bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The «Model» Budget: the Features of Its Formation and Implementation
Authors: Leonov Sergei
Published: March 2020

The paper analyzes the features of the formation of «model» budgets, assesses the consequences of the transition to the distribution of subsidies to the subjects of the Russian Federation from the federal budget on the basis of the calculation of the «model» budget and developed proposals for adequate consideration of the identified problems in the inter-budget policy of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the transition to the «model» budget in the Russian Federation is envisaged through the mechanism of redistribution of the total amount of subsidies to equalize the budget provision with simultaneous refinement of the method of increasing the allocated subsidies to the least affluent regions. The discrepancy between the current budget expenditures and the estimated need for budget allocations was revealed, which can lead to the emergence of unsecured budget expenditures for planned activities in a number of Northern and Far Eastern regions. The necessity for maximum orientation to the individual characteristics of the subjects of the Federation in the calculation of «model» budgets is shown, which is expressed in taking into account the rising cost factors associated with the uneven distribution of the population and the difference in the coefficients of transport accessibility in the subjects of the Russian Federation.
Новейшие тренды виртуализации общества: иллюзии теоретической социологии в эпоху интенсивной сверхсовременности
Authors: Игнатьева Ольга Анатольевна , Плетнев Александр Владиславович
Published: March 2020

Теории, которые объясняют общество в целом, играют роль своеобразной призмы, сквозь которую научное сообщество понимает социальный мир. Они становятся частью научной картины мира и в конце концов влияют на представления каждого индивида об окружающей действительности. Если эти теории будут ошибочными, неадекватными социальной реальности, то это приведет к кризису социальной науки, неэффективности прикладных наук и неспособности людей понять происходящие в обществе перемены. Анализ возникшего в теоретической социологии кризиса мультипарадигмальности , а также происходящих в обществе процессов позволяет утверждать, что господствующие представления об обществе ошибочны, и причиной искажения теории является развитие постмодернизма. Переняв от Бодрийяра концепцию симулякра, социологи увлеклись иллюзорными идеями и упустили подлинную причину социальных изменений – формирование новой экономической формации, неокапитализма . Социологи скрупулёзно описывают следствия неокапиталимза , игнорируя причину. Среди последних постмодернистских теорий, основанных на бодрийяровской идее симуляции реальности, наиболее авангардными являются теории виртуализации. Хотя большая часть этих теорий иллюзорна, некоторые из них содержат в себе долю истины и крайне интересны с теоретической точки зрения. Новейшие тренды виртуализации свидетельствуют о том, что эта теория становится более адекватна социальной реальности.
Юмор как инструмент взаимодействия пользователей сети интернет
Authors: Проект Юлия Львовна
Published: March 2020

Ускоряющиеся темпы технологического развития и последующие изменения в социокультурной среде во многом изменили способы взаимодействия и общения современного человека. Интернет проявляет себя как пространство коллективного творчества, где юмор и позитивные эмоции являются доминирующими стратегиями общения. Вместе с тем, ощущается нехватка эмпирических исследований, направленных на изучение психологических функций юмора в коммуникативном пространстве социальных сетей Интернет. Целью данной работы является изучение связей между характером юмористических сообщений на страницах российских пользователей сети ВКонтакте и их полом, и возрастом. Корпус интерактивных материалов юмористического характера собирался на основе новостных лент пользователей социальной сети. Нами были проанализированы 500 страниц пользователей сети в возрасте от 15 до 30 лет. Результаты исследования показали, что визуальные элементы являются преобладающими чертами юмористических сообщений в социальных сетях. Было выявлено влияние пола и возраста на использование различных форм и тем юмора. Так, письменный текст практически не встречается в юмористических постах подростков. Их юмористические сообщения, в основном, обращены к темам агрессии, семейных проблем и человеческой глупости. Молодые и зрелые пользователи социальных сетей предпочитают публиковать юмористические сообщения, связанные с темами карьеры и социальными проблемами. Женщины-пользователи социальных сетей видят больше возможностей в легких ироничных постах, основные темы которых связаны с отношениями между полами и модой. Мужчины-пользователи социальных сетей предпочитают юмористические сообщения о деньгах, аддикциях и социальных проблемах. Исследование показало, что пользователи социальных сетей используют юмор для выражения своих ключевых потребностей, где юмористические сообщения становятся ключами-подсказками для понимания их личности другими пользователями. В этом плане юмор становится инструментом пользователя социальной сети, указывающим на его состояния; он позволяет наладить общение с незнакомыми людьми и быть на одной волне со значимыми другими.
Universidade Autónoma de Lisboa, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Jurídicas. Portugal. Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências Itabuna, BA, Brasil.
Authors: Ferreira Rafael Freire
Published: March 2020

