bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leucine Metabolism
Authors: Li Fengna
Published: May 2020

Leucine, an essential branched amino acid, has anti-obesity effects on glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The catabolism of Leucine is a conserved regulator of physiological aging, participating in diverse physiological and pathological processes. This topic review offers an up-to-date report on the decomposition and metabolites of leucine in mammals, as α-ketoisocaproate (KIC) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB).
What happens if we consider a calendar of 13 Months ?
Authors: El-Bayeh Claude
Published: May 2020

What happens if we consider a calendar year of 14 months instead of 12?
Has anyone of us missed an event because he was confused between days and dates? Do we really remember the date of any day if we do not have a calendar? Is the current Gregorian Calendar efficient enough for use, and does it really facilitate our life or make it more complicated?  Have you ever thought about a much simpler way to calculate days and dates in a year? All these questions are answered in this article, in which the author proposes an original calendar that might facilitate our lives if we can apply it.
Compressional behavior of strontianite SrCO3 by synchrotron X-ray radiation diffraction: effects of pressure transmitting media
Authors: ZHANG BO , HUANG SHIJIE , CHEN WEI , LI BO , YE ZHILIN , XU JINGUI , FAN DAWEI , ZHOU WENGE
Published: May 2020

The compressional behavior of strontianite SrCO3 was investigated at ambient temperature and high pressure, using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) with Ne as a pressure transmitting medium. X-ray diffraction patterns were collected to ~52 GPa using in situ angle-dispersive synchrotron-based powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). A phase transition was observed at ~20 GPa, and no indications of further transitions were detected up to ~52 GPa. The pressure-volume (P-V) data within 0.27-17.35 GPa were fitted to a third-order Birch-Murnaghan equation of state (BM3 EoS) to obtain the elastic coefficients including zero-pressure unit-cell volume, isothermal bulk modulus and its pressure derivative: V0 = 258.4(3) Å3, KT0 = 55(2) GPa, and K'T0 = 4.3(3). The V0 and KT0 were obtained as 258.1(2) Å3 and 57.1(6) GPa, when fixed K'T0 = 4. The axial compressional behavior of strontianite was also investigated by fitting the pressure-lattice parameter data to a parameterized form of the BM3 EoS, and the compression of the a-, b-, and c-axis was strongly anisotropic, with Ka0 = 104(6), Kb0 = 52(12), and Kc0 = 31.6(5) GPa. Based on this and previous studies using different pressure transmitting media (PTM), the effects PTM on the compressional behavior of strontianite were discussed.
Erratum
Authors: DUBININ NIKOLAY E.
Published: May 2020

Erratum to the paper “The heat capacity at constant pressure in the nearly-free-electron approximation for binary liquid alloys of alkali metals” (HTHP, 2018, v. 47, p. 205-211)
Elaboración de una metodología para evaluar sostenibilidad en barrios de ciudades intermedias en Chile
Authors: Zumelzu Antonio , Espinoza Daniel
Published: May 2020

Los estudios urbanos relacionados con sostenibilidad están pasando por una fase de enriquecedora experimentación. Esto, con la exploración de diversas metodologías inspiradas en hacer frente a los impactos significativos, actuales y futuros del cambio climático en ciudades, que plantea nuevos desafíos para el desarrollo de áreas urbanas. Tales desafíos, son especialmente relevantes en tiempos cuando importantes transformaciones urbanas están en curso en el sur global. El siguiente artículo tiene por objetivo elaborar una metodología para explorar y evaluar el potencial sostenible de la forma urbana en barrios de ciudades de escala intermedia. La metodología aborda seis criterios de entorno construido relacionados con sostenibilidad: escala, accesibilidad, conectividad, densidad, diversidad y nodalidad. La metodología se aplica a un barrio en la ciudad de Temuco en el sur de Chile. Los resultados muestran la importancia de la adaptabilidad edificatoria para generar diversidad de usos a nivel de manzana, lo que a su vez promueve una mayor sostenibilidad de la forma urbana. Por otra parte, la sobre densidad de población y de vivienda en lotes residenciales disminuye la accesibilidad peatonal en las calles interiores. Mientras que el uso mixto vertical y la alta variación de densidades en bloques de manzanas continúan siendo la mejor respuesta para promover la interacción social y la alta actividad colectiva en el espacio urbano. El artículo concluye sobre el valor operacional de la metodología propuesta y respecto a los desafíos futuros para promover el desarrollo de formas urbanas más sostenibles en ciudades intermedias del sur de Chile
Efectos del cambio climático en la zona urbana turística y costera de Viña del Mar: levantamiento de daños para una inundación por marejadas y percepción de seguridad
Authors: Igualt Jara Felipe Eduardo , Breuer Wolfgang Alejandro , Contreras-López Manuel , Martínez Carolina
Published: May 2020

Las ciudades costeras afrontan actualmente diversas problemáticas debido a los efectos del cambio climático. En el caso de la ciudad de Viña del Mar, se visualiza un aumento en la frecuencia e intensidad de eventos de oleaje extremo, por lo que la zona costera será donde este problema tendrá una mayor visibilidad. Este trabajo analiza el impacto de un evento de marejadas en una localidad densamente poblada y visitada por turistas (sector Avenida Perú, Población Vergara, Viña del Mar), así como de la percepción de seguridad que tienen residentes y turistas ante esta problemática. Mediante el análisis de datos de marejadas históricas, levantamiento de daños de un evento significativo y una encuesta de percepción de seguridad, se destaca el impacto negativo que tienen estos eventos en la infraestructura urbana situada contigua a la línea de costa, incluyendo mobiliario urbano, residencias, servicios turísticos y automóviles. Se constató una percepción de seguridad negativa y una necesidad de adaptación de infraestructura para reducir vulnerabilidad. La infraestructura analizada no se ha adaptado al riesgo de inundaciones costeras. Esta situación advierte de la obsolescencia de tipologías predominantes, las cuales son constantemente afectadas tanto en el período estival como invernal. Finalmente se discuten diversas opciones de adaptación de infraestructura, códigos de construcción, relocalización y uso de defensas blandas para reducir los efectos de futuros eventos de oleaje extremo.
Heidegger and Social Ecology
Authors: Cole Daniel
Published: May 2020

