bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Approach for Human Diseases Prediction Using Air Quality Index
Authors:   Department of ECE, Kakatiya Institute of Technology and science, Warangal, VENU D. , YUVARAJ D. ,   Dept of Computer science, Cihan University – Duhok, Kuridsitan Region, Iraq, MURALI M. ,   Department of IT, Sona College of Technology, VATS DOOHAN NITIKA ,   Medi-Caps University, Indore
Published: May 2024

Air pollution has become an extremely serious issue as the air pollutants emitted from motor vehicles has a greater impact on human health than other contaminants. Air quality forecasting plays a major role in giving warning to people and controlling air pollution. The single technique forecasting has various drawbacks such as low accuracy, low performance and low speed. Our present work overcome the above drawbacks by using a hybrid model approach. Our proposed method aims to forecast air quality to predict the hourly concentration of air pollutants using a hybrid model of data mining and machine learning. It predicts diseases due to emission of air pollutants from the motor vehicles based on Air Quality Index level. The CLusteringInQUEst algorithm is used to cluster geo-spatial data for specific input region. The Air Quality Index (AQI) for desirable set of mportant air pollutant features was calculated from the datasets produced by air pollutants from atmosphere. The calculated AQI was the input to the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) decision tree. It then classifies AQI level for the specific air pollutants. Then the diseases were classified using XGB algorithm.CLIQUE method has chosen than any other data mining techniques for which it can accurately predict diseases based on AQI values. XGBoost classifier is known for its good performance gradient bosting tree models which is very fast and an efficient one for both computation time and memory. Hence the above two techniques were combined as a hybrid approach to get the benefits of those features.The hybrid model produces a result with a higher performance, accuracy and speed compared to other models. In this paper, we have compared accuracy and precision rates for the hybrid approach with two single techniques such as Support Vector Machine and Random Forest.An accuracy and Precision rates of our proposed hybrid approach was 98.6% and 98.7% than Support Vector Machine has 93.85% and 94.8% & Random Forest has 94.28% and 94.52% which proves that hybrid approach is an efficient diseases prediction technique in real-time environment.
In vitro elicitation supports the enrichment of 2H4MB production in callus suspension cultures of D. hamiltonii Wight & Arn
Authors:   Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research – Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore – 570 020, Karnataka, India, KOPPADA UMASHANKAR , MATAM PRADEEP ,   Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research – Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore – 570 020, Karnataka, India, PARVATAM GIRIDHAR ,   Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research – Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore – 570 020, Karnataka, India
Published: May 2024

Influence of elicitation on in vitro production of 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxy Benzaldehyde (2H4MB), a structural isomer of vanillin from callus suspension cultures of Decalepis hamiltonii was investigated. In vitro culture conditions were optimized to induce callus, suspension culture and biomass followed by metabolite production. Suspension cultures were established using leaf generated friable callus. Maximum content of 2H4MB production 0.079 ± 0.01 mg 100g-1 DW and biomass 197.5 ± 1.5 gL-1 were observed by 4th week of culturing. Elicitation was induced to suspension cultures by using m-topolin (mT), sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and pectin individually at different concentrations. m-topolin (15 μM), pectin (15 μM) and SNP (10 μM) supported 0.31 mg100g-1 DW, 0.27 mg100g-1 DW and 0.21 mg100g-1 of 2H4MB production respectively by 4th week. This data infers that the elicitation improves 2H4MB content in callus suspension cultures of D. hamiltonii.
التباين المكاني للإنتاج النباتي في محافظة كركوك 2009-2021
Authors: خماس عزيز البياتي طارق احمد , احمد الدوري عبدالرزاق جاسم
Published: May 2024

تُعدُ دراسة مشكلة إنتاج الغذاء من الدراسات التي نالت اهتمام الباحثين والمختصين، واصبحت الحاجة ماسة لتوفير لقمة العيش لحياة السكان, باعتبار الغذاء ضرورة من ضرورات الحياة, لذلك هدف هذا البحث دراسة وتحليل التباين المكاني والزماني لكميات إنتاج الغذاء النباتي و معدلات النمو السنوي له وعلى مستوى المحصول في محافظة كركوك على مستوى الوحدات الإدارية, واتبعت الدراسة المنهج الاستقرائي القائم على استقراء المادة الجغرافية وجمع البيانات المتنوعة من المصادر, واستخدمت المنهج التحليلي لإظهار مدى ذلك التباين, وقد اشتملت الدراسة على مبحثين تناول المبحث الأول الاطار النظري للبحث, اما المبحث الثاني الذي سلط الضوء على دراسة واقع الإنتاج الغذائي النباتي و معدل النمو السنوي للإنتاج مدة الدراسة.
أثر تسريع التفكير في تحصيل طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الاجتماعيات وتنمية تفكيرهم عالي الرتبة
Authors: عبدالله خلف العجيلي اسعد حمود , خميس الدليمي طارق هاشم
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على (أثر تسريع التفكير في تحصيل طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الاجتماعيات وتنمية تفكيرهم عالي الرتبة).ولغرض التحقق من ذلك تم فرض الفرضيات الآتية:
الفرضية الرئيسية الأولى: الفرضية الرئيسة الأولى : لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الاولى الذين يدرسون مادة الاجتماعيات باستعمال أنموذج (تسريع التفكير) ومتوسط درجات المجموعة الضابطة الثانية الذين يدرسون باستعمال  (الطريقة الاعتيادية) في أختبار التحصيل .
الفرضية الرئيسية الثانية : لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون مادة الاجتماعيات باستعمال إنموذج (تسريع التفكير) ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون باستعمال (الطريقة الاعتيادية) في إختبار التفكير عالي الرتبة. استعمل الباحثان المنهج التجريبي واختار التصميم التجريبي ذا المجموعات المتكافئة ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، تألف مجتمع الدراسة من طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط في المدارس المتوسطة التابعة للمديرية العامة لتربية محافظة صلاح الدين/ تكريت/ البوعجيل للعام الدراسي (2018-2019) لغرض تطبيق التجربة، بلغت عينة الدراسة (65) طالباً من طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط وزعوا على مجموعتين تجريبية و ضابطة، حيث كان عدد المجموعة التجريبية  (22) طالبا الذين درسوا وفق إنموذج المنحى البنائي وعدد المجموعة الضابطة (23) طالبا الذين درسوا وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية ، وقد توصل الباحثان الى النتائج الآتية :

تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية التي درست المادة بواساطة إنموذج (تسريع التفكير) على المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا مادة الاجتماعيات باستعمال (الطريقة الاعتيادية) في اختبار التحصيل لمادة الاجتماعيات .
تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين درسوا مادة الاجتماعيات باستعمال إنموذج (تسريع التفكير) على زملائهم في المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا بالطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار التفكير عال الرتبة .
فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على توجهات (STEM)في تنمية التصورات المستقبلية عند مدرسي الرياضيات
Authors: علاوي ميسون صالح , حسين الجبوري فلاح صالح
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث التعرف على (فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على توجهات ((STEM في تنمية التصورات المستقبلية عند مدرسي الرياضيات ومدرساتها)، اتبع الباحثان تصميماً تجريبياً من نوع المجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي، وتمثل مجتمع البحث بمدرسي الرياضيات الذين يقومون بتدريس المادة في المرحلة المتوسطة والثانوية والاعدادية للعام الدراسي 2021/2022م، والبالغ عددهم (656) مدرسا ومدرسة في المديرية العامة للتربية في محافظة صلاح الدين، اما عينة البحث فقد تم استعمال الطريقة القصدية في اختيارها تمثلت بـ(25) مدرسا ومدرسة من مدارس قسم تربية العلم.، استعمل الباحثان برنامج التدريبي في ضوء توجهات(STEM) ولقياس المتغير التابع استعمل ((التصورات المستقبلية)) وتكونت من (40) فقرة، وتأكدا من صدقه وثباته، استعملت الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة، وتوصل الباحثان الى وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,05) بين التطبيق القبلي والتطبيق البعدي في التصورات المستقبلية ولصالح التطبيق البعدي.
Imaging characteristics of normal, common and uncommon diseases of seminal vesicles: A review article
Authors: Ibraheem Usama Murad , Alobaid Mazin Anwer Yadgar
Published: May 2024

Seminal vesicles (SVs) are pair of androgen-dependent accessory glandular structures of the male reproductive system. They play a critical role in male fertility. The main purpose of this review is to illustrate the  imaging findings of  the normal and the spectrum of seminal vesicles diseases, including congenital anomalies, inflammation,  neoplastic , and nonneoplastic  diseases.
Sociodemographic and Contextual Determinants of Men’s Fertility Desires in Northern Nigeria: An Analysis of the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors:   Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Thailand, Abbani Abubakar Yakubu , Yinusa Rasheed Adebayo ,   Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria, Niazi Habibullah ,   Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Thailand, Usman Mustapha Giro ,   Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria, Idris Umar Boku ,   Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Federal University Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria
Published: May 2024

Nigeria has a high fertility rate, averaging 5.1 children per woman. The desire for large families, especially by men from the northern region, is a crucial driver of the country’s high total fertility rate. There is, however, a shortage of evidence on the sociodemographic determinants of men’s fertility desires despite being essential stakeholders in fertility decisions in the family. This study, therefore, estimates men’s desired family sizes and the sociodemographic and contextual factors influencing their desires in the northern region of Nigeria. Data from the men’s recoded 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey dataset were used with a sample of 7,822 men. The chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to test the association and estimate the relationship between the outcome and predictor variables. The findings revealed that 71% of men desired to have at least six children, which was high irrespective of sociodemographic characteristics. However, the desire for six or more children was lower (65%) among the youngest cohort than among the oldest (80%). Being a Muslim (AOR = 4.50, 95% CI [3.86, 5.24], p < .05), having two or more wives (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI [1.68, 3.45], p < .05), having 3–5 (AOR = 2.28, 95% CI [1.89, 2.76], p < .05) and six or more (AOR = 6.03, 95% CI [4.48, 8.13], p < .05) living children, and living in the northeast (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI [1.75, 2.37], p < .05) and northwest (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI [1.20, 1.72], p < .05) zones were the most significant predictors of high fertility desire by men. Policymakers should target these categories of men in fertility and family planning programs to promote lowering and slowing the rate of fertility and population growth.
Effects of Copper Foam Wall/Obstacles on the Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition
Authors: Jiang Yuguang , Kang Jianing , Lin Yong , Yang Shaoxiong , Zhang Jin , Fan Wei
Published: May 2024

To investigate the process of deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) of the copper foam wall in the pulse detonation engine, detonation combustion experiments were carried out using ethylene and oxygen-enriched air (oxygen concentration: 40%) as fuel and oxidant. The effects of copper foam pore size, thickness, installation length, and structure on the flame acceleration were studied experimentally, as were the effects of blockage ratio and mixture equivalence ratio. The results show that among the four pore sizes selected, the 10 PPI case produces the fastest flame development on the porous flat wall. For conditions with successful detonation, the 10 PPI case reduces the DDT distance and time by 34.97 and 42.57%, respectively, compared with the 40 PPI case. Regarding the installation length of copper foam, it is found that copper foam with a large pore size (10 PPI) and a short installation length achieves stable detonation. The general structure of copper foam was also analyzed, including the porous flat wall, porous obstacle, and solid obstacle with the same installation length. These three structures effectively accelerate the initiation of detonation. Particularly, porous obstacles show more pronounced effects on flame acceleration than the commonly used solid obstacles. These results are instructive for optimizing the short-distance ignition ability of pulsed detonation engines.
Single-Loop Sampling for Estimating Failure-Probability Upper-Bound Function
Authors: Yan Yuhua , Lu Zhenzhou , Feng Kaixuan , Yang Yixin
Published: May 2024

