bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ironia como recurso do discurso político dos usuários de mídias sociais: primeiras análises acerca do caso Myrian Rios
Authors: Cláudio Kleaim Luiz , Rodrigo da Silva Ferreira Sérgio
Published: October 2019

A ironia é um recurso estilístico da linguagem associado à ideia de oposição e contradição. O objetivo deste estudo de caso é re etir sobre a questão do uso desse estilo nos discursos de usuários de diferentes redes sociais online na internet e seu valor como estratégia política. Usou-se como fonte de dados a repercussão do discurso da deputada Myrian Rios em post de weblog, vídeo do YouTube e textos do site Twitter que possuíam caráter irônico. Os resultados mostram que a ironia nos casos estudados foi utilizada para desacreditar a enunciadora do discurso original e fazer ruir seus argumentos. Concluímos que, num contexto histórico-político em que cresce a importância das redes sociais online na in uência da opinião pública, e da opinião pública no fazer político, a estratégia discursiva da ironia tem e cácia iconoclasta e possui riscos devido à necessidade de compartilhamento de contextos entre os interlocutores.
Karyotype reinvestigation does not confirm the presence of two cryptic species and interspecific hybridization in the Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) damocles complex in the Crimea (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae)
Authors: Lukhtanov Vladimir A. , Efetov Konstantin A. , Dantchenko Alexander V.
Published: October 2019

The karyotype of the blue butterflies from the Angarskiy Pass (Crimea), previously attributed to Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) poseidon (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851), was re-examined. In all 19 studied individuals, we found the haploid chromosome number n = 26, including 7 pairs of relatively large and 19 pairs of relatively small chromosomes. According to the chromosome number and karyotype structure, the studied population does not differ from P. (A.) damocles krymaeus (Sheljuzhko, 1928) from the eastern part of the Crimean Mountains. This result does not confirm the previously formulated hypotheses, according to which (1) two morphologically similar but karyologically different species, P. (A.) poseidon and P. (A.) damocles krymaeus, occur sympatrically in the Crimea and (2) there is hybridization between these taxa on the Angarskiy Pass. Thus, only three species of the subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner, 1822 have been reliably established for the Crimea: P. (A.) damone pljushtchi Lukhtanov & Budashkin, 1993, P. (A.) damocles krymaeus (Sheljuzhko, 1928) and P. (A.) ripartii budashkini Kolev & de Prins, 1995.
Destins meurtriers de l’infantile
Authors: Tournefier Virginie
Published: October 2019

Corps enfermé, incarcéré, corps-objet, assujetti, l’incarcération met à l’épreuve, de façon singulière, chaque détenu(e). À partir d’une expérience clinique auprès de femmes incarcérées, cet article propose d’interroger la question de l’infantile chez une mère mise en examen pour des faits de violences sexuelles. Que ce soit dans l’infanticide ou dans l’inceste, il s’agit toujours du meurtre d’un enfant. Ces crimes convoquent dans l’imaginaire collectif une figure maternelle cruelle, folle, voire impossible. Pour le clinicien, exerçant en détention, l’enjeu de tenir sa position d’écoute et d’accueil de cette cruauté insensée est essentiel, au risque sinon de la rupture thérapeutique. À la faveur du lien transférentiel, nous évoquerons la question de l’enfant sacrifié, réel ou imaginaire, et la résurgence dans ces cures d’expériences de détresse infantile, qui avaient contraint ces femmes à les répéter dans le réel du passage à l’acte.
Est-il trop tard pour l’effondrement ?
Authors: Allard Laurence , Monnin Alexandre , Tasset Cyprien
Published: October 2019

Cette introduction invite à décadrer et à recadrer la thématique de l’effondrement, popularisée et médiatisée par la théorie dite « collapsologie », vers le plan des acteurs, des terrains, des temporalités, et des régimes d’énonciation. Nous appelons à documenter empiriquement ce que fait l’effondrement, et ce qu’en font celles et ceux à qui cette idée « fait » quelque chose. En effet, l’effondrisme pose la question des façons de se positionner non pas uniquement par rapport à une théorie, mais également par rapport à des expériences individuelles et collectives. Le dossier vise à comprendre comment la réception de la « collapsologie » donne lieu à des jeux complexes entre désemparement et capacités d’agir. L’atterrissage sur un sol anthropocénique de plus en plus critique mérite une décisive discussion collective. L’hypothèse de cette majeure est que les expériences effondristes ont une valeur d’expérimentation à cet égard, notamment en créant un zone discursive et praxique où des cultures et des expériences politiques différentes sont amenées à se rencontrer et à collaborer.
Sur les traversées
Authors: Kandé Sylvie , Bertho Elara
Published: October 2019

Dans cet entretien, la poétesse explore ce que signifie l’écriture de l’histoire des « sans histoires ». À travers la nouvelle qu’elle livre à Multitudes , intitulée précisément « sans histoire/s », et son recueil  La quête infinie de l’autre rive (2011), l’auteur analyse le pouvoir de « considération » de la littérature, reliant les pensées de Marielle Macé avec celles d’Édouard Glissant.
Sur une nette inversion du schème de la fin des temps
Authors: Latour Bruno
Published: October 2019

