bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Worked consciously for future generations»: academician O. N. von Böhtlingk and development of comparative historical linguistics in the 19th century
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Lukin Oleg V.
Published: April 2022

The article considers the biography and scientific work of O. N. Böhtlingk, a prominent Russian linguist and academi-cian. The topicality of the research comes from the persistent scientific interest in the history of linguistics and its branches, as well as ongoing examination of scientists’ biographies from the standpoint of narrative linguistic historiog-raphy. The author of the article looks at different sides of the scientist’s work, paying special attention to his Sanskrit and Turkic studies. It is well known that an overwhelming majority of his works were in Sanskrit studies. O. N. Böht-lingk’s most outstanding works in this area were the Sanskrit-German dictionaries. “The Great Petersburg Dictionary” was published in St. Petersburg in seven volumes between 1855 and 1875, its concise version was issued in the period from 1879 to 1889. His Turkic studies are no less significant: his work on the Yakut language has become and still remains one of the first fundamental ones. The novelty of the paper is explained in the following statement: O. N. Böhtlingk’s scientific works paved the path for further development of more than only these two branches of linguis-tics. His numerous works have become the factual and methodological basis for the development of comparative his-torical linguistics, not only of Indo-European languages but also of other language families. The academician’s works written in the middle and at the end of the century, turned out to be relevant and in demand in the frame of other lin-guistic paradigms. Of particular interest to the author is also the linguist's social circle, which included not only major scholars from the German diaspora in the Russian capital, but also the most prominent representatives of Sanskrit studies and comparative historical linguistics, whose recognized center was Germany.
Internet-memes as object of linguistic research from the position of national and political tolerance
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University, Berenkova Violeta M.
Published: April 2022

Now the Internet is one of the main means of social communication and information interchange, which is carried out within the framework of the information field created with special technologies. Undoubtedly, in the hands of skilled manipulators the Internet can turn into a rather powerful and dangerous psychological weapon attacking people’s mind. One of such means of mass influence is the meme with national and political content. These comic pic-tures with laconic posts have become the cause for initiation of numerous legal proceedings. The purpose of the re-search is to investigate the opinion range that reflect peculiarities of the youth reaction concerning the Internet-meme with the national and political background and their tolerance level. The scientific novelty of the work is that the author examines the features of Internet memes with national connotations and approaches to identify offensive connota-tions in them. Besides, to reveal the degree of influence of the Internet-memes on recipients and their personal assess-ment of this information and communication phenomenon, anonymous questioning was carried out. The meme is a joke, sneer or criticism expressed by means of certain language means: more often, it is a picture with a laconic phrase spread throughout the Internet by various means. It usually causes particular interest and emotional response in the recipients. It has a certain urgent and topical problem in its background. Thus, the Internet-meme represents certain latent mechanism of speech influence. The basis for criminal prosecution for distributing memes online is primarily Ar-ticle 282 of the Criminal Code of the RF concerning extremism. At present, approaches to linguistic examination of memes are just being developed; it is often hard to prove the presence of offensive and extremist implications in the media object. The analysis of the studied information allows to establish that a meme whose propagation can cause legal proceedings and which represents certain danger to our society should possess the following characteristics: 1) aggression appeal, 2) offensive content, 3) propagation via mass-media and the Internet, 4) net relapse. The carried out experiment leads to the conclusion that Internet-memes are psychological means effective enough to influence peo-ple. Nevertheless, its influence is not equivocal and depends on the recipient’s mood. Undoubtedly, the issue of drawing up criteria for the linguistic analysis of memes to determine their danger to society is extremely relevant.
Metaphorical image of modern Russian culture in the American press
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Sharova Anna A.
Published: April 2022

The article deals with constructing the image of contemporary Russian culture in the US media. It states an important role of metaphors in this process. The most widely used metaphoric models of representing Russian culture are ana-lyzed on the basis of a number of articles in three American newspapers – The New York Times, Newsweek and The Washington Post (2010-2020), including the models "culture is war", "culture is politics", "Vladimir Putin is the godfather of culture", "culture is the power of modern Russia" and "culture is Russia". The study shows that in most cases Russian culture in American press is looked upon in close connection with politics and V. Putin's personality. The research data prove that the majority of metaphoric word usages tend to form the negative image of Russian culture in the eyes of US readers. Such aspects as the close ties of culture and politics, conservatism and reluctance to accept western values, significant impact of the ruling elite and oligarchs on culture are assessed negatively. Rich cultural traditions, the scale of issues addressed in the sphere of culture and personal support of some cultural institutions and figures by the president get the positive evaluation. At the same time culture is evaluated neutrally as the means of "soft power" – the ability to influence Russia's relations with western countries (as opposed to the hard power of constraint and finan-cial influence). In general, the study proves that nowadays metaphors describing our cultural life in American press are mostly used not as expressive means, but as the means of showing the negative aspects of culture in contemporary Russia.
Translation of scientific and technical discourse terminology (on the example of instructions for operating agricultural machinery)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Petrova Ekaterina I. , Naletova Oksana N. ,   Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Published: April 2022

