bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Some Drought Tolerance Criteria in Locally Gynoecious Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.)
Authors: Abdul Razzaq I. A. M. , Al-Abdaly M. M. , Alhadeethi I. K.
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was carried out in an unheated plastic house in the College of Agriculture-University of Anbar/Ramadi – Iraq in the Autumn season 2018 and Spring season 2019, to evaluate some drought tolerance criteria for three locally hybrids of cucumber (H2, H3, H4) compared with Local hybrid (H1) Certified by Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture under three levels of soil moisture depletion (30%, 50%, 70%) were calculated on the basis of available water. Six criteria were used (Tol, MP, SSI, YSI, YI, GMP) to determine drought tolerance of planted cucumber hybrids. Results showed that the depletion level (30%) gave highest productivity in 2018 and 2019 (3.397, 5.190 Kg plant−1) on the respectively, whereas the lowest yield (3.061, 3.857 Kg plant−1) on the respectively for 70% depletion level. The hybrids H1 and H3 achive highest yield (3.488, 3.260 Kg plant−1) on the respectively in 2018, while the highest yield in 2019 was (4.782 and 4.758 Kg plant−1) for H3 and H1 hybrids on the respectively without significant differences. H4 hybrid gave the lowest yield in the two seasons with significant difference in comparison to H3 and H1. The results also showed that the locally producted hybrid H3 distinguished in most drought tolerance criteria compared with registered hybrid (H1) and was considered as a most tolerance to stress, whereas H1 hybrid the most sensitive to stress
Effects of Mycorrhiza Fungus and Licorice on Vegetative Growth of Lemon Grass Cymbopogon Citatus.L Plant
Authors: Abed M. K. , Al-Shaheen M. R.
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was carried out in the wooden canopy of the Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar. Mycorrhiza and licorice were added to the seedlings of lemongrass plant in order to increase some of the physiological and chemical characteristics in the plant, three levels of Mycorrhiza fungus 10 and 20 grams were added to the media, as for licorice, it was added at a rate of 0, 50 and 100 grams per pot. The highest rate of studied parameters (plant height, number of branches and chlorophyll rate in leaves) was obtained for the high combination of Mycorrhiza and licorice (4 grams of Mycorrhiza and 100 grams of licorice per pot) with a significant difference from the rest of the other combinations.
Effect of Salinity Irrigation Water on the Mineral Leaves Content for a Number of Alqutha Cucumber (Cucumis Melo Var. Flexuosus) Cultivated in Greenhouses
Authors: Abdulla A. A. , Abd A. M. , Al Khazraji H. A. K.
Published: May 2021

The experiment was conducted in the winter agricultural season 2020 in the greenhouses of Al-Faris Company in Al-Zubair district The aim of the study is studying the effect of salinity of irrigation water on the mineral leaves content of twenty-one cultivars of Armenian Cucumber(Cucumis melo var. flexuosus), Where the experiment included 42 treatments, which resulted from two main factors, the first one is irrigation water, which are (1and 5 dS.m−1)and the second factor was included 21cultivars, of Armenian cucumber were selected, 16 of which are local and 5 imported. The study showed that the salinity of irrigation water caused a significant increase in the leaves content of potassium and sodium, with an increase of 33.71% and 324.43%, respectively, while irrigation with Naturalwater caused an increase in the percentage of the potassium element to the sodium with an increase reached 330.83%, While the cultivars differed in their content of mineral elements, where the Tikrit cultivar excelled with the highest content of phosphorous and potassium amounted to 0.2299% and 6.820%, respectively. While the Diyala cultivar gave the highest leaves content of sodium 5.548%) and the Karbala cultivar excelled and gave the highest percentage of potassium to sodium in the leaves of 5.681%), while the Italian cultivar recorded the lowest percentage of phosphorus in the leaves 0.0201, the Diwaniyah cultivar gave the lowest percentage of potassium in leaves, reaching 4.240%, and the cultivar Amarah gave the lowest percentage of sodium in the leaves, reaching 2.218%.Where the Mosul cultivar (Abu Akaf) gave the lowest average of potassium to sodium ratio in the leaves when it reached 1.209%).
The Effect of Spraying with Benzyle Adnin and Marine Alga Extract (Algazone) in Improving the Phenotypic Properties of Green Landscap
Authors: Ahmed M. S H. , Hamad A. H. , saleh S. N. , Al-Shaheen M. R.
Published: May 2021

