bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Vacuolar Type ATPase in the Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Authors:   , Shadija Neeta Vijay , Vaidya Akhil B. , Ke Hangjun
Published: January 2022

V-type ATPases are highly conserved multi-subunit proton pumps found in all eukaryotic organisms. They are present in the membranes of various intracellular organelles such as lysosomes, endosomes and secretory vesicles. They use ATP hydrolysis to pump protons to acidify intracellular compartments and are thus crucial for various cellular processes. A unique feature of this machinery is the reversible assembly/disassembly of its domains (V1 and Vo), regulating the pump's function in response to extracellular conditions. This machinery is evolutionarily conserved in malaria parasites; however, its biological significance has been under-appreciated. To understand the localisation, mechanism and regulation of this proton pumping machinery in Plasmodium falciparum, we utilised CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing tools to tag the subunit A of V-Type ATPase (V1A) with a triple hemagglutinin (3HA) epitope. We also employed a conditional knockdown system via TetR-DOZI-aptamers to regulate expression of the tagged subunit A with a small non-toxic molecule, anhydrotetracycline (aTc). By immunofluorescence assays, we identified that V-type ATPase is expressed throughout the asexual developmental cycle in RBCs and is mainly localised on the parasite's food vacuole and plasma membrane. Using BN-PAGE and Western blot, we detected a large complex (~ 1.2 M Da) corresponding to the molecular weights of V1 and Vo domains. Moreover, we also observed many intermediate complexes with unknown identities. Upon knockdown of V1A, we detected that the parasite Food Vacuole loses its integrity and does not digest haemoglobin efficiently. Overall, in this study we have revealed the localisation and essentiality of the V-type ATPase in the asexual developmental stage of Plasmodium falciparum.
The effects of muscle activity and fatigue on three-dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics
Authors:   , Ebaugh D. David , Palisano Robert J
Published: January 2022

Shoulder pain is common among individuals who regularly use their arms in an overhead repetitive manner. One plausible cause of shoulder pain is altered scapulothoracic and/or glenohumeral kinematics secondary to changes in muscle activity and/or fatigue. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of different levels of shoulder muscle activity and fatigue on scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics in a healthy population. To examine the effects of different muscle activity levels on scapulothoracic kinematics, trials of active and passive arm elevation were performed. There was more upward rotation of the scapula, external rotation of the scapula, clavicular retraction, and clavicular elevation when the arm was raised actively. This was most pronounced for scapular upward rotation through the mid-range of arm elevation. To examine the effects of muscle fatigue on scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics, two fatigue protocols (shoulder elevation and shoulder external rotation) were performed. Three-dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics were collected prior to and immediately following the fatigue protocols. In the shoulder elevation fatigue protocol, subjects performed a series of tasks that required them to use their arms in a repetitive, overhead manner. Following the completion of the shoulder elevation fatigue protocol, subjects demonstrated more upward and external rotation of the scapula, more clavicular retraction, and less humeral external rotation during arm elevation. Following the completion of the external rotation fatigue protocol, subjects demonstrated more scapular upward rotation, more clavicular retraction, less posterior tilt of the scapula, and less external rotation of the humerus. Overall, this research demonstrates the important role that the shoulder girdle musculature has in the production and control of scapulothoracic motion. These studies have shown that altered levels of muscle activity and fatigue lead to alterations in scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics. Additionally, the patterns of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematic change were similar for the elevation and external rotation fatigue protocols. This suggests that there may be an inherent compensatory mechanism whereby scapulothoracic motion is altered in response to impairments of the rotator cuff muscles.
Predicting Cognitive Control Associated Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Symptoms in Adolescents and Early Adults Using Individually Measured Functional Connectivity
Authors:   , Deck Benjamin Lee , Medaglia John D
Published: January 2022

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental neuropsychiatric condition affecting individuals throughout the lifespan. Two common symptoms of ADHD are inattention and impulsivity. These symptoms are hypothesized to be caused by aberrant functional and anatomical connectivity between associated brain networks. However, the relationships between these deficits and brain organization across individuals are not well understood. Many of the brain networks that have been associated with inattention and impulsivity are also implicated in cognitive control (a well understood psychological and neurobiological component in human cognition). Indeed, many of the deficits associated with ADHD have been described as cognitive control deficits. Here, we examined the variability in brain networks (specifically, the two fronto-parietal control (FPCN-A and B), dorsal attention (DAN), cingulo-opercular (CON), and default mode networks (DMN), estimated at the level of single subjects to predict inattention and impulsivity in ADHD and healthy controls using support vector regression. We hypothesize that the role of FPCN-A is to downregulate activity within DMN during task positive activity allowing the external guidance of FPCN-B to become more active. Additionally, we hypothesize that the role of FPCN-B and its dynamic interactions with DAN and CON will predict impulsive behavior. We found that functional connectivity between FPCN-A and the Lateral-DMN predicted inattention across all subjects and further within ADHD subjects alone, but not within controls. We also found that connectivity between FPCN-A, CON, and DAN predicted impulsivity within ADHD subjects and controls. Furthermore, we found that connectivity between FPCN-B, CON and DAN predicted impulsivity in controls. The findings suggest that single-subject network mapping is sensitive to inattention and impulsive behaviors in healthy individuals and those with ADHD.
Strategic fit in supply chain and supplier audit fees
Authors:   , Liu Sheng , Chang Hsihui , Curatola Anthony Paul
Published: January 2022

