bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Memory Programming Framework for the Robust Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Gounaris Chrysanthos E. , Repoussis Panagiotis P. , Tarantilis Christos D. , Wiesemann Wolfram , Floudas Christodoulos A.
Published: December 2014

We present an adaptive memory programming (AMP) metaheuristic to address the robust capacitated vehicle routing problem under demand uncertainty. Contrary to its deterministic counterpart, the robust formulation allows for uncertain customer demands, and the objective is to determine a minimum cost delivery plan that is feasible for all demand realizations within a prespecified uncertainty set. A crucial step in our heuristic is to verify the robust feasibility of a candidate route. For generic uncertainty sets, this step requires the solution of a convex optimization problem, which becomes computationally prohibitive for large instances. We present two classes of uncertainty sets for which route feasibility can be established much more efficiently. Although we discuss our implementation in the context of the AMP framework, our techniques readily extend to other metaheuristics. Computational studies on standard literature benchmarks with up to 483 customers and 38 vehicles demonstrate that the proposed approach is able to quickly provide high-quality solutions. In the process, we obtain new best solutions for a total of 123 benchmark instances.
Sex-Specific Associations of Established and Emerging Cardiac Biomarkers with All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults: The ActiFE Study
Authors: Dallmeier Dhayana , Denkinger Michael , Peter Richard , Rapp Kilian , Jaffe Allan S , Koenig Wolfgang ,   for the ActiFE Study Group, Rothenbacher Dietrich
Published: December 2014

BACKGROUND

N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has strong prognostic value for all-cause mortality in the general population. High-sensitivity assays now allow detection of cardiac troponins even in asymptomatic populations. We examined the association between NT-proBNP, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), and hs-cTnI and all-cause mortality in older adults.

METHODS

We conducted a longitudinal cohort study [Activity and Function in the Elderly in Ulm (ActiFE Ulm)] including 1506 community-dwelling adults ≥65 years old with NT-proBNP, hs-cTnT, and hs-cTnI measured at baseline. We evaluated the associations between log-transformed biomarker concentrations and 4-year total mortality, accounting for possible confounders, with Cox proportional hazards models.

RESULTS

We observed 125 deaths among 1422 participants (median follow-up 4 years). We detected effect modification by sex for all biomarkers (all P values <0.05) expressed as hazard ratio (HR) for death per 1-unit increment of ln(biomarker concentration) in women (n = 618, 37 deaths) compared with men (n = 804, 88 deaths): HR 2.97 (95% CI 2.04–4.33) vs 1.73 (1.40–2.13) for NT-proBNP; 3.67 (2.31–5.81) vs 2.15 (1.61–2.87) for hs-cTnT; and 3.32 (2.13–5.18) vs 1.92 (1.55–2.38) for hs-cTnI. Among 777 participants with undetectable hs-cTnT (<5 ng/L), hs-cTnI remained associated with all-cause mortality in age- and sex-adjusted analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

NT-proBNP, hs-cTnT, and hs-cTnI were independently associated with all-cause mortality in older adults. The strength of these associations varied between men and women, emphasizing the need for additional sex-specific research among older people.
‘The world is our community’: Rethinking community radio in the digital age
Authors: Chiumbu Sarah Helen
Published: December 2014

New media technologies – Internet and mobile phones – have transformed the face of radio broadcasting. Research in this area has shown that these technologies are reconfiguring both radio’s institutional structures and its practices. Radio, now accessed on multiple digital platforms, is allowing diverse forms of utilization and engagement. In this article, I analyse the changing nature and meaning of ‘community’ in community radio in the digital age using insights from literature on imagined communities, translocality and liminality. I argue that new media technologies are opening up new spaces for community radio that go beyond the geographical and community of interest to embrace translocal and diasporic communities. There is thus need to interrogate the meaning of community radio in terms of audiences and programming in such new configurations. I use two community radio stations in South Africa to make my arguments. I conclude by pointing to the need for new research avenues on community radio in the digital age.
Staging the body and space in television: Jozi H as a case in point
Authors: Swanepoel JH
Published: December 2014

