bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forest cover and environmental type shape functional diversity of insectivorous birds within the Atlantic Forest
Authors: Manzoli Enzo Coletti , Gaspar Lucas Pacciullio Da Silva , Melo Marcos Antônio , Adorno Bruno Faria da Cunha Barbosa , Ribeiro Milton Cezar , Piratelli Augusto João
Published: March 2023

Arthropod-eating birds are a heterogeneous group, with different levels
of environmental sensitivity and diverse responses to habitat
degradation. In this paper, we tested the effects of landscape on the
functional diversity of insectivorous birds within the Brazilian
Atlantic Forest. We predict that (I) species composition and functional
diversity are shaped by turnover and nestedness across different
habitats, and (II) the gradient of forest cover has a positive effect on
bird species composition and functional diversity. We used data from 22
landscapes of the Atlantic Forest in the Cantareira-Mantiqueira region
(Brazil), within buffers of 1 km radius, surrogating three types of
environments (i.e., forests, pastures, and swamps). The components of
β-functional diversity were calculated using the beta pair and beta
multi-function for each type of environment, and the effects of the
forest cover gradient and environment type were tested using linear
models and GLMM, respectively. Our results showed that the forest cover
gradient and the type of environment had a negative effect on the
indices of functional diversity, contrary to our expectations.
Pasturelands and marshes were susceptible to turnover and nestedness,
respectively. The beta diversity of forests was influenced by both
species nestedness and turnover. The regional native forest fragments
are generally small-sized, and in early successional stages, which could
explain the patterns we found. The presence of secondary forests may
have affected the expected pattern of functional diversity, therefore,
caution is needed when interpreting this, since the way in which
compensatory dynamics may not involve real functional compensation.
A preliminary study of dynamic neurochemical changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during working memory
Authors: Oh Hyerin , Berrington Adam , Auer Dorothee , Babourina-Brooks Ben , Faas Henryk , Jung Jeyoung
Published: March 2023

Working memory (WM) is one of the fundamental cognitive functions
associated with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, we
still know little about the neurochemical mechanisms of WM in the DLPFC.
Here, we investigated WM-related dynamic neurometabolite and hemodynamic
responses in the DLPFC. We measured Glx (glutamate+glutamine) and GABA
alterations as well as blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal
changes during a WM task combining functional magnetic resonance
spectroscopy and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In the
DLPFC, we found that a 2-back task increased Glx concentrations and
larger BOLD signal changes, and that these task-modulated Glx increases
were positively correlated with task-induced regional activity.
Importantly, task induced Glx changes in the DLPFC were associated with
individual WM performance. Higher Glx increases were associated with
increased DLPFC activation and lower WM task performance in the
individuals. There were no changes in DLPFC GABA levels during WM
processing. Our findings suggest that glutamatergic modulation in the
DLPFC may play a critical role in WM processing and its performance.
Emerging advances of composite membranes for seawater pre-treatment: A review
Authors: Zari Nadia , Jaspal Dipika , Malviya Arti , Allaoui Brahim El , Bouhfid Rachid , Qaiss Abou El Kacem , Bhagwat Sanjay
Published: March 2023

Currently, as the population continues to grow, the preservation of the
world’s water resources is becoming a serious challenge. The seawater
desalination process is considered a sustainable option for the future.
The two most common technologies used in desalination are reverse
osmosis (RO) and membrane distillation (MD). However, membrane fouling
caused by the accumulation of contaminants membrane surface is an
emerging and growing problem. then a pre-treatment stage is required to
reach an optimal efficiency during desalination process, since this
stage is crucial for a successful desalination process. In this regard,
developing new material-based composite membranes has the potential to
upgrade the anti-fouling features of RO membranes and thereby enhance
the desalination efficiency due to the characteristics of these
composite membranes especially, their high permeability, hydrophilicity,
selectivity mechanical strength, thermal stability, and anti-bacterial
property. The objective of this review is to present the main techniques
for seawater pre-treatment. the results of several membrane types and
methods of modification were also discussed. Finally, the performance of
composite membranes for seawater pre-treatment is defined and future
perspectives are highlighted.
Treadmill Exercise Prevents Recognition Memory Impairment in VD rat model through Enhancement of Hippocampal Structural Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: zhang linlin , chen yuanyuan , wu hao , fan yonhzao , li yuzhou
Published: March 2023

In vascular dementia (VD), memory impairment caused by the damage of
synaptic plasticity is the most prominent feature that afflicts patients
and their families. Treadmill exercise has proven beneficial for memory
by enhancing synaptic plasticity in animal models including stroke,
dementia, and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the
effects of treadmill exercise on recognition memory, and structural
synaptic plasticity in VD rat model. Here, our study demonstrated that
VD rat exhibited significantly recognition impairment, while treadmill
exercise improved recognition memory in VD rat. To further investigate
potential mechanisms for the treadmill exercise-induced improvement of
recognition memory, we examined hippocampal structural synaptic
plasticity by means of transmission electron microscopy and golgi
staining in VD rat that had undergone 4 weeks of treadmill exercise. The
results demonstrated that VD rat causes the damage of structural
synaptic plasticity. However, treadmill exercise led to increases in
synapse numbers and the number of dendritic spines in VD rat. Together,
the improvement of VD-associated recognition memory by treadmill
exercises is associated with enhanced structural synaptic plasticity in
VD rat model.
Dissociation Constants (pKa) of Eight Amines: Measurements, Computational Chemistry Calculations, and ANN
Authors: Alluri Venkata , Nguyen William , Henni Amr
Published: March 2023

