bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Read Dostoevsky…
Authors: Кулибина Н.В.
Published: January 2022

В статье описаны основные положения авторской методики обу-чения чтению художественной литературы, а также представлен новый проект Института Пушкина – мультимедийный комплекс по обучению чтению художественной литературы «Достоевский на интерактивном уроке чтения», создаваемый при финансовой поддержке фонда «Русский мир».

The article describes the main provisions of the author's methodology for teaching reading fiction, and also presents a new project of the Pushkin Institute Multimedia complex for teaching reading fiction «Dostoevsky in an interactive reading lesson», created with the financial support of the Russian World Foundation.
Suspended Affixation needs no morphological word: The suffix -(y)Ip
Authors: Atmaca Furkan
Published: January 2022

I re-evaluate the morphological word constraint for suspended affixation(SA) in Turkish (Kabak 2007). I argue that SA, as an operation, is not bound by the morphological word constraint. What is constrained is the exponent insertion and SA takes place before it. SA is a morphological ellipsis taking place in conjunctions. After suspension, conjunction peripheral affixes are interpreted for all the conjuncts. The morphological word constraint in Turkish is related to SA in verbals, and it defines the limit of suspendability for an affix. This limit is defined by Kabak to be the morphological word. What is left of the conjunct after suspension should be a morphological word, otherwise the derivation is ungrammatical. To show that this is not the case, I propose a different analysis for the suffix -(y)Ip and provide empirical points for its relation to SA.
Exclusive Free Choice in Turkish
Authors: Bayırlı İsa Kerem
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we will be concerned with a type of interpretation associated with ya…ya… disjunction in Turkish where the Free-Choice inference is obligatorily accompanied with the Prohibition inference. We claim that such a reading arises as a consequence of the fact that each disjunct inside ya…ya… disjunction is parsed with only (overt or covert). We show that the scalar nature of only, which we model as a restriction on alternatives, is crucial in accounting for the exclusive Free-Choice readings. We finally discuss some differences between only and the Exh operator
Hypothetical Comparison in Turkish
Authors: Türk Utku , Demirok Ömer
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present a preliminary investigation of the complex formative -mışcasına in Turkish, used for hypothetical comparison. We observe that -mışcasına differs from its counterparts in previously studied hypothetical comparison constructions in one key aspect: It can naturally target non-eventive nominal predicates. Furthermore, we find that -mışcasına is primarily licensed in linguistic contexts that make a gradable property available. Building on these initial empirical observations, we flesh out a novel account of hypothetical comparison that makes use of a well-established formalism of degree semantics and semantics of equatives, eschewing the intricate notion of event similarity which is central to previous accounts. In particular, we argue that -mışcasına compares an actual degree against hypothetical degrees, asserting that the actual degree is greater than or equal to any of the hypothetical degrees.
High vowel weakening in Turkish
Authors: Sarmış Elif Esra , Canalis Stefano
Published: January 2022

High vowel weakening is a common phenomenon that usually depends on purely phonetic factors. This study aims to present the findings of an experiment we have conducted on a total of 14 native speakers to see if Turkish has high vowel weakening and if yes, to figure out whether it is phonological or phonetic. Our data show a large amount of variation and little correlation between a vowel’s F1 and its duration within the high ([+high], /i, u, y, ɯ/) and non-high ([-high], /a, e, o, ø/) categories in all environments (stressed and unstressed, in open and closed syllables, in all consonantal environments). On the other hand, comparing the duration of [+high] and [-high] vowels reveals that non-high vowels are rarely as short as, or shorter than, high vowels. However, this shortening process is not a purely phonetic phenomenon. What matters for this process to apply is the phonological category of the vowel. All [+high] vowels are shortened, largely irrespective of variation in their F1; conversely, [-high] vowels are not shortened, largely irrespective of variation in their F1.
Turkic Instrumental Case Marker in Tātic Language Group
Authors: Rasekh-Mahand Mohammad , Izadifar Raheleh
Published: January 2022

This paper studies the morphological influence of language contact between Turkic and Tātic language group in Northwest Iran. The postposition under study is the Turkic –inan and how it has entered the morphological system of some Tāti dialects of Iran. In particular, it is shown which Tāti dialects are influenced in this regard and why. The data for this study were collected from interviews with native Tāti and Turkic speakers in Iran and also from descriptive grammars and Tāti-Farsi dictionaries. We have used Narrog's (2010) instrumental semantic map to see which semantic functions are fulfilled with the instrumental-related postposition or case marker in both Tāti and Turkic dialects of Iran and whether they are the same or different in these languages.
Figure and ground reflexives in Turkish
Authors: Key Greg
Published: January 2022

