bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of potato mineral nutrition in the central region of the Non-Chernozem zone
Authors: Шитикова А. , Абиала А.
Published: August 2022

Комплексные исследования влияния подкормок азотными удобрениями на продуктивность картофеля проводили в многофакторных полевых опытах в 2017–2018 годах на Полевой опытной станции РГАУ–МСХА им. К. А. Тимирязева. Установлены наиболее эффективные виды удобрений для картофеля, позволяющие улучшить рост, развитие, параметры фотосинтетической деятельности, товарную и семенную продуктивность посадок и качество клубней. Азотное питание усиливало фотосинтетическую деятельность растений картофеля, что выражалось в увеличении высоты растений (на 1–3 см), массы ботвы (на 9–15%), площади листьев (на 5–8%). Наибольшая площадь листьев — 54,3 тыс. м2/га — достигалась при внесении аммиачной селитры в дозе N60, а также при применении нитрата кальция дробно (15+15) — 46,8 тыс. м2/га. На хорошо окультуренных почвах применение в качестве подкормки нитрата кальция обеспечивало прибавку урожая от 2,3 до 6,4 т/га. Наиболее высокая урожайность — 37,6 т/га — получена в варианте, в котором дробно вносили нитрат кальция в дозах 15+15; средняя высота растений при этом была 59,9 см, густоте стеблестоя — 168,5 тыс. шт./га, площадь листьев — 46,8 тыс. м2/га и NDVI — 0,92 ед. Экономически оправданным в наших исследованиях было дробное внесение нитрата кальция в дозах 15+15, что выразилось в снижении себестоимости производства и повышении рентабельности.

Multi-factorial field trials were conducted at the Field Experimental Station of the Russian Timiryazev State Agrarian University in 2017–2018. Potato productivity was analyzed as affected by nitrogen fertilization. The most effective fertilizers selected improved potato growth, development, photosynthetic activity, tuber and seed productivity and quality. Nitrogen nutrition increased photosynthetic activity of plants leading to higher height (by 1–3 cm), top mass (by 9–15%) and wider leaf area (by 5–8%). The widest leaf area — 54.3 thousand m2 ha-1 — occurred under applications of ammonium nitrate (N60) and calcium nitrate (15+15) — 46.8 thousand m2 ha-1. Application of calcium nitrate in well-cultivated soil resulted in yield increase from 2.3 to 6.4 t ha-1. The highest productivity — 37.6 t ha-1 — was achieved in the variant treated with calcium nitrate (15+15); average plant height was 59.9 cm, plant density — 168.5 thousand pcs. ha-1, leaf area — 46.8 thousand m2 ha-1 and NDVI — 0.92. Split application of calcium nitrate showed to be economically effective improving the production payback.
Pedagogical technology of value-semantic sociology
Authors: Курбатов А.В. , Курбатова Л.А.
Published: August 2022

Процесс трансформации мировой экономики, вызванный глобальным экономическим кризисом и сопровождающийся активизацией военных конфликтов, вызвал обострение кризиса социологии, причины которого являются предметом активных дискуссий со второй половины двадцатого века. В числе основных наиболее часто упоминаются неоднозначное отношение к трактовке объекта, предмета и метода социологии, а также несоответствие социологических оценок и прогнозов реальным процессам, характеризующим образ жизни современного общества, невозможность эффективного использования результатов научных исследований для реального положительного влияния на процесс трансформации социально-экономического уклада. Статья посвящена ценностно-смысловой социологии – новому научному направлению, сочетающему актуальность научного аппарата и адекватность результатов его практического применения.

The process of transformation of the world economy caused by the global economic crisis and accompanied by the intensification of military conflicts has caused an aggravation of the crisis of sociology, the causes of which have been the subject of active discussions since the second half of the twentieth century. Among the main ones, the ambiguous attitude to the interpretation of the object, subject and method of sociology is most often mentioned, as well as the discrepancy between sociological assessments and forecasts to real processes characterizing the lifestyle of modern society, the inability to effectively use the results of scientific research for a real positive impact on the process of transformation of the socio-economic way of life. The article is dedicated to value-semantic sociology – a new scientific direction combining the relevance of the scientific apparatus and the adequacy of the results of its practical application.Ключевые слова Социология, кризис, система, ценности, смыслы, адекватность, цифровизация, структуризация, оптимизация, трансформация, устойчивость, развитие.
Application of methods of mathematical definition of technologization of training
Authors: Гачаев А.М. , Исаев Х.А.
Published: August 2022

В условиях изменения векторов развития на интеграционные, глобализационные, информатизационные основной целью системы последипломного образования является удовлетворение индивидуальных потребностей специалиста в личном профессиональном росте, повышение его конкурентоспособности в соответствии с общественными потребностями, а также обеспечение заинтересованности государства в квалифицированных кадрах высокого уровня профессионализма и культуры, способности компетентно и ответственно выполнять профессиональные функции, способствовать успешному социально-экономическому прогрессу общества. Основной задачей непрерывного образования является углубление компетентностей специалистов в соответствии с достижениями современной науки и требованиями рынка труда. Совершенствование профессиональной компетентности педагога заключается в том, что профессиональные знания должны формироваться одновременно на всех уровнях – методологическом, теоретическом, технологическом, практическом, личностном. Это требует профессионального мышления, способности подбирать, анализировать, синтезировать полученные знания в достижении педагогической цели, целостно представлять технологию их применения.

