bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Manajemen Bandwidth dengan Metode Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) dan Per Connection Queue (PCQ) pada STMIK Antar Bangsa
Authors: Subhiyanto
Published: October 2021

Intisari—Penggunaan internet saat ini sangat dibutuhkan untuk kelancaran dan kemudahan sebuah pekerjaaan diperusahaan yang umumnya menggunakan internet secara bersamaan. Semakain bertambahnya pengguna internet semakin berkurangnya performa kemampuan internet. Cara yang dapat ditempuh untuk mengurangi penurunan performansi jaringan yaitu dengan melakukan manajemen Bandwidth. Manajemen Bandwidth sangat penting dalam pengaturan alokasi Bandwidth yang akan diberikan kepada user untuk menghindari perebutan alokasi Bandwidth yang ada di jaringan. Pada penelitian ini manajemen Bandwidth menggunakan dua metode, yaitu Per Connection Queue (PCQ) dan Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB). PCQ pada queue type adalah salah satu fitur dari MikroTik untuk membantu memanage traffic rate dan traffic packet sedangkan Hiearachical Token Bucket (HTB) merupakan jenis aplikasi yang digunakan untuk membatasi akses menuju ke port/IP tertentu tanpa mengganggu trafik Bandwidth pengguna lain. Hasil yang didapatkan bahwa kualitas jaringan dengan menggunakan metode antrian HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket) dan metode PCQ (Peer Connection Queue) lebih optimal, hal ini dikarenakan semua client akan mendapatkan kuota Bandwidth sesuai dengan rule yang diterapkan pada Bandwidth manajemen.
Kata Kunci—QoS, HTB, PCQ, Mikrotik
Referensi :
[1] A. Hafiz Kamrullah, “Penerapan Metode Qquality Of Service pada jaringan Traffic yang padat,” J. Jar. Komput. Univ. Sriwij., 2009.
[2] A. I. dkk Wijaya, “MANAJEMEN BANDWIDTH DENGAN METODE HTB ( HIERARCHICAL TOKEN BUCKET ) PADA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 5 SEMARANG,” pp. 5–7, 2007.
[3] Mirsantoso, T. U. Kalsum, and R. Supardi, “Implementasi Dan Analisa Per Connection Queue ( Pcq ) Sebagai,” J. Media Infotama, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 139–148, 2015.
[4] K. R. P. H. Leung and W. L. Yeung, “Generating User Acceptance Test Plans from Test Cases,” 31st Annu. Int. Comput. Softw. Appl.Conf.-Vol. 2-(COMPSAC 2007), no. Compsac, pp. 737–742, Jul.2007.
[5] E. Engström and P. Runeson, “Software product line testing– Asystematic mapping study,” Inf. Softw. Technol., vol. 53, no. 1, pp.2–13, Jan. 2011.
[6] At all Hardiman, “Analisis perbandingan QoS (Quality Of Service) Pada Manajemen Bandwidth Dengan Metode PCQ (Per Connection Queue) Dan HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket),” semanTIK, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 121–128, 2018.
[7] P. D. Roger, S. Pressman, Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak (Pendekatan Praktisi). Yogyakarta: Andi, 2012.
Հայերի էթնիկ զտումների և ցեղասպանական քաղաքականության իրագործման փուլերն Արևելյան Այսրկովկասում (XI-XX դդ․) (Մաս Բ)
Authors: Stepanyan Gevorg
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to present the motives and implementation stages of ethnic cleansing and genocidal policy perpetrated towards the indigenous Armenian population during the 11th-20th centuries in the Eastern Cis-Caucasus – in the territory stretching from the Kur Valley to the Apsheron Peninsula, on the basis of various primary sources (archival documents, statistical materials, periodical press, theme related literature).
The work is written by a combined examination of facts, applying the principles of historical investigation and historical-comparative analysis. The level of reliability and validity of the sources through their comprehensive study have been verified.
Through the combination of facts the following phases of the history of the main issue are presented: the policy of ethnic cleansing and genocide of Armenians in the Eastern Cis-Caucasus were still implemented in the 11th-18th centuries when the region regularly appeared under the invasions and dominion of various conquering nomadic tribes (Turk-Seljuks, Mongol-Tatars, Tamerlane, nomadic Turkmen tribes of Kara-Koyunlu and Ak-Koyunlu, Kizilbash invasions followed by the Turkish-Persian wars, Sunni Lezgins, invasions of Nader Shah and Agha Mohammad Khan). As a result, some part of the Armenian population was deported and left native lands or forcedly accepted the Muslim religion of the conquerers. The next phase of ethnic cleansing and atrocities was the period of the Armenian-Tatar clashes (1905-1906). Later, the policy of ethnic cleansing and genocide was implemented at state level already during the Musavat regime of the artificial “Azerbaijan” formation (1918-1920), and finally during the Soviet regime (1920-1990).
The article substantiates the fact that the indigenous Armenian population of the region was subjected to ethnic cleansing and genocide in its cradle, just as the Young Turks carried out the extermination of the Western Armenians in 1915-1916 in Western Armenia. Therefore, this policy should be described as a continuation and an integral part of the Genocide of Armenians, as the Armenian Genocide with its geographical coverage (from Cilicia to Baku), was a consequence of the implementation of a comprehensive pan-Turkic program.
There are numerous references to the issue in the historical literature, though the comprehensive study of ethnic cleansing and genocidal policies of Armenians in the Eastern Cis-Caucasus – in the territory stretching from the Kur Valley to the Apsheron Peninsula, has not been the subject of a separate study.
La innovación en la enseñanza de alemán realizada por Richard Ratti-Kámeke (1873-1945) en Barcelona a principios del s. XX
Authors: Marizzi Bernd
Published: October 2021

