bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) Disclosure Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan
Authors: Nugroho Naufal Adi , Hersugondo Hersugondo
Published: January 2023

This case study discusses the effect of Environmental Disclosure (EVN), Social Disclosure (CSR), Governance Disclosure (CG) and Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) disclosure on company performance, using control variables including asset turnover and asset growth. The variables that will be used in this study are the dependent variable (Return on Assets), independent variables (ESG disclosure, EVN disclosure, CSR disclosure, and Corporate Govenance Disclosure), and control variables (asset turnover and asset growth). The population in this sample will use manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a range of 2016-2020. Samples will be taken by purposive sampling method. Based on purposive sampling, it was found that there were 25 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX (2016-2020) that had complete data. The data analysis method used in this research is multiple regression analysis. In addition, this research also uses statistical techniques to test the hypothesys proposed in this study, namely panel data using SPSS. This study found that overall ESG Disclosure has a significant positive effect on company performance and CSR Disclosure has a significant negative effect on company performance.
Evolution of Organic Carbon in the Laboratory Oxidation of Biomass Burning Emissions
Authors: Nihill Kevin John , Coggon Matthew M. , Lim Christopher Y. , Koss Abigail R. , Yuan Bin , Krechmer Jordan E. , Sekimoto Kanako , Jimenez Jose-Luis , de Gouw Joost , Cappa Christopher D. , Heald Colette L. , Warneke Carsten , Kroll Jesse H.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Biomass burning (BB) is a major source of reactive organic carbon into the atmosphere. Once in the atmosphere, these organic BB emissions, in both the gas and particle phases, are subject to atmospheric oxidation, though the nature and impact of the chemical transformations are not currently well constrained. Here we describe experiments carried out as part of the FIREX FireLab campaign, in which smoke from the combustion of fuels typical of the Western US was sampled into an environmental chamber and exposed to high concentrations of OH, to simulate the equivalent of up to two days of atmospheric oxidation. The evolution of the organic mixture was monitored using three real-time time-of-flight mass spectrometric instruments (a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer, an iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometer, and an aerosol mass spectrometer), providing measurements of both individual species and ensemble properties of the mixture. The combined measurements from these instruments achieve a reasonable degree of carbon closure (within 15–35 %), indicating that most of the reactive organic carbon is measured by these instruments. Consistent with our previous studies of the oxidation of individual organic species, atmospheric oxidation of the complex organic mixture leads to the formation of species that on average are smaller and more oxidized than those in the unoxidized emissions. In addition, comparison of mass spectra from the different fuels indicates that the oxidative evolution of BB emissions proceeds largely independent of fuel type, with different fresh smoke mixtures ultimately converging into a common, aged distribution of gas-phase compounds. This distribution is characterized by high concentrations of several small, volatile oxygenates, formed from fragmentation reactions, as well as a complex pool of many minor oxidized species and secondary organic aerosol, likely formed via functionalization processes.
Use of machine learning and principal component analysis to retrieve nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with hyperspectral imagers and reduce noise in spectral fitting
Authors: Joiner Joanna , Marchenko Sergey , Fasnacht Zachary , Lamsal Lok , Li Can , Vasilkov Alexander , Krotkov Nickolay
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important trace-gas pollutant and climate agent whose presence also leads to spectral interference in ocean color retrievals. NO2 column densities have been retrieved with satellite UV–Vis spectrometers such as the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) that typically have spectral resolutions of the order of 0.5 nm or better and spatial footprints as small as 3.6 km × 5.6 km. These NO2 observations are used to estimate emissions, monitor pollution trends, and study effects on human health. Here, we investigate whether it is possible to retrieve NO2 amounts with lower-spectral-resolution hyperspectral imagers such as the Ocean Color Instrument (OCI) that will fly on the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite set for launch in early 2024. OCI will have a spectral resolution of 5 nm and a spatial resolution of ∼ 1 km with global coverage in 1–2 d. At this spectral resolution, small-scale spectral structure from NO2 absorption is still present. We use real spectra from the OMI to simulate OCI spectra that are in turn used to estimate NO2 slant column densities (SCDs) with an artificial neural network (NN) trained on target OMI retrievals. While we obtain good results with no noise added to the OCI simulated spectra, we find that the expected instrumental noise substantially degrades the OCI NO2 retrievals. Nevertheless, the NO2 information from OCI may be of value for ocean color retrievals. OCI retrievals can also be temporally averaged over timescales of the order of months to reduce noise and provide higher-spatial-resolution maps that may be useful for downscaling lower-spatial-resolution data provided by instruments such as OMI and TROPOMI; this downscaling could potentially enable higher-resolution emissions estimates and be useful for other applications. In addition, we show that NNs that use coefficients of leading modes of a principal component analysis of radiance spectra as inputs appear to enable noise reduction in NO2 retrievals. Once trained, NNs can also substantially speed up NO2 spectral fitting algorithms as applied to OMI, TROPOMI, and similar instruments that are flying or will soon fly in geostationary orbit.
Development of multi-channel whole-air sampling equipment onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle for investigating volatile organic compounds' vertical distribution in the planetary boundary layer
Authors: Yang Suding , Li Xin , Zeng Limin , Yu Xuena , Liu Ying , Lu Sihua , Huang Xiaofeng , Zhang Dongmei , Xu Haibin , Lin Shuchen , Liu Hefan , Feng Miao , Song Danlin , Tan Qinwen , Cui Jinhui , Wang Lifan , Chen Ying , Wang Wenjie , Sun Haijiong , Song Mengdi , Kong Liuwei , Liu Yi , Wei Linhui , Zhu Xianwu , Zhang Yuanhang
Published: January 2023

