bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is it time to update our dermal filler terminology for the modern consumer?
Authors: Fletcher Leslie
Published: November 2016

Even though dermal fillers are one of the fastest growing categories of non-surgical aesthetic treatments, Leslie Fletcher believes there is still a huge population of people that are fearful of what the results would look like on them. Catering to their reasonable fears of looking ‘too full’ or ‘too different’, it would stand to reason to update our terminology to address the desires of these prospective patients
Advice for aesthetic nurses on how to handle a fitness-to-practise investigation
Authors: Di-Scala Naomi
Published: November 2016

Fitness-to-practise hearings are a possibility for all registered nurses. While being under investigation by the Nursing and Midwifery Council can be a difficult time, being compliant and having the right insurance will provide the support needed. Naomi Di-Scala gives practitioners an insight into the reasons why investigations take place, what processes are involved and the implications if sanctions are imposed
Alternative dispute resolution: what is it and why is it needed in this industry?
Authors: Senior Amy
Published: November 2016

As of October 2015, all traders are legally required to inform clients of an appropriate redress scheme as part of their complaints policy or procedure. In line with this, the Cosmetic Redress Scheme (CRS) has been created as the only industry-specific scheme approved by trading standards. Amy Senior outlines the purpose of the CRS and how problems arising in aesthetic clinics can be effectively resolved
Providing treatment packages for patients who are seeking facial rejuvenation
Authors: Smith Victoria , Wiggins Nancy
Published: November 2016

Recommending a combined range of treatments gives aesthetic practitioners and clinics a golden opportunity to upsell and cross-sell their services, generating repeat sales and encouraging loyalty. Victoria Smith and Nancy Wiggins discuss the value of offering patients several procedures at a time, and explain how this can add value and be more cost-effective than an expensive marketing plan
What does accreditation mean for patients having non-surgical cosmetic procedures?
Authors: Taber Sally
Published: November 2016

Although patient safety continues to be a priority for the majority of practitioners, the aesthetic sector remains unregulated. The accreditation of two voluntary registers, Save Face and Treatments You Can Trust, by the Professional Standards Authority, is a positive step forward for improving standards of care. Sally Taber explains why the independent verification of aesthetic clinics by a third party is so important
Travelling for love: Long distance relationships in Australia
Authors: Wishart Alison
Published: November 2016

This article draws on four true stories of long distance relationships to discuss how the tangible evidence of long distance love has changed over the past 130 years. The medium for expressing love has passed from hand-written letters and carte de viste portraits to the digital era, which has had a profound effect on the nature and style of communication. The way these respective couples ‘beat the distance’ and the significance of the different modes of contact is examined. Today, romantic communications take on added significance if they are needed as proof of a committed relationship for partner visa applications. After World War II, travelling for love became an international phenomenon, when an estimated 15,000 Australian war brides crossed the seas to join the men they had met during the war. The ideal of romantic love and the feminist response to it is briefly examined. While the material culture of long distance love has evolved to be more immediate, it is not necessarily more intimate nor satisfying.
Writing melancholia: Light and dark in the sartorial aesthetics of antipodean literature
Authors: Richards Harriette
Published: November 2016

Clothes have a significant presence in literature, in terms of both the construction and the reconstruction of a historical moment and its literary representations. Of particular interest in this article is the role of clothes and sartorial fashion in the aesthetics of such historical moments, and how the literary representation of dress contributes to the production of distinctive national aesthetics in the antipodes – New Zealand and Australia. In particular, this article considers the use of light and dark in the dress represented in two contrasting texts, in order to explore the ways in which fashion functions in the writing of melancholia. The aesthetics of melancholia are determined by both light and dark, not simply by darkness. It is the contrast between the two that produces the sense of unease and loss that engenders the melancholy aesthetic. In considering the use of light and dark in the sartorial aesthetics of two antipodean literary texts it is possible to reflect upon the particularities of sartorial aesthetic modes in order to open up questions concerning the role of literary fashion in the construction of national aesthetic identity.
Female corporeality in the Thirdspace music videos of FKA twigs
Authors: Derbas Alexia
Published: November 2016

As a technology of gender, the music video genre has consistently acted to represent women as sexually available. Patriarchal discourses have been inscribed onto the bodies of women, in an industry predominantly controlled by white, male record executives. Gendered representations are constructed by the music video technology, but are also absorbed by viewers. British singer, songwriter and dancer FKA twigs’ self-directed music videos challenge the sexualization of women. The artist offers viewers an intense bodily experience of femininity, devoid of Mulvey’s ‘male gaze’. This article argues the complex representation of the artist’s body using corporeal feminist theory and posthuman notions of the cyborg. FKA twigs’ representations of female sexuality and the cyborg are considered in three music videos. The article explores the texts as a Thirdspace, resisting and encompassing dichotomized discourses such as masculine–feminine, inside–outside, intellect–emotion, organic– artificial. The strong, permeable, cyborg body of FKA twigs occupies a Thirdspace of corporeal subjectivity resisting patriarchal discourses that suggest the female body exists to be looked at.
Reviews DVD/Blu-ray
Authors: Brewer Reed , Estes Leila , Scaparo Chic , Anundson Abigail , Blankenship Paige , Gentry Jackson R. , Merchant Travis Richard , Okamoto Brianna , Plantamura Lydia , Saller Chance , Wassil Rachel
Published: November 2016

