bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Morphological aspects of surgical meshes as a risk factor for bacterial colonization
Authors: Engelsman A F , van der Mei H C , Busscher H J , Ploeg R J
Published: July 2008

Background

Prosthetic meshes are increasingly popular in abdominal wall reconstructive surgery owing to a reduction in hernia recurrence rate. Individual meshes have been evaluated with respect to the formation of infectious biofilms, but no comprehensive comparison yet exists. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the material and morphology of surgical meshes on biofilm growth.

Methods

Biofilms of a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were grown in vitro on different meshes. Intact biofilms were stained fluorescently and evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy to distinguish dead from live bacteria and slime.

Results

Numbers of adhering bacteria and the amount of slime in the biofilm were dependent on the morphology of the mesh. Hydrophobicity and the presence of niches in multifilament meshes contributed most to increased biofilm growth.

Conclusion

The morphological properties of surgical meshes as well as their hydrophobicity influence bacterial growth and slime production. Differences in slime production may explain why the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment varies for different types of mesh.
Epigenetic regulation
Authors: Göndör A
Published: July 2008

Underlies many diseases
Probiotics in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Andersson R G
Published: July 2008

A cautionary tale
New Developments in Umami (Enhancing) Molecules
Authors: Winkel Chris , de Klerk Adri , Visser Jan , de Rijke Eva , Bakker Jan , Koenig Thorsten , Renes Harry
Published: July 2008

As health has become one of the main drivers in nutrition, the scientific interest in taste receptors and taste molecules has increased considerably. Academia as well as flavor and food companies are searching for molecules that make food more healthy but not less appetizing. In the savory area, salt and umami taste are being investigated. This review deals with the progress made in umami tasting molecules. Umami taste has been known as a separate taste for a long time in Asian countries and has been generally accepted as the fifth basic taste in the last decade of the previous century. In this review, first the current level of understanding of the umami receptors will be described. The main part of the paper will deal with the umami‐tasting molecules that have been published recently, including the work that has been performed within Givaudan itself. Lactoyl amides of GMP (guanosine monophosphate) appeared to have remarkably strong umami‐tasting properties.
The Anthelmintic Activity of the Cyclotides: Natural Variants with Enhanced Activity
Authors: Colgrave Michelle L. , Kotze Andrew C. , Ireland David C. , Wang Conan K. , Craik David J.
Published: July 2008

The cyclotides are a family of backbone‐cyclised cystine‐knot‐containing peptides from plants that possess anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis, two important gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep. In the current study, we investigated the in vitro effects of newly discovered natural cyclotides on the viability of larval and adult life stages of these pests. The natural variants cycloviolacin O2, cycloviolacin O3, cycloviolacin O8, cycloviolacin O13, cycloviolacin O14, cycloviolacin O15, and cycloviolacin O16 extracted from Viola odorata showed up to 18‐fold greater potency than the prototypic cyclotide kalata B1 in nematode larval development assays. Cycloviolacin O2 and cycloviolacin O14 were significantly more potent than kalata B1 in adult H. contortus motility assays. The lysine and glutamic acid residues of cycloviolacin O2, the most potent anthelmintic cyclotide, were chemically modified to investigate the role of these charged residues in modulating the biological activity. The single glutamic acid residue, which is conserved across all known cyclotides, was shown to be essential for activity, with a sixfold decrease in potency of cycloviolacin O2 following methylation. The three lysine residues present in cycloviolacin O2 were acetylated to effectively mask the positive charge, resulting in a 18‐fold decrease in anthelmintic activity. The relative anthelmintic activities of the natural variants assayed against nematode larvae correlated with the number of charged residues present in their sequence.
Construction of a pH‐Responsive Artificial Membrane Fusion System by Using Designed Coiled‐Coil Polypeptides
Authors: Kashiwada Ayumi , Matsuda Kiyomi , Mizuno Toshihisa , Tanaka Toshiki
Published: July 2008

