bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Special Issue: Bridging the Online–Offline Divide in Criminology
Authors: Bakken Silje Anderdal , Harder Sidsel Kirstine
Published: April 2024

This special issue deals with the way that sexual abuse, illicit markets, and social communities increasingly co-exist online and offline. The contributions explore the interconnections between the offline and online contexts and interrogate how the digital is both reproducing and changing the way people experience practices entailing risks and unwanted behavior. The on/offline overlap is important to understand the continued relevance of gender, class, and age in a digital society. That way, exoticism that posits online crime as new because it is different, bigger, and more complex is questioned: several of the contributions in this special issue analyze how online crime does not reinvent, so much as tweak and exaggerate age-old problems.
Managing Hybrid Manufacturing/Remanufacturing Inventory Systems With Random Production Capacities
Authors: Gong Xiting , Liu Suting
Published: April 2024

In this article, we consider hybrid manufacturing/remanufacturing inventory systems that produce a single product to satisfy demands over a finite planning horizon. In each period, the firm receives random demand and returns of end-of-life products. A serviceable product can be manufactured from ample raw materials or remanufactured from a returned product. The two operations possess random dedicated capacities. The firm’s objective is to minimize the expected total discounted cost over the planning horizon. We partially characterize the firm’s optimal inventory policy when the two capacities are positively dependent and completely characterize it when only one capacity is random. When there is ample manufacturing capacity, we connect the model with an auxiliary dual-sourcing inventory model and derive a more detailed structure of the optimal policy. Finally, our numerical study provides actionable insights into the effects of random capacities. Among others, we find that approximating a slightly/moderately variable remanufacturing capacity as its deterministic mean capacity or ignoring the correlation between two random capacities under a multi-period setting incurs a limited cost to the firm.
Sharing the Shared Rides: Multi-Party Carpooling Supported Strategy-Proof Double Auctions
Authors: Yu Hao , Huang Min , Yue Xiaohang
Published: April 2024

Multi-party carpooling emerges as a burgeoning shared transportation scheme whereby the trip shared by each driver is shared among multi-party riders whose itineraries coincide. Confronting the information asymmetry and the voluntary self-interested nature of bilateral participants in matching and pricing operations, this study designs Multi-party cArpooling SupporTed stratEgy-pRoof (MASTER) double auction mechanisms considering personalized carpooling constraints. First, in a scheduled carpooling scenario, two [Formula: see text] mechanisms that masterfully blend the ideas of the famed trade reduction method and multi-stage approach are proposed which implement distinct group bid determination approaches for responding to different market conditions. Second, in an on-demand carpooling scenario, two parameterized [Formula: see text] mechanisms that integrate frustration-based promotion to proactively prioritize matching and deferentially compensate riders based on their waits are contrived which also endow the platform with operational flexibility to agilely pursue alterable operational objectives by adjusting promotion strength. We prove theoretically that the proposed mechanisms satisfy strategy proofness, budget balance, individual rationality, and asymptotic efficiency under mild conditions. Experimental results reveal that multi-party carpooling constitutes a multi-win solution under higher rider-driver ratios whilst it could be detrimental to drivers otherwise, which can be ameliorated by favoring the driver side in determining promotion strength. Simulation studies manifest that our proposed auction mechanisms could bring benefits concerning allocation efficiency and service responsiveness compared with their academic and practical counterparts. We also shed light on choosing among alternative mechanisms according to market conditions and operational orientations.
Nirsevimab: Expansion of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prevention Options in Neonates, Infants, and At-Risk Young Children
Authors: Fly J. Hunter , Eiland Lea S. , Stultz Jeremy S.
Published: April 2024

Objective:

Review available data from clinical trials of nirsevimab for efficacy and safety in the setting of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis in infants and children, while exploring nirsevimab’s role in clinical practice and highlighting continuing questions.

Data sources:

A literature search of PubMed was conducted utilizing the phrases “nirsevimab” and “medi8897.” Additional references were identified through found references. Organizational guidelines, medication labeling, and regulatory organization presentations were utilized.

Study selection and data extraction:

Relevant clinical trials investigating nirsevimab in infants and children were included as well as other references on pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacoeconomics.

Data synthesis:

Nirsevimab, a once-a-season monoclonal antibody, demonstrated a 79.5% (95% CI, 65.9-87.7; P < 0.00001) lower incidence of RSV-associated medically attended lower respiratory tract infections (MA RSV-associated LRTI) and 77.3% (95% CI, 50.3-89.7; P = 0.0002) reduction in hospitalizations for RSV-associated MA-LRTI across 2 placebo-controlled studies. Nirsevimab demonstrated comparable safety to placebo with minor dermatologic reactions being the most common adverse event (0.9% vs 0.6%).

