bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECHANISM OF HIV PENETRATION
Authors: Mavrov G.I. , Scherbakova Y.V. , Ishcheikin K. Ye. , Kameniev V.I. , Yemchenko Ya. A.
Published: July 2019

Prevention of human immunodeficiency virus transmission through intercourse consists in combining highly effective biomedical, behavioural, and structural interventions. The purpose of this review was to summarize our own and global studies on the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus through the mucous membranes of the genital organs. Global reports of the United Nations agency on the fight against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, statistical reports of individual countries (in particular, Ukraine), materials of the World Health Organization for the period from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed. Improving and implementing measures to prevent the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus are extremely necessary to halt the global epidemic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and to finally overcome it. Studies on animal models and the investigation of acute infection pathogenesis in humans have revealed vulnerabilities in the behaviour of the virus during penetration through the mucous membrane of the genital organs in the very early stages of infection. The data obtained open up new directions for the use of prophylactic vaccines and antiretroviral drugs to prevent the development of systemic infection, with the depletion of CD4 T cells. These studies enabled us to conclude that prevention strategies should target the earliest stages of infection for the following reasons: the vulnerability of the virus, which at an early stage is located in small populations of the founding cells at the site of entry for the infection; in order to develop as a systemic infection, the local spread of the virus is first necessary; the adverse effects that develop rapidly are associated only with a systemic infection. Thus, in near future, the effectiveness of the prevention of human immunodeficiency virus transmitted through sexual intercourse will depend on the solution of scientific and practical issues of immunology.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF H. PYLORI ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
Authors: Tchumak Yu. V. , Loban H. A. , Faustova M. O. , Ananieva M. M. , Voynash V. F.
Published: July 2019

Infection caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human infections. The discovery of H. pylori contributed to a revolution in the ideas of aetiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of some diseases, i.e. gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, duodenitis. Ulcerative disease in almost 100% of cases is associated with H. pylori. Such factors as distress, psychological and genetic factors are also associated with the development of the disease. Н. pylori are detected in 80-100% of patients with chronic gastritis, and in 90 – 100% of patients with duodenal ulcer. Traditionally, Н. pylori-associated diseases are treated by gastroenterologists and general practitioners, although they are infectious diseases in their essence. In our country, the quite typical is the type of the infection with its onset in childhood and very high prevalence rate in adults. Another characteristic of "national" Н. pylori is a pronounced carcinogenic potential that is accompanied by gastric malignancies. For preventing and managing a number of H. pylori-associated diseases, eradication therapy (ET) is used. Literally, eradication means the complete destruction of something. In medical terminology, this word is applied to integrated therapeutic methods aimed at eliminating a pathogen, and antibacterials are the non-alternative components of the eradicating therapy. The presence of flagella, as well as a smooth cell wall and spiral shape, allows this microorganism to move in the mucus along the pH gradient. The cell wall of H. pylori is smooth; the electron-dense glycocalyx (capsule-like membrane) including carbohydrate-containing polymers needed for adhesion of the microorganism on the surface of epithelial cells is outside of the cell membrane. H. pylori produce highly active enzymes such as urease, oxidase and mucinase. Flagella provide the mobility, which is necessary for colonizing the mucous membrane. Biological and biochemical properties, pathogenicity factors can impede antibacterial therapy to some extent. The effectiveness of the number of modes of antibacterial therapy often recommended for H. Pylori-associated diseases is increasingly reducing due to the ever-increasing resistance of bacterium to many antimicrobial drugs such as : metronidazole, amoxicillin, tetracyclines, clarithromycin, furazolidone.
THE ROLE OF URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID AND L-CARNITINE COMBINED THERAPY FOR THE TREATMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND COMORBIF NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS
Authors: Shcherbak O.V.
Published: July 2019

According to the current views on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, it potentiates rapidly progressing atherosclerotic processes with an increased risk of acute cardiovascular events onset. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the role of Ursodeoxycholic acid and L-carnitine combined therapy in potentiation of hypolipidemic effect of Rosuvastatin taken in a standard dose of 20 mg/day on the example of a patient with ischemic heart disease and comorbid non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Materials and methods. The study presents the information on the clinical case of a patient K., 45 year old, with ischemic heart disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Laboratory and instrumental tests revealed increased levels of alanine aminotransferase activity – 93 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase – 42 U/L, gamma-glutamyltransferase – 87 U/L that corresponds to moderate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Changes in the patient’s lipid profile indicated atherogenic dyslipidemia ІІb phenotype according to Fredrickson classification: cholesterol reached up to 7.7 mmol/L, LDL cholesterol increased up to 4.99 mmol/L, triglycerides increased up to 1.78 mmol/L, atherogenic index grew up to 5.16. The level of HDL cholesterol was 1.25 mmol/L. The proposed therapeutic approach of co-administration of Ursodeoxycholic acid, L-carnitine and Rosuvastatin taken in an average therapeutic dose allows us to decrease liver function disturbances, characterized by 1.8 time decrease of alanine aminotransferase activity, 2.5 time decrease of gamma-glutamyltransferase and contributes to lipid indexes normalization, characterized by 1.7 time decrease in cholesterol, 1.9 time decrease in LDL cholesterol, 1.2 time decrease in triglycerides and up to 2.7 time decrease in atherogenic index. At the same time, the stable level of HDL cholesterol, 1.24 mmol/L, was observed that reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases progression and their complications. The combination of Ursodeoxycholic acid and L-carnitine can be recommended as an additional therapy to the treatment with statins taken in average therapeutic doses for patients with ischemic heart disease and comorbid non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
EFFECT OF SUBATMOSPHERIC NEGATIVE PRESSURE ON BIASED pH CHANGES IN PURULENT NECROTIC DEFECTS IN DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME
Authors: Kizimenko O.O.
Published: July 2019

