bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosing the Level of Job Performance for a Sample of the Directorates of the Iraqi Ministry of Interior: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Jabbouri Prof Dr Nada Ismaeel , Abdullah Munaf Sameer
Published: June 2021

The research aims to diagnose the level of job performance in the directorates of the Iraqi
Ministry of Interior ,The current research adopted the descriptive analytical method ,Starting
from a problem and questions that emerged from a main question (were the leaders of the
surveyed directorates able to improve job performance, Its data were collected from (101)
respondents who represent the research sample in an intentional, quota, way, after being
completely enumerated Represented by managers (department managers, division managers),
the questionnaire was adopted as a tool for collecting research data, which included (40)
paragraphs by which the variables investigated in (the Directorate of Relations and media ,
the Directorate of Planning and Follow-up, the Directorate of Systems and Informatics, the
Directorate of Identities and Leaves), were measured, Personal interviews and field
observations were used, and the research adopted a program (SMART PLS V.3.3, Spss V.26)
with the adoption of descriptive statistics methods (normal distribution test, confirmatory and
exploratory factor analysis, structural modeling, arithmetic mean, percentages, standard
deviation, and relative importance, The coefficient of relative variance, the Pearson
correlation coefficient, the coefficient of simple and multiple regression), The research
concluded with the most prominent result represented in the direction of the leaders of the
surveyed directorates towards contextual performance, which indicates that their employees
carry out tasks that go beyond their official roles and their quest to volunteer in additional
activities and help others, as well as the leaders’ interest in the job performance of their
employees, so I proceeded to improve it, as well as directly improving the performance of the
task.
A REVIEW STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF FUNGI AND AFLATOXIN ON STEM CELLS
Authors: Alfayyadh Iman Hadi , Khudhair Ihsan Hameed
Published: June 2021

Infection with pathogenic fungi, such as invasive Aspergillosis, remains a major
infectious disease. Causes of death after transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells
(HSCT), although a new antibody to bacteria has been present in recent years. The
increase in deaths due to infection with fungi such as Aspergillus is mainly due to the
difficulty of diagnosing invasive fungi in the early stages of development because
laboratory tests require a combination of multiple procedures, low-quality tests and
other surgical procedures in the case of detection of fungi. This study sheds light on
Research that has dealt with focusing on the relationship between fungi and the toxins
they produce, such as aflatoxin toxins, and the deaths that occur after stem cell
transplantation in many patients who need this type of treatment. Shedding light on
these studies can take a positive turn to saving the lives of many patients by discovering
the reasons behind the occurrence of deaths after a stem cell transplant. It was found
through the studies covered in this report that most of the antibodies in the blood of
patients were Positive ring against fungi that were present in-patient samples such as
sputum, blood, diuresis and other samples in addition to false positive rings, as well as
negative rings, but at lower rate
A CRITICAL REVIEW ON THE EFFECT OF FEED TO INOCULUM RATIO ON BIOGAS DIGESTION
Authors: Kalyani M , Suran Shalini , Ramya P
Published: June 2021

This paper primarily focuses on the effect of feed to inoculum ratio on biogas digestion; and
outlines the various feeds, inoculums, and synergistic effects of the combination of inoculums by
referring to the literature. The Start-up of an anaerobic digestion system is highly critical and
pivotal for the successful operation of an anaerobic digester. For this purpose, a certain amount of
inoculum is added to the digester along with the substrate to provide the necessary
microorganisms to initiate the digestion process. The ratio and the type of inoculum used
substantially affect the rate of biodegradation and the lag time. The degradation of substrate
depends on the concentration of microorganisms. When food waste was considered as the feed it
was found that factors such as waste oil content, the addition of alkaline buffer, particle size,
organic loading rate had a considerable effect on the feed to inoculum ratio. Studies considering
some other feeds such as animal by products from piggery slaughterhouses, poultry
slaughterhouse wastes, agro-industrial waste, anaerobically digested sludge obtained from
municipal wastewater, and dewatered digestate cake were also compared. Hence, the objective of
this study is to offer an integrated view of the appropriate feed and the inoculum under the effect
of various other essential parameters. The major performance indicators from this study were
found to be particle size of inoculum, organic loading rate, the addition of alkaline buffer, F/I
ratio, and structure of inoculum
Reto Diagnóstico: Hipoacusia, Enteropatía Autoinmune y Linfadenopatia de Kikuchi – un Debut Inusual de LES.
Authors: Coronado Ana Karina , McCalla Ricardo , Stichweh Dorothee , Rodriguez Geneva
Published: June 2021

El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) puede presentarse de muchas maneras y puede ser difícil de diagnosticar. En ocasiones puede ser difícil distinguir la enfermedad subyacente, ya que se sabe que el LES mismo causa síntomas gastrointestinales e incluso malabsorción. Este caso refleja los desafíos de diagnóstico que enfrentamos durante la larga y complicada hospitalización de una adolescente con compromiso sistémico, síndrome febril, malabsorción, marcadores inflamatorios elevados, hipoacusia, nefritis, linfadenitis necrotizante histiocítica.
Características Clínicas y Demográficas de la Enfermedad Celíaca en Panamá
Authors: Chanis Aguilar Ricardo
Published: June 2021