This article is devoted to the analysis of techniques and methods of terminological units translation on the material of scientific and technical discourse texts. The rapid development of scientific and technological progress determines the practical need for the translation of scientific and technical documentation. Translation of texts and documents in scientific and technical discourse is an integral part of international economic relations and processes and is one of the factors of successful intercultural communication. In this case an important condition is compliance of the translated texts with the requirements of equivalence and adequacy. Scientific and technical texts, such as instruction manuals for agricultural machinery, are characterized by their rigor, logic, precision, conciseness, brevity, unambiguity and completeness, which all have an in-fluence on the translation of these texts. The increased density of information, as the most important feature of the texts of scientific and technical discourse, is achieved at the expense of a considerable number of terminological lexical units. The research shows that the lexical specificities of German and Russian and in particular the specificity of the terminological units are not identical and require special translation methods to be employed by the translator. This article examines the two main situations that arise when terminology is translated into a target language when an equivalent or equivalents are found in the respective dictionaries, and when no such equivalent is found. The analysis of translation techniques in the situation when there is no appropriate equivalent in the language to translate the term operating instructions has shown that the terminological units formed by hybrid type or using descriptive translation have been used most often.
One more idea of V. I. Dal: Dictionary of Russian writers
Authors:   Moscow state university of design and technology, Melnik Vladimir I.
Published: April 2022

