bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Content Management Systems, Bittorrent Trackers, and Large-Scale Rhetorical Genres
Authors: Lewis Justin
Published: September 2015

Scholars of rhetoric and writing have long recognized the mediated nature of rhetorical action. From Plato’s early indictments of writing as enemy of memoria to Burke’s recognition of instrumental causes to recent analyses of digital mediation, the study of meaning-making refuses one-to-one, transparent theories of communication, instead recognizing that there is more to rhetorical action than humans. This article follows the trail of Haas, Swarts, and others arguing that analyses of mediation uncover much about human motives, digital communities, and rhetorical action. I argue that technologies often function as rhetorical genres, providing what Miller characterizes as “typified rhetorical actions based in recurrent situations” that occur in uniquely digital spaces. Working from sites of participatory archival creation and curation, I argue that invisible rhetorical genres operating at macroscopic levels of scale are central to shaping individual and communal activity in sites of distributed social production. To support this claim, I investigate two applications—a content management system called Gazelle and a bittorrent tracker called Ocelot—to demonstrate how largely invisible server-side software shapes rhetorical action, circumscribes individual agency, and cultivates community identity in sites of participatory archival curation. By articulating content management systems and other macroscopic software as rhetorical genres, I hope to extend nascent investigations into the medial capacities of digital tools that shape our collective digital experience.
War/Law/Space Notes toward a legal geography of war
Authors: Jones Craig A. , Smith Michael D.
Published: September 2015

To some degree war has always entailed its rhetorics of justification and regimes of authorization. Today, however, war and law have become inseparable; now more than ever, war requires a legal armature to secure its legitimacy and organize its conduct. Our introduction (and the special issue more broadly) investigates this lethal conjunction of law and war across space and time. To capture the interplay of war, law and space-time, we conceive them as forming a kind of nexus or set of entanglements. Adapting legal geographer Nick Blomley’s (1989) concept of the “law-space nexus”, we call this the war/law/space nexus. Our discussion highlights some of its main features and introduces the subsequent papers that make up this special issue.
Use of screencasting to facilitate engineering course delivery
Authors: Hampson Paul R
Published: September 2015

The use of technology to enhance learning opportunities is increasing and interventions such as screencasting can have benefits in providing the student with a flexible learning resource. Within this study, a screencast tutorial was produced for engineering students to teach the process of modelling laminated materials within the commercial finite element software, ANSYS. The effectiveness of the screencast was assessed using an anonymous online questionnaire and small focus group discussion. Overall, feedback from students was positive and found that the majority of students preferred to use a dual learning approach by using the screencast along with an accompanying PDF step-by-step guide. It was also evident from both questionnaire and focus group responses that the instructor–learner interaction was still regarded by the students as an important aspect of the course delivery; especially for teaching advanced concepts when using finite element software.
Informal Practices, Unemployment, and Migration in Small-Town Poland
Authors: White Anne
Published: September 2015

The article applies a livelihood strategy approach to understanding how potential migrants in Poland make decisions about finding employment in Poland or abroad, in the context of a Polish labour market characterised by the highest incidence of temporary employment in the EU; regional economic inequality; and local pockets of high unemployment. More specifically, it examines the situation and perspectives of long-term unemployed people in depressed small towns and rural areas. It explores how—in the view of forty interviewees—informal practices influence their lives and prospects. It is well known that unemployment can lead to migration, but not all unemployed people migrate, begging the question of why and when do they do migrate. The article, based on a small sample, cannot provide definitive answers to such questions, but detailed interviews about individual livelihoods can establish some patterns of causation: for example, whether and why interviewees see migration as preferable to informal work in Poland. Interviewees tended to attribute their lack of employment in Poland to not having useful connections who could secure them “decent” work; they felt they were being pushed abroad because the only alternative was local jobs which were informal in the sense of being in breach of labour law. By contrast, many interviewees had more useful contacts abroad than at home; networks represented both escape routes and opportunities. Interviewees often expressed a preference for using informal channels to migrate, though their stories also illustrated the riskiness of depending on networks.
How public hospitals respond to and use a national serious and sentinel events report: A qualitative study in New Zealand
Authors: Hardy Livia Nell , Gauld Robin , Holmes John
Published: September 2015

How and if public hospital leaders in a national health system use an annual Serious and Sentinel Events (SSE) report, an aim of which is to stimulate improvements in health care quality and patient safety, is an important question that is under-researched. This exploratory qualitative study in New Zealand using semi-structured interviews was undertaken in response. Interviewees included 29 representatives in patient safety leadership roles from 20 hospital districts, each of whom were recommended by their Chief Executives. Four themes describing factors contributing to the use of the SSE report were identified: response to the report itself; perceived use of and value of the report as a quality improvement tool; collaboration amongst hospitals around the findings; and, the priority given to improving quality within respondents' healthcare organisations. This article provides examples of these themes and how they relate to the use of the SSE report as a quality improvement tool. The article concludes that an annual SSE report has the potential to be a very useful tool for health care leaders in addressing SSEs. However, it also suggests that the report is underutilised and consequently some of this potential is lost. This may be explained by hospital capacity to absorb information from, and respond to, the SSE report.
Effects of asymmetric material response on the mechanical behavior of porous shape memory alloys
Authors: Ravari Mohammad Reza Karamooz , Kadkhodaei Mahmoud , Ghaei Abbas
Published: September 2015

