bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness‐based interventions for obesity‐related eating behaviours: a literature review
Authors: O'Reilly G. A. , Cook L. , Spruijt‐Metz D. , Black D. S.
Published: March 2014

Mindfulness‐based interventions (MBIs) targeting eating behaviours have gained popularity in recent years. A literature review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of MBIs for treating obesity‐related eating behaviours, such as binge eating, emotional eating and external eating. A search protocol was conducted using the online databases Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO and Ovid Healthstar. Papers were required to meet the following criteria to be included in this review: (i) describe a MBI or the use of mindfulness exercises as part of an intervention; (ii) include at least one obesity‐related eating behaviour as an outcome; (iii) include quantitative outcomes; and (iv) be published in English in a peer‐reviewed journal. A total of N = 21 papers were included in this review. Interventions used a variety of approaches to implement mindfulness training, including combined mindfulness and cognitive behavioural therapies, mindfulness‐based stress reduction, acceptance‐based therapies, mindful eating programmes, and combinations of mindfulness exercises. Targeted eating behaviour outcomes included binge eating, emotional eating, external eating and dietary intake. Eighteen (86%) of the reviewed studies reported improvements in the targeted eating behaviours. Overall, the results of this first review on the topic support the efficacy of MBIs for changing obesity‐related eating behaviours, specifically binge eating, emotional eating and external eating.
Sheer Difference, or, Mining Mental Prospects in Lyrical Ballads (1798)
Authors: Dutoit Thomas
Published: March 2014

Through a reading of parts of Denis Bonnecase and Marc Porée's Wordsworth and Coleridge. La différence en partage, and of Lyrical Ballads, we aim to show, in part at least, the poetic operating of these poems. Confounding the temporality of literary history, this poetics requires a reading memory that is able to conceive of the mind, and of the text, as thoroughly syntactical. A tactic of remembering – of reading – that hews to networks other than semantic navigates here among poems such as “The Idiot Boy,” “The Female Vagrant,” “Anecdote for Fathers,” “Tintern Abbey,” “The Last Flock,” and, in particular, “Lines Written near Richmond, upon the Thames, at Evening,” exploring galleries verbal and sub‐verbal through which the memory of literature is in play and at stake. To read poetry is to mobilize memory; yet this reading of memory operates through channels off the meaning radar (or reader of meaning), channels the disseminating existence of which destabilizes conventional notions of history, truth, and even polysemy. Some of the stations listened to here include [hwī], [mīn], [mīnd], [băngk], [ôr] or [ōr], [vān], [wŭn], not to mention their deranged or rearranged scramblings.
Advances in identification and validation of plant microRNAs and their target genes
Authors: Sun Xin , Zhang Yanping , Zhu Xudong , Korir Nicholas Kibet , Tao Ran , Wang Chen , Fang Jinggui
Published: March 2014

Developments in the field of molecular biology and genetics, such as microarray, gene transfer and discovery of small regulatory RNAs, have led to significant advances in plant biotechnology. Among the small RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) have elicited much interest as key post‐transcriptional regulators in eukaryotic gene expression. Advances in genome and transcriptome sequencing of plants have facilitated the generation of a huge wealth of sequence information that can find much use in the discovery of novel miRNAs and their target genes. In this review, we present an overview of the developments in the strategies and methods used to identify and study miRNAs, their target genes and the mechanisms by which these miRNAs interact with their target genes since the discovery of the first miRNA. The approaches discussed include both reverse and forward genetics. We observed that despite the availability of advanced methods, certain limitations ranging from the cost of materials, equipment and personnel to the availability of genome sequences for many plant species present a number of challenges for the development and utilization of modern scientific methods for the elucidation and development of miRNAs in many important plant species.
Captain America and Thriller: How Artistic Expressions Shape Mobilization Processes in Social Movements
Authors: Everhart Katherine
Published: March 2014

Social activist and anarchist Emma Goldman purportedly said, “If I can't dance, it's not my revolution!” Although falsely attributed to Goldman, subsequent protesters later adopted the sentiment, such as London‐based activists Reclaim the Streets (RTS), and, more recently, Occupy Wall Street (OWS). Art and protest has a long history, ranging from the use of song in the Civil Rights Movement to the use of graffiti in the global movements of 1968 to the creative performances of activists in AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) to the dramatic street performances and costumes in the Battle of Seattle of 1999. Existing literature illuminates how art shapes mobilization processes of social movement. This review demonstrates two major ways in which art shapes mobilization processes, specifically the communication and visibility of movements and the emotional work of movements. In addition, suggestions are made for future research at the intersection of art and social movements.
Identical Twins Raised Apart
Authors: Farnsworth David L.
Published: March 2014

This article describes a bivariate data set that is interesting to students. Indeed, this particular data set, which involves twins and IQ, has sparked more student interest than any other set that I have presented. Specific uses of the data set are presented.
Fatigue Stress Evaluation at Shell-to-Bottom Joint With Double Plastic Hinge in Elevated Temperature Steel Tanks on Concrete Ring Walls
Authors: Sathyanarayanan Sridhar , Adluri Seshu M. R.
Published: March 2014

