bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations Among Depression, Leisure-time and Occupational Physical Activity of Health Care Providers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital Setting
Authors: Aliyu E.S. , Adeniyi A.F.
Published: April 2021

Physical activity (PA) has been consistently associated with enhanced quality of life. The tight schedule of duty of health care workers may predispose them to physical inactivity and psychosocial morbidities which most of them tend to ignore while rendering services to others. The prevalence of depression among Nigerian health care workers and its association with PA is not known. This study investigated the levels of leisure-time and occupational PA and their association with depression among health care providers in a Nigerian tertiary hospital setting. The research was a cross-sectional survey of 734 health care providers. The Godin-Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, Occupational Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale were used to assess leisure-time PA, occupational PA and depression respectively. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at α= 0.05. The mean age of participants was 39.6 ± 9.4 years (range 22-57 years). Nearly half of the health care providers (46.2%) reported low participation or insufficient leisure-time PA that could provide substantial health benefits, while 20.2% participated in leisure-time PA that could give some health benefits and 33.7% participated in leisure-time PA that could give substantial health benefits. Sitting/standing were the main occupational PAs of the majority (96.2%) of the health workers. The overall prevalence for depression was 11.4%. There was a significant association between leisure-time PA and depression (χ2 =18.9, p= 0.016). There was no significant association between occupational PA and depression. There is low participation in leisure-time PA among health care workers and this is linked with depression. Efforts to improve participation in leisure-time PA among workers may help to relieve their depression symptoms.

KEY WORDS: leisure time, occupation, physical activity, depression
Nutritional and anti-nutritional analyses of Hura crepitans seeds cultivated in Sokoto North L.G.A, North-North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Hassan L.G. , Sokoto A.M. , Ngaski M.A. , Anka S.A. , Chanchang B.M. , Umar K.J. , Ogbiko C
Published: April 2021

The proximate, minerals constituents and anti-nutritional factors of Hura crepitans seeds were evaluated. The results of the proximate analysis showed that 3.13%, 4.00%, 7.83%, 33.17%, 17.30%, 8.17%, 29.53% were the percentage composition of moisture, ash, crude lipid, crude protein, fibre and carbohydrate respectively. The calorific value was obtained to be 485.85±7.22 kJ/kg. The anti-nutritional analysis showed that phytate had the highest concentration of 20.28±0.90 while oxalate has the lowest concentration of 0.017±0.15 mg/100g dry weight respectively. The mineral analysis of Hura crepitans seed also indicates that K has the highest value of 238.33 mg/100g dry weight while Cd with a value 0.71±0.01 mg/100g dry weight has the least. The result shows that the H. crepitans seeds if properly utilized can serve as good source of minerals.Keywords: Anti-nutritional, Hura crepitans, Proximate, Mineral, Nutritional
Re-fashioning African Studies in an Information Technology Driven World for Africa's Transformation
Authors: Akolgo J O
Published: April 2021

The African Studies programme, launched in the University of Ghana by Ghana's first president, was for “students to know and understand their roots, inherited past traditions, norms and lore (and to) re-define the African personality” and the “inculcation of time honoured African values of truthfulness, humanness, rectitude and honour …and ultimately ensure a more just and orderly African society” Sackey (2014:225). These and other principles constitute some of the cardinal goals of the programme in both public and private universities in Ghana. Considering tertiary education as both a public and private enterprise, this paper seeks to enrich the discourse on African Studies by taking a retrospection of the subject and investigated university students' perceptions of the discipline among public and privately funded spheres. Adopting a qualitative approach, the paper interviewed students on the relevance of the discipline in a contemporary information technology driven world. The outcome of such interrogation was that African Studies is even more relevant in the era of globalization than it might have been in immediate post independent Africa. It concludes by unraveling how the discipline can be re-fashioned for Africa's transformation.
A prospective study of the factors affecting access to equitable surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda
Authors: Kiswezi Ahmed , Munyaneza Robert , Karenzi David , Inyange Sylvie
Published: April 2021

