bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of real-world incidence of EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations among patients with NSCLC in five Asian markets, stratified by testing methodology.
Authors: De Richter Pieter , Koo Mei Yee
Published: July 2024

e20622

Background: Despite the arrival of drugs targeting EGFR exon 20 insertions mutations (ex20ins) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), testing practices for this specific mutation vary widely between hospitals. In addition, there is a lack of real world data on incidence of ex20ins in different countries in Asia. This study tracks real-world ex20ins incidence by country/region as well as by methodology across 5 different Asian markets. Methods: Ipsos’ Exon 20 Insertion Tracker is an ongoing physician-reported syndicated study. Hospitals in Asia (n = 7 in South Korea; n = 5 in Taiwan; n = 4 in India; n = 5 in Thailand; n = 1 in Hong Kong) were asked to submit data on total number of NSCLC patients tested for EGFR mutations using single marker tests vs multi-gene panel tests, and subsequently asked how many tested positive for ex20ins. Data were collected online on a regular basis from September 2022 in South Korea and Taiwan, from January 2023 in India, and from September 2023 in Thailand and Hong Kong, until December 2023 in all markets. A total of n = 7,657 EGFR-tested patients in South Korea, n = 2,260 in Taiwan, n = 3,970 in India, n = 407 in Thailand and n = 114 in Hong Kong were reported on. Results: Incidence of ex20ins was markedly higher in Hong Kong (3.5%) and Taiwan (3.7%) than in South Korea (1.6%), India (1.4%) and Thailand (1.0%), pointing to a potentially higher incidence in Greater China compared to other parts of Asia. Among this cohort, the use of panel testing for EGFR mutations was highest in India (99%) and lowest in Taiwan (1%). Across the markets, incidence of ex20ins appears to be somewhat higher among those tested with single-marker EGFR tests (2.2%) than those tested with panel-based tests (1.4%), although the opposite was observed in Thailand and Hong Kong. Conclusions: In this large study based on testing results from over 14,400 EGFR-tested patients across 5 different markets in Asia, clear differences in observed incidence of ex20ins mutations were observed, with the incidence in Taiwan being nearly 4 times as high as that in Thailand. This highlights that different testing and biomarker sequencing strategies may be necessary in markets with the highest observed incidence. A secondary finding from this study is that test methodology does appear to have an impact on observed incidence, though this is in part due to very different testing approaches (single-marker vs panel-based) between markets, with the majority of hospitals included in the study in Taiwan preferring a single-marker approach. [Table: see text]
Cold prevention of alopecia during chemotherapy: Real clinical practice.
Authors: Fedorinov Denis , Lyadova Marina , Tuleiko Veronika , Kuzmina Evgenia , Zhuravleva Anastasia , Bikmurzina Olesya
Published: July 2024

e24132

Background: Alopecia is one of the most common visible adverse effects of anticancer drug therapy. The incidence of grade 2 alopecia can be as high as 90% in patients getting anthracyclines or taxanes. Decreased scalp temperature causes vasoconstriction which limits the flow of chemotherapeutic agents into the scalp and reduces the metabolism of hair follicle cells at the time of maximum concentration of cytotoxic agents in plasma. This leads to a decrease in the antimitotic and antimetabolic effects of chemotherapy. ORBIS II scalp cooling device has been successfully implemented in comprehensive oncology centers. However, the results of large-scale studies are still lacking which delays application of this technology in clinical practice. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alopecia cold prophylaxis using ORBIS device in a regional referral center in Russia. Methods: Between 22 June 2022 and 13 December 2023 101 patients (100 women and 1 man) were treated using ORBIS II in the Department of Chemotherapy N1, City Clinical Cancer Hospital N1, Moscow. Various combinations of chemotherapeutic agents depending on cancer type were administered. Breast cancer was the most common type (63), followed by ovarian (15), uterine (9), lung (6) and cervical cancer (3). Other primaries were represented by 1 patient each: pancreatic, rectal, gastric, fallopian tube and colon cancer. Totally 431 scalp cooling procedures were performed including 261 (61%) in breast cancer and 78 (18%) in ovarian cancer patients. Outcomes were evaluated using the CTCAE/CTCAE V5.0 toxicity criteria. We evaluated the development of 1 grade alopecia (hair loss of less than 50% and not requiring a wig) as a positive result. On the contrary, a negative result was registered in patients with grade 2 alopecia, namely hair loss of 50% or more and/or requiring a wig. Results: Grade 1 alopecia was experienced by 61% of patients and the other 39% had grade 2 alopecia. Notably, the highest incidence of grade 2 alopecia was observed in patients who received doxorubicin 60 mg/cm2 + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/cm2 once every 21 days (9.9%). Taxane-based regimens had a 21% incidence of grade 2 alopecia, while platinum-containing regimens had a 11% incidence. No serious adverse events occurred during the application of cold prophylaxis. The procedure was well-tolerated by all patients. Conclusions: The use of a cold helmet is an effective method of preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia. Our analysis yielded a success rate of 61%, which is comparable to the worldwide data range of 50% to 80%.
Nanosimilars: A Scientific or A Regulatory Debate?
Authors: Demetzos Costas
Published: July 2024