In the conditions of changing development vectors to integration, globalization, informatization, the main goal of the postgraduate education system is to meet the individual needs of a specialist in personal professional growth, increase his competitiveness in accordance with public needs, as well as ensuring the state's interest in qualified personnel of a high level of professionalism and culture, the ability to competently and responsibly perform professional functions, contribute to successful social- economic progress of society. The main task of continuing education is to deepen the competencies of specialists in accordance with the achievements of modern science and the requirements of the labor market. The improvement of a teacher's professional competence lies in the fact that professional knowledge should be formed simultaneously at all levels – methodological, theoretical, technological, practical, personal. This requires professional thinking, the ability to select, analyze, synthesize the acquired knowledge in achieving the pedagogical goal, to holistically represent the technology of their application.
Formation of prerequisites for the integrated development of the ecological imperative in education
Authors: Сегал М.С. , Куц А.В. , Фирсов В.С.
Published: August 2022

Внедрение компетентностного подхода в систему высшей школы в РФ сейчас является актуальной проблемой отечественного образования и требует пристального внимания педагогического сообщества. Рядом нормативных документов установлен перечень ключевых (жизненных) компетенций, которыми должен обладать будущий специалист, способный профессионально выполнять поставленные задачи в условиях развития постиндустриального общества. К сожалению, экологическая компетентность не была включена в этот перечень, однако с нарастанием экологического кризиса в нашей стране и целом мире, подготовка экологически образованных, компетентных специалистов в области сохранения и охраны окружающей среды является актуальной и востребованной. Несмотря на экологические вызовы современности, изучение сущности и структуры экологической компетентности будущих педагогов как составляющей их профессиональной подготовки, становится приоритетным направлением современного высшего образования. Для понимания сущности структурных компонентов экологической компетентности личности важное значение имеет выделение ее функций.

The introduction of a competence-based approach into the higher school system in the Russian Federation is now an urgent problem of domestic education and requires the close attention of the pedagogical community. A number of regulatory documents have established a list of key (vital) competencies that a future specialist should possess who is able to professionally perform the tasks set in the conditions of the development of a post-industrial society. Unfortunately, environmental competence was not included in this list, however, with the growing ecological crisis in our country and the whole world, the training of ecologically educated, competent specialists in the field of conservation and environmental protection is relevant and in demand. Despite the environmental challenges of our time, the study of the essence and structure of environmental competence of future teachers as a component of their professional training is becoming a priority area of modern higher education. To understand the essence of the structural components of an individual's environmental competence, it is important to highlight its functions.
Formation of financial literacy of future engineers in higher mathematics classes
Authors: Успаева М.Г. , Гачаев А.М.
Published: August 2022

Стремительное распространение финансовых отношений на все сферы жизнедеятельности человека актуализирует проблему повышения финансовой грамотности населения. В современных условиях развития российского государства, реформирования экономики, образования, финансовой культуры, ключевым моментом прогресса является формирование финансовой грамотности будущих специалистов, в частности инженеров. Высшая математика относится к одной из основных фундаментальных дисциплин в программе подготовки будущих инженеров в технических вузах, на занятиях которой можно формировать финансовую грамотность. Будущие специалисты технических специальностей благодаря курсу высшей математики усваивают математические методы, приобретают навыки решения основных типов задач и главное — овладевают знаниями по математике, которые являются инструментами финансовой грамотности. Проблема финансовой грамотности приобрела широкую актуальность и начинает исследоваться многими учеными. Вопрос повышения финансовой грамотности рассмотрены в работах как ученых - экономистов, так и ученых-педагогов по вопросам теории и методики профессионального образования и методик преподавания дисциплин математического цикла.

The rapid spread of financial relations to all spheres of human activity actualizes the problem of increasing financial literacy of the population. In the modern conditions of the development of the state, the reform of the economy, education, financial culture, the key moment of progress is the formation of financial literacy of future specialists, in particular engineers. Higher mathematics belongs to one of the main fundamental disciplines in the training program for future engineers in technical universities, in the classes of which it is possible to form financial literacy. Future specialists of technical specialties, thanks to the course of higher mathematics, learn mathematical methods, acquire skills for solving basic types of problems and, most importantly, acquire knowledge in mathematics, which are tools of financial literacy. The problem of financial literacy has acquired wide relevance and is beginning to be investigated by many scientists. The issue of improving financial literacy is considered in the works of both scientists - economists and scientists-teachers on the theory and methodology of vocational education and methods of teaching disciplines of the mathematical cycle.
Pedagogical techniques of communicative situations creation in english classes at the university
Authors: Исраилова Л.Ю. , Зубайраева М.У.
Published: August 2022

Коммуникативное владение устной речью является очень актуальной целью в обучении иностранному языку, и коммуникативная устная практика занимает центральное место в попытке достичь этой цели на занятиях по иностранному языку. В статье подчеркиваются актуализации использования педагогических приемов по формированию коммуникативных ситуаций на занятиях по иностранному языку. Цель статьи – установить роль коммуникативных ситуаций на занятиях по иностранному языку. В статье проанализированы особенности заданий на занятиях по английскому языку с использованием, в частности, приема деловой игры. Доказано, что данный педагогический прием может эффективно использоваться в учебном процессе на занятиях по развитию коммуникативных навыков учащихся.

