bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Espiritualidade e os Cuidados Psicológicos Paliativos: Unidos para um melhor tratamento em Pacientes Terminais
Authors: Baldoino Eliane Soares , Telles Fabio Lopes
Published: March 2020

Resumo

O presente estudo possui como objetivo principal poder demonstrar qual é a importância da religião e a espiritualidade na vivência dos familiares e pacientes que encontram-se sob os cuidados paliativos e em como a fé efetivamente apresenta-se perpassada aos indivíduos frente as questões cotidianas da condição da vida humana. A partir disso, também será exposta qual é a importância da implicabilidade e a influência da equipe técnica – bem como enfermeiros, médicos, fisioterapeutas e psicólogos – no manejo dessas ferramentas na busca de proporcionar um bem-estar àqueles que encontram-se envolvidos no contexto dos cuidados de assistência à saúde e dos cuidados paliativos. Ainda referente ao quesito da atuação em equipe, no percurso do artigo será destacada a importância da ótica, sensibilidade e a ética do psicólogo ao compreender a imersão do paciente em sua prática religiosa e espiritual. Por fim, pôde ser exposto que o conceito de espiritualidade possui como objetivo principal proporcionar ao indivíduo a possibilidade de uma busca da transcendência de si, que implicará em uma posição para além da materialidade orgânica. E a partir disso, poderá ser um grande aliado nos esforços de permitir a vivência de uma terminalidade física menos danosa psiquicamente e se desdobrando como um grande artifício terapêutico.
A Importância da Brinquedoteca no Ambiente Hospitalar
Authors: Spindolla Mexias dos Santos Monique , Cristina de Souza Fernandes Crahim Suely
Published: March 2020

Com o intuito de demonstrar como a brinquedoteca hospitalar pode trazer benefícios no tratamento e recuperação das crianças hospitalizadas, o presente artigo destaca a importância que o brincar traz para a vida da criança, ajudando-a a passar por momentos difíceis diante da internação, amenizando seu sofrimento e proporcionando um espaço onde elas possam expressar seus sentimentos e emoções, bem como destacar a importância do papel do psicólogojunto às famílias, equipe de saúde e crianças internadas, contribuindopara a compreensão e adesão ao tratamento a partir do lúdico no ambiente da brinquedoteca hospitalar, oferecendo grupos de apoios para as famílias e mediando a relação delas com a equipe de saúde visando à melhora e bem estar do paciente.
Reforma Psiquiátrica, luta antimanicomial e novas formas de institucionalização
Authors: Fontelles Fernanda De Lima , Barbosa da Silva Roberta
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo tem como propósito analisar comparativamente, através de uma revisão bibliográfica, os objetivos da reforma psiquiátrica e da luta antimanicomial e o panorama atual. Assim, considerando os diversos avanços já obtidos, apresenta como contribuição o apontamento de possíveis retrocessos e áreas ainda não reformadas, além de novas formas de institucionalização. Entre os temas explorados estão a história da reforma psiquiátrica, o processo de desinstitucionalização e os desdobramentos recentes. Conclui-se que o processo de reforma psiquiátrica ocorre de maneira contínua, apesar de já apresentar uma melhora significativa no cuidado em saúde mental, sendo de suma importância para a garantia dos direitos humanos e da inclusão.
A atuação do psicólogo hospitalar frente aos familiares do paciente com morte iminente
Authors: Sobreira Cezário Letícia , Fernandes de Souza Ribeiro Juliana
Published: March 2020

O presente trabalho demonstra como a morte está presente em diferentes culturas e momentos históricos, ressaltando que a forma de encará-la está associada a crenças, rituais e religiões. A família diante da terminalidade pode sofrer desajustes no que diz respeito a sua estrutura física, econômica e emocional. A vivência do luto antes ou após a morte de um familiar pode ser perpassada em diferentes etapas do luto: negação, raiva, barganha, depressão e aceitação. O trabalho procura destacar a importância da atuação do psicólogo junto aos familiares do paciente em situação de morte iminente que visa promover o acolhimento do sofrimento desses familiares, em um cenário em que muitas vezes, apenas o paciente é priorizado. O artigo exemplifica a vivência da morte na família através do filme “Uma prova de amor” de Nick Cassavetes, apresentando uma articulação da teoria em um contexto prático onde toda família de forma direta e/ou indireta é afetada pelo adoecimento grave de um ente querido.

Palavras-chave: Família, Morte, Psicologia.
Formulation Development and Characterization of Controlled Release Core-in-cup Matrix Tablets of Venlafaxine HCl
Authors: Maddiboyina Balaji , Jhawat Vikas , Sivaraman Gandhi , Sunnapu Omprakash , Nakkala Ramya Krishna , Naik Mudavath Hanuma , Gulia Monika
Published: March 2020

Background:

Venlafaxine HCl is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, which is given in
the treatment of depression. The delivery of the drug at a controlled rate can be of great importance for
a prolonged effect.

Objective:

The objective was to prepare and optimize the controlled release core in a cup matrix tablet
of venlafaxine HCl using the combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers to prolong the
effect with rate controlled drug release.