Abstract. To achieve near-continuous vertical observations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), multi-channel whole-air sampling equipment onboard an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform was developed in this study. The equipment consists of a multi-position solenoid valve and specially designed lightweight quartz
sampling canisters. The canisters have little adsorption loss of VOCs and
good inter-canister reproducibility. The 7 d recovery test shows that most
VOC species (97 %) had a 1-week decay within 20 %. Online instruments for measuring O3, NO2, CO, SO2, and meteorological parameters are also integrated into the UAV platform. During one take-off and landing, the UAV platform can reach 800 m above the ground within 40 min and take whole-air samples at six heights. Vertical profiles of VOCs and trace gases during the evolution of the PBL in south-western China are successfully obtained by deploying the newly developed UAV system.
Herbivore-shrub interactions influence ecosystem respiration and BVOC composition in the subarctic
Authors: Brachmann Cole G. , Vowles Tage , Rinnan Riikka , Björkman Mats P. , Ekberg Anna , Björk Robert G.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Arctic ecosystems are warming nearly four times faster than the global average which is resulting in plant community shifts and subsequent changes in biogeochemical processes such as gaseous fluxes. Additionally, herbivores shape plant communities and thereby alter the magnitude and composition of ecosystem respiration and BVOC emissions. Here we determine the effect of large mammalian herbivores on ecosystem respiration and BVOC emissions in two southern and two northern sites in Sweden, encompassing mountain birch (LOMB) and shrub heath (LORI) communities in the south and low-herb meadow (RIGA) and shrub heath (RIRI) communities in the north. Herbivory significantly decreased ecosystem respiration at RIGA and altered the BVOC composition between sites. However, plant community composition had a larger effect on ecosystem respiration as RIGA had 35 % higher emissions than the next highest emitting site (LOMB). Additionally, LOMB had the highest emissions of terpenes with the northern sites having significantly lower emissions. Differences between sites were primarily due to differences in exclosure effects, soil temperature and prevalence of different shrub growth forms. Our results suggest that herbivory has a significant effect on trace gas fluxes in a productive meadow community and differences between communities may be driven by differences in shrub composition.
The potential of an increased deciduous forest fraction to mitigate the effects of heat extremes in Europe
Authors: Breil Marcus , Weber Annabell , Pinto Joaquim G.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Deciduous forests are characterized by a higher albedo, a reduced stomatal resistance and a deeper root system in comparison to coniferous forests. As a consequence, less solar radiation is absorbed and evapotranspiration is potentially increased, making an increase in the deciduous forest fraction potentially a promising measure to mitigate the burdens of heat extremes for humans and nature. We analyze this potential by means of an idealized 30 years long regional climate model experiment, in which all coniferous forests in Europe are replaced by deciduous forests and compared to a simulation using the actual forest composition. Results show that an increase in the deciduous forest fraction significantly reduces the heat intensity during heat periods in most regions of Europe. In mean, a slight reduction of the daily maximum 2 m temperatures about 0.2 K is simulated locally, and 0.1 K non-locally during heat periods. Regions with a high cooling potential are south-western France and northern Turkey, where heat period intensities are reduced up to 1 K. Negative effects are simulated in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. Although the cooling effect on heat period intensities is statistically significant over large parts of Europe, the magnitude of the temperature reduction is small. An increase in the deciduous forest fraction has consequently only a limited potential to reduce heat period intensities in Europe and can therefore only be considered as a supporting mitigation measure to complement more effective mitigation strategies.
Palaeoenvironmental research at Hawelti–Melazo (Tigray, northern Ethiopia) – insights from sedimentological and geomorphological analyses
Authors: Hardt Jacob , Nir Nadav , Lüthgens Christopher , Menn Thomas M. , Schütt Brigitta
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The sites of Hawelti–Melazo in the Tigray region of the northern Ethiopian Highlands is an archaeological hotspot related to the D'mt kingdom (ca. 800–400 BCE). The existence of several monumental buildings, which have been excavated since the 1950s, underline the importance of this area in the Ethio-Sabaean period. We investigated the geomorphological and geological characteristics of the site and its surroundings and carried out sedimentological analyses, as well as direct (luminescence) and indirect (radiocarbon) sediment dating, to reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental conditions, which we integrated into the wider context of Tigray. Luminescence dating of feldspar grains from the May Agazin catchment indicate enhanced fluvial activity in the late Pleistocene, likely connected to the re-occurring monsoon after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The abundance of trap basalt on the Melazo plateau, which provides the basis for the development of fertile soils, and the presumably higher groundwater level during the Ethio-Sabaean Period, provided favourable settlement conditions. The peninsula-like shape of the Melazo plateau was easily accessible only from the east and northeast, while relatively steep scarps enclose the other edges of the plateau. This adds a possible natural protective function to this site.
Modelling the development and decay of cryoconite holes in Northwest Greenland
Authors: Onuma Yukihiko , Fujita Koji , Takeuchi Nozomu , Niwano Masashi , Aoki Teruo
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Cryoconite holes (CHs) are water-filled cylindrical holes with cryoconite (dark-coloured sediment) deposited at their bottoms, forming on ablating ice surfaces of glaciers and ice sheets worldwide. Because the collapse of CHs may disperse cryoconite on the ice surface, thereby decreasing the ice surface albedo, accurate simulation of the temporal changes in CH depth is essential for understanding ice surface melt. We established a novel model that simulates the temporal changes in CH depth using heat budgets calculated independently at the ice surface and CH bottom based on hole-shape geometry. We evaluated the model with in situ observations of the CH depths on the Qaanaaq ice cap in Northwest Greenland during the 2012, 2014, and 2017 melt seasons. The model reproduced well the observed depth changes and timing of CH collapse. Although earlier models have shown that CH depth tends to be deeper when downward shortwave radiation is intense, our sensitivity tests suggest that deeper CH tends to form when the diffuse component of downward shortwave radiation is dominant, whereas CHs tend to be shallower when the direct component is dominant. In addition, the total heat flux to the CH bottom is dominated by shortwave radiation transmitted through ice rather than that directly from the CH mouths when the CH is deeper than 10 cm. Furthermore, the tests highlight that the ice surface albedo is a key parameter for accurately reproducing the timing of CH collapse because 0.1 decrease in albedo induces the CH collapse one day earlier. Heat component analysis suggests that CH depth is governed by the balance between the intensity of the diffuse component of downward shortwave radiation and the wind speed. Therefore, these meteorological conditions may be important factors contributing to the recent surface darkening of the Greenland ice sheet and other glaciers via the redistribution of CHs. Coupling the CH model proposed in this study with a climate model should improve our understanding of glacier-surface darkening.
Extension of the general unit hydrograph theory for the spread of salinity in estuaries
Authors: Cai Huayang , Li Bo , Gu Junhao , Zhao Tongtiegang , Garel Erwan
Published: January 2023

