bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iranian women’s experiences of infertility: A qualitative study
Authors: Aghakhani Nader , Marianne Ewalds-Kvist Béatrice , Sheikhan Fatemeh , Merghati Khoei Effat
Published: February 2020

Background: There are concerns and diverse experiences related to infertility and childlessness. The lived experience of infertile people from various cultures needs to be explored.
Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore Iranian women experiences of their infertility.
Materials and Methods: The data comprised interviews about fertility issues in the Persian language with eighteen women, aged 17-45 yr old, who agreed to be interviewed at the Mottahari Infertility Treatment Clinic, affiliated to the Urmia University of Medical Sciences about their fertility problems. They were approached by the researchers at the time of their first visit. The verbatim transcribed interviews were analyzed using deductive conventional content analysis.
Results: The experiences of the informants were conceptualized into four major themes: 1) Shock (subthemes: Disbelief and Denial); 2) Reaction (subthemes: Distress, Guilt, Loss of self-esteem and Sexual reluctance); 3) Processing (subthemes: Internal processing, Avoidance, Marriage at risk, External processing, Stigma caused by the family and Stigma caused by the community) and 4) Reorientation (subthemes: Forgetting, Marriage to saving marriage and Sexual consent).
Conclusion: Infertility can be a challenging condition. Considering that infertilityrelated issues affect Iranian women more contextual factors is necessary. So, culturally sensitive and gender specific protocols are suggested to provide suitable and about culturally sensitive and genderspecific protocols is a necessity in order to provide suitable care to infertile women.
Key words: Iran, Women, Infertility, Qualitative.
Assessment of Lifestyle and Its Components in Elderly People Living in Tehran
Authors: Sheikhhossein Fatemeh , Haghighian Roudsari Arezoo , Milani Bonab Ali , Zahedi-Rad Maliheh , Saffar Mahammad-Abadi Fatemeh , Haghgo Mazyar , Seyedmomeni Seyed Katayoon
Published: February 2020

Background: Healthy lifestyle is effective on preventing common elderly diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the elderlies' lifestyle and its components in Tehran in 2017. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with a descriptive-analytical design. The research population consisted of 200 elderly people from elderly care centers in Tehran City, Iran. A questionnaire, designed and validated by Babak et al., was used for lifestyle assessment. It dealt with dimensions of prevention, physical activity, exercise and entertainment, nutrition, stress management, as well as social and interpersonal relationships. Results: Results showed that the total score of lifestyle was 167.83 and 164.18 in men and women, respectively. Findings indicated that both genders were in good level of lifestyle and was no significant difference was observed between males and females (P < 0.05). A significant difference was observed between men and women in terms of stress and prevention components. The highest mean score of lifestyle was observed in prevention component of the participants who had associate degree (64.99 ± 5.89) and were single (60.75 ± 5.50). The lowest mean score of lifestyle was found in the field of exercise and entertainment in people who had elementary education degree (12.94 ± 4.12) and were divorced (13.00 ± 3.00). A significant relationship was found between age and nutritional area (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Considering the low scores of exercise and entertainment in the elderly people, an educational program should be designed to improve lifestyle among the elderly.
Corneal Parameters in Healthy Subjects Assessed by Corvis ST
Authors: Salouti Ramin , Bagheri Mansoureh , Shamsi Anis , Zamani Mohammad , Ghoreyshi Maryam , Nowroozzadeh M. Hossein
Published: February 2020

Purpose: To evaluate corneal biomechanics using Corvis ST in healthy eyes from Iranian keratorefractive surgery candidates.
Methods: In this prospective consecutive observational case series, the intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and biomechanical properties of 1,304 eyes from 652 patients were evaluated using Corvis ST. Keratometric readings and manifest refraction were also recorded.
Results: The mean (±SD) age of participants was 28 ± 5 years, and 31.7% were male. The mean spherical equivalent refraction was –3.50 ± 1.57 diopters (D), the mean IOP was 16.8 ± 2.9 mmHg, and the mean CCT was 531 ± 31 μm for the right eye. The respective means (±SD) corneal biomechanical parameters of the right eye were as follows: first applanation time: 7.36 ± 0.39 milliseconds (ms); first applanation length: 1.82 ± 0.22 mm; velocity in: 0.12 ± 0.04 m/s; second applanation time: 20.13 ± 0.48 ms; second applanation length: 1.34 ± 0.55 mm; velocity out: –0.67 ± 0.17 m/s; total time: 16.84 ± 0.64 ms; deformation amplitude: 1.05 ± 0.10 mm; peak distance: 4.60 ± 1.01 mm; and concave radius of curvature: 7.35 ± 1.39 mm. In the linear regression analysis, IOP exhibited a statistically significant association with the first and second applanation times, total time, velocity in, peak distance, deformation amplitude, and concave radius of curvature.
Conclusion: Our study results can be used as a reference for the interpretation of Corvis ST parameters in healthy refractive surgery candidates in the Iranian population. Our results confirmed that IOP is a major determinant of Corvis parameters.
Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Patients with and without Pterygia
Authors: Yaghoobi Ghalam-Hosein , Shokoohi-Rad Saeed , Jafarzadeh Hamid , Abodollahi Elham
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Pterygium is a common fibro-vascular-related eye disease. The fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) helps reduce neovascularization. Previous studies have shown that the serum level of FGF21 correlates with vascular eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity. In this study, the serum FGF21 is compared in patients with and without pterygium.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study examines individuals with pterygium who visited the Ophthalmology Clinic of Khatam-al-Anbia Hospital in Mashhad, Iran, during 2017–2018. Control subjects were selected from healthy people without pterygium disease. Patients with a history of acute illness, chronic liver and kidney disease, diabetes, cancer, malnutrition and drug use, women who were pregnant or breastfeeding, and subjects who were taking anticonvulsants or glucocorticoids were excluded as these may affect insulin and glycosuria levels. Sixty people (30 in each group) were chosen using the convenient sampling method. Intravenous blood samples were taken from all patients. After preparing the patients, the freeze was checked using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method after samples had been taken. Data were analyzed by SPSS using an independent t-test, Mann–Whitney, Chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis, and Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests (α = 0.05).
 