En partant de l’encyclique Laudato si’ , la contribution retrace l’originalité de la proposition du pape François. L’irruption de l’Anthropocène comme définition nouvelle de la géo-histoire a pour effet imprévu de modifier la répartition des figures de l’espace et de temps qui ont servi à recueillir la prédication évangélique dans les époques précédentes. L’Anthropocène oblige à reprendre par de nouvelles figures de l’espace et du temps, le schème de la fin du temps, renouvelant ainsi les expressions traditionnelles de l’apocalypse : c’est désormais l’immanence et non plus la transcendance qui devient la figure centrale. La question se pose de savoir si les rituels peuvent se nourrir de cette inversion pour renouveler la prédication.
Il y a quarante ans disparaissait Georges Daumézon
Authors: Krzyzaniak Patrice
Published: October 2019

G. Daumézon (1912-1979) fut un psychiatre et un homme brillant et érudit qui sera médecin--directeur d’un hôpital psychiatrique à 26 ans. Il fut aussi un chercheur, un enseignant et le rédacteur de plus de trois cents articles, ainsi que l’un des créateurs de la revue Vie Sociale et Traitements . Chantre de la psychothérapie institutionnelle, qu’il porta sur les fonts baptismaux après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et responsable syndical engagé, il contribua également à des modifications majeures de la psychiatrie française, notamment la mise en place de la sectorisation. Sa pensée pertinente et profondément humaniste reste une ressource précieuse qui, sans conteste, peut toujours nous inspirer aujourd’hui.
Association between weight loss and clinical-pathologic factors in oncological patients in chemotherapy treatment: a longitudinal study
Authors: Pinheiro Débora Fernandes , Benincá Simone Carla , Mazur Caryna Eurich , Meira Elisângela , Wouk Jessica
Published: October 2019

The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional state and WL of individuals with cancer. Is a longitudinal observational study was performed with patients assisted in the oncological ambulatory. Sample was composed of 402 patients, with an average of 58.46±13.60 years old, 56.5% women and the majority elderly (51.74%). Regarding tumor localization, 12.9% were found in the head and neck, 22.6% in mamas, 10.2% in the lungs, 29.4% in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and 29.4% in other body parts. A gradual fall of nutritional state in relation to BMI was observed, and the patients were advancing to malnutrition. When severe and not severe WL were correlated, a statistical difference was demonstrated regarding age, current and habitual weight, as well as the corresponding BMI (p<0.05).  Overweight and obese patients presented a higher severe WL than the other group (p<0.05). However, 67.34% of patients presented WL and a following nutritional state alteration, being cancer in the GI tract with a significant difference, 37.44% (p<0.05) with severe WL (p<0.000). Patients diagnosed with cancer, especially in the GI tract, treated with chemotherapy have higher chances of WL, which trigger a reduction of survival rate, being obesity and age reliable predictors of a consequent severe WL.
A internacionalização dos códigos florestais de Brasil e França
Authors: Serpa João Eduardo Colognesi , Santos Antônio Carlos dos , Santos Lorena Xavier Conceição
Published: October 2019

A soberania é um princípio fundamental das relações internacionais. Ela molda a maneira como os Estados se portam diante dos mais diversos tópicos da agenda política global. O tratamento de alguns temas, porém, precisa ser reavaliado, por risco de a soberania acabar impondo-lhe limites. As florestas são um desses temas. É impossível restringir os benefícios ecológico-sistêmicos que elas engendram às fronteiras administrativas de uma nação, na mesma medida em que os efeitos nocivos advindos de áreas florestais devastadas se espalham por todo o mundo. Um bioma como o Amazônico, de extrema importância para o equilíbrio do planeta, não pode ser considerado propriedade de poucos países. De fato, desde particularmente a Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Meio Ambiente Humano, em Estocolmo, 1972. A sociedade internacional está trabalhando para tornar a governança do meio ambiente progressivamente mais coesa e uniforme. Instituições e legislações estatais têm sofrido influências do movimento, o que pode ser observado nos Códigos Florestais de Brasil e França, dois Estados com território Amazônico. Desse modo, o objetivo deste artigo é comparar o grau de internacionalização existente nas legislações ambientais do território Amazônico do Brasil e da França - na Guiana francesa. Para isso, faz-se uso do método histórico-comparativo e da análise documental, a pesquisa tendo viés descritivo e explicativo. Ao final, conclui-se que ambas as legislações, em diferentes graus, vêm tentando moldar-se ao regime internacional do meio ambiente e que a lei francesa se aproxima mais ao tratamento da Amazônia como patrimônio internacional
Idyllic Self in Africa (2000), by Ken Taylor and in Boy (2010), by Taika Waititi: a literary-cinematographic dialogue
Authors: Aires Franceschini Marcele
Published: October 2019

