bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: a cross-sectional study in Chenani
Authors: Gupta Vinod , Gupta Akhil , Gupta Sucheta
Published: June 2021

Background: H. pylori infections generally occur early in childhood and continue to cause gastric diseases later in life. Epidemiological studies suggest its transmission through fecal to oral and oral to oral routes. Several factors control this transmission including socioeconomic status, quality of drinking water, personal and environmental hygiene, contamination of food, overcrowding and density of population.Methods: A cross-sectional study, involving 100 children aged 1 to 15 years, presenting gastrointestinal complaints was conducted in the department of medicine, district hospital, Udhampur, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India from October 2019 to March 2020. Children with the pathology of central nervous system or with any other known pathology were excluded.Results: Majority of children belonged to the group >6, ≤11 years age (41%), 89% of children were school-going and 78% of participants belonged to the rural areas. Major economic activity of the participants came out to be business and trading (31%), as much as 62% of households were having a size of >4 persons per unit. As many as 24 children were found positive for antigen test upon stool sample examination. The infection rate was significantly higher among children having unsafe source of drinking water (14/24, 58.3%) and poor sanitation facilities (18/24, 66.7%). Overcrowding at home due to bigger household size was found to be a major risk factor among children.Conclusions: The prevalence of H. pylori among children was quite high. Major risk factors included sanitation and drinking water facilities at home and at schools.
Impact of allergic rhinitis on quality of life and main risk factor: a study in Jazan region
Authors: Shamakhi Radeif , Mubarki Musleh
Published: June 2021

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a common inflammatory disorder that affects the upper respiratory tract. It affects about one-third of the world’s population. The prevalence of rhinitis varies greatly in various countries and also in various parts of the same country. With this disease, the quality of life which includes sleep disturbances, fatigue, diminished memory, depression is decreased because of the direct impact on the life of the patient.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on patients over the age of 18 years old who suffered from symptoms of allergic rhinitis between 1 March 2021 to 30 March 2021 in Jizan region

Patients were answered for questionnaires that sent for them online through social media.

Results: A total of 37 participants enrolled. According to the ARIA guidelines, patients were divided into four groups: a moderate to severe intermittent group that comprised the majority of the patients 38%, a mild intermittent group 19%, a moderate to severe permanent group 27%, and a mild permanent group 15%. Among the total of 37 patients, the quality of life was mildly affected in 35% and severely influenced in 65% patients.

Conclusions: In the patients studied in Saudi Arabia's southern area, allergic rhinitis can have a negative impact on sleep quality, mood, and daily activities.
Identification Conditions for the Solvability of NP-complete Problems for the Class of Pre-fractal Graphs
Authors: Tymoshenko Aleksandr Vasil'evich , Kochkarov Rasul Ahmatovich , Kochkarov Azret Ahmatovich
Published: June 2021

Modern network systems (unmanned aerial vehicles groups, social networks, network production chains, transport and logistics networks, communication networks, cryptocurrency networks) are distinguished by their multi-element nature and the dynamics of connections between its elements. A number of discrete problems on the construction of optimal substructures of network systems described in the form of various classes of graphs are NP-complete problems. In this case, the variability and dynamism of the structures of network systems leads to an "additional" complication of the search for solutions to discrete optimization problems. At the same time, for some subclasses of dynamical graphs, which are used to model the structures of network systems, conditions for the solvability of a number of NP-complete problems can be distinguished. This subclass of dynamic graphs includes pre-fractal graphs. The article investigates NP-complete problems on pre-fractal graphs: a Hamiltonian cycle, a skeleton with the maximum number of pendant vertices, a monochromatic triangle, a clique, an independent set. The conditions under which for some problems it is possible to obtain an answer about the existence and to construct polynomial (when fixing the number of seed vertices) algorithms for finding solutions are identified.
Computational Analysis of Quantitative Characteristics of some Residual Properties of Solvable Baumslag-Solitar Groups
Authors: Tumanova Elena Alexandrovna
Published: June 2021