Este artigo se propõe a analisar o contrato de compra e venda. Para tanto utilizou a referência histórica da comercialização do cacau como forma de ilustrar esta forma de contrato. Esta análise se debruçou na legislação de Portugal e do Brasil, além das referências doutrinárias utilizadas e, principalmente, as raízes principiológicas tão festejadas no direito brasileiro. Percebe-se que a autonomia privada e a força obrigatória dos contratos se apresentam limitados pelos preceitos de ordem pública, pelos bons costumes e pela função social do contrato. Palavras-chave: Contrato. Compra e Venda. Função Social. AbstractThis article proposes to analyze the contract of purchase and sale. For this, historical reference was used  of the commercialization of cocoa in order to illustrate such acontract. This analysis was based on the legislation of Portugal and Brazil, in addition to the doctrinal references used and principally the roots of principles so celebrated in Brazilian law. It is noticed that the private autonomy and the obligatory force of the contracts will be limited by the precepts of public order, by the good customs and by the social function of the contract.  Keywords: Contract. Buy and sell. Social Function. Keywords: Contract. Buy and sell. Social Function.
A Tutela do Animal Doméstico no Âmbito das Constituições Federais Brasileiras de 1824 a 1988
Authors: Marcondes Nilsen Aparecida Vieira
Published: March 2020

Objetiva-se discutir neste breve intróito retrospectivo de revisão de normatizações constitucionais pátrias a tutela do animal doméstico. Esta síntese reflexiva sobre a tutela do animal doméstico brasileiro no âmbito constitucional se apresenta quanto à forma de abordagem do assunto, como qualitativo, no que tange a modalidade investigativa como básico, do ponto de vista de seus objetivos, como descritivo, com relação aos procedimentos técnicos, qualifica-se como documental e bibliográfico. Conclui-se que os delineamentos, os limites, bem como os avanços na conquista da tutela animal e consequentemente do animal doméstico demonstram o quanto o reconhecimento de tal questão é socialmente construído. Além disso, a expansão, a solidificação e o desenvolvimento contínuo também da vida humana e da sociedade implicam necessariamente na preservação e na ampliação de acesso um direito fundamental nominalmente reconhecido pela Constituição Federal de 1988 como direito ao ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado no qual se insere evidentemente a fauna, ou seja, os animais domésticos, domesticados, silvestres e exóticos. Palavras-chave: Animal Doméstico. Tutela. Constituições Federais. Brasil.  AbstractThe objective of this brief retrospective introjective review of constitutional norms is to discuss the protection of domestic animals. This reflexive synthesis about the protection of the Brazilian domestic animal in the constitutional scope presents itself as to the way of approaching the subject, as qualitative, in what refers to the research modality as basic, from the point of view of its objectives, as descriptive, with respect to the procedures technicians, qualifies as documentary and bibliographical. It is concluded that the delineations, the limits, as well as the advances in the conquest of the animal guardianship and consequently of the domestic animal demonstrate how much the recognition of such question is socially constructed. In addition, the expansion, solidification and continuous development of human life and society necessarily imply the preservation and expansion of access to a fundamental right nominally recognized by the Federal Constitution of 1988 as a right to an environmentally balanced environment in which the animal, domesticated, wild and exotic animals. Keywords: Domestic Animals. Guardianship. Federal Constitutions. Brasil.
Improbidade Administrativa: Imprescritibilidade da Ação de Ressarcimento
Authors: Da Silva Ricardo , Silva Rodolfo Mota da
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho tem como escopo central trazer à lustre os aspectos relevantes da improbidade administrativa, perpassando, para tanto, dentro da conceituação basilar da boa conduta na administração pública, bem como analisando os danos causados pela corrupção, passando por fim, à análise dos consectários da conduta proba, ramo tão extenso e rico do direito administrativo, dentre as ramificações da probidade, haverá enfoco especial na imprescritibilidade da ação de ressarcimento, a qual será devidamente apresentado, conceituado, discutido e, por fim, será apresentado como os tribunais superiores vêm entendendo a matéria, para que assim haja um crescimento intelectual e doutrinário acerca do tão complexo e atraente tema. Ter-se-á como legislação basilar a Lei de Improbidade Administrativa Lei no 8.429/1992, tal como entendimentos doutrinários, os quais serão, sempre que cabível, extraídos da Carta Magna de 1988, para então encontrar o ponto de consenso sobre o tema. Palavras-chave: Improbidade Administrativa. Corrupção. Prescritibilidade. Ação de ressarcimento. AbstractThe presente work has as its central goal to bring the light of a relevant aspects of administrative improbity, going through the base conceptuazation of good conduct in public administration, as well as analyzing the damage caused by corruption, and finally to the analysis of the consequences of honest conduct so extensive and rich branch of administrative law, among the branches of probity there will be a special focus on the imprescritibility of the compensation action, which will be duly presented, conceptualized, discussed and, finally, it will be presented how the high Court and Supreme Court have understood the matter, so that there will be an intelectual and doctrinal growth on the complex and attactive subject. As a basic legislation, the Law of Administrative Improbity Law no 8.429/1992 and some doctri-nal understandings will be drawn, where appropriate, from the Constitution of 1988, to find the point of consensus on the subject. Keywords: Administrative Improbity. Corruption. Imprescriptibility. Action for compensation.
Fundamentos do Compliance para Regulação das Ações Empresariais
Authors: Martins Marcos Antonio Madeira de Mattos , Martins Karla Cristina da Costa e Silva de Mattos , Palmisano Angelo , Rosini Alessandro Marco
Published: March 2020

