bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRODUCTION TO THE TWO FICE SPECIAL ISSUES
Authors: Grupper Emmanuel , Anglin James P. , Gahleitner Silke Birgitta
Published: March 2018

This is the first of two special issues based on materials presented at the FICE International Congress in Vienna, Austria in August 2016. The theme of the congress was “Together Towards a Better World for Children, Adolescents, and Families”. The same theme was chosen for these special issues. Child and youth care professionals who presented their quality material in the congress were invited to rework their presentations as formal papers meeting the norms of a scientific journal. FICE International is most thankful to the guest editors, Jim Anglin, Silke Gahleitner, and Emmanuel Grupper, who worked with all the contributors to prepare their materials for publication. We also want to thank Dr. Sibylle Artz, the editor of IJCYFS, for giving us the opportunity to publish this material in an open-access electronic journal and in that way share it with a much broader audience.
CREATING EVIDENCE-BASED CHANGE THROUGH A TRAUMA-INFORMED LENS: TRANSLATING PRINCIPLES INTO PRACTICE
Authors: Hunt Susan , Moretti Marlene M. , Booth Chris , Reyda Nickole
Published: March 2018

When programs and services incorporate an understanding of trauma and its impact on an individual’s behaviour and ability to cope, the potential for misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment planning is significantly reduced. Incorporating trauma-informed approaches into service delivery is an essential component to developing programs that accurately address the needs of youth and their families. The organization involved in this study, in the Province of British Columbia, Canada, provides an extensive array of services to youths aged 12 to 18 years who have significant emotional, behavioural, and psychiatric difficulties. In a joint multidisciplinary effort to better support traumatized young people and their families, the organization embarked on an in-depth evaluation of its service delivery. Together the team co-created a shift in practice that supported the translation of trauma-informed principles into practice and developed valid and measurable methods for evaluation through the adoption of a participatory action framework. Four semi-structured interviews were developed for collecting qualitative feedback from clients, stakeholders, and staff who experienced the change in service delivery across 5 clinical cases over the course of 8 months. The feedback confirmed that the shift in practice was effective in cultivating an environment of safety, choice, and collaboration for clients. This resulted in the development of an evidence-based shift in service delivery as well as identifying training needs and developing plans to integrate this change into broader practice throughout the organization.
CONSUMO DE BEBIDA ALCOÓLICA E TABAGISMO EM HOMENS HIPERTENSOS
Authors: Mussi Fernanda Carneiro , Portela Pollyana Pereira , Santos Barretto Larissa Emily , Gonçalves Gama Glicia Gleide , Mendes Andreia Santos , De Santana Macêdo Tássia Teles
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: caracterizar o consumo de bebida alcoólica e tabagismo em homens hipertensos. Método: trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, sendo 130 homens entrevistados. Dados analisados em percentuais, médias e desvio padrão. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 58,32 (dp=9,99). Predominaram casados, negros, baixa classe socioeconômica, ensino fundamental completo/incompleto, ativos profissionalmente. Observou-se que 37,7% eram fumantes passivos, 34,6% ex-tabagistas e 7,7% fumavam, predominando o uso de cigarro. Consumiam bebida alcoólica 52,3% dos homens, os demais nunca consumiram (18,5%) ou haviam parado (29,2%). Maior proporção consumia cerveja, bebidas destiladas e vinho, sendo o uso maior no final de semana (cerveja 32,4% vs 94,15; destilada 13,2% vs 22,0% e vinho 10,3% vs 17,6%) e excessivo para 67,6% dos homens. Conclusão: houve proporção elevada de fumantes passivos e consumo excessivo de álcool no final de semana. Uma proposta terapêutica compartilhada deve combater esses fatores de risco junto aos homens.

Descritores: Hipertensão. Saúde do homem. Fatores de risco. Abuso de álcool. Tabagismo.
BANHO NO LEITO EM CUIDADOS CRÍTICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Costa Geisiane Souza , De Souza Cristiane Chaves , Diaz Flavia Batista Barbosa de Sá , Toledo Luana Vieira , Ercole Flavia Falci
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: analisar as produções científicas sobre o banho no leito de pacientes adultos em cuidados críticos. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada em 2016 nas bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS e Web of Science, utilizando os descritores baths, critical care, com o operador booleano and. Resultados: foram incluídos 21 artigos. As publicações tiveram como foco: relacionar o banho no leito com a prevenção e o controle de Infecções Associadas aos Cuidados de Saúde, e descrever e avaliar o procedimento do banho no leito. Conclusão: há lacunas de conhecimento na literatura acerca da melhor técnica de banho no leito, mas a produção científica demonstra que esse procedimento pode provocar alterações nos parâmetros fisiológicos em pacientes adultos em cuidados críticos.

