bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Penggunaan SPSS Bagi Guru Untuk Penelitian Kuantitatif Di Sekolah Dasar Pahlawan
Authors: Nurhaswinda Nurhaswinda
Published: June 2022

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru tentang penggunaan aplikasi SPSS dalam penelitian kuantitatif baik korelasi maupun eksperimen bagi guru di Sekolah Dasar. Metode pelaksanaan pelatihan terdiri dari tiga bagian, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi pelatihan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis data angket yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan. Dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemahaman guru-guru Sekolah Dasar Pahlawan dalam menggunakan program SPSS untuk penelitian kuantitatif menjadi meningkat dan respon guru-guru Sekolah Dasar Pahlawan dalam pelatihan menggunakan program SPSS untuk penelitian kuantitatif menunjukkan respon yang positif, baik korelasi maupun eksperimen. Serta dapat meningkatnya pengetahuan, pemahaman, keterampilan guru tentang cara mengoperasikan program SPSS penelitian kuantitatif, menginput dan memproses data serta membaca output atau menginterpretasikan hasil pengolahan data tersebut.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran dengan Memanfaatkan Microsoft Powerpoint Berbantuan Quizizz Kepada Guru MGMP Matematika SMP Pekanbaru
Authors: Amelia Sindi , Qudsi Rahma , Herlina Sari
Published: June 2022

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan untuk memberikan pelatihan pemanfaatan Microsoft PowerPoint berbantuan Quizizz sebagai media pembelajaran kepada guru-guru MGMP matematika tingkat SMP di Kota Pekanbaru. Dalam pelaksanaan pelatihan kegiatan pengabdian, guru-guru diberikan materi dan langsung mempraktekkan pembuatan media pembelajaran dengan memanfaatkan Microsoft PowerPoint berbantuan Quizizz. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di SMP N 42 Pekanbaru dengan jumlah peserta adalah 15 orang guru matematika se-kota Pekanbaru. Metode pelaksanaan dilaksanakan secara luring (tatap muka) yang dibagi ke dalam dua tahapan, yakni pemaparan materi dan pendampingan peserta. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah guru-guru memahami dan mampu membuat media Microsoft PowerPoint berbantuan Quizizz sehingga dapat mengimplementasikannya dalam pembelajaran baik secara daring maupun luring.
Pelatihan Membaca Bahasa Inggris Dengan Metode Storytelling Bagi Siswa Kelas 4 SD Muhammadiyah 1 Medan
Authors: Asrul Nurmahyuni , Rahmawati Rahmawati
Published: June 2022

Tujuan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas 4 SD Muhammadiyah 1 Medan dalam melafalkan / mengucapkan kosakata Bahasa Inggris dengan tepat. Para siswa diberikan pelatihan agar dapat mengucapkan kosa kata dalam Bahasa Inggris dengan baik dan benar melalui metode Story Telling yang di ajarkan dengan tepat. PKM ini juga bertujuan untuk membangun kepercayaan diri siswa dalam membaca teks berbahasa Inggris serta menambah ilmu pengetahuan dalam ejaaan bahasa inggris yang baik dan benar. Dalam Pengabdian Masyarakat ini memiliki 5 tahapan untuk metode yang telah dilalui yang terdiri dari observasi, perencanaan, pelaksanaan, penerapan, dan evaluasi. Hasil dari PKM ini menunjukan bahwa program Pelatihan Membaca Bahasa Inggris melalui Metode Storytelling di SD Muhammadiyah 1 Medan merupakan program yang sangat bagus dan menarik karena dapat membantu siswa dalam memahami cara pelafalan Bahasa Inggris dengan baik khususnya dalam Story Telling. Siswa-siswa juga merasakan proses pembelajaran bahasa Inggris menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan menambah kosa kata baru melalui materi yang diberikan di depan kelas. Hal ini di harapkan nantinya dapat bernilai positif dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar, khususnya dalam proses pelajaran Bahasa Inggris
Monochorionic-Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy Complicated by Spontaneous Septostomy and Cord Entanglement: A Systematic Review, Evaluation of Complication Rates and Presentation of an Additional Case
Authors: Boccherini Chiara , D’Ambrosio Valentina , Marcoccia Eleonora , Vena Flaminia , Di Mascio Daniele , Corno Sara , Bartolone Martina , Giancotti Antonella
Published: June 2022

Background: Our purpose is to describe the ultrasound findings, both with bi-dimensional and three-dimensional imaging, suggestive of spontaneous septostomy in monochorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancies. Methods: PubMed, Medline and reference lists were searched using “Spontaneous septostomy and twin pregnancy” as keywords. Seventeen articles reporting a total of 25 cases, adding our own, were included in the systematic review. Only English full text articles, the main purpose of which was to describe spontaneous septostomy in twin pregnancies, were included. Results: In our sample the major ultrasound sign arousing suspicion of spontaneous septostomy was found to be an absent or disrupted inter-twin membrane (79% of cases). Twins close to each-other were described in 33% of cases, while cord entanglement was suspected only in 27% of cases. We reported a lower antenatal detection of entanglement when compared with intrapartum evaluation (27% vs 59%). Adverse fetal outcomes occurred in 12% of cases, while 88% of cases were born alive. Conclusions: Spontaneous septostomy represents a diagnostic and clinical challenge for obstetrics providers. Clinicians must focus on ultrasound findings to close surveil fetal wellness and reduce both fetal and neonatal impairment.
In vitro evaluation of Kedo-S and RaCe rotary files compared to hand files in preparing the root canals of primary molar teeth
Authors: Tofangchiha Maryam , Ebrahimi Anita , Adel Mamak , Kermani Fatemeh , Mohammadi Navid , Reda Rodolfo , Testarelli Luca
Published: June 2022

