bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clonación de Pinus patula Schiede ex Schltdl. & Cham. por injerto: efecto de la fenología y tipo de púa
Authors: Pérez-Luna Alberto , López Upton Javier , Prieto-Ruíz José Ángel , Barrera-Ramírez Rubén
Published: February 2024

Los injertos permiten clonar genotipos selectos, pero es común la falta de prendimiento en coníferas por causas intrínsecas y extrínsecas del proceso de injertado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el prendimiento y la supervivencia de injertos de enchapado lateral de Pinus patula con púas en tres estadios fenológicos (latencia, inicio del crecimiento y pleno crecimiento), dos tipos de púas (yemas terminales y púas basales) y su interacción, además de determinar el tiempo promedio de prendimiento por efecto de los tratamientos. Se usó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 3×2 con 16 repeticiones. La evaluación fue quincenal hasta los 90 días después del injertado. Se realizaron análisis de varianza para detectar diferencias entre tratamientos y se ajustaron los modelos de tiempo de fallo acelerado y razón de riesgo de Weibull para estimar el tiempo promedio de prendimiento y la probabilidad de muerte de los injertos, respectivamente. No se registraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) entre tratamientos. En todas las combinaciones hubo prendimiento (de 79.2 a 100 %) y la supervivencia varió entre 58 y 83 %. Se obtuvo 100 % de prendimiento con yemas terminales en latencia y púas basales en pleno crecimiento, mientras que la mayor supervivencia (83 %) se presentó con púas basales al inicio del crecimiento y yemas terminales en pleno crecimiento. El menor tiempo promedio de prendimiento se logró con púas basales (15 días). Pinus patula se puede clonar exitosamente en cualquier estadio fenológico y con el uso de ambos tipos de púas evaluadas.
Keamanan Manusia dalam Pengaruh Tradisi Dowry di India Terhadap Kekerasan Berbasis Gender di India
Authors: Kurnia Nining , Rizki Khairur , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Bagaimana Keamanan Manusia dalam pengaruh tradisi dowry yang menyebabkan tindakan kekerasan berbasis gender di India. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori feminisme serta menggunakan konsep Human Security untuk menjawab rumusan masalah karena semuanya mampu untuk menjelaskan adanya tindakan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan yang disebabkan oleh tradisi dowry di India. Hal tersebut terlihat dari beberapa kasus kekerasan yang di akibatkan oleh tradisi dowry. Akibat dari tradisi dowry ini juga menimbulkan kematian atau biasa disebut dengan dowry death. Selain itu, masih adanya sistem patriarki yang dianut oleh masyarakat India sehingga menjadi faktor utama yang menyebabkann kekerasan berbasis gender yang lebih menekankan manpower dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan seperti bidang ekonomi, pendidikan, politik, sosial dan budaya. Penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa tindakan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan di India akibat dari tradisi dowry ini sulit untuk dihapuskan walaupun pemerintah India telah melakukan berbagai upaya penanggulangan bersama dengan organisasi internasional. Namun masih mengakarnya sistem patriarki di masyarakat India menjadi hambatan utama untuk menanggulangi tindakan diskriminasi terhadap perempuan hingga saat ini.
Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Mini-review of Current & Developmental Treatments
Authors: Robert Freeze , Scott Scarneo
Published: February 2024

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN) is a major limiting side effect of many common chemotherapeutics often leading patients to terminate their chemotherapy treatment regimen early. The development of CIPN differs by chemotherapeutic class, with platinum- and taxane-based treatments demonstrating the highest incidence rates. Despite its relatively high prevalence, there are currently no FDA-approved treatments for CIPN, and clinicians must rely on the off-label use of several analgesics and various non-pharmacological approaches to treat CIPN symptoms in patients. Novel insights on the development of CIPN have identified new drug targets leading to several Phase II clinical trials to be initiated. Here, we describe recent advances in drug development for CIPN.
Role of Plant derived-medicine for controlling Cancer
Authors: Ravindra B. Malabadi  , Sadiya MR  , Kiran P. Kolkar  , Simuzar S. Mammadova  , Raju K. Chalannavar  , Himansu Baijnath
Published: February 2024