In many viruses, pH‐responsive coiled‐coil domains in the specific fusion proteins play important roles in membrane fusion and the infection of viruses into host cells. To investigate the relationship between the conformational change of the coiled coil and the fusion process, we have introduced a de novo designed polypeptide as a model system of the coiled‐coil domain. This system enables the systematic study of the dynamics of pH‐responsive coiled‐coil polypeptide–membrane interactions. First, we designed and synthesized pH‐responsive isoleucine‐zipper triple‐stranded coiled‐coil polypeptides. Then the relationship between the pH‐induced conformational change of the polypeptide and the membrane's interactive properties was studied by physicochemical methods. Structural changes in the designed polypeptides were examined by means of circular dichroism measurements. And finally, the behavior of the membrane fusion was investigated by leakage of liposomal contents, turbidity analysis, dynamic light scattering, and lipid mixing experiments. Our data show that coiled‐coil formation under acidic pH conditions enhances polypeptide‐induced membrane fusion. The results in this study demonstrate that an artificial membrane fusion system can be constructed on a molecular level by the use of a pH‐responsive isoleucine‐zipper triple‐stranded coiled‐coil polypeptide.
Synthesis, Surface Modifications, and Size‐Sorting of Mixed Nickel–Zinc Ferrite Colloidal Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Majewski P. , Krysiński P.
Published: July 2008

We report on the spontaneous covalent growth of monomolecular adlayers on mixed nickel–zinc nanoferrite colloidal suspensions (ferrofluids). Synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to surface modification by means of acid chloride chemistry, leading to the formation of covalent bonds between the hydroxy groups at the nanoparticle surface and the acid chloride molecules. This procedure can be easily tailored to allow for the formation of adlayers containing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions stacked at predetermined distances from the magnetic core, and also providing the nanoferrites with functional carboxy groups capable of further modifications with, for example, drug molecules. Here, fluorophore aminopyrene molecules were bound to such modified nanoferrites through amide bonds. We also used the same chemistry to modify the surface with covalently bound long‐chain palmitoyl moieties, and for comparison we also modified the nanoferrite surface by simple adsorption of oleic acid. Both procedures made the surface highly hydrophobic. These hydrophobic colloids were subsequently spread on an aqueous surface to form Langmuir monolayers with different characteristics. Moreover, since uniformity of size is crucial in a number of applications, we propose an efficient way of sorting the magnetic nanoparticles by size in their colloidal suspension. The suspension is centrifuged at increasing rotational speed and the fractions are collected after each run. The mean size of nanoferrite in each fraction was measured by the powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) technique.
One‐Pot Organocatalytic Domino Michael/α‐Alkylation Reactions: Direct Catalytic Enantioselective Cyclopropanation and Cyclopentanation Reactions
Authors: Ibrahem Ismail , Zhao Gui‐Ling , Rios Ramon , Vesely Jan , Sundén Henrik , Dziedzic Pawel , Córdova Armando
Published: July 2008

