bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gendered late working life trajectories, family history and welfare regimes: Evidence from SHARELIFE
Authors: Schmitz Wiebke , Naegele Laura , Frerichs Frerich , Ellwardt Lea
Published: November 2022

Background
Earlier employment choices based on family events in earlier life have an impact up until late working life. Especially in welfare regimes that encourage the breadwinner-caretaker division. We investigate types of late employment patterns and how these are associated with earlier family events. Third, we test whether the association between early family history and late working life varies across five welfare regimes.
Methods
We use retrospective life history data from SHARELIFE. Our sample consists of 10,944 women and 10,662 men aged 65 years and older. Late working life trajectories are analyzed using gender-separate sequence analyses, which are summarized into eight groups applying cluster analyses. Using average marginal and interaction effects we explain how the association between types of late working life, coresidential partnership history and parenthood history differs by welfare states.
Results
Women’s late employment is either shaped by unpaid care or paid (full- or part-time) work but not both, whereas men’s late working life is mainly shaped by full-time work. Family history in earlier life is linked to unpaid care and part-time work – this association is strongest in liberal and southern welfare regimes. However, among men earlier family events are linked to full-time work.
Discussion
Policymakers need gender-specific strategies to integrate workers into late working life. The implementing of new policies should aim to prevent these social inequalities in early life, as employment decisions caused by family history in earlier life stages – especially for women – tend to cumulate over the life course.
Whole-Ecosystem Climate Manipulation Effects on Total Mercury within a Boreal Peatland
Authors: Pierce Caroline , Psarska Sona , Stewart Brandy D. , Oleheiser Keith , Griffiths Natalie A. , Gutknecht Jessica L. M. , Kolka Randall K. , Sebestyen Stephen D. , Nater Edward A. , Toner Brandy M.
Published: November 2022

Mercury is a ubiquitous pollutant that accumulates in peatlands, an ecosystem highly sensitive to climate change. We examined the effects of increasing temperature and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) on the concentration of total mercury (THg) in peatland soil and porewater. This research was performed at the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment, an ecosystem-scale manipulation in an ombrotrophic bog in northern Minnesota, USA, which includes five temperature levels (above- and below-ground warming), with ambient or enhanced CO2 concentration. The effect of temperature on THgporewater concentration was dependent on depth but overall, increasing temperature led to increased THgporewater concentrations. The ratio of THgpeat to THgporewater decreased, indicating that THg moved from the peat into porewater under warmer conditions. Increased temperature resulted in decreased water table height, and as the water table dropped, increased THgporewater concentrations were observed, as well as decreased THgpeat concentration. The effect of elevated CO2 on THg concentrations in peat and porewater was less clear but in the top portion of the depth profile (0 cm to -40 cm), a negative correlation between elevated CO2 and THgpeat and a positive correlation between elevated CO2 and THgporewater concentration was observed. Our findings indicate with projected climate change, we may see enhanced concentrations of mercury in peatland porewaters that are available for export to surface waters, with potential implications for bioaccumulation in downstream aquatic communities.
Cutting performance and surface quality of Ti-6Al-4V by longitudinal ultrasonic vibration-assisted high-speed dry milling with coated carbide tools
Authors: Zhang Jin , Ling Li , Luo Daixin , Deng Chenjie , Huang Xuefeng , Tao Guibao , Cao Huajun
Published: November 2022

Longitudinal ultrasonic vibration-assisted high-speed dry milling (LUVAHSDM) is performed to improve cutting performance and surface quality of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4). Multifaceted comparisons are presented in milling results of AlCrN, AlCrSiN, AlTiN and AlTiSiN-coated tools in terms of milling force, milling temperature, tool wear, 3D surface roughness and residual stress. The results show that maximum milling force in both the feed and longitudinal directions first decreased and then increased with increasing Al element content as well as single edge and average flank wear. Therefore, the surface roughness of TC4 becomes more uniform when using AlTiN-coated tools, the residual stress is greatly reduced to 98.57 MPa. Combining milling force, milling temperature, tool wear, 3D surface roughness and residual stress data, it is found that AITiN-coated tools achieve both excellent cutting performance and surface quality. The excellent machining performance demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of applying LUVAHSDM methods.
Pharmaceutical money to Japanese board-certified dermatologists: A four-year retrospective analysis of personal payments from pharmaceutical companies between 2016 and 2019
Authors: Murayama Anju , Saito Hiroaki , Kugo Hinari , Yamashita Erika , Tanimoto Tetsuya , Ozaki Akihiko
Published: November 2022