The demand for lightweight devices attracts attention toward porous materials. Among them, porous shape memory alloys are of interest due to superior mechanical and biological properties. High cost related to fabrication and characterization of such materials makes it necessary to model their mechanical properties before fabrication. Experimental observations of dense shape memory alloys show tension–compression asymmetry which in turn can affect the mechanical response of porous ones. In this article, the effects of this asymmetric response on the mechanical response of porous shape memory alloys are investigated by comparing three models: asymmetric, symmetric with tensile, and symmetric with compressive material parameters. To this end, a constitutive model considering asymmetric material response is proposed based on microplane theory. Then, this model is used to simulate the stress–strain response of porous shape memory alloys. The results are compared with available experimental and numerical data, and a good agreement is observed. It is concluded that in comparison with the asymmetric model, the symmetric model with tensile material parameters under-predicts the stress level while the model with compressive one over-predicts the stress level. In addition, the effects of porosity on the asymmetric response as well as hysteresis of stress–strain curve in tension and compression are assessed.
Automated Assessment of Patients’ Self-Narratives for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screening Using Natural Language Processing and Text Mining
Authors: He Qiwei , Veldkamp Bernard P. , Glas Cees A. W. , de Vries Theo
Published: September 2015

Patients’ narratives about traumatic experiences and symptoms are useful in clinical screening and diagnostic procedures. In this study, we presented an automated assessment system to screen patients for posttraumatic stress disorder via a natural language processing and text-mining approach. Four machine-learning algorithms—including decision tree, naive Bayes, support vector machine, and an alternative classification approach called the product score model—were used in combination with n-gram representation models to identify patterns between verbal features in self-narratives and psychiatric diagnoses. With our sample, the product score model with unigrams attained the highest prediction accuracy when compared with practitioners’ diagnoses. The addition of multigrams contributed most to balancing the metrics of sensitivity and specificity. This article also demonstrates that text mining is a promising approach for analyzing patients’ self-expression behavior, thus helping clinicians identify potential patients from an early stage.
Buds Bloom in a Second Spring
Authors: Tracy Sarah J.
Published: September 2015

This essay chronicles a tale of personal and academic transformation triggered by the rich mentoring spirit of Bud Goodall. Bud encouraged me discover how a research project on male executives and work-life balance was intricately intertwined with my familial and personal experiences. The essay describes a “Second Spring”—a period of reawakening after the full cycle of ethnographic seasons in which researchers identify blind spots in their scholarship and ways of being. In this Second Spring, I find myself transforming my commitments to gender equity from a place of evidence collection and self-righteous upset to a place of dialogic conversation and choice.
Anomalous Coronary Artery
Authors: Green Michael Stuart , Sehgal Sankalp , Smukler Naomi , Suber LaDouglas Jarod , Saththasivam Pooven
Published: September 2015

The anatomy of the coronary circulation is well described with incidence of congenital anomalies of approximately 0.3% to 1.0%. Although often incidental, 20% are life-threatening. A 25-year-old woman with syncopal episodes collapsed following a 10-km run. Coronary anatomy evaluation showed an anomalous left main coronary artery originating from the right sinus of valsalva and following a course between the aorta and the pulmonary outflow tract. Percutaneous coronary intervention was followed by eventual surgical revascularization. Abnormal course of coronary arteries plays a role in the pathogenesis of sudden death on exertion. Origin of the left main coronary from the right sinus of valsalva is a rare congenital anomaly. The expansion of the roots of the aorta and pulmonary trunk with exertion lead to compression of the coronary artery and syncope. Our patient raises awareness of a potentially fatal coronary artery path. Intraoperative identification of anomalous coronaries by utilizing intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was critical.
Safety Assessment of Pentaerythrityl Tetraesters as Used in Cosmetics
Authors: Becker Lillian C. , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Hill Ronald A. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Liebler Daniel C. , Marks James G. , Shank Ronald C. , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Andersen F. Alan
Published: September 2015

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel (Panel) reviewed the safety of 16 pentaerythrityl tetraester compounds as used in cosmetics. These ingredients mostly function as hair-conditioning agents, skin-conditioning agents—miscellaneous and binders, skin-conditioning agents–occlusive, viscosity-increasing agents–nonaqueous, and skin-conditioning agents—emollient. The Panel reviewed the available animal and human data related to these ingredients and previous safety assessments of the fatty acid moieties. The Panel concluded that pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate and the other pentaerythrityl tetraester compounds were safe in the practices of use and concentration as given in this safety assessment.
Superdads
Authors: de Hart Betty
Published: September 2015

