bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ambiwalentny obraz faweli Santa Marta na tle przemian pacyfikacyjnych
Authors: Lipiński Kamil
Published: May 2021

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest rzucenie wyzwania opisu przemian faweli Santa Marta w Rio de Janeiro, ambiwalentnego obrazu tej przestrzeni zrodzonego po jej pacyfikacji i widzianego przez pryzmat postindustrialnej analizy Edwarda Soji. W tym celu autor omawia potencjalne zagrożenia związane z separacją jej od innych części miasta, gatekeepingiem i inkryminacją. Ostatnie uwagi dotyczą zaś tego, jak restrukturyzacja faweli Santa Marta, pomimo swojej kryminalnej historii, artykułuje nowe rozwiązania poprzez wzbudzenie zainteresowania zwiedzających  wraz z wielobarwnym kolorowaniem fasad domów mieszkalnych u stóp wzgórza w ramach projektu Oh Morro Jeroena Koolhaasa i Dre Urhahna.
W sprawie konieczności zachowania przedludzkich systemów komunikacyjnych (bezjęzykowych) w kontekście zachowania bioróżnorodności
Authors: Puppel Stanisław
Published: May 2021

On the basis of the existing and unquestioned linguistic stance, a division of all the living creatures inhabiting the Earth into those which do not have language (i.e. prehuman and languageless) and those who have language (i.e. the genus Homo sapiens) is postulated. The paper briefly discusses a rich diversity of communication modes occurring in the domain of the prehuman communication systems, such as the auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, electric, thermal, and seismic ones, with appropriate graphic illustrations. Furthermore, on the basis of the phenomenon of the observable shrinking of this diversity and the key position of the human species, it postulates the necessity of preserving this diversity in the context of biodiversity. This major postulate is in accord with the need to intensify attempts to preserve biodiversity as well as preserve the remaining diversity on the level of the prehuman communication systems as a major challenge of modern humanity. In this context, the human species is considered here as the species of the ‘overseers’ and ‘archivers’ of all the existing communication systems existing on the Earth as the carrier of the tree of life.
Безопасность в польской и русской аксиосферах языкового сознания
Authors: Rodziewicz Barbara
Published: May 2021

In this study, the focus is placed on the semantic content of several concepts in the language consciousness of Polish and Russian speakers revealed by means of the free associative test. Particular attention is paid to the real content of the concepts bezpieczeństwo and безопасность. The paper reports on the results of the comparative analysis of data obtained by means of a free non-directional associative experiment. The distribution of cognitive characteristics according to the degree of brightness in the structure of the concepts is presented. Special attention is paid to identifying similarities and differences in the semantic content and the semantic volume of the investigated concepts. The examined data, taken from associative dictionaries, allow for describing the dynamics of the process of conceptualization as well as for presenting the peculiarities of both concepts. The paper further discusses the formats of the conceptualization of bezpieczeństwo and безопасность and the language dynamics of the objectification of these formats.
Imiona chrześcijańskie w Synodyku nowogrodzkim z końca XIV–XV wieku
Authors: Wójtowicz Marian
Published: May 2021

The article contains an analysis of Christian names selected from the oldest synodicon written in the Lisitsky monastery near Veliky Novgorod. The analysis comprises 3190 names of laypeople, amongst which are 208 male names and 58 female names. The author discusses the group of given names (basic forms, their phonetic, morphological variants and frequency, as well as rarely used names that occurred in the synodicon).
Эпоха деятельности профессора Анджея Ситарского – расцвет познанской украинистики (воспоминание-посвящение как эго-текст)
Authors: Kosmeda Tetyana
Published: May 2021

The paper is devoted to a holistic analysis of the scientific-organisational and scientific-didactic activity of the Head of the Institute of Russian and Ukrainian philology, Professor Andrzej Sitarski (2008–2019). In the paper, the author presents her reflections on the status of ego-texts along with their categories. The authorʹs attention is primarily focused on the evaluation of Professor Sitarski’s role in the upbringing of talented linguists, as well as on his personal contribution to the development of Poznań Ukrainian studies. The in-depth analysis is conducted on the basis of the category of memory that is depicted in ego-text genres, including the genre of memoirs-dedications. Professor Sitarski has an outstanding linguistic personality of a bilingual that boils down to particular verbal and nonverbal properties represented through his psychotype – his abilities of the elite linguistic character of a scientist and lecturer of Russian language are distinctive for him.
Napisy filmowe jako źródło ekwiwalentów przekładowych w polsko-czeskim korpusie równoległym InterCorp
Authors: Charciarek Andrzej
Published: May 2021

The article focuses on using film subtitles in the process of establishing Polish-Czech language pairs. Research material comes from the resources of the OpenSubtitles website with non-professional subtitling. The research material was analysed using KonText – the main search tool in InterCorp. As a starting point, the author analysed a dictionary entry for the Polish exclamation cholera in a traditional Polish translation dictionary like Polish-Czech Dictionary (Oliva). It presents translation equivalents in translation pairs such as cholera – sakra, hergot, do cholery – do hajzlu, idź do cholery – táhni ke všem čertům, do jasnej cholery – k sakru, do hajzlu, cholera mnie bierze – čerti mě berou. All the translation equivalent pairs have been analysed using the corpus analysis with three functionalities available in the KonText search engine: type of question (typ dotazu), content of the equivalent (obsahuje), and limiting search (omezit hledání). The conducted corpus analysis allowed for the verification of information in the traditional dictionary, but also to find newequivalents that have not been registered yet which could also be used in translation.
Profile semantyczne przyjaciela i wroga w polsko-, rosyjsko- i niemieckojęzycznym obrazie świata
Authors: Gawarkiewicz Roman
Published: May 2021