There are prevalent financial relationships between dermatologists and pharmaceutical companies in Japan. However little was known about the extent of whole picture of the personal payments made to dermatologists by pharmaceutical companies. This study aimed to examine the personal payments to the board-certified dermatologists by the Japanese Dermatological Association from the pharmaceutical companies between 2016 and 2019. Using the publicly disclosed payments data by the pharmaceutical companies between 2016 and 2019, we evaluated the magnitude, prevalence, and trends in the personal payments made to all board-certified dermatologists for the lecturing, writing, and consulting compensations. The payments were descriptively analyzed overall and by dermatologist demographics. Additionally, the payment trends were assessed by generalized estimating equation models. Of 6883 active board-certified dermatologists, 3121 (45.3%) received a total of $33,223,806 personal payments between 2016 and 2019. The median per-physician payments and number of payments (interquartile range) were $1,737 ($613–$5,287) and 4.0 (2.0–10.0) over the four years, respectively. Only top 1%, 5%, 10% of dermatologists received 41.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.2–45.1%), 76.9% (95% CI: 74.7–79.1%), and 87.6% (95% CI: 86.2–88.9%) of overall payments. The number of dermatologists receiving payments and per-dermatologist payments increased by 4.3% (95% CI: 3.1%‒5.5%, p < 0.001) and 16.4% (95% CI: 13.5%‒19.4%, p < 0.001) each year. The board-certification in dermatology-oncology, in cosmetic dermatology, and male sex were significantly associated with higher personal payments with relative monetary values of 2.29 (95% CI: 1.65–3.19, p < 0.001), 3.16 (95% CI: 1.89–5.26, p < 0.001), and 5.38 (95% CI: 4.12–7.04, p < 0.001). Less than half of Japanese board-certified dermatologists received lower personal payments from the pharmaceutical companies than those to other specialists. However, these personal payments were increasingly more prevalent and greater over the four years.
Data-Driven Profiles of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Objective and Ecological Measures of Attention, Distractibility and Hyperactivity.
Authors: Fernández-Martín Pilar , Rodríguez-Herrera Rocío , López Rosa Cánovas , Díaz-Orueta Unai , Arboleas Alma Martínez de Salazar , Cubos Pilar Flores
Published: November 2022

In the past two decades, the traditional subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have been criticized for having substantial variability in symptom manifestation, clinical course, and treatment response. In the present study, we questioned whether an objective and ecological assessment of attentional control, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, the core symptom domains on which ADHD diagnosis is currently based, could yield similar phenotypic profiles to those defined by DSM-5 criteria. 110 Spanish-speaking children and adolescents (6–16 years) with ADHD (n = 57) and typically developing (n = 53) completed AULA, a continuous performance test embedded in virtual reality. We found that ADHD-Combined and ADHD-Inattentive subtypes exhibited the same performance profile. Then, we applied hybrid hierarchical k-means clustering algorithms to AULA’s main outcome measures. A five-cluster structure was the most optimal solution based on several validation indices. We identified two ADHD phenotypes sharing attention impairments and hyperactivity but with an opposing performance profile on processing speed (PS) and response inhibition domains; two normative groups with average and high performance; and one profile with relatively intact performance but poor sustained attention and slow PS. DSM-5 subtypes cut across cluster profiles. Our findings might suggest that PS and response inhibition, but not attentional processes and gross-motor activity, are useful domains to distinguish between ADHD subpopulations. This study highlights the poor feasibility of traditional categorical systems to parse ADHD heterogeneity and the added value of VR-based neuropsychological assessment to obtain an objective and less biased characterization of cognitive functioning in individuals with and without ADHD.
Effects of native probiotic candidates on the immune status, inflammatory response and disease resistance of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Linnaeus 1758)
Authors: Wuertz Sven , Beça Filipa , Kreuz Eva , Wanka Konrad M. , Azeredo Rita , Machado Marina , Costas Benjamin
Published: November 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Extreme ENSO conditions have contrasting effects on Antarctic euphausiid body condition during winter
Authors: Walsh Jennifer , Reiss Christian
Published: November 2022

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are increasing in frequency and intensity, with profound global impacts on marine environments. These events may result in contrasting ocean conditions around the Antarctic Peninsula, with varying effects on euphausiids because of their diverse life histories, habitats, and feeding ecologies. We conducted surveys in August and September 2014 and 2016 around the northern Antarctic Peninsula and examined the dietary carbon sources, trophic position, and body condition of five euphausiids (Euphausia crystallorophias, E. frigida, E. superba post-larvae and larvae, E. triacantha, and Thysanoessa macrura) in relation to environmental conditions each year. Principal component analysis of environmental conditions showed that 2014 was associated with high chlorophyll-a, low salinity, and shallow upper mixed-layer depths, while 2016 was associated with low chlorophyll-a, high salinity, and deep upper mixed-layer depths. Carbon sources varied between years, with most species enriched in δ13C in 2016. Trophic position was consistent between years and among species except E. frigida, which was enriched in δ15N in 2016. E. triacantha was the only species with lower body condition in 2016. We considered these outcomes in the context of the neutral ENSO index of 2014 and the positive ENSO index of 2016, which had contrasting effects on the type, quality, and distribution of food resources each year. We conclude that ENSO conditions around the northern Antarctic Peninsula may result in a more favorable feeding environment for all euphausiids except E. triacantha, which may be the most negatively impacted by the predicted increase in El Niño conditions.
Traveling wave solutions for explicit-time nonlinear photorefractive dynamics equation
Authors: Abdullah Zulfi , Ripai Ahmad , Syafwan Mahdhivan , Hidayat Wahyu
Published: November 2022