After controlling for phonologically conditioned homophony, it is shown that Turkish has two distinct suffixes marking verbal reflexives that have distinct syntactico-semantic properties: -Il is syncretic with the passive and anticausative, and derives intransitive figure reflexives (Wood 2014); -In is not syncretic with the passive and anticausative, and derives ground reflexives, some of which have transitive uses. Goal phrases are compatible with some ground reflexives, as the reduced argument is not the location as a whole, but the DP at the bottom of an articulated locational structure (Svenonius 2006, 2008).
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR DEATH PENALTY CONVICTS WHO ARE NOT EXECUTED IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE PERMANENT LEGAL FORCE
Authors: Muhammad Abdul , Djatmika Prija , Puspitawati Dhiana , Aprilianda Nurini
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this research is to determine the concept of legal protection for death penalty convicts who are not executed immediately after permanent legal force in the future. This research is a normative legal research with the approach of Law, History, Comparison, Philosophy and Cases. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary with analytical techniques using perspective analysis. The results of this research indicate that at the Judicial Review stage, the Criminal Code Procedure must set a time limit for submitting a judicial review application since the decision has permanent legal force (inkracht van gewijsde). The execution of the judge’s decision that imposes the death penalty on the convict who submits the application for judicial review and clemency must be strictly regulated.
ACTIVE POLICIES AT THE EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Dimitrova Mariana
Published: January 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has shown European economies that they need a clear plan for the future with a focus on labour market needs. The crisis has significantly affected certain groups of the population and employers in specific types of sectors. The existence of a flexible system of active employment policies and the possibility for the implementation of innovative projects and measures is a prerequisite for successful assistance to the most affected persons and enterprises. The paper presents good practices and successful approaches in the pandemic situation, examines innovations of public employment services and programs for active support of employed and unemployed people in the EU.
A Lesson Unlearned
Authors: Kostenko Yurii
Published: January 2022

The article describes the preconditions and consequences of the Yalta meeting on confidence-building measures between the Georgian and Abkhaz parties. Assistance in its organisation as well as participation in the work of the Group of Friends of the UN Secretary-General on Georgia were of great importance for Ukraine’s international image. Ukrainian diplomats have come a long way in convincing UN members of the need and usefulness of Ukraine’s involvement in the Geneva process and in proving to the Abkhaz side that, despite the high level of partnership between Ukraine and Georgia, Ukraine is impartial in the conflict resolution process. Although the admission of our country to the Group of Friends of the UN Secretary-General on Georgia was not achieved immediately, one of the key roles of Ukraine in holding the Yalta meeting cannot be denied, as the fruits of Ukraine’s work and our state’s constructive position in resolving conflicts in the territory of the former Soviet Union, particularly in Transnistria, have already been confirmed by the international community.
This paper highlights the mechanisms of disguising the hegemonic policy of the Russian Federation, which imposes its ‘peacekeeping’ participation in the settlement of armed conflicts in strategically important regions of the post-Soviet space. The article also mentions the importance of recognising the parties to the conflict and how the status of a ‘non-participant in the conflict’ is used by the Russian Federation for its own purposes to promote the policy of regional domination by means of military-strategic and economic potential. Conclusions are made on the geopolitical processes in the territory of the former USSR.
Keywords: history of Ukrainian diplomacy, Group of Friends of the UN Secretary-General on Georgia, Georgian-Abkhaz conflict, peacekeeping activities.
“GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID AS A BIOMARKER OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE”- A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: M Indumathi , R Shanmuga Priya , Sudarsan Sabitha , U Arun Mozhi , R Kadhiresan
Published: January 2022

Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases in the world. Periodontitis when diagnosed early have the better prognosis for the individual to save the tooth. Diagnostic markers are useful to indicate the presence of a disease process before excessive clinical damage occurs. One such main source of biomarker is gingival crevicular fluid. This review article deals with Gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) as a source of biomarkers for periodontal disease progression and severity which helps in diagnosis and prognosis in the field of Periodontology and also details about available various chairside diagnostic kits for the biomarkers. KEYWORDS: Biomarkers, Gingival crevicular Fluid, Periodontal Disease
Panel Data Modeling for Indian Food Grain Production
Authors:   Department of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli – 627012, Tamil Nadu State, India, A Rajarathinam , S.S Suba ,   Department of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli – 627012, Tamil Nadu State, India
Published: January 2022

The present investigation was carried out to study the food grain production trends in selected states of India for the period 2001-02 to 2020-2021. In this study a panel data regression model is used to combat the complicated relations and strong auto-correlation present in the crop production time series data. Panel data modelling control the heterogeneity of cross-sectional units over time. The results reveal that between state-to-state food grain production is highly significant, the highest food grain production was registered in Uttar Pradesh, followed by Punjab and Madhya Pradesh. Very lowest was registered in Kerala and Himachal Pradesh. Levin, Lin & Chu t statistics values are found to be significant indicating that the variable under study is stationary at level and hence the variable under study is I(0).Among the three different models viz., constant coefficient model, fixed effect model and random effect model, the fixed effect model was selected as an appropriate trend model as per the Hausman test. Based on the statistical significance of the estimated coefficients and the substantial increase in the R2 value to 95%, the fixed effect model or the least-square dummy variable regression model performs better than the panel least square regression model. The Hausman test confirms the selection of fixed effect over the random effect model. The fixed effects are positive in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Chhattisgrah, Bihar, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. Negative fixed effects are observed in Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Increases in food grain production have been observed
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial studies of N-cyclohexyl acrylamide and 7-methacryloyloxy-4-methyl coumarin copolymers
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Thiru. A.Govindasamy Govt.Arts College, Affiliated to Thiruvalluvar University, Tindivanum,-604307, TamilNadu, India, Anbarasan S , Chitra R ,   Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak College, Affiliated to University of Madras,  Chennai -600 042, Tamil Nadu, India., Kayalvizhy E ,   Department of Chemistry, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore-641004,  Affiliated to Bharathiar University, India., Pazhanisamy P ,   Department of Chemistry, Sir Theagaraya College, Affiliated to University of Madras,  Chennai-600 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2022