Introducción: La enfermedad celíaca es un proceso sistémico de carácter inmunológico, desencadenado por el consumo de gluten, que se da en sujetos genéticamente predispuestos. Es una condición prevalente a nivel mundial con síntomas comunes con otras patologías gastrointestinales y no gastrointestinales. En Panamá es una entidad conocida pero poco estudiada. Materiales y Método: El diseño del estudio fue observacional, descriptivo y de carácter retrospectivo en población pediátrica y adulta de la República de Panamá en unidades de gastroenterología públicas y privadas que proporcionaron sus archivos clínicos recolectados en un documento elaborado para uniformidad de las variables. Resultados: Se analizó la información de 171 expedientes. Se dividió la información en pacientes pediátricos y pacientes adultos encontrando 68 casos menores de 15 años y 103 casos mayores de 15 años. La proporción de casos masculinos y femenino fue de 1:1. De la totalidad de casos estudiados, la mayoría eran de la ciudad de Panamá en un 77% y de los extranjeros diagnosticados la población israelí fue la más frecuentemente encontrada en un 76%. Los síntomas gastrointestinales más frecuentemente encontrados fueron la distensión abdominal, diarrea crónica y pérdida de peso respectivamente. La dermatitis herpetiforme, patología tiroidea y las aftas orales fueron las condiciones no gastroenterológicas más frecuentemente encontradas. La Diabetes mellitus tipo I fue la patología encontrada que coexistió con enfermedad celíaca. Conclusión: Con este estudio de carácter epidemiológico, se ha demostrado que la enfermedad celíaca es prevalente en nuestro medio sin poder mostrar un porcentaje específico.
A Comparative Study on Responsive Façade Systems
Authors: Kızılörenli Ecenur , Maden Feray
Published: June 2021

As the interaction between architecture and technology have increased, the technology changed the decisions made on the building designs. The developments in building technology, material sciences, engineering and robotics have opened up a new perspective in architecture leading to kinetic architecture. Among the examples of the kinetic architecture, responsive facades have become more significant in the last decades due the advantages they provide. Compared to the conventional façade systems, the responsive facades are multifunctional since they can reduce the building’s heating and cooling loads, control daylight transmission, allow natural ventilation and provide optimal indoor environment for the occupants. In recent years, various responsive facades have been realized in response to the changing environmental, functional or spatial conditions. Although they seem similar in terms of the functionality, their systems are different. This paper aims to propose a comparison matrix to analyse and compare such responsive facades systematically according to their system types, movements, functions, control systems, response time and visibility.
Spatial Evaluation Based on The Volume of Space Utilization in Low-Income Public Housing
Authors: Helen Nurrul , Ellisa Evawani
Published: June 2021

The need for storage space at home has increased following the Covid-19 pandemic, yet in the design process of residential space, storing space is often neglected. Some scholars warned that cramped and crowded spaces potentially affect the residents' physical and mental health. This study proposes an analysis of residential space based on space utilization volume, which is divided into three parts: domestic space, storing space, and dead space. This research was conducted in the Rusun Dakota, a low-cost apartment building in Jakarta, Indonesia. We use a mix of qualitative and quantitative observation methods, 3D modeling, and space utilization volume calculations. We found that: 1) an average of half of the space volume is used for domestic space; 2) less than 20% is used for storing space, and 3) more than a third of the space volume is dead space. The latter potent to be utilized as storing space, although we do not recommend using the whole dead space. The finding unfolds opportunities for further research to find the optimal proportion for storing space.
The Importance of the Thermal Aspects in Designing Public Buildings Along with Timber Structures
Authors: Stavrov Kire , Trpevski Strahinja , Draganovski Darko
Published: June 2021

One of the most challenging aspects of buildings at present times is the process of merging thermal with environmental qualities in architecture. Therefore, to execute this process, it is necessary to have healthy and sustainable design strategies. One of the main problems in this joint strategy is providing efficiency, quality, and aesthetics within the buildings. Raising the question of this topic in the public buildings makes this issue even more complex and more emblematic. Before delivering a certain indoor quality of the structures, there is a tremendous necessity of proposing sustainable and efficient design approaches. Accordingly, in this text, wood buildings are taken into account. This research integrates sustainability and thermal aspects of public building design such as libraries. For that reason, the application of the results may find a place between various design methodologies to indicate thermal qualities.
Exploring Blockchain in the Realm of a Network of Positive Energy Buildings
Authors: Sibilla Maurizio , Blumberg George
Published: June 2021

Positive Energy Blocks (PEBs) is a paradigm useful in the transition to a low carbon economy. This novel approachmakes use the collective ownership of renewable energy generation and storage system to optimise their use. Inaddition to the networking of devices, PEBs also require a suite of managerial systems that can be used to integratedata with the network. One possible solution to this integration is by using Blockchain technology, which has thepotential to resolve several issues in data management, security, and community integration. However, the use ofBlockchains within PEBs has not been fully engineered or tested, and this paper presents the results of an explorationinto possible solutions. The methods adopted in this research are descriptive and exploratory approaches inmodelling a network of PEBs. This research points out how Blockchain technology would be used in the organisationprocess within a network of PEBs and would be useful for academics and professionals interested in delivering a newgeneration of buildings and services and in promoting collaborations.
Graph Database Modelling on Malay Architecture IFC Data
Authors: Ariful Furqon Muhammad , Faisal Gun , Fadilah Najwa Nina
Published: June 2021

