bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single-virus genomics reveals hidden cosmopolitan and abundant viruses
Authors: Martinez-Hernandez Francisco , Fornas Oscar , Lluesma Gomez Monica , Bolduc Benjamin , de la Cruz Peña Maria Jose , Martínez Joaquín Martínez , Anton Josefa , Gasol Josep M. , Rosselli Riccardo , Rodriguez-Valera Francisco , Sullivan Matthew B. , Acinas Silvia G. , Martinez-Garcia Manuel
Published: June 2017

Microbes drive ecosystems under constraints imposed by viruses. However, a lack of virus genome information hinders our ability to answer fundamental, biological questions concerning microbial communities. Here we apply single-virus genomics (SVGs) to assess whether portions of marine viral communities are missed by current techniques. The majority of the here-identified 44 viral single-amplified genomes (vSAGs) are more abundant in global ocean virome data sets than published metagenome-assembled viral genomes or isolates. This indicates that vSAGs likely best represent the dsDNA viral populations dominating the oceans. Species-specific recruitment patterns and virome simulation data suggest that vSAGs are highly microdiverse and that microdiversity hinders the metagenomic assembly, which could explain why their genomes have not been identified before. Altogether, SVGs enable the discovery of some of the likely most abundant and ecologically relevant marine viral species, such as vSAG 37-F6, which were overlooked by other methodologies.
Correction: Corrigendum: Muscle-specific CRISPR/Cas9 dystrophin gene editing ameliorates pathophysiology in a mouse model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Bengtsson Niclas E. , Hall John K. , Odom Guy L. , Phelps Michael P. , Andrus Colin R. , Hawkins R. David , Hauschka Stephen D. , Chamberlain Joel R. , Chamberlain Jeffrey S.
Published: June 2017

Nature Communications 8: Article number: 14454 (2017); Published: 14 February 2017; Updated: 23 June 2017 This Article contains an error in Fig. 4, for which we apologize. In panel a, the image reporting dystrophin labelling following SaCas9Δ5253 treatment was inadvertently duplicated from the corresponding image following SpCas9/Δ5253 treatment.
Determinants of initial inhaled corticosteroid use in patients with GOLD A/B COPD: a retrospective study of UK general practice
Authors: Chalmers James D. , Tebboth Abigail , Gayle Alicia , Ternouth Andrew , Ramscar Nick
Published: June 2017

Initial use of inhaled corticosteroid therapy is common in patients with Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) A or B chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, contrary to GOLD guidelines. We investigated UK prescribing of inhaled corticosteroid therapy in these patients, to identify predictors of inhaled corticosteroid use in newly diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. A cohort of newly diagnosed GOLD A/B chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients was identified from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (June 2005–June 2015). Patients were classified by prescribed treatment, with those receiving inhaled corticosteroid-containing therapy compared with those receiving long-acting bronchodilators without inhaled corticosteroid. In all, 29,815 patients with spirometry-confirmed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were identified. Of those prescribed maintenance therapy within 3 months of diagnosis, 63% were prescribed inhaled corticosteroid-containing therapy vs. 37% prescribed non-inhaled corticosteroid therapy. FEV1% predicted, concurrent asthma diagnosis, region, and moderate exacerbation were the strongest predictors of inhaled corticosteroid use in the overall cohort. When concurrent asthma patients were excluded, all other co-variates remained significant predictors. Other significant predictors included general practitioner practice, younger age, and co-prescription with short-acting bronchodilators. Trends over time showed that initial inhaled corticosteroid prescriptions reduced throughout the study, but still accounted for 47% of initial prescriptions in 2015. These results suggest that inhaled corticosteroid prescribing in GOLD A/B patients is common, with significant regional variation that is independent of FEV1% predicted.
Expression analysis of inflammasome sensors and implication of NLRP12 inflammasome in prostate cancer
Authors: Karan Dev , Tawfik Ossama , Dubey Seema
Published: June 2017

Inflammasomes are multi-proteins complex regulating inflammation-associated signaling. While inflammation plays a critical role in cancer cell growth, studies remain uncharacterized on the role of inflammasomes in prostate cancer. Using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public datasets, we screened the expression profiles of inflammasome sensors NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6, NRLP12, and AIM2 in prostate tumor tissues, and verified their mRNA level in a panel of prostate cancer cell lines. The selected expression of NLRP3 and NLRP12 inflammasomes was validated, and the clinical association was evaluated in human prostate archival tumor tissues. We observed that the expression of inflammasome sensors was dysregulated at the mRNA level except for the NLRP12. The intensity of NLRP12 immunostaining was significantly higher in malignant prostate as compared to their adjacent benign tissues. In contrast, the NLRP3 immunostaining in prostate tissues was heterogeneous. The inflammasome complex proteins ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) and pro-caspase-1, as well as its downstream targets IL-1β and IL-18 were confined to aggressive prostate cancer cells. These data suggest an increased expression of NLRP12 in association with prostate cancer and support the role of NLRP12 inflammasome complex regulating inflammatory cytokines in understanding the role of inflammation in the prostate cancer.
Sewage outburst triggers Trichodesmium bloom and enhance N2 fixation rates
Authors: Rahav Eyal , Bar-Zeev Edo
Published: June 2017

