bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Triggering of the immune response to MCF7 cell line using conjugated antibody with bacterial antigens: In-vitro and in-vivo study
Authors: Khosravi Mohammad , Khazaeil Kaveh , KhademiMoghadam Fatemeh
Published: October 2022

The current study intended to trigger the immune response to cancer cells by using antibodies conjugated with bacterial antigens. The protein membrane of the MCF7 cell line was extracted and specific antibodies against cell membrane antigens was produced in rabbits. The specific antibodies were purified using chromatography methods and linked to E. coli antigens or doxorubicin using Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA) linker. After confirmation of the conjugation process using SDS-PAGE and ATR-FTIR methods, the MCF7 and HUVEC cells were treated with various concentrations of the prepared conjugated antibodies along with human serum. The toxicity of each treatment against MCF7 and HUVEC cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. Also, polylactic acid scaffolds that contain 10×104 MCF7 cells were surgically placed in the peritoneal cavity of the rats. After treatment of each group, induction of the inflammatory responses was evaluated on stained histological sections of the scaffolds. The lowest cytotoxic doses of the antigen conjugated-antibody, doxorubicin-conjugated-antibody was 4 and 1 μg/mL, respectively. Doxorubicin conjugated antibodies displayed greater toxicity on both MCF7 and HUVEC cells. The in vivo finding revealed that the inflammatory cells were significantly higher in treating animals with antigen conjugated-antibody. The current synthetic agent stimulated the serum toxicity and induced an inflammatory response to MCF7 cell lines. Targeting of the bacterial antigens on tumor sites by immune system elements, could limit the growth of the tumor cells.
Maturation-based Corrective Adjustment Procedures (Mat-CAPs) in youth swimming: Evidence for restricted age-group application in females
Authors: Hogan Clorinda , Abbott Shaun , Halaki Mark , Torres Castiglioni Marcela , Yamauchi Goshi , Mitchell Lachlan , Salter James , Romann Michael , Cobley Stephen
Published: October 2022

Inter-individual differences in maturation-associated development can lead to variations in physical performance, resulting in performance (dis)advantages and maturation selection bias within youth sport systems. To address such bias and account for maturational differences, Maturation-based Corrective Adjustment Procedures (Mat-CAPs) could be beneficial. The present study aimed to: (1) determine maturity timing distributions in youth female swimming; (2) quantify the relationship between maturation status and 100-m front-crawl (FC) performance; (3) implement Mat-CAPs to remove maturational influences upon swimming performance. For Aim 1 and 2, participants were 663 female (10–15 years) swimmers who participated in 100-m FC events at Australian regional, state, and national-level competitions between 2016–2020 and underwent anthropometric assessment (mass, height and sitting height) to estimate maturity timing and offset. For Aim 3, participants aged 10–13 years were categorised into maturity timing categories. Maturity timing distributions for Raw (‘All’, ‘Top 50%’ and ‘Top 25%’) and Correctively Adjusted swim times were examined. Chi-square, Cramer’s V and Odds Ratios determined the presence of maturation biases, while Mat-CAPs identified whether such biases were removed in targeted age and selection-groups. Results identified that between 10–13 years, a significantly higher frequency of ‘early’ maturers was apparent, although tapered toward higher frequencies of ‘Late-normative’ maturers by 14–15 years. A curvilinear relationship between maturity-offset and swim performance was identified (R2 = 0.51, p<0.001) and utilised for Mat-CAPs. Following Mat-CAPs application, maturity timing biases evident in affected age-groups (10–13 years), and which were magnified at higher selection levels (‘Top 50%’ & ‘25%’ of swim performances) were predominantly removed. Findings highlight how maturation advantages in females occurred until approximately 13 years old, warranting restricted Mat-CAPs application. Mat-CAPS has the potential to improve female swimmer participation experiences and evaluation.
Detecting task-relevant spatiotemporal modules and their relation to motor adaptation
Authors: Inoue Masato , Furuki Daisuke , Takiyama Ken
Published: October 2022

How does the central nervous system (CNS) control our bodies, including hundreds of degrees of freedom (DoFs)? A hypothesis to reduce the number of DoFs posits that the CNS controls groups of joints or muscles (i.e., modules) rather than each joint or muscle independently. Another hypothesis posits that the CNS primarily controls motion components relevant to task achievements (i.e., task-relevant components). Although the two hypotheses are examined intensively, the relationship between the two concepts remains unknown, e.g., unimportant modules may possess task-relevant information. Here, we propose a framework of task-relevant modules, i.e., modules relevant to task achievements, while combining the two concepts mentioned above in a data-driven manner. To examine the possible role of the task-relevant modules, we examined the modulation of the task-relevant modules in a motor adaptation paradigm in which trial-to-trial modifications of motor output are observable. The task-relevant modules, rather than conventional modules, showed adaptation-dependent modulations, indicating the relevance of task-relevant modules to trial-to-trial updates of motor output. Our method provides insight into motor control and adaptation via an integrated framework of modules and task-relevant components.
Severe, but not moderate asthmatics share blood transcriptomic changes with post-traumatic stress disorder and depression
Authors: Haas-Neill Sandor , Dvorkin-Gheva Anna , Forsythe Paul
Published: October 2022

