bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxicological Implications of Platinum Group Elements (PGEs): A Systematic Review of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies Using Mammalian Models
Authors: Oliveri Conti Gea , Giurdanella Simona , Rapisarda Paola , Leotta Giulia , Cristaldi Antonio , Favara Claudia , Ferrante Margherita
Published: August 2024

Background: The six Platinum group metal elements (PGEs) comprising Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Platinum, Iridium and Osmium are grouped together in the periodic table. Human activities are mostly responsible for releasing PGEs into the environment. This systematic review focused on three PGEs with the greatest anthropogenic use, including in vehicle catalytic converters: Platinum (Pt), Palladium (Pd), and Rhodium (Rh). Consequently, these represent the greatest contributors to environmental pollution. The current review of in vivo toxicological studies (mammalian models) and in vitro cell exposure studies examined the potential harmful effects of these metalloids to mammalians, and their possible toxicity to human health. Methods: We applied Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology to conduct a comprehensive search and evaluation of records in the available literature published between 01/01/2009 and 01/15/2024 in four databases. PROSPERO code ID: CRD42024471558. Results concerning the health effects of PGEs were extracted from articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After screening the records for eligibility, 22 studies were included in the final analysis. Results: This systematic review revealed that airborne PGEs significantly increased the activation of pathologic pathways in several human organs and/or perturbed various metabolic pathways. In view of the known pro-inflammatory and organ-degenerative effects of PGEs, the paucity of studies on the effect of PGEs on the central nervous system and on possible correlations with neurodegenerative diseases were particularly evident. Conclusions: The clinical complexity and chronic nature of PGE-related pathologies indicate that targeted research is essential. In light of the increasing incidence of non-communicable diseases, particular attention should be paid to the design of epidemiological studies and to environmental monitoring services.
Bacterial Insights: Unraveling the Ocular Microbiome in Glaucoma Pathogenesis
Authors: Gagliano Caterina , Salvetat Maria Letizia , Musa Mutali , D'Esposito Fabiana , Rusciano Dario , Maniaci Antonino , Pellegrini Francesco , Scibilia Giuseppe , Zeppieri Marco
Published: August 2024

This review explores the connection between the ocular surface microbiome and glaucoma, highlighting its impact on disease progression. Beginning with an overview of global glaucoma significance, it emphasizes the importance of understanding the cellular characteristics and microbiology of the ocular microbiome. A search was conducted on the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases using the phrase “ocular microbiome glaucoma”. 0 records were returned from the Cochrane Library while 21 were returned from PubMed. A total of 21 results were retrieved from 2017 to 2024. This comprised one opinion paper, four original research articles, and 16 reviews. This review covered the anatomy of the ocular surface, advanced analysis methods, and the ocular microbiome. It also delved into dysbiosis in glaucoma, addressing altered microbial communities and their potential role in disease progression. The intricate interplay between the ocular microbiome and the host’s immune system is explored, emphasizing crosstalk and inflammatory responses. The review concludes by discussing therapeutic implications, including modulating ocular microbiota and potential future treatment strategies. Understanding the microbiome in healthy and glaucomatous eyes can help researchers and clinicians in innovative approaches to ocular health.
EEG-Based Feature Classification Combining 3D-Convolutional Neural Networks with Generative Adversarial Networks for Motor Imagery
Authors: Fan Chengcheng , Yang Banghua , Li Xiaoou , Gao Shouwei , Zan Peng
Published: August 2024

Background: The adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for decoding electroencephalogram (EEG)-based motor imagery (MI) in brain-computer interfaces has significantly increased recently. The effective extraction of motor imagery features is vital due to the variability among individuals and temporal states. Methods: This study introduces a novel network architecture, 3D-convolutional neural network-generative adversarial network (3D-CNN-GAN), for decoding both within-session and cross-session motor imagery. Initially, EEG signals were extracted over various time intervals using a sliding window technique, capturing temporal, frequency, and phase features to construct a temporal-frequency-phase feature (TFPF) three-dimensional feature map. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) were then employed to synthesize artificial data, which, when combined with the original datasets, expanded the data capacity and enhanced functional connectivity. Moreover, GANs proved capable of learning and amplifying the brain connectivity patterns present in the existing data, generating more distinctive brain network features. A compact, two-layer 3D-CNN model was subsequently developed to efficiently decode these TFPF features. Results: Taking into account session and individual differences in EEG data, tests were conducted on both the public GigaDB dataset and the SHU laboratory dataset. On the GigaDB dataset, our 3D-CNN and 3D-CNN-GAN models achieved two-class within-session motor imagery accuracies of 76.49% and 77.03%, respectively, demonstrating the algorithm’s effectiveness and the improvement provided by data augmentation. Furthermore, on the SHU dataset, the 3D-CNN and 3D-CNN-GAN models yielded two-class within-session motor imagery accuracies of 67.64% and 71.63%, and cross-session motor imagery accuracies of 58.06% and 63.04%, respectively. Conclusions: The 3D-CNN-GAN algorithm significantly enhances the generalizability of EEG-based motor imagery brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Additionally, this research offers valuable insights into the potential applications of motor imagery BCIs.
Objective Sleep Function is Associated with Hippocampal Subfield Volumes in Community-Dwelling Adults
Authors: Mourtzi Niki , Tsapanou Angeliki , Morfakidou Renia , Angelopoulou Georgia , Constantinides Vasilios , Ntanasi Eva , Mamalaki Eirini , Yannakoulia Mary , Karavasilis Efstratios , Christidi Foteini , Velonakis Georgios , Scarmeas Nikolaos
Published: August 2024

