bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Amperometric Inkjet-Printed Thyroxine Sensor Based on Customized Graphene and Tunned Cyclodextrins as the Preconcentration Element
Authors: Ortiz-Aguayo María Jesús , Paré Franc , Gabriel Gemma , Baeza Mireia
Published: February 2024

The determination of thyroid hormones has practical clinical significance for the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism diseases. Considering this aspect, a wide range of analytical methods for the detection of analytes, including immunoassay, chemiluminescence, mass spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography, among others, has been developed. This type of analysis provides feasible results. Nevertheless, it requires qualified staff, special facilities and is time-consuming. For this reason, this paper relies on the fabrication of an electrochemical device developed with inkjet printing technology for the free detection of Thyroxine (T4). To manufacture our electrochemical device, several aspects were considered from the use of materials that amplify electrical signals, to finding a supramolecular scaffold that possess affinity towards the target analyte and the need of preconcentrating the analyte on the electrode’s surface. For this task, printed devices were modified with a hybrid nanomaterial consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) tuned with Au nanoparticles (Au–NPs) and an entrapment agent and different thiolated cyclodextrins (x–CD-SH) as carrying agents. Analytes were preconcentrated via supramolecular chemistry due to the formation of an inclusion complex between the cyclodextrin and hormones. Morphological and electrochemical characterization of the final device was carried out to ensure the proper workability of the electrode, achieving excellent response, sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD).
Head-to-Head Comparison of SSTR Antagonist [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 with SSTR Agonist [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Patients with Well Differentiated Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Prospective Imaging Study
Authors: Viswanathan Rahul , Ballal Sanjana , Yadav Madhav P. , Roesch Frank , Sheokand Parvind , Satapathy Swayamjeet , Tripathi Madhavi , Agarwal Shipra , Moon Euy Sung , Bal Chandrasekhar
Published: February 2024

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are slow-growing tumors that express high levels of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). Recent studies have shown the superiority of radiolabeled SSTR antagonists in theranostics compared to agonists. In this prospective study, we compared the diagnostic efficacy between [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC and [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 in the detection of primary and metastatic lesions in patients with well differentiated gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NETs. Histologically proven GEP-NET patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC & [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 PET/CT scans, which were analyzed. The qualitative analysis involved the visual judgment of radiotracer uptake validated by the morphological findings using CT, which was considered as the reference standard. Quantitative comparisons were presented as the standardized uptake value (SUV) corrected for lean body mass: SULpeak, SULavg, and tumor-to-background ratios (TBR). In total, 490 lesions were confirmed via diagnostic CT. The lesion-based sensitivity of [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 PET/CT was 94.28% (462/490) and 83.46% (409/490) for [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT (p < 0.0001). [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 had statistical significance over [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC in liver metastases [100% vs. 89.4%; p < 0.0001 (292 vs. 253 {283 lesions on CT})] and bone metastases [100% vs. 82.9%; p = 0.005 (45 vs. 34 {41 lesions on CT})]. Statistical significance was also noted for the TBR SULpeak of the primary and liver lesions. [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 showed better sensitivity and a higher target-to-background ratio than [68Ga]Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT. [68Ga]Ga-DATA5m-LM4 PET/CT can be used to quantify the extent of skeletal and liver metastases for better planning of SSTR agonist- or antagonist-based therapy.
Limits of Detection of Topically Applied Products in the Skin Using In Vivo Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Nico Cláudio , Bakker Schut Tom C. , Caspers Peter J. , Puppels Gerwin J.
Published: February 2024

We have developed a method to determine the limit of detection (LoD) for quantitative measurement of exogenous analytes in the outer layer of the human skin by in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy. The method is in accordance with the guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use that have been adopted by regulatory authorities such as the American Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. The method can be applied in silico so that the limit of detection can be assessed before starting a skin penetration study, for example, in areas of pharmaceutical formulation, pharmacokinetics, or toxicokinetics. This can significantly reduce the need for expensive and time-consuming feasibility studies. This paper describes the method to calculate this LoD as well as the experimental and methodological factors that can influence the calculation of the LoD.
Serratia marcescens LYGN1 Reforms the Rhizosphere Microbial Community and Promotes Cucumber and Pepper Growth in Plug Seedling Cultivation
Authors: Zhang Xu , Peng Jinxin , Hao Xiaodong , Feng Guifang , Shen Yanhui , Wang Guanghui , Chen Zhiqun
Published: February 2024