Methods:

The controlled release core in cup matrix tablets of venlafaxine HCl was prepared using
HPMC K5, K4, K15, HCO, IPA, aerosol, magnesium stearate, hydrogenated castor oil and micro crystalline
cellulose PVOK-900 using wet granulation technique. Total ten formulations with varying concentrations
of polymers were prepared and evaluated for different physicochemical parameters such
FTIR analysis for drug identification. In-vitro drug dissolution study was performed to evaluate the
amount of drug release in 24 hrs, drug release kinetics study was performed to fit the data in zero order,
first order, Hixson-crowell and Higuchi equation to determine the mechanism of drug release and stability
studies for 3 months as observed.

Results:

The results of hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability and drug content study were in
an acceptable range for all formulations. Based on the in vitro dissolution profile, formulation F-9was
considered to be the optimized, extending the release of 98.32% of drug up to 24 hrs. The data fitting
study showed that the optimized formulation followed the zero order release rate kinetics and when
compared with the innovator product (flavix XR), showed better drug release profile.

Conclusion:

The core-in-cup technology has the potential to control the release rate of freely water
soluble drugs for single administration per day by optimization with the combined use of hydrophilic
and hydrophobic polymers.
Physical Methods of Rehabilitation for Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Scientometric Analysis of Evidence-Based Studies
Authors: Abuseva G. R. , Кovlen D. V. , Ponomarenko G. N. , Khozyainova S. S. , Adhamov B. M. , Ivashchev V. V. , Ishchuk V. N. , Karpova T. N. , Kondrina E. F. , Konoplyankin I. V. , Podberezkina L. A. , Pronin V. D. , Tolmachev S. V.
Published: March 2020

Relevance. A rise in the life expectancy of the planet’s population, lack of exercise and growth in the number of people suffering from overweight lead to an increase in the number of patients suffering from diseases of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis. Given the absence of specific pharmacological treatment of osteoarthritis, as well as the increase in the number of patients with co-morbid pathology, it became necessary to search for the proven technologies of physical and rehabilitation medicine (PRM). The purpose of the study was to identify the most effective PRM technologies in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis and to formulate recommendations on their use for practitioners, based on the proof obtained through the analysis of evidence-based high quality studies on the application of PRM technology. Materials and Methods. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of studies on non-pharmacological methods of osteoarthritis treatment. The most studied of the PRM technologies with the proven effect were the following: physical exercises combined with traditional healthy gymnastics, acupuncture, peloid therapy, balneo therapy, as well as low-frequency electrotherapy, ultrasound therapy and infrared laser therapy. Conclusion. The use of PRM technologies in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis should be based on the results of high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials which serve as the basis for the development of clinical recommendations. The process of the obtained data analysis should be conducted on the regular basis.
Pain in Anterior Knee after Locked Nailing of Diaphyseal Tibia Fractures
Authors: Pisarev V. V.
Published: March 2020

The relevance of the study is determined by the high incidence of pain in the anterior knee after the locked nailing of the diaphyseal tibia fracture. The etiology and pathogenesis of this complication remain unclear. Most authors believe that the cause of this complication is a combination of several factors. Material and Methods. The study included 70 patients with consolidated diaphyseal tibia fractures undergone closed blocked nailing through the patellofemoral ligament. The results of the surgery were studied in the time frame of 2 to 4 years (average 36.96±12.05 months). Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of pain in the anterior knee, the type of tibial fractures, the location of the nail in the proximal tibia metaphysis. The evaluation of the outcomes was carried out with the SF-36 questionnaire and the knee X-ray. The significance of differences in the samples was determined by the Pearson’s and Student’s criteria, and Fisher’s exact criterion. Results. The incidence of pain in the anterior knee was 46%. This complication led to a decrease in the patients’ quality of life to a greater extent and in most parameters than in the patient without pain, namely, physical components of health by 10% (p = 0.024), physical activity by 8.8% (p = 0.024), role-based functioning due to physical condition by 14.1% (p = 0.001). The intergroup analysis revealed that the extension of the end of the nail beyond the proximal tibial metaphysis was one of the factors that determeded the development the pain (p0.05). There were differences in the frequency of pain in groups with different depths of immersion of the nail into the proximal metaphysis (p0.05). The closer to the tibial plateau the proximal end of the nail was located, the more often the pain occurred in the postoperative period. In the patients with type C diaphyseal fractures, pain in the knee was much more common than in patients with type A and B fractures (p0.05). Conclusion. The quality of life of the patients with pain in the anterior knee after locked nailing was characterized by a decrease in physical activity and role functioning in society. The main cause of the pain was the projection of the nail beyond the bone borders of the tibial metaphysis or the location of its proximal end in the subchondral area. The type of diaphyseal tibia fracture according to the AO / ASIF classification was a factor that determined the incidence of pain in the anterior knee.
The Nearest Clinical and Structural Results of Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the Upper Capsule in Patients with Cuff Tear Arthropathy after a Massive Rotator Cuff Tear
Authors: Dokolin S. Yu. , Kuz’mina V. I. , Marchenko I. V.
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the nearest clinical, functional and structural (according to MRI) results of arthroscopic reconstruction of the shoulder upper capsule using an acellular dermal collagen matrix and auto-tissue of the ileotibial band in the patients with shoulder arthropathy after a massive rotator cuff tear. Material and Methods. The study included 30 patients with stage I–IV shoulder arthropathy according to K. Hamada classification. All of them were undergone the arthroscopic reconstruction of the upper part of the shoulder capsule in 2017–2018. The orthopedic procedures were performed by the same surgical team using an acellular dermal collagen matrix as a biological material (group 1) and auto-tissue of the iliotibial band (group 2). Results. The proportion of the patients with good — 8 (26.7%), satisfactory — 14 (46.6%) and poor — 8 (26.7%) surgical outcomes was determined according to the ASES functional assessment scales. Transplant ruptures were recorded in one (3.3%) patient in the group with an acellular dermal collagen matrix and in two (6.6%) patients in the group with the iliotibial autograft. Conclusion. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the upper part of the shoulder capsule is a promising method for the surgical treatment of physically active working age patients with shoulder arthropathy after massive rotator cuff tear. The main goals are restoration of the shoulder vertical stability, centered position of the humeral head towards the glenoid, and improvement of the shoulder biomechanics as a whole.
Developing a Heart Transplantation Self-Management Support Mobile Health App in Taiwan: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yi-Wen , Wei Jeng , Chen Hwei-Ling , Cheng Ching-Hui , Hou I-Ching
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND

