outros comportamentos. Uma consequência do que fazemos agora que só vai acontecer no futuro longínquo causa pouco ou nenhum medo. Se o objetivo é convencer as pessoas a separar o lixo, há argumentos de sobra para serem usados; não precisamos inventar um bicho-papão.
Implicações metodológicas para o estudo do desamparo aprendido em humanos
Authors: Júnior Amilcar Rodrigues Fonseca , Pickart Tataína Iara Moreno , Castelli Maria Cristina Zago
Published: May 2018

O desamparo aprendido pode ser definido como uma dificuldade de aprendizagem encontrada em sujeitos que tiveram uma história prévia com estímulos incontroláveis. No estudo desse fenômeno com humanos, alguns aspectos específicos relacionados ao controle experimental podem interferir na obtenção e na análise dos dados, entre eles: o estímulo empregado na fase de tratamento, a tarefa utilizada na fase de teste (geralmente a resolução de anagramas) e, finalmente, a condição de incontrolabilidade e as questões éticas relacionadas a ela. Estes aspectos foram discutidos criticamente no presente trabalho, considerando suas implicações na análise dos dados.
Esquizofrenia:
Authors: Martone Maria Carolina Correa , Banaco Roberto Alves
Published: May 2018

O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar como a análise do comportamento vem abordando o fenômeno da esquizofrenia. Ele compreende duas partes: (a) descrição dos modelos experimentais animais relacionados a comportamentos esquizofrênicos (i.e., isolamento social, inibição latente e desamparo aprendido) e (b) apresentação de intervenções aplicadas (e.g., economia de fichas e abordagens analítico-funcionais). Os resultados apontam que a esquizofrenia, por ser um quadro multideterminado, continuará exigindo diferentes abordagens de estudo. Acreditamos que o conhecimento mais aprofundado das características biocomportamentais, por meio de modelos animais, bem como a contínua busca de estratégias aplicadas, das quais destacamos o modelo analítico-funcional, serão fatores essenciais para que a análise do comportamento volte a investigar esse fenômeno de modo sistemático, seja em laboratório ou em contextos sociais.
Algumas considerações sobre a terapia de aceitação e compromisso (ACT) e o problema dos valores
Authors: Zilio Diego
Published: May 2018

O objetivo do presente ensaio é discorrer sobre a concepção de valores proposta pela terapia de aceitação e compromisso (ACT), à luz de sua filosofia contextualista funcional. Argumenta-se que o critério pragmático de verdade do contextualismo funcional, quando utilizado na ACT para lidar com a questão valores, pode ocasionar problemas devido ao seu caráter relativista e fundacional.
Comportamento e cultura na perspectiva da análise do comportamento
Authors: Andery Maria Amalia Pie Abib
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo visa a discutir a perspectiva da análise do comportamento para o estudo da cultura. Apresenta-se, inicialmente, o histórico de estudos que tiveram como objeto de estudo o comportamento humano em contextos sociais. Tais estudos foram fundamentais para a compreensão do comportamento social e verbal, demonstrando o potencial explanatório e tecnológico da análise do comportamento. No entanto, os esforços iniciais de investigação sobre comportamento social e sobre o ambiente social (ou a cultura) tomaram a cultura como o contexto no qual comportamento individual ocorre e como variável independente que participa de maneira um tanto vaga do controle do comportamento operante. Apenas tardiamente, discutiu-se na análise do comportamento a possibilidade de se tomar a cultura como foco central de análise, operando uma inversão em relação ao enfoque que tradicionalmente se assume no estudo do comportamento: a cultura passa a ser assumida como o terceiro nível de determinação do comportamento, passa a ser variável dependente. Quando a cultura, ou o ambiente social, passa a ser tomada como fenômeno que precisa ser compreendido para que se possa, de fato, incluí-lo – posteriormente – como determinante do comportamento, surgem novas possibilidades conceituais e de investigação empírica. O artigo termina apontando possibilidades de pesquisas que consideram a cultura como objeto de estudo legítimo da análise do comportamento.
Terapia de Aceitação e Compromisso: É uma Proposta de Intervenção Cognitivista?
Authors: Costa Nazaré
Published: May 2018

A Terapia de Aceitação e Compromisso (ACT), proposta por Steven Hayes no final da década de 1980, tem sido colocada, frequentemente, inclusive pelo seu fundador, no rol das terapias cognitivas e comportamentais. Distintos podem ser os incômodos com a proposta, com sua fundamentação específica (Teoria dos Quadros Relacionais) e com o próprio Hayes. Entretanto, argumenta-se que, mesmo usando termos evitados por grande parte dos analistas do comportamento, como mente e cognição, por exemplo, a ACT consiste em um modelo terapêutico completamente compatível com o Behaviorismo Radical de Skinner e com a Análise do Comportamento. Entre as concepções filosóficas em comum com o Behaviorismo Radical, destacam-se a visão de comportamento como um fenômeno relacional e a de pensamento/cognição como um evento comportamental, e não causal. Assim, neste artigo busca-se discutir em que medida a ACT pode ser caracterizada como um modelo cognitivista ou apenas comportamental de intervenção.
Porque a análise de Baum (2012): “Rethinking reinforcement: allocation, induction and contingency” é importante.
Authors: Simonassi Lorismario Ernesto , Cardoso João Lucas Bernardy , Dos Santos Antônio Carlos Godinho
Published: May 2018

