bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac luxations in cats using 2.4 mm cannulated screws – a cadaveric study
Authors: Binder E. , Reif U. , Biel M. , Bokemeyer J. , Kramer M. , Fischer A.
Published: October 2011

Objectives: To describe fluoroscopically assisted percutaneous placement of 2.4 mm cannulated screws for fixation of artificially induced sacroiliac luxations in cats, and to evaluate the success of this technique in restoration of normal pelvic anatomy.

Methods: Fluoroscopically assisted closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac luxations using 2.4 mm cannulated screws was performed in cadavers of 12 cats. Pre- and postoperative radiographs and postoperative computed tomographic scans were used to evaluate screw placement, screw purchase within the sacral body, reduction of the sacroiliac joint, pelvic canal diameter ratio, and hemipelvic canal width ratio.

Results: Mean total surgical time was 6 minutes and 10 seconds ± 53 seconds and mean total time of fluoroscopic screening for each procedure was 44 seconds ± 6 seconds. Mean percent of reduction was 98.33% and mean screw purchase within the sacral body was 73%. Eleven out of 12 screws were placed in a satisfactory location in the sacral body. Pelvic canal diameter ratio and hemipelvic canal width ratio indicated successful restoration of the pelvic anatomy.

Clinical significance: Our results confirm that fluoroscopically assisted percutaneous placement of 2.4 mm cannulated screws is a feasible technique for fixation of sacroiliac luxations in cats. Mechanical properties of this fixation technique need to be evaluated before the use in clinical patients.
Le père, ses instances et ses fonctions dans l'enseignement de Lacan et aujourd'hui, un quart de siècle plus tard
Authors: De Neuter Patrick , de La Hulpe Colloque
Published: October 2011

Résumé Après avoir proposé une synthèse de l’enseignement de Lacan concernant les pères réel, imaginaire et symbolique et les différentes fonctions paternelles, l’auteur envisage comment ces fonctions peuvent être effectives dans une société « sans père, ni mari » (les Moso de Chine). Une troisième partie de l’article est consacrée à une réflexion sur l’effectuation possible de ces fonctions au cœur des diverses modalités familiales contemporaines malgré (voire grâce) le déclin du patriarcat et de l’imago paternelle. Enfin, il propose le remplacement du concept de fonction paternelle – trop marquée par le passé patriarcal - par celui de fonction tierce symboligène, subjectivante et structurante.
Place et enjeux du narcissisme dans la parentalité
Authors: Vanden Driessche Luc
Published: October 2011

Résumé Être parent ou vouloir le devenir est une situation privilégiée de reviviscence des représentations d’enfant et de parent imaginaires que le sujet porte en lui depuis sa propre enfance. Dès lors, les enjeux narcissiques de la parentalité consistent en ce qu’elles puissent subir suffisamment de transformations successives pour investir les positions parentales requises au fur et à mesure que l’enfant grandit. Des évènements inattendus et, plus généralement, différentes périodes sensibles peuvent constituer une pierre d’achoppement dans ce processus, à commencer par le projet d’enfant lui-même comme l’illustre notre exemple clinique. Au contraire, lorsque les représentations parentales sont suffisamment adéquates, elles participent au sentiment de sécurité nécessaire au détachement mutuel. Nous évoquons pour finir quelques éléments pouvant encourager celui-ci, tels que la mise en place de véritables espaces personnels pour l’enfant, métaphores autant que conditions concrètes de son autonomisation psychique.
Le patriarcat, la filiation charnelle et les pères
Authors: Croix Laurence
Published: October 2011

Résumé L’idéalisation du père semble se maintenir au-delà du déclin du christianisme et du patriarcat. Pourtant, la chute de l’imago paternel continue d’inquiéter plus qu’elle ne réjouit. L’histoire des civilisations monothéistes, l’évolution des lois et la complexité des théories psychanalytiques sur le père permettent d’envisager autrement que dans un sentiment d’insécurité les « nouvelles parentalités ». La dissociation de la filiation charnelle, de la transmission et de l’autorité sont inscrites depuis longtemps dans nos cultures et dans les histoires familiales et singulières des sujets. La véritable question qui se pose, avec Freud et de tout temps est celle de la transmission, au-delà peut-être de la question exclusive de la paternité et du patriarcat ?
Antigen-Fixed Leukocytes Tolerize Th2 Responses in Mouse Models of Allergy
Authors: Smarr Charles B. , Hsu Chia-Lin , Byrne Adam J. , Miller Stephen D. , Bryce Paul J.
Published: October 2011

Allergic diseases, including asthma and food allergies, are an increasing health concern. Immunotherapy is an effective therapeutic approach for many allergic diseases but requires long dose escalation periods and has a high risk of adverse reactions, particularly in food allergy. New methods to safely induce Ag-specific tolerance could improve the clinical approach to allergic disease. We hypothesized that Ag-specific tolerance induced by the i.v. injection of Ags attached to the surface of syngeneic splenic leukocytes (Ag-coupled splenocytes [Ag-SPs]) with the chemical cross-linking agent ethylene-carbodiimide, which effectively modulate Th1/Th17 diseases, may also safely and efficiently induce tolerance in Th2-mediated mouse models of allergic asthma and food allergy. Mice were tolerized with Ag-SP before or after initiation of OVA/alum-induced allergic airway inflammation or peanut-induced food allergy. The effects on disease pathology and Th2-directed cytokine and Ab responses were studied. Ag-SP tolerance prevented disease development in both models and safely tolerized T cell responses in an Ag-specific manner in presensitized animals. Prophylactically, Ag-SP efficiently decreased local and systemic Th2 responses, eosinophilia, and Ag-specific IgE. Interestingly, Ag-SP induced Th2 tolerance was found to be partially dependent on the function of CD25+ regulatory T cells in the food allergy model, but was regulatory T cell independent in the model of allergic airway inflammation. We demonstrate that Ag-SP tolerance can be rapidly, safely, and efficiently induced in murine models of allergic disease, highlighting a potential new Ag-specific tolerance immunotherapy for Th2-associated allergic diseases.
Depressive Symptoms and Amygdala Volume in Elderly with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: The RUN DMC Study
Authors: van Uden I. W. M. , van Norden A. G. W. , de Laat K. F. , van Oudheusden L. J. B. , Gons R. A. R. , Tendolkar I. , Zwiers M. P. , de Leeuw F-E.
Published: October 2011