Background: Sleep patterns often shift as people age, a phenomenon frequently associated with the onset of neurodegenerative conditions. Additionally, distinct alterations occur in brain structure as individuals grow older, particularly within the hippocampus, a region known for its role in cognition and sleep regulation. Yet, how exactly do changes in sleep relate to specific subfields within the hippocampus is still unclear. Methods: We conducted a study involving non-demented healthy adults from the Aiginition Longitudinal Biomarker Investigation Of Neurodegeneration (ALBION) cohort. Participants underwent objective sleep measurements using wrist Actiwatch and WatchPAT devices. Further, all participants underwent the same Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocol, including a 3D high resolution T1-weighted sequence, on the same 3.0 Tesla MRI scanner using an eight-channel head coil. The study aimed to examine the relationship between objectively measured sleep metrics and the morphology of twenty-two distinct hippocampal subregions. Results: In total, 75 non-demented participants with 63 mean years of age were included in the study. Results indicated that a higher frequency of awakenings during sleep was associated with increased volume in the right presubiculum body (beta = 0.630, p False Discovery Rate (FDR) <0.036). Longer sleep duration showed a tendency to be associated with smaller volumes of the right presubiculum body, hinting at a possible negative impact of prolonged sleep on this brain region. Similar trends were observed regarding sleep apnea and the presubiculum body volume. Further analysis based on age stratification revealed that in younger participants, longer sleep duration was linked to decreased volume of the presubiculum body, while a greater number of awakenings was correlated with increased volume of the same region. Among older participants, higher frequencies of awakenings were associated with larger volumes in various hippocampal subfields. Conclusions: These findings shed light on the complex relationship between sleep characteristics and brain structure, highlighting potential age-related differences. The study provides valuable insights into how sleep disruptions may impact hippocampal morphology and cognitive function of cognitively healthy adults. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and implications for neurodegenerative diseases.
Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research Affected by Smoking
Authors: Fu Miaoxin , Mei Aihua , Min Xinwen , Yang Handong , Wu Wenwen , Zhong Jixin , Li Chunlei , Chen Jun
Published: August 2024

The harmful substances in tobacco are widely recognized to exert a significant detrimental impact on human health, constituting one of the most substantial global public health threats to date. Tobacco usage also ranks among the principal contributors to cardiovascular ailments, with tobacco being attributed to up to 30% of cardiovascular disease-related deaths in various countries. Cardiovascular disease is influenced by many kinds of pathogenic factors, among them, tobacco usage has led to an increased year by year incidence of cardiovascular disease. Exploring the influencing factors of harmful substances in tobacco and achieving early prevention are important means to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and maintain health. This article provides a comprehensive review of the effects of smoking on health and cardiovascular diseases.
How to Approach Patients with Acute Chest Pain
Authors: Inoue Kenji , Minamino Tohru
Published: August 2024

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is associated with high mortality rates. Although the goal was to achieve a missed diagnosis rate of <1%, the actual data showed a rate of >2%. Chest pain diagnosis has remained unchanged over the years and is based on medical interviews and electrocardiograms (ECG), with biomarkers playing complementary roles. We aimed to summarize the key points of medical interviews, ECG clinics, use of biomarkers, and clinical scores, identify problems, and provide directions for future research. Medical interviews should focus on the character and location of chest pain (is it accompanied by radiating pain?) and the duration, induction, and ameliorating factors. An ECG should be recorded within 10 minutes of the presentation. The serial performance of an ECG is recommended for emergency department (ED) evaluation of suspected ACS. Characteristic ECG traces, such as Wellens syndrome and De Winter T-waves, should be understood. Therefore, troponin levels in all patients with suspected ischemic heart disease should be examined using a highly sensitive assay system. Depending on the ED facility, the patient should be risk stratified by serial measurements of cardiac troponin levels (re-testing at one hour would be preferred) to determine the appropriate time to perform an invasive strategy for a definitive diagnosis. The diagnostics should be based on Bayes’ theorem; however, care should be taken to avoid the influence of heuristic bias.
Advantages of using Genetically Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Predicting 5-Year Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Relating to Coronary Artery Disease in Women
Authors: Shek Aleksandr B. , Alieva Rano B. , Abdullaev Alisher A. , Fozilov Khurshid G. , Khoshimov Shavkat U. , Abdullaeva Guzal J. , Zakirova Darya V. , Kurbanova Rano A. , Kan Lilya E. , Kim Andrey R.
Published: August 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) over 5 years, in general, and depending on sex, lipoprotein(a) level, and number of kringle IV type 2 (KIV-2) repeats in the Lipoprotein(A) (LPA) gene. Methods: This study comprised 216 patients (120 women and 96 men) hospitalized with a diagnosis of “CAD, unstable angina IIB class”. The three-point risk of MACEs was assessed over 5 years: cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke. The number of KIV-2 repeats in the LPA gene was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The relative risk of MACE in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) was 2.0 (95% CI 1.04–3.87, p < 0.05) for quartile 4 (Q4) ≥48 mg/dL versus quartile 1 (Q1) ≤6 mg/dL. This was mainly attributable to an increase in men—relative risk (RR) 2.6 (95% CI 1.10–6.16, p < 0.05)—but not in women: RR 1.4 (95% CI 0.50–3.92). Mean lipoprotein(a) levels were inversely correlated with 42.5 and 7.5 for Q1 and Q4 KIV-2 repeat numbers, respectively. The relative risks of MACE for Q1 vs. Q4 KIV-2 repeats were as follows: 3.0 (95% CI 1.48–6.08, p < 0.001) for all patients; 3.0 (95% CI 1.20–6.55, p < 0.01) for men; 3.3 (95% CI 1.02–10.4, p < 0.05) for women. Conclusions: Quantifying kringle IV type 2 repeat copy number in the LPA gene using qPCR more accurately reflects the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events within 5 years in women with coronary artery disease.
Two-layer formulation for long-runout turbidity currents: theory and bypass flow case
Authors: Ma Hongbo , Parker Gary , Cartigny Matthieu , Viparelli Enrica , Balachander S. , Fu Xudong , Luchi Rossella
Published: August 2024