Descritores: Banhos. Cuidados críticos. Enfermagem. Unidades de Terapia Intensiva.
ENSINO DA TANATOLOGIA NOS CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Moura Luna Vitória Cajé , Passos Eva Carneiro Silva , Santos Rose Manuela Marta , Santa Rosa Darci De Oliveira , Sobrinho Carlito Lopes Nascimento
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: identificar a temática tanatologia nos componentes curriculares de cursos de graduação em Enfermagem. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de base documental. As fontes foram o projeto pedagógico e a matriz curricular disponibilizadas nos websites de Instituições de Ensino Superior da Bahia segundo critérios: curso presencial ativo em 2015 e reconhecido pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura. Resultados: das 31 instituições cadastradas, 5 eram públicas, e 24 privadas, 4 possuíam disciplina de Tanatologia. O contato inicial com a Tanatologia dava-se no 3º semestre (37% das Instituições), 2º semestre (31%), 1º e 4º semestres (13,8%). Nenhum website exibia todas as informações, sendo a matriz curricular o documento mais disponibilizado (68,9%). Conclusão: o número de instituições que incluíam em seus currículos a abordagem da tanatologia desde o princí- pio da formação de enfermeiros ainda era reduzido, mesmo que seja importante, por estabelecer relacionamento próximo às pessoas e famílias nos processos de morte e morrer.

Descritores: Tanatologia. Educação em Enfermagem. Bioética.
Assessment of Antioxidant Potential and phytochemical screening of Phenolic Compounds of Gleditsia triacanthos L Pods
Authors: Imène Saidi , Hassiba Mahdjoub Bessam , Abbassia Benchaachoua
Published: March 2018

Objective: The present study aims at the phytochemical screening, the quantification of phenolic compounds of Gleditsia triacanthos L pods (Family Leguminosae) and the assessment of their antioxidant potential by in vitro assays.

Subjects and Methods: The pods were extracted with 70% methanol and further partitioned with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The residual aqueous fraction has been also recovered. Colorimetric methods using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, aluminum chloride and Folin-Denis were carried out to estimate total polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins content of extracts. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were used to determine in vitro antioxidant activity.

Results: In vitro phytochemical screening for all the extracts was tested and shown positive result for flavonoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides, sterols and terpenes, saponins and alkaloids. However, all the extracts were free of anthraquinones. The strongest activity against radical scavenging of DPPH was found in the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50= 16,288 ± 0,299 µg/ml) which contains highest amounts of flavonoids (25.160 ± 0.016 mg CE/g), whereas the chloroform fraction showed an important total antioxidant capacity (750,584 ± 129,793 mg AAE/g) with the highest amount of total polyphenols (131.667 ± 2.055 mg GAE/g). When compared to the other fractions, the aqueous fraction presented the lowest antioxidant activity for the two methods.

Conclusion: These data suggest that the pods of Gleditsia triacanthos L can be a good natural source of antioxidants that can be beneficial for food and human health.
Two decision makers’ single decision over a back order EOQ model with dense fuzzy demand rate
Authors: Maity Suman , De Sujit Kumar , Pal Madhumangal
Published: March 2018

In this article we develop an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with backlogging where the decision is made jointly from two decision maker supposed to view one of them as the industrialist (developer) and the other one as the responsible manager. The problem is handled under dense fuzzy environment. In fuzzy set theory the concept of dense fuzzy set is quite new which is depending upon the number of negotiations/ turnover made by industrial developers with the supplier of raw materials and/or the customers.  Moreover, we have discussed the preliminary concept on dense fuzzy sets with their corresponding membership functions and appropriate defuzzification method. The numerical study explores that the solution under joint decision maker giving the finer optimum of the objective function. A sensitive analysis, graphical illustration and conclusion are made for justification the new approach.
O manejo familiar da crian�a com condi��es cr�nicas sob a �tica da teoria da complexidade de Edgar Morin
Authors: Ichikawa Carolliny Rossi de Faria , Santos Silvana Sidney Costa , Bousso Regina Szylit , Sampaio Patricia Stella Silva
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi refletir acerca do manejo familiar da crian�a com condi��es cr�nicas. M�todo: O cuidado familiar mostra-se imprevis�vel, por isso, utilizou-se a �Complexidade de Edgar Morin�, como embasamento para esta reflex�o, visando contribuir para a melhor compreens�o das a��es desenvolvidas pelo enfermeiro no cuidado a estas fam�lias. Resultados: A partir das ideias tem�ticas dos artigos analisados que responderam ao objetivo proposto, surgiram tr�s categorias para a reflex�o: �As condi��es cr�nicas da crian�a�, �O manejo familiar da crian�a com condi��es cr�nicas� e a �Complexidade de Edgar Morin� e o �Cuidado familiar�. Conclus�o: As quest�es examinadas neste ensaio podem subsidiar a reflex�o dos profissionais de enfermagem, buscando um olhar para o todo, sem fragmentar a realidade vivenciada por estas fam�lias, rompendo com a vis�o simplificadora e permitindo uma compreens�o mais pr�xima do real.
Ressignifica��o do cuidado de uma pessoa com diabetes e p� diab�tico: relato de experi�ncia
Authors: Gomes Daisy Moreira , Dazio Eliza Maria Rezende , Paraizo Camila Maria Silva , Brito Mariana Viotti Nogueira , Gon�alves Jamila Souza , Fava Silvana Maria Coelho Leite
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: relatar a experi�ncia de integrantes de um projeto de extens�o no acompanhamento longitudinal � pessoa com Diabetes Mellitus. M�todo: trata-se de um relato de experi�ncia dos integrantes de um projeto de extens�o realizado com um homem de 63 anos, com p� diab�tico, les�o cr�nica h� 15 anos, infectada e necr�tica na regi�o medial plantar esquerda e direita, com amputa��o de dois podod�ctilos em cada um dos membros inferiores e dificuldades na conviv�ncia com o adoecimento. As a��es pautadas no princ�pio da Cl�nica ampliada e compartilhada apresentavam por objetivo o incentivo ao tratamento, o processo cicatricial de les�es e o autogerenciamento dos cuidados em Diabetes. Utilizou-se instrumento para conhecer o contexto social e cultural e para a consulta de enfermagem. Resultados: constatou-se melhor controle dos n�veis glic�micos, mudan�as em rela��o aos h�bitos alimentares com perda ponderal significativa, processo cicatricial das les�es, dom�nio e habilidade na aplica��o de insulina e mais cooperativo. Conclus�o: A rela��o dial�gica, a intera��o prolongada e o v�nculo, princ�pios que fundamentaram as a��es, foram capazes de produzir mudan�as nos integrantes do projeto e na sensibiliza��o do participante, contribuindo para a ressignifica��o do cuidado e para a melhoria da condi��o de sa�de.
La impunidad en el contexto de la desaparición forzada en México = Impunity in the context of enforced disappearance in Mexico
Authors: Guevara Bermúdez José Antonio , Chávez Vargas Lucía Guadalupe
Published: March 2018

