bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Endoscopy in Determining Rectal Tumor Proximity to the Peritoneal Reflection
Authors: Sandilos Georgianna , Kooragayala Keshav , Zhu Clara , Menger Austin , Daneshpooy Saba , Gefen Ron , Kovacs James , Giugliano Danica , Kwiatt Michael , McClane Steven
Published: March 2023

Purpose
Treatment of invasive rectal adenocarcinoma is stratified into upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, in part, based on tumor distance from the anal verge (AV). This study examines the correlation between tumor distance measurements (endoscopic and MRI) and relationship to the anterior peritoneal reflection (APR) on MRI.
Methods
A single-center retrospective study was performed at a tertiary center accredited by the National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC). 162 patients with invasive rectal cancer were seen between October of 2018 and April of 2022. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for MRI and endoscopic measurements in their ability to predict tumor location relative to the APR.
Results
119 patients had tumors endoscopically and radiographically measured from the AV. Pelvic MRI characterized tumors as above (intraperitoneal) or at/straddles/below the APR (extraperitoneal). True positives were defined as extraperitoneal tumors < 10cm. True negatives were defined as intraperitoneal tumors > 10cm. Endoscopy was 81.9% sensitive and 64.3% specific in predicting tumor location with respect to the APR. MRI was 86.7% sensitive and 92.9% specific. Utilizing a 12cm cutoff, sensitivity of both modalities increased (94.3%, 91.4%) but specificity decreased (50%, 64.3%).
Conclusion
For locally invasive rectal cancers, tumor position relative to the APR is an important factor in determining the role of neoadjuvant therapy. These results suggest endoscopic tumor measurements do not accurately predict tumor location relative to the APR, and may lead to incorrect treatment stratification. When the APR is not identified, MRI-reported tumor distance may be a better predictor of this relationship.
Resin yield response to different tapping methods and stimulant pastes in Pinus pinaster Ait
Authors: López-Álvarez Óscar , Zas Rafael , Martínez Enrique , Marey-Perez Manuel
Published: March 2023

Selecting the best resin tapping method and stimulant paste in the resin tapping process is crucial. In timber-oriented rainy Atlantic pine forests of north-west Spain, the interest in resin tapping is raising but information on the best tapping methods and pastes is still lacking. In this study, an appropriate experimental design used on five representative plots of Pinus pinaster, allowed us to explore the resin productive differences between two tapping methods (traditional Spanish method and circular groove) and three stimulant treatments (control, Ethephon and ASACIF). The use of a standardized measure of resin yield allowed to adequately compare methods differing in groove length. Results indicated that the standard resin yield was 1.43 times greater with the traditional method than with the circular groove method. The two stimulant pastes drastically increased resin yield (up to 6 fold) in all sites and for all tapping methods. The effectiveness of the paste was also influenced by the tapping method, obtaining greater increases in resin yield after the application of stimulant paste in trees with the circular groove method. Resin yield was only slightly related to the dasometric variables and varied among test sites when no pastes were used, but differences among sites disappeared when stimulant pastes were used. Our results contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in resin performance and the technological development of the sector.
The immunogenicity identification and adherence characterization analysis of acetate kinase of Mycoplasma synoviae
Authors: Yue Yahui , Ma Haiyun , Zhang Li , Zhao Yunhai , Wang Qing , He Xiaoxiao , Xing Xiaoyong , Wu Xiaochun , Bao Shijun
Published: March 2023

Background: Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is a major pathogen that leads to a significant economic loss to the world’s industry of poultry. Acetate kinase (ACK) is a member of the key pathway for acetyl-CoA synthesis in bacteria, but its role in MS maintains unknown.
Results: The immunogenicity assay and complement-dependent mycoplasmacidal assay identified recombinant protein MS ACK (rMS ACK) as an immunogenic protein. The distribution of ACK was localized to both the cytoplasm and membrane of MS detected by Western blot and ELISA. Meanwhile, adherence and adherence inhibition assay indicated that the rMS ACK could directly adhere to DF-1 cells, and anti-rMS ACK serum could effectively inhibit the adherence of MS to DF-1 cells.
Conclusion: The immunogenicity and adhesion characterization of ACK membrane protein were analyzed for the first time, enhancing the understanding of the pathogenicity of MS infection.
Compact portable higher harmonic generation microscopy for the real time assessment of fresh thyroid tissue
Authors: Kok S. D. , Schaap P. M. Rodriguez , Dommelen L. , Huizen L. M.G. , Dickhoff C. , Nieveen-Dijkum E. M. , Engelsman A.F. , Valk P. van der , Groot M.L.
Published: March 2023