The number of patients with diabetes mellitus worldwide is increasing with geometric progression, and thus there is an increase in the percentage of related complications. Diabetic foot syndrome is one of the most serious chronic complications that often results in early disability, long stretches of hospitalization, mounting expenses, and an amputated limb. At present, vacuum therapy in the treatment of purulent necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome is being successfully used in medical practice. The aim of our study was to search and verify for indirect methods of express control of the vacuum therapy efficacy. Based on applying our patented local treatment technique, which includes the negative pressure wound therapy, we determined the pH dynamic changes and the monitored the microbiological climate of wounds. According to the results obtained, the high efficacy of the proposed technique has been found out and statistically confirmed. Starting from the 4th day of applying this technique, the main group demonstrated induced, significantly accelerated pH changes in the wounds that create the conditions for early growth of granulation tissue; the reduction of microbial load in the wound indirectly enhances these processes that were found out twice as slow in the comparison group. Therefore, the contact pH monitoring of wound is quite helpful for checking the therapy efficacy as well as for predicting the course of wound healing. Our study has confirmed its effectiveness in pH changing that positively affects the course of wound healing. Applying negative pressure wound therapy as an integral component of combined treatment of purulent necrotic lesions of diabetic foot syndrome allows medical practitioners to accelerate pH changes to reach their optimum values and considerably promotes the beginning of the second phase of wound healing. The study has also proven the enhanced elimination of bacterial agents from the wound by using this technique that also promotes the early activation of the phase 2 and significantly reduces the percentage of suppurative complications in the future.
FREQUENCY AND RISKS OF ADVERSE OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN NEONATES
Authors: Klymchuk Yu.Yu.
Published: July 2019

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common endocrinopathies during pregnancy. The issue on the prevalence of its adverse outcomes depending on the time of diabetes onset – before or during pregnancy – is still remaining unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk of adverse outcomes associated with GDM in neonates in Poltava region. Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective study that included 10.025 infants born to primigravidae under 28 weeks. Group I included infants (n = 35) who were born to mothers with GDM, and group II covered infants (n = 82) who were born to mothers with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). The control group included 9908 infants who were born to mothers without diabetes. Results. The risks of neonatal respiratory distress were significantly higher in neonates born to women with PGDM and GDM than in women without diabetes (RR 59.6 (95% CI 39.9-88.9) and RR 81.7 (95% CI 38.1- 175), whereas the risk of asphyxia was higher only in women with GDM (RR 16.4 (95% CI 6.5-41.4). Among the mothers with PGDM and GDM, no significant differences were observed in the number of infants with macrosomia (51.4% and 61.0%), hypoglycemia (37.1% and 31.7%), hospitalization in the intensive care unit (31.4% and 48.8%) and mechanical ventilation (20.0% and 23.2%). Conclusion. Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of developing maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. The incidence of preeclampsia, premature birth, neonatal respiratory distress, macrosomia, and the use of mechanical ventilation in infants are the same in mothers with gestational and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus.
INTERLEUKIN 6 METABOLISM AND FUNCTIONAL KIDNEY STATUS IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Prytkova A.V.
Published: July 2019

Much attention paid to the problem of early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) is due to its socio-economic significance. Kidney damage in RA occurs is reported as highly prevalent ranging from 36 to 73% and of great clinical significance, since it contributes much to the course of the underlying disease and increases mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate the interrelation between interleukin-6 metabolism (IL-6) and impaired kidneys functional status at the debut of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and methods. This study included 35 patients aged over 18 with eRA. The average age of patients was 50.71 ± 2.25 years (from 18 to 76 years), there were 80% of women; the average duration of the disease at the time of the initial examination was 9.21 ± 0.43 months. Results. The index of microalbuminuria was found to increase by 154.57% with an elevation of IL-6 values ​​above 50 percentile. Also, microglobulinuria values ​​increased by 207.14% in patients of the subgroup with IL-6 values ​​above 50 percentile compared to the patients below 50 percentile. The glomerular permeability index, reflecting the average concentration of albumin in the glomerular ultrafiltrate, increased by 87.93% along with the increase in pro-inflammatory marker IL-6 in patients of the subgroup above 50 percentile relative to patients with low IL-6 values. Progressively with an increase in IL-6 values, a renal functional reserve dropped by 69.42% between subgroups below and above 50 percentile. Conclusion. Elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 is associated with changes in key markers of renal function, reflecting the presence of a direct connection between the degree of inflammatory activity in RA and the degree of renal dysfunction as the disease progresses.
PECULIARITIES OF PARANEPHRAL ABSCESSES WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Savchenko R.B. , Panasenko S.M. , Shudrya D.V.
Published: July 2019

