bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapeo científico de la investigación mundial en economía circular y desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Trejos Salazar Damiand , Carmona Herrera Kelly , Duque Hurtado Pedro
Published: October 2023

La creciente preocupación por el acelerado deterioro del ambiente y la búsqueda del cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) han promovido una reorganización en las estructuras de producción y comercialización a nivel global. Es por ello, que la economía circular, surge como una alternativa viable para enfrentar estos desafíos, y su estrecha relación con la sostenibilidad son elementos que gestionados de forma adecuada, abren una luz de esperanza para el futuro de la humanidad. Dada la importancia que ha tomado el tema en los últimos años, el presente artículo pretende realizar un mapeo científico de la investigación a nivel global en economía circular y el desarrollo sostenible. Para ello, se utilizaron herramientas y técnicas bibliométricas aplicadas a los datos obtenidos de la base de datos Scopus. Los resultados permitieron identificar tres perspectivas de investigación las cuales se caracterizan por: el papel de la innovación tecnológica en la sostenibilidad, la bioeconomía como elemento integrador y los indicadores y eficiencia de las prácticas de economía circular. Así mismo, se reconoce que es un tema que se encuentra en auge, en el que se involucran investigadores y países de todos los continentes, es decir, no hay una hegemonía marcada por términos geográficos. Finalmente, en este estudio se presenta una agenda para futuras investigaciones.
Diseño e implementación de un control de humedad del suelo bajo cubierta usando lógica difusa mediante PLC
Authors: Fonseca Velasquez Aldemar , Cardenas Miranda Maria Camila , Pedraza Tunjo Sebastian , Tangarife Escobar Héctor Iván
Published: October 2023

Para promover la inclusión tecnológica hacia el sector agrícola, es importante contar con diversos sistemas de control para la optimización de procesos y calidad de producción. El presente documento tiene como finalidad realizar el diseño e implementación de un control de humedad del suelo bajo cubierta usando lógica difusa mediante PLC. Metodología: Bajo un ambiente controlado se simularon las condiciones ambientales próximas a un invernadero, donde se realizó la caracterización del sensor de humedad del suelo, además se diseñó de una interfaz gráfica mediante Interfaz Humano Máquina - HMI, donde es posible el monitoreo y el control del cultivo. Se estableció la comunicación entre el controlador y las tarjetas de desarrollo para el flujo de datos. Adicionalmente, se creó una base de datos en un servidor web embebido y una dashboard con el objetivo de visualizar y almacenar la variable ambiental en tiempo real. Resultados: La caracterización del sensor de humedad, facilitó el funcionamiento adecuado del control basado en lógica difusa. La interfaz de usuario permitió la manipulación del sistema de manera fácil y didáctica, ayudando a la adopción tecnológica. El almacenamiento y la visualización fueron posibles gracias a la correcta elección de los protocolos de comunicación implementados. Conclusiones: El desarrollo de este sistema en un prototipo a escala permite ser implementado en ambiente agrícola, además aporta a la innovación y adaptación de los agricultores a nuevas tecnologías
Detección de signos de retinopatía hipertensiva usando algoritmos de aprendizaje automático en imágenes digitales de fondo de ojo
Authors: Delgado Molina Christian Camilo , Africany Villamil Leonardo , Vásquez López Jairo Alfonso , Vargas Cañas Rubiel
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo es aplicar una arquitectura de detección como estrategia para identificar y estadificar signos de retinopatía hipertensiva en imágenes digitales de fondo de ojo. Metodología: El modelo propuesto se fundamenta en la metodología CRISP-ML que es el método más utilizado en proyectos de aprendizaje automático y consta de seis etapas. Estas etapas se siguen de manera exhaustiva, pero se realizan adaptaciones donde sea necesario. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo muestran que el sistema propuesto es capaz de detectar signos de retinopatía hipertensiva en una imagen de fondo de ojo con una precisión del 96%. Conclusiones: las técnicas de clasificación de imágenes y aprendizaje automático se presentan como una alternativa para el apoyo de la toma de decisiones necesarias en la detección de signos de esta complicación ocular. Con esto se espera que beneficien tanto los médicos especialistas como los pacientes con retinopatía hipertensiva.
Physicochemical characteristics and textural properties of the casabe
Authors: Fuentes-Bedoya Eliana Andrea , González-Hernández Joana Paola , Denise De Paula Claudia , Simanca-Sotelo Mónica María , Andrade Pizarro Ricardo David
Published: October 2023

Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the casabe production process on the final characteristics of the product. For this purpose, three small family businesses were chosen from Ciénaga de Oro, Córdoba (Colombia). Methodology: Physicochemical and textural characterization of the casabe produced was carried out. Descriptive analysis of the texture was performed with a trained panel of tasters, evaluating attributes of hardness, fracturability, crispness, and cohesiveness. Instrumental analyses of texture were conducted with a texture analyzer to determine hardness and fracturability. Results: The results revealed differences between the artisan casabe in terms of physicochemical characteristics (moisture and carbohydrates), sensory texture, and instrumental texture (hardness). No correlation could be established between the texture data evaluated instrumentally and sensorially. The differences in the characteristics of the casabe produced in the small family business are due to the discrepancy between the production processes, giving each casabe specific qualities. Conclusions: casabe can be defined as a hard and fractured product when consumed. These attributes can be considered the primary tool when determining quality as they are important characteristics of consumer acceptance. However, instrumental texture  (hardness and fracturability) does not correlate with sensory texture.
Patient identification system based on NFC and blockchain technology
Authors: Gómez Gómez Jorge Eliecer , Ricardo Cárdenas Sebastian , Sánchez Ruiz Fabian
Published: October 2023

