bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-Precision Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature with Integrated Infrared Thermometer
Authors: Zhang Kailin , Wang Xinyu
Published: February 2022

The sea surface temperature (SST) is a crucial parameter system in climate monitoring. Satellite remote sensing is currently the most common approach for measuring long-term and large-area sea surface temperatures. The SST data measured by the satellite radiometer include the sea surface skin temperature (SSTskin) at a depth of approximately 10 μm. Satellite remote sensing measurement data must be compared and validated with on-site measured data. There are various solutions for on-site measuring instruments; the essential components are usually infrared radiation sensors with radiation output. This paper uses an ordinary integrated infrared thermometer without a radiation output function to remotely measure the sea surface temperature to achieve a high-precision measurement. The scheme of integrating infrared thermometers to measure the sea surface temperature is investigated in this paper. Based on Planck’s formula, the bidirectional conversion relationship between temperature and radiation in a certain band is established. The experimental system introduced in this paper uses an integrated infrared thermometer to measure the small blackbody and the target in a cyclic measurement system. We combine it with the sea surface emissivity characteristics and eliminate the influence of sky background radiation on the sea surface to obtain the actual amount of radiation on the sea surface, from which we obtain the actual radiation amount on the sea surface. Accurate SST can be calculated from the actual amount of radiation at the sea surface. The temperature measurement accuracy can reach 0.1 K, allowing it to meet on-site temperature measurement requirements, as well as the comparison measurement requirements confirmed by satellite remote sensing on-site data. There are relatively few products available for sensors with a temperature measurement accuracy of 0.1 K on the market, and temperature measurement equipment with a temperature measurement accuracy of 0.1 K is relatively expensive. Cost is one of the important factors to consider when using in bulk, especially as global warming increases the need for ocean monitoring. The scheme proposed in this paper is beneficial to reduce the volume and weight of measuring instruments, reduce the cost, and promote the large-scale combined application of sea surface temperature change monitoring.
Design and Implementation of a Ball-Plate Control System and Python Script for Educational Purposes in STEM Technologies
Authors: Tudić Vladimir , Kralj Damir , Hoster Josip , Tropčić Tomislav
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the process of designing, fabricating, assembling, programming and optimizing a prototype nonlinear mechatronic Ball-Plate System (BPS) as a laboratory platform for engineering education STEM. Due to the nonlinearity and complexity of BPS, the task presents challenges such as: (1) difficulty in controlling the stabilization of a particular position point, known as steady-state error, (2) position resolution, known as specific distance error, and (3) adverse environmental effects—light-shadow error, which is also discussed in this paper. The laboratory prototype BPS for education was designed, manufactured and installed at Karlovac University of Applied Sciences in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics program. The low-cost two-degree BPS uses a USB HD camera for computer vision as a feedback sensor and two DC servo motors as actuators. Due to control problems, an advanced block diagram of the control system is proposed and discussed. An open-source control system based on Python scripts, which allows the use of ready-made functions from the library, allows the color of the ball and the parameters of the PID controller to be changed, indirectly simplifying the control system and performing mathematical calculations directly. The authors will continue their research on this BPS mechatronic platform and control algorithms.
Screening for New Efficient and Sustainable-by-Design Solvents to Assist the Extractive Fermentation of Glucose to Bioethanol Fuels
Authors: Marcoulaki Effie , Baxevanidis Pantelis
Published: February 2022

The production of bioethanol fuels using extractive fermentation increases the efficiency of the bioconversion reaction by reducing the toxic product inhibition. The choice of appropriate solvents to remove the bioethanol product without inhibiting the fermentation is important to enable industrial scale application. This work applies computer-aided molecular design technologies to systematically screen a wide variety of candidate solvents to enhance the separation, also considering the microorganisms that perform the fermentation. The performance of the candidates was evaluated using a rigorous process simulator for extractive fermentation, assisted by functional group-contribution (QSPR/QSAR) models for the prediction of various solvent properties, including toxicity and life cycle impacts. The solvent designs generated through this approach can provide powerful insights on the kind of molecular structures and functionalities that satisfy the process objectives and constraints, as well the desired sustainability features.
Innovation Opportunity and Challenge of Standardization in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic and the Socio-Economic Impact: A Case Study in Indonesia
Authors: Prasetya Bambang , Restu Wahono Daryono , Yopi  , Prasetya Candraditya
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 health crisis has disrupted various aspects of life: social, economic and work models in organizations, such as government organizations, private organizations, and businesses. To overcome this situation, a number of appropriate activities are needed to directly overcome the various problems in public health, both preventive and curative. In line with that, activities have also been taken to recover from the impact caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes the role of standardization in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including the business process of formulation and development of standards, conformity assessment procedures, and the role of metrology in providing calibration services. Moreover, the role of the implementation of standards to overcome the socio-economic impact and innovation is also discussed. The method used in this report is based on observation and secondary data. The observation was carried out in Jakarta and surrounding cities, which are representatives of the islands of Java and Bali. A short overview of the literature regarding Coronavirus, the principal role of standardization, regulation, innovation, and its social-economic impact were obtained from secondary data from various sources.
How Does the Sustainable Investment Climate Affect Firm Geographic Diversification in China? Managerial Discretion as a Mediator
Authors: Zhang Huirui , Zhang Sanbao
Published: February 2022

