bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK – PAIR – SHARE ( TPS ) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 4 BINJAI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Wirevenska Ice
Published: March 2020

Masalah yang terlihat dalam penelitian ini yaitu 1) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMPN 4 Binjai masih tergolong rendah; 2) Siswa tidak mampu mengemukakan pendapatnya; dan 3) Model pembelajaran yang digunakan belum sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think – Pair – Share (TPS) terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Binjai tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini laksanakan SMP Negeri 4 Binjai jalan Bejomuna Kel.Timbang Langkat di Kelas VIII Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experimental), sampel yang di ambil dalam penelitian ini dengan cara simple random sampling, dengan unit samplingnya adalah kelas VIII1, VIII2, VIII3 danVIII4. Pada penelitian ini, terpilih kelas VIII2 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas VIII4 sebagai kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah sampel 60 siswa. Kelompok eksperimen akan diberikan perlakuan berupa pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS (Think-Pair-Share) sedangkan kelompok kontrol akan diberikan pembelajaran konvensional. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa. Tes digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang terdiri lima butir soal. Data yang diperoleh terdiri dari nilai kognitif pemahaman konsep matematika. Data awal tersebut berupa nilai tes kemampuan awal yaitu nilai matematika pretest dan nilai tes akhir pada materi aljabar yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji kesamaandua rata-rata dan uji hipotesis. Berdasarkan perhitungan terlihat bahwa rhitung > rtabel (5,00 > 4,13). Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji t bahwa thitung > ttabel (6,488 > 1,665) maka hipotesis Ha diterima,  sehingga terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think – Pair – Share ( TPS ) terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Binjai Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PKN DENGAN MENERAPKAN PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL OLEH SISWA KELAS XI SMK PELITA HAMPARAN PERAK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017/2018
Authors: Sembiring Muhlis Fahdiar
Published: March 2020

Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) sering dianggap sebagai pembelajaran yang bersifat normatif sehingga dianggap tidak menarik dan membosankan. Padahal pelajaran PKn merupakan pelajaran penting dalam membelajarkan siswa untuk menjadi warga negara yang baik serta mengembangkan dan melestarikan nilai luhur dan moral sehingga nantinya dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk perilaku kehidupan sehari-hari. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya perbaikan yang harus dilakukan guru dalam pola pengajarannya. Salah satunya adalah dengan menerapkan strategi belajar yang menarik. Salah satu pembelajaran yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual. Adapun tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam kegiatan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar PKn dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMK Pelita Hamparan Perak tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMK Pelita Hamparan Perak Kab. Deli Serdang. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 siswa, sedangkan subjek yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa. Aktivitas guru dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual dalam mengajar pada siklus I menunjukan berkategori baik dan pada siklus II naik menjadi sangat baik.Aktivitas siswa dengan diterapkan pembelajaran kontekstual dalam mengajar pada siklus I menunjukan berkategori baik dan pada siklus II naik menjadi sangat baik. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh nilai rata-rata pada siklus I sebesar 65 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 66,67% sedangkan pada siklus II memperoleh nila rata-rata sebesar 81 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 100%. Hal ini menunjukan terjadi perubahan yang baik dari hasil tes siklus I ke tes siklus II. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar PKn dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMK Pelita Hamparan Perak tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Kata Kunci : hasil belajar, pembelajaran kontekstual
HUBUNGAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN ESA PRAKARSA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Harahap Intan Permata Sari , Angin Arsip Perangin , Hasanah Nurul
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan nilai pancasila terhadap pembentukan  karakter siswa kelas VIII di SMP  yayasan pendidikan Esa Prakarsa tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII  SMP Esa Prakarsa  tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 sebanyak 79 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diketahui terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel pemahaman nilai-nilai Pancasila dengan pembentukan karakter siswa SMP Esa Prakarsa. Nilai pearson correlation atau nilai r hitung sebesar 0,642, artinya ada hubungan yang positif dan sangat kuat antara pemahaman nilai-nilai Pancasila dengan pembentukan karakter siswa.
HUBUNGAN SIKAP DALAM UPACARA BENDERA DENGAN RASA NASIONALISME DALAM PELAJARAN PPKn PADASISWA KELAS X SMK PELITA HAMPARAN PERAK TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Suhada M. , Angin Arsip Perangin
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  hubungan upacara  bendera dengan rasa nasionalisme  pada mata pelajaran PPKn   tauhn pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini   dilakukan di SMK  Pelita Bulu Cina. Adapun populasi  dalam penelitian ini  adalah kelas X  yang berjumlah 60 siswa.  Penelitian  ini menggunakan  jenis penelitian   kuantitatif.  Instrumen penelitian  yang digunakan adalah  angket. Dengan adanya  upacara bendera  diharapkan  cinta tanah  air  pada peserta didik dapat terbentuk  dan menjadikan bangsa yang berakhlak  mulia, bermoral, beretika,  berbudaya, beradab berdasarkan  Pancasila  sehingga menjadikan bangsa yang berkarakter.  Dapat disimpulkan  bahwaHasil penelitian sebanyak 60 siswa yang mempunyai tingkat hubungan yang cukup baik atau sedang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk memperoleh hubungan upacara bendera lebih dari cukup diperlukan rasa Nasionalisme yang tinggi. Dari hasil thitung  sebesar 2,45 > ttabel = 1,71).  Yang berarti ada hubungan yang signifikan antara upacara bendera dengan rasa Nasionalisme siswa pada pelajaran PKn. Ini berarti bahwa hubungan upacara dengan nasionalisme yang baik selain adanya rasa nasionalisme yang cukup, baik dan sangat baik, juga didukung oleh adanya disiplin sekolah yang ketat dan konsisten, dan perilaku yang baik.
Ukrainian World Tribune
Authors: Lazebnyk Stanislav
Published: March 2020

