bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observaciones sobre la biología reproductora de Laparocerus
Schoenherr, 1834 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
Authors: Machado Antonio , Aguilar Agustín
Published: May 2022

Se han criado en
laboratorio tres parejas de Laparocerus
ruteri Roudier, 1957 y dos de L. bellus
Roudier 1957, haciendo seguimiento a
un total de 2.553 huevos, 1.470 larvas,
5 pupas y 17 imagos. Los huevos los
ponen de noche en tandas apretadas
que esconden en resquicios y recovecos
estrechos, pegados con una sustancia
glutinosa hialina. Las puestas fueron
de 179-332 huevos en L. ruteri y en L.
bellus alcanzó los 1.710; los huevos
eclosionan en término medio a los
9,1 y 8,4 días, respectivamente. Las
larvas nacidas en abril se desarrollan
durante el verano y la emergencia
de imagos es en septiembre y meses
subsiguientes (161 días de media), con
retrasos importantes si la larva entra
en diapausa, pudiendo prolongarse
hasta seis meses (máximo desarrollo
regis-trado 372 días). La fase de pupa
dura entre 12-18 días y el subadulto
aguanta unos 2 días antes de emerger.
Las dos especies son aparentemente
univoltinas. El estudio incluye también
observaciones morfológicas y sobre la
cópula y ovoposición, además de notas
adicionales sobre la fenología de otras
especies de Laparocerus.
Effect of conventional physical therapy with or without diaphragm manual therapy in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain
Authors: Ahmad Sohail; PT Dr. M. Ammar
Published: May 2022

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of conventional physical therapy with or without diaphragm manual therapy in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized, single-blind clinical study will be performed. A sample size of 34 patients comprising of only male gender will be taken from various clinical settings of Faisalabad. Non-probability purposive sampling technique will be used. Patients will be randomly allocated into two groups. Treatment Group A will perform Conventional Physical Therapy and Diaphragm Manual Therapy and Group B will perform Conventional Physical Therapy and Sham Diaphragm Manual Therapy. Numerical Pain Rating Scale and lumbar range of motion scores will be assessed at pre treatment, 2nd week post treatment and 4th week post treatment. Oswestry Disability Index scores and Short Form 12 Health Survey Questionnaire will be assessed at pre treatment and 4th week post treatment. Research will be of 4 months duration. Statistical analysis will be performed on SPSS V.25. Independent sample t-test will be used for measuring between-group changes and Repeated measure ANOVA for measuring within -group differences.

KEY WORDS: Low Back Pain, Backache, Diaphragm Manual Therapy, Routine Physical Therapy, Conventional Physical Therapy.
Построение диаграммы состояния тройной системы нафталин-дифенил-дибензил с переохлаждениями
Authors: Фролова С , Покинтелица E , Щебетовская Н
Published: May 2022

На основании бинарных диаграмм состояния нафталин-дибензил, дифенил-дибензил и нафталин- дифенил с метастабильными областями относительно линий ликвидуса построена тройная диаграмма состояния нафталин-дифенил-дибензил с предкристаллизационными переохлаждениями в развернутом и собранном виде. Параметры тройной эвтектики определены из условия фазового равновесия на границе жидкого и жидко-твердого состояния с учетом коэффициентов активностей соответствующих компонентов в приближении идеальных растворов. Установлено, что эвтектический состав приходится на 21,9 масс.% нафталина + 33,0 масс.% дифенила + 45,1 масс.% дибензила, а эвтектическая температура составляет 290 ± 2 К. Определено, что тройной эвтектический сплав системы нафталин–дифенил–дибензил кристаллизуется практически без переохлаждения (~ 1-1,5 К) и может быть рекомендован для его использования в качестве теплоаккумулирующего материала на основе фазопереходного явления типа плавление-кристаллизация.
Су-май қоспаларын бөлуге арналған ПЭТФ трек мембраналарды трихлороктилсиланмен гидрофобизациялау
Authors: Нармухамедова А. , Корольков И. , Жатканбаева Ж. , Муслимова И. , Мельникова Г. , Здоровец М.
Published: May 2022

Мақалада трихлороктилсиланмен полиэтилентерефталатты (ПЭТФ) трек мембраналарының модификациясының оңтайлы жағдайлары зерттелді. Трихлороктилсиланның концентрациясына және реакция уақытына байланысты тректі мембрананың кеуек диаметрі мен шеткі сулану бұрышының өзгеру нәтижелері келтірілген. Концентрациясы 15 ммоль/л трихлороктилсиланмен 24 сағат бойы тректі мембрананы өндегенде  мембрананың шеткі сулану бұрышының ең жоғары көрсеткіші (1000) анықталды.
Алынған үлгілердің құрамындағы өзгерістер ИҚ-Фурье спектроскопиясымен сипатталды және газ өткізгіштікке сыналды. Май, су және органикалық еріткіштерді сүзуде сынақ хлороформ мен о-ксилол үшін жоғары өнімділік көрсетті (91,96мл/с*м2 дейін), май үшін максималды өнімділік 5,81мл/с*м2 құрады, ал су түрлендірілген мембранадан мүлдем өтпеді.
Ақтөбе өнеркәсіптік агломерациясының табиғи-аумақтық және аква кешендердің трансформациясына әсері
Authors: Саткарова Н. , Берденов Ж.
Published: May 2022

