bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CECILIA: Direct O, N, S, and Ar Abundances in Q2343-D40, a Galaxy at z ∼ 3
Authors: Rogers Noah S. J. , Strom Allison L. , Rudie Gwen C. , Trainor Ryan F. , Raptis Menelaos , von Raesfeld Caroline
Published: March 2024

Measurements of chemical abundances in high-z star-forming (SF) galaxies place important constraints on the enrichment histories of galaxies and the physical conditions in the early Universe. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is beginning to enable direct chemical abundance measurements in galaxies at z > 2 via the detection of the faint T

e
-sensitive auroral line [O iii] λ4364. However, abundances of other elements (e.g., S and Ar) in high-z galaxies remain unconstrained owing to a lack of T

e
data and wavelength coverage. Here we present multiple direct abundances in Q2343-D40, a galaxy at z = 2.9628 ± 0.0001 observed with JWST/NIRSpec as part of the CECILIA program. We report the first simultaneous measurement of T

e
[O iii] and T

e
[S iii] in a high-z galaxy, finding good agreement with the temperature trends in local SF systems. We measure a gas-phase metallicity of 12+log(O/H) = 8.07 ± 0.06, and the N/O abundance, log(N/O) = −1.37 ± 0.21, is indicative of primary nucleosynthesis. The S/O and Ar/O relative abundances, log(S/O) = −1.88 ± 0.10 and log(Ar/O) = −2.80 ± 0.12, are both >0.3 dex lower than the solar ratios. However, the relative Ar2+/S2+ abundance is consistent with the solar ratio, suggesting that the relative S-to-Ar abundance does not evolve significantly with redshift. Recent nucleosynthesis models find that significant amounts of S and Ar are produced in Type Ia supernovae, such that the S/O and Ar/O abundances in Q2343-D40 could be the result of predominantly core-collapse supernova enrichment. Future JWST observations of high-z galaxies will uncover whether S/O and Ar/O are sensitive to the timescales of these different enrichment mechanisms.
Neglect of Small Spots Remains an Explanation of the Difference Between SOON and RGO Spot Areas
Authors: Foukal Peter
Published: March 2024

I point out that the objection of Györi et al. to my finding that neglect of small spots could explain much of the puzzling difference between Royal Greenwich Observatory and Solar Optical Observation Network spot areas is not valid because their analysis was limited to only 1974–76, when activity was low. The 40%–50% difference occurs only at higher activity levels.
A Catalog of Compact Blue Strongly Lensed Sources in the Footprint of Ground-based Surveys
Authors: Napolitano Nicola R. , Dong Yue , Li Rui
Published: March 2024

We present a catalog of Compact Blue Strongly Lensed Sources in the footprint of ground-based surveys. We visually inspected the high-quality strong lensing candidates from the Kilo Degree Survey, the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program and the Dark Energy Survey. We have collected 63 multiple-imaged systems that are similar to the lensed post-blue nuggets found in Napolitano et al. and fully characterized in Li et al. Data, including gri cutouts, are made publicly available (https://cosviewer.com/en/special-objects#bluenuggets).
A Rare Diagnosis of Infiltrative Muscle Disease in a Patient With Multiple Joint Pain and Fever
Authors: Kim Chang Guk , Kim Yeo Ju , Paik Seungsam , Bae Sang-Cheol
Published: March 2024

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is characterized by excessive immune activation.1It involves the activation of lymphocytes and histiocytes that infiltrate various organs and release cytokines.1
What Is Allopurinol Failure and What Should We Do About It?
Authors: Stamp Lisa K. , Dalbeth Nicola
Published: March 2024

Allopurinol is the most widely used urate-lowering medication worldwide. However, allopurinol failure is frequently observed in clinical practice. In this review, we provide a framework for assessing allopurinol failure, which includes failure of allopurinol to control serum urate concentrations, failure of allopurinol to control clinical symptoms, and failure of allopurinol due to an adverse drug reaction. Understanding the causes of allopurinol failure underpins the approach required to turn failure into success in gout management.
L’alliance sacrée. Le réinvestissement de la tradition islamique parmi les immigrés et leurs enfants en cité
Authors: Esmili Hamza
Published: March 2024

Par l’appui sur une enquête ethnographique au long cours (2016-2019) à la cité des Bosquets de Clichy-sous-Bois et au quartier du Chemin-Bas d’Avignon à Nîmes, l’article propose un retour sur le réinvestissement de la tradition islamique parmi l’immigration postcoloniale et ouvrière – plus spécifiquement celle maghrébine. À l’encontre de la thèse de la rupture générationnelle, il vise à montrer que la réaffiliation à l’islam est tributaire d’une alliance sanctifiée religieusement entre les ouvriers immigrés – devenus les « anciens » de la communauté – et leurs enfants. Les uns ont ainsi œuvré à la construction des mosquées en cité, les autres investissent le « souci de soi » que fonde le redoublement des actes de l’adoration rituelle.
Kraków-Paris-Maghreb-Cracovie : circulations, images et usages d’une main. Une ego-histoire
Authors: Tartakowsky Ewa
Published: March 2024

