bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traduzir em Linhas e Cores: a tradução intersemiótica de Iracema, de José de Alencar dentro do grupo Iluminuras de Literatura e Bordado
Authors: Rocha Hyana Jessica Silveira
Published: June 2023

Criado em 2014, o Grupo Iluminuras de Literatura e Bordado é um projeto de extensão da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), vinculado ao curso de Pedagogia e tem como principal objetivo o incentivo à leitura. A cada semestre, o grupo se dedica ao estudo de um clássico da literatura brasileira, discute sobre a obra e sobre como propor uma ressignificação do texto em desenhos, linhas e cores, projetando a literatura brasileira nos signos visuais do bordado para um público mais amplo. Tais atividades são categorizadas como uma prática de tradução intersemiótica, pois o bordado traduz o texto literário sob forma de imagens. Este trabalho apresenta, através da análise de um dos bordados produzidos, a tradução intersemiótica realizada pelo grupo.
Crimes e castigos: traduzindo e adaptando Dostoiévski
Authors: Oliveira Yuri Martins de
Published: June 2023

Neste ensaio, faço uma reflexão acerca da adaptação de textos considerados clássicos, a partir de minha experiência com a adaptação e, posteriormente, a tradução integral de Crime e Castigo, de Fiódor Dostoiévski. Para refletir sobre o processo de tradução, apresento a ideia das funções distintas de cada tipo de texto, bem como os juízos de valores atribuídos à adaptação e à tradução integral. Como respaldo teórico, uso a Teoria do Escopo (Vermeer e Chesterman 2000).
Análise comparativa de traduções poéticas: Emily Dickinson por Augusto de Campos, Adalberto Müller e Isa Mara Lando
Authors: Begotti Giovanna , Silva Silvio Pereira da
Published: June 2023

Nesta pesquisa objetivou-se analisar comparativamente as traduções em português de Adalberto Müller, Augusto de Campos e Isa Mara Lando dos poemas de Emily Dickinson. Para alcançar tal objetivo, foram verificadas, a partir de um corpus de três poemas, as estratégias e teorias utilizadas pela tradutora e pelos tradutores na tradução de aspectos estruturais e fonológicos dos poemas, levantando discussões a fim de explorar o universo desafiador da tradução poética.
No café, de Mikhail Bulgákov
Authors: Gonçalves Marcella
Published: June 2023

A vida soviética e seus desdobramentos, bem como o olhar social com o viés da medicina é um dos, se não o grande caminho literário trilhado por Mikhail Bulgákov em sua vida literária. O autor de uma das principais e mais famosas críticas satíricas da URSS e de seu então líder, Josef Stalin, O mestre e Margarida, pouco é conhecido por seus outros trabalhos, seja em contos pequenos, em folhetins para os jornais ou em seu verdadeiro campo de “ação”, o teatro. A tradução comentada a seguir pretende apresentar, através do folhetim No Café, um pouco do autor e um outro lado de seu trabalho literário, extremamente atrelado aos aspectos autobiográficos de sua jornada como escritor e médico.
Role of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists in Achieving Weight Loss and Improving Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Michos Erin D. , Lopez‐Jimenez Francisco , Gulati Martha
Published: June 2023

Obesity remains a major public health problem, affecting almost half of adults in the United States. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality are major obesity‐related complications, and management guidelines now recommend weight loss as a key strategy for the primary prevention of CVD in patients with overweight or obesity. The recently demonstrated efficacy of some pharmacologic therapies for chronic weight management may encourage health care professionals to recognize obesity as a treatable serious chronic disease and motivate patients to re‐engage with weight loss when previous attempts have been ineffective or unsustainable. This review article summarizes the benefits and challenges associated with lifestyle changes, bariatric surgery, and historical pharmacologic interventions in the treatment of obesity, and focuses on the current evidence for the efficacy and safety of the newer glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist medications in the management of obesity and potential reduction of CVD risk. We conclude that the available evidence demonstrates glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists should be strongly considered in clinical practice for the treatment of obesity and reduction of CVD risk in people with type 2 diabetes. If ongoing research proves glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists to be effective in reducing the risk of CVD onset in patients with obesity, irrespective of type 2 diabetes status, it will herald a new treatment paradigm in this setting, and now is the time for health care professionals to better recognize the benefits of these agents.
High Serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Is Associated With Decreased Risks of Poor Prognosis After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhu Yinwei , Sun Lulu , Huang Tiansheng , Jia Yiming , Yang Pinni , Zhang Qi , Fang Chongquan , Shi Mengyao , Guo Daoxia , Peng Yanbo , Aghi Anushka , Chen Jing , Wang Aili , He Jiang , Zhang Yonghong , Xu Tan , Zhu Zhengbao
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:

BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) has been implicated in cardiovascular homeostasis and ischemic stroke pathogenesis. We aimed to prospectively investigate the associations between serum BDNF levels and the prognosis of ischemic stroke in a multicenter cohort study.