In discussions about multiculturalism, migration, Islam, and law, migrant and especially Muslim fathers have predominantly been discussed in terms of their overall power over women and children. The recurring question seems to be how much room they should be granted to have a polygamous marriage, keep their daughters out of school, and marry them off. This contribution argues that the sociolegal position of migrant fathers is much more complex and possibly more vulnerable than often perceived, as a consequence of the workings of family law and immigration law. Using (black) feminist critiques of family law, the question is to what extent migrant fathers’ weaker legal position is being caused by ideologies about fatherhood in family law and immigration law that exclude them from being “good fathers.” The argument is based on an analysis of European Court of Human Rights case law on affiliation, divorce, custody, visiting rights, and residence.
Progressive cerebral atrophy in neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Warabi Yoko , Takahashi Toshiyuki , Isozaki Eiji
Published: September 2015

We report two cases of neuromyelitis optica patients with progressive cerebral atrophy. The patients exhibited characteristic clinical features, including elderly onset, secondary progressive tetraparesis and cognitive impairment, abnormally elevated CSF protein and myelin basic protein levels, and extremely highly elevated serum anti-AQP-4 antibody titer. Because neuromyelitis optica pathology cannot switch from an inflammatory phase to the degenerative phase until the terminal phase, neuromyelitis optica rarely appears as a secondary progressive clinical course caused by axonal degeneration. However, severe intrathecal inflammation and massive destruction of neuroglia could cause a secondary progressive clinical course associated with cerebral atrophy in neuromyelitis optica patients.
Narrative interventions for health screening behaviours: A systematic review
Authors: Perrier Marie-Josée , Martin Ginis Kathleen A
Published: September 2015

Health information can be presented in different formats, such as a statistically-based or a story-based (e.g. narrative) format; however, there is no consensus on the ideal way to present screening information. This systematic review summarizes the literature pertaining to narrative interventions’ efficacy at changing screening behaviour and its determinants. Five psychology and public health databases were searched; 19 studies, 18 focused on cancer and 1 on sexual health, met eligibility criteria. There is consistent evidence supporting the efficacy of narratives, but mixed evidence supporting an advantage for narratives over statistical interventions for screening behaviour and its determinants. Further investigation is warranted.
Colombian cries: Internal armed conflict and emotions in letters to the editor
Authors: Barrios Marta Milena
Published: September 2015

Letters to the editor published by two Colombian newspapers during 1999–2008 were examined. Most addressed themes, domestic politics and the citizens’ affairs, were analyzed herein to describe emotions from a qualitative perspective. Findings showed that the internal armed conflict was the main driving force to express the individual’s emotions and judgments. Significant events triggering a wide range of emotions were identified. Two units of meaning emerged: patriotism under siege, to account for people’s love for the nation regardless of their affliction; and fear, the predominant emotion, to explain public distress caused by this intractable conflict. Being aware of the public’s emotional condition questions whether it is worth considering the paradigm of objectivity as an ethical ideal in the journalistic field. It also encourages reporting conflicts through the perspective of peace journalism, emphasizing possible solutions. Since Colombia is currently moving to a post-conflict phase, this could help to heal the social issue.
Risk society and Marxism: Beyond simple antagonism
Authors: Curran Dean
Published: September 2015

Moving beyond Beck’s explicit opposition to Marx’s understanding of society, this article proposes to explore some of the deeper commonalities between Marxism and Beck’s theory of risk society. Rather than remaining at the level of propositional claims about society, at which Marx and Beck are opposed in several important ways, this article proposes to analyze these theories in terms of their key commonalities in the problem situations they address. In particular, this article identifies how both of these theories explore the implications of the development of productive forces and the resulting humanisation of nature in the context of widespread social estrangement. This article then identifies key commonalities in the structure of the theoretical solutions that each theory employs to address their commonly held problem situation. In this way, this article rethinks the relationship between Beck and Marx, as well as suggesting alternative ways of re-appropriating classical social theory.
The Specific Requirements of Neural Repair Trials for Stroke
Authors: Dobkin Bruce H. , Carmichael S. Thomas
Published: September 2015

Novel molecular, cellular, and pharmacological therapies to stimulate repair of sensorimotor circuits after stroke are entering clinical trials. Compared with acute neuroprotection and thrombolysis studies, clinical trials for repair in subacute and chronic hemiplegic participants have a different time course for delivery of an intervention, different mechanisms of action within the milieu of the injury, distinct relationships to the amount of physical activity and skills practice of participants, and need to include more refined outcome measures. This review examines the biological interaction of targeted rehabilitation with neural repair strategies to optimize outcomes. We suggest practical guidelines for the incorporation of inexpensive skills training and exercise at home. In addition, we describe some novel outcome measurement tools, including wearable sensors, to obtain the more detailed outcomes that may identify at least some minimal level of success from cellular and regeneration interventions. Thus, proceeding in the shadow of acute stroke trial designs may unnecessarily limit the mechanisms of action of new repair strategies, reduce their impact on participants, and risk missing important behavioral outcomes.
Truth Commission Discourse and the Aesthetics of Reconciliation
Authors: Vallee Mickey
Published: September 2015