This review paper has highlighted a list of plants containing active phytochemicals with anticancer potential, as well as data supporting their use in cancer therapy, animal models, and their pharmacological properties. Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal cell division and proliferation that result from disruption of molecular signals that control these processes. Cancer is the abnormal, uncontrolled division of cells in the body. The cancer cells when malignant, invade various parts of the body through the bloodstream. The spread of cancer from its cells or tissue of origin to another healthy part of tissues or organs is called metastasis. Some of the regular characteristics of cancers are apoptosis, angiogenesis, multiple replication, growth signal production, insensitivity to signals of anti-growth and metastasis. These features make cancer cells to have continuous growth, long time survival and the potential to invade normal cells. Moreover, if these activities are not blocked, cancer cells will continue to increase, overwhelm and finally kill the patient with cancer. Oncology is the study of cancer. An oncologist is a doctor who treats cancer and provides medical care for a person diagnosed with cancer. An oncologist may also be called a cancer specialist. Today, despite considerable efforts, cancer still remains an aggressive killer worldwide. The success rate of these therapies is diminished by toxicities, drug resistance, recurrence and treatment failure. A significant challenge associated with cancer is that treatment is as much an art as it is a science. Therefore, there is a constant demand to develop new, effective, and affordable anticancer drugs. Several factors, such as environmental factors, habitual activities, genetic factors, etc., are responsible for cancer. Many cancer patients seek alternative and/or complementary treatments because of the high death rate linked with cancer and the adverse side effects of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, surgery, and stem cell therapy. Medicinal plants could also possess effective anticancer compounds that may be used as adjuvants to existing chemotherapy to improve efficacy and/or reduce drug-induced toxicity; such as chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting to improve patients’ quality of life. Cell death is caused by the whole plant extracts via apoptosis. However, majority of plant extracts have been researched for cancer prevention rather than treatment, resulting in low efficacy and uptake in practice. Prevention is certainly an attractive cancer management strategy. Thus it might be possible to reduce the process of carcinogenesis with regular use of these plants along with a healthy lifestyle.
Cytotoxic activities of medicinal plants on different cancer cell lines
Authors: Farah TO Al-Jumaili  , WIDAD J. ATIA
Published: February 2024

The foundation of contemporary medicine is still the therapeutic uses of medicinal herbs, which have a long history of use. As a result, these plants are extremely important to medicine, it is critical to understand that a variety of chemotherapeutic drugs have been isolated and identified from medicinal plants and are utilized in the treatment of cancer. Herbal medications have always had a big impact on trade and health. Many natural chemicals and their derivatives have been shown to have anticancer properties, leading to the identification and demonstration of anticancer properties in numerous plants. Cancer affects people of all economic levels and is a serious health concern. In this regard, herbal remedies may become essential for the prophylaxis and management of cancer.
Effect of rock strength on the degradation of ballast equipped with under sleeper pad using discrete element method
Authors: Saeid Farsi  , Morteza Esmaeili  , Reza Naseri
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the influence of Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) of ballast rock cores and the Bedding Modulus of Under Sleeper Pads (USP-BM) on railway track deterioration, investigating key factors such as settlement and aggregate fragmentation through Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations. These simulations encompass three scenarios representing different types of ballast aggregates: without a pad, with a soft pad, and with a hard pad, with rock cores categorized by UCS values into soft (159 MPa), medium (210 MPa), and hard (285 MPa) classes. The model involves cyclic loading of a sleeper section embedded in ballast, subject to fluctuating vertical loads between 3 and 43 kN at a frequency of 3 Hz, with a total of 15 load cycles applied to emulate real-world conditions, and its accuracy is confirmed through experimental validation. The study concludes that a soft USP is most effective in mitigating ballast settlement and breakage, highlighting the pivotal role of UCS values of ballast rock cores in the management of track deterioration.
Evaluating environmental legislation on disaster resilience: Data insights from Nigeria and the USA
Authors: Nkechi Emmanuella Eneh  , Adekunle Oyeyemi Adeniyi  , Chidiogo Uzoamaka Akpuokwe  , Seun Solomon Bakare  , Mwuese Celestina Titor-Addingi
Published: February 2024

This review provides a succinct overview of the research conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental legislation in enhancing disaster resilience, drawing insights from case studies in Nigeria and the United States. Environmental legislation plays a pivotal role in mitigating the impacts of natural disasters, yet its effectiveness in fostering resilience remains a subject of debate. This study employs a comparative analysis approach, examining the legislative frameworks and their implementation in two diverse contexts: Nigeria, representing a developing nation with significant environmental challenges, and the USA, a developed nation with robust regulatory mechanisms. Through comprehensive data collection and analysis, this research scrutinizes the extent to which environmental legislation contributes to disaster resilience in both countries. Key factors such as regulatory compliance, enforcement mechanisms, stakeholder engagement, and institutional capacity are evaluated to gauge the efficacy of the legislative frameworks. Findings reveal disparities in the implementation and effectiveness of environmental legislation between Nigeria and the USA. In Nigeria, despite the existence of relevant laws, challenges persist in enforcement due to institutional weaknesses, corruption, and inadequate resources. Consequently, communities remain vulnerable to recurrent disasters, exacerbating socio-economic disparities and environmental degradation. Conversely, the USA demonstrates a more structured approach to environmental legislation, with robust regulatory mechanisms, efficient enforcement, and proactive risk management strategies. This has led to greater resilience and adaptive capacity, evidenced by effective disaster preparedness, response, and recovery measures. However, despite these disparities, the study identifies common areas for improvement in both contexts. Strengthening institutional capacity, enhancing public awareness and participation, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering international cooperation emerge as crucial strategies to bolster disaster resilience through environmental legislation. This research underscores the significance of evaluating environmental legislation in enhancing disaster resilience, providing valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders in Nigeria, the USA, and beyond. By addressing the identified challenges and leveraging best practices, nations can foster a more resilient future in the face of escalating environmental risks and uncertainties.
Pelindungan Hukum bagi Bidan Memberikan Pelayanan Obat kepada pasien dalam Praktik Kebidanan di Daerah Terpencil
Authors: Asyah Nur
Published: February 2024

