bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
S. Groenveld, Constantijn Huygens op dienstreis; Rudolf Dekker, Constantijn Huygens jr. en de uitvinding van het moderne dagboek; Rudolf Dekker, Family, Culture and Society in the Diary of Constantijn Huygens Jr.
Authors: Haks Donald
Published: September 2015

S. Groenveld, Constantijn Huygens op dienstreis. Zijn verslag van een tocht naar Eindhoven en Spa, Luxemburg en Meurs, 1654; Rudolf Dekker, Observaties van een zeventiende-eeuwse wereldbeschouwer. Constantijn Huygens jr. en de uitvinding van het moderne dagboek; Rudolf Dekker, Family, Culture and Society in the Diary of Constantijn Huygens Jr, Secretary to Stadholder-King William of Orange
Donald Haks, Vaderland & vrede, 1672-1713; David Onnekink en Renger de Bruin, De Vrede van Utrecht (1713); Erik Tigelaar en Roland Fagel (eds.), Amoureuze en pikante geschiedenis van het congres en de stad Utrecht
Authors: Linden David van der
Published: September 2015

Donald Haks, Vaderland & vrede, 1672–1713. Publiciteit over de Nederlandse Republiek in oorlog (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013, 352 pp., ISBN 978 90 8704 337 7); David Onnekink en Renger de Bruin, De Vrede van Utrecht (1713) (Zeven Provinciën Reeks 32, Hilversum: Verloren, 2013, 120 pp., ISBN 978 90 8704 312 4); Erik Tigelaar en Roland Fagel (eds.), Amoureuze en pikante geschiedenis van het congres en de stad Utrecht. Augustinus Freschots verhaal achter de Vrede van Utrecht (Hilversum: Verloren, 2013, 176 pp., ISBN 979 90 8704 361 2).
The Devotio Moderna, the Emotions and the Search for ‘Dutchness’
Authors: Van Dijk Mathilde
Published: September 2015

From the nineteenth century the adherents of the Devotio Moderna were regarded as the archetypical Dutch, mainly because of the measured way in which they handled their emotions. This article challenges this notion by a careful study of the Devotio Moderna as an emotional community, in which different emotional styles were developed. It examines perceptions and performances of emotions in Devotio Moderna biographies, focusing on the seminal emotions of fear and love. Biographies provide insight into the emotional styles of different groups in Devotio Moderna, men in contrast to women, sisters and brothers of the Common Life as opposed to regular canons and canonesses.This article is part of the special issue 'Batavian Phlegm?'. De Moderne Devotie, de emoties en de zoektocht naar een Nederlandse identiteitDit artikel zet een kritische noot bij de toe-eigening van de moderne devoten als de eerste echte Nederlanders, zoals die vanaf de negentiende eeuw gebruikelijk is. Van oudsher speelde de emotionele stijl van de devoten hierbij een grote rol: Nederlandse onderzoekers herkenden die als typisch Nederlands. Dit artikel bestudeert de Moderne Devotie als emotional community. Het richt zich op devote percepties en performances van emoties in hun laatmiddeleeuwse context, in het bijzonder met betrekking tot angst en liefde, omdat hieruit de andere emoties voortkwamen. In het artikel worden biografieën uit de Moderne Devotie onderzocht: enerzijds van mannen en vrouwen, anderzijds van zusters en  broeders van het gemene leven en reguliere kanunniken en kanunnikessen. Hierdoor is het mogelijk verschillen in en ontwikkelingen van emotionele stijl in kaart te brengen, zoals die zich in de Moderne Devotie voordeden. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Batavian Phlegm?'.
Compassion and the Creation of an Affective Community in the Theatre: Vondel’s Mary Stuart, or Martyred Majesty (1646)
Authors: Steenbergh Kristine
Published: September 2015

Joost van den Vondel’s tragedy Mary Stuart, or Martyred Majesty (1646), written after the playwright’s conversion to Catholicism, has been read as a provocative glorification of a Catholic martyr. Kristine Steenbergh argues that the play’s emotional poetics aim at the creation of an affective community of Protestants and Catholics in the theatre. Through the contagious bodily experience of fear and compassion with the Queen of Scots, Vondel intended to school the audience’s emotions and foster religious tolerance in the context of the peace negotiations that would eventually lead to the end of the Eighty Years’ War. This article is part of the special issue 'Batavian Phlegm?'. Compassie en de vorming van een affectieve gemeenschap in het theater. Vondels Maria Stuart of gemartelde majesteit (1646)Vondels tragedie Maria Stuart of gemartelde majesteit (1646) wordt vaak gelezen als een provocatieve verheerlijking van een katholieke martelares. Kristine Steenbergh laat zien dat de emotionele poëtica van het stuk erop gericht was om binnen de schouwburg een affectieve gemeenschap van protestanten en katholieken te vormen. Door de lichamelijke werking van  angst en compassie wilde Vondel de emoties van het publiek trainen om op die manier religieuze tolerantie te bevorderen in de context van de vredesbesprekingen die uiteindelijk zouden leiden tot het einde van de Tachtigjarige Oorlog. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Batavian Phlegm?'.
Fashioning the Emotional Self: The Dutch Statesman Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (1761-1825) and the Cult of Sensibility
Authors: Hagen Edwina
Published: September 2015