Asthma, an inflammatory disorder of the airways, is one of the most common chronic illnesses worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity. There is growing recognition of an association between asthma and mood disorders including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Although there are several hypotheses regarding the relationship between asthma and mental health, there is little understanding of underlying mechanisms and causality. In the current study we utilized publicly available datasets of human blood mRNA collected from patients with severe and moderate asthma, MDD, and PTSD. We performed differential expression (DE) analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) on diseased subjects against the healthy subjects from their respective datasets, compared the results between diseases, and validated DE genes and gene sets with 4 more independent datasets. Our analysis revealed that commonalities in blood transcriptomic changes were only found between the severe form of asthma and mood disorders. Gene expression commonly regulated in PTSD and severe asthma, included ORMDL3 a gene known to be associated with asthma risk and STX8, which is involved in TrkA signaling. We also identified several pathways commonly regulated to both MDD and severe asthma. This study reveals gene and pathway regulation that potentially drives the comorbidity between severe asthma, PTSD, and MDD and may serve as foci for future research aimed at gaining a better understanding of both the relationship between asthma and PTSD, and the pathophysiology of the individual disorders.
Hearing loss and physical function in the general population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Daimaru Kaori , Wagatsuma Yukiko
Published: October 2022

Objective

Hearing loss is a major public health concern. Higher physical function may be related to the maintenance of hearing acuity. Therefore, this study examined the association between hearing loss and physical function in the general population.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted with health checkup participants who underwent pure-tone audiometry at a regional health care center in Japan. Information for physical function included handgrip strength, vital capacity (VC), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1). A hearing threshold of >30 dB at 1 kHz and/or >40 dB at 4 kHz in either ear was identified as hearing loss. The characteristics of the subjects were examined with stratification by sex and age group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between hearing loss and physical function with adjustments for age, body mass index and current smoking.

Results

Among the 4766 study subjects, 56.5% were male. The mean age was 47.7 years (SD: 13.8 years; range: 20–86 years), and the prevalence of hearing loss was 12.8% based on the definition stated above. For females, handgrip strength, VC, and FEV1showed significant negative associations with hearing loss (multivariable-adjusted OR [95% CI] = 0.691 [0.560–0.852], 0.542 [0.307–0.959], and 0.370 [0.183–0.747], respectively). These associations were not found in males.

Conclusions

Higher physical function was associated with a lower prevalence of hearing loss among females. This study suggests that it is important to maintain physical function for hearing loss in females. Further studies are required to investigate sex differences in the relationship between physical function and hearing loss in the general population.
Immunization with inactivated whole virus particle influenza virus vaccines improves the humoral response landscape in cynomolgus macaques
Authors: Chua Brendon Y. , Sekiya Toshiki , Koutsakos Marios , Nomura Naoki , Rowntree Louise C. , Nguyen Thi H. O. , McQuilten Hayley A. , Ohno Marumi , Ohara Yuki , Nishimura Tomohiro , Endo Masafumi , Itoh Yasushi , Habel Jennifer R. , Selva Kevin J. , Wheatley Adam K. , Wines Bruce D. , Hogarth P. Mark , Kent Stephen J. , Chung Amy W. , Jackson David C. , Brown Lorena E. , Shingai Masashi , Kedzierska Katherine , Kida Hiroshi
Published: October 2022

Although antibody-inducing split virus vaccines (SV) are currently the most effective way to combat seasonal influenza, their efficacy can be modest, especially in immunologically-naïve individuals. We investigated immune responses towards inactivated whole influenza virus particle vaccine (WPV) formulations, predicated to be more immunogenic, in a non-human primate model, as an important step towards clinical testing in humans. Comprehensive analyses were used to capture 46 immune parameters to profile how WPV-induced responses differed to those elicited by antigenically-similar SV formulations. Naïve cynomolgus macaques vaccinated with either monovalent or quadrivalent WPV consistently induced stronger antibody responses and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres against vaccine-matched viruses compared to SV formulations, while acute reactogenic effects were similar. Responses in WPV-primed animals were further increased by boosting with the same formulation, conversely to modest responses after priming and boosting with SV. 28-parameter multiplex bead array defined key antibody features and showed that while both WPV and SV induced elevated IgG responses against A/H1N1 nucleoprotein, only WPV increased IgG responses against A/H1N1 hemagglutinin (HA) and HA-Stem, and higher IgA responses to A/H1N1-HA after each vaccine dose. Antibodies to A/H1N1-HA and HA-Stem that could engage FcγR2a and FcγR3a were also present at higher levels after one dose of WPV compared to SV and remained elevated after the second dose. Furthermore, WPV-enhanced antibody responses were associated with higher frequencies of HA-specific B-cells and IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T-cell responses. Our data additionally demonstrate stronger boosting of HI titres by WPV following prior infection and support WPV administered as a priming dose irrespective of the follow up vaccine for the second dose. Our findings thus show that compared to SV vaccination, WPV-induced humoral responses are significantly increased in scope and magnitude, advocating WPV vaccination regimens for priming immunologically-naïve individuals and also in the event of a pandemic outbreak.
Glycans are not necessary to maintain the pathobiological features of bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Authors: Otero Alicia , Barrio Tomás , Eraña Hasier , Charco Jorge M. , Betancor Marina , Díaz-Domínguez Carlos M. , Marín Belén , Andréoletti Olivier , Torres Juan M. , Kong Qingzhong , Badiola Juan J. , Bolea Rosa , Castilla Joaquín
Published: October 2022

