bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violências no Brasil: que Problemas e Desafios se Colocam à Psicologia?
Authors: Barros João Paulo Pereira , Benicio Luís Fernando de Souza , Bicalho Pedro Paulo Gastalho de
Published: November 2019

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir problemas e desafios colocados à Psicologia por expressões da violência no Brasil, analisando suas implicações éticas na problematização de políticas de subjetivação atuantes nesses cenários. Para essa discussão sobre as expressões da violência, elegemos dois analisadores: os fenômenos do encarceramento em massa e dos homicídios de segmentos juvenis. Nos últimos anos, a Psicologia tem tomado cada vez mais o campo das violências como objeto de discussão, intervenção e produção científica. Isso se materializa fortemente pelas questões sociopolíticas do país, especialmente no que se refere às abordagens policiais, ao encarceramento em massa, ao aumento sistemático/ininterrupto dos homicídios de segmentos infantojuvenis negros, colocando em discussão políticas de aprisionamento e criminalização. Utilizaremos autores que refletem criticamente acerca da colonialidade, a exemplo de Mbembe, dialogando com produções da Psicologia Social que discutem violência. O texto se desenvolverá por meio de três seções. Na primeira, discutiremos a problemática das mortes juvenis e do encarceramento em massa como expressões de uma necropolítica à brasileira. Na segunda, problematizaremos a produção de vidas (in)vivíveis como um dos desafios éticos à Psicologia em contextos de violências. Por último, abordaremos o aceno ético necessário como caminho de construção de uma outra Psicologia.
Consideraciones Metodológicas sobre Investigaciones Sensibles en Metodología Cualitativa
Authors: Pérez-Tarres Alicia , Espinosa Leonor María Cantera , Santos Karine David Andrade , Silva Joilson Pereira da
Published: November 2019

Resumen Algunos/as autores/as estudian y reconocen la dificultad emocional, por parte de quienes participan en investigaciones científicas, de revivir y relatar historias cuando estas se producen en contextos de violencia sea en el ámbito que sea (escuela, pareja, trabajo, etc.). El presente trabajo expone las dificultades metodológicas surgidas en el marco de una investigación cualitativa sobre la violencia laboral en dos países, Brasil y España. El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer a la comunidad científica y política un conjunto de estrategias metodológicas para sortear los obstáculos que aparecen en la realización de una investigación con temática sensible. Las conclusiones de este trabajo indican que es necesario revisar las prácticas metodológicas que se llevan a cabo durante el diseño e implementación del estudio, pues esto puede evitar un perjuicio a los/las participantes e investigadores/as.
Disaggregation of daily rainfall data for the Caraguatatuba city, in São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Martins Daniela , Gandini Maria Luiza Teofilo , Kruk Nadiane Smaha , Queiroz Paulo Ivo Braga
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to present disaggregation coefficients for intense daily rainfalls for E2-046 rainfall station, located at Caraguatatuba, São Paulo state. The data obtained through rain gauge refer to a continuous period (31 years of series) and had a strong correlation with the measurements of the rain gauge, validating the pluviographs reading, which attributed greater reliability to the results. The average coefficient “24 hours”/“1-day” found for the study region was 1.075, which differs significantly from the values found in literature. The relative deviation considering other durations, and consequently other precipitation coefficients in relation to the mean values of the disaggregation values of the E2-046 station reached 22.06% (18 hours/“24 hours”). The relative deviation of rainfall disaggregation coefficients of the station studied in relation to the mean coefficients for the cities of São Paulo State to small durations was quite high, reaching almost 50% (10 minutes /“24 hours”). This reinforces the need of using local disaggregation coefficients.
THE ROLE OF DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MRI OF PATIENTS WITH SPINE METASTASES
Authors: Byvaltsev Vadim Anatol'evich , Stepanov Ivan Andreevich , Kichigin Alexander Ivanovich
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: The role of diffusion-weighted MRI in differential diagnostics and predicting the survival of patients with spine metastases was studied. Methods: The study included data from MRI and morphological studies of 23 patients with spine metastases. Results: The values obtained for the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of tumors were compared with their histological type, cell density and Ki-67 proliferation index. The effect of ADC values on overall patient survival was also assessed. A reliable inverse correlation was established between ADC values and Ki-67 proliferation index for various types of spine metastases (r=-0.753, p=0.017). The dependence of ADC values and overall survival of patients with metastases in the spine is shown. Conclusion: The technique of diffusion-weighted MRI can be used as part of a comprehensive assessment in the preoperative planning of surgical treatment, and as a prognostic factor of overall survival for this group of patients. Level of Evidence II. Prognostic retrospective study,
Water pollution: one of the main Limnology challenges in the Anthropocene
Authors: Quadra Gabrielle Rabelo , Teixeira José Reinaldo Paranaíba Vilela Alves , Barros Nathan , Roland Fábio , Amado André Megali
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Humankind is defining a new geological time. The Anthropocene epoch is marked by changes in the geological processes, hydrological regimes, biosphere structure, among other processes, due to human expansion over the landscape worldwide. Biogeochemical cycle’s acceleration, the high load of pollutants in water resources, rampant deforestation, increase in the greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, eutrophication and biodiversity losses are some indications that reflect human’s pressure over several ecosystems, especially aquatic ones. Therefore, here we reviewed some aspects from a huge anthropogenic influence on ecosystems: water pollution. For decades, humankind has increasingly placed demands on aquatic environments without any concern. As an effect, lakes, rivers, and reservoirs are being globally degraded. Although the interactive effects of future anthropic processes are complex, much of current knowledge suggests that these pressures are likely to increase in magnitude and frequency over the next years. Hence, scientific results need to be articulated in an integrative perspective to expand our understanding of the aquatic resources management. The ecological knowledge generated by scientists must be applied to solve environmental problems enabling human progress sustainably. It is urgent to improve communication and understanding among different sectors of society in favor of water management. Therefore, it will be possible to ensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations by using transdisciplinary tools to understand, mitigate and recover the water resources from these anthropogenic pressures.
Prospective Biomarker Study in Advanced RAS Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer: POSIBA Trial (GEMCAD 10-02)
Authors: García-Albéniz Xabier , Alonso Vicente , Escudero Pilar , Méndez Miguel , Gallego Javier , Rodríguez Jose Ramon , Salud Antonia , Fernández-Plana Julen , Manzano Hermini , Zanui Montserrat , Falcó Ester , Feliu Jaime , Gil Mireia , Fernández-Martos Carlos , Bohn Uriel , Alonso Carmen , Calderero Verónica , Rojo Federico , Cuatrecasas Miriam , Maurel Joan
Published: November 2019