Nas organizações subsiste uma cultura generalizada de que os sócios e os investidores, detentores do Poder Administrativo das organizações, exigem que as empresas obtenham lucro a todo custo, ainda que as decisões infrinjam normas ou violem a prática do bom comportamento humano. A presente pesquisa utilizou método teórico investigativo para interpretar as ações e as decisões do homem, a partir de ritos e de padrões criados por rotinas sociais e organizacionais. O resultado demonstra a necessidade de imposição de um Código de Ética e da execução de Compliance para o controle da gestão de decisões e efetividade da responsabilidade social, estacando condutas corruptivas e evitando resultados maléficos a curto ou longo prazo para a empresa e a sociedade. Palavras-chaves: Compliance. Ética. Regulação. Gestão. Organização. AbstractAt the organizations there is a widespread culture that partners and investors, who have the administrative power of organizations, require companies to make a profit whatsoever , even if the decisions violate standards or violate good human behavior. The present research used investigative theoretical method to interpret the people’s actions and decisions from rites and standards created by social and organizational routines. The result demonstrates the need to impose a Code of Ethics and Compliance enforcement to control the  decisions management and  the  social responsibility effectiveness, stopping the corruptive conduct and avoiding short- or long-term malicious results for the company and society. Keywords: Compliance. Ethics. Regulation. Management. Organization
A Assistência Social e seus Aspectos Perante o Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência e sua Inclusão Social
Authors: Andrade Franciele Maria , Taques Fabiola Cristina Carrero
Published: March 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar a luta de uma sociedade onde todos possam usufruir de oportunidades iguais, destacando-se o grupo das pessoas com deficiência, que trabalham todos os dias para assegurar que seus direitos sejam cumpridos. Quebrando barreiras que as pessoas têm em relação à deficiência, demandando uma atividade disciplinada em busca de circunstâncias políticas e legais, vantajosas à inclusão. Buscou-se por pesquisa bibliográfica, a fim de compreender qual o posicionamento doutrinário e jurisprudencial desta matéria, pois há muitos questionamentos referentes ao assunto, nos quais iremos abordar os impactos dessas pessoas titularizadas de deficientes, que também são detentores de direitos, pois gozam de capacidade legal em igualdade de condições com as demais pessoas em todos os aspectos da vida.  Palavras-chave:  Deficiência. Igualdade. Inclusão Social. AbstractThis study`s main objective is to analyze the fight of a society where every individual may enjoy equal opportunities, highlighting the group of people with disabilities, who work every day to assure its rights are fulfilled. Breaking barriers that people have towards disabilities, demanding a disciplined activity in search of political and legal circumstances, that are advantageous to inclusion. Sought through bibliographic research, to understand what is the doctrinal and jurisprudential position of this subject, for there are many inquiries referring to the topic, where will be approached the impacts of these people labeled as disabled, that are also right holders, because they have legal capacity in equal conditions as other people in all aspects of life. Keywords: Deficiency. Equality. Social Inclusion.
Determining the University’s Position in a Multi-stakeholder Collaborative Network
Authors: Reding Tracie Evans
Published: March 2020

Complex problems are being approached through collaborations that cross sectors including businesses, nonprofits, public institutions, and academia. Social Network Analysis (SNA) methods have been adopted to help manage these large collaborations, and it is useful not only for exploring the network dynamics of the collaboration as a whole, but also for exploring where an individual organization lies within the network. Universities can benefit from understanding their position and ties within a network and utilize that information to strengthen their position within these collaborations while fostering collaborations within the network. This study applied SNA to determine the influential position of an urban university within a multi-stakeholder collaborative network (MSCN). The university in this study holds more formal intra-sector relationships and more informal inter-sector relationships with the organization types in the MSCN. The findings also show that the university does hold a prominent position within the informal network of the MSCN; however, it does not hold a position of prominence within the formal network of the MSCN. Fostering these formal and informal relationships would allow the university to strategically promote beneficial collaborations for the university and the network as a whole.
How Can We Help You?
Authors: Hodge Lynell S , Wilkerson Amanda , Stanislaus Emmanuela
Published: March 2020

Institutional websites are powerful tools that communicate wide range of information. Providing access to higher education requires institutions to consider how services are communicated with a goal of engaging students from diverse populations. This study utilized a conceptual content analysis to review university and college websites to determine how information about support services for first-generation students is electronically communicated. The researchers constructed an evaluative study to assess 14 institutions to formulate a critique and extend the work of Eccles’s expectancy-value theory (1984), which suggests that achievement-related choices are motivated by students’ expectations for success. The results of this study found salient factors to indicate that institutions sought to provide support for first-generation students, but relevant information was not always explicitly conveyed on websites, particularly in ways most likely to engage diverse populations.
Mortalidad materna de pacientes atendidas en la UCI del Hospital Simón Bolívar, Bogotá (Colombia) 2004 - 2006
Authors: Gálvez-Vengoechea María Liliana , Arreaza-Graterol Mortimer , Rodríguez-Ortiz Jorge Augusto
Published: March 2020

