bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Sistem Keamanan Autentikasi Single Sign On (SSO) Menggunakan Algoritma AES dan One-Time Password Studi Kasus: SSO Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia
Authors: Musliyana Zuhar , Arif Teuku Yuliar , Munadi Rizal
Published: August 2016

Single Sign On (SSO) merupakan model autentikasi independen yang diimplementasikan Universitas Ubudiyah Indonesia (UUI) menggunakan Message-Digest Algorithm 5 (MD5) dan web service NuSOAP berbasis bahasa pemograman PHP. Sistem ini berjalan pada protokol Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Faktanya penggunaan protokol HTTP ini sangat rentan terhadap berbagai jenis serangan karena data dikirim dalam bentuk plaintext tanpa ada proses enkripsi dan penerapan algoritma MD5 pada autentikasi login juga rentan terhadap serangan dictionary attacks dan rainbow tables. Disisi lain, Penggunaan web service NuSOAP juga menciptakan celah keamanan karena pengiriman dan penerimaan payload tidak dienkripsi. Saat ini diketahui sudah ada beberapa metode yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pengamanan kerentanan tersebut diantaranya yaitu menggunakan Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS), Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (SHTTP) dan Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA). Namun beberapa hasil penelitian terkait memperlihatkan masih terdapat beberapa kelemahan dari penggunaan HTTPS, SHTTP dan CAPTCHA. Penelitian ini mengusulkan penggunaan algoritma Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) dengan pembangkit kunci dinamis dan metode One-Time Password (OTP) berbasis sinkronisasi waktu dengan kombinasi salt untuk meningkatkan keamanan pada autentikasi SSO UUI. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan penerapan algoritma AES dan OTP  dapat mengamankan proses autentikasi SSO  dari serangan dictionary attack dan rainbow table.
To the study of spider fauna (Arachnida, Aranei) of the alder grove in the Stuhna river valley (Kyiv region)
Authors: Singaevskiy E.
Published: August 2016

The species composition and relative number herpetobiont spiders of the alder grove in the valley of Stugna River was investigated. 52 spider species from 12 families was noted, the dominant species was identified. Was established that spider family Linyphiidae is dominate by the species number – 16 (28.8%) and the spiders of the family Lycosidae is dominate by the relative density of specimens – 52,8%. The simultaneous dominance of the three species is revealed: Piratula hygrophila – 20% of the total number of individuals, Pardosa alacris – 19,9% and Pachygnatha listeri – 17,8%. The maximum value of the dynamics of species diversity (31 species), and dynamic density of spiders (80 ind. / 100 trap-days) was recorded in the third decade of May. The main part of the population of spiders is presented by mesophilic species – 39 (75%).
Nexus between Tourism and Gross Domestic Product in Sri Lanka
Authors: Aslam A.L.M.
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, policy makers believe that the tourism is a positive tool for economic growth of nations because which helps to economies of countries by several ways. In Sri Lankan experience it was not statistically confirmed. The aim of this study was to test the nexus between the tourism earnings and the gross domestic product in Sri Lanka. To test this nexus this study used time series data during the period of 1970 to 2014, and employed the multiple regressions model. In this study, the gross domestic product in constant price was used as dependant variable and exchange rate, foreign remittance, tourism earning, and inflation rate were considered as independent variables. Based on the regression outcomes, this study found that the tourism positively maintained the nexus on the gross domestic product in Sri Lanka at five percent significant level.
Interactive Technologies in Teaching a Foreign Language at Higher Educational Establishment
Authors: Gorbanyova Oksana
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of using interactive technologies in the process of teaching a foreign language at a higher educational institution. The principal result of our research is the analysis of the influence of using interactive techniques on acquiring communicative competence and personal development. The major conclusions estimate the significance of applying interactive technologies in learning process.
Batch Fermentation Options for High Titer Bioethanol Production from a SPORL Pretreated Douglas-fir Forest Residue without Detoxification
Authors: Yang Mingyan , Ji Hairui , ZHU J.Y.
Published: August 2016

This study evaluated batch fermentation modes, namely, separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), Quasi-simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (Q-SSF), and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and fermentation conditions, i.e., enzyme and yeast loadings, nutrient supplementation and sterilization, on high titer bioethanol production from SPORL-pretreated Douglas-fir forest residue without detoxification. The result indicated Q-SSF and SSF were obviously superior to SHF operation in terms of ethanol yield. The enzyme loading showed a strong positive correlation between enzyme loading and the ethanol yield. The nutrient supplementation and sterility was not necessary for ethanol production from SPORL-pretreated Douglas-fir. The yeast loading showed no significant influence on the ethanol yield for typical SSF conditions. The terminal ethanol titer of 43.2 g/L, or 75.1% theoretical based on glucose, mannose, and xylose theoretical was achieved when SSF was conducted at the condition of following: whole slurry solids loading of 15%, enzyme loading of 20 FPU/g glucan, 1.8 g/kg (wet) yeast loading, without nutrition supplementation and sterilization, at 38°C, on shake flask at 150 rpm for 96h. It is believed that with mechanical mixing, enzyme loading can be substantially reduced with affect ethanol yield by using a long fermentation time.
Research on the Dynamic Evolution Behavior of Group Loitering Air Vehicles
Authors: Bing Li , Ning You
Published: August 2016

