bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical study on the thermodynamic behavior of de-icing liquid droplets impacting walls
Authors: Cui Jing , Niu Shuxin , Yang Guangfeng
Published: June 2024

Spraying de-icing fluid is a key method to ensure the safe operation of aircraft in icy and snowy weather. The film aggregation and internal mixing of de-icing fluid droplets on the aircraft skin during a collision are crucial. Considering the rheological properties of the molecular viscosity change of the de-icing fluid droplets during the collision and the heat transfer model of the heat loss after the impact, the phase field method is used to capture the gas–liquid interface, and a thermal pressure/viscous coupling model is constructed. The thermodynamic behavior of different axial distances is calculated. The results show that, as the dimensionless axial distance of the droplet increases, the spreading length of the fused droplet decreases instead, and the heat transfer rate of the droplet increases with the increase in spreading length. After stabilizing, the increase or decrease in the heat transfer rate depends on the strength of the heat transfer between the liquid layers. As the dimensionless axial distance increases, the internal flow of the droplet weakens and, between the droplet and the wall, the heat flux density gradually decreases and the average temperature drop of the droplet becomes gradual.
Injectable dECM-enhanced hyaluronic microgels with spatiotemporal release of cartilage-specific molecules to improve osteoarthritic chondrocyte’s function
Authors: Deng Siyan , Cao Hongfu , Lu Yan , Shi Wenqing , Chen Manyu , Cui Xiaolin , Liang Jie , Fan Yujiang , Wang Qiguang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: June 2024

The interior environment of articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA) presents substantial hurdles, leading to the malfunction of chondrocytes and the breakdown of collagen II-enriched hyaline cartilage matrix. Despite this, most clinical treatments primarily provide temporary relief from OA discomfort without arresting OA progression. This study aimed to alleviate OA by developing intra-articular injectable dECM-enhanced hyaluronic (HE) microgels. The HE hydrogel was engineered and shaped into uniformly sized microgels using microfluidics and photopolymerization techniques. These microgels provided a spatiotemporal cascade effect, facilitating the rapid release of growth factors and a slower release of ECM macromolecules and proteins. This process assisted in the recovery of OA chondrocytes’ function, promoting cell proliferation, matrix synthesis, and cartilage-specific gene expression in vitro. It also effectively aided repair of the collagen II-enriched hyaline cartilage and significantly reduced the severity of OA, as demonstrated by radiological observation, gross appearance, histological/immunohistochemical staining, and analysis in an OA rat model in vivo. Collectively, the HE injectable microgels with spatiotemporal release of cartilage-specific molecules have shown promise as a potential candidate for a cell-free OA therapy approach.

Graphical Abstract
Light-controlled crosslinked multifunctional "Band-Aids" as dual-stage wound dressing for dynamic wound closure
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Zhan Xue , Hu Chen , Dong Zuqin , Luo Tao , Li Haihang , Fan Xiaoju , Liang Jie , Chen Yafang , Fan Yujiang
Published: June 2024

The objective of regenerative wound healing dressings is to accelerate skin tissue regeneration and restore normal physiological function at wound sites. Achieving this goal requires biomaterials capable of repairing distinct phases of wound healing in a way that balances material function, degradation, safety, and tissue growth. In this study, we introduced a novel dual-stage wound dressing system comprising methacrylic anhydride-modified recombinant humanized type III collagen (rhCol III-MA) and methacrylic anhydride-modified dopamine (DMA) (RMDM), which was synthesized through free radical polymerization and π-π stacking. Within this system, RMDM was formulated into two forms with identical compositions: hydrogel and sponge, tailored for application across various stages of wound repair. These materials displayed favorable hemocompatibility, biocompatibility, antioxidant properties, and angiogenic potential in vitro. Moreover, the in vivo experiments also demonstrated that sponges could rapidly stop the bleeding of wounds in mouse tail amputation and liver incision models. Notably, the sponge/gel (S/G) system accelerated wound healing compared to individual sponge and gel treatments in a rat full-thickness skin wound model, underscoring the synergistic benefits of combining sponge and gel materials for wound repair at different stages. Therefore, this research provides valuable insights into designing advanced biomaterials that can be tailored to specific stages of wound healing, which may have significant potential for biomedical applications.

Graphical Abstract
Effects of blending ratios variation on micronutrient compositions and phytate/minerals molar ratios of dabi teff-field pea based novel composite complementary flours
Authors: Tura Diriba Chewaka , Belachew Tefera , Tamiru Dessalegn , Abate Kalkidan Hassen
Published: June 2024

