bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural studies of human muscle FBPase
Authors: Barciszewski Jakub , Szpotkowski Kamil , Wisniewski Janusz , Kolodziejczyk Robert , Rakus Dariusz , Jaskolski Mariusz , Dzugaj Andrzej
Published: January 2021

Muscle fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), which catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F1,6BP) to fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) and inorganic phosphate, regulates glucose homeostasis by controlling the glyconeogenic pathway. FBPase requires divalent cations, such as Mg2+, Mn2+, or Zn2+, for its catalytic activity; however, calcium ions inhibit the muscle isoform of FBPase by interrupting the movement of the catalytic loop. It has been shown that residue E69 in this loop plays a key role in the sensitivity of muscle FBPase towards calcium ions. The study presented here is based on five crystal structures of wild-type human muscle FBPase and its E69Q mutant in complexes with the substrate and product of the enzymatic reaction, namely F1,6BP and F6P. The ligands are bound in the active site of the studied proteins in the same manner and have excellent definition in the electron density maps. In all studied crystals, the homotetrameric enzyme assumes the same cruciform quaternary structure, with the κ angle, which describes the orientation of the upper dimer with respect to the lower dimer, of –85o. This unusual quaternary arrangement of the subunits, characteristic of the R-state of muscle FBPase, is also observed in solution by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
THE EFFECT OF CLIMATIC SHIFTS ON BIODIVERSITY OF PHYTOCENOSIS: LAKE ARAKHLEY (EASTERN SIBERIA, RUSSIA)
Authors: Tsybekmitova G. Ts. , Radnaeva L. D. , Tashlykova N. A. , Shiretorova V. G. , Tulokhonov A. K. , Bazarova B. B. , Matveeva M. O.
Published: January 2021

Lake Arakhley is located within the Lake Baikal basin in Eastern Siberia, Russia. The area is characterized by continental subarctic climate with considerate diurnal temperature range, long cold dry winters and short hot summers with more precipitation occurring during the latter half of the summer. Climatic shifts in high water years and low water years result in morphometric changes in the lake and in the chemical and physical parameters of the ecosystem. During low water years, concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are decreased, whereas nitrate concentration increases. High water years feature average concentrations of ammonium ions 1.5–2 times higher than the values of recent dry years. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of abiotic factors and biotic community indicated that the community structure shows the greatest correlation with physical and chemical parameters of water and biogenic elements (nitrites, ammonium, phosphates) along the first axis, and with the lake depth and transparency along the second axis. Changes in abiotic factors induce functioning and formation of characteristic communities of the primary producers in the trophic structure of the ecosystem. During low water years, with increased level of autochthonous organic matter, Lindavia comta dominance is observed, while during high water years, with increased allochthonous organic matter Asterionella formosa appeared as dominant. Currently, during low water years, the hydrophytes community is monodominant and composed of Ceratophyllum demersum. Meanwhile, such species indicating eutrophic conditions as Myriophyllum sibiricum, Potamogeton pectinatus are found in the lake vegetation.
Relationship of ABO Blood Groups to SARS-COV-2 Infection Causing COVID-19 Disease
Authors: KİRİŞCİ Özlem , ÖZLÜK Suat , TOPALCA Ümmühan Su , DOĞRAMACI KÖPRÜLÜ Nazik
Published: January 2021

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether there is a predisposition to COVID-19 with ABO and Rh blood group systems.

Methods: The clinical data of 455 patients with COVID-19 seen between April 17, 2020, and June 30, 2020, at the Necip Fazıl City Hospital were retrospectively analyzed studied. The diﬀerences in the ABO blood group distribution between COVID-19 patients and the control group (7844 cases) were analyzed.

Results: The percentage of patients with type O blood in the COVID-19 group was signiﬁcantly lower than that in the control group (29.7% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.009). The percentage of patients with type A and B blood in the COVID-19 set was higher than in the control group however, there were no significant differences, respectively (44.4% vs. 40.8%, 19.3% vs.16.6%, p = 0.134, p=0.123). Patients with blood group O had a lower risk of COVID-19 than A, B blood group patients (respectively; OR = 0.732, OR=0.594, p = 0.023, p=0.001). The risk of COVID-19 was higher for patients with blood groups A and B than with a blood group 0 (OR = 1.365, OR= 1.684, p = 0.023, p=0.001). The Rh blood group phenotype was not statistically significant in determining a patient’s vulnerability.

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that while the blood group 0 had a low risk and decreased risk for infection with SARS-CoV-2, whereas blood group A and B were associated related with an increased risk, indicating that certain specific ABO blood groups were connected correlated with SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility.
Review on the role and recommendation for dietary fibers in Childhood constipation
Authors: Kesavelu Dr Dhanasekhar , Franklyn Dr Nithya
Published: January 2021

The plant material in the diet that is  resistant to enzymatic digestion is defined as “dietary fibre”. The primary ingredients that are classified as dietary fibres are cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substances, gums, mucilages and lignin etc. Dietary fibre naturally exist in foods that are consumed daily viz.,cereals, fruits, vegetables and nuts. The diets with high content of fibre have shown benefits in multiple areas and systems in maintaining a  mileu’-interior. Processing of foods leads to various changes in physical, chemical, enzymatic and thermal treatments, which may affect the composition of total fiber present in the diet.Fibres included in the diet leads to various changes in the qualitative aspects of the food that is processed. Favourable outcomes have been reported in various commodities such as cereals,bread,yoghurt and beverages. The importance and the uses of fibres in diet is an area of constant interest which needs to be explored further and our paper reviews and explains the relation between dietary fibres and their benefits, primarily in children [1]
Innovación educativa en Iberoamérica: estudio de casos de investigación
Authors: Boude Figueredo Óscar
Published: January 2021

