bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Estado do conhecimento sobre Movimento Estudantil brasileiro no campo da educação
Authors: Brito Delabona Boutin Aldimara Catarina , Flach Simone De Fátima
Published: October 2022

Este texto apresenta mapeamento acerca da produção acadêmica sobre o Movimento Estudantil brasileiro no campo da Educação. O Estado do conhecimento apresentado, portanto, visa expor o perfil quantitativo e a incidência das pesquisas que tomaram o Movimento Estudantil como objeto de pesquisa. Para tanto, contextualiza-se o Movimento Estudantil brasileiro, tomando por base as pesquisas de autores como Poerner (1979), Mendes Jr. (1982), Fávero (1995), entre outros que se dedicaram aos estudos sobre a participação política dos jovens brasileiros; e analisa-se a produção acadêmica a respeito da temática em tela, de modo a apontar possíveis lacunas e fragilidades nos estudos já realizados. A partir da análise, conclui-se que, em relação ao período ditatorial iniciado em 1964, há predominância de trabalhos sobre sua reconstrução histórica, por meio de narração de fatos e de acontecimentos vivenciados pelos estudantes. Além disso, em relação ao Movimento Estudantil contemporâneo, há tendência na realização de estudos de caso.
Jogos digitais e atenção: um estudo com alunos da educação básica
Authors: Ramos Daniela Karine , Santana Anastácio Bruna , Meurer Jacob Camila , Gomes Silva Guilherme
Published: October 2022

Este trabalho tem objetivo de caracterizar os comportamentos das crianças relacionados à interação com os jogos digitais, incluindo as mediações parentais e a verificação da influência do tempo de acesso sobre o desempenho da atenção. A pesquisa ex-post-facto teve uma abordagem quantitativa com base na aplicação de um questionário e de testes psicológicos, envolvendo 91 alunos com idade média de 11,6 anos. Os resultados revelaram que 96,8% dos participantes jogam e que 47,3% deles jogam de 1 a 2 horas por dia. Em relação à mediação parental, 74,16% dos pais controlam o tempo de acesso. A análise da relação entre a faixa de tempo e o desempenho dos tipos de atenção revelou que as crianças jogam de 1 a 2 horas por dia têm melhor desempenho da atenção concentrada, e aquelas que jogam entre 2 e 6 horas demonstram melhor desempenho da atenção dividida, porém sem revelar uma diferença estatisticamente significativa.
O LUGAR DA QUESTÃO AMBIENTAL E DOS SISTEMAS PRODUTIVOS BIODIVERSOS DE BASE AGROECOLÓGICA NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO CONHECENDO O SEMIÁRIDO
Authors: Bevenuto Valdení Venceslau , Corrêa Marcus Metri , Andrade Luciano Pires de
Published: October 2022

Este estudo tem como finalidade trazer reflexôes acerca do espaço destinado à questão ambiental e aos sistemas produtivos biodiversos de base agroecológica no livro didático Conhecendo o Semiárido. Para tanto, a perspectiva interacionista sociodiscursiva da linguagem, com base nos estudos brankcartianos, e os estudos da Análise Discursiva Ecossistêmica foram utilizados como suporte à análise dos dados. Como resultado dos estudos, foi observado que a questão ambiental e os sistemas produtivos biodiversos de base agroecológica ocupam lugar de destaque no livro analisado, o que contribui para um novo olhar e valorização de novos saberes e práticas que emergem na dinâmica do Semiárido Brasileiro.
La investigación
Authors: Jaramillo Martínez Guillermo Alfonso
Published: October 2022

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PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNIG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAK
Authors: Stemi Maquita  , Evi Tobeli
Published: October 2022

Keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar sangat dibutuhkan, khususnya dalam pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek dalam meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir siswa kelas VII dalam pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survey dan studi dokumentasi. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta yang dipilih secara acak dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil uji korelasi (r) sebesar 0,747 yang berarti terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara penerapan model pembelajaran PjBL dengan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas VII pada pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen. Hasil uji koefisien regresi menunjukkan besarnya pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran PjBL yaitu sebesar 0,927 terhadap peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa kelas VII pada pembelajaran pendidikan Kristen.
Disease knowledge and preferences for disclosure of in- formation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Gonçalves Rafael Pauletti , Simões Maria Carolina Diana , Pereira Renata Viana , Saba Amine Barbella , Novaes Gilberto Santos
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To verify the level of knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the patient’s preferences for disclosure of information by the physician in patients with RA, we compared with a control group of patients without RA. Methods: We evaluated 30 patients diagnosed with RA, according to the ACR criteria, and 30 patients with other diseases pared for age, gender, level of education, and disease duration followed in an Out- Patient Service. Clinical-demographic data as age, gender, level of education, and disease duration were obtained from both groups. We applied questionnaires to evaluate the level of knowledge about RA (10 questions) with answers yes or no, and the patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician (4 questions) in a Likert scale from a) strongly agree to e) strongly disagree to both groups. The questionnaires were validated for Portuguese by the method of translation and re-translation. The Ethical Committee at the Pontifical Catholic University approved the study, and we obtained informed consent from all patients. When appropriated, statistical analysis of the data included the chi-square test and student’s t-test. The significance level was 0.05. Results: Over 30 patients with RA, 27 patients (90%) were women, the mean age was 50.8 years old, with a mean of 3.03 years on school, and mean disease duration of 10.6 years. The knowledge about RA as a mean reached 5.36 points in 10 as a correct answer in RA patients and 5.13 in controls. Concerning the patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician, the results varied between 23.3% and 90% in the answers strongly agree or agree in the group of RA patients and 6.6% to 90% in controls. In a specific question about "patients with RA should not play a role in managing their disease because the physician is the one in charge," 56.6% of RA patients agreed, and 46,6% of controls too. Only one question about patient’s preference for disclosure of information by the physician “When there is more than one way to treat a problem, I should be told about each one” there was a trend to differ between the controls and the RA patients (p=0.06). The analysis of the results showed no statistical difference in answers to the questionnaires between RA patients and controls. Conclusion: Our results showed that RA patients, compared to control patients with other non-rheumatic diseases, do not show differences to the level of knowledge about rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the patient’s preferences for disclosure of information by the physician.
Complex causality and metacomplexity, elements for building university omniknowledge
Authors: Pacheco Omar Ricardo Pericón
Published: October 2022