Heart transplantation (HTx) is the most effective treatment for end-stage heart failure patients. After transplantation, patients face physiological, psychological, social, and other health care problems. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can change the delivery of conventional health care to ubiquitous care and improve health care quality. However, a dearth of mHealth apps exists for patients with HTx worldwide, including in Taiwan.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the information needed and to develop a preliminary framework for an mHealth app for post-HTx patients.

METHODS

A qualitative approach with individual in-depth interviews was conducted at a heart center in the regional hospital of northern Taiwan from June to November 2017. Patients that had undergone HTx and their health professionals were recruited for purposeful sampling. A semistructured interview guideline was used for individual interviews and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 21 subjects, including 17 patients and 4 health professionals, were recruited for the study. The following five major themes were identified: reminding, querying, experience sharing, diet, and expert consulting. Minor themes included a desire to use the app with artificial intelligence and integration with professional management.

CONCLUSIONS

An intelligent mHealth app that addresses the five main themes and integrates the processes of using a mobile app could facilitate HTx self-management for Taiwanese patients.
THE INFLUENCE OF SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP ON AFFECTIVE COMMITMENT THROUGH CALLING AND MEMBERSHIP (A STUDY AT ZAINAB MOTHER AND CHILD HOSPITAL IN PEKANBARU)
Authors: Rosa Nageeta Tara , Ancok Djamaludin
Published: March 2020

This current research examines the influence of spiritual leadership in affective commitment through calling and membership. This research uses a sample of 110 employees either interact or experience direct policies toward the leader with a minimum of 2 years working period at Zainab Mother and Child Hospital in Pekanbaru, Riau Province. Simple and Multiple Linear Regression is used in this study to measure the contribution toward the dependent variable by using the IBM SPSS version 20. The analysis then shows the results that spiritual leadership has a significant effect on calling and membership. Calling significantly influences affective commitment, and it is similar to membership, which has significant value relates to affective commitment. Recommendations for leaders, employees, and future research are discussed.
The Challenge of Ansarullah’s Increasing Power, and Donald Trump’s Policies against Yemen
Authors: Alishahi Abdolreza , Souchelmaei Hamid Soleimani
Published: March 2020

These days, Trump’s actions have topped regional and world news. His new contracts for the sale of military weapons have created a wave of concern over the growing number of weapons in the world. The Trump administration has been drawing attention since coming in with repeated claims of direct entry into the military. By first proposing a safe zone in Syria, he sought to justify direct US presence in the West Asian region, which made modifications to his plan with Russian and Iranian opposition. Given Washington’s growing difficulty in entering the Syrian military, Trump has chosen a new option for the US body in the region, in which Trump has ordered the use of American drones to bomb various areas of Yemen under the pretext of combating Yemen. Al-Qaeda has given up. The main research question is what is the strategic importance of Yemen in Trump’s foreign and security policy? The findings of the study show that Trump, with goals such as tearing loops of resistance, removing Iran from regional equations and preventing the spread of Shi’ite waves to Saudi Arabia, took a tough and forceful approach to the developments in Yemen. He is reluctant to boycott American power in the region by engaging in showmanship and, with a business-minded and profit-driven view of Yemen, is pouring Western weapons stockpiles with Arab reactionary dollars into the region. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on aggressive realism.
NO AGRARIAN REFORM: REVOLUTIE WITHOUT REVOLUTION?
Authors: Razuni Ganjar , Pramanti Adilita
Published: March 2020

RI’s independence is a revolution to form a nation and state with an independentsocial structure. One of the instruments of de-colonization of the Indonesian peopleis the Agrarian Revolution. The matter of study in this paper is why, since Sokarnostepped down, the implementation of agrarian reform became half-hearted. Thiswriting method with a literature study through historical, descriptive analysis. Theresult reveals there has not been a fundamental change in the basic socio-agrarianstructure in Indonesia, and people fought for it from 2014 until now
Effects of imidacloprid-sodium chloride association on survival and reproduction of the stink bug Podisus nigrispinus
Authors: Silva Ramos Gabryele , De Paulo Paula Daiana , Toledo Pedro F. S. , Haddi Khalid , Cola Zanuncio Jose , Oliveira Eugenio E.
Published: March 2020