El libro Innovación educativa en Iberoamérica: estudio de casos de investigación, de Óscar Boude Figueredo y Erika Jaillier, presenta un llamado a la comunidad de investigadores y docentes en tecnología educativa de Iberoamérica a transformar sus prácticas pedagógicas, pues de continuar así, tal y como lo presenta Oppenheimer en su texto Sálvese quien pueda, los docentes podrían llegar a ser reemplazados por robots. Bajo esta problemática, los autores muestran una alternativa de solución a la comunidad académica a través de la compilación de 14 casos de innovación educativa realizados en Iberoamérica, que pueden ser utilizados por los profesores e investigadores en tecnología educativa para identificar la ruta en pro de transformar sus prácticas pedagógicas en escenarios formativos que respondan a las dinámicas y necesidades de la sociedad digital.
Wyzwania dla badań włączających osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Doświadczenia własne
Authors: Kamecka-Antczak Celina , Szafrański Mateusz , Wos Klaudia
Published: January 2021

Rozdział dotyczy prezentacji doświadczeń związanych z prowadzeniem włączających (partycypacyjnych) badań naukowych w rzeczywistości polskiej szkoły specjalnej. Badania te lokowane są w oligofrenopedagogice – pedagogice osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Uwzględniając dotychczasowe doświadczenia badaczy, w rozdziale dokonano rozważań dotyczących miejsca osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w badaniach partycypacyjnych oraz wskazano bariery, które mogą występować podczas prowadzenia badań w tym paradygmacie. Do czynników determinujących te bariery należą m.in. kultura szkoły, poglądy kadry pedagogicznej, lokowanie badań dotyczących różnych obszarów funkcjonowania osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną na tle stereotypów kulturowych oraz występowanie badacza na określonym tle kulturowym.
Wchodzenie niepełnosprawnych absolwentów szkół wyższych na rynek pracy
Authors: Zakrzewska-Manterys Elżbieta
Published: January 2021

Artykuł dotyczy sytuacji zatrudnieniowej niepełnosprawnych absolwentów szkół wyższych. W części pierwszej przedstawiono sytuację niepełnosprawnych studentów, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli odgrywanej przez uczelniane biura ds. osób niepełnosprawnych (BO N). W części drugiej zanalizowano sytuację osób niepełnosprawnych na rynku pracy, pokazując aktualne trendy w tej dziedzinie. Część trzecia dotyczy sytuacji na rynku pracy niepełnosprawnych absolwentów szkół wyższych. W części tej przedstawiono realizowane w ostatnich latach programy aktywizujące. Na część czwartą składa się opis i interpretacja studium przypadku – losów niepełnosprawnej absolwentki poszukującej pracy.
Religious bigotry and military despotism in Olukorede S. Yishau’s In the Name of Our Father
Authors: Nureni Ibrahim
Published: January 2021

Although religious bigotry and military tyranny have been overtly delineated by the first and second generation novelists, especially the ones who witnessed the military maladministration in Nigeria, the contemporary Nigerian novelist also attempts to contribute and provide with more resources on the rights of the people and the liberty to be free from the imposition of religious and/or political doctrines that are socially constructed upon the people. In the Nigerian context, religious and political/military despotism are considered to go hand in hand since their ideologies formulate part of the hegemonic, determinist superstructures that push the masses to be at the corner of receiving end. Within Nigeria’s copious output of literature written in English, this paper, using Yishau’s debut novel In the Name of Our Father as a case study, attempts to develop a bird’s eye view of the religious and military issues in Nigerian society. Adopting the praxis of Marxist critical thinking, this paper acknowledges how the author, Yishau, allows his intellectual capacity in the form of a novel to direct his writing in relation to the religious bigotry and military despotism that spearheaded Nigerian society, most significantly in the military regime between 1966 and 1999. The outcome of this paper is that Yishau has accorded a pedigree for himself on the shore of Nigerian novels by leveraging critical attention to unfold the thematic precepts of religious bigotry and military despotism in his first literary, textual appearance.
 
Keywords: Religious bigotry, military despotism, Nigerian novel.
Human rights: The truth of numbers and the imperfection of reality
Authors: Guimarães Ana Paula , Rebelo Fernanda
Published: January 2021

Following the empirical study on the perception that law school students at the Portucalense University had about the respect for human rights, with regard to the subject of prisoners and the manner in which penalties are enforced, we had the opportunity to inquire in the July 2019 a law class, this time comprising Brazilian students from the most diverse states of Brazil and who went to the Portucalense University in Oporto, Portugal, for the sole purpose of attending the Master of Law course, in the area of specialisation in Political and Legal Sciences. This time the study had the purpose of analysing and studying this class, considering the peculiarity of the sample, with unique characteristics. The surveys were distributed and were answered freely, individually and anonymously by 13 students who were present in a classroom. This is a group of students with a middle age ranging between 30 and 40 years and who already had professional work experience in forensic areas (notaries, judges, lawyers, etc.). We wanted to know to what extent these students were sensitised towards the human rights issues relating to prison sentences, their purposes and ways of execution. We also wanted to verify if the students had in their luggage of knowledge, from the teaching of legal subjects acquired in Brazil, the notions of basic principles regarding to the execution of prison sentences. We concluded that these are students receptive to the principles of human rights related to prisoners and their penalties, unanimously defending the end of preventive penalties, even though only one of them said that he felt safe in his country, besides the remaining 12 demonstrated insecureness and 10 out of those 12 have already been victims of crime in Brazil. On the other hand, we recorded curious outcomes and, sometimes somewhat inconsistent, results that we crossed over so that we can relate them to each other and this can be seen in the rest of the article.
 