The vegetable plug seedling plays an important role in improving vegetable production. The process of plug seedling contributes to high-quality vegetable seedlings. The substrate composition and chemical fertilizer are widely studied to promote seedling growth. However, little is known about the effect of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere microbial community and vegetables’ growth during plug seedling. The use of beneficial microbes to promote vegetable seedling growth is of great potential. In this study, we showed that the Serratia marcescens strain LYGN1 enhanced the growth of cucumber and pepper seedlings in plug seedling cultivation. The treatment with LYGN1 significantly increased the biomass and the growth-related index of cucumber and pepper, improving the seedling quality index. Specifically, LYGN1 also improved the cucumber and pepper root system architecture and increased the root diameter. We applied high-throughput sequencing to analyze the microbial community of the seedlings’ rhizosphere, which showed LYGN1 to significantly change the composition and structure of the cucumber and pepper rhizosphere microbial communities. The correlation analysis showed that the Abditibacteriota and Bdellovibrionota had positive effects on seedling growth. The findings of this study provide evidence for the effects of Serratia marcescens LYGN1 on the cucumber and pepper rhizosphere microbial communities, which also promoted seedling quality in plug seedling cultivation.
Banana Peel (Musa ABB cv. Nam Wa Mali-Ong) as a Source of Value-Adding Components and the Functional Properties of Its Bioactive Ingredients
Authors: Khamsaw Pattarapol , Sommano Sarana Rose , Wongkaew Malaiporn , Willats William G. T. , Bakshani Cassie R. , Sirilun Sasithorn , Sunanta Piyachat
Published: February 2024

Banana peel (BP) is the primary by-product generated during banana processing which causes numerous environmental issues. This study examines the physical attributes, proximate analysis, glycoarray profiling, antioxidant abilities, and prebiotic activity of BP. The analysis demonstrated that carbohydrates constituted the primary components of BP and the glycoarray profiling indicated that BP contains multiple pectin and hemicellulose structures. BP also contained phenolic compounds, including (+)-catechin and gallic acid, flavonoid compounds, and antioxidant activities. BP demonstrated prebiotic effects by promoting the proliferation of advantageous gut bacteria while inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria. The prebiotic index scores demonstrated that BP exhibited a greater capacity to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in comparison to regular sugar. The study demonstrated the potential of the BP as a valuable source of dietary fibre, bioactive compounds, and prebiotics. These components have beneficial characteristics and can be utilised in the production of food, feed additives, and functional food.
The Effect of Polymer–Solvent Interaction on the Swelling of Polymer Matrix Tablets: A Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Study Complemented by Bond Fluctuation Model Simulations
Authors: Bajd Franci , Mikac Urša , Mohorič Aleš , Serša Igor
Published: February 2024

Polymer matrix tablets are an important drug-delivery system widely used for oral drug administration. Understanding the tablet hydration process, both experimentally and theoretically, is, thus, very important for the development of drug delivery systems that exhibit high drug loading capacity and controlled release potential. In this study, we used magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) to nondestructively and dynamically analyze the water hydration process of xanthan-based tablets. The swelling process was characterized by well-resolved fronts of erosion, swelling, and penetration. The experimental results were complemented by numerical simulations of the polymer matrix hydration process. In the simulations, the polymer tablet matrix was modeled as an assembly of interacting chains with embedded drug particles, while its hydration process was mediated by interaction with solvent particles. The swelling dynamics were modeled within a Monte Carlo-based bond fluctuation model (BFM) that elegantly accounted for steric and nearest-neighbor interactions. This study provides an efficient experimental–theoretical approach for the study of polymer matrix swelling processes.
The Soul and Buddha-Nature in Jesuit–Buddhist Debates in the Late Ming Fujian–Zhejiang Regions
Authors: Zhao Wen
Published: February 2024

The Jesuit missionary in Fujian, Giulio Aleni, ingeniously integrated Christian teaching concerning the soul into the traditional Chinese understanding of human nature. He adeptly reconciled the Christian notion of the soul, created by God, with the neo-Confucian belief in human nature bestowed by heaven. However, during the late Ming period, Chinese Buddhist thinkers held a contrasting perspective rooted in the Buddha-nature theory. According to this theory, Buddha-nature is intrinsic to every sentient being, devoid of a Creator. This fundamental discord in the understanding of human nature sparked intense debates between Jesuit missionaries and Buddhists in the Fujian–Zhejiang regions. These debates probed intricate themes, ranging from the ontological origin of nature to the associated soteriology surrounding human nature, as well as the hierarchical relationships between humans and other sentient beings.
The Dilemma of Conscience: From Paul and Augustine to Mencius
Authors: Hua Wei
Published: February 2024

Krister Stendahl’s article, “The Apostle Paul and the Introspective Conscience of the West”, argues that Paul has a “robust conscience” both before and after his conversion. Martin Luther misinterprets this as a “plagued conscience” in accordance with his own religious experience, and this misinterpretation can be traced back even to Augustine. This paper examines the context for the ancient Greek and Hellenistic theory of conscience, in order to understand Augustine’s transformation of Paul’s doctrine of justification by faith and the consequent discovery of the concept of introspective conscience in Western intellectual history. This paper also clarifies aspects of Augustine’s “plagued conscience”, which it analyses across two stages: the first after the descent of grace but before the conversion of a believer, and the second after conversion. In the first stage, Augustine implies a continuous spiritual conflict between good will and evil will within the inner self; however, in the second stage, the inner self experiences a deeper spiritual struggle, owing to its certainty of God’s predestined plan alongside its uncertainty over personal salvation. The concept of introspective conscience has shaped the deep consciousness of sin for many Western Christians. This paper compares Pauline and Augustinian conscience with the same concept in the Confucian author Mencius. For Mencius, conscience is self-sufficient even in the earliest stages of its development and does not require the support of God’s grace or the power of Heaven. The constant expansion of Mencius’s operative conscience is sufficient for self-cultivation and the correction of the distorted world.
Urban–Rural Boundary Delineation Based on Population Spatialization: A Case Study of Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Wang Hong , Yu Xiaotian , Luo Lvyin , Li Rong
Published: February 2024