The southeastern Mediterranean Sea (SEMS) is a warm and sunlit marine environment with low ambient N concentration, thus considered ideal for diazotrophy by autotrophic diazotrophs such as Trichodesmium. Despite the favorable conditions, N2 fixation rates are often low and Trichodesmium has hardly been spotted in the SEMS. This study reports on the occurrence of a Trichodesmium bloom in the SEMS which was ascribed to T. erythraeum according to DNA fingerprinting of the nifH gene. We found that this bloom (1407 ± 983 cells L−1) was triggered by an intense outburst of raw sewage that supplied high concentrations of N, P and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which resulted in low N:P (~12:1) and exceptionally high C:P (~1340:1) ratios. We surmise that these conditions provided favorable conditions for Trichodesmium bloom to form via mixotrophic metabolism. As a result, a fourfold increase in N2 fixation was recorded, which contributed ~70% to new primary production and spur a sharp increase in phytoplankton activity and biomass. The conclusions of this study point on a new paradigm for bloom-forming T. erythraeum which is tightly linked to anthropogenic sources and prompt microbial productivity in oligotrophic marine environments such as the SEMS.
Angiotensin type 2 receptor activation promotes browning of white adipose tissue and brown adipogenesis
Authors: Than Aung , Xu Shaohai , Li Ru , Leow MelvinKhee-Shing , Sun Lei , Chen Peng
Published: June 2017

Brown adipose tissue dissipates energy in the form of heat. Recent studies have shown that adult humans possess both classical brown and beige adipocytes (brown-like adipocytes in white adipose tissue, WAT), and stimulating brown and beige adipocyte formation can be a new avenue to treat obesity. Angiotensin II (AngII) is a peptide hormone that plays important roles in energy metabolism via its angiotensin type 1 or type 2 receptors (AT1R and AT2R). Adipose tissue is a major source of AngII and expresses both types of its receptors, implying the autocrine and paracrine role of AngII in regulating adipose functions and self-remodeling. Here, based on the in vitro studies on primary cultures of mouse white adipocytes, we report that, AT2R activation, either by AngII or AT2R agonist (C21), induces white adipocyte browning, by increasing PPARγ expression, at least in part, via ERK1/2, PI3kinase/Akt and AMPK signaling pathways. It is also found that AngII–AT2R enhances brown adipogenesis. In the in vivo studies on mice, administration of AT1R antagonist (ZD7155) or AT2R agonist (C21) leads to the increase of WAT browning, body temperature and serum adiponectin, as well as the decrease of WAT mass and the serum levels of TNFα, triglycerides and free fatty acids. In addition, AT2R-induced browning effect is also observed in human white adipocytes, as evidenced by the increased UCP1 expression and oxygen consumption. Finally, we provide evidence that AT2R plays important roles in hormone T3-induced white adipose browning. This study, for the first time, reveals the browning and brown adipogenic effects of AT2R and suggests a potential therapeutic target to combat obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Photoelectrochemical devices for solar water splitting – materials and challenges
Authors: Jiang Chaoran , Moniz Savio J. A. , Wang Aiqin , Zhang Tao , Tang Junwang
Published: June 2017

PEC water splitting, characterized by the separate production of H2and O2, is one promising solution for a sustainable society.
Methods for the detection and identification of pathogenic bacteria: past, present, and future
Authors: Váradi Linda , Luo Jia Lin , Hibbs David E. , Perry John D. , Anderson Rosaleen J. , Orenga Sylvain , Groundwater Paul W.
Published: June 2017

In this tutorial review, the techniques involved in the detection of pathogenic bacteria are described.
Development of an easily adaptable, high sensitivity source for inlet ionization
Authors: Lu I-Chung , Elia Efstathios A. , Zhang Wen-Jing , Pophristic Milan , Inutan Ellen D. , McEwen Charles N. , Trimpin Sarah
Published: June 2017

Unexpected ionization processes were recently discovered for use in mass spectrometry in which no added energy is required to convert condensed-phase molecules to gas-phase ions with ESI-like charge states by simply introducing the matrix/analyte sample into the sub-atmospheric pressure of the mass spectrometer.
Exploring a wider range of Mg–Ca–Zn metallic glass as biocompatible alloys using combinatorial sputtering
Authors: Li Jinyang , Gittleson Forrest S. , Liu Yanhui , Liu Jingbei , Loye Ayomiposi M. , McMillon-Brown Lyndsey , Kyriakides Themis R. , Schroers Jan , Taylor André D.
Published: June 2017

Using combinatorial thin film processing and characterization techniques, we demonstrate a new capability of exploring a wider composition range of Mg–Ca–Zn metallic glass for biocompatible applications.
Genetic and chemical characterisation of the cornexistin pathway provides further insight into maleidride biosynthesis
Authors: Williams Katherine , Szwalbe Agnieszka J. , Dickson Claire , Desson Tim R. , Mulholland Nicholas P. , Vincent Jason L. , Clough John M. , Bailey Andrew M. , Butts Craig P. , Willis Christine L. , Simpson Thomas J. , Cox Russell J.
Published: June 2017

The biosynthetic gene cluster for the selective herbicide cornexistin 1 from the fungus Paecilomyces variotii has been identified and analysed.
A naphthalene-fused dimer of an anti-aromatic expanded isophlorin
Authors: Reddy Baddigam Kiran , Rawson Jeff , Gadekar Santosh C. , Kögerler Paul , Anand Venkataramanarao G.
Published: June 2017

Reduced anti-aromaticity in a naphthalene fused expanded isophlorin dimer due to unexpected cross conjugation.
Highly productive CO2 hydrogenation to methanol – a tandem catalytic approach via amide intermediates
Authors: Everett M. , Wass D. F.
Published: June 2017

