bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Arabic Language in Contrast to English and Italian: Future Tense Revisited
Authors: Al-Oliemat Ahmed , Al-Saikhan Amal , Al-Khawalda Mohammad
Published: March 2018

This study investigates the nature of the future tense in Arabic language in contrast to English and Italian languages. A major question to be answered is whether Arabic language as well as English and Italian have a real future tense.The methodology employed is based on contrastive linguistics theory which includes a full description of the expression of futurity in the languages under investigation, followed by a morpho-syntactic analysis of the forms used to express futurity. The data were obtained from three different, but rather similar in nature, sources. These include the prime ministers' speeches to the house of parliament in the case of Italian and Arabic languages (along with a description, frequency and percentages of the future forms used in the holy Quran) ; and a three hour recording of an American series ( Acapulco bay) translated into Arabic.The results show that there are similarities ( though belonging to different language families) and differences among these languages in terms of their expression of futurity. Further, they show that Italian and Arabic languages do have real future tense unlike English which does not have a morphologically marked forms to express futurity.
Research Tendencies in Translation and Interpreting Studies and Intercultural Communication
Authors: Valero-Garcés Carmen
Published: March 2018

The rise of globalization, the strengthening of multicultural societies, the abolishment of borders, technological advances, social networks, and the increasing political power of economic forces are all unmistakable occurrences that are characteristic of the 21st century. Communication within these multilingual societies comes across new developments and challenges that inevitably modify each type of intervention. All these issues are subjects of growing interest within the scope of research and training in Translation and Interpreting Studies and intercultural communication. This article focuses on some of these issues. First, the author will briefly write about some overarching themes in Translation and Interpreting Studies (T&IS). This will be followed by an overview of the influence of some disciplines. After that, some tendencies in research methods used in T&IS will be explore. Finally, an example of crossing domains in research and practice in T&IS in the 21st century will be presented taking as an example the Master Thesis from the MA in Intercultural Communication, Public Service Interpreting and Translation (Chinese- Spanish) offered at the University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
Presentness and Presence in Gestalt Therapy
Authors: Cohen Alan
Published: March 2018

Presence has become a focus of much recent writing in the field of psychotherapy, and in Gestalt therapy in particular. But much of the writing is vague regarding exactly to what “presence” refers. It is the author's impression that there is confusion between two different experiences: presentness and presence; the difference between these experiences will be described in this short piece.
Literary Justice vs. Justice in Literature
Authors: Nadel Ira
Published: March 2018

What is the role and representation of justice in modern literature? This is the question addressed in the essay, which examines work by David Mamet, William Faulkner, and William Styron, as well as Dostoevsky and Kafka, while considering issues of testimony, confession, and evidence. It argues that injustice, not justice, dominates the legal literary landscape and that language itself explains this emphasis plus the direct experiences of authors with the law. Additional topics include matters of suppression, publisher's rights, and law's control over the legitimizing power over narrative. Drawing from J. L. Austin, Richard Rorty, and Peter Brooks, the contested state of justice is shown to be repeatedly undermined by the challenges of genre as much as character.
Kant, Schopenhauer, Saul Bellow: Duty in The Victim
Authors: Singh Sukhbir
Published: March 2018

Saul Bellow formulated his idea of duty under the influence of Kant and Schopenhauer. He introduced it first in his second novel, The Victim (1947), and later fully developed it in his seventh novel, Mr. Sammler's Planet (1970). This article examines Leventhal's principle of duty in the light of Kant's in The Critique of Pure Reason and Schopenhauer's in The World as Will and Idea. The Victim deals with the issue of Jewish assimilation in mainstream American life in the post-Holocaust period. Bellow considers the matter in a reverse order with a view to castigate both Jews and Gentiles for their chronic misapprehensions about each other. In the novel, a Jew, Asa Leventhal, behaves like a Gentile (victimizer) and a Gentile, Kirby Allbee, like a Jew (victim). Leventhal is blood conscious and therefore he dutifully helps his blood relatives. Allbee insists that Leventhal help him as a matter of his moral duty to a human being in distress. After their repeated encounters, Leventhal sheds his blood biased view of duty and becomes conscious of the Kantian/ Schopenhaurean “dispassionate” principle of duty under the “objective moral law.”
Is a Dramatic Bakhtiyār-nāme Possible? Sketch of a Social Systems Theoretical Adaptation Methodology
Authors: Farshi Golnaz Sarkar
Published: March 2018

The abundant literature on adaptation theories and methods stop short of offering an abstract model which suits adaptation across all different literary modes and genres. Instead, they mostly cover the adaptation of one communication system to another, for example, literature to film. To close this gap, I rely on Niklas Luhmann's social systems theory and his communication model as well as notions of medium and form. Coupling his theory with the literary theories of Northrop Frye and Mikhail Bakhtin, I not only revive these theories in a new context, but also propose a method for literary adaptation that serves adapting across different modes and genres within the subsystem of literature. To render this theory and its applicability more vividly, I introduce how I applied it to a thirteenth-century Persian-language romance, namely Bakhtiyār-nāme, to adapt it to drama. In doing so, I demonstrate how my suggested methodology serves to determine the mode and genre of the original work as well as those of the adapted work by spotting certain adaptation potentials within the original. These include silenced voices and contradictions that make way for a deconstructive re-reading of it in the form of an adapted work of literature.
Subject Comprehension and Critical Thinking: An Intervention for Subject Comprehension and Critical Thinking in Mixed-Academic-Ability University Students
Authors: Bellaera Lauren , Debney Lauren , Baker Sara T.
Published: March 2018

