bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lo Político en Jean Jacque Rousseau
Authors: Abreu Suarez Alirio José
Published: May 2018

Este trabajo parte de una reflexión teórica sobre el pensamiento político de Jean Jacque Rousseau. El mismo fue efectuado con un enfoque bibliográfico y documental. En ese sentido, el trabajo propuesto se sustenta en las obras de Rousseau como: El origen de las desigualdades entre los hombres, el contrato Social entre otros autores. La obra roussoniana es importante ya que esta se convierte en un referente para el campo de las ciencias políticas. El propósito del texto es proporcionar a los docentes, estudiantes y demás actores elementos pedagógicos para que sean abordados y discutidos en el campo de las ciencias sociales. En la misma forma, es de destacar el aporte efectuado por Rousseau a la política, su visión sobre los sistemas de gobierno Democracia, Aristocracia y Monarquía fueron contundentes para la época ya que posteriormente políticos e ideólogos se inspiran en el para realizar la revolución francesa y el proceso de independencia en Latinoamérica. De igual forma, su dura crítica a la monarquía corrupta su afirmación de que la soberanía reside en el pueblo mediante voluntad general marca un antecedente interesante para las democracias actuales.
Inteligencias que Desarrolla el Estudiante Jugador de Ajedrez
Authors: Matos De Rojas Yuraima Margelis , Vethencourt Godoy Maryelin Lorena , Peña Briceño Magda Lisbeth , Briceño Magda Violeta
Published: May 2018

Para fortalecer el desarrollo cognitivo en los estudiantes se requiere el uso de estrategias innovadoras, creativas y formativas que le permitan lograrlo, siendo una de las estrategias didácticas el ajedrez. Por lo que se planteó como propósito de investigación: Identificar las inteligencias que desarrolla el estudiante atleta de la Unidad Educativa de Talentos Deportivos que juegan ajedrez, para sugerir algunas recomendaciones que puedan ser puesta en práctica en las instituciones educativas. Metodológicamente se abordó desde el paradigma cualitativo a través de método fenomenológico que permite develar la realidad desde las experiencias y vivencias de los actores sociales. Constituyéndose como actores clave seis estudiantes de dicha institución jugadores de ajedrez, a quienes se les aplicó una entrevista abierta para obtener la información necesaria, la cual se sistematizó para extraer las categorías, codificaciones y triangular la información. Como resultados se obtuvo que los estudiantes desarrollan las inteligencias: lógica-matemática, la lingüística, la espacial y visual, como la intrapersonal durante el juego de ajedrez y en los procesos de aprendizaje. Configuradas en categorías, analizadas e interpretadas desde las voces de los actores sociales, teóricos e investigadores. Sugiriendo algunas recomendaciones que pueden ser puesta en práctica para fortalecer las inteligencias en el estudiante.
La Educación Holística desde una Perspectiva Humanista
Authors: López Arrillaga César Enrique
Published: May 2018

El presente ensayo pretende aproximarse a los conceptos básicos de Educación Holística (Barrera, 2013) y un breve recorrido conceptual y de principales postulados de la teoría humanista considerada por el autor sobre la personalidad, (Carl, 1961), para establecer la posible aproximación teórica de la educación holística desde una perspectiva humanista en el encuentro de los postulados del Humanismo en la práctica docente que permita la  humanización de la educación, centrada en los seres humanos tomando en cuenta sus capacidades, habilidades y destrezas, en pocas palabras un recorrido de algunos tópicos teóricos importante que coadyuvaran a construir una visión Hologogica en los docentes.
Visión de la Gestión en la Gerencia de la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria
Authors: Pernía Juan Carlos
Published: May 2018

Las ciencias administrativas en las gestiones gerenciales generan espacios para la investigación sobre la contribución de las universidades en la formación de profesionales socialmente responsables. El propósito de este ensayo es generar una reflexión acerca de la visión de la gestión en la gerencia de la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria (RSU). El proceso metódico utilizado para el acopio de la información, se apoya en la revisión documental de algunos esbozos teóricos relacionados con los constructos de la RSU, como el cuidado, manejo, utilización de los bienes y servicios en procura del beneficio del bien común de todos los ciudadanos; las cuales deben orientarse hacia nuevas alternativas gerenciales que sean más eficientes para adaptarse a la dinámica compleja del crecimiento de la sociedad. De ahí que las organizaciones de educación superior, tienen una corresponsabilidad de tomar las medidas de protección de medio ambiente, además de contribuir con el bienestar de la sociedad, como un todo mancomunado que debe responder a los intereses organizacionales, pero también del desarrollo sustentable del país. Se concluyó que la responsabilidad social universitaria debe promover una perspectiva reflexiva de los gerentes académicos para trascender la labor formativa, desde una mirada prospectiva estratégica en un pensamiento sistémico, sin barreras disciplinaria que asuma una actitud desestructurada de la complejidad, creando nuevos espacios de gestión presente y futura de la organización académica orientada a egresar profesionales con conocimientos pertinentes a las demandas de la sociedad contemporánea, personas comprometidas con mejorar la calidad de vida colectiva desde una visión planetaria.
Programa Formativo de Educación en Salud sobre la Enfermedad del Chikungunya
Authors: Escalona Belandria Carmen Yorlet
Published: May 2018