Let $G_{k}$ be defined as $G_{k} = \langle a, b;\ a^{-1}ba = b^{k} \rangle$, where $k \ne 0$. It is known that, if $p$ is some prime number, then $G_{k}$ is residually a finite $p$-group if and only if $p \mid k - 1$. It is also known that, if $p$ and $q$ are primes not dividing $k - 1$, $p < q$, and $\pi = \{p,\,q\}$, then $G_{k}$ is residually a finite $\pi$-group if and only if $(k, q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$, and the order of $k$ in the multiplicative group of the field $\mathbb{Z}_{q}$ is a $p$\-number. This paper examines the question of the number of two-element sets of prime numbers that satisfy the conditions of the last criterion. More precisely, let $f_{k}(x)$ be the number of sets $\{p,\,q\}$ such that $p < q$, $p \nmid k - 1$, $q \nmid k - 1$, $(k, q) = 1$, $p \mid q - 1$, the order of $k$ modulo $q$ is a $p$\-number, and $p$, $q$ are chosen among the first $x$ primes. We state that, if $2 \leq |k| \leq 10000$ and $1 \leq x \leq 50000$, then, for almost all considered $k$, the function $f_{k}(x)$ can be approximated quite accurately by the function $\alpha_{k}x^{0.85}$, where the coefficient $\alpha_{k}$ is different for each $k$ and $\{\alpha_{k} \mid 2 \leq |k| \leq 10000\} \subseteq (0.28;\,0.31]$. We also investigate the dependence of the value $f_{k}(50000)$ on $k$ and propose an effective algorithm for checking a two-element set of prime numbers for compliance with the conditions of the last criterion. The results obtained may have applications in the theory of computational complexity and algebraic cryptography.
Object-Centric Replay-Based Conformance Checking: Unveiling Desire Lines and Local Deviations
Authors: Carrasquel Julio C , Mecheraoui Khalil
Published: June 2021

Conformance checking methods diagnose to which extent a real system, whose behavior is recorded in an event log, complies with its specification model, e.g., a Petri net. Nonetheless, the majority of these methods focus on checking isolated process instances, neglecting interaction between instances in a system. Addressing this limitation, a series of object-centric approaches have been proposed in the field of process mining. These approaches are based on the holistic analysis of the multiple process instances interacting in a system, where each instance is centered on the handling of an object. Inspired by the object-centric paradigm, this paper presents a replay-based conformance checking method which uses a class of colored Petri nets (CPNs) -- a Petri net extension where tokens in the model carry values of some types (colors). Particularly, we consider conservative workflow CPNs which allow to describe the expected behavior of a system whose components are centered on the end-to-end processing of distinguishable objects. For describing a system’s real behavior, we consider event logs whose events have sets of objects involved in the execution of activities. For replay, we consider a jump strategy where tokens absent from input places of a transition to fire move from their current place of the model to the requested places. Token jumps allow to identify desire lines, i.e., object paths unforeseen in the specification. Also, we introduce local diagnostics based on the proportion of jumps in specific model components. The metrics allow to inform the severity of deviations in precise system parts. Finally, we report experiments supported by a prototype of our method. To show the practical value of our method, we employ a case study on trading systems, where orders from users are matched to trade.
Severity Estimation of Defects on Interpretation of Eddy-Current Defectograms
Authors: Kuzmin Egor V. , Gorbunov Oleg E. , Plotnikov Petr O. , Tyukin Vadim A. , Bashkin Vladimir A.
Published: June 2021

To ensure traffic safety of railway transport, non-destructive tests of rails are regularly carried out by using various approaches and methods, including eddy-current flaw detection methods. An automatic analysis of large data sets (defectograms) that come from the corresponding equipment is an actual problem. The analysis means a process of determining the presence of defective sections along with identifying structural elements of railway tracks in defectograms. At the same time, severity estimation of defined defects is also of great interest. This article continues the cycle of works devoted to the problem of automatic recognition of images of defects and rail structural elements in eddy-current defectograms. In the process of forming these images, only useful signals are taken into account, the threshold levels of amplitudes of which are determined automatically from eddy-current data. The article is devoted to the issue of constructing severity estimation of found defects with various lengths. The construction of the severity estimation is based on a concept of the generalized relative amplitude of useful signals. A relative amplitude is a ratio of an actual signal amplitude to a corresponding threshold level of useful signals. The generalized relative amplitude is calculated by using the entropy of the half-normal distribution, which is assumed to be a model for a probability distribution of an appearance of certain relative amplitudes in an evaluated defect. Tuning up the formula for calculating severity estimation of a defect is carried out on the basis of eddy-current records of structural elements. As a reference of the most dangerous defect, the bolted rail joint is considered. It models a fracture of a rail. A reference weak defect is a flash butt weld, a defectogram of which contains signals with low amplitude values. The proposed approach to severity estimation of defects is shown by examples.
On Properties of a Regular Simplex Inscribed into a Ball
Authors: Nevskii Mikhail Viktorovich
Published: June 2021

