bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia di Nagari Sumaniak
Authors: Arief Muhammad , Pertiwi Dian , Mulyana Roza
Published: March 2024

Latar Belakang: Salah satu jenis penyakit tidak menular yang risikonya meningkat seiring pertambahan usia, yaitu hipertensi. Hipertensi dapat terjadi akibat proses yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang salah satunya adalah indeks massa tubuh.Objektif: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di Nagari Sumaniak, Kabupaten Tanah Datar.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder lansia di Nagari Sumaniak, Kabupaten Tanah Datar pada bulan Oktober 2021 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 41 responden. Uji analisis yang digunakan adalah Spearman Rank Correlation.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan indeks massa tubuh dan tekanan darah (p = 0,708) dengan rerata indeks massa tubuh 24,4426±4,362 kg/m2, tekanan darah sistolik 146,83±23,406 mmHg, dan tekanan darah diastolik 90,32±12,168 mmHg.Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah pada lansia di Nagari Sumaniak, Kabupaten Tanah Datar.
Kata Kunci: indeks massa tubuh, tekanan darah, lansia
Gambaran Fungsi Kognitif pada Pasien Pasca Stroke di Poliklinik RS Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi Tahun 2022
Authors: Zaffarsyah Muhammad Irsyad , Permana Hendra , Yanis Amel , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Mulyana Roza
Published: March 2024

Latar belakang: troke merupakan penyakit neurologis yang menyerang otak secara langsung. Stroke menjadi penyebab kematian dan kecacatan nomor dua di dunia. Kecacatan dapat terjadi tidak hanya pada fungsi motorik dan sensorik, tetapi juga dapat terjadi gangguan pada fungsi kognitif yang terjadi akibat adanya perkembangan Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran fungsi kognitif pada pasien pasca stroke di poliklinik neurologi RS Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi berdasarkan karakteristik, fungsi kognitif, dan distribusi frekuensi gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien pasca stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik.
Objektif: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di RS Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi pada tahun 2022. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan total berjumlah 65 subjek. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pasien pasca stroke di Poliklinik Neurologi RS Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta, Bukittinggi. Sampel diambil dengan data primer menggunakan MMSE dan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukan dari 65 sampel didapatkan 53 pasien iskemik dan 12 pasien hemoragik dengan fungsi kognitif normal pasien iskemik 37,7% dan iskemik 33,3%, gangguan kognitif ringan pasien iskemik 37,7% dan pasien hemoragik 33,3%, dan gangguan kognitif berat pasien iskemik 24,5% dan hemoragik 33,3%.
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini mendapati hasil kejadian stroke iskemik lebih banyak daripada stroke hemoragik. Hasil karakteristik pasien pasca stroke ditemukan variatif karena perbedaan tingkat keparahan dan faktor risiko. Ditemukan frekuensi tingkat gangguan fungsi kognitif terbanyak pada pasien tanpa gangguan kognitif dan ringan.
Kata kunci: fungsi kognitif, stroke, iskemik, hemoragik, MMSE
El criterio de transparencia y las empresas de triple impacto de la Amazorinoquía colombiana 2020
Authors: Rodríguez Ochoa Emanuel Alejandro , Bustos De La Cruz Ingrid Lorena , Quiñonez-Mosquera Alejandro
Published: March 2024

La promulgación de la ley 1901 de 2018 de Colombia que reconoce las sociedades BIC generó retos para las entidades relacionadas con su fomento e implementación. El modelo se soporta en los criterios de transparencia empresarial. Esta investigación aborda la probabilidad de que las empresas matriculadas en la Cámara de Comercio de Villavicencio implementen el modelo, en sus cinco dimensiones, y pretende identificar aquellas que lo faciliten. Usando una metodología cuantitativa, reducción factorial, análisis de clúster y regresiones lineales se evidencia la alta probabilidad de adopción y la orientación de triple impacto de las empresas de la Amazorinoquía. Esta orientación se evidencia en la dimensión Modelo de Negocio y en la relación con los proveedores, generando retos en transparencia.
REALIZAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS CIRÚRGICAS EM CADÁVER DE CÃO E POR MEIO DE MODELAGEM COMPUTADORIZADA 3D PARA ILUSTRAR A ESTABILIZAÇÃO DA COLUNA LOMBO-SACRA EM CASO DE FRATURA/LUXAÇÃO
Authors: Cabreira Adan Peres , Yaekashi Karina Ayaka , Vicky Bahr Arias Mônica
Published: March 2024

