bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTATION OF MARKETING COMMUNICATION POLICY OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION: REGIONAL CONTEXT
Authors:   Private Higher Education Establishment "Academician Stepan Demianchuk International University of Economics and Humanities", Demydiuk Serhii , Kraychuk Serhii ,   Rivne State University of Humanities, Khomych Sergii ,   Rivne State University of Humanities
Published: February 2025

The article examines the marketing communication policies of higher education institutions amidst growing competition and regional differentiation in the educational services market. It highlights the formation of communication strategies considering social and economic challenges such as demographic changes, migration, and economic instability. Regional aspects, including adaptation to local markets, population mobility, and household income levels, are analyzed to understand their impact on education choices. The research explores differentiated pricing strategies to attract students from various social groups, focusing on competitive advantages like cost optimization, discounts, and flexible financial conditions. Monitoring competitors’ pricing policies is emphasized as part of strategic management. The effectiveness of modern marketing tools, including SEO, contextual advertising, targeted social media campaigns, PR, and affiliate programs, is assessed. The role of image events, exhibitions, and public relations in enhancing brand recognition is also detailed. The article advocates an integrated marketing approach tailored to regional contexts and target audiences, combining online and offline communication channels to expand reach and build long-term relationships. Recommendations for improving marketing communications in the context of digital transformation and demographic challenges are provided.
Imbibition of Seeds of Mexican Seepweed (Suaeda mexicana) and Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) in Saline Solutions and its Effect on Germination and Initial Growth
Authors: Trejo Téllez Libia Iris , Guevara-Olivar Brenda K. , Gómez-Merino Fernando C. , Ruiz Posadas Lucero del Mar , Hernández-Andrade Eréndira E. , Fernández-´Pavía Y. Leticia
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the effect of salinity sources and concentrations, as well as the interaction of these study factors on the increase in seed mass during imbibition, germination and initial growth of Mexican seepweed (Suaeda mexicana) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea) seedlings were measured.
Design/methodology/approach: Seeds of Mexican seepweed (Suaeda mexicana) and purslane (Portulaca oleracea) from the agricultural area of Tláhuac and San Gregorio Atlapulco, Xochimilco, Mexico City were used. They were incubated for 3 h in 15 saline solutions, which resulted from the combination of three sources: NaCl, Na2SO4, and CaCl2; and five concentrations: 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 M. The seeds were incubated in Petri dishes at 28 °C in 80%relative humidity. The increase in seed mass gained after the imbibition period, germination percentage, and radicle and shoot length of the seedling were determined.
Results: The 0.25 M NaCl treatment increased germination in Mexican seepweed; in contrast, doses higher than 0.25 M of CaCl2 and Na2SO4 significantly reduced germination, as well as shoot growth. NaCl causes less inhibition of Mexican seepweed radicle growth than the other sources. In purslane, the 0.25 M CaCl2 treatment significantly reduced germination; but it stimulates radicle growth. The Na2SO4 and NaCl sources at doses starting at 0.5 M inhibited germination in purslane.
Limitations of the study/implications: No certified germplasm was used for this study, since the seed was obtained directly from producers who maintain semi-domesticated native accessions.
Findings/conclusions: Mexican seepweed is tolerant to NaCl and Na2SO4, but sensitive to CaCl2; this was also observed in purslane, although the ranges of tolerance to the concentration vary between salinity sources.
Applying Artificial Intelligence Techniques For Resource Management in the Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Othmen Salwa , Mansouri Wahida , Khdhir Radhia
Published: February 2025

Internet of Things (IoT) applications in smart cities (SCs) rely on free-flow services streamlined by artificial intelligence (AI) paradigms. However, the nature of resource constraint prevails due to external infrastructure costs and energy-based allocations. Existing approaches to smart city resource distribution rely on static thresholds or reactive responses, which are not always sufficient. These approaches may limit system performance and scalability in dynamic IoT environments owing to increased energy consumption, postponed resource allocation, and frequent device failures. This article introduces a Concerted Resource Management (CRM) using the Leveled Reinforcement Training (LRT) method. The proposed method accurately identifies cost-complex and high energy-consuming sharing intervals based on service response time and device failure. The reinforcement learning and training concerts both energy and device incorporations for SC applications based on its demand. This process requires leveled training in resource management, from energy depletion to device activeness. The interrupted sessions are identified using resource allocation failures, and the active resources with optimal energy expenses are selected to pursue resource management. The training method thus identifies the demands based on independent or concerted resource allocations to mitigate the management constraints in an SC environment. This proposed method reduces the resource constraint-based waiting for allocations and allocation failures in any SC application services. Under the varying devices, the following is observed: Improvements: 9.1% (Allocation Rate), 10% (Device Detection), 11.88% (Constraint Mitigation— Energy), 9.06% (Constraint Mitigation—Resource Allocation); Reduced: 8.01% (Allocation Failure), 9.64% (Waiting Time).
Design and Implementation of a Novel 5G Hairpin Bandpass Filter with Defected Ground Structure
Authors: Abdalkadum Shandal Shereen
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a three-pole hairpin resonator is designed, simulated, and fabricated on the top layer of the FR4 substrate. Recent trends in miniature size and improved filter performance, particularly in terms of scattering parameters and wider bandwidth, have increased demand for such filters. This filter uses two different Defect Ground Structure (DGS) techniques utilizing the top and ground layers. The first Defect Ground Structure (DGS) technique incorporates two dumbbells and rectangular slots beneath two feed lines, resulting in a unique and modified bandpass filter design. In the second DGS, a series of grooves embedded at three hairpin resonators provide a more compact size and enhanced scattering parameters with wider bandwidth, which is considered an improvement of this design over the existing works. The simulation results use High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software. Parametric optimization has been conducted; the optimized values of three significant parameters are 4mm length of tap Lt, 0,4mm space between resonators S, and (3×9)mm2 area of rectangular slot (DGS2). The presented filter resonates at 2.5 GHz center frequency with a -3dB fractional bandwidth of 22.4%. The acquired values of insertion loss (S21) and return loss (S11) at the passband are -1.6dB and -54.19dB, respectively, with a flat group delay. The design validity has been verified using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) simulation software and a fabricated prototype. The fabrication results match the simulations excellently, making the suggested filter suitable for various fifth-generation (5G) applications.
Multipath Routing Algorithm to find Optimal Path in SDN with POX Controller
Authors: Goteti Deepthi , Rasheed Imran
Published: February 2025

