bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento científico, conocimientos heterogéneos y construcción de paz: hacia una agenda de investigación sobre políticas y gobernanza del conocimiento en transiciones hacia la paz
Authors: Balanzó Alejandro , Nupia Carlos Mauricio , Centeno Juan Pablo
Published: June 2020

¿Cómo pueden ser más provechosas las relaciones entre fuentes heterogéneas de conocimiento –entre ellas el científico– para la construcción de paz? Tras un breve estado del arte para nutrir la discusión, el artículo aborda la pregunta construyendo sobre el concepto de diversidad epistémica. Se propone una heurística analítica comprensiva, fundamentada en ejercicios académicos previos, que categoriza: 1) niveles de gestión y aprovechamiento del conocimiento, 2) tipos y naturaleza del conocimiento en juego y 3) productos de conocimiento para la paz. Este texto describe y discute los artículos que hacen parte del presente dossier a la luz de tales referentes y sitúa algunos puntos de interés para una agenda de investigación: 1) expandir la reflexión sobre el conocimiento sobre o para la paz; 2) profundizar en los fenómenos de interacción entre la ciencia y otros tipos de conocimiento, lo que toca diversos repertorios, campos y niveles de interacción y modos de encuentro; y 3) retroalimentar el acervo teórico disponible en torno a la gobernanza de conocimientos heterogéneos en contextos transformativos, con especial atención a la teoría y prácticas de política pública en ciencia, tecnología e innovación.
Pratiques De Tableaux De Bord Dans Les PME : Une Etude Des Caracteristiques Et Raisons Dâ€™utilisation En CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire
Authors: Seydou Tuo KatiÃ©nÃ©foa
Published: June 2020

Lâ€™objectif de cet article est de comprendre les caractÃ©ristiques des tableaux de bord des PME ivoiriennes et les raisons de leur utilisation. Une Ã©tude qualitative exploratoire sur un Ã©chantillon de 21 PME rÃ©vÃ¨le diverses caractÃ©ristiques et raisons dâ€™utilisations ou non des tableaux de bord. Les rÃ©sultats ont montrÃ© deux types dâ€™entreprises. Celles dont les dirigeants affirment utiliser un TDB et celles dont les dirigeants ne lâ€™utilisent pas Ã  priori. Pour les premiÃ¨res entreprises, les tableaux de bord utilisÃ©s sont rÃ©actifs avec une frÃ©quence de production pouvant aller du mensuel Ã  lâ€™annÃ©e. Et un dÃ©lai dâ€™un jour en temps rÃ©el Ã  un mois. Ils sont utilisÃ©s pour le suivi des activitÃ©s, entrainer la compÃ©tition entre les employÃ©s, lâ€™efficacitÃ© et lâ€™obligation de rÃ©sultat et la cohÃ©sion entre la hiÃ©rarchie et les opÃ©rationnels. Pour lessecondes entreprises, contrairement Ã  lâ€™affirmation des membres des Ã©quipes dirigeantes enquÃªtÃ©s, le TDB existe sous forme physique en compte de rÃ©sultat ou sous forme invisible dans le cognitif du dirigeant. Ils perÃ§oivent lâ€™outil comme rÃ©servÃ© aux grandes entreprises, au dÃ©veloppement de leur activitÃ©. Les pratiques informelles coexistent avec les pratiques formelles. Ce rapport serait en partie lâ€™effet des empreintes de la culture dâ€™oralitÃ© des peuples africains.
The purpose of this article is to understand the forms that dashboards take in an SME context and the reasons for their use. A qualitative exploratory study on a sample of 21 SMEs reveals various forms and reasons for using dashboards or not. The results showed two types of businesses. Those whose leaders claim to use a dashboards and those who do not use it a priori. For the first companies, the dashboards used are reactive with a production frequency that can range from monthly to year. And from one day in real time to one month. They are used for monitoring activities, training competition between employees, efficiency and the obligation to achieve results, and cohesion between the hierarchy and operational staff. For the second companies, contrary to the assertion of the members of the surveyed management teams, this exists in physical form in income statement or in invisible form in the managerâ€™s cognitive. They perceive the tool as reserved for large companies, for the development of their activity. Informal practices coexist with formal practices. This report would be in part the effect of the imprints of the oral culture of the African peoples.
Modelling and Forecasting Electricity Demand for Commercial and Industrial Consumers in Kenya to 2035
Authors: Njeru Grace , Gathiaka John , Kimuyu Peter
Published: June 2020

Commercial and industrial consumers are the largest users of electrical energy in Kenya. They play a central role in driving electricity demand by contributing to over 70% of the electricity demand in the country. Despite their consumption of electricity being the highest, there is a gap on the drivers of their demand. There are significant deviations between past official forecasts and actual putting into question the official forecast assumptions.This study adressed this gap by estimating the drivers of commercial and industrial electricity demand.The drivers included supply side constraints represented by hydro inflows hence contributing to literature. A demand forecast upto to the year 2035 was also undertaken and compared with the official forecast. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method and time series data from 1985 to 2016 was used in undertaking the analysis. The results indicated that commercial and industrial consumersâ€™ electricity demand is income elastic. Other drivers include efficiency, electricity price and hydro inflows. A projection of the demand indicated the official forecast could be overstated and may need to be reviewed.
PMO Typologies and Functions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zouheir El Yacoubi , Rachid Jahidi
Published: June 2020