Resumen: La impunidad se define como la ausencia de castigo a los responsables de cometer delitos. En el caso de México, destaca la impunidad por el crimen de desaparición forzada de personas. La desaparición forzada se ha manifestado en México al menos en tres periodos: la Guerra Sucia, el conflicto Zapatista y la guerra contra las drogas. Los crímenes que se han cometido en esos contextos permanecen sin castigo, por lo que las víctimas permanecen sin ser reparadas de manera integral.El artículo busca dimensionar el caso mexicano sobre el crimen de la desaparición forzada a la luz de los elementos que componen el concepto de impunidad. Además, plantea una serie de propuestas tendientes a contribuir a la erradicación de la impunidad por graves violaciones a derechos humanos.Palabras clave: Derechos Humanos, impunidad, desaparición forzada, crimen, violencia.Abstract: Impunity is defined as the absence of punishment for those responsible for committing crimes. In the case of Mexico, impunity stands out for the crime of enforced disappearance of persons. The enforced disappearance has manifested in Mexico in at least three periods: the Dirty War, the Zapatista conflict and the war on drugs. The crimes that have been committed in those contexts remain unpunished, so that the victims remain without an integral reparation.The article seeks to analyze the Mexican case on the crime of forced disappearance considering the elements that make up the concept of impunity. In addition, it explores a series of proposals tending to contribute to the eradication of impunity for serious human rights violations.Keywords: Human Rights, impunity, forced disappearance, crime, violence.
Excepciones a derechos = Exceptions to rights
Authors: Andrade Moreno Marcos
Published: March 2018

Resumen: El artículo presenta dos sentidos de excepciones a derechos y las razones por las que conviene distinguirlos. Se muestran las dificultades teóricas de definir el concepto de excepción y cancelación o suspensión de derechos, ya que ellos, al parecer, descansan en la idea de anormalidad. Se muestran las dificultades de este enfoque y su justificación en el debate en torno a las excepciones implícitas y la derrotabilidad. Se ofrece una manera de superar estas dificultades, abandonando el enfoque lógico. En su lugar, se presenta un enfoque funcional que busca co-definir las excepciones y las suspensiones o cancelaciones mediante sus relaciones con otras normas denominadas normas alterativas, cuyo fin sería alcanzar cierto gran de flexibilidad normativa. Palabras clave: Excepciones, cancelaciones, normas que establecen derechos, flexibilidad normativa. Abstract: The paper presents two meanings of exceptions to rights and why it is convenient to distinguish them. The theoretical difficulties of defining the concept of exception and derogation of rights based on the idea of abnormality are shown. Instead, by showing the difficulties of this approach and its justification on the implicit exceptions and defeasibility debate, it offers a way to overcome these difficulties abandoning the logical approach. In lieu, a functional approach is presented: one that seeks to co-define exceptions and suspensions or cancellations through their relationships with other norms called alterative norms, whose purpose would be to achieve a certain degree of normative flexibility. Keywords: Exceptions, derogations, enacted rights, normative flexibility.
Juicio político = Impeachment
Authors: Mocoroa Juan M.
Published: March 2018

Resumen: Este trabajo analiza las posibilidades del procedimiento de juicio político para hacer efectiva la responsabilidad política, particularmente en el caso de los jefes de Estado. Para ello, describe sus elementos estructurales y ofrece consideraciones generales sobre el mismo. Además, se propone una interpretación amplia según la cual, independientemente de las causas previstas por cada Constitución, es posible responsabilizar políticamente a los jefes de Estado en los sistemas presidencialistas. De tal modo, se propone una justificación del mecanismo según la cual este tiene como objetivo destituir a los funcionarios que cometieron ofensas y atentados contra la propia comunidad en el ejercicio de sus funciones y que se consideren abusos de poder o de autoridad. Esta interpretación disminuye las diferencias entre los regímenes democráticos presidencialistas y parlamentarios respecto a las modalidades de la responsabilidad política.Palabras clave: Responsabilidad política, juicio político, régimen político, presidencialismo, jefe de Estado.Abstract: This paper analyzes the possibilities for the impeachment to make political responsibility effective, particularly in the case of presidents. For that matter, it describes its structural elements and gives some general considerations. In addition, a broad interpretation is proposed, according to which, independently from the causes foreseen by each constitution, it is possible to hold presidents politically responsible. In this way, a justification of the mechanism is proposed, according to which its aim is to dismiss officials who committed offenses and attacks against the community itself in the exercise of their functions and that are considered abuses of power or authority. This interpretation diminishes the differences between the presidentialist and parliamentary democratic regimes regarding the modalities of political responsibility.Keywords: Political responsibility, impeachment, political regime, presidentialism, president.
Whistleblowing
Authors: Pérez Triviño José Luis
Published: March 2018

