bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents from southern Brazil: comparison to international reference values
Authors: Welser Letícia , Lima Rodrigo Antunes , Silveira João Francisco , Andersen Lars Bo , Pfeiffer Karin Allor , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo , Reuter Cézane Priscila
Published: July 2021

Objectives

To compare cardiometabolic risk factors of Brazilian children and adolescents with international reference values. Cardiometabolic risk factors constitute the Metabolic Syndrome, whose evaluation is important to assess pediatric populations’ health and potential to experience metabolic disorders.

Methods

Cross-sectional study that included 2,250 randomly selected children and adolescents (55.6% girls), aged 6 to 17. Cardiometabolic parameters (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], systolic and diastolic blood pressures [SBP and DBP], total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], TC:HDL-C ratio, triglycerides [TG], glucose and peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak]), and clustered risk scores were compared to international age- and sex-specific reference values. A clustered risk score was calculated by summing the WC, glucose, SBP, TG, and the TC:HDL-C ratio Z-scores divided by five. A second clustered was calculated including VO2peak (inverted) Z-score, but divided by six.

Results

The clustered risk score, considering the all ages sample, was better in the Brazilian boys (−0.20 [−0.41;0.01] and −0.18 [−0.37;0.01], including or not VO2peak, respectively) but not significantly, and worse in girls (0.24 [0.05;0.43] and 0.28 [0.11;0.44], including or not VO2peak, respectively) than the international reference. Additionally, Brazilian youth had a statistically better profile in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC:HDL-C ratio, and VO2peak (only girls) as well as a worse profile in BMI, WC, SBP, DBP, TG (only girls), and VO2peak (only boys).

Conclusions

The clustered cardiometabolic risk score (including or not VO2peak), considering the all ages sample, was better in the Brazilian boys, but not significantly, and worse in girls compared to the international reference.
Pushing against the boundaries: Entertaining impoliteness and taboo discourse in the Egyptian TV showAbla Fahita
Authors: Ibrahim Wesam M. A.
Published: July 2021

Impoliteness can be defined as the use of “communicative strategies” which are “designed to attack face, and thereby cause social conflict and disharmony” (Culpeper et al. 2003, 1564). The present study applies Jonathan Culpeper’s (2011a) model of “impoliteness” supplemented by the notions of jocular mockery, jocular abuse, and recipients’ responses (Bousfield 2008, 2010, Haugh and Bousfield 2012) to the Egyptian TV show Abla Fahita. Abla Fahita (Egyptian Arabic: أبلة فاهيتا‎ [ʾabla fāhīta]) is a puppet character that has regularly appeared on Egyptian television since 2011. The show is hugely popular and has been phenomenally successful, being watched on average by millions, according to the Egyptian Centre for Research on Public Opinion. It should be noted, however, that, due to the conservative nature of Egyptian culture, Abla Fahita and other similar TV shows are considered to violate Egyptian politeness standards radically. Hence, such shows have been condemned as degrading and of low moral standards and have been accused of causing a deterioration in the standards of Egyptian public taste. Despite all denunciations, Abla Fahita still enjoys a huge audience and dominates broadcast ratings. Part of the show’s popularity can be ascribed to its characteristic impoliteness, particularly Abla Fahita’s off-beat expressions in mocking her guests and her use of sexual innuendo, which is seen as entertaining by many viewers. The study, which reveals thatAbla Fahitaemploys what can be called a humorous-impoliteness formula to entertain viewers, is an attempt to apply contemporary Impoliteness Theory across cultures, and to Colloquial Egyptian Arabic in particular.
Complementarity of Information Products
Authors: Ching Andrew T. , Horstmann Ignatius , Lim Hyunwoo
Published: July 2021

In “Marketing Information: A Competitive Analysis,” Sarvary, M., and P. M. Parker. 1997. “Marketing Information: A Competitive Analysis.” Marketing Science 16 (1): 24–38 (S&P) argue that in part of the parameter space that they considered, a reduction in the price of one information product can lead to an increase in demand for another information product, i.e. information products can be gross complements. This result is surprising and has potentially important marketing implications. We show that S&P obtain this complementarity result by implicitly making the following internally inconsistent assumptions: (i) after purchasing information products, consumers update their beliefs using a Bayesian updating rule that assumes they have a diffuse initial prior (i.e. their initial prior variance is ∞ before receiving any information); (ii) if consumers choose not to purchase any information product, it is assumed that their initial prior variance is 1 (implied by the utility function specification). This internal inconsistency leads to the possibility that when information products are uncorrelated and their variances are close to 1, marginal utility is increasing in the number of products purchased, and hence information products can be complements in their model. We show that if we remove this internal inconsistency, in the parameter space considered by S&P, information products cannot be complements because the marginal utility of information products will be diminishing. We also show that, in parts of the parameter space not considered by S&P, it is possible that information products are complements; this space of parameters requires consumer’s initial prior to be relatively precise and information products to be highly correlated (either positively or negatively).
Collocation based training of neural ordinary differential equations
Authors: Roesch Elisabeth , Rackauckas Christopher , Stumpf Michael P. H.
Published: July 2021