Abstract. From both practical and theoretical perspectives, it is essential to be able to express observed salinity distributions in terms of simplified theoretical models, which enable qualitative assessment to be made in many problems concerning water resources utilization (such as intake of fresh water) in estuaries. In this study, we propose a general and analytical salt intrusion model inspired by Guo’s general unit hydrograph theory for predictions of flood hydrograph in a watershed. To derive a simple, general and analytical model of salinity distribution, we first make four hypotheses on the longitudinal salinity gradient based on empirical observations; we then derive a general unit hydrograph for the longitudinal salinity distribution in estuaries of the partial to well mixed type. The newly developed model can be well calibrated using a minimum of three salinity measurements along the estuary axis and does converge towards zero when distance approaches infinity asymptotically. The theory has been successfully applied to reproduce the salt intrusion in 21 estuaries worldwide, which suggests that the proposed method can be a useful tool for quickly assessing the spread of salinity under a wide range of riverine and tidal conditions and for quantifying the potential impacts due to human-induced and natural changes.
GPP and the predictability of CO2: more uncertainty in what we predict than how well we predict it
Authors: Dunkl István , Lovenduski Nicole , Collalti Alessio , Arora Vivek K. , Ilyina Tatiana , Brovkin Victor
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The prediction of atmospheric CO2 concentrations is limited by the high interannual variability (IAV) of terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP). However, there are large uncertainties in the drivers of GPP IAV among Earth system models (ESMs). Here, we evaluate the impact of these uncertainties on the predictability of atmospheric CO2 in six ESMs. We use regression analysis to determine the role of environmental drivers on (i) the patterns of GPP IAV, and (ii) the predictability of GPP. There are large uncertainties in the spatial distribution of GPP IAV. Although all ESMs agree on the high IAV in the tropics, several ESMs have unique hotspots of GPP IAV. The main driver of GPP IAV is temperature in the ESMs using the Community Land Model, and soil moisture in IPSL-CM6A-LR and MPI-ESM-LR, revealing underlying differences in the source of GPP IAV among ESMs. Between 13 % and 24 % of the GPP IAV is predictable one year ahead, with four out of six ESMs between 19 % and 24 %. Up to 32 % of the GPP IAV induced by soil moisture is predictable, while only 7 % to 13 % of the GPP IAV induced by radiation. The results show that while ESMs are fairly similar in their ability to predict themselves, their predicted contribution to the atmospheric CO2 variability originates from different regions and is caused by different drivers. A higher coherence in atmospheric CO2 predictability could be achieved by reducing uncertainties of GPP sensitivity to soil moisture, and by accurate observational products for GPP IAV.
Ten years of 1 Hz solar irradiance observations at Cabauw, the Netherlands, with cloud observations, variability classifications, and statistics
Authors: Mol Wouter Bastiaan , Knap Wouter H. , van Heerwaarden Chiel C.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Surface solar irradiance varies on scales down to seconds, of which detailed, long-term observational datasets are rare but in high demand. Here, we present an observational dataset of global, direct, and diffuse solar irradiance sampled at 1 Hz over a period of 10 years, from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) station at Cabauw, the Netherlands. The dataset is complemented with irradiance variability classifications, clear-sky irradiance and aerosol reanalysis, information about the solar position, observations of clouds and sky type, and wind measurements up to 200 meters above ground level. Statistics of variability derived from all time series include approximately 185,000 detected events of both cloud enhancement and cloud shadows. The Cabauw measurement site has additional observations freely available at the open data platform of the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. This paper describes the observational site, quality control, classification algorithm with validation, and the processing method of complementary products. These observations and derived statistics provide detailed information to aid research into how clouds and atmospheric composition influence solar irradiance variability, and to help validate models that are starting to resolve variability at higher fidelity. The main datasets are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7093164 (Knap and Mol, 2022) and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7092058 (Mol et al., 2022b), see the data availability section for a complete list.
A robust gap-filling approach for European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) soil moisture integrating satellite observations, model-driven knowledge, and spatiotemporal machine learning
Authors: Liu Kai , Li Xueke , Wang Shudong , Zhang Hongyan
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Spatiotemporally continuous soil moisture (SM) data are
increasingly in demand for ecological and hydrological research. Satellite
remote sensing has potential for mapping SM, but the continuity of
satellite-derived SM is hampered by data gaps resulting from inadequate satellite coverage, snow cover, frozen soil, radio-frequency interference, and so on. Therefore, we propose a new gap-filling approach to reconstruct
daily SM time series using the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI). The developed approach integrates satellite observations,
model-driven knowledge, and a machine learning algorithm that leverages both
spatial and temporal domains. Taking SM in China as an example, the
reconstructed SM showed high accuracy when validated against multiple sets
of in situ measurements, with a root mean square error (RMSE) and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.09–0.14 and
0.07–0.13 cm3 cm−3,
respectively. Further evaluation with a 10-fold cross-validation revealed median values of the coefficient of determination (R2), RMSE, and MAE
of 0.56, 0.025, and 0.019 cm3 cm−3, respectively.
The reconstructive performance was noticeably reduced both when excluding
one explanatory variable and keeping the other variables unchanged and when removing the spatiotemporal domain strategy or the residual calibration
procedure. In comparison with gap-filled SM data based on a
satellite-derived diurnal temperature range (DTR), the gap-filled SM data
from bias-corrected model-derived DTRs exhibited relatively lower accuracy
but higher spatial coverage. Application of our gap-filling approach to
long-term SM datasets (2005–2015) produced a promising result (R2=0.72). A more accurate trend was achieved relative to that of the original
CCI SM when assessed with in situ measurements (i.e., 0.49 versus 0.28,
respectively, in terms of R2). Our findings indicate the feasibility of
integrating satellite observations, model-driven knowledge, and
spatiotemporal machine learning to fill gaps in short- and long-term SM time
series, thereby providing a potential avenue for applications to similar
studies.
Implementasi learning cycle 7E berbantuan Tarsia Puzzle untuk meningkatkan keterampilan generik sains siswa SMP
Authors: Rosyiidah Wihdah Salsabiila , Qomaria Nur , Wulandari Ana Yuniasti Retno , Sidik Rahmad Fajar , Yasir Mochammad
Published: January 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini berfokus untuk meningkatkan keterampilan generik sains siswa melalui penerapan learning cycle 7E berabtuan tarsia puzzle pada materi interaksi makhluk hidup dengan lingkungannya. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain pre-eksperimental one group pretest-posttest dan dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 3 Lamongan kelas VII tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik nonprobability sampling jenis purposive sampling. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 31 siswa. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes keterampilan generik sains siswa yakni pretest Â dan posttest. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan N-Gain untuk mengukur peningkatan keterampilan generik sains siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa indikator keterampilan generik sains siswa mempunyai rerata N-Gain sebesar 0,59 dengan kriteria sedang.
Pengembangan buku cerita IPA terpadu bermuatan karakter
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti , Nurma'ripat Ikna , Purnamasari Shinta
Published: January 2023

