bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Annual Trends of Honeybee Activities and Their Correlation with Some Hive Characteristics in the Southern Guinea Savannah Vegetation Zone of Nigeria
Authors: ANDE A. T. , OYERINDE A. A. , YISA S. , MUSA A.K.
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted between November 2009 and October 2010 on eight randomly selected hives from two different apiaries in Borin (Kwara State) and Ogbomosho (Oyo State). All selected hives were put under surveillance and inspected fortnightly to document hive weight, hive bee population, comb building, proportion of comb capped and propolis texture/feel as well as availability. The estimated mean monthly bee population per hive in OGB.FI and II ranged between 9.362.5 ±1.00, 10.675.0 ±0.42 while those of ILR.FI and II ranged between 8,875.0 ±0.28 and 10, 787.3 ±1.33. In addition, the annual trend of Capped comb proportion attains its peak i.e. slightly above 80% in April. Also, the overall weight gain in Ogbomosho farm (39.38 kg) was higher that the value(38.12 kg) recorded in Ilorin farm while the monthly trend of moisture and elasticity levels in the propolis at the two locations were similar. Propolis was dryer and less elastic between November 2009 and January 2010, more hydrateds and elastic therefore, more sticky, between February and May 2010. The correlation analyses indicated that proportion of capped comb cells was positively correlated with weight gain in both Ilorin (0.94) and Ogbomoso (0.84). Beekeepers in this zone, particularly at Ilorin and Ogbomoso towns, should plan to harvest their hive between February and Mayas this is the honey production period.
Assessment of selected orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivars for sweetpotato weevil (Cylas puncticollis Boheman) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) infestation at Umudike, south east Nigeria
Authors: EHISIANYA C. N. , LALE N.E.S. , UMEOZOR O. C.
Published: September 2023

Selected orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) cultivars namely: NRSP/05/022, CIP199004.2, CIP440293, Centennial and a cream-fleshed check TIS2532.op.1.13 were evaluated for yield and Cylas puncticollis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Brentidae) infestation at the research limns in the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike (05°29°N, 07°33°E and 122 m above sea level), Abia State, Nigeria during the 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. Field experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with each sweetpotato cultivar replicated three times. The results showed that OFSP cultivars had higher beta-carotene ranging from 7.76 Jlg/I00g (CP440293) to 3.03 J.Lg/100g (CIP199004.2), than the cream- fleshed check (0.03 Jlg/100g). The number of plant stand and fresh roots at harvest of the OFSP cultivars showed no significant differences when compared with the check in both years, whereas the mean weights of their biomass showed that cv.TIS2532.op.l.13 (12.05 t/ha) was significantly (P =0.05) higher than the others, except Centennial (10.84 t/ha) and NRSP 105/022 (8.41 t/ha). The total number of C. puncticollis progeny and percentage root damage on NRSP/05/022 (1.33 and 0.56) were significantly lower than on the check (15.67 and 23.35) cultivar. The coefficient of association between total root yield (number and weight) and weight of biomass was positive, whereas, the relationship between the weight of biomass and weevil severity score and percentage infestation were negative. There was a positive coefficient of relationship between soil crack and C. puncticollis incidence (infestation and damage). This implies that higher weevil infestation was observed in roots from plants in soils with higher number of cracks.
Developmental and Cocoon Parameters of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidopter: Bombicidae), Fed on Mulberry Leaves Preserved for Different Durations under Tropical Conditions
Authors: ALEBIOSU I.B. , OLATUNDE GO. , ADEDlRE M.O. , PITAN O.O.R.
Published: September 2023

The effects on the general performance and cocoon yield of two silkworm hybrids fed with mulberry leaves preserved for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours were investigated. Leaf samples of each of the treatments were analyzed for nutrient contents. The experiment was a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement fitted into a completely randomized design in 4 replications. One hundred silkworm larvae of each hybrid were allocated to each replicate treatment and fed on the preserved leaves throughout the larval stages. Results showed that duration of preservation and silkworm hybrids significantly influenced the shell ratio, both singly and jointly. Interaction between the two factors was significant for the number of cocoons and cocoon weight. Single cocoon weight and shell weight were significantly higher in larvae fed with leaves preserved at 0 and 24 hours. Fecundity, larval and pupal emergence were not influenced by the two factors. However, higher larval and pupal weights were observed in silkworms fed on leaves preserved for 0 and 24 hours.
Differential Responses of the Cowpea Aphid, Aphis craccivora, to Host Plant and Pesticidal Plant Odours
Authors: UKEH D.A. , OKWECHE S.I. , UGBE L.A.
Published: September 2023