The Vanishing (Spoorloos, 1988) Netherlands/France Director George Sluizer Runtime 106 minutes

Blu-ray/DVD USA, 2014 Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region 1)

Behind the Mirror: Stephen Frears’s My Beautiful Laundrette

My Beautiful Laundrette (1985) United Kingdom Director Stephen Frears Runtime 98 minutes

Blu-ray United Kingdom, 2015 Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region A/1)

Blue Ruin (2013) USA Director Jeremy Saulnier Runtime 90 minutes

DVD USA, 2013 Distributed by Anchor Bay Entertainment (region 1)

Magnificent Obsession in 13 Frames

Magnificent Obsession (1954) USA Director Douglas Sirk Runtime 108 minutes

DVD USA, 2009 Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region 1)

The Darjeeling Limited in 16 Frames

The Darjeeling Limited (2007) USA Director Wes Anderson Runtime 91 minutes

DVD USA, 2010 Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region 1)
Projective art and the ‘staging’ of empathic projection
Authors: Wilder Ken
Published: November 2016

Michael Fried’s unexpected contribution to defining the ontological status of video art includes an intriguing claim that projective art is particularly suited to the ‘staging’ of empathic projection. Fried applies Stanley Cavell’s notion of empathic projection, developed in relation to skepticism of ‘other minds’, to moving image installations that not only exploit the beholder’s capacity for empathically projecting, but do so in such a way as to reveal the mechanism at play. In developing this claim, I compare Fried’s key example of Douglas Gordon’s Play Dead; Real Time (2003) with Bill Viola and Kira Perov’s Martyrs (2014), a work that likewise elicits an emotional response but without a compensatory (and hence critical) foregrounding of the underlying structuring mechanism. However, the comparison suggests that the staging of empathic projection should not be interpreted as an anti-theatrical strategy (as Fried contends), but rather as an exemplary manifestation of what I am calling the configurational encounter – a revealing of the artwork’s conditions of existence. I reference Paul Sharits’s Epileptic Seizure Comparison (1976), an important (and unacknowledged) precursor to Gordon’s staging of empathic projection. Finally, I consider Chris Welsby’s landscape films in the light of the capacity of technology to reveal psychological mechanisms of projection, tracing such processes of projection to early childhood experiences of differentiating the human from the non-human.
Estudos Europeus em Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Manuela Tavares
Published: November 2016

Analisar, interpretar e pensar a Europa, com base em estudos orientados por uma pluridisciplinaridade multifocal tem como linha-mestra fomentar a aprendizagem e a reflexão crítica, a fim de se fazer o diagnóstico das estruturas e das representações geográficas, históricas, políticas, sociais, económicas, culturais, religiosas, como ainda das mentalidades e das aspirações, tendo sempre presente a alteridade em todas as suas dimensões. É no prosseguimento deste desiderato que se insere a criação em Portugal de cursos em Estudos Europeus. Em várias áreas têm sido igualmente oferecidos cursos vocacionados para a formação de economistas, de juristas, de docentes, de políticos, de politólogos, de historiadores dos Estudos Europeus. Enquadrados no âmbito de várias Universidades, Institutos e Escolas Superiores, Centros de Investigação, Fundações, os Estudos Europeus mobilizam também saberes humanísticos.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_1
Portugal, política regional e Ultraperiferia
Authors: Valente Isabel Maria Freitas
Published: November 2016

A reflexão sobre este tema centra-se na política regional europeia, em particular em Portugal e, numa perspectiva ainda mais específica na ultraperiferia portuguesa. Neste sentido, optou-se pela divisão do trabalho em três partes. Uma introdução sintética e abrangente, cronologicamente orientada, sobre a génese e evolução da política regional no seio das Comunidades Europeias. Estabelecida esta matização inicial de referência, procedeu-se a uma leitura retrospectiva ainda que breve da política regional europeia em Portugal e nas Regiões Ultraperiféricas Portuguesas.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_10
CONCEIÇÃO, Eugénia, O Futuro da União Europeia, Lisboa, Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos, 2016. ISBN 978-989-881-937-6
Authors: Neves Maria João
Published: November 2016

https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_12
Mulheres Portuguesas na Europa. Abertura ao Europeísmo no século XX
Authors: Baltazar Isabel
Published: November 2016

Este estudo tem como objectivo revelar as Mulheres Portuguesas e Europeias que contribuíram para a construção europeia. Em Portugal, são de destacar as figuras de Vasconcelos, Elina Guimarães e Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo. A primeira participou na discussão sobre o Projecto Federal Europeu de Aristides Briand, no seio da Sociedade das Nações. A segunda, na mesma época, mas em Portugal, revelou conhecer bem a discussão sobre o projecto europeu, através da página Feminista da Revista Portugal Feminino. Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, a mulher com projecção nacional e internacional, conciliou o pragmatismo político com a reflexão sobre a Europa, ficando na história de trinta anos de integração de Portugal na Europa. A nível europeu, refira-se a figura de Louise Weiss, a europeísta convicta e as reflexões de Maria Antonietta Macchiocchi sobre a Europa.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_2
Europa e Europas no Discurso da Seara Nova (1921-1929)
Authors: Santos Natália Neves dos
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo debruça-se sobre a ideia de Europa presente na revista Seara Nova, ponto de encontro de parte da intelectualidade portuguesa, ao longo dos anos 20 do século passado. Procura também aferir o seu contributo na consolidação do sentimento europeu e da sua posição quanto a iniciativas europeístas então surgidas. Situa-se, portanto, no pós-1ª Guerra Mundial, momento em que o quadro político e territorial internacional está em mudança, em busca de novo eixo de equilíbrio entre as diversas potências e em que princípios como internacionalismo, europeísmo, universalismo e pacifismo são relançados e repensados nos debates relativos aos assuntos internacionais.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_3
Proteção jurisdicional efetiva na União Europeia: evolução e perspetivas (ou expetativas) futuras
Authors: Proença Carlos
Published: November 2016