The idyllic approach of this article deals with the dialogue between two distinct artworks: poems from the book Africa (Taylor, 2000), emphasizing the poem ‘Waikiki’, by the Australian poet, journalist and filmmaker Ken Taylor; and the movie Boy (Curtis, Gardiner, & Michael, 2010), directed by the New Zealander film-director, actor and writer Taika Waititi. The poems and the movie are connected by synesthetic perceptions, mostly related to painting, colorizing and shaping that are displayed in the described scenarios. Hereby, these aspects were theoretically reviewed by the following authors: Rimbaud (1966), Kandinsky (1977), Ostrower (1977), Bachelard (1986, 2011), Cytowic (1993), Berger (2008), Lambert (2010), among others. The method of analysis includes the concepts in which the art producers uncovers the relationship between nature and the self, considering the fact that beyond poet and director, respectively Taylor and Waititi are also painters. Nature is widely open before their meditative eyes, therefore rather than outreaching the natural world with motionless expectations; both portray idyllic wonders related to individual/cultural scopes. As a result, from its amorphous state, words transmute themselves into landscapes, sensations, and forms. The aim was to follow the paths that image evocates in the description of each author, since they share contemplativeness, surrounded by consciousness, perceptions and freedom, all demanded during the creative process.
YUKARIYA DOĞRU HAREKETLİLİKTE BİR İMKÂN VE SINIRLILIK OLARAK TÜRKİYE’DE MESLEK LİSELERİ: ESKİŞEHİR ÖRNEĞİ ÜZERİNE SOSYOLOJİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: YAZGAN Çağdaş Ümit , SUĞUR Nadir
Published: October 2019

Türkiye’de

meslek liseleri, çoğunluğu düşük gelir gruplarından gelen genç nüfusa mesleki

ve teknik beceriler kazandırarak istihdam olasılığını artıran ve yoksulluktan

kurtulma şansı tanıyan çeşitli avantajlarla ilişkilendirilebilmektedir. Bu

okullar aynı zamanda kentsel alanda genç nüfusun yukarıya doğru sosyal

hareketliliğini engelleyen bir bariyer ya da eşitsizliği kuşaktan kuşağa

aktaran bir yoksulluk tuzağı olma gibi bir takım sosyal ve ekonomik

dezavantajlara da konu olabilmektedir. Bu araştırma, avantaj ve dezavantajlar

bağlamında, öğrencilerin eğitim almakta oldukları meslek liseleri ile ilgili görüşlerini

ortaya çıkarmayı ve bu görüşleri temel sosyolojik yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde değerlendirmeyi

amaçlamaktadır.

Araştırma,

2016 Aralık-2017 Ocak aylarında Eskişehir İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı 7

adet mesleki ve teknik Anadolu lisesinde yürütülmüştür. Nicel veriler 12.

sınıfta eğitim gören 796 öğrenciden anket tekniği ile nitel veriler ise 9

öğretmen, 8 mezun, 8 öğrenci olmak üzere 25 kişiden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme

tekniği ile toplanmıştır.

Öğrencilerin

çoğunluğu istihdam hızı ve kolaylığı, işgücü piyasasında tutunabilme, ön lisans

programlarına yerleşebilme imkânları bakımından meslek liselerini daha

avantajlı bulmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamındaki öğrenciler meslek liselerini

kentsel alandaki rekabete dayalı iş gücü piyasasında iş bulmanın en kolay, en

hızlı ve en ucuz yolu olarak görmektedir. Anadolu liseleri ise üniversiteye

giriş sınavlarında daha iyi puan alabilme bakımından avantajlı görülmektedir. Öğrenciler

için Anadolu liseleri, lisans düzeyindeki yükseköğretim programlarına girişi

kolaylaştırması bakımından, daha iyi bir çalışma hayatı, görece yüksek ücret,

daha iyi çalışma koşulları ve yüksek sosyal statü anlamına gelmektedir. Bulgular

bütünlüklü olarak değerlendirildiğinde, öğrencilerin çoğunluğu için meslek liselerinin

umut ve umutsuzluğun kesiştiği bir konumda yer aldığı görülmektedir.
Anaphylaxis induced by sugammadex and sugammadex-rocuronium complex -a case report-
Authors: Choi Shu Chung , Han Sangbin , Kwak Jueun , Lee Ji Yung
Published: October 2019

Background: In sugammadex-induced anaphylaxis, sugammadex and/or sugammadex-rocuronium complex have possible allergenic epitope. Case: We report a case of sugammadex-induced anaphylaxis during general anesthesia in a 60-year-old male undergoing orthopedic hand surgery, manifesting as profound hypotension and urticaria. The timing of onset was closely associated with sugammadex administration. The patient recovered after extensive therapy including fluid, epinephrine, other vasopressors, steroid, and antihistamine administration. By intradermal skin test which was done at four weeks after anaphylaxis, we confirmed positive reactions to both sugammadex and sugammadex-rocuronium complex. Conclusions: This is a rare case of sugammadex-induced anaphylaxis that both sugammadex and sugammadex-rocuronium complex were confirmed as allergenic epitopes.
Eosinophil Density in Common Benign and Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors with Congo Red Staining
Authors: Seifi Safoura , Azizi Zahra , Ghanghermeh Alten , Eftekharian Shahriar , Salehinejad Jahanshah , Gholinia Hemmat
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes with unknown mechanisms in salivary gland tumors. Some researchers associate eosinophils with tumor progression and others have proposed them as antitumoral. The present study was conducted to compare the density of eosinophils in common salivary gland tumors and its relationship with the degree of differentiation in malignant salivary gland tumors. Materials and Methods: In this present descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study, 15 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 15 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), 30 cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), and 5 cases of normal salivary glands were extracted. Sections were prepared of these cases for Congo red staining. The malignant salivary gland tumors were classified as high-grade and low-grade malignancies. The slides were observed under ×10, and the highest-density areas were selected and counted in ten microscopic fields under ×40. Results: The density of the eosinophils was 4.5 ± 5.6 in the pleomorphic adenoma, 16.2 ± 6.01 in the low-grade MEC, 1.05 ± 1.1 in the high-grade MEC (Grade III), and the ACC, and 0.4 ± 0.89 in the normal salivary gland. Eosinophil density was significantly higher in low-grade malignancies compared to in benign or high-grade malignant neoplasms and normal salivary gland (P < 0.001). Conclusion: This is suggested which the density of eosinophils is associated with the process of tumorigenesis and the degree of malignancy in malignant salivary gland tumors.
Hodgkin Lymphoma Presenting as Immune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Jain Mili , Pandey Neetu , Verma Nishant , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: October 2019