The shell-to-bottom joint of hydrocarbon storage tanks is a critical location which may experience fatigue cracking and requires evaluation of the local cyclic stresses especially in the case of elevated temperature tanks. The fill/draw down cycle of the stored liquid causes low cycle fatigue near this joint and hence a fatigue evaluation is recommended. The peak alternating stress at this location, used to enter the fatigue curves is currently determined using a pseudo-elastic analysis that represents strain range due to inelastic deformations. API 650 employs beam on elastic foundation theory for this analysis. This theory is being used for tanks resting fully on earthen foundation as well as those on concrete ring wall. This paper studies the validity of using this theory for tanks with concrete ring wall foundation which are much more rigid compared to earthen foundations. Some of the difficulties in the current practice are highlighted. An alternative to the current model is presented for the determination of stresses in such tanks. The results are validated using finite element analysis. The results show that the current practice needs to be revised or rejustified in an alternative manner.
Solid-Liquid Hybrid Thermal Interfaces for Low-Contact Pressure Thermal Switching
Authors: Jia Y. , Ju Y. S.
Published: March 2014

Switchable thermal interfaces allow controlled modulation of thermal conductance and are a key enabler of microdevices and systems that require reconfigurable heat transfer paths. We report a solid-liquid hybrid thermal interface for reliable low-contact pressure (<1 kPa) switching with on-state thermal contact resistance <15 × 10−6 m2K/W. Reduction in the thermal resistance of hybrid interfaces created through electroplating was evaluated using transient pulsed heating measurements and thermal time constant characterization. Compared with pure liquid-mediated interfaces and direct solid-solid contacts reported previously, the hybrid interface shows superior thermal performance under the same loading pressure while avoiding the use of liquid metals. The hybrid interface may be readily used with low-power electrostatic or Lorenz force-based actuators as part of integrated thermal microdevices.
“Allez Wiggo”: A Case Study on the Reactions of the British Print Media to Bradley Wiggins’s Victory in the Tour de France
Authors: Griggs Gerald , Gibbons Tom , Rees Tony , Groves Mark
Published: March 2014

On July 22, 2012, Bradley Wiggins became the frst-ever British cyclist to win the Tour de France. This article examines how the events surrounding Wiggins’s win were reported in the British (London-based) print media the day after his victory. Thematic coding revealed 2 specific themes: “Arise Sir Bradley Le Gentleman” and “Wiggo the Mod.”
Science Signaling
Podcast: 18 March 2014
Authors: Bryja Vitezslav , de Groot Reinoud E. A. , Korswagen Hendrik C. , VanHook Annalisa M.
Published: March 2014

Huwe1 ubiquitylates Dishevelled to negatively regulate Wnt signaling.
Next Science Wound Gel Technology, a Novel Agent That Inhibits Biofilm Development by Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Wound Pathogens
Authors: Miller Kyle G. , Tran Phat L. , Haley Cecily L. , Kruzek Cassandra , Colmer-Hamood Jane A. , Myntti Matt , Hamood Abdul N.
Published: March 2014

Loss of the skin barrier facilitates the colonization of underlying tissues with various bacteria, where they form biofilms that protect them from antibiotics and host responses. Such wounds then become chronically infected. Topical antimicrobials are a major component of chronic wound therapy, yet currently available topical antimicrobials vary in their effectiveness on biofilm-forming pathogens. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Next Science wound gel technology (NxtSc), a novel topical agent designed to kill planktonic bacteria, penetrate biofilms, and kill the bacteria within.
In vitro
quantitative analysis, using strains isolated from wounds, showed that NxtSc inhibited biofilm development by
Staphylococcus aureus
,
Staphylococcus epidermidis
,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
,
Acinetobacter baumannii
, and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
by inhibiting bacterial growth. The gel formulation NxtSc-G5, when applied to biofilms preformed by these pathogens, reduced the numbers of bacteria present by 7 to 8 log
10
CFU/disc or CFU/g.
In vivo
, NxtSc-G5 prevented biofilm formation for 72 h when applied at the time of wounding and infection and eliminated biofilm infection when applied 24 h after wounding and infection. Storage of NxtSc-G5 at room temperature for 9 months did not diminish its efficacy. These results establish that NxtSc is efficacious
in vitro
and
in vivo
in preventing infection and biofilm development by different wound pathogens when applied immediately and in eliminating biofilm infection already established by these pathogens. This novel antimicrobial agent, which is nontoxic and has a usefully long shelf life, shows promise as an effective agent for the prevention and treatment of biofilm-related infections.
Identification of the NS5B S282T Resistant Variant and Two Novel Amino Acid Substitutions That Affect Replication Capacity in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients Treated with Mericitabine and Danoprevir
Authors: Tong Xiao , Li Lewyn , Haines Kristin , Najera Isabel
Published: March 2014

