bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Em estudos de ecologia, evolução e biodiversidade, toda borboleta já foi uma lagarta
Authors: Maciel Everton Alves , Martins Fernando Roberto
Published: April 2024

Apesar dos recentes avanços em ecologia, evolução e biodiversidade, lacunas taxonômicas permanecem em muitas espécies de plantas. Se não conhecermos as espécies de plantas com confiança, onde elas ocorrem e com qual abundância, aconservação da diversidade vegetal não será possível. Assim, o esforço dos taxonomistas é importante para o planejamento de ações de conservação. Aqui, argumentamos que a ciência deveria olhar para o trabalho taxonômico com mais atenção. Este assunto tem sido debatido há muito tempo, mas, uma vez que a taxonomia tenha sido considerada uma ciência em crise, esse debate precisa continuar ativo. Usando o fator de impacto (IF) de periódicos,não advogamos sobrecarregar o trabalho de taxonomistas, mas enfatizamos como ele tem sido subestimado.Comparamos o IF entre periódicos com foco em ecologia, área florestal, genética e taxonomia. Embora a taxonomia seja a base de todas as demais áreas biomédicas, os periódicos que tratam dela têm os menoresIFs. Ao mesmo tempo, enfatizamos a importância dos levantamentos fitossociológicos e florísticos e concluímos que sem eles a estratégia de proteção das espécies vegetaisnão será eficiente nem possível de ser completada.
PELAYANAN SOSIAL LANJUT USIA KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Sudarsono Muhammad , Muchamad Bani Noor
Published: April 2024

The Elderly Social Services is a community service institution under the auspices of the Social Service which is intended to improve the welfare of the elderly in their old age. The lack of this institution in the city of Banjarmasin has an impact on the low welfare of the elderly in the city of Banjarmasin. Designing Elderly Social Services in the city of Banjarmasin is expected to improve the welfare of the elderly in the city of Banjarmasin, to help achieve the goal of improving welfare of the elderly. The problem raised in the elderly social services is the design that requires it to be a comfortable home and gives the impression of kinship to its inhabitants. Research using behavioral architectural methods as a reference in designing, so as to produce a Homey concept in buildings to make the elderly feel comfortable and find the meaning of the word back home, in buildings that conceptualize the homey of the elderly will be directed to know each other and make a family impression between them.
Optimizing Foundations: The Case for Slab Selection in Multi-Story Residential Buildings
Authors: Nargul Saktaganova , Saken Uderbayev , Akmaral Zhapakhova , Gulnaz Zhakapbayeva , Gulaina Aben , Alina Yespenbetova
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the optimal foundation design for multi-story residential buildings through a comparative analysis of two foundation variants under specific geological conditions. Employing the finite element method via SCAD software, we assessed the structural integrity and load-bearing capacities of the foundation options. Material consumption was quantified for each variant, and the consistency of settling calculations for the slab foundation was evaluated. The results indicated that the slab foundation not only minimizes material usage but also simplifies design complexity according to normative standards. Based on technical and economic assessments, the slab foundation is recommended as the most cost-effective and structurally efficient option for such construction projects. This research provides a pivotal foundation design perspective that could influence future architectural and engineering practices in residential building construction.

Highlights:

SCAD software validates foundation integrity via finite element analysis.

Slab foundations offer superior cost and material efficiency.

Simplifies design, enhancing construction process efficiency.

Keywords: Structural Integrity, Slab Foundation, Reinforcement, Monolith, Building
Investigation on the Influence of Electrolytic Milling Machining Parameters on the Machining Accuracy of Thin-walled Parts
Authors: Hou Junming , Wang Baosheng , Lv Dongsheng , Xu Changhong
Published: April 2024

In order to reduce the weight of aircraft parts, they are often designed as thin-walled structures and the thin-walled structure will deform when the cutting force is generated and applied to the thin-walled parts for its poor rigidity. So the machining accuracy of thin-walled parts will be reduced for the deformation in milling process. Then, the electrolytic milling method composed of milling and electrochemical machining is proposed to reduce workpiece deformation and improve machining accuracy of thin-walled parts. The machining parameters of milling method and electrochemical machining method, which connected with the material removal thickness and machining accuracy, are analysed. The machining parameters, which contain spindle speed, feed rate, voltage, electrolyte concentration, are selected and the machining accuracy measuring experiments are implemented. And the machining accuracy predicting model of thin-walled parts is established on the basis of electrolytic milling experimental results. The effects of milling parameters and electrochemical machining parameters on material removal thickness are studied separately. In addition, the accuracy predicting model is also validated by electrolytic milling experiments. The results show that the machining accuracy of electrochemical milling is superior to that of milling. It is a composite machining method that combines the advantages of electrochemical machining and milling.
The Tmem16a chloride channel is required for mucin maturation after secretion from goblet-like cells in the Xenopus tropicalis tadpole skin.
Authors: Dubaissi Eamon , Emma Hilton , Lilley Sarah , Collins Richard , Danahay Henry , Gosling Martin , Grencis Richard , Roberts Ian , Thornton David
Published: April 2024

