bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis of Aluminium and Copper Helical Coils in SHCTHE Using Cu-Ni Hybrid Nanofluid Under Laminar Flow Regime
Authors: Chandra Dangeti Sarath , Murthy Kuruva Krishna , Sivaramakrishna Valiveti
Published: August 2024

Experiments are conducted under laminar flow conditions. The sol-gel method is used for preparations of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) nanoparticle. The prepared Cu-Ni nanoparticles are surface treated to lower the sedimentation after suspending these nanoparticles in pure water. The impact of pitch (0.032, 0.042 and 0.052m), mass flow rate, coil material Aluminium (Al) and Copper (Cu), and volume concentration (0.02, 0.04 and 0.06) on heat transfer rate is computed. Reynolds number (Re), Nusselt number (Nu) are computed to evaluate thermal performance of counter flow helical coil heat exchanger. The overall heat transfer coefficient in case of a 12 turn copper coil is increased by 43.71, 52.196 and 60.782% for 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06 % vol respectively compared to distilled water at reynolds number equals to 2224. In this study the best optimal condition to operate shell and helical coil heat exchanger is 0.006% vol at Re=2224. This is due to mass flow rate and reduction in sedimentation of Cu-Ni nanoparticles in distilled water. This is due to flow ate and thermal conductivity of coil material.
Performance of Solar Collector Using Recycled Aluminum Cans for Drying
Authors: Kurhade Anant Sidhappa , Waware Shital Yashwant , Munde Kashinath Haribhau , Biradar Ramdas , Yadav Rahul Shivaji , Patil Prashant , Patil Vaishali N. , Dalvi Sagar Arjun
Published: August 2024

This study highlights the crucial role of flat plate collectors in solar dryer applications for drying agricultural produce. The aim is to develop a solar collector from discarded aluminium beverage cans, following the IS 1933, 2003 standard. The performance is evaluated at three different mass flow rates to dry 12 kg of green chillies. The cylindrical curved surfaces of the tubes are coated with a mixture of activated charcoal and blackboard paint to meet insulation standards. The total efficiency of the collector is determined by measuring the incoming and outgoing air temperatures at various mass flow rates. Additionally, the weight and moisture content removed from the 12 kg green chillies is monitored every 30 minutes throughout the day. The results show that efficiency decreases with increasing mass flow rates, with the solar collector achieving its highest efficiency of 67.89% at a mass flow rate of 0.005 kg/s, effectively removing 88% of the moisture content from the green chillies. This underscores the importance of optimising mass flow rates to maximize the efficiency of solar dryers using recycled materials. The use of activated charcoal and blackboard paint coatings on the aluminium cans enhances heat absorption and retention, contributing to the overall efficiency of the solar dryer. Future research could explore the application of this technology to other types of agricultural produce and further refine the coating materials to improve thermal performance.
Penyuluhan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) di Sekolah
Authors: Salamiyah Salamiyah , Hizriani Nani
Published: August 2024

Limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah padat terbesar dari pengolahan pabrik kelapa sawit. Limbah TKKS yang semakin meningkat jumlahnya menjadi ancaman serius terhadap lingkungan. Selain mengeluarkan bau yang tidak sedap dan mengganggu kualitas udara, limbah ini juga memiliki potensi untuk merusak ekosistem jika tidak dikelola dengan baik. maka diperlukan suatu upaya untuk memperkenalkan usulan program tim pengabdian masyarakat yaitu berupa penyuluhan pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah TKKS sebagai usaha memberdayakan masyarakat di Desa Sempulang Kecamatan Tanah Grogot Kabupaten Paser. Dengan pelatihan ini, diharapkan masyarakat dapat mengelola limbah tersebut secara mandiri dan berkelanjutan, serta memanfaatkannya dengan baik untuk keperluan pertanian. kegiatan penyuluhan ini adalah antusias para peserta yang sangat baik dalam merespon kegiatan penyuluhan pembuatan pupuk organik dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa para peserta ini tertarik untuk menerima ilmu yang disampaikan,dan ingin mencoba mengaplikasikan pembuatan pupuk organik tersebut di rumahnya masing-masing.
Assessment of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels in essential hypertension
Authors: Yıldız Ayla , Okutur Kerem , Eren Nezaket
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Most research in this field has highlighted the significance of the fibrinolytic system in essential hypertension, revealing anomalies within the coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways that contribute to a hypercoagulable condition. We aim to investigate thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) levels in individuals diagnosed with high blood pressure.
Methods: We compared 40 newly diagnosed cases of essential hypertension, who were not receiving antihypertensive medication, with 40 normotensive individuals as controls. Various parameters and TAFI levels were assessed in all subjects and compared between the groups. Additionally, hypertensive patients were classified based on whether they exhibited high or normal cholesterol levels (≥200 mg/dL).
Results: The concentrations of TAFI were significantly higher in the hypertensive cohort compared to the normotensive counterparts (116.95±29.76 and 77.72±32.78 (ng/mL) , respectively; P<0.001). In addition, the high blood pressure cohort exhibited a notably higher mean body mass index (BMI) in contrast to the normotensive group (29.55±4.82 vs. 24.93±3.07 kg/m2, respectively; P<0.001). On the other hand, the remaining results showed no statistically significant differences between the two cohorts. Linear regression analysis revealed that blood pressure status and BMI independently correlated with plasma TAFI levels.
Conclusions: The concentrations of TAFI are elevated in patients with high blood pressure compared to individuals with normal blood pressure, irrespective of high cholesterol levels. Further exploration is necessary to clarify the involvement of TAFIs in the pathophysiology of primary hypertension, necessitating advanced investigatory initiatives.
Listy 1956–1970
Authors: Giedroyc Jerzy , Zamoyski August , Zamoyska Hélène , Papieska Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Andrzej Stanisław
Published: August 2024