Baseline and posttreatment samples from hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT) 1-infected patients who received a combination of danoprevir and mericitabine from a phase II clinical study (INFORM-SVR) were analyzed. In addition to resistance monitoring, sequencing and phenotypic assays were combined with statistical analysis to identify potential novel amino acid substitutions associated with treatment outcome. The NS5B S282T substitution associated with mericitabine resistance was identified in 2/30 viral breakthrough patients and was replaced by wild-type viruses after cessation of drug treatment (during follow-up). The NS3 R155K substitution associated with danoprevir resistance was also observed in these 2 patients. All 69 GT 1a-infected patients who experienced viral breakthrough on treatment or relapsed during follow-up (relapsers) developed NS3 R155K. Among GT 1b-infected patients, substitutions at the danoprevir resistance locus NS3 D168 were observed in 15/20 subjects, whereas substitutions at the danoprevir resistance locus NS3 R155 were observed in 5/20 subjects. Interestingly, the baseline polymorphism NS5B Q47H was more prevalent in GT 1a-infected patients who achieved a sustained virologic response at follow-up week 24 (SVR24) than in non-SVR24 patients (2/13 versus 0/72), and a postbaseline NS3 S122G substitution was more prevalent in GT 1a-infected patients with viral breakthrough than in relapsers (4/22 versus 0/47). Neither substitution conferred resistance to danoprevir or mericitabine, but the substitutions reduced (NS5B Q47H) or improved (NS3 S122G) replication capacity by 2- to 4-fold. The NS5B S282T mericitabine-resistant variant was rare and did not persist once drug was discontinued. NS5B Q47H and NS3 S122G are two newly identified substitutions that affected replication capacity and were enriched in distinct treatment response groups. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01278134.)
Ceftaroline-Heteroresistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Saravolatz Stephanie N. , Martin Hayley , Pawlak Joan , Johnson Leonard B. , Saravolatz Louis D.
Published: March 2014

Heteroresistance refers to the presence, within a large population of antimicrobial-susceptible microorganisms, of subpopulations with lesser susceptibilities. Ceftaroline is a novel cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA). The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of ceftaroline heteroresistance
in vitro
in a select group of
S. aureus
strains. There were 57 isolates selected for evaluation, 20 MRSA, 20 vancomycin-intermediate
S. aureus
(VISA), 7 daptomycin-nonsusceptible
S. aureus
(DNSSA), 6 linezolid-nonsusceptible
S. aureus
(LNSSA), and 4 heteroresistant VISA (hVISA) isolates. MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined using the broth microdilution method according to CLSI guidelines. All of the isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The staphylococcal cassette chromosome
mec
element (SCC
mec
) types were determined by a multiplex PCR. Population analysis profiles (PAPs) were performed to determine heteroresistance for all of the isolates using plates made by adding various amounts of ceftaroline to brain heart infusion agar. The frequencies of resistant subpopulations were 1 in 10
4
to 10
5
organisms. We determined that 12 of the 57 (21%) isolates tested were ceftaroline-heteroresistant
S. aureus
(CHSA). CHSA occurred among strains with reduced susceptibilities to vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid but occurred in none of the USA-300 isolates tested. Evaluation of the heteroresistant strains demonstrated that the phenotype was unstable. Further studies are needed to determine whether CHSA has a role in clinical failures and to determine the implications of our study findings.
Mortality at older ages and moves in residential and sheltered housing: evidence from the UK
Authors: Robards James , Evandrou Maria , Falkingham Jane , Vlachantoni Athina
Published: March 2014

Background

The study examines the relationship between transitions to residential and sheltered housing and mortality. Past research has focused on housing moves over extended time periods and subsequent mortality. In this paper, annual housing transitions allow the identification of the patterning of housing moves, the duration of stay in each sector and the assessment of the relationship of preceding moves to a heightened risk of dying.

Methods

The study uses longitudinal data constructed from pooled observations from the British Household Panel Survey (waves 1993–2008). Records were pooled for all cases where the survey member is 65 years or over and living in private housing at baseline and observed at three consecutive time points, including baseline (N=23 727). Binary logistic regression (death as outcome three waves after baseline) explored the relative strength of different housing transitions, controlling for sociodemographic predictors.

Results

(1) Transition to residential housing within the previous 12 months was associated with the highest mortality risk. (2) Results support existing findings showing an interaction between marital status and mortality, whereby unmarried persons were more likely to die. (3) Higher male mortality was observed across all housing transitions.

Conclusions

An older person's move to residential housing is associated with a higher risk of mortality within 12 months of the move. Survivors living in residential housing for more than a year, show a similar probability of dying to those living in sheltered housing. Results highlight that it is the type of accommodation that affects an older person's mortality risk, and the length of time they spend there.
Impact of a faculty development programme for teaching communication skills on participants’ practice
Authors: Junod Perron Noelle , Cullati Stephane , Hudelson Patricia , Nendaz Mathieu , Dolmans Diana , van der Vleuten Cees
Published: March 2014

Purpose of the study

A 6-month faculty development programme was designed to improve supervisors’ feedback to junior doctors on their clinical communication skills (CS) and included both CS and teaching skills training. The aim of this study was to assess supervisors’ views on the impact of the programme on their subsequent teaching and communication practice.

Study design

28 clinical supervisors at the Geneva University Hospitals, from either inpatient or outpatient settings (general internists or primary care specialists), undertook a six-session faculty development programme, between 2009 and 2011, and each completed a short questionnaire before and 1 month after the course. Between 3 and 6 months after the course, the participants were interviewed about their views on the impact of the course on their practice using a semistructured interview. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.

