bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment and Validation of the Pet-Owner Relationship Scale for Brazil
Authors: Lopes Luis Felipe Dias , Lopes Eduarda Grando , Lima Mauren Pimentel , Pegoraro Daniela , Saragozo Rosangela Arruda , Lauz Thais Ribeiro , Santos Joana Vieira
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the cat-owner/dog-owner relationship scales. The method involved several stages: conceptual, item, semantic, operational, measurement, and functional equivalence. Procedures included translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, consensus on the English versions, external evaluation by the original authors, expert committee evaluation, and pre-tests. The study surveyed 234 pet owners across Brazil using a 20-item questionnaire. Data analysis utilized confirmatory factor analysis, covariance-based modeling, and multigroup analysis. The study confirmed the content and construct validity of the model, demonstrating good convergent validity. Hypotheses testing revealed significant inverse relationships between Perceived Cost and Perceived Emotional Closeness, and between Perceived Cost and Pet-Owner Interactions. A positive correlation was found between Perceived Emotional Closeness and Pet-Owner Interactions, with Perceived Emotional Closeness also mediating the relationship between Perceived Cost and Pet-Owner Interactions. No significant differences were found across different pet owner groups, indicating the scale's invariance and reliability across various demographics. The study significantly expands understanding of the complex dynamics in pet-owner relationships and emphasizes the interplay between emotional and practical factors. It offers valuable insights for future research and practices in animal and human welfare.
Innovative Solutions for Worn Fingerprints: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Fingerprint Impression and 3D Printing
Authors: Mao Wenhui , Zhao Yadong , Pavlenko Petro , Chen Yihan , Shi Xuezhi
Published: March 2024

Fingerprint recognition systems have achieved widespread integration into various technological devices, including cell phones, computers, door locks, and time attendance machines. Nevertheless, individuals with worn fingerprints encounter challenges when attempting to unlock original fingerprint systems, resulting in disruptions to their daily activities. This study explores two distinct methods for fingerprint backup: traditional fingerprint impression and 3D printing technologies. Unlocking tests were conducted on commonly available optical fingerprint lock-equipped cell phones to assess the efficacy of these methods, particularly in unlocking worn fingerprints. The research findings indicated that traditional fingerprint impression method exhibited high fidelity in reproducing fingerprint patterns, achieving an impressive unlocking success rate of 97.8% for imprinting unworn fingerprints. However, when dealing with worn fingerprints, traditional fingerprint impression technique showed a reduced unlocking success rate, progressively decreasing with increasing degrees of finger wear. In contrast, 3D printed backup fingerprints, with image processing and optimization of ridge height, mitigated the impact of fingerprint wear on unlocking capability, resulting in an unlocking success rate of 84.4% or higher. Thus, the utilization of 3D printing technology proves advantageous for individuals with severely worn or incomplete fingerprints, providing a viable solution for unforeseen circumstances.
Biodiesel Production and Evaluation Using Chlorella vulgaris That Has Been Grown in Industrial Dairy Wastewater
Authors: Adiyaksa Ilham Putra , Ozaltin Kadir , di martino Antonio
Published: March 2024

In this study, we used Chlorella vulgaris (C.vulgaris) grown in the dairy wastewater as biomass to produce a third-generation biodiesel. The lipids were extracted from the biomass and the biodiesel obtained by transesterification. Following ASTM and EN guidelines, the biodiesel was assessed along with its density, viscosity, heating value, and flash point. Gas chromatography was used to evaluate the concentration, composition, and type of fatty acid methyl esters. The results showed a biodiesel yield of 93% with a composition of 33% saturated, 28% monounsaturated, and 37% polyunsaturated. Engine testing was carried out to monitor the levels of CO, CO2, NOx, and smoke emissions as well as to assess the biodiesel performance. Results demonstrate the possibility of producing third-generation biodiesel from C. Vulgaris cultivated in dairy wastewater. The proposed process valorize the dairy wastewater and might represent an alter-native approach for biodiesel production and the disposal of the wastewater.
Unraveling Shikimate Dehydrogenase Inhibition by 6-Nitroquinazoline-2,4-diol and its Impact on Soybean and Maize Growth
Authors: Almeida Aline Marengoni , Abrahão Josielle , Seixas Flavio Augusto Vicente , Bueno Paulo Sergio Alves , Oliveira Marco Aurélio Schüler de , Tomazini Larissa Fonseca , Constantin Rodrigo Polimeni , dos Santos Wanderley Dantas , Marchiosi Rogério , Ferrarese-Filho Osvaldo
Published: March 2024