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan hasil analisis berupa kajian literatur pada hasil penelitian mengenai pengembangan buku cerita IPA terpadu bermuatan pendidikan karakter yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Kajian pustaka dilakukan pada 7 artikel yang dipublikasikan di berbagai jurnal dari tahun 2014 sampai 2022. Kajian pustaka dilakukan dengan menggunakan 4 metode yaitu pemilihan topik yang akan direview, melakukan pencarian dan penyeleksian artikel yang berkaitan dengan topik yang sudah ditemukan, melakukan analisis dan sintesis literatur, serta melakukan organisasi tulisan. Hasil dari literatur review ini menunjukkan bahwa buku cerita IPA terpadu bermuatan pendidikan karakter dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan minat baca siswa, motivasi belajar siswa, mempermudah siswa dalam memahami materi danÂ  menumbuhkan karakter dalam diri siswa.Â  Dalam alur ceritanya pun mengandung pesan-pesan moral sehingga dapat menumbuhkan nilai karakter ke dalam diri siswa secara langsung tanpa unsur paksaan melalui peranan dari tokoh cerita.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AS PREDICTORS OF DIETARY PATTERNS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Government College University, Lahore Pakistan, Malik Sumaira , Hasan Syeda Salma ,   Department of Psychology, Government College University, Lahore Pakistan
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to investigate the role sociodemographic variables as predictors of dietary patterns. It was hypothesized that demographic variables (gender, body mass index (BMI), cumulative grade point average, parents' Education, family type and family size) would strongly predict food preference categories (vegetables, fruits, meat/fish, dairy, snacks, starches). A purposive sample of 400 undergraduate students (200 males, 200 females) with an age range of 19-25 years was selected from public universities in Lahore. All research participants were requested to fill out the demographic form along with a Food Preferences questionnaire developed by (Smith, 2016) for young adults to measure the food preferences of adults. Results indicated that BMI significantly predicts three categories of food preferences scale (meat, dairy, and starches) CGPA significantly predicted vegetables, whereas it negatively predicted starches categories. Family size positively predicted vegetables, snacks, and starches categories. The family system positively predicted snack categories. Conclusively these findings might help develop food-based dietary guidelines in young adults. Keywords: Dietary patterns, Sociodemographic Variables, Gender, Young Adults
FEMALE SUBJUGATION THROUGH RELIGIOUS HYPOCRISY IN POSTCOLONIAL PAKISTAN: AN ANALYSIS OF DURRANI’S (1991) BLASPHEMY
Authors:   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ayoub Tahir , Rana Arooj ,   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Batool Areesha ,   Department of English, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad Pakistan
Published: January 2023