Mixtures of multiple grains at varied ratios can provide multiple and higher micronutrients than a single grain. Thus, this research was aimed at examining the effect of blending ratios variation on micro-compositions and phytate/minerals molar ratios of pre-processed local dabi teff-field pea based novel composite complementary flours. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry was used to determine dietary minerals. Nutrisurvey software was employed to define ranges of the mixture components and they were constrained at 20–35% for dabi teff, 0–30% field pea and 5–20% maize, while the remaining were set constant at 25% barley, 15% oats and 5% linseed. Design-Expert ® software version 11, D-optimal was used to generate eleven experimental blends and to examine the effects of blending ratio variation on the responses. Mean mineral contents were significantly different (P < 0.05) among the blends (as affected by component ratios variation) and ranged from 24.01–31.58 mg/100 g for iron, 73.46 -78.81 mg/100 g for calcium, and 2.33–2.61 mg/100 g for zinc contents. The phytate/minerals molar ratios were significantly different among the blends except phytate/calcium molar ratio (Ph:Ca), ranged from 0.232–0.344 for phytate/iron molar ratio (Ph:Fe), 0.067–0.085 for (Ph:Ca), 3.356–4.18 for phytate/zinc molar ratio (Ph:Zn) and 6.457–7.943 for phytate by calcium to zinc molar ratio (Ph*Ca:Zn). A linear model was significant (P < 0.05) and adequate to describe variations in iron, zinc, Ph:Fe, Ph:Zn and Ph*Ca:Zn. There was a remarkably linear increase in iron and calcium contents with an increased dabi teff ratio in the blends accompanied by a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in phytate/minerals molar ratios. The findings showed that increasing dabi teff ratio in the blends notably increased iron content with reduced Ph:Fe molar ratio, providing the bases for developing iron-dense novel composite complementary flour with improved iron bioavailability to combat iron deficiency anemia among children.

Graphical Abstract
Ultrahigh-fidelity full-color holographic display via color-aware optimization
Authors: Chen Chun , Nam Seung-Woo , Kim Dongyeon , Lee Juhyun , Jeong Yoonchan , Lee Byoungho
Published: June 2024

Holographic display offers the capability to generate high-quality images with a wide color gamut since it is laser-driven. However, many existing holographic display techniques fail to fully exploit this potential, primarily due to the system’s imperfections. Such flaws often result in inaccurate color representation, and there is a lack of an efficient way to address this color accuracy issue. In this study, we develop a color-aware hologram optimization approach for color-accurate holographic displays. Our approach integrates both laser and camera into the hologram optimization loop, enabling dynamic optimization of the laser’s output color and the acquisition of physically captured feedback. Moreover, we improve the efficiency of the color-aware optimization process for holographic video displays. We introduce a cascade optimization strategy, which leverages the redundant neighbor hologram information to accelerate the iterative process. We evaluate our method through both simulation and optical experiments, demonstrating the superiority in terms of image quality, color accuracy, and hologram optimization speed compared to previous algorithms. Our approach verifies a promising way to realize a high-fidelity image in the holographic display, which provides a new direction toward the practical holographic display.
Role and predictive value of microRNAs 204 and 210 in the diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension and the distinction between idiopathic, systemic sclerosis, and schistosomiasis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Dimitry Mark O. , Amin Yosef M. , ElKorashy Reem I. , Raslan Hala M. , Kamel Solaf A. , Hassan Eman M. , Yousef Rasha N. , Awadallah Eman A.
Published: June 2024

Background

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is most of the time diagnosed late in the course of the disease and necessitates right cardiac catheterization which is an invasive and costly tool. MicroRNAs have a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, systemic sclerosis, and schistosomiasis and their dosages are easy and non-expensive. Therefore, determining their levels in the blood may be helpful in detecting PAH and differentiating its idiopathic form from those caused by systemic sclerosis and schistosomiasis.

Purpose of the study

To evaluate the role of microRNA (miR) 204 and miR-210 in the diagnosis of PAH and to distinguish between idiopathic PAH (IPAH), systemic sclerosis-associated PAH (SSc-PAH), and schistosomiasis-associated PAH (Sch-PAH) and to identify patients who may benefit from simple non-expensive and non-invasive methods in diagnosis of PAH.

Methods

Sixty patients with PAH and 30 subjects as control were enrolled in the study. PAH was diagnosed by right heart catheterization, echocardiography, and laboratory tests. Blood samples were taken from all patients for measuring miR-204 and miR-210.

Results

MiR-204 was downregulated in PAH and there was a highly significant difference between PAH and control (p = 0.003) with cut-off predictive value ≤ 0.15 µM and 70% sensitivity, 85% specificity with AUC (0.749). However, miR-204 failed to distinguish between IPAH, SSc-PAH, and Sch-PAH. MiR-210 was upregulated in PAH with a highly significant difference between PAH and control (p < 0.001) with cut-off predictive value ≥ 1.16 µM and 93.33% sensitivity, 85% specificity with AUC (0.917). MiiR-210 showed a significant difference between SSc-PAH and idiopathic PAH (P = 0.012) and between SSc-PAH and Sch-PAH (P = 0.035).

Conclusions

MiR-204 and miR-210 are useful non-invasive and non-expensive markers for the diagnosis of PAH, miR-210 is an excellent predictor in the diagnosis of PAH and also miR-210 might be used to distinguish SSc-PAH from idiopathic PAH and Sch-PAH.
Elevated C-reactive protein and mortality risk among COPD patients
Authors: Banerjee Srikanta , Khubchandani Jagdish , Onukogu Claret , Okpom Chukwuemeka , Johnson Momo
Published: June 2024

Background

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease associated with autoimmune systemic inflammation. The evidence on the role of C-reactive protein (-CRP) in predicting mortality among people with COPD remains mixed.

Methods

Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2010) were linked with mortality files up to December 31st, 2019, from the National Death Index. Adults ages 20 years or older were included in the analytic sample to assess the relationship between physician-diagnosed self-reported COPD and mortality based on blood CRP levels. Multivariate complex samples Cox regression analyses were conducted to determine the hazards ratios (with 95% CI).

