bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When culture clashes with individual human rights: A practical theological reflection on the dignity of widows
Authors: Baloyi Gift T.
Published: March 2017

This article discusses the nature of human beings (men and women) as an egalitarian one even beyond cultural expectations. It argues against some cultural practices on women, especially widows, which claim supremacy and bind the widows to its ritual processes among the Tsonga people. It stresses the importance of human individual that overtakes everything from God�s creation, including cultural rituals which are created by human beings. It claims that the existence of culture depends solely on the existence or presence of human beings and their communities. Therefore, culture cannot use humans to shape itself and to transform the community. It is humans themselves who use culture to identify themselves and ultimately change their communities. Although the paper is theological in its approach, it argues for individual human rights to be respected and weighed above all cultural practices. It further concludes that such cultural practices are not static and that they can be removed from the rest of culture.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article, from a practical theological view, challenges the African cultural rituals that claim authority over women�s rights and dignity. The interdisciplinary nature of this article indicates the sanctity of human individuals especially widows and thereby calls for paradigm shift to deconstruct certain oppressive teachings and practices against widows among African women. This article concludes thus, cultural deconstruction is possible.
Impact of PANS and PANDAS Exacerbations on Occupational Performance: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Tona Janice Trigilio , Bhattacharjya Sutanuka , Calaprice Denise
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE. Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) includes pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections and involves sudden-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms, including obsessions, compulsions, sensory difficulties, and dysgraphia after infection or other triggers. Our objective was to identify problems with areas of occupation, body functions, and performance skills during exacerbations.

METHOD. In this online retrospective study, based on the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process (2nd ed.), we surveyed parents of 111 children with PANS.

RESULTS. Activities of daily living, math, handwriting, extracurricular activities, free play, organized sports, community and family social participation, higher level thinking, attention, memory, sequencing, emotional coping, and energy and drive were commonly affected during exacerbations. During exacerbations, children often required assistance and adaptation to remain functional or were unable to function at a typical level.

CONCLUSION. Children with PANS present with pervasive occupational performance needs during exacerbation. Children and families may benefit from accommodations to maximize function during this turbulent period.
Occupational Therapy’s Role in Cancer Survivorship as a Chronic Condition
Authors: Baxter Mary Frances , Newman Robin , Longpré Sheila M. , Polo Katie M.
Published: March 2017

Improved medical care has resulted in a documented increase in cancer survivors in the United States. Cancer survivors face challenges in participation across all facets of life as a result of the cancer and subsequent cancer treatments. Long-term and late-term sequelae can result in impairments in neurological systems, decreased stamina, loss of range of motion, and changes in sensation and cognition. These impairments are often long lasting, which categorizes cancer survivorship as a chronic condition. This categorization presents treatment challenges, especially in creating rehabilitation and habilitation service options that support cancer survivors. Occupational therapy provides a unique focus that can benefit cancer survivors as they face limitations in participation in all aspects of daily living. Research, advocacy, and education efforts are needed to focus on the specific rehabilitation and habilitation needs of cancer survivors to increase access to occupational therapy’s distinct value.
Understanding the drivers of marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties with global observations using neural networks
Authors: Andersen Hendrik , Cermak Jan , Fuchs Julia , Knutti Reto , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The role of aerosols, clouds and their interactions with radiation remain among the largest unknowns in the climate system. Even though the processes involved are complex, aerosol-cloud interactions are often analyzed by means of bivariate relationships. In this study, 15 years (2001–2015) of monthly satellite-retrieved nearly-global aerosol products are combined with reanalysis data of various meteorological parameters to predict satellite-derived marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties by means of regionally-specific artificial neural networks. The statistical models used are shown to be capable of predicting clouds, especially in regions of high cloud variability. At this monthly scale, lower tropospheric stability is shown to be the main determinant of cloud fraction and droplet size, especially in stratocumulus regions, while boundary layer height controls the liquid-water amount and thus the optical thickness of clouds. While aerosols show the expected impact on clouds, at this scale they are less relevant than some meteorological factors. Global patterns of the derived sensitivities point to regional characteristics of aerosol and cloud processes.
Characterization of a wind turbine wake evolving over an intertidal
zone performed with dual-lidar observations
Authors: Feng Changzhong , Liu Bingyi , Wu Songhua , Liu Jintao , Li Rongzhong , Wang Xitao
Published: March 2017