It was possible to identify that university knowledge is not supported by the epistemic, meta-complex and meta-reflexive subject, university teaching is not really related to the requirements of the environment, problems arise when the student concludes their academic training, there are needs, emergencies and uncertainties and they have to face reality. The general objective of the research was to build the concept of 'university omniknowledge' by linking the elements of complex causality and metacomplexity. The methodology used analytical argumentation, including emergencies, developing complexities, the relevancies considered were: theoretical, methodological, social and transdisciplinary, the method was deductive, explanatory and transdisciplinary, questions, objectives and hypotheses were raised, the research was based on the pragmatism, covered the epistemological and ontological field, exploratory and descriptive studies were carried out, the research design was exploratory transectional and techniques and instruments were used. The research was an original work, obtaining significant information that benefits the individual-society-environment, starting from the educational base, with which it was possible to build university omniknowledge, which is not limiting, specifies useful knowledge, is capable of integrate and allows access to all kinds of knowledge, is practical and is accompanied by experience.
Risk prioritization methodology for decision makers
Authors: Lima Igor Macedo de , Lima Paula Cristina de M. de , Góes Filho Gilson Cassiano de , Nogueira Edison Cesar de Faria , Faustino Bruna Cristina Ramos
Published: October 2022

Changes in regulatory standards, especially NR-01 with the obligation to prepare a Risk Management Program (RMP) has increased pressure on organizations to manage occupational risks. Companies need to establish mechanisms to protect the health and safety of their employees to meet legal obligations and reduce the damage caused to their employees and society. Organizations need to recognize the risks that make up their activities and establish measures to eliminate or reduce the potential damage that these risks can cause , and the proposed methodology seeks to solve this problem.
Twitter social network and its interaction between the educational community and higher education institutions in Ecuador
Authors: Rodríguez José Fernando Mendoza
Published: October 2022

This research work presents an analysis on the interaction of the educational community to the publications made by the institutions of Higher Education in the social network Twitter, five public universities in the country were analyzed, from which 106 data were collected for both retweets and likes in the social network in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019, where a summary of descriptive statistics was established and the average percentage growth rate (TCPP) was determined. The research design was established as non-experimental, field and with a longitudinal descriptive level, where it was obtained as a result that the Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral predominates the interaction with its community through a TCPP of 71, 76% and 116.63% for retweets and likes respectively.
Virtual forums as motivational tools to build meaningful learning in times of COVID 19
Authors: Caballero Ciro Rocky Melendez , Flores Edward
Published: October 2022

The development of the virtual forum in remote education in rural areas of the district of Abancay, Apurimac region, during the COVID 19 health emergency has been presented as an opportunity for students to increase not only the cultural and cognitive level, but to mobilize competencies and capabilities characterized by being timely, reflective and self-regulated. Therefore, the objective is to demonstrate the influence of the use of the virtual forum in the construction of meaningful learning The research design in the present article corresponds to descriptive research, is simple correlational and transversal. The results show that the virtual forum as a motivational tool is motivating in 53.6%, promotes interaction in 51.8% and promotes self-learning in 42.9%, while significant learning does develop communicative capacities and competences. The conclusions determine that the virtual forum stimulates communicative skills and abilities, strengthens autonomy and self-regulation skills, allows feedback and promotes cooperative work and interaction between students and teachers.
Integrative Passive Design for Climate Change: A New Approach for Tropical House Design in the 21st Century
Authors: Tantasavasdi Chalermwat , Chenvidyakarn Torwong , Pichaisak Maniporn
Published: October 2022