Results

A total of 30,669 individuals comprised of the final sample with 2215 deaths observed upon follow-up for an average of 10.2 years. Compared to individuals without COPD or elevated CRP, individuals with COPD but without elevated CRP (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.97–1.61) did not have a significantly higher risk of mortality. However, those with both COPD and elevated CRP had a significantly higher risk of mortality (HR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.08–6.81). Age, health insurance status, and a history of comorbidities modified these relationships.

Conclusions

Biomarkers such as CRP continue to show promise for long-term COPD-related outcomes. Additional prospective assessments of individuals with airway obstruction are warranted to understand if CRP levels predict the occurrence or worsening of COPD and if those relate to long-term health outcomes.
Memorial agency, heritage dissonance, and the politics of memory in the preservation of Rio de Janeiro’s Valongo slave wharf
Authors: Broudehoux Anne-Marie
Published: June 2024

The article aims to understand the tensions inherent to the commemoration of a difficult and conflicted past and the conservation of dissonant heritage. It explores the politics of memory and identity, and the power struggles that underscore the heritagisation process through a study of the transformation of Rio de Janeiro’s port in preparation to host the 2014 World Cup and 2016 Summer Olympics. The paper uses the notion of heritage dissonance to shed light upon contemporary struggles over the interpretation of the port’s contested history and explores the debates that have surrounded the 'discovery' of archeological remains, which exposed a controversial past marked by collective amnesia. The paper identifies various actions, instruments, and strategies used by various actors to either support or undermine the project, from inertia and obstructionism to memorialisation and ritual agency. The analysis of these findings reveals the transformative potential of heritage, as an instrument of empowerment in the ideological battle over collective memory, and a tool of resistance against historical denial. It discusses the way debates over heritage have stimulated public debate, inflected the official historical narrative, and allowed the legacies of slavery to infiltrate collective consciousness. The paper concludes with a discussion of how heritage dissonance can engender actions leading to conflict mediation, thereby promoting reconciliation and dialogue, and, ultimately, societal change.
Estimation of nosing load in existing railway transom top bridges based on field testing and finite element modelling
Authors: Ghiasi Alireza , Lee Daniel
Published: June 2024

A significant number of wind bracings in existing railway transom top bridges are numerically assessed deficient against the assessment nosing load recommended by the AS5100, where in almost all cases, there is no observed evidence of wind bracings being overloaded. This paper estimates the nosing load applied by various trains to a couple of random spans of an existing railway transom top bridge. Firstly, field testing of this bridge is conducted and the measured stresses at the mid-center of girders and wind bracings are collected during various normal train operations to validate the developed Finite Element (FE) models of this bridge. Then, the nosing loads due to different trains are estimated using the validated FE model through a two-staged validation approach, including automatic FE stress intensity optimization and rigorous manual FE model sensitivity analysis while transoms in various conditions are also incorporated in the FE model. Results demonstrate that the nosing load is significantly less than the required load in the AS5100 with magnitudes ranging between 8.6% to 9.4% of the maximum vertical axle load of the passed trains; suggesting that the AS5100 assessment nosing load should be revised to avoid unnecessary expensive upgrades of numerically assessed deficient wind bracings.
Subclinical tuberculosis linkage to care and completion of treatment following community-based screening in rural South Africa
Authors: Sifumba Zolelwa , Claassen Helgard , Olivier Stephen , Khan Palwasha , Ngubane Hloniphile , Bhengu Thokozani , Zulu Thando , Sithole Mareca , Gareta Dickman ,   Vukuzazi Team, Moosa Mahomed-Yunus S. , Hanekom Willem A. , Bassett Ingrid V. , Wong Emily B.
Published: June 2024

Background

Tuberculosis (TB), a leading cause of infectious death, is curable when patients complete a course of multi-drug treatment. Because entry into the TB treatment cascade usually relies on symptomatic individuals seeking care, little is known about linkage to care and completion of treatment in people with subclinical TB identified through community-based screening.

Methods

Participants of the Vukuzazi study, a community-based survey that provided TB screening in the rural uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal from May 2018 – March 2020, who had a positive sputum (GeneXpert or Mtb culture, microbiologically-confirmed TB) or a chest x-ray consistent with active TB (radiologically-suggested TB) were referred to the public health system. Telephonic follow-up surveys were conducted from May 2021 – January 2023 to assess linkage to care and treatment status. Linked electronic TB register data was accessed. We analyzed the effect of baseline HIV and symptom status (by WHO 4-symptom screen) on the TB treatment cascade.

Results

Seventy percent (122/174) of people with microbiologically-confirmed TB completed the telephonic survey. In this group, 84% (103/122) were asymptomatic and 46% (56/122) were people living with HIV (PLWH). By self-report, 98% (119/122) attended a healthcare facility after screening, 94% (115/122) started TB treatment and 93% (113/122) completed treatment. Analysis of electronic TB register data confirmed that 67% (116/174) of eligible individuals started TB treatment. Neither symptom status nor HIV status affected linkage to care. Among people with radiologically-suggested TB, 48% (153/318) completed the telephonic survey, of which 80% (122/153) were asymptomatic and 52% (79/153) were PLWH. By self-report, 75% (114/153) attended a healthcare facility after screening, 16% (24/153) started TB treatment and 14% (22/153) completed treatment. Nine percent (28/318) of eligible individuals had TB register data confirming that they started treatment.