Қазіргі таңда Ақтөбе агломерациясы Қазақстанның өнеркәсіп орталықтарының бірі және сәйкесінше геоэкологиялық жағдайлардың орталығы болып табылады. Тұрақты бақылаулардың нәтижесінде мақалада техногенездің табиғи-аумақтық кешендердің трансформациясына әсері сипатталған. Зерттеулер көрсеткендей, объектілердің кеңістіктік орналасуын, сондай-ақ олардың жағдайын сипаттайтын дұрыс құрылған географиялық ақпараттық деректер базасы қала аумақтарының геожүйелерінің жағдайын талдауға көмектеседі. Аймақтағы экологиялық қауіпсіздікті қамтамасыз ету үшін табиғи-ресурстық әлеует туралы сенімді деректер қажет.
Development of technology for growing rice varieties «Aikerim», «Favorit» and «Yantar» by hydroponics
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Akbayeva L.Kh. , Mukanova K.A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Abzhalelov А.B. ,   Republican Collection of Microorganisms, Kobetaeva N.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Tulegenov Е.A. ,   Kazakh National Women's Pedagogical University
Published: May 2022

One of the most important directions in rice farming is highly efficient resource-saving technologies. They are not only partially reduce the environmental burden on the environment throughout the country, but also very profitable from a financial point of view for the agricultural enterprises themselves. Rice cultivation on a hydroponic plant as a method of "green technologies" solves a number of environmental problems related to rice cultivation and the quality of rice itself. технологии выращивания риса сортов «Айкерим», «Фаворит» и «Янтарь» методом гидропоники The article examines the possibility of using the hydroponics method in the cultivation of rice varieties «Aikerim», «Favorite» and «Yantar». Nutrient solutions on the basis of Flora series universal complex, Uniflor complex with trace elements, and Aquarin water-soluble fertilizer compound were selected during the experiments of 3 rice varieties vegetation. The authors propose the most appropriate composition of nutrient solution for growing these rice varieties hydroponically. The article presents biometric characteristics of rice varieties grown on hydroponics, and also offers its own scheme of a hand-assembled hydroponic installation. It was found that under the conditions of lighting, temperature, and humidity specified in the experiment, the solutions of the Flora Series and created on the basis of water-soluble mineral fertilizers and the Uniflor complex are insufficiently favorable for rice cultivation. Whereas a nutrient solution based on mineral fertilizers (potassium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, gelate) and complex give good results. Plants are obtained with full vegetation until full-grain maturity.
Giant Fibrovascular Polyp – Amending Knowledge About a Rare Entity from a Known Benign to an Unknown Malignant Behavior
Authors: Dubey Anshita , Kaur Simarpreet , Chopra Shamit
Published: May 2022

A giant fibrovascular polyp is a non-epithelial tumor of esophagus. It usually arises from the proximal esophagus behind the cricoid cartilage from the upper esophageal sphincter. These polyps were previously considered as benign non neoplastic intraluminal masses. However, with continuous studies and advanced testing by FISH (Fluorescence in situ hybridization) done in multiple cases worldwide, it has now been established that this entity is synonymous with well differentiated liposarcoma. Being proven to be a malignant entity now, care should be taken while treating such cases, as these will require an adequate resection margin during its surgical removal.

This case report aims at enlightening the treating clinicians along with reporting radiologists and pathologists about this rare entity and to emphasize on correct management for patients’ benefit as it is known for recurrence and dedifferentiation. Also, being a sarcomatous lesion, it may lead to local and distant spread and prove fatal to the patient.

Keywords: Giant fibrovascular polyp, liposarcoma, esophageal polyp
Barriers for HCV treatment in Italian Drug Abuse Service: Data from a multicentric observational study (SCUDO Project)
Authors: Nava Felice , Lucchini Alfio , Riglietta Marco , Cammarata Liborio , Fasciani Paola , Tavanti Giovanni , Trotta Paola , Trevisi Lucia
Published: May 2022

The epidemiological data suggests that people who use drugs (PWUDs) are the most important "reservoir" for the spread of HCV infection. For this reason PWUDs should be included in all HCV elimination plan as priority target for treatment.We performed an observational study in 5 Italian Drug Abuse Services (SerDs) with the main aims to determine: 1) the prevalence of HCV infection in PWUDs; 2) the most important barriers to HCV treatment.Of the about 4,000 drug users included in the study only about the 36% was tested and of them the 20% were anti HCV positive; only about the 60% of the HCV RNA positive patients were treated.The study showed several important barriers to the screening, especially when cannot used rapid tests and/or if test is not proposed periodically, and to the linkage to care, in particular when the HCV treatment cannot be given inside the SerDs.The study has also revealed as the harm reduction measures as suggested by WHO are not offered to all PWUDs. In conclusion the study suggests how inside the SerDs the barriers for HCV treatment that can be overcome with a simpler model of treatment as represented by the point of care.
Periferie: dal gioco degli opposti all'arcipelago urbano
Authors: Nuvolati Giampaolo
Published: May 2022