El objetivo de este artículo, que aborda un punto ciego en la historia del aprendizaje de idiomas en España, es doble: detallar información sobre uno de los autores y enseñantes del alemán ―en este caso el berlinés Richard Ratti-Kámeke (1873-1945)― y a la vez detallar aspectos de la innovación en la enseñanza del alemán entre hablantes del español llevada a cabo por él. En este sentido, el estudio se integra en AILA Research Network for the History of Language Learning and Teaching (HoLLT.net) cuyo objetivo es fomentar la investigación sobre la historia del aprendizaje y la enseñanza de idiomas sobre una base amplia e internacional.
El lenguaje xenófobo en el discurso de los adolescentes en redes sociales. Análisis y propuestas de trabajo en el aula
Authors: Sánchez García Francisco José
Published: October 2021

El tratamiento en el aula del tema del racismo ha sido abordado extensamente en los últimos años, pero estimamos necesaria una revisión exhaustiva del papel de las redes sociales en su reproducción discursiva entre los adolescentes españoles. Como demuestran estudios recientes, el auge del sentimiento nacionalista/patriótico español discurre en paralelo al crecimiento de fake news sobre migrantes y los mensajes xenófobos en redes sociales, lo cual es especialmente preocupante en el caso de los menores, mucho más permeables a la manipulación. En este artículo se constata la necesidad de dar cabida en el currículo a la educación en valores, implementando iniciativas didácticas que aborden específicamente el discurso del odio a personas de otras razas o procedentes de otros países. Proponemos recurrir a la red social Twitter para trabajar en clase con textos reales acerca de la cuestión migratoria, a fin de estimular el debate y la participación activa de los estudiantes en su proceso de aprendizaje, guiándolos en la detección de noticias falsas y mensajes discriminatorios, de modo que puedan disponer de las herramientas necesarias para construir su identidad en un marco de respeto, inclusión y tolerancia.
Поляризационные характеристики диффузно отраженного и проходящего излучения в среде с конечной оптической толщиной
Authors: Розиков Ж.Ю. , Собиров М.М. , Рузибоев В.У.
Published: October 2021

Рассчитаны степени поляризации диффузно проходящего и диффузно отраженного назад излучения вследствие многократного рассеяния в слоях мутной среды с конечной оптической толщиной, когда среда возбуждалась неполяризованным монохроматическим излучением. Исследованы образования, исчезновения и изменения положения нейтральных точек в угловых поляризационных характеристиках вторичного излучения в зависимости от угла освещения, оптических параметров и геометрической толщины среды. Расчёты проведены в рамках теории S и Т матриц Чандрасекара, развитой по новой методике расчёта уравнения переноса поляризованного излучения в средах с конечными толщинами.
Cross Sectional Study of Zinc, Copper and Magnesium Levels in Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy
Authors: B R Balaji , Pujari K N
Published: October 2021

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy related high blood pressure disorder. It involves defective trophoblast invasion and decreased spiral artery remodelling. Alterations in micronutrients have been identified as one of the risk factor of preeclampsia. In this study we have estimated the levels of zinc, copper, iron and magnesium in preeclampsia and normal pregnant women. Our study revealed a significant decrease of zinc, copper and magnesium levels and significant increase of iron levels in preeclampsia compared to normal pregnant women. Thus assessment of micronutrients in pregnancy helps in decreasing the incidence of preeclampsia.

Keywords: Preeclampsia, Zinc, Copper, Iron, Magnesium.
Meta-Analysis: The Relationship of Fe Tablet Consumption Adherence and Anemia Prevalence in Pregnant Women
Authors: Ma’rifati Ilma Muti’ah , Panghiyangani Roselina , Kania Nia
Published: October 2021

Anemia in pregnancy is anemia due to iron deficiency. The incidence of anemia in pregnant women ranges from 20% to 89%. As many as 40% of maternal deaths in developing countries are related to anemia in pregnancy and most often occur in developing countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, efforts made to overcome the problem of anemia in pregnant women are the administration of iron (Fe) tablets. This study aims to explain and analyse the relationship of adherence to Fe tablet consumption with anemia in pregnant women. This study uses a meta-analysis study. Researchers carried out research data collection by browsing online journals, using the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. In the meta-analysis process using the RevMan (Review Manager) 5.3 application, the results obtained Effect size (In Odds Ratio) of 2.44 (95% CI 1.30-4.60), which means that pregnant women who do not adhere to consuming Fe tablets have a risk 2.44 times affected by anemia compared to obedient pregnant women. There is a significant relationship between consuming Fe tablets and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.

