bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivasi Belajar Daring di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: I Made Mahaardhika  , I Dewa Ayu Eka Purba Dharma Tari
Published: August 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 mengubah tatanan kehidupan termasuk aktivitas sekolah. Kebijakan pemerintah yang mewajibkan sekolah untuk pembelajaran online menemui beberapa kendala. Perubahan ini mempengaruhi banyak aspek dalam diri peserta didik, termasuk motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh pembelajaran online terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas XI. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling dengan jumlah sampel adalah 113 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket pembelajaran online dan angket pembelajaran motivasional. Dari analisis data diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran online terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil ini menjadi rekomendasi untuk perlunya dikembangkan kebijakan perbaikan kualitas pembelajaran online pada pada aspek guru, fasilitas, dan siswa.
The Dependency Challenge to (Dispositional) Theories of Domination
Authors: Palynchuk Matthew ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: August 2022

In this article, I defend two claims about domination. The first is that dispositional theories, which hold that domination obtains just in case one has the ability to interfere with another, are not compelling in accounting for the domination of persons with severe cognitive disabilities. This is because these accounts fall victim to, what I call, the dependency challenge. The second claim is that exercise theories of domination, which hold that domination obtains only when one has actually interfered with another, more plausibly account for the domination of persons with severe cognitive disabilities.
Editorial: JCMS Special Issue of the first Conference on AI Music Creativity
Authors: Plut Cale , Pasquier Philippe , Jordanous Anna
Published: August 2022

The International conference on AI Music Creativity (AIMC, https://aimusiccreativity.org/) is the merger of the international workshop on Musical Metacreation MUME (https://musicalmetacreation.org/) and the conference series on Computer Simulation of Music Creativity (CSMC, https://csmc2018.wordpress.com/). This special issue gathers selected papers from the first edition of the conference along with paper versions of two of its keynotes.This special issue contains six papers that apply novel approaches to the generation and classification of music. Covering several generative musical tasks such as composition, rhythm generation, orchestration, as well as some machine listening task of tempo and genre recognition, these selected papers present state of the art techniques in Music AI. The issue opens up with an ode on computer Musicking, by keynote speaker Alice Eldridge, and Johan Sundberg's use of analysis-by-synthesis for musical applications.
A Teaching Model to Raise Awareness of Sustainability Using Geoinformation
Authors: Puertas Aguilar Miguel Ángel , Conway Brendan , De Lázaro Torres María Luisa , De Miguel González Rafael , Donert Karl , Linder-Fally Michaela , Parkinson Alan , Prodan Diana , Wilson Sophie , Zwartjes Luc
Published: August 2022

The increase in geoinformation and its integrated use in cloud-based geographic information systems, or Web GIS, facilitates visualization of data and helps to improve our understanding of socio-economic factors as well as the natural landscape. Effective application of these tools in the classroom requires a change in teachers’ pedagogies. Thus, a review of existing pedagogies and a brief questionnaire given to teachers with lots of experience of using Web GIS, was carried out in order to identify how they were integrating online interactive maps into their teaching to make learning more effective. The results led to the development of a series of learning scenarios, or vignettes. These all use the visualization provided by online maps, to encourage more critical and reasoned learning. They also contribute to educating for sustainability, as they highlight trends and interrelationships that are intended to promote transformative action, beyond the theoretical knowledge and application of the Sustainable Development Goals. Direct observation in teacher training classrooms and detailed discussion over each result obtained has validated a teaching model. To support the use of these materials and the application of the model, a training course has been designed for teachers who are new to the profession or those who are interested in integrating these tools into their teaching. To date, trainee teachers who have been introduced to the model have expressed their satisfaction with this new way of working in secondary classrooms.
A High-Speed Towed Planing Vehicle
Authors: Coakley David B. , Holt William M.
Published: August 2022

A wave-following towed planing vehicle operates in head seas, Sea State l and 2, at speeds in excess of l 6 knots (824 m/s). The as-built beam of the vehicle is either 4.25 in (10.8 cm) or 7.75 in (19.7 cm), for the two configurations; V-hull (deadrise pointing outboard) or catamaran (deadrise of each hull pointing inboard). Thus the Froude number is in excess of 8.1 or 5.9, respectively. For stable operation the vehicle requires a tail attached to the stem of its deck. The most successful tail tested consists of several feet of cord tied to a materially dense truncated cone or drogue, which provides drag as it plows through the water.

The vehicle is apparently always stable in calm seas. In head seas, the stability of the vehicle depends on the cable angle (the angle measured between the freestream flow direction and the tangent to the tow cable) where the cable attaches to the body. The vehicle is apparently always stable at speeds up to 22 knots (11.3 m/s) at cable angles above 0.185 radians (10.6 arc degrees). At smaller cable angles the vehicle is apparently stable up to 16 knots (824 m/s) in head seas. Tow cable tension measurements reveal tension between 180 and 360 N ( 40 and 80 lb), with tension spikes occurring at frequencies approximately equal to the wave encounter frequency. Heave and roll acceleration measurements on the vehicle indicate average acceleration values of approximately 4-6 g's, with spikes up to 12 g's.
Design Method for Foil Assisted 26 ft. Catamaran
Authors: Latorre R. G. , Onas Adrian S.
Published: August 2022

