bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Zinc Supplementation in Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Neonates
Authors: Binet Mansoor Khola , Abbas Mehdi , Anjum Aneela , Haider Naveed , Fatima Shadab , Anwar Rao Sameen , Shahbaz Ferheen
Published: April 2023

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a serious condition involving the gastrointestinal tract and is one of the most common causes of death in neonates. It occurs due to various factors including the altered immune response of the premature intestinal tract against gut microbiota, resulting in inflammation and damage to the gut. Objective: To find out the effect of Zinc in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in very preterm infants in the first 2 weeks of life. Methods: It was a double-blind randomized control trial held in the Neonatology section of Pediatric Medicine unit-II, Mayo hospital Lahore. The duration of the study was 11 months after the approval of the synopsis from August 2019 to July 2020. A total of 94 patients were included in the studies (95% confidence level, 7% absolute precision). Probability sampling, a simple random sampling technique was used. The study included 94 patients, 28 weeks to 32 weeks of gestational age. Results: In this study, the mean age of neonates was 54.85±11.60 hours, 51(54.26%) patients were male whereas 43(45.74%) patients were females. A birth weight having <1 kg was observed in 20(21.3%) patients and a birth weight between 1-2 kg was observed in 49(52.1%) patients. Necrotizing enterocolitis was developed among 6(6.38%) patients. Among the zinc supplementation group, the NEC developed in 2(4.3%) patients whereas, among the placebo group, the NEC developed in 4(8.5%) patients (p-value=0.677).Conclusion: This study concluded that zinc supplementation did not prove any preventive effect against necrotizing enterocolitis in very preterm infants.
Ikasgelan marraztea
Authors: Leal Isabel
Published: April 2023

Hiru dira artikuluaren xede nagusiak: irakasleen sormena piztea, haurtzaroan ohikoa den marrazteko zaletasuna berreskuratzea eta, azkenik, hizkuntzen ikas-irakaskuntzan marrazketa eta zirriborroak egitea estrategia gisa ulertzea. Azken honetarako, adibideak eta aholkuak azalduko dira, besteak beste, marrazketa hizkuntz-gaitasunen garapenarekin, lexikoarekin edo gramatikarekin batera aztertuta.
Histopathological Assessment of Infested Farmed Clarias Gariepinus at Various Developmental Stages in Different Culture Management System
Authors: Okunade Olumide , Oladosu Gbolahanmi , Ajani Emmanuel , Adejinmi John , Adeogun Oludare
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT:
Parasitic infections infringe on different organs causing varying degrees of histological changes which contribute directly or indirectly to fish loss. Histological alterations play significant implication in fish health thereby proffer supports for effective diagnoses to improve the management of cultured fish. Various developmental stages of farmed Clarias gariepinus were randomly collected from 100 farms across the three agricultural zones (East, West and Far – East) in Lagos State, Nigeria from purposively classified culture systems based on water usage management systems (WUMS) into daily water renewal (DWR), weekly water renewal (WWR) and bi – weekly water renewal (BWR)). The organs (skin, gills and intestines) were selected for parasitological examinations and histological sectioning using standard procedure. The water qualities monitored were temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite, iron, alkalinity, hardness and turbidity and measured using standard methods. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, standard deviation were used to determine the occurrence and rate of histological changes in relations with parasitic infections while semi-quantitative analysis was used to assess the histological lesion on gills. This study reveals possible relationship between parasitic infections and histological changes on the gills. The protozoans (Trichodina sp, Vorticella sp., Tetrahymena sp., Chilodonella sp., Piscinoodinium sp. and Ichthyobodo sp.) and monogenean trematode (Dactylogyrus sp., and Gyrodactylus sp.) were related parasites found with varying degrees of histological changes like hyperplasia of the epithelial cells, lifting of the primary epithelium, sloughing of the epithelium, fusion of the secondary lamellae, oedema of the lamellae, vacuolation of the epithelial cells, swelling of the epithelial cells, diffuse infiltration of lamina propria by neutrophil and necrosis of the secondary lamellae, classified into stages I, II and III. The most frequently observed histopathology in all the culture systems was hyperplasia of the gill lamellae; DWR-86.96%, WWR – 88.1%, BWR – 92.86%, followed by the fusion of the secondary lamellae; DWR-65.22%, WWR–75%, BWR– 78.57%. No histopathological change was observed on the skin and the intestine and lesions were least in the daily water renewal (DWR) culture system. Hence, it can be safely inferred that good management practice in terms of water renewal system should be encouraged to alleviate parasitic infections and minimize organ damage in cultured fish.
Identification and Molecular Characterization of Trematode and Nematode in Fleas Infesting Small Ruminants in Egypt
Authors: Yassin Samah , Mahmoud Dalia , Salama Mohamed , Morsy Ali , Barghash Safaa
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of flea-infested ruminants in Egypt's Northern West Coast (NWC) and South Sinai Governorate (SSG), besides the molecular characterization and genotypes of Nematode and Trematode in the identified flea species. In total, 765 animals of both sexes and ages (471 from NWC and 294 from SSG) were examined for flea infestation, including 460 sheep and 305 goats. Microscopically, flea species were identified; while nematodes and trematodes were identified using sequence analysis of purified PCR fragments of the small subunits 18S of nuclear ribosomal DNA (18S rDNA) and the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal RNA (ITS2) gene primers. The results revealed that the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis, and the dog flea, Ctenocephalides canis, were widely distributed in sheep and goat flocks throughout the corresponding areas. While age, sex, and host had no significant differences (P > 0.5), the location, flea species, and season of flea collection all had an impact on the predominance of the two flea species. Additionally, there were significant differences between C. felis and C. canis infestations in the two areas, and only among the sexes of both flea species in the NWC. Molecular data confirmed one trematode (Fasciola hepatica) in both C. felis and C. canis, whereas two nematode species were identified: Haemonchus contortus only in sheep in both areas and Trichostrongylus colubriformis only in C. canis infesting goats in SSG. Sequenced isolates were assigned in the GenBank database under accession numbers ON123999, ON123994, ON123995, and ON123993 (F. hepatica), ON113484, ON113485, and ON113486 (H. contortus), and ON113498 (T. colubriformis). We conclude that the presence of those pathogens in fleas in the two areas required special attention to periodic flea control programmes and anthelmintic treatments, as well as further evaluation of the epidemiology and role of fleas.
Fitness of Some Meat Products for Human Consumption in Relation to Their Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Quality in the Egyptian Market
Authors: Bayoumi Zakaria , Edris Abobakr , Hossam Hossam , Latif M , Shawish Reyad
Published: April 2023