Keywords: adherence, Fe tablets, anemia.
Attachment Styles, Personality, and Frustration Intolerance
Authors: Schetsche Christian , Mustaca Alba E.
Published: October 2021

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationships between attachment styles, personality traits, and their effects on frustration intolerance (FI) in a sample of 300 adults. The Argentine Attachment Styles Scale, the Eysenck Revised Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-RA), and the Frustration Intolerance Scale (EIF) was used. In the two Full Latent Variable Models developed, it was determined that neuroticism and avoidant attachment had the greatest mediating effects on FI. Avoidant attachment stood out for its mediating effect on anxious attachment. These two factors were found to explain a considerable percentage of neuroticism and, as a consequence, the four dimensions of FI. It is concluded that it is necessary to reinterpret certain concepts of neuroticism and study them from a perspective that starts from attachment theory.
Migraciones y percepción de seguridad alimentaria: el caso de la cultura alimentaria de las mujeres matsigenka de la comunidad nativa Nuevo Mundo (Megantoni, Cusco)
Authors: Sebastián Leonidas Ruth
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación busca comprender los procesos migratorios ocurridos en los últimos veinte años y explorar la percepción de seguridad alimentaria para explicar su influencia en la cultura alimentaria de las mujeres matsigenka de la comunidad nativa Nuevo Mundo (Megantoni, Cusco). De esta manera, uno de los objetivos específicos de esta investigación es describir las historias migratorias de las familias matsigenka para poder explicar su influencia en los cambios de sus hábitos y dietas alimenticios, así como explorar y conocer la influencia de la percepción de seguridad alimentaria en la práctica en los hábitos alimentarios de las mujeres de la comunidad, para finalmente explicar la construcción de la identidad y las relaciones de género a partir de la alimentación en la comunidad.
Narrativa de los seres espirituales: cosmovisión y cultura asháninka
Authors: Umaña Chiricente Beatriz
Published: October 2021

El artículo presenta la narrativa de los seres espirituales: cosmovisión y cultura asháninka, se centrará en la cosmovisión desde la cultura asháninka, clasificación de seres espirituales, la enseñanza que da la narrativa en la cultura asháninka. Recopilar información sobre la cosmovisión del mundo, cómo están clasificados los seres espirituales que viven en la tierra y cómo la narrativa de los seres espirituales hacen aporte a la educación desde la cultura. En la cultura asháninka el mundo está divido por etapas, cada ser cumple la función de cuidar y proteger a la humanidad y a la naturaleza. Estos seres son clasificados por ser dueños en maninakari, ser bueno protector y que vive en el cerro, y anakotiriri maninkari, los que pretenden ser mejor. Se ha investigado en kiatsi, mironi, shashinti, kasonkati, kamari y ampatsi. Estos son algunos de los seres espirituales en la cultura asháninka. Estos conocimientos son recopilados en la comunidad de Cushiviani con el aporte de los sabios del distrito de Río Negro, provincia de Satipo, departamento de Junín.
“God's own firedrake”: McCarthy's Allusion to Joyce'sUlyssesinThe Road
Authors: Russell Richard Rankin
Published: October 2021

Cormac McCarthy's novel The Road contains at least one heretofore unrecognized likely allusion to Joyce's Ulysses: the father's description of his son as a “firedrake,” which recalls Stephen Dedalus's appellation for a bright celestial body that he (misleadingly) claims appeared in the sky at Shakespeare's birth in the ninth episode of the novel, “Scylla and Charybdis,” an event that his “adopted” father Leopold Bloom attempts to describe in pseudoscientific language in the seventeenth episode of the novel, “Ithaca.” McCarthy has the boy's father use this archaic word, which traditionally has meant “dragon,” to describe his son because he recognizes that his son is a spiritual shooting star and a potential future author who can narrate events morally as did Shakespeare and Joyce and even Stephen himself. Through apprehending his allusion to Joyce's novel, we gain a sense of both the boy's light-filled immanence in a line of sons going back to the original Son, Christ, and his emerging facility with narrative as author-in-the-making.
Impacts on the immune system of Cyprinus carpio exposure with a mixed algal extract against Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Govindharajan Sattanathan , Vairakannu Tamizhazhagan
Published: October 2021

This study evaluates the influence of mixed algal extract (Chlorella vulgaris, Euglena viridis and Spirulina platensis) on common carp Cyprinus Carpio, which infected infect with bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. C. carpio was administered intraperitoneally with various doses such as methanol extract (0, 0,1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg). The immunological parameters of fish blood and serum samples (Neutrophil activity, Lysozyme activity, Serum myeloperoxidase intensity, Serum bactericidal activity, and Serum antiprotease activity) were investigated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of post-immunization. Fish had been tested by virulent A. hydrophila for 30 days after treatment and 14 days after infection were identified with mortalities. The findings showed that neutrophil levels, lysozyme activity, serum bactericidal activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and serum antiprotease activity significantly enhanced (p<0.05) compared to untreated control. Mixed dietary algae at 1 and 10 mg/kg levels demonstrated slightly (p<0.05) higher relative percentage survival (90 percent) than control against A. hydrophila disease infection. Results indicated that mixed algal extract in C. carpio positively impacts non-specific immune parameters and boosts disease tolerance to A. hydrophila infections.
Safety of healthcare workers undertaking transport and retrieval of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Qatar
Authors: Shehatta Ahmed Labib , Racela Brian , Howard Ian , Alinier Guillaume , Jaouni Hani , Hassan Ibrahim
Published: October 2021