Until now the appropriateness of surgical tactics for paranephral abscess has been unquestionable. However, due to the improvement of visualizing techniques and wide clinical implementation of minimally invasive technologies, new prospects in the treatment of the disease are coming to light. The article demonstrates the peculiarities of aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of 73 patients with perinephric abscess, which in most cases develops without being accompanied with obstructive nephropathy. Purulent inflammatory process in the paranephral fatty tissue without obstructive nephropathy was preceded by infectious inflammatory diseases of different localization, hypothermia and trauma. More often, purulent inflammation in the paranephral fatty tissue developed in patients with diabetes mellitus. Septic complications were seen in 80.8% of all cases. At the same time, in patients with diabetes mellitus, the complication rate was significantly higher. Based on the recommendations of the EAU, for starting therapy we used antibiotics, the sensitivity of uropathogens to which, according to the results of the local monitoring of the microbial landscape in the urological department exceeded 90%. After obtaining the results of bacteriological culture test, correction of antibacterial therapy was performed. Percutaneous drainage of a purulent focus was carried out under general anaesthesia with ultrasound guidance, according the Seldinger technique. Severe septic complications occurred in 80.8% of patients without obstructive nephropathy and in 86.3% of patients with obstructive nephropathy, more often in diabetics. Ultrasound and CT with contrast enhancement allow revealing a purulent focus in the paranephral fatty tissue with high probability. Percutaneous drainage has proven to be an effective method for the treatment of paranephral abscess.
CHANGES AND DYNAMICS OF INTRAOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AFTER APPLYING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CATARACT
Authors: Steblovskaya I. S. , Bezkorovayna I. M.
Published: July 2019

Transition to the small incision surgery and the practice of cataract phacoemulsification and femtosecond-guided cataract phacoemulsification have contributed to the reduction of postoperative complications, however, despite this, there are some potentially dangerous sight problems that include infective endophthalmitis, toxic syndrome of the eye anterior segment, intraoperative suprachoroidoid hemorrhage, cystic macular edema, retinal detachment, persistent corneal edema and IOL dislocation. According to the study conducted in the UK, the overall frequency of complications following phacoemulsification was 8.7%. Complications that arise at any stage of the surgical intervention and after it have a negative impact on the immediate and remote functional outcomes of the treatment. Thus, the improvement of surgical treatment of age-related cataracts by studying the features and mechanisms of the development of postoperative edema in the central retinal zone, as well as the development of new methods for predicting this complication, is an urgent problem of ophthalmology. The aim of this study was to determine and differentiate the frequency and dynamics of intraoperative, early and late post-operative complications in various techniques of surgical treatment of age-related cataracts. Materials and methods. 558 patients (558 eyes) with cataracts participated in the examination and treatment. The first group consisted of 298 patients (298 eyes) who underwent standard phacoemulsification, and the second group involved 260 patients (260 eyes) who were performed on femtosecond-guided cataract phacoemulsification. The examination was carried out on the 1 day, and in 1, 3 6 and 12 months after cataract surgery. The use of femtosecond laser can reduce the rate of intraoperative, as well as early and late post-operative complications after the cataract removal.
CIRCADIAN-RELATED ECTOPIC RHYTHMS IN YOUNG PATIENTS: ETHIOPATHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND PRINCIPLES OF THERAPY
Authors: Zhdan V.M. , Katerenchuk О.І.
Published: July 2019

The autonomic nervous system plays a key role in the processes of adaptation, regulating the functioning of the whole organism. And a disturbance of the heart rhythm is typically one of the first manifestations of autonomic circadian maladaptation. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between circadian rhythm disorders and autonomic misbalance with the occurrence of arrhythmic events in young patients with the further development of treatment strategy. Materials and methods: the study was performed at the Medical Centre «MEDION». 34 patients aged 18-35 years were enrolled to the study, divided into the test and control groups. Results: despite a significantly higher frequency of supraventricular arrhythmias in the test group compared to the control group, the supraventricular extrasystoles occurred in the control group predominantly at night time (with peak from 3 to 6 a.m.). In the test group, atrial ectopic beats were observed predominantly from 5 to 12 a. m. In the group of patients with the number of ventricular ectopic complexes over 500 / day, no time interval was found, during which the number of ventricular extrasystoles was statistically significantly predominant. The most important factors of ventricular ectopic events occurrence included: sleeping less than 6 hours, job lasting over 10 hours a day, and too little time spent outdoors. All individuals were recommended to modify their lifestyle and take when necessary autonomic normalization agents and antiarrhythmics. Conclusion: the modern lifestyle of the young generation leads to the disturbance of circadian biorhythms as a result of the unbalanced autonomic regulation and the subsequent occurrence of ectopic arrhythmic events. The most unfavourable factors in this case are sleeping less than 6 hours, a working day lasting over 10 hours, and outdoor-spent time lasting less than 2 hours a day.
Rodovna i sklonidbena dvojnost imenica u hrvatskome jeziku
Authors: Bošnjak Botica Tomislava , Budja Jurica , Hržica Gordana
Published: July 2019