Conclusions

Despite high rates of subclinical TB, most people diagnosed with microbiologically-confirmed TB after community-based screening were willing to link to care and complete TB treatment. Lower rates of linkage to care in people with radiologically-suggested TB highlight the importance of streamlined care pathways for this group. Clearer guidelines for the management of people who screen positive during community-based TB screening are needed.
Characterizing the Increase in Artificial Intelligence Content Detection in Oncology Scientific Abstracts From 2021 to 2023
Authors: Howard Frederick M. , Li Anran , Riffon Mark F. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Pearson Alexander T.
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE

Artificial intelligence (AI) models can generate scientific abstracts that are difficult to distinguish from the work of human authors. The use of AI in scientific writing and performance of AI detection tools are poorly characterized.

METHODS

We extracted text from published scientific abstracts from the ASCO 2021-2023 Annual Meetings. Likelihood of AI content was evaluated by three detectors: GPTZero, Originality.ai, and Sapling. Optimal thresholds for AI content detection were selected using 100 abstracts from before 2020 as negative controls, and 100 produced by OpenAI's GPT-3 and GPT-4 models as positive controls. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association of predicted AI content with submission year and abstract characteristics, and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were computed.

RESULTS

Fifteen thousand five hundred and fifty-three abstracts met inclusion criteria. Across detectors, abstracts submitted in 2023 were significantly more likely to contain AI content than those in 2021 (aOR range from 1.79 with Originality to 2.37 with Sapling). Online-only publication and lack of clinical trial number were consistently associated with AI content. With optimal thresholds, 99.5%, 96%, and 97% of GPT-3/4–generated abstracts were identified by GPTZero, Originality, and Sapling respectively, and no sampled abstracts from before 2020 were classified as AI generated by the GPTZero and Originality detectors. Correlation between detectors was low to moderate, with Spearman correlation coefficient ranging from 0.14 for Originality and Sapling to 0.47 for Sapling and GPTZero.

CONCLUSION

There is an increasing signal of AI content in ASCO abstracts, coinciding with the growing popularity of generative AI models.
The Role of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in the Management of Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Clinically Detected Regional Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: Chang Jenny H. , Remulla Daphne , Wehrle Chase , Woo Kimberly P. , Dahdaleh Fadi S. , Joyce Daniel , Naffouje Samer A.
Published: June 2024

Background

Immunotherapy is emerging as a promising option for certain locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous malignancies. However, the role of neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NIO) in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) with clinically detected regional lymph node metastasis (CDRLNM) has not been fully elucidated.

Methods

For this study, MCC patients with CDRLNM who underwent surgical excision were selected from the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Those who received NIO were propensity-matched with those who did not, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival (OS).

Results

Of the 1809 selected patients, 356 (19.7%) received NIO followed by wide excision (n = 352, 98.9%) or amputation (n = 4, 1.1%). The rate of complete pathologic response for the primary tumor (ypT0) was 45.2%. Only 223 patents (63.4%) also underwent lymph node dissection (LND). The complete pathologic nodal response (ypN0) rate for these patients was 17.9%. A pathologic complete response of both the primary tumor and the nodal basin (ypT0 ypN0) was seen in 16 of the 223 patients who underwent both primary tumor surgery and LND. Subsequently, 151 pairs were matched between the NIO and no-NIO groups (including only patients with LND). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant OS improvement with NIO (median not reached vs. 35.0 ± 8.0 months; p = 0.025). The 5-year OS was 57% in the NIO group versus 44% in no-NIO group (p = 0.021).

Conclusion

The study suggests that NIO in MCC with CDRLNM provides improved OS in addition to promising rates of primary complete response, which could change the profile of surgical resection. This supports ongoing clinical trials exploring the use of NIO in MCC.
Promoción de la adherencia al tratamiento antihipertensivo a través de un servicio de atención farmacéutica apoyado en telefonía móvil
Authors: Lezcano Marina Mercedes , Lugo Gladys Beatriz , Aguilar Rabito Ana , Maidana Gladys
Published: June 2024