One method to improve high-speed catamaran performance is to fit transverse hydrofoils between catamaran hulls. These foil result in decreased catamaran resistance from reduced hull draft and reduced wetted surface. To develop workable designs it is necessary to size the hydrofoils to support the hull. This paper presents a design method developed for sizing the hydrofoils and two examples.
A 3-D Euler Solver and its Application on the Analysis of Cavitating Propellers
Authors: Choi Jin Keun , Kinnas Spyros A.
Published: August 2022

An Euler solver, based on a finite volume approach, is developed and applied to the prediction of the effec­tive wake for propellers subject to non-axisymmetric inflows. The method is coupled with an existing lifting-surface vortex-lattice method for the analy­sis of unsteady cavitating propeller flows. An axi­symmetric and a fully three-dimensional version of the method are presented. The results are validated against analytical solutions from potential flow and actuator disk theory. The effect of the grid parame­ters on the results ( circumferential average and am­plitudes of harmonics of the predicted effective wake) is found to be very weak. The predicted total veloc­ity field correlates very well with that measured in propeller experiments in axisymmetric flow.
Development of a New Large Amplitude Planar Motion Mechanism at IMD
Authors: Spencer Don , Williams M.
Published: August 2022

A new multi-purpose planar motion mechanism bas been commissioned for use at the Institute for Marine Dynamics in St John's. The mechanism has the capability of being installed in either the clear water towing tank or the ice tank allowing for the first time maneuvering studies in ice to be made in a systematic manner. The paper describes the features of the PMM, its instrumentation, digital control system, and analysis techniques used.

The addition of the PMM compliments IMD's NAVSIM manoeuvring simulation software which is also briefly described. The PMM has a modular construction allowing it to serve multi-purpose applications in ice such as towing structures or buoys in curvilinear paths. The paper also describes a selection of conventional and non­conventional experiments conducted to date.
Recent Work at the NUWC/NASA Langley Seawater Tow Tank
Authors: Henoch Charles , Beauchamp Charles , Philips Richard , Dow Eric , Nuttall Gene , Brown Duncan
Published: August 2022

The Langley seawater tow tank, located on Langley Airbase in Hampton, Virginia, was designed and built by NACA in 1931 for seaplane research and has been in various states of use since then. Since 1983, NUWC has maintained stewardship of the tank and has conducted a large number of tests there. This paper will present an overview of the facility and its capabilities as well as discuss several recent test results.

The tank is reinforced concrete, 2880 feet long, 12 feet deep, and 24 feet wide, and can be filled with 5.4 million gallons of either fresh or baywater. Baywater can be filtered to 25 microns and has a salinity about half that of seawater. The carriage is powered by eight 75 hp D.C. motors with trolley style cables and can attain speeds of up to 40 knots. Power is generated by a 850 kW motor generator. Several struts exist for model towing and the carriage bas 110/120 V.A.C. and 3 phase 208 A.C. volt available power. A workshop is in the building and a variety of instrumentation and data acquisition is on hand.

Unique possibilities exist at the LTT due to the organic and physical properties of seawater. For example, one of the largest ever artificial colonies of plankton was grown there. Furthermore, because of the electrical conductivity of the water, research into the control of turbulent flows by magnetohydrodynamic forces can be, and bas been, performed there. To illustrate the variety of test configurations an capabilities, results are presented from three recent test programs performed at the tank.

The first will be the set-up and test results of a fully submerged axisymmetric 180 inch long cylindrical sting mounted model. The test rig will be shown including the floating swing balance which is coupled to an axial load cell. Test results will be shown for hydrodynamic resistance versus speed at zero and non-zero attack angles.

The second set of results shown will be those of a towed cylindrical body equipped with remotely actuated hydrodynamic drag brakes which was released in flight an allowed to come to rest Drag measurements made at different drag brake settings and speeds will be presented as well as photographic documentation.

Finally, a recent set of test results will be presented; taken on a submerged cylindrical body, strut mounted to a 6 degree of freedom load balance. Results to be presented will include force and moment measurements as a function of speed and attack angle.
IIHR Towing-Tank Wavemaker
Authors: Longo Joe , Rhee Shin-Hyung , Kuhl Dave , Metcalf Bryson , Stem Fred
Published: August 2022

A description is provided of the acqms1tton and calibration of a plunger wavemaker for the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research 100x3.048x3.048 m towing tank. The collaboration procedure determines the wavemaker response function, i.e., nature of generated waves over range of single (regular waves) or multiple (irregular waves) input plunger frequencies, strokes, and phase angles. Capacitance wires are used to measure wave time. histories, which are analyzed (using average wave crests and troughs, Fast Fourier Transforms, and Fourier series) for evaluation of wave amplitudes and frequencies. Only regular waves are investigated for input frequencies and strokes corresponding to wavelengths 0.5-6.0 m and steepnesses 0.025-0.3. The uncertainty assessment methodology follows the AIAA Standard S--071-1995.

