bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydrogels and Nanohydrogels
Authors: Bustamante-Torres Moises , Romero-Fierro David , Chiguano-Tapia Bryan , Chichande-Proaño Estefani , Bucio Emilio
Published: May 2023

Hydrogels and nanogels are exciting and promising materials for many
applications due to their versatile features, such as interacting and absorbing a
significant amount of water and other solvents, excellent mechanical properties, and
adhesiveness. These materials are obtained based on the nature of the raw materials
(natural or synthetic) and the synthesis route. There are many ways to synthesize
hydrogels and nanogels; however, these routes can be classified as physical or
chemical. Physical synthesis forms a reversible cross-linking. In contrast, chemical
synthesis can generate a stable, rigid, and irreversible polymeric structure. Nowadays,
the term “smart hydrogel” has gained significant attention due to its response to
external factors, such as pH, temperature, light, electricity, and magnetic, and even an
internal approach as substrate. Besides, the characteristics and properties of these
polymeric matrices can be enhanced through the synergic relationship with
nanoparticles. The inner and outer structure and the behavior of these materials can be
studied through characterization techniques, such as light scattering, gel permeation
chromatography, viscometry, thermal analysis, spectroscopies, microscopies, and
swelling. 
Microencapsulation
Authors: Thuy Vu Anh , Chan Kha Tuyen
Published: May 2023

It is well-known that bioactive compounds have many positive advantages
for human health. The extension of their shelf life and their applications in the food and
pharmaceutical sectors are important issues. Microencapsulation is one of the proven
methods to protect bioactive compounds and enable various applications. In this
chapter, microencapsulation technology, including the important steps of understanding
the physicochemical properties of the bioactive compounds, selection of suitable
encapsulation, and microencapsulation methods, is presented. Understanding of
physicochemical properties of bioactive compounds and wall materials is the first
important step. There are a variety of microencapsulation methods that can be selected
to encapsulate the bioactive compounds, depending on the application purpose of the
resultant microencapsulated product. In addition, the release rate and release
mechanism of microencapsulated particles also play an important role, determined by
the selection of wall materials and microencapsulation methods. Finally, methods to
evaluate the physicochemical stability of the solution before microencapsulation and
the characterization of the microencapsulated particles are also presented. Several
examples of successful encapsulation technology and recommendations for further
studies of the bioactive compounds are also reported throughout the chapter. 
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA KELAS XI SMA NEGERI DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI DITINJAU DARI KEFAVORITAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Mayasari Tia , Paidi Paidi
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan literasi sains mata pelajaran Biologi siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta dan menganalisis kemampuan literasi sains mata pelajaran Biologi siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri pada sekolah sangat favorit, favorit dan kurang favorit di Kota Yogyakarta berdasarkan indikator literasi sains PISA 2018. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA dari sebelas SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA di SMA Negeri 1 Yogyakarta, SMA Negeri 2 Yogyakarta, SMA Negeri 3 Yogyakarta, SMA Negeri 5 Yogyakarta, dan SMA Negeri 11 Yogyakarta berjumlah 198 siswa yang diperoleh melalui teknik random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes literasi sains pada konten biologi dengan indikator kompetensi PISA 2018. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistika deskriptif untuk menghitung skor literasi sains yang diperoleh siswa dan statistika inferensial dengan statistika non parametrik yaitu Uji Kruskall Walis untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan yang signifikan antara rata-rata skor literasi sains pada sekolah sangat favorit, favorit, dan kurang favorit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kemampuan literasi sains siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta pada mata pelajaran Biologi memiliki ratarata skor pada kategori sedang. (2) kemampuan literasi sains siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta pada mata pelajaran Biologi memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan jika ditinjau dari kefavoritan sekolah yakni sekolah sangat favorit memiliki rata-rata skor yang lebih tinggi daripada sekolah favorit dan kurang favorit
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI KEANEKARAGAMAN ARTHROPODA GUNUNG API PURBA NGLANGGERAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PENGAYAAN
Authors: Sunandar Aditia Pramudia , Triatmanto Triatmanto
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui keanekaragaman Arthropoda yang dijumpai di GAP Nglanggeran untuk materi pengembangan aplikasi Arthropoda sebagai media pengayaan materi keanekaragaman hayati peserta didik tingkat SMA, dan (2) mengetahui kualitas aplikasi keanekaragaman Arthropoda berdasarkan berbagai aspek sesuai penilaian ahli materi, ahli media, guru biologi, dan tanggapan peserta didik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode survei untuk penelitian biologi dan research dan development untuk penelitian pendidikan dengan model ADDIE dibatasi pada ADD (Analysis, Design, dan Development). Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah dua ahli materi, dua ahli media, dua guru biologi, dan 34 peserta didik kelas XI MIPA 4 di SMA Negeri 2 Playen. Hasil penelitian biologi menunjukkan bahwa di Kawasan GAP Nglanggeran dijumpai 5 kelas Arthropoda, 18 ordo, dan 71 famili. Potensi keanekaragaman Arthropoda dikembangkan sebagai sumber materi pengayaan pada kompetensi dasar keanekaragamam hayati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria yang disusun dan dinilai oleh ahli serta praktisi. Segala perbaikan telah diverifikasi melalui sumber yang kredibel dan valid. Sehingga kriteria telah terpenuhi dan prototipe aplikasi keanekaragaman Arthropoda telah memenuhi penilaian dan layak digunakan sebagai media pengayaan keanekaragaman hayati.
Pengaruh Think Talk Write Berbasis Kartu Bergambar terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Biologi
Authors: Riyati Yance , Bustami Yakobus , Julung Hendrikus
Published: May 2023