The experiment was conducted in the fields affiliated to the College of Agriculture - University of Anbar from 1/2/2018 until 30/1/2020 with the aim of studying the response of green landscap to the effect of spraying the benzyl adenine and algae extract through a mixture of herbs for hot and cold areas. The factorial experiment was conducted according to the random Complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates, including Benzyl adenine (BA) at a concentration of (0, 5, 10 and 15) mg−1 liter and algae extract (0, 0.5, 1 and 2) ml liter−1. The results showed a significant increase in the concentration of 15 mg−1 liter−1 in (BA) in increasing the plant density and the number of branches, also reducing the number of shear times reached 44.58 dcm plants2, 9.94 branches. Plant−1 and 6.58 shear), as well as an increase in the susceptibility of run over for the three seasons, summer, autumn and winter with a degree of 3.39, 2.97 and 3.09, in respectively. The same concentration recorded a significantly increased in the color and quality (homogeneity) for the green area for the three seasons, grades were (7.75 and 7.66) for the summer season, (6.95 and 6.89) autumn, 7.29 and 7. 37 in the winter, respectively. The spraying of algae extract with the concentration of 2 ml −1 resulted a significant increase in the plant density was 45.16 dcm plants2, the number of cuts was 9.50 shear. The same concentration increased the degree and the quality of color (homogeneity) for the flat green to the three seasons (7.70, 7.75) degree of summer (7.00, 6.93) degree of autumn (7.39, 7.41) degree of winter respectively.
Response Broccoli to Chemical Fertilizers and Zinc Sulfate Spraying on Growth and Yield
Authors: Al-Bayati H.J.M. , Ibraheem A. A.M. A. F. F. R. , Al-Chalabi A. T. M. , Alela W. B.M.
Published: May 2021

Field experiment was conducted in the vegetable field / Department of Horticulture and Land scape / College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul__during 2019-2020 agricultural season to study the effect of two factors. First: Spraying with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 300 mg. L−1 and without spraying (control). Second factor: Four levels of chemical fertilizer N15P15K15 (0, 150, 300 and 450) kg. ha−1 on broccoli plants Hot Bro variety. The experiment conducted in a Split – plot system arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD).Main plots included fertilization levels while sub plots included zinc spraying treatments. The results can be summarized as follows: The zinc spraying and level 450 kg. ha−1 fertilization kg. ha−1 was significantly superior in the plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, circumference and weight of head, number of lateral heads, plant yield and total yield of heads, as compared to control treatment. The interaction between 450 kg. ha−1 of NPK chemical fertilizer and zinc spraying was superior in all above studied traits.
Estimation of DREB Gene Expression in Wheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) Introduced to Anbar Governorate Under Water Stress
Authors: Mansoor M. L. , Al-Issawi M. H. , Mhmood J. N.
Published: May 2021

Wheat crop is known as one of the domesticated crops and the second-largest crop in the world where cultivated in arid and semi-arid environments. A Field experiment was conducted in Hit city/Qnan region, Anbar governorate that located west of Iraq, during the winter season of 2019/2020 in order to estimate gene expression of 24 wheat genotypes under drought conditions. The experiment included two treatments, the first is wheat genotypes and drought treatment (droughted and Irrigated). A split-plot arrangement in Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replications was used in this experiment where drought treatments occupied the main plots while genotypes were put in the subplots. The results showed that the genotypes responded differently to the treatments according to the measured traits most prominent genotype was 43 which recorded a high expression of DREB 1A gene (221.88-fold) followed by genotypes 39, 24, 6, 28, 25, and 20 at drought treatment. Genotype 6 showed superiority in plant height of 94.78 and 93.39 where the mean did not affect by the interaction of both treatments on the trait, also recorded the highest average for NGS trait around 57.48 grain. spike−1, followed by genotypes 43 gave 56.57 grain. spike−1which also was superior in flag leaf area with high average 35.62 cm2. For the dry weight trait, genotype 29 superior and recorded 666.66 g. m−2. While the genotypes (18, and Al-diyar) were superiors in TGW trait with a higher average attained 56.65, and 55.77 g, respectively. The genotypes did not differ significantly in GY although the genotype 3 and 29 recorded higher mean for GY with 7.39 and 7.29ton ha−1.
Evaluating the Performance of the Lines and Their Half Diallel Cross in Maize (Zea mays L.) Under Plant Density
Authors: Hamdi A. A. , Al-rawi O. H.
Published: May 2021

Two field experiments were conducted during spring and autumn season of 2020, which were carried out at the Research Station of the College of Agriculture, Anbar University, in the first season The lines were introduced into the Half Diallel cross-program according to the second method proposed by [24]. the second season the experiment was applied during the autumn season of 2020 in a split-block arrangement according to a randomized completely -block design with three replications. The main block included the plant density, which was expressed through the distance between the holes. While the secondary block occupied the genotypes (lines + crosses). The results of the analysis showed that there were significant differences between densities and genotypes.The cross 3 × 5 was distinguished by giving the least number of days to tasseling. It also gave the highest plant height 188.60 cm, number of rows / heads 15.5, and the highest yield 19.54 tons / hectare. The cross 1× 5 showed the highest leaf area 5925 cm, while the cross 4×5 and 3×4 showed the highest average number of kernels / row 39.33 and 38.97. The cross 1×4 also distinguished with the highest weight of 300 grains. Cultivated plants with a density 62,500 plants / hectare were distinguished by giving them the fewest days to flower, the highest plant height, leaf area, number of rows, number of grains / row and weight of 300 grains. While the yield was low at 14.93 compared to the plants that cultivated at a density of 125,500 plants / hectare, the reason for this is that the increase in the number of plants per unit area was replaced by the decrease in the yield components.
Effect of Soaking with in Acid Solution on Sunflower Helianthus anuus L. Germination and Field Emergence.
Authors: Sfaeean M. A. , Alani M. H. I.
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was conducted in a private field in Anbar Governorate, adjacent to the Euphrates River, for the growing season 2020/2021. In order to study the effect of soaking the seeds of sunflower varieties (Hysun), (Lulio), (Ishaqi 1) and (Sakha), with a solution of ascorbic acid (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg.L−1), on germination some qualities of field emergence . The results showed the significant superiority of soaking in all the studied traits, Where the concentration (150 mg. L−1) achieved the best results in the rates of the studied traits, 79.25% emergence percentage, 72.78% germination energy, 4.75 days to germination, 16.33 cm shoot and 9.35 cm root length .The results also showed the superiority of the (Hysun) cultivar in the characteristic of the final emergence percentage, (90.3%), while the cultivar Ishaqi 1 scored the lowest average for the trait, 43.1%, and the variety Sakha gave the highest rate of germination capacity (66.7%), while the variety gave Lulio recorded the lowest rate (36.7%), The cultivar Lulio gave the lowest average germination time, reached 4 days, while the Lulio cultivar gave the longest average ( 9 days ) . In terms of shoot length, the Hysun variety recorded the highest rate of 16.55 cm., While the Ishqi cultivar recorded the lowest, shoot length (8.93 cm), The variety (Sakha 1) recorded the highest average for the length of the rootstock which was 16.33 cm, while the (Lulio) variety recorded the lowest rates (10.64 cm).
Allelochemicals Analysis of Rumex vesicarius L. and Zygophyllum coccineum L., and Their Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
Authors: Alazzam S. A. , Sharqi M. M. , Almehemdi A. F.
Published: May 2021