In order to contribute to the development of knowledge about PMO, a systematic review has been conducted using several search engines. Based on specific criterion, several articles were selected for analysis. The thematic analysis method has been used to analyze and synthesize all the data collected. The results of this study have allowed to draw a time line evolution of PMO along with the main periods that characterize it. Moreover, it showed the existence of multiple forms of PMO that could be implemented by organizations and that can be associated to specific functions. It is a clear indication of the existence of diversified opinions about PMO in terms of typologies and functions. Each organization must focus much more on determining the role that the PMO will play and try to adapt its functions and responsibilities to fulfill its needs and be able to ensure positive impact. Simply put, in order to participate in performance improvement, the PMO implementation must be done with a perfect consideration of the organization characteristics.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Innovativeness in Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises: The Moderating Effect of Environmental Dynamism
Authors: Mkalama Benedict Wandera , Ndemo Elijah Bitange , Maalu Jackson Kivui , Pokhariyal Ganesh P.
Published: June 2020

In spite of firm innovativeness being identified as essential for firm performance and growth, there exists a dearth of studies that relate entrepreneurial orientation and firm innovativeness in manufacturing small and medium enterprises in Kenya. A cross sectional survey approach was adopted to study this effect. Environmental dynamism as a moderating variable was identified as affecting the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm innovativeness in this model. The unit of analysis was the manufacturing small and medium enterprise firm within Nairobi County, Kenya. Stratified Random Sampling was applied to obtain 363 samples, followed by a series of descriptive and inferential analysis on the collected data. Entrepreneurial orientation was confirmed as having a significant effect on firm innovativeness. It was further confirmed that environmental dynamism had a moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm innovativeness. The study recommends further studies for the construct of innovativeness in small and medium enterprises. It further recommends that active decision-making on the basis of internal and external circumstances are very important for a firm to be innovative. The study also recommends a raft of policy considerations that seek to address the diffusion of innovation across various enterprises segments.
Contribution Du Management Par La QualitÃ© A Lâ€™Ã©tude SystÃ©mique Des Dimensions De La RÃ©forme Administrative: Revue De LittÃ©rature Et Proposition Dâ€™un ModÃ¨le Conceptuel Pour Le Service Public
Authors: Haddad Abdelmajid , Mssassi SaÃ¯d , Makkaoui Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Le prÃ©sent article a pour objectif dâ€™analyser la contribution du management par la qualitÃ© Ã  la rÃ©forme administrative. Le choix mÃ©thodologique consiste en une synthÃ¨se thÃ©orique des modÃ¨les de la qualitÃ© de service ainsi quâ€™une analyse documentaire et thÃ©orique des expÃ©riences des Etats en matiÃ¨re de la RÃ©forme. La complexitÃ© de celle-ci nâ€™Ã©tait pas maÃ®trisÃ©e par les modÃ¨les de RÃ©forme adoptÃ©s depuis un demi-siÃ¨cle. Toutefois, le modÃ¨le du New Public Management a bÃ©nÃ©ficiÃ© largement du management par la qualitÃ© et de son approche systÃ©mique pour atteindre les rÃ©sultats escomptÃ©s. Ceci a dÃ©montrÃ© quâ€™il existe une relation entre le management par la qualitÃ© et la maÃ®trise de la rÃ©forme administrative. Ce faisant, par une synthÃ¨se thÃ©orique et selon une approche systÃ©mique, cet article propose un modÃ¨le conceptuel permettant de comprendre comment Quatre dimensions qualitatives du service public influencent la satisfaction du citoyen-client. Cette satisfaction aide Ã  harmoniser la relation entre les parties prenantes de la RÃ©forme Ã  savoir : les managers publics, les hommes politiques et les citoyens-clients. GrÃ¢ce Ã  cette harmonisation, le management par la qualitÃ© favorise la maÃ®trise de la complexitÃ© de la RÃ©forme et conduit ainsi Ã  sa rÃ©ussite. Ceci est exprimÃ© sous forme de cinq hypothÃ¨ses qui complÃ¨tent ce modÃ¨le.
This paper focuses on analysing the contribution of quality management to the administrative reform. The methodological choice consists of a theoretical synthesis of the models of quality of service as well as a documentary and theoretical analysis of the experiences of the States with regard to the Reform. The complexity of this was not mastered by the Reform models adopted for half a century. However, the New Public Management model has benefited greatly from quality management and its systemic approach to achieve the expected results. This demonstrated that there is a relationship between quality management and mastery of administrative reform. In doing so, through a theoretical synthesis and according to a systemic approach, this article proposes a conceptual model making it possible to understand how Four qualitative dimensions of public service influence the satisfaction of the citizen-client. This satisfaction helps to harmonize the relationship between the stakeholders of the Reform, namely: public managers, politicians and citizen-clients. Thanks to this harmonization, quality management promotes mastery of the complexity of the Reform and thus leads to its success. This is expressed in the form of four hypotheses which complete this model.
Analyse De Lâ€™efficacitÃ© Allocative Et Economique Des SystÃ¨mes Dâ€™Ã©levage Bovin Au Nord-Est Du BÃ©nin
Authors: Gounou Mohamed Kora , Yabi Jacob Afouda
Published: June 2020