Background: Access to equitable surgical care significantly reduces morbidity and mortality from traumatic injuries, abdominal, extra-abdominal, acquired and congenital conditions. In Rwanda, like many other developing countries, there are is a wide range of factors affecting access to surgical care across the different levels of health care delivery. The main objective of this study was to document the factors affecting access to surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda. Methods: This prospective observational study randomly selected 5 of the 11 district hospitals in the province. The other health unit included was the regional referral hospital for the province, Butare (CHUB). The variables tested included surgical capacity, timeliness, safety, and affordability, for all the included health units in the province. The lists of elective surgical patients, compared with the lists of operated patients over a period of six months, were used to indicate the performance and outputs to surgical access for the various health units in this study. In addition, 5 patient interviews were conducted at each health unit, from patients who were randomly selected, from both the surgical outpatients and the surgical wards. They were questioned regarding their views to surgical care access. Percentages were used to indicate the extent of the challenges to surgical access. Results: The lack of adequate surgical staff was the commonest challenge to surgical access (75% for the district hospitals, and10% for the regional referral hospital) identified. At the regional referral hospital (CHUB), limited operating theatre space was a challenge in 50% of the cases. This was followed by the limited number of specialists and sub-specialties rated at 10%, and limited anesthetic plus ICU facilities rated at 10%. The other challenge was the issue of affordability for the consumables required, rated at 10% The average surgical output and the pending (representing unmet need), calculated from the elective waiting lists for a period of 6 months, indicated that the number of operated patients were rated at 75 %, and an unmet need of surgical access of 25% for CHUB; while for the district hospitals it was 63% with an unmet need of 37%. The patients’ views also pointed at challenges of limited surgical services at the district hospital (70%), and affordability (30%). Conclusions: Access to surgical care in the Southern Province of Rwanda was affected by the limited number of specialists and doctors with the minimum skills to carry out non-specialized operations at the district hospitals, the limited operating theatre facilities, limited sub-specialist services, and specialized investigations. Keywords: surgical care; access; challenges; capacity; safety; affordability; timing
Artistic Activism in Nigeria Art: A Course, a Cause
Authors: Otu J , Oladesu J , Sani BS
Published: April 2021

This paper saliently criticizes the thrust of a large number of visual arts of painting and sculpture produced in Nigeria. It is important to note that though some of the artists mentioned in this study make political cartoons that subversively quiz the nation’s politicians and appointees, such artists instead attempts at pleasing their patrons. However, the body of works produced to challenge governance that are equally bought continue to decrease. This article attempts at revealing an insensitivity relying on Chinua Achebe’s assertion on art practice of various platforms that leaves man with his throes without open rebuke.
Critical Themes in Some Nigerian Diaspora Short Stories
Authors: Ajima M
Published: April 2021

The current spate of migrations of Nigerians to other parts of the world such as Europe, the United States of America and South Africa has been of concern to many. Of recent, several migrants and those who have close insight into migrant experiences have been writing of migrants lives in diverse forms of literature. These writings have provided insight into Nigerian migration issues. The article uses postcolonial theory in studying critical themes in some Nigeria diaspora short stories in order to understand issues surrounding migrant life both abroad and at home in Nigeria. The article identifies about four critical themes that are common to most diaspora short stories such as reasons that prompt migration, perception versus reality of overseas countries, sexual issues of migrants, and racism faced by migrants abroad. The article finds that experiences migrants go through brings them to a point of recognition of the harsh realities of life in foreign countries. These conditions force them to become nostalgic of home, resilient in their attitude to life, and sometimes to decide on returning home. The article suggests that migrants and governing authorities could do more to improve social conditions at home which in effect would go a long way in stemming the high tide of migration out of the country.Key Words: bigamy, critical, diaspora, Migrants.
Caught, clubbed and burnt: criminological reflections on the incidence of jungle justice in Benin Metropolis, southern Nigeria
Authors: Barr Emmanuel Imuetinyan Obarisiagbon
Published: April 2021

All over Southern Nigeria, incidents of people taking the law into their hands and meting out instant justice on suspected criminals without recourse to the rule of law and the position of Section 33 (1) of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria abound. This motivation for participation in jungle justice was therefore explored. A combination of both qualitative and quantitative techniques was employed to collect data from six hundred and fifteen respondents. A descriptive analysis of the quantitative data collected was undertaken, using frequency distribution while the qualitative data were content analysed. Findings from this study reveal that motivation for jungle justice was multifaceted. Illiteracy, lack of trust on the police, flaccid court system, chronic anger due to economic situation and disregard for the rule of law and human right were some of the motivation for the alarming incidence of the social phenomenon. Based on the findings of this study, there is the need to overhaul the criminal justice processes with a view to boosting the confidence of the public in its activities and also embark on a teaching on no violence and the ills of jungle justice.Keywords: Jungle justice, court, police, human rights
Le réalisme dans Allah n’est pas obligé d’Ahmadou Kourouma
Authors: Muotoo Chukwunonso Hyacinth
Published: April 2021

Ahmadou Kourouma est l’un des écrivains africains prolifiques qui à travers leurs oeuvres littéraires, nous expose à la réalité africaine surtout celle de l’époque post-indépendante et dans une mesure la société contemporaine. En tant qu’auteur ivoirien, il a beaucoup influencé la littérature de la période post-indépendante d’une façon extraordinaire avec son réalisme. Il est différent des autres auteurs à cause de son originalité qui est de notre éloge. Il n’est pas là pour distraire ses destinataires mais pour les engager. Le but de la présente étude est d’examiner le réalisme comme il se manifeste dans Allah n’est pas obligé d’Ahmadou Kourouma.Mots clés: Le réalisme, réalité, réalité africaine, Allah n’est pas obligé, Ahmadou KouroumaEnglish AbstractAhmadou Kourouma is one of the prolific African writers who in their literary works expose us to African realities, more especially of the post independent era and to an extent, the contemporary society. His works on realism have made tremendous impact on African literatures of the post independent era. The purpose of this study is to examine realism as portrayed in Ahmadou Kourouma’s Allah n’est pas obligé.Keywords: Realism, reality, African reality, Allah n’est pas obligé, Ahmadou Kourouma
Narrativas Autobiográficas em uma Experiência de Estágio Supervisionado: Vozes de um Professor-Supervisor e de um Estagiário na Criação e Aplicação de uma Metodologia Ativa (CRIE)
Authors: Silva Ulisses Dias da , O’Neil Lucas Machado
Published: April 2021

