bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing animal well-being between bile duct ligation models
Authors: Tang Guanglin , Nierath Wiebke-Felicitas , Leitner Emily , Xie Wentao , Revskij Denis , Seume Nico , Zhang Xianbin , Ehlers Luise , Vollmar Brigitte , Zechner Dietmar
Published: July 2024

A prevailing animal model currently used to study severe human diseases like obstructive cholestasis, primary biliary or sclerosing cholangitis, biliary atresia, and acute liver injury is the common bile duct ligation (cBDL). Modifications of this model include ligation of the left hepatic bile duct (pBDL) or ligation of the left bile duct with the corresponding left hepatic artery (pBDL+pAL). Both modifications induce cholestasis only in the left liver lobe. After induction of total or partial cholestasis in mice, the well-being of these animals was evaluated by assessing burrowing behavior, body weight, and a distress score. To compare the pathological features of these animal models, plasma levels of liver enzymes, bile acids, bilirubin, and within the liver tissue, necrosis, fibrosis, inflammation, as well as expression of genes involved in the synthesis or transport of bile acids were assessed. The survival rate of the animals and their well-being was comparable between pBDL+pAL and pBDL. However, surgical intervention by pBDL+pAL caused confluent necrosis and collagen depositions at the edge of necrotic tissue, whereas pBDL caused focal necrosis and fibrosis in between portal areas. Interestingly, pBDL animals had a higher survival rate and their well-being was significantly improved compared to cBDL animals. On day 14 after cBDL liver aspartate, as well as alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate dehydrogenase, bile acids, and bilirubin were significantly elevated, but only glutamate dehydrogenase activity was increased after pBDL. Thus, pBDL may be primarily used to evaluate local features such as inflammation and fibrosis or regulation of genes involved in bile acid synthesis or transport but does not allow to study all systemic features of cholestasis. The pBDL model also has the advantage that fewer mice are needed, because of its high survival rate, and that the well-being of the animals is improved compared to the cBDL animal model.
Natural disaster resilience and the creative arts: A case study from rural Australia
Authors: Mackay Sasha , Ellison Elizabeth , Bennett Wanda
Published: July 2024

Given the increased frequency and severity of extreme climate events such as bushfires, innovative approaches to support community resilience are urgently needed. Amongst the variety of ways that communities and service providers are responding to natural disasters, creative arts interventions represent an inclusive and effective approach to supporting community resilience. Analysing a case study from rural Queensland, Australia, this article delineates the features of arts and creativity that support resilience-building in communities. It identifies three transferrable principles and arts-based processes which may be embedded into future projects to support disaster-affected communities to creatively nurture and articulate resilience.
Ad-hoc activism: Characteristics of administrators of activist groups on social media
Authors: Lev-On Azi
Published: July 2024

What characterizes the administrators (or admins) of social media groups dedicated to social change and protest against institutional injustices? The article analyses the characteristics of such admins using the activism for justice for Roman Zadorov in Israel as a case study. The findings demonstrate a phenomenon of ‘ad-hoc activism’: The background of the admins is heterogeneous, with most having no history of activism before their involvement in the activism for justice for Zadorov. In addition, these admins have negligible involvement other activism causes – they gather ‘ad hoc’ only through justice for Zadorov activism. The socio-demographic and other characteristics of the admins are discussed. Implications regarding the character of contemporary online activism and of the people leading it are discussed.
NOTES ON THE ROSEATE TERN Sterna dougallii BREEDING IN KARIMUNJAWA ISLANDS, JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Susanto Hary , Taufiqurrahman Imam , Aji Tulus Wicaksono Bayu
Published: July 2024

Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii is a rare to uncommon resident and migrant species in Greater Sundas, with only a handful records in Java. On 24 May 2021, a nest containing a single egg of the species was found in Karang Ketel islet, Karimunjawa Islands and constitute the first breeding record of Roseate Tern in the area, filling the breeding information gap of the species in Java for about 80 years since it first reported. Follow up surveys after the findings carried out for three consecutive years from May 2021-June 2023, reveals the species regularly breeding in three locations, i.e., Karang Ketel islet, Karang Kapal islet, and Krakal Besar I. Breeding recorded from May to August, with only small colony of 2-20 birds present.
Koreksi Anemia dengan Terapi Recombinant Human Erythropoietin pada Anak dengan Penyakit Ginjal Kronis
Authors: Savira Savira , Hermawan Kristia , Widjajanto Pudjo Hagung
Published: July 2024