Results

The percentage of participants who reported teaching CS at least once a week had increased from 5/26 (19%) to 8/26 (30%), p=0.07. Participants reported using teaching skills, especially giving structured feedback. Use of newly acquired teaching skills was more likely when participants had protected time for teaching or were involved in formal teaching activities. Even participants who reported minimal teaching activity found the newly acquired CS to be useful, both with their own patients and in other professional situations. The few participants who explicitly reported teaching regularly CS in practice had generally become formal teachers in CS training.

Conclusions

A faculty development programme on how to teach CS is perceived to be useful by clinical supervisors to acquire new skills, but using them in the workplace appears to depend on creation of a supportive environment with protected time for teaching. Involving supervisors in formal communication teaching may be one way to ensure continued use of newly learned teaching skills.
Republished: Lung cancer in never-smokers. Does smoking history matter in the era of molecular diagnostics and targeted therapy?
Authors: Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius
Published: March 2014

Lung cancer in never-smokers was recognised as a distinct clinical entity around the mid-2000s because these patients tended to be Asian women and diagnosed at a younger age with a preponderance of adenocarcinoma and better survival outcome despite a more advanced stage of presentation. It was soon discovered that lung cancer in never-smokers had a higher prevalence of activating EGFR mutations and we tend to classify lung cancer by smoking status for screening purpose. With the discoveries of many actionable driver mutations such as activating EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangement in adenocarcinoma of the lung we have switched to classifying non-small cell lung cancer into different individual molecular subgroups based on the presence of a dominant driver mutation. Although many actionable driver mutations are found in never-smokers with adenocarcinoma, this review will summarise that a substantial proportion of patients with these actionable driver mutations had a previous smoking history. Alternatively among the driver mutations that are associated with smoking history, a fair amount of these patients were never-smokers. Thus smoking status should not be used as a screen strategy for identifying driver mutations in clinical practice. Finally smoking history may have predictive and/or prognostic significance within individual molecular subgroups and identifying the difference according to smoking history may help optimise future targeted therapy.
Running sprint interval training induces fat loss in women
Authors: Hazell Tom J. , Hamilton Craig D. , Olver T. Dylan , Lemon Peter W.R.
Published: March 2014

Data on whether sprint interval training (SIT) (repeated supermaximal intensity, short-duration exercise) affects body composition are limited, and the data that are available suggest that men respond more favourably than do women. Moreover, most SIT data involve cycling exercise, and running may differ because of the larger muscle mass involved. Further, running is a more universal exercise type. This study assessed whether running SIT can alter body composition (air displacement plethysmography), waist circumference, maximal oxygen consumption, peak running speed, and (or) the blood lipid profile. Fifteen recreationally active women (age, 22.9 ± 3.6 years; height, 163.9 ± 5.1 cm; mass, 60.8 ± 5.2 kg) completed 6 weeks of running SIT (4 to 6, 30-s “all-out” sprints on a self-propelled treadmill separated by 4 min of rest performed 3 times per week). Training decreased body fat mass by 8.0% (15.1 ± 3.6 to 13.9 ± 3.4 kg, P = 0.002) and waist circumference by 3.5% (80.1 ± 4.2 to 77.3 ± 4.4 cm, P = 0.048), whereas it increased fat-free mass by 1.3% (45.7 ± 3.5 to 46.3 ± 2.9 kg, P = 0.05), maximal oxygen consumption by 8.7% (46 ± 5 to 50 ± 6 mL/(kg·min), P = 0.004), and peak running speed by 4.8% (16.6 ± 1.7 to 17.4 ± 1.4 km/h, P = 0.026). There were no differences in food intake assessed by 3-day food records (P > 0.329) or in blood lipids (P > 0.595), except for a slight decrease in high-density lipoprotein concentration (1.34 ± 0.28 to 1.24 ± 0.24 mmol/L, P = 0.034). Running SIT is a time-efficient strategy for decreasing body fat while increasing aerobic capacity, peak running speed, and fat-free mass in healthy young women.
Effect of bovine colostrum, cheese whey, and spray-dried porcine plasma on the in vitro growth of probiotic bacteria and Escherichia coli
Authors: Champagne Claude P. , Raymond Yves , Pouliot Yves , Gauthier Sylvie F. , Lessard Martin
Published: March 2014

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of defatted colostrum (Col), defatted decaseinated colostrum whey, cheese whey, and spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) as supplements of a growth medium (de Man – Rogosa – Sharpe (MRS) broth) on the multiplication of lactic acid bacteria, probiotic bacteria, and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli. Using automated spectrophotometry (in vitro system), we evaluated the effect of the 4 supplements on maximum growth rate (μmax), lag time (LagT), and biomass (ODmax) of 12 lactic acid bacteria and probiotic bacteria and of an E. coli culture. Enrichment of MRS broth with a Col concentration of 10 g/L increased the μmax of 5 of the 12 strains by up to 55%. Negative effects of Col or SDPP on growth rates were also observed with 3 probiotic strains; in one instance μmax was reduced by 40%. The most effective inhibitor of E. coli growth was SDPP, and this effect was not linked to its lysozyme content. The positive effect of enrichment with the dairy-based ingredient might be linked to enrichment in sugars and increased buffering power of the medium. These in vitro data suggest that both Col and SDPP could be considered as supplements to animal feeds to improve intestinal health because of their potential to promote growth of probiotic bacteria and to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria such as E. coli.
Quantitative residual properties of Γ-limit groups
Authors: Solie Brent B.
Published: March 2014