Relevance to patient care and clinical practice in comparison with existing agents:

Nirsevimab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and American Academy of Pediatrics for broad administration to infants entering their first RSV season and at risk patients during their second RSV season. Questions remain over efficacy in infants born < 29-week gestation and other economical considerations.

Conclusions:

Nirsevimab demonstrated clinical efficacy in reducing RSV-associated MA-LRTI and RSV-associated hospitalizations in infants and was well tolerated.
Target-oriented inverse optimization design of phononic crystals with variable constraints for vibration attenuation
Authors: Liao Lin , Yao Song , Zhu Yunrui , Ma Rongqian
Published: April 2024

Previous research on phononic crystals (PnCs) design mostly focused on the maximum band gap (BG) between adjacent orders and could not optimize the desired target frequency based on actual engineering problems. In order to achieve an arbitrarily specified BG structure of PnCs near the target frequency, a new topology design method for PnCs is proposed using a special triangular lattice PnC as the object. In the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization framework, two variable constraint optimization strategies, fixed-step and adaptive, are proposed to form a variable constraint genetic algorithm (VC-GA), which enables the non gradient optimization process to be continuous and uninterrupted. This optimization model also divides optimization into two stages, which can search for target individuals and maximize BG under the constraints of the target BG. Combining the optimization model with the improved fast plane wave expansion method (IFPWEM) for optimizing the single and multi-objective BGs in the in-plane and out-of-plane modes, and the weight coefficient is introduced to broaden its scope of application. The effectiveness of the method is verified through experiments, and the vibration reduction optimization design is carried out within a specific frequency range for the engineering structure corrugated plate as an example.
Training Sports Communicators to Report Concussions Accurately and Responsibly: Evidence From the Concussion Legacy Foundation Media Project Workshops
Authors: Parrott Scott , Billings Andrew C. , Boyd Brandon , Arenberg Tom , Bureau Samantha
Published: April 2024

Concussions are an important issue facing the short- and long-term health of athletes. News media play an important role in shaping public perceptions of concussions. However, such coverage often provides inaccurate information, disinformation, and/or trivializes concussions. To address the problem, the Concussion Legacy Foundation (CLF) provides workshops to teach journalists to responsibly report about concussions during live and post-competition coverage. Spearheaded by journalism instructors, the present study tested the effectiveness of the workshops through an experiment with 90 college journalism students. Students who completed the training showed improvement in scores on a “concussion in sport” literacy exam. They also performed better on the examination than students in a control condition. Results suggest the training is effective and could be standardized for those studying to work in the field of sports journalism.
Laneth Acetates
Authors: Cherian Priya , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Belsito Donald V. , Cohen David E. , Klaassen Curtis D. , Rettie Alan , Ross David , Slaga Thomas J. , Snyder Paul W. , Tilton Susan , Fiume Monice , Heldreth Bart
Published: April 2024

The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety reviewed newly available studies since their original assessment in 1982 and a previous re-review in 2002, along with updated information regarding product types and concentrations of use. Considering this information, the Panel confirmed that Laneth-9 Acetate and Laneth-10 Acetate are safe for topical application to humans in the present practices of use and concentration as described in this report.
Investigating the impact of empagliflozin on the retina of diabetic mice
Authors: Chen Juan , Zhang Shenghui , You Yao , Hu Siqi , Tang Jiake , Chen Chen , Wen Wen , Tang Ting , Yu Qingwen , Tong Xuhan , Wang Chunyi , Zhao Wenbin , Fu Xinyan , Zhang Xingwei , Wang Mingwei , Gong Wenyan
Published: April 2024

Background

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) frequently results in compromised visual function, with hyperglycemia-induced disruption of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) through various pathways as a critical mechanism. Existing DR treatments fail to address early and potentially reversible microvascular alterations. This study examined the effects of empagliflozin (EMPA), a selective Sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on the retina of db/db mice. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential role of EMPA in the prevention and delay of DR.

Methods

db/db mice were randomly assigned to either the EMPA treatment group (db/db + Emp) or the model group (db/db), while C57 mice served as the normal control group (C57). Mice in the db/db + Emp group received EMPA for eight weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and blood VEGF were subsequently measured in all mice, along with the detection of specific inflammatory factors and BRB proteins in the retina. Retinal SGLT2 protein expression was compared using immunohistochemical analysis, and BRB structural changes were observed via electron microscopy.

Results

EMPA reduced FBG, blood VEGF, and retinal inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and VEGF levels in the eye tissues of db/db mice. EMPA also increased Claudin-1, Occludin-1, and ZO-1 levels while decreasing ICAM-1 and Fibronectin, thereby preserving BRB function in db/db mice. Immunohistochemistry revealed that EMPA reduced SGLT2 expression in the retina of diabetic mice, and electron microscopy demonstrated that EMPA diminished tight junction damage between retinal vascular endothelial cells and prevented retinal vascular basement membrane thickening in diabetic mice.