Latar belakang. Anemia merupakan salah satu komplikasi tersering pada penyakit ginjal kronis serta dapat meningkatkan risiko mortalitas hingga 52%. Terapi anemia dengan recombinant human erythropoietin mampu meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dengan sifat dose dependent.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui hubungan dosis terapi recombinant human erythropoietin dengan kadar hemoglobin dan kebutuhan transfusi darah pasien anak dengan anemia pada penyakit ginjal kronis.Metode. Dilakukan studi kohort retrospektif dengan subjek pasien anak usia 2-18 tahun dengan anemia dan penyakit ginjal kronis di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Sardjito periode Januari 2019 - Januari 2023. Sampel diambil secara consecutive sampling. Pengolahan data menggunakan perangkat lunak program pengolah data yang terkomputerisasi. Kurva receiver operating character digunakan untuk menghitung cut-off, kemudian dilakukan analisis bivariat dan analisis multivariat. Hubungan antar variabel dinyatakan dengan risk ratio dan interval kepercayaan 95% dengan tingkat kemaknaan statistik p<0,05.Hasil. Empat belas (23%) dari 61 total sampel yang mendapat dosis optimal sesuai rekomendasi KDIGO. Berdasarkan kurva ROC, didapatkan ambang batas dosis 76 IU/kgBB/minggu untuk mencapai target Hb >10 g/dL. Dosis ?76 IU/kgBB/minggu dapat meningkatkan pencapaian target Hb >10 g/dL dibandingkan dengan dosis yang lebih rendah (RR 2,02; IK95%: 1,19-3,42; p=0,007). Dosis ?76 IU/kgBB/minggu tidak signifikan dalam menurunkan kebutuhan transfusi darah dibandingkan dosis yang lebih rendah (RR 0,3; IK95% 0,08-1,46; p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Dosis recombinant human erythropoietin ?76 IU/kgBB/minggu dapat meningkatkan pencapaian target hemoglobin, tetapi tidak signifikan dalam menurunkan kebutuhan transfusi darah pasien anak anemia dengan penyakit ginjal kronis.
Risiko Mortalitas akibat Bakteri Gram-negatif Penghasil ESBL pada Anak dengan Leukemia Akut
Authors: Armytasari Inggar , Laksanawati Ida Safitri , Supriyadi Eddy
Published: July 2024

Latar Belakang. Infeksi menjadi penyebab utama kematian pada leukemia akut anak, dengan bakteremia sebagai bentuk infeksi yang serius. Organisme penyebab diduga berhubungan dengan kematian. Mengidentifikasi organisme penyebab dengan risiko kematian tertinggi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup anak-anak dengan leukemia akut.Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi organisme penyebab bakteremia sebagai faktor prognostik pada leukemia akut anak dengan bakteremia.Metode. Penelitian ini adalah studi kohort retrospektif. Pasien anak dengan leukemia akut dengan kultur darah positif dari tahun 2021 hingga 2023 diikutsertakan. Karakteristik dasar pasien, hasil kultur darah, dan luaran mortalitas dianalisis dan disajikan sebagai risk ratio (RR) dengan interval kepercayaan 95% (CI) menggunakan analisis multivariat.Hasil. Sebanyak 110 pasien yang dianalisis. Bakteri Gram-negatif, khususnya Escherichia coli penghasil Extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL), menjadi penyebab mayoritas infeksi. Sebagian besar bakteri Gram-positif adalah Staphylococcus hominis yang multi-drug resistant. Faktor prognosis yang terbukti terkait dengan mortalitas adalah infeksi bakteri Gram-negatif penghasil ESBL (RR 3,25; CI 95% 1,94–59,1). Sementara, bakteri Gram-positif tidak terbukti sebagai faktor prognostik.Kesimpulan. Resiko kematian pada anak leukemia akut dengan bakteremia secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada infeksi bakteri Gram-negatif penghasil ESBL.
Obesitas dan Risiko Penyakit Ginjal pada Anak
Authors: Fahlevi Reza , Ulfa Maryam , Hafifah Cut Nurul , Pardede Sudung Oloan , Trihono Partini Pudjiastuti
Published: July 2024

Obesitas pada anak makin meningkat dan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan kesehatan di dunia. Umumnya anak dengan obesitas cenderung akan mengalami obesitas pula pada saat remaja dan dewasa yang menyebabkan peningkatan risiko mortalitas dan morbiditas. Berdasarkan data Badan Kesehatan Dunia (WHO), anak berusia di bawah 5 tahun yang mengalami overweight atau obesitas sebanyak 39 juta anak. Obesitas merupakan suatu kondisi patologis penumpukan energi dalam bentuk lemak. Bersamaan dengan itu, tubuh mengalami berbagai perubahan yang menyebabkan gangguan fungsi organ. Hal tersebut terjadi karena perubahan sistemik pada hemodinamik, metabolik, dan lipotoksisitas. Kondisi ini menyebabkan tubuh anak yang obes mengalami peningkatan kadar stres oksidatif dan faktor inflamasi disertai penurunan kadar antioksidan, yang kemudian berdampak terhadap terjadinya resistensi insulin, disfungsi endotel, serta kerusakan struktur jaringan, dan fungsi organ, salah satunya ginjal. Penyakit ginjal yang banyak ditemukan terkait dengan obesitas pada anak, di antaranya adalah: hipertensi, glomerulopati, tubulopati, batu ginjal, infeksi saluran kemih, keganasan, hingga penyakit ginjal stadium akhir, atau gagal ginjal. Tulisan ini membahas obesitas pada anak dan risiko penyakit ginjal yang dapat terjadi. Dengan demikian diharapkan tenaga kesehatan dan pemangku kebijakan dapat menerapkan upaya pencegahan obesitas sedini mungkin, sebelum menimbulkan komplikasi yang mengenai berbagai organ tubuh, termasuk ginjal.
Court Closures
Authors: Newman Daniel , Dehaghani Roxanna
Published: July 2024