Introducción: la paciente obstétrica, críticamente enferma, presenta un grupo de características únicas y de difícil manejo debido a la presencia fetal, las alteraciones en la fisiología materna y las enfermedades específicas del embarazo. La paciente embarazada representa un 10% de las admisiones a la UCI en países en vía de desarrollo.Objetivo: describir la mortalidad materna en una serie de pacientes obstétricas críticamente enfermas admitidas a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), evaluando el espectro de la enfermedad, las condiciones asociadas, las características de la población y las intervenciones realizadas.Metodología: estudio de cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes que ingresaron a la UCI del Hospital Simón Bolívar, centro de nivel III y de formación universitaria.Resultados: seevaluaron46pacientesconpatología obstétrica que ingresaron a la UCI. Los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo representan el 49% de las causas de admisión a la UCI. Además, la mortalidad materna de pacientes admitidas a la UCI fue de 4,3% y está relacionada con aborto séptico. La mortalidad fetal global fue de 34%. Sólo 22% de las pacientes había recibido adecuado control prenatal.Conclusiones: los desórdenes hipertensivos del embarazo son la primera causa de hospitalización en la UCI. La mortalidad materna en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Simón Bolívar se encuentra dentro del rango de parámetros internacionales para pacientes con patología obstétrica que requieren atención en la UCI general.
Efectividad de los tratamientos del hidrosálpinx en pacientes que deben recurrir a técnicas de reproducción asistida
Authors: Saavedra-Saavedra Jaime
Published: March 2020

Introducción: las teorías detrás de los mecanismos que explican los malos resultados de la fertilización in vitro (FIV) en pacientes con hidrosálpinx se han enfocado en la toxicidad del fluido del hidrosálpinx, el daño en la receptividad endometrial y el obstáculo mecánico a la implantación por la posible interfase que puede producir el fluido en la superficie endometrial.Objetivo: evaluar las diferentes opciones de tratamiento que eliminan el fluido del hidrosálpinxantes de realizar una fertilización in vitro (FIV).Metodología: se realizó una selección y evaluación de la literatura relacionada con el tema, obtenida de las bases de datos de MEDLINE y EMBASE de enero de 1997 a septiembre de 2007. Se utilizaron las siguientes palabras clave para la búsqueda: hidrosálpinx, enfermedad tubárica, FIV, ICSI, resultado, tratamiento, cirugía, salpingectomía, salpingostomía, embarazo antes de, embarazo siguiente a y embarazo después de, profilaxis, implantación, tóxico, embrión, cultivo. Todas las palabras clave fueron usadas en combinación con  "hidrosálpinx", y los artículos fueron evaluados con relación a su objetivo, su metodología, tipo de estudio y tipo de revisiones.Resultados: la salpingectomía previa a la fertilización in vitro (FIV) es el único método que ha probado ser efectivo en restaurar las tasas de nacimientos en pacientes con hidrosálpinx. La ligadura proximal de la tuba uterina también puede ser efectiva, de acuerdo con un estudio controlado aleatorizado. Por el contrario, otros tratamientos sugeridos, como el drenaje transvaginal del hidrosálpinx, no ofrecen ningún beneficio. Además, el mecanismo fundamental que explique las bajas tasas de implantación y mal desarrollo embrionario aún no está definido.Conclusión: la salpingectomía laparoscópica pre-FIV se recomienda en pacientes con hidrosálpinx visible al examen ecográfico. Otros tratamientos sugeridos necesitan ser evaluados en estudios controlados aleatorizados.
Artrogriposis múltiple congénita en gemelo monocoriónico biamniótico. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Ruiz-Botero Felipe , Pachajoa Harry , Saldarriaga Wilmar , Isaza Carolina
Published: March 2020

Introducción: la artrogriposis múltiple congénita es un grupo de desórdenes musculoesqueléticos de muy rara aparición, caracterizados por contracturas múltiples articulares, en los que se afectan los músculos de los miembros superiores, inferiores y del dorso. La etiología de esta condición permanece desconocida y muchos agentes causales han sido implicados, particularmente infecciones virales y condiciones restrictivas intrauterinas.Objetivo: aportar a la literatura un caso de artrogriposis múltiple congénita (AMC) en un embarazo gemelar monocoriónico biamniótico, y revisar la etiología y fisiopatogenia de esta malformación congénita.Presentación del caso: en el segundo gemelo de sexo masculino, con un peso de 1345 g, se observó acortamiento de las cuatro extremidades de todos los segmentos, contracturas articulares que llevaban a una desviación marcada de manos y pies hacia la línea media, e imposibilidad de los movimientos activos.Discusión: el presente reporte describe AMC en unodelosgemelosidénticos, lo cual sugiere que esta condición no se presentó por alteraciones cromosómicas o enfermedades hereditarias, sino por uno o varios factores extrínsecos al feto, probablemente de origen mecánico, que pueden comprometer el desarrollo normal de las articulaciones y llevar a la aparición de AMC. En la literatura revisada, éste es el cuarto reporte de características similares.
INOVAÇÃO EM SERVIÇOS PARA MOBILIDADE ATIVA E PROMOÇÃO DA QUALIDADE AMBIENTAL
Authors: Stuchi Silvia , Paulino Sonia
Published: March 2020