Plants samples were gathered from Ramadi, University of Anbar. Extraction processes performed from foliage in labs belonging to Center for Desert Studies using methanolic and aqueous extracts to assess their Allelopathy. Allelopathic bioassay applied with three concentrations 0.5, 1 and 2% On Germination%, Germination Rate, Germination Speed, Average Germination Speed, Response Index, Radicle and Plumule Length of wheat seed. Phytochemicals detection of the R. vesicarius presented highest percentage of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and Glycosides. GC/MS analysis proofed that R. vesicarius and Z. coccineum methanolic extracts contained highest 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid (alkaloid) of 35.98% and 1,2-benzendicarboxyylic acid bis(-methylhexyl) ester (hydrocarbonate chain) of 35.06%, in each species extract, respectively. Methanolic and aqueous extract (%2) of R. vesicarius possessed lowest rate of germination (%13.3), (%50.7), respectively. On the other hand, methanolic and aqueous extract (%2) of Z. coccineum gave lowest germination rate of 30.6 and 81.3%, respectively. so, this extracts of R. vesicarius and Z. coccineum could be used as eco-friendly bioherbicide, and may be integrated into harmful weed control strategies.
The Effect of Humic Acid Addition Stages and Planting Times in Some Components and Yield of Zea mays L.
Authors: Al-Rawi O. Y. A. , Al-Dulaimi O. I. M.
Published: May 2021

A field experiment was carried out for the spring and autumn seasons 2020 in Rawa district, located at longitude: E ° 41.57 Latitude: N ° 34.46 and at a height of 150m above sea level, to study the effect of the stages of adding humic acid and planting times on the growth and yield of Zea mays L., Varieties 5018, the first factor occupied the phases of adding humic acid and the second the planting times. A split-plot design (RCBD) was used with three replications to find out the effect of the humic acid addition stages (S1, S2, S3 and S4). And planting times (D1, D2, D3) in the yield and its components. The results showed significant differences between all study factors and the interaction between them, except for the number of rows and for the spring season only, where the treatment S2 outperformed in the two characteristics of the length of cob: cm and the number of kernels row, as it gave 16.62, 18.44 cob. Cm, 36.22 and 35.23 grains. Row−1and the two seasons respectively, while treatment S4 outperformed in terms of weight of 500 grains and the total, with 119.10 and 162.64 grains. gm and 8.74 Mg.H−1for the spring season, while the treatment surpassed S3 and gave 11.98 Mg.H−1for the autumn season, As for the planting times, the time D1 was distinguished in the characteristics of the number of rows, the number of grains in the row, and the weight of 500 grains, as it gave 16.38 rows. Cob−1and 36.92 grains. Row−1and 120.17 gm, weighing 500 gm for the spring season. The two times D3 and D2 were also higher in She described the weight of 500 grains and the total and gave 173.85 grains of grams for the spring season and 8.57 and 10.98 Mg.H−1for the two seasons, the interaction between study factors had statistically significant differences in the two seasons, where the combinations D1 and S3, D2 and S4, D3 and S3 outperformed as they gave 16.63 rows. Cob−1, 38.23 grains, row−1, 128.03500 grains, gm, 9.47 and 13.43 Mg.H−1, 17.33 cm length of Cob, respectively and for the two seasons.
Estimation of General Combining, and Genetic Parameters in Maize (Zea mays L.) by Using Line x Tester Crosses
Authors: Aldulaimy S. A. M. , Hammadi H. J.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted in the fields of a farmer in the city of Ramadi - Anbar Governorate - Iraq, during the spring and fall seasons of (2020), where the seeds of eight pure lines of maize were planted (NadH26, Zm.69, Sy.52, Inb. 23, Am.63, NadH.52, MGW-16, Zm.6). Then the lines hybridized with each other by the method (Line x Tester) to produce 15 hybrids. Parental seed and individual hybrids planted in the fall season (2020) were compared according to the R.C.B.D with three replications, for the purpose of estimating the effects of combining ability of lines, hybrids, some genetic parameters and Hybridization for studied traits are: Number of days from planting to 50% to Silking, leaf area, dry plant weight, number of rows, number of grains per row, weight of 300 grains and plant yield. The results of the study showed significant differences between parents and their hybrids for all the studied traits, Tester (Zm.69) was superior by showing the highest effect of general combining in the desired direction for most of the traits, while the line (Am.63) showed the highest effect of general combining with the positive direction of most of the studied traits. The hybrid (Zm.69 X Zm.6) gave the highest effect of specific combining ability of the weight 300-grain and the plant yield was 3.65 and 44.15, respectively. The ratio between the variance of general and specific combining ability was less than one for most of the traits, and the dominance variance was large than the additive variance for most of the traits. The heritability broad sense was high for most of the studied traits, while the heritability narrow sense was low for all traits except for the two traits of leaf area and dry weight of the plant, and degree of dominance was large than one for most of the traits, which indicates the control of the genes of super-dominance over the inheritance of these traits. The expected genetic advance is low for all traits. The results also showed that the hybrid ( MGW-16 X Sy.52) gave the highest positive hybrid compared to the best parents for the characteristics of the number of rows in ear, the number of grains per row, and plant yield, which reached (17.78%, 7.18% and 24.24%) respectively. It is concluded from this study the possibility of using some of the superior parents in their to derive individual hybrids with a specific combining ability for the production of high yield as most of their traits were under the influence of genes of superior dominance.
Effect of addition of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and vitamin E on level of cortisol, ADA enzyme and liver enzymes in Awassi ewes
Authors: Asker Audai Sabah , Tawfeeq Ammar A. , Alhamdani Hebat-Alla A. A. , Alhamdani Adel A.
Published: May 2021