Objective: To develop a system in the field of medicine that allows to identify patients by making use of security for NFC cards based on blockchain. Methodology: A study of the physical characteristics of NFC cards was carried out to design an external security system, supported by the decentralization of the blockchain, which allows the use of these cards in a field that handles highly sensitive information, such as medicine, in order to take advantage of the practicality of NFC technology when identifying patients in a hospital without exposing their medical history. Results: It was appreciated that the blockchain offers a lot of advantages in the field of security, but these advantages come with a decompensation in the times of writing new blocks and reading previous blocks. Conclusions: A system supported on a centralized and decentralized part provides greater security, however, a decentralized system such as the blockchain comes with a decompensation in terms of writing speed and, above all, reading speed.
Parámetros de caracterización en zonas urbanas para detectar residuos sólidos mediante visión artificial
Authors: Diaz Garcia Crhistian Zahir , Castellano Carvajal Diego Andrés , Medina Delgado Byron , Castro Casadiego Sergio Alexander , Niño Rondón Carlos Vicente
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Determinar las condiciones de adquisición de imágenes en zonas urbanas para detectar residuos sólidos mediante técnicas de visión artificial. Metodología: Se seleccionaron dos zonas urbanas, se definieron los parámetros de caracterización y se aplicaron las técnicas de segmentación por color y detectores en cascada, por último, se evaluó la eficiencia de las técnicas de detección de residuos aplicadas. Resultados: En los parámetros de caracterización para alturas de 1.5 m y 0.5 m, ángulos de inclinación de 60°y 20°, niveles de luminosidad entre 300 a 1800 Lux, se obtuvo la exactitud de la técnica de segmentación por color con valores del 71 % al 96 %, a su vez, la exactitud de la técnica de detector en cascada tuvo valores del 70 % al 96 %. Conclusiones: Se determinó que, tanto para el rendimiento de la técnica de segmentación por color como para la técnica de detector en cascada, el parámetro de caracterización que más afectó la eficiencia, es el ángulo de inclinación, obteniendo una exactitud promedio de 92.25 % y 94 % para un ángulo de 20°, mientras que, en un ángulo de 60° la exactitud promedio fue de 73 % y 76.75 %.
desobediencia civil como expresión de la obligación política: una propuesta
Authors: Magoja Eduardo Esteban
Published: October 2023

En materia de obligación política, la teoría del fair play plantea que, si un individuo que forma parte de un esquema cooperativo ventajoso se beneficia del esfuerzo de los demás participantes, tiene el deber de soportar las cargas; de lo contrario, violaría su deber de fair play, esto es, de reciprocar los beneficios obtenidos. Bajo esta perspectiva, la obligación política tiene un carácter prima facie, lo cual abre la posibilidad de que haya tipos de desobediencia justificadas contra alguna ley o acto en particular del gobierno. Las más importantes y reconocidas son la desobediencia civil, la protesta y la objeción de conciencia.

Mediante una metodología que entrecruza la filosofía del derecho y la filosofía política, este trabajo tiene como objetivo examinar el (des)valor de la desobediencia civil dentro del Estado constitucional de derecho. Veremos que ella, lejos de ser una actitud transgresora, es un mecanismo esencial para la preservación de los bienes humanos básicos, en especial, de aquellos grupos sociales que son relegados del campo público o no pueden hacer valer con efectividad sus reclamos. Sobre la base de estas consideraciones, avanzaremos a formular la tesis de que la desobediencia civil constituye una expresión de la obligación política.
Soccer Training Methodology: A Coach’s Vision
Authors: Sanmiguel-Rodríguez Alberto , Romo-Pérez Vicente , Arufe-Giráldez Victor , Ramos-Álvarez Oliver
Published: October 2023

Background. Based on the fundamental principles of training, the methodology that each coach develops in the planning of sessions can be effective in improving the performance of their athletes.
Study purpose. Therefore, the general objective pursued in this study was to find out the type of work carried out by the coaching staffs in their different teams/clubs.
Materials and methods. For this work, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 517 coaches from different divisions and nationalities. To characterise the sample, descriptive measures were used and Pearson’s chi-square was used to study whether there is a relationship between the variables studied. All statistical analyses were performed with Stata and statistical significance was always set at a p-value < 0.05.
Results. The results indicated that the methodology preferred by the coaches for working on the technique was the Coerver and analytical methods. The global and analytical methods were the most used on average by the coaches for tactical work. The coaches, regardless of the division or category in which they train, indicated that strength is the most important capacity to work on.
Conclusions. The results of this study can be very useful for future coaching staffs when distributing training sessions and workloads.
Effects of Fitball Exercise on Body Composition, Flexibility, Muscular Strength-Endurance and Aerobic Capacity in Obese Working-Age Women
Authors: Buttichak Arunya , Namboonlue Sarocha , Muangritdech Nattha , Sriwiset Palakorn , Namboonlue Chaiyawat
Published: October 2023