Kemampuan berpikir kritis merupakan salah satu kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi yang diperlukan peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Think Talk Write (TTW) berbasis kartu bergambar terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VIII. Pendekatan penelitian ini berupa pendekatan kuantitatif dengan bentuk penelitian quasi eksperimental design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 6 Ketungau Tengah terdiri dari 41 siswa. Sampel adalah kelas VIIIA berjumlah 22 siswa untuk kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIIIB berjumlah 19 siswa untuk kelas kontrol. Instrumen berupa soal esai sebanyak 5 soal untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan uji t-test. Hasil analisis deskriptif pada kelas eksperimen menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan nilai rerata kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dari pretest ke posttest sebesar 32.32% dan kelas kontrol sebesar 15.00%. Hasil analisis inferensial menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa (p: 0,0000.05). Nilai rerata  kelas eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelas kontrol. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran TTW berbasis kartu bergambar lebih mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dibandingkan pembelajaran konvensional.
Biofertilización biológica con uso de micorrizas en caña de azúcar para panela
Authors: Ramírez Gómez María Margarita , Peñaranda Rolón Andrea María , Serralde Ordóñez Diana Paola
Published: May 2023

La fertilización biológica integrada consiste en utilizar en forma adecuada fertilizantes minerales, abonos orgánicos y hongos formadores de micorriza arbuscular (HFMA) para reducir la cantidad de fertilizantes que se aplican al cultivo, con lo cual se obtienen mejores resultados en nutrición, producción y calidad de panela, se reducen costos y se disminuye la contaminación ambiental.
Workload, Usability, and Engagement with a Mobile App Supporting Video Observation of Methadone Take-Home Dosing: Usability Study
Authors: Idrisov Bulat , Hallgren Kevin A , Michaels Alyssa , Soth Sean , Darnton James , Grekin Paul , Woolworth Steve , Saxon Andrew J , Tsui Judith I
Published: May 2023

Background

Methadone, a cornerstone of opioid use disorder treatments for many decades, is an essential tool for combatting the opioid epidemic. However, requirements for observing methadone dosing in person through direct observed therapy (DOT) impose significant barriers for many patients. Digital technology can facilitate remote DOT, which could reduce barriers to methadone treatment. Currently, there are limited data on the usability of such technology among patients and counselors in methadone treatment settings.

Objective

The primary objective of this study was to assess the workload, usability, and engagement of a video-based DOT mobile app for patients with opioid use disorder receiving methadone treatment. The secondary objective was to assess the workload, usability, and engagement of the provider-facing app portal used by counselors.

Methods

Patients (n=12) and counselors (n=3) who previously tried video DOT for methadone through a smartphone app in an opioid treatment program participated in usability testing sessions. Participants completed essential tasks for video DOT, then provided ratings of workload (NASA Task Load Index), usability (modified System Usability Scale), and engagement (modified Engagement Scale) with the core features of the video DOT program

Results

Patients and counselors reported low mental, physical, and temporal demands, successful performance, low effort, and low frustration associated with activities. Patients reported high usability (mean 85, SD 9.5) and engagement (mean 3.8, SD 1.1); counselors reported moderate usability (mean 43.3, SD 17.7) and engagement (mean 2.81, SD 0.63).

Conclusions

A mobile health app that facilitates video-based DOT for methadone required a low workload for patients and counselors and was highly usable for patients in an opioid treatment program; however, there are opportunities to improve usability and engagement for the counselor-facing portal.
Investigating the Impact of User Trust on the Adoption and Use of ChatGPT: Survey Analysis
Authors: Choudhury Avishek , Shamszare Hamid
Published: May 2023

Background

ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) has gained popularity for its ability to generate human-like responses. It is essential to note that overreliance or blind trust in ChatGPT, especially in high-stakes decision-making contexts, can have severe consequences. Similarly, lacking trust in the technology can lead to underuse, resulting in missed opportunities.

Objective

This study investigated the impact of users’ trust in ChatGPT on their intent and actual use of the technology. Four hypotheses were tested: (1) users’ intent to use ChatGPT increases with their trust in the technology; (2) the actual use of ChatGPT increases with users’ intent to use the technology; (3) the actual use of ChatGPT increases with users’ trust in the technology; and (4) users’ intent to use ChatGPT can partially mediate the effect of trust in the technology on its actual use.