Abstract. As modern wind power industry quickly develops, it is of high priority to optimize layouts and operations of wind turbines to reduce the influences of wakes induced by upstream wind turbines. The wake behaves complicatedly with land ocean-atmosphere interactions. This complex wake could be observed by two or more synchronously operated Doppler lidars. Accordingly, we characterized a wind turbine wake evolving over an intertidal zone performed with dual-lidar observations. Dynamic process of wakes merging that occurred from approximately 1 D (rotor diameter) downstream was captured and analysed. The phenomenon that wake length increased with rising tide was analysed in details. It suggested that the increase of wake length varied with underlying surface roughness transition from mud to sea water as well as the rising sea level. Finally, wake meandering cases were analyzed in detail. Our research shows that the dual-lidar observation technology is a promising remote sensing tool for characterization of complicated wind turbine wakes.
Flexible parallel implicit modelling of coupled Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanical processes in fractured rocks
Authors: Cacace Mauro , Jacquey Antoine B.
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Theory and numerical implementation describing groundwater flow and the transport of heat and solute mass in fully saturated fractured rocks with elasto-plastic mechanical feedbacks are developed. In our formulation, fractures are considered as being of lower dimension than the hosting deformable porous rock and we consider their hydraulic and mechanical apertures as scaling parameters to ensure continuous exchange of fluid mass and energy within the fracture-solid matrix system. The coupled system of equations is implemented into a new simulator code that makes use of a Galerkin Finite Element technique. The code builds on a flexible, object oriented numerical framework (MOOSE, Multiphysics Object Oriented Simulation Environment) which provides an extensive scalable parallel, implicit coupling to solve for the multiphysics problem. The governing equations of groundwater flow, heat and mass transport and rock deformation are solved in a weak sense (either by classical Newton- Raphson or by Free Jacobian Inexact Newton Krylow schemes) on an underlying unstructured mesh. Non-linear feedbacks among the active processes are enforced by considering evolving fluid and rock properties depending on the thermo-hydro-mechanical state for the system and the local structure, i.e. degree of connectivity, of the fracture system. A suite of applications is presented to illustrate the flexibility and capability of the new simulator to address problems of increasing complexity and occurring at different spatial (from centimeters to tens of kilometers) and temporal scales (from minutes to hundreds of years).
A regulação das relações econômicas internacionais
Authors: Miranda Luiz Ricardo
Published: March 2017

O direito deve refletir os valores fundamentais da sociedade que visa ordenar. Com base nisso, o direito internacional edificado no pós-guerra inevitavelmente expressou as inquietudes de sociedades marcadas pela guerra. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar, em particular, os valores que orientaram a edificação da ordem jurídica econômica pós-guerra, contrapondo-os aos desafios oriundos da evolução da sociedade internacional. Para tanto, analisam-se os elementos que orientaram a edificação do sistema de Bretton Woods e sua eventual superação diante dos eventos que transformaram o contexto econômico, especialmente, a partir da década de 1970. Afinal, conclui-se que um dos desafios de nossos tempos reside precisamente no balanceamento da predominante racionalidade econômica, própria de sua subárea, com outras racionalidades, indispensáveis ao equacionamento de questões transversais de outra natureza que perpassam esse setor.
O incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas como reforço ao sistema de tutela coletiva de direitos no Brasil
Authors: De Almeida Montingelli Zanferdini Flávia , Alves dos Santos Guilherme
Published: March 2017

Neste trabalho, faz-se breve análise histórica dos fatos que conduziram o Poder Judiciário a uma intensa sobrecarga de trabalho que teve como consequência imediata a crise na prestação jurisdicional, caracterizada pelo aumento da morosidade e a proliferação de decisões divergentes. Demonstrar-se-á que a preocupação do legislador com esse quadro protagonizou uma série de alterações no sistema processual, desde o incentivo à tutela coletiva de direitos em sentido estrito até os instrumentos mais recentes de valorização dos precedentes do Superior Tribunal de Justiça e do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Ao final, trata-se especificamente do incidente de resolução de demandas repetitivas previsto no novo Código de Processo Civil, instituto que reforça a tendência de valorização da jurisprudência e complementa a tutela coletiva de direitos, o que se fará a partir de uma análise comparativa com as normas processuais do sistema de tutela dos direitos individuais homogêneos.
Diretrizes para autores
Authors: Justiça do Direito Revista
Published: March 2017

Diretrizes para publicação
Evolução da agropecuária em São Paulo e Mato Grosso de 1995 a 2006
Authors: Campos Samuel Alex Coelho , Bacha Carlos José Caetano
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho utiliza alguns conceitos da nova geografia econômica para avaliar as restrições e vantagens que variáveis de primeira e segunda natureza trazem para estimular e/ou restringir a produção agropecuária nos estados de São Paulo e Mato Grosso. Concluise que, apesar de algumas variáveis de segunda natureza (como a legislação florestal) serem potencialmente mais restritivas à agropecuária no Mato Grosso e outras estarem em menor oferta naquele estado, como serviços bancários, de ensino e pesquisa, houve melhora expressiva dessas últimas perspectivas. Isto, juntamente com a grande disponibilidade de terras no estado (com boa topografia e variado clima) mais do que compensou a sua baixa fertilidade. Isto explica alguns indicadores de produtividade parcial mostrarem melhora da agropecuária em Mato Grosso acima dos apresentados em São Paulo entre os anos de 1995 e 2006. Não obstante, não se pode afirmar que a eficiência técnica da agropecuária no Mato Grosso é maior do que em São Paulo, pois nem todas as variáveis consideradas no cálculo dessa eficiência foram analisadas no artigo.
Palavras-chaves: Agropecuária. Mato Grosso. São Paulo. Evolução.
Economia solidária, uma alternativa à geração de trabalho e renda em território semiárido: dificuldades e perspectivas
Authors: Ribeiro Kleber Ávila
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho tem por objetivo mostrar o perfil socioeconômico das associadas e os gargalos que dificultam a sobrevivência dos empreendimentos de economia solidária, em particular, o da Associação de Mulheres Rendeiras no município de Petrolina, Pernambuco, impedindo-os, muitas vezes, de atuar como instrumento de geração de trabalho e renda em um território com poucas oportunidades econômicas. A metodologia utilizada para elaboração deste trabalho consistiu de uma pesquisa documental e de coleta de dados secundários realizada mediante aplicação de questionários estruturados em um universo amostral de 27 associados, realizada de 24 a 31 de outubro de 2014. Concluiu-se que a dificuldade de acesso às linhas de crédito tradicional convencional, a falta do conhecimento de instrumentos de gestão e falta de atuação em redes solidárias constituem-se nos principais entraves
à sustentabilidade desse tipo de empreendimento solidário e autogestionário.

