bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Importance of double taxation to increase export potential of Georgia
Authors: Baratashvili Nazi , Pharsenadze Zaza
Published: February 2019

Introduction. According for future economic development of country and creation strong stable political framework is essential to improve international existing mechanism of avoiding double taxation. Double taxation avoidance system is an essential component of good business environment and is a key factor of stimulating investments. Agreements of Double taxation provide legal framework of releasing from double taxation. In spite of that, such exemption is foreseen by the internal law of different countries, international double taxation agreements provides contingency approach.
Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to study the directions of avoiding double taxation, which contributes to the deepening of economic cooperation between countries and attracting investment. The task is to study and show the positive and negative sides of double tax treaties.
Results. One of the main factor of countries economic development is to promote export. For that every country is interested in incensement of export share per capital in foreign trade. In the article is analysed trends of development of international double taxation principles and forms. Research shows and confirms that an effective legal mechanism in Georgia is still in the process of formation in this field. Trade liberalization contributes to the creation of such flexible mechanisms, which allow developing countries receive maximal benefits from the process of world economic development. Also, Georgia received economic benefits from agreement of Avoidance of Double Taxation, which was signed all parties.
Conclusions. We have to mention that for Georgia is great challenge to increase export share per capital in European Union countries. Georgian has real ability to increase export potential in EU countries. The result of this is deep and comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (DCFTA) with the European Union and agreement of Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal evasion (DTAA) with respect to taxes on income. It promotes to build further new trade economic cooperation between countries by safeguarding the interests of involved countries according the agreement.
Property management dominants for recreational natural resources
Authors: Burkynskyi Borys , Martienko Antonina , Khumarova Nina , Prokopiuk Aleksander
Published: February 2019

Introduction. The natural resources national ownership, which basis the formation of state and other forms of ownership, has a complex nature, sometimes its interests do not reflect the interests of every member of society, especially this applies to the system of appropriation in the nature use management. The analysis of various aspects of state property management for natural resources is due to the necessity of its development as a complex, integrated process involving the expansion of horizontal and vertical interactions and relationships.
Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to determine the vectors for improving the system of state management by appropriating natural recreational resources for their effective disposal, alternatives to use, and, also receiving and distributing the proceeds of its ownership. In accordance with the article aim, were set the following tasks: to investigate the trends of rent payments and environmental taxes revenues to the state budget; to analyze revenues to the state budget from the use of natural recreational resources, for example, forest and water polyfunctional resources; to provide suggestions, how to improve the property state management of natural recreational resources.
Results. Analyze of positive and negative tendencies towards effective state management, based on the experience of managing property ownership on natural recreational resources in different countries of the world, are identified. The essence of appropriation of natural recreational resources as an economic-ecological category is determined, and includes appropriation of income from natural resources and losses for irrational use of them. The budgetary revenues  from the use of natural production factors are analyzed and their insignificant part of the product manufacturing cost in the areas of activity (forest and water management) is determined, where the basis of the produced goods and services are natural resources. The horizontal management functions dissipation of the same natural recreational resources between different ministries and agencies is identified. Priorities recommendations on the improvement of state natural recreational resources property management are given (inter alia, regulatory framework, forecasting and planning, organization, accounting and control).
Conclusions. The analysis of rent payments for the natural resources use and environmental taxes shows that almost the free assignment of income from the use of natural capital to economic entities. Thus, summing up the research it can be concluded that the state policy regarding the use of natural recreational capital should be based on ecosystem and polyfunctional approaches, and the most effective directions for its use in various sectors of the national economy and forms of ownership should be determined by the state.
A characterization of minimal ascreen null hypersurfaces of $(LCS)$-space forms
Authors: Ssekajja Samuel
Published: February 2019

In the present paper, we study nontotally geodesic minimal ascreen null hypersurface, $M$, of a Lorentzian concircular structure $(LCS)$-space form of constant curvature $0$ or $1$. We prove that; if the Ricci tensor of $M$ is parallel with respect to any leaf of its screen distribution, then $M$ is isometric to a product of a null curve and spheres.
Application of Regression Models on Panel Data in the Regional Analysis of Water Consumption
Authors: Yerina А. М. , Ukrainets M. P.
Published: February 2019

Water is a core component of the nature environment. The problem of good quality water supply to the humans has been aggravating because the available resources of fresh water in some regions of the planet proved to be insufficient for satisfying all the consumer needs. Lack of fresh water has been a structural factor affecting the global economic development, with drinking water acquiring the characteristics of a strategic commodity. These circumstances raise the importance of solutions on saving fresh water resources and ways of their rational use from the local level to the global one.

The article contains a description of the current situation with water supply and water consumption in Ukraine. As regards water supply, Ukraine, according to the hydrological classification, is undergoing water stress, in parallel with extra water consumption and high water intensity in the domestic production sector.

The subject of the study is water intensity of the gross domestic product, its main factors and ways of reduction. The object of the study is seven Ukrainian regions across which the river Dnieper flows, and the city of Kyiv. A significant variation of water intensity is observed in administrative and territorial units located in the Dnieper basin, which is caused by the varying industrial capacities, varying systems of technical water supply at industrial enterprises, and varying scopes of fresh water use in water supply for agricultural and utility needs, lack of advanced systems for water supply in some of the regions, which causes large losses of water and high water intensity in some production facilities.