Rational delineation of urban–rural boundaries is a foundational prerequisite for holistic urban and rural development planning and rational resource allocation. However, using a single data source for urban–rural boundaries yields non-comprehensive results. To address this problem, the present study proposes a method for extracting urban–rural boundaries using multiple sources such as population data, nighttime light data, land use, and points of interest (POI) data. Considering Guizhou Province for a case study, this study presents a two-step method for identifying urban–rural boundaries. First, the random forest model was combined with the dasymetric mapping method to obtain the province’s population spatialization data with a 30-m resolution. Second, based on the spatialized population, the urban–rural boundary for Guizhou Province in 2020 was extracted using the breaking point method. This method comprehensively integrated the benefits of various data and judiciously extracted the boundaries of the main urban areas and small and medium-sized towns of each city in the study province at the same spatial scale. The stratified random sampling method revealed an average overall accuracy of 88.05%. The proposed method has high universality and application value and can be useful for accurate and practical identification of urban–rural boundaries.
Spatial Effects of Energy System Digitization on Carbon Emissions: Evidence from China
Authors: Tang Jun , Li Yueting , Gao Yu
Published: February 2024

This study empirically examines the spatial effects and spatial mechanisms of energy system digitization on carbon emissions by using the projection pursuit method and spatial Durbin model with panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2013 to 2021 as samples. The results show that (1) the digitization of the energy system reduces the carbon emission intensity of the surrounding areas by 2.069%, which has a significant spatial emission reduction effect. (2) Technological innovation and industrial structure optimization are important spatial impact mechanisms. (3) The spatial emission reduction effect of energy system digitization is significant in the eastern region, but not in the central and western regions, indicating that the spatial emission reduction effect of energy system digitization is spatially heterogeneous.
Matrix Factorization Recommendation Algorithm Based on Attention Interaction
Authors: Mao Chengzhi , Wu Zhifeng , Liu Yingjie , Shi Zhiwei
Published: February 2024

Recommender systems are widely used in e-commerce, movies, music, social media, and other fields because of their personalized recommendation functions. The recommendation algorithm is used to capture user preferences, item characteristics, and the items that users are interested in are recommended to users. Matrix factorization is widely used in collaborative filtering algorithms because of its simplicity and efficiency. However, the simple dot-product method cannot establish a nonlinear relationship between user latent features and item latent features or make full use of their personalized information. The model of a neural network combined with an attention mechanism can effectively establish a nonlinear relationship between the potential features of users and items and improve the recommendation accuracy of the model. However, it is difficult for the general attention mechanism algorithm to solve the problem of attention interaction when the number of features between the users and items is not the same. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes an attention interaction matrix factorization (AIMF) model. The AIMF model adopts a symmetric structure using MLP calculation. This structure can simultaneously extract the nonlinear features of user latent features and item latent features, thus reducing the computation time of the model. In addition, an improved attention algorithm named slide-attention is included in the model. The algorithm uses the sliding query method to obtain the user’s attention to the latent features of the item and solves the interaction problem among different dimensions of the user, and the latent features of the item.
Restriction of Viral Glycoprotein Maturation by Cellular Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Lotke Rishikesh , Petersen Moritz , Sauter Daniel
Published: February 2024

The human genome is estimated to encode more than 500 proteases performing a wide range of important physiological functions. They digest proteins in our food, determine the activity of hormones, induce cell death and regulate blood clotting, for example. During viral infection, however, some proteases can switch sides and activate viral glycoproteins, allowing the entry of virions into new target cells and the spread of infection. To reduce unwanted effects, multiple protease inhibitors regulate the proteolytic processing of self and non-self proteins. This review summarizes our current knowledge of endogenous protease inhibitors, which are known to limit viral replication by interfering with the proteolytic activation of viral glycoproteins. We describe the underlying molecular mechanisms and highlight the diverse strategies by which protease inhibitors reduce virion infectivity. We also provide examples of how viruses evade the restriction imposed by protease inhibitors. Finally, we briefly outline how cellular protease inhibitors can be modified and exploited for therapeutic purposes. In summary, this review aims to summarize our current understanding of cellular protease inhibitors as components of our immune response to a variety of viral pathogens.
Towards an Understanding of Hydraulic Sensitivity: Graph Theory Contributions to Water Distribution Analysis
Authors: Adraoui Meriem , Diop El Bachir , Ebnou Abdem Seyid Abdellahi , Azmi Rida , Chenal Jérôme
Published: February 2024