La sociologia urbana è in una fase di revisione dei paradigmi che l'hanno contraddistinta per buona parte del Novecento e gli inizi del XXI secolo. Oggi il rilancio della disciplina dipende fortemente dalla messa in discussione di dicotomie quali urbano vs. rurale, centro vs. periferia, locale vs. globale, e dal riconoscimento di una articolazione più complessa e originale delle parti costitutive dei fenomeni sociali a livello territoriale. In particolare questo contributo propone una riflessione che, partendo dal concetto di arcipelago, ridisegna l'urbano in un'ottica dove il concetto di periferia perde il significato attribuitogli solitamente, per venire sostituito da quello di policentrismo. Questo approccio non nega la rilevanza dei territori e la georeferenziazione dei fenomeni ma li inquadra in una prospettiva più ampia e a geometria variabile.
Il diritto alla cura dei beni comuni come palestra di democrazia
Authors: Ciaffi Daniela , Saporito Emanuela
Published: May 2022

L'incrocio tra il diritto e la sociologia urbana apre a scenari di sperimentazione di modelli democratici nuovi, permettendoci di ridefinire servizi pubblici, spazi urbani, territori come beni comuni. Secondo la prospettiva proposta, le pratiche sempre più diffuse di cittadinanza attiva, che si prende cura dei beni comuni, trasformano i cittadini/abitanti da utilizzatori/consumatori di servizi e spazi a prosumers, suggerendoci che siamo in una fase di cambio di paradigma nella rappresentazione e definizione delle istituzioni pubbliche. La scuola è proposta come campo concreto di riflessione, nel suo passaggio da servizio pubblico a bene comune, quando cioè si territorializza, diventando oggetto di cura di tutta la "comunità educante", per disegnarsi sui caratteri socio-spaziali del bisogno educativo.
Metamorfosi urbane in tempo di pandemia: alcune riflessioni
Authors: Mazzette Antonietta
Published: May 2022

Le riflessioni presenti nel saggio si fondano su un'indagine avviata all'indomani dell'emanazione del Decreto del Presidente del Consiglio dell'8 marzo 2020, con il quale sono state estese a tutto il territorio italiano le misure di contrasto e contenimento della diffusione del virus Sars Cov-2. L'indagine è stata sviluppata in tre diversi momenti: nel primo è stato somministrato un questionario online su Sicurezza e fiducia al tempo dell'emergenza sanitaria, applicando la tecnica di campionamento di tipo snowball; nel secondo è stata sottoposta una batteria di domande aperte agli interlocutori che, avendo risposto al questionario, avevano dato la disponibilità ad essere ricontattati per ulteriori approfondimenti; nel terzo momento sono state poste ulteriori domande sulla gestione dell'emergenza sanitaria ai medesimi interlocutori della seconda fase. Ai fini di questo articolo, per ragioni di brevità, esponiamo alcuni elementi emersi nella seconda fase della ricerca, relativi ai cambiamenti urbani legati all'emergenza.
Natura o tecnica? Sars-Cov-2, nuovi materialismi e critica dell'Antropocene
Authors: Pellizzoni Luigi
Published: May 2022

La pandemia del Sars-CoV-2 sollecita la sociologia dell'ambiente a interrogarsi sugli approcci adeguati a renderne conto. A lungo la disciplina è stata dominata dal dibattito tra realismo e costruttivismo, de facto privilegiando quest'ultimo. La "svolta ontologica" nelle scienze sociali e umane ha portato alla ribalta materialismi anti-dualisti, idonei sulla carta a confrontarsi con un ibrido socio-materiale quale il Sars-CoV-2. Tuttavia, le implicazioni emancipative tratte dalla critica dei dualismi moderni non hanno riscontro in una situazione in cui l'estrazione di valore coincide sempre più con la negazione della distinzione tra natura e tecnica. Il dibattito sull'Antropocene offre una prospettiva utile a fare chiarezza.
ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ВИБОРУ ПОСІВНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА МЕТОДОМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ (ЗА ТЕХНІКО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИМИ КРИТЕРІЯМИ)
Authors: Саржанов О. А. , Барабаш Г. І. , Саржанов Б. О.
Published: May 2022

