bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Formierung der zweiten Natur: künstliche Natürlichkeit oder natürliche Künstlichkeit?
Authors: Schüz Simon
Published: October 2023

Transformative theories of human nature posit that the genus of animality is wholly transformed by the specific difference of reason. The aim of this paper is to show that the two most prominent transformative approaches, ‘resolute’ and dialectical’, face a dialectical impasse that Helmuth Plessner’s philosophical anthropology is able to resolve. First, I outline objections to the resolute approach which motivate the ‘dialectical’ turn to second nature. Second, I show that the dialectical approach faces a dilemma. It either runs into an internal ‘interaction problem’ by its qualitative distinction of nature and spirit. Or it assimilates both in a way that either amounts to a collapse into the resolute approach or which creates the problem of a merely ‘artificial naturalness’. Third, I reconstruct Plessner’s ‘form-typological’ approach to how the genus living being is differentiated into structural types. This enables a dilemma-free rendition of transformation as ‘natural artificiality’: it is human first nature to seek embodied expression in second nature.
The pauperes in the ‘Libri Historiarum’ of Gregory of Tours
Authors: Piazza Emanuele
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The paper focuses on specific case studies concerning the representation of the figure of the poor in bishop Gregory of Tours’ ‘Libri Historiarum’. The analysis of this source demonstrates how the needy, although on the edge of society, nevertheless constituted a significant spiritual resource for those who wanted to ensure the purification from their sins through alms, especially the richest. This constituted a dynamics of reciprocal remuneration through which, on the one hand, the suffering of the indigent was made less arduous by the charity of the divites; on the other hand, the pauperes themselves were believed to act in favour of their earthly benefactors in the afterlife. Although certainly marginal figures, the poor were not, therefore, completely excluded from Merovingian society in the sixth century. Rather, in the Gaul of the ‘Libri Historiarum’, an attempt was made to offer them adequate assistance thanks to the concrete measures taken by those who, whether lay or ecclesiastical, recognised, as Peter Brown has pointed out, the figure of Christ in every needy. Such benefactors were able to offer help to those who extended their hands to receive alms. At the same time, they earned a credit for the salvation of their souls to enter the kingdom of heaven. The different social function of the poor, as illustrated by Gregory of Tours, finds a full correspondence in the theological and social vision of other illustrious Christian authors of the sixth century, such as bishop Caesarius of Arles and, above all, Pope Gregory the Great. These maintained that, according to divine providence, the inferior pay respect to the superior and the superior show benevolence towards the inferior, thus creating a single concordant harmony. The paper, therefore, highlights the different social functions of pauperes both by studying some specific figures of indigents and by examining the ecclesiastical mentality concerning the general question of poverty and its effects on marginalisation.
Petrus Berchorius bei den Dunkelmännern
Authors: Meier Christel
Published: October 2023

Abstract

With his ‘Ovidius moralizatus’ ( c. 1340 ), a Christian-allegorical interpretation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Petrus Berchorius ( Pierre Bersuire ) significantly contributed to the rehabilitation of Classic mythology across Christian Europe, and the treatise was widely distributed in various manuscripts for almost two centuries. When it first appeared in printing in 1509, however, the book encountered a significantly different intellectual environment, and it became involved in the dispute between traditionally minded Dominicans and a group of pre-reformation humanists which escalated in the ( in- )famous ‘Pfefferkorn controversy’ at Cologne university. Its humanist critics mocked the work of the alleged Dominican Berchorius ( in fact, he had been a Benedictine ) in their famous satire ‘Epistolae obscurorum virorum’, ridiculing Berchorius’ Christian interpretation of Classical mythology.
Philostrats ,Briefe‘ – Einheit in der Vielfalt, Vielfalt in der Einheit?
Authors: Burri Renate
Published: October 2023

Abstract

The complex manuscript tradition of Philostratus’ ‘Letters’ cause a row of problems and uncertainties: it is unclear, for example, which of the several surviving versions of the letter collection is the original one, which sequence of the letters is authorial, which version of some letters that have survived in different lengths is authentic, why some letters differ that much in form and content from others, and, last but not least, if the collection was written by Philostratus at all. These questions seem to pose insurmountable difficulties for the project of a new edition. Therefore, we still rely on editions from the nineteenth century for Philostratus’ ‘Letters’. The question is whether the problems of the formation of the epistolary corpus and the evaluation of its multiple versions can be explained by traditional textual criticism. I argue that a codicological, palaeographical, and historical examination of the individual textual witnesses could shed new light on the open research questions by focusing on the overall context, position, and function of Philostratus’ ‘Letters’ in each manuscript. At the same time, research on the still uncertain purpose and function of the ‘Letters’ could possibly contribute to understand the mechanisms of ( manuscript ) tradition of the corpus.
From Letter Collections to Letter Writing Manuals
Authors: Chernoglazov Dmitrij
Published: October 2023