Methods

This study distributed a web-based survey to adults in the United States who actively use ChatGPT (version 3.5) at least once a month between February 2023 through March 2023. The survey responses were used to develop 2 latent constructs: Trust and Intent to Use, with Actual Use being the outcome variable. The study used partial least squares structural equation modeling to evaluate and test the structural model and hypotheses.

Results

In the study, 607 respondents completed the survey. The primary uses of ChatGPT were for information gathering (n=219, 36.1%), entertainment (n=203, 33.4%), and problem-solving (n=135, 22.2%), with a smaller number using it for health-related queries (n=44, 7.2%) and other activities (n=6, 1%). Our model explained 50.5% and 9.8% of the variance in Intent to Use and Actual Use, respectively, with path coefficients of 0.711 and 0.221 for Trust on Intent to Use and Actual Use, respectively. The bootstrapped results failed to reject all 4 null hypotheses, with Trust having a significant direct effect on both Intent to Use (β=0.711, 95% CI 0.656-0.764) and Actual Use (β=0.302, 95% CI 0.229-0.374). The indirect effect of Trust on Actual Use, partially mediated by Intent to Use, was also significant (β=0.113, 95% CI 0.001-0.227).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that trust is critical to users’ adoption of ChatGPT. It remains crucial to highlight that ChatGPT was not initially designed for health care applications. Therefore, an overreliance on it for health-related advice could potentially lead to misinformation and subsequent health risks. Efforts must be focused on improving the ChatGPT’s ability to distinguish between queries that it can safely handle and those that should be redirected to human experts (health care professionals). Although risks are associated with excessive trust in artificial intelligence–driven chatbots such as ChatGPT, the potential risks can be reduced by advocating for shared accountability and fostering collaboration between developers, subject matter experts, and human factors researchers.
Internet-Based Behavioral Activation for Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Alber Carolin Sophie , Krämer Lena Violetta , Rosar Sophia Marie , Mueller-Weinitschke Claudia
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Behavioral activation is an effective treatment for reducing depression. As depressive disorders affect many people worldwide, internet-based behavioral activation (iBA) could provide enhanced treatment access.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate whether iBA is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and to assess the impact on secondary outcomes.

METHODS

We systematically searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, and CENTRAL up to December 2021 for eligible randomized controlled trials. In addition, a reference search was conducted. Title and abstract screening, as well as a full-text screening, was conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Randomized controlled trials that investigated the effectiveness of iBA for depression as a treatment or main component were included. Randomized controlled trials had to report depressive symptoms, with a quantitative outcome measure and assess an adult population with depressive symptoms above cutoff. Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Data were pooled in random-effects meta-analyses. The primary outcome was self-reported depressive symptoms posttreatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines.

RESULTS

A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, with 3274 participants (88% female, 43.61 years) were included. iBA was more effective in reducing depressive symptom severity posttreatment than inactive control groups (standardized mean difference −0.49; 95% CI −0.63 to −0.34; P<.001). The overall level of heterogeneity was moderate to substantial (I2=53%). No significant effect of iBA on depressive symptoms could be found at 6-month follow-up. Participants assigned to iBA also experienced a significant reduction of anxiety and a significant increase in quality of life and activation compared to the inactive control groups. The results remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses. The risk of bias assessment revealed at least some concerns for all studies, and there was evidence of slight publication bias.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis implies that iBA is effective in reducing depressive symptoms. It represents a promising treatment option, providing treatment access where no treatment is available yet.

CLINICALTRIAL

International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021236822; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=236822
The Health Industry's Achilles Heel: Cybersecurity Threats. The Health Industry's Achilles Heel: Cybersecurity Threats. The National cyber security centre Board Toolkit. (Preprint)
Authors: Joseph Shawn
Published: May 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Hospitals have become increasingly reliant on digital technology to deliver healthcare services. This has led to significant improvements in patient care and operational efficiency. However, it has also made hospitals vulnerable to cyber attacks, which can have a significant impact on hospital operations. Cyber attacks can result in disruptions in patient care, loss of patient data, financial losses, and damage to hospital reputation. In view of the in March 2023, the National cyber security centre in United kingdom published a toolkit for the board members, which can be used by medical professional and leaders to tackle this ever-growing threat.
HealthySMS Text Messaging System Adjunct to Adolescent Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in the Context of COVID-19 (Let’s Text!): Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Haack Lauren M , Armstrong Courtney C , Travis Kate , Aguilera Adrian , Darrow Sabrina M
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

The widespread occurrence and devastating impact of adolescent depression warrant health service research focused on feasible and acceptable digital health tools to supplement evidence-based intervention (EBI) efforts, particularly in the context of shelter-in-place guidelines disrupting youth socialization and service use in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the promise of SMS text message interventions to enhance EBI engagement, our team developed the HealthySMS system as an adjunct to one of the most empirically supported interventions for adolescent depression: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group services. The system sends daily SMS text messages requesting responses assessing mood, thoughts, and activities; weekly attendance reminder messages; daily tips about adherence (eg, a prompt for activity completion); and personalized responses based on participants’ texts.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of HealthySMS in a real-world setting and explore potential mechanisms of change in EBI engagement, before evaluating the system’s impact on adolescents’ group CBT engagement and, ultimately, depression outcomes.