El objetivo de la investigación fue aplicar un programa de formación en educación para la salud a la comunidad “Juan Pedro del Corral”, municipio Barinas, estado Barinas, en la prevención de la enfermedad del Chikungunya. El estudio responde metodológicamente al paradigma cualitativo. El tipo de estudio en una investigación acción y el diseño de campo. Se consideraron siete (07) informantes clave. La técnica e instrumento que se utilizó en la recolección de la información fue la observación directa y como instrumento una entrevista en profundidad. El estudio permitió concluir: La gran mayoría de los entrevistados tienen desconocimiento de la enfermedad del Chikungunya; así como también el agente transmisor. Sin embargo, manejan el conocimiento que el agente trasmisor es un zancudo infectado. Los informantes señalaron que los síntomas de la enfermedad están enmarcados en dolor de cabeza, fiebre, erupción en el cuerpo y dolores articulares y los medicamentos utilizados para aliviar la misma fue el acetaminofén. También, informaron que dicha enfermedad se complica con otras enfermedades. El programa de formación para la salud representa un aspecto importante en el desarrollo del individuo porque incide en la integración y participación de las acciones ambientales en la cual se desenvuelve dicho individuo. Se planificaron un conjunto de actividades inherentes a mejorar, informar y educar a la comunidad en la prevención de la enfermedad del Chikungunya.
Metacognición: Razonamiento Hipotético y Resolución de Problemas
Authors: Ullauri Ullauri Jaime Iván , Ullauri Ullauri Carol Ivone
Published: May 2018

El presente trabajo contempla una reflexión teórica precisa y sucinta sobre el proceso metacognitivo de razonamiento hipotético como capacidad propia del desarrollo cognitivo de los niños durante la tercera infancia y como este incide en la resolución de problemas lógico-matemáticos, sobre la perspectiva cognitiva de Flavell y Sternberg en comunión con el proceso resolutorio de problemas de Polya. Esta investigación comprendió el estudio bibliográfico pertinente, teniendo como horizonte poner en evidencia los procesos de razonamiento hipotético en la resolución de problemas matemáticos, concluyendo con la importancia de la enseñanza y desarrollo de procesos cognitivos básicos en educación que fomenten el surgimiento de procesos metacognitivos, permitiendo al niño trabajar sobre su tarea, repensarla y en lo posible solucionarla. Desde esta perspectiva este trabajo constituye una panorámica de fácil acceso y comprensión para los profesionales noveles que se especializan en psicología y educación.
La Educación Sexual de la Mujer en Sectores Vulnerables
Authors: Vásquez Veracochea Lynett Carolina
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo brinda una descripción de un trabajo multidisciplinario con el objetivo de proponer el desarrollo de estrategias orientadoras necesarias para informar y fomentar la educación sexual y reproductiva a las mujeres del Municipio Manuel Monge del estado Yaracuy, Venezuela; permitiendo un aporte activo a la sociedad para contrarrestar los embarazos adolescentes, pobreza extrema y la erradicación de la violencia de género, buscando el empoderamiento de la mujer en sectores vulnerables a partir del conocimiento de sus derechos. La metodología empleada desde la investigación fue la acción participación con un enfoque del paradigma cualitativo por la percepción de los actores, un diseño previo para la recolección de información, planificación de estrategias sobre conocimientos que permitiera elaborar actividades de entrevistas semiestructuradas a tres informantes claves de los grupos focales, con planes de trabajo, talleres prácticos, jornadas de salud y una escucha activa para establecer criterios de los recursos en la obtención de los resultados.

La técnica de interpretación de datos permite ordenar la información del cómo, dónde, cuándo y por qué con claridad a fin de establecer una relación entre categorías, y otros datos recolectados para brindar un acompañamiento integral a la mujer hacia el logro de los objetivos planteados.
Keperdataan Anak diluar Nikah dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Implikasinya terhadap Harta Warisan
Authors: Pusvita Sari
Published: May 2018

Putusan mahkamah konstitusi Nomor 46 / PUU-VIII / 2010 merupakan langkah di bidang hukum keluarga di Indonesia. Hakim konstitusi mengabulkan petisi untuk menentukan status perdata bagi anak-anak lahir dari pernikahan kedua orang tuanya tidak tertulis oleh Pegawai Pencatatan Nikah (PKN). Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti ingin menggali apa efek dari hukum eksplisit dan implisit untuk menentukan pengadilan konstitusional bagi anak-anak yang tersebut diatas; bagaimana Kontemplasi Hukum Islam terhadap warisan anak-anak yang lahir dari orang tua yang tidak memiliki status pernikahan resmi sebagai implikasi dari putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Ini adalah penelitian perpustakaan dan hanya berfokus pada beberapa data yang bersumber di perpustakaan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Semua data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian, hakim konstitusi berdasarkan empat faktor. Mereka adalah sosiologi, teknologi, dan peningkatan pengetahuan, hukuman, dan perlindungan hukum bagi anak-anak. Dampak eksplisit adalah hukum jaminan untuk anak-anak yang tidak sah dari status perwakinan orang tuanya. Sebaliknya, yang tersirat akan membuat kebingungan dalam hukum keluarga, jika itu termasuk perzinaan (zina), hidup bersama tanpa perkawinan yang sah (samen leven), dan hubungan bebas lainnya. Dijelaskan dalam hukum Islam bahwa anak yang lahir dari perzinaan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan ayah mereka. Jadi, tidak ada alasan untuk mendapatkan warisan.
Penolakan Nasab Anak Li�an dan Dhihar dengan Ta�liq (Analisis Komparatif Naskah Kitab Fiqh al-Islam wa Adillatuhu dengan al-Mughni)
Authors: Hafidzi Anwar
Published: May 2018