We have just solved the traveling wave solution for explicit-time nonlinear photorefractive dynamics equation. Nonlinearity comes from the support of linear and quadratic electro-optic effects. We investigated two cases, the wave was assumed to be in low amplitude and without such an assumption. In this step, we apply the direct solution method by setting the ansatz of the wave solution from the start. In the first case, the Taylor series expansion is relied on, the equations of these results can be integrated, and we get an exact solution for the traveling wave. In the second case, the original dynamic equation is fully evaluated. They are reduced to a first-order differential equation which we have provided the initial conditions for a numerical evaluation. The exact solution shows the propagation wave traveling in the positive and negative directions in the diffraction axis direction. There is also an angle between the traveling wave and the center of the propagation plane, which decreases as the value of the displacement constant in the solution increases. While the power of the traveling wave, it is also unique. Lastly, the numerical solution gives a kink-like traveling wave.
Mate-pair genome sequencing reveals structural variants for idiopathic male infertility
Authors: Dong Zirui , Qian Jicheng , Law Tracy Sze Man , Chau Matthew Hoi Kin , Cao Ye , Xue Shuwen , Tong Steve , Zhao Yilin , Kwok Yvonne K. , Ng Karen , Chan David Yiu Leung , Chiu Peter K-F , Ng Chi-Fai , Chung Cathy Hoi Sze , Mak Jennifer Sze Man , Leung Tak Yeung , Chung Jacqueline Pui Wah , Morton Cynthia C. , Choy Kwong Wai
Published: November 2022

Currently, routine genetic investigation for males with infertility includes karyotyping analysis and PCR for Y chromosomal microdeletions to provide prognostic information such as sperm retrieval success rate. However, over 85% of the cases remain idiopathic. We assessed 101 males with primary infertility in a retrospective cohort analysis who have previously received negative results from standard-of-care tests. Mate-pair genome sequencing (with ~ 5kb DNA fragment-size), an alternative long-DNA sequencing method was performed to detect clinically significant structural variants (SVs) and copy-number neutral absence of heterozygosity (AOH). Candidate SVs were filtered against our in-house cohort of 1,077 fertile men, and potentially clinically significant variants were correlated with gene expression profiles from single-cell RNA-seq datasets that curated human fetal and postnatal testicular development and adult germ cells. Follow-up studies were conducted for each patient with clinically relevant finding(s). Molecular diagnoses were made for 15.9% (10/63) of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia and 21.1% (8/38) of patients with severe oligozoospermia, respectively. Among them, 17 clinically significant SVs were identified in 16 cases, including five well-known syndromes, two inversions, and 10 SVs with direct disruption of genes by intragenic rearrangements or complex insertions. Importantly, a genetic defect related to Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) failure was identified in a non-obstructive azoospermia patient illustrating the additional value of an etiologic diagnosis in addition to determining sperm retrieval rate. Our study reveals a landscape of various genomic variants in 101 males with idiopathic infertility, not only advancing understanding of the underlying mechanisms of male infertility, but also impacting clinical management.
The conditions necessary for the formation of dissipative structures in tribo-films on friction surfaces that decrease the wear rate
Authors: Gershman I. S. , Fox-Rabinovich G. S. , Gershman E. I. , Mironov A. E. , Endrino J. L.
Published: November 2022

Tribo-films form on the surface as a result of friction and wear. The wear rate is dependant on the frictional processes, which develop within these tribo-films. Physical-chemical processes with negative entropy production enhance reduction of the wear rate. Such processes intensively develop once self-organization with dissipative structure formation is initiated. This process leads to significant wear rate reduction. Self-organization can only occur after the system loses thermodynamic stability. This article investigates the behavior of entropy production which results in the loss of thermodynamic stability in order to establish the prevalence of friction modes required for self-organization. Tribo-films with dissipative structures form on the friction surface as a consequence of a self-organization process, resulting in an overall wear rate reduction. It has been demonstrated that a tribo-system begins to lose its thermodynamic stability once it reaches the point of maximum entropy production during the running-in stage.
Vsig4 + Resident Single-Kupffer Cells Improve Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in NASH
Authors: Li Hui-Yi , Fu Seng-Wang , Wu Jun-Cheng , Li Zheng-Hong , Xu Ming-Yi
Published: November 2022

The role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is complex and unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on nonparenchymal cells isolated from NASH and control mice. Two main single macrophage subsets were identified that exhibited a significant change in cell percentage when NASH occurred: resident Kupffer cells (KCs; Cluster 2) and lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs; Cluster 13). Nearly 93% of single-LAMs in Cluster 13 specifically expressed Cx3cr1, and an increase in Cx3crl+ single-LAMs was speculated to play a proinflammatory role in NASH. Nearly 82% of resident single KCs in Cluster 2 specifically expressed Cd163, and an inhibited subgroup of Cd163+ resident single-KCs was suggested to have a protective effect in NASH. Similar to Cd163, Vsig4 was both enriched in and specific to Cluster 2. The percentage of Vsig4+-KCs was significantly decreased in NASH in vivo and in vitro. Hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells produced less lipid droplet accumulation, proinflammatory protein (TNF-α) and profibrotic protein (α-SMA) in response to coculture with Vsig4+-KCs than in those cocultured with lipotoxic KCs. Therefore, a subgroup of Vsig4+ resident single-KCs was shown to improve hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in NASH.
A comprehensive approach to quantify the source identification and human health risk assessment of toxic elements in park dust
Authors: Huang Chang-Chen , Cai Li-Mei. , Xu Yao-Hui , Jie Luo , Hu Guo-Cheng , Chen Lai-Guo. , Wang Han-Zhi , Xu Xu-Bang , Mei Jing-Xian
Published: November 2022

