bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forecast Withdrawals and Reporting Reputation
Authors: Marshall Nathan T. , Skinner A. Nicole
Published: February 2022

While accounting research has extensively examined initial guidance disclosures, the disclosures that managers make when initial forecasts become materially inaccurate have received much less attention. These updates are unique because managers are communicating that their initial forecasts are no longer correct. In this context, we examine how earnings forecast withdrawals affect managers' reporting reputation, relative to earnings revisions and nondisclosure. While managers face immediate negative market consequences after withdrawals, they enjoy reputational benefits (in the form of improved credibility) in the long run when guidance updates resume. In contrast, reporting reputation does not improve for managers who revise forecasts or for those who choose not to update at all. Difference-in-differences analyses confirm this incremental boost to credibility that is associated with withdrawals. This evidence suggests disclosing what managers do not know may be as important as disclosing what they do know when building a reporting reputation.
The Determinants and Informativeness of Non-GAAP Revenue Disclosures
Authors: Campbell John L. , Gee Kurt H. , Wiebe Zac
Published: February 2022

Most research on non-GAAP financial measures focuses on earnings or earnings per share, although non-GAAP revenue disclosure has recently attracted SEC scrutiny. It is unclear ex ante what non-GAAP adjustments could improve revenue's usefulness because, unlike earnings, revenue is a top-line number related primarily to core (i.e., persistent) business activities. We present the first archival analysis of non-GAAP revenues using a large, hand-collected sample of disclosures from 2015 to 2018. Approximately one in five earnings announcements contains a non-GAAP revenue disclosure, focused on revenue growth. Our evidence suggests that firms disclose non-GAAP revenue when GAAP revenue is incomparable with prior periods, and not to compensate for poor GAAP performance. Furthermore, non-GAAP revenue growth predicts future revenue growth better than GAAP revenue growth, and the market responds to this information. Overall, non-GAAP revenue disclosures are motivated by economic fundamentals rather than opportunism, on average, and they provide investors with relevant information.
Association of the three-dimensional skeletal variables with self-recognition of facial asymmetry in skeletal Class III patients
Authors: Lim Seung-Weon , Jeon Jun-Bo , Moon Ryu-Jin , Oh Seungwon , Park Aehyun , Oh Min-Hee , Kim Min-Seok , Hwang Hyeon-Shik , Cho Jin-Hyoung
Published: February 2022

Objectives

To investigate the association between three-dimensional (3D) skeletal variables and self-recognition of facial asymmetry in skeletal Class III patients.

Materials and Methods

Questionnaires and cone beam computed tomography of 74 patients (42 men and 32 women; mean age: 22.8 ± 4.5 years) with skeletal Class III and facial asymmetry were collected retrospectively. Patients were classified into three groups: group Sy (recognition of symmetry), group NS (not sure), and group Asy (recognition of asymmetry), according to their responses to the questionnaires. To assess 3D anatomic differences in the maxillomandibular region, six 3D hard tissue variables: maxillary height, ramal length, frontal ramal inclination (FRI), lateral ramal inclination (LRI), mandibular body length (Mn BL), and mandibular body height (Mn BH) were compared among the three self-recognition groups. Six 3D hard tissue variables and Menton deviation were reduced into three factors and their association with the self-recognition of facial asymmetry was investigated.

Results

Maxillary height, FRI, LRI, Mn BH, and Menton deviation demonstrated significant differences among the three self-recognition groups. The reduced factors, which consisted of transverse and vertical parameters, and vertical parameter of the mandibular corpus, demonstrated significant differences among the three self-recognition groups. The difference in Mn BH influenced the self-recognition of facial asymmetry.

Conclusions

Both the transverse and vertical parameter of the skeleton were determinant in self-recognition of facial asymmetry. Identification of the skeletal difference in the lateral view involving LRI and Mn BH should be included for assessment of facial asymmetry.
MicroRNA-29 Ameliorates Fibro-Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in HIF1α-Deficient Obese Adipose Tissue by Inhibiting Endotrophin Generation
Authors: Jo Woobeen , Kim Min , Oh Jiyoung , Kim Chu-Sook , Park Chanho , Yoon Sora , Lee Changhu , Kim Sahee , Nam Dougu , Park Jiyoung
Published: February 2022

Dysregulation of extracellular matrix proteins in obese adipose tissue (AT) induces systemic insulin resistance. The metabolic roles of type VI collagen and its cleavage peptide endotrophin in obese AT are well established. However, the mechanisms regulating endotrophin generation remain elusive. Herein, we identified that several endotrophin-containing peptides (pre-endotrophins) were generated from the COL6A3 chain in a stepwise manner for the efficient production of mature endotrophin, partly through the action of hypoxia-induced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP2, MMP9, and MMP16. Hypoxia is an upstream regulator of COL6A3 expression and the proteolytic processing that regulates endotrophin generation. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and the hypoxia-associated suppression of microRNA-29 (miR-29) cooperatively control the levels of COL6A3 and MMPs, which are responsible for endotrophin generation in hypoxic ATs. Adipocyte-specific Hif1α knock-out (APN-HIF1αKO) mice fed a chronic high-fat diet exhibited the significant amelioration of both local fibro-inflammation in AT and systemic insulin resistance compared with their control littermates, partly through the inhibition of endotrophin generation. Strikingly, adenovirus-mediated miR-29 overexpression in the ATs of APN-HIF1αKO mice in obesity significantly decreased endotrophin levels, suggesting that miR-29, combined with HIF1α inhibition in AT, could be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Peer Support Interventions on Digital Platforms for Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Caregivers
Authors: Titoria Reena , Amed Shazhan , Tang Tricia S.
Published: February 2022