Physico-chemical and microbiological quality of meat products are the main acceptability issue to the consumers. So, the current study aimed to determine the acceptability and fitness of four restructured meat products for human consumption based on their sensory, keeping quality and bacteriological quality trough examination of one-hundred and sixty random samples of minced meat, sausage, beef burger and frankfurter (40 of each), which were collected from different supermarkets located in Menoufia governorate, Egypt, and were examined according to standard guidelines. Results revealed that the examined burger and frankfurter samples revealed higher acceptability scores than those of minced meat and sausage samples. In addition, although it revealed lower pH values, minced meat samples had the lowest keeping quality with significant higher TVN and TBA values than the recorded results of the other examined samples. Moreover, the bacteriological examinations revealed detection of Salmonella and E. coli were detected in 20% and 25%; 17.5% and 20%; 12.5% and 12.5%; 5.0% and 7.5% for the examined minced meat, sausage, burger and frankfurter samples, respectively. In addition, S. aureus was counted (CFU/g) in the examined samples with mean values of 1.98×103, 9.64×102, 5.03×102 and 2.16×102 CFU/g for the same examined samples, respectively. Furthermore, minced meat was the most contaminated samples with Pseudomonas and Aeromonas spp., where P. fluorescens and A. sorbia were the most isolated strains in the examined samples. Meat and meat product safety and acceptability are of a major concern as commercial foods. Minced meat showed lower acceptability levels than the other examined samples, with higher contamination levels. So, monitoring of the chemical and bacteriological quality of restructured meat products is significantly helping in its improvement.
Effect of acute predator stress on learning and memory in a zebrafish model
Authors: Ramalingam Latha , Madhaiyan Vijay
Published: April 2023

Background: In zebrafish, the stress system is represented by the hypothalamo–pituitary–interrenal axis which is similar to human HPA axis. Several studies have reported that stress affects the learning and memory in humans and rodents. Like humans, zebrafish form spatial memories and its cholinergic system is involved in learning and memory. In one study, it has been reported that exposing zebrafish to its natural predator stress (Indian Leaf Fish) has resulted in significant behavioral response. Therefore, here, we propose this study to model learning and memory in zebrafish using predator stress.

Aims and Objectives: The study aims to model learning and memory in zebrafish using predator stress and evaluate the influence of predator stress on learning and memory in zebrafish.

Materials and Methods: 12 adult zebrafishes (Danio rerio) were divided into two groups: Stress group (n = 6) and control group (n = 6). Fish in the stress group individually was exposed to Indian leaf fish (predator stress) for 20 min (acute exposure) through live simulated video with audio intervention under completely closed environment without any entry of outside light source. Control group fish was not exposed to any stress. Plus maze learning session was conducted in both stress (before and after stress) and control fish, and short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM) were recorded.

Results: Between day 1 and day 6 of training among the stress group and control group fishes, both showed a significant establishment of memory of the location of the food arm. The test group fishes showed significant changes in STM, immediately after exposure to the predator stress, but not in control group. LTM did not have any significant changes in both groups.

Conclusion: Stress in the form of predator produced an acute change in STM established in these fishes. This effect in zebrafish observed could be effect of the traumatic event in the form of predator that the zebrafish is exposed to and that has resulted in an acute state of confusion and memory loss.
Nghiên Cứu Mô Phỏng Hệ Thống Phanh Tái Sinh Dựa Trên Chu Trình Lái Xe Thực Tế
Authors: Dương Tuấn Tùng , Huỳnh Phước Sơn , Hồ Dương Anh Duy , Ngô Quang Thành
Published: April 2023