Keywords: Human rights, prison sentences, purposes of the penalties, victims of crime, insecureness.
Scavenging for Ejiao's raw material and the extinction of donkeys in Nigeria
Authors: Maigari Muhammad Abdullahi , Dantani Umar , Yelwa Muson Mohammed , Ibrahim Arafat
Published: January 2021

This paper examines the increasing presence of merchants in Northern Nigeria purchasing donkeys in large numbers beyond domestic consumption in parts of Nigeria that eat its meat and drink its milk. Also, this paper examines the economic and social effects on donkey users, especially in rural areas. Theoretically, this paper has adopted a Marxist explanation as the framework of analysis to analyse the trade between China and Nigeria. Methodologically, this paper employed a phenomenological research design under qualitative research where data were obtained from in-depth interviews and key informant interviews in Kebbi, Zamfara and Sokoto States with owners, marketers and users of donkeys in the selected states. This paper found that the areas surveyed witnessed an influx of marketers, foreign and domestic, who were into the business of trading donkeys or its skin. This paper also found that as a result of the high demand for donkeys, the owners preferred to sell their donkeys than domesticate them, because of the mouth-watering price from exporters. The study revealed that the majority of the villagers were not aware of what the exporters used the donkeys for. This is because the Chinese traders or their agents have not established manufacturing in Nigeria where the donkey serves as a raw material for the production of a traditional medicine called ejiao. This paper concludes that villagers are not aware of the cumulative effects of the unprecedented demand for donkey’s skin to produce ejiao and this is evident in the shrinking population of donkeys in Nigeria. This paper recommends that if trading donkeys is not controlled, there is a tendency that the donkey would become extinct in Nigeria, which will have adverse effects on the life of rural dwellers who rely on it for transportation of goods and domesticate it as an asset.
 
Keywords: China, donkey’s skin, ejiao, globalisation, Nigeria, trading.
ABOUT THE TRAINING METHODS FOR OLYMPIC STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS
Authors:   TransilvaniaUniversity of Braşov, MANEA Adelina-Loredana
Published: January 2021

This paper aims to find the best training method for students who wish to obtain performance in mathematics. School, special curricula for the gifted and self-instruction are just some of the methods students choose in order to achieve excellence in mathematics. This research aims to outline a general method for efficient student training, also taking into account the anxiety generated by mathematical competitions (Mathematical Anxiety). The study is based on the author's ten years’ experience in coordinating advanced mathematics training programs for students in Braşov, Romania.
Diagnostic sérologique de la cowdriose au Zimbabwe. Problèmes et perspectives
Authors: Barbet Anthony F. , Tebele N. , Semu S. , Peter T. , Wassink L. , Mahan Suman M.
Published: January 2021

La valeur potentielle de l'immunoblotting (Western blotting) a été étudiée pour le sérodiagnostic de la cowdriose au Zimbabwe, utilisant des Cowdria ruminantium de culture comme antigène. L'anticorps dominant de la réponse des bovins infectés expérimentalement avec des isolats de C. ruminantium du Zimbabwe était dirigé contre un polypeptide d'environ 32 kDa. Des sérums de bovins et ovins de Floride étaient tous négatifs contre ce polypeptide, et des sérums de régions endémiques pour la cowdriose au Zimbabwe étaient positifs, d'où l'idée d'utiliser cette réaction pour le diagnostic. Toutefois, un grand nombre de réactions positives à l'immunoblot a été obtenu en testant des sérums de bovins et d'ovins de régions du Zimbabwe connues pour être indemnes d'Amblyomma et de cowdriose. La dilution de ces sérums positifs n'a pas permis de les distinguer de sérums positifs en provenance de régions endémiques. Des moutons de régions indemnes, positifs à la réaction, étaient négatifs pour C. ruminantium par PCR, n'étaient pas infectieux pour des tiques, et étaient entièrement sensibles à la cowdriose expérimentale. Il est donc vraisemblable qu'il s'agit de fausses réactions croisées, causées par un organisme apparenté qui existe dans les régions indemnes de cowdriose du Zimbabwe.
Le diagnostic sérologique de la cowdriose : cinq tests comparés
Authors: Du Plessis J.L. , Bezuidenhout J.D. , Brett M.S. , Camus Emmanuel , Jongejan Frans , Mahan Suman M. , Martinez Dominique
Published: January 2021

Cinq tests sérologiques, l'ELISA indirect, l'ELISA de compétition, deux tests par immunofluorescence indirecte utilisant des antigènes différents, et la technique de Western blotting, ont été comparés sur des sérums de contrôle négatifs ou positifs pour Cowdria ruminantium et des sérums d'animaux de régions indemnes de cowdriose. Aucun des tests ne donnait de réaction positive sur les sérums de contrôle négatifs. En dehors de variations peu importantes dans la sensibilité, il y avait une bonne corrélation entre les 5 tests. Leur spécificité reste contestée, car dans tous les 5 tests, des réactions croisées considérables ont été enregistrées avec des anticorps contre un agent non encore identifié, probablement Ehrlichia.
Clonage et caractérisation partielle du gène codant pour la protéine Cr32 de Cowdria ruminantium
Authors: Van Vliet A.H.M. , Jongejan Frans , Van Kleef Mirinda , Van Der Zeijst B.A.M.
Published: January 2021