Традиційно техніко-експлуатаційні показники використання машинних агрегатів в рослинництві визначаються, виходячи з того, що за довідковими даними про стан грунту та відомими тяговими зусиллями тракторів вибирають необхідну передачу, завантажуючи таким чином двигун трактора до оптимального значення, але в межах певного діапазону агротехнічно допустимих швидкостей. Але на даний момент ситуація помінялась. Інформація що до згаданих показників відсутня через те, що офіційно лабораторно-польові дослідження або не проводяться або інформація про це відсутня. Про це було сформульовано в попередній статті «ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ ВИБОРУ ПОСІВНИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА МЕТОДОМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ (за інженерно-технічними критеріями)»В запропонованій статті наведені методичні підходи по визначенню основних техніко-економічних показників нових посівних комплексів вітчизняного виробництва, по яких ще відсутня в літературних джерелах інформація що до ефективності використання в певних виробничих умовах; наведені конкретні значення складових прямих експлуатаційних та приведених витрат, що дозволить проводити аналітичні дослідження по ефективності їх використанню.
АНАЛІТИЧНІ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ЙМОВІРНОСТІ ЗМІНИ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ТЕХНІЧНОГО КОНТРОЛЮ НА БЕЗВІДМОВНІСТЬ САМОХІДНИХ ОБПРИСКУВАЧІВ
Authors: Любченко І. С. , Роговський І. Л.
Published: May 2022

В статті обговорюються питання застосування чисельних методів оптимізації другого порядку в задачах стохастичного програмування, що включають функцію ймовірності впливу на показники безвідмовності самохідних обприскувачів систем параметрів вбудованого технічного контролю, таких як повнота і глибина технічного контролю.Розроблено аналітичні моделі деяких типових структур безвідмовності самохідних обприскувачів, в яких враховуються характеристики технічного контролю за працездатністю елементів.Представлена графічна інтперпретація залежності показників безвідмовності самохідних обприскувачів від повноти технічного контролю. Підтверджено існування впливу повноти технічного контролю на показники безвідмовності структур.Розглянутий підхід із подібним аналізом дозволяє обґрунтовано висувати вимоги до характеристик систем технічного контролю самохідних обприскувачів.
ВПЛИВ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТЕХНІЧНОГО СЕРВІСУ НА ЕКОЛОГІЧНУ БЕЗПЕКУ СИСТЕМИ «ЛЮДИНА-МАШИНА-ДОВКІЛЛЯ»
Authors: Радіонов О. В. , Тарельнік Н. В. , Думанчук М. Ю.
Published: May 2022

В статті розглянуто питання підвищення екологічної безпеки технічних систем шляхом вдосконалення їх технічного сервісу. Розглянуто вплив комплексу заходів з техніного обслуговування обладнання на надійність функціонування технічних систем. Приділена увага питанням модернізації технологічного устаткування, що забезпечує поліпшення властивостей системи в жорстких умовах існуючої конструкції. Представлено досвід модернізаціїї електродвигунів шляхом застосування магніторідинних герметизирующих комплексів. Запропоновано варіант модернізації підшипникових вузлів насосних та компресорних агрегатів шляхов формування комплексних електроіскрових покриттів на елементах підшипників ковзання.
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCES OF THE TRANSITION FROM ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL LEARNING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Bäcklund Johan , Hugo Martin , Ericson Kerstin
Published: May 2022

The transition from analogue campus-based learning to digital distance learning during the Covid-19 pandemic affected our society in many ways. This study set out to explore the experiences of 30 pre-service teachers when transitioning to digital distance learning. The pre-service teachers (PSTs) participated in a series of focus-group interviews that were subsequently analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results indicate that the transition to digital distance learning worked well and that the technology that was used performed satisfactorily. However, the PSTs experienced both opportunities and obstacles with respect to distance learning. The opportunities associated with digital distance learning were reported to be instantiated by teacher-led ‘flipped classroom’ teaching sessions and the additional freedom that was enjoyed by the PSTs (in both space and time). An obstacle associated with digital learning was the feeling that important aspects of interpersonal interaction disappeared. The PSTs remained sedentary and isolated at home, and the learning experience became somewhat dysfunctional when the teaching was not clearly structured and teacher-lead. The study concludes that it is not possible to replace IRL (‘in real life’) teaching entirely with digital distance learning. However, the results suggest that a hybrid form of teaching or elements of digital teaching can work well as a complement to future campus-based courses. Keywords: Covid-19, digital learning, digital teaching, distance learning, hybrid learning
THE INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN PERCEIVED SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF-ASSESSMENT SKILLS OF ACADEMIC PROGRESS IN STUDENTS
Authors: Blândul Valentin Cosmin , Bradea Adela
Published: May 2022

Self-assessment in the school environment can be defined as the students’ ability to make valuable judgements about their own academic performance, either by reference to the teacher’s educational goals, previous academic results, or the academic performance of other colleagues. The formation of such self-assessment skills is strongly influenced by a number of internal and external psycho-pedagogical factors, including chronological age, motivation for learning, level of cognitive development, perceived self-efficacy, the teacher's teaching style, the social status of the student's family, their group affiliation, etc. Starting from this point, the purpose of the present research was the analysis of the students’ degree of awareness of the role of perceived self-efficacy in the formation of objective didactic self-evaluation skills. The research sample consisted of 108 students, currently attending the Psycho-Pedagogy and Methodology Study Program courses at the University of Oradea and Emanuel University of Oradea, Romania. The research methodology was targeted at requesting these students to self-assess their performance in a subject of the afore-stated study program, respectively administering a scale for measuring personal self-efficacy. The results showed that most of the students tended to either evaluate themselves objectively or under-evaluate themselves, against the backdrop of a high level of perceived self-efficacy, respectively of superior academic performance. Keywords: academic performance, didactic self-evaluation skills, perceived self-efficacy, self-image, teaching career
ISSUES IN SUBJECT COMBINATIONS CHOICE AT ADVANCED LEVEL SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA
Authors: Ndihokubwayo Kizito , Ukobizaba Fidele , Byusa Edwin , Rukundo Jean Claude
Published: May 2022