Peer support for children with type 1 diabetes and their caregivers has been recognized as a key component in diabetes management and mental health. In this era of digitization, support programs delivered via technology are growing rapidly, particularly with increased access to technology and social media. Although the development of different digital modalities for this purpose is in its early stages, five different types of digital platforms have been recognized: voice, text, website, video, and social media. This article discusses the significance of peer support and explores various digital peer support interventions in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes (0–18 years of age) and their caregivers.
SHARE plus: Delivering a Telehealth CGM Data-Sharing Intervention to Older Adults and Their Care Partners
Authors: Allen Nancy A. , Bristol Alycia , Grigorian Ernest G. , Iacob Eli , Berg Cynthia A. , Litchman Michelle L.
Published: February 2022

Care partners of older adults with type 1 diabetes often become part of the diabetes care team but lack knowledge of how to become involved with glucose management. This article describes a study confirming the feasibility of SHARE plus, a telehealth intervention involving continuous glucose monitoring and data-sharing to assist these individuals in working together on diabetes management. The intervention provides a strategy for increasing remote patient monitoring and facilitating care partner involvement in diabetes management.
Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes of Chronic Urticaria: Two-year Follow-up Results from the Scandinavian AWARE Study
Authors: Thomsen Simon F. , Pritzier Ellen C. , Anderson Chris D. , Juvik Siri , Baust Nicolas V. , Dodge Rikke , Dahlborn Anna-Karin , Vestergaard Christian
Published: February 2022

The AWARE (A World-wide Antihistamine-Refractory chronic urticaria patient Evaluation) study investigated outcomes in patients with chronic urticaria refractory to H1-antihistamine. The objective of the current study was to analyse the effects of treatment on patients’ symptoms and quality of life for a period of up to 2 years. Over the 2 years, there was clear improvement in the high rates of disease burden from baseline, as evidenced by lower scores for disease severity scales, better quality of life, and a decreasing rate of medical resource utilization. However, this is the result of treatment adherence to the guidelines in highly specialized Scandinavian urticaria centres, and has its basis in the relatively low treatment intensity and control at enrolment. There is a need for greater adherence to the treatment guidelines and better management of antihistamine-refractory chronic urticaria.
Prognostic of Recurrence of Ankle Sprain Injury in Athletes who Return to Sports Early
Authors: Chikih Chikih , Sudarsono Nani Cahyani , Widiastuti Elina , Prathama Nasution Anggia
Published: February 2022

Ankle sprains can occur in all athletes. The injuries are often considered minor but can occur repeatedly which can cause chronic complications. This evidence-based case report aims to determine the prognosis of recurrent ankle sprains resulting from returning to exercise too early. This report uses two databases for evidence collection, namely PubMed and Cochrane. Of the four articles, it was found that recurrent ankle sprains incidence rate was 33%, and neuromuscular training significantly reduced ankle sprain recurrence rates with relative risk 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.34-0.99) and hazard ratio 0.18 (95 % CI: 0.07-0.43). The healing time to the pre-injury state reached 93.8 ± 1.2 days for conventional therapy and 97.6 ± 1.5 days for a surgical procedure, and the time to return to exercise was 46.6 (95 % CI:15.4-70) days for conventional treatment and 55.2 ± 15.8 (95 % CI: 41.7 ± 9.8) days for surgical procedure. Using an ankle brace can help in healing and preventing recurrent injuries. Future more, proper handling and education about injuries and when is the optimal time to return to exercise can prevent relapse.
Keywords: ankle sprain, return to sports, recurrence injury.
 