Novija istraživanja o morfološkom preobilju podastrla su dovoljno podataka koji dovode u pitanje dosad prevladavajuće mišljenje da jezik izbjegava sinonimiju, odnosno da postojanje jednoga oblika sprječava nastajanje drugoga oblika istoga značenja. U ovom se radu ta pojava obrađuje u okviru hrvatske imenične fleksije, u imenica koje pripadaju dvama rodovima i dvjema sklonidbenim vrstama. Istraživanje prati pojavu i zastupljenost deset odabranih imenica kroz dijakronijske i suvremene potvrde.
The dative in Croatian Štokavian and Kajkavian grammars up to 1860
Authors: Horvat Marijana , Šarić Ljiljana
Published: July 2019

This article deals with the approach to the dative case in Kajkavian and Štokavian grammars from 1604 to 1859. We concentrate on seventeen grammars, primarily focusing on their presentation of the meaning of the dative case. Remarks related to the meaning of the dative are mainly found in the parts of these grammars discussing syntax, and to a lesser extent in other parts. A significant feature of the majority of the grammars examined is their presentation of what modern grammars consider dative and locative (constructions) under the same umbrella of the dative case or the “third” case. The reason for this is a “morphology first” rule: the identical morphological form (in the singular) influenced grammarians’ conceptualization of what are considered typical dative constructions (e.g., those with the preposition k) and locative ones (e.g., those with the preposition u in static contexts) as dative constructions. Including the dative and locative prepositions in the scope of a single case in the singular led to an implicit assumption about the semantic profile of the dative: it occurs in static and dynamic constructions, and its semantic profile is different in the singular and plural.
Rise
and fall of vowel length in Slavic
Authors: Kortlandt Frederik
Published: July 2019

My observation that Mate Kapović’s ideas about Slavic accentuation lack a chronological perspective has evoked a furious reaction (Kortlandt 2016b: 478f., Kapović 2017). Since his account can easily leave a false impression on an uninitiated reader, I will here try to clarify the major issues in the simplest way possible. I will limit myself to the five topics that Kapović apparently found most difficult to appreciate: pretonic vowel length, the genitive plural, monosyllabic lengthening, length in medial syllables, and length in Czech monosyllables. The numbers of the stages mentioned below refer to the detailed relative chronology of Slavic phonological developments that I have proposed elsewhere (Kortlandt 1989, 2011: 157‑176, 277‑309).
Osvrt na kajkavski i štokavske govore Reke kod Koprivnice
Authors: Lončarić Mijo
Published: July 2019

U Reki se govori kajkavski i štokavski, i to tri idioma: kajkavski (s dvije starije i jednom novijom varijantom) te dva štokavska. Većina Hrvata govori, odnosno govorila je kajkavski, a manji dio govori istočnobosanskim, ijekavsko-šćakavskim dijalektom. Srbi govore novoštokavskom (i)jekavštinom („novoštakavskom”), istočnohercegovačkim dijalektom. Kajkavski govor, koji je moj rodni idiom, istražio sam za Hrvatski jezični atlas (punkt 37a). Iznosim pretpostavku o jeziku u Podravini prije migracija, govorim o nastanku sela te prikazujem glavne osobine govora. Osvrćem se i na susjedne govore.
Mali korak prema usustavljenju terminologije aspektologije na hrvatskome jeziku
Authors: Le Calvé Ivičević Evaine , Pranjković Iva
Published: July 2019

Brojni radovi posvećeni glagolskom vidu u različitim slavenskim, ali i u drugim jezicima u kojima ova kategorija nije morfološki obilježena, proizveli su obilje naziva te doveli do nejasnoća koje predstavljaju prepreke u razvoju aspektologije. U tradiciji radova koji opisuju glagolski vid i aspektna značenja u slavenskim jezicima pojedini se nazivi redovno pojavljuju, dok noviji nazivi nemaju nužno isto značenje pod perom svih autora koji ih koriste. No uz iznimku rijetkih članaka koji opisuju pojedine teme, nijedan autor nakon Đure Grubora nije pokušao razraditi cjelovito nazivlje koje bi udovoljilo potrebama za opisom aspektnih značenja u hrvatskome. Iz toga proizlazi potreba za preispitivanjem postojećih naziva i definicija pojmova koje označavaju kako bismo mogli ponuditi precizno osnovno nazivlje kao poticaj za nastavak istraživanja o aspektologiji. U prvom dijelu istraživanja ponudit ćemo pregled do sada korištenih naziva i pojmova u radovima posvećenim glagolskom vidu. U drugom dijelu predložit ćemo usustavljeno osnovno nazivlje i harmonizirane definicije u njemu označenih pojmova.
Inhalt (‘content’) as a technical term in musical semiotics
Authors: Meeùs Nicolas
Published: July 2019