Architecture is the manifestation of society and its cultural practice. Preserving the architecture is an important thingthat must be done both physically and digitally. One of the architectural cultures that must be preserved is Malayarchitecture. A method to preserve Malay architecture is to model it in the form of a graph database. Graphdatabases have shown excellent capabilities in understanding and accessing complex and rich datasets in manydifferent domains. In this study, a graph database was modelled on the Malay architecture's Industry FoundationClasses (IFC) data. The methodologies used in this study were: (1) generate Malay architecture's IFC from Buildinginformation modelling (BIM) software; (2) Parse IFC; (3) IFC meta-data graph modelling; and (4) IFC object graphmodelling. The expected result of this research is a graph database modelling which will be developed further bydefining queries to solve problems of Malay architectural models.
Model Proposal for Integrating VR/AR Technologies in Building Construction Project in Architecture Education During Covid-19
Authors: Seyman Güray Tayibe , Kısmet Burcu
Published: June 2021

Information technologies including VR/AR; by providing an immersive environment, contain wide range of innovative opportunities in architecture education, particularly for the Covid-19 pandemic that forced online education. Recent literature reviews show the increase on the adaptation of VR/AR technologies in architecture education, since it improves learners’ outcomes and tutors-learners’ interactions. However, implication of these technologies is frequently seen in design studios, whereas building construction education continues mostly its traditional approach. The study aims to close the gap in this area by proposing a model to integrate VR/AR technologies in building construction education by the assistance of BIM tools in order to boost the effectiveness. This model is developed for the building construction project course, shows step by step integration of related tools and technics to obtain the learning outcomes efficiently during online education in Covid-19 Pandemic. Considering the pandemic conditions, the proposed model involves creative usage of VR/AR tools in terms of distance learning.
Earthen Domes as an Economical and Sustainable Alternative to the Refugees' Camps in the Northern Region of Syria
Authors: Alfayyad Mohammed
Published: June 2021

As a result of the years-long conflict in Syria, many Syrians have been forced to move to safer areas near the SyrianTurkish border in the north. As a result of the deteriorating economic conditions, the displaced people are forced to live in tents in camps that lack the basic needs of human beings. In addition, these camps did not protect the residents from the severe weather conditions in summer and winter. This paper proposes a sustainable economic solution by building special earthen domes that provide independence and social interactions between the residents of the camp. The solution presents different architectural models that are adapted to the needs of the displaced and provide thermal insulation and consider the economic and social aspects by relying on earth in providing the building materials. The displaced may participate in building their own houses in a way that secures decent life.
The Influence of Diverse Building Height and Building Coverage Ratio on Outdoor Thermal Performance in Hot Climates: A Review
Authors: Ashraf Adly Mariam , M. Galal Omar
Published: June 2021

Although urban form can significantly affect outdoor climatic conditions, urban planners do not sufficiently consider such impact while designing new urban communities in Egypt. Proper configuration of urban blocks can make positive contribution to alleviating the adverse effects of urban climate. However, new cities are constructed to be formed from lowly dense buildings that overlook curvilinear streets networks without considering orientation. Furthermore, the use of unified building heights, spaces of low aspect ratio and high sky view factor lead to less shaded areas. The research at hand aims to shed light on literature that discuss urban form parameters and their relation with outdoor spaces thermal performance in warmer climates. These studies are classified, analysed and compared in terms of the investigated parameters, and the methodological approach of each study. The findings can help defining gaps in the existing literature while providing holistic overview of the current state of art.
Minimizing the Carbon Footprint by Using Rammed Earth Technique
Authors: Halit Alkadri Muhammet , ÇETİN RUKİYE
Published: June 2021

The construction sector holds a large of share in carbon dioxide emissions. in pursuit of minimizing the carbon footprint, it started applying new building techniques and employing environmentally friendly materials One of those applications is rammed earth wall which was originally a traditional construction method that uses soil as the main material. The purpose of this study is to propose the rammed earth technique as an alternative approach for minimizing carbon footprint. It is also discussed its thermal behaviour and required energy to construct. The advantages and disadvantages are stated accordingly. This paper help architects to rethink the traditional techniques which use soil as the main material and how they can reuse it in their design of more sustainable buildings. As a result, minimizing the carbon footprint in the built environment.
Black Spot Analysis on National Highway in Palembang
Authors: Nisumanti Sartika , Alfuady Febryandi , Mentari Yunita
Published: June 2021