Tom zawiera nie tylko korespondencję między trojgiem autorów (Jerzy Giedroyc, August Zamoyski and Hélène Zamoyska) z lat 1956-1970, lecz również pisma autobiograficzne i teoretyczne Augusta Zamoyskiego dotyczące sztuki polskiej i europejskiej z lat 1918-1939 (formizmu, awangardy artystycznej, środowiska artystów w Paryżu w pierwszej połowie XX wieku), a także estetyki modernizmu, filozofii sztuki oraz rzeźby i technik rzeźbiarskich. Ważnym wątkiem korespondencji jest publikacja książek dwóch pisarzy rosyjskich Andrieja Siniawskiego i Julija Daniela w „Kulturze” poza cenzurą sowiecką. Występowali oni na Zachodzie pod pseudonimami. Giedroyc i Zamoyska pomagali im także po ich aresztowaniu i skazaniu na pobyt w obozie pracy.
Understanding the Mycorrhizal Network’s Ecological Symphony: A Review
Authors: Upasani R.R. , Barla Sheela
Published: August 2024

Mycorrhizal fungi, notably arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, are essential components of plant ecosystems as they promote nutrient exchange, stress tolerance and communication. They are in mutual symbiosis with 80% of terrestrial plant species, assisting with growth and communication. The complex symbiosis, mediated by fungal hyphae networks, enables plants to photosynthesize carbon for crucial nutrients such as nitrogen. Furthermore, they participate in plant communication, defense and resource distribution, thereby influencing plant community structure and efficiency. Mycorrhizal networks are connected to biological markets and source-sink relationships, furthering the beneficial trade interaction between plants and fungi. However, it is due to the fungemia that the resource distribution and transfer processes remain controversial.
Land Use Practices Effects on Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in North-central Vietnam
Authors: Hoang T.V.H.
Published: August 2024

Background: Soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil nitrogen (SN) are critical for maintaining soil health, fertility and sustainable cultivation practices. These indicators of soil quality are influenced by anthropogenic activities and global climate change (GCC). To effectively manage soil, it is essential to understand the dynamics of the soil properties, especially SOC and SN. Methods: The study aims to evaluate how different land use practices (LUPs) impact SOC and SN contents in North-Central Vietnam. The study focuses on the effects of anthropogenic activities and GCC. A total of 48 soil samples were collected in the field surveys during 2021-2023 from three typical land use types (LUTs), including natural forest land (NFL), crop cultivation land (CCL) and bare hill land (BHL) at the 0-10 cm surface topsoil. The samples were analyzed for soil texture, pH, bulk density (BD), SOC and SN. The effects of LUPs on SOC and SN contents were assessed using ANOVA software. Result: The predominant soil textures observed in all samples were clay and sandy loam, with low silt percentages. The NFL and CCL areas exhibited lower bulk density compared to BHL. The results indicate that CCL had the highest SOC and SN stocks, followed by BHL and NFL. The C/N ratio in CCL and NFL was greater than 10, suggesting a high decomposition rate of organic matter in cultivated and bare land areas. The pH of all soil samples was uniformly acidic. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating the impact of LUPs, specifically on SOC and SN contents and other soil properties.
Advancements in Sugarcane Tissue Culture: A Review
Authors: Gupta Vijeta , Sharma Sudhir
Published: August 2024

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is a vital crop with significant economic importance globally, primarily for its sugar and bioenergy production. Tissue culture techniques have emerged as valuable tools for sugarcane improvement, offering rapid multiplication, genetic transformation and germplasm conservation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in sugarcane tissue culture, focusing on protocol optimization, genetic transformation, somaclonal variation and their applications in sugarcane breeding programs. Various factors influencing the success of tissue culture protocols, such as explant selection, culture media composition, growth regulators and environmental conditions are discussed. Furthermore, the paper highlights the challenges and future prospects of sugarcane tissue culture, including the development of stress-tolerant cultivars, enhanced production of bioenergy and the integration of molecular techniques for precise trait manipulation.
Elucidating the Complex Relationship between the Neuroendocrine System and Environmental Stresses Identify by Possible Markers of Heat Stress in Cross Bred Calves
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Maurya S.K. , Shrivastava Dharam Prkash , Rai Vikas , Verma R.K.
Published: August 2024