Providing drug services to patients in midwifery practice in remote areas is regulated in Article 273 of the Health Law which states that: "personnel in carrying out practice have the right to obtain legal protection as long as they carry out their duties in accordance with professional standards, professional service standards, and standard operational procedures and professional ethics, as well as patient's health needs. Likewise, Article 19 of the Minister of Health's Permit and Practice of Midwives also states that "in carrying out practice/work, midwives have the right to obtain legal protection in carrying out practice/work as long as they comply with standards." The purpose of this paper is to analyze the authority of midwives to provide drug services to patients in midwifery practice and examine the form of legal protection for midwives in carrying out practice. The author uses a research method with a normative juridical type and approaches the problem using legislation, a conceptual approach and a comparative approach.

 

Keywords: Medication Administration by Midwives, Legal Protection
Epitaph for Timokritos Who Fell in Battle Against the Aetolians
Authors: Marucci Marta
Published: February 2024

The metrical inscription celebrates the death of the soldier Timocritus, who was killed in a clash with the Aetolians. Previous editors have unanimously dated the text to the end of the third century BCE, believing the war event to be related to one of the assaults the Aetolians made against Acarnania during the social war of 220‑217 BCE. A re-examination of the text and a comparison with other metrical epigraphs found on site and with historical sources allows an alternative dating proposal to be made. According to Livy, the polis of Tyrrheus was attacked again in 192‑191 BCE by the Etholos-Syriac troops of Antiochus III. In the absence of an autopsy examination or images of the find, it therefore seems plausible to ascribe the inscription either to the end of the third century BCE, linked to the events of the social war of 220‑217 BCE, or to the beginning of the second century BCE, connected to the Aetolo-Syrian attack of 192‑191 BCE.
Inscription from Caria Mentioning Antiochus III, Ptolemy V, and Philip V
Authors: Rossini Alessandro
Published: February 2024

The ‘Three Kings’ Inscription’ bears the fragment of a Rhodian arbitration between Bargylia and another town in Caria. It is an important document, for it described major political events which affected western Caria on the eve of the Second Macedonian War (200‑197 BC). Above all, it makes it evident that Rhodes eventually came to know about the same Syro-Macedonian connivance against Egypt and the child king Ptolemy V which Polybius (3.2.8; 15.20) later described in big words. After a detailed status quaestionis, the importance of comparing the Rhodian, Ptolemaic, and Polybian perspectives on Antiochus III and Philip V’s conduct is stressed here.
Mathematical modeling of dynamic processes of agricultural mobile energy vehicles on an electric drive
Authors: Godzhaev Z. A. , Senkevich S. E. , Alekseev I. S. , Ilchenko E. N.
Published: February 2024

The article considers the issues of modeling the processes of agricultural mobile energy vehicles (MEV) with electric drive (ED). A review of modern literature on the problem under study as well as questions on modeling the functional properties of mobile machines and improving the quality indicators of MEV work are presented. A mathematical model of the motion of the MEV with an electric motor is presented, as well as a description of the method used and a sequence of actions for conducting research. Preliminary theoretical studies of motion in different modes of operation have been carried out. The proposed model is convenient for implementation and calculation in any of the applied software products that support the modeling of dynamic systems with an electromechanical drive. The proposed model, the solution of which is based on the methods of numerical integration of systems in the Matlab Simulink software environment, made it possible to simulate the dynamic processes of electromechanical power transmission of MEV during various agricultural operations. With the help of this model, the analysis of electromechanical processes in transient and steady-state operating modes, as well as dynamic processes in the power transmission were carried out. Graphs of changes in the studied parameters of the MEV power transmission are obtained and elastic moments in the joints of the 5-mass design scheme are determined. The use of the model allows you to track the change in statistical characteristics when the conditions of the experiment change. The model has shown its operability when performing simulation of agricultural operations: fertilization, cultivation and sowing, and it can be used at the design stage to study the characteristics of dynamic processes of small-class traction MEV power transmissions with an electromechanical drive. With different parameters of the model, there is a change in the mathematical expectation of the angular velocity of the ED from 147.89 to 156.87 rad/s, a change in the mathematical expectation of the speed of the MES from 4.51 to 4.79 m/s.
Malignant catarrhal fever: pathogenesis, problems of prevention and control (review)
Authors: Spitsyna S. Sh. , Burova O. A. , Andriyanov P. A. , Zhurilov P. A. , Liskova E. A. , Zakharova O. I. , Tutrina A. I. , Kashina D. D. , Grebnev N. A. , Kachan V. N. , Yashin I. V. , Blokhin A. A.
Published: February 2024

