bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jurisdictional Implications Vagueness of Marriage Dispensation Norms in Law Number 16 Year 2019
Authors: Wahyuningrum Dyah Retno , Suhariningsih Suhariningsih , Sulistyorini Rachmi
Published: August 2021

Regulations for the minimum age for marriage and dispensation in the national marriage law have changes because they are not in accordance with the development of society. This study proposes to analyze and find criteria for limiting dispensation to marriage that contains vagueness that can lead to legal uncertainty and juridical implications of norm blur related to marriage dispensation regulation. The research method used in this study is normative juridical legal research, the approach method used is prescription legislation and conceptual and case approaches. From the results of the research and discussion it can be concluded first: Criteria for limiting dispensation to marriage with very urgent reasons accompanied by supporting evidence according to Article 7 paragraph (2) of the Marriage Law is a vague legal norm, even though the intention of the legislators is reflected in the Academic Paper, the very urgent reason is a condition that the prospective bride is pregnant and has been proven by a certificate from a health worker. Meanwhile, the formulation of the norm of Article 7 paragraph (2) does not mention pregnancy as a requirement. Second: The juridical implication of the vagueness of norms regarding dispensation of marriages results in the dispensation of court rulings.
Formation of Socially - Active Civic Competence of Students of Secondary Schools in the Process of Teaching the Subject "Fundamentals of State and Law" on The Basis of Innovative Technologies
Authors: Bakirov Otabek Buranovich
Published: August 2021

The article discusses the issues of the formation of socially active civic competence of students in schools, which are relevant for society and the education system, and some results of the research carried out in pilot schools on this topic. In this regard, the presence of a problematic situation in the practice of teaching students the subject "Foundations of State and Law" is stated. Teaching this subject and its content has potential socio-didactic and educational opportunities that contribute to the effective formation of socially active civic competence of senior students. The author proposes to use such opportunities in the context of the implementation of innovative educational technology in the process of teaching this subject and educational developmental technology in extracurricular training sessions with senior students.
Methods to Increase the Effectiveness of Teaching Uzbek Language with Digital Linguistic Resources
Authors: Tashtanovich Osmanov Mustafo , Osomidinovich Mardiyev Shokirjon
Published: August 2021

This article examines the effectiveness of teaching the Uzbek language using digital linguistic resources and new approaches to their widespread use in the education system, the use of innovative technologies to increase the effectiveness of teaching the Uzbek language, increase students' interest in Uzbek language.
Professor Mamat Haydarov: Science, Management and Youth School
Authors: Tursunov S. , Rustamova N.
Published: August 2021

An article about the scientist, statesman and kind person Mamat Eshkulovich Khaydarov, who made a significant contribution to the development of Uzbek pedagogy. The article describes the difficult scientific path of the scientist, his work, scientific and administrative activities, as well as his role in the development of Uzbek science.
Features of Neuralization Diagnostics Transitor-Ischemic Attacks
Authors: M. O Tursunova , M. B Abdullaeva , A. B Kalanov , M.U Aktamova
Published: August 2021

Transient-ischemic attacks (TIA) as precursors of cerebral strokes occupy an important place among all forms of cerebrovascular insufficiency. With regard to the epidemiology of transient ischemic attacks (TIA), most countries do not have accurate data. So, in the US, they carry up to 5 million adult citizens per year, with many TIAs remaining undiagnosed. These episodes of sudden and short-term neurological deficit were considered benign and harmless for a long time. Most general practitioners and patients incorrectly or insufficiently understand the nature and significance of TIA, perhaps this can explain the small interest of doctors and the lack of statistical data on this nosological unit. Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are defined clinically as rapidly occurring focal and less commonly diffuse (cerebral) dysfunctions of the brain that are caused by local ischemia and disappear within one day (Gafurov: 2006). Over the past two decades, many views on TIA have changed significantly; approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of patients have become much more intense and more aggressive. Current knowledge of TIA is of great importance both for the proper organization of patient care and for educational programs among the population, the importance of which cannot be overestimated.
Methodology of the Commentary Makhzan Al-‘Irfān by Lady Amin (Regarding the Interpretation of the Verses Related to “Women” in the Qur'an)
Authors: Asgharpour Hassan , Safari Ali , Emamian Robab
Published: August 2021

