bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLASSIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE RESULTS OF BUSINESS STRUCTURE
Authors:   Dnipro University of Technology, Romaniuk Natalya
Published: February 2023

Small business entities assume all the risk associated with the planning, production and sale of a wide range of products. Therefore, risk becomes an integral companion of their activity and determines the need to develop and implement methods for assessing and forecasting the impact of risk factors on the results of production and economic activity of enterprises in order to ensure the efficiency of its functioning and further development. It is impossible to investigate the influence of all factors, since the modern management conditions of business structures are characterized by incomplete certainty and instability, therefore risk becomes an inseparable companion of their activity. Depending on the direction of influence, all risk factors are divided into external and internal. The former create external economic conditions independently of the enterprise and are not controlled by it, however, they influence the results of its activity and determine the need for adaptation to changes in the external environment. The factors of the internal environment are directly controlled by the enterprise itself. In addition, they depend on changes that occur in the external environment. The question of classifying risk factors in order to determine the degree of their influence on the performance of companies and to develop measures aimed at reducing negative consequences is gaining special relevance. Since it is impossible to assess the impact of all risk factors on business results, it is advisable to classify them according to the duration of the impact, the level of danger and the level of elimination of the negative impact. According to the duration of exposure, risk factors should be divided into factors of long-term, medium-term and short-term impact. According to the level of danger - on factors related to high, medium, low levels and safe factors. By level of liquidation – on macroeconomic, regional and microeconomic. The specified classifications should be the basis for evaluating and analyzing the impact of factors when forecasting possible business results, determining the probability of the impact of factors and changes in the specified impact over time.
CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMING THE MODEL OF INCLUSIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF AGRIBUSINESS SUBJECTS
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Stepanenko Sergii
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the conceptual foundations of the formation of a model of inclusive management of the resource potential of agribusiness entities. A contour base of meaningful features of inclusive models of business development in the agrarian sphere is proposed. A set of tools is outlined that help agrarian business entities acquire and realize the benefits associated with inclusion in the inclusive business process. The tools are socially oriented marketing, business operations that are inclusive in nature, inclusive innovations as the innovation of any modern transformations, financial and investment resources of the agricultural sector, partnership relations that develop in the microenvironment of inclusive agribusiness. The stages of the formation of an inclusive model of rational management of the resource potential of business entities in the agrarian sphere are defined and substantiated. The stages of formation of an inclusive model of the use of resource potential include: definition of strategy and specification of goals of a commercial and social nature; assessment of the factors of the business environment of the model and the system of motivators for its participants; involvement of participants in a mutually beneficial partnership; creation of an organizational and economic management mechanism for the use of resource potential; joining the informational online platforms of resources; determination of the final financial result of the participants' work within the inclusive model; formation of financial potential for solving non-commercial goals and goals for the development of rural areas; creating additional value and increasing the degree of participation of the agricultural sector in the social value chain; assessment of the cumulative effect of the functioning of the inclusive model; substantiation of directions and tools for improving the effectiveness of the functioning of the inclusive model. A conceptual model of inclusive management of the resource potential of agribusiness entities has been developed. The key factor in the implementation of the inclusive model is taking into account the factors of the internal and external business environment of agricultural entities, and the central element of the inclusive model of managing the resource potential of agrarian business entities is a matrix that combines basic tools and methods of using agricultural resources.
METHODICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSMENT OF THE CAPACITY OF PARTNERSHIP IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN TERMS OF DECENTRALIZATION
Authors:   Transcarpathian Regional Center of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kudak Kristina , Stoika Viktoriia ,   Transcarpathian Regional Center of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

In the modern terms of the implementation of the administrative and territorial reform and the formation of the local communities in Ukraine, the issue of partnership relations is becoming more relevant. The purpose of the article is to develop the methodological approaches for assessing the capacity of partnership of territorial communities in terms of decentralization. The methodology of assessing the capacity of partnership of communities should take into account the assessment of the potential of communities and their relationships with other economic subjects, such as public sector, business and government. At the same time, the lack of necessary statistical information complicates the process of calculating the degree of the capacity of partnership in local communities. Also, taking into account the fact that the categories as «capacity» and «partnership» are relatively qualitative indicators, the assessment of their level requires the use of the most effective approach and methodology that is adapted to modern economic conditions. The basic elements of the developed methodical approaches are the determinants that were obtained on the basis of the results of structured interviews with the leaders of the local communities in Zakarpattia region and the coefficients of the expert assessments of the partnership capacity. The analysis of the capacity of partnership is proposed to be carry out in the context of three blocks, in particular "local community-public sector", " local community -business" and " local community-government". Taking into account the largest amount of the initial base for the analysis of partnership capacity in the block "OTG-public sector" (based on the results of structured interviews analysis), the evaluation method is proposed based on the analysis of this component of the capacity of partnership. It is proposed to divide the local communities according to the level of partnership capacity to three groups, in particular, communities with low, medium and high level of capacity, that makes it possible to use a selective approach to the development of local communities and could be used by the leaders of the local government during the realization of different programs and plans of regional and local development.
ENSURING THE STATE'S DEBT SUSTAINABILITY IN CURRENT CONDITIONS
Authors:   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Hobela Volodymyr , Leskiv Halyna ,   Lviv State University of Internal Affairs, Flyak Vitaliy ,   Ukrainian Academy of Printing
Published: February 2023