Malignant catarrhal fever is a non-contagious infectious disease that occurs sporadically in the population of cattle and wild artiodactyls. The source of the causative agent of the disease is wildebeest, sheep, and goats, in which the infectious process is usually asymptomatic. The manifestation of clinical and pathological signs is variable, often characterized by damage to the nervous, respiratory and digestive systems, in the organs and tissues of which signs of lymphocytic and histiocytic vasculitis are noted. Diagnosis of the disease is carried out comprehensively using clinical and histological methods, but the main method is the detection of viral DNA in the material using PCR. However, control and prevention of the disease have a number of difficulties due to insufficient efficiency of diagnostic measures, lack of vaccines and outdated regulatory framework. There are no commercially available kits for diagnosing the disease in Russia. This diagnosis is available to research organizations, where complex research protocols are used. Due to insufficient knowledge of the pathogenesis, attempts to create effective vaccines against malignant catarrhal fever have not yet been successful, which does not allow for the full implementation of preventive measures. Regulatory acts defining approaches to control and elimination of the disease have not been updated for more than 20 years. The complex of these problems significantly distorts the objective epizootic situation on malignant catarrhal fever and contributes to its hidden spread with unclear economic and economic damage.
Adaptive properties and ecological plasticity of promising lines of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the Central Non-Black Earth Regions of Russia
Authors: Barkovskaya T. A. , Gladysheva O. V.
Published: February 2024

In the conditions of the Ryazan region, adaptive properties and ecological plasticity of 8 breeding lines of spring soft wheat (standard Agatha variety) were studied in 2020–2023 according to the "yield" trait using diverse statistical methods. Ecological plasticity (bi), stability (σ2d ), index of environmental conditions (Ij) were determined by S. A. Eberhart, W. A. Russell, variation – by B. A. Dospekhov, stress resistance and genetic flexibility – by A. A. Rossielle, J. Hemblin, index of ecological plasticity – by A. A. Gryaznov, indicator the level of the variety yield stability – according to E. D. Nettevich, homeostaticity (Hom ), breeding value (Sc) – according to V. V. Hangildin, relative stability, stability criterion – according to N. A. Sobolev, multiplicativity (KM) – according to V. A. Dragavtsev. It has been established that the yield level is mostly influenced by the factor "environment" – 51.5 %, the contribution of the factor "genotype" is 11.5 %. The average yield in the experiment was 5.19 t/ha, favorable conditions in 2022 (Ij = 0.50) allowed the yield to be 17.9 % higher than in 2021 (Ij = -0.52). Lines 2-17 (6.24 t/ha) and 21-17 (6.05 t/ha) had high yields, their genetic flexibility index was 5.58 and 5.41 t/ha, respectively. Lines 1-17, 465-17 and 531-17 had the highest resistance to stress (-0.63, -1.00), they are characterized by high yield stability (σ2d = 0.27–0.65) and the least decrease in it under adverse conditions. Strong responsiveness to changes in environmental conditions was noted for lines 290-17, 2-17 and 21-17: bi – 1.25–1.29, KM – 2.22–2.27. According to the degree of homeostaticity, line 1-17 was distinguished (Sc – 4.63, PUSS – 212, Hom – 18.3), these indicators exceeded the average values by 10.2 %, 81.0 abs. %, 98.9 %, respectively. According to the results of the integrated assessment by the ranking method, breeding lines 1-17; 465-17 and 21-17 showed varying degrees of adaptability, environmental stability, homeostaticity and had a high rating. The lowest rating in terms of the sum of the ranks of adaptability and plasticity parameters was obtained by the standard Agate variety.
Frequency of occurrence of k-casein genotypes and their effect on the milk productivity of Kholmogory cows
Authors: Khudyakova N. A. , Kozhevnikova I. S. , Shchipakova E. N. , Kondakova A. A. , Kalmykova M. S.
Published: February 2024

