bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinico-hematological study of leukemias in a hospital-based setup
Authors: Roy Sneha , Nath Sourav , Goswami Rashmi Rekha , Sheikh S. A.
Published: December 2021

Background: Leukemia, the malignant proliferation of hematopoietic cells, accounts for a major portion of cancer globally. Types of leukemia are necessary for effective therapy as prognosis, and survival rates are different for each type of leukemia. The objective of the study was to know the relative incidence of leukemia in Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Assam. This study also aims to know the clinical manifestations of leukemia and their hematological correlation.Methods: It was a retrospective study of 60 patients carried out in the Department of Pathology in SMCH, Assam, over a period of 2 years from April 2019 to March 2021. Diagnosis was based on peripheral blood count, peripheral blood smear and bone marrow examination for morphology, along with cytochemistry study whenever required.Results: In this study, acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. The most common form was CML followed by AML, ALL and then CLL. Male predominance was observed in this study with male: female ratio = 1.7:1. Conclusions: In our study, Acute leukemia was more prevalent than chronic leukemia. Leukemia affected male more than female. In this study, the frequency of AML is more than that of ALL but number of cases of CML exceeds that of AML.
Thoracic fascial planes blocks in operative bed of modified radical mastectomy and their role in alleviating post-mastectomy pain: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Abdelhalim Mohamed F. , Elbegawy Mohamed A.
Published: December 2021

Background: Proper pain management after modified radical mastectomy is crucial for improving postoperative outcomes, reducing tumor recurrence, enhancing anti-metastatic activity and achieving excellent patient`s satisfaction. Thoracic fascial planes (TFP) blocks are novel, and safe analgesia modalities to control postmastectomy pain. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of intraoperative TFP blocks for providing postoperative analgesia after modified radical mastectomy.Methods: During the period from March 2020 to April 2021, 30 females (ages 25–67 years) were scheduled for elective MRM and selected randomly to one of two groups; group-A included 15 patients who underwent MRM and anesthetized with both general anesthesia and regional anesthesia (TFP blocks), group-B included 15 patients who underwent MRM and anesthetized with only general anesthesia.Results: The group-A had statistically significantly lower pain scores. The time of first rescue nalbuphine dose post-operatively was statistically significantly longer in group-A compared to group-B. The total 24h nalbuphine consumption and postoperative non-steroidal ketorolac requirements/48h were significantly lower in group-A compared to group-B. Satisfaction score in group-A was statistically significantly better than that in group-B.Conclusions: Intraoperative thoracic fascial planes blocks are simple, safe, and highly effective analgesic modalities after breast surgery.
Cost effectiveness of routine histology for haemorrhoidectomy specimens
Authors: Watter Henry K. , Ng Guat Shi , Nalliah Sasikaran
Published: December 2021

Background: Routine histology for haemorrhoidectomy specimens remains commonplace in clinical practice, as a method of detecting incidental anal cancer. However, its utility and cost-effectiveness is unclear in the literature. This study aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of routine histology for haemorrhoidectomy specimens in a regional Australian hospital. The secondary aim was to determine the proportion of specimens sent for histology, and whether individual surgeons had a statistically significant preference for whether to send for histology.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who received haemorrhoidectomies at Hervey Bay Hospital between March 2012 and May 2020. Cost effectiveness of routine histology was investigated by weighing the number of incidental anal cancers detected against the cost of analysis. The proportion sent for histology was determined, both as a whole and by individual consultant surgeons.Results: Routine histology was ordered in 65% of patients who received haemorrhoidectomies over the study period (n=119), costing $13,623 AUD ($1,651 AUD per year). No cases of incidental anal dysplasia or neoplasia were found. Only 1 of the 8 most prolific surgeons over the study period demonstrated a statistically significant preference for whether to send for histology.Conclusions: Our study does not support routine histology for haemorrhoidectomy specimens as a cost-effective practice for detecting incidental anal cancer.  Most individual surgeons did not display a clear preference for whether to send for histology.
Computed tomography in intestinal obstruction: a tertiary care perspective from Northern India
Authors: Dogra Varun , Gupta Shyam , Gilkar Ishfaq Ahmad , Sandhu Silvi
Published: December 2021

Background: Intestinal obstruction is a very common surgical emergency faced today in surgical ERs (emergency rooms) all around the globe. With the advent of newer technology, management of intestinal obstruction has changed significantly. Today computed tomography (CT) employs both intravenous as well as oral contrast for determining the cause and the level of obstruction. It also gives additional information regarding any malignancy causing the obstruction, its staging and status of vessels. Thus, a surgeon can go in the procedure with a plan already in mind which can be discussed in detail with experienced surgeons beforehand.Methods: This was a prospective observational study that was done in department of surgery at GMC Jammu over a period of two years. Patients of intestinal obstruction who presented to our department were enrolled in this study. They were subjected to a contrast enhanced CT after due preparation and managed accordingly. Data was recorded in a tabulated fashion and evaluated.Results: After implementing the exclusion criteria’s, a total of 163 patients were included in this study, majority being males in the age group of 20-40 years. Major cause of intestinal obstruction was attributed to post-operative adhesions followed by band obstruction due to various cause. CT findings were seen to be quite significant in evaluation and management of intestinal obstruction. About 30 % of the patients enrolled in our study were treated conservatively while 70 % required operative intervention in form of exploratory laparotomy.Conclusions: Computed tomography is widely available now a days at a cheaper cost. It greatly increases the armamentarium of the surgeon in dealing with this condition. A lot many cases today are dealt conservatively due to high utilisation of CT scan. It also helps the surgeon to preoperatively plan a proper surgical approach
Association between multi nodular goitre and thyroid malignancy at a tertiary care centre
Authors: M. Sreenidhi G. , S. Jyothi
Published: December 2021