Water distribution systems (WDSs) are complex networks with numerous interconnected junctions and pipes. The robustness and reliability of these systems are critically dependent on their network structure, necessitating detailed analysis for proactive leak detection to maintain integrity and functionality. This study addresses gaps in traditional WDS analysis by integrating hydraulic measures with graph theory to improve sensitivity analysis for leak detection. Through case studies of five distinct WDSs, we investigate the relationship between hydraulic measures and graph theory metrics. Our findings demonstrate the collective impact of these factors on leak detection and system efficiency. The research provides enhanced insights into WDS operational dynamics and highlights the significant potential of graph theory to bolster network resilience and reliability.
AEROPONIC SEED POTATO PRODUCTION: A PROMISING AND SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR SEED POTATO PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Naz Raja Mohib Muazzam , Muhammad Hanif  , Waqas Ahmed Dogar  , Muhammad Umar  , Qandeela Nigar  , Uzma Arif  , Saima Noor  , Amber Imtiaz  , Haider Ali  , Kazim Ali  , Aish Muhammad  , Khalid Farooq  , Rehmat Kabir
Published: February 2024

Potato is an important food and cash crop globally and faces many challenges in Pakistan. These challenges include issues with soil fertility, pest and disease pressure and shortages of high-quality seed potatoes. The scarcity of high-quality seeds is a massive hassle in Pakistan. Farmers in Pakistan, often reuse their seeds or obtain them from informal sources. This practice leads to increased seed quality deterioration and tuber-borne diseases, resulting in decreased yields. To address this situation, aeroponic techniques can effectively meet this challenge. Aeroponics is a novel technique for producing high-quality seed potato, aiming to address the challenge of seed production. Aeroponic techniques are commercially practised in many countries. Thus, in this review, we have highlighted the importance of aeroponic technology and how this technique can help uplift/boost up the seed potato production system in Pakistan. The overview concludes that aeroponic seed production offers numerous benefits, including improved yields, and resistance, even as keeping natural resources. Despite the challenges, the evaluation indicates that the implementation of aeroponic seed production technology in Pakistan may offers a promising and sustainable technique for seed potato production in Pakistan.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN-PHOSPHORUS AND IRRIGATION SCHEDULES ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)
Authors: Buriro Mehwish , Rajpar Habibullah , Jogi Qamaruddin , Kaleri Asif Ali , Jamro Abdul Hakeem , Mahar Ali Raza , Jiskani Sana Shazia , Malik Muhammad Azeem , Kandhro Muhammad Nawaz
Published: February 2024

To investigate the impact of Nitrogen and Phosphorus, as well as different irrigation schedules, on the growth and yield of the Mehran Raya variety of mustard, The results showed that the F3 = 120-60 kg/ha produced population plant( 31.78 m2), height of plant(181.09 cm), branch plant-1 (9.24),pods/plant(832.87) seeds pod-1 (15.26), seed index (1000 seeds wt. 17.11 g), and seed yield (2407.67 kg ha-1). while theF1(control) results showed minimum plant population of(8.11m2), height of plant (126.98cm), branch plant-1(4.92), pods plant-1(471.49) seeds pod-1 (5.07), seed index (1000seeds wt.14.44 g), and seed yield (1279.22kg ha-1). In case of irrigation maximum plant population (24.22 m2), height of plant (165.93 cm), branchesplant-1 (8.09), podsplant-1(565.22) seeds pod-1 (12.04), seed index (1000 seeds wt. 17.11 g), and seed yield (1955.11 kg ha-1). Whereas the minimum plant population(17.11 m2), height of plant (148.80 cm), branchesplant-1 (6.22), podsplant-1(637.04) seeds pod-1 (8.74), seed index (1000 seeds wt. 15.56 g), and seed yield (1579.67 kg ha-1) was recorded in one irrigation. On the basis of results found it can be able that the balanced fertilization and irrigation scheduling was higher than alone application of treatment due to synergetic effect of NP with irrigation by mustard in terms of growth and seed yield. It was determined that despite the consequences the variation in the values different growth yield traits of mustard crop, the mustard harvest was markedly higher (2407.6 kg ha-1) when the crop was given NP @ 120-60 kg ha-1.
test
Authors: Maree Mohammed , Eleyat Mujahed , Mesqali Enas
Published: February 2024