To increase the volume of domestic dairy products, it is necessary to use modern breeding methods and select animals with high genetic potential. To determine the genetic potential of animals, molecular genetic markers are used, which make it possible to study how a specific genetic variant or combination of genes affects the desired trait. The purpose of the study is to identify the frequency of occurrence of allelic variants of the kappa-casein gene (CSN3) in Kholmogory cows and their relationship with milk production. The object of the study is 195 cows. To determine the genotypes of kappa-casein, the method of polymerase chain reaction of restriction fragment length polymorphism was used. The research was carried out in 2023 on the basis of JSC Kholmogorsky Breeding Plant (Arkhangelsk region). Results: in the studied herd, allele A of the kappacasein gene dominates – 80 %, respectively, allele B was 20 %. The predominant genotype is AA – 63.08 % (n = 123), the less common genotype AB is 33.33 % (n = 65), the least common genotype is BB – 3.59 % (n = 7). To assess milk productivity and milk quality in cows with different CSN3 genotypes, productivity indicators for the last completed lactation were compared. The total number of cows with completed lactation in the study sample was 130 heads, of which: 37 cows were first-calf heifers, 6 cows in the second lactation and 87 cows in the third or more lactation. In total, according to the comparison results, cows with the BB genotype had the highest indicators: milk yield – 6916±275 kg, mass fraction of fat – 4.14±0.22 %, mass fraction of protein – 3.16±0.07 %, amount of milk fat – 286±19 kg, amount of milk protein – 219±12 kg. Thus, the desired genotype for the CSN3 gene is BB. At the moment, there are very few carriers of this gene, so it is necessary to carry out selection and breeding work aimed at increasing their numbers.
Relationship between evaluations of sires in pale-motley cattle population at different levels of management
Authors: Altukhova N. S. , Yanchukov I. N. , Savinov A. V. , Ivanov Yu. A.
Published: February 2024

Reproductive technologies have led to a wide and global distribution of genetic material from animals with high productivity. However, the distribution of semen from the same bulls to different regions (countries) may not always meet the expectations of livestock breeders. This aspect may be due to the fact that the genetic structure of the breeding stock, breeding goals and environmental conditions vary from region to region. The article presents the results of evaluating the breeding value of 286 sires used on the breeding stock of the pale-motley dairy cattle population in five regions of the Russian Federation (Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Oryol regions and Altai Territory). The evaluation was carried out according to individual traits of daughters' milk productivity, and on multiple traits (selection index). Based on the results of the study, differences were identified in estimates of the breeding value of the same sires at the level of total information (population level) and in the herds of single regions (regional level). The accuracy of evaluating genotypes at the population management level was significantly higher (by 7–15 percent) than it was at regional levels. The correlations between the breeding value of the same sires at different levels of management (population-region) for single traits of daughter’s milk productivity were 0.522–0.960, for the complex of traits (selection index) – from 0.157 to 0.937. This indicates that when selecting the best sires at the level of an individual region, mistakes can reach 4–48 % for single milk productivity traits and from 6.3 to 84 % for their complex.
Justification of innovative technology for variety and phytocleaning in breeding and seed plantings of potatoes and vegetable crops
Authors: Dorokhov A. S. , Aksenov A. G. , Sibirev A. V. , Mosyakov M. A. , Sazonov N. V.
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the research is to substantiate theoretically the process of variety and phytocleaning in breeding and seed plantings of potatoes and vegetable crops using machine vision technologies and robotic elements. The article analyzes modern non-destructive methods for detecting diseases of biological objects; technological processes and machines for removing the fruits of vegetable crops from plants in a digital agricultural production system with elements of robotization in the operations of caring for plants and collecting marketable products. The relevance of developing innovative technology and technical means for removing infected potato and vegetable plants in breeding and seed production has been established. To carry out health-improving techniques for the production of vegetable and potato seeds, an innovative technology and machine have been developed for removing infected potato and vegetable crop plants in breeding and seed-growing plantings, providing movement across the field using machine vision technologies with the identification of an infected plant or a plant that does not correspond to the varietal characteristics with its subsequent removal. In the process of the research (2021-2022), a morphological matrix for selecting technical means of using functioning elements for implementing innovative technology for varietal and phytocleaning of vegetable crops and potatoes, as well as the theoretical foundations of innovative technology for removing contaminated biological objects, were developed. An indicator of the effectiveness of the implementation of innovative phytotype cleaning technology has been identified, taking into account the parameters of economic and agrotechnical indicators, as well as metal intensity, energy intensity, environmental friendliness and reliability. Analytical studies of machine technology and technical means for removing infected vegetable and potato plants are presented. A substantiation of the innovative technology for varietal and phytocleaning of vegetable crops and potatoes has been carried out, in terms of the exclusion of an unmanned aerial vehicle in the technology for detecting infected potato plants with a qualitative assessment of the feasibility of choosing technical means when using the functioning elements of the implementation of the developed technology according to the criteria of economic and agrotechnical assessment, as well as metal intensity, energy intensity and reliability . An assessment of the feasibility of choosing technical means for the functioning of elements of innovative technology showed that, according to a set of criteria, the process of varietal and phytocleaning of vegetable crops and potatoes is advisable to carry out without the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle, using an optical system for identifying infected plants in the design of the machine.
The Concept of Restorative Justice in Criminal Procedure Law through The Rehabilitation Process: Integrated Assessment at The National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency
Authors: Muljan Muljan , Nawawi Jumriani
Published: February 2024