METHODS:

This prospective study follows the STROBE reporting guideline. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured in 3319 ischemic stroke patients from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke between August 2009 and May 2013 in 26 hospitals across China. The primary outcome was the composite outcome of death and major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) at 3 months after stroke onset. Multivariate logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the associations between serum BDNF levels and adverse clinical outcomes.

RESULTS:

During the 3-month follow-up period, 827 (24.92%) patients experienced a primary outcome, including 734 major disabilities and 93 deaths. After adjusting for age, sex, and other important prognostic factors, elevated serum BDNF levels were associated with decreased risks of primary outcome (odds ratio, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.58–0.93]), major disability (odds ratio, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.62–0.99]), death (hazard ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.32–0.97]), and the composite outcome of death and vascular events (hazard ratio, 0.61 [95% CI, 0.40–0.93]) when 2 extreme tertiles were compared. Multivariable-adjusted spline regression analyses showed a linear association between serum BDNF levels and the primary outcome (
P
value for linearity=0.005). The addition of BDNF to conventional risk factors slightly improved reclassification for the primary outcome (net reclassification improvement: 19.33%;
P
<0.001; integrated discrimination index: 0.24%;
P
=0.011).

CONCLUSIONS:

Elevated serum BDNF concentrations were independently associated with decreased risks of adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke, suggesting that serum BDNF may be a potential biomarker for prognosis after ischemic stroke. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential therapeutic benefit of BDNF for ischemic stroke.
Radiomics Features in Contrast‐Enhanced and Nonenhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Images Are Associated With High Intracranial Aneurysmal Risk
Authors: Veeturi Sricharan S. , Raghuram Ashrita , Miller Jacob , Pinter Nandor K. , Sanchez Sebastian , Baig Ammad A. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Samaniego Edgar A. , Tutino Vincent M.
Published: June 2023

Background

Aneurysm wall enhancement is a potential imaging biomarker for risk stratification of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Variations in the texture of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal could shed light on the underlying pathobiology of the aneurysm wall. Radiomics can help quantify the textural complexity in MRI images, which could lead to better understanding and risk stratification of IAs. Herein, we investigated the potential use of radiomics derived from nonenhanced and contrast‐enhanced MRI to identify high‐risk IAs and evaluated their performance on different data sets.

Methods

We obtained 126 IAs from different centers and extracted radiomics features from nonenhanced and contrast‐enhanced MRI for each aneurysm. We then built a random forest model from a part of the 3‐T data set to identify high‐risk IAs based on the 5‐year population, hypertension, age, size of aneurysm, earlier SAH from another aneurysm, site of aneurysm (PHASES) score. We then tested the performance of this model on a part of the same 3‐T data set, a 7‐T data set, and an external 3‐T data set. We also performed multivariate analysis to understand the significance of radiomics features.

Results

We found that 75 radiomics features were significantly different between high‐ and low‐risk IAs. The radiomics model had good performance when tested on the 3‐T data set (accuracy, 90%; sensitivity, 86%; and specificity, 92%); however, when tested on external data sets, it had a moderate performance (accuracy, 88%; sensitivity, 50%; and specificity, 95% for external 3‐T data set; and accuracy, 62%; sensitivity, 27%; and specificity, 100% for 7‐T data set).

Conclusions

Radiomics derived from nonenhanced and contrast‐enhanced MRI show high accuracy in identifying high‐risk aneurysms from the same data set and could be used as a tool for quantifying aneurysm wall enhancement.
Ἐπιλλίζω (Od. 18.11), from ἐπι(λ)λίγδην ‘Grazing’ (Il. 17.599) to ἰλλός ‘Squint-eyed’: History of a Misunderstanding
Authors: Le Feuvre Claire
Published: June 2023

The article argues that the Odyssean hapax ἐπιλλίζω (Od. 18.11) does not mean ‘to wink’, as traditionally assumed, but ‘to harass, to provoke’, and is the verbal base of the adverb ἐπι(λ)λίγδην ‘grazing’, said of a projectile. It belongs to the PIE root *sleig̑- ‘to rub’ (rather than ‘to slide’). The Odyssey only features the metaphoric use of the verb, but the proper meaning is preserved in Nicander’s fr. 100 ἐπιλλίζοντας ὀϊστούς. Apollonius of Rhodes uses ἐπιλλίζω in agreement with the Odyssean meaning ‘to provoke’. Later, two reinterpretations occurred. The traditional understanding of ‘to wink’ results from a synchronic etymology relating ἐπιλλίζω to ἰλλός ‘squint-eyed’: this accounts for Nicander’s use of ἐπιλλίζω (Ther. 163) and is therefore older than the 2nd c. BCE. Later on, Nicander’s ἐπιλλίζοντας (fr. 100) was erroneously related to λίγξε ‘(the bow) groaned’ by Greek grammarians, and wrongly translated ‘whizzing’.
Pherecydes in Alexandria
Authors: Marshall Laura
Published: June 2023