Under random-interval mixed uncertainties of structures, failure-probability upper-bound function (FPUBF), which varies with the distribution parameters of random inputs, can not only provide the influence of distribution parameters on the failure-probability upper bound (FPUB), but also contribute to decoupling a reliability-based design optimization model. Although FPUBF can be estimated by repeatedly evaluating FPUBs at different distribution parameter realizations, it suffers from unaffordable computational cost resulting from this double-loop framework. To address this issue, this paper proposes a single-loop sampling strategy (SL) to estimate FPUBF at arbitrary realizations in the interested distribution parameter region. Instead of the huge computational cost of a double-loop framework, the SL estimates the entire FPUBF only by one simulation analysis. Moreover, importance sampling (IS) variance reduction technique is introduced, and a single-loop IS probability density function (PDF), or SL-IS-PDF, is constructed to more efficiently estimate FPUBF by reducing the required size of the candidate sample pool. For approximating the optimal SL-IS-PDF and identifying the states of candidate samples efficiently, the double-loop adaptive Kriging model of performance function is introduced to further reduce the number of performance function evaluations. A numerical example and two composite structure examples are employed to verify the accuracy, efficiency, and feasibility of the proposed methods.
Effect of Gas Addition on Liquid Kerosene Combustion in a Scramjet Combustor
Authors: Ma Guangwei , Li Fan , Zhao Guoyan , Sun Mingbo , Liu Mingjiang , Wang Hongbo
Published: May 2024

Experiments were conducted at Mach 2.52 to investigate the effect of gas addition on the mixing and combustion characteristics of the liquid kerosene in a scramjet combustor. Two different combustion modes (scram mode and ram mode) were achieved by varying the equivalence ratio. Flowfield diagnostic techniques, such as shadow visualization and wall pressure measurement, and Proper Orthogonal Decomposition analysis were employed to investigate the complex supersonic gas– liquid two-phase combustion flowfield. It is found that, compared to the pure high-pressure kerosene, the gas-added kerosene can achieve better combustion performance at low injection pressure. The gas addition increases the fuel-jet penetration depth and promotes flowfield fluctuations. The gas–liquid two-phase instability induces large-scale vortices within the fuel-jet shear layer. The diffusion and mixing of kerosene are enhanced by the large-scale vortices, and the rapid and intense combustion of kerosene is realized.
Effect of motor, non-motor clinical features including sleep quality, and prescription pattern on adherence to antiparkinsonian medications in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Samanta Subhash , Kumar Niraj , Kanimozhi M. , Bisht Manisha , Gupta Ravi
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

Adherence to antiparkinsonian medications (APMs) may significantly influence Parkinson’s disease (PD) outcome. The present study assesses the role of motor and non-motor features, and prescription patterns on adherence.

Materials and Methods:

This observational and cross-sectional study included 50 PD patients taking APMs for ≥24 months. Demographic data, PD characteristics, treatment, and follow-up history were collected. Patients following up at least once in six months were considered as regular, else were labeled irregular. Montreal cognitive assessment, patient health questionnaire-4, Pittsburgh sleep quality (SQ) index, Epworth sleepiness scale, global quality of life (GQOL) scale, and Morisky Green Levine medication adherence scale (MGL-MAS) were used to evaluate cognition, depressive and anxiety features, SQ, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), quality of life (QOL), and APMs adherence, respectively.

Results:

Nearly half (46%) of the PD patients reported high adherence (MGL-MAS = 0). Most of the clinical characteristics were comparable between those with medium/low and high adherence, except for a larger proportion of patients in the medium/low adherence group belonging to Hoehn–Yahr stage >2 (P = 0.02). A comparable proportion of patients in both groups reported poor SQ (P = 0.52) and EDS (P = 0.32). In comparison to the high adherence group, a significantly lower median GQOL score was observed in the medium/low adherence group (median [interquartile range] = 65 [50–70] vs. 80 [70–85]; P < 0.001). The APMs prescription and follow-up patterns were comparable between both groups.

Conclusion:

More than half the PD patients reported medium-to-low adherence. While motor severity and depressive symptoms were associated with medium-to-low adherence, poor SQ was comparable in both groups. Those with medium-to-low adherence reported poor QOL.
Smartphone fundus photography by a physician in medical emergencies: An analytical cross-sectional study of 182 patients
Authors: PRADEEP R. , AMALNATH S. DEEPAK , KASTURI NIRUPAMA
Published: May 2024

Background

Fundus examination is an integral part of the clinical evaluation of patients with medical emergencies. It is done at the bedside using a portable direct ophthalmoscope. Smartphone fundus photography (SFP) is a novel technique of retinal imaging. We evaluated the use of SFP by a physician in medical emergencies and compared it with direct ophthalmoscopy (DO) findings of the ophthalmologist.

Methods

We did a prospective study on patients admitted with medical emergencies with an indication for fundus examination. The SFP was done by the physician, and its findings were noted. These were compared with the DO findings of the ophthalmologist.

Results

Of the 182 patients studied, 111 (61%) had fundus findings by SFP and 95 (52.5%) by DO. Papilloedema (21.4%), haemorrhages (20%) and Roth spots (12.5%) were most common. DO missed early papilloedema and findings in the peripheral retina.