Baum (2012) chama a atenção para as limitações de análises feitas sob um paradigma molecular, mais comumente usada em análise do comportamento, sobretudo na pesquisa básica. Dados coletados apontam para uma função molar do reforçamento: organizar/ ordenar o repertório do organismo. Tal função é observada em análises molares, sobretudo relativas ao comportamento verbal não contingenciado. Mesmo em situação experimental, a exemplo de dados aberrantes presentes no histórico da ciência do comportamento, o comportamento verbal pode parecer bizarro se analisado isoladamente. Em tais casos defende-se que uma análise molar soluciona o problema de forma elegante e plausível. O que não ofusca a importância de uma tradição molecular.
Análise comportamental de um discurso de autoajuda
Authors: Borloti Elizeu , Calixto Fernanda Castanho , Haydu Verônica Bender
Published: May 2018

A Análise Comportamental do Discurso (ACD) especifica eventos antecedentes e consequentes de sentenças-argumento (S-As) emitidas por falantes, identificando possíveis variáveis que controlam e mantêm a combinação dessas sentenças (discurso). Em textos, dentre essas variáveis se destacam aquelas que controlam o leitor. Este estudo aplica a ACD na análise das variáveis específicas que podem ter estabelecido e mantido o discurso de autoajuda no livro O Segredo. S-As foram selecionadas para a ACD, que se constituiu em discriminar e interpretar suas ocorrências, seus eventos antecedentes e consequentes, reinterpretá-las para encontrar exemplos que confirmassem a regularidade de certas funções e autodescrever funcionalmente o comportamento de interpretá-las. Conclui-se que o discurso de autoajuda de O Segredo é marcado por autoclíticos quantificadores, relacionais e descritivos que, juntos com predicação, parecem funcionar para que a propriedade de certeza garanta a popularidade do livro. Esses controles autoclíticos parecem ser a marca funcional dos discursos de autoajuda em geral. Os controles dos autoclíticos relacionais, por exemplo, são as propriedades das relações entre os operantes primários do discurso em O Segredo (eventos antecedentes) e o aumento na probabilidade do seu leitor se comportar de acordo com o modo como essas relações são descritas pela sua autora (as consequências).
O papel das emoções na aprendizagem do comportamento simbólico
Authors: Aggio Natalia Maria , De Almeida João Henrique , Cortez Mariéle Diniz , De Rose Julio C.
Published: May 2018

As emoções estão diretamente envolvidas em comportamentos importantes para a preservação e a reprodução da espécie. É sabido que estímulos originalmente neutros não diretamente relacionados com a sobrevivência e a procriação, como os símbolos, podem, também, controlar respostas emocionais, ainda que sem treino direto. Neste artigo foram discutidos a importância do estudo das emoções e como o ser humano aprende a responder emocionalmente a estímulos inicialmente não diretamente relacionados a eventos emocionais. Foram apresentados resultados de uma linha de pesquisa que, empregando o paradigma da equivalência de estímulos, investigou como estímulos emocionais, ao se tornarem membros de classes de equivalência, transferem seus significados a estímulos neutros. Os resultados dos estudos descritos demonstram como estímulos emocionais influenciam na maneira como atribuímos significado a símbolos e indicam variáveis relevantes para o estabelecimento, modificação e manutenção destes significados. O estudo combinado das emoções e do comportamento simbólico, a partir de um diálogo interdisciplinar entre psicologia evolutiva e análise do comportamento, pode contribuir para o entendimento de aspectos evolutivos e culturais que influenciam o comportamento humano.
Procedimento de Resposta de Observação e Comportamento de Observação
Authors: Pessôa Candido V. B. B. , Tomanari Gerson Y.
Published: May 2018

A expressão resposta de observação foi criada por Wyckoff (1952) para indicar respostas que produzem estímulos discriminativos para outras respostas. A análise dessas respostas esclarece como se dá a discriminação em situações nas quais a exposição aos eventos do ambiente que eventualmente se tornarão estímulos discriminativos não é garantida a priori. Os Estudos de Wyckoff possibilitaram a ampliação das teorias de discriminação baseadas na ação do ambiente sobre os indivíduos. Posteriormente, o procedimento utilizado pelo autor, conhecido por procedimento de resposta de observação, foi grandemente utilizado em pesquisas sobre a origem da função de reforçador condicionado. Os requisitos desse procedimento não podem ser confundidos com o comportamento de observação, sob pena de dificultar o estudo sobre a instalação do comportamento de observação em situações práticas.
Herbicidal weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Singh S P , Yadav R S , Godara S L , Kumawat Amit , . Birbal
Published: May 2018