Background and aims: Considering the advantages of rotary files in instrumenting the root canals of permanent teeth and a lack of adequate data on the use of these systems in primary teeth, the present study aimed to evaluate two rotary files and compare them with hand files in the cleaning efficacy of the root canals of primary molar teeth. Materials and methods: In the present study, three groups of teeth were prepared with Kedo-S paediatric rotary file system, RaCe (reamer with alternating cutting edges), and hand files (n = 40). The groups were evaluated under a stereomicroscope concerning the cleaning efficacy of the files after cleaning the teeth in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds. The data were analyzed with SPSS 24 (IBM Corporation, USA, 2016) using Fisher’s exact test and chi-squared test; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: There were no significant differences in the apical and middle thirds between the different study groups. However, there were significant differences in the coronal third between the hand file and Kedo-S (p = 0.016) and RaCe and Kedo-S (p = 0.001) groups. Conclusions: The present study showed that Kedo-S files were more effective than RaCe and hand files in the coronal area than the hand and RaCe files.
Specificity of Rhodococcus opacus 1CP cells’ responses to benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate
Authors: Emelyanova Elena V. , Solyanikova Inna P.
Published: June 2022

Background: Halogenated aromatic compounds are more resistant to microbial degradation than non-halogenated aromatic compounds. Microbial degradation of sodium benzoate in the presence of sodium 3-chlorobenzoate is of interest. The ability to degrade aromatic compounds is largely determined by the substrate specificity of the first enzyme that initiates degradation, namely, benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase for benzoate degradation, and 3-chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase for 3-chlorobenzoate degradation. In this study, the perspective of immobilized cells of Rhodococcus opacus 1CP actinobacterium for degradation of benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate was explored. Methods: The biosensor approach (a membrane microbial sensor based on immobilized cells of Rhodococcus opacus 1CP and the Clark-type oxygen electrode as a transducer) was applied to evaluate the actinobacterial cells’ responses to benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate in the absence of both enzymes, benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase and 3-chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase, or in the presence of one of the said enzymes. Results: Data obtained show that 1CP actinobacterium possessed a constitutive system for the transport of benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate into culture cells. The affinity of the transport system for benzoate was higher than that for 3-chlorobenzoate. Moreover, adaptation to one substrate did not preclude the use of the second substrate. Probably, porins facilitated the penetration of benzoate and 3-chlorobenzoate into 1CP cells. Analyzing V vs. S dependencies, negative cooperativity was found, when benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase bound substrate (3-chlorobenzoate), while positive cooperativity was determined at benzoate binding. The observed difference could be associated with the presence of at least two systems of 3-chlorobenzoate transport into actinobacterial cells and allosteric interaction of active sites of benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase in the presence of 3-chlorobenzoate. Conclusions: The membrane microbial sensor based on immobilized Rhodococcus opacus 1CP cells could be useful as a perspective tool for comparative evaluation of enzymes of complex structure such as benzoate- and 3-chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase.
miR-4463 Regulates Hypoxia-Induced Autophagy and Apoptosis by Targeting ULK1 in Endothelial Cells
Authors: He Xuemei , Wu Fei , Zhou Yang , Wu Jian , Long Yang , Zhou Xiangyu
Published: June 2022