Na evolução do sistema de proteção jurisdicional da União Europeia assinala-se a atribuição de força jurídica à Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais e a previsão da adesão da União à Convenção Europeia dos Direitos Humanos, alterações introduzidas pelo Tratado de Lisboa, com o qual também avulta a eventualidade de condenação dos Estados membros em sanções pecuniárias na mesma ação por incumprimento e a possibilidade de as pessoas físicas ou coletivas interporem recursos de anulação contra atos regulamentares. Se ao Tratado de Lisboa se deve ainda a consagração do direito à tutela jurisdicional efetiva, perdeu-se, contudo, outra oportunidade para se reconhecer ao Provedor de Justiça da União legitimidade para impugnar atos legislativos; ao mesmo tempo, apraz-nos-ia uma inversão da jurisprudência Foto-frost, que negou aos tribunais nacionais a prerrogativa de julgar inválidas disposições europeias.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_4
The 2007 Portuguese Presidency of the European Union and Russia
Authors: Fernandes Sandra
Published: November 2016

The relations between the European Union (EU) and Russia have attained today a pick of tensions since their inception in the 90’s and dialogue on European affairs is broadly stagnated. As compared to other member states, especially after the 2004 enlargement, Portugal has maintained neutral or even good relations with Moscow. This paper aims at analyzing the impact of the 2007 Portuguese EU presidency on EU-Russia relations. Although Portugal assumed presidencies earlier, in 1992 and 2000, the 2007 leadership corresponds to a particular strained context that later materialized in a clear degradation of the dialogue with Moscow.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_8
Effect of light and temperature on germination of Costus arabicus L., seeds an tropical ornamental species
Authors: Tavares Armando Reis , Santos Nara Oshiro , Kanashiro Shoey , Santos Vanessa Rebouças do
Published: November 2016

Costus arabicus L. (Costaceae) is a tropical species native from Brazil. The species has ornamental potential as garden and vase plant, and for flower and stem cutting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the seed germination of C. arabicus under different of light and temperature conditions. Seeds subjected to constant temperatures of 20, 25 and 30 °C under photoperiod of 12 h of light or dark. The parameters analyzed were percentage of germination and germination speed index (GSI). The highest germination percentage (70%) was under temperature of 30 °C, both in light or dark. The GSI showed that the germination rate increases as temperature increases, mainly on 30 °C. C. arabicus seeds germinated in the presence or absence of light, thus was considered neutral photoblastic and germination on light under 30 °C was more efficient for seed germination.
Morpho-anatomical characterization of diaspores and seedlings of Livistona rotundifolia
Authors: Padilha Viana Fábio Alessandro , Pinheiro Costa Anne , Vitti Moro Fabíola , Fernandes Lopes Pivetta Kathia
Published: November 2016

Livistona rotundifolia (Lam.) Mart. (Arecaceae) is an ornamentally important species used for landscaping and commonly grown as a potted plant. However, seedling production is hindered by the lack of information available about the species germination process and it could be subsidized by seed and seedling anatomical and morphological studies. Therefore, this study aimed at describing L. rotundifolia diaspore morphology in addition to seedling morphology and anatomy. Germination is tubular remote and begins with the opening of a circular operculum in the fruit endocarp through which the cotyledonary petiole is emitted. The endosperm is consumed as cotyledonary petiole grows. Eophyll is covered by two leaf sheaths and the first L. rotundifolia leaves are simple and lanceolate, with longitudinal and parallel veins. The developing cotyledonary petiole presents root hairs and a typical stem structure. The cotyledonary petiole/root transition region shows secondary root emission, parenchyma cells, and groups of fiber bundles. Roots present a well-defined cortex with polyarc vascular cylinder. Cortex and vascular cylinder are not well-differentiated in the root apex. The results of this study will contribute to the overall biology of L. rotundifolia, as well as to seedling production and species identification, subsidizing regeneration and conservation studies.
Quality maintenance Tropical Plants
Authors: Dias Gláucia Moraes
Published: November 2016

The climatic characteristics of the country favor the cultivation of tropical flowers. The continued expansion of this market is due the beauty, exoticit nature and postharvest longevity of flower. However, little is known about the postharvest of tropical plants. Therefore, this paper provides information on harvest, handling and storage of cut tropical plantspostharvest, storage temperature, conditioning solution.
ON EFFICIENT OPERATIONAL CONCEPT OF FUTURE HIGH-SPEED RAILWAY IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Drábek Michal
Published: November 2016