Turbidity currents, which are stratified, sediment-laden bottom flows in the ocean or lakes, can run out for 100's to 1000's of kilometers in submarine channels without losing their stratified structure. Here we derive a layer-averaged, two-layer model for turbidity currents, specifically designed to capture long-runout. Previous models have captured runout only 10’s of kilometers, beyond which thickening of the flows becomes excessive and the models without a lateral overspill mechanism fail. In our framework, a lower layer containing nearly all the sediment is a faster, gravity-driven flow that propels an upper layer, where sediment concentration is nearly zero. The thickness of the lower layer is controlled by a competition between interfacial water entrainment due to turbulent mixing and water detrainment due to sediment settling at the interface. The detrainment mechanism, first identified in experiments, is the key feature that prevents excessive thickening of the lower layer and allows long-runout. Under normal flow conditions, we obtain an exact solution to the two-layer formulation revealing a constant velocity and a constant thickening rate in each of the two layers. Numerical simulations applied to gradually varied flows on both constant and exponentially declining bed slopes, with boundary conditions mimicking field observations, show that the predicted lower layer thickness after 200-km flow propagation compares with observed submarine channel depths, whereas previous models overestimate this thickness by 3-4 fold. This formulation opens new avenues for modeling the fluid mechanics and morphodynamics of long-runout turbidity currents in the submarine setting.
A Cross-cultural Comparison of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivational Drives for Learning
Authors: Zhang Zhaoqi , van Lieshout Lieke , Colizoli Olympia , Li HaoQian , Yang Tongxi , Liu Chao , Qin Shaozheng , Bekkering Harold
Published: August 2024

Intrinsic motivational drives, like the autonomous feeling of control, and extrinsic motivational drives, like monetary reward, can benefit learning. Extensive research has focused on neurobiological and psychological factors that affect these drives, but our understanding of the sociocultural factors is limited. Here, we compared the effects of autonomy and rewards on episodic recognition memory between students from Dutch and Chinese universities. In an exploratory learning task, participants viewed partially obscured objects that they needed to subsequently remember. We independently manipulated autonomy, as volitional control over an exploration trajectory, as well as the chance to receive monetary rewards. The learning task was followed by memory tests for objects and locations. For both cultural groups, we found that participants learned better in autonomous than non-autonomous conditions. However, the beneficial effect of reward on memory performance was stronger for Chinese than for Dutch participants. By incorporating the sociocultural brain perspective, we will discuss how differences in norms and values between Eastern and Western cultures can be integrated with the neurocognitive framework about dorsal lateral and ventral medial prefrontal cortex and dopaminergic reward modulations on learning and memory. These findings have important implications for understanding the neurocognitive mechanisms in which both autonomy and extrinsic rewards are commonly used to motivate students in the realm of education and urge more attention to investigate cultural differences in learning.
Chatbot-Based Interventions for Mental Health Support
Authors: Wang Yiyi , Farb Norman A. S.
Published: August 2024

Objective: Mental health concerns are rising, particularly among post-secondary students, who may lack access to traditional therapeutic resources due to barriers like long wait times and high costs. To help address these challenges, we explored the potential of large language model-based chatbots for supporting mental health and wellbeing in student populations.Methods: We conducted two studies, lasting one week and four weeks, to examine the effectiveness of chatbot interventions over different durations. Both studies compared two chatbot interventions—one mindfulness-focused and one value-focused—against an active check-in-only control condition. The primary outcome measure was the improvement in wellbeing through the mindfulness-to-meaning (MM) pathway, a process in which enhanced decentering, the ability to see one’s experience from a wider perspective, leads to improved positive reappraisal, the ability to find constructive and empowered interpretations of experience.Results: All conditions showed evidence of stress reduction. However, compared to the active control group, both intervention styles at both durations resulted in improved wellbeing via the MM pathway. This effect was primarily driven by significant improvements in decentering. For the longer duration only, we also observed enhanced reappraisal. Conclusions: These results emphasize the potential of chatbot-based interventions to support the development of regulatory skills by leveraging the MM pathway to enhance mental health. Educational institutions and mental health providers might consider integrating such tools into scalable and accessible student support systems, addressing a broader and more diverse audience while promoting sustained wellbeing through skills development.
On a Branching Route: The Spectrum of Path Dependency in Policy Research
Authors: Beyer Jürgen
Published: August 2024