Les Cowdria ont été purifiées par centrifugation en gradient de densité. L'ADN a été utilisé pour la construction de banques génomiques d'expression. La protéine immunodominante Cr32 a été purifiée et la séquence N-terminale d'acides aminés déterminée. Les banques génomiques d'expression ont été criblées avec des anticorps monoclonaux spécifiques de la protéine Cr32, mais aucun n'a réagi. Une partie du gène codant pour la Cr32 a ensuite été amplifiée utilisant des amorces provenant de la séquence N-terminale et d'une autre séquence d'acides aminés interne. La séquence amplifiée a servi de sonde pour détecter le fragment d'ADN génomique codant pour la protéine Cr32. Ce fragment, provenant du stock Sénégal de Cowdria ruminantium, a alors été cloné. Une partie du gène, représentant les deux tiers de la longueur totale, a été exprimée dans le vecteur pGEX2T. Le produit d'expression obtenu est reconnu par les anticorps monoclonaux spécifiques de la Cr32.
Une étude in vitro du cycle de vie de Cowdria ruminantium
Authors: Prozesky L. , Hart A. , Brett M.S.
Published: January 2021

Le cycle de vie de Cowdria ruminantium a été étudié dans des cellules SBE 189 par microscopie classique et électronique. Des cultures ont été infectées avec un inoculum synchronisé et fixées et préparées entre 15 min et 111 h post-inoculation (PI). Après 12 h, de grands corps réticulaires seuls ou en petits groupes ont été identifiés dans des vacuoles intracytoplasmatiques entourées de membranes. Ils se développaient graduellement dans des corps réticulaires plus petits avec une structure interne plus granuleuse. De 66 à 75 h PI, il y avait une augmentation importante de la taille des colonies. La plupart des colonies contenaient des corps réticulaires, bien que quelques corps intermédiaires et opaques aux électrons aient été visibles. Des corps réticulaires solitaires extracellulaires avec une couche ressemblant au peptidoglycan ont été observés 84 h PI. Après 90 h, des corps intermédiaires et opaques aux électrons fussent présents en abondance et cela coïncidait avec la lyse des cellules de culture. Le cycle de développement de Cowdria ruminantium durait donc environ 4 jours, dans cette étude.
L’effet systémique des adultes et des nymphes d’Amblyomma variegatum sur la pathogénie de la dermatophilose
Authors: Lloyd C.M. , Walker A.R.
Published: January 2021

L'effet systémique des adultes et nymphes d'Amblyomma variegatum sur la pathogénie d'infections expérimentales avec Dermatophilus congolensis a été étudié. Trois groupes de 4 moutons ont été utilisés, tous infectés avec des doses titrées identiques de D. congolensis. Un des groupes a été infesté simultanément par des adultes d'A. variegatum, le deuxième groupe par des nymphes, et le troisième comprenait les témoins non-infestés. L'évaluation des infections indique que l'effet systémique de la tique est limité aux adultes. Des tests cutanés et sérologiques utilisant d'autres antigènes ont montré une réduction significative des réponses immunitaires cellulaires et humorales uniquement chez les moutons infestés par les tiques adultes.
Études épidémiologiques sur la dermatophilose dans les Antilles
Authors: Martinez Dominique , Aumont Gilles , Moutoussamy M. , Gabriel D. , Tatareau A.H. , Barré Nicolas , Vallée F. , Mari Bernard
Published: January 2021

La dermatophilose est une des maladies les plus importantes des ruminants domestiques des îles caraïbes, où la maladie clinique est associée à la présence de la tique Amblyomma variegatum. Des études séroépidémiologiques ont été effectuées afin d’éclaircir l’épidémiologie de la maladie dans la région, en faisant particulièrement attention au rôle d’A. variegatum. Une banque de 1300 sérums de bovins des Petites Antilles a été examinée par ELISA pour la présence d’anticorps contre Dermatophilus congolensis. Il s’est avéré que des animaux séropositifs existent dans des îles non infestées par A. variegatum, et où la dermatophilose n’est jamais ou rarement observée. De plus, il n’y avait pas de différence significative entre la prévalence d’animaux séropositifs des zones infestées par la tique et des zones non infestées de la Martinique et de Sainte-Lucie, deux îles partiellement infestées et où la dermatophilose n’est observée que dans les parties infestées par la tique. La prévalence était basse dans les petites îles ayant un climat sec. Ceci confirme les résultats expérimentaux indiquant qu’A. variegatum n’est pas indispensable pour la transmission de D. congolensis, qui est très répandu dans la plupart des îles. Les concentrations élevées de prostaglandine E2 (entre 151 et 377 ng/ml) et de prostacycline (entre 124 et 134 ng/ml) trouvées dans la salive des femelles d’A. variegatum, suggèrent fortement que la tique pourrait favoriser le développement des lésions par une activité immunomodulatrice de sa salive. Néanmoins, malgré un certain succès dans la reproduction de la dermatophilose chez des chèvres simultanément infestées avec des adultes d’A. variegatum et scarifiées avec Dermatophilus, on n’a pas observé de différence entre des bovins Créole naturellement résistants et des Brahman hautement sensibles, utilisant le même modèle. Les lésions de la dermatophilose sont restées très bénignes sur les animaux des deux races. Après cette expérience, les Brahman ont développé une dermatophilose généralisée après avoir été mis au pâturage, ce qui indique que le rôle respectif des facteurs de risque identifiés comme étant d’importance majeure pour l’expression de la dermatophilose clinique, n’est pas complètement clarifié et demande d’être étudié davantage.
La relation entre la gestion des petites exploitations en Haïti et les maladies caprines et bovines
Authors: Veit H.P. , McCarthy F. , Friedericks J. , Cashin M. , Angert R.
Published: January 2021