Introducción. La hipertensión arterial sigue siendo un desafío para la salud pública del Paraguay, la falta de adherencia a los tratamientos es un problema desde el punto de vista médico, económico y psicosocial. El uso de la tecnología constituye una herramienta útil en el seguimiento de pacientes y mejoramiento de la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico.
Objetivo. Evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico antihipertensivo en pacientes con hipertensión que asisten a servicio de salud público, mediante una herramienta digital telefónica.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio cuasi-experimental realizado en pacientes mayores de 18 años de ambos sexos con hipertensión arterial; en los cuales se aplicaron intervenciones farmacéuticas mediante tecnología y se evaluó la adherencia al tratamiento mediante el cuestionario de Morisky-Green, junto con preguntas complementarias para conocer las causas. El protocolo de investigación fue aprobado por un Comité de Ética en Investigaciones de la FCQ-UNA (714/2021).
Resultados. Participaron 60 pacientes. El 68,3% (n=41) al inicio mostró adherencia al tratamiento según el cuestionario de Morisky-Green, y el 31,7% (n=19) no cumplió con la indicación, después de las intervenciones se ha encontrado una mayor adherencia al tratamiento, llegando a 96,7% los cumplidores (p<0,00001), siendo causas de no adherencia a la farmacoterapia el olvido 28,3% (n=17), la falta de disponibilidad del medicamento en el hospital 20% (n=12) y el costo 10% (n=6).
Conclusión. La utilización de la tecnología podría constituirse en una herramienta para la prevención primaria en la población con factores de riesgo, y el seguimiento de pacientes con hipertensión arterial.
Factores asociados a fragilidad en el servicio ambulatorio de geriatría de un hospital universitario en Bogotá, Colombia.
Authors: Acosta María Fernanda , Cepeda Alfonso Laura , Arias Delgado Diego Alejandro , Chavarro Carvajal Diego Andrés , Coca León David José , Cano Gutiérrez Carlos Alberto , Heredia Ramírez Rodrigo Alberto
Published: June 2024

Introducción: La fragilidad se define como un estado previo a la discapacidad, caracterizado por mayor vulnerabilidad a estresores externos. La fragilidad contribuye a desenlaces negativos como caídas, hospitalización, discapacidad y mortalidad. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar la prevalencia y evaluar los factores asociados a fragilidad en los pacientes del servicio ambulatorio de geriatría del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (HUSI).
Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal incluyendo a los pacientes atendidos por primera vez en la consulta externa de geriatría del HUSI en Bogotá, Colombia entre el mes de agosto 2016 y marzo de 2020.
Resultados: la prevalencia de fragilidad fue del 35,4%. Las variables estadísticamente significativas asociadas con fragilidad fueron edad mayor de 80 años (OR 2.07), sexo femenino (OR 1.40), multimorbilidad (OR 2.13) y estado nutricional (OR 2.23). Cuando se ajustó el análisis por variables de desempeño, solamente la multimorbilidad (OR 2.46 IC 95% 1.62 – 3.75 p 0.001), la velocidad de la marcha lenta (OR 5.15 IC 95% 3.0 – 8.60 p 0.001) y el perímetro de pantorrilla bajo (OR 1.60 IC 95% 1.03 – 2.50 p 0.06) fueron estadísticamente significativos.
Conclusión: la prevalencia de fragilidad encontrada en nuestro estudio es mayor comparada con las encuestas referentes nacionales, las variables asociadas coinciden con las encontradas en la literatura como mayor edad, sexo femenino, numero de comorbilidades y malnutrición. Además, se encontró asociación con otras medidas de desempeño como perímetro de pantorrilla bajo y velocidad para la marcha lenta.
Comparación de la microfiltración apical de cuatro tipos de cementos endodónticos: Endofill, MTA Fillapex, Adseal y Roeko seal
Authors: CHAVEZ RIVAS ILLARY JANET , Velazque Rojas Lida
Published: June 2024

Introducción: La microfiltración apical es uno de los principales causantes de fracasos endodónticos donde hay invasión de bacterias y líquidos periapicales a la parte interna del conducto radicular y material de relleno. Materiales y Métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 60 dientes premolares unirradiculares que fueron seccionados en la unión amelocementaria, la instrumentación biomecánica se realizó con técnica rotatoria e irrigación con hipoclorito de sodio al 5.25% y EDTA 17%, se dividió aleatoriamente en 4 grupos (n=15) para cada tipo de cemento, la  obturación se realizó con la técnica de condensación lateral, a nivel coronal se obturó con Ionómero vidrio base y resina, se colocaron en una incubadora a 37° sumergidos en NaCL 0.9% por 5 días hasta el fraguado de los cementos, para observar la microfiltración se utilizó el método  filtración de tinta china y la diafanización con la técnica de Robertson. Las medidas de microfiltración apical se observaron utilizando el Estereomicroscopio. Resultados: El valor promedio fue menor para el cemento Adseal 0,33mm, seguido por los cementos Fillapex 0,87mm, Roeko seal 1,00mm y Endofill 1,30mm respectivamente. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la microfiltración apical de los cuatro cementos endodónticos (p=0.00) Conclusiones: El cemento Adseal presentó menor microfiltración en comparación a los cementos Fillapex, Roeko seal y Endofill.
Palabras clave: Filtración dental, Ápice del diente, Endodoncia, Obturación del conducto radicular, Materiales de Obturación del Conducto Radicular.
Not all knees are the same
Authors: MacDessi Samuel J. , van de Graaf Victor A. , Wood Jil A. , Griffiths-Jones William , Bellemans Johan , Chen Darren B.
Published: June 2024

The aim of mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty is to align all knees into a fixed neutral position, even though not all knees are the same. As a result, mechanical alignment often alters a patient’s constitutional alignment and joint line obliquity, resulting in soft-tissue imbalance. This annotation provides an overview of how the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) classification can be used to predict imbalance with mechanical alignment, and then offers practical guidance for bone balancing, minimizing the need for soft-tissue releases.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):525–531.
Outcomes after completing growth-friendly surgical treatment for early-onset scoliosis in patients with skeletal dysplasia
Authors: Saarinen Antti J. , Sponseller Paul , Thompson George H. , White Klane K. , Emans John , Cahill Patrick J. , Hwang Steven , Helenius Ilkka
Published: June 2024

Aims

The aim of this study was to compare outcomes after growth-friendly treatment for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) between patients with skeletal dysplasias versus those with other syndromes.