The article aims at reconstructing and comparing the cultural meanings contained in the concepts friend and enemy. To achieve the objective, the author referred to research methodologies elaborated by cognitive linguists. Particularly useful were those approaches which emphasize the necessity of including both the role of cognitive processes in descriptions of language and its historical, cultural and social underpinnings. In such approaches, questionnaires and surveys are accepted as sources of empirical data. In the current study, an analysis of the specific connotations attached to the concepts friend and enemy in Polish, German and Russian is performed. The obtained results allow for creating a hierarchy of the criteria that speakers of the three languages take into consideration, and for establishing significant similarities and differences between the Polish, German and Russian semantic profiles of the two concepts.
Building inclusive workplaces for lesbians and bisexual women in Hong Kong’s financial services industry
Authors: TANG Denise Tse-Shang , TENG Stefanie , TAN Celine , LAM Bonnie , YUAN Christina
Published: May 2021

Workplace inclusion is a core component of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Hong Kong. Workplace inclusion points to the need for employers to recognize diversity among employees, to acknowledge their contributions to the work environment and to raise professional standards for the work force. Diversity within a workplace indicates inclusion of persons with different backgrounds as in racial, ethnic, sex, health status, sexual orientation and gender identity. Women are already less represented at senior levels across various business sectors in Hong Kong. Lesbians and bisexual women face a double glass ceiling in the workplace as a result of both their gender and sexual orientation. Funded by Lingnan University’s Innovation and Impact Fund, and in partnership with Interbank Forum and Lesbians in Finance, Prof. Denise Tse-Shang Tang conducted an online survey and two focus groups targeting lesbians and bisexual women working in Hong Kong’s financial and banking industry. The aim of the study is to examine the specific challenges and barriers faced by lesbians and bisexual women in Hong Kong’s financial services industry. We found that only 37% of survey respondents were out at work, with 23% partially out to close colleagues. In other words, there are still key concerns with being out at work. On the issue of a glass ceiling for LGBT+ corporate employees, 18% of the survey respondents agreed and 47% somewhat agreed that such a ceiling exists. When asked whether it is harder for lesbians and bisexual women to come out in the workplace than it is for gay men, 32% agreed and 46% somewhat agreed. 27% agreed and 39% somewhat agreed with the statement that it is difficult for lesbians and bisexual women to climb up the corporate ladder. Other findings pointed to the low visibility of lesbians and bisexual women in corporate settings, lack of mentorship, increased levels of stress and anxiety, and the fear of being judged as both a woman and a lesbian. Masculine-presenting employees face significantly more scrutiny than cisgender female employees. Therefore, even though discussion on diversity and inclusion has been on the agenda for better corporate work environment in Hong Kong, there still remain gaps in raising awareness of lesbian and bisexual women’s issues.
Afrikai vasutak kínai segítséggel – Kinek éri meg?
Authors: Bucsky Péter
Published: May 2021

In Kenya and Ethiopia the new railways financed by Chinese loans and built by Chinese technology and by Chinese companies are already in service. Lot of people see these as a boost for development, but both of them are upgrades of already existent lines. It is questionable whether or not the countries will be able to repay the costs of these investments, and the railways can generate so high additional growth that can finance the loans. There are also other options for railway development than Chinese loans and it is interesting to analyse which option is the most straightforward and beneficial for the Africa countries from the current examples and potentials for railway development. From the analysis we can see that Chinese loans do not seem to be the best solution, countries are taking very high debt for projects with risky returns. The example of Tanzania shows that open international procurement and competition can lead to cheaper and sustainable railway development in Africa, as opposed to Chinese loan-driven investment schemes.
Tudományágak a szakosodás és a populáris kultúra határán
Authors: Kicsindi Edina
Published: May 2021

Scientific associations that still exist today were founded all across Europe since the middle of the 19th century. Magyar Földrajzi Társulat (Hungarian Geographical Society; now: Magyar Földrajzi Társaság) was created in 1872, Magyarországi Néprajzi Társaság (Hungarian Ethnographical Society; now: Magyar Néprajzi Társaság) in 1889; but they were different from today’s similar organizations in their basic goals, tasks and their membership as well. These associations were “hybrids” of sorts: they possessed both a scientific side and a science-popularizing side that aimed for a large number of members for financial security. The Hungarian Geographical Society used the huge public interest surrounding the exploration of Africa better: inviting explorers returning from Africa, public readings and regular news based on foreign associations’ publications served undoubtedly the above mentioned popularizing purpose. However the geographers of the early 20th century voiced harsh critiques against the sensationalism of the Hungarian Geographical Society. At the same time Hungarian geography as a science was not lagging behind that of Western Europe at the time of the explorations. 1870-1880 were the decades of Central African exploration, and the main focus of Western European geographical publications and events as well. The official journal of the Hungarian Ethnographical Society, Ethnographia containing much fewer Africa-centric publications is partly due to the Association having been created at the end of the explorations. However, while Földrajzi Közlemények (the official journal of the Hungarian Geographical Society) followed the political movements of Europe in Africa between 1890 and 1900, even though the time of explorations was over, Ethnographia distanced itself from these in favour for more professional content. Földrajzi Közlemények and Hungarian geography in general only followed suit after 1900.
Benyovszky és a rabszolgakereskedelem
Authors: Rákóczi István
Published: May 2021