The paper aimed at researching the state's debt sustainability, assessing its condition and developing ways to improve it in current conditions characterized by a significant level of uncertainty and risk. The study emphasizes that the state's debt sustainability largely depends on the level of its debt and budget security. Emphasis was placed on the necessity and importance of ensuring the debt sustainability of the state in the modern conditions of uncertainty and risk caused by the war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the global economic recession. Such threats significantly affect the lowering of the country's debt sustainability level and contribute to the formation of serious threats to national security. Moreover, Ukraine had a significant amount of public debt before the start of armed aggression, and after the start of the active phase of the war, this level only increased at a very fast pace which is a significant threat to the financial and national security of Ukraine. Accordingly, the assessment of the state's debt sustainability level will allow for an assessment of the main threats to the country in the future. Therefore, it was proposed to carry out an analysis of the state's debt sustainability by assessing the state of debt and budget security. The expediency of using the selected methodology for calculating debt and budget security indicators is substantiated. This technique involves the calculation of individual indicators and the overall indicator of budget security and the calculation of individual indicators and the overall indicator of debt security. As a result of the use of this methodology, an assessment of the state of the state's budget security and state debt security was made. Corresponding conclusions have been made, which provide for the identification of the main threats to ensure the budgetary and debt security of the state. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper developed proposals to strengthen the state's debt and budget security, which will contribute to ensuring its debt sustainability in current conditions characterized by a significant level of uncertainty and risk.
FINANCIAL RESULTS OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National Aviation University, Slavinskyi Slavinskyi , Hurуn Oleksandra ,   National Aviation University
Published: February 2023

Enterprise’s financial statements may be defined as structured presentation of the information about the financial position, financial performance and cash flows in the form of: assets; liabilities (payables); equity; revenue; expenses; cash inflows, outflows and net cash flows. Based on this information, one could analyse revenue and expenses, financial performance, financial position, cash flows and effectiveness of the overall business of the enterprise. The efficiency of the enterprise's operational, investment and financial activities is expressed in the achieved financial results. To determine the financial result of the enterprise's activity for the reporting period, it is necessary to compare the revenues of the reporting period and the expenses incurred to obtain these revenues. To determine the financial result of the enterprise's activity for the reporting period, it is necessary to follow the rules for determining income and expenses, namely: accrual, compliance, periodicity. Financial indicators reflect the efficiency of the enterprise and its profit, which is the main goal of any enterprise. A large number of interconnected material, labor and financial resources are involved in the implementation of the production and financial activities of enterprises. Therefore, the study of methods of determining and improving financial results, interaction with other economic indicators to form prerequisites for the growth of competitiveness and profitability of the enterprise, ensuring the stable development of economic activity over many years determine an important scientific and practical role in the study of this issue. The growth of the financial result gives the enterprise the opportunity for self-financing, expansion of production and strengthening of financial relations with partners. The formation of financial results is a very important indicator of the activity of business entities, the result of which can be positive (profit) or negative (loss). This is what determines the efficiency of the enterprise. To form financial results, it is necessary to correctly reflect the purpose of the activity, the profitability of the enterprise, and analyze changes in the profit indicator. High-quality planning and the correctness of management decisions make it possible to increase indicators of financial results and meet the needs of management groups, as well as to receive more reliable information about the financial state of the enterprise.
EFFECTIVENESS OF HOUSING COOPERATIVES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Puhachenko Olha , Fomina Tetiana ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: February 2023