England and Wales have seen court modernization programmes since 2010, which have led to nearly half of all courts closing. There has been a disproportionate impact on Wales, which has seen higher rates of court closures in comparison to England. This article explores the implications of these court closures by focusing on experiences in south Wales. The article draws on interviews with solicitors and barristers working in south Wales to further understand how court closures are impacting the communities that the courts serve and the people that use the courts. The court closures are shown to challenge access to justice, and there emerges a need for more study on the effects of court closures in Wales, and across the jurisdiction.
Keywords: courts; court closures; Wales; austerity; lawyers
From Rope to River
Authors: Kellam Amy
Published: July 2024

This article explores the symbolic aspects of the execution of Captain William Kidd during the Golden Age of Piracy, focusing on the visual messages conveyed. Examining the social-cultural milieu of the gallows in England circa 1700, it reveals the unique aspects of Kidd’s execution and its implications for colonial dynamics and trade governance. By delving into the intended audiences and multifaceted messages behind these executions, the article sheds light on the intertwined dynamics of piracy, colonialism, and trade governance and their impact on the evolving global order.
Keywords: law of piracy; Captain William Kidd; early eighteenth century; public executions; Admiralty Sessions; gibbeting.
Rights of the Child or Parental Authority in Children’s Medical Treatment Cases?
Authors: Bridgeman Jo
Published: July 2024

Recent cases concerned with the future medical treatment of a child with a life-limiting condition have presented, on appeal, the argument that the threshold for intervention in a parental decision about the child’s medical treatment should be significant harm rather than best interests. The basis of the claim is that parents know their child best and, consequently, should have the right or authority to make decisions about their child’s future. Although unsuccessful before the courts, these legal arguments have inspired the inclusion of provisions in Bills before Parliament aimed at enhancing parental authority in such cases. This article examines this modern reincarnation of the claim to parental authority, in the context of the medical treatment of a seriously ill child. It argues that reform of the law to re-assert parental authority would be a seriously retrograde development—a contemporary conservative reformulation of the child as object—which would significantly erode the rights of the child. Rather, it is argued that the child should be at the centre of the shared care of parents and professionals focused upon the individual child’s needs, interests and rights. This article concludes with a fictional account of an attempt to reform the law to place the interests, rights and voice of the child at the centre of determination of their future medical treatment.
Keywords: children’s interests, rights and voice; parental authority; children’s medical treatment; best interests or significant harm threshold.
Safeguarding? Critiquing Gender-Critical Discourse around Gender Diversity at School
Authors: Bower-Brown Susie
Published: July 2024

More and more young people are identifying their gender in different ways, and gender diversity at school has become an increasingly debated topic. Within the United Kingdom (UK), sociopolitical discourse has become progressively fractured, with the UK Government recently releasing controversial draft non-statutory guidance prohibiting social transitioning, or the changing of names, pronouns and/or appearance amongst gender-diverse individuals at school. One term which has been increasingly utilized in this discourse is “safeguarding”, a term which refers to the practice of promoting child welfare and protecting children from harm. Safeguarding is a key consideration when discussing gender inclusion at school. However, harmful and discriminatory policies, such as “outing” gender-questioning children to their parents, are now being mislabelled as safeguarding practices. This article will argue that the concept of safeguarding, and wider discourses around child vulnerability, are being misappropriated in order to justify anti-trans policies. This article will explore the current UK discourse around gender-diverse children at school, demonstrating that gender-diverse youth are perceived as both vulnerable to “gender ideology” and a threat to others at school, a social positioning that serves to restrict their rights and agency. This article will discuss the ways in which the term safeguarding is being weaponized against gender-diverse children, before reviewing the social scientific research on risk and protective factors for gender-diverse youth, to understand what safeguarding gender-diverse children actually means.
Keywords: gender diversity; trans; school; cisgenderism; safeguarding; childhood.
Which Children Have Rights? The Child’s Right to Bodily Integrity and Protection Gaps for Children with Intersex Traits under International and National Laws
Authors: DeLaet Debra L , Earp Brian D , Mills Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

This article examines protection gaps for children with intersex traits under international and national laws governing non-voluntary medicalized interventions into sexual anatomy. Various United Nations (UN) bodies, including the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, human rights treaty-monitoring bodies and the Human Rights Council, have called for full acknowledgment and substantive protection of the rights of children with intersex variations—as with all children—to bodily integrity and (future) bodily autonomy in relation to their own sexed embodiment. However, these global norms generally have not been codified under international law, and most countries have not passed adequate, or any, legislation to secure these rights. We review relevant global norms, international human rights treaties and legislative developments in a range of countries to illustrate potential pathways for closing legal gaps in the protection of all children’s rights to bodily integrity and (future) bodily and sexual autonomy.
Keywords: bodily integrity; children’s rights; gender binary; non-voluntary medical interventions; human rights; intersex.
Poetry for Rights! Intergenerational Co-creation for Child Rights Scholarship
Authors: Hope Kristen , Bhatt Dhruv , Jamarkatel Januka , King Brian , Niroula Osish , Jamarkatel Jeshis , Thacker Siroun , Rijal Amrit , Bhattarai Purnima , Sarder Rodoshee , Dahal Samikshya , Singh Prathit
Published: July 2024