Background: Transport and retrieval of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support can be hazardous to patients and healthcare workers (HCWs). COVID-19 is highly contagious and can be transmitted by contact, droplet, or airborne route. Transport of COVID-19 patients exposes HCWs and the public to infection risks, hence strict measures must be in place to ensure everyone's safety. ECMO cannulation and transportation is considered an aerosol generating procedure and can pose significant risks to HCWs. In addition, close contact with the patient in the confined space of the ambulance may put HCWs at increased risk of exposure and infection. Methods: Between March 1st and September 30th 2020, a total of 32 episodes of COVID-19 ECMO transport were undertaken by the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) and Ambulance Service. We reviewed the incidence of COVID-19 infection among HCWs involved in these missions. The transport clinical team is composed of ECMO consultant, two ECMO nurses, a perfusionist and a Critical Care Paramedic (CCP). Due to staff shortage and clinical needs, a respiratory therapist did not attend to the majority of cases. A crew of two paramedics supports the clinical team with their intensive care ambulance. Results: The number of clinical staff involved in the COVID-19 ECMO transport during that period is shown in . The duration of clinical staff’s exposure to the infected patient in the back of the ambulance is demonstrated in . MICU staff underwent COVID-19 serology tests every 2 weeks as per local policy. None of the clinical staff involved in these transfers and retrievals of COVID-19 positive patients tested positive after 2 weeks of transport. Conclusion: Strict infection prevention and personal protective measures are mandatory to avoid cross-infection and were carefully adhered to during all the missions. They translated into the well-being of the clinical staff involved in the transfer and retrievals of COVID-19 positive patients.
Communicating the risk of COVID-19 during sporting events in Qatar: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Nour Mohamed , Elseid Zohair , Hummaida Abdulrazig , Osman Walid , Al-Hajri Mohammed , Al-Romaihi Hamad , Al-Musleh Abdulwahab , Farag Elmoubasher
Published: October 2021

Background: After a long, unprecedented pause, sporting events were cautiously resumed in Qatar in September 2020. With the persisting COVID-19 uncertainties, characterizing the COVID-19 risks related to sports activities remains to be examined, making it difficult to give clear messages . This report describes some of the key challenges and opportunities for communicating COVID-19 risks associated with sporting events. Methods: The outbreak investigation report for COVID-19 cases related to the Asian Federation Cup (AFC) Champions League-West hosted in Qatar Sep 14th to Oct 3rd, 2020 was interpreted and taken as a case study. Results: The outbreak investigation reports, which involved approximately 74 COVID-19 cases is shown in and constituted the main subject to communicate the risks of the infection. The investigation teams were engaged in person-to-person communication, reviewing the history of the possible risk exposure and explaining the recommended measures. Clubs’ physicians and delegations besides the local organizing committee seem to have played a pivotal role as a credible source of information to the players and media about the possible case scenarios and the control measures. The yet unclear mode of transmission may have contributed to the poor risk perception and the compliance with the unfamiliar preventive recommendations. Conclusion: The profound evolution of the pandemic has already offered a unique opportunity to overcome the ‘lack of attention’ in the communication of communicable diseases. Using the epidemiological findings to communicate COVID-19 risks during sporting events seemed to be beneficial to explain the virus characteristics, emphasizing the role of the epidemiological approaches to improve the risk perception and the compliance with the public health advice.
A strategic guide for the development of a corporate sepsis program
Authors: Labib Shehatta Ahmed , Al Naimi Nasser , Hassan Reham , Zafar Neelam
Published: October 2021

Background: Sepsis is a major health burden. Guidelines call for healthcare providers to establish sepsis care improvement programs to enhance patient care and outcome. A comprehensive sepsis program has been developed at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) and implemented across its 13 facilities before embarking on a bigger journey. Methods: Senior leadership engagement and collaboration with pertinent departments are key to any initiative's success. A subject matter expert was appointed as Clinical Lead and Chair of the Program and held accountable to sponsors. Stakeholders were identified and invited to participate in the corporate steering group ().

Given that facilities may have differing challenges, patient population, or resources, a facility-level sepsis committee was established adopting a similar structure to the corporate committee. Each facility committee reviewed, implemented, and reported to the respective local quality and safety committee. Training, reporting and monitoring were undertaken at the local followed by the corporate level (). Standardized sepsis pathways and guidelines were developed and implemented. Monitoring is crucial to ensure a program remains on track. This was attained using a corporate dashboard in which all cases of sepsis, irrespective of facility, time or age were reported and reviewed. Regular reports were sent to the Corporate Quality Improvement and Safety Committee. This, subsequently, is discussed at the Executive Management Committee. Findings: The implementation of a Corporate Sepsis Program was successful and extended to include other organisations (Sidra Medicine, Primary Health Care Corporation and the Qatar Red Crescent). An education subcommittee designed and delivered a nursing training program and e-learning as a collaboration between the Hamad International Training Centre (HITC), clinical and nursing informatics, and medical and nursing education. This resulted in timely and appropriate management (). Conclusion: HMC Sepsis Program improved sepsis outcome in Qatar. A systematic approach, application of evidence-based practice, staff empowerment, senior leadership engagement, a clear structure of governance, quality assurance and reporting are critical elements of its success.
Life span of Covid-19 antibodies following infection in a sample worker population in Qatar
Authors: Al-Naemi Mohamad Hamad BA , Hassanen Walid Sayed , Mohamed El Nahrawi Sherif Fawzi , Rashad Rama Abdulsalam
Published: October 2021