In this research, enrichment factor (EF) and pollution load index (PLI) were utilized to explore the contamination characteristics of toxic elements (TEs). The results exhibited that the study area was mainly moderately polluted, and the EF values of Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu and Sb were all > 1, which were cumulative. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb increased with the decrease of dust particle size. The investigation results of chemical speciation and bioavailability of TEs showed that Zn had the highest bioavailability. Three sources of TEs were determined by positive matrix factorization (PMF), Pearson correlation analysis and geostatistical analyst, comprising factor 1 mixed sources of industrial and transportation activities (46.62%), factor 2 natural source (25.56%) and factor 3 mixed source of agricultural activities and the aging of park infrastructures (27.82%). Potential ecological risk (PER) and human health risk (HHR) based on PMF model were exploited to estimate PER and HHR of TEs from different sources. The PER value of TE in the park dust was 114, indicating that ecological risk in the study area was relatively high. Factor 1 contributed the most to PER, and the pollution of Cd was the most serious. There were no significant carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults in the study area. And factor 3 was the biggest source of non-carcinogenic risk, As, Cr and Pb were the chief contributor to non-carcinogenic risk. The primary source of carcinogenic risk was factor 2, Cr was the cardinal cancer risk element.
Generation of light sheet focal patterns for light-sheet fluorescence microscopy via phase modulated radial and azimuthal variant vector beam
Authors: Thiruarul D. , Charles J. William , Lavanya M. , Rajesh K. B. , Jaroszewicz Z.
Published: November 2022

Axial multiple focal patterns are theoretically generated by tight focusing of radial and azimuthal variant vector beam phase modulated by annular Walsh filter. The novel light sheet patterns with sub wavelength size such as longitudinally polarized multiple focal spots, transversely polarized multiple focal spots/holes, longitudinally/ transversely polarized annular dark multiple spots with petal shapes are numerically generated by properly manipulating the parameters such as radial & azimuthal index values as well as the order & size of the annular obstruction values. The pre mentioned novel multiple focal patterns highly applicable in axial multiple optical trapping and manipulating, light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and optical lithography etc.
Gate-tunable heavy fermions in a moiré Kondo lattice
Authors: Mak Kin Fai , Zhao Wenjin , Shen Bowen , Tao Zui , Han Zhongdong , Kang Kaifei , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Shan Jie
Published: November 2022

The Kondo lattice, describing a matrix of local magnetic moments coupled via spin-exchange interactions to itinerant conduction electrons, is a prototype of strongly correlated quantum matter. Traditionally, Kondo lattices are realized in intermetallic compounds containing lanthanide or actinide. The complex electronic structure and limited tunability of both the electron density and exchange interactions in these bulk materials pose significant challenges to study Kondo lattice physics. Here, we report the realization of a synthetic Kondo lattice in AB-stacked MoTe2/WSe2 moiré bilayers, where the MoTe2 layer is tuned to a Mott insulating state, supporting a triangular moiré lattice of local moments, and the WSe2 layer is doped with itinerant conduction carriers. We observe heavy fermions with a large Fermi surface below the Kondo temperature. We also observe destruction of the heavy fermions by an external magnetic field with an abrupt decrease of the Fermi surface size and quasiparticle mass. We further demonstrate widely and continuously gate-tunable Kondo temperatures through either the itinerant carrier density or Kondo interaction. Our study opens the possibility of in-situ access to the rich phase diagram of the Kondo lattice with exotic quantum criticalities in a single device based on semiconductor moiré materials.
Early nucleocapsid-specific T cell responses associate with control of SARS-CoV-2 in the upper airways and reduced systemic inflammation before seroconversion
Authors: Eser Tabea M. , Baranov Olga , Huth Manuel , Ahmed Mohamed I. M. , Deák Flora , Held Kathrin , Lin Luming , Perkayvaz Kami , Leuning Alexander , Nicolai Leo , Pollakis Georgios , Buggert Marcus , Price David A. , Rubio-Acero Raquel , Reich Jakob , Falk Philine , Markgraf Alisa , Puchinger Kerstin , Castellitti Noemi , Olbrich Laura , Vanshylla Kanika , Klein Florian , Wieser Andreas , Hasenauer Jan , Kroidl Inge , Hölscher Michael , Geldmacher Christof
Published: November 2022