As fraturas/luxações da vértebra L7 são frequentes na coluna vertebral de cães e os sinais clínicos neurológicos decorrem do comprometimento das raízes nervosas da cauda equina, e perda de relação de sustentação da pelve e sacro com o restante da coluna lombar, o que pode ser suficiente para impedir a deambulação do animal. O tratamento conservativo pode ser realizado em cães com sinais neurológicos leves e com pouco deslocamento dos corpos vertebrais, no entanto, o tratamento cirúrgico pode prevenir lesões adicionais à cauda equina, aliviar a compressão medular e promover estabilidade. Existem várias técnicas cirúrgicas para estabilização das fraturas lombossacras, mas foram descritas há muitos anos, as ilustrações estão disponíveis apenas em imagens em preto e branco ou de baixa qualidade, dificultando o entendimento dos procedimentos. Dessa maneira, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma breve revisão sobre as técnicas, adicionando imagens autorais que permitam melhor entendimento da mesma, além de material ilustrativo para referências em trabalhos futuros. As imagens foram confeccionadas por meio de instrumentação em cadáveres e modelamento computacional 3D.
Specificity of politication and radicalization of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the Middle East
Authors: Baravi Melina Vladimirovna , Petrunin Aleksandr Sergeevich , Rogozhina Evgeniya Mikhailovna , Ryzhov Igor' Valer'evich
Published: March 2024

The authors reveal the interdependence of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the Middle East and the internal policies pursued by the Ottoman state, and later by Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, aimed at state centralization and modernization of these states, which violates the traditional foundations of Kurdish society and threatens the tribal autonomy of these people. The authors also identify the role of leading world powers in the radicalization of the Kurdish issue and the strengthening of the Kurdish national liberation movement in the region. The research methodology is based on a civilizational approach. The article examines the history, specifics and features of the development of the internal policy of the Ottoman Empire, later of Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran, the consequences of its implementation and the reasons that led to the formation of the Kurdish national-territorial issue and the increased radicalization of Kurdish society in the period from the 19th to the end of the 20th centuries. The scientific novelty of the article consists of: 1. The analysis of domestic policies carried out on the territory of the Ottoman Empire, and subsequently in Turkey, Iraq, Syria and Iran during the period of the late XIX – XX centuries. 2) Identification of the influence of direct and indirect historical and foreign policy factors that influenced the Young Turk state’s policy of centralization and modernization, as well as the relationship of these factors with the emergence, formation and development of the Kurdish national liberation movement. 3) Study of the root causes and main stages of the politicization and radicalization of the Kurdish issue in the Middle East. 4) The findings of the study also reveal the role of leading foreign policy players represented by Russia, the USA, Great Britain, France and Germany in the Kurdish issue.
Online education during the pandemic scenario “a boon or bane” – dental academicians and students perspective – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Rani Yerra Rupa , Monica Mocherla , Rao Koppula Yadav , Akula Sheetal , Bhavyatha Vaggala , Varun Etta
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has affected educational institutions worldwide. The established face-to-face education has been converted to online education; therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate and compare the perception of dental students and academicians on online education and the challenges they face due to online education.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among dental students and academicians of eight dental colleges in the state of Telangana. A self-designed and validated 38-item questionnaire was distributed among dental students and academicians, and the collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics. A Chi-square test was applied to check the association between the perception of dental students and academicians.

Results:

Among 635 dental students, 79.7% believed that online education was the safest way during the pandemic, and 80.8% believed that online education focused on developing theoretical knowledge rather than practical skills. Among 136 dental academicians, 91.8% believed that online education negatively impacted student participation and productivity. There is a significant difference in the perceptions between dental students and academicians toward online education.

Conclusion:

Online education is a boon in many fields during the pandemic, but this mode alone will not serve the purpose of dental education.
Antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Rudresh Shoorashetty Manohar , Nikhi Verma , Shakuntala Pattacheravanda Nanaiah , Hansraj Choudhary , Karthik Bhaskaran , Tejaswini Nagarajasetty , Shivaprakash Mandya Rudramurthy
Published: March 2024

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to study the occurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) among women with vaginitis and to determine the antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) pattern of Candida spp. isolated.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted in a tertiary care setting. The two high vaginal swabs were collected and subjected to Gram’s stain, wet mount examination, and cultured on blood agar and sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol. The cultures were incubated at 37°C for 18–24 h. The Candida spp. was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and AFST was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines M27-A3.

Statistical Analysis:

The data was collected in excel sheet. The qualitative variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. The quantitative variables are presented as mean with SD and median. p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analysis will be done by using Epi InfoTM statistical software.

