bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stabilizer rank and higher-order Fourier analysis
Authors: Labib Farrokh
Published: February 2022

We establish a link between stabilizer states, stabilizer rank, and higher-order Fourier analysis – a still-developing area of mathematics that grew out of Gowers's celebrated Fourier-analytic proof of Szemerédi's theorem \cite{gowers1998new}. We observe that n-qudit stabilizer states are so-called nonclassical quadratic phase functions (defined on affine subspaces of Fpn where p is the dimension of the qudit) which are fundamental objects in higher-order Fourier analysis. This allows us to import tools from this theory to analyze the stabilizer rank of quantum states. Quite recently, in \cite{peleg2021lower} it was shown that the n-qubit magic state has stabilizer rank Ω(n). Here we show that the qudit analog of the n-qubit magic state has stabilizer rank Ω(n), generalizing their result to qudits of any prime dimension. Our proof techniques use explicitly tools from higher-order Fourier analysis. We believe this example motivates the further exploration of applications of higher-order Fourier analysis in quantum information theory.
Konsep Karamah dalam Masyarakat Islam (Konstruksi dan Implikasi Sosial Keagamaan Kewalian Abu Ibrahim Woyla di Aceh)
Authors: Muradi Putri Nailul
Published: February 2022

This study aims to describe the construction and socio-religious implications of Abu Ibrahim Woyla in Aceh. The method used is qualitative with data collection through interviews and literature studies relevant to the research objectives. The results showed that the Acehnese acknowledged the existence of waliyullah in Islam, and they believe that Abu Ibrahim Woyla is a scholar close to Allah, so he has reached the "Waliyullah". The community's belief was driven by several extraordinary events in Abu Ibrahim Woyla, so Acehnese believed that these advantages were a spiritual value gift bestowed on him by Allah. People believe that the karamah on Abu Ibrahim Woyla is a sign of his guardianship. Abu Ibrahim Woyla never directly invited others to follow him. However, there are not a few people who want to follow in his footsteps to be able to stay Istiqomah close to Allah and His messenger.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konstruksi dan implikasi sosial keagamaan Abu Ibrahim Woyla di Aceh. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi pustaka yang relevan dengan tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Aceh mengakui adanya waliyullah dalam Islam, dan mereka meyakini bahwa Abu Ibrahim Woyla adalah seorang ulama yang dekat dengan Allah, sehingga telah mencapai “Waliyullah”. Keyakinan masyarakat tersebut didorong oleh beberapa kejadian luar biasa dalam diri Abu Ibrahim Woyla, sehingga masyarakat Aceh percaya bahwa kelebihan tersebut merupakan anugerah nilai spiritual yang dianugerahkan Allah kepadanya. Orang-orang percaya bahwa karomah pada Abu Ibrahim Woyla adalah tanda perwaliannya. Abu Ibrahim Woyla tidak pernah secara langsung mengajak orang lain untuk mengikutinya. Namun, tidak sedikit orang yang ingin mengikuti jejaknya untuk bisa tetap Istiqomah dekat dengan Allah dan Rasul-Nya.
KAJIAN INTERTEKSTUALITAS PUISI NA>ZIK AL-MALA>`IKAH ‘ANA>’ DAN CHAIRIL ANWAR ‘AKU’ (Analisis Satra Bandingan)
Authors: Irwan Mus  , Berdan Aiyub
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tentang kajian intertekstualitas puisi Na>zik Al Mala>`ikah ‘Ana>’ dan Chairil Anwar ‘Aku’ menggunakan teori Satra Bandinga. Intertekstualitas terhadap kedua puisi di atas memiliki persamaan bedasarkan pencarian hakikat manusia yang ada dalam puisi ini adalah sebuah pencarian secara filsafati. Kajian intertekstualitas kedua puisi tersebut memiliki perbandingan dari segi persamaan dan perbedaan yang meliputi isi atau struktur batin dan struktur fisik. Perbandingan intertektualitas persamaaan dan perbedaan puisi kedua puisi tersebut dari segi isi atau struktur batin mencakup beberapa hal seperti: tema, nada, amanat, dan suasana. Sedangkan perbandingan intertektualitas persamaaan dan perbedaan puisi kedua puisi tersebut dari segi struktur fisik meliputi: kata konkret, bahasa figuratif (majas), dan tipografi. Dari segi budaya dan sejarah kedua puisi tersebut yang melatarinya dapat disimpulakan bahwa, pertama puisi Ana> ditulis oleh seorang satrawan kotemporer perempuan berkebangsaan Arab dari Irak sedangkan puisi Aku ditulis oleh sastrawan bekembangsaan Indonesia. Walaupun dari segi tema sama-sama berbicara mengenai perjuangan namun keduanya memiliki makna yang berbeda. Puisi Ana> karya Na>zik Al-Mala>`ikah memiliki makna perjuangan terhadap diri sendiri sebagai bukti jelas nampak pada lirik yang berbunyi ‘Aku tetap kontributor di sini’, sedangkan puisi Aku karya Chairil Anwar lebih berbicara kepada perjuangan membela negara melawan penjajahan, dan itu nampak pada lirik yang berbunyi ‘Biar peluru menembus kulitku’ ‘Aku tetap meradang menerjang’.
BAHASA DAN GENDER DALAM FILM: ATHIRAH (Sebuah Kajian Sosiolinguistik)
Authors: Rahma Salbiah  , Sumardi
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

