bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As tecnologias digitais como instrumentos potencializadores no ensino de língua portuguesa para surdos
Authors:   , Gomes-sousa Francisco Ebson
Published: February 2025

Esta dissertação tem como foco a aprendizagem de Língua Portuguesa (LP) por surdos por meio de tecnologias digitais. O objetivo de pesquisa é de analisar de que forma os alunos surdos podem ser auxiliados por meio de tecnologias digitais na produção de textos em LP, levando em consideração o ponto de vista dos discentes sobre tal fenômeno e as possíveis estratégias de ensino que podem ser utilizadas para a produção de textos de LP por surdos utilizando tecnologias digitais. Dessa forma, objetiva especificamente analisar o que os alunos surdos pensam sobre a aprendizagem de LP focalizando na produção textual e; identificar possíveis estratégias de ensino que podem ser utilizadas para a produção textual em LP por alunos surdos fazendo uso de tecnologias digitais. As considerações neste trabalho ampararam-se nas reflexões dentro da Pedagogia dos Multiletramentos propostas pelo Grupo de Nova Londres (1996) e Rojo (2012). A pesquisa realizada teve cunho quantiqualitativo e se apresenta tanto exploratória quanto descritiva, em que se realizou uma oficina pedagógica de ensino de LP e posterior acompanhamento por meio de aplicativos que permitem criação de redes sociais, como foi o caso do Whatsapp. O universo da pesquisa compreendeu uma escola da rede pública de Mossoró – RN, que atende na modalidade específica de atendimento a alunos surdos, e participaram um total de 20 alunos surdos. O corpus se constituiu com as respostas dos questionários sobre a suas perspectivas sobre a LP e as interações no grupo de interação dentro do aplicativo whatsapp. Com resultados, acreditamos que a produção textual em ambientes digitais é uma ferramenta de grande auxílio no processo de aquisição e desenvolvimento de segunda língua, sendo o caso da LP para surdos, uma vez que a maioria dos alunos surdos já tem um acesso constante a esses ambientes, como é o caso dos sites de redes sociais, que podem ser utilizadas para a aprendizagem de LP, levando em consideração a realidade cultural dos alunos surdos e percebendo que os mesmos precisam se tornar usuários críticos dessas ferramentas que podem se transformar em recursos com estratégias de ensino definidas. Percebemos que nas interações no grupo dentro do aplicativo whatsapp se sentiram confortáveis para manifestar suas necessidades e com isso, viu-se possibilidades ainda a serem trilhadas. Sugerimos também, algumas ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas como recursos na aprendizagem da LP por meio da produção textual fazendo-se uso de tecnologias digitais
A INTEGRIDADE DA INFORMAÇÃO SOBRE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS NO G20 BRASIL 2024: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES
Authors: Urbano Krystal
Published: February 2025

O artigo explora os desafios e as oportunidades enfrentados pelo Brasil durante sua presidência no G20 em 2024, dando ênfase na defesa e promoção da integridade da informação sobre mudanças climáticas. Em tempos de crise ambiental e informacional, o Brasil se posiciona na vanguarda da luta contra a desinformação climática, agravada pela ação de figuras influentes e pelo intermédio das plataformas digitais. A presidência do G20 oferece ao Brasil uma oportunidade única de liderar iniciativas que promovam a soberania digital e garantam a integridade informacional, promovendo decisões baseadas em evidências científicas. O artigo conclui que o G20 Brasil 2024 pode estabelecer novos padrões de governança digital e climática, sendo crucial na luta contra o negacionismo e a desinformação.
Palavras-chave: integridade informacional; mudança climática; desinformação; G20 Brasil 2024; soberania digital.
Abstract
This paper analyzes the challenges and opportunities faced by Brazil during its presidency at the G20 in 2024, emphasizing the defense and promotion of information integrity about climate change. In times of environmental and informational crises, Brazil takes a stand on the front line of the fight against climate misinformation, aggravated by the actions of important figures and through the mediation of digital platforms. The G20 presidency offers Brazil a unique opportunity to lead the initiatives that promote digital sovereignty and warrant information integrity, promoting decisions that are based in scientific evidence. This paper concludes that the G20 Brazil 2024 can establish decisions that are based in scientific evidence. The article concludes that the G20 Brazil 2024 can establish new patterns of digital and climatic governance, being crucial for the fight against denialism and misinformation.
Keywords: informational integrity; climatic change; misinformation; G20 Brazil 2024; digital sovereignty.
Resumen
El artículo explora los desafíos y las oportunidades que enfrentó el Brasil durante su presidencia del G20 en 2024, destacando la defensa y promoción de la integridad de la información sobre el cambio climático. En tiempos de crisis ambiental e informativa, el Brasil se posiciona a la vanguardia de la lucha contra la desinformación climática, agravada por la acción de figuras influyentes y por el intermediario de las plataformas digitales. La presidencia del G20 ofrece a Brasil una oportunidad única de liderar iniciativas que promuevan la soberanía digital y garanticen la integridad informativa, promoviendo decisiones basadas en evidencia científica. El artículo concluye que el G20 Brasil 2024 puede establecer nuevas referencias de gobernanza digital y climática, siendo crucial en la lucha contra el negacionismo y la desinformación.
Palabras clave: integridad de la información; cambio climático; desinformación; G20 Brasil 2024; soberanía digital.
Analisis Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas V SD Nahdlatul Ulama Sleman Yogyakarta
Authors: Ratnasari Nor Indah , Sukati Sukati , Badriah Laelatul
Published: February 2025