The predictive power of machine learning models often exceeds that of mechanistic modeling approaches. However, the interpretability of purely data-driven models, without any mechanistic basis is often complicated, and predictive power by itself can be a poor metric by which we might want to judge different methods. In this work, we focus on the relatively new modeling techniques of neural ordinary differential equations. We discuss how they relate to machine learning and mechanistic models, with the potential to narrow the gulf between these two frameworks: they constitute a class of hybrid model that integrates ideas from data-driven and dynamical systems approaches. Training neural ODEs as representations of dynamical systems data has its own specific demands, and we here propose a collocation scheme as a fast and efficient training strategy. This alleviates the need for costly ODE solvers. We illustrate the advantages that collocation approaches offer, as well as their robustness to qualitative features of a dynamical system, and the quantity and quality of observational data. We focus on systems that exemplify some of the hallmarks of complex dynamical systems encountered in systems biology, and we map out how these methods can be used in the analysis of mathematical models of cellular and physiological processes.
Normalizing Surveillance
Authors: Selinger Evan , Rhee Hyo Joo (Judy)
Published: July 2021

Definitions of privacy change, as do norms for protecting it. Why, then, are privacy scholars and activists currently worried about “normalization”? This essay explains what normalization means in the context of surveillance concerns and clarifies why normalization has significant governance consequences. We emphasize two things. First, the present is a transitional moment in history. AI-infused surveillance tools offer a window into the unprecedented dangers of automated real-time monitoring and analysis. Second, privacy scholars and activists can better integrate supporting evidence to counter skepticism about their most disturbing and speculative claims about normalization. Empirical results in moral psychology support the assertion that widespread surveillance typically will lead people to become favorably disposed toward it. If this causal dynamic is pervasive, it can diminish autonomy and contribute to a slippery slope trajectory that diminishes privacy and civil liberties.
Covid-19 Response Models and Divergences Within the EU: A Health Dis-Union
Authors: Ceron Matilde , Palermo Carlo Maria , Grechi Daniele
Published: July 2021

The symmetric shock of the Covid-19 pandemic has come with heterogeneous consequences across the world. Within the common institutional framework of the European Union, the outbreak has put under extreme stress governance and interplay between the national and supranational level. Under some coordination, responses have remained largely in the hands and on the shoulders of the Member States. In this context, the article classifies pandemic outbreaks and responses along the containment and fiscal support dimensions to uncover whether a common model for Covid-19 crisis management arises across the EU27 or rather different policy choices patterns emerge within the continent. Based on indicators covering the three dimensions derived from the Oxford Covid Government response tracker, the John Hopkins CSSE Covid-19 database and the European Commission Autumn Forecasts, the paper employs hierarchical cluster analysis to uncover response group across countries and characterize them by the outbreak, containment and fiscal support strengths, delineating as well the geographical distribution across and within the clusters. The findings present the heterogeneity of response models, robust to alternative specifications and timeframes across the first and the second wave, deriving broader implications for the outlook for the vaccine-roll out and exit from the crisis. The dynamics in 2020 are also considered in the context of the shortcomings of supranational governance within the EU and the current policy reform debate, highlighting the high stakes for the upcoming Conference on the Future of Europe. The contribution of the work is furthered by offering a systematic methodology and framework to study heterogeneities of pandemic responses within the EU paving the way for further analysis of contributing factors explaining decision-makers policy choices as well as performance concerning political, social and economic outcomes across the models.
The gender system of Anii
Authors: Fiedler Ines
Published: July 2021

The present paper describes the gender system of Anii, a Na-Togo language spoken in Benin and Togo. Anii has a full-fledged and productive gender system that consists of 10 agreement classes. It also provides 10 nominal form classes that are not fully identical with the agreement classes. The assignment of gender follows largely morphological criteria, but the prevalent principle for the current classification system is the division of nouns along the animacy hierarchy.
Das Risikomanagement in Genossenschaftsbanken und Sparkassen gemäß Risiko- und Offenlegungsbericht
Authors: Helms Nils , Seufert Nina
Published: July 2021

Kreditinstitute müssen im Rahmen der externen Rechnungslegung und der Regulatorik über ihr Risikomanagement berichten. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert für Genossenschaftsbanken und Sparkassen vergleichend, welche Informationen der Berichtsadressat aus dem externen Risiko- und Offenlegungsbericht gewinnen kann und welche Redundanzen dabei bestehen. Die Untersuchung verdeutlicht, dass die Informationen zum Risikomanagement in den von den Instituten publizierten Risiko- und Offenlegungsberichten unterschiedlich ausführlich ausfallen, teils institutsunspezifische Standardtexte verwendet werden und Redundanzen die Berichtstransparenz einschränken. Zukünftig sollte in der Berichtspraxis möglichst ein Berichtsmedium eingesetzt, die Angaben auf das spezifisch Entscheidungsrelevante fokussiert und gesetzliche Vorgaben spezifiziert werden.
Die Beteiligung einer Kommune an einer Infrastrukturgenossenschaft
Authors: Schwarzer Pascal
Published: July 2021