Prognosis Kekambuhan Cedera Sprain Pergelangan Kaki Olahragawan Setelah Kembali Berolahraga Lebih Awal
Abstrak
Cedera sprain pergelangan kaki dapat terjadi pada semua atlet. Cedera tersebut sering dianggap ringan namun jika terjadi berulang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi kronik. Laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prognosis kejadian berulang cedera sprain pergelangan kaki akibat kembali berolahraga terlalu awal. Dua basis data digunakan dalam pengumpulan bukti, yakni PubMed dan Cochrane. Dari empat artikel didapati cedera sprain pergelangan kaki dapat terjadi berulang dengan incidence rate 33% dan menyatakan neuromuscular training secara signifikan mengurangi tingkat kekambuhan sprain pergelangan kaki dengan relative risk 0.63 (95% CI: 0.34-0.99) dan hazard ratio 0.18 (95% CI: 0.07-0.43). Waktu penyembuhan ke keadaan sebelum cedera 93.8±1.2 hari untuk terapi konvensional, 97.6±1.5 hari untuk tindakan operatif, waktu kembali berolahraga adalah 46.6 (95% CI:15.4-70) hari untuk tindakan konvensional dan 55.2 ± 15.8 (95 % CI: 41.7 ± 9.8) hari untuk tindakan operasi. Penggunaan penyangga pergelangan kaki dapat membantu proses penyembuhan dan pencegahan cedera berulang. Oleh karena itu penanganan dan edukasi yang tepat mengenai cedera dan menetapkan waktu yang tepat untuk kembali berolahraga dapat mencegah kekambuhan.
Kata kunci: cedera pergelangan kaki, kembali berolahraga, cedera berulang.
Capacitação da equipe de enfermagem sobre o reconhecimento precoce da deterioração do paciente hospitalizado
Authors: Jacintho Paloma , Aparecida Milena Caroline da , Saccomann Izabel Cristina Ribeiro da Silva
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Capacitar a equipe de enfermagem no reconhecimento precoce dos sinais de deterioração clínica do paciente hospitalizado. Métodos: Estudo intervencionista, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em agosto e setembro de 2019 na equipe de enfermagem de quatro unidades de internação de um hospital escola no interior do estado de São Paulo, com aplicação do escore de alerta precoce modificado (Modified Early Warning Score — MEWS) e de questionário com 12 questões para avaliação pós-intervenção. Os resultados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: A equipe de enfermagem é composta de 84 profissionais. Destes, foram capacitados 51 (60,7%). A maioria soube identificar os sinais e sintomas de deterioração clínica de paciente hospitalizado (40; 78,4%). O menor número de acertos foi em relação aos parâmetros que compõem a escala de MEWS (34; 66,6%). Na Internação Médica/Cirúrgica do 3º Leste e 2º Oeste, o índice de acertos da equipe de enfermagem foi menor quando comparado ao dos demais setores. Conclusão:  O estudo permitiu capacitar a equipe de enfermagem sobre a utilização do MEWS e a implantação do fluxograma de seguimento continuado do paciente. Embora dois setores tenham apresentado dificuldade em identificar os parâmetros que compõem a escala de MEWS e sua classificação, enfatiza-se a necessidade de capacitação contínua para que as medidas implementadas no fluxograma continuem tendo a eficácia desejada.
Políticas públicas de combate à infecção HIV/AIDS no Brasil:
Authors: Lise Claudia Ribeiro Zini , Lise Michael Laurence Zini , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Published: February 2022

Não se aplica - seção "Ponto de Vista"
CONHECIMENTO SOBRE O TEMA SOLOS DE ESTUDANTES DE ENGENHARIA AGRONÔMICA NO TOCANTINS
Authors: Ramos Michele Ribeiro , Paula de Oliveira Deyla , Caglioni Eder
Published: February 2022

O artigo teve como objetivo averiguar o conhecimento prévio sobre o tema solos com estudantes do 3º período dos cursos de Engenharia Agronômica de duas universidades do Tocantins. A atividade foi realizada em sala de aula no primeiro dia das disciplinas de solos, durante os anos de 2016 a 2019. As respostas foram categorizadas por similaridades de tema/assunto e analisadas com o uso da estatística descritiva e de conteúdo. De forma geral, as conceituações de solos dadas pelos estudantes corroboram conceitos chaves da área, mesmo que de forma simplificada. Para esses estudantes, o solo é importante e pode ser utilizado para diversas atividades como, por exemplo, produção alimentar. Contudo, constatamos que esses estudantes, em sua maioria, desconhecem o solo, simplificando sua composição e o representam de forma superficial, o que reforça a necessidade de uma maior educação em solos, visto que o solo é um componente essencial do meio ambiente.
Patterns and determinants of adherence to colorectal cancer primary and secondary prevention recommendations in the BC Generations Project
Authors: Sweeney-Magee Molly , Gotay Carolyn , Ehsanul Karim Mohammad , Telford Jennifer , Dummer Trevor
Published: February 2022

Introduction

Adherence to cancer prevention recommendations can greatly reduce colorectal cancer risk. This study explored patterns and determinants of adherence to these recommendations by participants (n = 26 074) at baseline in a cohort study in British Columbia, Canada.

Methods

Adherence to five colorectal cancer primary prevention behaviours derived from Canadian Cancer Society/World Cancer Research Fund recommendations (nonsmoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol consumption and fruit and vegetable consumption) was measured, and a composite score constructed based on their sum. The definition of secondary prevention adherence was based on the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care recommendations for colorectal cancer screening.

Results

Adherence to primary prevention guidelines ranged from 94.8% (nonsmoking) to 44.2% (healthy BMI). Median composite score was 4. Higher composite scores were associated with being female, being married and with a higher educational attainment. Colorectal cancer screening adherence was 62.4%. Older age, chronic conditions, a recent medical examination and higher income were associated with greater odds of adherence to screening.

Conclusion

Adherence to some colorectal cancer prevention behaviours was high, consistent with findings that British Columbia has low rates of many risky health behaviours. However, there was a clustering of poorer adherence to prevention behaviours with each other and with other risk factors. Screening adherence was high but varied with some sociodemographic and health factors. Future work should evaluate targeted interventions to improve adherence among those in the lowest socioeconomic status and health groups. A better understanding is also needed of the barriers to access and engagement with colorectal cancer screening that persist even in the Canadian public health care system.
DEVELOPING ENGLISH SPEAKING WORKHEETS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT BASED ON SCIENTIFIC APPROAACH FOR STUDENTS OF MARKETING PROGRAM AT SMK NEGERI 1 MEDAN
Authors: Lestari Suci Ayu , Husein Rahmad
Published: February 2022

