bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OceanSODA-UNEXE: A multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset
Authors: Sims Richard Peter , Holding Thomas Mitchell , Land Peter E. , Piolle Jean-Francois , Green Hannah Louise , Shutler Jamie D.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Large rivers play an important role in transferring water and all of its constituents including carbon in its various forms from the land to the ocean, but the seasonal and inter-annual variations in these riverine flows remain unclear. Satellite Earth observation datasets and reanalysis products can now be used to observe synoptic-scale spatial and temporal variations in the carbonate system within large river outflows. Here we present the OceanSODA-UNEXE time series, a dataset of the full carbonate system in the surface water outflows of the Amazon (2010–2020) and Congo Rivers (2002–2016). Optimal empirical approaches were used to generate gridded Total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fields in the outflow regions. These combinations were determined by equitably evaluating all combinations of algorithms and inputs against a matchup database of in situ observations. Gridded TA and DIC along with gridded temperature and salinity data enable the calculation of the full carbonate system in the surface ocean. The algorithm evaluation constitutes a Type A uncertainty evaluation for TA and DIC where model, input and sampling uncertainties are considered. Total combined uncertainties for TA and DIC were propagated through the carbonate system calculation allowing all variables to be provided with an associated uncertainty estimate. In the Amazon outflow, the total combined uncertainty for TA was identified as 36 μmol kg−1 (weighted RMSD 35 μmol kgkg−1 and weighted bias 8 μmol kg−1 for n=82) and for DIC was 44 μmol kg−1 (weighted RMSD 44 μmol kg−1 and weighted bias −6 μmol kg−1 for n=70). The spatially averaged propagated uncertainties for the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH are 85 μatm and 0.08 respectively, where the pH uncertainty is relative to an average pH of 8.19. In the Congo outflow, the combined uncertainty for TA was identified as 29 μmol kg−1 (weighted RMSD 28 μmol kg−1and weighted bias 6 μmol kg−1 for n=102) and for DIC was 40 μmol kg−1 (weighted RMSD 37 μmol kg−1and weighted bias −16 μmol kg−1 for n=77). The spatially averaged propagated uncertainties for pCO2 and pH are 74 μatm and 0.08 respectively, where the pH uncertainty is relative to an average pH of 8.21. The combined uncertainties in TA and DIC in the Amazon and Congo outflows are lower than the natural variability their respective regions allowing the time varying regional variability to be evaluated. Potential uses of these data would be for assessing the spatial and temporal flow of carbon from the Amazon and Congo rivers into the Atlantic and for assessing the riverine driven carbonate system variations experienced by tropical reefs within the outflow regions.
Comprehensive space–time hydrometeorological simulations for estimating very rare floods at multiple sites in a large river basin
Authors: Viviroli Daniel , Sikorska-Senoner Anna E. , Evin Guillaume , Staudinger Maria , Kauzlaric Martina , Chardon Jérémy , Favre Anne-Catherine , Hingray Benoit , Nicolet Gilles , Raynaud Damien , Seibert Jan , Weingartner Rolf , Whealton Calvin
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Estimates for rare to very rare floods are limited by the relatively short streamflow records available. Often, pragmatic conversion factors are used to quantify such events based on extrapolated observations, or simplifying assumptions are made about extreme precipitation and resulting flood peaks. Continuous simulation (CS) is an alternative approach that better links flood estimation with physical processes and avoids assumptions about antecedent conditions. However, long-term CS has hardly been implemented to estimate rare floods (i.e. return periods considerably larger than 100 years) at multiple sites in a large river basin to date. Here we explore the feasibility and reliability of the CS approach for 19 sites in the Aare River basin in Switzerland (area: 17 700 km2) with exceedingly long simulations in a hydrometeorological model chain. The chain starts with a multi-site stochastic weather generator used to generate 30 realizations of hourly precipitation and temperature scenarios of 10 000 years each. These realizations were then run through a bucket-type hydrological model for 80 sub-catchments and finally routed downstream with a simplified representation of main river channels, major lakes and relevant floodplains in a hydrologic routing system. Comprehensive evaluation over different temporal and spatial scales showed that the main features of the meteorological and hydrological observations are well represented and that meaningful information on low-probability floods can be inferred. Although uncertainties are still considerable, the explicit consideration of important processes of flood generation and routing (snow accumulation, snowmelt, soil moisture storage, bank overflow, lake and floodplain retention) is a substantial advantage. The approach allows for comprehensively exploring possible but unobserved spatial and temporal patterns of hydrometeorological behaviour. This is of particular value in a large river basin where the complex interaction of flows from individual tributaries and lake regulations are typically not well represented in the streamflow observations. The framework is also suitable for estimating more frequent floods, as often required in engineering and hazard mapping.
Notas sobre Música e Educação à Luz do Pensamento de Heidegger
Authors: Gatto Eduardo Augusto Giglio
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho propõe-se a transitar no caminho que se insinua pelas afluências entre música e educação na atualidade à luz do pensamento heideggeriano e suas influências. Ambas as questões são reunidas na tentativa de um esclarecimento ontológico de sentido perante a constante presença da essência da técnica, que hoje vigora corroborando os modos pelos quais nossa cultura se sustenta, mostrando-se fundamental para a constituição de nosso entendimento da realidade, do real e do homem. Aliado à profundidade do pensamento, se encontra o caminho poético hermenêutico, em que a interpretação etimológica se apresenta como possibilidade de nos conduzir à verdade, onde esta última se apresenta não pelas vias da objetividade, mas sempre pela retração e fuga radical concedendo infindáveis possibilidades de pensar.
Cultural and Institutional Barriers for Western Educated Entrepreneurs in Morocco
Authors: El Jadidi Jalila , Asgary Nader , Weiss Joseph W.
Published: September 2022

