bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical note: A theoretical study on the mechanism of citric acid-driven multi-component nucleation of sulfuric acid-base-water clusters
Authors: Gong Xiaoli , Zhu Liyao , Zhang Renyi
Published: February 2024

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is one of the important sources of aerosol and an important reason for the rapid increase of PM2.5 mass concentration in polluted areas. It has been shown that citric acid, present in atmosphere, is a potential precursor of new particles and may play a role in the nucleation process of new particles. However, the exact mechanism by which citric acid contributes to nucleation remain unclear. The thermodynamically stable geometry of SA·AM·Wn·CAm, SA·DMA·Wn·CAm, and SA·AM·DMA·Wn·CAm (n = 0–4, m=0–1) clusters were optimized and the Gibbs free energy and hydration distribution were calculated at the M06-2X/6-311+G(2d, p) level in this study. The results demonstrate that three carboxyl groups (-COOH) and one hydroxyl group (-OH) of citric acid can act as both hydrogen donors and acceptors through hydrogen bonding interactions with sulfuric acid-base-water clusters. This interaction lowers the nucleation barriers (△G﹤ 0), indicating an energetically favorable reaction. At three relative humidities (RH), anhydrous and monohydrate forms dominate in SA·AM·Wn·CA clusters, as well as SA·AM·DMA·Wn·CA (n = 0–4) clusters; while anhydrous form dominates in SA·DMA·Wn·CA (n = 0–4) clusters. These findings suggest that citric acid reduces the hydrophilicity of these clusters. In conclusion, the involvement of citric acid in atmospheric processes is conductive to cluster formation, thereby facilitating the multicomponent nucleation of sulfuric acid-base-water clusters. Overall, our study highlights how citric acid participates in and enhances new particle formation processes.
Novel extensions to the Fisher copula to model flood spatial dependence over North America
Authors: Alexandre Duy Anh , Chaudhuri Chiranjib , Gill-Fortin Jasmin
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Taking into account the spatial dependence of floods is essential for an accurate assessment of fluvial flood risk. We propose novel extensions to the Fisher copula to statistically model the spatial structure of observed historical flood record data across North America. These include a machine-learning based XGBoost model, exploiting the information contained in 130 catchment specific covariates to predict discharge Kendall's τ coefficients between pairs of gauged-ungauged catchments. A novel conditional simulation strategy is utilized to simulate coherent flooding at all catchments efficiently. After subdividing North America into 14 hydrological regions and 1.8 million catchments, applying our methodology allows to obtain synthetic flood event sets with spatial dependence, magnitudes and frequency resembling those of the historical events. The different components of the model are validated using several measures of dependence and extremal dependence to compare the observed and simulated events. The obtained event set is further analyzed and supports the conclusions from a reference paper in flood spatial modeling. We find a non-trivial relationship between the spatial extent of a flood event and its peak magnitude.
Compensatory effects conceal large uncertainties in the modelled processes behind the ENSO-CO2 relationship
Authors: Dunkl István , Bastos Ana , Ilyina Tatiana
Published: February 2024

Abstract. A large fraction of the interannual variations in the global carbon cycle can be explained and predicted by the impact of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on net biome production (NBP). It is therefore crucial that the relationship between ENSO and NBP is correctly represented in Earth system model (ESMs). With this work, we look beyond the top-down ENSO-CO2 relationship in 22 CMIP6 ESMs by describing their characteristic ENSO-NBP pathways. These pathways result from the configuration of three interacting processes which contribute to the overall ENSO-CO2 relationship: ENSO-strength, ENSO-induced climate anomalies, and the sensitivity of NBP to climate. The analysed ESMs agree on the direction of the sensitivity of global NBP to ENSO, but have very large uncertainty in its magnitude, with a global NBP anomaly of -0.15 PgC yr-1 to -2.13 PgC yr-1 per standardised El Niño event. The largest source of uncertainty is the differences in the sensitivity of NBP to climate. The uncertainty among the ESMs grows even further when only the differences in NBP sensitivity to climate are considered. This is because differences in the climate sensitivity of NBP are partially compensated by ENSO strength. There is a similar phenomenon regarding the distribution of ENSO-induced climate anomalies. We show that even model that agree on global NBP anomalies have strong disagreements in the contribution of different regions to the global anomaly. This analysis shows, that while ESMs can have a comparable ENSO-induced CO2 anomaly, the carbon fluxes contributing to this anomaly originate from different regions and are caused by different drivers. The consequence of these alternative ENSO-NBP pathways can be a false confidence in the reproduction of CO2 by assimilating the ocean, and the dismissal of predictive performance offered through ENSO. We suggest to improve the underlying processes by using large-scale carbon flux data for model tuning in order to capture the ENSO-induced NBP anomaly patterns. The increasing availability of carbon flux data from atmospheric inversions and remote sensing products makes this a tangible goal and would lead to a better representation of the processes driving the interannual variability of the global carbon cycle.
Short communication: Inverse correlation between radiation damage and fission-track etching time on monazite
Authors: Nakajima Toru , Fukuda Shoma , Sueoka Shigeru , Niki Sota , Kawakami Tetsuo , Danhara Tohru , Tagami Takahiro
Published: February 2024

