bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application strategy for the chemical control of pea (Pisum sativum L.) crops against Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889 (Thysanoptera)
Authors: Pobożniak Maria , Leśniak Marta
Published: September 2015

In Poland chemical control of thrips in pea crops currently relies on insecticides with several modes of action, including pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin) and neonicotinoids. The first insecticide treatment is recommended to be applied during the full bloom of pea plants and the second two repeated at intervals of 7 days. Field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Station in Mydlniki (near Kraków, southern Poland) over two years (2011 and 2012). Acetamiprid (neonicotinoid) (trade name Mospilan 20 SP) was used to control thrips on peas in the experiment. The results suggest that the conventional spray regime consisting of one weekly application of Mospilan 20 WP starting at full flowering can be replaced by one treatment at the beginning of flowering.
Ceraphronidae and Megaspilidae (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea) of Poland: current state of knowledge with corrections to the Polish checklist
Authors: Krzyżyński Maciej , Ulrich Werner
Published: September 2015

An updated checklist of 16 Ceraphronoidea (Hymenoptera, Parasitica) species from Poland is given together with information on deposition, sampling, and, if possible, host associations. We also present a complete reference list regarding work on Polish Ceraphronoidea.
De Garengeot’s Hernia; Acute Appendicitis In An Incarcerated Femoral Hernia
Authors: Kokoszka Maciej , Wójtowicz Jacek
Published: September 2015

Acute appendicitis and incarcerated femoral hernia belong to relatively well known surgical diseases with regard to diagnostic workup and treatment. de Garengeot’s hernia is an entity involving concurrent occurrence of both the above mentioned problems.

This paper presents history of a 58-year old female patient who was diagnosed with this extremely rare syndrome. She presented to the Emergency Room of a hospital in Żyrardów due to painful mass in the right groin region, persisting for approximately 24 hours.

De Garengeot’s hernia, through combination of two separate surgical entities, is associated with diagnostic difficulties and the therapeutic process occasionally requires unconventional decisions to be taken to improve prognosis.
Thermoplastic films containing lignin and their optical polarization properties
Authors: Shi Bo , Shlepr Mike
Published: September 2015

A soda lignin, Protobind 2400, was blended at ratios up to thirty weight percent with polyolefins or the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester Ecoflex and films were cast with a twin-screw extruder. The mechanical properties, structure, and optical properties of the resultant films were characterized by tensile tests and microscopy. Films for all blends of this modified lignin were successfully cast without operational issues. Film elongation was maintained for both the polyolefins and Ecoflex. Lignin significantly increased the modulus of the polyethylene films but decreased the modulus of the polypropylene and Ecoflex films. Lignin was found as lamellae oriented in the machine direction of the polyolefin films, but as spherical domains in the Ecoflex film. It was concluded that the oriented lamellar structure was critical to the behavior of the polyolefin-lignin blends as optical polarization films (OPFs). Additional development around improvement of this property, which for the prototypes produced here was about one-tenth the efficiency of commercially available OPFs, to produce a sustainable OPF was recommended.
Are You Sure You Want to Contact Us? Quantifying the Leakage of PII via Website Contact Forms
Authors: Starov Oleksii , Gill Phillipa , Nikiforakis Nick
Published: September 2015

The majority of commercial websites provide users the ability to contact them via dedicated contact pages. In these pages, users are typically requested to provide their names, email addresses, and reason for contacting the website. This effectively makes contact pages a gateway from being anonymous or pseudonymous, i.e., identified via stateful and stateless identifiers, to being eponymous. As such, the environment where users provide their personally identifiable information (PII) has to be trusted and free from intentional and unintentional information leaks. In this paper, we report on the first large-scale study of PII leakage via contact pages of the 100,000 most popular sites of the web. We develop a reliable methodology for identifying and interacting with contact forms as well as techniques that allow us to discover the leakage of PII towards thirdparties, even when that information is obfuscated. Using these methods, we witness the leakage of PII towards third-parties in a wide range of ways, including the leakage through third-party form submissions, third-party scripts that collect PII information from a first-party page, and unintended leakage through a browser’s Referer header. To recover the lost control of users over their PII, we design and develop Formlock, a browser extension that warns the user when contact forms are using PII-leaking practices, and provides the ability to comprehensively lock-down a form so that a user’s details cannot be, neither accidentally, nor intentionally, leaked to third parties
Box: Natural Language Processing Research Using Amazon Web Services
Authors: Axelrod Amittai
Published: September 2015

We present a publicly-available state-of-the-art research and development platform for Machine Translation and Natural Language Processing that runs on the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud. This provides a standardized research environment for all users, and enables perfect reproducibility and compatibility. Box also enables users to use their hardware budget to avoid the management and logistical overhead of maintaining a research lab, yet still participate in global research community with the same state-of-the-art tools.
Analysis Of Deviation In The Measurement Of Vibrations
Authors: Čekan Pavol , Harangozó Jozef , Szabová Zuzana , Kuracina Richard , Balog Karol
Published: September 2015