The article refers to the World Congress of Free Ukrainians (WCFU), founded in New York in November 1967. The WCFU united 150 Ukrainian public, political and faith-based organizations. The elected Presidium of the Congress established special committees, which began to work on the coordination of Ukrainian organizations in the West regarding the provision of assistance to Ukrainian refugees and communities in the Americas, Western Europe and Australia, protection of human rights and of political prisoners of Ukrainian descent in the USSR, development of Ukrainian education and culture in the expatriate environment, etc.
The WCFU opened its information office at the UN, which brought to the attention of diplomats from different countries the facts about the struggle of the Congress for an independent Ukraine, information about Ukrainian political prisoners, the russification process in Ukraine and Holodomor of 1932–1933. Owing to this effective influence, Canada, with its powerful and numerous Ukrainian community, was the first in the Western world to recognize the independence of Ukraine. In 1991, the WCFU organized a mass demonstration in front of the White House in Washington for the recognition of the young Ukrainian state.
In December of the same year, the Congress, together with the Ukrainian World Foundation, announced the creation of the Ukrainian Reconstruction Fund. Since then, this organization has gradually become one of the consistent lobbyists of Ukraine’s national interests in the world. Having changed its name to the Ukrainian World Congress (UWC), it is constantly engaged in the establishment of a positive international image of Ukraine, promotion of its rich historical heritage as well as compelling changes in its society. At the same time, in the circles of this international association there is a certain disappointment with the social and economic situation in Ukraine and lack of real results in the fight against corruption. However, the UWC seeks to contribute to the further development of the historical homeland. Today UWC has an extensive network of constituent organizations and maintains relations with Ukrainian communities in 61 countries.
Keywords: WCFU, Ukrainian World Congress, New York, Canada, historical homeland.
Ukrainians are the Closest People to Me
Authors: Oghli Sardar Mohammad Rahman
Published: March 2020

The author reveals that Ukrainians are the closest people to him, since some important events in his life are related to Ukraine (obtaining higher education). The article describes the professional and diplomatic path of the author, characterises the circumstances of his rise as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan to Ukraine, and aspiration to forge good-neighbourly relations between Ukraine and Afghanistan.
The article also provides information on the structure and peculiarities of the diplomatic mission with a focus on over 15,000 Afghanistan-born Ukrainians resident in Ukraine, which accounts for the operation of the consular office of the embassy. It also outlines interesting facts about specificity of gender politics in Afghanistan. It is constitutionally enshrined that 30 percent of all deputies shall be women. Four out of 25 ministerial portfolios are currently held by women, which the author applauds, since he has no doubt that women’s experience and ideas are invaluable and must be taken into account in policy-making and public administration processes.
The author narrates about bilateral cooperation at high official levels. For instance, there were held several visits of Ukrainian people’s deputies to Afghanistan; in turn, a delegation of nine Afghani ministers and deputy ministers paid a reciprocal visit to Ukraine. The article stresses that Afghanistan highly appreciates Ukrainian experience. Many Ukrainians in Afghanistan work at the NATO mission or in organisations engaged in building roads and hydroelectric power plants. The author lays emphasis on the fact that dozens of Ukrainians obtain visas for employment in Afghanistan every month.
Special attention is drawn to certain aspects of the history of Afghanistan, namely the heroic upholding of state independence and struggle against foreign invaders. The author stresses the peculiarities of Ukrainian mindset, his affection to and respect for Ukraine.
The Ambassador makes a conclusion that the development of bilateral cooperation will allow strengthening the positions of the two states on the international arena. On behalf of Afghanistan, he voices his support for Ukraine and entertains hopes that the terrible war in Ukrainian territory will soon be over.
Key words: Afghanistan, Ukraine, cooperation, Ukrainians in Afghanistan, diplomacy, official visits.
Ukraine–Greece Cooperation: Imbued with Common History and Vision
Authors: Poukamissas Georgios
Published: March 2020