The past decade witnessed a tremendous increase in network usage, and traditional network architecture is needed to sustain modern requirements with high throughput and minute delay. This leads to the introduction of software-defined networks. Congestion is a critical problem that needs attention, so identifying the optimal path is required to eliminate the congestion. Researchers introduce rigorous studies to identify optimal paths, some resulting in less data loss and delay. Identifying multiple paths between nodes may eliminate congestion. When the first best path is congested, selecting the second best path between nodes can solve the congestion problem. With this ideology, the multipath routing algorithm is developed and tested on Fat Tree, Custom, and Tree topologies, and performance is measured using quality of service factors. Considering Throuhput, Fat Tree produced 27.15% better throughput than the tree topology and 17.57% better than the custom topology, Whereas in the case of jitter, fat tree topology reduces jitter by about 90.36%compared to the tree topology, but custom topology reduces jitter by about 12.24% compared to the fat-tree topology. In the packet delivery ratio, fat tree topology reduces packet loss by about 77.87% compared to the tree topology. Fat tree topology reduces packet loss by about 55.62% compared to the custom topology. Fat tree performs best overall, with the highest throughput, lowest packet loss, and significantly reduced jitter compared to the tree and custom topologies.MiniNet is used to perform simulations. TCP and UDP flows are calculated with the iperf tool and tested on the POX Controller.
OPTIMALISASI COMMUNITY BASED TOURISM DAN PENGUATAN JALUR REMPAH NUSANTARA SEBAGAI PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: SIREGAR AISYAH ASTINADIA
Published: February 2025

Penguatan jalur rempah nusantara sebagai bentuk perwujudan perdagangan rempah yang menjadi komoditi untuk menggerakkan sejarah dan peta dunia. Jalur rempah sebagai simbol budaya dari masyarakat yang menghubungkan bumi nusantara dari pulau ke pulau dan menghubungkan nusantara dari berbagai bangsa yang menghasilkan persilangan budaya antar etnis. Jalur rempah juga menciptakan dinamika pada tatanan kehidupan masyarakat di nusantara. Penguatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan income generating yang signifikan sebagai daya tarik wisatawan.
Pada optimalisasi ini komunitas masyarakat penghasil rempah dapat merumuskan ide solutif dalam bentuk pengabdian dan pemberdayaan masyarakat sebagai icon unggulan yang bertujuan untuk penguatan ke jalur rempah nusantara berbasis one village one product (OVOP) melalu pelatihan legalitas usaha, manajemen wisata, dan online marketing. Metode pengabdian dan pemberdayan yang diterapkan adalah Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) dengan menekankan partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa wisata. Hasil dari pengabdian dan pemberdayaan ini memberikan dampak pada menguatnya jalur rempah nusantara sebagai pariwisata berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci : Optimalisasi, Community Based Tourism, jalur rempah, pariwisata berkelanjutan.
Вибір варіанта зразка озброєння за тактико-технічними характеристиками і вартістю з використанням методу послідовних поступок
Authors: Загорка І.
Published: February 2025