Background: Over the past few decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has dramatically increased. Thyroid malignancy in multinodular goitre is considered to be high and these occult malignancies are detected only in post operative histopathological analysis. The study helps in finding association between multinodular goitre and thyroid malignancy. Objective was to find the association between multinodular goitre and thyroid malignancy in those who underwent total thyroidectomy.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in department of general surgery, KIMS hospital, Bangalore. The 236 randomized cases of multinodular goitre who underwent total thyroidectomy were selected. Patients underwent thorough clinical examination pre operatively and were reassessed in post-operative period following surgery. Later, histopathology report on thyroidectomy specimen of the patients were obtained. This report was considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of thyroid malignancy.Results: Occult malignancies were commoner in middle aged females. Most of the patients in the study underwent total thyroidectomy. The prevalence of thyroid malignancy in our study was found to be 7.2%.  In the study, 17 incidental malignancies were papillary carcinomas. It revealed a highly significant relation between the lymphocytic thyroiditis and occult malignancy (p<0.0001)Conclusions: The prevalence of malignancy in multinodular goitre is 7.2%. The only variant of incidental malignancy detected in histopathological examination of excised thyroid was papillary carcinoma. There is a statistically significant association between presence of thyroiditis in preoperative FNA and presence of occult malignancy carcinoma.
Laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis: an objective scoring system as a tool for early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis
Authors: Saad Syed , P. Panchami , . Gulamnabi
Published: December 2021

Background: Necrotizing soft tissue infections are often fatal, characterized by extensive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissues and fascia. The mortality of 30-40% reflects the inadequacy of early recognition of necrotizing soft tissue infections. This study emphasizes on the search for a tool that reliably and rapidly identifies patients with NF. An objective of current study was to validate the LRINEC score as a tool for early distinguishing of necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections.Methods: Prospective clinical study analysis of outcome of sixty of patients with soft tissue infections were evaluated based on LRINEC. Based on their LRINEC score, the patients were categorized as low, intermediate and high risk for the onset of necrotizing fasciitis.Results: A total of 60 patients with soft tissue infections were prospectively evaluated and categorized on the basis of LRINEC score 45 patients in low risk category, 7 in Intermediate risk and 8 patients in high risk group. In terms of outcome, all cases (including positive tissue diagnosis cases) in low risk and intermediate risk groups and 2 cases in high risk group were improved with surgical debridement/fasciotomy. The cutoff of LRINEC ≥6 has better sensitivity and specificity in identifying the risk of the patient.Conclusions: LRINEC scoring system has a better positive predictive value in identifying the onset and risk strategizing of necrotizing fasciitis.
Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol versus conventional care in emergency abdominal trauma surgery: a prospective, randomised, controlled study
Authors: Dhiman Ajay Kumar , Jagne Nilesh , Uniyal Madhur , Kumar Ajay , Azam Quamar
Published: December 2021

Background: Since 1990s there has been a defined role of ERAS in elective surgeries, to optimize the peri-operative care, reducing post-operative complications and length of stay and hence, the overall costs. However, there is paucity of literature in its effectiveness in emergency trauma surgeries. The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility and outcomes of ERAS protocol in emergency abdominal surgery in the setting of trauma.Methods: Institutional IEC approved study. A prospective randomized of 52 patients with abdominal trauma undergoing emergency laprotomy were included in the study and divided into two groups: ERP and conventional group. The ERP included early feeding, early urinary catheter removal, early mobilization/physiotherapy, early intravenous line removal and early optimal oral analgesia. The primary end-points were the length of hospital stay and secondary end-points included complication rate and re-admission rate.Results: The two groups were comparable with regards to age, gender, mechanism of injury and ISS score. Hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ERAS group: 4.67 days verses 13.36 days (p<0.001). There were 15 and 11 complications in the control and study group respectively. When graded as per the Clavien-Dindo classification there was no significant difference in the 2 groups (p=0.306).Conclusions: This study shows that early recovery programs can be successfully implemented with significant shorter hospital stays without any increase in postoperative complications in trauma patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for abdominal trauma.
Incidence of tubercle of Zuckerkandl of the thyroid and it’s surgical relation with recurrent laryngeal nerve and the superior parathyroid gland
Authors: Puravankara Lemin Mohan , Gopi Ellikunnel Vithon
Published: December 2021