Artikel ini membahas mengenai konsep li�an� dalam perkawinan serta dampak yang didapatkan setelahnya melalui pandangan hukum Islam. Munculnya permasalahan dalam perkawinan disebabkan suami menuduh istri nya telah berzina dengan laki-laki lain, atau suami tidak mengakui anak yang ada di dalam kandungan istrinya sebagai anaknya sebagai bagian dari permasalahan yang berkembang pada saat ini. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang kebolehan menolak nasab anak dan kehamilan dengan li�an �dalam perkawinan. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analytic komparatif yakni membandingkan antara pembahasan li�an tentang kebolehan menolak nasab anak dan menganalisanya. Sumber primernya adalah kitab Fiqh al-Isl�m wa Adillatuhu karya Wahbah Az-Zuhaily dengan kitab Al-Mughni karya Ibnu Qudamah. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan pendapat diantara jumhur ulama mengenai kesaksian suami saat melakukan li�an. Menurut Imam Hanafi kesaksian li�an �dari istri tidak sah jika belum adanya kesaksian dari suami, dan Imam Syafi�i dan Hambali berpendapat bahwa tidak disyaratkannya kedatangan suami istri secara bersama-sama, sedangkan Imam Malik mensyaratkan kedatangan sekelompok orang dalam pelaksanaan li�an , paling sedikitnya empat orang yang adil.
Pasuwitan Sebagai Legalitas Perkawinan: Telaah Hukum Islam Terhadap Perkawinan Suku Samin Di Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad , Kuncoro Anis Tyas
Published: May 2018

Perkawinan merupakan hubungan yang sakral. Seorang pria dan wanita dinyatakan sah menjadi pasangan suami isteri ketika sudah melaksanakan akad nikah serta telah memenuhi syarat dan rukun nikah, namun masyarakat Suku Samin yang ada di Desa Baturejo Kecamatan Sukolilo Kabupaten Pati mempunyai aturan dimana seorang pria dan wanita dinyatakan sebagai sah sebagai seorang suami isteri apabila telah melakukan hubungan intim yang disebut tradisi pasuwitan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. �Dalam rangka medapatkan data lebih detail, penulis juga menggunakan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa pasuwitan adalah proses dimana seorang pengantin laki-laki hidup satu rumah dengan pengantin perempuan untuk menjalani proses pencocokan, kecocokan ditandai dengan telah melakukan hubungan intim. Setelah itu baru keduanya dinyatakan sah sebagai suami isteri. Berdasarkan analisis hukum Islam tradisi yang ada di masyarakat Suku Samin ini tidak boleh untuk dilakukan karena tradisi ini bertentangan dengan dalil syara�. Tradisi ini bisa dikatakan sebagai �urf tetapi �urf yang tidak dapat diterima karena tidak memenuhi syarat sebagai �urf� (�urf fasid) yaitu menghalalkan yang haram. Sedangkan jika dilihat dari syarat dan rukun nikah, tradisi pasuwitan dilakukan tanpa ijab qabul yang jelas. Padahal dalam ketentuan ijab qabul dalam perkawinan itu harus ada pernyataan menikahkan dari wali serta diucapkan dengan jelas dan menggunakan kata-kata nikah atau tazwij. Sehingga perkawinan dalam tradisi pasuwitan ini bisa dikatakan sebagai nikah yang tidak sah karena tidak memenuhi akad dalam perkawinan yang sebenarnya.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SULFATE REDUCING BACTERIA FROM BIOFILM SULFATE REDUCTION AND CU PRECIPITATION BIOREACTOR (BATCH CULTURE).
Authors: Punjungsari Tyas Nyonita
Published: May 2018

The biofilm is a microbial community structure formed on the zeolite surface in a sulfate reduction bioreactor and Cu deposition using a SRB consortium . The biofilm soluble microbial solvent is expected to have the capability in sulfate reduction and Cu deposition. Characterization of isolates is required for the optimization of pure culture . The aim of this study is to isolate and characterize the biofilm sulfate reducing bacteria in the sulfate reduction bioreactor and the precipitation of Cu in Batch Culture by a consortium of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria. The method used in this study cultivation was done by using postgate B medium, isolation was done by diluting biofilm on NaCl salt, bacteria grown on NB and postgate B media, characterization done by morphology and biochemistry. There were 3 isolates of B1 (Metylobacterium ), B3 ( Desulfucoccus ), and B2 ( Desulfobacter ). B3 ( Desulfococcus) has the best ability to reduce sulfate and Cu precipitation.Keywords : Sulfur Reducing Bacteria (SRB), Biofilm, Sulfate, Cu. Received: 26 August, 2017; Accepter: 10 September, 2017
Parental engagement in children’s STEM education. Part II: Parental attitudes and motivation
Authors: Marotto Carlos C. F. , Milner-Bolotin Marina
Published: May 2018