Introduction. Late onset depressive symptoms (LODSs) frequently occur in elderly with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). SVD cannot fully explain LODS; a contributing factor could be amygdala volume. We investigated the relation between amygdala volume and LODS, independent of SVD in 503 participants with symptomatic cerebral SVD.Methods. Patients underwent FLAIR and T1 scanning. Depressive symptoms were assessed with structured questionnaires; amygdala and WML were manually segmented. The relation between amygdala volume and LODS/EODS was investigated and adjusted for age, sex, intracranial volume, and SVD.Results. Patients with LODS had a significantly lower left amygdala volume than those without (P=0.02), independent of SVD. Each decrease of total amygdala volume (by mL) was related to an increased risk of LODS (OR=1.77; 95% CI 1.02–3.08;P=0.04).Conclusion. Lower left amygdala volume is associated with LODS, independent of SVD. This may suggest differential mechanisms, in which individuals with a small amygdala might be vulnerable to develop LODS.
Electric Field Controlled Self‐Assembly of Hierarchically Ordered Membranes
Authors: Velichko Yuri S. , Mantei Jason R. , Bitton Ronit , Carvajal Daniel , Shull Kenneth R. , Stupp Samuel I.
Published: October 2011

Self‐assembly in the presence of external forces is an adaptive, directed organization of molecular components under nonequilibrium conditions. While forces may be generated as a result of spontaneous interactions among components of a system, intervention with external forces can significantly alter the final outcome of self‐assembly. Superimposing these intrinsic and extrinsic forces provides greater degrees of freedom to control the structure and function of self‐assembling materials. In this work we investigate the role of electric fields during the dynamic self‐assembly of a negatively charged polyelectrolyte and a positively charged peptide amphiphile in water leading to the formation of an ordered membrane. In the absence of electric fields, contact between the two solutions of oppositely charged molecules triggers the growth of closed membranes with vertically oriented fibrils that encapsulate the polyelectrolyte solution. This process of self‐assembly is intrinsically driven by excess osmotic pressure of counterions and the electric field is found to modify the kinetics of membrane formation as well as membrane morphology and properties. Depending on the strength and orientation of the field we observe a significant increase or decrease of up to nearly 100% in membrane thickness, or the controlled rotation of nanofiber growth direction by 90 degrees which leads to a significant increase in mechanical stiffness. These results suggest the possibility of using electric fields to control structure in self‐assembly processes that involve the diffusion of oppositely charged molecules.
Simultaneous determination of fimasartan, a novel antihypertensive agent, and its active metabolite in rat plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Shin Beom Soo , Kim Tae Hwan , Paik Soo Heui , Chi Yong Ha , Lee Joo Han , Tan Hyun Kwang , Choi Yohan , Kim Minki , Yoo Sun Dong
Published: October 2011

Fimasartan, 2‐butyl‐5‐dimethylaminothiocarbonylmethyl‐6‐methyl‐3‐[[2'‐(1H tetrazol ‐5‐yl)biphenyl‐4‐yl]methyl]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐one (BR‐A‐657), is a novel angiotensin II receptor blocker exhibiting potent and selective AT1 receptor blocking activity. This study reports the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry assay for the simultaneous determination of fimasartan and its active metabolite, BR‐A‐557, in rat plasma. The assay was validated to demonstrate the specificity, linearity, recovery, lower limit of quantification, accuracy, precision and stability. The multiple reaction monitoring was based on the transition of m/z 502.1 → 207.1 for fimasartan, 486.2 → 207.1 for BR‐A‐557 and 526.1 → 207.1 for BR‐A‐563 (internal standard). The assay utilized a simple precipitation procedure with acetonitrile and isocratic elution. The LLOQ was 0.2 ng/mL for fimasartan and BR‐A‐557 using 50 μL plasma samples. The assay was linear over a concentration range from 0.2 to 500 ng/mL for fimasartan and BR‐A‐557, with correlation coefficients >0.9995. The intra‐ and inter‐day assay accuracies were 93.6–108.0 and 90.8–101.4% for fimasartan and 102.2–107.1 and 99.6–103.3% for BR‐A‐557, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precision were 2.4–4.4 and 3.0–13.4% for fimasartan and 3.1–5.2 and 2.8–9.8% for BR‐A‐557, respectively. The developed assay may be used to study the metabolism and mechanistic pharmacokinetics of fimasartan in future studies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microwave‐Assisted Meyer–Schuster Rearrangement of Propargylic Alcohols Catalyzed by the Oxovanadate Complex [V(O)Cl(OEt)2]
Authors: Antiñolo Antonio , Carrillo‐Hermosilla Fernando , Cadierno Victorio , García‐Álvarez Joaquín , Otero Antonio
Published: October 2011