Background: This study was carried out with the objective to identify the tubercle of Zuckerkandl in patients undergoing thyroidectomy and to establish the relationship of TZN with the recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior parathyroid gland.Methods: 100 patients posted for thyroidectomy for various causes in Government medical college, Kozhikode for a period of 1 year between March 2014 and March 2015. 92 patients underwent total thyroidectomy, 4 patients underwent left hemithyroidectomy and 4 patients underwent right hemithyroidectomy. A total of 192 lobes i.e. 96 right lobes and 96 left lobes were studied.Results: Of the 100 patients studied TZN was identified in 63 (63%) patients. Of the 192 lobes studied, TZN was identified in 100 lobes (52.08%). This was 59 of 96 (61.40%) lobes on the right side and 41 of 96 (42.70%) lobes on the left side. Of the 92 Total Thyroidectomies, TZN was found bilaterally in 36 (39.10%) cases. RLN was identified ‘posteromedial’ in relation in 99 of the 100 (99%) TZNs studied and not visualized in relation to TZN in 1 (1%) case. The Superior Parathyroid was identified ‘superolateral’ in relation in 93 (93%), ‘lateral’ in 6 (6%) and ‘inferolateral’ in 1 (1%) of 100 TZNs studied.Conclusions: Zuckerkandl’s tubercle is a posterior extension of lateral lobes of the thyroid gland, maintains a constant relationship with the RLN and the superior parathyroid gland. It can be used as an anatomical landmark to assist in preservation of the RLN and the superior parathyroid gland during thyroid surgery.
Assessment of sentinel lymph node detection by radioisotope scan and methylene blue alone in operable oral cavity cancer to assess its accuracy for metastasis
Authors: Jain Arpit , Srivastava Surabhi , Gupta Anuj , Ledwani Naresh , Tiwari Shikha , Mutha Seema
Published: December 2021

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignancy affecting the oral cavity. It typically metastasizes into the regional cervical lymph nodes before spreading to distant organs.Methods: A prospective study on sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in early oral cancers using methylene blue dye and sentinel node localisation using pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative gamma probe in early oral cavity cancer.Results: Present study had a male to female ratio of 1.9:1, with (65.5%) male and (34.5%) female patients. Present study had a side distribution of disease more on left side with 138 patients (62.7%) and ratio of left to right was approximately 1.7:1. In present study most predominating gross morphological pattern of growth was ulcerative (35%) followed by ulcero-infilterative (25%). Buccal mucosa was the most common sub-site of origin of carcinoma in oral cavity, followed by tongue, with 83 (37.7%) and 64 (29.1%) patients. Identification rate of methylene blue dye was 91.7% (100 out of 109 patient). Identification rate of radionuclide tracer was 94.6% (105 out of 111 patient). In methylene blue dye group out of 103 metastatic sentinel lymph nodes, 9 metastatic sentinel lymph nodes were detected on IHC.Conclusions: With the above results it can be concluded the SLNB study is liable in detection of actual positive node and can avoid unnecessary neck dissections in patients with SCC with negative sentinel lymph node, as having very low risk of occult lymphatic metastases in the remaining lymphatic drainage.
Curative treatment of pancreatic functioning insulinoma with stereotactic ablative radiation therapy: case report
Authors: Alsuhaibani Aws Abdulrahman , Alsuhaibani Abdullah Abdulrahman , Hassan Tareq Salah
Published: December 2021

Insulinoma is the most common pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET). It is a rare disease account for 1-2% of pancreatic tumors and affect approximately up to 3 patients per million per year. complete surgical resection or debulking are standard of care option. However, surgery is associated with short and long-term post-operative morbidity and may not be appropriate for all patients. In This case we present management and cure of a case of functioning insulinoma with stereotactic ablative radiosurgery in an unfit patient for surgery.
A giant renal angiomyolipoma: a rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Bakhshi Girish D. , Venkateswaran Rajalakshmi , Dutt Aishwarya Sunil , Baligar Sushrut , Jha Madhu
Published: December 2021

Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are the most common benign tumours of the kidney that occur sporadically in 80% of the patients and are seen associated with genetic conditions such as tuberous sclerosis in rest of the patients. The diagnosis of renal AML pre-operatively have been made easier with the advent of good imaging modalities. The management of these tumours depends on factors such as size, clinical presentation, extent of parenchymal involvement and ranges from a wait and watch strategy to a radical nephrectomy. Herewith, we reported of a giant renal AML who presented with complaints of lump in abdomen with headache and palpitations. She was diagnosed to have a giant renal AML on imaging. The patient was managed with radical nephrectomy after renal AML. A brief case report with review literature was presented here.
Internal hernia through dual defects: defects in transverse mesocolon and lesser omentum a rare presentation: case report
Authors: Malpuri Venu Bharagava , Gurijala Prasanth , Yerrola Bhaskar Reddy , Ramavath Krishna , Lavudya Gopisingh
Published: December 2021