Conclusion

EMPA mitigates inflammation and preserves BRB structure and function, suggesting that it may prevent DR or serve as an effective early treatment for DR.
Interventions to manage occluded central venous access devices: An umbrella review
Authors: Elliott Jessica , Ng Linda , Meredith Carolyn , Mander Gordon , Thompson Murray , Reynolds Lorraine
Published: April 2024

The main objective of this umbrella review is to synthesise available evidence from systematic reviews on the effectiveness of interventions for the management of occlusions in central venous access devices. CVADS have been extensively utilised among the critically ill since the 1950s however have also been linked to an increase in catheter complications. CVAD occlusion can occur in 14%–36% of patients within 1–2 years of catheter placement and is a longstanding complication. Umbrella methodology was applied to review five healthcare databases. Databases were searched for publications from 2009 and 2022 and electronic keywords searches were conducted. The authors searched for reviews that reported on any intervention to prevent, maintain or manage patency of the central venous access devices within an acute care setting. Of the 278 articles identified from the initial search a total of 11 articles were identified. This umbrella review concluded that education enhances patient outcomes and decreases occlusion rates. Further studies are required to explore occlusion reduction strategies in relation to flushing and locking.
Validating the Stanford Gender-Related Variables for Health Research (SGVHR) in a Canadian population
Authors: Abdel-sayyed Ahmed , Hoang Kim Ngan , Turk Tarek , Xu Lujie , Fujiwara Esther
Published: April 2024

In addition to biological sex, the impact of gender on health outcomes is now well-recognized. Gender norms are changing rapidly, demanding contemporary gender assessment tools. This study sought to validate the recent US-based Stanford Gender-Related Variables for Health Research (SGVHR) scale in Canada. We also aimed to improve gender prediction by including socio-demographic information on education, income and occupations. We recruited 2445 Canadian online participants (~50% female; mean age: 49.3). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the SGVHR factor structure in our sample, indicating its generalizability beyond the USA. Regression analyses indicated that the SGVHR subscales were moderately predictive of self-reported gender. Incorporating socio-demographic factors Significantly enhanced gender prediction via the SGVHR. This study underscores the SGVHR’s applicability in diverse Western populations and encourages the inclusion of easily accessible sociodemographic variables to approximate a gender metric. Future studies should test the health-relevance of such indicators along with the SGVHR.
Battle of Influence: Analysing the Impact of Brand-Directed and Influencer-Directed Social Media Marketing on Customer Engagement and Purchase Behaviour
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Rayne Daniel , Salo Jari , Yiu Ching Sophia
Published: April 2024

Firms regularly call on multiple social media communication tactics (e.g. influencers, user-generated content and brand messages) to interact with their customers. Drawing on both parasocial relationship and social identity theories, we investigate the relative effectiveness of brand-directed versus influencer-directed social media marketing in stimulating both customer engagement and purchase behaviour. First, we use a survey research design to collect data on customers’ intention to engage with the brand and purchase when exposed to brand-directed and influencer-directed social media marketing. Second, we collect data from a field experiment on a social media platform that captures customer engagement and brand sales at aggregate levels attributed to brand-directed and influencer-directed social media marketing. Consistently across both studies, we find that brand-directed and influencer-directed social media marketing positively impact customer engagement and customer purchase behaviour. Further evidenced across both studies, we find brand-directed social media marketing is more effective than influencer-directed social media marketing in fostering customer engagement, whereas influencer-directed social media marketing is more effective in driving customer purchases. We also find that female customers are more impacted by influencer-directed social media marketing on both dimensions than brand-directed social media marketing. The study provides a strategic direction for brands to optimally allocate their limited digital marketing budget between brand-directed and influencer-directed social media marketing based on their marketing objectives central to customer behaviour – either enhancing longer-term customer relationship building via engagement or generating shorter-term sales.
Mechanical and tribological behaviour of three-dimensional printed almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid bio-composites
Authors: Palaniyappan Sabarinathan , Sivakumar Narain Kumar , Annamalai Gnanavelbabu , Bodaghi Mahdi , Saravanamuthukumar P. , Alageel Omar , Basavarajappa Santhosh , Hashem Mohamed Ibrahim
Published: April 2024