The TMEM16A chloride channel is proposed as a therapeutic target in cystic fibrosis, where activation of this ion channel might restore airway surface hydration and mitigate respiratory symptoms. While TMEM16A is associated with increased mucin production under stimulated or pro-inflammatory conditions, its role in baseline mucin production, secretion and/or maturation is less well understood. Here, we use the Xenopus tadpole skin mucociliary surface as a model of human upper airway epithelium to study Tmem16a function in mucus production. We found that Xenopus tropicalis Tmem16a is present at the apical membrane surface of tadpole skin small secretory cells that express canonical markers of mammalian “goblet cells” such as Foxa1 and Spdef. X. tropicalis Tmem16a functions as a voltage-gated, calcium-activated chloride channel when transfected into mammalian cells in culture. Depletion of Tmem16a from the tadpole skin results in dysregulated mucin maturation post-secretion, with secreted mucins having a disrupted molecular size distribution and altered morphology assessed by sucrose gradient centrifugation and electron microscopy, respectively. Our results show that in the Xenopus tadpole skin Tmem16a is necessary for normal mucus barrier formation and demonstrate the utility of this model system to discover new biology relevant to human mucosal biology in health and disease.
Strong asymptotic giant branch stars’ spectral features in distant quiescent galaxies: Impact on galaxy evolution
Authors: LU Shiying , Daddi Emanuele , Maraston Claudia , Dickinson Mark , Haro Pablo Arrabal , Gobat Raphaël , Renzini Alvio , Giavalisco Mauro , Bagley Micaela , Calabrò Antonello , Cheng Yingjie , Vega Alexander de la , D'Eugenio Chiara , Elbaz David , Finkelstein Steven , Gómez-Guijarro Carlos , Gu Qiusheng , Hathi Nimish , Huertas-Company Marc , Kartaltepe Jeyhan , Koekemoer Anton , Bail Aurélien Le , Lyu Yipeng , Magnelli Benjamin , Mobasher Bahram , Papovich Casey , Pirzkal Norbert , Rich R. Michael , Tacchella Sandro , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: April 2024

Age-dating and weighting stellar populations in galaxies at various cosmic epochs are essential steps to study galaxy formation through cosmic times. Evolutionary population synthesis models with different input physics are used towards this aim. In particular, the contribution from the thermally pulsing asymptotic-giant-branch (TP-AGB) stellar phase, which peaks for intermediate-age 0.6-2 Gyr systems, has been debated upon for decades. Here we report the detection of strong cool star signatures in the rest-frame near-infrared spectra of three young (~1 Gyr), massive (~10^10 Msun) quiescent galaxies at large look-back time, z=1-2, using JWST/NIRSpec. The co-existence of oxygen- and carbon-type absorption features, spectral edges and features from rare species such as Vanadium, and possibly Zirconium, reveal a strong contribution from TP-AGB stars. Population synthesis models with significant TP-AGB contribution reproduce the observations considerably better than those with weak TP-AGB, which are those commonly used. These findings call for revisions of published stellar population fitting results, pointing to lower masses and younger ages, with additional implications on cosmic dust production and chemical enrichment. These results will stimulate new generations of improved models informed by these and future observations.
Thickness Thinning and Transition Zone Movement of Tailor Rolled Blank under Different Blank Holder Force Modes
Authors: ZHANG Huawei , WU Jia-lu , GONG Yong-zhen , WANG Xin-gang
Published: April 2024

Tailor Rolled Blank(TRB) demonstrates great potential in the field of automotive lightweight, and thus the research on the formability of TRB is of high practical value. In this paper, the formability of Tailor Rolled Blank under different blank holder force(BHF) modes was studied through numerical simulations and stamping experiments by taking square box as the research object. The effects of BHF value and BHF type on the formability of TRB were analyzed, and the thickness thinning and the thickness transition zone(TTZ) movement for TRB part under different BHF modes were discussed. The findings indicate that the blank hold force plays an important role in the forming process of TRB. The segmented blank holder and the stepped mould gap adjustment plate can provide different blank hold forces and a uniform blank holding gap for the thinner side and the thicker side. Constant BHF and higher BHF value on the thinner side than that on the thicker side(4 tons on the thinner side and 2 tons on the thicker side) independent of time are advantageous to improving the formability of TRB.
WITHDRAWN: Impact of SMOFlipid Emulsion Integration in Total Parenteral Nutrition on Inpatient Outcomes and Economic Burden for Preterm Neonates: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Refaay Mohamed Emad Eldin , Yassine Omaima Gaber Mohamed , Abu-Sheasha Ghada Ahmad , Sayed Prof. Dr. Adel Zaki Abdel
Published: April 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors since they no longer stand by the findings/conclusions of this work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Deciphering genotype performance, genotype and environment interaction of seed cotton yield and ginning outturn using GGE biplot for selection of Gossypium hirsutum for rainfed ecosystem
Authors: Subbarayan Sivakumar , K Bharathi Kumar , P Anantharaju , K Thiyagu , A Manivannan , Banoth Madhu
Published: April 2024