Palavras-chave: Associativismo. Economia solidária. Geração de trabalho e renda.
Dívida pública, política monetária e dominância fiscal no Brasil: questões de coordenação de políticas
Authors: Santos Filho Washington Valeriano dos , Moreira Ricardo Ramalhete
Published: March 2017

O presente trabalho analisa a aderência empírica de três hipóteses fiscais aplicadas à economia brasileira: equivalência ricardiana, dominância fiscal e teoria fiscal do nível de preços, para o período 2005-2013, por meio do método de vetores autorregressivos. As evidências demonstram que, das três hipóteses, as duas com aderência estatística seriam a de equivalência ricardiana e a de dominância fiscal, com maior apelo para a última. As funções impulso-resposta ajudam a explicar alguns fatos estilizados do Brasil nos últimos anos, como o desvio inflacionário persistente, os déficits nominais sistemáticos e o crescimento da razão dívida interna/PIB.
Palavras-chave: Brasil. Dominância fiscal. Equivalência ricardiana. Teoria fiscal do nível de preços.
As receitas do sistema tributário para a manutenção e o desenvolvimento da educação básica: um estudo de recursos financeiros alocados para financiar o orçamento da educação básica no município de Passo Fundo-RS
Authors: Pavan Rafael , Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira , Montoya Marco Antonio , Bogoni Nadia Mar
Published: March 2017

O artigo tem como objetivo verificar se o município de Passo Fundo, no Rio Grande do Sul, atende à atribuição legal de transferências para o financiamento da educação básica e estabelecer uma comparação da evolução das receitas e das despesas com a educação associada ao número de alunos atendidos. Para satisfazer os objetivos propostos, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa-quantitativa. O estudo de caso foi realizado no município de Passo Fundo, uma vez que a Lei Orgânica do município prevê a aplicação anual de pelo menos 35% das receitas da jurisdição municipal de impostos e de transferências correntes em educação. Como resultado, verificou-se que o município cumpriu a Lei Orgânica municipal, uma vez que aplicou, pelo menos, 35% das receitas de jurisdição municipal de impostos e transferências na manutenção da educação básica. Verificou-se que, entre 2009 e 2012, a despesa total com alunos matriculados no ensino básico público está aumentando, apesar de o número de estudantes permanecer constante, 13.968 alunos/ano. Portanto, conclui-se que o município tem uma aplicação financeira considerável por aluno, o que, se for eficiente e eficaz, pode refletir na satisfação da população com a qualidade dos serviços públicos de provisão na área da educação básica municipal.
Palavras-chave: Financiamento da educação. Orçamento público. Sistema tributário.
Análise da dinâmica inflacionária no Brasil e preços de commodities: uma aplicação do modelo de vetores autorregressivos
Authors: Soares Aline Fernanda , Silva Haroldo José Torres da , Sanches André Luís Ramos , Ozaki Vitor Augusto
Published: March 2017

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a dinâmica inflacionária no Brasil, com ênfase no comportamento dos preços domésticos do grupo alimentação e bebidas dos índices de preços ao consumidor, e sua relação com o comportamento dos preços internacionais de commodities, das taxas de câmbio e de juros e a atividade econômica. Para isto, utiliza-se a metodologia de vetores autorregressivos, com base no período de 2003 e 2013. Os resultados apontam que os preços internacionais de commodities ICAGR e a atividade econômica PIB têm efeito positivo sobre o preço do grupo alimentação e bebidas do índice de preços ao consumidor IPCAF com um período de defasagem.
Palavras-chave: Índice de preços. Commodities. Vetores autorregressivos.
Serviços veterinários na Região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul: um estudo sobre o comportamento do consumidor em relação a serviços clínicos e estéticos
Authors: Neckel Anderson , Zimmermann Fabrício
Published: March 2017