Results:

A total of 961 women with symptoms of vaginitis were screened. Candida spp. was isolated in 108 (11.2%) patients. The median age of affected women was 29 years, and the majority belonged to 20–30 years (60.2%). Age <40 years was the significant risk factor (P = 0.016). Vaginal discharge was the most common complaint (82.4%),followed by itching (55.6%), vulvar edema, dyspareunia, and dysuria. Candida albicans was the predominant species (46.3%),followed by Candida glabrata (36.1%), Candida krusei (6.5%), and Candida tropicalis (6.5%). Ninety-six percentages of C. albicans were sensitive to fluconazole, while only 22.4% of non-albicans Candida spp (NAC) were susceptible. C. albicans showed 8% resistance to itraconazole and 8% intermediate resistance to caspofungin, whereas C. glabrata showed resistance to fluconazole, itraconazole, and caspofungin.

Conclusions:

The study showed a higher incidence of NAC and higher antifungal resistance leading to treatment failure. It is, hence, crucial to send fungal cultures, speciate, and perform AFST for all symptomatic patients of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (VVC).
Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Education in a Joint Medical Program from the Students’ Perspective
Authors: Guzoglu Nilufer
Published: March 2024

Aim: In the 21st century, despite advanced technology, pandemics and natural disasters have forced universities to evacuate their classrooms. As a result, there has been a shift from conventional to online education. This study aimed to examine the advantages and disadvantages of online education for preclinical medical students.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and May 2021. The study population comprised preclinical medical students of the Marmara University–Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU) Joint Medical Program. The survey form used in the study was prepared using Google Forms, and a special link was sent to all students via the Microsoft Teams platform used for distance education. The survey included four sections, namely, demographic characteristics, advantages of online education, disadvantages of online education, and references of students.
Results: The survey was sent to all students (n = 155) enrolled in the preclinical program, and 112 students (72%) participated in the study. Of the participants, 63.4% were women; moreover, 38.4% were Turkish, 31.3% were Turkish Cypriot, and 30.3% were international students. The number of students in the first, second, and third years were 35, 51, and 26, respectively. The most common advantages of online education were a chance to review missed parts of the lesson (97.3%), an opportunity to plan the study time (59.8%), and increased comfort (54.5%). The majority of the students indicated that they faced numerous challenges during online education. The most common issues were the difficulty in learning practical lessons, lack of socializing, ineffective communication, technical issues during online classes, less interactive lectures that resulted in concentration loss, and difficulty in obtaining answers from lecturers. Of the surveyed students, 48.2% preferred conventional education, only 9.8% favored online education, and 42% preferred hybrid education.
Conclusions: Preclinical students at Marmara University–EMU Joint Medical Program prefer conventional education over online education. Although rewatching a lecture is a key advantage of online education, it is associated with several disadvantages for medical students. However, distance education seems to have become inevitable owing to factors such as diseases, natural disasters, and wars in the region as well as advancements in information technology. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research to overcome the limitations.
Petrography and lithology of the lower Vendian sediments of the Vishera diamondiferous area
Authors: Tomilina Е. М.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the mineral composition, structural and textural features of sediments of the Ustchurochinskaya and Churochinskaya formations in the Krasnovisherskiy diamondiferous region. Rocks were studied with the petrographic analysis. According to the results of petrographic study, the composition of rocks of the Ustchurochinskaya and Churochinskaya formations was clarified. The rocks of the Ustchurochinsky formation were represented by siltstones, sandstones and gravelly sandstones. The rocks of the Churochinskaya formation are represented by tillite with interlayers of siltstones. The roof is represented micrograined dense dolomites. A detailed study of rock fragments of different genesis gives an idea of the sources. The Vendian deposits consist of erosion products of the underlying sediments of the Upper Riphean formations, volcanic rocks, granitoids and gneisses, the source of which are the Timan uplifts with outcrops of crystalline basement rocks of the Russkaja Plate.
Geological mapping of kimberlite magmatism as an assessment of diamond-bearing objects in Western Yakutia
Authors: Shakhurdina N. К.
Published: March 2024