Este artigo é construído em torno das narrativas autobiográficas dos dois autores - o professor-supervisor de estágio e o estagiário - em seu exercício de criação, discussão e aperfeiçoamento de uma metodologia de ensino ativa, aplicada em duas turmas de sétimo ano do ensino fundamental de um colégio público federal do município do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia desenvolvida, denominada CRIE – Crítica, Resolução, Interpretação e Experimentação –, é baseada em grupos especializados e se utiliza de rotações de estações com atribuição de funções para cada membro do grupo. Utilizando o método das narrativas autobiográficas, busca-se compreender como a interação profissional entre professor-supervisor e estagiário pôde beneficiar os dois mutuamente, com impactos para a relação desenvolvida entre os sujeitos e para a formação deles, com potenciais ganhos para as/os estudantes.
Lesson Study: Contribuições para Formação de Professores que Ensinam Matemática
Authors: Curi Edda
Published: April 2021

A finalidade deste artigo é apresentar contribuições para a formação de professores que ensinam Matemática a partir do uso da metodologia Lesson Study. Baseia-se em ações de formação continuada de professores que atuam na Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, no contexto de um projeto de pesquisa com apoio Unesco. Entre os resultados, destacam-se que a referida metodologia potencializa é potencializada por elementos essenciais na formação de professores, como a constituição de grupos colaborativos, a investigação sobre a própria prática, a reflexão individual e coletiva “na e sobre” as ações educativas e o uso de materiais curriculares. Os resultados mostram, ainda, que a inclusão da etapa de formação de formadores permite ampliar o uso da Lesson Study para conjuntos de escolas de uma mesma rede de ensino, o que faz com que essa metodologia extrapole seu uso em pesquisas e possa ser utilizada como política pública para a formação de professores.
A Constituição Docente e os Saberes (Re)construídos a partir de Narrativas de Professores de Ciências e Matemática em Formação Continuada
Authors: Marques Dos Santos Rafael , Wirzbicki Sandra Maria , Bonotto Danusa de Lara
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo defendemos a produção de narrativas no âmbito da formação continuada como instrumento formativo que possibilita a reflexão sobre a/para a/na prática pedagógica. Objetivamos identificar os saberes docentes expressos nas narrativas na forma de memoriais descritivos e entrevistas de professores de Ciências e Matemática em formação continuada pertencentes a um coletivo formativo, bem como compreender as contribuições das narrativas para a constituição docente. Para tal, realizamos a Análise de Conteúdo de 20 narrativas produzidas pelos professores participantes da formação. Na análise estabelecemos duas categorias a priori: 1) Formação Continuada de Professores: Elemento importante para a constituição docente; e 2) As reflexões sobre a prática docente e os saberes (re)construídos e manifestos nas narrativas. Evidenciamos que a Formação Continuada possibilitou a escrita reflexiva por meio da qual os professores atribuíram significado ao que foi vivenciado, constituindo saberes críticos e reflexivos, possibilitando, também, (re)construírem os saberes num movimento de aprendizagem docente.
Lesson Study in Matematics: Means, Aims and Obstacles
Authors: Winsløw Carl
Published: April 2021

This paper, reflecting my talk at the XIIth summer workshop in mathematics,  has three related aims: (1) to give a concise introduction to the phenomenon called "Lesson Study", particularly in mathematics, based on a selection of scientific literature and the authors' experience (mainly from Japan and Denmark); (2) to discuss the potentials of lesson study and some of the obstacles which the activity has met when transferred to schools outside of Japan; (3) to introduce and briefly discuss a research question which has been latent in research on Lesson Study since the late 1990's, and that is currently being addressed in the framework of the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic.
A Necessária Mudança de Foco na Formação de Professores de e que Ensinam Matemática: Discussão de Tarefas para a Formação e o Desenvolvimento do Conhecimento Interpretativo
Authors: Ribeiro Miguel , Gibim Gabriela , Alves Carla
Published: April 2021

Considera-se o conhecimento do professor como sendo especializado, para a sua atuação docente no que tange ao conhecimento do conteúdo e ao conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo. Assumindo que cada área profissional demanda um conhecimento específico, a formação de professores deverá preocupar-se com as especificidades desse conhecimento para formar profissionais. Para que os alunos entendam, o professor deverá assumir como ponto de partida, para as discussões, o que os alunos já conhecem e como conhecem, o que demanda um conhecimento matemático específico que denominamos de Conhecimento Interpretativo. Este texto discute a necessidade e a importância de uma mudança de foco na formação de professores com vistas a capacitar profissionais para uma atuação docente que busque desenvolver o entendimento matemático dos alunos. Com esse fito, apresenta-se e discute-se uma tarefa para a formação que tem por objetivo desenvolver o Conhecimento Interpretativo de (futuros) professores no âmbito das frações.
Uma Proposta de Atividade com Feedbacks Automáticos no GeoGebra
Authors: Nóbriga Jorge Cássio Costa , Dantas Sérgio Cazzaredo
Published: April 2021