The development of one‐pot organocatalytic domino Michael/α‐alkylation reactions between bromomalonates or bromoacetoacetate esters and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes is presented. The chiral‐amine‐catalyzed reactions with bromomalonates as substrates give access to the corresponding 2‐formylcyclopropane derivatives in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivity and up to 99 % ee. The catalytic domino Michael/α‐alkylation reactions between 4‐bromo‐acetoacetate and enals provide a route for the synthesis of functionalized cyclopentanones in good to high yields with 93–99 % ee. The products from the organocatalytic reactions were also reduced with high diastereoselectivity to the corresponding cyclopropanols and cyclopentanols, respectively. Moreover, one‐pot combinations of amine and heterocyclic carbene catalysis (AHCC) enabled the highly enantioselective synthesis of β‐malonate esters (91–97 % ee) from the reaction between bromomalonates and enals. The tandem catalysis included the catalytic domino reaction followed by catalytic in situ chemoselective ring‐opening of the 2‐formylcyclopropane intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of a New Organically Templated Zincophosphate: (C2N2H10)2 [Zn(PO4)2].
Authors: Mao Shao‐Yu , Xie Yu , Xie Zhao‐Xiong , Zhao Jing‐Tai
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Assembled 3D Architectures of LuBO3:Eu3+: Phase‐Selective Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Tunable Luminescent Properties.
Authors: Yang Jun , Li Chunxia , Zhang Xiaoming , Quan Zewei , Zhang Cuimiao , Li Huaiyong , Lin Jun
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of the First 1‐D Borate Templated by Transition Metal Complex.
Authors: Wang Guo‐Ming , Li Jin‐Hua , Li Zeng‐Xin , Wang Pei , Li Hui
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of N‐Nonaflyl and N‐Cyano‐benzotriazoles with Enamines.
Authors: Uhde Moritz , Anwar Muhammad Usman , Ziegler Thomas
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Heteropoly Acids: A Green and Efficient Heterogeneous Broensted Acidic Catalyst for the Intermolecular Hydroamination of Olefins.
Authors: Yang Lei , Xu Li‐Wen , Xia Chun‐Gu
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Cu‐Catalyzed Regioselective Carbomagnesiation of Dienes and Enynes with sec‐ and tert‐Alkyl Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Todo Hirohisa , Terao Jun , Watanabe Hideyuki , Kuniyasu Hitoshi , Kambe Nobuaki
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Some 5‐Substituted‐3‐methyl‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐ones Using Microwaves.
Authors: Jyothi Divya , Prasad S. Hari
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Highly Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Aldehydes to Alkylidene Malonates.
Authors: Zhao Gui‐Ling , Vesely Jan , Sun Junliang , Christensen Kirsten E. , Bonneau Charlotte , Cordova Armando
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Alkylations of Ketoimines. Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Substituted Quaternary Carbon Stereogenic Centers by Zr‐Catalyzed Additions of Dialkylzinc Reagents to Aryl‐, Alkyl‐, and Trifluoroalkyl‐Substituted Ketoimines.
Authors: Fu Peng , Snapper Marc L. , Hoveyda Amir H.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Synthesis of N‐Phenylisoxazolidin‐5‐ones and a One‐Pot Synthesis of β‐Amino Acid Esters.
Authors: Seayad Jayasree , Patra Pranab Kumar , Zhang Yugen , Ying Jackie Y.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Resveratrol‐Based Compounds.
Authors: Handler Norbert , Saiko Philipp , Jaeger Walter , Szekeres Thomas , Wacheck Volker , Berner Heinz , Leisser Klaus , Erker Thomas
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of 2,9‐Bis(perfluorobutyl)pentacene (VI) as an n‐Type Organic Field‐Effect Transistor.
Authors: Okamoto Kazuo , Ogino Kenji , Ikari Mitsuaki , Kunugi Yoshihito
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Chloro‐7‐iodo‐8‐quinolinolatomanganese(III) with the Feature of pH‐Regulated Molecular Switches as a Highly Efficient Catalyst for Epoxidation of Olefins with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: Zhong Sheng , Fu Zaihui , Tan Yueming , Xie Qingji , Xie Fang , Zhou Xiaoping , Ye Zhengpei , Peng Guosheng , Yin Dulin
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Addition/Oxidative Rearrangement of 3‐Furfurals and 3‐Furyl Imines: New Approaches to Substituted Furans and Pyrroles.
Authors: Kelly Ann Rowley , Kerrigan Michael H. , Walsh Patrick J.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Double Intramolecular Alkyne Hydroalkoxylation: Synthesis of the Bisbenzanellated Spiroketal Core of Rubromycins.
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Xue Jijun , Xin Zhijun , Xie Zhixiang , Li Ying
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of α,β‐Unsaturated Sulfones with Isobenzofuran and N‐Boc‐isoindole Using Warrener′s Methodology.
Authors: Rincon Rocio , Plumet Joaquin
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐4‐indolylmaleimides.
Authors: Pews‐Davtyan Anahit , Tillack Annegret , Ortinau Stefanie , Rolfs Arndt , Beller Matthias