The impact from the above mentioned factors on the regional water intensity is assessed by the regression model on panel data. The specific conditions of the business operation in some regions of the Dnieper basin are represented in the model by dummy variables. By the model of water intensity of GDP, the largest one is the impact from industrial specialization of a region (especially Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kyiv and Kherson regions), the existence of water recycling systems at industrial enterprises, scopes of water drainage and capacities of sewage treatment plants.

Effective use, rehabilitation and protection of water resources, improvement of water quality, and reduction of water intensity in the production facilities through taking technological and economic measures in water consumption are considered as important factors of the national security.
Estimation of the Dependence of the Ukrainian Economy on the Import of Products from the Processing Industry in the Segments of Intermediate Consumption and Gross Fixed Capital Formation
Authors: Sozanskyy L. Yo.
Published: February 2019

Given the fact that the structure of import of goods and services of Ukraine dominates the products of the manufacturing industry, it became necessary to study the dependence of the Ukrainian economy on the production of this type of industrial activity. To do this, an estimation of the dependence of the Ukrainian economy on the use of the import of manufacturing industries in the manufacturing industry was made, in terms of the two key uses of resources – intermediate consumption products and gross fixed capital formation. The information base for such an assessment was the data of the tables “output-input”.

As a result of undertaken a study certainly, that most the Ukrainian economy depends on the import of products of intermediate consumption of such productions of manufacturing industry: computers, electronic and optical products (» 90%); chemicals and chemical products (> 80%); machine building (> 80%); coke and refined products (> 60%); textile production, clothing, clothing, leather and other materials (> 60%). Along with the use of imports, the use of domestic production in the intermediate consumption segment has considerably increased in Ukraine. The intermediate consumption of domestic products of production: computers, electronic and optical products; grew at the highest rates; machinery and equipment, not attributed to other groups; textile production, clothing, leather and other materials production.

The level of import dependence of the Ukrainian economy in segments of the gross fixed capital formation in manufacturing industries is » 85%. The highest level of import dependence of the Ukrainian economy in the segment of gross fixed capital formation (more than 90%) is characteristic for production products: computers, electronic and optical products; machinery and equipment not included in other groups; motor vehicles, trailers and semitrailers.

Thus, the promising directions of import substitution in Ukraine relate primarily to the abovementioned industries. The hypothesis that for the implementation of import substitution in the Ukrainian economy, it is necessary for each of the identified directions, to carry out detailed calculations of the capacity of the target market segments (both internal and external), the volume of investments necessary for the organization of the corresponding production, their profitability and the payback period, as well as the number of newly created jobs.
The Method for Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Tests. Part 1
Authors: Kukharenko V. M. , Perkhun L. P. , Tovmachenko N. M.
Published: February 2019

Informatization of the modern society has led to the wide-scale and rapid introduction of distance training technologies in virtually all the categories of Ukrainian HEEs. Studies of the aspects related to applications of digital technologies in education processes are subject to close attention in Ukraine and beyond. An important component of the training process is test control of knowledge.   

Education activities at the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit rely on criteria oriented tests. They are realized on the basis of distance training system Moodle that allows for creating test questions of various types and their repeated inclusion in various packages of test tasks. The Moodle environment allows for computation of selected statistical indicators on a fulfilled test and its individual tasks: average estimate and median, standard deviation, asymmetry, excess, internal agreement rate, standard error etc. However, these characteristics are not enough for justified acceptance of test results.  

The article presents the first phase in elaborating a comprehensive method for quality evaluation of selected test tasks and the test as a whole. This method combining the classical theory, Data Mining and Item Response theory methods involves six steps. The first step, based on indicators of descriptive statistics, allows for evaluating the obtained distribution of test results. The second step involves evaluation of the validity of test tasks. The point-bead ratio is computed to derive the correlation between individual test task and individual test score of a student, with values higher than 0.5 considered satisfactory. Pearson correlation coefficient for binary variables shows the correlation between pairs of test tasks. The test tasks with negative correlations with the other test tasks are not considered as valid, and they have to be corrected or replaced. At the third step, the factor validity of the test is evaluated. The test tasks combined in groups using factor analysis methods are subject to further analysis to determine their impact on the final result, the individual test score of a student. All the above mentioned steps are illustrated by example. The computation is made by SPSS software package. The difference in interpretation of the computation results in each step for norm oriented and criteria oriented tests is demonstrated.              

The description of further steps involves in the method for comprehensive quality evaluation of tests, which use Data Mining and Item Response Theory methods, will be continued in next publications.
Efektivitas Teknik Progesive Muscle Relaxtation, Dengan Progesive Muscle Relaxtation Dan Dzikir Anfas Terhadap Kecemasan
Authors: Annas Annas , Wibowo Kabul
Published: February 2019