Esta pesquisa teve como foco central identificar o comportamento do consumidor usuário de serviços veterinários na região Norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir da análise teórica dos constructos de comportamento do consumidor, de marketing de serviços e do processo de adoção de compra, optou-se por uma abordagem mista, qualitativa e quantitativa, com o objetivo de aproximar ainda mais o pesquisador do público-alvo. A etapa exploratória foi desenvolvida a partir de um grupo focal e na etapa quantitativa foi utilizado o levantamento survey. A amostra contou com 126 participantes usuários de serviços clínicos e estéticos, que tinham, no mínimo, um animal de estimação. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os produtos mais adquiridos pelos usuários estão diretamente ligados à alimentação e à higiene e que esses consumidores estão dispostos a gastar o quanto for necessário para garantir a saúde de seu animal de estimação. Outro fator importante apontado na pesquisa descreve que os consumidores têm hábitos de consumo ligados à
preocupação com o bem-estar do animal, fazendo com que busque frequentemente serviços veterinários e estéticos.
Palavras-chave: Comportamento do consumidor. Marketing de serviços. Serviços veterinários e estéticos.
O impacto da política comercial da União Europeia sobre as exportaçõe brasileiras de hortifrúti
Authors: Lopes da Sil Mygre , Arruda Coron Daniel , Bender Filh Reisoli , Abbade da Silva Rodrigo
Published: March 2017

Este estudo visa analisar efeitos da redução das barreiras comerciais da União Europeia para o setor exportador brasileiro de frutas, vegetais e nozes, especificamente, quanto à eliminação de barreiras tarifárias e não tarifárias. Para tal, fez-se uso do Modelo de Equilíbrio Geral Computável. Foram simulados dois cenários: a liberalização completa e a reduções das barreiras comerciais das exportações de hortifrúti do Brasil para a União Europeia conforme proposto pela Rodada de Doha. Os resultados indicaram que, para o
Brasil, em ambos os cenários, há crescimento da quantidade produzida, das exportações e importações e dos preços domésticos do setor.
Palavras-chave: Exportações. Frutas. Vegetais. União Europeia. GTAP.
Os Portais da Transparência: um estudo sobre as informações disponibilizadas pelos municípios do Corede Rio da Várzea
Authors: Tres Tagiane Graciel Fiorentin , Fugalli Evandra Maria
Published: March 2017

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se os municípios do Corede Rio da Várzea, RS atendem às determinações da Lei nº 12.527/2011 e da Lei Complementar nº 131/2009, que normatizam a publicação das informações governamentais. A pesquisa classifica-se como descritiva, de levantamento documental, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Conclui-se que os municípios analisados atendem à Lei Complementar nº 131/2009. Apenas o item referente à “disponibilização das informações em tempo real” não está sendo cumprido pela administração de todos os municípios. Quanto ao atendimento da Lei nº 12.527/2011, 65% dos itens verificados obtiveram respostas positivas, evidenciando o comprometimento das administrações com a divulgação de informações públicas. Os municípios estudados não tiveram grandes avanços desde o estudo realizado pelo Tribunal de Contas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul em 2013.
Palavras-chave: Transparência. Contas Públicas. Lei nº 12.527/2011. Lei Complementar nº 131/2009.
Os riscos da financeirização do microcrédito
Authors: Attílio Luccas Assis
Published: March 2017

As políticas de liberalização financeira das décadas de 1970 e 1980 fizeram com que as finanças ganhassem proeminência no funcionamento de várias economias. Como um corolário, o fenômeno da financeirização emergiu e é marca do capitalismo contemporâneo. Todavia, a financeirização incorporou o microcrédito, instrumento que ganhou notoriedade
na década de 1980 no combate à pobreza. Esse artigo é uma revisão da literatura que aponta riscos da entrada do microcrédito na lógica da financeirização.
Palavras-chave: Microcrédito. Financeirização. Liberalização financeira. Governo.
O crowdsourcing como fator de competitividade na publicidade: o caso da Teaser Propaganda
Authors: Silva Anderson Diego Farias da , Cunha Mayara Barbosa da , Ramos Fernanda Martins
Published: March 2017

A dinâmica das transformações geradas pela globalização e o desenvolvimento das tecnologias da informação e comunicação afetam diretamente as relações econômicas e sociais no mundo contemporâneo. Nesse contexto, as organizações precisam desenvolver novas estratégias de aperfeiçoamento de seus produtos e serviços. O objetivo deste estudo reside em compreender o histórico do crowdsourcing na publicidade, ressaltando a importância da participação coletiva no advento das novas tecnologias. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso qualitativo a fim de compreender os principais conceitos relacionados ao crowdsourcing em
estratégias publicitárias. Os resultados demonstraram como essa estratégia pode ser útil para formar uma rede de colaboradores, aproximando usuário e marca, convertendo-o de comprador em cliente.
Palavras-chave: Crowdsourcing. Estratégia. Teaser Propaganda.
Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 6, No. 1
Authors: John Albert
Published: March 2017

Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2017.
Determinants of Adaptation to Climate Change: A Gendered Analysis from Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania
Authors: Swai Okuli William
Published: March 2017