The medical drama series is uniquely positioned to draw together a technology of care as well as a technology of representation. It becomes the nexus where the series’ plot with its dramatic elements and the medium – namely, television, used to represent the narrative – converge. The human body forms the foundation of all television’s narrative. In relation to this, the nature of healing as something that concerns the body as a corporeal and social entity recuperating within a given time frame and within a particular space emerges. The continuity that television lends to the movement and flow of bodies further provides authenticity to the representation of the (healing) human body – a constituent part of the larger body politic itself. This article provides a theoretical and practical exploration by exploring the credits sequence of a South African Canadian medical drama series, Jozi H (2007), set in metropolitan Johannesburg.
The politics of ‘patriots’ and ‘traitors’ on Radio Zimbabwe
Authors: Mudavanhu Selina Linda
Published: December 2014

This article analyses internal dynamics within the groups of people constituted on the state radio station, Radio Zimbabwe, as ‘patriots’ and ‘traitors’ between March and April 2011. While it appears as if these groups were made up of a homogeneous people, a closer look at the broadcasts using critical discourse analysis suggests that each group was internally fraught with inequalities. President Mugabe along with a group labelled as ‘national heroes’ was constructed as superior to other comrades (‘Provincial heroes’ and ‘Liberation war heroes’). This setting apart of some people as better than others worked to justify why some people within the Zimbabwe African National Union–Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) party would forever be frontrunners in the party and in the country. Although all opposition groups have generally been depicted in state media as ‘traitors’, this article argues that former Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai and the faction that he led, the Movement for Democratic Change-Tsvangirai (MDC-T), were framed as the ‘worst of the traitors’. The then Deputy Prime Minister, Professor Arthur Mutambara, and his faction, the Movement for Democratic Change-Mutambara (MDC-M), escaped the vitriolic attack on the station. Ridiculing Tsvangirai and the MDC-T exclusively served to further delegitimize him and his faction as serious political contenders. It also worked to nurture the divisions that already existed within the opposition camp.
Book Review
Authors: Ndlela Martin Nkosi
Published: December 2014

Cinema and Development in West Africa, James E. Genova (2013) Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 206 pp., ISBN: 9780253010087, £15.99
The Demise of EC Regulation 17/62
Authors: Greaves Rosa
Published: December 2014

Brief commentary on the introduction of new EC Regulation on the enforcement of the EC competition rules by Rosa Greaves (Allen & Overy and Professor of European Law, Durham European Law Institute). Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Supreme Court UK-style
Authors: Hazell Robert
Published: December 2014

Brief overview of the issues and options
involved in establishing the UK Supreme Court. Article by
Professor Robert Hazell (Director of the Constitution Unit at
University College London) published in Amicus Curiae – Journal
of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the
IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced
Study, University of London).
The debate over trustee exemption clauses. Law Commission Consultation Paper 171: a response
Authors: Hill Gregory
Published: December 2014

A personal response to the Law Commission
of England and Wales Consultation Paper 171, Trustee Exemption
Clauses, by Mr Gregory Hill (Barrister who appeared in the
leading case of Armitage v Nurse). Article published in Amicus
Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at
the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London. A
brief summary of the proposals in the Law Commission's
consultation paper on trustee exemption clauses is included in
preliminary matter.
Reinforcing territorial regimes: Uti possidetis and the right to self-determination in modern international law
Authors: Allen Steve , Castellino Joshua
Published: December 2014

The authors consider the doctrine
transposed from Roman law to modern international law which
provides that new States will come to independence with the same
boundaries they had when they were administrative units within
the territory of a colonial power. Article published in Amicus
Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at
the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Medical records, patient privacy and the control of information
Authors: Loughrey Joan
Published: December 2014

Article by Joan Loughrey (Senior Lecturer
in Law, University of Central Lancashire) published in Amicus
Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at
the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Paying the price for more power
Authors: Flippen Edward
Published: December 2014