Film Athirah adalah film yang berfokus pada peran Athirah sebagai tokoh sentral dengan latar belakang kebudayaan suku bangsa Bugis-Makassar. Penggunaan bahasa dalam film juga menjadi titik fokus dalam kajian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan bahasa dan gender yang dituturkan oleh tokoh yang berperan dalam film ini. Menggambarkan faktor-faktor sosial dan budaya yang mempengaruhi penggunaan ciri kebahasaan mereka dan menggambarkan representasi gender yang tercermin dalam film. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data sumber penelitian ini adalah film Athirah yang dilihat secara random. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi dan catat  yang dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian  1) menganalisis karakteristik kebahasaan tokoh utama laki-laki dan perempuan pada film Athirah(2) mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor sosial yang memengaruhi penggunaan karakteristik kebahasaan tersebut; dan (3) mendeskripsikan representasi gender yang tercermin dalam film tersebut tentang karakteristik kebahasaan.
SUDUT PANDANG TEMATIK DALAM PUISI “KITA ADALAH PEMILIK SAH REPUBLIK INI” KARYA TAUFIQ ISMAIL DAN “AT-TA’SYIIRAH” KARYA NIZAR QABBANI
Authors: Akmal Fajri
Published: February 2022

Abstrak

Dalam artikel ini bertujuan mengakat tentang tematik dalam puisi Kita Adalah Pemilik Sah Republik Ini karya Taufiq Ismail dan at-Ta’syiirah karya Nizar Qabbani. Dengan melihat unsur tematik dalam puisi tersebut guna melihat perbandigan antara kedua karya sastra tersebut. dengan mengunakan metode deskriptif analitik dan studi kepustakaan dalam memperoleh data serta pendekatan sastra bading. Adapun landasan teori yang digunakan adalah semantik F. De Saussere. Hal ini untuk memudahkan dalam analisis unsur tematik dalam puisi tersebut. juga memudahkan dalam melakukan sastra bading dalam karya puisi Taufiq Ismail dan Nizar Qabbani. Adapun hasil yang didapati bawah tema yang dianggkat dalam kedua puisi tersebut adalah tema nasionalisme dan juga terdapat tanda dan penanda dari sikap nasioanalisme yang digambarkan dalam puisi karya Taufiq Ismail dan Nizar Qabbani.
STRATIFIKASI SOSIAL DALAM NOVEL MAJDULIN KARYA MUSTHAFA LUTHFI AL-MANFALUTHI (PENDEKATAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
Authors: Raudhatul Jannah
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengungkapkan dan menguraikan stratifikasi sosial serta Menguraikan permasalahan Sosial yang timbul Akibat dari adanya Stratifikasi Sosial yang terdapat dalam novel Majdulin Karya Musthafa Luthfi Al-Manfaluthi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi berupa novel Majdulin Karya Musthafa Luthfi Al-Manfaluthi. Langkah-langkah analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah membaca novel, membuat sinopsis cerita, mengidentifikasi data, menganalisis stratifikasi sosial serta menyimpulkan hasil data yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan 1) Ukuran Kekayaan, 2) Ukuran kekuasaan, 3) ukuran kehormatan, 4) ukuran ilmu pengetahuan. Kelas Sosial dalam novel Majdulin karya Mustafa Luthfi Al-Manfaluthi meliputi kelas sosial lapisan atas dan kelas sosial lapisan bawah. Serta permasalah yang timbul akhibat adanya ukuran kekayaan yaitu memandang rendah martabat status sosial lapisan bawah. Permasalahan kedua yang muncul karena disebabkan oleh adanya ukuran stratifikasi sosial adalah kelas sosial lapisan atas bertindak sewenang-wenang terhadap kelas sosial lainnya
معنى الباء في ﴿ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ في ضوء كتاب "إعراب القرآن" لأبي جعفر النحاس
Authors: Aiyub Berdan
Published: February 2022

ملخص البحث

هذا البحث المتواضع يتكلم عن بعض المسائل النحوية، وهو معنى الباء في ﴿ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ في ضوء كتاب "إعراب القرآن" لأبي جعفر النحاس. ويحتوى هذا البحث على المشكلتين، وهما: (1) ما معاني الباء المستعملة في اللغة العربية؟  (2). ما رأي أبي جعفر النحاس فى تحديد هذه المعانى في قوله تعالى: ﴿ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ مع اختلاف العلماء فيه ؟ ويهدف هذا البحث إلى الكشف عما يأتي: (1). معرفة معاني الباء المستعملة في اللغة العربية. (2). معرفة رأي أبي جعفر النحاس فى تحديد هذه المعانى في قوله تعالى: ﴿ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ مع اختلاف العلماء فيه

من نتائج البحث:

الباء حرف جر مختص، فلذلك يعمل، وهو ملازم عمل الجر. ولها معان كثيرة، منها: الإلصاق، والتعدية، والاستعانة وغيرها ...

وأما الباء في ﴿بِسْمِاللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ﴾ زائدة عند أبي جعفر النحاس.