The study discusses the "Concept of Restorative Justice in Criminal Procedure Law through Rehabilitation Process by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency." The research aims to: identify the essence of Restorative Justice through Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency, describe the implementation of Restorative Justice through Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency, and analyze the integration of Competency Development in Criminal Procedure Law courses through the Concept of Restorative Justice in Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency. This research employs a qualitative approach with legislative, case, and conceptual approaches located at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency, with doctors and the rehabilitation section of BNNK Bone as the sources of information, who are part of the integrated assessment team. The data used are primary data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research findings indicate that: (1) The essence of Restorative Justice through Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency is rooted in the protection of the health and social life of drug abusers specifically and society in general. (2) The implementation of Restorative Justice through Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency complies with regulations, but there are still some challenges, including ambiguous regulations, law enforcement officers' paradigm towards rehabilitation, and inadequate rehabilitation facilities; (3) The integration of Competency Development in Criminal Procedure Law courses through the Concept of Restorative Justice in Rehabilitation by the Integrated Assessment Team at the National Narcotics Agency of Bone Regency can be applied to related criminal law courses through sub-topics in the semester lesson plan, especially regarding narcotics offenses.
Analysis of Current Rules and Regulations for Preclinical Studies of Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Lunev A. S. , Petrosova K. A. , Ternovskaya K. E. , Sklyarenko A. D. , Surnina A. E. , Nigmatulina А. I.
Published: February 2024

SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. Owing to specific aspects of their development and use, radiopharmaceuticals require separate rules and regulations for preclinical studies. However, current legislation and regulations on the organisation and conduct of preclinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals contain a number of contradictions and need improvement.

AIM. This review aimed to analyse the rules and regulations governing preclinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals in the Russian Federation and abroad.

DISCUSSION. The regulatory requirements for preclinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals that are conducted by specialised institutions in Russia and abroad have several shortcomings and inconsistencies. Laboratories working with animals and open sources of ionising radiation should prioritise regulations related to radiation safety. Radiation safety requirements should be in line with the sanitary standards and practical guidelines used in preclinical studies. This review covers the specific aspects of conducting preclinical studies of therapeutic and diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals. According to the review results, international guidelines for preclinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals focus on systematising the applicable requirements and aim at providing a consistent approach to preclinical studies to reduce the conduct of studies that are not informative for a specific radiopharmaceutical product.

CONCLUSIONS. Radiation safety requirements should be harmonised with international guidelines. Methodological recommendations and local regulations should be developed and approved to facilitate the resolution of regulatory issues related to the organisation and conduct of preclinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals. Many medical, social, technical, and administrative issues need addressing at the inter-institutional and/or national level.
Pharmacy Compounding Regulation in the German Pharmaceutical Market. Part 1. Basic Regulatory Provisions (Review)
Authors: Erdni-Garyaev S. E. , Mamedov D. D. , Yurochkin D. S. , Zelikova D. D. , Golant Z. M. , Fisenko V. S. , Narkevich I. A.
Published: February 2024

SCIENTIFIC RELEVANCE. There is a need to move towards an appropriate system of quality assurance in pharmacy compounding. At the same time, the development of a Russian regulatory system for pharmacy compounding requires a broad understanding of international experience.

AIM. This study aimed at analysing the basic principles of pharmacy compounding regulation in the Federal Republic of Germany in order to identify best practices and determine ways to improve the legal and regulatory framework for compounding pharmacies in the Russian Federation.

DISCUSSION. According to German law, pharmacies may dispense compounded medicinal products on an oral request from a patient. The German regulatory framework provides a mechanism delineating medicinal products compounded by pharmacies and those manufactured by pharmaceutical companies. The geographical and quantitative restrictions combined with the neutral pricing policy for pharmacies facilitate the establishment of a highly effective pharmaceutical supply system. In practice, this system helps set uniform prices for medicinal products throughout Germany while preventing pharmacy chains from monopolising the pharmaceutical market. These regulations can be considered regulatory mechanisms operating at the regional (land) level. Moreover, it is of key importance that German legislation divides compounded medicinal products into stock and extemporaneous preparations.