The black cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, is a key pest of Vigna unguiculata in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Olfactometry experiments were conducted in the laboratory to study the effects of host plant odours on apterae and alatae forms of A. craccivora. The host plants were fresh leaves of cowpea, V. unguiculata and groundnut, Arachis hypogaea, while the non-host plants were seeds of neem, Azadirachta indica and Pepper fruit, Dennettia tripetala. Both alatae and apterae spent significantly (P<0.001) more time and made more visits to the olfactometer arm emitting host plant odour than control in single choice bioassay. In response to non-host odour perception, the aphids exhibited significantly avoidance behaviour in terms of time spent and number of visits compared to the control. When V.unguiculata and A. hypogea volatiles were compared in a dual choice test, the time spent by alatae and apterae in the two olfactometer arms were significantly greater than the time spent in the control arms. However, the aphids did not show any preference for either of the two treatment thus demonstrating that both sets of volatiles have similar attractivity. The aphids were also significantly (P<0.001) repelled by odours from A. indica and D. tripetala compared to control arms in choice tests. This study showed that A. craccivora responded with positive anemotaxis to kairomonal cues emanating from its host plants, V. unguiculata and A. hypogaea, but was repelled by non-host volatiles. The result indicate that A. indica and D. tripetala oils have potential as repellents or a part of the integrated pest management strategies in the control of A. craccivora by resource-poor farmers in the tropics.
Evaluation of Three Methods of Artificial Colony Division in Honeybee, Apis mellifera adansonii (Hymenoptera: Apidae): Initial Response of Daughter Colony
Authors: BABARINDE S. A. , ODEWOLE A. F. , ADEBAYO, T. A. O. , JULIUS I., , OLABODE S. M.
Published: September 2023

One of the major problems facing beginner apiculturists in tropical countries is late colonization of baited hives. Towards providing practical solution to this problem, three methods of artificial colony division were experimented in Ogbomoso (longitude 4°10’E, latitude 8° 10’E), Nigeria, a derived savanna zone, using top bar hives. Hives with strong and active colonies (aged > 12 months) were used as Mother colony and were divided into new hive tagged Daughter colony hives. Division Method A involved placing Daughter colony hive at original place of Mother Colony hive and taking Mother colony hive to a location 30 m away from its original position. Division Method B involved placing Daughter colony hive on top of Mother colony hive, maintaining original position of Mother colony hive and facing opposite direction. Division Method C involved placing Daughter colony hive at a new place, 30 m away from its Mother colony hive. In each of the three methods, three brood combs and four honey combs were placed in the new hive tagged Daughter colony. The remaining space on the hive was filled with empty top bars. Thereafter, corrugated asbestos were used as roofing materials to prevent adverse weather condition. The results indicate that Method A was the best, having significantly (P<0.05) higher Daughter colony weight gain than Methods Band C and having no pest infestation or, intruder. Pests and intruders encountered with Methods Band C were responsible for their failure. The pests were Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille, 1802), Galleria melonella (Linnaeus, 1758) and Aethina tumida Murray 1867, while Brachymeria species (Westwood, 1829) was the only intruder encountered in the study. A. tumida was most frequently encountered while Brachymeria species was least encountered.
Field Evaluation of Two Essential Oils and a Synthetic Insecticide for the Control of some Major Insect Pests of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) In Bauchi State, Nigeria
Authors: WUDIL B.S. , AHMED B.I. , YUSUF S.R.
Published: September 2023

Field studies were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi (10° 17’N, 9° 49’E), during the cropping seasons of 2009 and 2010. The objectives of the experiments were to compare the efficacy of essential oils of neem, Azadracta indica A. Juss. and mahogany, Khaya sensgalensis A. Juss. seeds along with synthetic insecticide, Cymbush + Dimethoate (Cymbush super ED). and their application frequencies in the control of major cowpea insect pests, Maruca vitrata Fab. and Pod sucking bug complex. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a factorial combination of insecticide type (neem and mahogany oils) as main treatment and the application frequency (2, 3 and 4 application frequency) as sub treatment. Each of the treatments along with the control was replicated four times. Results in both seasons revealed that, all the essential oil treatments were significantly (P=0.05) better than the control in reducing population and damage caused by the two insect pests on cowpea. The three and four application frequencies proved better than two application frequency with respect to increase in grain yield. It is therefore, suggested that resource poor farmers should be encouraged to use mahogany oil applied at bud initiation, flowering and 50% podding stages in reducing the population and damage of the two major pests for a significant increase in grain yield relative to control. Thus, this could play a role in the integrated management of the target pests in Bauchi.
Insect Pests of Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook.E) and Their Control with. Neem seed Extracts in Owerri West Area of Imo State
Authors: OJIAKO, F.O. , OPARAEKE-AMADI A.M. , ECHEROBIA C.O. , OGBUEGHU K. O.
Published: September 2023

Field experiments were conducted to determine the insect pests of fluted pumpkin, Telfairia occidentalis at different stages of plant growth and their control with neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed extract. At different stages of growth, the crop was predominantly attacked by grasshoppers such as Zonocerus variegatus Linnaeus and Oedaleus nigeriensis Uvarov. During the early stage of growth (1-4 weeks after transplanting (WAT)), Z variegatus had the highest incidence (1.70 insects) followed by O. nigeriensis (1.60), Pachnoda marginella Fabricus (1.10), Lagria villosa Fabricius (0.80), Homorocoryphus nitidulus Vicinus (0.70) and Epilachna chrysomelina Fabricus (0.50) in that order. Z. variegatus and O. nigeriensis also recorded the highest mean numbers at 5 – 8 and 9 – 12 WAT,which indicated their abundance in the field. Unsprayed plots had higher mean number of insects than plots sprayed with crude neem extracts. At 5 – 8 and 9 -12 WAT, unsprayed plots had the highest mean number of insect pests (16.80 and 17.30) as against the plots sprayed with neem extracts (9.90 and 13.30) respectively. At 10 WAT, the unsprayed plots also had the highest mean number of damaged leaves (4.80) when compared with plots sprayed with neem extract (2.0). It can, therefore, be safely inferred that Z. variegatus, O. nigeriensis, P marginella and L. villosa are the major insect pests of T. occidentalis in Owerri West Area of lmo State which incidence could be greatly reduced by the application of neem seed extracts.
Damage by Asphondylia sesame Felt (Diptera:Cecidomyiidae) to Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Variety and Planting Date at Lafia-Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: AJAYI F.A. , OGUNWOLU E. O. , ADEYEMO M. O. , JAYEOBA O. J. , SANNI H.
Published: September 2023

