bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System for Marine Working Platform
Authors: Wu Zi Yue , Zhang Shuai , Gao Ting
Published: March 2013

A kind of temperature and humidity monitoring system for Marine working platform is introduced; the Processor of ARM Cortex-M3 as the core work components for the system is used, and the hardware and software architecture of the monitoring system is designed. The system has three component units: Temperature and Humidity monitoring unit, Minimum system unit and Control unit, design of the hardware and software is instructed in detail from these three parts of the system. It is proved by practice that the system can effectively achieve the acquisition of multi-point temperature and humidity monitoring and data management, and the normal work and operation of the instrument in the working platform at sea are ensured.
Modeling and Development of a Robotized Hand-Hold Bone Cutting Device
Authors: Boiadjiev George , Kotev Vladimir , Delchev Kamen , Boiadjiev Toni
Published: March 2013

Many surgical operations such as Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and Total hip arthroplasty (THA) as well as bone fracture reposition require bone cutting manipulations. We have been developing a two degree of freedom robotized bone cutting hand-hold device. It is intended to execute cutting operation in order to avoid problems as accuracy errors, overheating and to obtain smooth bone surface. Surgeons have to orientate and hold the cutting robot, maintaining the contact with the bone during the operation all the time while the device executes manipulation automatically. Dynamical model based on graph theory and the orthogonally principle is derived for considered electromechanical system. Design of the mechanical part of bone cutting robotized device is provided
The Indoor Automatic Guided Vehicle with an IR Positioning and Low-Cost Inertial Navigation System
Authors: Lu Ming Feng , Liu Bang Cheng , Wu Jian Ping , Hsu Fu Kuo , Huang Wen Tzeng
Published: March 2013

In this study an indoor automatic guided vehicle (AGV) which is not a line-following type is constructed. Low-cost inertial navigation system (INS) and indoor positioning system (IPS) are proposed to replace the high-cost laser navigation system. These AGVs are guided by their own INS almost all the time of running in our system. The IPS constructed by infrareds is used to calibrate the accumulative errors of the inertial system after a specific time interval. Testing results show deviation is about 5% after long time and long distance of movement. This research proves the stability of this system which allows AGVs to work in warehouses by low-cost INS and IPS.
Robot Fish with Novel Wire-Driven Continuum Flapping Propulsor
Authors: Li Zheng , Du Ru Xu , Zhang Yi , Li Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a robot fish with a novel continuum flapping propulsor. It is actuated by the biomimetic wire-driven mechanism. The fish tail is made from a continuous elastic plate. One pair of wire is used to control the tail flapping. Compared with the traditional multi-joint design, in this design the flapping motion could better fit the fish swimming curve, as a result improving the propulsion efficiency. Results show that the propulsion efficiency of the robot could reach 64.4%.
The Summary on Robot Moving Platform
Authors: Zhu Dun Yu , Zhang Ming Lu , Li Rui
Published: March 2013

This paper summarizes the robot moving platform mobile mode, elaborated with emphasis the hybrid mobile platform some research results, analyzes its characteristics and shortcomings, and the hybrid robot moving platform is the future development direction .
The Modeling and Simulation of Hexa-Rotor Aerial Robot
Authors: Zou Jie Tong , Huang Guan Wei , Zheng Rui Feng
Published: March 2013

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has the advantage of light weight, small size, and better dynamic performance. Conventional UAVs are not well suited for use in confined spaces, such as small passageways or indoor halls, e.t.c. The multi-rotor copters have the vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) ability for indoor flight. The most popular research topics for multi-rotor copters are Quad-copter and Hexa-copter. The objective of this research is to develop a dynamic model for hexa-rotor aerial robot. The dynamic model of the hexa-rotor aerial robot had been studied in this research. The PID control algorithm was used to control the hexa-copter. We used the Matlab software to help us to tune the PID control parameters for quick response and minimizing the fluctuation. From the simulation results, the hexa-copter could make a stable hovering on the target position and return to the stable hovering position and attitude after one motor or one propeller failure.
AGV Scheduling Optimizing Research of Collaborative Manufacturing System Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ren Nai Fei , Liu Dan , Zhao Yan , Ge Xiao Bing
Published: March 2013

This paper provides improved genetic algorithm to solve productivity efficiency in Collaborative Manufacture System (CMS) according to its own characteristics.This improved algorithm not only improved coding method but also improved crossover method and mutation method.And the simulation experiment result in CMS validated the productivity efficiency promoted compared with improved and standard genetic algorithm.
Construct Small-Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Monitoring System by Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sung Wen Tsai , Chen Jui Ho
Published: March 2013

The thesis proposes to construct a small vertical axis wind turbine monitoring system by the wireless sensor measuring network. This paper uses a small vertical axis wind turbine to generate electricity, and then provide to the parking lot and street lights, but also practical to monitor the entire system. Our monitoring system is constructed by the module. This paper proposes the small vertical axis wind turbine with the blade structure can be adjusted the angle with mechanical means, which is the most important improvement. Monitoring system to monitor real-time status of the communication part of the ZigBee and Ethernet established in the remote monitoring platform and the establishment of an Access database. Our research will be expected to improve the efficiency of wind turbine power generation, increase the stability of the monitoring system and the overall cost of power generation to reduce the effect.
Aerodynamic Characteristics Analysis of High-Speed Train on Cutting under Crosswinds
Authors: Ye Kun , Li Ren Xian
Published: March 2013