Patriarchy is a global phenomenon that has resulted in the unequal distribution of power and privilege between men and women. It has been established as a system that reinforces male dominance and subjugates women. Patriarchy is a system that reinforces the marginalization of women in all aspects of life, from the political and social to the cultural, economic, and ideological. It is evident in the lack of access to education, employment opportunities, and other resources. Additionally, women are often subjected to violence and harassment, and are denied basic rights within their own families and communities. In the post-colonial period, Islam, being the most adopted religion of the majority in Pakistan, has been manipulated to perpetuate this discrimination. Durrani (1999) dares to talk about one of the most taboo topics of ‘The Mullah-Pir Community’ which subjugates females by using a false image of Islam. The study uses the qualitative methods and theoretical foundations of Naik’s (2009) discourse on Islamic feminism and Spivak’s (1998) work ‘Can the Subaltern Speak?’ to analyze the postcolonial discourse on women subjugation. In light of these theories, this study explores the unspeakable horrors perpetrated in the name of Islam to subjugate women in the novel Blasphemy. Duranni presents an in-depth analysis of the misrepresentation of Islam by predatory religious leaders. The study reveals that pseudo-clerics like Pir Sain have misconstrued Islam and its constitution to exploit his wife Heer. The study unmasks the duplicity of a man who is deemed as a religious caretaker. He discourages reading the Holy Quran with translation so that he can manipulate religion as an instrument to persuade other people for a blind submission. Through his prejudiced analyses of the Holy Quran he tries to stop women from attaining education, and subjugates them to an inhumane extent. Keywords: Blasphemy, Discrimination, Subaltern, Women subjugation, Feminism.
Effect of Carica papaya seed extract on IL -6 and TNF-α in human lung cancer cell lines - an In vitro study
Authors: A Padmapriya , S Preetha , J Selvaraj , G Sridevi
Published: January 2023

Background: Herbal medicine has been used for many years. Medicinal plants are a natural source which has fewer side effects and has an ability to scavenge free radicals. Plants have been used for many centuries to prevent diseases traditionally, because of their pharmacological activities. Carica papaya contains an enzyme called papain which has many pharmaceutical applications and antioxidant activity. Carica papaya contains phytochemicals like flavonoids, alkaloids, sapponents, terpenoids, and amino acids which could be responsible for its medicinal property. The aim of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of Carica papaya seed and its role on the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in human lung cancer cell lines. Materials and methods: Cell viability test was done using MTT assay. mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α was done by real-time PCR. The obtained data we analysed statistically by one way analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range tests with graph prism version 5 to analyse the significance. The significance was considered at p<0.05 level in Duncan’s test. Result: The cells were exposed to different concentrations of Carica papaya (100-500µg/ml) with A549 cells for 48 hours. It showed maximum inhibition of 50% at concentration of 400-500µg/ml. The study showed that Carica papaya seed extract has down-regulated IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression at (400-500µg/ml) and it was statistically significant compared to untreated control cells (p< 0.05). Conclusion: The present study has concluded that cells showed maximum inhibition of 50% at (400µg/ml - 500µg/ml) and thus has anticancer potential by inhibiting mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α in human lung cancer cell lines
A Comparative Study of NSAIDs + Opioids V/S NSAIDs + TCAs Perioperatively for Pain Management in the Department of Orthopaedics
Authors: Zuleqaunnisa Begum Syeda , Mohammed Jalal Mohiuddin , Nazima Hassan Kauser , Unnisa Sadaf Khair , Taher Khudsiya , Ali Salman , Mohd Akram
Published: January 2023

Background: Perioperative pain is an outcome of inflammation produced by tissue trauma or direct nerve injury. Approximately 70% of patients suffer from moderate to severe pain during the perioperative period. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of NSAIDs with opioids and NSAIDs with TCAs in the perioperative pain management of orthopedic patients. Method: This was a prospective observational study conducted for six months at the Inpatient Unit Department of Orthopedics of tertiary care Hospital. The participants were randomly divided into two groups each consisting of 40 patients. Group I treated with opioids and Group II treated with TCAs. The pain intensity of perioperative patients was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain outcome was evaluated using the pain outcome questionnaire (POQ). Results: A total of 80 participants were enrolled in this study, of which 54% were males and 46% were females. No significant differences in gender and age were observed between two groups (P>0.05). Each group have shown notable improvement in the pain outcome. Both the study groups have disclosed similar levels of patient satisfaction. Combination regimen proved to be more efficacious in both groups compared to individual regimen (p<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that both opioids and TCAs have similar potential to manage perioperative pain. Frequency of adverse events was more in patients receiving opioids than TCAs. Addition of NSAID in postoperative management should be increased to reduce the dose of opioids. Hence TCAs are of better choice.
Betydningsfull gjennom musikk: En samfunnspsykologisk studie av musikkterapiens ringvirkninger i barnehagen
Authors: Aasen Berget Jørgen , Senneseth Trude , Stige Brynjulf
Published: January 2023

