bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Process Capability Analysis of Prediction Data of ML Algorithms
Authors: Altuntaş Tuğçe , Atalan Abdulkadir
Published: August 2024

This study integrates process capability analysis with Machine Learning (ML) methods to optimize business processes. ML, especially Random Forest (RF) and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithms, has enabled the practical analysis of large data sets by using them together with process capability analysis. This integration enabled real-time monitoring and predictive analytics, enabling the proactive identification of process variations and the making of timely adjustments to maintain or increase process capability. Additionally, ML algorithms have helped optimize process parameters and identify critical factors affecting process performance, allowing for continuous improvement and achieving desired quality standards with greater efficiency. In conclusion, this study provides the basis for the synergy between process capability analysis and ML methods to enable businesses to achieve higher levels of quality control, productivity, and competitiveness in dynamic and complex production environments.
Karakterisasi Geokimia Overburden Tambang Batubara Dengan Metode NAPP Di Area PT. Bukit Asam, Tanjung Enim, Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Rizkie Dania , Ibrahim Eddy , Setiawan Budhi
Published: August 2024

Material timbunan dari overburden dapat menyebabkan pembentukan air asam tambang (AAT), tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk pencegahan pembentukan AAT pada overburden dari tambang batubara, karakterisasi geokimia memberikan informasi batuan yang berpotensi membentuk AAT dengan menggunakan uji statik sehingga diperoleh nilai Net Acid Generation (NAG) dan Net Acid Producing Potency (NAPP), selanjutnya pH NAG dan NAPP diklasifikasikan menjadi Potential Acid-Forming (PAF) dan Non Acid Forming (NAF). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan material overburden dengan litologi claystone memiliki pH NAG 3,73 dan NAPP 55,49 Kg H2SO4/ton dan litologi Carbonaceous Claystone dengan pH NAG 3,45 dan NAPP 49,58 Kg H2SO4/ton, litologi sandstone dengan pH NAG 4,46 dan NAPP 59,69 Kg H2SO4/ton, ketiga jenis batuan ini diklasifikasikan menjadi lapisan PAF karena memiliki pH NAG yang rendah dan NAPP yang tinggi, material overburden dengan litologi siltstone memiliki pH NAG 4,66 dan NAPP -34,71 Kg H2SO4/ton. Batuan ini diklasifikasikan menjadi NAF karena memiliki pH NAG diatas 4,5 dan NAPP yang rendah.
Inovasi K3: Integrasi AI dan IoT untuk Meningkatkan Keselamatan Kerja
Authors: Khatami Fahmi  Putra Muhammad , M Zainul L. , Rusba Komeyni , Nawawi Yusuf , Hardiyono Hardiyono
Published: August 2024

This research explores innovations in occupational safety and health (OSH) through AI and IoT integration. The study aims to examine how combining AI and IoT can enhance safety across industries. Using a qualitative analytical descriptive method with an empirical normative approach, data were gathered from journals, documentation, and literature reviews. Results indicate that AI and IoT can identify hazards early, monitor real-time conditions, and provide early warnings. Applications include IoT sensors for detecting hazardous gases and AI for predicting accidents based on historical data. These systems improve incident response and reduce corrective action time, boosting productivity and efficiency. The study recommends broader adoption of AI and IoT in OSH strategies to enhance safety and health in various sectors
Hubungan Penggunaan Sosial Media Terhadap Kesejahteraan Mental Remaja: Perspektif Siswa Sekolah SMA di Jakarta Barat
Authors: Apriyani Daeli Fanny
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the correlation between social media usage and the mental well-being of teenagers in Senior High Schools (SMA) in West Jakarta. The research is grounded in psychological theories that link social media usage to adolescent mental well-being. The choice of SMA in West Jakarta is to investigate the extent of the impact of social media usage on the well-being of teenagers in that area. The research method involves the use of two quantitative measurement instruments: the Internet Addiction Test to measure smartphone technology usage in the context of social media, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales to measure the level of students' mental well-being. This study employs a quantitative method with nonparametric analysis using SPSS. Data were collected through a questionnaire technique with random sampling. The respondents consist of 150 SMA students in West Jakarta. The research findings show a correlation coefficient of 0.838**, indicating a very strong and positive correlation between social media usage and adolescent mental well-being, as well as a significant relationship between these two variables. These findings suggest that high social media usage has the potential to affect students' mental well-being. The implications of this research provide a deeper understanding of the importance of mental well-being and the impact of excessive social media usage, particularly among school-going adolescents. Furthermore, these findings encourage future education, parenting, and interventions related to the importance of mental health and the consequences of excessive social media usage among teenagers.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Foreign Workers and Construction Development in the Current Era
Authors: Agung Wibowo M. , Agustinus Purna Irawan  , Rahim Awang Abd
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the trends of research on Foreign Workers and Construction Development in the Current Era from 2012 to 2022. This research used qualitative research methodology with a bibliometric analysis approach. The primary data of this research was collected through the Scopus database with identifying articles/journals related to the topics of Foreign Workers and Construction Development. This study also uses VOS Viewer to visualize and analyze the primary data with network and density calculation. The result of this study is Russia became the first country to produce many articles from 2012 to 2022. Furthermore, the Engineering is the highest source of publication. Then, most researchers used quantitative methods with online surveys dominantly in the publications related to the topic. Topics about Construction Development, Construction Industry, and Foreigner Worker have the most frequent occurrences and the highest total link strength in the network. Besides, construction development, construction activities, construction industry, etc., have a big opportunity for conducting in the future in terms of foreign workers and construction development in the current era. This study successfully explained global research trends related to foreign workers and construction development in the current era from 2012 to 2022. However, this study has limitations in terms of data sources because the Scopus database is a closed access resource.
Unraveling the Origins of an Extreme Solar Eruptive Event with Hard X-Ray Imaging Spectroscopy
Authors: Vievering Juliana T. , Vourlidas Angelos , Krucker Säm
Published: August 2024