Apresentamos uma proposta de atividade para ser feita na plataforma GeoGebra e que contém exercícios com feedbacks automáticos. A motivação para o desenvolvimento de tal atividade parte do fato de sabermos que as atividades em contexto de ensino remoto precisam oferecer condições de trabalho com mais autonomia pelo estudante. Para fundamentarmos a proposta, primeiramente, apresentamos uma breve revisão sobre feedback em contextos educativos. Em seguida, apresentamos orientações sobre a elaboração de questões objetivas. Na seção seguinte, apresentamos um estudo sobre erros de estudantes na resolução de equações polinomiais de 2º grau. Finalmente, apresentamos a atividade, explicitando como funciona, quais feedbacks possui, quando aparecem e algumas orientações de como pode ser feita. Embora não se tenha feito ainda uma análise sistemática a respeito das contribuições da atividade para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, os primeiros experimentos apontam que o uso de atividades como essa pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento da aprendizagem em situações de ensino remoto.
Restorative Justice for Survivors of Sexual Abuse
Authors: Marinari Angela
Published: April 2021

Integral to sexual abuse survivors' healing is understanding the nature of their abuse. Drawing on interviews, this book gives a voice to survivors and illuminates how restorative justice processes can meet their justice needs. With a unique focus on the people around the survivor rather than on the abuser, it addresses the harm caused to survivors by those who enable their abuse, who fail to protect them, or fail to believe them. Marinari offers radical solutions for the development of restorative justice programs and policy initiatives, including practical guidelines for practitioners, and new directions for academic research.
Factors determining the efficacy of radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Stolyarova O. Y. , Paliy M. I. , Dumansky Y. V. , Synyachenko O. V. , Yermolayeva M. V.
Published: April 2021

Background. Prostate cancer (PC) ranks first in the structure of oncological pathology in men, being the second leading cause of cancer death and having 30 % as the five-year survival rate. Radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer has great potential for enhancement.

Purpose – to evaluate the efficacy of RT in patients with prostate cancer and highlight the clinical and laboratory factors determining it.

Materials and methods. The study enrolled 195 men with prostate cancer aged 52 to 82 years. The duration from the moment of diagnosis of the disease averaged 3 years. The Gleason score parameters were 6 points on average, the ratio of peripheral to central tumor form was 3:1, adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 94 % of cases, giant cell carcinoma – in 6 %.

Results. On average, recurring neoplasm is observed in 40 % of the patients with prostate cancer 2.5 years after radical prostatectomy combined with different methods of radiation therapy, which is associated with the initial indicators of the Gleason score, shape, localization and expansion of the tumor process, the presence of comorbid papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder, metastases in the lymph nodes, distant viscera and the skeleton, while the power and direction of radiation exposure influence such radiotherapy complications as dermatitis, polyneuropathy, acute vascular insufficiency and tubulointerstitial nephritis.

Conclusions. Developing the medical technology for RT in patients with prostate cancer to reduce the effect of prognostically unfavorable treatment factors is essential.
2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz Frequency Bands Reconfigurable Fractal Antenna for Wearable Devices using ANN
Authors: Ambigapathy Sivabalan , Paramasivam Jothilakshmi
Published: April 2021

Patch antenna is being used widely in wearable and implantable devices due to its lightweight characteristics. Multi-band patch antenna designs are possible by incorporating professional naturally inspired fractal pattern generating methodologies. Automated Frequency Characteristics Analyzer (AFCA), Artificial Neural Network based Fractal Pattern Generator (AFPG) and Nitinol based Pattern Selector (NPS) functional
modules are proposed in this work to design a Dual band Reconfigurable Fractal Antenna for Wearable Devices (DRFA). Producing a miniature fractal patch antenna to
support famed 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz frequency bands with lesser than 20db return loss is the objective of this work. Numerous fractal patterns are generated with the help of AFPG and their frequency responses are analyzed by Ansys HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) through AFCA module. The results are provided to the AFPG part to train the neural network with proper biasing updates. The fitness function is set to the dimension restriction of 3000 square μm with less than 20 return loss at commonly used 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz. The feed type and length of the patches are also fine-tuned by the proposed AFPG module.
Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ternak Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif di Kelompok Ternak Sapi Potong Sido Makmur Umbulsari Jember
Authors: Nurkholis Nurkholis , Nusantoro Suluh , Awaludin Aan , Adhyatma M. , Djuni Bagus
Published: April 2021