This article presents a new approach to passive building design which takes intoaccount the impacts of climate change. The approach involves considering the relative performance of a range of low-energy, passive design alternatives under a projected future climate. A low-cost housing project in the hot-humid tropics of Thailand is used herein todemonstrate the application of this new design approach. Theoretical analysis is carried out and shows that if the potential changes in the ambient temperature, solar radiation and humidity driven by climate change are taken into account, a combination of a number of passive design techniques, including passive cooling, is likely to be required to achieve interior thermal comfort and energy efficiency in these houses. To eliminate the requirementfor air-conditioning, the houses should be laid out in a staggered fashion on the plot tomaximize airflows between the houses. Each house would also benefit from having its service areas (e.g. kitchen and bathroom) located on the west side to act as a thermal buffer for its main spaces (e.g. bedroom and living room). A combination of a double roof and shaded double façades would also be advisable to provide effective protection from strong solar radiation. The use of thermal mass in conjunction with passive evaporative cooling and natural ventilation would help further to provide the cooling needed in more extreme weather. The analysis shows that, with all the above techniques in place, up toa 95 per cent reduction in energy use for cooling could be achieved in the passive house, compared to the energy used in a typical air-conditioned house operating in the same conditions, while achieving a comparable level of comfort. A discussion on how to generalizethis new design approach to houses in different settings is provided.
O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY MAJLISI QONUNCHILIK PALATASINING MILLIY XAVFSIZLIKNI TA’MINLASH BO‘YICHA VAZIFALARINING O‘ZIGA XOS JIHATLARI
Authors: Xoliqov Sarvar
Published: October 2022

Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Oliy Majlisi ish faoliyatini pandemiya sharoitiga moslashtirib, axborot texnologiyalari imkoniyatlarini samarali qo‘llagan holda qonunchilik hujjatlarini qabul qilish va ularning ijrosini nazorat qilish bilan bog‘liq faoliyati xususida fikr yuritilgan. Shuningdek, Oliy Majlis Qonunchilik palatasi Mudofaa va xavfsizlik masalalari qo‘mitasining faoliyatining axborot-tahliliy jihatidan ta’minlash mexanizmi shakllantirilganligi hamda Qonunchilik hokimiyati organi faoliyatini yanada ochiqligini ta’minlash, deputatlar korpusi tomonidan amalga oshirilib kelinayotgan ishlarni keng jamoatchilikka yetkazib borish, deputatlar va saylovchilar o‘rtasidagi qayta aloqani yanada rivojlantirish zaruriyati tahlil etilgan.
Impact of Digitalization on Legal Communication: Introduction
Authors: Patrizia Anesa  , Louise Kulbicki
Published: October 2022

Digitalization is one of the most dynamic global trends in the 21st century. The penetration of digitalization into modern society has contributed to the generation of new discourse practices, which, in turn can affect (specialized) communication profoundly. The impact of digital technologies is visible in all areas of human activity and across interactional processes, with the creation of new communicative spaces.
What Does "Dignity" Mean? Different Meanings in a Jurisprudential Analysis from a Distant Reading
Authors: Helga María Lell
Published: October 2022

This paper analyses the use of the signifier "dignity" (and others related) in the judgments of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of the year 2018 in order to detect and show different meanings. To do so, two ways of approaching are used: a distant reading tool (Voyant Tools) that will let characterize the corpus and a database and an app created by a research team that facilitate the graphical visualization and the systematization of literal formulas. The aim is to show how a distant reading and informatics resources may let us to have a quick image of a large number of texts and pages before deciding a deep read. The paper describes: 1) the corpus and the criteria to select documents and the analysis methodology; 2) the description of the corpus according to the distant reading made by Voyant Tools; 3) the uses of the term “dignity” and related 4) frequent formulas that show in context how “dignity” (and related terms) is used. Finally, we discuss the utility of a distant reading for doing research with a large corpus.
SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF TOBACCO CATERPILLAR, Spodoptera litura IN BLACKGRAM, Vigna mungo (Linn.) DURING Rabi 2021 AND ITS CORRELATION WITH WEATHER PARAMETERS
Authors: VENKATESH G. , SENTHILKUMAR M.
Published: October 2022

Field experiments were carried out to study the incidence of S.litura in blackgram during Rabi 2021 at Department of Entomology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar. Highest larval incidence of S.litura on blackgram were noticed on 10th standard meteorological week (SMW) (3.91 larvae/mrl) followed by 9th SMW (3.87 larvae/mrl) and 8th SMW (2.85 larvae/mrl) and 7th SMW (1.72 larvae/mrl). Correlation between weather parameters on larval incidence of S.litura revealed that maximum temperature (0.547), minimum temperature (0.580) showed significantly positive association with mean larvae population of S.litura, whereas morning relative humidity (-0.175), evening relative humidity (-0.198) and rainfall (-0.389) were negatively correlated with mean larval population of S.litura. Regression model indicated that increase in 10C of maximum temperature or 10C of minimum temperature, 1% morning RH, 1% evening RH increased the mean larval population of S.litura by 0.045, 0.794, 0.0893 and 0.002 larvae/mrl during Rabi 2021 respectively.
ASSESSMENT OF PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF Clerodendrum colebrookianum AND ITS EFFECT ON THE BLOOD COAGULATION CASCADE
Authors: SARMAH PUJA
Published: October 2022