This article reviews for the first time the materials of V. I. Dahl's «Notebook», published quite recently. It turns out that V. I. Dahl made an attempt to compile a dictionary of Russian writers. The approximate time of the work is substanti-ated between 1847–1855. In fact, the book is a draft attempt to write dictionary entries about certain authors. The alphabetical list includes 39 names, usually of less known authors, not previously included in existing dictionaries. The social status of the writers is of the greatest interest, since the authors selected by Dahl are in the field of his pro-fessional and spiritual interests: they are either civil servants, like Dahl himself, or clergymen. At the same time, Dahl's own professional interests played an important role in selecting the names for the «Notebook»: medicine, ethnography, Slavic studies, etc. In this sense, Dahl's Dictionary in its original form is partly autobiographical. The largest group of writers included in the «Notebook» are clergymen: bishops, and sometimes ordinary priests having their works published. Of the 39 names presented in the «Notebook», 17, that is, almost half, are the names of priests. The structure of the dictionary entries and the principles of Dahl's work on them are analyzed: he selected the au-thor, whose biographical article had recently been published, first retold this article in his own words, emphasizing cer-tain points, sometimes adding a certain degree of artistic expression to them; then largely expanded the bibliographical section of the entry, turning to existing reference books by A. Smirdin and D. Olkhin. Apparently, Dahl wanted to con-tinue his compiling work, but he was distracted by other plans.
Overcoming blindness and the music of memory: common motives in the stories by Wang Meng, V. Shukshin, and K. Paustovsky
Authors:   Southwest university in Chongqing, Boldyreva Elena M.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the system of echoing motives in the stories by Russian writers V. Shukshin «The Sun, the Old Man and the Girl» (1963) and K. Paustovsky «The Old Cook» (1940), and the Chinese writer Wang Meng «Listening to the Sea» (1982), where the central place in the artistic space is taken by a steady dyad of characters based on gender and age antinomy: a blind old man and a young girl. The author of the article examines the story of Wang Meng «Listening to the Sea» in the motive context of the Russian literature of the mid-20th century, which allows to emphasize new meanings in it and to identify artistic universals that create a multi-dimensional, multi-level space of the text. The influence of foreign literature on Van Meng’s style acts as a communicative mechanism without which the writer's creative evolution is impossible. The article highlights many motive and image echoes that are significant to the writers' artistic world: the archetype of the wise old man, whose universal characteristics are embodied by the heroes of all three stories with various degrees of «purity»; motives of blindness, insight and epiphany, the motive of symbolic overcoming blindness through music and memory, the motives of silence and death. The article concludes that the actualization of the intertextual ties in Van Meng's story allows us to read it as an artistic representation of the key uni-versals of the XX century culture, as a work about blindness and epiphany, about death and rebirth, about eternity and omnipotence of art, about the resurrecting theurgical power of memory, and in this sense, the story becomes a kind of «genetic dossier», where the principles of the «letter of memory» in the later Van Meng’s works are formed. These prin-ciples were most forcefully expressed in his famous novel «Metamorphoses, or a Game of Folding Pictures» which al-lows to consider working with memory, including cultural memory, as an integral basis of Van Meng’s work, helping to put together the disconnected images of the past into a coherent picture of «memory elision».
Gender and overcoming it in the work of A. L. Ivanchenko
Authors:   Yaroslavl music school (college) named after L. V. Sobinov, Dubakov Leonid V.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to analysing the perception of concepts related to the human sex in the novels and essays of A. Ivanchenko. The article specifies that this author's prescription is primarily due to Buddhist philosophy. The novel «SWEDENBORG. The Separate Life of the Genitals» demonstrates the external suppression of man's higher spiritual movements, and, as a result, the moral and mental decay due to the hero's absorption in the lust for existence, especial-ly the lust for sexuality. It is one of the basic darkening aspects of Buddhism that plunges one into suffering: sensual attachment, or raga, which Ivanchenko believes to be the main one. The artistic conception of the novel «SWEDENBORG. Separate life of the genitals» is also due to the symbolic (phallic) interpretation of the title image in N. Gogol’s novel «The Nose» and the mysticism of E. Swedenborg, who also discussed the posthumous consequences of adultery. The hero of the novel takes a dual position: on the one hand, he realizes and exposes to the reader the cor-rupting nature of modern reality, on the other, he accepts this situation and thus debunks it even more by the example of his own life. The novel «Monogram» and essays included in the cycle «Homo Mysticus». «The Sutras of the Sun-strokeSunstroke» offer various Buddhist ways to overcome gender and, more broadly, sensual affection to samsaric reality: comprehending the consequences of bad existence, discovering the illusory nature of a person, turning to meditation cultivating aversion to the sensual in the human mind.
The new media-discourse culture and modern political communication studies
Authors:   Peoples' friendship university of Russia, Chekunova Marina A.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the study is to conduct a structural and semantic analysis of the new culture of media discourse in the context of contemporary political communication studies, which includes political rhetoric, symbolic communication, text and implied sense of messages. This article examines three types of political communication, developed under the influence of certain trends in forming the political environment, the need to substantiate changes in society and the transformation of a one-way dialogue between the authorities and the citizens of the country into an interactive process. The conclusion is that a new culture of media discourse between candidates and voters has been formed. A new type of cross-cutting communication "top-to-bottom and bottom-to-top" allows the citizens to actively participate in choosing the ways of social and political development through new media (websites, social networks, Internet fo-rums, government portals, and video content resources). Modern media play a vital role in political communication and open new ways to mobilize public opinion and motivate voters to participate in socioal and political activities. Eve-ry political party advertises itself in social networks, on websites or video streaming channels (YouTube, etc.) to appeal to the widest possible audience. The thoughtful use of Internet resources helps to form a positive reputational image of a politician, activate civil society, and at the same time increases the effectiveness of forecasting management process-es. The online component of the 2021 election campaign has become a major innovative element of the 21st century political communication model. The new culture of media discourse promotes a greater and more effective impact on society, youth, and the civic population in general.
Vocabulary of colors in I.S. Shmelev’s novel The Ways of Heaven
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Mikhaylova Olga E.
Published: April 2022

The article analyzes adjectives with the meaning "color" in the novel The Ways of Heaven by I.S. Shmelev. Despite the attention of modern researchers to the last work of the writer, the language of this novel has not been studied enough yet. The subject of the research is lexemes with the meaning «color», from the point of view of their functionality and semantic content. The purpose of the article is to determine the main ways of creating the world view of colors in the literary space of the novel The Ways of Heaven. Researchers pay attention to the fact, that the vocabulary of colors is highly frequent and polysemic and becomes a symbolic feature of the author's individual style especially in I.S. Shmelev’s last work. Along with the main colors, mixed colors also play an important role. They are presented in the text by compound names that include two colors and are formed by combining word stems and a whole word, paired nominations consisting of names of the main color and its shade. To describe the events taking place in the text of the novel, I.S. Shmelev uses lexemes, in which the semantic ele-ment «light» can be traced. It is shown that the words denoting colors in the novel The Ways of Heaven have a num-ber of functions in the structure of the text : 1) nominative: taking part in creating the real plan, everyday space of the novel; 2) emotional-evaluative: lexemes of this group convey the inner struggle of the characters, their attitude to the current events; 3) psychological: reveals spiritual torment of the characters, their reflections; 4) religious-axiological: reflects the author's religious ideas about the world..
Business communication course in Russia: assessments and concerns
Authors:   Pushkin state Russian language institute, Annushkin Vladimir I. , Yi Hui H. ,   Pushkin state Russian language institute
Published: April 2022