Hard X-ray (HXR) observations are crucial for understanding the initiation and evolution of solar eruptive events, as they provide a key signature of flare-accelerated electrons and heated plasma. The potential of high-cadence HXR imaging for deciphering the erupting structure, however, has not received adequate attention in an era of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) imaging abundance. An extreme solar eruptive event on 2022 September 5 observed on the solar far side by both Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter provides the opportunity to showcase the power of HXR imaging in the absence of high-cadence EUV imaging. We investigate the evolution of flare energy release through HXR timing, imaging, and spectral analyses using data from the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on board Solar Orbiter. STIX provides the highest cadence imaging of the energy release sites for this far-side event and offers crucial insight into the nature of energy release, timing of flare particle acceleration, and evolution of the acceleration efficiency. We find that this is a two-phase eruptive event, rather than two distinct eruptions, as has been previously suggested. The eruption begins with an initial peak in flare emission on one side of the active region (AR), marking the rise/destabilization of a loop system followed by notable episodes of energy release across the AR and an eruptive phase associated with a very fast coronal mass ejection, type III radio bursts, and solar energetic particles. We demonstrate that high-cadence HXR imaging spectroscopy is indispensable for understanding the formation of powerful, space-weather relevant eruptions.
Solar Rotation and Activity for Cycle 24 from SDO/AIA Observations
Authors: Shokri Zahra , Alipour Nasibe , Safari Hossein
Published: August 2024

Differential rotation plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the Sun. We study the solar rotation and its correlation with solar activity by applying a modified machine learning algorithm to identify and track coronal bright points (CBPs) from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly observations at 193 Å during cycle 24. For more than 321,440 CBPs, the sidereal and meridional velocities are computed. We find the occurring height of CBPs to be about 5627 km above the photosphere. We obtain a rotational map for the corona by tracking CBPs at the formation height of Fe xii (193 Å) emissions. The equatorial rotation (14.°40 to 14.°54 day−1) and latitudinal gradient of rotation (−3.°0 to −2.°64 day−1) show very slightly positive and negative trends with solar activity (sunspots and flares), respectively. For cycle 24, our investigations show that the northern hemisphere has more differential rotation than the southern hemisphere, confirmed by the asymmetry of the midlatitude rotation parameter. The asymmetry (ranked) of the latitudinal gradient of the rotation parameter is concordant with the sunspot numbers for 7 yr within the 9 yr of the cycle; however, for only 3 yr, it is concordant with the flare index. The minimum horizontal Reynolds stress changes from about −2500 m2 s−2 (corresponding to high activity) in 2012 and 2014 to −100 m2 s−2 (corresponding to low activity) in 2019 over 5° to 35° latitudes within cycle 24. We conclude that the negative horizontal Reynolds stress (momentum transfer toward the Sun’s equator) is a helpful indication of solar activity.
Revealing the Production Mechanism of High-energy Neutrinos from NGC 1068
Authors: Das Abhishek , Zhang B. Theodore , Murase Kohta
Published: August 2024

The detection of high-energy neutrino signals from the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 provides us with an opportunity to study nonthermal processes near the center of supermassive black holes. Using the IceCube and latest Fermi-LAT data, we present general multimessenger constraints on the energetics of cosmic rays and the size of neutrino emission regions. In the photohadronic scenario, the required cosmic-ray luminosity should be larger than ∼1%−10% of the Eddington luminosity and the emission radius should be ≲15R
S in low-β plasma and ≲3R
S in high-β plasma. The leptonic scenario overshoots the NuSTAR or Fermi-LAT data for any emission radii we consider, and the required gamma-ray luminosity is much larger than the Eddington luminosity. The beta-decay scenario also violates not only the energetics requirement but also gamma-ray constraints, especially when the Bethe–Heitler and photomeson production processes are consistently considered. Our results rule out the leptonic and beta-decay scenarios in a nearly model-independent manner and support hadronic mechanisms in magnetically powered coronae if NGC 1068 is a source of high-energy neutrinos.
Timing and Scintillation Studies of Pulsars in Globular Cluster M3 (NGC 5272) with FAST
Authors: Li Baoda , Zhang Li-yun , Yao Jumei , Yin Dejiang , Eatough Ralph P. , Li Minghui , Li Yifeng , Lian Yujie , Pan Yu , Dai Yinfeng , Li Yaowei , Zhang Xingnan , Su Tianhao , Wu Yuxiao , Liu Tong , Liu Kuo , Wang Lin , Qian Lei , Pan Zhichen
Published: August 2024