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in lymphoid malignancies has been observed primarily in relation to chronic lymphoproliferative disorders. ITP in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a rare presentation, most often reported at follow-up. We report a case of a 12-year-old female presenting with symptomatic thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis of HL. The patient had stage III B bulky disease with HL mixed cellularity subtype on histology. The patient was treated with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine regime along with local radiation therapy and is in complete remission at 18 months of follow-up. The treatment of underlying lymphoma in such cases resolves thrombocytopenia.
Assessment of Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia in Cancer Patients
Authors: Philip Malona Lilly , Saj Neethu , Sebastian Antony Mathew , Mateti Uday Venkat , Shetty Vijith
Published: October 2019

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia (CIFN) is an adverse drug reaction which needs medical attention. The treatment options for the CIFN are mandatory to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the in-patients and out-patients of oncology department who received chemotherapy from October 2016 to March 2017. The information such as demographics (age, gender, and comorbidities), complaints on admission, hematological investigations (neutrophil counts, platelet counts, hemoglobin levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cells), type of tumor, stage of cancer, prophylaxis, cycle of antineoplastic chemotherapy that cause febrile neutropenia, treatment history, and outcome data were obtained from the patient's clinical record. The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer score and Absolute Neutrophil Count grading was used to predict the patient's risk of developing CIFN. Results: Out of 200 patients, 19 patients developed 22 episodes of CIFN. The overall occurrence of CIFN during the study was 9.5%. The higher incidence of CIFN has been observed among male gender (57.89%), stage III patients (42.10%), solid tumor (73.68%), and double chemotherapy regimen (59.1%). The higher incidence of CIFN was developed in I cycle (36.36%) followed by II cycle (22.72%) and VI cycle (18.18%). Conclusions: The incidence of CIFN during the study was 9.5%. In the 19 chemotherapy-induced FN patients, there has no significant effect of prophylaxis to prevent the febrile neutropenia.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Mauritius
Authors:   International Monetary Fund
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the IMF has released a growing number of reports and other documents covering economic and financial developments and trends in member countries. Each report, prepared by a staff team after discussions with government officials, is published at the option of the member country.
Sri Lanka
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: October 2019

This paper discusses Sri Lanka’s First Review Under the Extended Arrangement Under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF) and Request for Modification of Performance Criterion (PCs). Performance under the program has been largely satisfactory. All end-June quantitative PCs were met, together with all indicative targets for June. The structural benchmarks due in July–September were not met, but the authorities have been making progress toward their completion which is now scheduled for December 2016. In light of the progress so far and the authorities’ policy commitments going forward, the IMF staff supports the completion of the First Review under the EFF.
Namibia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: October 2019

This 2016 Article IV Consultation highlights that Namibia has experienced remarkable growth and economic progress since the financial crisis. Strong policy frameworks and expansionary domestic policies have contributed to macroeconomic stability, robust growth, and rising living standards. Yet deep-rooted structural impediments have kept unemployment high and unresponsive to growth, contributing to persistently high inequality. The outlook remains positive with considerable vulnerabilities and risks. Growth is projected to temporarily weaken to 1.6 percent in 2016 as the construction of large mines ends and the government starts consolidating.
Namibia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: October 2019

This Selected Issues paper assesses the impact of alternative fiscal consolidation strategies on Namibia’s growth. It uses a model developed at the IMF to gain insights on what would be a growth-friendly composition of the fiscal adjustment. The analysis suggests that a combined strategy of revenue and expenditure measures has lower negative effects on growth than a pure expenditure-based adjustment. Structural reforms improving the efficiency of public investment can further reduce the negative effect of consolidation on growth, and potentially strengthen growth. Overall, minimizing the negative impact of fiscal consolidation on growth requires combining revenue and expenditure measures, together with fiscal structural reforms.
Albania
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: October 2019

Albania’s economy continues to strengthen, benefitting from rising domestic demand, large energy-related FDI, and a recovery in key EU trading partners. Fiscal and financial vulnerabilities have been lowered; however, challenges remain from the high level of public debt and financing needs, non-performing loans (NPLs), and institutional weaknesses that hinder investment. The clear government mandate following election victory in June, the favorable economic outlook, and the prospects for opening negotiation for EU accession provide a window of opportunity to resume implementing the reform agenda. Albania remains under Post-Program Monitoring.
Republic of Serbia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: October 2019

Recent economic developments. The program is broadly on track and the economy is growing strongly, supported by private consumption, investment, and exports. Fiscal performance remains sound, modernization of the tax administration has accelerated, and public debt has fallen sharply. Inflation remains below the mid-point of the NBS inflation band, while the NBS has kept rates on hold since April. Both credit and private sector wage growth are strengthening.
Program performance. Quantitative targets (QTs) for end-September 2018 were met, apart from a minor deviation on the QT for domestic arrears. Most reform targets (RTs) have been implemented, albeit some with delays. Staff recommends completion of the first review under the Policy Coordination Instrument and modification of QTs for end-March and an establishment of end-September 2019 QTs.
Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: October 2019

