bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychodynamic Study about Reflux and Colic During the First Year of Life
Authors: Zacara Deborah Juliana dos Santos , Barros Izabella Paiva Monteiro de
Published: March 2020

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the psychodynamics of three mother-infant pairs with reflux diagnosis and two with colic diagnosis and their possible relation to the referred psychosomatic disorders. Qualitative exploratory study in which the sample was composed after signing the informed consent form. Instruments: semi-directed interview, seven boards of the Thematic Apperception Test and Naturalistic Observation. Content analysis of the interviews and TAT boards was performed and the way the mother perceived the productions of the baby was considered from naturalistic observation. These analyses supported psychodynamic interpretations of the functioning of the dyads studied. As main results, the reflux group highlights the need for maternal support and the presence of maternal ambivalence. In mother-infant pairs with colic, there is anxiety regarding their own ability to care for their child. In both groups, there is environmental influence on the way mothers feel about sufficiently good mothering.
Mimesis, dúvida e poder: divindades hindus e espíritos de colonizadores na Guiana
Authors: Mello Marcelo Moura
Published: March 2020

Resumo Por meio da descrição das interações entre espíritos de colonizadores, especialistas religiosos, divindades e devotos da deusa hindu Kali na Guiana, o artigo busca demonstrar como concepções nativas sobre a presença de entes espirituais no mundo são atravessadas por dúvidas, hesitações e (re)elaborações retrospectivas de eventos passados, bem como por reflexões aguçadas sobre as potencialidades de seres com estatutos ontológicos distintos assumirem, incorporarem e imitarem atributos e poderes de outros seres.
Scientific integrity among nursing students participating in the Scientific Initiation Program: An exploratory study
Authors: Silva Natállia Rodrigues Araújo da , Pádua Gabriela Cristina Cantisani , Novaes Maria Rita Carvalho Garbi , Guilhem Dirce Bellezi
Published: March 2020

Abstract Objective: To know the positions and practices adopted by nursing students in scientific initiation programs about the principles of scientific integrity in the different stages of the process of doing science. Method: An exploratory study of a quantitative nature, in which nursing student participants of the Scientific Initiation Program from the Federal District were interviewed. Results: Fifty (50) nursing students participated in the study. Most of the interviewed participants presented good notions about the process of conducting research in its different stages. Nevertheless, it was found that even though they were familiar with good scientific practices, students did not always behave in the most responsible manner. It was observed that the knowledge on topics related to the ethics of the scientific process was predominantly obtained through formal education, consisting of classes and courses. Nonetheless, the importance of complementary spaces such as research and research groups is recognized. Conclusion: Research experiences are important educational and vocational training spaces for students. Therefore, good research practices need to be included early in the academic curriculum.
Elastoplastic constitutive modeling for concrete: a theoretical and computational approach
Authors: OLIVEIRA D. B. , PENNA S. S. , PITANGUEIRA R. L. S.
Published: March 2020

Abstract This article presents a study of the plasticity model applicability to concrete in a theoretical framework that generalizes the formulation of constitutive models for physically nonlinear analysis of structures. In this sense, the theoretical framework for the computational implementation of the plasticity mathematical theory is described, detailing the models formulations capable to describe the inelastic behavior of concrete. The loading surfaces associated to Drucker Prager and Ottosen criterion are highlighted. Furthermore, the Cutting Plane return mapping algorithm, necessary to the integration of constitutive relations that govern the behavior of the material in the context of computational plasticity, is described. Finally, numerical simulations are presented, such as the direct tension loading and three-point bending tests. The results of these simulations are compared with those from the literature to verify the model stability and accuracy.
Laboratorio de química bajo contexto: insumo para el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico
Authors: Rodríguez Cepeda Rodrigo , Casas Mateus Jaime Augusto , Martínez Cárdenas Diana Esperanza
Published: March 2020

En la formación universitaria de profesionales afines a la química ha existido la preocupación por el desarrollo de la habilidad de pensamiento crítico; sin embargo, es claro que durante el desempeño como profesionales se identifican algunas dificultades en valerse de esta habilidad al tratar de resolver situaciones propias de su quehacer profesional. Una explicación probable a esta problemática es que, a pesar del esfuerzo de los docentes por diseñar nuevas estrategias de enseñanza, estas no han sido del todo efectivas, y por otro lado, se identifica que aún persiste en algunos profesores la concepción tradicional de enseñanza basada en un proceso memorístico. A fin de aportar al análisis de la problemática expuesta, este artículo de investigación, tipo mixta, muestra los resultados de un estudio en el que se aplican actividades y estrategias en torno a la química de los alimentos. Se trabajó con un grupo de estudiantes registrados en la asignatura de Química Agroalimentaria de la Licenciatura en Química de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional, ubicada en Bogotá (Colombia), quienes adelantaron algunos experimentos bajo contextos determinados. Como resultado, se observa un favorecimiento en el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento crítico, evidenciado mediante la evaluación de una serie de mini proyectos.
La caja de polinomios y el método tradicional: dos alternativas didácticas para la enseñanza de la multiplicación y la división de polinomios
Authors: Villarroel Solís José Martín , Mazo Barrera Natalia María
Published: March 2020