The aim of this paper is to elaborate a layout of the first operational concept of Rapid Services with 1 hour system travel time between Praha and Brno. Two basic methods are used – Integrated Periodic Timetable (periodic rendezvous of all services in IPT-nodes) and Operational Concept Economy Approach, as defined below by the author. In this paper, three recent high-speed railway concepts for the future so-called Rapid Services network of the Czech Republic are followed-up. The first one is an operational traffic planning study by Kalcík, Janoš et al. on behalf of Czech Ministry of Transport from 2010. The second one is the high-speed railway promoting book High Speed Rail Even in the Czech Republic by Šlegr et al. from 2012, with likely the most detailed concept of Rapid Services network. The third one is a paper on progress of the official spatial-technical studies for some future Czech high-speed lines by Šulc from 2014. The importance of achievement of 1 hour travel time between the largest agglomerations is briefly presented. The presented methodological approach, although soft and manager-oriented, comprises some firm principles: segmentation of high-speed train offer, so that more expensive rolling stock is not wasted by operation on long conventional line sections, consideration of system travel times for efficient rolling stock circuit, restriction of need for links from high-speed to conventional lines, and utilization of high-speed lines as a "rail highway". This approach is intended to be particularized iteratively, with every application. So, in this paper, first version of Operational Concept Economy Approach is introduced. The key idea is that passengers should be offered such travel times and service intervals (headways) and such number of direct services, which are adequate to their potential demand, but as much synergistic effect as possible should be strived to be achieved for every proposed construction (new or modernized one). Such approach goes towards economic efficiency, which is crucial indicator for political decision necessary for building, let alone EU co-funding of the construction. Experience shows that in many Czech feasibility studies, achievement of sufficient economic efficiency was the most complicated part of the study. Results show that an efficient operational concept can be designed not at the expense of runtimes between the largest cities.
INFRASTRUCTURE PARAMETERS AFFECTING CAPACITY OF RAILWAYS IN TEN-T
Authors: Janoš Vít , Kríž Milan
Published: November 2016

The article presents possible solutions of the issue of the lost capacity on a double-track line. It is shown a solution where an inserted train on the double-track line use the lost capacity of the opposite line track using active overtaking. The feasibility of such a solution is discussed and the length of sections suitable for active overtaking is calculated.
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN TERMS OF DATA EXCHANGE
Authors: Kamenický Dušan
Published: November 2016

Prediction of train running and IT support of conflict resolution decision for an efficient use of the existing railway infrastructure is needed. To meet these requirements standardized interfaces between infrastructure managers and railway undertakings and infrastructure description are indispensable.
SELECTED ASPECTS OF ETCS-L3 DEPLOYMENT
Authors: Koutecký Petr
Published: November 2016

This paper focuses on selected problem areas in the implementation of ETCS L3, analyz-es their impacts and offers a number of possible solutions as a basis for pilot testing. It compares the suitability of each solution and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages.
RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY MANAGEMENT FOR AD-HOC TRAINS ON THE SŽDC NETWORK
Authors: Nachtigall Petr , Škárek Martin
Published: November 2016

The paper describes basic principles of ad-hoc routes assignment. Each carrier has its own interface called information system KADR with SŽDC for capacity requests management. The paper describes all steps which must be done before train departure.
CURRENT CHALLENGES FOR RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD OF RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Plasek Otto
Published: November 2016

The increasing importance of railway systems, arising from both national and European strategic documents, leads to increasing demands on its infrastructure. Transport development in the European territory is defined in the strategy summarized in the White Paper, which understands the rail sector as a key sector in terms of sustainability of the transport development due to the suppression of congestions, carbon oxide emissions, reliability and safety of transport. The paper is aimed in the specific technical aspects of rail infrasructure, which emphasize their ability to contribute to an efficient and sustainable transport in Europe and justify motivations for increasing the attractiveness of rail transport. Current challenges for research activities in the field of railway infrastructure that will led to achievement of the objectives which were defined in the White Paper and further specified in the particular requirements of rstakeholders in the railway industry are discussed.
THE PRIORITY OF INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT EXPRESSES IN THE OVERLAPPING SECTION OF RFC 7 AND RFC 9 KOLÍN - CESKA TREBOVA
Authors: Šrámek Přemysl , Molková Tatiana
Published: November 2016

This article deals with the railway traffic control and railway traffic equipment in terms of implementation of TSI. The main goal is to research the optimal priority of international freight expresses, especially in the overlapping sections, which represent critical line sections of European freight corridors. This article shows this problem in the context in the overlapping section of RFC 7 and RFC 9 Kolín – Ceská Trebová. There are mentioned possibilities of using of ETCS and implementation of automatic train paths.
A Tale of Three Cases: Examining Accuracy, Efficiency, and Process Differences in Diagnosing Virtual Patient Cases
Authors: Doleck Tenzin , Jarrell Amanda , Poitras Eric G , Chaouachi Maher , Lajoie Susanne P
Published: November 2016

Clinical reasoning is a central skill in diagnosing cases. However, diagnosing a clinical case poses several challenges that are inherent to solving multifaceted ill-structured problems. In particular, when solving such problems, the complexity stems from the existence of multiple paths to arriving at the correct solution (Anonymous, 2003). Moreover, the approach one employs in diagnosing a clinical case is in some measure dependent upon the complexity of the case. This leads us to the question: Are there differences in the manner in which novices solve cases with varying levels of complexity in a computer based learning environment? More specifically, we are interested in understanding and elucidating if there are clinical reasoning differences in regards to accuracy, efficiency, and process across three virtual patient cases of varying difficulty levels. Examining such differences may have implications from both a learner modeling and system enhancement perspective. We close by discussing the implications for practice, limitations of the study, and future research directions.
Discursive constructions of teacher in an educational technology journal
Authors: McDonald Jenny , Loke Swee-Kin
Published: November 2016