This Study aoims to deremine the effect of PMR ( Progresive Muscle Relaxtation) therapy, PMR (Progesive Muscle Relaxtation) and Anfas Remembrance to reduce PAPP Khodijah students' anxiety, and to find out the difference in PMR, PMR and Dzikir Anfas Therapy which is more effective than the two therapies reduce anxiety levels. The method used is by using the Quasi experimental research design pretest and post test with control group. With Progressive Muscle Relaxation therapy intervention with Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Anfas dhikr as a control group. Each group consisted of 5 participants, within one week the research was conducted at PAPP Khodijah. The results of the study obtained Based on the results of the Mann Whitney U test on the gain score changes in the value of anxiety the progressive group muscle relaxtation, PMR and Anfas Dhikr were Z = -623, P = 0.548 (P≥0.05). This explains that both PMR and PMR groups and Dzikir Anfaz did not have a significant difference.
Assertive Training Untuk Mengurangi Kecenderungan Pergaulan Bebas
Authors: Hasbahuddin Hasbahuddin , Fithrayani Aztri , Bakhtiar Muhammad Ilham
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang penggunaan assertive training, pergaulan bebas siswa sebelum dan sesudah diberikan assertive training, dan pengaruh assertive training untuk mengurangi pergaulan bebas siswa. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis eksperiment. Desain penelitian menggunakan pretest –posttest control group design. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 75 siswa dengan mengambil sampel 28 orang siswa. Teknik penarikan sampel adalah simple random sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah bahan perlakuan berupa scenario assertive training dan angket pergaulan bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan teknik   assertive  training yang dilaksanakan selama  delapan kali pertemuan menunjukkan kecenderungan pergaulan bebas pada siswa cenderung menurun dan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara siswa yang diberikan Assertive Training dengan siswa yang diberikan layanan BK oleh konselor sekolah lainnya untuk mencegah kecenderungan pergaulan bebas. Kesimpulan setelah pelaksanaan teknik assertive training, yaitu kecenderungan pergaulan bebas pada siswa yang diberikan pelatihan assertive cenderung menurun dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diberikan layanan BK oleh konselor sekolah lainnya, artinya semakin diberi Assertive Training  maka kecenderungan pergaulan bebas juga menurun. Dari hasil penelitian maka, disarankan pada  konselor sekolah dapat menggunakan latihan asertif dalam menangani masalah-masalah yang dialami oleh siswa secara terprogram  dan bekerjasama dengan pihak-pihak yang terkait.
The Role of Rationality and Technological Change in Learning Process
Authors: Mardiana Harisa , Daniels Haris Kaisar
Published: February 2019

My goal in examining the role of rationality and technological change in the learning process is to investigate knowledge, the use of technology, especially in the classroom and belief from lecturers in following the changes in learning. The problems in Indonesia are that lecturers have difficulty in adopting technology and indeed need improvement, and some lecturers are even weak in technological knowledge, development of knowledge, lecturer’s belief that the lecturer will never be able to change which will be complicated education on Indonesian campuses. The method used in this research is a quantitative method and is supported by a semi qualitative method using a Likert scale. Data collection was taken from 129 respondents who as lecturers spread throughout Indonesia from January 2018 to early May 2018; questionnaires were distributed using Google Form via email, Whatsapp, Facebook Messenger. The result of this study is that there is a relationship between rationality and technological change in the learning process. The author found small changes from several lecturers in using technology, even though technology became one of the tools in learning. Changes in the lecturers believe that they are difficult to adopt technology due to old age.
Rotor Dynamic Analysis of Driving Shaft of Dry Screw Vacuum Pump
Authors: Purushotham A. , Kumar Shravan
Published: February 2019

Rotor dynamics is the study of vibration behavior in axially symmetric rotating structures. Devices such as engines, motors, disk drives and turbines all develop characteristic inertia effects that can be analyzed to improve the design and decrease the possibility of failure. At higher rotational speeds, such as in a gas pumps, the inertia effects of the rotating parts must be consistently represented in order to accurately predict the rotor behavior. An important part of the inertia effects is the gyroscopic moment introduced by the precession motion of the vibrating rotor as it spins. As spin velocity increases, the gyroscopic moment acting on the rotor becomes critically significant. Not accounting for these effects at the design level can lead to bearing and/or support structure damage. The main objective of this project is to study the Rotor Dynamic behavior of the drive rotor shaft of the Dry screw vacuum pump. The design of the pump is considered from the one of the reputed pump manufacturing industry. The operational speed of the pump is 4500 rpm, whereas the maximum capable speed of the pump is 10,000 rpm. Rotating machinery produces vibrations depending on the unbalanced mass and gyroscopic effects. Thus an investigation is to be made on the rotor dynamic properties of the shaft to find the natural frequencies and critical speed. For this rotor dynamic analysis was carried out in ANSYS APDL and Workbench16 to find the natural frequencies and critical speeds in the range of 0 to 10000 rpm. Thus an effort is made to shift the mass moment of inertia of the shaft by varying the design of the shaft and to shift the critical frequency to the higher speeds of the shaft there by increasing the efficiency. The modal analysis is performed to find the natural frequencies and it is extended to harmonic analysis to plot the stresses and deflections at the critical speeds. The design of the rotor shaft is made in NX-CAD.
Passive Dynamic Bounding Control using Symmetry Condition Control Laws
Authors: Krishna P. Murali , Kumar R. Prasanth
Published: February 2019

Legged locomotion is preferred over the wheeled locomotion as it can be used both for flat and rough terrains. Quadruped robots are preferred since they can offer better stability with considerable reliability. In recent years, passive dynamics has been used to obtain near zero-energy bounding gaits. Although theoretically such gaits consume no energy, in practice some additional energy is required to overcome losses. Existence and stability of such gaits have been thoroughly studied in literature for quadruped models with the assumption that the mass distribution and stiffness in the front and back legs are symmetric. Fixed points found using Poincare map indicate touchdown angle-liftoff angle symmetry between front and back legs. This property can be used to search for fixed points with ease. However, the range of initial conditions where the bounding gait is stable is highly limited. Control laws based on symmetry conditions observed are proposed in this paper to improve the stability region. One such control law based on body-fixed touchdown angles theoretically allows redesign of quadruped robot with physical cross coupling between legs to achieve inherent stability without leg actuation.
Optimization and Analysis of Multi Tool Arbor
Authors: Madhavi M. , Anand B. Karthik
Published: February 2019