Conclusions

SFP is as effective as DO, in detecting retinal findings in patients with medical emergencies and can be performed at the bedside by the physician.
Surgical options in thoracic disc herniation: Evaluating long-term outcomes of 21 cases based on a single-center 10-year experience
Authors: Thoma Constantinos , Charlton Tara Lee , David Karoly M. , Prezerakos Georgios
Published: May 2024

Background:

Symptomatic thoracic disc herniation (TDH) is a rare pathology that is addressed with relatively challenging surgical approaches, the choice and technical execution of which have been well described in the literature. Interestingly, long-term outcomes, including surgical site pain-related disability, the need for instrumentation, and commonly occurring complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-pleural fistula have not been widely addressed. Here, we address the complication profiles and long-term outcomes of different surgical approaches for TDH.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective review of 21 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for TDH between 2000 and 2010. We assessed post-operative complications such as CSF-pleural fistulas, as well as long-term outcomes using Frankel grades, the EQ-5D-3L, and the Visual Analog Scale. We also looked at the need for instrumentation postoperatively.

Results:

21 consecutive patients (13 females, 8 males) with a mean age of 55.3 years (Standard deviation 8.1) underwent thoracic discectomy for symptomatic TDH. Surgical approaches included posterolateral thoracotomy (52%, n = 11), costotransversectomy (43%, n = 9), and transpedicular (5%, n = 1). Herniations were classified as soft (38%, n = 8), calcified (38%, n = 8), or calcified-transdural (24%, n = 5). Postoperatively, all patients with calcifiedtransdural herniations undergoing posterolateral thoracotomy (100%, n = 5) developed CSF-pleural fistulas, which resolved spontaneously without the need for surgical re-exploration. 89% (n = 16) of patients exhibited sustained improvement in Frankel scores. Persistent wound site pain was reported by 50% (n = 7) of patients.

Conclusion:

Despite favorable neurological outcomes, patients with symptomatic TDHs can experience long-term surgical site pain, and therefore, a move toward minimally invasive exposure in such cases should be considered. Postoperative complications such as CSF-pleural fistulas are unlikely to require surgical intervention and thus can be managed conservatively.
Preserving Precise Choreography of Bonds in Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis: New Type of Ligand Allows High Z-Selectivity Even at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Grzesiński Łukasz , Nadirova Maryana , Guschlbauer Jannick , Brotons-Rufes Artur , Poater Albert , Kajetanowicz Anna , Grela Karol
Published: May 2024

The Z-alkene geometry is prevalent in various chemical compounds, including numerous building blocks, fine chemicals, and natural products. Unfortunately, established Mo, W, and Ru Z‑selective catalysts lose their selectivity at high temperatures required for industrial processes like reactive distillation, which limits their synthetic applications. To address this issue, we developed a catalyst capable of providing Z-alkenes with high selectivity under harsh conditions. Our research revealed a novel dithiolate ligand that, stabilised by resonance, delivers high selectivity at temperatures up to 150 °C in concentrated mixtures. This distinguishes the dithioquinoxaline complex from existing Z-selective catalysts. Notably, this unique trait does not compromise the new catalyst’s usability under classical conditions, matching the activity of known stereoretentive catalysts. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed to understand the reaction mechanism and selectivity, and to investigate the poisoning that the catalyst may undergo and how it competes with catalytic activity. Furthermore, the new quinoxaline-based catalyst enables the valorisation of bio-sourced alkene feedstocks and the production of agricultural sex pheromones for pest control.
MISTER-T: An Open-Source Software Package for Quantum Optimal Control of Multi-Electron Systems on Arbitrary Geometries
Authors: Chen Yuan , Okyay Mahmut , Wong Bryan
Published: May 2024

We present an open-source software package, MISTER-T (Manipulating an Interacting System of Total Electrons in Real-Time), for the quantum optimal control of interacting electrons within a time-dependent Kohn-Sham formalism. In contrast to other implementations restricted to simple models on rectangular domains, our method enables quantum optimal control calculations for multi-electron systems (in the effective mass formulation) on nonuniform meshes with arbitrary two-dimensional cross-sectional geometries. Our approach is enabled by forward and backward propagator integration methods to evolve the Kohn-Sham equations with a pseudoskeleton decomposition algorithm for enhanced computational efficiency. We provide several examples of the versatility and efficiency of the MISTER-T code in handling complex geometries and quantum control mechanisms. The capabilities of the MISTER-T code provide insight into the implications of varying propagation times and local control mechanisms to understand a variety of strategies for manipulating electron dynamics in these complex systems.
In situ neutron reflectometry reveals the interfacial microenvironment driving electrochemical ammonia synthesis
Authors: Niemann Valerie Anne , Doucet Mathieu , Benedek Peter , Deissler Niklas Henrik , Mygind Jon Bjarke Valbaek , Lee Sang-Won , Chorkendorff Ib , Nielander Adam , Tarpeh William , Jaramillo Thomas
Published: May 2024

Electrified interfaces are critical to the performance of energy systems and often demonstrate substantial complexity under operating conditions. Nanoscale understanding of the interfacial microenvironment, i.e., the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), in lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction (Li-N2R) is key for realizing efficient ammonia production. Using in situ neutron reflectometry, we found the Li-N2R SEI comprises a thick, diffuse outer layer and a thin, compact inner layer at low current cycling. Increasing current density resulted in a thinner outer layer with a thicker inner layer; sustained current led to LiH formation. Neutron absorption indicated boron uptake in the SEI. Time-resolved tracking of SEI growth with isotope contrasting revealed the proton donor modifies the inner layer, and the solvent modifies the outer layer. Li dendritic growth was observed in the absence of a proton donor. Our results inform Li-based systems and reaction microenvironments, and these methods can be applied broadly to interfacial energy technologies.
Synthesis of Polyurethane Thermoplastic Elastomer via Phosphonium Borane Lewis Pair Mediated Sequential Homopolymerization of Epoxides and Copolymerization of Epoxides and p-Tosyl Isocyanate
Authors: Zhao Jiayue , Song Xinyuan , Guo Xiaoyu , Sun Abin , Shi Minmin , Gu Yanru , Wang Xiaowu , Zhong Ronglin , Li Zhibo
Published: May 2024

Ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides with isocyanates provides an alternate pathway for the synthesis of polyurethane (PU) featuring different tertiary carbamate linkages, thereby offering new possibilities for material properties and applications. Herein, we present the controlled ROCOP of propylene oxide (PO) and p-tosyl isocyanate (TSI) using PBB-Br as a highly efficient organocatalyst under mild conditions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the selective TSI activation changes the reaction pathway from PO homopolymerization to copolymerization of PO and TSI. Taking advantage of PBB-Br serving as a switchable catalyst between ROP of PO and ROCOP of PO and TSI, it facilitates us to first synthesize well-defined PPO soft block using chain transfer agent. Subsequently facile one-pot tandem feeding of PO and TSI mixture allows us to realize the preparation of varied molecular weights and PU/PPO ratios of PU-b-PPO-b-PU triblock polymers for the first time. The mechanical properties of the prepared triblock polymers are carefully measured and behave as good elastomers.
Size-Dependent Spin Crossover and Bond Flexibility in Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles
Authors: Davenport Audrey , Marshall Checkers , Nishiguchi Taichi , Kadota Kentaro , Andreeva Anastasia , Horike Satoshi , Brozek Carl
Published: May 2024

Size reduction offers a synthetic route to tunable phase change behavior. Preparing materials as nanoparticles causes drastic modulations to critical temperatures (Tc), hysteresis widths, and the “sharpness” of first-order versus second-order phase transitions. A microscopic picture of the chemistry underlying this size dependence in phenomena ranging from melting to superconductivity remains debated. As a case study with broad implica-tions, we report that size-dependent spin crossover (SCO) in nanocrystals of the metal-organic framework (MOF) Fe(1,2,3-triazolate)2 arises from metal-linker bonds becoming more labile in smaller particles. In comparison to the bulk material, differential scanning calorimetry indicates a ~30-40% reduction in Tc and H in the smallest particles. Variable-temperature vibrational spectroscopy reveals a diminished long-range structural cooperativi-ty, while X-ray diffraction evidences an over three-fold increase in the thermal expansion coefficients. This “phonon softening” provides a molecular mechanism for designing size-dependent behavior in framework ma-terials and for understanding phase changes in general.
Path-independent all-visible orthogonal photoswitching for applications in multi-photochromic polymers and molecular computing
Authors: Köttner Laura , Dube Henry
Published: May 2024

Synthetic molecular photoswitches have taken center stage as high-precision tools to introduce light-responsiveness at the smallest scales. Today they are found in all areas of applied chemistry, covering materials research, chemical biology, catalysis, or nanotechnology. For a next step of applicability truly orthogonal photoswitching is highly desirable but to date such fully independent addressability of different photoswitches remains to be extremely challenging. In this work we present the first example of all-visible, all-light responsive, path independent, and fully orthogonal photoswitching. By combining two recently developed indigoid photoswitches - peri-anthracenethioindigo and rhodanine-based chromophore - a four-state system is established and each state can be accessed in very high yields completely independently and also with visible light irradiation only. The four states give rise to four different colors, which can be transferred to a solid polymer matrix yielding a multi-state photochromic material of high versatility. Further, combination with a fluorescent dye as third component is possible elevating applicability in all-photonic molecular logic behavior and information processing with this orthogonal photoswitching system.
El impacto del consumo de energía en el crecimiento económico: Un análisis con datos de panel
Authors: Tambini Valenzuela Karen Antonella , Vergara Olivera Vanessa Andrea
Published: May 2024

El presente estudio analiza el rol del consumo de energía desagregado en el crecimiento de las economías industrializadas con mayor consumo de energía, las cuales representan el 60 % del consumo mundial. Los resultados, tras la estimación con errores estándar corregidos para panel, apuntan a una relación positiva y significativa entre cuatro tipos de energía (petróleo, carbón, gas natural y energía renovable) y el crecimiento del PBI. El consumo de petróleo genera el efecto de mayor magnitud en el crecimiento económico, mientras que la energía renovable tendría el menor impacto. Frente a ello, se recomienda ser prudentes con respecto a políticas conservacionistas que podrían afectar negativamente el crecimiento económico, pero se sugiere el cambio paulatino en la matriz energética hacia fuentes menos contaminantes como la energía renovable. Este estudio proporciona evidencia empírica del rol del consumo de energía en el crecimiento de las economías industrializadas y su impacto diferencial según el tipo de energía.
Signos ideológicos e vozes sociais em um colégio da brigada militar
Authors: Santos João Ricardo Fagundes dos , Diedrich Marlete Sandra
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho discute a dinâmica interacional do Colégio Tiradentes da Brigada Militar - Passo Fundo/RS (CTBM-PF). O estudo configura-se no âmbito da Análise Dialógica do Discurso, do Círculo de Bakhtin, tendo como objetivo analisar as relações dialógicas na dinâmica interacional do CTBM-PF, verificando a relação do uso de signos com a atmosfera heteroglóssica dialogizada no contexto social de um colégio militar e sua tensão de forças e vozes sociais. O trabalho constata que interagir é trabalhar nas fronteiras de diferentes vozes sociais, ambiente que gera tensões dialógicas e que constituem os sujeitos.
Discursos e imagens: a inclusão no ensino superior e o olhar discente para si e para o outro
Authors: Oliveira Borges Fernanda , Barbosa Marinalva Vieira
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva a análise das relações de sentidos e imagens de si e do outro nos discursos de alunos monitorados e monitores do Programa de Monitoria Inclusiva de uma universidade da região sudeste do Brasil. As análises foram baseadas no conceito de formações imaginárias, como proposto por Pêcheux (1969), na obra organizada por Gadet & Hak (1997). O corpus, discursos produzidos em entrevistas, foi construído com base na concepção de pesquisa qualitativa e indiciária (Esteban, 2010; Ginzburg, 1989). Os resultados mostram a diferença como estigma; os discursos materializam relações de poder entre os sujeitos monitores inclusivos e os monitorados.
“Questão social” e pauperismo no Brasil em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Da Silva Santos Milena , Amaro Augusto de Carvalho Liana
Published: May 2024