In this essay I defend Heidegger’s critique of technology against possible criticisms that he may be an anti-humanist and a mystic. This essay will show that Heidegger’s critique of technology is helpful in thinking about ecological questions; and his contributions to such questions is relevant and not radically separated from some of the work of other philosophers today including Karen Warren and Marilyn Frye.
Wittgenstein's Account of Rule-Following and Its Implications
Authors: Langseth Jonathan
Published: May 2020

In this paper I present an interpretation of Wittgenstein’s account of rule-following, including what implications he suggests this account has for philosophy. The account suggests that neither one’s interpretation nor the rule itself are criteria by which we may conclude a rule was followed correctly or not. Rather it is through training, regularity, habit and social expectation-in short, by the consequences of action-that an action is considered in accord with a rule. I argue that even if we accept Wittgenstein’s account of rule-following, certain philosophically important implications follow.
To What Extent is Experience Like Belief?
Authors: Hawke Sam
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I argue that the connection between experience and belief is far closer than we might first suppose. In defending a broadly representationalist theory of perception, I argue that purportedly irreducible, non-physical entities such as qualia do not pose an intractable problem for physicalist or functionalist accounts of mind.
Virtual Enframing
Authors: McKerracher David
Published: May 2020

Sherry Turkle’s “virtuous circle” will be used to bring insights from Heidegger and Levinas into accord. Turkle argues that the distraction and escape made possible by our devices tend to undermine achieving solitude and genuine sociality, thus posing a danger to the interdependent possibilities of authenticity and ethical living. For Heidegger, the call of conscience is one’s ownmost possibility, death. Levinas argues that the call of conscience is instead ethical, instigated by the face of the Other. Rather than conflicting, these two phenomenological accounts of conscience will be shown to be mutually affirming once brought into harmony via Turkle’s framework.
Semantic Ambiguity Explained in the Framework of Cognitive Economy
Authors: Chu Lixing Mida
Published: May 2020

In “Context and Communication” Stephen Neale argues that the referential use of descriptions differs from the attributive use only in the pragmatics, making referential descriptions applicable to Russellian analysis. Marga Reimer disagrees with Neale’s view and argues that the difference is in the semantics, making referential descriptions semantically ambiguous. In this paper, I argue that Neale’s Modified Occam’s Razor overlooks the behavioral data of how we actually use language. I attempt to accommodate the strength of both Neale’s and Reimer’s explanations, putting them in a framework governed by the principle of cognitive economy
The Diversity Initiative as Anti-Revolutionary Project
Authors: Nelson Gerald
Published: May 2020

Through diversity initiatives, academia and business have recruited many new talented individuals from historically underrepresented communities. These institutions are now in the position of possessing, managing, and deploying a massive amount of diverse talent. We examine what we may expect from these institutions as they continue to absorb diverse talent, as well as what we can expect from these talented individuals as they become a newly established class.
The House Has Eyes
Authors: Slightom Benjamin M.
Published: May 2020

Human beings cannot bear the thought of no longer being the center of the universe; Martin Heidegger’s ontology validates the construction of a world that subjugates non-human objects to a role whichreinforces our own position. In this paper, two personal experiences of objects which contradict traditional construals of “subjectivity” will be explored and analyzed in light of contemporary uncertainty around Heidegger’s ontology. Ultimately, I seek to complicate and show the radical dependence humans have on the constructed— or, “second”—subjectivity of objects and how we use them to validate the world as we wish it to be seen.
Living with the Dying, Being-With the Dead
Authors: Traylor Sam
Published: May 2020

Though Heidegger largely informs his conceptions of being and time through an analytic of the phenomenology of death, he treats death as an entirely personal experience. Through Robert Pogue Harrison’s Dominion of the Dead, and Tolstoy’s The Death of Ivan Ilyich, this essay examines the death of others, and how the experience of another’s death informs the life of the living. The death of others is the possibility of a shift in the world of the living; this possibility for the living arises primarily through relationship with the corpse.
Ripping the Curtain
Authors: Rollins Peter
Published: May 2020

Peter Rollins is a writer, philosopher, storyteller and public speaker who has gained an international reputation for overturning traditional notions of religion and forming “churches” that preach the Good News that we can’t be satisfied, that life is difficult, and that we don’t know the secret. Challenging the idea that faith concerns questions relating to belief, Peter’s incendiary and irreligious reading of Christianity attacks the distinction between the sacred and the secular. It blurs the lines between theism and atheism and it sets aside questions regarding life after death to explore the possibility of life before death. Peter gained his higher education from Queens University, Belfast where he earned degrees (with distinction) in Scholastic Philosophy (BA Hons), Political Theory and Social Criticism (MA) and Post-Structural thought (PhD). He’s the author of numerous books, including Insurrection, The Idolatry of God, and The Divine Magician. He was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, currently lives in Los Angeles and will die somewhere as yet not known.
Problems with the "Problems" with Psychophysical Causation
Authors: McKay Noah
Published: May 2020

In this essay, I defend a mind-body dualism, according to which human minds are immaterial substances that exercise non-redundant causal powers over bodies, against the notorious problem of psychophysical causation. I explicate and reply to three formulations of the problem: (i) the claim that, on dualism, psychophysical causation is inconsistent with physical causal closure, (ii) the claim that psychophysical causation on the dualist view is intolerably mysterious, and (iii) Jaegwon Kim’s claim that dualism fails to account for causal pairings. Ultimately, I conclude that these objections fail and that dualist interactionism is no more problematic or mysterious than physical causation.
A Consistent Consolation
Authors: Glasscock Allison
Published: May 2020

This paper seeks to defend Philosophy’s account of true happiness in Boethius’ Consolation of Philosophy. Although philosopher John Marenbon claims that Philosophy provides Boethius with two conflicting accounts of happiness, this paper argues that she consistently advocates a single account of true happiness. Ultimately, the paper claims that Marenbon is mistaken in his interpretation of Philosophy account of true happiness. What Marenbon interprets as an alternate account of the nature of true happiness is actually a component of Philosophy’s dialectical method and not a separate account.
Generation Lobotomy
Authors: Ruiz Amanda
Published: May 2020