Internal hernias have the potential to cause small bowel obstruction. Congenital internal hernias are impossible to diagnose clinically and radiologically in asymptomatic patients. We presented a case of 36 years male with complaints of pain abdomen abdominal distension and vomiting, contrast-enhanced CT showed an internal hernia with small bowel obstruction. On exploration, small bowel loops were identified near the lesser curvature and they are congested an edema was present, a defect of 5×1 cm was identified in the transverse mesocolon and was managed by reducing the hernia sac and closure of the defect in the mesentery of the transverse colon. If the intervention was delayed internal hernia might lead to ischemia, gangrene increasing morbidity and mortality. Early intervention is the key to decrease morbidity and mortality.
Cat-scratch disease in young male: a case report
Authors: S. Nagamallesh C. , K. Yashashwini , M. Latha
Published: December 2021

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious disease caused by infected cat when it scratches a person hard enough to break the surface of skin. Although it’s a rare disease, the frequency of disease is 1 in 10,000 people. Here we are presenting a case of CSD which was diagnosed with the help of HPE and confirmed by history of scratch from patient’s pet cat. The patient was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy without any complications. However, prognosis is generally good, negligence of disease may lead to serious complications. A correlation of detailed history with clinical presentation as well as high index of suspicion will aid in accurate diagnosis of CSD.
The Path of Historian’s Life: to the 90th Anniversary of Academician Alexander Chubaryan
Authors: Mirzekhanov Velikhan
Published: December 2021

The article is dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the eminent Russian historian and science manager, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Alexander O. Chubaryan. The article provides overview of the scholar’s scientific activities against a broad historical background, reveals the main episodes of his intellectual biography. The article analyzes the main research directions of Alexander Chubaryan, characterizes his activities as a science manager, in particular as a director of the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Serious attention is paid to the role of Alexander Chubaryan in establishing international relations of the Institute, the development of science diplomacy, strengthening contacts with foreign colleagues and organizations.
“The Principal Russian Church in America”: from the History of Saint Nicholas Russian Orthodox Cathedral in the City of New York
Authors: Pechatnov Vladimir
Published: December 2021

Based on previously unearthed documents from the Russia’s State Historical Archive and the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire the article explores the history of the first Russian Orthodox parish in New York City and construction of Saint-Nickolas Russian Orthodox Cathedral in the city. It was a protracted and complicated interagency process that involved Russian Orthodox mission in the United States, Russia’s Foreign Ministry and its missions in the United States, the Holy Governing Synod, Russia’s Ministry of Finance and the State Council. The principal actors were the bishops Nicholas (Ziorov) and especially Tikhon (Bellavin), Ober-Prosecutor of the Holy Governing Synod Konstantine Pobedonostsev and Reverend Alexander Khotovitsky. This case study of the Cathedral history reveals an interaction of ecclesiastical and civil authorities in which private and civic initiative was combined with strict bureaucratic rules and procedures.
France and Russia from 1892 to the Present Day: Looking Back on a “Sinusoidal” Relationship
Authors: Rey Marie-Pierre
Published: December 2021

The contribution endeavors to demonstrate that Franco-Russian relations in the long run have never been linear and that despite a cultural proximity linked to the Francophonie and Francophilia of the Russian elites, political relations have been much more fraught and even conflictual. However, from the last third of the 19th century, a rapprochement took place which led to a military alliance that was brutally ended by the October Revolution.   Decades of distrustful and tense relations followed, before General de Gaulle, from 1965—1966, embarked on a policy of détente, understanding and cooperation beyond the differences of political regimes. It is this Gaullian “paradigm” that remains the key word in Franco-Russian relations to this day.
Foreign Policy and Peacekeeping Initiatives of the Vatican in the Second Half of the 1930s — Early 1940s in the Reflection of the Soviet Press
Authors: Tokareva Evgenia
Published: December 2021

In the extremely difficult international situation of the second half of the 1930s, relations between the USSR and the Vatican occupied a very insignificant place. This is partly why the sources that would cover this problem more prominently are very scarce. Under these conditions, the Soviet press becomes an important and still insufficiently appreciated source. With the general strict censorship of the press of this period, it allows us to identify various, but sometimes quite significant nuances of perception of the Vatican policy in the Soviet Union. The first event that influenced some reassessment of the image of the Vatican was the VII Congress of the Comintern, held in 1935, which put forward the tactics of a united front, which assumed, among other things, cooperation with confessional organizations of workers, and even with the petty-bourgeois strata of the population. In the light of this new tactic, a certain line is beginning to be drawn, albeit almost imperceptibly and even, perhaps, unwittingly, between the Vatican as a political force and the national structures of the Catholic Church. A more noticeable reassessment of the image of the Vatican took place in 1938, when the differences between Italian fascism, German Nazism, on the one hand, and the Vatican, on the other, on racial problems and on the issue of the persecution of the Catholic Church became obvious and could not fail to attract the attention of Soviet diplomats and, following them, the Soviet press. The subsequent election of Pope Pius XII to the papal throne in 1939 allows us to strengthen this line and enrich it with attention to the Vatican's peacemaking policy. But the conclusion of the Molotov — Ribbentrop pact once again returns the image of the Vatican to its supposedly political conjuncture, but this time in the interests of the other side, which has now become the main opponent of the USSR, i. e. England and France. And only the German attack on the USSR allows for a brief moment to see the possibility of forming a different image of the Vatican, an opponent of racism and fascism in all its manifestations. A careful reading of the press allows us to draw a preliminary conclusion about the absence of a clearly developed and formulated position of the governing bodies of the Soviet Union in relation to the Vatican, which varied, albeit slightly, depending on changes in the foreign policy interests of the Soviet state.
Performance Evaluation of PV Panel Configurations Considering PSC’s for PV Standalone Applications
Authors: Kumar Asadi Suresh , Reddy Vyza Usha
Published: December 2021