Este artículo es la síntesis de una investigación realizada en 2017, en la I. E. María Cano de Medellín, cuyo objetivo fue comparar el nivel de aprendizaje que alcanzaron los estudiantes de grado octavo al estudiar multiplicación y división de polinomios bajo los principios de dos estrategias didácticas: 1) Caja de polinomios, fundamentada en la teoría de aprendizaje significativo de David Ausubel; 2) el método tradicional, que se fundamenta en los procesos de Explicar-Ejemplificar-Ejercitar, de ahora en adelante (EEE). Se tomaron cuatro grupos de grado octavo. En dos de ellos se trabajó con la estrategia didáctica caja de polinomios, fundamentando el trabajo en la teoría cognitiva propuesta por David Ausubel denominada aprendizaje significativo, y en los dos restantes se trabajó con la estrategia eee. Finalmente, se contrastaron los resultados cualitativa y cuantitativamente. Los resultados evidencian que los promedios de notas de los grupos no varían con respecto a los promedios históricos; que la diferencia entre promedios es relativamente pequeña y que si bien las notas no presentan mejoría, la dispersión se reduce significativamente. Se concluye que la utilización de material didáctico en las aulas de clase no garantiza que los estudiantes alcancen el objetivo de aprendizaje, pero influye positivamente en aspectos relevantes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, tales como: organización, interés y motivación por el conocimiento, participación activa, interacción, entre otros.
UF H&E Staining v1
Authors: Jorgensen Marda , Farris Franchesca
Published: March 2020

Hematoxylin and Eosin stains are the prefered method for histopathologic assessment of tissue sections. Hematoxylin is used to illustrate nuclear detail in cells. The resulting intensity and shade of the dye in the cells is primarily reliant on the length of time the sample spends in hematoxylin. The cytoplasmic component of the section is identified by Eosin, which is the most commonly used counterstain in histology. It's varying shades of pink and red provide an exceptional contrast between the nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of interest.
NON-INTRUSIVE LOAD MONITORING: IMPLEMENTATION EFFECTS AND DISTRIBUTION PROSPECTS
Authors: Kuzmin P. S.
Published: March 2020

The digital transition in the electric power industry is a promising goal for the development of the industry. In recent years, a wide range of technologies has been introduced into various types of activities of energy companies, including significant attention being paid to technologies that implement demand-side management, transferring consumers from the passive category to active consumers, and also opening up new opportunities in energy management. Non-intrusive load monitoring technology is of significant interest for both electricity suppliers and consumers in the USA and EEC countries, however, a Russian-language study is being carried out for the first time.

The purpose of the study is to consider the concept of non-intrusive load monitoring, to formulate and systematize the effects for electric power industry entities and consumers of electricity from the introduction of technology.

A review of literary sources is carried out, the most cited articles on this topic are analyzed. To calculate the propagation rate of non-intrusive load monitoring, the Bass innovation diffusion model was used. The model allows to perform an assessment based on data on similar products and has established itself as sufficiently effective for predicting the distribution of durable goods, the actual information for which has not yet been collected.

For the first time, a classification of effects arising from the introduction of technology is proposed. The paper obtained a range of effects for households, energy companies, business and government. The calculation of the technology distribution rate showed that without the use of technological corridors and the systematic introduction by energy companies, the peak of adoption can be reached by 8 years from the start of implementation.

Non-intrusive load monitoring allows you to get a wide range of data in order to further optimize energy consumption, increase the efficiency of enterprises, monitor the operation of equipment. There are great opportunities in the commercialization of collected data.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF ECONOMY AND TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTIONS: CHALLENGES FOR THE CURRENT PARADIGM OF MANAGEMENT AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kochetkov E. P.
Published: March 2020

The digital transformation of the economy leads to dramatic changes in business and society and requires the reconfiguration of all socio-economic institutions. Such radical changes include economic science and management, challenging the traditional economic laws and management tools that were formed in the “digital era”. The purpose of the study is to identify the key challenges of the digital transformation of the economy for economic science, management and business, as well as the main directions of development of crisis management of companies in the era of the digital economy.

The study identified the main factors of digital transformation of the economy that affect the methods and conditions of doing business, and the challenges of digitalization for business. The necessity of developing a new crisis toolkit for companies of the “digital” and “non-digital” eras is substantiated, for which a comparative analysis of the characteristics of such companies and key indicators of their financial and economic status is carried out. In addition author defined several economic paradoxes that the author called the “scissor effect” (a gap in the dynamics of the capitalization of digital and non-digital companies) and the “paradox of profitability” (growth in the capitalization of digital companies against the backdrop of chronic loss-making activities).