Le niveau dâ€™efficacitÃ© allocative et Ã©conomique des systÃ¨mes dâ€™Ã©levage bovin des communes de KalalÃ© et de Gogounou au Nord BÃ©nin a Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ© dans ce travail. Reposant sur les donnÃ©es dâ€™enquÃªtes, il mesure les scores dâ€™efficacitÃ© des systÃ¨mes dâ€™Ã©levage. Pour y parvenir, une typologie faisant ressortir trois modes de pratiques dâ€™Ã©levage bovin a Ã©tÃ© faite et vise une prÃ©sentation explicite des scores dâ€™efficacitÃ© allocative et Ã©conomique des systÃ¨mes Ã©tudiÃ©s. Les diffÃ©rents intrants de lâ€™Ã©levage bovin sont utilisÃ©s dans un modÃ¨le translog stochastique et estimÃ© par le frontier 4.1. Il ressort de lâ€™estimation que les systÃ¨mes dâ€™Ã©levage de la zone ont un score dâ€™efficacitÃ© allocative de 42,79%. Ce score montre lâ€™importance de lâ€™allocation des ressources dans la production bovine des deux communes. Lâ€™efficacitÃ© Ã©conomique du systÃ¨me montre un score de 34,01%. Ce score montre la performance du systÃ¨me Ã  travers les techniques dâ€™Ã©levage et dâ€™allocation des ressources. Les pratiques traditionnels, modernes, et commerciales dâ€™Ã©levage ont respectivement un score dâ€™efficacitÃ© Ã©conomique moyen de 15,03% ; de 0,42% et de 7,49%. Les rÃ©sultats de lâ€™Ã©tude mettent en Ã©vidence le faible niveau dâ€™efficacitÃ© Ã©conomique des systÃ¨mes dâ€™Ã©levage. Tout cela montre lâ€™intÃ©rÃªt que reprÃ©senterait une politique de formation sur lâ€™usage des facteurs de production en Ã©levage bovin.
The level of allocative and economic efficiency of cattle farming systems in the communes of KalalÃ© and Gogounou in northern Benin was assessed in this work. Based on survey data, it measures the efficiency scores of farming systems. To achieve this, a typology highlighting three modes of cattle rearing practices was made and aims at an explicit presentation of the allocative and economic efficiency scores of the systemsstudied. The different inputs from cattle farming are used in a stochastic translog model estimated by the frontier 4.1. It is estimated that the farming systems in the area have an allocative efficiency score of 42.79%. This score shows the importance of resource allocation in beef production in the two municipalities. The economic efficiency of the system shows a score of 34.01%. This score shows the performance of the system through breeding techniques and resource allocation. Traditional, modern, and commercial animal husbandry practices have an average economic efficiency score of 15.03%, respectively; 0.42% and 7.49%. The results of the study highlight the low level of economic efficiency of farming systems. All this shows the value of a training policy on the use of production factors in beef farming.
Les Performances Agro-Economiques De Lâ€™urÃ©e Super GranulÃ© : Cas Du Riz Au SÃ©nÃ©gal
Authors: Faye Babacar , Sow Sadibou , Fall Mamadou Diouf , Wade Bachir
Published: June 2020

Le riz est lâ€™aliment de base des sÃ©nÃ©galais. Cependant sa production nationale est infÃ©rieure Ã  la demande. La production du riz donne des rendements de 7 Ã  8 t/ha dans la vallÃ©e du Fleuve SÃ©nÃ©gal avec une utilisation de grandes quantitÃ©s dâ€™urÃ©e. Dans cette Ã©tude, nous comparons les performances agronomiques et Ã©conomiques de lâ€™application de lâ€™urÃ©e suivant deux technologies : la technique du placement profond de lâ€™urÃ©e et lâ€™Ã©pandage Ã  la volÃ©e de lâ€™urÃ©e. Un dispositif expÃ©rimental en blocs complets randomisÃ©s est utilisÃ© avec quatre niveaux de fertilisation (T1 : 113 kg / ha dâ€™urÃ©e super granulÃ© (USG) de 1,8 g soit 52 kg N / ha ; T2 : 170 kg / ha dâ€™urÃ©e super granulÃ© (USG) de 2,7g soit 78 kg N / ha; T3 : 226 kg / ha dâ€™urÃ©e super granulÃ© (USG) de 3,6g (2 USG de 1,8g) soit 104 kg N / ha et T4 : 300 kg / ha dâ€™urÃ©e ordinaire soit 138 kg N / ha.). Les rÃ©sultats montrent que la technologie du placement profond de lâ€™urÃ©e permet dâ€™obtenir des rendements plus Ã©levÃ©s (T3 : 7582 kg/ha ; T2 : 7082 kg/ha et T1 : 5441 kg/ha) que celui enregistrÃ© avec lâ€™Ã©pandage Ã  la volÃ©e de lâ€™urÃ©e T4 (5375 kg/ha). Lâ€™analyse Ã©conomique a montrÃ© un taux marginal de rentabilitÃ© de 1063% en prenant comme rÃ©fÃ©rence la fertilisation actuellement pratiquÃ©e.
Rice is the staple food of Senegalese people. However, its domestic production is below demand. Rice production yields 7 to 8 t/ha in the Senegal River Valley with the use of large amounts of urea. In this study, we compare the agronomic and economic performance of urea application using two technologies: the technique of deep placement of urea and the application of urea on the fly. An experimental device in randomized complete blocks is used with four fertilization levels (T1: 113 kg/ha of super granulated urea (USG) of 1.8 g or 52 kg N/ha; T2: 170 kg/ha of super granulated urea (USG) of 2.7g or 78 kg N/ha; T3: 226 kg/ha of super granulated urea (USG) of 3.6g (2 USG of 1.8g) or 104 kg N/ha and T4: 300 kg / hectare of ordinary urea or 138 kg N/ha.). The results show that deep urea placement technology provides higher yields (T3: 7582 kg/ha; T2: 7082 kg/ha and T1: 5441 kg/ha) than that recorded with the on-the-fly application of T4 urea (5375 kg/ha). The economic analysis showed a marginal rate of return of 1063% using the current fertilization as a reference.
Learning Logs: The Effect of Incorporating Write-to-Learn Assignments on Promoting Learning and Retention of Information in a Phonology Course
Authors: Ayoub Nawal Nabih
Published: June 2020