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ligandless Microwave‐Assisted Pd/Cu‐Catalyzed Direct Arylation of Oxazoles.
Authors: Besselievre Francois , Mahuteau‐Betzer Florence , Grierson David S. , Piguel Sandrine
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkenyl Bromides: Useful Coupling Partners for the Palladium‐Catalyzed Coupling with Heteroaromatics via a C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Gottumukkala Aditya L. , Derridj Fazia , Djebbar Safia , Doucet Henri
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Entry to 3‐Unsubstituted 2‐Isoxazolines.
Authors: Pohjakallio Antti , Pihko Petri M.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Dihydrothiazoles from the Selenium‐Induced Cyclization of Allyl Thioureas.
Authors: Qian Hao , Lian Yanhong
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Fluoroalkyl‐δ‐lactones from Polyfluoroalkyl Iodides and 5‐Hexenoic Acids.
Authors: Fang Xiang , Ying Qi , Chen Yang , Yang Xueyan , Yang Xianjin , Wu Fanhong
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Synthetic Approach to Tenatoprazole (VIII).
Authors: Dai Liyan , Fan Dongbo , Wang Xiaozhong , Chen Yingqi
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: First Example of Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinoxalines from α‐Diazoketones and Aryl 1,2‐Diamines.
Authors: Yadav J. S. , Reddy B. V. Subba , Rao Y. Gopala , Narsaiah A. V.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Functionalized Oligophenothiazines via One‐Pot Bromine—Lithium Exchange—Borylation—Suzuki Coupling (BLEBS).
Authors: Franz Adam W. , Mueller Thomas J. J.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and anti‐HIV Activity Evaluation of Novel 2,4‐Disubstituted 7‐Methyl‐1,1,3‐trioxo‐2,4‐dihydro‐pyrazolo[4,5‐e][1,2]thiadiazines.
Authors: Liu Xin‐yong , Yan Ren‐zhang , Wang Yan , Zhan Peng , De Clercq Erik , Pannecouque Christophe , Witvrouw Myriam , Molina Maria Teresa , Vega Salvador
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Melampolides from the Leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius and Their Inhibitory Activity of LPS‐Induced Nitric Oxide Production.
Authors: Hwang Bang Yeon , et al. et al.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Peptidosulfonamides.
Authors: Papandrea Giovanni , Ponticelli Fabio
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Salinamide A: A Potent Antiinflammatory Bicyclic Depsipeptide.
Authors: Tan Li , Ma Dawei
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Acetylation and Boc Protection of Carbohydrates, Phenols and Amines.
Authors: Mandal Pintu Kumar , Misra Anup Kumar
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Sedamine (III) by Cycloisomerization of an Allenic Hydroxylamine.
Authors: Bates Roderick W. , Nemeth Joseph A. , Snell Robert H.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Penicillenols from Penicillium sp. GQ‐7, an Endophytic Fungus Associated with Aegiceras corniculatum.
Authors: Lin Zhen‐Jian , Lu Zhen‐Yu , Zhu Tian‐Jiao , Fang Yu‐Chun , Gu Qian‐Qun , Zhu Wei‐Ming
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Peptaibiotics, Hydrophobin, and Mycotoxin Research, and Their Importance for Chemotaxonomy of Trichoderma and Hypocrea
Authors: Degenkolb Thomas , von Doehren Hans , Nielsen Kristian Fog , Samuels Gary J. , Brueckner Hans
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ecdysteroids from Vitex Species: Distribution and Compilation of Their 13C‐NMR Spectral Data
Authors: Sena Filho Jose G. , Duringer Jennifer , Maia Gabriela L. A. , Tavares Josean F. , Xavier Haroudo S. , Sobral da Silva Marcelo , da‐Cunha Emidio V. L. , Barbosa‐Filho Jose M.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Is Osmylation Always Preferring the Richest Double Bond?
Authors: Francais Antoine , Bedel Olivier , Haudrechy Arnaud
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Combinatorial Chemistry on Solid Phases
Authors: Kidwai Mazaahir , Mohan Richa
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Design of C2‐Symmetric Chiral Phase‐Transfer Catalysts for Practical Asymmetric Synthesis
Authors: Maruoka Keiji
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sixty Years of the Grunwald—Winstein Equation: Development and Recent Applications
Authors: Kevill Dennis N. , D'Souza Malcolm J.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Prepraration and Properties of Proteinaceous Microspheres Made Sonochemically
Authors: Gedanken Aharon
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Single Molecule Analysis by Surfaced‐Enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Pieczonka Nicholas P. W. , Aroca Ricardo F.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intracellular Applications of Analytical SERS Spectroscopy and Multispectral Imaging
Authors: Chourpa Igor , Lei Franck H. , Dubois Pierre , Manfait Michel , Sockalingum Ganesh D.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantitative Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bell Steven E. J. , Sirimuthu Narayana M. S.
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrochemical Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Nanostructures
Authors: Wu De‐Yin , Li Jian‐Feng , Ren Bin , Tian Zhong‐Qun
Published: July 2008