In this paper we focus on integrated Reconnaissance/Strike LAV, in order to reveal the evolution regularity when group LAVs combats cooperatively. The evolution of cooperative behavior of group LAVs, which is described with finite state machine, can be regarded as a conversion process of a LAV in different task states, using the rate equation for probability analysis. Then based on the missions of integration of reconnaissance, attack, and damage effectiveness evaluation, we build the model of finite state machine based on behavior state transition. Solved with Runge-Kutta method. We can analyze how the key technology quota of LAV impact on the operational effectiveness of Group LAVs.the fractional order control approach.
Electrical Submersible Pump Operation Optimization with Time Series Production Data Analysis
Authors: Zhu David , Alyamkin Sergey , Sesack Laura , Bridges Jeffrey , Letzig Jamie
Published: August 2016

Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) operation faces new challenges with the advent of unconventional completions. Quick production decline means that ESP operators need proactive methods to deploy equipment for applicable flowrate ranges. The benefit for production forecasting and optimization is not only maximized accumulated oil production, but also improved ESP run life. This paper demonstrates the production forecasting capability of a time series data analysis method called Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA).

Applying SSA to customer-provided raw, daily production data results in production data historical matching and future production forecasting. The strength of SSA stems from the ability to make a decomposition of the original series into a summation of the principal independent and interpretable components such as slowly varying trends, cycling components and random noise. [1] The trending component can be used for future production forecasting if it is the only principle component among all decomposed components.

Research proves that SSA can be utilized to forecast daily production rates based on a raw production dataset without any preprocessing or transformation of the original series. The trending component revealed by SSA for production prediction matches the forecasting capability of traditional reservoir production decline curve analysis (DCA), and is a considerable time-saving method. Unlike DCA, SSA is a nonparametric, modeless time series analysis method so no assumption for a certain model is needed to be setup before analysis.

Not only can SSA be used for production forecasting, but it can also be used for ESP operational optimization. Secondary or tertiary decomposed components from SSA can shed light on possible ESP operational issues or wellbore issues that could change the course of the typical production decline behavior for a well. Several case studies are included in this paper to demonstrate the capability of SSA in areas of ESP early faulty detection, evaluating the impact of ESP operation parameters on the reservoir and detection of cycling pattern on production that could lead to further investigation.
Enhanced Well Control Implementing Human Factors
Authors: De Nicolais Nelly , Vadala Rossana , Abate John , Olsen Jan , McHattie Jamie
Published: August 2016

Recently, there have been significant enhancements for well control training. Accidents have motivated and necessitated this improvement. As a result of accident investigation, the IOGP (International Association of Oil and Gas Producers) recommended to define, develop and implement enhanced technical and behavioral practices for well control training coupled with evaluation and certification of the recognized industry certifying bodies. Implementation of these recommendations and improvements is the topic treated in this paper.

These enhancements address best practices and add the topic "human factors" to the course. Human factors refer to situational awareness, decision-making, teamwork and dynamics, leadership, communication and performance shaping factors. This paper also outlines traditional well control training. Traditional well control training has typically four levels, each with its own materials, and thereby targets various drilling professionals with different roles on the rig. The highest level course is designed for supervisors, and is required in order to participate in the new IWCF (International Well Control Forum) accredited Enhanced Well Control course. The Enhanced Well Control course has been developed with the accreditation body (IWCF), a drilling contractor (Seadrill) and a training provider (Maersk Training). Having representation of these three entities maximizes the effectiveness of this training in that the interests of the end user, the accreditor and, of course, the service provider are all met within a common and agreed upon framework. Enhanced Well Control incorporates expanded scenarios (setting of cement, running casing, and unconventional well kill methods), specific practices and exercises and behavioral responses. Many topics are covered with focus on teamwork, leadership, decision-making and situational awareness. Case studies and customized scenarios are also treated. These developments in well control training provide a safer and more productive drilling environment.
Using a Forensic Tool to Save Bed Space With Visual Planning
Authors: Little Joe , Fleming Claire , Donnelly Bob
Published: August 2016

This paper will show how learning from another industry can have a measureable, positive impact on the energy sector; and how BP's recognition and early adoption of one visualization system has generated significant value through reduced Operational Expenditures (OPEX), increased efficiencies and enhanced collaboration.

This paper will show how BP was a pioneering adopter of visual asset management (VAM) through its use of the R2S system and how its search for innovative technological solutions outside the energy industry uncovered R2S, a technology that had been used since 2003 for crime scene forensic investigations. BP recognized that R2S would be invaluable in providing onshore staff with a detailed view of offshore facilities, comprehensive visual context, reduced travel and bed space requirements and improved access to vital information.