Pesticide effects on natural enemies in an agroecosystem are of paramount importance for integrated pest management programs. Natural enemies can be subject to direct and indirect exposure to insecticides and synergistic molecules (e.g., sodium chloride - NaCl) which are used to control various pests of agricultural crops such as soybean. Here, we evaluated the potential effects of imidacloprid and its interaction with NaCl as an enhancer on the survival and reproductive abilities of the non-target predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). The insects were exposed to the stink bugs control field recommended dose of imidacloprid associated or not with the salt at the concentration of 0.5% (w/v). NaCl as a pesticide enhancer did not affect  the survival of  P. nigrispinus adults after 48 h of exposure (less than 12% of mortality was always recorded). However, the fifth instar nymph mortality was almost 50%. The effects of imidacloprid on the reproductive parameters of P. nigrispinus included a decrease in the oviposition, showing fewer eggs per day. However, the fertility was not affected. The NaCl addition, therefore, had no effect on the mortality, survival, and reproduction of the non-target predator. The use of NaCl associated to imidacloprid and other pesticides in the presence of P. nigrispinus demonstrated compatibility, however, it requires further evaluation to endorse the set of these pest control strategies.
Carbon storage potential of windbreaks in the United States
Authors: Ballesteros Possú William , Brandle James R. , Ordóñez Héctor Ramiro
Published: March 2020

In the United States of America, agriculture is performed on large farms of monocultures, affecting ecosystems and making a great contribution to climate change. The carbon storage potential for twelve field windbreak designs containing one-, two- and three-rows and nine farmstead windbreaks encompassing three- to ten-rows of mixed tree species were analyzed in nine regions: Northern Lake States (NLS), Corn Belt (CB), Southern Plains (SP), Delta States (DS), Appalachia (AP), Rocky Mountains North (RMN), Rocky Mountains South (RMS), North East (NE), y Northern Plains (NP), using the US Forest Inventory and Analysis database and allometric equations.  Carbon storage potentials for different field windbreak designs across regions ranged from 0.3 Mg C km-1 yr-1 for a single-row small-conifer windbreak in the Northeast region to 5.8 Mg C km-1 yr-1 for a three-row tall-deciduous windbreak in the Appalachia region.  Carbon storage potentials for farmstead windbreaks ranged from 0.8 Mg C 300 m-1 yr-1 for a three-row of mixed tree species windbreak in the Rocky Mountain North to 12.7 Mg C 300-1 yr-1 for a ten-row of mixed tree species windbreak in Delta States region.
Концепции по обоснованию проектных решений сооружений атомных станций с учетом особых динамических воздействий
Authors: Sargsyan Akop , Gukova Elena
Published: March 2020

В настоящей работе изложены основные концепции по расчёту сооружений атомных станций на особые динамические природные и техногенные воздействия и обоснованию их проектных решений.

В общем объёме задач по обоснованию проектных решений сооружений атомных станций особое место отводится разработке методов расчёта сооружений при особых динамических воздействиях. В частности, повышенные требования предъявляются к сейсмостойкости и надёжности энергетических объектов и устанавливаемому на них оборудованию как при нормальном режиме эксплуатации, так и при особых динамических воздействиях.

Исследование проблемы взаимодействия сооружения с основанием с учётом геологического строения строительной площадки и конструктивных особенностей сооружения даёт возможность перейти к более обоснованным расчётным моделям.

Приведены основные актуальные направления расчёта сооружений на особые динамические воздействия. Рассмотрена специфика оценки прочности и надёжности основания, строительных конструкций сооружения, оборудования атомных станций при указанных воздействиях.

В работе изложены и систематизированы основные концепции по определению расчётных сейсмических воздействий на свободной поверхности площадки строительства атомных станций, современные методы моделирования и расчётов сооружений атомных станций, требования к определению техногенных воздействий от летающих тел и взрывов, методы расчётов защитных конструкций сооружений. Продемонстрирована практическое использование новых высокопрочных материалов, в том числе сталефибробетона, в качестве важного стратегического этапа совершенствования оптимизации компоновочных решений сооружений атомных станций. Приведена оценка эффективности применения сталефибробетона вместо обычного бетона.
Технология очистки и утилизации поверхностных сточных вод и осадков
Authors: Skolubovich Yuri , Voitov Evgeny , Tsyba Anna , Balchugov Denis , Belonogov Dmitry
Published: March 2020

Одной из основных экологических проблем является сбор, транспортировка и очистка поверхностных сточных вод. Большинство существующих систем отвода и очистки поверхностных сточных вод уже не справляются с увеличивающимся объёмом стоков или физически изношены. Основными источниками загрязнения поверхностных сточных вод являются продукты смыва почвенного покрова, разрушения асфальтовых и бетонных поверхностей, истирания автомобильных шин, проливы автотоплива и масел, а также строительные и другие материалы, складируемые на открытых площадках хранения. Поверхностные сточные воды загрязняют водоёмы взвешенными, поверхностно-активными веществами, нефтепродуктами, органическими примесями, ионами тяжёлых металлов и другими загрязнителями. Осадки приводят к загрязнению и заилению русел водотоков, нарушают жизнедеятельность живых организмов, микроорганизмов, оказывают негативное влияние на биоценоз и самоочищающую способность водоёмов.