Author used various methods of scientific research: deduction and induction when conducting an empirical analysis of the activities of digital and non-digital companies, analytical methods and historical analysis.

The results of the study will contribute to the development of the theory of management and crisis management in the era of the digital economy, and also will determine the future directions of theoretical and practical development of these scientific disciplines.
THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND THE CURRENT RUSSIAN LEGISLATION REGARDING SUPERVISION OF MARGINAL CREDITING
Authors: Emelyanova E. S.
Published: March 2020

The article analyzes the international Supervisory experience of the European Union in terms of monitoring the implementation of short sales. The analysis was carried out in order to determine further key directions of development of the Russian market of margin lending. In addition, the article also considers the current Russian legislation in terms of supervision of unsecured transactions, regulated by the Decree of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, which entered into force on July 1, 2019. The obtained results of the analysis allowed to make a comparative characteristic of the regulation of short sales in the European and Russian jurisdictions, as well as to make a forecast regarding the hypothetical transformations of the current Russian legislation.

The analysis of the European experience in part of control of implementation of the short sales established by SSR to disclosure of information on short positions, to restrictions on short sales, to powers and ESMA obligations, etc., allows to come to conclusion that regulation in the Russian jurisdiction can be expanded not only due to complication of a procedure for granting of a marginal loan by inclusion in a portfolio of the client of difficult nonlinear tools, but also due to establishment of requirements for disclosure of information on the high-concentrated short positions and establishment of thus constantly reconsidered threshold size. In article the assumption that the designated directions of development of regulation of short sales regarding expansion of powers of the regulator also will increase transparency of intermediary activity and the financial market is made, having provided thus reliable protection of interests of clients of financial intermediaries.
OPEN INNOVATION THEORY: DEFINITION, INSTRUMENTS, FRAMEWORKS
Authors: Orlova L. S.
Published: March 2020

Today flexibility is becoming one of the most important capability in business, because the product life cycle is reduced, the external environment of organizations is constantly changing, technologies are improving every day. In such circumstances, companies cannot afford to develop technologies exclusively in R&D departments in their companies; this is unproductive, inefficient and expensive. Companies “opened” their innovation processes to improve their innovation potential. The relevance of this work is due to the great interest of both the scientific community and practitioners in the instruments and strategies needed for successful adoption of the theory of open innovation.

The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of the progress on open innovation literature reflecting the most essential topics to be covered in future research. This survey study makes a significant contribution to the research of the open innovation theory. The article offers a detailed overview of the various views and studies related to this topic. The evolution in the field of research of open innovation theory is presented here. The article is structured as follows: the link between open innovation and other theories in management, the adoption of open innovation paradigm in different industries, the influence of adopting the open innovation theory on the business, criticism of the open innovation theory, researches studying open innovation theory conducted in Russia, classification of frameworks in the open innovation theory. This article describes the state of open innovation at the intersection of research, practice, and policy.

In addition, this work focuses on the most cited publications of the most cited scientists, as well as on the work of the last two to three years.We combinebibliographic analysis of all papers on the topic published in Scopus database witha systematic content analysis of the field to develop a deeper understanding of earlier work.
Самоидентичность в социологии Э. Гидденса как рефлексивный проект индивида в категориях биографии
Authors: Ковалева Антонина Ивановна , Перинская Наталья Алексеевна
Published: March 2020

В статье рассматривается социологический анализ Э. Гидденса проблемы самоидентичности личности в контексте современности. Социолог обосновал ряд важных теоретических положений, усиливших способности теоретической социологии рефлексивно концептуализировать объективные социальные процессы. Он сформулировал логические основания для осмысления сущности взаимосвязей современного общества, сокращая концептуальный водораздел между социальным субъектом и социальным объектом.
К основным факторам динамизма современности отнесены разделение пространства и времени, действие «высвобождающих механизмов» и институциональная рефлексивность. Гидденс определил саамоидентичность как рефлексивный проект индивида в категориях биографии и сформулировал экзистенциальные и нравственные дилеммы «Я» позднего модерна (унификация и фрагментация, бессилие и контроль, авторитет и неопределенность, индивидуальные и товарно-потребительские формы опыта).
The Wild Differences in Law when Trading in Wild Animals: a US and EU Perspective
Authors: Lubelska-Sazanów Małgorzata
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to show the differences between a regular animal trade and trade in wildlife in the European Union (EU) and in the United States (USA/US). Although the ideas towards using the international sale of animals are similar in the US legal system and in the EU legal system, they have very different foundations. The European model aims for policy – neutral rules of private international law agreed on a multilateral basis, whereas the American approach uses unilateral rules of private international law based on a country’s own domestic interests. Even though there are still no binding international conflict of law rules that would apply to contracts between parties from the US and European countries, this problem could easily be solved in contract law by choosing the law applicable to the contract. However, though the conflict of law rules in the situation where one of the States of the USA is involved might be different in each case. That is the reason why the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) was drafted. Unfortunately, the conclusion based on the material presented in the article is that CITES is not effective enough. Therefore, although the law on the sale of animals leads to similar solutions in USA and in EU, even though it is based on different legal systems (common law and civil law countries), it leads to totally different solutions concerning the law on wild animals.
Traditional Accounting vs. Computer Based Accounting: Challenges Faced by Accountants
Authors: Hossan Mohd. Takdir
Published: March 2020

