bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fire Hawk Optimizer for Resource Trade-off in Project Scheduling based on BIM
Authors: Shishehgarkhaneh Milad Baghalzadeh , Azizi Mahdi , Basiri Mahla , Moehler Robert
Published: August 2022

Project managers should balance a variety of resource elements in building projects while taking into account many major concerns, including time, cost, quality, risk, and the environment. This study presents a framework for resource trade-offs in project scheduling based on the Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology and metaheuristic algorithms. First, a new metaheuristic algorithm called Fire Hawk Optimizer (FHO) is used. Using project management software and the BIM process, a 3D model of the construction is created. In order to maximize quality while minimizing time, cost, risk, and CO2 in the project under consideration, an optimization problem is created, and the FHO's capability for solving it is assessed. A predefined stopping condition is taken into account while doing 30 independent optimization runs to obtain the statistical metrics, such as the mean, standard deviation, and the required number of objective function evaluations. The results show that the FHO algorithm is capable of producing competitive and exceptional outcomes when it comes to trade-off various resource options in projects.
Mental Health of Guatemalan Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Baseline Findings From the HEROES Cohort Study
Authors: Paniagua-Avila Alejandra , Ramírez Dorian E. , Barrera-Pérez Aida , Calgua Erwin , Castro Claudia , Peralta-García Ana , Mascayano Franco , Susser Ezra , Alvarado Rubén , Puac-Polanco Victor
Published: August 2022

Objectives. To assess the baseline prevalence of mental health conditions and associated exposures in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs) in Guatemala.

Methods. We analyzed baseline information from the 2020 Web-based COVID-19 Health Care Workers Study (HEROES)–Guatemala. Outcomes included mental distress and depressive symptoms. Exposures included COVID-19 experiences, sociodemographic characteristics, and job characteristics. We used crude and adjusted Poisson regression models in our analyses.

Results. Of the 1801 HCWs who accepted to participate, 1522 (84.5%) completed the questionnaire; 1014 (66.8%) were women. Among the participants, 59.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 56.6, 61.5) screened positive for mental distress and 23% (95% CI = 20.9, 25.2) for moderate to severe depressive symptoms. COVID-19 experiences, sociodemographic characteristics, and job characteristics were associated with the study outcomes. Participants who were worried about COVID-19 infection were at higher risk of mental distress (relative risk [RR] = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.30, 1.66) and depressive symptoms (RR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.96). Similarly, the youngest participants were at elevated risk of mental distress (RR = 1.80; 95% CI = 1.24, 2.63) and depressive symptoms (OR = 4.58; 95% CI = 1.51, 13.87).

Conclusions. Mental health conditions are highly prevalent among Guatemalan HCWs. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S6):S602–S614. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306648 )
Parasport: Effects on Musculoskeletal Function and Injury Patterns
Authors: Sacks Hayley , Wu Meagan , Carter Cordelia , Karamitopoulos Mara
Published: August 2022

➤ Sports participation can improve gait, muscle strength, and functional abilities in patients with a wide variety of disabilities. Para athletes are also at substantial risk for injury during sports participation.

➤ Ambulant athletes with cerebral palsy are at risk for soft-tissue injuries about the knee as well as foot and ankle injuries. Wheelchair athletes are at risk for osteoporotic fractures and shoulder girdle injuries. Limb-deficient athletes are prone to low back pain and overuse injuries of the contralateral extremity.

➤ Para athletes are vulnerable to abuse during sports participation, and physicians should promptly report any possible abuse or mistreatment.

➤ Orthopaedic surgeons should understand disability and sport-specific risk factors for injury in para athletes in order to initiate early management and injury prevention protocols.
Örgüt İkliminin Duygusal Bulaşma Üzerindeki Etkisi: Bir Alan Araştırması
Authors: YEŞİL Salih , CEYHAN Sümeyra , ÖZBAĞIŞ Ayşegül
Published: August 2022

Her geçen gün örgüt içerisinde değişen ve gelişen durumlar karşısında birçok yeni kavram ortaya çıkmaktadır. Örgütlerin değişen bu koşullar içerisinde başarılı olmaları için göz önünde bulundurmaları gereken kavramlardan biri de örgüt iklimidir. Örgüt iklimi yönetim uygulamaları içerisinde çalışanların duygu ve düşüncelerini içeren algıdır. Duygusal bulaşma ise kişilerin birbirlerinin yüz ifadesi, jest ve mimikler gibi duyguların birbirini tamamlayan bir düzenektir. Dolayısıyla duygusal bulaşma çalışan kişilerin sözlü ve sözsüz iletişim ipuçlarının karşısındaki kişi tarafından algılanması ve başarı, saygı gibi olumlu sonuçları meydana getiren süreç olarak ifade edilebilir. Bu çalışmada örgüt iklimi konusunun duygusal bulaşma üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Kahramanmaraş’ta 256 belediye çalışanı oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama tekniği olarak anket kullanılmıştır. Anket sonucunda ulaşılan veriler SPSS 23.0 programında güvenilirlik, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri yapılarak test edilmiştir. Yapılan korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre bürokratik örgüt ikliminin olumlu duygular ve olumsuz duygular arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu belirlenirken, destekleyici örgüt iklimi ve yenilikçi örgüt ikliminin ise olumlu duygular ve olumsuz duygular arasında negatif anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre bürokratik, destekleyici ve yenilikçi örgüt ikliminin olumlu ve olumsuz duyguları pozitif yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen bulgular teorik ve uygulama bağlamında tartışılmıştır.
Evaluation of methods for monitoring herbaceous vegetation
Authors: Herman Brook
Published: August 2022

