bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Protection Analysis of the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway Construction
Authors: Ma Tao , Gao Tian Juan
Published: August 2013

Through analyzing environment and geological characteristics along the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway construction, and by researching main methods of construction management, it sums up some experience on organization structure, research of environmental protection, management system etc. Meanwhile, perfect suggestions on environmental protection training and supervision reformation was putted forward.
Environmental Protection of Ancient Towns and Villages of China
Authors: Wang Zhong Hua , Jiang Wen Qiang
Published: August 2013

China has a lot of ancient towns and villages that have been attracting international and domestic tourists. Tourism management in ancient towns and villages of China is crucial to delivering economic, social and environmental responsibility. The purpose of this paper is to describe and examine the problem of ancient towns and villages of China and to explain its underlying causes and the possibilities. Furthermore, the article argues that serious human damages, environmental pollution and ecological degradation are occurring ancient towns and villages at a rapid rate. The station has the potential to significantly undermine the prospects for tourism development of ancient towns and villages of China. In the light of this fact, it aims to make explicit the problem-solving principals, including the following recommendations: limiting business scope, infrastructure investment, green certification program, environmental education, inhabitant participation, and promoting tourism products. In the longer term, only when the stakeholders of ancient town and village tourism collaboration, will truly obtain integrated sustainable management.
Highway Construction Based on Sustainable Concept
Authors: Luo Guo Zhan , Fu Jin Sheng , Yan Peng
Published: August 2013

Highway construction consumes a large amount of non-renewable resources, while the sustainable development concept enhances the traditional highway construction ideas, fully optimizes the whole construction technology and construction process, and realizes high degree of harmony of highway construction, natural environment and social environment. Highway construction includes planning, design, construction, operation phases, etc. Only adherence to the sustainable development concept can ensure the sustainable development of the whole system of highway construction.
Removal of Thiophene from Binary Mixtures Using Polyether Block Amide (PEBAX) Film by Pervaporation
Authors: Liu Kun , Fang Chuan Jie , Li Zhi Qiang , Fan Fang Fang , Han Jian Jian
Published: August 2013

Reduction of organosulfurs in gasoline has become an urgent requirement in the world, especially in China. The goal of this work focuses on removal of thiophene from binary mixtures of thiophene and n-heptane by means of pervaporation. The PEBAX homogenous film was prepared by coating. The swelling experiments of film were studied for the affinity of PEBAX film to thiophene. The swelling degree of film increased with increasing thiophene content in the mixtures. The result indicates the PEBAX film had preferential sorption to thiophene rather than n-heptane. Pervaporation experiments were studied for investigating separation properties of the film. The effect of thiophene concentration in feed and operation temperature on separation properties of the film was researched. The results of pervaporation showed that both total and thiophene flux increased with increase of thiophene content in the feed and temperature, but the separation factor deceased with their increase. The activity energy was calculated according to the Arrhenius relationship. This work may offer useful visions into the possibility of the separation of sulfur compounds from gasoline via pervaporation.
Urban Electromagnetic Environmental Pollution and Protection
Authors: Guan Deng Gao , Xu Guan Li , Sun Yao , Sun Chuan Min , Zhou Wen Xin , Xu Wen Jun , Li Hua Wei
Published: August 2013

Electromagnetic radiation pollution and its protection has become one of the hot issues of urban development process. This paper analyzed the cause of natural and man-made electromagnetic environment pollution, pointed out the harm of public health and the city normal production and living order and the city sustainable development. This paper suggested that comprehensive treatment measures should be taken to solve the problem of electromagnetic environment pollution in cities including the reasonable planning and layout, the real powerful supervision, the advertisement and education, and the high level of protection technology. This plays an important role and realistic significance in building a harmonious urban electromagnetic environment.
Photoassisted CO2 Conversion to Carbon by Reduced NiFe2O4
Authors: Duan Yue Qin , Du Ting , Wang Xue Wei , Cai Feng Shi , Yuan Zhi Hao
Published: August 2013

NiFe2O4 prepared by a coprecipitation method was reduced by NH3 to form appropriate amounts of oxygen deficiency, and then the resulting ferrite samples were subjected to the CO2 flow at 80°C under UV light irradiation. The experimental results showed that the decomposition of carbon dioxide did not take place in dark, but CO2 could convert to carbon under photo-assistance at 80°C. TEM results suggested that CO2 decomposed to various forms of carbon, including carbon nanotubes, carbon microspheres, etc. Further, ferrites reduction time is a very important factor for influence the conversion of CO2.
A Comparison of Three Biomass Estimation Methods: A Case Study of Pinus tabulaeformis Forests in China
Authors: Li Fei , Wang Zhong Yu , Zhang Hua Yong , Xu Yi Xin , Han Lu
Published: August 2013

Power model, linear model and hyperbolic model were commonly used to estimate forest biomass via stand volume, however the relative accuracy is unclear forPinus tabulaeformisforests in China. In order to compare the accuracies of these models, data from 130Pinus tabulaeformisforest stands were compiled from published literatures. Data of 100 stands were randomly selected to establish regression equations, the other 30 data were used to compare the accuracies of equations either established in this study or in previous studies. The results show that biomass ofPinus tabulaeformisforests could be well estimated by power model and linear model, while hyperbolic model is likely to result in enormous overestimation or underestimation. The mean relative errors of the power model and linear model established in this study are-0.3% and 1.8% respectively. In comparison with models established by previous studies, these two models have better prediction accuracies.
Relationship between Scale and Period and its Ecological Applications in Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Song Yu Yang , Li Rong , Li Ming Yan , Zhang Wen Hui
Published: August 2013