Abstract. In this study, we explored the impacts of radiation damage and chemical composition on the etching time of monazite fission-track (MFT). Despite the potential of MFT as an ultra-low-temperature thermochronology, the comprehensive effects of radiation damage and non-formula elements, especially on the etching rate of MFT, remain unexplored, and established analytical procedures are lacking. We quantified the degree of radiation damage (ΔFHWM) of Cretaceous to Quaternary monazites distributed in the Japan arc through Raman spectroscopy and chemical composition analyses. Subsequently, MFT etching was performed to examine the correlation between these parameters and the etching time. Estimation of the degree of radiation damage showed an increase in radiation damage corresponding to the cooling age of each geological unit. For example, Monazites from Quaternary geological units, the Toya ignimbrite (ca. 0.1 Ma) and the Kurobegawa granodiorite (ca. 0.8 Ma), have ΔFHWM of 0.48 and 0.70 cm-1, respectively. In contrast, the Muro ignimbrite (ca. 15 Ma) has a ΔFHWM of 4.11 cm⁻¹, while Cretaceous granitoids, including the Kibe granite and the Sagawa granite, yielded 7.42 and 6.40 cm⁻¹, respectively. MFT etching of these samples according to the existing recipe (6M HCl at 90 °C for 60–90 minutes) was completed at 1200, 860, 210, 120, and 90 minutes for Toya ignimbrite, Kurobegawa granodiorite, Muro ignimbrite, Sagawa granite, and Kibe granite respectively. These outcomes highlight an inverse relationship between MFT etching time and the degree of radiation damage in monazite, while the correlation between MFT etching time and chemical composition was unclear. The results affirm earlier considerations that the etching rate of MFT is strongly influenced by radiation damage. Conversely, young samples with lower levels of radiation damage exhibit higher chemical resistance, suggesting that existing etching recipes may not adequately etch MFT.
Dynamic averaging of anisotropic interactions and its dependence on motional time scales in MAS solid-state NMR
Authors: Aebischer Kathrin , Becker Lea Marie , Schanda Paul , Ernst Matthias
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Dynamic processes in molecules can occur on a large range of time scales, and it is important to understand which time scales of motion contribute to different parameters used in dynamics measurements. For spin relaxation, this can easily be understood from the sampling of the spectral-density function by different relaxation-rate constants. In addition to data from relaxation measurements, determining dynamically-averaged anisotropic interactions in magic-angle spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR allows better quantification of the amplitude of molecular motion. For partially averaged anisotropic interactions, the relevant time scales of motion are not so clearly defined and whether the averaging depends on the experimental methods (e.g., pulse sequences) or conditions (e.g., MAS frequency, magnitude of anisotropic interaction, rf-field amplitudes) is not fully understood. To investigate these questions, we performed numerical simulations of dynamic systems based on the stochastic Liouville equation using several experiments for recoupling the dipolar-coupling, CSA or quadrupolar coupling. The transition between slow motion, where parameters characterizing the anisotropic interaction are not averaged, and fast motion, where the tensors are averaged leading to a scaled anisotropic quantity, occurs over a window of motional rate constants that depends mainly on the strength of the interaction. This transition region can span two orders of magnitude in exchange-rate constants (typically in the μs range) but depends only marginally on the employed recoupling scheme or sample spinning frequency. Residual couplings in off-magic-angle experiments, however, average over longer time scales of motion. While in principle one may gain information on the time scales of motion from the transition area, extracting such information is hampered by low signal-to-noise ratio in experimental spectra due to fast relaxation that occurs in the same region.
A PERANCANGAN DESAIN KEMASAN UMKM NUSAPAD (NUSANTARA DESK PAD) DALAM MEMBENTUK CITRA PRODUK
Authors: Agus Agus darmawan
Published: February 2024

Menurut data Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM, UMKM memberikan kontribusi sekitar 60,5% terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) Nasional, menunjukkan peran signifikan dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi. Pendataan koperasi dan UMKM dilakukan bersama BPS pada 2023. Hingga Juni 2023, sekitar 22,68 juta UMKM telah mengadopsi onboarding digital, mencerminkan adaptasi terhadap perkembangan teknologi.Desain kemasan memiliki peran besar dalam membangun citra merek yang kuat. Selain menciptakan identitas mudah dikenali, desain yang menarik secara visual memiliki kemampuan untuk menarik perhatian konsumen dan menciptakan kesan positif. Desain kemasan yang unik menjadi kunci dalam membedakan produk di pasar yang kompetitif. Kemasan tidak hanya melindungi produk tetapi juga berfungsi sebagai alat komunikasi efektif untuk menyampaikan informasi tentang merek, keunggulan produk, dan cerita merek.UMKM NUSAPAD, produsen Dak Pad bertema Nusantara, menghadapi kendala karena desain kemasan yang kurang menarik. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis merencanakan desain kemasan untuk memperkuat citra produk UMKM tersebut, menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan desain kemasan, dengan menambahkan identitas, ilustrasi, dan informasi pada kemasan, dapat meningkatkan citra produk dan meningkatkan minat beli konsumen.
PERANCANGAN KOMIK DIGITAL “IBU KITA KARTINI” SEBAGAI MEDIA MEMPERKENALKAN PAHLAWAN INDONESIA UNTUK ANAK SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Nugraha Rifky , Raray Istianah  , Hesti Astuti
Published: February 2024