This article proposes a combined perspective of Greenblatt’s famous concept of ‘self-fashioning’ and Reddy’s well-known theory of ‘emotives’ as a possible new approach to the study of Dutch political culture, and more specifically to political figures. Exploring emotions as an aspect of public self-fashioning, it focuses on the Dutch statesman Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck as an early modern example. Schimmelpenninck, like his fellow revolutionaries, radicals and moderates, was familiar with the vocabulary of the French political version of sensibility (Reddy’s sentimentalism) with its strong emphasis on sincerity. However, in contrast to France, emotions in Dutch revolutionary politics remained of crucial importance thanks to the emergence of an alternative calm style developed by the moderates, most fully embodied by Schimmelpenninck. Helped in part by his republican friends, he promoted himself by stressing his ‘meekness’ as the virtue of his political leadership, but it was precisely this aspect of his public persona that his Dutch political enemies equated with ‘weakness’. This article is part of the special issue 'Batavian Phlegm?'.Emotionele ‘self-fashioning’. De Nederlandse staatsman Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (1761-1825) en de cultus van het gevoelDit artikel beoogt een nieuwe impuls te geven aan het historisch onderzoek naar de Nederlandse politieke cultuur door aandacht te vragen voor de historiografische verrijking die mogelijk besloten ligt in een verbinding van Greenblatt’s beroemde concept self-fashioning en Reddy’s bekende theorie van de emotives. Als eerste verkenning van de mogelijkheden van deze gecombineerde benadering wordt een analyse gemaakt van de manier waarop de Nederlandse staatsman Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck emoties inzette voor de cultivering van zijn politieke imago. Schimmelpenninck was net als zijn mede-revolutionairen goed op de hoogte van de Frans-revolutionaire cultus van het gevoel (door Reddy sentimentalisme genoemd) maar ontwikkelde als Nederlandse moderate republikein een eigen, kalme en gematigde stijl. Geholpen door zijn politieke vrienden promootte hij zichzelf als een politiek leider met een uitgesproken zachtaardige natuur. Zijn binnenlandse opponenten grepen juist deze (voorgewende) eigenschap aan als het bewijs van zijn beginselloze zwakte. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het themanummer 'Batavian Phlegm?'.
J.P. Sigmond, Zeemacht in Holland en Zeeland in de zestiende eeuw
Authors: Alphen Marc van
Published: September 2015

J.P. Sigmond, Zeemacht in Holland en Zeeland in de zestiende eeuw (Hilversum: Uitgeverij Verloren, 2013, 431 pp., ISBN 978 90 8704 349 0).
Antisemitisme onder Nederlandse socialisten in het fin de siècle
Authors: Stutje Jan Willem
Published: September 2015

Anti-Semitism in the Dutch labour movement has not been studied sufficiently. This is certainly true with regard to Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis and the early socialist movement in the nineteenth century. However, we have to take anti-Jewish propaganda into account in order to understand why the Jewish proletariat joined the socialist ranks at such a late stage, only after the reformist wing split from Domela’s Social Democratic League (sdb) into the Social Democratic Labour Party (sdap) in 1894.This article aims to address this lacuna, and demonstrates that Domela had been using Anti-Semitic stereotyping against the parliamentaryorientated reformists, because his main rival P.J. Troelstra was dependent on a modest group of Jewish diamond labourers in Amsterdam. Once the conflict was over Anti-Semitism faded into the background again.Het antisemitisme binnen de Nederlandse arbeidersbeweging is onvoldoende onderzocht. Dit geldt a fortiori voor de vroege socialistische beweging en haar voorganger Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis. Dat is een tekortkoming want alleen door hun antisemitisme op waarde te schatten is te begrijpen waarom het joodse proletariaat de Sociaal Democratische Bond (sdb) uit de weg ging en pas na 1894 in de sdap voor het socialisme werd gewonnen. Dit artikel probeert in deze lacune te voorzien. De auteur komt tot de conclusie dat Domela in zijn conflict met P.J. Troelstra antisemitische beeldvorming inzette als politiek wapen. De Friese advocaat telde een bescheiden aanhang onder de joodse diamantbewerkers en Domela trachtte met anti-joodse stereotypen diens positie te ondermijnen. Toen het conflict met de afscheiding van de sdap in 1894 eindigde, verschoof het antisemitisme – een incidentele oprisping daargelaten – weer naar de achtergrond.
Veel vertier, weinig politiek
Authors: Wolffram Dirk Jan
Published: September 2015