Despite intensive research since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, it has remained unclear precisely which components of the early immune response protect against the development of severe COVID-19. To address this issue, we performed a comprehensive immunogenetic and virologic analysis of nasopharyngeal and peripheral blood samples obtained during the acute phase of infection with SARS-CoV-2. We found that soluble and transcriptional markers of systemic inflammation peaked during the first week after symptom onset and correlated directly with the upper airways viral loads (UA-VLs), whereas the contemporaneous frequencies of circulating viral nucleocapsid (NC)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells correlated inversely with various inflammatory markers and UA-VLs. In addition, we observed high frequencies of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in acutely infected nasopharyngeal tissue, many of which expressed genes encoding various effector molecules, such as cytotoxic proteins and IFN-γ. The presence of functionally active T cells in the infected epithelium was further linked with common patterns of gene expression among virus-susceptible target cells and better local control of SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, these results identified an immune correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2, which could inform the development of more effective vaccines to combat the acute and chronic illnesses attributable to COVID-19.
Using Semi-Automatically Annotation System on Medical Entity Recognition
Authors: Tung Chia-Ming , Huang Jing-Rung , Cai Jia-Chun , Lu Wen-Hsiang
Published: November 2022

It is more and more common that people ask questions on the web and seek suggestion before visiting medical institutions. These corpus resources may be valuable for further research on natural languages processing for Medicine. Amazon provided a service called “Amazon Comprehend Medical” that could help medical experts to extract six kinds of the important terms from the articles. In this research, we proposed a medical entity recognition model to identify ten medical entity terms. A semi-auto annotation system was also developed to extract medical entity terms from the questions. The expected result shows that the annotation system could reduce 40% labeling time and provides a tagging interface to add medical entity terms manually.
Effects of climate and anthropogenic changes on future variability in flows in the So’o River Basin (South of Cameroon)
Authors: Ebode Valentin Brice
Published: November 2022

Due to climate and environmental changes, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced several drought and flood events in recent decades with serious consequences on the economy of the sub-region. In this context, the region needs to enhance its capacity in water resources management, based on reliable forecasts. The objective of this article was to study ​​the evolution future (near (2022-2060) and distant (2061-2100)) flows in the So’o River Basin (SRB) in Cameroon. The Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov was used to predict the future land cover evolution of the basin, and the outputs of two regional climate models-RCMs (RCA4 and CCCma) were used to predict the future climate in the basin. Distribution mapping was used for correcting precipitation and temperature biases in the outputs of the climate models used. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the future flows in the SRB. The results obtained show that a change in precipitation in line with the predictions of the CCCma model will lead to a decrease in river discharge in the basin, except under the RCP8.5 scenario during the second period (2061-2100), where will note an increase compared to the historical period of approximately +4%. It is projected that the decrease in precipitation and river discharge will occur mostly in the autumn months during 2020s, 2040s and 2070s. Results from the RCA4 model project an increase in precipitation which will lead to an increase in river discharge by more than +50%, regardless of the period and the scenario considered. In general, this increase will be greater during the dry seasons (winter and summer), while the decades at the end of the century (2080 to 2100) will be the wettest. An increase in discharges was noted in some cases despite a drop in rainfall, particularly in the case of discharges simulated for the second period (2061-2100) from the outputs of the CCCma model. This seems to be a consequence of the increase in impervious spaces, all the more the runoff increases during this period according to the model. Results from this study could be used to enhance water resources management in the basin investigated and the region.
Dapagliflozin restores diabetes-associated decline in vasculogenic capacity of endothelial progenitor cells via activating AMPK-mediated inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Luo Lifang , Dong Bing , Zhang Jianning , Qiu Yumin , Liu Xiaolin , Zhou Zhe , He Jiang , Zhang Xiaoyu , Chen Long , Xia Wenhao
Published: November 2022