Під час прийняття рішення про створення нового зразка озброєння звичайно розглядається кілька його варіантів, які можуть відрізнятися принципами побудови, складом елементів, принципами функціонування тощо. При цьому з використанням аналітичних методів, моделювання, методів експертного оцінювання визначаються характеристики варіантів зразка озброєння, які можуть бути реалізовані в умовах його застосування. Під час вибору варіанта зразка озброєння для розробки за сукупністю визначених характеристик і показників вартості потрібно використовувати відповідну методику, розробка якої є важливим науковим і практичним завданням. Така методика також може використовуватися під час вибору зразка озброєння для закупівлі.
Мета статті полягає у розробленні методики вибору варіанта зразка озброєння за його характеристиками і вартістю з використанням методу послідовних поступок.
Застосування методу послідовних поступок для вибору варіанта зразка озброєння передбачає впорядкування тактико-технічних характеристик за важливістю. З метою визначення еквівалентних варіантів зразка озброєння для конечної характеристики задається поступка. Суть методу полягає у виділенні спочатку множини варіантів зразка озброєння, які задовольняють відповідну поступку за найбільш важливою характеристикою. Якщо такий варіант єдиний, то він вважається найкращим, якщо їх кілька, то з них виділяються ті, що задовольняють поступку за другою характеристикою і так далі. Наведена структурна схеми методики.
У подальшому планується здійснити порівняння застосування методу послідовних поступок з іншими методами, зокрема таксономії.
Bayesian Identifying One or Two Close Sources by Gaussian Estimates of Planar Location under Double Emission
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Russian Federation, Gerasimov Oleg I.
Published: February 2025

In case the separation for the parameters of interest appears below the resolution limit of the estimator, the ambiguity arises
whether the two parameter estimates relate to one source emitted twice or to two close sources emitted once. The paper
develops novel Bayes technique aimed to identify one/two closely spaced sources having a pair of Gaussian estimates of
planar location as parameter. Prior probabilities of the one/two-sources hypotheses are available from the analysis of the
physical characteristics of the emissions, assuming that they can be equally probable. The technique calculates minimal and
maximal posterior probabilities of the hypotheses across all the positions at a given distance between them. When the minimal
probability of one source is bigger than the maximal probability of two sources the decision is adopted in favor of one source
and vice versa. Identification procedure is applied to distinguish two planar location estimates obtained for the users of basic
station network by the time difference of arrival algorithm. The application gives an example of how the procedure revises the
prior probabilities and can change thereby the initial preference with the distance between users.
Phytotic Infections: An Emerging Medical Terminology With Similar Implications Like Zoonotic Infections
Authors:   Phytobiotechnology Research Foundation (PRF) Research Group, Imo State University State, Owerri, Claretian University Nigeria, Nigeria, Yongabi Anchang Kenneth
Published: February 2025

Background: For the first time in the history of medicine and public health, we observed some clinical
situations where a parasitic infection on a plant infects humans and other animals and vice versa and
is unfamiliar in medicine and plant pathology nor in veterinary medicine. We noted that this is similar
to the kind of situation where diseases from animals are transmissible to humans and versa, but in
this situation, transmission is between plants and humans and vice versa. The medical description we
termed as Phytotic Infections and we copyrighted (LW14008) and trademarked 29680 in Africa, as a
novel medical term. This is similar but in sharp contrast to a well-known medical concept of Zoonosis
in which an infection from an animal infects humans and vice versa but in phytotic infections, certain
conditions such as immune suppression occur to enhance or trigger trans kingdom transmission while
in zoonotic infections, immune suppression is not a clinical obligation.
Purpose: We detailed clinical cases from patients suffering phytotic infections exhibiting trans-kingdom
transmission of infection from plants to humans and vice versa -a phenomenon that exist and has not
been considered in medical studies. In this case, unlike in zoonosis, this infection from plants to humans
and vice versa, only occurs with conditions where the human is in an immunosuppressed situation or
change in habitat due to climate change.
Methods: A mixed study methods was employed based on clinical observations, clinical lived experience
with patients, bacteriological and mycological laboratory as well as molecular diagnostic tools were
employed. Four clinical cases of patients in different immunocompromised situation were carefully
studied; A leukaemia patient, diabetes situation and two clinical cases of HIV/AIDs were under studied,
clinically.
Result and Conclusion: A first line generic observation is that without immunosuppression and altered
environmental conditions, phytotic infections in the way defined here, may rarely occur. Previously,
Phytosis-phytoses in dictionaries has been defined as an infection of a plant with or a disease caused by
parasitic fungus which is aptly referred to as phytopathology, as well as dermatophytosis where a fungus
from animals infects humans but hasn’t defined whether, from humans the same fungus can infects plants
and other animals. In our study, Phytosic and in plural Phytotics- is defined for the first time a new
phenomenon in medicine orchestrated by change in environmental conditions and immune suppression
in humans and other primates.
Fournier's Gangrene: Epidemiological, Clinical And Therapeutic Aspects At The General Surgery Department Of The Ignace Deen National Hospital
Authors:   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Mohamed Kaba , Konaté Adama ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Moussa Diakité ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Camara Sayon Karifa ,   Visceral Surgery Department, CMC Ratoma, Conakry, Guinea, Keita Doubany Mariame ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Diawara Albert Mohamed ,   Visceral Surgery Department, CMC Ratoma, Conakry, Guinea, Illah Barry Thierno ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Konaté Lancinet ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Camara Emile ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Amadou Diallo ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Ansoumane Condé ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Kondano Saa Yao ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Naby Fofana ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Housseine Fofana ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea, Touré Aboubacar ,   General Surgery Department, Ignace Deen National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The aim was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of
Fournier's Gangrene in the General Surgery Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital.
Patients and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting 5 years from January 1, 2018
to December 31, 2022, on the files of patients operated on for Fournier's gangrene.
Results: We collected 26 cases of Fournier's gangrene, representing a frequency of 0.5% of the reasons
for surgical interventions. The mean age was 49.08 ± 16.87 years with extremes of 26 and 77 years.
There was a male predominance of 92.3% with a sex ratio of 12. The clinical picture was dominated by
pain (100%), large scrotum (100%) and edema (80.7%). Risk factors were dominated by diabetes and
age (60 years). Medical treatment was dominated by antibiotic therapy and rehydration solutions. The
result of surgical treatment was satisfactory in 84.6% of cases, the main complication was septic shock
3 cases (11.5%), followed by anemia 1 case (3.8%), mortality was 4 cases or 15.3%.
Conclusion: Fournier's gangrene is a medical-surgical or urological emergency, it is a serious and
rare condition. The prognosis is conditioned by the early diagnosis and management of the extension of
gangrene and the often associated comorbidities
Formulasi Ekstrak Bunga Kembang Bulan Tithonia Diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray Dalam Sediaan Serum Sunscreen
Authors: Fitri Dewi Rahma , Fajar In Rahmi Fatria , Syafei Dedri
Published: February 2025