This article presents the work of a group of child rights activists including children, young people and a supporting adult, who creatively convey their thoughts and feelings about the most pressing contemporary issues in the field of children’s rights and explore implications for intergenerational co-authorship in the child rights space. The children and young people decided to use poetry as a form of communication to express themselves about the challenges and aspirations of being child rights activists in an era of polycrisis, and they then worked together to analyse the poems, identifying cross-cutting themes around mental health, navigating power relationships and demands for a more inclusive, equitable future. The text of the article contains links to online video recordings of the authors performing their poetry, inviting readers to immerse themselves in a multi-sensory experience of child-led, child rights scholarship. Accordingly, the article presents an exploration of imaginative, interactive and intergenerational scholarship on children’s rights and suggests that co-creation with children may provide a way of upholding children’s rights while making space for new epistemologies that challenge Eurocentric, adultist norms of knowledge production in the child rights space.
Keywords: child rights; child participation; arts-based methods.
Equations of Motion of Mechanical Systems with Switchable Constraints
Authors: Kovanda Jan , Hozman Jiří
Published: July 2024

The article deals with a numerical and analytical approach to solving the equations of motion, which enables to treat the considered problems with the change of system structure or number of degrees of freedom without interrupting the numerical integration process. The described methodology allows effectively incorporate switchable constraints in the systems in accordance with their flexible structures. The crucial idea is based on the formulation of the resulting differentialalgebraic equations into a saddle point system, where the switchable constraints are represented by a sign matrix with variable rank. In connection with this property, a pseudoinversion is applied to eliminate algebraic variables and transform the problem to the first order system of ordinary differential equations. Moreover, the time independent case leads to linear autonomous systems with non-diagonalizable matrices, as is proved. The relevant numerical scheme is based on Runge-Kutta methods, that correspond to the power series of the resulting matrix exponential for time independent problems. The methodology presented is illustrated on the idealized two-mass oscillator with a switchable constraint. The numerical experiments performed range from initial stages, through simple transient cases to damped intentional control. The advanced applications can be found in robotics, active and controlled systems, and in the simulations of complex systems in biology and related areas. Moreover, the methodology can also be applied in the simulation of transport systems, especially in relation to vehicle technology, a quarter car suspension system, a vibration control mechanism, a torsion system with a clutch, and machine balancing and storage should to be highlighted.
Stakeholder-engaged research: a multidisciplinary historical analysis
Authors: Chung Jah Ying
Published: July 2024

The involvement of stakeholders in research – from design, production and communication to use – is recognised as essential to producing impactful research. However, approaches to involving stakeholders in research vary greatly between different fields. This article conducts a multidisciplinary historical analysis of stakeholder-engaged research to offer an integrated perspective on engagement practices across disciplines. It identifies common influences, objectives, trends and challenges, proposing frameworks to support interdisciplinary analysis and understanding. The analysis identifies interconnected approaches that could benefit from mutual learning and exchange. Approaches emerging from sociopolitical movements orient around objectives of empowerment and emancipation, those responding to complexity tend to focus on producing better research that solves societal problems, while accountability-driven approaches centre on research use and impact. This article broadens the diversity of approaches and epistemologies discussed in the literature by including disciplines neglected in previous reviews. Building on the widely cited three-generations model, it proposes a configuration- and complexity-based framework for comparing stakeholder-engaged research approaches, moving beyond the chronological conception of stakeholder-engaged research development. This multidisciplinary historical analysis provides a valuable resource for scholars and practitioners to understand the range of possible approaches to stakeholder engagement, facilitating approach selection for specific use cases and contexts, as well as opportunities for interdisciplinary learning and collaboration.
Development and Validation of the Korean Patient Safety Culture Survey Instrument for Hospitals
Authors: Lee Sun-Gyo
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a survey instrument to assess the Patient Safety Culture in Korean hospitals and evaluate its validity and reliability.Methods: A preliminary instrument was developed through a literature review, focus group interviews, content validity testing, and pretesting for face validity. A total of 467 hospital employees participated in the psychometric testing. Validity and reliability assessments included content validity, construct validity, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency.Results: The Korean Patient Safety Culture Survey Instrument comprised 35 items across seven factors: leadership, patient safety policy and procedure, patient safety improvement system, teamwork, non-punitive environment, patient safety knowledge and attitudes, and patient safety priority. These seven factors contributed 60.98% of the variance of the total scale. Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency was .93; the seven factors ranged from .66 to .91.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Korean Patient Safety Culture Survey Instrument is reliable, valid, and suitable for measuring patient safety culture in Korean hospitals.
Medical Quality Improvement Activity in the Medical Crisis
Authors: Sohn Chong-Il
Published: July 2024

Quality improvement activities are especially important in middle to small-sized hospitals as well as in large hospitals. Hospital accreditation would play a crucial role in the re-establishment of the healthcare delivery system, which is now nearly collapsed in Korea. To achieve all these goals, it is also important to educate prospective medical personnel at college on the concepts of quality improvement and patient safety.
An Association between MPO-463 G/A Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ergen Arzu , Karagedik H. , Karaali Z. E. , Isbir T.
Published: July 2024