Methods

We retrospectively identified 20 patients with skeletal dysplasias and 292 with other syndromes (control group) who had completed surgical growth-friendly EOS treatment between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018. We compared radiological parameters, complications, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at mean follow-up of 8.6 years (SD 3.3) in the dysplasia group and 6.6 years (SD 2.6) in the control group.

Results

Mean major curve correction per patient did not differ significantly between the dysplasia group (43%) and the control group (28%; p = 0.087). Mean annual spinal height increase was less in the dysplasia group (9.3 mm (SD 5.1) than in the control group (16 mm (SD 9.2); p < 0.001). Mean annual spinal growth adjusted to patient preoperative standing height during the distraction period was 11% in the dysplasia group and 14% in the control group (p = 0.070). The complication rate was 1.6 times higher (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3 to 2.0) in the dysplasia group. The following complications were more frequent in the dysplasia group: neurological injury (rate ratio (RR) 5.1 (95% CI 2.3 to 11)), deep surgical site infection (RR 2.2 (95% CI 1.2 to 4.1)), implant-related complications (RR 2.0 (95% CI 1.5 to 2.7)), and unplanned revision (RR 1.8 (95% CI 1.3 to 2.5)). Final fusion did not provide additional spinal height compared with watchful waiting (p = 0.054). There were no significant differences in HRQoL scores between the groups.

Conclusion

After growth-friendly EOS treatment, patients with skeletal dysplasias experienced a higher incidence of complications compared to those with other syndromes. Surgical growth-friendly treatment for skeletal dysplasia-associated EOS should be reserved for patients with severe, progressive deformities that are refractory to nonoperative treatment.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(6):596–602.
Očhéthi Šakówiŋ Literary Traditions: Nation Before Reservation, A Conversation
Authors: Valandra Edward Charles , Haladay Jane
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In this conversation between Waŋblí Wapȟáha Hokšíla (Edward C Valandra) and Jane Haladay, WWH discusses his personal history with and understandings of the literary traditions of his people, the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ Oyáte, and his involvement with the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ Writers Society (formerly the Oak Lake Writers' Society). WWH discusses his perspective of the origins and purposes of Očhéthi Šakówiŋ literary traditions, the influence of Lakȟóta, Dakȟóta, and Nakȟóta languages on these literatures, the vitality of Očhéthi Šakówiŋ community based, small-scale publications, and how his own writing and scholarship have been shaped by, and contribute to, his people's ongoing literary traditions.
Descartes’s Provisional Morality
Authors: Brissey Patrick
Published: June 2024

Abstract: Descartes claims in the Discourse on Method (1637) to have devised a morale par provision in 1619–20, but, later, in the Conversation with Burman (1648), he divulged that he “does not like writing on ethics,” asserts that his morale was hastily written immediately before the publication of the Discourse , and, even more striking, adds that he was “compelled” to include this content due to “people like the Schoolmen.” These facts have led commentators to be skeptical whether Descartes created his morale during his early philosophy as he claims in Part 3 of the Discourse . In response, the author argues that he created a “lived morale ” during the early 1620s. Further, he argues that Descartes endorsed it throughout his lifetime and concludes that he advocated it from the Rules for the Direction of the Mind (1620s) to the Passions of the Soul (1648).
Yogalebrities: The postfeminist, fashionable construction of ‘psychic life’ on social media
Authors: Luna Mora Juliana , Podkalicka Aneta
Published: June 2024