The article considers the performance indicators of the housing cooperatives in Ukraine in the context of globalization. It is proved that the welfare of its residents and co-owners, further development of the house and the rational use of adjacent territories depend on the quality of housing cooperatives, which indicates the effectiveness of its activities. The aim of the article is to study the essence of efficiency for housing cooperatives and to develop proposals to improve the efficiency of their activities in the context of globalization processes in Ukraine. The methodological principles of the study are the fundamental provisions of the theory of efficiency and management. To solve the tasks, a set of general scientific and special research methods was used: comparison, abstraction, analysis and synthesis, which ensured the use of a systematic approach to assessing the effectiveness of housing cooperatives. Methods of grouping, comparing and scientific generalization were used to analyze scientific achievements on the problems of defining the concept of "efficiency" and developing proposals to improve the efficiency of housing cooperatives. The graphical method was used to visualize the results of the study. The theoretical significance of the obtained results of the study is as follows: it is proved that housing cooperatives belong to the subjects of social entrepreneurship, as it has not only the status of non-profitability, but also ensures the achievement of socio-economic goals of homeowners in meeting their social needs and improving the quality of life; the essence of the concept of "efficiency" is considered as its manifestation not only in quantitative indicators, but also in qualitative ones, since they more fully characterize the purpose of creation and operation of housing cooperatives; a set of quantitative and qualitative performance indicators of housing cooperatives has been developed to meet the needs of citizens. The practical significance of the results obtained is that this material can be used by housing cooperatives of different types, forms of ownership and legal status in assessing the effectiveness of their activities both quantitatively and qualitatively.
ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE: A RATING APPROACH
Authors:   National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, Lunova Tetiana
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the article is to review existing ratings of international competitiveness and assess the level of competitiveness of the national economy of Ukraine. The essence of the term "competitiveness of the national economy" is considered, the author's definition of this concept is given. An overview of the current ratings for assessing the competitiveness of national economies was made, including the Global Competitive Index, Global Innovation Index, Bloomberg Innovation Index, Economic Freedom Index, World Competitiveness Ranking, and other indices characterizing the level of digital transformation of the economy. The method of their calculation and a set of indicators are described. The position of Ukraine in the Global Competitive Index for the period 2012-2019 was determined, the reasons for low competitiveness ratings were analyzed, and the biggest factor inhibiting the growth of the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy was identified. The strong and weak links of the innovative system of Ukraine are characterized according to the Global Innovation Index. Infrastructure, state institutions, and the development of the domestic market are among the weaknesses. The strengths of the innovative system of Ukraine are related to the results of the use of knowledge and technologies; with the results of creative activity; business development and the quality of human capital and science. The position of Ukraine in the rating of global digital competitiveness for the period 2017-2021 was considered. The protection of intellectual property rights and high investment risks are among the weaknesses of Ukraine in this rating. The dynamics of Ukraine's assessment of economic freedom and the country's position according to the Human Development Index were studied. The article draws attention to the reduction of the gross domestic product, the increase in the level of unemployment and inflation in Ukraine as a result of the long-term armed aggression of the Russian Federation, which will become a key factor in reducing the level of competitiveness of the national economy in the future.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING IN THE ENTERPRISE DURING THE ADAPTATION PERIOD
Authors:   Educational and Scientific Institute of Economic and Business Management Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Kalina Iryna , Mazur Yuliia ,   Educational and Scientific Institute of Economic and Business Management Interregional Academy of Personnel Management
Published: February 2023

Marketing during the adaptation period is a complex system of measures that allows you to direct the activities of the enterprise to meet public needs (problems) and consumer needs and, thanks to this, to obtain planned profits, maintain the stability of the enterprise, and increase the efficiency of its operation for the sake of the economic development of the state. The article substantiates the organizational and economic mechanism of implementing the principles of marketing at the enterprise during the adaptation period, which consists of subsystems: functional, supply and special. Each subsystem includes its key elements for the development of the enterprise. The functional subsystem includes: a strategy for the introduction of new goods and services according to the needs (problems) of society, a comprehensive assessment of the consequences of the enterprise's activities during the period of martial law, a forecast of the results of the enterprise's activities in the adaptation and post-adaptation periods, planning of economic indicators according to the strategy for the introduction of new goods (services), motivational mechanisms for introducing new types of products, products, and services. Support subsystems include: informational, regulatory, resource, financial, organizational and digital, personnel support. This subsystem should be formed on the basis of widespread digitalization. A group of special subsystems complements the functional, strengthening or inhibiting individual management processes, the situation that was formed as a result of the sale of new products or the provision of services during the adaptation period. The implementation of the organizational and economic mechanism uses universal and adaptive approaches to the definition of marketing functions, the market is an adaptive tool for the development of the enterprise and the economy of the country, and it is an essential tool, because on the market there are buying and selling relations, which are the basis for the functioning of any systems: marketing research, development of adaptive marketing strategies, analysis of production and sales capabilities of the enterprise, market segmentation, product policy, price policy, distribution policy, communication policy, analysis and control of marketing activities.
The Alchemy of Equality Rights
Authors: Sealy-Harrington Joshua
Published: February 2023