The paper highlights the necessity for a robust regulatory framework for assessing nanomedicines and their off-patent counterparts, termed as nanosimilar, which could be considered as ‘similar’ to the prototype nanomedicine,based on essential criteria describing the ‘similarity’. The term ‘similarity’ should be focused on criteria that describe nanocarriers, encompassing their physicochemical, thermodynamic, morphological, and biological properties, including surface interactions and pharmacokinetics. Nanocarriers can be regarded as advanced self-assembled excipients (ASAEs) due to their complexity and chaotic behavior and should be evaluated by using essential criteria in order for off-patent nanomedicines be termed as nanosimilars, from a regulatory perspective. Collaboration between the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory bodies, and artificial intelligence (AI) startups is pivotal for the precise characterization and approval processes for nanomedicines and nanosimilars and embracing innovative tools and terminology facilitates the development of a sustainable regulatory framework, ensuring safety and efficacy. This crucial shift toward precision R&D practices addresses the complexity inherent in nanocarriers, paving the way for therapeutic advancements with economic benefits.

Graphical Abstract
Enhanced optical pumping using mutually orthogonal magnetic fields for quantum sensing
Authors: Mandal Sudip , Singh Grewal Raghwinder , Pradhan Swarupananda
Published: July 2024

The atomic population trapped in irrelevant atomic states is a limiting factor for sensors based on laser-atom interaction. Using a bi-chromatic light field along with a specific combination of magnetic fields, we show a significant increase in the amplitude (i.e., more than seven times) of a two-photon coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance, which can be effectively used for atomic magnetometry. This increase in amplitude can be explained through enhanced optical pumping via the transfer of population to the relevant Zeeman states. Our experimental observations are consistent with the theoretical calculations carried out for a realistic three-level atomic system using density matrix formalism. We further discuss the optimum condition for enhanced optical pumping by adjusting the ground-state decoherence rate. Enhanced optical pumping through the manipulation of the magnetic field is quite important and is of great interest in the field of quantum technology.
Insulin Dynamics and Pathophysiology in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Abu-Nejem Rozan , Hannon Tamara S
Published: July 2024

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing around the globe. The mounting disease burden of youth-onset T2D portends substantial consequences for the health outcomes of young people and for health care systems. The pathophysiology of this condition is characterized by insulin resistance and initial insulin hypersecretion ± an inherent insulin secretory defect, with progressive loss of stimulated insulin secretion leading to pancreatic β-cell failure. Research studies focusing on youth-onset T2D have illuminated key differences for youth- vs adult-onset T2D, with youth having more profound insulin resistance and quicker progression to loss of sufficient insulin secretion to maintain euglycemia. There is a need for therapies that are targeted to improve both insulin resistance and, importantly, maintain sufficient insulin secretory function over the lifespan in youth-onset T2D.
Subdural Spread of Local Anesthetic Mimicking Cerebrovascular Accident: A Case Report of Horner’s Syndrome, Upper Limb Paresthesia, and Motor Weakness After Thoracic Epidural Analgesia
Authors: Measer Jacqueline , Gray Andrew , Braehler Matthias
Published: July 2024

A 53-year-old woman underwent a thoracic epidural placement for a scheduled laparotomy. Postoperatively the patient had no appreciable epidural level after multiple epidural boluses and was noted to be severely hypotensive with right upper extremity weakness and numbness. She subsequently developed right-sided Horner’s syndrome with worsening right upper extremity weakness and decreased sensation from C6 to T1. She regained full motor and sensory function in her right upper extremity with epidural removal. This unusual case raises awareness of the variability in the presentation of subdural spread and provides an example of an epidural complication that can mimic a cerebrovascular accident (CVA).
Rodzina przybrana w rodzie Radziwiłłów. Problemy badawcze (przyczynek do badań nad magnacką rodziną przybraną w XVI–XVIII w.)
Authors: Liedke Marzena
Published: July 2024

Badania nad rodziną przybraną czy zrekonstruowaną (stepfamily, blended family, patchwork family) są mocno zaawansowane w historiografii zachodnioeuropejskiej. Na gruncie polskiej literatury przedmiotu nie publikowano dotąd wyników systematycznych badań nad tą kwestią. Spojrzenie na problem rodziny przybranej w rodzie Radziwiłłów jest kolejną próbą autorki zaszczepienia tej tematyki na gruncie rodzimej historiografii. W artykule wskazano, którzy z męskich przedstawicieli rodu w okresie XVI–XVIII w. stworzyli rodzinę przybraną (15 przypadków) i jak wiele dzieci Radziwiłłów funkcjonowało w takiej rodzinie lub było z nią związanych. Przedstawiono też katalog problemów wynikających z badania magnackiej rodziny przybranej (m.in. kwestie dziedziczenia, wspólnego lub nie zamieszkiwania dzieci z poprzednich związków itp.) oraz wskazano przykłady: konfliktu w stepfamily i, z drugiej strony, względnie harmonijnego funkcjonowania jej członków.
Patrons of Parish Churches in the Diocese of Rockville Centre, New York
Authors: Nabozny Marcin
Published: July 2024