The role of the glycosylation status of PrPC in the conversion to its pathological counterpart and on cross-species transmission of prion strains has been widely discussed. Here, we assessed the effect on strain characteristics of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) isolates with different transmission histories upon propagation on a model expressing a non-glycosylated human PrPC. Bovine, ovine and porcine-passaged BSE, and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) isolates were used as seeds/inocula in both in vitro and in vivo propagation assays using the non-glycosylated human PrPC-expressing mouse model (TgNN6h). After protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA), all isolates maintained the biochemical characteristics of BSE. On bioassay, all PMCA-propagated BSE prions were readily transmitted to TgNN6h mice, in agreement with our previous in vitro results. TgNN6h mice reproduced the characteristic neuropathological and biochemical hallmarks of BSE, suggesting that the absence of glycans did not alter the pathobiological features of BSE prions. Moreover, back-passage of TgNN6h-adapted BSE prions to BoTg110 mice recovered the full BSE phenotype, confirming that the glycosylation of human PrPC is not essential for the preservation of the human transmission barrier for BSE prions or for the maintenance of BSE strain properties.
Product fit in the digital commerce environment: A conceptual study on lingerie brand’s digital fit tools
Authors: Stevenson Krissi Riewe
Published: October 2022

Within the apparel industry, new technologies, environmental concerns and even a global pandemic have significantly altered how fashion products are developed, merchandised and purchased. The expanding e-commerce segment of the industry is requiring that brands reimagine how consumers choose products to purchase without a physical garment to touch, feel and try on their bodies. Communicating product information accurately, especially fit, is necessary as fit has been established as a critical component of customer satisfaction and reduces costs of returned product. Returns in the apparel industry have increased significantly due to the increase in online sales, suggesting that improved product fit and size communication is needed to improve consumer trust and satisfaction as well as increase profit margins and reduce environmental impact. Technology such as virtual fitting rooms, custom consumer avatars and body-scanning are all possible solutions to clearly convey fit and size information to the consumer before purchase. Brands within the lingerie and foundations market have been some of the earliest adopters of these virtual fit technologies with varying degrees of success, as they allow consumers to shop in privacy and offer an opportunity to educate the customer in less intrusive formats such as videos and charts. In this article, several of these early adopters in the lingerie e-commerce market will be evaluated to identify what has affected their successful or failed implementation and consumer acceptance to outline possible future improvement and application.
Adoption of wearable technology: Risk and success factors
Authors: Eckhaus Eyal , Sheaffer Zachary
Published: October 2022

Wearable technology (WT) has emerged with substantial popularity. While several products are spreading successfully, some have been crushed by consumer disappointment. Nevertheless, with WT’s increased development, expanding into many and varied fields, research is lagging behind, as factors that influence the adoption of WT are not fully understood. Previous research on motivations to purchase WT has focused on a specific product. Ours is the first study to empirically analyse purchasing intentions of WT, dividing products into successful and unsuccessful in order to identify optimal WT parameters. Predicated on data gleaned from 300 respondents, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) results indicate that utilitarianism (as mediator) positively enhances price consciousness’ effect on the motivation to purchase successful WT products. Likewise, we found that aesthetic design, utilitarianism and sensual stimulation positively affect the motivation to purchase successful WT, whereas window display negatively affects the motivation to purchase successful and unsuccessful WT. Additionally, sensual stimulation positively affects motivation to purchase unsuccessful WT. Store exterior and sensual stimulation have been found to impact purchasing of unsuccessful WT products. Managerial implications are discussed.
La organización económica de la villa de Plinio el Joven en Tiferno Tiberino: evidencia literaria y arqueológica
Authors: Perelman Fajardo Marcelo Emiliano
Published: October 2022

Se aborda en este trabajo un análisis de la evidencia literaria y arqueológica sobre la villa de Plinio el Joven en Tiferno Tiberino. El objetivo es trazar las principales características de la organización económica de esta finca, tanto en lo que hace a las formas de producción como así también al tipo de mano de obra utilizada. Se hará un especial hincapié en estudiar la función de los colonos arrendatarios, dilucidar la efectiva presencia de esclavos en la hacienda y apreciar el grado de sofisticación económica de Plinio como propietario.
Los sátrapas persas de Alejandro
Authors: Nuñez Javier Norberto
Published: October 2022

El artículo sistematiza las respuestas de los sátrapas persas frente a la invasión macedonia. Se sostiene que la dimensión como espacialidad social del Imperio aqueménida resulta fundamental para comprender el desarrollo de ese Estado como el éxito de Alejandro y las acciones de los sátrapas. Así como la arena imperial integraba a élites de distintas regiones y centralizaba recursos en favor del monarca, la porosidad de sus límites sociales, así como el repertorio de relaciones entre soberano y súbditos, escapaban al control central y podían dar lugar a un reemplazo del Gran Rey reconfigurando esa espacialidad.
Electronic, Vibrational and Thermal Properties of α and β Titanium
Authors: Kasparyan S.O. , Bakulin A.V. , Kulkova S.E.
Published: October 2022