Pherecydes of Syros’ work is difficult to understand because of its fragmentary nature. A previously unexplored perspective on his work is to analyze how it was understood and used in Ptolemaic Alexandria, particularly by Eratosthenes and Callimachus. Eratosthenes’ distinction between Pherecydes of Syros and Pherecydes of Athens (DL 1.119) has been used as a key piece of evidence that those two authors are, in fact, distinct. However, there has been little discussion of Eratosthenes’ interest in these authors outside of that statement. Callimachus’ interest in Pherecydes has also been ignored by both scholars of Pherecydes and scholars of Alexandrian poetry (except for brief references). Through this examination, I argue that Pherecydes of Syros was an important figure in discussions about the development of prose in Ptolemaic Alexandria.
Figural Realism and the Politics of Literature: Hayden White and Jacques Rancière Read Erich Auerbach
Authors: Muchowski Jakub
Published: June 2023

Hayden White and Jacques Rancière both drew on the account of the history of European literature offered by Erich Auerbach to construct their own theoretical treatments of historical and literary writing: White conceptualized the figure-fulfillment model, modernist realism, and figural realism, while Rancière critically commented on the undemocratic character of the writings of the Annales school and sought egalitarian moments in Western literature. I will examine White’s and Rancière’s readings of Auerbach and partially compare the two theoretical endeavors. The purpose of this analysis will be, first, to critically compare some of the two authors’ proposals and, second, to include Rancière’s work into the English-language debate on historical theory. In bringing them together, I will primarily ask how White and Rancière have articulated the relationship between politics and historical and literary writing in their commentaries on Auerbach’s work.
Understanding the Policy Responses of the Philippines towards China’s Economic Statecraft under the Duterte Administration
Authors: Jung Gratiana
Published: June 2023

This essay is a preliminary study of the Philippines’ foreign policy towards China under President Rodrigo Roa Duterte. It will examine China’s economic statecraft as the sender country towards the Philippines as the target country. The ultimate goal of China’s economic policies is to foster a submissive response from the Philippines over their territorial disputes in the South China Sea. This paper applies the theoretical model proposed by Jean-Marc F. Blanchard and Norrin M. Ripsman (2008 and 2013) to study the political theory of economic statecraft, as applied by the sender and target countries. Blanchard and Ripsman argue that domestic factors serve as significant intervening variables in the strategy of the target country’s leaders towards the sender country. Thus, the target country’s leaders will view the sender country’s economic sanctions or economic inducements differently, depending on the domestic socioeconomic situation. By looking at the Duterte administration in the Philippines, this paper intends to expand upon the research agenda of the theory on economic statecraft and international relations. It will shine a light on the puzzling flip-flop of the Philippines’ foreign policy strategy. It shows that Blanchard and Ripsman’s “stateness” conditionalist approach provides a plausible explanation of the Filipino response to China’s economic statecraft. Instead of relying on conventional neo-realist, economic liberalist, or regime-type conditionalist arguments, this paper will focus on the control of leaders over the decision-making environment. However, it does acknowledge that stateness does not fully explain the Philippines’ strategic adjustment towards China, as international variables could have affected the Philippines’ policy response to China’s economic statecraft. This paper, therefore, argues that domestic and international factors play vital roles in affecting the dynamics in the target state and the effectiveness of the sender state’s economic statecraft.
Taxonomic updates in Anthurium sect. Pachyneurium (Araceae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: CAMELO MEL C. , TEMPONI LÍVIA G. , COELHO MARCUS A. N. , BAUMGRATZ JOSÉ F.A.
Published: June 2023

We present taxonomic updates of Anthurium sect. Pachyneurium, A. pluricarinatum, and an amendment to the description of A. leonii. An identification key for the new species and related taxa from Brazilian Atlantic Forest are included, as well as notes about morphological characters, distribution maps and illustrations are provided.
Improving Seasonal Prediction of Summer Precipitation in the Middle–Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Using a TU-Net Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Yang Shuxian , Ling Fenghua , Li Yue , Luo Jing-Jia
Published: June 2023