Background

RAS testing is used to select patients with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies sensitivity in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, other biomarkers such as BRAF, PIK3CA/PTEN, and p-IGF-1R+/MMP7+ (double positive [DP] phenotype) have not been prospectively assessed to predict anti-EGFR resistance.

Materials and Methods

We designed a multicenter prospective trial (NCT01276379) to evaluate whether the biomarkers BRAF mutation, PIK3CA mutation/PTEN loss, and DP phenotype can improve the prediction for 12-months progression-free survival (PFS) over the use of clinical variables exclusively in patients with RAS wild-type (WT) mCRC treated with standard chemotherapy plus biweekly cetuximab as first-line therapy. The planned sample size was 170 RAS WT patients to detect a 20% difference in 12-month PFS based on the analysis of clinical and selected biomarkers (α = .05, β = .2). The discriminatory capacity of the biomarkers was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

We included 181 RAS WT patients. The biomarker distribution was as follows: BRAF mutant, 20 patients (11%); PIK3CA mutated/PTEN loss, 98 patients (58%); DP, 23 patients (12.7%). The clinical variables in the clinical score were progression status >0, left-sided tumor, and resectable liver metastasis as the only metastatic site. The area under the curve (AUC) of the score containing the clinical variables was 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60–0.75). The AUC of the score with clinical variables and BRAF mutational status was 0.68 (0.61–0.75, p = .37). The AUC of the score with clinical variables and PI3KCA mutation/PTEN status was 0.69 (0.61–0.76, p = .32). The AUC of the score with clinical variables and DP phenotype was 0.66 (0.58–0.73, p = .09).

Conclusion

The addition of BRAF, PIK3CA/PTEN, and DP to a clinical score does not improve the discrimination of 12-month PFS.

Implications for Practice

This prospective biomarker design study has important clinical implications because many prospective clinical trials are designed with the hypothesis that BRAF mutation per se and MEK and PIK3CA downstream pathways are critical for colorectal tumor survival. The results lead to the question of whether these pathways should be considered as passengers instead of drivers.
Silica surface states and their wetting characteristics
Authors: Jin Jiaqi , Wang Xuming , Wick Collin D , Dang Liem X , Miller Jan D
Published: November 2019

The wetting characteristics of silica (SiO2) surfaces can be described by molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio simulations, including comparison of silica surfaces (talc (001), siloxanated quartz, tridymite (001) and quartz (001)), some of which have not been considered previously in the literature. Classic MD and ab initio simulation methods have been used to determine the contact angle, interfacial water structure, hydroxylation reaction and hydration energy, the results of which are compared with experimental results reported in the literature. Wetting of silica surfaces depends on surface polarity and extent of hydroxylation. The non-polar siloxane surfaces are characterized by a contact angle of about 80°, an MD ‘water exclusion zone’ of about 3 Å, a relaxed interfacial water orientation, inertness to hydroxylation and minimal hydration energy. The polar silica surfaces can be wetted by water and have a more ordered interfacial water structure. Silanol groups form at the polar silica surface during hydroxylation reactions, and the calculated hydration energy of −1·2 and −1·6 eV matches the experimental heat of immersion measurements reported in the literature, which correspond to hydrogen (H) bonding with interfacial water. Fundamental understanding of silica surfaces is important for understanding flotation phenomena and fluid flow in silica nanopores.
Hemşirelerin opioid kullanımına yönelik tutumları:Bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinde anket çalışması
Authors: BALDEMİR Ramazan , AKÇABOY Erkan Yavuz , NOYAN Özgen , ÇELİK Şeref , AKÇABOY Zeynep Nur
Published: November 2019

Amaç:
Opioidler, güçlü analjezik etkilerinden dolayı ağrı yönetiminde kullanılan
önemli ilaçlardandır. Bununla birlikte sağlık çalışanlarında tespit edilen opiofobiye bağlı olarak 
ağrı tedavisinde opioid kullanımı istenen seviyelerde değildir. Bu
çalışmada amaç, hemşirelerin ağrı tedavisinde opioid kullanımına yönelik tutum
ve yaklaşımlarıyla, bu tutum ve yaklaşımların ağrı tedavisine etkisini
belirlemektir.