Background
Cotton is mostly grown under rainfed condition by small and marginal farmers and provides economic livelihood. The assessment of adaptability of a suitable genotype is important and therefore, multilocation evaluation of genotypes was conducted at eight agro-ecologically diverse environments under rainfed ecosystems in India. The data was analyzed for key biometrical traits using pooled ANOVA, LSD test, correlation matrices and regression analysis over two years (2019-20). Additionally, we employed genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis to identify winning genotypes across different environments.
Results
The results showed that genotype, environment and their interaction (GEI) significantly (p < 0.01) influenced SCY and GOT%. The GEI showed a high significant impact on SCY (40.46%) and GOT% (48.86%) among genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between SCY and major yielding traits such as boll weight, ginning outturn and lint yield. Regression analysis demonstrated that a combination of these traits contributed to high stable yield over the years across the rainfed conditions. The total variation in SCY was 96.61%, composed of PC1 and PC2 values at 92.06% and 4.55%, respectively. GGE biplot analysis identified the genotypes viz., NDLH2057-1, TVH007, and NH615 exhibited high yield potential and ginning outturn and high stability across multilocations. The average environment axis (AEA) of the biplot identified most representative location for the yield and GOT%, respectively.
Conclusion
The findings identified the use of optimal genotypes for cultivation and use of such genotypes for trait introgression in future breeding and crop improvement, which may facilitate genetic gain of yielding traits and ginning outturn in rainfed environments.
Flood Susceptibility Modelling by Advanced Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) in the foothills of Southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India
Authors: Kandpal Umashankar , Sharma Rajat Kr , Roy Arka , Sreel K , Kundapura Subrahmanya
Published: April 2024

The intensity and frequency of extreme events have increased significantly in the past few years due to climate change, leading to more severe and devastating floods worldwide. In India, Kerala state has witnessed the most catastrophic floods of the century in the past five years. Thus, accurate flood susceptibility models are required for effective risk assessment and disaster management. In the present study, Machine Learning-based flood susceptibility models are developed for one of the severely affected districts, Kottayam, in the foothills of the Southern Western Ghats of Kerala state in India. The performance of SVM, tree-based XGBOOST, and Deep-Learning CNN models have been evaluated in flood susceptibility modelling. The performance of candidate models is evaluated using the Area Under the Curve of the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). The models are validated using Overall accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity, and F1- score. CNN model outperformed SVM and XGBOOST. The AUC - ROC for SVM, XGBOOST, and CNN is 0.96, 0.97, and 0.99, respectively. The flood susceptibility model developed in the present study will be helpful in better disaster preparedness and the development of tailored flood mitigation plans, which would eventually reduce the impact of floods in the coming years.
Impact of Psychological Entitlement on Engagement in Learning Activities and Psychological Anxiety of Hotel Employees: Envy as an Explanatory Mechanism
Authors: Irshad Muhammad , Majeed Mehwish , FARID TAHIR , Basahal Abdulrahman S , Iqbal Sadaf , Yaqub Muhammad Zafar
Published: April 2024

A personality trait, "psychological entitlement," has appeared as a significant field of research. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of psychological entitlement on engagement in learning activities and psychological anxiety in the hotel industry. Furthermore, benign and malign envy were examined as an explanatory mechanism between psychological entitlement and its outcomes. Based on a three-wave time-lagged design, data were obtained from 242 employees working in the different hotels in Pakistan. We found that psychological entitlement's has no direct influence on hotel employees engagement in learning activities, and psychological anxiety. In addition, the indirect effect of psychological entitlement on both outcomes (engagement in learning activities and psychological anxiety) was found significant through the mediating effect of benign and malign envy. The implications for research theory and practice are discussed.
Active Learning-Driven Discovery and Dynamics Simulation of Novel SQLE Inhibitors with ADMET Analysis and Molecular Modification
Authors: Xu YunYun , Wang Qiang , Xu GaoQiang , Xu YouJian , Mou Yiping
Published: April 2024

In this study, we leveraged a sophisticated active learning model to enhance virtual screening for SQLE inhibitors. The model's improved predictive accuracy identified compounds with significant advantages in binding affinity and thermodynamic stability. Detailed analyses, including molecular dynamics simulations and ADMET profiling, were conducted, particularly focusing on compounds CMNPD11566 and its derivative HCJ007. CMNPD11566 showed stable interactions with SQLE, but HCJ007 exhibited enhanced dynamic characteristics and interaction patterns. ADMET data comparison highlighted HCJ007's superior profile in terms of lower toxicity and better drug-likeness. Our findings suggest HCJ007 as a promising candidate for SQLE inhibition, with significant improvements over CMNPD11566 in various pharmacokinetic and safety parameters. The study underscores the efficacy of computational models in drug discovery and the importance of comprehensive preclinical evaluations.
Impact of In2O3 content on the structural, thermal, and mechanical hallmarks of Na2O-BaO- ZnO-Fe2O3 -P2O 5 glass systems
Authors: Ibrahim S. , Khattari Z. Y. , Mahdy Ebrahim A.
Published: April 2024