Une étude de 40 semaines a porté sur 43 fermes, 60 chèvres et 60 bovins, afin d'identifier des conditions anormales ou des maladies, et les facteurs prédisposants saisonniers, liés à la gestion ou nutritionnels. Les exploitations ont été visitées 4 fois, approximativement toutes les 10 semaines, les fermiers questionnés, les animaux examinés et leur sang prélevé pour l'hématocrite, le nombre total de leucocytes et le taux de certains vitamines et minéraux dans le sérum. Des déficiences sérieuses en phophore ont été mises en évidence dans le sol, le fourrage et chez les animaux, et des déficiences moindres en vitamines E et A. Une anémie présumée d'origine parasitaire, était un signe clinique fréquent chez les chèvres et les bovins. Les maladies infectieuses et le parasitisme externe et interne étaient partiellement limités par l'isolement des animaux, leurs mouvements et leur maintien à l'attache, rarement par des médicaments. Le système actuel de gestion des petites exploitations en Haïti réussit à prévenir des maladies graves, mais n'est pas efficace pour des maladies mineures, la reproduction et la croissance.
Des clones de cellules T CD4+ spécifiques pour Babesia bovis, de bovins immunisés, expriment le profil de cytokines des cellules Th0 ou des Th1
Authors: Brown W.C. , Zhao S. , Woods V.M. , Dobbelaere D.A.E. , Rice Ficht A.C.
Published: January 2021

Le rôle central des cellules T dans la réponse immunitaire contre les hémoprotozooaires, aussi bien comme cellules "helper" pour la production d'anticorps sous dépendance de cellules T que comme cellules effectrices agissant directement ou indirectement sur les parasites intracellulaires par l'élaboration de cytokines, a conduit les auteurs à examiner la réponse immunitaire cellulaire chez les bovins aux antigènes de Babesia bovis.
Un suivi de Leishmania infantum dans une cohorte de chiens dans une région endémique du sud de la France
Authors: Vidor E. , Bissuel G. , Dubreuil N. , Moreau Y.
Published: January 2021

Afin d'évaluer la faisabilité d'un essai de vaccin contre la leishmaniose sur le terrain, une cohorte de 50 chiens mâles de race Beagle, non infectés, a été introduite dans un foyer actif de leishmaniose canine, afin de déterminer l'incidence sérologique et clinique. La prospection a été faite dans la région des Cévennes à 460 m d'altitude, dans un site sélectionné pour des considérations écologiques (densité des phlébotomes attendue, hygrométrie, chiens affectés dans les environs du chenil). Les chiens ont été maintenus dans 2 enclos de 25 animaux chacun. Ils ont été examinés mensuellement par inspection clinique et par sérologie, entre le 17 mai 1989 et mi-1991. Un diagnostic parasitologique a été entrepris à chaque cas douteux ou suspect de leishmaniose. Après deux ans, 70 % des chiens étaient séropositifs pour Leishmania infantum et 20 chiens montraient le tableau typique de leishmaniose canine, dont 16 sont morts. Les résultats sont encourageants. Ils permettront de mieux comprendre l'histoire naturelle de la leishmaniose chez les chiens et nous donnent un site parfait pour des essais sur le terrain de vaccins potentiels.
Méthodologie des enquêtes en épidémiologie animale
Authors: Bénet Jean-Jacques , Sanaa M. , Dufour Bernard Pierre , Toma Bernard
Published: January 2021

Dans cet article, les auteurs passent en revue les bases méthodologiques des enquêtes, tant descriptives qu'analytiques, en épidémiologie animale. Au cours de cette synthèse, ils précisent les définitions des principaux termes utilisés en épidémiologie, ainsi que les modalités d'évaluation de la qualité de ces enquêtes.
Épidémiologie des salmonelloses dans les élevages de Trinidad
Authors: Adesiyun A.A. , Kaminjolo J.S. , Loregnard R. , Kitson Piggott W.
Published: January 2021

Les fèces de 689 animaux domestiques ont été examinées pour rechercher des salmonelles, et les antibiogrammes des isolats ont été établis. Au total, 29 (4,2 % animaux présentaient des salmonelles. On a rencontré la plus forte prévalence chez les veaux, puisque 14 sur 293 (soit 4,8 %) étaient Salmonella positifs, tandis qu'elle était la plus faible chez les chevreaux, aucune salmonelle n'étant détectée chez les 18 animaux examinés. Chez les porcelets, 12 animaux sur 294 (4,1 %) présentaient des salmonelles, alors que ce chiffre s'élevait à 3 sur 84 (3,6 %) chez les agneaux. Il n'y avait pas de différence statistiquement significative (p supérieur ou égal à 0,05; khi2) entre les animaux soumis à une conduite semi-intensive (4,4 %) et ceux élevés de façon intensive (4,3 %), entre les animaux diarrhéiques (5,0 %) et les non diarrhéiques (3,3 %), entre les femelles (5,2 %) et les mâles (3,4 %). Neuf sérotypes ont été isolés, avec une prédominance de S. hadar, S. gaminara et S. typhimurium respectivement chez les veaux, les porcelets et les agneaux. L'existence des deux sérotypes S. kinshasa et S. virchow est décrite pour la première fois chez des animaux des Antilles.
Em 2020 o acolhimento pelo Cepagri-Unicamp, Labor frente à pandemia, Engenho em prol do ambiente e o Dossiê Arquitetura, Cidade e Documentação
Authors: Argollo Ferrão André Munhoz de
Published: January 2021