This paper primarily explores the ethical debate surrounding the use of memory erasure for therapeutic ends. It argues that procedures such as kinase inhibition therapy, which can entail memory erasure in the individual, incur a high cost in terms of the integrity of our individual identities, thus jeopardizing our claim to individual rights and accountability. Therefore, we should reserve such therapies for the extreme cases in which the procedures have the potential to actually restore a person’s autonomy. Furthermore, this paper goes on to explore which situations might fit this criterion, while still accounting for the cost of memory erasure in each instance.
The Principle of Sufficient Reason and Free Will
Authors: McAllister Blake
Published: May 2020

I examine Leibniz’s version of the Principle of Sufficient Reason with respect to free will, paying particular attention to Peter van Inwagen’s argument that this principle leads to determinism. Ultimately I conclude that Leibniz’s formulation is incompatible with free will. I then discuss a reformulation of the Principle of Sufficient Reason endorsed by Alexander Pruss that, I argue, manages to both retain the strength of Leibniz’s formulation and remain consistent with free will.
Population Control
Authors: Donner Alicia M.R.
Published: May 2020

The planet’s swiftly growing population coupled with the lack of food security and the degradation of natural resources has caused many demographers to worry about the ramifications of unchecked population growth while many philosophers worry about the ethical issues surrounding the methods of population control. Therefore, I intend to argue a system of encouraging a decrease in personal fertility rate via financial incentives offers a solution that is both viable and not morally reprehensible.
The Strength of Relationships
Authors: Saillant Said
Published: May 2020

I endeavor to show that Descartes’ attribute-mode distinction cannot be characterized in terms of the determinable-determinate relation. I identify the latter’s formal and modal properties in order to determine whether the former shares them, which ultimately shows distinctness. I then indicate which property accounts for the differences. I conclude that the relation that unites modes under an attribute is weaker than that which groups determinates under some determinable, respectively, the relations of inherence and incompatibility.
Certainly Uncertain
Authors: Bailey Stephen
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I contrast pre- and post-Socratic Greek thought, particularly with respect to Apollonian optimism and Dionysian pessimism. I show how Socrates’ judgment of a “right” way of living undermined Greek pessimism and was the first step towards modern scientific optimism, the belief that the world can be understood. I then argue that new developments in quantum physics make this optimism untenable, and I finally assert that Nietzschean pessimism is a coherent and beneficial metaphysical perspective.
How We Are Moral
Authors: Kreyche Jenna
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I reconstruct Hobbes’ theory of self-love. I then examine Hume’s arguments that (i) self-love does not properly account for moral behavior and (ii) self-love is unnecessary for moral theory. I argue that Hobbesian self-love can account for both of Hume’s objections. Further, I use an analysis of Hobbes’ Deliberation to show, contra Hume, that self-love does not entail a lack of intention in moral action.
Ruminations on Intermittent Existence
Authors: Adrian Anthony
Published: May 2020

Can objects exist, cease to exist, and then exist once more? I lay out three ways to think about intermittent existence (IE). The first section is based on intuitions. The second section will show that the intuitions are bolstered by the concept of supervenience. The final section will argue that the strongest way to think about IE, and about supervenience, is in terms of mereology, the theory of parts and wholes.
A New Approach to the Paradox of Fiction
Authors: Faulconbridge Pete
Published: May 2020

It seems that an intuitive characterization of our emotional engagement with fiction contains a paradox, which has been labelled the ‘Paradox of Fiction’. Using insights into the nature of mental contentgained from the disjunctive theory of perception I propose a novel solution to the Paradox, explained and motivated by reference to Kendall Walton’s influential account of fictionality. Using this insight I suggest that we can take the phenomenology of fictional engagement seriously in a way not allowed by Walton.
Across and Beyond
Authors: Lund Gunnar
Published: May 2020

This paper examines two senses of the term “transgender:” transgender as across the gender binary and transgender as beyond the gender binary. Explored are the difficulties this ambiguity poses to transpeople. In short, using the theories of Ferdinand de Saussure and Richard Rorty, this paper argues that the meaning of “transgender” must simultaneously embrace both senses of the term, rather than one or the other.
Indiscernibles and Plato’s Forms vs. Parmenides
Authors: Carmichael Jenny
Published: May 2020

In Parmenides, the young Socrates defends several candidate forms against Parmenides, who makes five objections: the objection of forms of common things, the question of the part vs. the whole, the third man argument, infinite regress, and the greatest difficulty problem. I define forms in terms of Leibniz’s Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles (PII) in an attempt to overcome Parmenides’ opposition. I show that the main force in Parmenides’ objections consists of absurdities that emerge in relations between forms and particulars: absurdities that are avoided if the form and its instantiation in the particular are identical.
Mathematical Infinity and the Presocratic Apeiron
Authors: Heath Austin
Published: May 2020

The Presocratic notion of apeiron, often translated as “unbounded,” has been the subject of interest in classical philosophy. Despite apparent similarities between apeiron and infinity, classicists have typically been reluctant to equate the two, citing the mathematically precise nature of infinity. This paper aims to demonstrate that the properties that Anaximander, Zeno, and Anaxagoras attach to apeiron are not fundamentally different from the characteristics that constitute mathematical infinity. Because the sufficient explanatory mathematical tools had not yet been developed, however, their quantitative reasoning remains implicit. Consequentially, the relationship between infinity and apeiron is much closer than classical scholarship commonly suggests.
Beliefs and Blameworthiness
Authors: Jackson Liz
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I analyze epistemic blameworthiness. After presenting Michael Bergmann’s definition of epistemic blameworthiness, I argue that his definition is problematic because it does not have a control condition. I conclude by offering an improved definition of epistemic blameworthiness and defending this definition against potential counterexamples.
There Are No Genuine Disagreements about Funniness
Authors: Badovinatz Eric
Published: May 2020