Truth Commissions have come to be regarded as a turning point for post-conflict and post-authoritarian states in transition. In this article, I argue that truth commission testimony, broadly defined to include artistic, cultural, and media productions, must be experienced as forms of affective materiality over discursive inscription. Using as an instrumental case study the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (2008–2015), I conceptualize testimony as a necessary re-fictionalization of the past, present, and future of a nation. The truth commission discourse, especially in Canada, works to protect the perpetrators by (1) disallowing their identities from entering into the public record, and (2) creating bystanders out of those perpetrators that allows for an innocent and ineffective witnessing. The push for forgiveness harnesses an imperative for truth commissions to idealize and idolize the emotional moment of testimony. It is imperative to resist the spectacle of confession and testimony. But the witness must not be discarded. The witness must be found in those cultural institutions beyond truth commission events to include the aesthetics of reconciliation.
The Terror That Makes One Whatever One Is: Sterling Hayden's Emotional Testimonies
Authors: Tierney Matt
Published: September 2015

This article conducts a critical narrative of the public lives and performances of the actor Sterling Hayden as a contribution to the theory of emotion. Cultural theories of feeling have frequently suspended their attention to the diachronies of story and history in favor of a synchronic analysis of affect and ontology. This article argues that the analysis of a particular passion, coalescing in a series of moments in a single star text, offers a way to reconcile these divergent theoretical models.
EGF augments TGFβ-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition by promoting SHP2 binding to GAB1
Authors: Buonato Janine M. , Lan Ingrid S. , Lazzara Matthew J.
Published: September 2015

In many epithelial cells, epidermal growth factor (EGF) augments the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) that occurs when cells are treated with transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). We demonstrate that this augmentation requires activation of SH2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP2; also known as PTPN11), a proto-oncogene. In lung and pancreatic cancer cell lines, reductions in E-cadherin expression, increases in vimentin expression and increases in cell scatter rates were larger when cells were treated with TGFβ and EGF versus TGFβ or EGF alone. SHP2 knockdown promoted epithelial characteristics basally and antagonized EMT in response to TGFβ alone or in combination with EGF. Whereas EGF promoted SHP2 binding to tyrosine phosphorylated GAB1, which promotes SHP2 activity, TGFβ did not induce SHP2 association with phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. Knockdown of endogenous SHP2 and reconstitution with an SHP2 mutant with impaired phosphotyrosine binding ability eliminated the EGF-mediated EMT augmentation that was otherwise restored with wild-type SHP2 reconstitution. These results demonstrate roles for basal and ligand-induced SHP2 activity in EMT and further motivate efforts to identify specific ways to inhibit SHP2, given the role of EMT in tumor dissemination and chemoresistance.
Synthesis of Functionalized 3-Bromoindenes via Pd(II)-catalyzed Tandem Reactions of o-(Alkynyl)styrenes: Taking Dioxygen as Sole Oxidant
Authors: Zhou Peng , Liu Weibing , Qiu Huihua
Published: September 2015

This paper introduced an economic and environmental approach to 3-bromoindenes from simple and readily available o-(alkynyl)styrenes via a Pd-catalyzed cascade cyclization including bromopalladation/Heck cross-coupling/β-H elimination. With O2 as the sole oxidant and KBr as bromide source, a series of poly-substituted 3-bromoindenes were synthesized with high chemoselectivity avoiding the use of CuBr2.
The Beveridge Curve: A Survey
Authors: Elsby Michael W. L. , Michaels Ryan , Ratner David
Published: September 2015

Important progress has been made in economists' understanding of the Beveridge curve, from its measurement to its expression in canonical labor market models. Yet enduring puzzles remain. Chief among these are the empirical role of vacancies in the recruitment process; the amplitude, comovement, and persistence of cyclical unemployment–vacancy dynamics; and the sources of lateral shifts in the Beveridge curve. The synthesis of these themes identifies several priorities for ongoing research, including the role of entry costs into vacancy creation in shaping Beveridge dynamics; the cyclicality of search intensity, both off and on the job, and its relation to participation and job-to-job transitions; the theory and measurement of mismatch; and the sources of hysteresis in unemployment flows. (JEL E24, J63, J64)
The Critique of the State: A Twenty-First Century Perspective
Authors: Mészáros István
Published: September 2015

The allegedly less and less power of nation-states is a great exaggeration, voiced by governments in the interest of justifying their failure to introduce even some of their thoroughly limited and once solemnly promised social reforms.… The overwhelming historical failure of capital was—and remains—its inability to constitute the state of the capital system as a whole, while irresistibly asserting the imperatives of its system as the material structural determination of societal reproduction on a global scale. This is a massive contradiction. Inter-state antagonisms on a potentially all-destructive scale—as presaged last century by two world wars still without the now fully developed weapons of total self-destruction—are the necessary consequence of that contradiction. Accordingly, the state that we must conquer in the interest of humanity's survival is the state as we know it, namely the state in general in its existing reality, as articulated in the course of history, and capable of asserting itself.