Varietal and planting date effects on damage by the gall midge, Asphondylia sesame, to sesame was investigated in small plot tests conducted at Lafia, Nigeria, in 2007 and 2008. Three dates of planting, July 26, August 3 and August 10, as main plot treatments, and an early-maturing variety [90 days] variety of sesame, E-8, and a late-maturing one [120 days] Yandev-55, as subplot treatments, were replicated four times in randomized complete block design. Over the two years, incidence of galling ranged from 4.2-17.5% (mean = 11.54%) and it explained 66.6% of the variation in seed yield. The earliest planted plots were the most productive in terms of number of pods (mean = 789.8/5 plants), seed yield (mean = 175.0 kg/ha), and were the least damaged (4.25% galling incidence). One to two weeks delay in planting caused 22.1-34.1 % reduction in podding, 39.1-45.1 % reduction in seed yield, and it increased galling incidence by 171.8-305.9%. Varietal differences were significant (P<0.001) for days to 50% flowering and podding, galling incidence, and seed yield but not significant for pod production (P>0.05). Galling incidence was >2-fold lower and seed yield 1.8-fold higher on Variety E-8 than on Yandev-45. Early planting of E-8 is recommended as a sustainable way of mitigating gall midge damage to sesame.
Globalization and Pest Control: Equipping Nigerian Entomologists for Global Impact.
Authors: OGUNWOLU E.O. , AJAYI F.A. , NWOSU L.C.
Published: September 2023

Globalization is defined as the integration of economic, political, and cultural systems around the world and it is recognized as a force for economic growth. It is powerfully driven by advances in science and technology, information and communication technology, anthropogenic activities of which the most dynamically expanding in frontiers are commerce, tourism, and humanitarian aids. As a consequence, trans-boundary insect pest species are increasing. We enumerate the consequences, economic, ecological and environmental impacts of insect pests on a global scale and posit that the competitiveness of the Nigerian Entomologist as a key player in the knowledge economy that drives national and international trade policies and regulations, national, regional, international pest management programmes is still at a very low ebb. To equip the Nigerian Entomologist for global impact requires designing educational programmes to enhance ability to shape, evaluate and implement policies designed to mitigate challenges of globalization; build both research and management capacity; strengthen and make more impactful contributions to national, regional, and international legal framework on phytosanitation; create and uphold public awareness; and promote international co-operation. We advocate commencement of an Entomology 1st degree programme premised on education for knowledge-driven development and entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the National Executive Council of the Entomological Society of Nigeria is urged to expedite action on the legal framework required to establish the Nigerian Institute of Entomology for the regulation and control of the profession.
Effects of Varietal Differences and Severity of Seed Damage by Callosobruchus maculatus(F.) on the Weight and Germination of Some Improved Cowpea Seeds.
Authors: OJUMOOLA A.O. , ADESIYUN A.A.
Published: September 2023

The effects of varietal differences and severity of seed damage by the cowpea bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus, on the weight and germination of some improved cowpea seeds were investigated in a 5 x 4 factorial experiment laid out in a completely randomized design replicated three times. Five improved cowpea seed varieties, namely, -SAMPEA 6, SAMPEA 7, SAMPEA 9, SAMPEA 10 and SAMPEA 11, were exposed to infestation and damage by C. maculatus. The damaged seeds were sorted, based on the number of exit hole( s) in them, into – no-hole, one hole, two hole, and three-hole groups and thereafter placed on moist tissue paper in Petri dishes. The emergence of radicles and primary leaves 96 hours after placement (HAP) were used as germination indicators. SAMPEA 6 and SAMPEA 7 had the highest and lowest mean weight per seed (207.5mg and 159.2mg) respectively and both differed significantly (P<0.05)from other varieties. SAMPEA6 and SAMPEA 7 both had a significantly higher (P<0.05)mean percentage germination (100.0%) than other varieties based on the emergence of radicles. Similarly, SAMPEA 7 and SAMPEA 11 had the highest mean percentage germination (25.0%) based on the emergence of primary leaves but were significantly different (P<O.OS) from SAMPEA6 and SAMPEA 10 only. The mean weight value (193.7mg) of seeds with no holes differed significantly (P<0.05)from those of seeds with one or more holes. Based on the emergence of radicles and primary leaves, seeds with no hole had highest percentage germination (93.33% and 61.33%) respectively and were significantly (P<0.05)different from those with hole(s). Significant interaction effects were also observed between variety and number of holes at P=0.05.
Estado de la glándula mamaria y su relación con el número de partos en hato reproductor activo porcino
Authors: Linares Díaz Alejandro José , Lázaro Lemus Lissa Yelena
Published: September 2023