DEVELOPING ENGLISH SPEAKING WORKHEETS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTBASED ON SCIENTIFIC APPROAACH FOR STUDENTS OF MARKETINGPROGRAM AT SMK NEGERI 1 MEDAN*Suci Ayu Lestari**Dr. Rahmad Husein, M.EdABSTRACTLestari, Suci Ayu. Registration Number: 2163321043. Developing English SpeakingWorksheets of Descriptive Text Based on Scientific Approach for Students ofMarketing Program at SMK Negeri 1 Medan. English Educational Program,Medan State University, 2021.The aim of this study was to develop English speaking worksheet of descriptive textbased on scientific approach for students of marketing program. This study wasconducted by using Research and Development (R&D) design through six stages;gathering information and data, analyzing data, designing materials, validating byexperts, revising, and final product. The subject of the study was grade X students ofSMK Negeri 1 Medan. The data were gathered by interviewing the English teacher,observing handbook, syllabus and the teaching and learning process and distributingquestionnaires to 33 respondents to get the students’ needs. The results of gathering thedata prove that the student needs English speaking worksheet which can motivate andencourage the students to speak actively in English. The result of the product was amarketing speaking worksheet based on six stages in scientific approach. The score ofvalidation from the validator was 95,3% and it was categorized as very good or relevant.Keywords:Worksheet, Speaking, Scientific Approach, English for Specific Purposes,Research and Development (R&D)
THE USE OF STORY FACE IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE TEXT IN SMK SWASTA DWIWARNA MEDAN
Authors: Damanik Maisaroh Sartika , Rika Rika , Erlita Yeni
Published: February 2022

THE USE OF STORY FACE IN TEACHING READINGCOMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE TEXT IN SMK SWASTADWIWARNA MEDAN*Maisaroh sartika Damanik**Rika**Yeni ErlitaABSTRACTThis study was aimed to find out the process of teaching reading comprehensionthrough story face of narrative text and students’ problems in the process oflearning reading comprehension through story face of narrative text. The researchwas conducted by using descriptive qualitative. The data were analyzed byqualitative analysis technique which consists of three procedures, namely: datacondentation, data display and drawing/conclusion. The data were the result ofobserving and interviewing of students at SMK Swasta Dwiwarna Medan. Thedata were analyzed based on teaching reading comprehension through story faceby Randolp (2012). The findings showed that the process of teaching learningreading by using story face could help the students in learning reading butteaching reading comprehension by using story face was still less effective ingrade tenth in SMK Swasta Dwiwarna Medan. The teacher had followed theprocedure well based on the Randolp(2012), but the teacher did not manage thetime well. There were some students’ problems in learning readingcomprehension of narrative text by using story face. The problems were: (a)students lack vocabulary mastery, (b) The students had problem to decode wordsand sentence, (c) Students had problem to get main idea of the text and to figureout the inference of the text, (d) Students had habit of slow reading, (e) Studentshad problem in working memory to remember the text, (f) students were beingpassive during learning process and they did not confidence, they felt afraid tomake a mistake in learning reading.Key words:Reading comprehension, students’ problems in learning reading,Story Face, Teaching reading story face.
TEACHER’S ROLE IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
Authors: Khairani Rizki , Sumarsih Sumarsih
Published: February 2022

TEACHER’S ROLE IN ENGLISH CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT *Rizki Khairani ** Prof. Dr. Sumarsih, M.Pd ABSTRACT Khairani, Rizki. Registration Number: 2161121035. Teacher’s Role In English Classroom Management. A Thesis, English Educational Program, Faculty Language and Arts, State University of Medan, 2021. This study deals with teacher roles used in English classroom management. The objectives of this study were to explain the teacher’s role and analyze how the teacher realize their role in English classroom management. A descriptive qualitative design used in this study. The data collected by observing the teacher’s role in two classes of grade ten and interview the two English teachers at SMA Negeri 11 Medan. The data analyzed based on Marmoah & Denmar theory. The findings of this study showed the first teacher did not apply teacher’s role as a motivator and evaluator. The second teacher applied seven teacher’s roles completely in teaching and learning process. It can be concluded that generally teaching and learning process of English subject in SMA Negeri 11 Medan was achieve the learning objective and have effective learning. In addition, the two teachers applied the roles of teacher as learning resource, facilitator, good manager, demonstrator, and guide while one of them did not apply the role of teacher as motivator, and evaluator. Keywords: Teacher’s Role, Classroom Management.
COST OF EQUITY CAPITAL AND UNDERSTATED PENSION LIABILITIES
Authors: Webb Bob , Yang Huan , Cai Jun , Huang Lin
Published: February 2022