The study purpose was to examine and compare the effects of fitball exercise on body composition, flexibility, muscular strength-endurance and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) in obese working-age women.  
Materials and methods. Twenty-six working-age women with obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2) aged between 40 and 50 years were divided into 2 groups: 1) fitball exercise group (FEG) and 2) control group (CG). The training lasted 12 weeks with sessions of 60 min/day and 3 days per week. All parameters were measured at 1 day prior to (PRE; pre-training), 1 day after 6 weeks (MID; middle-training) and within 1 day after 12 weeks (POST; post-training) of the training period.
Results. After the 6-week training, the FEG showed substantial improvement in body weight, BMI, back extension, leg strength, 60 second chair stand (60SCST) and VO2 max (-0.92%, -1.34%, 12.74%, 27.19%, 25.79% and 10.75%, respectively, p < 0.05) when compared to the CG. Similarly, after the 12-week training, the FEG showed a significantly larger improvement in body weight, BMI, fat mass, sit and reach, back extension, leg strength, 60SCST and VO2max(-1.14%, -2.19%, -1.92%, 54.31%, 27.31%, 33.50%, 37.02% and 24.05%, respectively, p < 0.05) compared to the CG.
Conclusions. Fitball exercise training is effective in improving body composition, flexibility and muscular strength-endurance as well as increasing the aerobic capacity in female workers with obesity.
Effect of Periodized Interval Training in Combination with Explosive Strength and Speed in Game-Like Situation on Agility and High Intensity Aerobic Capacity of Youth Soccer Players
Authors: Kabdwal Mahesh Chandra , Pal Shubham , Poonia Rina
Published: October 2023

Study purpose. High-intensity aerobic capacity (HIAC) is essential for soccer players because they have to perform sprints of short duration in the shortest possible time. At the same time, they need to quickly change direction with and without the ball, which requires agility. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of a periodized (8-week) training plan that combines interval training (IT), explosive strength (ES), speed, and game-like situations on agility and HIAC in youth soccer players.
Materials and methods.  This research is an experimental study in which the population was male youth soccer players (N = 23) (aged 16.7±2.1). The Arrowhead Agility Test and the HIAC Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1) have taken the pre- and post-data of agility. By using the formula for YYIR1 test: VO₂max (mL kg-1 min-1) = IR1 distance (m) × 0.0084 + 36.4, we get an estimation of the volume of maximum oxygen consumption (VO₂max). The data analysis used a t-test at 0.05% as the significance level.
Results. Based on the results, the mean of the pre-tests in agility, YO-YO IR1, and VO₂max showed 17.911, 14.8100, and 55.25510. After training for eight weeks, there was an improvement: the mean showed 16.667, 15.9750, and 60.06960. As per the results of the data on the hypothesis in the study, it was found that there was a significant effect of periodized IT in combination with ES and speed on agility performance and HIAC of the youth soccer players.
Conclusions. There was a significant effect of periodized IT in combination with ES and speed on improving youth soccer players’ agility performance and HIAC.
The Impact of Javanese Dance on Improving Rhythmic Skills and Critical Thinking
Authors: Mulyaningsih Farida , Susanto Ermawan , Sukoco Pamuji , Suryobroto Agus S. , Ilmah Nur Khozanah
Published: October 2023

Study purpose. The low rhythmic skills of students are caused by the complexity of rhythmic movements. This study aims to determine the impact of Javanese dance on rhythmic skills and critical thinking.
Materials and methods. The study used a one group pretest-posttest experimental design. Fourth grade students of 66 people were used as research subjects who were taken through cluster random sampling. Rhythmic skill data collection was using Rhythmic Test and critical thinking data collection was using a questionnaire. Data analysis was used to determine the impact of Javanese dance using paired samples t-tests, while proving the difference in impact was using independent samples t-tests.
Results. The results show that the paired samples t-test in rhythmic skills is known to have t-test > t-table or 7.540 >1.980, p = 0.00. In critical thinking t-test > t-table or 4.631 > 1.980, p = 0.00. That is, there is an impact of Javanese dance on improving students’ rhythmic skills and critical thinking (t = 6.575, p = 0.00 < 0.005).
Conclusions. The applied Javanese dance has an impact on improving rhythmic skills (psychomotor aspects) and critical thinking (cognitive aspects).
Village Nuclei Isolation With Optiprep v1
Authors: not provided liv_spina , McDonald Tara , Reed Nora
Published: October 2023

Isolation of nuclei from fresh-frozen brain tissue from sets of multiple (typically 2-20) human donors for analysis as a “cell village” (Wells et al., PMID 36796362) in which nuclei from all donors are analyzed together. Adapted from dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bs99nh96, Luciano G Martelotto, with modifications to optimize for human brain tissue and allow the “cell village” approach.
Village Nuclei Isolation With Myelin Removal v1
Authors: McCarroll Steve , Ling Emi , Goldman Melissa
Published: October 2023

Isolation of nuclei from fresh-frozen brain tissue from sets of multiple (typically 2-20) human donors for analysis as a “cell village” (Wells et al., PMID 36796362) in which nuclei from all donors are analyzed together. Adapted fromdx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.2srged6anddx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bq64mzgw
Nielsen and Ford (2023) M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia v1
Authors: E Nielsen Beatriz , P Ford Christopher
Published: October 2023

This collection contains protocols detailing methods used in Nielsen and Ford (2023) M4-mediated cholinergic transmission is reduced in parkinsonian mice and its restoration alleviates motor deficits and levodopa-induced dyskinesia
Quick-Start Protocol for DNeasy® PowerSoil® Pro Kit v1
Authors: Goller Carlos
Published: October 2023