The appeal and impact of social media influencers within contemporary consumer culture has been a much-explored topic in fashion and media research. However, there are limited studies of yogalebrities – celebrity yoga practitioners who gain global visibility and following through branded product endorsements and modelling contracts – despite their leading role within the culturally and economically significant wellness industry. Furthermore, while the existing scholarship considers the intersections between consumer culture and spirituality, it is yet to grant due recognition to the active production and consumption of fashionable spiritual feminine identities produced on and through prevalent social media. Drawing on the combined insights from media, fashion and feminist studies, we discuss how yogalebrities represent and perpetuate normative ideals about femininity and its spiritual dimensions. We ground the discussion in the analysis of two different cases of yogalebrities: celebrity influencer Sjana Elise and micro-influencer Jessamyn Stanley. We demonstrate how they fold entrepreneurial opportunities into self-actualizing, self-branded intimate narratives to seek legitimacy and commercial success, and how their audience engagement capitalizes on, commodifies and stylizes spiritual values that underpin western yoga philosophy. By documenting these complex tactics, we contribute to fashion studies’ and feminist media studies’ understanding of the mediatized and increasingly fashionable psychic life of women.
Serviço GidLab: Impulsionando a pesquisa experimental em Gestão de Identidade
Authors: Matheus Trindade Dalmazo Luan , Farias Jorge , Ribeiro Filho Airton , Sousa Fiterlinge , Silva Wangham Michelle
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTAn available infrastructure for testing authentication and authorizationflows is often necessary in the Identity Management (IdM) field.Creating virtual environments for this purpose can result in highcosts in terms of time, effort, and resources required for buildingand maintaining these setups. Thus, GIdLab emerges as a laboratorydedicated to experimentation, provided by the Brazilian NationalEducation and Research Network (RNP). GIdLab offers specializedconsultancy in IdM with a tailor-made experimentation lab thatprovides a set of authorization and authentication infrastructuresand an eduroam environment ready to be used by researchers andsoftware developers. This article aims to describe GIdLab service,its infrastructure, the associated federations, the use of proxies, relatedprojects, identity decentralized testbed, and, finally, the resultsobtained over ten years of supporting experimentation.
Um Jogo Digital Sobre Representatividade Feminina na Computação
Authors: Fabrício Auler Caua , Hartmann Ferreira Vinicius
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe lack of representation in the field of Computing has beenpointed out as one of the reasons for the low presence of girlsin Computing careers. Thus, reflecting on diversity, equity, andinclusion in this area becomes important and urgent. The useof games for this purpose has shown significant results, asthey are popular among various age groups. This articlepresents partial results of the development of a game thataddresses famous personalities from the history of computingand the erasure of their contributions. The game currentlyfeatures one level and adopts a mechanics like the card gameReigns, which facilitates its expansion.
Explorando o potencial do ChatGPT para geração de conteúdo didático: Uma proposta para construção de histórias em quadrinhos para ensino de programação
Authors: Silva Wildemarkes , Carlos C. Fonseca Luís , Pontes Fernando Pontes , Viana Christiano
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the use of comic books (HQs) developedwith the help of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and promptengineering (EP) techniques for teaching Python programming.The methodology includes generating scripts, dialogues, andillustrations through AI, with expert technical review. Qualitativeresearch examines how visual elements can aid in the understandingof programming concepts. Preliminary results point to theeffectiveness of this approach in enhancing student comprehension,indicating the potential of comic books as a teaching resource.Future research will assess its comparative effectiveness totraditional methods and explore the applicability of differentgenerative models and programming languages.
Identificação de cryptojacking: Uma Análise de ferramentas
Authors: Barroso Passos Isadora , Pinto de Souza Gabriel , Mori Lazarin Nilson
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis study explores the surge in cryptojacking due to the widespreadpopularity of cryptocurrencies. With a focus on safeguardingusers against unauthorized cryptocurrency mining, the articleevaluates five browser extension. Moreover, was developed a botthat can analyze infected sites, generating a final list that was thentested with the extensions to compare their performance. Additionally,the study produces an updated list of infected sites byprocessing URLs from two distinct databases. The bots enable testingwith different databases, facilitating the assessment of variousprotection tools against cryptojacking.
Experiências na Elaboração de Cursos MOOC para a Formação de Professores: Robótica Educacional e Práticas Maker
Authors: De Oliveira E. Costa Josiane , Henrique V. Cândido Paulo , Martinelli Suéllen , Moreira F. Junior Wilton , Henrique da S. Santos Carlos
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) has worldwide beenexplored by universities and private companies as an alternativeto scale their educational practices through Internet media. Henceforth,digital technologies and teaching-learning methodologiesare researched to provide affordable platforms where the studentscan build their own knowledge. In this context, this work introducessome educational and technological challenges to developand maintain MOOC platforms for free short courses for professorsthat want to introduce maker learning practices with 3D Printersand programming educational solutions with Arduino basedtechnologies. The challenge is to create a step-by-step course withexercises whose students would learn by practicing, reflecting thesesteps and applying them in their educational workday. In order toattempt these requirements a course based on short videos, followedby tasks and a mini project were planned to evaluate how thesestudents engage in the platform and to maximize their experience.
Diálogo Elétrico em Plantas: Técnicas de Aprendizado de Máquina Aplicadas à Identificação de Estresse
Authors: Minoru Izumida de Almeida Pedro , Da Silva Junior Orlando
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTPlants can emit electrical signals under stress conditions, such aspredator attacks and climatic changes. The capture andidentification of these signals allows biologists and otherresearchers to identify the cause of the stress and contribute to theidentification of external factors that may pose a risk to plant health.This research aims to classify the presence of stress through theelectrical signals emitted by plants in response to different types ofstimuli, generated in controlled environments, using MachineLearning techniques. Several algorithms are applied, and the resultsare compared. Tree-based models show better responses inidentifying different types of stress in plants.
ChatBot: Conhecendo Mulheres das Exatas
Authors: Damando Santos Fabrícia Damando Santos , Antunes Soares Gabriel , Fernandes Machado Bruna , Henrique D. Ostroski Lucas
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe presence of women in learning spaces in courses in the exactsciences area remains low, a fact that needs to be changed throughactions that enable greater gender diversity in the area. The UERGScomputing course has approximately 20% female students uponadmission, which is considered low. Changing this statistic requiresactions to be taken with female students during basic education, tospark interest in the area. In order to present the area of exactsciences to girls from basic education schools, which are close toUERGS, there is the Project Include Gurias that has beendeveloping actions such as workshops and scientific disseminationexclusively for girls from schools in the region, presenting the areaof exact sciences and seeking to encourage more girls to becomeinterested in computing. In this work, we sought to developteaching material to support the scientific dissemination of womenin exact sciences, with easy access and via smartphone, meaningthat anyone with a cell phone could have access to the interactivecontent. Therefore, a ChatBot was developed, which is calledChatBot Include Gurias, which provides a real-time conversation,whose theme is women scientists in the field of exact sciences.
Chatbot para Atendimento em uma Secretaria Acadêmica: Facilitando Comunicações por meio de Linguagem Simples
Authors: Gabriel Pozzobon dos Santos João , Gentil da Silva Pavarini Ariane , Chagas Maykon , Reis Vieira Santos Rauta Caroline , De Souza Inácio Andrei
Published: June 2024