В статье описывается исследование, целью которого являлась разработка технологии очистки поверхностных сточных вод предприятий угольной промышленности с использованием нового сооружения фильтрования воды - реактора-осветлителя. Экспериментальные исследования проводились в производственных условиях на обогатительной фабрике в Новосибирске. Пилотная установка являлась моделью очистных сооружений ливневых и талых сточных вод предприятия. Изучен состав поверхностных сточных вод предприятия угольной промышленности, разработан проект новой установки очистки сточных вод - реактора-осветлителя. Реагентная очистка ливневой воды проводилась в отстойнике с использованием оксихлорида алюминия в качестве коагулянта. Затем воду осветляли в слое мелкозернистого взвешенной контактной загрузки реактора-осветлителя в скором фильтре, загруженном горелой породой, и на угольном фильтре. Качество очищенной воды соответствовало предъявляемым требованиям. В результате теоретических и экспериментальных исследований была разработана технология очистки ливневых сточных вод промышленных предприятий, которая позволяет сбрасывать их в открытые водоёмы или использовать для утилизации и технического водоснабжения предприятий.
Метод исторической реконструкции в исследовании эволюции градостроительной структуры поселения. Часть 2
Authors: Kudryavtseva Natalia , Kudryavtseva Lyubov
Published: March 2020

В статье приводится анализ градостроительной структуры в планировочном и композиционном аспектах в последовательном сравнении эволюционных этапов развития пространственной системы и территории, изменения границ и возникновения новых частей. Анализ местоположений церквей на фоне формирующихся во времени планировочных образований обнаруживает своеобразные принципы расстановки храмовых ансамблей в структуре и неразрывную взаимосвязь с посадами, слободами, торгами, монастырями; метод реализуется на основе сопоставления разновременных планов, а также посредством графического воспроизведения архивных сведений и описаний писцовых книг и др. источников. На этой основе проводится изучение градостроительной эволюции и генезиса, которые позволяют описать модель структуры поселения, состоящей из разновременных частей, возникших с древнейших времён до настоящего времени. Исследование обнаружило разнообразие генетических моделей, что связано с географическими фактора­ми, административной, культурной, религиозной ролью города; изучение процесса эволюции даёт знание о закономерностях формирования градостроительной структуры, на основе кото­рой должно проводиться восстановление как первоначальных качеств и параметров ансамблей, так и границ генетических частей, даже утраченных, составляющих подлинную целостную историко-генетическую модель поселения как объекта охраны. Метод исторической реконструкции должен стать основой зони­рования по генетическому признаку при разработке правил пла­нировки и застройки и прогнозирования будущих форм развития.
HAK PENDIDIKAN PEREMPUAN MENURUT FUQAHA’ SYAFI’IYAH DENGAN PERSPEKTIF GENDER
Authors: Riyadhi Baidhillah , Asyari Farida
Published: March 2020

With all the potential capital God gave, it is believed that man will be able to carry out his duties well. Then it is normal for God to place man as ' masterpiece ' of His own universe.     In Shari'ah there is always a balance between the vertical and horizontal dimensions, the ideal and the realistic side, the constant doctrine (the Sabbath) and the Elastic (Murunah), the interests of the world and the Hereafter, the aspect of birth and the inner, interest of individuals and society, and Etc. The principle of benefit is no less important than the principle of balance. This remembers that it was the cause of the point-of-decline, the takeoff and the final goal in the formulation of a law (Maqashid Syari'ah). This research uses qualitative research methods by examining the Library Research related to the opinions of scholars ' followers of Imam Shafi'i on gender issues. Conclusion of the study: women have the same learning opportunities as men, both in material and learning methods, to achieve what is the essential goal of the education process. That is to achieve the perfection of the Insani that comes down to the self-approach (Taqarrub) to God and the realization of happiness in the world and the hereafter.
Torbjørn Sirevåg's 'American Patterns: An Interpretation of U.S. History and Life'
Authors: Thorsen Niels
Published: March 2020

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David Hackett Fischer's 'Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'
Authors: Su-Dale Elizabeth
Published: March 2020

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A CULTURA AFRO-BRASILEIRA E A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA: UM RETRATO DA PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Gonçalves de Lima Isabela Talita , Brasileiro Lívia Tenorio
Published: March 2020

O estudo objetiva analisar os artigos científicos, oriundos dos periódicos da área de Educação Física, que tematizem a Cultura Afro-Brasileira. Nossa pesquisa teve o recorte temporal de 2001 a 2017, reconhecendo oito periódicos da área e catalogando 92 artigos. Os dados indicam que as produções se concentram em dois temas, são eles: estudos sobre capoeira e estudos sobre o racismo no futebol. Concluímos que, embora a Cultura Afro-Brasileira seja amplamente rica, é necessário acrescer seu lastro na produção de conhecimento da área, tornando-se palco de pesquisas que aprofundem seu arcabouço teórico, principalmente em um país ainda com marcas de racismo, como é o Brasil, visando contribuir para a valorização da Cultura Afro-Brasileira principalmente no que concerne ao seu papel na construção da igualdade social.
Empagliflozin ameliorates obesity-related cardiac dysfunction by regulating Sestrin2-mediated AMPK-mTOR signaling and redox homeostasis in high-fat induced obese mice
Authors: Admin Ada , Sun Xiaodong , Han Fang , Lu Qingguo , Li Xuan , Ren Di , Zhang Jingwen , Han Ying , Xiang Yang K. , Li Ji
Published: March 2020