PROBLEMA: la productividad de las granjas porcinas, se puede ver afectada por la baja eficiencia en el manejo de selección de hembras que forman el hato reproductor activo, dado que, en ocasiones no se realiza un análisis completo de la glándula mamaria de las cerdas, sin percatarse de la presencia de pezones supernumerarios y mala conformación de los mismos en la línea mamaria, situación que se complica conforme el número de partos de las reproductoras. OBJETIVO: Evaluar el estado de la glándula mamaria de las hembras del hato reproductivo activo porcino y su relación con el número de partos. MÉTODO: el estudio de tipo mixto, se realizó en una granja porcina, mediante el análisis de los animales en pie y los registros de 423 cerdas de la raza Topigs Norsvin (TN60), donde se describe y clasifica el estado del tejido y la línea mamaria de las hembras reproductoras activas y su relación con el número de partos. RESULTADOS: la evaluación permitió observar que los problemas en la forma y funcionalidad de las glándulas mamarias afecta a un 16.55% de la población, incluso llegando a parámetros de “no funcional”, situación que se acentúa conforme se incrementa el número de partos en el animal. CONCLUSIÓN: Al evaluar las glándulas mamarias se observó que las hembras reproductoras activas se ven afectadas en su forma y funcionalidad conforme existe un incremento en el número de partos, principalmente en las cerdas activas del tercer parto en adelante.
IMPACTOS DO APOIO FAMILIAR FRENTE A GESTAÇÃO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA
Authors: Feitosa do Nascimento Ana Carla , Nascimento Bianca Thaís Silva do , Schuler Maria Fernanda de Lemos , Costa Yasmim Ferreira de Araujo , Rodrigues Isabela Carolina dos Santos da Silva , Pereira Ingryd Sandrielle de Lima , Freitas Adrielly Evelyn Ferreira de , Faria Catarina Pioli Lamêgo de , Soares Antonia Pereira , Bastos Eduardo Henrique Sarmento , Costa Ana Carolina Messias de Souza Ferreira da , Yepez Judit Callañaupa
Published: September 2023

OBJETIVO: Elucidar os impactos causados pelo apoio familiar durante a gestação da adolescente. MÉTODO: O presente trabalho consiste em uma revisão de literatura integrativa, utilizada a estratégia PICO, sendo “p” população: adolescentes gestantes ,“I” Avaliação da influência do apoio familiar mediante uma gestação na adolescência, o “C” e “O” Contexto: impacto do apoio familiar durante a gestação de uma adolescente. O filtro utilizado para as buscas foram com os descritores; (Gravidez na adolescência) AND (Apoio Familiar ) AND (Cuidado pré-natal). RESULTADOS: A amostra final foi constituída por 7 estudos que resultaram em dois tópicos para discussão: Falhas na abordagem profissional durante a atenção pré-natal; Sentimentos e dificuldade das adolescentes mediante a ausência do apoio familiar. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível concluir que o apoio familiar tem uma grande influência no cuidado da adolescente no momento da gestação, sendo uma fonte de apoio emocional, financeira, tal qual nas atividades diárias, levando em consideração a necessidade desta família estar ciente dos cuidados que a gestante precisa tomar para dá continuidade a gestação da forma mais saudável possível.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF INVESTMENT BIASES OF RETAIL INVESTORS OF INDIAN CAPITAL MARKET WITH REFERENCE TO GEN Y AND GEN Z
Authors: Mr. Girish. P  , Ms. Vidya. R
Published: September 2023

The research study delves to understand the investment biases exhibited by retail investors in the dynamic Indian capital market, with a specific focus on two influential generational cohorts, Generation Y (Millennials) and Generation Z. The primary objective of this study is to investigate and analyse the various investment biases that affect the decision-making processes of Gen Y (Millennials) and Gen Z retail investors. By employing combine descriptive research design, like collecting data from 120 respondents through structural questionnaires to identify factors contributing to these biases, and analysed their effects on investment decisions. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to the enhancement of investor education programs and develop tailored strategies to enhance financial literacy, promote rational decision-making, and mitigate potential risks associated with biased investment behaviours. Overall, this study highlights the shed light on the implications of investment biases on the financial well-being of Gen Y and Gen Z investors, offering valuable recommendations for financial institutions, regulators, and educators to empower these cohorts in navigating the complex Indian capital market landscape.
KEYWORDS: Investment Biases, Gen Y (Millennials) and Gen Z, Indian Capital Market
DIGITAL ACTIVISM: A TOOL FOR EMPOWERING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Priya Sharma
Published: September 2023

Digital Activism is a new way of protest in the present world, this has swept many wrong doers of the society through a simple click. Digitalization has given power to voice out the trials and tribulations of the people whose voices were shut for centuries, this list includes women, transgenders, gay, lesbians, race victims, caste victims and not to forget People with Disabilities. These minority groups can now easily voice their issues and can sought public support by using internet and technology. According to Wolfensen Berger, the digital society has permitted the voice of the most marginalized to be heard. (Berger, 201) PWD have got better opportunities to live their life in an easier way through the support provided by digital technologies, and they have created a niche for themselves by using digital platforms for activism. This paper deals with various techniques of Digital Activism available for PWD to lead a better life and shout out loud for their rightful place in the society.
KEYWORDS: Digitization, Empowering, Disability, Digital Activism, Minorities, Better Life
Uji Aktivitas Afrodisiaka Sediaan Tablet Effervescent Ekstrak Kombinasi Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) dan Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) pada Mencit Putih Jantan (Mus musculus L.)
Authors: Listina Osie
Published: September 2023