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Involvement of Selenium in Protective Mechanisms of Plants under Environmental Stress Conditions – Review
Authors: Sieprawska Apolonia , Kornaś Andrzej , Filek Maria
Published: September 2015

In recent years there has been growing interest in selenium (Se) as an important micronutrient not only for animals and humans but also for plants. In particular, its protective effect in plants exposed to stress conditions has been suggested. In spite of many studies, the mechanism of Se action is not fully understood. In this review, possible ways of interaction of Se with stress factors leading to optimal growth and development of plants are presented. As the majority of experiments have focused on the effects of Se application under stress conditions induced by heavy metals, special attention is paid to the results obtained in such studies. Changes of physiological and biochemical properties of plant cells, with particular regard to the influence of Se on the activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under this stress, are summarized. Experiments in which Se was used in some other environmental stresses (drought, UV, cold and high temperature) are also cited. On the basis of the presented literature it is suggested that a positive effect of Se depends on both its doses and on chosen plant genotypes and is mainly connected with activation of antioxidative defense in plant cells.
Constructive description of monogenic functions in a finite-dimensional commutative associative algebra
Authors: Shpakivskyi Vitalii
Published: September 2015

Let 𝔸
Characterisation of cubic oak specimens from the Vasa ship and recent wood by means of quasi-static loading and resonance ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS)
Authors: Vorobyev Alexey , Arnould Olivier , Laux Didier , Longo Roberto , van Dijk Nico P. , Gamstedt E. Kristofer
Published: September 2015

The cylindrical orthotropy, inherent time-dependency response, and variation between and within samples make the stiffness characterisation of wood more challenging than most other structural materials. The purpose of the present study is to compare static loading with resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) and to investigate how to combine the advantages of each of these two methods to improve the estimation of the full set of elastic parameters of a unique sample. The behavior of wood as an orthotropic mechanical material was quantified by elastic engineering parameters, i.e. Poisson’s ratios and Young’s and shear moduli. Recent and waterlogged archaeological oak impregnated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) from the Vasa warship built in 1628 was in focus. The experimental results were compared, and the difference between RUS and static loading was studied. This study contributes additional information on the influence of PEG and degradation on the elastic engineering parameters of wood. Finally, the shear moduli and Poisson’s ratios were experimentally determined for Vasa archaeological oak for the first time.
Effect of γ→α Phase Transformation on Refining Austenite Grains of Microalloyed Steel in Continuous Casting by Simulation
Authors: Liu Jiang , Wen Guanghua , Li Yunfeng , Tang Ping , Luo Linqing
Published: September 2015

The formation of coarse prior austenite grain is a key factor to promote transverse crack, and the transverse crack susceptibility can be reduced by refining the austenite grain size. In the present study, the high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to simulate and study the effect of two γ→α phase transformation conditions on the refinement of the prior austenite grains. Under the condition of the uniform distribution of the second phase precipitation, the effect of the distribution of the proeutectoid ferrite at different cooling rates and refinement of prior austenite grain were investigated. The results indicate that, at a cooling rate of 5.0°C s–1, the austenite grain size undergoing TH1 thermal cycle was 31% smaller than the austenite grain undergoing TH0 thermal cycle. Under TH0 cooling system, the proeutectoid ferrite was uniformly distributed in the austenite matrix; under TH1 cooling, the proeutectoid ferrite precipitated and mainly concentrated along the austenite grain boundaries to form developed-film-like ferrite, which is favorable to break the prior austenite grain boundaries. After the first phase transformation, the film-like ferrite improved the nucleation conditions of new austenite grains, thus more new austenite grains splitted the prior austenite grains, ultimately refining the prior austenite grains.
Determinants of cigarette smoking among school adolescents on the island of Java, Indonesia
Authors: Bigwanto Mouhamad , Mongkolcharti Aroonsri , Peltzer Karl , Laosee Orapin
Published: September 2015

Background:

The Integrated Model of Change has successfully explained the behavior change process. Cigarette smoking is a social phenomenon, which needs to be understood for devising effective preventive strategies.

Objectives:

The study aims to apply the Integrated Model of Change to determine predictive factors of cigarette smoking behavior among school adolescents in Indonesia.

Methods:

A school-based cross-sectional study was designed to collect data in Banten, Indonesia. A total of 698 students from eight high schools were recruited by multi-stage cluster sampling. The association between cigarette smoking and the independent variables was examined by multiple logistic regressions.

Results:

The majority of respondents (86.4%) were between the ages of 15 and 17 years (Mean=16.4 years; SD=1.01). Approximately half (48.8%) of the students ever tried a cigarette while 29.6% were current smokers. Curiosity was reported as the main reason for experimenting with cigarettes (32%). The significant factors regarding current cigarette smoking were attitude [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=2.68], social norms (AOR=12.80), self-efficacy (AOR=15.85), and accessibility (AOR=4.39).