Although existing research has explored the main effects of the sustainable investment climate, including political and legal environments, on the performance of firms’ geographic diversification, most studies neglect the role of strategic leadership, especially the CEO. The concept of managerial discretion provides a theoretical lens to fill this void. Using a large database from the Investment Climate Survey conducted by The World Bank, which covers 12,400 firms from 120 cities among China’s 30 provinces, we empirically prove that the investment climate, including governmental, legal, and financial environments, significantly influence the degree of CEO managerial discretion. Moreover, CEO managerial discretion is positively associated with firm geographic diversification and mediates the relationship between the investment climate and firm geographic diversification. Specifically, the greater the CEO managerial discretion, the lower degree of firm investment within the city and the province in which it is headquartered and the higher level of the firm’s internationalization. Implications for firms’ geographic diversification and constructing a sustainable investment climate for emerging markets are finally given.
Mesh Clustering and Reordering Based on Normal Locality for Efficient Rendering
Authors: Kim Sungjin , Lee Chang Ha
Published: February 2022

Recently, the size of models for real-time rendering has been significantly increasing for realism, and many graphics applications are being developed in mobile devices with relatively insufficient hardware power. Therefore, improving rendering speed is still important in graphics. Back-face culling is one of the core speed-up techniques to remove the back-facing polygons that are not drawn in the result image. In this paper, we present a mesh clustering and reordering method based on normal coherence for efficient back-face culling at an earlier stage than the current method, which removes back faces after the vertex shader on the GPU. In the pre-computation, our method first vertically clusters the mesh into multiple stripes based on the latitude of the face normal vector and sorts each stripe in ascending order of longitude. At runtime, our method computes a potentially visible set of faces at the current camera view by excluding back faces from the clustered and reordered faces list, and draws only the potentially visible set. Experiments have shown that the rendering using our method is more efficient than traditional methods, especially for large and static models.
Aerodynamic Effects Produced by a High-Speed Train Traveling through a Tunnel Considering Different Car Numbers
Authors: Du Jian-Ming , Fang Qian , Wang Gan , Wang Jun , Li Jian-Ye
Published: February 2022

The geometrical configurations of high-speed trains and tunnels are symmetric. However, the aerodynamic pressure acting on tunnel walls induced by high-speed trains passing through is unsymmetric. The study of the aerodynamic effects produced by high-speed trains traveling through tunnels can be treated as the theoretical basis for safety evaluations of tunnel structures and operational trains. There is still no consensus regarding the use of three or four cars, as opposed to eight, in evaluations aerodynamic effects. To solve this problem, three-dimensional simulations were conducted to evaluate the effects of car number on the aerodynamic pressures of the tunnel lining and micropressure waves due to tunnel portals. The input parameters of our simulation were verified by comparing with field monitoring data obtained by other researchers. The results indicate that the root cause of the differences in the aerodynamic pressures of the tunnel lining and the micropressure waves of tunnel portals according to car number is that the wave diagrams of different car numbers inside tunnels present significant differences. The differences in the maximum positive and negative pressure peaks experienced by the tunnel lining between a three- and an eight-car model are 11.70% and 44.0%, respectively, while the differences in the same scenario are as high as 48.6% and 46.4% after train tail leaves the tunnel. When the car number increases from three to eight, the time to reach the maximum negative pressure peak of the micropressure wave is periodically delayed. The delay period can be defined as T = loc/v (loc: single train carriage length, v: train speed).
The Role of Prehospital REBOA for Hemorrhage Control in Civilian and Military Austere Settings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chan Ching Nga , Kadir Bryar , Ahmed Zubair
Published: February 2022