            Gereç ve Yöntem: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan
sonra Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde çalışan
ve anketin yapıldığı süre içerisinde izinli olmayan bütün hemşirelere
ulaşılması hedeflendi. 31
sorudan oluşan anket formunu toplam 300 hemşire gönüllü olarak doldurmak
istedi. 101 adet anket formu %33,6 katılım oranı ile doldurulmuş olarak teslim
alındı. Veri analizi  için SPSS 15.0
istatistik paket programı kullanıldı.

            Bulgular: Çalışmaya
katılan 101 hemşirenin %80’i hastalara opioid tedavisi uygularken tedirgin
olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bu tedirginliğin ana sebebi, opioidlerin potansiyel yan
etkileri ve bağımlılık riski olarak tespit edildi. Hemşirelerin %67,6’sı
opioidlerin yalnızca kanser hastalarında kullanılması gerektiğini
düşünmektedir. Hemşirelerin %58’i denetime tabi ilaçlardan olduğundan yasal
sorumluluk almamak adına opioidleri hastalara uygulamak istemediğini
belirtmiştir. Hemşirelerin %82’si hastalar opioid ilaç kullanmak istemezse bu
konuda hastaları desteklediklerini belirtmiştir. Hemşirelerin %36,1’i opioid
grubu olmayan bazı  ilaçları opioid grubu
olarak bilmektedir.

            Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, opioid kullanımı ile ilgili olarak,
hemşirelerde yetersiz bilgi ve önyargıların olduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu
nedenle, opioidlerle ilgili hemşirelere verilecek eğitimlerin gereklilik
olduğunu ve bu eğitimlerin düzenli olarak verilmesi gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
Food as an Energy Resource: Patterns of Accumulation and Use of Products in Chukotka
Authors: Davydova Elena A.
Published: November 2019

The article investigates the changes in Chukotka residents’ diet during 20th‑21st centuries. The paper analyzes the archival and field materials related mainly to reindeer herders of the Amguema tundra. By comparing traditional and modern food practices in this local place I focus on the ways of acquiring, preserving, processing, and preparing food resources. The paper argues that the shifts in food practices and diet were accompanied by a transition to a new food autonomy regime. Today, as in the previous time, people aim to create nourishing, tasty and diverse food. In the pre-Soviet period people achieved this goal through the use of various cooking technologies, accumulation of local resources, and social ties with coastal Chukchi. Now, along with the listed strategies, they maximize their food resources due to purchased (but not home-made) products. As a result, a network of relations with the reindeer enterprise, state infrastructure, trade companies, material components of mobility, and mutual relations between the tundra and the village influence people’s sense of food security and ultimately limits their food autonomy
Criteria for the administration of systemic antimicotic therapy in surgical intensive care units (literature review)
Authors: Belotserkovskiy B. Z. , Gelfand E. B. , Bykov A. O. , Mamontova O. A. , Protsenko D. N.
Published: November 2019

This review focuses on the practical aspects of prevention and treatment of fungal infections in surgical patients. It covers epidemiology and risk factors for invasive candidiasis, updates on the etiological structure of fungal infections in patients in critical conditions, and provides the information on drug sensitivity of Candida species. The authors discuss the limitations of cultural and non-cultural diagnostic methods used in invasive candidiasis, emphasizing the importance of analyzing the existing risk factors in combination with a comprehensive assessment of clinical and laboratory data for timely initiation of adequate antifungal therapy. The review provides a brief description of currently available antimicotics, including polyenes, triazoles, and echinocandins. It also describes the benefits of anidulafungin, which does not interact with other drugs and has no negative effect on the liver and kidney. The article also covers indications for antifungal agents in surgical intensive care units in accordance with international and Russian guidelines. A cohort of patients with abdominal diseases requiring preventive and empirical treatment with antimicotics is described. In additions to that, the manuscript contains a rationale for the use of echinocandins in targeted therapy of invasive candidiasis.
The immediate results of combined operations in patients with advanced ovarian cancer: the experience of N. N. Blokhin National Medical research Center of Oncology, Ministry of health of russia
Authors: Kozhevnikova O. V. , Nikogosyan S. A. , Ananyev V. S. , Kyznetsov V. V. , Shevchuk A. S.
Published: November 2019

Objective: to analyze intraoperative and postoperative complications in patients who underwent combination surgeries for advanced ovarian cancer.

Materials and methods. This retrospective study included patients that underwent primary or interval cytoreductive combination surgeries for advanced (grade III–IV) ovarian cancer at N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia between 2000 and 2017.