This special report seeks to advance the field of ecological restoration by reviewing selected reports on the processes, procedures, and protocols associated with monitoring of ecological restoration projects. Specifically, this report identifies selected published herbaceous vegetation monitoring protocols at the national, regional, and local levels and then evaluates the recommended sampling design and methods from these identified protocols. Finally, the report analyzes the sampling designs and methods in the context of monitoring restored herbaceous vegetation at US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) ecosystem restoration sites. By providing this information and the accompanying analyses in one document, this special report aids the current effort to standardize data-collection methods in monitoring ecosystem restoration projects.
Nudge or not, university teachers have mixed feelings about online teaching
Authors: Banerjee Sanchayan , Jambrina-Canseco Beatriz , Brundu-Gonzalez Benjamin , Gordon Claire , Carr Jenni
Published: August 2022

We designed and administered an online survey experiment to 444 educators in a large social sciences university in the United Kingdom to evaluate their perceptions on the effectiveness of online teaching methods. We find that nudging educators (ntreat=142, ncontrol=142) with information on the benefits of online teaching does not improve their personal evaluations about this new mode of teaching. Overall, faculty report being comfortable with online teaching methods and think this form of teaching can continue to have some positive impact. Nonetheless, they do not favour any further online transition away from traditional modes of teaching. Online teaching is largely perceived to negatively affect student well-being and their overall university experience. Maybe the `new normal' of teaching is not better after all?
Risk of Emotional Exhaustion among HIV Service Providers in South Africa and Zambia: Findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) Trial
Authors: Steinhaus Mara C. , Nicholson Tamaryn J. , Pliakas Triantafyllos , Harper Abigail , Lilleston Pamela , Mainga Tila , Milimo Deborah , Jennings Karen , Grobbelaar Nelis , Louis Francoise , Liebenberg Handri , Hayes Richard J , Fidler Sarah , Ayles Helen , Bock Peter , Hoddinott Graeme , Hargreaves James R. , Bond Virginia , Stangl Anne L
Published: August 2022

Background In the high disease burden and resource-constrained contexts of SSA, health workers experience a range of psychosocial stressors that leave them vulnerable to developing burnout, which can reduce service quality and negatively impact their own health and wellbeing. As universal testing and treatment (UTT) for HIV scales up across SSA, it is important to understand the implications of this human resource intensive approach to HIV prevention to inform decision making about health workforce staffing and support needs. MethodsUsing the Maslach Burnout Inventory, we assessed the prevalence of three domains of burnout—emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment— among three cadres of health workers delivering health services in areas receiving a UTT intervention in Zambia and South Africa. These cadres included health facility workers (n=478), community health workers (n=159), and a study-specific cadre of community HIV care providers (CHiPs) (n=529). We used linear regression to assess risk factors associated with emotional exhaustion, the only domain with sufficient variation in our sample.ResultsAll groups of health workers reported lower levels of emotional exhaustion than found in previous studies of this type (median scores ranged from 8 to 14 out of 54 across health cadres). Higher emotional exhaustion was associated with higher educational attainment (βadj= 2.24, 95% CI 0.76 to 3.72), greater years providing HIV services (βadj=0.20, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.36), and testing negative for HIV at last HIV test (βadj=-3.88 -95% CI 5.69 to -2.07). Working as a CHW was significantly associated with lower emotional exhaustion (β = -2.52, 95% CI -4.69 to -0.35). Amongst all health workers, irrespective of HIV status, witnessing stigmatizing behaviors towards people living with HIV among their co-workers was associated with significantly increased emotional exhaustion (βadj = 3.38, 95% CI 1.99 to 4.76). ConclusionsThe low levels of emotional exhaustion detected among health workers are reassuring. However, it remains important to assess how UTT may affect levels of emotional exhaustion among health workers, which may impact the quality of HIV services they are able to provide. Interventions to reduce HIV stigma in health facilities may protect against emotional exhaustion among health workers. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01900977.
Tooth agenesis and dental development in a Spanish population: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Dusio Francesca , de Nova Joaquín , Guevara Alejandra Hernández , García Gonzalo Feijóo
Published: August 2022