This mixed-methods case study examines parental motivation for participation in a Canadian university-based STEM outreach event. Parents responded to a post-event questionnaire that was followed by individual interviews. The quantitative part revealed how and why parents engaged with their children’s STEM education. Surprisingly, neither university admission requirements nor STEM-related job opportunities were top motivating factors. The qualitative part indicated that some parents found it challenging to connect their children’s learning experience in school with the government-mandated curriculum or with their own experiences. Most interviewees were satisfied with their children’s STEM education and considered family support crucial in this process.
YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ KAYNAKLARINA YÖNELİK VERGİSEL TEŞVİKLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Ulusoy Ahmet , Bayraktar Daştan Ceyda
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı
yenilenebilir enerjide uygulanan vergisel teşviklerin seçilmiş ülke
uygulamaları ışığında değerlendirilmesidir. Literatüre dayalı ele alınan
çalışmada, ilk olarak yenilenebilir enerji ile ilgili teşvikler üzerinde
durulmuş, ardından yenilenebilir enerji teşvikleri açısından seçilmiş ülke
[Almanya, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), Çin, Japonya, İngiltere,
Hindistan, Norveç ve Avrupa Birliği (AB) genel] uygulamalarına ve Türkiye ile
karşılaştırılmasına yer verilmiştir. Potansiyel farklılık yanında teknolojik
imkân ve kabiliyetler ve ayrıca maliyet yapısındaki farklılıklardan ötürü
yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları için tek bir teşvik türü arzu edilen gelişimi
sağlayamamaktadır. Bunun için ülkeler, tek bir teşvik türü yerine birden fazla
teşvik ve destek türlerini birlikte kullanabilmektedir. Türkiye’nin ulusal
düzeyde yenilenebilir enerji hedefi olan ve bu hedefini revize eden bir ülke
olarak diğer ülkelerle benzer konumda olduğu ve tarife farklılığı ile birlikte
sabit fiyat garantisi uygulanmasında ABD ve Norveç hariç diğer ülkelerle
paralel şekilde ulusal düzeyde politika yürüttüğü ifade edilebilir. Bununla
birlikte, diğer ülkelerdeki yatırım ve üretim vergi teşvikleri gibi mali teşvik
kapsamında bulunan uygulamalara yer verilmesi Türkiye açısından faydalı
olabilir.
SURİYELİ GÖÇMEN SORUNLARININ, SOSYAL POLİTİKALAR BAĞLAMINDA ANALİZİ
Authors: Taş Hacı Yunus , Özcan Selami
Published: May 2018

Günümüzde dünyanın en
önemli sosyal problemlerinden biri göç ve göçmen sorunudur. Ortaya çıkma
nedenleri itibariyle yaygın olarak bilinen göç çeşitleri, temelde iki şekilde
olmaktadır. Birincisi isteğe bağlı göç, bu durum müspet göç olarak da
açıklanabilir. İkincisi ise zorunlu göçtür. Konumuzu ilgilendiren göç türü ise
zorunlu göçün çeşitlerinden olan savaş nedeniyle kişilerin yaşamış oldukları
sorunlar sonucunda memleketini, evini, tarlasını, işini, işyerini ve hatta
geçmişini terketmek zorunda kaldığı göç türüdür.  Türkiye’ ye 2011 yılında bugüne kadar
Suriye’den savaş nedeniyle gelen yaklaşık 3.550.000’ civarında göçmen
bulunmaktadır. Bunların 230.000’ne yakın bir kısmı çadır ve konteyner kentlerde
misafir edilirken, geriye kalan yaklaşık 3.320.000’ne yakın bir kısmı ise kendi
imkânları ile Türkiye deki 81 ilimize dağılmış şekilde yaşamlarını
sürdürmektedirler. Bu çalışmamızda ise bahsi geçen Suriyeli göçmenlerin
yaşadıkları yerlerde yaptığımı araştırma ve gözlemlerimiz neticesinde görebildiğimiz
sosyal alanlardaki sorunları ele alınacaktır. Elbette, birçok sorunları bulunan
göçmenlerin her meselesini bu çalışmada ele almak mümkün olmayacaktır. Ancak bu
çalışmada daha çok barınma, eğitim, sağlık ve istihdam sorunlarına dikkat
çekilecek olup, bu alandaki muhtemel sosyal politika araçları ile çözüm bulmaya
yönelik önerilerde bulunulacaktır.
Performance of landrace and improved rice varieties under the system of rice intensification management in Bajhang District of Nepal
Authors: Khadka Ram B , Acharya Hari P , Uphoff Norman
Published: May 2018

Participatory action research was conducted in Luinyata VDC of Bajhang district during main rice-growing season of 2012 to evaluate the effects of cultivation practices in rice varieties. The experiment was in factorial randomized complete block design, where two methods of cultivations: System of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional transplanting (CT) and 3 different varieties: Khumal-4, Thapachini and Hansaraj Basmati were evaluated. Data were collected on grain yield, number of tillers, panicle length and number of filled and unfilled grains per panicle. Results averaged across the three varieties showed significantly better crop performance with SRI practices: higher number of tillers per hill, panicles per hill, tillers per m2, panicles per m2, and grain yield. The values of these parameters comparing SRI with conventional practice were, respectively, 24.5 vs. 11.3, 21.5 vs. 9.5, 305 vs. 273, 273.5 vs. 233.8, and 7.6 vs. 4.46 tha-1. Among the varieties evaluated, the highest yield was achieved with the Thapachini (8.11tha-1) using SRI methods. Average yield increase across the three varieties with SRI practice was 70% compared CT. These results indicate the practical relevance of SRI principles for increasing rice production in mountainous regions of Nepal.
Perception and adaptation of the producers to the impacts of climate change in apple production: an assessment of Mustang District of Nepal
Authors: Khanal Uttam
Published: May 2018