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The translocation of signaling molecules in dark adapting mammalian rod photoreceptor cells is dependent on the cytoskeleton
Authors: Reidel Boris , Goldmann Tobias , Giessl Andreas , Wolfrum Uwe
Published: July 2008

In vertebrate rod photoreceptor cells, arrestin and the visual G‐protein transducin move between the inner segment and outer segment in response to changes in light. This stimulus dependent translocation of signalling molecules is assumed to participate in long term light adaptation of photoreceptors. So far the cellular basis for the transport mechanisms underlying these intracellular movements remains largely elusive. Here we investigated the dependency of these movements on actin filaments and the microtubule cytoskeleton of photoreceptor cells. Co‐cultures of mouse retina and retinal pigment epithelium were incubated with drugs stabilizing and destabilizing the cytoskeleton. The actin and microtubule cytoskeleton and the light dependent distribution of signaling molecules were subsequently analyzed by light and electron microscopy. The application of cytoskeletal drugs differentially affected the cytoskeleton in photoreceptor compartments. During dark adaptation the depolymerization of microtubules as well as actin filaments disrupted the translocation of arrestin and transducin in rod photoreceptor cells. During light adaptation only the delivery of arrestin within the outer segment was impaired after destabilization of microtubules. Movements of transducin and arrestin required intact cytoskeletal elements in dark adapting cells. However, diffusion might be sufficient for the fast molecular movements observed as cells adapt to light. These findings indicate that different molecular translocation mechanisms are responsible for the dark and light associated translocations of arrestin and transducin in rod photoreceptor cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 65: 785–800, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sox9 is expressed in mouse multipotent retinal progenitor cells and functions in Müller Glial cell development
Authors: Poché Ross A. , Furuta Yasuhide , Chaboissier Marie‐Christine , Schedl Andreas , Behringer Richard R.
Published: July 2008

It is widely accepted that the process of retinal cell fate determination is under tight transcriptional control mediated by a combinatorial code of transcription factors. However, the exact repertoire of factors necessary for the genesis of each retinal cell type remains to be fully defined. Here we show that the HMG‐box transcription factor, Sox9, is expressed in multipotent mouse retinal progenitor cells throughout retinogenesis. We also find that Sox9 is downregulated in differentiating neuronal populations, yet expression in Müller glial cells persists into adulthood. Furthermore, by employing a conditional knockout approach, we show that Sox9 is essential for the differentiation and/or survival of postnatal Müller glial cells. J. Comp. Neurol. 510:237–250, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Variable‐Temperature Infrared Spectroscopy Studies on the Thermodynamics of CO Adsorption on the Zeolite Ca–Y
Authors: Bonelli Barbara , Areán Carlos Otero , Armandi Marco , Delgado Montserrat Rodríguez , Garrone Edoardo
Published: July 2008