225 esztendeje, 1786. május 26-án, negyven(öt) évesen, tűzharcban éri a halál gróf Benyovszky Móricot Madagaszkár szigetén. De vajon hányszor hal meg egy kalandor? Vagyis, hány életet él? Erről, és egy új dokumentumról szól ennek kapcsán írásunk, ami ezzel inkább csak szakaszolja, egymás mellé rendezi az ismert életpálya legutolsó, alig ismert szakaszának az elemeit. A kérdés persze az, hogy a kalandorok koraként leírt XVIII. század második fele – Benyovszky Cagliostro, Casanova, Beaumarchais kortársa is –, teremti-e meg ezeket a hősöket vagy a róluk szóló irodalom? „Regényes életet éltek”, „az életük kész regény”, mondjuk, pedig az irodalmi maszk, és esetünkben persze a „nagy mesélő” Jókai Mór mesteri keze, ami Benyovszky Emlékiratai és Utazásai-nak magyar kiadásával a történelemtudományig is elér, egyszerre alkot regényhőst figyelme tárgyából és teremti meg e hősnek nálunk is tartós kultuszát. A história mindenesetre megkülönbözteti a dolgok történetét – amire emlékezünk – és ugyanazon dolgok megtörténtének hagyományát, tehát, amit utólag kezdünk vele. Az „élő” Benyovszkyt mindkét „emlékműve” rárakódott öntőformáitól meg kellene fosztanunk persze ahhoz, hogy akárcsak a „halotti maszkja” hasonlítson azokhoz a vonásokhoz, ráncokhoz, amikbe e végső lenyomat merevíti. Természetesen e helyütt csak arra tehetek kísérletet, hogy élete legkevésbé ismert utolsó mozzanatait másfajta megvilágításba helyezzem, mint az eddig volt megszokott. Benyovszky halála ugyanis, – miként egész élete – számos kérdést vet fel.
The Conditions of Development of The Anti-Genocide Movement in The Usa in The Context of The Prevention of Genocide in Africa
Authors: Kościółek Jakub
Published: May 2021

The United States of America ratified the Anti-genocide Convention only thirtysix years after its initial signature. It was passed to the Senate for the first time by President Harry Truman in 1949. It evoked great controversy as it was perceived as something that might be favorable to communist regimes and possibly be an attack on the basic rights of US citizens. Successive attempts to pass it began much later in 1970 due to the support from Richard Nixon who backed the ratification initiative. The main reason for the reluctance to pass the convention was its record on international jurisdiction on persons responsible for genocide.
Creating and Enhancing Capacity in Africa for Efficient Economic and Social Development
Authors: Cole Lawalley
Published: May 2021

We estimate that by 2050, one-third of the world’s population will live in Africa: up from about one-fifth in 2012. Such growth will be imbalanced across Africa with Southern and North African countries characterised by slowing or even negative youth population growth, while West Central, and East African countries will experience significant youth population increases. Sub-Saharan Africa will have a considerably higher youth–to-population ratio over the next 35 years. The continent must, therefore, be ready for an increasingly young labour force.
Securitization and Militarization of The Border: Security Dilemma in Post-1998 Ethiopia and Eritrea
Authors: Gebrewahd Meressa Tsehaye
Published: May 2021

The post-1991 Ethiopia and Eritrea were hoped to become promising and exemplary states in Africa. But, after seven years of euphoria, national stability and security trapped both countries into a bloody conflict, and their relation is now in structural crisis: the ‘no war, no peace’ dilemma. Their security dilemmas are basically centered on the antagonistic foreign and national security as well as nation-building policies. The post-independence nation-building attempt to forge a militarized single national identity in Eritrea, under the motto of “one people, one heart” and the remaking of the age-old Ethiopian state based on ethnic federalism further deepen the nation-building dilemma. The post-1998 security dilemma between the two states is, therefore, the result of securing Eritrea’s nation-building policies and the militarization of the Yika’alo-Warsay generation where Ethiopia has been made to be “a relevant enemy to its Singaporization vision” and Eritrea is subsequently viewed as a “relevant enemy to Ethiopia’s renaissance vision and securitization of poverty”. During the militarization of the borders, Badme still remains symbolically the hotbed of the ‘no war, no peace’ regime. This article, therefore, analyzes the post-2000 security dilemma between Ethiopia and Eritrea and the subsequent dynamics that have led to securing and/or militarizing their relations.
Sharing Sovereignty
Authors: Balázs Tamás
Published: May 2021