Este texto tem como objetivo debater o agravamento da “questão social”[1] no Brasil, por meio do aprofundamento do pauperismo no período da pandemia de Covid-19. Para tanto, respalda-se numa metodologia de análise bibliográfica e documental, com base no método do materialismo histórico-dialético[2]. Apresenta uma análise sobre os fundamentos sociomateriais da “questão social”, evidenciando o seu processo originário a partir da Lei Geral da Acumulação Capitalista. Problematiza a crise atual do capital, enquanto uma crise estrutural evidencia os limites absolutos do sistema. Ademais, conclui-se que o contexto pandêmico da Covid-19 traz consequências para a classe trabalhadora que ressaltam a combinação entre o pauperismo relativo e o absoluto na realidade brasileira. Indica, portanto, que as problemáticas elencadas apenas podem ter algum viés resolutivo quando se tiver como horizonte uma alternativa ao atual sistema socioeconômico que desconsidere o capital como o seu sustentáculo.
 
[1] A expressão “questão social” se refere a um complexo social derivado da relação contraditória entre o capital e o trabalho no momento da produção capitalista. A expressão tem origem liberal e surgiu pela primeira vez em um jornal legitimista francês chamado La Quotidienne, em 1831. O periódico relacionou a referida expressão ao crescente pauperismo no período da industrialização capitalista. Utilizamos as aspas para fazer referência a essa tergiversação conservadora liberal (NETTO, 2011), embora a análise paute-se numa perspectiva histórico-crítica e dialética do fenômeno abordado.
[2] A pesquisa que resultou neste artigo foi realizada a partir da perspectiva do método crítico-dialético e teve como procedimentos metodológicos as pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, pela utilização de textos clássicos e contemporâneos, bem como de documentos sob a forma de relatórios e legislações pertinentes à temática estudada. Para reproduzir as principais contribuições desse material acerca do tema perscrutado, utilizou-se a técnica de leitura e fichamento dos textos referenciados (ver lista) selecionados a partir dos termos “questão social”, pauperismo e Covid-19. Outrossim, utilizamos como dados de realidade aqueles de fontes secundárias, disponíveis em meio eletrônico.
As interfaces da questão social expressas nas lutas pelo direito à cidade
Authors: Editorial Comissão
Published: May 2024

O artigo é fruto de pesquisa sobre as interfaces da questão social com a luta pelo direito à cidade, realizada a partir de entrevistas com mulheres residentes em uma ocupação organizada pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto em Porto Alegre (RS). Foi desenvolvida a partir da metodologia de história oral e do referencial teórico marxista, com ênfase para as obras de Henri Lefebvre e José de Souza Martins para produções da área de Fundamentos do Serviço Social. Quanto aos resultados, destaca-se que os processos de exclusão e a pobreza conferem unidade às histórias e às condições de vida das mulheres sem-teto, as quais se entrelaçam com a dimensão coletiva das lutas e dos sonhos em torno da conquista da moradia, como dimensões que mediam a construção de sociabilidades e modos de viver pautados por laços de solidariedade classista, fomentando a organização política dessas mulheres na disputa do espaço urbano e na reivindicação do direito à cidade.
A saúde dos trabalhadores em O Capital
Authors: De Oliveira Souza Diego , Rodrigues de Azevedo Lira Paulo Victor
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo teórico reside em apreender o debate sobre a questão da saúde dos trabalhadores na obra de Karl Marx. O texto tomado para análise do tipo imanente consiste em O Capital, capítulos VIII, XIII e XXIII. Marx abordou a questão da saúde dos trabalhadores a partir da constatação da necessidade inerente ao capital de extrair mais-trabalho, refletida em desgaste, adoecimento e morte. Marx evidenciou a ocorrência destes processos, não se atendo apenas ao processo de produção, mas ao desenvolvimento do modo de produção/reprodução capitalista. Ressalta-se que apenas o estudo da obra marxiana se faz insuficiente para a compreensão das relações contemporâneas; contudo, sem seu estudo, é praticamente impossível avançar no entendimento do modo de produção capitalista, na sua crítica e, sobretudo, na sua transformação. Portanto, compreender a questão da saúde dos trabalhadores atualmente perpassa também pelo estudo da obra de Marx.
Alquimias sonoras na meditação com o grupo artístico Cantos de Gaia
Authors: Martins Janaína Träsel
Published: May 2024