Resumen: La generalización del whistleblowing (delación) responde a varios factores como la influencia proveniente del private law enforcement de Estados Unidos, pero también al descubrimiento de escándalos empresariales merced a la revelación de personas que formaban parte de esas organizaciones (Siemens, WorldCom, "Lista Falciani"). Esto ha motivado que se estén extendiendo los canales de denuncia y el fomento de los whistleblowers, ya que son vistos como  un instrumento básico de prevención y descubrimiento de comportamientos delictivos, especialmente de los relacionados con la empresa y la corrupción. En este trabajo trato de ofrecer una presentación del whistleblowing y los canales de denuncia, mostrando algunas de sus ventajas, pero también algunas de las objeciones y riesgos que comportan.Palabras clave: Whistleblowing, canales de denuncia, traición, corrupción.Abstract: The generalization of whistleblowing responds to several factors such as the influence coming from the American private law enforcement, but also to the discovery of corporate scandals thanks to the disclosure of employees who were part of those organizations (Siemens, WorldCom, "Falciani List"). This has led to the expansion of whistleblower reporting systems and the promotion of whistleblowers insofar it is seen as a basic instrument for the prevention and detection of criminal behavior, especially those related to business and corruption. In this paper I try to offer a brief description of whistleblowing and reporting systems, showing some of its advantages, but also some of the objections and risks involved. Keywords: Whistleblowing, reporting channels, betrayal, corruption.
Neoliberalismo versus democracia = Neoliberalism versus democracy
Authors: Fariñas Dulce María José
Published: March 2018

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Respuestas a Sebastián Agüero y a Hugo Seleme
Authors: Malem Seña Jorge F.
Published: March 2018

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Abraham Castro Moreno, Pilar Otero González (Dirs.) y Ana Mª Garrocho Salcedo (Coord.) (2017) , Corrupción y delito. Aspectos de Derecho Penal Español y desde la perspectiva comparada
Authors: Coteño Muñoz Alejandro
Published: March 2018

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ENTREVISTA: PROFESSORA MARTINE FAURE
Authors: Martin Gabriela
Published: March 2018

Claude Guérin, da Universidade de Lyon 1, e Martine Faure, da Universidade de Lyon 2, formaram uma equipe coesa e que descobriu e publicou numerosos achados paleontológicos. Principalmente na região do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, no sudeste do Piauí, realizaram em conjunto a identificação e o estudo do conjunto fóssil dos grandes mamíferos, das famílias Megatheriidae, Mylodontidae, Camelidae, Macraucheniidae, Toxodontidae, Tayassuidae, Camelidae, Cervidae.
Mediatized Spirituality: A Critical Appraisal of the Media-Religion Nexus in Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo Allwell Okechukwu
Published: March 2018

Religion in Nigeria is predominantly manifested in three identifiable forms: Christianity, Islam and African Traditional Religion. All three forms, but especially the first two, have in recent years embraced the “media logic,” packaging religious experience in ways that appeal to the media. These religions have adopted the media as platforms for worship, proselytization, image-building and investment. Thus, religion in Nigeria has come under the grip of mediatization, giving rise to a mediatized spiritual experience. This paper contends that the strong infusion of the media into religious life in Nigeria could have both positive and negative implications for society. It advocates a responsible use of the media to curtail the purveyance of hate, incendiary and predatory messages.
Response
Authors: O'Neill Bruce
Published: March 2018

As an anthropologist, it is a true pleasure to see the book being read by a panel of scholars representing a diverse set of disciplines, from Anthropology (Luminiþa Mandache) to Philosophy (George Tudorie) and Communication Studies (Alexandru Cârlan), as well as to have the opportunity to engage with some of the comments and criticisms that their different readings brought forward. I will respond to each in turn.
Review of "Uniunea Europeană – un trend în derivă? O analiză a discursului mediatic și a perspectivei tinerilor" (The European Union – a Drifting Trend? An Analysis of Media Discourse and Youth Perspectives) by Oana Ștefăniță, Comunicare.ro, 2017
Authors: Udrea Georgiana
Published: March 2018