The article deals with the problem of teaching business communication in situations of starting professional activity, in situations related to employment and further professional education. Particular attention is paid to the forms of organizing vocational training in Russia. The authors determine the concept of modern business communication and its importance. Not only do the problems of communication attract considerable attention among people of different ages, professions and education, but, above all, they are an essential component of any specialist’s professional competence. A modern specialist needs knowledge in the field of business communications to be able to understand communication partners, establish contacts with them, conduct business conversations, negotiations, and master the basics of public speech. The features of business negotiations are described in the article. Negotiations is business communication with the aim of reaching a joint solution. Throughout our lives, we negotiate, exchange commitments and promises. Whenever two people need to come to an agreement, they must negotiate. Negotiations proceed in the form of business discourse on issues of interest to both parties, and serve to establish cooperation ties. Negotiations differ significantly in their goals: signing a supply contract, a contract for conducting research or design work, an agreement on cooperation and coordination of activities, etc. The authors consider the process of teaching professional business communication in Russia. Business (professional) communication is the most common and complex type of communication between people in society; without it, interaction in the field of economic, legal, diplomatic, commercial, and administrative relations is impossible. The ability to successfully conduct business negotiations, to draw up a business document competently and correctly, and much more has now become an integral part of the professional culture of any person: a manager, a leader at all levels, a referent, an employee. To achieve high performance in almost any professional activity, it is necessary to possess a certain set of information, knowledge, ideas about the rules and principles of business communication. “Business is the ability to talk to people,” say enterprising Americans.
Human resources for the development of institutional models of project activities in public administration
Authors:   Kuban state university, Krasnodar, Shpiro Laura A.
Published: April 2022

The author describes the institutional model of project management in the Russian Federation, which includes two interconnected sets of institutional mechanisms (strategic design and project management) at the national and regional levels. The empirical methods of the study were a traditional analysis of documents and an expert survey of representatives of regional and departmental project offices of the Krasnodar Territory), experts in project management. Two waves of expert interviews were conducted (2019 and 2021), within the framework of which 40 experts were interviewed. According to the results of the study, a set of resources (personnel, political-administrative, socio-economic, communication-network) for the development of the project management system in the state authorities of the Krasnodar Territory was determined, as well as problems in the formation of personnel resources were identified and described. In modern realities, the personnel resource for the development of the institutional model of project activity is key in the public sector of the Krasnodar Territory. In this regard, a set of competencies is defined that are necessary for the successful implementation of projects in state authorities; here are described technologies of development of project competences of state civil servants (educational, network, psychological, technologies of social elevators) implementing the project activity; practical recommendations for improving project management in the state authorities of the Krasnodar Territory have been developed, based on work with project teams. The set of problems and factors identified and formulated by the author that affect the effectiveness of the implementation of project management in the Krasnodar Territory, as well as reasonable resources and technologies for the development of project competencies of state civil servants, can be used in the design of effective institutional mechanisms for the further development of project activities in the public administration of the Krasnodar Territory.
Patriotic youth organizations of the “Two Altais”: current state and development patterns
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Shashkova Yaroslava Y. , Aseev Sergey Y. ,   Altai State University, Barnaul
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the spectrum of youth patriotic organizations in the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic. Based on the data of the mass survey of schoolchildren in 8-11 grades conducted in the fall of 2020, adolescents show a low assessment of the role of these organizations in the formation of patriotism and little involvement in their activities. The study of the main directions of the functioning of existing patriotic organizations made it possible to conclude that military sports organizations are predominant among them engaged in the preparation of young men for the army and the propaganda of the power-militaristic version of patriotism. Against their background a much smaller share of the spectrum is taken by search teams and museums at schools and other organizations. The trend of increasing importance in the regions of the departments of resource-secured all-Russian movements “Russian Movement of Schoolchildren” and “Unarmia” was highlighted. Their projects cover all the main areas of patriotic work with young people, which leads to the absorption of RMSh and Unarmia of previously created patriotic organizations (primarily in educational institutions) or the establishment of partnerships with them. On the basis of the comparative analysis of the structure of patriotic organizations of the Two Altais, its identity was established, with a higher percentage of youth participation and the intensity of influence on it in the national republic. It was concluded that the modern patriotic organizations of the studied regions are not able to have a significant impact on the studying youth in view of their small number and limited possibilities of mass mobilization. It is noted that in practice, the existing spectrum of patriotic organizations covers primarily young men from small towns and rural areas, only fragmentally attracting the remaining segments of the student youth.
Educational component of socialization in the system of children’s supplementary education
Authors:   Institute for the Study of Childhood, Family and Education of the Russian Academy of Education, Moscow., Golovanov Viktor P.
Published: April 2022