Este artigo compartilha os princípios e os procedimentos compositivos das alquimias sonoras realizadas pelo grupo Cantos de Gaia, na meditação sonora para mulheres. O foco da pesquisa é sobre a vocalidade poética e sonora na composição das cenas que tem como eixo temático os cinco elementos da natureza. A abordagem de composição musical tem como enfoque a ação vocal e a ação sonora enquanto linguagem vibratória. A pesquisa que subjaz é: quais as relações entre som, frequência, corpo e consciência? Através de uma revisão bibliográfica da área do healing sounds e das vivências práticas da jornada sonora, estudamos sobre a meditação e a expansão da consciência, integrando arte e saúde.
Caminhos da Voz
Authors: Souza Mayra Montenegro de
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo se propõe a narrar uma trajetória de formação, pesquisa e atuação na área de voz para o teatro. A atriz/pesquisadora descreve o início de sua carreira artística e como a voz sempre esteve presente como elemento primordial de sua história. Evidencia a importância da técnica vocal e do estudo da musicalidade para criação de partituras corpóreo-vocais. Sobre musicalidade, há o diálogo com a tese de Jacyan Oliveira (2008) e a dissertação de Eleonora Montenegro (2001). O termo corpo vocal é utilizado no artigo conforme tese de Daiane Jacobs (2015). A atriz/pesquisadora discorre também sobre as relações entre corpo vocal, identidade, emoções, questões de gênero e sotaque, com base nas obras de Janaína Martins (2008) e Alexander Lowen (1982) e na sua experiência como docente da Licenciatura em Teatro da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. De maneira sucinta, trata do processo de criação do seu solo “Violetas” a partir da metodologia da Mímesis Corpórea (Hirson, 2012 e Colla, 2006) e a importância desse processo para as suas pesquisas no âmbito da voz. Por fim, nos apresenta sua hipótese para a sua pesquisa de doutorado na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, que inicia no segundo semestre de 2020, esperando que tal pesquisa possa inspirar outras mulheres em seus caminhos da voz.
Editorial / Apresentação
Authors: Lignelli César , Dordete Daiane , Vargens Meran , Mundim Tiago Elias
Published: May 2024

Editorial / Apresentação
por César Lignelli, Daiane Dordete, Meran Vargens e Tiago Mundim
Durante a noite, eis que um clarão toma conta do espaço. Contrastes não são os mesmos, matizes se esvaem, formas se diluem, o aqui e agora num piscar outro se torna e entorta. Somos outros e mesmos e mesmo desconfiados sobre o que, e quem, e até como somos nesse lampejo de percepções a flor da pele... seguem as coisas, ciclos, afetos, vidas, nossa Revista Voz e Cena, com seu segundo número, com cada artigo e cada palavra grafada em meio aos feixes de luz emanados das telas de nossos dispositivos ou das folhas brancas cada vez mais alternativas, às quais direcionamos nosso olhar.
Novo equilíbrio da presença da luz em nossa retina e mesmo exauridas e exauridos da avalanche de intempéries de nosso fatídico 2020, ainda nos restam cintilações que nos incitam à celebrar, pois assim como no primeiro número, aqui estamos em coletivo via professoras e professores atuantes nos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação em Artes Cênicas da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), da Universidade Federal Grande Dourados (UFGD), da Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), da Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), da Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), da Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina (UDESC), da Escola de Arte Dramática (EAD/ECA/USP), da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP) e ainda, fomos recentemente agraciados com a formalização do vínculo da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), via o professor Fernando Aleixo e da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) intermediado pela professora Janaína Martins.
E, para resplandecer nosso número 02 do ano de 2020, contamos com nove artigos e um registro audiovisual que abarcam aspectos metodológicos, conceituais, discursivos, técnicos e estéticos da voz e da música em performance oriundos de pesquisadoras e pesquisadores vinculados a instituições localizadas em quatro das cinco regiões brasileiras, na Itália e na França, com artigos escritos originalmente em português, italiano, francês e inglês.
E assim, com brilho nos olhos, agora em decorrência da emoção, encerramos nossas publicações de 2020.
Palavra Lírica
Authors: Vieira Sulian , Silva Lucas Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: May 2024

Objetiva-se identificar potencialidades comunicativas e determinados desafios que quem atua pode enfrentar na performance de textos teatrais líricos com ênfase na rima, bem como compartilhar as propostas de superação experimentadas. Foram adotados procedimentos de ensaio com três falas-chave de Gota d’água (1975), de Chico Buarque e Paulo Pontes, que permitiram abordar três diferentes formas de rima. Partindo da premissa que tem orientado o grupo de pesquisa Vocalidade & Cena (2003), optou-se por utilizar procedimentos pragmáticos que assumem a palavra em performance como fenômeno que transcende os significados, alçando-se ao ato: abordagem vista como elementar para o tratamento do texto teatral lírico.
БУЛІНГ ЯК ВНУТРІШНЯ МОТИВАЦІЯ ДО САМОСТВЕРДЖЕННЯ: ПРИЧИНИ ТА НАСЛІДКИ (ЗА ПОВІСТЮ Ю. ЧЕРНІЄНКО «ПОМСТА»)
Authors: Макарова Т. М.
Published: May 2024