Background. The purpose of this retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Spanish population, was to determine whether dental development is delayed in pediatric patients with agenesis. Dental development in children with agenesis was studied. The comparison of the average difference between chronological and dental age in the total sample was carried out to determine the validity of the maturation table for the Spanish population. Lastly we studied the potential influence of the variables sex, number of agenesis, location of the agenesis. Results. The total sample studied included a total of 114 panoramic radiographs, corresponding to boys and girls between 5 and 16 years of ag, with a mean age of 9.4 years (+/- 2.5 S.D). The case group included 53 radiographs (26 boys and 27 girls with agenesis); the control group included 61 panoramic radiographs (27 boys and 34 girls without agenesis). Dental age was determined applying Demirjian`s method and specific maturation tables for the Spanish population. The mean age estimated using the Demirjian method for the Spanish population was lower than the chronological age of the sample in all groups (mean dental age: 9.054, mean chronological age: 9,354).The difference between chronological and dental age in the global sample was significantly delayed, with the global difference being 0.3 years and in particular 0.2852 years in the girls and 0.3151 years in boys. Conclusions. Dental development was more delayed in children with agenesis, and in girls with agenesis than in boys, despite the earlier development of girls. Dental development is earlier than the development that is supposed to exist in the Spanish population, obtained using the method studied by Demirjian with the conversion tables for the Spanish population. Imprecise data is obtained in patients with agenesis as chronological age does not correspond to dental age. However chronological and dental age difference is minimal in patients without agenesis, determining the validity of the maturation tables fot the Spanish population in this group of patients. The later dental development of children with agenesis is influenced by sex, the number of agenesis and the posterior and mandibular location of agenesis.
Water-soluble Yb 3+ , Er 3+ codoped NaYF 4 nanoparticles induced SGC-7901 cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS-mediated ER stress
Authors: Sun Shaoqiang , Mao jingwei , Liu Chen
Published: August 2022

Background：Nanoparticles are potential luminescent probes. The objective of this study was to examine the cytotoxicity and underlying mechanism of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs).Methods: The effects of 0-400μg/mL UCNPs on human gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC-7901) cells were investigated. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), intracellular Ca2+ levels, and apoptosis. Caspase-3 and 9 activities were measured using commercial kits. Cytochrome C (CytC) in the cytosol and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), 94 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP94), caspase-3, caspase- 9, calpain 1, and calpain 2 protein levels were detected using Western blotting. Results: Exposure to UCNPs inhibited the viability of SGC‑7901 cells vs. control (UNCP 0 µg/ml) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Exposure to UCNPs increased the proportion of SGC‑7901 cells in early apoptosis, and enhanced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, elevated ROS levels, decreased ΔΨm, increased intracellular Ca2+, induced apoptosis, increased CytC protein levels, decreased phosphorylated Akt protein levels, increased Caspase 3 and Caspade-9 activity and protein levels, and increased GRP-78, GRP-94, caplain 1 and caplain 2 protein levels in SGC‑7901 cells vs. control. Conclusions: UCNPs induced SGC-7901 cell death by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS-mediated ER stress, initiating the caspase 9/caspase 3 cascade. These findings provide valuable insights relevant to the development of effective anti-cancer therapies that target specific signaling pathways.
Screening CEACAM8 and LCN2 as immune-related diagnostic biomarkers after burn to prevent serious complications
Authors: Wang Jia-Xin , Zou Lin-Xuan , Zhao Tian-Qi , Xu Meng-Ying , Yi Xin , Wang Xing-Kai , Qu Xue-Ling , Zong Jun-Wei , Wang Shou-Yu
Published: August 2022

Background: Burns are an underrated injury that can affect anyone, anytime and anywhere. Therefore, screening immune-related diagnostic markers of burn can be used to prevent serious complications and death.Methods: GEO database obtains GSE19743 and GSE37069, and uses the GPL570 platform. Cibersort algorithm was used to calculate the figure of immune cells in healthy control group and burn group. Immune cells were identified by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. “RobustRankAggreg” method was used to screen differentially expressed genes. DEGs' functional correlation was analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Possible biomarkers were identiﬁed by Cytoscape's cytoHubba, and the diagnostic result was predicted Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis. Spearman's rank correlation analysis in R package was used to learn the correlation between the identiﬁed biomarkers and inﬁltrating immune cells. Results: After joint analysis of the two sets of data, 60 DEGs were obtained, of which 42 increased and 18 decreased. Generally speaking, the function of DEG is related to immune cells. In CytoHubba, 6 hub genes were obtained through the intersection of 10 algorithms. GZMB, OLFM4, ELANE, MMP9, LCN2 and CEACAM8 showed good specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The correlation between 6 effective biomarkers and 12 meaningfully different immune cells in burn group was analyzed. The outcomes demonstrated that LCN2 was correlated with M0 macrophages positively (R=0. 594, P < 0.001).Conclusion: CEACAM8 and LCN2 have great potential as new diagnostic biomarkers of immune dysfunction after burn.
Dynamic Computation Offloading with Deep Reinforcement Learning in Edge Networks
Authors: Bai Yang , Li Xiaocui , Wu Xinfan , Zhou Zhangbing
Published: August 2022