Cutting is an effective device to reduce crosswind loads acting on trains. The cutting depth, width and gradient of slope are important factors for design and construction of cutting. Based on numerical analysis methods of three-dimensional viscous incompressible aerodynamics equations, aerodynamic side forces and yawing moments acting on the high-speed train, with different depths and widths of cutting，are calculated and analyzed under crosswinds，meanwhile the relationship of the gradient of cutting slope and transverse aerodynamic forces acting on trains are also studied. Simulation results show that aerodynamic side forces and yawing moments acting on the train（the first, middle and rear train）decrease with the increase of cutting depth. The relationship between transverse forces (moments) coefficients acting on the three sections and the cutting depth basically is the three cubed relation. The bigger is cutting width，the worse is running stability of train. The relationship between yawing moments coefficients acting each body of the train and the cutting width approximately is the three cubed relation. The transverse Aerodynamic forces decreased gradually with the increase of the gradient of cutting slope, the relationship between yawing moments coefficients acting each body of the train and the gradient of cutting slope basically is the four cubed relation.
The Study on the Calculation Method of Bin Actual Coverage Based on the GPU Acceleration
Authors: Li Yong
Published: March 2013

Along with the seismic exploration extends to the mountain, the geological surface conditions of construction work area will become more and more complex, the construction will become very difficult. All of this requires the supervision department to detect construction observing system reasonable and the quality of construction at any time, in particular, the number of actual coverage can not be less than two-thirds of the design. For single survey line we can easily calculate the number of bin covering, but it related to the case of superimposed cover of different measuring line with the increase in the measuring line. On each bin element we have to traverse all of other measuring line in the work area database to determine whether there is overlap, so this operation is very time consuming. In this paper, we improved the search algorithm, at the same time the GPU parallel processing is introduced into the calculation. Because of the increased computational parallel, the time to generate the entire work area cover time’s image is shortened significantly.
Design and Implementation of Virtual Maintenance Training System Based on Ngrain Aviation Equipment
Authors: Li Hong Peng , Li Shu , Lv Ying Jun , Wang Yuan Da , Lin Jin Qing
Published: March 2013

Virtual maintenance training is playing a more and more important role in aircraft equipment maintenance training. But there are usually some questions such as long period and high cost in the process of virtual maintenance development. It is an effective method to solve above problems by Ngrain during the process of virtual maintenance development. This paper introduces the process of virtual maintenance application development based on Ngrain, and analyses advantages of the software in development. In the end, this paper discusses the key technology and evaluates the method by a case of aircraft virtual maintenance software development.
Research of Chaotic Phenomenon for a Synchronous Reluctance Motor
Authors: Lin Wen Bin , Chiang Huann Keng , Chang Chang Yi
Published: March 2013

The paper presents the research of chaotic phenomenon for the synchronous reluctance motor. Chaotic phenomenon looks like confused but regular. Nonlinear characteristic of the system causes chaos happened. System parameters and initial value variations cause the result dramatically. We establish the synchronous reluctance motor chaos model, the equilibrium points and characteristic equation by motor model. We utilize the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion to obtain speed controller parameters,and to calculate the initial value by computtation of Lyapunov exponent to determine whether the system is in chaos behavior. We simulate it by using Matlab/Simulink software.Hardware achieved by using DS1104 processor board, which is the product of the dspace. Simulation and experiment results confirm the proposed theory is correct.
Dynamic License Plate Localization for Vehicles on Multi-lane Using Single Camera
Authors: Tseng Hung Li , Hung Chao Nan , Tuan Chiu Ching , Wen You Ru , Huang Wen Tzeng , Chen Chin Hsing
Published: March 2013

LPR (License Plate Recognition) System has been widely used in highway toll collection, parking management, various traffic regulations enforcement and other systems. Currently, most of the existing LPL (license plate localization) systems are with single camera that is limited to recognizing vehicles in one lane. In this paper we design a license plate localization system that simultaneously recognizes license plates of vehicles on multi-lane by using single high-resolution camera. Our approach significantly reduces the hardware cost of LPR system without sacrificing the accuracy of recognition. And our success rate is about 94%.
Numerical Investigation on the Effects of Sample Wire Motion in a Tube Furnace
Authors: Cheema Taqi Ahmad , Ali Haider , Kim Kyung Won , Lee Choon Young , Kwak Moon Kyu , Park Cheol Woo
Published: March 2013