The sustainability of the livestock business does not only depend on the success of the maintenance system which aims at increasing productivity, but also on the ability to process the resulting livestock waste. Livestock waste is the main source of quality degradation for the environment, this occurs due to the presence of ammonia and methane gas which is formed from the decomposition of organic matter. Ammonia along with other gases can cause acid rain, while methane gas causes a greenhouse effect. This community service partner is a farmer who is part of the "Sido Makmur" beef cattle group in Umbulrejo village, Umbulsari sub-district, Jember district. The purpose of this community service activity is to transfer knowledge and technology regarding livestock waste processing to be used as biogas. The selection of waste treatment topics is based on a situation analysis of the "Sido Makmur" livestock group. The results of the situation analysis show that generally livestock manure is not processed and is left around the stables and there are some group members who have difficulty buying LPG fuel because it is considered quite expensive. The implementation of the service consists of several activitie, the first was outreach activities, demonstrations / practices and assistance of community service activities. The results of the community service survey which have shown that the application of technology in the processing or utilization of livestock manure into a useful material that even has economic value will support the creation of an environmentally friendly livestock system or zerro waste system, besides that it will also improve the welfare of breeders through minimizing the cost of purchasing fuel.
Perbaikan Manajemen Pakan Silase untuk Keberlanjutan Usaha Peternakan Sapi di Era New Normal pada Kelompok Ternak Bago Mulyo
Authors: Nurfitriani Rizki Amalia , Muhamad Nur , Andriani Mira , Hasanah Niswatin
Published: April 2021

Feeding independence is one of the target achievements desired by every farmer. One of them is the Bago Mulyo livestock group. The Bago Mulyo livestock group is a livestock group located in Gumukmas District, Jember Regency. Several problems of the Bago Mulyo Livestock Group which reduce production by 5% because the prices of production facilities (seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and feed) are expensive and the distribution is not smooth; the need for food will increase by 5% due to panic buying and food supplies. The distribution of feed was not optimal, making farmers have to find solutions so that feed ingredients are still available. One solution is to utilize existing feed ingredients and maintain their feed quality until they are available throughout the year, namely by silage method. The implementation of the service consists of several activities, the first was coordination with the head of the Bago Mulyo livestock group, purchased silage materials, simulated modified silo tools, implementation of community service, and surveying the results of community service activities. The results of the community service survey which have shown that 100% of farmers who participate in the service activities understand silage technology with the addition of silo modification from previously only 43% who understand silage technology. The conclusion is an increase in understanding of silage technology which is one of the indicators of support for the service team in carrying out service activities for the Bago Mulyo Livestock Group, so that this technology can be applied properly for the sustainability of the cattle business in the Livestock Group.
Penguatan Ketahanan Masyarakat di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Rokhaniyah Siti , Sinta Sinta
Published: April 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on all aspects of life, both in the fields of education, health, religion, economy, tourism, and others. In terms of education, the Covid-19 pandemic has inspired the birth of an online learning policy. The economic aspect has also stalled, due to the enactment of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) so that various conventional economic transactions have been significantly transformed into the online system. The religious sector has also been affected by changes, due to a reduction in the capacity of places of worship. Based on the results of participant observation, it was found that changes in the life order due to the Covid-19 pandemic also occurred in Village of Sine, Sragen, Central Java. Some of the problems that arise in the community are problems in the field of education, how to overcome difficulties in implementing online learning, in the religious field, the termination of TPA (Al-Quran Education Park) and other religious activities such as recitation, while in the health sector, how the community's efforts to increase resilience during a pandemic are not yet aware of the importance of washing hands correctly and wearing masks. The most vital aspect is the economy, where most people work as traders and factory workers who are forced to stop working. In order to reduce these difficulties, community service activities were carried out that focused on several identified problems. Among the activities that have been carried out are learning assistance to children, organizing TPA for children, organizing socialization on preventing the spread of Covid-19 and providing entrepreneurial motivation for people affected by Covid-19. For the implementation of this community service activity, the residents of Sine Village feel very helped, and hope that it will be sustainable.
Pelatihan Microsoft Word Dasar Untuk Perangkat Desa Gelang Kecamatan Sumber Baru Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Abdurrahman Ginanjar
Published: April 2021

In community service, especially village administration, ideally, village officials have essential Microsoft word competencies. However, from the report from the village apparatus of Gelang, only one person who mastered the basic Microsoft word was not comprehensive. Basic Microsoft word skills are considered necessary by the village apparatus of Gelang. This material chose because this material has not been mastered and deemed to be most often needed to handle the Gelang village office's administration, so it is necessary to hold basic Microsoft word training activities for the village apparatus of Gelang. This activity was born on September 7, 2016, introducing the presenter followed by a pre-test to determine the participants' initial abilities. After that, the presentation of material about basic Microsoft word accompanied by mentoring, practice, discussion and ended with a post-test continued with the material's production. The activity evaluation data shows that the participant's post-test scores' lowest score wa perfect compared to the participant's pre-test scores. The lowest score for the participant's post-test was 75, and the highest score for the participant was 90 compared to the pre-test score with the highest score only reaching 60/ Thus, it can say that there was a significant increase in the score.
Challenges Faced by Teachers About Inculcating Islamic Values: Pilot Inquiry
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Ahmed Tanjeel
Published: April 2021