During thyroid surgery fast and reliable intra-operative pathological feedback has the potential to avoid a two-stage procedure and significantly reduce health care costs in patients undergoing a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT). However, with current techniques, intra-operative assessment of histopathological characteristics is not always reliable within the operation time. Therefore, there is an urgent need for techniques that provide the surgeon with better pathological feedback during the operation. As a step towards this purpose, the potential of higher harmonic generation (HHG) microscopy, which combines second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) is explored. We used a compact, portable HHG microscope to record images of freshly excised healthy tissue, benign nodules (follicular adenoma) and malignant tissue (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma). The SHG/THG/MPEF images were generated on unprocessed tissue within minutes, typically, a 10 by 10 mm² area was acquired within 10 minutes. The SHG/THG/MPEF images show relevant morphological thyroid structures in good accordance with the histology images. The thyroid follicle architecture, cells, cell nuclei (THG), collagen organization (SHG) and the distribution of thyroglobulin and/or thyroid hormones T3 or T4 (MPEF) could be visualized. We conclude that SHG/THG/MPEF imaging is a promising tool for clinical intraoperative assessment of thyroid tissue. More patients need to be included, to assess the feasibility of HHGM to determine capsular or vascular invasion, features essential for intra-operative thyroid cancer diagnosis.
Introspection dynamics in asymmetric multiplayers games
Authors: Couto Marta C. , Pal Saptarshi
Published: March 2023

Evolutionary game theory and models of learning provide a powerful framework to describe strategic decision-making in social interactions. In the simplest case, these models describe games among two identical players. However, many interactions in everyday life are more complex. They involve more than two players who may differ in their available actions and in their incentives to choose each action. Such interactions can be captured by asymmetric multiplayer games. Recently, introspection dynamics has been introduced to explore such asymmetric games. According to this dynamics, at each time step players compare their current strategy to an alternative strategy. If the alternative strategy results in a payoff advantage, it is more likely adopted. This model provides a simple way to compute the players’ long-run probability of adopting each of their strategies. In this paper, we extend some of the previous results of introspection dynamics for 2-player asymmetric games to games with arbitrarily many players. First, we derive a formula that allows us to numerically compute the stationary distribution of introspection dynamics for any multiplayer asymmetric game. Second, we obtain explicit expressions of the stationary distribution for two special cases. These cases are additive games (where the payoff difference that a player gains by unilaterally switching to a different action is independent of the actions of their co-players), and symmetric multiplayer games with two strategies. To illustrate our results, we revisit several classical games such as the public goods game.
Formation of Wear-Protective Tribofilms on Different Steel Surfaces During Lubricated Sliding
Authors: Khan Arman Mohammad , Ahmed Jannat , Liu Shuangbiao , Martin Tobias , Berkebile Stephen , Chung Yip-Wah , Wang Q. Jane
Published: March 2023

We report here the impact of different alloying elements in steels on friction and wear behavior by performing ball-on-flat lubricated reciprocating tribotesting experiments on 52100 ball on steel flats with different compositions (52100, 1045, A2, D2, M2, and a specialty Cu-alloyed steel) heat-treated to give similar hardness and microstructure, with polyalphaolefin (PAO-4) as the lubricant. There are small variations of coefficient of friction among these alloys. The major observation is that steels containing high concentrations (≥ 10 wt.%) of Cr, Mo, and V gave rise to markedly reduced wear compared with 52100 or plain carbon steels. D2 steel, which contains 11.5 wt.% Cr as the major alloying element was the most wear-resistant. The wear resistance is strongly correlated with the efficiency of formation of carbon-containing oligomeric films at specimen surfaces as determined by Raman spectroscopy. This correlation holds for steels heat-treated to have higher hardness and with n-dodecane, a much less viscous lubricant compared with PAO-4. Given the strong affinity of chromium to oxygen, chromium should exist as Cr2O3 at the steel surfaces during testing. We have performed molecular dynamics simulation on Cr2O3 and demonstrated its ability to catalyze the formation of carbon-containing oligomeric films from hydrocarbon molecules, consistent with its known catalytic activity in other hydrocarbon reactions. We believe that chromium-containing alloys, such as D2, and coatings, such as CrN, derive their wear resistance in part from the efficient in-situ formation of wear-protective carbon tribofilms at contacting asperities.
Electro-blood circulation fusing gold and alumina nanoparticles in a diverging fatty artery
Authors: Karmakar Poly , Das Sanatan
Published: March 2023

Emerging bio-microfluidic systems are embracing electroosmosis mechanisms to supervise ionized physiological fluids. Impelled by the exploration of electro-micro-pumping mechanisms in bio-engineering domains, in the present inquisition, a research policy associated with hemodynamical deportment of blood circulation under suspension of gold and alumina nanoparticles in a diverging fatty artery subject to electro-osmotic driving forces is conducted. The exact solutions of the resulting model equations associated with the proposed wall conditions are acquired in terms of Bessel functions under larger wavelength and a smaller ratio of inertial and viscous force. Numerical integration is computed through the NDSolve technique. Plotting and elaboration are performed to explore the physical insight into hemodynamics under diverse parametric aspects. Crucial findings of the study include that a raised electro-osmotic parameter elevates the intensity of blood streaming in the core zone of the artery and it established a declining pattern in the close vicinity of the arterial wall. The parameters linked with electroosmosis contribute to thermal emaciation of blood streaming in the artery. The heat transmission rate across the arterial wall sharply declines for ascending values of the electro-osmotic parameter and Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity. The structure of blood boluses is also outlined under the impact of involved parameters in brief. Pure blood offers less size and number of blood boluses near the arterial wall compared to hybrid nano-blood. From a bio-engineering point of view, the modelling study can contribute significantly to biomechanical and medical processes and therapeutic implications.
Hamiltonian cycles and travelling salesfolk
Authors: Gomez Alberto Gomez
Published: March 2023