The growth of Indian manufacturing sector depends largely on its productivity and quality. Productivity depends upon many factors, one of the major factors being manufacturing efficiency with which the operation activities are carried out in the organization. Productivity can be improved by reducing the total machining time, combining the operations etc. In case of mass production where variety of jobs is less and quantity to be produced is huge, it is very essential to produce the job at a faster rate. This is not possible if we carry out the production by using general purpose machines. The best way to improve the production rate(productivity) along with quality is by use of special purpose machine. Usefulness and performance of the existing radial drilling machine will be increased by designing and development of multi spindle drilling head attachment. Machining time plays a pivotal role in the field of manufacturing. Thus increasing the size and shape of the machining tool, will no longer provides solution to meet today's demand. However, CNC helps to meet desired function but not suitable for many small scale industries which serves as a backbone of our country. The Main function of this project is to reduce machining time and provide assistance to productivity. By incorporating multiple arbor tool adaptable longitudinally. The longitudinal adaptation is achieved by mating gears. we can minimize the machining time in the conventional setup. Catia is the standard in 3d product design, featuring industry-leading productivity tools that promote best practices in design.
KONSEP ILMU DENGAN PARADIGMA TAUHID
Authors: AM Kartina
Published: February 2019

Sains (ilmu) pada zaman modern sangat dihargai, namun sejumlah penulis berpendapat lain, ada yang memandang sains sebagai proses dehumanisasi yang mengandung unsur perlakuan tidak layak pada manusia, masyarakat. Pada dasarnya konsep ilmu berdasarkan moral dengan paradigma tauhid memerlukan kesadaran bahwa segala bentuk ilmu berasal dari dan diarahkan untuk Allah. Secara filosofis dapat mempererat relasi konsep fitrah kemanusiaan, wahyu ilahi, dan sunnatullah (hukum Allah yang berlaku pada alam raya) secara terpadu. Rekonstruksi ilmu dalam paradigma tauhid sering disebut dengan kerja ''lslamisasi ilmu" atau "pengkajian ilmu dalam perspektif Islam 'yang metodologinya berdasarkan tauhid (keesaan Allah, kesatuan kebenaran, pengetahuan, kehidupan, dan umat). Sebagai pandangan dunia, tauhid meliputi prinsip-prinsip: 1) Dualitas, meliputi dua kategori umum, yaitu Tuhan (pencipta) dan bukan Tuhan (ciptaan); 2) Ideasionalitas, bahwa manusia mempunyai kemampuan berfikir; dan 3) Teleologis, bertujuan terencana, atau didasarkan pada maksud-maksud tertentu sang pencipta. Dari paradigma tauhid tersebut dapat dibangun basis ontologis, epistemologis, dan etis ilmu berdasarkan Islam.
HISTORIOGRAFI KESULTANAN BANTEN
Authors: Ali Mufti
Published: February 2019

Untuk mengetahui bagaimana visi penulisan sejarah sejarawan Belanda, dapat dilihat bagaimana mereka menjawab tiga pertanyaan berikut: (1) Bagaimana sejarawan Belanda menjelaskan peran VOC terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Kesultanan Banten pada momentum yang disebut dengan "era keemasan" (1680-1780)?; (2) Seberapa besar pengaruh VOC bagi kemunduran ekonomi Banten (1780-1808)?; (3) Bagaimana 'perompakan' dan 'penyelundupan' sejumlah komoditi di perairan Selat Sunda antara tahun (17 50-1800) dipahami oleh para sejarawan Belanda?Ketika menjawab tiga pertanyaan tersebut, secara umum para sejarawan Belanda memiliki dua sudut pandang yang disebut (A) Pax­Companica Visie dan (B) Post-colonial visie yang juga sering diidentikkan dengan anti-colonial visie. Sejarawan dengan visie pax-comparuca memberikan evaluasi positif atas kehadiran VOC di Banten. Sementara sejarawan dengan visi post-colonial memberikan evaluasi negatif atas kehadiran VOC dikaitkan dengan kemunduran dan kemajuan Kesultanan Banten.Di luar sejumlah studi dengan kedua visi tersebut, terdapat sejumlah studi yang dilakukan oleh para sejarawan Barat setelah kemerdekaan yang menggunakan pendekatan pengaruh perdagangan (trade-impact approach) dan pendekatan hubungan negara dan masyarakat (state-society relation approach). Sejarawan dengan pendekatan pertama melihat historiografi Banten dengan keyakinan bahwa perdagangan telah memberikan pengaruh pada pembentukan 'pemerintahan lokal' dan suroival sosial ekonomi dan politiknya. Sejarawan dengan pendekatan yang disebut terakhir menganalisa hubungan antara kekuasaan pusat dengan berbagai kelompok sosial di Banten yang memberikan pengaruh kuat terhadap formasi kesultanan Banten. Langsung maupun tidak, sebenarnya karya dengan trade-impact approach memberikan evaluasi negatif terhaclap kehadiran VOC di Banten yang telah memberikan kesengsaraan kepada penduduknya
KONTRIBUSI DIALEK QURAISY DAN DIALEK TAMIM TERHADAP BAHASA ARAB FUSHHA
Authors: MU'IZZUDDIN MOCHAMMAD
Published: February 2019