Тhe results of generalization and GIS integration of the results of the study of all known indigenous deposits and manifestations of diamonds located in the distributed and undistributed fund of the subsoil of the Russian Federation are presented. The work takes into account the results of prospecting, exploration and exploitation works, minutes of meetings of regional (TKZ) and federal (RKZ and GKZ) commissions on mineral reserves and published data. As a result, a GIS-integrated database was created containing 1,319 objects, for each of which key parameters were determined: coordinates, shape, size, age, average diamond content, forecast resources, and diamond reserves. It was established that the indigenous diamond deposits are concentrated in the Central Siberian subprovincia and account for 2.3 % of all known kimberlite bodies, diamond-bearing kimberlite bodies in the Yakut diamond-bearing province – 282, the predominant body shape is a pipe (59 %). There is no correlation between the size of kimberlite bodies and their diamond content, small pipes, as well as large diatremes, can be industrially diamondiferous, the prevailing absolute age of industrially diamondiferous kimberlites is 329-382 million years.
Paradoxical Dapagliflozin Effect on Proteinuria in a Female Patient with Classic Fabry Disease First Literatura Report
Authors:   Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medicine School, Instituto Universitario Italiano de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina, Jaurretche Sebastián , Daminato Facundo ,   Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation, Hospital Privado de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
Published: March 2024

A 75-year-old female patient, with “classic” Fabry disease (DEL 3&4 EXON, GLA gene) and severe multi-organic compromise (cardiac, brain, renal and peripheral nervous system) is presented. Patient presented treatment initiation criteria, and was a “classic” Fabry phenotype, for this reason, agalsidase-β was indicated. In addition, enalapril, were indicated. After the treatment start and to date, the patient presented: i) LVH stabilization; ii) brain damage stabilization; iii) stable eGFR and sustained improvement in proteinuria and; iv) pain improvement. In September 2022, due to the results of DAPA-CKD study, it was decided to start treatment with dapagliflozin to extend the renal protective effect; patient presented good tolerance to drug and no adverse effects were recorded. A slight decrease in eGFR was observed, but suspension was decided after 8 weeks due to increased proteinuria. Kidney disease is a major Fabry disease complication; it is more severe in the “classic” phenotype and males, although the “non-classic” Fabry phenotype and affected females may also present severe renal disease. Patients with Fabry disease and chronic kidney disease have a high risk of cardiovascular events, SGLT-2 inhibitor drugs have shown favorable effects on cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients, both DBT and non-DBT. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms have been described in Fabry nephropathy, none of them could explain, the reason why SGLT-2 blockade produced an increase in proteinuria in presented case.
Localized Scleroderma Causes Peripheral Neuropathies and Persistent Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein: A Case Report
Authors:   Class 4, 2019 Clinical Medicine Program, Sun Yat-Sen University (Shengzhen), China, Chen ampliYueman , Ye Chenhui ,   Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China, Lin Yanjun ,   Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China, Lv Qing ,   Department of Rheumatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China, Zhu Junfen ,   Department of pathology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China, Hou Qinghua ,   Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
Published: March 2024

We present a case of peripheral neuropathies and persistent elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein that is attributed to localized scleroderma. This patient’s has been miss diagnosed for more than 14 years, and the diagnosis of localized scleroderma was finally set up by skin biopsy, providing further evidence for the value of skin biopsy in the clinical practice in peripheral neuropathies.
Effect of a 12-Month Milk-Based Micronutrient-Fortified Drink Intervention on Children: A Systemic Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Study Dataset
Authors:   MetFlux Research Private Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, K Lomore , V Gangwar ,   MetFlux Research Private Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, S Rizvi ,   MetFlux Research Private Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, KV Venkatesh ,   MetFlux Research Private Limited, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Published: March 2024

Nutritional deficiencies have many immediate and long-term effects on physical and cognitive development outcomes, with the children not achieving their full potential. A milk-based health drink fortified with micronutrients as a part of a daily balanced diet can promote physical and cognitive growth in children by increasing macronutrients and micronutrients availability in the body. The systematic analysis aims to quantify the effect of a formulated health drink on children’s physical, clinical and cognitive development outcomes. The dataset used in the analysis was obtained from literature and consisted of 900 children between 7 to 12 years of age. These children were distributed equally into the Control group (no micronutrient-fortified health drink is given), Group I (micronutrient-fortified health drink in water), and Group II (micronutrient-fortified health drink in the toned milk). The analysis shows that micronutrient-fortified health drinks in water (by 2.1-fold) and toned milk (by 2.5-fold) improve the height gain velocities and anthropometric and body composition parameters. It helped children achieve healthy IAP growth percentiles compared to the control group. The analysis also shows a 1.6- and 2-fold change in the cognitive tests grades in groups I & II, respectively, compared to the control group. The analysis indicates that two servings of 33g micronutrient-fortified health drink in water and toned milk for a year significantly improved the gain velocities of anthropometric and body composition parameters, reduced time taken to complete the physical activity task, reduced the number of anaemia and morbidity cases among groups, and improved the scoring grades in cognitive assessment test in studied children population. The IAP data benchmarking clearly indicated that a micronutrient fortified milk-protein-based powder significantly improved children’s overall growth with better health.
Fatty Acid Metabolism is Associated with Immune Microenvironment Variation in Bladder Cancer, and FN1 May Mediate PD-L1 Expression through the IL6-STAT3 Pathway
Authors:   Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Bai Kexin , Zhao Kai ,   Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Deng Zhonglei ,   Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Tang Jingyuan ,   Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Song Qiang ,   Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Xu Yan ,   Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China, Han Jie ,   Department of Urology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
Published: March 2024