The shikimate pathway is crucial for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants and represents a promising target for developing new herbicides. This work aimed to identify inhibitors of shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH), a key enzyme of the shikimate pathway that catalyzes the conversion of 3-dehydroshikimate to shikimate. Virtual screening and molecular docking were performed on the SDH active site of Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSDH), and 6-nitroquinazoline-2,4-diol (NQD) was identified as a potential inhibitor. In vitro assays showed that NQD decreased the activity of AtSDH by reducing Vmax while keeping KM unchanged, indicating noncompetitive inhibition. In vivo, hydroponic experiments revealed that NQD reduced the root length of soybean and maize. Additionally, NQD increased the total protein content and certain amino acids. Soybean roots uptake NQD more efficiently than maize roots. Furthermore, NQD reduced shikimate accumulation in glyphosate-treated soybean roots, suggesting its potential to restrict the flow of metabolites along the shikimate pathway in soybean. Simultaneous treatment of maize seedlings with glyphosate and NQD accumulated gallic acid in the roots, indicating that NQD inhibits SDH in vivo. Overall, the data indicate that NQD inhibits SDH both in vitro and in vivo, providing valuable insights into the potential development of herbicides targeting SDH.
Charting the Ethical Frontier in Newborn Screening: Insights from the NBSTRN ELSI Researcher Needs Survey
Authors: Unnikumaran Yekaterina , Chan Kee , Brower Amy
Published: March 2024

From 2008 to 2024, the Newborn Screening Translational Research Network (NBSTRN), part of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Hunter Kelly Newborn Screening Program, served as a robust infrastructure to facilitate groundbreaking research in newborn screening (NBS), rare disease, and genomics. Over fifteen years, NBSTRN developed into a significant international network, supporting innovative research on novel technologies to screen, diagnose, treat, manage, and understand the natural history of more than 280 rare diseases. A key component of these efforts has been the development of resources and expertise for the newborn screening community in ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI). This paper presents findings from a survey conducted by the NBSTRN team with input from one of theNBSTRN's expert workgroups, the Bioethics and Legal Workgroup. With responses from 88 members of the NBS community including researchers and state NBS programs, the survey found that individuals rely on internal and collegial ELSI resources and highlighted a substantial demand for structured, accessible training and resources. The survey’s insights emphasize the importance of privacy and informed consent in NBS research, and suggested a need for improved collaborative tools and educational programs focused on ELSI for the NBS community. The survey results may inform future efforts in ELSI and NBS research including the development of expanded ELSI tools that leverage digital platforms and consultative services.
Cytokine Receptor Like Factor 1 (CRLF1) and its Role in Osteochondral Repair
Authors: Zhang Fenglin , Clair Andrew J. , Dankert John F. , Lee You Jin , Campbell Kirk A. , Kirsch Thorsten
Published: March 2024

Background: Since cytokine receptor like factor 1 (CRLF1) has been implicated in tissue regeneration, we hypothesized that CRLF1 released by mesenchymal stem cells can promote the repair of osteochondral defects.
Methods: The degree of a femoral osteochondral defect repair in rabbits after intra-articular injections of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) that were transduced with empty adeno associated virus (AAV) or AAV containing CRLF1 was determined by morpholog-ical, histological and microCT analyses. The effects of CRLF1 on chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs or catabolic events of interleukin-1beta-treated chondrocyte cell line TC28a2 were deter-mined by alcian blue staining, gene expression levels of cartilage and catabolic marker genes us-ing real time PCR analysis, and immunoblot analysis of Smad2/3 and STAT3 signaling.
Results: Intra-articular injections of BMSCs overexpressing CRLF1 markedly improved repair of a rabbit femoral osteochondral defect. Overexpression of CRLF1 in BMSCs resulted in the release of a homodimeric CRLF1 complex that stimulated chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs via enhancing Smad2/3 signaling, whereas the suppression of CRLF1 expression inhibited chondro-genic differentiation. In addition, CRLF1 inhibited catabolic events in TC28a2 cells cultured in an inflammatory environment, while a heterodimeric complex of CRLF1 and Cardiotrophin like Cytokine (CLC) stimulated catabolic events via STAT3 activation.
Conclusion: A homodimeric CRLF1 complex released by BMSCs enhanced the repair of osteochondral defects via the inhibition of catabolic events in chondrocytes and the stimulation of chondrogenic differentiation of precursor cells.
Unveiling the Significance of LysE in Survival and Virulence of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review reveals it as a potential Drug Target, Diagnostic Marker, and a Vaccine Candidate
Authors: Upadhyay Shilpa , Dhok Archana , Kashikar Supriya , Quazi Zahiruddin Syed , Agarkar Vinod
Published: March 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health threat, necessitating innovative strategies for control and prevention. This comprehensive review explores the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lysine Exporter (LysE) gene, unveiling its multifaceted roles and potential uses in controlling and preventing tuberculosis (TB). As a pivotal player in eliminating excess L-lysine and L-arginine, LysE contributes to the survival and virulence of M. tuberculosis. This review synthesizes findings from different electronic databases and includes 13 studies focused on the LysE of M. tuberculosis. The research unveils that LysE can be a potential drug target, a diagnostic marker for TB, and a promising candidate for vaccine development. The absence of LysE in the widely used BCG vaccine underscores its uniqueness and positions it as a novel area for TB prevention. In conclusion, this review underscores the significance of LysE in TB pathogenesis and its potential as a drug target, diagnostic marker, and vaccine candidate. The multifaceted nature of LysE positions it at the forefront of innovative approaches to combat TB, calling for sustained research efforts to harness its full potential in the global fight against this infectious disease.
Biochemical Composition of Tubers of New Russian Potato Cultivars Depending on Growing and Storage Conditions
Authors: Solovyeva Alla , Rogozina Elena , Chalaya Nadezhda , Sitnikov Maksim
Published: March 2024