The study was conducted to know the effect of different levels of ginger and vitamin E on levels of cortisol, ADA, ALP, GGT, AST, and ALT. Twenty five Awassi ewes were used, aged between 2-5 years and body weight of 37.5 Kg, presented in the animal production farm which belonged to the agricultural college, university of anbar. The experiment was continued for two months. The animals were divided into five groups each group contained five animals. The first group (T1) was not treated and serve as a control. The 2nd (T2), Third (T3), and the 4th (T4) group were treated with ginger 10,15 and 20 gm respectively three times per week while the 5th group treated with 500 mg of vit. E three times per week for each ewe. Blood samples were collected at day 15, 30, 45 and 60 of the experiment. The results showed that there was a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the level of cortisol in the control group during all period (15, 30, 45, 60) of the experiment while T4 and T5 showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the level during all periods of the experiment. The results also showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the ADA enzyme in T4 and T5 during the period of the study, while T2 and T3 showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in the level at day 15 and 30 of the experiment, The control group showed significant decrease (P≤0.05) in ADA level at day 45 and 60 of the experiment, The measurement of ALP enzyme showed a significant increase in T4 and T5 (P≤0.05) during the period of the experiment, while the control group showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in its level during the period of experiment, Enzymes levels of GPT, GOT and GGT showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in control group as compared with other treatment groups. T4 showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) during the periods of the experiment. It was concluded from this study that the use of 20 gm of ginger and 500mg of vit. E plays an important role in increase immunity of the body through improvement of hormone stasis and increase ability to eradicate bacteria and causes of diseases through decrease a catabolism in cellular tissue of the different system of the body.
Impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae enriched with Selenium or Zinc on reproductive performance, estrogen and progesterone hormone in local Iraqi female goats
Authors: Shareef M. A. , Mohammed T. R. , Alrawi H. M.
Published: May 2021

This experiment was accompanied to examine the impact of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplemented with Selenium (se) or Zinc (zn) on the reproductive performance, estrogen and progesterone hormone in local Iraqi female goats. 17 mature does two - two and half years of old were used. The average of body weight (bw) was 37.5 ± 3kg. Animals were randomly divided in to three groups, Five animals were in the first group, six goats were in the second and third groups. All goat does were nursed on the same ration. The group1 was considered as a control group without processing (G1), the group 2 (G2) was administered with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dose (0.03 g/kg/bw), the third group 3 (G3) were administered with (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc with dose (0.2 g/kg/bw). (given orally for 45 days). The results showed that second and third groups were significantly increase (P≤0.05) in fertility and fertilization rate as compared with G1. G3 was significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the Prolificacy rate as compared with G1 and G2. G2 and G3 were significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the pregnancy rate as compared with G1. while G3 was significantly increase (P≤0.05) in the kidding rate as compared with G1 and G2. Estrogen hormone concentration level of the G2 showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) as compared with G1 and G3. While the progesterone hormone concentration level of the G3 showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) as compared with G1 and G2. From the results we concluded that organic form (yeast supplemented with selenium/zinc) could be credited to enhance the reproductive performance, overall health of kids after birth, progesterone levels and animal health.
Papilloma and granulomatous tumors of the oral cavity mucosa of sheep in Mosul area
Authors: Al-Sabaawy H.B. , Al-Sadi H. I.
Published: May 2021