A general and efficient procedure for the selective Meyer–Schuster isomerization of both, terminal and internal alkynols, has been developed by using catalytic amounts of the readily accessible oxovanadium(V) complex [V(O)Cl(OEt)2]. Reactions proceeded smoothly in toluene at 80 °C under microwave irradiation to provide the corresponding α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds in excellent yields and short times without the assistance of any additive.
E3 Analysis for Crude and Vacuum Distillation System
Authors: Mittal V. , Zhang J. , Yang X. , Xu Q.
Published: October 2011

Crude oil blending is a very common practice in petroleum refineries, where the main focus is to minimize the total purchase cost of crude oils under specified blending oil properties. Crude oil blending actually has significant impacts on energy consumption from heating furnaces during crude oil processing. Conceivably, furnace energy consumption from burning fuels such as natural gas, fuel oil, or propane causes huge amounts of CO2 emissions. In this paper, a methodology framework for crude oil blending and processing with simultaneous consideration of energy, emission, and economic profit (E3) is developed. It includes four stages of work: steady‐state modeling, heating energy consumption calculation, emission model development, and economic evaluation. With Aspen HYSYS simulation, the developed methodology provides a quantitative support for refinery to identify an optimal E3 operating strategy. A case study is implemented to demonstrate the efficacy of this methodology.
Membrane‐Based Conditioning of an Innovative Oil‐Based Preservative for Food Technology
Authors: Aubel T. , Haseneder R. , Repke J.‐U.
Published: October 2011

Demulsification of emulsions is of great interest for industrial applications. For developing a new, alternative preservation process, investigations are conducted for separating a mixture of water and an oil‐based preservative by membrane technology. Using a water‐in‐oil emulsion, the conventional membrane separation with hydrophobic membranes does not show a reasonable result. It was found that the oil‐based preservative leads to a hydrophilization of the membrane by its amphipathic character. Subsequently, a possible separation with a hydrophilic membrane system as a coalescing system was investigated. Different parametric studies were performed. The efficiency of the coalescence depends on the membrane material, the pore size, the transmembrane pressure, and the temperature during membrane passage as well. Best results so far have been achieved by using a polyethersulfone membrane with a pore size of 0.6 μm.
Partition Coefficients for Continuous Micellar Reaction Processes
Authors: Wille S. , Mokrushina L. , Schwarze M. , Smirnova I. , Schomäcker R. , Arlt W.
Published: October 2011

The micelle‐water partition coefficients of reactants, products, and catalyst ligands are predicted using UNIFAC‐IF and COSMO‐RS. It is demonstrated that both models represent a reasonable tool for preliminary screening of the micellar systems for a specific continuous reaction process supported by micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF). The model reaction is the hydrogenation of itaconic acid and its derivatives (dialkyl esters) in the presence of a rhodium‐based catalyst. The effect of the size and nature of the surfactant head group and tail is explored for nonionic and ionic surfactants. The high partition coefficients of the catalyst ligands indicate that no catalyst leakage is expected in MEUF. Based on the concentration dependence of the calculated partition coefficients, the solubilization capacity of micelles is estimated.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Order and Local Structure of the Lead‐Free Relaxor Ferroelectric Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3
Authors: Groeting Melanie , Hayn Silke , Albe Karsten
Published: October 2011

DFT calculations
ChemInform Abstract: Cu2ZnSnS4 Synthesized Through a Green and Economic Process.
Authors: Wang Yu , Gong Hao
Published: October 2011

Nanocrystalline Cu2ZnSnS4, a promising absorber material for solar cells, is prepared by ball milling of stoichiometric mixtures of the elements (20 h).
ChemInform Abstract: New Thioantimonates(III) with Different Sb:S Ratios: Solvothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of [(C3H10NO)(C3H10N)] [Sb8S13], [(C2H8NO)(C2H8N) (CH5N)][Sb8S13], [(C6H16N2) (C6H14N2)][Sb6S10], and [C8H22N2][Sb4S7].
Authors: Seidlhofer Beatrix , Spetzler Volker , Quiroga‐Gonzalez Enrique , Naether Christian , Bensch Wolfgang
Published: October 2011

As revealed by single crystal XRD compounds (II) and (VI) crystallize in the triclinic space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 2, (IV) in the monoclinic space group P21/m with Z = 4, and (V) in the monoclinic space group P21/n with Z = 4.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymorphism of BaTeMo2O9: A New Polar Polymorph and the Phase Transformation.
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Zhang Zhonghan , Zhang Weiguo , Zheng Qingxin , Sun Youxuan , Zhang Chengqian , Tao Xutang
Published: October 2011

Millimeter‐sized single crystals of a new polar polymorph of BaTeMo2O9, α‐BaTeMo2O9, are prepared by a flux method from a mixture of BaCO3, TeO2, and MoO3 in the molar ratio of 1:3.4:4 (Pt crucible, 650 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Topotactic Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Highly Fluorinated Ruddlesden—Popper‐Type Iron Oxide, Sr3Fe2O5+xF2‐x (x ≈ 0.44).
Authors: Tsujimoto Yoshihiro , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

Sr3Fe2O5.44F1.56 is prepared by solid state fluorination of Sr3Fe2O6.82 (obtained from SrCO3 and Fe2O3 at 1000—1200 °C in air) using polytetrafluoroethylene as fluorinating agent (flowing Ar, 270 °C, 2 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Kumada Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Tertiary Alkylmagnesium Halides and Aryl Bromides/Triflates.
Authors: Joshi‐Pangu Amruta , Wang Chao‐Yuan , Biscoe Mark R.
Published: October 2011