A method is given in this paper that makes it easier to solve both the Hamiltonian cycle problem and the travelling salesman problem in any number of space dimensions and in both their directed and undirected varieties.
MSC Codes: Primary – 05C45; Secondary – 05C85, 05C05, 68R10, 68Q17
Towards a Consistent Representation of Contradictions within Health Data for Efficient Implementation of Data Quality Assessments
Authors: Yusuf Khalid O. , Hanß Sabine , Krefting Dagmar
Published: March 2023

Contradictions as a data quality indicator are typically understood as impossible combinations of values in interdependent data items. While the handling of a single dependency between two data items is well established, for more complex interdependencies, there is not yet a common notation or structured evaluation method established to our knowledge. For the definition of such contradictions, specific biomedical domain knowledge is required, while informatics domain knowledge is responsible for the efficient implementation in assessment tools. We propose a notation of contradiction patterns that reflects the provided and required information by the different domains. We consider three parameters (α, β, θ): the number of interdependent items as α, the number of contradictory dependencies defined by domain experts as β, and the minimal number of required Boolean rules to assess these contradictions as θ. Inspection of the contradiction patterns in existing R packages for data quality assessments shows that all six examined packages implement the (2,1,1) class. We investigate more complex contradiction patterns in the biobank and COVID-19 domains showing that the minimum number of Boolean rules might be significantly lower than the number of described contradictions. While there might be a different number of contradictions formulated by the domain experts, we are confident that such a notation and structured analysis of the contradiction patterns helps to handle the complexity of multidimensional interdependencies within health data sets. A structured classification of contradiction checks will allow scoping of different contradiction patterns across multiple domains and effectively support the implementation of a generalized contradiction assessment framework.
Blockchain, Corporate Structure, and Financial Intermediation
Authors: Arshadi Nasser
Published: March 2023

This paper reviews and synthesizes corporate finance and financial intermediation literature by highlighting transaction costs as a determining factor in their evolution. It then introduces blockchain as a potentially powerful technology that can significantly reduce transaction costs
and therefore affect the structure of corporations and financial intermediaries. Modern corporations strive to coordinate functions internally to minimize transaction costs. And financial intermediaries attempt to resolve the information asymmetry problem among transacting parties. Over time,
however, corporations and financial intermediation have been settled with the remaining incentive problems and their associated costs. For example, some financial in- termediaries have committed fraud by timing their trades ahead of their customers, others by misquoting interest rates, and
a few by fleecing customers by issuing unwanted credit cards. Regulators protecting customers often appear to be one step behind in preempting these intermediaries from wrongdoing. After introducing blockchain technology and explaining how it works, this paper examines the application of blockchain
in real-estate finance, demonstrating how it can reduce or eliminate the role of multiple intermediaries in executing transactions.
YERALTI KÖMÜR İŞLETMELERİNDE ÇALIŞANLARIN İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ ALGILARININ BELİRLENMESİ: MALATYA İLİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ŞAHİN Orçun , CANER AKIN Güfte
Published: March 2023

İş Sağlığı ve güvenliği (İSG) alanında yapılan çalışmaların tümü, iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarını azaltmayı ve bu sayede sosyal politika ve güvenceye de katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Yeraltı kömür işletmeciliği, Türkiye’de iş kazası sıklığının yüksek olduğu sektörler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada yeraltı kömür işletmelerinde çalışan bireylerin iş sağlığı ve güvenliği algısının yeterlilik düzeyinin ortaya koyulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma evreni, 1 Aralık 2021-1 Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında Malatya ilinde faaliyet gösteren yeraltı kömür işletmeleri çalışanları (n=59) olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemi ise %95 güven düzeyi ve 0,5 güven aralığı ile 52 katılımcıdan oluşmuştur. Veriler IBM SPSS 24.0 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) paket programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre orijinal ölçekte kullanılan 3 boyuttan farklı olmak üzere yer altı kömür işletmelerinde çalışanlarda İSG algıları; farkındalık, iletişim, risk algısı, eğitim, çalışma ortamı ve iş kazaları olmak üzere 6 boyuttan oluşacak şekilde kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada boyutlara göre değişkenlerin farklılık gösterip göstermediği ve boyutlar arasındaki ikili ilişkiler ortaya konarak, yeraltı kömür işletmesinde çalışanların İSG algılarının geliştirilmesi için öneriler sunulmuştur. Bu çalışma, birinci yazarın aynı İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği anabilim dalındaki aynı başlıklı yüksek lisans tezinden türetilmiştir.
The power and type I error of Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Welch's t, and student's t tests for Likert-type data
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Ahmet Salih
Published: March 2023

Likert-type item is the most popular response format for collecting data in social, educational, and psychological studies through scales or questionnaires. However, there is no consensus on whether parametric or non-parametric tests should be preferred when analyzing Likert-type data. This study examined the statistical power of parametric and non-parametric tests when each Likert-type item was analyzed independently in survey studies. The main purpose of the study is to examine the statistical power of Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Welch's t, and Student's t tests for Likert-type data, which are pairwise comparison tests. For this purpose, a Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted. The statistical significance of the selected tests was examined under the conditions of sample size, group size ratio, and effect size. The results showed that the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was superior to its counterparts, especially for small samples and unequal group sizes. However, the Student's t-test for Likert-type data had similar statistical power to the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test under conditions of equal group sizes when the sample size was 200 or more. Consistent with the empirical results, practical recommendations were provided for researchers on what to consider when collecting and analyzing Likert-type data.
The bibliometric journey of IJATE from local to global
Authors: KARAMUSTAFAOĞLU Orhan , ORBAY Metin , KARA İzzet
Published: March 2023