The paper argues that conventional sovereignty can no longer account for France’s perception as a great power, therefore, suggests Stephen Krasner’s approach in analyzing French Africa policy. The basic assumption is that France can maintain its relative power by intervening in weak and failing states in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions in its former colonies have long played a vital role in enhancing France’s perception as a great power in the international system and in the protection of its vital national interests worldwide. Since the decolonization, there have been around fifty interventions on the continent.
Monetáris politikai kihívások a szubszaharai régióban
Authors: Pásztor Szabolcs
Published: May 2021

The monetary policy of the Sub-Saharan countries is a lesser-known field for those Hungarian readers who are interested in Africa. In the last few decades several fundamental changes took place so a short synthesis is badly needed to better understand this issue. Apart from the fact that this study tries to shed light on the monetary policy challenges of different periods, it also places much emphasis on the contemporary issues in central banking.After the turn of the new millenium the central banks have been struggling with unpredictable fiscal policies, the appropriate treatment of the revenues of the natural resources, not to mention the inflow of foreign aid. It is also highly important to monitor the frequency of the supply shocks and the efficiency of the monetary transmission mechanism. After shedding more light on these issues, the paper tries to focus on the role of the exchange rates, the room for manoeuvre of the central banks in the financial stability and the adequate management of the revenues stemming from the export of natural resources.
A „néger zene” földrajzából
Authors: A. Gergely András
Published: May 2021

A. Gergely András a következő művet mutatta be:

Leroi Jones: A blues népe. Néger zene a fehér Amerikában. Európa Könyvkiadó, 2007. Modern Könyvtár 185., Budapest, 300 oldal
Afrika megismerésének útján
Authors: Biernaczky Szilárd
Published: May 2021

Biernaczky Szilárd a következő művet mutatta be:

(1) Tarrósy István: Afro-ázsiai dinamikák. Tanulmányok ázsiai államok afrikai szerepvállalásáról, 2016, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 239 old.(2) Tarrósy István – Szabó Loránd – Goran Hyden ed.: The African Stat e in a Changing Global Context, 2011, Berlin, LIT Verlag, 216 old.(3) Biedermann Zsuzsánna: Genocídium és desta bilizáció az afrikai nagy ta vak régióban. A konfliktusok gazdasági vetülete, 2015, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 249 old.(4) Besenyő János: A nyugat -szaharai válság – Egy magyar békefennta rtó szemével, 2012, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 353 old.(5) Besenyő János: Dárfúr. A lángoló ta rtomány, 2016, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 249 old.(6) Marsai Viktor – Hett yey András: Szomália. Állami összeomlás és konszolidációs kísérletek Afrika szarván, 2013, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 249 old.(7) Tarrósy István – Glied Viktor – Keserű Dávid szerk.: Új népvándorlás. Migráció a 21. században Afrika és Európa között , 2012, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 294 old.(8) Tarrósy, István – Glied, Viktor – Vörös, Zoltán szerk.: Migrációs tendenciák napjainkban, 2014, Pécs, Publikon Kiadó, 376 old.(9) Pusztai Gabriella: Senki sem élhet nemesebben. Magyar orvosok Fekete-Afrikában, 2016, Kunszentmárton, Helytörténeti Múzeum, 255 old.(10) Biedermann Zsuzsánna – Kiss Judit szerk.: A szubszaharai Afrika gazdasága a XXI . században, 2017, Budapest, Akadémiai Kiadó, 396 old.(11) Ágh Attila – Varga Gyula: Marokkó, az iszlám csodaországa, 2013, Budapest, Kossuth Könyvkiadó, 192 old.(12) Besenyő János – Prantner Zoltán – Speidl Bianka – Vogel Dávid: Az Iszlám Állam. Terrorizmus 2.0. Történet, ideológi a, propaganda, 2016, Budapest, Honvéd Vezérkar Tudományos Kutatóhely – Kossuth Könyvkiadó, 251 old.(13) Simon Róbert: Az iszlám fundamenta lizmus. Gyökerek és elágazások Mohamedtől az al-Qá’idáig, 2014, Budapest, Corvina Kiadó, 486 old.(14) Simon Róbert: Politika az iszlámban. A muszlim társadalom anatómiája, 2016, Budapest, Corvina Kiadó, 584 old.(15) Kecskési Mária: The Matengo in Southwestern Tanzania. History, Tradition, Development (A matengók Dél-Nyugat Tanzániában), 2018, Munich, Museum Fünf Kontinente, 255 old. – Rövidített angol nyelvű kiadása a „Die Matengo in Südwest-Tansania” című tanulmány-kötetnek, München, 2007, Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde, 397 old.
Valahol a milliónyi kesudiófa árnyékában rejtezik egy ország: Bissau Guinea
Authors: Nagy Bendegúz Lóránd
Published: May 2021

Úti beszámoló Nagy Bendegúz Lóránd tollából. „Bissau az eddigi egyetlen afrikai főváros, ahol kerekesszékkel is halálfélelem nélkül lehet sétálni, a Ceiba Hotel előtt az utcán kesudiót rágva netet és időt lopni.”
The Treason of The Intellectuals an Essay About the Hungarian Lesson
Authors: Szélinger Balázs
Published: May 2021