CONCLUSIONS. German pharmaceutical practice features a number of innovations that can be borrowed for Russian pharmaceutical practice. Russian pharmaceutical legislation may benefit from adopting the concept of a “request from an individual” for dispensing compounded medicinal products that do not contain prescription-only active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In order to improve the efficiency of the use of pharmaceutical-quality raw materials, including APIs, it is necessary to identify cases in which regular pharmacies can receive or purchase compounded medicinal products from compounding pharmacies and cases in which compounding pharmacies can purchase APIs from other compounding pharmacies. The authors recommend considering the possibility of defining the role, functions, and powers of self-regulating professional pharmacy organisations at various levels of governance in this social sphere of activity. Furthermore, the authors recommend creating a Russian mechanism to mitigate the risks of stock shortages and/or limited supply of medicinal products that would be similar to the German “standard authorisation” system and would encompass compounding pharmacies and pharmaceutical companies.
Comparison of Surface Hardening Processes Applied to AISI 5140 Steel withSide Load Test
Authors: Çığır Talha İkbal , Eser Ahmet Asım , Göğer Furkan , Acarer Mustafa
Published: February 2024

AISI 5140 Tempered steel is generally preferred in the joints of vehicles. This steel is a material with high toughness. Its usage areas are quite wide. The purpose of the surface hardening process is to increase the wear resistance of surfaces exposed to wear, as well as to increase the fatigue life of the part and increase corrosion resistance. Since the inner parts of the parts are not affected by surface hardening, the resistance to impacts increases and therefore the formation of cracks on the surface is delayed. Surface hardening processes delay the formation of cracks on the surface and extend fatigue life. In this study, a comparison was made between a part with induction surface hardening, which is one of the methods in which the chemical composition of the surface is not changed, a part with nitration, which is one of the methods in which the chemical composition is not changed, and a part with standard reclamation heat treatment. Side Load test, a static testing method, was used for this comparison. In the Side Load test, the samples were compressed from the conical region and a vertical load was applied corresponding to the center of the joint. According to the results obtained in the tests, the sample with Induction surface hardening process withstood 64500 N, the sample with Nitriding heat treatment withstood 54500 N and the sample with Standard tempering heat treatment withstood 50200 N. According to the results obtained, the sample with the highest durability rate is the sample whose surface was hardened by induction.
Rebel Patients and Caregivers Podcast
Authors: Fox Susannah , Bell, RN, MSN, MHA Sarah , Sakumoto, MD, CMIO Matthew
Published: February 2024

Patients are creating solutions and setting new standards for what’s possible in health and outcomes. Speakers discuss perspectives and viewpoints in patient care that help both clinicians, patients, survivors, and caregivers learn valuable new skills, and how to deploy them to work together, and take power back. 

Discussion Topics

Providing guidance for those suffering from new diagnosis or chronic conditions on how to leverage patient-led groups to find answers and change their course of care

Clinician experiences with patient-led groups and patient-led healthcare

Learn about the four patient archetypes – Seeker, Networker, Solver, and Champion

Advice for patients, caregivers, and survivors who want to learn how to navigate roadblocks and the lack of information in their healthcare journey

Advice for how “Seekers” can get started

Clinicians advice on facing unknowns to patients and how to navigate the healthcare system

Concerns about potential misinformation in patient and caregiver-led groups

Data on patients self-regulating and accuracy of reports

Turning to online sources such as “Dr. Google” or patient-led groups for information

Where will this revolution take us in the next 5-10 years? Begin the learning journey in Part 1 of this series.
Analisis Penggunaan Flashcard Berbasis Digital untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Reseptif Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Elan Elan , Gandana Gilar , Fauziah Dinny Eka
Published: February 2024

Latar belakang penelitian ini yaitu pentingnya meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa reseptif pada anak usia dini. Mengingat bahasa reseptif merupakan modal awal untuk anak dapat mengembangkan perkembangan bahasa lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan di KB Nurul Huda, ternyata belum menggunakannya media pembelajaran digital untuk meningkatkan kemampuan reseptif pada anak. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa reseptif pada anak, tentu saja harus ada media relevan yang dapat membantunya, yaitu salah satunya media flashcard berbasis digital yang bisa digunakan dimana dan kapan saja. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan di KB Nurul Huda dan guru kelas A2. Adapun analisis data kualitatif yang digunakan yaitu menurut Miles dan Huberman seperti: reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan media flashcard berbasis digital pada tema binatang bisa meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa reseptif pada anak usia dini. Kata kunci: anak usia dini, bahasa reseptif, flashcard digital
Prevalence and associations of psychological distress and alcohol use across ethnic groups using eight cross-sectional surveys in England
Authors: Puddephatt Jo-Anne , Onwumere Juliana , Gage Suzanne Helen , Coomber Ross , Das-Munshi Jayati , goodwin laura
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Differences in patterns of alcohol and mental health across ethnic groups are not well-understood. Using multiple secondary datasets, this study aimed to examine the i) prevalence and associations of alcohol use and binge-drinking across ethnic groups, ii) associations of alcohol use and binge-drinking with psychological distress across ethnic groups, and iii) pooled prevalence and associations for i) and ii) across multiple data sources. Design: A secondary analysis of eight representative surveys in England was conducted. Alcohol use was assessed using validated measures and categorised as i) non-, ii) low-risk, iii) increased-risk, and iv) binge-drinker. Psychological distress was assessed using validated measures. Ethnicity was categorised using the most specific categories available. Multinomial and logistic regression models were conducted to establish associations of alcohol use and psychological distress across ethnic groups. A meta-analysis was conducted to establish pooled associations of alcohol use and psychological distress across ethnic groups. Results: Across datasets, minority ethnic groups were more likely to be non-drinkers, and less likely to be increased-risk or binge-drinkers, compared to White British groups. Among ethnic groups experiencing psychological distress, White British groups were more likely to be a non-drinker, Indian groups were more likely to be an increased-risk drinker, and Black African groups and White British groups were more likely to be binge-drinkers, compared to those of the same ethnicity but without psychological distress. Conclusion: There were differences in the level of alcohol use between specific ethnic groups, such as Indian and Pakistani groups, despite these groups often being combined. Ethnic groups with the overall highest levels of drinking did not have the higher odds of increased-risk drinking when individuals experienced psychological distress.
Pre-implementation planning for a new personalised, dementia post-diagnostic support intervention: exploring the perspective of professional stakeholders.
Authors: Dar Ayesha , Budgett Jessica , Zabihi Sedigheh , Whitfield Elenyd , Lang Iain , Rapaport Penny , Heath Bronte , Ogden Margaret , Phillips Rosemary , Burton Alexandra , Butler Laurie , Wyman Danielle , Hoe Juanita , manthorpe jill , Morgan-Trimmer Sarah , Koutsoubelis Freya , Cooper Claudia
Published: February 2024