The results indicate that the primary frequency wave frequency response is equal to the input wavemaker frequency within the uncertainty in the data and analysis, i.e., 1-3% for low-high frequency, whereas the primary frequency wave amplitude significantly exceeds the wavemaker stroke for most wavelengths and steepnesses. The wavemaker meets the design requirements and limits. The response function is less than the theoretical prediction used in its design. The certainty in the wave-elevation measurement is small compared to the magnitude and trends of the primary frequency amplitude response such that the magnitudes and trends exhibited are much larger than the noise. The sub-frequency amplitudes are small, except for small wavelength and steepness. The super-frequency amplitudes are also small. but do show the trend of increasing with wave steepness and correlate with second-order Stokes wave theory.
Unique Calibration of a "5-hole" Pitot Rake and Application for Wake Survey
Authors: Brown Neal A.
Published: August 2022

A rake of five “5-hole" directional Pitot tubes (actually "6-hole" because static taps are included) was calibrated for angular sensitivity, as well as velocity, in a towing tank. This was; accomplished by deploying the rake on a tubular shaft out of the bow of a propeller boat. Combinations of propeller boat yaw angle and rotation angle of the rake shaft provided a full and systematic coverage of flow angles in tangential and radial planes of each probe. Thirty single ended pressure transducers were used, one for each hole in each of five probes, to measure pressures. The transducers resided below the waterline, making air purging practical. Calibration required forty one runs.
The Future of Competitive Strategy
Authors: Subramaniam Mohan
Published: August 2022

How legacy firms can combine their traditional strengths with the power of data and digital ecosystems to forge a new competitive strategy for the digital era.

How can legacy firms remain relevant in the digital era? In The Future of Competitive Strategy, strategic management expert Mohan Subramaniam explains how firms can leverage both their traditional strengths and the modern-day power of data and digital ecosystems to forge a new competitive strategy. Drawing on the experiences of a range of companies, including Caterpillar, Sleep Number, and Whirlpool, he explains how firms can benefit from data's enlarged role in modern business, develop digital ecosystems tailored to their unique business needs, and use new frameworks to harness the power of data for competitive advantage.

Subramaniam presents digital ecosystems as a combination of production and consumption ecosystems, which can be used by legacy firms to unlock the value of data at various levels—from improving operational efficiencies to creating new data-driven services and transforming traditional products into digital platforms. He explores the ways sensors and the Internet of Things provide new kinds of customer data; presents the concept of digital competitors—other firms that have access to similar data; discusses the new digital capabilities that firms need to develop; and addresses privacy and security issues associated with data sharing.

Who needs this book? Any firm that wants to revitalize traditional business models, offer a richer customer experience, and expand its competitive arena into new digital ecosystems.
The Weakest Link
Authors: Vishwanath Arun
Published: August 2022

An expert in cybersecurity lays out an evidence-based approach for assessing user cyber risk and achieving organizational cyber resilience.

Phishing is the single biggest threat to cybersecurity, persuading even experienced users to click on hyperlinks and attachments in emails that conceal malware. Phishing has been responsible for every major cyber breach, from the infamous Sony hack in 2014 to the 2017 hack of the Democratic National Committee and the more recent Colonial Pipleline breach. The cybersecurity community's response has been intensive user training (often followed by user blaming), which has proven completely ineffective: the hacks keep coming. In The Weakest Link, cybersecurity expert Arun Vishwanath offers a new, evidence-based approach for detecting and defending against phishing—an approach that doesn't rely on continual training and retraining but provides a way to diagnose user vulnerability.

Vishwanath explains how organizations can build a culture of cyber safety. He presents a Cyber Risk Survey (CRS) to help managers understand which users are at risk and why. Underlying CRS is the Suspicion, Cognition, Automaticity Model (SCAM), which specifies the user thoughts and actions that lead to either deception by or detection of phishing come-ons. He describes in detail how to implement these frameworks, discussing relevant insights from cognitive and behavioral science, and then presents case studies of organizations that have successfully deployed the CRS to achieve cyber resilience. These range from a growing wealth management company with twenty regional offices to a small Pennsylvania nonprofit with forty-five employees.

The Weakest Link will revolutionize the way managers approach cyber security, replacing the current one-size-fits-all methodology with a strategy that targets specific user vulnerabilities.
Catch composition and risk assessment of two fishing gears used in small-scale fisheries of Bandon Bay, the Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Jutagate Tuantong , Sawusdee Amonsak
Published: August 2022

We examined catch compositions and vulnerability of target and bycatch species in two fishing gears, namely the bottom-set gillnet and collapsible crab trap, used in small-scale fisheries of Bandon Bay, Suratthani Province, Thailand. Both gears mainly target the blue swimming crab (BSC) Portunus pelagicus, and together contribute about half of Thailand’s annual BSC catch of around 2.5 thousand tonnes. Field sampling was conducted from January to November of 2018. Specimens from bottom-set gillnets and collapsible crab traps comprised 111 and 118 taxa, respectively. Of these, 26 and 27 crab species and 41 and 46 fish species were collected by gillnets and traps, respectively. The index of relative importance of BSC was higher in gillnets (48.8 ± 16.6%) than in traps (25.0 ± 15.5%), where another swimming crab (Charybdis affinis) was more common. Cluster analysis revealed that catch compositions were seasonal and differed between the two monsoonal seasons, i.e., northeast monsoon (October to February) and southwest monsoon (May to September), and the transition period (March and April). Potential impact from both fishing gears on various stocks was assessed by standard productivity and susceptibility analysis (PSA). Vulnerability scores of the BSC stock as the main target species suggested it was at moderate risk, as assessed by PSA. The impacts of both gears to stocks of the other species in Bandon Bay showed either low or moderate risk. Ten fish stocks, including two stingrays, six species of sole and two other bony fishes, were near the threshold of high risk from gillnet fishing.
Splintered Divine: A Study of Ištar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the Ancient Near East. By Spencer L. Allen
Authors: Knott Elizabeth
Published: August 2022