In order to achieve relevant and exact value in measurement of vibrations, it is necessary to add the corresponding value of deviation to the result of measurement. As the topic of determining the deviation is too complex and the scope of article is limited, we focus on the characteristic features and mathematical description of the basic types of deviations and some partial deviations which should betaken into account in measurement.
Combustion Gases And Heat Release Analysis During Flame And Flameless Combustion Of Wood Pellets
Authors: Horváth Jozef , Wachter Igor , Balog Karol
Published: September 2015

With the growing prices of fossil fuels, alternative fuels produced of biomass come to the fore. They are made of waste materials derived from the processing of wood and wood materials. The main objective of this study was to analyse the fire-technical characteristics of wood pellets. The study analysed three dust samples acquired from wood pellets made of various types of wood biomass. Wood pellet dust is produced when manipulating with pellets. During this process a potentially hazardous situations may occur. Biomass is chemically composed mostly of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin. During straining of the biomass by heat flux, combustion initiation occurs. Also, there was a change in the composition of material throughout combustion gases production, and the amount of heat generated by a flame or flameless combustion. Measurement of fire characteristics was conducted according to ISO 5660-1 standard using a cone calorimeter. Two samples of wood pellet dust were tested under the heat flux of 35 kW.m−2 and 50 kW.m−2. The process of combustion, the time to ignition, the carbon monoxide concentration and the amount of released heat were observed.
Determination Of The Maximum Explosion Pressure And The Maximum Rate Of Pressure Rise During Explosion Of Wood Dust Clouds
Authors: Kuracina Richard , Szabová Zuzana , Čekan Pavol
Published: September 2015

The article deals with the measurement of maximum explosion pressure and the maximum rate of exposure pressure rise of wood dust cloud. The measurements were carried out according to STN EN 14034-1+A1:2011 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds. Part 1: Determination of the maximum explosion pressure pmax of dust clouds and the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise according to STN EN 14034-2+A1:2012 Determination of explosion characteristics of dust clouds - Part 2: Determination of the maximum rate of explosion pressure rise (dp/dt)max of dust clouds. The wood dust cloud in the chamber is achieved mechanically. The testing of explosions of wood dust clouds showed that the maximum value of the pressure was reached at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value is 7.95 bar. The fastest increase of pressure was observed at the concentrations of 450 g / m3 and its value was 68 bar / s.
Labelling Of Textile Products From The Perspective Of Quality, Maintenance, Safety And Environment
Authors: Draxlerová Mária , Rusko Miroslav , Kuracina Marcel
Published: September 2015

Fundamental right of all consumers is the availability of necessary information to protect their own health. Information should be obtained from the marks referred to the product which they come into contact with. Marks are integral parts of everyone's life. We can see various types of marks at home, in stores and everywhere around us. Symbols indicate to the consumer the importance assigned to them in an opinion system (labelling scheme).
The Study Of Metalworking Fluids Biodegradability By Indirect Measurement Of Bacterial Inoculum Respiration
Authors: Gerulová Kristína , Tatarka Ondrej , Štefko Tomáš , Škulavík Tomáš
Published: September 2015

An apparatus for measuring biodegradability of metalworking fluids (MWFs) was constructed according to (1), based on the Zahn-Wellens test which enables a continuous determination of CO2 production by the change in conductivity of absorption solution. Results obtained from the testing of 8 different MWFs by this modified method were compared to those obtained in standardized OECD 302 B. The comparison showed better description of bacterial inoculum activity in tested solution; lag phase was easy to indicate. Tested emulsion achieved the level of primary degradability 39.7 – 40.8 %, and semi-synthetics 19.1 – 43.5%. The samples of synthetics where the degradation level reached 43.9 - 58.6 % were identified as the most degradable metalworking fluids.
Characterisation Of Polysacharides And Lipids From Selected Green Algae Species By FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy
Authors: Bartošová Alica , Blinová Lenka , Gerulová Kristína
Published: September 2015

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in this study to identify and determine spectral features of Chromochloris zofingiensis (Dönz) Fucíková et L.A. Lewis (SAG 211-14, Gottingen, Germany), Acutodesmus obliguus (Turpin) Hegewald (SAG 276-1, Gottingen, Germany) and Chlorella sorokiniana (K. Brandt) Pröschold et Darienko (SAG 211-40c, Gottingen, Germany). Polysaccharides and lipids from these three algae species were determined using Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) with ATR accessory with diamante crystal in spectral range from 400 – 4000 cm−1 and resolution 4.
Voluntary Tools Of The Environmental Oriented Product Policy
Authors: Rusko Miroslav
Published: September 2015