Hiện nay, hệ thống phanh tái sinh là một hệ thống giúp giảm tiêu hao nhiên liệu của các dòng xe Hybrid. Quá trình xe phanh hoặc giảm tốc chính là quá trình năng lượng quán tính của xe được biến đổi thành năng lượng điện nạp lại cho ắc quy để tái sử dụng. Năng lượng thu hồi được phụ thuộc rất lớn vào điều kiện hoạt động của xe trên các loại đường khác nhau. Trong nghiên cứu này, tác giả sẽ xây dựng chu trình lái xe trên các cung đường khác nhau bằng thực nghiệm như: đường nội thành, đường cao tốc và đường liên tỉnh. Chu trình lái xe đó được đưa vào mô hình mô phỏng để nghiên cứu và tính toán các thông số của quá trình phanh tái sinh cũng như năng lượng thu hồi và mức tiêu hao nhiên liệu của xe Hybrid. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên xe Toyota Hybrid Cross với kết quả mô phỏng cho thấy rằng năng lượng thu hồi được trong đường nội thành có phần cao hơn so với cung đường ngoại thành và liên liên tỉnh. Mức tiêu hao nhiên liệu của xe đạt từ 4,9 đến 5,4 [lít/100km] tùy theo từng loại đường.
Ảnh Hưởng Giá Trị K Của Thuật Toán KNN Đến Hiệu Suất Chẩn Đoán Lỗi Cho Hệ Thống Điều Hòa Không Khí Trung Tâm
Authors: Lê Hà Đông Quân , Lê Minh Nhựt
Published: April 2023

Phát hiện và chẩn đoán lỗi kịp thời cho hệ thống điều hòa không khí trung tâm (ĐHKKTT) giúp tăng tuổi thọ, ngăn ngừa các hư hỏng nghiêm trọng và giảm lãng phí năng lượng của hệ thống. Từ thực tế trên, nghiên cứu này xác định giá trị K của thuật toán KNN, đề xuất mô hình phát hiện và chẩn đoán lỗi cho hệ thống ĐHKKTT dựa trên thuật toán K-nearest neighbors (FDD-KNN). Kết quả cho thấy khi giá trị K=1 thì mô hình FDD-KNN cho hiệu suất chẩn đoán chính xác các lỗi đạt tỉ lệ từ 99.15% trở lên. Khi so sánh với các nghiên cứu trước đối với các lỗi nghiêm trọng LV3 và LV4, mô hình đề suất cho thấy sự chẩn đoán chính xác cao và đồng đều tại các lỗi và mức độ lỗi. Ngoài ra, khả năng cô lập lỗi và xu hướng dao động của các biến số trong thực tế đối với trạng thái bình thường Normal và bám bẩn bình ngưng ConFoul được kiểm tra bằng cơ sở dữ liệu thực tế của hệ thống ĐHKKTT công trình Saigon Centre, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, Việt Nam. Kết quả cho thấy sự thay đổi của biến số TCO và TRC phù hợp với điều kiện vận hành thực tế của hệ thống. Do đó, mô hình đề xuất FDD-KNN với K=1 hoàn toàn đáng tin cậy để áp dụng vào chẩn đoán lỗi cho các hệ thống ĐHKKTT.
التقرير العالمي للعلوم الإجتماعية 2016 تحدي حالات عدم المساواة : مسارات من أجل تحقيق عالم يسوده العدل
Authors:   UNESCO,   International Social Science Council,   University of Sussex (UK). Institute of Development Studies
Published: April 2023

Never before has inequality been so high on the agenda of policy-makers worldwide, or such a hot topic for social science research. More journal articles are being published on the topic of inequality and social justice today than ever before. This Report draws on the insights of over 100 social scientists and other thought leaders from all over the world, across various disciplines, to emphasize transformative responses to inequality at all levels, from the grass roots to global governance. It concludes that: • Unchecked inequality could jeopardize the sustainability of economies, societies and communities;• Inequalities should not just be understood and tackled in terms of income and wealth. They involve economics, politics, social, cultural, environmental, spatial and knowledge-related issues;• The links and intersections between inequalities need to be better understood to create fairer societies;• A step change towards a research agenda that is interdisciplinary, multiscale and globally inclusive is needed to inform pathways toward greater equality. In short, too many countries are investing too little in researching the long-term impact of inequality on the sustainability of their economies, societies and communities. Unless we address this urgently, inequalities will make the cross-cutting ambition of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ‘leave no one behind’ by2030 an empty slogan. UNESCO Catno: 0000245825
Neuromodulation for functional upper gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Chen Jiande
Published: April 2023

Neuromodulation has recently received a great deal of attention among academic institutions, government funding agents
and industries. This mini-review focuses on methods and applications as well as mechanisms of various neuromodulation
methods in treating functional diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract. First, the methods of various neuromodulation are
introduced, including direct electrical stimulation at various peripheral nerves, such as the vagus nerve, sacral nerve and
spinal cord, direct gastrointestinal electrical stimulation and noninvasive/transcutaneous electrical stimulation. Then, literature
search was performed on the clinical applications of these neuromodulation methods for treating gastroesophageal reflux
disease, functional dyspepsia and gastroparesis. Due to nature of the mini-review, the search results are selectively
presented based on the expert opinions. Finally, a perspective is provided based on the author’s own experience in this field
of research.
Clinical and Swallowing Characteristics Related With Respiratory Infection in Parkinsonism Patients
Authors: Jung Ji Su , Jeon Heewon , Oh Byung-Mo , Seo Han Gil
Published: April 2023

