bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Manufacturing Process and Mechanical Properties of CoCrFeMnNi High-Entropy Alloys via Metal Injection Molding and Hot Isostatic Pressing
Authors: Kim Eun Seong , Park Jae Man , Lee Do Won , Ha Hyojeong , Choe Jungho , Wang Jaemin , Park Seong Jin , Lee Byeong-Joo , Kim Hyoung Seop
Published: June 2024

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have been reported to have better properties than conventional materials; however, they are more expensive due to the high cost of their main components. Therefore, research is needed to reduce manufacturing costs. In this study, CoCrFeMnNi HEAs were prepared using metal injection molding (MIM), which is a powder metallurgy process that involves less material waste than machining process. Although the MIM-processed samples were in the face-centered cubic (FCC) phase, porosity remained after sintering at 1200°C, 1250°C, and 1275°C. In this study, the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process, which considers both temperature (1150°C) and pressure (150 MPa), was adopted to improve the quality of the MIM samples. Although the hardness of the HIP-treated samples decreased slightly and the Mn composition was significantly reduced, the process effectively eliminated many pores that remained after the 1275°C MIM process. The HIP process can improve the quality of the alloy.
Quantum van Est isomorphism
Authors: Kaygun Atabey , Sütlü Serkan
Published: June 2024

Motivated by the fact that the Hopf-cyclic (co)homologies of function algebras over Lie groups and universal enveloping algebras over Lie algebras capture the Lie group and Lie algebra (co)homologies, we hereby upgrade the classical van Est isomorphism to ones between the Hopf-cyclic (co)homologies of quantized algebras of functions and quantized universal enveloping algebras, both in

h

-adic and

q

-deformation frameworks.
Correlation between postoperative chemotherapy regimen and survival in patients with resectable gastric adenocarcinoma accompanied with vascular cancer thrombus
Authors: Yang Ze-Feng , Dong Zhuan-Xia , Dai Chen-Jie , Fu Li-Zheng , Yu Hong-Mei , Wang Yu-Sheng
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Patients with resectable gastric adenocarcinoma accompanied by vascular cancer thrombus (RGAVCT) have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate ranging from 18.42%-53.57%. These patients need a reasonable postoperative treatment plan to improve their prognosis.

AIM

To determine the most effective postoperative chemotherapy regimen for patients with RGAVCT.

METHODS

We retrospectively collected the clinicopathological data of 530 patients who underwent radical resection for gastric cancer between January 2017 and January 2022 and who were pathologically diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma with a choroidal cancer embolus. Furthermore, we identified the high-risk variables that can influence the prognosis of patients with RGAVCT by assessing the clinical and pathological features of the patients who met the inclusion criteria. We also assessed the significance of survival outcomes using Mantel-Cox univariate and multivariate analyses. The subgroups of patients with stages I, II, and III disease who received single-, dual-, or triple-drug regimens following surgery were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and the ggplot2 package in R 4.3.0.

RESULTS

In all, 530 eligible individuals with RGAVCT were enrolled in this study. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with RGAVCT was 24 months, and the survival rates were 80.2%, 62.5%, and 42.3% at 12, 24, and 59 months, respectively. Preoperative complications, tumor size, T stage, and postoperative chemotherapy were identified as independent factors that influenced OS in patients with RGAVCT according to the Cox multivariate analysis model. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that chemotherapy had no effect on OS of patients with stage I or II RGAVCT; however, chemotherapy did have an effect on OS of stage III patients. Stage III patients who were treated with chemotherapy consisting of dual- or triple-agent regimens had better survival than those treated with single-agent regimens, and no significant difference was observed in the survival of patients treated with chemotherapy consisting of dual- or triple-agent regimens.

CONCLUSION

For patients with stage III RGAVCT, a dual-agent regimen of postoperative chemotherapy should be recommended rather than a triple-agent treatment, as the latter is associated with increased frequency of adverse events.
Observation of therapeutic effect of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze on alleviating intestinal colic in patients
Authors: Cen Bi-Zhi , Chen Yin-Song , Li Li-Ping , Wu Jing-Wen , Xie Yan-Fen
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Intestinal colic is a common complication in patients who have undergone radical surgery for colorectal cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages, including safety and stability, for the treatment of intestinal colic. Lamp irradiation for abdominal ironing has been applied in the treatment of many gastrointestinal diseases. Purple gromwell oil has the effects of clearing heat, cooling blood, reducing swelling, and relieving pain.

AIM

To investigate the impact of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze on ameliorating intestinal colic in patients after radical surgery for colorectal cancer.