International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education (IJATE) is one of the educational journals that is indexed in major worldwide databases such as Web of Science (WoS) and ERIC. This study presents the bibliometric characteristics of articles published in IJATE between 2014 and 2021 through the bibliometric analyses. Harzing's “Publish or Perish software” was used to collect citation data from WoS and Google Scholar databases as a tool to analyze the impact of articles. Firstly, when contributing institutions are analyzed, especially in recent, it is seen that researchers from countries such as France and Kuwait have been contributing to the journal with publications produced through international collaboration. Moreover, when the average citation numbers per article is calculated, it is understood that Australia (13) and Canada (3.5) are the countries that contribute significantly to the visibility of the journal. Such a trend will contribute significantly to the international recognition of the journal soon. On the other hand, there is a statistically significant positive relationship (r=0.339; p<0.01) between usage count and the number of citations by WoS. Our results reveal that while the number of references used in the articles was in consistent with the literature, the average article title lengths (12±3) were slightly longer than the ideal length (10±3). The results will provide important contributions to editors, reviewers, and authors in the journey of IJATE from local to global. The findings can guide authors, the editors and referees and also serve as a potential roadmap for the future studies and journal.
Raw Food Additives and Preservation among Traders in Enugu Metropolis
Authors: Odo Chinenye C , Obi Valentine T , Obu Ugochukwu E , Obidiegwu Jonathan I
Published: March 2023

Background: Food additives and preservation methods are practices employed during the production or processing of food, to improve its appearance, taste, and other qualities of concern. While some of these provide nutritional benefits or improve food safety, others are known to pose potential health risks and cause harm to the human body.
Objective: The overall objective of this study is to profile and analyze the practice and perception of health effects of raw food additives and preservation methods, among traders in Enugu metropolis.
Methodology: New market and Old Artisan were the two markets selected in Enugu North Local Government Area, from which 402 raw food traders were selected using a multi staged sampling method. A semi structured questionnaire was administered over two weeks in this descriptive cross-sectional study to traders who deal in palm oil, beans, maize, rice, pawpaw, orange and banana (at least 57 traders per food item).
Result: A total of 402 traders (minimum of 57 for each food item) were studied. commonest practice for preventing palm oil spoilage was by Enugu metropolis traders was by addition of salt [21 traders (36.8%)], and for reddening their oil, addition of red food color (tartrazine)[24 traders (42.1%)], while For improving the quantity of their palm oil, water was added [15 traders (26.3%)]. To improve taste, the commonest additive was salt [23 traders (40.4%)]. The commonest preservation method used for grains against weevil by Enugu metropolis traders is use of pesticides; beans [8 - 23 traders (14.0% - 40.4%)]. The commonest additive added in grains to prevent spoilage by Enugu traders is Aluminum Phosphide; [9 - 27 traders (15.8% - 47.4%)]. The commonest additive used by Enugu metropolis traders to ripen their fruits was Calcium carbide (3.4% - 19.0%). The commonest methods employed in ripening fruits among Enugu traders was wrapping in an airtight polythene bag [4 - 29 traders, (6.9% - 50.0%)]. Red paint was the commonest additive perceived to be harmful by palm oil traders (11, 19.3%). This is followed closely by red food color tartrazine (8, 14.0%). DDVP was the commonest additive perceived to be harmful by most grain sellers [8 - 16 out of 57 respondents (14.0% - 28.1%)] . Calcium carbide was the commonest fruit additive perceived to be harmful by most fruit sellers [1 - 7 out of 57 respondents (1.7% - 12.1%)].
Conclusion: Overall, the use of unsafe additives and preservation methods were noted among the respondents. Many of whom did not perceive any harmfulness associated with the use of these additives. The findings agree with several similar studies in the past, and recommendations to the traders, consumers, governmental and non-governmental agencies have therefore been made.
The impact of environmental costs on financial performance: An explorative analysis of two plastic companies
Authors: Freddy Aliamutu Kansilembo , Bhana Anrusha , Suknunan Sachin
Published: March 2023

There is little research on the impact of environmental costs on plastic manufacturing companies’ financial performance and sustainability. This paper aims to explore the relationship between environmental costs and financial performance of two large national plastic manufacturing companies, namely Bowler Metcalf Limited (BML) and Nampak Ltd, between 2018 and 2019 since research allows for five year old information. Further, the study used pre-Covid-19 data to conceptualize. It adopted a qualitative method of inquiry using content analysis to analyze the financial statements and reports of the two companies (secondary data analysis) available in the public domain. The interpretative analysis further supported the analysis and interpretation of the two variables of environmental costs and financial performance. The results showed a positive relationship between environmental costs and profits in the financial statements of these two companies during 2018 and 2019. BML had a decrease in plastic penalties from R 23.171 million in 2018 to R 14.596 million in 2019, which supported a reduction in spending on legal and constructive obligation items. Nampak also decreased stakeholders’ equity from R 10,140.3 million in 2018 to R 8,932.33 million in 2019, which meant that the stakeholders’ equity funds were reduced, possibly due to reduced spending on environmental costs during that period. It can be concluded and established that when these two plastic companies spend more on environmental costs, this positively affects overall financial performance and improves financial sustainability. It is recommended to allocate more resources/funding to support environmental costs to increase the profitability of the two plastic manufacturing companies.
Ukraine in the migration system of Europe: transformations in a time of independence
Authors: Malynovska Olena , Molodikova Irina
Published: March 2023