A study was conducted to assess the perception of farmers, researchers and related stakeholders on the impacts of climate change in apple production in Mustang district of Nepal. Focus group discussion (FGD) and key informants interviews were organized to explore the major climate hazards, relationship of climate hazards to apple production, impacts of climate change and potential adaptation measures. Increased temperature, drying up of water resources, increased northern wind, high speed wind, less snowfall and prolonged droughts were found as the major climatic hazards in the district. Use of alternative and/or additional sources of irrigation water; use of low chilling, drought tolerant and early maturing varieties; adoption of efficient irrigation methods and conservation agriculture practices were identified as the important adaptation measures.
Effect of pollination on rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. var. Toria) production in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Pudasaini R , Thapa RB
Published: May 2018

Rapeseed is an important cash crop of Nepal and an experiment was conducted to study the effect of pollination on its production in Chitwan during 2012-2013. The experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block with four replications and five pollination treatments. The rapeseed plots were caged with mosquito nets at 10% flowering except natural pollination. Two-framed colonies of Apis mellifera L. and Apis cerana F. were introduced separately for pollination, and control plot caged without pollinators. Seed set increased by 48.72% with Apis cerana F. and 45.73% with Apis mellifera L. pollination as compared to the control. The highest seed yield was obtained from Apis cerana F. (1.11 mt/ha), followed by Apis mellifera L. (0.88 mt/ha), hand (0.75 mt/ha), natural pollination (0.66 mt/ha) and control (0.13 mt/ha), respectively. This study clearly indicated pollination deficit under natural condition, and therefore, management of honeybee is necessary for higher production and productivity of rapeseed under Chitwan condition.
Macrofungi from Siddababa Sacred Grove: West, Nepal
Authors: Aryal Hari P , Poudel Rajenda , Budathoki U
Published: May 2018

During the survey of wild edible mushrooms in between tropical and temperate belt of Nepal in rainy season 2010 -2012, many macro fungal species were collected and identified. The paper highlights on new record of Volvorella taylorii (Berk and Broome) Sing. The species was reported and re-described for the first time from Nepal. Along with, taxonomic description of the two species of Volvorella found in the same studied area, have also been provided. Phytogeographycally, the sample collected area lies within a narrow limit of 9.75 hectare at the altitude between 335 and 400 masl in tropical deciduous riverine forest. The dried specimens are housed in the Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH), Kirtipur Kathmandu, Nepal.
Assessment of unterraced and terraced farming system on livestock development in mid-hills of Nepal
Authors: Giri Gopal , Nepali Dainik B , Shrestha Bhola S
Published: May 2018

The unterraced farming (Pata) system which is being practiced in few districts of mid hills of Nepal was assessed in terms of livestock holding and livestock feed availability against the terraced farming system. Field study and household survey was conducted in Arghakhanchi (representing unterraced/Pata) and Tanahun (representing terraced) farming system by selecting 90 households (HHs) from each districts randomly. The study showed that there was only 1.89 Livestock Unit (LU)/HH in Arghakhanchi as compared to 2.64 LU/HH in Tanahun (p<0.01). Dry matter (DM) output per hectare rainfed upland in Tanahun was 6.09 Metric Ton (MT) whereas it was only 3.82 MT in Arghakhanchi (p<0.01). The farming system of Arghakhanchi has created livestock feed shortage, consequently has compelled farmers to raise least number of animals. Hence unterraced farming system of Arghakhanchi needs correction for better livelihood of people as well as improvement in environmental condition.
Review of sustainability of average Nepalese subsistence farm in mid-hills of Nepal
Authors: Chaulagai Tilak R
Published: May 2018

The main aim of this paper is to depict the sustainability condition of an average subsistence farm in the mid-hill condition of Nepal. For the purpose, a hypothetical farm representing the average condition of the farming system in the area is taken. The analysis is based on the secondary information. For the purpose, only few indicators for the sustainability are analysed including gross profit margin, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen balance. The results reflect that an average subsistence farm in the midhill of Nepal earn just NRs 79,449 per annum. The nitrogen balance was negative and nitrogen use efficiency was more than 100% reflecting the system was economically and environmentally unsustainable. The problem behind unsustainability of the system is basically related with poverty and increased population pressure on poorly fertile land. Only a joint venture of public and private sector can address the problem.
Orientation des traumatisés du membre supérieur (épaule exclue) dès l’accueil en radiologie par l’infirmière organisatrice : étude Ontario
Authors: Mintandjian A. , Mewasing B.I. , Valentian M. , Burggraff E. , Passot D. , Ray P.
Published: May 2018

Introduction: L’objectif principal de cette étude est de déterminer l’effet d’un protocole de demande anticipée de radiographies par l’infirmier organisateur de l’accueil (IOA) sur le temps de passage des patients au service d’accueil des urgences (SAU).

Patients et méthodes: Cette étude monocentrique prospective a été réalisée en deux phases : une phase-avant (de décembre 2016 à janvier 2017) et une phase-après (de mai à juin 2017), où les patients bénéficiaient d’une demande anticipée de radiographie dès l’IOA. Les patients de plus de 18 ans, valides, ayant consulté au SAU pour un traumatisme du membre supérieur (épaule exclue) de moins de 48 heures et présentant au moins deux critères parmi douleur, tuméfaction, déformation ou impotence fonctionnelle étaient inclus.

Résultats: Deux cent treize patients ont répondu aux critères d’inclusion : 112 en phase 1 et 101 en phase 2. Le temps médian de passage global a diminué de manière significative entre la phase 1 et la phase 2 (188 vs 124 min,p< 0,001) ainsi que le temps médian de prise en charge médicale (76 vs 17 min). Plus de 90 % des infirmiers diplômés d’État (IDE) et plus de 75 % des médecins estiment que le protocole a un intérêt pour diminuer le temps de passage. Un tiers des IDE considère que ce protocole entraîne une surcharge de travail pour l’IOA et une surprescription de radiographies.