This study examines whether the strategic fit between supply chain participants is associated with supplier audit fees. I posit that strategic fit should enhance the trust and information sharing between trading partners and mitigate the business risk and inherent risk of suppliers, thereby leading to lower audit fees. I utilize regulation-mandated major customer disclosure to construct a dataset consisting of supplier-customer dyads to investigate this proposition. The empirical results support my hypothesis. In addition, the results indicate that if auditors are industry specialists or have long tenures, they are more likely to recognize the benefits of strategic fit and lower the audit fees. Moreover, the results also show that when both parties are prospectors, strategic fit can help reduce audit fees for suppliers, more than when both follow defender strategies.
ÇEVRİMİÇİ ÖĞRENCİ BAĞLILIK ÖLÇEĞİNİN TÜRKÇE’YE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: POLAT Elif , HOPCAN Sinan , KAMALI ARSLANTAŞ Tuğba
Published: January 2022

Çevrimiçi öğrenme ortamlarının etkililiğini belirleyen en önemli faktörlerden biri bağlılıktır. Bağlılık; öğrenci başarısını, motivasyon ve memnuniyetini arttırırken, soyutlanma hissini azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Dixson (2010) tarafından geliştirilen çevrimiçi öğrenci bağlılık ölçeğinin (Online Student Engagement Scale) Türkçe uyarlamasını yapmak, bununla birlikte geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı ortaya çıkarmaktır. Çalışma ilk olarak özgün ölçeğin Türkçeye çevrilmesiyle başlamış, dilsel eşdeğerlik ve ön pilot uygulamasıyla ölçeğe son hali verilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını üniversitede okuyan 254 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, yapı geçerliliğini göstermek için doğrulayıcı faktör analizine başvurulmuştur. Türkçe ölçekte 19 maddenin tümü ve 4 faktörlü (beceriler, duygu, katılım ve performans) yapı korunmuş ve yapının özgün ölçekle uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiştir. Uyum ölçümlerinin kabul edilebilir uyumun üstünde iyi uyum gösterdiği görülmektedir. Cronbach alfa değerleri α=,77 ile α=,87 arasında değişmektedir. Elde edilen değerlerle ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğinin sağlandığı görülmüştür. Özellikle çevrimiçi öğrenme uygulamalarının yoğun bir şekilde kullanıldığı günümüzde bu çalışma, öğrencilerin çevrimiçi öğrenmeye bağlılıklarının tespit edilmesinde önemli bir ölçek sunmaktadır. Buradan yola çıkarak da çevrimiçi öğrenmede en etkili unsurlardan biri olan çevrimiçi bağlılığı artırmak adına öğretim tasarımcıları ve öğretmenler öğrencileri çevrimiçi öğrenme konusunda teşvik eden, yönlendiren stratejiler geliştirebilirler.
ORTAOKUL ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN VÜCUDUMUZDAKİ SİSTEMLER ÜNİTESİNE İLİŞKİN METAFORİK ALGILARI
Authors: DURMAZ Esra , ZORLUOĞLU Seraceddin Levent , OKCU Betül
Published: January 2022

Çalışmada, 6. 7. ve 8.sınıf öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersi “Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler” ünitesi kavramlarına ilişkin sahip oldukları metaforları ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin fen bilimleri dersi “vücudumuzdaki sistemler” ünitesi kavramlarına yönelik metaforik algılarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla çalışmada olgu bilim (fenomonoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 6., 7. ve 8. sınıfta öğrenim gören ve gönüllü katılım sağlayan 450 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin “Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler” ünitesi kavramlarına yönelik metaforik algıları, çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen metaforlar, içerik analizi yoluyla analiz edilmiştir. Kavramla ilgili metaforların değerlendirmesinden sonra metaforların listesi yapılmış ve her bir metaforu temsil eden öğrenci sayısı (f) ve yüzdesi (%) hesaplanmıştır. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin ‘Vücudumuzdaki Sistemler’ ünitesi kavramlarına ilişkin sahip oldukları metaforları ortaya çıkarmak için yapılan bu çalışmada öğrencilerin beyin, iskelet, eklem, kan, damar, akciğer kavramlarına yönelik birbirinden farklı toplam 266 metafor geliştirmeleri bu kavramlarla ilgili bakış açılarının farklılığını göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak 6.sınıflar 7. ve 8. sınıflara göre kavramlara yönelik daha az sayıda metafor üretmişlerdir. 8. sınıflar ise çok sayıda metafor üretmişlerdir. Öğrencilerin oluşturdukları metaforlar, çoğunlukla şekil ve görünüş olarak benzetmelerdir.
Pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap prestasi belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMAN 02 Batu
Authors: Febbivoyna Debora , Sumarjono Sumarjono , Tahan Sungkowo Bambang
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Discovery Learning terhadap prestasi belajar fisika. Model pembelajaran Discovery Learning termasuk level pertama dari Levels of Inquiry merupakan model pembelajaran yang membuat siswa aktif menemukan konsep fisika serta mengkonstruksi sendiri pengetahuannya. Melalui model pembelajaran Discovery Learning, siswa mampu menguasai konsep fisika dan mampu meningkatkan prestasi belajarnya. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar fisika siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning sebesar 3,06, sedangkan nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar fisika siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan cara konvensional adalah 2,77. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah: 1) Prestasi belajar fisika siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning lebih tinggi dari pada siswa yang dibelajarkan secara konvensional. 2) Model pembelajaran Discovery Learning berpengaruh terhadap prestasi belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMAN 02 Batu.
Significant of Gradient Boosting Algorithm in Data Management System
Authors: Hosen Md Saikat , Amin Ruhul
Published: January 2022