وأما غيره من النحاة فيرون أن الباء فيه إما للإلصاق وإما للاستعانة.
“Theoretical Geography” by William Bunge and its significance for cartography
Authors: Chibryakov Ya.Yu.
Published: February 2022

“Theoretical Geography” by William Bunge (1928–2013) was studied in detail from cartographic point of view. The history of creating this work was also considered. The book was a manifesto of a new direction in geography, based on mathematical methods and metacartography. The latter’s concept developed by Bunge formed a new look at the subject, methodology and philosophical foundations of cartography. Bunge was first to suggest the ambiguity of the map’s epistemological essence, included anamorphoses into the contents of cartographic works, presented maps and aerial photos as part of a general imaging system and correlated cartography with mathematics. He made a significant contribution to development of the transport cartography theory, to mapping methods (innovations related to development of topographic bases and application of cartographic representation methods). The author analyzes the development of this composition’s cartographic ideas by his contemporaries, as well as in the subsequent works of Bunge himself. It was concluded that the contribution of “Theoretical Geography” to cartography is not smaller than that to geographical science development.
Star Wars: O mito do despertar
Authors: Duarte de Andrade Pedro
Published: February 2022

O ensaio analisa a relação entre a filosofia e a saga cinematográfica de Star Wars, tendo em vista comentar a exegese feita pelo Professor Vladimir Vieira no texto “Star Wars: o despertar do mito”. O ensaio aponta como, nos filmes da criação de George Lucas, estão presentes uma ontologia, uma epistemologia e uma ética, além de uma filosofia da tecnologia marcada pelo desafio de uma relação serena com ela. Busca-se, em diálogo com o texto de Vladimir Vieira, sugerir também as razões pelas quais há altos e baixos desde a primeira e excelente trilogia na qual a mitologia de Star Wars se funda, passando pela problemática tentativa da segunda trilogia de situar aquela mitologia em uma realidade mais prosaica até a terceira e final trilogia que absorve a mitologia através da melancolia sobre o passado que já foi e da ironia com alguns de seus símbolos, forjando uma relação que, para empregar uma expressão do poeta Octavio Paz, é de “paixão crítica”.
Entrepreneurship - the Need for Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Bernat Tomasz
Published: February 2022

The area of research related to entrepreneurship is not homogeneous. Therefore, the interdisciplinary approach is the one that may successfully expand the domains of activities linked to making decisions about establishing and running an enterprise. This is especially important now, in the midst of a crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic, which has not only affected the economy but has also significantly influenced decision-making by individuals.
Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mira Mira , Sabilah Adina , Royani Sumi , Sopiah Sopiah , Sahriani Sisi , Rahmi Rahmi , Sonang Siregar Pariang , Marta Eni
Published: February 2022

Covid-19 memberikan dampak yang sangat besar bagi dunia pendidikan, dimana pembelajaran yang awalnya tatap muka menjadi dilakukan secara daring. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh pembelajaran daring terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa di SD. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 65 orang yang terdiri dari guru dan siswa. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran daring sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar pada konsep dasar matematika siswa. Selama pembelajaran daring siswa kurang efektif dalam belajar dan siswa kurang memahami materi yang diberikan oleh guru. Hasil belajar siswa pun kurang stabil dan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pembelajaran selama pandemi berubah yaitu dengan menggunakan jaringan jarak jauh. Hal ini memberikan dampak pada guru karena kurang maksimal dalam memberikan materi pembelajaran dan terganggunya proses pembelajaran yang menyebabkan materi tidak tuntas.
Universal CAR T cell: engineering of universal T cell, modular CAR system, and applications
Authors: Duan Zhipu , Lin Zhuohui , Zhou Shijie
Published: February 2022

Universal Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells (CAR T), an alternative design based on conventional CAR T cells, uses a switchable adaptor for a better redirection towards the target site. This technology overcomes the obstacles of the conventional Car T cells system, such as immunogenicity, massive expression of cytokine and fixed antigen specificity. This article introduces universal CAR T cells from both the perspectives of the universal T cells and its modular CAR systems, illustrating the advancement of universal CAR T cells to overcome the limitation of conventional CAR T cells and serve as a more controllable and highly promising system. The universal CAR T cells section focuses on the challenges of choosing T cell sources and the corresponding solutions, while the modular CAR system section summarizes the different types of switchable adaptors in combination with clinical applications in various types of cancer treatments. Overall, universal CAR T cells therapy is a novel development that not only out-competes but also recovers the shortage of the conventional CAR T cells system. With the use of switchable adaptors, the universal CAR T cells system is commercially beneficial for the public and a safe product to allow the industry to expand the clinical application of different types of cancers.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGAMG LISENSI HAK CIPTA GAME ONLINE TERHADAP PIHAK KETIGA SEBAGAI PEMBUAT PROGRAM MODIFIKASI
Authors: Dahen Lovelly Dwina , Rasyid Afnan
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAKHak Cipta menurut Pasal 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta (UHC) ialah hak ekslusif pencipta yang timbul secara otomatis berdasarkan prinsip deklaratif setelah suatu ciptaan diwujudkan dalam bentuk nyata tanpa mengurangi pembatasan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dalam memperluas pemanfaatan dari ciptaannya pencipta dapat memberikan izin dalam bentuk lisensi hak cipta kepada pemegang hak cipta agar dapat melaksanakan hak ekonomi dari ciptaan tersebut. Namun dalam pelaksanaan lisensi pemegang hak cipta dalam hal ini pemegang lisensi game online mendapat kerugian ekonomi yang tidak sedikit akibat adanya program modifikasi yang tersebar luas di dunia maya. Kerugian atas keberadaan program modifikasi ini sendiri tidak diatur secara langsung didalam Pasal 9 ayat (1) UHC. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan belum sepenuhnya dapat melindungi pemegang lisensi game online. Disamping itu, penting untuk mendaftarkan perjanjian lisensi game online karena teknis pendaftarannya sudah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 36 Tahun 2018 tentang Pencatatan Perjanjian Lisensi Kekayaan Intelektual untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum. Serta pelaksanaan Peraturan Menteri bersama yang lebih efektif dalam melakukan pencegahan penyebaran program modifikasi dibandingkan Pasal 52 UHC yang menjadi dasar hukumnya.Kata kunci : Perlindungan, Lisensi Hak Cipta.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMEGANG HAK CIPTA BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NO. 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
Authors: Dahen Lovelly Dwina
Published: February 2022