Environmentally oriented product policy is in general determined by the relationships between its aims – subjects – objects - tools. It is based on the integrated approach to the product life cycle, which anticipates an enormous amount of information. It has to solve the questions of the international trade as well as the rules of the International Trade Organization. New forms of preventive environmental strategies and especially Green Marketing are being introduced helping to solve environmental problems and environmental motivation of producers. Many producers face great attention of the public regarding their approach to the environment. Despite the fact that the customers buy products fairly prudently and their behaviour is markedly affected by prices, a particular part of the population prefers the products that do not burden the environment. This brings about a situation, in which the producers within their mutual competition and in relation to customers are enforced to behave responsibly.
Understanding High School Students’ Sports Participation
Authors: Garcia Angela Cora
Published: September 2015

In this paper we conducted a qualitative analysis of twenty-eight semi-structured interviews of college students. Interviewees were asked about their high school experiences with sports in order to discover the main factors leading to positive or negative experiences. We found that the influence of family and friends and the opportunity to participate in a competitive activity were the two most important positive aspects of students’ high school sports experiences. The most prevalent negative aspect of high school sports participation was a problematic experience with a coach. While both friends and family influenced students’ decisions to initiate and maintain participation in sports while in high school, family influence was much stronger than the influence of friends. Given the need to expand physical fitness on a national and global level, greater understanding of the factors impacting sports participation will be useful to a wide range of stakeholders, including students, teachers and educational institutions, and policy makers.
Nutritional Knowledge of College Coaches
Authors: Botsis Aline E. , Holden Shelley L.
Published: September 2015

Nutrition is recognized as an integral component to achieving optimal athletic performance. Even with the increase in sports nutrition research, athletes continually exhibit a lack of knowledge, which is cause for concern (Jacobson & Aldana, 1992; Jacobson, Sobonya, & Ransone, 2001; Rosenbloom, Jonnalagadda, & Skinner, 2002; Torres-McGehee et al., 2012). Moreover, coaches are a primary source of information to their athletes, but research is limited regarding the adequacy of their nutritional knowledge. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional knowledge of college coaches using the validated 88 item Sports Nutrition Questionnaire by Caryn Zinn. Twentyone coaches from a Division I National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) institution in the southeastern United States participated. The sample consisted of 16 males and five females. Sports represented were basketball (n=5), cross country and track (n=5), football (n=6), soccer (n=2), softball (n=1), and volleyball (n=2). Results revealed college coaches do not have adequate nutritional knowledge. Only one participant obtained a score about 70% (M=55%). Results indicate coaches may not be an appropriate source of information to their athletes but more research needs to be conducted in the area to further assess collegiate coaches’ nutritional knowledge.
The Role of Performance Pyramid in Sports Management Case Study - The Athletics Section in CSM Onesti
Authors: Istrate Ingrid Vasilica , Macovei Sabina , Bucur Monica
Published: September 2015

Sport represents the joy of living, to succeed, to self-exceed! Whereas the Romanian sport is at a crossroads, regarding the fewer and fewer number of children who want to practice a sport, as well as the economic situation in which it is situated, the goal of reviving the entire sports activity and to bring it to the top where Romania stayed many years in the past becomes a must. In this sense, there must be found solutions and proper strategies that lead to its revival. This issue requires a systemic approach capable to reestablish “the pyramid of sport performance” on functional principles. The present thesis is a way of organizing sports activities at club’s level, wards, groups, based on the performance pyramid, in order to achieve a high performance management, which is part of the sports reform, ranging from all of its forms, such as: human resources, financial, material, taking into account modern mechanisms (for attraction and use of resources considering the means which are available and necessary).
The Improvement of HR-management as a Factor of Increasing of Companies’ Competitiveness in the Labour Market
Authors: Buyar Kateryna
Published: September 2015

In my article were researched market economy mechanisms for increasing the competitiveness of companies in the labour market. The paper target was to prove the need to use economic and administrative mechanisms to improve a level of competitiveness of the company in the labour market. Such researches become more important today, because after my empirical analyse of literature I can only conclude that not a lot of researchers studied in this field of science and the most theories suggest that only employees must be competitive on the labour market. But as a result of my research I can deny this one-sided view and can confirm that nowadays not just employees, but also employers compete with each other in the labour market. So, successful organizations must pay big attention to the processes of HR-management, which must be improved. But not enough attention is paid to the system of management and its impact on workers. It is important to form close links between existing system management with inherent for company effective economic management mechanisms in the companies with the level of competitiveness of the company in the labour market. So the results of my research showed that companies must develop economic and administrative mechanisms to improve their competitiveness in the labour market. These mechanisms are a set of applied styles and methods of management that have a direct impact on the loyalty of workers and consequently, enhance its competitiveness both inside the company and in external labour markets. So I can conclude that the paper target was achieved.
Theoretical and Legal Reflections on Securities Dispositions
Authors: Holub Dušan , Némethová Ildikó
Published: September 2015