This article describes the evolution of the discussion around the concept of path dependence, which has established itself as an explanatory framework in various academic disciplines, including policy research. It outlines the diversity of conceptual ideas, presents efforts at specification that have helped to further multiply the interpretive possibilities of the concept, and illustrates the application of the concept in social and environmental policy. In the two policy fields, the concept is significant for the scientific debate in different ways, which indicates that the meaning of concepts is shaped by the respective discussion environment. The article shows that the ambiguity of the concept has not hindered its further application. There are now many different plausible reference points for dealing with the concept of path dependence in policy research.
A quantitative analysis of the affirmative furtherance of fair housing in the Housing Choice Voucher program
Authors: Bird Yoshi M. , Fehr Ashley , Zimmerman Julia Witte , Fudolig Mikaela Irene , Grobe Sarah E. , Arnold Michael Vincent , Danforth Christopher M. , Dodds Peter Sheridan
Published: August 2024

The history of fair housing policy in the United States has fallen short of two of its primary objectives: Deconcentration of poverty and community desegregation. We compare distributions of Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) households at various scales to broader US distributions to better understand the program's successes and shortcomings. We find that HCV households at the nation-scale have been consistently more highly distributed among lower-Area Median Income (AMI) census tracts and racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty (RECAPs). We specifically consider the potential of affirmatively furthering fair housing within the HCV program to simultaneously boost overall distributions in higher-AMI census tracts and to decrease RECAP concentrations of HCV households, observing that targeted deployment of mobility-based interventions can significantly decrease the proportion of HCV households residing in RECAPs. We further consider the impact of small area fair market rents (SAFMRs) and state-level source-of-income protections on HCV household distributions, finding that both interventions may boost HCV households into higher-AMI census tracts.
Comparative Study of Financial Performance Among Co-operatives in Nepal: With Reference to Awasar, Dhanakunja, and Nilganga in KTM Metropolitan-16
Authors: Dhakal Chuda Prasad
Published: August 2024

This study compares the financial performance of three cooperatives in Kathmandu Metropolitan-16: Awasar Saving and Credit Cooperatives Ltd., Dhanakunja Saving and Credit Cooperatives Ltd., and Nilganga Saving and Credit Cooperatives Ltd. The objectives are to analyze their financial health using key financial ratios over five years (2069-070 to 2073-074 BS). First-hand data were collected to compute two liquidity ratios (current ratio and debt-equity ratio), three profitability ratios (return on investment, return on assets, and return on equity), and one market prospect ratio (earnings per share). The results indicate that all three cooperatives struggle to achieve significant profitability, with most profitability ratios remaining below 1%. Awasar showed the highest return on equity at 6% in its second year. Dhanakunja displayed the strongest liquidity position, while Awasar and Nilganga consistently had current ratios below the satisfactory level of 2:1. Despite low debt-to-equity ratios suggesting stable businesses, market prospects varied, with Awasar performing relatively better than Nilganga. This comparative analysis provides a model for assessing the financial health of cooperatives and can guide future studies.
Enrique’s Journey: The Perilous Quest of Undocumented Migrants for a Better Life
Authors: Sharma Manahari
Published: August 2024

In this article, an attempt is made to analyse the plight and predicament of illegal migrants crossing the Mexican border to reach the USA for a better life. Sonia Nazario’s Enrique‘s Journey is an account of a child protagonist Enrique, who travels from Honduras to North America through deadly routes to meet his mother and becomes the subject of an unjust border. Children like Enrique and other millions of migrants from underdeveloped countries like Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador undergo a  arrowing experience when they cross the border to escape from civil war, impunity, and poverty in their countries. At the border, the inherent rights of all human beings with the promise of true democracy become meaningless: refugees and undocumented migrants are victimised by national sovereignty policy and compelled to live bare lives. In this paper, I will attempt to analyse the problems of displaced people based on different grounds: Who are undocumented migrants? What is the cause behind forceful exit from their own country? Why have they been encountering unspeakable suffering while crossing the border? How is the matter of hospitality understood? Do they find themselves in a safer zone and freedom in an unwelcome space? Such questions are discussed using theories on migrants and refugees.
Comparative Studies of CSEB by Using RHA and Lime as a Partial Replacement of Cement
Authors: Yadav Kalpana , Shrestha Bimala , Giri Anusha , Gurung Kiran , Karki Bipashwi , KC Asmita , Bhandari Gyanendra
Published: August 2024