Titanium and titanium-based alloys are widely used for various technological applications in the aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding industries because of their good strength-to-weight ratio and good combination of mechanical properties. To understand the fundamental properties of titanium, as well as phase transformations, it is necessary to study the electronic and phonon structure of its main phases. Although such studies have been intensively carried out since the middle of the last century, theoretical studies of the phonon system and properties based on it remain rare. The atomic and electronic structures of α and β titanium are calculated by the projector augmented-wave method within the electron density functional theory. The analysis of the electron energy spectrum and the densities of electronic states is carried out. Using the harmonic approximation and the finite displacement method, the phonon spectrum and a number of related thermodynamic characteristics are calculated. The features of the phonon subsystem of β-Ti, which indicate its dynamic instability, are discussed. The calculation of the vibrational entropy and enthalpy, as well as the lattice heat capacity, showed satisfactory agreement with the experiment. In general, the approach used can be applied to analyze the forming phases of doped titanium.
Features of Internal Friction in Ferromagnets
Authors: Petrova L.P. , Ignatenko N.M. , Bulgakova A.A.
Published: October 2022

Based on the application of two model descriptions proposed by A.A. Rodionov, it is shown that description of internal friction of magnetic materials in various magnetoelastic states subjected to alternating elastic fields should consider not only the magnetic component but also the non-magnetic component along with its changes in the presence of the magnetic field.

The magnetic component of internal friction is associated with the movement of domain boundaries (DG) (hysteresis attenuation (amplitude-dependent — irreversible displacements of DG)) and amplitude-independent (reversible displacements of DG without separation from the fixing points) with reversible and irreversible rotations of spontaneous magnetization vectors.

The non-magnetic component is determined by several components, all of which can dominate over a particular region of frequencies, temperatures, external influences, and initial structural states of the system under study. It depends on the type of defects, their concentrations, and spatial and orientation distribution in crystals.

The paper proposes an approach to separate the internal friction in magnetic materials into magnetic and non-magnetic components which can be extended to materials with domains and domain boundaries including antiferromagnets, ferroelectrics, ferromagnets, etc.

This approach leads to an expansion of the previously used ideas about the method of separating the magnetic component from the recorded spectrum of internal friction.
Clinical Course of Medically Managed Patients With Large and Small Duct Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Mahdi Marco B. , Steinkohl Emily , Singh Vikesh K. , Drewes Asbjørn M. , Frøkjær Jens B. , Olesen Søren S.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Pancreatic duct obstruction is the primary indication for endoscopic and/or surgical therapy in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, the clinical course of medically managed patients in relation to pancreatic duct obstruction is largely unknown.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective cohort study of medically managed patients with CP. We classified patients based on pancreatic duct obstruction from a stricture or stone using cross-sectional imaging (i.e., large vs small duct CP). We compared prevalence of diabetes and exocrine insufficiency (EPI) between subgroups at inclusion and investigated risk of new-onset diabetes, EPI, and all-cause mortality over a follow-up period of 5 years. Changes in pancreatic morphology were studied in patients who underwent follow-up imaging.

RESULTS:

A total of 198 patients (mean age 58 ± 12 years, 70% male, 60% alcoholic etiology, 38% large duct CP) were evaluated. At inclusion, patients with large vs small duct CP had a higher prevalence of both diabetes (43% vs 24%,P= 0.004) and EPI (47% vs 28%,P= 0.007). There was an increased risk of new-onset EPI in patients with large duct CP (hazard ratio 1.72; 95% confidence interval [1.05–2.80],P= 0.031) and higher rates of pancreatic atrophy (P< 0.001). No differences between groups were observed for new-onset diabetes and all-cause mortality. Conversion from small to large duct CP orvice versaduring follow-up was observed in 14% of patients.

DISCUSSION:

In a medically managed cohort of patients, large duct CP was associated with increased risk of EPI and pancreatic atrophy compared with small duct CP.
Pengukuran Stok Karbon Ekosistem Lamun Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Baluran, Jawa Timur
Authors: Zulkifli Dadan , Triyono Heri , Suharti Ratna , Jabbar Meuthia A. , Bramana Aditya , Rahayu Siti Mira , Sudiarsa I Nyoman , Herawati Lilyani Gita
Published: October 2022