Gradient boosting machines, the learning process successively fits fresh prototypes to offer a more precise approximation of the response parameter. The principle notion associated with this algorithm is that a fresh base-learner construct to be extremely correlated with the “negative gradient of the loss function” related to the entire ensemble. The loss function's usefulness can be random, nonetheless, for a clearer understanding of this subject, if the “error function is the model squared-error loss”, then the learning process would end up in sequential error-fitting. This study is aimed at delineating the significance of the gradient boosting algorithm in data management systems. The article will dwell much the significance of gradient boosting algorithm in text classification as well as the limitations of this model. The basic methodology as well as the basic-learning algorithm of the gradient boosting algorithms originally formulated by Friedman, is presented in this study. This may serve as an introduction to gradient boosting algorithms. This article has displayed the approach of gradient boosting algorithms. Both the hypothetical system and the plan choices were depicted and outlined. We have examined all the basic stages of planning a specific demonstration for one’s experimental needs. Elucidation issues have been tended to and displayed as a basic portion of the investigation. The capabilities of the gradient boosting algorithms were examined on a set of real-world down-to-earth applications such as text classification.
Epithelial Barrier: Protector and Trigger of Allergic Disorders
Authors: Izquierdo E , Rodriguez-Coira J , Delgado-Dolset MI , Gomez-Casado C , Barber D , Escribese MM
Published: January 2022

The epithelial barrier has classically been considered as the only first line of defense against irritants, pathogens, and allergens. However, it is now known to play an essential role in the immune response to exogenous agents. In fact, recent reports postulate the epithelial barrier hypothesis as a possible explanation for the increasing incidence and severity of allergic diseases. The epithelial barrier preserves the isolation of internal tissues from potential external threats. Moreover, a coordinated interaction between epithelial and immune cells ensures the unique immune response taking place in mucosal tissues, which is reported to be dysregulated in allergic diseases. We and others have demonstrated that in severe allergic phenotypes, the epithelial barrier undergoes several histological modifications, with increased infiltration of immune cells, leading to dysfunction. This is common in atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergy. However, the precise role of the epithelial barrier in mucosal biology during progression of allergic diseases is not well understood. In this review, we aim to compile recent knowledge regarding the histological structure and immunological function of the epithelial barrier and to shed light on the role of this compartment in the onset and progression of allergic diseases.
Trust: The Key to Social Cohesion and Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Keefer Philip , Scartascini Carlos
Published: January 2022

La confianza es el problema más acuciante y, sin embargo, el menos abordado al que se enfrenta América Latina y el Caribe. Ya se trate de los demás, del gobierno o de las empresas, la confianza en la región es menor que en cualquier otra parte del mundo. Las consecuencias económicas y políticas de la desconfianza se propagan a toda la sociedad. La desconfianza reduce el crecimiento y la innovación: la inversión, la iniciativa empresarial y el empleo florecen cuando las empresas y el gobierno, los trabajadores y los empleadores, los bancos y prestatarios, así como los consumidores y productores confían unos en otros. Por otro lado, la confianza dentro de las organizaciones del sector privado y público es esencial para la colaboración y la innovación. La desconfianza distorsiona la toma de decisiones democrática. Impide que los ciudadanos exijan mejores servicios públicos e infraestructura, y que se unan entre sí para controlar la corrupción; asimismo, reduce sus incentivos para hacer sacrificios colectivos que benefician a todos. La buena noticia es que los gobiernos pueden aumentar la confianza ciudadana con promesas más claras sobre lo que los ciudadanos pueden esperar de ellos, con reformas del sector público que les permitan cumplir sus promesas y con reformas institucionales que refuercen los compromisos que los ciudadanos contraigan unos con otros. Este libro orienta a los responsables de la toma de decisiones en su esfuerzo para incorporar la confianza y la cohesión social en las reformas integrales necesarias para abordar los retos más difíciles de la región.
Evolución de las concepciones del alumnado de Educación Primaria sobre la Historia como disciplina
Authors: Martínez-Hita María , Miralles Martínez Pedro
Published: January 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación cuasiexperimental fue analizar la evolución de las concepciones sobre la historia como disciplina del alumnado de 4.º de Educación Primaria, comparando un grupo experimental que siguió una metodología activa basada en el pensamiento histórico con un grupo control que trabajó con una metodología tradicional. Antes y después de la intervención en el aula, el alumnado respondió a cuatro ítems de una prueba de rendimiento mixta. Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la comparación intergrupal en el postest e intragrupal, especialmente en el grupo experimental. Por ello, se sugiere la implementación de metodologías activas basadas en el pensamiento histórico para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la historia y las concepciones del alumnado sobre la misma.
Not a Democratic or a Republican problem’: the US Congress and the withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan
Authors: Gretskaia Olesia
Published: January 2022