Given its bulging working-age population, creating more and better jobs is the country’s overarching priority. Uzbekistan has already implemented a first wave of important economic reforms, including foreign exchange liberalization, tax reform, and a major upgrade in statistics. Faced with a vast structural reform agenda, the authorities want to prioritize reforms that address the economy’s most damaging distortions first. The main short-term macroeconomic stability challenge is to prevent a credit boom that could generate excessive external deficits and aggravate inflation pressures.
Sri Lanka
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Published: October 2019

After three decades of civil war and political instability that ended in 2009, Sri Lanka has embarked on a program of reform intended to enable the country to emerge as an internationally competitive middle level economy. In the last couple of years, the SEC has undergone multiple assessments against international standards which have contributed to the design of its financial sector reform program. In 2015, The World Bank Market Development Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) highlighted the challenges facing Sri Lanka and recommended modernization reforms. In July 2016, an IOSCO Review Team (RT) assessed the SEC against IOSCO’s Objectives and Principles and made detailed recommendations for amendments to the SEC Act, including for the enforcement program.
Cyprus
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Published: October 2019

Economic growth is gradually decelerating but remains strong, buoyed by the services and construction sectors, partly financed with foreign direct investment. While employment is picking up, wage pressures and inflation remain low. A large fiscal surplus is helping to lower public debt after a sizable one-off increase related to the sale of Cyprus Cooperative Bank (CCB) last year. The removal of CCB’s non-performing loans (NPLs) and securitization of a large NPL portfolio has led to a sharp reduction in NPLs, earning Cyprus a sovereign rating upgrade back to investment grade status. Nevertheless, NPLs are still among the highest in the EU, public and private debt levels remain elevated and efforts to clean up bank balance sheets and build capital buffers are ongoing.
Indonesia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: October 2019

Selected Issues
Saudi Arabia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept.
Published: October 2019

Reforms are starting to yield positive results. Oil prices and production have been volatile, and uncertainties in the global oil market continue. Promoting non-oil growth and creating jobs for Saudi nationals remain key challenges. Non-oil growth is expected to strengthen further this year and over the medium term. Risks to the growth outlook are broadly balanced.
Uganda
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
Published: October 2019

Significant progress has been achieved since 2015 in strengthening public investment
management, with the reforms showing first results. The Ministry of Finance, Planning and
Economic Development’s (MoFPED) recent focus was on two areas. The project appraisal stage
has been strengthened to enhance project readiness, with a well-articulated four-stage appraisal
process now in place and broadly enforced, controlled by the Development Committee (DC). A
stock-take of ongoing projects has been completed, upgrading the information base, with a
comprehensive database of investment projects now available. The authorities now have a
reliable and stable estimate of the size of public investments of UGX 87 trillion (87 percent of
GDP), including 94 new initiatives worth around 40 percent of GDP that were identified through
the review process. The new information has already been used in the FY19/20 budget process,
including cancelling and requesting reassessment of existing projects. This has elevated the
quality of discussions on projects between MoFPED and Ministries, Departments and Agencies
(MDAs).
Mongolia
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Published: October 2019

Since the start of the IMF-supported program in early 2017, the economy has
recovered significantly and is now more resilient due to a stronger policy framework,
significant official financing, and a rebound in external demand. Nonetheless, fiscal,
financial, and external buffers remain insufficient, particularly given Mongolia’s
vulnerability to shocks. Moreover, the IMF-supported program is currently delayed. The
near-term priority is addressing outstanding prior actions under the program and
passing a 2020 budget consistent with continued debt reduction.
Verificatie van milieuverslagen
Authors: Kolk Ans
Published: October 2019

Een decennium na de publicatie van de eerste milieuverslagen zijn steeds meer bedrijven ertoe overgegaan regelmatig over hun milieuaspecten te rapporteren. Dit gebeurt op verschillende manie-ren: door het opnemen van milieu-informatie in het financiële of sociale verslag, of door het uit-brengen van een apart duurzaamheids- of milieu-verslag. Een afzonderlijk milieuverslag, meestal op papier maar in toenemende mate ook elektro-nisch, is hierbij verreweg het gebruikelijkst. Uit recent onderzoek naar de stand van zaken bij de 100 grootste ondernemingen in 11 landen blijkt dat 24% een milieuverslag publiceert; in 1993 was dat nog 12% en in 1996 17% (KPMG, 1993; KPMG, 1997; KPMG/WIMM, 1999). Met 25% scoort Nederland gemiddeld. In Duitsland, de Scandinavische landen, Groot-Brittannië en de Verenigde Staten worden relatief meer milieuver-slagen gepubliceerd, in België, Finland, Australië en Frankrijk aanzienlijk minder. Van de 250 grootste multinationale onderne-mingen van de Fortune-lijst brengt 35% een ver-slag uit; voor financiële bedrijven ligt dit percen-tage met 15% overigens veel lager dan voor de overige sectoren, waarvan 44% rapporteert (Kolk, Walhain en Van de Wateringen, 2001; KPMG/ WIMM, 1999). Deze tendens, dat de industriële, meer ‘vervuilende’ sectoren vooroplopen, terwijl verslaglegging bij banken, verzekeraars en dienst-verlenende bedrijven minder gebruikelijk is, geldt in het algemeen. Dit heeft veel te maken met de redenen voor het publiceren van een milieuver-slag.
Rijksoverheid
Authors: Molenkamp A. , Tummers M. P.
Published: October 2019