Afrodisiaka merupakan bahan obat dan makanan yang dapat membangkitkan gairah seksual. Tujuan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh efektifitas afrodisiaka dan pengaruh aktifitas afrodisiaka pada sediaan tablet effervescent ekstrak buah pare (Momordica charantia L) dan bawang putih (Allium sativum L) tunggal dan kombinasi terhadap mencit putih jantan (Mus musculus). Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode ICC( introduction, claimbing, coitus) pada 25 ekor mencit jantan galur wistar yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan I sebagai kontrol negatif, yang diberikan aquadest per oral. Kemudian kelompok II diberikan larutan tablet effervescent dosis tunggal buah pare 980mg/KgBB. Selanjutnya kelompok III diberikan larutan tablet effervescent dosis tunggal bawang putih 150mg/KgBB. kelompok perlakuan IV diberikan larutan tablet effervescent kombinasi ½ : ½  ekstrak buah pare 490mg/KgBB dan bawang putih 75mg/kgBB. Kelompok perlakuan V diberikan larutan tablet effervescent kombinasi 1:1 ekstak buah pare 980mg/KgBB dan bawang putih 150mg/KgBB. Kemudian diamati dan dihitung jumlah banyaknya ICC  selama 2 jam. Hasil yang diperoleh kemudan di olah menggunakan SPSS ANOVA dan uji lanjutan Post Hoc. Hasil penelitian menunjukan semua kelompok perlakuan memiliki efek afrodisiaka yang berbeda bermakna, namun ferkuensi aktifitas afrodisiaka terbaik menujukkan pada kombinasi 1: 1 ekstak buah pare 980mg/KgBB dan bawang putih 150mg/KgBB memiliki nilai ferkuensi paling banyak melakukan  metode ICC jika dibandingkan dengan formulasi tablet effervescent lainnya.
Review: Gene of 16S rRNA is the gold standard to diagnose bacteria
Authors: Al-Mozan Hanaa Daaj Khalaf
Published: September 2023

The success of the biochemical tests depends on the purity of the culture, and this requires special preparations for obtaining, transporting and purifying of sample, use of selective media, duration of incubation, temperatures and others and all this takes time and effort.It may require sending slow-growing pathogens to laboratories that provide the requirements for their growth, but they may be far from the source of their collection, and thus it takes a long time to diagnose pathogen. Also, biochemical tests reflect the activity of the gene responsible for the production of a particular substance, and this gene may be present, but it does not work, and therefore the result may be a misdiagnosis. Gene of 16S rRNA is found in all bacteria, and it contains stable regions through which bacteria can be identified, and other variable regions through which bacterial species can be distinguished. As well as, diagnosis of 16S rRNA gene does not require the requirements that are required by biochemical tests for the diagnosis of bacteria, and mutations that occur in this gene do not affect its basic function, which is diagnosis, so 16S rRNA gene is the gold standard for bacterial diagnosis. In principle, it is possible to rely on phenotypic characteristics to diagnose bacteria, but confirmatory diagnosis and registration of new species is done through 16S rRNA gene using polymerase chain reaction.
The Impact of Company Growth, Size, Profitability, and Leverage on Tax Avoidance with Good Corporate Governance as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Rosalin Rizky Fitriana , Chrismastuti Agnes Advensia
Published: September 2023

The research objective is to investigate the impact of Company Growth, Company Size, Profitability, and Leverage on Tax Avoidance with Good Corporate Governance as a moderating variable in Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2017-2021. This study utilizes a quantitative method. The population and sample are obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2017-2021. The research sample comprises 49 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period 2017-2021. Multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS application is employed for data analysis. The results indicate that sales growth, company size, profitability, and leverage have a positive impact on tax avoidance, whereas good corporate governance weakens the influence of Company Growth, Company Size, Profitability, and Leverage on Tax Avoidance.
Analisis Pengaruh World Commodity Price terhadap Harga Bitcoin dengan Indeks Dolar sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Milando Dehan Ocdi , Rahim Rida , Adrianto Fajri
Published: September 2023