One of the major concerns for continuous solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is partial shading. The movement of clouds, shadow of buildings, trees, birds, litter and dust, etc., can lead to partial shadow conditions (PSCs). The PSCs have caused inconsistent power losses in the PV modules. This leads to a shortage of electricity production and the presence in the PV curve of several peaks. One of the simplest solutions to PSC’s is the PV configurations. The objective of this paper is modelling and simulation of solar PV system in various shading scenarios for KC200GT 200 W, 5 x 5 configurations that includes Series/Parallel (SP), Total-Cross-Tied (TCT), Triple-Tied (TT), Bridge-Link (BL) configurations. Real time PSC’s such as corner, center, frame, random, diagonal, right side end shading conditions are evaluated under all PV array configurations. A comparative analysis is carried out for the parameters such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum power point, panel mismatch losses, fill factor, efficiency under all PV configurations considering PSC’s. From the comparison analysis best configuration will be presented.
Discrete Event Systems Fault’s Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Feed-Forward Neural Networks
Authors: Omar Amri , Mohamed Fri , Mohammed Msaaf , Fouad Belmajdoub
Published: December 2021

The elaboration and development of monitoring (diagnostic and prognostic) tools for industrial systems has been one of the main concerns of the researchers for many years, so that many researches and studies have been developed and proposed, especially concerning discrete event systems (DES), which occupy an important class of industrial systems. However, the use of modeling tools to ensure these operations become a complex and exhausting task, while the complexity of industrial systems has been increasing incessantly. Therefore, the development of more and more sophisticated techniques is required. In this context, the use of artificial neural networks (NN) seems interesting, because thanks to their automatics and intelligent algorithms, the NN could handle perfectly DES diagnosis and prognosis problems. For this purpose, in the following papers, we propose an intelligent approach based on feed-forward neural network, which will deal with fault diagnosis and prognosis in DES, so that the events generated by the DES, will be presented and analyzed by the neural network in real-time, in order to perform an online diagnosis and prognosis.
Artificial Neural Networks Direct Torque Control of Single Inverter Feed Two Induction Motors
Authors: Elbachir Kouadria Mohamed , Ahmed Azaiz
Published: December 2021

Nowadays the multi-inverter multi-machine conventional system takes a great interest of industrials like railway traction. The implementation of single inverter to dual motor makes all the system cheaper; soft operation, more robust and reliable; This paper is one of control methods proposed in the literature to improve performance of this system, a master slave and average control based in artificial neural networks direct torque control of bi asynchronous motors supplied by single three level inverter NPC is discussed. The result of theoretical analysis is tested with MATLAB SIMULINK environment. And through that, the possibility of DTC single inverter multi-motor system has been verified.
Real-Time High Performance of Induction Motor Drive Using Hybrid Fuzzy-Sliding Mode Controllers
Authors: Debbagh Amar Bouayad , Bendjebbar Mokhtar , Benslimane Mohamed , Zerikat Mokhtar , Allali Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Obtaining the required performance, stability, and robustness in real-time control of induction motors usually requires the use of complex controllers, however through multiple experimentations, many challenges have arisen from such methods. The complex structure of control methods in real-time applications is usually computationally challenging and energy consuming, hence the need for a simple control strategy to overcome these challenges, in this paper, we focus on designing an advanced hybrid control strategy with a simple design applied to an induction motor. Mainly, the hybrid controller used in this study has the benefits of joining the best performance of both fuzzy logic controller and sliding mode controller, specifically designed to handle each phase separately, the transition phase and the steady phase. A fuzzy controller intervenes as a supervisor in our control structure, more specifically it manages the switch from one type of control to the other taking into account the intervention phase of each type of controller by commanding the rate of both controllers. Control performance analysis was carried out in a real experimental setup to validate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed hybrid controller and confirm its effectiveness in handling the compromise between overshoot and response time.
Signs and meanings of sacrifice in J. K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone”
Authors: Serikov Andrei E. , Ryabov Vladimir S.
Published: December 2021