Inhalt (‘content’) is so common that it could hardly pass as a technical term. The purpose of this article is to show that from the 18th to the 20th century it was nevertheless used particularly to denote the specifically musical meaning arising from what music ‘contains’ of notes, rhythms, melodic cells, etc. Hegel, Marx, Hauptmann, Hanslick, Schenker, Schoenberg and probably others shared the same view that music has a content of its own, one that cannot be translated in verbal language.
Some examples from a corpus investigation of potentially confusing polysemy and false friends in the terminology of music, centred on English and French, with equivalents in five other languages
Authors: Granado Paola , Miller Roger
Published: July 2019

This paper presents five of the initial items of a semantic study of confusable terms and false friends present in the lexis of music in English and French. All forms are also given in Italian, German, Spanish, Russian and Chinese. The object of study is a series of texts from corpora provided by New Sketch Engine, a product of Lexical Computing Limited. In the commentary section, the semantic variance between the different items within the same topic is studied. The approach is essentially synchronic, with priority being given to the examination of current usage. Diachronic considerations are also included where it has been possible to explain, or at least hypothesize how the meaning of the various terms has evolved. The main practical application of the paper is to provide a tool for reducing ambiguity in the area of music terminology. It will be of potential interest to all those concerned by the study and practice of music and the language of music in countries where the languages referred to in this study are in use.
Slovene musical terminology in textbooks between past and present
Authors: Panić Grazio Jelena
Published: July 2019

The aim of this paper is to present the most important issues of the Slovene music terminology in the field of teaching music theory. The examples chosen tackle the problem of equating two or more terms with different meanings (e.g. G-clef and treble clef, chord and triad, terms that refer to patterns of accents and beats). The hypothesis of this paper is that the lack of any clear separation between terms and concepts is misleading for readers and possibly counterproductive in understanding the material. The chosen examples illustrate the link between synonymy and polysemy on one hand and terminological inconsistencies on the other.
Encapsulation of neurotoxins - blockers of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors - in nanomaterials based on sulfated polysaccharides
Authors: Nguyen Trung D. , Nguyen The N. , Nguyen Khoa C. , Tran Quyen N. , Hoang Anh N. , Egorova N. S. , Starkov V. G. , Tsetlin V. I. , Utkin Yu. N.
Published: July 2019

The three-finger snake neurotoxins are selective antagonists of some nicotinic cholinergic receptor subtypes and are used to study these receptors. The peptide neurotoxin azemiopsin, recently isolated from the venom of Azemipos feae, is a selective muscle-type cholinergic receptor blocker. In order to reduce their toxicity and increase resistance under physiological conditions, we have encapsulated these toxins into nanomaterials. The study of nanomaterials after interaction with neurotoxins by the methods of transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering revealed an increase in the size of nanoparticles, which indicates the inclusion of neurotoxins in nanomaterials.
Asynchronous threshold networks with multisorted signals
Authors: Kuznetsov O. P.
Published: July 2019

An asynchronous threshold network is a network of threshold elements (agents) that operate in continuous time. The agents can be in one of two states: active or passive. An active agent generates a signal of certain sort (color) and power. This signal is received by all agents that have inputs of the same color. An agent has a potential that changes under exciting or inhibiting effects of signals; it is active only if its potential exceeds a threshold. Changes in agent activity are events that divide a continuous timeline into discrete time steps. The dependence of the behavior of an autonomous network on the values of its parameters is studied.
Nonsmooth variational problems for the accelerometer unit calibration
Authors: Matasov A. I.
Published: July 2019

Within the framework of the guaranteeing approach to estimation, a new formalization for the accelerometer unit calibration problem is proposed. This problem reduces to the analysis of special variational problems. Based on the new formalization the scalarization method is justified; this method is widely used to calibrate the accelerometer unit. In particular, the limit of its applicability is determined.
Absorption spectra of single-crystal and optical ceramics of fluorite in terahertz and infrared ranges
Authors: Komandin G. A. , Nozdrin V. S. , Fedorov P. P. , Osiko V. V.
Published: July 2019

The transmission spectra of a single crystal, artificial and natural fluorite ceramics were recorded in the areas of material transparency in THz and the average IR range at room temperature. In the region of high absorption, the reflectance spectra were measured. Differences in the optical characteristics of a single crystal and optical ceramics are insignificant.
About the features of hypersonic flow past a yawed plate
Authors: Dudin G. N. , Neyland V. Ya.
Published: July 2019