Background: The behavioral, physiological and hormonal reactions of crossbred calves to various shade materials are the primary foci of this investigation into the multi-faceted effects of heat stress. The goal of research is to identify possible markers of heat stress resistance by elucidating the complex relationship between the neuroendocrine system and environmental stresses. Methods: By making various measurements regarding the calves’ physiological responses to heat stress and the functions of various kinds of shade materials. Result: Behavioral observations showed that various shade materials alleviated stress in different ways. In the open paddock, the crossbred calves were able to maintain normal physiological, biochemical and behavioral responses because of the favorable microenvironment created by the availability of agro-net and thatch as shade material throughout the summer. The effects of shade on metabolic parameters were shown by biochemical studies, which shed light on the physiological adaptations of the calves. Moreover, evaluations of hormones revealed complex hormonal modulations as adaptive processes. This study concluded that agro-net and other novel shade materials might be considered for use as summer cow shade; however, the material’s longevity has to be studied.
Potential Impacts of Dried Green Coleus forskolin Leaves on Changes of Body and Liver Weight, Glucose and Body Temperature, Serum Profiles in Mice
Authors: Mohammed A.A. , Al-Suwaiegh S. , Al-Suwaiegh S.
Published: August 2024

Background: Forskolin, an active compound extracted from the Coleus forskohlii plant, has a wide range of potential functions including losses of body weight, improves diabetes and improves cardiovascular health. Methods: Thirty sex albino mice, growing and adult males and females were classified into two groups; control group (G1) fed basal control diet versus C. forskolin group fed basal control diet containing C. forskolin leaves (G2; 1.5%) for four weeks. Changes of body and liver weight were recorded. Rectal temperature and glucose values were determined. In addition, blood samples were collected and were subjected for serum biochemistry analysis. Result: The results indicated that C. forskolin caused significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in body weight and glucose values in addition to significant increase (P less than 0.05) in rectal temperature. In addition, serum biochemistry parameters (total protein, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transferases, lactate dehydrogenase) were changed due to C. forskolin compared to control diet. It could be concluded that 1.5% C. forskolin supplementation modulates thermo-tolerance responses, blood glucose indices and serum metabolites.
Assessment of Organic, Inorganic, Integrated Nutrient Management and Subhash Palekar’s Natural Farming Practices in Fodder Oat and Sarson Mixture
Authors: Kumari Priyanka , Kumar Naveen
Published: August 2024

Background: Concern about environmental degradation and nutritional imbalance caused by continuous use of inorganic fertilizers have led to the need for studies comparing organic, inorganic and integrated nutrient management as well as Subhash Palekar’s natural farming in fodder crops through natural farming. Methods: The present investigation was conducted at the CSK HPKV, Palampur research farm, during the Rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20. Ten nutrient management treatments and three replications were included in the randomized block design of the trial. Result: Treatments comprised of recommended NPK through inorganic sources and integrated nutrient management (50 per cent recommended N + FYM + Jeevamrit) behaving alike resulted in better crop growth (plant height and shoot number), fodder yields (green and dry), nutrient uptake (N, P and K) and crude protein yield compared to organic (FYM @10 t/ha+Jeevamrit) and natural farming (Jeevamrit/Beejamrit + Jeevamrit) nutrient management treatments. Application of recommended NPK proved most profitable with highest net returns (₹ 1, 13,347 /ha) and net returns per rupee invested (2.95) followed by integrated nutrient management. The present work suggests that fodder oat + sarson mixture can be more productive and remunerative with the adoption of integrated nutrient management next to inorganic nutrient management.
PENERAPAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN FLIPBOOK PADA MATERI FIQIH KELAS X DI MAN KOTA BLITAR
Authors: Oktaviana Ade Irma , Muzaini Ahmad , Maula Ana Amirotul , Sofiya Julina Maula
Published: August 2024

This study aims to find out how to apply and motivate students to study Fiqh material on Riba, Banks and Insurance at MAN Blitar City using Flipbook media. This research uses qualitative and Research and Development approaches, which are included in qualitative descriptive type research. The instruments used in the study were teacher observation sheets, student observations and student response questionnaires. Research that has been done on the ability of teachers to use Flibook media for 10th grade students of MAN Blitar City. The teacher explained about Flibook media to the students and then the teacher ordered them to make a concept map because this is digital media. Before making a concept map of the teacher's requirements, students must have finished reading and watching the videos on Flibook. With this research it can be said that after the application of Flibook media, the motivation of the 10th grade students of MAN Blitar City experienced a very large increase.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara penerapan dan motivasi belajar siswa pada materi Fiqih tentang Riba, Bank dan Ansuransi di MAN Kota Blitar dengan menggunakan media Flibook. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dan pendekatan Research and Development, yang termasuk pada penelitian jenis deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah lembar observasi guru, observasi siswa dan angket respon pada siswa. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan media Flibook untuk siswa kelas 10 MAN Kota Blitar. Guru yang telah menjelaskan mengenai media Flibook ke siswa lalu guru menyuruh membuat peta konsep karena ini media digital. Sebelum membuat peta konsep syarat dari guru, siswa harus sudah selesai membaca dan melihat video yang ada pada Flibook. Dengan penelitian ini bisa dikatakan bahwa setelah adanya penerapan media Flibook, motivasi siswa kelas 10 MAN Kota Blitar mengalami peningkatan yang sangat besar.
PEMANFATAAN MEDIA QUIZIZZ DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Ali Sabrina Salsabilla , Nikmah Ainin , Khurin’ain Khurin’ain , Kahfi Muhammad Ray
Published: August 2024