Fourteen Russian potato cultivars (cvs.) grown for three years in field plots of VIR (Northwestern region of the Russian Federation) were evaluated for productivity and a number of biochemical parameters of tubers. The 12 parameters that have been evaluated in tubers annually one month after harvesting and after cold storage (at 2 - 4°C) include the content of dry matter, starch, protein, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and β-carotene, anthocyanins, total sugars and monosaccharides (reducing sugars), phenolic compounds, as well as total acidity, and antioxidant activity. The cultivars differed significantly in productivity and biochemical composition of tubers. Dry matter content ranged from 16.40% in cv. ʻKumachʼ to 27.28% in ʻNayadaʼ, starch content ranged from 8.96 % in cvs. ʻFioletovyjʼ, ʻKumachʼ to 20.08% in ‘Sokur’, the total sugar content reached 2.46% in cv. ʻSiverskij’ whereas ‘Sokur’ has the smallest content of reducing sugars in post-harvest tubers. Protein content ranged from 1.02% to 2.77% with the highest accumulation in cv. ʻSokurʼ. Content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) ranged from 6.3 mg/100 g FW in ʻKrasa Meŝeryʼ to 26.6 mg/100 g FW in cv. ʻKrasavchikʼ. Carotenoids content ranged from 0.157 mg/100 g FW in cv. ‘Nayada’ to 0.645 mg/100 g FW in cv. ʻGrandʼ. Content of anthocyanins in potato ranged from 1.04 mg/100g FW (not colored tubers of cv. ʻKrasa Meŝeryʼ) to 283.04 mg/100g FW (colored tubers of cv. ʻFioletovyiʼ). The nutritional value of tubers (content of dry matter, sugars, starch and protein) was determined to a greater extent (38-49%) by varietal characteristics, rather than by meteorological conditions in vegetation period. The content of vitamin C, carotenoids, protein and anthocyanins varied depending on the year. The highest content of dry matter, starch and carotenoids was noted in tubers harvested in 2019, marked by low temperatures and precipitation deficit in growing season. The conditions of 2020 with low temperatures and excess precipitation were the most favorable for anthocyanin’s accumulation in potato tubers while not for other biochemical parameters. Of the cultivars, ʻSokurʼ had the highest content of dry matter, protein and starch. Cv. ʻFioletovyiʼ had small starch content and high level of anthocyanins. Cv. ʻPlamyaʼ can be recommended for potato products manufacturing due to dry matter content above 20% and reducing sugars content 0.24%..
Exploring the role of HPV: from Sexually transmitted infection to Oropharyngeal Cancers
Authors: Srinivasan Rajsri Kritika , Rao Vaishnavi , Vardhman Sonaj
Published: March 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one the most common sexually transmitted infections (STI), spreading through direct sexual contact to oropharynx and anogenital regions. Although most infected individuals may be asymptomatic and naturally undergo viral clearance, in some individuals’ HPV infection causes carcinogenesis of the infected epithelia. HPV now accounts for over 70% of oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPC). Over 90% of these OPC are associated with HPV 16, one of the 14 high-risk subtypes. In recent years, HPV positive (HPV+) OPC has been one of the most rapidly rising cancers, by new cancer incidence rates, especially among men. They present some unique infection driven cellular and molecular features, in comparison to other head and neck carcinomas (HNC), constituting distinct preventive, therapeutic and prognostic strategies - with significant strides made in this area. However, HPV+OPC are routinely detected at a later stage, adding to the disease burden and overall survival. In this review, we provide a summary of HPV from a STI to malignant transformation, while also parsing through the immune response environment. We further collate key literature around infection sites, diagnostics and clinical management, while throwing light on the current state of epidemiology, transmission, screening and prevention strategies. Indeed, our improving understanding of the disease’s molecular biology has added some success to the prognostic outcomes of certain HPV+OPC across clinical trials examining targeted therapeutics and immunotherapy. This work is directed towards improving our current understanding of HPV and associated oncogenic landscape, to guide screening, early detection, triaging and further prevention and management strategies.
Appeal for a Responsible (Sustainably Intensive) Agriculture
Authors: Dr. Ströbel Herbert
Published: March 2024