This paper examines the role of learning logs in promoting learning, retaining information, and improving test scores through writing in a phonology course. At first, this study aims at showing how the difficulties of phonology concepts and pronunciation teaching for university students create problems in content comprehension. The preliminary study used an experimental design, a true experiment, to examine the data and validate the results of using different learning logs as one technique of the Write-to-Learn (WTL) approach which aims at improving the students' learning outcomes. A total of 30 students sharing a similar social and educational background were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The work group of the present research consists of 15 students who were given several learning log assignments during the Summer semester while the control group, also made up of 15 students, was given the course without any log assignments. A pre-post-test was conducted to both groups in order to find out whether both groupsâ€™ knowledge about phonology and pronunciation teaching developed throughout the semester. Four tests were administered to both groups in a period of five weeks in the semester. The findings of the study indicate that EFL students in the experimental group at LIU (Lebanese International University) outperformed their counterparts in the control group concerning the retention of the key conceptual knowledge, and the content comprehension of course concepts. A statistical analysis of exam scores on learning log indicator variables shows that learning logs increase content comprehension and improve test scores.
Lâ€™impact du PhÃ©nomÃ¨ne de RÃ©cupÃ©ration dâ€™objets dans les DÃ©pÃ´ts dâ€™ordures sur la SantÃ© des Enfants Ã Yopougon, CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire
Authors: Joceline-Boli Agbadou Nakpon
Published: June 2020

Lâ€™Ã©tude cherche Ã  dÃ©crire le phÃ©nomÃ¨ne de rÃ©cupÃ©ration dâ€™objets chez les enfants dans les dÃ©pÃ´ts dâ€™ordures Ã  Yopougon et son impact sur leur santÃ© physique. Lâ€™hypothÃ¨se postule que les insuffisances dans le systÃ¨me de gestion des ordures des quartiers favorisent la prolifÃ©ration de dÃ©pÃ´ts dâ€™ordures dans lesquels les enfants rÃ©cupÃ©rateurs dâ€™objets sâ€™exposent Ã  des problÃ¨mes de santÃ©. La comprÃ©hension de ce travail convoque la thÃ©orie de la modernisation. Des observations, questionnaires et entretiens ont permis de recueillir les donnÃ©es dont lâ€™analyse indique que les enfants rÃ©cupÃ©rateurs dâ€™objets dans les dÃ©pÃ´ts dâ€™ordures subissent directement de nombreuses consÃ©quences et sâ€™exposent Ã  divers autres risques de santÃ©.
This paper focuses on describing the phenomenon of recovery of objects by children from garbage dumps in Yopougon and its impact on their physical health. The hypothesis postulates that the inadequacies in the neighbourhood waste management systemfavours the proliferation of garbage dumps, whereby children picking up objects expose themselves to health problems. An understanding of this study brings up the theory of modernization. Observations, questionnaires, and interviews were used for data collection. The findings of the study show that children recovering objects from garbage dumps directly suffer numerous consequences and are exposed to various health risks.
Nationalism in Badr Shaker Al-Sayyabâ€™s Revolutionary Poetry and its Influence on Arabic Poetry
Authors: Hassanin Shaimaa
Published: June 2020

This paper contends that Badr Shaker Al-Sayyabâ€™s use of mythical and symbolic figures shows the impact of foreign and Arabic poetry on the history of humanity. It Appears that Al-Sayyab restored the ancient mythologies of his nation and exchanged this them with Anglo-American culture to handle the praxis of life and reflect the verifiable circumstances of the Middle East, particularly that of his nation, Iraq. This paper reevaluates Al-Sayyabâ€™s poetry from a different perspective which reflects the socio-political unsetting within the Middle East. Al-Sayyab does not essentially duplicate Eliotâ€™s methods, symbolism and themes. Rather, he mixes them with his legendary vision to form a wealthy and widespread national poetry without neglecting or sacrificing the national orientations of his poems. The relationship between Al-Sayyab and other poets is one of subversion and alterations; not essentially one of a simple ongoing impact. Al-Sayyab progressed the myths utilized by Eliot and other poets and changed them to modernize his poetry. Critically, he utilizes myth in an organized and systematic way to compare the current subjects of his lyrics against inaccessible and legendary ones.
Neuroanatomical interpretation of Peter Paul Rubensâ€™s copy of ,,The Battle of Anghiariâ€™â€™ by Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Keshelava Grigol
Published: June 2020

The object of this research is a drawing by Peter Paul Rubens, a copy of ,,The Battle of Anghiariâ€™â€™ performed by Leonardo da Vinci in 1503-1506. This work, dating from 1603, was based on an engraving of 1553 by Lorenzo Zacchia, which was taken from a cartoon by Leonardo da Vinci. The original fresco itself is lost. Since the individual details of the drawing matched the anatomical elements of the human brain we decided to perform an anatomical interpretation. With the help of the program Paint X we were able to move 23 elements of the drawing. The comparison revealed the similarity between the details of the obtained image and the anatomical elements of the brain. Our research shows that the Peter Paul Rubensâ€™s copy of ,,The Battle of Anghiariâ€™â€™ by Leonardo da Vinci is a harmonious mix of Art and Anatomy. We have established that the copy of the lost fresco, which was created six centuries ago, includes double content. By moving 23 details of the drawing in which the battle is depicted, an image is obtained. This image accurately describe the anatomical elements of the brain in the lateral view.
Women under Patriarchy: A Postcolonial Feminist Critique of Wole Soyinkaâ€™s The Lion and the Jewel
Authors: Adhikary Ramesh Prasad
Published: June 2020

This research paper is focused on the exploration of female exploitation in Wole Soyinka's The Lion and the Jewel in the context of postcolonial Nigeria. This paper tries to explore how Wole Soyinka posits postcolonial and feminist rebellion in his play. It explores female suppression and also depicts the failure of postcolonial and feminist resistance to colonial principles. Like colonialists, postcolonialists and feminists overlook the different kinds of injustice and harassments women undergo in the non- Western world, which is also called the Third World. The text also shows how the female suppression and exploitation continues even after the abolition of colonial rule in Nigeria. The researcher has taken the text The Lion and The Jewel of Soyinka as a primary source of data for the qualitative research; and the postcolonial feminism has been used as a theoretical tool for the analysis of the text.
An Investigation of the Information Security Awareness and Practices among Third Level Education Staff, Case Study in Nalut Libya
Authors: Asker Hamida , Tamtam Abdalmonem
Published: June 2020