Results: The serum FGF21 levels were 319.09 ± 246.93 pg/ml and 608.88 ± 449.81 pg/ml (P = 0.005) in the pterygium group and control subjects, respectively. The average serum FGF21 was 281.55 ± 40.74 pg/ml in males and 361.375 ± 10.298 pg/ml in females in the pterygium group. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.19).

 
Conclusion: Our study showed that FGF21 levels were lower in patients with pterygium than the control subjects to a statistically significant level.
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada with Unilateral Clinical Presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Maryam Hosseini Seyedeh , Dourandish Maryam , Mazouchi Marjan
Published: February 2020

Purpose: To report a case of acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease with unilateral clinical manifestations followed by late fellow eye involvement.
Case Report: This case report reviews the 12-month follow-up observation of a 44-year old woman who presented to the emergency department with unilateral progressive and painless visual blurring. Ophthalmoscopic findings, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein angiography (FAG), enhanced-depth optical coherence tomography (EDIOCT), indocyanine green angiography, and response to treatment were evaluated. Her BCVA was 20/50 (logMAR: 0.4) in the right eye and 20/20 (logMAR: 0) in the left eye. Eye examination revealed optic disc swelling and multiple serous retinal detachments in the right eye and a normal left eye. She had headache, dysacusia, and mild hearing problems. Her past ocular and drug histories were unremarkable. Retinal imaging revealed characteristic features of VKH in the right eye. All laboratory testing results were inconclusive. VA and OCT findings significantly improved following the treatment with methylprednisolone 1 g/day continued by tapering dose of oral prednisolone. Two months after the presentation and during prednisolone tapering, VA of the left eye decreased and fundus examination revealed multiple serous retinal detachments in this eye.
Conclusion: Ophthalmologists should recognize unilateral and asymmetrical VKH disease with subtle systemic involvement.
Multiple Pit Defects in a Foldable Hydrophobic Intraocular Lens
Authors: Srirampur Arjun , Balijepalli Pasyanthi
Published: February 2020

This is a Letter to Editor and does not have an abstract.
Author’s Reply to Prevalence of Visual Impairment in School Children
Authors: Reza Talebnejad Mohammad , Hossein Nowroozzadeh Mohammad , Mahdaviazad Hamideh
Published: February 2020