The relations between the scales and periods of Mexican Hat (Mexh) and Morlet (Morl) wavelets have been deduced. Based on these relations, variances, coefficients, and power spectra of these two wavelets’ original and eco-used wavelets are compared and analyzed theoretically and experimentally for the distribution pattern of Haloxylon ammodendron Bunge population in Gurban Tonggut desert, China. The research shows that: (1) Mexh and Morl eco-used wavelets can be simultaneously used to describe the distribution period of Haloxylon population and to study the same phenomenon by combining these two wavelet advantages. (2) The primary period value identified using Mexh eco-used wavelet than using its original wavelet is closer to the true one, while Morl eco-used wavelet helps find all changes in the period earlier. (3) For the same wavelet function, with its period enlarging, its primary period can be found in a smaller scale, inversely found later.
Effects of Anthropogenic Disturbance Measures on Plant Diversity of Understory Vegetation in Moso Bamboo Forests
Authors: Fan Yan Rong , Chen Shuang Lin , Lin Hua , Yang Qing Ping , Hong Yi Cong , Guo Zi Wu
Published: August 2013

Anthropogenic disturbance measures have complex effects on understory plants. In order to establish a theoretical basis for moso bamboo forest sustainable management, three types of moso bamboo forests with many years not weeding, hilltops weeding and herbicides weeding were choosed. And species names, numbers and coverages of all arbors, shrubs, herbs and vines were recorded in every quadrat. Species composition and α-diversity were analyzed to compare understory vegetation under the three types of moso bamboo forests with consistent stand structure and site conditions. There are four major findings in this study: (1) 74 species belonged to 47 families and 58 generas which are recorded in the three types of moso bamboo forests. Many years not weeding, hilltops weeding and herbicides weeding are respectively 33 families 39 genera 40 species, 33 families 37 genera 41 species and 37 families 43 genera 49 species. (2) Dominant species of arbors and shrubs within hilltops weeding and herbicides weeding moso bamboo forests are less than the ones of many years not weeding moso bamboo forest, whereas dominant species of herbs increased. Meanwhile, co-dominant specie of arbors is Cunninghamia lanceolata, shrubs is Rubus reflexus, and herbs are Melastoma dodecandrum and Dicranopteris dichotoma. (3) Richness of herbicides weeding and hilltops weeding moso bamboo forests is significantly lower than (p<0.05) the one of many years not weeding moso bamboo forest, and Containing absolute abundance diversity index (I) of hilltops weeding moso bamboo forest is also significantly lower than (p<0.01) many years not weeding moso bamboo forest. The differences of Simpson dominance index (C), Simpson diversity index (D),Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and Pielou evenness index (J) among the three types of moso bamboo forests are not significant. Considering understory plant diversity and system structure stability analysis, anthropogenic hilltops weeding measure is suggested to be used for understory vegetation interference.
Preparation and Analysis of Anatase TiO2 Nanosheets with an Optimal Percentage of {001} Facets for High Efficient Photocatalyst
Authors: Wang Wei , Lu Chun Hua , Ni Ya Ru , Xu Zhong Zi
Published: August 2013

Anatase TiO2 nanosheets with different percentage of exposed high-reactive {001} facets were synthesized successfully. Besides the FESEM and TEM anslysis, XRD, Raman, and PL analysis were also conducted systematically to give a new insight on analyzing the as-prepared {001} facets dominated TiO2 photocatalysts. Photocatalytic activities of the photocatalysts were tested by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution under UV irradiation. The results indicated that there was an optimal percentage of the exposed {001} facets existed to give the highest photocatalytic activity of as-prepared TiO2 nanosheets. A possible mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the {001} facets dominated anatase TiO2 was also proposed.
Estimating Forest Ecosystem Carbon Storage under the Natural Forest Protection Program in Northeast China
Authors: Wei Ya Wei , Dai Li Min , Fang Xiang Min , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2013

Forest ecosystem plays an important role in regulating global carbon cycle and climate change, to estimate its carbon storage, this study selected five major forest types in Northeast and investigated its tree, understory vegetation, forest floor and soil carbon density based on field measurement. Subsequently, we combined with the 7th Forest Resources Statistics of China to calculate forest carbon storage under the natural forest protection program in Northeast on regional scale. Results showed that forest ecosystem carbon storage under the natural forest protection program in Northeast was 4603.8 TgC, in which tree, understory, forest floor and soil carbon storages account for 22.7%, 0.9%, 6.5% and 69.9% respectively. Forest ecosystem carbon density was 180.6 Mg/ha, and tree, understory, and forest floor carbon density all increased with age class, which imply the great forest carbon sequestration potential under the natural forest protection program in Northeast.
Situation and Suggestions for Chinese Sustainable Forestry Development
Authors: Fang Xiang Min , Zhao Wei , Wei Ya Wei , Wang Qing Li , Dai Li Min
Published: August 2013