Results. We analyzed medical records of 144 patients with grade III–IV ovarian cancer who underwent combination surgery at some stage of their treatment. Almost two-thirds of patients (64.8 %) had complete or optimal volume of surgery. Intraoperative complications were registered in 7 % of patients (n = 10), while postoperative complications were observed in 38.2 % of cases (n = 55). The postoperative death rate was 0.7 % (n = 1).

Conclusions. Higher frequency of complete and optimal cytoreduction, as well as acceptable level of intra- and postoperative complications confirm the need for combination surgeries in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Aggressive surgical tactics should be used only in specialized cancer hospitals with the involvement of a multidisciplinary team that includes cancer surgeons and anesthesiologists in order to improve both short-term and long-term treatment outcomes in patients with advanced ovarian cancer.
Analysis of efficiency of perception of information depending on the individual learning style
Authors: Andrusiak V. , Kravchenko V.
Published: November 2019

The paper explored the features of information acquisition by people with different individual learning styles in accordance with the VARK classification (Visual, Auditory, Reading, Kinesthetic), which is popular in the educational field, using a comparative analysis of memorizing the details of fiction and scientific texts, as well as the brain's electrical activity during reading and listening.It is revealed that the way of presenting the text corresponding to the individual learning style does not increase the efficiency of memorizing its details.Audials, better than visuals, learned the content of a fiction text, when it is visually presented. Audials and kinesthetics demonstrated the worst long-term memorization of the details of a fiction text, regardless of how it was processed.

It is shown that, regardless of the dominant learning style, listening to the text is accompanied by a greater cognitive load compared to reading, which was reflected in a generalized increase in spectral power in the theta EEG range. Reading was accompanied by a greater spectral power in the delta range in comparison with listening to texts for representatives of all learning styles, except visuals. In the kinesthetics, the spectral power of the high-frequency beta range of the EEG increased in the left temporo-occipital zones, while reading a fiction fragment, which indicates higher level of psycho-emotional tension in comparison with listening.

The brain mechanism for maintaining attention and working memory during perception of information had specific EEG correlates in subjects
with different individual learning styles, which, however, did not affect the differences in the efficiency of information assimilation by representatives of these groups.
PENGEMBANGAN LATIHAN TAEKWONDO DENGAN MEDIA AUDIO-VISUAL UNTUK EKSTRAKURIKULER TAEKWONDO DI SMA KABUPATEN TULUNGAGUNG
Authors: Setianto Wahid Rohmat , Widijoto Heru , Sulistyorini Sulistyorini
Published: November 2019

Abstrack: The research was conducted with the aimed to develop practice-based audiovisual taekwondo for taekwondo in high school extracurricular Tulungagung. Thisresearch includes research and development. The products resulting from this research is packaged in a VCD. To get a result the researchers used three experts that media experts, expert coaching and taekwondo expert. As for the small group trial with 6 students obtained 86.22% and the results of testing large groups with 38 students obtained result of 89.32%. So it can be concluded that this product is valid and can be used.Keywords: taekwondo exercise, audio-visual, extracurricularAbstrak: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan latihan taekwondo berbasis audio-visual untuk ekstrakurikuler taekwondo di SMA Kabupaten Tulungagung. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian dan pengembangan. Produk yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini dikemas dalam bentuk VCD. Untuk mendapat hasil peneliti menggunakan 3 ahli yaitu ahli media, ahli kepelatihan dan ahli taekwondo. Sedangkan untuk uji coba kelompok kecil dengan 6 siswa diperoleh hasil 86,22% serta uji cobakelompok besar dengan 38 siswa diperoleh hasil 89,32%. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk ini valid dan dapat digunakan.Kata kunci: latihan taekwondo, audio-visual, ekstrakurikuler
СИСТЕМНО-СИНЕРГЕТИЧНИЙ ПІДХІД У ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Ткачук Наталія
Published: November 2019

Розглянуто сутність банківської системи за системним і синергетичним підходами. Розкрито системні характеристики банківської системи: цілісність, ієрархічність, інтегративність, комунікативність та інші. Доведено необхідність застосування синергетичного підходу в дослідженні особливостей функціонування банківської системи за умов синергійного ринку. Запропоновано доповнити перелік системних характеристик банківської системи такими  ознаками, як: складність, динамічність, відкритість, нелінійність, нерівноважність, когерентність і здатність до самоорганізації, що робить можливим розуміння її сутності більш повним і реалістичним. Зазначено, що нелінійність і нерівноважність є головними джерелами різноманітності та складності економічної динаміки функціонування банківської системи. Динамічність банківської системи визначаться тим, що її структура, цілі і зв’язки між елементами є непостійними, вони змінюються і розвиваються в часі. Розглянуто відкритість банківської системи як широкий спектр вертикальних і горизонтальних інформаційних, економічних та інших зв’язків із зовнішнім середовищем. Оптимальними передумовами функціонування банківської системи є її самоорганізація і функціональна стійкість у нерівноважних умовах. Підкреслено, що процеси самоорганізації можуть відбуватися в банківській системі лише за умови високого рівня її складності, динамічності та непередбачуваності в довгостроковому періоді.
СУТНІСТЬ І ЗНАЧЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ФОНДОВОГО РИНКУ
Authors: Семикрас Вікторія
Published: November 2019