In his rich book Plaatsen van beschaafd vertier (Places of civilised pleasure) Jan Hein Furnée displays in a creative and exemplary manner the culture of the elite in The Hague in the nineteenth century. With his book he set a new standard for local cultural-historical research. However the book offers little additional value as a comparative approach is missing. Moreover, by choosing elite and bourgeois sociability as a point of departure, the book offers no new insights into the changes in nineteenth-century political culture. This review is part of the discussion forum 'Plaatsen van beschaafd vertier' (Jan Hein Furnée).In zijn rijke studie Plaatsen van beschaafd vertier legt Jan Hein Furnée op voorbeeldige en inventieve wijze de elitecultuur van het negentiende-eeuwse Den Haag bloot. Hiermee zet hij een nieuwe standaard voor lokaal cultuurhistorisch onderzoek. De verdere meerwaarde van het boek is echter gering door het ontbreken van een vergelijkend perspectief. Ook leidt de gekozen invalshoek van de elitaire en burgerlijke sociabiliteit niet tot nieuwe inzichten in de veranderingen in de politieke cultuur van de negentiende eeuw. Deze recensie maakt deel uit van het discussiedossier 'Plaatsen van beschaafd vertier' (Jan Hein Furnée).
Belgian’s Political Reconstruction after World War II: An Exemplary Case for the Normalisation of the Post-War Western-European State?
Authors: Beyens Nele
Published: September 2015

The Sorrows of Belgium provides a very rich and beautifully written account of Belgium’s transition from a war-torn society at the beginning of 1944 to a stable, independent democracy by the end of 1947. However, in stressing the level of restoration of the Belgian state and society after the war, Martin Conway often approaches the period of reconstruction somewhat teleologically, and this perspective does little to further a better understanding of the mechanisms at play during periods of regime change such as the period studied. This is a bit of a missed opportunity, as is made clear by comparing The Sorrows of Belgium with the process of reconstruction in France and the Netherlands. This review is part of the discussion forum 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway). Politieke reconstructie van België na de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Een voorbeeld voor de normalisatie van de naoorlogse Westeuropese staat?In The Sorrows of Belgium – een bijzonder mooi geschreven boek – onderzoekt Martin Conway het politieke en maatschappelijke herstelproces in België in de eerste jaren na de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Hij betoogt daarbij dat voor verandering nauwelijks ruimte was en dat de vooroorlogse samenleving nagenoeg geheel terugkeerde. De opzet van het werk is echter nogal teleologisch van aard, waardoor – belangrijke – delen van het verloop van het herstelproces zelf buiten beeld blijven. Dit is jammer omdat een korte vergelijking met de politieke reconstructie in Frankrijk en Nederland na de Tweede Wereldoorlog al gauw duidelijk maakt dat dit onderzoek een grote bijdrage zou kunnen leveren aan de studie van regimewisselingen in meer algemene zin. Deze recensie maakt deel uit van het discussiedossier 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway).
Response
Authors: Conway Martin
Published: September 2015

This brief response discusses the principal themes raised by the three commentaries. In particular, it re-assesses my interpretation in The Sorrows of Belgium (2012) of the political normalisation of Belgium which occurred after the Second World War, the nature of the Belgian national and political community in the aftermath of the German occupation, and the way in which the events of the war years may have contributed to the democratic reconstruction of the Belgian nation-state. This response is part of the discussion forum 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway).RepliekIn deze korte reactie gaat Martin Conway in op de belangrijkste thema’s die in de drie commentaren aan de orde zijn gesteld. Het artikel besteedt in het bijzonder aandacht aan zijn interpretatie van de terugkeer naar politieke normaliteit na de Duitse bezetting in België, en de manier waarop de oorlog mogelijk een bijdrage heeft geleverd aan de democratische reconstructie van de Belgische natiestaat, zoals dit in zijn boek The Sorrows of Belgium (2012) aan de orde komt. Deze repliek maakt deel uit van het discussiedossier 'The Sorrows of Belgium' (Martin Conway).
Early Modern Consumption History: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives
Authors: Ryckbosch Wouter
Published: September 2015

Stimulated by wide-ranging theories on its cultural and economic significance, the history of early modern consumption in the Low Countries has received a remarkable amount of attention in historiography during the last three decades. During this period the growing body of empirical evidence, as well as shifting theoretical frameworks, have gradually altered our understanding of early modern patterns of consumption, their causes and consequences. The current article presents a review of the main tendencies in the field of early modern consumption history, and the challenges to this historiographical field these have presented. Based on these challenges, the article suggests new avenues for future research. Vroegmoderne consumptiegeschiedenis. Hedendaagse uitdagingen entoekomstperspectievenGestimuleerd door verstrekkende nieuwe theorieën over haar cultureleen economische betekenis, heeft de historiografie met betrekking totvroegmoderne consumptie in de Nederlanden op opmerkelijk veel aandacht mogen rekenen tijdens de voorbije drie decennia. Daarbij hebben zowel een groeiende beschikbaarheid van empirisch bronnenmateriaal, als verschuivende theoretische perspectieven,  geleidelijk aan ons begrip van vroegmoderne consumptiepatronen, en hun oorzaken en gevolgen grondig veranderd. Het huidige artikel biedt een overzicht van de belangrijkste tendensen in het domein van de vroegmoderne consumptiegeschiedenis, gevolgd door nieuwe uitdagingen en toekomstperspectieven.
‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ Geschiedenis op de Nederlandse televisie
Authors: Knevel Paul , Turpijn Jouke
Published: September 2015

In ‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ reiken Paul Knevel en Jouke Turpijn handvatten aan om geschiedenis op televisie in een breed histori(ografi)sch perspectief te duiden. Vertrekkend vanaf de eerste producties bespreken zij het wonderbaarlijke succes van geschiedenisseries in de eenentwintigste eeuw. Zij staan stil bij de moeizame relatie in Nederland tussen academische geschiedenis en geschiedenis op televisie en vergelijken dit met andere landen. Daarna analyseren zij de serie De Gouden Eeuw, die enerzijds het beste in het genre naar boven heeft gehaald in termen van kijkcijfers, de multimediale aanpak en het evoceren van een ver voorbij verleden. Anderzijds roepen deze en eerdere series de vraag op of er niet iets te winnen valt met andere presentatievormen, waarbij een alwetende presentator misschien wel meer kennis- en visie-overdracht oplevert dan de in Nederland gebruikelijkere presentator die alles wil weten. Dit artikel maakt deel uit van het forum 'Historische televisieproducties'.It was Different Then!: History on Dutch TelevisionIn ‘Dat is wel eens anders geweest!’ [It was different then!] Paul Knevel and Jouke Turpijn attempt to provide tools for historians to analyse history on the television in a broad historiographical perspective. They cover the first history productions in the Netherlands and the remarkable success of major series in the twentyfirst century. The difficult relation between academic and public history on the television in the Netherlands is placed in an international context. De Gouden Eeuw [The Golden Age] serves as a case study to investigate history series. While De Gouden Eeuw was a big success, it also demonstrates certain limits to Dutch history productions. This article is part of the forum 'History on Dutch Television'.
A emergência da gramática do português brasileiro em Goiás
Authors: Reigota Naves Rozana , Borges Humberto
Published: September 2015

RESUMO:

A partir da conjectura teórica de dois campos consagrados das Ciências da Linguagem, a saber, a Linguística Histórica e a Teoria Gerativa, o presente artigo busca fornecer uma nova perspectiva para se olhar a história do português brasileiro, mais especificamente a história de sua variedade que emergiu em Goiás nos séculos XIX e XIX. Para alcançar esse objetivo, analisam-se evidências da mudança na expressão paramétrica do sujeito no português brasileiro encontradas em um manuscrito goiano do século XIX e se delineiam os aspectos linguísticos e históricos que circunscrevem a emergência da gramática do português brasileiro em Goiás, de modo a postular uma hipótese para a mudança na expressão sintática do sujeito nessa região.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Português Brasileiro. Parâmetro do sujeito nulo parcial. Goiás.
PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL E PERSONIFICAÇÃO DOS ANIMAIS
Authors: Fiuza César , Resende Azevedo Gontijo Bruno
Published: September 2015

Este trabalho busca fazer uma análise da questão da proteção aos animais, bem como de algumas teorias que explicam esta proteção. Afinal, é necessário atribuir-se personalidade aos animais para fins de proteção? Que animais devem ser protegidos? O paradigma pode ser outro que não o antropocêntrico? É possível aplicar-se a teoria da não maleficência na escolha dos animais a proteger? A partir da revisão de alguns conceitos basilares do Direito Civil, tais como sujeito de direito, capacidade de direito, personalidade e direito subjetivo, buscamos nos posicionar frente a este tema. Teorias, como a dos sujeitos de direito sem personalidade, bem como ideias de personificação dos animais foram abrangidas por este estudo. Ao final, nos posicionamos frente às questões levantadas, fundamentando o porquê de nos filiarmos a uma e não a outra corrente.
Drilling-and-Completions-Applications Portfolio Management—Changes and Trends
Authors: Sawaryn S. J. , Crawford S.. , Whiteley N.. , Donohoe L.. , Reed D.. , ElWaraky R..
Published: September 2015

A drilling-and-completions-applications portfolio and its associated support services require constant attention if the portfolio is to remain up-to-date in both engineering and information technology (IT) terms and continue to serve the needs of the drilling-and-completions engineering community. Over time, this management effort has become more involved and complex as the number of available applications has increased and the technologies have changed. The trend toward tighter integration and data sharing between drilling-and-completions applications and with other disciplines applications such as subsurface, places data management at the heart of the response. For large organizations, in particular, keeping up with the new releases and patches can be a challenge, and the need for backwards compatibility is paramount. Data issues and the poor connectivity associated with physical remoteness and some nonrig-based units also can impede the change out to other systems. Special attention is required for applications that are designated safety-critical or safety-related.

This paper describes the way in which a major operator has defined and managed its drilling-and-completion portfolio during the last 20 years, to address the internal and industry changes and trends. The portfolio now serves the needs of more than 2,000 drilling-and-completions engineers worldwide. A wide range of examples, including the operator's WellAdvisor system, engineering toolkit, and wells/subsurface integration project, is presented, together with an evaluation of the portfolio-management challenges and successes that were achieved.

It is concluded that integration requires the consistent application of strong data-management principles and a commitment to an underlying architecture to support simplification, reducing the number and complexity of the interfaces that one must manage. However, some flexibility is needed to promote the development of, and access to, new applications, and the concept of niche applications was introduced to address technical specialist's needs. Some applications that are either company-specific or are needed only in special circumstances do not lend themselves to being commercial products, and these tools are provided by custom-built, Web-based applications. The recent focus on real-time data, quality of service, and digital security is merely the latest change that has had to be accommodated.