The present study explored the issues related to subject combinations choice at advanced level secondary schools in Rwanda. Three schools with various subject combinations were conveniently selected from three districts in Rwanda. Two hundred and thirty-eight participants, including 211 students (grade 10 to 12), three director of studies (DOS), and 24 teachers, were selected purposively to participate in this study. A survey questionnaire for students, interviews with DOS, and focus group discussions with teachers were employed to collect qualitative and quantitative data for triangulation purposes. For instance, a questionnaire was used to reveal students' choice of their subject combinations, a DOS interview to learn how combinations are assigned to students, and teacher FGD to learn difficulties students face due to assigned subjects. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The results analysis revealed that some students studied what they chose, while others were given what to study based on their performance or influenced by their parents' preferences. Therefore, students reported that they struggled to perform successfully at A' level while they used to perform well at the O' level. It was noticed that what some students learn at A' level have a negative effect on their future life. This study recommends that (i) the career development stakeholders should sensitize students about the impact of the wrong choice, (ii) Rwanda Basic Education Board (REB) should train career guides to help students choose their best combinations, and (iii) students' interests should be given preference than their performance.
Keywords: advanced level secondary, career path, Rwandan schools, students' choice, subject combinations
Freedom of Press in Myanmar
Authors: Aung Khin Thitsa
Published: May 2022

Every person has to enjoy freedom of expressing their opinion and information and they also have the duties to refrain from affecting the right and reputation of other persons. Since it is not an absolute right, the person who practices the right to freedom of press needs to respect the rights and reputations of others. This paper used a qualitative approach by reviewing relevant literature such as international legal instruments, domestic laws and reports regarding freedom of expression. This research mainly based on primary and secondary resources because the required information is obtained from Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), General Comment No.34, Johannesburg Principles on National Security and some Myanmar laws such as the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, the Telecommunication Law 2013, the News Media Law 2014, the Official Secrets Act 1923 and the Unlawful Association Act 1908. Although Section 354(a) of the Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar provides that every citizen has a right to express and publish freely their convictions and opinions, many people including journalists and news media men can be prosecuted under the provisions of the existing laws. Thus, when many people posted information in their own pages, they have been charged with the provisions of the existing laws. Therefore, the existing laws in Myanmar which contain restricted provisions for freedom of press should be repealed or amended and new laws should be enacted in line with the International Human Right standards.
Development and Validation of Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of Aldrin and Dieldrin in Serum
Authors: İŞİNER KAYA Betül , GÜRLER Mukaddes
Published: May 2022

Aim: Exposure to many banned pesticides continues all over the world and in our country due to the long half-lives of pesticides. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to obtain a rapid, simple, and convenient method for the simultaneous determination of aldrin and dieldrin.
Material and Methods: Method improving and validation assessment are the most important elements for establishing reference techniques and reliable analysis results. In order to analyze analytes, validation of the analytical method is carried out by checking the parameters of specificity, recovery, precision, linearity, the limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantification (LOQ).
Results: In our study, an easily applicable, so rapid, effective, and safe GC-MS method was created for the determination of aldrin and dieldrin in serum. In the developed method, 4,4'-Dichlorobenzophenone (4,4-DBP) was used as the internal standard. Aldrin and dieldrin were analyzed in serum in a very short time of 4 minutes. Linear correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.99) of the linear calibration curves between a range of 1-250 ng/mL of analytes in serum were established. The limit of detection for aldrin and dieldrin were 0.28 and 0.29 ng/mL, respectively. More than 80% recovery of aldrin and dieldrin were obtained at high concentrations, and consistent relative standard deviation (RSD ˂ 6.03%) values were found for both pesticides.
Conclusion: This new method can reliably and quickly be used in routine analysis. The study showed that exposure to aldrin and dieldrin can be detected and monitored in such a short time as four minutes.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIMINAL PUNISHMENT IN THE FORM OF COMPULSORY LABOR
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, SEREBRENNIKOVA ANNA
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the issue of effectiveness in relation to criminal punishment in the form of compulsory labor. The presented research is aimed at eliminating gaps in the current legislation. The purpose of the study: to analyze the modern understanding of compulsory labor as a type of criminal punishment. Summarize and analyze statistical data, law enforcement practice. To investigate controversial issues not resolved in the criminal law doctrine. Methodology and methods: the article uses both general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, and the method of interpretation of legal norms. Conclusions: based on the analysis of the points of view formulated in the theory of sciences of the criminal law cycle, legislation and empirical materials, the author formulates conclusions about the content of the concept of "effectiveness" in relation to criminal penalties in general and mandatory work in particular. In addition, the author identifies problems of a theoretical and applied nature related to the application and execution of the analyzed punishment.
THE ECONOMIC NATURE OF THE INCENTIVE REWARD OF THE INSOLVENCY OFFICER AND THE GROUNDS FOR ITS PAYMENT
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Anti-Crisis Management, Moscow, Russian Federation, AKULOV ANDREY , RYAKHOVSKY DMITRIY ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the economic and legal features of the payment of incentive reward to insolvency officers in the framework of debtor's bankruptcy cases; the grounds for the payment of subsidiary reward in the context of regulations in the field of bankruptcy and the position of the Federal Tax Service of Russia as an authorized body in bankruptcy cases are disclosed; on the example of bankruptcy practice, the role of the authorized body and insolvency officers in resolving disputes on bringing the persons controlling the debtor to subsidiary liability and paying them incentive reward is shown; the features of the payment of reward in the recovery of subsidiary liability from the persons controlling the debtor in the form of compensation are considered. The research was carried out in order to generalize modern theory and practice in revealing the nature of the bankruptcy reward and the conditions that determine the grounds for paying incentive reward to insolvency officers when bringing the persons controlling the debtor to subsidiary liability, which will improve the efficiency of the implementation of the procedures used in bankruptcy cases, on the basis of modern motivational mechanism.
Association Between Neddylation and Immune Response
Authors: Zhu Jiali , Chu Feng , Zhang Meirong , Sun Wenhuan , Zhou Fangfang
Published: May 2022