This protocol will allow users to operate the DNeasy® PowerSoil® Pro Kit.
Western Blot v1
Authors: E Nielsen Beatriz
Published: October 2023

This protocol describes the solutions and steps for performing western blots.
Removal Efficiency for Micro-Polystyrene in Water by the Oil-Based Ferrofluid Employ Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Nizam Natasha , Mohanasunthar Sumithra , A. Azmi Alyza , Tuan Anuar Sabiqah , Ibrahim Yusof Shuaib , Wan Mohd Khalik Wan Mohd Afiq
Published: October 2023

This research article presents a study on the potential use of oil-based ferrofluid for the efficient removal of microplastics from water. The targeted analyte, micro-polystyrene (micro-PS), was chosen along with palm oil as the carrier liquid. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis was conducted to identify the main peaks in the ferrofluid, including carboxyl group (1542 cm-1), C-H bonding (1022 cm-1), CH2 bonding (2941 cm-1), CH3 bonding (3461 cm-1), C=C bonding (1255 cm-1), and Fe-O (597.34 cm-1). A comprehensive investigation of the synergistic effect of six variables was performed: volume of oil (4-15 mL), weight of magnetite nanoparticles (0.1-0.2 g), stirring rate (132-468 rpm), contact time (3-12 min), pH value of water samples (pH 6-8), and effect on ionic strength (0-16 g/L). Response surface methodology, including 26-Plackett-Burman and 24-central composite design, were employed to establish the relationship between the variables. The optimum operational settings proposed by the model were as follows: volume of oil (14.6 mL), weight of magnetite nanoparticles (0.1 g), stirring rate (216 rpm), contact time (3.29 min), pH value of water samples (pH 6-6.5), and effect on ionic strength (16 g/L), resulting in a remarkable removal efficiency of 91.09 ± 0.99%. The method exhibited desirable figures of merit, including a low bias (%RSD) of below 5% and the ability to reuse the ferrofluids for up to five cycles. Additionally, an analytical greenness metric was employed to assess the environmental impact of the sample preparation process, with a green score of 0.69/1.0 (indicating a light green colour). Future work in this field could focus on the scalability of the developed method and its applicability to real-wastewater treatment.
Kajian Terhadap Eis dan Kaedah Kehilangan Berat: Novel Perencat Kakisan Hijau daripada Ekstrak Etlingera Elatior
Authors: Rosli Syahidah Nabila , Othman Norinsan Kamil , Md Zain Ahmad Rifqi
Published: October 2023

Perencatan kakisan berasaskan bahan pengekstrakan tumbuhan telah mendapat perhatian penyelidik sejak beberapa tahun kebelakangan ini disebabkan tidak bertoksik dan biodegredasi. Hasil ekstrak Etlingera elatior telah digunAakan dalam kajian ini sebagai perencat kakisan hijau dalam medium 0.5 M asid hidroklorik (HCl). Dalam kajian ini, bahan ekstrak yang diperoleh telah dicirikan menggunakan analisis spektroskopi inframerah Fourier-transformasi (FTIR) dan spektroskopi jisim-kromatografi gas (GC-MS) untuk mengenal pasti kumpulan berfungsi dan sebatian kimia yang wujud. Keberkesanan bahan ekstrak dalam perencatan kakisan keluli berkarbon rendah telah dikaji melalui ujian kehilangan berat dan ujian impedans (EIS) dalam medium berasid mengikut parameter suhu (25 °C, 45 °C dan 65 °C) dan kepekatan ekstrak (250 ppm, 450 ppm, 650 ppm, 950 ppm dan 1050 ppm) yang berbeza. Spesimen keluli berkarbon rendah dicirikan melalui mikroskop elektron imbasan (SEM) dan serakan x penyebaran tenaga (EDX). Spektroskopi inframerah Fourier-transformasi (FTIR) telah menunjukkan kehadiran kumpulan berfungsi seperti hidroksil dan alkena. Sebatian organik yang mempunyai ikatan π dengan kepadatan elektron tinggi akan memudahkan proses penjerapan. Analisis GC-MS pula mendedahkan empat sebatian utama yang terdapat dalam ekstrak Etlingera elatior iaitu N-asid hexadekanoik, siklododekan, 9,12-asid oktadekadienoik dan asid dodekanoik. Kecekapan perencatan yang diperoleh dari ujian kehilangan berat mendapati bahawa peratusan kecekapan perencatan tertinggi adalah 93.6%, manakala bagi ujian impedans (EIS) adalah 90.5% pada kepekatan 950 ppm. Suhu yang tinggi juga mempercepatkan kadar kakisan dan kecekapan perencatan (IE%) menurun. Morfologi pembentukan lapisan pelindung dilihat pada permukaan berkarbon rendah apabila dengan kehadiran perencat kakisan ekstrak Etlingera elatior. Secara keseluruhannya, perencat kakisan daripada ekstrak Etlingera elatior berupaya menghalang kakisan berlaku disokong pula dengan sifat yang mesra alam.
A New Single Linkage Robust Clustering Outlier Detection Procedures for Multivarite Data
Authors: Syed Abd Mutalib Sharifah Sakinah , Satari Siti Zanariah , Wan Yusoff Wan Nur Syahidah
Published: October 2023

