bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Bibliometric Analysis of Dea Contributions to Energy Efficiency in the Pulp and Paper Industry
Authors: Da Rocha Vítor Gomes , Rossato Fabrícia Gladys Fernandes da Silva , De Moraes Ariane Elias Leite , Miranda Mara Rúbia da Silva
Published: October 2023

Objective: This article aims to analyze energy efficiency in the pulp and paper sector using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Theoretical framework: The concern for sustainability has been a topic of discussion across the planet. Compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) stipulated by the 2030 Agenda has been a goal for organizations. In this sense, the pulp and paper industries stand out, as they stand out for their considerable participation in the impact on the environment. Methodology: As a methodology, bibliometric research was used to determine the number of publications, citations, authors and countries involved in energy efficiency research. Results and conclusion: The results showed that China leads the field with the highest number of publications and citations, followed by the United States. In addition, the authors with the most significant impact factor are of Chinese origin, with the Journal of Cleaner Production being the main source of publication of these critical studies. Research implications: These findings demonstrate the growing interest in energy efficiency research, highlighting the need to meet the planet's energy needs as quickly as possible. Originality/value: The results of this bibliometric analysis provided valuable insight into the current state of research and publications related to Energy Efficiency measured with DEA ​​in the pulp and paper industries worldwide. Further exploratory analyzes and content analyzes are suggested to identify areas of research that have been neglected and provide new insights for future research.
Evaluasi Dosis Efektif Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) Glioblastoma Multiforme Menggunakan Simulasi Monte Carlo
Authors: Handayani Liska Tri , Budi Wahyu Setia , Arianto Fajar
Published: October 2023

Glioblastoma multiformeÂ merupakan kanker otak stadium IV yang sangat sulit diobati dan umumnya terjadi padaÂ hemisferÂ serebrum otak. Terapi BNCT telah dikembangkan untuk pengobatanÂ glioblastomaÂ yang lebih aman, namun hamburan neutron dan foton gamma yang berasal dari terapi padaÂ organ at riskÂ ini perlu dievaluasi menggunakan simulasi. Metode yang dilakukan dengan mensimulasikan phantom ORNL-MIRD bagian kepala dan leher menggunakan program MCNPX. Arah penyinaran radiasi terhadap pasien dibuat menjadi dua arah yaitu RLAT dan TOP. Perhitungan dosis dalam BNCT dilakukan dengan mencari nilai dosis serap, dosis ekuivalen, dan dosis efektif. Dosis efektif dianalisis menggunakan ICRP publikasi 60 dan 103. Berdasarkan perhitungan dosis serap, arah penyinaran yang paling efektif adalah arah penyinaran TOP, dengan persentase dosis serap padaÂ organ at riskÂ relatif aman terutama pada organ tiroid, dan nilai pada organÂ cranium, otak, tiroid, dan kulit berturut-turut sebesar 11,4%, 10,15%, 0,002%, dan 6,4%. Nilai dosis efektif pada ICRP 60 dan 103 bernilai sama pada organ cranium dan kulit. Namun, pada organ tiroid, nilai dosis efektif dengan ICRP 103 lebih rendah dibandingkan ICRP 60. Hal ini menandakan berkurangnya resiko untuk penyakit terwaris pada tiroid, dan pada organ otak hanya dihitung menggunakan ICRP 103
Laju Reaksi Penghilangan Fosfat pada Limbah Cair Artifisial NPK Menggunakan Sistem Floating Treatment Wetlands
Authors: Sugiarti  , Nurul Setiadewi  , Cynthia Henny  , Dewi Verawati  , Agus Waluyo
Published: October 2023

Floating Treatment Wetland (FTW) is a form of wetland that functions to remove waste such as Nitrogen (N element) and Phosphorus (Phosphorous/P element) waste by utilizing plant roots as pollutant absorbers. This study aims to examine the reaction rate of phosphate removal from synthetic P waste through FTW. The water plants used were water jasmine (Echinodorus palifolius) and banana (Helliconia psittaforum). Four FTW ponds are filled with synthetic P waste. The first pond is a control pond, while the second pond is filled with FTW without plants, and the third and fourth ponds are filled with each of the aquatic plants mentioned above. The study was conducted from July to mid-August 2019. Water samples were taken in four pools five times in the first week, three times in the second week and twice in the third to sixth weeks. The parameters measured are water temperature, pH, Oxidative Reductive Potential (ORP) and phosphate. The data analysis carried out was calculating the phosphate reaction rate for each measured sample. The rate of phosphate decreases in proportion to the decrease in phosphate concentration in the test pond. Aquatic plants have been proven to remove phosphate from synthetic waste by using it as a nutrient for plant growth.
Synthesis of Mg-doped TiO2 Using a Hydrothermal Method as Photoanode on Bixin-Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Winda Rahmalia  , Intan Syahbanu  , Nurlina  , Ayu Widya Sari  , Septiani
Published: October 2023