Communicative oral speech is a very relevant goal in teaching a foreign language, and communicative oral practice is central goal in foreign language classes. The article emphasizes the actualization of the use of pedagogical techniques for the formation of communicative situations in foreign language classes. The purpose of the article is to establish the role of communicative situations in foreign language classes. The article analyzes the features of tasks in English classes using, in particular, a business game technique. It is proved that this pedagogical technique can be effectively used in the educational process in classes for the development of students' communication skills.
The direct method of teaching a foreign language
Authors: Альмурзаева П.Х. , Усманов Т.И.
Published: August 2022

Данная статья посвящена использованию прямого метода обучения иностранному языку. В статье рассматривается общая характеристика прямого метода при изучении иностранного языка. Учителя английского языка грамотно подходить к выбору наиболее эффективного метода, который будет использоваться в их работе. Ошибочный выбор метода обучения может противоречить целям обучения. Теоретический анализ позволяет открыть новые перспективы применения прямого метод в процессе обучения английскому языку. Способ интерпретации и манипулирования методом надлежащим образом не только может повысить качество преподавания и учебного процесса, а также повлиять на результаты или достижения учащихся. Использование прямого метода в обучении английскому языку происходит не только в устном аспекте, но и в письменном, особенно в обучении языковым навыкам, таким как разговорная речь и грамматический аспект.

This article is dedicated to the use of a direct method of teaching a foreign language. The article discusses the general characteristics of the direct method in the study of a foreign language. English language teachers should competently approach the choice of the most effective method to be used in their work. An erroneous choice of the teaching method may contradict the learning goals. The theoretical analysis allows us to open up new prospects for the use of the direct method in the process of teaching English. The way the method is interpreted and manipulated appropriately can not only improve the quality of teaching and learning process, but also affect the results or achievements of students. The use of the direct method in teaching English occurs not only in the oral aspect, but also in writing, especially in teaching language skills such as spoken language and grammatical aspect.
Development of methods of mental activity of future economists in the process of teaching mathematics and finance
Authors: Успаева М.Г. , Гачаев А.М.
Published: August 2022

В настоящее время профессиональная подготовка будущих бакалавров и магистров должно обеспечивать подготовку такого специалиста, который бы был уверен в своих суждениях, смелый в своих взглядах, мог бы адаптироваться к изменениям, быстро ориентироваться в информации, анализировать ее, оценивать, прогнозировать изменения и возможные последствия этих изменений. По нашему мнению, математическая подготовка значительно влияет на становление такого специалиста. Формирование профессионально-математической компетентности будущих специалистов предполагает развитие приемов их умственной деятельности, что, в свою очередь, способствует развитию критического мышления, а это является актуальной проблемой современного образования. Обеспечение эффективной математической подготовки будущих специалистов, по нашему мнению, зависит, как минимум, от удачно подобранного методического инструментария. Считаем, что с целью развития приемов умственной деятельности будущих специалистов, процесс обучения математике должен быть наполнен специальными методами, приемами и средствами. Эффективный развивающий учебный процесс должен обеспечивать активную учебно-познавательную деятельность студентов, в частности: содержать диалоги и дискуссии, предусматривать право на ошибку и моделировать ситуации с провоцированием на такие ошибки и тому подобное. В процессе профессионального обучения также считаем важным ознакомление будущих специалистов с принципами, стратегиями и процедурами критического мышления и тому подобное.

Currently, the professional training of future bachelors and masters should ensure the training of such a specialist who would be confident in his judgments, bold in his views, could adapt to changes, quickly navigate information, analyze it, evaluate, predict changes and the possible consequences of these changes. In our opinion, mathematical training significantly affects the formation of such a specialist. The formation of professional and mathematical competence of future specialists involves the development of methods of their mental activity, which, in turn, contributes to the development of critical thinking, and this is an urgent problem of modern education. Ensuring effective mathematical training of future specialists, in our opinion, depends, at least, on well-chosen methodological tools. We believe that in order to develop the techniques of mental activity of future specialists, the process of teaching mathematics should be filled with special methods, techniques and tools. An effective developing educational process should ensure active educational and cognitive activity of students, in particular: contain dialogues and discussions, provide for the right to make mistakes and simulate situations with provocation to such mistakes and the like. In the process of professional training, we also consider it important to familiarize future specialists with the principles, strategies and procedures of critical thinking and the like.
Providing high-quality economic education in the context of the implementation of world experience in Russia
Authors: Арсаханова З.А.
Published: August 2022

Результативность экономических изменений в значительной мере зависит от состояния развития образования, ведь образование – это социальный институт общества, связан в своей деятельности с другими социальными институтами, благодаря чему человечество в нынешний период накопило знаний в 33 раза больше, чем за все предыдущие тысячелетия доисторического и исторического развития. Научно-техническая революция как результат образовательного развития сформировала новый тип общества – информационное, для успешного функционирования которого образование призвано подготовить новое поколение специалистов, способных не только работать в условиях рыночной экономики, но и экономики знаний. Образование, как утверждают результаты анализа многих исследователей, является рентабельной отраслью, хотя, разумеется, это достигается опосредованно. По оценкам экспертов, 56% валового внутреннего продукта в среднем создается работниками, имеющими высшее образование. Растет роль образования в обеспечении социально-экономического развития страны в целом. Это достигается прежде всего благодаря подготовке высококвалифицированных специалистов, нужных экономике и обществу России. Последние во время производства должны проявлять творческие силы, инициативу, применять полученные знания на практике. А это значит, что растет потребность в качественном образовании.