In the last five years, the number of accidents that have been occurred in Palembang, South Sumatra Province reached 7.016 incidents. This research aims to discover the characteristics of traffic accidents and accident-prone (black spot) locations. The characteristic of a traffic accidents will be analyzed by questionnaire, while the black spot analysis will be investigated based on the frequency (death, seriously injured), INDII Aus-Aid and AEK. The result of the components of accidents presented that the road users was the main factor of traffic accidents with around 83 %, 87% of incidents happened less than 3 (three) every month, and 47 % of the sacrifice of seriously injured, in which the highest gender victims was male (83%). The Black Spot analysis outcome at Soekarno Hatta Street located at STA 23 + 500, in which Soekarno Hatta Street experienced the most common traffic disaster with 110 of the circumstances were 31 casualty who passed away, 39 heavily wounded, and the material loss gained Rp. 10.439.901.000.
Cycle End of Boats' life and Coasts for creative projects on built environments in the post-pandemic future
Authors: Maccarrone Maria
Published: June 2021

Some coastal landscapes have become places of abandonment of boats at the end of their life. A growing phenomenon that affects many geographical areas, local communities, terrestrial and aquatic areas. The proposed theme is an investigation on the contemporary nature of coastal places and of the nautical wrecks abandoned in them as part of a landscape and intercultural research in progress based on relationships, interconnections, interspecific and spatial correspondences between natural environments, actions human and new life cycles (Life Cycle Assessment) in a post-pandemic scenario. Impaired coasts and boats can be transformed into landscapes and goods regenerated to new life for the near bio-centric future.
A Social Media Supported Distance Education Application for the Building Cost Course Given in Civil Engineering Education During the COVID 19 Quarantine
Authors: Onur Uğur Latif , Penbe Kadir
Published: June 2021

A distance education application in Düzce University within the Fall Semester, which started in September 2020, constitutes the main subject of this study. 118 students chose the Construction Cost course, which is one of the fourth year elective courses in Civil Engineering, this term. In addition to the lectures given within the Düzce University Distance Education Center (UZEM), different applications have been made / made through a social media (Whatsapp) group in which all students participated. With the help of additional videos, audio and written messages, an application was made based on increasing the communication opportunities with the participant students, teachers and other students, and developing a civil engineering culture. By increasing motivation with research assignments including construction industry practices and problems, monitoring documentary construction projects, interesting photographs and videos; The aim is to follow a lesson close to formal education for students who are encouraged to learn by experiencing the lesson, to make participatory practices, and to discuss their findings. In the meantime, the importance of first degree health protection was emphasized with information sharing and recommendations on the importance of compliance with COVID 19 measures. It was preferred to reinforce the importance of Self-Learning / Study practices.
Landscape Design of University Campuses and User Satisfaction
Authors: Tezgor Deniz Gozde Ertin , Karakaya Aytin Beste
Published: June 2021

University campus gardens provide the integrity of the environment with educational buildings, connect the users and buildings, and provide liveable spaces for users. Campuses serve as a public space for academic, administrative and technical staff, especially students, as well as incoming visitors. As a public space, the ability of students to meet all their recreational, social and cultural needs is directly related to the content and designs of the open and green spaces of the campuses. It is essential to ensure the landscape designs of these spaces, in line with the structural and planting design principles, and with the successful composition of the user-space relationship where the user needs and desires are determined. From this point of view, it is aimed to evaluate the landscape designs of the two campuses of Trakya University, where art and design-oriented education is realised, in terms of user satisfaction. For this purpose, it was revealed by a survey that measures the satisfaction of the users of the two campuses where determined the spatial and landscape requirements of design-based education. In the survey, the users' duration and purpose of use of the campus, feelings created by various equipment on users.
Usability of Marble Waste as a Road Base Material, Case Study of Bilecik Province
Authors: Neim Kahveci Ahmet , Ural Nazile
Published: June 2021

As a result of the constantly increasing needs, developments in technology and industry cause an increase in waste. With the increase of wastes, it has become necessary to recycle wastes in order to reduce the environmental problems that arise. For this purpose, many sectors try to minimize the expenses during the manufacturing stages, energy consumption, raw material, and space usage as much as possible. In the construction industry, where raw material consumption is the highest, the most consumed raw material is aggregate. Approximately 95% of the materials used in road constructions consist of aggregate, and the aggregate used is obtained from the quarries. The need for aggregate quarries is increasing day by day and the general structure of the earth is partially deformed. In this context, the wastes generated in the marble quarries of Bilecik province were evaluated as road base material according to the Turkey Highways Technical Specification (TKTŞ). Laboratory experiments defined in TKTŞ were carried out and the results showed that marble wastes can be used as road base material. As a result, using marble wastes as road base material will provide an environmental and economic benefit.
Analysis of the Flood Performance of Stormwater Drainage Systems for Different Return Periods
Authors: ÇIRAĞ Burak , FIRAT Mahmut , AYDIN Özgüray
Published: June 2021

