bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping of Glacial Lakes and Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in Kinnaur District, Himachal Pradesh Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Vishwas Poonam , Tiwari K. C. , Rongali Gopinadh , Vohra Rubeena
Published: March 2024

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are increasingly threatening the sustainability and infrastructure of high-mountain regions globally. This study specifically addresses the GLOFs risk in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. Using a comprehensive analytical framework, the authors explore factors affecting GLOF initiation, map potential downstream impact zones, and assess societal vulnerability to these climate-induced calamities. For precise analysis, they utilize Landsat images (1989-2018) and Cartosat DEM (30 m) data to map glacial lakes. ArcGIS 10.8 generates geospatial characteristics, while the maximum likelihood classification (MLC) algorithm is employed for land use and land cover (LULC) mapping. Indices like NDSI, NDWI, and NDPI contribute additional insights. Identifying 39 glacial lakes, 10 deemed hazardous due to size (>0.1 km2), the study underscores the specific threat of cross-border GLOFs from China's Upper Satluj River Basin to Eastern Himachal Pradesh. In a prospective deglaciated scenario, it is envisaged that a substantial escalation in glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) hazard levels will prevail across the majority of administrative units. Given the increasing encroachment of glacial lakes towards precipitous headwalls, the potential for glacial lake outburst flood initiation is significantly amplified. This elevates the risk to surrounding areas, as the displacement of ice and rock can initiate substantial GLOFs. In light of this prognosis, an essential initial action for adaptation in these circumstances involves strengthening resilience and implementing capacity-building measures designed to reduce the risk of GLOFs.
The Driving Forces Behind Web 3 Growth
Authors: Darwish Dina
Published: March 2024

The term “web3 development” refers to the practice of creating and building applications, platforms, and technologies that are designed to operate on the decentralized web, also known as web 3. This new paradigm of web development aims to leverage blockchain technology, decentralized networks, and cryptographic protocols to enable greater user control, privacy, and security. Web 3 development refers to the systematic creation of applications, platforms, and decentralized systems that leverage blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies, and decentralized networks. This procedure additionally involves implementing these applications and platforms. This chapter discusses the web 3 development importance and the driving forces behind web 3 development.
Transforming the Travel Landscape
Authors: Sankar Jeganathan Gomathi , David Arokiaraj
Published: March 2024

This chapter explores smart contract integration in tourism, examining its current state, applications, challenges, and future trajectories. Leveraging blockchain, smart contracts enhance transaction security and transparency, addressing fraud concerns. They significantly cut costs and boost efficiency in booking and payment, benefiting travelers and service providers with increased control and trust. Challenges like technical hurdles, legal considerations, and seamless system integration are viewed as opportunities for meticulous resolution. Emphasis is placed on addressing scalability, coding, legal frameworks, and user education. The chapter envisions a future where smart contracts merge with AI/ML, reshaping personalized travel services. It explores DAOs in tourism, suggesting decentralized decision-making, transparent governance, and community-driven initiatives. The chapter acknowledges limitations and advocates for ongoing monitoring due to the dynamic nature of smart contracts.
Impact of Post-Use Satisfaction on Re-Purchase Intentions for AI-Driven Healthcare Smart Wearables
Authors: Gupta Munish , Chopra Pooja , Pathak Nitin
Published: March 2024

The chapter examines the factors influencing the long-term use of smart wearables among users in Northern India. It integrates the Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT) and the Latent Variable Model to understand what drives users to continue using these devices. The study, involving 678 participants, employs Structural Equation Modeling (Smart PLS4) to analyze the effects of satisfaction, willingness to pay a premium, and accuracy of health information on the sustained use of smart wearables. The findings underscore that user satisfaction, precise health information, and the readiness to pay more significantly affect users' intentions to repurchase and keep using these devices. This research is particularly beneficial for smartwatch manufacturers and designers. By highlighting the importance of satisfaction, accurate health information, and price factors, it provides crucial insights for improving the design and marketing of smart wearables. These insights are key to fostering user loyalty and ensuring long-term engagement with these technologies.
On the Path to Sustainable Economic Growth in Niger
Authors: Oumarou Seydou , Soumana Almoustapha Oumarou , Fatty Bubacar M.
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the impact of corruption perception and political stability on sustainable economic growth in Niger. Utilizing country-level data spanning 2000-2022, robust statistical techniques, including Robust Least Squares (RLS) and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS), are employed. Contrary to conventional expectations, the findings indicate that higher corruption perception positively influences sustainable economic growth. Political stability consistently demonstrated a negative relationship with sustainable economic growth, contesting the orthodox wisdom that greater political stability fosters increased economic development. Furthermore, the results show that trade openness and inflation negatively drive sustainable growth with stronger evidence from FMOLS analysis. The study discusses some recommendations based on the findings.
Charting a Course to SDG 3
Authors: Mumin Mubarik Abdul , Mahama Abdul Jalil , Sadick Abdul-Hakeem
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the impact of the perceived level of corruption on universal health coverage in developing countries over the period 2005-2022. Considering the effects of government health expenditure and population growth, the study utilizes the robust least squares technique in data analysis. The empirical evidence suggests that a high perceived level of corruption significantly impedes universal health coverage. Furthermore, it is established that population growth decreases health coverage, while the impact of government health expenditure on health coverage is insignificant. These findings underscore the need for targeted anti-corruption measures, increased funding for the health sector, and comprehensive family planning strategies to achieve better health coverage outcomes.
Examining and Combating Corruption in Egyptian Criminal Legislation
Authors: El-Kady Ramy
Published: March 2024