Let  $B$ be a Euclidean ball in ${\mathbb R}^n$ and let $C(B)$ be a space of continuos functions $f:B\to{\mathbb R}$ with the uniform norm $\|f\|_{C(B)}:=\max_{x\in B}|f(x)|.$ By $\Pi_1\left({\mathbb R}^n\right)$ we mean a set of polynomials of degree $\leq 1$, i.e., a set of linear functions upon ${\mathbb R}^n$. The interpolation projector  $P:C(B)\to \Pi_1({\mathbb R}^n)$ with the nodes $x^{(j)}\in B$ is defined by the equalities $Pf\left(x^{(j)}\right)=f\left(x^{(j)}\right)$,  $j=1,\ldots, n+1$.The norm of $P$ as an operator from $C(B)$ to $C(B)$ can be calculated by the formula $\|P\|_B=\max_{x\in B}\sum |\lambda_j(x)|.$ Here $\lambda_j$ are the basic Lagrange polynomials corresponding to the $n$-dimensional nondegenerate simplex $S$ with the vertices $x^{(j)}$. Let $P^\prime$ be a projector having the nodes in the vertices of a regular simplex inscribed into the ball. We describe the points $y\in B$ with the property $\|P^\prime\|_B=\sum |\lambda_j(y)|$. Also we formulate some geometric conjecture which implies that $\|P^\prime\|_B$ is equal to the minimal norm of an interpolation projector with nodes in $B$.  We prove that this conjecture holds true at least for $n=1,2,3,4$.
The Arabist from Shemakha Who Dreamed of the Sea: Theodor Adamovich Shumovsky (1913-2012)
Authors: Bobrovnikov Vladimir O.
Published: June 2021

The twentieth century witnessed heyday of the Russian-Soviet Arabic and Islamic studies, whose academic school created by Victor von Rosen and his disciple Ignaty Krachkovsky had flourished already in the late Russian empire and survived the Soviet period. Its representa-tives included many outstanding yet controversial figures, whose scientific biography still needs to be rethought in the context of late post-colonial Orientalism under the Stalinist rule and the Cold War period. One of these scholars was Theodor Adamovich Shumovsky, political prisoner, poet and memoirist. He belonged to the last generation of students of I. Yu. Krachkovsky, specialized in early modern Arabic maritime geography, later translated the Qur’an into Russian in verses. The present work attempts to give a comprehensive discursive analysis of the work of this maritime Arabist, with whom the author knew well in the last decade of his life.
Nigeria as a country of stories
Authors: Gavristova Tatiana M.
Published: June 2021

The article is dedicated to the phenomenon of storytelling and its evolution in the context of globalization and digitalization. The choice of Nigeria as an object of study is not accidental. The oral tradition in Nigeria has developed dynamically over the centuries. Nigerian literature is considered to be a successor of the traditions of world classics. It was the writers - the «children of Herodotus» - who assumed the function of recording and relaying stories that, being biased, led to the destruction of a number of stereotypes regarding Africa and Africans. The traditions of storytelling appeared in literature and journalism, in television and radio broadcasting, across In-ternet. Nigerians have become active participants in TED conferences. Storytelling in Nigeria has become a profession. Within its framework, famous writers, including women, found application, overthrowing gender inequality.
The Consequences of the Political Crisis of July 1918 for the Upper Volga Organizations of the Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
Authors: Tikhomirov Nikolay V.
Published: June 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of the position of the Upper Volga organizations of the Party of Left Socialist-Revolutionaries caused by the crisis of July 1918 which marked the beginning of the total loss of the Party’s political influence in the country in whole. The author shows the difficulties and methods of ideological and political struggle between the local Left Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Bolsheviks during the period from July to December 1918, traces the process of ousting the Left Socialist-Revolutionaries from the local Soviets, considers the features of the local Left Socialist-Revolutionaries’ organizational work in the new political reality.
Constitutional amendments and revision of the Constitution of the Russian Federation: features of the 2020 procedure
Authors: Kazankov Sergey P.
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the issue of the procedure for changing the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Examples of norms of foreign constitutions are given, which constitutionalists recognize as rigid constitutions in the order of their amendment. The ways of changing the Constitution of the Russian Federation are considered: revision, adoption of amendments, amendment of Art. 65Identified problems such as the form of the amendment to the Constitution, the moment of entry into force of the amendment, the introduction by the Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of 2020 a nationwide vote as an additional condition for the entry into force of the amendment, as well as additional powers of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to verify compliance with Chapters 1, 2 and 9 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation of the provisions of the Law of the Russian Federation on the amendment to the Constitution of the Russian Federation that have not entered into force, as well as the procedure for the entry into force of Art. 1 of the Amendment Act. The critical notes are offered. In particular, the author comes to the conclusion that the approval of the constitutional amendment by the parliaments of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is not a moment, but a condition for its entry into force, therefore, the law on the amendment cannot introduce additional conditions for the entry into force of constitutional amendments, since this leads to a violation requirements of Art. 136 of the Constitution, which cannot be amended by the federal parliament in the manner prescribed by chapter 9 of the Constitution.
Ethnic identity and peculiarities of coping behavior of people from interethnic marriages
Authors: Trifonova Svetlana A. , Kozlov Vladimir V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study of self-identification, ethnic identity and peculiarities of the transformation of ethnic identity among people from inter-ethnic marriages (Russian-Tatar families). A socio-psychological analysis of the specifics of coping behavior strategies among immigrants from families of ethnically mixed families, as well as immigrants from Russian and Tatar families is given.
Features of the correction of the emotional sphere of nurses
Authors: Vinarchik Elena A.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of research and correction of the emotional sphere of medical personnel. The nurses features of emotional experiences with different experience of professional activity have been studied. A correction program was developed and carried out and reliable shifts were identified.
The study of the language consciousness of russian and foreign military specialists by the method of associative experiment
Authors: Krotova Maria N. , Ushakova Alina P.
Published: June 2021