Abstract

It is well known that Byzantine and post-Byzantine manuscript letter collections had a didactic function serving as manuals on epistolary art. An important task is to examine how and to what extent this function influenced the structure of collections and the method of reworking epistolary material. The subject of the present paper is the letter collection surviving in cod. Heid. Pal. gr. 356 ( 13th c. ). The collection contains Pseudo-Libanios’ ‘Epistolary Styles’, letters of Phalaris, Libanios, Gregory of Nazianzos, Symeon Logothetes, Michael Psellos and other authors. The collection is analyzed in terms of its content and structure. Its following features are revealed: Firstly, from letters of different authors, those are selected that correspond to common epistolary situations. Most of the letters presented in the collection are recommending, reproaching for silence, accompanying the gift, etc. Secondly, letters belonging to the same type or epistolary situation are often grouped together. Thirdly, letters are reworked so that it is more convenient to use them as models. Gregory of Nazianzos’ letters are presented in short excerpts, many of them being transformed so that they serve as models for certain letter types – friendly, commendatory, etc.
Zur Zusammenstellung der Handschriften der ‚Epistula ad Ammaeum II‘ des Dionysios von Halikarnass
Authors: Palla Alessandra
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Heuristic is the first step to provide a good critical text edition. It allows to collect all the manuscripts of a work, as well as to order them according to their content. This preliminary work phase is also important in order to obtain essential information about the genre and type of a work, thus providing useful new starting points for a comprehensive study. The paper provides the first results of this work phase within the project that involves editing, translating and providing a commentary on Dionysius of Halicarnassus’ ‘Epistula ad Ammaeum II’. All the manuscripts of the ‘Epistula’ can be divided into two groups, which are almost always characterised by two specific and different compositions: the first one allows us to consider the ‘Epistula’ as a rhetorical treatise providing rhetorical and grammatical remarks about the style of Thucydides; the second clarifies the importance of the ‘Epistula’ as necessary support to the comprehension of the ‘Historiae’ of Thucydides. Within these two groups of manuscripts there are some witnesses which present an unusual composition, such as the Parisinus gr. 2755. This case study sheds light on interesting and sometimes neglected aspects of the ‘Epistula’ and provides a complete analysis of its genre and use.
Bishops, Priests and Ecclesiastical Discipline in Tenth and Eleventh-Century Lotharingia
Authors: Waagmeester Bastiaan
Published: October 2023

Abstract

This article examines how tenth and eleventh-century bishops imposed ecclesiastical discipline on their priests after the waves of Carolingian episcopal statutes had ceased. It uses the manuscript Troyes, Médiathèque Jacques-Chirac, Ms 1979 as an example of an episcopal manual with which bishops could impose and maintain ecclesiastical discipline in their diocese via the organisation of local synods, holding a court and visitation. The manuscript in question contains material to support the bishops in these tasks and demonstrates how these institutions were shaped by the ideals of their Carolingian predecessors. The article starts with an analysis of the composition of the manuscript and then goes on to explore how it could have been used for the instruction and examination of priests during diocesan synods. Finally, it examines a collection of canones in the manuscript, also known as the ‘Collectio 234 capitulorum’, as a means to establish ecclesiastical discipline by monitoring behaviour and administering justice via visitation and holding a court. A description of Troyes, Médiathèque Jacques-Chirac, Ms 1979’s content and codicological composition as well as the material comprising the ‘Collectio 234 capitulorum’ have been added as appendices.
The Emergence of a Global Knowledge Network
Authors: Labisch Alfons
Published: October 2023

Today we live in a global network of knowledge–as shown recently by the worldwide interactive research on Covid-19. Nevertheless, knowledge is distributed differently around the world and is perceived and valued differently in different cultures. This also applies to different strata within societies. The fact of a global world of knowledge and its horizontally and vertically different perception, interpretation and usage raises several problems. These can be explained above all by the sociogenesis of the global knowledge world and its fundamental lines and moments of development. Even a brief look at history shows that knowledge has been and is exchanged from earliest times till nowadays. This fact in turn raises questions and problems that we want to address systematically. What is “knowledge”? Sciences? Arts and crafts? When, by whom, in what form was knowledge disseminated? What is knowledge transfer? Exchange? Is it a mere transport, a deliberate exchange, or a kind of silent appropriation of foreign knowledge? In the following, some of these questions will be dealt with systematically. The historical material as well overarching question is the exchange of knowledge in Eurasia and here specifically the transfer and exchange of knowledge between Europe and China. After a preliminary clarification of terms and questions, the transfer of knowledge between Europe and China from the earliest times up to the Yuan Dynasty will be surveyed. Subsequently, the basic concepts and questions can be discussed and sharpened for further research. An outlook on the historical phase of a deliberate transfer and finally exchange of knowledge between China and Europe since the early modern period concludes the study. The aim of this work is not primarily to describe the historical course of individual exchange processes, but to clarify questions and problems for future empirical studies regarding the research landscape.
A review on design, development and characterization of plasmonic nano-antenna for photonic applications
Authors: Singh Ashish , Kavitha Shekhara , Shastrimath Veena Devi , Aneesh Mahammad
Published: October 2023