Pension discount rates have a powerful effect on the size of reported defined benefit corporate pension liabilities because of the long-term nature of projected benefit obligations. Firms often choose pension discount rates that are above the guideline long-term Treasury, AAA-grade, and AA-grade corporate bond yields. We assess the sizes of understated pension liabilities relative to these benchmark interest rates and relate them to individual firms’ implied cost of equity. We find that firms with large understated pension liabilities have a higher implied cost of equity after taking into account standard control variables and other pension information such as funded status and mandatory contributions.
REV-OPOLY: A Study on Educational Board Game with Web-based Augmented Reality
Authors: Nordin Noradila , Mohd. Nordin Nur Rasyidah , Omar Wafa
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The use of technology in education is believed to enhance students’ learning experience. Technology such as Augmented Reality (AR) is increasingly used in the classroom through the use of gamification. This study aims to examine students' experience in using a board game with web-based Augmented Reality named REV-OPOLY in their learning. REV-OPOLY’s theme is on the emerging technology revolution concepts where in this board game, players can buy, rent and sell technologies through question cards to gain the opportunity to own the technology. AR is implemented into the game as the play pieces and part of the play cards. The respondents are the undergraduate students enrolled in Computer Application in Management course in Universiti Utara Malaysia. In this qualitative study, respondents will be tested through pre-test and post-test to compare the effectiveness and efficacy of REV-OPOLY compared to traditional methods of self-revision. The findings showed that 98.8% of the respondents are interest-ed in using REV-OPOLY in learning and 86.1% of them are satisfied with the structure of the game, mainly the multiplayer aspects of it (95.3%) which enforce interaction and discussion among the players (89.5%) and 93.0% agreed that they can learn better through the game as an informal learning medium. In this study, REV-OPOLY has shown to have received positive feedback from the respondents. Further research is required to assess the students’ learning outcomes and experience of REV-OPOLY.

 

Keywords: Augmented reality, Board game, Educational game, Gamification, Student-based learning
Knowledge and Perspective of Students Towards Biodiversity and its Conservation and Protection
Authors: Ericson E. Coracero , T. Facun Mark Christian , RB J. Gallego , G. Lingon Marlon , Kristina M. Lolong , Michelle M. Lugayan , Karl Benz G. Montesines , Lesel R. Sangalang , Mark John A. Suniega
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The study aimed to assess the students’ extent of knowledge and identify their perspectives towards biodiversity and its protection and conservation. A total of 268 randomly selected students at Aurora State College of Technology were involved in the study. Survey questionnaires were used to obtain data and information which were subjected to statistical tests. The students had a moderate knowledge level on biodiversity with a mean score of 6.65 out of 10 items (SD = 1.50). Their perspective on biodiversity was leaning toward its protection and conservation, with a mean score of 7.2 out of 10 items (SD = 1.29). Factors affecting the students’ knowledge were gender (p = .003) and academic department (p = 0.003). Females and those associated with the Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences and Department of Industrial technology were found to have more knowledge than the others. Males, on the other hand, were found to have more positive perspectives towards biodiversity. Knowledge and perspective had a weak correlation with r = 0.39. Students were not well-aware, but were in support of the Philippines’ biodiversity-related laws, which could help shape their mindset and actions towards biodiversity conservation and protection. Thus, the college administration must revisit the curricula of all degree programs and ensure that students from each degree program are environmentally educated, emphasizing biodiversity conservation.

 

Keywords: Biodiversity education, Biodiversity conservation, Biodiversity protection, Knowledge, Perspective
The The Role, Experience, and Challenges to Headmasters of Indigenous Primary Schools amid Covid-19 in Malaysia
Authors: Jessica Lopez , Salim Siti Suria , Zaremohzzabieh Zeinab , Ahrari Seyedali
Published: February 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the role, experiences, and challenges of principals in Orang Asli primary schools during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study is a qualitative study using purposive sampling to select the informants. The data was gathered from in-depth semi-structured interviews with the principals. "Roles and responsibilities," "challenges during the Covid-19 epidemic," and "strategies and expectations" were the three primary themes discovered throughout the analysis. The findings of the study emphasized the critical role of principals in managing their schools, especially during unprecedented situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic. By identifying these emerging themes, principals and educational policy-makers can focus on their current efforts while facilitating and accommodating the needs of their workforce, families, and students. This study also contributed to the body of knowledge regarding the importance of leadership in school organizations.

Keywords: Indigenous, Orang Asli, experiences, headmaster education, Covid-19 pandemic.
The The Relationship Between School Heads’ Transformational and Structural Leadership Styles Towards Teachers’ Teaching Motivation
Authors: M Mohd Siraj Mohd Asraf , Md Rami Ahmad Aizuddin , Abdul Aziz Nor Azni , Mohd Anuar Mohd Ashraff
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Leadership is crucial in an organisation’s long-term viability and incredibly motivating teachers. Theoretical and conceptual searches for leadership styles that work in any situation, such as teachers’ teaching motivation and with any set of followers, have never been more abundant in the field of leadership research. However, some findings reported that there had been some uncertainty about the relationship of leadership styles towards teacher teaching motivation in some schools. Hence, this study is designed to get the response of primary school teachers in Sabah on the school heads’ transformational and structural leadership styles, the level of teachers’ teaching motivation, and the relationship between the school heads’ transformational and structural leadership styles towards teachers’ teaching motivation. This study is a descriptive quantitative study conducted through a survey using a questionnaire from the instruments of L. Bolman Personnel correspondents for structural leadership style, MLQ (Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire) for transformational leadership style, and A Questionnaire Measure of Individual Differences in Achieving Tendency (QMAT) for teaching motivation. The study involved 350 respondents from primary schools in Sabah. The analysis of the findings uses frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson correlation analysis with determination = 0.05. The results showed that teachers’ response in primary school in Sabah to the leadership style of the school heads is at a satisfactory level. The study also found a significant relationship between the school heads’ leadership styles towards teachers’ teaching motivation. This study supports the findings of other studies, whereby the headmaster leadership styles influence teachers’ level of teaching motivation in schools.