I argue that there are no genuine disagreements about whether something is funny. My argument rests largely on the premise that something is funny only if someone experiences it as funny. The bulk of this paper is spent supporting this premise, primarily through an analysis of the meaning of “funniness.” The rest of the paper is spent demonstrating how my conclusion follows from this premise.
Concreteness and Contraception
Authors: Kirkland Katie Lane
Published: May 2020

In this paper, I analyze Simone de Beauvoir’s goals for women expressed in The Second Sex and compare these goals to the opportunities created by the Affordable Care Act’s contraceptive mandate. Though the contraceptive mandate advances Beauvoir’s goal of concrete equality by supporting economic independence and recognizing women’s sexual freedom, there are social and political limitations to these advancements.
Criminal Justice Without Moral Responsibility
Authors: Hannum Dane Shade
Published: May 2020

This paper grants the hard determinist position thatmoral responsibility is not coherent with a deterministic worldview and examines hard determinist alternatives to traditionalpunishment. I claim that hard determinist accounts necessarilyinvolve consequentialist reasoning and discuss problems stemmingfrom them. I also argue that a revised model of traditionalconsequentialism called complex consequentialism, a view in whichmultiple values may be considered as ends, provides the best moralframework for a hard determinist account. Ultimately, I examine acriminal justice model that draws heavily on public health ideals andargue that it should considered a complex consequentialist account.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ZAT PENSTABIL DAN JENIS KUNING TELUR TERHADAP MUTU REDUCED FAT MAYONNAISE
Authors: Prabawati Indah , Mustofa Akhmad , Wulandari Yustina Wuri
Published: May 2020

Mayones merupakan produk olahan telur yang memiliki kandungan lemak tinggi. Reduce fat mayonnaise merupakan salah satu jenis mayones yang memiliki kadar lemak rendah dibandingkan full fat mayonnaise. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama jenis zat penstabil dengan berbagai konsentrasi CMC 2,06%, Maltodekstrin 82,43%, Xanthan gum 3,09%.  Faktor kedua jenis kuning telur dengan konsentrasi setiap bahan 20,60% yaitu kuning telur ayam kampung, kuning telur ayam petelur, kuning telur ayam omega 3. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi yang mempunyai kadar lemak lebih rendah yaitu zat penstabil maltodekstrin 82,43% dengan kuning telur ayam omega 3 dengan konsentrasi 20,60% kombinasi perlakuan tersebut mengandung kadar air 28,651%, kadar lemak 45,650%, pH 4,5, viskositas 3,30 Pa.s, kadar gula total 0,897%, kadar protein 0,160%. Pada pengujian organoleptik yaitu warna putih kekuningan (3,3), tekstur lembut (3,97), tekstur creamy (3,46), kesukaan keseluruhan (paling disukai) (2,6), flavor (mayonnaise) (3,21). Pada penelitian ini kadar lemak masih cukup tinggi sehingga belum mencapai tujuan dari pembuatan reduce fat mayonnaise Kata kunci : Mayones, reduce fat mayonnaise, kuning telur ayam, zat penstabil  ABSTRACTMayonnaise is an processed egg product that has a high fat content. Reduce fat mayonnaise is one type of mayonnaise that has lower fat content compared to full fat mayonnaise. The study was conducted using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor was the type of stabilizer with 2.06% of  CMC, 82.43% of maltodextrin and 3.09% of xanthan gum. The second factor was the type of egg yolk with 20.60% concentration of each ingredient, free range chicken egg yolk, broiler chicken egg yolk, omega 3 chicken egg yolk. The results of this study indicate that the combination treatment which has lower fat content was 82.43% of maltodextrin with omega 3 chicken egg yolk of 20.60%. The treatment combination contains 28.651% of water content, 45.650% of  fat content, pH 4.5, viscosity 3.30 Pa.s, total sugar content of 0.897%, protein content of 0.160%. In organoleptic testing, they are color (yellowish white) (3.3), soft texture (3.97), creamy texture (3,46), overall preference (most preferred) (2.6), flavor mayonnaise (3.21). The result of study the fat content was still high so that it has not reached the goal of reduced fat mayonnaise. Keywords: Mayonnaise, reduce fat mayonnaise, chicken egg yolk, stabilizing agent
Ijtihad in Islamic Finance: A Methodology Approach
Authors: Shaharuddin Amir
Published: May 2020

Islamic classical contracts have been revitalized in creating various financial products in Islamic banking institutions. However, their application in the current banking industry is not without argument. It is viewed that the classical contracts are not practiced as propounded in the classical fiqh doctrines. The article discusses the issue by proposing a different methodological approach for Shariah advisors in guiding Islamic banks. Shariah advisors in Islamic banking institutions are encouraged to unbind themselves from nominated Islamic classical contracts (uqud al-musamma’). They need to unveil new contracts that suit with modern practices and authentically able to solve problems and limitations faced by Islamic banks. Based on examination of twelve main classical texts of the four Sunni schools, it is found that Islamic classical commercial contracts evolved over times especially in the Hanafis, Shafi’is and Hanbalis schools. Past Muslim scholars expanded the classical contracts in response to new challenges and problems encountered by Muslim community in their commercial dealings. The evolution of Islamic commercial contracts can be further enhanced by adhering to the principles of transparency, honesty, mutual consent and humanitarian goals.
房地产开发内部控制管理问题及对策研究
Authors: 章 庆宁
Published: May 2020

近年来，在我国大范围推进改革开放的影响下，使得各个领域都得到了全面的发展进步，并且推动了我国的城市化建设工作大范围铺展。在这个过程中房地产开发行业随之发展壮大，这样也造成了土地资源、建筑材料紧缺的问题越发的凸显。全球经济的发展再加上信息化时代的进步，房地产开发行业内部的竞争越发的激烈，因为房地产开发行业自身具有一定的特殊性，其是在投入一定的成本之后才能获取利润的行业，如果不能进行切实有效的控制管理工作，那么必然会引发成本风险，所以房地产企业务必要加大力度针对成本费用进行全面的控制管理，这样才能保证房地产企业能够得到健康稳定的发展，增强自身的综合实力，保证自身在市场中长期处在不败的境地。这篇文章主要针对当下房地产开发产业内部管控工作实际情况展开深入的研究分析，并对其中存在的问题提出专门的解决建议，希望能够在促进房地产行业的稳步发展方面有所帮助。
计算机网络信息安全在大数据下的防护措施探究
Authors: 季 烨
Published: May 2020