The case studies referenced in this paper provide examples from both the North Sea and Gulf of Mexico that demonstrate how the adoption of this technology has yielded considerable financial and time savings (stretching into man years); improved collaboration, familiarisation, problem solving, HSE and, crucially, reduced bed space requirements.

From a technology designed to support a completely different industry - forensic, R2S has evolved into a technology which is supporting BP, to meet several key challenges facing the industry, not least the lack of offshore bed space. As an established norm for asset management within various BP business segments and throughout its supply chains, this paper will also show how, through continued collaboration with the R2S development team, BP's R2S users are working to ensure the system evolves to meet business needs going forward.
Enhancing Real Time Decision Making Through Virtual Metering by Integrating Third Party Simulation Software with Live Data
Authors: Filsell G. R. , Rohnean A. I.
Published: August 2016

On Oil & Gas facilities, metering systems are used for monitoring and recording plant conditions and specifications in order to support decision making. However many key specifications required for operational decisions cannot be physically metered. Traditionally this would require an engineer to analyse other recorded variables to determine the value for such a specification. This paper describes an innovative approach to support real time operational decision making by creating virtual meters.

While useful on a small scale, the traditional method is time consuming and error-prone. Our approach involves the development of an automated service that gathers live data from the plant's operational historian and integrates with third party simulation software to enable more complex calculations of plant specifications of interest. The service is then able to publish the calculated values back to the operational historian in near-real time, simulating the behaviour of plant meters.

This approach is effectively creating virtual meters that support real-time decision making at an operational level. The process is automated, allowing the engineers to focus on using these specifications rather than calculating them. The produced data is recorded periodically and available in the same format as the rest of the plant data. The same methods and tools can be used for analysis of the live and historical data for identifying trends and predicting when a specification is approaching key thresholds, enabling the operator to take steps to rectify the process. The concept has been successfully used for a major operator in the North Sea to allow them to maintain production specifications within contractual requirements.

The creation of virtual meters by integrating key systems to support near-real time decision making is a novel approach, which can be extended to other areas where measuring plant conditions / specifications is not physically easy or possible.
Results of Real-Time Production Optimization of a Maturing North Sea Gas Asset with Production Constraints
Authors: de Boer J. , van der Linden R. , Renes W.
Published: August 2016

Operating maturing assets poses increasingly complex challenges to operators. Meeting hourly or daily production targets becomes more difficult when wells are more often shut in for e.g. water washes (against salt deposition) or solvent jobs (at asphaltenes deposition). Declining reservoir pressure in turn results in less margin to compensate lost production while topside facilities can put constraints when production GOR and watercut increase at late production life. In a joint industry project of Wintershall, GdF, EBN, Siemens and TNO the applicability of real-time optimization is explored. The problem description, system architecture and initial optimizer results were presented in Linden (2013). This paper presents results of the optimization project and looks ahead to further field realization. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate that production of a mature North Sea gas asset can be optimized taking into account realistic constraints. All wells at this gas asset are intermittently shut in for water washes while daily nominations must be met. It will be shown that the optimization algorithm obeys the constraints and is fast enough for real-time application and thereby ready for field implementation.
Real-Time Production Surveillance and Optimization at a Mature Subsea Asset
Authors: Ma Xiang , Borden Zachary , Porto Paul , Burch Damian , Huang Nancy , Benkendorfer Paul , Bouquet Lynne , Xu Peng , Swanberg Cassandra , Hoefer Lynne , Barber Daniel F. , Ryan Tom C.
Published: August 2016

A real-time production surveillance and optimization system has been developed to integrate available surveillance data with the objective of driving routine production optimization. The system aims to streamline data capture, automate data quality assurance, integrate high and low frequency data to extract maximum value, optimize the design and analysis of commingled well tests, and provide real-time multi-phase well rate estimates for continuous well performance evaluation.

A key challenge identified was the need to understand individual well contribution during commingled well tests, as traditional approaches may provide unrepresentative results. Additionally, the well tests are typically infrequent, thus further limiting the reliability of estimated well rates as production system dynamics between well tests are not accounted for. A third challenge recognized was the need for efficient testing procedures in order to minimize deferred production. To address these issues, a fully integrated model of the production system was used, and is driven by a computational algorithm that automatically calibrates the model to real-time sensor data.

A new systematic approach was developed to analyze multi-segment commingled well tests simultaneously to improve the accuracy of resulting measurements. Between well tests, a robust regression algorithm is used to continuously adapt and re-calibrate the model when well conditions change. This algorithm can automatically detect sensor bias and apply an appropriate weighting when calibrating the model. In addition, a regularization technique is also used to prevent physically unrealistic changes in the well parameters between infrequent well tests.

The technology is currently applied to an offshore deepwater asset and early benefits include a 2% production uplift realized from optimizing gas lift allocation and performing a single well routing change recommended by the technology. Furthermore, more reliable rate allocation to wells has improved the quality of subsurface models used for reservoir management.
Monitoring of Non-Technical Barriers
Authors: Næss S. , Fløtaker H. P. , Kaarstad M. , Drøivoldsmo A.
Published: August 2016

Companies on the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) have in recent years mainly focused on control of the integrity of technical barriers. Against the background of learning from incidents, verification and monitoring activities, both authorities and companies have seen the need to strengthen the work of the management of non-technical barriers.