This descriptive-analytical research is devoted to the review of the methodology and interpretive approach of Lady Nusrat Begum Amin in her commentary of Makhzan al-‘Irfān. The results show that Lady Amin, considering various narrations that confirm and encourage the use of the Qur’an in interpretation, has widely used the interpretive method of Qur'an by Qur'an. Narrations, as the second source of interpreting the Qur'an, have played a significant role in this commentary as well. In addition, the use of the source of reason (aql) and rational arguments is also often seen in the interpretation of verses to the extent that sometimes the commentator prefers the rule of reason to the appearance (zāhir) of the verse and commentators’ opinions. In this commentary, sufficient attention has been paid to the role of Arabic literature for interpreting the Qur'an, since in its different places, morphological and syntactic issues have been used extensively and the interpreter sometimes mentions the use of rhetorical methods in the verses. There are also many philosophical issues in this book, which itself proves the author's profound philosophical knowledge. The commentator has also tried to discover the esoteric meanings of the verses of the Qur'an, noting that in discovering the esoteric meanings, she has paid attention to the appearance of the verses and has taken very cautious steps in this field. In this commentary, theological and doctrinal issues are also discussed in detail along with some verses. Theological discussions are in some cases with an independent title and in some cases in the form of questions and answers. In her commentary, Lady Amin has dealt with jurisprudential issues very little and only for a brief explanation of the verses. Considering the prominent role of different interpretive methods and approaches, her interpretation can be considered as a comprehensive one. In interpreting the verses related to women in the Qur'an, Lady Amin has emphasized paying attention to the types of inherent and non-intrinsic differences between men and women. He stressed the need to pay attention to these differences in providing a correct interpretation of verses related to women.
Protegiendo los derechos de propiedad intelectual y el conocimiento ecológico tradicional: una mirada crítica a la Ley 27811 del Perú
Authors: Hak Hepburn Michelle L.
Published: August 2021

La Ley 27811 del gobierno peruano es una ley sobre propiedad intelectual aprobada en 2002 y diseñada para registrar y proteger la sabiduría tradicional. Brinda oportunidades productivas para elaborar un análisis crítico y está formulada dentro de la trayectoria de los derechos de propiedad intelectual internacionales y discusiones que dificultan la integración de los conocimientos ecológicos tradicionales (CET) a los marcos de referencia científicos cartesianos. Este documento examina de manera crítica cómo ha sido implementada esta ley peruana y los impactos que tiene en las comunidades indígenas, particularmente en la alta Amazonía. El análisis está basado en el trabajo de la autora al asistir a las comunidades indígenas en San Martín a registrar sus conocimientos por medio de esta ley. Mientras que la ley representa un acercamiento legal avanzado para abordar las desigualdades del poder, sigue siendo problemática: no aborda el empobrecimiento de la población indígena y continúa subordinando los CET indígenas a la ciencia cartesiana. Aunque sí representa un reconocimiento simbólico del valor de los pueblos indígenas peruanos, aún son necesarios otros mecanismos para poder compensar la larga historia de colonización y racismo.
La antropología amazónica de cara a la cuarta revolución industrial
Authors: Santos Granero Fernando
Published: August 2021

En este artículo, que reproduce la ponencia magistral presentada en setiembre de 2019 con motivo de los cincuenta años del curso de Antropología Amazónica en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Pontifica Universidad Católica del Perú, el autor propone que, a partir de la década de 2010, los pueblos indígenas amazónicos se han visto enfrentados a una nueva ola de cambio, esta vez, vinculada a lo que el economista Klaus Schwab (2016) ha denominado la «cuarta revolución industrial». Su objetivo no es, sin embargo, discutir las ventajas y desventajas de esta nueva revolución industrial, sino explorar cuáles son las nuevas direcciones que podría tomar la antropología amazónica a la luz de esta nueva ola de cambio. Para ello el autor explora seis grandes líneas de investigación, proponiendo para cada una de ellas una serie de preguntas dirigidas a fomentar u orientar investigaciones futuras.
Saberes campesinos para la crianza de la papa en las comunidades aimaras del altiplano, Puno
Authors: Inquilla Mamani Juan , Apaza Ticona Jorge
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer un análisis de los saberes ancestrales de los aimaras sobre la crianza de la papa e identificar las diversas formas de conversación que ellos establecen con las señas agroecosistémicas. El estudio se basa en una perspectiva metodológica etnográfica cualitativa que utiliza técnicas de entrevista cara a cara y observación participante. Los resultados de la investigación evidencian que, en las comunidades andinas de Puno, la crianza de la papa está vinculada estrechamente con el comportamiento climático, por tanto, las conversaciones con las señas agroecosistémicas son constante en las distintas etapas del ciclo agrícola.
Cantovivência e suas manifestações artísticas
Authors: Gonçalves Villanova Victoria Cristina
Published: August 2021

Este artigo aponta o início de uma consolidação do conceito Cantovivência e amadurecimento de seus usos. Trata-se de um termo criado durante a escrita monográfica e que vem sendo citado como possibilidade de representação e configuração do que é a interpretação de um corpo negro, nesse caso tendo como análise a interpretação de canções, que em alguns momentos podem ser chamadas de canções de protestos. O objetivo é demonstrar uma luta constante e secular que os povos racializados travam contra a supremacia branca, heteronormativa, racista e sexista. Essa luta é representada por seus corpos negros, afro-diaspóricos, resistentes e artísticos. O estar vivo e o cantar de um corpo negro é político.
Pensamento feminista negro e o blog “Blogueiras Negras”
Authors: Pereira da Silva Thais
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a produção do conhecimento a partir da epistemologia do pensamento feminista negro, proposto por Patricia Hill Collins, que configura-se como a teoria crítica produzida pelas mulheres negras nas suas lutas contra três dimensões articuladas de opressões: a econômica, a política e a ideológica. Nesse trabalho, analisamos a dimensão ideológica, ou seja, a cultural. Para isso, utilizamos o método de pesquisa Netnografia, a partir da análise do estudo de caso do blog “Blogueiras Negras” (BN), que foi realizado no período de março de 2013 a dezembro de 2014. Representante da tradição da imprensa negra e dos movimentos de mulheres negras, o BN é uma plataforma colaborativa que reúne cerca de 400 autoras. Ademais, a pesquisa bibliográfica inclui as (os) seguintes autoras (es), além dos já citados: Sueli Carneiro, Lélia Gonzalez, entre outras (os).
SNP Identification in Sperm Associated Antigen 11B Gene and Its Association with Sperm Quality Traits in Murrah Bulls
Authors: Deshmukh B. , Verma A. , Gupta I.D. , Kashyap N. , Saikia J.
Published: August 2021