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) with magnesium (Mg) doping for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) photoanode application has been synthesized. DSSC components used in this study were photosensitizer (bixin), electrolyte (), cathode (platinum), and photoanode (Mg-TiO2). This research aims to determine the characteristics of Mg-doped TiO2 photoanode with variations in dopant concentration based on the results of XRD and DR/UV-Vis analysis, as well as to determine the maximum efficiency conversion energy of DSSC using Mg-doped TiO2 and undoped TiO2 as photoanodes. The synthesis of TiO2 and Mg-TiO2 was carried out using the hydrothermal method with variations in the concentration of Mg dopant of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2% based on the molar ratio. The presenceof 2% of Mg in anatase TiO2 paste decreased the TiO2 band gap from 3.15 to 2.60 eV. Analysis results show that adding Mg dopant decreased the crystal size. Mg dopants on TiO2 could also form new energy levels, which reduced the band gap energy of TiO2. In addition, the increased concentration of Mg dopants also shifted the absorption capacity of TiO2 from the ultra-violet (UV) wavelengths region to the visible light area. The maximum energy conversion efficiency of the DSSCs with Mg-doped TiO2 photoanode of 0.5, 1, and 2% are 0.045; 0.070, and 0.172%, respectively, where these three efficiency values are higher than undoped TiO2 (0.017%). The results proved that the presence of Mg dopants on the TiO2 photoanode can increase the efficiency of DSSC.
A new species of Malacophagula (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) obtained during a rapid biodiversity assessment in Sierra de la Ventana, Argentina
Authors: MULIERI Pablo R , BRUNELLA Cecilia I.
Published: October 2023

A new species of the genus Malacophagula Bequaert (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is described, M. ventana sp. nov., collected during a Rapid Biodiversity Assessment (RBA) in Sierra de la Ventana, an area of high value for conservation of Argentina. In this work the genus Malacophagula is recorded for the first time in Argentina. Illustrations of the habitus and phallic structures to diagnose and recognition of this species are provided.
Sexual dimorphism, diagnosis and damage caused by Duponchelia fovealis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-VÁZQUEZ Edgar , PINEDA-GUILLERMO Samuel , HERNÁNDEZ-JUÁREZ Agustín , TEJEDA-REYES Manuel A. , LÓPEZ-BAUTISTA Everardo , ILLESCAS-RIQUELME Carlos P
Published: October 2023

The European pepper moth, Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an invasive and polyphagous species that has spread to several countries around the world. Currently there is little information in Mexico on this species. This paper describes and illustrates the characteristics of adults and pupae of both sexes, the male genitalia, and the damage caused by larvae in strawberry plantations. Adults possess several distinctive features that make them recognizable from other pest Lepidoptera, such as the transverse distal line on the forewings, which forms a finger-like figure. The abdomen of females is wide, contrary to males which is thin, tubular and elongated beyond the wings. The sexual differences in pupae are observed in the genital slits located in the 9th abdominal segment. The male slit presents a lobe on each side, while the female lacks these structures. The larvae feed on the roots, stems and fruits of strawberry plants, also allowing the entry of opportunistic pathogens. This information is useful to initiate research that requires live sexed insects, to support species identification and improve monitoring methods.
Aphid species populations and their seasonal fluctuation in Prunus orchards affected by Sharka disease within the quarantine areas of Argentina
Authors: MAZZITELLI María E , DAL ZOTTO Angélica , PIGLIÓNICO Damián , FARRANDO Roberto , PORCEL Laura , OJEDA María E , RAIGÓN Juan M , MARINI Diana
Published: October 2023

Sharka is a disease of stone fruits, produced by the Plum Pox Virus and transmitted by aphids. It was detected for the first time in Argentina in 2004. In order to assess the aphid species that could act as a potential vector of this disease, we described the aphids community and seasonal fluctuation within two Prunus orchards affected by Sharka disease, located within two quarantine areas in Cuyo Region. Aphids were trapped weekly from October (spring) to April (autumn) during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013, by using yellow water traps (TAA), and identified using winged aphid’s taxonomic keys. In total, 27 aphid species were identified. The most dominant species collected was Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Orchard-trapped population of this dominant aphid showed seasonal fluctuation with two peaks, November (spring) and March (autumn).
الطاقة الميكانيكية خلال الدائرة الخلفية الكبرى كينموتسو (kenmotsu) على جهاز المتوازي في الجمباز
Authors: تركي مناع ثامر , محمد صياح قاسم , حامد رجا محب
Published: October 2023

الغرض من هذه الدراسة هو بيان عن تغييرات الطاقة الميكانيكية في الجسم كله، وتحديد العمل العضلي الذي يقوم به لاعب الجمباز خلال الدائرة الخلفية الكبرى على جهاز المتوازي. تمثلت عينة الدراسة من ثلاثة لاعبين شاركوا في بطولة كاس العالم للجمباز 2019 عربيان وواحد تركي. مقاطع الفيديو كانت من موقع الاتحاد الدولي للجمباز وكانت سرعة تردد الكاميرا (25) صورة بالثانية وعمودية على المستوى الفراغي. التحليل كان ثنائي الأبعاد بواسطة البرنامج البايوميكانيكي (Skill Spector). أشارت النتائج إلى أن انخفاض الطاقة الميكانيكية للجسم كله هو بسبب الاحتكاك بين أيدي لاعب الجمباز وعارضتي المتوازي، ومقاومة الهواء. فلإكمال الدوران يتعين على اللاعب أن يقوم بعمل عضلي لتعويض هذه الخسائر في الطاقة. لذلك يتغير إجمالي الطاقة الميكانيكية مع العلاقة بين فقدان الطاقة والعمل العضلي.
تاثير اوزان مختلفة في بعض المتغيرات الكينماتيكية لاختبار قوة الذراعين
Authors: سبع عطية احمد , احمد محمد حميد , حامد بدر امجد
Published: October 2023