Decreasing the number of materialised securities for the benefit of electronic securities has led to distinctions between commercial and legal opinions on securities transactions. Contemporary financial markets only trade electronic securities held in securities accounts. Securities law enhances adjustments to economic realities and not to legal principles. Discrepancies between economic realities and securities regulation should be resolved in order to find a balance between successfully functioning transactions of electronic securities and legal schemes which are based on transfers of physically existing assets, which include securities, as a result of the theory of incorporations, in certain legal regulations. This article is a theoretical and legal reflection on selected issues connected with the transfer of securities with reference to discrepancies between economic realities and legal regulations.
Revision of Parasitic Helminths Reported in Freshwater Fish From Turkey with New Records
Authors: Öktener Ahmet
Published: September 2015

This new checklist is an update of helminths of freshwater fish from Turkey. The last publication of a checklist of helminth parasites of freshwater fish in Turkey was over 11 years ago (Öktener, 2003), and there have been a number of new records. This update includes additional records and allows for the correction of errors and omissions that were present in the preceding version. The revision literature indicated the occurrence of 123 parasite species which included 60 monogeneans, 20 digeneans, 20 cestodes, 11 nematodes, seven acanthocephalans, five annelids from 71 different wild fish (64 native, four transitional, three introduced fish) species from freshwater in Turkey. Parasites not identified to species level are listed separately, and not included in the resulting comments, because of reporting different host species. Cyprinidae, with 50 species, is the dominant family among the examined fish with regard to species diversity
Structure of Bird Communities from Cefa Nature Park
Authors: Petrovici Milca , Nagy Attila
Published: September 2015

Cefa Nature Park had, even before its establishment, a protection status directed especially towards the bird fauna, in which varied and vast wetlands, forests, meadows and agricultural lands with low agricultural activity are found. The present paper shows the results of a long period of monitoring (1991-2012) the bird fauna from this area. There are currently 78 identified species, protected and recorded in the Annex I from Birds Directive 79/409/CEE. Another 168 species were identified, that are not found on the above list, thus reaching a total number of 246 species (66% of the total bird fauna of Romania). Quantitative data is also shown with respect to the size of these species population, as well as the belonging to the sedentary or migratory species group. All of the results support the fact that Cefa Nature Park is an area of major importance for bird fauna in the Northwestern territory of Romania, and especially for those species that need wetland habitats for nesting, passage or wintering
The Nightmare: Genetically Modified Organisms as Alien Species
Authors: Hiz Meliha Merve , Aki Cüneyt
Published: September 2015

Biotechnological applications in medicine, industry and agriculture allow the economic production of important products, thus influencing national economy and revenue. Genetic modifications on microorganisms, plants and animals are major techniques to produce a desirable trait or product in biotechnological applications. However, GMOs also give rise to severe debate on aspects such as safety and environmental impact of transgenic products. In general these controversies arise as a result of misinformation. Ethical, legal and socially acceptable aspects of GMOs are strongly influenced by social, economic and political conditions, owing to the strong economic impact of high incomes for biotechnology companies
The Four Leaf Water Clover (Marsilea Quadrifolia L.) an Endangered Species. Aspects of Conservation and Management
Authors: Schneider-Binder Erika
Published: September 2015

The European species of the genus Marsilea are presented, with special regard to Four leaf water clover Marsilea quadrifolia L., the single species occurring in Central Europe. Based on field research on the Upper Rhine in Germany and the Lower Danube in Romania the ecological requirements of the species and the plant communities in which the species lives are analysed and compared with data from other European countries. Due to the decline of the species populations as a consequence of human activities, all European Marsilea species are rare, vulnerable, endangered by extinction or extinct in the wild and included in the Red data books of most European countries. Also all the European water clovers Marsilea strigosa, Marsilea batardae and Marsilea quadrifolia have been included in the Appendix I of the Bern Convention (1979) as strictly protected species and in the Annexe II of the European Flora Fauna Habitat Directive 92/43/1992. After analysis of ecological conditions, the state of conservation and the Red List categories of Marsilea quadrifolia following IUCN criteria in the countries of occurrence are presented and possible measures for conservation are discussed as well as realised reintroduction of the species in the wild
Ternary aurides RE
4Mg3Au10 (RE = La, Ce, Pr) and RE
4Cd3Au10 (RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Dy) – ordering variants of the Zr7Ni10 type
Authors: Johnscher Michael , Block Theresa , Niehaus Oliver , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: September 2015