This chapter delves into the critical issue of examining and combating corruption within Egyptian criminal legislation. It sheds light on the multifaceted nature of corruption by defining it, elucidating its various forms, causes, and repercussions, and emphasizing the role of legal penalties and illicit gains in curbing administrative and financial corruption crimes. The chapter concludes with a set of findings and recommendations, among which are: assigning all state agencies responsible for combating corruption to develop awareness programs on the dangers of corruption; ensuring active participation of various media outlets in this awareness campaign, in coordination with civil society institutions, universities, and research centers, with a particular emphasis on educating the younger generations; advocating for stricter penalties for individuals involved in administrative corruption crimes, especially those occupying high positions within the state's administrative apparatus, and enforcing measures to prevent them from securing any future public employment positions.
Nature and Impact of Corruption on the Dysfunctionality of the South African Universities
Authors: Tshishonga Ndwakhulu Stephen
Published: March 2024

Like other public institutions, universities and higher education sector in general suffer from endemic and chronic corruption including other unethical conduct. Society at large holds institutions of higher learning with high esteem as agents of knowledge production and distribution entrusted with public resources to advance their core business of teaching and research, and community engagement. Corruption manifests itself through grand corruption involving politicians, misappropriation of funds, bureaucratic and administrative corruption, academic dishonesty, and sextortion. This chapter argues that poor leadership and pollicisation of universities render them vulnerable to corruption and corruptible to their own members and members of society. This chapter employs political economy framework to understand the complexity of corruption in post-apartheid South Africa universities. Case studies from traditional and universities of technologies were used to comprehend the rampant nature of corruption and its implications in sustaining higher education sector.
Perceptions of Participants Receiving Health Services About the Effects of AI in the Health Sectors
Authors: Yetgin Muhammed A.
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications have provided convenience for patients and healthcare professionals in diagnosing diseases, applying treatment methods, improving public health, and providing medical health services suitable for all ages. Türkiye is one of the countries where health tourism is developing in terms of technology and the application of AI. This study aims to investigate the perceptions of Turkish citizens and foreign patients who have experienced healthcare services in Türkiye regarding the use of AI and technology in the healthcare sector based on the perspective of diffusion of innovation theory, developed by Everett Rogers in 1962. The interview analysis method was applied in the study, and ten Turkish citizens and ten foreign participants, a total of 20 people, participated in the research. A research model was proposed with the content analysis carried out with the Nvivo 11 analysis program for the findings.
The Indian Medical Tourism Industry's Repercussions From AI and Robotics
Authors: Roy Birendra Kishore , Sharma Viveka Nand
Published: March 2024

The proposed chapter delves into the transformative repercussions of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the burgeoning Indian Medical Travel and Tourism Sector. As India emerges as a global hub for medical tourism, the integration of innovative technologies promises to reshape patient experiences and healthcare delivery. The chapter meticulously investigates the expansion of the medical travel sector in India, the role of AI in healthcare, the impact of robotics, and the intersection of these technologies in the context of medical tourism. It not only highlights the positive outcomes and success stories but also addresses the challenges and ethical concerns related to healthcare robots and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, the chapter provides a forecast for the future of these technologies in India's wellness sector, offering recommendations for stakeholders to navigate the evolving landscape successfully.
Growth and Opportunity of Medical Tourism in the Indian Healthcare Sector
Authors: Ansari Amjad Imam , Singh Amrik
Published: March 2024

The aim of the study is to explore the growth and opportunity of medical tourism in context to Indian healthcare. Advancements in science and technology have made it possible for transcontinental healthcare services to exist. In addition to offering standard tourist amenities, medical tourism aims to attract visitors by purposefully promoting its healthcare offerings. Based on extensive literature review, factors impacting inclusive growth and medical tourism in India. Medical tourism—also known as wellness tourism, medical travel, or health tourism—was first used by travel firms and the media to refer to the quickly expanding trend of people traveling abroad for medical treatment. The health care industry is becoming more globalized, and many developing nations like India which have the means and potential to meet this demand. Furthermore, have become interested in the recent surge in demand for affordable, high-quality medical care. Nowadays, because medical care in India is so affordable, people from other nations travel there for procedures including knee transplants, hip replacements, heart surgery, cosmetic surgery, and dental work. While medical tourism is a relatively new phenomenon, it is growing at an exponential rate and is becoming a significant contributor to the global expansion of services exports. Among the leading nations in this sector is India. Medical tourism is a crucial source of income, particularly for underdeveloped countries. Hence, it can be concluded that both the destination countries and the patients benefit from it.
A Socioeconomic Effect Analysis of the Financial Sustainable Development of the Elder Romanian Population Through Pension Modelling
Authors: Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: March 2024