Recently, composite filament development for three-dimensional printing has emerged and is used for numerous applications. The present research work develops neat polylactic acid and Almond Shell Particles reinforced polylactic acid bio-composites for three-dimensional printing and investigates the effects of printing orientation, including 0°, 45° and 90° orientation, on the tribological and mechanical behaviours of three-dimensional printed materials. The novel almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid filaments are extruded by the filament extrusion method with the presence of 10% almond shell particles in the polylactic acid matrix, and the samples are three-dimensional printed by the fused filament fabrication technique. Mechanical characteristics such as tensile, flexural, compressive strength, and shore hardness are evaluated with respect to various three-dimensional printing orientations. The surface quality of the three-dimensional printed polylactic acid composite samples is analysed with respect to length and diameter deviation. Length accuracy of the 90° oriented polylactic acid and almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid bio-composite samples exploits a better accuracy of 99.12% and 98.81%, respectively. It is shown that adding almond shell particles to the polylactic acid matrix decreases the flexural and tensile strength. Among the printing orientations, 0° flat samples result in the maximum tensile strength of 36 and 28 MPa for the neat polylactic acid and almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid composites, respectively. The lowest contact angle of 54° is observed on the almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid bio-composites three-dimensional printed with a 90° orientation. The highest contact angle value of 94° is observed on the neat polylactic acid three-dimensional printed with a 0° printing orientation. A tribological study is carried out under dry conditions on the pin-on-disc tribometer by varying the sliding speed (1, 2, and 3 m/s) and load (10, 20, and 30 N). The result shows that the lowest coefficient of friction of 0.22 is achieved for the almond shell particles reinforced polylactic acid bio-composite samples with a 0° printing orientation under a sliding load of 10 N. These kinds of newly developed compostable materials can be used for developing disposable orthotic foot appliances.
Investigations on the effects of injection parameters and EGR in a glow plug assisted methanol fueled Hot Surface Ignition (HSI) Engine
Authors: Krishnan R Anoop , Panda Kasinath , Ramesh A
Published: April 2024

Methanol can be produced from renewable sources and is also clean burning. Hence it is an ideal alternative fuel for transportation applications. However, its low cetane number prevents its direct application in compression ignition (CI) engines. One of the promising but not widely explored methods is to use a hot surface for its ignition in CI engines at normal compression ratios. In this work a turbocharged automotive common rail diesel engine was modified to operate in the hot surface ignition (HSI) mode with methanol as the sole fuel with 3% by mass of lubricity and corrosion inhibiting additive. Initially, a single pulse injection (SPI) strategy was employed at different injection timings at a BMEP of 8 bar. Subsequently a double pulse injection (DPI) strategy was employed and the effects of gap between the injection pulses, injection timing and injection pulse width share among the two pulses were studied. The HSI mode of neat methanol performed with comparable brake thermal efficiency (BTE), reduced combustion rates and hence low NOx emission levels with respect to diesel operation when the DPI mode was employed with almost equal pulse width share. Engine performance was better at rail pressures of around 800 bar. Hot EGR of up to 8% was beneficial as it reduced the engine-out NOx without affecting the BTE. The engine was operated at different BMEPs in the range of 4–10 bar and compared with the baseline diesel operation. The BTE was similar to the baseline diesel engine at all loads. Engine-out NOx was lower than diesel operation by 23.6%–61.5% while near zero smoke levels and similar CO and THC emissions (after the DOC) were observed. Though slipped methanol and formaldehyde were the significant unregulated emissions, they were reduced to very low levels after the DOC.
#BecomingYou: Discourses of authenticity, work, and success in South African consumer culture
Authors: Plüg Simóne , Collins Anthony , De Jong Michelle
Published: April 2024

Authenticity is now being used to describe things as diverse as politicians, wallets and holiday packages, and claims to authenticity have become increasingly marketable. Media sources from magazines to social media blogs are all inundated with a persisting, recurring message: that tapping into the “real you” will be the liberating force allowing you to live a happy and successful life. This paper draws on a social constructionist theoretical framework and discourse analytic method to critically analyse three interconnected discourses of personal authenticity (as success, change and work) explored in 10 marketing campaigns prominent in South African media. The constructions found in these media are important not just as reflections of current subject positions available in a particular context, but also in the (re)construction of these particular identities and the (re)production of particular social systems. More specifically, in this case, by closely tying authenticity to notions of success, work and change, these discourses produce “good neoliberal subjects”- ambitious, self-regulated, proactive and productive citizens committed to personal progress and contributing to a “functioning” society. In other words, through these discourses, individuals’ personal aspirations (e.g. self-improvement or happiness) become inextricably linked with capitalist modes of being (work and consumption).
Learning Relational Categories: Benefits of Blocking, Classification, and Subject-Specific Examples
Authors: Steininger Tim M. , Wittwer Jörg , Voss Thamar
Published: April 2024

In order to make informed instructional decisions, teachers need psychological knowledge about relational categories. We conducted two 2 × 2 experiments to examine effective designs for learning relational categories in the context of teacher education. In both experiments, a blocked compared to an interleaved example format was more beneficial for learning relational categories when generating new examples. Experiment 1 ( N = 176) additionally showed that student teachers generated new examples more successfully when they had to classify rather than read examples. Moreover, Experiment 2 ( N = 95) revealed that student teachers who learned with examples taken from their individual subjects rather than examples from random subjects generated new examples more successfully. A mediation analysis showed that the subject-specific task value mediated the effect on example generation. The detrimental effects of an interleaved format could be partly compensated for by learning with subject-specific examples.
Implementation of a Mindful Walking Intervention in Breast Cancer Patients After Their Primary Oncologic Treatment: Results of a Qualitative Study Within a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ortiz Miriam , Schröder Maren Luise , Brinkhaus Benno , Stöckigt Barbara
Published: April 2024