Cette contribution est une ego-histoire, pensée à partir d’un objet qui accompagne l’autrice depuis une vingtaine d’années : un pendentif, représentant une main ouverte stylisée. Offert comme représentation de la main de Fatima, il revêt progressivement de nouvelles significations au fil de la trajectoire de sa propriétaire : d’un symbole musulman, il devient un objet juif – la hamsa  – lié aux judéités maghrébines, étudiées alors par l’autrice. Celle-ci, née dans le quartier juif de Cracovie, Kazimierz, y remarque à partir des années 2000 la présence de cette hamsa , au moment où « son » quartier connaît le début d’une revitalisation qui s’accompagne de la valorisation de la culture juive, d’abord ashkénaze, puis globalisée. L’inauthenticité de cette judéité décontextualisée se construit corrélativement à la gentrification du quartier. Le pendentif devient ainsi une allégorie à la fois des thèmes de prédilection de l’autrice – sur les Juifs maghrébins et les judéités polonaises – et de sa propre trajectoire, y compris en termes d’appropriation de son appartenance juive.
The Task Content of Occupations
Authors: Bittarello Luca , Kramarz Francis , Maitre Alexis
Published: March 2024

Cet article évalue l’impact d’une croissance de l’offre de travail qualifié sur l’allocation des travailleurs aux tâches, au sein et entre les professions. Guidé par un cadre théorique simple, nous exploitons des informations détaillées sur les tâches exercées par les travailleurs, mesurées dans les enquêtes afin d’évaluer l’impact d’un doublement de la part des diplômés du supérieur entre 1991 et 2013. Notre stratégie d’identification s’appuie sur la variation de l’évolution de cette part de diplômés entre les marchés locaux du travail. Nos résultats démontrent qu’une hausse du niveau de diplôme cause plus de tâches dites de routine, moins de tâches dites cognitives et moins de tâches dites sociales au sein des professions mais moins de tâches routinières, plus de tâches cognitives et sociales entre professions .
La mesure de l’incertitude radicale en économie : un roman du hasard ?
Authors: Walter Christian
Published: March 2024

L’incertitude radicale semble omniprésente et pose des problèmes particuliers à la prise de décision. Face à l’incertitude radicale, on peut être tenté par une position sceptique qui rejette toute idée de modélisation et de mesure. Ou encore répondre que l’usage de narrations exploratoires est certes utile, mais sans modèles probabilistes. Cependant ces récits, pour utiles qu’ils soient, ne peuvent pas fournir de prévisions en régime d’incertitude radicale. Nous présentons une classe de modèles qui permet de réunir l’usage des narrations pour la prise en compte de l’incertitude radicale et la modélisation probabiliste pour le contrôle des risques, les modèles appelés HPE. Nous décrivons les caractéristiques contrefactuelles et modales de ces modèles et suggérons que les modèles HPE s’apparentent à ce que la littérature appelle les romans du hasard.
Prédire à la fois les Trente Glorieuses et une stagnation économique après 2000, Jean Fourastié 1949
Authors: Le Bris David , Gray Elie
Published: March 2024

Économiste et acteur public novateur, Jean Fourastié a introduit en 1949 une théorie prédisant la forte croissance économique des Trente Glorieuses, la chute ultérieure de l’industrie manufacturière et la montée des services, ainsi qu’une stagnation séculaire au tournant du millénaire. Sa théorie inspira à Baumol sa fameuse loi sur la maladie des coûts (Baumol’s cost disease) et reste pertinente pour analyser les évolutions économiques contemporaines.
Le recours au travail indépendant en début de carrière
Authors: Havet Nathalie , Joutard Xavier , Penot Alexis , Bayart Caroline
Published: March 2024

Le pourcentage de jeunes ayant eu au moins un épisode de travail indépendant au cours des sept premières années post -scolarité a doublé en 12 ans. Un recours plus tardif au travail indépendant dans les trajectoires professionnelles des jeunes est néanmoins observé, mais au profit d’une plus grande pérennité de leur première activité entrepreneuriale. Ces évolutions peuvent être attribuées à des changements de structure de la population des sortants du système éducatif (niveau d’études, PCS des parents, autonomie résidentielle, etc.) et à des modifications du comportement des jeunes.
Queer vulnerability and disaster situations
Authors: Atkin Seth , Higgins Kieran , Kilpatrick Claire , Dahl Stephan
Published: March 2024

The appropriateness of branding certain disaster events as a natural disaster continues to be academically debated, given that few disasters are solely the result of uncontrollable forces of nature, and are instead anthropogenic in their creation, or exacerbated by the relationship humans have with actual and potential hazards. Therefore, this socially constructed nature of disasters also makes groups that are marginalized within society, such as queer people, more vulnerable to these disasters. Utilizing a Bourdieusian framework, the field of disaster preparedness, management, and recovery is examined for queer vulnerability, which is deconstructed here as a product of global and local cultures, in their distribution of economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital away from queer people. The concepts of habitus and subsidiary concepts of ethos and doxa are deployed to understand the ingrained ways of doing and being that perpetuate discrimination against queer individuals through said inequitable distributions of capital. It is argued that the field is privileged for heteronormative lives, thus leading to heteronormative assumptions and actions that further marginalize queer experiences before, during, and after disasters during disasters. In light of this, we call for a more social justice informed approach to disaster risk reduction and relief, in which heteronormativity is consciously decentered to ensure all groups are kept safe from disasters, which can arguably never be natural.
Conceptual analogy between mass density and probability density – An almost non-technical note
Authors: Bokor László
Published: March 2024

