bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Landscape Agroecology: Methodologies and Applications for the Design of Sustainable Agroecosystems
Authors: Altieri Miguel A. , Nicholls Clara I. , Molina Manuel González de , Rojas Angel Salazar
Published: October 2024

Agroecosystem function is related to the positioning of the agroecosystem and its connectivity relationship with the surrounding landscape. Herein three methodologies are presented, which allow assessment of the links between agroecosystems and the surrounding matrix, yielding information for promoting patterns and mechanisms which foster biodiversity and the provision of multiple ecosystem services such as biological pest control, as well as energy flows and material exchanges. Through the use of 11 indicators a methodology (Assessment of Beneficial Insect Habitat Suitability-ABIHS) was applied in two northern California vineyards to determine whether each agrolandscape provided suitable environmental opportunities to sponsor biological insect pest control. The Main Agroecological Structure [MAS] applied in Chilean family farms, elucidates some of the relationships between farms and their biophysical environment, generating data to analyze the links between agroecosystem landscapes, management practices, and insect diversity in family farms. Agrarian metabolism (AM) applied in Spanish agrolandscapes, quantifies the biophysical and energy flows in agricultural systems testing whether such flows are capable of reproducing and/or improving fund elements such as soil, biodiversity, and landscape vegetation, in successive production cycles. The three methodologies provide key information for the design of sustainable agroecosystems in the context of an agroecological transition.
Manufacturing and Properties of Jute Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites—A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Iqbal Raiyan Mohammad , Ahammad Raju , Arifuzzaman Md , Islam Md Shariful , Islam Md Mainul
Published: October 2024

Jute fiber reinforced composites have become a very promising alternative to synthetic fiber composites because of their favorable environmental characteristics, cost efficiency, and good mechanical properties. The present review provides a comprehensive examination of the manufacturing processes and mechanical properties of composites reinforced with jute fibers. This study investigates the influence of several fabrication methods, such as hand lay-up, compression molding, injection molding, pultrusion, etc. on the mechanical properties of the composites. It also provides the SWOT analysis of various manufacturing processes of jute fiber reinforced composites. The important aspects including fiber orientation, fiber-matrix adhesion, and the effects of different surface treatments on improving mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact resistance are discussed. The difficulties associated with moisture absorption, degradation, and the lack of uniformity in jute fibers, as well as approaches to alleviate these problems are presented. The goal of this study is to establish a basis for future investigation and advancement in enhancing the mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced composites.
Las estrategias de apropiación en el encierro
Authors: Gilardi Ana
Published: October 2024

La dinámica normativa en los espacios de privación de la libertad en la Ciudad de México afecta a los jóvenes en una dimensión subjetiva a través del Sistema Penitenciario, el cual pretende desdibujar su identidad singular en un proceso de homogeneización a través del uso de uniformes, el sometimiento a una rutina con horarios y actividades preestablecidas, etcétera. Sin embargo, la creatividad aflora. La lógica normativa estrictamente reglamentada no sólo restringe temporalmente la libertad individual, sino que provoca un impacto en los jóvenes que erosiona su autonomía y, por lo tanto, la capacidad humana de la autodeterminación. Frente a ello, los sujetos reaccionan a través de estrategias de resistencia al orden establecido o nuevas alternativas de transgresión para apropiarse del espacio, hacer visible su identidad en la piel y reafirmar sus subjetividades.
Ciudad negra, Antología de poetas de Ciudad Juárez 1980-2013
Authors: Salazar Mendoza Margarita
Published: October 2024

El sábado 28 de abril, en el Centro Cultural de las Fronteras y dentro de la Feria de los Libros, se presentó Ciudad negra, título que recibió la antología de poesía, cuyo responsable fue Jorge Humberto Chávez.
Observatorio de Seguridad y Convivencia Ciudadana:
Authors: Sandoval Ríos Diana Penniel
Published: October 2024

Como parte fundamental del observatorio y bajo la dirección de la Dra. María Teresa Martínez Almanza, durante el periodo de agosto a octubre de 2023 en el OSYCC se dio inicio a proyectos innovadores que impacten de manera positiva la ciudadanía, desde la esencia misma del observatorio, el cual construye sus bases en la seguridad y la convivencia ciudadana. Con esto, es importante valorar la intención de estos proyectos, pues se preocupan por crear propuestas de mejora en la atención de las poblaciones en las que pretenden incidir, así como a la orientación y educación de los temas que se trabajan ahí, con el objetivo de mejorar el tejido social.
La elección de Rector de la UACJ para el periodo 2024-2030
Authors: De la Cruz Hermida Gisselle
Published: October 2024