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme which is a member of the haem-peroxidase superfamily and plays a role in production of reactive oxygen species. The most common polymorphism in the promoter region of MPO gene is -463 G/A. It was shown that carrying the GG genotype means increased activity of the gene approximately 2–3-fold compared to GA and AA genotypes. It was found that hyperglycaemia, modified oxidized proteins and increased advanced glycosylated end products (AGE) are related to oxidative stress in diabetes. Under the hyperglycaemic conditions, production of reactive oxygen radical is elevated in smooth muscle endothelial cells, mesengial and tubular endothelial cells. Especially, elevated lipid oxidation plays an important role in pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as cardiovascular complications. We examined the MPO -463 G/A polymorphism by using the PCR-RFLP method in 145 type 2 diabetic patients and 151 healthy controls. We observed that the AA genotype and A allele were protective variants against type 2 diabetes and the GG genotype was a risk factor for diabetes. While we studied the relationship between genotypes and biochemical parameters, we found that patients with the A allele had decreased serum cholesterol, triglyceride, VLDL levels and body mass index. We suggest that the MPO gene has an important role in pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes because of the increased frequency of GG genotype, which is related to increased activity and oxidant capacity of MPO in the patients.
AI and the BoLC: Streamlining legal translation
Authors: Giampieri Patrizia
Published: July 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied in the legal field has gained considerable ground in the recent years and is used in many fields, amongst which the legal one is of no exception. This paper wishes to explore the quality of the translation (from English into Italian) of an arbitration clause performed by the ChatGPT chatbot. To do so, the automatically generated target text is post-edited by consulting the BoLC (Bononia Legal Corpus) and the web as corpus in the gov.it Italian governmental domain. General and legal dictionaries are also used. The paper findings report some inaccuracies at word level which are easily tackled by corpus consultation. In view of the results obtained, however, complete reliance upon AI-driven solutions is not recommendable at the time being. Conversely, the use of ad hoc corpora and of targeted web searches are the most feasible and reliable solutions, although time-consuming.
The Treuhand and the Treuhanderschaft from the perspective of the specialised combined parallel-comparable corpus
Authors: Gvelesiani Irina
Published: July 2024

Corpora-based analysis has become one of the major methodologies used in linguistics. However, it has not been widely applied in legalese studies. The paper makes an attempt to discuss the usefulness of the specialized combined parallel-comparable corpus while dealing with the legal language. The effectiveness is presented on the example of the Treuhand and the Treuhänderschaft. The research is based on the comparative analysis as well as the corpus-based analysis of the terms related to the Treuhand and the Treuhänderschaft presented in two varieties of German: Standard German spoken in Germany and Liechtenstein’s German. The corpus-based analysis reveals the juridical-semantic differences and the problematics of the verbal realization of the concepts. These hinder a proper interpretation and complicate the process of translation. The major solution is found through the specification of meaning by renaming. This solution may acquire the greatest importance in today’s world, because the process of globalization widens the area of utilization of the Treuhand and the Treuhänderschaft and any obscurity or incomprehensibility can cause problems during cross-national linguistic and juridical activities.
Testing the hypothesis of “translation as a catalyst for plain legislation” on the syntactic level: a comparison of different varieties of legislative Italian
Authors: Canavese Paolo , Mori Laura
Published: July 2024

Translation is often considered as an ally of plain legal language. This corpus-based study sets out to provide empirical support for this hypothesis by comparing different varieties of legislative Italian used in a monolingual context (Italy) and in two multilingual settings (Switzerland and the European Union). The investigation relies primarily on a quantitative analysis of syntax informed by natural language processing (NLP) methods. The results suggest that translated legislation features shorter sentences, fewer nominalizations, an underuse of the passive voice, fewer non-finite clauses, less deep syntactic trees, shorter dependency links, and a preference for the SVO order with an explicit subject. Among the two multilingual contexts, Swiss legislation shows a slightly higher level of accessibility compared to EU directives. A complementary analysis using readability metrics confirms these trends. Nevertheless, in addition to the translation process in multilingual contexts, other latent external variables may have a (hardly quantifiable) impact on the level of accessibility, such as institutional language policies, legal traditions, drafting guidelines, and training programs for translators and language experts.
Konglomerat polityk kultury - nowy paradygmat dla zarządzania publicznego
Authors: Obłąkowska Katarzyna Agnieszka
Published: July 2024

Artykuł prezentuje konglomerat polityk kultury jako jeden z kluczowych konglomeratów polityk sektorowych dla współczesnego państwa. Jest to propozycja autorska oparta o wieloletnie badania autorki związane z polityką kulturalną. W ramach tego konglomeratu umieszczono dziewięć polityk sektorowych: polityka budowania narodu, polityka mecenatu sztuki, polityka edukacji artystycznej i kulturalnej, polityka dziedzictwa kulturowego, polityka prawa kultury, polityka przemysłów kultury i kreatywnych, polityka turystyki kulturowej, polityka kapitału społecznego, polityka dyplomacji kulturalnej. W artykule scharakteryzowano te polityki oraz zaproponowany model. Ponadto przybliżono kwestię definicji kultury, polityki publicznej, dóbr kultury i kreatywnych. Znalazły się tu także krótkie charakterystyki kluczowych pojęć, takich jak sztuka, kicz, mecenat, dziedzictwo kulturowe, przemysły kultury i kreatywne, turystyka kulturowa, czy dyplomacja kulturalna. Zarysowano także autorską koncepcję konglomeratowego modelu polityki publicznej państwa z punktu widzenia zarządzania publicznego jako obejmującego sześć konglomeratów polityk sektorowych tj. polityki gospodarcze, polityki społeczne, polityki bezpieczeństwa, polityki środowiska, polityki zagraniczne, polityki kultury oraz politykę fiskalną i politykę monetarną.
Serendipität und Open Data. Richtlinien für die Implementierung von Empfehlungssystemen auf Entdeckungsplattformen
Authors: Bertino Andrea
Published: July 2024