Kelahiran bahasa Arab fushha di jazirah Arab tidak tidak bisa dilepaskan dari dialek-dialek yang telah berkembang semenjak pada masa pra-Islam (masa jahili). Diantara dialek yang dianggap ikut andil besar terciptanya bahasa Arab  Fushha, menurut  beberapa linguis Arab  dalam kajian dialek-dialek  bangsa Arab, adalah dialek Quraisy dan dialek Tamim.Tulisan ini berusaha untuk mengungkap kontribusi dialek Quraisy dan dialek Tamim terhadap kelahiran dan perkembangan bahasa Arab fushha. Selain akan dibahas tentang perbedaan kedua dialek tersebut dalam memberikan kontribusi terhadap kelahiran bahasa Arab fushha, tulisan ini juga mengekplorasi faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan tersebut.Dialek Quraisy yang berasal dari kabilah Quraisy yang menduduki kota Mekah dan telah mendapatkan tempat yang utama di antara dialek-dialek Arab Utara, merupakan kontributor utama kelahiran bahasa Arab Fushha melalui bahasa al-naqsy dan sastra jahili. Sedangkan dialek Tamim yang berasal dari kabilah Bani Tamim yang dinisbatkan kepada Tamim bin Mur bin Adbin Tharikhah bin Ilyas bin Mudlar bin Nazar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan memberikan kontribusi melalui bentuk suara (fononologi), bentuk kata, dan bentuk kalimat.Pada umumnya, para linguis sepakat bahwa dialek Quraisy memberikan kontribusi lebih besar dari pada dialek Tamim dalam pembentukan Arab fushha. Hal itu disebabkan oleh beberapa keunggulan yang dimiliki kabilah Quraisy, yakni: kekuasaan agama, kekuatan perekonomian, kekuatan politik, dan kekuatan bahasa.
PEMIKIRAN USHUL FIQH AL-SYAUKANI
Authors: Syarjaya H.E Syibli
Published: February 2019

Dalam pemikiran ushuI fiqh klasik, para ulama umumnya membagi dua kelompok besar, yakni kelompok mutakallim dan ushuliyyin. Kelompok pertama adalah mereka yang menggunakan metode yang biasa dipakai oleh para teolog (mutakalim) dalam mendeduksi hukum. Mereka berpikir secara deduktif, yakni menggunakan al-Qur'an dan Sunnah sebagai sumber untuk menciptakan kaidah­kaidah ushuliyyah tanpa memperhatikan problema di tingkat realitas. Pendiri kelompok ini adalah Imam Syafi'i. Sedangkan kelompok yang kedua menggunakan metode berpikir secara parsial,yakni melakukan analisis masalah di tingkat realitas bukan berdasarkan teori-teori (kaidah-kaidah) yang ada. Pendiri kelompok ini adalah Abu Hanifah.Namun pada umumnya, banyak ulama ushul fiqh yang datang kemudian, menggabungkan kedua teori tersebut. Salah satu ulama yang berusaha untuk menggabungkan atau mengkompromikan keduanya adalah al-Syaukani, seorang ulama dari mazhab Syi'ah Zaidiyah. Menggabungkan dua pola pemikiran tersebut ternyata tidak mudah untuk mencari jalan keluarnya. Tulisan ini menggambarkan tentang usaha-usaha yang dilakukan oleh al-Syaukani untuk mengkompromikan dua corak pemikiran ushul fiqh.
PERANAN HUKUM ISLAM DALAM PENYELESAIAN PROBLEMA HUKUM PEMBIAYAAN LEASING DI INDONESIA
Authors: Sumirat Iin Ratna
Published: February 2019

Leasing adalah suatu perjanjian yang berlitik tolak dari hubungan antara jangka waktu kontrak dengan masa kegunaan barang-barang secara ekonomis. Pihak yang terlibat (lessor dan lesse) bersepakat bahwa pihak lessor tanpa menggunakan hak miliknya secara hak dan kewajiban menyerahkan hak milik atas barang tersebut kepada pihak lesse yang berkewajiban membayar imbalan yang kemudian memperoleh hak milik atas barang tersebut.

Leasing merupakan suatu lembaga hukum pembiayaan yang berasal dari Amerika Serikat. Keberadaannya diakui di Indonesia berdasarkan ketentuan Pasal 1338 (1) KUH Perdata. Akan tetapi aspek keperdataan secara khusus mengenai leasing belum ada. Sifat keperdataan ini penting diketahui dalam kaitan untuk menentukan kepastian hukum dan dijadikan pedoman manakala timbul sengketa antara pihak pembuat leasing.Para sarjana berbeda pendapat tentang kedudukan leasing, sebagian berpendapat bahwa leasing itu identik dengan perjanian sewa menyewa karena adanya persamaan dengan ciri-ciri dalam perjanian sewa menyewa. Sementara yang lainnya berpendapat bahwa perjanjian leasing itu memiliki banyak persamaan dengan beli sewa. Persamaan tersebut terlihat pada tujuannya. Kedua macam perjanjian itu bertujuan untuk mengalihkan hak milik atas objek perjanjian dari pihak yang satu kepada pihak yang lain pada akhir perjanjian tersebut.Dalam hukum Islam, leasing merupakan pranata hukum yang samar karena mengandung beberapa unsur perjanjian. Namun beberapa jenis dalam transaksi ekonomi Islam, memberikan kekayaan dalam pemahaman hukum pembiayaan leasing, sehingga leasing lebih mudah dipahami dan dipraktekkan.
AL-QUR'AN: A CONTEMPORARY TRANSLATION
Authors: Ayubi Sholahuddin Al
Published: February 2019