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على قيم اختبار القوة الانفجارية للذراعين بأوزان مختلفة وبعض متغيراتها الكينماتيكية وتأثير ذلك عليها اضافة الى مستوى الفروق التي تطرا على الاداء ومتغيراته لدى طلبة  كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة- جامعة بغداد العام (2018-2019)م، ومن خلال اطلاع الباحثون على مختلف المصادر العلمية فانه لم يجد دراسة مشابهة تأخذ اختلافات الاوزان في الانجاز والمسار الميكانيكي للأداء، كذلك عندما نأخذ متطلبات الاختبار فنجد ان هناك مصادر تعطي الاهمية لهذا النوع من الاختبارات في معرفة القوة الانفجارية للذراعين ولكنها لا تنطبق في الوزن (الكرة الطبية) الذي يستخدم للاختبار فبعضها يعطي وزن (1) كغم والاخر (2) كغم والاخر (3) كغم... الخ، علما انها لنفس العينة من حيث العمر او المستوى، صحيح اننا قد نراعي حالات الوزن عندما يختلف عمر العينة. واستخدم الباحثون المنهج الوصفي بأسلوب المقارنات وتكونت العينة من (100) طالب توزعوا على المراحل الاربعة. واجريت التجربة في القاعة الداخلية المغلقة وقد اجرت العينة الاختبارات على (3) اوزان مختلفة في رمي الكرة الطبية  (1) كغم، (2) كغم (3) كغم من وضع (الجلوس). وتم استعمال كاميرا بسرعة (120)ص/ثا اضافة الى تحليل المتغيرات عن طريق برنامج التحليل الحركي (Kienovea) واستخرجت النتائج باستخدام البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS) (One.way.Anova)، (L.S.D). واستنتجا ان هناك نسب تناقص ثابتة في مقدار متغيرات البحث بين الاوزان المختلفة، وان سرعة الانطلاق هي المتغير الاكثر تأثرا بعد الانجاز في اختلاف الاوزان.
دراسة مستوى حالة قلق المنافسة الرياضية لدى لاعبي المبارزة
Authors: عبد الله حسين عمر
Published: October 2023

تكمن اهمية البحث في دراسة حالة القلق الظاهر و القلق المستتر وأثرهما على اداء اللاعب ضمن المنافسات المحلية او العالمية لما يصاحبها من ضغوط نفسية تواجه اللاعب قبل وأثناء النزال، ويكمن هدف البحث في الكشف عن مستوى حالة قلق المنافسة الرياضية وما هي اسبابها وايجاد الحلول المناسبة لها من اجل الحد من اثارها السلبية على اداء اللاعب , وافترض الباحث وجود نسبه مرتفعة من حالة قلق المنافسة الرياضية لدى افراد العينة. حيث استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي بالأسلوب المسحي لبيان مستوى القلق المصاحب لأداء اللاعب في المنافسات. واستنتج الباحث وجود علاقة عكسية بين مستوى حالة القلق ومستوى اداء اللاعب، واوصى الباحث بوجوب تدريب الرياضيين نفسيا لمواجه حالة قلق المنافسات الرياضية للحد من نتائجه السلبية على اداء اللاعب.
The Potential for Social Protection in Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Empowering Women Farmers in Namibia
Authors: Amadhila Elina M.
Published: October 2023

Agriculture is the highest employment sector in Namibia, yet evidence of social protection measures specifically for those involved in farming in Namibia is lacking despite recurring drought events that affect more women than men. Existing studies with a focus on gender participation and social protection in agriculture do not focus on Namibia. Further, extant research also underlines the importance of collecting data beyond time-use surveys with heads of household and rather asking women farmers specific questions about their needs to help tailor policy measures accordingly, hence a qualitative methodology is employed. The article focuses on the role and challenges of obtaining social assistance or agriculture insurance for women to encourage agricultural production. Twenty-one (21) women farmers interviewed assert that the role of social protection as insurance protection is to cover for any losses in farming. However, many participants perceive social farming protection to be unaffordable due to poor access to markets and subsequently low income from farming or were unaware of its availability. Furthermore, many participants do not own the land they farm as it is either leased or inherited from elders by men and therefore they are not encouraged to take out social protection for farming. The article recommends providing accessible information on the availability of agricultural insurance and how women could access it, but also ensuring that issues such as access to land and markets are dealt with. Lastly, the involvement in high value agricultural value chains is encouraged for better income prospects and to possibly make insurance more affordable.
Through Filmic Lenses: The Social Impact of HIV/AIDS on the Orphaned Girl Child in Zimbabwe
Authors: Vambe Maurice Taonezvi , Mushore Washington
Published: October 2023