科学技术的发展为各个行业的发展壮大创造了良好的基础，计算机网络技术的发展促进了大数据技术的进步，并且这项技术已经被人们引用到了多个领域之中，取得了十分良好的成绩。计算机网络信息安全与大数据的运用效果存在密切的关联，但是因为计算机网络信息安全极易受到外界各种因素的影响而诱发危险，不但会造成信息的泄露，并且会导致严重的经济损失。要想切实的对上述问题加以解决，最为重要的就是需要从各个角度出发提升人们的计算机网络信息安全防护意识，并综合实际情况来制定预防方案，从根本上对网络信息的安全性和准确性加以保证。
现浇连续梁钢管支架的施工材料及计算
Authors: 张 萍
Published: May 2020

满堂碗扣式支架单个杆件轻，操作简便，周转灵活；安装速度快，劳动强度低；扣件为轴心连接，稳定性及承载力高，施工时可依据箱梁断面情况，施工荷载大小进行不同间距的布置与组合等优点 。在恒、活载作用下稳定性比较好，现就使用前在组合恒、活载作用下对模板支架、立杆地基承载力进行检算。安装时须注意的事项及安装顺序。支架安装完成后，应做预压试验，以检查支架的压缩量及稳定性。
既有线铁路信号电气化改造工程施工技术探讨
Authors: 孟 祥久
Published: May 2020

文章先分析了既有线铁路信号实施电气化改造的施工组织设计，包括明确施工原则、制定施工方案与相关设备停用中的统筹施工，随后详细介绍了电气化改造施工技术，希望能给相关人士提供有效参考。
特殊情况下钢筋修复处理
Authors: 范 伟
Published: May 2020

本项目结构类型为剪力墙结构，地下一层（层高6米），地上15层（层高为2.95米），地上建筑总高度为48.8米（含出屋面层），四层及以下剪力墙混凝土强度为C50，所有楼层梁板混凝土强度均为C30。本栋二层土建施工完成后发现，部份剪力墙钢筋断开。针对以上问题，为保证主体结构安全，制定本加固方案。
BIM审图初步探讨
Authors: 孔 杰华
Published: May 2020

文章阐述了BIM的基本概念，追踪总结了国内外BIM技术应用现状；对基于二维CAD的专业审图存在的问题进行了分析，探讨了BIM审图的优势，同时推介应用BIM审图软件。
探究从精细化管理提高城市道路施工管理的科学性
Authors: 李 培营
Published: May 2020

通过在城市道路施工管理中实施精细化管理，可有效提高管理科学性，故而需予以高度重视。在此之上，文章简要分析精细化管理在城市道路施工管理中的显现特征，并通过强化施工人员精细化意识、精细化分配道路施工内容、积极融入精细化管理理念、设置精细化管理评价机制等措施，以此提高施工管理水平。
市政路桥建设中的施工现场安全管理措施
Authors: 杨 超
Published: May 2020

对市政路桥工程予以分析可知，施工的环境呈现出一定的复杂性，影响的因素也较多，这就使得施工难度明显加大。路桥施工多是在露天环境中展开，天气因素必然会产生一定干扰，这样就会导致众多问题出现，甚至会使得施工现场安全无法得到保证。因此说，在展开市政路桥施工的过程中，一定要将安全管理做到位，这样方可使得施工有序展开。
土建工程测量中的测绘新技术应用
Authors: 刘 晓东
Published: May 2020

经过几十年的发展，我国的经济水平越来越高，科学技术也同样得到了快速的发展，计算机技术、远程技术就是其中的代表性技术。而随着各类先进技术的发展与应用，测绘技术的也有了长足的发展，发挥了越来越重要的作用。如今，社会经济水平一直在提升，对于建筑工程也有了更高的要求，而测绘技术在建筑行业中的应用也越来越多，因此，加强对于土建工程测量中测绘新技术应用的研究，提高其应用的效果，对于建筑行业的发展是非常有意义的。
机器人焊接智能化在工作站中的应用
Authors: 杨 焕
Published: May 2020

本论文主要介绍了机器人焊接在自动化工作站中的应用。结合制造现场具体情况，分析人工焊接带来的工作环境差、焊接质量不稳定等诸多弊端，应用自己掌握的自动化方面的技能，实现了多个人工工位转化为自动化焊接工作站。文中重点针对机器人与焊接系统及相关外围控制系统进行了选型、信号分配、程序设计等内容进行了详细的阐述，并通过系统的通讯，实现了工作站机器人自动焊接功能。
园林设计与施工协调管理模式的相关探索
Authors: 史 雪飞
Published: May 2020

现阶段，在我国园林建设方面存在着园林设计与施工不协调的现象，这种现象产生的主要原因是在园林设计人员进行设计时，没有充分的考虑施工中外界因素的限制，导致施工的结果与设计效果相差甚远，这种现象会对园林的建造质量造成一定的影响，使园林建造的美观性降低。
Deciphering the Ets-1/2-mediated transcriptional regulation of F8 gene identifies a minimal F8 promoter for hemophilia A gene therapy
Authors: Rosella Famà  , Ester Borroni  , Simone Merlin  , Chiara Airoldi  , Silvia Pignani  , Alessia Cucci  , Davide Corà  , Valentina Bruscaggin  , Sharon Scardellato  , Stefania Faletti  , Giuliana Pelicci  , Mirko Pinotti  , Gillian E. Walker  , Antonia Follenzi
Published: May 2020