Os serviços baseados na integração da mobilidade ativa e do transporte público dependem das condições do ambiente ofertadas para pedestres e ciclistas, que podem ser melhor entendidas a partir da abordagem da inovação em serviços públicos. Deste modo, o artigo tem o objetivo de analisar iniciativas de mobilidade ativa na cidade de São Paulo, considerando experiências de urbanismo tático que buscam distribuir o espaço de forma equitativa, melhorar as condições de mobilidade ativa e, por possivelmente tornar o local mais atrativo para pedestres, ciclistas e para o acesso ao transporte público coletivo, melhorar a qualidade ambiental. Para tanto, foi aplicado o modelo da inovação em serviços baseado em características. Como resultados, verifica-se que a inovação nos serviços prestados pela prefeitura ocorreu no tratamento da infraestrutura viária para pedestres e, em alguns casos, para ciclistas, contemplando ciclovias e também estações de bicicletas compartilhadas localizadas próximo ao transporte público, instalação de paraciclos e estacionamento seguro para as bicicletas no entorno. A mudança nas características do serviço está baseada na aquisição de novas competências e técnicas do prestador do serviço. As iniciativas contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de competências no setor público para utilização de novas metodologias que trazem uma visão sistêmica sobre os usos e dinâmicas locais e aspectos comportamentais dos usuários. Os interesses dos usuários são contemplados a partir de associações da sociedade civil que atuam em mobilidade ativa e destacam-se as competências relacionais e organizacionais, a partir da gestão do relacionamento multiagentes. Nesse sentido, ao analisar as experiências estudadas, verifica-se a necessidade de promover o envolvimento da comunidade para aumentar as chances de aprovação das intervenções pela população. E o caráter experimental do urbanismo tático propicia que as soluções sejam testadas e, se necessário, ajustadas antes de fazê-las de modo permanente. Conclui-se que houve o aprofundamento da capacidade técnica e operacional para implantação das intervenções, no entanto, há ainda grandes potencialidades para a continuação da introdução de inovações para aprimoramento e ganho de escala dos serviços públicos para transporte não motorizado, em consonância com a melhoria da qualidade ambiental do município.
ISO 14000: CONTRIBUIÇÕES PRÁTICAS E PROPOSIÇÃO DE AGENDA DE PESQUISA
Authors: Kolling Camila , Lago Nicole Cecchele
Published: March 2020

A série 14000 compreende um conjunto de normas ambientais, de âmbito internacional, que possibilita a certificação ambiental para organizações que implementam um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA). O estudo teve por objetivo identificar, a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura, as vantagens adquiridas a partir da normatização ISO 14000, assim como os motivadores e barreiras envolvidos no processo de implementação. Como resultados, destaca-se a melhoria da imagem da organização, a minimização de resíduos e poluentes e o cumprimento de padrões e regulamentos ambientais como vantagens, sendo também mapeados como motivadores. Todavia, o alto custo de implementação e manutenção do SGA mostrou-se como a barreira mais mencionada na literatura. Os resultados encontrados possibilitaram a proposição de uma agenda de pesquisa, voltada à orientação aos formuladores de legislação e gestores organizacionais, aproximando a realidade da prática organizacional e a pesquisa acadêmica.
Business and Entrepreneurship in the Context of Innovative Development of Russian Society: the Space of Research Discourse
Authors: Vodenko Konstantin V. , Chernov Kirill A.
Published: March 2020

Business and entrepreneurship occupy an important place in the Russian economy, in fact, determining the prospects for the development of the economic sector, as well as in the social sphere, influencing the promotion of society in the field of innovation. However, at present, the development of business and entrepreneurship in Russia faces a number of barriers of an objective and subjective nature, related to the existing economic relations in society, institutional conditions and the specifics of the business community itself, with its own culture, value bases of activity, and level of professional responsibility. In these circumstances, there is a need for a deep sociological reflection of the features of business and entrepreneurship functioning in the conditions of Russian realities, the factors that determine its problems and prospects for development, as well as the theoretical grounds for studying these social phenomena. An analysis of sociological work in this direction allows us to reveal the specifics of the discursive space in the field of studying business and entrepreneurship in Russia, as well as outlines the prospects for further theoretical and empirical development of this problem.
Regional Governance in the Focus of Sociological Thought
Authors: Meskhi Beburi B.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of regional governance, existing in sociology. The author comes to the conclusion that, in the framework of the study of regional governance in Russia, structural-functional, neoinstitutional, activity approaches possess adequate analytical and explanatory potential, which will allow to highlight the criteria for the formation and functioning of the regional governance model in modern Russian society.
Archaization of the Russian Society in the Focus of Scientific Research Practices and Methodological Parameters of Research
Authors: Sitnikov Aleksey P.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the scientific potential of the study of such an important phenomenon for the modern world as archaization, on the basis of which the author's methodological and conceptual space for the socio-philosophical study of the archaization of Russian society is formed. The concept of the plurality of modernity, and therefore the alternatives to national modernization, is recognized as a conceptual position. In the framework of the proposed concept, archaization, traditionalization and modernization are considered as modes of tradition - a substance of the sociocultural system that ensures reproduction and preservation of the society’s culture. Under the influence of socio-cultural transformation, the tradition can take the form of these processes, depending on the degree of destruction of traditional foundations and bases of society's life and the adequacy of the implemented innovations, their organic socio-cultural roots. Archaization as a modus of tradition, in turn, under the influence of sociocultural transformation, can develop in the format (modus) of rearchaization and neoarchaization as a result of interaction with the processes of traditionalization and modernization. At the intersection of the development trajectories of modernization and traditionalization processes, a modus of development called neotraditionalization is formed. The modes of archaization (neoarchaization and rearchization) affect the development of social processes in different ways, and therefore archaization is not considered as a uniquely regressive process.
„Istotne i całe”? — o postaciach kobiecych w twórczości Cypriana Norwida
Authors: Szyler Bartosz
Published: March 2020