Amines to an end – homogeneous ruthenium catalysts based on mixed donor P–N ligands with a range of amine auxiliaries are highly productive for CO2 reduction to methanol, the nature of this amine having a profound effect on performance.
Novel drug–drug cocrystals of carbamazepine with para-aminosalicylic acid: screening, crystal structures and comparative study of carbamazepine cocrystal formation thermodynamics
Authors: Drozd Ksenia V. , Manin Alex N. , Churakov Andrei V. , Perlovich German L.
Published: June 2017

The cocrystal formation of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ) withpara-aminosalicylic acid (PASA, antituberculous drug) has been studied by varying methods.
Solid state microwave synthesis of highly crystalline ordered mesoporous hausmannite Mn3O4films
Authors: Xia Yanfeng , Qiang Zhe , Lee Byeongdu , Becker Matthew L. , Vogt Bryan D.
Published: June 2017

Microwave calcination of ordered micelle templated manganese carbonate films leads to highly crystalline, ordered mesoporous manganese oxide, while similar temperatures in a furnace lead to disordered, amorphous manganese oxide.
The impact of chemical structure and molecular packing on the electronic polarisation of fullerene arrays
Authors: Few Sheridan , Chia Cleaven , Teo Daniel , Kirkpatrick James , Nelson Jenny
Published: June 2017

Calculations show that molecular packing motif and direction of separation have a large influence on the energetic landscape for charge separation in fullerene arrays.
Magnetic circular dichroism of UCl6−in the ligand-to-metal charge-transfer spectral region
Authors: Gendron Frédéric , Fleischauer Valerie E. , Duignan Thomas J. , Scott Brian L. , Löble Matthias W. , Cary Samantha K. , Kozimor Stosh A. , Bolvin Hélène , Neidig Michael L. , Autschbach Jochen
Published: June 2017

We present a combinedab initiotheoretical and experimental study of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectrum of the octahedral UCl6−complex ion in the UV-Vis spectral region.
Schottky barrier and band edge engineering via the interfacial structure and strain for the Pt/TiO2 heterostructure
Authors: Ma Xiangchao , Wu Xin , Wang Yucheng , Dai Ying
Published: June 2017

The Schottky barrier of the Pt/TiO2 interface depends strongly on both the interfacial stain and structure.
Two-layer and composite films based on oxidized and fluorinated graphene
Authors: Ivanov A. I. , Nebogatikova N. A. , Kotin I. A. , Antonova I. V.
Published: June 2017

This study is devoted to the production and investigation of dielectric films, based on oxidized and fluorinated graphene suspensions.
Mastering high resolution tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: towards a shift of perception
Authors: Richard-Lacroix Marie , Zhang Yao , Dong Zhenchao , Deckert Volker
Published: June 2017

Recent years have seen tremendous improvement of our understanding of high resolution reachable in TERS experiments, forcing us to re-evaluate our understanding of the intrinsic limits of this field, but also exposing several inconsistencies.
Continuous CO2 esterification to diethyl carbonate (DEC) at atmospheric pressure: application of porous membranes for in situ H2O removal
Authors: Wang Junhui , Hao Zhengping , Wohlrab Sebastian
Published: June 2017

Carbon dioxide esterification at atmospheric pressure in the presence of dehydrating membranes produces more diethyl carbonate compared to batch processes.
Elemental mapping of Mg/Ca intensity ratios in marine mollusc shells using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Hausmann N. , Siozos P. , Lemonis A. , Colonese A. C. , Robson H. K. , Anglos D.
Published: June 2017

Here we apply Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) to efficiently map the elemental change throughout the growth increments of three mollusc shells. We employ an automated LIBS setup to map the Mg/Ca composition of whole shell sections with over 2000 data points per hour.
Construction of hollow Co3O4cubes as a high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Zichao , Ren Sijia , Zhang Bingke , Yang Shuhua , Cao Bingqiang
Published: June 2017

We report on hollow Co3O4cubes synthesizedviaa self-sacrificing template method and their application as an anode material for reversible electrochemical lithium storage.
Design and characterization of a plasmonic Doppler grating for azimuthal angle-resolved surface plasmon resonances
Authors: See Kel-Meng , Lin Fan-Cheng , Huang Jer-Shing
Published: June 2017

A plasmonic Doppler grating (PDG) provides an azimuthal angle-dependent continuous broadband lattice momentum and serves as a broadband continuous grating platform for micro- to nanophotonic spectroscopic applications. The PDG can be easily introduced into microfluidic systems as an on-site spectroscopic detector.
The competing effects of core rigidity and linker flexibility in the nanoassembly of trivalent small molecule-DNA hybrids (SMDH3s)–a synergistic experimental-modeling study
Authors: Cho Vincent Y. , Hong Bong Jin , Kohlstedt Kevin L. , Schatz George C. , Nguyen SonBinh T.
Published: June 2017

The nanoassembly behavior of trivalent small molecule-DNA hybrids (SMDH3s) was investigated as a function of core geometry and supramolecular flexibility through a synergistic experimental-modeling study.
Enzymatic biomineralization of biocompatible CuInS2, (CuInZn)S2and CuInS2/ZnS core/shell nanocrystals for bioimaging
Authors: Spangler Leah C. , Chu Roxanne , Lu Li , Kiely Christopher J. , Berger Bryan W. , McIntosh Steven
Published: June 2017