Article by Edward L. Flippen (Attorney and adjunct professor of law at the Marshall-Wythe School of Law, at the College of William and Mary) looking at the need for US energy policy to turn to time-sensitive pricing in order to help balance electricity demand and supply. Published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
A new approach to fund regulation in the United Kingdom
Authors: Spangler Timothy
Published: December 2014

An overview of proposed changes in 2003 to
fund regulation in the United Kingdom from the Financial Services
Authority (FSA). Article by Timothy Spangler of Berwin Leighton
Paiser, published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute
of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University
of London).
Solicitors' conflicts of interest
Authors: Bamford Colin
Published: December 2014

Brief overview of the need for the Law
Society of England and Wales to formulate new rules to address
conflicts of interest situations and accommodate modern practices
which have followed from the merger of firms of solicitors
resulting for example in requests to act in a dispute with a
former client or to represent several parties in the same
commercial or financial transaction. Published in Amicus Curiae –
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of
Advanced Study, University of London).
Settlement of disputes under the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 II
Authors: Chatterjee Charles , Lefcovitch Anna
Published: December 2014

The second part of a two-part article considering the Tribunal mechanism established by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000. Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 - how will planning contributions work? I
Authors: Cunliffe Michael
Published: December 2014

First part of a two-part paper dealing with
proposals for reform and improvement of the planning obligations
system - including the clauses added to the Planning and
Compulsory Purchase Bill. Article published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Making sure the child is heared: Part II - representation
Authors: Munby The Honourable Mr Justice
Published: December 2014

Article the Honourable Mr Justice Munby
published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
Good faith in the reform of insurance law
Authors: Birds John
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor John Birds, University
of Sheffield published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London.
Global economic governance and the challenge facing traditional international law in the 21st century
Authors: Maniruzzaman A.F.M.
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor A.F.M. Maniruzzaman (Professor of International and Business Law, University of Portsmouth) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Court modernisation and the crisis facing our civil courts
Authors: Brooke Lord Justice
Published: December 2014

Article by Lord Justice Brooke, Vice-President of the Court of Appeal (Civil Division), presented as the Seventh Annual Lecture to the Society of Advanced Legal Studies on November 24, 2004 and published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
International practice of commercial registration
Authors: Holzborn Timo , Leube Sabine
Published: December 2014

Article by Dr Timo Holzborn and Dr Sabine
Leube presenting an overview of the registration practices of a
selection of national commercial registers, a matter of
increasing importance for international commercial practice.
Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
Challenging and defending liquidated damages
Authors: O'Farrell Finola
Published: December 2014

The author examines the grounds on which
liquidated damages provisions are open to challenge and the
damages recoverable for delay where such provisions are upheld or
struck down. Article by Fiona O'Farrell QC derived from a lecture
at the Annual Northern Seminar for the Society for Advanced Legal
Studies on January 16, 2004 and published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The Quaint idea of Civil Justice
Authors: Susman Peter
Published: December 2014

Brief commentary by Peter Susman QC on the
need for funds raised by central government to be invested in IT
systems that support the civil justice system. Published in
Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies
at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of
London).
A mixed legal system with a constitution on top: South African law in the era of democracy
Authors: Lewis Carole
Published: December 2014

In 1994, with the advent of democracy in
South Africa, the legal system then in force was left intact, but
was turned upside down. A new, but interim, constitution was
adopted (and replaced in 1996 with a final constitution) which
made all law subordinate to the constitution, and introduced a
Bill of Rights, entrenching certain fundamental human rights and
the values of freedom, equality and dignity for all. The
constitution is now the supreme law of the land and any law
inconsistent with it has no effect. The author looks at the
significance and effect of the constitution on the legal system
formerly prevailing in South Africa by outlining its origin and
history. Article by Carole Lewis, Judge of the Supreme Court of
Appeal, South Africa (Inns of Court and Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies Fellow 2004) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal
of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
Is there a need for identity cards?
Authors: Mason Stephen
Published: December 2014

Commentary by Stephen Mason on the issues and practicalities involved in government introduction of compulsory registration cards - in particular claims regarding prevention of terrorism and crime. Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Chains across the Rhine
Authors: Bacchus James
Published: December 2014