Objective To investigate the clinical and swallowing characteristics related to respiratory infection in patients with parkinsonism.Methods One hundred and forty-two patients with parkinsonism who underwent videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) were enrolled in this study. The initial clinical and VFSS characteristics were compared between patients with and without a history of respiratory infection in the past year. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to identify clinical and swallowing characteristics related to respiratory infections.Results Patients with respiratory infections were older (74.75±10.20 years vs. 70.70±8.83 years, p=0.037), had a higher Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage (stage IV–V, 67.9% vs. 49.1%; p=0.047), and were more likely to have a diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD) (67.9% vs. 41.2%, p=0.011) than those without respiratory infections. Among VFSS findings, bolus formation, premature bolus loss, oral transit time, pyriform sinus residues, pharyngeal wall coatings, and penetration/aspiration were significantly worse in patients with respiratory infections (p<0.05). Regarding clinical characteristics, higher H&Y stage (odds ratio [OR], 3.174; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.226–8.216; p=0.017) and diagnosis of IPD (OR, 0.280, 95% CI, 0.111–0.706; p=0.007) were significantly related to respiratory infections in the multivariate analysis. Among VFSS findings, pyriform sinus residue (OR, 14.615; 95% CI, 2.257–94.623; p=0.005) and premature bolus loss (OR, 5.151; 95% CI, 1.047–25.338; p=0.044) were also significantly associated with respiratory infection.Conclusion This study suggests that disease severity, diagnosis, pyriform sinus residue, and premature bolus loss observed in VFSS are associated with respiratory infection in patients with parkinsonism.
Sinergitas Alumni dan Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat
Authors: Hakim Luqmanul
Published: April 2023

Synergy of Alumni and Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan in community economic empowerment is an article that seeks to answer the question how is the synergy of alumni and Pondok Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan in empowering the community's economy, by reviewing the synergy of alumni and society in general in economic empowerment programs is very important because Islamic boarding schools are currently required to show collaboration so that Islamic boarding schools are not only able to graduate students who understand religious knowledge, but are also required to have broad knowledge, managerial abilities and expertise that is entrepreneurial in nature as a medium for mutualist symbiosis between alumni and Islamic boarding schools. This research is a field research with a qualitative approach that is descriptive analytical. The data collection technique uses interviews, observation and documentation about programs that synergize with alumni in economic empowerment. Then the data is processed and analyzed with a descriptive-inductive pattern. The results of this study indicate that there is an implementation of synergy by pesantren and their alumni in economic empowerment. With this synergy, it provides a wide space for pesantren to be able to develop their potential and vice versa, the implication is to create mutually reinforcing synergies between alumni and pesantren. Forms of empowerment can be seen in the pattern of relationships between the Sunan Drajat Lamongan Islamic Boarding School and alumni through economic empowerment using the triple helix theory model.
悬臂掘进机在岩溶地层输水隧洞开挖中的应用实践——以贵阳市花南花中输水工程隧洞为例
Authors:   南京水利科学研究院, 叶 生华 ,   贵阳水资源开发投资有限公司
Published: April 2023

花南花中输水工程隧洞为三类、四类、五类围岩隧洞，穿越喀斯特岩溶、地下暗河、临近水库等不良地质段，复杂的、特殊的地质状况，导致隧洞开挖施工安全风险非常高；该隧洞邻近既有建筑、桥梁桩基、穿越市政道路路基，施工难度大，安全要求高，钻爆法不能够满足城区施工的安全要求。本文通过悬臂掘进机工法开挖对比钻爆开挖法的优点，研究了悬臂掘进机掘进施工技术，通过实际工程案例在开挖技术、工程进度方面的工程实际应用，悬臂掘进机工法在水工隧洞施工中具有非常广阔的工程应用前景。
Some Metal Oxide-Natural Rubber Composites for Gamma- and Low-Energy X-Ray Radiation Shielding
Authors: Fisli A. , Yulianti E. , Hanurajie B. , Sukaryo S. G. , Mashadi M , Rivai A. K. , Prastanto H. , Fathurrahman M. I.
Published: April 2023

This work studied protective material consisting of several metal oxide composites (Pb3O4, WO3, SnO2, and Bi2O3)-natural rubber (NR) for X-ray and gamma-ray shielding. The composites were prepared through open milling and vulcanization processes and further characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rheometry analysis, and density gauge. The attenuation coefficient of the sample was investigated using X-ray generators with voltages ranging from 50 to 140 kV and gamma-ray energies ranging and 356 to 1250 keV, respectively. The experimental results show that the linear attenuation coefficient of NR filled with metal oxides was significantly improved compared to pure NR. For gamma-ray 661 keV, the HVL of NR decreased from 9.0 cm to between 4.4 - 6.2 cm after it was filled with metal oxides. The Bi2O3-NR is the best suitable material for gamma-ray attenuation, followed by Pb3O4-NR, WO3-NR, and SnO2-NR. Meanwhile, for x-rays, the HVL of NR decreased from 2.0 cm to between 0.17 -0.31 cm after it was filled with metal oxides. The proposed metal oxide-NR composites can be appropriate as a flexible protective material for manufacturing wearable radiation shielding products such as gloves, aprons, rubber underwear, and other wearable materials.
The atherogenic index of plasma complicates the thrombotic tendency of chronic myeloproliferative disorders: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: KARADENİZ Mine , OZCAN ABACIOGLU Ozge , MALKAN Ümit Yavuz , HAZNEDAROĞLU İbrahim Celaleddin
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Chronic myeloproliferative diseases (CMPD) are neoplastic disorders leading to hypercoagulability and thrombosis. The critical hemostatic abnormalities include alterations in the blood viscosity and a history of recent thrombus. The aim of this study is to assess the interrelationships among the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and thromboembolism of CMPD with JAK2 V617F mutation.

Methods: Ninety-two patients diagnosed as CMPD with JAK2 V617F mutation and 73 controls were included into the study. The patients were evaluated for the presence of any venous or arterial thromboembolic events. AIP was calculated by using the formula log (Tg/HDL) from serum triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein values.