Розглянуто сутність самого поняття «фондовий ринок» та його основні особливості, окремо виділено загальні підходи до розуміння безпеки ринку цінних паперів. Систематизовано наявні погляди щодо сучасного стану ринку цінних паперів і його значення в контексті глобальних економічних процесів усередині країни. На підставі опрацьованого матеріалу наведено і конкретизовано фактори, що здатні безпосередньо визначати рівень безпеки ринку цінних паперів, а саме: політичні, економічні, соціальні, інформаційні, організаційно-технічні тощо. Крім того, запропонoвано власну класифікацію різновидів фінансової безпеки фондового ринку і визначено на їхній підставі основні напрями впливу фондового ринку на соціально-економічну стабільність держави, розмежувавши їх за характерними ознаками. На підставі проведеної роботи було запропоновано поетапний алгоритм для досягнення безпеки фондового ринку, яка, у свою чергу, стане складовою ефективної і легітимної участі України у світовій економічній спільноті на правах рівноправного партнера.
ОЦІНКА ВПЛИВУ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ НА ЯКІСТЬ СИСТЕМИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФІНАНСОВОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ КРЕДИТНИХ УСТАНОВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Хуторна Мирослава
Published: November 2019

Досліджено якість системи забезпечення фінансової стабільності кредитних установ, звертаючи увагу на такі її ознаки: стійкість, результативність, функціональна безперервність, раціональність взаємозв’язків між елементами. Питання якості досліджуваної системи розглянуто в контексті інституційних трансформацій. Розкрито зміст інституційних змін в організації взаємодії між суб’єктами системи забезпечення фінансової стабільності кредитних  установ в Україні. Здійснення порівняльного аналізу рівня розвитку досліджуваної системи на світовому, наднаціональному і національному рівнях дозволило зробити висновок, що до 2011 року в Україні існувала сукупність інституцій зі слабко налагодженою комунікацією, які розрізнено розвивали методологію забезпечення фінансової стійкості підпорядкованих їм різновидів кредитних установ. Обґрунтовано перспективну інституційно-функціональну схему взаємодії суб’єктів забезпечення фінансової стабільності кредитного сегмента фінансового сектору і визначено передумови її успішної практичної імплементації.
МІЖНАРОДНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ОПЕРАЦІЙНОГО РИЗИКУ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАПРОВАДЖЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Дмитренко Ірина
Published: November 2019

Світові глобалізаційні процеси в економічній сфері сприяють зростанню необхідності актуалізації законодавчих і нормативно-правових актів України з питань банківського регулювання відповідно до єдиних міжнародних стандартів регулювання. Розглянуто і проаналізовано новий підхід до оцінки операційного ризику і визначення капіталу банку для його покриття, запропонований Базельським комітетом з банківського нагляду. Розглянуто перспективи імплементації пруденційних вимог щодо оцінки капіталу банку для покриття операційного ризику в Україні та запропоновано поетапне впровадження нового стандартизованого підходу оцінки операційного ризику з урахуванням особливостей функціонування вітчизняних банківських установ. Запропоновано шляхи актуалізації вимог нормативно-правових актів України в частині оцінки достатності капіталу банку відповідно до міжнародних стандартів, що ухвалені до застосування в багатьох країнах і базуються на ризик-орієнтованій методології розрахунку достатності (адекватності) капіталу банківської установи.
МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПОПИТУ
Authors: Циганчук Роман , Мельник Надія
Published: November 2019

Розроблено математичну модель споживчого попиту з пом’якшеними вимогами щодо диференційованості функції корисності. Для знаходження необхідної аналізові кількості частинних похідних використано співвідношення між середніми і граничними її величинами. При моделюванні попиту використовується два основні підходи: за першого підходу використовується побудова функції корисності і карт байдужості; за другого — встановлюється  статистичний зв’язок між попитом, доходом і цінами. Функція корисності повинна відповідати вимогам про неперервну зміну її аргументів, неперервність самої функції та існування необхідного числа її похідних. При  розв’язуванні практичних задач, пов’язаних із моделюванням попиту, виконання таких вимог не завжди можливе. У роботі функція корисності представлена як добутки її відношень до аргументів на самі аргументи. Такий підхід усуває проблему знаходження похідних функції корисності і суттєво розширює коло задач, які розв’язуються за допомогою економіко-математичної моделі споживчого попиту.
КОМПЛЕКСНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ФІНАНСОВИХ НАСЛІДКІВ ТРУДОВОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Михайлишин Богдан
Published: November 2019