This is a Reply Letter and does not have an abstract.
Lactancia materna no exitosa, percepción de los profesionales de la salud: estudio de casos, IX Región, Chile
Authors: Prieto-Gómez Ruth , Saavedra-Sepúlveda Araceli , Alvear-Aguirre Grettel , Lazo-Millar Lorena , Soto-Acuña Ana
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: conocer la percepción de los profesionales de salud que trabajan con la madre y el niño en el proceso de la lactancia materna, en casos en que esta no fue exitosa. Materiales y métodos: estudio cualitativo, de alcance exploratorio-descriptivo, enfocado desde la teoría fundamentada. Se solicitó a profesionales de la salud relacionados con la atención de lactancia materna en la IX región de Chile analizar las experiencias de situaciones de lactancia materna no exitosa. Esta información fue sistematizada y agrupada por preguntas, para realizar operaciones de codificación y categorización propias del análisis de  contenido manifiesto; asimismo, fue analizada de manera grupal y con resguardo de la identidad. Resultados: se identificaron tres categorías: factores adversos que impidieron la lactancia materna exitosa, tales como: gestación no deseada, edad y ocupación de la madre, cambios en la rutina de amamantamiento, redes de apoyo inefectivas, condiciones físicas y problemas en la técnica de lactancia y, por otro lado, factores protectores ausentes, como: atención de salud integral, existencia de refuerzo positivo y flexibilidad laboral. La tercera categoría fue el impacto emocional en la madre al no poder amamantar, posible de superar mediante la contención familiar y/o apoyo psicológico, generando aceptación de la lactancia materna no exitosa. Conclusiones: los profesionales de la salud identificaron factores que impidieron la lactancia materna, algunos de los cuales son susceptibles de intervenciones. Se destaca la importancia de brindar asesoría, información y empatía a la madre en el periodo de lactancia, así como acompañarla para incrementar la confianza de ella en su habilidad para amamantar a su hijo o hijas.
Carcinoma epidermoide de neovagina en paciente con síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Fernández-Ruiz Marta , Pantoja-Garrido Manuel , Frías-Sánchez Zoraida , Rodríguez-Jiménez Inmaculada , Aguilar- Martín María del Valle
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: presentar el caso de una paciente con síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser, con diagnóstico de carcinoma escamoso en neovagina, y realizar una revisión de la literatura del tratamiento y pronóstico de las neoplasias o la infección por VPH de tejidos neovaginales en mujeres transgénero o con síndrome MRKH. Materiales y métodos: mujer de 56 años de edad que consulta en un hospital universitario regional de la ciudad de Sevilla (España). Tras la exploración clínica se aprecia una tumoración exofítica en fondo de vagina, con resultado de biopsia de carcinoma escamoso y cultivo positivo para virus del papiloma humano (VPH) tipo 16. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos Medline vía PubMed, con los términos: “congenital abnormalities”; “mullerian aplasia”; “neovagina”; “vaginal neoplasms”; “squamous carcinoma”; “HPV infection”, de reportes y series de caso, y estudios observacionales publicados desde el año 2000 hasta octubre de 2019 en inglés y español. Resultados: se incluyeron 14 estudios; de estos, siete correspondieron a carcinoma escamocelular, tres a adenocarcinoma y cuatro informan infección solo por VPH. Todos los carcinomas escamocelulares presentaban estadios avanzados por compromiso local o linfático y recibieron radioterapia con quimioterapia concomitante o cirugía radical. El pronóstico fue malo en tres de los casos. Las pacientes con adenocarcinoma también presentaron lesiones avanzadas con compromiso local, el tratamiento fue quirúrgico, con quimioterapia concomitante en dos de los casos. Solo una paciente tuvo seguimiento mayor a cinco años. La infección por VPH es frecuente en mujeres sometidas a construcción de neovagina. Conclusiones: las pacientes con neovagina son susceptibles de desarrollar carcinomas escamosos si se utilizaron injertos cutáneos, o adenocarcinomas en aquellas en las que se reconstruyó la vagina a partir de injertos tisulares intestinales. Dado que al momento del diagnóstico presentan compromiso local, a menudo requieren tratamientos radicales o combinados. Se debe investigar cuáles son las mejores estrategias de tamizaje de VPH, cáncer escamoso y adenocarcinoma en este tipo de pacientes.
Prevalencia etiológica de infección del tracto urinario en gestantes sintomáticas, en un hospital de alta complejidad de Medellín, Colombia, 2013-2015
Authors: Sanín-Ramírez Daniel , Calle-Meneses Cristian , Jaramillo-Mesa Carolina , Nieto-Restrepo Julián Alfredo , Marín-Pineda Diana Marcela , Campo-Campo María Nazareth
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de infección del tracto urinario (ITU), el perfil microbiológico y la resistencia a los antibióticos en mujeres gestantes con sospecha de infección del tracto urinario. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal. Ingresaron gestantes con sospecha de infección del tracto urinario adquirida en la comunidad, remitidas a consulta externa desde su control prenatal o atención por urgencias, y hospitalizadas entre agosto de 2013 y septiembre de 2015 en un hospital universitario de referencia ubicado en Medellín, Colombia. Se excluyeron gestantes que hubieran recibido antibióticos el día anterior a la admisión. Muestreo aleatorio simple. Variables medidas: sociodemográficas, clínicas y bacteriológicos. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Resultados: la prevalencia de infección del tracto urinario fue del 29 %. Predominaron los aislamientos de bacterias Gram negativas, principalmente E. coli y K. pneumoniae en un 57,7 y 11,4 % respectivamente. Se observó resistencia a trimetoprim-sulfametoxazol en el 19,5 % y ampicilina-sulbactam en el 17,5 % de los aislamientos. Conclusiones: se requieren estudios de base poblacional para una mejor aproximación a la resistencia de las bacterias causantes de la ITU en la comunidad. Por otra parte, la alta resistencia observada podría sugerir que algunos antibióticos expuestos no sean incluidos en las guías locales de manejo de la ITU.
,Ent-Spatialisierung‘? oder: Das Scheitern der insularen Existenz in Theodor Storms Novelle „Waldwinkel“, mit Seitenblicken auf Raabe und Stifter
Authors: Voß Torsten
Published: February 2020