Bitcoin merupakan salah satu instrumen investasi yang dapat memberikan keuntungan dan telah mendapatkan izin untuk diperdagangkan oleh Badan Pengawas Perdagangan Berjangka Komoditi Indonesia. Keberadaan investasi mata uang digital kini semakin populer di berbagai belahan dunia, termasuk di Indonesia, yang didorong oleh lonjakan harga yang signifikan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh World Comodity Price terhadap harga Bitcoin. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data time series yang diambil dari laporan transaksi bulanan Bitcoin Januari 2016 sampai dengan Desember 2022, sehingga didapatkan target populasi sebanyak 84 data bulanan untuk yang menjadi sampel penelitian. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi Moderate Regression Analysis (MRA) dan analisis data menggunakan software statistik STATA. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan variabel harga emas dunia berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap harga Bitcoin, sedangkan variabel harga minyak dunia (WTI) dan harga batu bara tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap harga Bitcoin. Indeks dolar (dxy) memperkuat pengaruh positif kenaikan harga emas terhadap harga Bitcoin.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA TEMA 8 SUBTEMA 1 MENGGUNAKAN MODEL INKUIRI BERBANTUAN MEDIA VISUAL DI KELAS IV SDN 100209 TN. SUKARAMAI KEC.ANGKOLA SELATAN KAB. TAPANULI SELATAN
Authors: Ekklesiya Tamba Fransisca , Hasibuan Sukriadi , Rambey Mara Judan
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada tema 8 subtema 1 materi gaya dan gerak di kelas IV SD Negeri 100209 Tn. Sukaramai menggunakan model pembalajaran inkuiri berbantuan media visual. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada tema 8 subtema 1 materi gaya dan gerak di kelas IV SD Negeri 100209 Tn. Sukaramai dengan menggunakan model Inkuiri berbantuan media visual. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan jenis penelitian PTK. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan observasi dan tes. Adapun subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV di SD Negeri 100209 Tn. Sukaramai yang berjumlah 31 orang. Objek penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran Inkuiri berbantuan media visual. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan secara bersiklus pada siklus I hasil belajar siswa yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 20 orang dengan persentase 64,51% sedangkan yang belum mencapai KKM sebanyak 11 orang dengan persentase 35,48%. Dan pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar siswa yang mencapai KKM sebanyak 27 orang dengan persentase 87,09% sedang yang belum mencapai KKM sebanyak 4 orang dengan persentase 12,90%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri berbasis media visual pada tema 8 subtema 1 materi gaya dan gerak di kelas IV SD Negeri 100209 Tn. Sukaramai Kec. Angkola selatan Kab. Tapanuli Selatan dinyatakan berhasil dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS MATERI PENINGGALAN SEJARAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL STAD DI KELAS IV SD NEGERII00I06 SIBANGKUA
Authors: Hasanahhrp Mawaddatul , Sabri Sabri
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran IPS materi peninggalan sejarah menggunakan  model pembelajaran STAD  terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 100106 Sibangkua Tahun Ajaran 2020/2021. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan jenis  penelitian tindakan kelas  (PTK) yang terdapat dua siklus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan  observasi, tes dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 100106 Sibangkua yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis nilai rata-rata pada pembelajaran ips materi  peninggalan sejarah dengan menggunakan model  pembelajaran STAD  nilai rata-rata 70  berada pada kategori “Kurang”. Sesudah menggunakan model pembelajaran STAD nilai rata-rata pada siklus I sebesar 75 dan pada siklus II dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 80 berada pada kategori “Baik”. Dari perbandingan  hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran ips materi peninggalan sejarah kelas IV SD pada siklus I sebesar 60% dan pada siklus II sebesar 90%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran  STAD dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar pada pembelajaran ips materi peninggalan sejarah.
KENDALA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH MELALUI INTERNET DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN HASIL BELAJARA IPA SISWA KELAS VI MATERI GAYA DAN BENDA DI SDN 153075 PINANGSORI 4
Authors: Magdalena Rotua , Zulfadli Zulfadli
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur hubungan antara kendala pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh melalui internet dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VI SDN 153075 Pinangsori 4. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Jenis Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VI SDN 153075 Pinangsori 4 yang berjumlah 33 orang siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Total Sampling. Total sampel adalah 33 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dalam pengambilan data adalah dokumentasi, dan Angket. Teknik analisis data merupakan cara menganalisis data penelitian. Kegiatan analisi data merupakan bagian dari beberapa tahap yang harus dilakukan dalam suatu penelitian. Ada 2 (dua) macam statistik yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan analisis data penelitian kuantitatif yaitu statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial,  Berdasarkan perhitungan kendala pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh melalui internet di SDN 153075 Pinangsori 4 dengan menggunakan angket, diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 85,76 berada pada kategori “Sangat Tinggi”. Gambaran hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VI materi gaya dan benda di SDN 153075 Pinangsori 4 diteroleh nilai rata-rata 58,96 berada pada kategori “kurang”. Melalui perhitungan hipotesis yang ditetapkan diperoleh rhitung sebesar 0,407 apabila dibandingkan dengan rtabel pada taraf kepercayaan 95% atau tingkat kesalahan 0.005% dengan dk = (N – 2) = 33 – 2 = 31, Maka rtabel = 0,344 (0,407 > 0,344). Dan nilai ttabel  = 2.040 maka  thitung  lebih besar dari ttabel (2.488 > 2.040).  Berarti hipotesis diterima atau disetujui. Artinya, terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara kendala pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh melalui internet dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VI materi gaya dan benda di SDN 153075 Pinangsori 4.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK SUBTEMA KEKAYAAN SUMBER ENERGI DI INDONESIA DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI 100106 SIBANGKUA
Authors: Maritho Rizky , Harahap Kasmudin , Nasution Sartika Rati Asmara
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik subtema kekayaan sumber energi di Indonesia dengan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning di kelas IV SD Negeri 100106 Sibangkua. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 100106 Sibangkua. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil belajar pada materi kekayaan sumber energi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah PTK. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian siklus I diketahui hasil observasi pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran PBL sebesar 63.75 yaitu berada pada kategori kurang. Kemudian pada siklus II diperoleh nilai rata-rata 76.25 yakni berada pada kategori baik. Hasil pembelajaran siklus I diketahui jumlah peserta didik  tidak tuntas yaitu sebanyak 9 peserta didik  atau sekitar 44%. Kemudian pembelajaran siklus II jumlah peserta didik  tidak tuntas sebanyak 2 peserta didik  atau 10%. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dari  siklus I ke siklus II.
A Novel Approach for Exam E-assessment Utilizing Image Processing
Authors: - Mohd. Samee Khan , - Mudasir Patel , - Syed Idris Hussaini , - Neha Hasan
Published: September 2023