This work focused on determining the dissociation constants (pKa) for
eight amines, namely, 3-(Diethylamino) propylamine, 1,3-Diaminopentane,
3-Butoxypropylamine, 2-(Methylamino) ethanol, Bis(2-methoxyethyl) Amine,
α-Methylbenzylamine, 2-Aminoheptane, and 3-Amino-1-phenylbutane at
temperatures ranging from 293.15 K to 323.15 K. The protonated order of
two polyamines, 3-(Diethylamino) propylamine and 1, 3-Diaminopentane,
were determined using computational chemistry methods. The dissociation
constants at the standard temperature of 298.15 K were estimated using
group functional models (paper-pencil) and computational methods using
software such as COSMO-RS and Gaussian. In addition, the pKas at various
temperatures were calculated using computational methods for two
different thermodynamic cycle. A simple artificial neural network (ANN)
method was also employed to reduce the calculation time as well as
improve the accuracy. Instead of using the experimental property data,
these could be generated using Aspen Plus or CosmothermX. The simulated
model provided a very good fit to the pKa values.
Believing in religion as a source of value strains among Chinese college students
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Jie
Published: March 2023

In contrast to the Western world, China is a less religious country.
whether in a country without real religions believing in religion would
contribute to the variation in value strain is a worth noting issue.
Based on previous studies, this study further examined the relationship
between religion and suicidality with value strain as a mediating factor
among Chinese college students. Employing cluster sampling, there were
13,250 college students recruited across seven provinces in China. Three
psychometric scales were used to examine religiousness (Religious
Orientation-Revised Scale), value strain levels (Psychological Strain
Scale), and suicidal behaviors (Suicidal Behaviors
Questionnaire-Revised). Both univariate and multivariate analyses were
used to identify the influencing power of religion on value strain and
suicidality. In addition, a series of linear regression analyses were
conducted to examine the mediating effect of value strain on the
association between religion and suicidality. the findings showed that
first, positive relationships between religion and value strain, and
suicidality were both detected; second, adherents to religion were
marginalized which may have caused more value conflict further leading
to a higher suicidal risk among believers.
I fear the “other:” The fight for social resilience through race, politics and gender identities during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mueller Thomas
Published: March 2023

This study explores the development and testing of a social resilience
psychometric scale, through physical and social unrest during the
COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative interviews (N = 40) were aggregated to
define social resilience measured statements. When tested in
quantitative analysis respondents (N = 901) “see myself as a monster”
when evaluating others and are “scared to let people know the real me”
fearing loss of relationships. Anxiety is heightened through a
perception through the measure “could have done better.” When testing
for “want to be liked even when disagree on issues” Black respondents
are significantly different than White, Asian and those expressing other
races. Liberals and moderate conservatives are significantly different
in perception of social resilience, as are those exemplifying feminine
versus masculine traits. Logistic regression testing for “comfortable
with who I am in society” indicates narcissism (65% more likely) and
negative social resilience (56% more likely) are key adapters. Human
wellbeing, the act of perceiving self as a healthy or unhealthy actor in
society, has been influenced through groupthink and polarization of the
“other.” This study suggests the construct of self-esteem has been
pushed into reactive mode. Research that explicates the psychological
dimensions of modern resilience, is warranted.
Convex Optimization Approach to Design Sensor Networks using Information Theoretic Measures
Authors: M Arjun , Jan Nabil Magbool
Published: March 2023

Accurate and precise estimation of process variables is key to effective
process monitoring. The estimation accuracy depends on the choice of the
sensor network. Therefore, this paper aims at developing convex
optimization formulations for designing the optimal sensor network using
information-theoretic measures in linear steady-state data
reconciliation. To this end, the estimation errors are characterized by
a multivariate Gaussian distribution, and thus the analytical form for
entropy and Kullback-Leibler divergences (forward, reverse, and
symmetric) of estimation errors can be obtained to formulate the optimal
sensor network design. The proposed information theoretic-based optimal
sensor selection problems are shown to be integer semidefinite
programming problems where the relaxation of binary decision variables
results in solving a convex optimization problem. Thus, we use a branch
and bound method to obtain a globally optimal sensor network design.
Demonstrative case studies are presented to illustrate the efficacy of
the proposed optimal sensor selection formulations.
Encuesta: ciberviolencia dirigida al docente a través de una examinación de autenticidad por dictamen de árbitros
Authors: González Torres Arturo , Pereira Hernández María Luisa
Published: March 2023