Precipitation regimes and behaviours change depending on the climate change. As the duration of precipitation decreases its intensity increases. On the other hand, the density of buildings increases in urban areas, and drainage systems remain inadequate as a result of deterioration in the structure of natural streams and irregular structures. Due to the change in precipitation behaviour and the decrease in permeable surfaces in urban areas, urban floods lead to serious damage. In this study, it is aimed to analyse the flood performance of rainwater drainage systems currently serving in urban areas for precipitation with different repetition periods. For this purpose, the drainage line in Malatya provincial centre has been selected as the pilot application area. Considering the rainfall records observed in the past, a model was created for 15 minutes of precipitation and 2, 5 and 10 years repetition periods. In addition, the digital elevation model, drainage line and characteristic information and building layouts were taken into consideration in the application area. As a result of the analysis, flood spread maps were created. It has been observed that as the repetition period increases, rainwater drainage line is insufficient in some areas and may cause loss of property and life.
Risks of Construction Projects and Digital Practices in the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Şimşekalp Ercan Tuğçe , Günlü Gizem
Published: June 2021

As the COVID-19 outbreak affected the whole world, the epidemic had positive and negative effects on the construction industry. Epidemic; Information leakage with working from home conditions, problems of logistics chains for the transportation of materials to the construction site, has brought along special risks according to many new processes. Within the scope of this study, it is aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic on construction projects, new risks that occur and applications used against these risks together with digital tools. In the literature, the importance of innovative digital technologies for risk management is emphasized. In this study; It reduces the epidemic-specific risks that occur in the construction projects of innovative digital applications; how, why and which actors were involved. In this context, one-to-one interviews and a survey field study were conducted with construction industry experts for data collection. This research; It will guide the future positions of the sector by identifying and classifying new risks that occur specific to the COVID-19 outbreak process in the construction sector, and analyzing which digital tools and methods to be used to cope with these risks. Construction companies are better prepared against the threats and opportunities posed by the risks.
One-stage transanal endorectal pull-through for treatment of Hirschsprung’s disease: Impact of additional abdominal approach
Authors: Ho Huu Thien
Published: June 2021

Background: The transanal one-stage endorectal pull-through (TOSEPT) procedure sometimes requires assistance by an abdominal approach to complete the operation. This study aims to rectify this by evaluating the impact of an assisted abdominal approach in the outcomes of the TOSEPT in children with HD.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at surgical pediatric department of Hue central hospital. All consecutive medial records of patients operated on for HD in our department between June 2010 and June 2018 were retrieved and analysed.

Results: 66/446 (14.79%) patients with HD who required TOSEPT with an additional abdominal approach to complete the operation for inclusion in this retrospective study.Length of the resected colon: 13.30 ± 3.45 cm (open group) and 19.70 ± 4.50 cm (laparoscopic group). Average operative time: 156 ± 12 minutes (open group) and 170 ± 14 minutes (laparoscopic group). No deaths or intra-operative complications were recorded in this study. No postoperative complicationoccuredin the laparoscopic group. Grade II complication based on Dindo-Clavien classification occurred in 14 (21.21%) of the open group and one (1.51%) grade III complication. The length of hospital stay was shorter in the laparoscopic group at 5 ± 1.5 days compared to 7 ± 2.5 daysfor the open group. All of the complications were grade I or II, mainly enterocolitis at3-monthfollow-up.

Conclusion: Additional abdominal approach impacts on post-operative results of TOSEPT procedure for HD but not on outcome of disease. Laparoscopic surgery as the additional abdominal approach should be used to reduce the complications
Broken Power-law Energy Spectra of the Accelerated Electrons Detected in Radio and Hard X-Rays during the SOL2013-05-13 Event
Authors: da Silva Douglas Félix , Valio Adriana
Published: June 2021

Solar flares, resulting from magnetic activity of the Sun, are among the most energetic events in the solar system and in extreme cases directly affect our highly technological society. In this work, we analyze a solar flare detected at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths, as well as X-rays above 1 MeV. Observations of solar flares at these energy bands provide diagnostics of the energetic accelerated electrons and the magnetic fields where the emission is produced. During the SOL2013-05-13 solar flare, radio data were obtained by the telescope system POlarisation Emission of Millimeter Activity at the Sun, which observes the Sun at 45 and 90 GHz with polarization measurements, and at microwaves (1–15 GHz) by the Radio Solar Telescope Network. For the same event, X-ray emission was detected by the RHESSI and Fermi satellites. Spectra at both wavelengths were constructed and fit separately to yield the accelerated electron energy distribution that produced the emission. The optically thin radio spectral index was calculated by fitting the Ramaty model of gyrosynchrotron emission to the observed radio spectrum, whereas the hard X-ray spectral index was obtained from the spectral fit assuming a thermal emission model plus a nonthermal broken power-law distribution. Finally, both spectral indexes were compared and confirmed that the index obtained from the radio spectrum agrees with the index of the X-ray spectrum for energies above the break energy of ∼600 keV. Thus, the hard X-rays more energetic than 600 keV and high radio frequencies of solar flares are emitted by the same population of high-energy accelerated electrons. This result indicates that the accelerated electrons have an energy distribution best represented by a broken power law, with a breakup above energies around 1 MeV.
Taxonomy of the subgenus Burlinius Lopatin (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) from China and description of three new species
Authors: Duan Wen-yuan , Zhou Hong-zhang
Published: June 2021