As the subtitle indicates, this is not a scholarly article based on research but one almost identical to the oral presentation I gave during the workshop “30 Years of Freedom – Farewell to Communism in Hungary, Local and Global Lessons” in Addis Ababa on October 25, 2019, organized jointly by the Embassy of Hungary in Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian Civil Service University, the Hungarian National University of Public Service, and the University of Pécs, Hungary. I made every effort to strengthen my arguments with valuable references.
Észak-Afrika és a Földközi-tenger térségének geopolitikai kihívásai, különös tekintettel a mezőgazdaságra és az élelmezés-biztonságra
Authors: Somogyi Norbert
Published: May 2021

Most climate change models clearly indicate that the process will have more serious effects than average in North Africa, particularly on agricultural production. In parallel, current demographic trends show that population growth in Africa, including the Northern African region is continuous and dynamic, which requires more food, especially basic foodstuff, however, despite the fact that the continent has significant agricultural potential, it is not self-sufficient in food. The stake is high, as dependence on foodimport has to be at least stabilised or reduced if it is possible, in this region where the population is rapidly growing and climate change has several negative impacts. However, geopolitical stability of the region is essential not only for Mediterranean, but also for the whole European continent.Due to the effects of complex crises (such as economic, environmental and ecological), the development of proper international development policy strategies is ever more prevalent, in order to recover the economy of countries mostly affected by the migration threat, to create jobs and to reduce young people’s willingness to migrate. As agriculture has a vital role in this field, focusing on agricultural development programs is essential. Evidently, application of environmental friendly agriculture which can provide the protection and sustainable use of soils and water on growing areas is a key factor in this situation from an agronomic point of view. In socio-economic aspects the most important issues are eliminating conflicts which hamper sustainable soil management and ensuring generation change within farmer society. Development of infrastructure and trade routes is also necessary, furthermore, questions of water and water use, investments are important to underline. Investing in agricultural projects is initially an expensive, but recoverable solution anyway, and it is clear that development of agriculture research in these countries also serves long-term social objectives.
Afrikai beszélő dobok
Authors: Brauer-Benke József
Published: May 2021

An overview of the available historical data regarding the so-called “talking drums” leads to the general conclusion that their most prominent shared feature is their original use for communication. On the grounds of the migrations of various ethnic groups and the comparison of the different types of drums, a likely explanation for the distribution over West Africa of these drums must be sought in the phenomenon of the so-called stimulus diffusion, and the basic idea behind such instruments must originate in the region north of the Sahara; it is also possible that the origin of such instruments can be traced back to an Indian drum type. A comparison of the relevant data with the slitdrums, which also serve for communicative purposes, allows one to conclude that the membranophonic talking drums of West Africa mimicked the sounds of spoken language, while the idiophonic slitdrums of East and Central Africa must have originally been used for a concept-based coding of messages. It is the interaction of the two systems of communication that must have led to the diffusion of drum languages imitating the spoken languages among the ethnic groups using slitdrums. Unlike slitdrums, the various types of talking drums have proven quite resilient. Their survival is due to the tendency of the authentic musical traditions of the West African region to be transformed into popular music styles and thereby perpetuate themselves not only within the region but also at musical events and the music industry of the West, where they find an appreciative audience. Having lost their communicative function and acquired a new role as musical accompaniment, they survive in their natural environment as well as in the role of exotic instruments at various world music festivals.
Missziók a varázslat, járvány, segítségnyújtás bűvkörében
Authors: A. Gergely András
Published: May 2021

A. Gergely András a következő művet mutatta be:
Turóczi Ildikó: Varázslatok, járványok, missziók. Publikon Kiadó, Pécs, 2019
Kelet-afrikát megjárt magyar hírességek portréi
Authors: Tanulmányok Afrika
Published: May 2021

Gaál Tibor, Kittenberger Kálmán, Löffler Imre, Mészáros Kálmán, Polónyi Károly, Rózsa Imre, Sass Flóra, Sáska László, Széchenyi Zsigmond, Teleki Sámuel, Vámos György portréja
Moving toward student-faculty partnership in systems-level assessment: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Curtis Nicholas A , Anderson Robin D.
Published: May 2021

Partnership models have been effective across many areas of higher education such as involving students as teaching and learning consultants, in course design and redesign, and as co-instructors. However, there are few systems-level (i.e., entire programs or institutions) examples of partnership work and virtually none in systems-level assessment. Systems-level assessment models, such as program-level assessment in the United States, are used to inform broad changes to academic programs. Thus, student input may be crucial. This study sought to explore the broad factors that underlie potential student-faculty partnership efforts in systems-level assessment. Participants were faculty and staff members based in the United States and the United Kingdom who engaged in student-faculty partnerships at the program and/or classroom level. Qualitative coding and analyses of interviews with participants resulted in seven primary themes. This study examines patterns evident in student-faculty partnership work across several areas of higher education and begins to lay the foundation for a theory of student-faculty partnership in systems-level assessment.
From protest to progress through partnership with students: Being human in STEM (HSTEM)
Authors: Bunnell Sarah , Lyster Megan , Greenland Kristen , Mayer Gabrielle , Gardner Kristen , Leise Tanya , Kristensen Thea , Ryan Emma D , Ampiah-Bonney Richmond , Jaswal Sheila S
Published: May 2021