This article provides an overview of plasmonic nano-antennas for photonic applications. This paper delves into the theoretical analysis of nano/optical antennas, including optical antenna impedance, near and far field characteristics, and directivity. The materials used for manufacturing optical antennas are discussed in the context of terahertz communication. The comparative analysis of different types of fabrication techniques on the nanoscale is presented as a requirement for the implementation of nano-antennas. The testing mechanism of the nano-antenna using microscopy techniques is also presented. A detailed review of the different shapes of the nano-antennas that are used for applications in the field of photonics is discussed. According to this review article, graphene, gold, and silver are the most promising materials. It is also noticed that pen-dip and direct growth are fast and inexpensive techniques for nano-antenna fabrication.
Inhibitory TMS over Visual Area V5/MT Disrupts Visual Speech Recognition
Authors: Jeschke Lisa , Mathias Brian , von Kriegstein Katharina
Published: October 2023

During face-to-face communication, the perception and recognition of facial movements can facilitate individuals' understanding of what is said. Facial movements are a form of complex biological motion. Separate neural pathways are thought to processing (1) simple, nonbiological motion with an obligatory waypoint in the motion-sensitive visual middle temporal area (V5/MT); and (2) complex biological motion. Here, we present findings that challenge this dichotomy. Neuronavigated offline transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over V5/MT on 24 participants (17 females and 7 males) led to increased response times in the recognition of simple, nonbiological motion as well as visual speech recognition compared with TMS over the vertex, an active control region. TMS of area V5/MT also reduced practice effects on response times, that are typically observed in both visual speech and motion recognition tasks over time. Our findings provide the first indication that area V5/MT causally influences the recognition of visual speech.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn everyday face-to-face communication, speech comprehension is often facilitated by viewing a speaker's facial movements. Several brain areas contribute to the recognition of visual speech. One area of interest is the motion-sensitive visual medial temporal area (V5/MT), which has been associated with the perception of simple, nonbiological motion such as moving dots, as well as more complex, biological motion such as visual speech. Here, we demonstrate using noninvasive brain stimulation that area V5/MT is causally relevant in recognizing visual speech. This finding provides new insights into the neural mechanisms that support the perception of human communication signals, which will help guide future research in typically developed individuals and populations with communication difficulties.
The Causal Role of Temporoparietal Junction in Mediating Self–Other Mergence during Mentalizing
Authors: Sun Fanru , Yang Tianshu , Liu Ning , Wan Xiaohong
Published: October 2023

Mentalizing is a core faculty of human social behaviors that involves inferring the cognitive states of others. This process necessitates adopting an allocentric perspective and suppressing one's egocentric perspective, referred to as self–other distinction (SOD). Meanwhile, individuals may project their own cognitive states onto others in prosocial behaviors, a process known as self–other mergence (SOM). It remains unclear how the two opposing processes coexist during mentalizing. We here combined functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) techniques with intranasal oxytocin (OTint) as a probe to examine the SOM effect in healthy male human participants, during which they attributed the cognitive states of decision confidence to an anonymous partner. Our results showed that OTintfacilitated SOM via the left temporoparietal junction (lTPJ), but did not affect neural representations of internal information about others' confidence in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, which might be dedicated to SOD, although the two brain regions, importantly, have been suggested to be involved in mentalizing. Further, the SOM effect induced by OTintwas fully mediated by the lTPJ activities and became weakened when the lTPJ activities were suppressed by rTMS. These findings suggest that the lTPJ might play a vital role in mediating SOM during mentalizing.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTEvery human mind is unique. It is critical to distinguish the minds of others from the self. On the contrary, we often project the current mental states of the self onto others; that is to say, self–other mergence (SOM). The neural mechanism underlying SOM remains unclear. We here used intranasal oxytocin (OTint) as a probe to leverage SOM, which is typically suppressed during mentalizing. We revealed that OTintspecifically modulated the left temporoparietal junction (lTPJ) neural activities to fully mediate the SOM effect, while suppressing the lTPJ neural activities by transcranial magnetic stimulations causally attenuated the SOM effect. Our results demonstrate that the lTPJ might mediate SOM during social interactions.
Thermal optima for seed germination of 30 tree species from Central Amazonia: a comparison of approaches and a new proposal
Authors: Cipriani Vânia Beatriz , Calvi Geângelo Petene , Ferraz Isolde Dorothea Kossmann
Published: October 2023