In the interview, Georgios Poukamissas, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Hellenic Republic to Ukraine, provides answers to topical questions in relations between Ukraine and Greece.
Mention is made of the linkages of Greece with Ukrainian lands tracing back many centuries, from antiquity to nowadays. Tangible evidence of that are the cities constructed by Greeks in the territory of modern Ukraine. Thus, the Embassy of Greece in Ukraine keeps a vigilant eye on the life of the Greek expatriate community, the majority of which lives on the outskirts of Mariupol. It is specified that the Greeks of Mariupol are rather natives than part of the diaspora, since they are the direct descendants of Crimea (Tavryda) residents from the Middle Ages. Another important fact is that Greece has opened two Consulates-General in Ukraine.
It is stressed that Ukraine has to stay committed to its historical and cultural heritage, which will contribute to the development of the tourist sphere of Ukraine. Meanwhile, it is mentioned that the Embassy of Greece made major efforts to rejuvenate Byzantine studies in Ukraine. The interview states that economic cooperation between Ukraine and Greece is in need of more initiatives. The volume of bilateral trade of €500 million per year is a far cry from the desirable result; thus, the states have to do their best to improve it.
It is said that Mr Ambassador is proud of the achievements Ukraine has achieved in democracy. The developments of 2019 have confirmed that the democratic spirit of Europe is growing ever stronger. Mr Ambassador goes back to Athens but he will miss Kyiv, the true gem of history and architecture. He will also miss the beauty of many other Ukrainian cities and kindness of Ukrainian people, but his heart will bear sweet memories about Ukrainian valleys, boundless plains, and huge heaps of snow in winter.
Key words: Greece, tourism, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Greek diaspora, interstate relations.
Perangkat Visualisasi Interaktif Sebagai Media Terapi, Alat Bantu Komunikasi, dan Pembelajaran Bagi Penderita Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Fuad Evans
Published: March 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder merupakan suatu gangguan perkembangan secara menyeluruh yang mengakibatkan hambatan dalam kemampuan sosialisasi, komunikasi, dan juga perilaku. Area utama gangguan yang dialami pasien Autisme adalah gangguan dalam bidang interaksi sosial, gangguan dalam bidang komunikasi (verbal–non verbal), gangguan dalam bidang perilaku, gangguan dalam bidang perasaan dan emosi, dan gangguan dalam bidang persepsi-sensorik, serta minat berulang. Sebagian besar penelitian menemukan bahwa mayoritas individu dengan Autisme (75%) cacat intelektual, dengan kira-kira setengah dalam kisaran retardasi mental ringan hingga sedang, dan setengah dalam rentang yang berat sampai sangat dalam[1]. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangun sebuah aplikasi mobile sebagai alat bantu (tools) komunikasi, pembelajaran dan terapi yang dirancang menggunakan metode Augmentative and Alternative Communication, yang dapat digunakan pihak pendidik maupun orang tua, serta pasien Autisme dengan gangguan komunikasi, untuk dapat diterapkan sebagai salah satu tools dalam menunjang dan mengoptimalkan komunikasi dan metode terapi demi terwujudnya kemandirian
Maze Maneuvering and Colored Object Tracking for Differential Drive Mobile Robot
Authors: Aldair Ammar , Al-Mayyahi Auday
Published: March 2020

In maze maneuvering, it is needed for a mobile robot to feasibly plan the shortest path from its initial posture to the desired destination in a given environment. To achieve that, the mobile robot is combined with multiple distance sensors to assist the navigation while avoiding obstructing obstacles and following the shortest path toward the target. Additionally, a vision sensor is used to detect and track colored objects. A new algorithm is proposed based on different type of utilized sensors to aid the maneuvering of differential drive mobile robot in an unknown environment. In the proposed algorithm, the robot has the ability to traverse surrounding hindrances and seek for a particular object based on its color. Six infrared sensors are used to detect any located obstacles and one color detection sensor is used to locate the colored object. The Mobile Robotics Simulation Toolbox in Matlab is used to test the proposed algorithm. Three different scenarios are studied to prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that the mobile robot has successfully accomplished the tracking and locating of a colored object without collision with hurdles.
DAMPAK SOSIAL KEBERADAAN INDUSTRI TERHADAP MASYARAKAT SEKITAR KAWASAN INDUSTRI CILEGON
Authors: Rahayuningsih Yunia
Published: March 2020

Industrialisasi merupakan salah satu bentuk pendorong menuju modernisasi yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat. Perubahan pembangunan yang pesat akibat industri selain akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, juga akan berdampak langsung padakehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat setempat. Seperti dua sisi mata uang logam yang berbeda, memiliki dampak positif dan negatif tertentu bagi masyarakat sekitar. Oleh karena itu, perkembangan kawasan industri harus memperhitungkan dampaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendapatkan gambaran terkait potensi dan sumberdaya masyarakat sekitar kawasan industri; 2) mendapatkan gambaran mengenai dampak positif dan negatif keberadaan industri terhadap masyarakat sekitar kawasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methode, dan pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Kota Cilegon memiliki kekuatan sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia yang potensial menunjang pembangunan sosial ekonomi wilayahnya dalam mencapai kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitarnya; 2) dampak positif kawasan industri diantaranya mengurangi pengangguran, terbuka peluang usaha, kesempatan kerja, dan peningkatan kualitas kesejahteraan masyarakat. Sedangkan dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan antara lain lingkungan tercemar, kemacetan lalu lintas, terjadinya kasus-kasus kriminal, menimbulkan kesenjangan, masyarakat bergaya konsumtif, dan pergeseran nilai-nilai luhur budaya masyarakat setempat.
POTENSI PESISIR UTARA BANTEN SEBAGAI PENGHASIL GARAM
Authors: Anggraini Yusniah , Munandar Aris
Published: March 2020