The withdrawal from Afghanistan caused a mixed reaction in the US Congress. There is a significant difference between how the legislative branch reacted first to the decision to withdraw and then to its immediate implementation. The 117th Congress considered the circumstances of the withdrawal from the perspective of congressional oversight of the executive power’s actions. Lawmakers used several instruments within the framework of their constitutional powers to achieve this goal.
Mortar Based on Dune Sand and Substitute Wood Sawdust: Physico-Mechanical Characterization and Relationship Between Properties in Young Age
Authors: Aidoud Assia , Bencheikh Messaouda , Khaldi Nacera , Herga Ilyess Mouhamed Ahmed
Published: January 2022

The South of Algeria is known for these immense sand dunes, which cover part of its territory (Sahara). The main objective of this study is the recovery of sands dune and wood waste (sawdust). The latter, which constitutes a potential source of several environmental and economic problems. The objective of this present work is to characterize the physico-mechanical properties at a young age of a dune sand-based mortar lightened by wood waste and to examine the suitability of using it for various applications in the construction of buildings. The improvement of the characteristics of these sands, which essentially formed of sand untapped to date and with the sole aim of enhancing this national sand wealth. The formulation of the mixtures is based on the substitution of dune sand by sawdust, at different weight contents 0, 10, 20 and 30%. The quantity of cement is fixed at 450 g. The results obtained show firstly that the introduction of sawdust improves the characteristics of the mixture (grain size tends to be spread out, reduction in densities), and secondly the physico-mechanical characteristics, especially at 30% substitution (reduction absorption by total immersion of 20.50%, porosity of 28.32%, wet density of 1.73% and dry density of 14.94% and increase in tensile strength of 61.43% and in compression of 63.87%). The effect of sawdust on the relationships between the properties of mortars was clearly noted either for the relationships between early strengths or between compressive and tensile strengths.
Torrefaction of Palm Kernel Shell and Petcoke Blends for Various Mixing Ratios and Temperatures
Authors: Hasan Mohd Faizal , Nyakuma Bemgba Bevan , Rahman Mohd Rosdzimin Abdul , Othman Norazila , Ahmad Norhayati , Said Mohd Farid Muhamad
Published: January 2022

In the present study, torrefaction of palm kernel shell (PKS) and petcoke blends was performed for the production of solid biofuels with high energy density. The torrefaction process was performed for mixtures with various mixing ratios (by weight) from 90:10 to 60:40 (PKS:petcoke). For torrefaction under various temperatures of 250℃ to 300℃, the mixing ratio of 60:40 was used. Meanwhile, residence time and nitrogen flow rate were fixed at 30 minutes and 1 l/min, respectively. In general, the fixed carbon and ash contents increased, while the moisture and volatile matter contents decreased after torrefaction. It has been elucidated that mass yield is a dominant factor that affects the energy yield of torrefied mixtures rather than the higher heating value (HHV) ratio. Based on the energy yield and ultimate analysis, it was found that a higher amount of petcoke and higher temperature give better performance, thus causing the torrefied mixture to become very close to coals region in Van Krevelen diagram. In this case, the mixture with a mixing ratio of 60:40 torrefied under the temperature of 300℃ gives the best performance. It was also found that this mixture is thermally stable than the mixture torrefied at 250℃.
Social Innovation for Work Inclusion – Contributions of Swedish Third Sector Organizations
Authors: Lindberg Malin , Hvenmark Johan , Nahnfeldt Cecilia
Published: January 2022

The innovative contributions of third sector organizations (TSOs) to tackle work-related societal challenges are increasingly acknowledged in policy and research, but rarely in Nordic working life studies. The article helps fill this knowledge gap by an empirical mapping of efforts by Swedish TSOs to promote work inclusion among people considered disadvantaged in the regular labor market, due to age, disabilities, origin, etc. Previous studies of social innovation help distinguish their innovativeness in terms of alternative or complementary ways to perceive and promote work inclusion in regard to Swedish labor market policies. By combining various measures for providing and preparing work opportunities, addressing their participants through individualistic and holistic approaches, and managing work inclusion by varying organization, funding, and alliances, the mapped cases seem to innovatively compensate for government and market failures in the work inclusion domain to some extent, while also being limited by their own voluntary failures.
Орнитоморфные помощники героя в фольклоре осетин в контексте инициации
Authors: Таказов Ф.М.
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается распространенный у многих народов типологический сюжет, в котором герой спасает птенцов орла в нижнем мире, за что благодарная орлицамать доставляет его в верхний мир. Сюжетная линия сказки и эпического сказания в фольклоре осетин по формальным внешним признакам не совпадают, однако основная фабула сохраняет сходные черты с типологическим сюжетом мирового фольклора. Как показывает анализ рассмотренных нарративных текстов, в основе сюжета лежит обряд инициации. При этом помощниками героя (неофита) во время прохождения инициации выступают птенцы и орел.
Приготовление спиртовых растворов в аптеке
Authors: Багаев Д.А.
Published: January 2022