Clerodendrum colebrookianum is a highly medicinal plant. Plant protease is one of the main components of analyzing the anticoagulant property of the plant. From the gelatin-agar plate, the technique confirms the presence of protease activity in Clerodendrum colebrookianum. Enzymatic activity and specific enzyme activity of the aqueous extract were determined using the caseinolytic method. It was seen that the enzyme activity (U) of Clerodendrum colebrookianum is 0.99±0.004 µmol of tyrosine released/ml/min. For the aqueous leaf extract of Clerodendrum colebrookianum the Clotting Time (CT), Prothrombin Time (PTT) and activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) was determined and it was found that the plasma recalcification time increases the normal clotting time significantly at the dose of 1µG but not significant at dose 5 µg. The prothrombin time of the crude aqueous extracts of CC was observed to increase the prothrombin time significantly at the dose of 1µG. The activated partial thromboplastin time was seen to be insignificant in Clerodendrum colebrookianum. Even though Clerodendrum colebrookianum may act as a significant anticoagulant in the common and extrinsic pathways; on the intrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade it may not have any effect.
PREVALENCE, RISK FACTORS AND MANAGEMENT OF PARALYTIC ILEUS AMONG PATIENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: ALGHAMDI AYMAN GHURMULLAH SALEH , ALDOSARI OMAR MUHAMMED , ALYAHYA SAEED ALI SAEED , ALASMREE ABDULRAHMAN DULAYM A. , ALQAHTANI MUAMMED SAEED , ALFARWAN SAAD ALI , ALQAHTANI HISHAM AHMED ALI
Published: October 2022

Introduction: When the bowel's motor activity is compromised, a condition known as paralytic ileus occurs. This condition is typically unrelated to a mechanical issue. Despite the possibility of self-limitation, the condition is dangerous and, if left untreated for a long period of time, will cause mortality in a manner similar to acute mechanical obstruction. Knowing the most likely etiology and the likelihood that the condition can be managed without surgery are key factors in paralytic ileus management.

Methodology: PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Cochrane library were searched. Study articles were screened by title and abstract using Rayyan QCRI then a full-text assessment was implemented.

Results: A total of 5 studies with both sex and random age patients diagnosed with paralytic ileus were included in this review; more than half were males.

Conclusion: There is a lack of literature on paralytic ileus prevalence and risk factors among saudi patients. One of the obstacles to improving the fight against POI is the lack of consensus on its definition, making the literature non comparable. While the majority of measures aim more at the prevention of POI than its treatment, it is logical to think that, just as with gum chewing, patient “prehabilitation” could improve the effectiveness of prevention.
العدالة الجزائية ودورها في انفاذ القوانين المالية
Authors: احمد خلف حسين الدخيل
Published: October 2022

يسلط هذا البحث الضوء على صورة مهمة من صور العدالة الوظيفية الا وهي العدالة الجزائية بما فيها من جانب موضوعي وجانب اجرائي وبما يتخللها من بعدين مادي ومعنوي في الوقت ذاته كونها تمثل اتباع سياسة تجريم وعقاب عادلة من منظور المخاطبين بالقانون معززة بإجراءات مقنعة بضرورة الامثال لها ، فضلاً عن العوامل المؤثرة في ادراكها من تضخم لسياسات التجريم ومدى ضرورة الجزاء ومدى التوافق بين الانظمة العقابية وبين المعايير النفسية والاجتماعية والتداخل مع أنواع العدالة الأخرى ، ناهيك عن ميكانيزم الدعوى الجزائية وسرعة الاجراءات وسهولتها ومدى توافر العدالة الإصلاحية ، والنتائج الايجابية المترتبة على تحققها او السلبية المترتبة على غيابها فيما يتعلق بإنفاذ القوانين المالية ، مما يفرض على المشرع الحرص على ادراكها بكافة الوسائل ومنها ترشيق سياسات التجريم والعقاب وتسهيل وتسريع اجراءات المحاكمة عبر انشاء قضاء مالي متخصص.
الكلمات المفتاحية :ـ العدالة الجزائية ، القوانين المالية ، انفاذ ، الدعوى الجزائية ، سياسة التجريم
الحكم القضائي مصدر ا اللتزام الجديد “ قراءة في نظرية الدكتور سمير تناغو” Ju
Authors: البدري أ.د.علي شاكر عبد القادر
Published: October 2022

إن مصادر اإللتزام المعروفة خمسة ، وهذا ما استقر عليه الفقه منذ مدة طويلة، وللدكتور سمير تناغو رأي بإضافة مصادر أخرى منها الحكم القضائي، ويدعم رأيه باسانيد وأدلة وبراهين، وسنناقش فكرته من حيث وجود المصدر السادس لإللتزام محاولين الغوص في أطروحته، لنستخلص منها تثبيت األطروحة ً لإللتزام، أم أن الحكم القضائي هو تطبيق القضاء أو عدمها ـ وهل بإمكان الحكم القضائي أن يعد مصدرالمصادر اإللتزام الخمسة المعروفة .
A Study of Citizen Satisfaction with the Spirit of Innovation and Work Validity of Basic Government Personnel in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Ali Madad
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to study the government personnel and citizen relationship with innovation spirit and their impact on citizen satisfaction. Descriptive statistical analysis is used in this research for a random sampling method with a 2000 population sample from Shandong province, China. The results obtained from descriptive analysis and correlation studies showed significant outcomes and positive relationships among citizens due to policy implementation by government personnel. The effects of this paper offer the value of innovation spirit in residents that help them to be satisfied with government policies and their performance, and these measurements develop citizen satisfaction. This research validates the use of the value of citizen satisfaction that encourages the grassroots of essential government to perform more efficiently for its public under administration.
Morphological and Molecular Study of Lepista sordida in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Ivan Permana , Hermawan Rudy , Sibero Mada Triandala , Sari Ade Aliyya Puspita , Nurhayat Oktan Dwi
Published: October 2022