METHODS

Over the course of 2020, we invited all 20 adolescents receiving CBT group services for depression at an outpatient psychiatry clinic to enroll in our HealthySMS study; ultimately, 17 (85%) adolescents agreed to participate. We tracked participant initiation and engagement with the HealthySMS system as well as the content of SMS text message responses to HealthySMS. We also invited each participant to engage in a semistructured interview to gather additional qualitative inputs on the system.

RESULTS

All (n=17, 100%) research participants invited agreed to receive HealthySMS messages, and 94% (16/17) of the participants maintained use during the first month without opting out. We uncovered meaningful qualitative themes regarding the feasibility and acceptability of HealthySMS, as well as its potential impact on EBI engagement.

CONCLUSIONS

Taken together, the results of this pilot study suggest that HealthySMS adjunct to adolescent CBT group depression services is feasible and acceptable, as evidenced by high rates of HealthySMS initiation and low rates of dropout, as well as meaningful themes uncovered from participants’ qualitative feedback. In addition, the findings provide evidence regarding iterative improvements to the HealthySMS system and research protocol, as well as potential mechanisms of change for enhanced EBI engagement and, ultimately, adolescent depression outcomes, which can be used in future effectiveness research.
Chinese MTI Students’ Multiple Identities Construction: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Cai Junmin , Wu Lei
Published: May 2023

This article aims at unraveling Chinese MTI (Master of Translation and Interpreting) students’ multiple identities. The cultural shift of translation studies gives impetus to carry out research on identity and translation. However, the identity research of translators remains a nascent field, with insufficient attention given to the aspects of dynamicity and multiplicity. Regarding MTI students as translators, L2 users, and graduate students, this article delves into the interrelationship of their multiple identities. These three identities are gradually constructed and might interact with each other during MTI students’ graduate learning and translation practice, further affecting their self-cognition, professional emotions, and behaviors in translation practice. Finally, the article investigates the factors contributing to the construction of MTI students’ multiple identities. Considering the emergence of the field of MTI, it is necessary to systematically evaluate the external and internal factors that affect the development of MTI students’ multi-identities, so as to better adjust the construction of MTI major.
Salience and Learned Attention: A Study on the Perception of Uninflected Verbs by Brazilian Portuguese-English Bilinguals
Authors: Oliveira Kelly Cesário de , Oliveira Cândido Samuel Fonseca de
Published: May 2023

The present study explores the potential reasons for L2 users’ difficulty with inflectional morphology. We investigated the effects of salience and learned attention on the processing of second language inflectional morphology by Brazilian Portuguese(BP)-English bilinguals. To analyze the effects of salience, we tested L2 users’ perception of past regular verbs and past irregular verbs ending with /?t/, which involves a more salient change in the verb root. To probe the influence of learned attention, we compared their behavior concerning regular past tense makers (–ed) and regular present tense markers (–s), as the latter occurs in a grammatical context in which Portuguese uses null morphemes. We conducted an Acceptability Judgment Task to observe L2 users’ behavior in relation to sentences that were ungrammatical due to the use of uninflected verbs. The results indicate that the participants were more sensitive to the absence of regular past tense than to the absence of regular present tense marking, but the absences of regular and irregular past tense markings were perceived similarly. The study's results corroborate models that account for the effects of cross-linguistic influence on learned attention to linguistic cues and also reverberate through second language teaching practices.
Effects of Household Waste Disposal on Surface and Ground Waters in the Rapidly Urbanising Mamfe Town (South-West Region, Cameroon)
Authors: Toumba Oumarou , Anumveh Nkemasong N. , Nkongho Nkongho-Takor K.
Published: May 2023

Huge waste generation by the rapidly growing Mamfe town is posing enormous environmental challenges. This work that aimed at examining the implications of household waste on potable water sources, used the mixed research design, combining descriptive and experimental approaches. Ground (Two wells, one borehole) and surface (two streams) sources were sampled and empirical data for physicochemical parameters (PH, EC, water temperature, TDS, and salinity) of the five water samples were measured in-situ using a multi-meter and complemented by questionnaires and interviews information. Data obtained were analysed using the One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests. Except for the pH, values of 11 of the 12 physical and chemical elements (Temperature, EC, TDS, pH, Ca32+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, NO3 -) were within permissible limits of WHO drinking water standard. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two clusters: EC and TDS; and temperature  (?), pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, and salinity. Spearman correlation analysis for minor parameters as Temperature, EC, TDS and Cl- and major parameters of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+ and HCO3,reveals a strong positive correlation between HCO3- and Ca2+, temperature and NO3-. Therefore, municipal authorities are entreated to implement sustainable waste and water management strategies.
Alsobia jaltenangensis (Gesneriaceae: Gesnerieae: Columneinae), una especie nueva y endémica de Chiapas, México
Authors: Ramírez-Roa Angélica , Ibarra-Vázquez Adolfo
Published: May 2023