Six glass compositions in the form 20Na2O–15BaO–10ZnO–(9–x) Fe2O3–xIn2O3–46P2O5 in which 0 ≤ X ≥ 9 mol% were synthesized using a traditional melting method at ambient conditions. In these glass systems, In2O3 was used to partly substitute Fe2O3. The impact of the In2O3 content on the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of the glasses was investigated. Complete characterizations have been accomplished using XRD, DSC, and measurements of the density and molar volume. Elastic parameters including Poisson's ratio properties were also studied. The XRD patterns reflect the amorphous nature of the examined samples. The measured glass density was linearly increased (3.57–3.83 g/cm3), while the calculated molar volume was linearly decreased (34.48–34.11cm3/mol). The DSC examination points out that the indium ions mostly take part in network-forming positions and increase the rigidity of the glass network. Also, as inferred from the DSC data, the thermo-physical parameters Tg, Tp, and glass stability (∆GS) increased nearly proportionately as In2O3 was added, whereas the heat capacity change (∆Cp) was inversely related. Regarding the mechanical calculations, all elastic parameters decreased as a result of compositional In2O3/Fe2O3 modifications. Overall, these findings offer crucial insights into the intricate interplay between composition and properties in glasses, with potential implications spanning various fields, from materials science to engineering applications
Exploring the Relative Economics of Mustard Plant under Various Treatments
Authors: Rafeeq Foumy N , Sharma Rohit
Published: April 2024

All the major plant nutrients viz., nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium play important role in increasing the production of mustard. A major part of fertilizer nitrogen applied is lost as NH3 through volatilization. The optimum supply of phosphorus to the plant stimulates root development and growth thereby helps to establish seedling quickly and also reduces the harmful effect of excess nitrogen in plants. Potassium helps in maintaining a normal balance between carbohydrates and proteins. Economics of each treatment in relation to fertilizers was worked out taking into account the current prices of produces, fertilizers and its expenditure involved in all kinds of operations as per treatment on per hectare basis in ha ₹-1 and the cost of cultivation is calculated where, gross returns, net returns and benefit cost ratio was considered. Economic returns were worked out by calculating operational cost of individual treatment. A field experiment was initiated during rabi, 2021-22 at Research Farm, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications comprising of three fertilizer treatments viz. (F1) 0 kg ha-1, (F2) 60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 and (F3) 60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 20 kg K2O ha-1 as first factor. On the basis of experimental finding summarized, Marked improvement in growth, yield traits and yield, quality and nutrient uptake of mustard were observed with application of (F3) 60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 20 kg K2O ha-1. On the basis of B: C ratio, application of F3) 60 kg N + 30 kg P2O5 + 20 kg K2O ha-1.
Coating Layer Design Principles Considering Li Chemical Potential Distribution within Solid Electrolytes in Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Kimura Yuta , Fujisaki Takaya , Shimizu Tetsuya , Nakamura Takashi , Iriyama Yasutoshi , Amezawa Koji
Published: April 2024

Introducing a coating layer (CL) at an active material (AM)/solid electrolyte (SE) interface is a pivotal approach to ensure interfacial stability in solid-state batteries (SSBs), thereby improving their durability and performance. To thermodynamically protect the interface, CLs must not only be chemically compatible with the SE and AM but also maintain Li chemical potential (µLi) at the SE/CL interface within the electrochemical window of the SE. However, a general CL design principle to achieve this remains unestablished. Here we theoretically elucidate the µLi distribution across the SE and CL in SSBs and examine the requirements for CLs to thermodynamically protect SEs. We show that the protective capability of CLs is not solely determined by their intrinsic characteristics and chemical compatibility with SEs and AMs, but is also governed by the µLi distribution within the SE and CL. We propose a quantitative approach based on the µLi distribution within the SE and CL to determine the required characteristics and geometries of CLs that ensure interfacial thermodynamic stability while minimizing ohmic resistance in SSBs, providing insights for CL design.
Structural Analysis of Si-Doped Amorphous In2O3: Insights from Quantum Beam Measurements and Computer Simulations
Authors: Shuseki Yuta , Fujiwara Akihiko , Mitoma Nobuhiko , Kizu Takio , Nabatame Toshihide , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Onodera Yohei , Masuno Atsunobu , Ohara Koji , Kohara Shinji
Published: April 2024

The structural properties and thermal stability of Si-doped amorphous indium oxide (ISO) were investigated via experimental characterization and computational modeling techniques. The total structure factors, S(Q), and reduced pair distribution functions, G(r), were calculated for both annealed and pristine ISO samples, revealing the distinct structural features induced by Si doping and thermal treatment. Although the pristine ISO samples exhibited halo patterns indicative of an amorphous structure, annealing at 600°C led to pronounced Bragg peaks, suggesting that the sample was crystallized. However, an ISO with a higher Si content (20 at.%) retained its amorphous structure even after annealing, highlighting the role of Si-doping in enhancing the thermal stability. Classical molecular dynamics–reverse Monte Carlo simulations were employed to elucidate the structure of pristine ISO samples, revealing good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the partial structure factors, Sij(Q), and partial pair distribution functions, gij(r) demonstrate the influence of Si doping on atomic correlations and density changes in the ISO. Polyhedral connectivity analysis suggests that the fraction changes of edge sharing due to Si doping affect the thermal stability of ISO and that SiO4 tetrahedra play a crucial role in inhibiting crystallization.
On the Neutrality of Profit Taxation under International Competition
Authors: Kuo Horn-In , Ueng K. L. Glen , Lin Yan-Shu , Shih Pei-Cyuan
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the neutrality of profit taxation under international competition. When the foreign entry mode is export, profit tax neutrality always holds under an oligopolistic market. However, profit tax neutrality only holds if the privatization policy is optimized under a mixed oligopolistic market. Furthermore, profit tax neutrality is irrelevant to whether the import tariff policy is endogenized. However, profit tax neutrality will not hold if there is FDI, even when the privatization policy and the import tariff policy are optimized.
JEL classification: H21, L11, L22, L23
Experimental investigations on WEDM performance characteristics of FGH99 powder metallurgy superalloy
Authors: Qian Chuan , Zhao Ming , Li Benkai , Zhao Biao , DING Wen-Feng , Cui Hailong
Published: April 2024