Results: The study group consisted of 30 patients (33%) with myelofibrosis (MF), 42 patients (46%) with polycythemia vera (PV) and 20 patients (21%) with essential thrombocythemia (ET). Two study groups were similar in terms of sex, age and other comorbidities (p > 0.05). CMPD group had higher levels of right blood cell count (RBC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelets (PLT), hemotocrit (Hct) and AIP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that platelet count, RBC and AIP were independent predictors for thrombosis in both groups. The comparison of ROC curve analysis disclosed that AIP was superior to platelet count and RBC in predicting thrombosis.

Conclusion: AIP can be used to determinate higher risk of thromboembolism in patients with CMPD. As a reliable and ‘easy-to-assess’ diagnostic tool, AIP could be useful for the determination of thrombotic events in CMPD clinicobiological disease course.
Information system as a determinant of effective change implementation in the Polish Police
Authors: Letkiewicz Arkadiusz , Karpenko Vitaliy
Published: April 2023

Any organisation, and the Police in particular, needs to adapt to ever-changing external conditions and internal challenges in order to be effective. The Polish Police have undergone numerous organisational changes since 1989, moving away from a highly centralised to a mixed model. The authors of this article present the assumptions of an effective model for implementing change in the Polish Police, developed on the basis of the conducted research. In addition, they point to the need to establish and maintain a high-level information system to ensure the information flow within the organisation.StreszczenieKada organizacja, w szczeglnoci za Policja, eby by efektywn musi dostosowywa si do wci zmieniajcych si warunkw zewntrznych oraz wyzwa wewntrznych. Polska Policja od 1989 roku przechodzi liczne zmiany organizacyjne, odchodzc od modelu silnie scentralizowanego do modelu mieszanego. Autorzy artykuu przedstawiaj zaoenia efektywnego modelu wprowadzania zmian w polskiej Policji, wypracowanego na podstawie przeprowadzonych bada. Ponadto wskazuj na konieczno stworzenia i utrzymania na wysokim poziomie systemu informacyjnego, ktry zapewni przepyw wewntrz organizacji.ZusammenfassungJede Organisation, insbesondere die Polizei, muss sich an die sich stndig ndernden ueren Bedingungen und internen Herausforderungen anpassen, um effizient zu handeln. Die Polnische Polizei hat seit 1989 zahlreichen organisatorischen Vernderungen unterliegen und ist somit von einem stark zentralisierten zu einem gemischten Modell bergegangen. Die Autoren des vorliegenden Artikels stellen die Voraussetzungen eines effektiven Modells fr die Einfhrung der Vernderungen in der Polnischen Polizei dar, das auf der Grundlage der durchgefhrten Untersuchungen entwickelt wurde. berdies weisen sie auf die Notwendigkeit hin, ein niveauvolles Informationssystem zu schaffen und zu unterhalten, um einen wirksamen Informationsfluss innerhalb der Organisation zu gewhrleisten. , , , . 1989 , . , . , .
Emergency Calls in Poland as Compared with Other European Union Countries
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Barbara , Lis Karolina
Published: April 2023

This article describes how the emergency notification system operates in Poland and presents the scale and use of the emergency number by the public based on an analysis of statistical data. The data collected was compared with data from other European Union countries. An outline of the steps taken by member states to reduce the number of calls blocking the emergency line is also presented
Conditions for the use of Coercive Means of Enforcement by Members of the Police Force in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Odlerová Miriam , Rogowski Krzysztof
Published: April 2023

The paper is based on the scientific research task undertaken at the Academy of Police Force in Bratislava, Research No. 246: Analysis of the coercive means of enforcement in selected police services. Its aim is to analyse the legal conditions of the use of coercive means by police officers in practice. The intervening police officer is obliged to know these legal conditions for the use of coercive means well and to be able to apply them correctlyStreszczenieArtyku zosta przygotowany na podstawie realizacji zadania naukowo-badawczego podjtego w Akademii Si Policyjnych w Bratysawie, nr badania 246: Analiza rodkw przymusu bezporedniego w wybranych subach policyjnych". Celem jego realizacji jest przeprowadzenie analizy uwarunkowa prawnych stosowania rodkw przymusu bezporedniego przez policjantw w praktyce. Policjant podejmujcy interwencj ma obowizek dobrze zna podstawy prawne uycia rodkw przymusu i umie je prawidowo zastosowa - , , 246: . . , , ZusammenfassungDer Artikel wurde auf der Grundlage der Durchfhrung der wissenschaftlichen Forschungsaufgabe an der Akademie der Polizeikrfte in Bratislava, Forschung Nr. 246: "Analyse der Manahmen des unmittelbaren Zwangs in ausgewhlten Polizeidienststellen" erstellt. Ihr Ziel ist es, die rechtlichen Bedingungen fr die Anwendung von direkten Zwangsmanahmen durch Polizeibeamte in der Praxis zu analysieren. Ein Polizeibeamter, der einen Einsatz durchfhrt, muss diese rechtlichen Bedingungen fr die Anwendung von Zwangsmanahmen gut kennen und in der Lage sein, sie korrekt anzuwenden.
Constructionist social work in the opinions of social work students and social workers. The example of the Solution Focused Therapy (SFT)
Authors: Miś Lucjan
Published: April 2023