The effectiveness of economic changes largely depends on the state of education development, because education is a social institution of society, connected in its activities with other social institutions, thanks to which humanity has accumulated 33 times more knowledge in the current period than in all previous millennia of prehistoric and historical development. The scientific and technological revolution as a result of educational development has formed a new type of society – informational, for the successful functioning of which education is designed to prepare a new generation of specialists who are able not only to work in a market economy, but also the knowledge economy. Education, according to the results of the analysis of many researchers, is a profitable industry, although, of course, this is achieved indirectly. According to experts, 56% of the gross domestic product on average is created by employees with higher education. The role of education in ensuring the socio-economic development of the country as a whole is growing. This is achieved primarily through the training of highly qualified specialists needed by the Russian economy and society. The latter should show creative forces, initiative, and apply the acquired knowledge in practice during production. This means that there is a growing need for quality education.
Methodological bases of professional training of future teachers for the formation of design skills of preschoolers
Authors: Кочурина Т.С.
Published: August 2022

В статье представлены результаты исследования проблемы определения методологических оснований профессиональной подготовки будущих педагогов к формированию конструкторский умений дошкольников. В качестве таких оснований раскрываются положения системнодеятельностного, компетентностного и технологического подходов, описывается их значение и потенциал для качественной подготовки студентов.

The article presents the results of a study of the problem of determiningthe methodological foundations of professional training of future teachers for the formation of design skills of preschoolers. As such grounds, the provisions of system-activity, competence-based and technological approaches are revealed, their significance and potential for high-quality training of students are described.
Empirical experience on the formation of Russian civic identity among schoolchildren
Authors: Иванова Е.А. , Жилинская М.С.
Published: August 2022

На основе эмпирического анализа необходимости формирования российской гражданской идентичности у школьников была разработана и реализована программа. В статье отражен эмпирический анализ результатов исследования уровней сформированности российской гражданской идентичности у школьников в результате планомерной работы с ними. Целью исследования являлось определение эффективности реализации программы. В соответствии с целью были сформулированы такие задачи исследования: рассмотреть особенности мероприятий программы и результаты их проведения; проанализировать уровни сформированности всех компонентов российской гражданской идентичности. В результате исследования представлены показатели общего уровня сформированности российской гражданской идентичности у школьников.

Based on an empirical analysis of the need for the formation of Russian civic identity among schoolchildren, a program was developed and implemented. The article reflects an empirical analysis of the results of the study of the levels of formation of Russian civic identity among schoolchildren as a result of systematic work with them. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the program. In accordance with the purpose, the following research objectives were formulated: to consider the features of the program's activities and the results of their implementation; to analyze the levels of formation of all components of the Russian civil identity. As a result of the study, the indicators of the general level of formation of Russian civic identity among schoolchildren are presented.
Analisis Polutan Udara (CO, NO2, SO2, PM10, PM2,5 dan TSP) di Industri Galangan Kapal serta Pengaruhnya terhadap Lingkungan Kerja
Authors: Saragih Erly Esaputri , Jati Dian Rahayu , Pramadita Suci
Published: August 2022

Galangan kapal merupakan salah satu industri yang memenuhi reparasi bagi kapal-kapal yang melakukan bongkar muat di pelabuhan. Dampak dari aktivitas industri galangan kapal terhadap lingkungan dan kesehatan, ialah partikulat debu dan gas oksida dari proses pengelasan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi polutan udara karbon monoksida (CO), nitrogen dioksida (NO2), sulfur dioksida (SO2), dan partikel material < 10 µm (PM10), partikel material < 2,5 µm (PM2,5) dan total suspended particulate (TSP) serta pengaruhnya terhadap lingkungan kerja. Pengambilan sampel udara dilakukan pada 3 titik sampling, sedangkan pengaruh konsentrasi polutan terhadap lingkungan kerja diperoleh dari wawancara terhadap para pekerja di PT. Kapuas Cahaya Bahari (KACABA). Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, diperoleh bahwa konsentrasi polutan udara di PT. Kapuas Cahaya Bahari (KACABA) masih memenuhi baku mutu udara ambien Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 Tahun 2021. Polutan dengan konsentrasi tertinggi adalah karbon monoksida (CO) dan total suspended particulate (TSP) pada titik sampling 2 sebesar 2,66 µg/m3 dan 36,9 µg/m3. Polutan yang paling tinggi pada titik sampling 1 dan titik sampling 3 adalah Total Suspended Particulate (TSP), sebesar 50,40 µg/m3 dan 53,88 µg/m3. Konsentrasi polutan masih di bawah baku mutu sehingga tidak ada pengaruh siginifikan yang dirasakan oleh para pekerja selama bekerja.Kata kunci: galangan kapal, polutan udara, pengaruh kesehatan.
Pemanfaatan Sumber Air Baku Sungai Medang Pulang Sebagai Sumber Air Bersih Bagi Kecamatan Hulu Gurung
Authors: Ramlan Muhamad , Soeryamssoeka Stefanus Barlian
Published: August 2022