Background: Fatty acid metabolism plays an important role in many biological activities, such as cell membrane formation, energy storage, and signal molecule generation in tumorigenesis. Lipid metabolism affects the progression and treatment of Bladder Cancer (BLCA). Therefore, it is imperative to explore the function and prognostic value of lipid metabolism-related genes in BLCA patients. Methods: In this study, we collected gene expression profiles and clinical information in The Cancer Genome Map (TCGA) database and two independent Group on Earth Observations (GEO) datasets. Gene interaction information was obtained from ENCORI database. Based on these databases, we analyzed the expression patterns of genes and proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism and their matching clinicopathological features. Further, the gene for fatty acid metabolism, FN1, was screened for cellular function science experiments to validate our findings. Results: Analysis in the TCGA database identified 310 fatty acid metabolism-related mRNAs, 91 of which were differentially expressed in BLCA patients. Based on the correlation of Differentially Expressed Genes (DGEs) with patient characteristics, we developed a clinical prognostic correlation model and validated the accuracy of the model based on information from the GEO database. Survival analysis and clinical correlation analysis showed that elevated FN1 levels were highly correlated with shorter survival, higher staging, higher grading, and lower infiltration of immune cells in BLCA. Furthermore, we experimentally verified that FN1 can activate the IL6 -JAK - STAT3 pathway and further promote PD-L1 expression, which would serve as a potential factor for immune escape in bladder cancer. Finally, our experimental results were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis.
Giant Cell Tumor of the Sphenoid with Clivus Extension in a Pediatric Patient
Authors:   Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain, PA Garrido Ruiz , M Román Garrido ,   Department of Primary Care, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
Published: March 2024

We present a case of giant cell tumor of the clivus in a pediatric patient. The case is very interesting because this benign tumor is generally located in the epiphysis of long bones, and only 1% is found in the cranial vault and the base of skull. The sphenoid bone and the petrous portion of the temporal bone are the most commonly affected cranial locations, probably due to their endochondral ossification.
Main directions of implementing research results of artificial intelligence systems into domestic production
Authors: Sharipov F. F. , Dyakonova M. A.
Published: March 2024

Speaking about the need to create technological sovereignty in the sphere of the domestic economy production, we realize how multidimensional and costly in all types of resources is the activity that has critical time constraints. In addition to sovereignty as a concept in the broad sense, technological sovereignty is created to increase the efficiency of Russian economic activity. One of the directions of increasing the production activities efficiency is the so-called production digitalization. This notion is fundamentally different from the production processes automation of the 1970s and 1980s. With the advent of the Internet and space navigation capabilities of modern astronautics, the approach and level of tasks in organizing human life have completely changed. Wireless communication, the Internet of Things, unmanned vehicle including aircraft are the terms of the XXI century. The purpose of the study is to define the theoretical principles of digitalization in the manufacturing process for those who are interested in this issue. The authors also attempt to provide a summary of popular classifications of digital technologies by functionality and application sectors. Based on the theoretical principles of digitalization and the given classification, we identify the main directions of production digitalization.
Russian consumer lending market in modern conditions
Authors: Rizvanova I. A.
Published: March 2024