„Significant and complete”? — about Norwid’s female charactersThe following article is an attempt to analyze female characters of Cyprian Norwid’s literary output. As he criticizes the depiction of women in the works of Polish Romantics, Norwid calls for the introduction of important, businesslike and reliable female characters into literature. In his poetry and prose he creates two types of female characters: glorified ideal women and criticized society dolls, who are entangled in the social bonds of Norwid’s times. A woman that is utterly important for the following analysis is Maria, the main character of Pierścień Wielkiej Damy. The article concerns Norwid’s essayistic and epistolary work on femininity and woman’s social position as well.
Zasoby informacyjne Biblioteki Narodowej jako źródła do badań rynku książki elektronicznej w Polsce
Authors: Jabłońska-Stefanowicz Ewa , Herden Elżbieta
Published: March 2020

INFORMATION RESOURCES OF THE NATIONAL LIBRARY AS A SOURCE FOR THE STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC BOOK MARKET IN POLANDThe aim of the article is to present publications and databases based on legal deposit copies sent to the National Library as potential sources for the study of books on electronic media. The authors carry out a critical analysis of, above all, the statistics provided by Ruch Wydawniczy w Liczbach [Polish Publishing in Figures] 2001–2014 as well as inventories making up the national bibliography system, Bibliografia Dokumentów Elektronicznych [Bibliography of Electronic Documents] 2001–2015 and Bibliografia Dokumentów Dźwiękowych [Bibliography of Sound Documents] 2009–2011. The data obtained as a result of the analysis have been confronted with information contained in the basic component of the national bibliography system — Przewodnik Bibliograficzny [Bibliographic Guide]. The analysis has demonstrated that the statistics provided by the National Library’s publications are not useful to the study of the electronic book market owing to the fact that the data overlook the aspect of the medium. The analysis has also shown that the bibliographic information about the current production of e-books and audiobooks is incomplete. Drawing on the results of the analysis, the authors have concluded that the incompleteness of the National Library’s sources stems partly from the methodology used in their compilation and partly from problems with obtaining legal deposit copies from publishers. In addition, other National Library resources — the main catalogue, digital repository or e-ISBN service — do not, in their present form, constitute alternative sources of information about electronic books published in Poland.
Nauka o książce w Polsce w latach 1945–2015. Teoretyczne źródła inspiracji
Authors: Socha Irena
Published: March 2020

BOOK SCIENCE IN POLAND IN 1945–2015. THEORETICAL SOURCES OF INSPIRATIONThe aim of the paper is to paint a retrospective panorama of the theoretical legacy of the post-war Polish book studies. Of key importance to the author is the question of the subject of the discipline and, consequently, its scope. The author discusses directions in book studies and the bibliological process making up, starting in the 1930s and with Jan Muszkowski’s concept, the core tradition and foundation of the theories of book studies: theories built around the paradigm of “life of the book” seeing it as an integrally defi ned process of production, dissemination and consumption; Karol Głombiowski’s functional theory, thanks to which “systemic” and “functional” approaches have become a commonly accepted methodological premise in book studies; concepts formulated by Janusz Dunin, who linked the bibliological tradition of historical, source studies of editorial forms of books with the functional theory and “communication” perspective; theory formulated by Radosław Cybulski, who, in combining the established morphology of the book with a semiotic and communication perspective, adopted “book consumption”, i.e. an integrated system of satisfying the needs of book users, as a functional category to describe the behaviour of participants in the book market; concepts focused on the “social communication situation” as a research category and perspective stemming from a sociological and semiotic reorientation of humanistic thinking. At the end the author discusses trends which in recent years have considerably expanded research perspectives: books in the media space; the “culture of the book” paradigm, which is conducive to an “anthropologisation” of the bibliological process, perceived no longer only institutionally, from the perspective of social communication, but also through relations, interactions and value judgements of people participating in it, which shifts research priorities towards the questions of reading and often also towards “regional” approaches; theory of book art and research into book aesthetics. At the various stages of the development of bibliology and depending on the research perspective, the focus shifted from the book as a cultural artefact and its “life”, i.e. Bibliological process with its institutions, to functions of the book with regard to the public in the process of social and cultural transmission, and, finally, to the public as the creator and user of the culture of the book, the actions of which are “recorded” in bibliological documentation.
Powojenne polskie badania nad historią ruchu wydawniczego w Polsce: dorobek i postulaty badawcze
Authors: Juda Maria
Published: March 2020