Kumada cross‐coupling of tertiary alkylmagnesium halides with aryl bromides, triflates and alkenyl halides proceeds smoothly in the presence of a Ni—NHC catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expedient Synthesis of cis/trans‐1,3‐Disubstituted Cyclobutanols.
Authors: Calad Stacie , Mans Douglas , Morin Justin‐Alexander , O'Neill‐Slawecki Stacy , Sisko Joseph
Published: October 2011

3‐Alkoxycyclobutanones such as (IV) are obtained from [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkyl vinyl ether and chloroketene followed by hydrogenolytic dechlorination.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Dienylation of Haloalkynes Using 2,3‐Butadienyl Acetates: A Facile Access to (1Z)‐1,2‐Dihalo‐3‐vinyl‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Chen Dongxu , Chen Xiaoyi , Lu Zenghui , Cai Haiting , Shen Jinbei , Zhu Gangguo
Published: October 2011

The products are smoothly converted into cis‐1,2‐dihalostyrene derivatives [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient CuI/PEG‐400 System for Amination of Aryl Halides with Aqueous Ammonia.
Authors: Chen Junmin , Yuan Tangjun , Hao Wenyan , Cai Mingzhong
Published: October 2011

The simple one‐pot conversion can be applied to a broad spectrum of aryl iodides and bromides and is tolerant to a wide range of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cleavage of Olefins and Alkynes to Carboxylic Acids with Aqueous tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide.
Authors: Shaikh Tanveer Mahamadali , Hong Fung‐E.
Published: October 2011

The method is suitable for a wide range of aromatic olefins and alkynes that contain electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Palladium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation of Anilines to N‐Arylbenzamides.
Authors: Wu Xiao‐Feng , Schranck Johannes , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias
Published: October 2011

The one‐pot procedure involves in situ formation of aryldiazonium salts followed by Pd‐catalyzed carbonylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Bond Assisted Activation of a Dinitrile Towards Nucleophilic Attack.
Authors: Kopylovich Maximilian N. , Mahmudov Kamran T. , Mizar Archana , Pombeiro Armando J. L.
Published: October 2011

Dinitrile (I) is used as convenient starting compound for the preparation of derivatives (II), (IV), (VI), (VIII), and (X).
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Active and Selective Palladium Pincer Catalyst for the Formation of α‐Aryl Ketones via Cross‐Coupling.
Authors: Bugarin Alejandro , Connell Brian T.
Published: October 2011

A novel palladium pincer complex is synthesized and successfully applied as a catalyst in the α‐monoarylation of ketones (I) and (IV) with aryl bromides (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Ligand‐Free Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Catalyzed Sonogashira Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Yuan Yu , Zhu Haitao , Zhao Dongbo , Zhang Li
Published: October 2011

Aryl iodides can be easily coupled with terminal alkynes to produce good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method to Prepare 3‐Alkyl‐2‐hydroxy‐1,4‐naphthoquinones: Synthesis of Lapachol and Phthiocol.
Authors: Ferreira Sabrina Baptista , da Roche David Rodrigues , Carneiro Jose Walkimar M. , Santos Wilson Costa , Ferreira Vitor Francisco
Published: October 2011

Lawsone (I) is used as starting material for the optimized reductive alkylation process to yield the title compounds including phthiocol (IIa) and lapachol (IIIb).
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Anthracene Derivatives as Non‐Doped Blue Emitters and Hole‐Transporters for Electroluminescent Devices.
Authors: Thangthong A‐monrat , Meunmart Duangratchaneekorn , Prachumrak Narid , Jungsuttiwong Siriporn , Keawin Tinnagon , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Promarak Vinich
Published: October 2011

The synthesis and properties of novel highly fluorescent anthracenes (V) and (VII) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Site‐Selective Suzuki—Miyaura Reactions of 2,3,5‐Tribromo‐N‐methylpyrrole.
Authors: Toguem Serge‐Mitherand Tengho , Fatunsin Olumide , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: October 2011

Mono‐, di‐, and triaryl derivatives are prepared by coupling of title compound (I) with arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Peripheral Arylation of 5‐Pyrazolones via Enolizable Bond Protection.
Authors: Bin Hye‐Rin , Bae Yun Soo , Kim Guncheol , Lee Kee‐In
Published: October 2011

Boc‐Protection of the enolizable hydroxy group in 5‐pyrazolones is crucial for the success of the Suzuki—Miyaura coupling which renders possible an access to a broad spectrum of highly functionalized derivatives of pharmaceutical interest.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Regioselective Synthesis of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives.
Authors: Ellis David , Arias‐Wood Aurelio
Published: October 2011

The advantages of the described method are the mild reaction conditions, the avoidance of synthesizing particular hydrazines, and the use of harsh reagents such as SbCl5.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Quantitative Synthesis of 1,3‐Diazaheterocycle‐Fused 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives Using Fluoroalkanesulfonyl Azide as a Diazo Transfer Reagent.
Authors: Gu Jiwei , Xiong Wanting , Zhang Zhenhua , Zhu Shizheng
Published: October 2011

A catalyst‐free synthesis of heterocycle‐fused 1,2,3‐triazoles is achieved through 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of the azide with cyclic ketene aminals followed by elimination of fluoroalkanesulfonamide.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Method for the Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1,2,4‐triazole Derivatives.
Authors: Matiychuk Vasyl S. , Potopnyk Mykhaylo A. , Luboradzki Roman , Obushak Mykola D.
Published: October 2011