Sodium
glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have favorable cardiovascular
outcomes in diabetic patients. However, whether SGLT2i can improve
obesity-related cardiac dysfunction is unknown. Sestrin2 is a novel
stress-inducible protein that regulates AMPK-mTOR and suppresses oxidative
damage. The aim of this study was to determine whether empagliflozin (EMPA)
improves obesity-related cardiac dysfunction via regulating Sestrin2-mediated pathways in diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J
mice and Sestrin2 knockout mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12
weeks and then treated with or without EMPA (10 mg/kg) for 8 weeks. Treating
HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice with EMPA reduced body weight, whole-body fat, and
improved metabolic disorders. Furthermore, EMPA improved myocardial hypertrophy/fibrosis
and cardiac function, and reduced cardiac fat accumulation and mitochondria
injury. Additionally, EMPA significantly augmented Sestrin2 levels, increased AMPK
and eNOS phosphorylation, but inhibited Akt and mTOR phosphorylation. These
beneficial effects were partially attenuated in HFD-fed Sestrin2
knockout mice. Intriguingly, EMPA treatment enhanced the Nrf2/HO-1-mediated
oxidative stress response, suggesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Thus, EMPA improved obesity-related cardiac dysfunction via regulating Sestrin2-mediated AMPK-mTOR signaling and maintaining
redox homeostasis. These findings provide a novel mechanism for the cardiovascular
protection of SGLT2i in obesity.
TWIST1-reprogrammed endothelial cell transplantation potentiates neovascularization-mediated diabetic wound tissue regeneration
Authors: Admin Ada , Kaushik Komal , Das Amitava
Published: March 2020

Hypo-vascularised diabetic non-healing wounds
are due to reduced number and impaired physiology of endogenous endothelial
progenitor cell (EPC) population that, limits their recruitment and
mobilization at the wound site. To enrich the EPC repertoire from
non-endothelial precursors, abundantly available mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)
were reprogrammed into induced-endothelial cells (iECs). We identified cell
signaling molecular targets by meta-analysis of microarray datasets. BMP-2
induction leads to the expression of inhibitory Smad 6/7-dependent negative
transcriptional regulation of ID1, rendering the latter's reduced binding to
TWIST1 during transdifferentiation of WJ-MSC
into iEC. TWIST1, in turn, regulates endothelial genes transcription, positively
of pro-angiogenic-KDR and negatively,
in part, of anti-angiogenic-SFRP4. Twist1
reprogramming enhanced the endothelial lineage commitment of WJ-MSC, increased the
vasculogenic potential of reprogrammed EC (rEC). Transplantation of stable TWIST1-rECs into full-thickness type 1
and 2 diabetic-splinted wound healing murine model enhanced the
microcirculatory blood flow and accelerated the wound tissue regeneration. An
increased or decreased co-localization of GFP with KDR/SFRP4 and CD31 in the
regenerated diabetic wound bed with TWIST1 overexpression or silencing (piLenti-TWIST1-shRNA-GFP), respectively further confirmed improved neovascularization.
This study depicted the reprogramming of WJ-MSCs into rECs using unique
transcription factors, TWIST1 for an efficacious cell transplantation therapy
to induce neovascularization–mediated diabetic wound tissue regeneration.
Acknowledgements
Authors: Puhakainen Tuula
Published: March 2020

Acknowledgement
Finite element method modeling of crankshaft axial impact measurements
Authors: Vuotikka Antti-Jussi , Jokinen Marko , Halla-aho Pasi , Aho Jukka , Mäntylä Antti , Frondelius Tero
Published: March 2020

It has been recently discovered that there is a periodical axial impact phenomenon in a running engine crankshaft. Bending of the shaft causes signiﬁcant extension of the crankshaft and impact to the engine block through the axial thrust bearing. The aim of this work is to study impact-induced energy ﬂuctuations in a complex-shaped Wärtsilä sixteen vee 32 engine crankshaft by using an explicit ﬁnite element method (FEM) during the ﬁrst 25 ms after impact. Using the FEM allows us to study real components used in industry, and analyze their dynamics in the transient phase. In conclusion, we found interesting results that can be used as guidelines for a full-scale crankshaft measurement instrumentation plan. The full-scale measurements will be performed later in the Wärtsilä Oy facility at Vaasa, Finland. The main ﬁnding is that a substantive amount of energy is trapped in the head region and the ﬁrst two crank pins of the crankshaft, which can aﬀect crankshaft durability regarding high-cycle fatigue.
Tasorakenteiden ilmaääneneristävyyden arvioinnista
Authors: Aalto Jukka
Published: March 2020