A clear legal test for equality is impossible, as it should be. Indeed were the test clear, it could not be for equality. It would have to be for something other than equality — in effect, for inequality. The abstract character of equality is not a new idea. In fact, the Supreme Court of Canada’s first decision under section 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms recognized equality as “an elusive concept” that “lacks precise definition.” Why, then, do judges continue to demand such definition over thirty years later? The answer, at times, is politics.
Do the innovation and digital transformation strategies induce sme performances In new normal era? Structrual & confirmatory analysis models
Authors: Elsaman Hosam Azat , Aldabbagh Tamadher , Said Dina Sabry , Kousihan Suriya Kumaran , Japos Genaro V.
Published: February 2023

One of major challenge in a sustainable growth, which organizations face is a slow adoption of the digital transformation. This research work presents the reasons that lead to the slow digitization process in medical device SMEs in southern Germany. In addition, by developing the conceptual model, this work highlights the effect of these improper implementations on SME's business performances and financial situation. The researchers applied correlational research design methodology, with simple random sampling techniques along with empirical and statistical study with primary data collection. The main study variables are SME’s financial situation, SMEs organizational performance, and medical digitization rules. The study demonstrated the negative impact of delayed digital mechanisms in terms of businesses and financial performances.The extra transparency restrictions that add burdens for SMEs, and the lack of training for the employees, which in overall add more difficulties for adopting innovation and digital transformation are other factors negatively affecting the studied process.
Flexural Performance of Composite RC Beams Having an ECC Layer at the Tension Face
Authors: Khan Sajjad Wali , Ali Yousaf , Khan Fasih Ahmed , Fahim Muhammad , Gul Akhtar , Ullah Qazi Sami , Ul-Islam Shams-
Published: February 2023

This paper presents an experimental study on the flexural behavior of composite Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams having a monolithic Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) layer at the tension face. Due to the brittle nature of normal concrete, clear cover on the tension side of beam cracks results in spalling and corrosion of reinforcement. The proposed technique overcomes the inherent brittle behavior of normal concrete with the incorporation of ECC on the tension face. This also helps in reducing bond-splitting, cover-spalling, and buckling of reinforcement in RC flexural members. For testing purposes, six full-scale beam specimens (225 mm x 300 mm x 2400 mm) with the same reinforcement were cast and tested. Out of six, two specimens were made of conventional concrete, whereas the remaining four (two each) had an ECC layer of 75mm and 100mm thick at the tension face respectively. Each specimen was installed with three strain gauges (one each at the midspan top & bottom surface of concrete and one midspan rebar on the tension face) and one LVDT at midspan. The samples were then subjected to simple monotonic loading under a third-point bending test as per ASTM C78. The load-displacement, stress-strain and moment-curvature curves were obtained for all the tested specimens. It was found that ECC-strengthened beam samples displayed an increased flexural performance at first crack, yield, and ultimate load-carrying capacity as compared to conventional RC specimens. Whereas a better crack arrest with even distribution of cracks and improvement in ductility was observed for the ECC-strengthened composite beams.
Exercises for wrist flexibility, arm power, concentration and shooting results on petanque
Authors: Syahwira Irhas , Junaidi Said , Hidayah Taufiq , Sumartiningsih Sri , Rahayiu Setya
Published: February 2023