Розглянуто теоретико-методологічні засади фінансових наслідків трудової еміграції з України і методичний підхід до їхніх вимірювання та обчислення. Сформовано систему основних фінансових наслідків і запропоновано їх класифікувати на прямі і непрямі, що дозволяє зрозуміти їхню природу як загалом, так і окремо кожного. Підкреслено можливість розрахунку у грошовому еквіваленті таких прямих фінансових наслідків трудової міграції, як грошові перекази мігрантів, зменшення навантаження на Фонд державної служби зайнятості, зменшення виробництва валового внутрішнього продукту, а також таких непрямих фінансових наслідків трудової міграції: відкриття власних справ, інвестиції мігрантів у рухоме і нерухоме майно, освітню і медичну галузь. Розглянуто можливість визначення фінансових наслідків трудової міграції через аналіз кількості введених в експлуатацію житлових будинків, купівлю автомобілів та оцінку обсягу заощаджень домогосподарств трудових мігрантів у формі депозитів у банках та оцінку мультиплікаційного ефекту від цих процесів. Проаналізовано фінансові наслідки трудової міграції, яким притаманна соціальна складова, до них можна віднести збільшення обсягу соціальних виплат після повернення трудових мігрантів на батьківщину. Розроблено методичні підходи до визначення та оцінювання фінансових наслідків, що є актуальним і важливим з огляду на наявність певних прогалин у наукових дослідженнях за окресленою проблемою. За результатами дослідження зроблено висновок, що запропонований методичний підхід дозволить хоча б приблизно оцінити фінансові наслідки трудової міграції та відобразити їхні обсяги у грошовому еквіваленті.
A Bank Size and Competitive Advantage in the UK Banking Sector
Authors: Onour Ibrahim A. , Assandri Alberto , Abdo Mai M. ,   School of Management Studies, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.,   Independent Scholar and Chartered Accountant, Livigno, Italy.,   School of Management Studies, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Published: November 2019

To investigate the association between return to scale (RTS) and profitability in the United Kingdom banking sector, we adopted logistic regression analysis, using sample sizes of 135, 140, and 121 banks for the years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Our findings indicate a positive and statistically significant association between profits as measured by return on assets (ROA) and increasing RTS during the three years of the sample period. We also investigated the relationship between bank size as represented by the log of total deposits and RTS. Our findings also indicate that bigger banks show increasing RTS, but with decreasing rate, as represented by the negative coefficient of the square of the log of deposits. To investigate further the link between bank size and operating cost with ROA, we employed panel data regression, covering the sample period (2011-2016) for the largest 25 banks. Our results show that there is a positive and significant association between ROA and the total assets of the largest banks, but the operating expenses impact negatively on the ROA. More specifically, 1% increase in total assets increase ROA by 2, and 1% increase in the operating expenses reduce ROA by 1.7%. These results imply that bigger banks in the United Kingdom’s banking sector are able to gain competitive edge in attracting deposits as they operate along the downward sloping portion of average operating cost curve.
Changes in Foreign Direct Investment in Brazil in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Previdelli Maria F.S.C. , Souza Luiz E.S. ,   Adjunct Professor,   Associate Professor Department of Economics, Post-Graduation Program in Socioeconomic Development, Federal University of Maranhao (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Published: November 2019

The insertion role of Brazil in the international scenario, in particular, the change regarding the foreign direct investment (FDI) in the country, is the main subject of this paper that seeks to demonstrate what occurred in the twenty-first century. The first 15 years of the new century saw an increase in the participation of Brazil in the multipolar scenario with China’s growing approach. After the coup d’etat of 2016, the country changed that trend and began to review its foreign partnerships, positioning itself as a representative of US interests in Latin America and seeking to distance itself from the group of former BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) partners.
US–China Trade Disputes: Studying Long-Term Trade Patterns
Authors: Murthy K.V. Bhanu ,   Professor, Delhi Technological University, New Delhi, India.
Published: November 2019

US–China economic ties have expanded substantially since China began reforming its economy and liberalizing its trade regime in the late 1970s. Total US–China merchandise trade rose from $2 billion in 1979 (when China’s economic reforms began) to $636 billion in 2017. China is currently the United States’ largest merchandise trading partner, its third-largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. There are multiple areas of disagreement that preceded the trade war. One ground is that China is buying off American assets. It is also alleged that China violates US patent rights. It is also stated by United States that China has restrictions on US companies entering certain areas in production in China. The scale at which US–China trade patterns are changing and ownership patterns of both countries’ MNCs are changing results in a mystification of trade data due to intra-firm trade imports and exports. This may be a major reason why apparent trade patterns do not clearly serve as a guide for commenting on policy wars. This study examines the patterns in the US–China exports, mutual imports, and current account balances over a nearly 25-year period, to form a view about whether the trade war is justified. The general methodology in this paper has been to use a set of semi-log growth equations that enable comparison of various trade-related variables between the United States and China. The method focuses on the long-term patterns before and after global financial crisis (GFC), in the two countries, with the help of a standard dummy variable model. In conclusion, the US claims seem to be unfounded when studied through the lens of long-term trade patterns between the two countries. China’s export performance is much better. The United States’ dependence on imports from China has fallen drastically. Finally, the current balance of payments (BoP) of the United States continues to remain highly negative; whereas, in spite of the setback due to the GFC, China’s BoP position all along continues to be positive.
China–US Trade War: An Overview
Authors: Singh Gunjan ,   Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA), New Delhi, India.
Published: November 2019