Subject comprehension and critical thinking are both key goals of higher education. However, while the former is, on the whole, successfully cultivated in undergraduate students, the latter is not. Few empirical studies have investigated the relationship between subject comprehension and critical thinking. In the present article we suggest that supporting the development of subject comprehension is not at odds with developing critical thinking. In fact, we argue that subject comprehension plays a key role in developing critical-thinking skills. Using an experimental design, we demonstrate differing effects of an intervention on subject comprehension, subject-specific critical thinking, and general critical thinking as a function of students' academic background. We discuss the implications of our results for teaching in higher education.
Post-sapiens: Notes on the Politics of Future Human Terminology
Authors: Gray Chris Hables
Published: March 2018

The proliferation of terms used to talk about the near human future has not been matched by a growing precision in their use. This has led to a human identity crisis. The origins and politics of some key terms (human, Homo sapiens sapiens, posthuman, transhuman, robot, drone, and cyborg) and how these factors impact their usefulness are discussed and critiqued. Evolutionary biology is the starting place for a clear criterion for choosing our terminology. Biological categories not only are based on scientific principles, but also highlight the importance, and political power, of evolutionary thinking. Science fiction offers some examples of how we might name the evolutionary descendants of today’s humans as well. Finally, a new term, post-sapiens, is proposed and its value in understanding the transition from natural and artificial selection to participatory selection driving the evolution of humans is highlighted. The key issue is agency. Will we govern our own evolution, or is it something that will be done to us?
Utopian Bodies and Anti-fashion Futures: The Dress Theories and Practices of English Interwar Nudists
Authors: Pollen Annebella
Published: March 2018

Nudism has been largely overlooked as a means for exploring utopian ideas about bodies and dress, yet the first decade of organized nudism in England demonstrates idealistic beliefs in the powers of disrobing. Those who reject clothes think deeply about dress, and nudist practitioners in the 1920s and 1930s produced distinctive and sometimes sophisticated theories of fashion and its discontents. At this time “social nudism” was a new and minority pursuit that was garnering significant public interest, not least among intellectuals who promoted the practice as a solution to postwar cultural crisis. In the clamor for public respectability, however, visionaries were offset by moderates; disputes thus provide insight into the meanings and uses of dress and undress. As a forward-looking theory and a lived experience, English interwar nudism was simultaneously a product of its particular place and time and a fashioning of a future that has yet to arrive.
Imagining a Future of Sonic Fashion
Authors: Stasiulyte Vidmina
Published: March 2018

Although sound, touch, and smell are elements of clothing, the visual sense is predominant in fashion and fashion education, and fashion is essentially understood as a system of visual components. As an alternative to this dominant focus on visuality, fashion could be explored as a sound based interaction between body and dress.This artistic statement invites readers to rethink fashion as a visual culture and opens up a nonvisual perspective on fashion design aesthetics in regards to a sonic identity. The Soundtopia—a scenario of five possibilities for future sonic fashion and behavior—is presented as a new direction for alternative forms of design thinking through sound.
In vitro evaluation of the safety and probiotic and technological potential of Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from sheep milk
Authors: Fernandes Mayara Leal , Perin Luana Martins , Todorov Svetoslav Dimitrov , Nero Luís Augusto , Alencar Ernandes Rodrigues de , Ferreira Márcia De Aguiar
Published: March 2018

Six isolates (Ac1Pd, Ac3Pd, Ac4Pd, Ac5Pd, Ac7Pd, and Ac22Pd) of Pediococcus pentosaceus from sheep milk were tested for safety and for probiotic and technological potential. The results showed that none of the isolates were able to produce biogenic amines or virulence factors. The isolates tested showed low hydrophobicities, high auto-aggregation capacities and co-aggregation with L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644, L. sakei ATCC 15521 and E. faecalis ATCC 19444, but none produced ?-galactosidase and bacteriocins. The isolates did not show growth at pH values 3 and 12, while in a pH range from 4 to 10 the growth was variable. In the absence of bile, all the isolates showed growth, with suppression at bile concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.0%. In the disc-diffusion test, the isolates tested were resistant to oxacillin, sulfatrimethoprim and vancomycin but were sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. The isolates showed variable responses to penicillin G and were resistant to most of the drugs tested, except for amoxicillin trihydrate and ibuprofen. All cultures showed a high milk-acidification capacity after 24 hours and none produced exopolysaccharides. The isolates of P. pentosaceus were able to produce diacetyl; however, no culture showed extracellular proteolytic activity and the autolysis varied from 21.3% to 30.5% after 24 h. The isolates grew at NaCl concentrations of 4.0 and 6.0%, but the growth was lower at 10.0%. Finally, all the isolates were found to be safe but had limited application as probiotics and in some technological uses.
Isolation and identification of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle slaughtered from an abattoir in Garanhuns, Pernambuco
Authors: Silva Stephanie Caroline Gueiros , Alves Amanda De Deus Ferreira , Almeida Tássio José de Oliveira , Sá Pamella Christhine Lins de , Souza Filho Antonio Franciso de , Cárdenas Nicolás Céspedes , Ferreira Neto José Soares , Heinemann Marcos Bryan , Azevedo Sérgio Santos de , Torres Márcia Bersane Araujo de Medeiros
Published: March 2018