In Fall 2015, Amherst College students held a four-day sit-in in unity with student protests occurring all over the United States highlighting barriers to inclusion of underrepresented and marginalized students.Following appeals for action, students partnered with faculty and staff in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to develop the Being Human in STEM (HSTEM) Initiative. HSTEM involves exploring past diversity and inclusion efforts in STEM, sharing one’s own experiences in STEM with others, and developing student-driven projects to improve belonging in STEM. In this student, faculty, and staff co-authored paper, we describe the origin of HSTEM; share student, faculty and staff reflections on our experiences with HSTEM; and present two inquiry projects examining HSTEM impact. We discuss lessons learned and recommendations for diversity and inclusion efforts in higher education, both in and beyond STEM, emphasizing the power of an initiative that was originated by and remains driven by student partners.
Cultivating student agency and responsibility through peer-to-peer teaching
Authors: Storey Angela , Eckel-Sparrow Hannah , Ransdell Henrietta
Published: May 2021

This case study explores an eight-semester Peer Educator Program in the Department of Anthropology at the (school blinded) to train undergraduates in teaching practices, craft spaces of partnership, and expand learning within large General Education courses. Peer Educators self-select from any major and gain knowledge on lesson planning and facilitation, working in small groups to decide content, plan, and teach bonus sessions for introductory courses. We argue that peer-to-peer teaching reworks lines of responsibility within and around classrooms such that student agency is cultivated both for students engaged in partnership activities and those taught by student partners. Peer education thus becomes a hinge around which authority is shifted and educational agency enacted in Students as Partners programs might be extended to wider student populations. Authors include two undergraduate Peer Educators and the faculty coordinator.
Investigations on Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Crystalline Effect of Neem/Banyan Fiber–Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composite
Authors: Raja Thandavamoorthy , Anand Palanivel
Published: May 2021

Natural fiber is often considered to be deficient for high-performance reinforcement of polymer matrix composites. However, the environmental aspects of natural fiber are attractive to many researchers in the area of natural composites because of the specific strength and eco-friendly properties of natural fibers. In this research, alkali-treated natural fibers are chopped neem fibers, and bidirectional woven mat was used as reinforcement and blended with epoxy matrix. Also, sawdust cellulose was used as a filler material to fabricate composite laminates by the conservative hand layup method. The composite laminates are varied by different weight fractions of reinforcement (25 %), epoxy matrix (70 %), and filler (5 %). Then, to quantify the effect of storage modulus, loss modulus and the damping factor of the hybrid composites are taken by conducting dynamic mechanical analysis. Maximum storage modulus is 1,343 MPa. The results show that increasing the bidirectional woven fiber loading will give 61 % more stiffness in the elastomeric region when compared to chopped neem fiber loading in the hybrid composites, and analyses of the crystallinity effects by x-ray diffraction also identify the adhesion quality between the fibers, fillers, and matrix by using the surface morphology test scanning electron microscopy of the hybrid composites.
Synergistic Effects of Acoustics-based Therapy and Immunotherapy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Bao Yuheng , Chen Jifan , Huang Pintong , Tong Weijun
Published: May 2021

Cancer is an intractable disease and has ability to escape immunological recognition. Cancer immunotherapy to enhance the autogenous immune response to cancer tissue is reported to be the most promising method for cancer treatment. After the release of damage-associated molecular patterns, dendritic cells come mature and then recruit activated T cells to induce immune response. To trigger the release of cancer associated antigens, cancer acoustics-based therapy has various prominent advantages and has been reported in various research. In this review, we classified the acoustics-based therapy into sonopyrolysis-, sonoporation-, and sonoluminescence-based therapy. Then, detailed mechanisms of these therapies are discussed to show the status of cancer immunotherapy induced by acoustics-based therapy in quo. Finally, we express some future prospects in this research field and make some predictions of its development direction.
The Role of the Lateral Habenula in Inhibitory Learning from Reward Omission
Authors: Sosa Rodrigo , Mata-Luévanos Jesús , Buenrostro-Jáuregui Mario
Published: May 2021

The lateral habenula (LHb) is a phylogenetically primitive brain structure that plays a key role in learning to inhibit distinct responses to specific stimuli. This structure is activated by primary aversive stimuli, cues predicting an imminent aversive event, unexpected reward omissions, and cues associated with the omission of an expected reward. The most widely described physiological effect of LHb activation is acutely suppressing midbrain dopaminergic signaling. However, recent studies have identified multiple means by which the LHb promotes this effect as well as other mechanisms of action. These findings reveal the complex nature of LHb circuitry. The present paper reviews the role of this structure in learning from reward omission. We approach this topic from the perspective of computational models of behavioral change that account for inhibitory learning to frame key findings. Such findings are drawn from recent behavioral neuroscience studies that use novel brain imaging, stimulation, ablation, and reversible inactivation techniques. Further research and conceptual work are needed to clarify the nature of the mechanisms related to updating motivated behavior in which the LHb is involved. As yet, there is little understanding of whether such mechanisms are parallel or complementary to the well-known modulatory function of the more recently evolved prefrontal cortex.
Series: Cardiovascular outcome trials for diabetes drugs Degludec and DEVOTE
Authors: Fisher Miles
Published: May 2021