Aims and background: To explore music therapy as special education at preschool level. The research has been carried out in a context where the relevance of music therapy is understood in light of children’s rights to inclusion and participation.

Method: In two focus group interviews, preschool teachers, special education teachers and assistants described their experiences and use of music therapy. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis.

Findings: The results indicate that music therapy facilitates contact, communication, sense of community and joy. When children receive music therapy as special education, the music is used actively by children and adults throughout the week for learning and participating in the preschool community.

Implications: Special education provided in the form of music therapy can reduce exclusion and create an environment that promotes learning, development and participation in a community. The findings are discussed from a community psychology perspective. We use the term mattering, consisting of feeling valued and adding value, to shed light on important processes in relationships and on the interaction between music therapy provision and ordinary preschool provision.

Keywords: music therapy, children, community psychology, mattering, participation, special education
Western blot analysis to confirm biscuit contamination by hidden cow’s milk protein
Authors:   Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology Unit, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France., Guiddir T
Published: January 2023

IgE-mediated food allergies can cause life-threatening anaphylaxis. Management of these allergies is based on a strict avoidance diet in relation to foods that may contain the allergen. The European regulations issued by the INCO (consumer information) provide a list of 14 allergens subject to mandatory declaration [1]. These allergens must be listed (in bold, underlined, large font, etc.) on food packaging in order to allow ready identification when consumers examine the labeling. The precautionary labeling, which is not regulated, includes statements at the end of the list of ingredients [2]. In France, the most frequent main allergens responsible for IgE-mediated allergies in children under 2 years of age are Cow’s Milk (CM) proteins, eggs, and peanuts [3], all of which are on the list of allergens subject to mandatory declaration. In this study, we report the case of a child who developed anaphylaxis after having consumed a biscuit labeled as having no cow’s milk proteins.
18F‑FET‑PET imaging in high‑grade gliomas and brain metastases: a systematic review and meta‑analysis
Authors: Singnurkar Amit , Detsky Jay
Published: January 2023

Join Dr. Randy D'Amico and Dr. Jason Sheehan from the Journal of Neuro-Oncology for a discussion with Dr. Amit Singnurkar and Dr. Jay Detsky from Sunnybrook Research Institute about 18F‑FET‑PET imaging in high‑grade gliomas and brain metastases.
Đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị viêm màng não sau phẫu thuật sọ não tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Hà Nội
Authors: Yến Đỗ Kim , Chính Lương Quốc , Hải Hoàng Bùi
Published: January 2023

Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị viêm màng não sau phẫu thuật sọ não. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 46 bệnh nhân viêm màng não sau phẫu thuật sọ não. Triệu chứng lâm sàng thường gặp là sốt (100%) và suy giảm ý thức (54,3%). Tất cả bệnh nhân đều có biến đổi dịch não tủy, với số lượng bạch cầu là 658 tế bào/mm3 (IQR, 189 - 2151), protein là 1,91 g/L (IQR, 1,17 - 3,29 g/L), glucose trung bình là 3,53 ± 1,44 mmol/L và lactate trung bình là 6,73 ± 3,19 mmol/L. Bạch cầu máu trung bình 13,29 ± 4,08 G/L, procalcitonin máu là 0,28 ng/mL (IQR, 0,15 - 1,17 ng/mL) và CRP máu là 8,09 mg/dL (IQR, 5,10 - 16,61 mg/dL). Căn nguyên vi sinh vật được xác định trên 9 (19,6%) bệnh nhân. Trong đó, Acinetobacter baumannii kháng carbapenem là tác nhân gây bệnh phổ biến nhất (3 bệnh nhân), tiếp theo là Staphylococcus aureus (2 bệnh nhân). Kết quả điều trị chung, có 7 (15,2%) bệnh nhân tử vong, thời gian điều trị tại khoa hồi sức tích cực trung bình là 11,96 ± 5,10 ngày.
The Foreign Action of Peripheries, or the will to be Seen: Catalan Cultural Diplomacy in the Interwar Period
Authors: Carbó-Catalan Elisabet
Published: January 2023