Frente a los altos índices de ciberataques en la actualidad, especialmente en México, es necesario indagar la vulnerabilidad no ya solo de los estudiantes, sino también del docente. Y para ello se requiere de un instrumento que dé cuenta de esta problemática existente. Considerando lo antes expuesto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue constatar la validez de contenido de un instrumento tipo encuesta cuyo propósito es conocer la situación de ciberviolencia del estudiante hacia el docente. Se tomó como referente el cuestionario incluido en el trabajo doctoral realizado en el Instituto de Educación de la Universidad Ciudad de Dublín, en Irlanda, por Challenor (2018). El estudio consistió en tres fases: 1) la búsqueda de bases teóricas, 2) el proceso de traducción y 3) la validez mediante un grupo de ocho investigadores que fungieron de jueces. En cuanto a la validez de criterio, se utilizó la prueba de Friedman. Los hallazgos muestran significancia entre los expertos en la validez del contenido del instrumento evaluado. Como producto final se obtuvo un bosquejo con un total de 33 interrogantes y cinco categorías: 1) Datos sociodemográficos, 2) Capacitación, 3) Seguridad en Internet, 4) Ciberviolencia del estudiantado al docente a nivel personal y observador y 5) Afrontamiento.
USO DO QUIZ COMO FERRAMENTA PARA O ENSINO E A APRENDIZAGEM SOBRE MITOSE
Authors: Jardini Brandão Juliana , Marcelo de Lima Souza Hilton , Fernandes de Miranda Anderson
Published: March 2023

O ensino de Biologia no Ensino Médio é visto pelos estudantes como complexo. No entanto, o uso de tecnologias digitais de aprendizagem, dentre elas o Quiz, podem auxiliar o professor a promover uma aprendizagem mais dinâmica e estimulante. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a aceitabilidade e eficiência do uso de um Quiz, por meio de uma plataforma, na promoção da aprendizagem sobre a temática “Mitose”. Para tanto, 60 estudantes do 1º ano do ensino médio em uma escola pública estadual de Tangará da Serra responderam questionários referente ao ensino de Mitose antes e após a realização de aulas com e sem o uso do Quiz, participando também de uma entrevista. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados estatisticamente e os qualitativos por meio da análise de conteúdo. Como esperado, com a plataforma utilizada nas aulas, observou-se maiores notas e expressiva motivação dos alunos, aspectos estes que foram confirmados pelos relatos obtidos na pesquisa enfatizando a importância do uso do Quiz para a aprendizagem em biologia.
Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) Versus Bier’s Block, in Internal Fixation of Unstable Metacarpal and Phalangeal Fractures of the Hand: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kastanis Grigorios E , A Pantouvaki , P Kapsetakis , I Stavrakakis , MK Siligardou , P Bitados , E Georgali , C Andriopoulos , M Manolaraki
Published: March 2023

Hand fractures are a common injury in emergency department, and the majority of these are stable injuries that can be treated conservatively with excellent functional results. When respective injuries are characterized as unstable, surgical reduction and stabilization is necessary. Generally, these operations are conducted under regional or general anesthesia to avoid pain and tourniquet for bloodless surgical fields. Wide Awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) procedure is described as a local injection of anesthetic agent and epinephrine without tourniquet application, with scope to allow local anesthesia without other sedation and at the same time hemostasis. The purpose of the study is to compare the functional assessment of the hand function during a period of three months after surgical intervention for unstable metacarpal and phalangeal fractures under WALANT versus Biers block. Material &Methods: Between May 2021 to October 2022, 43 patients with unstable metacarpal and phalangeal fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation, 21 cases with Biers block(BB) anesthesia and rest with WALANT technique. Metacarpal fractures appeared in 29 cases and phalangeal fractures in 14 patients. Patients were operated within the first week from the injury. According to implants they employed locking plates, screws and Kirschner wires in two groups. Results: At three months postoperatively, Quick Dash Score is better in WALANT group while patients’ satisfaction does not differ between two groups. In WALANT group immediate postoperative median VA Score appeared 2/10, while in the Biers block group appeared 6/10. Patients which underwent WALANT technique were discharged on the same day after operation, while the patients with regional anesthesia the next postoperative day. Mean duration of analgesic use was sorter in WALANT group (2,3 days) than in BB group (5,7 days). Conclusion: Οbjective of surgical treatment of unstable hand fractures (metacarpal-phalangeal) is early mobilization and enhance hand functionality to avoid stiffness and tendon adhesions. Wide Awake local anesthesia no tourniquet technique is an alternative sedative procedure which immediately offers postoperative numerous advantages (low-cost technique, no complication from tourniquet, decrease sensation of intra or postoperative pain) compared with Bier’s block anesthesia. Based on our results we believe that WALANT technique offers many benefits in surgical treatment of hand fractures and is suggested as first choice anesthesiologist procedure.
Heavy vehicle tyre testing in natural environments
Authors: Tuutijärvi Miro-Tommi , Mahmoudzadeh Andwari Amin , Pirnes Ville , Untinen Jonne
Published: March 2023

This study presents developing of a tyre testing trailer for heavy commercial vehicle tyres at the University of Oulu together with introducing the design of the trailer with different design aspects of the trailer systems. Processes regarding running of the tyre measurements with the trailer as well as the data preparation are performed. The first measurement results are conducted on both snow and wet asphalt conditions. Furthermore, current state and further development plans for the measurement trailer are discussed.
LEARNING PSYCHOLOGY COURSE CONTRIBUTION IN PREPARING PROSPECTIVE PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
Authors: Arsan Wirdayanti
Published: March 2023