This study compared the seed germination of 30 tree species from Central Amazonia using a wide temperature range (5-40°C with 12 hours of light daily). Seeds were submitted to pre-germination treatments, whenever necessary, sown on vermiculite or germitest paper, and normal seedling
development was assessed until stabilisation. With the same data set, seeds' optimal germination temperature (Topt ) was determined by comparing the following approaches: (i) 2-step, the temperature with the highest germination and the shortest time to seed population reach 50%
of germination was chosen; (ii) the highest Germination Speed Index (GSI); (iii) using the formula developed by Olff and collaborators (Olff's approach); (iv) three species were evaluated with Covell's approach; and (v) new formulas for Topt calculation are proposed, based on germination
success and five different variables of germination rate (Cipriani's approach). Comparing the results, Topt differed between 0.6-10.0°C. GSI and 2-step indicated generally higher values than Olff's formula. The minimum and maximum Topt differences between Cipriani's
approaches were between 0.1-2.2°C. Our study showed that Toptshould be determined for each species as, even the 30 Amazonian tree species of the same habitat, Topt ranged between 22.5 and 32.5°C.
ESPERANZAR Y CONVIVIR: APORTES DESDE LA INTERCULTURALIDAD
Authors: Fornet-Betancourt Raúl
Published: October 2023

.
LECTURA INTERCULTURAL DE LA BIBLIA Y ANTROPOLOGÍA CULTURAL: UN CAMINO DE IDA Y VUELTA
Authors: Zúñiga Valerio Hanzel José
Published: October 2023

El presente ensayo propone, a partir del reconocimiento de la diversidad cultural y religiosa, que el uso de las ciencias sociales, en particular la antropología social, es una herramienta indispensable para la lectura intercultural del texto bíblico. Siendo la Biblia el producto de memorias, voces y culturas encontradas, tomar consciencia de las distancias es una forma de crear puentes entre realidades diversas, pero que, de hecho, siempre han interactuado y pueden descubrir nuevos caminos de humanidad en la Biblia y más allá de la Biblia.
ENTRE CANDADOS Y CERROJOS. VIOLENCIA SIMBÓLICA SOBRE LAS MUJERES DESDE EL NEOPENTECOSTALISMO EN COSTA RICA
Authors: Vindas Benavides Ruth
Published: October 2023

La violencia simbólica hacia las mujeres se ejerce en diferentes espacios, como el religioso, en donde pasa desapercibida por completo; al no visualizarse, es normalizada sin que se cuestione a quienes la ejercen y más bien se les aprueba. En los espacios religiosos este mal provoca en las féminas otras formas de violencia que son las que finalmente, se llegan a visualizar. Con la finalidad de profundizar en este tema, proponemos, en este artículo como objetivo general, indagar sobre el impacto que genera la violencia simbólica de género que se ejerce sobre las mujeres evangélicas a través de discursos y prácticas religiosas neopentecostales en Costa Rica. Para ello, usamos la metodología de investigación cualitativa, haciendo uso de la técnica de observación en dos congregaciones neopentecostales de zona rural y urbana, y entrevistas a dos mujeres de cada congregación. Por medio de los resultados logramos evidenciar desde diferentes variables, las formas de violencia simbólica que se ejercen desde estos espacios. Con los resultados obtenidos realizamos un análisis crítico desde los derechos humanos de las mujeres y de la teología feminista latinoamericana de la liberación. Concluimos que, por medio de interpretaciones literales de los textos bíblicos y el uso de imágenes de Dios elaboradas desde el patriarcalismo, el machismo y el androcentrismo, entre otros, se ejerce una fuerte violencia simbólica de la cual las mujeres no son conscientes. De ahí la importancia de hacer visible esta forma de violencia para encontrar alternativas de superación.
Language Awareness of Upper Silesia Inhabitants Displaced from the Former Southeastern Provinces of the Second Republic of Poland
Authors: Sagan-Bielawa Mirosława
Published: October 2023

The paper considers attitudes towards varieties of Polish on the example of people born in the former southeastern provinces of the Second Republic of Poland and forced to emigrate after the Second World War to Upper Silesia. These people are a language community that represents the dual identity of culture and language. Their first identity was formed on the Polish-Ukrainian borderland during the childhood and adolescence period. However, these people are part of the Upper Silesian speech community. They are strongly professionally and privately bound to the region.

The paper is based on interviews with 33 people conducted at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. All of interviewers had secondary or higher education. The analysis refers to the opinions of respondents about the role of language in their own lives and in the activities of the displaced persons community. This work examines the social evaluation of variants and feelings that the language invokes, in particular, the Polish spoken in the former southeastern borderland compared to the Silesian dialect. It may be concluded that elements of the pre-war dialect of the city of Lviv constituted for these people an indicator of belonging to the community whereas the Silesian dialect was treated with reserve.
Russian Traditional Dance as a Language of Intraethnic Communication
Authors: Galtseva Olga V.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The article aims to determine the nature of the participation of folk dance in the process of forming the ethnic and national identity of the Russian people. For this purpose, the dance is considered as a means of social communication and analyzed by the example of the most common variants of its application in the practice of everyday and festive communication of the Russian rural population of the Nizhny Novgorod region of the second half of the 20th century.