DNV GL and IFE have together with an NCS operator company developed a method to proactively capture factors that have impact on major accident risk in the organisation. The method monitors the use and maintenance of non-technical barriers against major accidents on three levels of management. It is pro-active, and strengthens the management's ability to identify and understand the subtle signals of weakening of non-technical barriers against major accidents. The method may be included in the existing management system; it is based on existing requirements and does not need new systems, resources or expertise.

The testing on the three management levels showed that the method is relatively easy to learn, but using the method required understanding. Those who were involved seem relatively quickly to take ownership and see the usefulness of the method. The strength of the method is its ability to support the company's subject matter expertise to interpret ambiguous information, identify weak signals and assemble knowledge into information that can be used to assess the status of non-technical barriers. Based on this, the expertise can prioritize and highlight few and effective measures at all levels of the organization. On the basis of the good experience from the testing, the project recommends to implement the method in the organisation.
Optimal Field Development and Control Yields Accelerated, More Reliable, Production: A North Sea Case Study
Authors: Sefat M. Haghighat , Muradov K. M. , Davies D. R.
Published: August 2016

Intelligent (I-) wells equipped with Interval Control Valves (ICVs) add downhole (zonal) control and multiple flow monitoring sensors to the capabilities of Conventional (C-) Wells. They reduce the well count and accelerate the field's production ramp-up by managed, commingled production from multiple reservoir layers (or zones). This early NPV gain during the plateau period is easily lost if optimum flow control management is not practiced. Optimal C- and I- field management and control during this period is a complicated optimization problem using multiple reservoir simulation models generated to address limited knowledge of the reservoir.

This study discusses the application of a state-of-the-art robust optimization framework that addresses the challenging problem of I-field control under reservoir uncertainty to develop an optimum well and zone management strategy. A stochastic gradient estimation method optimizes a utility function to account for the reservoir description uncertainty. This framework enabled identification of the optimum control scenario for a recent, real North Sea field development using a single, high-end workstation.

The field development plan requires drilling 21 C-wells - 14 producers and 7 injectors. Six of these C-producers penetrate two separate reservoirs; presenting the opportunity to replace them with three I-production wells with controlled, commingled production. Reducing the number of wells via a partial I-well field development scenario resulted in an increased, early-time, NPV and accelerated plateau production. Robust, proactive optimization of these wells ensured that the early NPV gain was maintained. It extended the oil production plateau in all reservoir model realizations. The field NPV increased by up to 4.5% when compared to a "no-proactive-production-control" scenario. The larger gains in the field NPV, as a result of robust proactive optimization, were achieved by the less favorable, reservoir simulation realizations - reducing the uncertainty associated with the profitability of the field development.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Oilfield Operation and Intervention
Authors: Akanji L. T. , Ofi I.
Published: August 2016

Oilfield operation and production management particularly in extreme geographic location is still a challenge from optimisation and cost-effectiveness points of view. Further, data handling and storage attract huge capital investments with little realisation of ultimate goal of effective and efficient handling and management. In this work, we propose an artificial intelligence technique of oilfield operation monitoring and intervention. Real time data generated from remote and challenging oilfields is used to decipher the performance of operational processes. We integrate the meta-heuristic optimisation searching speed of an enhanced algorithm with the robustness of fuzzy logic reasoning; based on the degree of membership functions rather than exact or extreme conditions, and the learning capability of neural networks, to derive the required intelligence. This allows a predictive and proactive intervention in oilfield operations and management.
Rumo à securitização das migrações nas américas? perspectivas da América Latina e do Sul
Authors: Nabuco Martuscelli Patrícia
Published: August 2016

Este trabalho, a partir das teorias de securitização da Escola de Copenhagen, analise se houve a securitização das migrações na América Latina, com especial ênfase na América do Sul. Para isso, são revisadas as principais teorias sobre migração e segurança e são analisados documentos regionais que abordam o tema. Este estudo se justifica por causa do aumento da ênfase na questão imigratória, principalmente considerando a agenda do candidato Donald Trump às eleições norte-americanas. O artigo conclui que, apesar da forte tendência securitária presente nos Estados Unidos da América, houve apenas politização das migrações, mas não a securitização desse tema na agenda latino-americana, com sua discussão permanecendo na seara dos direitos humanos e não nos debates de segurança.
Da cultura estratégica: uma abordagem sistêmica e interdisciplinar
Authors: Barras Romana Heitor
Published: August 2016