Much academic literature has reflected upon the powerful capacities of culture in the construction of collectivities, the crucial role of the Other in any process of identity making, and the mutually constitutive character of the national and the international. All three aspects explain the fact that foreign cultural policy is often part and parcel of the consolidation of modern nations. Within this general framework, this article focuses on the strategies of cultural diplomacy conducted by peripheral collectivities. Specifically, this article links a focus on the peripheries with cultural diplomacy through the notion of invisibility and then exemplifies it through two Catalan historical projects spearheaded by Joan Estelrich: the foundation of Oficina d’Expansió Catalana, the first institution created to promote Catalan culture abroad, and the struggle to grant representation to Catalan culture at the International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation, a key body in the institutionalization of international cultural relations in the interwar period. Through the focus on Catalan cultural diplomacy, the place of peripheries in cultural institutions or organizations is problematized.
Biolaw, Digital Hyperconsuption and Cognitive Vulnerability: Towards a Biojuridical Resignification of Bioethical Principles for the Protection of Cognitive Health
Authors: Pardo Camilo Noguera , Bedoya Alejandro Castaño
Published: January 2023

Cognitive health is necessary for human development. However, the hyperconsumption of biotechnologies (smartphones, internet, video games, social networks, virtual reality) can cause damage to cognitive health and, therefore, to human health and development. Consequently, such research focuses on limiting the consumption of specific technologies in minors in order to protect their health. This research is divided in five parts: the contextualization on the colonization of biotechnological consumption; a diagnosis of neuronal violence and consequences for human development; a review of the cognition sequelae due to the abuse of biotechnologies, based on selected medical research; an exposition on the necessary relationships between the moral order and the legal one, from philosophical realism and natural law approaches; proposal of minimum fundamental rules, based, in turn, on a biojuridical specification of principles to protect cognitive health, which serve as preliminary support to elaborate a future Universal Declaration for the Protection of Cognitive Health, as an essential biological basis for human development.
La disputa por el significado de la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos en Ecuador
Authors: Morales Naranjo Viviana , Narváez María José , Valle Franco Alex
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación se desarrolla por la necesidad de dilucidar la comprensión de los derechos de la Naturaleza en el ámbito de la jurisprudencia emitida por la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador entre los años 2019 - 2022. El artículo tiene como objeto mostrar los avances materiales para concebir a la naturaleza como sujeto de derechos y por ende de protección jurisdiccional y constitucional. El método utilizado es el analítico crítico y dogmático, el enfoque es cualitativo, y el modo jurisprudencial-jurídico. Los principales resultados del análisis concluyen que la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional ha establecido que la naturaleza es un ser vivo y, por tanto, posee un valor intrínseco que va más allá de la utilidad que le significa al ser humano. En las conclusiones se establece, que a pesar de la tensión que existe entre la Naturaleza y el desarrollo económico causado por el extractivismo como un modelo que se basa en la explotación de los elementos naturales convertidos en recursos mercantiles, los derechos de la Naturaleza emergen como una respuesta a una crisis civilizatoria que amenaza con destruirlo todo. En ese sentido, el rol de la jurisprudencia y los estándares sobre los derechos de la Naturaleza permiten una comprensión más cabal y material del tema.
Cibercultura y educación
Authors: Salas Araya Yorleny
Published: January 2023

En el presente ensayo se aborda la cibercultura desde una perspectiva socioultural y se destacan algunos elementos como el  concepto de identidad y comunidad, brecha digital, economía basada en el conocimiento y por último la confidencialidad y seguridad de la información. Además se desarrollan dos elementos adicionales que relacionan la cibercultura y la educación: el concepto de hipertexto y los modelos de aprendizaje para los nativos digitales.
Identidad cultural y educación
Authors: Martínez Reyes Nelson Rubén
Published: January 2023

El autor aborda en este ensayo las categorías de cultura e identidad cultural como términos claves para entender el enfoque multicultural. Analiza sus implicaciones dentro de la escuela y la educación al tiempo que lo relaciona con la observación de campo en el contexto educativo del centro escolar Mario Calvo de la ciudad de Izalco.
El diálogo “inter-pedagógico” como estrategia para la transformación de las prácticas educativas
Authors: Méndez Méndez José Mario
Published: January 2023

En este ensayo el autor hace un análisis crítico de cómo las distintas pedagogías a lo largo de la historia han influido en la conformación de distintos modelos de hombre. Destaca como la pedagogía dominante actual configura a partir de la herencia  occidental, de un modelo económico capitalista y una visión empresarial, un hombre individualista y competitivo formado a través de una  pedagogía eurocéntrica, autoritaria, racional y fragmentada. Propone para superar esa pedagogía dominante, unas pedagogías alternativas que aunque aparecen en forma periférica, respondan a la contextualidad, estén articuladas a la vida, y se enfoquen en diversas formas de racionalidad.
Prospectiva del desarrollo universitario en el siglo XXI
Authors: Alfaro Varela Gilberto
Published: January 2023

Conferencia dictada en el marco del Tercer Taller Nacional denominado La Universidad del Siglo XXI, desarrollado por la Red Académica GUCAL XXI, capitulo El Salvador, celebrado el 9 de diciembre de 2011 en la Universidad Don Bosco, EL Salvador. Este es el texto de la conferencia el cual fue transcrito por Nelson Rubén Martínez Reyes y editado por el conferencista.
Colección Resumen de las Actas de la Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico. Número 5, sesión 4 de julio de 2022.
Authors: Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico
Published: January 2023