Se describe e ilustra Alsobia jaltenangensis, una especie nueva rupícola de Chiapas, encontrada en la localidad de Jaltenango de la Paz, municipio de Ángel Albino Corso. Se distingue de las 4 especies reconocidas del género por las hojas elípticas, lóbulos del cáliz elíptico-obovados, corolas blanquecinas sin máculas, con la garganta amarilla y el margen de los lóbulos erosos. Este descubrimiento incrementa a 5 especies conocidas para México y Centroamérica, de las cuales 4 están en México y 2 son endémicas de Chiapas.
Soil culturable microbial diversity in an undisturbed montane cloud forest of Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Leocadio Cinthya , Álvarez-López Nohely , Barrios Alejandra , Guerra Abraham , Tapia-Torres Yunuen , Velez Patricia
Published: May 2023

Montane cloud forests are among the most threatened ecosystems globally. These forests face several stressors, such as deforestation and climate change, jeopardizing their functional sustainability. Although microbial communities act as key regulators of the soil nutrient cycles, microfungal and bacterial diversity remains largely unknown in this ecosystem. We evaluated cultivable soil microbial diversity associated with the soil below iconic plant taxa (Cyatheaceae and Juglandaceae) in a pristine montane cloud forest of Mexico, and explored small-scale ecological patterns linked to edaphic biogeochemical variables. Our findings revealed the copious occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi such as Tolypocladium geodes and potentially phosphate solubilizer bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. We observed a strong association between edaphic microbial assemblages and environmental variables such as soil C:N:P availability. This close relationship with the physical setting should be considered for the development of management and in situ conservation strategies aiming to preserve microbial functions.
Influencia de los factores abióticos y del tipo de vegetación sobre la abundancia de los adultos de Photinus palaciosi (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) en Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala, México
Authors: Ramírez-Manzano Sandra Isabel , Cano-Santana Zenón , Cibrián-Tovar Juan , Luna-Cavazos Mario , Romero-Manzanares Angélica , Ruiz-Posadas Lucero del Mar , García-Moya Edmundo
Published: May 2023

Las luciérnagas (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) tienen importancia turístico-cultural debido a su bioluminiscencia. En el “Santuario de las Luciérnagas” (Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala) habitan poblaciones de Photinus palaciosi. Anualmente, este sitio es visitado por una gran cantidad de turistas. Sin embargo, faltan estudios ecológicos sobre la biología de la especie y factores abióticos que afectan la abundancia de sus poblaciones. Se comparó la abundancia de adultos en 3 tipos de vegetación y se analizó la relación de factores abióticos sobre la abundancia local de esta especie, se registró talla promedio y proporción de sexos. Se hicieron muestreos en bosque de encino, pino y mixto (pino-encino), con redes aéreas. Se recolectaron 397 especímenes (386 machos y 11 hembras). La temperatura, humedad, punto de rocío y el índice de calor, afectaron la abundancia de las poblaciones de la especie. No hubo un efecto de la vegetación sobre la abundancia y el tamaño corporal. La proporción sexual mostró un sesgo hacia los machos y diferencias entre el bosque de encino (frecuencia menor a la esperada) y el mixto presentó un patrón contrario. Es necesario seguir con estudios a largo plazo para comprender el estado de las poblaciones y proponer medidas de conservación.
Sixty years of Halffter’s Mexican Transition Zone: a systematic review using bibliometric tools
Authors: López-García Margarita M. , Morrone Juan J.
Published: May 2023

The Mexican Transition Zone (MTZ) has become a key concept that has promoted the consolidation of an integrative field of research. We reviewed the scientific publications on the MTZ with bibliometric tools to detect trends through time and analyze the conceptual structure and historiographic citation. We also performed a content analysis considering the conceptualization of the MTZ, the application of Halffter’s patterns of distribution, and the different disciplines where the term has been used. The number of publications per year has not been constant, but since 2012 there has been a general increase, becoming the MTZ frequently cited in papers and in some cases constituting a research topic. We identified divergences in the conceptualization of the MTZ and discussed the implications for biogeographic studies. Halffter’s conceptualization of the Mexican Transition Zone has inspired other authors to produce research focused on this area and to set biogeographic hypotheses but also to redefine the concept and make it applicable through its incorporation in the biogeographical regionalization of the Americas.
Synanthropic species of Asteraceae in Michoacán, Mexico
Authors: Ruiz-Acevedo Alma Delia , Villaseñor José Luis , Burgos-Hernández Mireya , Uscanga-Mortera Ebandro , Vibrans Heike
Published: May 2023