Modern supplementary education of children objectively defines education as a dominant, considering it as a priority component of supplementary education. Despite the fact that in the Federal Law of July 31, 2020 No. 304-FZ “On Amending the Federal Law” On Education in the Russian Federation “On the education of students” there is no direct indication of the obligation to develop an exemplary program of education in organizations of supplementary education, objectively in the modern sociocultural situation, there is a need to implement the educational potential of supplementary general education programs. In this regard, this article deals with new approaches to organizing educational activities in the educational system. It is noted that in modern socio-cultural conditions, education should be focused on achieving two interconnected goals: the success of socialization of younger generations and the self-development of a person as a subject of activity, as a person and as an individual. Education is considered as a pedagogically organized process of personal development, development and acceptance of values, moral standards of society. The article takes into account that in connection with the legislative initiative of the President of the Russian Federation V. V. Putin of May 21, 2020 on the draft federal law “On Amendments to the Federal Law” On Education in the Russian Federation “on the education of students”, the appeal to the problem of education in the education system becomes especially relevant. The emphasis is placed on the State's conscious need to restore the educational function of education and its new understanding.
Criteria for the formation of professional intercultural interaction between Russian and foreign students
Authors:   Siberian State University of Railways, Novosibirsk, Selkova Anna V.
Published: April 2022

The trajectory of the development of the modern world determines the special significance of the individual's ability to exist and act successfully in conditions of cultural diversity in the field of professional activity, which actualizes the problem of mastering the skills of professional intercultural interaction by future specialists. Participation in this type of interaction becomes possible already at the stage of mastering the profession in the educational organization of higher education due to the pedagogical meaningful organization of professional communication between Russian and foreign students. The article describes the criteria by which the success of professional intercultural interaction between Russian and foreign students is determined, the initial results of experimental work on the study of indicators according to these criteria are presented. The study was carried out from the position of a cultural approach, according to which subjects of pedagogically organized interaction are considered as representatives of a certain socio-cultural type. The main focus is on the interpretation of indicators obtained by specialized methods with comparison of responses from both Russian and foreign students. The results of the experiment allow us to approach an objective understanding of the initial and current state of the process of professional intercultural interaction between Russian and foreign students and take measures to intensify it in the conditions of the Russian educational organization of higher education. In conclusion, the problems of professional intercultural interaction between Russian and foreign students are formulated, which are correlated by the author with educational work at the university and focus pedagogical science on the search for methods, means and forms designed to ensure the appearance and development of Russian and foreign students both the need for professional intercultural interaction and the ability to carry out this interaction, to be a full and active participant there.
Historical discourse of Mikhailovsky castle's artistic universe: aspects of power
Authors:   Yaroslavl state theatre institute, Letin Vyacheslav A.
Published: April 2022

This article examines the historical discourse of Emperor Paul's representational program of power and personality in the context of the artistic universe of his St. Petersburg residence, the Mikhailovsky Castle. This large-scale project, Paul I embodied not only advanced building and decoration technologies of contemporary palace construction, but also the traditions of the sovereign's power and personality representation inherent in the palace discourse. The Mikhailovsky Castle of Emperor Paul I was both the most “expensive” object of palace construction and the most “conceptual”. His symbolic program absorbed the principles of power representation implemented in the residences of his predecessors. However, at the same time, it was formed personally by the royal customer. Examining the correspondence between the compositional axes of the building to the earthly (south-north) and spiritual (west-east) aspects of existence, the author of the publication reveals the symbolic, gender and historical principles in the composition of the grand enfilades of Paul I (southern and eastern parts of the palace) and Maria Feodorovna (northern and western parts of the palace). The researcher focuses on interpreting the history of Russia and the Sovereign's persona in the setting of the palace's exterior and interiors of the palace. The detailed semiotic analysis of the historical paintings created by J. Atkinson and G. I. Ugryumov on the initiative of Emperor Paul I for the Resurrection Hall of the Palace reveals the concept of power, based on the principles of masculinity, patriotism and sacredness. The gallery of hero rulers (the first of their kind), created by the artists, presented Paul I as one of the royal pioneers – the first ruler to unite not only secular and spiritual power, but also the Eastern and Western Christian churches. The dualism of secular and sacred principles is the leitmotif of the historical discourse of the palace decor, which, in turn, corresponds to the idee fixe of its sovereign master.
Russian directing school and dramaturgy in Vahe Shakhverdyan's theater
Authors:   Yaroslavl state theatre institute, Azeeva Irina V. , Nazlukhanyan Artem V. ,   Yaroslavl state theatre institute, Yaroslavl
Published: April 2022