Mengenal tokoh pahlawan Indonesia merupakan bagian dari pembelajaran sejarah dan pembentukan identitas nasional. Dengan mengenal, jiwa rela berkorban dan cinta Tanah Air dapat tertanam dalam setiap insan bangsa Indonesia, terutama generasi muda sebagai penerus bangsa. Tingkat pengenalan generasi muda terhadap tokoh-tokoh pahlawan nasional masih rendah. Metode yang di gunakan dimulai dari jenis penelitian yang akan di gunakan, objek penelitian yang akan diteliti lebih dalam, subjek penelitian yang melibatkan beberapa pihak, lokasi penelitian, pengambilan sampel penelitian, Teknik pengumpulan data, Teknik analisis data, penarikan kesimpulan dan alur perancangan desain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menggugah minat anak-anak Indonesia dan mempelajari kisah perjuangan dan kepribadian, serta nilai keteladanan pahlawan Indonesia salah satunya R.A Kartini melalui komik digital
فعل الأمر في ضوء اللسانيات الحاسوبية
Authors: Alzaben Ahlam
Published: February 2024

The present study aims to employ computational linguistic as a mold for reconstructing Arabic grammar generally, and imperative verb specifically, in an attempt to exceed the traditional description of the cognitive human awareness to a specification which is close enough to language concept.

The study regards "Imperative verb" as a model through which a new perspective of Arabic grammar is presented, taking computational linguistics into account, and going beyond description to specification.

The principal objective of the present study is to rim language with computational frames, demonstrate and describe the ambiguities and complexities facing these frames, and base data that are automatically generated about the nature of the speaker’s awareness of the language. This step starts with defining the parts of the words up to identifying the imperative verb-the model investigated in the present study. Also, it goes beyond the computational description that considers linguistic issues that converge with the model under investigation, morphologically, phonologically, syntactically, and semantically.

Objectives:

Introducing computational linguistics: description and specification

Specifying imperative verb in terms of unaugmentation and addition through exploring: trilateral unaugmented imperative verb both strong and weak.

Specifying the structure of imperative verb computationally.

Complexities of clarifying the imperative verb

Results/ Conclusion

The present study has reached to a group of results that can be summarized as follows:

Considering computational linguistics and computerizing the Arabic language in a way that assists in promoting its contribution in knowledge community and specifying research projects in the field.

Presenting a model that suits to be the basis of specifying other areas of grammar.

Establishing a mathematical database with the air of giving computer linguistic intuition that is as close as possible to that of the native speaker. The goal is to reach a computational ability that distinguishes right and wrong, permissible, or un-permissible.
Solving Traffic congestion using Artificial Intelligence: A review
Authors: Usman Muhammad
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence(AI) is the new electricity, that can assist any system present in the world. In this paper, we have discussed AI and its associated technologies currently available for traffic management. AI can be incorporated into traffic lights to make them smart and to meet new challenges. AI can also be used in combination with IOTs and in autonomous cars to make traffic flow easier, lower time wastage, decrease fuel consumption, and benefit the environment.
Comprehensive Survey of Cutting-Edge Methods for Software Architecture Evaluation
Authors: Sajid Amna , Arshad Muhammad Waqas
Published: February 2024

The crucial responsibility of assessing software architecture is of utmost importance in ensuring that a software system conforms to superior qualities. It is a crucial tool for cutting expenses and labor during the course of the software development lifecycle. The main goal of software architecture evaluation is to provide reliable methods for determining and improving the quality characteristics that are innate in software. This study is deeply devoted to investigating the wide range of techniques used in software architecture assessment. One of the main focuses of these evaluation techniques is scenario-based assessments, which offer a comprehensive picture of the software's behavior under different circumstances. Within the scope of this study, a thorough analysis is carried out on eighteen different methods. Thirteen of these fall into the category of early evaluation techniques, which are positioned to detect and address architectural problems at the outset of development. The other five strategies are classified as late assessment techniques and focus on validating and optimizing the software architecture in the latter stages of the development process.
Detection of Emulation Attacks in Cognitive Radio Networks using Heuristic Techniques
Authors: Mahmood Jabbar , Qamar Rahim Ali , Latif Shahzad
Published: February 2024

This paper discusses the issue of primary user emulation attacks (PUEAs) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). These attackers imitate the signal characteristics of primary users (PUs), preventing secondary users (SUs) from accessing their assigned spectrum. The research focuses on detecting PUEAs using the time difference of arrivals (TDOA) to detect the attacker and reduce detection errors using heuristic techniques. Differential evolution (DE) and cuckoo search (CS) algorithms are utilized to optimize detection accuracy. Simulation results confirm that the proposed CS algorithm outperforms and gives better performance as compared to the DE algorithm.
Global warming and Ice Nucleation in Central Himalayas: A Case Study of Skardu District
Authors: Khan Ali Akber , Ahmed Iftekhar , Qamar Khalid , Aqsa Tahreem
Published: February 2024