The article presents the results of a psycholinguistic study of the language consciousness of military specialists studying at the Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Air Defense. The study involved 100 people. These are representatives of the near and far abroad, as well as cadets from Russia. The main method used by the authors to compare the linguistic picture of the world, that is, linguistic and extralinguistic phenomena, the country of the language being studied and the country of the cadet’s homeland, was an associative experiment. This method allowed us to identify markers for the consciousness of representatives of different linguistic worldviews (the core and the periphery in a particular field of consciousness), the value picture of the world within the framework of linguistic consciousness. Within the framework of this article, the authors presented an analysis of two words-stimuli-army and officer, which will allow us to determine the psychological features of language consciousness, taking into account the country of residence, educational and professional activities and professionalization of the individual. As a result of the experiment, the commonality of ideas and reactions to the basic concepts of military-professional terminology is noted in all cadets, but the specific feature of the language consciousness formed by the native language for a long time (from 20 years or more), the culture and the structure of life of the cadet’s homeland, which determines the unique and uncharacteristic reactions for the Russian language picture of the world, is highlighted.
Constitutional innovation as a political science
Authors: Denisov Sergey A.
Published: June 2021

The article describes the object, subject, main properties, tasks and functions of the science "constitutional innovation". It is a science that studies the implementation of constitutional ideas developed by political philosophy in the life of society. This implementation is carried out throughout the world, in individual countries and at the local level. Based on the subject of the study, the structure of the science "constitutional innovation" is described. Within it, a general theory is distinguished, which studies the laws of the transition of the world and individual countries from the pre-constitutional system to the constitutional one. She answers questions about the possibility of transition of all countries of the world to constitutionalism, about the ways of this transition. In the course of the movement towards constitutionalism, there is usually a stage of imitation of the constitutional system. Part of constitutional innovation should be constitutional deviantology, which studies deviations from the ideals of constitutionalism, the factors that cause them. The General theory develops methods of cognition of this world process. According to the author, the study of the subject of research should be based on dialectics, a materialistic approach using the ideas of Enlightenment, modernization theories, democratic transit, diffusion theory, and conflict theory. Constitutional innovation includes the history of the world's movement towards constitutionalism. On the basis of the known regularities, forecasts of the constitutionalization of the world and individual countries are built. Constitutional innovation performs applied tasks. It helps supporters of constitutionalism to form programs for the promotion of constitutional ideas in the life of society. A separate area of research is the introduction of constitutional ideas through international relations. Constitutional countries are trying to build the whole world in their own image. Science evaluates the effectiveness of the measures applied.
Regional identity in the minds of young people in Siberia and the Far East
Authors: Kazantsev Dmity A. , Kachusov Dmitry A.
Published: June 2021

Currently, in both Russia and the world, the globalization is extending. The worldwide information field is in the process of formation, and many developed communities are going through blurring. At the same time, the new reasons for people to unite into the groups are arriving, and new communities tend to appear. The dynamic development of such term as identity had created numerous approaches and ways to define it, based on social, cultural and psychological peculiarities. The situation is common, in which the individuals that exist in the same social environment own many different identities, forming their bonds according to their needs. The problem of identity in Russia in particular is nevertheless acute, remaining open to discussion. The regions of the Russian Federation are more diverse due to the natural and territorial differences, as much as historical and social ones. Thus, Siberia and Far East are much more different than the European part of Russia in terms of social, ethnical and cultural aspects, therefore, the self-presentation of people also tends to differ. The goal of this research is to find the dominating identity among the student youth of Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, to estimate the correlations in different types of identity, to shape the whole picture of self-identification among school and university students. The mass sociological study provides the objective and precise data on value-based cultural orientation inside the community under study, and to collect massive data for further analysis. The results of this research are to help and define the local specifics regarding social-political self-identification.
Political and Philosophical Ideas of Socio-Political Development of Russia: Opportunities in Modern Conditions
Authors: Yakovlev Maxim V.
Published: June 2021