DEVOTE (Trial Comparing Cardiovascular Safety of Insulin Degludec versus Insulin Glargine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardio-vascular Events) was an FDA-mandated cardiovascular outcome trial and was the first – and at present the only – completed trial comparing two insulins. DEVOTE compared insulin degludec and insulin glargine (U100) in 7,637 people with type 2 diabetes with established cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, or both, and older diabetic patients with increased cardiovascular risk. DEVOTE demonstrated non-inferiority for major cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, non-fatal myocardial infarction and non-fatal stroke, with a pre-specified non-inferiority margin of 1.3. At 24 months the mean HbA1c was similar in the two groups. Mean fasting plasma glucose was significantly lower in the degludec group than in the glargine group, and pre-specified severe hypoglycaemia was also significantly lower in the degludec group. DEVOTE satisfied the FDA cardiovascular safety requirements for new antidiabetic therapies.
Nuclear Power Plants event classification based on International Reporting System (IRS)
Authors: Vital Richard Brandão Nogueira , Araujo Jefferson Borges , Vital Tatiane Melo
Published: May 2021

The exchange of information between several business activities can lead to an increase in productivity and quality. In nuclear area, besides economic benefits, the operating experience exchanged can increase of the safety level of nuclear installations. Thus, it´s necessary to evaluate frequently operational occurrences from different countries and companies to learn with their lessons learned to prevent a recurrent events or unexpected consequences.  Because this, several methodologies are recommended to investigate events in an adequate level of depth and perform reports based on local requirements. Generally, these reports contain plant conditions before and after an event occurs (operation mode, operation limits and condition, date and time, nuclear and electrical power) and their information (failure discovery methods, impact to the safety, classification from INES and national regulation scale, similar events, relation to human factors, activation of emergency plan, recommended actions, root cause and causal factors). To allow the exchange of experience the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) maintain an Incident Reporting System (IRS) that permits interaction of several member states. In this system, a local coordinator collects information of the most relevant operating events and performs an evaluation of them based on IRS Guideline presented in an annual meeting. This paper evaluates a set of approximately four hundred events reported in IRS between 2014 and 2018. This evaluation has the objective of identify the most recurrent event root causes, operation mode and the effectiveness of corrective actions in course in the nuclear industry.
Numerical and experimental investigation of the water flow through PWR spacer grids
Authors: Castro Higor Fabiano Pereira de , Vidal Guilherme Augusto Moura , Vieira Tiago Augusto Santiago , Silva Vitor Vasconcelos Araújo , Campolina Daniel de Almeida Magalhães , Barros Graiciany de Paula , Gonçalves Rebeca Cabral , Dos Santos Andre Augusto Campagnole , Veloso Maria Auxiliadora Fortini
Published: May 2021

Spacer grids are one of main components of a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) fuel assembly. They are able to improve heat transfer from rod bundles to the water flow by increasing turbulence and mixture of this flow. On the other hand the pressure drop increases because spacer grids. Experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis have been used to understand how spacer grids affect the water flow. This analysis is important to improve spacer grids thermal-hydraulic performance. This paper aims to investigate numerically and experimentally the water flow through PWR spacer grids. The numerical and experimental procedures have been developed for a 5x5 rod bundle with spacer grids at the Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN) in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. At CDTN, measurements of the velocity components are acquired with a 2D LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimetry) system and the numerical results are obtained using ANSYS CFX code. The measurements are obtained at one height downstream from a spacer grid and compared to CFD simulations for a flow rate at Reynolds number of 5.4x104 . Results show good agreement between both methodologies. The great repeatability and low experimental uncertainty evaluated (< 1.24%) in this work can be used to validate other CFD codes.
Analysis of Heat Transfer Performance in a Brayton Cycle Recuperator
Authors: De Araújo Elvis Falcão , Ribeiro Guilherme Borges , Guimarães Lamartine Nogueira Frutuoso
Published: May 2021

Thermodynamic cycles are currently the most wanted means of converting nuclear power into available work due to the higher conversion efficiencies provided. Rankine cycles have been greatly applied for terrestrial reactors and nuclear submarines, while a lot of space projects have been using Brayton cycles for power conversion mainly due to mitigation in power-to-radiator area ratio. Regenerative Brayton cycles can present a considerable power conversion efficiency improvement when compared to the regular ones because of a reduction on the power demand from the hot heat exchanger of a cycle to achieve the same net output power. In this work, a cross-flow heat exchanger with He-Xe (40 g/mol) working fluid and Inconel 617 structural material used as the recuperator for the closed Brayton cycle of a nuclear reactor applicable for space systems is assessed in terms of heat transfer performance. The recuperator tubes are arranged in a staggered distribution around the exchanger axis. The matrix of tubes has a fixed count of 4 rows along the exchanger axis, while the number of tubes around the axis is variable, where the samples of 5, 7, 9, 12 and 16 are tested. The characteristic curves of heat transfer rate, effectiveness, convection coefficient and Colburn factor are built for each of the studied geometries in function of the Reynolds number. The obtained values for each of these parameters range between 1892.49 and 8493.21W (heat transfer rate), 0.165 and 0.325 (effectiveness), 60.3822 and 176.9682 W/m2K (cold side convection coefficient), 30.3276 and 104.3263 W/m2K (hot side convection coefficient), 0.0071 and 0.0109 (cold side Colburn factor), 0.0523 and 0.1370 (hot side Colburn factor).
ASME in-service inspection and in-service testing programs for Angra 1
Authors: MAIA ANA ROSA BALIZA , Morghi Youssef , MESQUITA AMIR ZACARIAS
Published: May 2021