Despite the apparent rate at which technical and commercial changes are occurring, this paper's content illustrates the need to consider the portfolio-management issues over long cycle times. This paper will be of interest to both business and IT managers and engineers tasked with managing drilling, completions, and subsurface applications portfolios.
Innovative Conical Diamond Element Bits Drill Back-to-Back Tight Curves in One Run, Improving Economics While Reducing Risk in Avalon Shale Play, New Mexico
Authors: Hempton Ryan , Copeland Chance , Cox Greg , Faught Jason , Blackman Wesley , Prewitt Eric , McDonough Scott , White Allen
Published: September 2015

An operator challenged drillbit providers to deliver fixed cutter bits that could drill high-dogleg curves and improve ROP in the Avalon shale play in Lea County, New Mexico. The heavily interbedded lithology is unpredictable and contains thick sections of limestone in some areas. The challenging transitional nature of the formations has caused major difficulties in achieving the planned 12°/100-ft build rate with conventional PDC bits and has resulted in slow ROP and potential reliability issues with roller cone hybrid bits. The operator wanted to maximize ROP and increase build rates to kick off the curve deeper in the lithology column to land the borehole in the precise location and to increase reservoir exposure in the lateral.

The service provider proposed using an 8¾-in conical diamond element (CDE) bit to achieve the high doglegs at a fast ROP, using a holistic design and simulation software to optimize the placement of the CDEs across the bit face based on the application and directional drilling objectives. The CDE's unique conical shape enables it to drill with significantly less torque compared with conventional PDC cutters. This reduces reactive torque fluctuations with the CDE bit when drilling directionally, enabling higher build rates with better toolface control to stay on target with fewer adjustments by the directional driller and to complete the curve in less time.

The new CDE bit would be part of an integrated drilling system designed to produce a tight curve and position the wellbore to increase reservoir contact. The bit would be coupled with a positive displacement motor with a high-performance power section purposely designed for directional drilling.

The first CDE bit drilled the curve in one run with an overall ROP of 30.2 ft/h, 39% faster than the average roller cone hybrid offsets (26 runs). This was the first time a fixed-cutter bit has completed the curve in New Mexico's Avalon play in one run on a conventional assembly with this operator. The curve was completed in only 944 ft, with a build rate of 12°/100 ft, achieving the tight geometry required by the operator to land early in the reservoir. Since the CDE bit has no moving parts like previous roller cone-hybrid benchmark bits, any risks associated with costly fishing trips due to lost cones were eliminated. Based on the success of the initial run, the operator elected to run another CDE bit on the next well. This bit matched the performance of the first CDE bit, drilling the curve in one run with an overall ROP of 30.1 ft/h, completing the curve in 947 ft. The runs confirmed that the CDE bit can consistently deliver the required build rate at above average ROP with fewer reliability concerns compared with the roller cone-hybrids used in offset wells.
Assessing climate change impact on root-zone water balance and groundwater levels
Authors: Kaur Samanpreet , Jalota S. K. , Singh K. G. , Lubana Prit Pal Singh , Aggarwal Rajan
Published: September 2015

The present study employs regional climate model projections for assessing the impact of root-zone water balance and groundwater levels using crop and groundwater models. The projections from Hadley Regional Model 3 (HRM3) for A1B scenario showed an increase in temperature and rainfall (RF) of 1.8 °C and 328 mm, respectively, during mid-century (MC) (2021–2050) for Indian central Punjab. The respective increase in values for the end of century (2071–2098) would be 4.4 °C and 486 mm, compared with present time slice (PTS) (2000–2010). In future, irrigation requirement would reduce, because of increased RF and decreased transpiration from cropped area owing to a shortening of crop duration of rice-wheat cropping system with temperature. The reduced irrigation need in future would decrease groundwater withdrawal resulting in the rise of groundwater level.
Neuroprotective effect of pretreatment with Mentha longifolia L. extract on brain ischemia in the rat stroke model
Authors: Fathi Farhad , Oryan Shahrbanoo , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Eidi Akram
Published: September 2015

Recent studies have suggested that Mentha longifolia L. extracts (ME) have
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. In this paper, we attempted to
determine the effect of ME in a rat stroke model. Five groups of
experimental animals were used (n=14); the first and second groups (control
and sham, respectively) received intraperitoneal injections of
daily-distilled water; the other three groups received 50, 100, and 200
mg/kg/day of ME for 21 days. Two hours after the last dose, each group was
subdivided into a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group operated for
neuropathological assessment (neurologic deficit scores, infarct volume,
brain edema, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability), and an intact
subgroup for the assessment of brain and serum antioxidant capacity and
lipid peroxidation, respectively. Pretreatment with ME resulted in a
significant reduction in total infarct volume, brain water content and Evans
Blue extravasation in the ischemic hemisphere compared with the control. ME
in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day increased brain antioxidant capability in
comparison with the control. The antioxidant capacity of the serum in the
100 mg/kg/day group was significantly higher than that of the control group.
The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain was significantly elevated
in the control group in comparison with other pretreated groups. Moreover,
ME in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day reduced the MDA level in the serum.
This study showed that intraperitoneal injection of ME reduced infarct
volume, brain edema, blood-brain barrier permeability, as well as lipid
peroxidation, and improved antioxidant power.
Prevalence and underlying causes of histologic abnormalities in cats suspected to have chronic small bowel disease: 300 cases (2008–2013)
Authors: Norsworthy Gary D. , Estep J. Scot , Hollinger Charlotte , Steiner Jörg M. , Lavallee Jennifer Olson , Gassler Loren N. , Restine Lisa M. , Kiupel Matti
Published: September 2015

Objective—To determine prevalence of histologic abnormalities in cats suspected, on the basis of compatible clinical signs and ultrasonographic findings, to have chronic small bowel disease; identify the most common underlying causes in affected cats; and compare methods for differentiating among the various causes of chronic small bowel disease.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—300 client-owned domestic cats suspected to have chronic small bowel disease.