У процесі аналізу повісті Ю. Чернієнко «Помста» було схарактеризовано позицію головної героїні крізь призму світогляду її однокласників і визначено причини внутрішньої мотивації Міри до самоствердження. Дослідниця доходить висновку, що основними передумовами виникнення булінгу у класі та чинниками, які посприяли зміні сприйняття дівчини та зумовили такі негативні наслідки, є: презирство до людей, відсутність власної думки, страх, зміна усвідомлення життєвих цінностей, психологічна травма через спробу зґвалтування, втрата довіри з боку дорослих (як рідних, так і вчителів). Також окреслено процес внутрішньої мотивації Міри та визначено етапи його формування та критерії «інакшості». Головна героїня приходить до розуміння того, що тільки принесенням себе в жертву можна взяти верх над слабшими, бо сучасні підлітки по-іншому не зможуть усвідомити своєї вини. Треба триматися гідно, бо слабких сучасний соціум швидко знищує. Саме в цій рисі характеру Міри простежується філософія конкордизму В. Винниченка «бути чесним із самим собою», навіть якщо цей принцип зумовлений страхом боятися бути собою. Згодом усвідомлення «інакшості» стає особистим імунітетом дівчини та виробляє відчуття гордості в тому, що жертва переросла булерів. Отже, самоствердження Міри проявляється в тому, що дівчина не просто усвідомлює наслідки, обмірковує варіанти завершення конфлікту, а й замість злості вирішує остаточно йти до кінця. Та найважливіше – не помста, а здатність бути собою, сприймати свідомо себе таку як є, й довести масі, що саме вона є жертвою, залежною від соціальних настанов, булінгу. Така модель поведінки Міри демонструє новий неочікуваний процес переродження особистості. Сама ж Ю. Чернієнко в образі головної героїні розкриває здатність жертви долати соціальні стереотипи й доводити іншим свою вищість. Тож спроба змінити цей світ, відверто оцінити свою поведінку й у процесі очного змагання розкрити очі на кожного з однокласників і їх керівників, свідчить про те, що сучасна література є дієвим ресурсним методом боротьби з булінгом, завдяки якому вперше описується не сама проблема, а її витоки.
КОМУНІКАТИВНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ АНГЛОМОВНОГО НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ВІДЕОДИСКУРСУ
Authors: Малаховська Я. І.
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена виокремленню комунікативних характеристик англомовного навчального відеодискурсу. Для досягнення мети використовуємо дискурсивний аналіз на основі прагматичного підходу, що дозволяє описати основні характеристики навчальної комунікації. В основі поняття «англомовний навчальний відеодискурс» лежать такі термінів, як «дискурс», «інституційний дискурс» і «навчальний дискурс». Англомовний навчальний відеодискурс належить до інституційного типу дискурсів. Навчальна комунікація втілена у форматі відео. Основними параметрами для аналізу є особливості учасників спілкування, мета комунікації, ситуація спілкування, хронотоп, міна комунікативних ролей. Навчальний відеодискурс передбачає взаємодію між учителем і учнями. Діяльність учителя є інтенційно спрямованою та націлена на формування знань і вмінь із конкретної галузі. Учні піддаються персуазивному впливу на їх розуміння та волю. Ритуалізованість спілкування проявляється через стереотипну модель поведінки, структуру зміни мовленнєвих ходів і клішовані фрази. Міна комунікативних ролей є важливим аспектом навчальної інтеракції, що допомагає структурувати діалогічний дискурс у режимі реального часу. Наявність статусно нерівних учасників у спілкуванні призводить до інструктивного характеру дискурсу, де вчитель імперативно впливає для досягнення спільних цілей. Цьому дискурсу притаманна мультимодальність комунікації, оскільки інтеракція відбувається через поєднання знаків різних семіотичних систем, як вербальних (усне мовлення, записи в зошитах, на дошці, тексти підручників), так і невербальних (жести, міміка, схеми, зображення). Англомовний навчальний відеодискурс визначається як складне соціально зумовлене мультимодальне явище, яке включає сукупність мовленнєвих дій комунікантів у рамках статусно-рольових відносин, що зумовлені метою та завданнями освітнього процесу та конкретною навчальною ситуацією.
АРХЕТИПНІ ОБРАЗИ УКРАЇНЦІВ ЯК МАРКЕРИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТІ В ПОЕМІ МИКОЛИ ТОМЕНКА «ЛЕТІЛИ ДЗВОНИ»
Authors: Томенко О. М.
Published: May 2024

Стаття присвячена розгляду й аналізу обраних розділів книги «Летіли дзвони» Миколи Томенка, що є продовженням наукового дослідження тетралогії «Трудова книжка Матері», розпочатого в попередніх публікаціях. Обсяг поетичної спадщини М. Томенка значний, проте вершиною його творчості стала саме «Трудова книжка Матері», яку поет писав протягом трьох десятиліть. Тетралогія складається із 4-х книг: книги першої – «Трудова книжка Матері», книги другої – «Летіли дзвони», книги третьої – «Трагічні етюди» (Голодомор. Геноцид в Україні (1921–1922, 1932–1933, 1937, 1947, 1949 рр.), книги четвертої – «Як ми любили вас, мамо!» (Поезії. Вірші в прозі. Синівська сповідь Матері, Україні). У статті ми продовжуємо досліджувати розділи поеми «Летіли дзвони», а саме: «В’язка соломи», «Летіли дзвони», «Покара за бездітне». Ці розділи, як і попередньо проаналізовані, розкривають трагічну історію українського народу. Цінність поетичного слова полягає не лише в історично-правдивій фіксації знущань і наруги над українським народом радянською системою, а й в образній метафоричній системі, яку творить автор і яка закарбовується в пам’яті не сухими цифрами й датами, а емоційним, образним відтворенням дійсності. Насправді назвати ті роки під окупацією радянської влади дійсністю чи просто життям важко, це було справжнє пекло. Наголошується, що, як сьогодні фіксують злочини кремля під час повномасштабного вторгнення через обстріли, руйнування, убивства, насильство, катування, фільтрацію, каліцтво, так само Микола Томенко зафіксував і поетично відтворив злочини кремля, які відбувалися 90 років тому. Сьогодні більшість науковців як раз і доходить висновку, що ті злочини, які чинив кремль в Україні у ХХ столітті, залишилися непокараними, як наслідок, кати виросли знову й знову нищать нашу державу. Тому аналіз і вивчення цього твору є надактуальним у цей час.