Conclusion:

The study revealed social influence and self-efficacy that were strongly associated with cigarette smoking can help authorities in guiding possible intervention programs for school adolescents.
Clinical chorioamnionitis at term V: umbilical cord plasma cytokine profile in the context of a systemic maternal inflammatory response
Authors: Romero Roberto , Chaemsaithong Piya , Docheva Nikolina , Korzeniewski Steven J. , Tarca Adi L. , Bhatti Gaurav , Xu Zhonghui , Kusanovic Juan P. , Chaiyasit Noppadol , Dong Zhong , Yoon Bo Hyun , Hassan Sonia S. , Chaiworapongsa Tinnakorn , Yeo Lami , Kim Yeon Mee
Published: September 2015

Microbial invasion of the fetus due to intra-amniotic infection can lead to a systemic inflammatory response characterized by elevated concentrations of cytokines in the umbilical cord plasma/serum. Clinical chorioamnionitis represents the maternal syndrome often associated with intra-amniotic infection, although other causes of this syndrome have been recently described. The objective of this study was to characterize the umbilical cord plasma cytokine profile in neonates born to mothers with clinical chorioamnionitis at term, according to the presence or absence of bacteria and/or intra-amniotic inflammation.

A cross-sectional study was conducted, including patients with clinical chorioamnionitis at term (n=38; cases) and those with spontaneous term labor without clinical chorioamnionitis (n=77; controls). Women with clinical chorioamnionitis were classified according to the results of amniotic fluid culture, broad-range polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS) and amniotic fluid interleukin (IL)-6 concentration into three groups: 1) no intra-amniotic inflammation; 2) intra-amniotic inflammation without detectable microorganisms; or 3) microbial-associated intra-amniotic inflammation. A fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) was defined as an umbilical cord plasma IL-6 concentration >11 pg/mL. The umbilical cord plasma concentrations of 29 cytokines were determined with sensitive and specific V-PLEX immunoassays. Nonparametric statistical methods were used for analysis, adjusting for a false discovery rate of 5%.

1) Neonates born to mothers with clinical chorioamnionitis at term (considered

Neonates born to mothers with clinical chorioamnionitis at term had higher concentrations of umbilical cord plasma cytokines than those born to mothers without clinical chorioamnionitis. Even neonates exposed to clinical chorioamnionitis but not to intra-amniotic inflammation had elevated concentrations of multiple cytokines, suggesting that intrapartum fever alters the fetal immune response.
Colloidal magnetic nanocrystal clusters: variable length-scale interaction mechanisms, synergetic functionalities and technological advantages
Authors: Kostopoulou Athanasia , Lappas Alexandros
Published: September 2015

Magnetic particles of optimized nanoscale dimensions can be utilized as building blocks to generate colloidal nanocrystal assemblies with controlled size, well-defined morphology, and tailored properties. Recent advances in the state-of-the-art surfactant-assisted approaches for the directed aggregation of inorganic nanocrystals into cluster-like entities are discussed, and the synthesis parameters that determine their geometrical arrangement are highlighted. This review pays attention to the enhanced physical properties of iron oxide nanoclusters, while it also points to their emerging collective magnetic response. The current progress in experiment and theory for evaluating the strength and the role of intra- and inter-cluster interactions is analyzed in view of the spatial arrangement of the component nanocrystals. Numerous approaches have been proposed for the critical role of dipole-dipole and exchange interactions in establishing the nature of the nanoclusters’ cooperative magnetic behavior (be it ferromagnetic or spin-glass like). Finally, we point out why the purposeful engineering of the nanoclusters’ magnetic characteristics, including their surface functionality, may facilitate their use in diverse technological sectors ranging from nanomedicine and photonics to catalysis.
Defect-rich ZnO quantum dots as a potential multifunctional sunscreen and cosmetic active ingredient
Authors: Asok Adersh , Kulkarni Ajit R. , Gandhi Mayuri N.
Published: September 2015

In sunscreens, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are used as inorganic UV filter which have a prominent band edge emission in the UVA region (~385 nm). When applied to biological surface, this highly penetrating UVA emission from ZnO NPs would enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative stress. Therefore, the elimination of this harmful UVA emission from ZnO NPs are much sought after for the development of safer sunscreens. In this paper we introduce the use of defect-rich ZnO (D-ZnO) quantum dots (QDs) as a multifunctional active ingredient in sunscreen/cosmetic application. These D-ZnO QDs make use of their defect energy levels to emit in visible region by bypassing their harmful band edge emission at UVA region. The D-ZnO QDs also showed prominent visible luminescence which matches well with the autofluorescence of in vivo human skin. Hence, this visible luminescence could be useful for camouflaging, thereby enabling its potential as a biologically safe active ingredient for both cosmetic and UV screening applications.
Termination of Replication Stress Signaling via Concerted Action of the Slx4 Scaffold and the PP4 Phosphatase
Authors: Jablonowski Carolyn M , Cussiol José R , Oberly Susannah , Yimit Askar , Balint Attila , Kim TaeHyung , Zhang Zhaolei , Brown Grant W , Smolka Marcus B
Published: September 2015