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is becoming very common throughout society. Therefore, it is a must to protect information assets. In addition to the technological aspect, research continues to confirm the need to enhance security awareness among employees. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that may impact usersâ€™ practice and awareness both in the workplace. Specifically, factors such as policy, behavior, training, knowledge of IT and education were tested. In addition, the second objective of this study is to investigate the information security awareness and practice level among the employees. To achieve the study objectives, a quantitative methodology was applied; specifically a survey instrument was developed to measure if each of the key factors has a significant association within the security awareness and practice in the workplace. 202 usable surveys were collected from higher education employees and analyzed using Bivariate/Pearson Correlation to determine the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The findings of the study revealed that there was a positive correlation between policy, behavior, training, knowledge of IT and education with security awareness and practice These results indicated that security awareness and practice level of employees' in the workplace at the middle level. It is hoped that the present study provides an initial step to focus on security training sessions among higher education employees to reflect new knowledge on the importance of security training to increase the knowledge of information security.
Impact De La Divagation Des Bovins Sur Les Cultures Dans La Ville De Korhogo
Authors: Brou Gatien Konan Gboko , Brou Guy Kouassi , Fofana Seguena , Soro RenÃ© YadÃ©
Published: June 2020

Une Ã©tude a Ã©tÃ© menÃ©e dans la ville de Korhogo en vue de dÃ©terminer lâ€™impact de la divagation des bovins sur les cultures. Pour ce faire, une enquÃªte a Ã©tÃ© menÃ©e auprÃ¨s de 90 cultivateurs et 50 Ã©leveurs. Les rÃ©sultats ont montrÃ© que les Ã©leveurs et les cultivateurs Ã©taient en majoritÃ© des hommes contre une minoritÃ© de femmes. Les principales races de bovins Ã©levÃ©es ont Ã©tÃ© par ordre dâ€™importance les mÃ©tis, les zÃ©bus, les baoulÃ©s et les Nâ€™damas. Le mode dâ€™Ã©levage prÃ©dominant a Ã©tÃ© la divagation oÃ¹ les bovins ont Ã©tÃ© principalement nourris avec le fourrage naturel et abreuvÃ©s dans les cours dâ€™eau. La divagation des bovins dans les champs a entrainÃ© beaucoup de dÃ©gÃ¢ts au niveau des diffÃ©rentes cultures. Les cultures annuelles ont Ã©tÃ© les plus endommagÃ©es suivies des cultures maraÃ®chÃ¨res. Les cultures pÃ©rennes ont Ã©tÃ© moins attaquÃ©es. Les causes des dÃ©gÃ¢ts ont Ã©tÃ© identifiÃ©es aussi bien chez les Ã©leveurs que chez les cultivateurs. Les consÃ©quences ont Ã©tÃ© observÃ©es aussi bien chez les bovins que les cultures. En dÃ©finitive, une sensibilisation serait nÃ©cessaire dans le monde agricole en vue de limiter les dÃ©gÃ¢ts de la divagation des bovins.
A study was carried out in the city of Korhogo to determine the impact of cattle rambling on crops. To do this, a survey was conducted among 90 growers and 50 breeders. The results showed that the majority of breeders and cultivators were men against a minority of women. The main breeds of cattle raised were, in order of importance, the mestizos, the zebus, the baoulÃ©s and the Nâ€™damas. The predominant breeding method was straying where cattle were mainly fed with natural fodder and watered in the rivers. The rambling of cattle in the fields has caused a lot of damage in different crops. Annual crops were the most damaged, followed by vegetable crops. Perennial crops have been less attacked. The causes of the damage have been identified for both breeders and cultivators. The consequences have been observed in both cattle and crops. Ultimately, awareness would be necessary in the agricultural world in order to limit the damage caused by the ramblings of cattle.
Eau De Consommation Et Maladies Hydriques Dans La Commune De Lokossa Au Sud-Ouest De La Republique Du Benin (Afrique De Lâ€™ouest)
Authors: Miriac AhouansÃ¨ SÃ¨nan Dimitri , Noukpo Agossou , Christophe Houssou SÃ¨gbÃ¨
Published: June 2020

Les populations de la commune de Lokossa sont confrontÃ©es au problÃ¨me dâ€™approvisionnement en eau potable. La prÃ©sente Ã©tude porte sur lâ€™influence de lâ€™eau de consommation sur la santÃ© des populations de la commune de Lokossa. Pour rÃ©ussir cette Ã©tude, les sources dâ€™eau ont Ã©tÃ© rÃ©pertoriÃ©es et des Ã©chantillons dâ€™eau ont Ã©tÃ© analysÃ©s du point de vue physicochimique et bactÃ©riologique au laboratoire de la Direction GÃ©nÃ©rale de lâ€™Eau. La recherche documentaire et les investigations socio-anthropologiques ont permis dâ€™avoir les donnÃ©es exploitÃ©es dans cette Ã©tude. Les analyses faites montrent que lâ€™eau consommÃ©e par les populations est souvent polluÃ©e. Les mauvaises pratiques humaines contribuent Ã  la dÃ©gradation de la qualitÃ© de lâ€™eau et au dÃ©veloppement des larves de moustiques. Cette situation est Ã  lâ€™origine des maladies hydriques (diarrhÃ©es et paludisme) qui sÃ©vissent dans le milieu. Il urge donc de mener des politiques et stratÃ©gies concertÃ©es en vue de sensibiliser les populations sur les dangers de leurs mauvaises pratiques sur la santÃ©.
The populations of the commune of Lokossa are confronted to drinking water supply issues. This study focuses on how water consumption affects the health of the populations in the commune of Lokossa. To make this study a success, water sources were identified and a physicochemical and bacteriological analysis was conducted on the samples of water in the laboratory of the General Directorate for Water. The documentary research and socio-anthropological investigations provided the data used in this study. The analysis revealed that the water consumed by the populations is often polluted. Poor human practices contribute to the degradation of the water quality and the development of mosquito larvae. This situation is at the root of the waterborne diseases (diarrhoea and malaria) that prevail in the region. Therefore, concerted policies and strategies must be pursued in order to sensitize the populations on the impacts of their bad practices on health.
Wavelet Analysis: A Links Between the North Atlantic Oscillation andWinter Drought in the MediterraneanWatersheds of theWestern Rif (North Morocco)
Authors: El-Khantoury Ismail , Obda Khalid , Achiban Hassan
Published: June 2020