The intermetallic gold compounds RE
4Mg3Au10 (RE = La, Ce, Pr) and RE
4Cd3Au10 (RE = Y, La–Nd, Sm, Gd–Dy) were obtained from the elements through high-frequency melting in sealed niobium tubes and subsequent annealing in a muffle furnace. The new aurides crystallize with the Ca4In3Au10-type structure. They were characterized through Guinier powder patterns. The structures of Pr4.46Cd2.54Au10 and Tb4.38Cd2.62Au10 were refined from single crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Cmce, a = 1396.73(6), b = 1009.38(3), c = 1019.51(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0423, 1281 F
2 values, 47 variables for Pr4.46Cd2.54Au10 and a = 1362.68(3), b = 995.52(4), c = 1003.79(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0381, 1594 F
2 values, F
2 47 variables for Tb4.38Cd2.62Au10. The 8e sites of both crystals show substantial Cd/Pr respectively Cd/Tb mixing, indicating small homogeneity ranges for all RE
4+x
Mg3–x
Au10 and RE
4+x
Cd3–x
Au10 aurides. The gold atoms in these aurides form a pronounced two-dimensional substructure (275–327 pm Au–Au in Pr4.46Cd2.54Au10) which encages the Mg1/Cd1 (coordination number 8) and RE2 (coordination number 11) atoms. These blocks are separated by the Mg2/Cd2 and RE1 atoms with an intergrowth of Mg2/Cd2@Au8 and RE1@Au10 polyhedra. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements of Tb4Cd3Au10 have shown antiferromagnetic ordering at a Néel temperature of 12(1) K.
Lung Function in Very Low Birth Weight Adults
Authors: Saarenpää Heli-Kaisa , Tikanmäki Marjaana , Sipola-Leppänen Marika , Hovi Petteri , Wehkalampi Karoliina , Siltanen Mirjami , Vääräsmäki Marja , Järvenpää Anna-Liisa , Eriksson Johan G. , Andersson Sture , Kajantie Eero
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Lung function attained in young adulthood is 1 of the strongest predictors of obstructive airways disease in later life. Adults born preterm at very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) who have experienced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have reduced lung function. We studied the association of lung function in young adulthood with preterm birth at VLBW and with BPD and other prenatal and neonatal conditions.

METHODS:

We performed spirometry for 160 VLBW subjects (29 with BPD according to Northway criteria) aged 18 to 27 years and 162 term control subjects group-matched for gender, age, and birth hospital. Lung function was expressed as z scores according to the Global Lung Function Initiative standards.

RESULTS:

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second z score was 1.41 units (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89 to 1.94) lower in BPD-VLBW subjects and 0.39 units (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.69) in non–BPD VLBW subjects compared with control subjects. Corresponding differences for forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity were 1.52 (95% CI: 0.99 to 2.05) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.21 to 0.81), respectively. Maternal smoking in pregnancy predicted poorer airflow in all groups; this finding was strongest in the BPD-VLBW group. Lung function was unrelated to fetal or postnatal growth or to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS:

Young adults born at VLBW have reduced airflow. The outcome is stronger in those who have a history of BPD but is present among those with no such history. This finding suggests an increased risk of later obstructive airways disease in adults born at VLBW.
Vestibular Disorders in Children With Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Bernard Sophie , Wiener-Vacher Sylvette , Van Den Abbeele Thierry , Teissier Natacha
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND:

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading infectious cause of neurologic disabilities and sensorineural hearing loss in children. Sensorineural hearing loss prevalence in CMV suggests a viral tropism for the inner ear. Vestibular disorders induced by CMV infection are underestimated. This is the largest and most thorough study to assess the incidence of vestibular disorders and their correlation with hearing thresholds in children with CMV.

METHODS:

This retrospective study assessed a cohort of 52 children with congenital CMV infection and sensorineural impairment who received a complete hearing and vestibular assessment. Vestibular evaluation included clinical examination, caloric bithermal test, earth vertical axis rotation, off-vertical axis rotation, and vestibular evoked myogenic potential. The prevalence, progression, and clinical impact of vestibular disorders were studied and correlated with hearing thresholds and the severity of congenital CMV infection.

RESULTS:

Forty-eight children (92.3%) had hearing loss and vestibular disorders. Of those, vestibular disorders were complete and bilateral in 33.3%, partial and bilateral in 43.7%, and partial and unilateral in 22.9%. Serial testing in 14 children showed stable vestibular function in 50% and deterioration in 50%. Congenital CMV infection has a negative impact on postural development that is correlated with neurologic and vestibular impairment. Vestibular disorders were significantly associated with hearing disorders, but their respective severities showed no concordance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Vestibular disorders are frequent and severe in CMV-infected children. Routine screening and appropriate management of vestibular lesions is essential to initiate adapted care.
Sources of Infant Pertussis Infection in the United States
Authors: Skoff Tami H. , Kenyon Cynthia , Cocoros Noelle , Liko Juventila , Miller Lisa , Kudish Kathy , Baumbach Joan , Zansky Shelley , Faulkner Amanda , Martin Stacey W.
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND:

Pertussis is poorly controlled, with the highest rates of morbidity and mortality among infants. Although the source of infant pertussis is often unknown, when identified, mothers have historically been the most common reservoir of transmission. Despite high vaccination coverage, disease incidence has been increasing. We examined whether infant source of infection (SOI) has changed in the United States in light of the changing epidemiology.

METHODS:

Cases <1 year old were identified at Enhanced Pertussis Surveillance sites between January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2013. SOI was collected during patient interview and was defined as a suspected pertussis case in contact with the infant case 7 to 20 days before infant cough onset.