The article discusses symbolic means that express different meanings of the victim concept and the idea of sacrifice in J. K. Rowlings novel Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone. The books title refers to the alchemical understanding of a philosophers stone as a means of immortality. Since the main purpose of the sacrifice rite is the magic of the appropriate death and rebirth essence, i.e. immortality, the philosophers stone can be interpreted as a symbol of sacrifice, and the stages of obtaining it as the rite stages of selection and preparation of the future victim for her / his sacralization or sanctification. There are at least two criteria for a typical victim, and they are the ones that determine the purity of a soul: the degree of innocence and the severity of the suffering. On a symbolic level the novel describes the transformation of a victim into sacrifice the essence of which is the soul purification. Only innocent victims, who have suffered personally but at the same time did not make other people suffer intentionally, may become a sacrifice. The main characteristic feature of Harry Potter as the novels protagonist is his readiness for self-sacrifice, which consists of such components as absence of greed and desire for power, as well as the ability to love, to overcome suffering and fear, to take risks and pose a challenge to prohibitions in the name of love, accepting both victories and defeats.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DA LAGOA DE CIMA – CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES/RJ, ATRAVÉS DE PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS, MICROBIOLÓGICOS E ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA MULTIVARIADA
Authors: De Sousa Annelise Martins , Da Silva Kaique Carvalho , Nunes Carolina Ramos de Oliveira , Dos Santos Luis Felipe Umbelino , Araújo Thiago Moreira de Rezende
Published: December 2021

O uso excessivo da água em atividades antrópicas consiste em uma ameaça a sua quantidade e qualidade, tornando-se fundamental o monitoramento constante de parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos para determinar o grau de interferência dessas atividades em um corpo hídrico. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar parâmetros de qualidade de água da Lagoa de Cima, localizada em Campos dos Goytacazes/RJ, por meio de parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos. As amostras foram coletadas no mês de abril/2019, em seis pontos distribuídos na lagoa e foram analisados vinte e quatro parâmetros de qualidade de água. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise multivariada de dados, especificamente a Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA). Os valores de pH apresentaram variação de 6,85 ± 0,01 a 7,06 ± 0,01, mantendo-se bem próximo da neutralidade. Dos íons analisados, os que predominam na Lagoa de Cima são o sódio, o cálcio e o cloreto. Quanto às análises microbiológicas, foi possível observar que o Ponto 1 (P1) foi o que apresentou os maiores valores de coliformes totais, termotolerantes e Escherichia coli. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os parâmetros analisados se encontram dentro dos limites estabelecidos pela Resolução CONAMA nº 357/05, para água doce classe 2. As análises de PCA demonstraram que o P1 foi o que apresentou características mais distintas dos demais. Resultados como esses corroboram a importância do monitoramento da qualidade da água da Lagoa de Cima, visando sua conservação e seu uso sustentável.Palavras-chave: Recursos hídricos. Gestão ambiental. Indicadores. PCA.
EFICÁCIA DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS NO CONTROLE DE Amblyomma cajennense (FABRICIUS, 1787) - ACARI: IXODIDAE
Authors: Menezes Vanessa Ferreira de , Lima Renato Abreu , Silva Ivanir Alves da , Sampaio Adeilza Felipe , Moura Osvanda Silva de
Published: December 2021

O carrapato Amblyomma cajennense é responsável por grandes perdas econômicas na pecuária bovina, principalmente nas raças de origem européia, predominantes no Sul do Brasil. Seu controle nas regiões tropicais representa um desafio devido à rápida proliferação e a resistência dos parasitas aos produtos convencionais, estimulando a busca por alternativas menos tóxicas de controle. Esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar a utilização de extratos de plantas como alternativas para carrapaticidas sintéticos. A metodologia utilizada foi realização de destilação simples dos materiais vegetais. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos pelos grupos controle negativo, água destilada e positivo, além da solução de extratos de A. occidentale, P. aduncum e M. citrifolia. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade do erro. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída de cinco indivíduos de A. cajennense. Para avaliar o efeito dos extratos brutos dos vegetais, foram utilizados todos os indivíduos vivos de A. cajennense coletados e classificados taxonomicamente. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que, os tratamentos mais eficientes foram: Anacardium occidentale L. e Piper aduncum L. que apresentaram eficiência de 80% e 90%, respectivamente. Porém, a eficiência mais baixa foi do Morinda citrifolia L. (20%). Os testes indicaram que Piper aduncum e Anacardium occidentale L. podem, portanto, reduzir a quantidade de carrapatos em um sistema de produção orgânica.
DIAGNÓSTICO AMBIENTAL DA MICROBACIA DO MUTUM, NA APA DO RIO UBERABA, MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Araújo Larissa Sene , Castro Silvia Cristina , Santos Carla Eloísa Diniz , Senhuk Ana Paula Milla dos Santos , Anhê Ana Carolina Borella Marfil
Published: December 2021