Despite the success of prehospital resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in combat and civilian settings, the prevalence of complications and the lack of conclusive evidence has led to uncertainty and controversy. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the role of prehospital REBOA for hemorrhage control in trauma populations. We systematically searched Cochrane, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar for all relevant studies that investigated the efficacy of prehospital REBOA on trauma patients with massive hemorrhage. Primary outcome was evaluated by blood pressure elevation and secondary outcome was measured by 30-day mortality and complications. Our search identified 546 studies, but only six studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included studies were low to moderate quality due to limitations within the studies. However, all of the studies reported significant elevation of blood pressure and survival, demonstrating the potential benefits of REBOA. For example, the 30-day mortality rate reduced significantly after REBOA, but studies lacked long-term outcome assessments across the continuum of care. Due to the heterogeneity of the results, a meta-analysis was not possible. We conclude that prehospital REBOA is a feasible and effective resuscitative adjunct for shock patients with lethal non-compressible torso hemorrhage. However, due to the unclear causes of complications and the lack of high quality and homogeneous data, the effects of prehospital REBOA were not truly reflected and comparison between groups was not feasible. Thus, further high-quality studies are required to attest the causality between prehospital REBOA and outcomes.
Atherosclerotic Lesion of the Carotid Artery in Indonesian Cynomolgus Monkeys Receiving a Locally Sourced Atherogenic Diet
Authors: Laila Sri Rahmatul , Astuti Dewi Apri , Suparto Irma Herawati , Handharyani Ekowati , Register Thomas C. , Sajuthi Dondin
Published: February 2022

The atherosclerotic lesion is a principal hallmark of atherosclerotic animal models. This study aimed to assess lesions of the carotid artery in Indonesian cynomolgus monkeys exposed to an IPB-1 atherogenic diet. A total of 20 adult male cynomolgus monkeys received the local IPB-1 diet for two years. Blood lipid profiles, morphology, and carotid ultrasound of monkeys were measured. Nine of them were euthanized to confirm atherosclerotic lesions. Common carotid arteries (CCA) and carotid bifurcation (BIF) samples were collected and stained using Verhoef-van Giessen and CD68 immunohistochemistry. The results reveal the presence of severe atherosclerosis plaques in six out of nine animals (66.7%) corresponding to intermediately and hyper-responsive groups. The hyper-responsive group displayed the highest response in the developing intimal area (IA) at the CCA (0.821 mm2), whereas the hyporesponsive group had the smallest IA (0.045 mm2) (p = 0.0001). At the BIF, the hyporesponsive group showed the smallest IA (p = 0.001), but there was no difference between the intermediately and hyper-responsive groups (p = 0.312). The macrophage marker CD68 was also expressed on the cartotid of the intermediately and hyper-responsive groups. These results indicate that severe atherosclerotic lesions with high infiltration of macrophages were formed in the carotid arteries of intermediately and hyper-responsive Indonesian cynomolgus monkeys fed with the local atherogenic diet IPB-1 over two years, thus confirming atherosclerosis in a nonhuman primate model.
Understanding Vulnerability in Girls and Young Women with High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Bradley Susan Jane
Published: February 2022

There is a population of young women with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who function relatively well so that their disorder is not easily recognized. If their difficulties with emotion regulation in childhood continue into adolescence they are vulnerable to the development of a number of mental disorders, treatment of which can be difficult if the presence of ASD is not understood. In this commentary, I use the example of gender dysphoria to illustrate the issues.
Increasing the rational use of tourist resources and accommodation facilities of the Kamchatka region on the basis of clasterisation
Authors:   Hotel Business and Tourism Institute Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Vodonovskaya A. A.
Published: February 2022

The trends are such that clustering is used today as one of the main tools for the rational use of tourist resources. Kamchatka Krai is no exception. The article discusses the actual tourist clusters of the region, which are most relevant to the research topic.
World experience of educational technologies in the field of tourism and hospitality
Authors:   Moscow, Russian state University of physical culture, sport, youth and tourism (GTSOLIFK), Avilova Natalia Leonidovna
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the possibility of using the world experience in the development of educational technologies (portfolio technologies and case technologies. WorldSkills. dual training, SMART technologies, modeling of production situations) in the field of tourism and hospitality.
Strategic technologies as tools for managing the digital hotel and tourism business
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Vasilishina A. A. , Kvasha E. S. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Nikolskaya E. Yu. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow
Published: February 2022

The article discusses technological trends that will contribute to the development of digital business, secure data storage and more efficient enterprise management in the hospitality and tourism industry.
Innovative ways to ensure personal security in a hotel from third parties
Authors:   State Autonomous Educational Institution ", Loboda S. I. ,   Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism, Ushakov R. N. ,   State Autonomous Educational Institution "Moscow State University of Sport and Tourism"
Published: February 2022