Social constructionism is one of the important contemporary theories used by social workers. Mary K. Rodwell, Stanley Witkin and Peter de Jong point to similarities between the assumptions of constructionism and social work, and to minor differences between them. Solution Focused Therapy is a model example of a constructionist practice. It uses unique types of questions, although therapists also use additional questions and interventions.Empirical research on the use of Solution Focused Therapy (SFT) by employees of social welfare centres was conducted, among others, in 2006 and 2019.The results of the opinion survey of social workers on the value and usefulness of SFT in their work were compared. The first study was conducted in 2006, i.e., at the beginning of the implementation of this method in social welfare centres in Poland. The second study was conducted in 2019 in social welfare centres in Maopolska voivodship. The respondents positively assessed the usefulness of some SFT elements in working with customers (and in their own lives), especially questions about exceptions, scaling questions and the increase in self-confidence.The author also conducted his own survey of the opinion of students of social work at the Jagiellonian University about the SFT course. Like social workers, the students spoke positively about the method in a comparable way. SFT weaknesses included omitting the customer's past, time consumption and the so-called miracle question.Typical difficulties for students in learning SFT are the following: ignoring customer resources, avoiding controversial and conflicting topics, and not considering the other party's opinion as a basis for changing their thinking.Conclusion: social work and education find partial use of SFT. Most of SFT's specific questions and focus on the customer's strengths were appreciated by social workers and students. Difficulties in accepting this method lie in the attachment to the idea of diagnosis as an essential component of social work and the idea of objective reality.
Musculoskeletal involvement: COVID-19 and post COVID 19
Authors: Evcik Deniz
Published: April 2023

The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was known to predominantly affect the lungs, but it was realized that COVID-19 had a large variety of clinical involvement. Cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems are involved by direct or indirect mechanisms with various manifestations. The musculoskeletal involvement can manifest during COVID-19 infection, due to medications used for the treatment of COVID-19, and in the post/long COVID-19 syndrome. The major symptoms are fatigue, myalgia/arthralgia, back pain, low back pain, and chest pain. During the last two years, musculoskeletal involvement increased, but no clear consensus was obtained about the pathogenesis. However, there is valuable data that supports the hypothesis of angiotensinconverting enzyme 2, inflammation, hypoxia, and muscle catabolism. Additionally, medications that were used for treatment also have musculoskeletal adverse effects, such as corticosteroid-induced myopathy and osteoporosis. Therefore, while deciding the drugs, priorities and benefits should be taken into consideration. Symptoms that begin three months from the onset of the COVID-19 infection, continue for at least two months, and cannot be explained by another diagnosis is accepted as post/long COVID-19 syndrome. Prior symptoms may persist and fluctuate, or new symptoms may manifest. In addition, there must be at least one symptom of infection. Most common musculoskeletal symptoms are myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue, back pain, muscle weakness, sarcopenia, impaired exercise capacity, and physical performance. In addition, the female sex, obesity, elderly patients, hospitalization, prolonged immobility, having mechanical ventilation, not having vaccination, and comorbid disorders can be accepted as clinical predictors for post/long COVID-19 syndrome. Musculoskeletal pain is also a major problem and tends to be in chronic form. There is no consensus on the mechanism, but inflammation and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 seem to play an important role. Localized and generalized pain may occur after COVID-19, and general pain is at least as common as localized pain. An accurate diagnosis allows physicians to initiate pain management and proper rehabilitation programs.
Interventions used by occupational therapy in the treatment of amputees with phantom limb: an integrative review
Authors: De Maria B. de Melo Conceição , Regina Cabral Galvão Claudia , Basilio Carneiro Ana Lucia
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The phantom limb phenomenon is defined as the experience of having a missing organ responsible for generating sensations or pain, giving the perception that it is present. This condition involves physical, social and psychological alterations. Thus, the amputee needs multidisciplinary follow-up, which includes occupational therapists. This work aims to investigate the intervention strategies used by Occupational Therapy in the treatment of amputees with phantom limbs. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review. The bibliographic searches were carried out in the Embase and Scopus databases. To broaden the selection of references, the search extended to materials indexed in Google Scholar. Results: The final sample was composed of 54 papers, published between 2012 and 2022, and of these, only four papers were also conducted by occupational therapists. The country that most conducted studies regarding the theme of amputees with phantom limbs was the United States (25.9%). However, in Brazil no intervention study was found in the area.  Discussion: The interventions performed by Occupational Therapy were: stump lining (Farabloc); prosthesis glove with sensory feedback; graded motor imagery associated with mental imagery and mirror therapy; and acupuncture. Conclusion: In the data analysis it was possible to notice the disparity of research focus, between those that involve and those that do not involve occupational therapists, since, in Occupational Therapy research, interventions go beyond the ideal of relieving or eliminating pain, aiming also to improve functional capacity, occupational performance and quality of life.
Male breast cancer: histological characteristics
Authors: Carvalho Rios Cristiane , Paulla Vanni R. de Lima Mariah , Olete S. Deijani Mariana , Germano Pires Mateus , De Oliveira dos Santos Alcione
Published: April 2023