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Gelingen und Scheitern der insularischen Utopie (die aber nicht an die reale Insel gebunden ist wie so viele Entwürfe des Jahrhunderts, auf die allerdings knapp Bezug genommen wird) unter narratologischen Betrachtungen und Ansätzen aus dem Spatial Turn und bringt sie in Verbindung mit Auflösungstendenzen der romantischen ‚Waldeinsamkeit‘. Zur Diskussion stehen dabei RAABES Das Odfeld (1889), ADALBERT STIFTERS Die Narrenburg (1844) und als garstiges und daher innovatorisches Gegenmodell vor allem THEODOR STORMS stark unterschätzte und wenig interpretierte Novelle Waldwinkel von 1874, die offen vorführt, wie Zeit und Geschichte selbst in die räumliche Utopie einbrechen und sie damit auf eine realistische Ebene transferieren.
„Nesthäkchens Backfischzeit“ von Else Ury und die deutsche Revolution von 1918/1919
Authors: Schneider Angelika
Published: February 2020

Untersucht wird, wie der um 1920 erschienene fünfte Band der Nesthäkchen-Serie von ELSE URY typische Elemente des Backfischromans mit der Thematisierung der deutschen Revolution von 1918/1919 zu einer teils heterogenen, teils stimmigen Erzählung verbindet. Dazu wird das Konzept der Serie erläutert und als Teil der Modernisierung und Politisierung des Mädchenbuchs im späten Kaiserreich beschrieben. Die textnahe Lektüre konzentriert sich auf die bürgerliche Sicht der Revolution, den Klassenkonflikt und die Debatte um Schülerräte als den wichtigsten Aspekten dieses ‚Revolutionsromans für junge Mädchen‘.
Negative Impact of the Job: Secondary Trauma Among Juvenile Detention and Juvenile Probation Officers
Authors: Rhineberger-Dunn Gayle , Mack Kristin Y.
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this article is to extend the existing literature on the workplace experiences of staff who work with juvenile offenders. We do this by assessing the extent of secondary trauma among a sample of juvenile detention officers and juvenile probation officers, and examine whether or not predictors of secondary trauma differ by position. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results based on a survey of 298 staff reveal that secondary trauma is relatively low among both juvenile detention officers and juvenile court/probation officers. Additionally, results indicate predictors of secondary trauma differ for each of these job positions. Experiencing threat or harm from offenders increased secondary trauma for detention officers but not for probation/court officers. However, having a higher level of education and input into decision-making decreased secondary trauma for probation/court officers, but not for detention officers. Greater support from coworkers led to decreased secondary trauma for both detention and probation/court officers. Implications for detention and probation agencies include efforts to improve supervisor and coworker support, as well as debriefing sessions after threat of harm incidents have occurred.
Violent Victimization: The Role of Social Support and Risky Lifestyle
Authors: Azimi Andia M. , Daigle Leah E.
Published: February 2020

Although engagement in risky lifestyle and routine activities play a major role in increasing the risk of violent victimization, less is known about the factors that precede engagement in risky lifestyles. The quality of interpersonal relationships is shown to be an important factor that influences one's life. Therefore, the lack of social support may be a potential factor that shapes why individuals get involved in risky lifestyles and routine activities. There is evidence that a lack of social support is linked to victimization and a lack of social support is also linked to engagement in risky lifestyle. What is not understood, however, is how these variables are linked with one another. To address this gap, risky lifestyle factors are explored for their potential mediating role in the link between social support and violent victimization. A path analysis is conducted with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The final sample size is 14,322 and the average age of respondents is 16 years old. Results suggest that social support from different sources do not have the same effects on violent victimization, and only certain lifestyle factors mediate the link to violent victimization. The findings imply that a lack of social support not only has direct effects on violent victimization, but also leads individuals to engage in risky lifestyles that also increase the risk of victimization. Policy implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Information to Help Stalking Victims on College and University Websites: It's Not Easy to Find
Authors: Simmons Catherine A. , Clay Joy A. , Swanson Kayah
Published: February 2020

Content analysis was used to explore the availability, type, and location of stalking prevention and intervention information posted on publicly available Institutions of Higher Education (IHE) websites. A stratified sample representing 20% of the IHEs in the United States (N = 619) across 12 stratified groups identified significant gaps in the information provided. A fourth of the sites posted no information about stalking of any kind. Of those that do include such information, much is difficult to find and focused on reporting to IHE authorities. Definitions, training, and other victim-focused resources are rarely included. Comparisons based on IHE student population (i.e., size) and residential characteristics (i.e., setting) identified notable variations across IHE classification groups. From these identified differences, recommendations to improve information delivery and accessibility are discussed.
ARE THE MEGAKARYOCYTES OF THE SPLEEN OF WHITE LABORATORY RATS IDENTICAL TO MEGACARIOCYTES OF THE BONE MARROW?
Authors: Lyubaeva E. V. , Vankov V. A. , Moiseeva T. V. , Markov I. I.
Published: February 2020