Der Beitrag skizziert die eingangs erwähnten Entscheidungen des Verwaltungsgerichts Hannover und des Oberverwaltungsgerichts Lüneburg, in denen es um die kommunalverfassungsrechtliche Zulässigkeit der Beteiligung einer Kommune an einer Fernwärme- und Breitbandnetzgenossenschaft ging. Nach einer kurzen Darstellung des Sachverhalts und der gerichtlichen Argumentation werden die Entscheidungen anhand der klassischen Auslegungsmethoden einer kritischen Bewertung unterzogen. Im Schlussteil werden die sich aus der Rechtsform der eingetragenen Genossenschaft ergebenden Besonderheiten, insbesondere im Vergleich zu den klassischen Kapitalgesellschaften, beleuchtet.
Экологические амбиции Европейского союза: синяя экономика
Authors: Kolesnikova Marina
Published: July 2021

В записке рассматриваются новые предложения Европейской комиссии о переводе синей экономики ЕC на принципы устойчивой синей экономики. В 2021 году ЕС приступил к разработке критериев оценки устойчивости морских отраслей, которые он предполагает внедрять в практику мирового сообщества. С учетом накопленного опыта ЕС становится одним из законодателей экологических стандартов в сфере морепользования и может стать мировым лидером в данной области. Это создает риски для России, поскольку обсуждение критериев устойчивости и других экологических правил ЕС осуществляется без участия нашей страны и может в дальнейшем привести к формированию неблагоприятных конкурентных условий в морской экономической сфере.
High strain-rate dynamic compressive behavior and energy absorption of distiller’s dried grains and soluble composites with paulownia and pine wood using a split Hopkinson pressure bar technique
Authors: Stoddard Damian , Ukyam Suman Babu , Tisserat Brent , Turner Ivy , Baird Rowan , Serafin Sofia , Torrado Jose , Chaudhary Birendra , Piazza Alex , Tudor Mason , Rajendran Arunachalam M.
Published: July 2021

Novel bio-based composite wood panels (CWPs) that consisted of distiller’s dried grains and solubles (DDGS) flour adhesive bound to a wood filler/reinforcement were subjected to high strain-rate compression loading, and their behavior was investigated. Specimens of DDGS-Paulownia wood (PW) or DDGS-pinewood (Pine) composites made using DDGS with fractions of 10%, 15%, 25%, and 50% were tested at high strain-rates using a modified compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). Both DDGS-PW and DDGS-Pine composites displayed strain-rate sensitivity, and DDGS-PW had a 25% fraction, which showed the highest ultimate compressive strength of 655 MPa at approximately 1600/s. The 90%-PW had the highest specific energy of 19.24 kJ/kg at approximately 1600/s when loaded via dynamic compression. The CWPs constructed of DDGS-PW had higher strength and energy absorption than DDGS-Pine with the exception of the 50% DDGS composites.
Effect of enzyme type on the control of fluorescent whitening agents during recycling
Authors: Jo Hae Min , Lee Ji Young , Kim Su Ho , Lee Yeon Hui , Kim Chul Hwan
Published: July 2021

The goal of this study was to develop an eco-friendly removal technology for fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) using enzymes suitable for each type of FWA. Internally treated paper with internal FWA (D-FWA) and surface-sized paper with surface-sizing FWA (T-FWA) were made as model papers in a laboratory. The enzymatic treatments were applied to the stock prepared using these model papers by disintegration. Cellulase and (alpha-) amylase treatments were performed at 50 °C under the conditions of pH 3 to 4 and pH 7 to 8, respectively. After disintegration and enzymatic treatments, handsheets were made, and the fluorescence index and FWA reduction of these handsheets were determined for evaluating FWA removal during recycling. Because D-FWA gets strongly attached to cellulosic fibers, it could not be easily separated from the internally treated paper by disintegration. Up to 8.1% of D-FWA was removed by enzymatic treatment with high-activity cellulase. Amylase could not separate D-FWA from cellulosic fibers. In the case of T-FWA, ca. 41% was separated by disintegration, and an additional 24% was detached from surface-sized papers by high-activity amylase treatment. Therefore, cellulase was effective in removing internal FWA (D-FWA), and amylase was required for removing surface-sizing FWA (T-FWA) during recycling.
Learning Style Preferences of Pharmacy Students
Authors: Aziz Zoriah , Yi Tey Xin , Alwia Syireen , Jet Chong Nyuk
Published: July 2021

Students have preferences about how they like to learn. Available evidence suggests that understanding students’ learning style is helpful in providing them a successful learning experience. The aim of the study was to determine the learning styles preferences of pharmacy students. The Honey and Mumford’s Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was administered twice to all undergraduate pharmacy students (n=240) in the University of Malaya, Malaysia. The LSQ covered four different learning preferences: activist, reflector, theorist and pragmatist. The LSQ showed satisfactory test-retest correlation (0.57 to 0.66) and moderate internal reliability (0.53 to 0.61). Reflector learning style was the most common among the students (60.4%) followed by theorist and pragmatist (both 8.8%) and activist (6.2%). Another 15.8% of the students did not show any dominant learning styles. The preferred learning styles were statistically independent of the demographic variables examined such as level of academic year, sex, race and pre-university qualifications. A range of teaching methods and learning activities should be provided in pharmacy education in order to match the variety of learning styles.
The Effectiveness of a Lifecycle Approach to Learning Project Management
Authors: Nooriafshar Mehryar
Published: July 2021