Article on free trade agreements and
international trade relations by James Bacchus published in
Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal
Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies,
University of London.
The Role of public utility regulation: oversight or onsite?
Authors: Flippen Edward
Published: December 2014

Brief commentary by Edward L. Flippen (Partner, McGuireWoods LLP; Lecturer in law, University of Virginia Law School; Distinguished Senior Fellow, George Mason University School of Law) on regulation in the United States of public utilities such as electric and gas utilities. Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
The occlusion of opinion: incitement to religious hatred
Authors: Kearns Paul
Published: December 2014

The author considers the controversial issues germane to the offence in English domestic law of incitement to religious hatred, highlighting the legal, political and social issues including freedom of speech. Article by Dr Paul Kearns (Lecturer in Law, School of Law, University of Manchester) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Legal protection of the underwater cultural heritage: lessons from the Titanic
Authors: Dromgoole Sarah
Published: December 2014

Dr Sarah Dromgoole (Reader in Law,
University of Leicester) charts the history of the legal
protection of the underwater cultural heritage and considers some
of the lessons that can be learnt from developments in respect of
the remains of RMS Titanic. One or two issues of an ethical
nature are also explored. Article based on a lecture delivered at
the IALS in June 2005 and published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced
by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Natural disasters and the issue of responsibility for the victim states
Authors: Chatterjee Charles
Published: December 2014

Dr C. Chatterjee considers whether natural disasters are an entirely national phenomenon, or if their effects can be minimised by concerted international action. Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The Energy Policy Act of 2005: a missed opportunity
Authors: Flippen Edward
Published: December 2014

Commentary by Edward L Flippen (Partner, McGuire Woods LLP, Richmond, Virgina; Lecturer in Law at the University of Virginia School of Law; Honorary Senior Research Fellow at the University College London Faculty of Laws) on the United States energy policy legislation of 2005. Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Non-disclosure in insurance law: a more principled approach
Authors: Aswani Ravi
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The art of legislative drafting
Authors: Bowman Geoffrey
Published: December 2014

Article by Sir Geoffrey Bowman published in
Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal
Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies,
University of London.
Website owners and Part III of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995
Authors: Hayward Sally
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of
London.
The German private company limited partnership
Authors: Wooldridge Frank
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The Education Minister and the disqualified teachers
Authors: Ritchie Graham
Published: December 2014

Article published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The differing approach to commercial litigation in the European Court of Justice and the courts of England and Wales II
Authors: Clarke Anthony
Published: December 2014

Part two of an article taken from a lecture
given by the Rt Hon Sir Anthony Clarke, Master of the Rolls to
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies on February 23, 2006.
Published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The
Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of
London).
Antipathy to art in a recalcitrant court
Authors: Kearns Paul
Published: December 2014

The author examines the seminal case law produced by the European Court of Human Rights on freedom of artistic expression and its ethical boundaries, and analyses why the Court has been so reluctant to support artistic freedom. The article focuses on the cardinal constitutional laws of obscene and blasphemous libel, laws which are designed to fulfil the paternalistic function of insulating the moral approaches of citizens from what is considered by legislators and judges to be undesirable corruption. Article by Paul Kearns (Lecturer in Law at the School of Law, University of Manchester) published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Global business and human rights
Authors: Maniruzzaman A.F.M.
Published: December 2014

A commentary on the uncertainty in international law on whether corporations have any international obligations to protect human rights. Article by Professor Dr A.F.M. Maniruzzaman (Professor of International Law and International Business Law at the University of Portsmouth) published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
Terrorism, pre-emptive self defence and state interests: what challenges for contemporary international legal order?
Authors: Smith Imran O.
Published: December 2014

A consideration of Terrorism and state responses under International law, looking particularly at the extended right of self defence and pre-emptive use of force that have emerged since the September 11 terrorist attacks on the United States. Article by Professor Imram O. Smith (Professor of Law and Dean, Faculty of Law, Lagos State University, Nigeria) published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
The independence of arbitrators
Authors: Nathan K. V.S.K.
Published: December 2014