Although various long term adaptation measures are currently implemented by farmers to adapt to the effects of climate change in Tanzania, information regarding factors determining choice of adaptation options between men and women is scarce. A gendered analysis was done to analyze determinants of adaptation to climate change in Bahi and Kondoa Districts, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. A cross-sectional research design was adopted whereby the data was collected from a sample of 360 respondents, 12 focus groups and 18 key informants. Analysis of quantitative data involved descriptive statistics and multinomial logit model using Nlogit 3.0 and qualitative data were summarized by using content analysis. Results revealed that the main occupation and land size were the main factors that determined adaptation options for men during food shortage while for women, the main factor was marital status. The village/location of respondents was the main factor that determined climate change adaptation option for women to adapt crops to climate change whereas, for men, access to agricultural knowledge was the main factor that encouraged men to use improved seeds, manure and deep cultivation, instead of selecting and keeping enough seeds for the next season. It is concluded that factors determining choice of climate change adaptation between men and women are not the same, emphasizing the need for gender differentiated interventions to promote climate change adaptation. Thus, planners and policy makers from Agriculture, Livestock and Environment sectors; Tanzania NAPA and other development practitioners dealing with climate change should use gender sensitive interventions to manage climate change.
Gender and Resilience to Climate Variability in Pastoralists Livelihoods System: Two Case Studies in Kenya
Authors: Omolo Nancy , Mafongoya Paramu , Ngesa Oscar
Published: March 2017

Recurrent droughts due to climate change has led to vulnerability of the pastoralist communities, leading to loss of assets and food insecurity. Climate change will have different impacts on women and men’s livelihoods. Building resilience at individual, household and community level will largely depend on the suitability of interventions to the local context, particularly in relation to the social dynamics and power relations that create differences in vulnerability. Most of the research have focused on national and regional studies. The impact of climate change will not be uniformly distributed in countries within Africa or within the same country. This specific research focuses on two diverse ecological zones at the local level in the same County of Turkana in north western Kenya: agro-pastoral zone and primary pastoral zone. This paper aims to evaluate women and men’s adaptive capacity to climate variability in Turkana, north-western Kenya. It is evident that increasing resilience can be realised by reducing vulnerabilities and increasing adaptive capacity. The results revealed that agro-pastoralists are more resilient to climate change than primary pastoralists. Male headed household are more resilient than female headed households. Access to basic services is contributing more in the resilience score than assets, gender of house hold head and age. Generally, few families in this region have very high resilience score.
Environmental Vulnerability by Floods and Occupation of Permanent Preservation Area: An Approach about Three Cities of Midwest of Brazil
Authors: Rezende Greyce Bernardes de Mello , Alves Telma Lucia Bezerra
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this article is to identify the areas of environmental vulnerability by flooding in urban areas of the municipalities of Barra dos Garças - MT, Pontal do Araguaia - MT and Aragarças - GO; and demarcate the occupations in permanent preservation areas (PPAs) in the study area. The methodology uses variables such as time series of maximum quotas of the Araguaia River, from 1968 to 2014, the frequency of those floods, as well as the local level curves. From the junction of these data, it was stipulated the levels of environmental vulnerability by floods in five levels: very high, high, medium, low and very low. The results indicate that areas with very high vulnerability correspond to approximately 1,58 square kilometers which equals to 0.5% of the total area studied; the high vulnerability areas, have only 3.19 square kilometers, corresponding to 1% of the area; the medium vulnerability areas have 7.66 square kilometers, which corresponds to 2.41% of the area; low vulnerability areas, have 11.18 square kilometers of extension relating to 3.52% of the area; and finally the remainder of the study area was characterized as very low vulnerability. After this mapping, it was found by satellite imaging from Google earth software dated 2014, the main occupations in PPAs. The main uses and occupations refer to human activities related to tourism, as well as commercial, residential and industrial buildings. It was found that it is of salutary importance that the Government enforces the fulfillment of the restrictions set out in the Forest Code, preventing that more occupations occur in PPAs and areas subject to flooding. Moreover, the mapping of areas of flooding is also a tool for future public policies that aim to guide the recommended areas to urban expansion, as well as ordering the use and occupation of land by developing zoning.
Recent distribution and phytosociological affiliation of Ludwigia palustris in Slovakia
Authors: Dítě Daniel , Eliáš Jr. Pavol , Dítě Zuzana , Šimková Andrea
Published: March 2017

Ludwigia palustris has always been a very rare species in Central Europe. In Slovakia, its occurrence remained unconfirmed for over 60 years and it was therefore considered extinct. The paper reports its rediscovery on two sites in SE Slovakia. Both localities were found in the Latorica River catchment area in 2015 when persistent summer droughts enabled the development of natural mudflat vegetation in the dried oxbows. Confirmation of this historic site indicates the long-term survival ability of the species. We assigned L. palustris dominated vegetation in the class Isoëto-Nanojuncetea, association Ludwigio palustris-Lindernietum procumbentis. This association is new to Slovakia as well as for Central Europe. The stands of this association developed on the exposed muddy shores of disconnected oxbow lake.
Fermín Bouza, In memoriam
Authors: Alcañiz Moscardó Mercedes
Published: March 2017