ABSTRAKHak atas kekayaan intelektual (HAKI) adalah hak kebendaan, hak atas sesuatu benda yang bersumber dari hasil kerja otak dan hasil kerja rasio manusia yang disebut juga dengan intelectual property rights. Ruang lingkup HAKI meliputi, hak cipta, hak paten, hak merek, rahasia dagang, hak desain industri, hak perlindungan varietas tanaman dan hak desain tata letak sirkuit terpadu. Dalam hal ini penulis menitikberatkan pembahasan HAKI di bidang hak cipta. Sangat penting dipahami mengenai pencipta dan pemegang hak cipta. Hukum tidak hanya memberikan perlindungan kepada pencipta tetapi juga kepada pemegang hak cipta. Artinya, pemegang hak cipta tidak hanya oleh pencipta saja tetapi juga bisa dimiliki oleh pihak lain melalui pengalihan hak sebagai salah satu wujud hak mutlak pencipta.Dari tindakan pengalihan hak cipta tersebut akan menimbulkan konsekuensi yuridis yang berbeda bagi pemegang hak cipta yang diperoleh melalui pengalihan serta bentuk jaminan perlindungan hukum bagi mereka. Hal ini sangat terkait dengan kewenangan bertindak bagi pemegang hak cipta kedepannya baik berupa hak moral maupun hak ekonomi. Hubungan hukum yang terjadi diawali dengan perbuatan hukum yang berbeda sehingga konsekuensi yuridisnya pun berbeda. Seberapa besar penguasaan pemegang hak cipta yang bukan pencipta tergantung dari bentuk tindakan pengalihan yang dilakukan. Begitu juga halnya dengan perlindungan hukum bagi pemegang hak cipta melalui lisensi dimana tidak semua pemegang lisensi dapat dikatakan sebagai pemegang hak cipta.
Peran Zakat, Infak, Sedekah Dalam Mewujudkan Sustainanble Development Goals Di Indonesia
Authors: Utama Rizky Putra
Published: February 2022

This research is a study to see the role of zakat, infaq, and alms in realizing sustainable development goals in Indonesia. The SDGs are a goal that is mutually agreed upon by the member states of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of creating prosperity and a decent life for every citizen. This is of course in line with the target of zakat in Islam, as an instrument for distributing wealth from people who have excess assets to people who lack assets. So the purpose of this study is to see how big the role of zakat, infaq, and alms in supporting the achievement of the SDGs goals in Indonesia. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out, it was found that zakat, infaq, and alms have a positive role in achieving the SDGs goals in Indonesia with five (5) program pillars: economy, health, education, da'wah, social humanity. Zakat, infaq, alms play an important role in the funding sector for eight (eight) targets of zakat recipients: (1) poor, (2) poor, (3) amil, (4) converts, (5) slaves, (6) Gharimin, (7) fii sabilillah, (8) ibn sabil. With the biggest role towards the SDGs goals: eradicating poverty, eradicating hunger, decent health, and quality education.
Mathematical statistics algorithm in the bending performance test of corroded reinforced concrete beams under fatigue load
Authors: Li Zhengjian , Li Lifeng
Published: February 2022

Harsh environments such as alternating wet and dry conditions and cyclic loading cause erosion in steel bars, leading to severe damage to structures. Steel bars are also prone to bending under long-term fatigue loads. This paper establishes the bending performance test of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) beam under fatigue load based on the mathematical–statistical algorithm. It investigates the influence of heavy load on the fatigue performance of damaged RC beams, the influence of corrosive environment on the fatigue performance of RC beams, the degree of corrosion of steel bars in concrete beams under fatigue loading, and the distribution of chloride ions. The study results found that the stress ratio has a significant effect on the maximum crack width of the specimen beam. The greater is the stress ratio, the longer the fatigue life. This directly affects the performance of the specimen beam under fatigue loading. For this reason, we should pay special attention to the impact of corrosion on the fatigue performance of a structure during the design of steel bars.
Public Policy and Administration in the Age of Donald Trump
Authors: Schultz David
Published: February 2022

Donald Trump’s presidency produced a few legislative victories. Instead, as with his predecessors, the Trump presidency had to rely more on executive orders and other actions to move its agenda. But even this unilateral approach produced fewer results than his supporters hoped for or his detractors feared. This article will examine public policymaking and administration under the Trump Administration. It will argue that while the 2016 electoral victories for Republicans gave Donald Trump an enormous opportunity to move his political agenda, several factors prevented that from occurring.

These factors include indecision on the part of the Trump presidency whether to move a policy agenda or cripple the administrative state; denial of personal responsibility for policies or actions, a failure to understand the constitutional underpinnings of American politics and policymaking, especially when it comes to administrative agency action; intra-party disputes; party polarization; ethical, legal, and impeachment issues; governmental inexperience; and an overall inability to appreciate the differences between the American presidency and business leadership.