O ano de 2020 foi marcado mundialmente pela pandemia de coronavírus, que determinou sérias mudanças no comportamento das pessoas, com o afastamento social e a indicação para “ficar em casa”. No Brasil, as universidades suspenderam as atividades presenciais e o cotidiano acabou sendo sensivelmente afetado, exigindo adaptação a um contexto até então desconhecido. O impacto dessas alterações atingiu profissionais de diversas áreas. Muitos professores e pesquisadores se sentiram limitados em alguma medida. Ainda assim, demonstrando resiliência e força de vontade, realizaram uma excelente produção, materializada, em parte, com a publicação de excelentes artigos. A revista Labor & Engenho tem a satisfação de oferecer neste volume 14 (2020) 20 artigos, 6 dentre os quais compondo o Dossiê Arquitetura, Patrimônio e Documentação.
Evaluación anatómica de la articulación temporomandibular mediante resonancia magnética. Artículo de revisión
Authors: Lévano Loayza Sandro Alexander , Sovero Gaspar Abell Temistocles
Published: January 2021

Se desarrolló una revisión sistémica y sintética de la anatomía de la articulación temporomandibular en imágenes de resonancia magnética para su evaluación. La articulación temporomandibular es una estructura anatómica compuesta por huesos, músculos, ligamentos y un disco articular que permite realizar importantes movimientos fisiológicos, como es la apertura, cierre, protrusión, retrusión y lateralización mandibular. La resonancia magnética, es una técnica imagenológica que no utiliza radiación ionizante y que es más específica para la evaluación e interpretación de los tejidos blandos, debido a su alta resolución, por lo que tiene un rol importante en el diagnóstico de diversas patologías maxilofaciales, razón por la cual el odontólogo debe tener conocimiento de las estructuras y funciones de la articulación temporomandibular mediante imágenes de resonancia magnética. La revisión demuestra la importancia de la resonancia magnética en el estudio de la anatomía de la articulación temporomandibular, además de mencionar las ventajas que proporciona esta técnica imagenológica como su buen detalle de los tejidos blandos en sus diferentes secuencias y la no utilización de radiación ionizante para la obtención de sus imágenes.
ZAKAT CORE PRINCIPLE (ZCP) POIN 10 DISBURSEMENT MANAGEMENT DALAM MENGUKUR EFEKTIVITAS PENDISTRIBUSIAN ZAKAT PADA PROGRAM KERJA BAZNAS
Authors: Yuliasih Ayudhia , Juliana Juliana , Rosida Rida
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  tingkat efektivitas pendistribusian dana zakat pada program BAZNAS Kota Cirebon, Kabupaten Kuningan, Kabupaten Majalengka dan Kabupaten Cirebon serta mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai rendah atau tingginya hasil perhitungan efektivitas pendistribusian zakat tersebut . Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pedekatan kuantitatif, dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Zakat Core Principles poin 10 Disbursement Managament. Berdasarkan  analisis Zakat Core Principles poin 10 Disbursement Managament maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa keempat BAZNAS tersebut sudah mencapai kategori efektif. Pada Time Effectivity, pendistribusian dana zakat pada keempat BAZNAS tersebut termasuk kedalam kategori cepat yang berarti bahwa lembaga zakat telah memiliki program yang efektif. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi nilai rendah atau tingginya hasil perhitungan efektivitas pendistribusian dana zakat tersebut dipengaruhi oleh Pendistribusian dana Zakat yang selalu tepat sasaran sesuai Ashnaf dan merata, Pendistribusian dana zakat dan pendayagunaan dana zakat kepada masyarakat sudah sangat baik, Peraturan tegas terkait wajib zakat dan penerapan peraturan pengelolaan terkait zakat sudah bagus.Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Pendistribusian, Zakat, Zakat Core Principles. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to see the level of effectiveness of distribution of zakat funds in the BAZNAS program of Cirebon City, Kuningan Regency, Majalengka Regency and Cirebon Regency and also to see the factors that influence the low value or the level of yield that has the value of the distribution of zakat. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach, and the data analysis technique used is the Basic Principles of Zakat point 10 Payment Management. Based on the analysis of the Core Principles of Zakat point 10 for Disbursement Management, it can be ignored that the four BAZNAS have reached the effective category. In Time Effectiveness, the distribution of zakat funds to the four BAZNAS is included in the fast category which means that the zakat institution has an effective program. The factors that affect the low or high value of the calculation results which have the authority to distribute zakat funds are always on target according to Ashnaf and are evenly distributed, the distribution of zakat funds and the utilization of zakat funds to the community is very good, strict regulations related to the compulsory zakat and the implementation of zakat-related regulations is good.Keywords: Effectiveness, Distribution, Zakat, Zakat Core Principles.
DETERMINAN HAK AMIL PERIODE 2006-2018 (STUDI KASUS BAZNAS INDONESIA)
Authors: Rupiawan Baiyina , Suprayogi Noven