In response to challenges posed by conventional machining methods, an exploratory experimental investigation was conducted to assess the effectiveness of wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) in fabricating turbine disc slots from powder metallurgy superalloy FGH99. The present study conducted a single-factor experiment on WEDM using FGH99 alloys, with the aim of investigating the impact of different WEDM parameters on the material removal rate, surface roughness, and surface morphology. Additionally, the analysis encompassed the characterization of both the heat-affected zone and plastic deformation zone on the workpiece surface. Results show that there is a positive correlation between surface roughness and variables such as pulse width, pulse gap, servo voltage, and wire tension. Conversely, wire speed exhibits an inverse relationship with surface roughness. Notably, the impact of pulse width on surface roughness surpasses that of other parameters. Metallographic examination reveals that under the selected process parameters, while ensuring the efficiency of material removal, superior machining quality was achieved. The absence of conspicuous recast layers on the workpiece surface, with an average thickness of the plastic deformation layer measured at 3.97 µm, indicating favorable processing outcomes. The aforementioned findings provide valuable experimental insights into the WEDM process of FGH99 alloys and offer foundational engineering data for the fabrication of turbine disc slots made from this material.
Moiré superlattices of antimonene on a Bi(111) substrate with van Hove singularity and Rashba-type spin polarization
Authors: Uchihashi Takashi , Nakamura Tomonori , Chen Yitao , Nemoto Ryohei , Qian Wenxuan , Fukushima Yuto , Kawaguchi Kaishu , Mori Ryo , Kondo Takeshi , Yamaji Youhei , Tsuda Shunsuke , Yaji Koichiro
Published: April 2024

Moiré superlattices consisting of two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted immense attention because of emergent phenomena such as flat band-induced Mott insulating states and unconventional superconductivity. However, the effects of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on these materials have not yet been fully explored. Here,we show that single- and double-bilayer (BL) Sb honeycomb lattices, referred to as antimonene, form moiré superlattices on a Bi(111) substrate due to lattice mismatch. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) measurements reveal the presence of spectral peaks near the Fermi level, which are spatially modulated with the moiré period. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations clarify the surface band structure with saddle points near the Fermi level, which allows us to attribute the observed STM spectral peaks to the van Hove singularity. Moreover, spin-resolved ARPES measurements reveal that the observed surface states are Rashba-type spin-polarized. The present work has significant implications in that Fermi surface instability and symmetry breaking may emerge at low temperatures, where the spin degree of freedom and electron correlation also play important roles.
Emergence of topological bimerons in monolayer CrSBr
Authors: Yang Baishun , Han Xiufeng , Picozzi Silvia
Published: April 2024

The rich and fascinating physics of topological spin textures in van der Waals two-dimensional magnets has motivated recent growing interests, though a comprehensive understanding remains elusive. Here, by atomistic simulations on monolayer CrSBr, we find two different magnetic phases emerging under non-equilibrium conditions at a standard ferromagnetic transition Tc and at a distinct lower temperature T*. Moreover, the real-space analysis of the spin texture reveals the emergence of metastable topological bimeron defects below T*, showing an algebraic-like decaying spin-spin correlation function. The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, induced by the local site asymmetry in the centrosymmetric CrSBr monolayer, is proved to be the origin of the bimerons formation. Furthermore, the increasing bimerons density upon increasing the cooling rate follows a Kibble-Zurek behavior, suggesting a handle to drive and control topological bimerons below T*. Our results put forward CrSBr as an important candidate for the investigation of dynamical behavior of bimerons in vdW magnets.
Functionalization of liposomes with ApoE-derived peptides affects cellular uptake and drug transport to atherosclerotic plaque
Authors: chen ling , zhang tingjun , Rong Cai , xu zhengming , tang xiaoxue , Hu Houxiang
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Nanomedicine has gathered significant attention in atherosclerosis. However, there remains an apparent gap between laboratory discovery and clinical translation of nanomaterials. Therefore, we constructed a new nanomaterial that selected liposomes as drug-delivery carriers. and modified with Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) peptides which may alleviate atherosclerotic plaque to seek a novel idea about treatment of atherosclerosis .
Methods
We successfully constructed nanoparticles loaded with Atorvastatin and modified them with aE15A (ApoE peptide) (Lip@A@15A). In vitro, the study of cellular uptake of nanomaterials by macrophages was detected by Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and concentrations of inflammatory factors were detected using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay. In vivo, ApoE-/- mice were used to construct atherosclerotic models that were treated with many reagents, including Lip@A@15A, in which the stability of atherosclerotic plaque in aortas and the macrophage-derived foam cells were observed by oil “O” and Masson staining.
Results
Lip@A@15A showed low toxicity in an in vitro cytotoxicity test and had the highest phagocytic efficiency by macrophages compared to liposomes and nanoparticles loaded with atorvastatin (Lip@A). Therefore, the function of lipid phagocytosis and the levels of IL-1βand TNF-αin macrophages treated with Lip@A@15A were the lowest compared with that of macrophages treated with the other three reagents (P<0.05). More importantly, Lip@A@15A may be localized in the aortic intima. Lip@A@15A markedly improved plaque stability and inhibited plaque rupture compared with mice treated with other reagents.
Conclusion
Relative to Lip@A, Lip@A@15A more significantly enhanced endocytosis by macrophages and impeded inflammatory factors from macrophages. In addition, it actively targeted atherosclerotic plaques and improved plaque stability.
Study on the myopia control effect of OK lens on children with different corneal curvature
Authors: Feifei Shi , Feidi Li , Qunwu Tang , Huifeng Wu
Published: April 2024