A simple synthesis of the target compounds is achieved through cyclocondensation of the chlorohydrazides (I) with thiazole (II) and concomitant elimination of thioglycolic acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Halogenation/Semipinacol Rearrangement: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Chiral α‐Oxa‐Quaternary β‐Haloketones.
Authors: Chen Zhi‐Min , Zhang Qing‐Wei , Chen Zhi‐Hua , Li Hui , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Zhang Fu‐Min , Tian Jin‐Miao
Published: October 2011

The reaction allows the construction of two adjacent stereocenters: a chiral oxo‐quaternary carbon, and a functionalizable halogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of 14‐Substituted‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes Catalyzed by Ruthenium Chloride Hydrate as a Homogeneous Catalyst.
Authors: Tabatabaeian Khalil , Khorshidi Alireza , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Dadashi Ali
Published: October 2011

This is the first report on the use of Ru(III) salts as catalyst for the preparation of 14‐substituted‐14‐H‐dibenzo[a,j]xanthene derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of (+)‐ and (‐)‐6‐Dimethoxymethyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carboxylic Acid Derivatives Blocking N‐Type Calcium Channels.
Authors: Yamamoto Takashi , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

The novel asymmetric Michael addition is conducted by using (L)‐valine t‐butyl ester (II) as a chiral auxiliary for the preparation of the enantioenriched dihydropyridine derivative (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Silica Gel Promotes Cascade Synthesis of 2‐(Heteroaryl)acetamide Derivatives from Isocyanides, Dialkylamines, and Heteroarylcarbaldehydes.
Authors: Ramazani Ali , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

An efficient route to sterically congested acetamide derivatives (IV) is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Diarylheptanoids as Inhibitors of TNF‐α Production.
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan H. , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

A series of novel diarylheptanoids is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on Quinones. Part 47. Synthesis of Novel Phenylaminophenanthridinequinones as Potential Antitumor Agents.
Authors: Valderrama Jaime A. , Ibacache Andrea , Rodriguez Jaime A. , Theoduloz Cristina , Benites Julio
Published: October 2011

The sequence leading to a series of 8‐ and 9‐phenylaminotetrahydrophenanthridinetriones with substituent variations at 6‐, 8‐, and9‐positions involves a solar photoacylation reaction of benzoquinone (I) with aldehydes (II), a known one‐pot procedure for the synthesis of intermediates (IV) from acylhydroquinones (III), and a regiocontrolled acid‐induced amination reaction of phenanthridinequinones (IV) with aniline (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐ and Indium(III) Chloride‐Catalyzed Facile Synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,8‐Naphthyridines.
Authors: Chunavala Kaushik C. , Adimurthy Subbarayappa
Published: October 2011

Highly efficient and regioselective methods for the synthesis of 1,5‐ and 1,8‐naphthyridines (II), (V) catalyzed by I2 and InCl3, resp., are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Alkyltriazole Tagged Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Derivatives and Their Anticancer Activity.
Authors: Kurumurthy C. , Rao P. Sambasiva , Swamy B. Veera , Kumar G. Santhosh , Rao P. Shanthan , Narsaiah B. , Velatooru L. R. , Pamanji R. , Rao J. Venkateswara
Published: October 2011

Pyridopyrimidines (VIII) and (IX) are obtained from the 2,3‐active functional pyridine (I) via cyclization, propargylation and reaction with alkyl or perfluoroalkylazides under Sharpless conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum‐Mediated Synthesis of Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones via Cyclocarbonylation Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Roberts Bryan , Liptrot David , Luker Tim , Stocks Michael J. , Barber Catherine , Webb Nicola , Dods Robert , Martin Barrie
Published: October 2011

The procedure allows a quick one‐pot preparation of the desired target compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Limitations of the Jacobs—Gould Reaction Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Smith Robert B. , Faki Hajira , Leslie Ray
Published: October 2011

Intermediates (III) are accessible in good yields and without extensive purification procedures using a novel microwave‐enhanced synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of Spiro Derivatives of Parthenin as Novel Anticancer Agents.
Authors: Kumar H. M. Sampath , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

Dipolar cycloaddition of nitrile oxides, nitrones, and azides to the exocyclic double bond of parthenin (I) generates a library of spiro derivatives (III)—(V) (no yields given).
ChemInform Abstract: Erythrinan Alkaloids from Seeds of Erythrina velutina
Authors: Ozawa Masaaki , Kishida Akio , Ohsaki Ayumi
Published: October 2011

isolation and structural elucidation of new Erythrinan alkaloids (I), (II) and (III)
ChemInform Abstract: Benzoxacystol, a Benzoxazine‐Type Enzyme Inhibitor from the Deep‐Sea Strain Streptomyces sp. NTK 935.
Authors: Suessmuth Roderich D. , et al. et al.
Published: October 2011

Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis of the producing strain as well as isolation and structure elucidation of the novel 1,4‐benzoxazine‐type metabolite (I) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Okicenone Analogue from Streptomyces sp. NEAU‐W13.
Authors: Wang Xiang‐Jing , Xiang Zhi‐Dan , Gong Dian‐Liang , Wang Ji‐Dong , Liu Chong‐Xi , Zhu Zhao‐Xiang , Yan Yi‐Jun , Xiang Wen‐Sheng
Published: October 2011

The biological tests show a dose‐dependent inhibition of A549 cells by the title compound (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Diphenyl Etheric Metabolites from Streptomyces sp. NEAU‐50.
Authors: Gong Dian‐Liang , Wang Xiang‐Jing , Xiang Zhi‐Dan , Wang Ji‐Dong , Zhang Hui , Liu Chong‐Xi , Zhang Ji , Xiang Wen‐Sheng
Published: October 2011