El 29 de octubre del pasado año falleció Fermín Bouza Álvarez en Madrid, debido a una inesperada broma del azar, una infección postoperatoria que acabó en septicemia; inexplicable, como numerosas cosas en la vida y sobre lo que tantas veces habíamos hablado.
Emprendeudores fracasados: individualización neoliberal en los discursos sobre el desempleo
Authors: Briales Alvaro
Published: March 2017

En este artículo sostenemos que el discurso del emprendimiento opera como un dispositivo de individualización de la relación salarial que oculta el fuerte contraste entre el plano ideal –autonomía, independencia subjetiva, éxito– y los obstáculos materiales reales –profundización del endeudamiento, alta proporción de fracaso, precarización–. Analizamos empíricamente dos casos: 1) el Foro de Activación para el Empleo de la Comunidad de Madrid que promueve lo que llamamos el narcisismo competitivo neoliberal; y 2) los contrastes entre el plano ideal y material en los discursos de personas en paro entrevistadas durante 2012 y 2013. Concluimos que las políticas de empleo que promocionan el emprendimiento no resuelven el problema del desempleo sino que, fundamentalmente, sirven para gobernar políticamente la precariedad masiva. Proponemos utilizar las categorías de emprendeudores y de emprendeudamiento para una mejor comprensión sociológica del discurso del emprendimiento.This article argues that the entrepreneurship discourse operates as an individualization apparatus of the wage relation which hides the strong contrast between the ideal level -autonomy, subjective independence, success- and the real material obstacles –deepening of debt, high failure rate, precarization-. Two cases are empirically analyzed: 1) The Activation for Employment Forum organized by Madrid regional government, which promotes what we call competitive neoliberal narcissism; and 2) the contrasts between the ideal level and the material level in the discourses of unemployed people who were interviewed in 2012 and 2013. It is concluded that employment policies that promote entrepreneurship do not solve the problem of unemployment but mainly serve to govern politically the massive precariousness. It is proposed to use the categories of emprendeudores and emprendeudamiento [entrepreneurs + debt category] for a better sociological understanding of the entrepreneurship discourse.
Análisis discursivo del relato empresarial sobre responsabilidad social corporativa. Coordenadas narrativas y prácticas discursivas.
Authors: Gil Sánchez Guacimara
Published: March 2017

En este artículo se presentan los resultados del análisis discursivo realizado sobre las producciones verbales elaboradas por Directivos de Responsabilidad Social (DIRSE) para explicar qué son y cómo se organizan sus políticas socialmente responsables. Concretamente, se disecciona el modo en que la élite empresarial española construye las coordenadas narrativas de su relato sobre la responsabilidad social corporativa o empresarial, haciendo especial hincapié en el conjunto de significaciones y maniobras discursivas que las configuran. Para ello, se ha dividido el documento en cuatro epígrafes. En el primero se introduce al lector en la perspectiva adoptada en esta investigación. En el segundo epígrafe se exponen las principales cuestiones de orden metodológico y en el tercero se presentan los resultados. Finalmente, el documento se cierra con una síntesis las conclusiones alcanzadas.In this paper we present the results of the discourse analysis of verbal productions made by Managers of Social Responsibility (dirse by its Spanish acronym) to explain what they are and how their socially responsible policies are organized. More specifically, we examine the way that Spanish business elite builds the narrative coordinates of its discourse about corporate social responsibility, with particular emphasis on the set of meanings and discourse manoeuvres that shapes them. In order to do so, we have divided this paper into four sections. In the first one, the reader is introduced to the approach taken for this research. In the second section we reflect the main methodological issues, while the last two sections present respectively the results and conclusions of our analysis.
The Path to Inclusion for Children with Learning Disabilities in Guyana: Challenges and Future Considerations
Authors: Fraser Sherwin
Published: March 2017

One of the major challenges facing special and general education teachers and parents in Guyana is the current educational move towards inclusion. This move has been characterized by the changing political and economic systems which have resulted in inclusion gaining increased momentum in many circles including major organizations, institutions, and even among members of civil society. Inclusion has also been touted as the prelude to meaningful political, economic, social, educational, religious, and cultural engagement in governance and other decision making processes in Guyana. The concept hinges on the right to participate and become involved in various activities regardless of ability or disability. The Jomtien Declaration (1990) which was adopted by the World Conference on Education for All in Thailand in March 1990, mandates the removal of barriers to education for all children. The declaration also affirms the right to education for every individual as well as equal access for all categories of persons with disabilities (United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), 1990). While the main pillar of the declaration is the right to education, it also mandates the removal of barriers that would prevent equal learning opportunities for vulnerable and marginalized groups (UNESCO, 1990). This paper examines issues relevant to inclusion and the education of children with learning disabilities in Guyana. The author gives an account of the political system, inclusive education, and legislation for persons with disabilities, and highlights the challenges faced by teachers in educating children with learning disabilities in Guyana.
A promising pioneer profession? Women in industrial chemistry in inter-war Britain
Authors: HORROCKS SALLY M.
Published: July 2002

During the inter-war years women found employment for the first time in some of
Britain's industrial laboratories, most of them concentrated in the food, pharmaceuticals,
cosmetics, textiles and photographic industries. Drawing on a range of sources, including
company archives and the technical press, this paper examines the emergence of these new
positions for women and considers their workplace experiences, looking both at women with
higher-level qualifications and at those who worked as laboratory assistants. It argues that
although the entry of women into industrial chemistry represented an extension of their
opportunities for scientific work, they tended to be employed as ‘women chemists’ to undertake
routine tasks seen as especially suited to feminine skills and expertise and to have few
opportunities for promotion. Their presence also appears to have changed the nature of men's
work, helping to ensure that men could continue to be offered more challenging work and
positions which retained the possibility of career advancement.