Kecamatan Hulu Gurung merupakan salah satu wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Wilayah ini memiliki banyak potensi sumber air baku yang dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber air bersih, di antaranya Sungai Embau, Sungai Medang Pulang dan sungai-sungai kecil lainnya. Namun pada sumber air baku tersebut terdapat aktivitas Penambangan Emas Tanpa Ijin (PETI) yang telah berlangsung sejak lama, sehingga tentunya akan berbahaya apabila dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber air bersih, karena PETI menggunakan mercury (Hg) dalam proses pemisahan emas dan material yang terkandung dalam sedimen yang diambil, dan ini akan berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan apabila dikonsumsi secara terus menerus. Dengan kondisi fisik aliran air Sungai Medang Pulang yang jernih, kecepatan aliran yang tinggi, dapat diduga bahwa Sungai Medang Pulang ini berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sumber air bersih, sehingga perlu adanya suatu kajian yang dapat memberikan rekomendasi mengenai potensi Sungai Medang Pulang sebagai sumber air bersih bagi penduduk. Tahapan analisis dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah analisis kebutuhan air penduduk menggunakan metode Arithmatik, analisis kualitas air melalui pemeriksaan sampel air di laboratorium, analisis ketersediaan air untuk mengetahui kuantitas air Sungai Medang Pulang dengan menggunakan Model Mock, perancangan sistem pengaliran air menggunakan pipa transmisi dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak EPANET 2.0. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Sungai Medang Pulang dapat dijadikan sumber air bersih dengan kualitas air yang baik. Debit andalan rata-rata probabilitas 99% sebesar 6,100 m3/detik untuk debit minimum terdapat pada bulan September sebesar 4,374 m3/ detik sedangkan debit maksimum terdapat pada bulan Desember sebesar 8,111 m3/detik serta direncanakan jaringan transmisi menggunakan pipa HDPE dengan diameter pipa Ø 150-200 mm dengan jarak 14 km, tinggi tekan pada titik akhir pengaliran adalah sebesar 14 liter/detik.
Pengaruh Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Terhadap Potensi Erosi Tanah Di Das Sibau Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu
Authors: Banun Emylyana Maylany , Pramulya Muhammad , Jumiati Jumiati
Published: August 2022

DAS Sibau merupakan salah satu daerah aliran sungai yang ada di Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu dengan pola penggunaan lahan yang intensif dan terus mengalami perubahan seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah dan kebutuhan penduduk. Perubahan penggunaan lahan yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas antropogenik secara umum dapat menyebabkan potensi erosi tanah yang bersifat fluktuatif dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan yang lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perubahan penggunaan lahan dan pengaruhnya terhadap potensi erosi yang ditimbulkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan SIG (System information Geografis) dengan metode USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) dengan parameter erosivitas Hujan (R), erodibilitas tanah (K), kemiringan lereng (LS) dan pengunaan lahan (CP), perhitungan potensi erosi yang  dilakukan yaitu tahun 2009, 2015 dan 2018. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa penggunaan lahan di DAS Sibau masih didominasi oleh hutan, dengan perubahan lahan terbesar tahun 2009 hingga 2015 yaitu lahan terbuka (245,48%), sedangkan tahun 2015 hingga 2018 yaitu lahan terbuka mengalami penurunan (83,15%), kemudian peningkatan pada kebun campuran (149,45%) dan pertanian lahan kering sebesar (496,74%). Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) DAS Sibau masih tergolong aman karena didominasi oleh kategori sangat ringan dan ringan.
DAFTAR ISI
Authors: JTTLB JTTLB
Published: August 2022

DAFTAR ISI
Preferred Experimental Practices for Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Huang Po-Wei , Hatzell Marta
Published: August 2022

Ammonia is synthesized through the Haber-Bosch process, and has the highest carbon footprint of any synthetic chemical commodity. This prompts the need for green alternatives to meet net-zero goals in the chemical sector. Photocatalytic conversion of nitrogen to ammonia is one such alternative gaining attention. The current progress in photocatalytic nitrogen reduction suggests, however, that there exists a large gap in performance, before commercial use is viable. One of the major challenges is that highly active photocatalysts have not yet been developed. Furthermore, the development of photocatalysts is greatly hindered by false positive or non-reproducible data. This is because the current photocatalyst produce very low ammonia concentration, therefore the ammonia measurement can be easily affected by adventitious ammonia from the environment. Here, we will describe the current known causes of non-reproducible results in photocatalytic nitrogen fixation literature. We also will present the solution to mitigate these false positive results. Finally, we highlight the main challenges that remain to be overcome in this field. We aim to help researchers design more reliable experiments and inspire practical research in developing photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
Quantum chemical sensing using molecular triplet qubits in a flexible metal–organic framework
Authors: Yamauchi Akio , Fujiwara Saiya , Kimizuka Nobuo , Asada Mizue , Fujiwara Motoyasu , Nakamura Toshikazu , Yanai Nobuhiro
Published: August 2022