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) provide added vascular protection beyond glucose lowering to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are an important endogenous repair mechanism for diabetic vascular complications. Yet, whether SGLT2i protect vessels in diabetic patients by improving the function of EPCs remains to be elucidated.
Methods: Sixty-three T2DM patients and 60 healthy participants were enrolled, and 15 of T2DM group took dapagliflozin for 3 months. Retinal capillary density (RCD) was examined before and after meditation. Moreover, vasculogenic capacity of EPCs cocultured with or without dapagliflozin in vitro and in vivo (hind limb ischemia model) were assessed. Mechanically, genes related to inflammation/oxidative stress, and the AMPK signaling of EPCs were determined.
Results: T2DM demonstrated a declined RCD and a decreased number of circulating EPCs compared with healthy controls. Compared with the EPCs from healthy individuals, vasculogenic capacity of T2DM EPCs was significantly impaired, which could be restored by dapagliflozin meditation or dapagliflozin coculture. Increased expression of inflammation correlative genes and decreased anti-oxidative stress related genes expression were found in EPCs form T2DM, which were accompanied with reduced phosphorylation level of AMPK. Dapagliflozin treatment activated AMPK signaling, decreased the level of inflammation and oxidative stress, and rescued vasculogenic capacity of EPCs from T2DM. Furthermore, AMPK inhibitor pretreatment diminished the enhancement vasculogenic capacity of diabetic EPCs from dapagliflozin treatment.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that dapagliflozin restores vasculogenic capacity of EPCs via activating AMPK-mediated inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in T2DM. Keywords: T2DM; Dapagliflozin; EPCs; Vasculogenesis; AMPK signaling
Cultural reproduction in the education system: balance of traditions and innovations in the new digital reality
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Chita, Namzhilova E.
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the study of existing approaches to the reproduction of culture in the education system. At present, the problems of cultural reproduction in the education system are of particular relevance due to the accelerating pace of changes in society. Unification of cultures and way of life leads to the threat of loss of traditional values along with the acquisition of new ones. In such conditions, one of the main guarantors of the traditions preservation, that is, the reproduction of traditional cultural values remains the education system. At the same time, the rapid change in the educational space associated with the digital revolution is causing changes in the role of educational institutions as a translator of traditions. All these factors actualize the development of a new approach to the reproduction of culture and its research. The object of the research is cultural reproduction in the education system; the subject of the research is the features of cultural reproduction in the education system in modern conditions. The purpose of the study is to identify possible approaches to the reproduction of cultural values in modern conditions. The research objectives are to study the main approaches to cultural reproduction in the educational system; to identify contradictions between existing approaches and the reality of the modern educational space; to determine the relevance of developing a new approach to the reproduction of culture in the educational system. Synergetic and diachronic approaches are the methodological basis of the study and allow us to analyze the processes of culture change over time. General scientific methods (theoretical analysis, systematization, generalization, analysis of sources on the topic) made it possible to identify the development of methodological approaches to the study of cultural reproduction and put forward a position on the need to develop a new approach. Having analyzed the existing methodological approaches to the study of the reproduction of culture in the education system and having studied the problem of the loss of traditional cultural values, the author proposes the development of a new approach based on the reproduction of cultural heritage in the education system in the new digital reality
Rusophobia narrative as the tool of political influencе (Part II)
Authors:   North-Caucasus State Academy, Cherkessk, Napsо M.
Published: November 2022

In article the essence of Rusophobia is considered, the demand of Rusophobia narrative is shown by modern sociopolitical and economic realities. The importance Rusophobia trend in the politics of the West European states is underlined. The mechanisms of using Russophobia to achieve specific political and economic goals are disclosed. The conditions of Russophobia's transformation into a systemic trend, into the ideology of the elites and the practice of everyday life are examined. The role of liberalism in the spread of Russophobia is revealed and the characteristics of modern "liberal imperialism" appealing to the Russophobic narrative are given. The evolution of "Russian" Russophobia is traced, the influence of liberal attitudes and mythologemes on the process of its formation among a certain part of the Russian political, economic and cultural intelligentsia is shown. The mechanisms of introducing Russophobia into individual and mass consciousness are revealed, and the role of social structures of different nature  informational, media, sociocultural, as well as practices of manipulating the collective consciousness  in these processes is emphasized. The ideology, politics and ethics of Western pragmatism are investigated, and its role in implanting and spreading Russophobic sentiments is revealed. The social essence of derusification is analyzed and different forms of its manifestations are examined. Attention is focused on the phenomenon of patriotism and the analysis of factors contributing to its actualization is given. The phenomenon of Russophobia is the object of research, the subject of the research is the meaning and peculiarities of the influence of Russophobia as a tool of socio-political influence. The purpose of the research is to analyze the essence of Russophobic narrative, to reveal the essence of negative and destructive consequences caused by it. The realization of the goal is carried out on the basis of the methodological principles of objectivity and concreteness, the use of systematic and comparative approaches.
INVESTMENT SUPPORT FOR THE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TRANSBAIKAL REGION
Authors:   Institute of Natural Resources, Ecology and Cryology SB RAS, Chita, Alekseev А.
Published: November 2022

Agriculture is an industry that ensures the national security of the country, as well as its interests, while reducing dependence on other countries. Active investment in agriculture is the main lever for the development of this industry. The object of research in the work is agriculture of the Transbaikal Region. The subject of the research is the features and socio-economic conditions of investment activity in agriculture of the Transbaikal Region. The development of agriculture in the regions is determined by a number of factors, including increasing the investment attractiveness of the industry. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to assess the investment support for the development of agriculture in the Transbaikal Region, identify the main problems and develop proposals to improve the efficiency of the investments’ use. The objectives of the research are to study the dynamics of the development of agriculture in the region; to identify the main dynamic trends of investment in the industry; determining the impact of investments on the economic dynamics (growth) of agriculture, as well as determining the main problems and features of investment processes in the industry. The paper reveals that the agriculture of the region is not very attractive for private investors, and the low profitability and unprofitability of agricultural organizations does not allow financing investments at the expense of profit. Therefore, state support today remains the main source of survival of agricultural organizations in the Transbaikal Region. However, there are grounds to assume that state support is ineffective. Currently, subsidies and compensations represent a kind of lever by which the state attempts to keep unprofitable farms "afloat", but their number continues to grow. With such a nature of state support, low production efficiency is preserved, and there are no hopes for the creation of modern agriculture. The methodology and methods of the research are based on the application of economic and statistical research methods, official data of the Federal State Statistics Service
ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ ВОСПОМИНАНИЯО БУДУЩЕМ В ТРАГЕДИЯХЕВРИПИДА И СОФОКЛА ОБ АНТИГОНЕ
Authors: В.К. Пичугина
Published: November 2022