 

Keywords: Transformational leadership styles, structural leadership styles, teachers’ motivation
Analysis of the properties of matrix rank and the relationship between matrix rank and matrix operations
Authors: Ma Jiying
Published: February 2022

This paper discusses the invariance of the rank of a matrix, the conditions and applications of matrix inequalities, the relationship between matrix rank and matrix operations, the relationship with matrix reversibility, the linear correlation with vector groups and the zero relationship of eigenvalue algebra multiples and other properties. The application of the rank of the matrix in linear algebra, analytic geometry, probability theory, etc. is obtained.
Lithuanian Folk Architecture Research as a Repository for the Study of Urban Form
Authors: Cirtautas Matas , Alistratovaitė-Kurtinaitienė Inesa , Dijokienė Dalia
Published: February 2022

Despite the increasingly global orientation of urban morphology, there still remain countries whose achievements in the field of urban form research are underrepresented. Although the attempts to study settlement form in Lithuania were rather early, the second half of the 20th century was the most productive period. The article presents context, process and findings of the folk architecture research, which became the nurturing environment for the establishment of contemporary urban form studies in Lithuania.
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Healthcare Waste and Resource Potential Assessment
Authors: Zlaugotne Beate , Pubule Jelena , Gusca Julija , Kalnins Silvija Nora
Published: February 2022

Among other sectors prioritized in delivering the circular economy targets, such a major sector as health care should also be highlighted. According to World Bank data, current health expenditure is still rising, reaching globally 10.02 % in 2016 compared to 8.56 % in 2000. To ensure protection of public health, the management of health care waste should be based on the waste management hierarchy. Besides the preventive measures (waste minimization, green procurement, sustainable planning, environmental management systems), treatment methods should also be viewed in the context of the waste management hierarchy. To analyse the possibility to apply circular economy principles into health care waste management, evaluation of resource recovery alternatives as well as its multi-dimensional assessment was done. In the article quantitative and qualitative assessment was conducted through multicriteria decision analysis with a goal to do a quantitative and qualitative assessment of healthcare waste and resource potential assessment.
Specific manifestation of innovative university initiatives in different regimes of the "triple helix" organization
Authors: YARUSHKINA Natal'ya A.
Published: February 2022

Subject. The article considers the innovative interaction of universities with the government and the business.
Objectives. The purpose is to define the role of universities in shaping innovation.
Methods. The study employs the systems, graph and analytical methods of research.
Results. The study shows that in conditions of innovation-driven economy, the "Triple Helix" is one of promising organizational systems of interaction between universities, the business and the State. I performed a comparative analysis of "Triple Helix" organization modes, defined the role functions of initiator subjects of innovative activity, and executor subjects of innovative activity that provide the innovative development of established ecosystems.
Conclusions. The balanced regime of the "Triple Helix" organization is the most effective from the standpoint of innovation activity of universities in their interaction with the State and the business, since it contributes to the synergistic effect through the integration of roles of the initiator and the executor of various functions.
Assessing the investment appeal of metallurgical companies
Authors: SIDOROVA Elena Yu. , KOSTYUKHIN Yurii Yu.
Published: February 2022

Subject. The article deals with investment activity.
Objectives. We focus on the analysis of investment potential of metal companies in Russia.
Methods. The study applies regression and correlation techniques.
Results. We developed correlation matrices and regression models, enabling to select risk-dominant factors and macroeconomic indicators to assess investment attractiveness.
Conclusions. The model of forecasting the stock quotes will help comprehensively assess the situation and make rational and effective management decisions that contribute to improving the competitiveness of companies.
Public-private partnership and economic growth strategy
Authors: SIL'VESTROV Sergei N. , KRUPNOV Yurii A. , ZOLOTAREV Evgenii V. , LAPENKOVA Natal'ya V.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article deals with the issues of relations between the State and business, and improving competitiveness. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the problem of incomplete compliance of the nature of the partnership with the prevailing conditions for the functioning of the Russian and world economies. The article also aims to develop and substantiate a conceptual conservative model of cooperation between business and government. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of logical, statistical, and retrospective analyses. Results. The article notes that to ensure a balanced development of the economy, partnership should become an important tool for long-term policies aimed at improving the technology level and competitiveness. The national goals of the Russian Federation set the general direction of cooperation. Conclusions. The conservative model of cooperation between the State and business involves building relationship within the framework of an export-oriented strategy for the economy's development.
Assessment of the state of water resources as an element of the production infrastructure of the Navoiy Region: Challenges and solutions
Authors: SAYFULINA Alfira F.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the use of water resources.
Objectives. The article aims to study prospects for the development of the water supply system of the Navoiy Region districts of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Methods. For the study, I used a comparative analysis.
Results. Based on the calculation of water savings in the districts of the Navoiy Region and official statistical data, the article presents diagrams of the distribution of water resources and proposes ways to solve the problem of their shortage.
Conclusions. It is necessary to further study the problems in the field of water supply, introduce information, communication and digital technologies, and implement various agro-engineering measures.
Verwaltete Vielfalt. Die königlichen Tafelgüter in Polen-Litauen, 1697–1763
Authors: Collmer Peter
Published: February 2022