Objective: To explore the effect of OK lens on myopia control in children with different corneal curvature.
Method: A total of 178 myopic children admitted to our hospital from April 2019 to July 2021 were selected and grouped according to the baseline (at enrollment), and the children were divided into three groups, namely axial group (corneal curvature 41.5D, n=58), curvature group (corneal curvature 44D, n=55), and mixed group (41.5D corneal curvature 44D, n=65). All the children were treated with ok lens; comparing the growth rate of refraction, axial length, corneal curvature and axial axis respectively, and analyzing the prevention and control effect of myopia in different cycles and whether the prevention and control effect of different types of myopia were different.
Result: The axis and refraction of the three groups improved within 2 years after wear, but the corneal curvature in the three groups showed a decreasing trend; After comparing the refraction, corneal curvature and axial length after wear, the refraction, corneal curvature and axial length were significantly better than those before wear (P <0.05). The growth rate of the axial axis of patients in the half-annual cycle decreased significantly, and the increase of axial axis also showed a decreasing trend. The difference between the increase of axial axis in the half year, 1 year, 1.5 years and 2 years after wearing the mirror was not significant (P> 0.05). In addition, corneal curvature in all patients in the study decreased after lens wear, and there was significant differences in corneal curvature between the axial and curvature groups (P <0.05). At the same time, the axial growth was significantly higher than that in the curvature and mixed groups (P <0.05).
Conclusion: There is a close correlation between corneal curvature and the effectiveness of OK lens treatment. Compared to children with flat corneal curvature, OK lens has a more ideal effect on controlling the axial length of the eyes in children with steep corneal curvature, but has less impact on naked eye vision.
Reduced protein levels in latex gloves: key to lowering sensitization risks among health workers; a cross-sectional analytical study
Authors: Ngamchokwathana Chatpong , Chaiear Naesinee , Sakdapipanich Jitladda , Dechyotin Sumalai , Sripra Somsamai , Khajornpipat Prapassorn
Published: April 2024

Background
Health workers frequently rely on latex gloves as personal protective equipment protects against biological hazards. However, the use of latex gloves has also given rise to a noteworthy occupational health concern—latex allergy. This issue is particularly associated with powdered, protein, and allergen levels in latex gloves. Recent advancements in latex glove manufacturing have led to reduced levels of extractable proteins, a known factor triggering allergic reactions. This study aimed to compare latex sensitization between nursing staff using low-protein and high-protein latex gloves at a tertiary university hospital in Thailand.
Methods
A cross-sectional analytical design was employed, categorizing participants into two groups based on glove exposure. 1) the low protein group consisted of participants who were only exposed to non-powdered latex gloves with extractable protein levels below 50 µg/g (< 9.9–36.7 µg/g), while 2) the high protein group comprised individuals who were exposed to powdered latex gloves with extractable protein levels above 50 µg/g (53.0–56.9 µg/g). The sample size comprised 163 individuals in the low protein group and 318 in the high protein group (1:2). Latex allergy symptoms and sensitization were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire and latex-specific IgE measurement (ImmunoCAP). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results
Demographic data was mostly similar in both exposure groups except for age. No significant differences in latex sensitization between the low and high protein groups were found via latex-specific IgE measurement (crude OR 1.90, 95% CI 0.5 to 7.18), potentially attributed to lower extractable protein levels in powdered latex gloves compared to previous studies. In contrast, the low protein group exhibited significantly fewer current latex allergy symptoms in both bivariate (crude OR 0.24; 95%CI 0.06 to 0.74) and multiple variable analysis (adjusted OR 0.18; 95%CI 0.04 to 0.86).
Conclusions
This study underscores the importance of using non-powdered and low-protein latex gloves to reduce latex allergy symptoms while emphasizing the need for further investigation into the relationship between extractable protein levels in addition to the attempt of the major allergen removal and latex sensitization amid evolving glove manufacturing practices.
Electrical conductivity of ZrCl4 solutions in the molten LiCl-KCl eutectic
Authors: Salyulev Alexander B. , Potapov Alexei M.
Published: April 2024