Sesión 4 de julio de 2022.
Relación de los asuntos tratados:
1. Aprobación formal del acta núm. 4 de 9 de mayo de 2022, p. 3.2. Construcción Torre del Puerto (Málaga), p. 3.3. Fondo documental sobre faros españoles, pp. 3-6.4. Puente de Udondo en Leioa; dique seco de la antigua Compañía Euskalduna y cargaderos de hierro de la Ría de Bilbao, pp. 6-13.5. Concurso de proyectos de la fachada de la catedral de León, p. 13. 6. San Antonio de la Florida, pp. 13-14.7. Taller alfarero “Selito” (Oviedo), p. 15.8. Conjunto Histórico de la Central Térmica de la Minero Siderúrgica de Ponferrada, p. 15.9. Huerta del Bosque de Béjar, p. 15.10. Templo de Debod en Madrid, p. 16.11. “Cerro de los Moros” (Soria), p. 16.12. Consejo Regional de Patrimonio Histórico de la Comunidad de Madrid, de 6 de julio de 2022: pintura “El apóstol Santiago y sus discípulos adorando a la Virgen del Pilar”, de Francisco de Goya y Lucientes; pintura “Maja y Celestina”, de Francisco de Goya y Lucientes; pintura “Retrato de Valentín Belvís de Moncada”, de Francisco de Goya y Lucientes; documento Real provisión original otorgada por los Reyes Católicos concediendo a Cristóbal Colón escudo de armas; yacimiento “Calatalifa” en Villaviciosa de Odón (Madrid); La Cartuja, en Talamanca de Jarama (Madrid); fiesta de las Mayas de la Comunidad de Madrid; Archivo personal de Vicente Aleixandre; Ermita de San Blas en Madrid; Guía de criterios de sostenibilidad en la conservación y restauración de patrimonio cultural inmueble; aprobación del acta de acuerdo con el artículo 18.2 de Ley 40/2015, de 1 de octubre, de Régimen Jurídico del Sector Público, pp. 16-22.13. Ruegos y preguntas, p. 22.
Colección Resumen de las Actas de la Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico. Número 6, sesión 11 de octubre de 2022.
Authors: Comisión de Monumentos y Patrimonio Histórico
Published: January 2023

Sesión 11 de octubre de 2022.
Relación de los asuntos tratados:
1. Aprobación formal del acta núm. 5 de 4 de julio de 2022, p. 3.2. Ermita de San Antonio de La Florida, pp. 3-4.3. Templo de Debod en Madrid, pp. 4-6.4. Edificación de la nueve sede de Bosonit en Logroño, pp. 6-7.5. Antigua iglesia del Buen Suceso en Madrid. Restos arquitectónicos esparcidos por el Monte de El Pardo, pp. 7-9.6. Central Térmica de la Minero Siderúrgica de Ponferrada (León), p. 9.7. Modificación del Plan General de Ordenación Urbana de Madrid de 1997 para la ampliacióndel Catálogo de Edificios Protegidos, p. 9.8. Sede de la Real Academia de Jurisprudencia y Legislación. Inmueble en Marqués de Cubas, nº15, de Madrid, pp. 10-19.9. La Cartuja en Talamanca de Jarama (Madrid), pp.  20-22.10. Pleno del Consejo Regional de Patrimonio Histórico de la Comunidad de Madrid, p. 23.11. Fondo documental sobre faros españoles considerados como históricos, pp. 23-24.12. Ruegos y preguntas, pp. 24-33.
PEMIKIRAN EKONOMI ISLAM MUHAMMAD BAQIR ASH SHADR
Authors: Saleh Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Ekonomi Islam memiliki suatu kerangka pemikiran yang khas, dengan tujuan yang jelas, dan berbeda dari ekonomi konvensional. Ekonomi islam merupakan salah satu bagian dari keluasan dan kesempurnaan konsepsi islam sebagai sarana untuk mengimpelementasikan tujuan kesejahtaraan hidup umat manusia.

Landasan paradigma ini kemudian menjadi dasar epistemologi dan metodologi yang kemudian melahirkan konsepsi teoretis ekonomi islam itu sendiri, sehingga ekonomi islam merupakan konstruksi yang tidak memisahkan pendekatan positive economic dengan normative economics. Oleh karena itu yang dibutuhkan adalah konsep ekonomi yang jelas dan realistis, bukan dogmatis, serta dapat menjadi solusi masalah yang menyebabkan keterpurukan ekonomi.

Menurut Baqir Ash-Shadr untuk mewujudkan ekonomi islam sebagai solusi tersebut ada beberapa langkah yang harus dilakukan, yaitu sebagai berikut: Pertama, Mengganti istilah ilmu ekonomi dengan istilah iqtishad yang mengandung arti selaras, setara, dan seimbang (in between). Kedua, Menyusun dan merekonstruksi ilmu ekonomi tersendiri yang bersumber dari Al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Dalam hal itulah Mazhab Baqir Ash-Shadr mempunyai kontribusi yang cukup signifikan dalam wacana perkembangan ilmu ekonomi Islam.
Research on Innovation of Ideological and Political Work in Private Colleges and Universities in the New Era
Authors: Yan Suyuan , Jiang Mei
Published: January 2023

Private colleges and universities have particularities in the sources of funds, history, management system and teaching objects,to a certain extent, which affected the practice and development of ideological and political work of school. Taking Hunan International Economics University, which ranks high in the country as an example, carefully analyzing and summarizing the difficulties and innovations in the field of ideological and political work will be conducive to further strengthen the socialist direction of private colleges and universities, promote the long-term development of faculty and staff, and also provide help for better training of talents.