From the very beginning of the Catholic Church, the intercession of saints has played an important role in Christian religious life. Each newly built church was dedicated to a mystery of faith or to a particular saint who was worshipped in that place. Over the years, the dedication of the church would also become the dedication of the parish. This article discusses names of the parishes of the Diocese of Rockville Centre, which was formed in 1957. The study covered 133 parishes. According to the scheme used in the literature, all the names are divided into Trinitarian, Christological, Marian, angelic, and hagiographical names. Double dedications are discussed separately, and the dedications of parishes established after the formation of the Diocese of Rockville Centre are shown.
Revista Maguén-Escudo. Repositorio emocional de la comunidad judía de Venezuela y de la diáspora sefardí.
Authors: Peña Angulo Jo-ann
Published: July 2024

Las migraciones y sus diásporas alrededor del mundo consiguen en los medios de comunicación una fuente para historiar su naturaleza y devenir histórico. En el caso de la comunidad judía venezolana, la revista Maguén-Escudo creada en 1970 y cuyo sitio web contiene toda su producción histórica, constituye el principal repositorio y órgano de divulgación de la cultura judía en el país. En ella, las emociones, los sentimientos y las sensibilidades navegan al unísono de las crónicas, los artículos, reseñas y ensayos. Descubrir las tramas emocionales –tácitas y explícitas– dentro de sus textos nos permite estudiar desde otra perspectiva, la historia de las migraciones. Desde las reflexiones teóricas de Barbara Rosenwein y Margrit Pernau estudiamos la revista Maguén-Escudo como fuente para indagar en las emociones que encierran los significados de su propia historia para la diáspora sefardí dentro y fuera de Venezuela.
Práctica de comunicación cinematográfica emergente: cuerpos en movimiento en Terra estrangeira (1995), de Walter Salles y Daniela Thomas.
Authors: Zambrano Lilibeth
Published: July 2024

N En el presente trabajo nos proponemos mostrar cómo el cine constituye un medio de comunicación particular y emergente, para la comprensión de las identidades dislocadas, en procesos de desterritorialización y reterritorialización de los cuerpos en tránsito permanente. De este modo, nos interesa dar cuenta de las nuevas territorialidades de espacios identitarios en conflicto, en escenarios transglocales ambivalentes e inciertos. Observaremos cómo se configura un tercer espacio de la enunciación cinematográfica, como lugar intersticial escindido, como inscripción y articulación de la hibridez de corporeidades en continuo desplazamiento. En este sentido, nuestro propósito fundamental será estudiar Terra estrangeira (1995), de Walter Salles y Daniela Thomas, como medio audiovisual que diseña mecanismos de construcción de las identidades problemáticas de los inmigrantes, como fuente de interpretación de las sensibilidades y emociones de las subjetividades en tránsito. Este estudio se llevará a cabo a partir de los aportes de la Teoría de la comunicación de Jesús Martin Barbero y las reflexiones teóricas de Arjun Appadurai y Homi Bhabha.
Endogenous Inequality in Decentralized Two-Sided Markets
Authors: Kuksov Dmitri
Published: July 2024

Inequality may be a unique outcome in symmetric markets with two-sided search.
Tumour-to-tumour metastasis: a rare case of prostate cancer metastasising to primary lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hamadi Rachelle , Karam Imad , Khan Salman , Homsy Sylvester , Carol Luhrs Carol Luhrs
Published: July 2024

Tumour-to-tumour metastasis (TTM) is a rare phenomenon that clinicians should be aware of when evaluating patients with a history of prostate cancer. We present the diagnosis and management of an 80-year-old former smoker with high-risk prostate cancer, who developed a lung nodule consistent with TTM. The patient had concurrent primary lung adenocarcinoma and metastatic prostate cancer, making this a unique case of dual primary and metastatic malignancies. The complexity of this case highlights the need for comprehensive evaluation and interdisciplinary management in patients with multiple malignancies. The literature review reveals that these are extremely rare occurrences, with most cases involving metastasis to the second primary tumour. Despite the challenges in diagnosing preoperatively, it is important to consider TTM as a possibility in patients with prostate cancer who present with a lung nodule. This report presents one of the few documented cases of TTM. It also reviews relevant cases in the literature and discusses the current situation in relation to established criteria for classifying combination tumours.
Catamenial haemorrhagic pleural effusion caused by thoracic endometriosis, which was controlled by surgery undertaken after failed medical management
Authors: Hassanein Mahmoud Farouk Kamel , Herminie Venessa , James Nuhu Teri , Chetty Danisela
Published: July 2024