The article draws attention to the risks associated with the loss of national research traditions in political theory. It is shown that non-creative borrowing and imitative reproduction of foreign concepts and theories does not contribute to the scientific rise, especially if the Russian heritage and scientific schools are pushed aside and forgotten. To attract the attention of academic circles to the existing potential of Russian socio-political thought and discuss opportunities for further development, the article analyzes and compares the concepts of “Autocracy of the people”, “Holy Russia”, “Moscow - the Third Rome”, and “Spiritual Vertical”. Their philosophical and political significance for the development of the Russian state in modern conditions is determined. Conclusions are drawn that due to the alienation of citizens, especially young people, from the national intellectual tradition (together with economic and political reasons), emigration moods, spiritual decline, and pessimism are expanding in Russian society. The problem could be a funded study, support and promotion oriented to the spiritual development of the adherents of the concepts of "Holy Russia" and the likes, which have a long history, formed in the domestic tradition, belong to the history of the first and the second Rome have religious and philosophical and political justification provide the basis for social and national consolidation of many peoples of the Russian state.
The influence of patriotic education on the image of a patriot among young people (using the example of the Yaroslavl region)
Authors: Zagrebin Vladimir V. , Kiselev Igor Y. , Ovchinnikova Natalia V. , Smirnova Anna G. , Yasyuchenya Elisey V.
Published: June 2021

In modern conditions of globalization and the introduction of the Internet into the daily life of young people, there is a blurring of the value of patriotism in the mass consciousness of young people. This process takes place in the time when one of the main directions of the implementation of the national state youth policy is directly related to patriotic education. The article is based on the materials of a sociological study of the subjective understanding of patriotism in the minds of regional youth involved in the process of patriotic education. On a targeted sample, 345 respondents aged 14 to 30, living in the Yaroslavl region and carrying out activities within the framework of patriotic education, were interviewed. The results of the empirical study lead to a number of conclusions. First, the vast majority of the surveyed respondents identify themselves as patriots of their country. At the same time, girls are more willing than boys to call themselves patriots. Secondly, a clear idea of patriotism has not been formed in the minds of young people. Thirdly, the associative component is also poorly represented in the image of a patriot - the respondents could not name a “true” patriot and an “antipatriot”, which indicates the absence of a single reference group in the youth environment. Fourthly, the main feature of young people, involved in the process of patriotic education, reveals the fact that they do not only identify themselves as patriots, but are also ready for active volunteer work as well. Fifth, respondents highly appreciate the work of state institutions specializing in patriotic education. As a recommendation, we can propose to pay more attention to the introduction of modern multimedia technologies in the educational sphere.
Institutionalization of long-term care for the elderly: the experience of St. Petersburg
Authors: Kolosova Galina V.
Published: June 2021

The increase in life expectancy and the growth of the elderly population in the Russian Federation, including in St. Petersburg, dictates the need for changes in the areas of social services and health care. This is not surprising, aging today has become a global process that has different mechanisms of formation and differs by country and territory. But the sociological theoretical study of the topic of aging is still insufficient. European states rely on demographic trends, which determine a new approach to assessing the available resources, prospects for the development and improvement of social service systems in the direction of long-term care for the elderly. It is important, while maintaining continuity in the work of the social services established in the 1990s, to actively include the family, NGOs and volunteerism in the development of these institutions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the achievements and barriers to the institutional development of long - term care for the elderly in St. Petersburg. Methodically, the article is based on the analysis of legal acts regulating the development of long-term care, mainly in St. Petersburg. For the care system to take shape, it requires the participation of families, NGOs and volunteer resources, as well as the study of the best Russian and international experience.
Unofficial toponyms in the language consciousness of Yaroslavl residents (on the example of the toponym Bragino)
Authors: Potyomkina Yulia. S. , Shamanova Marina V.
Published: June 2021