Materials and Methods. In the process of working on the article, a comparative historical method was used, which allowed us to present the dynamics of the historical development of traditional dance from the end of the 19th to the second half of the 20th centuries. The structural and functional method was also used which made it possible to determine the main functions of dance culture in the life of the rural community. These methods were used in combination with the analysis of historiographical works and sources, as well as methods of field research.

Results. Russian folk dance has undergone a number of changes over a certain historical period. Initially, it had a ritual and cult significance, developed within the framework of the male military tradition, and was used in the rituals of the calendar and wedding cycles. In the 20th century, the communicative potential of dance began to be directed to the rural community. Dance becomes the universal language of festive communication. It acquires the significance of one of the components of national identity after the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Discussion and Conclusion. The ethno-cultural significance of dance in the life of a rural community in the second half of the 20th century can be illustrated by the culmination of the annual village festival. During it, the dance of men, successors of their kind, heirs of the winners and defenders of the Fatherland, brings a final, life-affirming and archaic meaning to the general emotional unity. It proclaims the right of all participants in the holiday to live in their own land and honor their ancestors.
Woman’s Topic in Philosophy of V. V. Rozanov
Authors: Tipikina Alina A.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the views of the Russian religious philosopher, critic and publicist V. V. Rozanov on the “woman’s question” of the mid- 19th – early 20th century. The author pays attention to such social aspects of a woman’s life as: marriage, education, work, rights, opportunities for social self-realization. The relevance of the article is due to the undoubted interest of society in the woman’s topic and the Russian woman’s movement. The purpose of the article is to reveal the views of V. V. Rozanov on a woman, comparing them with the ideas of the woman’s emancipation movement of the middle of 19th and early 20th centuries.

Materials and Methods. The study used hermeneutic, comparative and comparative historical methods that help to identify the views of the Russian thinker on a woman from his philosophical and journalistic works.

Results. The article examined V. V. Rozanov’s interpretation of the divorce process, the position of women in the family, society, the opportunities for women to receive education and realization in the labor sphere. An analysis of the works chosen by the author made it possible to single out the views of the Russian thinker in support of the ideas and demands of Russian women.

Discussion and Conclusion. The author of the article concludes that Rozanov supported most of the demands of Russian women at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries and, at the same time, about the philosopher’s traditional approach to understanding the nature of a woman as a soft and gentle creature, her main social functions related to motherhood and family.
Payment for Occasional Religious Rites in the Income Structure of the Orthodox Clergy in the Late 19th – Early 20th Century (Based on the Materials of the Mordovian Region)
Authors: Shitova Tаtiana V. , Pershin Sergey V.
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Introduction. One of the main functions of the parish clergy in the late 19th – early 20th century was to perform church rites and “sacraments” at the request of parishioners. The payment for the correction was perceived by a certain part of the parishioners as additional levies and served as a reason for the growth of social tension. The article attempts to update the study of this source of funding for the clergy and clergy in the context of socio-economic development of the region.

Materials and Methods. The research is based on general scientific and special historical methods (comparative historical, problem-chronological, systemic and structural).

Results. The main difficulties in conducting the study are related to the fact that, for ethical reasons, the ROC did not introduce a tariff for demand correction and the diocesan authorities did not control this part of the income of the clergy. In this regard, complete and objective data on the income of clerics from the demand for correction are found in the documents of spiritual consistories quite rarely. Clerics and parishioners privately negotiated prices for occasional religious rites. In the parishes of neighboring counties, approximately similar prices were set for occasional religious rites. According to available information, the established norms were often advisory in nature.

Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the source base allowed us to identify some features of the church documentation related to the desire of the clergy not to show the real size of their income. These include the careless maintenance and destruction of notebooks in which the money received for the occasional religious rites was recorded, the fixation of the income of the clergy directly by the clergy (or their spouses), who received the bulk of the funds collected from the population. In parishes with vacant places, the priests were afraid of withdrawing part of the money in favor of diocesan guardianship.
Plasma concentration of leptin is related to food addiction in gambling disorder: Clinical and neuropsychological implications
Authors: Etxandi Mikel , Baenas Isabel , Mora-Maltas Bernat , Granero Roser , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Tovar Sulay , Solé-Morata Neus , Lucas Ignacio , Casado Sabela , Gómez-Peña Mónica , Moragas Laura , Pino-Gutiérrez Amparo del , Tapia Javier , Valenciano-Mendoza Eduardo , Potenza Marc N. , Gearhardt Ashley N. , Diéguez Carlos , Jiménez-Murcia Susana
Published: October 2023

Background

Data implicate overlaps in neurobiological pathways involved in appetite regulation and addictive disorders. Despite different neuroendocrine measures having been associated with both gambling disorder (GD) and food addiction (FA), how appetite-regulating hormones may relate to the co-occurrence of both entities remain incompletely understood.