The development of technology that exists today is growing. The existence of digital technology brings a new atmosphere to the world of education, especially in Indonesia. Learning becomes more interesting with the existence of technology-based learning media. One of the learning media based on digital technology is Quizizz. Quizizz is a digital platform for creating interactive quizzes with students that are very suitable for application in distance learning. Quizizz offers various interesting features for teachers to use with their students. The features offered include multiple choice quizzes, survey quizzes, essays, fill in the blank quizzes, checkbox quizzes, and so on. This research uses a qualitative approach and uses the literature review method by collecting data from journals and books related to the research topic as the main data source. The application of Quizizz in the learning process is a contemporary solution that adapts technology in learning so that students can learn interactively and not feel bored. In addition, this Quizizz application can also be used as a material for evaluating learning in class with the feature of calculating students statistics when working on evaluation questions.
 
Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi yang ada pada masa kini kian berkembang. Adanya teknologi digital membawa suasana baru pada dunia pendidikan, khususnya di Indonesia. Pembelajaran menjadi semakin menarik dengan adanya media-media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi. Salah satu media pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi digital ialah Quizizz. Quizizz merupakan sebuah platform digital untuk membuat kuis interaktif dengan peserta didik yang sangat cocok diaplikasikan dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh. Quizizz menawarkan berbagai fitur yang menarik untuk digunakan guru kepada siswanya. Adapun fitur yang ditawarkan diantaranya yaitu kuis pilihan ganda, kuis survey, esai, kuis mengisi bagian yang kosong, kuis mengisi kotak centang, dan lain sebagainya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan memakai metode kajian pustaka dengan mengumpulkan data dari jurnal dan buku yang berhubungan dengan topik penelitian sebagai sumber data utama. Penerapan Quizizz dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan sebuah solusi masa kini yang mengadaptasi teknologi dalam pembelajaran agar siswa dapat belajar secara interaktif dan tidak merasa bosan. Selain itu, aplikasi Quizizz ini dapat dijadikan pula sebagai bahan evaluasi pembelajaran di kelas dengan fitur perhitungan statistik peserta didik saat mengerjakan evaluasi soal.
Muhammad Abduh's Adabî-Ijtima'î pattern in Tafsir al-Manar
Authors: Akhmad Jazuli Afandi
Published: August 2024

This article aims to examine in depth the style of interpretation of adabî-ijtima’î. Muhammad Abduh considered some books of tafsir at that time and earlier times to be arid and rigid, because many interpreters directed attention to linguistic technicalities without paying attention to social aspects and eventually moved away from the purpose of the Qur'an. Abduh gave a breakthrough to this problem by presenting the style of tafsir adabî-ijtima’î, which is a style of interpretation of the Quran whose presentation emphasizes the beauty of language (literature). At the same time, the description of the discussion is more directed at socio-cultural criticism and community improvement based on the hidayah of the Qur'an. This article is the result of library research using a descriptive-analytical approach. The ijtima'î style is a tafsir that emphasizes an in-depth study of social and socio-cultural conditions by finding social "pathologies" in a society, mufassir tries to dig up instructions or guidelines from the Qur'an to improve the social conditions of the community. This method aims to free the mind from the shackles of taqlid and improve the Arabic style.
Penafsiran Zaghlul al-Najjār terhadap Atom Bertasbih dalam Kitab Tafsĭĭr al-Āyat al-Kauniyyah fĭ al-Qur’ān al-Karĭm
Authors: Muhammad Hilman Hirzi  , Hakam Chozin Fadjrul
Published: August 2024