To investigate the types of male breast cancer, in order to obtain a better understanding, being applied in this study a bibliographic search using the main online search tools for indexed scientific and/or clinical articles, such as: Public Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (PubMed), MedScape, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Journal/Author Name Estimator (JANE).
Articles published between 2010 and 2020 were considered. Not discarding articles published in previous years with great relevance. Incomplete studies that do not present the necessary information to approach the theme proposed in the work will be excluded. Subsequently, there will be a selective reading of the abstracts of these bibliographic materials found, based on the proposed theme and combinations of descriptors. To analyze the results, information will be collected using a note card with the following information: title, year of publication, authors and considerations of the article. Then the content will be analyzed and used for the development of the study.
The aim of this study is to develop knowledge to promote an intervention and precaution project to be applied in a health unit with the objective of promoting a better quality of life for individuals with male breast cancer.
Aspectos gerais da reação inflamatória na COVID-19
Authors: Calil Leonardo Borghetti , Dellalibera-Joviliano Renata
Published: April 2023

Na atualidade, nos deparamos com uma das mais contagiosas infecções virais da história, a pandemia produzida pelo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, agente etiológico da apontada pela OMS Organização como COVID-19. Surgindo para o conhecimento de muitos no final de 2019, a COVID-19, já existente anteriormente à essa data, ganhou grande destaque após promover uma pandemia que durou os anos de 2020 e 2021 e fez milhares de vítimas por todo o mundo. Por sua patogênese e mecanismo de ataque serem praticamente desconhecidos e pouco estudados até o momento, as organizações de saúde pouco puderam fazer em um período curto de tempo, e várias pessoas de todas as partes do mundo sofreram as consequências da doença, direta ou indiretamente. Os efeitos colaterais para cada cidadão eram , muitas vezes, diferentes entre si, variando dos sintomas de um resfriado comum até uma síndrome respiratória aguda grave e se tornando mais letais em pacientes portadores de diabetes, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, insuficiência renal, obesidade, doenças cardiovasculares, entre outras. A partir daí, se percebeu a existência de inúmeras formas clínicas na COVID-19 e a necessidade de realizar-se estudos que elucidassem como cada uma funciona por meio do entendimento do papel específico dos linfócitos TCD4+ e TCD8+ no direcionamento de uma inflamação, além de entender como a reação acontece e o que “motiva” os linfócitos a promovê-la (SURYASA et al., 2021; SETTE, CROTTY, 2021; GALVÃO, DELLALIBERA-JOVILIANO 2022).
A Project-Based Learning (PBL) Event in a Chinese Rural School: How Can PBL Help Teachers and Students Accomplish Deep Learning?
Authors: Sun Jiwei
Published: April 2023

This study explores the potential of deep learning through project-based learning (PBL) and examines how it can facilitate the achievement of deep learning for both teachers and students. Fullan and Langworthy’s (2018) core principles of 21st-century skills, such as creativity, critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, cooperation, and character education, are closely related to deep learning, which has been demonstrated to lead to better learning outcomes. PBL is an innovative teaching approach that has been recognized as an effective pedagogical strategy for enhancing student learning. The study will draw on constructivism and Bloom’s taxonomy to examine the three stages of deep learning in PBL classes and assess how well the author’s personal PBL teaching experience promoted deep learning for their students. The study will present a literature review of PBL and deep learning, followed by a description of the PBL session, its three stages, and the shortcomings of the learning process that occurred. Finally, the study will conclude with the author’s reflections on their teaching session.
Economic Situations of Lagrange Multiplier When Costs of Various Inputs Increase for Nonlinear Budget Constraint
Authors: Mohajan Devajit , Mohajan Haradhan Kumar
Published: April 2023

An industry always expects to survive in profit maximization atmosphere. To develop profit maximization strategy, it must follow scientific methods in every step of production and distribution. Only proper decisions can propel the industry smoothly in sustainable way. This study attempts to discuss economic effects of Lagrange multiplier when per unit costs of various inputs increase. In this paper the method of Lagrange multiplier is applied to represent higher dimensional unconstrained problem from the lower dimensional constrained problem. Cobb-Douglas production function, 6×6 bordered Hessian matrix, and 6×6 Jacobian are operated here to provide economic predictions appropriately. In the study profit maximization is considered with subject to the nonlinear budget constraint.
Effect of crude oil pollution on heavy metal content and GST gene expression of Mucuna pruriens
Authors: Chibuzor Okwudili Okoro  , Julian Onyewuonyeoma Osuji  , Edache Bernard Ochekwu
Published: April 2023

The study investigated the effect of crude oil pollution on the heavy metal content and gene expression of Mucuna pruriens. Varying amounts of crude oil (0ml, 200ml, 400ml, 800ml and 1000ml) were used to pollute 10kg bags of loam soil, onto which Mucuna pruriens seeds were planted for 8 weeks. Data were collected for heavy metal content of plant tissues and GST gene expression. The highest heavy metal content of the plant tissue was observed at the 800ml treatment (0.0135 g kg-1, 0.074 g kg-1, and 0.0211 g kg-1) and the least was observed for the control treatment (0.0049 g kg-1, 0.034 g kg-1 and 0.0142 g kg-1), thus showing percentage increments of 175.51%, 117.65%, and 48.59% for the copper, zinc, and nickel content respectively. This showed that the increment of crude oil pollution in the soil led to a seemingly dose-dependent increment of heavy metal content of the plant tissue. The normalized expression levels of the target gene (GST) in the calibrator (control) sample “A”, and that of the treated/polluted (test) sample “B” were established as 0.150726 and 0.145592 respectively; and, it was established that there was no significant change in the normalized expression levels of the target gene (GST) in both the control (calibrator) sample and the treated/polluted (test) sample. Crude oil treatment of M. pruriens, despite showing reductions in the morphological parameters and increments in the heavy metal content of the tissues, didn’t affect the expression of the target GST gene, as was evident in the absence of significant difference in the normalized expression levels of the target gene (GST) in both the control (calibrator) sample and the treated/polluted (test) sample. Considering the resilience of M. pruriens and its ability to adapt to the high amounts of crude oil in the soil, it is advised that it be employed in the possible phyto-extraction of crude oil and/or phyto-remediation in crude oil polluted soils.
Analysis of Renewable Energy Potential In The Implementation of NZE 2060 To Support Defence In Indonesia
Authors: HS Putri Rheviany , Suwarno Panji , Yudho Prakoso Lukman , Koerniawati Inez , Yulianto Tri , Khotimah Nur
Published: April 2023