METHODS

A total of 120 patients who experienced postoperative intestinal colic complications after radical surgery for colorectal cancer and who were admitted to Foshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between June 2019 and March 2023 were enrolled as study subjects. The patients were divided into a control group (60 patients) and an observation group (60 patients) based on treatment method. The control group was treated with lamp irradiation, while the observation group was treated with lamp irradiation and external application of purple gromwell oil gauze. The clinical efficacy, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score, duration of symptoms, and rate of adverse reaction occurrence were further compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

The general effective rate in the observation group was 95.00%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group (86.67%, P < 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the duration of symptoms between the groups (P > 0.05). After 1, 2, 3, and 4 d of treatment, the duration of symptoms in both groups were decreased, and the duration in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (96.54 ± 9.57 vs 110.45 ± 11.23, 87.26 ± 12.07 vs 104.44 ± 11.68, 80.45 ± 16.21 vs 99.44 ± 14.95, 73.18 ± 15.58 vs 92.17 ± 14.20; P < 0.05). After 1, 3, 5, and 7 d of treatment, the NRS scores in both groups were decreased, and the NRS scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (3.56 ± 0.41 vs 4.04 ± 0.58, 3.07 ± 0.67 vs 3.74 ± 1.02, 2.52 ± 0.76 vs 3.43 ± 0.85, 2.03 ± 0.58 vs 3.03 ± 0.82; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of adverse reaction occurrence between the groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The use of lamp irradiation combined with purple gromwell oil gauze in patients with intestinal colic after radical surgery for colorectal cancer can reduce symptom duration, alleviate intestinal colic, and improve treatment efficacy, and this approach is safe. It is worth promoting the use of this treatment in clinical practice.
Sarcopenia adversely impacts clinical outcomes in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Qi-Hui , Ma Jin-Dong , Lu Yan-Min , Zhang Run-Nan , Zhao Zhong-Hua , Li Ya-Tong , Chen Qiang-Pu
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Sarcopenia is a syndrome marked by a gradual and widespread reduction in skeletal muscle mass and strength, as well as a decline in functional ability, which is associated with malnutrition, hormonal changes, chronic inflammation, disturbance of intestinal flora, and exercise quality. Pancreatoduodenectomy is a commonly employed clinical intervention for conditions such as pancreatic head cancer, ampulla of Vater cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma, among others, with a notably high rate of postoperative complications. Sarcopenia is frequent in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy. However, data regarding the effects of sarcopenia in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) are both limited and inconsistent.

AIM

To assess the influence of sarcopenia on outcomes in patients undergoing PD.

METHODS

The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were screened for studies published from the time of database inception to June 2023 that described the effects of sarcopenia on the outcomes and complications of PD. Two researchers independently assessed the quality of the data extracted from the studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3.5 and Stata 14.0 software was conducted. Forest and funnel plots were used, respectively, to demonstrate the outcomes of the sarcopenia group vs the non-sarcopenia group after PD and to evaluate potential publication bias.

RESULTS

Sixteen studies encompassing 2381 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The patients in the sarcopenia group (n = 833) had higher overall postoperative complication rates [odds ratio (OR) = 3.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.95-5.99, P < 0.0001], higher Clavien-Dindo class ≥ III major complication rates (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.04-1.90, P = 0.03), higher bacteremia rates (OR = 4.46, 95%CI: 1.42-13.98, P = 0.01), higher pneumonia rates (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.34-3.27, P = 0.001), higher pancreatic fistula rates (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.12-1.79, P = 0.003), longer hospital stays (OR = 2.86, 95%CI: 0.44-5.28, P = 0.02), higher mortality rates (OR = 3.17, 95%CI: 1.55-6.50, P = 0.002), and worse overall survival (hazard ratio = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.45-5.45, P = 0.002) than those in the non-sarcopenia group (n = 1548). However, no significant inter-group differences were observed regarding wound infections, urinary tract infections, biliary fistulas, or postoperative digestive bleeding.

CONCLUSION

Sarcopenia is a common comorbidity in patients undergoing PD. Patients with preoperative sarcopenia have increased rates of complications and mortality, in addition to a poorer overall survival rate and longer hospital stays after PD.
Aluminum Alloy, Die and Hand Forgings, 5.6Zn - 2.5Mg - 1.6Cu - 0.23Cr (7175-T74), Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated
Authors:   AMS D Nonferrous Alloys Committee
Published: June 2024