Abstrak

This qualitative research with a phenomenological approach aims to analyze the role of the PAI learning psychology course in preparing professional teacher candidates for students majoring in PAI, Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training UIN Datokarama Palu, and to describe the lecture strategies used by lecturers for this purpose. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, involved observation, and documentation. To ensure the validity of the data used triangulation of sources and techniques. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively through data collection, reduction, presentation, and analysis stages. The results of the study show that several roles in the PAI learning psychology course play a role in preparing professional teacher candidates, such as: providing awareness of the different characteristics of students, providing a broad understanding of the duties and roles of teachers, and giving students self-confidence. pursue the profession of a teacher. The strategy used in PAI Learning Psychology lectures is to combine interactive lecture methods, discussions, use of infocus media and digital media through video analysis, and presentation of material with PowerPoint. In addition, problem-based learning is also the most frequently used strategy. With this strategy, students not only receive material but are invited intensively to solve problems related to psychological problems in learning.
Physical fitness and somatic structure in adolescent taekwondo athletes and untrained peers
Authors: Nyrć Monika , Lopuszanska-Dawid Monika
Published: March 2023

Study aim: The purpose of the study was to assess the level of physical fitness (PF) and somatic structure in children training a Korean martial art (ITF taekwondo) and untrained peers and to determine the associations of children’s BMI with that of their parents.

Material and methods: The research material consisted of data from 135 individuals, representing 45 child-mother-father triplets, including 22 triplets with children practicing taekwondo and 23 triplets with untrained children. The children had an average chronological age of 10.08 ± 1.35 years, whereas the age of mothers and fathers was 38.09 ± 4.56 years and 40.57 ± 4.70 years, respectively. Traits analyzed included those evaluated by selected physical fitness tests from the Eurofit Physical Fitness Test battery, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children, and BMI in parents. Statistical analyses included the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman’s correlations, with a significance level set at α = 0.05.

Results: The results showed no significant differences in the somatic structure, physical fitness, BMI, and WHtR in the children studied. However, a tendency was observed for children attending ITF taekwondo classes to be characterized by higher levels of physical fitness. Higher BMI was found in the parents of the trained children and positive correlations were found between the BMI of the trained children and their parents.

Conclusions: Identifying and studying the effect size of PA determinants in adolescents, with a particular focus on the influence of parents, may be the key to improving the health of future generations.
Effects of acute taurine consumption on single bout of muscular endurance resistance exercise performance and recovery in resistance trained young male adults
Authors: Akalp Kaan , Vatansever Şerife , Sönmez Gül Tiryaki
Published: March 2023

Study aim: This study investigated the effect of taurine supplementation on exercise performance and recovery from resistance exercise. The study was conducted with a cross-over design in a double-blind manner.

Material and methods: Ten resistance trained males (age 21.4 ± 2.01 years; BMI: 23.6 ± 2.5 kg/m²) ingested either a taurine (0.1g/kg) supplement or placebo (18 mg aspartame) prior to resistance exercise. Vertical jump, flexibility, balance, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate (HR), maximal voluntary muscle contraction, speed, lactate, glucose and perceived soreness and strain were assessed. The subjects performed two exercise trials with 1 week wash out interval. Blood samples were collected at baseline and before each exercise (chest press, abdominal crunch and leg extension) to analyse plasma levels of lactate and glucose.

Results: Paired-T test results showed statistically significant increment (p < 0.05) in total volume (kg × #repetitions), chest press volume and leg extension volume. Repeated measure ANOVA results demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in lactate and flexibility in trial and time, and in maximal voluntary isometric muscle contraction (MVIC) test in time, trial and trial × time in favour taurine group. No statistically significant differences were found in cardiovascular parameters, glucose, and balance parameters (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: In conclusion, 0.1 g/kg of taurine consumption before resistance exercise could positively affect exercise performance by increasing exercise volume and reducing lactate levels.
Inhibition of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A1 and oxidative stress reduces glycolysis via pyruvate kinase M2 in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Liu Lianhua , Pang Wenyi , Liu Jixiang , Xu Shiqing , Zhang Zhu , Hao Risheng , Wan Jun , Xie Wanmu , Tao Xincao , Yang Peiran , Zhao Lan , Zhai Zhenguo , Wang Chen
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a lethal complication of pulmonary embolism involving pulmonary artery occlusion and microvascular disease. The glucose metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may be perturbed in CTEPH, but the precise mechanisms are unclear. This study investigated glucose metabolism in CTEPH employing pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA)-derived pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and characterized the roles of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and its regulation by heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A1 (hnRNPA1) and ROS in CTEPH.

Methods

PEA tissues and blood samples of CTEPH patients were collected to study the levels of PKM2. Primary PASMCs were isolated from PEA tissues. We used small interfering RNAs to knock down PKM2 and hnRNPAI, and applied antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and mito-TEMPO to reduce ROS production. The expression of glucometabolic genes, ROS production, glycolysis rate and proliferative and migratory activities were analyzed in PEA-derived PASMCs.