The aims of this study were: 1) To analyze the effect of wrist flexibility exercise on shooting results; 2) To analyze the impact of arm power training on shooting results; 3) To investigate the effect of concentration training on shooting results; 4) To examine the impact of wrist flexibility exercise, arm power and exercise. Concentration on the results of shooting petanque. This study uses a pre-experimental method with the "One Group Pretest Posttest Design" research design. The instrument used to test the shooting ability is the number game shooting station 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 with a distance of 6 meters. The subjects in this study were petanque athletes in Indragiri Hulu Regency, totalling 18 sons, using purposive sampling. The results of this study: 1) There is an effect of wrist flexibility exercises on the results of shooting petanque. 2) There is an effect of arm power training on the results of shooting petanque. 3) There is an effect of concentration training on the results of shooting petanque. 4) There are similarities between the results of wrist flexibility exercises, arm power, and concentration and without concentration on the shooting results of petanque athletes in the Indragiti upstream district. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect between wrist flexibility, arm power, and concentration on shooting results in petanque athletes in Indragiri Hulu Regency, based on the T-test simultaneously. This means that Wrist Flexibility, Arm Power, and Concentration are very influential in petanque sports.
The Effect of Training Methods and Eye-Foot Coordination on the Skills of Dribble, Passing and Football Control
Authors: Safarrudin Denny , Rahayu Setya , Sulaiman Sulaiman
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to determine and analyze the effect of passing and dribbling, the impact of high and low eye-foot coordination, the result of passing and dribble control with eye-foot coordination, and the interaction between training methods and eye-eye coordination. Foot on the ability to dribble and control football Quasi-experimental method with 2x2 factorial design. The results of this study: 1) There is a significant difference in the effect of the small-sided game's method with the ladder sprint passing target method on the dribbling, passing and control of SSB Academy R19 Kendal U-15 players in 2022. So that the target practice of passing ladder sprint is better in improving dribbling, skills passing and control. 2) There are significant differences in dribbling, passing and controlling SSB Academy R19 Kendal U-15 players in 2022 who have high and low eye-foot coordination. So high eye-foot coordination is better in improving dribbling, passing and control abilities. 3) There is no significant interaction between training (small-sided game and ladder sprint passing target) and eye-foot coordination on dribbling, passing and control of SSB Academy R19 Kendal U 15 players in 2022.
Концептуальні засади фінансового контролю за державними запозиченнями на місцевому рівні
Authors: Воронкова О. М. , Воленко В. Г.
Published: February 2023

У сучасних умовах реформи бюджетної децентралізації особливо актуальною стала потреба органів місцевого самоврядування у додаткових фінансових ресурсах на тлі нестабільності та недостатності фінансових надходжень. Місцеві запозичення можуть забезпечити покриття недостатності фінансування видатків бюджетів. Водночас існують істотні ризики для боргової безпеки як держави, так і її регіонів, настання яких упереджується адекватними заходами державного фінансового контролю. Метою статті є визначення концептуальних засад державного фінансового контролю за державними запозиченнями на місцевому рівні та напрямів його вдосконалення. У статті систематизовано авторські підходи до визначення поняття «місцеві запозичення», а також їх види та напрями використання. Розглянуто організаційно-правові засади здійснення різних форм місцевих запозичень. Оскільки місцеві позики є важливим джерелом наповнення доходів місцевих бюджетів, проаналізовано доходи місцевих бюджетів та оцінено стан місцевих запозичень.
Розкрито сутність і напрями фінансового контролю за місцевими запозиченнями, розглянуто відповідні повноваження та функції органів фінансового контролю. Висвітлено повноваження Міністерства фінансів України та Рахункової палати України у сфері аудиту ефективності управління державним боргом. Схематизовано систему аудиту ефективності управління державним боргом України та процес внутрішнього аудиту ефективності управління державним боргом Міністерством фінансів України. Окреслено напрями удосконалення фінансового контролю за місцевими запозиченнями, зокрема в аспекті унормування порядку державного фінансового контролю за місцевими запозиченнями на засадах чіткого розподілу функцій та повноважень органів контролю на державному і регіональному рівнях.
Toxic Pneumosclerosis as a Consequence of Chronic Plutonium Exposure
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Metlyaeva N.A. , Bushmanov A.Yu. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Galstyan I.A. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Shcherbatykh O.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Konchalovsky M.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Torubarov F.S. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia, Korenykov V.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To assess toxic pneumosclerosis caused by inhalation intake of plutonium aerosols in a patient who worked in contact with plutonium at the Mayak Production Association from 1948–1954. Material and methods: Patient Sh., born in 1924, higher education, at the age of 24, began working as a chemical engineer at MPO Mayak from 1948 to 1954 under conditions of increased occupational hazard of ionizing radiation (exposure to gamma rays and ingestion of plutonium aerosols). During her work, she received 389, 624 R: (1950 ‒ 83, 57; 1951 ‒ 187, 29; 1952 ‒ 70, 24; 1953 ‒ 48, 14). Carrying plutonium. Results: А clinical description of toxic pneumosclerosis of a severe degree of a progressive course, caused by the intake of mainly transportable plutonium aerosols against the background of a combined effect of external relatively uniform gamma radiation, is given. The carriage of plutonium and its removal from the body were established and confirmed. For diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, the patient underwent pentacin inhalations in 2 stages for 3 days. The excretion of plutonium-239 in the urine increased to a maximum of 940 units / min ‒ 1150 units / min (06.04.1957‒06.06.1957) and 464 units / min (06.14.1957), in feces ‒ 308 units / min ‒ 252 units / min (06.07.1957‒ 06.11.1957) and 236 units / min (18.06.1957). The assessment of the amount and alpha activity of the received in the lungs, liver, bones, and other organs was carried out according to the biophysical study of the organs of the corpse of the patient Sh. Conclusion: The clinical picture of the patient was determined by toxic plutonium pneumosclerosis of a severe degree of progressive course as a consequence of chronic exposure to plutonium. Hypoxia (hypoxemic and tissue). Pulmonary heart. Focal pneumonia. Upex lungs. Violation of the vasomotor and respiratory centers. Moderate oppression of hematopoiesis and asthenic syndrome as a consequence of chronic radiation sickness II degree. The disease progressed with damage to the main critical organs (lungs, liver, bones). The patient died from heart failure, which developed as a result of pneumosclerosis with symptoms of asphyxia.
Comparative Assessment of the Absorbed Doses Resulted from Occupational Exposure and Computed Tomography
Authors:   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia, Osipov M.V. , Ria F. ,   Duke University, North Caroline, Durham, US, Druzhinina P.S. ,   P.V. Ramzaev Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sokolnikov M.E. ,   Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Ozyorsk, Russia
Published: February 2023