In response to replication stress, signaling mediated by DNA damage checkpoint kinases protects genome integrity. However, following repair or bypass of DNA lesions, checkpoint signaling needs to be terminated for continued cell cycle progression and proliferation. In budding yeast, the PP4 phosphatase has been shown to play a key role in preventing hyperactivation of the checkpoint kinase Rad53. In addition, we recently uncovered a phosphatase-independent mechanism for downregulating Rad53 in which the DNA repair scaffold Slx4 decreases engagement of the checkpoint adaptor Rad9 at DNA lesions. Here we reveal that proper termination of checkpoint signaling following the bypass of replication blocks imposed by alkylated DNA adducts requires the concerted action of these two fundamentally distinct mechanisms of checkpoint downregulation. Cells lacking both SLX4 and the PP4-subunit PPH3 display a synergistic increase in Rad53 signaling and are exquisitely sensitive to the DNA alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate, which induces replication blocks and extensive formation of chromosomal linkages due to template switching mechanisms required for fork bypass. Rad53 hypersignaling in these cells seems to converge to a strong repression of Mus81-Mms4, the endonuclease complex responsible for resolving chromosomal linkages, thus explaining the selective sensitivity of slx4Δ pph3Δ cells to alkylation damage. Our results support a model in which Slx4 acts locally to downregulate Rad53 activation following fork bypass, while PP4 acts on pools of active Rad53 that have diffused from the site of lesions. We propose that the proper spatial coordination of the Slx4 scaffold and PP4 action is crucial to allow timely activation of Mus81-Mms4 and, therefore, proper chromosome segregation.
Physico-chemical water properties and flora diversity under the old mining load influence (Rudnansky creek, Slovakia)
Authors: Angelovičová Lenka , Boguská Zuzana , Fazekašová Danica
Published: September 2015

Mining and processing activities in the former mining Middle Spis area caused serious environmental problems. The aim of the study is to determine the content of heavy metals (Cu, As, Pb, Fe, Hg) in water and describe the flora diversity along the Rudnansky creek, which flows through the area. Chemical (pH) and physical (water conductivity, oxygen saturation) water properties were also evaluated. High values of copper and mercury were determined at the localities close to the tailing pond and mercury processing plant. Presence of plant species resistant to heavy metals, such as Calamagrostis epigejos, Arctium lappa, Cirsium rivulare, Geranium palustre, indicates toxic element pollution.
The development of second language critical thinking in a virtual language learning environment: A process-oriented mixed-method study
Authors: Mroz Aurore
Published: September 2015

This article presents a process-oriented mixed-method study, focusing on the emergence of second language (L2) critical thinking (CT) skills in the collaborative discourse produced by a focal group of five college-level students of French working in a virtual language learning environment (the VLLE Cinet Second Life). Levels of CT ability were elicited through episodes of L2 negotiation and co-construction of meaning. The study also examines the perception by students of the impact of the VLLE on the emergence of their L2 CT skills.

Motivated by the need advocated in recent CALL research for a shift in paradigm and in method to alleviate the limitations inherent to quantitative studies, the study was situated at the juncture of sociocultural theory and ecological perspective, and this article focuses on the theoretical rationale behind the selection of a mixed-method methodology.
Diferenciais inovadores na formação de professores para a educação profissional
Authors: Machado Lucília Regina De Souza
Published: September 2015

Sem esgotar a riqueza das contribuições das intervenções dos participantes do GT - Formação de Professores para a Educação Profissional e Tecnológica, constituído pela Secretaria de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica - Setec
do Ministério da Educação - MEC, por intermédio do Departamento de Políticas e Articulações Institucionais, este
artigo reúne alguns aspectos da discussão ocorrida nas duas reuniões que este grupo realizou no segundo semestre
de 2007. Trata-se de um assunto urgente, complexo e de enorme relevância educacional. O objetivo deste artigo é
o de registrar considerações, indicações e recomendações feitas por este GT e sua finalidade é a de contribuir para
a ampliação do debate de todos os setores interessados na construção de uma sólida e articulada política nacional
de formação de professores para a educação profissional e tecnológica.
Fundamentos para o estudo do letramento de comunidades pesqueiras e aqüícolas no Brasil no âmbito da Política para a Formação Humana na Área da Pesca Marinha, Continental e Aqüicultura Familiar
Authors: Lobato Carmen Helena Moscovo
Published: September 2015

O artigo apresenta alguns fundamentos para o estudo do letramento de comunidades pesqueiras e aqüícolas no
Brasil, no âmbito da Política de Formação Humana na Área da Pesca Marinha, Continental e Aqüicultura Familiar,
criada a partir do Acordo de Cooperação Técnica celebrado entre a Seap/PR e a Setec/MEC, em dezembro de 2006.
Tais fundamentos deverão orientar os estudos sobre a relação que as comunidades pesqueiras e aqüícolas brasileiras
mantêm com a escrita em suas práticas sociais, o que deve ser considerado no planejamento e implementação
dos programas educacionais destinados à formação e capacitação profissional de pescadores e aqüicultores para a
gestão e o aproveitamento sustentável de recursos pesqueiros e aqüícolas no país, que é o objetivo maior da política
acima referida.
Incluir é sinônimo de dignidade humana
Authors: Azevedo Gustavo Maurício Estevão
Published: September 2015