To face much more difficult and challenging the business world in the challenging professional areas, depth knowledge about any particular filed is very much more compulsory. Accounting is essential function for any commerce and industry. All commerce and industries must keep a record of their revenue and expenses.
Relationship between Safety Climate Factors and Safety Performance among the Workers in Cold Storage Industries
Authors: Ahmad Rusli , Ching Chang Li , Bandar Nur Fatihah Abdullah , Hamidi Hana , Shminan Ahmad Sofian , Siong Heng Chin
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship between the safety climate factors (positive workforce safety attitude, acceptance of safety rules and regulation and reasonable production schedule) towards safety performance among workers who work under the cold storage company at Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. A survey methodology was used in this study. This research involves the utilization of questionnaire which was administered among one-hundred and fifty workers. The relationship between the safety climate factors (Positive workforce safety attitude, acceptance of safety rules and regulation and reasonable production schedule) were analyzed using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis test. The results of this study revealed that there is a significant relationship between (positive workforce safety attitude and acceptance of safety rules and regulation) and safety performance. Meanwhile, result showed that there is no significant relationship between reasonable production schedule and safety performance. Hence, this study hoped to raise the awareness of organization about the importance of safety climate in the workplace.
Relationship between Remittance and Economic Growth: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Sarkar Md. Sujahangir Kabir , Rahman Md. Zillur , Islam Mohammad Muzahidul , Sikdar Md. Mehedi Hasan , Khan Abul Basher
Published: March 2020

Remittance is one of the major sources of capital especially for the developing countries like Bangladesh. This study attempts to explore the relationship between remittance and economic growth in Bangladesh. Time series data from 1995-2016 extracted from the World Bank database as well as Bangladesh Bank statistics were used to measure the relationship of remittance and gross domestic product (GDP) with some other variables such as gross capital formation, gross domestic saving and household final consumption expenditure. Pearson’s correlation coefficient is estimated between the variables. Moreover, annual growth (%) of remittance earning by Bangladesh has been calculated and compared with the GDP growth of Bangladesh. The study has found that on an average, remittance of Bangladesh has been increased by 10.85% from 1995-2016 which is higher than the average growth of the country’s GDP. It has revealed that there is a positive relationship of remittance with the GDP, gross capital formation, domestic saving and household final consumption expenditure in case of Bangladesh. However, there is a frequent fluctuation of remittance flow in Bangladesh in the recent years. Thus, this study recommends that Bangladesh should take proper initiatives for maintaining an increasing trend of remittance in the coming years which would be useful for the socio-economic development of the country.
Adopción de innovaciones y factores asociados en empresas familiares agropecuarias y agroindustriales de México
Authors: Sánchez- Sánchez Araceli , Santoyo-Cortés Vinicio-Horacio , De La Vega-Mena Maricela , Muñoz-Rodríguez Manrrubio , Martínez-González Enrique-Genaro
Published: March 2020