A series of copolymers of N-cyclohexylacrylamide (NCA) and 7-methacryloyloxy-4-methyl coumarin (MACU) were prepared by free radical polymerization using AIBN as initiator in DMF. The copolymer compositions were determined by 1HNMR analysis. The reactivity ratios were determined by linear methods like Finemann-Ross and Kelen-Tudos methods. The value of r1 is less than r 2. So MACU is found to have higher reactivity than NCA. Mean sequence lengths of copolymers were calculated from r1 and r2 values. The product of r1. r2 = 1.1, which is greater than 1 indicates that the copolymers are at random distribution of monomeric unit in the copolymer chain. Thermal studies indicates that the Tg values are higher than the homopolymers of NCA. Antimicrobial studies showed that the copolymers are active against both Bacteria and fungi. However, these copolymers showed excellent antibacterial activity
Article 282 and Centrally Sponsored Schemes: Implications on Fiscal Federalism in India
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Symbiosis Law School, Pune Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Dwivedi Richa , Shrivastava Abhinav
Published: January 2022

India is a quasi-federal country which implies that on one hand when the States require autonomy and flexibility in working, on other hand it also required an interdependence between the Centre and the state, thereby giving birth to the idea of cooperative federalism. The constitution of India has clearly given a framework demarcating the power, functions and responsibilities of each level of government and there are a few provisions which aim at cooperative federalism. Article 282 of the Indian Constitution is one such provision which empowers both the Centre as well as the State to provide grants for public purpose. The paper seeks to examine the issues and challenges faced by the fiscal federalism in India. The paper also delves into the constitutional provision to understand and identify the use of Article 282. The current debate with respect to the state autonomy in matters of finances and prioritizing the need of the states compel the analysis of Article 282 with reference to the Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS). The paper thus aims to give a comprehensive analysis of Article 282 and its use and implications on fiscal federalism in India.
Semantic Segmentation of Aerial Images Using U-Net Architecture
Authors: Hussein Sarah , Ali Khawla
Published: January 2022

Arial images are very high resolution. The automation for map generation and semantic segmentation of aerial images are challenging problems in semantic segmentation. The semantic segmentation process does not give us precise details of the remote sensing images due to the low resolution of the aerial images. Hence, we propose an algorithm U-Net Architecture to solve this problem. It is classified into two paths. The compression path (also called: the encoder) is the first path and is used to capture the image’s context. The encoder is just a convolutional and maximal pooling layer stack. The symmetric expanding path (also called: the decoder) is the second path, which is used to enable exact localization by transposed convolutions. This task is commonly referred to as dense prediction, which is completely connected to each other and also with the former neurons which gives rise to dense layers. Thus it is an end-to-end fully convolutional network (FCN), i.e. it only contains convolutional layers and does not contain any dense layer because of which it can accept images of any size. The performance of the model will be evaluated by improving the image using the proposed method U-NET and obtaining an improved image by measuring the accuracy compared with the value of accuracy with previous methods.
Analysis Of the Effect of Flow Rate and Speed on Four Blade Tubular Water Bulb-Turbine Efficiency Using Numerical Flow Simulation
Authors: Febri Budi Darsono  , Rahmad Doni Widodo  , Rusiyanto  , Akhmad Nurdin
Published: January 2022

At the smallest scale, hydropower or pico-hydro can be produced by utilizing water flow at the piping system. This paper discusses about the performance of a water bulb-turbine in a water piping water system using the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) method. This study aims to analyze the effect of flow rate and speed on the efficiency of water bulb-turbine using Solidworks Flow Simulation 2016. The propeller turbine design used in this study has 4 blades and a blade angle of 200, and the static bulb using with a ratio of 0.6 to the pipe diameter. The parameter in flow rate applied in this study is between 7 and 13 L/s and for speed parameter between 100 and 1700 rpm. The final result of this study indicates that the efficiency of the water bulb-turbine is a directly proportional increase of flow rate and the highest efficiency reaches at flow rate 13 L/s and 1300 rpm.
Improvement of Biocoal Quality from Empty Oil Palm Fruit Bunches by Using Peat Water to Reducing Potassium Content and Torrefaction at 300°C to Increasing Heating Value
Authors: Awaludin Martin  , P. S. Utama  , Y. R. Ginting  , N. Khotimah
Published: January 2022