An examination of Moroccan entrepreneurs describes the impact of both macro factors (history, culture, and economic opportunities) and micro influences (personal beliefs, family support, education, competencies, and motivation) to start businesses in that country. Findings show that the most salient micro-level factors influencing all entrepreneurs to return and initiate businesses in that country were personal beliefs, family support, Western business education with related competencies. The most salient macro factors were culture, family, and perceived economic opportunity. A major gender difference indicated that men relied more on public networks and accessed resources more easily in Morocco than did women in the sample.
Augmented Reality Technology for Learning Physical Education on Students with Learning Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Azlina Mohamed Mokmin Nur , Pasca Rassy Regania
Published: September 2022

"Augmented Reality (AR) is one of education’s most developed reality technologies in the last few decades. Many subjects have started integrating this technology into their teaching and learning process to create an attractive learning environment and to help the student learning process. As well as for regular students, AR has also been highly tested and developed on students with learning difficulties (SLD) and found positive results. This study focused on students with learning difficulties, which will find out the trends in the development of AR technology in Physical Education (PE). The PE subject is often assessed as one of the subjects which are difficult for children with learning difficulties to follow. By using a systematic review of this topic over the last five years. It is hoped that it will clearly show the development of this technology in physical education, the type of AR technology used, and the types of learning disability groups with which the technology can assist. The results show that the use of AR technology that is integrated into PE learning with SLDs is not found. This is an excellent opportunity for researchers to conduct and develop this research further."
LITERASI JURNAL ELEKTRONIK PADA MAHASISWA PERPUSTAKAAN DAN ILMU INFORMASI SEBAGAI MEDIA INFORMASI AKADEMIK
Authors: Sulastri Sri , Masrul Masrul , Lusianai Waode , Jaya Asrul
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana literasi jurnal elektronik pada mahasiswa perpustakaan dan ilmu informasi sebagai media informasi akademik. Metode penelitian yang dgunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, dengan penentuan informan snowball sampling, serta pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasi dilakukan dengan melihat judul/tema masalah, kesamaan kata dari judul, dan pembahasan yang dikaji informasi tersebut. Kemampuan mencari informasi dilakukan dengan mencari tanpa kata kunci jurnal diawal/diakhir kalimat, hanya menggunakan kata kunci judul yang sesuai dengan judul yang dibutuhkan, dan mencari langsung pada rumah jurnal maupun pada mesin pencari google. Kemampuan menggunakan informasi telah digunakan sesuai dengan keperluan akademis setiap mahasiswa, melakukan parafrase bagi sebagian mahasiswa dan sebagian mahasiswa hanya menyalin tanpa memparafrase informasi tersebut, serta mencantumkan sumber dari informasi yang ditemukan.Kata-kata Kunci: Literasi, Jurnal Elektronik, Media Informasi.
Curricular and co-curricular activities associated with organizational values as identified by members of men's college social fraternities
Authors:   Texas Christian University, Tull Ashley , Grace Justine ,   Texas Christian University, Nelson-Pinkston Colin ,   Phired Up & TechniPhi, Murphy Amy ,   Angelo State University
Published: September 2022

T his study sought to examine curricular and co-curricular activities associated with organizational values and their contribution to a holistic development process for fraternity men. Few previous studies have focused on this relationship for social fraternities. 423 undergraduate fraternity members examined the identification of curricular and co-curricular activities that were associated with their fraternity’s values. This study examined the espoused and enacted values that fraternity members associate with curricular and co-curricular activities. Values were examined using four universal themes (openness to change, self-transcendence, conservation, and self-enhancement). A discussion is included based on findings related to values and associated activities. Implications for greater emphasis on values development through curricular and co-curricular activities and recommendations for further research, particularly for the openness to change value type, are included.
On “Observational Instruments” composed of Stones No. 12, 13 and 14 of “Zorats Qarer” Monument
Authors: Malkhasyan H.A.
Published: September 2022

The work is dedicated to the discussion of some of the stones of the “Zorats Qarer” megalithic
monument (No. 12, 13 and 14) in terms of Astronomy. The methods of their use for observational
purposes are revealed. Particularly, it has been shown that the stone No. 14 most likely served as
a “seating platform” for the observer looking towards the observation angle of the stone No. 13.
The other application method has been the formation of the exact direction by the principle of
combining the angles of the stones No. 12 and 13. As a result of the usage of the aforementioned
methods, three definite directions emerge. The examination of these directions has been performed
for the possible date (9000 BC) which is crucial in terms of the origin of the ancient Armenian
calendar (Protohaykian), as well as the results of the study of the monument gained so far. The results of the comprehensive examination have been combined with archeological material, Armenian
ethnography and folklore. Comparisons have been drawn between days of observing the celestial
bodies and important structural units of Protohaykian calendar. At the same time, the observation
conditions and the mythological images of the observed stars have been discussed in the context
of the most important stages of the cereal cultivation (sowing, harvesting, etc.). Parallels have
been drawn with the Armenian religious beliefs (also of other nations), as well as with the results,
already known from the study of this monument.
The study of the mentioned stones has revealed that the stars (up to 2m.50 apparent magnitude),
observable in 9000 BC, their mythological perceptions, observation conditions and days, are in
complete harmony with the structure and content of the Protohaykian calendar (as well as of the
ornament-calendar of the early Bronze Age vessel from Keti), and they are closely related to the
worship of the Mother Goddess. Links between the observation positions and the definite stages
of the cereal cultivation culture (autumn and spring sowing) reappear. There is no contradiction
between previously and currently obtained results of the study of the monument. Moreover, the
results obtained so far are complementary.
Astronomical Public Activities in Armenia
Authors: Asryan M. A. , Farmanyan S. V. , Mickaelian A. M.
Published: September 2022