La literatura señala que la innovación tiene como base el conocimiento, para promover cambios que generen mayores beneficios en las empresas. En este trabajo, se analiza el nivel de adopción de innovaciones y los factores asociados en 94 empresas familiares agropecuarias y agroindustriales mexicanas, participantes en una capacitación enfocada en aspectos técnicos, administrativos, organizacionales y familiares. Se encuestó al 63% de estas empresas y se analizó la información a través de indicadores de innovación, comparación de medias y correlaciones. Los resultados mostraron impactos significativos en la adopción de innovaciones en los cuatro aspectos; además, se encontró que la escolaridad, los años en la actividad y el número de familiares involucrados en la empresa se asocian con mayores niveles de innovación.
La eficiencia media-varianza de un portafolio sobreponderado en acciones socialmente responsables de México y Estados Unidos
Authors: Macías-Trejo Luis Guadalupe , López-Herrera Francisco , De la Torre-Torres Oscar Valdemar
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se hace una revisión de los beneficios para un inversionista con un portafolio que invierte tanto en un índice de mercado como en acciones de inversión socialmente responsables (ISR) y que está diversificado en Estados Unidos y México. Al emplear el modelo estándar de Markowitz con históricos diarios de los rendimientos de los índices S&P 500, Dow Jones Sustainability, Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones (IPC) e IPC sustentable, se encontró que sobreponderar en acciones de inversión socialmente responsables conlleva mejores resultados en términos de eficiencia media-varianza en ambos países, en comparación con un portafolio que replica el nivel de inversión de acciones ISR de los índices de mercado previamente citados. Los resultados presentados contribuyen a refutar la posición teórica de que se pierden beneficios y rentabilidad si se da preferencia a la inversión socialmente responsable, en comparación a una cartera o índice de mercado convencional.
Efecto de la responsabilidad social empresarial sobre el posconflicto colombiano: el caso de las pymes
Authors: Salas-Arbeláez Laura , García- Solarte Mónica , Azuero-Rodríguez Andrés Ramiro
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar el efecto de la responsabilidad social empresarial desde las dimensiones económica, ético-legal y filantrópica de las pymes colombianas sobre prácticas empresariales inmersas en el posconflicto, como lo son la vinculación y el apoyo a emprendimientos de víctimas y excombatientes. La metodología es explicativa con enfoque cuantitativo; se encuestó a 492 gerentes de pymes de las ciudades de Cali, Medellín y Bogotá. A partir de los resultados, se pudo identificar que las dimensiones filantrópica y económica tienen un efecto positivo sobre las prácticas empresariales del posconflicto, es decir, cuando la empresa ayuda a la comunidad y prioriza el impacto económico, se favorece la vinculación y apoyo a los actores, mientras que en la dimensión ético-legal sucede lo contrario.
Informes de sustentabilidad y su auditoría: efecto en la liquidez de mercado chileno
Authors: Zúñiga Pérez Felipe Andres , Pincheira-Lucas Roxana , Aguilar-Cárcamo Javiera , Silva-Briceño Jorge
Published: March 2020

Esta investigación analiza si la presentación de los reportes de sustentabilidad, su auditoría y el uso de estándares internacionales de auditoría (ISAE3000-AA1000) tienen un efecto en la liquidez del mercado chileno. Se realiza un análisis comparativo previo y posterior a la publicación de la Norma de Carácter General N.º 385, la cual recomienda informar el desarrollo sustentable. Mediante la utilización de datos de panel, y a través de la estimación de modelos econométricos, los resultados muestran que la presentación de los reportes de sustentabilidad tiene un efecto positivo en la liquidez de las compañías. El efecto se ve incrementado posterior a la publicación de la normativa. Contrario a las expectativas, la auditoría de estos reportes no tiene el efecto esperado. Sin embargo, el uso del estándar internacional AA1000 afecta positivamente a aquellas empresas que voluntariamente lo utilizan.
Knowledge and attitude of nurse professionals towards medical waste management at Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Musa Fatema , Mohamed Ayatullah A. , Selim Nagah
Published: March 2020

Background: The improper management of wastes generated in health care facilities can severely affect the health of caregivers, patients and members of the community. Medical waste management can be achieved with the cooperation of all workers and patients; however, nursing personnel play a significant role in the whole process. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the knowledge of nursing professionals regarding waste management in Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) hospitals in Doha and to assess their attitude towards medical waste management.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at 4 governmental hospitals in Doha city; Hamad General Hospital (HGH), Women's Hospital (WH), Rumiallalh Hospital (RH) and Al-Amal hospital among 420 nurses.Results: The response rate among nurses were 82.3%, most of them are female and non-Qatari. On analyzing data on knowledge about waste management procedures, it was found that the most widely reported procedures was segregation (89.9%) and incineration (84.9%). Almost all nurses (99.4%) believed that training and education regarding medical waste is required for all staff, also 98.8% of the studied nurses agreed that attending medical waste management program is beneficial.Conclusions: Knowledge of most studied nurses regarding medical waste management was found to be high and had positive attitude.
Analysis of obstetric code accuracy at hospital X in Padang 2018 based on international classification of diseases the 10th revision
Authors: . Yastori
Published: March 2020