Die ständig wachsende Zahl wissenschaftlicher Publikationen zwingt Forschende dazu, viel Zeit zu investieren, um die für ihre akademische Arbeit relevanten Ressourcen zu finden. Unterstützung bieten hier Entdeckungsplattformen (discovery platforms), die Forschungsdaten, Publikationen und andere Forschungsressourcen aggregieren und deren Auffindbarkeit durch sogenannte recommender systems (RS) unterstützen. Der Einsatz solcher Technologien kann jedoch zu gewissen Verzerrungen bei der Selektion der für die Forschung nützlichen Ressourcen führen und sich auf die Auswahl der zu bearbeitenden Themen, die verwendeten Argumente und letztlich auf das Innovationspotenzial der Forschung auswirken. Diese Auswirkungen sind noch nicht hinreichend geklärt und es fehlt an Empfehlungen und Best Practices für die Entwicklung von RS für wissenschaftliche Entdeckungsplattformen. In diesem Beitrag werden Richtlinien für die Anwendung von RS in Discovery-Plattformen für die Forschung formuliert, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine mögliche Anwendung im Open Data Navigator, eine Discovery Plattform für Open Data, die im Rahmen des Schweizer Connectome-Projekts entwickelt wird. Als Prüfstein für die Nützbarkeit von RS wird das Konzept der Serendipität vorgeschlagen – das Phänomen, unerwartete, aber dennoch wertvolle Entdeckungen zu machen. Die empfohlenen Richtlinien zielen darauf ab, die Möglichkeit der Erfahrung von Serendipität in einer virtuellen Umgebung als eine der Voraussetzungen für innovative Forschung zu sichern.
The Penalties for the Violation of Separation: A Comparison between the United States and France
Authors: Weil Patrick
Published: July 2024

How do the United States and France guarantee that their proclamations of non-establishment and separation are respected? These two countries employ different types of tools to preserve and protect separation, directly rooted in the contexts from which they differently emerged – the writing of the Constitution in the U.S. and the 1905 law of separation in France: fiscal or financial in the United States, penal in France. This article analyses in detail how these various tools have emerged and developed throughout the 20th century. Since the 1980s, increasing political and judicial struggles raised by the development of new minority faiths (namely Islam) in France and Christian fundamentalism in the U.S. have caused a\ quasi-abandonment of the tools protecting separation that has contributed to regressions, back to the regimes the framers of the Constitution in the United States and authors of the law of 1905 in France respectively sought to abandon: the establishment or the state control of religion.
Conservative Christianity, Anti-Vaccination Activism, and the Challenge to Secularism in Singapore
Authors: Goh Daniel P. S.
Published: July 2024

A culture war has been brewing in Singapore since 2009 when a conservative Christian group conducted a reverse takeover of a feminist civil society organization and was subsequently expelled from the organization in a publicized meeting between the two groups. Since then, the state has mediated the contestation of values between religious conservatives and liberal groups allied around issues of gender and sexuality. The culture war between the two sides has revolved around creative protests that have evaded state prohibitions against public contestations over what is legally considered private beliefs and affairs. They involve innovative hybridizations of American discourses on values and rights mixed with Asian emphases on family traditions and sentiments. The COVID-19 pandemic has, however, laid bare the adaptation of the American culture war into the Singaporean public sphere. This article looks at and analyzes COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among conservative Christians in Singapore and their incorporation of anti-vaccination views from American Christian nationalism into secular framings, invoking legal rights and responsibilities aligned with the state’s nationalist discourse. I argue that this represents a new phase of contestation by conservatives, refashioning their religious views into secular frames of public good and morality serving the secular nation. By doing so, they implicitly challenge the state’s regulation of religion as private interests and beliefs. This altered religious activism has shifted the terms of secularism and loosened the hegemony of the state in defining these terms.
Beyond the Liberal/Non-Liberal: Reclaiming Secularism in the Palestinian Society
Authors: Aburabia Rawia
Published: July 2024

In August 2019, the local council of Umm al-Fahem, Israel, cancelled a scheduled performance of the known Palestinian rapper Tamer Nafar, claiming that Nafar’s artistic work did not meet with the town’s accepted religious, moral, and social norms. Subsequently, residents of the town and the Association for Civil Rights in Israel, petitioned the Court against the local council’s interference with Nafar’s freedom of artistic expression. Significantly, Nafar was not among the petitioners. The Court concurred with the petitioners, determining that the local council had no authority to interfere with Nafar’s artistic content, and if there was concern regarding detrimental effects on public peace or security, police security should be provided for the event. Despite this ruling from an Israeli court, Nafar refused to perform in Umm al-Fahm. Instead, he accepted an invitation for dialogue with the conservative non-liberal forces within Umm al-Fahm council, a dialogue that resulted in reconciliation. I argue that Nafar’s decision, as a liberal subject to choose dialogue with non-liberal forces in Palestinian society embodies the conceptual foundations of post-secularism, which extend beyond the binary of liberal/non liberal divisions and binaries and pave the way for internal dialogue between religious and secular actors. It constructs a platform for liberal subjects in Palestinian society to be heard in the public Palestinian sphere, providing social and political alternatives to the violent authority of Israeli law.
On the Paley graph of a quadratic character
Authors: Mináč Ján , Muller Lyle , Nguyen Tung T. , Tân Nguyễn Duy
Published: July 2024