Background: The beta-defensin family antigens present on sperm surface suggestively play pivotal role in sperm fertility by aiding in various steps of sperm maturation, motility, capacitation, immune recognition and sperm-oocyte interaction in female tract. It is imperative to explore genetic polymorphisms to build a better understanding of individual variation in male fertility. The experiment was designed to identify DNA polymorphism in Sperm Associated Antigen 11B (SPAG11B) gene and to analyze association between genetic variants with sperm quality traits in buffalo bulls (Murrah) in ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from hundred and thirty Murrah bulls. A 395 base pair region covering partial Intron 2, Exon 3 and Partial Intron 3 of bovine SPAG11 gene was amplified and genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. The PCR amplified product was purified, sequenced and further ClustalW analysis was done to align edited sequence with reported Bos taurus sequence (AC_000158.1). Gene and genotype frequencies, effective number of alleles, level of heterozygosity and polymorphic information content of various genotypes were estimated by standard procedure. Seminal parameters (Post thaw sperm motility, sperm viability, acrosomal integrity, HOST and abnormality) were estimated and statistical analysis was carried out. Result: A novel SNP (G greater than A substitution) at 2266 base of the SPAG11B gene was identified by sequencing. The fragment of SPAG11 gene containing 395 base pairs was amplified using PCR and digested with restriction enzyme i.e. MunI which showed three distinct genotypes viz., AA (266 bp and 107 bp fragment), AG (307 bp, 266 bp and 107 bp) and GG (373 bp fragment). Least squares means of seminal parameters for the SNP was estimated and compared after correction for non-genetic factors. Between genotypes, significant differences were found only for acrosomal integrity and was highest in AG (74.22±0.72) followed by AA (72.6±0.89) and GG (71.12±0.97), respectively. The identified novel SNP of SPAG11 gene showed significant association with acrosome integrity with genotype AG being superior to other genotypes. However, an association cannot be established with other seminal parameters with this SNP, further studies are required in order to validate the impact of g.2266G greater than A on sperm quality traits in a large population.
​Enhancement of Production Performance of Tharparkar Cattle using Lactation Persistency as A Selection Tool
Authors: George Linda , Gupta I.D , Nandhini P.B. , Verma Archana , Achankunju Jaismon P.
Published: August 2021

Background: Lactation persistency of cattle is the ability to maintain constant milk production after the peak milk yield. This work was conducted using a total of 372 daily milk yield records of all parities of 190 Tharparkar cattle sired by 38 bulls from 1990 to 2019 (29 years), collected from Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, maintained in Livestock Research centre of NDRI, Karnal. Methods: The lactation persistency was estimated using Mahadevan’s method (1951) based on the ratio of milk production in first 28 weeks to milk production in 10 weeks. Standard error as percentage of mean was used to test the efficiency of persistency indices. To study the effect of non-genetic factors Least-squares analysis was carried out by Harvey (1990) model. Result: The least squares mean of total milk yield (TMY), lactation length (LL), peak yield (PY), days to attain peak yield (DAPY) and lactation persistency (LP) were 1633.40±45.79Kg, 272.55±4.64 days, 10.83±0.17kg, 41.48±2.34 days and 1.27±0.02 respectively. First calvers had highest LL, DAPY and persistency. Rainy calvers had more TMY, LL, DAPY and LP and winter calvers were the low performers. Correlation of persistency with TMY, LL and DAPY were highly significant and positive. There was negative correlation with PY and LP. The estimated heritability for TMY, LL and PY was 0.16±0.34, 0.49±0.38 and 0.84±0.41 respectively. The heritability estimate of lactation persistency was very low with high standard error which revealed the significance of environmental effect in persistency.
Effect of Supplementation of Seaweed Formulations on Haematological, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Immune Response of Crossbred Calves
Authors: Handique Bornalee , Singh Putan , Verma A.K.
Published: August 2021