This paper examined the different challenges faced by the teachers in inculcating Islamic values among teachers in selected private Islamic secondary schools in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. To achieve the purpose of this study, descriptive analysis (frequencies and percentages) was formulated to direct the study. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The sample of the study consisted of 106 teachers from 145 respondents drawn from the area of the study. The instruments for data collection were first the teachers’ attitudes. Then, the school environment and the last teaching materials/aids. The data were analyzed quantitatively using Statical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The result shows that most teachers, specifically 75%, who participated in this study faced challenges in inculcating Islamic values in teaching at school. The researcher suggested that future research should include additional public school teachers to compare their challenges of inculcating Islamic values.
Filsafat Pendidikan dan Perkembangannya: Kajian Bibliometrik berdasarkan Database Scopus
Authors: Herdianto Roni , Windyaningrum Nia , Masruroh Betty , Setiawan Mohamad Arief
Published: April 2021

Filsafat pendidikan merupakan jantung dari pengembangan dunia kependidikan secara umum. Selain memegang peran yang sangat mendasar, filsafat pendidikan juga memberikan kerangka kerja untuk tujuan dan sasaran lembaga, mata pelajaran yang akan diajarkan, pengalaman belajar mengajar, dan metode penilaian. Tujuan penelitian adalah memberikan gambaran umum tentang literatur penelitian filsafat pendidikan berdasarkan analisis bibliometrik dari sejumlah artikel jurnal yang dipublikasikan di database scopus dan untuk identifikasi kesenjangan ilmiah sebagai acuan untuk penelitian selanjutnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis bibliometrik dengan dibantu software VOSviewer dan SEforRA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tren peningkatan penelitian tentang filsafat pendidikan dan ditemukan beberapa topik/kata kunci yang dapat dijadikan dasar penelitian selanjutnya. Simpulannya adalah analisis bibliometrik memberikan informasi dan pengetahuan tentang perkembangan penelitian filsafat pendidikan untuk kemungkinan dilakukan penelitian baru selanjutnya
Peran Guru dalam Pengajaran Pendidikan Multikultural: Inisiasi dan Praktek
Authors: Ilmi Munaya Ulil , Mayangsari Indah , Dewi Fisca Artita
Published: April 2021

Indonesia is a multicultural nation that has very high diversity. This diversity can be a potential for the nation's progress as well as its decline, depending on the quality of the management of this heterogeneity. It is undeniable that conflicts with the background of ethnicity, religion and race between groups (SARA) still often occur in Indonesia. This shows the importance of strengthening multicultural education in Indonesia. This study aims to review the urgency of multicultural teaching in schools. The research method used is literature study, explaining the phenomena that occur based on scientific studies that have been done before. Based on the discussion, it can be concluded that multicultural education in schools is very important to do so that students are able to accept all differences from an early age. In this process, the teacher has a very big role. Teachers must be able to master the teaching methods and concepts of multicultural learning itself. The teaching of multicultural education is so that students are able to be active and critical in facing all differences ranging from religion, language, ethnicity, gender, and social status in society.
Tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers and/or drinkers: nitric oxide/nitrite contents
Authors: Souza Marise Ramos de , Genestra Marcelo
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate comparatively the concentration of a nitrogen radical, particularly nitric oxide (NO)/nitrite (NO2 -), in the tongue-coating and mixed saliva obtained from smokers/non-smokers and drinkers/non-drinkers, proving the cytotoxic and cytoprotective effect of these free radicals in oral metabolism and physiophatolology of oral diseases. Masticatory (stimulated) methods were used in order to determine the salivary flow rates of 100 patients. The tongue-coating was obtained through of tongue cleaning named Kolbe’s cleaner. Nitrite contents was measured spectophotometricaly by Griess method. Despite the NO been admittedly an important mediator of some physiological functions, when it is generated in excess it acts as the molecule-key of the cellular damage and tissue injury. The results point out that the association tobacco/alcohol points positive correlation between the increasing concentration of nitrogen radicals in the mixed saliva in order to favour tobacco/alcohol users, in comparison with the control group (not smokers/not drinkers). However, the NO/NO2 - concentration in tongue-coating is worthless, comparing to mixed saliva.
Marketing Social – A Estratégia De Mudança Do Comportamento Social
Authors: Morcerf Sônia De Oliveira , Seabra Teresa Cristina
Published: April 2021

Ao longo dos anos, o marketing vem sofrendo inúmeras adaptações para se adequar àsmudanças no cenário mundial e, desse modo, vem agregando novos recursos e fundamentos. Assim, é hoje um conjunto de conhecimentos essencial para profissionais das mais diversas áreas e interessa a todos que precisam promover bens, serviços, propriedades, pessoas, lugares, eventos, informações, idéias ou organizações.Atualmente o marketing recebe vários adjetivos: cultural, ambiental, esportivo, social, entreoutros. Neste trabalho focamos o Marketing Social, buscando conhecer os conceitos, definições e as várias aplicações que vêm sendo dadas no cenário brasileiro e como se relaciona com a Responsabilidade Social Empresarial. Procuramos entender um pouco melhor qual é o papel do Marketing Social, ressaltando tratar-se de uma estratégia de mudança comportamental na sociedade. O trabalho buscou também distinguir o Marketing Social da Responsabilidade Social das Empresas.
Modelagem Computacional E Matemática De Processos De Destilação De Misturas Contínuas Computational And Mathematical Modeling Of Processes Of Destillation Of Continuous Mixtures
Authors: Jácome Paulo André Dias , Palmeira Alexandre Alvarenga , Habibe Alexandre Fernandes
Published: April 2021