This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of die and hand forgings 6.000 inches (152.00 mm) and under in nominal thickness at time of heat treatment (see 8.6).
The effect of big data analytics on clinical and management decisions in healthcare facilities in Ghana, West Africa
Authors: Nii Akai Nettey Joshua , Osei Mensah Ronald , Davis Rebecca , Emmanuel Yamoah Lord
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of big data analytics on clinical and management decisions in Ghanaian healthcare facilities focusing on the Ga West Municipal Hospital (GWMH), Greater Accra Regional Hospital (GARH), and Weija-Gbawe Municipal Hospital (WGMH) in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. This study employed a qualitative research design to analyze the effect of big data analytics on clinical and management decisions in Ghanaian healthcare facilities. The study adopted the DOI as the framework to guide the study. The study used a purposive sampling technique to select fifteen (15) participants for interviews using an interview guide with open-ended questions. Primary data was gathered through these interviews and field notes and then analyzed via thematic content analysis. The study found that the selected hospitals in Ghana primarily use EHRs for data collection and storage, with varying levels of utilization for decisionmaking. It also found positive impacts on clinical practice through EHR access, but some challenges. Additionally, it found varying approaches to data security and compliance among hospitals. The study further found that EHRs transform healthcare data management while challenges remain regarding data integration, resources, and security. The study concluded that while EHRs improved data collection and storage in Ghanaian hospitals, underutilization of data for decision-making remains an issue.
Assessment of the impact of level of environmental awareness on public health services in Mandera West Sub- County, Mandera County, Kenya
Authors: Maalim Alio Abdllahi , Abuga Issac
Published: June 2024

Environmental awareness plays a pivotal role in sustainable development and public health improvement globally. This study examines the impact of environmental awareness on public health services in Mandera West Sub-County, Mandera County, Kenya. The research underscores the relationship between heightened environmental awareness and enhanced public health outcomes, revealing that communities with greater environmental consciousness exhibit better waste management practices, reduced exposure to pollutants, and lowerincidences of waterborne diseases. In Mandera West, the harsh climatic conditions, coupled with inadequate infrastructure and limited access to clean water, exacerbate public health challenges. Despite efforts by governmental and non-governmental organizations, the region continues to face high rates of waterborne diseases and poor sanitation. This study identifies a significant gap in the integration of environmental awareness into public health strategies. Utilizing a mixed methodology approach, the research incorporated both quantitative andqualitative methods, involving 141 participants from various levels of the Mandera Sub-County departments of Environment, Energy, Climate Change, Natural Resources, Water Safety, and Public Health. The findings highlight the critical need for enhanced environmental education and awareness programs to improve public health services. The study advocates for targeted educational initiatives and public awareness campaigns to foster a culture of environmental responsibility among stakeholders. By addressing the root causes of health issues through increased environmental awareness, this research provides actionable insights for policymakers, health practitioners, and educators to develop interventions that enhance both environmental and public health outcomes in Mandera West Sub-County. The study contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating the importance of environmental education in achieving sustainable public health improvements.
An investigation to establish how the biblical principle of devotion to virgin Mary enhances women empowerment in Mwingi sub-county, Kitui diocese, Kenya
Authors: Nzamuli Dominic, Munene , W. Kinuthia Regina , Kamwaria Alex
Published: June 2024

The study sought to establish how the biblical principle of devotion to Virgin Mary enhances women empowerment in Mwingi Sub- County, Kitui diocese, Kenya. The study was guided by William, Delores (1937) theory which applies a womanist view point to the convectional theologies, beliefs, texts and devotion associated to Mary. The study used a descriptive research design. The target population was 3000 women from Mwingi sub-county Kitui Diocese. A sample size of 309 respondents: nine (9) priests and (300) three hundred women who were active in various church programs, was selected, through simple random and purposive sampling. Bothqualitative and quantitative methods of data collection were used. The qualitative data was collected using interviews. Quantitative data was collected using closed-ended questionnaires. The qualitative data was analyzed thematically following the objectives of the study, while quantitative data was analyzed using statistical package for the social science version 28 for windows and presented using tables. The study revealed some ways through which church leaders can through emphasis on devotion to Virgin Mary build on women empowerment such as building programs on self-awareness and worth, spiritual maturity, confidence and self-esteem. The study recommends the importance of encouraging devotion to Virgin Mary to all women in order to promote their empowerment in the Roman Catholic Church.
Surveillance of aflatoxin levels in maize (Zea mays L.) grains sold in some major markets of Kaduna State, Nigeria
Authors: Olaitan O.Z. , Indabo S.S. , Ahmed H.O. , Aliyu A. , Muhammad H.U. , Sakariyahu S.K. , Aliyu R.E
Published: June 2024