There are a number of miscellaneous jobs which a girl of 16 can secure, some of which give
chances of rising. Girls who become laboratory assistants, if they are intelligent and hard
working, can rise to positions where they will earn as much as £3 a week…

R. Strachey, Careers and Opportunities for Women (1934)

In industry, and particularly in those industries where a large number of women are employed
– such as food, margarine and jam factories – women are not infrequently engaged in analytical
and research laboratories…

R. Pilcher, The Profession of Chemistry (3rd edn., 1935)
Human Rights: implications for labour law
Authors: Palmer Stephanie
Published: July 2002

The author considers the potential of the Human Rights Act to influence the future of labour law. First, the development of common law can be based on fundamental human rights principles. Statutory interpretation of employment legislation can also be grounded on this potentially more principled approach. Second, the new legislation may hasten the development of a common law of privacy and provide greater protection for expression of political and religious views in the employment context. Third, it changes the criteria against which the propriety of restrictions in the employment relationship should be judged. It is likely that in judicial review cases the more rigorous proportionality standard rather than the Wednesbury unreasonableness test will be used. Finally, the effective application of human rights in the private sphere is likely since the Convention case-law, the debates in Parliament and the Act itself strongly suggest that the Convention rights will have an indirect effect. The domestic courts must take the opportunity to develop their own human rights standards.
The non-proprietary lease: the rise of the feudal phoenix
Authors: Dixon Martin
Published: July 2002

MR. Bruton occupied a flat by virtue of a written agreement with the Quadrant Housing Trust. The agreement specifically categorised itself as a “weekly licence” although it did give exclusive possession to Bruton. For its part, the Trust held the flat as licensee from the freehold owner, Lambeth Council, in order to pursue its charitable housing aims of providing temporary and emergency accommodation. By virtue of section 32 of the Housing Act 1985, any grant of a lease by the Council to the Trust would have been ultra vires. Bruton accepted the “licence” from the Trust on this basis, but now alleged that he held the flat on a lease, giving security of tenure and triggering a repairing obligation for the Trust under section 11 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 (implied repairing obligations for short term leases). The High Court had held that the agreement was a licence and this was confirmed by the Court of Appeal, with Millett L.J. noting that it was difficult to see how Bruton could have a lease when the Trust itself held no estate in the land out of which a lease could have been granted: [1998] Q.B. 834, 845. The House of Lords, unanimously, held that Bruton had a lease on a simple application of Street v. Mountford [1985] A.C. 809. The fact that the Trust held no estate in the land was neither here nor there: Bruton v. London & Quadrant Housing Trust [1999] 3 W.L.R. 150.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE AGROCLIMATIC POTENTIAL OF THE FOREST–SAVANNA TRANSITION ZONE OF NIGERIA FOR THE CULTIVATION OF SORGHUM
Authors: BELLO N. J.
Published: July 2002

The agroclimatic potential of the forest–savanna transition zone of Nigeria for the cultivation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was investigated. Five phenological stages of the crop formed the basic unit of time for the investigation. Selected agroclimatological thermal and moisture indices were measured daily and processed into ten-day (decadal) averages for the 1993 and 1994 cropping seasons. The thermal indices, temperature and photoperiods were optimal for sorghum growth but, on the basis of the distribution of rainfall and actual water availability in relation to the crop's water consumption, the moisture indices were above optimum. However by relating effective water availability to the indices of moisture adequacy for the growth of the crop, it was found that the agroclimatological moisture indices were optimum during the moisture sensitive stages. A comparison of the vegetative growth and grain yield of sorghum in the study area and elsewhere in the savanna region confirmed the agroclimatic potential of the forest–savanna transition zone for sorghum production.
Using the variance of pairwise differences to estimate the
recombination rate
Authors: WAKELEY JOHN
Published: July 2002

A new estimator is proposed for the parameter C=4Nc,
where N is the population size and c is
the recombination rate in a finite population model without selection.
The estimator is an
improved version of Hudson's (1987) estimator, which takes advantage
of some recent theoretical
developments. The improvement is slight, but the smaller bias and standard
error of the new
estimator support its use. The variance of the average number of pairwise
differences is also
derived, and is important in the formulation of the new estimator.
A gene responsible for a cuticular hydrocarbon
polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: COYNE JERRY A. , WICKER-THOMAS CLAUDE , JALLON JEAN-MARC
Published: July 2002