Procedures—Medical records were reviewed to identify cats evaluated because of chronic vomiting, chronic small bowel diarrhea, or weight loss that also had ultrasonographic evidence of thickening of the small intestine. Cats were included in the study if full-thickness biopsy specimens had been obtained from ≥ 3 locations of the small intestine by means of laparotomy and biopsy specimens had been examined by means of histologic evaluation and, when necessary to obtain a diagnosis, immunohistochemical analysis and a PCR assay for antigen receptor rearrangement.

Results—Chronic small bowel disease was diagnosed in 288 of the 300 (96%) cats. The most common diagnoses were chronic enteritis (n = 150) and intestinal lymphoma (124).

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that a high percentage of cats with clinical signs of chronic small bowel disease and ultrasonographic evidence of thickening of the small intestine had histologic abnormalities. Furthermore, full-thickness biopsy specimens were useful in differentiating between intestinal lymphoma and chronic enteritis, but such differentiation was not possible with ultrasonography or clinicopathologic testing alone.
Transfusion practices for treatment of dogs undergoing splenectomy for splenic masses: 542 cases (2001–2012)
Authors: Lynch Alex M. , O'Toole Therese E. , Hamilton Jessie
Published: September 2015

Objective—To describe transfusion practices for treatment of dogs undergoing splenectomy for splenic masses.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—542 client-owned dogs.

Procedures—Medical records of dogs that underwent splenectomy for splenic masses at 2 referral institutions were reviewed. Variables of interest were compared between dogs that did and did not undergo transfusion. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess associations of transfusion with death during hospitalization and with 30- and 180-day survival rates.

Results—Transfusions were administered to 240 of 542 (44%) dogs; packed RBCs were the most frequently administered blood product. On admission, dogs that subsequently received transfusions had higher mean illness severity score, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood lactate concentration, and prothrombin time, with lower mean PCV, platelet count, serum total solids and albumin concentrations, and base deficit than dogs that did not receive transfusions. Hemoperitoneum and malignancy, especially hemangiosarcoma, were more common in the transfusion group. Overall, 500 of 542 (92%) dogs survived to discharge. Dogs that received transfusions had higher odds of death or euthanasia while hospitalized and lower odds of surviving to 30 or 180 days after hospital discharge than dogs that did not.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Evidence of shock, anemia, and hypocoagulability were apparent triggers for the decision to perform blood transfusion in dogs undergoing splenectomy for splenic masses and were likely attributable to hemoperitoneum and related hypovolemia. Dogs undergoing transfusion more commonly had malignant disease and had greater odds of poor long-term outcome, compared with dogs that did not undergo transfusion.
The Portability of New Immigrants’ Human Capital: Language, Education, and Occupational Skills
Authors: Warman Casey , Sweetman Arthur , Goldmann Gustave
Published: September 2015

Given the declining returns to pre-migration labour market experience, human capital portability is explored for new immigrants focusing on pre- and post-immigration occupational matching, and its interactions with education and language. New immigrants who match occupations obtain an earnings premium, but surprisingly, on average, even they obtain no return to their pre-migration labour market experience. Only males with substantial English proficiency who also match occupations receive any return to such experience. Moreover, occupational matching and English skills are also seen to interact with education in an unexpected way. For both sexes, only those with a match and/or strong English proficiency obtain a positive return to their schooling. The commonly observed low rate of return to education for new immigrants appears to be a combination of zero for some and a large return for others. Of the varieties of human capital studied, only English language skills are universally rewarded.
Immigrant Professionals and Alternative Routes to Licensing: Policy Implications for Regulators and Government
Authors: Augustine Hon. Jean
Published: September 2015

In 2006, Ontario made history by passing legislation to address licensing barriers experienced by internationally educated professionals. While registration requirements have been slow to change, regulators demonstrate increasing openness to alternative ways that individuals can develop or demonstrate professional competencies. This paper reviews acceptable alternatives for meeting academic requirements in 38 Ontario professions and compares local experience requirements and alternatives for three professions in Canada and Australia. Acceptable alternatives improve flexibility and remove artificial barriers by focusing on competency. However, ongoing investment is needed from regulators and government to ensure that alternative routes to licensing are accessible, affordable, and sustainable.
Do Immigrants Gain or Lose by Occupational Licensing?
Authors: Gomez Rafael , Gunderson Morley , Huang Xiaoyu , Zhang Tingting
Published: September 2015