Aflatoxin contamination in maize is a significant food safety challenge in Nigeria, causing post-harvest losses and posing a threat to public health. This study evaluated the levels of aflatoxin contamination in maize grains sold in five major markets (Samaru, Sabon Gari, Railway, Central Market, and Tudun Wada markets) in Kaduna State. The grains were stored in sacks for 9–11 months before being marketed. Maize grains (one kilogram) were randomly collected from two cluster points in the selected markets in March 2023. Grains were obtained from five locations (vendors) in each market cluster. Aflatoxin was extracted from ground samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol. The mean aflatoxin levels in maize grains sold in the markets ranged from 6.53±0.7 μg/kg to 60.87±1.87 μg/kg. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the aflatoxin levels showed a significant difference (p≤0.05) across the sampled locations. Mean aflatoxin levels in samples from Samaru 1, Samaru 2, and Kaduna Central Market 1 were 9.27±0.37, 6.53±0.7, and 9.67±0.55 μg/kg aflatoxin levels, respectively. These levels were within the permissible aflatoxin limit of the Standard Organization of Nigeria (10.00 μg/kg). Aflatoxin levels in all the samples were higher than the permissible limit of the European Union/World Health Organization limit (4.00μg/kg). Thus, limiting exports of our commodities. Even though the moisture contents recorded were within the recommended level for storage, the grains were still contaminated with aflatoxin. The incidence of aflatoxin contamination in the grains could therefore be linked to improper farmers' awareness, poor storage practices, and weather conditions. In conclusion, this study showed a high level of aflatoxin contamination (highest mean = 60.87±1.87) in maize grains sold in some major markets in Kaduna. Only maize grains sampled at Samaru and Kaduna Central (Cluster 1) markets are within the permissible limits and acceptable for consumption in Nigeria.
GIS-based multi-criteria land suitability mapping for sorghum production in South-Eastern parts of Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim A. , Adewuyi T.O. , Bako M. , Shu'aibu B. , Ajani A.O. , Akintuyi O.B.
Published: June 2024

As global population growth continues to escalate, the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices intensifies. In this context, sorghum, as a vital cereal crop, holds considerable promise for ensuring food security and mitigating hunger. This study focuses on sorghum production in Niger State and highlights the crucial role of site suitability analysis in ensuring sustainable crop production amid global population growth. Employing geospatial techniques, the study maps suitable sites for sorghum production by integrating diverse criteria. The Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) for Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) was employed to assign weighted values to soil, topography, land use, geology and water resources. Subsequently, the Weight Overlay (WO) method merges these criteria, yielding a nuanced suitability map. The findings revealed by the landscape distribution show that 36.46% (697,972 hectares) of the total area is highly suitable, 40.09% (766,055 hectares) is moderately suitable, 17.88% (342,026 hectares) is marginally suitable, 1.18% (22,857 hectares) has low suitability, and 4.36% (83,565 hectares) has very low suitability for sorghum production. Gbako, Bida, Mokwa, Katcha, and Wushishi LGA areas stand out as particularly favourable for sorghum production. The study recommends replicating this methodology for assessing other cereal crops, underscoring its adept handling of restriction factors hereby considering the employed criteria for future evaluations of a comprehensive approach to land suitability analysis to foster sustainable agriculture and large-scale farming in suitable areas employing modern technology.
Assessment of soil erosion susceptibility using multi-criteria analysis
Authors: Adesina E.A. , Ajayi O.G. , Odumosu J.O. , Kolade T.S.
Published: June 2024

Soil erosion is a significant challenge for the environment and economy, especially in erosion-prone areas which makes sustainable soil management very crucial. This study uses the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to identify areas susceptible to soil erosion and estimate soil loss. The USLE considers various factors, such as slope characteristics, vegetation management, soil erodibility, and rainfall erosivity. It uses several data sources like soil composition, precipitation patterns, digital elevation models, land usage, and vegetation cover. The study classified erosion-prone zones into low, medium, high, and very high vulnerability categories using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as part of a multi-criteria analysis. The findings reveal that the study area experiences an average annual soil loss rate of 3186.6 tonnes per hectare per year. While 83.3% of the study area has the lowest soil loss rate, though the regions could still be vulnerable to erosion due to steep slopes, high rainfall, and gullies. The Geographic Information System, USLE, and diverse data sources help identify erosion-prone areas with potential soil loss. The study's results are valuable for policymakers and farmers as they provide a foundation for targeted strategies to prevent erosion in the study area and similar regions.
Gender and Family Size as Determinants of Research Productivity among Library Educators in Nigeria
Authors: Olise Florence Nwanne , Anyaobi Grace , Idoko Florence Awele
Published: June 2024

This study examines gender and family size effects on Nigerian library educators' research productivity levels. The cross-sectional study  used questionnaires to obtain data from 168 library educators in Nigeria. Data was collected via snowball sampling technique. All data  collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study results showed that Nigerian library educators write journal  papers and do research at high rates. However, male library educators published more and engaged in more research activities than  female educators. Educators with more prominent families had better research production, suggesting time management support. These  findings emphasized the need for gender equity and family-friendly policies in academic institutions to support research  excellence and career progression for all educators. Thus, the study made workable recommendations and concluded that the link  between family size and research output is complex.
Application of Bokashi Organic and Nitrogen-Phosphorous-Potassium Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in a Hydroponic System at a Green House in Madiun, Indonesia
Authors: Wuryantoro  , Wardhani R. M. , Martono D. S. , Yahayu Sri
Published: June 2024