Millions of children worldwide have become orphaned for many reasons such as war, famine, displacement, disease, and poverty. The HIV/AIDS pandemic has drastically altered the world children live in. It has led to many children becoming orphans worldwide. An orphan, according to the World Vision, is a child younger than 18 years who has lost either one biological, foster or adoptive parent or both biological, foster or adoptive parents. The Sunday Mail of 12 November 2017 carried a story in which the United Nations International Children’s Fund reported that 17.8 million children worldwide have lost both parents (double orphan), with 153 million having lost one parent (single orphan). The United Nations International Children’s Fund, furthermore, reported that in Zimbabwe there were close to 2 million orphans, with an estimated 3 900 orphans being raised in orphanages. The social roles, rights and privileges of children orphaned by HIV/AIDS have ultimately become disrupted particularly in child-headed households. Guided by the media reflection hypothesis coupled with a qualitative content approach, this article critically examines Everyone’s Child, a Zimbabwean feature film directed by Tsitsi Dangarembga in 1996, to discuss some of the social impacts of HIV/AIDS on the orphaned girl child in Zimbabwe. Films play an important role in society. They act as reflectors or mirrors of society; therefore, this article argues that the film Everyone’s Child reflects back to society which challenges are faced by children orphaned by HIV/AIDS in child-headed families in Zimbabwe. The absence of biological parents therefore makes the life of orphans stressful and affects their well-being negatively.
Community Technology Centres as Bridges to Foster Social and Digital Equality amongst the Youth in South Africa
Authors: Mbatha Blessing
Published: October 2023

This article sheds some light on the role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in promoting youth development in selected communities in KwaZulu-Natal. The study targeted the youth in four selected community technology centres in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Through a survey, 207 youth were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. In addition, data were tabulated and presented using tables, frequencies and percentiles. The study was informed by the diffusion of innovations theory. The results indicate that a variety of ICTs are available in the telecentres to provide the youth with much-needed access to information and improved communication. The study recommends that there should be sufficient and coherent government policies regulating the training of the youth to effectively use these ICTs. Government should ensure that adequate ICT training is offered to the youth. In addition, there is a need to gradually include ICT training in the school curricula at all levels, including primary education.
Digital Transformation to Improve Children’s Literacy in Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Nkomo Sifundo , Matli Walter
Published: October 2023

Advances in technology have allowed digital transformation to reach all productive sectors, including the education sector and its members. This transformation is linked to emerging technologies, the digitalisation of processes and resources, and the demand for users to upgrade to the latest technological updates. The article aims to examine the role of digital transformation in improving children’s literacy in Africa. To achieve this, the researchers used Arksey and O’Malley’s systematic scoping review to identify and map articles over five years (2017–2022) using specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty articles focused on factors or determinants of digital transformation and literacy for African children. The findings of this study suggest that the literacy sector in Africa faces several challenges in adapting to digital transformation. These challenges include insufficient funding, infrastructure, and skills to prepare learners to participate in the digital transformation. The findings also suggest that African governments should invest in the development of infrastructure and human, technical, and financial capacity to develop the literacy system needed to participate in the digital transformation. The study revealed several opportunities, including the availability of timely reading resources, the sharing of resources among learners, and the potential for improving engagement and accessibility through interactive and customisable resources. The study concludes that there is a need for African schools to adopt digital transformation to improve literacy. A proposed integrated framework for digital transformation and improving literacy was crafted. The framework is likely to be feasible and beneficial to most African countries.
Aircraft Leasing—How to Comply with the Regulations and What Happens When You Don’t
Authors: Norton David T. , Reigel Gregory J.
Published: October 2023

The Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) increased emphasis on investigating improper leasing/illegal charter presents a challenge for aircraft operators. Understanding the regulatory requirements related to aircraft leasing is critical for operators to ensure their aircraft operations are compliant. Equally important is the need for aircraft operators to understand how the FAA exercises its oversight when it investigates alleged improper leasing/illegal charter operations, the consequences to which an aircraft operator may be subject in the event of non-compliance, and how an operator who is the target of such an investigation may respond to and/or work with the FAA to successfully resolve the investigation.
Autonomous Archaeological Authority: The Future of Drone Use and Privacy Laws in Cultural Heritage Preservation
Authors: Anderson Kara
Published: October 2023

Since ancient times, humanity has placed high value on natural and cultural phenomena, with Philo of Byzantium recording the first list of the “Seven Wonders of the Ancient World” as early as 225 B.C.E. Similarly, modern world leaders continue to recognize the value of these and more sites through preserving them as United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage sites. With the advancement of drone technology, researchers now employ drones to aid preservation efforts since drones can enter dangerous and humanly-inaccessible spaces, provide detailed images of sites the human eye cannot see, and assist governments in identifying illegal looting. However, while many countries have developed drone use regulations, the challenging ethical questions drones pose regarding privacy rights have resulted in a lack of drone-specific privacy regulations. As countries create new legislation to fill the policy gaps, the tension between protecting privacy rights and preserving cultural heritage results in an unclear future for the use of drones for site preservation.