Deseo aprovechar este espacio para reflexionar sobre el reciente proceso de elección del Dr. Daniel Alberto Constandse Cortez como rector de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez para el período 2024-2030. Este aporte no redunda en la narrativa expresada en los medios o en el dicho de los actores que han sido partícipes de este proceso. Se retoman algunas variables de la literatura politológica con el fin de caracterizar el proceso electivo en la UACJ.
¿Es tiempo de mujeres?
Authors: Jiménez Zepeda Laura
Published: October 2024

Con el triunfo de la Dra. Claudia Sheinbaum en nuestro país como próxima jefa del ejecutivo y la postulación de la vicepresidenta Kamala Harris como candidata presidencial demócrata en los Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, el tema del liderazgo político femenino en ambas sociedades ha despertado diversas expectativas.
Presentación. Producción cultural y sociedad en la Frontera Norte
Authors: Pineda Jaimes Servando , Botello Mares Adrián
Published: October 2024

Para este número de Cuadernos Fronterizos presentamos el dossier referente al tema de producción cultural y sociedad. En Ciudad Juárez, y en la frontera norte mexicana en general, no es lo más común que se sepa apreciar y reconocer lo que se produce culturalmente por su misma sociedad, es decir, en este caso lo que surge como consecuencia de una interacción sui generis con el país vecino del norte o con la cultura dominante nacional en el centro de México...
Conjunctival Melanoma with Rhabdomyosarcomatous Differentiation:
Authors: Llemit Angeline , Cardos Xavier George , Padilla John Patrick
Published: October 2024

This is a case of malignant melanoma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation presenting as a conjunctival mass in a 50-year-old male. Melanoma cells were seen to react with desmin, myogenin and vimentin, indicating rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation. This condition is very rare, with less than twenty cases reported in the literature, which contributes to the limitations in molecular characterization and standard treatment protocols for this entity. This condition has an aggressive course with a poor prognosis.
Enhancing Oil Recovery in Eagle Ford Shale: A Multiscale Simulation Study of Surfactant Huff ’n’ Puff Methodology
Authors: Zhang J. , Zhang R. , Ataceri I. , Sarmah A. , Schechter D. , Gildin E.
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a simulation case study of a surfactant huff ’n’ puff pilot in the black oil window of the Eagle Ford (EF) Shale. The target horizontal well, which had been depleted for nearly 8 years, underwent stimulation via a surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatment. The surfactant was selected through laboratory screening using reservoir rock and fluid samples. After a 17-hour injection and a 1-month shut-in period, the well’s production increased fivefold from the baseline oil rate, sustaining incremental oil production for at least 2 years. The surfactant enhances oil recovery by altering rock wettability toward a more water-wet state and moderating oil/water interfacial tension (IFT). This process is modeled by surfactant adsorption in the simulator, indicating the degree of dynamic changes in relative permeability (krl) and capillary pressure (Pc) curves. We propose a comprehensive workflow comprising three stages: development of core-scale and field-scale models, sequential model calibrations, and multiobjective optimization to integrate laboratory measurements and field data from this pilot into multiscale numerical simulations. By matching oil recoveries from imbibition experiments on the core model and field production histories on the field model, krl and Pc profiles of two extreme states, basic reservoir properties, and additional reservoir properties altered during huff ’n’ puff operations are characterized. The matched core model reproduces a 15.1% incremental oil recovery for surfactant-assisted spontaneous imbibition (SASI) process relative to pure brine imbibition process. The matched reservoir model predicts the surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatment increases the oil production by 21.9% relative to water huff ’n’ puff treatment and by 52.9% relative to primary depletion for a 4-year period. The calibrated reservoir model also serves as a base case for optimizing well operation schedules through the implementation of a multiobjective genetic algorithm. The surfactant injection rate, injection time, and well shut-in time of the base case are varied to achieve higher oil production and reduced surfactant usage. Statistical analysis of eight trade-off cases indicates that optimal well operations, compared with existing practices, frequently involve increased injection rates [16.6–18.9 barrels per minute (bpm)], shorter injection periods (10–11.3 hours), and prolonged shut-indurations (49–65 days). This workflow offers valuable insights into surfactant huff ’n’ puff treatments for unconventional reservoirs, thereby facilitating the optimization of well operations and maximizing tertiary oil recovery.
A case of rhabdomyolysis in Sudan
Authors: Taha Mohammed Mohammed , Azhary Ayman , Hajhamed Nooh Mohamed , Mohammed Salahdeen Ismail , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Alkhatim Waleed Azhary Sir
Published: October 2024

Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by the breakdown of the sarcolemmal membrane and the discharge of intracellular materials into the bloodstream. This condition has high mortality rates. Therefore, this case report will be valuable in adding knowledge for preventing the severe aftereffects of rhabdomyolysis, such as AKI, heart failure, metabolic acidosis, and early hypocalcemia, as well as in promoting early diagnosis and treatment. We present a case of a Sudanese soldier with complicated rhabodomyolysis. A 40-year-old soldier, with a clear medical background apart from heavy smoking, presented to the emergency room (ER) with chest pain and right lower limb pain for one day. On further questioning, he had a history of dark urine and muscle cramps after heavy military exercise five days ago. In the ER after assessment, he was diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and was out of the thrombolysis window. He also had right lower limb ischemia, confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography, in addition to an acute kidney injury. He was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), developed ischemic cardiomyopathy, and had a large left ventricular thrombus. His creatine kinase (CK) level was very high (52000 U/L), and his renal impairment was attributed to rhbdomyolysis. He received conservative treatment for ischemic cardiomyopathy and acute kidney injury (AKI) and underwent an embolectomy for his right lower limb ischemia. On the third day of ICU admission, he developed left lower limb ischemia, for which he underwent an embolectomy again. After 10 days of admission, his renal profile returned to normal with conservative treatment, and he is due to continue follow-up with the cardiology and surgical departments. Complicated rhabdomyolysis normally leads to acute kidney injury; therefore, rapid recognition and comprehensive management of the underlying causes can lead to favorable outcomes, including renal function recovery and reduced need for dialysis.
Analytical Prediction of Electromagnetic Performance for Surface- embedded Permanent Magnet In-wheel Machines Considering Iron's Nonlinearity
Authors: Zhang Heshan , Fan Mengwei , Qiao Jie , He Xianjin , Yang Minglei , Tuo Jiying
Published: October 2024

Accurate magnetic field calculation is the premise of electromagnetic performance prediction. Conventional subdomain (SD) techniques assume that the iron's relative permeability is infinite, leading to falsely overestimated flux density. We propose an accurate magnetic field analytical model for permanent magnet (PM) in-wheel machines considering iron's magnetization nonlinearity and saturation. Specifically, according to the excitation source and topology, the entire solution domain of the machine is divided into sub-regions such as stator slots/teeth, stator slot-openings/tooth-tips, air-gap, and rotor slots/teeth, etc. Poisson's or Laplace's magnetic vector potential (MVP) equations are solved using Maxwell's electromagnetic theory and complex Fourier series methods in each sub-region. Specifically, in our approach, The Cauchy product theorem addresses the discontinuous magnetic permeability change at the slot and tooth interface. The machine's magnetic saturation effect is considered by combining the actual magnetization characteristics of iron with an iterative algorithm. The general solution for the MVP is solved using the boundary conditions between adjacent subregions. Subsequently, electromagnetic properties such as air-gap flux density, back electromotive force (EMF), and electromagnetic torque are obtained. The accuracy of the analytical model is verified by finite element analysis (FEA) and prototype tests, which proved that the proposed analytical model can consider the iron's nonlinearity and the magnetic saturation. In addition, the inaccurate overestimation of electromagnetic torque and air-gap magnetic flux density by the conventional SD techniques has also been proven.
Complexities in achieving air pollution-related equity goals through a net-zero transition in the United States
Authors: Peng Wei , Wang Pengfei , Budolfson Mark , Deshpande Aniruddha , Wagner Fabian , Errickson Frank , Huang Xinyuan , Iyer Gokul , Loughlin Daniel H , Nolte Christopher , Smith Steven , Shiwang Jinyu , Scovronick Noah
Published: October 2024

Reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will be accompanied by air quality improvements. The potential for these ‘co-benefits’ has been demonstrated globally and in the United States, but the impact on disparities in air pollution exposure is not well understood. Here we couple a state-level energy system model with air quality modeling to project fine-scale pollution impacts of the transition to a net zero economy. We find that achieving net zero in the United States leads to substantial reductions in PM2.5 and ozone overall, but not everywhere, and that its influence on exposure disparities is complex. The two pollutants sometimes move in opposite directions, as do the effects on future disparities across socioeconomic groups. Future meteorology plays an underappreciated role; more warming can flip a reduction in an exposure disparity to an increase in some areas, even when holding emissions constant, suggesting that the level of climate action by other nations will impact air pollution exposure inequities within the United States.
Analysis of the efficacy of two molecular adjuvants,flagellin and IFN-γ,on the immune response against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: elumalai Preetham , Lakshmi Sreeja , kumar Nandha , Guha Ritam , Wang Alex , Wangkahart Eakapol , Wang Tiehui
Published: October 2024