With the recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies, the ability to process, analyze, and understand sentiments expressed in user-generated reviews regarding the products and services they use is becoming more achievable. Despite the latest improvements in this field, little attention has been given to multilingual sentiment analysis. In this article, a framework is presented for sentiment analysis in Arabic and English using two datasets (ASTD, AJGT) along with their translations. Preprocessing techniques, including n-gram tokenization, Arabic-specific stop words removal, punctuation removal, removing repeating characters, parts of speech tagging, stemming, and lemmatization, are applied. Four machine learning classifiers, namely Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM), are employed. We highlight existing specialized research in sentiment analysis for Arabic and English, as well as the employed techniques in each. Furthermore, the impact of preprocessing on accuracy results for both Arabic and English languages is investigated through separate experiments for each step. Experimental results on the ASTD dataset demonstrate close performance across classifiers, with the SVM classifier achieving the highest accuracy of 70%. However, the accuracy varied when using the AJGT dataset, with the NB classifier yielding the best accuracy at approximately 87%. The experiments on the translated datasets from Arabic to English did not exhibit significant differences, although some features performed slightly better using the Arabic datasets
test
Authors: Alkhatib Jawad , Owaidah Ehsan , Turani Aiman , Marie Rashiq , Amro Alaa , Mazhar Ahmad
Published: February 2024

Due to its robustness in challenge variation in gait recognition domain, gait recognition is considered as one of the popular remote biometric identification technologies. Gait data may be reliably collected from a long distance and is difficult to conceal or copy. This article investigated the use of Kinect to identify gait in Saudis wearing loose-fitting apparel that conceals the majority of body shapes, such as thobes or abayas. Because these clothes cover the majority of the joints, it is difficult to determine gait. This research uses the Kinect sensor version 2 as a technique to choose the top three joints with the greatest identification results, which are then used for gait recognition. The Y coordinates of joints are used as features, which are then put into the K Nearest Neighbor classification algorithm. Several experiments were carried out, and the results demonstrate that the system has a promising identification rate and is capable of achieving a high recognition performance when identifying or recognizing a person while also dealing with obstacles associated with the types of loose clothing worn by the participants.
Research of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios and platelet-tolymphocyte ratios in systemic lupus erythematosus in Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital
Authors: Hoang Thi Anh Thu , Nguyen Dac Duy Nghiem , Hoang Thi Thanh Van , Le Phan Minh Triet , Ha Nu Thuy Duong , Nguyen Thanh Thu
Published: February 2024

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease and has various clinical manifestations affecting organ systems. It is characterized by the deposition of immune complexes due to widespread loss of immune tolerance to nuclear self-antigens, as well as excessive proinflammatory cytokine production. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio (PLR) in SLE are often higher than in the normal population, which is significantly related to disease progression and is an indicator of monitoring disease activity. Therefore, the study was conducted with the aim of understanding the change of some hematological indexes in patients with SLE.

Materials and method: The study was conducted on 51 patients with newly diagnosed SLE at the Department of General Internal Medicine - Endocrinology - Musculoskeletal and a control group of 30 healthy people who came to the hospital of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy from June 2022 to March 2023.

Results: The NLR and PLR of SLE patients were significantly higher compared to those of the controls (p < 0.001 and p < 0.012, respectively). Based on the ROC curve, the best NLR cut-off value to predict SLE was 1.7 with 58.8% sensitivity and 70.0% specificity. NLR was positively correlated with PLR (r = 0.735, p < 0.001) and white blood cells (r = 0.532, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The NLR index can be a useful marker in the assessment of inflammation in patients with SLE

Key words: Systemic lupus erythematosus, NLR, PLR.
Quantification of total and thermotolerant coliforms using different analytical techniques in food matrices
Authors: Medeiros Alane Kathielle Silva , Borges Monaliza Cruz , Silva Luiz Fernando Andrade , Dantas Bruno Marques , Fernandes Patrícia Erica , De Sá João Paulo Natalino
Published: February 2024

Food constitutes complex matrices formed by different intrínseca and extrinsic elements, which can facilitate the multiplication of deteriorating and pathogenic microorganisms. This multiplication, in turn, can lead to undesirable changes, categorizing the food as spoiled. Therefore, monitoring the microbiological quality of food becomes fundamental, aiming to prevent the occurrence of foodborne intoxications and infections. The quantification of indicator microorganisms emerges as a viable alternative to mitigate such incidents. Among these microorganisms, total and thermotolerant coliforms are widely employed in the food industry. The identification of this microbiota can be conducted through conventional and unconventional methods. Thus, this research used various analytical techniques to analyze the enumeration of total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae in different food matrices in Sergipe.
A viabilidade jurídica de utilização de relatórios de inteligência financeira no âmbito de inquéritos policiais militares instruídos pela Polícia Militar do Paraná
Authors: Machado Jéssica de Moraes
Published: February 2024

O Inquérito Policial Militar (IPM), como procedimento pré-processual de apuração sumária de possível cometimento de crime militar, manifesta natureza de instrução provisória cujo fim elementar é apontar materialidade e autoria desses ilícitos, com conjunto de subsídios para o oferecimento de denúncia pelo Ministério Público. Quando se trata de crime militar associado a infrações penais econômico-financeiras, como ocultação de bens e lavagem de dinheiro, os instrumentos de diligências e investigação meramente cartorários utilizados pelos oficiais encarregados de IPM se mostram improfícuos no combate desses crimes e punição de militares que permeiam o plano delituoso. Para tanto, busca-se inserir no contexto de instrução penal militar da Polícia Militar do Paraná (PMPR) ferramentas efetivas de apuração de crimes financeiros cometidos por militares estaduais. O presente artigo, portanto, objetiva analisar a viabilidade jurídica da utilização de Relatórios de Inteligência Financeira em IPMs conduzidos na PMPR. Buscou-se responder tal questionamento através de vasta pesquisa bibliográfica, jurídica e documental. Da análise chegou-se ao entendimento de que, além de viável, a inserção de RIF nos elementos probatórios é necessária, desde que cumpridas as exigências legais, que ainda carecem de balizamento jurisprudencial.
Türk Runik Bibliyografyası’na Ek IV
Authors: AYDIN Erhan
Published: February 2024