Ketimpangan antara luasan lahan potensial dibandingkan dengan lahan yang telah dimanfaatkan merupakan peluang untuk peningkatan produksi garam melalui perluasan tambak garam di Indonesia. Selain peluang, berbagai masalah yang teridentifikasi dalam upaya pencapaian swasembada garam adalah rendahnya produktivitas lahan yang terkait dengan kurangnya pengembangan teknologi, sumberdaya manusia, penyediaan sarana dan prasarana produksi garam,serta aspek tata niaga. Hal yang lebih penting lagi, diperlukan ketersediaan data yang valid untuk dapat menentukan angka kebutuhan garam yang sebenarnya (riil), baik untuk kebutuhan konsumsi rumah tangga maupun industri. Hal ini terkait dengan kuantitas garam yang harus tersedia agar swasembada garam dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan wilayah untuk menjadi sumber penghasil garam dan inovasi teknologi dalam pembuatan garam di Provinsi Banten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah perairan utara Provinsi Banten memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan produksi garam. Potensi tersebut ditunjukkan dari hasil pengujian kualitas air dan kajian wilayahnya terutama tambak-tambak yang sudah idle.Pengembangan produksi garam di Provinsi Banten perlu diberikan sentuhan inovasi teknologi agar dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas garam yang dihasilkan baik dan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Inovasi teknologi yang sesuai dengan wilayah Banten adalah produksi garam dengan sistem termal dan Teknologi Ulir Filter (TUF). Selain itu, pengolahan limbah dari produksi garam juga dilakukan melalui teknologi Bittern yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku industri.
Simulium reptans (Linnaeus, 1758) and Simulium reptantoides Carlsson, 1962 from the Balkan Peninsula
Authors: Đuknić Jelena , Jovanović Vladimir M. , Čanak Atlagić Jelena , Andjus Stefan , Paunović Momir , Živić Ivana , Popović Nataša
Published: March 2020

Simulium reptans(Linnaeus, 1758) andSimulium reptantoidesCarlsson, 1962 are two species of theSimulium reptansgroup whose distribution is unclear because of their confusing taxonomy and systematics. Their genetic variability is well known for populations in northern and central Europe and shows that both species have two forms; however, the genetic variability of these species in southern and eastern Europe is unknown. To identify the status of these two species in southeast Europe, mtDNA was extracted from 19 individuals from 12 localities across the Balkan Peninsula. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of two species with 7.38–7.94% divergence. Each species was comprised of two clades, with 2.31% and 1.43% interclade divergence forS. reptansandS. reptantoides, respectively. This study revealed the presence of both species across the Balkans and thatS. reptansoccurs in this area in only one form (S. reptansB), whileS. reptantoidesis found in two genetic forms (A and B).
Decoupling of cubic polynomial matrix systems
Authors: Yu Peizhao , Zhang Guoshan , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2020

The decoupling of polynomial matrix system is to diagonalize its system matrix. In this paper, decoupling problems for cubic polynomial matrix system are considered. The decoupling conditions for a class of cubic polynomial matrix systems are derived under strict equivalence transformation. By using linearization, isospectral decoupling method for cubic polynomial matrix system is proposed. To be specific, necessary and sufficient conditions of isospectral diagonalization for nonsingular cubic polynomial matrix are given. These results are extended to singular cubic polynomial matrix. Solving processes are given to obtain isospectral diagonal cubic polynomial matrix for nonsingular and singular cases. Finally, illustrating examples are provided to verify the main results.
Improving whale optimization algorithm for feature selection with a time-varying transfer function
Authors: Kahya Mohammed Abdulrazaq , Altamir Suhaib Abduljabbar , Algamal Zakariya Yahya
Published: March 2020

Feature selection is a valuable tool in supervised machine learning research fields, such as pattern recognition or classification problems. Feature selection used to eliminate irrelevant and noise features that adversely affect results. Swarm algorithms are usually used in feature selection problem; these algorithms need transfer functions that change search space from continuous to the discrete. However, transfer functions are the backbone of all binary swarm algorithms. Transfer functions in the current formula cannot provide binary swarm algorithms with a fit balance between exploration and exploitation stages. In this work, a feature selection approach based on the binary whale optimization algorithm with different kinds of updating techniques for the time-varying transfer functions is proposed. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, three of each chemical and biological binary datasets are used. The results proved that BWOA-TV2 has consistency in feature selection and it gives rise to the high accuracy of the classification with more congruent in the convergence. It worth mentioning that the proposed method is proved advance in performance over competitor optimization algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and firefly optimization (FO) that commonly used in this field.
Pregnancy and Chagas Disease: Benznidazole’s Impact on Pregnancy and Newborns: A Report of Four Cases
Authors: Vázquez Cristina , García-Vázquez Elisa , Carrilero Bartolomé , Simón Marina , Franco Fuensanta , Iborra Maria A. , Gil-Gallardo Luis J. , Segovia Manuel
Published: March 2020