Pensions are an essential component of society, and owing to rising population aging, life expectancy, healthy living years, and a lower fertility rate, financial sustainability will be a worldwide issue in the future. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the influence of social and economic variables on pensions and financial sustainability, as well as to suggest some methods to enhance the well-being of the elderly Romanian population using technological modeling. The R square indicates that 99.47% of the development of variable pension (Y) is described by the evolution of social variables (X1-X7) and 99.98% is explained by the evolution of economic factors (X8-X14) using mathematical modeling. The correlations between variables and covariance indicate an effect on the pension fund's stability and financial sustainability. The professionals might use technological modeling to develop future sustainable solutions for the pension system and to enhance the well-being of the elderly Romanian pension population.
Miscalculated Cause-and-Effect
Authors: Yigit Sureyya
Published: March 2024

Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 22 came as a shock to the international community. As unexpected as it was, it contained multiple uncertainties related to the conflict, the impact on nearby states, and beyond as well. Questioning established strategies of maintaining territorial integrity. President Putin declared that the conflict with Ukraine was due to previous and forthcoming NATO expansion. The war was intended to prevent such an outcome. Over a year later, this aim had completely failed as Finland became the 31st member of NATO. This chapter explores the cause-and-effect relationship between Russian aggression and Ukraine and Finnish accession to NATO. It exposed the historic neutrality policy of Finland and how this changed due to a transformation in its security environment and threat perception.
New in and for the Three Seas Initiative
Authors: Wójcik Piotr
Published: March 2024

The chapter is devoted to the Three Seas Initiative's enlarged internal and external surroundings, after joining Greece. There were evaluated various issues related to the changes in inner and outer areas of the world potentially related to the 3SI region. There was also an analysis the probable role of the Hellenic Republic in developing the Three Seas format in national, bilateral, and multilateral concrete projects, and also particular point infrastructure investments in transport, energy, and digitalization. In conclusion, they were given the most significant issues. The author also explained the proposed action of the development of the internal Three Seas undertakings, and plenty of ones directed to the surrounding areas. The purposes of the chapter – considering the broad range of the extended inner and outer neighborhood of the 3SI partnership, and the influence on the further development of this regional format – were reached and included for the first time in this monography.
Enhancing Digital Technology Planning, Leadership, and Management to Transform Education
Authors: Ayyaswamy Kathirvel
Published: March 2024

A computer-generated simulation known as virtual reality (VR) submerges viewers in a three-dimensional setting. Users using VR headsets can interact realistically with items and situations while giving the impression that they are in a different location. VR has the potential to transform education by enhancing learning through immersive, engaging experiences. The use of VR in teacher education has drawn more attention in recent years. This is due to the fact that VR may be used to give teachers safe, realistic learning experiences that are challenging or impossible to reproduce in a conventional classroom setting.
Collaborative Action on a Transmedia Human Rights Program
Authors: Figarotti Jiménez José Luis
Published: March 2024

Structural violence has a profound psychological impact on Venezuelan college students, leading to increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. This study investigated the psychological impact of structural violence on individuals and served as the basis for the collaborative action on transmedia human rights (CATHR) program design as a peaceful disruptive methodology to counteract violence. The CATHR program is an interdisciplinary educational strategy based on a challenge-based learning framework that fosters civic commitment, democratic values, the defense of human rights, and socio-environmental awareness. The study found that the CATHR program was effective in reducing stress, anxiety, depression, and hopelessness in college students. The study also found that the CATHR program empowered learners to resist and overcome the challenges they face. This chapter highlights the importance of addressing structural violence and its psychological consequences to promote the well-being of individuals and communities worldwide.
Effect of Rubber Formula on Performance of Natural Rubber Based Foam for Insulating Ceiling Board Application
Authors: Jantawong Natyada , Boonkerd Kanoktip , Hancharoen Kanokon
Published: March 2024