The two-step U-Net model (TU-Net) contains a western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) prediction model and a precipitation prediction model fed by the WNPSH predictions, oceanic heat content, and surface temperature. The data-driven forecast model provides improved 4-month lead predictions of the WNPSH and precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR), which has important implications for water resources management and precipitation-related disaster prevention in China. When compared with five state-of-the-art dynamical climate models including the Climate Forecast System of Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST-CFS1.0) and four models participating in the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) project, the TU-Net produces comparable skills in forecasting 4-month lead geopotential height and winds at the 500- and 850-hPa levels. For the 4-month lead prediction of precipitation over the MLYR region, the TU-Net has the best correlation scores and mean latitude-weighted RMSE in each summer month and in boreal summer [June–August (JJA)], and pattern correlation coefficient scores are slightly lower than the dynamical models only in June and JJA. In addition, the results show that the constructed TU-Net is also superior to most of the dynamical models in predicting 2-m air temperature in the MLYR region at a 4-month lead. Thus, the deep learning-based TU-Net model can provide a rapid and inexpensive way to improve the seasonal prediction of summer precipitation and 2-m air temperature over the MLYR region.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to examine the seasonal predictive skill of the western North Pacific subtropical high anomalies and summer rainfall anomalies over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River region by means of deep learning methods. Our deep learning model provides a rapid and inexpensive way to improve the seasonal prediction of summer precipitation as well as 2-m air temperature. The work has important implications for water resources management and precipitation-related disaster prevention in China and can be extended in the future to predict other climate variables as well.
Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Climatology, Extremes, and Flooding Potential from Remote Sensing and Reanalysis Datasets over the Continental United States
Authors: Mazza Edoardo , Chen Shuyi S.
Published: June 2023

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are high-impact events responsible for devastating rainfall and freshwater flooding. Quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) are thus essential to better understand and assess TC impacts. QPEs based on different observing platforms (e.g., satellites, ground-based radars, and rain gauges), however, may vary substantially and must be systematically compared. The objectives of this study are to 1) compute the TC rainfall climatology, 2) investigate TC rainfall extremes and flooding potential, and 3) compare these fundamental quantities over the continental United States across a set of widely used QPE products. We examine five datasets over an 18-yr period (2002–19). The products include three satellite-based products, CPC morphing technique (CMORPH), Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG), and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission–Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TRMM-TMPA); the ground-radar- and rain-gauge-based NCEP Stage IV; and a state-of-the-art, high-resolution reanalysis (ERA5). TC rainfall is highest along the coastal region, especially in North Carolina, northeast Florida, and in the New Orleans, Louisiana, and Houston, Texas, metropolitan areas. Along the East Coast, TCs can contribute up to 20% of the warm season rainfall and to more than 40% of all daily and 6-hourly extreme rain events. Our analysis shows that Stage IV detects far higher precipitation rates in landfalling TCs, relative to IMERG, CMORPH, TRMM, and ERA5. Satellite- and reanalysis-based QPEs underestimate both the TC rainfall climatology and extreme events, particularly in the coastal region. This uncertainty in QPEs is further reflected in the TC flooding potential measured by the extreme rainfall multiplier (ERM) values, whose single-cell maxima are substantially underestimated and misplaced by the satellite and reanalysis QPEs compared to that using NCEP Stage IV.

Significance Statement

Tropical cyclones (TCs) can produce extreme rainfall and widespread flooding. Improvements in our preparedness, mitigation, and adaptation efforts rest on a better understanding of TC rainfall and its impact. Assessment of various rainfall products and uncertainties is urgently needed for decision making and other applications. Different quantitative precipitation estimate (QPE) datasets have been developed over the past decades. This study uses 18 years of data to better understand how key properties of TC rainfall, including its contribution to extreme events and flooding potential, are represented across five widely used QPE products. Our analysis shows that satellite-based, and to a lesser extent, reanalysis-based QPEs underestimate TC rainfall properties both in terms of climatology and extreme events compared to ground-radar-gauge-based QPE. The uncertainty increases in the coastal region and is reflected in the estimated TC flooding potential.
Downward Propagation and Trapping of Near-Inertial Waves by a Westward-Moving Anticyclonic Eddy in the Subtropical Northwestern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Chen Zifei , Yu Fei , Chen Zhiwu , Wang Jianfeng , Nan Feng , Ren Qiang , Hu Yibo , Cao Anzhou , Zheng Tongtong
Published: June 2023

Mesoscale eddies can alter the propagation of wind-generated near-inertial waves (NIWs). Different from previous studies, the subsurface mooring observed NIWs are generated outside an anticyclonic eddy (ACE) and then interact with the arriving ACE. It is found that with the arrival of the ACE, the NIWs accelerate to propagate downward and the maximum vertical wavelength and group velocity of NIWs reach ∼500 m and ∼35 m day−1, respectively. When entering the core of the ACE, the near-inertial energy is trapped and finally stalls at a critical depth, which basically corresponds to the base of the ACE located at around 750-m depth. Through a ray-tracing model and dynamic analyses, this critical depth is much deeper than that of NIWs generated directly inside an ACE. By using depth–time varying stratification and relative vorticity, ray-tracing experiments further demonstrate that NIWs generated outside and passed over by an ACE can propagate to deep depths. Furthermore, energy budget analyses indicate that the net energy transfer from the ACE to NIWs plays an important role in the enhancement of downward-propagating near-inertial energy and its long-term persistence (∼45 days) in the critical layer. Within the critical layer, the enhancement of shear instability and nonlinear interactions among internal waves account for the loss of the trapped near-inertial energy and provide energy for furnishing deep ocean mixing.