The year 2011 is the International Year of the Forest-a time when people around the world are encouraged to pay special attention to the importance of forest ecosystems and the goods as well as ecological services they provide to sustain societies and economies. As the one of the giant of forest recourses consumption, China has the responsibility and obligation to made untiring efforts and unselfish contribution for the development of the world forestry. Research indicates that although Chinese forest area, forest growing stock as well as forest coverage continue to grow, there will still have a huge gap of wood demand because of the countrys large area and population. Many problems of Chinese forestry are pressing for solution in order to be on the path of sustainable forest management. In particular, through the development of plantations, reducing demand by enhancing the comprehensive use of timber with advanced science and technology, and advocating saving timber and recycling. Chinese experiences and lessons are also enlightenment to other countries.
The Spatial Heterogeneity of the Soil Bulk Density under Different Management Types of Pinus koraiensis Forests
Authors: Wang Shu Li , Ma Chao
Published: August 2013

Through the manner of field investigation and room experiments, by using software SPSS 13.0, software ArcGis 9.3 and geostatistical analysis tool, the spatial heterogeneity of the soil bulk density under virgin Pinus koraiensis forest, Betula platyphylla and Pinus koraiensis mixed forest (Pinus koraiensis natural regeneration), Betulaplatyphylla and Pinus koraiensis mixed forest (Pinus koraiensis planted) and pure Pinus koraiensis plantation were studied. The characteristics of the spatial heterogeneity of the soil bulk density under different forest types were different, the spatial heterogeneity of the soil bulk density under four forest types were influenced by random factors, but the auto relationship part of the soil bulk density spatial heterogeneity under Betula platyphylla and Pinus koraiensis mixed forests were bigger, and the change distance was smaller than that under pure Pinus koraiensis plantation. The spatial distribution pattern of the soil bulk density under Betula platyphylla and Pinus koraiensis mixed forests was superior to that under pure Pinus koraiensis plantation. The results would provide a theory basis for the recovery and the sustainable management of the Pinus koraiensis forest.
Characterization of Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 Isolates Causing Target Spot of Flue-Cured Tobacco in China
Authors: Zhao Yan Qin , Wu Yuan Hua , Fu Ying , An Meng Nan , Chen Jian Guang , Zhao Xiu Xiang
Published: August 2013

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is the causal pathogen of tobacco target spot, a serious fungal disease of tobacco that severely impairs yield and quality in northeast China. The objective of this study was to characterize isolates ofR. solanifrom tobacco in China. Among 58Rhizoctoniaisolates examined, all of them were multinucleate. Phylogenetic analyses and hyphal anastomosis criteria suggest that the isolates belonged toR. solanianastomosis group (AG) 3. Target spot isolates from Liaoning province formed a single phylogenetic group together with tomato isolates ofR. solaniAG-3 from Japan and are more closely related toR. solaniAG-3 isolates in tomato and potato than that in tobacco from USA. Pathogenicity test for each isolates was fulfilled using a method of inoculating tobacco leaves from plants grown for 8 weeks (cv. NC89).
Combining Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll Fluorescence to Assess the Adaptability of Medicinal Plant Aesculus chinensis Compared to Two Imported Aesculus Species
Authors: Fu Hai Yan , Song Fu Qiang , Wu Jia Sen , Kong Xiang Shi , Qi Dan Dan
Published: August 2013

Analysis of gas exchange and determination of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in leaves of three tree species including Aesculus chinensis, A. octandra and A. hybrida were conducted under field conditions and then comparison was carried out. The results showed that the light compensation point (LCP) was significantly different among the three tree species, of which the LCP of A. chinensis with 12.53 μmol·m-2·s-1 that of the lowest was notable lower than that of the other two species (36.11 and 46.41 μmol·m-2·s-1respectively). On the other hand, the light saturation point (LSP) of the three tree species also showed remarked different and the LSP of A. chinensis was 1475 μmol·m-2·s-1 which was dramatic higher than that of the other two species respective to 1366.67 and 1025 μmol·m-2·s-1. Beside, the maximum net photosynthetic rate (MNPR) was different too, MNPR of A. chinensis was 9.47μmol CO 2·m-2·s-1which was higher than the other two species (5.91 and 2.30 μmol CO 2·m-2·s-1 respectively), indicating A. chinensis had a higher photosynthetic capacity and stronger utilization ability for light energy. Moreover, the electron transport rate (ETR) of A. chinensis was higher than A. octandra and A. hybrida, the ETR of the former was 55.800 that were 1.33 and 1.44 times of the later two respectively. Quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ФPSII) in A. chinensis was higher than A. octandra and A. hybrida, the ФPSII of the former was 0.470 that were 1.21 and 1.15 times of the later two respectively. Furthermore, the photochemical quenching (qP) of A. chinensis was 0.975 much higher than A. octandra and A. hybrida respective to 1.10 and 1.10 times of the later two respectively. These three photochemical parameters with dramatic different among the three different tree species suggested A. chinensis had a high activity of electron transport and conversion efficiency for light energy.
Preparation and Thermodynamics Adsorption Performance of Cobalt Ions on the Crosslinked Starch Microspheres
Authors: Yang Li Yan , Guo Yi Hui , Yu Li Li
Published: August 2013