This work demonstrates a bioenabled, aqueous phase, room temperature route to synthesize CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots conjugated to IgG antibodies for fluorescent tagging of THP-1 leukemia cells.
A fiber asymmetric supercapacitor based on FeOOH/PPy on carbon fibers as an anode electrode with high volumetric energy density for wearable applications
Authors: Gong Xuefei , Li Shaohui , Lee Pooi See
Published: June 2017

A fiber asymmetric supercapacitor with a FeOOH/PPy anode has been fabricated, achieving high volumetric energy density and water-proof feature.
Catching the chloride: searching for non-Hofmeister selectivity behavior in systematically varied polyamide macrocyclic receptors
Authors: Dabrowa Kajetan , Ulatowski Filip , Lichosyt Dawid , Jurczak Janusz
Published: June 2017

Searching for regularities in the large set of structurally diverse macrocyclic probes allowed us to determine the structural requirements for the selective recognition of chloride over more basic anions such as H2PO4− or RCO2− by a putative anion receptor.
Synthesis of molecular brushes by telomerization
Authors: Teulère Coralie , Nicolaÿ Renaud
Published: June 2017

This work reports the straightforward synthesis of molecular brushes by telomerization from polythiol multifunctional macrotransfer agents.
Indentation haute fréquence : vers le contrôle non-destructif des structures
Authors: Passilly Bruno , Lamboul Benjamin , Roche Jean-Michel
Published: June 2017

La nanoindentation est couramment utilisée pour déterminer les propriétés mécaniques locales des matériaux. La matière est sollicitée de façon quasi statique en appliquant un indenteur sur la surface à analyser. À partir de la courbe représentant la charge appliquée par l’indenteur sur le matériau en fonction du déplacement de l’indenteur, les modèles classiques permettent de déterminer le module d’Young local en tout point de test [Oliver & Pharr, AIP Conference proceedings 7 (1992) 1564-1583; Doerner & Nix, J. Mater. Res. 1 (1986) 601-609; Loubet et al., Vickers indentation curves of elastoplastic materials, in American Society for Testing and Materials STP 889, Microindentation Techniques in Materials Science and Engineering, Blau & Lawn eds, 1986, pp. 72-89]. Cet essai est surtout utilisé sur de petites surfaces de matière (<1 cm2), qui doivent présenter un état de surface poli et plan afin de ne pas fausser la mesure, mais n’est pas adapté sur des pièces de structure de type tôle ou sandwich composite (>1000 cm2). Par extension de la méthode CSM (Continuous Stiffness Measurement) [Asif et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70 (1999) 2408-2413], l’indenteur peut servir de générateur de vibrations. Pour cela l’indenteur est positionné sur un empilement de céramiques piézoélectriques et est appliqué sur la surface à analyser à une charge fixe de 1000 mN. L’indenteur est soumis à une oscillation à une fréquence de 5 kHz, alimenté à 10 V. Les ondes ultrasonores ainsi générées, dites «ondes de Lamb», induisent un déplacement nanométrique de la surface, détectable par un vibromètre laser. Il est alors possible de suivre la propagation du front d’onde et de détecter ses interactions avec d’éventuels défauts de la structure inspectée [Boro Djordjevic, Quantitative ultrasonic guided wave testing of composites, The 39th Annual Review of Progress, 2013]. Il en résulte une cartographie complète de la surface. L’indenteur peut aussi être utilisé comme récepteur de l’onde générée. Le positionnement d’indenteurs récepteurs en plusieurs endroits de la structure permet de mesurer le temps de vol de l’onde entre l’indenteur émetteur et l’indenteur récepteur. La connaissance précise de la distance entre les points d’émission et de réception de l’onde permet de mesurer les vitesses en fonction de l’anisotropie du matériau, ce qui, à terme, peut permettre de remonter à ses constantes d’élasticité.
Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review
Authors: Chughtai Morad , Khlopas Anton , Harwin Steven , Miniaci Anthony , Mont Michael , Muschler George , Piuzzi Nicolas
Published: June 2017

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) consists of a volume of plasma with a platelet concentration above whole blood baseline values. Based on the group of bioactive molecules that platelets release when activated and the regenerative and healing potential they have, the use of PRP has followed a rapid development and application in orthopedics, with applications that frequently outpaces the basic science and clinical evidence supporting its use. Currently, significant heterogeneity and discrepancies exist between the different types of available PRP formulations. Because of this, although there is a vast literature on PRP, the published results are often contradictory, making it challenging to obtain definitive conclusions. Therefore, the purpose of this review article is to provide an overview of PRP with a focus on (1) preparation protocols; (2) nomenclature and classifications; (3) biological effects; and (4) clinical evidence of its role in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. On the basis of the current evidence, although PRP injections reduced pain and improved function more efficiently when compared with controls, these findings need to be interpreted with caution due to the limited level of evidence and high risk of bias. There is a need for a standardized scientific approach for analyzing PRP formulations composition, beginning with standardization of PRP preparation protocols, and detailed characterization of the final product (e.g., platelets and leukocytes content, volume, growth factors profile). Good quality and sizeable double-blinded randomized trials will be required to establish whether or not PRP injections are effective and should be included as a standard of care for the management of patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Sustained Release of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 from Platelet-Rich Chondroitin Sulfate Glycosaminoglycan Gels
Authors: Birdwhistell Kate , Karumbaiah Lohitash , Franklin Samuel
Published: June 2017