Aquaculture industry frequently encounters disease outbreaks, high mortalities as well as emergence of new pathogens due to its intensification. Streptococcus agalactiae (Lancefield’s group B Streptococcus) is an important pathogen extensively causing infectious diseases in tilapia resulting in huge economic loss and mortality rates. To date, vaccination has been approved to be successful in defending infectious diseases prevailing among farmed fish species. This study aimed to develop an S. agalactiae inactivated vaccine (SAIV) using molecular adjuvants- flagellin and tilapia interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and to assess the generated immune response and protective efficacy of the adjuvant incorporated vaccine against the S. agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia. The fish were vaccinated with SAIV together with either flagellin or IFN-γ and both together by intraperitoneal injection. The vaccinated fish were challenged with a virulent strain of S. agalactiae on day 36 and monitored three weeks for cumulative mortality. The results showed that the vaccine offered significant protection with relative percentage survival (RPS) of 59.37%, 71.87% and 81.25% observed for bacterin vaccine adjuvanted with flagellin, IFN-γ and both, respectively, with an RPS of 15.62% for the unadjuvanted bacterin control group after challenge with S. agalactiae. The vaccine induced specific IgM antibodies against S. agalactiae in the vaccinated groups and the antibody response was significantly increased following booster vaccination in the fishes administered with vaccine adjuvanted with flagellin, IFN-γ and both. Furthermore, after vaccination MHC-II and IgM gene expression was found significantly upregulated in head kidney and spleen, in line with elevated specific IgM titer. Innate immune parameters including catalase, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase and bactericidal activities were significantly increased in fishes immunized when compared to the unvaccinated controls (P < 0.05). Histopathological examinations with tissue sections of head kidney, spleen, liver, kidney, gills and brain were performed from fish vaccinated and non-vaccinated showed mild infiltrations. In conclusion, flagellin and IFN-γ have shown potential for use as molecular adjuvants to enhance the efficacy of fish vaccines against S. agalactiae infections.
EMobileViT:Multi-head linear attention backbone for edge devices
Authors: Liu Yang , Zhang Jieliang , Chen Liwen , Liu ChunYu , Zeng Yubin
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become an indispensable part of industrial production and life. The performance of edge devices in robots or mobile device can not control the needs of high-performance models. Therefore, it is essential to design a lightweight model that guarantees high accuracy and low latency for edge devices. Hence, this paper proposes a edge device-friendly lightweight backbone network called EMobileViT. On the basis of MobileViT-v2, we change the connection and fusion method of the feature map to extract and retain richer features, and use a multi-head linear Transformer and Context Broadcasting(CB) module to speed up and improve the operating efficiency of the model. In this paper, we set up multiple sets of experiments to verify the effectiveness and practicality of various improvements. The experimental results show that our EMobileViT model at the edge devices, the accuracy rate can be improved by 5.2% under the premise that the latency is almost unchanged.
Accelerating increases in heat waves durations under global warming
Authors: Martinez-Villalobos Cristian , Fu Danning , Loikith Paul , Neelin J. David
Published: October 2024