The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (BAO) founded by the outstanding scientist Viktor Ambartsumian in 1946 is one of the famous astronomical centers in the world, and particularly in the Eurasian
area. Along with large scientific, scientific-organizational, and educational activities, public outreach is
also very active. The paper gives an overview of BAO public activities in Armenia and in the region.
We emphasize the significance of public activities in raising awareness among public on the topics of
astronomy and science in general. BAO serves as a regional center for the IAU initiative Astronomy for
Development and hosts the IAU South West and Central Asian (SWCA) ROAD, which has a number of
activities, including many public ones.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MUATAN IPA KELAS V SDN 40 AMPENAN
Authors: Kurniati Yati , Erfan Muhammad , Ratu Tursina
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation terhadap hasil belajar muatan IPA siswa kelas V SDN 40 Ampenan tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Jenis dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dan bersifat kausal komparatif (Ex Post Facto). Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 orang siswa kelas V (lima) SDN 40 Ampenan. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan Angket penggunaan model pembelajaran group investigation dengan skala likert dan dokumentasi hasil belajar siswa pada muatan IPA. Uji instrumen penelitian menggunakan uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas. Uji prasyarat analisis menggunakan uji normalitas dan uji linearitas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif, regresi sederhana, uji t, dan uji koefisien determinan (R2) yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil uji hipotesis pada penelitian ini yaitu hasil uji-t dengan nilai p-value 0.002 pada taraf signifikansi 0.05 (0.002 < 0.05) dengan nilai thitung 3.491 > ttabel 2.048. Pada hasil analisis regresi diperoleh nilai R kuadrat sebesar 30,3%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe group investigation memberikan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap hasil belajar muatan IPA siswa kelas V SDN 40 Ampenan.
ЕТАПИ РОЗВИТКУ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА УКРАЇНІ В ПЕРІОД ІЗ 90-Х РОКІВ ХХ СТ. ПО 20-І РОКИ ХХІ СТ.
Authors: КОНОЗ О. Б.
Published: September 2022

В статті описано етапи розвитку інклюзивної освіти з 90-х років ХХ століття по 20-і роки ХХІ століття. Охарактеризовано та визначено зміст, концептуальні засади кожного періоду. Зазначений період розвитку освіти дітей з особливими освітніми потребами зазнав трансформаційних змін – від інституалізації до інклюзії. У Національній доповіді 2016-го року у періоді 1991–2016 рр. виокремлено три етапи. Нами визначено чотири етапи: перший – 1990–2000 рр. – передумови створення інклюзивної освіти; другий – 2001–2010 рр. – інтеграційно-інклюзивні процеси; третій – 2011–2022 рр. – розвиток інклюзивної освіти (за порядком організації інклюзивного навчання 2011-го року); четвертий період – з 2022 року – розвиток інклюзивної освіти з диференційованим підходом. Разом з визначеними періодами охарактеризовано місце і зміст інклюзивної освіти в розвитку національної освітньої галузі, описано етапи розвитку цілісної системи освіти. Інклюзивну освіту визначено як підсистему загальної освіти. Коротко зазначено проблеми розвитку освіти на тлі суспільно-політичної, економічної та демографічної криз. Перший етап – передумови утворення інклюзивної освіти входить в етап реформування національної системи освіти та період її само ідентифікації (1991–2002). Другий етап, початок 2000-го століття, а саме інтеграційно-інклюзивні процеси, належать до етапу формування державної політики в новому методологічному і соціально-економічному контексті (2003–2013) інтенсивної модернізації всієї освітньої галузі, переходом до більш прогресивнішого стану в освіті та усіх сферах життя. Третій період розвитку освіти з 2014 р. визначено комплексною модернізацією освітньо-наукової сфери – створення цілісної системи освіти, яка повинна змінити ставлення суспільства до освіти та її наукового супроводу з огляду на перспективу реформування освітньої сфери, як того вимагають євроінтеграційні та глобалізаційні виклики ХХІ ст. Рушійними силами прогресивних змін стали: європейська інтеграція, світова глобалізація, прискорення розвитку людства на дослідницько-інноваційних засадах, загроза відставання України від розуміння невідворотності процесів, відставання наукової і освітньої сфер розвитку від темпів планетарного розвитку, невідповідність типу прогресу людства. Щодо розвитку освіти осіб з ООП, то ІІІ-й етап з 2011 р. по 2016 р. визнано впровадженням інклюзивної освіти.
ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КРОСВОРДІВ, ЧАЙНВОРДІВ І СКАНВОРДІВ ПРИ ВИВЧЕННІ ГЕОГРАФІЧНОГО КРАЄЗНАВСТВА У ЗАКЛАДАХ ЗАГАЛЬНОЇ СЕРЕДНЬОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: ПАВЛОВСЬКА Т. С. , БЕНЕДЮК В. В. , БІЛЕЦЬКИЙ Ю. В. , ГРИГОР’ЄВА Н. В.
Published: September 2022