This paper is based on an ongoing research project. Its main purpose is to demonstrate the effectiveness of adopting the project lifecycle approach to learning Project Management through an interactive multimedia system. This multimedia system, referred to as the interactive tool (or the tool) in the paper, is a flash based environment. It can be accessed from either the local storage device of a computer or the Internet under both Microsoft and Apple based operating systems. The tool follows the standard lifecycle phases of a project in teaching fundamentals of Project Management at the undergraduate level. In order to demonstrate its learning effectiveness, the tool was put to the test at three different universities in Australia, Japan and Canada. All the participants were taking Project Management as part of their studies. This combination provided the opportunity of studying participants from different learning, linguistic and cultural backgrounds. The test consisted of a specially designed workshop with customisations for each country. The main objective was to measure and gauge the learning outcome in each case. The findings confirmed that all the participants from every group achieved two main goals of learning the field; and enjoying the learning process.
The Administration of Student Support System in the Education Extended School under the Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area 4
Authors: Prasertcharoensuk Thanomwana , Chanprasert Sirikarn
Published: July 2021

According to the core curriculum of Basic School 2008, specified the things students should know and practice in the learning standard and indicator including: knowledge and competency, ethics and morality, desirable value. The Office of Khon Kaen Primary Educational Service Area 4 implemented work to serve the Office of Basic School Commission and supported the student support system of Secondary Schools, and Extended Schools in implementing the sustainable student support based on action plan in moving the student support system. Therefore, the researchers were interested in studying the administrative system in student support system of the Extended School, how the situation and problem would be, and to find guidelines for administration of student support system to achieve goal in practicing based on the policy further.
Leading Change in Teacher Education In Australia Through University-School Partnerships
Authors: Broadbent Carolyn , Brady Jo
Published: July 2021

Recent government reviews of higher education in Australia have highlighted the need for comprehensive reform across the tertiary education and training sector. Teacher education has traditionally been offered in isolation from schools. Innovative partnerships between universities, schools, employing bodies, and other educational institutions are now encouraged. This study evaluates the impact and effectiveness of one university-school partnership between an Australian university and a large secondary college in Canberra, Australia. The partnership, titled the Down South initiative, embeds secondary teacher education within a College learning environment to bring together academics, secondary college students and teachers, and pre-service teachers for learning and research. The paper provides evidence of the effectiveness of the partnership in strengthening pre-service teachers’ professional identity, knowledge and practice and by contributing to mutually reciprocal outcomes for all.
Effects of Technology Transfer Offices on Capacity Building in Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Sart Gamze
Published: July 2021

The article revises the effects of technology transfer offices (TTOs) on capacity building within the university, from the perspective of creativity, innovation and entrepreneurship. The objective of the article is to understand clearly and deeply how TTOs build capacity in creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship for all the stakeholders, researchers, faculty members, SMEs, incubators, undergraduate and graduate students, and attorneys. Particular focus is given for analysing TTOs activities in order to comprehend the strategy of TTOs in delivering and building capacity for innovative products and services. The author concludes that the universities and TTOs should have a common strategic plan and policy to empower and to increase efficiently and effectively the impacts TTOs activities have on the development of the technology-based innovative products and services.
Motivation-Based Teaching Practices
Authors: Khaldi Anissa
Published: July 2021

One of the factors that have been found to significantly influence EFL language learners’ success is motivation. It is said that it provides a strong impetus to initiate learning and, at the same time, a driving force to sustain the long, often tiring process of learning. Hence, it is crucial for instructors to consider how to foster this important variable. The present article argues that motivation can be stimulated through a number of teaching practices. It will set out to review some research concerning motivation along with its different components. Moreover, the article will explain how motivation helps learners pursuit their challenging learning goals in the path of success. The bulk of the final part will be devoted to some of the instructional practices that teachers may use so as to get learners motivated as well as sustain their motivation. Finally, the conclusion of this article will also shed light on the idea that although motivation is a key factor for success, it is not the only variable that EFL instructors should seek to take into account. There are other variables that can be held responsible for successful learning.
Моделювання впливу дифузійних збурень на розвиток інфекційного захворювання з урахуванням конвекції та імунотерапії
Authors: Барановський С.В. , Бомба А.Я. , Ляшко С.І.
Published: July 2021

Математичну модель інфекційного захворювання модифіковано для врахування впливу дифузійних збурень та конвекції на динаміку імунної відповіді в умовах імунотерапії. Розв’язок відповідної сингулярно збуреної задачі із запізненням зведено до послідовності розв’язків задач без запізнення, для яких шукані функції отримані у вигляді асимптотичних рядів як збурення розв’язків відповідних вироджених задач. Наведені результати числового моделювання, які ілюструють вплив дифузійного перерозподілу діючих факторів на розвиток інфекційного захворювання в умовах імунотерапії. Продемонстровано зниження рівня максимальної концентрації антигенів в епіцентрі зараження внаслідок їх дифузійного перерозподілу.
Напруження у порожнистому циліндрі, послабленому множинними тріщиноподібними дефектами
Authors: Стасюк Б.М.
Published: July 2021