In politics and society, organic farming is widely seen as the ideal way to address the many challenges facing agriculture and food security. In order to examine the extent to which this view is realistic, the impact of organic and conventional farming is compared on the basis of relevant criteria such as land requirements, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity, food quality, production and environmental costs, reduced meat consumption, the need for agricultural imports and the global expansion of arable land. Land is considered to be a central factor. Such a comprehensive analysis is necessary to assess the impact of different influencing factors and to provide important suggestions for targeted decision making. Although organic farming has a positive impact on land use in many ways, it quickly reaches its limits. The low yields and high production costs resulting from the limited choice of means of production make organic farming an unsuitable model for the future in a world with limited arable land, a high and growing demand for food, and low incomes for large sections of the population. It can, however, provide significant impetus and contribute important technological knowledge for the further development of agriculture as a whole to meet the complex objectives of sustainability, greenhouse gas mitigation, biodiversity and global food security by incorporating all available technologies. Based on this, a model for responsible, sustainable intensive agriculture is outlined and proposals for an eco-social framework to support this model are put forward.
Knowledge, Practice, and Infection Status of Prisoners towards Dermatophytosis: A Study in Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Bikrant , Shrestha Bhagat Lal , Shah Sangam , Rijal Shrija , Karki Bibek Bahadur , Pangeni Paras Modi , Bhatta Nikita , Mehta Rachana , Thapa Neeraj , Zeeshan Bushra , Sah Ranjit , Luna Camila , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: March 2024

Background: Dermatophytosis, commonly known as tinea, poses a significant public health concern worldwide, especially in environments with poor hygiene and overcrowding, such as prisons. Despite its prevalence and impact on quality of life, there is a lack of research on the knowledge and hygiene practices regarding dermatophytosis among prisoners, particularly in Nepal.
Objective: The study aimed to assess prisoners' knowledge, hygiene practice and infection status regarding dermatophytosis in Central Prison, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample size of 184 respondents was designed to collect data using a validated pre-tested questionnaire from September 2023 to January 2024. The collected data was then analysed using IBM SPSS version 21. Knowledge and hygiene practices were measured on an eight and 11-point scale and rated as poor (≤4) and sound (>4), bad (≤6), and good (>6), respectively. Summary data were presented by descriptive, while Chi-square and logistic regression were used for inferential statistics at P < 0.05.
Results: The findings revealed moderate knowledge among prisoners regarding dermatophytosis, with significant gaps in understanding its spread and prevention. While most prisoners recognised the importance of treatment, there were misconceptions about the inevitability of contracting dermatophytosis and the role of personal hygiene.
Conclusions: Despite good knowledge levels, adherence to recommended hygiene practices was suboptimal, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The study underscores the importance of addressing knowledge gaps, changing attitudes, and promoting hygienic practices to mitigate the burden of dermatophytosis among prisoners.
Fluid Responsiveness Associates with Successful Weaning After Liver Transplant Surgery
Authors: Castro Ricardo , Born Pablo , Muñoz Felipe , Guzmán Camila , Kattan Eduardo , Hernandez Glenn , Bakker Jan
Published: March 2024

A positive fluid balance may evolve to fluid overload and associate with organ dysfunctions, weaning difficulties, and increased mortality in ICU patients. We explored whether individualized fluid management, assessing fluid-responsiveness via passive leg-raising maneuver (PLR) before spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) associated with less extubation failure in ventilated patients with high fluid balance, admitted to the ICU after liver transplantation (LT). We recruited 15 LT patients in 2023. Postoperative fluid balance was +4476 [3697,5722] mL. PLRs were conducted at ICU admission (T1) and pre-SBT (T2). Cardiac index (CI) changes were recorded before and after SBT (T3). Seven patients were fluid responsive at T1, and 12 at T2. No significant differences occurred in hemodynamic, respiratory, and perfusion parameters between fluid-responsive and fluid-unresponsive patients at any time. Fluid-responsive patients at T1 and T2 increased their CI during SBT from 3.1 [2.8,3.7] to 3.7 [3.4,4.1] mL/min/m2 (p= 0.045). All fluid-responsive patients at T2 were extubated after SBT and consolidated extubation. Two out of three of fluid-unresponsive patients experienced weaning difficulties. We concluded that fluid-responsive patients post-LT may start weaning earlier and achieve successful extubation despite high postoperative fluid balance. This highlights the profound impact of personalized assessment of cardiovascular state on critical surgical patients.
Optimal Position of Fixed crane and Dynamic Transport Truck Parking in Precast Building Construction Project
Authors: Malaikrisanachalee Suphawut , Wongwai Narongrit , Butsan Nujet
Published: March 2024