Activated platelet-rich plasma (PRP), also referred to as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), has been used to augment numerous techniques of cartilage repair in the knee but does not always result in superior quality of repair tissue. One possible reason that PRF does not consistently result in excellent cartilage regeneration is the transiency of growth factor provision with PRF. The objective of this study was to compare the release of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 from PRF and from PRP combined with a novel chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (CS-GAG) gel. PRP was prepared from nine healthy dogs and split into two aliquots: one activated with bovine thrombin and calcium chloride (CaCl2) to form PRF and the other aliquot was used to rehydrate a lyophilized CS-GAG gel. Both PRF and the CS-GAG gels were incubated in media for 13 days and media were collected, stored, and replaced every 48 hours and the concentration of TGF-β1 quantified in the media using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Concentrations of TGF-β1 in the media were up to three times greater with the CS-GAG gels and were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than with PRF on days 3, 5, 7, 9, and 13. Furthermore, TGF-β1 elution was still substantial at day 13 with the use of the CS-GAG gels. Additional in vitro work is warranted to characterize TGF-β1 elution from this CS-GAG gel with human PRP and to determine whether the use of these CS-GAG gels can augment cartilage repair in vivo.
Comparison of removal techniques in the management of buried bumper syndrome: a retrospective cohort study of 82 patients
Authors: Mueller-Gerbes Daniela , Hartmann Bettina , Lima Julio , de Lemos Bonotto Michele , Merbach Christoph , Dormann Arno , Jakobs Ralf
Published: June 2017

Background and study aims Buried bumper syndrome is an infrequent complication of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) that can result in tube dysfunction, gastric perforation, bleeding, peritonitis or death. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different PEG tube removal methods in the management of buried bumper syndrome in a large retrospective cohort.

Patients and methods From 2002 to 2013, 82 cases of buried bumper syndrome were identified from the databases of two endoscopy referral centers. We evaluated the interval between gastrostomy tube placement and diagnosis of buried bumper syndrome, type of treatment, success rate and complications. Four methods were analyzed: bougie, grasp, needle-knife and minimally invasive push method using a papillotome, which were selected based on the depth of the buried bumper.

Results The buried bumper was cut free with a wire-guided papillotome in 35 patients (42.7 %) and with a needle-knife in 22 patients (26.8 %). It could be pushed into the stomach with a dilator without cutting in 10 patients (12.2 %), and was pulled into the stomach with a grasper in 12 patients (14.6 %). No adverse events (AEs) were registered in 70 cases (85.4 %). Bleeding occurred in 7 patients (31.8 %) after cutting with a needle-knife papillotome and in 1 patient (8.3 %) after grasping. No bleeding was recorded after using a standard papillotome or a bougie (P < 0.05). Ten of 22 patients (45.5 %) treated with the needle-knife had a serious AE and 1 patient died (4.5 %).

Conclusions We recommend that incomplete buried bumpers be removed with a bougie. In cases of complete buried bumper syndrome, the bumper should be cut with a wire-guided papillotome and pushed into the stomach.
Königsweg oder Traumtänzerkonzept?
Authors: Gangloff Luiza , Melka Larus
Published: June 2017

Räume für die Vorbereitung der Instrumententische Um die gesetzlich
vorgeschriebenen Maßnahmen einzuhalten, muss die Vorbereitung der
Instrumententische entweder im OP-Saal oder in einem dafür vorgesehenen Raum mit
der gleichen Raumklasse wie im OP-Saal stattfinden. Ein grundlegendes Ziel im
OP-Bereich ist die Optimierung der Auslastung beziehungsweise die Reduktion der
Wechselzeiten. Zur parallelen Durchführung der Prozesse – Saalreinigung und
Richten der Instrumente – ist die bauliche Realisierung eines separaten Raums
erforderlich. Über dessen Notwendigkeit besteht in der Regel Konsens mit den
Nutzern einer OP-Abteilung. Bei Aspekten wie Anzahl, Fläche und baulicher
Gestaltung gehen die Meinungen jedoch oft auseinander. Wir stellen Ihnen
verschiedene Konzepte vor.
Kultursensible Pflege
Authors: Welk Ina
Published: June 2017

Patienten mit Migrationshintergrund Die Pflege von Patienten mit
interkulturellem Hintergrund stellt für das Pflege- und ärztliche Personal eine
große Herausforderung dar, da oftmals ein Unverständnis für die fremde Kultur
vorliegt – und zwar auf beiden Seiten. Um „Fettnäpfchen“ zu vermeiden, sind
Fingerspitzengefühl und Wissen über die kulturellen Besonderheiten gefragt.
Die Rechtsfrage: Muss ich Patienten vor der Behandlung über Zuzahlung und Rezeptgebühr informieren?
Authors: Pitz Andreas
Published: June 2017

„Muss mein Patient unterzeichnen, dass er über die 10-prozentige Zuzahlung und die 10 Euro Rezeptgebühr informiert ist und dass sich die Beträge seitens der Krankenkassen ändern können? Muss ich ihm mitteilen, wenn sich die Zuzahlung erhöht hat?“

Praxisinhaberin aus dem Rhein-Neckar-Kreis
Screening als Verantwortung von Physiotherapeuten – Entscheidend handeln
Authors: Lüdtke Kerstin , Grauel Lucia , Laube Daniela
Published: June 2017

Noch stehen Therapeuten nicht in der rechtlichen Verantwortung, lebensbedrohliche Pathologien erkennen zu müssen. Ihre ethische Pflicht ist es aber jetzt schon, eine zügige medizinische Diagnose einzuleiten, wenn dies erforderlich ist. Anhand dreier Beispiele zeigt der Artikel, wie Therapeuten durch ein strukturiertes Screening schneller helfen können.
Lokale Vibration als Therapiemaßnahme – Good Vibration
Authors: Beinert Konstantin
Published: June 2017