The integration of technology with teaching and learning is a significant area of research in the educational technology field. Teachers play an instrumental role in technology integration and many teacher-related factors have been identified that predict technology use and integration in educational settings. How teachers are represented in the educational technology literature (e.g., as caring, didactic, or lazy) can potentially impact on how technology integration takes place. However, there is little research that specifically explores teacher representations. This paper seeks to address this gap and examines the discursive constructions of teacher in 846 papers from the Australasian Journal of Educational Technology (AJET). Using a corpus-based analysis, the multiple representations of teacher in AJET were investigated. The analyses revealed two mainstream representations of teacher: teachers are people on whom researchers impose obligations; and ‘teacherliness’ is old and negative. This paper concludes with a discussion of the potential impact of such representations on technology integration and suggestions of more useful representations of teachers and their teaching.
Contribution of occupational therapy for patients with depression / Beitrag der Ergotherapie in der Wahrnehmung von Menschen mit Depression
Authors: Treusch Yvonne , Saxer Nadine , Witschi Theresa , Page Julie
Published: November 2016

Introduction

So far, few studies exist concerning the professional contribution and effects of occupational therapy in people with depression. This contrasts the practical and quantitative contribution of this form of therapy.

Aim

To reconstruct the specific contribution of occupational therapy in treating people with depression from a patient perspective.

Method

Half-standardized interviews with 10 patients of a Swiss day clinic before and after their stay were evaluated with a qualitative content analysis.

Results

The analysis resulted in three phases that are traversed by the persons concerned in the course of the occupational therapy process. The dimensions considered as essential of occupational therapy namely activity, group, and therapist fulfilled different functions in each phase.

Conclusion

Occupational therapy plays a central role in the treatment of people with depression. While at the beginning of the depression activities within occupational therapy have a more distracting character, activities related to everyday life are more important later in the therapy process. The differentiated perception of different stages in people with depression allows the development of symptom-specific, user-oriented services.
Epitaxial regrowth of InP/InGaAs heterostructure on patterned, nonplanar substrates
Authors: Kosior Łukasz , Radziewicz Damian , Zborowska-Lindert Iwona , Stafiniak Andrzej , Badura Mikołaj , Ściana Beata
Published: November 2016

The main goal of the studies on epitaxial regrowth process of InP on patterned substrates is to gain knowledge about growth rates and interface quality on various areas to improve the fabrication technology for future applications. Prepared samples were measured at every step of the process by scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope with dark field and phase contrast modes, atomic force microscope (AFM) and also using optical profilometer WLI (White Light Interferometer). Fabrication steps were divided into three main groups. First was the epitaxial growth of 5 µm thick InP layer. Next was patterning, which was made by applying a mask film on the epilayer. Shapes of the mesas after wet chemical etching with photoresist as a mask as well as the shapes of mesas slopes were irregular on the whole substrate area. These problems were solved by the use of silicon nitride mask. The mesas shapes and their slopes became then regular, independently of etching depth. Second fabrication step was etching of selected area. Couple of solutions were examined, but in details HCl:H3PO4 mixture in various proportions, which gave the best results in mesas shapes and orientations relative to the substrate. After that, the etching mask material was removed from the epilayer using a buffered hydrofluoric acid (BHF). The last step was epitaxial regrowth. To see how the epitaxial growth process was performed on different areas of patterned substrate it was suggested using a “sandwich”, which consisted of 50 layers of indium phosphide and indium gallium arsenide. This idea helped to understand the phenomena occurring during the epitaxial growth on that kind of substrate. The highest growth rate occurred on the top of the mesas and the lowest on their slopes. Described experiments are introduction to the studies on epitaxial growth of buried heterostructure (BH).
Metafizyka praktycznego rozumu. Autonomia i heteronomia wedle Kanta i Lévinasa
Authors: Rogóż Dominik
Published: November 2016