Background: COVID-19 antibodies’ longevity following infection is still unclear. Early data brought hope that acquired immunity was possible but subsequent studies suggested that immune protection might be short-lived. The results of recent studies provide greater insight into the human immune response to COVID-19. The Qatar Gas medical department’s strategy in preventing spread of infection among offshore and onshore workers consisted of maximizing the opportunities for COVID-19 polymerise chain reaction (PCR) and antibody testing. A large amount of data revealing the possible lifespan of COVID-19 antibodies in the study population was collected. Methods: Out of hundreds of employees who volunteered in this study about seroprevalance of COVID-19 antibodies, 52 whose results were reactive were tested for COVID-19 PCR before being selected. Employees with reactive or inconclusive PCR test results were excluded. Age, medical/surgical/social history, apart from past COVID-19 infection, were not selection criteria. We measured the period of time between the date of diagnosis and the antibody test result, segregating those still reactive from those who tested non-reactive at any point in time. The reactive group were retested for antibodies every 90 days as long as results continued to be reactive. Any cured employee was retested if they developed symptoms or was exposed to a confirmed positive case, to rule out the possibility of re-infection during this timeframe. Results: Only one employee was non-reactive after 110 days of COVID-19 PCR positive test result. 22 employees tested reactive although their PCR result had been negative. 30 employees tested reactive after a positive PCR with an average duration of 145 days, the shortest and longest being 24 and 223 respectively (). Conclusion: We determined that antibodies’ longevity may extend to more than 6 months following COVID-19 infection and that there may be an early decay of antibodies in a limited proportion of the population, however further studies are recommended on larger populations. We noticed no cases of COVID-19 reinfection.
Clinical and radiological findings in patients with COVID-19 disease: Case series
Authors: Frias Alexander Sosa
Published: October 2021

Background: Lung tomography is used to evaluate the lung parenchyma in diffuse interstitial lung disease. This type of injury can be caused by COVID-19 which emerged in Wuhan China, in December 2019. Typical Computed Tomography (CT) findings in individuals with COVID-19 are ground glass opacities, particularly in the peripheral and lower lobes, and bilateral multiple lobular and subsegmental areas of consolidation. The authors validated the use of baseline chest x-ray severity scores as an independent prognostic indicator of outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Objective: To describe tomographic, radiological, clinical, and laboratory findings associated with worse evolution in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This is a descriptive observational study based on 15 patients infected with COVID-19 in the Cuban Hospital, in Qatar, between March and June 2020, and for whom a CT scan of the chest was performed. The facility was mainly dedicated to treat COVID-19 patients. Poor outcome was defined as patient needing intubation, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, or death. Variables such as age, gender, nationality, body mass index (BMI), smoking habit, presence of comorbidities, laboratory tests (leukogram (WBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), c-reactive protein (CRP), and glycemia), and the severity of radiological and tomographic findings were collected. The quantitative variables were dichotomized according to their values. Results: The outcome of our patients based on the variables collected is shown in . Diabetes mellitus and obesity were common comorbidities associated with poor patient outcome. The evolutive abnormal leukogram, glycemia, C-reactive protein were more abundant in patients with poor outcome. Regarding radiographic variables, 5 affected quadrants was the most observed radiological finding (). In the chest tomography the most described was mild severity followed by severe score (). Conclusions: This sample is too small to make sound conclusions regarding our observations so a larger sample size study is required to confirm these results.
Describing pre-professional identity in higher education: A case study of exercise science students
Authors: Clanchy Kelly , Minahan Clare , Cardell Elizabeth , Bialocerkowski Andrea
Published: October 2021

Pre-professional identity (PPI) is an understanding of the skills, qualities, conduct, culture and ideology of a students’ intended profession. Understanding PPI is valuable for students and higher-education providers to provide insight into motivation for- and to promote engagement in- learning. Describing PPI is challenging, particularly for evolving health professions. This paper describes a process undertaken to understand PPI, using exercise science (ES), a new and evolving health profession, as a case study. Mixed methods were used to describe three aspects of PPI: 1) student cohort characteristics; 2) personal factors influencing PPI; and 3) perceived career direction. Final year ES students participated in an online survey and a focus group (n=305; 59% male; 75% age range of 20-24 years). Factors contributing to the development of PPI included the desire to help others; interest and experience in sports/exercise. Students had the strongest understanding of the PI domains of affiliation, money and structure and limited understanding of the role of scientist and researcher. Two outcomes were derived from the study findings to advance the theoretical understanding of PPI: 1) a 3-item framework that describes factors specific to students’ PPI; and 2) a worked case study demonstrating how this framework was applied to gain a nuanced understanding of PPI in ES. Our framework can be applied to increase student and higher education providers understanding of PPI and the motivations underpinning student decision-making in higher education.
Introducing design thinking online to large business education courses for twenty-first century learning
Authors: Vallis Carmen , Redmond Petrea
Published: October 2021