Efficient fixed crane position analysis is critical in precast buildings construction to maximize lifting efficiency for precast elements. The primary objective is to minimize the travel distances of fixed cranes, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and cost control. This involves strategically reducing the distances between the transport truck parking, where elements are stored, the fixed crane, and the construction installation point. Despite its significance, existing studies often overlook the dynamic movement efficiency of transport trucks, particularly when dealing with multiple transport trucks and various models of fixed cranes, rendering the opti-mization of this scenario a challenging NP-hard problem susceptible to combinatorial explosion. This study presents a novel mathematical model leveraging the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The model aims to solve optimal model and position of fixed cranes, along with identifying ideal positions for transport truck parking. The study's methodology is validated and demonstrated through a project case study. Comparative analyses between the proposed model and the original planning underscore a noteworthy 6% reduction in both duration and costs when lifting elements directly from transport trucks, as opposed to establishing an on-site stock yard. Furthermore, the developed GA exhibits a substantial improvement in final solutions, achieving a remarkable 30% reduction in both operational duration and costs. This research contributes valuable insights into fixed crane position analysis of precast building construction, providing foundation for enhanced operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness in the industry.
Research of the Failure Mechanism and Preventive Strengthening of Prefabricated Small Box Girder under Car Explosion
Authors: Hu Wenliang , Dong Fenghui , Yu Zinan
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the failure mechanism and preventive strengthening methods of prefabricated full length small box girder (PSBG) under car explosion. After damage analysis during blast loads using the commercial software Autodyn, three strengthening methods are presented to improve the blast mitigation performance. The results show that the failure modes and bearing capacity are significantly different with various strengthening measures. Adhering U-shaped steel plate can effectively enhance the shear performance of PSBG under blast loads. Strengthening the bottom of the upper flange of box girder with steel plate can effectively mitigate the local bending failure, and enhance the overall flexural capacity during car explosion.
The Role of Histology in Forensic Investigations
Authors: Guareschi Edda Emanuela , Kelleher Gemma Lauren , Magni Paola Annarosa
Published: March 2024

histology, the processing and staining of cells, tissues and organs to highlight contrast, visualize and analyze their microstructure under microscopy, encompasses a vast array of techniques used to confirm, refine, or refute the macroscopic findings in forensic investigations, for example in the case of autopsies. This review presents several applications of histological protocols, staining methods and techniques to case studies, with the aim of illustrating the established, current and potential applications of histological investigations to forensic sciences. The list of disciplines include anthropology, cytology, dendrochronology, diatomology, entomology, fiber analysis, palynology,human and veterinary pathology, taphonomy and thanatology.
Conflict Governance between Protected Areas and Surrounding Communities: Willingness and Action of Communities — Empirical Evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Ma Li , Wu Yang Jia , Zhang Han , Hou Yilei , Wen Yali
Published: March 2024

Under the double pressure of climate change and human activities, the restrictions of conservation policies and the increasing area of overlap between wildlife conservation areas and community living areas have led to increase conflicts and contradictions between nature reserves and neighboring communities. Effective management of such conflicts is particularly important in order to achieve reconciliation of conservation and development. In this study, we take the Mikumi-Selous region in Tanzania, Africa as an example, and through questionnaire surveys and semi-structured interviews, we sort out the current situation of conflicts between nature reserves and communities in the region, as well as summarize the means of conflict governance. In addition, we focus on identifying the various factors affecting community residents' protection willingness and protection action, and further verify the relationships among residents' family characteristics, protection costs and revenue, protection cognition, willingness and action through empirical analysis methods. The results show that residents' protection cognition has a significant positive effect on their willingness to protect and their actions, meanwhile willingness to protect also positively affects residents' protection action. In addition, it was found that the protection cost inhibits residents' willingness and action. Our study focuses on the willingness to participate and action of core stakeholders towards conflict governance from the perspective of community governance, emphasizing the key role of community participation in achieving coordinated development of biodiversity conservation and community. It provides a new perspective for mitigating conservation and development issues.
Acoustic Emission Monitoring in Prestressed Concrete: A Comparative Study of Signal Attenuation from Wire-Breaks and Rebound-Hammer Impulses
Authors: Käding Max , Marx Steffen
Published: March 2024