Urban farming is a current trend because of the many benefits it can obtain economically, healthily, ecologically, and socially. Limited urban land, especially residential environments, requires practical and economical cultivation techniques, including a hydroponic system. Hence, the objective of this paper was to apply Bokashi organic and nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium (NPK) inorganic fertilizer to the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in a hydroponic system at a greenhouse in Madiun, Indonesia using standard methods from December 2023 to January 2024. The study showed that using organic bokashi fertilizer with NPK inorganic fertilizer gave good results, which is no different from AB-Mix instant nutrition regarding growth and the harvested product. Organic fertilizer without additional NPK provides less than optimal growth due to a lack of macronutrients. Further, more applied research is needed to obtain a farmer-friendly hydroponic technology package that is truly applicable, easy, and cheap so that it can strengthen urban farming programs in many metropolitan areas in Indonesia.
Evaluation of Heavy Metal Levels and Contamination Indices of Groundwater Sources in Kaduna South Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Northern Nigeria
Authors: Opasola O. A. , Otto E.
Published: June 2024

Global concern over heavy metal pollution in groundwater resources has recently increased because of its potential impact on public health. Evidence shows that unsafe water is responsible for approximately 1.2 million deaths yearly, prompting a surge in research on groundwater quality worldwide, particularly in developing nations. Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the heavy metal levels and contamination indices of groundwater sources in the Kaduna South Local Government Area, Kaduna State, Northern Nigeria, using appropriate standard methods. Findings indicate that a significant majority (67%) of the pollution metrics demonstrated high levels of heavy metal contamination, exceeding the established threshold values, suggesting its unsuitability for consumption. Also, correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association (p <.05) between the pollution indices, particularly with Pb, suggesting its role as a prevalent contaminant affecting the groundwater quality. Our findings demonstrate the varying extent of groundwater contamination and emphasise the importance of a multi-index approach in presenting a holistic overview of the status of groundwater pollution, with significant implications for improving water quality in the study area and for strategic planning and intervention in water quality monitoring and surveillance.
Cytotoxicity and Anti-Diabetic Properties of Leaves of Some Medicinal Plants collected around Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed R. S. , Saidu G. , Salihu L. , Aliyu A. O.
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to establish the anti-diabetic potential of Blighia unijugata Baker, Anthocleista djalonensis, Senna sieberiana, Senna singueana and Ficus exasperate. Blighia unijugata Baker, Anthocleista djalonensis, Senna sieberiana, Senna singueana Delile and Ficus exasperate Vahl were extracted with methanol and fractionated using petroleum ether, chloroform and ethylacetate. The phytochemical analysis, cytotoxicity and antidiabetic properties of the fractions were investigated using standard methods. Phytochemical results of the plants fractions showed various amount of alkaloids ranging from 1.2 - 4.7%with moderate amount of flavonoids, steroids, saponins and trace amount of tannins. The results of cytotoxicity using Fundulopachas gadneri showed senna singueana Delile, ethylacetate fraction and Blighia unijugata  Baker- pet ether fraction being the most active (LC50 5. 23). Antidiabetic results showed that most of the fractions are highly active reducing the sugar level of the induced albino rats to normal with Ficus exasperate Vahl, ethylacatate fraction and Blighia unijugata Baker-chloroform fraction showing higher activity against all the induced rats. Comparatively the two fractions showed higher activities than the standard drugs. The results of this research therefore showed  Ficus exasperate Vahl, ethylacatate fraction and Blighia unijugata Baker-chloroform fraction possess great potentials as anti-diabetic agents with animals treated withBlighia unijugata Baker-chloroform fraction having better recovery because the experimental animals had steady weight gain and could therefore be a potential as anti-diabetic drugs.
Quantification of selected polyphenols in hydroethanolic garlic extract using high performance liquid chromatography and their effects on drosophila neuropeptides: a molecular docking study
Authors: Ayeleso Ademola O. , Adepoju Ayodeji E. Adepoju , Ayomipo Mojisola A. , Oyebamiji Abel K. , Oyedepo Temitope A. Oyedepo
Published: June 2024

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a bulbous plant, which has been established to possess diverse medicinal properties. The neuropeptides of Drosophila melanogaster function to control major metabolic activities of the fruit flies. Thus, this study aimed to identify polyphenols that can distort the expression of some selected neuropeptides that are responsible for satiety in Drosophila melanogaster . High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLCHPLC) analysis was performed on hydroethanolic garlic extract, after which an in silico pharmacokin etics screening and molecular docking studies were performed using 10 selected polyphenols in garlic as ligands, and UDP 2 , Hugin and dNPF as neuropeptide targets responsible for satiety. The hydroethanolic garlic extract had gallic acid to be most abundant , followed by isovallinic acid and protocatechuic acid (7.736, 3.024 and 2.235 ppm respectively). The least present polyphenols are quercetin, rutin, orientin and isoorientin (0.561, 0.907, 0.948 and 0.913 ppm respectively). However, after docking analysis , isoorientin showed the best binding affinity with all the neuropeptide targets that were analysed at their respective binding site with docking score of upto 7.8 kcal/mol. This study predicted that isoorientin could serve as therapeutic agents to control satiety.
Evaluation of synergistic cytotoxic potential of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum on Wistar rats testes
Authors: Simeon Joseph Oyepata , Tosin Joseph Opeyemi
Published: June 2024