У роботі тривимірний напружений стан порожнистого, безмежного вздовж осі пружного циліндра, що містить множинні внутрішні тонкі податливі включення чисельно моделюється модифікованим методом граничних інтегральних рівнянь. З цією метою гіперсингулярні інтеграли на поверхнях включень подаються у формі, в якій поведінка розв’язку поблизу їх контурів враховується неявно. Ця модифікація дозволяє уніфікувати дискретизацію рівнянь методом колокацій, а також безпосередньо визначити коефіцієнти інтенсивності напружень на контурах серединних поверхонь включень. Отримано числові розв’язки задачі взаємодії двох кругових податливих включень, серединна поверхня яких лежить в одній площині з віссю порожнистого циліндра, що перебуває під дією внутрішнього тиску.
Вплив радіаційної повзучості на визначення формозміни вигородки активної зони реактора ВВЕР-1000 за умов довгострокової експлуатації
Authors: Чирков О.Ю. , Харченко В.В.
Published: July 2021

Наведено результати аналізу щодо впливу радіаційної повзучості на розрахункову оцінку формозміни вигородки активної зони реактора ВВЕР-1000 за умов довгострокової експлуатації. Застосовано сучасні моделі радіаційного розпухання і радіаційної повзучості, в яких враховується вплив напруженого стану і накопиченої незворотної деформації на процеси розпухання і повзучості аустенітних сталей, що перебува- ють під впливом нейтронного опромінення і підвищеної температури. Сформульовано основні положення розрахунку напружено-деформованого стану вигородки та внутрішньокорпусної шахти реактора з ураху- ванням умов контактної взаємодії. Розрахунковий аналіз виконано у двовимірній постановці для поперечного перерізу вигородки з максимальною за висотою пошкоджуючою дозою і температурою опромінення за умови узагальненої плоскої деформації. Дані щодо формозміни вигородки одержано на основі розв’язання зв’язаної контактної задачі залежно від накопиченої пошкоджуючої дози опромінення. Визначення температурного поля і напружено-деформованого стану виконано з урахуванням перерозподілу температури через пору- шення проєктних умов протоку теплоносія в зоні контакту вигородки з шахтою. Результати розрахунків одержано з використанням медіанних параметрів температурно-дозової залежності радіаційного розпухання аустенітної сталі 08Х18Н10Т. Встановлено, що урахування радіаційної повзучості сприяє зниженню рівня напружень, проте збільшує рівень розпухання і переміщення, що додає консерватизму до прогнозної оцінки формозміни вигородки порівняно з даними без урахування радіаційної повзучості.
Energía y cambio climático en el Mercosur: desafíos de la articulación de políticas de desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Stuhldreher Amalia Margarita , Morales Olmos Virginia
Published: July 2021

Con una perspectiva de gobernanza regional, este trabajo vincula la evolución de las matrices energéticas de los países del MERCOSUR con el debate sobre las energías renovables y sus impactos en mitigación del cambio climático. Se aborda el caso de Uruguay, contrastándolo con Argentina y Brasil. Partiendo de situaciones divergentes en términos de instituciones y actores involucrados, se analizan puntos de convergencia dada la evolución durante años recientes de los intercambios de energía eléctrica entre Uruguay y sus socios del MERCOSUR. Se focaliza el proceso de inversiones en el sector de energías renovables en Uruguay, la situación actual y las perspectivas a mediano plazo. Dada la complejidad de la Agenda 2015 y la necesidad de fortalecer la gobernanza climática, se esbozan algunas perspectivas de los procesos regionales y nacionales de cara a la transición hacia modelos de desarrollo sostenible más asertivos.
Identidad, principios y valores en el discurso presidencial de Lula da Silva (Brasil, 2003-2007)
Authors: Lucca Juan Bautista
Published: July 2021

Se analizará los discursos del presidente Lula entre los años 2003 y 2006, en diálogo con las cosmovisiones de la CUT y el PT en el período, para distinguir cuáles son las ideas y principios en las cuáles se estructura el ethos identitario de tipo colectivo que comparten entre Lula-Partido-Sindicato. Para ello, se diferenciará entre los valores que son positivamente considerados como parte de un “nosotros axiológico”, versus aquellos que pueden ser pensados de forma negativa como un “otros axiológico”. Pensar los marcos cognitivos compartidos por el presidente en funciones y sus aliados sociales y políticos en una de las pocas potencias emergentes con proyección global y predominio regional en América Latina supone hilvanar la filigrana de las ideas, valores y principios que moldearon el “sueño” del progresismo brasileño en el instante en que - al decir del antropólogo Stefan Sweig- “el país del futuro” se tornó realidad.
Establishing a Variable Context for Lexical Subjects in Spanish
Authors: Limerick Philip P.
Published: July 2021