Morocco in general and the Mediterranean watersheds of the Western Rif in particular, occasionally have been affected by the negative impacts of drought, as demonstrated by the drought of 1944-1945, 1980-1984, 1994-95, 1998-2000, 2004-2005, 2011-12 and 2015-2016. This study aims (1) to identify and characterize the dry winters (DJFM) recorded in the Mediterranean watersheds of theWestern Rif, and (2) to analyse the variability of precipitation in this region over the last few decades in relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The results of this study show that the years 1980- 81, 1994-95, 1999-2000 and 2011-12 recorded the most severe winter drought. In addition, the wavelet coherence values between the NAO index and the SPI winter index (DJFM) for the period (1978-79/2014-15) show a very close relationship between the two variables for all time scales (ranging from 2 to 13 years), especially since the early 1990s. The phase angle shows a negative correlation between the drought index (SPI) and the NAO index.
Manuel Knoll, Antike Griechische Philosophie (“De Gruyter Studium”), De Gruyter, Berlin-Boston 2017, pp. 398, ISBN 978-30-500-4626-6
Authors: Walter Denis
Published: June 2020

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Reativação do Citomegalovírus em Doentes com Sépsis numa Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos em Portugal
Authors: Paixão Paulo , Ramos Patricia , Piedade Cátia , Casado André , Chasqueira Maria
Published: June 2020

Introdução: A reativação do citomegalovírus tem sido considerada um factor de agravamento nos doentes diagnosticados com sépsis nas unidades de Cuidados Intensivos. Os principais objetivos deste estudo consistiram na determinação da reativação do Cytomegalovirus em doentes internados numa unidade de Cuidados Intensivos com diagnóstico de sépsis, e se essa reativação estaria relacionada com a evolução do quadro clínico do doente.Material e Métodos: Na presente investigação foram estudados 22 doentes, internados com o diagnóstico de sépsis na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos do Hospital da Luz. A deteção do ácido desoxirribonucleico do citomegalovírus foi realizada por técnica de polymerase chain reaction em tempo real e as concentrações de nove citocinas (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, e INFγ) foram determinadas através de uma técnica de ELISA Multiplex.Resultados: A reativação ocorreu em oito doentes (36,3%). Não foram encontradas relações entre a reativação do citomegalovírus e o sexo, idade, tempo de permanência na unidade de Cuidados Intensivos, duração da ventilação mecânica e morte do doente. Também não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nas concentrações das citocinas nos doentes com e sem reativação. Contudo, os doentes com reativação do citomegalovírus apresentaram um maior tempo de internamento no hospital desde a entrada na unidade de Cuidados Intensivos até a alta hospitalar ou morte do doente (p = 0,025).Discussão: Apesar da amostra de pequena dimensão, o presente estudo indicia que a reativação é um evento frequente nos doentes diagnosticados com sépsis e que pode estar relacionada com o prolongamento do tempo de permanência no hospital destes doentes.Conclusão: A análise conjunta dos resultados obtidos e da revisão da literatura não apoiam o conceito de que a monitorização do citomegalovírus deva ser implementada na prática clínica, mas parece prudente aguardarem-se por mais ensaios randomizados utilizando profilaxia antiviral, antes de se assumir uma atitude definitiva relativamente ao papel do citomegalovírus na sépsis.
CONSIDERATION OF THE MATARAM RELIGION JUDGES IN DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF MUT'AH AND NAFKAH IDDAH IN DIVORCE (TALAK) CASE, (Case Analysis No. 0041/Pdt.G/2018/Pta.Mtr and No. 0081/Pdt.G/2018/Pta.Mtr)
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin
Published: June 2020

Judges' considerations often do not provide satisfaction and do not provide a sense of justice to the parties. The decision of the judge of the Religious High Court is considered the final place, although it can submit an appeal to the Supreme Court which is the highest institution in the area of ​​the religious court, so the researcher raises this title and formulates the problem that is the direction of the research. This study aims to find out how the judge's judgment and whether the judges of the Mataram High Court in determining the level of mut’ah and livelihood in the divorce case have fulfilled the principles of justice, usefulness, and legal certainty. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques use study decisions, documentation, and interviews. In addition, the data obtained are informants' information, documentation, and are not numbers.

Based on the results of the study, the results obtained are as follows: 1) The consideration of the judges of the Mataram High Court in determining mut’ah levels and iddah livelihoods on divorce cases is observing from work, income, wife who is not incoherent and also to the old wife accompany her husband in fostering a family. 2) whereas regarding the decision of the judges of the Mataram High Court in determining the level of mut’ah and livelihood of the iddah in divorce cases the principles of justice and legal usefulness has not yet been fulfilled, the judge is more focused on the principle of legal certainty and the fulfillment of rights and obligations. However, the amount determined is not in accordance with the sense of justice and certainly will not be fulfilled. In its decision, the judge saw the Law, Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), Islamic Sharia (Al-Qur'an and Hadith), Perma Number 03 of 2017, and Circular of the Supreme Court of Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2017.
RECHTSVINDING METHOD OF JUDGES IN FILLING LEGAL EMPTY "STUDY OF APPROACHES IN LEGAL DISCOVERY"
Authors: Apipuddin Apipuddin
Published: June 2020