I show how multivariate integration over a physical object serves as a handy tool for a gentle introduction to multivariate probability theory with continuous variables. This exercise helps to visualise and thus link concepts that at first sight seem distant or even unrelated. The concepts and methods presented are digestible for advanced high school classes and above.
Attributes: Selective Learning and Influence
Authors: Bardhi Arjada
Published: March 2024

An agent selectively samples attributes of a complex project so as to influence the decision of a principal. The players disagree about the weighting, or relevance, of attributes. The correlation across attributes is modeled through a Gaussian process, the covariance function of which captures pairwise attribute similarity. The key trade‐off in sampling is between the alignment of the players' posterior values for the project and the variability of the principal's decision. Under a natural property of the attribute correlation—the
nearest‐attribute property (NAP)—each optimal attribute is relevant for some player and at most two optimal attributes are relevant for only one player. We derive comparative statics in the strength of attribute correlation and examine the robustness of our findings to violations of NAP for a tractable class of distance‐based covariances. The findings carry testable implications for attribute‐based product evaluation and strategic selection of pilot sites.
Bootstrap Inference for Fixed‐Effect Models
Authors: Higgins Ayden , Jochmans Koen
Published: March 2024

The maximum‐likelihood estimator of nonlinear panel data models with fixed effects is asymptotically biased under rectangular‐array asymptotics. The literature has devoted substantial effort to devising methods that correct for this bias as a means to salvage standard inferential procedures. The chief purpose of this paper is to show that the (recursive, parametric) bootstrap replicates the asymptotic distribution of the (uncorrected) maximum‐likelihood estimator and of the likelihood‐ratio statistic. This justifies the use of confidence sets and decision rules for hypothesis testing constructed via conventional bootstrap methods. No modification for the presence of bias needs to be made.
Quality attributes of oil extracted from hazelnuts treated with gaseous ozone
Authors: Demirci A.S. , Tirpanci Sivri G. , Tunc M.
Published: March 2024

In this study, the impact of ozonation on hazelnut oil quality was investigated. Hazelnuts were exposed to gaseous ozone at different concentrations (3.3 and 10 mg·L−1) and exposure times (30, 60, and 120 min). The fatty acid value and composition remained unchanged. β-sitosterol, campesterol, and ∆5-avenasterol contents were unaffected. With increasing ozone levels and exposure times, there was a slight rise in peroxide value and γ-tocopherol, and a decrease in α-tocopherol. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were lower in oil extracted from hazelnuts which had been ozonated for more than 60 min at both doses, compared to the control. Overall, the quality and composition of hazelnut oil remained stable with ozone treatments, depending on the treatment conditions.
Classification Model Using Transfer Learning for the Detection of Pneumonia in Chest X-Ray Images
Authors: Maquen-Niño Gisella Luisa Elena , Nuñez-Fernandez Jhojan Genaro , Taquila-Calderon Fany Yesica , Adrianzén-Olano Ivan , De-La-Cruz-VdV Percy , Carrión-Barco Gilberto
Published: March 2024