Variable temperature FT–IR spectroscopy (in the range of 298–380 K) is used to study the thermodynamics of formation of Ca2+⋅⋅⋅CO carbonyl species upon CO adsorption on the faujasite‐type zeolite Ca–Y, and also the (temperature‐dependent) isomerization equilibrium between carbonyl and isocarbonyl (Ca2+⋅⋅⋅OC) species. The standard enthalpy and entropy changes involved in formation of the monocarbonyl species resulted to be ΔH0=−50.3 (±0.5) kJ mol−1 and ΔS0=−186 (±5) J mol−1 K−1, respectively. Isomerization of the (C‐bonded) Ca2+⋅⋅⋅CO carbonyl to yield the (O‐bonded) Ca2+⋅⋅⋅OC isocarbonyl involves an enthalpy change ${\Delta {\it H}_{{\rm{iso}}}^{\rm{0}} }$=+11.4 (±1.0) kJ mol−1. These results are compared with previously reported data for the CO/Sr–Y system; and also, a brief analysis of enthalpy–entropy correlation for CO adsorption on zeolites and metal oxides is given.
The complexity of CTBT verification. Taking noble gas monitoring as an example
Authors: Kalinowski Martin B. , Becker Andreas , Saey Paul R. J. , Tuma Matthias P. , Wotawa Gerhard
Published: July 2008

Verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear‐Test‐Ban Treaty is a complex undertaking. A monitoring system comprising a global network of 321 seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasound and radionuclide stations is used to detect signals that could indicate a possible nuclear explosion. This system daily sends more than 10 GB of raw data to the Vienna based International Data Centre for further processing and analysis to answer a simple question: have any indications for a possible nuclear explosion been sensed? We will focus on the 40 stations in charge for global radioxenon monitoring and discuss the complexity of solving the nuclear source attribution problem. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2008.
Rational Design of Solid Catalysts for the Selective Use of Glycerol as a Natural Organic Building Block
Authors: Jérôme François , Pouilloux Yannick , Barrault Joël
Published: July 2008

Glycerol is the main co‐product of the vegetable oils industry (especially biodiesel). With the rapid development of oleochemistry, the production of glycerol is rapidly increasing and chemists are trying to find new applications of glycerol to encourage a better industrial development of vegetable oils. In this Review, attention is focused on the selective use of glycerol as a safe organic building block for organic chemistry. An overview is given of the different heterogeneous catalytic routes developed by chemists for the successful and environmentally friendly use of glycerol in sustainable organic chemistry. In particular, the effects of different catalyst structural parameters are discussed to clearly highlight how catalysis can help organic chemists to overcome the drawbacks stemming from the use of glycerol as a safe organic building block. It is shown that heterogeneous catalysis offers efficient routes for bypassing the traditional use of highly toxic and expensive epichlorohydrin, 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol, or glycidol, which are usually used as a glyceryl donor in organic chemistry.
A novel low‐power receiver topology for RF and microwave applications
Authors: Zito Domenico
Published: July 2008

A novel low‐power receiver topology for radio‐frequency and microwave applications is presented. The proposed solution exploits a simple connection between the low‐noise amplifier and the subsequent mixer, which is realized by means of a high‐value resistor and a current mirror, achieving low noise and high linearity performance with an extremely low power consumption. The criteria for its optimal design are derived in order to accomplish the main trade‐offs among noise figure (NF), linearity, and current consumption performance.

As a case of study, the new topology has been designed in the case ofI/Qdirect conversion receiver for IEEE 802.15.4 standard (ZigBee) applications at 2.45 GHz. The receiver exhibits a NF of 8.7 dB, 50Ω input impedance, a voltage gain of 26 dB, an input‐referred third‐order intercept point of −13 dBm, and a power consumption of 8.6 mW, which represent one of the best performance trade‐offs obtained in the literature. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A 10 b 25 MS/s 4.8 mW 0.13 µm CMOS ADC with switched‐bias power‐reduction techniques
Authors: Choi Hee‐Cheol , Kim Young‐Ju , Lee Kyung‐Hoon , Kim Younglok , Lee Seung‐Hoon
Published: July 2008