Lepista sordida (Schumach.) Singer (Agaricales) with the unusual growth pattern and stipe character is reported for the first time from West Java, Indonesia. Fresh basidiomata were assessed using morphological and molecular approaches. The morphological characters were observed based on the macro- and micromorphological features. The ITS 4/5 region was used for molecular analysis. A detailed description of basidiomata and the phylogenetic tree is provided. Our result indicated the morphological plasticity of L. sordida. This study is the first contribution of Lepista sordida based on both morphological and molecular evidence in Indonesia.
Physicochemical, ADMET, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations against Bacillus subtilis HmoB for Antibacterial Potentiality of Methyl 𝜶-D-glucopyranoside Derivatives
Authors: Kawsar Sarkar , Ouassaf Mebarka , Hosen Mohammed , Chtita Samir , Qais Fazan , Belaidi Saleh
Published: October 2022

Monosaccharide derivatives are important in the field of biological chemistry because of their effectiveness against bacterial pathogens, as well as to synthesize biologically active products. Designing novel antibacterial agents with new structural scaffolds that combat drug-resistant pathogens is an urgent task. Therefore, the present study targets to identify the binding affinity of a series of previously synthesized methyl α-D-glucopyranoside (MDGP) derivatives with molecular docking and molecular dynamics along with their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations were executed for the MDGP derivatives using B3LYP/3–21G, which was also used for the illustration of partial atomic charge and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP). The designed derivatives were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities through a molecular docking study with Bacillus subtilis HmoB heme oxygenase by AutoDock. The binding affinity from molecular docking score for Derivatives 8–10 (–10.11, –10.41, and –12.20 kcal/mol) against the bacterial pathogen B. subtilis HmoB gives the evidence for being potential antimicrobial agents. Furthermore, a 100-ns molecular dynamics simulation study revealed the stable conformation and binding pattern of MDGP derivatives in a stimulating environment. In addition, in silico ADMET study, toxicity and bioactivity parameters were calculated for MDGP and its derivatives for evaluating their safe uses and predicting the pre-study of clinical phases as drug molecules by using software and an online database. Our designed new MDGP derivatives might be exhibited as first-rate and superior pharmacological profiles in medicinal chemistry, which may give the leading information for further studies about their biological activity.
Hawkmoths of Baguio City, Philippines: a Preliminary Checklist Derived from Photo-based Observation Records Available on iNaturalist and Philippine Lepidoptera Internet Platforms
Authors: Mape Niño , Alisto Linda , Kitching Ian
Published: October 2022

Hawkmoths are among the most popular insects but have received little attention in the Philippines over the last two decades. This study took advantage of the photographic records of hawkmoths available on two online social network platforms: iNaturalist and Philippine Lepidoptera. From these data sources, we created a preliminary species checklist and defined the species composition of hawkmoths in Baguio City, Philippines. We recorded a total of 275 observations made between January 2014–August 2021, from which 35 species and subspecies were identified. Nine (25.71%) of these are Philippine endemics. The community composition of hawkmoths in the city was composed generally of common species, observed mostly during the wet season. This study demonstrates the potential of publicly available photo-supported observations of hawkmoths as a valuable source to obtain data in support of basic lepidopterological studies and, hence, improve the dearth of information regarding Philippine hawkmoths.
Development of a Climate Responsiveness Framework for the Philippines’ Environment and Natural Resources Management Sector
Authors: Pulhin Florencia , Alonte Ma. Criscia , Basug Elenida , Bayangos Aldrin , Cruz Rex Victor , Cura Alfi Lorenz , Espaldon Maria Victoria , Lasco Rodel , Macapagal Marco , Pangilinan Millicent Joyce , Rebuelta-Teh Analiza , Tiongson Perpilili Vivienne
Published: October 2022