Background: Seaweeds are rich in complex carbohydrates, proteins and low molecular weight nitrogenous compounds, lipids, organic minerals, vitamins and pigments. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of supplementation of seaweed formulations on haematological, blood biochemical parameters and immune response of crossbred calves. Methods: A total of 18 male crossbred calves (130±7.56 kg live weight) were divided into 3 groups of 6 each based on complete randomized design. Calves in control (T0) was fed on standard diet, while treatment groups: T1 and T2 were supplemented with AF-KWP or AFRD-5 at the rate of 4% of concentrate mixture with 1% calcium carbonate and 1% dicalcium phosphate replacing mineral mixture and common salt offered in T0. The experiment was conducted for a period of 240 days. Blood was collected from each calf on 0, 100 and 200 days of experimental periods. Result: Concentration of Hb, PCV and RBC count was significantly higher in T1 and T2. Supplementation of seaweed increased significantly (P less than 0.001) the lymphocytes to neutrophil ratio. Serum total protein, albumin (A), globulin (G) and A:G ratio were comparable. Humoral immune response was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in T1 and T2. Study concluded that supplementation of seaweed formulations of T1 and T2 improved erythropoiesis, alleviate stress and increased humoral immune responses in crossbred calves and recommend as replacement to mineral mixture and common salt.
Detection of Subclinical Ketosis in Urine of Cattle and Buffaloes
Authors: Kushwah Nishtha , Singh Mahendra , Roy Ashwani Kumar
Published: August 2021

Background: Subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows is a common metabolic disorder and a strong determinant of the health and performance of cows throughout lactation. Considerable amount of milk loss takes place with SCK incidence in dairy animals. Greater benefits are to be gained by monitoring the cows for SCK. The current study was aimed to find out incidence of SCK by urine test strip (Keto-Diastix). Methods: The present investigation was carried out on crossbred and Sahiwal cows and Murrah buffaloes (n=180) of the institute herd and rural dairy farms (n=97) around Karnal. The urine samples were tested for subclinical ketosis (SCK) 5-60 days postpartum from August 2019 to March 2020. Meteriological data on wet and dry bulb temperature and ambient temperature was collected and THI was calculated. Data of SCK incidence was classified based on stages of early lactation (5-20, 21-40 and 41-60d), parity (I, II, III and above), seasons (hot-humid, autumn, winter and spring) and milk production level ( less than 10kg, 10-20 kg and greater than 20 kg/d). Milk yield and environment variables were recorded during the experiment. Urine ketone and glucose level was detected by keto-Diastix to find out incidence of SCK. Result: Mean level of ketone bodies in urine was higher (P less than 0.01) in high yielding cows as compared to the medium yielders; however it did not vary in buffaloes. Ketone bodies in urine were high (P less than 0.01) in crossbred cows than that of buffaloes and Sahiwal cows. Urine glucose level did not vary among cows and buffaloes. It is concluded that high producing crossbred cows are more vulnerable to SCK between 41-60d of lactation and in III parity and above due to peak milk production. Sahiwal cows and buffaloes suffer less from SCK probably due to medium level of milk production. Factors like high milk yield, higher parity and hot-humid stress makes the animal more vulnerable to SCK. The screening of urine samples of animals at monthly intervals may be practiced by the farmers to monitor the incidence of SCK.
Evaluation of Tramadol, Pentazocine Lactate and Meloxicam as Pre-emptive Analgesics for Pain Management in Canine Ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Chaithra S.N. , Saikia Basanta , Konwar Bedanga , Bayan Hitesh , Sarma Kalyan , Lallianchhunga M.C. , Arya Rahul Singh
Published: August 2021

Background: It is usually accepted that some degree of post-surgical pain will be commonly present. There are different pain scales adopted in veterinary practice to assess these behavioural signs to measure pain. VAS had been used in human medicine for many years to measure pain and was found equally satisfactory in dogs. Pre-emptive analgesia (PEA) is grasping popularity in recent days, the concept of which originated during the time of growing appreciation of dynamic characteristics of pain pathway for obtaining effective analgesia prior to the surgical trauma.
Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of tramadol, pentazocine lactate and meloxicam as pre-emptive analgesics in dogs premedicated with glycopyrrolate, induction and maintenance with propofol continuous rate infusion (CRI) for certain clinical and physiological parameters. The animals were randomly divided into three equal groups viz. Group-T, Group-P and Group-M comprising six animals in each group and all were premedicated with glycopyrrolate, I/M. After 10 minutes of pre-anaesthetic administration, pre-emptive analgesia was given (Tramadol in Group-T, Pentazocine lactate in Group-P and Meloxicam in Group-M intravenously). After 10 minutes of pre-emptive analgesic administration, induction was achieved with propofol I/V and also maintained by CRI method up to 1 hour. Clinical and physiological parameters were recorded at 0 (baseline) minute before premedication, thereafter at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr and 3 hr after pre-emptive analgesic administration. Result: There was no sedation observed within 10 min following pre-emptive analgesia and quality of sedation was recorded as score-0 in all the groups. Time for induction was significantly higher in group-M as compared to group-T and P. Quality of induction in all the groups ranged from score-0 to score1, assessment of peri-operative analgesia was recorded as score-0 in group-T and group-P, whereas in group-M it ranged from score-0 to score-1. Depth of anaesthesia was recorded as score-0 to score-1 in all the groups and quality of recovery was recorded as score-0 to score-1 in group-T and group-P and score-1 to score-2 in group-M. Assessment of post-operative analgesia by VAS was significantly lower in group-T as compared to group-P and M. In all the three groups, the heart rate increased significantly at 30 min interval and thereafter it decreased significantly till the end of the study. Respiratory rate also decreased significantly till 1 hr and thereafter it gradually increased till the end of study in all the groups. Rectal temperature, SpO2, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure decreased significantly at 30 min and thereafter increased gradually and approached base values in all the groups.
Clinical and Haemato-biochemical Studies on Gastro-intestinal Colic in Horses
Authors: Sharma S.K. , Nagar J.K. , Joshi Monika
Published: August 2021