RESULTS:

A total of 1306 infant cases were identified; 24.2% were <2 months old. An SOI was identified for 569 cases. Infants 0 to 1 months old were more likely to have an SOI identified than 2- to 11-month-olds (54.1% vs 40.2%, respectively; P < .0001). More than 66% of SOIs were immediate family members, most commonly siblings (35.5%), mothers (20.6%), and fathers (10.0%); mothers predominated until the transition to siblings beginning in 2008. Overall, the SOI median age was 14 years (range: 0–74 years); median age for sibling SOIs was 8 years.

CONCLUSIONS:

In contrast to previous studies, our data suggest that the most common source of transmission to infants is now siblings. While continued monitoring of SOIs will optimize pertussis prevention strategies, recommendations for vaccination during pregnancy should directly increase protection of infants, regardless of SOI.
Alcohol Interventions Among Underage Drinkers in the ED: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cunningham Rebecca M. , Chermack Stephen T. , Ehrlich Peter F. , Carter Patrick M. , Booth Brenda M. , Blow Frederic C. , Barry Kristen L. , Walton Maureen A.
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVES:

This study examined the efficacy of emergency department (ED)-based brief interventions (BIs), delivered by a computer or therapist, with and without a post-ED session, on alcohol consumption and consequences over 12 months.

METHODS:

Patients (ages 14–20 years) screening positive for risky drinking were randomized to: BI (n = 277), therapist BI (n = 278), or control (n = 281). After the 3-month follow-up, participants were randomized to receive a post-ED BI session or control. Incorporating motivational interviewing, the BIs addressed alcohol consumption and consequences, including driving under the influence (DUI), and alcohol-related injury, as well as other concomitant drug use. The computer BI was an offline, Facebook-styled program.

RESULTS:

Among 4389 patients screened, 1054 patients reported risky drinking and 836 were enrolled in the randomized controlled trial. Regression models examined the main effects of the intervention conditions (versus control) and the interaction effects (ED condition × post-ED condition) on primary outcomes. The therapist and computer BIs significantly reduced consumption at 3 months, consequences at 3 and 12 months, and prescription drug use at 12 months; the computer BI reduced the frequency of DUI at 12 months; and the therapist BI reduced the frequency of alcohol-related injury at 12 months. The post-ED session reduced alcohol consequences at 6 months, benefiting those who had not received a BI in the ED.

CONCLUSIONS:

A single-session BI, delivered by a computer or therapist in the ED, shows promise for underage drinkers. Findings for the fully automated stand-alone computer BI are particularly appealing given the ease of future implementation.
Sleep Disordered Breathing and Academic Performance: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Galland Barbara , Spruyt Karen , Dawes Patrick , McDowall Philippa S. , Elder Dawn , Schaughency Elizabeth
Published: September 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is associated with daytime functioning decrements in cognitive performance and behavioral regulation. Studies addressing academic achievement are underrepresented. This study aimed to evaluate the strength of the relationships between SDB and achievement in core domains and general school performance.

METHODS:

Data sources included PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Studies of school-aged children investigating the relationships between SDB and academic achievement were selected for inclusion in a systematic literature review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data extracted were converted into standardized mean differences; effect sizes (ES) and statistics were calculated by using random-effects models. Heterogeneity tests (I2) were conducted.

RESULTS:

Of 488 studies, 16 met eligibility criteria. SDB was significantly associated with poorer academic performance for core academic domains related to language arts (ES –0.31; P < .001; I2 = 74%), math (ES –0.33; P < .001; I2 = 55%), and science (ES –0.29; P = .001; I2 = 0%), and with unsatisfactory progress/learning problems (ES –0.23; P < .001; I2 = 0%) but not general school performance.

CONCLUSIONS:

Variable definitions of both academic performance and SDB likely contributed to the heterogeneity among published investigations. Clear links between SDB and poorer academic performance in school-age children are demonstrated. ES statistics were in the small to medium range, but nevertheless the findings serve to highlight to parents, teachers, and clinicians that SDB in children may contribute to academic difficulties some children face.
Screening for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Young Children: USPSTF Recommendation Statement
Authors: Siu Albert L.
Published: September 2015

DESCRIPTION:

Update of the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) 2006 recommendation on screening for iron deficiency anemia.

METHODS:

The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the association between change in iron status as a result of intervention and improvement in child health outcomes, as well as screening for and treatment of iron deficiency anemia with oral iron formulations, in children ages 6 to 24 months.

POPULATION:

This recommendation applies to children ages 6 to 24 months living in the United States who are asymptomatic for iron deficiency anemia. It does not apply to children younger than age 6 months or older than 24 months, children who are severely malnourished, children who were born prematurely or with low birth weight, or children who have symptoms of iron deficiency anemia.