Design thinking can be broadly defined as a set of creative skills to understand and problem-solve ambiguous and complex problems, and a practice that places humans at the heart of the design process. Such collaborative ways of design thinking and design-doing are much needed to address twenty-first century challenges such as climate change. Design thinking methodology is well known for teaching and learning in design disciplines, and to a lesser extent, as an innovative problem-solving framework for business education. Typically design thinking has been taught and practised in physical settings and to a lesser extent online. While design thinking is also increasingly practised online, this is challenging at scale in higher education contexts. This case study analyses design thinking activities with educational technologies in a large undergraduate cohort of first-year business students. Eleven students and three teachers were interviewed to ascertain their level of engagement with design thinking with digital tools and to identify common themes that enabled or inhibited such practice. Student artefacts of design thinking are explored and compared to the interview data. Findings indicate that students may develop novice design thinking skills, process knowledge and mindsets in online and remote delivery modes, despite limited experience, technical and time constraints. Broader learning design implications of design thinking constraints in digital practice are discussed to assist educators. It is suggested that higher education adopt and support design thinking, as a subject and practice, more widely.
Morphohistological studies of the gonads of hybrid polyploid loach cobitis from the Lower Dniester
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Fulga Nina , Ungureanu Laurentia ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Bulat Dumitru ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Bulat Denis ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Toderas Ion ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Marta Anatol ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

In the lower Dniester, polyploid females of the hybrid complex Cobitis taenia are a portion spawning species with asynchronous development of germ cells during the entire breeding period. The spawning season in this water basin begins in the second decade of May and ends in July. In the population, in parallel with females, hermaphrodite individuals are also present, in which the ovary zone is functional, and the testis zone is sterile. A decrease in the relative mass of the gonads of subsequent generations was noted, which leads to a consistent decrease in the value of the gonadosomatic index, in females, before the second and third spawning.
Terrestrial vertebrate fauna of the landscape reserve „La castel” from the northern part of the Republic of Moldova
Authors:   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Nistreanu Victoria , Turcan Vladimir ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Larion Alina ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Caldari Vladislav ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Dibolscaia Natalia ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, Ursul Silvia ,   Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova
Published: October 2021

The studies were performed in the period 2015-2021 in various ecosystems of the Landscape Reserve „La Castel” from the northern part of the Republic of Moldova. The amphibian are represented by 11 species of the orders Urodela and Anura. Among reptiles 8 species from two orders have been identified: Testudines with one species and Squamata with 7 species. 11 species of herpethofauna are listed in the Red Book of Moldova. The ornithofauna was represented by over 120 species and is dominated by the silvicolous species. Four bird species are listed in the Red Book of Moldova. The mammal fauna includes 45 species, of which 13 are listed in the Red Book of Moldova. A large maternity colony of Myotis blythii was monitored during the last years. The Reserve „La Castel” represent an important scientific site and the studies will continue.
El análisis cultural aplicado a la ciencia política
Authors: López de la Roche Fabio
Published: October 2021

El autor hace una introducción teórica al concepto de cultura política para indagar sobre las posibilidades de investigación que plantea en nuestro medio. Se parte de los factores históricos que han hecho crecer el interés de los científicos políticos en el análisis cultural tanto en los países desarrollados como en los del Tercer Mundo, para señalar luego los posibles caminos de este análisis apoyándose en algunas ideas del análisis de Bertrand Badie, enriqueciéndolo, además, con la tradición intuitiva de los ensayistas latinoamericanos y el refuerzo de los aportes de las modernas ciencias sociales de América Latina.Palabras Clave: Bertrand Badie, Analisis cultural, Ciencia Politica, Paises desarrollados, Tercer mundo
Editorial
Authors: Gonzales G. Fernán E.
Published: October 2021

El presente número de Controversia significa un segundo comienzo de una larga historia, que coincide en buena parte con la historia del propio CINEP y refleja de alguna manera la evolución de las miradas con que los miembros del Centro nos hemos aproximado a la realidad nacional.

Controversia nació a partir de los boletines que el CIAS (Centro de Investigación y Acción Social que tomaría más tarde el nombre de CINEP) empezó a elaborar mensualmente, desde comienzos de 1972, bajo el nombre de ANALICIAS. Del multilith pasamos a la imprenta; en 1973, ya los folletos aparecieron como Controversia y empezaron a editarse con cierto carácter monográfico, que se conservó hasta el numero anterior, 166, dedicado al tema de la cultura popular que apareció en 1991.
Para repensar las relaciones Estado, Sociedad civil y Régimen político. Una nueva mirada conceptual
Authors: Bejarano Ana María
Published: October 2021

El presente ensayo constituye, ante todo, una investigación al debate. Debate que, por estar planteado en el terreno puramente conceptual, no deja de tener profundas resonancias en nuestra realidad más inmediata. En Colombia se viene argumentando, desde hace algún tiempo, que buena parte de la crisis nacional responde a la precariedad del Estado, así como a la debilidad y fragmentación de la sociedad civil. Según muchos, estos dos fenómenos se encuentran en la raíz de la persistencia de las diversas modalidades de violencia y en la dificultad para articular alternativas pacíficas de solución a los conflictos. 