Let Γ be a fixed hyperbolic group. The Γ-limit groups of Sela are exactly the finitely generated, fully residually Γ groups. We introduce a new invariant of Γ-limit groups called Γ-discriminating complexity. We further show that the Γ-discriminating complexity of any Γ-limit group is asymptotically dominated by a polynomial.
Particle methods for pedestrian flow models: From microscopic to nonlocal continuum models
Authors: Etikyala R. , Göttlich S. , Klar A. , Tiwari S.
Published: March 2014

A hierarchy of models for pedestrian flow is numerically investigated using particle methods. It includes microscopic models based on interacting particle system coupled to an eikonal equation, hydrodynamic models using equations for density and mean velocity, nonlocal continuum equations for the density and diffusive Hughes equations. Particle methods are used on all levels of the hierarchy. Numerical test cases are investigated by comparing the above models.
Effects of a scalar field on the thermodynamics of interuniversal entanglement
Authors: Garay Iñaki , Robles-Pérez Salvador
Published: March 2014

We consider a multiverse scenario made up of classically disconnected regions of the spacetime that are, nevertheless, in a quantum entangled state. The addition of a scalar field enriches the model and allows us to treat both the inflationary and the "oscillatory stage" of the universe on the same basis. Imposing suitable boundary conditions on the state of the multiverse, two different representations are constructed related by a Bogoliubov transformation. We compute the thermodynamic magnitudes of the entanglement, such as entropy and energy, explore the effects introduced by the presence of the scalar field and compare with previous results in the absence of scalar field.
The entropy excess and moment of inertia excess ratio with inclusion of statistical pairing fluctuations
Authors: Razavi R. , Dehghani V.
Published: March 2014

The entropy excess of 163 Dy compared to 162 Dy as a function of nuclear temperature have been investigated using the mean value Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) method based on application of the isothermal probability distribution function to take into account the statistical fluctuations. Then, the spin cut-off excess ratio (moment of inertia excess ratio) introduced by Razavi [Phys. Rev. C88 (2013) 014316] for proton and neutron system have been obtained and are compared with their corresponding data on the BCS model. The results show that the overall agreement between the BCS model and mean value BCS method is satisfactory and the mean value BCS model reduces fluctuations and washes out singularities. However, the expected constant value in the entropy excess is not reproduced by the mean value BCS method.
Denjoy, Demuth and density
Authors: Bienvenu Laurent , Hölzl Rupert , Miller Joseph S. , Nies André
Published: March 2014

We consider effective versions of two classical theorems, the Lebesgue density theorem and the Denjoy–Young–Saks theorem. For the first, we show that a Martin-Löf random real z ∈ [0, 1] is Turing incomplete if and only if every effectively closed class 𝒞 ⊆ [0, 1] containing z has positive density at z. Under the stronger assumption that z is not LR-hard, we show that every such class has density one at z. These results have since been applied to solve two open problems on the interaction between the Turing degrees of Martin-Löf random reals and K-trivial sets: the noncupping and covering problems. We say that f : [0, 1] → ℝ satisfies the Denjoy alternative at z ∈ [0, 1] if either the derivative f′(z) exists, or the upper and lower derivatives at z are +∞ and -∞, respectively. The Denjoy–Young–Saks theorem states that every function f : [0, 1] → ℝ satisfies the Denjoy alternative at almost every z ∈ [0, 1]. We answer a question posed by Kučera in 2004 by showing that a real z is computably random if and only if every computable function f satisfies the Denjoy alternative at z. For Markov computable functions, which are only defined on computable reals, we can formulate the Denjoy alternative using pseudo-derivatives. Call a real zDA-random if every Markov computable function satisfies the Denjoy alternative at z. We considerably strengthen a result of Demuth (Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin.24(3) (1983) 391–406) by showing that every Turing incomplete Martin-Löf random real is DA-random. The proof involves the notion of nonporosity, a variant of density, which is the bridge between the two themes of this paper. We finish by showing that DA-randomness is incomparable with Martin-Löf randomness.
IMPROVING FORECASTING ACCURACY OF THE S&P500 INTRA-DAY PRICE DIRECTION USING BOTH WAVELET LOW AND HIGH FREQUENCY COEFFICIENTS
Authors: LAHMIRI S.
Published: March 2014

Numerous research works have successfully applied the wavelet analysis for the decomposition and forecasting of financial data. Particularly, using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) stock price time series were analyzed following a fixed sub-band coding scheme, which provides a low time resolution for low frequencies and a high time resolution for high frequencies. Following the standard approach found in the literature, only low frequency components were considered as main features to predict stock prices. However, this approach lacks of details about the generative process of the original data. In this paper, we rely on DWT high frequency sub-band to extract short interval hidden information for better classification of future Standard and Poors (S&P500) one minute ahead direction using artificial neural network trained with backpropagation algorithm. The simulation results show that our approach that uses both low (approximation) and high (detail) frequency coefficients provides better classification rates than the standard one. In addition, simulation results show that low frequency components are appropriate to detect future downshifts in S&P500, whilst our approach is suitable to predict future upwards. Thus, the standard approach provides valuable information for risk averse investors trading S&P500, and our approach that combines low and high frequency coefficients is strongly useful for aggressive investors seeking short-term profits when trading S&P500.
On 2-star-permutability in regular multi-pointed categories
Authors: Gran Marino , Rodelo Diana
Published: March 2014