Проаналізовано використання краєзнавчого принципу навчання в процесі формування географічних компетентностей учнів із застосуванням інтелектуальних ігрових технологій. Авторами самостійно розроблено й апробовано в навчальному процесі такі географічні ігри-вправи, як кросворди, чайнворди й сканворди. Ці головоломки спрямовані в краєзнавчому руслі, оскільки географічне краєзнавство відіграє істотну роль у розвитку творчого потенціалу й патріотичної свідомості учня. Запропоновані ігри мають пізнавальну, розвивальну, навчальну, контролюючу, репродуктивну, діагностичну функції. Вони урізноманітнюють процес навчання, роблять його цікавим і невимушеним, поглиблюють знання з географії. Їх доречно використовувати на уроках в індивідуальній, парній, груповій і загальнокласній навчальній діяльності, в гуртковій роботі чи в якості домашніх завдань після вивчення окремих тем чи тематичних розділів. Перспективними напрямками удосконалення способів використання ігрових технологій навчання у закладах загальної середньої освіти вважаємо: 1) створення комп’ютерних навчальних географічних головоломок; 2) розроблення невеликих за обсягом (десять-п’ятнадцять запитань) географічних кросвордів (чайнвордів, сканвордів) до кожного тематичного розділу з метою збільшення ймовірності використання цих головоломок у часових межах уроку; 3) створення кросвордів (чайнвордів, сканвордів), питання яких би відображали міжпредметні зв’язки навчальних дисциплін (географія – біологія, географія – історія, географія – українська література, географія – фізика, географія – хімія тощо); 4) створення кросвордів із заздалегідь вписаними відповідями для формулювання питань до них учнями; 5) створення сканвордів із використанням ілюстрацій географічного змісту.
Tymczasowy Naczelnik Państwa – pierwszy sługa Narodu czy dyktator?
Authors: Leniart Ewa
Published: September 2022

The article deals with the issue of the scope of competence of the Interim Head of State. This office was held by Józef Piłsudski in the period from November 1918 to February 1919. According to the author, the scope of the powers of the Provisional Head of State – in terms of executive power – was virtually unlimited. Also from the formal point of view, there were no restrictions that would deprive the head of state of decisive influence on the management of the state. The Temporary Chief of State had a full influence on the functioning of the armed forces, as well as he played a key role in shaping and conducting foreign policy. The Temporary Chief of State also concentrated legislative power in his hands. There was no parliament in the indicated period, therefore there was no institutional possibility to control the activities of the Temporary Head of State. His power was therefore omnipotent, in scope not inferior to dictatorial power. Despite this, the holder of this vast power – J. Piłsudski – never became a dictator who abused his powers.

Key words: head of state, chiefs of state, system of governme
Postępowanie w przedmiocie skargi na przewlekłość – istota i cechy w świetle orzecznictwa Sądu Najwyższego, Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego i sądów apelacyjnych
Authors: Kłak Czesław
Published: September 2022

The author, based on the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, the Supreme Administrative Court and common courts, analyzes the essence and nature of the proceedings on a complaint regarding excessive length of proceedings within the meaning of the Act of 17 June 2004 on a complaint for violation of the right of a party to hear a case in preparatory proceedings conducted or supervised by the prosecutor and court proceedings without undue delay. The author draws attention to the incidental nature of the proceedings triggered by the lodging of the complaint, its inconsistency, as well as the ad hoc and interventional nature. The author also points to its controlling and supervisory character, with the simultaneous impossibility of appealing against the judgment issued as a result of examining the complaint.
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego w Gdańsku z dnia 15 kwietnia 2021 r., II AKa 219/20
Authors: Dziergawka Anna
Published: September 2022

The gloss is an analysis of judicial practice in terms of the possibility and advisability of reaching for the institution under Art. 440 of the Code of Criminal Procedure by the appellate court. The author criticizes the judgment of the Court of Appeal in Gdańsk, because the change of the judgment made by this court raises doubts as to the legal basis used and does not contain arguments justifying the belief that the failure of the court of first instance led to a state of gross injustice of the judgment. The publication postulates that a change of a ruling due to gross injustice should occur exceptionally, because the institution under Art. 440 of the Code of Criminal Procedure it is based on vague and judging criteria and cannot be abused.
La pagina gialla
Authors: Ventura Alessandro
Published: September 2022

Dermatite atopica: andiamo al sodo - C’è nausea e nausea (funzionale) - PASC: poca cosa nei bambini! - Celiachia nella pratica (1) - Celiachia nella pratica (2) - Risonanza magnetica e sedazione del bambino piccolo: dexmedetomidina - Più Cannabis (edibile) gira, più i bambini si avvelenano (accidentalmente)
Terapia farmacologica in urgenza
Authors: Squillaci Domenico , Tumminelli Cristina , Molina Ruiz Idoya , Calligaris Lorenzo , Poropat Federico , Barbi Egidio , Amaddeo Alessandro , Cozzi Giorgio
Published: September 2022