Section II of this Comment analyzes the history of World Heritage sites, drone development, and their intersection to understand the vital role drones play in site preservation. Subsequently, Section III conducts a comparative analysis of drone-use and privacy regulations in four countries with the greatest amount of UNESCO sites to identify the current status of global drone laws. Finally, Section IV addresses the lack of drone-specific privacy regulation and asserts potential implications new drone legislation could have on preservation efforts while postulating methods to protect preservation drone use.
Flash upcycling of waste glass fiber-reinforced plastics to phase-controllable silicon carbide
Authors: Cheng Yi , Chen Jinhang , Deng Bing , Chen Weiyin , Silva Karla , Eddy Lucas , Wu Gang , Chen Ying , Li Bowen , Kittrell Carter , Xu Shichen , Si Tengda , Martí Angel , Yakobson Boris , Zhao Yufeng , Tour James
Published: October 2023

The increasing use of fiber-reinforced plastic has triggered an urgent demand for its recycling once it reaches its end-of-life. Currently, landfilling and incineration are major disposal methods of fiber-reinforced plastic, which lead to undesirable waste of resources and environmental contamination. To address this issue, we disclose a solvent-free and energy-efficient flash upcycling method to convert the mixture of glass fiber-reinforced plastic and carbon fiber-reinforced plastic into SiC powders within seconds and in yields of >90%. By modulating input pulse voltages and flash times, SiC with two different phases, 3C-SiC and 6H-SiC, can be selectively synthesized, each with phase purity of 90-99%. Theoretical simulations reveal that the increasing content of Si vacancy during flash process dominates the phase transformation from 3C-SiC to 6H-SiC. The SiC powders are further used as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries, which yields a phase-dependent performance. The 3C-SiC anode exhibits superior reversible capacity (741 mAh·g-1 at 0.2 C) and rate performance over the 6H-SiC anode (626 mAh·g-1 at 0.2 C), while both show excellent cycling stability (~95% capacity retention after 200 cycles). Life cycle assessment reveals the flash upcycling process greatly reduces the energy demand, greenhouse gas emission and water consumption over other recycling processes.
Protecting-Group-Free Mechanosynthesis of Amides from Hydroxycarboxylic Acids: Application to the Synthesis of Imatinib
Authors: Nikonovich Tatsiana , Jarg Tatsiana , Martõnova Jevgenija , Kudrjašov Artjom , Merzhyievskyi Danylo , Kudrjašova Marina , Gallou Fabrice , Aav Riina , Kananovich Dzmitry
Published: October 2023

Mechanochemical methods for assembling carbon-nitrogen bonds play a central role in the ongoing green chemistry-driven renovation of organic synthesis, including the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, chemoselective issues in these transformations, such as the tolerance of unmasked hydroxyl groups, have not been systematically explored. Screening of various amide coupling conditions revealed that 1 ethyl 3 (3 dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) in combination with ethyl acetate as a liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) solvent was the most selective amide coupler, delivering 76–94% yields of the respective amide products from unprotected hydroxycarboxylic acids. Boc-protected tyrosine and serine with unmasked hydroxyl functionalities were successfully involved in peptide couplings. By incorporating green chemistry principles as a driver for innovation, the established protocol was applied to the synthesis of imatinib, an anticancer drug included in the World Health Organization’s List of Essential Medicines. The target API was synthesized with an overall yield of 86% and 99% HPLC purity through a two-step mechanochemical C–N bond assembling reaction sequence starting from 4 (hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid. A comparison of green chemistry metrics between the developed mechanochemical approach and similar solution-based approaches revealed reduced waste generation, enhanced eco-friendliness, and a superior safety profile for the proposed strategy. The safety improvement was primarily attributed to the elimination of toxic solvents and a genotoxic intermediate from the production chain.
Investigating the catalytic efficiency of supported NHC-Ag(I) com-plexes in Borono-Minisci reaction
Authors: Moroni Giada , Bombonato Elena , Bonafè Samuele , Di Michele Alessandro , Presenti Sara , Guarienti Sara , Marcaccio Massimo , Sardella Roccaldo , Ronchi Paolo , Gioiello Antimo
Published: October 2023

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been utilized as ligands of metal complexes to catalyze C–C, C–H, C–O, and C–N bond formation reactions. Herein, we present the development of novel supported NHC-Ag(I) complexes as catalysts for Borono-Minisci reactions. Kinetic and cyclic voltammetric studies have evidenced how the structure of both the ligand and complex influence the Ag(I)/Ag(II) redox potential and the reaction efficiency providing a complementary tactic to homo-geneous approaches.
Optofluidic Force Induction meets Raman Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry: A new hyphenated technique for comprehensive and complementary characterisations of single particles
Authors: Neuper Christian , Šimić Marko , Lockwood Thomas , Gonzalez de Vega Raquel , Hohenester Ulrich , Fitzek Harald , Schlatt Lukas , Hill Christian , Clases David
Published: October 2023

Nanoparticles are produced at accelerating rates, are increasingly integrated in scientific and industrial applications, and are widely discharged into the environment. Analytical techniques are required to characterise parameters such as particle number concentrations, mass and size distributions, molecular and elemental compositions as well as particle stability. This is not only relevant to investigate their utility for various industrial or medical applications and for controlling the manufacturing processes, but also to assess toxicity and environmental fate. Different analytical strategies aim to characterise certain facets of particles but are difficult to combine to provide a more comprehensive picture. In this work, we suggest the on-line hyphenation of optofluidic force induction (OF2i) with Raman spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (ICP-ToF-MS) to harness their complementary technology-specific advantages and to promote comprehensive particle characterisations. We optically trapped individual particles on a weakly focussed vortex laser beam by aligning a microfluidic flow antiparallelly to the laser propagation direction. The position of particles in this optical trap depended on the hydrodynamic diameter and therefore enabled size calibration. Additionally, laser light scattered on particles was analysed in a single particle (SP) Raman spectroscopy set-up for the identification of particulate species and phases. Finally, particles were characterised regarding elemental composition and their distributions in mass and size using SP ICP-ToF-MS. In a proof of concept, we analysed polystyrene-based plastic and TiO2 particles, and demonstrated the opportunities provided through OF2i-Raman-SP ICP-ToF-MS as new hyphenated technique.
Binding Sites of Bicarbonate in PEP Carboxylase
Authors: Chéron Nicolas
Published: October 2023