O conceito de misturas contínuas foi aplicado para resolução do problema deseparação por destilação, utilizando-se para tanto uma função de distribuição f(x) defrações molares das espécies químicas, caracterizadas pelo seu índice contínuo x, querepresenta o número de grupos funcionais presentes na molécula para uma mistura dealcanos lineares. O problema do equilíbrio líquido-vapor corresponde a um sistema deequações algébrico-funcional para as fases líquida e vapor. As aproximações McCabe-Thiele (condições CMO - constant molar overflow) foram estendidas ao caso contínuo com o intuito de evitar a utilização de balanços de energia. Avaliando e resolvendo o sistema apenas em seus pontos de colocação o problema torna-se puramente algébrico, podendo ser representado em forma matricial. O resultado apresentado contempla a modelagem computacional de processos de separação de misturas contínuas. A pertinência da modelagem foi observada com a migração de componentes leves para o topo e pesados para o fundo do equipamento, além do fato de que as temperaturas de saturação dos componentes típicos do topo foram coerentes com resultados experimentais relatados na literatura.
A Importância do Marketing de Relacionamento na Gestão das Instituições de Ensino Superior Privadas The Importance of the Relationship’s Marketing in Management of Private Institutions in Superior Education
Authors: Martins Débora Cristina Lopes , Silva de Oliveira Ivanete Da Rosa , Martins Sandro José
Published: April 2021

O artigo apresentado enfoca a relevância do marketing de relacionamento como um dos principais diferenciais para a sobrevivência das instituições de ensino superior privadas. No cenário atual, em que a concorrência acirrada, guerra de preços e ausência de barreiras a novos entrantes constituem grandes ameaças e diminuem a competitividade das instituições, somente a adoção de estratégias de relacionamento, aliadas às Tecnologias de Informática, serão capazes de garantir a sobrevivência no mercado institucional.
Participação da Imunogenética no Tratamento da Asma Brônquica: a vacina de Anti-IgE
Authors: Guedes Jeferson Freixo , Pinheiro Ricardo Barbosa , Alves Fábio Aguiar , Utagawa Claudia Yamada
Published: April 2021

Introdução: Diversas pesquisas almejando novas abordagens terapêuticas têm sido realizadas principalmente para acometimentos de alta prevalência e morbidade como a asma, propiciando perspectivas terapêuticas animadoras a partir de resultados de estudos clínicos. Objetivos: Descrever novas abordagens terapêuticas relacionadas à imunogenética e suas perspectivas clínicas para asma brônquica, ressaltando aspectos genéticos envolvidos na etiopatogenia e fisiopatologia da doença. Métodos: Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica sistemática de artigos indexados a Scielo e PubMED sobre aspectos relevantes encontrados na literatura médica. Resultados: A imunoterapia constitui grande contribuição da imunogenética para terapêutica da asma, sobretudo a vacina de Anti-IgE que apresenta indicação, principalmente, para asma de moderada a grave. Conclusões: Devido ao profundo impacto socio-econômico e na qualidade de vida provocado pela asma brônquica, a busca por novas medidas terapêuticas e pela otimização das já existentes trarão grandes benefícios para os pacientes. Além disso, a Imunoterapia com anti-IgE será uma grande alternativa para os pacientes que apresentam sensibilidade e reações adversas aos tratamentos farmacológicos e imunoterapia com alérgenos.
O uso de Software Livre no Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados (Serpro) The use of Free Software in Data Processing Federal Service
Authors: De Miranda Viviane Vieira , Vieira Carlos Eduardo Costa , Carelli Flávio Campos
Published: April 2021

Software Livre é um termo usado para definir um software que é distribuído com seu código-fonte, dando aos usuários a liberdade de estudá-lo, examiná-lo, modificá-lo e/ou redistribui-lo. Este artigo apresenta o uso de Software Livre no Serviço Federal de Processamento de Dados (Serpro), a empresa pública de informática do Governo Federal, mostrando um histórico da utilização desse tipo de software dentro da organização e apresentando os benefícios gerados por essa iniciativa.
Comparison of perioperative analgesia between intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for rigid hysteroscopy. A randomised control trial
Authors: Dileep Kumar  , Kamal Kumar  , Mohammad Hamid
Published: April 2021