The flow around the yawed plate in the regime of strong interaction is considered in the case when the pressure at its trailing edge is not constant, but changes along the transverse coordinate. It is shown that in the case of large transverse gradients of the induced pressure, the type of expansions of flow functions in the vicinity of the leading edge changes significantly and the third term of the expansions should be taken into account.
On spontaneously radiating shock waves
Authors: Kulikovskiy A. G. , Il’ichev A. T. , Chugainova A. P. , Shargatov V. A.
Published: July 2019

A solution representing the structure of a spontaneously radiating shock wave is constructed and its stability in the linear approximation is investigated. Linear waves of perturbations that can propagate through the structure and waves radiating into the flow region behind the structure are found, i.e. there are waves corresponding to the spontaneous radiation of perturbations by a shock wave considered as a discontinuity surface.
Peptide derivatives of some physiologically active substances
Authors: Shevchenko V. P. , Andreeva L. A. , Nagaev I. Yu. , Myasoedov N. F.
Published: July 2019

The synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs was carried out. It was shown that these condensations proceed with side reactions, which could be minimized by optimizing the conditions for the synthesis. The most universal approach to the synthesis of Boc-Gly-Pro-Dox, Boc-Gly-Pro-DOPA, Boc-Gly-Pro-Srt and their deuterated analogs is condensation of Boc-Gly-Pro or Boc-Gly-[2H]Pro with amino groups of dopamine, serotonin and doxorubicin. It was found that for the introduction of hydrogen isotopes in ΔPro, it is advisable to hydrogenate its aqueous solution, followed by condensation of the reduced proline with Boc-GlyOSu. Mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of isotopomers in deuterated products.
Authigenic carbonates from holocene sediments of Lake Itkul (south of West Siberia) as indicators of climate changes
Authors: Solotchina E. P. , Kuzmin M. I. , Solotchin P. A. , Maltsev A. E. , Leonova G. A. , Danilenko I. V.
Published: July 2019

The results of the study of carbonate-containing bottom sediments from the shallow brackish Lake Itkul (Western Siberia) are presented. The research methods include X-ray diffractometry (XRD), IR spectroscopy, laser granulometry, elemental analysis, etc. By the modeling of XRD carbonate profiles with the Pearson VII function, carbonate phases were identified and their quantitative ratios were determined. By the comparing of carbonate record with lithological, geochemical data in a dated sedimentary section, the evolution of the lake basin in the Holocene caused of climatic changes was reconstructed. Mineralogical signals of the global climatic event known as Bond event 4 in the South of West Siberia have been discovered.
The first data about the variations in the content of macro- and microelements and precious metals in vertical sections in industrial wastes of the Fiagdon tailing dump (Republic of North Ossetia - Alania)
Authors: Gurbanov A. G. , Bogatikov O. A. , Leksin A. B. , Gazeev V. M. , Gurbanova O. A. , Lolaev A. B. , Ilaev V. E.
Published: July 2019

The new data published firstly obtained by quantitative methods (XRF and ICP MS) on the terms of the average content of macro- and microelements in industrial wastes of the Fiagdon tailing dump exceed the data used for calculation of the metals reserves stored in tailing pond. While elevated content of precious metals, especially Platinum, revealed for the first time. This makes more attractive measure from an economic point of view. The development of a method for the complete utilization of waste, with the extraction of economically valuable and environmentally hazardous elements.
Numerical modeling of the effects of major components in the melt on the chrome-spinel stability and a possible solution of the origin chromitites problem
Authors: Nikolaev G. S. , Ariskin A. A. , Barmina G. S.
Published: July 2019

Using a new model of the spinel-melt equilibrium SPINMELT-2.0, the effect of variations of fo-, fa-, en-, fs-, di-, an- and ab-components in high-Mg basaltic melts on the topology of the spinel liquidus was quantified. It has been established that enrichment of the melt in pyroxene components leads to an increase, and with plagioclase components, to a decrease in the solubility of chromite. This effect can be important during gravitational compaction of cumulates, accompanied by the extraction of intercumulus melt and its infiltration upward. In this case, one can expect a sequential re-equilibration of the infiltrating melt with cumulative piles of different composition. This suggests the possibility of transfer and new concentration of chrome-spinel at the postcumulus stage of solidification of layered intrusions. The nature of the concentration consists in the extraction of chrome-spinel into the melt enriched in pyroxene components, followed by its discharge during the reaction of this melt with a feldspar-rich matrix of proto-anorthosite layers. The realism of the proposed mechanism is evidenced by the well-known spatial association of chromite layers with anorthosites (intrusion of Ram island, Bushveld complex).
A search for sources of the detritus of the Ordovician sandstones from Sol-Iletsk block (Hole Ordovician 2) based on the first data of the geochemical and Lu/Hf-isotopic systematic of zircons
Authors: Romanyuk T. V. , Belousova E. A. , Kuznetsov N. B. , Gorozhanin V. M. , Gorozhanina E. N.
Published: July 2019