The electrical conductivity of (LiCl-KCl)eut.– ZrCl4 molten mixtures has been studied as a function of the ZrCl4 concentrations (0–30 mol. %) at the temperature ranging from 764 to 1075 K and gradual zirconium tetrachloride concentration growth of ~ 5 mol. %. For these measurements a conductometric cell of an original construction has been used. The electrical conductivity of the formed mixtures was found to range from 0.9 to 2.8 S/cm. The temperature elevation resulted in the increase in electrical conductivity, whereas the increased ZrCl4 concentration resulted in the decrease in the melt electrical conductivity. The newly determined results on the electrical conductivity have been compared with those previously obtained for other zirconium-containing molten systems and discussed considering the available data on the structure of such melts. The liquidus line has been first constructed for the (LiCl-KCl)eut. – ZrCl4 quasi-binary system at the zirconium tetrachloride concentrations reaching 30 mol. %.
Code Change and Smell Techniques for Regression Test Selection
Authors: Mori Allan , Paiva Ana C. R. , Souza Simone R. S.
Published: April 2024

Regression testing is a selective retesting of a system or component to verify that modifications have not induced unintended effects and that the system or component maintains compliance with the specified requirements. However, it can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, especially for large systems. Regression testing selection techniques can help address this issue by selecting a subset of test cases to run. The Change Based technique selects a subset of the existing test cases and executes modified classes. Besides effectively reducing the test suite, this technique may reduce the capability of revealing faults. From this perspective, code smells are known to identify poor design and software quality issues. Some works have explored the association between smells and faults with some promising results. Inspired by these results, we propose combining code change and smell to select regression tests and present eight techniques. Additionally, we developed the Regression Testing Selection Tool (RTST) to automate the selection process using these techniques. We empirically evaluated the approach in Defects4J projects by comparing the techniques' effectiveness with the Change Based and Class Firewall as a baseline. The results show that the Change and Smell Intersection Based technique achieves the highest reduction rate in the test suite size but with less class coverage. On the other hand, Change and Smell Firewall technique achieves the lowest test suite size reduction with the highest fault detection effectiveness test cases, suggesting the combination of smells and changed classes can potentially find more bugs. The Smell Based technique provides a comparable class coverage to the code change and smell approach. Our findings indicate opportunities for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of regression testing and highlight that software quality should be a concern throughout the software evolution.
Correlation between retinal sensitivity and foveal microstructure after successful surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Zhang Yanzhen , Wu Hailong , Hao Jianchen , Gu Xiaopeng , Zhang Yadi , zhang shijie
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To observe the correlation between retinal sensitivity, as measured by microperimetry, and foveal microstructure abnormalities in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after successful surgery.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, patients with primary unilateral RRD with retinal attachment more than three months after surgery were enrolled. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to observe changes in foveal microstructure. Mean retinal sensitivity (MS) and fixation stability were measured using microperimetry, and the correlation between MS and foveal microstructure abnormalities was analyzed.
Results
Thirty patients with RRD were included in this study (8 females and 22 males). Analysis of the foveal microstructure by SD-OCT revealed the formation of epiretinal membranes (ERMs) in 21 RRD eyes with RRD (70%), disruption of the external limiting membrane (ELM) in 10 RRD eyes (33%), disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) in 9 RRD eyes (30%), and changes in the continuity of the interdigitation zone (IZ) in 18 RRD eyes with RRD (60%). The mean retinal sensitivity of the RRD eyes was significantly lower than that of the healthy fellow eyes (25.74 ± 1.60 vs. 27.86 ± 1.83 dB; p>0.01), and there was no significant difference in fixation stability between the eyes (p>0.05). There was a significant correlation between MS and disruption of the ELM (coefficient = −0.37, p = 0.04) and EZ (coefficient −0.39, p = 0.04).
Conclusions
The mean retinal sensitivity decreased in RRD patients with RRD after successful surgery, but the fixation stability was not abnormal. The decline in MS correlated with the disruption of ELM and EZ.
Beyond the stress response: absence of RelA protein hampers the cell wall structuring and cell size in Liquorilactobacillus vini
Authors: Santos Dayane da Silva , Mendonça Allyson Andrade , Zúñiga Manoel , de Morais Marcos Antonio , Elsztein Carolina
Published: April 2024