This paper studies the effects of occupational licensing in Canada on the earnings of immigrants and non-immigrants. The econometric model is estimated for immigrants and non-immigrants as well as between joiners and leavers from occupationally licensed jobs using a large panel data set. The results suggest that occupational licensing raises wages more for immigrant workers than for non-immigrants with similar observed characteristics. However, the probability of being in an occupationally licensed job is lower for immigrants as compared to non-immigrants. The implications of these findings for whether immigrants gain or lose from occupational licensing are discussed.
Challenging Reconciliation: Indeterminacy, Disagreement, and Canada's Indian Residential Schools' Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Authors: Weiss Joseph J.Z.
Published: September 2015

This article investigates some of the kinds of social work that the twinned concepts of “truth” and “reconciliation” are currently performing in Canada. Though they are intimately associated with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRCC) and Indian residential schools, it is submitted that it is important to investigate the multiple ways in which truth and reconciliation as concepts are deployed by TRCC supporters, analysts, and critics alike. I argue that there is in fact no clear consensus in what truth and reconciliation should mean for residential school survivors or for Aboriginal peoples more generally in the context of a contemporary Canada with uneasy ties to its own colonial history. Through a detailed examination of the Canadian TRCC, I demonstrate that the commission's framing of “truth” and “reconciliation” rests on a fundamental indeterminacy. It is suggested further that this indeterminacy can be seen as both problematic and productive, facilitating perspectives that undergird state legitimization and powerful critiques of that same state and its relation to Indigenous peoples. To demonstrate this ambivalent potential, the article offers a reading of selected articles from the Aboriginal Healing Foundation's report From Truth to Reconciliation: Transforming the Legacy of Residential Schools. These selections, I argue, draw on the language of “truth” and “reconciliation” made available by the very ambiguity of the TRCC's own objectives and mandate in order to advance arguments and objectives that not only offer alternative visions of what “truth and reconciliation” should mean for Canada but also do so in ways that challenge state legitimacy and authority and make powerful claims in support of Aboriginal sovereign rights in Canada.
Public Policy, Rights, and Abortion Access in Canada
Authors: Johnstone Rachael , Macfarlane Emmett
Published: September 2015

The Supreme Court of Canada's 1988 decision to invalidate federal criminal law restrictions on abortion is often portrayed as paving the way for unregulated “abortion on demand” in Canada. This depiction belies the patchwork of regulatory barriers to access in place at the provincial level and obscures a host of litigation for improved funding and access across the country. This article explores the policy and legal landscape surrounding abortion access since 1988. Our findings suggest that provincial policies and lower court judgments have shown considerably different interpretations of what the Court's landmark ruling requires. In part, this is a result of a problematic distinction that the Court's reasoning makes between “negative rights,” which are protections against state interference, and “positive rights,” which would require the state to take action or provide funding to ensure access. We examine the implications of this distinction from both a rights and policy perspective, ultimately arguing that courts are not the only, or best, body through which to realize positive rights. Instead, we argue that legislatures need to take seriously their obligations under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
The Reagan Diaries Reconsidered
Authors: Fins Joseph J.
Published: September 2015

Abstract Using critical methods drawn from clinical ethics and the humanities, the author considers the posthumously published The Reagan Diaries and suggests that they show evidence of an incipient dementia. In the wake of Berisha et al.’s analysis of presidential press conferences during the Reagan presidency, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, that were suggestive of cognitive impairment, this reading of the president’s diaries merit additional scrutiny. Diary entries from Reagan’s second term differ from the first years of his presidency. They demonstrate less text, more laconic analysis, word finding difficulties, evidence of spatial confusion and suggestions of disinhibition, all possibly early signs of cognitive impoverishment during the same period when the transcripts of his second term press conferences showed evidence suggestive of incipient Alzheimer’s Disease. While a definitive analysis of the president’s diaries can not be performed on the abridged published text, edited by the historian Douglas Brinkley, these findings are suggestive and warrant additional scrutiny. By melding quantitative approaches analyzing language use from Reagan’s presidential press conferences with methods from clinical ethics and literary criticism, future scholars can gain a fuller understanding of the president’s health while he was in office.
Gerunds and Types of Events
Authors: Portner Paul
Published: September 2015

No abstract.
OMERACT Filter Evidence Supporting the Measurement of At-work Productivity Loss as an Outcome Measure in Rheumatology Research
Authors: Beaton Dorcas E. , Dyer Sarah , Boonen Annelies , Verstappen Suzanne M.M. , Escorpizo Reuben , Lacaille Diane V. , Bosworth Ailsa , Gignac Monique A.M. , Leong Amye , Purcaru Oana , Leggett Sarah , Hofstetter Cathy , Peterson Ingemar F. , Tang Kenneth , Fautrel Bruno , Bombardier Claire , Tugwell Peter S.
Published: September 2015

Objective.

Indicators of work role functioning (being at work, and being productive while at work) are important outcomes for persons with arthritis. As the worker productivity working group at OMERACT (Outcome Measures in Rheumatology), we sought to provide an evidence base for consensus on standardized instruments to measure worker productivity [both absenteeism and at-work productivity (presenteeism) as well as critical contextual factors].

Methods.

Literature reviews and primary studies were done and reported to the OMERACT 12 (2014) meeting to build the OMERACT Filter 2.0 evidence for worker productivity outcome measurement instruments. Contextual factor domains that could have an effect on scores on worker productivity instruments were identified by nominal group techniques, and strength of influence was further assessed by literature review.