2-star-permutable categories were introduced in a joint work with Janelidze and Ursini as a common generalization of regular Mal'tsev categories and of normal subtractive categories. In the present paper, we first characterize these categories in terms of what we call star-regular pushouts. We then show that the 3 × 3 Lemma characterizing normal subtractive categories and the Cuboid Lemma characterizing regular Mal'tsev categories are special instances of a more general homological lemma for star-exact sequences. We prove that 2-star-permutability is equivalent to the validity of this lemma for a star-regular category.
Abian's poset and the ordered monoid of annihilator classes in a reduced commutative ring
Authors: Anderson David F. , LaGrange John D.
Published: March 2014

Let R be a reduced commutative ring with 1 ≠ 0. Then R is a partially ordered set under the Abian order defined by x ≤ y if and only if xy = x2. Let RE be the set of equivalence classes for the equivalence relation on R given by x ~ y if and only if ann R(x) = ann R(y). Then RE is a commutative Boolean monoid with multiplication [x][y] = [xy] and is thus partially ordered by [x] ≤ [y] if and only if [xy] = [x]. In this paper, we study R and RE as both monoids and partially ordered sets. We are particularly interested in when RE can be embedded in R as either a monoid or a partially ordered set.
Resonant (p, 2)-equations with asymmetric reaction
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D.
Published: March 2014

We consider a nonlinear, nonhomogeneous Dirichlet problem driven by the sum of a p-Laplacian and a Laplacian, 2 < p < ∞ ((p, 2)-equation) and with a reaction which exhibits asymmetric behavior at +∞ and at -∞ and is resonant. Using variational methods together with Morse theoretic arguments, we prove the existence of two and three nontrivial solutions.
Completely monotonic functions related to the q-gamma and the q-trigamma functions
Authors: Salem Ahmed
Published: March 2014

In this paper, two completely monotonic functions involving the q-gamma and the q-trigamma functions where q is a positive real, are introduced and exploited to derive sharp bounds for the q-gamma function in terms of the q-trigamma function. These results, when letting q → 1, are shown to be new. Also, sharp bounds for the q-digamma function in terms of the q-tetragamma function are derived. Furthermore, an infinite class of inequalities for the q-polygamma function is established.
ENRICHED LATTICE-VALUED TOPOLOGICAL GROUPS
Authors: AHSANULLAH T. M. G. , GAULD DAVID , AL-MUFARRIJ JAWAHER , AL-THUKAIR FAWZI
Published: March 2014

In this paper, we focus on enriched cl-premonoid-valued topological groups, and their so-called change-of-basis lattice. In so doing, we take L as an enriched cl-premonoid and present a category SL-NTopGrp, of stratified enriched cl-premonoid-valued neighborhood topological groups. We produce some characterization theorems, and prove that every stratified L-neighborhood topological group is uniformizable. Finally, we look at the enriched lattice-valued neighborhood topological group when the underlying basis is changed under certain functorial mechanism.
Early Permian 90° clockwise rotation of the Maures–Estérel–Corsica–Sardinia block confirmed by new palaeomagnetic data and followed by a Triassic 60° clockwise rotation
Authors: Edel J.-B. , Casini L. , Oggiano G. , Rossi P. , Schulmann K.
Published: March 2014

Palaeomagnetic investigations of the Corso-Sardinian block and Maures–Estérel show that there has been a change in their magnetic orientation during the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian period (305–280 Ma). This trend is interpreted in terms of a large-scale 90° clockwise rotation of the southern branch of the Variscan belt that matches the successive change in shortening directions revealed by structural geology. The evidence is based on existing structural studies of the fabrics of syntectonically emplaced granitoids partly based on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, combined with a large database of isotopic ages. The chronological match between the palaeomagnetic and tectonic datasets is interpreted here as a result of large-scale dextral wrench movements in the lithosphere between the Gondwana and Laurussia supercontinents. This wrench deformation is regarded as a sequel to the dextral rotation of the northern branch of the Variscan belt during 330–315 Ma which terminated in frontal collision with Avalonia. The continuation of movement in the southern Variscan realm was due to shearing along the southern margin of the Avalonian block. An additional clockwise rotation is inferred to have taken place during the Triassic period. The age of this motion remains to be determined.