This paper discusses changes in environmental quality caused by the increase in the earth’s temperature which is increasing every year. The impact of rising earth temperature includes environmental damage, economic losses, and social losses. Therefore, several countries have discussed renewable energy as a solution to withstand the increase in earth’s temperature, one of which is through the concept of NZE (Net Zero Energy) which aims to reduce dependence on fossil energy sources. The implementation of NZE in Indonesia in 2060 is expected to support the national Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060 program, which is a continuation of the follow-up to the Paris Agreement. In addition, the author also relates government support in order to maximize the potential of Renewable Energy in the Application of NZE can also support the defense of the Indonesian state. The research method used is a qualitative method in the form of an objective narrative literature review.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Öğretimsel Liderlik Stilleri ile İlgili Yapılan Çalışmaların Analizi
Authors: UZUNCAKÖSE Yılmaz
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada, öğretimsel liderlik konusuna yönelik araştırmalara ilişkin mevcut durumun, 2010-2020 yılları arasında yapılan lisansüstü tezlerden yola çıkılarak meta sentez yöntemi ile incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırma, betimsel bir çalışmadır. Bu araştırmada nitel bir araştırma olarak değerlendirilen doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu tip araştırma yöntemleri genel olarak meta sentez olarak ifade edilmektedir. Çalışmaya 58 adet lisansüstü tez dahil edilmiştir ve öğretimsel liderlik üzerine 2010-2020 yılları arasında yapılan lisansüstü tezler incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, öğretimsel liderlik üzerine 54 adet yüksek lisans ve 4 adet doktora tezinin yapıldığı görülmüş olup çeşitli bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada, öğretimsel liderlik üzerine yapılan çalışmaların genellikle yüksek lisans düzeyinde olduğu, doktora düzeyindeki çalışmaların ise çok az olduğu ancak son yıllarda öğretimsel liderlik üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda bir artış olduğu görülmüştür. Literatür tarandığında hem liderlik hem de öğretimsel liderlik üzerine yapılmış çalışmalara rastlanmıştır. Ancak öğretimsel liderlik üzerine yapılmış tezlerin sınıflandırılarak araştırmaların bütüncül olarak değerlendirildiği bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu yönüyle literatüre katkı sağlayacağı için önemli görülebilir.
A Nano Topology Based Assessment with Parameter Reduction in Mathematics Education
Authors: Akürek Yunus Emre , Topal Selçuk , Duran Volkan
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to compare eight evaluations and is to give an assessment in mathematics education via nano-topology. The effectiveness of the nano-topology method is evaluated by learning readiness, in-class performance, responsibility, parental awareness, behaviour, interest, success points at the end of the term, and exam points. Despite the lack of a theoretical contribution, the study provides insight into the use of nano-topology in parameter reduction. In this regard, it is suggested that similar evaluations can be made using traditional statistical methods and machine learning techniques.
Yaratıcı Drama Yönteminin Öğrencilerin Çevresel Problemlere İlişkin Görüşlerine Etkisi / The Effect of Creative Drama Method on Students' Views on Environmental Problems
Authors: Teker Erkan
Published: April 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı yaratıcı drama yönteminin ilköğretim 7. sınıfta okuyan öğrencilerin çevre sorunlarına yönelik sorulan problemlere ilişkin görüşlerine etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenoloji araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Fen dersinde canlılar ve hayat adlı ünite 6 hafta boyunca yaratıcı drama yönetimi ile işlenmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklemini yazarın görev yaptığı İstanbul ili, Esenler ilçesi 2007–2008 eğitim öğretim yılında İlköğretim okulunda toplam iki sınıf olmak koşuluyla 7. sınıfta okuyan öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem grup 36 kız ve 32 erkek öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 68 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem grup daha önce hiç drama dersi almamıştır. Nitel verileri elde etmek için veri toplama araçlarından “ yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” kullanılmıştır. Görüşme formu ile ortaya çıkan nitel veriler, içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğrenciler ile birebir görüşme yapmak yerine örneklem grup 6 alt gruba ayrılarak görüşme formundaki ilgili sorular cevaplamaları için gruplara dağıtılmıştır. Gruplardan alınan cevapların ham halleri toplanmış, bilgisayar ortamına aktarılıp içerik analizi yapıldıktan sonra tablolar halinde sunulmuştur. Hazırlanan sorular yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelerdeki kıstaslar dikkate alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Bu sayede yaratıcı drama yönteminin fen dersinde kullanılması durumunda öğrencilerin çevre sorunlarına yönelik çözüm önerilerine olan görüşlerindeki farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına bakıldığında yaratıcı drama yönteminin öğrencilerin çevre sorunlarına çözüm üretme yaklaşımlarını olumlu yönde etkilediği bu sayede çevre sorunlarına daha kapsamlı çözüm önerileri getirmelerinde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.