A tube furnace is a heat treatment device in which a specimen is heated in the presence of an inert gas using electric heating coils embedded in a thermally insulating matrix. Heat flux and temperature gradients of sample during heat treatment in a tube furnace depend on the gas and wire velocities. These parameters were used in this paper for a 2-D axisymmetric numerical study to determine an optimized relationship between the temperature and the sample wire motion. The results show that wire velocity considerably affected the wire temperature distribution and increased the gas temperature to some extent. The phenomenon resulted in the shifting of the heating zone on the wire surface and occurrence of an inner convection heat transfer.
Application of Ghost Body-Cell Method on Adaptively Refined Cartesian Grid in Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Han Yu Qi , Cui Shu Xin , Wang Yong , Gao Ge
Published: March 2013

Least-squares fitting was employed to interpolate the reflect point, ghost body-cell method (GBCM) was applied to quadtree-based adaptively refined Cartesian grid approach, and finite volume method was employed to solve Euler equations. Shape of cut cell kept in accordance with that in the flow field which efficiently relieved the time step restriction of small cut cells. Flows around a circular cylinder and the double NACA0012 airfoils are simulated and compared with published structured grid results, which show flow field around complex geometries is adequately resolved resort to GBCM approach on adaptively refined Cartesian grid in computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Analysis of Incidence of Rail Failure and Track Composite Irregularity State Forecast
Authors: Zhai Hong Bing , Jia Chao Long
Published: March 2013

Rail failure and track composite irregularity is the source of violent harassment of the wheel-rail system. Track irregularity has significant impact on the driving security and stability of the train. At present, the focus of the Chinese railway development is high speed, heavy haul and shortcut transportation, thus the influences of rail failure and track composite irregularity will be more remarkable, which has become a primary factor that limits the running speed. This paper analyzes the characters of rail failure and formation mechanism of the track irregularity, forecasts the trend of track irregularity development and explores the hidden risks that might occur and influence the safety of railway traffic.
Applications of Statistical Energy Analysis in Influencing Factors Analysis of Aircraft Vibro-Acoustic Response Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Guo Jun , Yan Yun Ju
Published: March 2013

The SEA model of hypersonic aircraft is established based on statistical energy analysis (SEA) theory. Three parameters of the SEA model are established by the theory and experiential formula. According to damping loss factors of model subsystem and acoustic absorptivity of cavity, sensitivity analysis of vibro-acoustic response is discussed. The effect that division way of plate subsystem and material structure cause to vibro-acoustic response is analyzed. The analysis results show that the material structure, damping loss factors and material type have the great effect on the characteristics of vibro-acoustic response. The division way of plate subsystem can affect computational accuracy greatly. The influencing factors should be synthetically considered in the design of acoustics structure.
Finite Proximate Method for Simulating Flood Propagation in Complicated River Channel and Flood Detention Area
Authors: Li Tai Ru , Bai Zhong Yan , Peng Xiao Chun , He Tao
Published: March 2013

Based on finite proximate method (FPM) with 5 points scheme, two-dimensional shallow water equations are discretized. The mathematical model of 2-D flows is developed for modeling flood propagation in complicated river channel and flood detention area, and the hydrodynamic boundary is resolved through the introduction of the fictitious water depth concept. According to predicting the instantaneous and partial dam-break in a frictionless, horizontal channel, the comparison proved that this method can reflect the dynamic process of flow and can well capture the discontinuity of the shallow water wave equations. The flood propagation in complicated river channel and flood detention area is stimulated numerically to reveal the complicated flow characteristics of flood waves. It is seen that FPM is one of the effective methods to solve problem of flood propagation, having good shock capturing capability.
The Beauty of Molecule Motion
Authors: Zeng An Ping
Published: March 2013

First analyzes the perceptual beauty of molecule motion rhythm sensation,infinite reach sensation and stability sensation in accordance with Brownian Motion,diffusion and Maxwell speed distribution law.Through the calculation of area about Maxwell speed distribution curve corresponds to the rate range, can find the Maxwell speed distribution law in the quasi-golden section, rational aesthetic and philosophy meaning in gas molecule motion are oneness beauty and symmetry beauty,but simple is the nature of the beauty of molecule motion.
A Research on Gaussian Process Based Feature Extraction
Authors: Sun Zong Hai , Osman Osman
Published: March 2013

Data sets of high–dimensional spaces are problematic when it comes to classification, compression, and visualization. The main issue is to find a reduced dimensionality representation that corresponds to the intrinsic dimensionality of the original data. In this paper we try to investigate a practical Bayesian method for feature extracting problem, in particular we will apply Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model (GPLVM) to a real world data set. Feature extraction experiments were performed on a cancer treatments’ components data set using GPLVM, then we used PCA on the same data set for comparison of the results.
An Experiment Based Reach Model for Fighter Cockpit Design
Authors: Wang Li Jing , Gao Xiao Hua , Xiang Wei
Published: March 2013