Significance Statement

The interactions between near-inertial waves and a westward-moving anticyclonic eddy are investigated in this study. Knowledge about the propagation of near-inertial waves continues to be a topic of interest because near-inertial waves transfer energy from the mixed layer to the interior ocean, which is an important source of turbulent mixing. While much is known about how near-inertial energy propagates inside an anticyclonic eddy, few studies have examined how near-inertial energy propagates when it is generated outside an anticyclonic eddy and then enters the arriving anticyclonic eddy. In this study, the deep propagation and trapping of near-inertial energy by a westward-moving anticyclonic eddy is observed, which contributes greatly to the energy budget and the deep-ocean mixing.
The Aesthetic Evolution of Product Categories
Authors: Krabbe Anders Dahl , Grodal Stine
Published: June 2023

Most literature on aesthetic innovation has focused on single producers who use radical aesthetic innovation to differentiate their products. However, a few scholars, as well as anecdotal evidence, suggest that when gazed at from the category level, aesthetic innovation usually occurs as incremental variations of a dominant aesthetic. Extant theory fails to account for why we see cycles of shift and stability in the dominant aesthetic of a category. In this study, we identify the mechanisms that drove such shifts and stability in the dominant aesthetic of the hearing aid category from 1945 to 2015. Leveraging this study, we develop theory showing that alignment or misalignment between category meanings and recent cultural trends spurs producers to generate new categorical aspirations to associate their category with new sets of meanings. However, producers introduce radical new aesthetic innovations only when a change in product form allows them to experiment. Examining aesthetic evolution at the category level helps to shed light on category-level patterns of aesthetic shifts and stability, why attempts to differentiate outside the dominant aesthetic are rare, and why product aesthetics across a category shift synchronously between dominant aesthetics. Furthermore, we enhance understanding of the roles of culture in category evolution and of aesthetics in the construction of category meaning, and we show how such meanings are periodically and collectively renegotiated in mature categories.
Unilateral Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Management: A National Survey
Authors: Harmer Matthew J. , Stewart Douglas J. , Prasad Pallavi , Veligratli Faidra , Pickles Charles , Kim Ji Soo , Raja Maduri
Published: June 2023

Risks of contralateral kidney abnormalities and chronic kidney disease necessitate follow-up for unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidneys (MCDK). A nationwide survey of senior UK pediatricians was conducted. Of the 60 responses obtained, 62% routinely perform a dimercaptosuccinic acid scan to confirm diagnosis. Eight percent routinely perform a cystogram to investigate contralateral vesicoureteric reflux. Sixty-two percent would routinely measure renal function (frequency ranging from once only to “every 2 years”). Twenty-five percent recalled MCDK nephrectomy being performed within the previous 5 years. Respondents voiced concerns that national guidance may result in an overcautious approach but could balance consensus and safe variation, and offer families choice and reassurance. The mean estimated cost of follow-up from birth to 18 years ranged from £258 to £3854. Results demonstrate significant variation in management, highlighting the need for a clear pathway to decrease unwanted variability and to ensure those at high risk of renal sequelae are recognized early, without undue investigatory burden.
The longitudinal impact of war exposure on psychopathology in Syrian and Iraqi refugee youth
Authors: Hinchey Liza Marie-Emilie , Nashef Raya , Bazzi Celine , Gorski Kathleen , Javanbakht Arash
Published: June 2023

Background:

War and natural disasters lead to forced migration – and increased risk of adverse psychological outcomes – in approximately 1% of the global population. Though recent years have brought a greater understanding of the consequences of war exposure on mental health outcomes for refugee children, little is known about the longitudinal and developmental impact of these experiences on youth.

Aims:

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of direct exposure to war and/or combat on trajectories of symptoms related to anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Syrian and Iraqi refugee youth following resettlement. Prevalence of possible anxiety disorders and PTSD was also assessed.

Method:

Participants included accompanied refugee youth resettled in the state of Michigan in the U.S. ( n = 74). Youth filled out self-report measures of trauma exposure, anxiety symptoms, and PTSD symptoms upon arrival and 2 years later. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to assess the effect of war exposure over time.

Results:

Upon arrival, 38% screened positive for an anxiety disorder and 4.1% met diagnostic thresholds for PTSD. While war exposure did not predict changes to PTSD symptom trajectories ( p = .481), anxiety symptoms increased over time among children reporting war exposure ( B = 10.13, SE = 4.22, t = 2.40, p = .019).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that without appropriate interventions, anxiety- and trauma-related symptoms often do not decrease. Further, exposure to war trauma may lead to progressive worsening of symptoms. These findings suggest that assessing for type of trauma exposure, rather than focusing solely on migration status, may inform focused attention and interventions among trauma-exposed children resettling as refugees.
Oral Biofilm Cryotherapy as a Novel Ecological Modulation Approach
Authors: Zayed N. , Ghesquière J. , Kamarudin N.H.N. , Bernaerts K. , Boon N. , Braem A. , Van Holm W. , Teughels W.
Published: June 2023