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hubungan antara pertumbuhan penggalangan dana zakat infaq dan shadaqah (ZIS), dana alokasi zakat infaq, dan shadaqah (ZIS), dan biaya operasional pada hak amil BAZNAS pusat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti menggunakan time series berdasarkan laporan keuangan yang dikeluarkan BAZNAS tahun 2006-2018. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan penghimpunan dana zakat berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap hak amil. Selain itu, pertumbuhan variabel penggalangan dana infaq/shadaqah juga berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap hak amil. Sedangkan pada variabel alokasi dana zakat berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap hak amil. Variabel alokasi dana infaq/shadaqah berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap hak amil. Sedangkan variabel biaya operasional berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap hak amil. Sedangkan untuk variabel pertumbuhan penghimpunan dana zakat, pertumbuhan penggalangan dana infaq/shadaqah, alokasi zakat, alokasi infaq/shadaqah, dan biaya operasional berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hak amil BAZNAS di Indonesia tahun 2006-2018.Kata kunci: Hak amil, pertumbuhan penggalangan dana zakat, pertumbuhan penggalangan dana infaq/shadaqah, alokasi zakat, alokasi infaq/shadaqah, dan biaya operasional. ABSTRACTThis research aims to study the relationship between the growth of zakat infaq and shadaqah (ZIS) fundraising, zakat infaq, and shadaqah (ZIS) allocation funds, and operational cost on the central BAZNAS amil rights. This research used a quantitative approach. This type of research attended by researchers used a time series based on financial statements issued by BAZNAS in 2006-2018. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regressions. The partial results of the research indicate that the growth of zakat fund collection has a significant positive effect on amil rights. Also, the growth of the infaq/shadaqah fundraising variable also has a significant positive effect on amil rights. Whereas, at the variable of zakat funds allocation has a significant negative effect on amil rights. The variable of infaq/shadaqah fund allocation has a significant negative effect on amil rights. Meanwhile, the variable of operational cost has a significant positive effect on amil rights. Simultaneously, for the variable of the growth in the collection of zakat funds, the growth of infaq/shadaqah fundraising, zakat allocation, infaq/shadaqah allocation, and operational cost significantly influence the BAZNAS amil rights in Indonesia in 2006-2018.Keywords: Amil rights, growth of zakat fundraising, growth of infaq/shadaqah fundraising, zakat allocation, infaq/shadaqah allocation, and operational cost.
ANALISIS STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE DESA KARANGPOH KECAMATAN KRIAN KABUPATEN SIDOARJO (TINJAUAN PEMASARAN ISLAM)
Authors: Andrianti Fitri , Oktafia Renny
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKDengan adanya teknologi, informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin canggih, hal tersebut bisa dimanfaatkan untuk mengembangkan bisnis Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM). Salah satunya yakni dengan cara mempromosikan usaha yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali bagaimana implementasi strategi pengembangan serta dampak implementasi strategi pengembangan usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) melalui media online di Desa Karangpoh kec. Krian kab. Sidoarjo (tinjauan pemasaran islam). Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi strategi pengembangan project bunga kertas terbagi menjadi empat macam yakni memberikan promo, iklan, penentuan harga dan menjaga pelayanan dengan customer. Kata kunci: Pengembangan Usaha, Media Online, Pemasaran Islam. ABSTRACTWith technology, increasingly sophisticated information and communication, this can be used to develop micro small and medium enterprises. One of them is by promoting the business being carried out.This study aims to explore how the implementation of development strategies and the impact of implementing strategies for developing micro smalland medium enterprises through online media in Karangpoh village. Krian district. Sidoarjo regency (islamic marketing review). The method used is a qualitative method. This research approach uses case studies. The results of this study can be concluded that the implementation of the paper flower project development strategy is divided into four types, namely providing promos, advertising, pricing and maintaining service to customers.Keywords: Business Development, Online Media, Islamic Marketing.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Oktavia Rolista Dwi , Laila Nisful
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas terhadap internet financial reporting pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia secara parsial dan simultan. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik regresi data panel. Serta pupulasi yang digunakan ialah Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Dengan penilaian internet financial reporting menggunakan 45 indikator. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan secara parsial ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, berpengaruh positif signifikan, sedangkan likuiditas berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap internet financial reporting. Secara simultan ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap internet financial reporting pada bank umum syariah di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Ukuran bank, profitabilitas, leverage, likuiditas, internet financial reporting. ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to determine the effect of bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity on internet financial reporting of sharia commercial banks in Indonesia partially and simultaneously. Using a quantitative approach with panel data regression techniques. As well as the population used is Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia. The internet financial reporting assessment uses 45 indicators. The results obtained show that partially bank size, profitability, leverage, have a significant positive effect, while liquidity has a significant negative effect on internet financial reporting. Simultaneously, bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity have a significant positive effect on internet financial reporting at sharia commercial banks in Indonesia.Keywords: Bank size, profitability, leverage, liquidity, internet financial reporting.ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGUNGKAPAN INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PADA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
PRESS AND GENDER IN THE AMAZON: journalistic representations of woman at the Parintins Folk Festival (AM)
Authors: Gatto Yasmin Ribeiro , Soares Murilo César
Published: January 2021