The problem-based learning model with material on various kinds of businesses and economic activities in Indonesia has students who have not met the KKM, which is 30% so that there are 70% of students who have not been able to meet the KKM with the KKM standard at SD Nahdlatul Ulama is 70, while the thinking skills and problem-solving skills of students in class V are still low because students pay less attention to the teacher during the learning process.  Therefore, it is necessary to improve problem-based learning in learning activities. Learning with a problem-based learning model will require students to learn how to solve a problem in the real world and acquire the necessary knowledge. PBL can improve critical thinking skills, increase initiative in learning or working, foster internal motivation to learn, and can develop interpersonal relationships in group work. This study aims to determine the analysis of problem-based learning models in social studies subjects of Class V students.

The research method used is qualitative description. Sample technique used is purposive sampling. The population and research samples were grade V students with a sample of grade V teachers. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, documentation. Data analysis techniques using descriptive qualitative: data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions.

The results of this study indicate that the analysis of problem-based learning models in social studies subjects of Class V Students of Nadlatul Ulama Elementary School Sleman Yogyakarta is carried out through three stages of analysis, namely the first stage of planning analysis; class V teachers together with the principal and vice curriculum make lesson plans with problem-based learning models, make questions, prepare learning materials, learning models, and learning media in the form of Ball Game media and evaluation questions. Second, the implementation stage; the teacher has carried out or implemented the appropriate problem-based learning steps. Third, the evaluation stage; teachers make written questions in groups and oral questions.

Keyword: Problem-Based Learning Model, Social Studies Subject, Class V
Analisis Implementasi Pembelajaran Diferensiasi pada Kurikulum Merdeka Kelas II di Sekolah Penggerak Kecamatan Jetis
Authors: Kinanthi Eka Wahyu , Apriani An-Nisa , Suryandari Suryandari , Ismanto Ismanto
Published: February 2025

Differentiated learning is student-centered learning and aims to meet students' learning needs. This research aims to determine the implementation, impact, advantages and disadvantages of differentiated learning. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. It can be seen from how Differentiated Learning is implemented in the Merdeka Curriculum at the Driving School, Kec. Jetis, Bantul Regency includes SD Negeri 1 Sumberagung, SD Negeri Jetis, and SD Muhammadiyah Blawong 1. The data sources consist of 3 school principals, 3 class II teachers and class II students totaling 73 students and less than 100, so this population can be used as a research sample. The results of the research show that the implementation of differentiated learning in class II at the Jetis District Driving School has been running optimally. However, there is one driving school that has not been optimal, namely SD Muhammadiyah Blawong 1. The implementation of differentiated learning goes through several stages, namely planning, implementation and evaluation. Differentiated learning planning is carried out by school principals, namely educators, managers and learning supervisors. Teachers carry out differentiated learning by applying differentiated learning components. Learning evaluation is carried out using diagnostic formative and summative assessments. The impact on differentiated learning can be seen and measured using a Likert scale with a percentage result 100 % from numbers 1-4 in the Likert scale categories.The advantages and disadvantages are almost the same as the implementation conditions, where there are two schools that are optimal and there is one driving school that is not yet optimal because of supervision so they have to bring in a supervisor. And it can be calculated using a Likert scale from statements made by researchers and has positive results, namely 97%.
Keyword: Implementation, Impact, Strengths and Weaknesses of Differentiated Learning, Grade II Elementary School, Independent Curriculum, Driving School
Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease Using Retinal Imaging and Urine Dipstick Data: Multimodal Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Bhak Youngmin , Lee Yu Ho , Kim Joonhyung , Lee Kiwon , Lee Daehwan , Jang Eun Chan , Jang Eunjeong , Lee Christopher Seungkyu , Kang Eun Seok , Park Sehee , Han Hyun Wook , Nam Sang Min
Published: February 2025

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent condition with significant global health implications. Early detection and management are critical to prevent disease progression and complications. Deep learning (DL) models using retinal images have emerged as potential noninvasive screening tools for CKD, though their performance may be limited, especially in identifying individuals with proteinuria and in specific subgroups.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the efficacy of integrating retinal images and urine dipstick data into DL models for enhanced CKD diagnosis.

Methods

The 3 models were developed and validated: eGFR-RIDL (estimated glomerular filtration rate–retinal image deep learning), eGFR-UDLR (logistic regression using urine dipstick data), and eGFR-MMDL (multimodal deep learning combining retinal images and urine dipstick data). All models were trained to predict an eGFR<60 mL/min/1.73 m², a key indicator of CKD, calculated using the 2009 CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) equation. This study used a multicenter dataset of participants aged 20‐79 years, including a development set (65,082 people) and an external validation set (58,284 people). Wide Residual Networks were used for DL, and saliency maps were used to visualize model attention. Sensitivity analyses assessed the impact of numerical variables.