We present the phase-connected timing solutions of all five pulsars in globular cluster M3 (NGC 5272), namely PSRs M3A to F (PSRs J1342+2822A to F), with the exception of PSR M3C, from FAST archival data. In these timing solutions, those of PSRs M3E and F are obtained for the first time. We find that PSRs M3E and F have low-mass companions and are in circular orbits with periods of 7.1 and 3.0 days, respectively. For PSR M3C, we have not detected its signal in all 41 observations. We found no X-ray counterparts for these pulsars in archival Chandra images in the band of 0.2–20 keV. From the autocorrelation function analysis of M3A and M3B’s dynamic spectra, the scintillation timescale ranges from 7.0 ± 0.3 to 60.0 ± 0.6 minutes, and the scintillation bandwidth ranges from 4.6 ± 0.2 to 57.1 ± 1.1 MHz. The measured scintillation bandwidths from the dynamic spectra indicate strong scintillation, and the scattering medium is anisotropic. From the secondary spectra, we captured a scintillation arc only for PSR M3B with a curvature of 649 ± 23 m−1 mHz−2.
The K

s
-band Luminosity Function of the Rich Cluster VC04 in the Vela Supercluster
Authors: Hatamkhani N. , Kraan-Korteweg R. C. , Blyth S. L. , Skelton R. E.
Published: August 2024

To learn more about the properties of the Vela Supercluster (VSCL), located behind the Milky Way at cz ∼ 18,000 km s−1, we determine the K

s
-band luminosity function (LF) of VC04, the richest known galaxy cluster in the VSCL, and two other VSCL clusters (VC02 and VC08). The galaxy sample is based on NIR observations that are complete to an extinction-corrected absolute magnitude of

M
Ks
o

<
−
21

.ͫ

5

(∼2.ͫ5 below

M

K

*

), within the clustercentric radius of r

c
< 1.5 Mpc (∼70% of the Abell radius). For VC04, we obtained 90 new spectroscopic redshifts of galaxies, observed with the 11 m Southern African Large Telescope. We found the Schechter parameters of the VC04 LF to be M* = −24.ͫ41 ± 0.44, α = −1.10 ± 0.20, and ϕ* = 8.84 ± 0.20. Both the redshift data and the LF confirm VC04 to be a rich but not yet fully relaxed cluster. We independently determined the LF of VC04 on membership defined by the red-sequence method and demonstrated that this method can be used in the absence of high spectroscopic coverage over a cluster. This allowed us to determine the LFs of VC02 and VC08. We also derived the LFs of the Coma, Norma, and Virgo clusters to similar depth and extent as the VSCL clusters. We found that the Schechter parameters of VC04 are within 1σ uncertainties of these local clusters, as well as VC02 and VC08. We do not find significant differences between the LFs in the different cluster environments probed in this work down to

M
K
*

+
2

.ͫ

5

.
Lyα Emission Line Profiles of Extreme [O iii]- emitting Galaxies at z ≳ 2: Implications for Lyα Visibility in the Reionization Era
Authors: Tang Mengtao , Stark Daniel P. , Ellis Richard S. , Topping Michael W. , Mason Charlotte , Li Zhihui , Plat Adèle
Published: August 2024

JWST observations have recently begun delivering the first samples of Lyα velocity profile measurements at z > 6, opening a new window into the reionization process. Interpretation of z ≳ 6 line profiles is currently stunted by limitations in our knowledge of the intrinsic Lyα profile (before encountering the intergalactic medium (IGM)) of the galaxies that are common at z ≳ 6. To overcome this shortcoming, we have obtained resolved (R ∼ 3900) Lyα spectroscopy of 42 galaxies at z = 2.1–3.4 with similar properties as are seen at z > 6. We quantify a variety of Lyα profile statistics as a function of [O iii]+Hβ equivalent width (EW). Our spectra reveal a new population of z ≃ 2–3 galaxies with large [O iii]+Hβ EWs (>1200 Å) and a large fraction of Lyα flux emerging near the systemic redshift (peak velocity ≃0 km s−1). These spectra indicate that low-density neutral hydrogen channels are able to form in a subset of low-mass galaxies (≲1 × 108
M
⊙) that experience a burst of star formation (sSFR > 100 Gyr−1). Other extreme [O iii] emitters show weaker Lyα that is shifted to higher velocities (≃240 km s−1) with little emission near the line center. We investigate the impact the IGM is likely to have on these intrinsic line profiles in the reionization era, finding that the centrally peaked Lyα emitters should be strongly attenuated at z ≳ 5. We show that these line profiles are particularly sensitive to the impact of resonant scattering from infalling IGM and can be strongly attenuated even when the IGM is highly ionized at z ≃ 5. We compare these expectations against a new database of z ≳ 6.5 galaxies with robust velocity profiles measured with JWST/NIRSpec.
GRMHD Simulations of Accretion Structures with Different Angular Momentum Profiles
Authors: Bardiev Dilshodbek , Wang Yuhuan , Kološ Martin , Ahmedov Bobomurat
Published: August 2024