In this study, various NR:EPDM:EVA rubber foams were prepared. The ratios of NR:EPDM:EVA were at 50:20:30 and 50:10:40. The amounts of blowing agent, dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine (or Supercell DP) were 5, 6, and 7 part per hundred of rubber (phr). The vulcanizing agent, dicumyl peroxide (or DCP) loadings were at 0.7 and 1 phr. The influence of rubber formula on the performance of the obtained rubber foam was discussed here. The results showed that increasing EVA proportion and Supercell DP loading and decreasing DCP loading led to the decrease in density, thus giving the lower thermal conductive rubber foam which was suitable for using as an insulating ceiling board. However, the above condition gave the rubber foam with slightly inferior mechanical properties including lower hardness and higher % compression set.
Tissue-Resident Macrophages in Solid Organ Transplantation: Harmful or Protective?
Authors: Aiello Sistiana , Benigni Ariela , Remuzzi Giuseppe
Published: March 2024

Transplanted organs carry donor immune cells into the recipient, the majority of which are tissue-resident macrophages (TRMs). The role they play in guiding the fate of the transplanted organ toward acceptance or rejection remains elusive. TRMs originate from both embryonic and bone marrow-derived precursors. Embryo-derived TRMs retain the embryonic capability to proliferate, so they are able to self-renew and, theoretically, persist for extended periods of time after transplantation. Bone marrow-derived TRMs do not proliferate and must constantly be replenished by adult circulating monocytes. Recent studies have aimed to clarify the different roles and interactions between donor TRMs, recipient monocytes, and monocyte-derived macrophages (MFs) after organ transplantation. This review aims to shed light on how MFs affect the fate of a transplanted organ by differentiating between the role of donor TRMs and that of MFs derived from graft infiltrating monocytes.
High-Affinity–Mediated Viral Entry Triggers Innate Affinity Escape Resulting in Type I IFN Resistance and Impaired T Cell Immunity
Authors: Xu Haifeng C , Pandey Piyush , Ward Harry , Gorzkiewicz Michal , Abromavičiūtė Džiuljeta , Tinz Constanze , Müller Lisa , Meyer Caroline , Pandyra Aleksandra A , Yavas Aslihan , Borkhardt Arndt , Esposito Irene , Lang Karl S , Lang Philipp A
Published: March 2024

Increased receptor binding affinity may allow viruses to escape from Ab-mediated inhibition. However, how high-affinity receptor binding affects innate immune escape and T cell function is poorly understood. In this study, we used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) murine infection model system to create a mutated LCMV exhibiting higher affinity for the entry receptor α-dystroglycan (LCMV-GPH155Y). We show that high-affinity receptor binding results in increased viral entry, which is associated with type I IFN (IFN-I) resistance, whereas initial innate immune activation was not impaired during high-affinity virus infection in mice. Consequently, IFN-I resistance led to defective antiviral T cell immunity, reduced type II IFN, and prolonged viral replication in this murine model system. Taken together, we show that high-affinity receptor binding of viruses can trigger innate affinity escape including resistance to IFN-I resulting in prolonged viral replication.
Targeting NAD+ Metabolism to Modulate Autoimmunity and Inflammation
Authors: Wu Jing , Han Kim , Sack Michael N
Published: March 2024

NAD+ biology is involved in controlling redox balance, functioning as a coenzyme in numerous enzymatic reactions, and is a cofactor for Sirtuin enzymes and a substrate for multiple regulatory enzyme reactions within and outside the cell. At the same time, NAD+ levels are diminished with aging and are consumed during the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases linked to aberrant immune activation. Direct NAD+ augmentation via the NAD+ salvage and Priess-Handler pathways is being investigated as a putative therapeutic intervention to improve the healthspan in inflammation-linked diseases. In this review, we survey NAD+ biology and its pivotal roles in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss emerging studies evaluate NAD+ boosting in murine models and in human diseases, and we highlight areas of research that remain unresolved in understanding the mechanisms of action of these nutritional supplementation strategies.
6G Hardware System Design and Packaging Needs
Authors: Raj P M , Venkatakrishnan Satheesh , Volakis John
Published: March 2024

Presentation Outline:

• Beamforming Architectures • Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces • Package Integration Trends

– Antenna-in-package

– Embedded filters, power dividers

– Tunable FSS
Implementation of Applied R&D and European Activities in the "Chips Act Age“
Authors: Ramm Peter
Published: March 2024

• Fraunhofer at a glance • Research Fab microelectronics Germany FMD • European pilot line: Test and Experimentation facility for Edge AI Components and Systems (TEF HW AI) • PREVAIL: partnership for realization and validation of AI hardware leadership

– Open access pilot line for edge AI chip prototyping

– Pilot lines in the CHIPS act
Semiconductor R&D Path to Manufacturing
Authors: Narusis Vic
Published: March 2024

• Manufacturing economics: Asia, US, China • Arizona cluster size, incentives, site identification and workforce • Why manufacture in Arizona? • Arizona is leading a national effort to accelerate global impact
More than Moore with Silicon Photonics Chiplets in Package (SCIP)
Authors: Raghunathan Vivek , Kannan Sukeshwar , Goh Han Peng , Sharifi Reza
Published: March 2024