Background: Coding is one of the competencies of the  health  information  recorder  which has  a  very  important  role  in  supporting  the  improvement  of  the  quality  of health services in accordance with the republic of Indonesia decree  No. 377/Menkes/SK/III/2007 regarding the professional standards of medical record  and health information, medical recorders must be able to establish codes for diagnosis of disease and medical treatment appropriately. The accuracy of coding is related to financing claims, especially for hospitals that work with health service providers such as health insurance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the accuracy of coding based on international classification of diseases the 10th revision (ICD-10).Methods: Research using descriptive methods with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is the observation method that is direct observation of the medical record file. 56 medical records were randomly selected and recoded blindly (as gold standard). Processing statistical data using pivot tables and for coding analysis using ICD-10.Results: Accurate diagnosis code based on the ICD-10 is 14 (25%) and an inaccurate 42 (75%) of 56 diagnoses in the medical record file.  The most inaccurate code found is the fourth character with 22 codes.Conclusions: The inaccuracy of coding at hospital X in Padang was caused among others by the doctor's writing that was not clearly read, errors in the selection in sub categories and in the selection of the character code. In addition, people who work in the medical records section are generally not from a medical record background.
Stress association with neck and shoulder pain among male taxi drivers in Shah Alam, Malaysia
Authors: Ads Hassan Omar , Zaki Muhammad , Abdalrazak Haitham Assem , Baobaid Mohammed Faez , Abdalqader Mohammed A. , Shebl Hesham Abdelaziz , Hassan Laith Nafaa , Faisal Ghazi Hasanain
Published: March 2020

Background: Drivers are often involved in events that elevate their stress levels. Drivers also experience musculoskeletal pain. The association of psychological stress with neck and shoulder pain (NSP) among drivers is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the stress associated with NSP among male taxi drivers in Shah Alam, Malaysia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the psychological stress associated with neck and shoulder pain among male taxi drivers aged 20 to 40 years old in Shah Alam, Malaysia. Data was collected using a self-modified questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic questions for section A, stress level questions for section B and neck and shoulder pain for section C. A total of 89 taxi drivers from Shah Alam, Malaysia were selected using convenience sampling.Results: A total of 95.5% of taxi drivers experienced stress, 95.5% experienced neck pain and 50.6% experienced shoulder pain. However, the result also indicated that stress did not have an association with neck pain (p=0.140) and shoulder pain (p=0.285) among male taxi drivers in Shah Alam, Malaysia.Conclusions: There is no association between psychological stress and neck-shoulder pain among male taxi drivers in Shah Alam, Malaysia.
Stroke in young among exposed to high altitude: prospective observational study in Eastern India
Authors: Kumar Dheeraj , Singh Rajendra Pal , Khan S. Ashraf
Published: March 2020

Background: High altitude deployment for longer duration is a usual event among armed forces personnel. Despite our knowledge and understanding about the risk factors and treatment, stroke still remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. Present study was carried out at a teaching hospital in India, where many soldiers from high altitude area in Eastern India were referred for super speciality care. Our objective was to study the various clinical presentations and risk factors in patients of stroke in age group 15-49 years having longer duration of stay at high altitude.Methods: Patients of stroke between ages 15-49 years, referred to a tertiary care service hospital were treated and evaluated for potential risk factors including prothrombotic factors and analysed using SPSS 15.0.Results: Mean age of patients of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in high altitude area (HAA) was 31.40, 38.68 and age of 38.60 years respectively. Mean Hemoglobin (Hb), homocysteine, serum protein C and S, and antithrombin III levels of HAA ischemic strokes patient was significantly higher than non high altitude area (NHAA) Patients. In case of CVT the difference in mean Serum protein S level of HAA and NHAA patients was significant. There was no statistical difference observed in mean values of serum homocysteine, protein C, protein S and antithrombin III among ischemic stroke and CVT patients in HAA.Conclusions: Prothrombotic state in case of CVT and ischemic strokes is an important risk factor in case for strokes among young individuals in HAA.
Prevalence and factors associated with the use of internet, and its psychopathological effects among intermediate students in Hyderabad city, India
Authors: Chauhan Pooja , Reddy Sai Ram B. , Goparaju A.
Published: March 2020

Background: Excessive use of the internet has become one of the leading challenges of the modern society and causes both physical and mental impairment. There are various researches done worldwide to know the prevalence of internet addiction, factors influencing it and it impact on the lives of adolescent population. Keeping this in mind this study is planned to estimate the use of internet and its impact among intermediate students in Hyderabad city. To know the prevalence of internet use, depression, stress and anxiety among the students; and psychopathological effect of internet use among them.Methods: Multi-centric, cross-sectional study was conducted among intermediate college students. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to assess the internet use and psychopathological effect like behavioural problems, loneliness, depression, anxiety and stress using appropriate scales. It was a self-reported questionnaire.Results: Abnormal internet use was found in 55.9% of students. It was significantly found among those students living alone or sharing room with friends, who had phones before the age of 16 years. It was found more among males and those earning, but not significantly.Conclusions: It can be seen that higher internet use causes sleep problems, behavioural issues, physical health problems, depression, anxiety and stress. But it is also seen that there are factors which have a great influence on the internet use, which can be easily controlled or modified.
Assessment of water and sanitation facilities of Raipur, Hingna in the district of Nagpur: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tekam Anchlesh V. , Thakre Sushama S. , Thakre Subhash , Raut Roshan U.
Published: March 2020