This study revises the subgenus Burlinius Lopatin, 1965 of the genus Cryptocephalus Geoffroy, 1762 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae, Cryptocephalini) and reports three new species, namely, Cryptocephalus (Burlinius) longchiensis sp. nov., C. (Burlinius) baowenzhengi sp. nov., and C. (Burlinius) tomurensis sp. nov.. The species C. (Burlinius) yangweii Chen, 1942 is revalidated and treated as a distinct species. Another four species are transferred to this subgenus from the subgenus Cryptocephalus s. str., namely, C. (Burlinius) flavolimbatus Pic, 1920 (stat. nov.), C. (Burlinius) pusus Schöller, 2009 (stat. nov.), C. (Burlinius) scutemaculatus Tan, 1992 (stat. nov.), and C. (Burlinius) shaowuanus Gressitt & Kimoto, 1961 (stat. nov.). Two species (including one more subspecies) are moved out of this subgenus, namely, C. (Burlinius) nigrolimbatus Jacoby, 1890, C. (Burlinius) pallidipes pallidipes Pic, 1927, and C. (Burlinius) pallidipes nakatae Gressitt & Kimoto, 1961; they are the members of the subgenus Cryptocephalus s. str.. Thus, the subgenus Burlinius Lopatin includes now a total of 25 species in China according to our revision. A key to all the Chinese species of this subgenus is provided as well as color illustrations and line drawing for general habitus and genital structures.
Review of Strongylogaster Dahlbom (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) from Zhejiang Province, China, with the description of a new species
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Li Zejian , Wei Meicai
Published: June 2021

Five species of Strongylogaster Dahlbom, 1835 are recorded from Zhejiang Province, China. They are four known species, S. formosana (Rohwer, 1916), S. macula (Klug, 1817), S. takeuchii Naito, 1980 and S. xanthocera (Stephens, 1835), and a new species. Strongylogaster tianmunica sp. nov., collected from Mt. Tianmu in Zhejiang Province, is here described and illustrated. This new species resembles S. nantouensis Naito, 1990, but differs from the latter by the following characters: female body length 10–12 mm, male body length 8–10 mm; tegula brown to dark brown; pronotum largely yellowish-white; trochanters black, apical half of hind femora and of hind tibiae yellowish-white; malar space as long as radius of median ocellus; antennomere 3 as long as antennomere 4; and ovipositor apical sheath with distinct lateral scapes. A key to the five species of Strongylogaster from Zhejiang Province is provided.
Temporal and spatial segregation of top predators (Felidae) in a Mexican tropical Biosphere Reserve
Authors: Contreras-Díaz Carlos A. , Soria-Díaz Leroy , Gómez-Ortiz Yuriana , Carrera-Treviño Rogelio , Astudillo-Sánchez Claudia C. , Chacón-Hernández Julio C. , Martínez-García Luis F.
Published: June 2021

Jaguars, Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758), and pumas, Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) are the largest felids in the neotropics. Both can overlap in niche axes (time, space and prey), and are therefore potentially competing species. Segregation mechanisms presented by a low overlap in one of these axes of niche can facilitate the coexistence. Our aim was to analyze jaguar and puma temporal and spatial overlap for understanding their segregation mechanisms. Between 2015 and 2017, twenty-six camera trap stations were located in five habitat types of El Cielo Biosphere Reserve (ECBR) in northeastern Mexico. Temporal activity was analyzed using circular statistics and time overlap analysis. Spatial overlap was calculated with the Pianka index and a selectivity habitat analysis. Our results showed that jaguars and pumas were nocturnal and that the temporal overlap was high (∆4 = 0.77). We found an intermediate spatial overlap (Pianka index = 0.61). Jaguars were more selective and preferred the deciduous forest. In comparison, pumas preferred oak-pine forest, but also used oak and deciduous forest. Our results indicate that spatial segregation best explains the coexistence of jaguars and pumas in our study area, probably due to both habitat diversity in the reserve and the generalist habits of the puma.
L’économique contre le politique. La dette, son amortissement et son financement chez de jeunes et vieux saint-simoniens (1825-1880)
Authors: Coste Clément
Published: June 2021

Lorsque le mouvement saint-simonien est étudié par les historiens de la pensée économique c’est essentiellement en tant que participation à une première expression du socialisme français ou comme idiome de l’industrialisme naissant. Cet article propose une lecture du rapport entretenu par certains saint-simoniens avec la dette publique et son financement. Il permet autant d’illustrer la lecture dichotomique classique entre un jeune saint-simonisme idéaliste et « socialiste », et un saint-simonisme tardif plus conforme au libéralisme économique dominant dans la seconde moitié du xix e siècle, que d’éclairer une certaine continuité dans l’argumentation relative à la dette publique. Recourir à la dette plutôt qu’à l’impôt et s’attacher à en diminuer les arrérages apparaît comme un moyen de dompter l’oisiveté et de l’assujettir aux impératifs de l’ordre industriel.
Cumulative causation in J.R. Commons’s institutional economics from the perspective of instrumental pragmatism
Authors: Kitagawa Kota
Published: June 2021