The Philippines’ vulnerability to climate change necessitates the adoption of strategies to strengthen the most vulnerable sectors and diminish severe climate change impacts in the future. This study assessed the implications of recent findings of climate change science on the country’s Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) 10 priority programs through a landscape and ecosystem-based approach. The assessment was done by defining the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems through a comprehensive review of relevant literature at the global to national scale, as well as the development of a framework for assessing the climate responsiveness of programs. Using a set of 12 criteria for climate responsiveness and a four-point rating scale (0/none to 3/high), the programs were assessed through a literature and document review, conduct of a series of workshops, and interviews and self-rating surveys with key actors, such as officers of the divisions and attached agencies of DENR. Results of the assessment showed that most of DENR’s programs were found to have low ratings in terms of flexibility, a long- term scope of impacts, the ability to address interconnected risks and vulnerabilities, the ability to stimulate migration to green development pathways, and the promotion of incremental and transformational adaptation. To improve the ratings, it is recommended that decision support systems be developed, and plans and programs be integrated and harmonized through multi- agency/multi-stakeholder collaboration and a robust system for developing climate-responsive policies – including the National Land Use Act, Sustainable Forest Management, Payment for Environmental Services, and the Carbon Offset Law.
The Gregorio T. Velasquez Phycological Herbarium (MSI): a Legacy and National Heritage
Authors: Ganzon-Fortes Edna , Santiañez Wilfred John
Published: October 2022

We present here the history and contents of one of the most important herbaria in the Philippines – the Gregorio T. Velasquez Phycological Herbarium of the Marine Science Institute (MSI) at the University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman. The MSI herbarium was established in the early 1970s by Dr. Gavino C. Trono Jr. and was named in honor of his mentor Dr. Gregorio T. Velasquez, the “Father of Philippine Phycology.” Collections in the MSI herbarium are primarily made by Filipino phycologists within the coasts and offshore islands and reefs of the Philippines. The MSI herbarium currently holds ~ 55,000 algal and seagrass specimens collected from various areas in the country and abroad. As the largest repository of marine plants in the Philippines and the ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) region, we consider the MSI herbarium as both a legacy and national heritage that we owe to the pillars of Philippine phycology – Dr. Gavino C. Trono Jr. and the late Dr. Gregorio T. Velasquez.
Early Studies of Marine Microalgae in the Philippines
Authors: Martinez-Goss Milagrosa
Published: October 2022

The early documented marine microalgae from the Philippines were done between 1853–1925. A total of 801 taxa were identified and distributed into three phyla, i.e. the Cyanobacteria, the Rhodophyta, and the Bacillariophyta. About 99% of these taxa belong to the Bacillariophyta. Of the 797 total diatom taxa identified by early scientists, there are only 281 species that are accepted as current valid names based on AlgaeBase and DiatomBase. These accepted diatom taxa belong to 63 genera. The three genera with the greatest number of species in decreasing order are Amphora (46), Biddulphia (29), and Campylodiscus (16). Out of the 797 diatom species, 190 species have the Philippines as the type locality and these specimens are deposited in the United States (US) – specifically, at the Farlow Herbarium and in the US National Museum in Washington, DC and in London, England at the Diatom section of the British Museum of Natural History. All these algal materials were part of the collection of four different naval scientific exploring expeditions that visited the Philippines in 1842–1910 – namely, the US Exploring (Wilkes) Expedition (1842), the HMS Challenger (1874–1875), the Italian Cruiser Vettor Pisani (1884), and the USS Albatross (1907–1910). The greatest number of microalgae collected was 743 by USS Albatross, followed in decreasing order by HMS Challenger (57), US Exploring Expedition (17), and Vettor Pisani (1). These early collections of marine microalgae provided invaluable contributions in laying the groundwork for the development of Philippine phycology.
Growth and Carrageenan Quality of Sporophyte and Gametophyte of the Commercially Important Red Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Luhan Maria Rovilla , Mateo Jonalyn , Sollesta-Pitogo Hananiah
Published: October 2022

One dilemma facing the farming of the carrageenophyte Kappaphycus is the deteriorating quality of seedstock. Rejuvenating the commercial stocks using spores from reproductive wild parents that are sexually and asexually produced could perhaps restore the traits that are useful for culture. The use of gametophyte and sporophyte (=tetrasporophyte) phases of Kappaphycus alvarezii from spores is explored as a source of seedstock. The growth and physical properties of semi-refined carrageenan extracted from the resulting sporophyte and gametophyte thalli of the same ages were determined. The growth rate of the diploid tetrasporophyte thalli was significantly higher than that of the haploid gametophyte. Gel strength and yield of semi-refined carrageenan from the two life cycle phases were not significantly different, whereas the viscosity was significantly higher in the diploid tissues. Kappaphycus sporophytes were potentially superior to gametophytes as a source of seedstock for mariculture, but problems need to be addressed – including improving the growth rate and reducing the cost of production – before its application could be realized.
Seagrass Factor in Climate Change Mitigation in the Philippines
Authors: Fortes Miguel
Published: October 2022