Трагедии Еврипида «Финикиянки» и Софокла «Антигона» рассматриваются как тексты, потенциально открытые для изучения особенностей античной педагогической культуры, дававшей импульс для развития античной интеллектуальной культуры. Главными героями трагедий являются взрослые дети Эдипа, которые, проходя через многочисленные жизненные испытания, продолжают желать вразумляться только через собственные страдания. Через столкновение своих и чужих, живых и мертвых, правых и виноватых драматурги демонстрируют особенности пространственно-временных координат, которые задает себе и другим главная героиня — дочь Эдипа Антигона. Ее родные Фивы превращаются в город, где потомки Эдипа создают особое поле интеллектуальной напряженности.

Euripides’ “Phoenissae” and Sophocles’ “Antigone” are considered to be open to study the characteristics of the ancient pedagogical culture that gave impulse to the development of ancient intellectual culture. The main characters of the tragedies are Oedipus's adult children who, having coped with different troubles in their lives, continue to want to be warned only by their suffering. The playwrights demonstrate the features of the space-time coordinates which are asked by the protagonist, the daughter of Oedipus Antigone. The playwrights do it with the help of the collisions of living and dead, innocent and guilty. The native city of Antigone, Thebes, is a special field of intellectual tension, which create the descendants of Oedipus.
ПОСОБИЕ КОМЕНСКОГО VESTIBULUM В РУССКОЯЗЫЧНОМ РЕГИОНЕ: К ИСТОРИИ ПЕРВЫХ ПЕРЕВОДОВ
Authors: В.Г. Безрогов
Published: November 2022

В работе прослежены первые этапы истории знакомства и рецепции учебного пособия Яна Амоса Коменского «Преддверие» (Vestibulum), начиная с 1640-х годов, через 15 лет после его создания самим Коменским. Публикуется один из наиболее ранних русских переводов первых страниц Vestibulum’a, выполненный с учебными и издательскими целями. Установлено, что публикуемый перевод 1720-х гг. опирается на какое-то из печатных двуязычных латино-немецких изданий 1670-х – 1700-х годов, которое по тексту следовало лейпцигской версии 1636 года. Эти издания применялись в начале XVIII века в так называемых «немецких школах» в Москве некоторыми из работавших там учителей. Сохранившиеся пометы и записи на печатных экземплярах, наличие рукописных переводов Vestibulum’a свидетельствуют о его активной рецепции в России, но печатного издания русского «Преддверия» так и не состоялось.

The article traces the first stages of the history of acquaintance and reception of the textbook Vestibulum written by Jan Amos Komensky. It was starting from the 1640s, 15 years after the first original edition. One of the earliest Russian translations of the first pages of Vestibulum which is being published in the article, was created for educational and publishing purposes. This handwritten translation had been made at the very beginning of the 1720s from the bilingual Latin-German editions printed in the 1670s – 1700s, used the Leipzig 1636 version. These schoolbooks were used in Moscow in the early 18th century in the so-called German schools by some of the teachers who worked there. One can see in the surviving Russian glosses and marginalia on printed copies and in handwritten translations of the Vestibulum the active reception of the manual in Russia. Unfortunately, the printed Russian edition of the Vestibulum has not taken place.
ПСИХОСОМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ЕДИНСТВООРГАНИЗМА ЧЕЛОВЕКАВ МЕДИЦИНЕ ГАЛЕНАНА ПРИМЕРЕ ТРАКТАТА«ОБ УЧЕНИЯХ ГИППОКРАТА И ПЛАТОНА»
Authors: Д.А. Балалыкин , Н.П. Шок
Published: November 2022

В работе рассмотрено одно из основных положений медицинских взглядов Галена, касающееся восприятия человеческого организма как единого целого. Трактат «Об учениях Гиппократа и Платона» подтверждает, что общее представление о физиологии человеческого тела и принципах общей патологии, развиваемое Галеном, основано на понимании им человеческого организма как единства духовного и телесного. По мнению Галена, в учениях Гиппократа и Платона содержатся эпистемологические основы верного понимания медицины, которые он умело соединяет в своей теоретико-практической системе (от подходов к анатомо-физиологическому устройству до теории общей патологии и психосоматического единства организма человека).

The article reviews one of the basic concepts of Galen’s understanding of medicine that concerns his perception of the human body as a whole. His treatise “De Placitis Hippocratis et Platonis” is representative of the fact that the general idea of human body physiology explored by Galen is based on his perception of the human body as a unity of the spiritual and the corporeal. According to Galen, the doctrines of Hippocrates and Plato encapsulate the epistemological framework of the proper understanding of medicine, and he successfully integrates its elements in his theory and practice (which vary from the approaches to physiology and anatomy to the theory of general pathology and psychosomatic unity of the human body).
MOVEMENT AND MATTERIN ARISTOTLE’S PHYSICS AND GALILEI’S MECHANICS
Authors: П.П. Гайденко
Published: November 2022

В статье рассматриваются два центральных понятия натурфилософии — движения и материи. Показана та эволюция, которую они претерпевают на протяжении двух тысячелетий, начиная с Аристотеля и заканчивая Кантом. Особое внимание уделено проблеме причины движения, отказ от которой послужил поворотной точкой при переходе от античного к современному естествознанию.