Salah satu kosmetik yang dapat digunakan untuk melindungi kulit wajah adalah serum. Serum merupakan sediaan cair konsentrat tinggi dengan kemampuan penetrasi lebih dalam menghantarkan bahan aktif ke dalam kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat formula serum wajah dari ekstrak bunga kembang bulan sebagai antioksidan dan tabir surya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Ekstraksi bunga kembang bulan (Tihthonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray) mengunakan etanol 70% dan dipekatkan menggunakan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak kental dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dan penentuan nilai Sun Protection Faktor (SPF) menggunakan metode spektrofotometer UV VIS. Nilai SPF dihitung menggunakan metode Mansur. Formula basis serum dilakukan optimasi penggunaan Tween 80 dan Span 80 untuk mendapatkan formula basis terbaik selanjutnya dibuat formula serum sunscreen. Kosentrasi ekstrak bunga kembang bulan berdasarkan nilai IC50 ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai IC50 ekstrak adalah 129, 2 ppm dan nilai SPF ekstrak berturut-turut kosentrasi 100ppm, 200ppm, 300ppm, 400ppm, dan 500ppm adalah 14, 16, 19, 22 dan 33. Hal ini menunjukkan nilai SPF ekstrak bunga kembang bulan masuk kategori maksimal dan ultra. Diperoleh formula basis terbaik adalah kombinasi Tween 80 3,75 dan Span 80 1,25. Hasil diperoleh dari Analisa menggunakan Simple Lattice Desain menggunakan software Desain Expert. Formula serum dibuat menjadi F1, F2 dan F3, dimana F1 adalah basis serum, F2 formula serum dengan kadar ekstrak 1,29 gram dan F3 formula serum dengan kadar ekstrak 2,58 gram. Ketiga formula serum sunscreen mempunyai nilai SPF berturut-turut adalah F1 17, F2 21 dan F3 31. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ketiga formula serum sunscreen mempunyai sifat fisik yang memenuhi persyaratan sediaan topikal yaitu homogen, pH 5, daya sebar 5-7 cm viskositas 1000-7000 cps dan ketiga formula mempunyai nilai SPF dengan kategori proteksi ultra.
Cardiac computed tomography-derived coronary artery volume to myocardial mass for the prediction of risk stratification for acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Ding E. , Chen Liang , Wei Xiao-yu , You De-shu , Pan Chang-jie
Published: February 2025

Purpose

The study aimed to assess various characteristics of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in patients presenting with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Additionally, the research sought to investigate the predictive value of the coronary artery volume to myocardial mass (V/M) derived from CCTA in risk stratification for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to determine the relationship between the V/M ratio and the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score in ACS.

Methods

This was a single-center, retrospective study. The magnitude of V/M was investigated in patients with ACS (n = 168), stable angina pectoris (SAP) (n = 160), and healthy controls (n = 122) among 450 patients with suspected CAD who did not require urgent angiography. Patients underwent CCTA for 0.5–6 months (median 3.3 months) before the SAP and ACS event. All patients underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) at the time of the SAP and ACS event. The Mantel test was used to assess the factors influencing risk stratification in CAD. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the accuracy of the V/M ratio in predicting ACS. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to analyze the correlation between V/M and GRACE risk score, and independent predictors of high GRACE risk score were screened using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