In the growing concerns about sustainable building materials and environmental issues, Compressed Stabilized Earth Brick (CSEB) emerges as a notable solution. CSEB is recognized for its energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness, making significant contribution to sustainable development. Unlike traditional concrete blocks and fired bricks, CSEB production requires less energy, as it involves compressing a mixture of local earth and stabilizers like cement or lime without high-temperature firing. This process reduces carbon emissions and conserves energy resources. Economically, CSEB uses locally sourced materials like RHA/Lime, cutting transportation costs and supporting local economies. Additionally, the simpler production process reduces labour costs. Environmentally, CSEB minimizes waste and the environmental impact of raw material extraction. Overall, CSEB’s properties compare favourably with concrete blocks and fired bricks, offering a robust, sustainable alternative for modern construction. This research investigates the properties and internal mechanisms of soil blocks made with two different materials, specifically rice husk ash (RHA) and lime. Experiments were conducted with the main variables being RHA content at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 wt.% and lime content at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 wt.%. Tests included Atterberg’s Limit Test, Plasticity Index Test, Soil Type Classification, Water Absorption Test, and Compressive Strength Test. Further investigation with soil blocks of different ratios and compositions concluded that among all the samples, CSEB with lime (20%) as a replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) exhibited better water absorption capacity compared to RHA. Additionally, CSEB with lime (20%) as a replacement for OPC demonstrated the highest compressive strength compared to RHA.
Strains of Pseudomonas spp. with fungistatic activity
Authors: Bigaleeva A.Sh. , Khakimova L.R. , Chubukova O.V. , Vershinina Z.R.
Published: August 2024

Pseudomonas spp. have great potential as rhizosphere bacteria that stimulate plant growth (PGPR), and also have mycostatic activity against phytopathogenic fungi, therefore this type of microorganisms is of great interest for the creation of biological products with high efficiency for different plant species. The purpose of this work was to study strains of Pseudomonas sp. with fungistatic activity, retain the ability to suppress the growth of phytopathogenic fungal strains Microdochium nivale VKM 3106, Fusarium graminearum VKM 1668, Fusarium culmorum VKM 844 and Bipolaris sorokiniana after long-term freezing. As a result, the Pseudomonas chlororaphis Elena strain showed inhibition of Microdochium nivale VKM 3106 by 41.87%, Pseudomonas chlororaphis VKPM V-9444 by 35.93%, Fusarium culmorum VKM 844 by 78.68 and 72.66%, respectively. Fusarium graminearum VKM 1668 by 47.31 and 33.39%, respectively, Bipolaris sorokiniana by 86.6 and 78.15%, respectively. Thus, the Elena strain showed good antagonistic activity even after a long deep freeze; the B-9444 strain was slightly inferior in its performance.
In silico analysis of the expression of β-1,3-glucanase genes of flax phloem fibers Linum usitatissimum L. with gravity response
Authors: Ibragimova N.N.
Published: August 2024

Orthologs of β-1,3-glycanase (BG) of Arabidopsis thaliana L. were identified in flax Linum usitatissimum L. in silico. They corresponded to 57 sequences grouped into 27 orthologous groups. Protein domains characteristics of β-1,3-glucanases were predicted for 22 main orthologs showing changes in expression at the gene level during the development of the fiber (individual cell) in normal conditions (different stages), and an analysis of temporal (8 h, 24 h, 96 h after tilt of stem) and spatial (upper (PUL) and lower (OPP) sides of the plant stem) expression profiles during gravity response was performed. Most of the analyzed BG showed maximum expression in the apical meristem. In response to gravistimulation, a change in expression was detected in 11 BG genes. Of these, 7 genes showed increased expression in the fibers of both sides of the stem (Lus10015151, Lus10040461, Lus10033244), of PUL-side (Lus10019801, Lus10039095 and Lus10032562) and of OPP-side (Lus10024535). A decrease in expression during gravity response was revealed in genes Lus10011482, Lus10002295, Lus10043075 and Lus10038099. For Lus10011482 and Lus10043075, activity was detected on both sides of the stem 8, 24 and 96 hours after the plants were tilted. With gravity response, the value of gene expression of the main orthologs changed towards earlier stage of fiber development and was often confirmed by a change in the expression of all genes of the corresponding orthologous group. It is suggested that the corresponding β-1,3-glucanases are localized in the cell wall and modified to manifest the "muscular" functions of the fibers. This study provides a basis for elucidating the functional characteristics of β-1,3-glucanases during fiber development and during gravity response.
Hubungan Karakteristik Akseptor KB Baru Dengan Penggunaan Non Metode Kontrasepsi Efektif Terpilih
Authors: Rismawati Rismawati , Kasmiati Kasmiati
Published: August 2024

Efforts to reduce the population growth rate are to control the birth rate through family planning programs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the characteristics of new family planning acceptors and the use of Selected Effective Contraceptive Methods. This study is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples in this study was 49 samples. The sampling technique used was total sampling—research data analysis using Chi Square analysis and Odd Ratio. The results showed a relationship between age and contraceptive use of contraceptives Non Selected Effective Methods p value 0.002 and OR = 10.875. There is a relationship between parity and the use of Non-Effective Contraceptive Methods Selected p value 0.043 and OR = 5.667. There is no relationship between education and the use of Selected Effective Contraceptive Methods, with a p-value of 0.210 and OR=0.387. All parties are expected to improve, understand, and provide counseling on the use of non-MKET family planning so that each acceptor can choose the right type of family planning.
Determinan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Preeklamsia Pada Ibu Hamil: Studi Literatur
Authors: Suparji Suparji , Surtinah Nani , Latif Abdul
Published: August 2024