Background:

Breast cancer survivors often suffer from diagnosis- and therapy-related long-term side effects, such as cancer related fatigue, restricted stress resilience and quality of life. Walking as a physical activity and mindfulness practice have been shown to be helpful in studies. The aim of this study was to compare the individual experiences and subjectively perceived effects of walking in combination with mindfulness practice with moderate walking alone in breast cancer patients. This paper focuses on the qualitative results of a mixed-methods pilot study.

Methods:

Breast cancer patients who had finished their primary oncologic treatment at least 6 months ago were randomized to an 8-week group intervention program of either mindful walking or moderate walking. Within the qualitative study part, semi-structured focus group interviews (2 interviews per study arm) were conducted and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis approach. Audio recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and pseudonymized. The subsequent data analysis was performed by using MAXQDA®.

Results:

A total of 51 women (mean age 55.8 [SD 10.9] years) were included in the RCT, among these 20 (mean age 56.7 [SD 12.0] years) participated in the focus group interviews (n = 11 patients of the mindful walking group; n = 9 patients of the walking group). Breast cancer patients in both groups described different effects in the complex areas of self-efficacy, coping, body awareness and self-reflection. While mindful walking primarily promoted body awareness and inner strength by mindfulness in breast cancer patients, moderate walking promoted self-efficacy by a confidence of their body and an easily integrated and accepted way of physical activity.

Conclusions:

Study interventions and the study setting triggered processes and reflections on one’s own health and situation. However, mindful walking and moderate walking seem to address different resources. This important knowledge may help oncologists and other therapists to assess what type of interventions can best meet the needs and requirements of individual patients.

Trial registration:

DKRS00011521; prospectively registered 21.12.2016; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00011521
Stigma and Stigma Resilience: Role of the Undergraduate and the Campus Environment
Authors: Kreider Consuelo M. , Medina Sharon , Judycki Stephanie , Wu Chang Yu , Lan Mei-Fang
Published: April 2024

Rationale:

Stigma permeates disability experiences and compounds disability-related challenges.

Objective:

Identify individual and environmental factors of stigmatizing experiences of college students with learning disabilities (LDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methodology:

A qualitative descriptive design was used with a thematic analysis of 30 transcripts from group discussions among four cohorts of undergraduates with LD/ADHD ( N = 52). The Person-Environment-Occupation-Performance Model was used in interpreting the stigmatizing experiences.

Findings:

The themes Perceived Misconceptions and Stigmatizing Actions describe key social-environmental factors. The theme Overcoming Stigmatizing Experiences elucidates key skills and processes for developing stigma resilience. These skills and processes were anchored in self-awareness and personally contextualized understanding of disability-related challenges and strengths, which were fostered during positive interactions with supportive others, such as instructors and mentors.

Implications:

Findings illustrate the biopsychosocial nature of stigma and highlight the role of individual and social-environmental factors in building stigma resilience among young adults with LD/ADHD.
Statement of requirements on the accuracy of rocket CFD analysis using exterior ballistics for example rocket models
Authors: Baghiyan Aram , Sargsyan Hovhannes , Grigoryan Areg
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the problem of acceptable accuracy of a rocket’s aerodynamic characteristics obtained from CFD (computational fluid dynamics) analysis for defining its aerodynamic characteristics is considered from the point of view of exterior ballistics, particularly by the estimation of the rocket’s simulated flight range change caused by CFD errors. The results obtained in this paper allow stating the requirement on acceptable accuracy of defining the aerodynamic characteristics for developing new rockets through CFD analysis based on several examples, which can be propagated to other cases of rocket design and development. Using this study as a method, the CFD engineers who work on rocket design and development can estimate the accepted accuracy margin of their CFD analysis and research solutions to get reliable results for the expected flight characteristics of the rocket.
Effects of Indocyanine Green (ICG) Imaging-Assisted Cholecystectomy on Intraoperative and Postoperative Complications: A meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Yuhong , Liu Renjie , Liu Huanxiang , Peng Rui , Su Bingbing , Tu Daoyuan , Wang Shunyi , Chen Chen , Jiang Guoqing , Jin Shengjie , Cao Jun , Zhang Chi , Bai Dousheng
Published: April 2024

Background

Accurate recognition of Calot’s triangle during cholecystectomy is important in preventing intraoperative and postoperative complications. The use of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging has become increasingly prevalent in cholecystectomy procedures. Our study aimed to evaluate the specific effects of ICG-assisted imaging in reducing complications.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Europe PMC, and WANFANGH DATA was conducted to identify relevant articles up to July 5, 2023. Review Manager 5.3 software was applied to statistical analysis.