The Splintered Divine: A Study of Ištar, Baal, and Yahweh Divine Names and Divine Multiplicity in the Ancient Near East. By Spencer L. Allen. Studies in Ancient Near Eastern Records, vol. 5. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2015. Pp. xxi + 457. €102.76.
Seven Days of Nectar: Contemporary Oral Performance of the Bhāgavatapurāṇa. By McComas Taylor
Authors: Malinar Angelika
Published: August 2022

Seven Days of Nectar: Contemporary Oral Performance of the Bhāgavatapurāṇa. By McComas Taylor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016. Pp. xvi + 288.
Contribution to the History of the Wheeled Vehicle in India. By Jean Deloche
Authors: Danino Michel
Published: August 2022

Contribution to the History of the Wheeled Vehicle in India. By Jean Deloche. Collection Indologie, vol. 126. Pondicherry: institut Français de Pondichéry and École Française d’Extrême-orient, 2014. Pp. xiii + 145; 31 figures; 36 plates.
Problems of Han Administration: Ancestral Rites, Weights and Measures, and the Means of Protest. By Michael Loewe
Authors: Sanft Charles
Published: August 2022

Problems of Han Administration: Ancestral Rites, Weights and Measures, and the Means of Protest. By Michael Loewe. Leiden: Brill, 2016. Pp. xi + 326. €114, $137.
Les Chants du monde: Le paysage sonore de l’ancienne Mésopotamie. By Anne-Caroline Rendu Loisel
Authors: Mouton A.
Published: August 2022

Les Chants du monde: Le paysage sonore de l’ancienne Mésopotamie. By Anne-Caroline Rendu Loisel. Toulouse: Presses Universitaires du Midi, 2016. Pp. 276, illus. €24 (paper).
Jaina-Onomasticon. By Johannes Klatt. Edited by Peter Flügel and Kornelius Krümpelmann
Authors: Dundas Paul
Published: August 2022

Jaina-Onomasticon. By Johannes Klatt. Edited by Peter Flügel and Kornelius Krümpelmann. Jaina Studies, vol. 1. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 2017. Pp. 1012. €178.
Southern Transjordan Edomite Plateau and the Dead Sea Rift Valley: The Bronze Age to the Islamic Period (3800/3700 BC–AD 1917). By Burton MacDonald
Authors: Graf David F.
Published: August 2022

The Southern Transjordan Edomite Plateau and the Dead Sea Rift Valley: The Bronze Age to the Islamic Period (3800/3700 BC–AD 1917). By Burton MacDonald. Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2015. Pp. ix + 118, 49 pls. $120.
Between Christ and Caliph: Law, Marriage, and Christian Community in Early Islam. By Lev E. Weitz
Authors: Tolan John
Published: August 2022

Between Christ and Caliph: Law, Marriage, and Christian Community in Early Islam. By Lev E. Weitz. Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018. Pp. viii + 340. $65.
Jesuits and Matriarchs: Domestic Worship in Early Modern China. By Nadine Amsler
Authors: Alexander Katherine
Published: August 2022

Jesuits and Matriarchs: Domestic Worship in Early Modern China. By Nadine Amsler. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2018. Pp . ix + 258. $95 (cloth); $30 (paper).
Friendship in the Hebrew Bible. By Saul M. Olyan
Authors: Leib Ethan J.
Published: August 2022

Friendship in the Hebrew Bible. By Saul M. Olyan.

The Anchor Yale Bible Reference Library. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2017. Pp. xiii + 191. $50.
Seafaring Expeditions to Punt in the Middle Kingdom: Excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt. By Kathryn A. Bard and Rodolfo Fattovich
Authors: Spalinger Anthony
Published: August 2022

Seafaring Expeditions to Punt in the Middle Kingdom: Excavations at Mersa/Wadi Gawasis, Egypt. By Kathryn A. Bard and Rodolfo Fattovich. Culture and History of the Ancient Near East, vol. 96. Leiden: Brill, 2018. Pp. xvi + 233. $156.
Mind and Body in Early China: Beyond Orientalism and the Myth of Holism. By Edward Slingerland
Authors: Smith Hilary A.
Published: August 2022

Mind and Body in Early China: Beyond Orientalism and the Myth of Holism. By Edward Slingerland. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. xiv + 385. $35.
Reading Du Fu: Nine Views. Edited by Xiaofei Tian
Authors: Miao Xiaojing
Published: August 2022

Reading Du Fu: Nine Views. Edited by Xiaofei Tian. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2020. Pp. viii + 181. $45.
Baal and the Politics of Poetry. By Aaron Tugendhaft
Authors: Natan-Yulzary Shirly
Published: August 2022

Baal and the Politics of Poetry. By Aaron Tugendhaft. The Ancient Word. London: Routledge, 2017. Pp. xviii + 165, illus. $140.
Manuscripts, Politics and Oriental Studies: Life and Collections of Johann Gottfried Wetzstein (1815– 1905) in Context. Edited by Boris Liebrenz and Christoph Rauch
Authors: Hamilton Alastair
Published: August 2022

Manuscripts, Politics and Oriental Studies: Life and Collections of Johann Gottfried Wetzstein (1815– 1905) in Context. Edited by Boris Liebrenz and Christoph Rauch. Islamic Manuscripts and Books, vol. 19. Leiden: Brill, 2019. Pp. xxiii + 437, illus. $130, €108.
Layered Heart: Essays on Persian Poetry. A Celebration in Honor of Dick Davis. Edited by A. A. Seyed-Ghorab
Authors: Cross Cameron
Published: August 2022