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan rakenteiden ilmaääneneristävyyden laskennalliseen mää­rit­tämiseen liittyviä kysymyksiä rakennusinsinöörin näkökulmasta. Erityisesti tarkastellaan laat­to­ja ja niistä koostuvia kerroksellisia tasorakenteita. Johdetaan esiteltyjen yhtälöiden analyyttisia rat­kaisuja ja demonstroidaan niitä käyttäen ääneneristävyyden laskennallista määrittämistä.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI, DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. PP LONDON SUMATERA, TBK, BATU LOKONG, GALANG, BG. POM KABUPATEN DELISERDANG, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Nainggolan Michael Stefen
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan objek dari PT. PP London Sumatera, Tbk, penelitian dilakukan karena ada kecenderungan penurunan kinerja yang dialami perusahaan. Kinerja karyawan adalah hasil kerja dari karyawan di dalam menjalankan pekerjaan yang menjadi beban tanggungjawab karyawan. Penurunan kinerja diduga karena adanya masalah kepemimpinan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja. Kepemimpinan merupakan kemampuan seorang pemimpin dalam menggerakan dan mempengaruhi karyawan. Pada permasalahan kepemimpinan, dari hasil wawancara dengan beberapa karyawan didapati adanya indikasi lemahnya gaya kepemimpinan di PT. PP. London Sumatera,Tbk. Motivasi adalah sebagai pemberi daya gerak yang menciptakan kegairahan kerja seseorangagar mereka mau bekerja sama, bekerja efektif dan terintegrasi dengan segala daya upaya untuk mencapai kepuasan.Pada faktor motivasi, dapat dijelaskan bahwa tinggi atau rendahnya karyawan dalam bekerja sangat dipengaruhi oleh besar atau kecilnya bonus atau tunjangan yang diterima. Disiplin adalah ketaatan karyawan kepada norma-norma dan peraturan yang ada di perusahaan. Penerapan disiplin sangat dibutuhkan dalam mengatur karyawan di perusahaan. Kepemimpinan yang ada kurang tegas terhadap karyawan yang melanggar peraturan yang ada yaitu tentang masalah kedisiplinan kehadiran dalam hal ini tentang izin.Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan teori dari kepemimpinan, motivasi, disiplin kerja dan kinerja. Pengunaan metode analisis yang akan digunakan meliputi analisis berganda, koefisien determinasi, uji f (Uji-F) (13,944>2,69) dengan nilai dan secara parsial (uji-t) (2,542>1,983), (3,395>1.983)dan(2,829>1,983). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan, motivasi dan disiplin kerja simultan dan parsial berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 27,2%.Kata kunci : Kepemimpinan, Motivasi, Disiplin Kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan
Investigation of the effects of vatinoxan on somatic and visceral antinociceptive efficacy of medetomidine in dogs
Authors: Huuskonen Vilhelmiina , Restitutti Flavia , Honkavaara Juhana M. , Raekallio Marja R. , Männikkö Sofia , Scheinin Mika , Vainio Outi M.
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether concurrent vatinoxan administration affects the antinociceptive efficacy of medetomidine in dogs at doses that provide circulating dexmedetomidine concentrations similar to those produced by medetomidine alone.

ANIMALS

8 healthy Beagles.

PROCEDURES

Dogs received 3 IV treatments in a randomized crossover-design trial with a 2-week washout period between experiments (medetomidine [20 μg/kg], medetomidine [20 μg/kg] and vatinoxan [400 μg/kg], and medetomidine [40 μg/kg] and vatinoxan [800 μg/kg]; M20, M20V400, and M40V800, respectively). Sedation, visceral and somatic nociception, and plasma drug concentrations were assessed. Somatic and visceral nociception measurements and sedation scores were compared among treatments and over time. Sedation, visceral antinociception, and somatic antinociception effects of M20V400 and M40V800 were analyzed for noninferiority to effects of M20, and plasma drug concentration data were assessed for equivalence between treatments.

RESULTS

Plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations after administration of M20 and M40V800 were equivalent. Sedation scores, visceral nociception measurements, and somatic nociception measurements did not differ significantly among treatments within time points. Overall sedative effects of M20V400 and M40V800 and visceral antinociceptive effects of M40V800 were noninferior to those produced by M20. Somatic antinociception effects of M20V400 at 10 minutes and M40V800 at 10 and 55 minutes after injection were noninferior to those produced by M20.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested coadministration with vatinoxan did not substantially diminish visceral antinociceptive effects of medetomidine when plasma dexmedetomidine concentrations were equivalent to those produced by medetomidine alone. For somatic antinociception, noninferiority of treatments was detected at some time points.
Use of a biopolymer delivery system to investigate the influence of interleukin-4 on recruitment of neutrophils in equids
Authors: Godbout Mireille , Vargas Amandine , Hélie Pierre , Bullone Michela , Lavoie Jean-Pierre
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

To use a biopolymer delivery system to investigate the ability of interleukin (IL)-4 to recruit neutrophils into subcutaneous tissues of equids.

ANIMALS

16 horses and 2 ponies.

PROCEDURES

Animals were assigned to 3 experiments (6/experiment). Effects of recombinant equine (Req) IL-4 (100, 250, or 500 ng/site) versus a positive control (ReqIL-8; 100 ng, 250 ng, or 1 μg/site) and a negative control (Dulbecco PBSS or culture medium) on neutrophil chemotaxis were assessed after SC injection into the neck with an injectable biopolymer used as the vehicle. Tissue samples including the biopolymer plug were collected by biopsy at various time points from 3 hours to 7 days after injection. Neutrophil infiltration was evaluated by histologic scoring (experiments 1, 2, and 3) or flow cytometry (experiment 3).