Results

Our meta-analysis of 14 studies involving 3576 patients compared the ICG group (1351 patients) to the control group (2225 patients). The ICG group had a lower incidence of postoperative complications (4.78% vs 7.25%; RR .71; 95%CI: .54-.95; P = .02). Bile leakage was significantly reduced in the ICG group (.43% vs 2.02%; RR = .27; 95%CI: .12-.62; I2 = 0; P = .002), and they also had a lower bile duct drainage rate (24.8% vs 31.8% RR = .64, 95% CI: .44-.91, P = .01). Intraoperative complexes showed no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (1.16% vs 9.24%; RR .17; 95%CI .03-1.02), but the incidence of intraoperative bleeding is lower in the ICG group.

Conclusion

ICG fluorescence imaging-assisted cholecystectomy was associated with a range of benefits, including a lower incidence of postoperative complications, decreased rates of bile leakage, reduced bile duct drainage, fewer intraoperative complications, and reduced intraoperative bleeding.
The Correlation of Surgical Setting With Perioperative Opioid Prescriptions for Wide-Awake Carpal Tunnel Release
Authors: Kammien Alexander J. , Hu Kevin , Collar John , Rancu Albert L. , Zhao K. Lynn , Grauer Jonathan N. , Colen David L.
Published: April 2024

Background:

Prior studies have compared perioperative opioid prescriptions between carpal tunnel release (CTR) performed wide-awake and with traditional anesthetic techniques, but the association of opioid prescriptions with surgical setting has not been fully explored. The current study assessed the association of opioid prescriptions with surgical setting (office or operating room) for wide-awake CTR.

Methods:

Patients with open CTR were identified in an administrative claims database (PearlDiver). Exclusion criteria included age less than 18 years, preoperative data less than 6 months, postoperative data less than 1 month, bilateral surgery, concomitant hand surgery, and traditional anesthesia (general anesthesia, sedation, or regional block). Patients were stratified by surgical setting (office or operating room) and matched by age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and geographic region. Prior opioid prescriptions, opioid dependence/abuse, substance use disorder, back/neck pain, generalized anxiety, and major depression were identified. Opioid prescriptions within 7 days before and 30 days after surgery were characterized.

Results:

Each matched cohort included 5713 patients. Compared with patients with surgery in the operating room, fewer patients with office-based surgery filled opioid prescriptions (45% vs 62%), and those prescriptions had lower morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs, median 130 vs 188). These findings were statistically significant on univariate and multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

Following office-based CTR, fewer patients filled opioid prescriptions, and filled prescriptions had lower MME. This likely reflects patient and provider attitudes about pain control and opioid utilization. Further patient- and provider-level investigation may provide additional insights that could aid in efforts to reduce perioperative opioid utilization across surgical settings.
Law on the Other Side of Oedipus: Freud and Lacan on Law and Self-Formation
Authors: Hourigan Daniel
Published: April 2024

This article investigates the place of law in the Oedipus complex set out by Sigmund Freud and its later revision by Jacques Lacan. Few accounts of self-formation have been as widely recognised and discussed as the Oedipus complex. Yet the tensions that Freud recovered from Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex were a persistent feature of the theories of schools of psychoanalysis that broke away as much as those who followed Freud. In this article, I outline the Freudian position on the complex and its connection to the law before then examining the two phases of Lacan’s return to Freud’s Oedipus complex in Seminar VII and Seminar XVII.
Taking the Law for a Walk
Authors: Richards Serene
Published: April 2024

This paper situates the existential stakes implied in Peter Goodrich’s oeuvres. A plea to an embodied, affective use of law, use of the body, by way of a minor jurisprudence attentive to desire and the phantasms, or images, that make up our world. Exemplified, as I suggest, through what Pierre Legendre describes as the trinity body-image-world. Goodrich’s gesture is to do away with swift judgements and sedentary regurgitations of legal rules in favour of getting up, and moving, slowing down, allowing for what is implied in the notion of affect, that is, emotion but crucially also movement. Vitam Instituere means precisely this, law’s function in instituting life necessitates a life engendered in living, a connection between the text and our sensibilities.
Specification of a greenhouse in cold climate condition, mathematical model and optimization
Authors: Faramarzpour Hosein , Ghaderi Mohsen , Reddick Christopher , Sorin Mikhail , Grégoire Michel
Published: April 2024