The article describes the current aspects of innovative technologies in the field of personal security of guests in hotels and the possibility of using personal protective items by guests during their stay in hotels. The importance of their participation in the tourism business is substantiated and the results of this process are presented. The article also describes in detail the procedure for the use of personal protective equipment by guests, examines the regulatory legal acts on which the security service in the hotel enterprise relies. The purpose of this article is to consider and research questions about how guests can protect themselves with their own personal protective equipment (improvised items). This article sets an urgent task and substantiates the important role of the development of innovative directions for ensuring the personal safety of guests during their stay at the hotel. Within the framework of this article, I will try to first touch on the concept of tourism security, the role of the security service in the hotel, regulatory legal acts regulating the activities of the security service, give as an example some of the existing types of innovations in the field of ensuring the safety of hotel enterprises, and then move on to the types of individual security on the part of guests, and reveal in detail how residents can independently protect themselves from possible illegal actions of third parties. The analysis of offenses committed in the tourism sector was carried out, as well as the Russian tourist resort cities that are leading in the number and/or types of offenses in the hotel sector were identified. The types of criminal acts committed and the ratings of the regions of Russia for particularly serious crimes, minor crimes, etc. are considered.
Wolffia columbiana and W. globosa (Araceae) new to Britain
Authors: Lansdown Richard , Kitchener Geoffrey , Jones Evan
Published: February 2022

In the course of surveys of ditches in the Pevensey Levels in October 2021, a large population of the non-native Wolffia columbiana H. Karst. was found, new to Britain. Subsequent investigation showed W. columbiana to be widespread on the Pevensey and Gwent Levels and present in other grazing marsh ditch complexes in Somerset, West Sussex and Kent, while W. globosa (Roxb.) Hartog & Plas was also found in the Gwent Levels. This paper describes the known distribution of W. columbiana in Britain, provides information on identification of different Wolffia species and considers the implications of this discovery for conservation of the native W. arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimm.
Orchids in Scotland: changes in their occurrence since 1950
Authors: Trudgill David
Published: February 2022

The numbers of tetrad records (plus hectads without any tetrad records) in the BSBI Distribution Database collected annually for twenty species of orchids in Scotland increased 5.9-fold between the periods 1950-69 and 2010-2019. Similarly, the total numbers of records for all plant taxa (duplicates removed) also increased, but even more so (13.6-fold between 1950-69 and 2010-19). These increases were progressive and are thought to reflect an increase in the intensity of recording. Support for this suggestion was provided by regressing mean annual numbers of orchid tetrad records for five time periods since 1950 against the corresponding records for all plant taxa. This revealed that the increases in both were highly correlated (R2 = 0.99). To nullify the effect of the increase in recording effort on numbers of orchid tetrad records I used the corresponding total number of records for all plant taxa as a proxy for changes in amounts of recording. When this was done, compared to 1970-86, two-thirds of the orchid species had declined by more than 50% and two by 80% or more. One species had apparently increased.
Subspecies in Vulpia geniculata (Poaceae)
Authors: Stace Clive A.
Published: February 2022

Variation in Vulpia geniculata (L.) Link is described and the taxonomic significance of the characters that have been used in its classification is discussed. It is concluded that the form of the inflorescence is the soundest feature on which to base subspecies. The three subspecies, including subsp. flavescens (Sennen) Stace, comb. et stat. nov., are listed.
The Impact of Accounting Features of Certain Population Groups on Indicators of Age and Sex Structure of the Population of Municipalities of Russia
Authors: Mkrtchyan N. V.
Published: February 2022

The article evaluates the influence of special populations (convicts sentenced to imprisonment, military and other numerical groups, statistical records of which are specific) on indicators of sex and age structure of the population of urban and municipal districts of Russia.The introductory part of the article considers the features of domestic demographic statistics in relation to the analyzed groups of the population, which emphasizes the relevance of the problem under consideration. Then, it describes the methodological foundations of the author's research. It is indicated that the analysis was carried out based on data from the 2010 All-Russia Population Census and information from territorial bodies of state statistics for 2019–2020 on the age and sex composition of the population, as well as data from open sources on the Internet.In the main body of the article, the author argues that the peculiarities of accounting for the population groups under consideration most strongly distort the data on the age and sex structure of the population in the youngest age groups, and their influence to the greatest extent affects the reliability of data on the population of municipalities with a small number of residents. In these municipalities, the share of special populations in the total population is the most significant and may exceed 10% of its total population (but even with a smaller share of the considered population group in the total population, the level of distortion of data by gender and age groups can be significant).