A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Agriculture Research Station, S K Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during 3 consecutive kharif season of 2014, 2015 and 2016with fourteen weeds control treatments of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PPI), pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha (PE), imazethapyr + pendimethalin 800g/ha, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 900g, imazethapyr + pendamethalin 1000g, imazethapyr 50g, imazethapyr 70g/ha,imazethapyr + imazemox 60g/ha, imazethapyr + imazemox 70g/ha, oxyfluorfen 40g/ha, fenoxaprop p-ethyl 50g/ha, propaquizafop 62g/ha, weed free and weedy check in randomized block design with three replications. Weed free was found most effective to control weeds in groundnut and recorded lowest weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds. Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded efficiently controlled weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds as well as significantly highest yield attribute and yield in groundnut over all the other herbicidal treatments viz. dry matter accumulation (75.2g), number of pods/plant (31.2), pod (2979 kg/ha), haulm (7711 kg/ha) and biological yield (10690 kg/ha). Among the different herbicides, application of imazethapyr + pendamethalin 800g recorded higher net returns of84132/haand B:C ratio of 2.22.
Hepatic stem cells and their enzymatic markers- A review
Authors: Kumar Amit , Sulabh Sourabh
Published: May 2018

Stem cells are those cells which show capacity for self-renewal and ability to give rise to multiple differentiated cellular populations. Enzymatic activity, as a marker for cell proliferation and cell viability, is used by metabolic activity assays. Liver stem cells/progenitor cells can be a useful source of liver treatment. They can repopulate and restore injured liver. Fetal liver stem/ progenitor cells have been found to be more capable in this, but are subjected to ethical issues. Adult liver stem cells and stem cells from animals can be used. Alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase are enzymatic markers of in vitro hepatocyte culture. During in vitro cell culture, in the culture medium, secreted alkaline phosphatase activity increases during exponential growth of cells, whereas low extracellular lactate dehydrogenase activity indicates increased number of viable cells. Alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities can be used to assess hepatocytes proliferation in vitro.
Effect of weed Management practices on the performance of clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba(L.) Taub]
Authors: Brar S. K.
Published: May 2018

A field experiment was undertaken at PAU, Regional Station (Bathinda) to evaluate the effect of weed management practices on the performance of cluster bean [(Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] under AICRP on Arid Legumes during the kharif season of 2015 and 2016. Data revealed that weed dry matter was lowest in case of weed free check (T8) as plots were kept weed free as per the treatment. Among other treatment combinations Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE + Imazethapyr+ Imazamox @ 40g a.i./ha at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T7) produced the lowest weed dry matter closely followed by Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE+ One Intercultivation at 20-25 DAS (T6) and Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE + Imazethapyr @ 40g a.i./ha at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5). WCE was highest in weed free followed by Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE + Imazethapyr+ Imazamox @ 40g a.i./ha at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T7). Highest seed yield was recorded in weed free check followed by Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE + Imazethapyr @ 40g a.i./ha at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T5), Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha + One Intercultivation at 20-25DAS (T6) and Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg a.i./ha as PE + Imazethapyr+ Imazamox @ 40g a.i./ha at 2-3 leaf stage of weeds (T7).
Comparative nutritional quality evaluation of different cultivars of papaya
Authors: Prabha Arun , Modgil Rajni
Published: May 2018

Two cultivars of papaya fruits i.e. seeded and seedless were analyzed for their phsico- chemical and nutritional constituents The parameters studied were weight, length, colour, peel percentage, proximate composition, sugars, pH, acidity energy value and vitamin C content. Results of study revealed the cultivar differences were there in the physico –chemical and nutritional constituents of papaya fruit cultivars. The physical characterstics viz; length, weight, diameter, and peel percentage was higher in the seeded variety. Whereas, edible portion, crude protein. ash, crude fat and crude fiber, TSS, acidity, energy, b carotene, total sugars and ascorbic acid were higher in the seedless papaya except moisture which was in higher amount in seeded cultivar of papaya . High amounts of the edible portion, low content of peel and seeds indicates enormous potential of seedless papaya fruit for the commercial exploitation.
Studies on combining ability in high yielding drought tolerant mungbean genotypes under West Bengal condition
Authors: Sen M , De D K
Published: May 2018

Combining ability analysis was carried out in an 8x8 half-diallel fashion in mungbean to understand the combining ability, nature of gene action for thirteen yield and its components in 28 hybrids and their 8 parents. These 8 genotypes were already classified into drought tolerant and drought susceptible types from a laboratory study where PEG (6000) (-3) bar was used to impose drought stress against control for studying the seedling characters. The analysis of variance due to combining ability for the thirteen yield attributing traits in F1 population and their parents revealed that variances due to GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters indicating that these traits were controlled by both additive and non-additive gene action. Results also showed that cross combinations producing significantly superior SCA effect generally involved one of the parents with good GCA effect and the other had been either medium or poor combiner. Transgressive breeding has been opined to be useful in such cases. After compilation of the results it was found that only two cross combinations viz. SML-286(S) x B-1(T) and PDM-54(T) x K-851(T) were superior performers with respect to 7 and 5 characters including yield. Therefore, progeny of these two crosses may be pursued for obtaining lines with higher yield and tolerance to drought.
Introduction of New Theory for Hand Hygiene Surveillance: Healthcare Environment Theory
Authors: Kurtz Sharon Lea
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to introduce a theoretical foundation, the healthcare environment theory (HET), tested in a quantitative, cross-sectional, overt observational study measuring the association of demographic variables with consistent hand hygiene compliance of the ICU nurse.