Results

eGFR-MMDL outperformed eGFR-RIDL in both the test and external validation sets, with area under the curves of 0.94 versus 0.90 and 0.88 versus 0.77 (P<.001 for both, DeLong test). eGFR-UDLR outperformed eGFR-RIDL and was comparable to eGFR-MMDL, particularly in the external validation. However, in the subgroup analysis, eGFR-MMDL showed improvement across all subgroups, while eGFR-UDLR demonstrated no such gains. This suggested that the enhanced performance of eGFR-MMDL was not due to urine data alone, but rather from the synergistic integration of both retinal images and urine data. The eGFR-MMDL model demonstrated the best performance in individuals younger than 65 years or those with proteinuria. Age and proteinuria were identified as critical factors influencing model performance. Saliency maps indicated that urine data and retinal images provide complementary information, with urine offering insights into retinal abnormalities and retinal images, particularly the arcade vessels, being key for predicting kidney function.

Conclusions

The MMDL model integrating retinal images and urine dipstick data show significant promise for noninvasive CKD screening, outperforming the retinal image–only model. However, routine blood tests are still recommended for individuals aged 65 years and older due to the model’s limited performance in this age group.
Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Components and Precocious Puberty Among School-Aged Children: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhou Xuelian , Zhang Xiaochi , Bai Guannan , Dong Guanping , Li Xinyi , Chen Ruimin , Chen Shaoke , Zheng Rongxiu , Wang Chunlin , Wei Haiyan , Cao Bingyan , Liang Yan , Yao Hui , Su Zhe , Maimaiti Mireguli , Luo Feihong , Li Pin , Zhu Min , Du Hongwei , Yang Yu , Cui Lanwei , Wang Jinling , Yuan Jinna , Liu Zhuang , Wu Wei , Zhao Qi , Fu Junfen
Published: February 2025

Background

The increasing incidence of precocious puberty is a major health challenge for Chinese children, while related risk factors remain less well explored. Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a leading environmental hazard in China. Although certain components of PM2.5 have been reported to be endocrine disruptors for sex hormones, population-based evidence is still lacking on the association between PM2.5 exposure and precocious puberty in China.

Objective

Based on a cross-sectional survey covering 30 cities in 2017 to 2019, this study was designed to explore the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and its 5 major components with precocious puberty in China and to check the potential modifying effects of family-related and personal factors.

Methods

We included 34,105 children aged 6 to 9 years. We collected the 5-year average concentrations of PM2.5 and its 5 major components (sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, and black carbon) in the area (at a spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.1°) where each school was located. We used mixed effect logistic regression to estimate the effect sizes of the total mass of PM2.5 and each of its components on precocious puberty, and we examined the modifying effects of family-related and personal factors using an additional interactive term. A weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model was applied to identify the weights of each component in explaining the effect size of the total mass of PM2.5.

Results

We found that the odds ratio (OR) for precocious puberty per IQR increase in the concentration of total PM2.5 mass was 1.27 (95% CI 0.92-1.75) for the whole population, 2.12 (95% CI 1.27-3.55) for girls, and 0.90 (95% CI 0.62-1.30) for boys. Similarly, the effect sizes of the 5 major components were all substantial for girls but minimal for boys. Results of the WQS analysis showed that organic matter could explain the highest proportion of the effect of PM2.5, with the weight of its contribution being 0.71. Modification effects of family income and dietary habits were only observed in certain population subgroups.

Conclusions

Long-term exposure to total PM2.5 mass was significantly associated with precocious puberty in girls, with organic matter identified as the major effect contributor. The results add evidence on the detrimental effects of PM2.5 on children’s development and growth.
Exploring User Experience and the Therapeutic Relationship of Short-Term Avatar-Based Psychotherapy: Qualitative Pilot Study
Authors: Jang Byeul , Yuh Chisung , Lee Hyeri , Shin Yu-Bin , Lee Heon-Jeong , Kang Eun Kyoung , Heo Jeongyun , Cho Chul-Hyun
Published: February 2025

Background

The rapid advancement of telehealth has led to the emergence of avatar-based psychotherapy (ABP), which combines the benefits of anonymity with nonverbal communication. With the adoption of remote mental health services, understanding the efficacy and user experience of ABP has become increasingly important.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the user experience and therapeutic relationship formation in short-term ABP environments, focusing on psychological effects, user satisfaction, and critical factors for implementation.