Dit artikel gaat over het bewust en harmonieus hanteren van de mix aan instrumenten bij het uitoefenen van (extern) toezicht. Onderscheid wordt daarbij gemaakt tussen ex ante en ex post instrumenten; gesteld wordt dat de kwaliteit van ex ante instrumenten de effectiviteit van inspecties zal bevorderen. Auteurs brengen ook onderscheid aan tussen toezichtinstrumenten die op doelorganisaties zijn gericht en instrumenten voor de interne beheersing. Daarnaast zijn de auteurs van oordeel dat het toezicht zich ook dient uit te strekken tot de kwaliteit van bedrijfsvoering binnen de doelorganisatie.
International capital flows into private equity funds
Authors: Schwienbacher Armin
Published: October 2019

In this study the investment behavior of US institutional investors in selecting private equity funds isanalyzed. The results show that, while this group of investors predominantly selected US funds, their interest in directly investing in foreign funds has increased over time. Insurance companies, financial corporations (banks), and public pension funds in the US are ‘global players’ that are likely to invest directly in foreign private equity funds. This conclusion holds for investments in European funds as well as for investments in Asia. More experienced funds providers are more likely to invest abroad, and when doing so they are more likely to invest in venture capital funds as opposed to buyout funds.
Toepassing IFRS 7 door Nederlandse en Europese banken 1 Inleiding In augustus 2005 is International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 7 ‘Financiële instrumenten: informatieverschaffing’ gepubliceerd
Authors: Bout Bert-Jan
Published: October 2019

In deze bijdrage wordt onderzocht in hoeverre een populatie van Nederlandse en (overige) Europese banken voldoet aan de toelichtingsvereisten van IFRS 7 op het gebied van informatie over aard en omvang van uit financiële instrumenten voortvloeiende risico’s. Zo moeten zowel kwalitatieve als kwantitatieve toelichtingen gegeven worden voor de in IFRS 7 gedefinieerde financiële risico’s (kredietrisico, liquiditeitsrisico en marktrisico). Naast het empirisch jaarverslagenonderzoek met betrekking tot de kwaliteit van naleving van de voorschriften, worden best practices gepresenteerd en van commentaar voorzien. Deze bijdrage wordt afgesloten met een nabeschouwing inclusief aanbevelingen.
Jaarverantwoording van grondexploitatie in crisis; welk beeld geeft de gemeentelijke jaarrekening?
Authors: Vos Koos , Scholte Oscar Ferrero
Published: October 2019

Als gevolg van de financiële crisis worden ambitieuze grondexploitatieplannen en projecten van de gemeente aangepast, op de lange baan geschoven of komen deze in de ijskast. De huidige situatie en ontwikkelingen leiden hierbij tot aanzienlijke verliezen op de gemeentelijke grondexploitaties en strategische grondposities van gemeenten. In februari 2012 heeft de commissie Besluit begroting en verantwoording provincies en gemeenten (commissie BBV) als gevolg van deze ontwikkelingen een bijgestelde Notitie grondexploitatie gepubliceerd. In het artikel wordt verslag gedaan van het onderzoek naar de verplichte en vrijwillige verslaggeving omtrent de grondexploitaties van de 50 grootste gemeenten van Nederland over 2011. Een belangrijke uitkomst van ons onderzoek is dat er op basis van de minimumvereisten in het Besluit begroting en verantwoording provincies en gemeenten (BBV) maar in beperkte mate informatie hoeft te worden opgenomen in de jaarstukken door gemeenten en dat dit redelijk goed gebeurt. Daarnaast wordt door een deel van de gemeenten in aanvulling op deze verplichte informatie op grond van het BBV interne informatie onverplicht opgenomen in de jaarstukken. De conclusie uit het onderzoek is dat de totale verplichte en vrijwillige relevante informatie sterk gefragmenteerd in de jaarstukken en interne stukken is opgenomen. De informatieverstrekking in de toelichting over de onderbouwing van kosten en opbrengsten van grondexploitaties op basis van veronderstellingen, parameters en ontwikkelingen schiet tekort voor de gebruiker van de jaarrekening.
Informatie over convenanten en (her)financieringen in jaarrekeningen van Nederlandse ondernemingen
Authors: Backhuijs J. B. , Mertens G. M. H.
Published: October 2019

Gekwantificeerde informatie over de financiering van ondernemingen draagt bij aan het verschaffen van inzicht in de solvabiliteit en liquiditeit van ondernemingen. In dit artikel wordt onderzocht welke (kwantitatieve) informatie Nederlandse ondernemingen, die rapporteren op basis van IFRS of Dutch GAAP (Nederlandse verslaggevingsregels), in hun jaarrekening geven over gedurende het verslagjaar aangetrokken financiering, of zij met hun financiers convenanten afsluiten, welke dit zijn, of de uit deze convenanten afgeleide doelstellingen worden gerealiseerd en wat en hoe zij daarover in hun jaarrekeningen rapporteren.
Tracking down global NH3 point sources with wind-adjusted superresolution
Authors: Clarisse Lieven , Van Damme Martin , Clerbaux Cathy , Coheur Pierre-François
Published: October 2019