This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of papilloma virus and granulomatous reaction which occur naturally in sheep in Mosul area, Iraq. These lesion were diagnosed in 10 cases out of a total 325(3%) examined cases, papilloma percentage was 1.23% and granulomatous infection percentage was 1.84% .The gross and microscopic features of papilloma showed a red tissue nodule hanging from the inner surface (mucosa) of the lower lip .Microscopically, the mass was formed from multiple papillary protrusions of fibrous connective tissue with marked increase in the number and size of inflammatory cell . The macro and micro examination of granulomatous reaction showed a subcutaneous and neoplastic mass of tissue which were connected to the jaw bone at the level of seventh and eighth cheek teeth and upon opening the skin .A white mass was observed while the microscopic exam showed the presence of a severe fibrous reaction in the form of inflammation and neoplasm granuloma. Finally, this research determined the type of papilloma and granulomatous reaction in local sheep and their prevalence rates, with accurate description of gross and microscopic lesions.
Consequences of new approach in production system of commercial layer (Isa Brown) in Iraqi Kurdistan region
Authors: Al-Sardary S. Y.T. , Mustafa H. A.
Published: May 2021

This was study under taken as a first attempt to investigate the effect of new production system of commercial layer with special emphasis on organic technique. A total 360 one-day-old Isa Brown chicks were obtained from Evan hatchery-Erbil. The birds assigned into 18 indoor pens (2×2 m) for the first 18 weeks . Each pen represented a replicate with 20 chicks. At beginning, birds assigned to the same condition and fed their daily requirements according to Isa Brown guide (2018). The fed as commercial and organic feed. Birds were randomly divided into six treatment groups of three replicates. the treatments were as follows; first treatment (T1): as control birds fed their full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guid (2018), fed commercial feed, reared indoor house, second treatment (T2): birds fed organic feed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers (2018) reared indoor house, third treatment (T3): birds fed 75% of full requirements commercial feed + pasture indoor and outdoor, fourth treatment (T4): birds fed 75% full requirement organic feed + pasture indoor and outdoor, fifth treatment (T5): birds fed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) commercial feed + pasture indoor and outdoor housed, sixth treatment (T6): birds fed full requirements according to Isa Brown layers guide (2018) organic feed + pasture indoor and outdoor housed. At the beginning of week 19, birds had free access to pasture through a hole from indoor to the outdoor except control (T1) and (T2). The outdoor area measured 2 × 10 m (1 m2/bird) for each pen and separated by fence. The outdoor area designed to provide bird a natural behavior and covered with alfalfa(Medicagosativa).The results of this study indicates that commercial strain had higher (P<0.01) haugh unit (73.08),the highest Haugh unit was recorded in T1 72.89.Birds in T2 of commercial strain had higher (P< 0.01) total UFA content 71.42, total n-3 in T4 was 1.80. n-6 was higher in T2 21.48 comparing to the other treatments. Significant differences (p≤ 0.01) for amino acids in commercial eggs found among treatments and T6 content higher percentage of all amino acids. The overall means of profit from only eggs was 197,403 ID and for eggs with hen was 282,208 ID. Significant differences found among treatments for sensory evaluation of commercial eggs. T6 had higher (P<0.01) score of overall acceptances for both commercial eggs.
Effects of Using L-arginine on Production and Physiological Performance of Rabbits
Authors: Ahmed K. D.
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects use L-arginine on production and physiological performance of rabbits. Twelve local male rabbits aged 2-3 months with an average weight of 1 kg ± 0.2 have been used in this experiment that lasted for 60 days and was divided into three groups (each group consists of 4 rabbits) a control group was injected with NaCl solution of 1 ml (Normal Saline) into the animal’s muscle, a second group given the arginine was injected intramuscularly at an amount of 150 µmol / kg and a third group was drenched 150 µmol / kg of the arginine. The results have shown no significant differences in the amount of feed intake among groups. There was an effect of L-arginine injection in improving the final weight of the animals, the second and third group significantly increased in final body weight (P<0.05) compared to the control group, no significant differences between the experimental groups in feed efficiency. The results showed first and second groups were increased in the white blood cell (W.B.C) concentration compared with the third group. No significant differences between the experimental groups in the red blood cell (R.B.C) hemoglobin (Hb), cholesterol, glucose and globulin concentration. The results were significant observed (P <0.05) in the total protein level of the third group compared to the control and second group, significant observed (P <0.05) for the albumin concentration of the control and third groups compared to the second group, and the results showed a significant effect (P <0.05) in the level of testosterone hormone and growth hormone for the second group compared to the control. The results indicated a significant observed (P <0.05) for the level of the testosterone hormone in the third group when compared with the control group with no differences between the three groups in the characteristics of the carcasses, treatment with L-arginine improved the final weight of rabbits as well as an increase in the level testosterone and growth hormone, no effect of the arginine on the blood characteristics and some of the carcass characteristics Except for the differences found in total protein and albumin concentration between experimental groups.
Preparation of Edible Films Made from Chitosan with Pomegranate Peel Extract and Study Its Barrier, Mechanical and Antioxidant Properties
Authors: Abdul-Rahman S. M. , Abass A. F.
Published: May 2021