Background: Our previous study revealed aberrant miR-4463 expression in the vascular tissues of patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities (ASO), but the role of miR-4463 was largely ambiguous. In the current study, we aimed to explore the function of miR-4463 in hypoxia-induced endothelial cells and determine its molecular mechanisms. Methods: CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis. Adenovirus carrying mRFP-GFP-LC3 was employed to monitor cellular autophagy, and mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by JC-1 staining. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, qPCR, western blot and siRNA analysis were carried out to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Results: Hypoxia significantly elevated the miR-4463 expression in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Overexpression of miR-4463 inhibited hypoxia-induced autophagy by suppressing the formation of autophagosomes and autolysosomes, resulting in reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis, and these effects were reversed by miR-4463 inhibitor. Furthermore, activation of autophagy induced by miR-4463 inhibitor attenuated HUVECs apoptosis in hypoxic conditions. Mechanically, the results of the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay discovered that miR-4463 directly targeted Unc-51 like kinase 1 (ULK1). The silence of ULK1 blocked miR-4463 inhibitor-activated autophagy and further facilitated apoptosis under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that miR-4463 is an essential regulator of hypoxia-induced autophagy and apoptosis in endothelial cells via directly targeting ULK1. Inhibition of miR-4463 might be a potential strategy to protect endothelial cells and maintain vascular function in patients with lower limb ischemia and its complications.
Various manifestation of Chiari I malformation in children and improvement after surgery
Authors: Ravnik Janez , Šmigoc Tomaž , Hribernik Borut
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Chiari I malformation is defined as caudal displacement of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum. The most commonly associated finding is cervical syringomyelia. The most common presenting symptom is occipital and upper cervical pain. The incidence of syringomyelia is between 30% and 70%. Surgery is recommended for symptomatic patients. The main purpose of the study is to present the data of children with Chiari type I malformation that were treated surgically in low-volume center and to describe some atypical presentations in children. Materials and methods: At University Medical Centre Maribor, Slovenia, we performed a retrospective study of children with Chiari type I malformation that were treated surgically in the period from 2012 until 2021. The indication for surgery was symptomatic Chiari type I malformation. Suboccipital decompression with laminectomy of at least C1 (in one case also C2) with splitting of dura or duraplasty was performed. In a few cases coagulation of both tonsillar tips was necessary to achieve sufficient decompression and restoration of adequate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Results: Ten children (under 18 years of age) underwent surgery for Chiari I malformation. Four patients had atypical presentation. In nine patients there was improvement after surgery. Complication rate was zero with no revision surgery. In one case suboccipital headache persisted. In all cases with preoperative syringomyelia it improved after surgery. Scoliosis improved in two out of three cases. There was no mortality after the procedure. Discussion: When patients with Chiari I malformation become symptomatic, it is recommended to perform surgery as soon as possible. Comparing the techniques; dura-splitting technique has advantages of lesser operation duration, lesser intraoperative bleeding and lower complication rates than duraplasty. Conclusions: The majority of patients with Chiari I malformation improve after surgery. Surgical procedure is safe with very low morbidity and mortality. Surgical technique must be an individualized patient tailored choice.
How and When to Use Lung Ultrasound in Patients with Heart Failure?
Authors: Coiro Stefano , Rastogi Tripti , Girerd Nicolas
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary congestion is a critical finding in patients with heart failure (HF) that can be quantified by lung ultrasound (LUS) through B-line quantification, the latter of which can be easily measured by all commercially-available probes/ultrasound equipment. As such, LUS represents a useful tool for the assessment of patients with both acute and chronic HF. Several imaging protocols have been described in the literature according to different clinical settings. While most studies have been performed with either the 8 or 28 chest zone protocol, the 28-zone protocol is more time-consuming while the 8-zone protocol offers the best trade-off with no sizeable loss of information. In the acute setting, LUS has excellent value in diagnosing acute HF, which is superior to physical examination and chest X-ray, particularly in instances of diagnostic uncertainty. In addition to its diagnostic value, accumulating evidence over the last decade (mainly derived from ambulatory settings or at discharge from an acute HF hospitalisation) suggests that LUS can also represent a useful prognostic tool for predicting adverse outcome in both HF with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). It also allows real-time monitoring of pulmonary decongestion during treatment of acute HF. Additionally, LUS-guided therapy, when compared with usual care, has been shown to reduce the risk of HF hospitalisations at short- and mid-term follow-up. In addition, studies have shown good correlation between B-lines during exercise stress echocardiography and invasive, bio-humoral and echocardiographic indices of haemodynamic congestion; B-lines during exercise are also associated with worse prognosis in both HFrEF and HFpEF. Altogether, LUS represents a reliable and useful tool in the assessment of pulmonary congestion and risk stratification of HF patients throughout their entire journey (i.e., emergency department/acute settings, in-hospital management, discharge from acute HF hospitalisation, monitoring in the outpatient setting), with considerable diagnostic and prognostic implications.
Microbubble Enhanced Echocardiography in Current Cardiology Practice
Authors: Strachinaru Mihai , ten Cate Folkert J
Published: June 2022

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging is a radiation-free clinical diagnostic tool that uses biocompatible contrast agents to enhance ultrasound signal, in order to improve image clarity and diagnostic performance. Ultrasound enhancing agents (UEA), which are usually gas microbubbles, are administered intravenously either by bolus injection or continuous infusion. UEA increase the accuracy and reliability of echocardiography, leading to changes in treatment, improving patient outcomes and lowering overall health care costs. In this review we describe: (1) the current clinical applications of ultrasound enhancing agents in echocardiography, with a brief review of the evidence underlying each of these applications; (2) emerging diagnostic and therapeutic applications of microbubble enhanced echocardiography (MEE), which rely either on the specific properties and composition of ultrasound enhancing agents or on the technical advances of clinical ultrasound systems; and (3) safety of MEE.
Muhammad Aulia Rahman_2110128310009_A-2 Tugas UAS Antropologi
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Aulia
Published: June 2022

Sekolah sebagai lembaga pendidikan mempunyai peranan sebagai tempat berinteraksi suatu masyarakat untuk mendapatkan pendidikan. Sudah semestinya setiap orang ingin memperoleh pendidikan setinggi-tingginya, namun ada sebagian masyarakat yang masih tidak mampu mendapatkan pendidikan yang layak, baik itu dari pendidikan dasar maupun pendidikan lanjutan. Seperti nasib pendidikan Sekolah Kelas Khusus Pasar Lima Kota Banjarmasin yang menangani berbagai anak jalanan. Penanaman karakter bisa dilakukan pada siapa saja tidak terkecuali bagi anak jalanan. Ada sisi buruknya dan ada sisi baiknya diantara sisi buruknya tidak diberikannya fasilitas pendidikan yang lebih layak atau tempat yang lebih mendukung, di sisi lain ada sisi baiknya yaitu anak anak jalanan memiliki niat untuk belajar dan mendapatkan pendidikan karakter. Sebagai salah satu usaha untuk mengembalikan anak jalanan agar tidak banyak membuang waktu ke jalanan adalah dengan adanya sebuah lembaga pendidikan yaitu Sekolah Kelas Khusus Pasar Lima Kota Banjarmasin yang membantu mereka mengurangi aktivitas di jalanan.
ilmu antropologi
Authors: Pitriyani
Published: June 2022