The paper attempts to provide an overview of the ongoing trade war between the United States and China. The major focus is to discuss the recent developments and discuss a time line of the events. It also looks at some of the other aspects that are linked with the ongoing trade war such as the Foreign Investment Law, the White Paper issues by the Chinese government discussing the trade war, and the Huawei issue.
Implications of the US–China Tit-for-Tat Tariff Escalation: A Literature Review of Standard Trade Theory and Empirical Evidence on Economic Consequences and Effects on Both Countries
Authors: Mutambara Tsitsi E. ,   Department of Economics and Economic History, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
Published: November 2019

This study reviewed standard international trade theories as they pertain to the impact of trade restrictions. Current empirical studies were reviewed to see whether evidence supports trade theory predictions. Conventional price impacts in standard models of international trade show that trade restrictions are detrimental for trade for both countries involved, and the empirical evidence from current studies confirmed this. The current tit-for-tat tariff escalation between China and the United States has led to, among other things, increased domestic prices to both American consumers and producers; lower export prices to some of the Chinese exporters and American firms based in China; reduced import and export trade between the two countries that would lead to costly adjustments in supply chains; loss in net welfare and employment; and loss in competitive advantage to firms in both countries that produce for export. Therefore, efforts should be made to de-escalate these trade tensions.
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair - EVAR
Authors: Sousa Joel , Mansilha Armando
Published: November 2019

N/a.
Indoor Air Pollution: An Overlooked Link Between Smoking, Sleep Related Respiratory Distress and Cardiometabolic Risk
Authors: Meira e Cruz Miguel
Published: November 2019

N/a.
Attitudes Towards Functional Foods Scale: Psychometric Proprieties and Adaptation for Use Among Adolescents
Authors: Oliveira Leandro , Poínhos Rui , Sousa Francisco
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Functional foods are those that promote health and well-being and/or decrease the risk of certain chronic diseases. It is known that young people’ knowledge about functional foods is low. The aim of this study is to assess the psychometric proprieties of the “Attitudes towards Functional Foods Scale” in a sample of adolescents and, based on that analysis, adapting the scale for its use among this population group.Material and Methods: After a pre-test, the scale was applied to 340 students attending the 3rd cycle of basic education in Terceira island (Azores, Portugal), whose ages ranged between 11 and 19 years (mean = 14.0, standard deviation = 1.2). We analyzed the scale’s internal consistency and construct validity.Results: The study of the psychometric proprieties led to the exclusion of one item. Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.876) showed a good internal consistency of the scale, and factor analysis revealed that, as the original (adults) version, it presents an unifactorial structure.Discussion: The scale showed to be an instrument easy and quick to apply among adolescents. We emphasize that its application should be preceded by the clarification on the concept of functional foods in order to ensure the adequacy of the answers.Conclusion: This study has demonstrated the adequacy of the Attitudes Towards Functional Foods Scale to assess Portuguese adolescents’ perception regarding functional foods, highlighting the need of using its adapted version.
Una mirada al paisaje a través de la ventana
Authors: Villalba Gómez Jose Victor
Published: November 2019

En este artículo mostramos una línea de trabajo artístico desde el punto de vista de la concienciación y sostenibilidad medioambiental, a través del ámbito de la investigación pictórica. En este sentido presentamos una serie de obra con un trasfondo de crítica medioambiental, exponiendo el paisaje desde un segundo plano, desde una perspectiva artificial y humana, resaltando rotundos cambios entre lo natural y antinatural a través de recursos como el muro o la ventana. Respecto a este recurso, la ventana, hacemos un breve análisis de algunos de los artistas que lo han trabajado, artistas como: Andrew Wyeth, David Hockney, Antonio López, Manuel Avellaneda, entre otros. En la investigación pictórica y compositiva aparecen numerosas figuras retóricas que interponen un constante diálogo conceptual y plástico. El trabajo mencionado ha sido expuesto en dos exhibiciones individuales, editándose un catálogo con la obra. Entre otros objetivos, el principal de este artículo es mostrar algunas reacciones más significativas del espectador ante algunas de las creaciones. A modo de resultados se muestra que, entre la diversidad de los visitantes, se observan reacciones interesantes que interpretamos como evidentes reflexiones que conducen hacia un acercamiento al concepto inicial que se plantea, la transformación del paisaje representada a través de la pintura.
La acción creativa del activismo para una educación artística crítica y social
Authors: Sánchez-Arenas Bibiana Soledad
Published: November 2019

El presente artículo tiene la intención de realizar una aproximación sobre las prácticas artísticas recogidas dentro del neologismo artivismo (arte + activismo) y su posible vinculación con el contexto educativo durante la formación del profesorado de Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Murcia. Siendo el objetivo general, desarrollar la creatividad del alumnado hacía una acción crítica y social. Para ello, se utiliza la metodología ‘Investigación basada en las Artes’. El artista se convierte en investigador/mediador/facilitador/docente, y el artivismo en una herramienta idónea para que la comunidad educativa se exprese a través de narrativas artísticas contemporáneas como la instalación y el videoarte. Favorecido ello, la adquisición de competencias sociales y cívicas, al promover la reflexión crítica y creativa en el alumnado; y la recuperación de la comunicación entre el arte y el público en general, uniendo arte y vida, al romper los roles tradicionales dentro del ámbito académico.
O chance no processo fotográfico criativo
Authors: Ramón Verdú Alfredo José
Published: November 2019