Water is an essential need for life and demand for water supply is exponentially increasing with elevating human population. Ice nucleation plays a fundamental role in shaping precipitation patterns and influencing the Earth's climate system. Skardu's unique location amidst the Karakorum. As temperatures decrease, there is a noticeable increase in stream water and ice melt water, potentially impacting biological activity and ecological processes. Following Vali’s equation and finding number of frozen drops from -1 to -10 degree Celsius after 5 mints incubation at each degree. The correlation between temperature and frozen drops adds complexity, highlighting the heightened sensitivity of environmental phenomena to temperature variations, with frozen drops peaking at extremely low temperatures. Ice nucleation results at Skardu showed that stream water can maximize IN 17.5 times from its starting point of freezing points while ice melt water increased 9 times, sediments 5 times. Biotic factors of plant 1 and plant 2 showed 25 times and 24 times increase in IN from starting point of freezing. Result of IN at Shigari showed, stream water increased 9.5 times, ICM increased 9 times, sediment 4 times, plant 21 times and plant 2 showed 23.5 times from their first freezing happened. Cold desert, IN results showed that stream water increased 11 times, ICM 19 times, sediments 4 times, plant-1 25 times and plant-2 24.5 times increased in IN from their first freezing point.
Efficiency Analysis of Pharmaceutical Companies in Pakistan: A Case Study of Ten Famous Companies
Authors: Riaz Madiha , Kazmi Syed Mumtaz Ali , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Hussain Altaf
Published: February 2024

Pharmaceutical companies contribute a remarkable amount to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment, and poverty reduction. Pakistan has a very dynamic and reforming Pharmaceutical Industry. Around 759 pharmaceutical companies are operating in Pakistan. However, the study selected 10 leading pharmaceutical companies as a sample. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied to analyse the efficiency of Pharmaceutical companies in selecting Total Assets, Liabilities, Equity, Salaries, Wages and other benefits, Sales, Earning Per Share (EPS), Dividend Per Share (DPS), and Return on Equity (ROE). The study ranked the pharmaceutical companies about the optimum utilization of input resources and to maximize the output that provides a guideline to other pharmaceutical companies to increase their revenues by improving their resource utilization following the leading companies’ models. Moreover, adopting the same strategy in figuring out ways to increase their efficiencies. This increase in efficiency will make the entire industry better off. It will also increase the GDP of the country.
Exploring Heads’ Perspective on Social Justice for Students in Higher Education Institutions in Pakistan
Authors: Uzair-ul-Hassan Muhammad , Zaytouni Anas
Published: February 2024

Equal opportunity does not imply equal treatment: rather it means fair treatment (Ghosh, 2012). Fair treatment and providing equal opportunities to enhance individual’s capability, irrespective of any personal or societal differences, can contribute in providing excellence in education that leads to social justice. The objective of the study was to explore heads’ perspectives of students’ equitable access to educational resources, equitable participation and equitable outcomes in higher education. The study had also explored heads’ perspectives on students’ personal barriers to social justice and equity. To explore the perspective of heads on social justice for students in universities, data had been collected from 17 leaders working in higher education, by using multistage sampling technique. An interview protocol was developed to explore the perspective on social justice connected to leaders for bringing improvements in education so that all students get equal opportunities to excel in education. The results presented less positive situation of social justice and equity in public sector higher education. The study recommends that the education system needs to consider social justice and equity to ensure heads’ commitment to social justice and equity principles, leading to equal opportunities for making students’ capability better in higher education institutions in Pakistan.
Measuring Financial Inclusion Index for Developing Countries
Authors: Ejaz Mehak , Hasan Rabia
Published: February 2024

This research focuses on the multifaceted realm of financial inclusion within Developing Countries. It unfolds a meticulous exploration by formulating a financial inclusion index based on data extracted from a sample comprising 75 Developing Countries, spanning the period from 2010 to 2018. The index's creation comprises of two distinct stages. In stage one, a principal component analysis is applied to derive sub-indices encapsulating the dimensions of access, utilization of financial services, technological advancements, and infrastructure, drawing from an array of 24 financial indicators. Subsequently, the second stage normalizes values within each dimension, culminating in an overall index through the application of the Euclidean Formula. The findings of this study emphasized the pivotal role of a National Financial Inclusion Strategy in enhancing financial inclusion in each respective country. Customization of these strategies to align with specific economic goals of each nation is paramount. Central to these objectives are primary priorities, which diverge among countries. Notably, countries like Romania, Serbia, and Mauritius place a premium on fostering financial literacy, while others such as Pakistan, Costa Rica, Rwanda, and Guinea emphasize the growth of Small and Medium Enterprises. In contrast, nations like Guatemala, Mauritania, Thailand, and Ukraine concentrate on expanding their financial networks. Furthermore, countries grappling with low levels of financial inclusion attribute this challenge to factors such as deficient financial literacy, the absence of a well-defined financial inclusion strategy, financial constraints, a preference for traditional financial services, and limited awareness surrounding digital innovations. Conversely, nations boasting moderate levels of financial inclusion, yet not progressing towards higher levels, point to the dearth of technological innovation and restricted prudential measures as pivotal stumbling blocks. This comprehensive analysis underscores the necessity of dynamic strategies tailored to individual countries to achieve robust financial inclusion on a global scale.
Navigating Apropos Midst Kautilya’s Mandala’s Ploy and Contemporary India’s International Relations Plays: An Analysis
Authors: Nisar Rana Danish , Kaleem Mehwish , Abbas Ali , Haider Waqar
Published: February 2024