Many aspects of spleen histophysiology in humans and mammals still remain unsolved until today. This includes the spleen in white rats. The presence of megakaryocytes in its parenchyma has been only briefly indicated in some papers. As for appropriate information, let alone illustration, it is not available even in manuals on histology or the current histological atlases. The aim of the study is to obtain comparative morphological data on the spleen and marrow megakaryocytes in white rats. The object of this study is the spleen and marrow of the mandibular bone of outbred white rats (n=17) weighing 180,0-200,0 g. Staining the spleen preparations and mandibular trabecular bone tissue paraffin sections with hematoxylin and eosin, Azur-II-eosin and according to Van Gieson. In the spleen of white rats, megakaryocytes they appear identical to the marrow megakaryocytes.
EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF TRANSGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ESTROGENS ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS IN POSTNATAL ONTOGENESIS
Authors: Sulaymanova R. T.
Published: February 2020

In the modern clinical practice there is an increase in the use of hormones, their analogues and substances with hormone-like action in medical practice for the regulation of the menstrual cycle, conception, prevention, maintenance and resolution of pregnancy. According to official reports, in recent years, the number of annual cycles of assisted reproductive technology with hormonal support has increased six times in the country. The purpose of the review is to summarize current data on the effects of experimental and clinical effects of various doses of estrogens and drugs with estrogenic effects during the period of prenatal development on the morphology of the reproductive organs of the offspring in postnatal ontogenesis. The materials for the meta-analysis of the data were the results of relevant studies of domestic and foreign authors and their own published data. The article summarizes current data demonstrating the effects of experimental effects of various doses of estrogen and drugs with an estrogenic effect during the period of prenatal development on the morphology of the reproductive organs of the offspring in postnatal ontogenesis. The data on therapeutic, subtoxic and toxic doses of the effects of estrogen preparations in various experimental models are summarized, causing latent and morphologically manifested changes in the reproductive organs of the offspring.
THE USING OF NEW PRESERVING SOLUTION FOR THE STORAGE AND THE DEMONSTRATION OF ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS
Authors: Nikolenko V. N. , Urakov A. L. , Rastegaeva L. I. , Kozyreva E. A. , Gridin L. A. , Chairkin I. N. , Shevchuk I. V.
Published: February 2020

For storage and open demonstration of moist anatomical educational preparations and museum exhibits proposed to use a new preservative, which is an aqueous solution of 0.014-0.019% 3-iodine-2-propinilbutilcarbonate. The solution has high antiseptic activity and does not have a local irritant effect on the skin, mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and oral cavity, as well as on the conjunctiva of the eyes. The proposed preservative is non-toxic and environmentally safety. Long-term storage and use of anatomical preparations in the proposed preservative does not cause any damaging changes, violations of their shape, structure and color. The method is patented by the Russian Patent Agency.
SEX-RELATED FEATURES OF THE ASYMMETRY OF CRANIOMETRICS PARAMETERS IN VARIOUS FORMS OF THE FACIAL SKULL
Authors: Alieva S. A. , Shadlinsky V. B. , Movsumov N. T.
Published: February 2020

The aim was to study the severity of asymmetry on different forms of the facial skull with regard to gender. It was studied 70 specially selected turtles of people of different ages from the craniological collection of the fundamental museum of the human anatomy department of the Azerbaijan Medical University. The characteristic of the group of skulls that was study was carried out on the basis of the upper index of the face. To study the asymmetry of the facial skull, the fan-shaped method of morphometry was used. The digital data of our study were subjected to statistical processing. An analysis of the data obtained indicates the absence of statistically significant sexual differences in the sizes of the contralateral sides of all the studied parameters of the upper fan for skulls with different face shapes. In the women's series on the lateral fan the asymmetry is almost negligible. In the men's series, almost all indicators on the lateral fan show stable left-sided asymmetry. The exception is the distance from the zygo-maxillary point to the lowest point of the pear-shaped hole. In the lower fan on the turtles with a narrow and broad face in the female series of skulls, left-sided asymmetry is observed in almost all signs. On turtles with a face of medium width, both significant left-sided and right-sided asymmetry are noted. In the male series, in general, the asymmetry is much less pronounced than in the female series of skulls. The exception is the subspinal-dacryon distance on wide-faced skulls in the male skull series was found right-sided asymmetry, which is not typical for the female series.
Changes Induced by Pressure Processing on Immunoreactive Proteins of Tree Nuts
Authors: Cuadrado Carmen , Sanchiz Africa , Vicente Fatima , Ballesteros Isabel , Linacero Rosario
Published: February 2020

Tree nuts confer many health benefits because of their high content of vitamins and antioxidants and they are increasingly consumed in the last the years. Food processing is an important industrial tool to modify allergenic properties of foods, in addition to ensure safety and to enhance organoleptic characteristics. The effect of high pressure, without and with heating, on SDS-PAGE and immunodetection profile of potential allergenic proteins (anti-11S, anti-2S and anti-LTP) of pistachio, cashew, peanut, hazelnut, almond and chestnut was investigated. Processing based on heat and /or pressure and Ultra high pressure (HHP, 300-600 MPa) without heating was applied. After treating the six tree nuts with pressure combined with heat a progressive diminution of proteins with potential allergenic properties was observed. Moreover, some tree nuts proteins (pistachio, cashew and peanut) seemed to be more resistant to technological processing than others (hazelnut and chestnut). Differences among tree nut varieties were found regarding to protein content, SDS and immunoblotting profile. High pressure combined with heating processing markedly reduce tree nut allergenic potential as the pressure and treatment time increases. HHP do not alter hazelnut and almond immunoreactivity
Self-assembly Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Determination of Testosterone
Authors: Liu Kai-Hsi , O’Hare Danny , James L. Thomas James L. Thomas , Guo Han-Zhang , Yang Chien-Hsin , Lee Mei-Hwa
Published: February 2020