Methods:

Six environments found in a hospital ICU setting (family, church, work, administration, community, and culture) work bi-directionally to influence and be influenced by the nurse, simultaneously influencing each of the other environments in a multidirectional manner. The HET was used as the theoretical foundation for a study, which included a convenience sample of registered nurses (RNs) from five ICUs (64 participating RNs) in four hospitals in Texas who were observed for a total of 18 days (144 hours). The desired sample size of 613 hand hygiene opportunities for each ICU was obtained in 3 days of observation at 3 ICUs, 4 days in one ICU, and 5 days in one ICU. The six environments were used to support the results observed.

Results:

Through the variables of age and having children, hand hygiene rates were influenced by the family environment. Community environment was associated with a change in hand hygiene behavior in hospital hand hygiene rates in regards to age of the nurse. Younger nurses had higher hand hygiene compliance rates than older nurses.

Implications for Practice:

The different hospital environments surrounding the nurse can be used to explain hand hygiene compliance rates in association with demographic variables.
EGE ÜNİVERSİTESİ ZİRAAT FAKÜLTESİ’NDE İNOVASYON SÜRECİ ve KÜLTÜRÜ
Authors: BOYACI Murat
Published: May 2018

Bu araştırmada; Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat
Fakültesi (EÜZF)’deki inovasyon süreci 112 akademisyenden anket yoluyla
derlenen veriler kullanılarak, incelenmiştir. Veriler yüzdeler, ortalamalar,
T-testi, regresyon analizi,
faktör analizi yardımıyla yorumlanmıştır. Akademisyenlerin bazı kişisel özellikleri, fakülte
eğitimine yönelik görüşleri, araştırma hedefleri, bilgi ve finansman kaynakları
saptanmıştır. EÜZF’deki araştırma bulgularının %14 kadarı çiftçiler/hedef
gruplar tarafından benimsenmektedir. İnovasyon süreci (fikirden çiftçi
tarlasına) 10.1 yıl sürmektedir. Faktör analizi sonucuna göre fakültedeki
kurumsal yenilikçilik unsurları; yaratıcı-paylaşımcı felsefe, araştırma
özellikleri, iletişim ve güven şeklinde tanımlanan dört faktör grubu altında
toplanmıştır. Fakültede ders içerikleri ve araştırma konularının kararlaştırılmasında
küresel düşünülmesine karşın, yerel davranılmamaktadır. İnovasyon sürecinde
yerel sorun ve öncelikler orijinal fikirler için fırsat olarak düşünülmelidir.
Gözlenen negatif entropi fakültede inovatif kültürü engellemektedir. İnovasyon
sürecinin geliştirilmesi için fakültede katılımcı, esnek ve öğrenen örgüt
kültürü içselleştirilmelidir. Şeffaf yönetim anlayışı, güvenilir iş ortamı,
sağlıklı bilgi paylaşımı, ekip çalışması, net tanımlanan hedefler, projelere
hızlı destek, araştırmalarda yeni tekniklerin/teknolojilerin kullanımı,
araştırma sonuçlarının katkılarının izlenmesi, finansman kaynaklarında
çeşitlilik ve sektörle güçlü ilişkiler fakültede inovatif kültürün
sürdürülebilirliğini sağlayacaktır.
Uma proposta de descrição estrutural para resultativas
Authors: Knöpfle Andrea
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma proposta de descrição estrutural para construções resultativas, conhecidas na literatura técnica por apresentarem uma semântica de resultado sobre um objeto afetado pelo verbo e preexistente à ação verbal. Sintaticamente, são expressadas na sequência (tipicamente não descontínua) [DPNOM VPRINCIPAL DPACC AP], exemplificadas com o dado do alemão: Er raucht Lungen kaputt – ELE FUMA PULMÕES ESTRAGADOS – ‘Ele fuma de forma que pulmões ficam estragados’. Tal construção é tipicamente produtiva em línguas ocidentais germânicas, representadas nesse artigo com dados do inglês, alemão e holandês. Para a análise, leva-se em conta principalmente as característias aspectuais da construção, em que a telecidade é construída composicionalmente na sequência [V DPACC AP]. Propõe-se a existência de um núcleo funcional de natureza aspectual, responsável pelo licenciamento sintático da construção. Como evidência para a existência desse núcleo, tomam-se as construções resultativas que ocorrem na presença de partícula verbal, partícula essa argumentada neste artigo como sendo de natureza aspectual.
Um rascunho para a semântica de muito: explorando a Semântica de Delineação
Authors: Oliveira Roberta Pires de , Souza Luisandro Mendes de
Published: May 2018

Este artigo propõe uma semântica para muito modificador de verbos.  Essa proposta estende a Semântica de Delineação (KLEIN, 1980; BURNETT, 2014; 2015) para o domínio dos eventos. muito P, em suas várias manifestações (modificando verbos, adjetivos ou nomes), é uma função que denota o conjunto dos que estão na extensão positiva do predicado. A análise assume que há eventos na ontologia (PARSONS, 1990), que se estruturam em reticulados (KRIFKA, 1983; ROTHSTEIN, no prelo). A comparação com advérbios como a lot (‘muito’; inglês) e beaucoup (‘muito’; francês) mostra esses modificadores compartilham leituras (frequência, duração e quantidade de objetos ou suas partições) e restrições (i.e. não se combinam com accomplishments). Com estados, esses advérbios produzem leitura de intensidade, porque estados são de-adjetivais e adjetivos ordenam os objetos em extensões positivas, negativas ou vagas. Explicamos as leituras e as restrições assumindo que muito pressupõe mais de um (de eventos, de momentos no tempo, de objetos ou porções de objetos) e opera sobre ordenações dadas na ontologia, mas indicadas contextualmente pela classe de comparação.
Designer Oncolytic Adenovirus: Coming of Age
Authors: Baker Alexander T. , Aguirre-Hernandez Carmen , Hallden Gunnel , Parker Alan L.
Published: May 2018