PhosphoEnolPyruvate Carboxylase is used in plant metabolism for fruit maturation or seed development, as well as in the C4 and CAM mechanisms in photosynthesis where it is used for the capture of hydrated CO2 (bicarbonate). To find the yet unknown binding site of bicarbonate in this enzyme, we have first identified putative binding sites with non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, and then ranked these sites with alchemical free energy calculations with corrections of computational artefacts. 14 pockets where bicarbonate could bind were identified, with three having realistic binding free energies with differences with the experimental value below 1 kcal/mol. One of these pockets is found far from the active site at 14 Å, whereas in the two others bicarbonate is in direct interaction with the magnesium ion. The study of mutant K606N allowed to discriminate between these two pockets and to identify the binding site of bicarbonate in PhosphoEnolPyruvate Carboxylase.
Understanding the Dynamic Aggregation in Single Atom Catalysis
Authors: Liu Laihao , Chen Tiankai , Chen Zhongxin
Published: October 2023

The dynamic response of single atom catalysts to a reactive environment is an increasingly significant topic for understanding the reaction mechanism at the molecular level. In particular, single atoms may experience dynamic aggregation into clusters or nanoparticles driven by thermodynamic and kinetic factors. Herein, we will uncover the inherent mechanistic nuances that determine the dynamic profile during the reaction, including the intrinsic stability and site-migration barrier of single atoms, external stimuli (temperature, voltage, and adsorbates), and the influence of catalyst support. Such dynamic aggregation can have beneficial or deleterious effects on the catalytic performance depending on the optimal initial state. We will highlight those examples where in situ formed clusters, rather than single atoms, serve as catalytically active sites for improved catalytic performance. This is followed by the introduction of typical operando techniques to understand the structural evolution. Finally, we will briefly discuss the emerging strategies via confinement and defect-engineering to regulate dynamic aggregation.
Assessing the Stability of Isoniazid(INH) and Phenol Hydrazide Synthons in Tuberculosis Drugs: A Comparative Study via Benzaldehyde-Derived Phenolic Hydrazone Formation
Authors: Yeung Natalie
Published: October 2023

Oximes, semicarbazones, thiosemicarbazones, phenylhydrazones and other Schiff bases, which contain the azomethine group (-NH-N=CH), have recently been investigated as potential tuberculosis(TB) drugs due to their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. In this study, we map out the two-step mechanism of the reaction between acid hydrazides and aromatic aldehydes using a DFT approach by focusing on the reaction between isoniazid (pyridine-4-carbaldehyde) and different hydrogen-bonding conformations between phenol and INH with benzaldehyde, which involves a rate-determining attack of the nitrogen base on the carbonyl compound under mildly acidic conditions as Jencks et al. initially proposed. The relative thermodynamic favorability and stability of the transition states and intermediates were then interpreted by performing natural bond orbital(NBO) analysis and molecular electrostatic potential(MEP) surface analysis. Our results showed that the terminal phenol moiety contributed significantly to the resonance stabilization of the structures with a lower Gibbs free energy of -307.40326 and -307.38176 Hartrees/particle, hence as promising candidates for novel tuberculosis treatments.
Feasibility study on utilization of coconut shell aggregates in concrete
Authors: Abdul Razak B. H. , Vivek S.
Published: October 2023

Several materials are being used in concrete as a replacement to coarse aggregates. The present study focuses on experimenting with using Coconut Shell Aggregates (CSA) as replacement to coarse aggregates partially. The high strength and modulus of the coconut shell make it a suitable coarse aggregate for concrete applications. The replacement levels were set at 10%, 15%, and 20%. The experimental results revealed that CSA, when replaced with conventional coarse aggregates, gave satisfactory compressive strength up to 15% replacement, beyond which the strength dropped below the required value. In addition, the use of CSA in concrete significantly reduces the self-weight of concrete, thus contributing to the economy of construction.
Study of bidder selection criteria in various contract modes of road projects
Authors: Chhotelal Bhagirathi Yadav , Tophique Qureshi
Published: October 2023

The selection criteria for outsourcing to execute any specialized work through tenders/bids by any executing agency have been used for the development of public infrastructure projects. The procurement procedures for road development throughout India for public infrastructure and selection were performed by the Lowest-Cost Bidder (LCB). The cost factor is a popularly used bidder selection method, in which the one who quotes the least cost will obtain the project. Various studies have been conducted to determine the causes of failure, delay, substandard work, poor quality, etc., on the performance of selected lowest-bidder-executed projects. To enhance the existing bidding selection procedure and eliminate the causes of failure caused by the existing bid selection procedures, a revised and improved procurement procedure known as Quality and Cost-Based Selection (QCBS) is currently being adopted. This study analyzes the bid selection procedure under various contract modes to reduce the risk of failure and improve the work quality of the road infrastructure in India. New guidelines in public procurement process over existing rules and procedures are emphasized by the Government of India by involving stakeholders, regulating authority, financing institutions, Ministry and Departments considering work quality.
Reconexão entre teoria e prática em um curso técnico afetado pela pandemia
Authors: Hermann Negri Gabriel , Wollinger Paulo Roberto
Published: October 2023