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can often bind target molecules with high selectivity and specificity. When used as MIPs, conductive polymers may have unique binding capabilities; they often contain aromatic rings, which have a great tendency to undergo covalent and hydrogen bonding interactions with similarly structured target (or template) molecules. In this work, an electrochemical method was used to optimize the synthetic self-assembly of poly(aniline-co-metanilic acid) and testosterone, forming testosterone-imprinted polymers (TIPs) on sensing electrodes. The linear sensing range for testosterone ranged from 0.1 to 100 pg/mL, and the limit of detection was as low as ~pM. Random urine samples were collected and diluted 1000 fold to measure testosterone concentration using the above TIP sensors in comparison with a commercial ARCHITECT ci 8200 system. The testosterone concentrations in the tested samples were in the range of 0.33± 0.09 to 9.13±1.33 ng/mL. The mean accuracy of the TIP-coated sensors was 90.3 ±7.0 %.
Differing Perception of DNA Evidence and Intelligence Capabilities in Criminal Investigations
Authors: Scudder Nathan , Kelty Sally F. , Busby Grant Janie , Montgomerie Casey , Walsh Simon J. , Robertson James , McNevin Dennis
Published: February 2020

The ability to predict physical characteristics from DNA presents significant opportunities for forensic science. Giving scientists an ability to make predictions about the donor of genetic material at a crime scene can then give investigators new intelligence leads for cold cases where DNA evidence has not identified any person of interest. However, the interpretation of this new form of intelligence requires careful analysis. The responses to an online survey, conducted in 2018-19, were used to examine how actors in the criminal justice system assess and interpret different types of DNA evidence and intelligence. The groups of focus for the survey were investigators, legal practitioners and the general public (as potential jurors). Several statistically significant effects were identified based on occupation and whether an individual had prior exposure to new DNA technology. Monitoring how those involved in interpreting reports from different types of DNA evidence and intelligence interpret them helps to ensure that decisions are made based on a sound understanding of their capabilities and limitations and may inform broader training and awareness strategies.
PbMoO4 Synthesis from Ancient Lead and Its Single Crystal Growth for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Search
Authors: Khan Archad , Aryal Pabitra , Kim Hongjoo , Lee Moo Hyun , Kim Yeongduk
Published: February 2020

A powder synthesis of PbMoO4 from ancient lead (Pb) and deeply purified commercial MoO3 powders was performed using a wet chemistry technique to achieve the low radioactivity scintillator for neutrinoless double beta decay search in 100Mo. The synthesized powders were used to grow single crystals of PbMoO4 by a Czochralski technique in Ar environment. The luminescence and scintillation properties were measured with excitations using UV, X- and γ-rays in temperature range of 10-300 K. Annealing of the grown PMO crystal in air atmosphere enhanced the scintillation light yield by ~3 orders of magnitude compared to that measured before annealing. The scintillation light yield of grown PMO crystal at 10 K is found to be 127% to that of a reference PMO crystal under 662 keV γ-rays excitation from a 137Cs source. The background measurement of the grown crystal performed at 50 K shows negligible activity from 210Pb compared to that of reference PMO crystal. These preliminary performances show that the PMO crystal grown from ancient Pb and deeply purified MoO3 powders has the great potential to be used as cryogenic scintillator for the neutrinoless double beta decay search in 100Mo.
Experimental and Numerical Study of Vacuum Resin Infusion for Thin Walled Composite Parts
Authors: Shevtsov Sergey , Zhilyaev Igor , Chang Shun-Hsyung , Huang Jyun-Ping , Snezhina Natalia
Published: February 2020

This paper considers a new approach to the modeling of the vacuum infusion process at the manufacturing three-dimensional composite parts of complex shape. The developed approach and numerical methods are focused on the reliable prediction with the needed accuracy and elimination the unrecoverable defect of composite structure such as the dry spots. The paper presents some experimental results, which demonstrate two cases of dry spots formation in large aircraft composite panels, and analyses the reasons of these defects arising. Our numerical technique is based on the vacuum infusion of the liquid resin into porous preform as the two phase flow, which is described by the phase field equation coupled with the Richards equation describing the fluid motion in unsaturated soils with spatially varied pressure dependant porosity and saturation. This problem statement allowed to correctly reconstruct the resin front motion and formation of inner and outer dry spots depending on its movement. For the rapid detection of preform zones that are suspicious for defect formation two indicators calculated during process simulation are proposed and tested at the numerical experiments. The auxiliary program tool has been developed in MATLAB environment to correctly detect the times of formation, localization and dimensions of the arising dry spots by using the results of the finite element model simulation.
Addiction Analysis of Online Games and Implications With Islamic Guidance and Counseling: Career Counseling
Authors: Tanjung Romi Fajar
Published: February 2020