A type of cross-linking starch microspheres (CSMs) has been synthesized by reversed phase suspension method using soluble starch as raw material. Crosslinked starch microsphere has good adsorption performance to metal ions in water. The static adsorption behaviors of Co2+on the cross-linked starch microspheresand were investigated. The CSMs and its adsorption product were comparatively characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption behaviour of CSMs in different temperatures is in agreement with the Freundlich isothermal equation and isothermal equation of Langmiur. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption process indicate that entropy is the main adsorption driving force, and physical adsorption is main about the adsorption behaviors of CSMs on Co2+.These data are helpful for the adsorption separation of metal ions and the treatment of the wastewater containing Co2+. Keywords: cross-linked starch microspheres;cobalt ions;adsorption mechanism;thermodynamics adsorption
Plant Growth Regulation Activity of Column Chromatography Fractions from Mikania micrantha H.B.K. on Raphanus sativus
Authors: Zhao Yan , Ye Min , Fan Li Ming , Zha You Gui , Gao Xiao Yu
Published: August 2013

Some chemical compounds in low polar fractions ofMikania micranthaH.B.K. extracts can strongly influence seeds germination and seedling growth ofRaphanus sativus. In this study, we provide evidence that the chemical compounds in a low polar fraction chromatographed on normal phase silica gel columns from petroleum ether extract ofM. micranthahave strong activity to inhibit the seeds germination and seedling growth ofRaphanus sativus. Two main chemical constituents, α-Bisabolol and Eudesma-5,11(13)-dien-8,12-olide, in the active fraction were confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Key words:Mikania micranthaH.B.K.,Raphanus sativus, plant growth regulation activity, fraction, GC-MS
Rose A1-Overexpression Plant Accumulate Anthocyanins and Resist Insect Attack
Authors: Zhang Yan Zhao , Li Ying , Gao Zhen Rui , Piao Chun Lan , Song Qian Na , Cui Min Long
Published: August 2013

Anthocyanins have important biological functions, it can help plants resist diseases invasion and pest attack. In this study, we got Rosea1-transformed snapdragon by Agrobacterium-mediated method. Anthocyanins content in the transgenic snapdragon was significantly elevated. Compared with wild-type plant, the snapdragon with anthocyanins accumulation in plant effectively reduced aphid attack in farmland. Similarly, Over-expression of Rosea1 in heterologous plant tobacco also lead to anthocyanins synthesis and the transgenic tobacco showed resistance to aphids. Therefore, improving the content of anthocyanins in plants using genetic engineering technology is a useful measure for plant protection.
Study on Spermatophyte Diversity in Wudalianchi
Authors: Huang Qing Yang , Yan Zhi Yuan , Wang Ji Feng , Zhang Rong Tao , Ni Hong Wei
Published: August 2013

There are 869 species 369 genera and 99 families wild spermatophyte in Wudalianchi. The spermatophyte diversity is complex. The dominant families are distinct and there are 14 families with more than 20 species, accounting for 56.37% in total genera and 63.52% in total species respectively. Oligotypic genera and monotypic genera account for 89.16% in total genera, 64.21% in total species. On classification of Raunkiaer life-form, hemicryptophytes and geophytes are major. On classification of ecotype, mesophytes are predominate, hygrophytes are the second.
Homogeneous Derivatization of Bagasse in Different Solvents
Authors: Zhang Xue Qin , Liu Chuan Fu , Sun Run Cang
Published: August 2013

The homogeneous modification of bagasse was investigated without additional catalysts in three solvents with MA and SA as derivatizing reagents. The results indicated that derivatization of bagasse in [C4mim]Cl was achieved at relatively high temperature, while that in DMSO/LiCl and DMSO/NMI was successfully carried out at room temperature. Surprisingly, the higher WPG of bagasse yielded in DMSO/NMI and DMSO/LiCl than in [C4mim]Cl because NMI and LiCl acted as solvent, base, and catalyst. FT-IR and CP/MAS 13C-NMR analyses provided more evidences of derivatization.
Selection of an Efficient Growth Container for Mycorrhization of Trifoliate Orange Seedlings in Nursery
Authors: Wu Qiang Sheng , Ni Qiu Dan
Published: August 2013

Citrus plants strongly depend on arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) but low AM colonization found in the field. Therefore, mycorrhization of seedlings is vital for better citrus growth vigor. The study evaluated the effects of four containers (earthen pot, plastic pot, nursery cylinder, and nursery bag) on growth, mycorrhizal development, root system architecture (RSA) and chlorophyll concentration of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings inoculated withGlomus versiforme. After five months, AM seedlings grown in an earthen pot displayed the best AM colonization, vesicles, entry points, shoot dry weight, total plant dry weight, plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, RSA traits (taproot length, total length, projected area, surface area, volume, and number of first lateral root), and chlorophyllaand total chlorophyll concentrations, the AM seedlings grown in nursery cylinder and nursery bag better, and the seedlings grown in plastic pot worst. It suggests that mouth diameter of containers is key to mycorrhization of seedlings. Meanwhile, earthen pot is the best container for mycorrhization of trifoliate orange seedlings.
Study on Fluorescent Staining of Bacteria for Total Direct Counts in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Contaminated Soil with 5-(4,6-DichloroTriazin-2-yl) Amino Fluorescein (DTAF)
Authors: Zhang Dan , Ding Ai Zhong , Jiang Lin , Cai Yue Hua , Zhang Li Na
Published: August 2013