In order to optimize the energy requirements (heating/cooling) of a multi-zone greenhouse, and investigate its heat recovery potential, a mathematical, dynamic energy model, coded in the MATLAB/Simulink platform, is developed. For validation, a case study in cold climate conditions is evaluated. This dynamic model, based on both energy and water vapor mass balances, was able to calculate the year-round monthly energy demand for the case study. The model calculations were compared with actual energy consumption data and were shown to have an accuracy between 6% and 15.5% for different months. The results highlighted the potential of applying a heat recovery strategy, whether with a Phase Change Material (PCM) or a Heat Recovery Ventilator (HRV). It is shown that using a HRV can reduce the energy demand of the greenhouse by 5% for January and 4% for December. Regarding the greenhouse radiation performance, the south roof contributes the most to solar heat gain in winter and summer, while the north wall makes the minimum contribution. Consequently, it is proposed to increase the area of the south roof and insulate the north wall. Thus, an asymmetrical roof configuration can receive 6% more solar radiation. Calculations show that an east-west greenhouse orientation lowers energy demand by 3%.
Open repair of subscapularis tendon tears leads to complete relief of symptoms in the majority of patients, but often fails to restore functional range of motion
Authors: Geurkink Timon H , Oudelaar Bart W , Overbeek Celeste L , Jasper Jorrit , Nelissen Rob GHH , Nagels Jochem
Published: April 2024

Purpose

To investigate the outcome of open subscapularis (SSC) repair in terms of complete relief of symptoms, regaining functional range of motion ((ROM), i.e. minimum ROM to complete all tasks of daily living) and retear rate.

Methods

Sixty-one patients who underwent open SSC repair between 2012 and 2019 were included in a retrospective cohort study. Primary outcome measures (complete relief of symptoms, obtaining functional ROM, SSC retears), were assessed at minimum 1-year follow-up. Prognostic factors for these outcome measures were identified.

Results

At final follow-up, 44 patients (72%) reported complete relief of symptoms. Pre-operatively, 23 patients (40%) had a functional ROM, which increased to 33 patients (54%) post-operatively. Eight Patients (13%) had a retear after a median follow-up of 21 months (range: 3-35). Lafosse type IV tears were associated with having persisting symptoms (OR 5, 95 confidence interval (CI) 1.2–17.9, p = 0.024) and retears (OR 7, 95 CI 1.9–37.7, p = 0.031).

Conclusion

The majority of patients reported complete relief of symptoms after SSC repair; however, only 54% obtained a functional ROM. Measuring outcome in terms of complete relief symptoms and regaining functional ROM is useful for the surgeon to evaluate the effect of surgical intervention and provides tangible information for patients.
Maqin Xiaoke Granule Alleviates Acute Bronchitis Induced by Smoking Combined With Streptococcus pneumoniae by Regulating NLRP3/p38 MAPK/Glycerophospholipid Pathway
Authors: Men Wanxia , Liu Ruipeng , Yang Min , Xu Yang , Lei Yanli , Liu Tao
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the efficacy and mechanism of action of Maqin Xiaoke Granules (MQs) in the treatment of acute bronchitis (AB). Methods: The rat model of AB was established by mixed smoke and Streptococcus pneumoniae nasal infection. The pathological changes of lung tissue and bronchus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and scored. The mRNA expression levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 ( NLRP3) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ( p38 MAPK) in lung tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and the expression levels of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α [ TNF-α], interleukin-6 [ IL-6], interleukin-1β [ IL-1β], interleukin-10 [ IL-10]) in serum and lung homogenate were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The therapeutic effect of MQ on rats with AB was preliminarily evaluated. Metabolic profiling of rat serum was performed by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, combining P < .05, variable important in projection > 1, fold change > 1.5 and screening for differential metabolites based on univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, and then analyzing the possible metabolic pathways with the help of MetaboAnalyst 5.0 database, to analyze the mechanism of MQ’s action on the treatment of AB at the metabolic level. Results: MQ significantly ameliorated the pathological injury of bronchial and lung tissues in model rats, reduced the mRNA levels of NLRP3 and p38 MAPK ( P < .05, .01), lowered the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in serum and lung homogenates ( P < .05, .01), and elevated IL-10 in serum and lung homogenates ( P < .0001, .01) levels, and to regulate abnormal metabolites in rats with AB via the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway. Conclusion: MQ significantly improved AB induced by mixed smoke combined with Streptococcus pneumoniae, and the mechanism of its induction may be related to the dysregulation of glycerophospholipid metabolism, and this study provides a reference for the rational clinical application of MQ.
The unsustainable life of British Universities
Authors: Zacharek Kathryn
Published: April 2024