Emergency cases are rare events in the paediatric emergency department. Nevertheless, paediatricians working at the emergency department should be able to provide the appropriate pharmacological intervention. This retrospective study, performed at the paediatric emergency department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste (Italy), analysed 251 emergency cases. The most frequently reported emergencies were related to respiratory and neurological diseases. Oxygen, bronchodilators, fluids and anticonvulsants were the drugs most frequent-ly administered. The results were discussed according to the recent literature evidence.
Questioni di genere
Authors: Bonazza Paolo
Published: September 2022

The Author describes the case of a 12-year-old boy with gender dysphoria
Domande e risposte
Authors: Longo Giorgio
Published: September 2022

PFAPA che ritorna - Crescita staturo-ponderale
Dermo mail
Authors: Berti Irene
Published: September 2022

Lichen striato e nevo sebaceo - xantogranuloma giovanile
Tiroidite cronica linfocitaria e carcinoma papillare della tiroide: quale relazione?
Authors: Graziani Vanna , Rossini Benedetta , Reale Giovanni , Cozzolino Mariarosaria , Marchetti Federico , Parenti Gian Carlo
Published: September 2022

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common form of thyroid tumour in childhood. Different studies reported higher risk of developing a PTC in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients (HT) even in paediatric-adolescent age, although real incidence and risk factors are unknown. The paper describes the case of a girl, diagnosed with HT and hypothyroidism at the age of 11, who developed thyroid ultrasound alterations after two years. The histological examination of the satellite lymph node confirmed the diagnosis of PTC. A total thyroidectomy was performed. The follow up scintigraphy did not show disease residues, so no indication was given to radioiodine therapy. The case report underlines the importance of an accurate thyroid and lymph nodes ultrasound monitoring in children with autoimmune thyroiditis, in order to highlight possible malignancy development.
Una tumefazione sternale: un semplice ematoma, o c’è dell’altro?
Authors: Greco Marco , Varriale Gaia , Tamborino Agnese
Published: September 2022

The case of a 6-year-old boy with sternal swelling finally diagnosed as sternal osteomyelitis is described.
Thực trạng phơi nhiễm với quảng cáo thuốc lá điện tử của thanh thiếu niên 15-24 tuổi tại Hà Nội và Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2020
Authors: Lê Thị Thanh Hương
Published: September 2022

Objective: The study was undertaken in Hanoi and Hochiminh city to identify the exposure of youth 15-24 years of age to the advertisement of e cigarettes in 2020. Method: This was a cross sectional study with a qualitative study combination. KISH method was applied to select 1,211 study participants at one urban and one suburban district in each city. There were 6 indepth interviews, 4 group interview and 2 group discussions to be conducted. Results: It revealed that 73.2% of the study participants who were exposed at least one time to one source of e cigarette advertisement in the previous 30 days up to the time of data collection. The most common source that youth exposed to the advertisement of e cigarettes was social media (45%), followed by shops, supermarkets and points of sale (33,4%), printed and e newspaper (25.2%). There were 12.1% youth who was invited to use e cigarettes free by promotional salers. Types or characteristics of e cigarettes advertisement were colourful image (30.9%), attractive image (31.3%). Key opinion leaders participated in e cigarette advertisement were seen by 13.6% of the study participants. Conclusion: Social media was the most common source that youth exposed to e cigarette advertisement. There should be appropriate policy to strictly prevent the youth’ exposure to e cigarettes in different sources with focus on social media and key opinion leaders.
Kiến thức, thái độ về thuốc lá điện tử của thanh thiếu niên 15-24 tuổi tại Hà Nội và Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2020
Authors: Lê Minh Đạt
Published: September 2022

Objective: The study was undertaken in Hanoi and Hochiminh city to identify the knowledge and attitude of youth 15-24 years of age to e cigarettes in 2020. Method: This was a cross sectional study with a qualitative study combination. KISH method was applied to select 1,211 study participants at one urban and one suburban district in each city. There were 6 indepth interviews, 4 group interview and 2 group discussions to be conducted. Data was clean and entered using EpiData 3.1 software and was analyzed by STATA 16.0 software. Mean value, frequencies were used with a significant level of .05. Qualitative data was transcribed and analyzed by given topics. Results: The average knowledge score of adolescents is 5.88 points compared to a maximum total score of 14 (SD: 3.44). 15.8% of teenagers think that e-cigarettes are more dangerous than traditional cigarettes. The average point of the study's attitude is 4.43 compared to the maximum score of 8 points (SD: 2.44). More than two-thirds of the respondents (68.1%) said that smoking e-cigarettes is a matter of public health concern and nearly half (49.5%) said that e-cigarettes should be banned in Vietnam. Conclusion: The knowledge and attitudes of 15-24 year olds about e-cigarettes are still limited. Information on e-cigarettes needs to be introduced into schools, at least from the lower secondary level so that students can better understand the harmful effects of e-cigarettes, in order to reduce the risk of smoking e-cigarettes at the age from high school and above.
Phân tích việc áp dụng chức năng y tế công cộng thông qua văn bản chỉ đạo được ban hành nhằm ứng phó với COVID-19 trong bốn giai đoạn dịch tại Việt Nam
Authors: Đỗ Ngọc Sơn
Published: September 2022