RECOMMENDATION:

The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for iron deficiency anemia in children ages 6 to 24 months. (I statement)
New records of flowering plants in Morelos state, Mexico
Authors: Cerros-Tlatilpa Rosa , Galván-González Luis Gil , Flores-Morales Alejandro , Guerrero José Antonio , Rizo Aguilar Areli
Published: September 2015

Nine new records of flowering plants are reported for Morelos state, Mexico. Most of the species occur at the Biological Corridor Chichinautzin and the Biosphere Reserve Sierra of Huautla, located at north and south of Morelos state, respectively. A brief diagnosis, phenology, notes and illustrations are included. These records are the outcome of floristic studies carried out by the authors in both natural reserves.
Public perception of and engagement with emerging low-carbon energy technologies: A literature review
Authors: Peterson Tarla Rai , Stephens Jennie C. , Wilson Elizabeth J.
Published: September 2015

Transitioning to low-carbon energy systems depends on fundamental changes in technologies, policies, and institutions. In Western democracies, public perceptions and engagement with energy have encouraged innovation while also slowing deployment of low-carbon energy technologies (LCETs).

Transitioning to low-carbon energy systems requires re-engineering technologies and changing the ways people interact with energy. This shift involves both technological and social changes including modifications in policies and institutional configurations. In Western democracies, public perceptions and engagement with energy have encouraged innovation while also slowing deployment of low-carbon energy technologies (LCETs). To aid understanding of how energy systems are evolving toward lower-carbon technologies in Western democracies, this study reviews the literature on public perception of and engagement with emerging LCETs. Focusing primarily on electricity generating technologies, we explore how multiple factors related to place and process shape public perceptions of and engagement with LCETs, thereby influencing their development and deployment. This study first reviews literature related to how place and process influence emerging LCETs and then provides a comparative example of differential development of wind energy in Texas and Massachusetts (USA) to demonstrate how place and process may interact to influence the patterns of LCET deployment.
New Testament Studies in Religion Past and Present
Authors: DeMaris Richard
Published: September 2015

This short review cannot do justice to more than a handful of articles on, or related to, the New Testament. So I will offer some comments about Religion Past and Present (Betz et al. 2007–2013) as a whole and observe how the conceptualization and agenda of the encyclopedia have manifested themselves in the details—at the level of a few specific articles.
Canon and Curation
Authors: Saler Robert
Published: September 2015

This paper offers commentary on the relative merits of the RPP in the specific areas of theology, church history, and philosophy. The encyclopedia's treatment of these themes, while largely adequate, raises substantial meta-questions within the discipline about how notions of "canon" function with authority in a time of unprecedented disciplinary fragmentation, particularly within theology itself.
Editor’s Corner: Critics or Caretakers?
Authors: Tite Philip
Published: September 2015

A short essay, in responding to an online roundtable (the Religious Studies Project), explores the role of progressive ideology in the academic study of religion, specifically with a focus on debates over Russell McCutcheon's distinction between scholars functioning as cultural critics or caretakers of religious traditions. This short piece is part of the "Editor's Corner" (an occasional section of the Bulletin where the editors offer provocative musings on theoretical challenges facing the discipline).
Signifying on the World Religions Paradigm
Authors: Newton Richard
Published: September 2015

The growing role of critical theory and postcolonial inquiry within the religious studies classroom has challenged the utility of the World Religions Paradigm. This has created a pedagogical opportunity for recreating the Religion 101 course. This essay introduces a course that uses signifying theory and the African American experience to consider "religion."
Approach to the Social Sciences in Religion Past and Present
Authors: Segal Robert
Published: September 2015

The social sciences do threaten theology/religious studies even when they do not challenge either the reality of God or the reality of belief in the reality of God. The entries in RPP ignore this threat in the name of some wished-for harmony. The entries neither recognize nor refute the challenge of social science to theology/religious studies. They do, then, stand antithetically both to those whom I call "religionists" and to many theologians, for whom there is nothing but a challenge.
All the girls in town
Authors: Strong Catherine
Published: September 2015

This article will use the cultural and media materials produced around the death of Chrissy Amphlett as a way of interrogating the fact that surprisingly few resources exist that document or commemorate the contribution of women to the rock music scene in Australia. As Amphlett is unusual in being a woman who has, even before her death, claimed a place in the Australian rock canon, examining materials that are designed to construct her legacy upon her passing will provide examples of how women in Australian rock are discussed. It will be demonstrated that Amphlett’s gender is central to these discussions, and that she is used to both obscure the contributions of other women performers and to deny a need for women musicians to even be an object of discussion at all. These findings will be analysed using Aleida Assmann’s concepts of functional and storage memory, and it will be argued that the lack of information that we have about past female rockers makes it harder for women in Australia to see this field as one they can participate in, and also makes the retention of memories about currently successful women musicians less likely.
Sounding the aquapelago
Authors: Hayward Philip
Published: September 2015