In the current conditions, the Russian financial market has demonstrated its stability and ability to promptly respond to the ongoing changes in the geopolitical sphere, while the banks that control more than 80 % of the country’s assets are under sanctions. The article considers and analyzes the Russian consumer lending market in modern conditions. It reviews the crisis periods of the Russian financial market from 2014 to 2023 and the anti-crisis measures of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, the domestic consumer credit market in the current realities, and loans restructuring to individuals under sanctions pressure. The purpose of the study is to determine main trends in the consumer credit market development based on the analysis of the Russian consumer credit market under sanctions pressure. The object of the study is the domestic consumer credit market in modern conditions. The subject of the study is trends in the Russian consumer credit market development under sanctions pressure. The sources of information were analytical materials and statistical reporting data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, laws and regulations, domestic and foreign scientific literature, and analytical and reference online resources.
The problem of determining value orientations in modern psychology
Authors: Bakushkin I. A. , Ilicheva I. M.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes approaches to value orientations study in Russian and foreign psychology. The definition of value orientations based on the reflection, activity, activity, determinism principles has been clarified. The features of the approach to the value orientations study in Russian psychology are represented by three directions – philosophical, concrete-scientific and psychological. The features of the value orientations study in foreign psychology have been presented, where the main attention is paid to the problems of personality typology on the basis of its value orientations and their role in the activity motivation. Each person is guided by what is considered by him as important, essential, and strives to achieve what acquires for him subjective value. Within the framework of general psychology and personality psychology, we always mean individually significant values, on which a person is oriented, – value orientations. A refined definition of value orientations as a mental dimension of the reflected objective reality in the form of subjective significance of its components, which is analyzed in the directionality of the subject’s activity and structured in accordance with the level of its spiritual and moral component, has been given.
Small business digital transformation in the USA in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Petrovskaya N. E. , Kiseleva S. S.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to examine small businesses digital transformation in the US in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The subject of the study is the pandemic impact on small businesses digitalization in the US. The coronavirus had a huge impact on the small business sphere, influenced the distribution of these businesses by industry, their employment ratio, the socio-demographic characteristics of small business owners, and accelerated digitalization in order to adapt to new conditions and overcome the economic crisis. It was hypothesized that the coronavirus pandemic had a greater impact on the services market than on the goods market. The authors investigate what changes occurred in small businesses as the pandemic result and what digital technologies were applied to adapt to the new conditions. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered the digitalization that had already begun earlier, increasing digital transformation in the small business sector from an average of 30 to 55 %. According to 86 % of U.S. small business owners, it was the use of technology that helped them survive the pandemic. As the study result, the authors concluded that manufacturing companies have started using digital platforms more frequently than businesses related to their services. Hence, the hypothesis put forward is not confirmed. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted small businesses around the world. The American experience can help to understand what strategies and technologies were used to adapt to the new environment and retain business.
Assessing current state and prospects for housing construction development in the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation
Authors: Alekseenko A. P. , Lavrentiev I. A. , Latysheva N. Ye.
Published: March 2024

Housing commissioning in the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation was low until 2019, which resulted in housing availability lower than the national average. The Government of the Russian Federation implemented the program on preferential mortgage lending “Far Eastern Mortgage” that led to an increase in the housing availability in apartment buildings in the macro-region, purchased on credit, while stimulating price growth at a rate outpacing the increase in household incomes. The purpose of the study is to develop proposals for improving measures to support the housing construction market of apartment buildings in the Far Eastern Federal District. The data on the volume and structure of multifamily housing under construction, the main factors of construction cost formation in the macro-region have been analyzed. The mechanism of mortgage influence with state support on the supply growth has been described. It is shown that the dynamics of supply is insufficient to achieve the average Russian values on housing provision of the population, in this connection stimulation measures require improvement. The high dependence of the housing market on mortgage lending programs with state support has been revealed. Based on the comparative analysis of the Far Eastern Mortgage program with other preferential mortgage programs, the article presents proposals for improving the measures of state support for multifamily housing construction in the Far East.
Analysis of the higher education system managerial and organizational potential in the United Republic of Tanzania with the aim of implementing a model of students’ eco-awareness formation in the Russian language
Authors: Nikitin N. A.
Published: March 2024

Russia is one of the key players in Africa. The development of diplomatic, trade, cultural relations with African countries is important in creating Russian economic relations with the outside world. In 2020–2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourist flow from Russia to Tanzania increased, which led to an increased demand for service professionals who know the Russian language. The research conducted allowed to determine the historical peculiarities of relations between Tanzania and Russia and the organizational and pedagogical potential of higher education in Tanzania with the aim of implementing a model of eco-awareness formation in the Russian language. There are 9 bachelor’s, 6 master’s and one doctoral program of training specialists in the field of natural sciences, as well as management in the field of ecology and tourism. The application of the developed training programs, as well as the model of students’ eco-awareness formation will allow to get up to 10 specialists of bachelor level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) within the period of mastering the basic educational program (three years); training a specialist of master level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) has a planned indicator from three to five specialists within the period of mastering the basic educational program (two years); training a specialist of doctoral level (with knowledge of Russian and natural-scientific terminology) has a planned indicator from one to two specialists. The information obtained in the course of the research is of interest for the ministries and departments of the Russian Federation in terms of planning international events and cooperation.
Labor relations culture management at industrial enterprises in the Orenburg Region of the Russian Federation
Authors: Sitzhanova A. M. , Shestakova E. V. , Prytkov R. M.
Published: March 2024