Using DTAF fluorescent staining technique, the number of bacteria and the distributions of ΣPAHs in two different drilling vertical depths of a field contaminated by PAHs are counted and analyzed. The result showed that the distributions of the number of bacteria and the ΣPAHs in the vertical depth have obvious corresponding relations, and the higher the ΣPAHs is, the more the number of bacteria would be.
Study on Environmentally Friendly Slow-Release Fertilizer for Plant Camouflage
Authors: Zhang Nai Yan , Li Xiao Qi , Zhang Juan , Dai Liang Liang
Published: August 2013

Plant camouflage is conducted by use of planting and collecting plant and changing color of plant to conceal targets. It can be used to camouflage relatively big permanent fixed targets in peace time and also to camouflage relatively big permanent fixed targets in peace time and also to camouflage relatively small fixed or moving targets. However, in recent years, with the natural disasters occurring alternately, plant camouflage can be destroyed easily, and it is difficult to rebuild in a short time. To improve the effect of plant camouflage, more fertilizers are required, which may become an environmental hazard, unless adequate technical and socioeconomic impacts are addressed. A multifunctional slow-release nitrogen fertilizer has been developed to improve fertilizer use efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. In this paper, a series of slow-release formulations of nitrogen fertilizer were developed on the basis of natural attapulgite clay, ethylcellulose film, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose/hydroxylethylcellulose hydrogel. The structural of the product were examined. The slow-release profiles of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and urea as nitrogen fertilizer substrates were determined in soil.
The Effects of Calcium on the In Vitro Cassava Storage Root Formation
Authors: Yao Yuan , Min Yi , Geng Meng Ting , Wu Xiao Hui , Hu Xin Wen , Fu Shao Ping , Guo Jian Chun
Published: August 2013

Calcium can affect in vitro cassava storage roots formation and starch accumulation. Low concentration of calcium stimulates to induce in vitro cassava storage roots formation and the accumulation of starches. With the addition of calcium concentration, the diameter of the in vitro cassava storage roots was increased, but the induction rate and starch content was decreased. The scanning electron microscope observations SC124 in vitro cassava storage roots starch and field cultivation of cassava root starch, starch grains formed by these two different ways is very similar in size and shape. Our findings show that, apply tissue culture techniques to study the cassava starch synthesis mechanism is feasible.
Design and Realization of Water Information Real-Time Monitoring and On-Line Analysis System in Poyang Lake
Authors: Wu Yu Yan , Fang Chao Yang
Published: August 2013

Being aimed at the increasing environmental problems of Poyang Lake, and mastering the changes of Poyang Lake water information timely, the parameter model of Poyang lake water information has been formed based on ENVI/IDL programming algorithm and the high-frequency MODIS data, and the Poyang Lake water information real-time monitoring system has been established in order to obtain the water information monitoring data of the Poyang Lake quickly and timely. The platform satisfied the personalized requirements needs for all trades and professions on the internet by publishing online with web technology.
GIS Based Buddhism Manage and Analysis - Set Jiangxi New Building Temples of Sui and Tang Dynasty as Example
Authors: Xu Ying , Fang Chao Yang
Published: August 2013

The history data contains large spatial-temporal information. Based on the spatialtemporal analysis function of GIS and set the temple as the example, this paper makes research on the geographic distribution of the temples of the sui and tang dynasty, finds out that the spatial distribution is changed from north to south, from west to east in Jiangxi province, points out the relationship between the natural environment and the broadcast of the Buddhism by adding the information like the roads and rivers. At the same time, it also provides a new thought on the using GIS technology in the research of the humanity science.
Monitoring of Rapid Urban Sprawl in Beijing with Time Series Remote Sensing Data and Analysis of Driving Forces
Authors: Zhao Jin Ling , Zhang Dong Yan , Yang Hao , Huang Lin Sheng
Published: August 2013

Beijing has experienced a rapid urban sprawl over the past three decades, along with accelerated socio-economic development. This study investigated the change patterns and figured out the driving forces of urban expansion in the study area. To obtain urban class, decision tree classification techniques were used to identify the land cover types using four scenes of Landsat images from four periods of 1978-era, 1992-era, 2000-era and 2010-era. Then, the urban areas were identified by excluding water, agriculture, forest, grassland and bare land. The analysis results showed that: 1) urban construction land had been expanded very quickly and the urban area is mainly in the south-central part of the municipality; 2) the urban area increased by 96284.97 ha and the ratio was 5.88%; and 3) population growth, economic development, urban construction and industrial structure adjustment could explain the expansion. These analysis results can provide significant information on the monitoring and management of sustainable urban development.
The Analysis of Landscape Pattern Evolution of Coastal Area in Shanghai Hangzhou Bay North Shore
Authors: Liu Shi Dong , Gao Jun , Xue Dong Qian
Published: August 2013