There is a brand-new feature called Exam (Infinity Exam) that supports paper-based exams and speeds up the entire process while maintaining all of their beneficial qualities and minimizing their drawbacks, notably in higher education. The method is very different from those employed in the earlier 10+ years, which were implemented in a way that prevented them from replicating and supplanting the conventional paper-based examination format. The article's core relies on the image processing flow, which is the most crucial component of the software.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) have been a more common method of testing someone's knowledge over time. The use of multiple choice questions in exams is becoming more widespread in the education sector (including in schools and colleges). It is employed even when conducting interviews. The current scenario involves either manually correcting the test or using OMR technology. Having OMR at all times in real time is rather challenging, and manually correcting it takes a lot of effort and could result in a mistake. We address this issue by applying a digital image processing technique in our proposed system to correct the response using multiple-choice questions written in Python. Here, we are processing data using Open-Source Computer Vision Library (OpenCV).
An Efficient Approach for Interpretation of Indian Sign Language using Machine Learning
Authors: - Rasha Anjum , - Amatun Noor Sadaf , - Maheen Sami , - Kamel Alikhan Siddiqui
Published: September 2023

Non-verbal communication involves the usage of Sign Language. The sign language is used by people with hearing / speech disabilities to express their thoughts and feelings. But normally, people find it difficult to understand the hand gestures of the specially challenged people as they do not know the meaning of the sign language gestures. Usually, a translator is needed when a speech / hearing impaired person wants to communicate with an ordinary person and vice versa. In order to enable the specially challenged people to effectively communicate with the people around them, a system that translates the Indian Sign Language (ISL) hand gestures of numbers (1-9), English alphabets (A-Z) and a few English words to understandable text and vice versa has been proposed in this paper. This is done using image processing techniques and Machine Learning algorithms. Different neural network classifiers are developed, tested and validated for their performance in gesture recognition and the most efficient classifier is identified.
Detecting Fake News Using Machine Learning
Authors: - Mohammed Obaid , - Md. Salman Areeb , - Mir Wajahat Ali Khan , - Batchu Nagalakshmi , - Kadime Deepthi
Published: September 2023

Online media cooperation particularly the word getting out around the organization is an incredible wellspring of data these days. From one's point of view, its insignificant effort, direct access, and speedy scattering of data that lead individuals to watch out and global news from web sites. Twitter being a champion among the most notable progressing news sources moreover winds up a champion among the most prevailing news emanating mediums. It is known to cause broad damage by spreading pieces of tattle beforehand. Therefore, motorizing fake news acknowledgment is rudimentary to keep up healthy online media and casual association. We proposes a model for perceiving manufactured news messages from twitter posts, by making sense of how to envision exactness examinations, considering automating fashioned news distinguishing proof in Twitter datasets. Subsequently, we played out a correlation between five notable Machine Learning calculations, similar to Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayes Method, Logistic Regression and Recurrent Neural Network models, independently to exhibit the effectiveness of the grouping execution on the dataset. Our exploratory outcome indicated that SVM and Naïve Bayes classifier beats different calculation.
Ballistic Thermoelectricity
Authors: Stanislav Ordin
Published: September 2023

The analysis of Local thermo-EMF in p-n junctions made it possible to reveal the phenomenological features of ballistic thermoelectricity. By the Curie Symmetry Principle, in polar structures of p-n junctions, the thickness of which is of the order of the electron mean free path, the contribution of ballistic effects to the formation of the total EMF is decisive. This ballistic contribution to thermo-EMF provides both high output voltages and high efficiency of DIRECT energy conversion.
Public Gardens and Well-Being: The Case of the Raffaoui Archaeological Garden of Setif, Algeria
Authors: Meziane Imane , Madani Said , Diafet Azzouz
Published: September 2023

The existence of a space dedicated to nature and gardens in the city enhances the living environment of its inhabitants, preserves biodiversity, and limits urban pollution. This work is based on the analysis of Raffaoui Garden (Ex-Barral) and its location in the historical city center of Setif, Algeria. It is one of the historical markers of the city’s stratification of civilizations, marked by the archaeological character of the nymph inherited from the Roman period. In this study, the methodology used is based on a combination of a historical approach, observation, and a questionnaire addressed to the users of the garden. The first results show the importance of nature as an element of differentiation through the aesthetics it brings to the historic center of Setif. They also reveal the lack of urban furniture necessary in this kind of public space. From a functional point of view, the frequentation and use of the park are mainly limited to 50- and 60-year-olds, former residents, and some visitors, despite its location in the city center. This study confirms the environmental benefits of public gardens in terms of mitigating heat islands and improving air quality, although they offer a space cleared by urban planning in the city center. The improvement of their attractiveness can encourage visitors to walk there, observe the local life, or simply contemplate the ecological quality of these spaces and, in particular, the archaeological heritage that coexists with the modern urbanization of Setif.
Utathmini wa Maudhui katika Nyimbo Teule za Newton Kariuki
Authors: Ireri John Muriuki , Ntiba Onesmus
Published: September 2023