Methods

This qualitative study involved 18 adult participants (8 women and 10 men). Participants engaged in two short-term ABP sessions (approximately 50 minutes per session) over 2 weeks, using an ABP metaverse system prototype. Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with both the participants and therapists before and after the ABP sessions. The interviews were conducted via an online platform, with each interview lasting approximately 30 minutes. The key topics included the sense of intimacy, communication effectiveness of avatar expressions, emotions toward one’s avatar, concentration during sessions, and perceived important aspects of the ABP. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

The analysis revealed 3 main themes with 8 subthemes: (1) reduction of psychological barriers through avatar use (subthemes: anonymity, ease of access, self-objectification, and potential for self-disclosure); (2) importance of the avatar–self-connection in therapeutic relationship formation (subthemes: avatar self-relevance and avatar–self-connection fostering intimacy and trust); and (3) importance of nonverbal communication (subthemes: significance of nonverbal expressions and formation of empathy and trust through nonverbal expressions). Participants reported enhanced comfort and self-disclosure owing to the anonymity provided by avatars, while emphasizing the importance of avatar customization and the role of nonverbal cues in facilitating communication and building rapport.

Conclusions

This pilot study provides valuable insights into the short-term ABP user experience and therapeutic relationship formation. Our findings suggest that ABP has the potential to reduce barriers to therapy through anonymity, ease of access, and potential for self-disclosure, while allowing for meaningful nonverbal communication. The avatar–self-connection emerged as a crucial factor in the effectiveness of ABP, highlighting the importance of avatar customization in enhancing user engagement and therapeutic outcomes. Future research and development in ABP should focus on improving avatar customization options, enhancing the fidelity of nonverbal cues, and investigating the long-term effectiveness of ABP compared with traditional face-to-face therapy.
The Role of TikTok on the Education of Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Skin of Color: A Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zadu Arsema K , Young Jordan , Seltzer Janyla A , Byrd Angel S , Frey Cheri
Published: February 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

This study analyzed 50 TikTok videos on “hidradenitis suppurativa in black skin,” revealing that nearly half were patient-created, with limited physician involvement (20% dermatologists, 14% plastic surgeons), minimal commission-based (10%) or sponsored content (4%), and a predominance of patient testimonials on various treatments, highlighting the need for greater physician engagement to address patient needs, HS product safety, and efficacy.
Reimagining Public Health Literacy in Outbreak Settings (Preprint)
Authors: Burkhardt Margaret , Weuve Jennifer , Hong Traci , Sadad Syra , Murray Eleanor
Published: February 2025

UNSTRUCTURED

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, the proliferation and uptake of misinformation and disinformation revealed widespread misunderstanding of health and infectious diseases that hampered effective response to a global pandemic. Viewing this as a challenge of public health literacy—oriented to the interconnectedness of self and community health—we sought guidance from the literature to better define public health literacy in outbreak settings. We attempted to conduct a scoping literature review to identify relevant concepts and gaps in the literature on public health literacy in the context of infectious disease outbreaks. Although literature with this emphasis was sparse, we identified four papers with unique definitions of health and public health literacy that incorporated community themes. We then used these definitions to develop a new framework and definition of public health literacy in outbreaks. Public health literacy in outbreaks (PHLiO) encompasses an individual’s and a community’s ability to obtain, understand, evaluate, and respond to the complexity of rapidly changing public health and scientific information, with the goal of empowering individual and collective agency to make public health decisions that benefit the community and promote comprehensive societal responses. Elements of PHLiO appear to have been useful in successful responses to a range of public health challenges. The proposed PHLiO framework provides a foundation for developing educational materials, measurement tools, and research. The framework also outlines minimum competencies required to effectively avoid mis/disinformation, move from a self/individual-care model of disease prevention to a model of community care, and improve effectiveness at preventing disease during outbreaks.
Using Wearable Sensors to Predict Risk of Heat-Related Injuries for Individuals Wearing Personal Protective Equipment (Preprint)
Authors: Hegarty-Craver Meghan , Womack Donna , Thornburg Jonathan , Boe Timothy , Archer M. John , Calfee Worth
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND

The risk of developing heat-related illness (HRI) increases when personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn, especially in hot and humid environments. While cooling strategies are effective, they must be applied preemptively or delivered promptly, which can be difficult if individuals are working in dangerous environments or wearing contaminated PPE. Wearable sensors can be leveraged to continuously monitor health including heart rate, respiration rate, blood oxygen levels, and physical activity. Metrics can be acquired, and alerts can be generated to inform individuals, colleagues, and/or supervisors of deteriorating health status.

OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the use of wearable sensors for monitoring the real-time health of individuals wearing PPE to mitigate risk of developing an HRI and enable timely intervention.

METHODS

Individuals participating in planned field trainings/exercises were asked to wear Garmin Fenix 6 smartwatches before, during, and after the event to monitor health and recovery. These individuals wore PPE during the training/exercise.

RESULTS

Two pilot studies were conducted using the Garmin Fenix 6 smartwatch to assess wearability, data quality, and data accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS

The Garmin Fenix 6 smartwatch is an appropriate choice for continuously monitoring the health of individuals wearing PPE. The watch is well tolerated for extended wear periods and does not interfere with PPE. Data quality and accuracy is sufficient for monitoring heart rate and predicting core body temperature.