The Mantel test analysis shows that the key factors of ACS were left ventricle myocardial mass (M), V/M, and coronary CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) (p < 0.01). The V/M ratio in ACS and SAP was significantly lower than in controls (21.7 ± 6.96, 31.0 ± 9.90, vs. 43.3 ± 11.50 mm3/g; p < 0.001). Lower V/M ratios were found with the progression of CAD from SAP to unstable angina pectoris (UAP) to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (17.8 ± 5.30, 24.3 ± 6.70, vs. 31.0 ± 9.90 mm3/g; p < 0.001). ROC analysis shows that V/M outperformed FFRCT, % DS in predicting ACS [AUC: 0.78 [95% CI: 0.74–0.83] vs. 0.74 [95% CI: 0.69–0.79], 0.60 [95% CI: 0.53–0.64]], and the combined AUC of the three increased significantly, reaching 0.80 [95%(CI): 0.76–0.85]. Furthermore, in the subgroup of ACS patients, the results of Pearson correlation analysis shows that the GRACE risk score of ACS patients was significantly negatively correlated with the V/M ratio and V/M was found to be an independent predictor of GRACE risk score >140 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The V/M ratio is valuable for stratified risk prediction of ACS and is independently associated with the GRACE risk score.
Higher vasoactive usage despite hemodynamic goals is associated with higher mortality in acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock
Authors: Ortega-Hernández Jorge A. , González-Pacheco Héctor , Araiza-Garaygordobil Diego , Gopar-Nieto Rodrigo , Sierra-Lara-Martínez Daniel , Manzur-Sandoval Daniel , Briseño-De-La-Cruz José Luis , Mendoza-García Salvador , Montañez-Orozco Álvaro , Arzate-Ramírez Arturo , Arenas-Díaz José Omar , Gómez-Rodríguez César A. , Santos-Alfaro Hector Antonio , Hernández-Montfort Jaime , Arias-Mendoza Alexandra
Published: February 2025

Background

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with high mortality. Few studies have examined the selection and subsequent choice of vasoactive agents in CS. This study investigates the impact of vasoactive drug use and in-hospital outcomes among AMI-CS.

Materials and methods

A total of 309 patients who underwent pulmonary artery catheterization between 2006 and 2021 were categorized by the number of vasoactive drugs used (0–1, 2, or >2). Clinical and 24 h hemodynamic data were analyzed. Primary outcomes explored the correlation between vasoactive use and in-hospital mortality. Secondary analyses assessed hemodynamic changes and estimated mortality probabilities at different intervals using logistic regression.

Results

In total, 57 patients received 0–1, 76 received 2, and 176 received >2 vasoactive drugs. The median age was 61 years; most were men (82%), and 82.8% had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. End-organ function showed progressive deterioration with escalating vasoactive use. Survival analysis revealed an increased mortality in the >2 vasoactive group [HRadj = 4.62 (2.07–10.32)], achieving ≥5/6 hemodynamic goals that did not mitigate mortality [HRadj = 7.18 (1.59–32.39)]. Subgroup analyses within patients who reached different hemodynamic goals reiterated adverse outcomes associated with >2 vasoactives (P < 0.05). Further analysis showed that vasopressin was associated with the highest mortality in a time-dependent fashion [HRDay1, 8.77 (6.04–12.75) → HRDay30, 1.23 (0.8–1.87)], and levosimendan had similar behavior [HRDay1, 2.67 (1.82–3.91) → HRDay30, 0.66 (0.42–1.03)].

Conclusions

A significant association between the number of vasoactives and in-hospital mortality was found in AMI-CS, which requires future long-term studies to explore the role of vasoactive drug therapies and early temporary mechanical circulatory support.
Usefulness of lumbar puncture educational videos for older people with HIV
Authors: Tiwari Chhitij , Copperthite Keely , Morgan Tia , Oakes Jonathan , Troiani Luigi , Evans Chris , Napravnik Sonia , Farel Claire E. , Diaz Monica M.
Published: February 2025

Background

Video-based education offers opportunities to enhance patients' medical literacy and to reduce anxiety and hesitation for patients undergoing diagnostic procedures such as lumbar puncture (LP). Multiple studies centered on LP education have demonstrated that video-based education can reduce anxiety regarding possible adverse events, while increasing literacy regarding the procedure itself for clinical purposes. Our study sought to assess the impact of video-based education on knowledge of and willingness to undergo an LP among older people with HIV (PWH).

Methods

We enrolled PWH age ≥ 50 years who regularly attend our Infectious Diseases clinic between March 3 and November 16, 2023. Participants watched a patient-centered educational video explaining the LP procedure and completed a questionnaire both pre- and post-video assessing demographics, general awareness and prior experience with an LP, specific knowledge, attitudes and perceptions toward an LP and willingness to undergo an LP.

Results

Our study included 99 PWH with mean (standard deviation, SD) age of 58.8 (5.7) years, one-third females and 60% African American/Black race. After watching the video, participants were significantly more likely to correctly identify technical details of the procedure (excluding those who had previously had an LP, 83.7% pre-video vs. 95.9% post-video) and common complications of an LP; agree that LPs can result in back pain (p < 0.001) and headaches (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in participants' willingness to undergo an LP for diagnostic or research purposes. Only 5% said that they would never have an LP under any circumstance after watching the video.