The author raises concerns over impartiality in multi-member arbitral tribunals. An article by Dr K.V.S.K. Nathan (Barrister-at-Law and arbitrator) published in Amicus Curiae – Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by SALS at the IALS (Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London).
The South African Constitution and the transition from apartheid: legislating the reconciliation of rights in a multi-cultural society
Authors: Asmal Kader
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor Kader Asmal MP,
National Assemby, South Africa, published in Amicus Curiae -
Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is
produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the
Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London. This
paper was given by Professor Kader Asmal as the Sir William Dale
Memorial Lecture for 2006, delivered at Chatham House, London, on
November 10, 2006.
Silent, forgotten and vulnerable: examining the risks for children with a parent in prison
Authors: Walker Janet
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor Janet Walker (Emeritus
Professor, Newcastle Centre for Family Studies, Newcastle
University) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London. This article is taken from a
paper presented by the author at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies during a workshop on prison & family on May 18,
2006.
The Business of crime
Authors: Nakajima Chizu
Published: December 2014

Commentary by Dr Chizu Nakajima (Director, Centre for Financial Regulation and Crime, Cass Business School, City University) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Trustees, tribunals and taxes: creativity in Victorian law
Authors: Stebbings Chantal
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor Chantal Stebbings
published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London. Professor Chantal Stebbings is
Professor of Law and Legal History in the University of Exeter.
This article is taken from a lecture given to the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies on February 19, 2007.
Financial crimes and financial misdemeanours
Authors: Bamford Colin
Published: December 2014

The author argues that undesirable
behaviour in the financial markets has not been countered by
appropriate controls. Article by Colin Bamford (Barrister, 3-4
South Square) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society
for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced
Legal Studies, University of London.
Dealing in cultural objects: a new criminal law for the UK
Authors: Mackenzie Simon
Published: December 2014

A report on research to evaluate the impact
of Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offences) Act 2003 on the UK
market and its role in the international illicit market. Article
by Dr Simon Mackenzie (Senior Research Fellow at the Scottish
Centre for Crime and Justice Research, University of Glasgow),
published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
The Legal Services Act: a Law Society perspective
Authors: Law Society Government Relations Directorate
Published: December 2014

Commentary from the Government Relations
Directorate, Law Society published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced
by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Trends in the South African Constitutional Court's jurisprudence on property protection and regulation
Authors: Mostert Hanri
Published: December 2014

Article by Professor Hanri Mostert
(Professor of Law, Stellenbosch University, South Africa)
published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced
Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for
Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal
Studies, University of London.
Law reform in England and Wales: a shattered dream or triumph of political vision?
Authors: Etherton The Hon Mr Justice
Published: December 2014

Article by Sir Terence Etherton (Chairman,
Law Commission) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the
Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London. This is a slightly
expanded version of the address delivered by the Hon Mr Justice
Etherton, Chairman of the Law Commissiom, as the 2007 Sir William
Dale Lecture at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies on
November 1, 2007, and of the address delivered as the 2007 Bar
Law Reform Committee Lecture delivered in the Inner Temple Hall
on November 14, 2007.
Reflections on Northern Rock
Authors: Campbell Andrew
Published: December 2014

Short article by Andrew Campbell (Reader in International Banking and Finance Law, School of Law, University of Leeds) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
The Irish referendum on the Lisbon Treaty
Authors: Kellermann Alfred E.
Published: December 2014

Article which considers whether governments of EU Member States have to comply with loyalty and solidarity obligations deriving from Article 10 EC and Article 11(2) of the EU Treaty. Article by Alfred E. Kellermann published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Advocacy as an important public service
Authors: Braithwaite Bill
Published: December 2014

The author reviews past and present
attitudes at the Bar and looks at what the future holds for
barristers nationally and in the North West of England. Article
by Bill Braithwaite QC - published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of
the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced
by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of
Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Dutch company and partnership law: some proposed changes
Authors: Wooldridge Frank
Published: December 2014

Article considering planned reforms of the law relating to the private company and the partnership in the Netherlands. Article by Dr Frank Wooldridge - published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.
Novel DOCK8 Mutation
Authors: Haynes Alison
Published: December 2014

