Western and non-western research traditions of studying the Taiwanese question
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Pronin E. A. , Safronov D. A. ,   Rosgosstrakh, Tarasenko V. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: November 2024

The study focuses on exploring Western and non-Western research traditions in the study of the Taiwanese issue in contemporary political science. The paper examines the approaches and methods of analyzing international relations surrounding Taiwan and provides a classification of approaches based on the methods and tools utilized. Differences between Western and non-Western research traditions enable a comprehensive understanding of the Taiwanese conflict, considering its multifaceted and complex nature. Integrating various methods and approaches contributes to the development of broad strategies for conflict resolution and prevention. Various research methodologies are used to describe the Taiwanese conflict, including a holistic analysis of political, historical, economic, and socio-cultural aspects. The historical methodology covers key stages of events around Taiwan, starting from the aftermath of the Civil War in 1949. Political analysis focuses on the strategies and tactics of different states within the conflict. Sociological approaches examine the socio-cultural aspects of the conflict, while economic analysis explores the economic interests intertwined with the conflict. Comparative analysis with other regional conflicts provides insights into the unique features of the Taiwanese conflict. Research paradigms employed by Western scholars highlight several key aspects of analyzing the Taiwan conflict. Realist approaches emphasize national interests, power balance, and geopolitical dynamics. The liberal school underscores the role of international institutions, democracy, and economic interdependence in conflict resolution. Constructivist approaches utilize social constructs such as identity and norms to explain behavior in the conflict. Western researchers often use quantitative research methods such as statistical analysis and modeling. Conversely, non-Western scholars propose alternative analysis methods. The Chinese school focuses on China's history, culture, and foreign policy in the conflict context. The Japanese-Asian school emphasizes regional factors like Japan, South Korea, and ASEAN's roles in the conflict dynamics. Postcolonial studies analyze the influence of colonial legacies and neo-colonialism on the conflict. Conflict resolution studies utilize an interdisciplinary approach, integrating knowledge from various fields like political science, history, sociology, economics, and cultural studies. Access to diverse information sources and critical analysis aids in building an objective understanding of the conflict. Comparing Western and non-Western research traditions sheds light on the Taiwanese conflict, considering its multifaceted nature. Integrating different approaches facilitates the development of comprehensive strategies for conflict resolution and prevention. Further research on the Taiwanese conflict necessitates a multi-faceted approach encompassing a wide range of disciplines and methodologies for a deeper understanding of the issue and the formulation of constructive resolution strategies.