This paper deals with the process of Ukraine’s inclusion in the EU migration system, in light of the country’s further integration with Europe. The study highlights changes in the behaviour of migrants, brought about by the fresh opportunities that have opened up for Ukrainians in Western countries. The development of EU-oriented Ukrainian labour emigration has occurred in several stages and has been influenced both by the internal situation in Ukraine and by the position of European countries of destination, their interest in the Ukrainian labour force and their partnership with Ukraine. Labour migration flows from Ukraine are gradually being reoriented from Russia to the West. Important factors in this reorientation have been Russia’s annexation of Crimea, the conflict in Donbass in 2014 and especially the full-scale invasion of Russian troops in 2022. This has all undoubtedly affected the characteristics of migration, and the integration and future behaviour of migrants from Ukraine.
Keywords: Ukraine, migration, negative consequences of migration
A magyarországi, roma kötődésű népesség előreszámítása 2050-ig
Authors: Obádovics Csilla
Published: March 2023

Tanulmányunkban egy, a 2011-ben népszámlálási adatokból becsült „roma kötődésű” népesség 2050-ig tartó előreszámítására teszünk kísérletet. A roma kisebbség egyes csoportjai nem csupán tradíciókban, kultúrában, viselkedésben, életmódban térnek el a többségi társadalomtól, de a főbb demográfiai paramétereik is jelentősen eltérnek a többségi társadalom mutatóitól (pl. termékenység, halandóság). Az ország lakosságszáma 1980 óta csökken, a halálozás meghaladja a születések számát, ellenben a romák esetében még mindig természetes szaporodásról beszélhetünk. Ez azt eredményezi, hogy a magyarországi népességben a romák aránya folyamatosan nő. Ezért kiemelten fontos annak ismerete, hogy a jövőben mi várható ezen speciális népcsoport esetében. Az általunk kidolgozott forgatókönyvek folyamatosan növekvő, de közben mérsékelten öregedő népességet vetítenek előre. Az előreszámítás alapváltozata szerint a 2011. évre becsült 554 ezer „roma kötődésű” népesség száma 679 ezer főre emelkedhet 2050-re. Így a „roma kötődésű” népesség aránya Magyarországon 9% is lehet 2050-ben. A legalacsonyabb változat szerint 654 ezer, míg a legmagasabb változat szerint 805 ezer „roma kötődésű” személy fog élni Magyarországon 2050-ben.. Minden korcsoportban emelkedik a „roma kötődésűek” aránya az össznépességen belül. 2011-ben a megszületett gyermekek 11,9%-a volt „roma kötődésű”, 2050-re ez az arány akár 12,4%-ra is nőhet az alapforgatókönyv szerint.
Optimization of the operation of water distribution systems with emphasis on the joint optimization of pumps and reservoirs
Authors: Batista do Egito Tuane , de Azevedo José Roberto Gonçalves , Marques Bezerra Saulo de Tarso
Published: March 2023

The high costs generated by water supply systems’ pumping stations has generated great concerns regarding concessionaire companies in the sector. Improvements to increase these systems’ efficiency and consequently reduce electricity costs have been the objective of several researchers and technicians responsible for the sector. Given the many elements that compose these systems, finding the best operational rules is frequently a complex activity. In this context, the present work includes an optimization model based on genetic algorithms that combine the efficient use of reservoirs with the best operational rule for activating pumping systems. The results indicate that with better use of the water storage infrastructure, it is possible to reduce costs for the electricity of the system as a whole.
Research on the efficiency of machine learning in signal point monitoring
Authors: Kanarsky V. A.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Railway signalling automation devices have been around for quite some time. Many systems in operation are considered obsolete. At the same time, modernization does not cover the whole Russian railway system. The deployment of monitoring systems since the beginning of the 2000s made the maintenance of bulky signalling systems more comfortable, reduced the time of fault detection. The second decade of the 21-st century saw a widespread deployment of information technologies in various spheres of life, including industry, yet at a slower pace, especially in railway transportation. One of the innovations was the emergence of the artificial intelligence, which enabled more progressive maintenance of devices through prediction of pre-failure states. The latter allows notification of technical personnel by an intelligent system that processes significant parameters of the observed facility or process, thereby replacing manual monitoring that requires time and professional experience.

Aim. To suggest the use of artificial intelligence-based methods in railway signalling devices based on the existing technical diagnostics and monitoring systems. Methods. Python-based unsupervised machine  learning methods are used to create, process and visualise data.

Results. The AI models showed a reaction to anomalous changes in the temporal characteristics of code generators.