Acoustic emission monitoring (AEM) has emerged as an effective technique for detecting wire-breaks resulting from, e.g., stress corrosion cracking, and its application on prestressed concrete bridges is increasing. The success of this monitoring measure depends crucially on a carefully designed sensor layout. For this the attenuation of elastic waves within the structure’s material is determined ideally in-situ through object-related measurements with a reproducible signal source, typically a rebound-hammer. This assumes that the attenuation coefficients derived from rebound-hammer tests are comparable to those from wire-breaks, thus allowing their results to be directly applied to wire-break detection without further adjustments. This study challenges this assumption by analysing attenuation behaviour through an extensive dataset. Employing time-domain and frequency analysis, the research generates attenuation profiles from laboratory experiments and in-situ measurements across various girders and bridge structures, extracting the slope and standard deviation of the residuals. While generally validating this approach, the findings highlight differences in attenuation behaviour from among wire-break signals and rebound-hammer impulses, whereby the latter potentially underestimates the relevant attenuation of wire-breaks by approximately 20 %. Consequently, a transfer factor is proposed to adjust object-related measurement results for wire-break scenarios, including a variance of 1.0 dB/m to cover a 95 % confidence interval for sample scattering. Moreover, the anisotropic attenuation behaviour across different structures was studied, showing that transverse attenuation consistently exceeds the longitudinal, significantly influenced by structural features such as voids. In prefabricated concrete bridges with in-situ-cast concrete slabs, transverse signal transmission remains unhindered across multiple elements. Finally, the results provide a valuable reference for the design of sensor layouts in bridge monitoring, particularly benefiting scenarios where direct in-situ experiences are lacking.
Knowledge, Perceptions, and Experiences of Traditional Health Practitioners about Managing Female Urogenital Schistosomiasis: The Case of ILembe District, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Authors: Mushebenge Aganze Gloire-Aime , Ugbaja Samuel Chima , Mbatha Nonkululeko Avril , Riziki Manimani Ghislain , Muzumbukilwa Tambwe Willy , Kadima Mukanda Gedeon , Ndage Ntabaza , Amuri Bakari Salvius , Byanga Kahumba , Kumalo Hezekiel M. , Nlooto Manimbulu
Published: March 2024

Background: Schistosomiasis is the third most important Neglected Tropical Disease, with more than 4 million South Africans being infected. Cases of re-infection with schistosomiasis after being treated using modern medication has opened ways to seeking alternative treatment modalities using medicinal plants. This study aims to explore and understand the way traditional healers diagnose schistosomiasis, the types of traditional medicines they use to treat it in communities with a high prevalence of infection, and to establish whether the unavailability of prescribed anti-schistosomal medicines leads to the use of traditional medicine. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted using a questionnaire from December 2022 to March 2023 in the iLembe District, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. In-depth individual interviews were carried out among traditional health practitioners (THPs) involved in managing female urogenital schistosomiasis (FUS). Recorded narrative data was transcribed verbatim, read through thoroughly and coded, and analysed using thematic or content analysis Results: Traditional Health Practitioners provide services to many women who did not want to be treated in the mainstream health care system for their FUS. The disease was perceived and understood the same way by most of the respondents, that being caused by use of fresh water. Various plants species, either alone or in combination, were used to manage bilharzia in women. Senecio serratuloides (Asteraceae) and Hypoxis hemerocallidea (Hypoxidaceae) were prominently used by THPs in FUS management. Conclusion: Traditional Health Practitioners are playing a key role in managing bilharzia in women in rural areas of the iLembe District, this study reported that THPs can diagnose schistosomiasis symptoms based on their knowledge and experience. Respondents indicated that modern conventional treatment was readily available and free in public sector healthcare facilities; however, they consulted patients suffering from FUS. Various traditional herbal medicines are reportedly used by THPs to manage bilharzia in women. Further studies are needed to investigate the views and experiences of clients regarding the success of the treatments used and why they seek care from THPs.
Using Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPT) for Electricity Price Trend Forecasting in the Spanish Market
Authors: Menéndez Medina Alberto , Heredia Álvaro José Antonio
Published: March 2024

Our research proposes two different training and modelling approaches of Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) with specialized news feeds specific to the Spanish market: in-context example prompts and fine-tuned GPT models. Our findings indicate that integrating GPT insights into electricity price trend forecasting can result in more precise predictions and a deeper understanding of market dynamics. Through our research, we aim to provide insights to understand the capabilities of GPT solutions, and how those can be used to enhance prediction accuracy, ultimately supporting informed decision-making for stakeholders across the Spanish electricity market and companies whose margins heavily depend on electricity costs and price volatility.
On Mast Cells as Protectors of Life, Reproduction, and Progeny
Authors: Norrby Klas Carl
Published: March 2024