Relata-se a experiência da oferta de duas disciplinas de um curso técnico subsequente em Eletromecânica durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O objetivo principal é trazer uma análise das estratégias de ensino adaptadas para as disciplinas de Eletrônica Básica, utilizando simuladores, de forma totalmente remota, e de Acionamentos Eletrônicos, ofertada de forma híbrida, entre aulas remotas e presenciais, observando o engajamento dos estudantes nessas disciplinas. Para tanto, buscou-se referencial teórico sobre o uso de simuladores e foram definidas metodologias para cada uma das disciplinas, considerando o contexto da pandemia. Como resultado, são apresentados um comparativo entre a oferta das duas disciplinas e as metodologias utilizadas, uma análise do engajamento dos estudantes e aprendizados para trabalhos futuros.
Quem afia a espada de Dâmocles e quem afina o amigo pandeiro? Reflexões sobre a relação do trabalhador com os seus meios de trabalho
Authors: Santos Geraldo , Viana Marcio Tulio
Published: October 2023

O texto reúne abordagens teóricas e aspectos práticos – estes, vividos por um dos autores - sobre o uso das ferramentas e as suas relações com a pessoa que trabalha. Para isso, trata do  conceito de  trabalho e de processo de trabalho  (Marx, 1978; 1985, Santos, 2010), acompanha brevemente as transformações que o modelo neoliberal tem imposto ao trabalhador (Antunes 2018, Viana, 2000), sem perder de vista a presença da subjetividade do trabalhador no processo de trabalho, como resistência e como afirmação de si. (Sennett, 2013). Relata em detalhes uma experiência de campo, passa pelo teletrabalho, fala um pouco do trabalho do juiz, abre possibilidades de ligações dessas reflexões e empirias com linguagem musical,  e termina por conectar o novo modelo com a resistência coletiva.
A educação integral e o papel do docente
Authors: Scarpato Marta
Published: October 2023

Neste número, a pesquisadora Ana Kuller, coordenadora de Educação e Inovação Educacional do Senac São Paulo, entrevistou Marta Scarpato, professora da PUCSP e da Universidade Paulista. O tema da conversa foi a educação integral, assunto amplamente estudado por Marta Scarpato.
Acidentes de trabalho no Brasil: análise temporal de 2012 a 2021
Authors: Cantave Jerry , Derrosso Giuliano , Reis Waneska
Published: October 2023

Os acidentes de trabalho constituem um verdadeiro problema de saúde pública. No Brasil, apesar das ações implementadas para melhorar as condições e a segurança no trabalho, eles ainda acontecem frequentemente em diversos ambientes de trabalho. O presente estudo tem como objetivo demonstrar a ocorrência de acidentes de trabalho no território brasileiro de 2012 a 2021, representando um arco temporal de dez anos. Para tornar possível a investigação, foi realizado um estudo observacional ecológico do tipo exploratório, usando dados agregados de trabalhadores a partir de fonte de informação secundária. A coleta de dados foi efetuada no observatório SmartLab, considerando dados da seção sobre segurança e saúde no trabalho. Entre os resultados encontrados, observou-se que, de 2012 a 2021, mais de 6 milhões de acidentes de trabalho foram notificados no Brasil, acometendo predominantemente indivíduos do sexo masculino, faixa etária entre 18 e 39 anos de idade, com vínculo trabalhista sediado no atendimento hospitalar. De forma geral, considerando os acidentes notificados registrados, percebe-se tendencia decrescente na ocorrência de acidentes, porém é essencial que as instituições, o Estado e a sociedade se mantenham comprometidos para seguir reduzindo os acidentes de trabalho e promovendo ambientes de trabalho cada vez mais seguros.
Psicologia positiva aplicada à educação: um olhar sobre o pensamento de professores das ciências da natureza acerca das virtudes humanidade e justiça
Authors: Mardegan Ribeiro João Pedro
Published: October 2023

Os professores da educação básica devem trabalhar em suas aulas com as habilidades socioemocionais e também com a psicologia positiva. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender se os professores das ciências da natureza e matemática conhecem a psicologia positiva e também se suas virtudes são trabalhadas no dia a dia escolar. Para tanto, foram feitas entrevistas com alguns docentes e também se assistiu a seis de suas aulas. Os resultados mostraram que os professores não conheciam o termo mas tinham em mente algumas considerações pertinentes e trabalhavam com suas virtudes em sala de aula.
Trabalhadores bem-educados
Authors: Novelino Barato Jarbas
Published: October 2023

Resenha dos livros Ofícios e saberes: histórias e resistências de trabalhadores, de Luciano Rodrigues Costa, Maria Rita Aprile e Rosa Elisa M. Barone, e Mestieri e professioni a Roma: una storia dell’educazione, de Rosella Frasca
Distributions of Rhizostoma pulmo (Macri, 1778) between the Kızılırmak and the Yeşilırmak coast of the Black Sea, Türkiye
Authors: Dönmez Memet Ali , Bat Levent
Published: October 2023