Reach envelope is one of the design tools to ensure industrial workspace accommodates users. As for fighter pilots, their reach capability must be considered during the design of cockpit. Normally fighter seat back rest angle is between 13°and 30°, and due to the fact that postural change affects the reach capability of the pilot, the reach envelope can be different under different seat backrest angle, which is normally ill considered and thus limits the cockpit design. This research employed a reach envelope transformation model based on the anthropometric measurement approach to transform experiment based reach envelope at 0° of back rest angle to that at other seat back rest angles. 12 male subjects’ Reach data under 4 different seat angles and other anthropometric data were collected using motion capture system with a sample rate of 120Hz. A simplified model of human body was introduced and modified using the captured data from 4 subjects, with which other subject’s reach points at 0° seat backrest angle were transformed to reach points at other seat backrest angles. Comparison between the transformed envelope and measured reach envelope indicated that the average of difference, SD of difference was -5.5 and 42.76(mm) respectively.
The Noise Source Localization of Industrial Sewing Machine by NAH Method
Authors: Li Zhi Wei , Feng Tao , Huang Zhi Gang , Su Bin , Li Ran , Li Ya Jun , Wu Yao
Published: March 2013

According to the Near-Field Acoustic Holography (NAH) theory, we designed a measurement system, which was used to localize the noise source on five hologram surfaces of a industrial sewing machine. Moreover, we compared the localization results of the noise source on the front surface of the industrial sewing machine by NAH and sound intensity method respectively. The measurement results can provide a theoretical basis for controlling the noise of industrial sewing machine.
Research on the Theories of Self-Synchronization of Dual Mass for Vibrating System with Two-Motor Drives
Authors: Yang Duo , Li Ye , Li He , Wen Bang Chun
Published: March 2013

A vibration model is proposed and analyzed dynamically to study the self-synchronization theory of dual-mass vibration system. The differential equations of systematic motion are derived by applying Lagrange’s equations. Two uncertain parameters are introduced to derive the coupling equations of angular velocity of the two exciters. The conditions of synchronous implementation and stability are derived by utilizing the modified small parameter average method treated as non-dimension to the parameters. The swing of the vibration model plays a major role in the self-synchronization of two motors. The mass ratio of two eccentric blocks has an effect on the stability of synchronous operation.
Harmonic Analysis of the High-Speed Winder with Unbalance Masses
Authors: Hou Xi , Zhang Hui , Wang Sheng Ze
Published: March 2013

A finite beam element model of the spindle which is one of key parts of the high-speed winder is presented in this paper. Critical speeds of the spindle based on the finite beam element model are obtained considering the effect of rotatory inertia, gyroscopic moments, and the damping. Harmonic response analysis of the high-speed winder spindle is developed in two conditions including static unbalance and couple unbalance. The dynamic analysis mentioned above is implemented by using the finite element software ANSYS. Calculation results in this paper are helpful for the dynamic balance of the high-speed winder spindle.
Modeling Wood Density of Larch Using Random Effects Models
Authors: Liu Yin Bang , Jiang Li Chun
Published: March 2013

Wood density samples were collected from dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) trees grown in northeastern China. Six discs (about 5 cm thick) were cut from each tree (i.e. from the root stem, at breast height (1.3m), and at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the total height). For each disc, a thick sliver with parallel sides was cut out along the diameter of the disc. The sliver was about 40-mm thick, with the pith located in the middle. Eight small pieces were cut from the sliver with equal distance from pith to bark. Wood density of small piece was obtained using water displacement method. A second order polynomial equation with linear mixed-effects was used for modeling wood density. The LME procedure in S-Plus is used to fit the mixed-effects models for the wood density data. The results showed that the polynomial model with three random parameters could significantly improve the model performance. The fitted mixed-effects model was also evaluated using a separate dataset. The mixed model was found to predict wood density better than the original model fitted using ordinary least-squares based on absolute and relative errors.
Solid State Bonding of CuCrZr to Duplex Stainless Steel
Authors: Lee Ho Sung , Yoon Jong Hoon , Yoo Joon Tae , Choi Ji Ung
Published: March 2013

In the solid state bonding, joint are made by pressing surfaces together at high temperature so that a bond grows across the interface by atomic diffusion. In order to satisfy both requirements of thermal and mechanical properties of aerospace vehicle, conductive CuCrZr alloy was bonded to duplex steel with high strength. Solid state bonding was performed at 3 different pressure conditions and at temperatures of 850°C and 950°C. Microstructural and mechanical evaluation was performed to obtain the optimum joining condition.
Effect of Electron Beam Welding on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spray-Deposited Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy
Authors: Wang Feng , Zuo Yu Ting , Xiong Bai Qing , Zhang Yon Gan , Liu Hong Wei , Li Zhi Hui , Li Xi Wu
Published: March 2013

In this study, Al-8.6Zn-2.6Mg-2.2Cu (wt,%) alloy was synthesized by the spray atomization and deposition technique. Electron beam welding (EBW) joint in the spray-deposited Al-8.6Zn-2.6Mg-2.2Cu alloy is composed of fusion zone, heat affected zone and base metal region. The microstructure of the fusion zone has been found to be very fine equiaxed grains, and the microstructure of the heat affected zone is mainly composed of α-Al and Al/MgZn2 eutectic microstructure. Extensive microhardness measurements were conducted in the weld regions of the nuggets exhibited a hardness loss in the fusion zone due to the loss of strengthening phases. Tensile properties test results indicated that tensile strength of these welds approached 82.3~85.3% of the base metal. The analysis of fracture surface has confirmed that the specimen fractured within the weld region during tensile test.
Effect of Fast Prototyping Means on the Fatigue Strength of High Carbon Steels
Authors: Puff Rinaldo , Barbieri Renato
Published: March 2013