The foremost objective of the study is to provide pragmatic in-depth analysis of India’s contemporary offensive as well as hegemonic backed-strategies regarding dealing with neighbors by following kautliya "Arthashastra” wisdom which reciprocate is the main pillar of India’s foreign policy since inception. The study examines the relationship between Kautilya's Mandala theory, a cornerstone of ancient Indian foreign policy expertise, and how it informs modern India's approaches to international relations. Kautilya's Mandala theory is presented in the "Arthashastra," which highlights the intricate interconnection of surrounding states by visualizing a circle of alliances and conflicts influencing a central authority. In India's current foreign policy endeavors, the Mandala concept remains vital. India's policy of 'Neighborhood First' towards its neighbors is a reflection of the Mandala's focus on fostering relationships with neighboring governments to uphold regional peace and safeguard national interests as well as aligns India's with multilateral forums, bilateral partnerships, and strategic alliances. The applicability of Kautilya's Mandala theory to the challenges and opportunities of India's current global engagement is thoroughly examined in this essay. It looks at how India strikes a balance between the ideals of the Mandala and the challenges of contemporary international relations, taking into account the varied players, interests, and shifting dynamics of the global scene? It also takes into account how India's objectives of strategic autonomy, regional dominance, and worldwide leadership are aided by this adaptability? This study is qualitative in nature and follows analytical, descriptive methods along with content and desk analysis.
Factors Influencing Speaking and Listening Skills of ESL Learners at University Level in Sindh
Authors: Bango Zaheer Ahmed , Channa Saleemullah , Niaz Paras
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the factors impacting the speaking and listening of ESL learners at the university level in Sindh, Pakistan. The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research methods, targeting ESL learners from twenty universities across various districts in Sindh, including Larkana, Khairpur, Jamshoro, and Karachi. Through the survey technique, the researchers distributed an online questionnaire with seven closed-ended and two open-ended questions to 360 research participants of both genders via Email and WhatsApp for data collection. The data was then analyzed using frequency and thematic approaches and presented in tables and respectively appendices A, B, and C, which cover demography, quantitative questions, and qualitative results. The results indicate that vocabulary, class environment, cultural influence, motivation and confidence, and cognitive processing are significant factors influencing speaking and listening skills of ESL learners. Additionally, the research proposes practical and dynamic solutions to address the challenges affecting the speaking and listening skills of ESL learners which are valuable for decision-makers in the academic sector, individuals, teachers, and other stakeholders.
Literate & Technical Female Labour Force Participation in Pakistan’s Economic Change
Authors: Fatima Kainat , Saeed Muhammad Zubair , Ahmed Zujaj , Kanwal Ambereen
Published: February 2024

This study examines the relationship among “female labour force participation”, “technical education”, and “economic growth” in Pakistan. As we know, there is more prosperity when skilled females become part of the economy. The authors assessed the secondary data sources from 2001-2020 and applied various diagnostics based on the theoretical background and research methodologies. Specifically, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag is applied for analysis as per the nature of the data. This study provides insight into how increasing the “female labour force participation rate” with “technical education” spurs “economic growth” in Pakistan. The empirical results show that technical education, female labor force participation rate, male labor force participation rate, and gross fixed capital formation positively influence economic growth. Only the inflation rate and exchange rate hurt economic growth. This study aims to guide policymakers, educators, and economic stakeholders towards measures to maximize the benefits of increased “female labour force participation” and improved technical education in Pakistan. Its results are giving more deep understanding of some critical aspects of women’s employment and empowerment and provide more practical ideas for prosperous future of Pakistan. However, the study has some limitations like constraints in resources, time and specific targeted data.
The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly: Fault Lines in Ecofeminism
Authors: Jabeen Neelam
Published: February 2024

Women’s association with nature has been debated for long now. Some have moved beyond this debate and have started to look at the repercussions of this assemblage more than its reasons. In this paper, I use a South-Asian/postcolonial text to show that there are fault lines within women-nature assemblage. Pertaining to the study of women-nature connection in literature, there are limited representations that are studied and theorized: a) women as showing care and compassion for nature and life in general, or showing a lack thereof owing to internalized patriarchy, or their material circumstances; b) women and nature being oppressed by androcentrism; c) women in biomorphic unity with nature. In literature, when women are shown in biomorphic unity with nature, the depiction is usually that of a pleasant natural environment where women are shown to be one with nature. What is least studied and lacks theorization is that women-nature connection where neither women nor nature is in its best form. I call it bad-women-bad-nature connection.
Investigating Success Factors in Admission Test at Grade 8: A Survey Study of Cadet Colleges in Pakistan
Authors: Behlol Malik Ghulam , Khan Salma Nazar , Masood Faiza , Jabeen Farkhanda , Khurshid Farhana
Published: February 2024

The fairness of the test for taking admission to prestigious institutions is a debatable issue across the globe. The majority of institutions apply a ‘traditional meritocratic approach’ to award admission on the basis of grades and admission tests. This paradigm does not fulfil the needs of marginalized, low socio-economic, poor-quality background students. The present study is descriptive and quantitative in nature, investigated the socioeconomic and academic factors of the students who were successful in securing admission to Cadet Colleges after passing the test and interview.  We constructed two interview questionnaires for data collection from applicants. The sample of the study was comprised of 228 students for the session 2022 in selected institutions. The findings of the study highlight the low Socio-Economic Status as a strong factor in getting admission in prestigious education institutions. The results despairingly indicate that the admission test and stipulations at the interview to get enrolled in the institution do not equally address the learning competence of different streams thus putting a question about the national integration and cohesion that discourages marginalization of students from low Socio-Economic Status.  The results of the study stress measures to be taken by the policymakers for the formulation of admission tests that equally correspond to ensuring equal competition opportunities for students with varying socio-economic and educational systems backgrounds.
Environmental Influences on Rabi Crops using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Mianwali District
Authors: Khan Ali Akber , Ahmed Iftekhar , Qamar Mahmood Khalid , Haider Rizwan
Published: February 2024