The first isotope-geochemical and geochemical characteristics (the “TerraneChrone” method) of previously dated (U-Pb, LA-ICP-MS) detrital zircons from Ordovician sandstones (borehole Ordovician-2, Sol-Iletsk block) are presented. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of the studied zircons and the corresponding characteristics of the complexes composing the possible feeding provinces is carried out.
Y-REE mineralization in biotite-arfvedsonite granites of the Katugin rare-metal deposit, Transbaikalia, Russia
Authors: Starikova A. E. , Sklyarov E. V. , Sharygin V. V.
Published: July 2019

We provide the results of study of the extremely enriched in Y-REE carbonate-fluorine isolations from biotite-arfvedsonite granite of the Katugin rare metal deposit. New chemical data of isolations mineral phases - gagarinite-(Y), tveitite-(Y), fluocerite-(Ce), basnaesite, fluornatropyroclore, are delivered. Carbonate-fluoride globule in quartz of hosting granite gives possibility to estimate crystallization order. This finding might be the evidence of silicate-fluorine immiscibility suggested before for Y-REE segregations in the Katugin granites. Fluorine melt segregation took likely place at the magmatic stage of biotite-arfvedsonite granite formation. It causes host granite depletion with fluorine and redistribution of REE and Y in fluorine salt melt.
The Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding with the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children
Authors: Aziz Karimah Khitami
Published: July 2019

Growth and development in childhood need to be considered to shape future generations are healthy, intelligent and qualified. Maintenance of children's health is carried out since fetus until age of 18 years. Meanwhile, children at the age of first 5 years of life have a low immune system that is susceptible to various diseases including pulmonary TB disease. One effort to maintain maternal and child health is by giving exclusive breastfeeding. The decline in the use of exclusive breastfeeding in developing countries, especially in urban areas, is the result of socio-cultural changes in the community. Pulmonary TB is a public health problem that is one of the global commitments in the MDG’s that must be controlled. Pulmonary TB is an infectious disease caused by an infection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has attacked almost one-third of the world's population. Children's pulmonary TB is a TB disease that usually attacks children aged 0-14 years. Of the 9 million new cases of TB that occur worldwide each year, an estimated 1 million (11%) of them occur in children under 15 years.
Role of Health Care Professionals in Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections Caused By Carbapenemase Resistant Bacteria: Proactive Approach S in General Hospital Ptuj.
Authors: Veliu Skender , Vrbnjak Dominika , Kaučič Gabrijela Damevska , Kröpfl Jasmina
Published: July 2019

Background: Health-related infections represent a very important complication of health care treatment. They are associated with high morbidity, mortality, disability and high costs of treatment, care and rehabilitation. The problem is its rising incidence, mainly as pathogens have developed various antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Enterobacterias that excrete carbapenemases are a significant problem, especially as the treatment options for infections is increasingly limited. Several guidelines dictate measures to prevent their spread and control at different levels of health care. Implementation of guidelines in practice is not easy, as it requires a lot of knowledge, cooperation, consistency, material, environmental and human resources. The role of health care professionals is indispensable in this field. The aim of the article is to present the role of health care professionals in the prevention of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections and proactive approach of General hospital Ptuj in preventing and controlling CRE.
High Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia in Cardiac Surgery as a Sole Anesthetic Technique. Series of 12 Interventions.
Authors: Huti Gentian , Abdyli Asead , Domi Rudin , Arapi Blerim , Kojqiqi Arben , Jahollari Artan
Published: July 2019

Epidural anesthesia has been used widely as a combination to general anesthesia in cardiac surgery since early seventies. The addition of this technique to general anesthesia may have beneficial effects on clinical outcome. Several clinical trials and experiments have shown that there may be significant benefits using epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgery. Somehow neuroaxial blockade manages to attenuate the response to surgical stress and improve perioperative analgesia. Between august 2014 and September 2018, high thoracic epidural anesthesia was applied to 12 patients as a sole anesthetic technique. Epidural anesthesia was chosen because the patients had relative contraindications to general anesthesia and mechanical ventilation. This paper gives an overview of epidural anesthesia usage and our experience.
Pedicled and Perforator Flaps in Reconstrucion of Post Trauma Defects in Upper Limbs.
Authors: Kola Nardi , Isaraj Sokol , Xhepa Gezim
Published: July 2019

Background: Upper extremity soft tissue reconstruction is an extensive topic as a multitude of options exist for diverse soft tissue defects involving shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. Many of the times flap cover is necessary for resurfacing exposed critical structures like tendons, neurovascular structures, bone and to provide supple tissue over joints. Pedicled and perforator flaps are seen in last years as a good choice to restore length, sensitivity and function of the injured upper limb.

The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the definitions of as well as to present our experience regarding pedicled and perforator flaps.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 15 trauma patients who underwent pedicled and perforator flaps during the 2012-2016 timeframe period was made. The patients were divided according to their type of injury, as well as the types of flasp that were used.