Paley graphs form a nice link between the distribution of quadratic residues and graph theory. These graphs possess remarkable properties which make them useful in several branches of mathematics. Classically, for each prime number p we can construct the corresponding Paley graph using quadratic and non-quadratic residues modulo p. Therefore, Paley graphs are naturally associated with the Legendre symbol at p which is a quadratic Dirichlet character of conductor p. In this article, we introduce the generalized Paley graphs. These are graphs that are associated with a general quadratic Dirichlet character. We will then provide some of their basic properties. In particular, we describe their spectrum explicitly. We then use those generalized Paley graphs to construct some new families of Ramanujan graphs. Finally, using special values of L-functions, we provide an effective upper bound for their Cheeger number. As a by-product of our approach, we settle a question raised in [Cramer et al.: The isoperimetric and Kazhdan constants associated to a Paley graph, Involve 9 (2016), 293–306] about the size of this upper bound.
Fibonacci numbers as mixed concatenations of Fibonacci and Lucas numbers
Authors: Altassan Alaa , Alan Murat
Published: July 2024

Let (Fn)n≥0and (Ln)n≥0be the Fibonacci and Lucas sequences, respectively. In this paper we determine all Fibonacci numbers which are mixed concatenations of a Fibonacci and a Lucas numbers. By mixed concatenations ofaandb, we mean the both concatenationsabandbatogether, whereaandbare any two nonnegative integers. So, the mathematical formulation of this problem leads us searching the solutions of two Diophantine equationsFn= 10dFm+LkandFn= 10dLm+Fkin nonnegative integers (n,m,k), whereddenotes the number of digits ofLkandFk, respectively. We use lower bounds for linear forms in logarithms and reduction method in Diophantine approximation to get the results.
Collaborative experiment of the work group “Sample Preparation” on the subject “Reduction of hazardous substances in metallographic etching using electrolytic etching techniques”
Authors: Schnarr H.
Published: July 2024

This article shows how conventional etching methods can be replaced by electrolytic processes, thereby reducing hazardous substances during etching. The joint experiment carried out on this topic by the “Sample Preparation” working group uses various materials to show how hazardous substances can be reduced, but also the existing limitations.
A környezettudatos gondolkodás és magatartás vizsgálata a Pécsi járásban = The Examination of the Environmentally Conscious Thinking and Behavior in the District of Pécs
Authors: Bodó András ,   HM Zrínyi Nonprofit Kft., Alpek B. Levente ,   University of Pécs, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences
Published: July 2024

Environmentally conscious thinking and the knowledge and attitude of society towards sustainability have a big impact on the practicability of the sustainability of socio-economic processes. The overarching goal of the present research is to analyze the environmental awareness of the Pécs District. The foundation of the primer research was a questionnaire survey. The present study, moreover, is founded on the databases of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. According to the survey, in the dimension of transport, the car is the most popular vehicle to use; in terms of shopping, people have an environmentally conscious attitude; and on average, the subjects reported they were likely to take part in selective waste collection. The results of the present survey contribute to the exploration of the environmentally conscious behavior of the population of a micro-region, therefore are useful for all those who are interested in or support developing environmental consciousness.
„Így írunk mi, geográfusok” – a földrajzos szerzők publikációs trendjei 1990 és 2022 között = “This is How We Geographers Write” Publication Trends of Geographers between 1990 and 2022
Authors: Kovalcsik Tamás ,   University of Szeged, Department of Economic and Human Geography, Mezősi Gábor , Boros Lajos , Szilassi Péter ,   University of Szeged, Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography,   University of Szeged, Department of Economic and Human Geography,   University of Szeged, Department of Geoinformatics, Physical and Environmental Geography
Published: July 2024

There are two main branches of geography at the international level and in Hungary: human and physical geography, but the relationship between these two differs significantly in different regions. Physical geography tends to use the methods adopted and applied in the natural sciences, while human geography is increasingly connected to (other) social sciences. In this study, we examined the scientific publications of authors institutionally belonging to the two branches of geography in Hungary using quantitative methods. Physical geography publications can be characterized by more authors and higher international embeddedness than human geography publications, which only started to change in the last 3–4 years. Moreover, the latter were published in a large proportion in other domestic (social science) journals, which indicates a higher degree of connection with related social sciences.
Autizmus-specifikus rendészeti és közszolgálati intervenciót igénylő vészhelyzetkezelés
Authors: McNeill Brigitta , Bodó László , Tóth-Szerecz Ágnes
Published: July 2024