A major challenge in the development of a gene therapy for hemophilia A (HA) is the selection of cell type- or tissue-specific promoters to ensure factor VIII (FVIII) expression without eliciting an immune response. As liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) are the major FVIII source, understanding the transcriptional F8 regulation in these cells would help optimize the minimal F8 promoter (pF8) to efficiently drive FVIII expression. In silico analyses predicted several binding sites (BS) for the E26 transformation-specific (Ets) transcription factors Ets-1 and Ets-2 in the pF8. Reporter assays demonstrated a significant up-regulation of pF8 activity by Ets-1 or Ets-1/Est-2 combination, while Ets2 alone was ineffective. Moreover, Ets-1/Ets-2-DNA binding domain mutants (DBD) abolished promoter activation only when the Ets-1 DBD was removed, suggesting that pF8 up-regulation may occur through Ets-1/Ets-2 interaction with Ets-1 bound to DNA. pF8 carrying Ets-BS deletions unveiled two Ets-BS essential for pF8 activity and response to Ets overexpression. Lentivirus-mediated delivery of GFP or FVIII cassettes driven by the shortened promoters led to GFP expression mainly in endothelial cells in the liver and to long-term FVIII activity without inhibitor formation in HA mice. These data strongly support the potential application of these promoters in HA gene therapy.
Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with minimal residual disease persistence and poor outcome. First report of the minimal residual disease-oriented GIMEMA LAL1913
Authors: Sabina Chiaretti  , Monica Messina  , Irene Della Starza  , Alfonso Piciocchi  , Luciana Cafforio  , Marzia Cavalli  , Akram Taherinasab  , Michela Ansuinelli  , Loredana Elia  , Guglielmo Albertini Petroni  , Roberta La Starza  , Martina Canichella  , Alessia Lauretti  , Maria Ctristina Puzzolo  , Valentina Pierini  , Alessandra Santoro  , Orietta Spinelli  , Valerio Apicella  , Saveria Capria  , Francesco Di Raimondo  , Paolo De Fabritiis  , Cristina Papayannidis  , Anna Candoni  , Roberto Cairoli  , Marco Cerrano  , Nicola Fracchiolla  , Daniele Mattei  , Chiara Cattaneo  , Antonella Vitale  , Enrico Crea  , Paola Fazi  , Cristina Mecucci  , Alessandro Rambaldi  , Anna Guarini  , Renato Bassan  , Robin Foà
Published: May 2020

Early recognition of Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases could impact on the management and outcome of this subset of B-lineage ALL. To assess the prognostic value of the Ph-like status in a pediatric-inspired, minimal residual disease (MRD)-driven trial, we screened 88 B-lineage ALL cases negative for the major fusion genes (BCR-ABL1, ETV6-RUNX1, TCF3-PBX1 and KTM2Ar) enrolled in the GIMEMA LAL1913 front-line protocol for adult BCR/ABL1-negative ALL. The screening - performed using the BCR/ABL1-like predictor - identified 28 Ph-like cases (31.8%), characterized by CRLF2 overexpression (35.7%), JAK/STAT pathway mutations (33.3%), IKZF1 (63.6%), BTG1 (50%) and EBF1 (27.3%) deletions, and rearrangements targeting tyrosine kinases or CRLF2 (40%). The correlation with outcome highlighted that: i) the complete remission (CR) rate was significantly lower in Ph-like compared to non-Ph-like cases (74.1% vs 91.5%, p=0.044); ii) at time point 2 (TP2), decisional for transplant allocation, 52.9% of Ph-like cases vs 20% of non-Ph-like were MRD-positive (p=0.025); iii) the Ph-like profile was the only parameter associated with a higher risk of being MRD-positive at TP2 (p=0.014); iv) at 24 months, Ph-like patients had a significantly inferior event-free and disease-free survival compared to non-Ph-like patients (33.5% vs 66.2%, p=0.005 and 45.5% vs 72.3%, p=0.062, respectively). This study documents that Ph-like patients have a lower CR rate, EFS and DFS, as well as a greater MRD persistence also in a pediatric-oriented and MRD-driven adult ALL protocol, thus reinforcing that the early recognition of Ph-like ALL patients at diagnosis is crucial to refine risk-stratification and to optimize therapeutic strategies.
Исследование параметров подачи огнетушащего порошкового состава огнетушителем
Authors: Журов Марк , Бобрышева Светлана , Лахвич Вячеслав , Рыжков Михаил
Published: May 2020

Цель. Исследовать параметры подачи огнетушащего порошка огнетушителем.

Методы. Экспериментальное определение интенсивности подачи и дальности струи огнетушащего порошка.

Результаты. Проведены исследования параметров подачи огнетушащего порошкового состава в очаг пожара, получены значения интенсивности и дальности его подачи с помощью стандартного и модернизированного порошкового огнетушителя. По результатам испытаний установлено, что при одинаковом начальном давлении, количестве порошка и насадке-распылителе в модернизированном огнетушителе увеличивается дальность струи, площадь распыления и интенсивность подачи. Экспериментально доказана эффективность тушения с применением предлагаемой конструкции огнетушителя.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для оптимизации конструкции порошкового огнетушителя, формы и размеров насадка-распылителя, а также совершенствования тактики тушения пожаров с применением порошковых огнетушителей.
Совершенствование функционирования системы передачи извещений о пожаре «Молния»
Authors: Грачулин Александр , Шкирандо Дмитрий
Published: May 2020

Цель. Разработать предложения по совершенствованию функционирования системы передачи извещений о пожаре «Молния» для уменьшения экономических затрат со стороны МЧС Республики Беларусь из-за выездов пожарных подразделений вследствие ложных срабатываний систем пожарной автоматики.

Методы. Анализ статистических данных о функционировании системы передачи извещений о пожаре «Молния» в г. Минске. Оценка экономических затрат на выезды пожарных подразделений вследствие ложных срабатываний систем пожарной автоматики.

Результаты. Разработаны предложения по совершенствованию функционирования системы передачи извещений о пожаре «Молния», внедрение которых позволит уменьшить количество ложных выездов пожарных подразделений и снизить экономические затраты со стороны МЧС Республики Беларусь.