Abstract. As a precursor of atmospheric aerosols, ammonia (NH3) is one of the primary gaseous air pollutants. Given its short atmospheric lifetime, ambient NH3 concentrations are dominated by local sources. In a recent study, Van Damme et al. (2018) have highlighted the importance of NH3 point sources, especially those associated with feedlots and industrial ammonia production. Their emissions were shown to be largely underestimated in bottom-up emission inventories. The discovery was made possible thanks to the use of oversampling techniques applied to 9 years of global daily IASI NH3 satellite measurements. Oversampling allows one to increase the spatial resolution of averaged satellite data beyond what the satellites natively offer. Here we apply for the first time superresolution techniques, which are commonplace in many fields that rely on imaging, to measurements of an atmospheric sounder, whose images consist of just single pixels. We demonstrate the principle on synthetic data and on IASI measurements of a surface parameter. Superresolution is a priori less suitable to be applied on measurements of variable atmospheric constituents, in particular those affected by transport. However, by first applying the wind-rotation technique, which was introduced in the study of other primary pollutants, superresolution becomes highly effective in mapping NH3 at a very high spatial resolution. We show that plume transport can be revealed in greater detail than what was previously thought to be possible. Next, using this wind-adjusted superresolution technique, we introduce a new type of NH3 map that allows tracking down point sources more easily than the regular oversampled average. On a subset of known emitters, the source could be located within a median distance of 1.5 km. We subsequently present a new global point-source catalog consisting of more than 500 localized and categorized point sources. Compared to our previous catalog, the number of identified sources more than doubled. In addition, we refined the classification of industries into five categories – fertilizer, coking, soda ash, geothermal and explosives industries – and introduced a new urban category for isolated NH3 hotspots over cities. The latter mainly consists of African megacities, as clear isolation of such urban hotspots is almost never possible elsewhere due to the presence of a diffuse background with higher concentrations. The techniques presented in this paper can most likely be exploited in the study of point sources of other short-lived atmospheric pollutants such as SO2 and NO2.
Enraciner, explorer, pénétrer le secret dans la fiction du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Daguisé Floriane
Published: October 2019