Neddylation is a ubiquitin-like post-translational protein modification. It occurs via the activation of the neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally downregulated protein 8 (NEDD8) by three enzymes: activating enzyme, conjugating enzyme, and ligase. NEDD8 was first isolated from the mouse brain in 1992 and was initially considered important for the development and differentiation of the central nervous system. Previously, the downregulation of neddylation was associated with some human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. In recent years, neddylation has also been proven to be pivotal in various processes of the human immune system, including the regulation of inflammation, bacterial infection, viral infection, and T cell function. Additionally, NEDD8 was found to act on proteins that can affect viral transcription, leading to impaired infectivity. Here, we focused on the influence of neddylation on the innate and adaptive immune responses.
Mouse Models of Liver Parenchyma Injuries and Regeneration
Authors: Du Yuan , Zhang Wencheng , Qiu Hua , Xiao Canjun , Shi Jun , Reid Lola M. , He Zhiying
Published: May 2022

Mice have genetic and physiological similarities with humans and a well-characterized genetic background that is easy to manipulate. Murine models have become the most favored, robust mammalian systems for experimental analyses of biological processes and disease conditions due to their low cost, rapid reproduction, a wealth of mouse strains with defined genetic conditions (both native ones as well as ones established experimentally), and high reproducibility with respect to that which can be done in experimental studies. In this review, we focus on murine models for liver, an organ with renown regenerative capacity and the organ most central to systemic, complex metabolic and physiological functions for mammalian hosts. Establishment of murine models has been achieved for all aspects of studies of normal liver, liver diseases, liver injuries, and regenerative repair mechanisms. We summarize key information on current mouse systems that partially model facets of clinical scenarios, particularly those associated with drug-induced acute or chronic liver injuries, dietary related, non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), hepatitis virus infectious chronic liver diseases, and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). In addition, we also include mouse models that are suitable for studying liver cancers (e.g., hepatocellular carcinomas), the aging process (senescence, apoptosis), and various types of liver injuries and regenerative processes associated with them.
Automated Peptide Synthesizers and Glycoprotein Synthesis
Authors: Tian Jiekang , Li Yaohao , Ma Bo , Tan Zhongping , Shang Shiying
Published: May 2022

The development and application of commercially available automated peptide synthesizers has played an essential role in almost all areas of peptide and protein research. Recent advances in peptide synthesis method and solid-phase chemistry provide new opportunities for optimizing synthetic efficiency of peptide synthesizers. The efforts in this direction have led to the successful preparation of peptides up to more than 150 amino acid residues in length. Such success is particularly useful for addressing the challenges associated with the chemical synthesis of glycoproteins. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the evolution of peptide synthesizer and glycoprotein synthesis. The discussions in this article include the principles underlying the representative synthesizers, the strengths and weaknesses of different synthesizers in light of their principles, and how to further improve the applicability of peptide synthesizers in glycoprotein synthesis.
RRLC-QTOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Reveal the Mechanism of Chemical Variations and Transformations of Astragali Radix as a Result of the Roasting Process
Authors: Li Yang , Huang Shenhui , Sun Jie , Duan Weiping , Li Cunyu , Peng Guoping , Zheng Yunfeng
Published: May 2022