También se atribuye a la escasa consolidación del Estado y a la fragilidad de la sociedad civil, el lento y difícil desarrollo de la democracia en nuestro país, pese a los avances normativos logrados en la Asamblea Constituyente. Tales argumentos deben ser sometido a un serio cuestionamiento ¿es el Estado colombiano realmente precario y en qué sentido?; ¿podemos referirnos a una sociedad civil débil y fragmentada para caracterizar a la sociedad colombiana?; si las dos respuestas son afirmativas, entonces, ¿cuáles son las causad de la precariedad del Estado y la debilidad de la sociedad civil en nuestro caso particular?
Educación y Estado en la historia de Colombia
Authors: González Fernán
Published: October 2021

El presente estudio busca mostrar el contexto social y político de la educación a través del desarrollo de nuestra historia, poniendo en relación las políticas y concepciones educativas con el desarrollo de las ideas políticas, con los momentos cumbres de nuestra historia social y económica, con el desarrollo de la lucha entre los partidos políticos y, de manera especial, con los enfrentamientos entre la Iglesia y el Estado.Se aclara así el sentido del desarrollo de la educación privada en relación con la lucha por el poder y el sentido de la intervención estatal en el campo educativo, desde la Colonia hasta nuestros días. Tradicionalmente, la educación privada fue el refugio de los disidentes políticos, marginados de la política educativa del Estado. Hoy en día, el avance de la educación privada en el campo universitario parece ser de signo distinto: es una reacción frente a la politización universitaria, que amenazaba poner a la educación fuera del control del Estado.Palabras Clave: Educación, Educación privada, Desarrollo educativo, Universidad, Historia, Idea politicas, Iglesia, Estado
Auto inflammatory Diseases: The Repercussion of unconstrained Inflammasome activation
Authors: M. Creagh Emma , Kenealy Sinead
Published: October 2021

Inflammasome area unit sensors at intervals the innate system that area unit chargeable for the regulation of caspase-1 activation and also the initiation of inflammatory responses following cellular infection or harm. a big variety of chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases have recently been known to own inflammasome-mediated inflammation as a key driver of their pathogenesis; this space of analysis is beneath intense investigation at the moment. This review focusses on auto inflammatory diseases (AD), a apace increasing cluster of debilitating diseases that area unit related to severe general inflammation. AD ordinarily arise as a results of mutations to genes that code inflammasome elements. inheritable AD area unit comparatively rare as a result of they need totally penetrating mutations; but, they usually gift at birth and last a life. Clinical awareness of AD is lacking and it’s believed that, at present, several cases go unknown. This review specifically discusses variety of inflammasome-associated AD and metabolic disorders that give vital insight into our understanding of inflammasome signal pathways. These AD highlight the efficiency of inflammasomes in their ability to initiate and sustain general inflammation. The debilitating symptoms of AD additionally reveal the intensive consequences of uncontrolled inflammasome activity. Clinical therapies that concentrate on the inflammasome and interleukin-1β, a product of its activation, within the winning management of AD and bound metabolic diseases will be mentioned.
Biosorpsi Logam Berat Kromium Heksavalen (Cr6+) Dalam Limbah Pendidikan Dengan Menggunakan Biomassa Saccharomyses cerevisiae
Authors: Aeni Suci Rizky Nurul
Published: October 2021

Latar belakang: Limbah industri merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam pencemaran lingkungan karena kehadiran logam berat didalamnya. Salah satu logam berat yang bersifat toksik ialah logam kromium (Cr). Logam berat Cr6+ merupakan bentuk logam yang paling toksik. Toksik yang dibawa logam ini dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya keracunan kronis, akut, dan dapat menyebabkan kanker. Biosorpsi merupakan metode alternatif menggunakan bahan biologis untuk menyerap logam berat. Salah satu biomaterial yang dapat digunakan adalah jamur Saccharomyses cerevisiae. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengadsorpsi logam berat Cr6+ dalam limbah industri tekstil oleh biomassa S.cerevisiae dengan variasi konsentrasi biomassa dan variasi kecepatan pengadukan. Metode Penelitian: Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif. Konsentrasi biomassa S. cerevisiae yang diujikan pada penelitian ini adalah 0,4g, 0,8g dan 1,2g. Kecepatan pengadukan yang diujikan yaitu low, medium dan high. Sampel yang digunakan adalah air limbah tekstil pendidikan dari jurusan kimia tekstil di Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Tekstil Bandung (STTT Bandung) yang mengandung logam berat Cr6+. Kadar logam Cr6+ dihitung berdasarkan kurva standar yang diukur dengan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis panjang gelombang 525 nm. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tersebut memberikan kesimpulan bahwa S. cerevisiae dapat menurunkan kadar logam Cr6+ dalam air limbah tekstil dengan kecepatan pengadukan optimum yaitu high dan kosentrasi biomassa optimum yaitu 1,2 gr, dimana kadar awal logam sebelum biosorpsi yaitu 4,88 mg/L menjadi 1,91 mg/L setelah biosorpsi. Simpulan: Biomassa S. cerevisiae dapat menurunkan kadar logam Cr6+ dalam air limbah tekstil dengan kecepatan pengadukan optimum yaitu high dan kosentrasi biomassa optimum yaitu 1,2 gr
Facilitated Tucking Terhadap Respon Nyeri Neonatus Ketika Pengambilan Darah Di Ruang Perinatologi Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Cibabat Cimahi
Authors: Rustandi Budi
Published: October 2021