POLISH POST-WAR RESEARCH INTO THE HISTORY OF PUBLISHING IN POLAND: ACHIEVEMENTS AND RESEARCH PROPOSALSThe history of publishing in Poland encompasses many issues associated with the emergence and dissemination of printed books. Of fundamental significance to the study of these issues are the records of the publishing output: while we have nearly complete — though requiring further exploration — records of this output for 15th–18th centuries, documented in bibliographies and catalogues, the situation is worse when it comes to the 19th and 20th centuries, until the outbreak of the Second World War. In this respect what we need is not only a continuation, but a radical intensification of bibliographic work. This concerns works published in the Latin, Cyrillic, Hebrew and Greek scripts as well as musical notation. Polish book scholars devoted a lot of attention to the beginnings of printing in Poland; the historiography concerning various typographic workshops located in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is rich, though it still requires further extensive studies. The scholars were also interested in phenomena influencing the content structure of printed publications, like publishing privileges in the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, censorship as well as restrictions imposed by the partitioning powers and later by Poland’s communist authorities, as a result of which Polish publications had to be printed abroad and an independent publishing movement emerged. The scholars’ research interests also focused on books as products of the work of printers and publishers, on the publication of written works. They focused both on the various components of the book title page, printer’s signet, stemmata etc. and on its editorial composition as a whole.The scholars’ undoubted achievements in their studies of the history of publishing in Poland are significant, yet in many areas they need to be continued and expanded an important task is an edition of sources for the study of the history of Polish publishing, and concentrated on the phenomena that stem from developmental tendencies in modern book studies.
Refleksje o wielości perspektyw badawczych w studiach nad dawną książką drukowaną i praktycznych pożytkach z tych badań
Authors: Socha Klaudia
Published: March 2020

REFLEKSJE O WIELOŚCI PERSPEKTYW BADAWCZYCH W STUDIACH NAD DAWNĄ KSIĄŻKĄ DRUKOWANĄ I PRAKTYCZNYCH POŻYTKACH Z TYCH BADAŃNajnowsze tendencje w badaniach nad starymi drukami. Kształt typograficzny książki. Zachodnie i polskie badania nad książką dawną. Perspektywy badań nad dawną książką i ich praktyczne zastosowanie. ON THE METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING OLD PRINTED BOOKSThe article is an attempt to answer the question about the purpose of contemporary bibliological research into old books. In addition to strictly research-related assumptions concerning expansion of knowledge of old cultures and presentation of new perspectives, there are also practical considerations. The knowledge of the rules guiding type casters, typesetters and printers in the past may help modern designers of typefaces and publications in developing their skills. Adaptations, especially digital adaptations, of old typefaces require knowledge of old technologies; effective application of type as a means of expression is facilitated by knowledge of its historical determinants; while awareness of the evolution in book layout makes it possible to better design all elements of books. Linking theoretical knowledge and practice may be inspiring not only for designers using old patterns, but also for scholars who, using the modern language of description and modern terminology, may see old books as designs in the fullness of their function.
Tomasz Ujazdowski 1796–1836 — pedagog, publicysta, wydawca, „starożytnik”, miłośnik książek i zabytków przeszłości, działacz polityczny
Authors: Ptaszyk Marian
Published: March 2020

TOMASZ UJAZDOWSKI 1796–1836 — PEDAGOG, PUBLICYSTA, WYDAWCA, „STAROŻYTNIK”, MIŁOŚNIK KSIĄŻEK I ZABYTKÓW PRZESZŁOŚCI, DZIAŁACZ POLITYCZNYBiografia Ujazdowskiego. Pierwsze publikacje. Redagowanie „Pamiętnika Sandomierskiego”.Publicystyka czasu powstania listopadowego „Tandeciarz”. Redagowanie „Rozmaitości Krakowskich”. Pomnik rycerstwa polskiego z wieku XV. Prywatny księgozbiór Ujazdowskiego i kolekcjonerstwo zabytków przeszłości.TOMASZ UJAZDOWSKI 1796–1836 — A TEACHER, JOURNALIST, PUBLISHER, “ANTIQUARIAN”, LOVER OF BOOKS AND ANTIQUITIES, POLITICAL ACTIVISTTomasz Ujazdowski was born in 1796 in Vilnius. In 1812 he graduated from a school in Węgrów. The need to become financially independent prompted him to join the Piarist Order in Opole Lubelskie, where he took his perpetual vows. After completing his studies in Opole and Warsaw in 1817, he began to work as a teacher in Piarist-run schools. In 1819 he began his efforts to have his vows annulled. Despite the consent of his order’s authorities, we was not released. He started a family. His longest stint as a teacher was in the regional school in Kielce 1822–1826, from where he was transferred to the regional school in Kalisz. In the summer of 1827 he was dismissed and excluded from the teaching profession. In 1828–1830 we worked in the Public Library at the University of Warsaw. During the November Uprising he was active in the Patriotic Society. In 1826 he began to publish short articles in the Warsaw press about Polish monuments he encountered during his travels. He continued writing about them in Pamiętnik Sandomierski, a quarterly he published 1829–1830. He also included there old literary works as well as documents and articles concerning the regions of Podlasie, Sandomierz, Kraków and Kalisz. During the uprising he published a satirical magazine, Tandeciarz, where he fi ercely denounced traitors and those reluctant to fight against the partitioner. He used contemporary and old works, particularly those from the last years of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the uprising he moved to Kraków, where he was most likely involved in illegal patriotic activities. In 1836 he was deported to Trieste, where he died.
O problemie wieloznaczności terminu ‘bibliografia’ kolejny raz — o terminie ‘bibliografoznawstwo’ po raz pierwszy
Authors: Łubocki Jakub Maciej
Published: March 2020