Astragali Radix (AR), which is extensively used as a healthy food supplement and medicinal herb, contains two forms of products corresponding to raw Astragalus Radix (RAR) and processed Astragali Radix (PAR), which was obtained by roasting. In this study, a non-targeted rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q/TOF-MS) based metabolomics approach was developed to investigate the chemical changes of AR due to roasting. A total of 63 compounds were identified or tentatively identified. Among them, 23 isoflavonoids (composed of 12 isoflavones, eight pterocarpans, and three isoflavans) and six cycloastragenols were characterized as differential metabolites. Heatmap visualization and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC–PDA-ELSD) quantitative analysis revealed that malonyl isoflavonoids or cycloastragenols were at higher levels in RAR. These might be converted to corresponding acetyl isoflavonoids and cycloastragenols and related isoflavonoid glycosides during roasting. To prove this prediction, chemical conversion experiments on malonyl isoflavonoids and cycloastragenols were performed to confirm and clarify the chemical transformation mechanism.
Oxidation of Iodine to Dihaloiodate(I) Salts of Amines With Hydrogen Peroxides and Their Crystal Structures
Authors: Prinčič Griša Grigorij , Maselj Nik , Goreshnik Evgeny , Iskra Jernej
Published: May 2022

Herein we report a general preparation of dihaloiodate salts of heterocyclic amines (tertiary and quaternary) with sterically accessible and hindered nitrogen atom. A number of such compounds were prepared from preformed HICl2or HIBr2formedin situby the reaction of corresponding hydrogen halide, iodine and H2O2. The salts of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) and its methylated derivatives, 1,3,5,7-tetraazaadamantane (HMTA), diazabicycloundecene (DBU) and 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) were obtained in excellent yields and their structure was determined by NMR and Raman spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Non-hindered bases such as DABCO, HMTA and DBU formed IX2−salts, which further decomposed to complexes with interhalogen compounds due to formation of N…X halogen bonds. The dihaloiodiate(I) salts of sterically hindered 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylpyridine were stable. Its dichlorobromate(I) salt was also preparedviaa different synthetic method usingN-chlorosuccinimide as oxidant.
Geochemical Characteristics and Quality Appraisal of Groundwater From Huatugou of the Qaidam Basin on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Shengbin , Xie Zhan , Wang Fenglin , Zhang Yuqing , Wang Wanping , Liu Kui , Qi Zexue , Zhao Fengyun , Zhang Guoqiang , Xiao Yong
Published: May 2022

Groundwater is the foremost water resource for various purposes in arid regions. The extremely arid climate makes groundwater geochemistry there evolve faster in a short distance and water supply face higher pressure of poor geochemical quality. A hyper-arid watershed on the Tibetan Plateau was investigated to get insights into the geochemical signature, formation, and quality suitability of groundwater there. A total of 13 surface water samples and 32 phreatic groundwater samples were collected for hydrogeochemical analysis. The results showed groundwater had better hydrogeochemical quality than surface water and was more favorable for human society utilization. Groundwater was dominated by relatively fresh hydrochemical facies of HCO3–Ca, mixed HCO3–Na·Ca, and mixed Cl–Mg·Ca type with more than 93% of samples having the TDS below 1,000 mg/L. Most of the groundwaters were soft fresh water (84.38%) and had excellent to good quality (93%) for domestic purposes based on entropy-weighted water quality index evaluation. Groundwater was suitable for irrigation in terms of sodium and permeability hazard, but the potential salinity hazard should be concerned. The poor geochemical quality of groundwater was ascribed to the salinity caused by strong evaporation. Natural rock–water interactions including silicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, and cation exchange were still the predominated processes governing groundwater chemical composition. The influence of human activities was very limited. Groundwater resource exploitation and management should mainly consider the salinity and strong evaporation due to shallow water depth.
A Logistic Modelling Analysis for Wind Energy Potential Assessment and Forecasting its Diffusion in Pakistan
Authors: Khatri Shoaib Ahmed , Harijan Khanji , Uqaili Mohammad Aslam , Shah Syed Feroz , Mirjat Nayyar Hussain , Kumar Laveet
Published: May 2022

There is increased focus to harness renewable energy resources in the 21st century to contain climate change and attain energy security. In this context, wind energy is attaining a significant marketplace to meet the ever-increasing electricity demand. This study, as such, undertakes wind energy assessment and forecasts wind power market penetration in Pakistan considering three different scenarios for the period 2020–2050. The modeling approach of this study is based on the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) optimization method, which is used to estimate the parameters of the logistic model to improve forecasting precision. It is revealed that around 55, 64, and 73% of wind potential could be technically exploited under each of the three scenarios, respectively. The Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) for each scenario are also estimated. The anticipated annual abatement of GHG emissions and CERs earnings at 30% capacity utilization factor is found to be 158 million CERs by the year 2050. These results suggest that wind energy offers great potential to attain energy security, environmental stability, and sustainable development in Pakistan. This study would assist energy professionals, government, and stakeholders to undertake wind energy market assessment and devise appropriate energy management plans.
Recognition of Bird Nests on Power Transmission Lines in Aerial Images Based on Improved YOLOv4
Authors: Zhang Zhaoyun , He Guanfeng
Published: May 2022