RESUMOEste artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento de um chatbot usandolinguagem simples, acessível por meio de uma interface web. Estechatbot destaca-se pela sua flexibilidade na interpretação de linguagemnatural, evidenciada por interações bem-sucedidas em oitotópicos distintos. Em fase de testes e validação, o chatbot demonstrauma notável capacidade de compreensão contextual, gerandorespostas claras e adaptáveis. Além do aspecto funcional, a interfaceweb oferece informações sobre o projeto de pesquisa, criandouma experiência completa para os usuários, incluindo exemplosde interação para uma compreensão mais abrangente. Este estudodestaca não apenas as conquistas técnicas, mas também a aplicabilidadeprática do chatbot em ambientes diversos, consolidando suarelevância no panorama da interação humano-máquina.
IFootball: Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos no Ensino Técnico
Authors: João Maldaner Otávio , Moutinho da Silva Murilo , Hartmann Ferreira Vinicius
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTEste artigo apresenta o IFootball, um sistema similar ao fantasy game Cartola para os jogos interséries de uma instituição pública federal de educação. O sistema foi desenvolvido por estudantes em uma disciplina do curso técnico em informática integrado ao ensino médio a partir da metodologia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos. A percepção da turma sobre a atividade foi obtida a partir das respostas a um questionário, após a sua finalização. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a atividade proporcionou para a turma uma experiência de desenvolvimento de software em equipe, estimulando a colaboração e o aperfeiçoamento de habilidades técnicas. Por outro lado, a divisão de tarefas dentro das equipes foi indicada como um fator negativo.
Ascites Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and May Be Undertreated: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Justin , Cui Yujie , Osipov Arsen , Gong Jun , Pandol Stephen , Lo Simon , Nissen Nicholas , Abbas Anser , Levi Abrahm , Hendifar Andrew
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as most patients present with advanced disease. The development of ascites has been associated with poor outcomes and further characterization and contemporary management strategies are needed.

METHODS:

A total of 437 patients enrolled in the Gastrointestinal Biobank at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center who had epithelial pancreatic malignancy were included in the prospective cohort group. Overall, 41.7% of patients included in this study developed ascites. Most patients with ascites (>80%) had high serum-ascites albumin gradient ascites. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, a history of ≥1 form of chemotherapy was significantly associated with ascites. Estimated median overall survival in patients with ascites was significantly lower than in patients without ascites, 473 days vs 573 days, and ascites had a hazard ratio of 1.37.

RESULTS:

Patients with ascites who received diuretics and indwelling peritoneal catheter had an estimated median survival of 133 days from diagnosis of ascites, and those who received only the indwelling peritoneal catheter without diuretics had an estimated median survival of only 54 days. The estimated median survival from the diagnosis of ascites was 92 days, and the median time to puncture was 7 days. The median time from first tap to death was 45 days.

DISCUSSION:

The use of diuretics is lower than would be expected for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with elevated serum-ascites albumin gradient. Other therapies such as beta blockers should be investigated in this subset of patients. The etiology of ascites in these patients is poorly understood, and further research is needed to establish treatment guidelines and improve outcomes.
Interstitial Lung Disease as an Emerging Contributor to Mortality in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Epidemiological Study
Authors: Vaezi Atefeh , Ashby Tracy , Schweitzer Michael , Ghali Peter , Mirsaeidi Mehdi
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

We aim to investigate the contribution of interstitial lung disease (ILD) to mortality in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

METHODS:

We performed a comprehensive retrospective, population-based epidemiological study across the United States from 2001 to 2020, using the Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. Mortality data were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, with the codes J84 for ILD, K50 for Crohn's disease, and K51 for ulcerative colitis. To discern patterns, age-adjusted mortality rates (AMR) were computed, stratified by sex, geographic census region, and racial/ethnic demographics.

RESULTS:

From 2001 to 2020, there were 57,967 reported deaths among patients with IBD with an AMR per million significantly rising from 10.989 in 2001–2005 to 11.443 in 2016–2020 (P < 0.0001). ILD was a contributor to death in 1.19% (692/57,967) of these cases, with AMR rising from 0.092 to 0.143 per million (P = 0.010). The percentage of ILD-related deaths in the IBD population increased from 1.02% to 1.30% over 2 decades. ILD was a more common cause of death in patients with Crohn's disease than with ulcerative colitis (54.6% vs 45.4%), with a significant increase for both conditions from 2001 to 2020 (P < 0.05). An upward trend in ILD-related mortality was observed in both sexes (P < 0.05) and within the White population (P = 0.010).

DISCUSSION:

The observed increase in mortality rates due to ILD among patients with IBD is concerning and highlights a critical need for systematic ILD screening protocols within the IBD patient population to facilitate early detection and management.