Este artigo propõe provocar uma reflexão a respeito da inclusão e das políticas públicas inclusivas como sinônimas
de dignidade humana. Leva em conta a experiência adquirida com a minha participação no Programa do Ministério
da Educação – Secretaria de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – MEC/Setec, intitulado Programa TEC NEP,
o qual se apresenta com fundamento nos paradigmas conceituais da educação inclusiva que progressivamente
vem sendo defendida em documentos internacionais e nacionais. É também este artigo uma síntese da minha
produção acadêmica quando do desenvolvimento de meu trabalho de conclusão de mestrado, na Universidade
Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE, no curso de Mestrado Profissional em Gestão Pública para o Desenvolvimento
do Nordeste – MPANE.
O Plano Nacional de Pós-Graduação (PNPG) 2005-2010, a formação de gestores para a Rede de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC): a experiência do Projeto Gestor
Authors: Kipnis Bernardo , Carvalho Olgamir Francisco de
Published: September 2015

Este artigo descreve e analisa uma experiência-piloto, resultado da parceria entre a Secretaria de Educação Profissional
e Tecnológica (Setec), do Ministério da Educação, e a Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade de Brasília, tendo
como referência o Plano Nacional de Pós-graduação: 2005-2010, aprovado pelo MEC, em janeiro de 2005. Após uma
descrição do PNPG, com ênfase na sugestão de adoção de modelos diversificados e mais flexíveis para a pós-graduação
brasileira, e da apresentação dos resultados parciais, após um ano de implementação do Projeto Gestor com a
utilização das TIC, são sugeridas algumas implicações e indagações sobre a política de pós-graduação no Brasil para a
educação profissional e tecnológica.
Educação tecnológica para a indústria brasileira
Authors: Araújo Alberto Borges de
Published: September 2015

O objetivo deste estudo é subsidiar o entendimento sobre o contexto da educação tecnológica no Brasil, representada
pelos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação destinados à qualificação profissional, indispensáveis ao desenvolvimento
da indústria do país.
Por muitos anos foram adotados sistemas diferenciados de educação profissional técnica, voltados para os ofícios,
e de educação mais acadêmica. O SENAI, que se mantém em permanente sintonia com instituições ligadas à educação
profissional de todo o mundo, trouxe de diversos países exemplos valiosos de universidades tecnológicas
e vem realizando esforços junto ao Ministério da Educação (MEC) para apoio à pesquisa, a acordos bilaterais e à
pós-graduação em diversas áreas profissionais, para garantir uma educação superior de qualidade e adequada às
necessidades do sistema produtivo.
EPT Virtual: espaço digital de apoio à pesquisa e aplicação das TICs na educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Serra Antônio de Barros , Silva Cassandra Ribeiro de Oliveira e , Soares José Marques
Published: September 2015

O segmento da educação profissional e tecnológica (EPT) encontra-se em fase de dupla expansão: por um lado,
a construção de novas escolas técnicas e de novas unidades descentralizadas vinculadas a centros já instalados;
por outro, a ampliação da oferta de vagas na modalidade a distância por meio do programa Escola Técnica
Aberta do Brasil – eTec. Esse contexto apresenta desafios urgentes, exigindo práticas pedagógicas inovadoras
e novas ferramentas para o ensino e aprendizagem presencial e a distância. Este artigo apresenta o estágio de
desenvolvimento do portal EPT Virtual, destinado a contribuir com a formação, informação, instrumentalização
e comunicação de professores, pesquisadores, gestores, alunos e interessados em tecnologias da informação e
comunicação (TICs) aplicadas à EPT. O Inter-Red, rede virtual temática, apresentado aqui, é uma das ferramentas
já desenvolvidas e constitui-se de uma base de conteúdos educacionais gerados por instituições da rede
EPT credenciadas, permitindo a publicação, o acesso e o reaproveitamento de conteúdos didáticos em formato
digital em diversas mídias. O artigo mostra também o estágio de desenvolvimento do próprio portal, suas funcionalidades
e ferramentas.
A produção de ciência e tecnologia nos Institutos Federais, 100 anos de aprendizagem
Authors: Conciani Wilson , Figueiredo Luis Carlos de
Published: September 2015

Este artigo tem a intenção de mostrar o histórico e o caminhamento da pesquisa nos atuais Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia. Para tanto, será apresentado um histórico da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (RFEPT) no que se refere ao seu perfil institucional e a sua prática na difusão e produção do saber. Ao final se conclui que a mudança institucional carrega a experiência de produção do saber, gerada nos 100 anos da RFEPT, fruto da vivência em laboratórios e da relação com a comunidade.