Quantum sensing using molecular qubits is expected to provide excellent sensitivity due to the proximity of the sensor to the target analyte. However, many molecular qubits are used at cryogenic temperatures, and how to make molecular qubits respond to specific analytes remains unclear. Here, we propose a new quantum sensor design in which the coherence time changes in response to a variety of analytes at room temperature. We used the photoexcited triplet, which can be initialized at room temperature, as qubits and introduce them to a metal–organic framework that can flexibly change its pore structure in response to guest adsorption. By changing the local molecular density around the triplet qubits by adsorption of a specific analyte, the mobility of the triplet qubit can be changed, and the coherence time can be made responsive.
Current density functional framework for spin–orbit coupling
Authors: Holzer Christof , Franzke Yannick J. , Pausch Ansgar
Published: August 2022

Relativistic two-component and four-component density functional calculations are carried out in a non-collinear formalism to describe spin-orbit interaction. The exchange-correlation functional itself is constructed as a straightforward generalization of the non-relativistic density functional approximation. However, spin-orbit coupling is a form of magnetic induction and generally leads to a non-vanishing paramagnetic current density. This means that functionals depending on the kinetic energy density such as meta-generalized gradient approximations and local hybrid functionals should be constructed in the framework of current density functional theory (CDFT), which is (almost) exclusively used in the regime of strong magnetic fields. Herein, we present a CDFT approach for spin-orbit coupling, which leads to current-dependent terms in the potential and its derivatives. The ansatz is implemented for the exchange-correlation potential and the exchange-correlation kernel, making it applicable to a wide range of molecular properties. We assess the importance of the current density terms for ground-state energies, excitation energies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) shielding and spin-spin coupling constants, as well as hyperfine coupling constants and ∆g-shifts in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The most notable changes are found for EPR properties. The impact of the current-dependent terms rises with the number of unpaired electrons and consequently EPR properties are more sensitive towards CDFT. Considerable changes in the results are observed for the strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) functionals, as well as the B97M family and TASK. The current density terms are less important when exact exchange is incorporated. Consequently, the results with (local) hybrid functionals are not substantially affected. At the same time, the current density does not notably increase the computational costs for hybrid functionals, but the current-dependent kernel ensures the stability of response calculations in all cases. We therefore strongly recommend to use the framework of CDFT for self-consistent spin-orbit calculations.
Evolution of the oxygen vacancy order during oxidation and reduction of SrFeOx followed by in situ 3D electron diffraction
Authors: Batuk Maria , Vandemeulebroucke Daphne , Ceretti Monica , Paulus Werner , Hadermann Joke
Published: August 2022

For oxygen conducting materials applied in solid oxide fuel cells and chemical-looping processes, the understanding of the oxygen diffusion mechanism and the materials’ crystal structure at different stages of the redox reactions is a key parameter to control their performance. In this paper we report the first ever in situ 3D ED experiment in a gas environment and with it uncover the structure evolution of SrFeO2.5 as notably different from that reported from in situ X-ray and in situ neutron powder diffraction studies in gas environments. Using in situ 3D ED on submicron sized single crystals obtained from a high quality monodomain SrFeO2.5 single crystal, we observe the transformation under O2 flow of SrFeO2.5 with an intra- and interlayer ordering of the left and right twisted (FeO4) tetrahedral chains (space group Pcmb) into consecutively SrFeO2.75 (space group Cmmm) and SrFeO3- (space group Pm3 ̅m). Upon reduction in H2 flow, the crystals return to the brownmillerite structure with intralayer order, but without regaining the interlayer order of the pristine crystals. Therefore, redox cycling of SrFeO2.5 crystals in O2 and H2 introduces stacking faults into the structure, resulting in an I2/m(0βγ)0s symmetry with variable β.
Temporal trends and spatial clusters of gastric cancer mortality in Brazil
Authors: Braga Lucia Libanez Bessa Campelo , Ferreira Anderson Fuentes , Pinheiro Fernando Antônio Siqueira , Benigno Tiago Gomes da Silva , Heukelbach Jorg , Castro Daniel Barros de , Queiroz Dulciene Maria Magalhães , Miyajima Fábio , Ramos Alberto Novaes
Published: August 2022

Objective.

To identify nationwide temporal trends and spatial patterns of gastric cancer–related mortality in Brazil.

Methods.

An ecological study was performed using death certificates registered from 2000 to 2019 in which gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death (an underlying or associated cause). Trends over time were assessed using joinpoint regression models. Spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were identified by Kulldorff’s space–time scan statistics to identify high-risk areas.

Results.

In 276 897/22 663 091 (1.22%) death certificates gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death. Age-adjusted gastric cancer–related mortality increased significantly over time (annual percentage change [APC]: 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5 to 0.8). The increase in mortality was more pronounced in the less-developed North and Northeast Regions (North Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.7 to 3.5; Northeast Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.5 to 3.7). Eight spatiotemporally associated high-risk clusters of gastric cancer–related mortality were identified in the North, South, Northeast and Central–West Regions, as well as a major cluster covering a wide geographical range in the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil during the first years of the study period (2000 to 2009).

Conclusions.

More recently, during 2010 to 2019, clusters of gastric cancer have been identified in the Northeast Region. The nationwide increase in mortality in this analysis of 20 years of data highlights the persistently high burden of gastric cancer in Brazil, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged regions. The identification of these areas where the population is at high risk for gastric cancer–related mortality emphasizes the need to develop effective and intersectoral control measures.
Controle do câncer do colo do útero na atenção primária à saúde em países sul-americanos: revisão sistemática
Authors: Cerqueira Raisa Santos , Santos Hebert Luan Pereira Campos dos , Prado Nilia Maria de Brito Lima , Bittencourt Rebecca Gusmão , Biscarde Daniela Gomes dos Santos , Santos Adriano Maia dos
Published: August 2022

Objetivo.