Overall, the article describes the political context of the Trump presidency and to explain how it, the structure of American government, and the overall indifference or failure of the Trump administration to understand how the government works rendered this presidency far less effective than it could have been. The lesson of the Trump presidency for the USA and other states is despite rhetoric and claims that outsiders or nontraditional leaders can affect governmental and policy change, they are often ineffectual or dangerous.
Grounds for Pre-Contractual Liability of a Medical Organization
Authors: Boyarinova V. I.
Published: February 2022

The article examines the issue of the basis and such conditions of pre-contractual liability of a medical organization, such as wrongfulness and guilt. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the guilt and unlawfulness of a medical organization, when it is brought to pre-contractual liability, are supplemented by a condition of bad faith, which may complement guilt or wrongfulness or not be applied at all. In cases where the norms of the law are violated, an additional characterization of the behavior of a medical organization as unfair is not required.
Restriction of the Right to Leave the Russian Federation in the Presence of Alimony Arrears in Favor of Children: Some Problems of Legal Regulation and Law Enforcement Practice
Authors: Rubina I. E.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the problems of ensuring the recovery of alimony in favor of children, legal regulation and law enforcement practice of restricting the right to leave the Russian Federation in the presence of alimony arrears in favor of a child as an interim measure, violation of the debtor's rights; analyzes the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation and international treaties in the field of enforcement proceedings, focuses on the main mistakes of bailiffs when establishing restrictions on the right to leave. The author substantiates the expediency of excluding the temporary restriction of the right to leave the Russian Federation from the list of measures of compulsory maintenance of alimony obligations in respect of persons permanently residing outside the Russian Federation.
Pyoderma gangrenosum: problems related to the diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Patrushev A. V. , Samtsov A. V. , Barbinov V. V. , Sukharev A. V. , Belousova I. E.
Published: February 2022

The authors provide current data related to the etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical picture, differential diagnostics and treatment methods of pyoderma gangrenosum.
Immunohistochemistry method and diagnostics of mycosis fungoides
Authors: Zhukov A. S. , Belousova I. E. , Samtsov A. V.
Published: February 2022

Clinical patient examinations are not enough for diagnosing lymphoproliferative skin diseases now. Histological diagnostics is an important auxiliary method; however, it is not always applicable. PCR is not a universal method for determining the clonality of infiltrate cells. The article describes present-day diagnostics methods with an emphasis on the immunohistochemistry method making it possible to identify the cell composition of affected skin.
Clinical experience of using metronidazole as an external therapy of acne
Authors: Statsenko A. V. , Bozhchenko A. A. , Gorbunov YU. G. , Khairutdinov V. R.
Published: February 2022

Metrogyl gel for external use (metronidazole 1%) has an antioxidant activity and substantially reduces the production of active oxygen compounds by neutrophilic leukocytes in the skin. A combination therapy of light to moderate acne with the use of external retinoids and metronidazole can be more efficient than a monotherapy with the use of these drugs alone. Goal. To assess the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of Metrogyl gel for external use in a combination with Klenzit gel (adapalene 0.1%) for treatment of patients with acne vulgaris. Materials and methods. The authors conducted an open-label controlled study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Metrogyl gel for external use in a combination with Klenzit gel for external use. As many as 50 patients suffering from acne vulgaris took part in the study, which lasted for eight weeks. The subjects were subdivided into two groups: combination therapy (Group 1, n = 15) and monotherapy with the use of external retinoids (Group 2, n = 15). Results. Adverse effects such as dry skin and peeling were observed among the patients from Group 1 less often (by 3.3 times - 5/35 (14.3%) of cases) than in Group 2 (7/15 (46.7%) of cases) (p = 0.036). The total share of acne patients with clinical recovery and substantial improvement in Group 1 was 33/35 (94.3%), which is 41.4% as much as in Group 2 (10/15 (66.7%)) (p = 0.033). Conclusions. A combination of Metrogyl gel and external retinoids is more efficient than a monotherapy with the use of topical retinoid alone, and such a therapy demonstrates higher tolerability.
Genetic variants of U. parvum and their role in the development of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system
Authors: Rakhmatullina M. R. , Plakhova K. I. , Igonina O. N.
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the results of a study aimed at determining the frequency of different genetic variants of U. parvum in women with inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system and clinically healthy subjects. Molecular typing of 40 samples of U. parvum taken from women with different forms of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system was performed for the mba gene. The authors revealed a relationship between clinical manifestations of inflammatory diseases of the urogenital system caused by U. parvum and different U. parvum serovars. An infection with 6 U. parvum serovar results in the development of inflammatory processes in the form of cervicitis or vaginitis accompanied by subjective manifestations more frequently than an infection with other serovars under examination (1 and 3) (p < 0.05).
Acute inflammation phase proteins in cases of IgE-mediated and IgE-independent atopic dermatitis
Authors: Burdina A. V. , Zorina V. N. , Korotkiy N. G. , Shkolnikova T. V. , Zorin N. A.
Published: February 2022

Goal. To determine the blood serum level of α2-macroglobulin (α2-MG), α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT), lactoferrin (LF) and albumin in patients with IgE-mediated and IgE-independent atopic dermatitis (AD). Materials and methods. The authors tested blood serum of 60 adult patients suffering from atopic dermatitis at the exacerbation stage (30 patients with IgE-mediated and 30 patients with IgE-independent atopic dermatitis) and 20 healthy donors in order to determine the level of these proteins by rocket immunoelectrophoresis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoturbidimetry methods. Major results. The albumin level is reliably reduced in case of IgE-mediated AD while the LF and α1-AT levels are increased, and concentrations of LF α1-AT and a2-MG are increased as compared to healthy people. There are differences between the level of LF, α2-MG and α1-AT. There was a statistically significant correlation between the LF levels and SCORAD score in both forms, and α2-MG and α1-AT only in case of IgE-independent AD. Conclusion. These results confirm the difference in the roles of these polyfunctional proteins in the pathogenesis of IgE-mediated and IgE-independent AD.
Tomplete remission of pemphigus vulgaris after discontinuation maintenance prednisolone therapy
Authors: Mikheev G. N. , Sokolovskiy E. V. , Denisova T. V.
Published: February 2022