Conclusion. An AI-enabled program can serve as the core for processing data related to the monitoring of railway signalling devices and requires careful research in predicting their known failures at the signal point.
Особенности когнитивной сферы и копинг-стратегий у молодых людей с признаками посттравматического стрессового расстройства
Authors: Корнилова Анастасия
Published: March 2023

В настоящей работе обобщаются результаты исследования предпочитаемых копинг-стратегий у молодых людей с признаками посттравматического стрессового расстройства и разным творческим потенциалом личности. Целью исследования стало установление предпочитаемых способов совладающего поведения у лиц с высокими показателями по Миссисипской шкале ПТСР. В исследовании принял участие 31 респондент от 14 до 35 лет. Выборка осуществлялась стихийно, при помощи публикации на различных интернет-ресурсах. В качестве методик для тестирования использовались копинг-тест Р. Лазаруса, оценка уровня творческого потенциала личности по А.С. Шарову, опросник выявления уровня креативности и Миссисипская шкала ПТСР. Для обработки результатов использовался коэффициент корреляции Кэндалла, так как проверка на нормальность с помощью λ–критерия Колмогорова-Смирнова показала распределение, отличное от нормального. 

Полученные в результате статистической обработки данные свидетельствуют об отсутствии связи между предпочитаемыми копинг-стратегиями и творческим потенциалом личности респондентов. Однако обнаружилась достоверная тенденция к связи между креативностью и оценкой себя, как эвриста, новатора, конкурентноспособного и революционера, что является качествами активной личности и способствует снижению риска дезадаптации. Что так же представляет интерес, выявилась тенденция к связи между шкалой ПТСР, энергичностью и революционерством. Новизна исследования заключается в том, чтобы использовать полученные результаты в планировании терапии посттравматических расстройств с опорой на такие качества личности, которые могут стать ресурсом для восстановления после сильных потрясений. Актуальность исследования заключается в высоком спросе на изучение тем, связанных с преодолением стресса в условиях нестабильности современного общества.
Mechanical Properties of Super-large and Shallow-buried Loess Tunnel
with the Prefabricated Temporary Support
Authors: Cheng Xuansheng , Ding Kai , Liu Gongning , Bu Yuyue
Published: March 2023

Background:

At present, there are few studies on the mechanical properties of tunnels
with prefabricated temporary support. Based on the project of the Xichengshan Tunnel on the highway
from Zhuanglang to Tianshui, this paper studies the mechanical properties of tunnels with prefabricated
temporary support The utility model patent for this article is a temporary steel support
device for loess tunnel excavation. The patent number is ZL 2022 2 0141276. 1.

Objective:

The study aims to show the mechanical properties of a super large section of prefabricated
temporary support shallow tunnel.

Methods:

The mechanical properties of the tunnel surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, anchor, and
temporary support during construction were analyzed by combining numerical simulation and theoretical
analysis. The maximum and minimum stresses of the tunnel surrounding rock, lining, steel
arch, and anchor, and the maximum and minimum displacements of prefabricated temporary support
were found through the analysis results.

Results:

The stress and displacement fields of surrounding rock, lining, steel arch, bolt, and temporary
support of loess tunnel were analyzed. Results showed that the maximum principal stress of the
surrounding rock is 0.293MPa, and the maximum horizontal displacement is 0.359cm. The maximum
horizontal displacement of the lining is 0.413cm, the maximum vertical displacement of the steel
arch is 1.538 cm, and the maximum displacement of the temporary support structure is 1.459 cm. The
above data verify the safety of the proposed combined temporary support structure.

Conclusion:

Through the analysis results, the maximum and minimum stresses of the tunnel surrounding
rock, lining, steel arch, and anchor, and the maximum and minimum displacements of assembled
temporary support are found, which can guide subsequent construction.
A Mini-Review on the Chemical Constituents and Biological Activities of
Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl.
Authors: Jiang Fujunrui , Yong Jianping , Lu Shaoji , Huang Ruiwen , Tian Danian , Lu Canzhong
Published: March 2023

Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl. is an annual flowering plant, mainly distributed in some
parts of Asia. In the early 1970s, it was discovered by the folk of Le'an county, Jiangxi province.
Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl., contains many bioactive components (flavonoids, saponins, volatile
oils, organic acids, etc.) and has a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. This plant medicine
was used in the treatment of cold cough, asthma, rheumatism, pain, irregular menstruation, neurasthenia,
restoring deficiency, expelling roundworm, anti-tumor, etc. in Chinese folk. In this minireview,
the progress on the chemical constituents and biological activities of Lysimachia capillipes
Hemsl., was comprehensively summarized by searching the CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus,
and Google Scholar databases using “Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl.” or “Manshanxiang” as the
keywords. This article may provide a reference for researchers for further study of Lysimachia
capillipes Hemsl.
Influence of Gas Medium State Parameters on the Pressure Port
Design of Gas Wave Ejector
Authors: Hu Dapeng , Zhao Yiming , Cai Dongxu
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore and emphasize the influence
mechanism and law of gas parameters on pressure port design.

Methods:

CFD commercial software FLUENT was used for numerical simulation in this
study, and a three-dimensional numerical model was employed to improve the accuracy
of calculation. The GWE experimental platform was also built to verify the theoretical
and numerical analysis results.