In recent decades and because of migration, Chagas disease has become a global public health problem. A significant focus has been placed on pregnant women who can transmit the disease to their offspring. Here, we report four cases of women who did not know that they were pregnant while they were being treated with benznidazole. A diagnosis was established according to serology and Trypanosoma cruzi polymerase chain reaction (PCR)–standardized tests. Treatment was discontinued when pregnancy was confirmed, and a thorough follow-up was carried out. Although each case was different, none of the mothers developed health problems during pregnancy, and their newborns were delivered without any teratogenic effects.
Improving Well-Being Among Trainees: A Partnership to Reduce Barriers to Primary Care Services
Authors: Tan Christelle , Kuhn Catherine , Anderson John , Borun Alexander , Turner David A. , Whalen Krista , Shah Kevin
Published: March 2020

Background

Improved well-being is a focus for graduate medical education (GME) programs. Residents and fellows often express difficulty with visiting primary care physicians, and this issue has not been thoroughly investigated.

Objective

We reported implementation and utilization of a primary care concierge scheduling service and a primary care video visit service for GME trainees.

Methods

GME leaders collaborated with Duke Primary Care to offer trainees a concierge scheduling service and opportunity for primary care video visits. This quantitative evaluation included (1) analysis of the institutional GME survey results pre- and post-intervention, and (2) review of use of the concierge scheduling line.

Results

Comparison of the 2018 and 2019 internal GME surveys showed a decrease in perceived barriers accessing primary care (58% to 31%, P < .0001), a decrease in perceived delays to access primary care (27% to 21%, P = .023), and an increase in respondents who reported needing health care services in the past year (37% to 62%, P < .0001). Although increased need for health services was reported, there was no difference in the proportion reporting use of health services (63% and 65%, P = .43). Of the 142 concierge line calls reviewed, 127 (87%) callers requested clinic appointments, and 15 (10%) callers requested video appointments. Of callers requesting clinic appointments, 99 (80%) were scheduled.

Conclusions

Providing resources to connect trainees to primary care greatly reduces their perception of barriers to health care and may provide a convenient mechanism to schedule flexible primary care appointments.
Climate change denial as far-right politics: How abandonment of scientific method paved the way for Trump
Authors: Byrne Gavin
Published: March 2020

In this article I show that the form of argument put forward by the climate change denial movement in the United States (US) closely resembles that used in Nazi Germany with regard to Nazi racial definitions. Each involves a rejection of scientific method. This rejection inherently lends itself to far-right politics, which is a philosophy of prejudice. The prevalence of such a philosophy in contemporary American political culture, exemplified through climate change denial, has arguably opened the door for a president of Trump's type. Nevertheless, the US Constitution is far more difficult to suspend than that of the Weimar Republic. As a result, US institutional safeguards against a philosophy of prejudice are likely to hold against a short-term assault on environmental justice in a way that the Weimar Republic's constitutional order did not against Nazism's assault on civil rights. The greater threat to environmental protection in the contemporary US situation is the slow erosion of democratic norms by the Trump administration.
Characterization of the radiative impact of aerosols on CO2 and energy fluxes in the Amazon deforestation arch using artificial neural networks
Authors: Braghiere Renato Kerches , Yamasoe Marcia Akemi , Évora do Rosário Nilton Manuel , Ribeiro da Rocha Humberto , de Souza Nogueira José , de Araújo Alessandro Carioca
Published: March 2020