Outliers are abnormal data, and the detection of outliers in multivariate data has always been of interest. Unlike univariate data, outlier detection for multivariate data is insufficient with a visual inspection. In this study, we developed a new single linkage robust clustering outlier detection procedure for multivariate data. A robust estimator, Test on Covariance (TOC) is used to robustified the similarity distance measure, producing robust single linkage clustering. The performance of the new single linkage robust clustering outlier detection procedure is investigated via a simulation study using three outlier scenarios and historical multivariate datasets as illustrative examples. Three performance measures are used, which are pout, pmask, and pswamp. The performance of the new single linkage robust clustering procedure also compared with single linkage clustering using Euclidean and Mahalanobis distances as similarity distance measures as well as TOC. It is found that the new single linkage robust clustering procedure performs well in Outlier Scenario 3 when the mean and covariance matrix are shifted. The new procedure also performs well by successfully detecting all outliers, does not have masking effects in two out of five datasets and does not have swamping effect in all datasets. In conclusion, the new single linkage robust clustering outlier detection procedure is a practical and promising approach and good for simultaneously identifying multiple outliers in multivariate data.
GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN LANDSCAPES IN THE CITY OF POLTAVA
Authors:   Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, Ukraine, HLUKHOTA Vitalii , SHEVCHUK Serhii ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Ukraine
Published: October 2023

Research on urbanization processes and the development of urban landscapes is extremely relevant in the context of political, economic, and socio-cultural reforms that are taking place in modern-day Ukraine. Based on historical patterns, it should be noted that cities have always been at the forefront of social transformation, and urbanization processes reflect profound structural shifts in the economic and social spheres of society. This can be clearly seen in the study of the peculiarities of the formation and development of urban landscapes in Poltava. The complexity, problematic nature, and comprehensiveness of studying modern urban landscapes lie in the fact that the urban space is a territorial complex that includes transportation, recreational, technogenic, anthropogenic, water management, sacred, agricultural landscapes, objects of multi-level residential development, and more. The study of urban landscapes in Poltava will have practical significance for understanding the problems of city development, its economic, social, planning, resource, and infrastructure base. The study highlights the main issues related to the essence of urban landscapes, analyzes contemporary research in the field of general and anthropogenic landscape science, as well as geourbanistics, and indicates its distinction from urban-rural landscapes. The article defines the criteria for distinguishing urban landscapes and proposes its own typology. The physical-geographical and socio-geographical factors influencing the formation of urban landscapes in Poltava are characterized. The classification of urban landscapes in Poltava is carried out using GIS and remote sensing methods, with the use of QGIS software and the dzetsaka plugin. The following types are distinguished: multi-story industrial, low-rise rural with insignificant vegetation cover, low-rise rural with predominant vegetation cover, garden-park with agrolandscapes and aqua-landscapes. Based on the obtained data, the urban landscape zoning of Poltava is carried out, where the following are identified: multi-story industrial and low-rise rural with garden-park and agrolandscapes, multi-story industrial and low-rise rural with insignificant vegetation cover, low-rise rural with insignificant vegetation cover and multi-story rural with garden-park and aqua-landscapes. It is noted that further research on urban landscapes of the city should be conducted using satellite imagery with higher spatial resolution.
Brain Activation Using Brain Gym for Effective Learning
Authors: G. Maheswari  , H. Indu
Published: October 2023

This study attempts to find out the effectiveness of brain activation using brain gym training in learning educational psychology. Brain Gym comprised of six basic exercises that helps to improve cognitive function and learning. It consists of a series of simple body movements that help to cajole the two hemispheres of the brain into working in unison. This is an experimental study that compares the impact of two teaching approaches (brain gym and conventional method). The intervention lasted for two weeks. The post-test-only rotational group design study included 90 students, 45 in the experimental group (Brain gym) and 45 in the control group (Conventional method). To ensure the similarity of the groups an entry level test was conducted and the scores obtained were compared using t test. The data were analysed using SPSS and the results indicated that brain gym had a significant effect on learning.
Effect of Integrated Nitrogen and Mulching on Growth, Yield and Quality Characteristics of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) cv. Palam Samridhi
Authors: Vinay Kumar Mashkey  , T. Chamroy  , Diksha Choudhary  , Mohita Shrivastava  , Jaipinaky Dilip Sengupta
Published: October 2023