The dominant trend in variationist studies of Spanish subject expression is to focus on pronominal subjects, excluding lexical subjects (LSs). Due to such lack of attention to LSs in previous research, the current paper aims to fill this gap and to gain a better understanding of variation between LSs and subject pronouns (SPs). While previous research that analyzes LSs makes a significant contribution to the scholarship on subjects and enriches our understanding of the functions of LSs, a variable context for LSs in the variationist tradition has not heretofore been established. The current paper proposes a variable context methodology for LSs by investigating cases where LSs are produced (e.g. mi mamá trabaja ‘my mom works’), particularly in contexts in which SPs (overt or null) could have alternatively been produced (e.g. ella/∅ trabaja ‘she works’). Overall frequencies, constraints, and pragmatic functions of LSs are discussed.
A censura a Prata Palomares (1971) e a construção da versão oficial sobre a luta armada
Authors: Lapera Pedro Vinicius Asterito
Published: July 2021

Este artigo analisa a censura ao filme Prata Palomares (André Faria Jr.), produzido em 1971 e censurado no ano seguinte pela Divisão de Censura e Diversões Públicas (DCDP), tendo sido o filme totalmente interditado até 1976 – ano em que foi liberado para exibição em festivais – e permanecido fora do circuito comercial até 1983, quando foi distribuído pela Embrafilme. A questão que iremos trabalhar é: em que medida a censura ao filme inseriu-se em um conjunto de ações perpetradas pela ditadura civil-militar na construção de uma versão oficial sobre a luta armada? Assumimos como ponto de partida de nosso artigo o processo administrativo depositado no fundo da DCDP, mesmo que a obra fílmica, o material de divulgação do filme e os artigos publicados na imprensa escrita sejam objeto de consideração em alguns aspectos. Como metodologia, empregamos a análise documental a partir da Diplomática.
Intervenções de fisioterapia respiratória utilizadas durante a hospitalização de crianças e adolescentes com asma
Authors: Ruckert Daniele Oppermann , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes , Heinzmann-Filho João Paulo
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: descrever e comparar as intervenções de fisioterapia respiratória utilizadas para asma durante a hospitalização em três grupos etários pediátricos. Além disso, buscou-se investigar os motivos de escolha dessas intervenções.Métodos: a amostra foi composta por fisioterapeutas atuantes em hospitais que reportaram atender crianças e adolescentes com asma. Os profissionais responderam a um questionário online sobre dados pessoais, acadêmicos, profissionais e relativo às intervenções de fisioterapia respiratória utilizadas em lactentes, pré-escolares e escolares/adolescentes. As intervenções foram agrupadas em nove classificações: convencionais, manuais, baseadas em volume, oscilação oral de alta frequência/pressão expiratória positiva (OOAF/PEP), exercícios ventilatórios, ventilação não invasiva, técnica de expiração forçada (TEF), aspiração de vias aéreas superiores (VAS) e outras.Resultados: foram incluídos 93 fisioterapeutas, com idade entre 31 e 40 anos (47,3%) e do sexo feminino (87,1%). As intervenções mais utilizadas nos lactentes foram a aspiração de VAS (78,5%), a aceleração do fluxo expiratório (AFE) (50,5%) e a terapia expiratória manual passiva (TEMP) (45,2%). Nos pré-escolares, predominou a tosse (75,3%), a aspiração de VAS (52,7%), a AFE (51,6%) e a TEMP/expiração lenta e prolongada (ELPr) (50,5%). Já nos escolares/adolescentes, a tosse (83,9%), os exercícios expiratórios variados (73,1%) e a ELPr (57,0%) sobressaíram-se. Houve menor utilização (p<0,01) de OOAF/PEP, de exercícios ventilatórios e de TEF nos lactentes e, também, de métodos convencionais, manuais, aspiração de VAS e outras terapias (p<0,01) nos escolares/adolescentes. Os profissionais relataram utilizar essas intervenções por serem mais eficazes na prática clínica (78,5%).Conclusão: as intervenções manuais e as técnicas de expectoração visando à desobstrução brônquica foram as mais frequentemente utilizadas, tendo relação com a faixa etária e a escolha devido à efetividade na prática clínica.
Sobre as ambivalências do martírio
Authors: Cicek Hüseyin I.
Published: July 2021