One of the important stages in the world of justice is the stage of legal discovery by judges to resolve cases that are being disputed. Many new cases emerge and escape from existing legal rules resulting in a legal vacuum, while judges must not refuse to examine, try and decide on cases that come to them on the grounds of lack of law or unclear regulation. Judges are required to find the law in resolving disputes. On the other hand, the implementation of procedural law shows a formalistic, positivistic, and textualist image, and the condition is assumed to be a part that contributes to the method of legal discovery by judges and the quality of decisions produced. In a pluralistic state of law such as in Indonesia, of course, the legal discovery of justice must be based on the perspective and method of studying legal science. The study must not stop let alone rely only on the perspective of positive legal ansicht. It is important for judges to accommodate perspectives, approaches, theories, rules, and other legal norms such as Islamic Law with the Istinbath Al-Ahkam method and Customary Law with their very varied and characteristic views on the law. The comprehensive review is expected to have an impact on the inclusiveness of judges in harmonizing all approaches and legal systems that apply in their decisions and does not consider the position of the text of the legislation to be final and free from penetration of the interpretation of reason that develops in accordance with the behavior of the community, which is very dynamic.
AN OVERVIEW OF BREAKFAST PATTERNS AND LIFESTYLES ASSOCIATED WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Bharuddin Noorul Faiza Binti Mohamed , Fazlen Ezza
Published: June 2020

Background: Over the past two decades, a high body mass index (BMI) has become the world’s largest public health concern. There have been numerous studies suggesting that breakfast patterns and lifestyle choices are associated with an individual’s BMI. Purpose: This research aims to describe the distribution of breakfast patterns and lifestyle choices according to BMI in Shah Alam, Malaysia. Method: This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The respondents in this study are people who live in Shah Alam, Malaysia, and are between the ages of 18 and 35 years old. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Results: The data shows that the majority of respondents who were obese (28.24%) were non-smokers (14.62%), never drank alcohol (15.95%), had not exercised in the past two weeks (17.28%), slept six to eight hours per day (17.28%), and had a pattern of skipping breakfast (23.92%). On other hand, the majority of respondents who were in the normal BMI range (34.55%) were non-smokers (29.57%), never drank alcohol (30.56%), slept six to eight hours per day (18.94%), and had a pattern of eating breakfast (20.60%). Conclusion: Obesity is more common in people who skip breakfast, as weight gain occurs because of unhealthy food choices made to replace breakfast. An unhealthy lifestyle also contributes to a high BMI, including smoking, alcohol consumption, and a sedentary lifestyle.
JEPANG, IDENTITAS BANGSA DAN AGAMA: MANIFESTASI NILAI TRADISI LOKAL DALAM KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT GLOBAL
Authors: Adha Muhammad Mona , Hidayah Yayuk
Published: June 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi kekuatan akar budaya Jepang baik dari sudut pandang agama dan identitas nasional bangsa Jepang di era globalisasi saat ini. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur (kepustakaan) dengan berpedoman pada sumber utama kemudian melakukan pengumpulan berbagai sumber dokumentasi lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa empat konsep agama atau polytheistic yaitu Hinduisme, Budhisme, Confusianisme, dan Taoisme, dan dua agama monotheistic yaitu Islam dan Kristen merupakan bagian spiritual yang ada di komunitas masyarakat Jepang. Konsep agama di Jepang lebih mengarah kepada ritual yang disebut dengan kan-kon-so-sai, melaui ritual kan-kon-so-sai mereka dapat merasakan kehadiran arwah yang telah meninggal. Hal ini berbeda dengan negara-negara lain di Southeast Asia, bahwa apabila mereka telah menentukan agama yang dianut, maka secara permanen dan totalitas seseorang menjalankan agamanya. Nilai utama berikutnya bagi warga Jepang adalah konsep budaya yang memengaruhi cara berpikir orang Jepang khususnya pertanian. Orang Jepang adalah suatu kesatuan yang dilandasi oleh filosofi pertanian dan sistem kepercayaan ritual yang kuat dengan melihat bahwa ada “other world” dalam nilai ritual orang Jepang dan sangat berbeda dengan agama monotheistic. Implikasi penting dari penelitian ini bahwa Transformasi yang berkembang terkait dengan munculnya masyarakat modern namun terkadang mengganggu nilai-nilai kehidupan tradisional. Modernitas juga dipengaruhi secara seimbang oleh perubahan sosial dimana cara-cara tersebut menghasilkan interaksi yang relatif stabil untuk membentuk hubungan sosial.Kata kunci: Agama, Identitas Bangsa, Jepang, Nilai Tradisi Lokal, Globa
TRADUÇÃO DA BÍBLIA: DESAFIO ANTIGO E NOVO
Authors: Lima Maria De Lourdes Correa
Published: June 2020

A dificuldade do trabalho de tradução da Bíblia transparece já em épocas anteriores à era cristã. Na segunda metade do século II a.C., o prólogo do livro do Sirácida (Eclesiástico) narra o grande esforço que fez o autor para traduzir este livro do hebraico para o grego, como isto lhe exigiu tempo, ciência e dedicação. Simultaneamente, como que antevendo possíveis críticas ao seu trabalho, o autor faz questão de mencionar a dificuldade da língua grega em expressar todas as nuances do texto hebraico; não só a sua tradução mas também outros trabalhos então existentes, que seriam, no caso, o que chamamos de Septuaginta (...)
L'IMPORTANCE DE LA SEPTANTE DANS UNE NOUVELLE ÈRE DE LA CRITIQUE TEXTUELLE
Authors: Lemmelijn Bénédicte
Published: June 2020