Oral cryotherapy is used in dentistry as a safe, simple, and low-cost treatment for a variety of oral lesions. It is well known for its ability to aid in the healing process. However, its effect on oral biofilms is unknown. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of cryotherapy on in vitro oral biofilms. In vitro multispecies oral biofilms were grown on the surface of hydroxyapatite discs in symbiotic or dysbiotic states. CryoPen X+ was used to treat the biofilms, whereas untreated biofilms served as control. One set of biofilms was collected for study immediately after cryotherapy, whereas another group was reincubated for 24 h to permit biofilm recovery. Changes in biofilm structure were analyzed with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while biofilm ecology and community compositional changes were analyzed with viability DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (v-qPCR) analysis. One cryo-cycle immediately reduced biofilm load by 0.2 to 0.4 log10 Geq/mL, which increased with additional treatment cycles. Although the bacterial load of the treated biofilms recovered to the same level as the control biofilms within 24 h, the CLSM detected structural alterations. Compositional alterations were also detected by SEM, corroborating the v-qPCR findings that showed ≈≤10% incidence of pathogenic species compared to nontreated biofilms that encompassed ≈45% and 13% pathogenic species in dysbiotic and symbiotic biofilms, respectively. Spray cryotherapy showed promising results in a novel conceptual approach to the control of oral biofilms. Acting selectively by targeting oral pathobionts and retaining commensals, spray cryotherapy could modify the ecology of in vitro oral biofilms to become more symbiotic and prevent the evolution of dysbiosis without the use of antiseptics/antimicrobials.
Bridging Inferences and Reference Management: Evidence from an Experimental Investigation in Catalan and Russian
Authors: Seres Daria , Borràs-Comes Joan , Espinal M. Teresa
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on the choice of nominal forms in a language with articles (Catalan) in comparison to a language without articles (Russian). An experimental study (consisting of various naturalness judgment tasks) was run with speakers of these two languages which allowed to show that in bridging contexts native speakers’ preferences vary when reference is made to one single individual or to two disjoint referents. In the former case, Catalan speakers chose (in)definite NPs depending on their accessibility to contextual information that guarantees a unique interpretation (or the lack of it) for the entity referred to. Russian speakers chose bare nominals as a default form. When reference is made to two disjoint referents (as encoded by the presence of an additional altre/drugoj “other” NP), speakers prefer an optimal combination of two indefinite NPs (i.e., un NP followed by un altre NP in Catalan; odin “some/a” NP followed by drugoj NP in Russian). This study shows how speakers of the two languages manage to combine grammatical knowledge (related to the meaning of the definite and the indefinite articles and altre in Catalan; and the meaning of bare nominals, odin and drugoj in Russian) with world knowledge activation and accessibility to discourse information.
Action Perception in Athletes: Expertise Facilitates Perceptual Discrimination
Authors: Harrison Róisín E. , Giesel Martin , Hesse Constanze
Published: June 2023

Prior research has demonstrated that athletes outperform non-athletes on action perception tasks involving anticipation of sport-related actions. We conducted two experiments to determine whether this advantage persists on tasks without anticipation and/or transfers to non-sport actions. In Experiment 1, motor experts (sprinters) and non-experts were shown two consecutive videos of an athlete either walking or sprinting. The participants’ task was to indicate whether the videos were identical or different. The sprinters were more accurate in these judgments than non-experts, indicating that their athleticism was associated with motor expertise that enhanced their perception of both expert and everyday actions. Further analysis revealed that participants who reported basing their decisions on a specific and informative cue (i.e., the distance between where the athlete’s foot landed and a line on the track) outperformed those who did not. However, the sprinters benefitted more from using this cue than the non-sprinters. In Experiment 2, we assessed whether non-experts’ performance improved if the number of available cues was reduced to make the informative cue easier to identify. Non-experts completed the same task as in Experiment 1, with half of the participants viewing the upper part of the athletes’ body and the other half viewing the lower part containing the informative cue. However, the non-experts still did not reliably identify the cue, and performance did not vary between the two non-expert sub-groups. The results of these experiments suggest that motor expertise indirectly affects action perception by improving experts’ ability to identify and use informative cues.
Financial Problems and Debt as Predictive Factors for Recidivism
Authors: Beek Gercoline van , de Vogel Vivienne , Mheen Dike Van de
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to examine the unique predictive validity of debt regarding recidivism and what elements are specifically predictive. This was done based on a Dutch sample of 250 people on probation using an explorative research tool, the Finances, Debt, and Offending Scale (FDOS). Cox survival regression and receiver operating characteristics analyses were conducted on the total FDOS and its individual items as predictors and diverse recidivism criteria. The average follow-up duration was 5.41 years. The results show that debt moderately predicts recidivism (adjusted for other predictors). The FDOS significantly predicted recidivism on all three levels of severity, and regarding the type of crime, it predicted recidivism in property and drug-related crime. Earlier debt and probation officers’ indications of whether finances are criminogenic were especially predictive. These insights may help frontline service providers better understand the role of finances in recidivism, measure financial problems in risk assessment, and select interventions.
Tax Knowledge Diffusion Through Shared Audit Partners: Evidence From China
Authors: Lim Chee Yeow , Shevlin Terry , Wang Kun , Xu Yanping
Published: June 2023