Relacje, które określają dwa odmienne projekty etyki – etykę autonomiczną Kanta i etykę heteronomiczną Lévinasa – są skomplikowane i niejednoznaczne. Z jednej strony Lévinas zalicza Kanta w poczet myślicieli transcendentalnych, którzy bronią silnego podmiotu poznawczego wraz z właściwą mu władzą tworzenia przedstawień. Z drugiej jednak strony Lévinas odnajduje w Krytyce praktycznego rozumu ważny ślad transcendencji, a mianowicie: możliwość przekroczenia skończoności ludzkiego bytu w przestrzeni refleksji moralnej. Wskazanie na sens niezależny od bytu, a więc myślenie wykraczające poza granice zakreślone przez zmysły, to w przekonaniu Lévinasa właściwa zasada Kantowskiej „rewolucji kopernikańskiej”. Największa zasługa Kanta nie polega więc ani na tym, że uznał podmiot za aktywny element poznania, ani na tym, że zażegnał spór między empiryzmem i racjonalizmem. Wielkość Kanta, którego interpretuje Lévinas, polega na odkryciu drogi wiodącej od skończoności wiedzy naukowej do nieskończoności poznania moralnego. Choć mogłoby się wydawać, że w ograniczonym kręgu rozumu teoretycznego jesteśmy zamknięci w sposób nieodwołalny, to jednak szansa przełamania granic wyznaczonych przez zmysłowość pojawia się w polu rozumu praktycznego. Dobitny wykład prawdy o skończoności ludzkiego poznania nie jest ostatnim słowem Kanta. Właściwe przesłanie jego filozofii – zarówno części krytycznej, jak i pozytywnej – można by sformułować w taki oto sposób: tam, gdzie kończy się wiedza ściśle naukowa, rozpoczyna się poznanie o charakterze moralnym. Poza horyzontem świata, który znamy dzięki widzeniu, patrzeniu i dotykaniu, otwiera się pole metafizycznej spekulacji.Te właśnie wątki, a więc zarówno podobieństwa, jak i różnice, które dzielą etykę Kanta i Lévinasa, podejmuje niniejszy artykuł. Kant zastrzega, że wyłącznie „czysty rozum praktyczny”, wolny od wszelkich zmysłowych wrażeń, gwarantuje powszechność prawa moralnego. Lévinas natomiast przekonuje, że to właśnie unikatowe wydarzenie, a więc „twarzą w twarz” z drugim człowiekiem, jest pierwszym impulsem moralności. Zgodnie z wykładem Kanta relacja z drugim człowiekiem jest z góry zapośredniczona przez siłę imperatywu, który nakazuje traktować go zawsze jako cel sam w sobie, nigdy zaś jako środek. To samo zagadnienie inaczej przedstawia Lévinas, który twierdzi, że warunkiem etycznej relacji z drugim człowiekiem jest bezpośrednie doświadczenie jego odmienności. W tak określonej przestrzeni sporu rodzą się dwie konkurencyjne koncepcje etyki.
Condenados a la solidaridad. Pensamiento moral de Józef Tischner
Authors: Zuziak Władysław
Published: November 2016

Artykuł przedstawia poglądy Józefa Tischnera na temat upadku ruchu „Solidarność” i równocześnie wskazuje możliwości odtworzenia więzi społecznych w społeczeństwie zdesolidaryzowanym.Wśród najważniejszych źródeł owego upadku wskazuję instrumentalizację podstawowych wartości, na których budowane jest neutralne aksjologicznie społeczeństwo liberalne. Takiej instrumentalizacji uległo, podstawowe dla filozofii moralnej Tischnera, pojęcie wolności oraz samo pojęcie solidarności, które w nowych warunkach stało się synonimem walki o realizację partykularnych interesów grupowych.Zniechęcenie dużej części społeczeństwa do solidarnościowej tradycji, zawłaszczonej przez różne grupy interesów, spowodowało ponowną ucieczkę do „kryjówek”. Postawy osób, które żyją „w kryjówce”, cechuje nieufność wobec otoczenia, skłonność do wrogiego traktowania innych, brak możliwości nawiązywania autentycznych relacji społecznych. Społeczeństwo „ludzi z kryjówek” nie może funkcjonować prawidłowo, gdyż z braku możliwości komunikacji jedynym argumentem rozsądzającym może być argument siły.Wyjście z kryjówki jest możliwe jedynie dzięki otwarciu się na drugiego człowieka. Jeżeli chcemy się rozwijać, jesteśmy zmuszeni do wyjścia z kryjówek i skazani na poszukiwanie solidarności, która, dzięki relacji wzajemności, dawałaby nam oparcie, poczucie sprawczości, przywracała poczucie godności, wskazywała wspólne dobro.By taką wspólnotę odbudować, w przekonaniu Tischnera, trzeba wyjść poza logikę odwetu i uczyć się przezwyciężać zło dobrem. Jesteśmy odpowiedzialni wobec przyszłych pokoleń za to, co dla nich możemy uczynić, za świat, który po nas zostanie.
John McDowell’s theory of moral sensibility
Authors: Wojtanowska Weronika
Published: November 2016

The aim of this paper is to present and analyze John McDowell’s theory of moral sensibility, which successfully grounds ethics in moral reason and values. McDowell’s concept of secondary qualities, serving as a model for values, is one of the most interesting attempts to understand the phenomenon of values and the objectivity of moral requirements.In his considerations McDowell emphasizes the cognitive nature of moral sensibility, which is defined as the ability to recognize the moral requirements imposed by a given situation, accompanied by the capacity of silencing the non­‑moral reasons. McDowell attempts to combine his reflections on the ontology and epistemology of value with a theory of motivation. He presents a plausible model of motivational internalism, supported by the analyses of the process of upbringing, which plays a vital role in shaping moral practices.However, McDowell’s theory is faced with serious difficulties, connected with his rejection of the existence of external standpoint and general principles. There might be some doubts whether McDowell’s conception can be regarded as a successful defence of moral realism and cognitivism in meta­‑ethics, since he offers a specific understanding of certain basic philosophical concepts, such as objectivity or knowledge.
Dasein, authenticity, and choice in Heidegger’s "Being and time"
Authors: Rowan Anna M.
Published: November 2016