Makala hii inahusu utathmini wa maudhui katika nyimbo teule za msanii Newton Kariuki. Nyimbo ni moja wapo ya njia zinazotumiwa na wasanii kuwaslisha ujumbe unaowahusu jamii. Utafiti huu ulitumia nadharia ya mseto, yaani nadharia ya umtindo ile ya udenguzi. Nadharia ya umtindo inasisitiza kuwa lugha ina sehemu mbili zinazodhihirika katika usemaji; lugha ni dhahiri na dhahania. Aidha, nadharia ya udenguzi huashiria mgogoro usiosuluhika uliopa baina ya usemi balagha na mawazo kwamba kuna pengo kati ya inachokusudia kusema kazi ya fasihi na inacholazimika au kuelekezwa kusema. Hivyo kuna mvuto katika ya usemi na mantiki. Utafiti ulichukua muundo wa kimaelezo. Mtafiti aliteua kimakusudi jumla ya nyimbo kumi zilizoimbwa na mwanamuziki Newton Kariuki, yaani tano za Kiswahili na tano za Kimbeere. Kutokana na jumla ya nyimbo hamsini alizokuwa ameimba kufikia muda wa kufanya utafiti. Data ilikusanywa kwa kuzingatia kigezo cha yaliyomo. Waaidha, data ilichanganuliwa na kuwasilishwa kwa njia ya kimaelezo. Matokeo ya utafiti ni kuwa sampuli iliyoteuliwa ilisheheni maudhui ya mapenzi, ndoa na familia, migogoro katika ndoa, kuporomoka kwa maadili, uongozi na siasa, umaskini, uhalifu, mawaidha, UKIMWI na dini na imani. Maudhui haya yaliakisi maisha katika ulimwengu wa kiuhalisia. Umuhimu wa makala hii ni kuwa matokeo haya yanadhihirisha kuwa mwimbaji yeyote halengi tu kuburudisha bali kuelimisha. Hivyo makala hii inapendekeza utafiti wa baadae ufanywe kwa kuzingatia mahusiano ya uwezo wa kiuana katika sampuli teule
Implementation Of the Guided Inquiry Approach on Temperature and Head Material in Class VII Semester I SMP Santa Maria Palangka Raya Academic Year 2019/2020.
Authors: Widiastuti Florentina , Budi Gunarjo S , Wijayanti Enny
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe: (1) students' science process skills; and (2) completeness of student learning outcomes after the guided inquiry approach is applied to the material temperature and heat. This research is a pre-experimental research using a One-Shot Case Study design. The study population was class VII SMP Santa Maria Palangkaraya Academic Year 2019/2020. The research sample is class VII-1 with a total of 25 students. The instrument used in this study was the KPS and THB cognitive observation sheets. The results of KPS data analysis for all groups averaged 81.65% (good category).The highest KPS for each aspect of the first meeting is aspect 2 (3.4) and the lowest aspect is aspect 4 and 5 (2.4). The second meeting of the higest aspect is aspect 5 and 6 (3.8) and the lowest aspect is aspect 7 (3). The highest aspect at the third meeting is aspect 2, 3, 4, and 6 (3.8) and the lowest aspect is aspect 1 and 7 (3.4). Mastery learning individually obtained 17 students completed and 8 students not completed from 25 students who took the test. Classically, learning is not complete because only 68.00% of students are complete and have not yet reached the classical completeness standard of ? 75%. Specific learning objectives (TPK) obtained 27 TPK (81.18%) completed and 6 TPK (18.82%) incomplete from 33 TPK used. This shows that the guided inquiry approach has a positive effect on the science process skills of students but is still not able to achieve the maximum completeness of learning outcomes on the material temperature and heat.
Identification of Students' Mistakes in Solving the Limit Function Problems for Class XI SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya
Authors: Agustin Dewanti Putri  , Walter Punding  , M. Hamdani
Published: September 2023

This research is motivated by the fact that many students of class XI make mistakes in solving the Limit Function problem. The aims of this research are 1) to describe the mistakes made by the students of class XI MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya in solving Function Limit questions; 2) describe the cause of students in class XI MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya making mistakes in solving Function Limit questions.

The type of research used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in the even semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The subjects of this study were 34 students of class XI MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya, then 4 students were selected to be interviewed. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. The process of taking test data online uses Google Classroom, while interviews are conducted online via WhatsApp. The test in this study was in the form of 5 items on Limit of Algebraic Functions which had previously been reviewed by three raters, namely two lecturers of the Mathematics Education Study Program at the University of Palangka Raya and one mathematics teacher at SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya with the result that all items could be used. Data analysis is used by reduction, data presentation, and concluding.

Based on the results of the study, the errors made by students in solving the Limit Function problems lie in the following aspects: (a) conceptual errors, including errors in understanding and applying the concept of limits consisting of definitions and theorems of limits; (b) procedural errors made by students include; errors in writing regular work steps, errors in manipulating algebraic forms, factoring and rationalizing root forms, algebraic operations and errors in calculations. The cause of errors in solving the problem of limit algebraic functions is that students do not understand and master the prerequisite material needed in learning the limit of algebraic functions. Thus causing students not to understand the concept of limits such as the use of theorems that limit algebraic functions. In addition, students are still not thorough in understanding the meaning of the problem and have not mastered the operations of numbers with different signs.