Results

PKM2 levels in serum and PEA tissues of CTEPH patients were higher than that of the healthy controls. Compared to the control PASMCs, PEA-derived PASMCs showed increased PKM2 expression and ROS production. The rates of glycolysis, proliferation and migration were increased in PEA-PASMCs and could be mitigated by PKM2 downregulation through hnRNPA1 or ROS inhibition.

Conclusions

Increased glycolysis and PKM2 expression were found in PEA-PASMCs. Inhibition of hnRNPA1 or ROS corrected the aberrant glycolysis, cell proliferation and migration by downregulating PKM2. Regulation of the hnRNPA1/PKM2 axis represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CTEPH.
Comprehensive succinylome analyses reveal that hyperthermia upregulates lysine succinylation of annexin A2 by downregulating sirtuin7 in human keratinocytes
Authors: Niu Xueli , Zhao Yiping , Zhang Tao , Sun Yuzhe , Wei Zhendong , Fu Kangle , Li Jingyi , Tang Mingsui , Wan Wenyu , Gao Xinghua , Chen Hongduo , Qi Ruiqun , Song Bing
Published: March 2023

Background and Objectives

Local hyperthermia at 44°C can clear multiple human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected skin lesions (warts) by targeting a single lesion, which is considered as a success of inducing antiviral immunity in the human body. However, approximately 30% of the patients had a lower response to this intervention. To identify novel molecular targets for anti-HPV immunity induction to improve local hyperthermia efficacy, we conducted a lysine succinylome assay in HaCaT cells (subjected to 44°C and 37°C water baths for 30 min).

Methods

The succinylome analysis was conducted on HaCaT subjected to 44°C and 37°C water bath for 30 min using antibody affinity enrichment together with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results were validated by western blot (WB), immunoprecipitation (IP), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Then, bioinformatic analysis including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, motif characterization, secondary structure, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) was performed.

Results

A total of 119 proteins with 197 succinylated sites were upregulated in 44°C-treated HaCaT cells. GO annotation demonstrated that differential proteins were involved in the immune system process and viral transcription. Succinylation was significantly upregulated in annexin A2. We found that hyperthermia upregulated the succinylated level of global proteins in HaCaT cells by downregulating the desuccinylase sirtuin7 (SIRT7), which can interact with annexin A2.

Conclusions

Taken together, these data indicated that succinylation of annexin A2 may serve as a new drug target, which could be intervened in combination with local hyperthermia for better treatment of cutaneous warts.
Associations of gallbladder and gallstone parameters with clinical outcomes in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Ding Min , Yin Yue , Wang Xueying , Zhu Menghua , Xu Shixue , Wang Le , Yi Fangfang , Abby Philips Cyriac , Gomes Romeiro Fernando , Qi Xingshun
Published: March 2023

Background

Morphologic changes in the gallbladder and gallstones are common in cirrhotic patients, but their associations with outcomes of cirrhotic patients are unclear.

Methods

We retrospectively enrolled 206 cirrhotic patients and measured their gallbladder length and width, gallbladder wall thickness, presence of gallstones, and gallstones’ length and width in axial contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) images. X-tile software was utilized to calculate the optimal cutoff values of these parameters for evaluating survival and hepatic decompensation events in the cirrhosis group. Their associations with survival were explored by Cox regression analyses and Kaplan–Meier curve analyses. Their associations with hepatic decompensation events were evaluated by competing risk analyses and Nelson-Aalen cumulative risk curve analyses where death was a competing event.

Results

Cirrhotic patients with gallbladder length < 72 mm had a significantly higher cumulative survival rate than those with a length of ≥ 72 mm (P = 0.049 by log-rank test), but gallbladder width, gallbladder wall thickness, presence of gallstones, and gallstones’ length and width were not significantly associated with survival (P = 0.10, P = 0.14, P = 0.97, P = 0.73, and P = 0.73 by log-rank tests, respectively). Cirrhotic patients with gallbladder wall thickness < 3.4 mm had a significantly lower cumulative rate of hepatic decompensation events than those with a wall thickness of ≥ 3.4 mm (P = 0.02 by Gray’s test), but gallbladder length and width, presence of gallstones, and gallstones’ length and width were not significantly associated with hepatic decompensation events (P = 0.15, P = 0.15, P = 0.54, P = 0.76, and P = 0.54 by Gray’s tests, respectively).

Conclusion

Changes in gallbladder length and gallbladder wall thickness, rather than gallstone parameters, may be in parallel with the long-term outcomes of cirrhotic patients.
Conservative or non-conservative strategy to advance breeding generation? A case study inEucalyptus benthamiiusing spatial variation and competition model
Authors: de Araujo Marcio José , da Rocha Guilherme Nichele , Estopa Regiane Abjaud , Oberschelp Javier , da Silva Paulo Henrique Müller
Published: March 2023