The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding extract of Pomegranate peels (PPE) on the mechanical, reservation and antioxidant properties of edible chitosan films. The findings showed that the chitosan film, supported by pomegranate peels, possessed distinctive properties, as the thickness, tensile strength, elongation, oxygen permeability, and permeability of water vapor and solubility were 60 µm, 27.6 (Mpa),18.3%,30.13(ml / m2* day), 2.91(g.mm/day.m2KPa), 23.12% respectively, whereas in the control film they were 30 µm, 19.2 (Mpa),10.6%, 60.47(ml / m2* day), 2.30(g.mm/day.m2KPa), 26.50% respectively. Edible films incorporated with Pomegranate peels extract showed an antioxidant activity of 66.42% compared to the standard antioxidant BHA (Butylated hydroxyl anisole) and Ascorbic acid which were 27.44% and 80.54%, respectively.In respect to the optical proprieties the ?E value of control film samples was 8.7%,and (L, a, b) (26.46,40.01, 2.02) respectively, while for the supported Sample ?E was 26.37% (L, a, b) (72.24,1.09,5.30) respectively.
Study on Production Vinegar from Apple
Authors: Hasan A. N. , Antony U. , Bala G.V. , Prabha D.T. , Kavya C. , Malik A. F.
Published: May 2021

The goal of the present study was to ascertain the effect of the addition of certain natural materials such as sugar or Jaggery Syrup, Black Gram, or extracts there of as fortified materials on the consistency of apple vinegar and the types of microorganisms in it. The findings revealed that the addition of whole legume or their extracts during processing enhanced the properties of the resulting vinegar . The findings showed that the better pH was for apple vinegar produced with the inclusion of sugar and protein extract, which had a pH of 3.1. This was accompanied by vinegar resulting from the addition of jaggery with whole legume, where the pH was 3.8, followed by vinegar resulting from the addition of whole legume plus sugar, where the pH was 3.9. Though apple vinegar obtained by adding protein extract with jaggery had a pH of 4.As it was influenced by the acidity of the resultant vinegar due to the content of legumes and sugary compounds, the maximum acidity was 6.5 in the vinegar to which entire legume jaggy was applied. Then vinegar, to which whole legume sugar was added, and vinegar, to which jaggy with protein extract was added, the acidity reached 3. Finally, vinegar made by combining sugar with protein extract, where the acidity reached 2. The best types of vinegar were selected from among the samples (vinegar developed by the addition of protein extract jaggary) and the contents of its microbiology were analysed. The results showed that the vinegar was free of bacteria and yeasts, while its content of moulds was . The four samples of vinegar also showed good antioxidant activity. It was 86.77%, 85.38%, 79.0% and 19.11% in vinegar containing jaggery with extract protein, sugar with extract protein, jaggery with whole legume and sugar with whole legume respectively. The total soled of vinegar were different, 4.8%, 4.5%, 4.0% and 3.0% in vinegar containing jaggery with whole legume, jaggery with extract protein, sugar with whole legume and sugar with extract protein. The colour analysis of the vinegar sample containing the jaggery with extract protein was 75.91, 4.87, 51.4 for the lighter side, red colour and greener side, respectively.
Knowledge of the Importance of Behavioral Management Skills of Agricultural Extension Officials in Iraq and Their Relationship with Some Variables
Authors: Al-Hamadany M. H. , Murad H. S. , Amin S. J.
Published: May 2021

This research chiefly aimed to determine degree of knowledge of the behavioral management skills of agricultural extension officials in Iraq as well as the importance of those skills, and to determine the relationship between knowledge of the behavioral management skills of agricultural instructional officials in Iraq and the studied independent variables. The survey methodology has been used in conducting the research. The questionnaire form has been designed to fulfill the research’s objectives. The required adjustments were been made in April 2019 by a group of experts in this field. Statistical methods such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient were applied. The study was included all agricultural Extension officials (Division and Section Officer) in the Department of Agricultural Extension and Training, agricultural extension officials in Iraqi directorates of agriculture and officials of extension centers (145 official) Whereas, 20 officials have been excluded in order to verify the reliability of the research scale. The most notable results have been 48% of the surveyed extension officials with knowledge of the importance of behavioral management skills ranging from medium to low. The results showed that there is a positive correlation at the probability level 0.01 between the degree of knowledge and each of the independent variables (extension training, the degree of motivation of achievement, and the degree of knowledge in extension communication). There is a positive correlation at the probability level 0.05 between the degree of knowledge and the independent variable of job satisfaction, whereas there is no correlation between degree of knowledge and independent variables (indicative experience, number of years of education, multiple sources of information, and degree of benefit from training). The researchers are recommending to; increase behavioral management skills training for extension workers in order to develop their skills. The extension workers selection should base on the experience, high level of education, high skills in counseling communication, team formation, time management, possess the motivation of achievement and high job satisfaction.
Bibliometric analysis and research progress of Mu Us Sandy Land soil biological crust based on CNKI
Authors: Shi Chendi , Wang Jian , Yang Chenxi
Published: May 2021