Consumption of fossil energy continues to increase and therefore fossil energy reserves are decreasing, thus the switchover of using fossil energy into new and renewable energy is necessary. Biomass especially from oil palm empty fruit bunches is one of potential resource as new and renewable energy that can mixture with coal as fuel for power plant. However, biomass from oil palm empty fruit bunches has several weaknesses as fuel; it is containing of high potassium content and low heating value. Potassium content will react with oxygen and resulting potassium oxide (K2O) in the furnace of boiler and it can cause the fouling and slagging at the tubes and walls of boiler. Washing with flowing peat water is one of method that used to reduce potassium content in empty oil palm fruit bunches and torrefaction at 300C is a method is use to increase the heating value of biomass from empty oil palm fruit bunches. This research resulted the potassium, potassium oxide content is 5% and 3.7% respectively by flowing peat water at 5 lpm for 60 minutes, and the heating value of biomass by torrefaction process at 300C for 30 minute was obtain at 28742.17 kJ/kg.
Double Stratified MHD Stagnation Point Slip Flow Over a Permeable Shrinking/Stretching Surface in A Porous Medium
Authors: Nurliyana Syamira Rozeli  , Ahmad Nazri Mohd Som  , Norihan Md Arifin  , Fadzilah Md Ali  , Aniza Abd Ghani
Published: January 2022

The intention of this article is to investigate the impact of slip of MHD stagnation point flow over a permeable shrinking/stretching sheet with double stratification in a porous medium. Employing the appropriate similarity transformations and non-dimensional variables, the governing partial differential equations were reduced into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. These equations were solved using shooting method and influence of pertinent variables on velocity, temperature and concentration are computed and analyzed. It was found that the slips have the propensity to control boundary layer flow and as the velocity slip increases, the momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layer thickness become thinner for velocity slip. Therefore, velocity slip acts as a boost for enhancement of the velocity profile in the boundary layer region, whereas temperature and concentration profiles decelerate with the velocity slip. It is also shown that the skin friction coefficient has decreased as the values of velocity slip increase while the It was found that the slips have the propensity to control boundary layer flow and as the velocity slip increases, the momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layer thickness become thinner for velocity slip. Therefore, velocity slip acts as a boost for enhancement of the velocity profile in the boundary layer region, whereas temperature and concentration profiles decelerate with the velocity slip. It is also shown that the skin friction coefficient has decreased as the values of velocity slip increase while the local Nusselt number and the local Sherwood number are increasing. A comparison with previous studies available in the literature has been done and found an excellent agreement by comparing the numerical results in two decimal places which supports the validity of the present analysis.
A Tale of Three Dust Populations: Variable R
V
and Extreme Polarization along Sight Lines toward ζ Ophiuchi
Authors: Piccone Ashley N. , Kobulnicky Henry A.
Published: January 2022

Dust permeates the interstellar medium, reddening and polarizing background starlight, but dust properties vary with local environment. In order to characterize dust in a highly irradiated diffuse cloud, we measure the reddening and optical polarization toward 27 stars surrounding the midlatitude b = +24° O9.2IV star ζ Ophiuchi, using new optical spectroscopy and polarimetry. We incrementally deredden and depolarize with distance, allowing us to distinguish dust components along these sight lines. The data indicate three distinct dust populations: a foreground component characteristic of average Milky Way dust (R

V
≈ 3.1, d ≲ 180 pc), a highly polarizing mid-distance component in the vicinity of ζ Oph (R

V
≈ 2.4, 200 pc < d < 300 pc), and a nonpolarizing distant component (R

V
≈ 3.6, 600 pc < d < 2000 pc). Prominent 8 μm infrared striations spanning the field of view likely have high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content and are illuminated by ζ Oph. Foreground-subtracted polarizations roughly align with these striations, which, we argue, lie immediately behind ζ Oph and constitute the highly polarizing mid-distance dust. This component polarizes very efficiently (P

V
> 9.1E(B − V)), implying a high degree of grain alignment and suggesting that the bulk of the polarization occurs in a small fraction of the volume. The large R

V
in the distant component reveals that dust above the Galactic plane (z > 250 pc) may contain a greater fraction of large grains than the Milky Way average.
Failure Rate of Orthodontic Mini-screw after Insertion using 3D Printed Guide versus Conventional Free Hand Placement Technique: Split Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Aboshady Hadir , Abouelezz Amr Mohamed Aly , Aboul Fotouh Mai Hamdy , Elkordy Sherif Aly Mahmoud
Published: January 2022

AIM: The aim of the study is to assess the failure rate after mini-screw insertion using digital three-dimensional printed guide versus free hand placement technique through a well-designed split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

METHODS: Forty-two patients with mean age (22.56 ± 3.47 years) indicated for upper first premolars’ extraction (Bimaxillary protrusion and Class II division 1) were included in the study. Their maxillary quadrants were randomized to receive mini-screws as means of anchorage. Pre-operative maxillary cone-beam computed tomography scan with ultra-low-dose protocol was imaged and the maxillary arch was scanned using intra-oral scanner to obtain stereo-lithographic format file for the maxillary arch. Using in vivo and Rapidform Geomagic Studio® _Softwares the mini-screws were planned to be inserted in the buccal inter-radicular space between the upper second premolar and first molar in both right and left sides. For the intervention sides; digital three-dimensional guides were designed and printed for mini-screw insertion. Failure of the mini-screws was assessed till 3 months of loading.