Abstract. In vegetation canopies with complex architectures,
diffuse solar radiation can enhance carbon assimilation through
photosynthesis because isotropic light is able to reach deeper layers of the
canopy. Although this effect has been studied in the past decade, the
mechanisms and impacts of this enhancement over South America remain poorly
understood. Over the Amazon deforestation arch large amounts of aerosols are
released into the atmosphere due to biomass burning, which provides an ideal
scenario for further investigation of this phenomenon in the presence of
canopies with complex architecture. In this paper, the relation of aerosol
optical depth and surface fluxes of mass and energy are evaluated over three
study sites with artificial neural networks and radiative transfer modeling.
Results indicate a significant effect of the aerosol on the flux of carbon
dioxide between the vegetation and the atmosphere, as well as on energy
exchange, including that surface fluxes are sensitive to second-order
radiative impacts of aerosols on temperature, humidity, and friction
velocity. CO2 exchanges increased in the presence of aerosol in up to
55 % in sites with complex canopy architecture. A decrease of
approximately 12 % was observed for a site with shorter vegetation. Energy
fluxes were negatively impacted by aerosols over all study sites.
Short communication: A semiautomated method for bulk fault slip analysis from topographic scarp profiles
Authors: Wolfe Franklin D. , Stahl Timothy A. , Villamor Pilar , Lukovic Biljana
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Manual approaches for analyzing fault scarps in the field or with
existing software can be tedious and time-consuming. Here, we
introduce an open-source, semiautomated, Python-based graphical user
interface (GUI) called the Monte Carlo Slip Statistics Toolkit (MCSST)
for estimating dip slip on individual or bulk fault datasets that (1)
makes the analysis of a large number of profiles much faster, (2)
allows users with little or no coding skills to implement the
necessary statistical techniques, (3) and provides geologists with a platform to incorporate their observations or expertise into the
process. Using this toolkit, profiles are defined across fault scarps
in high-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), and then relevant
fault scarp components are interactively identified (e.g., footwall,
hanging wall, and scarp). Displacement statistics are calculated
automatically using Monte Carlo simulation and can be conveniently
visualized in geographic information systems (GISs) for spatial
analysis. Fault slip rates can also be calculated when ages of
footwall and hanging wall surfaces are known, allowing for temporal
analysis. This method allows for the analysis of tens to hundreds of
faults in rapid succession within GIS and a Python coding
environment. Application of this method may contribute to a wide range
of regional and local earthquake geology studies with adequate
high-resolution DEM coverage, enabling both regional fault source
characterization for seismic hazard and/or estimating geologic slip
and strain rates, including creating long-term deformation
maps. ArcGIS versions of these functions are available, as well as
ones that utilize free, open-source Quantum GIS (QGIS) and Jupyter
Notebook Python software.
FALL3D-8.0: a computational model for atmospheric transport and deposition of particles, aerosols and radionuclides – Part 1: Model physics and numerics
Authors: Folch Arnau , Mingari Leonardo , Gutierrez Natalia , Hanzich Mauricio , Macedonio Giovanni , Costa Antonio
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This paper presents FALL3D-8.0, the last version release of an open-source code with 15+ years of track record and a growing number of users in the volcanological and atmospheric communities. The code has been redesigned and rewritten from scratch in the framework of the EU Centre of Excellence for Exascale in Solid Earth (ChEESE) in order to overcome legacy issues and allow for successive optimisations in the preparation of the code towards extreme-scale computing. However, this baseline version already contains substantial improvements in terms of model physics, solving algorithms, and code accuracy and performance. The code, originally conceived for atmospheric dispersal and deposition of tephra particles, has been extended to model other types of particles, aerosols and radionuclides. The solving strategy has also been changed, replacing the former central-difference scheme for a high-resolution central-upwind scheme derived from finite volumes, which minimises numerical diffusion even in the presence of sharp concentration gradients and discontinuities. The parallelisation strategy, input/output (I/O), model pre-process workflows and memory management have also been reconsidered, leading to substantial improvements on code scalability, efficiency and overall capability to handle much larger problems. All these new features and improvements have implications on operational model performance and allow, among others, adding data assimilation and ensemble forecast in future releases. This paper details the FALL3D-8.0 model physics and the numerical implementation of the code.
Spatial and temporal analysis of extreme storm-tide and skew-surge events around the coastline of New Zealand
Authors: Stephens Scott A. , Bell Robert G. , Haigh Ivan D.
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Coastal flooding is a major global hazard, yet few
studies have examined the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme
sea level and associated coastal flooding. Here we analyse sea-level records
around the coast of New Zealand (NZ) to quantify extreme storm-tide and
skew-surge frequency and magnitude. We identify the relative magnitude of
sea-level components contributing to 85 extreme sea level and 135 extreme
skew-surge events recorded in NZ since 1900. We then examine the spatial and
temporal clustering of these extreme storm-tide and skew-surge events and
identify typical storm tracks and weather types associated with the spatial
clusters of extreme events. We find that most extreme storm tides were
driven by moderate skew surges combined with high perigean spring tides. The
spring–neap tidal cycle, coupled with a moderate surge climatology,
prevents successive extreme storm-tide events from happening within 4–10 d of each other, and generally there are at least 10 d between extreme
storm-tide events. This is similar to findings from the UK (Haigh et al.,
2016), despite NZ having smaller tides. Extreme events more commonly
impacted the east coast of the North Island of NZ during blocking weather
types, and the South Island and west coast of the North Island during trough
weather types. The seasonal distribution of both extreme storm-tide and
skew-surge events closely follows the seasonal pattern of mean sea-level
anomaly (MSLA) – MSLA was positive in 92 % of all extreme storm-tide events and
in 88 % of all extreme skew-surge events. The strong influence of
low-amplitude (−0.06 to 0.28 m) MSLA on the timing of extreme events shows
that mean sea-level rise (SLR) of similarly small height will drive rapid
increases in the frequency of presently rare extreme sea levels. These
findings have important implications for flood management, emergency
response and the insurance sector, because impacts and losses may be
correlated in space and time.
Constructing Fast and Representative Analytical Models of Wind Turbine
Main-Bearings
Authors: Stirling James , Hart Edward , Kazemi Amiri Abbas
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This paper considers the modelling of wind turbine main bearings using analytical models. The validity of simplified analytical representations used in existing work is explored by comparing main bearing force reactions with those obtained from higher fidelity 3D finite element models. Results indicate that there is good agreement between the analytical and 3D models in the case of a non moment-reacting case (such as for a spherical roller bearing), but, the same does not hold in the moment reacting case (such as for tapered roller bearings). Therefore, a new analytical model is developed in which moment reactions at the main bearing are captured through the addition of torsional springs. This latter model is shown to improve the agreement between analytical and 3D models in the moment reacting case. The new analytical model is then used to investigate load characteristics, in terms of forces and moments, for this type of main bearing across different operating points and wind conditions.
Learning Strategies Instruction in CLIL Textbooks and Teacher-Authored Materials: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Menegale Marcella
Published: March 2020