With the booming proliferation of user requests in the Internet of Things (IoT) network, Edge Computing (EC) is emerging as a promising paradigm to provide flexible and reliable services. Considering the resource constraints of IoT devices, for some delay-aware user requests, a heavy workload IoT device may not respond on time. EC spurs a popular wave of offloading user requests to edge servers at the edge of the network. The orchestration for user-requested offloading schemes is a remarkable challenge for the execution time and energy consumption for IoT devices in edge networks. To address this challenge, we propose a dynamic computation offloading strategy consisting of the following two parts: (i) we propose the concept of intermediate nodes, which can minimize the time and energy cost to process the current task by dynamically combining task offloading and service migration strategies; and (ii) based in the current network’s workload state, we model such intermediate node selection problem as multiple dimensional Markov Decision Process (MDP) spaces and implement deep reinforcement learning algorithms to reduce the large MDP space and achieve fast decision-making. Experimental results show that this strategy performs better than existing baseline approaches on the reduction of delay and energy consumption.
RIPF-Unet for regional landslides detection: a novel deep learning model boosted by reversed image pyramid features
Authors: FU Bangjie , LI Yange , Han Zheng , FANG Zhenxiong , CHEN Ningsheng , HU Guisheng , WANG Weidong
Published: August 2022

Rapid detection of landslides using remote sensing images benefits hazard assessment and mitigation. Many deep learning-based models have been proposed for this purpose, however, for small-scale landslide detection, excessive convolution and pooling process may cause potential texture information loss, which can lead to misjudgement of landslide target. In this paper, we present a novel UNet model for automatic detection of landslides, wherein the reversed image pyramid features (RIPFs) are adapted to compensate for the information loss caused by a succession of convolution and pooling. The proposed RIPF-Unet model is trained and validated using the open-source landslides dataset of the Bijie area, Guizhou Province, China, wherein the precision of the proposed model is observed to increase by 3.5% and 4.0%, compared to the conventional UNet and UNet + + model, respectively. The proposed RIPF-Unet model is further applied to the case of the Longtoushan region after the 2014 Ms.6.5 Ludian earthquake. Results show that the proposed model achieves a 96.63% accuracy for detecting landslides using remote sensing images. The RIPF-Unet model is also advanced in its compact parameter size, notably, it is 31% lighter compared to the UNet + + model.
The presence of partial compaction patterns is associated with lower rates of blastocyst formation, sub- optimal morphokinetic parameters and poorer morphologic grade
Authors: Hur Christine , Nanavaty Vaani , Yao Meng , Desai Nina
Published: August 2022

Background: Compaction is an important marker of embryonic genome activation and marks a critical step in the development to blastocyst. The objective of our study was to determine whether visualization of the embryonic compaction process through time-lapse imaging (TL) can assist in predicting the kinetics of embryo development as well as the likelihood for blastocyst formation, grade, or ploidy.Methods: This study is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a single academic institution. Couples included were those who underwent preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) following in vitro fertilization between January and December 2020. Embryos were cultured in the Embrysocope. Embryo morphokinetic data was prospectively collected and analyzed. TL videos were later reviewed in detail for compaction pattern. Embryo compaction patterns (CP) were categorized as follows: 1) full compaction (CP-F), 2) partial compaction with cell extrusion (P-ext), 3) partial compaction with cell exclusion (P-exc) and 4) partial compaction with both cell extrusion and exclusion (P-both). Assessment of embryo decompaction and re-compaction was evaluated. The association between CP, morphokinetic parameters, blastocyst formation, grade and ploidy were then analyzed.Results: A total of 349 embryos were studied. Amongst embryos which progressed to morula (n=281), the distribution of compaction patterns were: CP-F 45.6%, P-ext 12.5%, P-exc 29.5% and P-both 12.5%. Embryos exhibiting a CP-F were more likely to proceed to blastocyst compared with those that demonstrated partial compaction patterns (p = 0.006). When compared to CP-F, partial compaction patterns were significantly associated with poorer ICM and TE grades (P < 0.001). Of the 281 morula, 59.8% (n = 168) demonstrated at least one episode of decompaction and re-compaction. Of the 249 blastocysts formed, 200 were cryopreserved for future use after undergoing PGT-A evaluation. Of those, 42.5% were diagnosed as euploid, 39.0% as aneuploid, 9.0% as mosaic and 9.5% had no result. When compared to CP-F, partial CPs exhibited a significantly greater percentage of mosaic embryos (3.6% v. 15.6%, p=0.032). Additionally, we found that a greater percentage of embryos demonstrating CP-F exhibited morphokinetics that fell into optimal ranges for embryo development when compared to those with partial compaction patterns. Conclusion: Time-lapse visualization of compaction patterns identified exclusions and/or extrusions as negative indicators of blastocyst formation and blastocyst grade. When compared to full compaction patterns, partial compaction patterns were associated with delayed embryonic development as well as lower rates of optimal kinetic development.
Low Voltage a-IGZO Thin Film Transistor Using Tantalum Oxide by Thermal Oxidation
Authors: Yu Eun Seong , Kang Seo Jin , Lee Hyuck Su , Lee Jong Mo , Bae Byung Seong
Published: August 2022