Physiotherapeuten setzen die lokale Vibration vor allem in der Diagnostik ein, um zum Beispiel bei Patienten mit Polyneuropathie den Vibrationssinn zu testen. Weniger bekannt ist, welche Auswirkungen eine lokale Vibration auf die Propriozeption hat und wie sich das bei Patienten mit chronischen Nackenschmerzen oder Neglekt-Symptomen therapeutisch einsetzen lässt.
Neues bei Kopfschmerzen
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Gaul Charly , Holle-Lee Dagny , Lazaridis Lazaros , Nägel Steffen , Obermann Mark
Published: June 2017

Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die neuesten relevanten Informationen zu Thema Kopf- und Gesichtsschmerzen. Epidemiologische Daten
aus neuen Studien z. B. zum Zusammenhang von Migräne mit einem PFO, dem kardiovaskulären Risiko, dem Verhalten der Migränekopfschmerzen
während und nach der Menopause und der Entwicklung von „White Matter Lesions“ und der Migräne Genetik werden berichtet. Zur Pathophysiologie
der Migräne gibt es Neuigkeiten zur Aktivität des Hypothalamus während der Prodromalphase und dem Zusammenspiel von Hypothalamus und
Hirnstamm. Bezüglich der Attackentherapie konnten im letzten Jahr aus Studien und Metanalysen neue Informationen zum Triptaneinsatz, der
Behandlung der menstruellen Migränen und den hemiplegischen Migränevarianten generiert werden. Des Weiteren besteht Hoffnung für die bereits
verloren geglaubte Substanzgruppe der CGRP (calcitoningene related peptide)-Antagonisten, da die bisherigen Studiendaten zu Ubrogepant
keinen Hinweis auf Hepatotoxizität geben und die Wirksamkeit der Substanz belegen. Die Neuigkeiten zur Migräneprophylaxe konzentrieren sich
größtenteils auf den Stand der Untersuchungen zur Behandlung mit monoklonalen Antikörpern gegen CGRP und dessen Rezeptor, aber auch weiter
Studiendaten zu bekannten Migräneprophlaktika und neuen interessanten Ansätzen werden kompakt diskutiert. Des Weiteren werden Neuigkeiten
bezüglich des Kopfschmerz bei Medikamentenübergebrauch und dem Kopfschmerz von Spannungstyp, ebenso wie für die trigeminoautonomen
Kopfschmerzen, die Trigeminusneuralgie und den „Neu aufgetretenen täglichen Kopfschmerz“ übersichtlich dargestellt.
Tapen an der Hand – Klebe-Refresher
Authors: Wittek Svenja
Published: June 2017

Im Artikel „Tapen an der Hand“ in physiopraxis 6/17 hat sich ein Fehler eingeschlichen. Beim Faszientape auf Seite 40 testet der Therapeut zunächst die Spannung der entsprechenden Faszie. Die Richtung, in die sich diese leichter verschieben lässt, gibt dann die Zugrichtung des Tapes an. Im Artikel steht fälschlicherweise, dass die Richtung dadurch bestimmt wird, in welche die Faszie schwerer verschiebbar ist.
Graphene/SiO2 nanocomposites: The enhancement of photocatalytic and biomedical activity of SiO2 nanoparticles by graphene
Authors: Arshad Aqsa , Iqbal Javed , Mansoor Qaisar , Ahmed Ishaq
Published: June 2017

The exceptional conducting nature of graphene makes it a viable candidate for enhancing the effectiveness of photocatalytic and biomedical nanomaterials. Herein, the immobilization of monodispersed silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles on multiple graphene layers is demonstrated for intercalation of graphene nanoplatelets. Interestingly, the addition of graphene nanoplatelets with SiO2 nanoparticles enhances the photocatalytic efficiency from 46% to 99%. For biomedical applications, it is found that 75% of Gram positive and 50% of Gram negative bacteria have been killed; hence, bacterial proliferation is significantly restricted. Further, the cytotoxicity study reveals that the synthesised nanocomposites are non-toxic for both normal (human corneal epithelial cells) and cancerous (MCF-7, HEp-2) cell lines which signify their potential as carriers for drug delivery. The prepared nanocomposites with a controlled amount of carbon in the form of graphene can be employed for photocatalysis based waste water remediation, biomedicine, and nanodrug delivery.
DSMC modeling of flows with recombination reactions
Authors: Gimelshein Sergey , Wysong Ingrid
Published: June 2017

An empirical microscopic recombination model is developed for the direct simulation Monte Carlo method that complements the extended weak vibrational bias model of dissociation. The model maintains the correct equilibrium reaction constant in a wide range of temperatures by using the collision theory to enforce the number of recombination events. It also strictly follows the detailed balance requirement for equilibrium gas. The model and its implementation are verified with oxygen and nitrogen heat bath relaxation and compared with available experimental data on atomic oxygen recombination in argon and molecular nitrogen.
Optimal response of Batchelor vortex
Authors: Blanco-Rodríguez Francisco J. , Rodríguez-García Jesús O. , Parras Luis , del Pino Carlos
Published: June 2017