The objective of this article is to present the effect of fast prototyping means on the fatigue strength of SAE 1075 steel used for planar springs, which are commonly used in different type of machines. Two cutting processes are used for rapid prototyping those components. The first one, with CO2 laser cutting machines and the second, using Electrical Discharge Machines – EDM. It was also evaluated the effect of applying three levels of finishing processes on the work pieces: tumbling, polishing and shot peening. Fatigue tests were performed using a machine specially developed for this purpose, applying fluctuating loads. An analytic formulation and also the use of Finite Element Method – FEM – were applied in order to obtain the stresses present in the work piece during the load application. The characteristics of the work pieces´ surface, mainly at the cutting edge were analyzed, and so was the microstructure of them near the cutting region. It was found that, mainly in the pieces cut by laser, there is a Thermally Affected Zone – TAZ – composed by bainite with retained austenite, which affects the fatigue strength of the material. It was also found that finishing processes improve the fatigue strength of the material by removing defects introduced by the cutting means, and the application of shot peening introduces the better final characteristics.
A Design Concept of an Orthopedic Bone Drilling Mechatronics System
Authors: Kotev Vladimir , Boiadjiev George , Mouri Tetsuya , Delchev Kamen , Kawasaki Haruhisa , Boiadjiev Tony
Published: March 2013

Bone drilling manipulationstake placevery ofteninthe orthopedic surgery. The successful execution of bone drilling requires a high level of dexterity and experience. The patient’s recovering depends on the operation performance. This paper presents a design concept of a bone drilling hand-hold mechatronic system. It is based on the modified structure of the previous our robot ODRO. It isable to detect the bone breakthrough and the stops. It is intended to perform drilling a preliminary set depth. Resistantforce is measured and experimental results are shown.
Creep Behavior of 409L and 436 Ferritic Stainless Steels Applied for Automotive Exhaust System
Authors: Chiu Huai Yi , Kuo Chen Ming , Wang Huei Sen
Published: March 2013

In order to investigate the creep behavior and understand its deformation mechanism of automotive exhaust pipe materials, this study conducted creep experiments of 409L and 436 ferritic stainless steels at both 600°C and 750°C under different stress levels. After creep tests, crept specimens were analyzed on the microstructure and fracture surfaces by the use of scanning electron microscopy. From creep data, two important material coefficients, namely, M of Monkman-Grant relationship and K of Coble creep equation are calculated for predicting the material creep life. Results show the creep resistance of 436 stainless steel is better than that of 409L stainless steel, because the 436 stainless steel has more Ni, Cr, and Mo contents. As the creep mechanism, all tests show grain boundary diffusion or Coble creep is the dominate deformation mechanism, except at higher temperature 750 °C and higher stress levels.
Histomorphometric Analysis: Effects of Simvastatin on Bone Mass, Microarchitecture and Turnover in Normal Rat
Authors: Tian Fa Ming , Zhang Liu , Zhang Hui , Zheng Jie , Han Da Cheng , Yang Fang
Published: March 2013

Simvastatin, as one of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors for lowering lipids, has been demonstrated its potential benefit in bone formation, which was, however, conflicting and inconclusive in vivo studies. Thus, we performed this study to assess the in vivo effects of simvastatin on bone formation. Six-week old rats were administered with simvastatin (20 mg/kg/d) or vehicle for 6 or 9 weeks. All animals were sacrificed one day after the final administration. The left femora were removed for the measurement of bone histomorphometry and bone mineral density (BMD).Compared to the control groups, on both 6th week and 9th week, bone mineral density and bone histomorphometry detected no significant differences in bone mass and microarchitecture in simvastatin treatment group, as well as bone formatin/resorption parameters. These results indicate that simvastatin had no positive effect or impact on bone in rats administered with high dose simvastatin (20 mg/kg/d) for 6 or 9 weeks.
What Is the Optimum Cover Factor?
Authors: Yang Xiao Yuan , Wang Lu , Guan Guo Ping , Li Yu Ling , Peng Lei , Guan Ying , Zeng Shui Lin , King W. Martin
Published: March 2013

When fabricating a small diameter arterial prosthesis, the performance requirements include controlling dimensions, maintaining a uniform structure, ensuring superior mechanical properties as well as excellent biocompatibility. Material selection and fabricating methods can influence these factors. In this study, three 100% polyester prostheses, three bicomponent polyester/silk prostheses and three 100% silk prostheses were woven into seamless tubular prototype prostheses with three different basic weaves. After degumming/scouring they met the target inner diameter of 3.83 ± 0.30 mm which demonstrates that weaving is a precise and accurate way to manufacture small caliber arterial prostheses. In conclusion, the woven samples had a uniform wall structure along their strength and a range of low water permeability values and probe bursting strengths depending on their cover factor.
Application of Pico-Second Laser on Low-K Wafer Dicing
Authors: Wu Shih Jeh , Chao Weike Vic
Published: March 2013