RESULTS: There was no statistical significant difference in failure rate of mini-screws in both intervention (7.14%) and control sides (16.6%), with weak and moderate correlation between the root proximity and the mini-screws failure in intervention and control groups respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Using a digital three-dimensional printed guide for mini-screw insertion had no effect on the failure rate of the inserted mini-screws.

REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03653078.
Expression of Receptor Activator of Nuclear – Kappa β Ligand in Patients with Metastatic Bone Disease
Authors: Magetsari Rahadyan , Dwianingsih Ery Kus , Budhiparama Nicolaas Cyrillus , Araneta Irene , Sakti Yudha M.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Bone metastasis is a complication that often occurs due to cancer in solid organs, and more often compared to primary bone tumors. Bone metastasis is associated with excessive osteolytic processes.

AIM: This study was conducted to reveal the correlation between Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor kβ Ligand (RANKL) expression, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) level in patients with bone metastatic lesions.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 15 subjects with bone metastatic lesions. The specimens were fresh bone tissues obtained by open biopsy. Expression of RANKL in mRNA level was detected quantitatively using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. LDH and NLR were analyzed from the peripheral blood analysis. The correlation of RANKL expression with LDH and NLR was statistically analyzed.

RESULTS: This study enrolled 15 subjects with bone metastasis disease based on the clinical, radiological, and histopathological results. The means of LDH, NLR, and RANKL expression were not significantly different. There was no significant association between the characteristics of metastatic lesion and RANKL expression. The correlation between LDH levels with RANKL expression was positive (p < 0.05), while the correlation between NLR and RANKL expression was negative (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: RANKL expression was positively correlated with LDH and negatively correlated with the NLR. Both LDH and NLR can be used as predictive factors of RANKL expression in bone metastasis.
Correlation of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio with Interleukin-10 in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Coronavirus Disease-19 Patients
Authors: Herawati Sianny , Kandarini Yenny , Mulyantari Ni Kadek , Prabawa Putu Yuda
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The enforcement of diagnosis and monitoring of therapy success in SARS-Cov-2 infection, which causes COVID-19 disease, necessitates laboratory tests that may assess and identify patients prior to developing critical circumstances requiring additional treatment. The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) testing are two laboratory procedures used.

AIM: This study aims to determine the correlation between NLR and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in diagnosing and monitoring COVID-19 patients.

METHODS: An observational analytic cross-sectional design enrolled about 73 COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study. The levels of NLR and IL-10 were assessed by Sysmex XS-800i Automated Hematology Analyzer and sandwich ELISA methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 for Windows.

RESULTS: A median of NLR values was 4.02 (1.24-47.89), following IL-10 concentration was 1.870 (0.110–33.368) pg/mL. There was a significant difference in NLR values between critical and non-critical categories (p = 0.000), geriatric and non-geriatric groups (p = 0.006), as well as in groups with comorbid and without comorbidities (p = 0.006). Meanwhile, a significant difference in IL-10 levels was only found between critical and non-critical categories (p = 0.000). There was a moderately significant positive correlation between NLR and IL-10 in COVID-19 patients (r = 0.411; p = 0.000).

CONCLUSION: There is a significant positive correlation between NLR values and IL-10 levels in COVID-19 patients.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Co-infection of Microsphaeropsis arundinis and Geotrichum candidum: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Afany Nurul Athirahwanti , Djawad Khairuddin
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a non-melanoma skin cancer is a malignant carcinoma with an increasing incidence. The diagnosis of SCC is mainly based on clinical features and an excisional biopsy with histologic confirmation should be performed on all clinically suspected lesions to determine the prognostic and management of SCC. The first-line treatment of SCC of the skin is complete surgical excision. Microsphaeropsis arundinis and Geotrichum candidum are types of fungi that can infect the skin.

CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 46-year-old female patient that was diagnosed with SCC based on clinical, dermoscopy, and histopathological features. In addition, M. arundinis and G. candidum were also found on culture examination, where these fungi are rarely found, especially in cases of SCC.

CONCLUSION: The patient underwent tumor excision and amputation.
Religiosity, Social Stigma, and Public Acceptance to People Living with HIV/AIDS among Citizens in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Wilandika Angga , Yusof Suzanna , Sari Diah Nur Indah
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Social stigma in the form of knowledge aspects, attitudes, or prejudices, and discriminatory behavior is a serious issue that affects people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the surrounding environment.

AIM: The study aimed to determine the correlation between religiosity with social stigma and public acceptance of people living with HIV/AIDS.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study applied a convenience sampling technique and involved 400 people. The subject is a citizen of the community domiciled in Bandung aged between 17 and 65 years. Instruments used included measurements of religiosity, social stigma, and public acceptance. All instruments used have been declared reliable. The data analysis used Spearman’s rank test and used frequency distribution or religiosity levels, social stigma, and public acceptance from the society.

RESULTS: This study revealed that the mean overall religiosity score among the study population was 38.4 ± 5.3 (score range: 15–75). Most people’s social stigma against HIV/AIDS was high (58.7%), with a score of 80.1 ± 24.0. In addition, most of the community was less accepting of the presence of people with HIV/AIDS amid their environment (54.7%) with a score of 35.1 ± 10.2. The results showed a positively correlation between religiosity with social stigma (r = 0.325, 95% CI, p < 0.05) and religiosity with public acceptance (r = 0.506, 95% CI, p < 0.05) of people with HV/AIDS.