Quando uma vida e uma morte estão totalmente incorporadas na doutrina cristã ou muçulmana, e quem deve ter a palavra final sobre uma questão tão importante? No cristianismo e no islamismo, o martírio nunca aparece como algo independente, é sempre colocado em conexão com a bravura, o amor, a coragem e a determinação – e muito mais. O mártir é uma “espécie” específica, um crente por excelência. Que critérios devem ser cumpridos para falar de um mártir no cristianismo e no islamismo? Esta é uma questão que está se tornando cada vez mais importante devido a vários processos de radicalização no mundo. O objetivo deste artigo é mostrar os critérios cristãos e muçulmanos do martírio de uma forma compacta e elaborar o interesse da política no martírio.
Über die Ambivalenzen des Martyriums
Wann ist ein Leben und ein Tod ganz in der christlichen bzw. der muslimischen Lehre eingebettet und wer soll über eine so fundamental wichtige Frage das letzte Wort haben? Im Christentum und im Islam tritt das Martyrium niemals als etwas Eigenständiges auf, es wird immer in Beziehung zu Tapferkeit, Liebe, Mut und Entschlossenheit – und vielem mehr – gesetzt. Der Märtyrer ist eine spezifische Spezies“, ein Gläubiger par excellence. Welche Kriterien müssen erfüllt sein, damit im Christentum und Islam von einem Märtyrer gesprochen werden kann? Eine Frage, die aufgrund verschiedener Radikalisierungsprozesse auf der Welt immer wichtiger wird und die nach einer Antwort verlangt. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, christliche und muslimische Kriterien des Martyriums kompakt aufzuzeigen und das Interesse der Politik herauszuarbeiten.
Schlüsselwörter: Martyrium. Christentum. Islam. Gewalt. Politik.
Development of Political Science in the Republic of Mordovia: 1991–2021
Authors: Dolenko Dmitry V. , Malchenkov Stanislav A.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the analysis of the development of political science in the Republic of Mordovia is associated with the 90th anniversary of the National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, the 30th anniversary of the creation of the Department of Political Science in its structure and the 20th anniversary of political science education in the region. Methods. Historical, comparative retrospective and systems analysis were applied in the work. Results. Over the thirty-year period, political science in the Republic of Mordovia has come a long way in the field of educational and scientific activities. The article identifies three stages of its development: 1) 1991–2000; 2) 2001–2014; 3) since 2015. At present, the university, on the basis of the graduating department of general history, political science and regional studies, is training professional political scientists within the framework of bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate studies. Fundamental and applied political science research is conducted in this department. Research in certain areas of political science is being conducted today in other educational and scientific institutions of the Republic of Mordovia. Discussion and Conclusion. Political science in the Republic of Mordovia from 1991 to 2021 has come a long way and achieved noticeable results in the field of science and education. An original political science school was formed in the region, which is based on the study of territorial aspects of politics. Currently, there is an expansion of thematic areas in accordance with the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation.
Continuity of Traditions in the Context of the History of One Department: Lev Gerasimovich Filatov and Alexander Petrovich Lebedev
Authors: Kistanov Sergey V. , Koshina Olga V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is related to the preservation of the significant role of the individual in the development of education. The head of the department, as one of the key structural divisions of the higher educational institution, has played an important role in the implementation of the scientific and pedagogical tasks of the university and the reproduction of teaching staff. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the research is the socio-cultural perspective of the study of the life activity of educational actors, which involves taking into account the social, cultural, spiritual and moral factors of the formation of the personality of a higher school teacher and studying the impact of this personality on the development of education. The study is historical and biographical in nature, contains elements of the direction of social history. Results. The scientific and pedagogical path of the two heads of the Department of the History of the Motherland (until 1991 – the history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) is also shown in the context of the development of the department as a structural unit of the university, the higher school in the republic. The socio-cultural conditions for the formation of personal and professional qualities of two teachers, scientists, heads of the department, their role in the development of one of the most important structural divisions of the university are revealed. Discussion and Conclusions. Continuity of personnel, preservation of traditions, and transfer of experience are important for all spheres of society, and especially for the sphere of science and education. On the example of the activity of the personalities of the two heads of the department, the implementation of the continuity of managerial, methodological, pedagogical principles of teaching and management of the structural unit of the university is illustrated.
The Center for Economic History of the Central Russia and the Middle Volga Region: History, Development, Traditions and Innovations (to the 20th anniversary of creation)
Authors: Skvortsova Larisa G.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. For its centuries-old history, in the development of various branches of scientific knowledge, Russia has relied on scientific schools – leading centers that determine the prospects for the development of science, its goals, objectives, strategic priorities, designed to unite and strengthen the work of scientists on certain issues. In the late 80s and early 90s of the last century, the researchers of our country addressed the problem of socio-economic development, attempts to identify the causes of their occurrence, to determine the ways out of the current situation, became the impetus for the creation of the Centers for Economic History. The purpose of the article is to study the history of formation, development, determination of the main directions of activity, analysis of the work and functioning of the Center for Economic History of the Central Russia and the Middle Volga Region at Mordovia State University. Materials and Methods. When solving the set research tasks, the materials of the Center for Economic History of Central Russia and the Middle Volga Region, information and analytical bulletins, conference programs, reports, scientific works of the team, reviews, analytical reviews were used. The article uses a micro historical approach, narrative, traditional methods of historical research. Results. The expediency of creating the Center is due to the processes that took place in many vital spheres of Russia, including science and education. The main purpose of the Center was the reproduction and generation of historical, historical and economic knowledge and knowledge of social and humanitarian informatics, as well as their transfer to the system of training bachelors, undergraduates, highly qualified personnel and the modern humanitarian space. Discussion and Conclusion. At the present stage, the economic history of the Republic of Mordovia is known to the wide scientific community largely due to the activities of the Center, which is represented in the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the problems of Russian and world economic history. Over the years, the scientists of the Center have accumulated significant experience in studying economic history, organizing and conducting scientific events, publishing, expanding the boundaries of scientific research, acquiring scientific connections and contacts. All this allows the staff of the Center to continue further research aimed at the formation of the humanitarian space and socio-cultural environment of modern society.