• Datacenters: Powering Everyday Cloud Applications • Datacenter Scale-out Requires Massive Fabric Connectivity • Complexity of Each Rack Unit Box in the Datacenter • Traditional Rack Unit System Design Does Not Scale Efficiently • Copper I/O Approaching a Limit
L’interprofessionalità medico-infermieristica in Medicina Interna
Authors: Attardo Tiziana Marcella , Tesei Letizia , Manfellotto Dario , Dentali Federico
Published: March 2024

L’interprofessionalità tra evidenze scientifiche e best practiceT.M. Attardo, L. Tesei, A. Montagnani
L’impatto della collaborazione interprofessionale nell’organizzazione e nella qualità di curaF. Dentali, G. Catania
La nutrizione nei pazienti terminali: quali migliori approcciP. Gnerre, G. Riggi, G. Filannino
L’iperglicemia e l’ipoglicemia: come prevenirle, come gestirleT.M. Attardo, A. Morselli
La sindrome ipocinetica: cosa non ha funzionato? La collaborazione interprofessionale può fare la differenza?M. Frualdo, S. Brovarone, M. Piasentin, S. Lenti
L’impatto dell’interprofessionalità sull’incidenza delle infezioni correlate all’assistenzaI. Lo Burgio, A. Toccaceli, D. Dalla Gasperina
La cirrosi epatica: quali strategie clinico-assistenziali per migliorare la qualità di vita dei pazientiP. Piccolo, N. Cosentino
L’interprofessionalità come strumento per un corretto management del deliriumP. Gnerre, R. Rocchi, D. Clemente
Il giro visita congiunto come strumento per una migliore cogestione dei pazientiF. Dentali, A. Vitiello
La dimissione dall’ospedale: percorso di condivisione del teamO. Para, R. Rapetti, S. Di Bernardino
Quando l’interprofessionalità coinvolge anche il paziente: come fare buona sanità oltre la curaL. Tesei, D. Manfellotto
Pillole di interprofessionalità: decalogo FADOI/ANIMO: punti comuni e rilevanti per creare collaborazioni tra professionistiT.M. Attardo, L. Tesei
Open-label clinical study to compare the effect of Agnikarma, as a stand-alone treatment, versus, in association with Snayugatavata treatment protocol, in tennis elbow
Authors: Senan Lakshmy C. , Raj Shaithya , Tripathy Rabinarayan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Tennis elbow, the painful condition of extensor tendons of the humerus caused by repetitive stress, has no reliable treatment apart from symptomatic support. Ayurvedic practitioners widely use Agnikarma (therapeutic/thermal cauterization) and Snayugatavata Chikitsa (tendinitis treatment protocol) as treatment modalities for it. Agnikarma or Daha is indicated in extremely painful conditions of tendons. Snayugatavata Chikitsa includes Snehana (oleation), Upanaha (medicated bandage), and Daha (thermal cauterization).

Aim:

To evaluate the efficacy of “Agnikarma” alone and along with Sneha and Upanaha as a part of Snayugatavata Chikitsa’ in tennis elbow treatment and to compare their relative effectiveness.

Materials and methods:

The study was an open-label, double-armed, prospectively designed, comparative clinical study with 60 patients with tennis elbow randomly allocated into two groups. Group I received Snayugatavata treatment protocol for 8 days, where Kottamchukkadi oleation and medicated bandage were administered for 7 consecutive days and a single sitting of Agnikarma was done on the 8th day. Group II received Agnikarma with Panchadhatu Shalaka (a five-metal alloyed thermal cautery instrument) alone in two sittings on the 1st and 8th days. Assessment was carried out on the 8th, 15th, 30th, and 90th days for five parameters, namely pain, tenderness, inability to do specific tasks, Cozen’s test, and Mill’s maneuver.

Results:

Both groups showed significant results in all five assessed parameters with P < 0.0001. On comparative analysis between the groups, Agnikarma alone was proved more effective than Snayugatavata Chikitsa with P < 0.0001 for all the parameters for 3 months.

Conclusion:

Agnikarma, as a stand-alone treatment, can be chosen to offer a simple, cost-effective, safe, and short-term treatment to cure the tennis elbow.
“My sister wants to kill me”: A case report and systematic review of literature of co-occurring multiple sclerosis and psychosis
Authors: Mitra Souparno , Sareen Aditya , Amazan Ralph , Rothman Samuel , Pakniyat-Jahromi Soroush , Gunturu Sasidhar
Published: March 2024

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disorder with demyelination of neuronal matter, especially of white matter, with multiple episodes occurring temporally. It has been associated with multiple neurological and psychiatric sequelae. Depression and other affective symptoms are commonly associated with MS. Previous research has also suggested that psychotic symptoms may co-occur with MS as well.

Material and Methods:

A case report was prepared on the patient admitted to the inpatient unit. Subsequently, a systematic literature review of literature was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model on three databases. Search terms included (MS OR multiple sclerosis) AND (Psychosis OR schizophrenia OR schizoaffective disorder OR psychotic OR hallucination OR delusion).