This article reviews the cultural-environmental context of the Leweton community’s liquid percussion practice and the production of the Vanuatu Women’s Water Music (henceforth VWWM) DVD with regard to the conceptual framework of the aquapelago. The latter has contended that human societies closely interacting with marine environments can be characterized as inhabiting an aquapelago by virtue of their activities creating an aquapelagic assemblage of terrestrial and marine elements. Following a summary discussion of aspects of the aquapelago, the article first considers the nature of the Leweton community’s liquid percussion practice in its traditional context and then addresses the contemporary developments that led to the production of the DVD, with particular regard to aspects of community livelihood and cultural transition. Drawing on these, the article posits the practices as quintessentially aquapelagic.
Cylindrical Ringbone Allograft to Restore Atrophic Implant Sites: A Pilot Study
Authors: Flanagan Dennis
Published: September 2015

Atrophic or severely deficient edentulous single tooth dental implant sites require osseous augmentation before any dental implant surgery. This may be accomplished by several procedures, allowing for several months of healing in order to achieve osteogenesis. After the initial site preparation, an implant may be placed and then allowed to heal for 3–6 months before the prosthetics are placed. This entire procedure may take several months to a year to complete. With the technique described herein, these cases were treated with an allograft ring or cylinder of bone that allowed for immediate placement of an implant. The allograft augmentation and implant placement are done at the same appointment. This technique shortens treatment time and may be valuable in treatment of failed implant sites. Further study is needed to refine and improve this technique.
Alocação de postos de observação da policia militar em uma cidade de médio porte: uma abordagem multicritério
Authors: Oliveira Charles Miller de Góis , Carmo Breno Barros Telles do , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Pinheiro
Published: September 2015

A evolução dos índices de violência implica a adoção de estratégias para a proteção da população. As políticas de segurança pública devem focar a segurança preventiva, que tem o potencial de reduzir os índices de criminalidade. A alocação de postos de observação da polícia militar contribui para o aumento da segurança. Entretanto, dada a limitação de recursos, o número de unidades de observação é reduzido na maioria das cidades brasileiras. Uma alocação eficiente destes recursos é necessária para assegurar um uso racional dos agentes de segurança. Vários aspectos influenciam a decisão de instalação destas unidades, tornando este processo complexo. A abordagem multicritério é adequada para este tipo de processo decisório pois permite gerar e consolidar os conhecimentos do decisor. Os resultados obtidos apontam a alocação dos unidades de observação nos bairros mais que têm maior déficit social e maiores taxas de violência. Este trabalho formalizou o conhecimento tácito do gestor em conhecimento explícito. Com isso, as informações contidas no presente estudo podem ser disponibilizadas para outros gestores públicos que necessitem tomar este tipo de decisão.
Logística Reversa de medicamentos: estrutura no varejo farmacêutico
Authors: Aurelio Cecilia Juliani , Pimenta Renato Ferreira , Ueno Helene Mariko
Published: September 2015

Medicamentos vencidos ou não utilizados oferecem riscos ambientais e à saúde pública quando descartados inadequadamente no lixo comum e no vaso sanitário ou pia. A logística reversa propõe restituir ao setor empresarial resíduos de medicamentos para destinação final ambientalmente segura. Este estudo objetivou descrever a estrutura para logística reversa disponibilizada ao público consumidor em drogarias. Foram pesquisadas quatro drogarias, cada uma pertencente a grandes redes do varejo farmacêutico do Brasil. As drogarias foram investigadas nas esferas: operacional, econômica, institucional e educacional. Verificou-se que ações de logística reversa de medicamentos são praticadas parcialmente, pois nem sempre atingem a totalidade de drogarias das redes. Existe carência de disponibilização de equipamentos para o descarte específico destes resíduos e de informações de educação ambiental para a população. O presente estudo possibilitou a reflexão sobre as potencialidades da logística reversa de medicamentos como contribuinte para a educação ambiental da população e para a preservação ambiental.
O problema de designação de locais de armazenagem: aplicação em uma empresa do setor de agronegócio
Authors: Gomes Helton , Da Silva Letícia Monteiro , Sousa Amanda , Peixoto Maria Gabriela
Published: September 2015

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo propor um esquema eficiente de armazenagem para uma empresa do setor de agronegócio. A empresa estudada localiza-se na região do Alto Paranaíba–MG e, atua no ramo de exportação de grãos de café. Um sistema de armazenagem eficiente pode proporcionar uma melhoria na ocupação do espaço e na utilização dos recursos operacionais e do tempo do pessoal, além de facilitar no processo de separação de pedidos. Para isso, o problema foi modelado matematicamente como um problema de designação de locais de armazenagem (Storage Location Assignment Problem – SLAP), buscando a minimização dos custos de manuseio e a maximização da utilização do espaço e da eficiência do armazenamento. O modelo utilizado, com os dados coletados na empresa, foi resolvido utilizando o solver CPLEX versão 12.1. O novo cenário de armazenagem proposto pela resolução do modelo foi comparado com o cenário atual da empresa e, diversas vantagens foram observadas.