In the current global context, there has been a significant increase in respiratory system diseases, particularly pneumonia. This disease has a higher incidence of mortality in children under five years old and adults over 60 years old because it leads to complications if not treated in time. This research leverages convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to classify images, specifically to detect the presence of pneumonia. The data processing methodology utilized in this study is CRISP-DM. The dataset consists of 5,856 images of anteroposterior chest X-rays downloaded from the open repository “Kaggle,” divided into 5,216 images for training, 16 for validation, and 624 for testing. Preprocessing involved image augmentation through modifications to the original images, scaling, and batch division in tensor format. A comparative analysis was conducted among the transfer models: DenseNet, VGG19, and ResNet50 version 2. Each transfer model was the header of a CNN with four subsequent layers. The models underwent training, validation, and testing phases. The test’s results showed that DenseNet achieved an accuracy of 0.87, VGG19 achieved 0.86, and ResNet50 achieved 0.91. These results affirm the effectiveness of ResNet50 in image classification, considering that the model’s output is binary, where 0 represents that the patient does not have pneumonia and 1 indicates that the patient has pneumonia.
Generative AI as Virtual Healthcare Assistant for Enhancing Patient Care Quality
Authors: Samala Agariadne Dwinggo , Rawas Soha
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the potential of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT) as a virtual healthcare assistant to enhance the quality of patient care. Inadequate patient care within healthcare systems is a key issue that has resulted in lower satisfaction and medical errors. Virtual healthcare assistants, exemplified by ChatGPT, have emerged as a promising solution to mitigate these challenges. A comprehensive literature review compares the benefits and drawbacks of using virtual healthcare assistants with those of human healthcare providers to assess their effectiveness in enhancing patient care. The article discusses the ChatGPT development process, including the data sources used, training and validation, and the integration of this technology into healthcare systems. The results of testing ChatGPT in patient care, including patient feedback, are provided. The study interprets these findings and indicates that ChatGPT can significantly enhance patient care. The implications of implementing virtual healthcare assistants in the healthcare sector are also explored, along with potential future research areas for enhancing ChatGPT. This study provides important new insights into how virtual healthcare assistants might enhance patient care and offers recommendations for healthcare organizations and legislators on leveraging ChatGPT. It shows that the astonishing development in patient care, known as ChatGPT, has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry.
Detection of Breast Cancer through the Analysis of Radiographic Images Using Machine Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jimenez Ayala Kristell Yukie
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is an illness that affects many women and can cause even death; this is a case of not being detected on time, which could be due to a human error during the analysis of radiographic images or not going on time in a health center. For this, using machine learning (ML) to analyze radiographic images is proposed as a support tool for radiologists aiming to reduce false diagnostic rates. While researching information, it was detected that this technology has many benefits in the health area; however, it also has limitations or disadvantages. The importance of this paper is to demonstrate that there are not enough clinical tests nor details about the methodologies that were used; there should be more to assert that ML is defined at the moment of making a diagnosis, which generates no conclusive results regarding effectiveness and therefore creates mistrust in doctors, and some people might rather use deep learning (DL) for its application in the detection of breast cancer because DL has more practical tests and fewer limitations than machine learning.
Remote Heart Rate Monitoring Device Using the Internet of Things
Authors: Iparraguirre-Villanueva Orlando , Surcco-Jacinto Enrique , Balvin-Chávez Melanie
Published: March 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to develop a mobile application utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor patients’ heart rate. The study employed a quantitative approach and a pre-experimental design. The experiment was conducted according to the research plan and involved 20 patients. The Scrum methodology was used for the development of the mobile application. The results reveal a significant improvement in patient and family satisfaction after using the IoT-enabled mobile application. In addition, the average measurement time has decreased to 6.025 minutes, which represents a significant difference compared to the traditional method. The number of measurements has increased from seven to 14 per week, averaging two regular daily measurements. The measurement device has alleviated the concerns of family members who are taking care of loved ones with cardiovascular disease. This tool gives users greater peace of mind, enabling them to take accurate and reliable measurements 24/7.
Proposed Approach for Object Detection and Recognition by Deep Learning Models Using Data Augmentation
Authors: M. Abdulkareem Ismael , K. AL-Shammri Faris , A. Khalid Noor Aldeen , A. Omran Natiq
Published: March 2024

Object detection and recognition play a crucial role in computer vision applications, ranging from security systems to autonomous vehicles. Deep learning algorithms have shown remarkable performance in these tasks, but they often require large, annotated datasets for training. However, collecting such datasets can be time-consuming and costly. Data augmentation techniques provide a solution to this problem by artificially expanding the training dataset. In this study, we propose a deep learning approach for object detection and recognition that leverages data augmentation techniques. We use deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as the underlying architecture, specifically focusing on popular models such as You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3). By augmenting the training data with various transformations, such as rotation, scaling, and flipping, we can effectively increase the diversity and size of the dataset. Our approach not only improves the robustness and generalization of the models but also reduces the risk of overfitting. By training on augmented data, the models can learn to recognize objects from different viewpoints, scales, and orientations, leading to improved accuracy and performance. We conduct extensive experiments on benchmark datasets and evaluate the performance of our approach using standard metrics such as precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP). The experimental results demonstrate that our data augmentation-based deep learning approach achieves superior object detection and recognition accuracy compared to traditional training methods without data augmentation. We compare the average accuracy of the YOLOv3-SPP model with two other variants of the YOLOv3 algorithm: one with a feature extraction network consisting of 53 convolutional layers and the other with 13 convolutional layers. The average accuracy of the proposed model (YOLOv3-SPP) is reported as accuracy of 97%, F1-score of 96%, precision of 94%, and average Intersection over Union (IoU) of 78.04%.
Improving the perfomance of commercial mapping on the web : proposals for the web site of the French Forest Authority
Authors: Godard Vincent
Published: March 2024

In 1999 the Internet was used for the first time as a marketing medium by the ONF (France’s National Forest Office) to sell timber from state- and locally-owned forests. Using a search engine, this site enables visitors to locate items corresponding to their requests (species, available volume,...). The only map proposed by the ONF is a document indicating roughly the felling location. It seemed appropriate to suggest the addition of an atlas allowing sellers to increase the visibility of the products on sale and visitors to rationalize their purchases. Is the result more efficient? A questionnaire is provided for Cybergeo readers.Keywords: geomatics, Internet, wood sale, applied cartography, ONF
Terminologia e conceitos da linguística cognitiva aplicados à proposição de termos na automação industrial
Authors: Queiroz Gustavo Pinheiro , Nadin Odair Luiz
Published: March 2024