Aims

To compare plasma concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, and liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) between patients with GD, with and without FA, and to explore the association between circulating hormonal concentrations and neuropsychological and clinical features in individuals with GD and FA.

Methods

The sample included 297 patients diagnosed with GD (93.6% males). None of the patients with GD had lifetime diagnosis of an eating disorder. FA was evaluated with the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. All patients were assessed through a semi-structured clinical interview and a psychometric battery including neuropsychological tasks. Blood samples to measure hormonal variables and anthropometric variables were also collected.

Results

From the total sample, FA was observed in 23 participants (FA+) (7.7% of the sample, 87% males). When compared participants with and without FA, those with FA+ presented both higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) and leptin concentrations, after adjusting for BMI (p = 0.013). In patients with FA, leptin concentrations positively correlated with impulsivity, poorer cognitive flexibility, and poorer inhibitory control. Other endocrine measures did not differ between groups.

Discussion and conclusions

The present study implicates leptin in co-occurring GD and FA. Among these patients, leptin concentration has been associated with clinical and neuropsychological features, such as impulsivity and cognitive performance in certain domains.
Confucianism: Ancient ideology or driving force of the future? A scoping review on the effect of Confucian culture on innovation
Authors: Koczkás Sára
Published: October 2023

This paper explores the ambiguous relationship between Confucian culture and innovation based on the scholarly literature. Applying a scoping review approach, the purpose of the literature review is to uncover the reasons behind the ambiguities of empirical research results and conceptualizations of how Confucianism affects innovation on the individual and on the organizational level. The paper builds on the assumption that the different operationalizations of Confucian culture are behind these contradictions. Since Confucianism is an ideology that has developed for over 2000 years, and even its most often cited virtues and principles are quite heterogenous, approaches to its operationalization in the field of management are also diverse. The results of the literature review indicate that different approaches to Confucian culture indeed show homogeneity in the conceptualization of the Confucianism-innovation relationship. Virtues and principles related to rigid hierarchies and great power distance have a detrimental effect, while others a rather positive one. Therefore, the paper argues that a more specific denomination of cultural factors should be necessary to avoid biased and unspecified results in both theoretical and empirical approaches.
Participatory Communication and the Empowerment of the Underdeveloped Communities: A Case of Suku Anak Dalam in Jambi, Indonesia
Authors: Ningtias Rini
Published: October 2023

The Kubu tribe, also known as Suku Anak Dalam (SAD), is an ethnic group that inhabits the Jambi province, Indonesia. They still hold tightly their ancestral culture in their daily life, depend on natural or forest resources, and live a nomadic life. Factors that influence the nomadic life of the SAD community include a belief in “Melangun” tradition. The uncontrolled logging and forest fires in Jambi resulted in their loss of forest products to sell to support their life so that their sustainability is in danger. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the empowerment of the SAD community so that they can leave the old culture and live like a modern society. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research collects the required data by employing interview, observation and documentation techniques. Data analysis uses data reduction techniques, data presentation, and verification. Then the validation technique uses source triangulation by examining data from several sources. The results of the study indicate that to empower Suku Anak Dalam (SAD), it is urgent to use two communication approaches, namely participatory communication and empowerment communication.
Pomoc polskich miast na prawach powiatu udzielana ukraińskim partnerom współpracy międzynarodowej w okresie rosyjskiej agresji. Przykład województwa kujawsko-pomorskiego
Authors:   Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Kuczkowski Przemysław
Published: October 2023

The aim of the research is to verify the admissibility of granting financial and material aid to territorial units from Ukraine by Polish cities with poviat rights. Consideration was also given to the state and scale of cooperation between cities with county rights (i.e. Bydgoszcz, Toruń and Włocławek) from the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship and their partners from Ukraine during the period of Russian aggression. The paper uses the method of content analysis, in addition, own research was carried out involving local governments from the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and the results are presented. The results of the research in this paper proved that there is a legal possibility on the basis of the Act on local self-government (at the same time bearing in mind the provisions of the Act on public finances) to provide financial support from one’s own budget in the form of financial aid and in-kind support in the form of aid in kind to “local and regional communities” in Ukraine, including during the period of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine. In addition, the article found that all surveyed Polish local governments implemented international cooperation focused on humanitarian aid to Ukrainian partners. The article is original in nature and was devoted entirely to the issue of international cooperation during the period of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine.
Metodología de evaluación de referencias bibliográficas para las obras editadas bajo el sello editorial Ecimed
Authors: Rodríguez Alonso Beatriz , Zayas Mujica Roberto
Published: October 2023