Background: Colic is an important disease of horses. It is a multifactorial and complex disorder. Colic remains one of the common causes of death in horses therefore in present investigation, clinical and haemato-biochemical changes associated with GI colic in horses were studied. Methods: Total 105 horses were examined to study the clinical and haemato-biochemical parameters in colicky horses in southern part of Rajasthan. Result: Mean respiration rate, pulse rate and capillary refill time was found to be significantly increased in horses affected with colic than healthy control animals (P less than 0.05). In haematological indices, mean packed cell volume was significantly increased in colic affected horses (P less than 0.05) whereas mean total platelet count and mean lymphocyte count was found to be significantly decreased (P less than 0.05). In serum biochemical indices, serum aspartate amino transferase, serum alanine amino transferase, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum glucose, serum albumin, serum total protein, serum alkaline phosphate and blood lactate were found to be significantly increased in horses affected with colic than healthy control group (P less than 0.05).
POLÍTICAS DE AUSTERIDADE EM VELHAS ROUPAS PATRIÓTICAS: a ideologização na era Bolsonaro
Authors: COELHO VICTOR DE OLIVEIRA PINTO
Published: August 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo uma análise do contexto político e econômico verificado no Brasil a partir de 2016, tendo como foco a ascensão de Jair Bolsonaro. Mais especificamente, pretendemos analisar a relação entre as políticas de austeridade e a ideologia da extrema-direita, para tanto, utilizamos a noção de ideologia como categoria teórica. Como hipótese, o discurso patriótico e antipetista teria um duplo aspecto: o de mistificar os aspectos antipopulares das medidas de austeridade, por um lado, e o de politizar as propostas de austeridade, potencializando certas polarizações ideológicas que envolvem temas como meritocracia, corrupção, Estado, nação e “vermelhos”, por outro. A conceitualização sobre a ideologia, assim, tem papel importante no sentido de fundamentar seu duplo aspecto de mistificação e proposição de sentido.
IMPRENSA DO INTERIOR DO MARANHÃO: o percurso dos jornais de Imperatriz (1930-2010)
Authors: REIS THAYS ASSUNÇÃO
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta o percurso dos jornais que circularam em Imperatriz entre o período de 1932 e 2010. Trata-se de uma periodização dividida em três fases: Primórdios da Imprensa (1930-1960), Modernização (1970-1980) e Imprensa Contemporânea (1990-2010). A proposta foi construída com base em elementos tecnológicos, no crescimento e na segmentação dos impressos, relacionados às transformações e às contradições da sociedade local. Dentre os resultados alcançados, observamos uma descontinuidade e efemeridade dos jornais, além da falta de materialidade em alguns títulos da cidade.
JORNAL PACOTILHA: uma voz pela modernidade fin-de-siècle em São Luí
Authors: MATOS MARCOS FÁBIO BELO
Published: August 2021

O estudo de caso apresentado neste texto demonstra como o jornal Pacotilha se transformou num dos mais importantes defensores da modernidade de São Luís, em fins do século XIX. Importante jornal ludovicense, Pacotilha, em suas páginas, registra o verdadeiro contexto da introdução dos artefatos de modernidade que chegavam na pequena capital do Maranhão. E, por isso, torna-se um documento primordial para todos aqueles que pretendem compreender o cenário da cidade nessa época, de leitura indispensável para construção de análises mais amplas.
Vignette--Lessons Learned from Adapting Professional Development to Fit a Remote, Academic-Year REU
Authors: Halpern Stacey L. , Mutz Jessie , Inouye Brian D. , Underwood Nora
Published: August 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic precluded the summer supplemental REUs that were planned as part of a collaborative NSF grant. Instead, a hybrid, cross-country, REU experience during the academic year was created. The fellowships (20 hours per week for 20 weeks) involved three faculty mentoring five students from Florida State University (a research university) and Pacific University (a primarily undergraduate institution) in Oregon.
The Problems and Possibilities of Creating and Sustaining a Multidisciplinary, Undergraduate, Digital Journal
Authors: Farkas Kerrie R. H. , Pashkova-Balkenhol Tatiana
Published: August 2021

Based on the authors’ experience with launching and sustaining a journal over six years and data collected from five years of exit interviews, reflective writing, and surveys, they discuss 10 key steps for creating and sustaining an undergraduate journal and overcoming the obstacles linked to such an endeavor.
An Online Training Program to Enhance Novice Researchers’ Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Gilbertson Lynn , Rowe Jeannine , Kim Yeongmin , Chan Catherine W. M. , Schemm Naomi , Unhoch Michael
Published: August 2021