La théorie économique institutionnaliste de J.R. Commons [1934a] explique la causalité cumulative entre une « institution » et un « esprit institutionnalisé » à partir d’une perspective instrumentale de l’intellect et de l’institution, à savoir le « pragmatisme instrumental ». Cet article vérifie la théorie de Commons à l’aide d’un modèle holistique, et met à jour quatre caractéristiques de la causalité cumulative présentes dans son œuvre [1934a]. Premièrement, les résultats montrent que le conflit est un facteur important pour la recherche ; deuxièmement, Commons [1934a] n’a pas utilisé l’instinct comme pierre angulaire de sa théorie de la causalité cumulative pour ne pas introduire de dichotomie capital-travail dans son concept d’économique institutionnaliste ; troisièmement, les « points d’appui » ou « instruments » provisoires des acteurs sont la « perspicacité » et « l’institution » (soit, les règles et la coutume) ; à cet égard les acteurs ont besoin de points d’appui, car il n’y a pas de signification a priori des fins dans la théorie de Commons ; quatrièmement, une action n’est pas jugée « raisonnable » ou comme étant un « progrès » à partir de ses conséquences, mais en fonction des exigences de la procédure régulière.
1. Théorie économique et jugement pratique
Authors: Berthoud Arnaud , Mardellat Patrick
Published: June 2021

Savoir s’il y a encore utilité à produire des théories économiques au vu de ce qu’on appelle communément le tournant empirique actuel ne peut pas être traité sans poser en même temps plusieurs questions. D’abord, que faut-il entendre par connaissance théorique en général et connaissance théorique en économie en particulier ; ensuite, quelle forme de vérité ou de validation en constitue la qualité ; enfin, qui pourrait en faire usage, dans quelles circonstances et pour quel objectif ? Ce sont ces questions et tout ce qu’elles impliquent que traitent les sept articles de ce numéro, illustrant la pluralité des conceptions du travail de l’économiste et du rôle de la théorie qu’introduisent les remarques suivantes. Classification JEL : A11, B4.
3. Marx et l’émergence de la société par actions : Fonctions, revenus et classes de la « Grande Industrie »
Authors: Chirat Alexandre
Published: June 2021

La réception marxiste de la littérature managériale fut largement critique alors même qu’un grand nombre de constats sont partagés par les auteurs appartenant à ces deux corpus. Cette réception s’explique par certaines équivoques présentes dans les écrits de Marx. Il existe en effet dans son œuvre, lorsqu’il s’efforce de prendre en compte l’émergence des grandes entreprises, une tension forte entre sa volonté réaliste et son cadre analytique. Le but de cet article est de présenter sa tentative d’intégration, au sein de son schéma d’analyse de la dynamique du capitalisme, des transformations caractéristiques de l’ère dite de « la Grande Industrie », en particulier l’émergence des sociétés par actions. Pour ce faire, nous discutons des distinctions conceptuelles opérées par Marx entre le capitaliste financier, le capitaliste industriel, le directeur et le manager. Celles-ci peuvent conduire à réinterroger sa théorie de la détermination des classes sociales, comme le firent les auteurs de la « révolution managériale » ou, plus récemment, Duménil et Lévy (2011, 2018). JEL Classification : B14, B51, P12, Z13
4. La critique du productivisme est-elle réductible à une critique du capitalisme ? Une analyse des régimes de fonctionnement du concept de production chez Marx
Authors: Sobel Richard
Published: June 2021

Cet article étudie le rapport qui pourrait sembler paradoxal entre productivisme et écologie dans la pensée de Marx. Pour ce faire, nous proposons d’analyser le productivisme chez Marx comme un dispositif conceptuel combinant un aspect explicatif et un aspect normatif, dispositif dont on ne peut comprendre pleinement le sens et la portée qu’en le référant à son arrière-plan ontologique, l’être comme production. Si ce dispositif est particulièrement efficace pour comprendre les tenants et aboutissants de la pathologie productiviste qui est au cœur du mode de production capitaliste, il semble faire croire que cette critique épuise toute critique du productivisme, laissant comme point aveugle la question du productivisme dans l’horizon de l’utopie communiste. JEL Classification : B14, B24, B5
5. La place controversée de l’évaluation monétaire au sein du courant d’économie écologique : retour sur une histoire tumultueuse
Authors: Méral Philippe
Published: June 2021

L’histoire de la pensée économique dans le domaine de l’environnement est marquée par la naissance à la fin des années 1980 du courant d’économie écologique. Initialement, ce courant se voulait en opposition à l’économie de l’environnement et des ressources naturelles issues de l’analyse néo-classique. Toutefois, au fil du temps, les lignes de fracture entre ces deux courants sont devenues de plus en plus floues ; créant des passerelles entre les auteurs, les concepts, les méthodologies et les outils. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser cette évolution en prenant appui sur une des controverses : l’évaluation monétaire de l’environnement. Cette controverse se manifeste plus particulièrement suite à la parution de l’article «  The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital » , publié dans la revue Nature en 1997 et porté par un des fondateurs du courant d’économie écologique, Robert Costanza. Classification JEL : Q57, Q51, A12, B29, B30, B59
Les ambiguïtés du cosmopolitisme : entretien avec Martha Nussbaum
Authors: Nussbaum Martha , Steinmetz-Jenkins Daniel , Tousch Nina
Published: June 2021