Introducción: lo meritorio y necesario de las citas y referencias bibliográficas con calidad, es que sirven de sostén a los contenidos, proporcionan fiabilidad y permiten su verificación y ampliación de conocimientos con transparencia. La Editorial Ciencias Médicas está inmersa en la implementación del sistema de gestión de la calidad, que abarca todos los procesos editoriales para facilitar la publicación de obras de elevada calidad.
Objetivo: establecer la metodología de evaluación de la calidad de las citas y referencias bibliográficas de las obras a editar.
Métodos: para el diseño de la metodología se realizó un estudio cualitativo, de investigación documental, dirigida a la obtención de información mediante la recopilación, organización y análisis de documentos de cualquier especie como fuentes bibliográficas, hemerográficas o archivísticas, tanto físicas como digitales. Se tomó como base la metodología diseñada por las autoras mexicanas Martín y Lafuente, quienes en 2017 publicaron nueve indicadores de evaluación de las referencias bibliográficas, los que se analizaron, atemperaron y se diseñaron las dimensiones que dieron salida a la metodología. A cada dimensión, con sus criterios, se le construyeron indicadores, normas y/o estándares de evaluación, armonizados según las pautas identificadas, quedando diseñada la primera versión de la metodología.
Resultados: posterior al análisis evaluativo de cada dimensión se realizó la evaluación final de las referencias de la obra y para ello se dieron salida a los criterios de evaluación que se proponen en la metodología a implementar.
Conclusiones: la metodología de evaluación de la calidad de las citas bibliografías que proponemos para las obras editadas bajo el sello editorial Ecimed, requiere de un proceso de implementación y validación. Generar citas de calidad para los investigadores y que les sean útiles en su propia investigación, tributa a la Ciencia Abierta.
Men of the Marshes: Paul L. Errington and H. Albert Hochbaum
Authors: van der Valk Arnold
Published: October 2023

Paul L. Errington (1902-1962) and H. Albert Hochbaum (1911-1988) were pioneering wildlife biologists whose research focused on muskrats and waterfowl, respectively. Their publications, especially their books, stressed the importance of wetlands as wildlife habitats. Errington spent his entire professional career at Iowa State University. Much of it studying muskrat population dynamics in prairie potholes. His work on the predation of muskrats and other species changed how predators were perceived from negative to positive for ecologists, hunters, and the general public. Hochbaum spent his entire professional career as the scientific director of the Delta Water Research Station in Canada. Because of his influential publications and those of the many graduate students at Delta whose research he watched over, Hochbaum built Delta into one of the premier waterfowl research institutions in the world. Errington’s and Hochbaum’s books influenced ecologists and the general public, especially those interested in wildlife conservation. They played a significant role in the development of wetland science by demonstrating the importance of wetlands as wildlife habitats and highlighting the urgent need for wetland conservation. Their advocacy contributed to the gradual shift in North American attitudes toward wetlands from negative to positive.
Wild Rice Lakes in Comparison to Mapped Surficial Sands in Minnesota
Authors: Swenson Michael
Published: October 2023

Several recent studies have considered the distribution of wild rice (Zizania palustris) compared to a variety of physical and watershed parameters. However, the distribution of wild rice has not been systematically compared to the surficial geology. In this study, a relatively comprehensive list of identified wild rice lakes in Minnesota was compared to the mapped areas of surficial sands. Wild rice is significantly more likely to occur on basins which are within or adjacent to mapped surficial sands. Statewide, an odds ratio of 2.1. indicates that a given lake within the mapped surficial sands has more than twice the odds of wild rice occurrence than a lake outside of the mapped surficial sands. The correlation observed here between mapped surficial sands and wild rice presence suggests that a groundwater-surface water interaction may have more widespread importance for sustaining wild rice populations than previously considered.
Restoring a First Order Stream and Adjacent Riparian Wetlands In West Virginia: Integrating Lessons from Science and Practice
Authors: MacKenzie et al. Andrew
Published: October 2023

Stream and wetland mitigation knowledge and understanding are rapidly evolving. However, the objectives of mitigation are wide-ranging. In 2021, a branch of Deckers Creek (Preston Co., West Virginia, USA) was restored by bank recontouring, reconnecting the incised channel to the constructed bankfull bench floodplain, creating small wetlands, and planting native riparian vegetation. Our research objectives were to 1) provide annual biodiversity and abundance data before, during, and after mitigation efforts and 2) assess woody-vegetation growth (height and diameter) and survivorship of a 10% biochar and 90% compost mixture. The complexity of mitigation warrants discussing challenges before, during, and after mitigation occurs. During restoration efforts, we encountered several challenges that were overcome through perseverance and collaboration. We incorporated ideas and practices from academia and the private sector to provide a detailed list of challenges encountered during our mitigation efforts, the solutions enacted, and future management implications to streamline mitigation planning.
Bog Men: Alfred P. Dachnowski and George B. Rigg
Authors:   Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology,  Iowa State University, Ames, IA, van der Valk Arnold
Published: October 2023