A comparative assessment of the absorbed doses resulted from computed tomography (CT) examinations, and the dose resulted from occupational external gamma exposure of the “Mayak” workers was carried out. The patients’ diagnostic radiation dose was reconstructed using Monte-Carlo simulation on a population of 58 virtual adult phantoms across 13 CT protocol categories. Archival records of CT examinations of patients were used for the dose reconstruction. Information on technical parameters of scanning was extracted from DICOM files. The study sample has been linked to the Mayak worker register database to identify persons who had professional contact with ionizing radiation. Annual occupational dose records for the Mayak workers were obtained from the Dose-2013 dosimetry system. In this study, information on 212 patients was collected from 303 records. Among them, 42 Mayak employees were identified, including 24 persons who had non-zero dose of external gamma radiation, and 16 persons with internal alpha radiation dose due to occupational intake of 239Pu. Individual doses absorbed in the organs resulted from exposure to computed tomography and occupational activities has been compared. The results showed significant variability of the absorbed organ dose depending on the area of CT examination. The brain and lens were subjected to the highest radiation exposure during head CT. The average absorbed dose in brain was 24.5 mGy per single examination (the maximum brain dose accumulated over the entire study period was 82.3 mGy), and 27.7 mGy for the lens of the eye (the maximum lens dose reached 92.9 mGy). Relevant comparison of the absorbed dose of diagnostic and occupational exposure, accumulated during one year, has been performed. The average estimate of cumulative radiation dose absorbed in the organs during computed tomography was an order of magnitude lower than the one from occupational external gamma exposure of Mayak personnel, except brain dose. Annual CT dose equivalent of external gamma radiation was 2.82.
Development of Cloud-Based Telemedicine Platform for Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Gangwon-do : Concept and Protocol
Authors: Jun Hyo Sub , Yang Kuhyun , Kim Jongyeon , Jeon Jin Pyeong , Ahn Jun Hyong , Lee Seung Jin , Choi Hyuk Jai , Choi Jong Wook , Cho Sung Min , Rhim Jong-Kook
Published: February 2023