Results:

The literature review led to an initial discovery of 2711 hits on PubMed, 1276 hits on PsycINFO, and 5429 hits on Embase. Some patients were diagnosed with MS at an earlier age with a later onset of psychosis, while some were initially diagnosed with psychosis (or schizophrenia) first and subsequently with MS. Psychotic symptoms observed included persecutory delusions, lack of insight, delusions of reference, auditory hallucinations, grandiose delusions, and passivity. The commonly prescribed antipsychotics included risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole. The presence of co-occurring psychosis in MS patients underscores the need for a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms.

Conclusion:

This case highlights the importance of conducting a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain not only for initial onset psychosis but also for any sudden changes in patients who have had a relatively stable course. Moreover, psychosis can affect treatment adherence in MS, making it all the more critical to identify and manage it promptly.
Psychiatric rehabilitation in routine Indian mental health practice: A review of social protections for persons with mental health conditions
Authors: Philip Sharad , Jadhav Prabhu , Sharda Arjita , Allam Abhishek , Singh Animisha , Seralathan Monisha , Angothu Hareesh , Rawat Vikram Singh , Muliyala Krishna Prasad , Thirthalli Jagadisha
Published: March 2024

Background:

An estimated 200 million Indians have mental health conditions – a sizeable proportion of them requiring psychiatric rehabilitation services. The numbers of mental health professionals are abysmally low. Early psycho-social rehabilitation interventions can improve functional outcomes, reducing disability. Psycho-social interventions have been made possible with the shift away from medical and charity models of disability to the establishment of social protections for vulnerable groups.

Materials and Methods:

The authors have undertaken a narrative review of all the social protection measures that can be explained to persons affected by mental health conditions and their family members. A larger tabulation is provided as an appendix to this article that has details of all the social protection measures across the states and union territories of India. This tabulation can be useful as a one-stop reference for every mental health practitioner in India toward informing persons affected by mental health conditions and their family members about how recovery journeys can be advanced. The data have been compiled after extensive searches of official government websites, information brochures, and even relevant legal provisions.

Conclusion:

For almost all the social protection measures provided by the central or state government, a disability certificate is a prerequisite. Rehabilitation today is a collaborative process aimed at community re-integration. In the absence of specialized services like those of clinical psychologists, vocational trainers, and psychiatric social workers, the psychiatrist becomes the sole point of contact. Motivated community members, recovered services users, and family members can aid mental health professionals by disseminating this knowledge further.
The digital health dilemma: Exploring cyberchondria, well-being, and smartphone addiction in medical and non-medical undergraduates
Authors: Agrawal Vibhor , Khulbe Yashita , Singh Amit , Kar Sujita K.
Published: March 2024

Background:

The Internet is a popular source of health information, but too much research can cause anxiety (cyberchondria). Medical and non-medical personnel interpret information differently, leading to varying rates of cyberchondria. Smartphone addiction may also contribute to cyberchondria and impact mental health.

Methods:

The study was an epidemiological survey-based investigation with a cross-sectional design involving undergraduate students (aged 18 years or older) from Indian universities or colleges. The study utilized the Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form (CSS-12), WHO-5 well-being index, and Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV).

Results:

A total of 1033 participants (53.1% females and 46.4% males) were recruited in the survey. Of the participants, 58.5% were pursuing medical or paramedical courses, while the remaining 41.5% belonged to the non-medical group. High-severity cyberchondria was present in about 4.4% of the students. The medical cohort demonstrated a significantly lower cumulative CSS in comparison to the non-medical cohort (t = - 3.90; P < 0.01). Smartphone addiction was observed in 57.2% of individuals in the medical group and 55.9% of individuals in the non-medical group (P = 0.68). Medical students had a significantly lower mean well-being score compared to non-medical students (58.4 vs. 59.6; P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between cyberchondria severity and smartphone addiction, which was consistent across both groups.

Conclusion:

Medical students have less cyberchondria than non-medical students. Cyberchondria severity is linked to smartphone addiction. Non-medical students with cyberchondria have higher subjective well-being.
Treatment-emergent sexual dysfunctions due to antidepressants: A primer on assessment and management strategies
Authors: Tripathi Adarsh , Agrawal Aditya , Joshi Mohita
Published: March 2024