Two main compounds (I) are isolated from the fermentation broth of the title strain.
ChemInform Abstract: Complex Metallic Phases in Catalysis
Authors: Armbruester Marc , Kovnir Kirill , Grin Yuri , Schloegl Robert
Published: October 2011

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantification of Cluster Size Effect (Structure Sensitivity) in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Murzin Dmitry Yu. , Parmon Valentin N.
Published: October 2011

Review: 83 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Inorganic Nanoparticles for the Conservation of Works of Art
Authors: Baglioni Piero , Giorgi Rodorico
Published: October 2011

Review: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aqueous Lithium/Air Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhang Tao , Imanishi Nobuyuki , Takeda Yasuo , Yamamoto Osamu
Published: October 2011

Review: ≈ 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Oxidations and Related Reactions Catalyzed by N‐Hydroxyphthalimide
Authors: Ishii Yasutaka , Sakaguchi Satoshi , Obora Yasushi
Published: October 2011

Review: 427 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Subporphyrins: A Legitimate Ring‐Contracted Porphyrin with Versatile Electronic and Optical Properties
Authors: Osuka Atsuhiro , Tsurumaki Eiji , Tanaka Takayuki
Published: October 2011

Review: 191 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Developments in the Synthesis and Biological Activity of Muramylpeptides
Authors: Dzierzbicka K. , Wardowska A. , Trzonkowski P.
Published: October 2011

Review: 84 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Insertion of Sulfur Atoms by S2Cl2: A Convenient Way to Sulfur Heterocycles
Authors: Rakitin Oleg A.
Published: October 2011

Review: 41 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Substitution of Hydrogen. An Efficient Tool in Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Makosza Mieczyslaw , Wojciechowski Krzysztof
Published: October 2011

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Optically Active Pyridyl Alcohols. Part 2. Pyridyl tert‐Alcohols and Other Pyridine Alcohols
Authors: Chelucci Giorgio
Published: October 2011

Review: 118 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Pulvinic Acids
Authors: Thetiot‐Laurent Sophie A.‐L. , Le Gall Thierry
Published: October 2011

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Effects in Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer of Organic Compounds
Authors: Uzhinov B. M. , Khimich M. N.
Published: October 2011

Review: 232 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Metabolic Engineering Is Key to a Sustainable Chemical Industry
Authors: Murphy Annabel C.
Published: October 2011

Review: 181 refs.
Comparison of thermodynamic and kinetic models of single‐layer crystal–mother‐phase interface
Authors: Izdebski M. , Włodarska M.
Published: October 2011

Simple analytical kinetic model of single‐layer crystal–mother‐phase interface is proposed, which provides results that can be compared directly with thermodynamic Jackson model. Both models are based on zeroth order approximation known from lattice‐gas models, in which solid and fluid growth units are treated as mixed randomly in the interface layer. It is shown that the kinetic and thermodynamic approaches can lead to very similar predictions about growth mechanism. The parameters characterising growth conditions, obtained from these models, are significantly different from those obtained from Monte Carlo simulations applied to study stable states of single‐layer interface. Monte Carlo calculations describe crystal growth in detail and their results can predict characteristic parameters for real experiment. Observed differences seem to be strongly influenced by the use of zeroth order approximation. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Numerical analysis of the influence of ultrasonic vibration on crystallization processes
Authors: Ubbenjans B. , Frank‐Rotsch Ch. , Virbulis J. , Nacke B. , Rudolph P.
Published: October 2011

The challenge in the future fabrication of semiconductor bulk crystals is the improvement of the crystal quality with a simultaneous increase of the yield. For that, a proper control of mass transfer within the fluid phase is required. Besides the damping of violent convective fluctuations, the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer, causing morphological instability, has to be decreased. The influence of ultrasound in molten Germanium was analyzed by numerical simulations. The simulations were provided by applying commercial software packages ANSYS® and FLUENT®. ANSYS® was used to model the ultrasonic wave propagation in the whole growth system consisting of melt and crystal, crucible and surrounding media. As a result the sound pressure distribution in every point of the melt and the displacement in every point of the solid have been obtained. The melt flow and the temperature distribution were simulated with the help of FLUENT®. The main focus was the analysis of Schlichting streams that occur at the crystallization front which affect the diffusion boundary layer. It was shown that ultrasonic treatment can help to reduce the harmful diffusion boundary layer very effectively. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The metalloprotease ADAM8 is associated with and regulates the function of the adhesion receptor PSGL‐1 through ERM proteins
Authors: Domínguez‐Luis Maria , Lamana Amalia , Vazquez Jesús , García‐Navas Rósula , Mollinedo Faustino , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Díaz‐González Federico , Urzainqui Ana
Published: October 2011

The P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) is involved in the initial contact of leukocytes with activated endothelium, and its adhesive function is regulated through its proteolytic processing. We have found that the metalloprotease ADAM8 is both associated with PSGL‐1 through the ezrin–radixin–moesin actin‐binding proteins and able to cause the proteolytic cleavage of this adhesion receptor. Accordingly, ADAM8 knockdown increases PSGL‐1 expression, and functional assays show that ADAM8 is able to reduce leukocyte rolling on P‐selectin and hence on activated endothelial cells. We conclude that ADAM8 modulates the expression and function of PSGL‐1.
The chemical composition of the seeds of Iranian pumpkin cultivars and physicochemical characteristics of the oil extract
Authors: Jafari Maryam , Goli Sayed Amir Hossein , Rahimmalek Mehdi
Published: October 2011