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (CMT), members including M. bovis. The sanitary inspection in slaughterhouses has a great importance on public health for the removal of contaminated meat with pathological lesions. Cattle slaughtered in the abattoir of Garanhuns were subjected to macroscopic, histological, bacteriological, and molecular analyses. Lung inspection revealed gross lesions suggestive of tuberculosis. The characterization of tuberculous granulomas was performed by histopathology and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The identification of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was performed on smears with fresh material and histological staining using Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Bacteriological diagnosis was carried out using Stonebrink and Lowenstein-Jensen media, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed from the DNA extracted from colonies for the identification of Mycobacterium spp. We found that 1% (32/3,.180) of the collected lungs showed lesions suggestive of tuberculosis. Histopathological analysis revealed that 65.62% (21/32) samples had granulomatous pneumonia. AFB was detected in 46.88% (15/32) smears and 4.16% (1/24) histological sections, as analyzed by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Moreover, 68.75% (22/32) samples showed bacterial growth and molecular identification 90% (18/20) of the samples were positive for M. bovis and 10% (2/20) for Mycobacterium sp. Thus, microbiological culture and PCR analyses revealed the high rate of bovine tuberculosis in this region, indicative of the need to disclose these results in the interest of public health. Consequently, we emphasize the need for an accurate macroscopic evaluation of lesions suggestive of bovine tuberculosis.
Salmonella Enteritidis detection and immunological cellular response to experimental inoculation in day-old turkeys
Authors: Santana Eliete Souza , Bastos Thiago Souza Azeredo , Stringhini José Henrique , Porto Regiane Nascimento Gagno , Santana Robson Rodrigues , Madrid Darling Melany De Carvalho , Andrade Maria Auxiliadora
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this research is to clarify aspects of the pathogenesis of Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally inoculated day-old turkeys. Three treatments were conducted among a total of 120 turkeys; one control group and two treatment groups in which 6 x 102 CFU mL-1 and 7 x 105 CFU mL-1, respectively, of Salmonella Enteritidis was inoculated in the crops. Two birds from each treatment were sacrificed and necropsied at 1, 3, 4, 12, 18, and 24 hours, and 3, 4, 38, and 49 days post-inoculation. We re-isolated Salmonella, measured lymphocytes, and conducted immunohistochemical tests. Six hours post-inoculation, Salmonella was found in the investigated organs (yolk sac, cecum, fragments of spleen, and bursa of Fabricius) with conventional bacteriology and immunohistochemistry, and was continuously detected in almost all analyzed organs until turkeys were four-days old. Further, Salmonella was detected after 38 days in cecum, when the concentration 7 x 105 CFU mL-1 was given. At both inoculation concentrations, the number of lymphocytes was similar; larger quantities were found in the first hour post-inoculation, followed by a gradual reduction, reaching the lowest levels at 24 hours after inoculation. Afterwards, lymphocytes increased discreetly, remaining at the same level until 49 days after inoculation. In conclusion, inoculation concentration influences mitigation, dissemination, elimination, and persistence of this pathogen in turkeys. Lower concentrations promote less invasion as well as lower cell stain and lower lymphocyte count.
Energy and protein requirements during the growing phase of indigenous goats
Authors: Resende Kléber Tomás , Ribeiro Silvio Doria de Almeida , Almeida Amélia Katiane de , Rodrigues Marcelo Teixeira , Garcia José Américo , Teixeira Izabelle Auxiliadora Molina de Almeida
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to investigate both energy and protein requirements for the maintenance and growth of indigenous goats, based on data from two separate studies. Goats were weaned at 79 ± 4.4 days of age, with milk and solid diet intake recorded daily. To determine energy maintenance requirements, 32 kids of 4.90 ± 0.302 kg initial body weight (BW) were used. Ten kids were slaughtered at 5.40 ± 0.484 kg BW to estimate initial body composition, with the remaining kids randomly assigned to one of two DM intake levels: ad libitum and restricted-fed (1.2-times maintenance level). Heat production (HP) was calculated as the difference between ingested metabolizable energy (MEI) and retained energy. Net energy requirement for maintenance (NEm) was estimated as the ?0 parameter of the relationship between HP and MEI [HP = ?0 × exp (?1 × MEI)]. Metabolizable energy required for maintenance (MEm) was calculated iteratively, as HP = MEI. Efficiency of energy utilization for maintenance (km) was calculated as NEm/MEm. The intercept of the linear regression of retained CP on CP intake was used to calculate net protein requirements for maintenance (NPm). Net energy and protein requirement for gain (NEg and NPg, respectively) were obtained using 26 kids fed ad libitum and randomly