Climate change caused by various activities of human activity has produced carbon dioxide gas affecting global warming. Seagrass ecosystem has the ability to absorb and store large quantities of carbon that can reduce carbon emissions. Objectives of this study is to assess seagrass population structure, assess carbon deposits estimation and water quality parameters. The method used in this research is purposive sampling method and location determination used line Transect quadrant method which refers to LIPI method. Carbon measurements in seagrass samples used LOI method. Seagrass species found in the waters of Baluran National Park are Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila minor, Halophila ovalis dan Halodule uninervis. The seagrass Enhalus acoroides has a highest biomass value and an estimate of carbon deposits 37.817 gC/m2. The total estimate of the highest carbon stock is obtained at the bottom of the substrate 40.063 ton.  Perubahan iklim yang disebabkan oleh berbagai aktifitas kegiatan manusia menghasilkan gas karbon diokasida yang berdampak pada pemanasan global. Ekosistem padang lamun memiliki kemampuan untuk menyerap dan menyimpan karbon dalam jumlah besar yang dapat mengurangi emisi karbon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) mengkaji struktur populasi lamun, 2) mengkaji estimasi simpanan karbon, 3) mengkaji parameter kualitas air di Taman Nasional Baluran. Metode yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling method dan penentuan lokasi menggunakan metode line transect quadrant yang mengacu pada metode LIPI. Pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) dan pengukuran karbon pada sampel lamun menggunakan metode LOI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui bahwa Spesies lamun yang ditemukan di perairain Taman Nasional Baluran adalah Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila minor, Halophila ovalis dan Halodule uninervis. Jenis lamun Enhalus acoroides mempunyai nilai biomassa dan estimasi simpanan karbon paling tinggi yaitu 37,817 gC/m2. Estimasi total stok karbon tertinggi didapatkan pada bagian bawah substrat (rhizoma dan akar) sebesar 40,063 ton.
Hubungan Panjang Berat dan Faktor Kondisi Siput Lola (Rochia nilotica) di Perairan Maluku, Sumbawa, dan Bengkulu
Authors: Utami Risnita Tri , Ibrahim Putri Sapira , Kusnadi Agus , Kurnianto Dedy , Triandiza Teddy , Pesillette Rosmi N
Published: October 2022

Rochia nilotica (Tegulidae) is a snail that is highly important economically due to its nacre layer on their shells. Lola shells are used as raw material in nail polish and high quality pearl buttons. Recently, the production of Rochia nilotica has drastically decreased. This study aimed to investigate the relationship on length-weight and condition factors of Rochia snails from four sites. Data collection was gathered on may-September 2021 at four sites i.e Kei Island, Morellla (Central Maluku), Sumbawa Island and Enggano Island with purposive sampling method. A total 177 individuals have been collected with a detail of 35 individuals from Kei Island, 61 Individuals from Central Maluku, 51 and 29 individuals from Sumbawa Island and Enggano island respectively.  The result showed that the relationship on length-weight of Rochia snails at Enggano Island, Sumbawa Island, central Maluku and Kei Island was  W=0,00707L2,2804, 0,00686L2,3949, 0,00308L2,5478,dan 0,00025L3,0893 respectively. The result shows that the growth pattern at Bengkulu, Sumbawa, and Morella follows a negative allometric model, while those at Kei Islands follow a positive allometric. Condition factors were relatively varied 1,0020-1,0317 suggested that the research waters were still a suitable environment for the growth of top shells.   Siput lola Rochia nilotica (Tegulidae) merupakan komoditi niaga bernilai ekonomis tinggi karena cangkangnya yang memiliki lapisan mutiara. Cangkang siput lola digunakan sebagai bahan baku industri cat kuku dan kancing yang berkualitas tinggi. Akibat eksploitasi berlebihan, produksi siput lola mengalami penurunan drastis selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan panjang berat dan faktor kondisi dari siput lola di 4 lokasi penelitian yang dipilih. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan April-September 2021 dengan menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling yang dilakukan di 4 lokasi yaitu Kepulauan Kei, Morella, Pulau Sumbawa, dan Pulau Enggano yang mewakili 3 wilayah (Timur, Tengah dan Barat) Perairan Indonesia. Siput Lola yang diperoleh sebanyak 177 individu yang berasal dari 35 individu dari Kepulauan Kei, 61 individu Morella, 51 individu Sumbawa, dan 29 individu Enggano. Hubungan panjang berat siput lola di lokasi penelitian Enggano, Sumbawa, Morella, dan Kepulauan Kei secara berurutan yaitu sebesar W=0,00707L2,2804, 0,00686L2,3949, 0,00308L2,5478,dan 0,00025L3,0893. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pola pertumbuhan siput lola di Pulau Enggano, Sumbawa dan Morella mengikuti model allometrik negatif, sedangkan pola pertumbuhan siput lola di Kepulauan Kei mengikuti model allometrik positif. Faktor kondisi relatif beragam dari 1,0020-1,0317 yang mengindikasikan bahwa daerah perairan penelitian masih merupakan lingkungan yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan siput lola.
Dinamika Perubahan Luasan dan Kerapatan Ekosistem Mangrove Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Sembilang Menggunakan Citra Satelit Landsat 8
Authors: Febrianto Sigit , Syafina Hanan Azzahra , Latifah Nurul , Muskananfola Max Rudolf
Published: October 2022