The industrial revolution 4.0 developments very sophisticated technology. The technology makes it easy to affairs of human life so that all activities be fast and instant. The use of appropriate technology will provide a positive impact on human beings, on the contrary the use of technology that is poorly controlled and redundant will have negative impacts for humans, especially for adolescents. One form of the use of technology that can be bad for adolescents, if carried to excess use such as playing online games. Play online games excessively and without control could damage the lives of adolescents, including the attitudes and behavior more specific daily impact on the journey and career planning adolescents. Therefore, to prevent and cope with things that are not desirable need intervention for problem handling the online game addiction among adolescents. One recommendation in the handling of the problem of online game addiction among adolescents is Islamic guidance and counseling: career counseling. This research method using mixed methods. The research sample is early adolescents, amounting to as many as 113 people. Data analysis using descriptive and quantitative analysis. Islamic guidance and counseling: career counseling can be utilized for the handling of online game addiction among adolescents, so as not to adversely affect the journey and career planning adolescents.
Family Therapy; An Approach To Strengthen Islamic Career Counseling
Authors: Khairi Alfin Miftahul
Published: February 2020

Research on families, especially parents, both the role and parenting style in the household, are not counted. However, problems that arise and originate from the family sphere come alternately. Even children are always victims of family conflicts. Especially in their career. The concept of family therapy from its inception has become a polemic. The First assumption describes that the term is only a theory and the second assumption states that family therapy is professional activity. This article is a literature review. It is trying to find the best concept of Islamic career counselling through family therapy.
Tracing the Arguello Submarine Canyon System from Shelf Origins to an Abyssal Sink
Authors: Marsaglia K.M. , Rodriguez B. , Weeraratne D.S. , Greene H.G. , Shintaku N. , Kohler M.D.
Published: February 2020

The Arguello submarine canyon/channel system extends over 300 km from the continental shelf off Point Arguello and Point Conception in southern California westward onto the oceanic crust of the Pacific plate. In the northernmost reaches where the canyon system originates, all stages in the evolution of seafloor morphologic fluid flow features—from pockmarks to gullies to converging rills—are observed, similar to what has been described for the Ascension slope, north of Monterey Bay. These features appear to be active today and are linked to fluid leakage from the underlying hydrocarbon basin. The channel dissects a continental slope that exhibits features consistent with large-scale mass wasting. Upslope scarps may be the source of the morphological feature at the base of the slope previously referred to as the “Arguello submarine fan,” with topographic expressions (e.g., large channel meanders, ridges) that are more consistent with mass transport deposits than with deep-sea fan depositional lobes. The modern canyon crosscuts these deposits and parallels an older, meandering channel/canyon to the west. Modern seismicity along the shelf and slope may have, and potentially still can, trigger landslides on the slope. Seismicity associated with seamount volcanism, past subduction, and Borderland transrotational and extensional processes most likely played a role in stimulating mass wasting. The presence of abundant nearby petroleum suggests that gas venting and hydrate dissociation cannot be ruled out as a triggering mechanism for the slope destabilization occurring today. The canyon/channel continues due south on a path possibly determined by the structural grain of north–south-aligned abyssal hills underlying oceanic basement. At latitude 33°18′N, the channel makes a 90° turn (bend) to the west at the E–W-striking Arguello transform fault wall and develops into a meandering channel system that crosses over abyssal hill crustal fabric. The system ultimately straightens as it continues west before veering north, curving around a thickened crustal bulge at a corner offset in the Arguello fracture zone in complex basement structure, and then finally empties into an 800-m-deep basin depocenter.
Rheological Properties of Methane Hydrate Slurry in the Presence of Xanthan Gum
Authors: Fu Weiqi , Wang Zhiyuan , Sun Baojiang , Xu Jianchun , Chen Litao , Wang Xuerui
Published: February 2020

Methane hydrate formation in a xanthan-gum (XG) solution is an important problem for drilling in a deepwater environment. It not only alters the rheology of the drilling fluid in the wellbore but increases the risks of a hydrate blockage in the blowout preventer. The current work is performing groups of experiments to investigate the rheology of the hydrate slurry under XG concentrations of 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3%, shear rates from 10 to 480 s−1, and hydrate concentrations from 1.01 to 9.12%. The experimental results show that the hydrate slurry with XG additives exhibits an obvious shear-thinning behavior, which is because the XG solution has strong pseudoplastic characteristics, and the inner structures of the flocculated hydrate particles suspended in the hydrate slurry are broken up during the hydrate-slurry flow. The increase of hydrate concentrations in the hydrate slurry can reduce the non-Newtonian fluid index and make the rheology of the hydrate slurry become more shear-thinning. However, as the XG concentration increases in the hydrate slurry, the influence of the hydrate concentration on the rheology of the hydrate slurry gradually weakens. Empirical Herschel–Bulkley-type equations are developed to describe the rheology of the hydrate slurry with XG for the current experimental condition, considering the shear rate, hydrate concentration, and XG concentration. In the proposed equations, the non-Newtonian factor and the consistency factor are expressed as functions of XG concentration empirically.