Descrever as estratégias para prevenção e controle do câncer do colo do útero (CCU) na atenção primária à saúde (APS) na América do Sul.

Métodos.

Revisão de literatura em duas etapas: revisão documental em sites governamentais de Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Paraguai, Peru, Uruguai e Venezuela; e revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE, Scopus, SciELO e Science Direct.

Resultados.

Foram incluídos 21 documentos institucionais (planos, guias de prática e diretrizes nacionais) e 25 artigos. Todos os países tinham taxas elevadas de morbimortalidade por CCU. Predominou o rastreamento oportunístico na APS, embora os documentos disponíveis sinalizassem intenções e estratégias para diagnóstico precoce e acompanhamento longitudinal dos casos suspeitos e confirmados, preferencialmente na rede pública. Todos os países adotavam uma concepção abrangente de APS, embora o processo de implementação estivesse em estágios heterogêneos e predominassem a focalização e a seletividade. Destaca-se pior acesso ao rastreamento para mulheres de regiões rurais ou remotas e para povos originários. A indisponibilidade de serviços de APS próximos às residências/comunidade foi uma importante barreira para o rastreamento do CCU.

Conclusões.

A fragmentação dos sistemas de saúde e a segmentação na oferta de serviços são obstáculos para a prevenção e o controle do CCU na América do Sul. São necessários programas organizados de rastreamento do CCU e a incorporação de busca ativa para realização do Papanicolaou via APS. A interculturalidade nas práticas e a formulação de políticas numa perspectiva interseccional são fundamentais para superar as iniquidades no controle do CCU nos países sul-americanos.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Program Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan di Karang Taruna Angkatan Muda Salakan Bantul Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Intan Mutiara , Rosida Luluk
Published: August 2022

Desa Bangunjiwo terletak di bagian selatan kecamatan Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta dengan jumlah remaja sebanyak 700 orang. Pernikahan remaja merupakan salah satu masalah yang marak terjadi saat ini. Berdasarkan data di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kasihan I angka persalinan remaja cukup tinggi dimana pada tahun 2016 terdapat 9 remaja bersalin diusia 18-19 tahun dan 15 remaja diusia 19-20 tahun. Informasi tersebut didukung dengan data dari KUA Kecamatan Kasihan pada tahun 2015-2016 menunjukkan peningkatan kejadian pernikahan remaja dengan status hamil, masing masing sebanyak 9 pasang pada tahun 2015 dan 14 pasang ditahun 2016. Rata-rata usia remaja yang menikah dengan kondisi hamil berusia dibawah 19 tahun. Pernikahan di usia remaja dapat berdampak pada segi fisik maupun biologis. Dusun Salakan merupakan salah satu dusun yang berada di Desa Bangunjiwo yang memiliki organisasi remaja yaitu Karang taruna bernama Angkatan Muda Salakan “AMS”. Karang taruna AMS sebagai wadah perkumpulan remaja di dusun Salakan, merupakan peluang yang tepat sebagai sasaran dalam upaya peningkatan pengetahuan tentang pendewasaan usia perkawinan. Tujuan kegiatan ini meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota karang taruna dan komitmen bersama dalam mendukung program pendewasaan usia perkawinan. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dengan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan yaitu penyuluhan tentang program pendewasaan usia perkawinan dan pembuatan pakta integritas. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini melalui empat tahapan antara lain : assesment, planning and development, implementation dan evaluation. Target luaran untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan anggota karang taruna tentang program pendewasaan usia perkawinan (PUP) dan adanya komitmen bersama antara anggota karang taruna yang tertuang dalam pakta integritas. Hasil kegiatan ini didapatkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan anggota karang taruna sebelum kegiatan dengan sesudah kegiatan sebesar 60,6%. Adanya pakta integritas sebagai bentuk dukungan program pendewasaan usia perkawinan.
Pemeriksaan Fisik Gratis Pada Murid TK ‘Aisyiyah 2 Mataram di Klinik Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram
Authors: Harahap Ana Pujianti , Amini Aulia , Qiyaam Nurul
Published: August 2022

Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak adalah dua hal yang berbeda, tetapi selalu berkaitan dan sulit dipisahkan. Pertumbuhan (growth) adalah perubahan yang bersifat kuantitatif atau dapat diukur. Pertumbuhan biasanya menyangkut ukuran dan struktur biologis pada tubuh anak. Sementara yang dimaksud dengan perkembangan (development) adalah perubahan kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang meliputi bertambahnya kemampuan (skill) struktur dan fungsi tubuh yang lebih kompleks. Perkembangan terjadi dalam pola yang teratur seiring dengan proses pematangan/maturitas anak. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi dan pelayanan kesehatan secara langsung kepada masyarakat dan melakukan deteksi dini terhadap hamabatn pertumbuhan anak. Dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini akan diiukuti oleh dosen Program Studi D III Kebidanan dan tenaga kesehatan yang ada di klinik Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian menggunakan dua metode yaitu praktek dan penyuluhan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini kami bekerjasama dengan tenaga kesehatan di klinik Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram untuk melakukan pemeriksaan fisik meliputi pengukuran berat badan, tinggi badan, lingkar kepala, lingkar lengan, kebersihan mulut, dan kebersihan telinga. Mitra tersebut sangat kooperatif untuk bersedia dilakukan pemeriksaan dan penyuluhan. Demikian juga ketika kegiatan pengabdian mereka sangat antusias untuk hadir di lokasi kegiatan secara sukarela.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PENDIDIK SEBAYA DI SDN I LANGENSARI
Authors: Afriyani Luvi Dian , Veftisia Vistra , Salafas Eti
Published: August 2022