There are some mufasir who argue that tasbih is only done by living creatures. However, this opinion is not in accordance with the Qur'an surah Al-Isra' verse 44 which suggests that everything tasbih to Him. Zaghlul al-Najjār interpreted the Qur'an surah Al-Isra' verse 44 in his book Tafsĭr al-Āyat al-Kauniyyah fĭ al-Qur'ān al-Karĭm explaining that tasbih is carried out by objects live and die with a comprehensive discussion of science compared to other commentators. The focus of the problem is how to interpret Zaghlul al-Najjār's atomic beads and their relevance to modern science. This research will complement the discussion of previous research on atomic prayer beads. This research method applies descriptive analysis and content analysis which thoroughly explores the content that needs to be investigated in the entire text. In Zaghlul al-Najjār's interpretation of atomic prayer beads there are many similarities and few differences with contemporary scientific theory. This is an implication of Zaghlul al-Najjār, who is one of the contemporary scientific commentators.
Kohesi Gramatikal pada 25 Qishotu Najah karya Raouf Shabayek
Authors: Saefullah Diego Akbar , Anam Faqihul
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan fitur-fitur gramatikal alat kohesi pada wacana naratif berbahasa arab yang berjudul “25 Qishotu Najah”.  Data penelitian ini merupakan wacana tulis Bahasa Arab yang bergenre naratif dengan judul “25 Qishotu Najah” yang ditulis oleh Rouf Shabayek. Adapun metode penelitian yang diguanakan adalah metode observasi dengan teknik catat sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Selanjutnya, metode agih diberdayakan sebagai metode analisis dan metode formal digunakan sebagai metode pemaparan data. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori perangkat kohesi gramatikal oleh Halliday dan Hasan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wacana 25 Qishotu Najah mendayagunakan perangkat kohesi gramatikal sebagai berikut, yaitu rujukan/referen, substitusi, dan konjungsi.
Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Film “Wasaawas” Karya Hana Abdullah ‘Alomair
Authors: Hidayati Avifah , Albab Ulil
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan kajian pragmatic dengan bahasannya tindak tutur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui serta menjabarkan berbagai jenistindaktuturi lokusi dan menggambarkan pengaruh daya ilokusi yang terdapat dalam film Wasaawas. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitan ini yaitu film Wasaawas karya Hana Abdullah ‘Alomair, kemudian didukung oleh buku-buku yang sesuai dengan penelitian, jurnal-jurnal ilmiah, sertadari internet. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan teknik simak bebas cakap. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu didalam film Wasaawas terdapat lima jenis  tindak tutur ilokusi serta daya ilokusinya. Adapun lima jenis tindak tutur ilokusi tersebut yaitu: Tindak tutur ilokusi Asertif (representatif), tindak tutur ilokusi direktif, tindak tutur ilokusi komisif, tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif, dan tindak tutur ilokusi deklaratif. Kemudian daya ilokusi dalam tindak tutur ilokusi asertif, seperti, melaporkan, menyatakan, menunjukkan. Daya ilokusi dalam  tindak tutur ilokusi direktif, seperti meminta, menginterogasi, memerintah, menyarankan. Daya ilokusi dalam tindak tutur ilokusi komisif, seperti berjanji, bersumpah, menawarkan. Daya ilokusi dalam tindak tutur ilokusi ekspresif, seperti memuji, membenci, membantah, mengkritik. Daya iokusi dalam tindak tutur ilokusi deklaratif, seperti melarang, memutuskan, mengizinkan.
The Role of Gangubai as a Surrogate Mother in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's Gangubai Kathiawadi
Authors: Dinurriyah Itsna Syahadatud
Published: August 2024

This research aims to examine Gangubai’s role as a surrogate mother in the brothel of Kamathipura. A surrogate mother is crucial in the prostitution area since the sex workers do not have any access to law, education, or health facilities. They even are threatened with being homeless. Thus, Gangu’s emergence as the leader in the brothel saves the prostitutes there. She is chosen by her friends in the brothel as the one who can protect their lives. Gangu is a well-educated girl from a prominent family in Kathiawar. Her father is a well-known lawyer. Therefore, she is the one who advocates for women who work in the prostitution area in Kamathipura. Like her, women who are trapped as sex workers are those who are deceived by the ones they love. Gangu turns out to be a sex worker after her boyfriend, Ramnik, manipulated her to be a film star. This research is a qualitative one that explores the analysis through textual critical description. This research employs the feminist-rational choice approach that emphasizes female liberation on gender, strategy, institutions, power, and change. To get the findings, this research focuses on two themes that are the idea of a surrogate mother in the brothel and how the surrogate mother implements her power to protect her workers in her place.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Resistance to Antiviral Monoclonal Antibody Therapy on Neutralizing Antibody Response
Authors: Paul Marc-Kendy , Choudhary Manish , Heaps Amy , Deo Rinki , Moisi Daniela , Gordon Kelley , Mellors John , Moser Carlee , Klekotka Paul , Landay Alan , Currier Judith , Eron Joseph , Chew Kara , Smith Davey , Sieg Scott , Parikh Urvi , Li Jonathan
Published: August 2024

Background: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have played a key role as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, but there is a potential for resistance to develop. The interplay between host antibody responses and the development of monoclonal antibody (mAb) resistance is a critical area of investigation. In this study, we assessed host neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses against both ancestral virus and those with treatment-emergent E484K bamlanivimab resistance mutations.
Methods: Study participants were enrolled in the ACTIV-2/Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally (ACTG) A5401 phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bamlanivimab 700 mg mAb therapy (NCT04518410). Anterior nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing and S gene next-generation sequencing to identify the E484K bamlanivimab resistance mutation. Serum nAb titers were assessed by pseudovirus neutralization assays. 
Results: Higher baseline (pre-treatment) nAb titers against either ancestral or E484K virus was associated with lower baseline viral load. Participants with emerging resistance had low levels of nAb titers against either ancestral or E484K nAb at the time of study entry. Participants with emergent E484K resistance developed significantly higher levels of E484K-specific nAb titers compared to mAb-treated individuals who did not develop resistance. All participants who developed the E484K mAb resistance mutation were eventually able to clear the virus. 
Conclusion: Emerging drug resistance after SARS-CoV-2-specific mAb therapy led to a heightened host neutralizing antibody response to the mAb-resistant variant that was associated with eventual viral clearance. This demonstrates the interplay between the antiviral treatment-directed viral evolution and subsequent host immune response in viral clearance.
Sustainability of donor funded food security projects in Bumula Sub-County, Bungoma County, Kenya
Authors: Walukano Doris Nambuye , Wanyonyi Luketero Stephen
Published: August 2024