Ahmed Ali adalah salah seorang penerjemah al-Qur'an ke dalam bahasa Inggris. Beliau merupakan salah seorang sastrawan terkemuka Asia Selatan yang produktif menulis. Salah satu karyanya yang cukup dikenal adalah penerjemahan al-Qur'an dalam bahasa Inggris, yaitu Al-Qur'an: A Contemporary Translation.Karya terjemahan dan tafsir al-Qur'an yang ditulisnya ini dimaksukan untuk mendekatkan umat Islam dan memperkenal al-Qur'an kepada non-Muslim di Barat. Tafsir ini berisi tentang penjelasan Islam secara filosofis yang diperuntukan bagi para pembaca yang ingin berdialog dengan al-Quran, sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan permasalahan yang dihadapinya. Karya terjemahan ini tergolong salah satu yang istimewa dari karya-karyanya yang lain. Karena itu, karya ini, selain memiliki bahasa yang mudah dan indah, corak tafsirnya juga lebih banyak menggunakan tafsir bil ma'tsur dan tafsir ilmy.

Kata Kunci : Metode Penerjemahan al-Qur'an, tafsir al-Qur'an, Ahmed Ali
KESENJANGAN ANTARA KONDISI PENDIDIK, PENGELOLAAN SERTA SARANA DAN PRASARANA DI PROVINSI BANTEN DENGAN STANDAR NASIONAL PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Supandi Supani
Published: February 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan identifikasi kesenjangan antara kondisi pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana Sekolab Dasar di Provinsi Banten dengan Standar Nasional Pendidikan. ldentifikasi pertama mengkaji nilai kontribusi variabel pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana sekolah terbadap hasil belajar dan menganalisa dampak peningkatan ketiga variabel tersebut terbadap mutu pendidikan. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan nilai kontribusi ketiga variabel tersebut, dapat ditetapkan penentuan prioritas peningkatan berdasarkan urutan besaran nilai kontribusinya.ldentifikasi kedua tentang ketersediaan data yang mutakhir dan akurat yang dapat memberikan gambaran kondisi pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana Sekolab Dasar di Provinsi Banten. Data tersebut meliputi berbagai parameter yang digunakan dalam penentuan standar nasional pendidikan. Oleh karena itu, data tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kesenjangan dengan Standar Nasional Pendidikan untuk bidang pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana sekolah.ldentifikasi ketiga berkenaan dengan kontribusi variabel pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana Sekolab Dasar terbadap hasil belajar di Provinsi Banten. Berdasarkan besaran kontribusi tersebut dapat ditetapkan prioritas peningkatan dalam komponen pendidik, pengelolaan, dan sarana serta prasarana sekolah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di Provinsi Banten.
KESADARAN HUKUM MASYARAKAT LEBAK, BANTEN
Authors: Kharlie Ahmad Tholabi
Published: February 2019

Setidaknya ada lima faktor yang mendukung terjadinya pelanggaran ataupun ketidaktaatan masyarakat kepada hukum. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah, pertama, faktor materi hukum itu sendiri, yang dalam hal ini undang-undang tersebut. Kedua, faktor penegak hukum, yakni pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam menegakkan hukum itu sendiri. Ketiga, faktor sarana atau fasilitas yang mendukung penegakan hukum. Keempat, Faktor masyarakat, yakni lingkungan di mana hukum tersebut berlaku atau diterapkan, Kelima, hasil karya, cipta, dan rasa yang didasarkan pada karsa manusia dalam pergaulan hidup. Faktor-faktor tersebut, dengan demikian, sangat berpangaruh pada pelaksanaan sebuah peraturan atau penmdang-undangan.Fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat Lebak saat ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesadaran hukum masyarakat, terutama implementasi hukum perkawinan nasional yang terangkum dalam UUP, belum menunjukkan tingkat kesadaran hukum yang menggembirakan. Dalam praktiknya, meski telah diatur dalam perundang-undangan mengenai tata cara perkawinan, namun pelanggaran dalam bentuk indisipliner (bahkan penentangan) terhadap aturan normatif perkawinan nasional, terutama menyangkut prosedur perkawinan dan perceraian, masih terus berlangsung. Ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku perkawinan masyarakat Lebak masih diwarnai dengan penyimpangan-penyimpangan dari koridor hukum positif yang telah digariskan negara.Kondisi inilah yang mendorong penulis untuk melakukan penelitian dalam upaya mengungkap atau menemukan hukum yang hidup (living law), dalam hal ini perilaku perkawinan masyarakat Lebak, Banten. Selain itu penelitian ini juga dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan hukum perkawinan nasional di suatu daerah telah sesuai dengan kesadaran hukum dan ketaatan hukum masyarakat.Kata kunci: kesadaran hukum, Lebak, UU No. 1 Tahun 1974.
USAHA PEMBARUAN USHUL FIQH MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR
Authors: Masduki Masduki
Published: February 2019