The connective tissue mast cell (MC), a sentinel tissue-residing secretory immune cell, is preserved in all vertebrate classes since approximately 500 million years. No physiological role of the MCs has yet been established. Considering the power of natural selection of cells during evolution, it is likely that the MCs exert essential yet unidentified life-promoting actions. All vertebrates feature a circulatory system, and the MCs interact readily with the vasculature. It is notable that embryonic MC progenitors are generated from endothelial cells. The MC hosts many surface receptors enabling its activation by a vast variety of potentially harmful exogenous and endogenous molecules, and by reproductive hormones in the female sex organs. Activated MCs release a unique composition of pre-formed and newly synthesized bioactive molecules, like heparin, histamine, serotonin, proteolytic enzymes, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. MCs play important roles in immune responses, tissue remodeling, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, tissue homeostasis, health, and reproduction. As recently suggested, MCs enable perpetuation of the vertebrates because of key effects—spanning generations—in ovulation and pregnancy, as in life-preserving activities in inflammation and wound healing from birth till reproductive age, thus creating a permanent life-sustaining loop. Here, we present recent advances that further indicate that the MC is a specific life-supporting and progeny-safeguarding cell
Use of Drones with Multispectral and Thermal Cameras to Assess the Biometric Characteristics and Water Status of Different Hazelnut Cultivars
Authors: Vinci Alessandra , Baiocchi Valerio , Brigante Raffaella , Traini Chiara , Farinelli Daniela
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive understanding of tree characteristics and conditions holds paramount importance for the precise management of hazelnut orchards. It facilitates the determination of tree vigor, pruning requirements, phytosanitary interventions, and plant water consumption. The primary objective of this study was to explore, for the first time on a fruit tree with a bushy structure and across trees of four Italian distinct hazelnut cultivars, the efficacy of multispectral and thermal UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technologies in assessing canopy attributes, vegetative growth, and predicting abiotic stresses. These technologies serve as tools for precision agriculture, enabling the computation of various indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and crop water stress index (CWSI). The study of water content is of particular importance at this time, especially considering the increasing water stress levels in Europe as well as globally. While Red Green Blue (RGB) and thermal imagery collectively demonstrated superior performance in model reconstruction, the multispectral UAV remained more adept at characterizing size traits of hazelnut plants. Thermal images alone proved inadequate for accurately reconstructing hazelnut biometric characteristics. Furthermore, all indices were found to be cultivar-specific, underscoring the importance of conducting studies across different cultivars. The utilization of two UAVs, namely multispectral and thermal, facilitated the examination of the relationship between NDVI and CWSI across tree species.
The Role of the Dopaminergic Cells of the Median Raphe Region in the Behavior of the Male Mice
Authors: Chaves Tiago , Török Bibiána , Fazekas Csilla Lea , Correia Pedro , Sipos Eszter , Várkonyi Dorottya , Tóth Zsuzsanna E. , Dóra Fanni , Dobolyi Árpád , Zelena Dóra
Published: March 2024

According to previous studies the median raphe region (MRR) is known to contribute significantly to social behavior. Beside serotonin, there are reports of a small population of dopaminergic neu-rons in this region. Dopamine is linked to reward and locomotion, but very little has been known about its role in the MRR. To address that, we first confirmed the presence of dopaminergic cells in the MRR of mice (immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR) and humans (RT-PCR). Next, we used chemogenetic technology in mice containing Cre enzyme under the promoter of the dopamine transporter (DAT). With the help of an adeno-associated virus, artificial receptors were expressed in the dopaminergic cells of the MRR (DAT-MRR). Four weeks later, extensive behavioral charac-terization started 30 minutes after the injection of the artificial ligand (Clozapine-N-Oxide). Stimu-lation of DAT-MRR decreased social interest without influencing aggression and with an increase in social discrimination. Additionally, inhibition of the same cells increased the friendly social be-havior during social interaction test. No behavioral changes were detected in anxiety, memory and locomotion. All in all, dopaminergic cells were present both in the mice and human MRR, and manipulation of dopaminergic neurons of the MRR elicited a specific social response.
Towards Synthetic, Physical Fingerprint Targets
Authors: Ruzicka Laurenz , Strobl Bernhard , Bergmann Stephan , Nolden Gerd , Michalsky Tom , Domscheit Christoph , Priesnitz Jannis , Blümel Florian , Kohn Bernhard , Heitzinger Clemens
Published: March 2024

Biometric fingerprint identification hinges on the reliability of its sensors, however, calibrating and standardizing these sensors poses significant challenges, particularly in regard to repeatability and data diversity. To tackle these issues, we propose methodologies for fabricating synthetic 3D fingerprint targets, or phantoms, that closely emulate real human fingerprints. These phantoms enable the precise evaluation and validation of fingerprint sensors under controlled and repeatable conditions. Our research employs laser engraving, 3D printing, and CNC machining techniques, utilizing different materials. We assess the phantoms' fidelity to synthetic fingerprint patterns, intra-class variability, and interoperability across different manufacturing methods. The findings demonstrate that a combination of laser engraving or CNC machining with silicone casting produces finger-like shaped phantoms with high accuracy and consistency for rolled fingerprint recordings. For slap recordings, direct laser engraving of flat silicone targets excels and in the contactless fingerprint sensor setting, 3D printing and silicone filling provides the most favorable attributes. Our work enables a comprehensive, method-independent comparison of various fabrication methodologies, offering a unique perspective on the strengths and weaknesses of each approach. This facilitates a broader understanding of fingerprint recognition system validation and performance assessment.
Islamic Boarding School Education and Its Renewal According to K.H. Abdullah Syukri Zarkasyi
Authors: Islam Muhammad Thoriqul , Qodari Imam , Marjany Nawa
Published: March 2024