O conceito operacional de cultura estratégica – numa perspectiva interdisciplinar e sistémica, com o contributo de elementos da cultura política e da cultura geopolítica – contempla os valores, símbolos e padrões culturais que modelam a posição dos povos, e em especial das suas elites, em relação à defesa e à forma como é garantida a segurança nacional: instrumentos adaptados; mobilização da sociedade; posição do Estado na hierarquia da ordem internacional e capacidades de afirmação de uma estratégia nacional. A China (Cronos), a Rússia (Topos)e os EUA (Ethos) são os principais objectos de estudo na investigação aplicada sobre cultura estratégica, incidindo na análise dos elementos histórico-culturais e geopolíticos: implicações na concepção e execução das suas estratégias de segurança, de defesa e de política externa, e as suas implicações no equilíbrio do sistema internacional.
A periculosidade da área de operações da divisão naval brasileira na costa ocidental africana durante a grande guerra em 1918
Authors: Alves de Almeida Francisco Eduardo
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo tem o propósito de analisar o grau de periculosidade de atividade submarina inimiga na área de operações alocada à Divisão Naval em Operações de Guerra (DNOG), o triângulo inserido entre Dacar, Ilhas de Cabo Verde e Gibraltar, na costa ocidental africana, pelo Comando Aliado no período compreendido entre agosto e novembro de 1918. Inicialmente discute-se a entrada no Brasil no conflito, as contribuições oferecidas pelo governo brasileiro às nações aliadas e a ida da divisão naval para a costa africana. Em seguida discute- se a preparação e a ida da divisão para a costa africana. Posteriormente são apresentadas informações baseadas em documentação primária e secundária a respeito das atividades submarinas alemães na área de operações da DNOG, para se concluir pela baixa periculosidade da área em relação a outras áreas mais perigosas e ativas em operações anti-submarino dos países aliados.
THz technology for vision systems
Authors: Trontelj J. , Sesek A. , Svigelj A.
Published: August 2016

d.o.o, Sempeter pri Gorici, Slovenija
KW nema
KR nema
The THz radiation brings new technology challenges and new opportunities to
overcome some of the current application obstacles. In the paper a portable
THz system is presented operating at room temperature. The presented solution
is robust and inexpensive, convenient for many applications. The THz sensor
fabricated at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in the Laboratory for
Microelectronics is currently one of the best sensors in its frequency
operating range. It reaches sensitivity up to 1000V/W and NEP down to 5pW/?Hz
in vacuum. With the proposed system solution variety of application can be
covered. Some imaging results captured with the proposed system at different
stand-off distances are shown in the paper.
Optimization on start-up process of high-pressure rotor for large power steam turbine
Authors: Du Qiu-Wan , Zheng Zhao-Li , Xie Yong-Hui
Published: August 2016

This paper combines thermal-structure coupling technique and pattern search
optimization algorithm to establish an optimization system for the start-up
process of a turbine unit. Firstly, a finite element model for
thermal-structure coupling calculation is established to accurately analyze
the transient temperature field and thermal stress field, which can obtain
the thermal stress distribution during start-up process. Afterwards, a
program of optimization on rotor start-up process is exploited to improve the
time allocation in each operating stage of start-up process, which minimizes
the maximum equivalent stress of rotor. The maximum equivalent stress has
reduced 25.7% after the optimization, which reveals obvious effect.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor-associated Angioedema Treated with c1-esterase Inhibitor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Erickson Davis Lynn , Coop Christopher Albert
Published: August 2016

Case Report

A 59-year old man currently on >5 years of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) therapy presented to the emergency department with angioedema of the tongue and difficulty swallowing. After receiving conventional therapy of antihistamine, steroids, and epinephrine, the patient's condition continued to deteriorate, with imminent intubation. The patient was treated with a C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) and experienced rapid resolution of symptoms, which avoided airway complications.

Discussion

Although no therapy has been approved for the treatment of ACEI–associated angioedema (AAE), the conventional therapy (antihistamine, steroids, and epinephrine) often proves ineffective in this bradykinin-mediated angioedema. There are drugs approved and used for hereditary angioedema that may be effective in the acute phase of ACEI-AAE that may prevent the need for further interventions, such as intubation and tracheotomy. These drugs include icatibant, ecallantide, fresh frozen plasma, and C1-INH.

Conclusion

The literature and clinical evidence indicate C1-INH can be effectively used in the treatment of ACEI-AAE to halt the progression of the condition, prevent airway compromise and the need for intervention, and lead to rapid resolution of symptoms.
Presentation of invasive cervical cancer in Bangladesh
Authors: Ferdous Jannatul , Begum Shirin Akter , Ferdous Noor-E- , Nahar Qamrun , Khatun Sayeda Fatema , Khatun Sabera
Published: August 2016

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. More than 85% of the disease occurs in developing countries. Bangladesh, like other developing countries faces a burden of the disease. ObJec­tive: To find out the different way of presentation of invasive cervical cancer patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Gynaecologic Oncology wing of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Bang­abandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during 1st January 2007 to 30th April 2008. One hundred and four patients with invasive cervical cancer admitted in hospital were enrolled in the study by purposive sampling. All the infor­mation were collected in a pre-designed structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical program SPSS version: 17.0. Frequency distributions were used to present the characteristics of the patients. Chi-square test was calcu­lated and the significant level was set at P<0.05. Results: Maximum patients (60.6%) were in stage II. Majority of the patients (61.5%) presented with abnormal bleeding. Exophytic growth was found in the majority of the patients (71.2%). Squamous cell carcinoma was more (92.3%) in the majority of patients and adenocarcinoma was more in younger age group. Conclusion: The status of the patients irJ this study reflects advanced stage of the disease at presentation and the peak incidence was observed in 36-45 years age group.
Known risk factors and co-morbidities in 100 cases of cerebral palsy in a neu­rology follow-up clinic
Authors: Islam Mohammed Mahbubul , Lslam Kazi Ashraful , Bilquise Regina , Akhter Shaheen , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Kawser Choudhury Ali
Published: August 2016