Conclusion: Cette étude suggère que l’application d’un protocole de demande anticipée de radiographies par l’IOA chez les patients ayant un traumatisme du membre supérieur (épaule exclue) permet de réduire le temps de passage au SAU.
La « reviviscence » de l’histoire des Albigeois dans le conflit catholiques-protestants au xvi e siècle
Authors: Wang Wenjing
Published: May 2018

L’article décrit et analyse la réutilisation de l’histoire de la croisade albigeoise par les catholiques pour lutter contre le protestantisme. Celui-ci est qualifié d’hérésie dès ses débuts et est incorporé dans les catalogues d’hérésies, ce qui permet de le rattacher à des mouvements déjà condamnés. Dès 1547, mais surtout à partir de la fin des années 1550, l’attention est portée à la croisade albigeoise comme remède à la diffusion du protestantisme. Le parallèle s’accroît avec le tumulte d’Amboise et le début des guerres de religion. Les premières ligues, dans le sud-ouest et plus particulièrement à Toulouse, prennent le nom de « croisade », au moment où l’on publie des histoires de la croisade albigeoise. Le lien établi justifie de combattre les protestants par les armes.
L’État plurinational de Bolivie
Authors: Boulanger Philippe
Published: May 2018

L’État plurinational de Bolivie a été fondé en 2009 dans le cadre d’un long et conflictuel processus constituant entamé en 2006, à la suite de la victoire électorale d’Evo Morales en 2005. Il vise à valoriser les communautés autochtones au nom de la revanche sur la Colonie espagnole et la République, dite néolibérale et oligarchique. Son ambition plurinationale ne suffit pas à lever les ambiguïtés (refondation constitutionnelle limitée, centralité de la ritualité aymara dans le discours officiel, question de l’autonomie freinée par le centralisme gouvernemental) contenues dans le texte.
Incertitude et implication professionnelle lors de l'entrée au travail. L'exemple des nouveaux recrutés dans l'enseignement supérieurBrigitte Almudever
Authors: Croity-Belz Sandrine , Hajar Violette
Published: May 2018

La phase d'entrée dans une organisation de travail confronte les nouveaux recrutés à des incerti­tudes multiples, parmi lesquelles ; l'incertitude relative à la définition de leur rôle et aux exigences et attentes organisationnelles qui y sont attachées (ambiguïté de rôle) ; mais aussi l'incertitude liée aux décalages qu'ils perçoivent entre leurs attentes et la réalité professionnelle. L'objectif de la recherche est de présenter en quels termes la référence au modèle d'une socialisation plurielle et active — par différence avec d'autres modèles de la socialisation organisationnelle — conduit à poser la question des effets de l'incertitude sur l'implication professionnelle des nouveaux entrants.Sur une population de titulaires d'un doctorat de l'enseignement supérieur, récemment recrutés, a été testée l'hypothèse selon laquelle les effets de l'incertitude sur les modalités de l'implication professionnelle (niveau d'aspirations dans la sphère professionnelle et articulation de cette sphère aux autres domaines de vie), sont modulés par l'expérience antérieure des sujets au niveau de leur cursus (anciens allocataires de recherche versus non-allocataires). Les résultats montrent que l'expérience antérieure au sein d'une équipe de recherche n'a pas d'influence directe sur le niveau d'incertitude des sujets lors de leur entrée au travail mais oriente les modalités de leur implication professionnelle ; vers un moindre niveau d'aspirations dans la sphère professionnelle et vers une plus grande clôture de cette sphère par rapport aux autres domaines de vie. Cependant, en cas de forte incertitude, les anciens allocataires activent les échanges entre leurs différents domaines de vie et la sphère professionnelle, alors que les non-allocataires inhibent ces échanges et surinvestissent la sphère personnelle.
Public Sector Auditing and Corruption: A Literature Review
Authors: Assakaf Ebrahim Ahmed , Samsudin Rose Shamsiah , Othman Zaleha
Published: May 2018

The notion that auditing could reduce corruption has received considerable attention in both business and academia. The purpose of the current study is to explore the latest trends and gaps in the literature that investigate the link between corruption and public sector auditing. It is based on reviews of the academic literature and draws general conclusions on the status of the latest findings. The previous literature on corruption focused on economic and political perspectives. Although evidence suggests that public sector auditing helps to combat corruption, there is still a huge gap in the knowledge of this area, especially concerning the functional role of public sector auditing in corruption detection and deterrence in developing countries. Moreover, there is a scarcity of literature that explains in depth how audit types conducted by the Supreme Audit Institution (SAI) may contribute to a reduction in corruption, and which types of audit are more effective. There is also minimal in-depth sharing on the challenges that public sector auditing faces in detecting and preventing corruption.
Including Psychosocial Factors in Screening for Surgery: A Preliminary Literature Review from a Social Work Perspective
Authors: Cranstoun Kym Frances , Wright Rowanne Emma , Kuipers Pim
Published: May 2018