L’article traite de deux questions étroitement liées: la compréhension changée de la critique textuelle de la Bible aujourd’hui, et l’étude ainsi que l’interprétation de la Septante (LXX) dans le cadre de cette situation changée. Pendant longtemps le Texte Massorétique (TM) a été considéré comme le témoin principal du texte hébraïque « originel », mais l’attention dédiée à la LXX, la révalorisation des versions anciennes et, surtout, la découverte des manuscrits de la mer Morte, qui constituent des témoins hébraïques bien anterieurs au TM et confirmant quelques fois la LXX, posent la question s’il faut parler d’un texte originel ou d’une convergence de meilleurs témoins. Quant à la LXX, actuellement, on prête attention aux variantes hébraïques sous-jacentes et à l’activité « rédactionnelle » du traducteur. La LXX n’est plus simplement la « ancilla hebraicae veritatis » mais un précieux témoin autonome au sein d’une multiplicité pluriforme de preuves textuelles.
DÊUTERO-ISAÍAS: ENTRE DESOLAÇÃO E CONSOLAÇÃO
Authors: Souza José Neivaldo
Published: June 2020

O objetivo deste estudo não tem a pretensão de uma exposição exaustiva, mas trazer uma reflexão que incentive o entendimento da literatura profética e, particularmente, do texto do Segundo Isaías (40-55). Quanto ao método, foram considerados os lugares a partir dos quais podemos compreender a mensagem do profeta, sua relação com Deus e com o povo de Israel: o lugar literário, histórico-social e teológico. Quem é Deus? Numa linguagem mítico-teológica, o profeta reinterpreta a tradição, fortalece a noção de Deus em relação aos ídolos pagãos e resgata, aos exilados da segunda geração na Babilônia, a esperança numa “nova criação”.
TARGUMIM, AS TRADUÇÕES ARAMAICAS DO ANTIGO TESTAMENTO, E ALGUNS PARALELOS COM O NOVO TESTAMENTO
Authors: De Andrade Aila Luzia Pinheiro , Ribeiro Susie Helena
Published: June 2020

O artigo foi elaborado a quatro mãos, com duas tarefas bem definidas. A primeira, fruto de uma tese de doutorado sobre as traduções da bíblia. A segunda, que se concentra mais nos diversos targumim e nas suas relações com o Novo Testamento, e resultado do Projeto de Pesquisa o “Targum e o Novo Testamento”. O objetivo geral do artigo e mostrar as relações entre as paráfrases aramaicas do texto hebraico e o Novo Testamento. Em ligação estreita com esse objetivo geral, será mostrado como essas traduções são resultado de longo processo de acomodação, revisão e censura e, finalmente, de escrita de uma tradição que se formou ao longo da história. Para isso, serão percorridos os seguintes passos: as três primeiras partes do artigo serão dedicadas à apresentação dos targumim, em seus aspectos gerais. A quarta parte se dedica a mostrar alguns paralelos entre os targumim e alguns textos do Novo Testamento.
Optimization of Extended Surfaces on Tubes of the Radiant Section of Fired Heaters
Authors: Silva Ivan , Colaco Marcelo
Published: June 2020

This paper proposes the use of non-uniform extended surfaces installed externally to the tubes of the radiation section of fired heaters, in order to obtain a better heat flux distribution to the coils. To this end, the heat transfer mechanisms present in such equipment were studied through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), using simplified geometries that represent typical sizes of fired heaters. Also, a simplified model for the combustion was considered. Although this model oversimplifies the physics of the problem, it was able to give satisfactory results for the parameters being optimized, considering the main objective of this paper, that is to minimize the non-uniformity of heat flux in the tubes of the radiant section of fired heaters. It was possible to obtain optimized geometric parameters for different types of extended surfaces evaluated, coupling the results of these models with the Particle Swarm optimization method through the use of a response surface technique,. The results indicate a significant improvement in the uniformity of the heat flux distribution to the tubes through the use of the proposed extended surfaces. Thus, this solution reveals to be an interesting alternative to reduce the risks of fluid degradation and coking formation. Future studies must investigate the non-uniformity of the heat flux due to the presence of the flame and consider the interaction between the reactive flow and the participating medium. Nevertheless, this paper presents some results that justify the optimization of such extended surfaces taking into consideration thermal radiation.
Aplikasi Penggunaan Konsentrat Pemacu Pertumbuhan untuk Penggemukan Sapi Potong di Karanganyar
Authors: Riyanto Joko , Lutojo Lutojo , Sunarto Sunarto
Published: June 2020

KTT Maju Utomo dan Ngudi Berkah Desa Wonorejo Kecamatan Gondangrejo Karanganyar berusaha di bidang penggemukan sapi Simpo dan Limpo. Permasalahan yang dihadapi peternak adalah pertambahan berat badan harian sapi 0,2 kg/ekor/hari. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya peningkatan produksi melakui aplikasi inovasi konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan berbahan pakan lokal. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah aplikasi penggunaan konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan ternak sapi. Tim pengabdian dengan peternak bersama-sama merancang penyelesaian masalah dengan menetapkan upaya penyelesaian masalah melalui penggunaan konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan. Metode penerapan meliputi (1) instruksional dan dialog melalui kegiatan program penyuluhan menggunakan teknik FGD (Focus Group Disscusion), (2) evaluasi kemajuan tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman materi, (3) pelatihan dan penerapan konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan menggunakan mesin mixer, grinder dan chopper, (4) monitoring dan evaluasi berkelanjutan. Kesimpulan aplikasi penggunaan konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan pada usaha penggemukan sapi telah berdampak terhadap mempercepat waktu penggemukan dari 4 bulan menjadi 2 bulan (50%), meningkatkan pertambahan berat badan dari 0,25 kg/ekor/hari menjadi 0,83 kg/ekor/hari (67,8 %), peningkatan pendapatan peternak dari Rp 1.416.000 menjadi Rp 2.376.000 (235,6%), keuntungan yang diperoleh peternak meningkat dari Rp 891.050 menjadi Rp 1.390.450 (56%). Penggunaan inovasi konsentrat pemacu pertumbuhan mampu meningkatkan produksi dan memaksimalkan potensi genetis unggul sapi silangan serta meningkatkan pendapatan peternak.