Moore’s law by scaling conventional CMOS involves huge lots of technology evolution in both aspects of electronics material and micromachining. One of the most promising modern innovations is the 3D IC and the key material to the 3D IC is the low-K (dielectric) materials. Since the new generation low-K material is rather porous and fragile in structure strength, conventional singulation methods including the dicing saw and nano-second laser can not be applied. New machine modality has to be used to avoid the cracking and excessive debris contamination. In this paper we demonstrate the application of pico-second laser on the grooving machining of low-K wafer. The results show that the removal of low-K material is up to the production standard: smooth groove bottom with minimal debris. However, as the groove line involves metal pads the laser power is partially consumed by the ablation of the metallic material the depth is not controlled ideally. With proper adjustment of the machine parameter such as laser power, focal depth and pulse energy the problem can be resolved.
Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforcement Polymer Plate
Authors: Seo Soo Yeon
Published: March 2013

This paper presents the study to find retrofit effect in case of Near-Surface-Mounted Retrofit (NSMR) using Carbon Fiber Reinforcement Polymer (CFRP) plate targeting reinforcement concrete (RC) beam by comparing the previous Externally Bonded Retrofit (EBR) method through experimental analytical works. Three RC beam specimens were made and two of them were retrofitted with CFRP plate by using EBR and NSMR. Also Finite Element (FE) analysis was performed in order to simulate the structural behavior of the beams by considering the bond properties between concrete and CFRP. From the study, it was found that the beam retrofitted with EBR hada reduction of bond capacity in the joint while the beam retrofitted with NSMR had perfect bond capacity.
Reliability of Gravity Foundation in Coral Sands Subject to Dynamic Wind Load
Authors: Cheng Zhong Qing , Yang Ping , Jiang Hai Bo
Published: March 2013

Taking circular gravity foundation of high-rise structure in coral sands as research object, on the basis of mechanical analysis of foundation during inclination, the inclination vibration equation was established. The amplitude of foundation inclination was calculated. The inclination performance function of foundation was established. JC method is used to calculate the reliability index of foundation. Calculation shows that the amplitude of wind velocity has great influence on the reliability index of foundation when the frequency of sinusoidal wind pressure equals the natural frequency of foundation in inclination vibration. In the design of foundation, the natural frequency of foundation in inclination vibration should be made as far away from the frequency of fluctuating wind pressure as possible.
Modification for Quantitative Analysis of Welding Residual Stress by X-Ray Stress Analyzer
Authors: Zhang Zhu Wu , Yao Qin , Wu Ai Ping , Gong Ling Zhu
Published: March 2013

Welding residual stress (WRS) has been paid more attention because it would be harmful to safety and intensity of spherical tank. X-ray stress analyzer (XRSA) can be used to non-destructively quantitative analyze WRS. In this study, the real values of Young’s module (E) and Poisson’s ratio (ν) of materials were used to quantitatively calculate. The initial θ0 of materials of welding seam, heat-affected zone and base metal (16MnDR) with zero-stress were detected to analyze influence of quantitative calculation. Moreover, ±5° ψ-oscillation was chosen to use in testing process by XRSA to decrease dispersion of testing data due to large grain size in welding seam and heat-affected zone. Furthermore, XRSA as a non-destructive method will be more used to study WRS of spherical tank, so these results can provide scientific basis for the studying.
Study on Mechanical Properties of Cement Clinker and Limestone by Hertzian Indentation Method
Authors: Wang Xiu Fang
Published: March 2013

The recovery resistance, energy dissipation, and other mechanical properties of cement materials are evaluated based on the Hertzian indentation method in this work. It is significant and efficient for engineering application. In results, the calculated energy dissipation of clinker is higher than that of limestone, which can partially be used to explain why the grinding of clinker consumes a lot of energy in cement industry. The recovery resistance for limestone under the peak load of 100N is almost higher than of clinker. However, in contrast to that of 200N, the recovery resistance for limestone is almost identical to that of clinker. It is indicated that the clinker exhibits better plasticity. and greater energy absorption capacity.
Acoustic and Vibration Characteristics of Finite Cylindrical Shell-Circular Plate Based on Lagrange Equations
Authors: Zhou Qi Zheng , Wang De Shi , Yang Shu
Published: March 2013

An analysis based on Lagrange equations was presented for acoustic and vibration characteristics of finite cylindrical shell-circular plate underwater. The boundary conditions and coupling conditions between the shell and plate expressed using springs, the model of finite shell with circular plate was set up. Considering the elastic potential energy in springs and the work due to fluid loading, the vibro-acoustic equations of finite cylinder with circular plate under excitation were established by Lagrange equations. The influences of boundary conditions and coupling conditions to the acoustic and vibration characteristics were researched. The results show that . The results could be used to control the underwater vehicle’s vibration and acoustic radiation.
The Design of FlexRay-Based Node Communication
Authors: Jin Gu , Song Xue Hua
Published: March 2013