Antidepressants (ADs) are among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide. Persons with mental illness taking ADs commonly report sexual dysfunction (SD) related to treatment. A brief discussion on the neurobiology of sexual functioning and mechanism of treatment-emergent SD (TESD) was performed. The incidence of prevalence of TESD in various studies has been reviewed. TESD impacts patients as it frequently leads to nonadherence, while psychiatrists have challenges in proceeding forward with treatment in such patients. Assessment of patients with suspected TESD is described with a focus on practical tips for clinicians. Five strategies (watchful waiting, drug holiday, downward titration, switching, and add-on therapy) to manage TESD have been extensively discussed with evidence in the literature. Each strategy comes with its own bag of advantages and drawbacks, which have been pointed out for simplicity. A detailed discussion on individual pharmacological strategies is given, and options for non-pharmacological management that can be tried are enlisted. Common clinical case scenarios have been discussed to incorporate the implementation of this literature.
Recent clinical and pharmacological advancements of incretin-based therapy and the effects of incretin on physiology
Authors: Pal Bhaskar , Chattopadhyay Moitreyee
Published: March 2024

A novel therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus is incretin-based therapies, glucagon-like peptide-1, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides are released from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and act on beta cells of pancreatic islets by increasing the secretion of insulin. The management and prevention of diabetes require habitual and pharmacological therapies along with quality and healthy lifestyle. This includes maintaining the body weight, blood glucose level, cardiovascular risk, complexity, and co-morbidities. The utilization of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists is an object of research with favorable hemoglobin A1C levels and weight loss in type 1 diabetic patients. However, cost-effectiveness and tolerability, remain significant barriers for patients to using these medications. The risk of suicidal tendencies and thoughts of self-harm have been increased in patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists. Tirzepatide treatment showed a potent glucose-lowering effect and promoted weight loss with minimum GI adverse effects in animal studies as well as phase I and II human trials, in comparison with established GLP-1 receptor agonists. The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) peptide-antagonist effectively blocks the action of gastric-inhibitory-polypeptide (GIP) in vitro and ex vivo in human pancreas and in vivo in rodent models. However, incretin-based therapies have received enormous attention in the last few decades for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and other repurposing including central nervous system disorders. Therefore, in this article, we demonstrate the overview, physiological, and pharmacological advances of incretin-based pharmacotherapies and their physiological roles. Furthermore, the recent updates of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonist, GLP-1/GIP co-agonists, GIP/GLP-1/glucagon triple agonist and GIP-antagonist are also discussed.
Hexagonal pencils of cubic plane curves
Authors: Langer Joel , Wall Jeremy
Published: March 2024

This expository paper considers real cubic plane curves as combinations

C=a_{1} T_{1} + a_{2} T_{2}

of two real triangles meeting in nine distinct points. Our study of
hexagonal pencils
, defined by

C

with parameters

a_{i} \in \mathbb{R}

, picks up on some themes of a recent paper on cubics by Bonifant and Milnor (2017).
Isolation, Identification, and Pathogenicity Characterization of a Largemouth Bass Ranavirus from Fujian, China
Authors: Yang Jin-Xian , Chen Xi , Chen Hua , Ge Jun-Qing
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to isolate and characterize the pathogenic agent of a suspected viral disease of largemouth bass (Micropeterus salmoides), which broke out in an aquatic farm in Fujian, China. The diseased bass had ulcer skin and muscles, bleeding fin, lesion liver, and enlarged spleen. Histopathological analysis showed multifocal necrosis on the gill, hepatopancreas spleen, and kidney. In the epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cell line, stable cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed. Electron microscopy analysis showed icosahedral virus particles in the cytoplasm with a 150-160 nm diameter. PCR amplification revealed that the isolated virus belongs to largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBV) and was designated as LMBV FJ_22109. Further phylogenetic analysis determined that LMBV FJ_22109 is a variant of European and American strains. The intraperitoneal injection of LMBV FJ_22109 resulted in a regress infection, demonstrating its ability to induce pathogenicity in largemouth bass. The cumulative mortality rate was 100% at a culture temperature of 29°C, and 47% at a culture temperature of 17°C. Thus, it confirmed that LMBV FJ_22109 is indeed the causative agent of the suspected viral disease, and its virulence could be influenced by temperature, which will be beneficial for preventing and managing the disease.
La nobiltà degli Studi. Padova fra diplomazia, cultura e religione
Authors: Galtarossa Massimo
Published: March 2024

The nobility of Studies: Padua between diplomacy, culture and religion

The paduan noble ideology looked with interest in higher education both for the possibilities of employing nobles as lector and for the rich «propinae» derived from the degrees in the Sacred Colleges. The city encompassed, however, an extensive educational system with a prestigious Jesuit college and a military academy. Even the venetian patriciate developed the University according to careful cultural policies: state financing, engagement of famous professors and social control of the city. Religious, economic and cultural ties made the mobility of Polish nobles students to Italy particularly appreciated. The letters of an illustrious student, such as chancellor Jan Zamoyski, testify to the persistence over time of the ties also in terms of the history of European culture and the formation of its élites. The creation of flexible commissions for the granting of academic degrees encouraged these relationships.
Gentiluomo armato. Contesti militari della presenza degli studenti polacchi a Padova
Authors: Lenart Mirosław
Published: March 2024