Education is currently faced with problems of crime and deviant behavior, which hinder the effectiveness of teaching Islamic teachings. Effective educational management and experienced leaders are required. One solution is to implement an integrated curriculum as proposed by KH. Abdullah Syukri Zarkasyi in reforming Islamic boarding school education. This research aims to understand the concept of Islamic boarding school education and its renewal according to KH. Abdullah Syukri Zarkasyi. This type of research is qualitative, using the literature review method by obtaining data through journals, books, and documentaries and comparing, contrasting, and critiquing data using thematic analysis techniques. The research results show that according to K.H Abdullah Syukri Zarkasyi, good Islamic boarding school education is based on the values of the five souls of Islamic boarding schools and is total. The reform of Islamic boarding school education that he proposed was rooted in the concept of the five souls of Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor. K.H. Abdullah Syukri Zarkasyi emphasized three fundamental things in this reform: the totality of life in education, integral education, and Islamic boarding school education orientation.
Learning Innovation Opportunities Using Interactive Multimedia to Facilitate Sociological Learning in Improving Collaboration Skills
Authors: Pramusita Mutiara Kusuma Ananda , Sariyatun Sariyatun , Suryono Hassan
Published: March 2024

The development and progress of technology has brought changes in the world of education. Digital learning media makes students more active in utilizing sophisticated technology to support activity learning. Convenience access to telephone mobile or telephone smart gives students more freedom to access the materials they need. Learning sociology teaches students the importance of someone as a creature working the same in life socially. Therefore, students need skills collaboration to support their development skills personal. Skills collaboration can supported with interactive multimedia as a means of learning. Interactive multimedia presents various features interactive in text, images, and videos. However, schools do not yet own facility adequate learning for to support enhancement skills and collaboration with students in matter technology. Types of research this study is the survey method. The focus study is 202 students in class X of a high school. Data collection methods include questionnaires and interviews. The analysis is through four stages, data collection, data reduction, withdrawal conclusion of initial data, and presentation results study. Research results show the need for interactive multimedia in learning sociology to increase skills in collaboration. Specifically, 50.2% of students have not yet done do activity collaborative in learning sociology using interactive multimedia. In addition, 95.5% of students require interactive multimedia to learn material sociology. Lastly, 95.5% of students use technology for study. Implications from this study are that students and teachers can optimize the utilization of technology with the development of interactive multimedia that can be used to reach objective expected learning that is increasing skills collaboration among students and make more students excel and do well in school the environment public. Based on the acquisition of analytical data, then concluded that the existence of interactive multimedia is required to increase skills collaboration students in learning sociology.
THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED FACTORS ON THE WELFARE OF SPORTING DOGS – A SURVEY STUDY
Authors:   Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland, GOLEMAN Małgorzata , KASZYCKA Kamila ,   Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland, KRUPA Wanda ,   Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland, CZYŻOWSKI Piotr ,   Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
Published: March 2024

Cessation of use predispositions consistent with breed characteristics might be a source of constant frustration and behavioural disorders for the dog. Therefore, a lack of typical activity for a breed significantly reduces the level of well-being and negatively affects the quality of life. Aware owners of working-breed dogs are trying to fulfil their needs through activities offered by different dog (cynological) sports. However, some opinions state that dog sports might impair their well-being due to intensive training and competitions. The goal of this study was an assessment of the living conditions and the level of welfare of the dogs actively participating in dog sports, based on their owner’s declarations. The research material was gathered from a survey among dog sports competitors and people associated with dog sports but not practising them. Five hundred fifty respondents, including 407 active dog sports competitors, participated in the study. It was hypothesized that taking an active part in dog sports and their discipline impacts the owner’s awareness of the need to ensure a high level of welfare of the sporting dogs. The relationship between the sports discipline and the variables that determined the level of well-being was determined. Surveys have shown that in the opinion of people practising cynological sports, sports dogs are provided with a high level of welfare, although the percentage of people who gave such an answer depends on the dog sport practised.
SAFE AND FELINE-FRIENDLY VETERINARY VISITS AND TRAVELS TO THE VETERINARY PRACTICE: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Catosfera Ltd, Montwiłła Street, 71-601 Szczecin, Poland, MAJEWSKA Blanka , KAZIMIERSKA Katarzyna ,   West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, Department of Monogastric Animal Sciences, Division of Animal Nutrition and Food, Szczecin, Poland
Published: March 2024

The increasing prevalence of domestic cats as integral family members has accentuated the need for understanding and addressing feline well-being during travels and veterinary visits. Despite the rising awareness of feline behavior and emotions, a significant gap remains in comprehending the nuances of human-cat communication and recognizing potential stressors that cats may face in veterinary settings. This case report analyzed the experiences of a 15-year-old female cross-breed cat during a veterinary visit, shedding light on stimuli that evoke feline fear. A key focus of this study was the identification of prevalent feline fears and anxieties, emphasizing their potential to disrupt veterinary care and contribute to caregivers avoiding routine visits. Drawing on recommended practices and the five pillars of a healthy feline environment, the paper proposes strategies to foster positive and stress-free experiences for cats during veterinary visits and travels. The findings underscore the imperative for further research to delve into caregivers’ perspectives on feline stress during veterinary visits and the feasibility of implementing stress reduction strategies in veterinary offices.