The licensing of Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-Vec) represented a landmark moment for oncolytic virotherapy, since it provided unequivocal evidence for the long-touted potential of genetically modified replicating viruses as anti-cancer agents. Whilst T-Vec is promising as a locally delivered virotherapy, especially in combination with Immune-checkpoint inhibitors, the quest continues for a virus capable of specific tumour cell killing via systemic administration. One candidate is oncolytic Adenovirus; it’s double stranded DNA genome is easily manipulated and a wide range of strategies and technologies have been employed to empower the vector with improved pharmacokinetics and tumour targeting ability. As well characterised clinical and experimental agents we have detailed knowledge of Adenoviruses mechanisms of pathogenicity, supported by detailed virological studies and in vivo interactions. In this review we highlight the strides made in the engineering of bespoke adenoviral vectors to specifically infect, replicate within, and destroy tumour cells. We discuss how mutations in genes regulating adenoviral replication after cell entry can be used to restrict replication to the tumour, and summarise how detailed knowledge of viral capsid interactions enable rational modification to eliminate native tropisms, and simultaneously promote active uptake by cancerous tissues. We argue that these designer-viruses, exploiting the viruses natural mechanisms and regulated at every level of replication, represent the ideal platforms for local overexpression of therapeutic transgenes such as immunomodulatory agents. Where T-Vec has paved the way, Ad based vectors now follow. The era of designer oncolytic virotherapies looks decidedly as though it will soon become a reality.
Reelin Haploinsufficiency and Late-Adolescent Corticosterone Treatment Induce Long-Lasting and Female-Specific Molecular Changes in the Dorsal Hippocampus
Authors: Schroeder Anna , van den Buuse Maarten , Hill Rachel A.
Published: May 2018

Reelin depletion and stress seem to affect similar pathways including GABAergic and glutamatergic signaling and both are implicated in psychiatric disorders in late adolescence/early adulthood. The interaction between reelin depletion and stress, however, remains unclear. To investigate this, male and female heterozygous reelin mice (HRM) and wildtype (WT) controls were treated with the stress hormone, corticosterone (CORT), during late adolescence to simulate chronic stress. Glucocorticoid receptors (GR), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) subunits, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67) and parvalbumin (PV) were measured in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in adulthood. While no changes were seen in male mice, female HRM showed a significant reduction in GR expression in the dorsal hippocampus. In addition, CORT reduced GR levels as well as GluN2B and GluN2C subunits of NMDAr in the dorsal hippocampus in female mice only. CORT furthermore reduced GluN1 levels in the PFC of female mice. The combined effect of HRM and CORT treatment appeared to be additive in terms of GR expression in the dorsal hippocampus. Female-specific CORT-induced changes were associated with overall higher circulating CORT levels in female compared to male mice. This study shows differential effects of reelin depletion and CORT treatment on GR and NMDAr protein expression in male and female mice, suggesting that females are more susceptible to reelin haploinsufficiency as well as late-adolescent stress. These findings shed more light on female-specific vulnerability to stress and have implications for stress-associated mental illnesses with a female bias including anxiety and major depression.
Pengaruh Kemasan dan Susunan terhadap Sifat Fisik Buah Mangga Golek selama Transportasi
Authors: Amanto Bambang Sigit
Published: May 2018

Packaging has been designed for degrade of vibration and presser that to create broken and injury during transportation. The broken and injury fruit impact respiration process and to be continued. Mango fruit that injury impact respiration process. The aims of research was to study of physic characteristic of mango fruit “golek’’ to kind of packaging and setting in the packaging during transportation. The result of research was (1) There isn’t really impact to very really impact at the treatment of the fruit sstting to change colour, hardness and removal weight in packaging during transportation, (2) There isn’t really impact to very really impact at the treatment of kind of packaging to change colour and removal weight during transportation, (3) Packaging that been made from bamboo (basket) giving a the best of value was compared the others packaging to hardness of mango fruit during transportation.
Pengaruh Rehabilitasi DAM Lodan terhadap Produksi dan Pendapatan Petani (Studi Kasus di Desa Lodan, Kab. Rembang)
Authors: Supanggyo Supanggyo
Published: May 2018

The research objectives were to identify Dam Lodan rehabilitation and influencing to production and farm income. The research with survey method, and descriptive analysis. The research was carried out Lodan village, Sarang District, Rembang. The research findings indicated that production and farm income to increased, after the Dam Lodan rehabilited. Padi to increased 171,75% and farm income 169,75%. The sensitivity analysis indicated, when the construction cost increasing 10% and the benefit decreasing 10%, EIRR= 12,03, NPV= 872,740 and B/C Ratio= 1,45.
Kajian Cara Tanam Jagung Bayi (Zea mays L.) dan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) terhadap Besarnya Erosi pada Lahan Miring
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: May 2018

The objective of this research was understanding the impact of planting method to N and P element in the soil (swapt away by erosion) of aslant land, determining the best planting method and plant variety that has best ability to reduce erosion of N and P element. This research employed erosion block for seasonal plants with 30O of declivity. Erosion of N and P element examined by analyzing the soil swept away by erotion every 5 days. Analysis of N and P element included available N, total N, available P and total P. Then the data was analyzed with T-test at 95% level confidence.