Gentiluomo armato. Military Contexts of the Presence of Polish Students in Padua

Studies in Padua became firmly established in Polish intellectual culture primarily as a place for the education of eminent representatives of the First Republic, from whom a rich writing legacy remains. Hence, among the wide range of so-called ‘Paduan’ people identified, writers and poets are associated with the Paduan Athenaeum in the first place, followed by medics, especially professors and lecturers at the Kraków Academy, or royal secretaries. The article addresses the hitherto overlooked issue of military education, and in the wider context of military culture, encountered by students arriving from Poland to a university city under the strict control of the Republic of Venice. Research in this area makes it possible to better understand not only, for example, the European circulation of knowledge on the art of fortification, but also the origins of the Zamoyski Academy or the sources of the assimilation of the idea of honour into Polish language and culture.
Metafory produkcji jako przykład metaforycznej dehumanizacji uniwersytetu w prasowym dyskursie wokół reformy nauki i szkolnictwa wyższego (2011–2014)
Authors: Chomik Dominik
Published: March 2024

The present text, part of a broader study of the public discourse around university reform, concerns a group of cognitively understood metaphors, herein referred to as production metaphors. The perspective for their interpretation is determined by the title concept of dehumanisation, which discursively can manifest itself through terms considered synonymous or within an extended description of reality. It is therefore purposeful to identify the constituent features of dehumanisation, which is served, among other things, by Nick Haslam’s psychological conception of its types and components. The presentation of the dehumanisation of the university through the metaphor of production leads to an indication of the areas in which this potential manifests itself, as well as the conceptual relationships between specific manifestations of dehumanisation.
Francuski model edukacji medialnej i informacyjnej. Krytyczna analiza szans i zagrożeń
Authors: Gajlewicz-Korab Katarzyna
Published: March 2024

The French model of media and information education. A critical analysis of opportunities and risks

The French model of media and information education is well developed. Its basis is the educational and cultural policy of the government of the French Republic. These activities have the character of centralised and statified activity. However, in order to effectively assess the opportunities and risks associated with their effectiveness, it is necessary to embed the analysis in the concept of media cultures and diversity in the media. In addition, the dynamically changing media world must be taken into account. The foundations of media and information education in France (EMI) are analysed, as well as its elements such as, the actors responsible for this policy, the way it is influenced, the recipients of this policy. The research problem thus defined, analysed on a conceptual basis, has shown that the French model exists efficiently, but needs to be redefined in terms of priorities and audiences. This redefinition of activities is mainly due to the socio-political situation in France, which EMI does not seem to take into account.
Rzecznik prasowy klubu sportowego – obowiązki zawodowe oraz kompetencje interpersonalne wspomagające komunikację z mediami i kibicami
Authors: Stawicka Dominika , Żyliński Szymon
Published: March 2024

Press officer for a sports club – professional responsibilities and interpersonal skills to support communication with the media and supporters

The subject of this article is the profession of a press officer of a sports club, his/her professional duties and interpersonal competences which support communication with the media and fans. The monograph cites the historical context of the emergence of the press officer profession, the typographical hierarchy of press officers. The monograph also distinguishes the scope of duties and relevant interpersonal competences. Supporters of the sports club are also described, as well Dominika Stawicka, Szymon Żyliński 120 as the media – transformations, development of social media, references to television stations cooperating with the organisation. The most important element of this article is the research, which was preceded by the selection of an appropriate methodology and research tools. The aim was to interview ten selected press officers representing football and volleyball clubs and analyse them in detail. Thanks to the research sample we were able to obtain a complete picture of the press officer, his/her duties, and relevant features. The press officer profession in Poland is a discipline which has been developing since the 1970s. of XX century. The importance of this profession has been shown in this work, as well as a view on how their work changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda Devlet Kapasitesi: Müsadere Örneği
Authors: ALAN Mehmet Mubarek , DULUPÇU Murat Ali
Published: March 2024

Bu makale Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda müsadere olgusuna, devlet kapasitesi kuramıyla yaklaşarak müsadere çalışmalarına katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Devlet kapasitesi, devletin lehine politik kararlar alabilmesi ve aldığı kararları uygulama ve uygulatma yeterliliği olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kullanılacak olan devlet kapasitesi kuramı toplumsal iktidar kuramıdır. Çalışma, müsadere üzerinden Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda devlet kapasitesinin kırılganlık gösterip-göstermediğini araştırmaktadır. Çalışmada, öncelikle devlet kapasitesine dair tartışmalar ve toplumsal iktidar açıklanmış, daha sonra toplumsal iktidar unsurlarının müsadere bağlamındaki karşılıkları tanımlanmıştır. Tanımlanan unsurların nicel ile nitel verilerden yararlanarak devlet kapasitesinde meydana getirdiği değişimler incelenmiştir. İncelemeler sonucunda müsadere bağlamında Osmanlı Devleti’nde kırılganlık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.