This article has a deal with two main concepts of natural philosophy: motion and matter. The evolution of these concepts is the subject of discussion started from Aristotle and ended with Kant. The special attention in the article is paid to the problem of the cause of motion, the rejection of the idea of mover is a turning point in the development of the modern natural science.
В.Ф. АСМУС И АНДРЕЙ БЕЛЫЙВ 1936 ГОДУ
Authors: В.В. Петров
Published: November 2022

Аннотация: В фокусе публикации — речь советского философа В.Ф. Асмуса, с которой он выступил в редакции журнала «Знамя» 31 августа 1936 г., через несколько дней после Первого московского процесса, на котором были приговорены к смерти и расстреляны 16 членов так называемой «объединенной оппозиции». Асмус посвятил свое выступление разоблачению “контрреволюционной” деятельности тогда уже покойного теоретика символизма Андрея Белого. Выдвинутые обвинения базировались на надуманной и предвзятой интерпретации публикаций тридцатилетней давности, печатавшихся Белым и его соратниками в символистском журнале «Весы» (1904–1009). Показано, что В.Ф. Асмус интерпретирует литературно-критические статьи Белого как политическую полемику; при этом он атрибутирует Белому публикации других авторов и намеренно искажает факты. В контексте политической ситуации 1930-х годов обсуждаются биографии и мотивы лиц, причастных к работе над опубликованным в серии «Литературное наследство» томом, посвященным наследию А. Блока, В. Брюсова и Андрея Белого (1938). Отмечено, что в опубликованной там статье Асмус, обсуждая литературный журнал «Весы», сознательно переключает разговор на сборник политической публицистики «Вехи», который был подготовлен другой группой авторов и не имел к «Весам» отношения. Подобная подстановка дает ему возможность перевести свою критику в политическую плоскость.

The article treats the speech by the Soviet philosopher Valentin Asmus, that was delivered during the meeting held at the office of “Znamya” literary magazine in August 31, 1936, just several days after the First Moscow Trial, at which 16 members of so-called “united opposition” were sentenced to death and executed. Asmus’s speech was devoted to exposing the “counter-revolutionary” activities of the then-deceased theoretician of symbolism Andrei Bely. Accusations were based on an analysis of Bely’s and his associates’ publications made 30 years earlier in a symbolist magazine “Vesy” (1904-1909). These charges were artfully rigged and were mostly false. The biographies of persons involved in this event are examined, together with their motives and careers.
ЧУВСТВО ИСТОРИИ В «ТОЛКОВАНИИ НА ОТКРОВЕНИЕ СВ. ИОАННА БОГОСЛОВА» БЕДЫ ДОСТОЧТИМОГО
Authors: М.Р. Ненарокова
Published: November 2022

Статья посвящена первому труду Беды Досточтимого — «Толкованию на Откровение св. Иоанна». Трактат представляет собой сложное жанровое образование. Это и комментарий к единственной пророческой книге Нового Завета, и одновременно первый опыт исторического описания судеб Вселенской Церкви. Руководствуясь правилами античной риторики, Беда создает комментарии к отдельным словам, словосочетаниям, стихам «Откровения» Иоанна Богослова, соединяя короткие, замкнутые фрагменты в единое повествование. Цель Беды состояла в передаче в своем разъясняющем тексте хода истории. Беда находит различные способы, чтобы показать протяженность времени: упоминание библейских имен и реалий, исторических лиц, фактов, событий, представлений. Он пользуется такими художественными средствами, как риторический вопрос, краткое повторение изложенного, введение сквозных образов. Текст, созданный Бедой, обращен к памяти читателя, побуждает его при чтении создавать в уме параллельный, неписанный, текст из аллюзий на Библию, святоотеческие и исторические сочинения.

The article is devoted to the first work of the Venerable Bede’s “Commentary upon the Revelation of St. John”. The treatise is a complex genre formation. This is both a commentary on the only prophetic book of the New Testament, and at the same time the first description of the history of the Catholic Church. Guided by the rules of ancient rhetoric, Bede creates comments on separate words, phrases, and verses of the Revelation of St. John the Theologian, uniting short, complete fragments into a single narrative. Bede’s purpose was to convey the course of history in the text of his commentary. Bede finds various ways to demonstrate the duration of time: the mention of biblical names and realia, historical figures, facts, events, ideas. Bede used such artistic means as a rhetorical question, a brief recapitulation of what was said, the introduction of cross-cutting images. The text created by Beda is addressed to the memory of the reader, encouraging him, while reading, to create in his mind a parallel unwritten text, consisting of allusions to the Bible, patristic and historical writings.