Estabelecer equivalentes terminológicos entre idiomas é um desafio cada vez mais presente nos tempos da 4ª revolução industrial. Schwab (2016) aponta que em nossas sociedades ‘superconectadas’ estamos passando por uma revolução tecnológica de impacto substancial nos meios de produção, prestação de serviços e relações sociais. Inserido no contexto das revoluções tecnológicas, este trabalho consiste na análise de quatro termos referentes ao maquinário utilizado na mecanização de plantio e manejo, de modo a propor equivalentes que possam atender às necessidades de compreensão de conceitos por técnicos brasileiros responsáveis pela operação e manutenção de equipamentos relacionados ao universo da Automação. Tal maquinário compõe um sistema pioneiro no Brasil e foi desenvolvido para mecanizar o plantio e o manejo de mudas de eucalipto visando aumentar as reservas florestais e a produção de celulose da empresa que implantou o sistema em seu parque industrial. A tecnologia, de origem holandesa, foi instalada por técnicos do país de origem em conjunto com profissionais brasileiros, e teve o pesquisador como intérprete no par de língua inglês-português, durante o processo de implantação do sistema. Os termos pesquisados foram prospectados a partir do manual eletromecânico elaborado pelo fabricante dos equipamentos. Por tratar-se de um maquinário inovador, não se encontrou material traduzido para o português do Brasil que descrevesse os equipamentos. Assim, a proposição de equivalentes para termos que referenciam máquinas e processos de montagem se fez necessária para promover a compreensão de conceitos referentes à nova tecnologia. As unidades terminológicas selecionadas para este estudo foram: roller pipe, lifting frame, automatic container stop e drive beam. A análise e proposição dos equivalentes foram realizadas observando-se os princípios da Teoria Sociocognitiva da Terminologia (Temmerman, 2000) e sob a luz dos aportes teóricos da Linguística Cognitiva de Lakoff (1987), Lakoff & Jhonson (1980), Langacker (2000), Talmy (2000), Fillmore (1985) e Fauconnier (1994).
O(s) lugar(es) da diacronia na Terminologia: de onde partir para realizar um estudo terminológico-diacrônico hoje?
Authors: Curti-Contessoto Beatriz
Published: March 2024

Este artigo traz reflexões teóricas acerca das diferentes visões de ‘diacronia’ no âmbito de cinco escolas terminológicas, tendo como base as concepções de ‘termo’, ‘conceito’ e ‘variação’ adotadas por cada uma delas em seu arcabouço teórico. Como cada uma das vertentes terminológicas considera a diacronia a partir de um lugar de fala particular, mostramos que, consequentemente, esta ocupa diferentes lugares em Terminologia. Em meio a essas abordagens, existe também a Terminologia Diacrônica (TD) que, embora não seja uma teoria per se – e, por esse motivo, vem associada a uma dessas escolas (ou mais) a depender dos objetivos de cada trabalho terminológico – tem figurado em diversas investigações na área como um campo de estudos à parte dos demais (Picton, Condamines, & Humbert-Droz, 2021). Dado o interesse relativamente recente dedicado à TD e à diversidade temática das pesquisas realizadas à luz dessa vertente (Humbley, 2011), há diferentes linhas investigativas associadas a ela. Propomos, então, esquemas que organizam essas abordagens, que foram encontradas em pesquisas desenvolvidas até o momento (Curti-Contessoto, 2022), e algumas especificidades atribuídas à ‘diacronia’. A discussão que aqui tecemos é importante, sobretudo porque faltam contribuições teóricas ainda hoje em dia, especialmente no sentido de sistematizar as diferentes abordagens diacrônicas que existem em Terminologia – algo que se configura como um dos obstáculos que mais necessitam de atenção (Picton, 2018). Este artigo tem o intuito, portanto, de contribuir nesse sentido, trazendo reflexões sobre o tema em português brasileiro já que, no Brasil, há uma lacuna sobretudo teórica com relação à TD, bem como caminhos possíveis de pesquisa na área e perspectivas futuras.
Metáforas linguísticas culturais da terminologia do petróleo: o caso de Angola, Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Silveira Theciana Silva
Published: March 2024