A crise mundial da água não se limita em sua disponibilidade, mas também na qualidade da água superficial, que embora em abundância em certas regiões, não é devidamente preservada. A APA do rio Uberaba foi criada principalmente para manutenção dos recursos hídricos para abastecimento público. Contudo, observa-se mudanças no uso e ocupação do solo, resultado da expansão agropecuária nos últimos anos, aumentando a fragmentação florestal, o que favorece o assoreamento e compromete a disponibilidade de água. Assim, o presente estudo realizou o diagnóstico ambiental da microbacia do Mutum, inserida na APA, por meio de biomonitoramento com macroinvertebrados bentônicos, análises visuais, microbiológicas e físico-químicas. Os valores dos parâmetros físico-químicos não ultrapassaram os limites estabelecidos para rios de classe II, com exceção dos metais: Cd, Cu, Fe e Ni, os quais podem ser oriundos de disposição inadequada de resíduos, lixiviação de agrotóxicos e tipo de rocha. A degradação ambiental foi constatada pela aplicação do Protocolo de Avaliação Rápida de Rios (PAR) e confirmada pela presença de E. coli nas amostras de água e pela avaliação dos macroinvertebrados bentônicos. Os índices biológicos mostraram baixa diversidade de táxons e elevada dominância de quironomídeos, larvas de insetos resistentes a estresses ambientais. O ponto com maior estabilidade das margens e proteção pela vegetação ripária apresentou os melhores índices biológicos. Por se tratar de uma Unidade de Conservação de uso sustentável, constituída por propriedades privadas, a qualidade ambiental deve ser monitorada e incentivada na região para que a APA possa manter os serviços ambientais prestados.
ABD-ÇİN REKABETİNDE TEK KUTUPLULUKTAN ÇOK KUTUPLULUĞA GEÇİŞ ANALİZİ: GÖÇ BAĞLAMINDA ASYA-PASİFİK ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: GÜNEŞ İlyas , MEMİSOGLU Fulya
Published: December 2021

Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin (Çin) yükselişi Asya-Pasifik bölgesinde güç dengelerini sarsmış ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin (ABD) hegemon güç olduğu ‘tek kutuplu’ uluslararası sisteme karşı ‘çok kutuplu’ sistem teorisi gibi yeni alternatif yaklaşımların ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Çin’in ekonomik alanda yakaladığı başarı sonucunda ABD’nin yerine halef olarak görülmesi ABD-Çin rekabetini uluslararası alanda merkezileştirmiştir. Bu rekabet sadece ekonomik alanla sınırlı kalmayarak askerî ve kültürel alanlara da yayılmıştır. Bu çalışma uluslararası göçü ABD-Çin rekabetini etkileyen unsurlardan biri olarak değerlendirerek, uluslararası göçün Asya-Pasifik’teki güç dengeleri üzerindeki rolünü incelemektedir. Çalışmada uluslararası göçün özellikle kültür ve ekonomi alanlara etkisi ön plana çıkartılarak ABD ve Çin’in Asya-Pasifik bölgesindeki nüfuz bölgeleri ve yayılma alanları detaylandırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda göçün Çin-Myanmar ilişkileri, ABD-Filipinler ilişkileri ve bölgesel güç Japonya’nın nüfuz alanı üzerindeki rolü irdelenmektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları uluslararası göçün, uluslararası sistemde süregelen güç rekabeti üzerinde ne ölçüde etkin olduğuna yönelik akademik tartışmalara katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
ЦИФРОВИЙ МАРКЕТИНГ ЯК ВАЖЛИВИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТНОЇ ПОЗИЦІЇ БАНКУ
Authors: Гірченко Тетяна , Пархоменко Карина
Published: December 2021