Martin Heidegger’s account of how Dasein becomes authentic appears fraught with contradictions. On the one hand, Heidegger claims that Dasein’s authenticity is the inevitable result of the state of mind of anxiety, i.e., anxiety is both the necessary and sufficient condition of authenticity. On the other hand, he seems to suggest that Dasein’s authenticity involves a choice. I propose an interpretation which views Dasein’s authenticity as a two­‑step process, thereby reconciling the apparent contradiction, by making a distinction between Dasein’s becoming authentic and Dasein’s continuing to be authentic. The former is the initial grasp by Dasein of the primordial truth of its existence and is the inevitable result of anxiety. The latter is the willful and repeated affirmation by Dasein of that initial insight and as such requires a choice. I also distinguish between two kinds of inauthenticity: first, the inauthenticity of everyday Dasein; and second, the inauthenticity of Dasein that willingly refuses to acknowledge its existential truth. The latter is interpreted as a choice – either a willful choice or a choice by default. Finally, I suggest that Heidegger’s call to authenticity may be interpreted as a call, not for a normative ethics, but for an ontological ethics.
From experience to gift. Reflections on life as disclosed to consciousness. Part 1
Authors: Szalay Mátyás
Published: November 2016

In the following meditation I investigate how life is disclosed to human consciousness. I use phenomenology to avoid reducing life to the natural sphere has to avoid the common mistake of objectifying it, that is, of taking life as something, as a property of being. A more justified phenomenological approach that remains open to the supernatural character of life would focus rather on how life is given to consciousness. The starting point for my analysis is the observation that before life is thematically given as such it is somehow always already disclosed in any conscious experience. Life gives itself in a tacit and discreet way.I offer an itinerary: from the point of a deepened understanding of the silent disclosure of life, towards a reflected recognition of life as divine gift.Before any philosophical investigation begins, the first impediment itself present in the drama of life that one must overcome is evil. The phenomenon of life is overshadowed by evil and its meaning is fragmented.Life remains unperceived in those experiences that are not thematically concerned with life as such. It is an explicitly phenomenological task to discover those formal aspects that reveal the nature of life in all conscious events prior to any ‘experience’ in the full sense. Investigating the process of transforming a ‘conscious flux’ as an immediate and yet unreflected experience to a reflected one with an already clarified specific meaning is indispensable to see how life that is originally given remains unnoticed until it is manifested in experiences through which it is thematically given. I shall also investigate the different modes of reduction of the originally given life to experience.In my conclusion I argue that despite the general fragmentation life presents itself to consciousness there is a profound unity of ‘vital­‑experiences’: they all refer to the same ultimate origin, i.e. the self­‑disclosure of life as such.
Henryk Rzewuski – w drodze ku polskiej filozofii narodowej
Authors: Jastrzębski Bartosz
Published: November 2016

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie oryginalnej koncepcji filozoficznej autorstwa Henryka Rzewuskiego. Ten XIX­‑wieczny polski myśliciel był za życia (i jest nadal) niezwykle kontrowersyjną postacią, oskarżaną o narodową „apostazję” na rzecz carskiej Rosji i szerzenie przekonania o nieodwołalnym końcu państwa polskiego. W niniejszym tekście ukazuję złożoność i ambiwalencję postawy Rzewuskiego wobec sprawy polskiej. Filozof ten sądził, że istotnie państwo polskie nie będzie w stanie uwolnić się spod rosyjskiej zwierzchności politycznej. Równocześnie jednak był gorącym zwolennikiem budowania polskiej filozofii narodowej, która miałaby uchwytywać i rozwijać polskość w sferze idealnej i duchowej. Historia Polski ma być – w obrębie jego koncepcji – materiałem, z którego filozof wychwyci te myśli i wyobrażenia, wokół których krystalizuje się polski duch i które odzwierciedlają jego podstawową ideę moralną. Duch narodu i jego moralna idea spełniają bowiem, zdaniem tego filozofa, funkcję analogiczną do tej, jaką pełni dusza wobec ciała – jest warunkiem życia i jedności jego geopolitycznego „ciała”.
Harmonia i synapsis w rozumieniu Heraklita
Authors: Gródek Wojciech Kleofas
Published: November 2016

Artykuł jest próbą wyjaśnienia znaczenia terminów harmonie i synapsis. Podjęcie tej próby jest podyktowane zastosowaniem wobec obu terminów określeń, jakimi są sympheron i diapheron. Wydawać by się mogło, że zastosowanie podobnych określeń sugeruje podobne znaczenie. Jednakże w toku przeprowadzonych analiz można dostrzec, że Heraklit odnosi te terminy do różnych zdarzeń. W przypadku harmonie jest to zgodność dwóch radykalnie przeciwnych sobie elementów, których naturę wyraża stwierdzenie ze zdania B 8, czyli to antiksun. W przypadku synapsis jest to połączenie dwóch przedmiotów, czyli jakiś wspólny element, np. wspólna granica. Zastosowanie do obu terminów podobnych określeń sympheron i diapheron może być podyktowane poszukiwaniem przez Heraklita reguły (gnome), która rządzi wszystkim. Może świadczyć o tym możliwość pośredniego odwoływania się do logosu.
Przedmiot poznania w filozofii Emila Laska
Authors: Furman Marcin
Published: November 2016