To study synanthropic plants (weeds), weeds need to be separated from non-weeds, a difficult task due to the existing gradient in nature. A representative family of the Mexican flora (Asteraceae) and a state very rich in species (Michoacán) are used as a model for this task and additional analyses. A total of 357 weeds are listed based on a critical review of specimens and bibliographic information, as well as defined criteria. In addition, tribes, growth forms, and geographic similarities with other states are examined for endemic, more widespread native, and introduced weeds. The main difficulty in differentiating weeds from non-weeds was the lack of accurate habitat information on herbarium labels. Most species grew in both disturbed and natural environments. Nearly half were endemic to the country, with only 4% introduced. The major Asteraceae tribes had relatively similar proportions of weeds, but exotics were concentrated in the tribe Cichorieae. Floristic similarities were mainly towards south-central Mexico. Most species were herbs and less than half annuals. We contribute to the delimitation and understanding of synanthropic species.
Pengolahan Meat Analogue Berbahan Plant-Based Pengganti Ayam
Authors: Ndouk Tristan Antonio , Efendi Moch Nur
Published: May 2023

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam di Bali, menganalisis rasa, tekstur, aroma, dan warna dari meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam dan menganalisis minat beli meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif, dan uji organoleptik. Hasil pengolahan meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam hampir menyerupai dengan daging ayam asli, yang dapat di nilai dari warna, tekstur, aroma, rasa. Minat beli meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam cukup tinggi karena berdasarkan data banyak orang yang mengganti pola makannya menjadi plant-based di Bali pada tahun 2020 pada masa pandemi.Potensi pangan nabati Bali sangat tinggi, karena target pasarnya luas yang dapat dijangkau. Pengolahan meat analogue berbahan plant-based yang dihasilkan hampir memenuhi semua aspek ayam dari segi rasa, warna, aroma, tekstur, masih mempunyai kekurangan dan kelebihannya masing-masing, contohnya seperti aroma dan juga tekstur yang belum dihasilkan secara maksimal, namun untuk rasa dan warna sudah menyerupai daging ayam asli. Minat beli meat analogue berbahan plant-based pengganti ayam cukup tinggi, dan masyarakat juga kurang informasi mengenai meat analogue, sehingga membuka peluang untuk membeli, mempromosikan dan menjualnya cukup besar.
 
The potential of this study aims to research plant-based chicken substitutes for meat analogs in Bali and analyze the taste, texture, aroma, and color. This study analyzes interest in buying plant-based chicken substitutes for meat analogs. The approach used in this research is qualitative. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and questionnaires. This research data analysis technique is a descriptive qualitative analysis and organoleptic test. The results of processing meat analogs made from plant-based substitutes for chicken are almost similar to actual chicken meat, seen from the color, texture, aroma, and taste. Interest in buying plant-based meat analogs instead of chicken is relatively high because, based on data, many people changed their diet to plant-based in Bali in 2020 during the pandemic. Therefore, Bali's plant-based food potential is very high because the target market is vast that it can reach. The processing of plant-based meat analogs produced almost fulfills all aspects of chicken in terms of taste, color, aroma, and texture. Each aspect has advantages and disadvantages, such as aroma and texture that have not been optimally produced but for taste and color. However, it already resembles real chicken. Therefore, the interest in buying plant-based meat analogs as a substitute for chicken is relatively high. The public also lacks information about meat analogs, thus opening up opportunities to buy, promote and sell them.
ChatGPT: Cross cultural tourism research imperative
Authors:   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China, Chen Sirong , Zhang Ke ,   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China, Li Xiaonan ,   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China, Ye Huiyue ,   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China, Lin Katsy Jiaxin ,   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China, Law Rob ,   Asia-Pacific Academy of Economics and Management, Department of Integrated Resort and Tourism Management, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Macau, China
Published: May 2023

Aim/purpose – Cultural differences play an influential role in driving tourism develop- ment and varying outcomes of technology acceptance. The impact of ChatGPT on tour- ism is yet to be explored. Therefore, this study discussed how ChatGPT may influence tourism development and management in different cultural contexts. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing specifically on individualism and collectiv- ism from Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory, this study compared the differences in the perception of ChatGPT between Oriental and Western cultures. Findings – Individualism and collectivism explain the diversity of perception on ChatGPT between Oriental and Western cultures. Research implications/limitations – Implications and suggestions are provided to aca- demia and industry accordingly. Particularly, the difference between technological con- cepts and tools is highlighted to avoid having excessive expectations toward tools. Originality/value/contribution – This study extends the research on tourism and Artifi- cial Intelligence and advocates additional attention to the imperative of cross-cultural differences regarding ChatGPT and tourism. Keywords: ChatGPT, large language models, tourism, cross-cultural analysis. JEL Classification: L83, L86, M14, O33, Z32.
Application of digital technologies to determine the properties of vegetation cover in agriculture
Authors: Latkin V.A.
Published: May 2023