Donors fund several projects that are geared towards food security. However, sustainability is key in ensuring that these projects serve their purpose after the funders cease funding these projects. This study investigated factors influencing the sustainability of donor-funded food security projects in Bumula Sub-County, Kenya. It focused on stakeholder participation, education, training, and funding. Using a descriptive research design, the study surveyed 274 participants from 11 donor-funded projects. Results showed strong positive correlations between all four factors and project sustainability, with stakeholder participation having the strongest influence. Participants reported high levels of involvement across project stages, good agricultural knowledge, well-executed training programs, and effective financial management. Projects were generally perceived as successful, particularly in meeting quality expectations and timelines. However, areas for improvement were identified in budget management and stakeholder satisfaction. The study concludes that a comprehensive approach addressing all four factors, with emphasis on stakeholder involvement, is most effective for ensuring project sustainability. Recommendations include enhancing stakeholder participation in evaluation, bridging technology awareness gaps, optimizing training programs, maintaining strong financial management, and improving budget control measures. These findings provide valuable insights for improving the long-term impact of donor-funded food security initiatives in similar contexts.
The role of immune checkpoint inhibitors and/or Yttrium-90 radioembolization in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges of treatment sequence
Authors: Ruff Samantha M. , Pawlik Timothy M.
Published: August 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive primary liver cancer secondary to chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. In the setting of chronic inflammation, the liver’s tightly regulated immune system is disrupted, resulting in immune cell fatigue. This makes the liver vulnerable to tumorigenesis. Surgery and/or transplantation offer the best long-term survival for patients diagnosed with early HCC. Unfortunately, patients commonly develop recurrent or metastatic disease. Some patients will present with unresectable HCC or liver dysfunction. As such, locoregional therapy options may be limited. Research is focused on leveraging the distinctive liver immune microenvironment and its role in HCC carcinogenesis for the development of more effective systemic therapies. Given the success of immunotherapy in treating advanced HCC, the scientific community is looking to expand the indications of immunotherapy to the neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant setting and in combination with other locoregional therapies. We herein review the most recent data on the use of neoadjuvant or adjuvant immunotherapy and its combination with Yttrium-90 (Y90) radioembolization for HCC for curative intent.
PERANCANGAN BUKU BAHASA LAMPUNG DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN ANAK USIA 5 SAMPAI 7 TAHUN
Authors: Mataram Sayid , Faizal Daffa Ramadiansyah
Published: August 2024

Lampung language is one of Lampung Province's cultural assets. Lampung language is the Lampung people's mother tongue. However, the Lampung language is gradually being abandoned and is rarely spoken, particularly among children and young people. This study will look at the design of Lampung language books with illustrations in order to pique the attention of youngsters aged 5 to 7 years old in learning the Lampung language. Children can thus contribute to the preservation of the Lampung language. This article will explain components of reading and writing book creators, namely color aspects, illustration aspects, layout aspects, and content aspects.
 Keywords: book, culture, illustration, child
Evaluation of 4th European i-Tree Conference & Urban ReLeaf Plenary
Authors:   University of Dundee, Frediani Kevin , Morely Nadine , McGee Debbie
Published: August 2024

Headline outcomes · 170 delegates from 10 countries attended the conference · Contributing over *£282,030 in Direct Economic Benefit (DEB) and £110,555 in Gross Value Added (GVA). 4th European i-Tree Conference & Urban ReLeaf Plenary was hosted at Dalhousie Building, University of Dundee, Dundee Scotland, from 19 – 21 June 2024. *This figure has been calculated using the Direct Expenditure Benefit (DEB) rates, recognised by the Scottish Government, and used by all the cities, destinations, and industries across Scotland. Post-conference Evaluation Study developed in consultation with Nadine Moreby, Treeconomics and Kevin Frediani at University of Dundee Botanic Garden.
On proving an Inequality of Ramanujan using Explicit Order Estimates for the Mertens Function
Authors: De Subham
Published: August 2024

This research article provides an unconditional proof of an inequality proposed by \textit{Srinivasa Ramanujan} involving the Prime Counting Function $\pi(x)$, \begin{align*} (\pi(x))^{2}<\frac{ex}{\log x}\pi\left(\frac{x}{e}\right) \end{align*} for every real $x\geq \exp(547)$, using specific order estimates of the \textit{Mertens Function}, $M(x)$. The proof primarily hinges upon investigating the underlying relation between $M(x)$ and the \textit{Second Chebyshev Function}, $\psi(x)$, in addition to applying the meromorphic properties of the \textit{Riemann Zeta Function}, $\zeta(s)$ with an intention of deriving an improved approximation for $\pi(x)$.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) for Diagnosing and Treating Tumors of the Female Reproductive Systems: Challenges and Advances
Authors: Gao Xin , Li Haoyu , You Chunxia , Zhou Lala , Shi Qinxuan , Yang Zhanglong , Shao Sicong , Zhang Yudong
Published: August 2024