Plants decoction has been used since ancient times for various disease manifestations. It is usually believed that combining different plants source ensures efficacy. Garlic and ginger combination have been used in treating various illness such as cold, growth, immunity and infections. The combined effects of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum extracts were tested on the testicles of Wistar rats by evaluating haematological, cell viability and histopathological parameters. The study was done by dividing male Wistar rats into 4 groups. Each group received different concentrations of extracts (group 1; 100 mg (ginger) + 150 mg/kg garlic, group 2. 200 mg + 300 mg/kg, group 3; and group 4; 400 mg + 450 mg). Cell isolation, cell viability and histological analysis were performed in the testicles. Compared with the control group, there was no increase in RBC (P<0.05) but a decrease in WBC (P<0.05) in all groups given GG extract. Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the level of living cells in groups 2 and 3 (P<0.05), while in group 4 the level of dead cells decreased slightly compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant change in superoxide dismutase was seen in molecular tests. Histological examination showed a significant improvement in cellularity. The results show that taking garlic and ginger extract has no effect on tumor function.
Management of complicated crown fracture with an aberrantly placed tooth fragment - a case report and review of the literature
Authors: AHWOREGBA Timothy Onoriode , CHUKWUMAH Nneka Maureen , UGORJI Chioma Victoria , ORENUGA Omolola Olubunmi
Published: June 2024

Background: Trauma to the anterior teeth in children is often of great concern to patients, parents and clinicians. The attendant sequelae and psychosocial impact cannot be overemphasized if the trauma is not managed properly according to international best practices for traumatic dental injuries.
Case Report: This is a case of a 15-year-old boy who presented to the paediatric clinic with a fracture of the upper left central permanent incisor and swelling of the lower lip.
On examination, the tooth was not tender to percussion, with pulpal exposure and swelling of the lower lip. A soft tissue radiograph of the lower lip showed a left-sided radiopaque mass that was suggestive of the tooth mass. Management of complicated crown fractures involves root canal treatment (RCT) and post-retained crown or composite build-up or tooth fragment reattachment if found. In this case, an RCT of the upper left central incisor was done, and surgical exposure of the tooth fragment in the lower lip was performed, followed by subsequent reattachment of the still viable tooth fragment.
Conclusion: Thorough clinical examination and radiographic assessment are the mainstays of successful diagnosis and management of dental trauma. In addition, for cases with missing tooth fragments, radiographs of the adjacent soft tissue are of high diagnostic value to rule out soft tissue impaction and tooth fragments, if found, can be successfully reattached.
La lutte Anti-Erosive dans la ville de Kinshasa
Authors: Kidimba Ngima Serge
Published: June 2024

Les peuples de kisenso ont droit à une prise en charge économie, culturelle, sécuritaire et psychosociale est encore à une vie sainte, adéquate afin d'éviter non seulement les érosions dans la commune, mais aussi la pauvrette dans la population de kisenso. L’expérience et la vie de tous les jours prouvent que la nature, plus précisément l'environnement écologique, subit l'influence néfaste de l'être humain.
Dans la ville de Kinshasa, la population de la commune de kisenso présente les signes les plus visibles de cette influence. Devant ce besoin de trouver un espace vital, les hommes se sont installés même sur les collines et aux fonds des vallées a leurs risques et péril. Cette occupation anarchique des terrains entraine l'éboulement des terres pendant les fortes pluies et des érosions qui s'en suivent, provoquant la destruction des maisons d'habitation et des infrastructures sociales, la mort d'hommes, aussi le déplacement massif des membres de la commune.
Pratiques foncières et dégradation du pouvoir étatique
Authors: Mfesaw Nsele Olivier , Mbombangi Nkatu , Nsengambo Mbokolo
Published: June 2024