This research analyses the journalistic representation of the female gender within the main popular manifestation of the Northern Region: Folklore Festival of Parintins. The research is based on the framings built by the news coverage of the region's two main print journals in the years 2015 and 2016. In the Amazon region, the emphasis women receive in the media is almost always related to the issue of cultural manifestations, which leads us to reflect how the media of the region itself see the woman and make a representation of it. Therefore, the research has the following problem question: how are the women participating in the Folk Festival being presented in the media and how does this framing represent the female figure?
A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: Os impactos e tendências nos processos de ensino, aprendizagem e formação continuada de professores
Authors: Pinho Maria José de , Ribeiro Josivânia Sousa Costa
Published: January 2021

O artigo objetiva analisar as implicações da Pandemia da COVID-19 para o campo da educação na região da Amazônia tocantinense, especialmente, acerca do desenvolvimento de atividades escolares à distância devido a suspensão das aulas e a respeito dos programas, ações e projetos de formação continuada ofertadas aos professores do Sistema Estadual de Ensino. A pesquisa assenta-se no materialismo histórico dialético, tendo como referência a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental em portarias, medidas provisórias, decretos, pareceres e demais mecanismos normativos emitidos, principalmente, pelo Ministério da Educação, Conselho Nacional da Educação, Governo do Estado do Tocantins e Conselho Estadual de Educação. Numa perspectiva crítica, presume-se que a adoção por parcerias público-privadas como política educacional e a ampliação da educação à distância compromete sobremaneira o princípio constitucional da gestão democrática e da qualidade da educação
CONTROVERSIES ON ALGORITHMIC HARMS: corporate discourses on coded discrimination
Authors: Silveira Sergio Amadeu da , Silva Tarcizio Roberto da
Published: January 2021

Discriminatory impacts and the damages due to algorithmic systems have opened discussions regarding the scope of responsibility of communication technology and artificial intelligence companies. The article presents public controversies triggered by eight public cases of harm and algorithmic discrimination that generated public responses from technology companies, addressing the efforts made by them in framing the debate about responsibility in the course of planning, training and implementation of systems.  Following that, it discusses how the opacity of systems is defended by the commercial companies that develop them, alleging prerogatives such as “industry secrets” and algorithmic inscrutability.
CONTROVÉRSIAS SOBRE DANOS ALGORÍTMICOS: discursos corporativos sobre discriminação codificada
Authors: Silveira Sergio Amadeu da , Silva Tarcizio Roberto da
Published: January 2021

Impactos discriminatórios e danos de sistemas algorítmicos têm gerado discussões sobre o escopo da responsabilidade de empresas de tecnologia da comunicação e inteligência artificial. O artigo apresenta controvérsias públicas engatilhadas por 8 casos públicos de danos e discriminação algorítmica que geraram respostas públicas de empresas de tecnologia, abordando o esforço realizado pelas empresas de tecnologia em enquadrar o debate sobre responsabilidades no fluxo de planejamento, treinamento e implementação dos sistemas. Em seguida, discute como a opacidade dos sistemas é defendida pelas empresas comerciais que os desenvolvem, alegando prerrogativas como “segredo de negócio” e inescrutabilidade algorítmica.
SUICIDE, SOCIAL TIES AND FACEBOOK: ethnographic analysis with groups on digital social media
Authors: Paz Aline Amaral , Silva Sandra Rúbia da
Published: January 2021

Inserted in the field of communication in strong dialogue with socio-anthropology, from the methodological approach of ethnography to the internet, this article identifies the existence of groups on digital social media that create spaces to share content related to suicide. The main results point to three issues: first, suicide is an act of communication on the internet. Second, digital social media enables other ways of creating social bonds. These bonds, perceived as intermediate bonds, can collaborate to prevent and combat self-inflicted death. Third, the absence of institutional organizations that mediate content sharing in groups that, especially, are composed of members considered vulnerable and at risk. Mostly, these groups are occupied by young people.
CONDIÇÕES DE PRODUÇÃO E BIOGRAFIA: A noção de humanização na constituição histórica do gênero
Authors: Ormaneze Fabiano
Published: January 2021

Este artigo relaciona a noção de condições de produção, conforme definida pela Análise de Discurso Francesa, e a história da constituição dos gêneros biográficos como materialidade linguística. O objetivo é compreender de que maneira as condições de produção, ao comportarem o sujeito e as circunstâncias, produzindo imagens sobre o presente e o passado de personagens, constroem uma noção de humanização em cada momento da história, considerando os principais textos biográficos citados pelos historiadores do gênero. Assim, busca-se verificar como, apesar da transparência com que a palavra “humanização” tem sido usada em estudos da área de Comunicação, essa noção é fruto de projeções imaginárias construídas pela ideologia e sedimentadas na memória discursiva dos gêneros biográficos e jornalísticos.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES BIOGRÁFICAS DE JUCA KFOURI E TINHORÃO À HISTÓRIA DO JORNALISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Adam Felipe , Gadini Sérgio Luiz
Published: January 2021

artigo visa avaliar dois livros biográficos de profissionais da imprensa enquanto instrumentos para o resgate da história do jornalismo brasileiro. No estudo, são analisadas as obras Juca Kfouri: O militante da notícia (ALENCAR, 2006) e Tinhorão: O legendário (LORENZOTTI, 2010) pela atuação de ambos em editorias específicas do jornalismo: esportiva e cultural, respectivamente. Através de três categorias observadas na leitura das biografias – ambiente jornalístico, espaços de pertencimento e legado do biografado –, infere-se que os livros destacam características da profissão, priorizam a memória do protagonista e auxiliam na compreensão do passado jornalístico brasileiro. E, assim, podem servir de breve roteiro (embora parcial) para uma perspectiva biográfica da história do jornalismo em importantes momentos do século XX no Brasil.