Conclusions

Other educational interventions, such as in-person demonstrations or models, may help mitigate fears of LP. Our study provides important insight into the knowledge and perceptions of PWH when asked to undergo an LP and demonstrates that video-based education may not be sufficient to mitigate fears surrounding LP procedures, or a lack of interest or time for participating in an LP.
Time domain analysis of flyback EMI based on distributed parameters theory
Authors: Liu Baiyi , Li Rui , Ji Jianqiang , Wang Yiming , Xu Po
Published: February 2025

The electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a key issue for most of electric or electronic devices, the researches of suitable analysis methods and solutions absorb much attentions. The research about electromagnetic interference (EMI) is normally based on two approaches (i.e., time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis). The frequency domain analysis is easier to apply theoretical model to analyze the circuit loop impedance of EMI noise which can provide guidance of EMI suppression, but it cannot reflect the real amplitude of EMI noise without the real waveforms of noise sources. The time domain analysis is usually based on circuit simulation to get the EMI noise directly, but it is time consuming. In order to combine the advantages of these two approaches, this paper proposes a high frequency equivalent circuit model of flyback converter and analyze the effect of each distributed parameters on the common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) noise. The experimental result verified the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method, which not only can correctly reflect the real waveforms of the circuit, but also can predict the EMI noise based on the constructed waveforms.
Postprandial triglyceride levels affecting postprandial thyroid stimulating hormone levels may be responsible for the increased postprandial thyroid stimulating hormone levels in people with reduced lipid tolerance
Authors: Tian Peipei , Zeng Shaojing , Hou Yilin , Liu Dandan , Lu Yamin , Song Guangyao
Published: February 2025

Objective

In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between postprandial triglyceride (TG) and postprandial thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and compare the postprandial TSH levels in participants with normal lipid tolerance and reduced lipid tolerance.

Methods

A total of 81 eligible participants were enrolled and given a high-fat meal of 1500 kcal, and blood samples were collected at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting and postprandial TG, triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), and TSH levels were tested. Based on the postprandial serum TG level, participants were divided into the normal lipid tolerance group (NFT) and the decreased lipid tolerance group (IFT).

Results

Postprandial TG levels increased in both the NFT and IFT groups and then decreased over time. A higher and delayed peak of postprandial TG was observed in the IFT group, and there were statistically significant differences in TG levels at each time point in both groups. The area under the curve (TGAUC) was an independent influencing factor for the area under the curve (TSHAUC) of TSH. Postprandial TSH levels in both groups reached a trough at 2 h and peaked at 6 h, with a higher peak in the IFT group. Except for 2 h, TSH levels were significantly different at all other time points. There was no statistically significant difference in T3 or T4 levels between the two groups, with opposite trends for TSH.

Conclusion

After a high-fat meal is consumed, the postprandial TSH level is influenced by the postprandial TG level, which may be the reason for the decreased thyroid function in the population with reduced lipid tolerance.

Clinical Trial Registration

http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier ChiCTR1800019514.
Designing a potent multivalent epitope vaccine candidate against Orientia tsutsugamushi via reverse vaccinology technique - bioinformatics and immunoinformatic approach
Authors: Panda Subhasmita , Swain Subrat Kumar , Sahu Basanta Pravas , Mahapatra Soumya Ranjan , Dey Jyotirmayee , Sarangi Rachita , Ranade Anu Vinod , Mishra Namrata
Published: February 2025

Scrub typhus is a life-threatening, undifferentiated febrile illness caused by a gram-negative bacterium, Orientia tsutsugamushi. The bacterial strain is a global health concern that should be considered. Despite several years of effort for the development of an effective immunogenic vaccine, no successful licensed vaccine is available. The aim of the study is to construct an epitope response using a reverse vaccinology approach. The TSA56 and ScaA proteins combined can be the most promising subunit vaccine candidates against O. tsutsugamushi. B-cell, CTL, and HTL epitopes were predicted, and subsequently, all the epitopes were linked by KK, AAY, and GPGPG linkers, respectively, along with an adjuvant at the N-terminal region. Furthermore, molecular docking and MD simulations were performed that exhibited a higher affinity towards TLR-2. A total of 16 linear B-cells, 6 CTL, and 2 HTL epitopes were identified and validated. The final vaccine construct showed high antigenicity, stability, and solubility. Molecular docking and MD simulations indicated strong binding interactions with TLR-2 and a stable vaccine-receptor complex. The expression of the vaccine in pET28a (+) vector was successfully implemented via in silico cloning as well as significant results from immune simulation demonstrated the efficacy of the vaccine in the immune cell interaction during the innate and adaptive immune responses immune simulation. In conclusion, the outcome suggested that the newly developed vaccine will be a promising candidate for controlling and providing definitive preventive measures against scrub typhus if further investigation is conducted experimentally.
Dachaihu decoction ameliorates abnormal behavior by regulating gut microbiota in rats with propionic acid-induced autism
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Li Hang , Li Bolin , Li Yizhuang , Chai Xuejun , Li Sheng , Xue Xia , Li Honglei , Zhao Yonghong , Tang Youcai , Yin Baoqi , Zhao Pengju , Li Enyao , Feng Pengya
Published: February 2025

Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, usually accompanied by gut microbiota dysregulation. Gut microbiota homeostasis is considered effective for ASD. Reportedly, Dachaihu decoction (DCHD) can efficiently regulate gut microbiota and inflammation. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of DCHD in the treatment of ASD remain unclear.