Ce travail démontre comment le domaine public de l’Etat est spolié par un groupe de personnes suite à l’excès de pouvoirs de commandement, et les chefs coutumiers sans tenir compte de différentes procédures foncières et urbanistiques, et ceci a prouvé à juste titre que l’Etat commence à se courber vis-à-vis de ces privés tout en procédant à une désaffectation très irrégulière, ce phénomène est d’actualité et a exposé la communauté, et la société civile d’initier beaucoup de stratégies de protestation ayant abouti à un conflit communautaire, c’est- à-dire la population contre les autorités, et aussi contre les chefs coutumiers. D’où l’Etat est interpelé de réorganiser ce secteur dans l’ensemble du pays.
Urbanization and youth employment in South East of Nigeria: 2015 – 2023
Authors: Egwuagu Uloma Bridget , Anikeze Nnaemeka Hillary
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the relationship between urbanization and youth employment in South East of Nigeria from 2015-2023. The study was carried out in five major urban areas in south east , which include Enugu, Awka, Abakaliki, Aba, and Owerri. Data were elicited using questionnaire, in-depth interview and focus group discussion guide. The findings of the study revealed that there is no positive correlation between urbanization and youth job placement in South East Nigeria and there is no positive correlation between urbanization and youth empowerment in South East Nigeria. The study advocates that though employment opportunities may exist in the urban areas, it is also likely that the youths who migrate to the urban areas in search of better jobs may not be able to secure employment, due to increased competition for the few available jobs in the urban areas secondly urban areas often have higher living costs, which can make it difficult for the youths to support themselves and may resort to social vices such as arm robbery, prostitutions, drug trafficking etc in a bid to survive. The study recommends that Social and infrastructural amenities should be provided in the rural areas to curtail the rate or Youth migration into the urban areas to search for non-existent job.. The government should provide youth empowerment scheme to equip the youths with necessary skills to be relevant in the labor marke
Shielding the Vulnerable: Exploring Health Insurance as Financial Safeguard for Slum Dwellers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Chamwali Lihoya
Published: June 2024

This study explores the interplay between health insurance and out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures among slum dwellers in Dar es Salaam, where financial barriers significantly impact access to healthcare. Given the economic vulnerabilities of these populations, understanding this relationship is crucial for designing effective health policy interventions. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to estimate the effects of health insurance on OOP expenditures among this demographic. Employing a cross-sectional research design, the study collected data from a sample of 400 households using questionnaire, ensuring a robust representation of the target population. The analysis was conducted using the Probit model to ascertain the initial probabilities of insurance coverage, followed by the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method to account for potential endogeneities and provide a clearer picture of the impact of health insurance on OOP expenditures. Findings from the Probit model indicate demographic characteristics like marital status, and education are significant likelihood of influencing health insurance coverage among slum dwellers. However, the 2SLS model highlights that health insurance reduces the burden of medical expenses, and its effectiveness is contingent upon the breadth of coverage and the healthcare needs of the insured. Based on these insights, the study recommends the expansion of health insurance coverage in slum areas, with a focus on enhancing the comprehensiveness of these insurance plan.
Governance and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Nexus (2015-2023)
Authors: Ogbu Ogonna , Emma Chukwuemeka
Published: June 2024

The study examines governance deficit and its effect on insecurity in Nigeria. from 2015 to 2023. The Nigerian state has experienced high rate of violent crimes and general insecurity which have surfaced in different dimensions and forms; from kidnapping, banditry, and terrorism to violent self- determination and separatist bids, killings in North, South, West and South Eastern NigeriaThe study adopted descriptive research design. Major findings revealed that deficit in governance has strong nexus with insecurity in Nigeria. Also, the paper revealed that ethnic jingoism championed by successive leaders has also increase the spate of insecurity and violent self-determinationin Nigeria.Recommendations were proffered based on the findings
Mir-204 regulates the biological behavior of childhood leukemia cells by binding to 3'UTR end of target gene and reducing the level of the gene
Authors: Wang Jia , Kou Hong , Kong Ting , Lu Wei
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To study the regulatory impact of mir-204 on the biological behavior of childhood leukemia cells and to elucidate its mechanism of action.
Methods: A total of 112 children with leukemia who were treated in Three Gorges University Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang,  China from July 2018 to June 2020 were randomly divided into study and control groups (n = 56 each). The expression levels of mir-204  and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were determined using real-time polymerase chain chain reaction (RT-PCR) while the cell proliferation potential was determined using the CCK-8 method. Apoptosis and cell cycle progression of each group were evaluated using  flow cytometry while changes in cell invasion and migration were assessed by Transwell assay. Luciferase reporter assay was used  to determine the binding of mir-204 and HGF to 3'UTR.
Results: The expression level of mir-204 in study group was significantly lower  than that in control group, while expression level of HGF was significantly higher (p < 0.01) compared to control group. There was no  significant change in cell proliferation capacity at 24 h. The expression level of mir-204 was significantly decreased, while the expression  level of HGF was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Luciferase activity of wild-type HGF 3'UTR in mir-204 overexpression group was  significantly decreased, relative to mir-204 negative control group (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in luciferase activity in  mutant HGF gene between the two groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Mir-204 reduces HGF expression level via HGF 3'UTR end, thereby  inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration, while promoting apoptosis, blocking cell cycle and regulating biological behavior of  childhood leukemia cells.
Efficacy of Lactobacillus live capsules in combination with metronidazole for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Lou Shuai , Lv Hongqing , Zhang Lin
Published: June 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of metronidazole in combination with Lactobacillus live capsules for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV).
Methods: A retrospective study of 100 BV patients was conducted between June 2020 and February 2022 at Affiliated Jinhua Hospital,  Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China. Patients were assigned to control (48 patients received metronidazole only) and  study groups (52 patients received metronidazole and Lactobacillus live capsules). Short-term efficacy, changes in vaginal flora  distribution, recurrence rates, and occurrence of adverse effects were investigated.
Results: The study group showed significantly higher  overall efficacy compared to control group (p < 0.05). After treatment, vaginal flora analysis revealed a more balanced microbiota in the  study group, indicating a positive effect of combined therapy. However, recurrence rates at one and three months after treatment did not  significantly differ between the two groups (p > 0.05). Both treatment regimens were generally well-tolerated, with only a single  report of mild adverse reactions in the study group.
Conclusions: The combined therapy of metronidazole and Lactobacillus live capsules  enhances shortterm therapeutic effectiveness and promotes a healthier vaginal microbiota. Although, the combined therapy  does not significantly impact recurrence rates, it demonstrates a favorable safety profile. The lack of attention to non-bacterial  constituents of the vaginal flora and potential long-term adverse effects of Lactobacillus live capsules represent an area for future study.
The nature of consciousness in the context of artificial intelligence: Redefining human-technology relationships
Authors: Okoli Izuchukwu Kizito , Nnajiofor Osita Gregory
Published: June 2024