The Layered Heart: Essays on Persian Poetry. A Celebration in Honor of Dick Davis. Edited by A. A. Seyed-Ghorab. Washington, DC: Mage Publishers, 2019. Pp. x + 662, illus. $75.
Economics of Dairy Products in a Experimental Dairy Plant
Authors: Narnaware G. N. , Kurrey Devendra Kumar , Shinde N. W.
Published: August 2022

In order to ensure sustainable and economic dairy-based value-added production, it is essential to analyze the costs and Break-Even points. The study was undertaken in the Experimental Dairy Plant, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal (Haryana) with handling capacity of ten thousand liter per day, to optimize the cost of Dairy products manufactured in the dairy plant. Burfi and Ice-cream are among the most crucial Indian dairy products processed in a dairy plant and widely consumed. Primary and Secondary data were both used to conduct this study. Primary data is supplemented by actual observation and interviewing plant personnel, and Secondary data, i.e., milk inflow, its utilization pattern, and product output, was taken from different plant ledgers. Economic analysis of this dairy product in a dairy plant is necessary to optimize the cost of each component used in manufacturing Burfi and ice cream. The dairy product will keep its presence in the competitive market, and as a result, the consumer will benefit from this optimum price. Therefore, calculated the product cost was in a dairy plant, and the fixed and variable cost was 24.56 and 75.44 percent for Burfi and 34.01 and 65.99 percent for ice cream, respectively. This study shows that the dairy plant has surplus production of 3721.69 kg and 1,02,082.33 cups of 100 ml of output Burfi and Ice-cream respectively, after the break-even point. The study has suggested that the quantity of Burfi and Icecream should be manufactured above recommended Break-Even Point to avoid losses. As a seasonal product, if there is a fluctuation in market demand, products could be shifted to other profitable products.
Assessment of Irrigation Scheduling and Nipping Management for Higher Yield and Economic Returns of Mustard in Satpura and Kaymore Plateau Zone of Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Chourasiya Ajay , Jagre Akhilesh , Sharma Ashok Kumar , Tripathi Uttam Kumar
Published: August 2022

On-farm testing was conducted for two consecutive years during Rabi seasons 2018-19 and 2019-20 at farmer’s fields of Majhgawan block of Satna district in India to validate the effect of irrigation scheduling and nipping management for higher yield and economic returns of mustard. The on-farm testing trials were laid out with two treatments i.e  T1 Two irrigation (25 DAS and  40-45 DAS) and no nipping  and T2 Application of two irrigation (one each at pre-flowering 35-40 days and pod filling 65-75 days)  and nipping at pre bud stage (30 DAS). Application of two irrigation (one each at pre-flowering 35-40 days and pod filling 65-75 days) and nipping at pre bud stage (30 DAS) recorded highest primary branches (13.95) and secondary branches (27.85) per plant, siliquae/plant (189.15), seeds/siliqua (19.30) seed yield (23.59 q ha-1), gross returns (Rs 101721ha-1), net return (Rs 71746ha-1) and B:C ratio (3.39) as compared to application of two irrigation (25 DAS and 40-45 DAS) and no nipping. Two irrigations at pre-flowering and pod filling with nipping at pre bud stage (30 DAS) increase in plant growth and yield parameters so it can be recommended two irrigations at pre flowering and pod filling stage with nipping at pre bud stage for getting higher yield of Mustard over non-nipping in the Satpura and Kaymore Plateau zone of Madhya Pradesh.
Effect of Different Rates of Liquid Trichoderma harzianum on Growth Enhancement of Tissue Cultured Abaca Seedlings
Authors: H. Mahusay Genelyn , S. Corpuz Onofre
Published: August 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different rates of liquid Trichoderma harsianum on the growth enhancement of tissue-cultured Abaca seedlings. There are six treatments replicated four (4) times with 5 samples per replication. The following were the treatment: T0-control, T1- 50 ml of L.T, T2- 40 ml of L.T, T3-30 ml of L.T, T4- 20 ml of L.T, and T5-10ml of L.T/liter of water. Based on the results, it did not successfully reject the null hypothesis on plant height, pseudostem girth, leaf count per plant, leaf area per plant, and the number of primary roots of Abaca seedlings treated with liquid Trichoderma harsianum. While the two parameters successfully rejected the null hypothesis, there is highly significant that developed greater lengths for their shoot and root lengths treated with liquid Trichoderma harsianum. When compared to the control, the use of Liquid Trichoderma harsianum can significantly increase abaca growth. Treatment 3 of Abaca seedlings with 30 ml of liquid Trichoderma harsianum was the most effective of the five treatments with this substance. The correlation between treatments and parameters is also favorable.
Reassessing Ethnic-based Party Formation, Proliferation and Political Instability in Nigeria: A Periscope into the Future
Authors: E. Dickson Monday , E. Ita Victor
Published: August 2022