Secara etimologi (bahasa) antropologi berasal dari kata anthropos yang bermakna manusia dan logos yang bermakna ilmu pengetahuan atau wacana. Sederhananya, antropologi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari segala macam seluk beluk, unsur-unsur, kebudayaan yang dihasilkan dalam kehidupan manusia
A single nucleotide variant on chromosome 17 residing within CSF3 distinguishes patients with HER2+ breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2022

Molecular subtypes, including the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched subtype (HER2+), drive patient outcomes in human breast cancer but the biological basis underlying subtype-specific disease is not completely understood (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to discover in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing genetic and transcriptional features of tumors of each breast cancer molecular subtype. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs1042658, residing within CSF3, as among the most significant genetic differences in the tumors of patients with HER2+ breast cancer. In a separate cohort of patients with HER2+ subtype breast cancer, we observed a lack of differential expression of CSF. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that CSF3 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in patients with basal-like breast cancer. Sequence variation in the CSF3 gene may be important in understanding differences in genetic background that favor development of HER2+ subtype human breast cancer.
PPT Perkembangan wakaf di Bangladesh dan Malaysia
Authors: Julianggara Muh Dwi
Published: June 2022

Perwakafan di Bangladesh: Bangladesh berhasil mengembangkan wakaf tunai dimana wakaf tunai ini berperan sebagai suplemen bagi pendanaan berbagai proyek investasi sosial yang dikelola oleh bank Islam. Wakaf Uang di Bangladesh di populerkan melalui pembentukan Social Investment Bank Limited (SIBL) dan dikemas melalui Sertifikat Wakaf Tunai (Cash Waqf Certificate) yang dipergunakan sebagai suatu instrumen keuangan pada perbankan yang mengelola dana-dana sumbanga
UAS Ilmu Antropologi
Authors: Amelia Sri
Published: June 2022

Nama: Sri AmeliaNim: 2110128220023Kelas: A2Prodi: Pendidikan IPSUAS ANTROPOLOGI
Resume Kebijakan Fiskal Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Irhamni
Published: June 2022

Untuk mewujudkan sistem ekonomi islam harus dijadikan sebagai sistem ekonomi bangsa. Gerakan sistem ekonomi islam harus dimulai dari gerakan spiritual dan kulturan, yaitu dengan menanamkan nilai eris secara luas dalam perilaku ekonomi. Beliau memulai melalui transformasi nilai-nilai islam yang membentuk kerangka serta perangkat kelembagaan dan pranata ekonomi yang hidup dan berproses dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
Impact of Earnings Per Share on Stock Prices and Price to Earnings Ratio
Authors: Ali Khurshid , Chisti Khalid Ashraf , Malik Irshad Ahmad
Published: June 2022

In this paper, the researchers have made an attempt to examine the impact of Earnings Per Share on the stock prices and Price to Earnings Ratio. In the study, the researchers have taken into consideration sixteen companies which represent four different industries such as Banking, Pharmaceutical, Information Technology and Cement and Cement Products industry. A reference period of eight years has been taken from 2011-2012 to 2018-2019. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, regression analysis and correlation have been employed and the findings put forth by the study affirmed that on the one hand there exists a positive relationship between Earnings per share and market price of shares and on the other hand earnings per share does not statistically, in a significant way, influence price-to-earnings ratio as the relationship between the two variables is statistically quite low. Thus, on the basis of these findings, it can be concluded that earnings per share influences one variable namely market price of stocks but does fail to influence significantly price-to-earnings ratio.
Lên 2, vẫn đang chờ lớn
Authors: Hoàng Vương Quân
Published: June 2022

Vậy là bài “retractions” trên Nature đã lên 2, và vẫn đang chờ lớn. Đến năm sau, dữ liệu lưu lại ở đây giúp nhận biết độ lớn khi thời gian trôi qua. (Chính nhờ có bản lưu nhân dịp “sinh nhật” năm ngoái, mà tôi tìm lại được dữ liệu là vào ngày 17-6-2021, bài có lượng trích dẫn WOS là 20 [3]).
Foraminifera as a tool for the reconstruction of paleobathymetry and geohazard: A case study from Taiwan
Authors: Tapia Raúl , Le Sicheng , Ho Sze Ling , Bassetti Maria Angela , Lin In-Tian , Lin Hui-Ling , Chang Yuan-Pin , Jiann Kuo-Tung , Wang Pei-Ling , Lin Jheng-Kuan , Babonneau Nathalie , Ratzov Gueorgui , Hsu Shu-Kun , Su Chih-Chieh
Published: June 2022