В современных условиях производственная аптека — рациональное и экономически выгодное звено в организации лечебного процесса. Основная ее задача — наиболее полное, доступное и своевременное удовлетворение потребностей стационарных больных в лекарственных средствах, дезинфекционных растворах, перевязочных материалах и т.д. Неотъемлемым элементом полноты и доступности лекарственной помощи является наличие в аптеках, помимо готовых лекарственных средств, экстемпоральных лекарственных форм. В основном это лекарственные средства, которые не производятся фармпредприятиями. Изучаемая тема актуальна по причине того, что на долю спиртовых растворов приходится большая доля всех экстемпорально приготовленных форм: спирт камфорный, раствор кисоты борной, спирт левомицетиновый, капли нашатырно-анисовые и тд. Удельный вес спиртовых растворов в экстемпоральной рецептуре хозрасчетных аптек составляет около 15%, а в аптеках лечебно-профилактических учреждений достигает 40- 50%. Спиртовые растворы — это растворы спирта этилового и его водные растворы, используемые для наружного применения как дезинфицирующее, раздражающее, освежающее средство, для компрессов и др.
The Development of a Special Purpose Drink Based on Nut Raw Materials
Authors: Novikova Zhanna Victorovna , Lavrinovich Dmitry Sergeevich , Sergeeva Sophie Mikhailovna , Maksimkin Anton Alexeyevich
Published: January 2022

To support health, efficiency and active longevity, a person needs to provide the body with the micronutrients necessary for metabolic processes. They must consume food in quantities that correspond to the physiological needs of the individual. Analyses of consumer demand have found that the human diet throughout life often includes dairy products.However, whole milk is often poorly tolerated by both the elderly and people with lactose intolerance (hypolactasia).This article examined the selection of alternative energy sources, focusing on the example of a drink that uses plant raw materials.Thus, the recipe of a new fermented drink based on nut raw materials was developed. The optimization of the hydromodule for the drink preparation from peanuts and hazelnuts, according to the content of the main food components and organoleptic quality indicators, was carried out. The chemical composition of the developed drink was established, a portion of which met 20% of the daily recommended value of vitamin B1, 16.8% of the daily value of niacin, and 15% and 19% of the daily value of iron and magnesium, respectively. The possibility of producing a fermented drink with nut raw materials as a complete replacement of cow’s milk was therefore shown to be justified.
Keywords: specialized food, probiotic, vegetable raw materials, fermented drink, nuts
The Technology and Composition of Functional Food Ingredients Obtained by Sorption of the Polyphenolic Compounds From Cranberry on Coagulated Egg Albumen
Authors: Stefanova Isabella Lvovna , Kropacheva Elena Vladimirovna , Klimenkova Anastasia Yurievna , Perova Irina Borisovna , Mazo Vladimir Kimovich
Published: January 2022

The technologies for developing food products for people with type 2 diabetes involve enrichment with polyphenolic compounds that have hypoglycemic and/or hypolipidemic properties. The production of ingredients for introduction into such food products should involve the techniques of concentration of natural polyphenols on certain food-grade protein matrices. In this study, a technology was developed for the production of a functional food ingredient, which was a complex of polyphenols (mostly anthocyans) from cranberries with coagulated egg albumen. The optimal parameters of sorption of anthocyans from cranberry juice on the albumen during the coagulation of the latter were determined. The contents and profile of anthocyans within the resulting food ingredient were assessed. The concentration of total anthocyans (recalculated to equivalents of cyanidin-3-glucoside) was determined by pH-differential spectrophotometry; the profile of individual anthocyans was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography. Sensory evaluation of the resulting ingredient (through a taste panel test) evidenced the possibility of including the product in the functional foodstuffs. The technology developed can be used in the design of functional food ingredients for subsequent introduction into anti-diabetic food products.
Keywords: coagulated egg albumen, cranberry juice, anthocyans, functional food ingredients
Technology of Quick-Frozen Flour Fish Culinary Products
Authors: Pavlova Valentina , Saenkova Irina , Shokina Yulia , Shokin Grigoriy
Published: January 2022