The greatest challenge faced when breeding populations of forest species is to achieve the right equilibrium among genetic gain and no loss of the effective population size. Thus this study aims to define the best thinning strategy to compose a seed orchard ofEucalyptus benthamiito obtain genetic gain maintaining the effective population size. The population ofE. benthamiistudied consisted of 28 open-pollinated progenies. The diameter at breast height (DBH) and height (H) parameters were determined three years after planting. Measurement data were analyzed and compared using four different mathematical models (with and without competition effect and spatial variation). Strategies considering genetic gain and effective population size were simulated considering the number of families, the number of individuals between families, and the total number of individuals. The mathematical model accounting for the competition effect had the best fit for DBH whereas the model accounting for the environmental variation effect presented the best fit for H. The ranking of BLUPs grouped the families into three clusters (best, intermediate/average, worst/poor families). The strategy that maintains 40 % of the individuals, generates a genetic gain of 13 % in DBH and 8 % in total height while maintaining an effective population size greater than 92 for booth traits.
Ultralight and Very Light Helicopter Rotor Data
Authors: Dudnik Vitaly , Karabut Victor
Published: March 2023

In recent years, a significant number of one- and two-seat lightweight helicopters have come into existence, and this makes it possible to analyse parameters and determine dependencies for this class of helicopters. the knowledge of such dependencies is necessary at the preliminary design stage. the analysis performed in this paper and its comparison with the statistical data of all categories of helicopters made it possible to determine the necessary corrections in the methods of determining the parameters of the helicopter’s rotor systems.
Value of diagnostic data acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Girsh A. O. , Mishenko S. V. , Klementev A. V. , Stukanov M. M. , Chernenko S. V.
Published: March 2023

In work it is provided that early and productive detection of АRDS at patients is justified to carry out on the basis of the following data having diagnostic value which are rational for using in the following sequence: emergence time (the acute beginning within the first 72 hours), a disturbing factor, IO and also results of a  computer tomography of bodies of a  thorax. It is revealed that the radiographic research of lungs can be used in diagnostics of АRDS at patients as an auxiliary method, in combination with abovementioned criteria.
The problem of open and tension pneumothorax at the prehospital stage of emergency care and prospects for its solution
Authors: Golovko K. P. , Nosov A. M. , Zhirnova N. A. , Demchenko K. N. , Komyagin S. E.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is experimental testing of Russian medical devices for the elimination of tension and open pneumothorax.

Objectives of the research. Perform an analysis of the volume of therapeutic measures in the wounded and injured with open and tension pneumothorax. Conduct experimental testing of Russian samples to eliminate tension and open pneumothorax.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 232 patients with polytrauma admitted for treatment at the war surgery department of the Kirov Military Medical Academy in the period from 2015 to 2019. An experimental study was carried out on large biological objects (pigs) to evaluate the effectiveness of eliminating open and tension pneumothorax using products from the UD-02f (paramedic) kit.

Results. A retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 232 patients with polytrauma admitted for treatment at the clinic in the period from 2015 to 2019 was carried out. The incidence of tension pneumothorax was 11.6%. In 44.4% of cases, it was eliminated; in 55.6% of the ambulance teams, tension pneumothorax was not eliminated. Open pneumothorax was diagnosed in 21.1% of those admitted at the prehospital stage. In all cases, the elimination of open pneumothorax was carried out by applying an improvised sealing bandage to the chest. An experimental study of the effectiveness of the UD-02f set showed that the use of products included in this set allows to effectively eliminate the life-threatening consequences of wounds and chest injuries.

Conclusion. Open and tension pneumothorax are severe life-threatening consequences of chest injuries with a development rate of up to 12.1% and 11.6%, respectively. The inclusion of a set for eliminating tension and open pneumothorax disposable, sterile (paramedical) UD-02f, in the complete equipment and training of medical personnel in the procedure for its use, will allow timely and effective elimination of tension or open pneumothorax at the prehospital stage of emergency medical care.
Сardiac manifestations of post-­COVID syndrome: tachycardia
Authors: Bagdasaryan A. S. , Sirunyants A. A. , Pukhnyak D. V. , Kamalyan Zh. A. , Remizova A. I. , Fedicheva N. A.
Published: March 2023

Out of all the cardiac manifestations of post-COVID syndrome, tachycardia has been studied to a lesser extent, while almost all patients complain of palpitations.

The purpose of the study is to reveal the incidence of post-COVID tachycardia syndrome in apparently healthy patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of ivabradine in this category of patients.

Materials and methods. 48 patients revealing no comorbid pathology were examined 12 or more weeks after COVID-19. Materials of instrumental research methods, functional tests, quality of life before and during treatment with ivabradine were studied.

Results. In all patients included in the study, against the background of an autonomic imbalance with a predominance of the activity of the sympathetic part and deterioration in quality of life, the syndrome of post-COVID tachycardia was diagnosed, and a positive effect of ivabradine on heart rate control was revealed.