Background: Only a third of people with dementia receive both a diagnosis and post-diagnostic support. A new eight session, manualised, modular post-diagnostic support system (NIDUS (New Interventions for Independence in Dementia Study) – family), delivered remotely by non-clinical facilitators is the first scalable intervention to improve personalised goal attainment for people living with dementia. If widely translated into practice it could significantly improve care quality.Aims: We aimed to explore system-readiness for a scalable, personalised post-diagnostic support intervention.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with professionals from dementia care services; the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided interviews and their thematic analysis. Results: From 2022-23, we interviewed a purposive sample of 21 professionals from seven English NHS, health and social care services. We identified three themes: 1. Potential value of a personalised intervention: interviewees perceived the capacity for choice, supporting person-centred care and delivery by non-clinical facilitators as relative advantages over existing resources. 2. Compatibility and deliverability with existing systems: the NIDUS-family intervention model was perceived as compatible with service goals and clients’ needs, but current service infrastructures, financing and commissioning briefs constraining resources to those at greatest need as barriers to providing universal, post-diagnostic care. 3. Fit with current workforce skills: The intervention model aligned well with staff development plans and national policy to upskill support workers. Conclusion: Translating evidence for scalable and effective post-diagnostic care into practice will support national policies to widen access to support, but require a greater focus on prevention in commissioning briefs and resource planning.
Intact Habit Learning in Work Addiction
Authors: Pesthy Zsuzsanna Viktória , Berta Krisztina , Vékony Teodóra , Nemeth Dezso , Kun Bernadette
Published: February 2024

Work addiction (WA) is characterized by compulsive and inflexible behavior patterns that detrimentally affect the individual's health and functioning. While prior studies have indicated an overreliance on habit learning in various addictions, this study is the first to examine its role in WA. 101 adults were categorized into low-risk and high-risk groups for WA based on their scores on the Work Addiction Risk Test. We used an implicit statistical learning task designed to assess habit learning through the implicit acquisition of structured patterns characterized by alternating sequences. No significant differences were observed between the groups, both in terms of accuracy and reaction time. These findings suggests that individuals with WA exhibit intact habit learning, indicating that their compulsive work behavior may not solely stem from habitual processes. This highlights the unique features of WA compared to other addictions, potentially contributing to the relatively better overall functioning observed in affected individuals.
What would Plato say? Concepts and notions from Greek philosophy applied to gamification mechanics for a meaningful and ethical gamification
Authors: Karpouzis Kostas
Published: February 2024

Gamification, the integration of game mechanics in non-game settings, has become increasingly prevalent in various digital platforms; however, its ethical and societal impacts are often overlooked. This paper delves into how Platonic and Aristotelian philosophies can provide a critical framework for understanding and evaluating the ethical dimensions of gamification. Plato's allegory of the cave and theory of forms are used to analyse the perception of reality in gamified environments, questioning their authenticity and the value of virtual achievements, while Aristotle's virtue ethics, with its emphasis on moderation, virtue, and eudaimonia (true and full happiness), can help assess how gamification influences user behaviour and ethical decision-making. The paper critically examines various gamification elements, such as the hero's journey, altruistic actions, badge levels, and user autonomy, through these philosophical lenses, and addresses the ethical responsibilities of gamification designers, advocating for a balanced approach that prioritizes user well-being and ethical development over commercial interests. By bridging ancient philosophical insights with modern digital culture, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the ethical implications of gamification, emphasizing the need for responsible and virtuous design in digital applications.