Background: Drinking water supply and sanitation in India continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding attempts by the different levels of government and communities at improving coverage. The study was conducted to assess the water and sanitation facilities of Raipur, Hingna in the district of Nagpur.Methods: A community‑based, cross‑sectional research was conducted among 521 households in Raipur (Hingna) from June to August 2018 by interviewing one member from each household using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire based on the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program Core questions on drinking water and sanitation for household surveys.Results: A majority 284 (54.5%) of slum households have piped water into dwelling, 157 (30.1%) used public tap and 460 (88.3%) household used flush or flush pour latrine. Open field defaecation was not reported in this study.Conclusions: The utilization of improved drinking water source was high. And piped water connection and improved sanitary toilet used was also high. The results coincide with the national and state figures.
Injection practices among the diabetes patients on insulin therapy in Chitradurga
Authors: Sindhu B. M. , Rashmi B. M. , Prashanth G. , Gowda M. R. Nagendra
Published: March 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a global health problem. Insulin is the essential treatment modality for significant number of diabetic patients. Nearly 4 out of 10 patients with T2DM in India are using insulin, either alone or in combination with oral hypoglycemic drugs (OADs). The present study was conducted with the objectives to assess the knowledge and insulin injection practices, risk factors of sharps injury among diabetic patients who are on insulin treatment.Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted at a Basaveshwara hospital, Chitradurga, among diabetic patients on insulin treatment for minimum of past 6 months. Insulin injection technique questionnaire (ITQ) was administered to study participants and proforma was filled by interview technique.Results: 100 patients participated in the study. Syringe and needle device and 6 mm needle are most commonly used devices. 5-10 seconds was the most common duration of time (54%) for which the patients continued to keep the needle inserted in injection site after insulin injection. A 26% patients had lip hypertrophy at injection sites. Among households of the insulin users, a high percentage of children (41%) and house keeper/waste collectors (32%) were at risk of sharps injury. A majority of 55% of the insulin users reported that they didn’t have appropriate disposal containers for the used sharps.Conclusions: A 29% of participants did not practice proper rotation of injection site. Reuse of insulin needles was common practice. Pain/tenderness, lipo-hypertrophy and leakage of insulin after injection were noted at injection site. 10 seconds dwell time was reportedly practiced by only 23%, about half of patients skipped insulin injections and didn’t follow appropriate disposal of used sharps, thereby exposing both family members and waste collectors/handlers to higher risks of sharps injuries.
Primary care-based prevalence of cutaneous lesions among type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban areas of Belagavi, India
Authors: Soumya Chippagiri , Kambar Sanjay , Patil Shivkumar
Published: March 2020

Background: Diabetic complications affects every organ and skin is no exception. Cutaneous signs are extremely valuable to physicians as some alert the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and reflect on glycemic control and lipid metabolism. To estimate the prevalence of cutaneous lesions in urban areas of Belagavi and to find the associated factors.   Methods: Data was collected from type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Primary care Urban Health Centre. Current diabetics from the Diabetic Register, maintained in the Urban Health Centres were included, and patients’ medical records were reviewed for information regarding duration, medications and complications of diabetes. Information about socio-demographic profile, general physical examination, systemic and cutaneous examination were recorded using validated, predesigned and pretested proforma. All patients were asked detailed history regarding skin complaints, duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus, family history and treatment of diabetes mellitus. All cases underwent cutaneous examination under natural light. Cases where diagnosis was doubtful were confirmed by the Department of Dermatology at K.L.E.’s Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital & Medical Research Centre.Results: Of 180 study participants, average age was 59.88±11.06 years and 74.44% were females. 2.56±0.99 years was the mean duration of diabetes and 89.44% were on oral hypoglycemic agents. Prevalence of cutaneous manifestations was found to 48.88%. The cutaneous lesions were asymptomatic in majority of the participants (48.86%) and progressive 48 (54.5%).Conclusions: Cutaneous manifestation were highly prevalent and requires for the physician to be vigilant.
A study on the impact of HIV related stigma on adherence to anti-retroviral treatment among people living with HIV/AIDS in central Kerala, India
Authors: Rajmohan Priyanka , Thomas Joe , Anthoora Thodi Jubina Bency , Gopinathan Unnikrishnan Uttumadathil
Published: March 2020