In this article, the results of the development of the functional fish culinary product “Thorny Skate and Cod Pie” are presented. A traditional recipe was used for making the yeast dough for the pie. The pie filling recipe was designed using Fuzzy Logic in the Matlab software package.Optimized parametersfor the selected sensory evaluation of the pie were calculated. On the basis of a priori information, key components of the filling (including the fraction of the fish components and skate meat) were chosen as the factors of interest. According to the simulation results, the optimal values werea 50/50 percentage for the first and the second factor respectively, and this providedthe maximum organoleptic assessment (five points on a five-point scale). The simulation results were compared with the results of the organoleptic evaluation of the pie made according to the optimized recipe, and their sufficient convergence was shown. The indicators of mass fraction of amine nitrogen and nitrogen of volatile bases was studied, as well as the microbiological safety indicators of flour fish culinary products, in accordance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union 040/2016 ”On the safety of fish products”. The results showed a high efficiency of the shock freezing of the semi-finished product, brought to semi-readiness, for long-term storage (120 days at a temperature no higher than minus 18 ∘C), without reducing the quality or safety of the pie. The product had a cholesterol content from 220 to 260 mg%, which allowed it to be classified as functional. The nutritional values of the product (mass fraction of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and amino acid composition) are presented.
Keywords: thornyskate, functional product, pie with thornyskate and cod, shock freezing
The Use of BrownAlgae Laminaria Saccharinain Iodine Enriched Products Aimed at PreventingIodine Deficiency
Authors: Shokina Yulia , Kuchina Yulia , Savkina Ksenya , Novozhilova Elena , Tatcienko Katya , Shokin Grigoriy
Published: January 2022

The high content of iodine in dried algae has allowed it to be used as a physiologically functional food ingredient in the technology of fortified foods, which can help prevent iodine deficiency. The aim of this research was to develop a technology for food products enriched with iodine (Italian crispbreads), as well as fermented dairy products (thick and drinking yoghurts with various fruit fillings). The brown algae Laminaria saccharina, which originates from the islandFrøya (in Norway), was used to enrich the products with iodine. This algaewas grown on the farms of the company ”Energy Solutions AS” and was dried by various methods of low-temperature drying (heat pump at a temperature of minus 10 ∘C, drying in 1-3 layers; vacuum freeze drying with pre-storage at a temperature of minus 8 ∘C; and pre-freezing and storing at a temperature of minus 25 ∘C for 2-6 days). The chemical composition of the algae was studied. The findings showed that the modes of pretreatment of algae and the method of cold drying did not influence the following indicators (in % of the total mass of dried algae): the mass fraction of water (6.00±0.50% to 6.93±0.50%),ash (46.40-50.14%), andsodium chloride (31.00±1.75%). The above technological factors substantially affected the content of protein and iodine in the dried algae. Thus, the mass fraction of protein varied from 5.88% to 12.35% per total mass, and iodine varied from 0.367% to 0.522% in terms of dry matter. The optimal dosage of dried algae for adding to raw material was calculated (which provided anabove-stated iodine content of % of the recommended level of adequate consumption in 100g of the developed products): from 66% in crispbreads to 88% in fermented dairy products. All new products provided a high level of organoleptic evaluation.
Keywords: brown algae, Laminaria saccharina, iodine, functionalproduct, crispbreads, drinking yoghurts, thick yoghurts
Optimization of Bacterial Concentrate Media for Lactobacillus Sakei
Authors: AP Nikiforova , SN Khazagaeva , IS Khamagaeva
Published: January 2022

Two strains of lactic acid bacteria were selected for the study (Lactobacillus sakei Lsk-45andLactobacillus sakeiDSM 20017). Bacterial media, based on rice and rice flour, were tested as an alternative to media based on whey. A comparison of the different types of media showed that there was better growth of the selected strains on themedium based on rice flour.Statistical analyses, including factorial experiments and response surface analyses, were used to optimizethe composition of the bacterial medium for Lactobacillus sakei propagation. Bacteriological peptone and rice flour were found to be good growth factors for Lactobacillus sakei.For Lactobacillus sakei Lsk-45,better growth was obtained with the use of 7.75-10 g/L of peptone and 57.5-75 g/L of rice flour. For Lactobacillus sakei DSM 20017, better growth was obtained with the use of 7-10 g/L of peptone and 40-75 g/L of rice flour.
Keywords: starters, media, Lactobacillus sakei, fermentation,fish products, bacterial strains, lactic acid bacteria
Functional Properties and Metabolic Profile of National Fermented Products of Russia and South Africa
Authors: Savinova Olga S , Begunova Anna V , Ijabadeniyi Oluwatosin A. , Moiseenko Konstantin V. , Fedorova Tatiana V.
Published: January 2022

. Both Russia and South Africa have a long-standing history of fermented milk product consumption. Along with the products widely distributed around the world, such as yoghurts, in each of these countries there are a number of national products. An example of a widely demanded fermented milk product in Russia is Kefir.This productis used not only as a food source in the diet of children and adults, but also in medical institutions, since ithasa positive effect onhuman health when consumed regularly. South Africa is characterized by the consumption of products such as Amasi,which is produced commercially. Its consumption has also been shown to have beneficial effects on the digestive system. In this research, the metabolic profiles(fatty acid composition and volatile compounds) of these fermented milk products were analyzed and these showed significant differences. The results indicated that this metabolite composition reflected the different production protocols and microbial complexity of these dairy products. The functional properties of the studied drinks were also considered.The average content of L-leucine equivalents in Amasi was slightly higher (6.5-8.9mMol×L −1) than in Kefir (4.9-6.7mMol×L −1). Antioxidant and antihypertensive activity of the fermented products correlated with the depth of hydrolysis of the milk proteins. Amasishowed higher antioxidant and antihypertensive activities (600- 796µМolТE/ml and 1.3-1.5mg/ml, respectively) than Kefir (246-574µМolТE/ml and 2.0-4.3mg/ml, respectively).
Keywords: fermented products, Kefir, Amasi,metabolic profile, antioxidant potential, antihypertensive properties
Pyrite Biooxidation by Acidophilic Archaea AcidiplasmaSp. MBA-1 Under Varied Conditions
Authors: Bulaev Aleksandr
Published: January 2022