CLINICALTRIAL

The work described in this paper is not part of an ongoing clinical trial. The University of North Carolina Institutional Review Board approved this protocol [22-0817].
Determination of Optimum Conditions for Biodiesel Synthesis from Bulk Palm Oil Using Red Mud-CaO Catalyst
Authors: Nurdianty Sri , Usman Thamrin , Rahmalia Winda
Published: February 2025

The synthesis of biodiesel from bulk palm oil using methanol and a heterogeneous catalyst, red mud-CaO, has been carried out. This research aimed to investigate the effect of the ratio of red mud-CaO, percent catalyst, and reaction time on the conversion of methyl ester. Red mud and CaO catalysts were obtained from calcining red mud and clay bath CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) waste at 200°C and 900 o C for 5 and 4 hours, respectively. Biodiesel synthesis was carried out by adding bulk palm oil:methanol (1:10 v/v) and red mud-CaO heated for 1, 2, and 3 hours at 65 o C. In addition, the reaction was followed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Optimum reaction conditions were obtained at the ratio of red mud-CaO (1:1 w/w), catalyst 5%, and time of 2 hours indicated by the total formation of methyl ester on TLC plate. Meanwhile, red mudCaO (1:1 w/w) catalyst was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to determine the crystal structure and element composition. The analysis was carried out using Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) to determine the functional groups of catalyst. XRD characterization results showed that there were 4 highest peaks, namely 29.29° (CaCO3 ), 33.99° and 17.93° (Ca(OH)2 ), and 11.59° (aluminum silicate mineral). The 4 highest elemental contents were Ca, Fe, Al, and Si. FTIR characterization showed the peak wavenumbers 3641.60 cm -1 (Ca(OH)2 ),1423.47 cm -1 (O-C-O bond of carbonate), 981.77 cm -1 and 986.69 cm -1 (Si-O), 875.68 cm -1 and 713.66 cm -1 (Ca-O), 366.48 cm -1 (Al-O), and 426.27 cm -1 (Fe-O). According to GC-MS analysis, the most formed methyl ester compositions were methyl oleate (47.35%) and methyl palmitate (40.13%).
Ethanolysis Pretreatment of Crude Palm Oil in High Shear Reactor
Authors: Hidrotunnisa Hidrotunnisa , Yanti Rini , Hidayat Chusnul
Published: February 2025

Crude palm oil (CPO) is characterized by high carotenoid content, dissolving in the oil system and causing a difficult extraction process. To overcome this problem, transesterification of CPO with ethanol was performed to improve the carotenoid extractability using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ethanolysis parameters on the carotenoid and fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) content of CPO. FAEE content was quantified by thin-layer chromatography and total carotenoid content (TCC) was determined through a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Reaction time (15-150 min), catalyst concentration (0.65-3.25%), reaction temperature (3070 ℃), and stirring speed (500-2000 rpm) were determined by one factor at a time (OFAT) design. The results showed that ethanolysis time and temperature did not affect TCC along the study range, while ethanolysis time of 45 minutes and temperature of 70 ℃ increased FAEE content. Additionally, catalyst concentration of 1.95% and stirring speed at 2000 rpm increased TCC and FAEE. The best ethanolysis parameters were obtained at 45 minutes, the temperature of 50 ℃, catalyst concentration of 1.3%, and stirring speed of 2000 rpm, yielding FAEE 1358±16 ppm and TCC 99.9±0.2%. This showed that ethanolysis produced high FAEE content and improved carotenoids in the oil system.
CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SECONDARY BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS RESULTING FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTION CAUSED BY ENTEROBACTERALES
Authors: NANDHINI S  , ARUNAVA KALI  , VALENTINA Y  , PRAVIN CHARLES M.V  , JOSHY M EASOW
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common sequelae of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and it requires early detection and appropriate antibiotic therapy. This study analyzed the clinical and microbiological profile of secondary BSI resulting from UTI caused by Enterobacterales.
Methods: In this retrospective study, National Healthcare Safety Network criteria were used to define the cases of UTI and secondary BSI attributed to UTI. Data from medical records and laboratory reports of patients from January to May 2024 were compiled and analyzed.
Results: Among 932 urine samples with significant growth of Enterobacterales, 48 were blood cultures positive. Out of them, 26 patients (11 males and 15 females) met the criteria of BSI secondary to UTI as the same isolates also grew in blood specimens which was taken within the secondary BSI attribution period. Nine patients had catheter-associated symptomatic UTI (CA-SUTI) while 14 were non-CA-SUTI and 3 had asymptomatic bacteriuria. In urine culture, Escherichia coli (n=22, 68.1% multi-drug resistant and 31.8% non-multi-drug resistant [MDR]), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=3, all MDR), and Citrobacter koseri (n=1, non-MDR) strains were isolated. Diabetes, renal calculi, fever, Foley’s catheter, age >60 years, intensive care unit admission, and hospital stay >10 days were more among individuals with MDR infections. Cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, and nitrofurantoin had good outcomes.
Conclusion: Cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, and nitrofurantoin were effective for treating patients with BSI attributed to UTI in our hospital with good outcomes. Hence, these antibiotics might have a critical role as empirical therapy for such, particularly those with underlying health conditions and risk factors for MDR infections.
Product Design and Development Process in the Automotive Industry in North America and Europe
Authors: Tanbour Emad , Greenfield M. C. , Alzuad Hawra
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This paper focuses on North American and European automotive industry practices and tools for the phases
comprising the product design and development processes. It outlines how organizational programs are put together, what role
financial factors play in the development process, and how technology and digitization are changing the landscape. Lastly, a
summary is provided on game-changing trends and how they are impacting the manufacturing and engineering aspects of the
automotive industry.
Building Public Trust in Autonomous Industry Through Machine Learning (Addressing Public Concerns on Safety and Reliability with Advanced Machine Learning)
Authors: Nakimuli Agnes Peruth , Greenfield M. C.
Published: February 2025