The nature of consciousness in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) presents a problem that necessitates analysis and further exploration. This study seeks to redefine human-technology relationships by examining the intersection of consciousness and AI, including metaphysical implications and considerations. The primary objectives are to define consciousness within the context of AI, assess the potential for AI to exhibit consciousness, investigate the metaphysical implications for human experiences, and explore the ethical dimensions. The research findings indicate that consciousness involves self-awareness, perception, intentionality, and subjective experiences. While AI can achieve advanced cognitive abilities, the existence of higher-order consciousness remains uncertain, raising metaphysical questions about the nature of subjective awareness. The hard problem of consciousness highlights the challenge of bridging physical processes and subjective experiences, underscoring the need for metaphysical considerations. Ethical implications of AI integration and its impact on human experiences are also examined. Recommendations include further research on consciousness in AI, the development of ethical frameworks that account for metaphysical dimensions, and the exploration of the extended mind hypothesis to integrate AI as an augmentation of human consciousness. By addressing metaphysical implications and considerations, we can navigate the evolving landscape of AI and redefine human-technology relationships in a responsible, inclusive, and metaphysically informed manner.
Language and communication implication of artificial intelligence on selected Nigerian university undergraduates
Authors: Atoi Nelson Ewere
Published: June 2024

In recent times, the emergence of artificial intelligence has had a tremendous influence on human language and communication. It involves developing computer programs to complete tasks which would otherwise require human intelligence. This study, therefore, investigates the impact of artificial intelligence on the English language use and communication skills of selected Nigerian university undergraduates. Questionnaires were designed from a five-point rating scale and shared with one hundred and fifty respondents from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka and the University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus These students were randomly sampled because the students were selected without having any particular choice in mind. All the responses gathered through an online survey monkey were categorised and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. Albert Bandura’s (1977) Social Learning Theory was adopted as the theoretical framework for this study. The findings show that artificial intelligence impacts the language and communication of Nigerian undergraduates both positively and negatively and this includes among others: improvement of their vocabulary and grammar, and overdependence on AI technology for English language vocabulary development.
Macroeconomic Impacts on Bank Performance and Evaluating Relationship Between Beta CAPM and Bank Cost of Equity – A Case of ACB BANK in 2 Stages
Authors: Ngoc Huy Dinh Tran , Dung Pham Anh , Han Le Thi , Nuong Le Ngoc , Nhan Pham Hung
Published: June 2024

There are 2 special stages of Vietnam economy during time 2011–2020: first is pre-Low (L) inflation stage 2011–2016 and second is post-L inflation stage (2015-2020). Our paper's objective is to analyze and measure effects of multi factors (internal and external) on both beta CAPM and cost of equity of CB commercial bank in Vietnam market. By using OLS regression which is a reliable method, our research results tell that firstly, A reduction of Rf and beta will reduce cost of equity and expected return. Last but not least, because ex rate and trade balance have positive impact on beta in pre-L inflation time, but negative impact in post-L inflation stage: we recommend increase trade balance to reduce risk in post-L inflation time. Therefore, our study can be expanded for other markets.