slaughtered at 5.40 ± 0.484 kg BW (n = 10), 15.8 ± 0.655 kg BW (n = 10), and 26.3 ± 1.27 kg BW (n = 6). The first derivative of the allometric equation (used to calculate energy and protein contents in empty body weight (EBW)) with respect to EBW yielded estimates of NEg and NPg. A Monte Carlo-based method was employed to simulate variation in MEm, NEg, and NPg. This study indicated that the net energy required for maintenance is 310.1 ± 36.7 kJ kg-0.75 EBW, with MEm estimated at 499.1 ± 52.1 kJ kg-0.75 EBW and km equal to 0.62. This study indicated that 1.246 g CP kg-0.75 EBW is required by indigenous kids weighing from 5 to 25 kg BW to meet their NPm. In addition, indigenous goats require between 186.6 ± 2.97 and 214.3 ± 12.9 g CP, and between 5.39 ± 1.49 and 9.74 ± 2.57 MJ to gain one kilogram of EBW. This study may contribute to future adjustments in feeding system energy and protein recommendations for indigenous kids.
Effect of monensin sodium associative to virginiamycin and/or essential oils on the performance of feedlot finished steers
Authors: Heker Junior Julio Cezar , Neumann Mikael , Ueno Robson Kyoshi , Falbo Margarete Kimie , Galbeiro Sandra , Souza André Martins de , Venancio Bruno José , Santos Leslei Caroline , Askel Eloize Jaqueline
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the associative effect of monensin sodium to virginiamycin and/or essential oils on performance, consumption of nutrients and dry matter, apparent digestibility, feeding behavior and carcass characteristics of feedlot finished steers. The experiment lasted 106 days with 10 days of adaptation and 96-day trial, and had 32 crosses angus steers, average age 12 months and average weight of 376 kg, divided into 16 stalls, the weighing took place every 21 days and at the end of the experiment. The treatments consisted of the combination of the following additives to the diet included: Monensin sodium, 200 mg day-1 (MO); Monensin sodium, a dose of 200 mg day-1 + essential oil dose of 1.5g day-1 (MO+EO); Monensin sodium, a dose of 200 mg day-1 + virginiamycin, 200 mg day-1 (MO+VI); Monensin sodium, 200 mg day-1 + essential oil dose of 1.5g day-1 + virginiamycin day, 200 mg day-1 (MO+EO+VI), each treatment had four repetitions, where each repetitions consisted of a bay with two animals. The MO+VI association in relation to MO only increase in average daily gain (ADG) of 24.44%, 22.35%, 21.10% and 17.31% in weighing 42, 63, 84 and 96 days, similar the combination of MO+EO+VI which provided an improvement of 21.94%, 13.59%, 15.45% and 14.75% respectively in the same weightings. The daily carcass gain and carcass overall gain were higher in associations MO+VI and MO+EO+VI and provided an average gain of 16.67 kg more compared to MO and MO+EO. In the parameters feed efficiency, dry matter intake and nutrient expressed in kg day-1 and percentage of live weight were not observed differences (P > 0.05) between treatments. Data on apparent digestibility, feeding behavior and carcass characteristics did not show statistical difference between treatment, except for fat thickness which was higher when associated with any of the additives to the MO, and farm weight was higher in associations containing VI. Associating MO+VI or MO+EO+VI proved to be best in this work compared to MO+EO or only MO in the diets of steers in termination.
Ratio of digestible lysine to arginine in Japanese laying quails
Authors: Maurício Thamírys Vianelli , Vargas Junior José Geraldo de , Souza Matheus Faria de , Ferrreira Bibliana Da Costa , Nunes Ricardo Vianna , Vieites Flávio Medeiros
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the existence of an interaction between lysine and arginine, and to determine their optimal ratio in the diets of Japanese laying quails. We used 480 quails with an initial mean weight of 180 g at 140 days of age. The quails were distributed in the experimental units in a completely randomized (3 × 2) factorial design, with three levels of digestible lysine (1.083, 1.183, 1.283%) and two levels of digestible arginine (1.472 and 1.580%). There were six treatments, with 10 replicates each, for a total of 60 experimental units. Rations, leftovers, and dead animals were weighed in order to calculate and adjust performance parameters. The variables analyzed were: daily diet consumption (DDC), laying rate (LR), average egg weight (AEW), egg mass (EM), feed conversion per egg mass and dozen eggs (FCEM and FCDE, respectively), weights of yolk, eggshell, and albumen (YW, ESW, and AW, respectively), relative yolk, eggshell, and albumen weights (RYW, RESW, and RAW, respectively), Haugh unit (HU), and marketable egg percentage (ME). There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between the levels of digestible lysine and arginine on the parameters analyzed; independently, these parameters were not affected by lysine and arginine levels. In conclusion, the optimal ratio of lysine and arginine in the diet of laying quails was 1.36: 1.00, which was the lowest used in the present study.
Impact of pervious pavement in urban areas on catchment basin recovery
Authors: Santos Cristiano De Assumpção , Frigo Elisandro Pires , Frigo Késia Damaris de Azevedo , Eckert Caroline Thaís , Dieter Jonathan , Alves Helton José , Tokura Luciene Kazue , Santos Reginaldo Ferreira
Published: March 2018