This paper examined the manifestations of ethnic cleavage and identity on party formation and proliferation in Nigeria’s political landscape. Nigeria is unarguably a country with multi-ethnic nationalities with each group intermingling with another in the tussle for political power. From independence until the Fourth Republic, the nation’s social structure in terms of heterogeneity has significantly influenced electoral politics. This raises germane concerns as to why the formation of political parties in the country tilts more towards ethnic attachment and is bereft of ideological leanings, unlike what is obtainable in advanced democracies. From a historical-descriptive perspective, the paper unfolded the bases for the rise of ethnic-based political parties as well as justified the contention that ethnic-based considerations in the political process have contributed to political instability in Nigeria. Moreover, the paper authenticated the fact that ethnic-based parties featured prominently in the early years of independence and afterwards, resulting in regime displacements and that ethnicity is still a foremost determinant of party formation and political contests in contemporary Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. Consequently, the paper recommended, prominently, that political party leaders should avoid actions that could heat the Nigerian polity up and eventually plunge the country into crisis with attendant political instability; rather they should focus on issues that will promote political integration and cohesion among ethnic nationalities within the country.
Evaluation of Phytochemical, Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of a Functional Tea Prepared from Blends of Local Spices Utazi (Gongronema latifolium), Nchanwu (Ocimum gratissium) and Tumeric (Curcuma longa)
Authors: Nwuneli C. A. , Ishiwu C. N. , Abah C. R.
Published: August 2022

The study assessed the phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant properties of a functional tea made from mixture of Utazi leaf Gongronema latifolium), Nchanwu leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) and Turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa). The three spices were individually processed by drying and mincing before combining them at different ratios that resulted to 16 samples. The samples were generated through D-optimal mixture design using statistical software (Design Expert version 12). The samples were evaluated for phytochemical, nutritional and antioxidant properties. The fresh raw materials were destalked (for the leaves), sorted, washed, withered, oxidized for 24 h, oven dried at 60oC for 30 min, cooled and milled, and packaged. Fresh turmeric rhizome were sorted, washed blanched at 90oC for 2 min, cooled, peeled, sliced, oven dried at 60oC for 30 min, cooled, milled and packaged in teabags and high density polyethylene. The alkaloids, saponin, phenol, cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, tannin, steroid and anthocyanin content ranged from 12.00-22.00, 0.42-1.15, 11.67-15.63, 0.06-0.67, 12.67-22.00, 0.56-0.89, 1.00-1.67, 46.00-54.00 mg/100g respectively. The vitamin C and E content ranged from 3.03-4.13, 0.31-0.64 mg/100g respectively. The minerals iron and zinc content of the tea samples ranged from 3.53-4.70, 0.06-0.78 ppm respectively. The sensory evaluation score of the tea infusion of the sample AB and DA were ‘liked very much’ with the rating of 8.60 and 8.20 respectively, these samples were more acceptable to the panelist. The antioxidant scavenging activity ranged from 42.00-47.00% with sample EC exhibiting the highest level of activity, and the proportion was 70g, 24.62g, 5.38g of Utazi leave, Nchanwu leave, and Turmeric rhizome.
Evaluation of the Arguments in the Appeal from Bayer Crop Science of the Decision Made by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority on the Fungicide Infinito with the Active Substances Fluopicolide and Propamocarb
Authors: Sverdrup Line Emilie , Bjørge Christine , Eklo Ole Martin , Grung Merete , Källqvist Torsten , Klingen Ingeborg , Låg Marit , Ropstad Erik
Published: August 2022

Infinito is a new fungicide containing the two active substances fluopicolide and propamocarb-HCl intended to protect potatoes against the blight pathogen Phytophtora infestans. Fluopicolide is a new active substance in Norway, while propamocarb-HCl is already approved in several products. The risk assessment of Infinito was finalized in a meeting on 29. May 2012 by the Panel on Plant Protection Products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM).

The main conclusions from the risk assessment of Infinito were:

VKMs opinion is that both fluopicolide and its main metabolite M-01 (2,6- dichlorobenzamid (BAM)) are persistent in Norwegian soils and surface waters.

Fluopicolide and its main metabolite M-01 may accumulate in Norwegian soils.

The metabolite M-01 is highly mobile, while fluopicolide shows lower mobility in both studies and modelling.

Based on the environmental properties pointed out in the risk assessment, The Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Mattilsynet) turned down the application for use of Infinito in Norway.

The decision made by Mattilsynet has been appealed by the applicant, Bayer Crop Science. No new studies have been presented.

Mattilsynet has asked VKM to consider the arguments in the appeal from Bayer Crop Science on the risk assessment of Infinito. The appeal and arguments were discussed in a meeting in VKMs Panel on Plant Protection Products on 13. December 2013.

The conclusions were as follows:

VKM maintains the previous conclusion on the risk assessment on persistence, accumulation and mobility of fluopicolide and one of the metabolites M-01.

Our conclusion is further strengthened by additional documentation on:

Persistence of M-01 as indicated by data from the National Monitoring program (JOVA) and international studies

Accumulation as related to results from 4 year field studies and model calculations using the Finnish PEC calculator

Mobility of M-01 as identified by FOCUS PELMO, FOCUS PEARL and MACRO simulations using Swedish and Norwegian scenarios in addition to monitoring results from groundwater in Norway

Opinion from EFSA indicating that model simulations and risk of leaching to groundwater from row crops are under-estimated by a factor of six, and should be revised in the new FOCUS scenarios. Half-life calculations based on field studies of mobile substances should be avoided as some of the substances could have escaped to deeper layers and therefore showing artificially high degradation rates.
Prevalence of Albumin/Total Protein Deficiency and Micronutrients Correlates in Apparently Healthy Children in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Oladibu Olanike , Kofoworade Olawumi , Ojedokun Samson , Oloyede Taiwo , Alatishe Taiwo , Salawu Afolabi
Published: August 2022

Aim: To assess the prevalence and pattern of total protein, albumin and micronutrient status among school-age children.