This article describes a multidisciplinary, asynchronous,10-hour online training program for undergraduates enrolled in a mentored research apprentice program, addressing communication skills, knowledge of the research process, information literacy, and research ethics. Results revealed significant perceived gains in all four content areas (p < 0.001) with no significant differences across disciplines.
FISCAL POLICY TRANSMISSION CHANNELS AND MACROECONOMIC VARIABLES PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA
Authors: Bose Jolayemi Lydia , Enisan Akinlo Anthony
Published: August 2021

The paper investigates the impact of fiscal policy channels on selected macroeconomic variables in Nigeria over the period of 1970-2018. The study employed the Bayesian approach of the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model, after examining the prior and posterior mean values on the models specified. The paper established that channels of transmission from fiscal policy affected the performance of macroeconomic variables in the country that is, the instability on macroeconomic variables performances in Nigeria are highly influenced by the fiscal policy transmission channels. The study concluded that credit to the private sector, exchange rate, government spending and oil revenue were significant variables in Nigeria that need good policy measure for their performances. The paper recommends that there is a need for a sustained reduction in the fiscal policy channels as this helps in achieving sustainable development and improves variables performance. Also, since credit shock is the most active shock through which Fiscal policy channels transmitted to the economy, effort should be made to encourage banks to create more money in the economy to the private sector. And Central Bank of Nigeria should also pursue the government in financing credit availability in the country.
Effectiveness Degree of Administrative Creativity in the Schools of Ramtha District from the Perspective of Male and Female Teachers
Authors: Salma A. K. Abu–Allymoon
Published: August 2021

The current study aimed to assess the degree of effectiveness of administrative creativity in Ramtha district schools from the perspective of male and female teachers. The study followed the descriptive survey method; and the population consisted of all male and female teachers of Ramtha schools (2100). The study sample consisted of (420) male and female teachers, selected by the random stratified method. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire consisting of (33) items was used. The results of the study showed that the overall assessment of the degree of effectiveness of administrative creativity in the schools of the Ramtha district from the perspective of the male and female teachers was within average with a mean of (2.99). There were also statistical differences due to the gender variable in favor of females, and the years of experience variable in favor of (5-9) years and (10 years and above). The study recommended the need to conduct continuous training courses and workshops to develop the practices and effectiveness of administrative creativity for school principals.
Availability Degree of Administrative Creativity among School Principals in Ajloun Governorate from the Perspective of Teachers
Authors: Husni I. Salem  , Taghreed R. Al-Momani
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the availability degree of administrative creativity among school principals in Ajloun governorate from the perspective of teachers, and to identify the impact of the variables (gender, academic qualification and educational stage) on teachers’ assessment. The sample of the study consisted of (350) teachers selected by the stratified random method. To achieve this, the descriptive survey method was used and a questionnaire consisted of (45) items was developed, covering four dimensions: (originality, fluency, sensitivity to problems and flexibility). The results showed that the availability degree of administrative creativity among school principals in Ajloun governorate from the perspectives of teachers was (high). There were also no significant statistical differences at (α=0.05) in teachers' assessment due to the variables (gender, academic qualification and educational stage). In light of the results, a set of recommendations were proposed.
A critical study of the Job Creation Law No. 11 of 2020 and its implications for labor in Indonesia
Authors: Hamid Adnan
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine the Job Creation Law No. 11 of 2020 which contains the interpretation, position, and implications of the Act on employment in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research, and the findings of the research are the Job Creation Law No. 11 of 2020 is considered to have tended to ignore labor rights. This law was formed and ratified as a labor law, which is still considered far from the wishes of the people who adhere to democratic principles. This is due to the lack of optimal community involvement in the drafting process so that this law has very implications for workers. For example, workers do not have a strong bargaining position in labor law in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a manpower law that is in line with the mandate of the Preamble and the 1945 Constitution as a basis for the government and parliament in making laws and regulations and at the same time providing legal protection, especially for workers or laborers and employers simultaneously in order to create a society that is prosperous, and evenly distributed both materially and spiritually.
The measurement model of Islamic work ethics for Muslim employees in the banking industry
Authors: Widana Gusti Oka
Published: August 2021

Islamic work ethics of Muslim employees is substantial, as many previous studies show its role in the sound performance of the employees. This study aims to propose the measurement model of Islamic work ethics for Muslim employees in the banking industry. This study identifies eight dimensions of Islamic work ethics upon intensive literature review: religiousness, collectivity, equality, effort, quality, work obligation, competition, and advantage. Based on these dimensions and through certain systematic stages, this study develops a measurement consisting of 47 items. The contribution of this study is to provide a more suitable measurement that can be used by following empirical research to assess the profile of Islamic work ethics for Muslim employees, both for Islamic banking and conventional banking.
Incorporating Blue Bonds as a funding alternative for a sustainable development project
Authors: Althalet Fareis , Fajar Rahayu Tira Siya , Hera Hera , Akhirati Ayu Fil , Pingki Pingki , Nura Nirwana , Andreana Angelika Gita
Published: August 2021