In this article, we explore the dynamics of accretion structures encircling spherically symmetric black holes, comparing three accretion disk models with distinct angular momentum profiles: (i) the geometrically thin Keplerian disk, (ii) the Fishbone–Moncrief torus; and (iii) the Polish Doughnut. Employing general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations with the High Accuracy Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics code, we investigate these three models, considering the magnetic field’s influence on the accretion disk angular momentum redistribution. We show that the magnetic field is a key factor in accretion disk structures, especially in regions with lower mass density. Our investigation verifies the well-established fact that the presence of a magnetic field significantly influences the accretion rate and its temporal variability.
Optically Thick Jet Base and Explanation of Edge Brightening in Active Galactic Nucleus Jets
Authors: Vyas Mukesh Kumar , Pe’er Asaf
Published: August 2024

The jet cores in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are resolved and found to harbor an edge-brightened structure where the jet base appears extended at the sides compared to its propagation axis. This peculiar phenomenon invites various explanations. We show that the photosphere of an optically thick jet base in AGNs is observed edge brightened if the jet Lorentz factor harbors an angular dependence. The jet assumes a higher Lorentz factor along the jet axis and decreases following a power law along its polar angle. For an observer near the jet axis, the jet has a lower optical depth along its propagation axis compared to off-axis regions. Higher optical depth at the outer region makes the jet photosphere appear to extend to larger radii compared to a deeper photosphere along its propagation axis. We tackle the problem both analytically and numerically, confirming the edge brightening through Monte Carlo simulations. Other than the edge brightening, the outcomes are significant as they provide a unique tool to determine the jet structure and associated parameters by their resolved observed cores. The study paves the way to explore the spectral properties of optically thick cores with structured Lorentz factors in the future.
Investigation of Phase Shift and Travel Time of Acoustic Waves in the Lower Solar Atmosphere Using Multiheight Velocities
Authors: Kumar Hirdesh , Kumar Brajesh , Mathew Shibu K. , Bayanna A. Raja , Rajaguru S. P.
Published: August 2024

We report and discuss the phase shift and phase travel time of low-frequency (ν < 5.0 mHz) acoustic waves estimated within the photosphere and photosphere–chromosphere interface regions, utilizing multiheight velocities in the quiet Sun. The bisector method has been employed to estimate seven height velocities in the photosphere within the Fe i 6173 Å line scan, while nine height velocities are estimated from the chromospheric Ca ii 8542 Å line scan observations obtained from the narrowband imager instrument installed on the Multi-Application Solar Telescope operational at the Udaipur Solar Observatory, India. Utilizing a fast Fourier transform at each pixel over the full field of view, phase shift and coherence have been estimated. The frequency and height-dependent phase shift integrated over the regions having an absolute line-of-sight magnetic field of less than 10 G indicates the nonevanescent nature of low-frequency acoustic waves within the photosphere and photosphere–chromosphere interface regions. Phase travel time estimated within the photosphere shows nonzero values, aligning with previous simulations and observations. Further, we report that the nonevanescent nature persists beyond the photosphere, encompassing the photospheric–chromospheric height range. We discuss possible factors contributing to the nonevanescent nature of low-frequency acoustic waves. Additionally, our observations reveal a downward propagation of high-frequency acoustic waves indicating refraction from higher layers in the solar atmosphere. This study contributes valuable insights into the understanding of the complex dynamics of acoustic waves within different lower solar atmospheric layers, shedding light on the nonevanescent nature and downward propagation of the acoustic waves.
Transverse Oscillations and Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability in Curved Arcade Loops with Siphon Flows
Authors: Lopin Igor
Published: August 2024

The effect of plasma flow in curved arcade loops on transverse waves and oscillations is examined analytically. The model under study is a semicircular magnetic slab with finite transverse extensions and a mass flow inside, in the zero-β plasma approximation. It is found that in the quasi-perpendicular propagation limit, the model supports two fast surface modes: one with higher (FSW+) and another with lower (FSW−) frequency. For a weak flow, the frequency of the FSW+ (FSW−) increases (decreases) as the flow speed grows in both propagating and quasi-standing wave regimes. We show that the FSW+ and FSW− are subjected to the Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability, and the threshold flow is greater (less than) the internal Alfvén speed for the FSW+ (FSW−). The presence of plasma flow results in modifying the period ratio P
1/2P
2 of the fundamental harmonic to the first overtone with P
1/2P
2 less (more) than 1 for the FSW+ (FSW−), and this effect degenerates in the straight waveguide limit. The sub-Alfvénic flow can prohibit resonant absorption of kink modes when the frequencies of the FSW+ and FSW− become out of the Alfvén continuum. It is also shown that in the static case and for a weak flow case, the FSW+ (FSW−) is interpreted as a vertically (horizontally) polarized kink mode, while for moderate flow, both modes have oblique polarization. We apply the developed theory to interpret the observational cases of kink oscillations in coronal loops with signatures of a siphon flow and the onset of KH instability induced by the blowout jet along a loop-shaped magnetic structure.
Lyα Imaging around the Hyperluminous Dust-obscured Quasar W2246–0526 at z = 4.6
Authors: Luo 罗 Yibin 毅彬 , Fan 范 Lulu 璐璐 , Liang 梁 Yongming 永明 , Hu 胡 Weida 维达 , Wang 王 Junxian 俊贤 , Zheng 郑 Zhen-ya 振亚 , Lin 林 Zheyu 哲宇 , Tao 陶 Bojun 柏钧 , Lin 林 Zesen 泽森 , Cai Minxuan , Huang 黄 Mengqiu 梦秋 , Wan 宛 Zhen 振 , Tang 唐 Yongling 永灵
Published: August 2024