Based on the issue of the communication between two FlexRay nodes, this paper proposes a new design straight by illustrating the mechanism with respect to the way of performing it by both hardware and software means. The important part of the mechanism is demonstrated in detail. The experiments through two Electronic Control Units (ECUs) show that the design can realize the communication between two FlexRay nodes well.
Investigations of an Ion Transport Membrane Reactor Specially Designed for a Power Cycle
Authors: Nemitallah Medhat , Habib Mohamed A. , Ben-Mansour Rached
Published: March 2013

This work is aiming to investigate the dependence of the performance of a 3-D ITM reactor depends on the operating conditions and flow configuration. This work is a design problem, where the oxygen separation requirements of the ITM reactor are specified, and then the reactor is designed to meet them. The effect of subdividing the total reactor length into a number of parallel subunits rather than only one unit on the flow characteristics and membrane stability is studied. The results indicate that the average wall temperature is higher in the case of counter current flow than in the case of co-current flow; this is attributed to the effective heat transfer in the case of counter-current flow, and as a result, the average partial pressure driving force was found to be much lower in the case of counter current flow in order to get the same average flux for both flow configuration. The present results indicate that the use of parallel design instead of series design will result in shorten the channel length, reduce pressure drop through the system and will result in more stable operation of the membrane. Also, this design takes the benefit of high oxygen permeation flux at channel inlet which will reduce the total size of the reactor.
A Study on the Thermal Load Saving of an University Office Building with Passive Items
Authors: No Sang Tae , Kim Jae Yeob
Published: March 2013

Curtain wall system shows good performance for daylighting and openness, but it also causes deterioration of thermal comfort because it brings too much solar irradiation to interior space. So in this study, to reduce heating and cooling loads, some passive items, such as window-wall ratio, air exchange rate, outdoor louver, and composition of window glass were adopted to a university office building and the monthly heating-cooling loads were evaluated by EnergyPlus simulation. The actual energy usages were compared to loads of simulation data to verify simulation accuracy and real data and simulation result showed good match. As a result, air exchange rate and interior setpoint temperature influenced on thermal loads more than the other passive items.
A Study on the Vibration Characteristics of the Optical Structure in the Aerial Vehicle and Optimisation Using Robust Design
Authors: Kim Byeong Jun , Lee Jun Ho , Lee Haeng Bok , Jung Dae Yoon , Cheon Seong S.
Published: March 2013

In this paper, an optical structure for the aircraft was considered and its vibrational characteristics and weight were optimised using the robust design technology. To acquire the vibration characteristics and the stable line of sight, modal analyses were performed to the optical structure using the commercial multi-body dynamics programme ADAMS. Four design variables, were selected to investigate the vibrational characteristics as well as lightweight effect using the L9(34) type orthogonal array. To fulfill the natural frequency criterion (75Hz), the proper values of each design variable were suggested.
Evaluation of Mechanical and Thermal Stresses in Polymer Gear Teeth through Simulation Approach
Authors: Lindholm Per , Qin Jian
Published: March 2013

One way to achieve lightweight and lubricant-free drive train is, among others, to convert conventional steel to polymer composite materials. This paper describes a part of this endeavor by taking a spur gear pair as a study object. One of the steel gear wheel is replaced with three different materials including Victrex PEEK 650G, Victrex PEEK 650CA30 and Luvocom PEEK 1105-8165 while keeping the gear geometry unchanged. Mechanical stresses and thermal properties are two major criteria for material selection at this stage. Therefore carbon fiber filled PEEK (Victrex PEEK 650CA30) and PEEK filled with thermal conductive minerals (Luvocom 1105-8165) are chosen to benchmark each of the criterion. The evaluation is done by modeling the gear mesh and analyzing the contact forces and heat generated in the gear tooth. The results show surface temperature on the tooth flanks, root tensional stress and contact pressure during the tooth mesh. The work suggests a guideline of materials selection. Depending on actual application a compromisation between mechanical and thermal properties often needs to be considered within the tolerance boundary in order to obtain optimized results. This work only deals with material selection. Gear design such as optimization of tooth geometry for polymer gears is out of the scope of this study and will not be discussed.
Adapting Optimal Operation Strategy for the Chiller Plant of a Semiconductor FAB
Authors: Kao C.Y. , Yang K.H. , Tang S.C. , Chang Luh Maan
Published: March 2013

In a semi-conductor FAB, the chiller plant is a major drain of power among the supporting facilities. According to ISMI, the air-conditioning system consumes a quarter of the total electricity supply of a semi-conductor Fab, even more for some older Fabs. Thus, cutting down the power consumption of the chiller plant becomes extremely important to save energy. Therefore, a study was made to achieve 3% power reduction for the chiller plant. The purpose of this paper is to report the strategies used for the power reduction through testing, adjusting and balancing, and TAB. The strategies included: development of an experimental model for the chillers’ performance, the establishment of energy-efficient operational strategies, the enhancement of cooling tower energy efficiency, and conducting a full-scale experimental investigation. The development of this experimental model utilizes the ASHRAE Guideline 14-2002 as a tool, and is integrated with the BEMS system to perform a remote real time online energy auditing system, within which an intelligent operational strategy has been implemented.
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Small Canister-Launched Space Launch Vehicle Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Villanueva Fredy M. , He Lin Shu , Xu Da Jun
Published: March 2013