Haemorrhagic pleural effusion can be a challenging diagnosis that requires a thorough investigation and sometimes a multidisciplinary team of physicians to reach the underlying aetiology. Causes can include pulmonary malignancy, pulmonary infections, connective tissue diseases, asbestos associated, intra-abdominal conditions such as pancreatitis and ovarian tumours, cardiovascular disorders such as ruptured aneurysms and pulmonary infarction, as well as other miscellaneous causes. One such cause is endometriosis in the thoracic cavity. Endometriosis is a chronic illness associated with the occurrence of endometrial tissue outside the endometrium. Insertion of endometrial tissue in the thoracic cavity is rare, with only a few cases described. This case report gives detail of a 30-year-old nulligravida suspected of having thoracic endometriosis following a history of catamenial dyspnoea and associated pleural effusion. The diagnosis was confirmed through the histopathological study of tissue obtained via thoracoscopic surgery. Excision of the endometrial tissue was done, and the patient then continued medical treatment with progestins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists. Following therapy, the index patient was asymptomatic. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed in the diagnosis and management of thoracic endometriosis, involving both medical and surgical specialities. Minimally invasive surgery is the gold standard of diagnosis, allowing for direct visualisation of implants and nodules and should be followed by medical treatment to reduce the risk of recurrence. Medical therapy alone is associated with higher rates of recurrence. Physicians must have a high degree of suspicion as thoracic endometriosis is a disease that can often be missed.
Effectiveness of Calina Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract on The Red Blood Profile of Wistar Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Setiawan Haris , Ariesti Wiwin
Published: July 2024

Cigarette smoke is a source of exogenous free radicals that can affect the blood. Calina Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Calina Papaya leaves using DPPH method and to analyze the difference in red blood profile of wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke after administration of Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanol Extract (CPLEE). The research method used 24 wistar rats with oral administration of CPLEE for 23 days and exposure to cigarette smoke for 15 days. There are 4 treatments, namely rats not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water (K), rats exposed to cigarette smoke (KN), rats given CPLEE 100 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P1) and rats given CPLEE 200 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P2). Parameters observed were red blood profile (erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW). Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results showed the IC50 value of the extract was 1,194.1 ppm while ascorbic acid was 22.92 ppm. The number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH and RDW showed significant differences between groups with the highest treatment in P1. The conclusion shows that the antioxidant activity of CPLEE is very weak compared to ascorbic acid but the red blood profile (erythrocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) in treatment P1 is higher than other treatments.
Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Turmeric Plants (Curcuma longa L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Irvanita Deva Anggun , Rohmantin Dita , Adz-Dzikir Fatihatuljannah , Sari Tri Puspita , Jinan Rifa Fatma , Aji Oktira Roka
Published: July 2024

Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in a mutualistic relationship with their hosts. They can produce secondary metabolites that are similar to the host plant. Turmeric plants (Curcuma longa L) are highly valued for their medicinal properties and contain active compounds in their rhizomes that act as antibacterials. This study aimed to measure the inhibitory effect of endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes against the growth of two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The study involved isolating fungi, observing macroscopic and microscopic morphology, and testing the antibacterial activity of turmeric endophytic fungi against E. coli and S. aureus. A type of endophytic fungi was successfully isolated from the turmeric plant. The morphological characteristics of the endophytic fungi from turmeric plants include a white colour with a cotton-like texture, umbonate topography, radial lines, and concentric circles. In contrast, the microscopic characteristics include septate hyphae and conidia. Turmeric endophytic fungi were found to inhibit both pathogenic bacteria with inhibition zones of 19.25 mm (strong) against E. coli and 13.75 mm (strong) against S. aureus. In conclusion, this study successfully isolated endophytic fungi from turmeric plants that can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. However, further identification of the strain and activity tests is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the bioactive compounds in inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
Leadership Management Of The Chairman Foundation Coordinating Education Unit Management
Authors: Rasid Rasid , Nasir Nasir
Published: July 2024

Problem: The governance of the education unit under the auspices of the foundation is not coordinated measurably in terms of milestones. Purpose: This paper provides direction for the leadership management strategy of the foundation’s chairman in coordinating the management of educational units. Methods: Collection of data and information using observation, direct interviews, the Delpy method, documentation, and physical artifacts. Inductive, process, and goal-oriented Result: the head of the foundation carries out a transformative leadership management strategy coordinating with the management strategy, and coordinating with the educational unit.  The pattern of transformative leadership as a strategy for adapting a harmonious and productive democratic leadership model in mobilizing school principals and teachers to the demands of changes in the management information and technology-based education units, as well as student-oriented leadership strategy that emphasizes the quality of management of educational units under the foundation’s internal supervision, governance of quality-oriented foundations in educational units, developing the quality of teaching and educational staff resources, developing facilities and infrastructure, involving parent of students and benchmarking in educational unit at the same level.
Nursing students' engagement in online learning
Authors: O'Connor Shelley
Published: July 2024

Reliance on digital technology may have implications for our social and economic wellbeing, including factors such as health, environmental quality, social interaction, and educational levels. Although there may be concerns, it is important to acknowledge that digital technology also offers immediate, cost-effective and accessible solutions that are transforming various services. The COVID-19 pandemic, through the disruption of educational systems worldwide, has accelerated the transformation of higher education, leading to changes in the way it is perceived. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the relationship between digital poverty, digital literacy, and students' online experiences. This article aims to explore the engagement of nursing students in online learning post COVID.
Feasibility of implementing a remote system for lymphoedema conservative therapy: a case study
Authors: Matsumoto Chisato , Yang Rui , Okazaki Mutsumi , Konya Chizuko , Dai Misako
Published: July 2024

Background:

Poor access to lymphoedema specialists and communication between them and patients prevents appropriate lymphoedema management. Therefore, development and dissemination of remote systems is necessary to improve care in rural areas with limited medical personnel or access to medical coordination.