In recent times, the European Union has been confronted with huge challenges and crises, which, in the absence of prompt and effective measures, call into question the future of the European project itself. The political incongruities, the disintegrating tendencies culminating with Brexit, the divisions between northern and southern states over economic crisis and austerity measures, the refugee waves and their poor integration into society, the rise of populist and extremist currents, etc. have caused anger, confusion and fear among Europeans, influencing the relations between member states and public perceptions. In this unstable context, studying people’s opinion on the EU and its subtle mechanisms becomes an important and pragmatic effort, as the public has the means to pursue action based on its feelings of support or opposition towards the community block. Oana Ștefăniță’s book, Uniunea Europeană – un trend în derivă? proposes such an insight into the world of young European citizens, investigating their interest in European issues, the EU’s place on the agenda of interpersonal conversations, the way they understand and experience the feeling of European belonging, and their perspectives on the future of the Union.
Laboratory Study on a New Surfactant/Polymer Formulation for Both Sandstone and Carbonate Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Fan , Luo Wenli , Yang Siyu , Zhang Qun , Zhu Youyi , Zhou Zhaohui , Tian Maozhang
Published: March 2018

Chemical flooding technique of alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) has been successfully applied in China for sandstone reservoir. However, challenges to develop chemical EOR formulations without alkali are significant and unique for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir. On the one hand, it is very difficult to achieve ultra-low interfacial tension and good oil displacement effect without the help of alkali. On the other hand, the oil types, rock mineral compositions, rock surface property, matrix pore structure and orientation are all different for sandstone and carbonate reservoir. In fact, the ASP technologies successfully used in Daqing sandstone oilfield cannot be simply extrapolated to SP combination flooding and carbonate reservoir. The key technology is development low cost and high efficiency surfactant and polymer.

In this paper, the new surfactant/polymer formulation has been developed, and show good properties for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir. The novel sulfobetaine with intellectual property has been obtained with raw material of cheap fatty acid, and the carbon-carbon double bond can improve the solubility and emulsifying property.The star-shaped polymer has been developed, and could effectively increase the rigidity of polymer molecular chain and the regularity of molecular structure, which can make the curliness of polymer chain become difficult, and increase the revolving hydraulic radius of molecular chain.The new surfactant/polymer formulation had wide adaptability and could achieve ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT, less than 1.0×10−2mN/m) in different sandstone and carbonate reservoir conditions, and the temperature were from 45 ℃ to 90℃, and the salinity were from 4,500 mg/L to 100,000 mg/L.The SP system has good long term stability at different reservoir conditions. The IFT results were in the range from 10−4mN/m to 10−3mN/m with duration of 180 days, and the retention rates of viscosity were more than 90%.The new surfactant/polymer formulation had good emulsifying capacity, and emulsion Winsor III was observed. It could change the wettability from oil wet to water wet, and had good stripping film capacity.The alkali-free SP formulation showed good oil displacement effect. After water flooding, it could increase oil recovery 21.5% (OOIP) in Daqing oilfield in China for sandstone reservoir; for carbonate reservoir, it could increase oil recovery 23.42% (OOIP) in the oilfield of Middle East.

This paper presents the new alkali-free surfactant/polymer combination flooding green technology, which provide promising chemical EOR technique for both sandstone and carbonate reservoir.
Antiradical and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from the Lamiaceae Family Plants in Connection with their Composition and Optical Activity of Components
Authors: Shutava Hanna G. , Shutava Tatsiana G. , KAVALENKA Natalya A. , SUPİCHENKA Halina N.
Published: March 2018

Antiradical
activity of essential oils of korean mint (Agastache
rugosa (Fisch. et Mey)), blue giant hyssop (Agastache foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze),
hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.),
lavander (Lavandula angustifolia L.),
peppermint (Mentha piperita L.),
lemon mint (Mentha piperita var. citrata (Ehrh.) Briq), monarda (Monarda fistulosa L.), oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), common sage (Salvia officinalis L.), clary (Salvia sclarea L.), and winter savory (Satureja montana L.) cultivated in the
Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus was investigated in the reaction
with the cation-radicals of 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic
acid) (ABTS+·).
The most pronounced antiradical activity was observed for the essential oils
with a high content of phenolic compounds: winter savory and monarda.
Antiradical properties of the essential oils and individual phenolic and
terpene compounds (eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, citral, (+)-pulegone) in the
reaction with ABTS+·
significantly differ in aqueous solutions and ethanol-water mixtures.

Нigh antibacterial activity of selected components of essential oils from
the Lamiaceae plants, carvacrol,
citral, and linalool, towards test organisms Sarcina lutea, Esherichia coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida was shown.
The antibacterial activity of enantiomers of pinene and limonene was
determined. The dextrorotary isomer of α-pinene possesses a significantly
higher level of activity as compared with the levorotary one. S-(-)-limonene
proves itself as a more active antimicrobial component towards Sarcina lutea and Staphylococcus saprophyticus than R-(+)-limonene. Both enantiomers
show comparable activity towards Esherichia
coli. Due to the high antibacterial activity the essential oils from Satureja montana and Monarda fistulosa can be considered as
effective antibacterial agents.
Microbiological aspects of thermophile pretreatment of activated sludge inhibiting electricity generation of microbial fuel cell
Authors: Zhao Yang-Guo , Zhao Yanhui , Zhang Yi , Guo Liang , Gao Mengchun
Published: March 2018