Vielfalt prägte das frühneuzeitliche Europa. Am Beispiel der königlichen Domänen in Polen-Litauen lässt sich dies besonders gut zeigen. Die landwirtschaftlichen Güter der königlichen "Tafel" (mensa regia) lagen wie ein Archipel über das Territorium der Adelsrepublik verstreut. Sie bildeten eine herrschaftliche Kontaktzone, die sich durch sprachliche, konfessionelle und strukturelle Diversität auszeichnete und in der auch unterschiedliche Herrschaftskulturen aufeinandertrafen. Dies gilt besonders für die Jahrzehnte nach 1697, als mit August II. (dem "Starken") und August III. zwei sächsische Kurfürsten auf dem polnischen Thron saßen. Die königliche Eigenwirtschaft entwickelte sich nun zunehmend zu einer Keimzelle der Bürokratisierung und des frühmodernen Staates auf dem Territorium Polen-Litauens. Peter Collmer zeigt am Beispiel der polnisch-litauischen Adelsrepublik, was Vielfalt für die Konzeption und Realisierung von Herrschaft vor dem Zeitalter des Nationalismus bedeutete. Er versteht Herrschaft als kommunikativen Prozess und kontrastiert die Geschichte der Institutionen immer wieder durch Einblicke in die Lebenswelten der Akteure.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE ENTERPRISE CAPITAL STRUCTURE
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kremen Olga , Kolos Viktoriia ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Kremen Viktoriia ,   Sumy State University, Dementovych Bohdana ,   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design
Published: February 2022

The article investigates the theoretical and methodological foundations of optimizing of the enterprise capital structure. The essence of the categories «capital» and «capital structure» of the business entity is determined. A comprehensive analysis of scientific approaches to their interpretation, as well as methodical methods of optimizing the capital structure, the characteristics and components are identified are highlighted. The groups of methods of this process are studied: normative-coefficient, single-criteria and multicriteria, their key advantages and disadvantages are considered. Normative-coefficient methods include methods based on the use of financial ratios. When forming the capital structure, the coefficients average values in the respective industry are taken into account as a reference point. The main single-criteria searching methods for optimality in the capital formation sources structure are investigated: maximizing the financial profitability level using the financial leverage mechanism, minimizing the cost of capital, minimizing the financial risks level. Restrictions for finding the optimal ratio of own and borrowed funds are consolidated into an one multi-criteria system. Based on these methods, the PE «EVROSEM» capital structure is optimized. Taking into account the problem of achieving a capital components rational proportion based on simultaneous compliance with the several optimization criteria requirements a target capital structure complex indicator based on industry affiliation is developed, which is a weighted average value with the specific weights of each method in the integral assessment of the equity and borrowed funds ratio. Prospects for changing of the PE «EVROSEM» market value when reaching a strategic capital structure are outlined, which consist in the fact that by increasing the share of own funds in their total volume, based on the economic added value mechanism, it is possible to obtain an increase in the enterprise market price.
The institutional organization of health in Colombia and its disconnection with the common good and mutuality
Authors: Álvarez Juan Fernando , Gordo Granados Miguel , Zabala Salazar Hernando
Published: February 2022

This chapter analyzes the provision of health services in Colombia, which are constitutionally recognized even if in reality they are far from being guaranteed in terms of gratuity and universal coverage for most of the population. A situation possibly brought about by the market orientation promoted by the legal framework and the effects it has brought in terms of general interest, in exclusion and in the tendency towards the deterioration in the provision of services. Some of the actors in the system, characterized by a common property, offer a real and effective alternative in getting closer to the right to health for all. In this context, the organizational logic of mutual associations stands out as an instrument to optimize public health policy even if a new institutional dynamic is required, with anew relation between the State and social organizations. A relation in which the concept of common good is an appropriate starting point and finality as a strategy of governing the institutional agreements that improve the relations between the public organisms and the citizens.
Synthesis of -Tosyloxylated gem-Difluoroalkanes via Oxidative Fluorination of Vinyl Sulfonates Featuring A [2,3]-Sulfonyloxy Migration
Authors: Wang Honggen , Tu Fang-Hai , Li Zhan , Yang Shuang , Li Yin , Tan Dong-Hang , Li Qingjiang
Published: February 2022

The gem-difluoroalkanes widely exist in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. Reported herein is a facile synthesis of tosyloxylated gem-difluoroalkanes via an oxidative fluorination of readily available vinyl sulfonates. An intriguing [2,3]-sulfonyloxy migration is involved as a key step. The OTs group in the product enables a divergent and modular synthesis of a wide variety of functionalized gem-difluoroalkanes via reliable SN2 reactions. Notable features of this protocol include mild reaction conditions, high efficiency and remarkably good functional-group tolerance.
Neural ordinary differential equations and recurrent Neural Networks for Predicting the State of Health of Batteries
Authors: Pepe Simona , Liu Jiapeng , Quattrocchi Emanuele , Ciucci Francesco
Published: February 2022