Az autizmus spektrum zavarral (ASD) élő személyek vészhelyzetkezelésnek több olyan komponense létezik, amely jelenleg kidolgozott protokoll hiányában hazánkban megoldásra vár. A vészhelyzet magában foglalja a sürgősségi betegellátást, a rendvédelmi erők beavatkozását, a kriminalisztika eszköztárát, a katasztrófavédelem speciális felkészültségét, illetve a szociális munka krízisintervenciós tevékenységét is. Jelen tanulmányunkban szeretnénk kiemelni a rendvédelem, illetve a katasztrófavédelem különleges szerepét vészhelyzetek esetén, valamint a preventív tevekénység terén, emellett hangsúlyozzuk az említett szakmák összehangolt gyakorlati képzésének szükségességét. Autizmus spektrum zavar esetén rendkívül nehéz egységes protokollt felállítani, ami az állapot jellegzetességéből adódik, hiszen tünetei a spektrum mentén szórtak. Szakmai ajánlásainkat azonban úgy állítottuk össze, hogy a vészhelyzeteket kezelő szakemberek az autizmus spektrum zavarral érintettek legnagyobb részénél képesek legyenek gyorsan és hatékonyan beavatkozni két speciális területen. A rendészeti és közszolgálati intervenciót igénylő vészhelyzetkezelés e két, részletesebben vizsgált szegmense: a katasztrófavédelem szerepe az eltűnt ASD-személyek keresésében, és a katasztrófa-egészségügy ASD-specifikus feladatai. Célunk a szakterületen dolgozók számára a lehető legalaposabb szakmai ajánlások összefoglalása, amelyeket a mindennapi gyakorlatban hasznosíthatnak.
El desarrollo agrario del Bajío, una visión regional de largo plazo: tendencias y transiciones
Authors: Camargo Bonilla Yeniffer
Published: July 2024

El artículo propone un análisis del espacio abajeño mexicano a partir de su desarrollo y trayectoria agrícola, en función de la historiografía y las investigaciones que han tenido por objeto explicar las características y estructura agraria de la región, desde su consolidación como granero del virreinato de Nueva España hasta los procesos de tecnificación y Revolución verde implementados a mediados del siglo XX, los cuales modificaron su paisaje agrario y la composición de su tejido productivo. Además de explicar los cambios en su base agrícola a largo plazo, el trabajo demuestra la integración regional fomentada por los nodos y agro-ciudades que hacen parte de su geografía económica y han estado sujetos a los mercados, actores y esquemas de organización local y nacional.
Precursores del cemento y del concreto armado en la arquitectura mexicana de los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Madrid Quezada José Fernando , Ortiz San Juan Yearim A.
Published: July 2024

El artículo explora los orígenes remotos del cemento y del concreto armado y su llegada e impacto en la arquitectura mexicana de los siglos XIX y XX. Toma como punto de partida los textos producidos por los precursores e introductores del concreto armado en el país, destacando sus redes científicas y profesionales, así como las obras principales que emprendieron. Se exploran así mismo las condiciones de posibilidad de la aceptación del cemento y el concreto armado durante el porfiriato y los gobiernos posrevolucionarios, culminando con la arquitectura moderna mexicana.
La homodiégesis como recurso para nombrar lo íntimo en 'La llovizna', de Juan de la Cabada
Authors: Blancas-Blancas Noé
Published: July 2024

El relato “La llovizna” (1952), de Juan de la Cabada, lleva al extremo las posibilidades del desdoblamiento de la voz narrativa en la enunciación en primera persona; así como las posibilidades de nombrar lo íntimo a partir de la ficción. El narrador, tras breves reticencias, se propone contar un cuento: un domingo en la noche, en medio de la llovizna, les da “aventón” a unos indios que vienen de enterrar a una niñita; desde entonces, la llovizna le recuerda a su propia hija muerta. Dado que el narrador se desdobla en un yo-narrador y un yo-personaje, su relato deviene metarrelato, al tiempo que, contando lo universal –la muerte de otra niña–, logra contar lo íntimo –la muerte de su hija–. A partir de nociones narratológicas, se analizan aquí las implicaciones del uso de la autodiégesis en la percepción de la ficción misma.
José Lezama Lima: Expedición a las fronteras del mundo conocido
Authors: Lay Yandrey
Published: July 2024

Este artículo se propone revisar el papel de la imaginación literaria (y su investigación) como una vía para acceder a nuevas formas de realidad y nuevos conocimientos. Se toma como caso de estudio al escritor cubano José Lezama Lima quien, en su intento por ampliar y contradecir el causalismo aristotélico, enunció conceptos que el discurso científico solo alcanzaría a desarrollar décadas más tarde a través de las Ciencias de la Complejidad, la Teoría General de Sistemas y la hermenéutica de Paul Ricoeur. La búsqueda bibliográfica y la comparación con teorías científicas correspondientes a la época en que Lezama vivió (o un poco posterior) revelan en el escritor cubano una comprensión de la realidad en muchos casos visionaria con respecto a la ciencia de su tiempo.
Palabras clave: José Lezama Lima, metáfora, mito, no causalidad, epistemología de la ciencia.
Entre palabras y realidades: diálogos entre el compromiso social y la literatura en México y Chile
Authors: Villalobos Macías Guadalupe del Rocío
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro coordinado por Andreas Kurz, Más allá de la torre de marfil. Relaciones entre literatura y sociedad en México y Chile, México, Universidad de Guanajuato, 2022.