Introduction: The area of psychosocial screening for surgery holds considerable potential for social work practice, but to date there is little clarity regarding tools or roles.Methods: A practice-based scoping review was conducted by social workers to provide an overview of relevant issues. Articles were screened for alignment with the research question, as well as for quality and relevance. Of the 26 articles included, quality and relevance varied considerably.Results: The review summarised key psychosocial factors, screening issues, intervention issues and organisational aspects in the literature. It elucidated the importance of psychosocial factors in the acute hospital setting and specifically in the case of surgery. While the review found that there were many tools associated with psycho-social screening, there was no consensus as to which tool was most appropriate. There appeared to be little connection between tools and potential interventions, or indeed little consensus on suitable interventions.Conclusion: Reviewed articles suggested that appropriate psychosocial screening and intervention would result in considerable individual and systems benefits. This is an area that requires greater clarity and research investment from the social work profession.
Young EFL Learners’ Processing of Phrasal Verbs: An Experimental Approach
Authors: Liontou Trisevgeni
Published: May 2018

Research has shown that EFL learners face specific difficulties when processing phrasal verbs, mainly due to the fact that identical or similar expressions rarely exist in their mother tongue. Though some studies on second language acquisition have explored the development of figurative language competence and the strategies employed for the interpretation of phrasal verbs, limited research based information is available as regards the relationship between such a processing and learners' reading comprehension performance according to their level of English language competence. This paper reports on a one-year study that aimed at investigating the development of young learners’ reading competence in relation to comprehending phrasal verbs. A total of 50 young EFL students aged 9 to 12 years old took part in the study. The findings could provide practical guidance to EFL instructors, material developers and test designers with regard to the type of reading comprehension difficulties EFL learners face when exposed to phrasal verbs while learning English as a Foreign Language.
Teachers and Technology: Trends in English Language Teaching in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Soormro Abdul
Published: May 2018

Technology has impacted the learning approaches and vice-versa with an aim to improve the standards of language teaching/learning process. The present study focuses on teachers’ preferences and use of technology in their language classrooms. A survey was conducted to seek opinion of EFL teachers both male and female at the English language center on technology-related competencies. The survey comprised four domains: planning and preparation, classroom management, instruction, and professional responsibilities (Danielson, 2007).The questionnaire was distributed to 100 English language teachers (50 males and 50 females) at Taif University English Language Centre. The responses revealed that most of the teachers thought aware of the technology and its uses in education don’t integrate technology in their teaching at planning and preparation stage. They use the available technological gadget in the classroom to exploit some of the activities. They must use the university LMS for uploading certain activities and assessment otherwise they hesitate to design technology-based activities for English language learners. They and the students need training in integrating technology with teaching and learning process.
Parametric Adjustments by Children Acquiring Urdu Language
Authors: Khan Fouzia , Baloch Shanaz , Khan Mahwish
Published: May 2018

The present research lies in the field of language acquisition. Chomsky’s principles and parameters (1981, 1986) serve as the theoretical framework for this study. The research takes acquisition of Urdu as a case. The data for the study comprises of common recorded utterances produced by children between the ages of 24-30 months, acquiring Urdu language. The study explores the parametric settings and adjustments in these utterances. The results show that children remained consistent with non-null subject, head last principle while wh fronting was rarely observed in these utterances. Knowledge of the parametric settings can be helpful for the language teachers in predicting difficulties in second language acquisition. It offers a plausible solution to the logical problem of language acquisition.
Reification in Revolution 2020
Authors: Mehmood Sajid
Published: May 2018

This research study deals with the in-depth meanings of reification and their relevancy with the text of the novel Revolution 2020 written by Chetan Bhagat. Reification is a common perception and a specific ideology of people living in a capitalist society. It hides some facts and propagates some deceptive ideas in the society. The study of reification exposes the essence of social reality. It reveals how various aspects of capitalism seem natural and general with human beings. It is a methodical strategy to understand the mind and action of the people. Along with the further analytical examination of reification, this study explores the thoughts, feelings and actions of the people in the novel. The interactions of the characters have been explored with reference to reification. Analysing reification deeply, I have investigated the nature of prevalent assumptions and their relationship with human interaction. The illusionary elements of capitalist society portrayed in the novel have been analysed. Textual analysis is the appropriate research method for this study.
Phrases Constituting Periodic Sentences of Samuel Johnson: A Case of the Rambler
Authors: Ogura Masaaki
Published: May 2018

The editorial board announced that this article has been retracted on May 16, 2018. If you have any further question, please contact us at: ijel@ccsenet.org
‘Vergeet Mij Niet’
Authors: Henskens Renée , Wondergem Bernd , Mooij Jolanda , van Zon Christel , Schoutens Lisette
Published: May 2018

‘Don’t you forget about me’: how quarreling parents in a virtual environment influence the emotions of offenders of domestic violence.

In 2017 the Probation Service carried out a pilot with the virtual reality (VR)-simulation ‘Don’t you Forget about Me’. In total 13 offenders of domestic violence experienced as a 7-Year old boy a serious fight between parents. The simulation was part of the cognitive behavioral intervention BORG. Four groups underwent the simulation in Amsterdam and Rotterdam. It was assumed that this experience would lead to more empathy, awareness, and self-reflection.