Drosophila melanogaster is polymorphic for the major cuticular hydrocarbon of females. In most
populations this hydrocarbon is 7,11-heptacosadiene, but females from Africa and the Caribbean
usually possess low levels of 7,11-heptacosadiene and high quantities of its position isomer 5,9-heptacosadiene. Genetic analysis shows that the difference between these two morphs is due to
variation at a single segregating factor located on the right arm of chromosome 3 near map
position 51·5 and cytological position 87C–D. This is precisely the position of a desaturase gene
previously sequenced using primers derived from yeast and mouse, and localized by in situ
hybridization to the polytene chromosomes of D. melanogaster. Alleles of this desaturase gene may
therefore be responsible for producing the two hydrocarbon morphs. Mating tests following the
transfer of these isomers between females of the two morphs show that, in contrast to previous
studies, the hydrocarbon profiles have no detectable effect on mating behaviour or sexual isolation.
Tectonic fingerprints in siderite cement, Tirrawarra Sandstone,

southern Cooper Basin, Australia
Authors: REZAEE M. R. , LEMON N. M. , SEGGIE R. J.
Published: July 2002

Compositional zoning and dissolution in cement is a direct

response to the fluctuation of pore water chemistry, the variation of

which during burial can be controlled by many factors, including the

interaction between pore water and rock-forming minerals and the

mixing of fluids from different origins. This paper suggests that

tectonic activity can, by altering the hydraulic gradient, also

influence pore water chemistry and lead to dissolution of cement,

made clear by zoning within siderite crystals. Three different stages

of siderite cement have been described from the Tirrawarra Sandstone

in the Moorari and Fly Lake fields of the southern Cooper Basin, here

referred to as S1 (early), S2 (middle), and S3 (late). Ragged

dissolution surfaces separate the main phases, occurring after

precipitation of S1 and S2 with incipient dissolution suggested

within S2. Back-scattered electron (BSE) images and electron

microprobe analyses clearly differentiate each main phase of

siderite. S1 is a homogeneous, iron-rich siderite whereas S2 displays

patchy compositional zoning associated with several minor dissolution

stages, and S3 commences with even compositional banding and grades

into a thick homogeneous phase in the terms of composition.

Isotope analyses and fluid inclusion studies indicate that S1

formed at a temperature around 30 °C, S2 precipitated at a

minimum temperature of 68 °C, and S3 formed around 102 °C.

The heterogeneous, pitted and zoned S2 is thought to have formed

during a time of active tectonism in the Cooper Basin, whereas the

evenly banded nature of S3 suggests that it precipitated during a

quiet tectonic period when pore waters largely remained relatively

constant. It appears that siderite cements in the Tirrawarra

Sandstone record tectonic activity in the form of irregular growth

and dissolution highlighted by compositional zoning with stages of

strong dissolution recording particularly active times when pore

waters changed composition dramatically. Some zoning could be related

in part to tectonic pulses. The temperature recorded by each of the

siderite stages allows their precipitation to be tied to a burial

history curve, and by making some simple assumptions about that

history, the timing of cementation can be estimated. This can be an

additional tool for calibrating the thermal history of an

area.
CANADA, SANCTIONS AND THE ABYSSINIAN CRISIS OF 1935
Authors: MILLMAN BROCK
Published: July 2002

This article attempts to place the Canadian contribution to the

collapse of the sanctions

front against Italy in 1935 in perspective. It argues that Canadian

policy on the question was powerfully conditioned by, and conditioned

in turn, imperial policy taken as a whole. There is no attempt

to assess blame, but rather, an effort at a modest redistribution of

responsibility from the shoulders

of British statesmen, over-burdened, onto those of Canadian leaders,

the contribution of whom to the

formation of general imperial policy has largely escaped notice. The

Canadian contribution is

instructive in an examination of the Ethiopian crisis, in particular,

because Canada alone amongst

the dominions invariably opposed a ‘forward’ policy

against Italy and alone amongst its fellow

dominions consistently failed to support a common front against fascism.

It is not without significance

that this policy – or lack of policy, perhaps more properly

– also became Britain's own.
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION BETWEEN BICENTENARIES
Authors: DOYLE WILLIAM
Published: July 2002

The revolution in provincial France. Aquitaine, 1789–1799.

By A. Forrest. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Pp. vi+377. £45.

Fair shares for all. Jacobin egalitarianism in practice.

By J.-P. Gross. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

Pp. xv+255. £30.

Europe under Napoleon, 1799–1815. By M. Broers.

London: Edward Arnold, 1996. Pp. xii+291. £15.99.
Race, Gender, and National Identity in the American and British Telephone Industries
Authors: Green Venus
Published: July 2002

This article compares the racially heterogeneous, privately-owned American telephone industry, and the relatively homogeneous, publicly-owned British system, to examine how race and gender constructions implicit in the national identities of the two countries influence employment opportunities. For all the differences in the histories of the two telephone industries and variations in the construction of racial, national, and gender identities, blacks in the United States and Britain had remarkably similar experiences in obtaining employment as telephone operators. This leads to the conclusion that the power of national identity in the workplace is strongly based on “whiteness”. Despite their limited access to national identity, white women experienced advantages that were denied to black women, which illustrates how race modified the impact of gender on the privileges of national identity.