The authors describe a clinical observation of a case with 15 years remission between the first relapse and to the second relapse of pemphigus vulgaris. The review of clinical features and treatment methods, is also present.
Comparative characteristics of the results of fractional photothermolysis used for neck skin of women in different age groups
Authors: Kirsanova L. V. , Araviyskaya YE. R. , Sokolovsky YE. V. , Sokolov G. N. , Bogatenkov A. I.
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is scientific rationale for fractional photothermolysis usage to correct age-related changes of neck skin of women in different age groups. Materials and Methods. A comparative study of the results for fractional photothermolysis (FP) treatment in order to correct involutional changes in neck skin of 60 women in different age groups has been carried out (first group - 40-49 years old, second group - 50-60 years old). Skin moisture, its smoothness (relief), the width of the mouths of the pilosebaceous unit, the severity of pigmentation, the depth and width of wrinkles before the treatment, 1 week after and 1 month after the procedure have been investigated. Main results. After a week of having FP it affected all investigated functional skin parameters more in the 2nd age group than in the 1st one. Decreasing in moisture and smoothness of the skin, increasing the width and the depth of wrinkles, pores and pigmentation width have been marked. In one month there was more significant positive dynamics in parameters of smoothness, wrinkles width in the 2nd group (p < 10-8, p < 10-7) than in the 1st group (p = 0.002, p < 10-5). Hydration of the skin, the width of the mouths of the pilosebaceous unit, the depth of wrinkles and pigmentation changed more significantly among patients in group 1 (p < 10-7, p = 0.001, p < 10-5, p < 10-8). Conclusion. Skin functional parameters of patients from the first group deteriorated significantly less in comparison with the second group one week after PF procedure was carried out. 1 month after the 1st group is indicated with significant improvement in moisture, the width of the pilosebaceous unit, the depth of wrinkles and pigmentation, and the 2nd group is indicated with improvement of smoothness and width of wrinkles. The differences discovered in skin condition dynamics in different age groups should be considered when planning the aesthetic outcome of FP procedure.
Major directions in the development of specialized medical aid in the field of dermatovenerology
Authors: Martynov A. A. , Vlasova A. V.
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of a survey of the lines of development for specialized medical aid including high-end one taking into consideration the provisions set out in the Order issued by the President of the Russian Federation under No. 598 “On the improvement of the state policy in the field of health care” on May 7, 2012.
Photodynamic therapy for mycosis fungoides: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Hunger Robert E. , Sallam Mohamed , Yawalkar Nikhil
Published: February 2022

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. In early stages of the disease, topical therapeutic approaches like steroids, chemotherapy, phototherapy or spot radiation therapy are most commonly used. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely executed in the treatment of actinic keratosis and superficial basal cell carcinoma. The effective use of PDT for early forms of MF has been previously demonstrated in a series of cases. In this instance, the treatment of MF (n = 6, 11 lesions) with methyl alanine PDT (MAL-PDT) in 73% of the treated lesions showed a complete response. Within the timeframe of 25-51 months, no recurrence of the successfully treated lesions was observed, on the contrary some of the patients developed new lesions on different sites. Hence, this case study shows that patients having a single or few MF lesions can be successfully treated by PDT.
Systemic therapy of androgenic alopecia
Authors: Kondrakhina I. N. , Mareeva A. N.
Published: February 2022

The article describes the literature sources related to the efficacy of systemic therapy of androgenic alopecia in female and male.
Personalization of an anti-cytokine therapy of psoriatic patients
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Svishchenko S. I.
Published: February 2022

Goal. To develop a personalized approach to the administration of an anti-cytokine therapy to patients suffering from moderate to severe and severe forms of psoriasis based on clinical and immunological parameters. Materials and methods. The authors treated 79 patients suffering from moderate to severe and severe forms of psoriasis vulgaris using anti-cytokine drugs; they assessed the clinical efficacy of the therapy taking into account changes in the PASI index and assessed the levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, IL-20, IL-22, IL-31, IL-12, IL-11, IL-18), intercellular adhesion molecules, vascular endothelial growth factor (ICAM-1,VEGF) in the blood serum of patients prior to and in the process of treatment. Results. The authors determined the criteria for a personalized approach to the administration of anti-cytokine drugs.
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Authors: Chikin V. V. , Znamenskaya L. F. , Nefedova M. A. , Charikov V. A.
Published: February 2022

The article describes present-day information on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, treatment and differential diagnostics of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, an autoimmune skin disease caused by the production of anti-Type VII collagen autoantibodies and manifested mainly by subepidermal blisters and erosions. The authors present the results of a case study of a rare form of epidermolysis bullosa - epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in a male patient aged 53. A combined therapy with peroral prednisolone and subcutaneous injections of methotrexate had a positive effect in the form of epithelialization of most of the erosions.
Treatment of patients with severe and moderate acne
Authors: Perlamutrov YU. N. , Olhovskaya K. B.
Published: February 2022