This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.
INVESTIGASI SIFAT MAGNET DAN LUAS PERMUKAAN BENTONIT TERMAGNETISASI SEBAGAI ADSORBEN CEPAT PISAH
Authors: Wardani Dyah Ayu Pramoda , Damsyik Akhmad , Karelius Karelius , Suyanta Suyanta , Siswanta Dwi
Published: August 2021

Bentonit merupakan material alam yang memiliki kecenderungan yang tinggi membentuk koloid, ukuran partikelnya yang dapat membesar sampai beberapa kali lipat jika terkontak dengan air dan membentuk suspensi, akan menimbulkan kesulitan dalam proses pemisahannya dari fasa cair setelah proses adsorpsi. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi kelemahan tersebut ialah dengan melakukan modifikasi bentonit menggunakan magnetit (Fe3O4), yang akan mengakibatkan adanya sifat kemagnetan pada material tersebut. Sifat kemagnetan ini diharapkan memudahkan pemisahan partikel–partikel bentonit termodifikasi setelah proses adsorpsi dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dan cepat menggunakan medan magnet eksternal. Dalam studi ini dikaji sifat kemagnetan bentonit termagnetisasi menggunakan instrumen VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) dan dikaji luas permukaan bentonit teraktivasi dan bentonit termagnetisasi menggunakan SSA (Surface Sorption Analyzer) berdasarkan persamaan BET.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis VSM memberikan nilai Ms pada Fe3O4 murni lebih besar (64 emu/g) dibandingkan bentonit termagnetisasi (11 emu/g). Berdasarkan data analisis SSA diperoleh bahwa sampel bentonit termagnetisasi memiliki luas permukaan spesifik yang lebih kecil bila dibandingkan dengan bentonit teraktivasi, yaitu masing-masing sebesar 222 dan 138 m2/g.
Mib1 Expression Is Increased in Meningiomas with Histopathological Evidence of Cns Invasion
Authors: Behling Felix , Fodi Christina , Wang Sophie , Hempel Johann Martin , Hoffmann Elgin , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Honegger Jürgen , Tatagiba Marcos , Schittenhelm Jens , Skardelly Marco
Published: August 2021

Conclusions: Meningiomas with histopathological CNS invasion show a higher proliferative activity.
Antibiotics Treatment Modulates Microglia-Synapses Interaction Through CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis
Authors: Cordella Federica , Sanchini Caterina , Rosito Maria , Ferrucci Laura , Pediconi Natalia , Cortese Barbara , Guerrieri Francesca , Pascucci Giuseppe Rubens , Antonangeli Fabrizio , Peruzzi Giovanna , Giubettini Maria , Basilico Bernadette , Pagani Francesca , Grimaldi Alfonso , D’Alessandro Giuseppina , Limatola Cristina , Ragozzino Davide , Di Angelantonio Silvia
Published: August 2021

‘Dysbiosis’ of the adult gut microbiota, in response to challenges such as infection, altered diet, stress, and antibiotics treatment has been recently linked to pathological alteration of brain func-tion and behavior. Moreover, gut microbiota composition constantly controls microglia matura-tion as revealed by morphological observations and gene expression analysis. However, it is un-clear whether gut microbiota influences microglia functional properties and crosstalk with neu-rons, known to shape and modulate synaptic development and function. Here, we investigated how antibiotic mediated alteration of the gut microbiota influences microglial and neuronal functions in adult mice hippocampus. Hippocampal microglia from adult mice treated with oral antibiotics exhibited increased microglia density, altered basal patrolling activity, and impaired process rearrangement in response to damage. Patch clamp recordings at CA3-CA1 synapses revealed that antibiotics treatment alters neuronal functions, reducing spontaneous postsynaptic glutamatergic currents and decreasing synaptic connectivity, without reducing dendritic spines density. The effect of dysbiosis on neuronal functions are mediated by microglia-neuron cross-talk through the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis, as antibiotics treatment of CX3CR1 deficient mice, mod-ulates microglia density and processes rearrangement leaving unaltered synaptic function. To-gether, our findings show that the antibiotics alteration of gut microbiota impairs synaptic effi-cacy, probably through CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling supporting microglia as a major player in in the gut-brain axis, and in particular in the gut microbiota-to-neuron communication pathway.
Analysis of Research on the Sdgs: The Relationship between Climate Change, Poverty and Inequality.
Authors: Pérez-Peña María del Carmen , Jiménez-García Mercedes , Ruiz-Chico Jose , Peña-Sánchez Antonio Rafael
Published: August 2021