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a major cause of crippling in children. Several antenatal, natal and post natal factors for CP like birth asphyxia and pretenn & LBW deliveries were identified.Objective: To see the presence of known risk factors of CP and co-morbidities in our setting. Methods: ln this study 100 cases of cerebral palsy attending the child neurology out-patient department Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) were evaluated with special attention to risk factors of CP. Full evaluation was done to find out co-morbidities. Results: Birth asphyxia (49%) was the most common risk factor. Mental retardation; speech problem and seizure were common co-morbidities. Conclusion: As birth asphyxia is common risk factor of cerebral palsy, it may be reduced by improving perinatal care.
Adrenal myelolipoma: Report of three symptomatic cases
Authors: Banu Sultana Gulshana , Rahman Mohammad Mosiur
Published: August 2016

Myelolipoma is a rare benign tumour composed of mature adipose tissue and nonnal haemopoietic elements. Although it can occur in extra-adrenal sites, it typically occurs in the adrenal glands. Being small and asymptomatic in most cases, myelolipomas are incidentally discovered at autopsies and now-a-days. by imaging. The tumour becomes symptomatic when it attains a large size, when it ruptures, or when it is associated with endocrine abnormalities of the adrenals. We report three cases of adrenal myelolipoma with symptoms like abdominal pain and discomfort, obesity and hypertension. One of the cases also had a co-incidental Ilydatid cyst of liver. Diagnosis of myelolipoma was suspected on imaging (computed tomography and ultrasound scan) and was confirmed by histopathology. The patients were followed up for one year after surge1y. One patient was found well and symptomless. One sustained hypertension but was otherwise healthy. The remaining patient, who had hypertension and renal complications previously, developed fluctuating hypertension and chronic renal failure about six months after operation.
A neuroimaging study in childhood autism
Authors: Mullick Mohammad S. I. , Rahman Wasima , Alim S. M. Abu Hena Mostafa , Chowdhury Hafizur Rahman
Published: August 2016

Background: Childhood autism is now widely viewed as being of developmental neurological origin. Abnormality in neuroimaging is reported in autism.Objectives: To delineate the proportion of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electro encephalography (EEG) abnormality among the children with Autism and to assess any association of MRI and EEG changes with co morbid mental illness.Methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive study done at a child and adolescent consultation centre, Dhaka. The study was Carried out from January 2009 to December 2009. Both boys and girls were included in the study. A total of 42 children with childhood autism aged between two and 12 years partici­pated in this study. Diagnosis of autism was based on ICD-10(DCR) criteria. Results: Abnormalities were found to be 35.7% in MRI and 42.9% in EEG. EEG abnormalities were found in the form of defuse slow waves activities, generalized faster activities, epileptogenic discharge and mixed discharge. The abnormalities in MRI was found in the form of diffuse cortical atrophic changes, focal cortical atrophy in frontal and temporal cortex with widening of major sulci, prominent ventricles, periventricular degeneration and abnormal basal ganglia. EEG changes were significantly associated with increased number of co-morbid illness (mental retardation, epilepsy and others). Conclusion: A number of abnom1alities that observed in the present study indicative of relations between structural and physiological dysfunctions and childhood autism. Further exploratory and in-depth researches are certainly required in this field. Intervention of autism needs to address co morbidities for better outcome.
The adnexal mass: Benign or malignant? Evaluation of risk of malignancy index
Authors: Nahar Shamsun , Shamsuddin Latifa
Published: August 2016

Background: Screening programme for ovarian malignancy is an international public demand. Ojective: To validate a risk of malignancy index (RMI) incorporating serum CA125, abdominal ultrasound findings and menopausal status for preoperative diagnosis of ovarian malignancy among patient with adnexal mass.Methods: This prospective observa­tional study was conducted on 57 patients having adnexal mass admitted consecutively for surgical exploration in BSMMU from January 2000 to March 2001. S. CA125 assay & abdominal ultrasonography was done within 10 days preoperatively. Ultrasound score (0, 1 & 3) using 5 sonographic features & menopausal score (1 & 3) were calculated. RMI was detected by the formula "RMI = Ultrasound score - Menopausal score - S. CA125 level" Definitive diagnosis was based on histopathological examination.See PDF for the rest of the abstract.
Fasting glycaemia is a predictor of outcome after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Shofiullah - , Patwary Ismail , Rahman Matiur , Shahabuddin -
Published: August 2016