Hot dust-obscured galaxies (hot DOGs) are a population of hyperluminous, heavily obscured quasars discovered by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer all-sky survey at high redshift. Observations suggested the growth of these galaxies may be driven by mergers. Previous environmental studies have statistically shown hot DOGs may reside in dense regions. Here we use the Very Large Telescope narrowband and broadband imaging to search for Lyα emitters (LAEs) in the

6.
′
8
×
6.
′
8

field of the hot DOG W2246−0526 at z = 4.6. W2246−0526 is the most distant hot DOG. We find that there is an overdensity of LAEs in the W2246−0526 field compared with the blank fields. This is direct evidence that this most distant hot DOG is in an overdense environment on the Mpc scale, and the result relates to the merger origin of hot DOGs.
Echoes of the pandemic: Contrasting COVID-19 outbreaks in northern Peru
Authors: Pereira-Victorio César Johan , Failoc-Rojas Virgilio E. , Alvarez-Risco Aldo , Morocho-Alburqueque Noelia , Plasencia-Dueñas Rubi , Torres-Mera Alicia , Vera-Ponce Víctor J. , Del-Aguila-Arcentales Shyla , Yáñez Jaime A. , Valladares-Garrido Mario J.
Published: August 2024

Peru reported the second-highest COVID-19 cases in Latin America, after Brazil. The first COVID-19 wave occurred between March–December 2020, and the second occurred between January–September 2021. The differences between these waves remain largely unknown, and there is no comparison between them in Peru. We evaluated the variation in the clinical and epidemiological components of COVID-19-affected patients in both waves in northern Peru by a retrospective study using the clinical follow-up database of Lambayeque and the epidemiological notification form database of NotiWeb. The COVID-19-associated factors during the two waves were determined using simple and multiple regression analysis, and the prevalence ratio (PR) was estimated. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was an increase in cough symptoms in 12.1%, odynophagia in 5.0%, and chills in 16.0% compared with the first wave. The second wave was marked by a higher proportion of affected adolescents and children and a greater percentage of respiratory symptoms than the first wave.
How the youngsters teach the “old timers”: Terminology of turbinals in adult primates inferred from ontogenetic stages
Authors: Wagner Franziska , DeLeon Valerie Burke , Bonar Christopher J. , Smith Timothy D.
Published: August 2024

Abstract

Comparative studies rely on the identification of homologous traits, which is challenging especially when adult stages alone are available. Inferring homology from developmental series represents the most reliable approach to recognize similar phenotypes. The primate nasal cavity exhibits a plastic morphology (shape) and topology (structure) which challenge the terminology of turbinals. Turbinal development largely corresponds to the therian template: turbinals emerge from the cartilaginous nasal capsule, ossify endochondrally, and increase their size through appositional bone growth. We studied histological serial sections and µCT data of eleven primate species in six genera representing four to five age stages (fetal to adult), and the neonate and adult stage of another primate species. We reconstructed cartilaginous precursors and followed their growth patterns until adulthood to inform the identification of structures. The developmental stages were transformed to character states for better comparison across the sample. Strepsirrhines conserved the plesiomorphic condition, with turbinal morphology similar to other placentals. In contrast, haplorhines showed a reduced turbinal number. Most strikingly, some cartilaginous turbinals are absent in the ossified nasal cavity (Saguinus); others seem to emerge as appositional bone without a cartilaginous precursor (Aotus, Pithecia). Our observation that successive developmental sequences differ from the established placental template emphasizes the significance of ontogenetic series for comparative anatomy. Structures which exhibit analogous growth patterns might be falsely considered as being homologous in adults, resulting in biased phenotypic data that strongly affects comparative analyses (e.g., phylogenetic reconstructions).
Teaching Disaster Nursing Competencies: Strategies to Succeed
Authors: Langan Joanne C. , Moore Karen S.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Disaster education for nurses at all levels is imperative to improve the ability for communities to be prepared to respond and recover from disasters and public health emergencies. A variety of educational strategies are available to deliver this vital content.

Method:

A variety of strategies to deliver necessary disaster nursing education are discussed. The development of online disaster response modules for nurses at all levels from nursing student through advanced practice, delivered via a learning management system is described along with standard approaches to disaster content delivery.

Results:

All methods of teaching disaster nursing competencies are valued.

Conclusion:

Through the effective online approach, nurses can receive disaster management training at the time and location that is most comfortable and convenient for them, thus increasing the potential to train more nurses in this important content area.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(X):XXX–XXX.]
The fractional soliton solutions: shaping future finances with innovative wave profiles in option pricing system
Authors: Rehman Hamood Ur , Wong Patricia J. Y. , Aljohani A. F. , Iqbal Ifrah , Saleem Muhammad Shoaib
Published: August 2024