Study Design: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive design.

Methodology: The study was carried out among four hundred pupils aged 6 to 12 years. A semi-structured questionnaire was adopted to obtain relevant data. Each recruited pupil was examined clinically for signs of nutritional deficiencies. Blood samples were collected and microelements levels were estimated using ELISA kits, while total protein and albumin were by spectrophotometry methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.          

Results: The majority of the study population belongs to the high and middle socioeconomic class. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies was 9.5% and 36.5% for Zinc and selenium respectively. While the prevalence of 27% and 15.1% were recorded for albumin and total protein respectively. There were positive correlations between micronutrient (Zn&Se) levels and sociodemographic data and anthropometric data.

Conclusion: The early diagnosis of micronutrient deficiencies, prompt management of protein energy malnutrition and its complications can prevent the development of permanent physical and mental retardation.
art of the Book of Deer
Authors: Geddes Jane
Published: August 2022

This paper explores the iconography and style of the illuminations in the 10th-century Book of Deer (Cambridge Univ Lib Ii 6.32). Although in format and general appearance the book conforms to a group of Irish pocket gospels, it is possible that the book was produced in Scotland, with Deer Abbey being the most likely location. On f4v a sword of Anglo-Saxon or Viking type is depicted. The implications of this are examined in terms of surviving artefacts and other manuscript depictions.
Ultranarrow Linewidth Coupling Resonance in Flexible Plasmonic Nanopillar Array for Enhanced Biomolecule Detection
Authors: Chu Shuwen , Liang Yuzhang , Yuan Huizhen , Yu Li , Liu Qiang , Peng Wei
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic nanostructures, due to their extremely strong confinement and enhancement of optical field, have emerged as a potential tool in myriad applications, ranging from nano‐laser to surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and biosensing. To break through the restriction of intrinsic losses and radiative damping in metal nanostructures resulting in broad plasmon resonance, a plasmonic nanostructure sensor employing hexagonal nanopillar array on flexible substrate to form the bilayer gold cap‐hole coupling structure is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor is fabricated by the combination of vacuum coating and template transfer, and experimentally exhibits an ultranarrow plasmon resonance coupling mode with a linewidth of 4.5 nm. Such a sharp linewidth resonance originates from the coupling of geometrical‐induced Wood's anomaly (WA) and Fabry–Perot (FP) modes. Benefiting from this ultranarrow resonance, a figure of merit (FOM) of 140.6 and spectroscopic detection noise down to 0.02 nm are demonstrated in the bulk refractive index (RI) sensing. Furthermore, the nanopillar array enables the detection of bovine serum albumin biomolecular with the detection limit of 0.27 µm. The plasmonic array device can be further investigated for more potential practical utility that are valuable and significant for label‐free biomolecular sensing with high sensitivity and high throughput.
Differences of the pyrolytic behaviors and pyrolysis products of coal pitch from different sources
Authors: Zhang Chunyang , Fang Yilin , Zhu Yaming , Chu Hongyu , Hu Chaoshuai , Xu Yunliang , Zhao Xuefei , Bai Yonghui
Published: August 2022

Coal pitch was recognized as an important raw material to produce artificial carbon/graphite materials. The pyrolytic process was the essential process during the production of artificial carbon/graphite materials, and the pyrolytic behaviors of coal pitch acted a key role on the quality of derived carbon materials. In order to detailed study on the pyrolytic behaviors of coal pitch, four kinds of coal pitches named as medium coal tar pitch (MP, a kind of high‐temperature coal pitch), medium‐low temperature coal pitch (MLP), coal direct liquefaction pitch (CLP), and coal pyrolytic extraction (CPE) were used as raw materials, and FTIR, TG/DTG‐FTIR combined with curve‐fitted method have been used to determine the pyrolysis characteristics of coal pitches. The microstructure of pyrolysis products from different coal pitches has been analyzed by optical microscope, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and N2‐adsorption and desorption (BET method), respectively. What's more, the micro‐strength and resistance of pyrolytic products have been also investigated in this study. In fact, the CLP has the highest aromaticity, and the content of graphite carbon microcrystalline (IG/IAll), the size of carbon microcrystalline (Lc), the specific area (SBET), the micro‐strength, and resistance of its' pyrolytic products were 13.22%, 1.94 nm, 2.909 m2/g, 65%, and 5.22 Ω, respectively. In other words, the molecular structure of coal pitch has key effects on the pyrolysis characteristics of coal pitch, and the aromaticity of coal pitch also has an significant influence on the carbon crystalline, micro‐strength, and resistance of pyrolytic products. The higher aromaticity of coal pitch always meant for the higher content of graphite carbon crystalline and a lower resistance.
Influence of physical aging of ferroelectric vinylidene fluoride copolymer films on their structural and electrophysical characteristics
Authors: Kochervinskii Valentin V. , Gradova Margaret A. , Gradov Oleg V. , Kirakosyan Gayane A. , Kiselev Dmitry A. , Buzin Mikhail I. , Lokshin Boris V. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Maltsev Alexander A. , Malyshkina Inna A.
Published: August 2022