The Mangrove Ecosystem is the most extensive forest in the Sembilang National Park (TNS) area. This area is located on the east coast of South Sumatra Province. The Sembilang National Park area has a natural mangrove forest of 88,555 ha. This area is known as the largest natural mangrove forest on the island of Sumatra. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in the area and density of mangroves in a period of 5 years using Landsat 8 satellite imagery. The results of the analysis show that the mangrove area in 2014 was 92,731 ha and the mangrove area in 2019 was 88,586 ha, the area decreased by 4,145 ha or about 4.5%. The main factors influencing changes in mangrove area and density are human activities such as land clearing near mangrove forest areas. In addition, there are natural factors that are dominantly influenced by abrasion and river sedimentation.   Ekosistem Mangrove merupakan hutan paling luas yang terdapat di kawasan Taman Nasional Sembilang (TNS). Kawasan ini terletak di pesisir timur Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Kawasan TN Sembilang memiliki hutan mangrove alami seluas 88.555 ha. Kawasan ini dikenal sebagai hutan mangrove alami terluas di Pulau Sumatera. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan luasan dan kerapatan mangrove dalam kurun waktu 5 tahun menggunakan citra satelit Landsat 8. Teknik analisis spasial yang digunakan untuk mengkelaskan mangrove dan non mangrove serta kerapatan dengan menggunakan Supervised Classification dan NDVI. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa luasan mangrove pada tahun 2014 seluas 92.731 ha dan luasan mangrove tahun 2019 seluas 88.586 ha, luasan mengalami penurunan sebesar 4.145 ha atau sekitar 4,5%. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan luas dan kerapatan mangrove yang utama adalah aktivitas manusia seperti pembukaan lahan di dekat area hutan mangrove. Selain itu, terdapat faktor alam mempunyai yang dominan dipengaruhi oleh abrasi dan sedimentasi sungai.
Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Tropical Brown Algae Padina sp. from Bintan Island, Indonesia
Authors: Hidayati Jelita Rahma , Bahry Muhammad Syaifudien , Karlina Ita , Yudiati Ervia
Published: October 2022

Macroalgae is one of the marine resources that have the ability as an antioxidant. Its ability is obtained from bioactive compounds produced through secondary metabolism. One type of macroalgae that has the potential as an antioxidant is Padina sp. This study aims to analyze the content of bioactive compounds in Padina sp and determine their antioxidant activity using DPPH as free radicals. Padina sp. was taken from the Bintan waters and shade-dried for three days. Bioactive compounds were analyzed through phytochemical screening to determine the content of flavonoid compounds, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins. Determination of antioxidant activity begins with measuring the maximum wavelength of DPPH at 400-800 nm and determining the incubation time of the sample and DPPH. Antioxidant activity was determined based on the value of Inhibition concentration (IC50) at a wavelength of 515.5 nm; total phenolic content was determined using gallic acid standard (725 nm); total flavonoid content was determined using quercetin standard (415 nm), chlorophyll a and carotenoids were selected to determine pigment content on the sample. The results showed that Padina sp. contains flavonoid compounds, steroids, and tannins. Extract of Padina sp. has a total phenolic content of 46.02 mg/GAE g; total flavonoid content of 35.36 mg/QE g; chlorophyll content of 9.18 mg/g; and carotenoid content of 26.46 µmol/g. Methanol extract of Padina sp. has an IC50 value of 92.17 ppm and is classified as a strong antioxidant.
Poezja, sztuka i antropocen. Susan Schuppli i Kacper Bartczak
Authors: Kałuża Anna
Published: October 2022

Celem artykułu jest zarysowanie podstawowych możliwości krytycznych, jakimi może dysponować sztuka wizualna oraz językowa w świecie antropocenu. Odwołując się do m.in. przykładów tzw. śliskich obrazów Susan Schuppli oraz wierszy polskiego poety Kacpra Bartczaka przyglądam się obrazowaniu w mediach wizualno-cyfrowych oraz piśmienno-poetyckich. Interesują mnie różnice między artystycznością, w której istotną rolę odgrywają nieludzcy aktorzy oraz artystycznością, w której nadal głównym inicjatorem działań jest człowiek, usiłujący umieścić ludzkie artefakty w sieci przekształceń biologiczno-technologicznych.
Neurośrodowiskowe przyczyny opóźnionego rozwoju mowy w wieku niemowlęcym
Authors: Cieszyńska-Rożek Jagoda
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of the experimental studies conducted so far on the devel- opment of infants’ primary communicative abilities, carried out in vivo. The findings of neurobiologists on the formation of the structures of the social brain not only influ- ence the process of early diagnosis of developmental disorders, but also allow for the construction of principles of early intervention. The article discusses the results of our own study of thirteen infants born in Poland and abroad, conducted by means of par- ticipant observation (online). The aim was to reveal the disturbances in shaping social responses in a lockdown situation and to define a pattern for preventive interventions.
The investigation of the complex population-drug-drug interaction between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir and chloroquine or ivermectin using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling
Authors: Alsmadi Mo’tasem M.
Published: October 2022

Objectives

Therapy failure caused by complex population-drug-drug (PDDI) interactions including CYP3A4 can be predicted using mechanistic physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. A synergy between ritonavir-boosted lopinavir (LPVr), ivermectin, and chloroquine was suggested to improve COVID-19 treatment. This work aimed to study the PDDI of the two CYP3A4 substrates (ivermectin and chloroquine) with LPVr in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 adults, geriatrics, and pregnancy populations.

Methods

The PDDI of LPVr with ivermectin or chloroquine was investigated. Pearson’s correlations between plasma, saliva, and lung interstitial fluid (ISF) levels were evaluated. Target site (lung epithelial lining fluid [ELF]) levels of ivermectin and chloroquine were estimated.

Results

Upon LPVr coadministration, while the chloroquine plasma levels were reduced by 30, 40, and 20%, the ivermectin plasma levels were increased by a minimum of 425, 234, and 453% in adults, geriatrics, and pregnancy populations, respectively. The established correlation equations can be useful in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and dosing regimen optimization.