This paper chooses Shanghai Hangzhou Bay north shore as the study area, to analyze the change of landscape pattern from 1994 to 2007, the data adopts 1994 aerial image and remote sensing image with 5m resolution of 2003 and 2007, land is divided into 11 types: urban land, rural land, factory, farm land, undeveloped land, beach, forest, water, fish ponds, road and railway. FragState3.0 is used to select Class Area (CA), Percentage of Landscape (PLAND), Number of Patches (NP), Patch density (PD), Patch Richness (PR), Shannons Diversity Index (SHDI), Shannons Evenness Index (SHEI) and Dominance (D) to analyze the landscape pattern, the research results reveal that: (1) The law of landscape change in Hangzhou Bay during urbanization process is: water and farmland is converted to undeveloped land at first, thereafter the most part of undeveloped land is converted to factory, the dominant landscape is farmland and its CA change also is the most significant from 44.88% to 34.61% with variation amplitude of 10.27%; (2) From 1994 to 2007, except rural and farmland landscape, the NP of other landscapes increased to varying degrees, fragmentation have increased; (3) Landscape-level indices rise steadily, the SHDI values are relatively high, and all show rising trend; SHEI value is close to 1, indicating the various landscape types is evenly distributed.
Urban Land Use Changes by the Integration of Remote Sensing, GIS, and Dynamics Modeling
Authors: Zhang Jia Hua , Hao Cui , Yao Feng Mei
Published: August 2013

We developed an approach to assess urban land use changes that incorporates socio-economic and environmental factors with multinomial logistic model, remote sensing data and GIS, and to quantify the impact of macro variables on land use of urban areas for the years 1990, 2000 and 2010 in Binhai New Area, China. The Markov transition matrix was designed to integrate with multinomial logistic model to illustrate and visualize the predicted land use surface. The multinomial logistic model was evaluated by means of Likelihood ratio test and Pseudo R-Square and showed a relatively good simulation. The prediction map of 2010 showed accurate rates 78.54%, 57.25% and 70.38%, respectively.
Block Adaptive Scalar-Vector Quantization Used to Compress SAR Raw Data
Authors: Zeng Shang Chun , Xie Yun Xia , Chen Yi Xian , Zhu Zhao Da
Published: August 2013

A block adaptive scalar-vector quantization (BASVQ) algorithm is put forward in this paper, namely, scalar quantization is applied when data blocks satisfy Gaussian distribution while vector quantization is applied when doesnt satisfy. The experiments demonstrate that the performance of BASVQ algorithm surpasses that of BAQ algorithm. The BASVQ algorithm has practical value in some degree.
Vertical Planning Study on Complex Terrain Site Based on GIS
Authors: Feng Hong Xia , Li Yun
Published: August 2013

Starting from terrain analysis, this paper uses GIS space analysis technology, through constructing study frame of mountain city complex terrain, to state how to conduct the effective utilization and reasonable reformation to complex terrain, and put forward the new vertical design method of mountain city complex terrain, and combined with the vertical design in new Dali Haidong District planning to prove.
Study on Ecological Environment Assessment of Yellow River Delta
Authors: Yang Hai Bo , Chen Jing Wei , Li Yun Fei
Published: August 2013

Some eco-environmental factors are analyzed by RS, and population and GDP spatial distribution are obtained from statistical data. By combining AHP methods for determining weights, comprehensive index method is used to evaluate the eco-environmental quality of Yellow River Delta (YRD) on three scales: raster, administrative region, and delta. Results show that: Eco-environmental quality of YRD lies in moderate level. In three terms (1996, 2000, 2004), it was the best in 1996, and decreased to the worst in 2000, and then increased in 2004. In the delta, Estuary area and Dongying area were poorer than Guangrao county and Liji county.
Effect on Hydrodynamic and Erosion-Deposition Characteristics after Sea Wall Backout
Authors: Wang Ying , Ma Chun , Zhang Guang Yu , Xu Nan
Published: August 2013

The article analyses and predicts the hydrodynamic feature of Zhifu bay on the basis of Ecomsed model, thus the calculation accuracy is improved. And then it predicts erosion-deposition characteristics of the study sea area. The paper assesses the influence of the sea wall backout in aspects of hydrodynamic and erosion-deposition environment. Simulating results show that the velocity of flow will increase after the sea wall backout and the ability of water exchange will be improved gradually. Research shows that the deposition-dominating areas are located at the north and east of study area, while the southeast side area is dominated by erosion. The accretion tendency will weaken in south of study area together with the accretion thickness 1cm/a annually, while the accretion thickness is 5cm/a in southeast of study area.
Research on the Innovative Model for the Development of Agricultural S&T Parks in Metropolis - Taking Beijing for Example
Authors: Jin Yan , Lu Feng Jun , Qin Xiang Yang
Published: August 2013