Objective: To compare efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and fentanyl for intra-operative and post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing for diagnostic and therapeutic rigid hysteroscopy.
Methods: Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2016 to June 2017. Study instituted after ethical review committee approval and patient has ASA-I, II, aged 18-65 years, consented for hysteroscopy. Anesthesia induction technique was standardized and analgesia in group-P, paracetamol 15 mg/Kg administered 15-30 minutes before surgery and in group-F, fentanyl 2 mcg/kg administered at induction of anesthesia. Intraoperative pain was assessed by changes in heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure and postoperative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis.
Results: Sixty patients scheduled for hysteroscopy were allocated into two groups. Patient’s ASA status and demographics were found relatively similar in both groups except for age differences (p< 0.011). In paracetamol group, mean SBP at 10,15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes and mean DBP at 20, 25 minutes & Mean arterial blood pressure at 20 minutes were statistically significant (p<0.05) compared to the fentanyl group. However, the mean heart rate was statistically insignificant among the groups. The postoperative visual analogue pain scores were almost similar at 0, 15, and 30 minutes (p>0.05) among the groups. Although, the rescue analgesia was needed in 3 patients on arrival in recovery room in each group.
Conclusion: Intravenous paracetamol offers similar analgesic efficacy to fentanyl for rigid hysteroscopy in ambulatory surgery. However,
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Imaging features of primary breast sarcoma: a case report
Authors: Rehman Sara , Anis ur Rehman
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Primary breast sarcomas (PBS) are a rare group of non-epithelial tumors arising from connective tissue of breast. This is a case of 55 year old female who presented with rapidly increasing left breast mass, mammogram showed a large high density mass occupying whole of left breast, Doppler ultrasound showed increased vascularity mass, diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology of ultrasound guided biopsy. Although there are no pathognomonic imaging features of PBS, however, presence of a solitary large mass showing rapid growth, with circumscribed or indistinct margins without axillary lymph node involvement should raise the suspicion of sarcoma and prompt biopsy to ensure early diagnosis and treatment; particularly considering the aggressive nature of these sarcomas.
Key words:
Breast, Computerized Tomography, Mammography, Sarcoma, Ultrasonography
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A CBCT based evaluation of root proximity of maxillary posterior teeth to sinus floor in a subset of Pakistani population
Authors: Momina Anis Motiwala  , Aysha Arif  , Robia Ghafoor
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the vertical relationship of the roots of maxillary posterior teeth with maxillary sinus floorand its association with age, gender and bilateral jaw symmetry.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi from June to December 2018, and comprised patients who visited the dental clinics and underwent cone-beam computed tomography scans. The scans were evaluated in the axial, coronal and sagittal planes and roots were classified using Jungs classification for proximity to maxillary sinus floor. The distance between the sinus floor and the apices of maxillary posterior teeth was measured.  Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: There were 60 scans with 1066 roots. The most common maxillary tooth root in Type III group of Jung classification was the mesio-buccal root of the 2nd molar with the shortest mean distance of 0.44±3.05mm, followed by palatal roots of the 1st molar with the shortest mean distance of 1.58±4.01mm. The maxillary tooth root most frequent in Type I group was buccal root of 1st premolar with a mean distance of 8.15±6.65mm, and the 2nd premolar with a mean distance of 7.38±6.60mm. No significant difference was found in terms of gender and sides (p ?0.05).
Conclusion: The most common root protruding in the sinus was found to be the mesio-buccal root of the 2nd molar, followed by palatal roots of the 1st molar. The most distant maxillary tooth root from the sinus was the buccal root of 1st and 2nd premolars.
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Knowledge and clinical practices of medical doctors regarding nutrition in cirrhosis patients – a multicentre study from Pakistan
Authors: Laima Alam  , Hafiz Faisal Ali  , Mafaza Alam  , Jawad Khan  , Shaista Khan
Published: April 2021

Abstract:
Objective: The objective of the study is to determine the nutritional knowledge and clinical practices of medical doctors regarding nutrition in cirrhosis patients in a multicentre study.
Methods: This multi-centre cross-sectional knowledge and practice (KAP) study was conducted from January 2020 to March 2020 and comprised of physicians working in wards, Out Patient and Emergency Departments. The participants were interviewed using a self-generated structured questionnaire after adequate literature review. The data was analysed using SPSS 16.0.
Results: Of the 92 participants, 52 (56.5%) were males, the mean age of the physicians was 28.3 ± 4 years with mean years in service of 3.7 ± 3 years. The mean score obtained was 5.8 ± 2.1 (out of 13). An alarmingly low percentage (35.9%) of physicians had received formal training, 29.3% were giving regular nutritional counselling and 52.2% wrongly believed in the implementation of restricted diets. Salt, water and lipids/oils were incorrectly considered to be avoided in decompensated patients in the percentages of 61%, 49% and 24%, respectively. Mean knowledge scores varied significantly for physicians dealing with cirrhosis patients on daily basis and those who received formal training. Gender, number of service years and physicians providing counselling on regular basis (without proper training) did not impact the scores significantly.
Conclusion: The nutritional knowledge of our medical doctors regarding cirrhosis is sub-optimal, the clinical practices adopted are not evidence based and the clinical assessment with nutritional counselling lack vigour and consistency.
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