Background: In India, an estimated 20,88,638 people are living with HIV/AIDS (prevalence 0.27%). The people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are facing double burden of physical and psychosocial impact of infection. This study is conducted to determine prevalence of HIV related stigma among PLHA and to find the association between stigma and adherence to Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) among HIV patients in central Kerala.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from July to December 2018 among 105 adult HIV positive patients who have enrolled in Thrissur Network of People living with HIV/AIDS (TNP PLUS). After obtaining informed consent, the participants were interviewed using a structured interview schedule consisting of questions on socio-demographic details, stigma and ART adherence.Results: The prevalence of high stigma was found to be 21% and moderate stigma 61%.Out of 105 study subjects,68 (64.8%) were found to have a high adherence to ART (≥95%) and 37 (35.2%) were found to have a low adherence (<95%). Patients who had a moderate/high internalized stigma tend to have a low adherence to ART as compared to patients who had low stigma (OR=3.4 (1.2-12.8) p=0.04). On analyzing the association between the different forms of stigma and adherence to ART, isolation by family members, abandoned by friends and verbal stigma were significantly associated with low ART adherence.Conclusions: HIV related internalized stigma was pervasive among the study subjects. These patients also experience other forms of enacted stigma. The presence of internalized stigma was found to be significantly associated with low adherence to ART.
Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test: a sensitive diagnostic tool for tuberculosis on fine needle aspirates samples
Authors: Patil Suwarna B. , Dhage Shweta M. , Umap Pradeep S. , Ghorpade S. V. , Patharwat Shyamkant
Published: March 2020

Background: The extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging to diagnose due to its pauci-bacillary nature. According to recent research, WHO recommends cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) to be used as initial diagnostic test in suspected cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Aim of the present study is to assess the role of CBNAAT in comparison with cytomorphological features upon fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and Ziehl-Neelson (ZN) stain in clinically suspected cases of EPTB.Methods: Present pilot study is descriptive cross-sectional study of 439 cases of clinically suspected EPTB over a period of 12 months (January 2019 to December 2019). After procedure of fine needle aspirates, smears were stained with routine H&E, papanicolaou stain and ZN stain. In the same setting, aspirate was also sent for CBNAAT. Results were obtained after detailed study.Results: Out of 439 cases, presumptive tuberculosis was diagnosed in 192 cases showing either epithelioid cell granulomas or caseous necrosis or both upon morphology, while overall 94 cases were positive on ZN stain and 146 cases were CBNAAT positive with the sensitivity of 84.04% and specificity of 80.57%.Conclusions: FNAC is the cheapest and simplest method to diagnose extrapulmonary tuberculosis, however those smears where tuberculosis cannot be diagnosed on FNAC like suppurative lesions, reactive lymphadenitis and low cellularity, CBNAAT plays a key role for the correct diagnosis thereby significantly reducing the morbidity and mortality.
Is community radio an effective tool for health education? Perceptions of stakeholders of a community radio project in north coastal Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Rajana Vijay , Prasad K. K. L. , Madhavi B. Devi
Published: March 2020

Background: Unlike commercial radio, community radio works with local communities and helps in catering their specific needs and necessities and works as an innovative tool in bringing social change by using the participation of common man from the community in the program. Community radio stations are operated, owned, and influenced by the communities they serve. The objectives of the study were to describe the background information of the community radio services and to assess the perceptions of the rural community about the effectiveness of community radio and challenges in delivering its services.Methods: This study was designed on mixed method approach. Knowledge about health was assessed through a cross-sectional study. Perceptions about the effectiveness of community radio were gathered through focus group discussions. In-depth interviews with service providers obtained limitations and constraints that hinder the effectiveness. Villages surrounding an engineering college in Srikakulam district of north coastal Andhra Pradesh which is being provided community radio services by the institute. People in the selected villages who were provided community radio services and the staff of the engineering college involved in the program.Results: Preliminary results indicate that the beneficiaries found that programmes on care during pregnancy and delivery related issues were most beneficial. Drop out of trained community personnel to provide the health education was a major drawback as per the service providers.Conclusions: This beneficial approach to community needs support from the Government to implement it in every remote corner of our country.
Assessment of nutritional status of the geriatric patients attending the outpatient department of an urban health training centre: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jadhao Ashok , Dass Ruhi
Published: March 2020

Background: Older persons are particularly vulnerable to malnutrition and it is very difficult to provide them with adequate nutrition. As the age increases, energy requirement per kilogram body weight is reduced. Thus, People belonging to the older age group are at risk for malnutrition because of the evident physical changes related to aging and numerous psychological and social factors such as depression, lack of independence and limited income.Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of an urban health training centre. A total of 351 participants were included (154 men and 197 women) aged 65 years and above. The nutritional status of participants was assessed using the mini-nutritional assessment tool.Results: Out of 351 elderly patients, only 25% were observed to be well-nourished, 58.6% were at the risk of malnutrition and around 16.2% of the elderly patients were malnourished. A significant association was found between nutritional status and older age groups, female gender, dependent financial status and inadequate dietary intake.Conclusions: According to this study, the risk of malnutrition among the elderly is very high. It depicts that malnutrition can be a result of many factors and thus, this problem should be solved through health education to the elderly and their families by which diet and lifestyle of this section of our population can be improved.