Results:

When the expansion ratio α is raised from 1.35 to 2.0, the average shock velocity
vs can increase by about 4.9%, and when raising the compression ratio from 1.05 to
1.2, the change of vs is only 1.4% relatively. Raising the expansion ratio value from 1.35
to 2.0, the optimal offset of the high- and medium-pressure ports only changes by 5.3%,
and the decrease of the ejection rate caused by the deviation of the aforementioned offset
is only about 4.3%,which proves that the equipment has strong ability to resist fluctuations
of working conditions.

Conclusion:

Moving velocity of the shock wave varies with temperature, working pressure
ratio and adiabatic index of the gas. The increase of high- and low-pressure inlet gas
temperatures will cause an increment of vs and as, and the influence of high-pressure inlet
gas temperature Tht on vs is greater. There are optimal high- and medium-pressure port
offsets under different pressure ratios as the experimental results have shown. When the
pressure ratio remains constant, the change in pressure value does not have a significant
impact on the optimal port design and equipment performance.
Fast and Parallel Algorithms for Orbit and Attitude Computation
Authors: Wang Xuechuan , Feng Haoyang , He Wei
Published: March 2023

This chapter provides a simple Adaptive Local Variational Iteration Method (ALVIM) that can efficiently solve nonlinear differential equations and orbital problems of spacecrafts. Based on a general first-order form of nonlinear differential equations, the iteration formula is analytically derived and then discretized using Chebyshev polynomials as basis functions in the time domain. It leads to an iterative numerical algorithm that only involves the addition and multiplication of sparse matrices. Moreover, the Jacobian matrix is free from inversing. Apart from that, a straightforward adaptive scheme is proposed to refine the configuration of the algorithm, involving the length of time steps and the number of collocation nodes in a time step. With the adaptive scheme, the prescribed accuracy can be guaranteed without manually tuning the configuration of the algorithm. Since the refinement is adjusted automatically, our algorithm reduces overcalculation for smooth and slowly changing problems. Examples such as large amplitude pendulum and perturbed two-body problem are used to verify this easy-to-use adaptive method's high accuracy and efficiency.
Adaptive Fixed-time 6-DOF Coordinated Control of Spacecraft Formation Flyings
Authors: Liu Ruixia
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the fixed-time coordinated control problem is investigated for multiple spacecraft formation flying (SFF) system based on six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) dynamic model. The system under consideration involves input quantization, external disturbance, and directed communication topology. By utilizing the neighborhood state information, a novel multi-spacecraft nonsingular fixed-time terminal sliding mode function is designed. To reduce the required communication rate, a hysteretic quantizer is employed to quantify the control torque and force. The problem addressed is the design of 6-DOF fixed-time coordinated controller such that, the controlled system is practical fixed-time stable and also ensures the relative attitude and position tracking errors can converge into the regions in fixed time.
Energetyka jądrowa – konieczność, a nie zagrożenie
Authors: Domański Roman
Published: March 2023

W pracy przedstawiono w skrócie potrzeby energetyczne świata, podział zużycia energii pierwotnej z punku widzenia paliw oraz 3 podstawowe scenariusze rozwoju świata prezentowane przez Międzynarodową Agencję Energii. Omówiono podstawowe procesy dotyczące wytwarzania energii jądrowej i jej konwersji na energię wewnętrzną. Przedstawiono najważniejsze typy reaktorów jądrowych podając ich podstawowe parametry pracy. W posumowaniu przedstawiono zasadnicze wnioski. Słowa kluczowe: promieniowanie, rozpad promieniotwórczy, reaktor jądrowy, chłodziwo, moderator, moc cieplna, moc elektryczna, awaria, obieg parowy, paliwo jądrowe, sprawność
Turystyka uzdrowiskowa i wypoczynek na pocztówkach w Muzeum Sportu i Turystyki w Warszawie
Authors: Mikocka Barbara , Męzik Katarzyna
Published: March 2023

Muzeum Sportu i Turystyki w Warszawie posiada bogatą kolekcję kilku tysięcy pocztówek, która systematy­cznie od wielu lat jest udostępniana w formie wystaw czasowych. Kolejnym tematem, który jeszcze nie doczekał się swojego opracowania, a stanowi sporą część tego zbioru jest turystyka uzdrowiskowa i wypoczynek. Muzeum Sportu i Turystyki w Warszawie, w roku swojego jubileuszu 70-lecia, na wystawie „Ach jak przyjemnie…” prezentuje zbiór ponad 100 oryginalnych kart pocztowych, dokumentujących wypoczynek Polaków w uzdrowiskach i letniskach od końca XIX do drugiej połowy XX w. Na stronach ilustracyjnych kart pocztowych od początków ich istnienia pojawiały się panoramy miast, widoki kurortów, ich najświetniejszych obiektów, miejscowej malowniczej przyrody, górskich i nadmorskich krajobrazów oraz oczywiście grup zadowolonych kuracjuszy i turystów. Pocztówki, obok funkcji informacyjnej spełniały rolę pamiątki z podróży i uwiecznienia wspomnień. Były pieczołowicie przechowywane w rodzinnych albumach, a z czasem przekształciły się w pasję kolekcjonerską. Są dokumentami życia społecznego, które opowiadają fascynujące historie i przenoszą w klimat dawnych uzdrowisk i kurortów. Ekspozycja, poprzez karty pocztowe, przybliża historię miejsc letniego wypoczynku Polaków. Wzbogacają ją podróżnicze i turystyczne artefakty – m.in. stroje, kufry, walizki i plecaki oraz przewodniki, informatory i plakaty. Patronat nad wystawą objęli: Marszałek Województwa Mazowieckiego, Ministerstwo Sportu i Turystyki, Mazowiecka Regionalna Organizacja Turystyczna, Polskie Towarzystwo Turystyczno-Krajoznawcze i Poczta Polska. Słowa kluczowe: turystyka uzdrowiskowa, wypoczynek, pocztówki, wystawy muzealne, Muzeum Sportu i Turystyki w Warszawie
New recombination centers in MBE MCT layers on (013) GaAs substrates
Authors: Dvoretsky S.A.  , Stupak M.F.  , Mikhailov N.N.  , Varavin V.S.  , Remesnik V.G.  , Makarov S.N.  , Elesin A.G.  , Verhoglyad A.G.
Published: March 2023