Aims:

The authors evaluated the elements required for providing patient education on conservative therapy for lymphoedema, to determine the feasibility of remote management.

Methods:

The study involved connecting a health professional in a local clinic (point A) treating a patient with lymphoedema, who was present alongside the clinician, with a specialist certified lymphoedema therapist (CLT) located remotely in a university (point B).

Findings:

The CLT was able to greet, interview and provide guidance to the patient on conservative therapy. Direct contact with the patient was not possible, which limited visualisation, palpation, leg circumference measurement, and lymphatic drainage management.

Conclusion:

The findings suggest that remote a lymphoedema management approach involving conservative therapy benefits both patients and health professionals, particularly in rural regions. Future studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of this approach to confirm adequate treatment.
Standardized Extract from the Gotu Kola Leaves Improves Suicidal Behavior in Stressed Rats Subjected to Social Isolation
Authors: Thakurdesai Prasad Arvind , Nimse Savita Raju , Kore Padmaja Santosh , Aswar Urmila Manoj
Published: July 2024

The leaves of Centella asiatica L. Urban (C. asiatica) and their bioactive compounds, triterpenoids asiaticoside (AS) and madecassoside (MA), are effective in reducing psychological stress and associated behavioral disorders in the conducted in vivo research. The present study evaluated AS+MA-based standardized C. asiatica leaves extract (INDCA) on SIS-induced suicidal behavior-related traits in laboratory rats. Male rats (n=6) were randomized, grouped, and individually caged for seven days for stress induction. For the next seven days (D7 to D14), rats were orally administered vehicle (stress control), positive control (fluoxetine, 30 mg/kg), and or INDCA (3, 10, 30 mg/kg) once a day. A separate group of rats without isolation stress (normal rats) was maintained. The scores for suicidal behavior-related traits, such as aggression, impulsivity, irritability, learned helplessness, and plasma cortisol, were measured after 14-day treatment. The stress control group showed a significant increase in aggression, irritability (total score), learned helplessness (escape latency, escape failure, and recovery attempts), and plasma cortisol levels, which confirmed suicidal behavior-related traits. The INDCA-treated rats showed a dose-dependent reduction in stress-induced behavioral traits and elevated plasma cortisol levels. In conclusion, subacute administration of INDCA showed amelioration of suicidal behavior in social-isolation-induced stress in laboratory rats and suggested a promising natural and safe option for the management of stress-induced behavioral disorders, including suicidal behavior.
Psidium guajava: A Review on Its Pharmacological and Phytochemical Constituents
Authors: Kareem Ashwaq T. , Kadhim Enas J.
Published: July 2024

Psidium guajava, belonging to the Myrtaceae family, thrives in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. This important tropical fruit finds widespread cultivation in countries like India, Indonesia, Syria, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and South America. Throughout its various parts, including fruits, leaves, and barks, guava boasts a rich reservoir of bioactive compounds that have been traditionally utilized as folkloric herbal medicines, offering numerous therapeutic applications. Within guava, an extensive array of Various compounds with antioxidative properties and phytochemical constituents are present, including essential oils, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, enzymes, triterpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. Notably, different components of the plant, comprising leaves and fruits, contribute to a spectrum of medicinal benefits. These encompass antimicrobial potency and potential anti-cancer properties. This study Investigates the phytochemical constituent and pharmacological activity of Guava by using previous studies and reports to collect more information about the guava plant. versatile properties extend to various therapeutic domains. The fruit has showcased its potential in domains like antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-allergy, and anti-plasmodial effects. Both guava leaves and fruits have been historically employed to address an array of conditions, including gastroenteritis, hypertension, diabetes, dental caries, and pain relief. While guava's pharmacological attributes are well-recognized, also all parts of guava have many phytochemical constituents. This review study shows the most important phytochemical constituents and pharmacological properties, it is vital to emphasize the need for further research. Enhanced understanding of the main mechanisms of action and the possible health advantages associated with guava necessitates continued investigation.
Screening of Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors from Argemone mexicana Leaves
Authors: Manoharan Sowmya Priya , Yadav Sangilimuthu Alagar , Suvathika Gnanaselvan , Anandhan Priyadharshini , Pandiyan Balamurugan
Published: July 2024