Background: Patients with recent myocardial infarction have an increased incidence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and new-onset diabetes. There is a clear relationship between elevated fasting glucose during acute myocardial infarction and increased mortality and morbidity risk. Objective: To find out the impact of fasting glycaemia as a predictor of outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: A total of 102 patients with acute myocardial infarction of first attack were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifty-one patients with acute myocardial infarc­tion having fasting hyperglycaemia were enrolled as case group and another 51 patients with acute myocardial infarctions having fasting euglycaemia were enrolled as control group. Results: Among the diabetic patients, acute left ventricular failure (ALVF) developed in 22 (68.8% ), arrhythmias in 5 (16.6%) and cardiovascular mortality in 8 (25.0% ) patients ; it was 7 (36.8%), 4 (21.1 %) and 4 (21.1 %) respectively in IFG patients; and 7 (13.7%) ,4 (7.8%) and 2 (3.9%) respec­tively in euglycaemia patients. Acute left ventricular failme and 30 days CV mortality significantly differed among the groups (p<0.001 and p=0.015 respectively). But no significant difference in arrhythmias (p=-0.284). Conclusions: The patients of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes mellitus both were predictor for in hospital heart failure (ALVF) and 30-day cardiovascular mortality as compared to euglycaemia.
Evaluation of semisolid agar method for antifungal susceptibility test of T. rubrum
Authors: Razia Sultana , Anwar Shahida , Miah Md. Ruhul Amin , Nahar Najmun , Barua Ripon
Published: August 2016

Background: With increasing fungal disease many newer antifungal drugs are available with different spectrum of activ­ity. Antifungal susceptibility test will help clinicians for selection of effective drug and thereby treatment of patient. Objective: The study was undertaken to perform a simple screening drug susceptibility test of T. rnbrum by Semi Solid Agar Antifungal Susceptibility (SAAS) Method: Perfonnance of susceptibility method was assessed by comparing the MICs of three commonly prescribed antifungal agents namely- tluconazole (FCZ), itraconazole (ITZ) and terbinafine (TER) to the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute) recommended M-38, a broth microdilution method. Results: In SAAS method, among twenty nine T. rubrum, twenty five (86.2%) were susceptible (MIC range 0.5-64 µg/ml) to Fluconazole (FCZ) and four (13.7%) were resistant (MIC value >64 µg/ml). In broth microdilution method, among twenty nine T. rubrum, twenty six (89.6%) were susceptible (MIC range 0.3-64 µg/ml) to FCZ and three (10.3%) were resistant (MIC value >64 µg/ml). In case of both ITZ and TER, all were susceptible (MIC range 0.3-64 µg/ml) to both methods. The SAAS method demonstrated the susceptibility pattern of T. rubrum against FCZ, ITZ and TER usually within 72 to 96 hours after organism isolation and results were concordance with the results of CLSI broth microdilution method. Conclusion: Though it is a newer method with proper standardization of the test method, SAAS method is simple and easily applicable screening method for susceptibility testing of antifungal agents against dermatophytes in any microbiology laboratories.
Squamous cell carcinoma developed on hypertropic lichen planus
Authors: Siddique Md. Rahmat Ullah , Rahaman Md. Mahabubur , Islam Md. Aminul , Khan Md. Zulfiqar Hossain , Rahman Md. Moksedur , Barbhuiyan Md. Zahed Parvez
Published: August 2016

Carcinoma occurring in the cutaneous lesions of Lichen Planus though rarely mentioned in literature does occw-and should be kept in mind while treating such lesions. We report a 30 year female who developed a squamous cell carcinoma in a long standing hypertropic lichen planus in the lower leg. This case is being presented to indicate the possibility of malignant transformation of cutaneous lichen planus to carcinoma, especially in the hypertrophic fonns and the need to have an early diagnosis so that it can be treated in the initial stages. A high degree of suspicion should be present when­ever we come across a non healing lesion in a patient with lichen planus. A few markers, which may give us a clue for increased chances of malignant transformation in these cases is presented.
Emphysematous pyelonephritis
Authors: Hossain Md. Ismail , Ahmed Mainuddin , Alam A. B. M. Mobasher , Shazzad Md. Nabiduzzamane , Abdal Syed Jamil , Bhuiyan A. K. M. Motiur Rahman
Published: August 2016

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an acute necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma, prompt diagnosis and early treatment is crucial because of the high rate of mortality. We report a case of a 55-year-old female patient with ten-year history of diabetes mellitus presented with pain in right flank, fever and malaise. She was diagnosed as a case of emphyse­matous pyelonephritis, and was successfully treated in our department. The case is presented along with a literature review.
2D QSAR Approach to Develop Newer Analogs as Melatonin Receptor Agonist
Authors: Saha Supriyo , Acharya Mrityunjoy , Prinsa -
Published: August 2016