The Government, the National Steering Committee, and the Ministry of Health are the agencies that play an important role in deciding, leading and operating in the entire process of responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. Through issued documents, these agencies showed their concerns and directions to relevant departments and sectors at all levels. Collecting and analyzing such documents will allow lessons to be learned from both successes and failures in each and all four phases of the pandemic. The analysis is mainly through a comparative comparison of these documents with the basic functions of public health, a basic theoretical framework developed by the World Health Organization experts based on fundamental principles agreed upon by member countries of the United Nations. Vietnam is one of those consensus countries. That theoretical framework is standardized in each participating country accordingly before being promulgated. In Vietnam, that stage was completed in 2001 with the approval of the Ministry of Health. The research conducted during this particular pandemic allowed the team to make initial observations on how these basic public health functions were applied in a factual and specific event. The research has shown the concept in an objective way that those public health functions are specifically understood and applied in each different epidemic wave and in emergency response situations during the pandemic. From there, the relevant lessons learned will serve as suggestions for future complete plans before similar situations may happen in the future.
Ảnh hưởng của COVID-19 đến sử dụng dịch vụ công chăm sóc thai sản tại 4 tỉnh miền nam Việt Nam năm 2020-2021
Authors: Nguyễn Hằng Nguyệt Vân
Published: September 2022

This study aims to investigate the changing patterns of pregnancy complications and maternity care service utilization in Southern Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic from January 2020 to February 2022. A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using secondary data from The District Health Information Software, a reporting platform operated by the Vietnam Ministry of Health. Results show that COVID-19 had a great impact to the utilization of the inpatient maternity care services, whereas the outpatient maternity care services were marginally affected. The percentage of women or infants receiving care one week after delivery in the third and fourth COVID-19 wave declined dramatically. During the second and third waves, the prevalence of pregnancy complications showed a clear upward trend but then decreased slightly in the fourth wave, after the COVID-19 vaccine was released. Introducing COVID-19 vaccine showed a positive effect on the reduction of pregnancy complications. This study emphasizes the need of strengthening the health system's preparedness capability to cope with the pandemic and future disasters.
Հայաստանի փորձը միջհամայնքային համագործակցության ոլորտում
Authors: Հակոբյան Տաթև
Published: September 2022

Հայաստանում միջհամայնքային համագործակցության համար հնարավորություն ստեղծեցին օրենսդրական փոփոխությունները, որոնց համաձայն, գույքահարկի և հողի հարկի բազաների վարումն անցնում էր տեղական ինքնակառավարման մարմիններին, սակայն ոչ բոլոր համայնքներն ունեին բավարար ռեսուրսներ այն իրականացնելու համար, ինչն էլ նպաստեց համայնքների համագործակցությանը: 2018 թ. ընդունված ՀՀ օրենքը «Միջհամայնքային միավորումների մասին» խթան էր Հայաստանում համայնքների համագործակցության զարգացման համար, այն տեղական ինքնակառավարման ոլորտի բարեփոխումների հիմնական ուղղություններից է: Ընդհանուր խնդիրների լուծման նպատակով համայնքները համագործակցում են իրար հետ` ձևավորելով համայնքային միություններ և միջհամայնքային կառույցներ:
Միհրականությունը կամ արևի հնագույն ընկալումները Ավետիք Իսահակյանի բանասիրական ուսումնասիրություններում
Authors: Հայրիյան Լուսինե
Published: September 2022

Արևի պաշտամունքը Հայկական լեռնաշխարհում հարատևել է հազարամյակներ: Հայոց մեջ արևին վերագրել են արարչական զորություն և պաշտել՝ որպես կենսահաստատ զորություն, զարթոնքի, պտղաբերության և ամենայն բարիքներ ստեղծող գերբնական ուժի։ Այդ պատճառով էլ բազմաթիվ առարկաների վրա արևը պատկերվել է երկրաչափական մարմինների տեսքով, ինչպես նաև կենդանակերպ կամ մարդակերպ: Արևն առանցքային նշանակություն ունի նաև Ավետիք Իսահակյանի որոշ ստեղծագործություններում («Արևի մոտ», «Աբու-Լալա Մահարի» և այլն): Արևի պաշտամունքի և միհրապաշտության վերաբերյալ ուշագրավ և խոր վերլուծություններով առանձնանում է հատկապես բանաստեղծի «Փորձ մեր էպոսի դիցաբանության մասին» հոդվածը, որտեղ նա, բանագետի խորատեսությամբ, բացահայտում է թե՛ իրանական և թե՛ արևմտյան միհրապաշտության առանձնահատկություններն ու միհրապաշտության երկու հիշյալ ուղղությունների հետ հայոց Միհր-Մհերի փոխառնչությունները:
Творческие силы канадской армянской сцены
Authors: Бекарян Анаит
Published: September 2022

Выступавшие на канадской армянской сцене актеры в основном не были профессионалами. Они принимали участие в спектаклях, организуемых различными группами. Но при этом канадский армянский театр был представлен немногочисленной группой актеров с профессиональным образованием, являвших собой яркую творческую индивидуальность. Ими были сформированы театральные труппы с интересным репертуаром, занявшие свою нишу в истории театра армянской диаспоры. К числу подвижников армянского искусства относится также талантливая армянская оперная певица, актриса, основатель театральной труппы «Арменян», пропагандист армянской культуры в Канаде Сельма Кекликян, внесшая достойный вклад в популяризацию духовного наследия армянского народа. Другим ярким представителем армянской культуры являлся актер, сатирик, театровед Х. Тетеян, который занимался также литературной деятельностью. Им были изданы сборник сатирических рассказов «Улыбка», пьесы и повесть «Записная книжка юноша».
Սոցիալական կարծրատիպերի շարժընթացը պայմանավորող սոցիալ-հոգեբանական գործոնները
Authors: Նազարյան Անի , Ստեփանյան Նարինե
Published: September 2022