At present, the use of digital technologies is becoming increasingly relevant in all fields of anthropogenic activity. In agriculture, an important area of digitalization is precision farming. In this case, the method of analyzing remote sensing data in geoinformation systems is of great importance; it enables identifying various parameters of agricultural crops (indices of vegetation, moisture availability, etc.) at processing. Therefore, it is important to develop a computer technology for manipulating the mentioned information and creating digital maps and models of the territory based on it. This requires high-quality work at the available satellite imagery materials. The author considers the course of determining the vegetation cover water indices in the ENVI software package using satellite images of the Landsat 7–9 survey systems. Based on the results of the calculation, digital 2D maps of the object under study were compiled, a GIS project (database) was developed, and a 3D elevation model was created. The obtained materials are intended for the analysis of natural and anthropogenic features, as well as for assessing the moisture content of the study object’s territory vegetation cover.
On assignment of new geographic names in the Larsemann Hills oasis (East Antarctica)
Authors: Florinsky I.V.
Published: May 2023

The author makes a summary for a series of geomorphometric, geological, and biological field studies by a complex team of the 68th Russian Antarctic Expedition performed at two areas of the Larsemann Hills oasis (Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica) in February 2023. The areas (a rocky island and a cape) are located to the south of the Stornes Peninsula, at the western border of the oasis with the Polararboken Glacier, on the Wilcock Bay coast. At the time of filed studies, both the areas were white spots on large scale topographic and geological maps, unexplored, and without any names given before. Guided by traditions of land explorers as well as considering the mapping practice of new territories, the 68th Russian Antarctic Expedition complex team assigned seven toponyms to the areas and their particular elements.
“How to motivate students in classroom mandatory music lessons?”
Authors: Bárbara de Souza
Published: May 2023

My experience teaching mandatory violin lessons during school time could have been more positive. Misbehavior, no engagement, no routine of practicing, and a deficient level of playing were some of the factors causing frustration in my teaching practice. Luckily, this frustration became an urge to change this situation and search for approaches to motivate the students in the context of mandatory music lessons. Action research and case study approaches were used for an intervention of three weeks in three different classrooms, with kids from 8-9 years old, from grade 5 at the Dutch Primary School system. Lesson plans were designed based on the principles of the Self-Determination Theory by Deci and Ryan (1985), with activities and strategies addressing the three innate psychological needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Logbooks were also used as a way of stimulating the self-regulation of the students. The intervention showed that encouraging the students' autonomy was the best way to motivate them, and that can be done through simple activities that can be easily implemented in the lessons. Increasing their autonomy in several activities also added to their feeling of competence and relatedness. Using the logbook to track their practice was also a powerful tool to help them practice and boost their motivation.
A 64-Channel sub-1nC Charge-balanced Stimulator IC for Seizure Suppression
Authors: Lee Seungah , Kim ByeongSeol , Bae Joonsung
Published: May 2023

We present a 64-channel implantable neural stimulator with sub-nC charge
balanced current stimulation for seizure suppression applications. The
regulated cascode current driver achieves almost full VDD compliance
voltage range. A passive charge balancing by shorting working and
reference electrodes with a bootstrapped switch keeps the residual
charge level within a safe limit, enabling faster-switching operation.
The stimulation parameters, such as current pulse width, channel
activation, activation frequency, and current amplitude, are highly
reconfigurable and adjusted through the SPI interface. Significantly,
the current amplitude can be varied from 1μA to 1.8 mA. As a result, the
proposed neural stimulator fabricated with a 0.18μm standard CMOS
process effectively suppresses seizures within a safe limit with a
residual charge of less than 1nC through the in-vivo test.
Impact of Magnetostriction Mechanism on Frequency Manipulation Ultrasonic Steering in EMAT
Authors: Li Yong
Published: May 2023

This work is mainly to describe the phenomenon at low frequency in my
previous publication. In this paper, the impact of the magnetostriction
mechanism is taken into consideration for the main idea. The
axisymmetric FEM model of the spiral-coil EMAT is established to
implement the simulation. With the help of the simulation, it is
demonstrated that the directivity of ultrasonic wave can be manipulated
by frequency. And it is found that the direction of Lorentz force that
dominates in the rail varies with time, but the magnetostrictive force
compels the ultrasonic wave mainly generated by the Lorentz force to the
axis. This describes well that the power of two combined mechanisms is
greater than that of only the Lorentz-force mechanism at low frequency.
Geochemical and Photochemical Constraints on S[IV] Concentrations in Natural Waters on Prebiotic Earth
Authors: Ranjan Sukrit , Abdelazim Khaled , Lozano Gabriella G , Mandal Sangita , Zhou Cindy Y , Kufner Corinna L , Todd Zoe R , Sahai Nita , Sasselov Dimitar D
Published: May 2023