CONCLUSIONS: Person’s level of religiosity determines a social stigma against people with HIV/AIDS, and then, this will determine acceptance of people with HIV/AIDS in the community. The data from this study can be used as basic information to develop strategies to reduce stigma by creating awareness and increasing community acceptance of people with HIV/AIDS.
Redelimitation of Heteroradulum (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) with H. australiense sp. nov.
Authors: Li Qian-Zhu , Liu Shi-Liang , Wang Xue-Wei , May Tom W. , Zhou Li-Wei
Published: January 2022

Auriculariales accommodates species with diverse basidiomes and hymenophores. From morphological and phylogenetic perspectives, we perform a taxonomic study on Heteroradulum, a recently validated genus within the Auriculariales. The genus Grammatus is merged into Heteroradulum, and thus its generic type G. labyrinthinus is combined with Heteroradulum and G. semis is reaccepted as a member of Heteroradulum. Heteroradulum australiense is newly described on the basis of three Australian specimens. Heteroradulum yunnanense is excluded from this genus and its taxonomic position at the generic level is considered uncertain. Accordingly, the circumscription of Heteroradulum is re-delimited and the concept of this genus is adjusted by including irpicoid to poroid hymenophores and a hyphal system with clamp connections or simple septa. A key to all nine accepted species of Heteroradulum is presented.
Potency of moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) leaves extract containing quercetin as a depigmentation agent inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme using in-silico and in-vitro assay
Authors: Laksmiani Ni Putu Linda , Widiantara I Wayan Agus , Pawarrangan Andrew Borneo Salian
Published: January 2022

Hyperpigmentation is a disorder of facial skin pigments due to an increase in the process of melanogenesis, which can cause a darkening of skin color. A flavonoid compound with potential as a skin-lightening agent is quercetin, commonly found in Moringa oleifera L. leaves. This study aims to determine quercetin’s affinity and molecular mechanism on tyrosinase enzyme target proteins using an in-silico molecular docking method. Docking of quercetin with the tyrosinase enzyme produced a bond energy value of -7.08 kcal/mol. In comparison, the tropolone as a native ligand with the tyrosinase enzyme produced -4.79 kcal/mol. Quercetin has a strong affinity for the tyrosinase enzyme, indicated by the bond energy results from docking. Quercetin extraction from Moringa oleifera L. leaves using three different extraction methods: maceration, soxhlation, and reflux were made. The chromatogram from the TLC-Densitometry method showed the identification result in maceration and soxhlation extract containing quercetin, while reflux extract did not contain quercetin. The highest quercetin was obtained in the maceration method with a level of 21.57% w/w, while the soxhlation received quercetin as much as 18.49% w/w. In-vitro tests were carried out using a spectrophotometric method using a comparison of kojic acid. The in-vitro test found that IC50 from kojic acid was 48.90 µg/mL and IC50 of the extract from moringa leaf maceration of 115.36 µg/mL. Based on this research, quercetin compounds in Moringa oleifera L. leaves from maceration can potentially be skin-lightening agents.
A new slippery frog (Amphibia, Conrauidae, Conraua Nieden, 1908) from the Fouta Djallon Highlands, west-central Guinea
Authors: Neira-Salamea Karla , Doumbia Joseph , Hillers Annika , Sandberger-Loua Laura , Kouamé N’Goran G. , Brede Christian , Schäfer Marvin , Blackburn David C. , Barej Michael F. , Rödel Mark-Oliver
Published: January 2022

We describe a new species of the genus Conraua from the Fouta Djallon Highlands in Guinea. The species is recognised as distinct from nominotypical C. alleni, based on morphological evidence and is supported by a recent species delimitation analysis, based on DNA sequence data. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the unique combination of the following characters: medium body size, robust limbs, only one instead of two palmar tubercles, the first finger webbed to below the first subarticular tubercle, presence of a lateral line system, indistinct tympanum, two subarticular tubercles on fingers III and IV, venter in adults white with dark brown spots or dark brown with grey or whitish spots. The new species differs from all congeners by more than 6% in the DNA sequence of mitochondrial ribosomal 16S. We discuss isolation in Pliocene and Pleistocene forest refugia as a potential driver of speciation in the C. alleni complex. We also emphasise the importance of conserving the remaining forest fragments in the Fouta Djallon Region for the preservation of both its unique biodiversity and its valuable water sources for local people.
Les écoles et leur réputation
Authors: Lejeune Christophe , Vas Alain
Published: January 2022