Urbanization and disorderly occupation of urban areas have created several environmental problems, such as floods. Among the main causes of these problems is soil sealing associated with urban sprawl. Impervious surfaces provide less precipitation to recharge catchment basins by diverting water that should be restored in that region to other basins. This study compares two existing paving systems: concrete pavers with permeable joints and porous concrete pavers. Our objective was to learn which system better promotes the recovery of catchment basins and, consequently, mitigate problems caused by increasing surface runoff in urban areas. In order to reach the results, precipitations were simulated using lysimeters and a rainfall simulation infiltrometer at rainfall rates of 45, 60, and 90 mm h-1. The analyzed paving systems represented characteristics of public sidewalks. This experiment indicates that porous concrete pavers (99.86%) and concrete pavers (99.59%) present mean infiltration similar to that of grass cover (100%) and thereby can promote water infiltration into soil and the recovery of catchment basins in urban areas.
Primer design for complete sequencing of the Avastrovirus ORF2 gene
Authors: Espinoza Luis Ramiro Luna , Rodrigues Beserra Laila Andreia , Soares Rodrigo Martins , Gregori Fabio
Published: March 2018

Avastrovirus infection is associated with enteric disease, nephritis, and hepatitis in birds. In this study, we present a protocol for the complete sequencing of the ORF2 gene of avian nephritis virus (ANV), chicken astrovirus (CAstV), and turkey astrovirus type 1 (TAstV-1) using a conventional Sanger technique. Previously and newly designed primer pairs targeting both the conserved flanking and internal regions of the ORF2 gene of these three viruses were used. The information derived from the astroviral sequences obtained in this study is fundamental for characterizing this virus and providing data regarding several aspects of disease epidemiology and prevention.
Natural partners: a didactic proposal to understand the relevance of the mutualistic flower-pollinator interaction
Authors: Baranzelli Matias Cristian , Boero Maria Lourdes , Córdoba Silvina Alejandra , Ferreiro Gabriela , Maubecin Constanza , Paiaro Valeria , Renny Mauricio , Rocamundi Nicolas , Sazatornil Federico , Sosa Pivatto María , Soteras Florencia
Published: March 2018

Pollination by animals is a key process involved in flowering plants reproduction. In the educational context, this topic is rarely addressed from the plant-pollinator interaction point of view, and its importance is poorly recognized by the students. Here we present a didactic proposal developed to address the sexual reproduction in plants, based on the plant-pollinator mutualistic association. The sequence of activities developed includes the display of a video, observation and handling of flowers and fruits, as well as play activities where the pollination process and the correspondence between certain flower traits and pollinators are represented. The set of questions applied suggests a change or improvement in students knowledge about the contents after the activities.
El conocimiento de la modelación matemática desde la reflexión en la formación inicial de profesores de matemática
Authors: Huincahue Arcos Jaime , Borromeo-Ferri Rita , Mena-Lorca Jaime Juan Fernando
Published: March 2018

La introducción de la modelación matemática en el currículo de enseñanza media chileno, hace ya una decena de años, ha relevado la necesidad de estudios relativos a las prácticas de su enseñanza en la formación inicial de profesores en el país. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de una investigación que utiliza el marco conocimiento especializado del profesor de matemáticas (MTSK, por sus siglas en inglés) para analizar los conocimientos y la reflexión sobre modelación puestos en juego por estudiantes en formación inicial durante un ciclo de 14 sesiones de 90 minutos cada una. Los resultados muestran un progreso en el conocimiento matemático y en el conocimiento pedagógico del contenido. El trabajo discute posibles maneras de establecer modelos de enseñanza de la modelación y un momento propicio para hacer uso de una propuesta sobre la materia.
Los niños y las niñas de infantil piensan, actúan y hablan sobre el comportamiento del aire y del agua
Authors: Mazas Beatriz , Gil-Quílez Mª José , Martínez-Peña Begoña , Hervás Amparo , Muñoz Alicia
Published: March 2018

En este trabajo se plantea la construcción de modelos sobre temas de ciencias por parte del alumnado de educación infantil. Se presentan dos actividades cuya finalidad es ayudarlo a construir modelos sobre el aire y el agua, iniciando así el desarrollo del pensamiento sistémico. Los niños y las niñas, a partir de las observaciones y mediante las preguntas planteadas, tratan de explicar las propiedades y las características del medio que les rodea. A pesar de las expectativas iniciales, trabajando de esta manera se ha conseguido la construcción de modelos parciales de los fenómenos que observan mediante la verificación de algunas de sus hipótesis de partida. En definitiva, se puede afirmar que desde estas primeras etapas educativas es posible trabajar ideas de la ciencia a partir de proyectos que surgen de la observación de su entorno.
Efeitos do método pareado agonista-antagonista utilizando séries múltiplas sobre o desempenho de repetições máximas para membros inferiores
Authors: Corrêa Marcio Gonçalves , Carvalho Éder Rodrigues , Borges Eladio Nascimento , Oliveira Euzébio De , Farias Déborah De Araújo
Published: March 2018

Introduo: O mtodo pareado agonista-antagonista (PAA) consiste em estimular previamente a musculatura antagonista do grupo muscular que se deseja otimizar, aumentando a ativao neural e fora dos msculos agonistas. Objetivo: Comparar o mtodo tradicional vs PAA sobre o trabalho total (TT) e volume de treinamento (VT) no exerccio cadeira extensora (CE). Mtodos: Doze mulheres treinadas realizaram dois protocolos experimentais randomizados: mtodo tradicional - quatro sries da CE at a falha concntrica; mtodo PAA: quatro sries de mesa flexora (MF) + CE at a falha concntrica. Foi dado um intervalo de 30 segundos entre os dois exerccios. Resultados: Pde-se observar diferena significativa tanto no TT como VT, para o mtodo PAA quando comparado ao tradicional. Concluso: Sugere-se assim que o mtodo PAA apresenta-se como melhor estratgia para otimizao do desempenho de repeties mximas se comparado ao mtodo tradicional, alm de apresentar possibilidade de reduo no tempo despendido para o treinamento.
Efeito da mobilização das raízes nervosas lombares sobre a força e flexibilidade dos músculos do membro inferior
Authors: Arêas Fernando Zanela da Silva , Pelai Elisa Bizetti , Pires Paulo Fernandes , Bortolazzo Gustavo Luiz , Rodrigues Bruno Mascella , Bigaton Delaine Rodrigues
Published: March 2018

Introduo: A mobilizao neural bastante aplicada na pratica clnica. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito da mobilizao neural das razes lombares na fora e flexibilidade dos msculos flexores e extensores do joelho. Mtodos: Foram selecionados 14 homens (22,42,87 anos) saudveis. A flexibilidade foi avaliada para flexo de joelho (FJD e FJE), extenso de quadril (EQD e EQE) e coluna lombar (FL). A fora muscular foi avaliada para flexo e extenso do joelho. As avaliaes foram realizadas antes da tcnica (PR), imediatamente aps (PS1) e uma semana aps (PS2). Resultados: Nas avaliaes PS1 e PS2 foi observado aumento significativo da fora muscular na FJE. Para a flexibilidade, na avaliao PS1, observou-se aumento significativo na FJE, EQD e EQE. Concluso: A tcnica de mobilizao neural promoveu aumento da fora dos msculos flexores de joelho esquerdo e da flexibilidade no movimento de flexo de joelho esquerdo, extenso de quadril direito e esquerdo em homens sedentrios saudveis.
Extensão popular: Uma proposta transformadora para a educação superior
Authors: Benincá Dirceu , Campos Fernando Silva
Published: March 2018