Abstract: As autonomous vehicles (AVs) advance toward mainstream adoption, public trust remains a critical barrier to their
widespread acceptance. Despite significant progress in machine learning (ML) technologies that power AVs, concerns about
safety, reliability, and adaptability in unpredictable environments continue to hinder consumer confidence. This study
investigates how advancements in ML can address these trust-related challenges, focusing on enhancing AV performance in
safety, environmental adaptability, and response to unexpected scenarios. A survey was conducted to explore public attitudes
toward AVs, examining trust levels, safety concerns, and willingness to pay for improved features. The results revealed moderate
trust in AVs, with participants identifying malfunctioning technology, unpredictable road scenarios, and poor weather
adaptability as primary concerns. Advanced ML models, such as reinforcement learning and deep neural networks, were
identified as critical tools for addressing these challenges. The findings underscore the potential of ML to bridge the trust gap by
improving AV safety and performance in real-world conditions. By addressing public concerns through technological
innovation, this research provides actionable insights for the automotive industry to align AV development with consumer
expectations, ultimately fostering public trust and accelerating the adoption of autonomous vehicles
Results of Selective Biochemical Screening for Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency and Sequencing of the LIPA Gene in the Risk Group Patients
Authors: Shtykalova S. V. , Egorova A. A. , Glotov O. S. , Kiselev A. V. , Kogan I. Yu.
Published: February 2025

Aim: to study the prevalence of lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (Wolman disease and cholesteryl ester storage disease) among high-risk patients using selective biochemical screening.Material and methods. Samples from 2805 patients are collected as dried blood spots on filter paper test forms. Biochemical study of the lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) enzyme activity was carried out according to Hamilton’s protocol of, using 4-methylumbelliferyl palmitate as a substrate and LAL inhibitor Lalistat-2. Changes in fluorescence in the wells were recorded on Wallac 1420 Multilabel Counter analyzer at absorption wavelength of 355 nm and emission wavelength of 460 nm. Sequencing of the LIPA gene (NM_001127605) was carried out on an Illumina MiSeq device (Illumina, USA) from dried blood spots from patients with reduced LAL enzyme activity to define genetic variations. Results. As a result of biochemical screening for LAL deficiency among patients from high-risk groups, 20 patients with reduced values of LAL enzyme activity were found. For 17 patients, search for mutations in the LIPA gene was carried out using NGS. In 9 patients, pathogenic genetic variants were found that led to decrease in LAL activity and the manifestation of clinical symptoms. In 100 % of detected cases, genetic mutations in the LIPA gene included single nucleotide substitution c.894G>A. Along with this mutation, two previously undescribed mutations (c.35dup and c.176A>G) were discovered in a compound heterozygous state.Conclusions. The variety of clinical symptoms and wide range of ages at which symptoms may begin (in the case of cholesteryl ester storage disease) can lead to errors in diagnosis. The c.894G>A variant is the most common variant worldwide among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of LAL deficiency and was present in all confirmed cases in this study, suggesting that this variant is the predominant mutation in the LIPA gene in Russian population. Pathogenicity status of previously undescribed discovered mutations (c.35dup and c.176A>G) needs to be determined.
Correction of Thrombocytopenia with Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis Before Elective Surgery or Invasive Procedures
Authors: Deeva T. A. , Maevskaya M. V. , Ivashkin V. T.
Published: February 2025

Aim: to review the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia and possible ways of its correction in patients with liver cirrhosis before elective surgical interventions or invasive procedures to optimize clinical practice.Key points. Thrombocytopenia is a common hematological complication of liver cirrhosis, affecting up to 75–86 % of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Thrombocytopenia is associated with increased risks of bleeding and mortality. It complicates the management of patients, especially those who require invasive procedures, many of which carry a risk of bleeding. This risk of bleeding varies with the severity of thrombocytopenia, coagulation status, and type of invasive procedure.Moderate-to-severe thrombocytopenia can interfere with life-saving interventions, such as invasive procedures/surgeries. Delayed care is associated with longer hospital stays and greater medical costs. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (avatrombopag) should be considered for the management of cirrhotic patients with severe thrombocytopenia undergoing elective invasive interventions with a high risk of bleeding.Conclusion. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (avatrombopag) have demonstrated high efficacy and safety and are considered a promising first-line option for the management of severe thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing elective surgical interventions or invasive procedures.
Pædagogiske omsorgskvaliteter
Authors: Brodersen Marianne , Bille Thomas , Andersen Randi
Published: February 2025