Based on CNKI data, this paper analyzes the number of papers, keywords and research content of biological soil crusts in the Mu Us Sandy Land. It was reviewed that the effects of biological soil crust on water infiltration, photosynthesis, respiration and succession characteristics and the influence of the technology of the compound soil of feldspathic sandstone and sand to create land on the development of biological crusts is considered in the Mu Us Sandy Land. The increase in clay content will significantly promote the expansion of sand biological crusts. At the same time, it is recommended to further carry out research on the development and succession characteristics of sand biological crusts after compounding of feldspathic sandstone and sand.
Study on Evaluation Index of Anti-skid Performance of GAC-16 Asphalt Pavement Based on Temperature Correction
Authors: Fan Qian , Xu Xinquan , Chen Chupeng , Liu Feng
Published: May 2021

Based on the study of temperature correction of british pendulum number (BPN) of GAC-16 asphalt mixture, the correlation between sideway force coefficient (SFC), british pendulum number (BPN) and mean texture depth (MTD) is studied. And the international friction index (IFI) calculated by different indexes is compared and analyzed. The result shows that the dry surface temperature is preferred for the temperature correction of the BPN of GAC-16 asphalt mixture. When conditions do not permit, such as rain weather, the temperature correction of the BPN may be considered by using the wet surface temperature. There is a good linear correlation between the SFC and the BPN. In the section where it is not convenient to test the SFC, the BPN can be used for the preliminary determination of the SFC. It is suggested to use the IFI calculated by the “MTD + BPN modified by the dry state surface temperature” to comprehensively evaluate the anti-skid performance.
Research on prediction of cement-soil cohesion based on strength test
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wu Sanmeng , Cao Yupeng , Guo Zhiqing
Published: May 2021

In order to accurately predict the cohesive of cement-soil and better reflect the shear strength of cement-soil, through indoor strength tests and theoretical analysis, the influence of cement mixing ratio on shear strength and unconfined compressive strength is discussed. In the commonly used cement mixing ratio range (5%-30%), prediction formula of cohesive and unconfined compressive strength is proposed. The cohesive prediction model based on cement mixing ratio and age is further established. The results show that the unconfined compressive strength and cohesive strength of cement-soil increase with the increase of cement mixing ratio and curing age. There is a good linear relationship between cohesion and unconfined compressive strength. Based on nonlinear regression analysis, the prediction model of cohesive under the influence of multiple factors fits well with the test results.
Analysis on Attenuation Law of Skid Resistance Performance of Asphalt Pavement with Thin Overlay
Authors: Fan Qian , Chen Chupeng , Liu Feng , Zheng Hongrou
Published: May 2021

In order to study the attenuation law of skid resistance performance of asphalt pavement with thin overlay, the long-term tracking observation of the scrim force coefficient and the analysis of the attenuation change law were carried out on the asphalt pavement with AC-10 and OGFC-10 thin layer overlay. The volume index, water stability and high temperature stability were tested. The results show that, the attenuation law of the scrim force coefficient of OGFC-10 and AC-10 thin overlay asphalt pavement conforms to the Asymptotic model, showing a trend of rapid decrease first and then stability. It is recommended that “the value of stable scrim force coefficient” and “the time to reach the value of stable scrim force coefficient” should be used as the evaluation index of long-term skid resistance performance of asphalt pavement. The stability value is taken as the first evaluation index of asphalt pavement skid resistance performance, and the time to reach the stability value is the second evaluation index. Considering “the initial scrim force coefficient value”, “the stable scrim force coefficient value”, and “the time to reach the stable scrim force coefficient value”, the skid resistance performance of OGFC-10 thin layer overlay asphalt pavement is better than AC-10 thin layer overlay asphalt pavement.
Fracture characteristics and formation mechanism of Gaoliu structural belt in Nanpu depression
Authors: Yang Jingxu , Cong Peng , Hou Lixin
Published: May 2021

The deep fault system of Gaoliu structural belt in Nanpu depression is complex, especially the joint part of Gaobei and Gaoliu faults. Because of its close proximity to large faults and the poor quality of seismic data, the reliability of structural interpretation is low, which has long affected the development of oil fields. In order to verify the deformation process and genetic mechanism of Gaoliu structural belt, this study obtains a new understanding by selecting typical sections of Gaoliu structural belt to carry out structural physical simulation experiments: the normal fault trending NE and tilting NNW is the reverse extensional fault controlled by the Bogezhuang and Xinanzhuang faults, which formed in the early stage (Shahejie stage) of tension; Gaobei fault and Gaoliu fault It is a normal fault formed in the late stage of extension, which is in the same direction with the main boundary faults such as Bogezhuang and Xinanzhuang faults. It cuts the early reverse normal faults and controls the sedimentation of the strata after the Dongying Formation to different degrees.
Summary of Domestic Research on the Linkage of Increase and Decrease of Construction Land
Authors: Qi Li , Siqi Liu
Published: May 2021