Область применения исследований. Представленные результаты исследований могут быть использованы при модернизации системы передачи извещений о пожаре «Молния».
A Case of Adult Membranous Croup Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Mimicking Laryngeal Diphtheria
Authors: Park Chanhyeon , Lee Dong Hoo , Park Sung Yool , Kim Do Hun
Published: May 2020

Membranous croup is a rare disease that is characterized by diffuse inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi with adherent or semiadherent mucopurulent membranes in the subglottic trachea and larynx. All cases have occurred in children and there has been no case of adults. The clinical signs, symptoms, progress and prognosis of membranous croup are more severe than those of ordinary croup. The detached membrane in membranous croup may cause a high degree of air way obstruction and give similar characteristics of laryngeal diphtheria, thus it is important to differentiate it from diphtheria by identifying the pathogen. Herein we report with a review of literature a rare case of adult membranous croup caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus mimicking laryngeal diphtheria.
Entecavir+tenofovir vs. lamivudine/telbivudine+adefovir in chronic hepatitis B patients with prior suboptimal response
Authors: Woo Hyun Young , Park Jun Yong , Bae Si Hyun , Kim Chang Wook , Jang Jae Young , Tak Won Young , Kim Dong Joon , Kim In Hee , Heo Jeong , Ahn Sang Hoon
Published: May 2020

Background/Aims: Suboptimal responses to lamivudine or telbivudine plus adefovir (LAM/LdT+ADV) rescue therapy are common in patients with LAM-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. We compared patients switched to entecavir plus tenofovir (ETV+TDF) to those maintained on LAM/LdT+ADV.Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial examined 91 patients whose serum HBV DNA levels were greater than 60 IU/mL after at least 24 weeks of treatment with LAM/LdT+ADV for LAM-resistant HBV. Patients were randomized to receive a new treatment (ETV+TDF, n=45) or maintained on the same treatment (LAM/LdT+ADV, n=46) for 48 weeks. Patients with baseline ADV resistance were excluded.Results: Compared to LAM/LdT+ADV group, ETV+TDF group had more patients with a virologic response (42/45 [93.33%] vs. 3/46 [6.52%], P<0.001) and had a greater mean reduction in serum HBV DNA level from baseline (-4.16 vs. -0.37 log10 IU/mL, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that high baseline HBV DNA level (P=0.005) and LAM/LdT+ADV maintenance therapy (P=0.001) were negatively associated with virologic response. At week 48, additional ADV- or ETV-associated mutations were cleared in ETV+TDF group, but such mutations were present in 4.3% of patients in LAM/LdT+ADV group (P=0.106). The two groups had similar rates of adverse events.Conclusions: ETV+TDF combination treatment led to a significantly higher rate of virologic response compared to LAM/LdT+ADV combination treatment in patients with LAM-resistant HBV who had suboptimal responses to LAM/LdT+ADV regardless of HBV genotypic resistance profile (NCT01597934).
Almanya Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmeni Yetiştirme Programı
Authors: BİLİCİ Şükrü , BEDİRHANOĞLU Hüseyin Erkan
Published: May 2020

Dünyanın farklı ülkelerinde “Sosyal Bilgiler” dersleri işlenmektedir. Amerikada Sosyal bilgiler dersinde tarih, coğrafya ve vatandaşlık eğitimi konularına ağırlık verilmekteyken Federal Almanya Cumhuriyetinde tarih, coğrafya, değerler ve normlar, toplum bilinci dersleri ve sosyal bilgiler dersleri ayrı işlenmektedir. Almanyada üniversitelerde Sozialkunde (Sosyal bilgiler) dersleri farklı eyaletlerde okutulmaktadır. Bu çerçevede Almanya da Sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni yetiştirme sisteminin incelenmesi farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi tekniği kullanılarak Alman eğitim sistemi içerisinde sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni yetiştirme programı incelenerek konu ile ilgili dökümanlar analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Almanya sosyal bilgiler öğretmenliği yetiştirme programı incelendiğinde önemli farklılıkların olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu farklılıkların başında ders içerikleri yer almaktadır. Sosyal Bilgiler (Sozialkunde) ders içeriğinde sosyoloji, siyaset bilimi ve çağdaş tarih konularına yer verildiği görülmektedir. Almanyada Lisans (Bachelor) eğitimini tamamlayarak Birinci devlet sınavını (Staatexamen) kazanan öğretmenler atandıktan sonra iki yıl stajerlik eğitimi almaktadır. Aday öğretmenler iki uzmanın kontrolünde öğretmenlik mesleğini tüm yönleriyle yerine getirmeye çalışır. Bu süre sonunda yapılan ikinci devlet sınavının başarılmasıyla asil öğretmenlik yapmaya hak kazanırlar.
Reflexões sobre escrita e ensino a partir do vestibular como elo dialógico entre práticas letradas
Authors: Miranda Flávia Danielle Sordi Silva , Maciel Lucas Vinício de Carvalho
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho, a partir do conceito bakhtiniano de dialogismo/relações dialógicas, desenvolvemos algumas reflexões sobre a escrita institucionalizada e práticas de ensino. Para tanto, correlacionamos propostas de redação de duas provas vestibulares de uma mesma e destacada instituição de Ensino Superior no país. Na discussão, retomamos os enunciados dessas propostas para observar formas diversas de configuração das relações dialógicas em suas composições e nas expectativas nelas engendradas sobre novas relações dialógicas a serem estabelecidas nas produções textuais dos escreventes cuja diversidade cresce cada vez mais. Compreendemos os textos produzidos nesse contexto de avaliação como gêneros discursivos realizados em eventos específicos de letramentos nos quais relações dialógicas são esperadas e muito podem revelar sobre práticas de escrita. As reflexões realizadas confirmaram haver diálogos explícitos e implícitos nas propostas de redação e a expectativa de que os escreventes respondam a esses diálogos em seus textos escritos continuando-os. Além disso, também discorremos sobre o que se espera desses estudantes quando ingressarem na universidade e tiverem de produzir gêneros acadêmicos, a saber, que continuem a mobilizar relações dialógicas em suas produções escritas. Finalmente, ficou evidente o fato de que há maneiras diferentes de se estabelecer as relações dialógicas quando se escreve, o que deveria, portanto, pautar práticas de ensino.
Práticas epilinguísticas axiológicas na reescrita: caracterização teórico-metodológica
Authors: Polato Adriana Delmira Mendes , Beloti Adriana , Menegassi Renilson José
Published: May 2020