Supplementary material:

Palaeomagnetic and geochronological data from the Maures–Estérel, Corsica–Sardinia block presented in Figure
7
and discussed in the text are available at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/SUP18742
.
Computing the sparsity pattern of Hessians using automatic differentiation
Authors: Gower Robert Mansel , Mello Margarida Pinheiro
Published: March 2014

We compare two methods that calculate the sparsity pattern of Hessian matrices using the computational framework of automatic differentiation. The first method is a forward-mode algorithm by Andrea Walther in 2008 which has been implemented as the driver called hess_pat in the automatic differentiation package ADOL-C. The second is edge_push_sp, a new reverse mode algorithm descended from the edge_pushing algorithm for calculating Hessians by Gower and Mello in 2012. We present complexity analysis and perform numerical tests for both algorithms. The results show that the new reverse algorithm is very promising.
Algorithm 935
Authors: Ratnanather J. Tilak , Kim Jung H. , Zhang Sirong , Davis Anthony M. J. , Lucas Stephen K.
Published: March 2014

A
MATLAB
toolbox,
IIPBF
, for calculating infinite integrals involving a product of two Bessel functions
J

a

(ρ
x
)
J

b

(τ
x
),
J

a

(ρ
x
)
Y

b

(τ
x
) and
Y

a

(ρ
x
)
Y

b

(τ
x
), for non-negative integers
a
,
b
, and a well-behaved function
f
(
x
), is described. Based on the Lucas algorithm previously developed for
J

a

(ρ
x
)
J

b

(τ
x
) only,
IIPBF
recasts each product as the sum of two functions whose oscillatory behavior is exploited in the three-step procedure of adaptive integration, summation, and extrapolation. The toolbox uses customised
QUADPACK
and
IMSL
functions from a
MATLAB
conversion of the
SLATEC
library. In addition,
MATLAB
's own
quadgk
function for adaptive Gauss-Kronrod quadrature results in a significant speed up compared with the original algorithm. Usage of
IIPBF
is described and eighteen test cases illustrate the robustness of the toolbox; five additional ones are used to compare
IIPBF
with the
BESSELINT
code for rational and exponential forms of
f
(
x
) with
J

a

(ρ
x
)
J

b

(τ
x
). Reliability for a broad range of values of ρ and τ for the three different product types as well as different orders in one case is demonstrated. An electronic appendix provides a novel derivation of formulae for five cases.
Algorithm 937
Authors: Choi Sou-Cheng T. , Saunders Michael A.
Published: March 2014

We describe algorithm MINRES-QLP and its FORTRAN 90 implementation for solving symmetric or Hermitian linear systems or least-squares problems. If the system is singular, MINRES-QLP computes the unique minimum-length solution (also known as the pseudoinverse solution), which generally eludes MINRES. In all cases, it overcomes a potential instability in the original MINRES algorithm. A positive-definite preconditioner may be supplied. Our FORTRAN 90 implementation illustrates a design pattern that allows users to make problem data known to the solver but hidden and secure from other program units. In particular, we circumvent the need for reverse communication. Example test programs input and solve real or complex problems specified in Matrix Market format. While we focus here on a FORTRAN 90 implementation, we also provide and maintain MATLAB versions of MINRES and MINRES-QLP.
A parallel implementation of Davidson methods for large-scale eigenvalue problems in SLEPc
Authors: Romero Eloy , Roman Jose E.
Published: March 2014

In the context of large-scale eigenvalue problems, methods of Davidson type such as Jacobi-Davidson can be competitive with respect to other types of algorithms, especially in some particularly difficult situations such as computing interior eigenvalues or when matrix factorization is prohibitive or highly inefficient. However, these types of methods are not generally available in the form of high-quality parallel implementations, especially for the case of non-Hermitian eigenproblems. We present our implementation of various Davidson-type methods in SLEPc, the Scalable Library for Eigenvalue Problem Computations. The solvers incorporate many algorithmic variants for subspace expansion and extraction, and cover a wide range of eigenproblems including standard and generalized, Hermitian and non-Hermitian, with either real or complex arithmetic. We provide performance results on a large battery of test problems.
Optimally packed chains of bulges in multishift QR algorithms
Authors: Karlsson Lars , Kressner Daniel , Lang Bruno
Published: March 2014

The QR algorithm is the method of choice for computing all eigenvalues of a dense nonsymmetric matrix
A
. After an initial reduction to Hessenberg form, a QR iteration can be viewed as chasing a small bulge from the top left to the bottom right corner along the subdiagonal of
A
. To increase data locality and create potential for parallelism, modern variants of the QR algorithm perform several iterations simultaneously, which amounts to chasing a chain of several bulges instead of a single bulge. To make effective use of level 3 BLAS, it is important to pack these bulges as tightly as possible within the chain. In this work, we show that the tightness of the packing in existing approaches is not optimal and can be increased. This directly translates into a reduced chain length by 33% compared to the state-of-the-art LAPACK implementation of the QR algorithm. To demonstrate the impact of our idea, we have modified the LAPACK implementation to make use of the optimal packing. Numerical experiments reveal a uniform reduction of the execution time, without affecting stability or robustness.
Algorithm 936
Authors: Krogh Fred T.
Published: March 2014

A code is presented which offers a simple clean way to get output that is very easy to read. Special support is given for the output of error messages which are a part of an application package or subprogram library. The code uses many of the features in Fortran 2003, and the “NEWUNIT=” in an open statement from Fortran 2008. The latter can easily be replaced with “UNIT=99”. One goal here is to illustrate some of the nice features in recent incarnations of Fortran.
An approach to manage reconfigurations and reduce area cost in hard real-time reconfigurable systems
Authors: Clemente Juan Antonio , Resano Javier , Mozos Daniel
Published: March 2014