Artykuł przedstawia problem poznania w kontekście filozofii wartości. Nasze badania kierują się tutaj przede wszystkim na teorię kategorii w ujęciu Emila Laska. Przeciwstawia się on w niej formalizmowi Heinricha Rickerta i wbrew niemu uważa, że prawdą poznania jest relacja formy i materii. Zdaniem Laska nie mamy możliwości poznawczych, aby wartości ujmować w sposób absolutny.
A Bigger Picture: Community Music Therapy Groups in Residential Settings for People with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Clarkson Alistair Robert , Killick Meta
Published: November 2016

This article introduces our development of the concepts of Community Music Therapy and systemic thinking within our music therapy service. The work, which was in a supported living setting for adults with learning disabilities (intellectual disabilities), was set up in response to the challenges of providing a more conventional music therapy service within the London Borough of Sutton Clinical Health Team for people with learning disabilities (Intellectual disabilities). We discovered that collectively our clients, their support workers, and ourselves were being reduced in our human value by not being seen or heard. The Clinical Health Team for people with Learning Disabilities is made up of a variety of health professionals and is part of the London Borough of Sutton's Disability Services. The creative therapy part of the service is music and dramatherapy. Creative therapies look at a wide range of emotional and mental health needs for people with learning disabilities such as depression, anxiety, challenging behaviour, transition, and change.
Representing People in Music Therapy Research and Practice: A Balancing Act
Authors: Fairchild Rebecca , Bibb Jennifer
Published: November 2016

The process of representing people in academic writing and discussion is paradoxical. Drawing on our experiences of research in areas of child welfare and adult mental health, we consider whether the predominantly problem-focused language often used to describe and represent people in music therapy research and practice is congruent with the strengths-based way in which music therapists work. This article describes a "call to action" for music therapists to reflect on the language we use to represent the people we work and research with. We argue the need for a better balance in representing people in music therapy case studies, presentations and articles, by focusing on their strengths and resilience along with their challenges.
Chalk–steel interface testing for marine energy foundations
Authors: Ziogos Andreas , Brown Michael , Ivanovic Ana , Morgan Neil
Published: November 2016

To aid deployment and recovery of tidal stream generators, gravity-based foundations rather than fixed-foundation alternatives are being considered in areas where the foundation may be placed directly onto an exposed rock seabed. Horizontal loading is usually critical in such applications, therefore specific knowledge of the interface friction between the foundation (made of steel or concrete) and seabed is important for design. This paper presents results of an interface testing programme of chalk–steel interfaces carried out utilising a computer-controlled interface shear tester under constant normal stress conditions against steel of different roughness. Results indicate that interface strength is significantly affected by the normal stress applied, as interface strength degrades for normal stress levels in excess of 30% of the chalk's tensile strength (∼300 kPa). Large-displacement tests revealed a tendency of the ultimate interface frictional resistance to drop to values very similar to that of the basic chalk–chalk interface at normal stresses up to 300 kPa, whereas substantial additional degradation was noticed for normal stresses above 700 kPa. At low normal stresses and displacements the behaviour of the chalk–steel interface was captured by an alpha type approach related to the rock unconfined compressive strength, which has been developed for other higher strength rock types.
Fatigue strength and failure probability of concrete made with RCA
Authors: Arora Sumit , Singh Surinder Pal
Published: November 2016

The paper presents results of an investigation into the flexural fatigue strength of concrete in which all the coarse natural aggregates (NA) were replaced with coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCA). Concrete specimens containing 100% NA were also tested. The fatigue life data of concrete made with RCA and NA has been obtained by performing flexural fatigue tests on 64 beam specimens under four-point loading. In total, 48 static flexural tests were also conducted to facilitate fatigue testing. To predict the flexural fatigue strength of concrete made with RCA, the materials coefficients of fatigue strength prediction models have been estimated. The S–N–Pf curves have been generated from the fatigue test data for concrete made with RCA. Theoretical fatigue lives for concrete made with RCA have also been estimated using a single-log fatigue equation corresponding to 10% probability of failure and compared with those of concrete made with NA. The theoretical fatigue lives of concrete made with RCA have been found to be lower by 42·0% and 60·5% compared to concrete made with NA at stress levels S = 0·90 and S = 0·65, respectively.
Dynamic flexural strength of concrete under high strain rates
Authors: Chen Xudong , Chen Chen , Xu Lingyu , Shao Yu
Published: November 2016

In a split Hopkinson pressure bar bending test on quasi-brittle materials, the specimen maintains a non-equilibrium state and failure occurs before the response of the supports (the transmission bars) appears, as would occur in a support-free impact test. This paper investigates principally the dynamic response of un-notched concrete beams subjected to three-point bending load. To guarantee the accuracy of experimental results analysis, a dynamic response analysis is introduced in the investigation. This assumes that the specimen fractures before the support reaction appears. The long beam model is used in this paper to study the dynamic bending behaviour of specimens that fail after a very short duration of loading. The test results show that the dynamic flexural tensile strength of concrete is strain rate sensitive, and the dynamic increase factor is linearly proportional to the strain rate. Finally, the finite-element software LS-Dyna is used to simulate the failure pattern of specimens in a dynamic bending test. The simulation results verify the validity of the long beam model in processing the experimental data.
Fuzzy Bicontinuous Maps in Fuzzy Biclosure Spaces
Authors: Navalakhe Rachna , Tapi U.D.
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of fuzzy bicontinuous maps and fuzzy biclosed (fuzzy biopen) maps in fuzzy biclosure spaces and study some of their properties.