Four Iranian pumpkin seed cultivars were evaluated for their chemical composition and physicochemical characteristics of the extracted oils. Moisture content of seeds was quite low and ranged from 4.7 to 5.4%. The samples showed high level of protein (28.8–35.5%) and oil content (36.9–47.8%) in which the highest amount belonged to Postekaghazi cultivar. In regard to oil properties, due to the high level of oleic acid (52.7%) followed by linoleic acid (28.1%), Khoreshti cultivar was much different from other samples (in which linoleic acid is predominant: 46.5–56.1%). Moreover, relatively high content of phenolic compounds led to high‐oxidative stability index (OSI) of 16.63 h for Khoreshti oil compared to other samples (6.99–10.54 h). Furthermore, cluster analysis confirmed the data obtained in this study. The results showed that pumpkin seed oils were nutritionally valuable and refined oil might be suitable to use as salad or cooking oil.
ASSESSING LONG‐RUN MONEY NEUTRALITY IN MONETARY UNIONS
Authors: Haughton Andre Yone , Iglesias Emma M.
Published: October 2011

This paper analyses the issue of Long‐Run Money Neutrality in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) by using the European Monetary Union (EMU) and a group of other countries from the Caribbean as control groups. We employ several panel unit root and panel cointegration tests as robustness measures to support our results. First, we propose a methodology to test for longrun money neutrality in a panel data context. Second, we test for longrun money neutrality by using our proposed methodology, and other popular panel cointegration tests in the literature. Moreover, and contrary to the main literature on money neutrality, we disaggregate output in its various components, and we test for money neutrality in each of them. The results show that, at aggregate level of output, money is neutral for both control groups although mixed evidence exists for the main group of the OECS. The disaggregated level that is employed in this paper allows us to uncover important differences that otherwise are not observable at aggregated level. We conclude that in terms of government expenditure, consumption and exports, there is strong evidence that in monetary unions such as the EMU and the OECS, those variables are neutral to money, contrary to other countries that do not belong to a monetary union. Therefore, we find a clear difference between those countries that belong to a monetary union or not. Our results support the existence of a central bank in monetary unions as being beneficial in order to allow that increase in money supply has no influence on real economic variables in the long run. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
REVISITING PURCHASING POWER PARITY FOR 15 LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES: THRESHOLD UNIT ROOT TEST
Authors: Yang‐Cheng Lu , Tsangyao Chang , Chia‐Hao Lee , Chi‐Wei Su
Published: October 2011

This study applies the threshold unit root test proposed by Caner and Hansen (2001) to test the validity of long‐run purchasing power parity (PPP) in a sample of 15 Latin American countries. These countries share characteristics as high inflation, nominal shocks and trade openness which might have led to quicker adjustment in relative prices and contributed for PPP to hold. The empirical results indicate that most of the real exchange rates in these 15 Latin American countries adjustments are in equilibrium with the relevant fundamentals behaving like a nonlinear process, characterized by a unit root process. These results provide support for PPP for only six of these 15 Latin American countries under study, and the governments of these countries can use PPP to predict exchange rate that determines whether a currency is over or undervalued and experiencing difference between domestic and foreign inflation rates. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical investigations of the reactivities of four‐membered N‐heterocyclic carbene analogues of the group 13 elements
Authors: Wu Chi‐Shiun , Su Ming‐Der
Published: October 2011

The potential energy surfaces for the chemical reactions of four‐membered N‐heterocyclic group 13 heavy carbeneoid species have been studied using density functional theory (Becke, 3‐parameter, Lee‐Yang‐Parr (B3LYP)/Los Alamos National Laboratory 2‐Double‐Zeta (LANL2DZ)). Five four‐membered group 13 heavy carbeneoid species, iPr2NC(NAr)2E:, where E = B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl, have been chosen as model reactants in this work. Also, three kinds of chemical reactions, CH bond insertion, alkene cycloaddition, and dimerization, have been used to study the chemical reactivities of these group 13 four‐membered N‐heterocyclic carbeneoid species. In principle, our present theoretical work predicts that the larger the ∠NEN bond angle of the four‐membered group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species, the smaller the singlet–triplet splitting, the lower the activation barrier, and, in turn, the more rapid its chemical reactions to various chemical species. Moreover, our theoretical investigations suggest that the relative carbenic reactivity decreases in the following order: B > Al > Ga > In > Tl. That is, the heavier the group 13 atom (E), the more stable its four‐membered carbeneoid toward chemical reactions is. As a result, our computations predict that the four‐membered heavy group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species (E = Al, Ga, In, and Tl) should be both kinetically and thermodynamically stable, and can be readily synthesized and isolated at room temperature. Furthermore, the singlet–triplet energy splitting of the four‐membered group 13 iPr2NC(NAr)2E: species, as described in the configuration mixing model attributed to the work of Pross and Shaik, can be used as a diagnostic tool to predict their reactivities. The results obtained allow a number of predictions to be made. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Value and limits of μ‐CT for nondemineralized bone tissue processing
Authors: Draenert Miriam Esther , Draenert Alice Irène , Forriol Francisco , CERLER Michael , Kunzelmann Karl‐Heinz , Hickel Reinhard , Draenert Klaus
Published: October 2011