Since their initial discovery, the Old Turk inscriptions in the Turkish Runic script, which represent the earliest known written texts of the Turks, have been the subject of extensive scholarly investigation, encompassing thousands of studies. The aim of the study is to contribute to the existing bibliography, as outlined in the 2017 publication entitled “Turkic Runic Bibliography” by Bilge Kültür Sanat Publications. In doing so, this research endeavour aims to expand the existing body of knowledge in two key areas: the “Additions” section will include previously overlooked publications, while the “New Publications” section will include works published in 2023. By expanding and refining the existing literature, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the rich cultural and historical heritage contained within these ancient inscriptions.
Forschendes Lernen und Kompetenzentwicklung von Lehramtsstudierenden
Authors: Altrichter Herbert , Weber Christoph , Soukup-Altrichter Katharina , Reitinger Johannes
Published: February 2024

Forschendes Lernen erfährt gegenwärtig viel Aufmerksamkeit in Entwicklungsprojekten der Lehrpersonenbildung, weil sowohl Bildungspolitik als auch hochschulische Curriculumentwicklung in forschenden Lernarrangements besondere Chancen für die Herausbildung professioneller Kompetenzen von Lehrpersonen sehen. In diesem Beitrag werden mögliche Zielperspektiven von und Lerngelegenheiten für Forschendes Lernen sowie Möglichkeiten von deren Erfassung diskutiert. Danach werden die Daten einer Längsschnittstudie in einem Bachelorstudium für das Sekundarschullehramt genutzt, um Effekte der Wahrnehmung forschender Lerngelegenheiten durch Studierende im gesamten Studium auf verschiedene Dimensionen professioneller Kompetenz von Lehrpersonen zu untersuchen. Die Daten deuten auf Zusammenhänge der Wahrnehmung forschender Lerngelegenheiten mit der Entwicklung der professionellen Kompetenz ‚Innovieren‘ sowie mit dem Abbau vermittlungsorientierter Sichtweisen des Lehrens und Lernens hin. (DIPF/Orig.)
Analisis Performa Pompa Air DAB Tipe DB-125b Sebagai Turbin Dengan Variasi Head Dinamik
Authors: Nabuasa Meinase K , Koehuan Verdy A. , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Jafri Muhamad
Published: February 2024

Penelitian dilakukan melalui eksperimen terhadap pompa yang difungsikan sebagai turbin dalam penelitian ini adalah pompa regeneratif atau peripheral pump, yaitu pompa air DAB tipe DB-125B. Peripheral pump adalah pompa sentrifugal yang impelernya memiliki sudu-sudu radial dalam jumlah banyak 41 sudu. Kinerja atau performa sistem PAT pompa regeneratif atau peripheral pump, yaitu pompa air DAB tipe DB-125B sebagai pembangkit daya tenaga air dianalisis dengan variasi debit aliran 35 ltr/mnt, 40 ltr/mnt, dan 45 ltr/mnt. Kinerja atau performa sistem PAT pompa regeneratif atau peripheral pump, yaitu pompa air DAB tipe DB-125B sebagai pembangkit daya tenaga air skala kecil dari hasil eksperimen dengan variasi debit aliran menunjukkan daya poros maksimum sebesar 5,849 W dengan debit awal  saat tanpa beban sebesar 40ltr/mnt. Penambahan daya air secara langsung dapat meningkatkan putaran poros PAT, begitu juga dengan penambahan debit aliran pada head, putaran rotor turbin juga meningkat. Sedangkan penambahan debit aliran maka daya output dan efisiensi PAT maksimum cenderung terjadi pada putaran yang lebih tinggi dari pada debit aliran yang rendah. Efisiensi PAT pada variasi debit aliran ini mencapai nilai maksimum pada putaran turbin 850,3 rpm sebesar 17,39 %, kemudian diikuti oleh variasi debit aliran 45 ltr/mnt dan 35 ltr/mnt, masing-masing sebesar 11,14 % pada putaran 566,3 rpm dan 8,74 % pada putaran 1440,7 rpm.
DYNAMIC PSYCHOLOGY AND INFANT RESEARCH: SCHOOL INTERVENTION FOR SOCIAL INCLUSION
Authors: Alonzo Paola
Published: February 2024