Objective

This study investigated the potential effects and mechanisms of DCHD in treating ASD.

Methods

In the animal experiment, propionic acid was administered to construct an ASD rat model. The ASD rats were treated with DCHD, and the efficacy was assessed using the behavioral detections, such as open field test, elevated plus maze test, novel object recognition test. Additionally, the levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, T-SOD, MDA, GSH and CAT were determined using kits, and histological staining was used to evaluate brain morphology. Moreover, tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) expression levels were evaluated using RT-qPCR, whereas Iba1 expression level was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. The 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomic analysis of feces revealed the potential targets of DCHD against ASD. In a small human trail, the clinical scales ADOS-2 and Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) assessed autism severity. Gastrointestinal problems and brain function were evaluated based on food intolerance and event-related potential, respectively.

Results

DCHD significantly improved autism-like behaviors and increased antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased inflammation and enhanced the intestinal barrier by the animal experiment. Furthermore, the DCHD treatment altered the gut microbiota profile, with increased probiotics Adlercreutzia, Parvibacter, Turicibacter, and Christensenellaceae. Further, DCHD increased the beneficial metabolite indole-3-acetate and decreased the cognitive impairment-related metabolites asymmetric dimethylarginine and homogentisic acid. Meanwhile, the small clinical trial revealed that DCHD significantly alleviated the core symptoms of ASD, with decreased ADOS-2 and ABC scale scores. DCHD also decreased the levels of specific egg white/yolk and milk IgG antibodies and shortened the MMN and P3b latencies.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that DCHD may alleviate ASD via inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and modulating the gut microbiota in rats. Combined with human trial, DCHD may be a promising drug for treating ASD. This study provides a scientific rationale for treating mental disorders related to gut microbiota dysbiosis.
Calcium-dependent adhesion protein CDH18, a potential biomarker for prognosis in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Tang Xiaoxuan , Dang Shanxing , Qiu Jie , Zhou Ruilan , Ling Jing , Zhang Limei , Peng Xiaopeng , Li Qingyun , Liu Jin , Liao Wei , Mei Qingxiu , Xie Miao , Sun Yehong , Huang Jianmei , Du Xuelian , Song Wencong
Published: February 2025

Background

Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common cancers in women, yet lacks specific and sensitive tumor markers for diagnosis, as traditional markers like CA125 show limited specificity. This study investigates the clinical significance and prognostic value of CDH18, a calcium-dependent adhesion protein linked to tumor progression, in UCEC.

Methods

Clinical data from UCEC patients were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Pan-cancer analysis, differential expression examination, and survival analysis were conducted to investigate the differential expression of the calcium associated protein-CDH18 and its prognostic relevance. CDH18 mutations in UCEC were examined using the cBioPortal database. Additional analyses included functional enrichment, tumor mutational burden, tumor microenvironment (TME) estimates via ESTIMATE, and immune infiltration assessment to clarify CDH18’s potential mechanisms in UCEC. Drug sensitivity testing was utilized to identify more suitable therapeutic options for patients. Immunofluorescence staining (IF) and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction techniques (RT-PCR) confirmed CDH18 expression in UCEC tumor.

Results

CDH18 expression was markedly increased in UCEC and showed a significant association with poorer prognosis, which was confirmed by our IF and RT-PCR results. Thirteen mutation sites were identified, and survival analysis showed that patients with higher CDH18 expression had shorter overall survival. The expression of CDH18 was confirmed to be an independent predictor of overall survival by multivariate COX regression analysis. Additionally, a predictive nomogram model was developed to accurately forecast outcomes for individuals with UCEC. Correlation analysis revealed that CDH18 expression exhibited a negative correlation with CD8 T cell levels and a positive correlation with resting NK cell and macrophage M2 levels. In the group with high CDH18 expression, the IC50 values for (5Z)-7-Oxozeaenol, AG-014699, CEP-701, Mitomycin C, PD-0325901, PD-0332991, PHA-665752, SL 0101-1, and SN-38 were notably elevated.