Low voltage oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) operating below 1.0 V were developed using a high dielectric constant tantalum oxide produced by thermal oxidation. Thermal oxidation was carried out at 400, 500, and 600 °C under an oxygen atmosphere. The tantalum oxide was evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS confirmed the binding energy of Ta4f, indicating the binding state of tantalum oxide. The bottom gate oxide TFT with the gate insulator of tantalum oxide grown at 500 °C exhibited mobility of 12.61 cm2/V and a threshold voltage of 0.46 V. The transfer characteristics at the drain voltages below 1.0 V show its applicability to low voltage operation below 1 V. The bootstrapped inverter with developed oxide TFTs operated well at the operation voltages of both the 1.0 and 2.0 V.
Team effectiveness: epidemiologists' perception of collective performance during emergency response
Authors: Parry Amy Elizabeth , Richardson Alice , Kirk Martyn , Colquhoun Samantha , Durrheim David N , Housen Tambri
Published: August 2022

Background: To describe epidemiologists’ experience of team dynamics and leadership during emergency response, and explore the utility of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) tool during future public health emergency responses. The TEAM tool included categories for leadership, teamwork, and task management.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey between October 2019 and February 2020 with the global applied field epidemiology workforce. To validate the TEAM tool for our context, we used exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: We analysed 166 completed surveys. Respondents included national and international emergency responders with representation of all WHO regions. We were unable to validate the TEAM tool for use with epidemiology teams involved in emergency response, however descriptive analysis provided insight into epidemiology emergency response team performance. We found female responders were less satisfied with response leadership than male counterparts, and national responders were more satisfied across all survey categories compared to international respondersConclusion: Functional teams are a core attribute of effective public health emergency response. Our findings have shown a need for a greater focus on team performance. We recommend development of a fit-for-purpose performance management tool for teams responding to public health emergencies. The importance of building and supporting the development of the national workforce is another important finding of this study.
Disposable laryngoscope intubation to reduce equipment failure in an emergency out of OR setting - A Quality Control Case Study
Authors: Simmons Colby G. , Eckle Tobias , Rogers Dustin , Williams Jason D. , Brainard Jason C.
Published: August 2022

Background
Reusable laryngoscopes have been reported to be superior to disposable laryngoscopes with plastic blades during emergent intubations. Surprisingly, at our institution a quality reporting system revealed a high number of equipment failures with reusable laryngoscopes in an emergency out-of-OR (operating room) setting. As recent studies indicated an improved quality of disposable laryngoscopes, we hypothesized that a thoroughly evaluated disposable laryngoscope would result in less equipment failure in an emergency out-of-OR setting.
Methods
To perform a more standardized and time efficient analysis, four distinct disposable laryngoscope blade/handle configurations were trialed during standard intubations (n = 4x30) in the OR by experienced anesthesia providers who completed a 6-question, Likert-scale/open-ended survey for product evaluation. The ‘best’ disposable blade was implemented in an emergency out-of-OR setting and equipment failure rates were monitored over a 3-year period.
Results
Different disposable laryngoscopes were equal regarding sturdiness, illumination and airway visualization. The laryngoscope with the highest overall score was significantly higher scored than the laryngoscope with the lowest overall score. All disposable laryngoscopes were more cost effective than the reusable ones, and the top scored laryngoscope demonstrated the highest 5-year cost-saving ($210K). Implementation of the top scoring disposable laryngoscope into an emergency out-of-OR setting reduced the equipment failure incidence from high 20s to 0.
Conclusion
Disposable laryngoscopes are cost effective and superior to reusable laryngoscopes in an emergency out-of-OR setting. We demonstrate that the implementation of a disposable laryngoscope in the emergency out-of-OR setting resulted in a near elimination of equipment related quality submissions which ultimately enhances patient safety.
Effect of internal heat source on a nonlocal thermoelastic rotating medium in the context of a dual-phase-lag model with fractional derivative
Authors: Said Samia M. , Abd-Elaziz Elsayed M. , Othman Mohamed I. A.
Published: August 2022

A new model of a rotating nonlocal thermoelastic medium is formulated based on the dual-phase-lag model with fractional derivative heat transfer. Using suitable non-dimensional variables, the problem is solved using Fourier series and Laplace transforms to obtain the exact expressions of physical fields. The distributions of the nondimensional temperature, displacements, and stresses are obtained and illustrated graphically. The effects of the rotation, the nonlocal parameter, the internal heat source, and the fractional- order parameter, on the considered variables are concerned and discussed in detail, and the results show that they significantly influence the variations of the considered variables.
Time course of adverse reactions after BNT162b2 vaccination in healthy and allergic disease individuals aged 5–11 years: an observational and historical cohort study
Authors: Yoshida Makoto , Kobashi Yurie , Shimazu Yuzo , Saito Hiroaki , Yamamoto Chika , Kawamura Takeshi , Wakui Masatoshi , Takahashi Kenzo , Ito Naomi , Nishikawa Yoshitaka , Zhao Tianchen , Tsubokura Masaharu
Published: August 2022