Thus, the calculations show the scale of distortions (in the intercensal period) in the age structure of the population of municipalities in the young and middle age due to the specifics of accounting for the migration of these population groups.
Comparing the Effect of Extended PLISSIT Model and Group Counseling on Sexual Function and Satisfaction of Pregnant Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ziaei Tayebe , Keramat Afsaneh , Kharaghani Roghieh , Haseli Arezoo , Ahmadnia Elahe
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Changes in the performance and sexual satisfaction of women during pregnancy can be one of the important factors involved in the emergence of sexual problems in women. This study aimed to compare the effect of Extended Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestion, Intensive Therapy (Ex-PLISSIT) and group counseling on sexual function and satisfaction of pregnant women. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 111 pregnant women from 2016 to 2018 in Zanjan, Iran. Eligible participants were selected through convenience sampling method and allocated into three groups Ex-PLISSIT model, group counseling and control group, using block randomization method. Sexual function and sexual satisfaction were evaluated via the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Hudson’s sexual satisfaction questionnaire at baseline and four weeks after the last counseling session. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 13 and ANCOVA, ANOVA, Wilcoxon, chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests. Results: Median (interquartile range) of the participants’ sexual function in the Ex-PLISSIT group was 25.9 (4) in the counseling group, 26 (5.5), in the control group, and 25.8 (4.8) at the baseline. These scores changed to 28.9 (5.4), 27.9 (5.1), and 25.2 (4.3) at the 4-week follow-up, respectively. These differences were statistically significant. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean sexual satisfaction scores between the three groups, at the follow up period. Conclusion: Providing sexual counseling by any approach during routine prenatal care by community midwives may improve couples’ sexual health.
The Life Portrayed in Kulothungan's Poems
Authors: R Arthi , S Bharani
Published: February 2022

This article discusses about the current life of human beings in the modern era. The Poet Kulothungan describes the life in a very beautiful way and also advises the youngsters to make their life good and happy. The poet also suggests many ways to reform the world for the better future. He says many things related to our daily life which inspires everyone to enjoy their lives and have faith in themselves to achieve everything. Man expresses his imagination and his intuition through poetry. In addition, through his poetry, the creator reveals the records of social disorders, education, commerce, scientific development and caste eradication that appear in his mind. In that way one can know the biographical records in the poems of the poet Kulothungan through this article.
Worship of Kurumba Tribal
Authors: P Murugan
Published: February 2022

Kurumbas of Attappady area has the tradition of worshipping the nature and make offering to the land. As Attappady is a hilly region, they follow the same lifestyle of people living in other hilly areas. They live in harmony with nature and worship earth as their God. They do not give importance to religion and they are interested in worshipping the nature. Thus, this people differ from people in other hilly areas. Nature worship was given priority by the ethnic minorities. It is customary for these people to worship the earth and the woman. Plowing, hunting and beekeeping are the main occupations of these people. Knowing the special nature of the forests, the forest deities are worshiped, and the deities and deities are worshiped. They can be seen in a position where no religion is prioritized. Worship of Vanjiyamman is also said to be the worship of Kannaki. The uniqueness of these people is that they live a life in harmony with nature. Nature worship was given priority by the ethnic minorities. It is customary for these people to worship the earth and the woman. Plowing, hunting and beekeeping are the main occupations of these people. Knowing the special nature of the forests, the forest deities are worshiped, and the deities and deities are worshiped. They can be seen in a position where no religion is prioritized. Worship of Vanjiyamman is also said to be the worship of Kannaki. The uniqueness of these people is that they live a life in harmony with nature.
Resultados de laboratorio, del funcionamiento de un prototipo de modulo para saneamiento de aguas servidas
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Huichapan, MARMOLEJO-QUINTANAR Jaqueline , PINEDA-PRADO Daniel Alejandro
Published: February 2022

Based on the waste of water, which is done by the human population, not having an awareness of the importance of water care and that it is a vital element for the entire world population, a module has been generated for the treatment of sewage, where natural resources can be implemented and instantly fulfill a functionality required by the users of a home. Drinking water inherently becomes wastewater, impacting the environment, health and the economy. The groundwater tables from which the water is extracted for human consumption, it is shown that treating wastewater to the environment is simple, practical, economical and easy to use -How to design a module for domestic water that covers the above characteristics? Concepts of traditional, alternative and natural treatment are analyzed. Such as the Hydraulic Retention Time, (HRT), contact surface, path through deflectors, filter with absorbent and adsorbent aggregates, evapotransportation and wetland, which simplified development and propose a treatment system that together with the technical-constructive systems optimize the integral operation, in addition a construction process and its sequence of operation are proposed. As a result, there is a module integrated into the sanitary installation that summarizes the treatment processes proposed in four stages, facilitating the continuity of the water within the artificial and natural hydrological cycles, observing the improvement in the quality of the treated water when the process is at Instantly, the construction process is simple in its execution, with low operating and maintenance costs, the environmental impact is reduced.
Educators’ Perspectives on Factors Impacting STEM Achievement in Rural Indigenous Student-Serving Schools
Authors: De Mars AnnMaria , Taken Alive Juliana , Burns Ortiz Maria , Ma Zixuan , Wang Minruo
Published: February 2022