After nearly 20 years of development, agricultural S&T parks in Beijing have become an important carrier and the leading force for the metropolitan modern agriculture development in the capital, and an important model for the modern agriculture development in metropolis. But in the process of the agricultural S&T parks development, low park productivity, insufficient regional integrated development and sustainable development fatigue widely exist. Under the construction of "World City with Chinese Characteristics" and "Humanistic, S&T and Green Beijing", agricultural S&T parks are facing higher development requirements, and it has become a very urgent need to innovatively transform the model of agricultural S&T parks development from "introduction-demonstration-popularization" to "innovation-service-combination of the two". In this paper, based on the scientific analysis of the current situation of agricultural S&T parks in Beijing and the objective analysis of the environmental conditions, by applying such theoretic approaches as strategic analysis, value analysis, knowledge network and so on, the author proposes the innovative development model for agricultural S&T parks in Beijing, including path model of "integration of urban and rural development" at regional level, business model of "three-chain integration" at park operation level and the profitability model of "knowledge creation" at enterprise level. Thees innovative models are of great significance to the sustainable development of agricultural S&T parks in Beijing and other metropolis.
The Change Law of RMSs Characteristics in Grassland Opencast Coal Mine Dump of China
Authors: Yang Rui Xuan , Wang Jin Man
Published: August 2013

With construction and development of opencast coal mine, its damage to the land resources and ecological environment in mine area become increasingly serious. Thus, assessing change law of reclaimed mine soils is essential for land reclamation and ecological restoration in ecological fragile area. Is this study, soil Bulk Density, Organic matter, Available P, Available K, Alkali-hydrolyzed N, Total N, pH value, Electrical Conductivity was analyzed in different sampling sites with different reclamation age and an unmined site as a reference in Inner Mongolia mining waste dump. The soil Organic matter, Available P, Available K, Alkali-hydrolyzed N and Total N increased with reclamation age, all the soil factors gradually arrived at their content in original landform. A model of RMSs characteristics was constructed using index sum method. RMSs characteristics had been improved in study area, and gradually arrived at the original landform level.
The Protection of Farmland in the Central Plains Economic Zone in the Construction Process in Jiaozuo City
Authors: Hu Chen Cheng , Wang Ai Guo , Li Qin
Published: August 2013

This paper analyzes and puts forward some new thoughts in Jiaozuos farmland protection under the situation of rapid economic development and increasing urbanization level. With use of linear regression analysis and comparative study, the retained farmlands of Jiaozuo City in 2015 and 2020 are predicted and contrasted to the data from 20152020 General Planning of Jiaozuo citys land use, from which we know that the farmland protection task of Jiaozuo city is arduous. In connection with the reasons for the farmland reduction, some measures and suggestions to protect farmland are put forward.
Effects of Light Intensity on Ear Differentiation of Barren-Stalk Defective Maize
Authors: Zhong Xue Mei , Shi Zhen Sheng , Li Feng Hai , Huang Hai Jiao , Li Hai Yan
Published: August 2013

Ear differentiation of different shade-resistance maize were studied under the shade stress using paired near isogenic, easy barren-stalk and not easy barren-stalk hybrids and inbred lines as test materials. The test verified the phenomenon of genetic defective barren stalk of maize preliminarily, revealed the relationship between barren stalk under the shade stress and ear differentiation and light intensity range inducing maize genetic defective barren stalk. Low light stress would make different varieties cause barren stalk and differences among varieties were obvious; easy barren stalk near-isogenic Shennong 98A was the most sensitive to low light stress and the stress intensity should be below 38% shade. Shade resistance of non-barren stalk near-isogenic Shennong 98B was close to normal inbred line Chang 7-2 and its intensity range of light stress were between 38%~60% shade; there were significant differences between hybrids of easy barren stalk D90, D80 and non-easy barren stalk Zheng Dan 958 under the 75% shade; shade stress could make young female ear short, grains per panicle reduce, the number of abortive grain increase and rates of barren stalk increase, which would aggravate with the increase of shade intensity and the reactions of easy barren stalk varieties were much more obvious, even caused 100% barren stalk led by female ear agenesis.
Applications of Fisheye Imagery in Urban Environment: A Case Based Study in Nanjing
Authors: He Xiao Dong , Shen Shuang He , Miao Shi Guang
Published: August 2013

Urban greening helps cooling and humidifying the air; shading provided by buildings also affects outdoor thermal environment. Therefore, they both influence the thermal perceptions of people in outdoor spaces. The sky view factor (SVF) is a commonly used parameter in the research on urban climate, indicates the relationship between the visible area of the sky and the area covered by urban structures. The current paper first gives a brief introduction of the SVF and fisheye imagery. It then describes a method conducted to estimate SVF for urban environment analysis by using fisheye lenses and applying the ENVI platform as well. Finally, micro-climate characteristics over three typical urban underlying surfaces, including sunlit asphalt roads, shaded roads by building and by chinars were analyzed based on on-site observations. For a high-density city such as Nanjing, the present study reveals that the higher building shaded, chinar canopy density, and the lower sky transmittance, humidification and cooling of the air is more significant under the same climate condition and the same road. For benefiting urban environmental planning and assessment in high-density cities, more cases simulation with different combinations of factors are needed, which can provide a set of better greening guides and the optimal shading level.
The Preparation of InxBi1-xVO4 Photocatalyst Particles and their Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wang En Guo , Zhan Zhen Qin
Published: August 2013