This paper proposes a 10 b 25 MS/s 4.8 mW 0.13 µm CMOS analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC) for high‐performance portable wireless communication systems, such as digital video broadcasting, digital audio broadcasting, and digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) systems, simultaneously requiring a low‐voltage, low‐power, and small chip area. A two‐stage pipeline architecture optimizes the overall chip area and power dissipation of the proposed ADC at the target resolution and sampling rate, while switched‐bias power‐reduction techniques reduce the power consumption of the power‐hungry analog amplifiers. Low‐noise reference currents and voltages are implemented on chip with optional off‐chip voltage references for low‐power system‐on‐a‐chip applications. An optional down‐sampling clock signal selects a sampling rate of 25 or 10 MS/s depending on applications in order to further reduce the power dissipation. The prototype ADC fabricated in a 0.13 µm 1P8M CMOS technology demonstrates a measured peak differential non‐linearity and integral non‐linearity within 0.42 LSB and 0.91 LSB and shows a maximum signal‐to‐noise‐and‐distortion ratio and spurious‐free dynamic range of 56 and 65 dB at all sampling frequencies up to 25 MHz, respectively. The ADC with an active die area of 0.8 mm2consumes 4.8 and 2.4 mW at 25 and 10 MS/s, respectively, with a 1.2 V supply. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pseudo‐Octahedral Schiff Base Nickel(II) Complexes: Does Single Oxidation Always Lead to the Nickel(III) Valence Tautomer?
Authors: Rotthaus Olaf , Labet Vanessa , Philouze Christian , Jarjayes Olivier , Thomas Fabrice
Published: July 2008

With the aim of establishing correlations between the ligand structure and the oxidation site in nickel complexes from Schiff base ligands, five ligands and their nickel complexes have been synthesized. The prototypical asymmetric Schiff base ligand HL1 contains both phenol and pyridine pendant arms with a pivotal imine nitrogen atom. Ligands HL2–5 differ from HL1 by either their phenolate para substituent, the hybridization of the pivotal nitrogen atom, and/or the N‐donor properties of the pyridine moiety. The five complexes [Ni(L1–5)2] are obtained by treating the corresponding ligands with 0.5 equiv. of Ni(OAc)2·4H2O in the presence of NEt3. X‐ray crystal‐structure diffraction studies as well as DFT calculations reveal that [Ni(L1–5)2] involves a high‐spin nickel(II) ion within a pseudo‐octahedral geometry. The two ligands are arranged in a meridional fashion when the pivotal nitrogen atom is an imine {as in [Ni(L1–2)2] and [Ni(L4–5)2]}, while the fac isomer is preferred in [Ni(L3)2] (amino pivotal nitrogen atom). [Ni(L1)2] is characterized by an oxidation potential at –0.17 V vs. Fc+/Fc. The one‐electron‐oxidized species [Ni(L1)2]+ exhibits an EPR signal at g = 2.21 attributed to a phenoxyl radical that is antiferromagnetically coupled to a high‐spin NiII ion. [Ni(L2)2] differs from [Ni(L1)2] by the phenolate para substituent (a tert‐butyl instead of the methoxyl group) and exhibits an oxidation potential that is ca. 0.16 V higher. Compared to [Ni(L1)2]+ the cation [Ni(L2)2]+ exhibits a SOMO that is more localized on the metal atom. The EPR and electrochemical signatures of [Ni(L3)2]+ are similar to those of [Ni(L1)2]+, thus showing that an imino to amino substitution compensates for a methoxy to tert‐butyl one. Replacement of the pyridine by a quinoline group in [Ni(L4–5)2] makes the complexes slightly harder to oxidize. The EPR signatures of the cations [Ni(L4–5)2]+ are roughly similar to those of the pyridine analogs [Ni(L1–2)2]+. The oxidation site is thus not significantly affected by changes in the N‐donor properties of the terminal imino nitrogen atom.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
A Mixed‐Valence [MnIIMnIIIMnII] Complex of a Linear Phenol–bis(pyrazole) Ligand with an S = 3 Spin Ground State
Authors: Barrios Leoní A. , Aromí Guillem , Ribas Joan , Salinas Uber Jorge , Roubeau Olivier , Sakai Ken , Masaoka Shigeyuki , Gamez Patrick , Reedijk Jan
Published: July 2008