Financial engineering problems hold considerable significance in the academic realm, where there remains a continued demand for efficient methods to scrutinize and analyze these models. Within this investigation, we delved into a fractional nonlinear coupled system for option pricing and volatility. The model we examined can be conceptualized as a fractional nonlinear coupled wave alternative to the governing system of Black-Scholes option pricing. This introduced a leveraging effect, wherein stock volatility aligns with stock returns. To generate novel solitonic wave structures in the system, the present article introduced a generalized Ricatti mapping method and new Kudryashov method. Graphical representations, both in 3D and 2D formats, were employed to elucidate the system's response to pulse propagation. These visualizations enabled the anticipation of appropriate parameter values that align with the observed data. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of solutions was presented for different fractional order values. Additionally, the article showcases the comparison of wave profiles through 2D graphs. The results of this investigation suggested that the proposed method served as a highly reliable and flexible alternative for problem-solving, preserving the physical attributes inherent in realistic processes. To sum up, the main objective of our work was to conceptualize a fractional nonlinear coupled wave system as an alternative to the Black-Scholes option pricing model and investigate its implications on stock volatility and returns. Additionally, we aimed to apply and analyze methods for generating solitonic wave structures and compare their solutions for different fractional order values.
Silting objects and recollements of extriangulated categories
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Wang Shance
Published: August 2024

In this paper, let $ (\mathscr{A}, \mathscr{C}, \mathscr{B}) $ be a recollement of extriangulated categories. We construct a silting object and a tilting object from the two end terms of a recollement. We also show that the reverse direction holds under natural assumptions. Moreover, we show that our gluing preserves cotorsion pairs.
MA-LSTMNet: AN EFFICIENT MULTISCALE ATTENTION LSTMNet-BASED HEART DISEASE PREDICTION FRAMEWORK WITH IoT DEVICES INCORPORATING HYBRID RAT SWARM-RED DEER ALGORITHM
Authors: Krishna Munagala N. V. L. M. , Langoju Lakshmi Rajeswara Rao , Rani A. Daisy , Reddy D. V. Rama Koti
Published: August 2024

Worldwide, Heart Disease (HD) has become one of the deadly diseases generating a high mortality rate. Different techniques are adapted to analyze HD which are highly complicated. Furthermore, machine learning techniques are highly performed to offer a better performance rate in identifying and diagnosing cardiac diseases. However, these techniques couldn’t handle the high-dimensional data. This research work is focused to develop an efficient IoT-based HD monitoring framework using the multiscale attention-based deep learning architecture. Initially, the IoT-based text and signal data are gathered from online sources. Then, the pre-processed data are used for the deep feature retrieval phase and signal feature extraction. Here, the deep feature extraction is performed using Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) and signal features. Both deep features and signal features are provided to the weighted feature fusion region, where the weights are modified, and optimal features are selected using the Hybrid Rat Swarm with Red Deer Optimization Algorithm (HRS-RDOA) for enhancing the prediction performance. Then, the weighted fused features are used in the HD forecast region, where the Multiscale Attention-based Long Short-term Memory Network (MA-LSTMNet) is employed to predict heart disease. Here, the parameter optimization takes place using developed HRS-RDOA for getting accurate predicting results. The experimental analyses contrast the implemented IoT-based HD prediction model and conventional methods. While validating through various performance measures, the accuracy of the developed model is 96% and also the precision is 95%. Throughout the validation, the offered model shows enhanced performance than the existing methods. Generally, healthcare applications are considered for predicting HD where the clinicians can treat the HD in an effective manner which leads to reduction in the mortality rate.
Enhanced Random Forest Approach in Digital Healthcare in Medicine Recommendation and Classification
Authors: Kaur Kamalpreet , Garg Rachit
Published: August 2024

In the era of digital healthcare, the integration of machine learning techniques has revolutionised the field of medicine. This chapter presents an efficient approach for building a prediction system for medicine classification using machine learning algorithms. By accurately categorizing medicines based on various diseases such as fever, allergy, and many more. The web-based recommendation system aims to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions in healthcare designed with the Flask framework that helps users to discover possible medical diseases. The system takes symptoms as input and machine learning models, including support vector machines (SVM), random forests, gradient boosting, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and multinomial naive bayes model to predict illnesses with efficient accuracy. The enhanced random forest technique was proposed which obtains the classification accuracy of 0.942, precision of 0.9124, recall of 0.895, and F1-score of 0.914. This improves decision-making and increases accessibility to healthcare services. All things considered, the medicine recommendation system is a useful resource for those looking for first advice on health-related issues, improving both general health and healthcare results.
The Significance of Generative Artificial Intelligence and Visualization in Contemporary Applications
Authors: Sabharwal Neha , Mahajan Jyoti
Published: August 2024

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and visualisation as transformational technologies has major ramifications for current applications in a variety of industries. This chapter explores the significance of these cutting-edge technologies and how they work together to influence how people think creatively and solve problems. The way we interact with one another, perform our jobs, and innovate has been completely transformed by generative AI. With 100 million users, ChatGPT is proof of the extensive effect and quick uptake of this cutting-edge technology. Its potential for transformation is further strengthened by its consistent dispersion and popularity on GitHub.
Fostering Holistic Development
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: August 2024

Empowering students to flourish necessitates the promotion of self-actualization through education. Educators promote holistic development by cultivating personal growth, resilience, and a sense of purpose. Curiosity and innovation are stimulated by fostering a growth mindset and offering opportunities for creative expression. Students are encouraged to become self-directed learners by celebrating their accomplishments and fostering inclusive environments. Students are better prepared to lead purposeful lives and make meaningful societal contributions by adopting self-actualization principles.
Designing Universal and Passive Prompts for Ideational Creativity and Innovation in Inclusive Online Learning Spaces
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: August 2024