A extenso um importante espao de dilogo, de troca de conhecimentos, integrao e construo de possibilidades diversas entre a universidade e a sociedade. Trata-se de uma dimenso fundamental da instituio universitria, por meio da qual esta pode aprender com os saberes populares e tambm oferecer contribuies significativas diante das mltiplas questes do mundo moderno. O presente artigo objetiva fazer uma reviso bibliogrfica acerca da extenso universitria e sua perspectiva popular. Visa, ainda, apresentar desafios para a consolidao da extenso popular na Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB), a partir da valorizao dos conhecimentos da populao, buscando o desenvolvimento cultural e social da comunidade regional.
O uso das tecnologias como práticas pedagógicas no ensino superior
Authors: Carneiro Honorina Maria Simões
Published: March 2018

Esta pesquisa objetiva discutir a relao entre a educao e as novas tecnologias no processo evolutivo do ensino e da aprendizagem na Educao Superior inserida numa sociedade contempornea, abordando algumas questes desafiadoras, na busca de reflexes em torno das constantes evolues, especialmente, agregao das ferramentas tecnolgicas em sala de aula. A partir disso, buscou-se identificar o papel do educador para aplicabilidade das diversas mdias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas instituies de ensino superior. A tendncia da educao contempornea firmar a necessidade de que o educando deve vivenciar a aprendizagem de forma dinmica e significativa. Diante disso, prope-se nesta pesquisa analisar os benefcios e malefcios da modernidade tecnolgica apontando caminhos para uma prtica pedaggica que se pretende desconstruir para se reconstruir numa nova perspectiva de ensino e aprendizagem. Para tanto, utiliza-se como fundamentao terica as ideias de Kenski (2012), Aparici (2012), Braga (2013), Oyama (2014), entre outros estudiosos.
Educação em tempos de bolhas online: uma abordagem peirceana
Authors: Franco Juliana Rocha , Borges Priscila Monteiro
Published: March 2018

O desenvolvimento das redes sociais digitais e dos sistemas de busca na internet tm nos levado a repensar os modos como interagimos e adquirimos informao na internet. Apesar de potencialmente a internet, como um repositrio gigantesco de dados, aumentar as possibilidades de acesso aos mais diversos dados, assim como o aumento da quantidade de informao, nossos modos de interao em rede hoje tm mostrado algumas restries nesse universo de possibilidades. Neste artigo, analisaremos o surgimento das bolhas online como um fenmeno que mostra como certos modos de interao na internet podem nos levar a ficar fechados em universos muito restritos e familiares ao invs de nos proporcionar a experincia com o desconhecido a fim de descobr-lo. Sabendo que as redes sociais digitais viraram uma das mais importantes fontes de notcia para as geraes jovens e que grande parte da informao adquirida por esses jovens vm da internet, precisamos refletir sobre os modos como acessamos esse enorme banco de dados.
Um futuro para a escola: experiências híbridas num mundo complexo
Authors: Fanaya Patrícia Fonseca
Published: March 2018

O pensamento disjuntivo nasceu com a formulao cartesiana do res cogitans e res extensa e foi institucionalizado pelo dualismo moderno tanto na filosofia quanto na cincia, deixando como legado o isolamento radical dos saberes. esse dualismo que ainda est na base do modelo de educao adotado hoje, em pleno sculo XXI, num mundo no qual a complexidade s cresce, e a experincia humana com a assim chamada realidade est se hibridizando. O objetivo deste artigo discutir qual o espao de mudana que existe a partir dessa concepo de mundo ordeiro, previsvel e estvel; e, ainda, no que tange especificamente ao tema escola-sociedade, apontar como possvel transformar essa relao a fim de que ela se torne mais significativa no contexto hipercomplexo em que vivemos.
Akceptacja choroby a jakość życia pacjentów ze stomią
Authors: Szpilewska Katarzyna , Juzwiszyn Jan , Bolanowska Zofia , Bolanowska Zofia , Milan Magdalena , Chabowski Mariusz , Janczak Dariusz
Published: March 2018