Սոցիալական կարծրատիպերի շարժընթացը պայմանավորող սոցիալ-հոգեբանական գործոնների ուսումնասիրության հիմնահարցը ժամանակակից հոգեբանության կարևորագույն և համեմատաբար քիչ ուսումնասիրված հիմնախնդիրներից է։ Չնայած սոցիալական կարծրատիպերը բավական դժվարությամբ են ենթարկվում փոփոխությունների, այնուամենայնիվ, դրանց կայունությունը հարաբերական է։ Սոցիալական կարծրատիպերը փոփոխությունների են ենթարկվում սոցիալական, քաղաքական, տնտեսական, մշակութային զարգացումների շնորհիվ։ Դրանց շարժընթացը պայմանավորված է նաև հոգեբանական գործոններով։ Հետազոտելով սոցիալական կարծրատիպերի և անձնային աճի փոխազդեցությունը՝ հանգել ենք այն եզրակացության, որ անձնային աճը հանդես է գալիս իբրև սոցիալական կարծրատիպերի շարժընթացը պայմանավորող հոգեբանական գործոն:
Effect of high-intensity laser on upper trapezius myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Taleb Enas Abu , Ahmed Hatem Mostafa , Ameen Fayrouz Hatem , Lasheen Yasser Ramzy , Albalawi Hani Fahad , Eldesoky Mohamed T
Published: September 2022

Aim of the study: As high intensity laser therapy (HILT) is capable of reaching and stimulating deeper and larger tissues than traditional physiotherapy modalities, so we studied its influence on cervical myofascial pain. Subject and methods: 50 patients with chronic upper trapezius muscle myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) within age range of 20 to 40 years old were assigned into group A that received traditional treatment only (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), ultrasound massage (US), stretch and exercise), while group B received HILT with traditional treatment. Outcome measures included pain severity via visual analogue scale (VAS), pressure pain threshold (PPT) by pressure algometer, neck functional activities by neck disability index (NDI) and cervical range of motion by CROM apparatus. Results: both groups showed significant improvement in the posttreatment outcome measures, but the HILT group (group B) showed a more significant improvement than the control group (group A) with p-value >0.001. Conclusion: HILT is a supportive physical therapy modality that may provide preferable results for a cervical MTrP patient.
role of audio visual aids in teaching English
Authors: Waad Mohanad Abdulkareem , Younus Rand Zuhair
Published: September 2022

The present study aims at showing the role of audio-visual aids used in teaching English as well as investigating the effect of audio- visual aids in teaching English. Audio-Visual aids are materials used by the teacher in order to facilitate the teaching and learning process. Audio-Visual aids are those instructional devices that are used in the classroom to encourage learning and make it easier and more interesting. The results of this research show that audio-visual aids help our students in verbalization. But most teachers do not use these aids which have great educative value. These are not ordinary materials rather these are teaching materials. Audiovisual aids give direct sensory experience to the students.
Formulation and evaluation of colon targeted extended-release prednisolonematrix tablets
Authors: Patil Chandrashekar. C. , Jorapur Prashant , Naikwadi Akram
Published: September 2022

The prepared tablets met the compendia limits in termsof physiochemical parameters and dissolution studies. The mixture of 30 mg pectin and 30 mg of xanthan gum as matrix and 10% w/v of Eudragit  RS100 solution as coating material werebest suitable in colon targeteddrug delivery system to provide optimum prednisolone release and protect it from SGF andSIF. As a result, colon delivery of prednisolone appeared to be apromising alternative to its traditional oral formulation.
Rate of hepatitis B infection in hospital patients and blood donors in Ha'il, KSA and associated risk factors
Authors: Zreiq Rafat , Algahtani Fahad D. , Ali Reem M. , Al-Najjar Mohammad A. A. , Suleiman Shadi , Alshammari Fares , Rakha Ehab B. , Alshammari Hamoud F.
Published: September 2022

HBV infection is HBV infection is still a major public health and economic concern worldwide. Therefore, epidemiological studies are still at high concern. There are no epidemiological studies conducted for the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in Ha'il in Saudi Arabia so far. This study aimed to estimate the rate of hepatitis B infection and identifying potential risk factors, among patients/blood donors at King Khalid general hospital in Ha'il, KSA. Therefore, a retrospective analysis was performed to estimate Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity among patients/blood donors. Data of 3727 patients/blood donors for HBsAg test was collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Correlations and regression analysis were performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) programs. The level of statistical significance for the study was set at p < 0.05. The results showed that the rate of HBsAg among patients/blood donors was 1.1%. The rate of HBsAg was higher in male, age group >50 years old, blood donors and kidney artificial unit as well as gastroenterology/hepatology patients and in September. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that only male (P<0.01), progressing age (P<0.001), blood donors (P<0.05) as well as gastroenterology/hepatology patients (P<0.01) made significant contributions to prediction.
Entrepreneurial leadership effect on SME’s performance in Malaysia
Authors: Khalil Md. Ibrahim , Haque Rasheedul , Senathirajah Abdul Rahman bin S , Connie Gan , Chowdhury Binoy
Published: September 2022