Latar Belakang :Infeksi genetalia adalah penyakit yang sering terjadi pada wanita. Infeksi tidak hanya disebabkan karena hubungan seksual, namun bisa disebabkan karena masalah hygiene. Saat menstruasi lebih beresiko terjadi infeksi. Infeksi ini jika tidak ditangani bisa menyebabkan penyakit berat bahkan bisa sampai terjadi infertilitas ( kemandulan ). Banyak siswa yang belum memiliki pengetahuan tentang perubahan organ reproduksi, sehingga ketika datang menstruasi siswa tidak tau bagaimana cara melakukan perawatan yang baik dan siswa cenderung malu untuk menanyakan atau berkonsultasi. Peran pendidik sebaya dapat membantu para remaja untuk lebih nyaman berdiskusi perubahan reproduksi dan perawatannya saat menstruasi.Tujuan :untuk meningkatkan pengetahun siswa tentang perubahan organ reproduksi dan perawatan saat menstruasi melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan pendidik sebaya.Metode :Diawali dengan pelatihan pendidik sebaya sejumlah 10 siswi melalui metode pembelajaran active learning, selanjutnya pendampingan pendidik sebaya untuk melakukan pendidikan kesehatan dengan teman sebaya sejumlah 13 siswi, dan evaluasi kegiatan bersama kepala sekolah dan penelola UKSHasil :Hasilnya terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan anatara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan pendidik sebayaKesimpulan :terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan anatara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pelatihan pendidik sebaya
IBM PELATIHAN POLA MP-ASI KELURAHAN BLERONG KABUPATEN DEMAK
Authors: Damayanti Fitriani Nur , Puspitaningrum Dewi , Kusuma Hapsari Sulistya
Published: August 2022

Tujuan Ipteks Bagi Masyarakat (IbM) adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok Good Mother dalam pengukuran kecukupan gizi bayi, meningkatkan ketrampilan kelompok Good Mother dalam pembuatan MP-ASI, kelompok Good Mother dapat menjadi role model bagi ibu-ibu lainnya. Metode yang digunakan untuk mewujudkan tujuan-tujuan tersebut adalah dengan kaji tindak partisipatif antara lain melalui Forum Group Discusion (FGD). Adapun luaran yang berupa jasa adalah pendidikan tentang MP-ASI, pelatihan pengukuran kecukupan gizi pada bayi, pelatihan pembuatan MP-ASI yang sehat, menjadi role model dalam pembuatan MP-ASI.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG DYSMENORRHOE DI PANTI ASUHAN NING AMRIYAH SUPARDO KENDAL
Authors: Kurnia Dewi Maria Ulfah , Mustika Dian Nintyasari , Indrawati Nuke Devi
Published: August 2022

Remaja putri yang mengalami gangguan nyeri menstruasi sangat mengganggu dalam proses belajar mengajar. Hal ini menyebabkan remaja putri sulit berkonsentrasi karena ketidaknyamanan yang dirasakan ketika nyeri haid. Oleh karena itu pada usia remaja Dysmenorrhoe harus ditangani agar tidak terjadi dampak yang lebih buruk. Angka kejadian nyeri menstruasi di dunia lebih dari 50 % perempuan di setiap Negara mengalami nyeri menstruasi. Angka kejadian Dysmenorrhoe berdasarkan tingkatan di Indonesia sebesar 64,52% yang terdiri dari 54,89% (Dysmenorrhoe primer) dan 9,36% (Dysmenorrhoe sekunder). Angka kejadian Dysmenorrhoe pada remaja di provinsi Jawa Tengah mencapai 56%.Tujuan Penyuluhan tentang Penatalaksanaan Dysmenorrhoe di Panti Asuhan Ning Amriyah Supardo Kendal adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan mengubah perilaku kesehatan remaja mengenai penatalaksanaan Dysmenorrhoe. Berdasarkan analisa situasi kejadian Dysmenorrhoe di Panti Asuhan Ning Amriyah Supardo Kendal diperlukan peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang penatalaksanaan Dysmenorrhoe. Pendidikan kesehatan Dysmenorrhoe  dilaksanakan dengan metode transfer IPTEKS yang dilakukan pada tiap tahapan dengan menggunakan prinsip bahwa setiap informasi yang diterima sebaiknya melalui proses, mendengar, mengetahui, mencoba, mengevaluasi, menerima, meyakini, dan melaksanakan. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan penatalaksanaan dysmenorrhoe di Panti Asuhan Ning Amriyah Supardo Kendal. Bukti penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa perilaku yang didasari oleh pengetahuan akan lebih langgeng daripada perilaku yang tidak didasari oleh pengetahuan.