Battery management systems require efficient battery prognostics so that failures can be prevented, and efficient operation guaranteed. In this work, we develop new models based on neural networks and ordinary differential equations (ODE) to forecast the state of health (SOH) of batteries and predict their end of life (EOL). Governing differential equations are discovered using measured capacities and voltage curves. In this context, discoveries and predictions made with neural ODEs, augmented neural ODEs, predictor-corrector recurrent ODEs are compared against established recurrent neural network models, including long short-term memory and gated recurrent units. The ODE models show good performance, achieving errors of 1% in SOH and 5% in EOL estimation when predicting 30% of the remaining battery’s cycle life. Variable cycling conditions and a range of prediction horizons are analyzed to evaluate the models’ characteristics. The results obtained are extremely promising for applications in SOH and EOL predictions.
Uji Penggunaan Sianida Sebagai Sumber Karbon dan atau Nitrogen oleh Bakteri Bacillus Cereus dan Pseudomonas Fluorescens
Authors: Elin Nurlina
Published: February 2022

Dalam Peraturan pemerintah (PP) No 19/1994 dan PP No.12/1995 tentang limbah B3 (Bahan berbahaya dan beracun), sianida dan senyawa-senyawa termasuk dalam kelompok bahan berbahaya dan beracun. Banyak sumber sianida di lingkungan, salah satunya bersumber dari buangan industri tapioka dan industri elektroplating. Karena itu upaya pengolahan limbah untuk menghilangkan racun sianida perlu dilakukan.

Pengolahan limbah biologi dengan sistem lumpur aktif, diarahkan untuk menurunkan atau menyisihkan substrat yang mengandung sianida dengan menggunakan jasa mikroba. Namun . Untuk lebih jauh mengetahui bagaimana pemanfaatan senyawa sianida oleh mikroba yang terkandung dalam air buangan tersebut, dalam penelitian ini dilakukan uji penggunaan sianida oleh bakteri Bacillus cereus dan Pseudomonas fluorescens, yang merupakan bakteri dominan hasil isolasi dari sistem pengolah limbah tersebut. Uji dengan menggunakan variasi komposisi media dengan menggunakan senyawa KSCN sebagai pengganti sumber karbon dan atau nitrogen, dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor batch pada kondisi aerob.

Dari hasil uji penggunaan sianida, menunjukkan bahwa bakteri Bacillus cereus mampu menggunakan sianida sebagai sumber karbon dan nitrogen dengan laju pertumbuhan spesifik (Âµ) sebesar Âµ=0.0061/Jam. Sedangkan bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens mampu menggunakan sianida hanya sebagai sumber nitrogen dengan laju pertumbuhan spesifik (Âµ) sebesar Âµ=0.0085/Jam
Pengaruh Waktu Pemanasan dan Jarak Koil pada Pengerasan Induksi terhadap Sifat Mekanik dan Struktur Mikro Baja KRUPP 1191
Authors: Kusharjanto  , Abrianto Akuan  , Ari Irawan
Published: February 2022

Proses pengerasan permukaan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kekerasan permukaan pada komponen yang mengalami beban puntir dan gesekan. Salah satu metoda yang dapat dipakai dalam proses ini adalah proses pengerasan induksi. Proses pengerasan permukaan induksi yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ditujukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik baja KRUPP 1191 (DIN.1.1191) atau baja karbon medium 0,45% C, dengan memvariasikan parameter waktu proses dan jarak koil pemanas terhadap kekerasan, ketebalan lapisan terkeraskan dan struktur mikro. Variasi parameter waktu adalah 2, 4 dan 6detik sedangkan jarak koil pemanas terhadap benda kerja 1, 2 dan 4mm. Hasil pengujian kekerasan menunjukkan nilai kekerasan permukaan maksimum sebesar 66,4HRC diperoleh untuk waktu proses 6 detik dengan jarak 1mm. Distribusi nilai kekerasan dari permukaan ke inti menunjukkan nilai yang semakin rendah dengan ketebalan lapisan terkeraskan maksimum pada waktu proses 6 detik dengan jarak 1mm sebesar 16,0mm atau 100% dari diameter uji. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa semakin lama waktu proses maka ketebalan lapisan terkeraskan semakin besar. Jarak koil dengan variasi 1, 2 dan 4 mm tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang mencolok bila dibandingkan dengan waktu proses. Struktur mikro yang terbentuk pada daerah terkeraskan adalah martensit sedangkan pada daerah tidak terkeraskan struktur mikronya sama seperti material awal yaitu terdiri dari ferit dan perlit.
Görsel bir kodlama sistemi olarak grafik simge kavramı
Authors: DENİZ Kemalettin , ÖZTÜRK İsmail Yavuz
Published: February 2022

Halka açık alanlarda ve imal edilmiş ürünler üzerinde her dilden ve kültürden insanı bilgilendirmek, yönlendirmek veya onlara yönerge vermek amacıyla grafik simgeler evrensel bir kodlama sistemi olarak sıkça kullanılır duruma gelmiştir. Ancak yaygın kullanımına rağmen bu kodlama sistemine birbirinden farklı adlar verilmektedir. Ayrıca bu adların gönderimde bulundukları anlamlar arasında tutarsızlıklar mevcuttur. Bu nedenle araştırmayla, grafik simge kavramını temsil etmek üzere tercih edilen terimlerin ve bu kavrama yüklenen anlamların belirlenerek söz konusu kavramın anlam sınırlarının çizilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Model bakımından nitel bir araştırma olan bu çalışmada doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Betimsel analiz yaklaşımına uygun olarak elde edilen veriler ışığında, kavramın anlam sınırları belirlenmiş ve niçin grafik simge teriminin uygun görüldüğü açıklanarak bu terimin kullanılması gerektiği önerisinde bulunulmuştur.