Conclusion taken from this research were: 1) Planting method reduce availble P and total P element, respectively as much as 15% and 20%, but there was no significant difference between available N and total P, 2) There was significant difference between available P and total P, when the variety of plant and combination was employed as a treatment variation, 3) Pennisetum purpureum planted by using equidistant method reduce N and P element in the soil, respectively as much as 15% and 20%.
Potensi Penetralisir Radikal Bebas Rimpang Temu Lawak (Curcuma xanthoriza Roxb.) dan Temu Ireng (Curcuma Aerugonosa Roxb.)
Authors: Ariviani Setyaningrum
Published: May 2018

Solvent with different polarity used used in extraction of antioxidant compound from temu Lawak  (Curcuma xanthoriza Roxb.) and Temu Ireng (Curcuma Aerugonosa Roxb.) spices. The solvent are Enthanol and acetone. Antioxidant extracts were analyzed in “neutralizer free radical” activity with DPPH Radical Scavenging Method. The activity compared with synthetic antioxidant BHA.

Result of the research  perform that Temu Lawak and Temu Ireng spices were potential as neutralizer free radical. Antioxidant extract of Temu Lawak spices have higher activity than Temu Ireng spices extract. The “neutralizer free radical” activity of 1% Temu Lawak extract is 1,9 times 300 ppm BHA activity, and 1% Temu Ireng extract is 1,24 times 300 ppm BHA activity. Solvent influential at “neutralizer free radical” activity of Temu Ireng spices extract, but it doesn’t influential at Temu lawak spices extract.
Peran Pertanian Organik Berbasis Ternak dalam Mendukung Ketersediaan Pangan Sehat dan Aman dn Mencapai Kelestarian Pertanian-Lingkungan
Authors: Widjajanto Didik Wisnu , Honmura T.
Published: May 2018

Practicing intensive agriculture by implementing chemical substances in agriculture systems have been suspected cause problem on environment. Increase content of nitrate in drinking water and aquatic systems and greenhouse gases status of atmosphere may be due to the miss-practice of agricultural activity. Organic farming (OF) is one of techniques that may be implemented in order to solve this problem. Besides, its benefit in maintaining agro-environmental sustainability, practicing OF has weakness in the field. Therefore, to achieve its goal suitable strategy is needed. In the OF based on livestock, integration of crop-livestock-soil may occur, where among those three interact one each other and therefore ideal system (Zero wastes) may be established. Improvement of pasture increase, highly forage crop productivity and availability is expected influence on the performance of livestock. On the other hand, the return of animal wastes into pasture may tend to decrase the risk of environmental pollution.
Prospek Agribisnis Berbasis Tanaman Hias Usaha Bungan Sedap Malam dan Anggrek Vanda Douglas (Tinjauan Khusus Usahatani, Harga dan Permintaan)
Authors: Santosa Agus
Published: May 2018

Along with development era and change of generation caused the revolution of cultivation and culture of Indonesian people, in term of good and service consumption. Demand of esthetic needs take a lot portion. This condition give opportunity for market player Ornamental Plant in many kinds of product to fulfill esthetic need for consumer. This paper object: 1) to show the business prospect on the several activity of Ornamental Plant business, and 2) to show the trend of Ornamental Plant demand. The method used Literature Study from many result of the research about Ornamental Plant by Agriculture Faculty at UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta.

Result of the research indicate that: 1) “Sedap Malam” flower farm by 230 farmers in Grabag Sub-District at Magelang District is profitable as much Rp. 23,718,753,- per hectare per year or Rp. 6,773,585,- per month, 2) Business of orchid cutting flower (Vanda Douglas) at UD. Vanditia in Mlati Sub-District, Sleman Regency of Yogyakarta for the first three years is profitable as much Rp. 345,916,725,- per hectare or Rp. 115,303,575,- per year per hectare with profit rate 56% per year per hectare, 3) Demand of Vanda Douglas orchid cutting flower in Borobudur Park at Magelang Regency and Vanditia Farm fluctuated that influence by religious event, price of another orchid, and price of Vanda Douglas orchid.
In conclusion, Agribusiness on Ornamental Plant is proved have profitable and prospect to develop in the next period (era)
Tampilan Kadar Asam Lemak Omega-3 dan Kolesterol Telur Ayam Konsumsi yang Diberi Ransum Mengandung Limbah Minyak Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella longiceps)
Authors: Riyanto Joko
Published: May 2018