Background: Phosphoinositide 3 kinase belongs to the enzyme family which is responsible for the development of cellular trafficking and uncontrolled cellular division which in turn to cancer metastasis. Activation of the PI3k-Akt-mTOR pathway tends to promote oncogenesis in Lung Cancer and its mutation leads to resistance in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Objective: Inhibition of the initial PI3k receptor through natural bioactive phytocompounds from Argemone mexicana that may prevent the side effects caused by the synthetic medication and improve the patient's life quality as natural medicine. Method: According to the previous research we did the Bioactive phytochemical screening from the methanol extract (AME) and powder (AMP) of A. mexicana leaf by analysing the GC-MS (Agilent), UPLC-QTOF-ESI-MS (Waters India Pvt Limited). Analyzed phytochemicals from the studies were subjected to molecular docking analysis using SeeSAR 9.2 software against PI3K (PDP ID: 4FA6) receptor. Result: GC-MS revealed 40 compounds including Cryptopine (17.5), beta-sitosterol (9.57), and Protopine (8.6) were found as major compounds. LC-MS analysis showed the presence of major compounds with 13 elements compared to the literature survey in both positive and negative ESI ranges. 29 compounds from the GC-MS and LC-MS were selected for analyzing the interaction between the cancer receptor-ligand complex according to the binding strategy. Conclusion: Phytoconstituents such as Galactitol, Succinic acid and N-feruloyltryamine from A. mexicana showed good binding affinity range and maximised hydrogen bonding that may assure possessing anticancer effect by controlling the PI3K pathway. This study would lead a major role in the preliminary screening of Drug Targets against the PI3K receptor.
The Effect of Ájuga Turkestánica on the Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle Ion Channels
Authors: Zoirovich Omonturdiev Sirojiddin , ugli Abdullaev Izzatullo Ziyoyiddin , Raxmatillayevich Inomjonov Dolimjon , Umarjonovich Maxmudov Lazizbek , Ravshanovna Zaripova Mehrangiz , Narimanovna Gayibova Sabina , Gapparjanovich Gayibov Ulugbek , Fatikhovich Aripov Takhir
Published: July 2024

According to the literature, Ájuga turkestánica extract has an effective impact on diseases of the cardiovascular system. Aortic smooth muscle ion transport systems play an important role in the development of these diseases1. This study investigated the effects of Ájuga turkestánica extract on ion transport systems in rat aortic smooth muscle preparations under isometric conditions in vitro, and it was found that this extract exerts a strong dose-dependent relaxant effect on the contraction induced by KCl (50 mM) From the obtained results, the effect of this extract on potential-dependent Ca2+ channels was estimated, and in order to confirm the assumption, it was compared with verapamil, a specific blocker of this channel, and the effect of Ájuga turkestánica extract on potential-dependent Ca2+ channels was determined. In the course of the studies, it was assumed that the investigated extract affects not only the potential-dependent Ca2+ channels, but also the receptor-dependent Ca2+ channels, the Ca2+ transport system in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and the endothelium-dependent relaxation mechanisms. According to the results of the study, it was found that Ájuga turkestánica extract has an effective effect on these ion transport systems (the results obtained are described in detail in the article below).
Correlation Between Serum and Tear Fluid Interleukin 6 Levels in Day and Night Shift Health Care Workers
Authors: R Hemalathaa , R Suryapriya , N Divya , E Keerthika , B Tamil Selvi , Ananthi N , Brethis C S
Published: July 2024

Background: Night shift work is associated with several long-term health complications including metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease along with various adverse health effects. This study was planned and conducted to learn the impact of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a chronic inflammatory cytokine among day and night shift health care workers, and to correlate the relationship between the serum and tear fluid IL 6. Aim and Objective: To correlate the relationship between serum and tear fluid Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in day and night shift healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a Cross-Sectional study with 100 (fifty-day shift and fifty-night shift) participants including medical, paramedical students, and lab technicians. Blood and tear samples were collected from both groups. SPSS version 26.0 was used to analyze the data using Pearson’s correlation, chi-square test, and ROC. An Independent student’s t-test was used to examine the differences between the mean scores. p-value < 0.05 is considered significant. Results: Serum and tear IL-6 levels were significantly increased in night shift workers when compared to day shift workers with p-value < 0.0001. There was a positive correlation between tear and serum IL-6 levels (r value 0.732 and 0.624) among day and night shift workers respectively. A high prevalence of dry eye syndrome in night shift workers (40%) when compared to day shift workers (14%). In ROC analysis, tear IL-6 shows the highest area under the curve (0.935) compared to serum IL-6 (0.883) which reveals the superiority of tear fluid analysis and suggests that tear fluid can be used as a minimally invasive technique to analyze IL-6 alternative to serum IL-6 analysis. Conclusion: This study concludes that tear and serum Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is proportionately increased in night shift workers compared to day shift workers with a positive correlation. It also suggests that tear fluid can be used as a minimally invasive technique and a superior method to analyze IL-6.
Effect of Artemisia Vulgaris on Liver of Albino Mice Exposed to Cisplatin
Authors: Abbood Alaa Saadi , Faisal Anwer Jaber , Al-Imam Mokhtar jawad
Published: July 2024