Purpose
We aimed to assess whether BNT162b2 vaccination in children meets high safety standards by surveying adverse reactions in healthy and allergic disease individuals aged 5–11 years in Japan throughout seven days following their first and second BNT162b2 vaccination.
Methods
This was an observational and historical cohort study. The eligibility criteria of study participants included those aged 5–11 years, who received two doses of BNT162b2, with consent by the children and their guardians. We collected data on sex, age, height, weight, blood type, history of BCG vaccination, allergic disease, medication, history of COVID-19 infection and adverse reactions seven days following the first and second BNT162b2 vaccination using a questionnaire. We used previous reports to compare our result with individuals aged 12–15years.
Results
A total of 421 participants were eligible for this study. Among the 216 patients with allergic disease, 48 (22.2%) had experienced worsening of their chronic diseases, and the frequency of fatigue and dizziness after the second dose was higher than that of healthy individuals. The experience of systemic adverse reactions was associated with asthma. The frequency of headache, diarrhea, fatigue, muscle/joint pain, and fever after the second BNT162b2 vaccination was lower in the individuals aged 5–11 years than in those aged 12–15 years. Fever was the only systemic adverse reaction that lasted longer than five days (1.0% of participants).
Conclusions
Individuals with allergic diseases, who are potentially susceptible to COVID-19, may experience worsening of their chronic diseases and more frequent adverse reactions after BNT162b2 vaccination than healthy individuals. To ensure that children with allergic diseases receive the vaccine safely, further information needs to be collected.
Clinical validation of a fully automated framework for ventricular segmentation and wall motion classification from cine CMR
Authors: Costa Eva , Barros Carla , Pinto Adriano , Martins Nelson , Tondi Lara , Pica Silvia , Pereira Vitor Hugo , Lombardi Massimo
Published: August 2022

Background
We present the clinical validation of an AI-based framework for automatic ventricular segmentation and quantification, and automatic wall motion classification from cine CMR.
Methods
The framework was evaluated using two datasets, the SCMR Consensus dataset and a cohort private dataset composed by 146 patients. The automatic segmentation of left ventricle (LV) of SCMR Consensus dataset was evaluated through Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). The ventricular function quantification was assessed by processing both datasets, measuring LV and right ventricle (RV) end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, ejection fraction (EF), and left ventricle mass (LVM). The validation was based on agreement indices, such as the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Automatic wall motion classification was performed using the cohort dataset, and assessed using confusion matrix metrics.
Results
The comparison between the proposed framework and experts' manual performances on ventricular segmentation and function quantification processes showed high levels of contouring overlap (DSC=0.72), and agreement (ICC > 0.96 and ICC > 0.81 for volumes and EFs of LV and RV, respectively, and ICC > 0.78 for LVM). The automatic wall motion analysis obtained a classification accuracy of 0.77, with a sensitivity value of 1.00, meaning no false negative..
Conclusions
The validation results confirmed the proposed framework robustness and generalization capabilities. Moreover, our proposal demonstrated its potential for automatic wall motion classification in clinical practice.
The effect of calcineurin signaling inhibition on the treatment of endometriosis in rats
Authors: Bulbul Cagla Bahar , Turan Gulay , Usta Ceyda Sancakli , Bulmus Ozgur , Usta Akin
Published: August 2022

Objective
The molecular and cellular mechanism underlying endometriosis is still under investigation. CypA is one of the inflammatory marker which secreted various type of cell in the inflammatory condition. During the inflammation, CypA exacerbate inflammatory response by the activation of calcineurin signaling that increases the cytokine secretion and tissue degradation in inflammatory region. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of calcineurin signaling inhibition on the treatment endometriosis in rats.
Materials & Methods
In the present study, 32 albino-wistar rat were used. All rats were divided into three groups as Cyclosporin A (n = 10), tacrolimus (n = 10) and control group (n = 12). Cyclosporin A group was administered intraperitoneal and tacrolimus group was administered intravenous, total 2 doses at intervals of 2 weeks respectively. All studies lasted for 8 weeks. Processed endometrial tissues will cut at the middle of the tissue samples and embedded into paraffin. Histological sections (5 µm) were stained with Ki-67, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and VEGF.
Results
The size of endometriotic focus were 204.7 ± 153.4 mm3, 71.9 ± 85.4 mm3 ve 30.6 ± 36.7 mm3 in control, in CsA and in tacrolimus groups. Compared the control group the size of endometriotic focus was lower in CsA and tacrolimus group (p = 0.002). Microscopically, Ki-67 (p = 0.010) and VEGF (p = 0.007) immunoreactivity were lower in CsA and tacrolimus group than controls.
Conclusion
The inhibition of calcineurin signaling with CsA and tacrolimus treatment causes regression of endometriotic focus via decreases of endometriotic cell proliferation and angiogenesis in ectopic endometriotic tissue.
Dietary outcomes of moderately wasted children treated in a food voucher program in Cameroon’s Far North: A three-month longitudinal study
Authors: Foudjo Brice Ulrich Saha , Teta Ismael , Nielsen Jennifer Notkin , Kang Yunhee , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Nounkeu Carole Debora , Touré Djeinam , Doledec David , Oben Julius
Published: August 2022