A large inhomogeneity of the minority lifetime from 1 to 10 μs at 77 K over the area is observed in some experiments when high-quality HgCdTe layers of the electronic type of conductivity are grown on GaAs substrates with a diameter of 76.2 mm with the (013) orientation by the method of molecular beam epitaxy. As a rule, the such lifetimes are determined by carrier recombination at Shockley-Hall-Read (SHR) centers. Modern studies and ideas about the nature of the SHR centers do not allow us to explain the observed results. The measurements of HgCdTe layers by the second harmonic generation showed the existence of a quasi-periodic change in the signal at the minima of the azimuthal dependence, which is associated with the appearance of misoriented microregions of the crystal structure. The amplitude of the quasi-periodic change in the signal decreases with increasing lifetime and completely disappears for regions with higher lifetime values. Similar dependences are observed during etching of HgCdTe layers, which indicates the existence of misoriented microregions in the bulk. Thus, misoriented microregions of the crystal structure have a significant effect on the lifetime and are new centers of Shockley-Hall-Read recombination. Keywords: HgCdTe layers, lifetime, second harmonic, azimuthal angular dependences, recombination centers, misoriented microregions.
Study of Muscular Pressure Measurement following Age, Occupation and Compartment of Limbs (Preprint)
Authors: Paek Chol-Hyok
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND

Muscular compartment syndrome is surgical disease by intra-compartment bleeding as injury of muscle tissue with fracture and luxation in limbs. This disease is high the morbidity and risk of disability. Intramuscular pressure is different following age and occupation.

OBJECTIVE

Increasing pressure of compartment makes small veins exhausted and migration of humor difficult in that compartment, finally it causes arterial ischemic block of blood circulation and muscular necrosis by increasing tissue pressure that is just opposite of systolic pressure. That is why it is really important to diagnose and treat this disease earlier than irreversible ischemic changes, so we can reduce permanent disability.

METHODS

We used electric measuring instrument of tissue pressure and obtained some basic results to diagnose those diseases that causes increasing disability earlier by measuring intramuscular pressure following compartment in healthy people and patients with closed fracture in their limbs.

RESULTS

The difference between every muscles following compartment, sex, age in healthy people was not statistically significant and difference between sports men and officers or workers reached statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONS

Intramuscular pressure in fracture region of patients with closed fracture in limbs was statistically significant than normal region of them.

CLINICALTRIAL

No Application
TEACHING ESL SCIENCE COMMUNICATION IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY MULTILEVEL CLASSROOM SETTINGS
Authors: Bazanova Elena , Sokolova Elena , Sysoeva Maria
Published: March 2023

The transformation of modern science from monodisciplinary to multidisciplinary leads to cardinal changes in the methods of teaching English L2 science communication, which is a challenge for non-anglophone researchers who need to share research outcomes in English within and beyond their research-specific community. The paper describes a case study in which the main objective is to understand how immersion of English L2 speaking researchers into a multidisciplinary multilevel classroom setting affect the development of science communication skills needed to reach broader audiences through innovative dissemination channels, making research findings clearly intelligible to both specialists and non-specialists alike. The paper defines the potential of educational reconstruction of multidisciplinary science communication context that involves interaction of researchers with varying English proficiency levels, professional expertise, and research area. Our data demonstrate that metacognitive teaching strategies can assist early-stage researchers to develop their ability to integrate fully into the larger global science community and reap the benefits of science communication.
Polifonía de experiencias sobre la (in)seguridad laboral: narrativas de las y los trabajadores formales de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Herrera Galeano Ana María
Published: March 2023

El presente estudio intenta indagar ¿cómo experimentan la (in)seguridad laboral las y los trabajadores formales de la Ciudad de México?, ¿cuáles son las condiciones objetivas y subjetivas que configuran a la (in)seguridad laboral?, partiendo de la hipótesis de que la (in)seguridad laboral es un fenómeno sociohistórico (situado espacial y temporalmente) que se ha convertido en una característica estructural no privativa del sector informal de los mercados de trabajo, sino que afecta también al sector formal, que no tiene los mismos efectos sobre la vida de las y los trabajadores (es decir, se trata de un proceso heterogéneo y desigual) y que se configura a través de condiciones objetivas (posición, tipo de trabajo, condiciones y relaciones laborales) y subjetivas (significados,percepciones y expectativas).