Background: Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES) is a primary immunodeficiency with sporadic, autosomal dominant (STAT3 mutation) and autosomal recessive (DOCK8 and TYK2 mutations) inheritance patterns. HIES secondary to DOCK8 mutation is characterized by extensive cutaneous viral and staphylococcal infections, recurrent sinopulmonary infections, severe allergic diseases, increased susceptibility to malignancy with lymphopenia, eosinophilia, and elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE). Methods: This case report highlights the clinical presentation and immune investigations of a male patient with a novel DOCK8 mutation. Results: Our patient presented with cutaneous viral infections including severe molluscum contagiosum and herpes simplex virus plus skin abscesses and acute otitis media. In addition to infections, he developed intermittent diarrhea, eczematous lesions, abnormal fingernails, oral ulcers, and Bell's palsy. Immune evaluation revealed lymphopenia, in particular low CD8 cells, low mitogen stimulation response, and poor specific antibody production requiring immunoglobulin replacement. Genetic sequencing confirmed a novel mutation in DOCK8. Conclusion: Patients with significant cutaneous viral and bacterial infections, recurrent sinopulmonary infections, severe allergic diseases, and lymphopenia with associated elevated IgE should be investigated for DOCK8 mutation. This case report highlights a novel mutation in the DOCK8 exon 45 aa1970, c.5908 G>C change alanine to proline homozygous change A1970 to P1970

Statement of novelty: This case reports on a novel mutation in DOCK8
Controlling Shareholders: Issues and Challenges for Shareholders’ Empowerment in Directors’ Remuneration in Corporate Malaysia
Authors: Rachagan Shanthy , Mohd Sulaiman Aiman Nariman
Published: December 2014

Current reform concerning directors’ remuneration relies on improving legal rules and self-regulation to minimise expropriation of minority shareholders. These have prominently focussed on empowering shareholders. Nonetheless, it is unclear as to the extent these reform proposals are compatible within the concentrated shareholding structure. Some of the reforms taking place in developed countries are suited for dispersed shareholding structure and thus transplanting them to emerging economies with concentrated shareholders may be ineffective. Malaysia poses an interesting case study, especially to countries with similar ownership structure as the concentrated shareholding structure raises different agency problems. The issue of protection of minority shareholder rights and the prevention of abuse of the controlling power by paying excessive remuneration to the executives is therefore a subject of due consideration in Malaysia and countries with similar shareholding structures. This article recommends that Malaysia and other emerging countries look into encouraging limited shareholder empowerment in tandem with laws.
microRNA-210 is involved in the regulation of postmenopausal osteoporosis through promotion of VEGF expression and osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Liu Xiao-Dong , Cai Feng , Liu Liang , Zhang Yan , Yang An-Li
Published: December 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-protein-codingRNAs that function as negative gene expression regulators. miRNA-210 (miR-210) has recently been recognized in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis associated with angiogenesis. Herein we aimed to explore the clinical significance of miR-210 treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. The expression of miR-210 was detected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)in vitroand miR-210 significantly promoted the expression of vascular edothelial growth factor (VEGF) in BMSCs in a time-dependent manner (p<0.05). And miR-210 suppressed PPARγ expression but increased the expression of ALP and osterix, demonstrating that miR-210 inhibited adipocyte differentiation and promoted osteoblast differentiation of BMSCsin vitro. The protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and VEGF in 17β-estradiol (E2) treated osteoblasts were significantly increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner (p<0.05). And E2 inducted the VEGF expression through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in osteoblasts. Taken together, these data implied that miR-210 played an important role in ameliorating the estrogen deficiency caused-postmenopausal osteoporosis through promotion the VEGF expression and osteoblast differentiation.
Numerical solution of two-dimensional radially symmetric inverse heat conduction problem
Authors: Qian Zhi , Hon Benny Y. C. , Xiong Xiang Tuan
Published: December 2014