We aimed to develop a cloud-based telemedicine platform for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at local hospitals in rural and underserved areas in Gangwon-do using artificial intelligence and non-face-to-face collaboration treatment technology. This is a prospective and multi-center development project in which neurosurgeons from four university hospitals in Gangwondo will participate. Information technology experts will verify and improve the performance of the cloud-based telemedicine collaboration platform while treating ICH patients in the actual medical field. Problems identified will be resolved, and the function, performance, security, and safety of the telemedicine platform will be checked through an accredited certification authority. The project will be carried out over 4 years and consists of two phases. The first phase will be from April 2022 to December 2023, and the second phase will be from April 2024 to December 2025. The platform will be developed by dividing the work of the neurosurgeons and information technology experts by setting the order of items through mutual feedback. This article provides information on a project to develop a cloud-based telemedicine platform for acute ICH patients in Gangwon-do.
Clinical Outcomes of Intrascleral Fixation of Intraocular Lens Compared to Ciliary Sulcus Implantation and Transscleral Fixation
Authors: Yoon Eun Gyu , Eom Youngsub , Woo Minji , Jeon Hyun Sun , Kim Seong-Jae , Song Jong Suk , Kim Hyo Myung
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of intrascleral fixation of the three-piece intraocular lenses (IOLs) 2.5 mm posterior to the limbus with ciliary sulcus implantation and transscleral fixation 2.5 mm posterior to the limbus.Methods: Sixty-five eyes of 65 patients who underwent ciliary sulcus implantation or transscleral or intrascleral fixation of the AMO Sensar AR40e IOL were retrospectively reviewed. The postoperative refractive prediction error, back-calculated effective lens position (ELP), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and postoperative residual cylinder were compared.Results: There were significant differences in the median (interquartile range) postoperative refractive prediction error (diopters [D]) among the three groups (p < 0.001): for ciliary sulcus implantation (33 eyes), −0.89 D (−1.21 to −0.56 D); for transscleral fixation (10 eyes), −0.40 D (−0.78 to −0.22 D); and for intrascleral fixation (22 eyes), 0.01 D (−0.28 to 0.34 D). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed in the median back-calculated ELP: for ciliary sulcus implantation, 4.35 mm (3.95 to 4.55 mm); for transscleral fixation, 4.51 mm (4.34 to 4.76 mm); and for intrascleral fixation, 4.90 mm (4.56 to 5.35 mm). There were no differences in the median postoperative CDVA (0, 0.10, and 0 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, respectively; p = 0.083) and the residual cylinder (−0.75, −1.50, and −0.63 D, respectively; p = 0.074) among three groups.Conclusions: Intrascleral fixation showed no myopic shift and the most posterior lens position, while ciliary sulcus implantation induced the greatest myopic shift and the most anterior lens position. However, there was no significant difference in the postoperative CDVA or astigmatism among the eyes with different IOL insertion methods, demonstrating good IOL stability and vision outcomes.
Correlation between Interocular Asymmetry of Corneal Hysteresis and Visual Field Defect in Glaucoma
Authors: Choi Eun Jung , Kim Kyung Nam , Song Mi Yeon , Hwang Young Hoon
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between interocular asymmetries of corneal hysteresis (CH) and visual field defects in Korean patients with glaucoma.Methods: A total of 444 eyes from 222 participants with glaucoma in at least one eye were enrolled. CH was measured using an ocular response analyzer (Reichert Technologies Inc). Eyes of each participant were classified into “better eye” and “worse eye” based on the mean deviation (MD) value of visual field test. The correlation between interocular differences in intraocular pressure, axial length, central corneal thickness, CH, and MD values was evaluated using Spearman correlation analysis. To exclude the possible effect of antiglaucoma medication on corneal properties, additional analyses were performed on eyes without any glaucoma treatment at the time of CH measurement (treatment-naive group).Results: Median (interquartile range) MD value was –3.71 dB (–6.87 to –1.30 dB) in the better eye and –10.20 dB (–16.32 to –5.62 dB) in the worse eye. When the correlation between the asymmetry of the MD value and asymmetry of intraocular pressure, axial length, central corneal thickness, and CH were evaluated, only interocular differences in CH were significantly associated with interocular differences in MD values (rho = 0.214, p = 0.001). Among the 222 participants, 60 (27.0%) were treatment-naive group. In these eyes, interocular differences in CH were also significantly associated with interocular differences in the MD values (rho = 0.285, p = 0.029).Conclusions: The interocular asymmetry of CH was significantly correlated with the interocular asymmetry of visual field defects in glaucoma.
Pharmacological Relief of Acute Urinary Retention in a Remote Environment
Authors: Law Jennifer , Cardy Vanessa
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: In spaceflight, acute urinary retention (AUR) could develop as a sequela of medication use, urinary tract infection, urolithiasis, or intentional urine holding. While AUR is generally treated with bladder decompression, urinary catheterization could be difficult operationally
in terms of training and proficiency, supplies, and lack of space or privacy. This report discusses a case in which tamsulosin and lorazepam were used successfully on an offshore ship while awaiting medical evacuation, a situation that could arise in remote locations where aerospace operations
are conducted.CASE REPORT: A 52-yr-old man with hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea but no formal diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia was unable to urinate for over 16 h while on a deep-sea fishing vessel approximately 200 nmi offshore. By phone, the physician providing
remote medical direction diagnosed AUR in the setting of possible infection and prescribed acetaminophen, ciprofloxacin, and a trial of tamsulosin as the ship did not have any medical personnel trained to perform urinary catheterization and there were no catheter supplies available. Lorazepam
was later added for anxiolysis and potential smooth muscle relaxation. Within 1 h of initial medication administration, the patient successfully voided a large quantity of urine, which tested positive for infection by urine dipstick. The patient was continued on antibiotics and evacuated to
a medical facility onshore for further management.DISCUSSION: Pharmacological treatment could be considered as a temporizing measure where operational constraints limit the ability to perform urinary catheterization to relieve acute urinary retention.Law J, Cardy V. Pharmacological
relief of acute urinary retention in a remote environment. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(2):90–93.
The Image of Woman in The Novel Wa Nasitu Anni Imro’ah By Ihsan Abdul Quddus and Novel Kartini By Abidah El Khaileqy (Comparative Literature Study)
Authors: Kurnia Ulfa , Tasnimah Tatik Maryatut
Published: February 2023