The aim of the study here presented was to understand to what extent CLIL materials are oriented towards the development of learning strategies (cognitive, metacognitive and socio-affective strategies). This was done through the analysis of teaching materials of different content subject areas for primary and secondary school levels. A qualitative approach was adopted to compare learning units taken from commercial CLIL textbooks alongside self-authored materials created by CLIL teachers for their classes. A set of informative data was gathered to detect which strategies were most developed, whether any relevant differences between the materials analysed could be spotted, and whether strategy instruction was implicit or explicit. Main findings show that the types of strategies found in CLIL materials are very similar to those applied in second and foreign language learning environments and, although no significant differences have been spotted between textbooks and self-authored materials as to strategy instruction, the data has provided some interesting insights which deserve further exploration. It is hoped that the work will shed some light on practices of effective integration of learning strategies in CLIL teaching.
The Problematic Pilgrim: Rethinking Margery's Pilgrim Identity in The Book of Margery Kempe
Authors: Bailey Anne E.
Published: March 2020

Along with Chaucer's Wife of Bath, Margery Kempe is the best known female pilgrim in late medieval England. However, The Book of Margery Kempe portrays its pious protagonist as a radically different kind of pilgrim from that of Chaucer's fun-loving Alisoun, who represents a fairly damning critique of female pilgrimage in the late Middle Ages. This article reassesses Margery's pilgrim identity, particularly in the light of fifteenth-century criticism of female pilgrimage. Focusing on Margery's narrative persona, it argues that the pilgrim label given to Margery by scholars is not one intended by the author herself. Close examination reveals that Margery's travel motivations, journey destinations, and religious activities place her outside normative pilgrimage practices. Given her lofty spiritual aspirations and her identification with saintly role models, the article also asks whether Margery even envisaged herself as a pilgrim at all.
La Salle's Claim and the Ohio River Valley
Authors: Gross Richard
Published: March 2020

The 1754 incident precipitating the French and Indian War took place over a disputed claim between France and England for the Ohio River Valley. A young George Washington commanded a Virginia militia company to the Forks of the Ohio at the site of present-day Pittsburgh. The French duly rousted him and his men. The French had established Fort Duquesne, the latest in a series of forts on the Allegheny River built by them to protect their claim. They based their authority on the 1669 discovery of the Ohio River by an obscure former Jesuit priest, Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle. In the absence of a Procèss Verbal documenting his discovery, the legitimacy of France's claim has long been disputed. New research and insights into somewhat confusing primary sources bear out La Salle's discovery and the primacy of France's claim.
Bethlehem Steel: The Rise and Fall of an Industrial Titan
Authors: Roth Jacob
Published: March 2020

Bethlehem Steel's success was not destined to last forever. Due to a combination of poor business management, labor strikes, and a general transition away from traditional steel manufacturing in the United States, the Bethlehem Steel Corporation fell into a period of decline in the late 1970s from which it never recovered. It filed for bankruptcy in 2001, marking the end of an industrial titan significant to American steel making and to the lives of the people who built and maintained it for decades.
Chronostratigraphy, Site Formation, and Palaeoenvironmental Context of Late Pleistocene and Holocene Occupations at Grassridge Rock Shelter (Eastern Cape, South Africa)
Authors: Ames Christopher J. H. , Gliganic Luke , Cordova Carlos E. , Boyd Kelsey , Jones Brian G. , Maher Lisa , Collins B. R.
Published: March 2020