L’étymologie du terme « secret », issu du participe passé du verbe secernere signifiant « mettre à part », « séparer », invite à penser le secret en termes d’espace. Le Dictionnaire de Trévoux confirme son affinité avec le domaine privé en spécifiant l’usage de l’adjectif appliqué à un lieu : « Un lieu secret, c’est le privé », c’est-à-dire un espace solitaire, isolé. Au cours du xviiie siècle, les habitations, en particulier urbaines, connaissent des évolutions, selon un double mouvement de clôture et d’ouverture : l’espace devient labyrinthe, fondé sur les plis et replis architecturaux, tendu vers une dispersion illimitée, entre miniaturisation et circulation. Dans sa mise en scène récurrente de la préservation et de la surprise du secret, les fictions du xviiie siècle rendent compte des aménagements contemporains, en exploitent le potentiel dramatique et en traduisent la nature symbolique. Si la critique a bien mis en évidence l’usage libertin de l’espace, dans la gradation spatialisée du désir, il apparaît que le secret tenu caché ou mis à découvert dans les œuvres du xviiie siècle offre le spectacle du secret en une pratique spatialisée et contrôlée. L’espace n’est pas seulement un outil pour accéder au secret, mais un instrument pour séduire et contraindre, en somme pour captiver.
Impact assessment of mass gatherings using labelling procedure in ED, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, 2016
Authors: Meurice Laure , Bernadou Anne , Tignon Antoine , Siguret Patricia , Vandentorren Stéphanie , Caserio-Schönemann Céline , Maillard Laurent , Ligier Caroline
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo access the potential health impact on the population during mass gathering over time using labelling procedure in emergency department (ED).IntroductionThe massive flow of people to mass gathering events, such as festivals or sports events like EURO 2016, may increase public health risks. In the particular context of several terrorist attacks that took place in France in 2015, the French national Public Health agency has decided to strengthen the population health surveillance systems using the mandatory notification disease system and the French national syndromic surveillance SurSaUD®.The objectives in terms of health surveillance of mass gathering are: 1/ the timely detection of a health event (infectious cluster, environmental exposure, collective foodborne disease…) 2/ the health impact assessment of an unexpected event such as a terrorist attack.In collaboration with the Regional Emergency Observatory (ORU), a procedure for the labeling of emergencies has been tested to identify the ED records that could be considered as linked to the event.MethodsDuring summer 2016, the procedure was tested on seven major festive events throughout the region. In addition to the main medical diagnosis, a specific ICD-10 code “Y3388” was chosen to be used in associated diagnosis for records that were supposed to linked to the event.Information on the labeling procedure was insured by the ORU to the emergency departments.All records with medical diagnoses or medical pattern beginning by Y33 have been analyzed.ResultsNo significant increase in the global indicator was observed in the ED impacted by mass gathering. The ED labelling procedure identified 260 records: two thirds corresponded to young men and 17% came from abroad. Among the 250 records labeled in associated diagnosis, 39% were associated to traumatisms and 31% corresponded to alcohol intake.ConclusionsThis study shows that a labelling procedure allows the identification, quantification and characterization of the population ED records associated with mass gathering. Additionally, a labelling procedure to assess a potential impact of an event as mass gathering can be implemented fairly rapidly.
Malaria risk assessment through Remote Sensing and MultiCriteria Evaluation in Madagascar
Authors: Rakotoarison Anthonio , Rasamimalala Mampionona , Rakotomanga Jean-Marius , Ramiranirina Brune , Franchard Thierry , Kapesa Laurent , Razafindrakoto Jocelyn , Baril Laurence , Piola Patrice , Rakotomanana Fanjasoa
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveMadagascar is one of the low-income countries with limited resources. In order to minimize the cost of the fight against malaria, the main objective of this study is to identify the priority zone for Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS).IntroductionMalaria remains a major public health problem in Madagascar. Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) is the adopted strategy for malaria control in the CHs and Fringe regions of Madagascar. Remotely sensed data analysis combined with Multi-Criteria Evaluation become crucial to target priority areas for intervention.MethodsSatellite images were used to update land cover information using object based image analysis method, NOAA and MODIS for temperature and rainfall data. Multi-Criteria Evaluation was performed by weighted linear combination to obtain the gradient of malaria transmission risk. Factor weights were determined by pair-wise comparison based on literature review and expert knowledge. Fuzzy set theory was used to perform the factors weighting. To estimate a best fit risk magnitude probability per commune, we used per pixel values for inhabited locations, and chose an adjusted mean. The Jenks Natural Breaks algorithm was used to classify the obtained malaria risk gradient. All the process was compiled in a semi-automatic plugin working in an open source software. Comparison of risk magnitude between two consecutive years was performed to assess the environmental change.ResultsThree models of malaria risk are available for 2014, 2015 and 2016. The updated land cover map showed suitable breeding sites for mosquito responsible of malaria transmission in CHs with an accuracy of 84%. A change of 64.4% and 35.6% unchanged were obtained concerning change detection of malaria risk between 2014 and 2015. Between the years 2015 and 2016, 11.2% of the area of interest remains unchanged while 88.8% changed. Respectively 26.9% decreased and 61.9% increased.ConclusionsIt is crucial to focus the indoor residual spraying efforts according to the risk gradient. This allows to increase the effectiveness of the intervention targeting areas with the most need, as well as to optimize financial and logistical resource management.References1. Rakotomanana, F, Randremanana R, Rabarijaona L, et al. Determining areas that require indoor insecticide spraying using Multi Criteria Evaluation, a decision-support tool for malaria vector control programmes in the Central Highlands of Madagascar. International Journal of Health Geographics, 2007, 6:2. 10.1186/1476-072X-6-22. Saaty TL: A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures . Journal of Mathematical Psychology. 1977, 15: 234-281. 10.1016/0022-2496(77)90033-5.
HL7 Terminology Management for Disease Surveillance
Authors: Roberts Emily , Jeppson Theron , Boulton Rachelle , Ridderhoff Josh
Published: October 2019

Objective: The objective of this abstract is to illustrate how the Utah Department of Health processes a high volume of electronic data. We do this by translating what reporters send within an HL7 message into "epidemiologist" language for consumption into our disease surveillance system.Introduction: In 2013, the Utah Department of Health (UDOH) began working with hospital and reference laboratories to implement electronic laboratory reporting (ELR) of reportable communicable disease data. Laboratories utilize HL7 message structure and standard terminologies such as LOINC and SNOMED to send data to UDOH. These messages must be evaluated for validity, translated, and entered into Utah’s communicable disease surveillance system (UT-NEDSS), where they can be accessed by local and state investigators and epidemiologists. Despite the development and use of standardized terminologies, reporters may use different, outdated versions of these terminologies, may not use the appropriate codes, or may send local, home-grown terminologies. These variations cause problems when trying to interpret test results and automate data processing. UDOH has developed a two-step translation process that allows us to first standardize and clean incoming messages, and then translate them for consumption by UT-NEDSS. These processes allow us to efficiently manage several different terminologies and helps to standardize incoming data, maintain data quality, and streamline the data entry process.Methods: UDOH uses the Electronic Message Staging Area (EMSA) to receive ELR messages, manage terminologies such as LOINC and SNOMED, translate messages, and automatically enter laboratory data into UT-NEDSS. LOINCs and other terms, such as facility name, sent by reporting facilities in an HL7 message are considered child terms. All child terms are mapped to a master LOINC or term and each master LOINC or term is mapped to a specific value within UT-NEDSS. In EMSA, the rules engine used for automated processing of electronic data is set to run at the master level and these rules will determine how the message is processed. No rules are set up or run on child terms.Results: As of 09/20/2017, EMSA contains 2,613 unique child LOINCs that are mapped to 906 master LOINCs. Those 906 master LOINCs are mapped to 179 UT-NEDSS test types and 2003 child facility names are mapped to 1043 master facility namesConclusions: Mapping child terminologies from an HL7 message to a master vocabulary helps us to standardize incoming data, allows us to accept non-standard terminologies and correct reporting errors. Translating this data into a format that is understandable to epidemiologists and investigators enables UT-NEDSS to work effectively in identifying outbreaks and improving health outcomes. This framework is working for ELR and will continue to grow and accept more data and the different terminologies that come with that.