Latar belakang. Kekeliruan yang terjadi bahwa bayi tidak merasakan nyeri adalah salah, karenabayi menunjukkan perilaku, terutama wajah, dan fisiologis termasuk hormonal, sebagai indikatornyeri. Facilitated tucking merupakan salah satu intervensi yang dapat dilakukan oleh perawatuntuk menurunkan respon nyeri pada bayi. Tujuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuipengaruh facilitated tucking terhadap respon nyeri neonatus ketika pengambilan darah. Metode.Menggunakan rancangan quasy experiment dengan pendekatan post test-only non equivalentcontrol group. Teknik sampling menggunakan consecutive sampling, jumlah responden 30 yangterdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi 15 responden dan kelompok kontrol 15responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan April tahun 2016. Uji statistik menggunakankolmogorov smirnov. Hasil. Terdapat perbedaan skor nyeri post-test yang bermakna padakelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol, dengan nilai p-value <0,001.Simpulan. Terdapatpengaruh facilitated tucking terhadap respon nyeri neonatus ketika pengambilan darah di ruangPerinatologi Rumah sakit umum daerah Cibabat Cimahi.
Economic Viability of Cassava Residues in the Nile Tilapia Diet
Authors: Nascimento Jaomara , Ponciano Niraldo José , Alfaiate Marcela Brite , Junior Manuel Vazquez Vidal , Matos Marize Bastos de , Junior Geraldo Pereira , Bila Carla Roberta Ferraz Carvalho , Andrade Dalcio Ricardo de , Gravina Geraldo de Amaral , Daher Roger Figueiredo
Published: October 2021

Fish feed represents between 50% and 70% of intensive aquaculture production costs. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the economic viability of the production of Nile tilapia under a diet with cassava residues in it. To evaluate the economic efficiency in relation to the inclusion of residues in the tilapia feed, the approximate cost of feed per kilogram of live weight (CMR) gained during the experimental period was determined, and later the cash flow of the production was raised for analysis of indicators: NPV (Net Present Value), CBI (Cost Benefit Rate), and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) submitted to different discount rates from existing financing sources in the region. It was found that tilapia under the diet with the inclusion of tapioca sweep in the diet, showed greater economic efficiency, and consequently higher NPV (R $ 4,583.33), IRR (15%) and CBR (1.17). In this sense, the viability analysis showed that cassava residues in diets of tilapia diets, indicate to be a viable strategy to better develop aquaculture production, in a more sustainable way, enhancing the technical and economic viability and minimizing the environmental impacts.
Morphological Characterization of Corynespora cassiicola Isolates in Culture Media
Authors: Puia Jacqueline Dalbelo , Hoshino Adriano Thibes , Klein Estela Mariani , Almeida Emily Danila De , Vigo Sandra Cristina , Canteri Marcelo Giovanetti
Published: October 2021

Corynespora cassiicola threatens soybean and cotton production in Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate cultural and morphological aspects of C. cassiicola isolated from soybean and cotton of different Brazilian regions, in culture media. The isolates were grown in PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) and V8 juice agar media. The characteristics evaluated were: color, aspect, and growth rate of mycelia, as well as production and dimension of conidia, and number of septa per conidium. Culture media and isolates were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis or Tukey’s test at 5% significance level. The mycelia of the isolates were predominantly dark gray and light brown. C. cassiicola isolates grew better in V8 juice agar medium, presenting a higher mycelial growth rate. In PDA medium, the production of conidia was higher in isolates from cotton, compared with soybean isolates. There was great variation in the production of conidia in V8 juice agar medium, regardless of the host origin. Conidia length and width varied for isolate and culture medium. The isolates of C. cassiicola coming from cotton presented a higher number of septa per conidium when grown in PDA medium. The morphological aspects of C. cassiicola vary depending on the host of origin and the culture medium.
Een probleem rondom het nemo tenetur-beginsel?
Authors: Nan J.S. (Joost)
Published: October 2021

Een probleem rondom het nemo tenetur-beginsel?

Het recht van een verdachte om niet mee te hoeven werken aan zijn eigen veroordeling (het nemo tenetur-beginsel), is samen met het zwijgrecht een hoeksteen in ons strafprocesrecht. Voor het positieve recht is het echter nog steeds geen uitgemaakte zaak wat de inhoud van het beginsel precies is. Toch kan men daarover duidelijk een divergentie waarnemen tussen de opvatting van de Nederlandse (hoogste) rechters en het EHRM.
Effect of Topical Grape Sap on Apoptosis in Hair Follicle Among Male Rats
Authors: Esmaeilzadeh Zahra , Shabanizadeh Ahmad , Taghipour Zahra , Vazirinejad Reza , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza , Taghavi Mohammad Mohsen
Published: October 2021

Background: Hair loss is an emotional and stressful condition with an unpredictable profound impact on the social interactions of patients. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of grape sap on apoptosis in hair follicles. Methods: This experimental study was performed on 126 male Wistar rats within a weight range of 30 ± 250 g. The rats were assigned into seven groups, namely bleomycin group, normal saline group, grape sap group (1 mg/kg), grape sap group (10 mg/kg), grape sap group (100 mg/kg), minoxidil group, and minoxidil plus grape sap group (100 mg/kg). The rats received bleomycin (1.7 mL/kg, four times with the interval of 5 days) and then were treated with grape sap for 21 days. The skin samples were taken from rats on days 7, 14, and 21 (i.e., the last day of the treatment). Results: The results showed a significant increase in the groups treated with grape sap, compared to the bleomycin-treated group in terms of the number of follicles, sebaceous glands, and blood vessels at the base of every follicle, hair growth length, total antioxidant capacity, and BCL2 gene expression. The use of grape sap showed beneficial effects on the reduction of hair fall. Conclusions: According to the results, it seems that grape sap can be employed as a non-chemical drug due to its rich compounds, especially antioxidants, and decreases apoptosis in hair follicle cells through increasing the expression ratio of BCL2/BAX, thereby stimulating hair growth.