ON THE AMBIGUITY OF THE TERM BIBLIOGRAPHY YET AGAIN — ON THE TERM “BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDIES” FOR THE FIRST TIME Referring to the term “bibliography” and its ambiguity, the author proposes the introduction of a new term, “bibliografoznawstwo” into the Polish terminological system. The proposal is preceded by a description of a similar situation from the 1970s in the Soviet Union, where eventually the Russian term библиографоведение and its equivalents — бібліографознавство in Ukrainian, and бібліяграфазнаўства in Belarusian were fully accepted. Finally, the author challenges the theses concerning the existence of equivalents of the term in other languages on the basis of a lexicographic analysis and data from Google Books Ngram Viewer. In conclusion he argues extensively in favour of the introduction of the new term “bibliografoznawstwo” as well as possible benefits of such a decision.
System prawa w perspektywie jego stosowania
Authors: Mikołajewicz Jarosław
Published: March 2020

THE LEGAL SYSTEM IN PERSPECTIVE OF ITS APPLICATIONThis study is dedicated to the issue of the system of law in the process of application of law. Taking into consideration the modest on the assumption size of the text, only the selected issues — directly connected with the problems in question — were discussed within the text. In particular, the issue of the features characteristics of the system conditioning its efficiency, namely completeness and consistency. Moreover, the issue of the horizontal fragmentation of the system of law treated as a set in the collective sense and exploration of the elements of the system of law treated as one of the sets in the distributive sense. This, consequently, is analysed within the context of adjudicating on determination of specific legal situations of the legal entities.
Systemowość aksjologiczna prawa
Authors: Kordela Marzena
Published: March 2020

AXIOLOGICAL COHERENCE OF LAWLaw, qualified as a system, is characterized as such not only due to formal and content relations but also due to axiological relations. The assumption of legislator’s rationality predetermines that by establishing legal norms the legislator is guided by a cohesive, hierarchical and relatively stable system of values axiological rationality. By introducing a given value into a system of law the legislator makes it a value in legal force with all the consequences, e.g. one that regulations of a inferior legal force may not be in disagreement with it. Legal values themselves constitute a system and this coherence is recreated in narrower areas, as e.g. in branches hence value systems in criminal law or in civil law.
Prawo międzynarodowe a uniwersalność pojęcia systemu
Authors: Stępień Michał
Published: March 2020

INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE CONCEPT OF THE SYSTEMThe key feature of international law is that states are primary subjects of this law. This results in other features of international law like high relevance of customary law, ambiguous meaning of the term “treaty”, considerable role of soft law, uncertainty about the effects of reservations to treaties, and above all, the lack of collision rules when two or more treaties bind partly different parties. This all supports the weaker thesis about systemness of international law. The weaker thesis about systemness of international law is not the answer to all questions that can be put in this respect. This is particularly evident in the case of consistency of international law which is seriously jeopardized by the progressive fragmentation. But the conviction of the systemness of international law has also somewhat different purpose than it seems. Namely, it strengthens the argument that international law is the law in the proper sense of the word. It fulfils therefore, to some extent, a persuasive function. International law confronted with domestic law is a kind of so-called “positive morality” for many lawyers. Therefore, the thesis about systemness of international law is so important. For similar reasons, H. Kelsen so firmly stressed that war is a sanction, what justified the view that international law is the law in the proper sense of the word.
Instrumentalizacja prawa zamówień publicznych w Unii Europejskiej w kontekście kryteriów oceny ofert
Authors: Stawiński Michał
Published: March 2020

THE INSTRUMENTALISATION OF PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LAW IN EUROPEAN UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF TENDER EVALUATION CRITERIAThe article presents the evolution of objectives of public procurement law in the context of tender evaluation criteria. Author divides tender evaluation criteria into two categories: economical and non-economical and presents the evolution of importance of those criteria taking into account the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union.