A metáfora vista enquanto recurso cognitivo da língua é entendida como um mecanismo fundamental para a compreensão das diversas experiências humanas e está presente no cotidiano. Assim, a metáfora, como estratégia produtiva de nomeação, torna-se relevante também para análise do objeto dos estudos terminológicos descritivos de base linguística. Considerando essa realidade, o presente texto busca analisar e descrever metáforas linguísticas culturais no universo do petróleo, no espaço da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP), especialmente nos países: Angola, Brasil e Portugal. Tomam-se como base teórica, a Teoria da Metáfora Conceitual (TMC), de Lakoff e Johnson (1980), e as metáforas culturais, de Kövecses (2000, 2005, 2007, 2010). Com relação aos aspectos metodológicos, considerou-se como fonte de dados a única obra terminográfica em língua portuguesa sobre o petróleo, abrangendo as três variedades do português dos países supracitados. O dicionário em questão, a que se denominou corpus lexicográfico, é monolíngue com equivalências em inglês. Por tratar-se de uma obra impressa, precisou ser digitalizada e tratada computacionalmente, para que fosse possível a manipulação de um volume tão grande de dados. Com relação às análises, foram apresentados seis conjuntos que põem em contraste as três variedades do português investigadas neste trabalho. Por meio das análises, foi possível observar que, ao nomear uma determinada entidade, evidenciam-se traços conceituais que muitas vezes diferem quando relacionados às diferentes variedades do português, isso porque, embora se trate da mesma língua, há sempre diversidade na conceptualização da realidade.
Variação terminológica em processos e elementos de análise mórfica
Authors: Bernardo Jozimar Luciovanio , Rezende Rayne Mesquita de
Published: March 2024

Este estudo aborda a variação terminológica no âmbito da Morfologia do português, nomeadamente de termos empregados na análise mórfica. No encalço desse objetivo, pontuamos os principais aspectos conceptuais que consolidaram a Terminologia como uma das disciplinas dedicadas ao estudo do léxico. O corpus do qual extraímos os dados é composto por um conjunto de obras sobre estudos morfológicos da língua portuguesa, a saber: Câmara Jr. (1988), Kehdi (1990), Laroca (2003), Monteiro (2002) e Rosa (2011). Após apresentação de conceitos-chave da Terminologia e da contextualização de aspectos históricos e conceituais relacionados à Morfologia, cotejamos e analisamos, sob a perspectiva da Teoria Comunicativa da Terminologia (TCT), os termos a) ‘alomorfe’; b) ‘substituição’ e ‘comutação’; c) ‘vocábulo’ e ‘palavra’ e d) ‘radical’ e ‘raiz’. Dessa forma, constatamos ocorrências de não variação, de sinonímia terminológica, ou variação denominativa, e de variantes formais que poderíamos designar de ‘quase sinônimas’, pois, não obstante haja equivalências em certos contextos, apresentam traços semânticos distintivos e estão condicionadas a critérios discutíveis e não generalizantes. As interferências externas, por sua vez, foram de natureza dialetal, discursiva, interlinguística e cognitiva. No que diz respeito ao tipo funcional, não se identificaram diferenças entre tipos de registros e graus de especialidade, haja vista que as obras pesquisadas são de caráter introdutório.
Development of an Optimized Energy System for Powering Base Transceiver Stations in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Okayim Paul Erungworo , Idajor Julius Achirigbor , Usman Joseph , Echem Obinna Chidiebere , Nnamani Nkechiyere
Published: March 2024

Energy system plays an important role in the transition towards a sustainable urban life. Enhancing the quality of a livable environment through drastic reduction of pollutant emissions from fossil-fuelled generators can be achieved via the utilization of renewable energy sources. Hybrid renewable energy technologies can reliably meet the energy demands of base transceiver stations (BTS) located in off-grid rural villages. This paper aims to optimize and assess the performance of a hybrid energy system to meet the electrical load requirements of a BTS located in in Calabar, Nigeria using an off-grid hybrid system. Optimizing the control, sizing, and components of such a system aims to provide cost-effective power to these communities. The key objectives are minimizing cost of energy, total net present cost, CO2 emissions and unmet load using HOMER software. The results from the four different energy configurations were evaluated to determine the most optimized combination for the region. From the results obtained, there was a considerable variation in the optimum system configuration based on the different potential renewable energy resources. The result shows that the PV/wind/hydro/battery had a levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) as $2.40; PV/hydro/battery had $2.05; PV/wind/battery had $1.64; hydro/battery had $2.05; PV/battery had $1.38 & wind/battery had $5.44. However, due to the low wind and solar penetration in Ogoja, Nigeria, more storage systems were required for configurations without hydro component and large-scale hybrid energy systems with higher LCOE. The configuration system that showed moderate hybrid system sizes with LCOE of $1.38 was the PV/battery system with 0% energy unmet.
Regulating Green and Low-Carbon Hydrogen in Africa: A Case Study of South Africa
Authors: Pinto Jaqueline , Chege Kennedy
Published: March 2024