Conclusion. Tachycardia can be considered a marker of post-COVID syndrome in patients who were apparently healthy before coronavirus infection; it can manifest itself in POTS, NST, or their combination, as well as be accompanied by other cardiac arrhythmias including PVC, SVE, non-sustained SVT, and persistent form of AF. Ivabradine is able to control heart rate and level the manifestations of post-COVID tachycardia syndrome.
Treatment and prevention of atrial fibrillation and flutter: new approaches and unsolved questions
Authors: Shalnev V. I.
Published: March 2023

The article highlights the modern understanding of etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation and flutter and their global burden as the most frequent form of supraventricular sustained tachyarrhythmia. The recent international and Russian national clinical guidelines on the treatment and prevention of atrial fibrillation are briefly discussed. The new antiarrhythmic drugs, presented in recent guidelines are also highlighted. The authors analyze their own experience in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation with IC class drugs (propafenone) at the prehospital stage.
A decade of problems and solutions (to the anniversary of the Department of emergency medical care and injury surgery of the Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University)
Authors: Minnullin I. P. , Razumny N. V. , Sinenchenko A. G.
Published: March 2023

The article summarizes historical materials on the establishment of the Department of Emergency Medical Care and Injury Surgery in St. Petersburg on the basis of the First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after Academician I.P. Pavlov. The main stages of its development are presented, the scientific potential and contribution to the development of emergency and emergency medical care to the population of the city are shown. Since 2012, the staff of the Department, in cooperation with the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine, has contributed to the study and solution of scientific, practical, organizational and methodological issues in the field of emergency medical care in the Russian Federation.
X-RAY endovacular embolization in the treatment of ulcerate gastroduodenal bleeding
Authors: Musinov I. M. , Chikin A. E. , Sandursky G. V. , Kachesov E. Yu.
Published: March 2023

The use of targeted arterial embolization in the treatment of bleeding ulcers was accompanied by technical success in 97.6% of cases, clinical success in 95% of cases, bleeding recurrence occurred in 5% of patients, while repeated arterial embolization was used to eliminate it in 2.5% of cases. Delayed operations were performed in 8.3% of patients, mortality was 6.5%, which allows us to recommend transcatheter arterial embolization for the treatment of patients with ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding.
Respiratory support settings as indicator of the transportability of newborns
Authors: Mukhametshin R. F. , Kovtun O. P. , Davidova N. S.
Published: March 2023

Purpose. To evaluate the predictive value of the parameters of respiratory support for newborn patients with respiratory insufficiency in assessing non-transportability.

Materials and methods. The observational, cohort, retrospective study included data from 284 trips of the transport team to ventilated newborns from August 1, 2017  to December 31, 2018, a subgroup of transportable patients (n=244) and newborns recognized as untransportable due to the presence of respiratory insufficiency (n=40) was identified. The assessment and comparison of anamnesis, the status at the time of arrival of the transport team, intensive care, the parameters of respiratory support and its correction, monitored parameters, as well as assessments on scales — KSHONN, NTISS and TRIPS.

Results. Тhe calculated respiratory parameters have a high predictive value for the non-transportability of newborns: the AUC ROC for the mean airway pressure is 0.858 [0.785–0.931], for the saturation index of oxygenation — 0.931 [0.893–0.970], for the SpO2/FiO2 ratio —  0.937 [0.901–0.973]. These indicators demonstrate significantly higher values of AUC ROC in comparison with the KSHONN scales (AUC=0.812 (0.742–0.882)), NTISS (AUC=0.848 (0.793–0.904)), TRIPS (AUC=0.802 (0.726–0.879)) scales. The high predictor value of the mean airway pressure and the saturation index of oxygenation for nontransportability remains high regardless of the need for catecholamine infusion.

Conclusion. Mean airway pressure, saturation oxygenation index and SpO2/FiO2 ratio demonstrate a high predictive value for the patient’s non-transportability, exceeding the accuracy of the scales (KSHONN, NTISS, TRIPS).
Organization of emergency medical care in the Valdai district of the Novgorod region
Authors: Ratnikov V. A. , Povzun A. S. , Shcheglov A. N. , Gorelov V. P. , Klimshin S. B. , Ilyin D. S. , Boikov A. A. , Kremkov A. V.
Published: March 2023

The average number of incoming calls determining the amount of load on the Valdai emergency care station (ECS) in the Novgorod region is estimated. Calculations of the required number of brigades were carried out, 3 models of the functioning of the ECS were proposed. Possible financing schemes for the work of the ECS have been identified. A comparison of the necessary costs for staff remuneration with two possible financing schemes was carried out. The proposals on the organization of the work of the ECS are formulated.
Left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time is a potentially new marker of short-term and long-term prognosis in patients with acute heart failure’s decompensation and mid-range ejection fraction
Authors: Skorodumova E. G. , Kostenko V. A. , Skorodumova E. A. , Siverina A. V. , Rysev A. V.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: to assess the role of left ventricular (LV) isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) as a predictor of adverse outcome in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) against the background of intermediate ejection fraction (EF) of the left ventricle.

Materials and methods. The study included 121 patients aged 37  to 85 years (mean age 67.2±2.5 years) with ADHF against the background of LV ЕF; 78 — male, 43 are fermale. In all patients, the time between the end of blood flow in the outflow tract and the beginning of blood flow in the inflow tract was determined, i.e., LV IVRT. According to this parameter, the whole group was divided into 3 samples: with an average LV IVRT (70–100 ms — 54 patients), increased (more than 100 ms — 15 patients) — or reduced LV IVRT (less than 70 ms — 52 patients).