Background
Many interventions in Cameroon focus on addressing severe wasting rather than targeting moderate wasting, although the latter is more prevalent. The objective of the study was to evaluate a program designed to treat moderate wasting using a food voucher program (FVP) tested in the Far North, examining the factors associated with dietary outcomes.
Methods
A three-month longitudinal study was carried out to evaluate the impact of providing caregivers of children with moderate wasting (middle-upper arm circumference [MUAC] measures < 125 mm) a bi-weekly voucher to purchase a predefined package of foods together with essential hygiene and nutrition education on child minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and dietary diversity scores (DDS). Life table analysis was used to assess the cumulative probability of achieving the MDD among children aged 6–23 months, and multivariate regression was used to assess changes in DDS among children 24–59 months. Factors associated with dietary outcomes were identified using random and fixed effect (mixed) linear and logistic models.
Results
A total of 474 children were enrolled in the study. The FVP components increased the proportion of children achieving intended dietary outcomes. The cumulative probability of meeting the MDD by children 6–23 months of age increased from 19.9% at enrollment to 100% after 12 weeks. Average DDS scores increased from 3.2 at baseline to 5.1 (95% CI 4.6–5.7) across enrollment. Caregivers’ perception of the safety of food items redeemed was positively associated with MDD increase (adjusted RR = 0.50, p = 0.012). Family member consumption of the enriched porridge was more likely to decrease DDS among children aged 24–53 months (adjusted coef. = 0.33, p = 0.047).
Conclusion
The FVP was effective in improving dietary diversity of MAM children aged between 6–59 months in Cameroon’s Far North.
Molecular Cloning, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Auxin Response Factor GhARF2 Gene in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Chao Maoni , Dong Jie , Hu Genhai , Li Yanyan , Huang Ling , Zhang Jinbao , Tang Jihua , Wang Qinglian
Published: August 2022

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are a class of transcription factors that regulate the expression of auxin-responsive genes and play important functions in plant growth and development. To understand the biological functions of the auxin response factorGhARF2gene in upland cotton, the coding sequence (CDS) ofGhARF2gene was cloned, and its protein sequence, evolutionary relationship, subcellular localization and expression pattern were analysed. The results showed that the full-length CDS ofGhARF2gene was 2,583 bp, encoded 860 amino acids, and had a molecular weight and an isoelectric point of 95.46 KDa and 6.02, respectively. The GhARF2 protein had multiple phosphorylation sites, no transmembrane domain, and secondary structures dominated by random coils and α-helices. The GhARF2 protein has 3 conserved typical domains ofARFgene family members, including the B3 DNA binding domain, the Auxin_resp domain, and the Aux/IAA domain. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that ARF2 proteins in different species were clustered in the Group A subgroup, in which GhARF2 was closely related to TcGhARF2 ofTheobroma cacaoL. (Malvaceae). The subcellular localization results showed that the GhARF2 protein was localized in the nucleus. Analysis of tissue expression pattern showed that theGhARF2gene was expressed in all tissues tested, with the highest expression level in sepal, followed by leaf, and the lowest expression level in fiber. Further stress expression analysis showed that theGhARF2gene was induced by drought, high-temperature, low-temperature and salt stress, and had different expression patterns under different stress conditions. These results established a foundation for understanding the functions ofGhARF2and breeding varieties with high-stress resistance in cotton.
A novel cold air electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication (CAEMQL) technique for machining of titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Xu Xuefeng , Liu Fucai , Wu Xizhuan , Xia Yu , Lv Tao , Zhang Ruochong , Hu Xiaodong
Published: August 2022

Milling of titanium alloys is usually associated with a high cutting temperature and severe tool wear. Therefore, flood cooling technologies were conventionally employed for prolonging the tool life and improving the machined surface quality. However, a negative impact on the environment and waste disposal problems caused by a vast quantity of metalworking fluids used in the process has become significant. In this study, a new machining method called “cold air electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication (CAEMQL)” is proposed for machining titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V. The milling performance of CAEMQL was systematically assessed in terms of cutting force, cutting temperature, surface roughness, tool life, tool wear and chip morphology, using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL) and cold air minimum quantity lubrication (CAMQL) as benchmarks. It was found that CAEMQL resulted in an improved critical heat flux and steady-state heat transfer performance compared with MQL, EMQL and CAMQL, which thus produced a lower milling force, smaller milling temperature, better surface quality and less tool wear. The degrees of chip segmentation were enhanced with less deformation for CAEMQL due to its synergistic cooling and lubrication effect .
Nonorthogonal waveform assisted DOA estimation for joint MIMO sensing and communication
Authors: Lin Luning , Zheng Hang , Zhou Chengwei , He Shibo , Shi Zhiguo
Published: August 2022