Conclusions

Neither chloroquine nor ivermectin reached therapeutic ELF levels in the presence of LPVr despite reaching toxic ivermectin plasma levels. PBPK modeling, guided with TDM in saliva, can be advantageous to evaluate the probability of reaching therapeutic ELF levels in the presence of PDDI, especially in home-treated patients.
Aspectual marking from a typologically uncommon origin: a quantitative account of the development of hamē(w) in Middle Persian
Authors: Mofidi Roohollah , Petré Peter
Published: October 2022

This article follows the early grammaticalization path of a durative adverb to an aspect marker for a range of aspectual uses including durative, focalized, and habitual. In a usage-based approach, we investigate the behavior of hamē(w) in a Middle Persian database with respect to several grammatical variables, and we check its developmental path against the model proposed for the Romance languages by Bertinetto, Ebert and de Groot, aiming to uncover the amount of similarities/differences between those Romance languages and Persian. The results show that the lexical origin of the structure investigated locates Middle Persian in stage (iii) of the model, and the development documented deviates from the rest of the model in various respects. Furthermore, the usual priority of past tense in progressive developments is not observed: the adverb is originally present-oriented, but past tense usage increases as the grammaticalization proceeds.
Distribution of large- and medium-scale loess landslides induced by the Haiyuan Earthquake in 1920 based on field investigation and interpretation of satellite images
Authors: Chang Chaoyu , Bo Jingshan , Qi Wenhao , Qiao Feng , Peng Da
Published: October 2022

Studying the distribution law and influencing factors of coseismic landslides has important scientific significance and engineering value for understanding the mechanism of seismic landslides and predicting the occurrence of seismic landslides. After a hundred years, these large- and medium-scale landslides induced by the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake are still well-preserved and have extremely high academic research value. About 620 loess seismic landslides induced by the Haiyuan earthquake in 1920 were investigated on site. On this basis, the shape differences between seismic landslides and gravity landslides were summarized; 605 landslides were identified by satellite images, and the Haiyuan earthquake-induced loess landslide database containing seismic information and landslide information was established. The distribution law and morphological characteristics of large- and medium-sized landslides induced by the Haiyuan earthquake were systematically counted according to the conditions of the landslide-intensive area, intensity, and fault upper and lower plates. The influencing factors of loess earthquake landslides were summarized, and the following conclusions were obtained: (1) 1,225 large- and medium-sized landslides were induced by the Haiyuan earthquake in 1920. These landslides have the characteristics of long sliding distance, large single scale, and strong disaster-causing. They are mainly distributed in three concentrated areas of Xiji, Haiyuan, and Pengyang. The landslide morphological characteristics of the three landslide-intensive areas are different because the landslide sliding mechanism caused by topography and lithology is different. (2) The landslide distribution has obvious clustering, zonation, and directivity, and has an obvious river distance effect and fault hanging wall effect. (3) The internal influencing factors such as stratum lithology, topography, fault location, and direction, and the role of water control the occurrence location and scale of landslide. The external factor of an earthquake is an important incentive and control factor for landslide occurrence.
Geographic and cartographic inconsistency factors among different cropland classification datasets: A field validation case in Cambodia
Authors: Kang Junmei , Wang Jun , Zhong Mianqing
Published: October 2022

Cropland cover datasets is of great significance for research on agricultural monitoring. The existing investigations on the inconsistency of different cropland datasets have mainly focused on first-class cropland and only analyzed the causes of this inconsistency in terms of cartography. To date, investigations have neglected the importance of fine cropland types in studies such as global food security assessment, and a comprehensive analysis of the causes of inconsistency from the perspectives of both cartography and geography is lacking. Moreover, the verification samples of existing studies have primarily been collected based on Google Earth. So, we examined the cropland resources of Cambodia using areal, spatial consistency, elevation classification, and field survey data assessment methods for the Global Food Security-support Analysis Data at 30 m for Southeast Asia, Global Land Cover Fine Surface Cover30-2015, Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring of Global Land Cover2015, and SERVIR-Mekong datasets and comprehensively investigated the causes of inconsistency in terms of geography and cartography. The results revealed that the consistency of the extracted areas of first-class cropland among the four datasets was high. But, the cropland areas and statistical results from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations are quite different. The overall accuracy (OA) for the first-class cropland of GFSAD30SEACE, GLC_FCS30-2015, and SERVIR-Mekong datasets were >82%. For fine cropland types, however, the OA of the SERVIR-Mekong dataset was relatively high, at 74.87%, while the accuracy levels of the global-scale GLC_FCS30-2015 and FROM_GLC2015 datasets were <50% due to the influence of scale size on mapping accuracy. In addition, in the eastern and northern portions of Cambodia with elevations of 50–200 m, the spatial consistency of the four datasets was low due to the serious confusion between cropland and forest, grassland, and shrub types. Therefore, land cover producers should adopt a zonal stratification strategy, focusing on remote sensing extraction techniques for confusing types in areas with high inconsistency to improve the accuracy of cropland.
Experimental investigation on compressive properties of three-dimensional five-directional braided composites in hygrothermal environment
Authors: Guo Ying , Yan Shi
Published: October 2022