The article presents a psycholinguistic description of unofficial toponyms of Yaroslavl on the example of one of them. Based on the data of a free associative experiment, the associative fields of the unofficial toponym Bragino were formed in two age groups of subjects: from 18 to 30 years and from 30 to 80 years. When comparing the obtained associative fields, their core and periphery, and semantic groups, the peculiarities of understanding this lexeme by different age groups were revealed. It is shown that the psycholinguistic description of the analyzed lexeme differs in two groups of subjects: the core of the field partially coincides, semantic groups of associative fields overlap, but most of them are different in volume, small semantic groups are relevant only in one group of subjects. As a part of the obtained associative fields, evaluation reactions were identified, both positive and negative. It is shown that evaluative reactions are more common in the youth sphere, but negative-evaluative reactions are superior to positive-evaluative ones in both groups of subjects. In general, the study allows us to draw conclusions about the development of the unofficial toponym by Yaroslavl residents and the similarity and differentiation of associative fields in different age groups.
Thematic group “Education” in Russian language (using analysis of Russian jargon dictionary as an example)
Authors: Selezneva Kristina O.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to the lexemes which are entered into the composition of the thematic group “Education”. Some lexemes from Russian jargon dictionary are used. Solid sorting is used as a method. There is a list of the lexemes which are in the groups and minigroups in the thematic group «Education» as a result of the author’s study. The author has done systematization and classification of these lexemes. The author’s study gave an opportunity to sort out the following subgroups and minigroups: Students’ names, Actuals’ names that are connected with education learning process, Teachers’ names, School subjects, Educational institutions, Educational departments, Separate workers’ names in education, Marks, Students and teachers’ names of several educational institutions, Forms of control and types of accounting, Allusions that appear after specific teachers, students and educational workers mentioning. Some subgroups have the following minigroups: Students’ names connecting to their attitude to the study process, Students’ names depending their department, Common students’ names, Students’ names depending their grade, Foreign students’ names, Students’ names depending their duties and privileges, Students’ names depending their interests, Students’ names depending their form of studying, Teachers’ names depending subjects, Teachers’ names depending the allusions connecting with the subject they teach, Common teachers’ names.
Masculinity and Femininity in Yuriko Koike's Speech Style
Authors: Noorsanti Parwati Hadi
Published: June 2021

This study aims at describing Yuriko Koike’s speech style in conducting verbal interaction in public in relation to her profession as a politician and the Governor of Tokyo. In relation to gender stereotypes, women have a feminine speech style while men have a masculine speech style. The activities as a woman politician and leader will indeed affect Yuriko Koike’s language use in public communication, whether she fully incorporates a feminine style or also employs a masculine style. The data of this study is Yuriko Koike’s utterances in verbal interaction taken from YouTube, comprising informal talk shows, formal talk shows, and press conferences. The data are analyzed with the theories of gender and language, as well as speech style, proposed by Holmes and Stubbe (2003) and Talbot (2003). From the data obtained, it can be deduced that Yuriko Koike’s speech style is androgynous, which combines masculine and feminine speech styles. Her speech style, therefore, does not reflect the stereotypical style of the traditional Japanese women, which is polite, soft, unassertive, and indirect. Instead, Yuriko Koike is the depiction of the deconstruction of Japanese women’s communication today, by which she shows herself as a respected leader to her political opponents. Koike generally has a communication style of a leader, that is public, report, lecturing, referentially oriented, problem-solving, dominating, and task/outcome-oriented. Specifically, her masculine speech style includes direct, competitive, independent-autonomy, and dominant, while her feminine styles were effectively oriented-sympathy, rapport, intimacy-connection, collaborative, and supportive feedback.Keywords: speech style; feminine; masculine; Yuriko Koike
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL
Authors: Munir Maryam , Ali Muhammad Shabbir , Iqbal Asif , Farid Muhammad Faisal , Siddique Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: The objectives were to investigate and correlate the learning environment of students and the performance of students at the university level.

Methodology: The study was descriptive. The study population consisted of the students currently studying at GC Women University Faisalabad. The data were computed using descriptive as well as inferential statistics. The self-developed instrument, Learning Environment and Performance Survey [LEPS], was used.

Main Findings: When the learning environment improves the performance of the students also increases strongly. The result showed the weak positive relationship of the learning environment with the performance of urban areas students. On the other hand, there were strong positive relationships of the learning environment with the performance of rural students.

Applications of this study: The study may be applied to investigate and improve the students' learning environment.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The female students had a better learning environment and significantly improved their achievement scores. Rural students had an insignificant difference in their learning environment and performance.
THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY AS A MEDIATOR ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENTS ANXIETY AND ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Bhuttah Tariq Mehmood , Ullah Naeem , Shahid Naseer Ahmad , Sarwat Samina
Published: June 2021