This study addressed the question, “What factors do experts perceive as impacting STEM achievement of students in rural schools with predominantly Indigenous students?” A thematic analysis of interviews with 40 educators with a depth of experience identified six major themes: holistic STEM education, inclusion of local culture in STEM education, highly qualified staff, STEM curriculum and instruction, technology, and STEM funding. These themes were interrelated. Holistic education demanded more individualized curriculum and required more highly qualified staff who could adapt the curriculum and integrate technology with traditional knowledge, but these educators were harder to hire and retain due to low funding. It is emphasized that efforts to raise STEM achievement of Indigenous students attending rural schools should be embedded within consideration of the larger system, including the academic, emotional, and cultural experiences of students and financial, technological and human resources available.
Rethinking Equity and Justice in Rural Organizations: Implications for Policy and Practice
Authors: Price Azano Amy , Means Darris R.
Published: February 2022

This qualitative study examines the progress of a rural New Jersey school in addressing longstanding racial conflict after implementing a Youth Participatory Action Research project two years prior. Here we take up the thread as students continued to develop activities meant to increase awareness of ongoing issues, and as adults used professional development time to model best practices in managing racialized interactions. Eight teachers and staff not originally involved and nine students who had been directly involved were interviewed and a student focus group conducted. All participants agreed that progress had been made though issues around curriculum and discipline remained. Both the adults and the students engaged in considerable self-reflection about their roles. Adults reported the impact of hearing the students’ voices on school practices, and students discussed how their roles as researchers and peer leaders had contributed to their standing as experts.
Dry Eye Syndrome among Game Addicts
Authors: Sormin Glenn A. S. T. , Supit Wenny P. , Rares Laya M.
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Game is one of the entertainments most often played today. Age differences are not a problem for those who enjoy games. However, the use of computers and cellphones by game addicts can have a bad effect on their health, especially the eye health. Playing games causes lack of eye blinking, therefore, it can cause dry eye syndrome. This study aimed to describe the occurrence of dry eye syndrome due to playing games on game addicts. This was a literature review study using three databases namely ClinicalKey, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were Dry Eye Syndrome on game addict. The result showed that external factors such as excessive use of games continuously and playing games that required high concentration caused eye strain and lacks of blinking for a long time without adequate rest were the highest factors that caused dry eye syndrome in game addicts which could occur acutely. This syndrome was often occurred in productive ages from children to adults. In conclusion, dry eye syndrome is highly potential to occur among game addicts. Keywords: dry eye syndrome; game addiction Abstrak: Game merupakan salah satu hiburan yang paling sering dimainkan oleh masyarakat saat ini. Perbedaan usia tidak menjadi masalah bagi pencinta game. Penggunaan komputer dan gawai oleh pecandu game dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan terutama kesehatan mata, Bermain game menyebabkan kurangnya kedipan mata sehingga dapat menyebabkan dry eye syndrome. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan terjadinya dry eye syndrome akibat bermain game pada pecandu game. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan tiga database ClinicalKey, PubMed, dan Google Scholar dengan kata kunci Dry eye syndrome on game addict. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor eksternal seperti penggunaan game yang berlebihan terus menerus dan jenis game konsentrasi tinggi menyebabkan ketegangan mata, dan kurang berkedip dalam waktu lama tanpa istirahat yang merupakan faktor tertinggi penyebab dry eye syndrome pada pecandu game yang dapat terjadi secara akut, lebih sering terjadi pada usia produktif mulai dari anak hingga dewasa. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah dry eye syndrome berpotensi tinggi terjadi pada pecandu game.Kata kunci: sindroma dry eye; game addiction
Strategi Menulis Dplt (Dengarkan, Pikirkan, Lengkapi, Dan Tuliskan) Dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Religius
Authors: Majdi Muhammad , Husna Lailatul , Hidayah Noor
Published: February 2022

Karakter Religius menjadi salah satu pondasi yang penting bagi peserta didik dalam bekalnya menjadi makhluk sosial. Hal tersebut melatar belakangi penelitian ini yang dikolaborasikan dengan pembelajaran menulis kalimat pada jenjang sekolah dasar dengan maksud menumbuhkan jiwa religiusnya dengan beberapa indikator seperti sikap patuh menjalankan ibadah yang dianut, saling menghargai, tidak membeda-bedakan teman yang beragama lain, hidup rukun dengan semua teman, dan  memberi salam kepada semua orang ketika sedang bertemu.  Metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan induktif. Hasil penelitian implementasi strategi DPLT (dengarkan, pikirkan, lengkapi dan tuliskan) berjalan dengan baik sesuai langkah-langkahnya yang terdiri dari bagian 1) dengarkan, 2) pikirkan, 3)lengkapi dan 4) tuliskan. Sedangkan korelasi pendidikan karakter religius  dengan strategi DPLT terdapat pada beberapa langkah penerapan strategi pembelajaran sesuai dengan indikator pendidikan karakter religius, seperti dalam adab berpakaian, memberi dan menjeawab salam,  berdoa sebelum melakukan kegiatan, interaksi dengan gerakan-gerakan yang disunahkan oleh agama, menghargai serta sopan antara siswa dengan siswa dan siswa dengan guru.
Influences of Earned Value Management on Construction Project’s Performance in Yemen
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Architecture Department, College of Engineering, University of Science & Technology, Yemen., Hakami* Dr. Waled , Shameri Dr. M. A. ,   Assistant Professor, Architecture Department, College of Engineering, University of Science & Technology, Yemen., Aldhubhani Dr. Belal R. ,   Assistant Professor, Architecture Department, College of Engineering, University of Science & Technology, Yemen.
Published: February 2022