Broccoli is an important cole crop, widely grown in India. The excessive use of inorganic fertilizer, resulting in infertility of soil and chemically toxic agricultural by-products, is one of the most limiting factors affecting the quality production and productivity of the crop. To evaluate the effect of different organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and the application of different mulching materials on productivity and quality aspects of broccoli cv Palam Samridhi, the experiment was conducted for two years during 2021-22 and 2022-23. Among the treatments, the highest plant height (36.12cm), leaf length (22.39cm), leaf width (13.30), stem diameter (2.5), plant spread (1687.60cm2), head weight (367.75g), head yield/ha (254.43q/ha), moisture (91.65%), TSS (8.10°B), head dry matter (12.54%) and protein (3.65%) were recorded in treatment N5M2 (50% Nitrogen with Urea (108kg/ha) along with 50% Nitrogen utilizing Poultry Manure (1.5t/ha) and black polythene mulch) and quality traits such as highest chlorophyll (19.83%) in N3M2 (50% N Urea(108kg/ha)+50% N FYM (10t/ha) + Black Polythene mulch). In contrast, Proline (36.58%) were recorded in treatment N4M1 (50% N Urea (108kg/ha) +50% N Vermicompost (4t/ha) + Paddy Straw mulch), which was found superior overall individual treatments and their combination.
Cinnamomum burmannii Suplementation Regulation of the Expression of IFN-γ and TNF-α as Markers of Circulating Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes that Recognize Inflammatory Responses due to High-Intensity Exercise
Authors: Hayati  , Rizkanto Billy Emir , Karimah Dhifa Akhlaqul , Anwar Shinta Nuriyah
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the role of Cinnamomum burmanii supplementation in increasing CD8+ T cells or cytotoxic T cells. It employed the posttest-only control group design. The experimental units in this study were 41 male mouse (Mus musculus) of the BALB/c strain, which were randomly divided into four groups. The first group of 10 mice was a control group that received no treatment. The second group was treated with 200 mg/kg BW of cinnamon extract without exercise. The third group consisted of 10 mice undergoing a high-intensity exercise regimen and receiving a placebo treatment. The fourth group both received the cinnamon supplementation at 200 mg/kg BW and underwent an exercise regimen. The exercise regimen took the form of a regular 7-day-long high-intensity downhill treadmill training with a load of 80-90% of maximum capacity and an inclination angle of -15°. On the 8th day, twelve hours after exercise, the spleen of the mice was taken for a flow cytometric examination to count the numbers of CD8+ T cells and CD8+ T cells expressing IFN-γ and TNF-α. The counts of CD8+ T cells were significantly different among the groups (p = 0.004), with the median value of the control group being 5.79 ± 2.19, in comparison to that of the fourth group (5.23 ± 1.84). There were significant differences in the counts of CD8+ T cells expressing IFN-γ among the groups (p = 0.027), with the median value of the control group being 18.73 ± 11.94, in comparison to that of the fourth group (10.58 ± 3.78). However, the counts of CD8+ T cells expressing TNF-α lacked significant differences among the groups (p = 0.857), with the median value of the control group being 11.61 ± 10.27, in comparison to that of the fourth group (8.86 ± 3.50). In summary, cinnamon supplementation to high-intensity exercise led to significant increases in the relative counts of CD8+ T cells (p = 0.004) and CD8+ T cells expressing IFN- γ (p = 0.027), but it did not show any significant difference in the relative count of CD8+ T cells expressing TNF-α.
Evaluation of Biological Control of Sorghum Strains Using Bacillus Thuringiensis and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Under Drought Stress
Authors: Heiba Samy A. A. , El-Demerdash Ibthal S. , Rashad Shimaa E.
Published: October 2023

Background: Sorghum is an economically significant staple food crop for more than half a billion people in developing nations, especially in arid and semi-arid locations where drought stress is a significant limiting factor. Despite usually being regarded as tolerant, sorghum suffers severely from drought stress, which lowers its productivity and nutritional quality throughout its principal cultivation areas. Objective: Improvements in DNA fingerprinting by ISSRs, SSRs, and RAPD markers have also been employed in sorghum genetic modification (GMOs) to enhance the economic characteristics of this crop. Materials and methods: To provide a natural defence against pests, the most tolerant plants among the seven varieties of sorghum bicolour were selected and planted in the second season of 2020–2021 under treatment with two microorganisms, B. thuringiensis and P. aeruginosa. This study considered seven varieties of sorghum bicolour planted under 50% water deficiency in 2019–2020. Genetic variability analysis of sorghum genotypes was performed using seven Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers, six Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers, and five Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Seven Sorghum bicolour accessions were collected from various regions of Egypt and their phylogenetic relationships were evaluated. Additionally, DNA fingerprinting and analyses of the genetic diversity and evolutionary linkages in the sorghum germplasm employed the (ISSR) molecular marker technique. Results and conclusion: The Fisher Least Significant difference test (LSD) at P < 0.05, based on RAPD, ISSR, and SSR markers demonstrated a significant connection.  The findings demonstrated that 51 bands with a size range of 100–1500 bp and polymorphism percentage of 72.5% were created using five RAPD primers. Seven ISSR primers generated 45 bands With a 57.8(%) polymorphism percentage, ranging in size from 100 to 3000 bp. six SSR primers generated 28 bands with (67.86%) polymorphism percentage of 67.86 %, ranging in size from 100 to 1500 bp. Morphological characteristics and ISSR, SSR, and RAPD analyses were used to group the UPGMA Dendrogram into groups. Jaccard's coefficient was used to analyse the genetic similarity matrix. The maximum similarity was observed for ISSR between Hybrid Sh1 and Hybrid Sh306 (0.984%), SSR between Hybrid Sh306 and Sudan grass (0.964%), and RAPD between Giza 15 and Indian Millet (0.706%). The classification of sorghum germplasm, breeding initiatives, and conservation efforts rely heavily on the determination of the genetic diversity among sorghum species. Identification of genetic variants, morphological features, and genetic analysis of ISSR, SSR, and RAPD are useful techniques. These findings demonstrate a large ratio of variation in sorghum. This work could serve as a guide for future research on sorghum and aid in the understanding of species and breeding initiatives.
Application of the K-Means Method for Clustering Capture Fisheries Products in North Aceh with A Data Mining Approach
Authors: Nurdin  , Bustami  , Rini Meiyanti  , Amalia Fahada  , Marleni
Published: October 2023