Thermophile pretreatment of activated sludge greatly improves the biodegradability of sludge, but whether the pretreated products are suitable for the electricity generation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is still little known. In this study, municipal activated sludge pretreated by a thermophilic bacterium and heating, respectively, was separately fed into the MFCs. The performance of MFCs was examined and changes of anodic microbial communities were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina Miseq platform. The results showed that MFCs fed with heating-pretreated sludge performed preferably and the power density reached 0.91–2.86 W/m3. MFC anodes were covered with considerable Geobacter spp. However, the bioaugmentation of sludge with the thermophile was not able to support a high potential output although the pretreatment significantly increased the soluble chemical oxygen demand. The maximum power density approached 0.20 W/m3 even when the anolyte was regularly changed. It was observed that amending pH did not improve the performance of MFC. Investigation on this anodic microbial community found that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. exceeded 91%. Consequently, the thermophile-pretreated products stimulated the growth of non-exoelectrogens and finally the niches of anodic biofilm were completely occupied by Lactobacillus spp.
Laboratory Assessment of Patients with Suspected Rheumatic Musculoskeletal Diseases: Challenges and Pitfalls
Authors: Carubbi Francesco , Alunno Alessia , Cipriani Paola , Bistoni Onelia , Scipioni Rosa , Liakouli Valiki , Ruscitti Piero , Berardicurti Onorina , Di Bartolomeo Salvatore , Gerli Roberto , Giacomelli Roberto
Published: March 2018

Current patient care in rheumatology relies primarily on a combination of traditional clinical assessment and standard laboratory tests. Investigators seek to discover new biomarkers and novel technologies to boost the research in this field. Mechanistic biomarkers such as cytokines, cell types, antibodies, signaling molecules, are rooted in the mechanism underlying the disease and can guide the clinical management of the disease. Conversely, descriptive biomarkers are byproducts of the disease process, depict the state of a disease but are not involved in its pathogenesis.  In this article, we reviewed the field of common laboratory biomarkers in rheumatology, highlighting both their descriptive or mechanistic value as well as their role in clinical practice.
A New Nanostructure Square Wave Voltammetric Platform for Determination of Tert-butylhydroxyanisole in Food Samples
Authors: Karimi Fatemeh , Bijad Majede , Farsi Mohammad , Vahid Amir , Asari-Bami Hesam , Wen Yangping , Ganjali Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2018

Background:

Antioxidants are one of the important additives in food samples due to their role in protecting human cells against the effects of free radicals. The analysis of antioxidants is essential due to the role of antioxidants in improving body health.

Objective:

A square wave voltammetric sensor was fabricated for the determination of tert-butylhydroxyanisole (TBHA) based on the application of CdO/SWCNTs and 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride as mediators for the modification of carbon paste electrode (MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE). The MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE improved the sensitivity of TBHA ~ 6.7 times and showed a linear dynamic range 0.07-600 µM with detection limit 0.02 µA for the analysis of TBHA. The pH investigation confirmed that electro-oxidation of TBHA occurred by exchanging two electrons and two protons. In addition, the MBCl/CdO/SWCNTs/CPE was used for determination of TBHA in food samples.
Nanocarriers for Topical Drug Delivery: Approaches and Advancements
Authors: Singhvi Gautam , Patil Shalini , Girdhar Vishal , Dubey Sunil Kumar
Published: March 2018

Background:

Delivery of drugs through the skin has been an attractive as well as a challenging area for research. Topical drug delivery has provided enormous advantages over the systemic route for various drugs and one of the important amongst them is reduced toxicity due to a minimum or zero exposure to non-target organs.

Methods:

Various nanocarrier loaded topical preparations including organogels, emulgels, niosomal gel, lyotropic liquid crystal based gels, etc have been investigated for their topical application. Nanocarriers loaded topical preparation have been proven for improved permeation through the cutaneous barrier and delivering the drug at the target site. The objective of this review is to study the recent updates regarding newer topical gel formulations and highlighting their current potential and future scope of the same.

Results:

The present work has summarized different studies related to nanotechnology derived topical gel formulations and also enlisted few drugs which have been successfully formulated as novel topical gels. Advancement in nanocarriers loaded topical preparations have also been reviewed with their permeation and efficacy compared to conventional formulations.

Conclusion:

The present review will provide an overview of nanotechnology based topical preparation to the readers and will create curiosity for further development.
Hybrid GaAs/AlGaAs nanowire --- quantum dot system for single photon sources
Authors: Cirlin G.E. , Reznik R.R. , Shtrom I.V. , Khrebtov A.I. , Samsonenko Yu.B. , Kukushkin S.A. , Kasama T. , Akopian N.
Published: March 2018

AbstractIII–V nanowires, or a combination of the nanowires with quantum dots, are promising building blocks for future optoelectronic devices, in particular, single-photon emitters, lasers and photodetectors. In this work we present results of molecular beam epitaxial growth of combined nanostructures containing GaAs quantum dots inside AlGaAs nanowires on a silicon substrate showing a new way to combine quantum devices with Si technology.
Plasmon resonance induced photoconductivity in the yttria stabilized zirconia films with embedded Au nanoclusters
Authors: Filatov D.O. , Antonov I.N. , Sinutkin D.Yu. , Liskin D.A. , Gorshkov A.P. , Gorshkov O.N. , Kotomina V.E. , Shenina M.E. , Tikhov S.V. , Korotaeva I.S.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe report on the investigation of the photoconductivity (PC) in the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films with embedded Au nanoclusters (NCs). A peak in the PC spectrum corresponding to the plasmon optical absorption resonance in the Au NCs was observed. The temperature dependence of PC near 300 K obeyed Mott law. In this case, the PC was attributed to the heating of the YSZ matrix due to the plasmon optical absorption in the Au NCs (bolometric effect). Near 77 K, the PC did not depend on temperature and was attributed to plasmon-assisted electron transport between the NCs via the vacancy α-band in YSZ.
Transport in Short-Period GaAs/AlAs Superlattices with Electric Domains
Authors: Altukhov I.V. , Dizhur S.E. , Kagan M.S. , Khvalkovskiy N.A. , Paprotskiy S.K. , Vasil'evskii I.S. , Vinichenko A.N.
Published: March 2018