The authors focus on the theater of the director Vahe Shakhverdyan, which is a phenomenon in the history and modern life of Armenian performing art. Emphasizing the relevance and significance of the theatrical and cultural description of this artistic phenomenon, the authors correlate it with the phenomenon of the independent theater. The research is based on the principles of studying and analysing the director’s theater developed by the Russian school of theater studies. The article is the first attempt of the theatrical analysis of Shakhverdyan’s creative work as a stage director. The authors emphasize the decisive role of the Russian directing theater training in the formation and development of Shakhverdyan's theater. The artistic originality of Shakhverdyan’s theater is revealed during the analysis of his performances based on Russian classical drama. The performances based on the plays by M. Y. Lermontov, A. N. Ostrovsky and A. P. Chekhov, staged by Shakhverdyan in Armenian and Russian theaters are analyzed in the article. The research is based on the analysis of video footage of the plays, descriptions of performances by critics, and on the material from conversations of one of the authors of the article with the director Shakhverdyan, as well as on other interviews given by the director. The results of the study allow us to assert that Russian theater and Russian drama occupy one of the most important places in Shakhverdyan’s theater. The productions of Russian plays demonstrate Shakhverdyan’s original directing manner. It is distinguished by his bright theatrical metaphors, lack of gravitation toward immediate relevance, and an expressed desire for philosophical, humanistic performances. Shakhverdyan's individual theatrical style is based on the Russian directing education he received, on his comprehension of Russian stage performances by outstanding Soviet and Russian directors, and on the national character of Armenian people, their mentality, temperament, vivid imagery and tragic perception of the world.
Translations and studies of V. Rasputin and Russian rural prose in China
Authors:   Nanjing University, Nanjing, Yang Zhao
Published: April 2022

The article presents an analytical review of translations and researches of V. Rasputin's works and Russian rural prose in China. The author notes that Russian “rural prose” and the work of the major writer of this genre, Rasputin, have outstanding artistic characteristics and have an important influence on Chinese modern and contemporary literature. This article discusses in detail the main stages of studying Rasputin's work and “rural prose” in Chinese literary criticism, as well as outlines and comments on the various scientific points of view of Chinese scholars. The article identifies three stages in studying this phenomenon of Russian literature: the first stage - 1980s-1990s, when Chinese literary scholars focused on ethical issues and issues of national character, seeing in the rural prose an attempt at spiritual salvation and the revival of national consciousness. The second stage is from the 1990s to the first decade of XXI century, in the period of “reform and opening up” in China when contradictions between urban and rural areas were intensified, and many modern Chinese writers expressed in their works a call to protect national culture, which caused their natural interest in V. Rasputin's works, depicting the fierce clash of national culture and Western civilization in the period of social transformations. Finally, the third stage is the beginning of the 21st century, when Chinese studies of Russian rural prose gain many new directions and perspectives (comparativist and narratological studies).
Pemberdayaan Pembudidaya Ikan dan Udang Tambak, Desa Kendalkemlagi, Kecamatan Karanggeneng, Kabupaten Lamongan, Propinsi Jawa Timur
[Empowerement For Fish and Prawn Farmers In Pond At Kendalkemlagi Village, Karanggeneng District, Lamongan Regency, East Java Province ]
Authors: Arief Muhammad , Mukti Akhmad Taufiq , Sudarno Sudarno
Published: April 2022

Abstract The aim of this IbM program was empowerement for fish and prawn farmers through good conducting and correctness management of fish and prawn cultures in pond. Activity method were discussion and training on management of fish and prawn culture in pond.. Result of this IbM program were improve knowledge and skill of fish and prawn farmers to manage well and correctness of fish and prawn cultures in pond. This program can used to effort increase production yield of fish and prawn cultures in pond.
Pengaruh Luas Penutupan Terumbu Karang Pada Lokasi Biorock dan Reef Seen Terhadap Keragaman Spesies Ikan di Wilayah Perairan Pemuteran, Bali
[Closure Area Effect On Reefs Rehabilitation in Biorock and Reef Seen Habitat Against Fish Species Diversity In Regional Aquatic Pemuteran, Bali ]
Authors: Mubarak A. Shofy , Twinandia Destya , Mukti Akhmad Taufiq
Published: April 2022