General problems of structural changes which occur at storage of two‐phase crystalline polymers with a metastable structure at room conditions are considered on the example of a vinylidene fluoride ‐ hexafluoropropylene copolymer. The physical aging occurs in flexible‐chain crystalline polymers (polyethylene, fluoropolymers under consideration, etc.), where, due to low glass transition temperatures, the liquid‐like dynamics of amorphous phase chains is realized at room temperature through cooperative micro‐Brownian motions with short relaxation times. Taking into account that covalent‐bound sections of the chains of the amorphous phase can enter the crystallites, the noted mobility may initiate changes in the size of the latter. Such a possibility is proved by the example of the noted copolymer. At low‐temperature crystallization of a vinylidene fluoride ‐ hexafluoropropylene copolymer from a solution the formed α‐phase crystals have little perfection. The size of the crystals increases when the films are stored in room conditions. Because of the crystal polymorphism, at the same time a certain fraction of γ‐phase crystals which are present in initial films undergo a polymorphic transformation γ → α. These processes lead to an increase in crystallinity. Moreover, during such processes additional structuring is observed, which is reduced to the displacement of various kinds of intra‐chain defects into the amorphous phase (and especially into the surface). Since the copolymers under study are ferroelectrics, they were studied by piezo force microscopy. It was found that despite the crystallization predominantly in nonpolar α‐phase, piezo force microscopy revealed a domain structure, which formation mechanism is discussed. The structural changes at physical aging of the films affect the character of the noted domain structure. Thus, it is suggested that the mechanism of the described structural changes is realized through the developed cooperative mobility of the chains in the amorphous phase, which characterizes the processes of rotational diffusion.
Eugenol‐derived Organic Liquids as an In‐Situ CO2 Capturing and Conversion System for Eugenol‐based Polycarbonate Synthesis
Authors: Zeng Xiankui , Chen Qin , Zhao Changbo , Xie Sibo , Xie Haibo , Huang Caijuan
Published: August 2022

The significant development of catalytic biomass conversion has provided a large library of chemicals ready for subsequent upgrading to polymerisable monomers for the design and preparation of sustainable polymers. In this study, hydroxyethylation of eugenol by using green ethylene carbonate as alkylation reagent and cheap tetrabutylammonium iodide ionic liquids as green solvents and catalysts produced 2‐(4‐allyl‐2‐methoxyphenoxy)ethan‐1‐ol with a 85% yield, which could be used to construct an in situ CO2 capture and conversion system by taking the reversible chemistry of alcoholic compounds with CO2 in the presence of superbases, on which α,ω‐diene functionalized carbonate monomers were successfully prepared and were applied in thiol‐ene click and acyclic diene metathesis polymerisation (ADMET), producing a series of poly(thioether carbonate)s and unsaturated aromatic aliphatic polycarbonates with moderate molecular weights and satisfactory thermal properties. The structures of the formed CO2 reversible ILs, the polymerisable monomers and the corresponding polymers were fully characterized by various technologies.
High‐Energy‐Density Chelated Chromium Flow Battery Electrolyte at Neutral pH
Authors: Robb Brian H. , Waters Scott E. , Marshak Michael P.
Published: August 2022

High‐concentration operation of redox flow batteries (RFBs) is essential for increasing their energy‐storage capacity, but non‐acidic electrolytes struggle to achieve the high concentrations of metal ions dissolved in acid, limiting the development of energy‐dense neutral pH electrolytes. We report neutral pH RFB operation of chromium 1,3‐propylenediaminetetraacetate (CrPDTA) at concentrations of 1.2 M at room temperature and 1.6 M at 40 °C, demonstrating 60% higher negolyte capacity, up to 42.9 Ah L−1, than previously reported for non‐additive‐utilizing solutions of this promising material. With extended full cell cycling, we demonstrate the importance of buffer selection and pH when using the Fumasep E‐620(K) membrane. Finally, we expand the pH operation range of CrPDTA to pH 7, which when cycled at 100 mA cm−2 against a ferrocyanide posolyte demonstrated excellent coulombic efficiencies >99.7% and energy efficiencies >87%, while operating at almost 700 mV more negative than the thermodynamic hydrogen evolution window.
H∞ consensus for Markov jump multi‐agent systems with partly unknown transition probabilities and multiplicative noise
Authors: Wang Jie , Chen Xin
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on the
consensus control problem about Markov jump multi‐agent systems with partly unknown transition probabilities and multiplicative noise. The transition probabilities of the Markov jumps are considered to be partly unknown, which are more applicable than the traditional assumption in Markov jump systems that all of them must be completely known. Sufficient conditions for
consensus control problem are derived by using less linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example is provided to show the validity of our results.
Multi‐agent consensus with stopping rules under bounded measurement noise
Authors: Hanada Kenta , Wada Takayuki , Masubuchi Izumi , Asai Toru , Fujisaki Yasumasa
Published: August 2022

A multi‐agent consensus protocol is investigated over noisy undirected connected graphs. It is supposed that each agent can know her neighbors' states with bounded noise. A theoretical stopping rule having a probabilistic guarantee is established for the consensus protocol, which explicitly relates the number of iterations with the closeness of the agreement. The stopping rule is derived by utilizing Bernstein inequality that deals with a given noise bound explicitly. The sample complexity with respect to the number of agents is also investigated, where it is shown that the number of iterations required by the proposed stopping rule based on the bound of noise itself is generally smaller than that of the conventional stopping rules that utilize bound of noise variance. The results are demonstrated through numerical examples.