InxBi1-xVO4 photocatalyst particles were prepared by low temperature solid reaction using nitrate of indium and bismuth and NH4VO4 as the starting materials, and followed by the sintering at various temperatures. The as-prepared samples were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and the photocatalytic activity was carried out by the concentration change of methylene blue in the solution after visible light irradiation. The experiment results show that the orthorhombic phase InVO4 is dominant in the photocatalyst samples prepared at sintering temperature higher than 600°C. In addition, the increase in indium content in the InxBi1-xVO4 particle has greatly improved the photocatalytic activity for decomposition of aqueous methylene blue under visible light irradiation.
Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration Potential in Cropland Soil of Lower Reaches of Liaohe River Plain
Authors: Song Dan , Li Shuang Yi , Feng Chen , Pei Jiu Bo , Wang Jing Kuan
Published: August 2013

Lower reaches of Liaohe River Plain is one of the areas where has a long history of planting in China, thus the enhancement of the capacity of soil carbon sequestration in cropland of this area has an important influence on global green house gases mitigation.Based on the 2nd National Soil Inventory data and the latest results from cropland productivity evaluation,the statistical model of soil carbon sequestration potential established by Qin et al. [, the soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration potential was estimated and the differences of carbon sequestration ability between dry land and paddy field were compared according to the SOC spatio-temporal changes in cropland of Lower reaches of Liaohe River Plain over the last 30 years.The results show that the organic carbon density (SOCP) is 4.95 kg m-2 when the cropland soil organic carbon is saturated. The organic carbon storage in soil surface is 127.33 Tg in this area with an increase of 57.52 Tg. The organic carbon sequestration ability in paddy field is bigger than dry land in Lower reaches of Liaohe River Plain.
Land Resources Optimization and Ecological Environment Construction of Hubei New Town
Authors: Lin Nan
Published: August 2013

This paper expounds the necessity of realizing optimal allocation of land resources in the process of urban construction, taking Hubei province as an example to analyze the current land-use problems, put forward to develop the planning function, adjusting the structure of land use, land control, strengthen the dynamic monitoring and management countermeasure of construction, discusses how to promote ecological environment through the construction of pollution emission reduction, resource conservation, strengthen the greening and so on means.
Public Opinion Survey and Policy Suggestions on Adding Elevators to Old Buildings - Empirical Study from Guangzhou
Authors: Han Qing Xue , Ke Shan , Cui Xian Li
Published: August 2013

Adding elevators to old buildings bring not only technical issues as well as economic and social problems, especially the conflicts among different stakeholders. This paper, selecting some representative districts and buildings in Guangzhou, focuses on the public opinions on this issue. Methodologies combining quantitative and qualitative analysis including in-depth interview and questionnaire inquires are approached with the residents concerned, SPSS software, and the results are used for cross section analysis and comparative analysis against the in-depth interview results. At last, a relative accurate reflection of the opinions and views of the residents regarding add elevators to old buildings are presented, and some relevant policy advices are put forward accordingly.
Chemical Constituents from the Seed of the Stellera chamejasme L
Authors: Wu Chun Yu , Tian Fu Li , Wang Lei , Yu Hai Tian
Published: August 2013

To investigate the chemical constituents of the seed of Stellera Chamejasme L, the constituents were isolated by silica gel, and polyamide column chromatography, and their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Three compounds were obtained and identified as umbelliferone, 3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7-(2-oxochromen-7-yl) oxychromen-2-one and dephnin. A novel compound two was isolated from the seed of Stellera Chamejasme L.
The Evaluation of Changsha Urban Ecosystem Sustainable Development Ability Based on Improved TOPSIS Model
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Qiang
Published: August 2013

Urban ecosystem is a multi-level giant system continuous developing and consist of nature, economy, sociaty and other elements. By adopting the analytic hierarchy process (ahp) this paper established the Changsha urban ecosystem sustainable development indicator system and weight, and used the improved TOPSIS model to evaluate Changsha urban ecosystem development ability.
Two Expression Vectors, Designated as pGEX-CDON and pC89S4-CDON, for Producing GST-CDON and pVIII-CDON Fusion Proteins
Authors: Xu Fu Yong , Liu Ren Rong , Xu Ling , Qiu Xue Mei , Zhu Li Xin
Published: August 2013

Deoxynivalenol (DON) mimotope, designated as CDON, is an epitope (CMRPWLQ) immunoscreened from a phage-displayed random peptide library. In order to replace the conjugated toxin with non-toxic recombinant proteins in ELISA, two novel expression vectors, which were designated as plasmid pGEX-CDON and phagemid pC89S4-CDON for producing GST-CDON and pVIII-CDON fusion proteins in E.coli were constructed. After purification, both GST-CDON and pVIII-CDON fusion proteins show good reactogenicity with an anti-DON antibody in a competitive inhibition ELISA test. When GST-CDON was used as coating antigen, the linear range of the competitive inhibition ELISA is from 62ng/ml to 410ng/ml, the linear equation is Y= 186.6-23.87Ln (X), IC50 is 194ng/ml. For pVIII-CDON as coating protein, the linear range of the competitive inhibition ELISA is from 20ng/ml to 470ng/ml, the linear equation is Y = 161.3-25.49Ln (X), R2=0.9962, IC50 is 94ng/ml. ELISA analysis and comparison show the reactogenicity and specificity of pVIII-CDON binding to anti-DON antibody are better than GST-CDON fusion protein. The pVIII-CDON is promising in establishing an ELISA without the use of the toxic mycotoxin conjugate.