Dans cet entretien, initialement publié dans The Nation, Martha Nussbaum revient sur les limites de la tradition cosmopolite. Le cosmopolitisme – l’idée selon laquelle nous sommes avant tout des citoyens du monde–est fondé sur les concepts de dignité humaine et de justice, mais la philosophe défend que nous ne pouvons parvenir à cet idéal sans une aide matérielle. Son approche des capabilités se présente comme une réponse politique aux dissonances du cosmopolitisme traditionnel. Dès lors, que devient le cosmopolitisme ? Quelles sont les implications pour les États ? Martha Nussbaum répond à ces questions et propose une lecture de la politique contemporaine à la lumière du libéralisme et des critiques du cosmopolitisme.
Le poids des bailleurs de fonds dans les transferts d’expérience internationale
Authors: Plugaru Rodica
Published: June 2021

Cet article a pour objectif de questionner le rôle des organisations internationales dans la modernisation des infrastructures médicales en Moldavie au-delà de l’apport financier en tant que bailleurs de fonds. En analysant des projets de rénovation de bâtiments médicaux financés par la Banque mondiale et l’Union européenne, nous mettons en évidence des différences dans leur participation aux processus de transferts s’opérant sur le terrain, dans la phase de mise en œuvre des projets. Si la Banque mondiale met en place une cellule d’aide technique permettant le suivi du respect de ses cahiers de charges, l’Union européenne semble recourir à moins de ressources techniques et humaines dans le cadre des projets financés dans la santé.
Changes in Central Corneal Thickness With Air-Puff–Induced Corneal Deformation Using a Method to Correct Scheimpflug and Refractive Distortion
Authors: Okon Monica D. , Ma Yanhui , Liu Jun , Roberts Cynthia J.
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE:

To establish a method to determine central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) of an air-puff–deformed cornea at the highest concavity (HC) state.

METHODS:

The Fink method for refractive correction of Scheimpflug images of a convex pre-deformed (PRE) cornea was implemented for 155 eyes of 155 participants imaged with the Corvis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). This method was subsequently modified for the HC state of deformation. The tracked edges of each participant's cornea were exported at the PRE and HC states. Ten participants who had a visible crystalline lens in the image were selected to determine ACD in both states. The center points on the corneal tracked edges and lens were used to determine uncorrected CCT and ACD, respectively.

RESULTS:

Average undeformed CCTPRE was significantly lower than deformed CCT
HC
(584 ± 31 and 626 ± 34 µm, respectively) (
P
< .0001). No significant difference was found for the corrected ACD between the two states. Corrected CCT and ACD were significantly greater than the corresponding uncorrected values for both deformation states (
P
< .0001). Percent change in CCT was found to be correlated to change in arc length at HC (
P
< .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Distortion in Corvis ST images at the HC state can be corrected using a modified Fink method. CCT was found to increase in the HC state, compared to the PRE state. The CCT change during deformation may be important in the study of the compressive response of the cornea.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(6):422–428.]
One-Year Outcomes in a Large Series of Patients Following Implantation of an Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens
Authors: Schallhorn Steven C. , Schallhorn Craig S. , Teenan David , Venter Jan A. , Hannan Stephen J. , Schallhorn Julie M.
Published: June 2021

PURPOSE:

To evaluate clinical outcomes 1 year after implantation of an extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL) in a large series of patients.

METHODS:

Outcomes of patients who underwent refractive lens exchange or cataract surgery with the implantation of the AT LARA 829MP IOL (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) were retrospectively reviewed. The near (40 cm), intermediate (66 cm), and distance visual acuity, refractive outcomes, and cumulative rate of adverse events and secondary procedures were evaluated at 12 months postoperatively.

RESULTS:

A total of 1,894 eyes of 977 patients were implanted with the AT LARA 829MP IOL, with 62.1% of eyes available for the 12-month visit. The overall secondary procedure rate for the whole cohort was: Nd:YAG = 7.8%, laser vision correction = 7.5%, and IOL explantation = 0.63%. The reasons for IOL exchange were intraoperative complications (3 eyes/0.16%) and quality of vision issues (9 eyes/0.48%). Of all eyes available for the 12-month visit that did not undergo laser vision correction or an IOL exchange, 72.0% had monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better and the percentage of eyes with monocular uncorrected intermediate and near visual acuity of 20/50 or better was 96.2% and 81.0%, respectively. At 12 months postoperatively, 87.6% of eyes were within ±0.50 diopters of emmetropia. No change in refraction occurred between the 6- and 12-month postoperative visits.

CONCLUSIONS:

The AT LARA 829MP extended depth of focus IOL is able to provide functional distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity. Complications related to the platform of the IOL were uncommon.

[J Refract Surg. 2021;37(6):380–388.]
Clarifying the Disease State of Presbyopia
Authors: Mah Francis S.
Published: June 2021

Presbyopia is the consequence of the slow and progressive universal decline in the amplitude of accommodation with age, and it will eventually affect everyone. This article discusses the disease state of presbyopia and describes the classifications of its progression.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(6 Suppl):S8–S11.]