Teori hukum Islam atau disebut juga ushul al-fiqh adalah salah satu disiplin ilmu keislaman tradisional yang memiliki posisi sangat penting dalam pengembangan hukum Islam. Dalam disiplin ilmu inilah pembahasan mengenai dasar-dasar pemikiran atau paradigma keilmuan dan kaidah-kaidah yang sangat diperlukan sebagai pijakan dasar dalam membangun sebuah formulasi hukum Islam yang diinginkan dibahas secara tuntas. Dengan perkataan lain, ushul al fiqh adalah disiplin ilmu yang paling bertanggung jawab sebagai perangkat metodologis yang paling berkompeten guna menyusun, membentuk, dan memberi corak hukum Islam yang diharapkan.Namun belakangan ini, dengan semakin berkembang dan kompleknya tingkat budaya dan pengetahuan manusia, ushul fiqh yang dibangun oleh Imam Syafi'i tersebut mengalami kemandekan kalau tidak dikatakan kematian, karena dianggap tidak sanggup memberi kontribusi dan solusi masalah-masalah manusia modern. Karena itu beberapa pemikir Islam mutakhir merasa gelisah dengan keadaan seperti itu. Salah seorangnya adalah Muhammad Syahrur, seorang insinyur yang juga serius mengkaji Islam dalam kaitannya dengan isu-isu kekinian, menggagas penafsiran ulang terhadap warisan Islam klasik. Salah satu gagasannya adalah mengkaji ulang terhadap al-Qur'an. la tafsirkan al-Qur'an dengan pendekatan kebahasaan yang digabung dengan latar belakang keilmuannya yang berdasar pada matematika dan fisika, melahirkan kajian tefsir yang berbeda dengan tafsir konvensional selama ini. Dan· kajian tafsir al-Qur'an yang berkaitan dengan ayat-ayat hukum Syahrur melahirkan gagasan yang baru terhadap masalah-masalah hukum Islam yang selama ini dianggap sudah ajeg, dengan melahirkan teori batas. Bahwa hukum Tuhan mempunyai batas, batas alas dan batas bawah. Selama manusia bermain tidak melewati batas atas dan bawah tersebut, maka ia masih di dalam hukum Tuhan.Kata Kunci: Ushul fiqh, Muhammad Syahrur, Teori Batas
PENGARUH SASTRA ARAB TERHADAP SASTRA INDONESIA LAMA
Authors: Buana Cahya
Published: February 2019

Hamzah fansuri adalah penyair dan penulis sufi Indonesia yang sangat terkenal Ia telah menulis sejumlah puisi yang berisi tentang konsep-konsep sufi khususnya “wahdah al-wujud” Puisi-puisi tersebut diasumsikan terpengaruh oleh literatur Arab. Untuk membuktikan asumsi ini, penulis membuat perbandingan antara literatur berbahasa Arab dan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa gaya puisinya dipengaruhi oleh Arudlh dan Balaghah, seperti metre (wazan), rhyme (qefryah ), iqtibas, dan yang lainnya. Sedangkan kandungannya berisi tentang ghazal (puisi cinta dan erotis), yang biasa digunakan dalam syair-syair Arab.Kata Kunci: Hamzah Fansuri, syi'r, syair, wazan, qafiyah, saja’, ghazal, istiarah
PENGEMBANGAN SILABUS BAHASA INGGRIS DI IAIN SMH BANTEN
Authors: Tarihoran Naf'an
Published: February 2019

Pengembangan silabus merupakan bagian penting dari proses keberhasilan pebelajaran di lembaga pendidikan termasuk IAIN. Kemampuan dosen dalam mengembangkan silabus yang baik dan dapat diaplikasikan (applicable) akan berpengaruh pada penyusunan rencana pembelajaran (lesson plan) yang berarti pula berpengaruh pada proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Meskipun kita ketahui bahwa proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas dipengaruh banyak faktor namum jika tujuan jangka menengah tidak dapat dipahami oleh dosen dan civitas akademika, maka proses pun akan terganggu.Dalam mengembangkan silabus dosen perlu mengintegrasikan kebutuhan dan tujuan pembelajaran. Kedua hal tersebut dangat mendukung mahasiswa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, pembelajaran dan pekerjaan mereka. Mengembangkan silabus bukan hanya pekerjaan individual namun perlu melibatkan dosen lain sehigga silabus yang dihasilkan akan lebih maksimal dan benar-benar applicable di lembaga bersangkutan.Pengembangan silabus membutuhkan ketekunan dan ketelitian. Dosen yang mengembangkan silabus harus dapat menjabarkan tujuan pengajaran mengenai indikator dan kegiatan pembelajaran yang tepat. Dosen juga harus dapat menentukan bentuk dan jenis penilaian yang tepat sehingga ketercapaian tujuan dapat benar-benar terukur. Selain itu, penentuan materi pembelajaran serta sumber/ bahan/ alat bantu pembelajaran serta alokasi waktu menjadi kegiatan kunci untuk mendukung tercapainya kompetensi yang diharapkan.Kata Kunci: Silabus bahasa, IAIN SMH Banten, tujuan pembelajaran
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DAN KECERDASAN INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENYUSUN PERANCANGAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Hidayat Sholeh
Published: February 2019

Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh; pertama, strategi pembelajaran kooperatif terhadap kemampuan menyusun rancangan pembelajaran; dua, kecerdasan interpersonal terhadap kemampuan menyusun rancangan pembelajaran; ketiga, interaksi antara strategi belajar dan kecerdasan interpersonal terhadap kemampuan menyusun rancangan pembelajaran. Kasus kajian ini terjadi pada program studi DII jurusan pendidikan guru Taman Kanak-kanan FKIP Universitas Tirtayasa, semester dua tahun akademik 2006-2007, dengan sample sebanyak 44 orang.Tulisan ini menyajikan bahwa; pertama, kemampuan merancang pembelajaran bagi siswa yang mendapat strategi belajar kooperatif lebih tinggi dari pada siswa yang mendapat strategi belajar ekspositori; kedua, kemampuan merancang pembelajaran bagi siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan interpersonal yang tinggi lebih sesuai dengan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif; ketiga, siswa yang memiliki kecerdasan interpersonal yang rendah dalam merancang pembelajaran lebih cocok dengan strategi belajar ekspositori; keempat, ada interaksi antara penggunaan strategi belajar dan kecerdasan interpersonal yang memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda dalam merancang pembelajaran.Kata kunci: strategi belajar, pembelajaran koopertaif, pembelajaran ekpositori, kecerdasan interpersonal, rancangan pembelajaran.
Rural Bank Financial Performance: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Darminto Dwi Prastowo
Published: February 2019