Conventional direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation methods for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) joint sensing and communication system normally pursue high estimation accuracy and resolution by imposing orthogonal waveforms, which however, results in a deterioration of communication performance. In this paper, we propose a nonorthogonal waveform assisted DOA estimation algorithm, where an augmented virtual array is derived for DOA estimation exploiting the nonorthogonal MIMO communication waveforms, while a high communication rate can still be maintained. To estimate the round-trip sensing channels on each subcarrier, we utilize the transmitted symbols as pilot symbols, and obtain all the channel coefficients with a minimum mean square error (MMSE) solver. A virtual channel matrix can be formulated with these channel coefficients, which can be regarded as the samples of the augmented virtual array. Further, the subspace framework of DOA estimation for this nonorthogonal scenario is presented, and the rank deficiency property of the equivalent signal matrix of the virtual array is analyzed when the distance of targets are identical. To address the problem, a suitable Toeplitz reconstruction method is proposed for the rank-deficient equivalent signal matrix. Simulations show that the proposed nonorthogonal waveform assisted DOA estimation algorithm outperforms the conventional DOA estimation methods for joint MIMO sensing and communication system in terms of resolution and accuracy, and is capable of locating targets with both identical and non-identical distance.
Construction of double grafted interfacial layer to improve thermal and mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composites
Authors: Li Bowen , Song Guojun , Peng Zhi , Zhang Wenjian , Zheng Hao , Zhu Junjie , Wang Chaohang , Wang Jianfa , Yang Xiaoping , Ma Ruiyue , Zhu Shaoqian , Huang Yudong , Ma Lichun
Published: August 2022

A double grafted interfacial layer on CF surface was constructed via PDA and nano-SiO2 (CF-PDA-SiO2) by a facile and effective method to reinforce polyamide 6 composites (CFs/PA6). The effects of double grafted interfacial layer on crystallization structure and behavior, thermal properties, and mechanical properties of CFs/PA6 composites were investigated. This interfacial layer greatly increased the number of active groups, roughness and wettability of CF surface, the tensile strength of CF-PDA-SiO2/PA6 composites increased by 28.09%, 19.37%, and 26.22% compared to untreated-CF/PA6, CF-PDA/PA6, and CF-SiO2/PA6 composites, respectively, which might be caused by the increased interfacial adhesion between CF and PA6 matrix. The thermal stability, crystallization temperature, crystallinity, as well as glass transition temperature (Tg) of CF-PDA-SiO2/PA6 composites improved correspondingly, attributing to the heterogeneous nucleation of nano-SiO2 in the crystalline area and hydrogen bonds with molecular chains of PA6 in the amorphous area. Furthermore, interfacial reinforcement mechanism of composites have been discussed.
Photo-induced Synthesis, Characterization and Alkaline hydrolysis of Sodium salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Sodium Alginate–g–Poly(acrylonitrile)
Authors: Trivedi Jignesh H. , Chourasia Arvind V. , Trivedi Harikrishna C.
Published: August 2022

An efficient redox initiating system, ceric ammonium nitrate/nitric acid (CAN/HNO3) was employed first time to carry out photo-induced graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto Sodium salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Sodium alginate (Na-PCMSA, DS¯ = 1.10). The synthesis was optimized through the variation of different reaction variables in terms of determination of the highest grafting yields (%G = 316.53 and %GE = 99.31). The formation of graft copolymers was confirmed by IR spectral data. The thermal behavior of the graft copolymer, Na-PCMSA-g-PAN, was obtained from TGA. The optimally synthesized graft copolymer was hydrolyzed in alkaline medium to obtain the hydrogel, H-Na-PCMSA-g-PAN. The swelling characteristics of the hydrogel were preliminary investigated. The morphology of the hydrogel was studied using SEM. The chemical structure and thermal characteristics of the hydrogel were also investigated.
Long-term tracking with Transformer and Template update
Authors: Hongying Zhang , Xiaowen Peng , Xuyong Wang
Published: August 2022

Aiming at the tracking failure due to the disappearance of the target in the long-term target tracking process, this paper proposes a long-term target tracking network based on visual transformer and template update. First of all, Deit based on the transformer is utilized for feature extraction, and local features with their global dependencies are efficiently extracted by the distillation strategy. Secondly, the encoder of the modeling transformer is used to fully integrate the target features with the features in the search area, and the decoder is used to learn the location information in the target query. Then, target predictions are performed on the information from the encoder-decoder to obtain tracking results. Finally, the reliability of the dynamic template is judged by the score prediction head before tracking the next frame. We perform extensive experiments on the LaSOT、VOT2021-LT、TrackingNet and UAV123 datasets. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our model in long-term tracking.