The herb Arte(also known as Artemisia V.) is widely used to treat a variety of illnesses, including gastrointestinal disorders, infections, and fungal infections. The antibacterial component that makes this ingredient so beneficial and essential for treating septicemia is the prebiotic. This study looked at how Artemisia vulgaris L. protected rats' livers from the toxic treatment cisplatin. In virtual medicine, cisplatin is frequently employed. Numerous forms of human cancer, such as advanced cancer, uterine cancer, esophageal cancer, advanced privacy, and ovarian cancer, have been successfully treated with it. infection from other illnesses, like disease. In this experiment, thirty 25–30 g white secretive mice aged 12 weeks were used. 72 hours were spent soaking blood tissue samples in 4% paraformaldehyde before they were paraffin embedded. Hematoxylin-eosin (H, E) staining was applied after the sections were cut into 3-m pieces and embedded in paraffin wax. Establishing with the extraction of Artemisia vulgaris L 400 mg/kg/day of extract is the greatest efficiency technique, as the separated groups revealed. This proved the extract's efficiency. This finding offers thorough and widely reported support for the use of purifications like A. vulgaris in the medical treatment of systemic poisoning with additional benefits like definite therapeutic effects and potent histochemical in the treatment of cancerous tissues.
https://www.orientjchem.org/vol40no3/biosynthesis-of-copper-oxide-nanoparticles-using-azadirachta-indica-seed-extract-and-its-characterization/
Authors: Kalaivani P. , Mathubala* G.
Published: July 2024

In the current era, green synthesis stands out as the optimal approach for nanoparticle production, owing to its myriad advantages over traditional methods. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONP) using botanical extracts possess distinctive attributes ascribed to the phytochemicals of the extracts. These extracts can increase and maintain stability and modify the dimensions and morphology of CuONP. This green synthesis process is notable for its environmental compatibility, economic efficiency, and broad applicability, particularly in catalysis and biomedical domains. The present investigation explores synthesizing CuONP using the extract from Azadirachta indica (A. indica) seeds as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The CuONP prepared was characterized using X-ray diffraction, which revealed a mean particle size between 35 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of copper oxide evidenced by the stretching absorptional vibrations of functional groups. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) evaluated the nanoparticles' morphology. The findings significantly contribute to the expanding knowledge base on eco-friendly approaches to nanoparticle synthesis, emphasizing the diverse potential applications of CuONP synthesized through this environmentally conscious method.
Recycle of Waste Plastic into Alternate Fuel
Authors: Raghuwanshi Shourabh Singh , Sharma Shivangi , Shukla Anurag
Published: July 2024

This research presents an innovative approach to plastic waste management by converting it into alternative energy sources. The study focuses on transforming recyclable plastics like LDPE, HDPE, and PP into various types of oils through processes like pyrolysis, catalytic cracking, and hydrothermal liquefaction. Emphasizing the selection of high-quality, flammable plastics with low moisture content, the research highlights the importance of avoiding harmful substances to ensure health and environmental safety. The methodology includes the use of essential machinery for cleaning and processing plastics, such as reactor vessels and condensers. Results show that different plastics yield varying amounts of liquid fuel, with higher temperatures favouring the production of lighter oils. The conclusion underscores the potential of this technology to not only manage plastic waste sustainably but also to produce valuable fuels that can supplement or replace conventional diesel, thereby contributing to a circular economy.
Effect of NPK and other Micronutrient on Paddy Soil
Authors: Tikale Rupchand R. , Madhamshetiwar Swapnil V.
Published: July 2024