Most of projects in developing countries suffer cost overruns, behind the schedule, and bad quality due to improper monitoring and controlling technique. This study investigated the earned value management in Yemen as a monitoring and controlling technique and its relation with the project performance. The both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted covering unstructured interview and questionnaire. This study conducted both pilot study and pre-test which led to proper instrument used in large-scale survey. Reliability and validity tests applied on the instrument which judged it to be reliable and valid. SPSS IBM 19 analysed the data showing that the Earned value has not understood due to lack of knowledge and wasn’t practiced in the site. Consequently, this led to performance failure. To overcome this issue, the academics and practitioners should study and practice earned value management in Yemen particularly, and in developing countries in general.
“Non se ne può plus!”: i (neo)latinismi e la loro pronuncia
Authors: Gualdo Riccardo
Published: February 2022

Molti lettori ci segnalano la pronuncia “all’inglese” di plus.
TYPES OF PERIOSTEAL REACTIONS ON RADIOGRAPHY IN CHARACTERIZATION OF OSSEOUS NEOPLASMS
Authors: Biradar Nagaraj , Jirankali Vivek , Singh Wadhawan Brahmdeep
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of types of periosteal reactions on radiography in distinguishing between nonaggressive (usually benign) and aggressive (usually malignant) osseous neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Current study is a retrospective study. Review of X-rays of 52 bone lesions were done. Type of periosteal reaction was assessed in radiograph of each bone lesion and was categorised as either non-aggressive or aggressive with further subcategorization into further types. Type of periosteal reaction (Aggressive v/s Nonaggressive) was correlated with histopathological diagnosis. RESULTS: Of 52 osseous lesions, there were 22 benign bone lesions and 30 malignant bone lesions. 17 of 22 (77%) benign osseous lesions showed Nonaggressive periosteal reaction and 1 of 22 (5%) showed aggressive periosteal reaction. 4 of 22 (18%) benign osseous lesions did not show any periosteal reaction. 28 of 30 (93%) malignant lesions showed aggressive periosteal reaction and 2 of 30 (7%) malignant osseous lesions showed nonaggressive periosteal reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Types of periosteal reactions (Aggressive and Nonaggressive) correlate with risk of malignancy. Lesions with nonaggressive type of periosteal reaction are usually benign and lesions with aggressive type of periosteal reaction are usually malignant.
STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF MOTHERS ABOUT NUTRITION STATUS FOR INFANTS AND TODDLERS IN CENTRAL INDIA
Authors: Diwakar Avadhesh
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Nutrition is one of the factors that can be used as a determinant of the quality of human resources. The
number of malnourished sufferers in the world reaches 104 million children. The prevalence of underweight children is
very high in the state of Madhya Pradesh. As per NFHS-4 data the prevalence of undernutrition in M. P. is 42.8%.
METHODS: This study was an observational cross-sectional design. It was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020. The study
population was mothers who had infants and or toddlers in Bhopal city of M. P. The sampling was carried out using random sampling with
inclusion criteria of mothers who have infants and or toddlers residing in Bhopal M. P. Based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, a
sample of 300 was obtained. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Statistical tests were performed using chi-square test.
RESULTS: Chi-square test results showed a signicant value (p<0.05), which means that there is signicant relationship between maternal
knowledge of maternal attitudes about nutritional status in infants and toddlers. The risk ratio value is 2.33 (>1) and the CI value between 1.083
and 4.897 so that it does not exceed 1, meaning that the knowledge of mothers which is not really good is at risk of 2.33 times compared to mothers
who have good knowledge.
CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge is a risk factor for maternal attitudes about nutritional status in infants and toddlers but it is not statistically
signicant.
ASSESSMENT OF ATTITUDE, BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS REGARDING RESEARCH UTILIZATION AMONG NURSING STUDENTS
Authors: Rawat Deepti , Sheoran Poonam , Kaur Simarjeet , Sarin Jyoti
Published: February 2022