Despite their importance, seagrasses are facing a global decline due primarily to increased nutrient loading and sedimentation resulting from deforestation and agriculture, and, more recently, from seawater warming in shallow coastal waters. With the advent of new technology and a concerted understanding of seagrass ecosystems as vulnerable social-ecological systems, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of studies focusing on the effects of climate change on seagrasses. Here, I provide an account of the status, role, and future of Philippine seagrasses in an era of climate-driven environmental change. I have gathered information from published studies and actual accounts to identify potential commonalities in the effects of climate change and the responses of seagrasses across the molecular, community, and ecosystem levels. Occupying 13.3% or 4,826 km of the total length of the Philippine coastline, seagrass species composition and diversity remain relatively stable. The seagrass beds of the Philippines and Southeast Asia are declining at an estimated rate of 2.62% or 391 km2 yr–1. Coupled with the apparent neglect in accounts of global carbon, this decline indicates a potential to lose an effective source of blue carbon useful in mitigating the impacts of climate change. In this study, I evaluate the combined effects of climate change with other environmental stressors on the ecosystem services of seagrasses and emphasize the need to apply the lessons learned from three decades of local studies to provide a more inclusive science-based knowledge of seagrass- climate interaction and a deeper understanding of the ecosystem’s resilience. I conclude by presenting the most significant knowledge and management gaps and future directions for seagrass research in the Philippines.
The assessment of effect of early post-hospital rehabilitation on the lung ventilation function in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bogacz Katarzyna , Woszczak Marek , Szczegielniak Jan
Published: October 2022

Objective. An assumption as made that tests performed before and after a 3-week cardiovascular rehabilitation would allow the assessment of its effect on the lung ventilation function in patients post MI and CABG.
Material and methods. The analysis involved determination of mean values of all spirometric values and comparing them with expected values before and after the rehabilitation program. In order to check if mean values of both tests were significantly different, they were compared using the t Student test for paired samples, and mean increases of all indexes were calculated.
Test results. Lung function tests performed in study subjects gave results allowing precise analysis of lung ventilation function in patients post MI and CABG, and an assessment o the effect of comprehensive cardiovascular rehabilitation, including respiratory exercises, on ventilation function of those patients. t-Student test was applied for the assessment of differences with the significance level of p < 0.01.
Conclusions. The program of cardovascular rehabilitation involving respiratory exercises, accounts for improved lung ventilation function in patients post MI and CABG, and should be used at each stage of rehabilitation of those patients.
Bangabandhu’s 6-Point Programme and the Independence of Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Harun-or-
Published: October 2022

The paper is an attempt to examine the role of the 6-point programme (1966) presented by Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, which resulted in the independence of Bangladesh. In the backdrop of ‘internal colonial’ rule over the majority of Bangalis by the (West) Pakistani ruling elites Bangabandhu initiated his 6-point programme as ‘the Magna Carta’ of Bangalis’ national emancipation. Mujib made the 6-point programme acceptable to the people: first, by mobilizing the Awami League leaders and workers in favour of it; second, by explaining the messages and ultimate goal of the 6-point programme through various meetings for three months before his arrest at the hands of the Ayub regime. Antagonized by the Bangabandhu’s 6-point programme, the (West) Pakistani rulers imprisoned him. While in jail he was charged with sedition leading the Ayub regime to file ‘the Agartala Conspiracy Case’ (1968). Against the measures of the regime, the people took out the streets creating a mass upsurge and made supreme sacrifices. Ayub had no other option but to unconditionally withdraw the case setting Bangabandhu and other accused free. This was followed by the holding of first general elections of Pakistan in December 1970 in which 6-point programme was Awami League’s election plank. The mandate of the Bangalis in favour of 6-point programme paved the way for the independence of Bangladesh.
Domestic bases of foreign policy: The case of Bangladesh’s policy towards India
Authors: Biswas Bibhuti Bhusan
Published: October 2022

Foreign policy is often regarded as an extension of domestic policy. Bangladesh's foreign policy, like that of any other state, is primarily a reflection of its socio- economic and political compulsions within international politics. Therefore, the task of tracing how such domestic factors influence foreign policy poses a significant theoretical challenge. To date, the majority of studies on Bangladesh-India relations have been descriptive, chronological, and devoid of any fresh insights. Furthermore, little systematic effort has been made to study the domestic factors in Bangladesh and their implications for India-Bangladesh relations. The present paper, therefore, constitutes a modest attempt to fill this gap. The focus of this paper is not on providing a complete framework for researching domestic compulsions within Bangladesh foreign policy, but to uncover appropriate explanatory propositions for understanding the domestic roots of Bangladesh's foreign policy with regards to India. The findings of this paper highlight how Bangladesh's foreign policy has often become a device for enhancing the sectional and group interests within the domestic political and factional infighting. Various regimes in Bangladesh have not only used different internal factors to promote their own sustenance and survival but have also internal factors like external relations. Unsurprisingly, successive regimes in Bangladesh have willingly induced a dependency relationship to remain in power or deny power to their political opponents.
Developing Academic Spanish in Bilingual Teacher Candidates
Authors: Pallais-Downing Desiree , Pineda Mónica , Mehta Mohit , Galindo-Tovar Irán , Salinas Cinthia
Published: October 2022