Current study aims at to analyze the environmental influence on Rabi crops and to analyze the rainfall pattern with the vegetation pattern. Despite a declining GDP contribution, agriculture remains a fundamental pillar of Pakistan's economy, supporting livelihoods, nutrition, and export earnings. Focused on Mianwali District, the research integrates data from Landsat satellites, MODIS LST, and rainfall records to untangle relationships between environmental factors and Rabi crop productivity. Analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) provides insights into crop health by revealing variations in vegetation cover. Land Surface Temperature (LST) data offers perspectives on thermal conditions during the Rabi season, crucial for understanding water stress. Rainfall data assists in assessing water availability and its impact on crop yield. Correlation analysis highlights the direct impact of environmental conditions on agricultural productivity. Temporal trends show diversification in crop types, with "High Crops" on an upward trajectory, while the overall crop area in Mianwali District consistently decreases, possibly linked to changing environmental patterns. Land Surface Temperature conditions suggest potential environmental adaptations, supported by a decrease in LST values from 2000 to 2022, indicating improved thermal conditions or adaptive strategies. Rainfall analysis underscores the significance of understanding climatic patterns for sustainable agriculture. The correlation between NDVI and LST emphasizes vegetation sensitivity to thermal conditions, providing valuable insights for ecological studies and precision agriculture. The positive correlation between Rainfall and NDVI highlights the crucial role of water availability in fostering vegetation health and guiding sustainable agricultural practices.
Continuing Professional Development for Lis Professionals in University Libraries of Punjab
Authors: Mehmood Syed Tahir , Younus Muhammad
Published: February 2024

A study was conducted to assess the competencies, needs, and trends in continuing professional development for Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals in university libraries in Punjab, Pakistan. The study covered both public and private sector universities and included sub-campuses. Data was gathered through convenience sampling using questionnaires distributed through various methods. The findings revealed that LIS professionals were well-versed in certain aspects of their field, such as library advocacy, ethics, and collection management. However, they exhibited a moderate level of familiarity with other areas, including the lifecycle of information, cataloging standards, and organizational principles. The study identified areas where LIS professionals required further training, including communication skills, knowledge of library history, problem-solving techniques, awareness of social and cultural policies, legal frameworks, and various aspects of information lifecycle management. Additionally, the study identified several barriers to continuing professional development, such as a lack of interest, limited resources, a shortage of experts, inadequate infrastructure, time constraints, unsupportive work environments, and a scarcity of training opportunities in the country. In summary, the study highlighted the need for targeted professional development opportunities for LIS professionals in Punjab, Pakistan, while recognizing the challenges they face in accessing such opportunities.
Impact of Entertainment Industry on Perceived Quality of Life, Stress and Frustration Among Female Viewers
Authors: Waqar Aqsa , Majid Saira , Zafar Ayesha , Aziz Abdul
Published: February 2024

The research investigated that how morning shows, movies and dramas would affect females and how they cerate’s stress and frustration among them. The sample of current study was (N=300). Perceived stress, basic need satisfaction and frustration and perceived quality of life scale were used to collect data. Data analysed by descriptive, Correlation, Anova and t-test. Result shows there is negative correlation among quality of life and stress. Negative correlation among frustration and quality of life. And positive correlation among stress and frustration. This study is beneficial to understand impact of morning shows, movies and dramas on female viewers and their impact on their lives. Suggestions and implementations have also been discussed.
Terai Regionalism in Nepal
Authors: Latif Muhammad Ijaz , Faisal Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The paper examines the changing regional scenario of Terai issue and its political images with the central government in Kathmandu. The obliging role of regional political movements, elites, identity and ethnic groups is also examined in the context of Terai regionalism while focusing on the internal political development. The article also analyzes their quest for autonomy and their consequences on federalism in Nepal. The paper concludes with the remarks that constitutional role of governance and decentralized principles of federalism can perform their role in accommodating Terai civic and constitutional quest with the central government. The institutional role of political elites will count an important position in the present circumstances on their basis with the regional and national political parties.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВОПРОСОВ АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ ПРОЦЕССОВ ДОЛГОВРЕМЕННОГО ХРАНЕНИЯ ОВОЩЕЙ И ФРУКТОВ НА ОСНОВЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ОБОНЯНИЯ
Authors: Сатыбалдина Дина , Сеилов Шахмаран , Нуржаубаев Акниет , Абильдинов Диас
Published: February 2024