Background: Ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers stand as fatal health killers for women's mental and physical health, especially affecting female reproductive systems. Exploiting weakly supervised learning and explainable AI techniques are crucial for fast, accurate, and robust automatic marker detection, efficient prevention, and primary treatment of gynecological tumors. Methods: With respect to the PRIMSA methodology, weakly supervised learning schemes and deep learning-based schemes are investigated in the cross-subject fields of clinical diagnostic imaging and explainable AI technology. Related methods, opening research problems, and challenging subjects are explored in the screening and treatment of gynecological tumors and performing cancer image diagnosis in the latest study. Results: Keynote approaches combining ultrasound medicine, explainable AI, and clinical imaging technology are summarized. In combination with learning-based methods with medical imaging, prospective insights are put forward for refreshed concepts on treatments in the area of gynecological oncology, with a feasible range of applications for their corresponding AI techniques. Conclusions: Explainable AI and deep learning-based approaches are capable of performing accurate classification between benign and malignant tumors, yielding a pathway to care for women's health, improving the survival rate of patients, pacing with disease prediction, and matching the strategic goal of "Healthy China 2030".
Overcoming Waste Management Challenges in Costa Rica: Evaluating Practices, Government Initiatives, and Future Strategies
Authors: NAVARRO JIMÉNEZ ANDREA
Published: August 2024

Costa Rica, despite its global recognition for environmental sustainability, is grappling with a critical waste management crisis that threatens its ecological and public health achievements. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of Costa Rica's waste management system, focusing on the acute challenges in urban areas like San José, where nearly 47% of the nation’s waste is generated. The research highlights significant issues, including inadequate landfill capacities, low recycling rates, and regional disparities in waste management practices. Employing a hybrid modeling approach that integrates Linear Regression and ARIMA models, the study forecasts trends in waste minimization practices from 2024 to 2050, underscoring the importance of public engagement in recycling programs. Key findings reveal that Costa Rica's recycling rate remains alarmingly low at 9.6%, far below the global average and significantly less than countries like Germany and South Korea. The analysis critiques current government initiatives, such as the Environmental Health Route policy and the National Circular Economy Strategy, noting their limited success in improving recycling rates, particularly in rural areas. The study underscores the necessity for enhanced infrastructure, targeted public education, and the adoption of innovative technologies like AI and blockchain to achieve sustainable waste management. The findings contribute valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, offering strategic recommendations to bolster Costa Rica's efforts in aligning with global best practices and advancing its environmental sustainability goals.
Overcoming Waste Management Challenges in Costa Rica: Evaluating Practices, Government Initiatives, and Future Strategies
Authors: NAVARRO JIMÉNEZ ANDREA
Published: August 2024

Costa Rica, renowned for its environmental sustainability, faces a pressing waste management crisis that endangers its ecological and public health achievements. This study provides a detailed analysis of Costa Rica's waste management challenges, particularly in urban areas like San José, where nearly half of the nation's waste is produced. Major issues include insufficient landfill capacity, a low recycling rate of 9.6%, and significant regional disparities in waste practices. Using a hybrid modeling approach with Linear Regression and ARIMA models, the study forecasts waste minimization trends from 2024 to 2050, emphasizing the critical role of public participation in recycling efforts.The findings reveal limited success in government initiatives like the Environmental Health Route and the National Circular Economy Strategy, especially in rural areas. The study underscores the need for improved infrastructure, targeted public education, and the adoption of innovative technologies like AI and blockchain to achieve sustainable waste management. Strategic recommendations are provided to help Costa Rica align its waste management practices with global standards, enhancing its environmental sustainability and addressing the ongoing crisis effectively.
Development and Validation of a Thermal Model for Selective Laser Melting of 316L SS and Ti6AI4V
Authors: Abdelal Gasser , Higgins Daniel , Chan Chi-Wai , Falzon Brian
Published: August 2024

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a complex additive manufacturing process that requires precise control of thermal conditions to ensure the quality and reliability of produced parts. The main challenge lies in accurately predicting the thermal behavior during SLM, which is influenced by rapid heating and cooling cycles, high thermal gradients, and temperature-dependent material properties. This study addresses this challenge by developing a comprehensive thermal model for the SLM process of 316L stainless steel (316L SS) and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in Abaqus. The model incorporates temperature-dependent material properties and phase transformations to simulate the temperature distribution and thermal history during SLM.
To validate the model, experimental studies were conducted using custom-designed argon chambers and stainless-steel powder. The experimental results showed strong agreement with the simulated melt pool dimensions and thermal histories, confirming the model's accuracy. Key findings include the model's ability to predict the effects of varying processing parameters such as laser power and scanning speed on thermal behavior and melt pool characteristics. This validated model serves as a valuable tool for optimizing SLM processing parameters, enhancing the un-derstanding of thermal phenomena in additive manufacturing, and improving the quality and reliability of manufactured parts.
Due to budget constraints, experimental validation was initially performed only on 316L SS. This approach allowed for the tuning of the finite element model before extending its application to Ti6Al4V. The successful validation with 316L SS provides a solid foundation for applying the model to more challenging materials like Ti6Al4V, ensuring cost-effectiveness and safety in initial experimentation.
The novelty of this research lies in its detailed and validated thermal model, which bridges the gap between experimental and numerical approaches in SLM. By accurately simulating and validating the thermal processes involved in SLM, this study contributes to the advancement of additive manufacturing technologies and offers practical insights for industrial applications.
Analysing the Functional Behaviour of Gear Components Made from PA6 Polymer Using Additive Technology
Authors: ILINCĂ Costin Nicolae , RAMADAN Ibrahim Naim , NEACȘA Adrian , LAUDACESCU Eugen Victor
Published: August 2024