The labor relations culture is the foundation for industrial enterprises’ activities. The application of various methods and labor relations culture diagnostics techniques allows to get a complete picture of the role and assessment of its importance in the enterprise structure and to formulate a systematic approach to its management. The specificity of the labor relations at industrial enterprises culture managements process has been investigated and the sequence of formation and the procedure for transforming the stages of labor relations culture into an innovative type described. The authors have formed a list of control levels implementing the innovative type of labor relations culture at industrial enterprises. The leading industrial enterprises in Russia and the Orenburg region have been grouped. To assess the labor relations culture at the Orenburg region industrial enterprises, the employees were surveyed and the most significant characteristics of the indices identified, which allow to determine the employees’ behavior and improve their activities efficiency. A number of measures to improve the labor relations culture management process at the Orenburg region industrial enterprises have been proposed, since this process plays a key role in a productive and healthy labor collective formation, contributes to the production efficiency improvement and ensures sustainable development of the enterprise. The article is a continuation of “Theoretical and methodological aspects of managing the culture of labor relations of industrial enterprises” published in “Research Result. Economic Research”.
Targeting Plasmodium falciparum IspD in the Methyl-D-Erythritol Phosphate Pathway: Urea-Based Compounds with Nanomolar Potency on target with low micromolar whole-cell activity
Authors: Willocx Daan , Bizzarri Lorenzo , Alhayek Alaa , Bravo Patricia , Illarionov Boris , Rox Katharina , Lohse Jonas , Fischer Markus , Kany Andreas M. , Hahne Hannes , Rottmann Matthias , Witschel Matthias , Hamed Mostafa M. , Diamanti Eleonora , Hirsch Anna K. H.
Published: March 2024

The methyl-D-erythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway has emerged as an interesting target in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The pathway is essential in many human pathogens, including Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), but is absent in human cells, reducing the risk of off-target side effects. In the present study, we conducted a high-throughput screening on the third enzyme of the pathway, IspD, and discovered a new chemical class for which we ran a structure–activity relationship investigation, resulting in low-nanomolar inhibitors of PfIspD. In addition, we determined the whole-cell activity (PfNF54 IC50 = 3.4 ± 1.0 μM), mode of inhibition, metabolic, and plasma stability of the new compound class. In vivo pharmacokinetic profiling of a selection of compounds demonstrated promising behavior for future development. Lastly, we disclosed a new MS-based enzymatic assay for direct IspD activity determination, circumventing the need for auxiliary enzymes. We used this assay to investigate the mode of inhibition of our new compound class. In summary, we have identified a readily synthesizable compound class, demonstrating excellent activity and a promising profile, positioning it as a valuable tool compound for advancing research on IspD.
Multistate Method to Efficiently Account for Tautomerism and Protonation in Alchemical Free-Energy Calculations
Authors: Champion Candide , Hünenberger Philippe H. , Riniker Sereina
Published: March 2024

The majority of drug-like molecules contain at least one ionizable group, and many common drug scaffolds are subject to tautomeric equilibria. Thus, these compounds are found in a mixture of protonation and/or tautomeric states at physiological pH. Intrinsically, standard classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations cannot describe such equilibria between states, which negatively impacts the prediction of key molecular properties in silico. Following the formalism described by de Oliveira and co-workers (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2019, 15, 424–435) to consider the influence of all states on the binding process based on alchemical free energy calculations, we demonstrate in this work that the multistate method replica-exchange enveloping distribution sampling (RE-EDS) is well suited to describe molecules with multiple protonation and/or tautomeric states in a single simulation. We apply our methodology to a series of eight inhibitors of factor Xa with two protonation states and a series of eight inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) with two tautomeric states. In particular, we show that given a sufficient phase-space overlap between the states, RE-EDS is computationally more efficient than standard pairwise free-energy methods.
Problems and prospects for the development of the world heritage protection system
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Kolobov R. Y. ,   Irkutsk Scientific Centre SB RAS
Published: March 2024