In addition to increasing in frequency, heat waves are expected to last longer under global warming. The probability distributions of heat wave durations are affected by correlations of temperature from one day to the next, and so cannot be simply extrapolated from changes in the probabilities of daily temperature values. Using analysis informed by theory for autocorrelated fluctuations, here we show that changes in long-duration events increase nonlinearly with temperature. This produces an acceleration of the rate increase with warming — each subsequent increment of regional time-average warming T increases the characteristic duration scale of long heat waves more than the previous increment. The curve for this acceleration can be approximately collapsed onto a single dependence across regions by normalizing by local temperature variability. Projections of future change can thus be compared to observations of recent change over part of their range. The near-future projected acceleration is supported by this comparison and consistent with theoretical expectations. Furthermore, the longest, most uncommon heat waves for a given region have the greatest increase in probability, yielding a compounding source of nonlinear impacts.
Ultimate Bearing Capacity of Embedded Footings Placed on Rock Slopes Using Adaptive Finite Element Limit Analysis
Authors: Yang Gang , Xu Dongjin , Liu Xiaoming , Jia Qinji , Xu Haifeng
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the influence of the embedment depth of rigid footings resting on rock slopes on the ultimate bearing capacity and evaluates the corresponding failure mechanisms. In most previous studies, the embedment depth was assumed to be the depth at which the footings were placed on the ground surface and simplified by applying an equivalent surcharge. This simplification neglects the shear strength of the embedding rock mass, leading to an underestimation of the ultimate bearing capacity of the footings. Therefore, an adaptive finite-element limit analysis (FELA), including both lower and upper bound simulations, is employed; in particular, the rock mass is assumed to follow the modified Hoek–Brown failure criterion. A set of influential parameters, including the embedment depth ratio, the edge distance ratio, the slope gradient, and the geotechnical parameters of the Hoek-Brown criterion, is introduced to conduct detailed parametric studies. The results indicate that the ultimate bearing capacity increases linearly with the embedment depth of the footings, a trend that cannot be accurately predicted by methods that replace the embedment depth with an equivalent surcharge. Three typical failure patterns were observed in the rock slope-footing system; design tables featuring these identified failure patterns are presented to aid in engineering design.
Social Welfare and Government Size
Authors: Andrés Javier , Bandrés Eduardo , Doménech Rafael , Gadea Maria Dolores
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we analyze the effect of government size on social welfare and GDP per capita growth for the sample of 36 OECD countries in the last six decades. Our initial results show that the effects are negative but smaller in absolute terms in the case of welfare than for GDP per capita. This result is robust to changes in the estimation method, to the use of smoothed variables, to the inclusion of dummy variables that control for expansions and recessions, and to additional control variables, such as the composition of expenditures and taxes, and public debt. However, and more importantly, we find that the effect of government size follows an inverted U-shape: positive and greater on social welfare than for GDP per capita growth when government size is below 35% to 40%, and negative beyond that threshold. Interestingly, the range of values for which government size positively affects growth and welfare expands significantly with government quality, productive spending, and low levels of debt. An efficient public sector on all these fronts is more important to maximize social welfare and critical to economic development than the size of the government per se.
JEL Classification: E62, H50, O40
Transfer learning for accelerated failure time model with microarray data
Authors: Pei Yan-Bo , Yu Zheng-Yang , Shen Jun-Shan
Published: October 2024

Background: In microarray prognostic studies, we expect to identify genes that are associated with disease-free survival or overall survival. However, due to the rarity of the disease and the cost of sample collection, we face the challenge of limited sample size, which may prevent accurate risk assessment. It necessitates the method that can utilize information from similar studies or data for gene selection and risk assessment of the target task.
Results: We model the time-to-event data using the accelerated failure time model (AFT). We propose a transfer learning method for the AFT model to improve the fit on the target cohort by borrowing information from source cohorts adaptively. The Lasso penalty is used for gene selection and regularized estimation. We use Leave-One-Out cross validation based methods for evaluating the relative stability of individual genes and overall prediction significance.
Conclusion: We demonstrate through simulation studies that the transfer learning method for the AFT model can correctly identify a small number of genes, its estimation error is smaller than the corresponding error without using source cohorts. Meanwhile, the proposed method demonstrates satisfactory robustness and accuracy against cohort heterogeneity compared to the method that directly combines the target and source cohorts in the AFT model. We analyze the GSE88770 data and the GSE25055 data using the proposed method. The selected genes are relatively stable, and the proposed method has overall satisfactory prediction power.
Neuroprotective potential of testosterone against aluminium chloride and d-galactose-induced Alzheimer-like pathology aggravated by overcrowding in mice: Role of Nrf2, HO-1, TNF-α, GSK-3β, PI3K and AKT pathway
Authors: Rabie Shaimaa , Ibrahim Micheal Kamal , Zaki Hala Fahmy , Said Helmy Moawed
Published: October 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive deficits and degenerative changes in the brain, accompanied by neurochemical alterations. Overcrowding refers to a condition of stress caused by a high population density. This stress has both physical and psychological effects. We investigated the potential neuroprotective mechanisms of testosterone focusing on Nrf2 and prosurvival, GSK-3β, PI3K and Akt and neuroinflammation pathways; TNF-α, IL-1β and P38 MAPK against AlCl3/d-gal-induced AD in overcrowded mice. Fifty Swiss Albino male mice were treated as follows: Gp 1: mice were i.p injected with saline for 80 days and served as the normal control group, Gp 2: mice were administered AlCl3/d-gal [AlCl3 at a dose of (20 mg/kg) followed by d-galactose at a dose of (120 mg/kg) for 40 days], Gp 3: mice were administered AlCl3/d-gal along with exposure to overcrowding for a further 40 days, Gp 4: mice were given AlCl3/d-gal followed by treatment with a single dose of testosterone (100 mg/kg) on day 41 and Gp 5: mice were administered AlCl3/d-gal followed by treatment with a single dose of testosterone on day 41 coupled with exposure to overcrowding for a further 40 days. AlCl3/d-gal and overcrowded AlCl3/d-gal groups resulted in behavioural, neurochemical, and histopathological changes in mice. Testosterone improved animals’ behaviour and mitigated AlCl3/d-gal-induced and overcrowded AlCl3/d-gal-induced Alzheimer-like disease. Testosterone exerted a neuroprotective effect against AlCl3/d-gal-induced Alzheimer-like pathology in both non-crowded and overcrowded groups via upregulation of Nrf2, HO-1, GSK-3β, PI3K and Akt and marked reduction in TNF-α, IL-1β and P38 MAPK.
Dynamics and vibration reduction performance of a motion amplified nonlinear energy sink
Authors: Shao Yu-Fei , Ji Jin-Chen , Ding Hu
Published: October 2024