O trabalho prospecta a caracterização teórico-metodológica do que propomos como práticas epilinguísticas axiológicas, o que se apresenta como expansão das propostas de práticas epilinguísticas feitas por Franchi e Geraldi. Conclama-se, por esta razão, a mobilização dos conceitos axiológicos da entoação, do juízo de valor e do extraverbal da enunciação nos processos de revisão e reeescrita. No plano metodológico, analisa-se o processo que envolve o diálogo entre um dos pesquisadores e uma aluna do 4º ano do Ensino Fundamental I, depois de seu texto ter passado por revisão e reescrita voltada a critérios de ordem cognitiva e não dialógica. Os resultados preliminares demonstram que: a) as práticas epilinguísticas axiológicas, em forma de blocos de questionamentos dialógicos, modificam o caráter da revisão e da reescrita, por convocar a manifestação da consciência sociodeológica do sujeito autor de textos a respeito das condutas socioideológicas representadas no texto; b) permite emergir a vida social e o discurso próprio no enunciado, o que a se concretiza no estilo verbal de linguagem empregado, que se torna mais livre, fluído e expressivo, com escolhas vocabulares e sintáticas valoradas e direcionadas ao todo do acabamento valorativo do enunciado como atuação discursiva, no que se espera com o trabalho balizado pelo dialogismo.
Sociointeracionismo: dialogando com Bakhtin e Vygotsky sobre o sujeito fruto das interações sociais
Authors: Lopes Sandra Cristina Rodrigues , Santos e Silva Débora Cristina
Published: May 2020

O referencial teórico que embasa este trabalho integra e articula os conceitos de social em Vygotsky e Bakhtin, com o objetivo de explicitar de que maneira a articulação construída nessa interface pode contribuir para reflexões sobre a compreensão da influência que os fenômenos sociointeracionais têm na vida do sujeito. Dessa forma, apoiados em uma revisão bibliográfica, iniciamos o texto apresentando os conceitos de reflexo e refração, de Bakhtin, e de ZPD ou Zona Proximal de Desenvolvimento, de Vygotsky. Em seguida, o estudo articula o conceito de social e seus desdobramentos, presente nos pressupostos de Vygotsky e de Bakhtin, uma vez que as ideias destes autores se entrelaçam em muitos aspectos, dentre eles o de considerar as ações humanas em suas dimensões sociais. A compreensão do sujeito, fruto das relações sócio-interacionais será, então, o foco deste trabalho que visa construir um diálogo entre as ideias expostas nos conceitos de Bakhtin e de Vygotsky. Assim, buscamos elucidar a convergência de ideias do aspecto social de ambos e, para tanto, respaldar-nos-emos em alguns autores estudiosos destes teóricos, como Maria Teresa de Assunção Freitas, Carlos Alberto Faraco entre outros. Concluímos o estudo explicitando a natureza relacional demarcadora do processo de desenvolvimento humano, posto que o sujeito se constrói na relação com o outro e com o mundo; difere-se e marca a sua singularidade justamente no espaço relacional.
Encontro formativo de professores e licenciandos em matemática em uma comunidade de prática: alguns aspectos em destaque
Authors: Borges Fábio Alexandre , Cyrino Márcia Cristina de Costa Trindade
Published: May 2020

A presente pesquisa1 se desenvolveu como parte de um projeto de formação docente de professores que ensinam Matemática, do qual participaram futuros professores, professores da Educação Básica e docentes da Universidade. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as impressões de futuros professores de matemática e de professores da Educação Básica a respeito dessa formação e suas implicações para a prática pedagógica e a formação dos participantes. Para coleta dos dados, foram utilizadas o que denominamos “memórias de implementação” de oito futuros professores e três professores da Educação Básica. Na análise dos dados, foram considerados pressupostos da Análise de Conteúdo. Dentre os resultados, destacam-se: uma visão (auto)crítica acerca dos aspectos relacionados à atividade docente; o diálogo como instrumento de ensino e de aprendizagem matemática; o desencontro entre o planejado e o real na sala de aula; e a percepção das contribuições da formação para a atuação docente. Programas de formação de professores que promovam e explorem a articulação entre universidade e escola são férteis para o movimento de constituição da identidade profissional dos envolvidos e revelam a necessidade de políticas públicas que fomentem esse tipo de formação.
O dialogismo como potencial teórico-metodológico ao ensino (de literatura): no horizonte de Bakhtin e o Círculo
Authors: De Santana Wilder Kleber Fernandes , Miotello Valdemir
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho mobilizou estudos sobre o dialogismo e as relações dialógicas, categorias centrais no pensamento de Bakhtin e o Círculo, no intuito de perceber como podem se aplicar ao ensino. Para tanto, delimitou-se como objetivo analisar o dialogismo como potencial teórico-metodológico ao ensino de literatura, especificamente no Ensino Médio escolar. Sob horizonte do pensamento de Bakhtin e o Círculo é possível tecer metodologias de ensino eficazes, as quais enriqueçam a compreensão de linguagem que é constituída em sala de aula. Faz-se necessário que um professor de literatura explore as fronteiras discursivas do texto, ao explorar não apenas a forma (se é soneto, verso livre, haicai) nem o material (verbal ou imagético, escultura de mármore ou de madeira), mas sobretudo todos esses elementos articulados com o conteúdo situado historicamente. Após as discussões teóricas, averiguou-se como o dialogismo se concretiza analiticamente, em um poema de Almeida Garret, intitulado “Este Inferno de amar!”, presente em seu livro Folhas Caídas. Nas conclusões, percebeu-se que, através da metodologia dialógica, diversos campos de saber foram explorados, de modo que foi possível despertar nos sujeitos alunos capacidade crítica de leitura e compreensão, com pontos de vista plurais, sob prisma alteritário.