This study investigates how tax knowledge is diffused through auditors at the individual partner level. We find that firms sharing the same audit partner with low-tax firms exhibit lower effective tax rates ( ETRs) but not for firms that share the same audit office but with different partners. Using a difference-in-difference (DID) research design, we show that firms’ ETRs decline significantly after their existing audit partners start auditing a low-tax firm. Our findings suggest that the transfer of tax planning knowledge from low-tax firms to focal firms occurs mainly through common individual partners. Moreover, benefits to focal firms are stronger when their top executives have a social connection to the shared partners. Further analysis shows that audit partners are more likely to retain existing clients and charge higher audit fees for tax planning diffusion, indicating how audit partners benefit from sharing tax planning knowledge with their clients.
Explaining the Paucity of Migrant Language Valorization Policies in Europe: An Analysis of International and Supranational Constraints and Incentives
Authors: Malandrino Anna
Published: June 2023

Migration flows in Europe have rendered its population more diverse and resulted in the presence of multiple languages in migrant-hosting countries and their education systems. Despite the potential of this language heritage to be leveraged as a resource, many European countries have been reluctant to adopt active public policies that promote the preservation of migrant languages. This article aims to explain the prevalent absence of policies promoting migrant languages in education in Europe through an analysis of the direction and approach of the external constraints and incentives that influence policymaking at the national level. Thus, the article embarks upon an unprecedented analysis of official documents (e.g., covenants, regulations, directives, etc.) adopted (or not adopted) by the main international and supranational organizations that have an impact on national policies in Europe: the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the European Union. The analysis identifies the prevalent attitude of such organizations toward migrant languages and classifies it according to an assimilation-pluralism dichotomy and a continuum that sees policy approaches as negative, symbolic, or positive. The findings show that both international and supranational organizations have been reluctant to actively promote the preservation of migrant languages in education, thus explaining the generalized absence of significant national migrant language promotion policies in Europe. Ultimately, the results of the analysis will be interesting for academics in the fields of language, integration, and migration, and useful for practitioners at both the policymaking and the education delivery level.
Re-Reading Zhang Taiyan against François Jullien: Ontology and Political Critique in Chinese Thought
Authors: Liu Joyce C. H.
Published: June 2023

This article challenges François Jullien’s reading of Chinese thought based on his disjunction between ontology and shi, or propensity. According to Jullien, the Chinese history of ideas has been a never-changing entity in a homogeneous society for thousands of years. Jullien’s juxtaposing and contrasting ‘European thought’ and ‘Chinese thought’ falls into the trap of cultural essentialism he wanted to avoid. Jullien’s interpretation of shi also led him to believe that Chinese people never challenge reality, never confront or resist, tend to stay in conformity, and lack interest in critical thinking. This paper argues that, despite the combination of Confucianism, Daoism and Legalism that constituted a powerful paradigm of normative governmentality of the hierarchical system in different dynasties in Chinese history, the spirit of political resistance has never ceased. Zhang Taiyan, at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of Republican China, demonstrated the tradition of such critical political thinkers. The re-reading of Zhang Taiyan’s Buddhist-inspired reading of Zhuangzi could offer us an additional possibility for the emancipatory and political thinking that can be inspirational even today.
Counter-mapping the mobile border: Racial surveillance and data justice in spaces of disappearance
Authors: Russell Emma K , de Souza Poppy
Published: June 2023

Following significant social and legal challenges to Australia’s colonial policy of ‘offshoring’ immigration detention, the system has become more mobile and diffuse, expanding through a range of new, ad-hoc, and established detention sites both ‘on’ and ‘offshore’. Refugees, asylum seekers and other non-citizens are frequently transferred and dispersed between these sites, which form ‘spaces of disappearance’. In this article, we draw upon concepts of racial surveillance capitalism and data justice to analyse a work by the Manus Recording Project Collective, titled where are you today, that sought to expose and counter the colonial border’s disappearing effects. The work involved the creation and distribution of audio-recordings from inside detention sites to subscribers. Recordings were distributed via text messages that also plotted individual subscribers in spatiotemporal relation to the detained artists that created them. The Collective thereby appropriated the tools of surveillance capitalism – such as GPS tracking and timestamping – to create dynamic digital cartographies of the mobile-carceral border. Through studying this work, we aim to deepen understandings of colonial bordering practices and highlight possibilities for disrupting the social divisions and exclusions that they reproduce.
Cor triatriatum dexter as an incidental finding due to symptomatic bicuspid aortic valve stenosis
Authors: Anastasakis Evangelos , Grosomianidis Vasilios , Tossios Paschalis , Charaf Adnan , Sarsam Mazin A.I. , Karapanagiotidis Georgios T.
Published: June 2023