This article presents a methodology for building real-time reconfigurable systems that ensures that all the temporal constraints of a set of applications are met while optimizing the utilization of the available reconfigurable resources. Starting from a static platform that meets all the real-time deadlines, our approach takes advantage of runtime reconfiguration in order to reduce the area needed while guaranteeing that all the deadlines are still met. This goal is achieved by identifying which tasks must be always ready for execution in order to meet the deadlines and by means of a methodology that also allows reducing the area requirements.
Unified form language
Authors: Alnæs Martin S. , Logg Anders , Ølgaard Kristian B. , Rognes Marie E. , Wells Garth N.
Published: March 2014

We present the Unified Form Language (UFL), which is a domain-specific language for representing weak formulations of partial differential equations with a view to numerical approximation. Features of UFL include support for variational forms and functionals, automatic differentiation of forms and expressions, arbitrary function space hierarchies for multifield problems, general differential operators and flexible tensor algebra. With these features, UFL has been used to effortlessly express finite element methods for complex systems of partial differential equations in near-mathematical notation, resulting in compact, intuitive and readable programs. We present in this work the language and its construction. An implementation of UFL is freely available as an open-source software library. The library generates abstract syntax tree representations of variational problems, which are used by other software libraries to generate concrete low-level implementations. Some application examples are presented and libraries that support UFL are highlighted.
SESSL
Authors: Ewald Roland , Uhrmacher Adelinde M.
Published: March 2014

This article introduces SESSL (

S
imulation
E
xperiment
S
pecification via a
S
cala
L
ayer

), an embedded domain-specific language for simulation experiments. It serves as an additional software layer between users and simulation systems and is implemented in Scala. SESSL supports multiple simulation systems and offers various features (e.g., for experiment design, performance analysis, result reporting, and simulation-based optimization). It supports “cutting-edge” experiments by allowing to add custom code, enables a reuse of functionality across simulation systems, and improves the reproducibility of simulation experiments.
Integrating profile-driven parallelism detection and machine-learning-based mapping
Authors: Wang Zheng , Tournavitis Georgios , Franke Björn , O'boyle Michael F. P.
Published: March 2014

Compiler-based auto-parallelization is a much-studied area but has yet to find widespread application. This is largely due to the poor identification and exploitation of application parallelism, resulting in disappointing performance far below that which a skilled expert programmer could achieve. We have identified two weaknesses in traditional parallelizing compilers and propose a novel, integrated approach resulting in significant performance improvements of the generated parallel code. Using profile-driven parallelism detection, we overcome the limitations of static analysis, enabling the identification of more application parallelism, and only rely on the user for final approval. We then replace the traditional target-specific and inflexible mapping heuristics with a machine-learning-based prediction mechanism, resulting in better mapping decisions while automating adaptation to different target architectures. We have evaluated our parallelization strategy on the NAS and SPEC CPU2000 benchmarks and two different multicore platforms (dual quad-core Intel Xeon SMP and dual-socket QS20 Cell blade). We demonstrate that our approach not only yields significant improvements when compared with state-of-the-art parallelizing compilers but also comes close to and sometimes exceeds the performance of manually parallelized codes. On average, our methodology achieves 96% of the performance of the hand-tuned OpenMP NAS and SPEC parallel benchmarks on the Intel Xeon platform and gains a significant speedup for the IBM Cell platform, demonstrating the potential of profile-guided and machine-learning- based parallelization for complex multicore platforms.
Adaptive workload-aware task scheduling for single-ISA asymmetric multicore architectures
Authors: Chen Quan , Guo Minyi
Published: March 2014

Single-ISA Asymmetric Multicore (AMC) architectures have shown high performance as well as power efficiency. However, current parallel programming environments do not perform well on AMC because they are designed for symmetric multicore architectures in which all cores provide equal performance. Their random task scheduling policies can result in unbalanced workloads in AMC and severely degrade the performance of parallel applications. To balance the workloads of parallel applications in AMC, this article proposes an adaptive Workload-Aware Task Scheduler (WATS) that consists of a history-based task allocator and a preference-based task scheduler. The history-based task allocator is based on a near-optimal, static task allocation using the historical statistics collected during the execution of a parallel application. The preference-based task scheduler, which schedules tasks based on a preference list, can dynamically adjust the workloads in AMC if the task allocation is less optimal due to approximation in the history-based task allocator. Experimental results show that WATS can improve both the performance and energy efficiency of task-based applications, with the performance gain up to 66.1% compared with traditional task schedulers.
A scalable and near-optimal representation of access schemes for memory management
Authors: Kritikakou Angeliki , Catthoor Francky , Kelefouras Vasilios , Goutis Costas
Published: March 2014

Memory management searches for the resources required to store the concurrently alive elements. The solution quality is affected by the representation of the element accesses: a sub-optimal representation leads to overestimation and a non-scalable representation increases the exploration time. We propose a methodology to near-optimal and scalable represent regular and irregular accesses. The representation consists of a set of pattern entries to compactly describe the behavior of the memory accesses and of pattern operations to consistently combine the pattern entries. The result is a final sequence of pattern entries which represents the global access scheme without unnecessary overestimation.