The study of child growth has been and still is the object of attention and analysis byexperts in psychological theories and beyond. The first to describe childhooddevelopment was S. Freud, to which other scholars have joined such as Erikson,Winnicott, Spitz, Bowlby, A. Freud, M. Klein, Piaget (for intelligence), Vygotskij (fordevelopment cognitive), Chomsky (for language) and, among the pedagogists, as wellas Montessori, Pati. The latter, from a mere pedagogical point of view, was interested inthe growth levels of the child as well as the relationship that the minor has with theparents/educators. In the present research the relevant references are above all those toS. and A. Freud, M. Klein, D. Winnicott, J. Bowlby, E.H. Erikson and L. Pati for thepurely scholastic-pedagogical part.In consideration of these analyzes and considerations, it was deemed appropriate todevelop a project to be presented in the first and second grade secondary schools, aquestionnaire from which to collect data useful for assessing the level of inclusionpresent in the classes identified and made available for experimentation. This consists ofthree essential moments: 1- administration of a cognitive questionnaire of thepupils/students, in order to establish and identify the experimental group and the controlgroup; 2- administration of the questionnaire on well-being at school and in theclassroom to pupils/students; 3- evaluation of the results and identification of problemsconcerning inclusion. Once the needs for inclusion have been circumscribed, design apath for monitoring non-inclusive behaviors and proceed with a dynamic-relational andeducational intervention with the contribution of the teachers. In essence, thanks to thedata collected and organized in a database, an educational-relational proposal will beimplemented with a specific psycho-pedagogical methodology. This is also toencourage the full development of the human being in compliance with the UN Agenda2030 which expressly includes the thematic proposal relating to education forsustainability and social inclusion, a fact which represents the possibility of conceivingand implement specific educational paths aimed at achieving the goal.
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF NGOS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Borodkina Olga , Starshinova Alevtina
Published: February 2024

The social policy and social support are closely related to the development of the nonprofitsector of social services. The article deals with the problems of financialsustainability of NGOs in Russia. The main research method was expert interviews(N=72) in different Russian regions. The findings demonstrated that a significant part ofRussian NGOs is experiencing the financial problems. One of the most popular ways offinancial stability of the non-profit sector are grants, primarily from the President'sFund. Representatives of NGOs admit that there is forming a peculiar dependence ongrant support, therefore, organizations are actively discussing the possibilities ofdeveloping other sources of financial support. The alternative sources are subsidies fromregional budgets, the contracts with government for the provision of social services,donor donations, volunteer resources, and commercial activities. The commercialinitiatives, partnership with business are promising strategies for ensuring financialstability. In conclusion, it is noted that despite the high level of development of theRussian non-profit sector of social services during the last years, it still has to go furtherbuilding up human and social capital by organizations.
USE OF DIGITAL TOOLS WHEN CHOOSING THE PLACE TO EAT
Authors: Brence1 Ieva , Donina Agita , Gudele Ina
Published: February 2024

Digitalization plays important role in our lives and restaurants and other catering placesuse digital tools (websites, social media) to promote their services.The aim of the paper is to elaborate scenarios for catering places to attract theirpreferred audience via using digital tools.The research methods involve central trends and location measures, ANOVA, crosstabulationanalysis and correlation analysis. There are both secondary and primary dataused in the research. The primary data come from the survey conducted by a researchgroup of the Restaurant Association of Latvia to explore the importance of differentdigital marketing tools when choosing a place to eat. 510 respondents have participatedin the survey. The quantitative survey results are accompanied with interview analysisthat better reflect the respondents opinions.The research results in scenarios on what digital mark tools are more suitable forcatering enterprises in order to be more effective in reaching their target audience,including vegetarians, vegans or people who prefer animal food when going torestaurant. The research also concludes that there is still a big space for restaurants andother catering companies to increase the digital contents they offer to their customers.
Comprehensive Hygienic Assessment of Anthropogenic Load on the Territory of the Voronezh Region
Authors: Mehantieva Lyudmila E. , Enin Andrey V.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: A comprehensive assessment of adverse human health effects of environmental pollutants found in residential areas has been carried out in the Voronezh Region. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the anthropogenic load on the territory of the Voronezh Region. Materials and methods: We analyzed the results of ambient air, drinking water, and soil quality monitoring collected by the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region in 2018–2022 for compliance with the maximum permissible concentrations specified in Regulations SanPiN 1.2.3685–21. The complex load was estimated in accordance with method guidelines MR 01-19/17-17. Results: We established that pollution of ambient air in residential areas contributed the most (69.8 %) to the total anthropogenic load in the town Pavlovsk; drinking water – to that in the Semiluksky district (36.5 %), and soil – in the Rossoshansky district (10.5 %). In the city of Voronezh, the level of complex anthropogenic load exceeded both the regional and district averages. The problem of ambient air pollution dominates in all districts; it should be noted, however, that air sampling is carried out only in urban areas and urban-type settlements. In rural areas, effects of agriculture-associated nitrate pollution of drinking water is more pronounced. The impact of soil pollution is more pronounced in urban residential areas. At the same time, the excess of maximum permissible concentrations of soil pollutants were registered neither in rural nor in urban areas over the study period. Conclusion: In Voronezh, the level of complex anthropogenic load exceeds the average values estimated for the region and districts. Ambient air pollution with vehicle and industrial emissions make the greatest contributions to this load both on the territory of Voronezh and in the districts. Nitrate pollution of potable water associated with agriculture is a challenge in rural areas.
Geographic Information System as a Tool of Public Health Monitoring in Rospotrebnadzor and Health Care Structures Given the Example of Sanitary and Hygienic Surveillance of Water Resources: Analytical Review
Authors: Kalyuzhin Alexander S. , Latyshevskaya Natalia I. , Bayrakova Alexandra L. , Kalyuzhina Maria A. , Morozova Marina A. , Filatov Boris N.
Published: February 2024