The optimal response of the Batchelor vortex is studied by considering the time-harmonically forced problem with frequency ω. High variance levels are sustained in this system under periodic forcing. The optimal response is largest when the input frequency is null in the axisymmetric case (m = 0). In addition, the axial flow does not play a relevant part in determining the optimal response. When considering helical modes |m| = 1, perturbations are excited through a resonance mechanism at moderate and large wavelengths. At smaller wavelengths, a large response is excited by steady forcing. Regarding the axial flow, the response is largest when the axial velocity intensity is near to zero. For perturbations with larger azimuthal wavenumbers |m| > 1, the magnitude of the response is smaller than those for helical modes. Therefore, studying the response for |m| > 1 is of no interest.
Nonlinear vibration behaviors of high-Tc superconducting bulks in an applied permanent magnetic array field
Authors: Li Jipeng , Li Haitao , Zheng Jun , Zheng Botian , Huang Huan , Deng Zigang
Published: June 2017

The nonlinear vibration of high temperature superconducting (HTS) bulks in an applied permanent magnetic array (Halbach array) field, as a precondition for commercial application to HTS maglev train and HTS bearing, is systematically investigated. This article reports the actual vibration rules of HTS bulks from three aspects. First, we propose a new numerical model to simplify the calculation of levitation force. This model could provide precise simulations, especially the estimation of eigenfrequency. Second, an approximate analytic solution of the vibration of the HTS bulks is obtained by using the method of harmonic balance. Finally, to verify the results mentioned above, we measure the vertical vibration acceleration signals of an HTS maglev model, consisting of eight YBaCuO bulks, oscillating freely above a Halbach array with large displacement excitation. Higher order harmonic components, which indicate the nonlinear vibration phenomenon, are detected in the responses. All the three results are compared and agreed well with each other. This study combines the experimental and theoretical analyses and provides a deep understanding of the physical phenomenon of the nonlinear vibration and is meaningful for the vibration control of the relevant applications.
A jellium model of a catalyst particle in carbon nanotube growth
Authors: Artyukhov Vasilii I. , Liu Mingjie , Penev Evgeni S. , Yakobson Boris I.
Published: June 2017

We show how a jellium model can represent a catalyst particle within the density-functional theory based approaches to the growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The advantage of jellium is an abridged, less computationally taxing description of the multi-atom metal particle, while at the same time in avoiding the uncertainty of selecting a particular atomic geometry of either a solid or ever-changing liquid catalyst particle. A careful choice of jellium sphere size and its electron density as a descriptive parameter allows one to calculate the CNT–metal interface energies close to explicit full atomistic models. Further, we show that using jellium permits computing and comparing the formation of topological defects (sole pentagons or heptagons, the culprits of growth termination) as well as pentagon–heptagon pairs 5|7 (known as chirality-switching dislocation).
Effect of microstructure on irradiated ferroelectric thin films
Authors: Brewer Steven J. , Zhou Hanhan , Williams Samuel C. , Rudy Ryan Q. , Rivas Manuel , Polcawich Ronald G. , Cress Cory D. , Glaser Evan R. , Paisley Elizabeth A. , Ihlefeld Jon F. , Jones Jacob L. , Bassiri-Gharb Nazanin
Published: June 2017

This work investigates the role of microstructure on radiation-induced changes to the functional response of ferroelectric thin films. Chemical solution-deposited lead zirconate titanate thin films with columnar and equiaxed grain morphologies are exposed to a range of gamma radiation doses up to 10 Mrad and the resulting trends in functional response degradation are quantified using a previously developed phenomenological model. The observed trends of global degradation as well as local rates of defect saturation suggest strong coupling between ferroelectric thin film microstructure and material radiation hardness. Radiation-induced degradation of domain wall motion is thought to be the major contributor to the reduction in ferroelectric response. Lower rates of defect saturation are noted in samples with columnar grains, due to increased grain boundary density offering more sites to act as defect sinks, thus reducing the interaction of defects with functional material volume within the grain interior. Response trends for measurements at low electric field show substantial degradation of polarization and piezoelectric properties (up to 80% reduction in remanent piezoelectric response), while such effects are largely diminished at increased electric fields, indicating that the defects created/activated are primarily of low pinning energy. The correlation of film microstructure to radiation-induced changes to the functional response of ferroelectric thin films can be leveraged to tune and tailor the eventual properties of devices relying on these materials.
Electric field distribution and current emission in a miniaturized geometrical diode
Authors: Lin Jinpu , Wong Patrick Y. , Yang Penglu , Lau Y. Y. , Tang W. , Zhang Peng
Published: June 2017

We study the electric field distribution and current emission in a miniaturized geometrical diode. Using Schwarz-Christoffel transformation, we calculate exactly the electric field inside a finite vacuum cathode-anode (A-K) gap with a single trapezoid protrusion on one of the electrode surfaces. It is found that there is a strong field enhancement on both electrodes near the protrusion, when the ratio of the A-K gap distance to the protrusion height d/h<2. The calculations are spot checked against COMSOL simulations. We calculate the effective field enhancement factor for the field emission current, by integrating the local Fowler-Nordheim current density along the electrode surfaces. We systematically examine the electric field enhancement and the current rectification of the miniaturized geometrical diode for various geometric dimensions and applied electric fields.
Texture evolution during isothermal, isostrain, and isobaric loading of polycrystalline shape memory NiTi
Authors: Nicholson D. E. , Padula S. A. , Benafan O. , Vaidyanathan R.
Published: June 2017