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital heart defect in which a thin, fibro-muscular membrane divides the left or right atrium into two chambers resulting in a triatrial heart. Subdivision of the left atrium named cor triatriatum sinister (CTS), is the more common form, whereas the right atrial equivalent called cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) is rarer. They account for up to 0.4% and 0.025% of the burden of congenital heart disease respectively. We present the case of CTD found incidentally with transthoracic echocardiography for a patient who underwent aortic valve replacement for symptomatic bicuspid aortic valve stenosis.
Did you get my Email?!—Leveraging boundary work tactics to safeguard connectivity boundaries
Authors: Waizenegger Lena , Remus Ulrich , Maier Ronald , Kolb Darl
Published: June 2023

Being connected to the Internet through various mobile devices is pervasive in our daily professional and private lives. Yet, the way people connect, including when, with whom and through which communication channels differs, manifesting individuals’ idiosyncratic connectivity patterns. In team collaboration, where individuals are dependent on each other’s availability and responsiveness, differences in team members’ connectivity patterns can lead to clashing expectations concerning connectivity. This, in turn, can compromise individuals’ well-being and productivity and threaten team collaboration outcomes. In this paper, we address the question of how to manage connectivity in interdependent teams and align connectivity patterns to facilitate successful collaboration while at the same time safeguarding individuals’ connectivity boundaries. To address this question, we conducted a qualitative case study that involved 39 semi-structured interviews with employees and members of the management board of an international consultancy headquartered in Germany. Building on concepts established in boundary theory, we coined the term “connectivity boundaries” and identified the six boundary work tactics, externalizing, accommodating, adapting, pushing, sacrificing, and enforcing that allow team members to create, maintain, temporarily change, and reclaim their connectivity boundaries and achieve team collaboration success. We developed propositions that highlight which contextual factors and goals are associated with which boundary work tactic.
Comprehensive Energy Modeling Framework for Multi-Powertrain Bus Transit Systems
Authors: Arabi Mahsa , Oke Jimi
Published: June 2023

With the increasing emphasis on sustainable transportation solutions, there is an urgent need for a system that can accurately assess vehicle-specific energy consumption in real-time. However, the current modeling frameworks have a significant gap in that they are not demand- and congestion-responsive, nor are they capable of modeling the system-wide energy consumption of bus fleets at the vehicle-level, encompassing all three types of powertrains—conventional, hybrid, and electric. To address this gap, we present a comprehensive modeling framework that takes into account passenger loading, considers the dynamics of the system including acceleration, and is capable of predicting the real-time energy usage of each bus in a transit network. Using the Pioneer Valley Transit Authority system as a case study, we calibrated existing powertrain-specific models for conventional diesel, hybrid, and battery electric buses. Our demand- and congestion-responsive energy consumption modeling framework fills this critical gap and offers significant potential for future sustainable transportation planning. Relying on detailed trajectories computed from one month of bus location data, along with passenger counts and road grade, our framework is a novel contribution in that it provides spatiotemporal energy predictions for an entire bus system. As it is readily calibrated with potential improvements in accuracy given more data, this framework can be applied by transit agencies for the purposes of real-time energy consumption monitoring, fleet electrification planning, equity analyses, and carbon emission reduction strategies.
Optimization-Based Intersection Control for Connected Automated Vehicles and Pedestrians
Authors: Niels Tanja , Bogenberger Klaus , Papageorgiou Markos , Papamichail Ioannis
Published: June 2023

Traffic at larger or busier urban intersections is currently coordinated using traffic signals to prevent dangerous traffic situations and to regulate the flow of traffic. In future scenarios with 100% connected automated vehicles, conventional traffic signals could be replaced, and vehicles at intersections could be seamlessly coordinated via vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. In the past two decades, many such control strategies have been presented, commonly referred to as autonomous intersection management (AIM). In recent years, an evolution from simpler first come, first served to more sophisticated optimization-based AIM strategies can be observed. Optimization-based AIM can significantly improve capacity and reduce delays as compared to slot-based strategies and conventional traffic signal control (TSC). In addition, it allows for prioritizing road users. This paper is among the first to consider pedestrians in optimization-based AIM. The proposed approach consists of a signal-free vehicle control in combination with pedestrian signal phases that are fully integrated into the optimization problem. Since the communication range of the controller is limited in real-world applications, a rolling horizon scheme is presented and explained in detail. The presented strategy is implemented and evaluated using a microscopic traffic simulation framework. Results show that vehicle delays can be significantly reduced and vehicle capacity can be increased compared to fully actuated TSC, while pedestrian waiting times are comparable. In addition, focus is put on how vehicle and pedestrian delays can be balanced in the presented setup. Three different control parameters can be adjusted, which need to be tuned based on the considered demand scenario.