QSAR analysis was performed using 20 MT1 agonist and 18 MT2 agonist. MODI was 0.6373 in case of MT1 agonist and 0.6299 in case of MT2 agonist. QSAR model for MT1 receptor agonist was pKd = 16.24793(+/- 0.93539) +1.0924(+/-0.18831) ALogP -0.11399(+/-0.01383) apol +0.59876(+/-0.16599) C2SP3 -10.29435(+/-2.81413) E3p and for MT2 receptor agonist was pKd = 6.38692(+/-0.91098) +0.87139(+/-0.20258) ALogP -0.0351(+/-0.00542) AMR +3.33079 (+/-0.80377) SpMin6_Bhm +146.76208(+/-28.14492) VE2_Dt with statistical parameter as Q^2:0.79167, r^2 :0.88878, |r0^2-r'0^2|:0.04633,k:1.03159, [(r^2-r0^2)/r^2]:0.01013, k':0.96695, [(r^2- '0^2)/r^2]:0.06226 and Q^2:0.81401, r^2:0.97384, |r0^2-r'0^2|:0.1039, k:0.98543, [(r^2-r0^2)/r^2]:0.08048, k':1.01351, [(r^2-r'0^2)/r^2]:0.18717 respectively; comply with the Golbraikh and Tropsha acceptable model criteria. The results from MLR Y Randomization test in case of MT1 agonist was cRp^2: 0.7665 and MT2 agonist was cRp^2: 0.7284. Applicability domain were identified by Euclidean and Mahalanobis Distance Method. Finally it was clear that all the predicted data are inside the area of observed data points and also some data are purely overlapped.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 7-19, 2016 (June)
Computational Study of Geometry, Polarizability, Hyperpolarizability and Molecular Docking Studies of Naproxen
Authors: Aktar Sharmin , Khan Mohammad Firoz , Rahman Muhammed Mahfuzur , Rashid Mohammad A
Published: August 2016

A computational assessment of geometry, molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), Mulliken charge distribution, polarizability, hyperpolarizability and molecular docking study of naproxen with human COX-2 enzyme were conducted. B3LYP level of theory using 6-31G(d,p) basis set was used to optimize the structure of naproxen. The default Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) of Gaussian09 software was applied for all calculations involving solvents, water and n-octanol. Almost all bond lengths and angles of naproxen agree very well with the X-ray crystal structure suggesting that the molecule is well described with B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. The polarizability and first order hyperpolarizability were increased with the increase of solvent polarity. Moreover, docking study revealed that naproxen interacts with human COX-2 enzyme at a binding affinity of -8.2 kcal/mol forming one hydrogen bond with TYR354.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 37-45, 2016 (June)
Formulation and in vitro Assessment of Eudragit L 100 and Eudragit S 100 Based Naproxen Microspheres
Authors: Rahman Md Ataur , Ahmed Nusrat , Hasan Ikramul , Reza Md Selim
Published: August 2016

In the present study naproxen loaded microspheres were prepared by emulsification solvent evaporation method in order to achieve targeted drug delivery. Eudragit L 100 and Eudragit S 100 were used as the rate retardant polymers in the preparations. Thirteen formulations (F1-F13) were prepared using 22 factorial design by changing the concentration of these two polymers. All the formulations were evaluated for product yield, drug content, entrapment efficiency, particle size and drug release profiles. Highest drug content and entrapment efficiency were found to be 30.17% (F4) and 91.86% (F8) respectively. The particle size was found to be 159.26-234.70 ?m for all formulations. In-vitro drug release studies were performed using USP type II (Paddle) apparatus for 8 hrs in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. The maximum drug release after 8 hrs was found to be 60.19% for batch F4. The release kinetics of all formulations were evaluated by using zero order, first order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, Kopcha and Hixson Crowell model. Almost all formulations fitted best with the Kopcha kinetic model. The SEM study indicated the spherical structure of the microspheres having rough surfaces.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 47-55, 2016 (June)
Fabrication and in vitro Evaluation of Allopurinol Fast Dissolving Tablets Using Croscarmellose Sodium, Sodium Starch Glycolate and Crospovidone as Superdisintegrants
Authors: Moghal Md Mizanur Rahman , Mazumder Sujit Chandra , Lira Dilshad Noor , Rouf Abu Shara Shamsur
Published: August 2016

The main objective of the study was to formulate fast dissolving tablets of allopurinol to achieve better dissolution rate and further improving the bioavailability to provide a quick onset of action. Nine formulations of fast dissolving tablets of allopurinol were prepared by direct compression technique using croscarmellose sodium (Group A), sodium starch glycolate (Group B) and crospovidone (Group C) as superdisintegrants in different concentrations. All formulations showed satisfactory mechanical strength, uniform weight & drug content, and lesser wetting time & dispersion time. In vitro disintegration time, dispersion time, wetting time of all nine formulations were obtained from 11.67±0.88 to 40.67±1.20 seconds, 32.67±0.88 to 65.33±1.45 seconds and 21.67±0.33 to 50.00±1.53 seconds respectively. Amongst all formulations, formulation F-9 prepared by 4.17% crospovidone showed least disintegrating time of 11.67±0.88 seconds along with rapid drug release (98.88% within 15 minutes).Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 15(1): 73-81, 2016 (June)