Ældreplejen i Danmark har i adskillige år været udfordret af rekrutterings problemer og har samtidig været skydeskive for kritik af manglende menneskelighed og værdighed i tilgangen til samfundets ældre borgere. De politiske bestræbelser på at modernisere ældreomsorgen har medført en stigning i antallet af pædagoger ansat i den kommunale ældrepleje. Artiklen undersøger, hvilken betydning det får, når en ny profession træder ind i omsorgsarbejdet med ældre. Med afsæt i et forskningsprojekt om pædagogers faglighed i mødet med ældreplejen zoomer artiklen ind på, hvordan praksis formes og erfares i dette dilemmafyldte møde. Analyserne trækker på feltarbejde og belyser, hvordan pædagogers omsorgspraksisser i ældreplejen aftegner en række efterspurgte omsorgskvaliteter, som pædagogerne samtidig må kæmpe for at realisere, blandt andet gennem et arbejde på og med tid. Artiklen belyser således muligheder og problemstillinger i forhåbningerne til en ny professionsgruppes bidrag i en ældrepleje, der i årevis har været domineret af NPM. Afslutningsvis stilles spørgsmålet om, hvorvidt pædagoger som relationsprofession kan fungere som den rambuk, ledelserne ønsker at drive ind i ældreplejen, eller om pædagogers indspil snarere kan betragtes som individualiseredekampe for at få fagpersonlige idealer til at lykkes i en sektor, der trænger til fornyede kræfter til at forløse ideen om velfærdsstatens varme hænder og menneskelige ansigt.
En betinget omsorg
Authors: Mølholt Anne-Kirstine
Published: February 2025

Omdrejningspunktet i denne artikel er en skelnen mellem en ubetinget, varig og familiær omsorgsrelation i forhold til en betinget og tidsmæssigt begrænset omsorgsrelation. Det empirisk udgangspunkt er en kvalitativ forløbsundersøgelse foretaget fra 2014 til 2016 blandt tidligere anbragte unge i Danmark, der ved start af dataindsamlingen var 20 til 33 år. Artiklen trækker på forståelsen omkring et omsorgsterræn, hvor oplevelser af omsorg skabes som en vej gennem livet og definerer den fremtidige vej, der kan følges. Analyserne peger på, hvordan erfaringer fra fortiden flettes sammen med oplevelser i voksenlivet og definerer de unges oplevelser af omsorgsrelationer også efter at have forladt anbringelse. Det præsenteres, hvordan de fortæller om fortidens manglende primære omsorg, og hvordan disse oplevelser har betydning for de ofte økonomiske ræssonementer, de bruger i forhold til at vurdere omsorgens investeringer og værdi. I artiklen fremgår det samlet set gennem de fænomenologiske analyser af de unges oplevelser af omsorg, at omsorg forstås i rammerne af at være tidsmæssigt begrænsede og betingede af en form for genydelse.
The state of moose resources in the Russian Federation on the example of the Tver region
Authors:   Federal Center of Hunting Economy Development, Morgunov Nikolai A. , Chugreev Mikhail K. ,   Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Zhigarev Igor A. ,   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Tkacheva Irina S. ,   Federal Center of Hunting Economy Development
Published: February 2025

The main principle of the strategy of the hunting economy development in the
Russian Federation is that the management of hunting resources should be based on the results of
monitoring. A detailed assessment of the state of moose resources – the most valuable hunting species
in the vast territories of the Russian Federation and in a separate region, based on long-term
data through, population analysis, provides information about the past and current state of these
resources, opens up opportunities for forecasting and rational management of their populations.
The present research is devoted to the study of the state of resources of the traditional hunting species – moose (Alces alces L.). The aim of the work is to systematize long-term primary data
and, using them, to perform a population analysis of the state of moose resources in the Russian
Federation and in the Tver region over the past 25 years. Some static and dynamic indicators are
defined: total abundance and population dynamics, population density, absolute and relative rates
of population change, population growth rate, production volumes and dynamics of production
volumes. It was found that the number of moose in the Russian Federation in the period from 1996
to 2020 increased by 83.2 % to 1 149 thous. animals. In the Tver region increased by 56.7 % and
amounted to 29 505 animals in 2021. The obtained materials can assist in the development of ways
to improve the efficiency of monitoring and exploitation of moose resources.
Morphostructure of the liver and pancreas of the American mink (Neogale vison) native to the Eastern Upper Volga region
Authors:   Ivanovo State Agricultural Academy named after D. K. Belyaev, Ponomarev Vsevolod A. , Kletikova Lyudmila V. ,   Ivanovo State Agricultural Academy named after D. K. Belyaev
Published: February 2025