In the present complicated and turbulent corporate climate, several researchers have proposed that the expanding ineffectiveness of more conventional methods to strategy needs a more entrepreneurial approach. A more entrepreneurial approach, such as entrepreneurial leadership, has been recommended by several people. Because SMEs are regarded as the nation's economic backbone, it is critical to comprehend how entrepreneurial leadership may impact organizational performance. The goal of this study is to learn more about the impact of entrepreneurial leadership (EL) on Malaysian small businesses. We looked at the performance of SMEs in Malaysia to investigate whether the characteristics of entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial orientation, and technical innovation competency influenced the results. Entrepreneurial orientation, team creativity, dynamic skills, and competitive advantage all play a role in the relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and SMEs' success in this study. Based on consistent PLS-SEM analysis, data from 210 Malaysian small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) was collected and validated. Entrepreneurial leadership has a substantial influence on entrepreneurial attitude and team creativity, as well as dynamic capabilities and competitive advantages. Thus, we can provide practical recommendations for promoting and managing entrepreneurial innovation. Researchers developed a theoretical model that combines entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial attitude, and SME success (SMEs).
lipid profile in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Alwasity Abbas Khudhair Abbas , Alajrish Ahmad Adnan Nabat , Alajrish Ali Adnan Nabat
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common, chronic, metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia as a cardinal biochemical feature. The aim of study is to study the lipid profile changes in Type 1 DM in Erbil City in pediatrics aged 6 to 18 years. Method: All cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus aged 6 – 18 years who attended Diabetic Association Center in Erbil Governorate during the study period were enrolled in this study and were 52 (27 males and 25 female). A group of control matched for age and gender were selected from 3 schools chosen by simple random sampling (primary, secondary and preparatory schools). Results: The values of serum cholesterol, serum TGs, LDL-C and VLDL were found to be significantly higher in the patients with diabetes mellitus compared with controls. HDL-C result was equal between male and female patients; the mean fasting S. TGs was significantly high among patients with duration of diabetes of ≥ 5 years while total fasting S. cholesterol.
Identidade Operária e Associativismo Caixeiral: Manaus, 1880-1910
Authors: Pinheiro Luís Balkar Sá Peixoto
Published: September 2022

Estudos sobre os caixeiros no Brasil têm ressaltado que a existência de proximidade desses trabalhadores com seus patrões teria sido a causa deles não conseguirem se identificar com o universo da classe operária brasileira, se mostrado refratários às lutas operárias e atuando em agremiações reformistas, que não questionavam a dominação de classe. Embora complexa e ambígua, a experiência associativa dos caixeiros amazonenses na virada do século XX, resultou numa percepção de que para além dos comprometimentos e limites impostos, a agencia humana se manifestou na luta por fazer valer os interesses de sujeitos que, ao fim e ao cabo, rejeitavam a ideia de submissão passiva e, em que pese terem assumido perspectivas identitárias complexas e posturas políticas identificadas como reformistas, demonstraram intenso poder de organização e mobilização para entabular um conjunto de ações e de lutas por direitos que, entre vitórias e derrotas, tentavam reescrever uma outra história.
Hacia un currículum emancipador de las Ciencias de la Computación
Authors: Martínez Cecilia , Gómez Marcos , Martínez López Pablo , Borchardt Mara , Garzón Magdalena
Published: September 2022

La pandemia ha recuperado el debate en torno a las brechas digitales de conectividad y equipamiento. Si bien es condición de posibilidad la materialidad del equipo tecnológico para aprender computación, poco se ha hablado de las brechas de saberes de tecnología digital y computacional y del rol de la escuela en la producción/mitigación de esa brecha. En este ensayo discutimos sobre estos dos últimos puntos. Recuperamos aportes teóricos en el campo de la enseñanza de la computación respecto de la evolución del concepto de alfabetización digital, el desarrollo de una pedagogía crítica –y discusiones sobre la educación computacional como derecho. A partir de estos aportes dialogamos con las teorías curriculares para elaborar criterios de selección de contenidos de Ciencias de la Computación para los niveles comunes y obligatorios de las escuelas. En base a estos criterios presentamos una selección de propósitos formativos específicos y contenidos del campo de la computación. Este trabajo contribuye a los debates que muchos países y comunidades educativas están llevando a cabo en este momento sobre qué, cómo, para qué y para quiénes enseñar computación en las escuelas. Y pretende especialmente aportar claridad para la toma de decisiones en materia de política educativa en nuestro país.
MENAKAR POTENSI KEBANGKRUTAN INDUSTRI FARMASI DI INDONESIA SEBELUM DAN PADA SAAT PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Wiarta Iqra , Suryani Ade Irma , Firmansyah Deni
Published: September 2022

Kebangkrutan adalah suatu kondisi di mana perusahaan tidak mampu lagi untuk mengoperasikan perusahaan dengan baik karena kesulitan keuangan yang dialami tersebut sudah sangat parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis potensi kebangkrutan perusahaan pada industri farmasi di Indonesia (studi kasus pada PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk) sebelum pandemi covid 19 dengan menggunakan model kebangkrutan Zmijewski. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari laporan tahunan perusahaan tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2020.
Berdasarkan pada hasil perhitungan, dapat diketahui bahwa nilai perhitungan dari metode Zmijewski  menujukan hasil bahwa PT. Kalbe Farma Periode 2016 sampai dengan 2020 menunujkan bahwa perusahaan tidak berpotensi bangkrut atau dapat diartikan bahwa perusahaan berada dalam keadaan sehat.