Alfred P. Dachnowski and George B. Rigg were the foremost peatland scientists in the United States during the first half of the 20th century. Although trained as a botanist, Alfred Dachnowski (1875–1949) became an expert on peat soils, including their development, classification, and chemical characteristics. His early research focused on “bog toxins” and how they affected plant growth. After being forced to resign from Ohio State University, he worked for the U.S. Department of Agriculture for the remainder of his professional career. Dachnowski developed several peat soil classifications and published the first comprehensive account of peat deposits in the United States. George B. Rigg (1872-1961), who also was trained as a botanist, spent his entire professional career at the University of Washington. He became an authority on the ecology, development, and distribution of Sphagnum peat bogs and published two major monographs. Early in his career, he also wrote a review on the prevalent theory of “physiological drought” as the cause of the xeromorphic characteristics of some bog plants. However, most of his research focused on bog development (stratigraphy) and how the chemical and physical (air and soil temperature) environment affected the distribution of bog plants.
Quality report of infectious disease modeling techniques for point-referenced spatial data: A Systematic review
Authors: Mba Romuald Beh , Lokonon Bruno Enagnon , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: October 2023

Spatial data modeling can provide significant value to healthcare organizations by improving decision support, resource management and distribution, and clinical outcomes. The aim of this study was to (i) summarize the trends of the modeling techniques used to analyze point-referenced spatial data in epidemiology and (ii) examine if all information required when applying these modeling techniques were properly reported in the published papers. A literature search was limited to journal papers published from January 2010 to June 2022 using PubMed, Scopus, Crossref, and Google Scholar. From 528 articles identified with the defined keywords, 351 were retained for the review. The results revealed that the use of modeling techniques in spatial data for infectious diseases increases exponentially over time. The most common spatial method was Empirical Bayesian Kriging [EBK] (52\% of the selected articles), followed by Spatial GLMMs (34\%) and Spatial smoothing Kernel Estimation (13\%).
Gumbel copula mortality dependence modeling
Authors: Onchere Walter Omonywa , Maina Calvin Bitange , Monari Fred Nyamitago
Published: October 2023

Using joint-life last-survivor annuities data, we conduct an analysis of the joint lifetime dependence. In the current paper, we apply the Gumbel copula and compare it to the Clayton copula approaches to address dependence effects. The method of moments procedure is used to calibrate the copula dependence parameter and maximum likelihood estimation for the marginal specifications. Subsequently, the performance of the marginals is compared following the criteria values. The findings show that the Gumbel copula with logistic marginals appropriately accounts for the dependence effects. These research findings have significant implications for the valuation of joint-life policies to avoid pricing error
Empirical Performance of CART, C5.0 and Random Forest Classification Algorithms for Decision Trees
Authors: Orounla Bissilimou Racidatou , Sode Akoeugnigan Idelphonse , Salako Kolawole Valère , Glèlè Kakaï Romain
Published: October 2023

This study compares the performance of CART, C5.0 and Random Forest (RF) algorithms. 25 continuous predictors and 25 factors were simulated using a population size of 10,000. Based on this data, sample data were generated by varying the number of predictors, the proportion of categorical versus continuous predictors and the sample size. The performance of the tree algorithms increases with sample size and the number of variables, but for RF, it is highly greater than the one of CART and C5.0. Irrespective of the algorithms, the performance decreases when there are more categorical variables than continuous variables.
(Un)staþolfæstnes and its Problems: Grounding Minds in Early Medieval England
Authors: Veldhuizen Merel
Published: October 2023

The Old English text Solomon and Saturn includes a list of materials from which Adam, the first man, is made. A pound of cloud constitutes his modes unstaðelfæstnes [mind’s unsteadfastness / instability]. Various other texts from early medieval England also refer to the mod, or mind, as an intrinsically unstable and changeable entity, using key terms such as staðelfæst [grounded / stable] and staðolian [to ground / stabilise]. In many of these texts, this instability is mentioned as an inherent quality of mind. Instability, contingency and change are regarded as integral and typical features of the mind but equally, there are warnings for the waywardness of the mind. The literature frequently encourages readers to ground and maintain control over their minds. Sources recommend restraining and training the mind to ‘govern’ and ‘steer’ it, and they even refer to the possibility of finding mental stability in another foundation. This article considers these seemingly contradictory portrayals of minds and instructions for grounding them, and delivers a more nuanced conception of what (physical) freedom early medieval people would imagine their minds to have, and what foundations they considered helpful for grounding them.