La recherche antérieure s’est peu intéressée à l’influence des organismes d’accréditation sur le changement identitaire des écoles de gestion. Cet article présente trois études de cas illustrant un changement identitaire radical au sein des écoles de commerce françaises engagées dans un processus d’accréditation. Nos résultats suggèrent trois dimensions identitaires composant le changement identitaire radical observé : l’académisme, l’internationalisation et la formalisation. Ces changements identitaires touchent à la fois les affirmations identitaires de ces écoles, mais également les compréhensions identitaires par ses membres, et ils entraînent des modifications profondes dans les relations qu’entretiennent les écoles étudiées avec leurs parties prenantes historiques. Nous discutons la manière dont l’espace concurrentiel créé par les classements nationaux en France a poussé les écoles étudiées vers des processus mimétiques d’accréditation. En répondant à une logique institutionnelle, les écoles étudiées ont alors radicalement modifié leur identité organisationnelle historique.
Impact de la Covid-19 sur l’emploi au Cameroun. Résultats d’une étude empirique
Authors: Biwolé Viviane Ondoua
Published: January 2022

L’objectif de la présente recherche est d’évaluer l’impact de la Covid-19 sur l’emploi formel et informel au Cameroun. Les données collectées auprès de 827 ménages et 160 entreprises de toutes les régions du pays, trois mois après le premier cas détecté, ont été analysées au moyen de l’analyse descriptive, du test du Chi 2 et des analyses logistiques. Réalisée au début de la pandémie, il ressort que même si elle n’a eu qu’une influence assez modeste sur le travail et les rémunérations, une partie des actifs, notamment ceux du secteur primaire et des services hors commerce, ont subi des pertes significatives ; les plus jeunes de moins de 35 ans et les hommes ont été plus touchés. Ces résultats contrastent avec les mesures gouvernementales, ce qui pourrait créer de nouvelles inégalités dues à leur inadéquation. Classification JEL : A10, D02, D04
Contrats de travail et salaires : une mise en évidence au Cameroun
Authors: Nkoumou Ngoa Gaston Brice
Published: January 2022

Cet article utilise les données de la deuxième enquête sur l’emploi et le secteur informel au Cameroun pour analyser les différentiels de salaires entre diverses formes contractuelles. En traitant le contrat de travail comme une variable endogène, cette étude estime les équations de salaires à partir d’une méthode du maximum de vraisemblance en information complète (MVIC), puis procède à la décomposition des logarithmes de salaires corrigés des effets de sélection. Les résultats montrent que les salariés engagés sous un contrat précaire ou un contrat non écrit enregistrent, respectivement, une décote salariale de 18,41 % ou 14,9 %. L’application des législations qui encadrent les relations de travail et la promotion du caractère écrit des accords entre employeurs et employés au Cameroun méritent d’être encouragées. Classification JEL : J31, J81, N37
Vers une civilisation du temps libre ?
Authors: Bourgatte Michaël
Published: January 2022

Soixante ans après la publication de son livre précurseur, Vers une civilisation du loisir ? , la société libératrice et émancipatrice imaginée par le sociologue reste à construire, selon Michaël Bourgatte .
Des clownes enfin visibles et délibérément subversives ?
Authors: Cézard Zed
Published: January 2022

Nourrie d’une enquête de terrain édifiante, Zed Cézard révèle l’invisibilité et le déni de légitimité qu’ont subis les clownes dans l’histoire de leur art, et leur volonté aujourd’hui de déconstruire les schémas sociaux des sociétés patriarcales et d’affirmer leur pratique subversive et politique.
Innovation managériale et performance organisationnelle des entreprises de service : cas des prestataires de service logistique (PSL) au Maroc
Authors: Barakat Ouafa , Bendou Abdelaziz , Abelhad Mohamed
Published: January 2022

Le présent article a pour objectif d’étudier l’impact de l’innovation managériale sur la performance organisationnelle des entreprises de service. Pour ce faire, une démarche méthodologique quantitative de nature confirmatoire est mobilisée. Cette dernière s’étend sur un échantillon de 100 prestataires de service logistique (PSL) au Maroc en faisant recours à une modélisation en équations structurelles à l’aide du logiciel Smart PLS 2.0 M3. Les résultats de l’analyse confirment l’impact positif et très significatif de l’innovation managériale sur le développement des compétences et sur la pérennité et l’efficience économique des PSL. Cependant, dans le cadre de cette recherche, il en ressort que l’innovation managériale n’a aucun impact sur la légitimité des PSL auprès de leurs groupes externes.
Le siècle allemand des réformes militaires ottomanes (1880-1960) :un exemple de transfert de savoirs militaires
Authors: Duguit Camille
Published: January 2022

À la fin du xix e  siècle, la Sublime Porte est marquée par la perte de ses provinces européennes et africaines. Les Ottomans sont tiraillés entre l’admiration qu’ils portent à l’Occident comme modèle stratégique, et leur haine à l’égard des Européens, conséquence des défaites que ces derniers ont infligées à la dignité impériale turque. Ces nombreuses pertes territoriales consécutives constituent des traumatismes fondateurs qui conduisent Constan­tinople à se repenser, à réviser sa stratégie et la seule lecture ottomane de l’histoire. Le choix d’un nouveau modèle à imiter se porte sur l’Empire allemand et sa culture nationale de la puissance militaire. Sous l’égide de « passeurs stratégiques » comme Colmar von der Golz, la conception prusso-allemande de la « nation armée » ( Das Volk in Waffen ) va déboucher sur un nouvel ordre (« Nizam ») structuré par le nationalisme turc.
Les interventions turques en Syrie depuis 2016. Une Kontrguerilla devenue l’outil de la sécurité extérieure de l’État
Authors: Tourret Vincent
Published: January 2022