This study examined the seasonal distributions of the medusa Rhizostoma pulmo along the coasts of the southern Black Sea between Kızılırmak and Yeşilırmak between April 2008 and March 2010. Monthly abundance and biomass values were determined, as well as population parameters. The effect of temperature on medusa distribution was also investigated. Results showed that medusa abundance and biomass were highest in autumn, following a period of increased temperature. In contrast, medusa was not observed during the spring season. It was possible to observe the R. pulmo individuals for five months for the first term of investigation period (2008-2009), and seven months for the second term (2009-2010). The highest abundance value was found to be 10 n/m2 (November 2008 and September 2009) and the highest biomass value was 12.587,5 g/100 m3 (October 2009).
Plant balls from a Pomeranian lake, their invertebrate and microplastic components
Authors: Witalis Bartosz , Kornijów Ryszard
Published: October 2023

Two balls with similar diameters (approximately 11– 12 cm) were found on the bottom of Lake Białe (Kashubian Lake District) at depths of 4 m and 7 m. The structures were made of tightly-packed plant remains represented mainly by decaying leaves of Larix sp. The balls were colonised by invertebrates (Tubificinae, Hirudinea, Isopoda, and insect larvae). They also contained pollutants, namely microplastics in blue, white, red, and black colours with a length from 500 to 1000 µm. Four other balls had been earlier reported by another diver in the same lake. According to a report of the local press, similar balls have also been found in Lake Bobęcińskie (Bytowskie Lake District). This article aims to record the first appearance of larch balls in this area.
Single and combined effects of dimethoate and malathion on oxidative stress biomarkers in the non-target freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha
Authors: Serdar Osman , Yildirim Numan , Yildirim Nuran Cikcikoglu
Published: October 2023

This study evaluates the single and combined effects of dimethoate (DI) and malathion (MA) on oxidative stress biomarkers in the freshwater mussel Dreissena polymorpha, estimating the potential harm of these pesticides on aquatic ecosystems. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels were determined in D. polymorpha exposed to sublethal concentrations of DI, MA and a combination of the two during 24 and 96 h periods. The results showed that the GSH levels were decreased but the TBARS levels were increased in all the exposure groups after 24 and 96 h compared to the control. It was observed that SOD activity decreased but CAT activity increased in all the DI exposure groups after 24 h compared to the control. At the end of 96 hours, it was observed that CAT and SOD activities increased again in some exposure groups compared to the control. Exposure time also had an effect on biomarkers in different levels. According to the results, the cytotoxicity of DI and MA combination depended on their concentrations. DI or/ and MA, in sub-lethal concentrations, induced oxidative damages in D. polymorpha. Combined exposure of the pesticides can alter their toxicity and may be evidence of increased toxicity and oxidative stress.
Türkiye’deki yaralanmalı iş kazalarının sektörel dağılımı ve analizi
Authors: DÜNDAR Sertaç , BİLİM Atiye , BİLİM Niyazi
Published: October 2023

İş kazaları, çalışanların güvenliğini tehdit eden ciddi bir sorundur. İş kazalarına ilişkin farkındalığın arttırılması ve çalışanların güvenliğinin iyileştirilmesi önemli bir konudur. İş kazaları, maddi kayıpların yanında çalışanların yaşam kalitesi ve psikolojik durumları üzerinde de ciddi etkilere sahiptir. Bu nedenle, iş kazalarının nedenleri ve çözüm önerileri sektörel olarak analiz edilerek çözüm önerileri geliştirilmelidir. Bu çalışmada, kişi başına düşen iş kazası oranı (kaza olabilirlik oranı) ve iş günü kaybı faktörleri birlikte değerlendirilerek en riskli sektörler belirlenmiştir. Kaza olabilirlik oranı, iş kazalarının sektörlerdeki gerçekleşme sıklığı hakkında bilgi verirken, iş günü kaybı da sektörlerdeki kazaların şiddeti hakkında bilgi sunmaktadır. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda, kömür ve linyit madenciliği sektörünün en riskli sektör olduğu ve en yüksek oranda iş kaybına ve yaralanmalara neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. İş kazalarının sektörel farklılıkları daha fazla incelenmesi gereken bir konudur ve sektörlere özel önlemler alınması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle, iş kazalarının önlenmesine yönelik çözümler sadece genel bir yaklaşımlarla değil, sektörlere özel ele alınması gerekmektedir.
Physical Activity Levels in Various University Majors Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparative Study
Authors: Molina-Márquez Ivan , Rodríguez-Morales Andrés
Published: October 2023

This study determined levels of physical activity in students by comparing them based on gender, faculty, and major among university students during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research followed a quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative design. The study was conducted once per student, with the participation of 582 students of both genders. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was administered to the students using Google Forms, distributed through their institutional emails. The collected data were analyzed using the statistical software SPSS V.22.0. The independent samples t-test was employed to compare the energy expenditure between males and females, along with Cohen's d statistic to assess the effect size. Prior to these analyses, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test and Levene's test were conducted. Results were considered significant when the p-value was <0.05. The findings indicate that males allocate more time to work than females. Additionally, it was observed that males exhibit a higher level of physical activity than females within the engineering field. Lastly, majors with the highest levels of physical activity per week were Physical Education and Nutrition. These outcomes shed light on the reality of physical activity levels among Chilean university students based on faculty and major. University authorities should consider promoting physical activity programs, particularly emphasizing women and majors such as engineering, architecture, and mathematics, which have shown lower levels of physical activity.