Sulfur is important to planetary habitability, but the early sulfur
cycle is poorly understood. In particular, S[IV] species
(HSO,
SO), derived from volcanogenic
SO, are critically invoked in recent proposals for
origins-of-life chemistry and also influence atmospheric sulfur haze
formation, but their abundance in early natural waters is unclear. Here,
we combine new laboratory constraints on the kinetics of S[IV]
disproportionation with a novel aqueous photochemistry model to estimate
the concentrations of S[IV] in natural waters on prebiotic Earth. We
show that S[IV] disproportionation is slow in pH≥7 waters, with
timescale T≥1 year at room temperature, meaning that S[IV] was
present in prebiotic natural waters. However, we also show that
photolysis of S[IV] limits [S[IV]]< 100 μM in
global-mean steady state. Marine S[IV] was sub-saturation with
respect to atmospheric SO, meaning that
climate-altering, UV-attenuating sulfur hazes did not persist on
prebiotic Earth. [S[IV]] was much lower in natural waters
compared to the concentrations generally invoked in laboratory
simulations of origins-of-life chemistry (≥10 mM), meaning further work
is needed to confirm whether S[IV]-dependent prebiotic chemistries
discovered in the lab could have realistically functioned in nature.
[S[IV]]≥1 μM in terrestrial waters for: (1) SO
outgassing ≥20× modern, (2) pond depths <10 cm, or (3)
UV-attenuating agents present in early waters or the prebiotic
atmosphere. Our work illustrates the synergy between planetary science,
geochemistry and synthetic organic chemistry experiments in
understanding the emergence and maintenance of life on early Earth.
Simulating evaporative wet and dry cycles in Gale crater, Mars using thermochemical modeling techniques.
Authors: Das Debarati , Turner Stuart Matthew Robert , Schwenzer Susanne P , Gasda Patrick J , Palandri Jim , Berlo Kim , Leveille Richard John , Crossey Laura J , Tutolo Benjamin M. , Lanza Nina L.
Published: May 2023

The aim of this work is to understand the formation of primary
evaporites—sulfates, borates, and chlorides—in Gale crater using
thermochemical modeling to determine constraints on their formation. We
test the hypothesis that primary evaporites required multiple wet-dry
cycles to form, akin to how evaporite assemblages form on Earth.
Starting with a basalt-equilibrated Mars fluid, Mars-relevant
concentrations of B and Li were added, and then equilibrated with Gale
lacustrine bedrock. We simulated cycles of evaporation followed by
groundwater recharge/dilution to establish an approximate minimum number
of wet-dry cycles required to form primary evaporites. We determine that
a minimum of 250 wet-dry cycles may be required to start forming primary
evaporites that consist of borates and Ca-sulfates. We estimate that
~14,250 annual cycles (~25.6 k Earth
years) of wet and dry periods may form primary borates and Ca-sulfates
in Gale crater. These primary evaporites could have been remobilized
during secondary diagenesis to form the veins that the Curiosity rover
observes in Gale crater. No LiCl salts form after 14,250 cycles modeled
for the Gale-relevant scenario (approximately 106 cycles would be
needed) which implies Li may be leftover in a groundwater brine after
the time of the lake. No major deposits of borates are observed to date
in Gale crater which also implies that B may be leftover in the
subsequent groundwater brine that formed after evaporites were
remobilized into Ca-sulfate veins.
A spatially resolved and environmentally informed forecast model of West Nile virus in Coachella Valley, California.
Authors: Ward Matthew J , Sorek-Hamer Meytar , Henke Jennifer A , Little Eliza , Patel Aman , Shaman Jeff , Vemuri Krishna , DeFelice Nicholas
Published: May 2023

West Nile virus is the most significant arbovirus in the United States
in terms of both morbidity and mortality. West Nile exists in a complex
transmission cycle between avian hosts and the arthropod vector, Culex
spp. mosquitoes. Human spillover events occur when humans are in close
proximity to vector populations with high rates of infection. Predicting
these rates of infection and therefore the risk to humans is not
straightforward. In this study, we evaluate the hydrological and
meteorological drivers associated with mosquito biology and viral
development to determine if these associations can be used to forecast
seasonal West Nile risk in the Coachella Valley of California. To test
this, we developed and tested a spatially-resolved ensemble forecast
model of West Nile virus transmission in the Coachella Valley using 17
years of mosquito surveillance data and NLDAS-2 environmental data. Our
multi-model inference system indicated that the combination of a cooler
and dryer winter followed by a wetter and warmer spring and a cooler
than normal summer was most predictive of West Nile positive mosquitoes
in the Coachella Valley. The ability to make accurate early season
predictions of West Nile risk could allow local abatement districts and
public health entities to implement early season interventions such as
targeted adulticiding and public messaging before human transmission
occurs. Such early and targeted interventions could better mitigate the
risk of West Nile virus to humans in the Coachella Valley.