The experiment was conducted to find of the effects of using sardine oil in rations on the performance of laying hens and quality eggs, especially the omega-3 fatty acids content in the chicken egg. There were four group of in this experiment: L0 (commercial feed) as control treatment, L1 (L0+5% sardine oil), L2 (L0+10% sardine oil) and L3 (L0+15% sardine oil). Data analyzed Completely Randomized Design (CDR) and each group consisted 24 quails. Results of this research showed that there are has a significant (P<0,05) effects on laying hens performance productions. The used of sardine oil in rations significantly influenced the omega-3 fatty acids and cholesterol content (P<0,05). The omega-3 fatty acid content on the egg consumption from the used of sardine oil in rations was highly (P<0,05) and the cholesterol content lower (P<0,05) than not the used of sardine oil in rations. The result showed that used of sardine oil in rations made the performance of laying hens better than the used of control rations. The increasing of sardine oils usage in rations to increased the omega-3 fatty acids content and to decrease of cholesterol content in the chicken egg. It was concluded that using sardine oil in the rations gave effect on the good performance of laying hens.
Langkah Menuju Industri Peternakan Sapi Bali di Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) Melalui Peternakan Terpadu Tanpa Limbah: Suatu Ulasan
Authors: Dradjat Adji S , Abdullah U
Published: May 2018

Three decades ago, West Nusa Tenggara or Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) was a resource of Bali cattle meat, to either provides national supply or export. However, since the year 2000, meat supply from NTB has been limited and there has been decreasing Bali cattle productivity. Low productivity of Bali cattle has been caused by severals factors such as: traditional way, in a small scale number cattle, in a relatively small size of land with limitation of feed availability in raising cattle. On the other hand, rice straw which potential for cattle feeding, has been burned which may induce pollution. In addition, cattle manure was also thrown to the field or to the river which may spread parasites infestation. As a consequuence, under NTB condition, Bali cattle has low productivity, with high cost of raising. Application of mixed farming may lead farm efficiency by reducing feeding cost, by using rice straws and processing manure as organic fertilizer. Mixed farming may provide solution to NTB farmers by leading zero waste and by inducing environmental friendly (eco-farming). Under mixed farming system, in order to improve cattle production, appropriate technology are essential to be implemented. Hopefully, production of Bali cattle and others agricultural comodities may increase optimally. Finally, higher income can be obtained and farmers may have a better live.
Pemanfaatan Gawangan Tanaman Sawit Produktif untuk Produksi Ubijalar (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.)
Authors: Agusta H , Setiawan A , Purnamawati H , Atmoko W , Sugiarto T , Rai A
Published: May 2018

The purpose of the study was to test the production capability of 9 sweet potato genotypes under various oil palm shading levels. The field experiment on 7 and 8 year old plantation of oil palm was conducted at Cikabayan Research Station of Bogor Agricultural University from August 2003 to March 2004 and from January 2005 to June 2005. At the first experiment, eight sweet potato genotypes (cultivar Sukuh, cultivar Jago, BB. 96001.2, BB. 97096.4, AB. 94065.10, cultivar IR Melati, BB. 97020.10 and BB. 94572.2) were planted under four oil palm shading levels (90%, 79%, 68% dan 40%). At the second experiment, cultivar Shiroyutaka was planted undershading levels of 92.4%, 90.6%, 89.3%, 86.5%, 0% shading level (100% of sun light transmission) was used as a control at the both experiments.
The result showed, that oil palm shading levels from 40%-90% decreased tuber and crown production. Genotype AB. 94065.10 was that most tolerant genotype to oil palm shading. Cultivar Sukuh was medium tolerant. The other genotypes were very susceptible againts the low light transmission stress.
Prospek Pengembangan Integrasi Usaha Peternakan di Indonesia
Authors: Diwyanto Kusuma , Priyanti A , Saptati R A
Published: May 2018

Growth of animal husbandry require to be supported by various production equipment, one of them is feed availability. Feed material source of energy come from corn, cassava, paddy bran, grist bran, sago and others, while feed materials source of protein come from soybeans by product, fish meal, leaf leguminous, blood flour and others. Feed materials contain fibrous are grass, paddy hay, sugar cane sprout, husk of cacao and by-product from agriculture food crop represent the feed materials which is exploited for the livestock of ruminants, like cattle, sheep or goat. Opportunity to use agriculture by-product as feed in livestock will represent the challenge and at the same time also to optimize local resources which during the time not yet been exploited efficiently. On the other side, animal husbandry has the constraint in the case of supplying the demand of meat and animal stock. Through the approach  of LEISA (low external input sustainable agriculture), every hectare agriculture field can produce feed material for feeding 2-3 cattle. In this case, livestock personating as compost factory, together with crop by product, which is finally the compost utilized as organic fertilizer for crop. In the effort improving livestock population with the low production cost, pattern of integration between livestock with the plantation and forest, needs to be developed through technical, social and also economic. One of the success key from this pattern in there no materials which unused, and also exploiting innovate correctly and efficient. Through pattern applying integration crop and livestock by external approach of low input, will be provide a livestock product that have a competitive value. For the reason, in the future livestock production through the integration system with crop become enough to draw and have good enough opportunity to be achieved.
Identifikasi Cemaran Limbah Industri Soun dan Alternatif Penanganannya
Authors: Parnanto Nur Her Riyadi
Published: May 2018