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, China has officially entered a period of rapid urbanization. The characteristics of my country’s existing land resources are that there are more people and less land, and the per capita arable land is insufficient. This has made the protection of the red line of 1.8 billion mu of arable land in my country precarious. In the face of this situation, the policy of linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land has emerged. This article summarizes the domestic research and trends on the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land, aiming to provide a basis for further scientific research.
Characteristics of VOCs Emission Components in Typical Solvents Source Industries in Tianjin
Authors: Liu Zhenyu , Cao Ziqing , Zhao Jirui , Fang Yumei , Wei Wei
Published: May 2021

Based on the demand for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions controlled in Tianjin, VOC emissions compositions from four typical solvent use industries (automobile painting, furniture painting, wood-based panel manufacturing, Packaging & Printing) were measured by field sampling and analysis, the influence of different treatment facilities on VOCs composition and the ozone formation potentials (OFP) of species were analysed. The results showed that the major VOCs emissions species were aromatics and oxygenated VOCs. Among all waste gas treatment facilities, the catalytic combustion system could reshape the VOCs profile from different industries, and which made the proportion of ethylene increased from 5.81% to 28.30%. Aromatics had a great influence on OFP. The VOCs species with the largest OFP contribution was m/p-xylene, which contributed 16.36% of the total OFP.
Analysis of Denoising Methods of Underwater Acoustic Pulse Signal Based on Wavelet and Wavelet Packet
Authors: Peng Yan , Chen Kejian , Huang Wei , Xiao Xiu , He Jianfeng , Xiao Ke
Published: May 2021

Underwater acoustic countermeasures include active sonar countermeasures and passive sonar countermeasures. In order to achieve the best operational efficiency of jamming equipment, the generation of jamming signals must adapt to the development trend of underwater acoustic detection technology-nonlinear time-varying and broadband characteristics. Feature extraction is to map the high-dimensional original data to the low-dimensional transformation space through a certain mapping relationship, which can suppress a large amount of redundant information in the data and highlight the category information of the data. One of the applications of wavelet analysis in signal analysis and processing is to remove noise components from signals. In practical engineering applications, sampled signals are inevitably polluted by various noises and interferences. Through the analysis of noise characteristics, it can be seen that the wavelet denoising method is very effective in removing signal noise. In this paper, aiming at the signals with different spectrum distribution, we use various methods to de-noise in order to find the de-noising methods suitable for underwater acoustic pulse signals with different frequency characteristics, and thus find an effective means to detect signals.
Ultra-short-term Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based on VMD-LSTM-RVM Model
Authors: Wang Su , Wei Leifeng , Zeng Liang
Published: May 2021

Aiming at the randomness and obvious fluctuation of photovoltaic power, this paper proposes a method that combines Variational Modal Decomposition (VMD), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM) to achieve ultra-short-term photovoltaic power prediction. Firstly, the VMD decomposition technology is used to decompose the historical photovoltaic power sequence into different modes to reduce the non-stationarity of the data; then an LSTM prediction model is established for each mode, and the modal prediction values are reconstructed to obtain the power prediction value; in order to further improve the prediction accuracy of the model, the error sequence is modeled and predicted by RVM; finally, the prediction power value and the prediction error value are superimposed to obtain the final prediction result. Simulation results show that this method effectively improves the accuracy of photovoltaic power prediction.
Single site anchored BiOBr nanosheets for visible-light-driven CO2 Reduction
Authors: Yibo Feng , Zhiming Sun , Cong Wang
Published: May 2021

Carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is important for enviormental protection, reducing climate warming trends and energy conversion and storage. Photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in visible light is a highly important green route for this target. The variation of active sites on vairous semiconductor have been extensively studied. Exploring new routes for CO2RR is highly desired. Herein, we successfully loaded single tungsten atomic oxide (STAO) on BiOBr substrate. A visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2RR is achieved by STAO/BiOBr, and the stability has been realized. The CO production of STAO/BiOBr was more than one time larger than that of bare BiOBr and CH4 is also realized. The photo-electric performance of STAO/BiOBr is much different with that of bare BiOBr. By investigating the active sites on single site anchored BiOBr base, the single sites of tungsten played as reductive active sites for CO2 to replace Bi atoms on bare BiOBr. This study sheds lights for photocatalytic CO2RR by single atomic sites through single metallic atom oxides.
Preparation of NiFe-LDHs Adsorbent and Its Adsorption to Methyl Orange
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Jiang Chenyong , Wang Ruoxuan , Qian Shuyun , Tang Ye , Zhuang Wenchang , Xu Yan
Published: May 2021

The Ni-Fe-LDHs adsorbent with different molar ratio of Ni/Fe was synthesized with Ni(NO3)2 and Fe(NO3)3 serving as the resource of metal ions and the ammonia water serving as the precipitant. The methyl orange (MO) was chosen to simulate the dye wastewater to study the adsorption ability of different adsorbent to MO. And XRD, FT-IR and BET were employed to characterize the prepared adsorbents. The experimental results show that LDHs with well crystalline structure can be obtained when the mole ratio of Ni/Fe of 2.3~4. The Ni4Fe adsorbent with the Ni/Fe molar ratio of 4 shows the largest adsorbing capacity of 168.4 mg/g to MO. The XRD results of the spent adsorbent show that the LDHs structure was not destroyed. And the BET result of the fresh Ni4Fe adsorbent proves that it is possessed with microstructure with the surface area of 125.325 m2/g.