Background: Challenges of using geographic information systems (GIS) in public health monitoring are considered.
Objective: To review scientific literature on application of geographic information systems as a tool of public health monitoring used to control the sanitary and epidemiological state of the environment, including water bodies, and of health care.
Methods: We studied the conceptual apparatus of a geographic information system, analyzed publications describing the use of this tool in the sanitary and hygienic surveillance of water bodies and the prospects for the development and
improvement of this system. We examined topical papers published in 2008–2022 and found in searchable electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, eLIBRARY, and ResearchGate) using the following keywords: geographic information system (GIS), sanitary and epidemiological control, public health, water. Of 154 initially identified sources, we selected 53 publications on the experience of using geographic information systems by ministries, federal executive bodies, scientific and higher educational institutions, and also analyzed seven regulatory documents, directly or indirectly
regulating the work of geographic information systems.
Results and discussion: This review considers the possibility of using a geographic information system as a model for coordinating the activities of local and regional state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance on priority issues related to public health protection. The geographic information system in this case is considered as a single coordination center that ensures accumulation, analysis and visualization of sanitary and epidemiological information on biological contamination of water bodies. Along with the importance and application of GIS, part of the review is devoted to examples
of implementation and shortcomings of existing tools, emphasizing the necessity to create a new “unified” software product able to provide “effective” consolidation of information on the sanitary and epidemiological safety of the use of water resources.
Conclusion: A geographic information system is not only an effective tool for storing, systematizing and analyzing incoming information on biological contamination of water bodies, but also one of the modern techniques solving such a practical problem as the feasibility of sanitary and hygienic monitoring of water quality and health protection in the population using this water source.
Health Effects of Consuming Artesian Water Supplied through the Centralized
Distribution Network in the Population of Arid Areas of the Saratov Region
Authors: Mamonova Irina A. , Erdniev Leonid P. , Kosheleva Irina S. , Kuzyanov Dmitry A. , Dolich Vladimir N. , Gusev Yury S. , Komleva Nataliia E. , Mikerov Anatoly N.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Statistics show that over 11 million Russians use untreated tap water noncompliant with safety standards.
Consumption of such water may have adverse human health effects and pose risks of various diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between consumption of artesian tap water sourced from centrally operated water supply systems in arid areas of the Saratov Region and the prevalence of cardiovascular, urogenital, and digestive diseases in the local population.
Materials and methods: We examined 127 artesian water samples collected from the centralized water supply systems in three arid areas of the Saratov Region in 2008–2022. The water quality was tested by atomic absorption spectrometry, photoelectric photometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis. Data on the residents receiving follow-up care for genitourinary, digestive, and circulatory diseases were obtained from the Saratov Medical Information and Analytical Center. The Statistica 10 software was used for data analysis.
Results: We observed high levels of total hardness (24 ± 3 mg-equiv./L), alkalinity (7.5 ± 0.2 units), total mineralization (2,454 ± 546 mg/L), nitrate salts (99 ± 23 mg/L), chlorides (1,610 ± 462 mg/L), sulfates (753 ± 64 mg/L), as well as ions of manganese (up to 11 MPC), magnesium (up to 8.8 MPC), and iron (up to 10.83 MPC) in artesian water samples tested
showing noncompliance with tap water quality requirements. We also established that daily calcium intake with tap water (1,403.5 ± 199.5 mg/day) exceeded the recommended one. We established a strong correlation (r = 0.931, r2 = 0.867,
p < 0.001) between the mean daily consumption of non-conforming artesian tap water (1.4 ± 0.01 L/day in the Fedorovsky district, 0.7 ± 0.01 L/day in the Novouzensky district, and 0.1 ± 0.01 L/day in the Alexandrovo-Gaysky district) and the proportion of residents of the arid areas of the Saratov Region followed up for diseases of the genitourinary system
(1,266 ± 64.3, 1,691.4 ± 107.8, and 758.4 ± 18.1, respectively).
Conclusions: Our findings show the necessity of improving measures aimed at raising the quality of water supply in arid areas, including the development of additional measures for preliminary water treatment, and importance of tap water quality control for prevention of adverse health outcomes related to chronic exposure to waterborne chemicals.