We investigate a two-dimensional radially symmetric inverse heat conduction problem, which is ill-posed in the sense that the solution does not depend continuously on input data. By generalizing the idea of kernel approximation, we devise a modified kernel in the frequency domain to reconstruct a numerical solution for the inverse heat conduction problem from the given noisy data. For the stability of the numerical approximation, we develop seven regularization techniques with some stability and convergence error estimates to reconstruct the unknown solution. Numerical experiments illustrate that the proposed numerical algorithm with regularization techniques provides a feasible and effective approximation to the solution of the inverse and ill-posed problem.
A Service Lens on Value Creation: Marketing's Role in Achieving Strategic Advantage
Authors: Bettencourt Lance A. , Lusch Robert F. , Vargo Stephen L.
Published: December 2014

Marketing needs a new mindset to fulfill its proper role in creating and sustaining strategic advantage. To extend its influence beyond the boundaries of current offerings, the firm, and conventional practice, marketing and markets must be viewed through a service lens. This lens allows marketing to take a lead role in assisting the enterprise to enable value co-creation by customers who have jobs to be done. This article offers four new premises to guide marketing thought and practice for achieving and sustaining strategic advantage.
A Better Way to Forecast
Authors: Haran Uriel , Moore Don A.
Published: December 2014

Every business decision depends on making a forecast of the consequences of the decision. Although most organizations do forecasting most do so badly. They ask either for a point prediction—a single “best guess” forecast when everyone knows that this is an oversimplification of the truth, or for a simple range forecast which is likely to result in biased predictions more often than not In this article, the authors propose a better approach, one that takes seriously the uncertainty in forecasting and the most common errors in the way people think about this uncertainty.
Opportunity Creation in Innovation Networks: Interactive Revealing Practices
Authors: Jarvenpaa Sirkka L. , Välikangas Liisa
Published: December 2014

Innovating in networks with partners that have diverse knowledge is challenging. The challenges stem from the fact that the commonly used knowledge protection mechanisms often are neither available nor suitable in early stage exploratory collaborations. This article focuses on how company participants in heterogeneous industry networks share private knowledge while protecting firm-specific appropriation. We go beyond the prevailing strategic choice perspectives to discuss interactive revealing practices that sustain joint opportunity creation in the fragile phase of early network formation.
Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Taylor Philip
Published: December 2014

This essay explores the contestatory nature of land disputes in rural Vietnam. It builds on the findings of the research essays in this special issue and on recent scholarship to identify what is politically significant about contemporary land conflicts. Rural land disputes implicate a multiplicity of state, quasi-state and non-state actors in public, sometimes violent, contestations over the values attached to land. Their overt, discursive and contentious characteristics, the complex dynamics of protest and dispute mediation, and the manner by which disputants engage and disengage from their state representatives are identified as important dimensions of rural land politics in modern Vietnam.
Intima-media thickness and endothelial dysfunction in GCK and HNF1A-MODY patients
Authors: Szopa Magdalena , Osmenda Grzegorz , Wilk Grzegorz , Matejko Bartłomiej , Skupien Jan , Zapala Barbara , Młynarski Wojciech , Guzik Tomasz , Malecki Maciej T
Published: December 2014

Objective

Mutations in the glucokinase (GCK) gene, along with hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) gene mutations, are the most frequent cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). GCK-MODY patients are typically characterized by a moderate fasting hyperglycemia; however, little is known about atherosclerosis and intermediate-related phenotypes in these subjects.

Design

To examine carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and endothelial function assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in GCK gene mutations carriers and HNF1A-MODY.

Methods

A total of 64 subjects with GCK gene mutations, and 52 HNF1A gene mutation carriers as well as 53 nondiabetic controls were examined. IMT and FMD were assessed by ultrasonography. Appropriate statistical tests were performed to assess differences between the groups, and multivariate linear regression was done for the association with IMT and FMD.