In situ neutron diffraction was used to provide insights into martensite variant microstructures during isothermal, isobaric, and isostrain loading in shape memory NiTi. The results show that variant microstructures were equivalent for the corresponding strain, and more importantly, the reversibility and equivalency were immediately evident in variant microstructures that were first formed isobarically but then reoriented to near random self-accommodated microstructures following isothermal deformation. Variant microstructures formed isothermally were not significantly affected by a subsequent thermal cycle under constant strain. In all loading cases considered, the resulting variant microstructure correlated with strain and did not correlate with stress. Based on the ability to select a variant microstructure for a given strain despite thermomechanical loading history, the results demonstrated here can be obtained by following any sequence of thermomechanical loading paths over multiple cycles. Thus, for training shape memory alloys (repeating thermomechanical cycling to obtain the desired variant microstructure), optimal paths can be selected so as to minimize the number of training cycles required, thereby increasing the overall stability and fatigue life of these alloys in actuator or medical applications.
Ultrafast proton migration and Coulomb explosion of methyl chloride in intense laser fields
Authors: Ma Pan , Wang Chuncheng , Li Xiaokai , Yu Xitao , Tian Xu , Hu Wenhui , Yu Jiaqi , Luo Sizuo , Ding Dajun
Published: June 2017

We investigated the ultrafast proton migration and the Coulomb explosion (CE) dynamics of methyl chloride (CH3Cl) in intense femtosecond laser fields at the wavelengths of 800 nm (5.5 × 1014 W/cm2) and 400 nm (4 × 1014 W/cm2), respectively. Various fragment channels from molecular dication and trication were observed by coincidence momentum imaging through the measurement of their kinetic energy releases (KERs). The proton migration from different charged parent ions was analyzed from the obtained KER distributions. For the direct CE channel of CH3+ + Cl+ and CH3+ + Cl2+, the contribution of multiply excited electronic states and multicharged states is identified. In addition, the measurements of relative yields of the fragmentation channel at different laser wavelengths provide a selective control of proton migration for CH3Cl molecules in intense laser fields.
DC superimposed AC high voltage: A new strategy for transferring stable He atmospheric pressure cold plasma bullets through long dielectric tubes
Authors: Siadati S. N. , Sohbatzadeh F. , Valinataj Omran Azadeh
Published: June 2017

This study developed a stable transfer of He atmospheric pressure cold plasma bullets in a large dielectric tube with a length of 70 cm and an inner diameter of 0.4–1.6 cm. DC superimposed AC voltage was used for this purpose. The DC component of the applied voltage generated corona ionization through the tube, which helped in the ignition and transfer of the plasma as a pre-ionization background. The bullets followed the frequency of the AC component; therefore, very high applied energy was not required to ignite this large-scale plasma. To our knowledge, this is the first time such a complex waveform has been reported for the transfer of a plasma bullet. The characteristics of the transferring plasma bullet, such as the power, charge, propagation speed, resistance, AC electrical field (EF) of the plasma, and electrostatic field on the tube surface, were measured. The influence of the tube diameter on these characteristics was investigated. The results showed that the power applied, charge, and power deposited on the target increased as the tube diameter increased. Less plasma resistance and radiation were observed using larger diameters. The root mean square (RMS) values of the axial AC EF of the bullet along the jet axis were higher for the larger diameters, but no special relation between the propagation speed, radial AC EF, and static surface field and tube diameter was observed.
True Bargmann transforms for rank one automorphic functions associated with Landau levels
Authors: Intissar Ahmed , Ziyat Mohammed
Published: June 2017

For a given discrete subgroup Γ of (C,+) and given real number ν>0, we study the spectral properties of the magnetic Laplacian operator Δν acting on the Hilbert space LΓ,χ2,ν(C) of (L2,Γ)-automorphic functions (see below for notations). We show that its spectrum is reduced to the eigenvalues νm; m=0,1,…. We also give a concrete description of each eigenspace in terms of the Hermite polynomials. This description will be used to characterize the range of true Bargmann transform of L2-periodic functions on the real line R.
Distribution pattern of poisonous plant species in arid grasslands: a case from Xinjiang, Northwestern China
Authors: Zhang Hong-Xiang , Zhang Ming-Li , Wang Yong
Published: June 2017

Poisonous plants threaten the ecosystem health of grasslands and the sustainability of animal husbandry. In arid lands, grassland ecosystems tend to be vulnerable and have been degraded due to the influence of human activities. The total area of the natural grasslands in Xinjiang, a large region in arid north-western China, ranks third in terms of area in China. In the process of grassland degradation, poisonous plants have spread widely and quickly in this region. During recent years, increasing economic losses have been caused by poisonous plants in Xinjiang. Although poisonous plants have been reported at some specific locations, their spatial patterns have rarely been investigated at a large regional scale. To understand the current status of hazards and assess the invasion risks of poisonous plants, we sampled ~150 poisonous plant species from Xinjiang and modelled the present and the future (the 2050s and the 2070s) distribution of 90 species using species distribution modelling. Based on the distribution maps of these poisonous plants, four diversity hotspots of poisonous plants were identified in Xinjiang. The results showed that northern Xinjiang had higher levels of poisonous plant diversity compared with the other part of Xinjiang. The precipitation factors had the most influence on prediction of the poisonous plants distributions in the species distribution modelling. Under the scenarios of future climate change, the results of modelling showed that regions close to the four hotspots of poisonous plants in Xinjiang displayed higher risks of invasion by poisonous plants in the future. In addition, these areas with a high risk of plant invasion will become increasingly large. We propose that policy makers consider implementing monitoring and prevention measures in areas identified as having a high risk of future invasion by poisonous plants.