В рамках выполнения задач обеспечения продовольственной безопасности Республики Казахстан необходимо проводить работы по повышению количества, качества и ассортимента отечественных продуктов на рынке, в том числе не только увеличивая объемы производства, но и за счет технической модернизации предприятий агропромышленного комплекса, реализации инновационных проектов по созданию «умных» овощехранилищ. В этой связи становятся актуальными исследования по разработке и внедрению недорогих, компактных и мобильных устройств для мониторинга газового состава, климатических параметров среды хранения, чтобы в режиме реального времени отслеживать уровень свежести овощей, сокращать пищевые отходы. В настоящей работе представлены результаты исследования условий долговременного хранения фруктов и овощей для идентификации оптимальных параметров для поддержания среды хранения, предотвращения роста бактерий с использованием сенсорных технологий газового состава, методов распознавания образов и Интернета роботизированных вещей. На основе анализа нормативных требований к средам хранения овощей, литературных данных по применению мультисенсорных газоаналитических систем типа «электронный нос» для идентификации качества продуктов и патогенных микроорганизмов, вызывающих развитие грибковых и бактериальных болезней овощей и фруктов, обоснован выбор типов газоаналитических сенсоров для разработки системы искусственного обоняния.
3D LIDAR СЕНСОРЫНЫҢ КӨМЕГІМЕН ШАҒЫН ҰШҚЫШСЫЗ ҰШУ АППАРАТТАРЫН АНЫҚТАУДЫ ЗЕРТТЕУ
Authors: Сейдалиева Улжалгас , Барысова Әмина , Смайлов Нұржігіт , Кашаганова Гүлжан
Published: February 2024

Ұшқышсыз ұшатын аппараттары ғылымда, бизнесте, әскери салада, тіпті жеке oйын-сауық үшін де әртүрлі тапсырмаларды орындап, адамдарға қарқынды қызмет етуде. Онымен қоса, олар инфрақұрылымды нысанаға алу, жақын маңдағы тұрғындарды мазалау және әуе көлігіне кедергі жасау сияқты зиянды мақсаттар үшін де жиі қолданылуда. Ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратының шағын габаритті өлшемі оны анықтауды қиынға соқтырып, проблема туғызады. Көптеген дәстүрлі әдістер мен технологиялар бұл тапсырманы шешуге дұрыс сәйкес келмеуі мүмкін. Бұл жұмыс ұшқышсыз ұшу аппаратын анықтау үшін жарықты және қашықтықты анықтау (LiDAR) сенсорын пайдаланудың техникалық-экономикалық бағалауын сипаттайды. VL53L0x лазерлік қашықтық өлшегіштің ұшу уақыты (ToF) сенсорлық модулі жоғары дәлдіктегі қашықтықты өлшеу үшін пайдаланылды. Нәтижелер LiDAR сенсорларын пайдалану кезінде жұмыс ауқымы нысанды анықтау жылдамдығына айтарлықтай әсер ететінін көрсетті. Атап айтқанда, нысан мен сенсор арасындағы қашықтық 30 м-ден асқанда анықтау жылдамдығы күрт төмендейді.
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ТЕЛЕМЕТРИРУЕМЫХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ СО СТРУКТУРНОЙ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Нұрғизат Еркебұлан , Аязбай Абу-Алим , Исимов Нурдаулет , Узбекбаев Арман
Published: February 2024

Данная статья рассматривает проблему трёхмерной оценки траектории и фильтрации телеметрии со структурной неоднородностью в контексте определения цели боевого снаряда. В работе представлены математическая модель и метод фильтра Калмана, позволяющие эффективно учитывать шум и неопределённость в измерениях и динамике системы. Модель включает уравнения предсказания и обновления состояния, а также матрицы перехода, управления, наблюдений и ковариации шумов. Математическая модель на Matlab реализует данную модель и визуализирует результаты оценки состояния и трекинга траектории. Анализ модели исследует применение фильтра Калмана для обработки телеметрии со структурной неоднородностью и подчёркивает его важность в достижении более точной оценки траектории и определения цели боевого снаряда. В целом, данная статья обобщает проблему трёхмерной оценки траектории и фильтрации телеметрии со структурной неоднородностью, представляет математическую модель и метод фильтра Калмана, а также подчёркивает их применимость и эффективность в определении цели боевого снаряда. Это исследование имеет важное значение для разработки и улучшения систем трекинга и наведения, которые играют ключевую роль в успешном выполнении боевых задач.
ВЫЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНЫЕ СХЕМЫ ОЦЕНКИ ЭНЕРГИИ ОТРАЖЕННОГО РАДИОСИГНАЛА ГНСС ОТ ВОЗДУШНОГО ОБЪЕКТА
Authors: Богуспаев Нурлан , Кадиркулов Шингис , Раскалиев Алмат , Кобдикова Шамсигүл , Самсоненко Анатолий
Published: February 2024

В данной статье разработан процесс вычислительной схемы оценки энергии отраженного от воздушного объекта и принятого на антенну навигационного приемника радиосигнала ГНСС. Для успешной реализации задачи радиолокации воздушных объектов с использованием бистатической локации воздушных объектов с использованием спутниковой навигационной системы ГНСС, необходимо предварительно оценить мощность или энергетический потенциал спутникового навигационного сигнала, отраженного от воздушного объекта, а затем принятого на антеннах спутниковой аппаратуры потребителей. Полученные результаты, представленные в виде разработанных вычислительных схем, лягут в основу алгоритмического и программного обеспечения системы пассивной радиолокации и позволят определить требования к ее техническому обеспечению, проводимых в рамках грантового проекта МОН РК № AP09260581.
АЛГОРИТМ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ ПУТЕЙ ДЛЯ ГРУППЫ РОБОТОВ, ДВИЖУЩИХСЯ В ДВУХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯХ В СРЕДЕ С НЕПОДВИЖНЫМИ ПРЕПЯТСТВИЯМИ
Authors: Бектилевов Алдаберген , Сабитов Темірлан , Тасболатова Лаура , Рахметова Перизат , Керимкулов Данияр
Published: February 2024