A multidisciplinary design optimization approach of a three stage solid propellant canister-launched launch vehicle is considered. A genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method has been used. The optimized launch vehicle (LV) is capable of delivering a microsatellite of 60 kg. to a low earth orbit (LEO) of 600 km. altitude. The LV design variables and the trajectory profile variables were optimized simultaneously, while a depleted shutdown condition was considered for every stage, avoiding the necessity of a thrust termination device, resulting in reduced gross launch mass of the LV. The results show that the proposed optimization approach was able to find the convergence of the optimal solution with highly acceptable value for conceptual design phase.
Energy Information Communication Technologies for Smart Home Applications
Authors: Sun Huo Ching , Huang Yann Chang , Chen Hsing Feng
Published: March 2013

This paper reviews previous and recent trends in energy information communication technologies (EICT) for smart home applications. Relevant EICT publications on smart homes are reviewed. Smart home and smart home energy management system (SHEMS) related concepts are described, followed by a thorough review of SHEMS and EICT technologies. As is increasingly recognized, EICT is a highly effective means of monitoring, controlling, and conserving energy consumption in smart home applications. Additionally, various EICT approaches are surveyed to evaluate the feasibility of smart home applications by discussing historical developments and introducing advanced EICT methods. Importantly, in addition to surveying the latest trends, this study contributes to efforts to further advanced EICT applications in smart homes.
Linear-Matrix-Inequality-Based Fault Diagnosis for Gas Turbofan Engine Using Eigenstructure Assignment Principle
Authors: Liu Yue , Tan Dao Liang , Wang Bin , Wang Xi
Published: March 2013

This paper proposes an eigenstructure assignment method for engine control system diagnosis based on disturbance decoupling, since noisy disturbance has an adverse impact on the performance of aircraft engine fault detection and isolation (FDI). In practice, it is often difficult to solve the eigenstructure assignment method, and the result is far from being satisfactory. In view of this, the paper makes an attempt to deal with the issue by linear matrix inequality (LMI). The advantages of the presented method are as follows: first, it can reduce the effect of exogenous disturbance on fault detection; In the meantime, it will not impair sensitivity to system faults. Experimental results show that the suggested approach performs well on the simulation of an advanced turbofan engine.
Hybrid Differential Evolution for Power Economic Dispatch Problems Considering the Incorporated Cost Model
Authors: Chiang Chao Lung
Published: March 2013

This paper presents an effective algorithm to solve power economic dispatch (PED) problems considering incorporated cost model of valve-point effects and multiple fuels. The proposed algorithm integrates the hybrid differential evolution (HDE) and the multiplier updating (MU). Few PED problems related studies have seldom addressed both valve-point loadings and change fuels. To show the advantages of the proposed algorithm, was employed to test PED problems with one test system considering the incorporated cost model. Additionally, the proposed algorithm was compared with the differential evolution (DE), revealing that the proposed method is more effective and efficient than the DE in application of power system.
An Overview of the Recommender System
Authors: Zhao Lu , Yang Rong Rong , Zhai Meng , Liu Feng Ming
Published: March 2013

Delivering recommendation services are the trend of the future, so Recommender System varied very vital and widely applied in e-commerce websites to help customers in finding the items they want. A recommender system should be able to provide users with useful information about the items that might be interesting to them. The ability of immediately responding to changes in users preferences is a valuable asset for such systems. In recommender system, a variety of methods have been emerged as the basis for recommender. However, existing recommendation methods have the limitation. To overcome this limitation, we will propose new recommender system by combining the existing techniques. So, we firstly give an overview of recommender system for the future researches.
PZT Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Hwang Shun Fa , Li Wen Bin
Published: March 2013

PZT thin film was fabricated by using RF-sputtering process, and platinum was used as bottom electrodes. The sputtering gases were Ar：O2＝25：0 sccm, Ar：O2＝20：5 sccm, or Ar：O2＝15：10 sccm. After sputtering, the PZT film was annealed for 5 minutes under O2 gas environment and at the temperature of 600 0C, 650 0C, 700 0C or 750 0C. To judge the quality of the deposited PZT film, its physical properties and electric properties were evaluated. The results indicate that the best crystallization temperature of PZT thin film is about 700 0C. Also, the roughness of the PZT thin film becomes larger with the increasing of annealing temperature. By adding more oxygen in the sputtering gas, one could have better crystallization of the PZT film. As for the electrical properties, the leakage current of PZT thin film increases with the increasing of annealing temperature. Furthermore, the ferroelectric property is affected by the crystallization amount of perovskite, the thickness of PZT thin film, and the diffusion situation between the bottom electrode and the PZT film.