Online learning includes courses that require learners to create and innovate. While many of these include domain-specific pedagogical approaches, there are a range of universal and passive prompts for both ideational creativity and innovation in online learning socio-technical spaces. These include elements in the following four areas: (1) instructional leadership and guidance, (2) course policies and implementation, (3) online learning ecosystem (LMS and other spaces), and (4) integrated social media enablements. Such approaches enable increased inclusive learning engagement. They affirm the creative capability in all people. This work is informed by the academic research literature, hands-on instructional design of online courses, and abductive logic. This work posits that reconceptualizing pedagogy and growth-based critical mindsets by educators—about the capability of learners of all backgrounds to think and do in novel ways—may enable larger spaces for learner creativity and innovation.
Equal Employment Opportunity or Not?
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: August 2024

The SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 global pandemic left many workplaces in disarray. The author—an American-born Chinese American person—had returned to work shortly after receiving her first Moderna vaccination in April 2021. She returned to a workplace in which a direct supervisor started engaging in racist behaviors (pulling “chink eyes” during a Zoom meeting, engaging in anti-Asian rants) and pressuring for (unpaid) overwork well beyond the work week and beyond her actual professional role. She worked through the system at the university to try to resolve the issues, but the then-head of information technology services (ITS) notified her of a notice of non-renewal of her position a little more than a half-year after meeting with her via Zoom. She filed a federal discrimination complaint about this ill treatment only to have a year-long “investigation” (involving collecting documents and various testimonies) end with their legally binding neutral finding. This work describes the experience and some observations from the years-long experiences.
Using Automated Short Courses to Bolster Professional Development in Pursuing Grant Funding
Authors: Hai-Jew Shalin
Published: August 2024

A common strategy in higher education post-pandemic is to “braid” funding sources to keep the institutions of higher education (IHE) afloat. One of the additional funding sources is acquired through grant writing. Any additional program at an IHE affects all parts of the organization, and administrators, faculty, and staff are encouraged to be aware of grant funding and to pursue such funding as opportunities arise. At one community college, a monthly newsletter shares knowledge about pursuing grants; an online course on a learning management system (LMS) shares knowledge about grant writing; and then some automated short courses have been designed to enable opt-in self-learning through a professional development LMS. This short work describes the instructional design strategies behind these short courses to be complementary to new face-to-face training that will be offered beginning in the next term.
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Automated Network Selection in Heterogenous CRNs
Authors: Xie Jiang , Zhang Jing , He Xiangcheng , Chen Shaolei , Zhang Tai , Zhao Jing
Published: August 2024

The development of technology that enables network convergence and the rising acceptance of heterogeneous network architectures have made it possible for many of the most important cognitive radio networks to communicate with a broad variety of authorized networks. Traditional algorithms for network selection make use of selection approaches that are dependent on prior information about the network under consideration. We use the proposed algorithm to choose different networks and integrate them into computers. This paper offers a network selection technique that is based on deep reinforcement learning. This technique can be applied to cognitive radio networks that encompass a range of networks. We will utilize these findings to provide recommendations on how to remediate existing issues in the delivery of services to cognitive users. This paper aims to improve the service quality for cognitive users and find solutions to the identified problems.
Investigation of the Short-Circuit Withstand Time and On-Resistance Trade-Off of 1.2 kV 4H-SiC Power MOSFETs
Authors: Kim Jeff , Fetzer Brian , Sabri Shadi , Hull Brett , Ryu Sei Hyung
Published: August 2024

The short-circuit withstand time and on-resistance trade-off is investigated in 4H-SiC Power MOSFETs. We compare the static and short circuit withstand time results along with JFET width dependency and PWELL doping variation of MOSFET. We present that smaller Rds,on by wider JFET width and lighter doped PWELL results in worse short circuit withstand time.
Temperature-Dependent Evaluation of Commercial 1.2 kV, 40 mΩ 4H-SiC MOSFETs: A Comparative Study between Planar, One-Side Shielded Trench, and Double Trench Gate Structures
Authors: Reddy Vudumula Pavan , Chand Umesh , Bera Lakshmi Kanta , Chua Calvin Hung Ming , Singh Navab , Chung Surasit
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the static and dynamic characteristics of 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs with different gate structures: planar (Device A), one-side shielded trench (Device B), and double trench (Device C). We analyze threshold voltage, on-state resistance, transconductance, gate-to-source capacitances, and reverse transfer/miller capacitances with gate bias. Additionally, non-linear charges, including input charge, miller plateau, and total gate charge, are examined. Switching losses are assessed over a temperature range of 25° C to 125° C. Our findings reveal distinct performance differences, offering valuable insights for optimizing SiC MOSFETs in electric vehicle applications.
3rd Quadrant Surge Current SOA of SiC MOSFETs with Different Voltage Class
Authors: Alaluss Mohamed , Böhm Christoph , Herrmann Clemens , Basler Thomas , Elpelt Rudolf , Zeng Guang
Published: August 2024