This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of managerial ownership level, compliance level of accounting standard implementation, and assurance quality on financial reporting quality. This study also measures the influence of the variables of financial reporting quality, managerial ownership level, and risk management quality on rural bank financial performance. The method used in this research is the verificative research method with the survey approach, statistically processed by using PLS-SEM, with the aim to obtain the facts about the phenomena that occur and to seek information on the actual and systematic financial reporting quality and its impact on the rural bank financial performance. The findings of this study indicated that the compliance level of accounting standard implementation significantly influences financial reporting quality. The variable of managerial ownership level and assurance quality insignificantly influence financial reporting quality. The variables of financial reporting quality, managerial ownership level, and risk management quality also have insignificant influence on the rural bank financial performance.
Mutual Funds Hitches and Outlook: An Empirical Study
Authors: B. Barot Dr. Haresh , Chhaniwal Dr. Poonam
Published: February 2019

A lot of structural changes and innovations have occurred both at international and national financial system. Simultaneously, household savings and investment attitude and preference have increased. Emergence of new financial institutions and instruments came into existence to cater the needs of public. Mutual Funds are one of the ideal avenues available to investors. The growth of Mutual Funds industry is comparatively higher than other industries in India. But compared to global outlook, the share of Mutual Funds industry does not touch even 5 percent (Anonymous). Indian investors prefer to invest more in traditional avenues as compared to Mutual Funds. All this, in aggregate, heightens researcher concern that why Mutual Funds could not succeed in India? With this background, an attempt is made in this research to study the perceived problems and perspectives of retail investors for investment in Mutual Funds.
Budget Hotels’ Online Guest Reviews Regarding Customer Satisfaction
Authors: Ahmad Albattat , Khaled Alsardia , Mohammad Al-Laymoun , Ahmad Jais Alyaa Atikah , Ibrahim Razali
Published: February 2019

The tourism industry is an industry that uses services as its products, yet the services themselves are intangible. There are many different aspects to the tourism industry and one of them is accommodation, which includes hotels. Most hotels face similar issues in their operations and business, and technology is one way to listen and respond to complaints from guests. Technology has helped many industries to grow and flourish in the modern age. The tourism industry is one of the industries that relies heavily on technology. Hotels use technology for reservations, payments, room smartcards, taking orders at restaurants, and many other things. Travel search engines are the main reference for guests, other than the official website of the hotel. This paper aims to study the factors and level of customer satisfaction in a budget hotel in Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, based on guests’ online reviews. This research was conducted by analysing the secondary data gathered from booking websites. Using the data selected from the travel search engine, it is hoped that the findings can measure the level of customer satisfaction at this budget hotel and provide methods of improvement for future business operations.
FAMÍLIA MONOPARENTAL FEMININA: A MULHER COMO CHEFE DE FAMÍLIA
Authors: LEONARDO Francisco Antônio Morilhe , MORAIS Ana Graziele Longo de
Published: February 2019

O presente trabalho tem como escopo identificar os entraves, dimensões e demais problemas enfrentados pelas famílias monoparentais femininas no Brasil, pois,ao longo dos tempos, a família passou por graduais transformações e adaptações, sendo diretamente influenciada pela realidade social e a diversidade de estruturações domésticas na qual se adequam conforme a época emergente. Desse modo, discutir-se-á o papel da mulher, hodiernamente, enquanto chefe de família e mãe, fornecedora da dinâmica familiar, na qual se encontra em circunstâncias vulneráveis socialmente. Sobre as famílias monoparentais femininas compreendem-se que, a questão de gênero não influencia nos resultados familiares devido a ausência paterna, além dos fatores de risco, onde se ressalva a situação econômica que as compreendem, pois cabe ao Estado se ater à necessidade dessa realidade pelo viés das políticas sociais públicas, de modo a conquistarem os Direitos Humanos, que, entre limites e possibilidades, buscam superar sua condição vulnerável.
MULHERES E GÊNERO NAS RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS: PARA ALÉM DAS “PRISÕES COTIDIANAS” E EPISTEMOLÓGICAS
Authors: PASSOS Rodrigo Duarte Fernandes dos
Published: February 2019

Como situar em linhas gerais a mulher e a temática de gênero em um campo disciplinar altamente masculinizado – as Relações Internacionais - e monopolizado pela Ciência Política, que se associa às “prisões cotidianas” como aquelas referentes à distinção de gênero ligada ao público e ao privado e à guerra e à paz? Esta é a questão que resume o foco deste texto. A hipótese que buscará responder ao problema em questão enuncia sumariamente que a abordagem de gênero neste campo é pautada pelos parâmetros e limites da Ciência Política. De forma alternativa, uma perspectiva inter-relacional coerente com as abordagens de gênero pode ser obtida em termos holistas, de totalidade com a abordagem do desenvolvimento desigual e combinado, em termos da coexistência de múltiplas sociedades, interações, relações e causalidades, sem a ênfase específica da Ciência Política que permeia direta e indiretamente quase toda a abordagem das Relações Internacionais.