Objective. To determine the effectiveness and safety ot the drug Sotret when treating patients with severe or moderate acne resistant to other therapies. Material and methods. The study included 30 people. Determining the severity ot acne was conducted using the DIA, the assessment ot quality ot lite - the scale ot CADI. In the acne treatment patients were using the drug Sotret as monotherapy. Results of the study. Sortret drug therapy contributed to erase the severe and rapid dynamics ot indicators DIA, the tormation ot clinical remission was reported in 93.33% ot patients. Adverse events were dose dependent and primarily recorded in the tirst three months ot the treatment. Use ot the drug by patients erase acne contributed to improving the quality ot lite at an average degree ot severity ot the disease at 93.53%, with a heavy - at 82.74%. Conclusion. The clinical etticacy expressed Sotret demonstrates its wide application
A combined topical therapy of chronic dermatoses
Authors: Filimonkova N. N. , Bakhlykova! YE. A.
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes literature sources on the etticacy ot the topical glucocorticosteroid therapy ot chronic dermatoses. Special attention is paid to evidence-based studies ot the etticacy and satety ot a combination therapy ot complicated chronic dermatoses using the Akriderm GK drug.
Naftifine hydrochloride in treatment of foot mycosis complicated with a bacterial infection and significant inflammatory reaction
Authors: Kotrekhova L. P.
Published: February 2022

Goal of the study. To compare the etticacy ot nattitine hydrochloride (Exoderil® cream) and combination cream comprising betamethasone dipropionate, clotrimazole and gentamicin sultate in treatment ot toot mycosis complicated with a bacterial intection and signiticant intlammatory reaction. Materials and methods. A single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label comparative study involved 75 patients aged 23-80 suttering trom toot mycosis complicated with a bacterial intection and signiticant intlammatory reaction. The patients were randomized in two groups. The tirst group comprised 36 patients receiving nattitine hydrochloride while the second one included 39 patients treated with a combination drug comprising betamethasone, clotrimazole and gentamicin. Results. The anti-bacterial etticacy ot nattitine and combination drug comprising betamethasone, clotrimazole and gentamicin was comparable. Complete sanitation ot the bacterial intection was achieved in 94% ot the patients in both groups. The antimycotic etticacy ot nattitine (Exoderil® cream) was reliably higher than that ot the three-component drug to amount to 97% and 82%, respectively (p = 0.03). Complete recovery was achieved in 92% ot the patients treated with nattitine hydrochloride cream and 82% ot the patients treated with the three-component drug (p = 0.22). Conclusion. Exoderil® cream (active substance: nattitine) is a highly etticient drug tor treatment ot ditterent clinical torms ot skin mycosis including those accompanied by a signiticant intlammatory reaction and/or concomitant bacterial intection.
Natamycin - antimycotic of polyene macrolides class with unusual properties
Authors: Malova I. O. , Petrunin D. D.
Published: February 2022

In the current literature review issues regarding physicochemical peculiarities, mechanism ot action and satety aspects ot polyene macrolides class compound natamycin are enlightened along with the extensive clinical data upon the use ot pharmaceuticals containing this active ingredient.
Main successes, achievements. Paths of development
Authors: Kubanova A. A. , Kubanov A. A. , Melekhina L. E. , Bogdanova E. V.
Published: February 2022

The article provides the overview of incidence of sexually transmitted infections and skin disorders over time in Russian Federation in 2004-2014 with its main positive tendencies; results of reorganisation of bed capacity of dermatovenerologic medical organizations; dermatovenerologic bed rates.
Syphilis incidence rate in the Russian Federation in 2010-2014
Authors: Kubanova A. A. , Kubanov A. A. , Melekhina L. E. , Bogdanova E. V.
Published: February 2022

The article provides the overview of main tendencies of incidence of syphilis in Russian Federation in 2010-2014, incidence over time and structure of early, late and unspecified syphilis and neurosyphilis.
Multidisciplinary model of sexually transmitted infection prevention in the group of injecting drug users
Authors: Krasnoselskikh T. V. , Shaboltas A. V. , Skochilov R. V. , Uraeva G. E.
Published: February 2022

The article summarizes the experience in developing, implementing and effectiveness evaluating of the sexually transmitted infection prevention program in the subpopulation of injecting drug users in St. Petersburg, Russia. The preventive intervention was aimed to correct behaviors leading to infection and was based on a multidisciplinary patient-centered approach. Long-term medical, social and psychological support of injecting drug users, combined with the group training sessions based on the peer-to-peer model has allowed to reduce their injecting and sexual risk, as well as to decrease the HIV infection incidence in the intervention group 1.84 times against the control group.
Immune pathogenesis of psoriasis
Authors: Khairutdinov V. R. , Belousova I. E. , Samtsov A. V.
Published: February 2022

The article presents current information about the immune mechanisms of psoriasis. Inflammation in the skin of psoriasis patients is considered as an autoimmune process, in which a key role is played by T-cells sensitized to keratinocytes. One of the most probable self-antigens that trigger an immune inflammation in psoriasis may be cytosolic DNA. We describe the functions of the subpopulations of immune cells and the effects of secreted cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriasis: the dendritic cells - langerhans cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, CD11c+ dendritic cells ; T-cells - T helper type 1 and 17, cytotoxic t lymphocytes, T-regulatory lymphocytes. Important role in the development of relapses of psoriasis is plays a formation in the skin of patients with T-cell memory and intradermal proliferation of T-cells.
Facial skin follllicular hyperkeratosis of patients with basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhuchkov M. V. , Bychkova Yu. S. , Tarasova M. A.
Published: February 2022