Results.

At OMERACT 9 (2008), we identified 6 candidate measures of absenteeism, which received 94% endorsement at the plenary vote. At OMERACT 11 (2012) we received over the required minimum vote of 70% for endorsement of 2 at-work productivity loss measures. During OMERACT 12 (2014), out of 4 measures of at-work productivity loss, 3 (1 global; 2 multiitem) received support as having passed the OMERACT Filter with over 70% of the plenary vote. In addition, 3 contextual factor domains received a 95% vote to explore their validity as core contextual factors: nature of work, work accommodation, and workplace support.

Conclusion.

Our current recommendations for at-work productivity loss measures are: WALS (Workplace Activity Limitations Scale), WLQ PDmod (Work Limitations Questionnaire with modified physical demands scale), WAI (Work Ability Index), WPS (Arthritis-specific Work Productivity Survey), and WPAI (Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire). Our future research focus will shift to confirming core contextual factors to consider in the measurement of worker productivity.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 and Adiponectin and Associations with Muscle Deficits, Disease Characteristics, and Treatments in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Baker Joshua F. , Von Feldt Joan Marie , Mostoufi-Moab Sogol , Kim Woojin , Taratuta Elena , Leonard Mary B.
Published: September 2015

Objective.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with low muscle mass and density. The objective of our study was to evaluate associations between 2 serum biomarkers [insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and adiponectin] and skeletal muscle in RA.

Methods.

Whole-body dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI; kg/m2) and total fat mass index (kg/m2), as well as the peripheral quantitative computed tomography measures of the lower leg muscle and fat cross-sectional area (CSA; cm2) and muscle density (an index of fat infiltration) were obtained from 50 participants with RA, ages 18–70 years. Multivariable linear regression analyses evaluated associations between body composition and levels of adiponectin and IGF-1, adjusted for age, sex, and adiposity.

Results.

Greater age was associated with higher adiponectin (p = 0.06) and lower IGF-1 (p = 0.004). Eight subjects had IGF-1 levels below the reference range for their age and sex. These subjects had significantly lower ALMI and muscle CSA in multivariable models. Lower IGF-1 levels were associated with greater clinical disease activity and severity, as well as low ALMI, muscle CSA, and muscle density (defined as 1 SD below normative mean). After adjusting for age and sex, greater adiponectin levels were associated with lower BMI (p = 0.02) as well as lower ALMI, and lower muscle CSA, independent of adiposity (p < 0.05). Only greater Health Assessment Questionnaire scores were significantly associated with lower adiponectin levels.

Conclusion.

Low IGF-1 and greater adiponectin levels are associated with lower muscle mass in RA. Lower IGF-1 levels were seen in subjects with greater disease activity and severity.
Web Intelligence
Authors: Jaafar Jafreezal , Danyaro Kamaluddeen Usman , Liew M. S.
Published: September 2015

This chapter discusses about the veracity of data. The veracity issue is the challenge of imprecision in big data due to influx of data from diverse sources. To overcome this problem, this chapter proposes a fuzzy knowledge-based framework that will enhance the accessibility of Web data and solve the inconsistency in data model. D2RQ, protégé, and fuzzy Web Ontology Language applications were used for configuration and performance. The chapter also provides the completeness fuzzy knowledge-based algorithm, which was used to determine the robustness and adaptability of the knowledge base. The result shows that the D2RQ is more scalable with respect to performance comparison. Finally, the conclusion and future lines of the research were provided.
Intelligent Management and Efficient Operation of Big Data
Authors: Moura José , Batista Fernando , Cardoso Elsa , Nunes Luís
Published: September 2015

This chapter details how Big Data can be used and implemented in networking and computing infrastructures. Specifically, it addresses three main aspects: the timely extraction of relevant knowledge from heterogeneous, and very often unstructured large data sources; the enhancement on the performance of processing and networking (cloud) infrastructures that are the most important foundational pillars of Big Data applications or services; and novel ways to efficiently manage network infrastructures with high-level composed policies for supporting the transmission of large amounts of data with distinct requisites (video vs. non-video). A case study involving an intelligent management solution to route data traffic with diverse requirements in a wide area Internet Exchange Point is presented, discussed in the context of Big Data, and evaluated.
Big Data and Web Intelligence for Condition Monitoring
Authors: Gómez Carlos Q. , Villegas Marco A. , García Fausto P. , Pedregal Diego J.
Published: September 2015

Condition Monitoring (CM) is the process of determining the state of a system according to a certain number of parameters. This ‘condition' is tracked over time to detect any developing fault or non desired behaviour. As the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) continue expanding the range of possible applications and gaining industrial maturity, the appearing of new sensor technologies such as Macro Fiber Composites (MFC) has opened a new range of possibilities for addressing a CM in industrial scenarios. The huge amount of data collected by MFC could overflow most conventional monitoring systems, requiring new approaches to take true advantage of the data. Big Data approach makes it possible to take profit of tons of data, integrating in the appropriate algorithms and technologies in a unified platform. This chapter proposes a real time condition monitoring approach, in which the system is continuously monitored allowing an online analysis.