Conclusion

CDH18 is a novel promising biomarker in UCEC, uniquely associating tumor progression, immune modulation, and chemotherapy resistance, offering enhanced prognostic accuracy and guiding individualized therapeutic strategies for improved patient outcomes.
Non-pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: an update
Authors: Wang Shaofen , Xu Haochen , Liu Guangdong , Chen Limei
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that significantly impairs memory, cognitive function, and the ability to perform daily tasks. The pathological features of AD include β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuronal loss. Current AD treatments target pathological changes but often fail to noticeably slow disease progression and can cause severe complications, limiting their effectiveness. In addition to therapies targeting the core pathology of AD, a more comprehensive approach may be needed for its treatment. In recent years, non-pharmacological treatments such as physical therapy, exercise therapy, cell therapy, and nanoparticles have shown great potential in mitigating disease progression and alleviating clinical symptoms. This article reviews recent advances in non-pharmacological treatment approaches for AD, highlighting their contributions to AD management and facilitating the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies.
Neuroimaging advances in neurocognitive disorders among HIV-infected individuals
Authors: Wang Han , Jiu Xiaolin , Wang Zihua , Zhang Yanwei
Published: February 2025

Although combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been widely applied and effectively extends the lifespan of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), these patients remain at a substantially increased risk of developing neurocognitive impairment, commonly referred to as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an indispensable tool for characterizing the brain function and structure. In this review, we focus on the applications of various MRI-based neuroimaging techniques in individuals infected with HIV. Functional MRI, structural MRI, diffusion MRI, and quantitative MRI have all contributed to advancing our comprehension of the neurological alterations caused by HIV. It is hoped that more reliable evidence can be achieved to fully determine the driving factors of cognitive impairment in HIV through the combination of multi-modal MRI and the utilization of more advanced neuroimaging analysis methods.
Ultrasound-based measurement of optic nerve sheath to evaluate increased intracranial pressure on patients in emergency department
Authors: Jiang Hai-dan , Shao Hua-guo , Pan Lin , Li Hui
Published: February 2025

Background and aims

Recent studies reported that non-invasive imaging techniques for measuring optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) offer a novel diagnostic approach for intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation. However, whether ultrasound-measured ONSD sensitively evaluate the real-time ICP is unknown. This study explores the ability of different measurement modalities to predict ICP elevation, aiming to provide a superior non-invasive ICP monitoring technique for clinical practice.

Methods

Optic nerve sheath (ONS) measurement using three modalities and ICP of 104 patients collected from January 2018 to May 2021 were analysis by correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results

Significant correlations were observed between ICP and ONS measurement using three modalities (p < 0.001). According to the ROC analysis, if ONS long diameter > 5.55 mm, ONS vertical diameter > 5.75 mm, left ONS area > 25.05 mm2 or right ONS area > 25.73 mm2, the patient was considered to have elevated ICP.

Conclusion

Ultrasonic transverse scanning, longitudinal scanning, and area-based measurement of the retrobulbar ONS are excellent screening tools for the diagnosis of ICP. These three methods exhibited nearly identical levels of correlation, sensitivity, and specificity. All three measurement approaches demonstrated capabilities in diagnosing elevated ICP.
Deciphering motor dysfunction and microglial activation in mThy1-α-synuclein mice: a comprehensive study of behavioral, gene expression, and methylation changes
Authors: McGregor Brett A. , Raihan Md. Obayed , Brishti Afrina , Hur Junguk , Porter James E.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Growing recognition of microglia’s role in neurodegenerative disorders has accentuated the need to characterize microglia profiles and their influence on pathogenesis. To understand changes observed in the microglial profile during the progression of synucleinopathies, microglial gene expression and DNA methylation were examined in the mThy1-α-synuclein mouse model.

Methods

Disease progression was determined using behavioral tests evaluating locomotor deficits before DNA and RNA extraction at 7 and 10 months from isolated microglia for enzymatic methyl-sequencing and RNA-sequencing.

Results

Pathway analysis of these changes at 7 months indicates a pro-inflammatory profile and changes in terms related to synaptic maintenance. Expression and methylation at both 7 and 10 months included terms regarding mitochondrial and metabolic stress. While behavior symptoms progressed at 10 months, we see many previously activated pathways being inhibited in microglia at a later stage, with only 8 of 53 shared pathways predicted to be directionally concordant. Despite the difference in pathway directionality, 21 of the 22 genes that were differentially expressed and annotated to differentially methylated regions at both 7 and 10 months had conserved directionality changes.

Discussion

These results highlight a critical period in disease progression, during which the microglia respond to α-synuclein, suggesting a transition in the role of microglia from the early to late stages of the disease.
Food and nutrient intake at 1 year of age in Northern Sweden: results from the Swedish NICE birth cohort
Authors: Stråvik Mia , Kampouri Mariza , Gustin Klara , Sandin Anna , Wold Agnes E. , Barman Malin , Sandberg Ann-Sofie
Published: February 2025

Dietary habits and nutrient intake early in life are important for long-term health. Here, we examine food and nutrient intake at 1 year of age in the Swedish NICE (Nutritional impact on Immunological maturation during Childhood in relation to the Environment) birth cohort in relation to dietary guidelines and family characteristics. Dietary data was collected using a web-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (TodMeal-Q). Our findings show that intakes of critical micronutrients such as selenium, iodine, and iron were substantially below recommended levels. Also, the dietary patterns observed, characterized by higher protein and lower fat intake compared to recommendations, highlight the need for nutritional guidance to mitigate long-term health risks. Moreover, family dynamics, including the presence of siblings and maternal smoking habits, should be considered in designing effective dietary interventions, as these factors may be indicative of the context in which feeding practices are established.