This article provides a clinical observation of paraneoplastic syndrome of a patient with basal cell carcinoma of skin. Authors present clinical features of the described for the first time, paraneoplastic retentional follicular hyperkeratosis of facial area.
Feasibility of combination the outer antibakterialnoy therapy and preparation azelaic acid for treatment of acne
Authors: Dombrovskaya D. K. , Monakhov K. N.
Published: February 2022

The review presents modern views on the pathogenesis of acne. The data of foreign and domestic clinical trials to study the efficacy and safety of drugs containing 1% clindamycin and 15% azelaic acid used to treat acne. The mechanisms of the effects of these drugs on the main elements of the pathogenesis of acne. Substantiates the appropriateness of the drug combination of clindamycin and azelaic acid in the treatment of acne patients.
Etiological features of onychomycosis in the Krasnodar territory. Choice of method systemic therapy
Authors: Tlish M. M. , Kuznetsova T. G. , Psavok F. A.
Published: February 2022

Successful treatment of onychomycosis associated with the necessity of microbiological research aimed at the selection of culture with proven etiological significance. Features of morphological and functional characteristics of the nail, poly etiology of onychomycosis, the availability of labor input in the use of topical antifungal drugs and irrational approaches to the treatment of various forms of the disease, as well as the duration and high cost of treatment create difficulties in the treatment of this contingent of patients . Goal. To study the etiology of onychomycosis in the Krasnodar region, and a comparative analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of antifungal drug regimens "Irunine". Materials and methods. A total of 64 patients (39 men and 25 women) with complaints about the change of nail plates in the hands and feet. The diagnosis of onychomycosis was established for 46 (71.88%) patients, of which 2 patients in the study group were not included. The rest were randomly selected and divided into 2 equivalent groups of 22 patients. Patients of the 1st group received "Irunine" by the method of pulse - therapy, and the patients in group 2 on continuous therapy scheme. Results. In the study of the samples from the nail plates, the major causative agent of onychomycosis was T. rubrum - 61,37%. Candida spp. was diagnosed in 11%. Equally often - at 9.09%, were the growth of T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale and T. tonsurans. Furthermore, associations have been identified T. rubrum and Candida albicans - 6,82%, T. rubrum and Aspergillus versicolor - 2,27%. The result of our study showed a high clinical and mycological efficacy of the drug "Irunine" in the treatment of onychomycosis. Comparative analysis of this drug therapy results showed that the method of pulse therapy, compared with continuous therapy scheme is more efficient and economically advantageous, since it allows to reduce the amount of drugs, and therefore significantly reduce the risk of adverse reactions and improve its tolerability. Conclusion. The findings suggest that the leading position in patients with onychomycosis mycobiota hold dermatomitsetami genus Trichophyton. Pulse therapy with "Irunine" is a priority and can be recommended for use as a systemic drug for the treatment of onychomycosis, as a highly effective and safe drug.
Nodular skin melanomas and dermatoscopic diagnostic therein
Authors: Zhuchkov M. V. , Tarasova M. A. , Sonin D. B.
Published: February 2022

Aim. The study of dermatoscopic pattern characteristics of nodular melanoma with the use of modified Kittler’s pattern analysis. Materials and methods. Clinical and dermatoscopis images of 127 patients with histologically distinctive nodular form of skin melanoma were examined. Nonpolarized dermoscopy of nodular melanoma foci was carried out to patients. Interpretation of obtained dermatoscopic images was performed with the use of pattern analysis modified by Harold Kittler. Main results. The two most important dermatoscopic features of nodular melanoma that distinguish it from other clinical types of this malignant tumor were revealed in our investigation: 1) the prevalence of dermatoscopis images with one pattern (structureless); 2) the prevalence of “grey dots, circles, clods” and “black peripheral dots and clods” as main features of nodular melanoma.
Differential diagnostics of bullous dermatoses
Authors: Kubanov A. A. , Znamenskaya L. F. , Abramova T. V.
Published: February 2022

Bullous dermatoses are the diseases characterized by vesication and erosion of skin and/or mucos coats, production of autoantibodies against the structural components of epidermis and/or derma. The most frequent diseases of these disorders are pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, beningn familial chronic pemphigus (Gougerot Hailey-Hailey disease).Diagnostics of bullous dermatoses is based on assessement of clinical signs, results of cytological and histological studies and immunological tests. However none of the current diagnostic methods allows to reveal bullous dermatosis severally and with absolute certainty. Consequently it is necessary to perform wide range of clinical and laboratory tests for early diagnosis and treatment order.
Тіе Modern treatment of androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Karnaukhov V. K. , Lukyanova A. A. , Lukashina M. I. , Vorobeva E. S. , Afanasov I. M.
Published: February 2022

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common reason for hair loss. Its frequency in Caucasian population is up to 80% in men and 42% in women. Current gold standard for AGA treatment includes minoxidil and/or finasteride. Both drugs have moderate treatment efficacy and can cause significant side effects. Minoxidil is the only option for treatment of AGA in women since finasteride has no efficacy. This review considers actual concepts of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and current treatment options of AGA with their limitations and shortcomings. Current state and perspectives of novel approaches to AGA treatment, potentially more effective and safe than minoxidil and finasteride, are described. The review discusses growth factors and cytokines, topical 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, androgen receptor antagonists, prostaglandin analogs and antagonists, Wnt signaling activators and platelet-rich plasma injections.