Suppressing micro-amplitude vibrations is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed in aerospace engineering applications. Nonlinear energy sink (NES) has shown remarkable performance as an effective passive vibration damping device. However, the NES’s performance is less effective when dealing with micro-amplitude vibrations. This paper proposes a motion-amplified NES (MANES) that can suppress micro-amplitude vibrations in the primary system. The governing equations of the system are derived using the Hamilton’s principle. The approximate analytical solution of the equations is obtained and validated by numerical methods. The effects of different parameters are discussed, and higher vibration reduction efficiency can be obtained by adjusting system parameters. The results are compared with those of a cubic NES (CNES) under the same parameters. It is found that due to stronger nonlinear factors, the coupled system with MANES may exhibit higher branching responses under harmonic excitations. However, the MANES demonstrates superior vibration suppression performance and a wider vibration reduction bandwidth when dealing with micro-amplitude excitations. Moreover, with the increase of external excitation, MANES consistently enters the effective vibration reduction range earlier, indicating that MANES has a lower effective threshold for vibration reduction. This study reveals the vibration suppression mechanism of MANES, providing a theoretical basis for the suppression of micro-amplitude vibrations in engineering.
Modeling the Long-Term Economic Impact of Stock Market Bubbles: Analyzing DAX Volatility and Its Effects on German Real GDP Using Fractional Brownian Motion
Authors: Houssam BOUGHABI
Published: October 2024

This paper investigates the relationship between stock market dynamics and macroeconomic indicators, specifically focusing on the DAX index and German real GDP during a bubble period. By extending the Johansen-Ledoit-Sornette (JLS) model to incorporate fractional Brownian motion, we capture the long-memory properties of volatility. Our first model successfully estimates the DAX volatility during a speculative period using a FIGARCH(1,d,1) framework, revealing persistence in volatility. The second model explores how stock prices influence real GDP, demonstrating that prolonged volatility impacts macroeconomic performance. Our findings highlight the importance of accounting for financial market volatility in forecasting long-term economic stability.
JEL Classification. G12, G15, E32, C22
Thermal Influence on Space Charge Accumulation in Multilayer Dielectric Insulation for HVDC Systems
Authors: Fatiha Rogti
Published: October 2024

Accumulation of space charge within the dielectric material who is used in high-voltage direct –current (HVDC), is estimated from measured space charge distribution as a function of temperature using the pulsed electro acoustic (PEA) technique. A sandwich structure constituted by two nonidentical dielectric films Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) and Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) was subjected to an electric stress level of +14.3 kV/mm at three temperatures: 20 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C. Space charge and electric field distributions were investigated for combinations of LDPE/FEP flat specimens. The time dependence of the space charge distribution was subsequently recorded at different temperatures under field (polarization) and short circuit conditions (depolarization). Experimental results demonstrated that temperature plays a significant role in space charge dynamics at the dielectric interface. The increase in temperature may result in an enhancement of charge injection from the electrodes, and increase the activation energy of charge, which in turn enhances charge mobility and conductivity. A great quantity of interfacial charge is introduced at high temperatures. The increase of the temperature increases charge injection, charge mobility, electrical conductivity, and filling of the trap, and the formation of the shallow trap.
Early Rushing Attack Detection and Prevention in AODV MANETs
Authors: Zimbele Getaneh Awulachew , Asres Teamerat Mekonnen , Kifle Tewodros Mekuria
Published: October 2024

In Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), data and route security are the primary concerns. One of the major techniques used to ensure data and route security is an intrusion detection and mitigation system (IDS). MANET attacks can be classified into active and passive attacks. Among active attacks, the rushing attack is one of the basic network layer attacks. In MANET, it early exploits the duplicate suppression mechanism of Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) protocol by quickly forwarding the RREQ packet to neighboring nodes without processing it, to influence a source node to include the rushed node in its route, which leads to data loss when transmitting the data packet to the correct destination node.
This document proposes the rushing attack detection and prevention algorithm called Early Rushing Attack Detection and Prevention in AODV MANETs (E-RADP) to fill this gap. In our proposed algorithm, instead of a single constant threshold value, a ratio of the RREQ time and hop count, and previous time stamps are introduced into the RREQ packet header. To advance security, threshold value, ratio, and intermediate delay are used for rushing attack detection and prevention processes. For the performance analysis, the network simulator NS2.35 is used. The proposed protocol is compared with AODV, Prevention of Multiple Rushing Attacks Using AODV Routing Protocol (PMRA), and Rushing Attack Prevention with modified AODV (MAODV) based on true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative values of normal and malicious nodes, and throughput, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay. E-RADP improves the rushing attack detection rate (DR), throughput, and packet loss rate (PLR) of existing protocols. It also improves the end-to-end delay (E2ED) of existing protocols when a rushing node is present in a MANET. Thus, the performance analysis shows that E-RADP is highly secure and faster than existing algorithms.
School-Based Support for Children and Young People with Chronic Tic Disorders: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kramer Jaxon , Makarem Leanne , Jackson Mike
Published: October 2024

Children and Young People (CYP) with chronic Tic Disorders (TD) are estimated to account for 3% of mainstream students worldwide. The school experiences of CYP with TD are often negative, ranging from TD-related learning difficulties, to unhelpful responses from teachers and victimisation from peers. TD have been associated with poor quality of life, impaired social-emotional development, and other adverse long-term outcomes. Therefore, creating inclusive school environments that are sensitive to the needs of CYP with TD is crucial. This study aimed to review existing empirical evidence relating to school-based support for CYP with TD. A scoping review and narrative synthesis of empirical evidence was carried out using literature identified through a comprehensive search of four databases (ProQuest, Embase, Scopus, ESBCO), and subsequent searches for grey literature and citation-chaining. Systematic screening resulted in a total of nine studies being included in the present review. Findings revealed a paucity of empirical evidence related to providing school-based support for CYP with TD. There was significant heterogeneity among included studies. Four thematic sub-groups were used to discuss key findings: Limited Knowledge and Experience of Teachers and School-Staff; Learning: Barriers, Accommodations, and Classroom Strategies; Enhancing Understanding and Empathy in Peers of CYP with TD; and Effective Systemic Communication. This review aims to provide a useful mapping of empirical evidence and digest of their respective key findings related to school-based support for CYP with TD. Implications of key findings for clinical practice and future research is discussed.
The Phenomenon of Culture in the Value System of Kuzbass University Students (Based on Focus Group Interviews)
Authors:   Higher Agricultural School, Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Matveeva Elena V. , Alagoz Alisa V. ,   Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Panichkina Elena V. ,   Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, Askhakova Aminat P. ,   Kemerovo State Institute of Culture
Published: October 2024

The subject matter of the research presented in the article is the key priorities in the system of values and ideals characteristic of the worldview of the Kuzbass university students. The purpose of the research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the youth’s value system based on the case of university students in Kuzbass. The research methodology includes the axiological-normative, systemic and comparative approaches. The axiological-normative approach is enabled evaluating the worldview of young people as a kind of social ideal. A systemic approach has made it possible to draw a relationship between the worldview of young people on cultural issues and contemporary processes of educating a patriotic personality. The empirical basis of the study has been formed by the results of focus group interviews conducted in April-May 2022 among students of two regional universities in Kuzbass. The literature review on this issue showed that, for all the importance of the culture aspect for patriotic education of young people, the studies cover only certain aspects of this topic. Attention is paid to such issues as the normative and regulatory practice of applying the concepts of culture, cultural policy and state cultural policy in Russian science, the impact of state programmes and patriotic-focused events on the worldview of young people and the formation of youth’s political culture. The authors have found that students of programmes focused on creativity studies and arts tend to perceive the phenomenon of culture as a combination of material and spiritual benefits of people, traditions, ideas, etc. At the same time, youth culture is most often associated with protest behavior. Students of humanities do not show interest in culture in general, but in youth culture, perceiving it as a socio-political phenomenon. Issues related to the identification of a system of values and ideas reveal general similarity of the positions of the two universities. Students note such values as individualism, freedom of self-expression and self-development, freedom in creativity. It is noted that in order to prevent the radicalization of student youth, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive monitoring of Kuzbass university students.
Communication Campaigns for the Image Formation of the Administration of the Urban District “Chita”: Effectiveness of Communication Channels
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Romanova Ilona V. , Orlova Maria A. ,   Administration of the town district “Chita Town”
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research topic is primarily due to the fact that the image of the authorities is a tool for communication and interaction with the population. At the same time, one of the most common ways of forming an image can be called the conduct of communication campaigns, an important stage of which is the choice of communication channels. Studying the effectiveness of communication channels will avoid image damage, as well as wasted efforts in conducting a communication campaign as a result of incorrectly chosen communication channels. The object of the research is communication campaigns to form the image of the authorities. The subject of the research is the effectiveness of communication channels for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of the Administration of the urban district “City of Chita”. The purpose of the research is to develop criteria for the communication channels effectiveness for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of authorities; on the basis of the research carried out by the authors, an analysis of the communication channels effectiveness for the formation of the image of the Administration of the urban district “Chita” and formulate practical recommendations on the use of communication channels, taking into account their effectiveness. Task: to study the concept and essence of the image of the authorities; to consider the organization and conduct of communication campaigns to form the image of the authorities; to give a concept, define types and develop criteria for the effectiveness of communication channels for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of authorities; to consider the organization and conduct of communication campaigns to form the image of the Administration of the urban district “City of Chita”; analyze the effectiveness of communication channels for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of the Administration of the urban district “City of Chita”; to develop practical recommendations on the use of communication channels for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of the Administration of the Chita urban district.General scientific and special research methods are used: general scientific methods of research: analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction as well as special ones: quantitative method of sociological research – questionnaire survey. The results of research of the communication channels effectiveness for conducting communication campaigns to form the image of the Administration of the urban district “Town of Chita” are presented. In the course of the research, criteria for evaluating the communication channels effectiveness are developed, as well as practical recommendations are made on the use of communication channels, taking into account their effectiveness.
A System Model of the Universe Evolution
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Pavlenko Yuri V.
Published: October 2024