Background: Research utilization (RU) is crucial to prepare the next generation of registered nurses, since they are
expected to stay abreast of research, read and use existing research to improve their ability to solve problems, and make
decisions independently in clinical settings. The objective of the study was to assess attitude, barriers and facilitators regarding research
utilization among nursing students. Method: A descriptive study was conducted using total enumeration sampling technique to recruit 176
nursing students. Structured attitude scale and BARRIERS Scale were used for collecting the data by Self report technique. Reliability of
structured attitude scale and BARRIERS scale were tested by cronbach's alpha were found to be 0.71 and 0.89 respectively. Results: The
ndings of the study revealed that nearly two third (67%) of the nursing students were having moderately favourable attitude regarding research
utilization. The top three barriers identied by the nursing students were insufcient time to implement new ideas (67.6%), non- documented
need to change practice (65.9%) and inadequate facilities for implementation (62.5%). The top three facilitators identied were advancing
education to increase research knowledge base (32.95%), increasing the time availability for reviewing and implementing (18.18%) and
improving availability and accessibility of research reports and timely publication (15.90%). Conclusion: The study concluded that nursing
students were having moderately favourable attitude regarding research utilization. Therefore, nursing students should be encouraged and
supported to utilize research ndings in their practice settings by providing them sufcient time and knowledge to implement new ideas and
should be supported by administration.
STUDY OF CORRELATION OF ABO AND RH INCOMPATIBILITY WITH RISK OF NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Sonawane Vijay B. , Kotrashetti Veeranna , Bainade Kapil , Bhatarkar Shuchi
Published: February 2022

Background: Hyperbilirubinemia in a neonate is one of the most common problems that may occur in 60-70 % of term
and 80% of preterm babies. It is known to be associated with signicant morbidity like neonatal bilirubin encephalopathy
and even death. Clinically, and almost exclusively ABO incompatibility occurs in 'A' and 'B' blood group babies of O '+ve' mothers. These babies
are reported to be at high risk of severe hyperbilirubinemia. So early intervention, at proper time, is mandatory to prevent these sequelae
Methods: The aim is to determine the frequency of ABO and Rh blood group incompatibilities and associated incidence of hyperbilirubinemia
for the purpose of instituting intervention for better neonatal outcomes. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that includes 102 neonates born
to mother with O or Rh-negative blood group admitted in the post-natal ward for routine newborn care. Serum bilirubin was documented in icteric
neonates. Results: The incidence of ABO incompatibility in our study was 33.33% and of Rh incompatibility was 4.9%. In ABO and Rh
incompatibility group, 41.17% and 20% new born respectively developed clinical jaundice. In ABO incompatibility group, majority, 64.28% did
not require treatment, whereas in Rh incompatibility group 100% required treatment. In both ABO and Rh incompatibility exchange transfusion
was not required. In ABO and Rh incompatibility, all new-born treated well and no kernicterus was seen. Conclusions: In ABO incompatibility,
if jaundice develops, it remains in physiological limits. In presence of some aggravating conditions may present as pathological jaundice. It
results in signicant morbidity but no mortality, so prevention of aggravating factors is very important, in case of ABO and Rh incompatibility.
DOES HIGH ALTITUDE MEDDLE WITH THE APPENDIX TOOTHROMBOSIS OF APPENDICULAR ARTERY IN PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN HIGH ALTITUDE
Authors: Mohanty Zenith , Kukreja Yogesh , Vatsa Animesh , Mukherjee D , Chhabra Payal , Joshi Arjun
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: High altitude induced prothrombogenic state in the human body predisposes to many disease
process. Acute appendicitis in the setting of high altitude is also attributed partly to thrombosis of the appendicular artery
and its branches and maybe an independent factor contributing to the development of acute appendicitis. Studies on this aspect are non-existent
and requires more research.
AIM:To study the role of high altitude induced prothrombogenic state in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis in high altitude.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study on 172 cases of acute appendicitis who presented to our
peripheral hospital in the setting of the high altitude terrain of Laddakh between June 2019 to August 2021. Data collection was ostensibly done
using the operative ndings as endorsed in the case sheets looking specically for presence of thrombosis of the appendicular artery and its
branches on gross examination.
RESULTS: 247 cases of acute appendicitis who underwent emergency open appendectomy were examined of which 172 underwent open
appendectomy and 75 underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. Only the 172 cases undergoing open appendectomy were considered for the
study. The age group under study was 20 to 60 years with a median of 28 years. A signicant 43 cases (25%) were found to have a thrombotic
pathology with visible thrombosis of appendicular artery or its branches.
CONCLUSIONS: Exposure of high altitude to the individuals living there-in incites a prothrombogenic state in them leading to development of
acute appendicitis and the thrombosis of the appendicular artery and/or its branches, has a major contributory independent factor in the etiopathogenesis of acute appendicitis considering the low ow end arterial nature of the same.