La vision contre-subversive de Kontrgerilla pour l’armée turque, forgée dans la lutte contre-insurrectionnelle dans les régions kurdes de Turquie et du nord de l’Irak, est adoptée en 2016. Elle prend l’ascendant sur le format d’armée conventionnel otanienne désormais purgée de ses cadres. Elle remplace finalement la stratégie dissuasive envers la Syrie et la Grèce, en faveur de ce qui a été décrit comme «  la double guerre contre la terreur  », faite d’encadrement des populations et de conflits par procuration. S’interroger sur les interventions turques en Syrie revient à se confronter à une double problématique : d’une part la confrontation interétatique née de la formation des frontières nationales remontant à l’éclatement de l’empire ottoman et, d’autre part, l’adaptation de l’appareil militaire turc à la donne contre-insurrectionnelle.
Des guerres dynastiques aux guerres nationales : la remise en cause du droit classique de la guerre à la faveur de la tourmente révolutionnaire
Authors: Rigoulet-Roze David
Published: January 2022

La période révolutionnaire française va être à l’origine de transformations profondes dans le droit de la guerre « post-westhpalien », apanage exclusif de la souveraineté des Princes, lequel reposait sur le principe cardinal de la limitation des guerres et d’une paix de compromis et comportait par ailleurs des distinctions nettes entre guerre et paix ainsi qu’entre combat­tants et non-combattants, voire entre ennemi et criminel. Or, cette alternative tranchée se trouve remise en cause à l’issue des bouleversements révolution­naires, lorsque la notion d’État dynastique est reformulée comme État national et lorsque l’armée des Princes est amenée à se transformer, via la « levée en masse », en armée nationale avec l’émergence du « soldat-citoyen ». En défer­lant sur toute l’Europe continentale au début du xix e  siècle, l’armée napo­léonienne, comme héritière de cette mutation fondamentale, va se trouver être à la fois vecteur et victime de ce nouveau modèle générant de véritables « guerres des peuples », dont la guerilla espagnole contre la « Grande Armée » ne sera que le premier d’une longue suite d’avatars. Dans le prolongement de la défaite napoléonienne, le Congrès de Vienne de 1814-1815 apparaîtra comme une vaste entreprise – partiellement réussie – de « Restauration » au sens large, non seulement naturellement du principe de légitimité dynastique, mais aussi du droit de la guerre qui en était l’expression.
E-Learning in Geography: new perspectives in post-pandemic
Authors: Palmentieri Stefania ,   Department of Humanities. University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
Published: January 2022

Recent developments in low-cost information technology, fast internet, intelligent terminals, apps that can manage the most varied activities in a professional but simple way, have allowed their diffusion in sectors traditionally reluctant to rapid change. The pandemic crisis caused by Covid-19 and the consequent provisions of social distancing to curb its spread, have also forced the world of education to deal with this modality. Terms such as Distance Learning and Smart Working have forcefully entered the vocabulary and daily life of millions of people. The persistence of the pandemic due to the variants of the virus is convincing even the most reluctant to change that the new "normal" will have to rely on information technology to a greater extent than in the past. In much of the Western world, where culture has long been a thriving economic sector, much has been invested for decades to strengthen and disseminate distance learning activities recognized as economically and socially beneficial. The European institutions have moved in this direction more recently. The author's experience in the last two years in emergency remote education in geography at university level has not always been positive. He therefore felt the urgency to consider adopting existing standards and best practices in order to improve outcomes and achieve effective online geography learning. The evident advantages of adopting good quality e-learning for an extended community would facilitate understanding and acceptance even in the Italian school and academic environment, usually conservative and conformist. In this environment, up to now, many have in fact feared that it could lead to the endorsement of distance learning, viewed with contempt if not really with aversion as it is considered to be of poor quality.
Threshold dynamics of a time-periodic two-strain SIRS epidemic model with distributed delay
Authors: Guo Jinsheng ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu 734000, China, Wang Shuang-Ming ,   Key Laboratory of E-commerce Technology and Application of Gansu Province, School of Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a two-strain SIRS epidemic model with distributed delay and spatiotemporal heterogeneity is proposed and investigated. We first introduce the basic reproduction number $ R_0^i $ and the invasion number $ \hat{R}_0^i\; (i = 1, 2) $ for each strain $ i $. Then the threshold dynamics of the model is established in terms of $ R_0^i $ and $ \hat{R}_0^i $ by using the theory of chain transitive sets and persistence. It is shown that if $ \hat{R}_0^i > 1\; (i = 1, 2) $, then the disease in two strains is persist uniformly; if $ R_0^i > 1\geq R_0^j\; (i\neq j, i, j = 1, 2) $, then the disease in $ i $-th strain is uniformly persist, but the disease in $ j $-th strain will disappear; if $ R_0^i < 1 $ or $ R_0^i = 1\; (i = 1, 2) $ and $ \beta_i(x, t) > 0 $, then the disease in two strains will disappear.