The calcite tests of foraminifera are an important biogenic component of marine sediments. The abundance of foraminiferal tests in marine sediments broadly varies with bathymetry, thus has been used to reconstruct paleobathymetry. It is also promising as a tracer for downslope transport triggered by earthquakes and typhoons, especially if the displaced material from shallow locality contrasts strongly with the background autochthonous sediments in terms of foraminiferal abundance, such as the ratio of benthic and planktic foraminifera termed %P. However, its applicability in sediments off Taiwan has not been assessed. Taiwan is located in the path of typhoons and at tectonic plate margins, where typhoons and earthquakes may trigger submarine geohazards. This, combined with the fact that its seafloor spans a large bathymetric range, render this region an ideal natural laboratory to evaluate the applicability of %P as a proxy for tracing submarine geohazards and bathymetry. Here we report foraminiferal abundance, %P, grain size and elemental data from 148 surface sediment samples off 6 sectors off Taiwan, namely Southern Okinawa Trough, Hoping-Nanao-Hateruma Basins, Taitung-Hualien, Hengchun Ridge, Gaoping, and Changyun Sand Ridge. Of all the hydrographic and sedimentological parameters assessed, seafloor bathymetry is the major driver of foraminiferal abundance and %P in these regions. Notably, several data points deviate from the regional %P-water depth relationship. Based on sedimentological parameters and previous studies, we posit that these outliers may have to do with local sedimentation setting. These processes include earthquake-induced sediment transport via submarine canyon in the Southern Okinawa Trough, typhoon-triggered sediment flushing in Gaoping Canyon, cross-shelf and northward advection of planktic foraminifera on the Gaoping shelf, and carbonate dissolution in deep Hateruma Basin. Off Taiwan, the %P value in sediments increases exponentially with bathymetry (R2 = 0.72), and agrees well with the global calibration obtained by combining 827 data from several regions of the global ocean. The regional %P-water depth relationship may be useful for reconstructing paleobathymetry here, albeit with an uncertainty of ~400 m that increases with bathymetry especially >2000 m. Our results also highlight the potential of the %P index as a tracer for downslope transport and lateral advection in the water column. The downcore application of %P therefore has the potential to reconstruct past geohazard events while also identify autochthonous sediment sequences that are suitable for paleoceanographic reconstruction.
The Acute Effects of Psychoactive Drugs on Emotional Episodic Memory Encoding, Consolidation, and Retrieval
Authors: Doss Manoj , de Wit Harriet , Gallo David A.
Published: June 2022

Psychoactive drugs modulate learning and emotional processes in ways that could impact their recreational and medical use. Recent work has revealed how drugs impact different stages of processing emotional episodic memories, including encoding (formation of memory traces), consolidation (stabilization of memory traces), and retrieval (accessing memory traces). Drugs administered before encoding more selectively modulate emotional (negative and/or positive) vs. neutral memories with preferential impairments (e.g., GABAA sedatives like alcohol and benzodiazepines, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC, ketamine), enhancements (e.g., dopaminergic/noradrenergic stimulants), or both preferential impairments and enhancements (i.e., ±3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine or MDMA) of emotional memories. GABAA sedatives administered immediately post-encoding (during consolidation) preferentially enhance emotional memories, and the specificity of this effect declines as the delay between encoding and retrieval increases. Finally, retrieving memories under the effects of THC, dextroamphetamine, and MDMA increases false memories, with some evidence for preferential distortions of emotional (especially positive) memories. We propose neural mechanisms underlying these effects, methodological considerations for future work, and how drug effects on emotional episodic memory may contribute to drug use and abuse.
The Central Extended Amygdala Guides Survival-Relevant Tradeoffs for Action Selection
Authors: Holley Daniel , Fox Andrew S.
Published: June 2022

To thrive in challenging environments, individuals must pursue rewards while avoiding threats. Aberrant threat response is characteristic of anxiety disorders. Extensive studies in animals and humans have identified the central extended amygdala (EAc)—which includes the central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST)—as a conserved substrate for defensive behavior. These studies suggest the EAc influences defensive responding and assembles fearful and anxious states. One impact of these investigations has been the proliferation of a view that the EAc is fundamentally a defensive substrate. Recently, however, rodent studies have implicated the EAc in numerous appetitive and consummatory processes, yielding fresh insights into the microcircuitry of emotion-relevant response selection across various contexts. Coupled with the EAc’s centrality in a conserved network of brain regions that encode multisensory environmental and interoceptive information, these findings allude to a broader role for the EAc as an arbiter of survival-relevant tradeoffs for action selection. Understanding how the EAc optimizes these tradeoffs holds great promise in elucidating anxiety-related psychopathology.
The Stakes of Elite Flexibility: The Conditional Benefits of Highbrow and Omnivorous Cultural Tastes
Authors: Stimpson Matthew , Nakagawa Sandra
Published: June 2022

How do elite cultural tastes—which both skew towards consecrated, “highbrow” culture and are particularly wide-ranging—produce advantage during social interactions? Prior research argues that cultural omnivorousness helps high-status individuals avoid accusations of elitism or inauthenticity. Another line of research highlights how shared cultural tastes can spark social connection. We bring these two literatures together to show that wide-ranging tastes help highbrows be more desirable to potential collaborators through cultural matching. Aggregating data on 466 participants across six experiments, we find that highbrows are considered higher status but not more desirable as work partners. Highbrows benefit from broad cultural tastes to the extent they emphasize tastes shared with potential partners: participants rated highbrow partners as both higher status and more desirable if they shared similar cultural tastes. This suggests elites are motivated to be flexible in their self-presentation to reap benefits their cultural tastes offer during social interactions.
Repeat Spreaders and Election Delegitimization: A Comprehensive Dataset of Misinformation Tweets from the 2020 U.S. Election
Authors: Kennedy Ian , Wack Morgan , Beers Andrew , Schafer Joseph S , Garcia-Camargo Isabella , Spiro Emma , Starbird Kate
Published: June 2022