This article brings into question whether the Universitiy and College Union's current tactics employed for disputes against university management teams are fit for purpose. In a context in which the logic of neoliberalism dominates the Higher Education sector and the rights of workers to strike continue to be under threat, Universitiy and College Union needs to learn from the mistakes that have been made in the trade disputes of 2023, such as the national Marking and Assessment Boycott and strike action. This article does not seek to claim that Universitiy and College Union is no longer relevant. Instead, for Universitiy and College Union to move forward in a positive direction after a series of defeats, it needs to take stock of its ongoing internal issues regarding democratic accountability and transparency. Only when these are resolved can Universitiy and College Union be in a stronger position to negotiate better deals for its members.
Can social media be used to increase fruit and vegetable consumption? A pilot intervention study
Authors: Hawkins Lily , Farrow Claire , Clayton Meshach , Thomas Jason M
Published: April 2024

Background

Exposure to social norms about fruit and vegetable intake has been shown to increase individuals’ consumption of these foods. Further, exposure to socially endorsed ‘healthy’ food posts can increase consumption of low energy-dense (LED), relative to high energy-dense (HED) foods. The current pilot study aimed to investigate whether exposure to healthy eating (vs. control) social media accounts can shift normative perceptions about what others eat, eating intentions and self-reported food consumption.

Methods

In a 2 (condition) × 2 (type of food consumed) mixed factorial design, 52 male and female students were asked to follow either healthy eating (intervention) or interior design (control) Instagram accounts over a two-week period. Baseline and post-intervention measures assessed normative perceptions of Instagram users’ consumption of fruit and vegetables (LED foods), and energy dense snacks and sugar sweetened beverages (HED foods). Participants’ intentions to consume, and self-reported consumption of these foods, were also measured.

Results

There were no significant changes in perceptions about what others eat, or participants’ own eating intentions ( ps > 0.05). However, the intervention increased participants’ self-reported consumption of LED foods by 1.37 servings (per day) and decreased consumption of HED foods by 0.81 items (per day), compared to the control condition ( ps < 0.05).

Conclusions

This novel pilot study demonstrates that a social norm–based social media intervention can successfully encourage healthier eating, with a large effect after two weeks. Certain social media platforms may therefore provide a viable tool for nudging healthy eating. Future work will aim to replicate these findings in a larger and more diverse sample.
A New Perspective on the Settlement Intentions of Migrants in China: Financial Support for Housing
Authors: Chen Mengkai , Deng Zuxing , Chen Lei
Published: April 2024

The factors affecting migrants’ settlement in host cities have been widely discussed, but the impact of housing financial support is still under exploration. This paper explores the effect of the Housing Provident Fund (HPF), which is a highly debated but markedly important housing financial policy in China, on migrants’ settlement intentions. Based on data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), our results reveal that the HPF significantly improves migrants’ settlement intentions by increasing housing purchase intentions. The robustness test results further show that expanding the coverage of the HPF has a positive effect on urbanization. However, we highlight the conflict between the HPF effects and its specific impact on differentiated levels of coverage. We further discuss its potential challenges, describe a pilot study of a voluntary HPF in China, and offer recommendations for urban reform.
Clinical Outcomes and Repair Integrity After Double-Row Modified Mason-Allen Repair Technique With a Single Knot in Small to Medium Supraspinatus Tears
Authors: Bae Gi Cheol , Kwon Won Hwan , Na Yeop , Hwang Yoon Joong , Ryu Dong Jin , D’Lima Darryl D. , Jeon Yoon Sang
Published: April 2024

Background:

Various arthroscopic rotator cuff repair techniques are being used for the treatment of rotator cuff tears with the development of surgical instruments. However, retears after repair are not completely avoidable, and efforts to reduce retears remain a challenge.

Purpose/Hypothesis:

To introduce a new repair technique, the double-row modified Mason-Allen technique with a single knot, and to compare clinical outcomes and retear rates with the single-row modified Mason-Allen technique. It was hypothesized that this new technique would have a better clinical outcome and significantly lower retear rate than the single-row modified Mason-Allen technique.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 110 patients with small- to medium-sized (<1.5 cm) full-thickness supraspinatus tears were enrolled into 2 groups, with 65 patients receiving the single-row modified Mason-Allen technique (group A) and 45 patients receiving the double-row modified Mason-Allen technique with a single knot (group B). The clinical and functional outcomes were evaluated using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score; and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and satisfaction scores. All patients enrolled in this study were monitored for a minimum of 24 months. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to analyze the integrity of tendons and retear at 6 months after surgery.

Results:

No statistically significant differences between the 2 groups were found regarding the VAS for pain, ASES, and DASH scores. However, retear was found in 9 patients (13.8%) in group A and 1 patient (2.2%) in group B. The difference in the retear rate was statistically significant between the 2 groups ( P = .037).

Conclusion:

A significantly lower retear rate and comparable clinical outcomes were seen after the double-row modified Mason-Allen repair technique with a single knot when compared with the single-row modified Mason-Allen technique. Based on these findings, the double-row modified Mason-Allen repair technique with a single knot can be considered a surgical treatment option that can provide sufficient stability in small- to medium-sized supraspinatus tears.