Results

The clinical characteristics of all groups were similar with the mean age at examination of 35.1, 41.1, and 39.5 years for GCK, HNF1A and the control group respectively. The highest mean IMT value was in the HNF1A-MODY group: 7.0±1.4 mm, whereas it reached 6.3±1.4 mm in GCK mutation carriers and 6.3±1.3 mm in controls (P=0.008). After adjustment for possible clinical and biochemical cofounders, IMT remained higher in HNF1A-MODY patients as compared with GCK-MODY patients (P=0.02) and controls (P=0.0003). FMD was significantly lower in HNF1A (9.9±4.6%) and GCK-MODY (11.1±4.6%) patients in comparison with controls (13.9±4.7%; P=0.0001). After adjustment, FMD remained lower in HNF1A-MODY (P=0.0005) and GCK-MODY patients (P=0.01) as compared with controls.

Conclusions

Both examined MODY groups demonstrated evidence of endothelial dysfunction. In addition, HNF1-MODY patients seem to be more prone to an early atherosclerotic phenotype.
Conceptual principles of competitiveness of enterprises
Authors: Nykolyuk Olga
Published: December 2014

The transformation of modern scientific paradigm requires the adaptation of traditional theories of the firm competitiveness to new economic conditions. The aim of the study is to develop conceptual principles of enterprise’s competitiveness management, which are based on the definition of this term and includes a system of principles, functions, models and management mechanism. Formation of the concept involves the use of systematic approach to research. Principles of management by enterprise's competitiveness are allocated based on purpose of management, managed, managing systems and their interaction. Functions are determined by following stages: achieving the goals, developing of management system, aims to ensure competitiveness, characteristic of administrative actions. Model of control the competitiveness reflects the flows of management information and control system (administration unit) and manageable (economic process of the enterprise). Control mechanism includes appropriate methods (economic and psychological), levers (price, quality, brand, branding, logo, motto) and incentives (economic, moral, administrative, creative).
Conceptual models of emergency management
Authors: Stašys Rimantas , Virketis Gintautas
Published: December 2014

The essence of emergency medical assistance management comprise: accident and disease prevention, preparation to act in case of accident or disease, quick response and treatment. The point of entire emergency assistance management is to reduce the number of deaths and disabil ty. The purpose of research is to review the components of emergency medical assistance, generalise and teoretically compare the emergency medical assistance management models, which are used worldwide. For evaluation of emergency medical assistance structure, there are used systematic given practice regulating documentation analysis, general and logical analysis of scientific publications. Seeking to ascertain an amount of emergency consultative assistance and to predict a tendency of development there are used statistical processing of data, comparison and summation. It were observed, that during 2009–2013 years, the amount of emergency consultative assistance increased but volume of specialized emergency consultative assistance decreased. Anglo-american and Franco- german model suitability in Lithuanian health care system depends on complexity or particularity of accidents, availablility of human resources and also respective infrastructure.
Complicated Open Supracondylar Fracture of the Femur Managed Primarily with an Autogenous Split Fibular Graft in Conjunction with an Intramedullary Nail
Authors: Nandakumar R. , Abraham Vineet Thomas , Chandrasekaran M.
Published: December 2014

Case:

A thirty-two-year-old man presented with an open type-IIIA Müller type-C2 supracondylar fracture of the femur and an ipsilateral segmental fracture of the tibia. An external fixator was used for initial stabilization. After ten days, the fractured femur was stabilized with a retrograde intramedullary nail along with an autogenous split fibular graft placed on either side of the nail; intramedullary nail fixation of the tibia was also performed. At the two-year follow-up, both fractures had united.

Conclusion:

An autogenous split fibular graft in conjunction with an intramedullary nail is a viable option to manage bone defects in complicated supracondylar fractures of the femur.
Malakoplakia of Bone
Authors: Lane Jason L. , Land Adam D. , Thompson S. Michael , Weiner Scott D.
Published: December 2014

Case:

A sixty-one-year-old woman presented with right knee pain. Imaging demonstrated osteonecrosis, pathologic fracture, and a permeative lesion. A biopsy with irrigation and debridement was performed. Cultures grew Escherichia coli, and histology showed features of malakoplakia, a rare lesion of uncertain etiology usually found in the genitourinary tract. The patient was treated successfully with antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Malakoplakia, although rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis of permeative bone lesions, especially in an immunocompromised patient.