The production of the most abundant chemical element in the atmosphere, hydrogen, particularly green hydrogen (i.e. hydrogen in its cleanest and most sustainable form), is quickly becoming a priority for nations worldwide. This interest is mainly attributed to, among other factors, its potential to serve as a cornerstone of the global energy transition to low-carbon economies. Green hydrogen possesses the potential to decarbonize the so-called “hard-to-abate,” sectors i.e., energy-intensive sectors, such as heavy industries, iron and steel production, and transportation - including aviation and shipping, among other economic sectors.The growing focus on the adoption of green hydrogen as a viable decarbonization pathway must be viewed against the backdrop of global commitments and international imperatives to address the adverse effects of climate change. Such commitments emanate from instruments such as the Paris Agreement of 2015 and obligations towards meeting the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Further, the “Just Energy Transition" journey towards decarbonization must also be contextualized within different jurisdictions, in line with their situations and context-specific goals, geographic locations, and policy frameworks.Much like other nations worldwide, the South African regulatory framework for hydrogen is still emerging, as it is presently dominated by soft law instruments such as roadmaps, strategies and guiding documents, as opposed to binding and enforceable hard law instruments. For example, the South African Hydrogen Society Roadmap of 2022, the Integrated Resource Plan, the Integrated Energy Plan, and the Renewable Energy Policy, among other significant policy documents, highlight the fundamental role that green hydrogen would play in South Africa’s energy transition. Whilst other legal and policy documents may apply to the hydrogen value chain, such as the various safety requirements in the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1996, there is a lacuna of hydrogen-specific hard law regulation, including, importantly, regulations regarding certification (which will need to be aligned internationally).In light of the above, this paper discusses the potential of green hydrogen in the context of South Africa and explores the current position in the country. It further canvasses emerging developments within the hydrogen space. This analysis aims to identify gaps or lacunas in the law, risks, and challenges for South Africa’s hydrogen economy. The article proceeds to provide recommendations for a policy and regulatory regime for hydrogen in Southern Africa. It draws on examples from countries and regions such as the European Union (EU), which are further along in terms of regulating hydrogen, but contextualizing this discussion within the African, and specifically Southern African context. This budding industry provides an opportunity to learn from past energy mistakes and create an appropriate regulatory and policy framework that works and benefits Africa.
Hydrogen in Africa: Navigating the Continent’s Unique Energy Transition Landscape and Unsustainable Energy Supply Backbone
Authors: Saleh Maryam Tijjani
Published: March 2024

Africa's energy dynamics are marked by a blend of rapid urbanization, burgeoning populations, and growing industrialization, all against the backdrop of limited and often unreliable conventional energy infrastructure. This complex scenario prompts an exploration of the viability of hydrogen as a transformative energy solution. The continent's diverse renewable resources, from abundant solar and wind potential to hydropower capabilities, provide fertile ground for hydrogen production. However, Africa's energy transition journey is further complicated by the challenge of retrofitting or establishing sustainable energy systems in regions heavily reliant on fossil fuels. The tension between these established energy supply backbones and the imperatives of reducing carbon emissions necessitates innovative solutions. Hydrogen, with its potential for clean energy storage, emissions-free power generation, and industrial applications, offers a promising bridge between the need for modern energy access and environmental stewardship Drawing from case studies, the study delves the technological feasibility of harnessing hydrogen, considering existing energy infrastructure and emerging renewable technologies, the infrastructural challenges and opportunities presented by establishing hydrogen supply chains across diverse African regions. In conclusion, this paper underscores the significance of hydrogen as a pivotal pillar of Africa's sustainable energy future. This study aims to support policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders in navigating the path towards a hydrogen-powered Africa.
Transient Binding Dynamics of Complement System Pattern Recognition Molecules on Pathogens
Authors: Götz Maximilian Peter , Duque Villegas Mario Alejandro , Fageräng Beatrice , Kerfin Aileen , Skjoedt Mikkel-Ole , Garred Peter , Rosbjerg Anne
Published: March 2024

Previous studies of pattern recognition molecules (PRMs) of the complement system have revealed difficulties in observing binding on pathogens such as Aspergillus fumigatus and Escherichia coli, despite complement deposition indicative of classical and lectin pathway activation. Thus, we investigated the binding dynamics of PRMs of the complement system, specifically C1q of the classical pathway and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) of the lectin pathway. We observed consistently increasing deposition of essential complement components such as C4b, C3b, and the terminal complement complex on A. fumigatus and E. coli. However, C1q and MBL binding to the surface rapidly declined during incubation after just 2–4 min in 10% plasma. The detachment of C1q and MBL can be linked to complement cascade activation, as the PRMs remain bound in the absence of plasma. The dissociation and the fate of C1q and MBL seem to have different mechanistic functions. Notably, C1q dynamics were associated with local C1 complex activation. When C1s was inhibited in plasma, C1q binding not only remained high but further increased over time. In contrast, MBL binding was inversely correlated with total and early complement activation due to MBL binding being partially retained by complement inhibition. Results indicate that detached MBL might be able to functionally rebind to A. fumigatus. In conclusion, these results reveal a (to our knowledge) novel “hit-and-run” complement-dependent PRM dynamic mechanism on pathogens. These dynamics may have profound implications for host defense and may help increase the functionality and longevity of complement-dependent PRMs in circulation.
Assessing the effectiveness and safety of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy utilizing a flexible bronchoscope with an endobronchial blocker in diffuse parenchymal lung lesions
Authors: Sharma Deepak , V Vinay , Saini Jitendra Kumar , Sethi Prabhpreet , Kumar Lokender , Dubey Praveen Kumar
Published: March 2024

Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) with flexible bronchoscope represents an encouraging modality to obtain a larger size specimen without crush artifact, and a higher diagnostic yield in patients with diffuse parenchymal lung lesions/diseases as compared to conventional transbronchial lung biopsy, and fewer complications as opposed to surgical lung biopsy. Artificial airway is preferred as it provides better airway protection in cases of severe bleeding. Although various researchers have published data on different modalities, the data is not sufficient to standardize a single technique. This study describes the procedural technique, safety, and yield of TBLC using a flexible bronchoscope with an endobronchial blocker. We performed a retrospective analysis of 100 consecutive patients who underwent TBLC using flexible bronchoscopy from May 2018 to June 2022. TBLC samples were obtained under moderate sedation without the use of artificial airway or fluoroscopy. Among the 100 patients, the majority were male (63%). The mean age of the enrolled patients was 44.43±15.92 years. The predominant diagnoses in our study were hypersensitivity pneumonitis (27%), followed by sarcoidosis (12%) and tuberculosis (10%). We obtained alveolated lung tissue in 90 out of 100 cases with a median biopsy size of 5 mm (in greatest dimension, interquartile range 5-4 mm), resulting in a specific histopathological diagnosis in 82 cases. The most frequent complications were bleeding and pneumothorax (13%). Mild bleeding occurred in 58% of the patients, and moderate bleeding occurred in 20% of the patients. There was no episode of severe/life-threatening bleeding. None of the patients required intensive care unit admission or endotracheal intubation. In conclusion, the use of TBLC through flexible bronchoscopy with an endobronchial blocker emerges as a minimally invasive, secure, time-efficient, and readily reproducible technique. Significantly, this procedure can be seamlessly executed in the bronchoscopy suite, eliminating the requirement for an artificial airway or general anesthesia.
Clinicopathological Study of Xeroderma Pigmentosa: A Series of Eight Cases
Authors: Roy Kakali , Raju Sahana P. , Dhar Subhra , Dhar Sandipan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Xeroderma pigmentosa (XP) is a rare inherited (autosomal recessive) disease, resulting from impairment in DNA repair that involves recognition and repair of ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced DNA damage in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. This results in increased photosensitivity, UVR-induced damage to skin and eye, increased susceptibility to cutaneous and ocular cancers, and progressive neurodegeneration in some patients.

Aims and Objective:

The objective of the study was to describe the clinicopathological spectrum of eight cases of XP.

Materials and Methods:

An ambispective case series was conducted in a pediatric tertiary care hospital in eastern India during a 10-year period from 2013 to 2022.

Results:

All the children of our cohort were born of consanguineous marriage. The mean age of presentation was 1.2 years (range: 7 months–3 years), whereas three children presented during their infancy. The male-to-female ratio was 5:3. The most common findings were cutaneous (100%), followed by ophthalmic (75%) and/or neurological symptoms (25%). Patients had normal skin at birth but soon developed extreme photosensitivity followed by abnormal skin pigmentation and subsequently progressive xerosis, atrophy, wrinkling, and poikiloderma over time. Six patients had varied degrees of ocular involvement, whereas three of them had severe manifestations including madarosis, tylosis, ectropion, lagophthalmos, phthisis bulbi, clouding and scarring of the cornea with complete or partial loss of vision, and ophthalmic malignancies. Fifty percent (n = 4) of cases had cutaneous and ocular premalignant (actinic keratosis) and malignant lesions including melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in their early childhood. One patient had simultaneous occurrence of multiple malignancies together (SCC, BCC, and melanoma). Neurological abnormalities (subnormal intelligence) were found in two cases. There was no evidence of sensory neural hearing loss, microcephaly, neuroregression, or neurodeficits.

Conclusion:

Although XP is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, early diagnosis followed by persistent vigorous photoprotection and regular screening for early detection of malignancies along with psychological support can drastically improve patients’ quality of life and life expectancy. Besides genetic counseling, further research is required on formulating optimal management of XP, specifically the role and possibilities of gene therapy in XP.
Topical Therapies of Pyogenic Granuloma in Children: A Systematic Review of Case Reports, Case Series, and Cohort Studies
Authors: Preclaro Ivan Arni C. , Jamisola Lian C. , Yang Chin-Yi
Published: March 2024

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular tumor removed surgically or by physical modalities, such as electrocautery and cryotherapy. Other treatment options may be warranted, especially in children, using nonsurgical approach. The study aims to determine the effectiveness and safety of topical treatments on PG in children in the clearance of lesions. Systematic literature search were done in February 2023 in the following database: PubMed, HERDIN, Cochrane Library, Hindawi, Directory of Open Access Journals, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search included studies involving PG treated with topical medications in the pediatric age group. Twenty-five studies (9 cohort studies, 6 case series, and 10 case reports) were included and utilized the following medications: timolol, propranolol, corticosteroids, common table salt, imiquimod, and ingenol mebutate. Among the medications, timolol was the most reported drug to provide partial to complete resolution in 62 out of 149 patients. All the reviewed topical medications provided partial to complete resolution with minimal adverse effects. Among them, topical timolol, propranolol, and table salt have demonstrated high response rates. Topical therapy in children with PG may be considered as a nonsurgical option. However, further clinical trials are warranted to determine its effectiveness.