This paper introduces and presents a first analysis of a uniquely curated dataset of misinformation, disinformation, and rumors spreading on Twitter about the 2020 U.S. Election. Previous research on misinformation — an umbrella term for false and misleading content — has largely focused either on broad categories, using a finite set of keywords to cover a complex topic, or on a few, focused case studies, with increased precision but limited scope. Our approach, by comparison, leverages real-time reports collected from September through November 2020 to develop a comprehensive dataset of tweets connected to 456 distinct misinformation stories from the 2020 US Presidential election (our ElectionMisinfo2020 dataset), 307 of which sowed doubt in the legitimacy of the election. By relying on real-time incidents and streaming data, we generate a curated dataset that not only provides more granularity than a large collection based on a finite number of search terms, but also an improved opportunity for generalization compared to a small set of case studies. Though the emphasis is on misleading content, not all of the tweets linked to a misinformation story are false: some are questions, opinions, corrections, or factual content that nonetheless contributes to misperceptions. Along with a detailed description of the data, this paper provides an analysis of a critical subset of election-delegitimizing misinformation in terms of size, content, temporal diffusion, and partisanship. We label key ideological clusters of accounts within interaction networks, describe common misinformation narratives, and identify those accounts which repeatedly spread misinformation. We document the asymmetry of misinformation spread: accounts associated with support for President Biden shared stories in ElectionMisinfo2020 far less than accounts supporting his opponent. That asymmetry remained among the accounts who were repeatedly influential in the spread of misleading content that sowed doubt in the election: all but two of the top 100 ‘repeat spreader’ accounts were supporters of then-President Trump. These findings support the implementation and enforcement of ‘strike rules’ on social media platforms, directly addressing the outsized role of repeat spreaders.
Talking About Research Culture: A report on discussions about research culture in Wellcome Trust PhD programmes
Authors: Carusi Annamaria , Martin Rebecca , Nasir Nazia , Community of Practice Wellcome Trust PhD Programmes
Published: June 2022

Over the Autumn of 2021, the Emerging Research Cultures project team held a series of group discussions on the topic of research culture with PhD programmes funded by the Wellcome Trust’s 2019 funding call. We invited all 23 Wellcome programmes to participate in these discussions and were able to schedule discussions with 18 groups. This report is an overview of the main topics and themes of these discussions. It consists of brief paragraphs summarising the themes, with a selection of quotations on each topic linked to the main text. The report concludes with some recommendations for further action in line with the four key areas identified for improvement by discussion participants.
“You’re never going to be anything but a drug addict…”: Identifying non-stigmatising language in the context of substance use
Authors: Mackey Sara A , Hunter Simon C.
Published: June 2022

AimsThere is no agreed-upon terminology which researchers, practitioners and others can use to appropriately describe people with addictions in ways that are not stigmatising. This study therefore aimed to identify the terminology that should be used to refer to people with addictions according to members of that population and accounting for the effects of stigma and the personal experiences and beliefs of participants.MethodThis study employed a qualitative design using a thematic analysis to analyse the data. The participants were seven US adults (five females and two males) that identified as ‘in recovery’ from addiction to drugs and/or alcohol. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. ResultsStigma against people with addictions is prevalent and affects them in many ways. Most participants believed that person-first terms were currently the best non-stigmatising way to refer to people with addictions. However, most participants also reported that an ideal term to refer to this population does not yet exist. ConclusionsPerson-first terminology appears to be the best current option to describe people with addictions.
UAS Ilmu Antropologi dan Pendidikan IPS_Akhmad Hapis Ansari
Authors: Ansari Akhmad Hapis
Published: June 2022

1. Sebutkan empat fase perkembangan antropologi serta berikan contohnya.2. Antropologi biologi terbagi dua sebutkan beserta contohnya.3. Sebutkan pengertian etnologi pembagiannya berserta contohnya.4. Sebutkan beberapa hubungan-hubungan antropologi dengan ilmu sosial lainnya beserta contohnyasertakan referensi.5. Silakan baca 2 referensi yang sudah tertera, kemudian berikan kesimpulan (anotasi) terhadap referensitersebut.
A systematic review on the stigmatising attitudes of healthcare professionals towards people with addictions to substances
Authors: Mackey Sara A , Hunter Simon C.
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHealthcare professionals’ (HPs) stigma toward people with addictions (PWAs) acts as a barrier to wellness and quality of care for this population (Luoma et al., 2014). The current review will analyse studies assessing HPs’ stigmatised attitudes towards PWAs to drugs and/or alcohol. It will also explore factors that cause or influence HPs’ attitudes towards PWAs.MethodThree databases: PsychInfo, Medline, and ProQuest Health and Medical Collection were systematically searched for articles on HPs’ stigma toward PWAs. Three studies were identified that assessed HPs’ attitudes toward this population and identified factors that contributed to this stigma. ResultsHPs’ stigma towards PWAs was well-established as a problem in the studies assessed in this review (Guerrero et al., 2020; Horner et al., 2019; Kennedy-Hendricks et al., 2016). Identified reasons for this included burnout, having their safety threatened by PWAs, the organisational culture, and lack of education and training in addiction and pain management (Guerrero et al., 2020; Horner et al., 2019; Kennedy-Hendricks et al., 2016). An increase in education and training, particularly focused on humanising PWAs, was suggested as a way to change stigma toward this population and improve their quality of care (Guerrero et al., 2020; Horner et al., 2019). ConclusionStigma towards PWAs is a prevalent issue in healthcare and presents a barrier in treatment of that population (Guerrero et al., 2020; Horner et al., 2019; Kennedy-Hendricks et al., 2016). Changes in the culture of healthcare organisations and the education and training of HPs may help to change this phenomenon (Guerrero et al., 2020; Horner et al., 2019; Kennedy-Hendricks et al., 2016).
UAS Ilmu Antropologi dan Pendidikan IPS Putri Imaniyati_2110128320005_A-2
Authors: Imaniyati Putri
Published: June 2022