The goal of this research was to study pyrite (FeS2 ) bioleaching by a strain of the genus Acidiplasma under different conditions (temperature, pH) to evaluate the potential role of Acidiplasma representatives in biooxidation of this sulfide mineral. To compare the role of Acidiplasma archaea in pyrite biooxidation with other acidophilic microorganisms, the experiments were also performed with representatives of othergroups of microorganisms predominant in biohydrometallurgical processes.Pure and mixed cultures of moderately thermophilic acidophilic microorganisms, including strains Acidithiobacillus caldus MBC-1, Sulfobacillusthermosulfidooxidans VKMV 1269T and Acidiplasmasp. MBA-1, were used. The experiments were carried out in flasks with 100 mL of mineral nutrient medium supplemented with 0.02% yeast extract and 1 g of pyrite on a rotary shaker for 20 days. Bioleaching was performed at 45, 55, and 60∘С. The results demonstrated that the representatives of the genus Acidiplasmaprovided a comparatively higher rate of pyrite bioleaching at high temperatures (55 and 60∘C) and low pH of the medium (1.0). Thus, according to the results, strains of thegenus Acidiplasma may provide a high rate of pyrite bioleaching at low levels ofpH. Therefore, the results suggest that archaea of the genus Acidiplasma may be promising microorganisms to improve bioleaching processes with an increase in the operational temperature, which is usually maintained at 40–45∘C in industrial-scale reactors.
Keywords: biomining, bioleaching, acidophilic microorganisms, sulfide minerals, pyrite
Morphogenesis of Anthers Isolated From Cabbage (Brassica Oleracea L.) In Vitro
Authors: Kirakosyan Rima , Kalashnikova Elena
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to optimize the steps of obtaining regenerated cabbage plants by direct embryogenesis from isolated anthers and ovaries. Stepwise pretreatment of inflorescences was usedfor the studied hybrids and inbred lines. First, the inflorescences were placed in water and kept at a temperature of +4-6∘C for one day without the use of biologically active substances. Then the inflorescences were placed in a solution of the drug Dropp (10 mg/l) and cultivated for two days. After that, the anthers and ovaries were isolated from the flower buds and cultured on the MS culture medium at a temperature of + 32∘C for one day. The cultivation of the isolated explants on a nutrient medium (containing 0.01 mg/lof Dropp, 1.0 mg/lof NAA, 500 mg/lof asparagine, 100 mg/l of tyrosine, and 10 g/l of sucrose)led to an increase in their morphogenetic potential in the culture of anthers and ovaries (by 3.42% and 5.54%, respectively).A cytological method was usedto demonstrate the haploid nature of the regenerating plants. The number of chromosomes in the root meristem andleaves, and the chloroplasts in the closing cells of the stomatawere calculated.
Keywords: cabbage, culture in vitro, regenerated plants, anthers, ovaries, reproductive organs
Cell Adaptations of Rhodococci to Pharmaceutical Pollutants
Authors: Tyumina Elena A. , Bazhutin Grigory A. , Ivshina Irina B.
Published: January 2022

Against the background of atense environmental situation, the risk of drug pollution in the natural environment is steadily increasing. Pharmaceuticals entering open ecosystems can cause toxic effects in wildlife from molecular to population levels. The aim of this research was to examine the impact of pharmaceutical pollutants on rhodococci, which are typical representatives of soil actinobacteria and active biodegraders of these compounds. The pharmaceutical products used in this research werediclofenac sodium and ibuprofen, which are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are widely used and frequently found in the environment. The most common cell adaptations of rhodococci to the effects of NSAIDs were changes in zeta potential, catalase activity, morphometric parameters and degree of hydrophobicity; elevated contents of total cellular lipids; and the formation of cell conglomerates. The findings demonstrated the adaptation mechanisms of rhodococci and their increased resistance to the toxic effects of the pharmaceutical pollutants.
Keywords: pharmaceutical pollutants, NSAIDs, diclofenac, ibuprofen, cell responses, Rhodococcus
Implementation of Blended Learning in the Pandemic Period of Arabic Subjects in MTs Negeri 1 Banyumas
Authors: Sri Wahyuningsih
Published: January 2022