This research will investigate how heat treatments affect the behaviour of 3D printed gears made from Polyamide 6 (PA6), a thermoplastic polymer with excellent mechanical properties. However, imperfect structures can result from the 3D printing process, which involves rapid cooling of the molten polymer. Gears were manufactured from PA6 by means of a dedicated 3D printer and their behaviour in gears was then analysed by means of various specific test protocols. Some of the gears were subjected to annealing heat treatments to determine material behaviour, which was a key aspect of this study. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to investigate the effect of heat treatments on the mechanical properties of PA6 thermoplastic material, specifically in the area of 3D printed gear mechanisms. The simulations included both static and transient conditions to determine the influence of different heat treatments on the mechanical properties of PA6. Through the use of comprehensive FEA, the research investigates the deformation, stress distribution and strain rates in 3D printed gears and elucidates the correlation between the mechanical properties and the contact pressure on the tooth flanks during gear operation. As conclusion the study mainly uses numerical simulations based on mechanical characteristics determined in our laboratory. The contribution of the study lies in the novelty of highlighting, through the results obtained, the influence of heat treatments on wear and mechanical stress related factors.
Cognitive Functioning and Symptomatic Correlations during Audiovisual Multisensory Integration in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tang Enze , Chen Nuo , Li Jian , Ding Hongwei , Chen Hui
Published: August 2024

Background: Multisensory integration (MSI) avoids cognitive overload, and the traditional all-or-nothing perspective for dysfunctional MSI in schizophrenia has been increasingly challenged. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze extant evidence on audiovisual MSI in schizophrenia. Methods: We searched Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES databases from inception until April 16th, 2024. Studies using appropriate audiovisual integration tasks to compare either behavioral or neural responses between schizophrenia individuals and healthy controls were included. Primary outcome measures included between-group differences (Hedge’s g) and symptomatic correlations (Fisher’s z) in three components of audiovisual integration tasks, including audiovisual processing, adaptation and integration. The multilevel random-effects models were used to address statistical dependency. Results: In total, 209 between-group and 116 correlational effect sizes were synthesized from 46 studies, representing 1,108 non-overlapped schizophrenia participants and 1,084 healthy controls. The overall dysfunctional audiovisual MSI in schizophrenia (g = -0.50, [95% CI, -0.64 to -0.37]) was primarily ascribed to the impaired audiovisual processing (g = -0.53, [95% CI, -0.71 to -0.35]) and adaptation (g = -0.71, [95% CI, -0.99 to -0.42]), rather than integration itself (g = -0.23, [95% CI, -0.56 to 0.11]). Pooled correlational effect size was extremely small (z = 0.16, [95% CI, 0.03 to 0.30]). Conclusions: Individuals with schizophrenia show dysfunctional multisensory processing and adaptation, but preserve a less impaired multisensory integration ability. Our findings provide implications for clinical interventions, as the relatively preserved audiovisual integration ability may serve as a possible avenue for cognitive training programs.
An Investigation of the Effect of the Traditional Naxi Herbal Formula Against Liver Cancer through Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and In Vitro Experiments
Authors: Yan Xiuxiang , Inta Angkhana , Yang Xuefei , Pandith Hataichanok , Disayathanoowat Terd , Yang Lixin
Published: August 2024

The formula Chong-Lou-Yao-Fang (CLYF) is an herbal medicinal formulation developed by the indigenous Naxi people for treating liver cancer. This study is to reveal the biological activity, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of CLYF for cancer treatment through network pharmacology, molecular docking and in vitro experiments. 35 key compounds were screened from 176 active ingredients in CLYF, which played a vital role in the treatment of cancer, 20 core targets were filtered through protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) indicated that PI3K-Akt, MAPK, hepatitis B, hepatitis C might be effective in liver cancer treatment. Mo-lecular docking revealed stable binding between EGFR, TP53, and AKT1 with active ingredients. Experiments with cell cultures confirmed that CLYF-A suppressed the proliferation of HepG2 cells, which is consistent with the network pharmacology approach undertaken and the predictions of molecular docking. CLYF-A also induced significant apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells, which was associated with the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. This study explored the biological activity, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of CLYF for cancer treatment. Our results may provide a scientific basis for the clinical use of CLYF for cancer treatment and have important implications for developing pharmaceutical preparations, which also need more phar-macological experiments.