Fase Pertama (Sebelum 1800). Suku-suku bangsa pendu duk pribumi Afrika, Asia dan Amerika mulai didatangi oleh orang Eropa Barat sejak akhir abad ke-15 dan permulaan abad ke-16, dan lambat laun dalam suatu proses yang berlangsung kira-kira 4 abad lamanya, berbagai daerah di muka bumi mu lai terkena pengaruh negara-negara Eropa Barat. Fase Kedua (Kira-Kira Pertengahan Abad ke-19). Integrasi yang sungguh-sungguh baru timbul pada pertengahan abad ke 19, waktu timbul karangan-karangan yang menyusun bahan etnografi tersebut berdasarkan cara berpikir evolusi masyarakat. Dalam fase ketiga ini ilmu antropologi menjadi suatu ilmu yang praktis, dan tujuannya dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut : mempelajari masyarakat dan kebudayaan suku-suku bangsa di luar Eropa guna kepentingan pemerintah kolonial dan guna mendapat suatu pengertian tentang masyarakat masa kini yang kompleks. Fase Keempat (Sesudah Kira-Kira 1930). Dalam fase ini ilmu antropologi mengalami masa perkembangannya yang pa ling luas, baik mengenai bertambahnya bahan pengetahuan yang jauh lebih teliti.
UAS Ilmu Antropologi dan Pendidikan IPS Muhammad Fahrul Razi A1
Authors: Razi Muhammad Fahrul
Published: June 2022

UAS Ilmu Antropologi dan Pendidikan IPS Muhammad Fahrul Razi A-1
INTEGRAL APPROACH TO CULTURAL REFORM: AN INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM
Authors: Alhakim Abdurrakhman
Published: June 2022

Legal reform requires an approach to various aspects of the law itself. It works the same way in criminal law, the reform does consider not only a collection of written norms but also other aspects such as structure and culture. Furthermore, an integral reform must cover three elements of the legal subsystem because if reforms in other subsystems do not accompany it, the reform will only be a dream. Thus, the reform can create legal effectiveness in providing certainty, benefit, and justice. Based on the urgency and description, this research is considered important to be carried out. This study aims to highlight the renewal of criminal law in legal culture and the various obstacles and concepts offered. Based on this background, several problems will be obtained to be discussed. This legal research uses doctrinal research methods with a conceptual and statutory approach. Various scientific approaches are needed in cultural renewal, including religious scientific, contextual, and comparative juridical approaches. With these three approaches, the cultural renewal will provide new aspects of criminal law and its usefulness, representing a sense of justice in society.
Single-Stage Posterior Approach for the En Bloc Resection and Spinal Reconstruction of T4 Pancoast Tumors Invading the Spine
Authors: Wang Zhi , Truong Van Tri , Liberman Moishe , Al-Shakfa Fidaa , Yuh Sung-Joo , Soder Stephan Adamour , Wu James , Sunna Tarek , Renaud-Charest Émilie , Boubez Ghassan , Shedid Daniel
Published: June 2022

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of patients who had T4 Pancoast tumors invading the spine and underwent en bloc resection and spinal stabilization through a single-stage posterior approach.Overview of Literature: Surgical resection for Pancoast tumors affecting the spine has been successfully performed in two stages involving spinal reconstruction and tumor resection. However, reports have rarely presented the results of en bloc resection combined with spinal stabilization for T4 Pancoast tumors invading the spine through a single-stage posterior approach.Methods: Patients who had T4N0M0 Pancoast tumors invading the spine and underwent a single-stage posterior approach were retrospectively recruited. The following data were obtained and examined: demographics, tumor histology, preoperative and postoperative therapy, complications, spinal reconstruction technique, tumor resection extent, survival time, and disease recurrence.Results: Eighteen patients were included. The mean population age was 61±17 years, and the most common pathological type was adenocarcinoma (61.1%). Complete resection (R0) was obtained in 15 patients (83.3%), positive surgical margins (R1) were found in three patients (16.7%), and the 90-day mortality rate was 0%. Postoperative major complications were detected in 12 patients (66.7%), who required reoperation. The mean survival time was 67±24 months, but the median survival time was not reached. Among the patients, 10 (55.6%) are still alive at the end of the study. The 2- and 5-year actual survival rates were 59% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35.7%–82.3%) and 52.5% (95% CI, 28.4%–76.6%), respectively.Conclusions: En bloc resection and spinal stabilization through a single-stage posterior approach might be effective for T4 Pancoast tumors invading the spine.
Managing the 20th Presidential elections under the Omicron variant in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Rikkila Tamang Leena , Spinelli Antonio
Published: June 2022