The in-service inspection program of the Angra 1 plant is updated every 10 years, according to applicable standards - designer (American Project - are followed NRC requirements) and Cnen. NRC approves the use of ASME Section XI (In-service Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components). The object of in-service inspection of components in nuclear power plants is to provide a continuing assurance that they are safe. To provide this assurance for those components that are subject to the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, a set of rules has been formulated to provide assurance that the functional requirements of the components are available when required. The rules have been arranged to provide appropriate levels of assurance according to the importance of the component in its relationship to plant safety. The classiﬁcations that are established during design and manufacturing have been adopted to provide the levels of importance for the components. The types of components typically found in the various classiﬁcations have then been identiﬁed and rules formulated for each type. For each type of component in each classiﬁcation, the functions have been considered and methods of inspecting, testing, or monitoring each component is speciﬁed. These rules include methods of determining the limits of acceptance of the results. Should it be necessary to take corrective action to repair various components, rules have been provided to establish acceptable methods of repair or replacement. Angra 1 started the Renewal License and Long-term Operation project and there are three important Aging Management Programs (AMP) that are based on ASME section XI. This article will discuss the ASME section XI subsections that are important for the License Renewal and Long-term Operation for Angra 1.
New advances in the computational simulation of Aqueous Homogeneous Reactor for medical isotopes production
Authors: Milian Pérez Daniel , Hernández Pardo Liván , Milian Pérez Daylen , Gámez Rodríguez Abel , Milian Lorenzo Daniel Evelio , Brayner de Oliveira Lira Carlos Alberto
Published: May 2021

Aqueous Homogeneous Reactors (AHRs) or simply solution reactors present nowadays a promising alternative to produce medical isotopes, especially 99Mo. The AHR medical production concept has been proposed to produce medical isotopes directly in the fuel solution, resulting in a potentially competitive alternative in comparison with the solid target irradiation method in heterogeneous reactors. Furthermore, the utilization of AHRs for medical isotopes production has been strengthened because of the successful operation of the ARGUS reactor since 1981 and its conversion to low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel during 2012-2014. Those successes positively influenced in the decisions to construct a Proof-Of-Concept production site based on the ARGUS operational experience in Sarov (500 km from Moscow) and to restore the Argus-FTI at the Umarov Physical and Technical Institute in Dushanbe, Tajikistan. However, demonstrating the viability of the AHRs for medical isotopes requires solving several significant challenges related with the safe operation of these reactors. Consequently, not only for the design, licensing and safe operation of the AHRs, but also for the prediction of accident scenarios it is very important to be able to simulate and predict the behavior of the fuel solutions through a group of relevant physical parameters. Accordingly, this paper aims to show the advances made to improve the predictive capabilities during the multi-physics computational modeling of AHRs.
A NOVEL COARSE-MESH METHOD APPLIED TO NEUTRON SHIELDING PROBLEMS USING THE MULTIGROUP TRANSPORT THEORY IN DISCRETE ORDINATES FORMULATIONS
Authors: Libotte Rafael Barbosa , Alves Filho Hermes , De Barros Ricardo Carvalho
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we propose a new deterministic numerical methodology to solve the one-dimensional linearized Boltzmann equation applied to neutron shielding problems (fixed-source), using the transport equation in the discrete ordinates formulation (SN) considering the multigroup theory. This is a hybrid methodology, entitled Modified Spectral Deterministic Method (SDM-M), that derives from the Spectral Deterministic Method (SDM) and Diamond Difference (DD) methods. This modification in the SDM method aims to calculate neutron scalar fluxes with lower computational cost. Two model-problems are solved using the SDM-M, and the results are compared to the coarse-mesh methods SDM, Spectral Green's Function (SGF) and Response Matrix (RM), and the fine-mesh method DD. The numerical results were obtained in the programming language JAVA version 1.8.0_91.
Novos atores nas políticas educacionais
Authors: Schabbach Letícia Maria , Garcia Karin Comandulli
Published: May 2021

O artigo examina a atuação do Ministério Público e do Tribunal de Contas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul no âmbito da política nacional de educação infantil, especialmente quanto à ampliação de vagas em escolas públicas. Os eixos de análise, pesquisados por meio de consulta em documentos e de realização de entrevistas com promotores públicos, auditores e gestores municipais, contemplaram as características de sua atuação, as alterações organizacionais e a interação entre os órgãos de controle externo. Os resultados demonstram que esses órgãos não são apenas fiscalizadores, pois influenciam diretamente as políticas de educação infantil, como co-administradores (Hoffmann e Bentes 2008) ou fixers (Bardach 1977; Sabatier e Mazmanian 1993; Weimere Vining 2017) de sua implementação pelos municípios. Também se constatou que essas instituições de accountability foram assumindo novas atribuições na área da educação desde a década de 2000, dentro de uma trajetória de desenvolvimento incremental (Mahoney e Thelen 2009) marcada por uma variedade de ações, inclusive de cooperação interinstitucional.