The Purpose of the study: This study investigated the relationship between students' anxiety and students’ engagement towards science in the presence of technology as a mediator. Methodology: For this research, data were collected personally through three different questionnaires for Students’ Academic Engagement, Anxiety towards Science, and Technology Attitude for Learning from the science students of 9th and 10th class at the secondary level. A total of 420 boys and girls participated in the study. The mediating analysis was performed in the Spss21 extension of Preacher and Hayes is used to analyse the data. Main Findings: Findings showed that technology attitude for learning significantly mediates the relationship between anxiety towards science and students’ academic engagement. The levels of students’ academic engagement and technology attitude for learning are higher in male students as compared to female students, whereas anxiety towards science is higher in female students. Similarly, the level of anxiety towards science is significantly higher in 10th class students as compared to students of class 9th. There is no significant difference in academic engagement and technology attitude for learning between 9th and 10th class students. Application of the study: The previous literature has shown the significant negative effect of anxiety on student engagement. While the present research exposed that technology significantly mediates the relationship between anxiety and engagement. It is concluded that technical assistance for science subjects can reduce anxiety and enhance student engagement towards science. Novelty/originality of the study: The integration of technology in the educational settings at the school level is not only crucial for students’ better academic performance, but also it can assist the teacher by introducing new innovative ways of teaching.
STATUS OF MEDIA LITERACY AND RIGHT OF INFORMATION ACT IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Shabbir Taha , Abro Mujeeb , Kumar Hatesh , Gillani Awais H. , Ekhteyar Afsheen
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study: The 18th Amendment in the constitution of Pakistan, which declared in Article 19-A that the right to information was inserted into the constitution, established the right to information "Everyone has the right to information in all issues of public concern, subject to regulation and reasonable limits imposed by law." This study aims to investigate the media status and Act related to the RTI "Right to Information Act" in the country of Pakistan.

Methodology: A survey was used in this analysis to compare the degree to which students at the high school and university levels are subjected to certain critical elements of media literacy education. The data were collected utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods.

Main Findings: According to the findings, students in high school are showing concerns that they are interested in taking more courses of production as well as media usage. Similarly, students in college are also showing more concern that they are interested in taking more media study courses.

Applications of this study: Many data points might provide a distinct view on the economy, as may vast public databases from cities, nations, and government agencies. It is highly possible that using the idea of Access to Open Data might help the Pakistani Government enhance the country's social sector.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The essence of media literacy is supposed to be more dynamic with the rise of social media. It appears to be a new challenge in the eco-system of digital media, which has: the capacity to acquire, analyze, evaluate, and generate information for particular purposes. Finally, this research has described how the Government of Pakistan might outsource some of the previously described activities, adding a new participant into the ecosystem.
Evaluation of Desi Type Chickpea (Cicer artinum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Components in Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Awol , Tefera Mengstu , Kindie Yirga , Bisetegn Sisay , Wudu Eshete , Asres Fentaw , Assefie Seyoum , Dagnachew Wondesen , Tefera Ambachew
Published: June 2021

Background: Chickpea is the second most important legumes next to faba bean in Ethiopia. The productivity of chickpea in the country is below 2 t/ha but its yield potential reaches 5-6 t/ha. The major reasons attributed to non-availability of widely adaptable and high yielding varieties. Therefore; the objective of this experiment was to identify and recommend a widely adaptable and high yielding variety. Methods: Forty genotypes with checks were evaluated in RCB design with three replications at four locations for two years. Phenological and Agronomical data collected and analyzed by using SAS software 9.0 version. Result: The combined analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes. Based on ANOVA and GEI analysis result three promising genotypes namely ICCV-93954, DO47 and ICC-07108 with average seed yield of 2931.5kg/ha, 2731.6kg/ha and 2335.4kg/ha respectively, were selected and verified. Among the verified genotypes ICCV- 93954 has been officially released and recommended in the name of Mitik, for production in the tested and similar areas of chickpea growing in the region.
Effects of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) on Epidemiological and Clinicopathological Parameters of Dairy Cattle
Authors: Mirzad Ahmad Nawid , Haidary Mohammad Hussain , Sohail M. Nasim , Sahab Mohammad Nasim , Alizada Hamidullah , Monis Amanullah , Monir Tawfeeq Mohammad , Upendra H.A.
Published: June 2021

Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is one of the most important metabolic disease of dairy cattle which decrease milk production, dry matter intake, productivity and increase culling rate and even cause death. Methods: In this study the epidemiological status of SARA namely age, breed, stage of lactation, lactation number, general health condition, body condition score, daily milk production, milk fat content and biochemical alteration were investigated. Result: Out of 100 cows examined 20 were found to be positive for SARA and the mean age of dairy cows suffering from SARA was found to be 6.53 ±0.68 years. The prevalence of SARA was 70 and 30 per cent in Jersey and HF breed of cows respectively and was high in mid lactation and the lactation number ranged from 2 to 6. 65 per cent. SARA affected cows were in poor body condition score, milk production and milk fat content was significantly low (P≤ 0.05). The mean GGT (Gamma Glutamyl Transferase) and AST (Asparate aminotransferase) values were significantly increased in SARA affected dairy cows. SARA seems to be a common problem in dairy cattle and it has to be considered when dealing with herd level problems like low milk fat, low milk production, poor body condition and appropriate management measures should be implemented to prevent it.
Prospects and Application of Nanotechnology for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Livestock: A Review
Authors: Bharti Archana , Verma Yamini , Dubey Amita , Swamy Madhu , Singh Ajit Pratap
Published: June 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious and contagious disease caused by various strains of Mycobacterium and the foremost leading cause of death of animal and human population worldwide. Currently available conventional and modern diagnostic techniques are useful but they are neither rapid nor cost effective for early and accurate diagnosis, represents a cornerstone to eradicate TB worldwide by 2030. To overcome this awful situation an innovative strategy i.e. nanotechnology is helpful for early diagnosis of tuberculosis in short time with increased sensitivity and specificity through nano sized biomolecular interaction viz. enhanced visualization of fluorescent signals, visual colorimetric signals of amplified DNA product, nanofluidic technology, nuclear magnetic resonance technology (NMR) and prototype miniaturized device etc. Nanotechnology has introduced new paradigms for molecular diagnostics. However, some constraints of nanodiagnostic tool still there that make obstacle in its worldwide diagnostic use for TB.
Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of Iron-inactivated Pasteurella multocida A:1 Vaccine against Fowl Cholera in Backyard Chicken
Authors: Abhilash M. , Kannaki T.R. , Priyanka E. , Haunshi Santosh
Published: June 2021

Background: Fowl cholera is a highly fatal, contagious bacterial disease that incurs significant economic loss in commercial as well as back-yard poultry. Vaccination is the most effective way in controlling this disease. In this study, we prepared and evaluated the immunogenicity of iron- inactivated Pasteurella multocida A:1 vaccine and its protective efficacy against fowl cholera experimental infection in backyard chicken. Methods: Scaled up Pasteurella multocida A:1 culture with 5 X 108 CFU/ml equivalent to 2.5 mg of antigen per dose was used for preparation of experimental vaccines. Formalin inactivated and mixed with APS adjuvant (FIA), formalin inactivated-Freund adjuvant (FIF), Iron inactivated and adjuvanted with iron (III), Iron inactivated from iron supplemented media and adjuvanted with iron (ISII) and commercial oil emulsion vaccine (CV) were used in the study. A total of 120 Vanaraja birds (n=20/group) of 2 weeks age were immunized with these vaccine and booster were given at 3rd and 6th week with respective vaccine. Specific antibody titers were assessed by iELISA in the serum at weekly intervals. The birds were challenged (n=6 /group) with 5x104 CFU/ml of virulent isolate by intraperitoneal route and morbidity, mortality percentage were observed. Result: Protective antibody titers were induced by iron inactivated vaccine from 4th week of immunization and upon booster doses it induced significantly higher (P less than 0.05) antibody response. The iron inactivated experimental vaccine gave equivalent protection as that of commercial vaccine upon challenge infection.
Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies on the Auricular and Atrio-ventricular Valvular Architecture of Pre-natal Non-descript Sheep
Authors: Sahu S.K. , Mishra U.K. , Sathapathy S.
Published: June 2021

Background: Being the vital organ of circulatory system, the development of the heart before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the incidence of various developmental anomalies. The ultrastructural details of auricular and atrio-ventricular valvular architecture of heart especially in pre-natal sheep has not yet been reported. Methods: The collected foeti of sheep were divided into three age groups viz. early prenatal (up to 50 days), mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days). The samples of auricle, bicuspid and tricuspid valves were processed for scanning electron microscopic study (Scanning Electron Microscope, Make: Hitachi and Model: S-3400N) and subsequently, the samples were viewed and the photographs were taken in the facility available at Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The measurements of various parameters of auricles and valves were also taken at the ultrastructural level by the inbuilt software programming system. The recorded data were subjected to routine statistical analysis. Result: It was revealed that the endocardium was the inner layer of the auricles of heart. The endothelial surface of the auricles was occupied by the simple squamous epithelium. The endothelial cells were elongated in shape in all the age groups. The subendothelial layer was consisted of connective tissue fibers and conducting fibers. The pectinate muscles covered the inner side of the right and left atria and were interconnected having a network like appearance except in mid prenatal stage, i.e. at 96 days of gestation, where they were arranged linearly. There was presence of pores among the pectinate muscles in both the atria in all the age groups under study. The endothelial surface of the bicuspid or mitral and tricuspid valves was lined by simple squamous endothelium that projected into the lumen of the valve. There was presence of pores among the endothelial cells of the valves. Further, the subendothelial layer was present just below the endothelium and comprised of connective tissue fibers and conducting fibers in both the valves. The width of the fibers in bicuspid valve was not uniform and was further categorized into thick and thin fibers especially in the mid prenatal stage, i.e. at 96 days of gestation. There was presence of clusters of pores among the endothelial cells of the tricuspid valve in the heart especially in the late prenatal stage, i.e. at 120 days of gestation period.