Results. The mean LV IVRT in group 1 was 87.5±6.4 ms, in group 2–106.4±9.7 ms, in group 3–55.3±4.1 ms. Hospital mortality (HM) in the entire sample was 5.3%, long-term (24 months) (LM) — 39.6%. The obtained results were subjected to correlation analysis: HM was characterized by a connection with LV IVRT (r= –0.295, p<0.05), but the dependence was inversely proportional. For LM, the correlation coefficient with LV IVRT was 0.519, p><0.05, which is typical for an average connection strength. Conclusions: 1. The value of IVRT in patients with midrange LV EF correlated negatively with the levels of both in-hospital and long-term mortality: low numbers of IVRT statistically significantly predicted an increase in mortality from all causes, while a decrease in mortality was observed at high values of IVRT. 2. In patients who are hospitalized for ADHF against the background of mid-range LV EF, it is advisable to determine the LV IVRT to assess the immediate and long-term prognosis of the disease. Keywords: heart failure, acute decompensation, time of isovolumetric relaxation of the left ventricle, prognosis> ˂ 0.05), but the dependence was inversely proportional. For LM, the correlation coefficient with LV IVRT was 0.519, p ˂ 0.05, which is typical for an average connection strength.

Conclusions: 1. The value of IVRT in patients with midrange LV EF correlated negatively with the levels of both in-hospital and long-term mortality: low numbers of IVRT statistically significantly predicted an increase in mortality from all causes, while a decrease in mortality was observed at high values of IVRT. 2. In patients who are hospitalized for ADHF against the background of mid-range LV EF, it is advisable to determine the LV IVRT to assess the immediate and long-term prognosis of the disease.
Sosyal Medyanın İşe Alım Süreçleri Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: NURATA Zeynep Ceren
Published: March 2023

Günümüzde gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte insan kaynakları uygulamalarında da değişimler yaşanmaktadır. İşe alım süreçlerinde geleneksel insan kaynakları yöntemleri terk edilmeye başlanmış, şirketler tarafından potansiyel adaylara, sosyal medya aracılığıyla ulaşılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu şekilde şirketler daha az maliyetle daha kısa sürede personel istihdam etme olanağına sahip olmuşlardır. Sosyal medyanın ilgi çekmesinde sosyal ağların önemi büyüktür. Günümüzde hem işverenler hem de çalışanlar sosyal ağlar vasıtasıyla karşılıklı etkileşimde bulunmaktadır ve sosyal ağların insan kaynakları süreçlerine sağladığı katkı giderek artmaktadır. Özellikle sosyal medyanın insan kaynakları uygulamalarından işe alım süreçlerine etkisi incelenmeye değer bir konu olarak ortaya çıkmakta ve bu konuda giderek daha fazla çalışma ortaya konmaktadır. Bununla birlikte getirdiği kolaylıklara rağmen sosyal medyanın bazı güvenlik sorunları taşıdığı da bilinmektedir. Bu çalışma ile sosyal medyanın insan kaynakları işe alım sürecine etkisini; seçilen üç sosyal ağ üzerinden, şirketler, insan kaynakları yöneticileri ve çalışanlar perspektifinden inceleyerek konunun çok amaçlı ele alınması ve bu suretle alan yazınına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır.
Enemigos naturales de cochinillas harinosas (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae y Putoidae) asociados a las raíces del café en Colombia
Authors: Gil Zulma Nancy , Constantino Luis Miguel , Benavides Machado Pablo
Published: March 2023

Algunas especies de Pseudococcidae y Putoidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha), son plagas importantes de las raíces del café en varias partes del mundo, para su manejo el control biológico es una alternativa; por lo tanto, en ocho departamentos cafeteros de Colombia se realizó la búsqueda e identificación de enemigos naturales de cochinillas harinosas de las raíces del café. Se recolectaron y depositaron en alcohol muestras de pseudocóccidos y putoideos de 520 fincas, las cuales se limpiaron y se separaron por color y tamaño. Se encontraron 120 especímenes de enemigos naturales en 44 fincas parasitando cochinillas harinosas de las familias Putoidae y Pseudococcidae. Caldas presentó el mayor porcentaje de fincas con parasitoides con 15,3%, le sigue Antioquia con 14,1%, Cauca con 13,8%, Valle del Cauca con 10,4 %, Tolima con 4,2%, Risaralda con 3,8 % y por último Quindío con 1,2%. Posteriormente, se visitaron nuevamente 20 de los predios donde hubo parasitismo y se recolectaron individuos de cochinillas harinosas, las cuales se transportaron vivas al laboratorio. En las cámaras de cría de las cochinillas harinosas emergieron 28 avispas parasitoides adultas, i.e. Aenasius caeruleus Brues, 1910, Aenasius bolowi Mercet, 1947, Aenasius tachigaliae (Brues, 1922), Aenasius af. mitchellae Noyes and Ren, 1995, Zarhopalus putophilus Bennett, 1957, Hambletonia pseudococcina Compere, 1936, Hambletonia sp., Prochiloneurus af. dactylopii (Howard, 1885), Leptomastix sp., Cicoencyrtus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) y cinco adultos cecidómidos (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). También se registraron dos especies de coccinélidos (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) y un hongo antagonístico Trichoderma sp. De estos hallazgos puede concluirse que existen varias especies de enemigos naturales que están ejerciendo control natural en campo sobre las cochinillas harinosas que infestan las raíces del café. Se recomienda explorar una alternativa de control biológico por aumentación.