AbstractElectronic transport in short-period GaAs/AlAs superlattices with resonant cavities was studied at room temperature. The evolution of tunneling current at forward and backward bias sweep was investigated. The step-like decrease in current at some threshold voltage was referred to moving domain formation. The current hysteresis observed in current-voltage characteristics was explained by changes in electrical domain regimes. The series of maxima in the current-voltage characteristics was attributed to resonant tunneling of electrons through several barriers inside the domain. The change of threshold voltage for the domain formation at the change of the cavity parameters explained by the excitation of high-amplitude oscillations in the cavity which demonstrated the possibility to excite oscillations in the THz cavity by dynamical negative resistance of SLs with domains.
Partial electron localization in a finite-size superlattice placed in an electric field
Authors: Vlasov K.R. , Pyataev M.A. , Shorokhov A.V.
Published: March 2018

AbstractPartial electron localization in a finite-size superlattice placed in an electric field is considered. The role of electric field in forming of quasilocalized states is investigated. A quantitative criterion for the degree of partial localization is suggested based on analysis of maximal probability density of finding an electron at a given point. It is found that with increase in the electric field the degree of localization does not increase monotonically. Furthermore, the localization is affected stronger by the amplitude of superlattice potential than by the electric field.
Эволюция триплетных парамагнитных центров в алмазах, получаемых спеканием детонационных наноалмазов при высоком давлении и температуре
Authors: Осипов В.Ю. , Шамес А.И. , Ефимов Н.Н. , Шахов Ф.М. , Кидалов С.В. , Минин В.В. , Вуль А.Я.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of triplet centers in detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) and diamond single crystals of submicrometer size, synthesized from those DNDs at high pressures and temperatures, are studied. In the EPR spectra of DNDs, signals from negatively charged nitrogen- vacancy centers (NV)/sup(-) with a g factor of g _1 = 4.24 and multivacancies with g _2 = 4.00 are observed. The signals from (NV)/sup(-) centers disappear in the spectra of diamond single crystals, and a quintet signal with g = 4.00 is detected at the position of the signal from multivacancies. Analysis of the shape and position of the quintet’ lines showed that this ESR signal is due to the pairs of nitrogen substitution centers in diamond, separated from each other by distances not exceeding 0.7 nm, between which a strong exchange interaction takes place. A comparison of the experimental data and the simulation results allows determining the spin-Hamiltonian parameters of the exchange-coupled pairs of paramagnetic impurity nitrogen atoms.
Влияние скорости деформации на тепловыделение при квазистатическом растяжении металлов. Эксперимент
Authors: Зимин Б.А. , Свентицкая В.Е. , Смирнов И.В. , Судьенков Ю.В.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe paper presents the results of experimental studies of energy dissipation during a quasi-static stretching of metals and alloys at room temperature. The strain rates varied in the range of 10^–3–10^–2 s^–1. Samples of M1 copper, AZ31B magnesium alloy, BT6 titanium, 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel, and D16AM aluminum alloy were analyzed. The experimental results demonstrated a significant dependence of the heat release on the strain rate in the absence of its influence on stress–strain diagrams for all the metals studied in this range of strain rates. The correlation of the changes in the character of heat release with the processes of structural transformations at various stages of plastic flow is shown on the qualitative level. A difference in the nature of the processes of heat release in materials with different ratios of the plasticity and strength is noted.
Две стадии формирования повреждения при ударном воздействии на поликристаллические соединения ZnS и ZnSe
Authors: Щербаков И.П. , Дунаев А.А. , Чмель А.Е.
Published: March 2018