Soil quality is crucial for the fulfilment of food requirement of huge population of developing countries like India. The goal of the current investigation was to assess the impact of crop harvesting on soil with special reference to paddy crop. To meet the study's goals, fifteen locations were chosen from Mul tehsil in Chandrapur District (M.S.), India. The study used a systematic sampling and samples were chosen grid-wise based on how the population cluster used the rice that was grown. During the study, numerous markers connected with soil quality were inspected, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, water holding (WH), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron, and natural carbon (OC). The results obtained indicate that the soil of the study area was saline at more than 75% of the sampling sites. Greater soil fertility is found at more than 81% of the sites as indicated by OC values. The soil was observed from acidic to alkaline in nature. The soil's suitability for paddy crops is also indicated by the levels of iron, zinc, copper, and nitrogen. Most of the physical characteristics and micronutrient content dropped after the harvesting of rice crop except copper.
Diversity and functional annotation of bacteria community associated with the epithelial surface of Hippocampus kuda (yellow seahorse) and its surrounding environment
Authors: MAGUATE NOEL JOHN IAN FEBEN S. , TABUGO SHARON ROSE M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Maguate NJIFS, Tabugo SRM. 2024. Diversity and functional annotation of bacteria community associated with the epithelial surface of Hippocampus kuda (yellow seahorse) and its surrounding environment. Biodiversitas 25: 2230-2240. Hippocampus kuda, commonly known as the yellow seahorse, hosts various microorganisms crucial for its well-being and interactions within its ecosystem. This research aimed to analyze and understand the bacterial community associated with H. kuda by employing V3-V4 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Four distinct libraries were constructed, representing the epithelial surfaces of both male and female seahorses and samples from water and soil/sediment habitats. Following rigorous quality control and processing, 187,972 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) were identified. The predominant ASVs were attributed to genera such as Vibrio, Roseobacter, Photobacterium, Ruegeria, Candidatus, Pseudoalteromonas, Synechococcus, Flavobacterium, and Altererythrobacter, along with some unidentified genera belonging to the Proteobacteria phylum. As indicated by the Shannon index, alpha diversity analysis demonstrated the highest bacterial diversity on the epithelial surface of male seahorses (MS), with a value of 3.2363. Moreover, the functional annotation of bacterial community was conducted using the PICRUSt algorithm within the Parallel-Meta Suite (PMS) software. This analysis uncovered various functional categories, such as metabolism, genetic information processing, and cellular processing. Overall, the findings underscore the role of the microbiome on the skin and surrounding environment in influencing the growth and health of H. kuda seahorses. Notably, this study represents the first documentation of the bacterial community inhabiting the epithelial surface of H. kuda, shedding light on its significance in the ecology of these marine organisms.
Mapping habitat suitability and connectivity for the Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: MALIK HAFIZ NUR , RAHMAN DEDE AULIA , SETIAWAN YUDI , HUDA ROBITHOTUL
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Malik HN, Rahman DA, Setiawan Y, Huda R. 2024. Mapping habitat suitability and connectivity for the Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) in Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2249-2256. One of the rarest and least understood species of carnivore, the Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi Cuvier, 1823), is facing considerable threats from continued habitat loss and fragmentation. The Batutegi Protected Forest, Lampung, Indonesia, which was recently identified as an existing but isolated habitat of this vulnerable felid, is also experiencing fragmentation and encroachment. These combined threats have led to a reduction in the availability of suitable habitats for this isolated population and created barriers restricting its movement between forested areas. Understanding the factors that influence habitat selection and developing ecological corridors to improve its connectivity is critical to the conservation of the Sunda clouded leopard in Batutegi Protected Forest. We examined camera trap data and used maximum entropy modeling to construct a habitat suitability map, which was used to develop the resistance surface. We then performed habitat connectivity analysis using least-cost modeling. Our results indicated that there was a moderate potential in some areas of the study region to support the occurrence of Sunda clouded leopard, whose presence was mainly driven by the presence of forested landscapes and higher elevations. The predicted connectivity network revealed that the most suitable corridor could facilitate the movement of Sunda clouded leopards between forested areas by avoiding the monoculture plantations and mainly crossing through a matrix of forested patches and mixed plantation areas. This study contributes important insights to assisting in the prioritization of habitat conservation for the protection of Sunda clouded leopard and overall forest biodiversity due to its capacity as an umbrella species.
Gestió de la desinformació per part del futur professorat d’Educació Secundària
Authors: Castells-Gómez Núria , Garcia-Mila Merce , Minguela Marta , Pérez-Sedano Esther , Luna Jose
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCCIÓ. Els futurs docents de Secundària haurien de ser capaços d’identificar desinformació i disposar d’eines i estratègies per ajudar el seu alumnat a detectar-la. Aquesta investigació es proposa identificar si els estudiants del màster en Formació del Professorat de Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyament d’Idiomes (MFPS) comprenen i atorguen credibilitat a fonts amb desinformació i sense, si expliciten activitats i preguntes que afavoreixin la detecció de desinformació per part del seu futur alumnat, i si emergeixen relacions significatives entre les variables estudiades.
MÈTODE. 51 estudiants (35 de gènere femení) van participar resolent diferents tasques (valorar l’acord, credibilitat i comprensió de dos textos, un contenia desinformació; explicar activitats, i proposar preguntes per al seu alumnat) en format digital. Es van dur a terme anàlisis de contingut i anàlisis estadístiques no paramètriques.
RESULTATS. L’alumnat de l’MFPS comprèn adientment les notícies i considera més creïble la que conté arguments més vàlids. En referència a les activitats que proposarien, si bé aconsegueixen explicitar-ne algunes d’adients, plantegen poques preguntes que permetin fer una anàlisi crítica de la informació.
DISCUSSIÓ. Cal que la formació a l’MFPS afavoreixi un treball més específic de les activitats i elabori propostes per detectar la desinformació.
Internalized Stigma and Risky Sexual Behavior in Gay Families: A Critical Discourse Analysis of a Critical Interview
Authors: Levitt Heidi M. , Freemna-Coppadge Darren , Roberts Tangela
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This adapted discourse analysis entails a critical examination of a young Black gay man’s beliefs about his resistance to using condoms, initially tied to his being stubborn and sexually spontaneous. It brings to light how multiple forms of minority stress have contributed toward a strong need to be self-reliant after an extensive history of rejection, occluding his ability to accept well-intended advice from caring others. Methodologically, this study demonstrates how a critical interviewing process can be used to allow racially minoritized participants a structure within which to question dominant discourses that may be obscuring underlying experiences and needs.