Behind the Five-Year Plan: the Timber Processing Complex of the USSR in Annual Plans for 1935–1937
Authors: Zykin Ivan V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. The timber processing complex became an important component of the project of “socialist industrialization” of the late 1920s – early 1940s in the Soviet Union. The first five-year plan was not implemented by the industry, despite a significant increase in indicators compared to the period of the “new economic policy”. The development of the forest industry in the second five-year plan should have become more balanced and not lose dynamism. During this period, the economic structure of the industry was relatively homogeneous. An analysis of the indicators of annual national economic plans in the context of the second five-year plan becomes relevant. Historiography of the period of “socialist industrialization” and, in particular, 1933–1937 consists mainly of studies of foreign and domestic scientists on the Soviet economy and works on the history of the forest industry of certain regions. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the concept of modernization. Based on the information of the second five-year plan and annual plans, series of data on the development of the timber processing complex of the Soviet Union were formed. Results. At the beginning of the second five-year plan, the industry experienced stagnation of production and financial indicators, failure to fulfill annual plans. Then, as capital investments increased, the construction of enterprises was completed, capacities were developed, new forms of socialist competition developed, the timber processing complex demonstrated a significant improvement in the results of activities. Labor productivity increased at a relatively high rate in the fields of machining and deep processing of wood, but slowly grew in the field of timber harvesting. Unsatisfactory tasks were performed to reduce the cost of production. Conclusions. The main volumes of work in the timber processing complex were carried out by the Narkomles (People’s Committee of Forest Industry) of the USSR. In 1935–1936 it became possible to approach the target values of the second five-year plan, which, however, was not fully implemented due to the beginning of mass repressions and the transfer of part of the enterprises to forced labor camps. Summing up the planned and actual results of the timber processing complex for 1933–1937 showed that the industry fulfilled the five-year plan by 80–90 %, and in some areas surpassed it.
Lighting of Socio-Economic Issues in the Activities of City Government in the Pages of Pre-Revolutionary Regional Periodicals (for example, “The Kursk Provincial Gazette”)
Authors: Kravtsova Elena S.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. City self-government bodies created in the second half of the XIX century. They occupied an important place in the life of society, as they solved the everyday problems of urban residents: paving roads, lighting, landscaping, etc. The effectiveness of the activity depended on a well-thought-out financial and personnel policy of the City Duma. The decisions of the Duma were covered in the pages of the provincial press (both official and private publications). It should be noted that in the regional press, a large place was given to news from the city authorities for two reasons: this was attributed to the regulation on publications and the interest of residents in news of this kind. The purpose of the work is to analyze information about the activities of the City Duma of the Kursk province in 1880. Materials and Methods. The solution of the set research tasks was provided by a complex of interrelated theoretical (analysis of scientific literature, comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization) and empirical (study and generalization of sources, hermeneutical) methods. The results of the study. During the year under study, each issue of the newspaper published reports on the issues under consideration and decisions taken by the county city councils. The issues that were put up for discussion were important for the citizens: from the adoption of the budget to personnel changes taking into account local characteristics. Discussion and Conclusion. For example, a typical provincial edition “provincial sheets Kursk” shows the activities of fifteen County-level City councils, the issues raised for discussion, specificity of problem-solving, depending on the level of socio-economic development of the district. The analyzed material allows us to conclude that the City Councils were quite effective self-government bodies, the main problem of which was the budget deficit.
How do Reused Glide Path Files Affect the Cyclic Fatigue Resistance?
Authors: Arıcan Burçin , Atav Ateş Ayfer
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of PathFile (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ScoutRace (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) glide path files which were either new or previously used. Forty PathFile (PF) 19/.02 and 40 ScoutRace (SR) 20/.02 instruments were used for this study. Half of the files in each group were used (PF-U and SR-U) in the 3D demo tooth models (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) for creating glide paths, while the other half was new (PF-N and SR-N) and directly subjected to the cyclic fatigue test. The new and used files (n=80) were rotated in the cyclic fatigue test device with an artificial stainless-steel canal (60° curvature, 5 mm radius 1.5 mm width and 3.0 mm depth) under the continuous irrigation with distilled water at 37°C until fracture occurred. Time to fracture was recorded and the Weibull reliability analysis was performed. Data were statistically analysed. Conformity to normal distribution was examined using the Shapiro-Wilk test. A paired two-sample t-test was used to compare the TTF values according to the time within the groups. The new instruments (PF-N and SR-N) showed better CFR than the used groups (PF-U and SR-U) (P<0.05). The TTF values of PF were statistically higher than SR in both new and used groups (P<0.05). The predicted time for %99 survival for the files was PF-N> SR-N>PF-U >SR-U. Reuse of both glide path instruments reduced the time to fracture and the cyclic fatigue resistance of the files.