Through the cognitive paradigm, strategy, tactics, tools of the internal connections of the system approach, as well as bifurcation, the most important methodological problem of the natural science of the matter of the Universe as a way of scientific knowledge of its nature and evolution is considered. The relevance of the research is determined by the expediency of the methods systematization for structuring the vast scientific knowledge about the nature of the fundamental properties of matter accumulated by mankind over the entire historical period as the fundamental physical substance of the Universe. The object of the research is the natural unity of its constituent parts. The subject of the research is knowledge about matter, structural systematics of ways of organizing matter. The purpose of the research is to create a fundamental model of the fundamental structural levels of matter in the form of a visual rank scale. The research objectives are designed to improve theoretical and practical knowledge of the organization of the structure of matter and the comprehensive study of its properties. For open systems that are self-correct through feedback, the most popular are transdisciplinary methodologies that increase the reliability of systematization of individual types of systems and systematics in general. The methodological apparatus of individual scientific disciplines is used. The methodology and technique of scientific research include procedures for selecting and processing the most reliable primary empirical material.Matrix systematics allows the author to formulate several new original scientific propositions, as well as the following system law of the evolution of the Universe: emergent properties of elements of open energy structural models, as well as the type, form of motion of wave energy and material systems of these models evolve bifurcationally at fundamental system levels (in system blocks).
Analysis of Approaches to the Distribution of Pollutant Discharge Limits between Sources of Negative Impact on Water Bodies
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Shalikovsky Andrey V. ,   Russian Research Institute for Integrated Water Management and Protection.  Eastern Branch, Kurganovich Konstantin A. ,   Transbaikal State University,   Russian Research Institute for Integrated Water Management and Protection.  Eastern Branch
Published: October 2024

Relevance. In the development of mineral deposits, an important factor affecting the volume of water inflow in the development and complicating mining operations is the water cut of the deposits. Technogenic waters formed during drainage and diversion of water during mining are discharged into rivers, which leads to the degradation of ecosystems and the deterioration of the quality of water resources. Therefore, it is important to take measures to limit the impact of wastewater discharges on rivers and minimize their negative impact on the environment. The Water Code of the Russian Federation determines that the number of substances contained in wastewater discharges into water bodies should not exceed the established standards for permissible impact on water bodies. At the same time, in practice, when this condition is not met, the standards for permissible discharges or technological standards are still retained as discharge limits, which is due to the lack of an appropriate methodology for quota discharges. The purpose of this scientific research. Based on the analysis of foreign experience and the peculiarities of the Russian rationing system, develop an approach that will make it possible to adjust the allowable discharge and technological standards to values that ensure compliance with the allowable impact on the water body. Methods. The developed approach consists in calculating the equal concentration of a substance in wastewater with verification of compliance with this condition for all outlets. Saving for some issues of “usual” standards leads to a change in the magnitude of the undistributed load and to a new cycle of calculating equal concentration.Results and conclusions. As a result of the practical implementation of the proposed iterative calculation, some outlets retain the previous limits for the discharge of pollutants, while the remaining ones are adjusted based on the equality of concentration. The paper presents an example of such a calculation.