The role of (p)ppGpp alarmone produced by RelA protein is well documented as a response to stress and nutritional deficiency in bacteria. However, little information is reported for Lactobacillus sensu lato, including the remaining species of old genus Lactobacillus and the derived species recently allocated in new genera. The present study aimed to characterize for the first time the effect of the inactivation of relA in a representative of the Liquorilactobacillus genus. Results obtained have revealed an unexpected role of RelA protein on the cell wall homeostasis and cell size. L.vini ΔrelA showed low growth and increased cell size, related to overexpression of genes responsible for DNA transcription and repair and down-expression of the fusA gene. The low growth also resulted in the loss of the flagellum in ΔrelA, which may also be associated with the fragility of the cell wall, ease of lysis and resistance to beta-lactams of the ΔrelA mutant. Cell wall homeostasis was deregulated mainly by the down-expression of the gene encoding alanine ligase and murB, which may have triggered the overexpression of the genes encoding PBPs proteins. Growth data suggest that the absence of the RelA protein promoted a disconnection between the cell cycle and cell division in L. vini, and a consequent reduction in the growth rate of the culture, cell wall fragility and beta-lactam resistance, expanding the RelA function in Liquorilactobacillus beyond the stringent response.
Relationship between sustainable development indicators and SMEs’ development indicators: Evidence from the EU countries
Authors: Kovalov Bohdan
Published: April 2024

This study aims to identify whether achieving sustainable development goals influences SMEs’ development and assess its degree. The dataset on SMEs’ development indicators and SDGs 2, 8, 9, 12, and 13 for the panel of EU-27 countries in 2011–2020 was collected using Eurostat and OECD datasets. Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian multiplier test for pooled OLS/panel data random effects and Hausman test for fixed/random effects were utilized. The results were in favor of random effect GLS regression for SDG2 models, SDG9 models, and SDG12-13 (Model 1) and fixed effect GLS regression for SDG8 models and SDG12-13 (Model 2), respectively. Based on bibliometric analyses using VOSViewer 14 and a comprehensive literature review, 19 independent variables have been selected from the “Sustainable development indicators” catalog covering five sustainable development goals; SMEs’ turnover and SMEs’ employees employed are used as the dependent variables to reflect SMEs’ development. The empirical evidence suggests a significant relationship between individual sustainable development and SMEs’ development indicators. It was found that all seven sustainable development indicators of SDG 2 (Zero hunger) and SDG 12 (Responsible consumption and production) have a significant relationship with the indicators of SMEs’ development. Instead, only a part (8 out of 13) of the sustainable development indicators of SDG 8 (Decent work and economic growth), SDG 9 (Industry, innovation and infrastructure), and SDG 13 (Climate action) have a significant relationship with two or one of the SMEs’ development indicators. Therefore, achieving sustainability goals stimulates the development of SMEs itself.
AcknowledgmentThis study is supported by the British Academy’s Researchers at Risk Fellowships Program (Award Reference: RaR\100673).
O currículo no ciclo básico de alfabetização: (Re)apropriações da cultura escolar
Authors: Da Silva Aureci Santos Torres , Rossi Edneia Regina
Published: April 2024

O artigo é parte da pesquisa de doutorado que analisa a implantação do CBA – Ciclo Básico de Alfabetização (1980 e 1990). Apresenta a trajetória e a análise das reações e (re)apropriações da cultura escolar, diante da proposta curricular adotada. A metodologia foi a da pesquisa qualitativa, com levantamento de dados por meio de entrevistas orais semiestruturadas e análise documental. Na fase de tratamento e análise, utilizamos os recursos operacionais do software Atlas.ti 9 – Qualitative Data Analysis (2021), orientado e associado pela Análise de Conteúdo categorial temática, proposta por Bardin (1977). A sistematização dos dados em categorias possibilitou a análise do CBA nas práticas pedagógicas e na organização do currículo. As conclusões consideram que as reformas educacionais que propuseram mudanças curriculares são submetidas à cultura escolar, com suas formas específicas, e são dependentes das reações dos sujeitos dessa cultura. As concepções docentes impactaram a organização curricular, mantendo o distanciamento entre o plano de reforma e a sua implementação. Sob tensões e conflitos, as alfabetizadoras se utilizaram de táticas e de bricolagem, (re)apropriaram-se das normas curriculares e as organizaram, na prática, com relativa autonomia e amparo na tradição existente.
Contribuições formativas para professores de ciências/química: Diálogos entre metacognição e ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem
Authors: Souza Kassio de Jesus , Francisco Welington
Published: April 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as possíveis contribuições formativas para professores de Ciências/Química que participaram de um curso on-line de formação continuada sobre Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem. Para isso, buscou-se estabelecer relações entre um modelo metacognitivo e um modelo de conhecimentos docentes como estruturação teórico-metodológica de formação docente. Adotou-se a pesquisa-ação como método de pesquisa, contando com a participação de 20 professores da rede estadual de educação do Tocantins. A produção dos dados foi obtida a partir da gravação dos encontros, seguida de transcrição das falas para analisar os elementos metacognitivos e afetivos desenvolvidos durante o curso. Os resultados, relacionados ao primeiro encontro do curso, mostram que os professores possuem conhecimentos metacognitivos no nível Pessoa sobre recursos tecnológicos, além de desenvolverem experiências metacognitivas sobre o assunto. Contudo, poucos professores avançaram na apropriação de habilidades metacognitivas no nível Tarefa x Pessoa até o final do encontro, o que poderia levar a apropriação de novos conhecimentos. Diante disso, entende-se, que embora o curso de formação contribuiu para a tomada de consciência dos próprios conhecimentos sobre o uso de recursos digitais, é preciso atingir o desenvolvimento de habilidades metacognitivas para a produção de mais conhecimentos tecnológicos pedagógicos de conteúdo.