Wprowadzenie: Najczęstszą przyczyną wyłonienia stomii jelitowej jest rak jelita grubego. Stomia jelitowa stanowi dla pacjenta
nie tylko bardzo duży problem zdrowotny, ale także życiowy. Wyłonienie stomii zmienia dotychczasowe funkcjonowanie,
znacznie ogranicza aktywność i w decydujący sposób wpływa na jakość życia. Dlatego też we współczesnym procesie terapeutycznym
rozpatrywane są wszystkie sfery życia człowieka, wraz z jego otoczeniem. Ocena jakości życia i stopnia akceptacji
choroby wśród pacjentów z wyłonioną stomią pozwala stwierdzić, w której z płaszczyzn pacjenci wymagają uwagi i pomocy,
oraz na którą z nich skierować promocję zdrowia.
Cel pracy: Zbadanie wpływu akceptacji choroby na jakość życia pacjentów z wyłonioną stomią.
Materiał i metody: Badaniem objęto chorych po wyłonieniu stomii przebywających w Wojewódzkim Szpitalu Specjalistycznym
we Wrocławiu przy ulicy Kamieńskiego na oddziałach Chirurgii Ogólnej z Pododdziałem Chirurgii Urazowo-Ortopedycznej,
Pododdziałem Chirurgii Metabolicznej, Pododdziałem Chirurgii Endokrynologicznej oraz Chirurgii Onkologicznej. W badaniach
posłużono się dwoma kwestionariuszami: ankietą oceny jakości życia (HRQOL) oraz skalą akceptacji choroby (AIS).
Ankiety były anonimowe. Badania przeprowadzano od lutego 2015 roku do lutego 2016 roku wśród 101 osób z wyłonioną stomią,
z czego 60% pacjentów (60,4% osób) stanowiły kobiety, a 40% (39,60% osób) mężczyźni. Średnia wieku osób ankietowanych
wyniosła 48 lat. Najmłodszy z respondentów miał 20 lat, natomiast najstarszy 79 lat. Wśród badanych pacjentów:
16,83% (wykształcenie podstawowe) , 24,75% zawodowe, 32,67% średnie i 25,74% wyższe.
Wyniki: Najczęstszą przyczyną wyłonienia stomii wśród respondentów był nowotwór jelita grubego (43,56%).Kolejne to: niedrożność
mechaniczna jelita (25,74%), uszkodzenie jelita w następstwie urazów (24,75%), nieswoiste zapalenie jelit (5,95%).
Jakość życia pacjentów ze stomią oceniano w odniesieniu do stanu zdrowia, sposobu wypoczynku po operacji, występowania
utrudnień i ograniczeń w życiu codziennym, samooceny zaobserwowanych zmian w wyglądzie. Na wyraźne obniżenie jakości
życia w tych aspektach wskazała większość badanych. Akceptacja choroby była wyższa u mężczyzn (75%) niż u kobiet (61%).
Na stopień akceptacji choroby wpływało również wykształcanie – swojego stanu nie akceptowało 41% osób z wykształceniem
wyższym oraz zaledwie 6% osób z wykształceniem podstawowym. Prowadząc badania, zwrócono uwagę na czynniki socjologiczne
mające wpływ na ocenę poziomu jakości życia i akceptacji choroby: płeć, wiek, wykształcenie, charakter wykonywanej
pracy i miejsce zamieszkania.
Wnioski: Płeć i wykształcenie pacjentów wpływają na stopień akceptacji choroby, ale nie mają wpływu na jakość życia. Im
wyższy stopień akceptacji choroby, tym lepsza jakość życia. Badania wskazują na potrzebę pogłębienia edukacji pacjentów w
zakresie ich funkcjonowania w społeczeństwie.
Overtreatment in surgery – does it concern also the patients with ductal breast carcinoma in situ
Authors: Nowikiewicz Tomasz , Zegarski Wojciech , Głowacka-Mrotek Iwona
Published: March 2018

Overtreatment means treatment that goes beyond current standards, and patients with any disease can be overtreated. Overtreatment
is also given to patients with cancer, including those who need surgery. Overtreatment is closely related to the
problem of overdiagnosis.
In patients with cancer, unnecessary surgery may cause complications and generates unnecessary costs. The size of the problem
of unnecessary surgery in patients with cancer can best be shown among patients with the most common cancers, which
dedicated screening programs. Breast cancer patients, particularly those with pre-invasive types of the tumor, who typically
have ductal carcinoma in situ (80%), are likely to undergo unnecessary surgery. We describe the most common clinical problems
caused by overtreating patients with ductal carcinoma in situ.
Yersiniosis or Leśniowski-Crohn’s disease
Authors: Franczak Paula , Witzling Mieczysław , Siczewski Wiaczesław
Published: March 2018

Yersiniosis is zoonotic disease caused by infection with Yersinia enterocolictica. The variety of clinical signs and the similarity
to other diseases causes major diagnostics and therapeutics difficulties. The authors present a case of Yersinia enterocolitica
infection in a 38-year-old patient, mimicking Leśniowski Crohn’s disease.
ESTUDO DAS PROPRIEDADES DE BLOCOS SEXTAVADOS DE CONCRETO PARA PAVIMENTAÇÃO COM USO DE RESÍDUOS DE CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Augusto Junior José , Tatiani Masselani Francisco Joyce , Balsani Dias Andreza , Buchalla Garib Gonçalves Isadora , Araujo Altran Daniele , Bittencourt Figueiredo Filipe
Published: March 2018

The lack of pavement on urban roads is a problem that still affects manylocalities of the country, generating a decline in development and harmful consequences in several areas. Another problem that affects society is related to the incorrect disposal of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW), which volume is extremely significant and the possibility of recycling (not commonly used, despite current policies that request it) is practicable, when ruled by studies and reviews that support it correctly. The objective of this study was to establish a collaborative approach to solve the two problems mentioned above by replacing the small natural aggregate with small-recycled aggregate in the concrete that composes interlocked paving. It was estimated that these would attend the current standards and correspond to the characteristics proposed, such as resistance to minimum compression of 35 MPa and maximum absorption of 6%
Vertical electric resistivity sounding of natural and anthropogenically affected cryosols of Fildes Peninsula, Western Antarctica
Authors: Abakumov Evgeny
Published: March 2018