Policy makers and education researchers emphasize the need for English learners to develop academic language in order to improve school achievement. However, little work has been done to understand how academic language, conceptualized in English-only environments, is pedagogically relevant for prospective bilingual teachers who have experienced subtractive schooling (Valenzuela, 1996). This article presents a critical interpretive review of studies that explore Spanish development in bilingual teacher candidates who are Heritage Spanish Speakers (HSS). Our analysis of 36 studies found two main obstacles and three types of solutions towards Spanish development in bilingual teacher preparation programs. Obstacles coalesced around structural and ideological dimensions. Solutions pointed to three pathways for Spanish academic language development: content-based instruction, sociolinguistic approaches, and socio-symbolic transformations. Of the 36 articles, 20 aligned with solutions and 16 with obstacles. Our conclusions point to linguistic and cultural factors specific to Spanish-speaking communities in the United States that deserve more careful attention as part of policy-driven pedagogical improvement efforts. Based on our findings, we discuss the ambivalent experiences impinging on bilingual teacher candidates who are HSS, the implications of prevailing decontextualized approaches, and the need to further theorize the construct of academic Spanish.
Reflections on a Heritage Spanish Literary Contest
Authors: Sanders Robert , Avilés Elena
Published: October 2022

The authors reflect on their experiences hosting a literary contest for Spanish as a heritage language (SHL) at a major university in the Pacific Northwest. The contest is described and recommendations are offered for those seeking to host such a competition. The goal of this paper is to underscore the potential of SHL creative writing competitions to empower students and their communities, to foster student retention and success, and to promote SHL program growth.
Wie Nachkommen das Schweigen ihrer Eltern erleben Eine qualitative Studie im Kontext fürsorgerischer Zwangsmaßnahmen in der Schweiz
Authors: Gautschi Nadine
Published: October 2022

Die vorliegende Studie interessiert sich dafür, wie die soziale Praxis des Schweigens auf gesellschaftlicher und politischer Ebene über sog. fürsorgerische Zwangsmaßnahmen (FSZM) in der Schweiz in Familien hineinwirkt, und wie soziale Strukturen des Schweigens in Familien hervorgebracht werden. Dazu wird rekonstruiert, wie Nachkommen das Schweigen ihrer Eltern bezüglich deren Erfahrungen mit FSZM erlebten. Das methodische Vorgehen orientiert sich an der Grounded Theory Methodologie. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die verschwiegene elterliche Geschichte aus Sicht der Nachkommen gleichzeitig als an- und abwesend erlebt wird. Die Anwesenheit zeigt sich in Form fragmentierter verbaler Kommunikationsformen und Erfahrungen stiller Präsenz. Dazu gehören u. a. Gefühle der Nachkommen, oder elterliche Verhaltensweisen, die von den Nachkommen in Bezug auf die verschwiegene Vergangenheit gedeutet werden. Die Abwesenheit wird durch vermeidende Kommunikationsformen, sowie durch Erfahrungen stiller Absenz erlebt, die sich in Kontaktlosigkeit zu Familienangehörigen äußert. Das anhand der empirischen Daten entwickelte konzeptuelle Modell fasst das erlebte Schweigen der Nachkommen als Erfahrungen der An- und Abwesenheit der elterlichen Geschichte. Es skizziert Handlungsstrategien, sowie subjektive Deutungen der Auswirkungen hinsichtlich des elterlichen Schweigens. Deutlich wird, dass das Schweigen der Eltern und dessen Konsequenzen für die Nachkommen mit spezifischen Belastungen einhergehen kann, die ausgehalten und bewältigt werden müssen.
Eine Geschichte namens Verfassung: Hannah Arendts Rechtsdenken zwischen Isonomie und Autorität
Authors: Plätzer Niklas
Published: October 2022

This article presents the legal thought of Hannah Arendt as a post-foundationalist account of constitutional authority. Where authority has traditionally been understood as a hierarchical concept, akin to rule or domination, Arendt democratizes the notion of authority by tying institutional durability to a continual renewal through acts of refounding. Arendt’s account of law can be understood as constituted by two dialectical relationships: a dialectics of isonomy, in which a protective function interacts with an enabling function, giving rise to a political notion of legal equality; and, secondly, a dialectics of authority, in which acts of founding are mediated with durability by means of a “principle” (from Latin principium, beginning). Arendt thus shifts the attention from a philosophical concern with normative grounds to a political theory of institutional temporality - a move with profound implications, as it locates a contested politics of memory within the symbolic dimension of legal order. Keywords: authority - collective memory - constitutionalism - equality - Hannah Arendt - isonomy - law - post-foundationalism - principle - temporality
„Autoritäre“ und demokratische Rechts- und Rechtswissenschaftsverständnisse – Die „Reine Rechtslehre“ als Grundlage für eine demokratische Rechtspolitik
Authors: Techet Péter
Published: October 2022

In this paper I compare the understanding of jurisprudence by Hans Kelsen and Carl Schmitt. By establishing the primacy of politics and rejecting the prescriptive function of jurisprudence, Hans Kelsen enabled a democratic understanding of law (and of jurisprudence), and at the same time a critical approach. Kelsen defines the law from a dynamic perspective, which justifies the constant changeability of the law - and in this respect the primacy of democracy over dogmatic jurisprudence. The basis for Kelsen's understanding of jurisprudence is his relativism, which at the same time - as mentioned at the end of the paper - is based on a moral position on the autonomy of the individual. Keywords: Carl Schmitt - critical law studies - democracy - dynamic of law - Hans Kelsen - jurisprudence - theory of law