Since its adoption in September 2015, the 2030 Agenda has laid the foundations for a model of shared prosperity for a sustainable world. We are going through a complicated pandemic that shows profound inequalities affecting our economies, health, and quality of life. For this reason, our aim in this work is to make known the state of the art of scientific research related to inequality, poverty, and climate change and to propose lines of improvement that can contribute to achieving 3 of the 17 SDGs (End poverty-SDG 1-, Reduce inequality-SDG 10-, and Climate action -SDG 13-), proposed in the 2030 Agenda. To do so, we have used a systematic literature review methodology. The results show that poverty, inequality and climate change is a subject that has been little studied and articulated by researchers, with significant differences between the different areas studied. Topics related to sustainability and economics are those with the highest number of publications (51.7%). The rest are distributed among the 12 existing departments. Another relevant finding is that the effects of climate change are more pressing for more vulnerable populations, including impoverished women from rural areas and children from underdeveloped countries. This is a gender and social inequality that has been little addressed in climate change studies. Food security and energy poverty is another under-exploited aspect in this area. According to the results obtained in this work, we consider that the circular economy could improve these indicators, constituting a line of future research. Thus, one of its main objectives is to eliminate negative externalities, specifically existing social inequalities within the current linear economy model.
The Potential Role of Cytokines and Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ogunmokun Gilbert , Dewanjee Saikat , Chakraborty Pratik , Valupadas Chandrasekhar , Chaudhary Anupama , Kolli Viswakalyan , Anand Uttpal , Vallamkondu Jayalakshmi , Goel Parul , Paluru Hari Prasad Reddy , Gill Kiran Dip , Reddy P. Hemachandra , De Feo Vincenzo , Kandimalla Ramesh
Published: August 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized mainly by the gradual decay in neuronal function as a consequence of diverse degenerating events primarily including mitochondria dysfunction and cascades of neuro-immune reactions. Besides the acquired harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), neurotoxins, and amyloid-beta (Aβ) and TAU pathologies in neurons, accumulating evidence with time underlined the roles of cytokines and growth factors in the AD pathogenesis. It may help us in evaluating the propensities and specific mechanism(s) of cytokines and factors impacting neuron upon apoptotic decline. Proinflammatory cytokines often induce inflammation in AD and AD-like pathogenesis in response to the apoptotic scenarios where some growth factors are involved in cytokinetic reactions to activate microglia and causing inflammation in AD. In this report, we comprehensively reviewed role of cytokines and chemokines in immune response to AD and neuropsychiatry. We provided insights into the neuroinflammation and the role of diverse factors including the pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, APP, TAU phosphorylation, glycation end products, complement system, and the role of glial cells. Also, we discussed the pathogenic and protective role of macrophage migration inhibitory factors, choroid plexus-, neurotrophic- and hematopoietic -related growth factors in AD. We further shed light on the availability and accessibility of the cytokines across the blood-brain barrier in AD pathophysiology. Taken together, the emerging role of these factors in AD pathology emphasized the importance of building novel strategies for an effective therapeutic/neuropsychiatric management of AD in clinics.
A Time-Symmetric Resolution of the Einstein’s Boxes Paradox
Authors: Heaney Michael B.
Published: August 2021

The Einstein’s Boxes paradox was developed by Einstein, de Broglie, Heisenberg, and others to demonstrate the incompleteness of the Copenhagen Formulation of quantum mechanics. I explain the paradox using the Copenhagen Formulation. I then show how a Time-Symmetric Formulation of quantum mechanics resolves the paradox in the way envisioned by Einstein and de Broglie. Finally, I describe an experiment that can distinguish between these two formulations.
Pengaruh Tingkat Kematangan Buah terhadap Kehilangan Hasil dan Mutu Green Bean Kopi Robusta
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Prasetyo Prasetyo , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi
Published: August 2021

Kepahiang Robusta coffee has received a Geographical Indication (GI) certificate. Maintaining the quality of green coffee bean has been achieved  through the application of proper harvesting technology. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fruit maturity level when harvested on yield losses due to coffee berry borer (CBB) and the quality of green coffee bean. The research was conducted from December 2019 to August 2020 in Bukit Sari Village, Kabawetan District, Kepahiang Regency, Bengkulu Province. The harvested beans were categorized into 3 groups based on their maturity level, namely: red (K1), reddish yellow (K2), and yellowish green (K3). The parameters observed were the CBB infecteds, yield, physical quality of green coffee bean and chemical content. The results showed that the highest attack rate of CBB found in the red berry about 34.33%, whereas  the highest rendement was 20.52% found in yellowish-green berry. The highest percentage of yield loss due to CBB attacks occurred in red berry at 30.23%. However, the best physical quality and chemical content was also found in the red berry.
AUC Venture Lab: Encouraging an entrepreneurial culture to increase youth employment
Authors: Ahmed AlGarf Yasmine
Published: August 2021

The American University in Cairo Venture Lab (V-Lab) is the first university-based startup accelerator in Egypt. Oxfam’s Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) programme in Egypt partnered with V-Lab to support youth in entrepreneurship and business startups. V-Lab provides dynamic business support to entrepreneurs with innovative and scalable ideas. Its work has brought about change in Egypt’s culture and business environment. In this case study, YPE and V-Lab make useful recommendations on how to strengthen the sustainability and growth of entrepreneurship in Egypt. V-Lab’s other initiatives include connecting graduates with potential investors. The accelerator’s startups have played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic by helping to create employment opportunities, both directly and indirectly.