Lessons for future elections can been drawn from both the success and failures of the Republic of Korea’s 20th presidential election in 2022, which was, in part, significantly informed by the 2020 National Assembly election. Deliberate efforts were deployed to ensure previously marginalized or excluded voters from the 2020 polls were purposively enfranchised in the 2022 presidential election, using interventions including early and overseas voting. Despite some minor early irregularities related to the placement of ballots marked by Covid-19 patients, the election was widely received as free and fair, with high rates of electoral integrity. This follow-up Technical Paper builds on the previous analysis of the Republic of Korea’s 2020 National Assembly election.
Assess the Parameters of Teledentistry and its Acceptance Among Dental Clinicians
Authors: Kandhro Rehmatullah , Naz Memon Khalida , Memon Jazib , Ayub Tahera , Najmi Naheed , Ahmed Qureshi Yousuf
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Teledentistry can be illustrated as the remote course of action of understanding, and treatment through the technique for information advancement as opposed to coordinating contact with any patient(s) included. Objective: This review was organized to assess the knowledge and parameters of teledentistry of the dentists in Pakistan concerning teledentistry as an emerging implement. Methodology: Descriptive Cross-sectional study was conducted among dentists working in Pakistan, by convenience sampling technique. And the data analysis was done on SPSS version 23. A Chi-Square test was used to control confounders and assess the relation of dentist response with respect to concerning age, gender, and other variables Results: Our participants have a high level of data with regard to teledentistry (85%) and they believe it’s a useful tool to be taken in pandemic situations (84.8%). Conclusion: In the present research, it was observed that most dental staff have adequate information in regard to teledentistry and they have highly obliged this gadget in curse conditions.
Effect of an Indigenous Cleanser on the Microbial Biofilm on Acrylic Denture Base - A Pilot Study
Authors: Bhat Vidya S. , Maria Viegas Mrinali , Shetty Sanath Kumar , C Vipin
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Edentulous patients wearing dentures may develop Candidiasis or denture sore mouth due to improper cleaning of the dentures. Denture cleansers remove not only the biofilm, but also stains and other forms of debris of food on dentures. Since people prefer natural substances for daily use, a natural indigenous cleanser was prepared to replace the chemical denture cleansing solution. Aim: The aim of this study was to check the effect of soapnut on Candida and Streptococcus mutans biofilm formed on dentures compared with control and commercially available Clanden tablet. Materials and Methods: 18 heat cure acrylic blocks were fabricated and (DPI heat cure) and divided into two groups for biofilm formation of C.albicans and S.mutans with 9 blocks in each group. Three solutions: distilled water(control), commercial cleanser (Clanden tablet- Global Dent Aids Pvt Ltd) and indigenous solution(soapnut) were used to check biofilm cleansing efficiency by crystal violet staining method and optical density (OD) analysis using spectrophotometry. 24 hours bacterial culture was carried out to check for zone of inhibition of the test solution. The biofilm cleansing ability tests was done thrice in triplicate. The statistical analysis was performed by Student T-test Results: The highest OD values were obtained in the S.mutans group tested with control (Water). Least values were obtained in C.albicansgroup tested with Clandon tablet. But, similar result was seen with the indigenous solution as well. No significant difference was seen between the effects of the two test specimens on either group of microorganisms compared with that of the control group. A zone of inhibition was seen around the indigenous solution. Conclusion: Indigenous denture cleanser is an effective solution for daily denture hygiene maintenance.
Chitinase Activity by Chitin Degrading Strain (Bacillus Salmalaya) in Shrimp Waste
Authors: J. Alsalman Abdulkhaliq , Farid Arshad , Al Mohaini Mohammed , Muzammal Muhammad , Hashim Khan Muhammad , Dadrasnia Arezoo , N. Alhashem Yousef , A. Al Hawaj Maitham , Ghazanfar Shakira , M. Almusalami Eman
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Chitin degradation by chitinase enzyme can be used on a large scale for bioremediation of seafood waste and is environmentally friendly. Objective: The main aim of this study was to screen the potential of the strain as a chitin degrading agent. Methods: In this present study, the cell-free supernatant of Bacillus salmalaya was determined for its protein concentration. Bacillus salmalaya139SI was isolated from agricultural soil and it was identified by staining technique and colony morphology. The production of chitinase by Bacillus salmalaya139SI was optimized under different concentrations of substrate, pH and temperature. Results: Strain 139SI exhibited strong hemolytic activity and the crude protein concentration of Bacillus salmalaya was 84.09mg/ mL with OD value 0.462. Strain 139SI were also screened on colloidal chitin agar medium supplemented with mineral salt. Chikinase production was determined by clear zones of hydrolysis produced after 7 days of incubation at 37°C. The maximum chitinase production was observed in Brain Heart Infusion broth supplemented with 1.0% colloidal chitin at pH 7 and temperature 35°C after four days of incubation. Chitinase activity was observed when high concentrations of crude extract of 139SI able to degrade shrimp shell by showing the degradation zone at day 4. Conclusion: From the results, we concluded that the Bacillus salmalayahas potential to be a biofunctional chitinase that could degrade complex polysaccharides present in the organic wastes and applicable in cleaning the environment.