Natural and anthropogenically-affected Cryosols of the Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, NWAntarcticPeninsula) from the surroundings of Russian polar station Bellingshausen were investigated by vertical electric sounding. The aim of the study was to asses the thawing depth and active layer thickness. Natural Turbic Croysols showed lesser thickness of active layer than the soils of former reclaimed wastes disposals. Average thickness of the active layer was 0.3-0.4 m in natural soil and 1.3-1.4 m in anthropogenically-affected ones. This was affected by the change in the temperature regime of soils, and related to the destruction of upper organic layer and mechanical disturbance of the active soil layer on the waste polygons. Itwasshown,thattheuseof vertical electric soundingmethodologyinthesoilsurveysisusefulfor the identificationofthe permafrostdepthwithoutdiggingofsoilpit.Thismethodallowstheidentificationofsoilheterogeneity, because the electric resistivity (ER) values are strongly affected by soil properties. ER also intensively changes on the border of differentgeochemicalregimes,i.e.ontheborderoftheactivelayerandthepermafrost. The lowest ER values were found for the upper organic horizons, the highest for permafrost table. Technogenic Superficial Formations exhibit lower resistivity values than natural soils. Therefore, disposition of WP and disturbance of the soil surface, results in permafrost degradation and an increase in the active layer thickness.
Adaptations of epilithic lichens to the microclimate conditions of the White Sea coast
Authors: Sonina Anzhella V. , Rumjantseva Anastasya D. , Tsunskaya Anna A. , Androsova Vera I.
Published: March 2018

Anatomical and functional features of the following three epilithic lichens Umbilicaria torrefacta, Physcia caesia, Physcia dubia were studied. These species have different morphological characteristics of thalli and occupy similar environmental conditions on supralittoral of the White Sea coast. The studied lichens are widespread in the territory of Karelia. U. torrefacta is an obligate epilithic species, Physcia caesia and Physcia dubia colonize both bark of trees and stones. Within the study area, these species were found only on coastal boulders. Photobiont of all studied lichens is unicellular green alga of the genus Trebouxia (Purvis et al. 1992). Based on the study, it was found that Ph. caesia adapts to the environmental conditions through the variability of photosynthetic pigments level which is confirmed by a strong variation of the chlorophylls a/b ratio and chlorophylls/carotenoids ratio (coefficient of variation, CV > 42%) with the stability of anatomical structures (CV ≤ 11%) – functional adaptation. Lichen Ph. dubia adapts through the variability of anatomical layers (upper cortex, algal layer, medullae, lower cortex, thallus thickness) (CV > 22%), and amounts of photosynthetic pigments (CV > 19%) – structural and functional adaptation. For U. torrefacta, the structural adaptation to environmental conditions (CV thickness of anatomical layers > 28%, CV amounts of photosynthetic pigments – 7, 8%) was recorded.
The study of atmospherically deposited Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCP) from the Kongsfjorden, Svalbard
Authors: Singh Neelu , Singh Vartika , Krishnaiah Chikkamadaiah
Published: March 2018

The surface sediment samples of Kongsfjorden were analyzed for the Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles (SCP) in an attempt to document the SCP in the environment other than previously studied inland lakes and snow and also to understand the probable source of industrial atmospheric pollution. The SCP are derived from the combustion of fossil fuels at high temperatures and are not produced naturally. They are chemically inert in both sediment and water and thus provide the indestructible record of atmospherically deposited pollutants in remote areas and anthropogenic impact on pristine environments. The SCP were recovered from different locations of the fjord and were classified according to their size range (small particles, 5-10 µm – large particles, 20-50 µm). The characterization of the spherical carbonaceous particles (shape, size, morphology, color etc.) was done under the light microscope. The detailed morphological features and chemical composition of SCP were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX). The result shows that in term of a source of pollution in the area, long-range transportation is the major source of pollution but local sources cannot be ignored. This is a first attempt to study the SCP from the Kongsfjorden.
Hydrocarbons content in soils of the northernmost taiga ecosystem of Komi Republic (North-East of Russia)
Authors: Lodygin Evgeny Dmitrievich , Beznosikov Vasily Aleksandrovich , Abakumov Evgeny Vasil'evich
Published: March 2018

The background concentrations of hydrocarbons (HCs) were estimated for soils of the northernmost and northern taiga ecosystem of the Komi Republic. It was shown that accumulation and distribution of hydrocarbons in soil cover is regulated by following pedological factors: texture class, parent material and landform type and the type of soil forming process. In all studied soils of accumulative positions showed more pronounces accumulation of hydrocarbons than the soils of well-drained eluvial positions. Interprofile differentiation of hydrocarbons content is more expressed in clay-textured soils than sandy ones.
Health, indigenous food security and social politics in the Arctic region (with the special focus on Murmansk oblast )
Authors: Kasparyan Zhanna
Published: March 2018

Social policy is directly concerned with food security issues, and the task to improve nutrition and related population health assumes increased importance given the context of Arctic globalization. It is obvious that Arctic social policies in term of food security should be distinguished from the "non-Arctic" one, and focused on identifying, assessing, monitoring and easing, if not completely eliminating the harmful impact of the risks involved. However, most studies on the subject, have focused mainly on the problem of small indigenous minorities (“indigenous food security”), meanwhile the food security issues of newcomers and, later, rooted population were not studied in such detail. Geographically, the survey covers the area of the Murmansk region, since it is fully integrated into the Arcticzone of the Russian Federation and has a number of features that distinguish it from other regions. The study was designed to identify the various risks and threats to the health of the population of the Murmansk region. The various factors that are directly related to the manner, style and quality of nutrition (as well as the “weight” of these groups of factors in human life quality in the North) have been identified. It is evident the food security is important factor tightly connected with the human life quality in the Arctic.