The trends in the development of the system of protection of unique sites of global significance, created in accordance with the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972, are analyzed. The significant contribution of the considered legal and institutional mechanisms in the conservation of such sites and the need to strengthen them in the crisis of international relations are noted. The existing problems in the World Heritage protection system are analyzed on the example of the Declaration of principles to promote international solidarity and cooperation to preserve World Heritage, adopted in 2021 at the twenty-third session of the General Assembly of States Parties to the Convention. The persistent imbalance between cultural and natural heritage sites, which is also reflected in the text of the Declaration, is highlighted. A tendency to shift the focus on the selection and inscription processes is identified. There is a divergence between the provisions of the Convention and the practice of its application with regard to the role of the List. One of the serious problems threatening the sustainability of the World Heritage protection system is the systemic divergence between the positions of the World Heritage Committee and its Advisory Bodies. It is stated that there are shortcomings in the work of the Advisory Bodies of the Committee and the need to strengthen the quality of their scientific expertise. The necessity to create a comprehensive national normative-legal framework for the protection of World Natural Heritage in Russia is substantiated. On the example of Lake Baikal the necessity of preliminary scientific assessment of the consequences of changing the protection regime of World Heritage sites is shown. Based on the results of the study, proposals are formulated to improve the list of principles enshrined in the Declaration.
Functional decentralization of public administration: the relevance of borrowing the experience of foreign countries
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Chagin I. B. , Makieva T. G. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: March 2024

The paper undertakes a comparative legal analysis of the legal status elements of the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media and the French National Commission on Informatics and Liberty (Commission nationale de l’informatique et des libertés; hereinafter – CNIL, Commission). The purpose is to activate the deficient researchers’ attention to the problem of functional decentralization of public administration. The authors propose a definition of functional decentralization of public administration. The paper notes the contradiction between the commodification of services provided by CNIL and its democratic nature. Particular attention is paid to the possibility of vesting independent administrative authorities with legislative powers. It is argued that the peculiarities of CNIL’s human resource capacity should be explained through intentionality of the state. It is emphasised that the sanctions imposed by CNIL do not have the force of res judicata, which entails the authors’ conclusion on untenability of the theory proclaiming jurisdictional immunity of independent authority. The explicable impossibility of absolute independence of the commented de-etatisation phenomenon is substantiated in terms of correlation of autonomy and autarky. It has been revealed that a possibility of hypertrophied conceptualisation of autonomy of independent administrative bodies serves to be a structural drawback of the concept of functional decentralization of public administration. It is asserted that the direct linkage between the subject of governance and the managed object should be considered as a substantive feature of functional decentralization of public administration. It has been established that the introduction of the institute of independent authority in the public administration system should be preceded by consideration of relevant factors. The paper notes the deficit of theoretical studies on functional decentralization in the legal literature of the Russian Federation. The ensuing conclusion is that the development of the discussed concept within the framework of the Russian institutional landscape is possible at present only at the theoretical level.
Modern concept of criminal holiganity
Authors:   East Siberian Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Rybakova A. S. ,   Baikal State University
Published: March 2024

A systematic analysis of the object of hooliganism is presented, the responsibility for which is provided for in Art. 213 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The objects of criminal hooliganism are studied in accordance with the existing classifications of crime objects in the science of criminal law: “vertically” and “horizontally”. Attention is focused on the need to consider the object of hooliganism in several aspects: as an element of a crime, as an object of a criminal attack when committing hooliganism and as an object of criminal legal protection regulated in the text of the criminal law. The influence of legislative changes in the wording of Art. 213 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on the range of legal relations that determine the object of criminal hooliganism. In this regard, a conclusion was made about the need to revise the theoretical provisions regarding the criminal legal nature of hooliganism and the possibility of classifying hooliganism as a crime against the person is substantiated.
Investigation of parameters causing can bulging during pasteurization process
of carbonated beverage
Authors: Thongon R. , Netramai S. , Kijchavengkul T. , Yaijam G. , Debhakam R.
Published: March 2024

In-package pasteurization was typically used to achieve microbial and quality stabilization
in the beer industry. However, the process can cause can bulging, resulting in product loss.
This work aimed to construct a mathematical model describing correlations between can
thickness, fill volume, and pasteurization temperature and their effects on internal pressure
of canned beer. Selected ranges of these parameters for the study were 0.245-0.270 mm,
320-338 mL and 59-66oC, respectively. Canned beer samples were pasteurized using
laboratory-scale pasteurization set up for two hrs before being measured for their internal
pressures. A mathematical model (R2
= 0.90) was obtained and validated. It showed that
all independent parameters significantly affected internal pressure (p<0.05). This model
can serve as a guideline for packaging and heating process optimization to reduce the
possibility of can bulging from buildup of internal pressure.