A novel ligand featuring one phenol and two pyrazole groups in a linear fashion was prepared. This donor facilitates the assembly of a mixed‐valence chain of Mn ions in the[MnIIMnIIIMnII] sequence, with formula [Mn3(Hpbpz)2(OAc)3(MeOH)3] (1). Complex 1 exhibits dominant antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent pairs of Mn ions. A fit of the magnetic susceptibility data using the Hamiltonian H = –2J1(S1S2 + S2S3) – 2J2(S1S3) yields coupling constants of J1 = –3.14 cm–1 and J2 = –0.39 cm–1, which leads to a spin ground state of ST = 3. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Example of Disulfide Conformational Change in the Solid State: Preparation, Optical Properties, and X‐ray Studies of a Cystamine‐Based Iodoplombate Hybrid
Authors: Louvain Nicolas , Mercier Nicolas , Luc Jerôme , Sahraoui Bouchta
Published: July 2008

A novel cystamine‐based hybrid, namely, α‐[{NH3(CH2)2SS(CH2)2NH3}PbI6]·2H3O (1a), was prepared under solvothermal conditions. Interestingly, 1a, which is built up from isolated PbI6 octahedra, can be easily changed into its polymorph, namely, β‐[{NH3(CH2)2S–S(CH2)2NH3}PbI6]·2H3O (1b) only by heating it up to 45 °C. According to the results of X‐ray diffraction analyses, the polymorphic phenomenon of 1a and 1b results from a conformational change in the helical diprotonated cystamine cation in the solid state. Both 1a and 1b crystallized in the orthorhombic Pna21 space group. The reversibility of this transformation is proved by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and second harmonic generation measurements.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
DFT Study of Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Nitroso Aldol Reaction Between Achiral Enamines and Nitrosobenzene: The Reason for Regio‐ and Enantioselectivity
Authors: Akakura Matsujiro , Kawasaki Masanori , Yamamoto Hisashi
Published: July 2008

The regio‐ and enantioselectivity of the nitroso aldol reaction between achiral enamines and nitrosobenzene catalyzed by chiral Brønsted acid catalysts (TADDOL or 1‐naphthylglycolic acid) were investigated in experimental and theoretical studies. The use of a model involving a simple organic acid (MeOH or AcOH) revealed that the reaction was catalyzed by two or more molecules of the organic acid and that the transition‐state structure encompassed several hydrogen bonds. The role of hydrogen bonding in the regioselectivity was also examined carefully. The enantioselectivity in the reaction catalyzed by chiral organic acids (S,S)‐TADDOL and (S)‐1‐naphthylglycolic acid was also confirmed through computational study.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Electrochemical Synthesis of Chitosan‐co‐polyaniline/WO3⋅nH2O Composite Electrode for Amperometric Detection of NO2 Gas
Authors: Tiwari Ashutosh , Gong Shaoqin
Published: July 2008

An electrode of hydrated tungsten oxide (WO3⋅nH2O) embedded chitosan‐co‐polyaniline (CHIT‐co‐PANI) composite was electrochemically prepared on an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass surface using mineral acid as a supporting electrolyte. The resulting CHIT‐co‐PANI/WO3⋅nH2O/ITO electrode was characterized using ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy (UV‐vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composite electrode exhibited a three‐dimensional nanofibrous structure with the diameter of the nanofibers ranging from 20 to 100 nm. The CHIT‐co‐PANI/WO3⋅nH2O/ITO electrode allowed for the low potential detection of NO2 gas in acidic medium. The NO2 gas sensing characteristics were studied by measuring change in the current with respect to concentration and time. Using the CHIT‐co‐PANI/WO3⋅nH2O/ITO electrode, NO2 gas was detected electrochemically without interference at pH 2.0 and 0.25 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The current of the electrochemical cell with the CHIT‐co‐PANI/WO3⋅nH2O/ITO electrode decreased linearly with an increase in NO2 gas concentration in a range from 100 to 500 ppb with a response time of eight seconds.