Soun (Pectin spagetty) industries which has growed many on Klaten district, has had caused environmental polution especially on stream water and ambient air. Identification which carried out in this research purposed to look for how far polution has gone and than give the alternative for handling it. Aerobic system is the most one for operate to solve this polution which dominated by organic material
Triangular Similarities of Facial Features to Determine: The Relationships Among Family Members
Authors: Kumar Y. B. Ravi , Narayanappa C. K. ,   Visveswaraya Technological University, Belagavi Sri Chamundeshwari Amma Nilaya Dno 514, Behind Telephone Exchange Yelwala, Mysore, Karnataka 571130, India,   M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology M S R Nagar, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560054, India
Published: May 2018

An image can be represented in the form of patterns of intensities, with the objects of an image appearing in the form of a pattern on an X-Y plane. The two patterns of intensities of two corresponding facial images are measured by calculating the areas of right triangles formed from patterns in a Cartesian coordinate system. The purpose of representing patterns of intensities in the Cartesian coordinate system is to measure the percentage of similarities that exists between two facial images, similarities inherent in photographs. The percentage is measured by incorporating the proposed technique of areas that are common between two patterns of intensities. The pattern 1 produces areas of right triangles of a parent with respect to areas of right triangles of a child. The strategy of measuring the facial similarities between two patterns of intensities is dependent on the areas of pattern 1 that have commonalities with the areas of pattern 2. This helps in the measuring of the facial similarities between two patterns of intensities. The proposed method has yielded results of 71.3, 77.1, 71.3, and 70.5 percent of similarity on the dataset KinfaceW-I and 80.7, 82.1, 80.6, 81.1 on the dataset KinfaceW-II.
Automated Femoral Stem Canal Fill Ratio Evaluation for Bipolar Hip Arthroplasty in 2D X-Ray Image
Authors: Uozumi Yosuke , Nagamune Kouki , Oe Keisuke ,   Research Division on Advanced Information Technology, Cyberscience Center, Tohoku University 6-6-05 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan,   Department of Human and Artificial Intelligence Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, Japan,   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan
Published: May 2018

A stem loosening is one of the significant problem in the bipolar hip arthroplasty (BHA), causes a pain and instability of a patient’s hip, and requires a further surgery of BHA. A stem canal fill ratio (SCFR), a general evaluation of the stem loosening, have been clinically studied many; however, a determination of the optimal SCFR evaluation has not been still understood well. A purpose of this study is to propose an automatic and quantitative evaluation of SCFR from BHA hip X-ray image. A proposed method segmented the femoral canal and stem, and evaluated SCFR. In experiments, a proposed method’s accuracy was validated, and six BHA patients’ SCFRs were clinically evaluated (age 88±7 (74–93), one male / five females). In result of the proposed method’s accuracy, the femur canal was 90.60±3.65%, and the stem was 97.83±0.46%; therefore, the proposed method had the accuracy to well evaluate SCFR. Result of six BHA patients’ SCFRs was 63.70±5.62%. In conclusion, the proposed method was able to automatically evaluate SCFR from the hip X-ray image with BHA.
Multiobjective Two-Level Fuzzy Random Programming Problems with Simple Recourses and Estimated Pareto Stackelberg Solutions
Authors: Yano Hitoshi ,   Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagoya City University 1 Yamanohata, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8501, Japan
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we focus on multiobjective two-level fuzzy random programming problems with simple recourses, in which multiple objective functions are involved in each level, shortages and excesses resulting from the violation of the constraints with fuzzy random variables are penalized, and sums of the objective functions and expectation of the amount of the penalties are minimized. To deal with such problems, the concept of estimated Pareto Stackelberg solutions of the leader is introduced under the assumption that the leader can estimate the preference of the follower as a weighting vector of the weighting problems. Employing the possibility measure for fuzzy numbers, weighting method for multiobjective programming problems, and Kuhn-Tucker approach for two-level programming problems, a nonlinear optimization problem under complementarity conditions is formulated to obtain the estimated Pareto Stackelberg solutions for the leader. A numerical example illustrates the proposed method for a multiobjective two-level fuzzy random programming problem with simple recourses. Several types of estimated Pareto Stackelberg solutions are derived corresponding to the weighting vectors and permissible possibility levels specified by the leader.
2D Direction Histogram-Based Rényi Entropic Multilevel Thresholding
Authors: Yimit Adiljan ,   Faculty of Science and Engineering, Iwate University 4-3-5 Ueda, Morioka-city, Iwate 020-8551, Japan, Hagihara Yoshihiro
Published: May 2018

2D histogram-based thresholding methods, in which the histogram is computed from local image features, have better performance than 1D histogram-based methods, but they take much more computation time. In this paper, we present a Rényi entropic multilevel thresholding (REMT) method based on a 2D direction histogram constructed from pixel values and local directional features. In addition to presenting a fast recursive method for REMT, we propose the Rényi entropic artificial bee colony multilevel thresholding (REABCMT) method to quickly find the optimal threshold values. In order to demonstrate the efficacy of REABCMT, three versions of this method are compared in terms of computation time and optimal threshold values. In addition, the segmentation performance of REABCMT is also evaluated by comparing it with two other methods to show its effectiveness. Moreover, in order to evaluate the efficiency and stability of using the ABC algorithm in the search for threshold values, genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), two common optimization algorithms, are also compared with it.