This study aims to describe the comparison of the image of women in the novel Wa Nasitu Anni Imro'ah by Ihsan Abdul Quddus and the Novel Kartini by Abidah El Khaileqy (Comparative Literature Study). This type of research was qualitative with descriptive method. Qualitative research is research that intends to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by research subjects such as actors, perceptions, motivations, and actions holistically and by way of description in the form of words and language, in a special natural context. The results of this study present some of the data obtained as research evidence, namely, the female image of the novel Wa Nasitu Anni Imro'ah by Ihsan Abdul Quddus and the Novel Kartini by Abidah El Khaileqy contained in this novel, namely: 1) personal image of women 2) image of women in the family, and 3) the image of women in society. The two novels show that women are capable and can become a highly educated person, have a career and get the same rights as men, without having to be limited by customary rules.
Review of fuel cell technologies and evaluation of their potential and challenges for electrified propulsion systems in commercial aviation
Authors: Kazula Stefan , de Graaf Stefanie , Enghardt Lars
Published: February 2023

This paper presents an overview of the most relevant fuel cell types and identifies the most promising options for application in propulsion systems for commercial electrified aviation. The general design, operating principles and main characteristics of polymer electrolyte membrane, alkaline, direct methanol, phosphoric acid, molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cells are described. Evaluation criteria are derived from aviation-specific requirements for the application of fuel cells in electrified aircraft. Based on these criteria, the presented fuel cell types are evaluated by means of a weighted point rating. The results of this evaluation reveal the high potential for application of solid oxide, low-temperature and high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Design challenges of all fuel cell types are being emphasised, for instance, concerning cold start, cooling and supply of pressurised air.
De-Centering Employability: Reimagining Student Success in Political Education
Authors: Dijmarescu Horia
Published: February 2023

The high cost of studying at American universities simultaneously limits their ability to promote socio-economic mobility and creates institutional incentives to foreground employability skills (i.e., data analysis, inter-personal communication, critical thinking, etc.) as a primary marker of degree utility. The centrality of employability skills to how political science departments market their course offerings constitutes an attempt to retain students legitimately concerned about post-college financial stability. This paper examines the relationship between neoliberal discourses and collective understandings of the purpose of political education. It argues that overwhelming attention given to employability skills inhibits students from reimagining global futures in which other kinds of skills might ascend in importance or in which they might put their education towards different ends. Moreover, it is particularly integral to the study of political science to include within its purview analyses of the socio-political factors that animate its own pedagogy.
Enhancing SSP creation using sspgen
Authors: Hatledal Lars Ivar , Fagerhaug Eirik
Published: February 2023

The System Structure and Parameterization (SSP) standard is a tool independent standard to define complete systems consisting of one or more components, including its parameterization, that can be transferred between simulation tools. Thus the SSP standard is a natural extension to the Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI) standard, allowing systems of components, rather than just individual components, to be simulated in a growing number of supported tools. This paper introduces sspgen, a textual Domain Specific Language (DSL) for generating SSP archives. The aim of the DSL is to greatly simplify the creation of SSP compatible simulation systems. sspgen is written in the Kotlin programming language, which provide syntax highlighting and static code analysis in selected tools, full access to Java compatible libraries, and more importantly a scripting context so that sspgen definitions can be easily shared and executed on demand. As the DSL is based on a generic programming language, it enables complex expressions to be evaluated for the purpose of e.g., pre-simulation and initialization of variables. The DSL also performs validation and through integration with the Open Simulation Standard - Interface Specification (OSP-IS) even allows more complex connections to be formed than the single scalar connections that the SSP standard defines, while still retaining compliance. Furthermore, the DSL handles automatic packaging of its referenced content into a ready-to-use SSP archive. As a whole, the introduced package makes it easier to create, modify and share SSP systems.