North Aceh is one of the districts that has great potential in the maritime and fisheries sector, because part of the North Aceh region is a supplier of captured fisheries products. The problem with this research is that there is no model of a clustering system for captured fisheries products in North Aceh District, so it will be difficult to determine which areas produce superior and non-superior types of fish. This research aims to classify captured fishery results for the 2021-2022 period using the K-Means algorithm with a Data Mining approach to determine superior and non-superior fish types. Therefore, this research can help a little in providing information about the types of fish that are superior and not superior or the types of fish that are most numerous and the types of fish that appear the least at fishing ports in North Aceh District. The stages carried out in this research started from compiling research instruments and literature review, data collection and analysis, designing a clustering system model and implementing the system. This research produces 2 clusters, namely cluster 1 is superior fish and cluster 2 is non-superior fish. The K-Means algorithm with a Data Mining approach can be used to group types of capture fishery products at fishing ports in North Aceh District.
Endocrine Autoimmunity in Association with Female Infertility
Authors: R Varma Poornima , A Josephine Josephine A , S Pillai Anitha , P Kalaiselvi P , S Kumar Saravana Kumar S , K R  Renjith Renjith KR , S Parvathy Parvathy S , V Surekha Surekha V , N Simi Simi N , K Sindhu Sindhu K , Roy Dinesh Roy D
Published: October 2023

Infertility is the inability to conceive after a year of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, affecting 10-15% of couples. Advanced age, obesity, and certain medications can hinder fertility. Endocrine autoimmunity is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to female infertility, often complicating various gynecological conditions. Autoimmune issues involving the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal glands, and ovaries can impact fertility. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for diagnosing infertility, with a crucial focus on identifying potential endocrine disorders. Here we discuss how to identify endocrine autoimmune patients with ovulatory dysfunction. Women must be advised about limiting factors to be avoided, to protect their fertility. A comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms, coupled with appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, is crucial for effectively managing this complex condition and helping women achieve their reproductive goals.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF BUILDINGS TODAY
Authors: Šmate Līga , Cūkmačs Arturs , Pleikšnis Staņislavs
Published: October 2023

Nowadays, we hear the words energy efficiency and zero energy building more and more often. The concept of zero-energy building and energy-efficient building is becoming the goal of building design. Sustainable construction, which includes proper methods, materials, technologies, can ensure environmentally friendly use of natural resources and mitigation of global warming. Construction is an industry that does not stand still and almost all the time we see the construction of new buildings, the renovation of existing buildings, etc., but do these buildings meet modern standards? The authors will perform the necessary calculations to find out to what extent a real construction object meets modern requirements and how the energy efficiency of this object could be further improved.
DATABASE USAGE IN SEMANTIC ONTOLOGIES
Authors: Zeps Daniēls , Zarembo Imants , Kodors Sergejs
Published: October 2023

Semantic ontology languages are a way for experts to write down their knowledge in a commonly accepted way, it allows information to be understood by humans and machines. However, ontology tools do not provide the ability to use this data in a database for geodata-based analysis easily. The project is focused on ontology web language (OWL) usage for web content generation for business-to-business communication using geodata analysis. This specific paper is focused on selecting a database that could support the ontology tools. In the research scope, different databases were checked (relationship, document, and graph databases). In conclusion, graph databases were the most similar to the structure of the ontology, so it was chosen to use Neo4j as the database.
Transitional meningioma benign who grade 1 tumor-A case and review of the literature
Authors: Jagtap Sunil V , Sarkar Loknath Srimanto , Jagtap Shubham S
Published: October 2023

Transitional meningioma (TM) is an uncommon benign meningioma. Transitional meningioma is a WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the coexistence of meningothelial cells and fibrous architectural patterns.

A35 year female presented with history of intermittent fever, headache of 1 month duration. And since last 2 days with altered level of consciousness and vomiting.

: MRI of the brain was performed using TI weighted spin echoI2 weighted turbo spin echo and turbo Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery: FLAIR diffusion sequences. It showed a large, lobulated, enhancing lesion in right fronto-temporal region, along right greater wing of sphenoid suggestive of meningioma. Surgical excision of tumor was done. On histopathology showed a benign tumor consists of meningothelial and fibrous proliferation. The meningothelial cells were arranged in fascicles, with the fibroblastic tumor in syncytial pattern. The nuclei were round, uniform without nucleoli. The chromatin was fine and open. The tumor cells were spindle having abundant pink cytoplasm, indistinguishable cell membranes and bland nuclear features. Mitotic figures and atypia were absent .Scattered Psammoma bodies were noted. Histopathological diagnosis was gives as benign WHO grade 1 tumor- transitional meningioma.

Due to enhanced and improved imaging, histopathological techniques the increased incidence of meningiomas is observed and it will be helpful for better outcomes of patients. We are presenting this case of transitional meningioma benign tumor WHO grade1for its clinical, radioimaging and histopatholgical findings.
Reporting breast fine needle aspiration cytology using the international academy of cytology Yokohama system: Experience in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Dhandapani Karthik , Shankaralingappa Sunitha , Patel Trupti , Vanik Sangita , Nagarjun B R , Sundarajan Udaya
Published: October 2023

: In developing countries for all palpable breast lesions, Fine needle aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) is the most suitable test as FNAB is minimally invasive and cost-effective.

The present study was undertaken to categorise the Breast Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) samples according to the IAC Yokohama system of reporting and to assess the Risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category as well as to elucidate other quality indicators of the Breast FNAB.