The aim of this work is to investigate the 3rd quadrant safe operating area (SOA) of different voltage class SiC MOSFETs under surge current conditions depending on the gate-source voltage. The extent to which an applied gate-source voltage can influence the surge current capability was investigated. For 650 V and 1.2 kV voltage class devices, surge current capability was higher with channel-on mode. However, this behavior was vice-versa for 2 kV and 3.3 kV devices. In this investigation, during the surge current event, the gate-source voltage was switched between different values to optimize the resulting voltage drop. This method can reduce power dissipation during a surge current event, especially for high voltage class SiC MOSFETs.
On the TCAD Modeling of Non-Permanent Gate Current Increase during Short-Circuit Test in SiC MOSFETs
Authors: Roig Jaume , Kochoska Sara , Vlachakis Basil , Franchi Jimmy , Pham Thanh Toan
Published: August 2024

Under short-circuit (SC) testing SiC MOSFETs exhibit an exceptional increase of gate current (100’s mA) which is not observed in their Si counterparts. Electro-thermal TCAD simulations are capable to accurately mimic all the details of measured gate current waveforms (iG) by capturing multiple physical mechanisms. One of these mechanisms is the thermionic or Schottky emission effect occurring at extreme temperatures (>1300K) for relatively thick gate oxides (>40nm). For the first time, it is proven that TCAD tunneling models, recommended for very thin oxides (<3nm), are suitable to reproduce the thermionic effect and predict iG in SiC MOSFETs under SC test.
Estimation of Electron Drift Mobility along the c-Axis in 4H-SiC by Using Vertical Schottky Barrier Diodes
Authors: Ishikawa Ryoya , Kaneko Mitsuaki , Kimoto Tsunenobu
Published: August 2024

Electron mobility along the c-axis is the most important in SiC because the current flows along this direction in vertical SiC devices. However, previous reports on the drift mobility along the c-axis are still limited because of the difficulty of sample preparation or analysis. In this study, the authors presented the method to estimate the electron drift mobility of a lightly-doped epitaxial layer by using SiC(0001) vertical Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs). For the analyses, the effects of current spreading and series resistance were carefully considered based on experimental results obtained from SBDs with various device parameters, leading to a more accurate estimation. The mobility along the c-axis was obtained as 1070 ± 290 cm2/Vs for a donor density of 1 × 1015 cm-3, and it was compared with the results by Hall effect measurement.
Comparison of the Surge Current Capabilities of SBD-Embedded and Conventional SiC MOSFETs
Authors: Kawahara Koutarou , Sugawara Katsutoshi , Iijima Akifumi , Hino Shiro , Fujiyoshi Katsuhiro , Oritsuki Yasunori , Murakami Takeshi , Takahashi Tetsuo , Kagawa Yasuhiro , Hironaka Yoichi , Nishikawa Kazuyasu
Published: August 2024

We demonstrated that the surge current capability of 3.3 kV Schottky-barrier-diode-embedded (SBD-embedded) SiC MOSFETs is equivalent to that of conventional SiC MOSFETs and three times higher than that of SiC SBDs. Furthermore, we revealed that the bipolar degradation attributed to the repetitive surge stress of high current density was negligible, which can be explained by the small total area of the expanded stacking faults (SFs) caused by the limited total period of conduction of the body diodes.
Design and Characterization of an Optical 4H-SiC Bipolar Junction Transistor
Authors: Brosselard Pierre , Planson Dominique , Tournier Dominique , Bevilacqua Pascal , Sonneville Camille , Phung Luong Viet , Lazar Mihai , Vergne Bertrand , Scharnholz Sigo , Morel Hervé
Published: August 2024

In this paper, a first demonstration of the optical triggering of a 10 kV 4H-SiC Bipolar Junction Transistor is reported. A laser emitting UV (349 nm) has been used for the generation electron-hole pairs within the device. A current density of about 20 A.cm-2 has been obtained. This low value in comparison with 100 A.cm-2 for “conventional” BJT is due to the narrow pulse width (5 ns). The current waveform shows the effect of the carrier lifetime in the base and collector regions. From these measurements, we have extracted the IC (VCE) characteristics for different laser optical power and the switch-on time which is about 1 µs.
Volumetric Wake Investigation of a Free-Flying Quadcopter using Shake-The-Box Lagrangian
Authors:   German Aerospace Center - DLR, Wolf C. Christian , Schanz Daniel , Schwarz Clemens , Heintz Alexander , Bosbach Johannes , Strobing Tobias , Schroder Andreas
Published: August 2024

The Shake-The-Box technique was applied to experimentally quantify the time-resolved volumetric flow field around a free-flying quadcopter UAV with an overall span of about 0.5 m. State-of-the-art LED illumination and high-speed camera equipment was combined with modern Lagrangian tracer particle tracking and data assimilation techniques, facilitating a measurement volume larger than 1.5m3. The setup allowed for both hover and limited maneuvering of the quadcopter, while resolving even small details of the complex interactional aerodynamics. In hover out of ground effect, the four individual rotor wakes merged into a single jet within a few rotor radii below the rotor planes. Evaluating the mass and momentum fluxes over suitable control volumes yields accurate estimates for the quadcopter's total thrust, the asymmetric thrust distribution between front and back rotors, and the entrainment of external flow through turbulent mixing. Hover in ground effect decreases the power requirement and induces recirculating flow in the center of the four rotors. The outwash pattern is non-uniform with jets developing between the rotors and pointing in radially outward directions. Forward flight cases result in a skewed, rapidly merging wake flanked by the roll-up of two "super-vortices" similar to the wingtip vortices of fixed-wing vehicles.