This article describes work concerning the compressive properties in hygrothermal environment of three-dimensional (3D) five-directional braided composites. Hygrothermal aging tests at temperatures of 40, 60, and 80°C and compression tests were carried out on the specimens with three braiding angles of 15, 25, and 35°. The surface morphologies of the samples taken using scanning electron microscope before and after the hygrothermal aging test were used to analyze the influence of the hygrothermal environment on the internal structure of braided composites. The experimental results indicate that the hygrothermal environment has a more influence on the specimens with a braiding angle of 15°, and the greater the moisture absorption percentage, the lower the retention ratios of compressive strength and modulus. Compared with room temperature, the compressive strength and modulus of specimens with a braiding angle of 15° reduced by 72.2 and 82.7% as the water bath temperature increased from 40 to 80°C. Moreover, the failure mechanisms of 3D five-directional braided composites in the hygrothermal environment were analyzed.
Central hypothyroidism: are patients undertreated?
Authors: Marlier Joke , T’Sjoen Guy , Kaufman Jean , Lapauw Bruno
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Thyroid hormone replacement in central hypothyroidism (CHT) is more difficult than in primary hypothyroidism (PHT), putting patients at risk for inappropriate substitution. In this study, we compared the dosage of thyroid hormone replacement in patients with CHT with that of patients with PHT. In addition, we explored and compared quality of life (QoL) between both groups, based on two questionnaires, the SF-36 health score and the thyroid-specific ThyPRO score.

Methods

This is a monocentric, cross-sectional study, performed at the Ghent University Hospital (Belgium). We included 82 patients in total, 41 patients with CHT and 41 patients with PHT. At the time of inclusion, all patients had to have a stable dose of levothyroxine over the past 6 months and patients with PHT needed to be euthyroid (defined as having a thyroid-stimulating hormone level within the reference range, 0.2–4.5 mU/L). All data were retrieved from medical files, and questionnaires on QoL were self-administered.

Results

The CHT and PHT groups were comparable regarding age and BMI. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding total daily dose of levothyroxine (100 (93.75–125.00) vs 107.14 (75.00–133.93) μg in CHT and PHT, respectively; P = 0.87) or daily dose of levothyroxine per kg body weight (1.34 (1.16–1.55) vs 1.55 (1.16–1.82) μg/kg, respectively; P = 0.13). Serum levels of fT4 (P = 0.20) and fT3 (P = 0.10) also did not differ between the two groups and both were in the normal (mid)range for the two groups. Regarding QoL, patients with CHT scored worse in terms of depressive and emotional symptoms, impaired daily and social life.

Conclusion

We could demonstrate a difference in QoL between patients with CHT and PHT. Although patients with CHT had a somewhat lower levothyroxine substitution dose than patients with PHT, this difference was also not significant and probably does not explain the difference in QoL.
Embolization of Aortopulmonary Collateral Artery Cooperate with Valved Conduit Attached to the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract for Patient After Tetralogy of Fallot Repair: A One-Stop Procedure
Authors: Wu Qingsong , Chen Xiaodong , Li Jiahui , Chen Liangwan , Yan Liangliang
Published: October 2022

We describe a one-stop procedure for aortopulmonary collateral artery (APCA) and postoperative complications of Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). Postoperative complications of TOF include right ventricular outflow tract stenosis, pulmonary valvular annular stenosis, pulmonary regurgitation, and aortopulmonary artery stenosis. The one-stop procedure was defined as after APCA embolization. The heart continued to function under cardiopulmonary bypass during median sternotomy to reconstruct the right ventricular outflow tract with a valved conduit and replace the aortopulmonary artery. A biological valved was sewed within the valved conduit in an artificial blood vessel in vitro and subsequently was used in the procedure and achieved significant results.
Enhanced amount and quality of alginate-like exopolysaccharides in aerobic granular sludge for the treatment of salty wastewater
Authors: Meng Fansheng , Liu Dongfang , Pan Yuwei , Xi Limeng , Yang Dan , Huang Wenli
Published: October 2022

Osmotic pressure provided by salty wastewaters is an important influencing factor for alginate-like exopolysaccharides (ALE) in aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Therefore, research on the influence of salinity (NaCl 0 R1, 10 g/L R2, 30 g/L R3) on AGS and its ALE formation was conducted. A salinity of 1% induced larger particle size with smooth spheroidal shape and enhanced granular strength in R2. The TOC and ammonia removal were unaffected in both R2 and R3, but the P removal was greatly enhanced. ALE was much enriched at moderate salinity (1% NaCl). The amount of ALE reached 49.8 mg/g VSS at 140 d in R2, which was much higher than in R1 (26.8 mg/g VSS) and R3 (28.9 mg/g VSS), possibly due to the activation of gene algC expression in AGS of R2. ALE also showed the largest GG block fractionation and MW in R2, which indicated the greatest enhancement of mechanical properties. Moreover, enrichment of glucosamine, lipid content, and octadecanamide derivative in ALE of R2 endowed it with medicinal potential, stronger water-barrier property, and reduction of the products’ friction coefficients, respectively. Therefore, AGS based on ALE is a potential technology for treatment of salty wastewater.