Este ensaio é essencialmente sobre a teorização do processo criativo que o artista realiza enquanto compõe as narrativas nas imagens fotográficas, sem planejamento prévio. Tomando como ponto de partida a chance e a vocação artística dentro da arte da ação, são descritas as circunstâncias em que um procedimento de ação foi realizado, para obter resultados narrativos através da fotografia, dando sentido ao que foi encontrado, relacionando o inesperado com a imaginação e com as histórias subjacentes nas imagens. A pesquisa artística levantada enfoca a experiência e a reflexão sobre o processo criativo a partir de imagens inesperadas, estranhas, a priori, a qualquer conexão com o artista.
Performance e política
Authors: Silva Ana Cristina Ribeiro , Carvalho Noel dos Santos
Published: November 2019

Apresentamos a seguir a entrevista feita com o bailarino Ismael Ivo em 2017 na sede do Balé da Cidade de São Paulo. Poucos meses antes, ele fora empossado diretor da instituição, uma das mais prestigiosas no campo da dança no país. Desde sua fundação, em 1968, foi a primeira vez que um homem negro assumiu sua direção. Evidentemente o convite para o prestigioso cargo não deve nada ao fato de Ismael Ivo ser negro, seu nome é uma marca no campo da dança.
Optinalysis: A New Approach of Symmetry Detection and Similarity Measurement through a Looking-Glass
Authors: Abdullahi Kabir Bindawa
Published: November 2019

Optinalysis, as a method of symmetry detection, is a new algorithm that intrametrically (within elements or variables) or intermetrically (between elements or variables) computes and compares two or more univariate or multi-clustered or multivariate sequences as a mirror-like reflection of each other (optics-like manner), hence the name is driven. Optinalysis is based by the principles of reflection and moment about a symmetrical line which detects symmetry that reflects a similarity measurement. This proposed methodology was validated in comparison with Pearson method of skewness detection, and also with some algorithms for pairewise alignment and comparison of genomic sequences (Needle, Stretcher, Water, Matcher) on EMBL-EBI website. A results comparison shows that optinalysis is more advance, more sensitive, more inferential and simple alternative approach of skewness detection and pairewise sequence comparison.
Women in STEM Leadership in the Academy
Authors: McCullough Laura
Published: November 2019

A considerable body of research exists on women in leadership and likewise on women in STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields. However, the intersection of the two is terra incognita: women in leadership in STEM. At the most fundamental level, we don’t even have a solid idea of how many women hold leadership positions in STEM. This study determined the proportion of women in leadership positions in several academic STEM areas via a sampling of institutions across the United States and other countries. In every area studied, women held fewer leadership positions than the proportion of female PhDs in those fields. The proportion of women in non-STEM specific top academic leadership roles was also examined to see what proportion of those individuals leading academic institutions might have background in a STEM discipline and how that compares to men in the same positions. This study opens the door to exploring the experiences of women who lead in STEM, which is likely to promote women’s participation in these fields.
Estimating Zonal Ekman Transport along Coastal Senegal during Passage of Hurricane Fred (2015) from August 30 to 31, 2015
Authors: Dieng Abdou Lahat , Ndoye Siny , Jenkins Gregory S. , Sall Saïdou Moustapha , Gaye Amadou Thierno
Published: November 2019

We examine the role of zonal Ekman transport along the coast of Senegal on 30 August, 2015 when the tropical disturbance associated with Tropical Cyclone Fred was located to the west of Senegal causing considerable coastal damage to coastal areas south of Dakar, Senegal. Ten-meter winds from three Weather Research and Forecast model simulations were used to estimate zonal Ekman transport, with the largest values found during the 30 August. The simulations are in agreement with limited coastal observations showing increasing southerly wind speeds during 30 August but are overestimated relative to the 3 coastal stations. The strong meridional winds translate into increased zonal Ekman transport to the coast of Senegal on 30 August. The use of a coupled ocean model will improve the estimates of Ekman transport along the Guinea-Senegalese coast. The observed damage suggests that artificial and natural barriers (mangroves) should be strengthened to protect coastal communities in Senegal.
Bootstrap ARDL Test on the Relationship among Trade, FDI and CO2 Emissions: Based on the Experience of BRICS Countries
Authors: He Fumei , Chang Ke-Chiun , Li Min , Li Xueping , Li Fangjhy
Published: November 2019

We used the Bootstrap ARDL method to test the relationship between the export trades, FDI and CO2 emissions of the BRICS countries. We found that China's foreign direct investment and the lag one period of CO2 emissions have a cointegration on exports. South Africa's foreign direct investment and CO2 emissions have a cointegration relationship with the lag one period of exports, and South Africa's the lag one period of exports and foreign direct investment have a cointegration relationship with the lag one period of CO2 emissions. But whether it is China or South Africa, these three variables have no causal relationship in the long-term. Among the variables of other BRICS countries, Russia is the only country showed degenerate case #1 in McNown et al. mentioned in their paper. When we examined short-term causality, we found that CO2 emissions and export trade showed a reverse causal relationship, while FDI and carbon emissions were not so obvious. Export trade has a positive causal relationship with FDI. Those variables are different from different situations and different countries.