Grassridge rock shelter is located in the high elevation grassland foothills of the Stormberg Mountains in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. This places Grassridge at an important biogeoclimatic intersection between the Drakensberg Mountains, the South African coastal zone, and the interior arid lands of southern Africa. First excavated in 1979, the approximately 1.5 m stratigraphic sequence was divided into two major occupational components: a 50–70 cm thick Later Stone Age component dating between 7–6 ka and an underlying 50–80 cm thick Middle Stone Age component dated to 36 ka at the base. Here we present a reanalysis of the Grassridge stratigraphic sequence that combines new optically stimulated luminescence and radiocarbon age estimates with sedimentological and microbotanical analyses to evaluate site formation processes and the palaeoenvironmental context of human occupations. Results indicate a complex history of geogenic, anthropogenic, and biogenic inputs to the depositional sequence that are interspersed with pulsed human occupation from 43–28 ka, 13.5–11.6 ka, and 7.3–6.8 ka. Microbotanical remains indicate a cooler, drier grassland environment in MIS 3 that transitions to a warmer, moister grassland environment dominated by summer rainfall in the middle of MIS 1. The pulsed occupational sequence identified at Grassridge is characteristic of the Pleistocene and Holocene record across the greater high elevation grassland region of South Africa, which, based on comparison with other currently available evidence, seems linked to a complex system of forager mobility entwined with rapidly fluctuating palaeoenvironments across the last glacial to interglacial transition.
Application of Cohesion Theory in Reading Comprehension of CET-4
Authors: Fu Chunxia
Published: March 2020

Cohesion Theory of Halliday and Hasan has been widely applied in different parts of language teaching. As many cohesive devices are used in language, it’s very necessary for language learners to understand and identify those devices. Now in China, a large number of college students have to take part in the CET-4 test every year. Thus, it is of great significance that some effective strategies can be applied in the test and help more students pass the test easily. Cohesion Theory and cohesive devices may be such strategies and they are important for the improvement of reading comprehension of CET-4. This article is aiming to use the CET-4 test papers in June 2019 as examples to illustrate that Cohesion Theory can be applied in reading comprehension of CET-4 with great effectiveness.
Do Socially Conscious ETFs Match Their Active Counterparts?
Authors: Cultice Ryan , Dolvin Steven
Published: March 2020

Over the past decade, Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) has grown at a rapid pace and, by some estimates, now represents a quarter of the $48 trillion in assets under professional management in the United States. At the same time, investors have broadly shifted from active to passive investing strategies. While there is significant research in each of these respective areas, we believe that we are the first to examine whether a socially conscious investor can employ a passive approach or if the constrained nature of SRI necessitates active management. As such, we examine the performance of socially conscious ETFs versus a matched sample of actively managed SRI mutual funds. We find the performance, as a whole, to be insignificantly different between the two groups, suggesting that the benefits of active management in this construct effectively offset the cost advantage of passive ETFs.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 13, No. 4
Authors: Lee Chris
Published: March 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for International Education Studies, Vol. 13, No. 4, 2020.
A Study on Digital Games Internet Addiction, Peer Relationships and Learning Attitude of Senior Grade of Children in Elementary School of Chiayi County
Authors: Tsai Shu-Min , Wang Yaw-Yih , Weng Chih-Miao
Published: March 2020

The study explored the relationships between digital games internet addiction, peer relationships, and learning attitudes through questionnaire survey in senior grade of elementary school children in elementary school in Chiayi County. Taking 735 students as the research object, SPSS 22.0 as a quantity research analysis instrument was applied to launch descriptive statistics, t-test, and single factor variation analysis, Pearson Product Difference Correlation Analysis, and Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. The research results found that 93.2% of high-grade students in Chiayi County played digital games 2 to 3 times a week, and those who took less 1 hour to play digital games. The addiction level of digital internet games for schoolchildren, peer relationships and learning attitude ranked upper-middle level. There are obvious differences in digital gaming internet addiction, peer relationships, and learning attitudes among various background variables such as “school location”, “weekly use” and “daily use time”. Gaming internet addiction has a low degree of negative correlation in both peer relationships and learning attitudes, while the peer relationships has a moderately positive relation with learning attitudes. Peer-to-peer relationships may be highly predictive of learning attitudes. This research focuses on the educational problems of digital game internet addiction that primary school teachers are most likely to face. It explores the relationship between peer relationships and learning attitudes, fills in the current lack of research, and draws the above important findings. It is suggested that it can be used as an important reference for teachers, parents and follow-up researchers, and contribute to the academic research of primary education in Taiwan.
Los saberes de los ancestros: clave para los vínculos con la Madre Tierra en una comunidad andina en Argentina
Authors: Steinhäuser Cornelia
Published: March 2020

Si asumimos que los paisajes rurales agrobiodiversos se generan en permanente cocreación entre humanos y no humanos, es relevante reconocer las formas del saber inmersas en este proceso para diseñar la transformación socioecológica hacia un desarrollo sostenible, especialmente de cara a la transición a la agroecología. Este trabajo, un estudio de caso realizado en el norte argentino, aborda las relaciones tangibles e intangibles con las que una comunidad andina construye su realidad y un paisaje complejo y variado. El estudio utiliza metodologías etnográficas combinando la observación participante con entrevistas y el análisis cualitativo. El resultado hace visible los vínculos entre humanos y no humanos, narrados por las personas entrevistadas, como el afecto y la reciprocidad, que son decisivos para permanecer cultivando la tierra y desarrollarse endógenamente con sus saberes campesinos basándose en los ancestros. A su vez, se discute la compatibilidad de tales saberes —en cuyo origen se encuentra una plena inmersión en el paisaje— con los estilos de vida actuales.