Learning Arabic in MTs Negeri 1 Banyumas many encountered various obstacles and obstacles. in the midst of this Covid-19 condition. Using the blended learning model by combining online learning and face-to-face learning (offline) in the Covid-19 pandemic can increase the effectiveness of learning and the learning spirit of learners because in addition to getting online subject matter also still get direct assistance from teachers in the teaching and learning process by paying attention to strict health protocols. This research is qualitative descriptive research because it produces qualitative data. Data collection uses interview, observation and documentation models. Analytical techniques using description techniques with Miles and Huberman's interaction analysis model with flow include data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion withdrawal. The results of the study concluded, the first blended learning planning of Arabic MTs Negeri 1 Banyumas includes preparing a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) and preparation of facilities and infrastructure supporting blended learning. Blended learning in Arabic subjects in MTs Negeri 1 Banyumas in this pandemic period is carried out with a provision of one day of online learning and one day of offline learning with a maximum capacity of 20 learners per class with a duration of 30 minutes per meeting hour. The learning evaluation system includes self-assessment, UTS or UAS that have been compiled by teachers using googleform and voice notes.
Consumer Behavior Towards Purchase Intention of Seafood Processed Products in The Province of West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Zulkieflimansyah  , Nurjihadi Muhammad , Mandasari Jayanti , Levia Tryana Ayu , Aprirachman Rozzy
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the variables that influence purchasing decisions for processed marine products in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara. Determination of the number of respondents who will be the sample using the 10% Margin of Error (MOE) method with a total of 100 respondents consisting of several districts in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The analytical tool used in this research is Multiple Linear Regression to see the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The research was conducted using a Likert scale on each research variable with ordinal data and transformed into intervals using the  Method Successive Interval (MSI), using the MS.excel application, while the Multiple Linear Regression data processing used the Stata application. The result of this research is that the consumer behavior of processed seafood in West Nusa Tenggara Province is slightly different from the conventional theory of consumer behavior, where the brand has a negative effect on purchasing decisions of 0.2129039 points, and convenience has a negative effect on purchasing decisions of 0.1199636 points. Meanwhile, price, packaging, promotion, benefits, and consumer traditions have a positive effect on purchase intention. Processed seafood products in West Nusa Tenggara Province have different consumer characteristics from other products in general.
Psychological Well-being of First-year Psychology Students Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   UIVERSITY MALAYSIA SABAH, AH Gang Getrude C.
Published: January 2022

University life is always colorful, filled with a plethora of memorable moments, both academic and non-academic. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, however, first-year university students’ academic experiences might be slightly different from their expectations due to being fully conducted in online learning. The COVID-19 pandemic denied first year students the opportunity to join the face-to-face classes and become involved in university’s activities in the real setting. All activities were replaced with virtual setting and they could only contact their course mates and lecturers via social media platforms. This derailment of their expectation to experience real-life university settings may dampen their enthusiasm and impact their motivational and happiness levels. To explore the phenomenon, a study was conducted with 143 first-year psychology students to examine their self-reported motivational and happiness levels before and after seven-week of online classes. This study included 113 females (79%) and 30 males (21%) with a mean age of 20.68 (SD=1.88). Data collected revealed that students’ motivation and happiness levels declined significantly after their online classes. According to their extent of agreement with the single statement ‘Overall, I am happy with my university life’, 48 (33.60%) students agreed, 76 (53.10%) were neutral, and 19 (13.30%) indicated dissatisfaction. This study may assist the university and relevant authorities in understanding students’ perceptions of dealing with academic and life challenges through online classes amid the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, psychological strategies should be considered to enhance first-year students’ motivation and happiness levels when faced with online classes in their new first semester.
Value Orientations in Education System: Approach, Interpretation, and Formation
Authors:   Associate Professor, PhD, Chair of Psycho-pedagogy and Preschool Education, Tiraspol State University, Antoci Diana
Published: January 2022

The implemented theoretical study has revealed various scientific positions aimed at: interpreting the concepts of value and value orientation; finding controversial positions and affinities in the use of “value” and “value orientation” concepts; identifyingambiguous positions on structural elements of value orientation and value formation mechanism. The purpose of undertakenresearch was theoretical, experimental and methodological in nature, outlining formation of value orientations in adolescence and youth ages.The developed definitions and determined structural components of value orientations allowed initiation of an experimental investigation of value orientations in adolescents and young people through which interrelation between the constitutive components of value orientation was confirmed, the specifics of values in adolescents and young people was emphasized. Outlining the specifics of value orientation structure led to identification of criteria, indicators and descriptors and to development and validation of a Questionnaire for Value Orientation Assessment. The results of experimental study laid the basis for development and recognition of a Pedagogical Model for formation of value orientations in adolescents and young people. The previously identified mechanism for formation of values and functioning of value orientations was transposed into the nucleus of the Pedagogical Model, which included the following components: behaviour, emotional states, attitudes, convictions, and values. In order to identify the methodology for forming value orientations in the formal, informal and non-formal educational environment, the principles of humanistic, constructivist and cognitivist education, strategies, conditions were highlighted, which ensure a dynamic progress in general development of the personality, implicitly of value orientations, and which is taken into account in framework ofa formative experiment.The data obtained from the validation of the developed Pedagogical Model confirmed its effectiveness and proved that it was a multidimensional one, which could be of great benefit to specialists in the field of Education Sciences and teachers from schools and higher educationalinstitutions.