В данной статье предложен алгоритм построения путей для группы роботов, движущихся в двух измерениях в среде с неподвижными препятствиями.   Препятствия и карта местности задаются в виде множества отрезков. Разработана программа, реализующая алгоритм. Представлены результаты работы программы, рассмотрены достоинства и недостатки алгоритма. Алгоритм по принципу работы схож с RRT, поэтому наиболее эффективен для карт с малым количеством замкнутых пространств. Программа написана на языке C++ с использованием средств Qt и доступна для скачивания.
FUZZY MODELS FOR AIR QUAITY MONITORING TECHNOLOGY IN AERODROME
Authors: Lekerova Fariza , Alibekkyzy Karlygash , Belginova Saule , Adikanova Saltanat , Tulaev Victor
Published: February 2024

This article aims to develop a methodology, which can improve the reliability of monitoring air pollution results in the aerodrome environment in the case of Almaty airport. In order to achieve this goal, the Digital Transformation technology was analytically justified and considered. To solve this multidimensional problem effectively in the conditions of the aerodrome environment, a number of problems were investigated theoretically and practical recommendations were proposed. Furthermore, a vector of atmospheric ingredients which pollutes the aerodrome environment was formed which takes into account the natural-climatic and geographical features of the Almaty airport. An expert analysis was carried out to find out an impact of contaminants to the aerodrome atmospheric environment of Almaty airport. In addition, a model of integrated assessment has been developed to analyse the quality of the aerodrome habitat per person. Also, a technological solution based on an UAV has been developed for a control and measurement process which monitors the air quality. This is carried out with the help of monitoring system control operator who specifies a height and radius of an aerodrome virtual atmospheric “cylinder”. Also, formal models have been developed with the function of statistical characteristics of the parameters of a multi-agent control in order to assess and predict the risks of air quality control near an aerodrome environment. Finally, a computer experiment was carried out and 3D models of the simulation results were built.
МАШИНА ЖАСАУ ӨНДІРІСІНІҢ ҚҰРЫЛҒЫ ТОРАПТАРЫН ЖОБАЛАУҒА АРНАЛҒАН АВТОМАТТАНДЫРЫЛҒАН ЖҮЙЕЛЕР
Authors: Майлыбаев Ерсайын , Морокина Галина , Джамангарин Дусмат
Published: February 2024

Бұл мақала инженерлік өндіріске арналған бағдарламалық жасақтамасы бар құрылғылардың құрылысын талдауға қатысты. Сапаны жақсарту үшін өндірістің негізгі параметрлерін оңтайландыру қажет. Маңызды және заманауи тренд пайдалы және аса қымбат емес бағдарламалық жасақтама әзірлеу үшін бағдарламалық платформаны дайындау болып табылады. Интеграциялық бағдарламалар машина жасау саласындағы дизайн құрылғылары үшін бағдарламалық жасақтаманың жаңа модульдерін жасауға мүмкіндік береді. Қазіргі заманғы басқару жүйелері үшін құрылғылардың жеке бөліктерінің негізгі элементтерін талдау бағдарламаларына шолу жасалды. Жобалау идеясын Trace mode біріктірілген бағдарламалық жүйемен байланыстыруға болатыны көрсетілді. Trace mode бағдарламасында жаңа сапасы бар элементті құрылғыларды жобалау және зерттеу модулі бар. Жобалау мәселелеріне қатысты тұжырымдамалар халықаралық стандарттарда әртүрлі тәсілдермен түсіндіріледі.
КҮН БАТАРЕЯСЫН ПАЙДАЛАНА ОТЫРЫП, ЭНЕРГИЯМЕН ҚАМТАМАСЫЗ ЕТУ ЖҮЙЕСІН КЕШЕНДІ БАСҚАРУ ӘДІСТЕМЕСІН ӘЗІРЛЕУ
Authors: Байдилдина Айжан , Алибеккызы Карлыгаш , Бельгинова Сауле , Бугубаева Алина , Сарсенова Айжан
Published: February 2024

Электр энергиясы, қазба энергетикалық ресурстар құнының тұрақты өсуі және оларды пайдалану кезінде пайда болатын экологиялық мәселелер жаңартылатын энергия көздерін негізінен күн энергиясын пайдаланудың артуына әкеледі. Қазіргі уақытта күн энергиясын электр энергиясына түрлендіру баламалы энергетиканың белсенді дамып келе жатқан бағыты болып табылады. Күн энергиясы жаңартылатын энергия көзі болып табылады және шексіз ресурстарға ие. Заманауи математикалық аппараттар мен математикалық бағдарламаларды қолдану күрделі жүйелердің жұмысын имитациялауға және болжауға мүмкіндік береді. Бұл жұмыс Simulink және Simpowersystems визуалды үлгілеу MatLab пакетіне кіретін электр жүйелерін үлгілеуді қарастырады. Мақаладағы ғылыми зерттеулердің ерекшелігі күн тақтайшасы мен жарықтандыру қондырғысы арасында түрлендіргіш қолданбау болып табылады. Күн тақтайшасының жұмысын басқаруы кең таралғанымен электр тізбегін басқару және бақылау қазіргі уақытта қарастырылмаған, бұл ғылыми зерттеудің ең басты ерекшелігі болып табылады.