: Among the total 102 cases in which FNAC were performed, 9 were insufficient/ inadequate (8.80%), 11 were benign (10.80%), 5 were atypical (4.95%), 3 were suspicious (2.95%) and the rest 74 FNACs were malignant (72.5%). ROM of insufficient/inadequate, benign, atypical, suspicious and malignant ware 37.5%, 0%, 50%, 100% and 100% respectively. Absolute sensitivity (only category V) was 90.1 and complete sensitivity (including category III to V) was 96.3%. Specificity of IAC Yokohama system is 100% when considering category 5 as positive and is 88.9% when considering category 3 to 5 as positive.

: The IAC Yokohama Reporting System for breast cytology has high sensitivity, specificity. The ROM in our study done in Indian population ware comparable to the proposed IAC Yokohama system which suggests the IAC Yokohama system has high reproducibility and can be applied in Indian population. Usage of FNAC for the evaluation of breast lumps and categorization based on the Yokohama system helps in ideal management of the patient, reducing the requirement of core needle biopsy.
Assessment of programmed cell death ligand- 1 (PD-L1) expression in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma - An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Pachpande Priyanka S , Mandale Mandakini S , Bhavthankar Jyoti D , Humbe Jayanti G , Zanwar Poonam
Published: October 2023

OSCC is multifactorial and is a multistep process. It may arise de-novo or may be preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders(OPMD). During malignant transformation certain molecular changes are evident at cellular level even in the absence of phenotypic changes in the tissue. With the recent advances in molecular understanding of cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been recognized as perpetrators or supporters in the pathophysiology of various cancers. One of the main immunosuppressive pathways is the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in which there is an interaction between T-cell PD-1 receptor and PD-L1 on cancer cells. Upregulation of PD-L1 is associated with disease progression.

To assess and compare the PD-L1 expression in OPMD and OSCC.

64 Paraffin embedded tissue sections of histopathologically diagnosed cases of 32 OSCC and 32 OPMD were immunohistochemically stained with PD-L1 & its membranous expression was evaluated. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied.

Thus the study showed 100 % PD-L1 positive expression in OSCC and PD-L1 expression increased with increase in histopathological. In case of OPMD 93.74 % showed positive PD-L1 expression. We found PDL1 expression is significantly higher in OSCC (Mean= 4.59 ± 1.965) compared to OPMD (Mean= 2.03 ± 1.204).

Assessment of PD-L1 expression in OPMD patients will help us to screen the subjects with or without risk of malignant transformation as increase in PD-L1 expression signifies the increased risk of malignant change.
Histopathological spectrum of fungal infections in COVID 19 cases – A retrospective observational study
Authors: Mishra Shilpa , Patkar Rakesh Rajiv
Published: October 2023

A wide range of fungal and bacterial infections are associated with Corona virus disease (COVID19). There was a surge of mucormycosis during COVID19 pandemic in 2021. This study elaborates the histopathological findings observed in fungal infections of head and neck in COVID 19 patients.

A retrospective observational study of histopathological findings of invasive fungal infection in COVID 19 case was conducted in our laboratory. All the tissue samples diagnosed as post COVID fungal infections during January 2021 to June 2021 were analyzed. Representative sections were taken and slides were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Periodic Acidic Schiff (PAS) and Gomori Methenamine silver (GMS) stains. Histopathological features were studied.

There were total 32 cases which had invasive fungal infections associated with COVID 19. The most affected age group was 31 to 50 years of age (50%), with male preponderance (87.5%). Diabetes was present in 62.5% cases, and steroid use during the treatment was present in 31.3% of the cases. The most common site was maxillary sinus (53.1%) followed by nasal cavity (34.4%). Isolated infection by mucor was seen in 68.8% cases, there were cases of secondary bacterial infection and candida with aspergillus infection. Angioinvasion was present in 56.3% cases and bone destruction in 15.6% cases.

COVID 19 infection results in immune dysregulation and background of diabetes and over use of steroids increases risk of mucormycosis. An early histopathological diagnosis provides early diagnosis.
Revisitation of thyroid lesions in natives from hilly region: A four years perspective
Authors: Thakur Brijesh , Bhateja Jyotsna , Kaushik Sanjay , Acharya Seema
Published: October 2023

Clinically palpable thyroid nodules pose a challenge in diagnosis and management for surgeons and pathologists as thyroid malignancies may show overlapping characteristics with their benign counterparts in terms of physical characteristics, hormonal levels and imaging details. This study was aimed to revisit the spectrum of thyroid lesions in surgically resected specimens, their clinicopathological characteristics and to compare the cytological and imaging findings in discrepant cases.

The present retrospective study retrieved a total of 69 cases of thyroid resection specimens with available relevant demographic, clinicoradiological and cytological findings. The histopathological diagnosis was considered gold standard.

Colloid goitre (37.7%) and papillary carcinoma (17.4%) were found to be the commonest non-neoplastc and neoplastic lesions respectively. Peak incidence in 20-40 years of age group and M:F ratio of 1:3.6 in overall thyroid disorders was noted. 08 discrepent cases were observed while comparing histological diagnosis with radiological and /or cytological findings.

Histopathological diagnoses were in agreement with imaging findings and /or FNAC results in most of the cases, however, patients with indeterminate or suspicious FNAC results, need to be followed-up for early surgical intervention if required.