This article is the result of a systematic review which aims to identify determinants of risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women. This research uses the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) method with the Google Scholar database. The results of this review involved 20 articles which were excluded to become 12 relevant articles, and finally 6 articles were selected that were appropriate to the research topic. The selected articles discuss the relationship between gravida risk factors and the incidence of preeclampsia, as well as risk factors for the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. The results of the review show that gravida factors, maternal age, parity, pregnancy spacing, and history of hypertension can influence the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. The conclusion of this article is that there are many risk factors that can cause preeclampsia in pregnant, giving birth and postpartum women. Although there are more dominant risk factors, preeclampsia can be treated and prevented through optimal antenatal monitoring and early detection. It is recommended that health service facilities and health workers can optimize antenatal supervision, early detection and good treatment to prevent severe preeclampsia and reduce maternal mortality. Apart from that, the community, especially pregnant, giving birth and postpartum women, is expected to play a more active role in preventing preeclampsia and pay attention to the causes and ways to avoid preeclampsia and its complications.
Identification of the IL-13 gene rs20541 single nucleotide polymorphism and its association with renal cell carcinoma in Iraqi patients
Authors: Dhabaan Anwar Abed Nasser , Abbas Hussein Mahmood , Muhammed Haidar J. , Saleh Tahreer Hadi
Published: August 2024

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common and aggressive form of kidney cancer, with genetic factors playing a significant role in its development. Recent research has focused on the potential involvement of cytokine gene polymorphisms, including those in the interleukin (IL) -13 gene, in RCC susceptibility. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the IL-13 gene rs20541 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and the risk of RCC in Iraqi patients.
Methods. A case-control study was conducted involving 250 participants, including 125 patients diagnosed with RCC and 125 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Blood samples were collected from all participants for DNA extraction. The IL-13 gene rs20541 SNP was genotyped using the Tetra-Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System-Polymerase Chain Reaction (TARMS-PCR) method. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the frequencies of genotypes (GG, GA, AA) and alleles (G, A) between cases and controls, and to evaluate their association with RCC risk.
Results. The study found significant differences in the distribution of IL-13 rs20541 genotypes and alleles between RCC patients and healthy controls. The presence of the GG genotype was significantly associated with an increased risk of RCC (OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.15–6.37, P = 0.002), while the AA genotype was significantly associated with a protective effect against the disease (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.21–0.69, p = 0.002). On the other hand, the GA genotype did not show a significant association with protection against RCC (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.36–1.00, p = 0.067). For the G and A alleles, the G allele was found to be a highly significant risk factor for RCC (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.85–3.84, p <0.0001), while the A allele was significantly associated with a protective effect (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.26–0.54, p <0.0001).
Conclusion. The current study provides evidence that the IL-13 rs20541 SNP, particularly the GG genotype and G allele, may be associated with an increased risk of developing RCC in the Iraqi population. This finding suggests that the rs20541 polymorphism could serve as a potential genetic marker for RCC susceptibility. Further research is needed to confirm these results and to explore the underlying mechanisms of how IL-13 gene polymorphisms contribute to RCC pathogenesis.
A Educação Inclusiva no ensino de Química: reflexões de professores e intérpretes de Libras de Escolas Públicas do Estado de Mato Grosso
Authors: Araújo José Carlos de Sousa , Guedes Sumaya Ferreira , Gonçalves Andriele de Oliveira Soares
Published: August 2024

A Educação Inclusiva é compreendida como uma epistemologia de ensino disruptiva e contemporânea que preconiza garantir o acesso à educação de qualidade. Com isso, este estudo visa compreender as reflexões sobres as agruras inerentes à Educação Inclusiva na percepção dos professores de Química e Intérpretes de Libras (TLIS), para responder à seguinte questão: como anda o arcabouço pedagógico da formação em serviço para superar os desafios pedagógicos entre professores de Química e TLIS acerca da usabilidade de aplicativos por meio de dispositivos móveis como instrumento didático-tecnológico? Para o caminho metodológico optou-se pela pesquisa qualitativa com princípios relacionados à entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados revelam a necessidade emergente de ações efetivas que visam a implantação da formação em serviço com ênfase no ensino e aprendizagem por meio das tecnologias digitais. Desse modo, oportunizar e desenvolver nestes profissionais habilidades para o fazer pedagógico com intencionalidade permitirá uma educação inclusiva com sujeitos mais autônomos.
مسؤولية موظف المصرف المدنية- دراسة مقارنة
Authors: عوض الكريم خديجة حسن , كرمنو محمد أحمد
Published: August 2024

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى توضيح المسؤولية المدنية للموظف المصرف من ناحية قانونية وفقهية، وبيان مسؤولية موظف المصرف المدنية، كما تهدف إلى توضيح من هو متحمل المسؤولية. المنهجية: اعتمدت هذا الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي المقارن، وذلك باستعراض النصوص التشريعية ذات الصلة في القوانين. النتائج: من أهم النتائج التي توصلت الدراسة أن ثمة قصور في التشريعات المصرفية في تحديد مسؤولية الموظف المدنية منفصلةَ عن مسؤولية المصرف، واشترطت بعض التشريعات لتقرير مسؤولية موظف المصرف المدنية سوء نيته في ارتكاب الفعل الضار، ولم يجد الباحث في السوابق القضائية لبعض التشريعات قضية تاكد مسؤولية موظف المصرف منفصلة عن المسؤولية المصرف. الخلاصة: تخلص من هذه الدراسة إلى أنه ولمواكبة التشريعات التي تنظم العمل المصرفي في السودان والسعودي لابد من تقنين نصوص توضح مدي تحمل موظف المصرف المسئولية عن الضرر الناتج عن تصرفاته الخاطئية بعيداَ عن مسئولية المصرف، ويوصي الباحث المشرع السوداني الذي غفل عن النص علي مسئولية موظف المصرف في فصل مسئولية التابع هو الموظف عن المتبوع هو المصرف بصورة واضحة يمكن بموجبها مقضاة الموظف مباشرة بعيدًا عن المصرف.
Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa pada Soal Hots Pola Bilangan di SMP Negeri 1 Teriak
Authors: Fransiskus Hendra Gunawan  , Hartono Hartono  , Abdillah Abdillah
Published: August 2024

Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of describing students' problem solving abilities on number pattern HOTS questions. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. The subjects in this research were 6 out of 21 students in class VIII D at SMP Negeri 1 Teriak, each of whom had high, medium and low problem solving abilities. The indicators of problem solving ability according to Polya are: 1) Understanding the problem, 2) Making a resolution plan, 3) Carrying out a resolution plan, 4) Reviewing the resolution plan. The results of this research show that there are 5 students with high level problem solving abilities, 13 students with medium level problem solving abilities and 3 students with low level problem solving abilities.
 
Keywords: Problem Solving, HOTS, Number Patterns
Bridging the Science Between Yogic Postures (Asanas) and Neurophysiology: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nayan Rishi Niraj
Published: August 2024

The two main components of yoga practice, asana (posture) and pranayama (breathing practices), are well-known. The spatial alignment of a body is referred to as its "posture". Yogi Maharishi Patanjali clarifies that the posture needs to be stable and at ease. Numerous studies have documented the health benefits of asana, such as preserving the equilibrium between the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, normalizing blood pressure and glucose levels, enhances memory concentration, and preserves physical health. The alterations in the thalamus, cerebrum, first-order, second-order, and third-order neurons, among other brain regions, are not thoroughly described in scientific literature. In this review paper, we examine how the asana affects conscious proprioception, which in turn stimulates the thalamus via the medial lemniscus route by sending a signal to the gracile fasciculus and cuneate fasciculus via the posterior nerve root ganglion. This activates the premotor cortex of the cerebrum's Brodmann areas 3b, 1, and 2, as well as the postcentral gyrus and the somatosensory cortex. Working on the Vijnanamaya Kosha (intellectual sheath), the prefrontal cortex, also referred to as the sheath of intelligence, has direct connections with the premotor cortex. This improves various aspects of health. For doctors, researchers, experimental researchers, and anyone interested in utilizing the neurological advantages of yoga, this paper will offer a comprehensive overview of the neuropsychological mechanisms involved in asana practice.
Una búsqueda entre el yo y el otro desde El lobo estepario de Herman Hesse
Authors: Chávez González Mónica
Published: August 2024

Introducción: A través del concepto de la otredad, clave en la literatura y la filosofía, El lobo estepario explora las complejidades de la identidad y la alienación en su protagonista, Harry Haller, basándose en las teorías de Emmanuel Lévinas y Paul Ricoeur. Metodología: Se aplicaron teorías literarias y filosóficas contemporáneas, especialmente las de Ricoeur y Lévinas, enfocándose en la dicotomía "yo - otro". El análisis detalló las interacciones de Haller con otros personajes y sus reflexiones internas. Resultados: Haller experimenta una fragmentación continua de su identidad, viéndose como una entidad compuesta de múltiples yos. Esta fragmentación se refleja en sus interacciones con otros personajes, que actúan como espejos de su otredad interna. Discusión: La otredad en Haller se entiende a través de su introspección constante y su identificación como mitad hombre, mitad lobo. Este conflicto interno simboliza su lucha por reconciliar sus impulsos primitivos con sus aspiraciones culturales, reflejando una dualidad esencial en su identidad. Conclusiones: El lobo estepario no solo expone la complejidad de la identidad individual, sino que también plantea la otredad como central en la comprensión de uno mismo. La obra invita a reflexionar sobre la lucha interna entre lo primitivo y lo cultural, relevante en la exploración de la identidad en la literatura moderna.
Фахова підготовка майбутніх учителів мистецтва до виконавсько-педагогічної роботи засобами української народної музичної творчості
Authors: Чабан-Чайка С. В.
Published: August 2024