Bird nests on transmission line towers pose a serious threat to the safe operation of power systems. Exploring an effective method to detect bird nests taken by drone inspection is crucial. However, the images taken by drones have problems such as drastic changes in the size of the object, occlusion of the object, and inconsistency in the characteristics of the object in relation to the background. The original YOLOv4 model has difficulty solving these problems. Therefore, this article improves the original YOLOv4 model by adding a Swin transformer block to its backbone network, fusing the attention mechanism into the neck of the original model, implementing classification and regression tasks for head decoupling, and using an anchor-free frame strategy and the SimOTA sample allocation method. The improved model was trained and tested on a bird nest dataset, and the detection accuracy reached 88%. Finally, the method was compared and evaluated against Faster R-CNN, RetinaNet, SSD, and the original YOLOv4, four of the other mainstream object detection models. The results showed that the accuracy obtained by the algorithm was better than the other models; the algorithm could effectively detect difficult objects such as multiple angles, occlusions, and small objects, and the detection speed could meet the real-time requirements.
Intraday Scheduling of a System With Following Units Based on Two-Stage Stochastic Programming
Authors: Zhou Yunhai , Jia Qian , Xin Yuejie , Zhang Tao
Published: May 2022

In order to further reduce the impact of renewable energy forecast errors on the system scheduling plan, this paper proposes an intraday rolling scheduling strategy for systems with following units based on two-stage stochastic programming. Firstly, the nonparametric kernel density is used to estimate the probability density function of wind and photovoltaic power prediction errors. The first stage is to pre-decide the operating state of the following unit with the goal of minimizing the start-stop cost of the fast unit. Then, based on the determined start-stop information in the second stage, the active power output of each unit is optimized with the goal of the lowest expected cost of the overall system operation. Finally, the objective function is linearized to transform the model into a mixed integer linear programming problem, which can be solved with the help of the solver software GUROBI. Through the analysis of practical examples, it is verified that the built model can reduce the number of starts and stops of the following units, reducing the operating cost of the power system and increasing the rate of renewable energy on-grid, which has more practical application significance.
Sustainable Entrepreneurship in Rural E-Commerce: Identifying Entrepreneurs in Practitioners by Using Deep Neural Networks Approach
Authors: Xie Guojie , Huang Lijuan , Bin Hou , Apostolidis Chrysostomos , Jiang Yaohui , Li Guokai , Cai Weiwei
Published: May 2022

The digital divide between urban and rural communities has substantially narrowed as information and communication technology has evolved, enabling increasingly more interactions between urban and rural areas. Rural areas now have the foundation and conditions to take advantage of e-commerce opportunities, which is no longer exclusively a city-centric economic mode. Taking advantage of the Internet’s vast resources, many villagers jumped at the opportunity to launch rural e-commerce businesses. Rural inhabitants, however, face several challenges when it comes to starting their own e-commerce enterprises. Meanwhile, local governments and rural e-commerce platform providers, find it difficult to provide accurate help to practitioners and entrepreneurs. To this end, a system of indicators based on a model of entrepreneurial events was developed to identify e-commerce entrepreneurs. And the main objective of this paper is to explore the factors influencing the abilities and expectations of rural residents to set up their own e-commerce businesses in order to provide them with tailored support. Survey data from 162 rural e-commerce practitioners were analyzed using a deep neural network in R. The results reveal that the index system developed in this paper has a good level of reliability and validity, and the prediction approach has a high degree of precision (over 90%), indicating that it can successfully identify rural e-commerce entrepreneurs. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend that local governments and e-commerce businesses work together to address the practical issues of perceived feasibility and desirability for rural e-commerce practitioners. Residents in rural areas who want to start their own businesses can take advantage of the development opportunities provided by the information and communication technology, while local governments should keep up with the speed of digitization and informatization to better manage rural economic growth.
Feature Recognition of Urban Industrial Land Renewal Based on POI and RS Data: The Case of Beijing
Authors: Liu Ruirui , Zhao Huafu , Yang Chun , Yang Hongyi
Published: May 2022

Urban renewal has increasingly become a hot topic in international urban sustainable development management, and many countries have also carried out a lot of practice. However, there is still a lack of fast and effective methods for how quickly identifying the spatial characteristics of urban renewal to dynamically grasp the renewal effect. The purpose of this study is to identify the renewal characteristics of urban industrial land based on the POI (Points of Interest) data and RS data of the Internet map, and to provide an innovative method for better understanding the renewal effect of urban industrial land and its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. The results show that: 1) Since the decentralization of non-capital functions in Beijing, industrial development has spread from a high degree of agglomeration to the whole area. The number of high-density areas has decreased from nine to five, and the number of medium-density areas has increased significantly.2) Land-use types in the six districts of Beijing have changed, warehousing and logistics land and industrial land have been reduced greatly, and the number and area of park green space have greatly increased.3) The level of matching between RS image interpretation and POI data is uneven. RS interpretation is accurate for large-scale feature recognition, and POI data are sensitive to small-scale industries. In conclusion, In the process of identifying the renewal feature of urban industrial land, POI and RS data can respectively obtain certain results. The integration of POI and RS can better identify the temporal and spatial changes of the industry.