As the results showed, the simulation seemed suitable in BORG. Most of the participants were very positive about it. The fighting parents had a huge effect on them. Self-reported questionnaires administered after he simulation showed a better self-reflection on the behavior of the participants, more sympathy with the feelings of their children and (ex)-partner, and more insight into the damaging effects of the violence. The simulation appeared to be a powerfull device: it made a deep emotional connection, which enabled to create more empathy.
MCPIP1 – an important RNase controlling intracellular RNA pool
Authors: Pydyn Natalia , Miękus Katarzyna , Kotlinowski Jerzy
Published: May 2018

Post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA pool is a key process coordinating the proper functioning of cells. This tight control of RNA molecules allows cells to quickly adapt to environmental conditions without the activation of translation. Degradation of RNA is one of the important mechanisms regulating RNA homeostasis.
One of the protein involved in this process is a RNase called MCPIP1, whose function was described in 2009. The enzymatic activity of MCPIP1 is tightly linked to the zinc finger domain responsible for RNA binding and a catalytic domain that participates in endonucleolytic digestion of RNA molecules. MCPIP1 recognizes and cleaves a wide array of substrates, both endogenous mRNA, miRNA, and RNA viruses. Although MCPIP1 structure has not yet been resolved, it is known how an active center is formed and what motives in the RNA sequence are recognized and digested. MCPIP1 recognizes and cleaves RNA within the hairpin structure.
Broad spectrum of MCPIP1 substrates makes this protein an important regulator of many biological
processes such as inflammation, cell differentiation, tumor growth or viral infections. In
this review we describe a structure, properties and biological function of RNase called MCPIP1.
SANÇÕES JURÍDICAS NA ESTRUTURA DE INCENTIVOS DOS AGENTES ECONÔMICOS EM PROL DA TUTELA AMBIENTAL
Authors: Tabak Benjamin Miranda , Melatti André Vinicius
Published: May 2018

O artigo propõe analisar as principais sanções jurídicas a que estão sujeitos os agentes econômicos que degradam o meio ambiente do trabalho e como elas influenciam a estrutura de incentivos na adoção de condutas que tenham como finalidade proteger a vida, saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores. Aborda os institutos de responsabilidade civil que incidem na área ambiental trabalhista, destacando a jurisprudência de Tribunais Superiores sobre a matéria e, com amparo em instrumentais fornecidos pela Análise Econômica do Direito, analisa a eficiência de multas cominatórias fixadas em Termos de Ajuste de Conduta firmados com o Ministério Público do Trabalho. Desenvolve a hipótese de necessidade de sustentabilidade dos empreendimentos econômicos, de maneira a evitar externalidades negativas que afetem a dimensão socioambiental da dignidade humana do trabalhador e custos com pagamento de indenizações e multas cominatórias decorrentes de dano ao meio ambiente laboral.
ACESSIBILIDADE COMO UM DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL: UMA ANÁLISE À LUZ DAS LEIS FEDERAIS BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Pimentel Mariana Couto , Pimentel Susana Couto
Published: May 2018

Esta investigação objetiva analisar como a acessibilidade da pessoa com deficiência é assegurada no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro infraconstitucional como um direito fundamental. No Brasil, a Constituição de 1988 traz uma gama de direitos fundamentais para que os indivíduos sejam respeitados como pessoas na sociedade, limitando o poder do Estado. Entretanto, as pessoas com deficiência historicamente têm sido privadas de muitos direitos frente a uma sociedade não acessível e excludente. A metodologia deste trabalho é a pesquisa bibliográfica, de cunho exploratório, tomando as normas jurídicas brasileiras como referência de análise. Os resultados evidenciam leis infraconstitucionais que tratam da acessibilidade de modo intimamente relacionado com três dos principais direitos fundamentais: à vida, à liberdade e à igualdade. Conclui-se que, apesar de não estar explicitamente elencada na Carta Magna, a acessibilidade é um direito fundamental, pois garante a dignidade da pessoa com deficiência.
CAPTURADOS PELA INCERTEZA: AS LIÇÕES DO CASO DA “PÍLULA DO CÂNCER” PARA A PRECAUÇÃO
Authors: Renk Arlene Anélia , Jung Patricia
Published: May 2018

A fosfoetanolamina sintética, conhecida popularmente como “pílula do câncer” se torna um capo de análise empírica pelas controvérsias sobre a liberação desta substância como medicamento. Frente a incerteza científica sobre sua eficácia e segurança vários foram os posicionamentos tomados, ora irregularmente distribuída, ora questionada judicialmente, ora liberada por lei e novamente suspensa. Em cenários de incerteza como este, que desembocam na ciência do Direito, o princípio da precaução ampara o processo decisório.  Diante disso, se objetiva compreender as implicações da falta de governança sobre a precaução, e como o caso da substância em apreço corrobora para evidenciar esse cenário. A via metodológica adotada é a da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental conjugada com o estudo de caso, através de análise de conteúdo. Neste percurso, se verificou o quão ambígua e conturbada a arena decisória pode se revelar sem que haja o estabelecimento de parâmetros precaucionais orientados por um processo de governança.
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
Authors: Gordilho Heron José de Santana , Bahia Saulo José Casali
Published: May 2018

O artigo parte do fato de que a produção de gado está gerando grandes quantidades de emissões de gases de efeito estufa, colocando o setor no cerne do debate sobre as mudanças climáticas e o aquecimento global. Com emissões de CO2 (e equivalentes) na ordem de 7.1 gigatonnes por ano, a Pecuária representa 14,5% das emissões mundiais de Gases de Efeito Estufa de atividades antrópicas. A redução do consumo de carne, a melhoria da produtividade e a redução dos riscos são apresentados como uma estratégia de prevenção de danos. Os mecanismos brasileiros adotados no Brasil fazem parte da solução. A partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, o artigo pretende demonstrar que medidas necessárias para evitar o desastre ambiental exigem um compromisso ético pós-humanista e uma Estratégia Global para além dos individualismos e dos nacionalismos.