The study of the macro- and microstructure of organs in commercial wild fur-bearing
animals is of scientific and practical interest, and allows identifying useful traits that can be
used in selection work in the industrial breeding of animals. The purpose of this work was study
the macro- and microstructure of the liver and pancreas, as well as to determine their absolute
and relative mass in the American mink (Neogale vison, Schreber, 1777), living in the forests of
the Eastern Upper Volga region. As a result, it has been found that the liver has 6 lobes, while the caudate and mastoid processes are well developed. The hepatic lobules are unremarkable, with an
evident beamed structure, the boundaries between hepatocytes are blurred, the nuclei are located
in the center. In some individuals, the cytoplasm has a net-like structure characteristic of albuminoid
degeneration; clumps of hemosiderin are found in large vessels. The pancreas consists of
six or seven separate lobules, located in the mesoduodenum. From the surface it is covered with a
capsule of dense fibrous formed connective tissue, from which thin trabecules extend. In the lobules
of the gland, acini are compactly located, between which thin connective tissue layers with
small capillaries are revealed, the interlobular ducts are surrounded by loose connective tissue.
The lobules contain medium-sized islets of Langerhans, consisting of an accumulation of small
cells pierced by capillaries. The absolute weight of the liver is 43.0–48.0 g, the relative weight is
3.7–4.0 %; of the pancreas, respectively, 4.3–5.0 g and 0.38–0.43 %. The morphostructure of the
organs of the free-living American mink does not differ significantly from the liver and pancreas of
minks, raised on fur farms. The revealed changes in the liver are due to the specific diet of animals.
Impact of travel sickness on the clinical status and some productive qualities of farm animals
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Fyodorova Anastasiya O. , Kukharenko Natalya S. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Trush Natalya V. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Gavrilov Yuri A. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Gavrilova Galina A. ,   Far Eastern State Agrarian University
Published: February 2025

To prevent travel sickness in livestock breeding, the use of probiotic preparations,
which are safe and biologically pure products, is a new direction. The aim of the study is to find
out the clinical manifestation of transport disease, indicators of weight and safety of imported
ruminant livestock, as well as to calculate the economic damage after their transportation. The
object of research are ruminants imported into farms of the Amur region. It has been revealed that
while travel sickness prevention by probiotic preparation "Intestevit-TM" signs of disturbance of
general condition, metabolism and behavioral activity are shown in cows in 85.0; 35.0 and 15%
of cases, and in small ruminants in 45.4; 25.2 and 55,0% of cases respectively. Reduction of live
weight at application of probiotic preparation to animals is 16.0% less than in the control group.
When analyzing the dynamics of the weight of small ruminants, it has been revealed that more
well-fed animals (41 and more) are more difficult to bear long transportation, the weight of such
animals decreases by 8.8 kg (by 21%), which can be detrimental to them. The total decrease in the
weight of all small horned cattle during transportation during 11 days was 14% (395 kg), which
entailed economic damage from under-receipt of meat products. It was determined that the more
days transportation lasts, the less safety of animals and more intensively manifest signs of transport disease bringing great economic damage to livestock farms.
Analysis of specific indicators of Rostselmash combine harvesters used in the agro-industrial complex of Amur region
Authors:   Far Eastern State Agrarian University, Bumbar Ivan V. , Kuvshinov Alexey A. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean
Published: February 2025

Harvesting is the final stage of cultivation of agricultural crops. The quality of the
harvested grain material and the terms of harvesting, which should be a maximum of 10–12 days,
depend on the condition of the fleet of harvesting machines. However, in the conditions of the Amur
region, soybean harvesting lasts for more than 40 days, which leads to a loss of yield due to the stagnation of soybean plants on the root and its low humidity (11–13%). The solution to this problem
may be to improve the structure of the combine harvester fleet by purchasing new units with high
productivity and a reaper width of at least 9 m, as well as the choice of scientifically sound modes
of adjustment to the operation of harvesting machines in soybean harvesting conditions. Based on
the variety of combines of Rostselmash used in the agro-industrial complex of the Amur region,
the calculation of specific indicators of the ratio of the engine power of the combine to the hopper
capacity and to the width of the reapers from the minimum value (4.1 m) to the maximum (9.0 m) was carried out.
Biological and economic features of introduced large-fruited apple tree varieties in south of Primorsky krai
Authors:   Primorskaya Fruit and Berry Experimental Station (Branch of Federal Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika), Zhivchikov Aleksandr I. , Zhivchikova Raisa I. ,   Primorskaya Fruit and Berry Experimental Station (Branch of Federal Scientific Center of Agricultural Biotechnology of the Far East named after A. K. Chaika)
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of the cultivation of apple varieties with large fruit
size (Malus domestica) in the coastal zone of the south of Primorsky krai. The apple varieties
released in the Russian Far East are semi-wild and have lower yield, poorer taste and quality
compared to cultivars. We studied a number of early and late-maturing introduced apple varieties
with large fruit size in comparison to the best released cultivars. The varieties and cultivars were
evaluated for the following characteristics: yield and resistance to frost, diseases, and unfavorable
climatic conditions. Based on the phenological observations, we selected varieties that were able
to produce up to 10–15 kg of large fruits per tree and belonged to different maturity groups. Varieties Melba, Zelenka rannyaya, Nezhenka, Uelsi, Aprelskoe, and Slava Primorya were considered
the most promising specimens with a fruit weight of 250–300 g. The frequency of fruiting was
noted as well.