Results: We have performed in total: 7 Foucher’s flaps, 4 Posterior Interosseous Artery flaps, 1 Radial Recurrent Artery flap, 1 Quaba flap, 1 SDMA flap. We had only two cases of partial necrosis of the flaps and all the others survived completely.

Conclusions: Every single flap elevated successfully is linked with a meticulous surgical technique. We should take a special care in pedicle positioning because pedicle strangling was the most important negative factor in our two flap partial necrosis. Understanding the mistakes will help us to improve our surgical techniques day after day.
Multiseptate Gallbladder with Recurrent Abdominal Pain. A Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Demko Vidi , Xhetani Xhesika
Published: July 2019

Background: Chronic abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide. In attacking this problem, the pediatrician often concentrates on the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract as a source of the pain. Too little attention is paid to the gallbladder as the cause of pain in this age group.1 We report a 6-year-old girl who presented with recurrent abdominal pain and was diagnosed as having a multiseptate gallbladder (MSG). MSG, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with recurrent abdominal pain and abdominal ultrasonography should form part of the investigation.
Recurent Abdominal Pain and Intestinal Parasitosis. Our Results in a one Year Study.
Authors: Dika – Haxhirexha Ferizat , Shehu Violeta , Qatipi Ledia , Haxhirexha Aulona , Ademi Aferdita
Published: July 2019

Background: Abdominal pain in children is the most common problem with which the pediatricians faces in their practice. Recurrent abdominal pain is defined as " the presence of at least three episodes of abdominal pain over a period longer than three months and severe enough to affect the activities of the children". Even though it is considered that functional bowel diseases are the most common cause of recurrent abdominal pain several studies have recognized that numerous organic disorder such as intestinal parasitic infections may lead to abdominal pain. Aim: The aim of this study is to observe the prevalence and the type of intestinal parasites in a representative sample of children living in the municipalities of Tetova and Dibra. Materials and methods: Our study was done in a period between January 2018-2019 in the municipalities of Tetova and Dibra. Totally 470 children examined due to recurrent abdominal pain from the pediatrician was subject of this study.Collected stool samples was checked for the presence of intestinal parasites in microbiological laboratories in Tetova and Dibra.

Results: 470 children were included in our study. 248 of them were girls and 222 boys with a median age of 8.2 years. 67 of the children were positive (14.25 %) for intestinal parasites. 

Conclusions: Our study reveals that intestinal parasites were frequent among children in our country. The incidence of intestinal parasitosis is higher among the children who come from families with lower socioeconomic status compared to children who come from families with good conditions. The same situation is related to education, respectively children of educated parents are least vulnerable to intestinal parasitosis.
Designing and Conducting Research in Health and Human Performance
Authors: Blegen Mark
Published: July 2019

In the first edition of Designing and Conducting Research in Health and Human Performance authors Matthews and Kostelis have created a useful and practical text for the undergraduate student in the fields of health and human performance. By using relevant and practical examples and by including each aspect of the research process from identifying the problem to presenting the research, Matthews and Kostelis keep student learning at the forefront of the book. Although difficult to highlight many errors with, or omissions in, the text a few minor technicalities arise. However, the authors have placed emphasis where it should be placed and in the end the reader of this text can more fully engage in the undergraduate research process.
Getting to Know US Latinos
Authors: Perez Miguel A. , Luquis Raffy R.
Published: July 2019

Data from the 2010 US Census Bureau, Latinos are one of the largest non-White groups in the United States, a trend expected to continue during the next two decades. Despite their status as the largest nonWhite populations in the US, Latinos continue to be poorly understood and their heterogeneous backgrounds are often ignored. The purpose of this paper is to describe an interactive learning activity designed to explore Latino demographics, food preferences, and culturally-specific health practices and beliefs among this population that traces its roots to many Latin American countries extending from Mexico to Tierra del Fuego and some Caribbean islands. The activity described in this paper is designed for English speaking audiences and may be used with junior or senior high school or college students
Kick Start Your Day
Authors: Mohammad Rehanna , McMahan Shari , Mouttapa Michele , Zhang Yuese
Published: July 2019

Obesity rates among Hispanic/Latino youth are 5-10% higher than Caucasian youth. Kick Start Your Day was a six-week intervention that was pilot tested in a low-income, predominantly Latino community. The intervention consisted of nutrition education for parents, fun physical activities for children, low glycemic breakfasts and snacks for parents and children, and bilingual resources (e.g., recipe books) to take home. Fifty-six Latino parents (n= 25 intervention, n= 31 control) and their children ages 6-12 participated, and completed both baseline and end-of-program self-report questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to examine intervention effects on increases in nutrition knowledge, while linear regression models were used to examine intervention effects on changes in parents’ and children’s physical activity. All models adjusted for outcome scores at baseline. Results indicated that intervention group parents were more likely to learn that eating breakfast can help their child pay attention and can prevent moodiness, and that nutrition labels contain information about sodium content. Intervention group parents also had greater increases in vigorous physical activity. This study provided preliminary evidence that a low-cost, family-centered intervention can lead to increases in knowledge and behavior change.