An experimental approach was performed on 20 giant rabbits to establish the possibilities and limitations of μ‐CT for routine processing of nondemineralized bone tissue. Hydroxyapatite (HA) or β‐tricalciumphosphate (β‐TCP) bead implants or a melange of both, microchambered and solid, were implanted into a standardized and precise defect in the patellar groove. The bone‐healing phase was chosen for the histology considering 1 or 2 days, and 2, 3, and 6 weeks. Normal X‐ray and μ‐CT were applied on all specimens; five specimens in the 6‐week stage were additionally processed according to the full range of conventional nondemineralized bone processing methods. μ‐CT increased the possibilities of nondemineralized histology with respect to bone morphometry and a complete sequence of sections, thus providing a complete analysis of the bone response. μ‐CT was limited in differentiating bone quality, cell analyses, and mineralization stages. The investigation based on normal X‐rays is limited to defining integration and excluding the fibrous and bony encapsulation of loose implants. μ‐CT allows a 3D evaluation of newly formed bone which is clearly marked against the ceramic implant. It does not allow, however, for the differentiation between woven and lamellar bone, the presentation of the canalicular lacunar system, or on the cell level, revealing canaliculi or details of the mineralization process which can be documented by high‐resolution microradiography. Titer dynamics of bone formation remains the domain of polychromatic sequential labeling.

The complete sequence of μ‐CT slices enhances the possibilities for routine histology, tremendously allowing to the focus on detail histology to topographically well‐defined cuts, thus providing more precise conclusions which take into consideration the whole implant. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kidney injury and cell therapy: Preclinical study
Authors: Cabral Rosa Maria , Ferraz Maíra S. , Rizzo Márcia dos S. , Sousa Francisco Das Chagas A. , Rodrigues Nirnheila M. , Ibiapina Pollyanna B. , Ambrósio Carlos E. , De Carvalho Maria Acelina M.
Published: October 2011

The aim of this study is to show histological and immunofluorescence analysis of renal parenchyma of agoutis affected by gentamicin‐induced renal disease after the infusion of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) stained with Hoechst®. Nine agouti's males were divided into three groups: Test group (TG): renal disease by gentamicin induced (n = 3), cell therapy group (CTG): renal disease by gentamicin induced and BMMC infusion (n = 3), and control group (CG): nonrenal disease and BMMC infusion (n = 3). TG and CTG were submitted to the protocol of renal disease induction using weekly application of gentamicin sulfate for 4 months. CG and CTG received a 1 × 108 BMMC stained with Hoechst and were euthanized for kidney examination 21 days after BMMC injection and samples were collected for histology and immunofluorescence analysis. Histological analysis demonstrated typical interstitial lesions in kidney similarly to human disease, as tubular necrosis, glomerular destruction, atrophy tubular, fibrotic areas, and collagen deposition. We conclude that histological analysis suggest a positive application of agouti's as a model for a gentamicin inducing of kidney disease, beyond the immunofluorescence analysis suggest a significant migration of BMMC to sites of renal injury in CTG. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and validation of a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of the novel inhibitor of angiogenesis E‐3810 in human plasma and its application in a clinical pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Sala Federica , Bagnati Renzo , Livi Valeria , Cereda Roberta , D'Incalci Maurizio , Zucchetti Massimo
Published: October 2011

E‐3810, 6‐[[7‐[(1‐aminocyclopropyl)methoxy]‐6‐methoxy‐4‐quinolyl]oxy]‐N‐methyl‐naphthalene‐1‐carboxamide, is a novel, potent, dual inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor receptors with antiangiogenic properties, now under early clinical evaluation as an anticancer agent. To investigate its clinical pharmacokinetics, a high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to measure the drug in human plasma on the basis of simple protein precipitation with methanol after addition of deuterated E‐3810 as internal standard. The method requires a small volume of sample (100 µl) and is rapid and selective, allowing good resolution of peaks in 5 min. It is sensitive, precise, and accurate, with overall precision, expressed as CV%, always ≤7.1%, accuracy in the range 92.7%–104.4%, and high recovery, close to 100%. The limit of detection is 0.01 ng/ml, and the lower limit of quantitation is 2.0 ng/ml. The assay was validated in the range from the lower limit of quantitation up to 500.0 ng/ml. This is the first method developed and validated for analyzing E‐3810 in human plasma. The method has been successfully applied to study E‐3810 pharmacokinetics in cancer patients with solid tumors who are receiving daily oral doses of the drug during the phase I trial. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of chromosomal mediated cadmium resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BC15
Authors: Raja Chellaiah Edward , Selvam Govindan Sadasivam
Published: October 2011

Cadmium (Cd) has been used extensively in metal plating, mining, paints and plastic generation etc. In this study, Cd resistance (cadR) gene was characterized from the environmental isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa BC15. The cadR sequences showed high homology with P. aeruginosa FLH033011 (100%), P. aeruginosa PAO1 (99%), and P. aeruginosa UCBPP‐PA14 (98%) respectively. Homology modeling of cadR was carried out by using swiss‐prot server. Crystal structures of E. coli CueR for Cu (1q05) and ZntR (1q08) for Zn have been used as a template. The sequence identity of P. aeruginosa cadR shares 34% for CueR and 43% for ZntR. Fold recognition of P. aeruginosa cadR was created by using PHYRE web server. Transcriptional regulator CueR (1q06a) from E. coli was chosen as the template. CadR has 31% identity and the estimated precision was 100%. The cadR gene was cloned in pET30b and transformed into E. coli BL21. The molecular weight protein of cadR was estimated to be 25 kDa by SDS‐PAGE. The recombinant E. coli cadR efficiently grow in the Cd supplemented LB medium and agar plate. The order of the resistance of E. coli cadR was Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Ni > Zn. These findings can lead to the use of P. aeruginosa BC15 for the remediation of Cd and other heavy metals present in the polluted environment. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)