RESULTS

Histologic neutrophil infiltration scores did not differ significantly among treatments at most evaluated time points. On flow cytometric analysis, log-transformed neutrophil counts in biopsy specimens were significantly greater for the ReqIL-8 treatment (1 μg/site) than the negative control treatment at 3 but not 6 hours after injection; results did not differ between ReqIL-4 and control treatments at either time point. Negative control treatments induced an inflammatory response in most equids in all experiments.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Flow cytometry was a more reliable method to estimate neutrophil migration than histologic score analysis. The ReqIL-4 treatment did not induce a detectable neutrophil response, compared with the negative control treatment in this study. Evidence of inflammation in negative control samples suggested the biopolymer is not a suitable vehicle for use in equids.
Effects of intervertebral distraction screw fixation of the lumbosacral joint on the adjacent lumbar segments in Beagles
Authors: Tanoue Hirofumi , Uchiyama Rika , Fukuda Hideyuki , Ichinohe Tom , Kanno Nobuo , Suzuki Shuji , Harada Yasuji , Hara Yasushi
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of intervertebral distraction screw (IDS) fixation of the lumbosacral joint (LSJ) on the intervertebral foraminal area (IFA) and intervertebral stabilization of the LSJ and adjacent lumbar segments in dogs.

ANIMALS

7 healthy Beagles.

PROCEDURES

Dorsal laminectomy was performed at the LSJ in each dog to expose the intervertebral disk. The IDS was then inserted into the L7-S1 disk. Computed tomography was performed before and after laminectomy and after IDS insertion (intact, laminectomy, and IDS conditions, respectively) to measure the intervertebral range of motion (ROM) and intervertebral distance (ID) at L7-S1, L6-7, and L5-6 with the LSJ in a flexed and extended position. The intervertebral foramina stenosis rate was calculated from the intervertebral foramina area in entrance, middle, and exit zones. Results were compared among conditions.

RESULTS

The ROM at L7-S1 after IDS insertion was lower than that observed before and after laminectomy; no other differences were identified among conditions. With the LSJ in the flexed position, the ID at L7-S1 was larger after IDS insertion than before and after laminectomy; no other differences in ID were identified. In all evaluated zones, the stenosis rate was lower after IDS insertion than before and after laminectomy. No differences in ROM, ID, and stenosis rate were identified among conditions at L6-7 or L5-6.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that IDS fixation of the LSJ restricted lumbosacral ROM and prevented decreases in lumbosacral ID and IFA in healthy dogs. There were no changes at L6-7 and L5-6.
Organising Landed Property: Manorial Administration Strategies in the 15th and Early 16th Centuries
Authors: Kaska Johannes , Nussbaum Samuel
Published: March 2020

This paper provides an analysis of micro-level processes in the land administration of two different monastic estates, Lambach in Upper Austria and Klosterneuburg in Lower Austria, in the 15th and early 16th centuries. It argues that several different institutional factors can be seen as driving forces of administrative progress and innovation. To keep up with not always congruent economic, legal and social demands, the two monasteries pursued different strategies in administering their landed property. Their approaches and advancements indicate that the development of bureaucratic use of written texts should not be seen as one of the ever-increasing rationalities but rather as the result of a multilayered cultural process.
Effects of mindfulness meditation on anxiety, depression, stress, and mindfulness in nursing students: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Yu-Feng , Sun Wen-Xin , Sun Xiu-Jie , Sun Juan , Yang Dong-Mei , Jia Bei-Li , Yuan Bin
Published: March 2020

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation (MM) on anxiety, depression, stress and mindfulness in nursing students.

Methods

A comprehensive search and screening procedures were conducted to locate all MM interventions implemented with nursing students. For randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in accordance with the inclusion criteria, a search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), China Biology Medicine (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang. Databases were retrieved from inception through August 2018. Additional studies were identified through hand searches and Internet searches. Two reviewers collected relevant data of eligible articles according to the data extraction tables. Based on Cochrane Handbook, critical appraisal of the methodological quality was assessed by two other reviewers. An Excel form was used to extract main characteristics of included RCTs. Meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) were carried out using software RevMan 5.3 and TSA 0.9.

Results

Five RCTs with 257 nursing students were included. Only two studies were assessed as high quality and three studies were evaluated as moderate quality. Meta-analysis showed that, comparing with the control group, MM could significantly improve anxiety (SMD = −0.45, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.17, P = 0.001) and stress (SMD = −0.69, 95% CI −0.97 to −0.40, P < 0.001). TSA results confirmed that the outcome of the merger is credible. It could also significantly improve depression level of nursing students after 8 weeks intervention duration (SMD = −0.70, 95% CI −1.14 to −0.26, P = 0.002). However, there was no beneficial effect on depression level of nursing students with 1 week intervention duration (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI −0.42 to 0.59, P = 0.74) and its effects on mindfulness level of nursing students also did not show statistical significance (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI −0.04 to 0.77, P = 0.07). No definitive conclusions were drawn from the TSA.

Conclusions

The results of this meta-analysis indicated that MM could effectively reduce the level of anxiety and stress of nursing students. TSA confirmed that the results of meta-analysis are credible. For depression, it could also significantly improve depression of nursing students with 8 weeks intervention, but there was no significant effect on nursing students with 1 week intervention duration. There was also no beneficial effect on mindfulness level of nursing students. However, TSA indicated that the accumulated evidence is still inconclusive. We suggest that more well-designed clinical trials with large sample and higher quality would be required in future to draw a definitive conclusion.