AbstractMechanoluminescence (ML) in ductile solids is caused by the motion of charged dislocations in the deformable material. Interatomic bond ruptures followed by electronic structure reconfiguration are the main source of ML in brittle bodies. We studied ML in ceramics composed of mixed ionic/covalent ZnS and ZnSe compounds, which are generated during impact loading higher than the limit deformation. Depending on synthesis method and thermal treatment, the resulting ceramics had different size and geometry of grains and intergrain boundary structure, which presumably may have a significant effect on the dislocation glide. In both materials, the time sweeps of ML pulses have two well-resolved peaks. The position of the peaks along the time axis is substantially dependent on the size of ceramic-forming grains and, to a smaller extent, on the barrier properties of intergrain boundaries. The first peak is associated with plastic deformation preceding disintegration of the crystal structure. The second peak emerges upon crack nucleation as interatomic bonds are ruptured and the material is undergoing local deformation in tips of propagating cracks. The distributions of ML pulse amplitudes (the dependences between the number of pulses and their amplitude) calculated for both peaks individually follow the power law, which demonstrates that the electronic processes having different excitation mechanisms (dislocation motion vs bond rupture) are correlated.
Генерация носителей заряда в пленках кремний--германий, сильно легированных титаном, при их однородном нагреве
Authors: Кучканов Ш.К. , Ашуров Х.Б.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe have studied the generation of charge carriers and development of the electromotive force (emf) in uniformly heated n -type Si–Ge films heavily doped with titanium obtained by chemical-vapor deposition on p -type silicon substrates. A maximum emf value of ∼3 mV was observed at temperatures within 500–600 K for dark short-circuit currents ∼0.5–1 μA, the value of which increased with the temperature to reach ∼3 μA at 800 K.
Масс-спектрометрия молекулы ксилита
Authors: Завилопуло А.Н. , Шпеник О.Б. , Пилипчинец О.В.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe describe a method and presents results of a mass-spectrometric investigation of the yield of positive ions formed as a result of the direct and dissociative ionization of xylitol molecules by electron impact. The mass spectra of xylitol in a range of ion mass numbers within 1–170 Da and electron impact energies 5–80 eV were measured at various temperatures. The ionization energy of xylitol and the appearance energies of related fragment ions were determined for the first time from energy dependences of the effective electron-impact ionization cross sections. The dynamics of formation of the molecular-fragment ions of xylitol by electron impact was studied in the interval of sample evaporation temperatures within 340–400 K.
Плазменное отражение в мультизеренном слое узкозонных полупроводников
Authors: Жуков Н.Д. , Шишкин М.И. , Роках А.Г.
Published: March 2018

AbstractQualitatively similar spectral characteristics of plasma-resonance reflection in the region of 15–25 μm were obtained for layers of electrodeposited submicron particles of InSb, InAs, and GaAs and plates of these semiconductors ground with M1-grade diamond powder. The most narrow-bandgap semiconductor InSb (intrinsic absorption edge ∼7 μm) is characterized by an absorption band at 2.1–2.3 μm, which is interpreted in terms of the model of optical excitation of electrons coupled by the Coulomb interaction. The spectra of a multigrain layer of chemically deposited PbS nanoparticles (50–70 nm) exhibited absorption maxima at 7, 10, and 17 μm, which can be explained by electron transitions obeying the energy-quantization rules for quantum dots.
Smartphone Apps About Crystal Methamphetamine (“Ice”): Systematic Search in App Stores and Assessment of Composition and Quality (Preprint)
Authors: Chapman Cath , Champion Katrina Elizabeth , Birrell Louise , Deen Hannah , Brierley Mary-Ellen , Stapinski Lexine A. , Kay-Lambkin Frances , Newton Nicola C. , Teesson Maree
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Amid considerable community concern about the prevalence and harms associated with the use of crystal methamphetamine (“ice”), the increased use of smartphones to access health information and a growing number of available smartphone apps related to crystal methamphetamine, no previous reviews have examined the content and quality of these apps.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to systematically review existing apps in the iTunes and Google Play Stores to determine the existence, composition, and quality of educational smartphone apps about methamphetamines, including ice.

METHODS

The iTunes and Google Play Stores were systematically searched in April 2017 for iOS Apple and Android apps, respectively. English-language apps that provided educational content or information about methamphetamine were eligible for inclusion. Eligible apps were downloaded and independently evaluated for quality by 2 reviewers using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).

RESULTS

A total of 2205 apps were initially identified, of which 18 were eligible and rated using the MARS. The mean MARS quality total score for all rated apps was 3.0 (SD 0.6), indicating poor to acceptable quality. Overall, mean scores were the highest for functionality (mean 4.0, SD 0.5) and lowest for engagement (mean 2.3, SD 0.7).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates a shortage of high-quality educational and engaging smartphone apps specifically related to methamphetamine. The findings from this review highlight a need for further development of engaging and evidence-based apps that provide educational information about crystal methamphetamine.
An Embodied Conversational Agent for Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Preventative Mental Health: Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Suganuma Shinichiro , Sakamoto Daisuke , Shimoyama Haruhiko
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Recent years have seen an increase in the use of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in the area of mental health. Although lower effectiveness and higher dropout rates of unguided than those of guided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy remain critical issues, not incurring ongoing human clinical resources makes it highly advantageous.

OBJECTIVE

Current research in psychotherapy, which acknowledges the importance of therapeutic alliance, aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability, in terms of mental health, of an application that is embodied with a conversational agent. This application was enabled for use as an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy preventative mental health measure.

METHODS

Analysis of the data from the 191 participants of the experimental group with a mean age of 38.07 (SD 10.75) years and the 263 participants of the control group with a mean age of 38.05 (SD 13.45) years using a 2-way factorial analysis of variance (group × time) was performed.

RESULTS

There was a significant main effect (P=.02) and interaction for time on the variable of positive mental health (P=.02), and for the treatment group, a significant simple main effect was also found (P=.002). In addition, there was a significant main effect (P=.02) and interaction for time on the variable of negative mental health (P=.005), and for the treatment group, a significant simple main effect was also found (P=.001).

CONCLUSIONS

This research can be seen to represent a certain level of evidence for the mental health application developed herein, indicating empirically that internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy with the embodied conversational agent can be used in mental health care. In the pilot trial, given the issues related to feasibility and acceptability, it is necessary to pursue higher quality evidence while continuing to further improve the application, based on the findings of the current research.