Abstract This study aims to determine the percentage of coral reefs with extensive closure Biorock method and determine the relationship between the percentage of closure on the abundance of fish species in the area of rehabilitation with Biorock method. The study was conducted at two locations, locations with Biorock and natural reefs (Reef Seen). Research carried out by using the line transect method or Point Intercept Transect (PIT) with a direct enumeration technique Cencus Visual Method (VCM) and photo transects for data reef fish and coral reef data. Transects installed in locations that have been selected, the depth of 8 m. The main parameters studied, namely the abundance of coral and fish species identified at the sites. Supporting the studied parameters of physical and chemical parameters of waters, including: temperature, salinity, water pH and brightness and the percentage cover of coral. Measurement of water quality, including: temperature, depth, salinity, acidity and brightness. The results of this research is vast percentage of coral cover on the location Biorock of 38.5% with the type of branching Acropora growth, while at the location of Reef Seen by 43.5% to the type of hard coral growth form of corals that dominate submasif. The percentage of coral cover has no influence on the abundance of species of reef fish in the territorial waters of Pemuteran, Bali.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Warna Cahaya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kultur Spirulina sp.
[ The Effect Of Light Colour To Growth Culture Of Spirullina sp. ]
Authors: Kusdarwati Rahayu , Bustaman Reista Herwiyanti , Arief Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Abstract Spirulina sp. is a microalgae that has spread widely, and can live in brackish waters, marine and freshwater. Spirulina is often the dominant species and can cause bloom (Ciferri, 1983 in Hu, 2004). Spirulina sp. have the ability to photosynthesize and convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates. The best environmental conditions for growth are in areas rich in sunlight, rainfall is, rich in carbon dioxide and temperature in the range of 25-35 ° C and pH ranging from 7.2 to 9.5. Spirulina sp. able to survive at salinity between 20-70 ppt, pH between 9 - 11 (Ciferri, 1983 in Richmond, 1986). This study aimed to know To know the color of light affect the growth of Spirulina sp. and the light color is best in promoting the growth of Spirulina sp. Effect of different colors of light can affect the growth of Spirulina sp. Methods The study is an experiment with the experimental design used was CRD (Completely Randomized Design) with five treatments and three replications with different colors of light that is A (white), B (green), C (blue), D (red), E (yellow). The color of light have different wavelengths, absorption by the different pigments and different penetration capabilities.
IbM KELOMPOK PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN PADA DAERAH TERTINGGAL KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO DALAM BENTUK DIVERSIFIKASI PRODUK OLAHAN BERKUALITAS FISH CAKE YANG DIPERKAYA RUMPUT LAUT
[IbM OF FISH FARMER COMMUNITIES AT LACK AREA OF BOJONEGORO REGENCY THROUGH PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION HAVE A CERTAIN QUALITY OF FISH CAKE WITH SEAWEED COMPLEMENTATION]
Authors: Alamsjah Moch. Amin
Published: April 2022

Abstract IbM of Fish Farmer at Lack Area of Bojonegoro Regency Through Product Diversification Have a Certain Quality of Fish Cake With Seaweed Complementation (Moch. Amin Alamsjah dan Imam Suprayogi, 2011). Public service program through product diversification of fish cake from catfish with seaweed complementation for increasing of protein and iodine at lack of nutrient and disaster area of Bojonegoro Regency were done and developed by catfish farmer at Bojonegoro Regency so that it can inovate economic endeavor significantly. Response, enthuasiastic and activity of catfish farmer communities to expand diversification of catfish product with seaweed complementation were very high. Technique guidance and monitor programs must be expanded and dessiminated continuosly by Fisheries and Animal Husbandry Department and Trading and Industry Department of Bojonegoro Regency. Furthermore, networking between industry and market shall be facilitied by related institution so that catfish farmer can produce catfish flesh with seaweed complementation more better in quality and professional.
Doppler Shift Tolerance of Typical Pseudorandom Binary Sequences in PMCW Radar
Authors: Giroto de Oliveira Lucas , Antes Theresa , Nuss Benjamin , Bekker Elizabeth , Bhutani Akanksha , Diewald Axel , Alabd Mohamad Basim , Li Yueheng , Pauli Mario , Zwick Thomas
Published: April 2022

In the context of all-digital radar systems, phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW) based on pseudorandom binary sequences (PRBSs) appears a prominent candidate modulation scheme for applications such as autonomous driving. Among the reasons for that are its simplified transmitter architecture and lower linearity requirements, e.g., compared to orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing radars, as well as its high velocity unambiguity and multiple-input multiple-output operation capability that are characteristic of digital radars. For appropriate operation of a PMCW radar, choosing a PRBS whose periodic autocorrelation function (PACF) has low sidelobes and high robustness to Doppler shifts is paramount. In this sense, this article performs an analysis of Doppler shift tolerance of the PACFs of typically adopted PRBSs in PMCW radar systems supported by simulation and measurement results. To accurately measure the Doppler-shift-induced degradation of PACFs, peak power loss ratio (PPLR), peak sidelobe level ratio (PSLR), and integrated-sidelobe level ratio (ISLR) were used as metrics. Furthermore, to account for effects on targets whose ranges are not multiples of the range resolution, oversampled PACFs are analyzed.
Research of Active Rc- And Rlc-filters Based On Concentrated Elements in the Basis of Ultra-Wideband Cascades with a Minimum Number of Transistors and Low Current Consumption
Authors: Alexey Titov , Petr Budyakov , Prokopenko Nikolay , Bugakova Anna
Published: April 2022