Correction Notice:The preprint version of this paper was modified from its original version to correct Figs. 8 and 9 and Eqs. 6 through 9 on page 7. Errata explaining the corrections are included below as Supporting Information.
Patient motives for contacting out-of-hours care in Denmark: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huibers Linda , Carlsen Anders H , Moth Grete , Christensen Helle C , Riddervold Ingunn S , Christensen Morten B
Published: February 2020

Background
Patients in need of acute health care do not always contact the most suitable health care service provider. Contacting out-of-hours primary care for an urgent problem may delay care, whereas contacting emergency medical services for a non-urgent problem could ultimately affect patient safety. More insight into patient motives for contacting a specific health care provider may help optimise patient flows. This study aims to explore patient motives for contacting out-of-hours primary care and the emergency medical services in Denmark.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional observational study by sending a questionnaire to patients contacting out-of-hours primary care and emergency medical services, both of which can be directly contacted by patients, in two of five Danish regions in 2015. As we aimed to focus on the first access point, the emergency department was not included. The questionnaire included items on patient characteristics, health problem and 26 pre-defined motives. Descriptive analyses of patient characteristics and motives were conducted, stratified by the two health care service providers. Factors associated with contacting each of the two service providers were explored in a modified Poisson regression analysis, and adjusted risk ratios were calculated.Results
Three key motives for contacting the two service providers were identified: ‘unpleasant symptoms’, ‘perceived need for prompt action’ and ‘perceived most suitable health care provider’. Other important motives were ‘need arose outside office hours’ and ‘wanted to talk to a physician’ (out-of-hours primary care) and ‘expected need for ambulance’ and ‘worried’ (emergency medical services). Higher probability of contacting the emergency medical services versus out-of-hours primary care was seen for most motives relating to own assessment and expectations, previous experience and knowledge, and own needs and wishes. Lower probability was seen for most motives relating to perceived barriers and benefits.Conclusions
Patient motives for contacting the two health care service providers were partly overlapping. The study contributes with new knowledge on the complex decision-making process of patients in need of acute health care. This knowledge could help optimise existing health care services, such as patient safety and the service level, without increasing health care costs.
Association between maternal sleep duration and quality, and the risk of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: wang ling , Jin Feng
Published: February 2020

Study Objectives: To assess the association of sleep duration and quality with the risk of preterm birth.
Methods: Relevant studies were retrieved from the PubMed and Web of Science databases up to September 30, 2018. The reference lists of the retrieved articles were reviewed. Random effects models were applied to estimate summarized relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Ten identified studies (nine cohort studies and one case-controlled study) examined the associations of sleep duration and quality with the risk of preterm birth. As compared with women with the longest sleep duration, the summary RR was 1.23 (95% CI = 1.01–1.50) for women with the shortest sleep duration, with moderate between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 57.4%). Additionally, as compared with women with good sleep quality, the summary RR was 1.54 (95% CI = 1.18–2.01) for women with poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5), with high between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 76.7%). Funnel plots as well as the Egger’s and Begg’s tests revealed no evidence of publication bias.
Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that short sleep duration and poor sleep quality may be associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Further subgroup analyses are warranted to test the robustness of these findings as well as to identify potential sources of heterogeneity.
Prevalence and associated factors of diarrhea among under-five children in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia 2018: A cross sectional study
Authors: Shine Sisay , Muhamud Sindew , Adnew Solomon , Demelash Alebachew , Abate Makda
Published: February 2020

Background: Diarrhea is responsible for 525,000 children under-five deaths and 1.7 billion cases globally and is the second leading cause of death among children under-five every year. It is a major public health problem in low income countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrhea and associated risk factors among children under-five in Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 420 parent or caretaker/children pairs in Debre Berhan town between 13–18 April 2018. A multi-stage sampling strategy was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured questionnaires. Data were entered in Epi-info computer software version 3.5.1 and exported to SPSS Window Version-16 for analysis. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the level of significance.
Results: The two week prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five was 16.4% (69/351). Children aged 7-11 months (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2 - 15.3), being the second-born child (AOR: 3.9, 95%CI: 1.8 - 8.5), not vaccinated against rotavirus (AOR: 10.3, 95%CI: 3.2 - 91.3) and feeding children by hand (AOR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.1 - 6.1) were significant predictors of diarrhea.
Conclusions: This study revealed that the two weeks period prevalence of diarrhea among children under-five years was 16.4%. Education programs on the importance of vaccination against rotavirus, increasing breast feeding frequency with complementary food after six months and the critical points of hand washing are recommended.