Анотація. Метою статті є формування науково-методичних підходів до забезпечення конкуренто-спроможності банків на основі дослідження ролі та значення інноваційних технологій і цифровогомаркетингу. Проаналізовано особливості розвитку інноваційної складової забезпечення конкуренто-спроможності банків. Досліджено теоретичні підходи до визначення сутності поняття «цифровий мар-кетинг» та основні методи і засоби, які він використовує. Розглянуто методичні підходи до оцінки кон-курентоспроможності банку в умовах упровадження цифрового маркетингу. Обгрунтовано, що системаоцінки конкурентоспроможності в системі цифрового маркетингу може складатися з таких традицій-них (класичних) і новітніх (специфічних) медіа-показників: охоплення — частка цільової аудиторії, якапідлягала впливу рекламного повідомлення в певний проміжок часу; новітні показники інтерактивноївзаємодії: наведення курсора — рух курсора по інтерактивному об’єкту; клік; переходи; генерованийкористувачем контент; реєстрації в CMS-системі. Визначено головну мету і завдання щодо посиленняконкурентноспроможності банку на основі впровадження цифрового маркетингу, до яких віднесено:оновлення відділень у новому дизайні та новому функціональному концепті відповідно до сучаснихпотребклієнтів; значне вдосконалення досвіду та підвищення задоволеності клієнтів від співпраціз банком; упровадження змін моделей продажів та сервісу клієнтів із використанням сучасних електроннихпристроїв для забезпечення активного залучення нових клієнтів; збільшення продажів і просуван-ня онлайн-продуктів банку. Проаналізовано вплив цифрового маркетингу на конкурентну позиціюбанку на прикладі АТ «Райффазен Банк Аваль» у розрізі фінансових інновацій.Ключові слова: конкуренція; конкурентоспроможність; цифровий маркетинг; інновації; банкінг.Формул: 0; рис.: 1; табл.: 4; бібл.: 9.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ РІВНЯ ЖИТТЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ
Authors: Томчук-Пономаренко Наталія
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article considers theoretical approaches to determining the living standards of the population inthe system of socio-economic relations. The modern understanding of the standard of living through the prismof the evolution of scientific views is substantiated. The author’s understanding of the standard of living and wellbeingof the population is revealed, the place of these categories in the system of social and economic relationsis determined. Approaches to the analysis of living standards with the identification of their advantages anddisadvantages are analyzed and generalized. The conceptual apparatus of the category «standard of living», theratio of the categories «welfare», «quality of life», «way of life» have been improved; the definition of the category«social welfare» as a socio-economic category, which includes economic, social, institutional, environmental,psychological, cultural and historical characteristics of living conditions, to identify the main trends in societyand develop practical tools for further socio-economic growth countries. The term «well-being» in the studyof well-being, researchers often refer to a person’s feelings and perceptions of health and personal happiness,which distinguishes it from other components of well-being. The study of living standards through the prismof modern processes of economic growth is taking into account certain categories (objectivity, subjectivity,levels and regimes) with an emphasis on ensuring balance (sustainability of welfare). Various methods of
welfare assessment have been proposed in foreign and domestic science, the generalization of which allowedto identify four modern approaches to its analysis — based on the adjusted value of Gross Domestic Product,weighing indicators, integrated assessment and sociological assessments. It remains important to establisha holistic methodology for assessing living standards in order to identify its relationship with economic, includingfinancial, determinants at different institutional and spatial levels — the state, region, community, household.Keywords: welfare, standard of living, living conditions, poverty, way of life, situation of the population.JEL Classification D63, F66, I31Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 16.
Enhancing the Pedagogical Competence of Inclusive School Teachers in Handling Children with Special Needs
Authors: Rudiyati Sari , Pamungkas Bayu , Phytanza Diajeng Tyas Pinru
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to: 1) analyze the level of pedagogic competence of inclusive school teachers in dealing with children with special needs; 2) carry out activities to increase this competence; and 3) investigate the impact of these activities. An action research design was used. Data were collected through pretest and posttest questionnaire instruments and interviews. Two cycles of activities to increase the level of pedagogic competence were carried out: cycle 1 involved training and cycle 2 involved a workshop. The results showed that the training and workshops were effective in improving the pedagogic competence of inclusive school teachers in dealing with children with special needs and in improving the skills of teachers in preparing learning tools according to the learning needs of students, and this effect was significant.
Keywords: teacher pedagogical competencies, inclusive schools, children with special needs
The Managerial and Supervisory Competency Levels of Public Elementary School Principals
Authors: Purwanto Nurtanio Agus , Andriani Dwi Esti , Suyud Suyud
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the managerial and supervisory competency levels of public elementary school principals in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 90 public elementary school principals. The data were analysed using a quantitatve approach. The results showed that the managerial competency level of these school principals was good. Continuing professional development (CPD) programs for principals are needed to further improve their competency levels. In addition, these CPD programs should focus on leadership rather than school management skills as the characteristics of the principal job have changed significantly.
Keywords: school principals, principal managerial competency, principal supervisory competency
The Opinions of Junior High School Students About the Implementation of the Child-Friendly School Program
Authors: Surya Priadi , Purwanto Nurtanio Agus , Yuliana Lia , Suharyadi Aris , Prasojo Lantip Diat
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to examine the opinions of students about the implementation of the Child-Friendly School program in Public Junior High School 15 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia during the first generation of implementing the program. Understanding the perspectives of the students is important for ensuring that the program is successfully implemented. The study applied a qualitative approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of six questions in narrative form. Ten students participated. The questionnaire was conducted through Google Forms due to the social distancing policies in place because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. The main findings showed that students perceived that: (1) the program emphasised fulfilling child-rights; (2) the principal was the main actor explaining the program; (3) the principal suggested implementing the program in regards to children development stages; (4) teachers implemented the program through active child-centred, creative, effective and joyful approaches; (5) administration staff implemented the program by providing supporting services with etiquette education for students; and (6) in general, the program was well implemented, since students felt comfortable to express their thoughts and felt safe at school.
 
Keywords: Child-Friendly School, school management, program, student voice
The Effectiveness of Simulation Games in Improving Interpersonal Communication among the Scouts of SMAN 1 Wanadadi Banjarnegara
Authors: Ridlwan Faishal , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: December 2021

A game simulation can help to improve interpersonal communication skills when the game involves interaction in groups. The lack of communication between the scouts of SMAN 1 Wanadadi Banjarnegara results in activities not running as planned. This study aimed to investigate how interpersonal communication among these scouts could be improved through simulation games. The study employed an experimental method with a quantitative approach and pre-experimental design. The research subjects included nine scouts with the lowest level of interpersonal communication skills. The results showed that there was a difference in the scouts’ interpersonal communication before and after the simulation games were implemented. The average score of the scouts’ interpersonal communication was higher after they played the simulation games (106.67 > 94.33), and this difference was statistically significant. This showed that there was a significant increase in the interpersonal communication skills of scouts after they participated in the simulation games.
Keywords: interpersonal communication, simulation games