The article shows that active RC- and RLC- filters based on the simplest wideband SiGe transistor stages are quite promising for RF and microwave frequency ranges. The results of computer simulation of the RC- and RLC-filters proposed by the authors of this article, which are oriented for use in communication and telecommunications devices, incl. with tunable and adaptive parameters.
Functionally Graded Material Fabricated by Powder-based Laser Directed Energy Deposition: From Conventional to Complex Concentrated Alloys
Authors: Li Kun , Wang Xin , Xiong Wei
Published: April 2022

Directed energy deposition (DED) is an efficient method to fabricate functionally graded materials (FGMs) with gradient composition and complex structures, allowing for local tailoring of properties instead of the costly need for extraneous welds and joints. In this study, a FGM from stainless steel to Inconel alloy was successfully fabricated using the powder-based laser DED. A very refined grain structure has been observed in at the composition with 75 wt.% Inconel alloy content, which also exhibits the highest (entropy). For the first time, the post heat treatments, microstructure and aging precipitation behaviors of FGMs were systematically studied via experimental characterization and computation, to elucidate their effects on the gradient smoothing and mechanical properties. The diffusion and segregation of Ni, Nb and Ti elements underly the transformation mechanism between Laves, δ, γ’ and γ’’ phases during precipitation. Homogenization on FGMs not only eliminates the heterogeneity inherited from the AM process, but also provides a practical way to smoothen the gradient on composition and microstructure for the eventual good gradient properties. It has a direct influence on the following precipitation behaviors in the FGM, which highly relies on the diffusion degree of the elements in the matrix and grain boundaries. The high-throughput thermodynamic modeling and kinetic modeling were exploited to evaluate the experimental microstructure and address computational uncertainty using different thermodynamic conditions and databases, which enables an accelerated design through local tailoring of process-structure-property relationships to develop new functional materials.
A Facile Fabrication of CdSe/ZnS QDs -Block Copolymer Brushes Modified Graphene Oxide Nanohybrid with Temperature-Responsive Behavior
Authors: Song Yajiao , Yu Hongcui , Wang Xiaohui , Liu Jinglin , Liu Jinghai
Published: April 2022

In this work, thermo-responsive block copolymer brushes modified graphene oxide (GO) nanohybrid was fabricated successfully via the host-guest interaction between β-cyclodextrin functionalized GO and azobenzene-terminated PNIPAM-b-P(St-co-MQ). The block copolymer was synthesized using reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization based on the monomers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), 5-(2-methacryloyl-ethyloxymethyl) -8-quinolinol (MQ), styrene (St) and an azobenzene functional RAFT agent. The 8-hydroxyquinoline units containing in the block polymer can coordinate with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots(QDs) to form a CdSe/ZnS QDs-block copolymer brushes modified graphene oxide fluorescence nanohybrid (QDs/polymer/GO fluorescence nanohybrid) and the resulting fluorescence nanohybrid had a robust temperature responsive property which result from the change in the PNIPAM conformation in the block copolymer on the surface of GO.
Rationale for antiepidemic measures aimed to prevent focal incidence of COVID-19 in dormitories (on the example of Moscow)
Authors:   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zadoroshnyy A.V. , Pshenichnaya N.Yu. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation, Akimkin V.G. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation, Maleev V.V. ,   Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many infection foci were registered in dormitories. Therefore, it is critical to have a clear understanding of the effectiveness of antiepidemic measures (AEMs) that appear to be one of the most important method to prevent the spread of the virus. Objective. To provide a scientific rationale for AEMs used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in dormitories. Materials and methods. We compared the epidemic process in 5 representative COVID-19 foci, depending on AEMs initiated at these foci. The t-test was used to check the statistical hypothesis (p ≤ 0.05). Results. The epidemiological analysis demonstrated that the severity of COVID-19 epidemic process correlated with the effectiveness of AEMs. Absence of AEMs during focus formation promoted rapid spread of the virus among residents on all floors of the dormitory. The epidemic process in these dormitories was characterized by a chronic course with a high incidence rate. The implementation of a complex of AEMs when first COVID-19 cases were registered prevented the formation of a large infection focus and facilitated its timely isolation. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that AEMs are the main measures to limit focal incidence of COVID-19 in the dormitories of Moscow. Key words: infection focus, dormitory, antiepidemic measures, COVID-19