Наукову розвідку присвячено дослідженню фахової підготовки майбутніх учителів мистецтва до виконавсько-педагогічної роботи засобами української народної музичної творчості. У статті деталізується змістовно-сутнісна характеристика української народної музичної творчості, інтерпретації та виконавства. Розглянуто актуальні питання оптимізації фахової підготовки майбутніх учителів музики шляхом впровадження кращих зразків української народної музичної творчості у навчальний процес. Здійснено аналіз наукових праць щодо сутності понять: «українська народна музична творчість», «виконавські навички», «національна свідомість». У відповідності до концепції середньої загальноосвітньої та національної школи України споконвічність, первинність культурно-історичних традицій народу, діалектична єдність їх із загальнолюдською культурою є вихідним принципом при конструюванні змісту освіти. Створення національної системи освіти в умовах розбудови незалежної української держави потребує адекватного спрямування виховання. Національне виховання передбачає принцип народності виховання, що зумовлює потребу у формуванні національної свідомості, любові до рідної землі і свого народу. Один із шляхів духовного відродження України – прилучення молоді до української народної музичної творчості. Проаналізовано естетично-педагогічне значення української народної музичної творчості. Розглянуто творчий пошук як систему осмисленої музично-професійної діяльності студентiв, яка характеризується їх позитивним ставленням до опанування широкого дiапазону жанрів української народної музичної творчості та вмінням реалізувати спецiальнi музичнi знання на практиці. Засвоюючи і використовуючи найкращі зразки попереднього досвіду, нові покоління збагачують та удосконалюють його, роблять свій внесок у розвиток педагогічної науки. Окреслено перспективу фахової підготовки майбутніх учителів мистецтва до виконавсько-педагогічної роботи засобами українського народного музичного мистецтва.
Мобільна бригада соціально-психологічної допомоги як інноваційна спеціалізована соціальна служба
Authors: Лісовець О. В.
Published: August 2024

У статті розглянуто проблему впровадження інноваційних підходів у практику соціальної роботи на прикладі мобільної бригади соціально-психологічної допомоги. Метою статті є вивчення практики впровадження та функціонування цього інноваційного сервісу у сфері соціальної роботи України. Охарактеризовано мобільну бригаду соціально-психологічної допомоги як спеціалізовану соціальну службу підтримки осіб, які постраждали від домашнього насильства та/або насильства за ознакою статі. Визначено, що ця служба утворюється для надання під час виїздів соціально-психологічної допомоги постраждалим особам, зокрема соціальних послуг з: консультування; кризового та екстреного втручання; соціальної профілактики відповідно до їхніх потреб. Основними формами і методами її роботи визначено: виявлення осіб, які постраждали від насильства; складання плану безпеки для постраждалої особи; дистанційне консультування та дистанційний супровід; ведення випадку; індивідуальна і групова робота; організація перенаправлення для отримання допомоги до інших надавачів послуг. З’ясовано, що ідея створення МБСПД реалізується в Україні з 2015 р. і є відповіддю на збройний конфлікт на сході України та збільшення кількості випадків насильства. На сьогодні в Україні діє більше 300 служб державного підпорядкування і більше 100, які створені за підтримки UNFPA, Фонду ООН у галузі народонаселення. Проаналізовано основні переваги служби та проблеми і перешкоди, які стоять на шляху розвитку мобільних бригад соціально-психологічної допомоги в Україні.
Exploring Modality Used by Pakistani Politicians during the Election 2024 Campaigns: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Urdu Print Media Headlines
Authors: Marwari Badal Ram , Muhammad Sahito Jam Khan , Laghari Tania
Published: August 2024

The present study draws attention to political discourse embedded with ideologies that cannot easily be decoded by a layman. For such a study a newly introduced integrative problem-oriented analytical tool the Power, Ideology, and Manipulation Identification (PIMI) model was created to do the analysis of political discourse and it further discloses the features and variations of language and discourse. The present paper discusses the analytical models (Chilton & Schäffner, 1997; Van Dijk, 2002), the new tool having the basis of two existing critical discourses. Discourse with its amazing adaptability and flexibility can be easily twisted and bent; it can create and destroy any kind of connections and bonds whenever it wants. Politicians better know how to play with words; they know how emotional expressions fulfill their agendas. The study explores the usage of modality employed by Pakistani politicians during the election campaigning to persuade their voters.
Analisis Penerapan Metode Fast-Track dan Crash Program Terhadap Waktu dan Biaya Dalam Pelaksanaan Proyek Pembangunan Jalan
Authors: Salasa Bernardo Sandrini , Wardono Hendro , Sari Dharwati P , Rasya Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Adanya permasalahan yang terjadi pada pekerjaan konstruksi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya keterlambatan waktu karena adanya ketergantungan antara setiap item pekerjaan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis percepatan waktu dan biaya agar ekonomis penggunaannya pada proyek Jalan Sanga-Sanga. Dalam pelaksanaannya terjadi keterlambatan waktu yang semula ditargetkan selesai dalam waktu 42 hari menjadi 59 hari. Metode fast-track dan crash program merupakan metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian untuk menekan keterlambatan dan dibandingkan hasilnya. Hasil analisis menggunakan metode fast-track dan crash program dari segi waktu bisa ditekankan lebih cepat dari rencana awal dengan variasi lewat waktu kerja 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam. Pada metode crash program yaitu dalam waktu 36 hari, 32 hari, dan 31 hari. Sedangkan pada metode fast-track­ dapat diselesaikan dalam waktu 39 hari dengan biaya sebesar Rp. 4.054.701.876,00 terjadi penurunan sebesar 0,8%, sedangkan dengan metode crash program memperoleh biaya sebesar Rp. 4.044.725.015,00 untuk 1 jam lembur, Rp. 4.067.463.338,00 untuk 2 jam lembur, dan Rp. 4.096.452.849,00 untuk lembur 3 jam. Dari kedua metode tersebut didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa metode yang lebih efektif dan efisien adalah metode crash program dengan lembur 1 jam dengan biaya Rp. 4.044.725.015,00.