bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case study and review of transient bone marrow edema or transient migratory osteoporosis in the knee
Authors: Jaramillo Quiceno Alejandro , Sarmiento Riveros Paula A. , Arias Pérez Rubén D. , Vega Arango Miguel , Radiologist MSK , Rodriguez Arguello Jorge L.
Published: February 2025

Transient bone marrow edema (BME) syndrome, also known as transient migratory osteoporosis, is a rare clinical entity characterized by severe, temporary arthralgia in the lower extremities without trauma history. It presents as focal or regional radiographic osteopenia and as a hallmark BME signal on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The syndrome’s idiopathic nature is underscored by its spontaneous resolution and variability in clinical presentations, with inconsistent joint involvement. A clinical case of a 57-year-old male illustrates the condition’s characteristics: Intense, non-traumatic knee pain initially located in the medial femoral condyle with typical imaging findings on MRI, resolved through analgesia and weight-bearing restriction. The patient experienced recurrence in the lateral femoral condyle, again resolving with similar management. This case emphasizes the disorder’s heterogeneity and intends to raise awareness in the medical community, where lack of knowledge and standardized nomenclature has complicated its recognition, leading to unnecessary interventions.
The openBIS Digital Platform for Instrumentation and Data Workflow in the Analytical Laboratory
Authors: Hemani Yousuf , Koch Kilian , Mendo-Diaz Oscar , Bachhofner Anusch , Baffelli Simone , Bleiner Davide
Published: February 2025

The management of scientific data plays a key role in all research areas and has increased in importance. Providing researchers with customizable data management tools is crucial for effectively managing data according to the FAIR principles. These principles have been defined by Wilkinson et al. in 2016, which describe how scientific data should be managed.[1] To support the specific needs of researchers at Empa, openBIS[2] was chosen as a FAIR compliant data management platform. OpenBIS is an Electronic Laboratory Notebook (ELN) and Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS) developed at ETH. The commissioning of this platform for the case of an analytical chemistry lab presented multiple challenges. In this paper, solutions to adapt openBIS as a digital platform to integrate the laboratory data workflow in chemical analysis and for spectroscopy instruments are presented. Two laboratory projects as case studies are described, consisting of a data pipeline and a complex dashboard for data collection, visualization and interaction. These examples show a successful integration of the data management platform in accordance with the FAIR data guidelines along with maximizing efficiency for laboratory personnel.
Unlocking the Potential of Browser- Based Scientific Data Analysis: A 20-Year Journey of Expertise
Authors: Patiny Luc
Published: February 2025

The browser has become an indispensable tool for a variety of everyday tasks, yet its potential in scientific data processing remains underexplored and is often perceived as slow. This paper presents four examples of advanced web applications that we have developed during the last 20 years and demonstrates the browser’s ability to compete with traditionally installed software. These applications were made possible through the development of over 100 open-source libraries, extending the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles to include not only data but also software.
Mössbauer Spectroscopy as a Valuable Analysis Technique in Biomedical Research
Authors: Hassen Jasim , Silver Jack
Published: February 2025

Mössbauer spectroscopy is an effective technique used to examine the iron atom electronic environments in both biomolecular molecules and whole animal studies. Because of its sensitivity to nuclear hyperfine interactions, this technique yields incredibly accurate data regarding the electronic and magnetic states of nuclei, chemical bonds, and the local electronic environment structure around iron atoms. This review demonstrates how Mössbauer spectroscopy contributes to biomedical sciences. The use of Mössbauer spectroscopy in the fields of general biology is discussed, as well as studies that included bacterial analyses, studies related to protein materials, and pharmaceutical studies. In addition, although beyond the scope of this review, the use of Mössbauer spectroscopy to study model compounds to aid in understanding the iron proteins is briefly referred to.
ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ БИОИНСЕКТОЦИДА PESTGUARD («IPL BIOLOGICALS LIMITED», ИНДИЯ) И ЭНТОМОФАГА TRICHOGRAMMA CHILONIS ISHII ПРОТИВ ХЛОПКОВОЙ СОВКИ НА ХЛОПЧАТНИКЕ
Authors: Жумаева Н.Б. , Кимсанбаев Х.Х.
Published: February 2025

В данной статье проведена научно-исследовательская работа по интеграции микробиологического препарата и трихограммы. В 2023 году мы проводили научно-исследовательские работы микробиологическим препаратом PESTGUARD против представителей семейства Noctuidae. На хлопковом поле в качестве эталона использовали препарат БИОСЛИП. В 2024 году мы повторно провели научно-исследовательскую работу. Мы интегрировали микробиологический препарат PESTGUARD и энтомофага Trichogramma chilonis Ishii для более лучшего результата. По результатам исследования интеграция препарата PESTGUARD и энтомофага Trichogramma chilonis Ishii показала высокую эффективность - 91.4%. Было доказанно, при интеграции повышается эффективность на 15.2%.
МЕТОДИКА УЧЕТА ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ ОТРЯДА LEPIDOPTERA, ВСТРЕЧАЮЩИХСЯ В АГРОБИОЦЕНОЗЕ ХЛОПЧАТНИКА (СОЗДАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО МЕТОДА). ЧАСТЬ 1
Authors: Хидоятова Х.Д. , Жумаев Р.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье изучены распространение и биоэкология основных видов чешуекрылых в агробиоценозе Ташкентской области в 2023-2024 годах. На основе изучения этих видов была разработана новая методика подсчета представителей семейства чешуекрылых, встречающихся в хлопчатнике и зернобобовых культурах. Представлены данные научных исследований о биоэкологии вредителей и вреде, наносимом ими сельскохозяйственным культурам. Очень важно разработать новый метод подсчета таких вредителей, как озимая совка (Agrotis segetum), хлопковая совка (Helicoverpa armigera) и карадрина (Spodoptera exigua).
УСТРОЙСТВО И ПРИНЦИП ДЕЙСТВИЯ ИНДИКАТОРА СКРЫТОЙ ПРОВОДКИ
Authors: Иванов И.В. , Клинушкина А.Ю. , Антоненков Д.Р.
Published: February 2025

В статье представлено теоретическое и экспериментальное исследование характеристик прибора для обнаружения скрытой проводки. Рассмотрены основные параметры и свойства антенны, которые влияют на эффективность работы устройства. В ходе исследования были проведены эксперименты и анализ полученных данных, что позволило определить оптимальные характеристики индикатора для повышения точности и надежности обнаружения скрытой проводки.
О БЕККРОСС-СЕЛЕКЦИИ ПРИ МЕЖВИДОВОЙ ГИБРИДИЗАЦИИ В РОДЕ NICOTIANA
Authors: Ларькина Н.И. , Костюкова С.В.
Published: February 2025

Виды рода Nicotiana - идеальный модельный объект для проведения научных исследований в разных биологических направлениях, что усовершенствует и обогащает окружающий растительный мир. Одним из методов создания новых видов, форм и сортов растений является межвидовая гибридизация, позволяющая освоить дикую флору для повышения качества, экологической безопасности производимой продукции и раскрытия закономерностей формирования и наследования признаков в поколениях гибридов и дальнейшего их применения в научных и практических целях. Экспериментально полученные разнообразными методами межвидовые гибриды в роде Nicotiana представляют новый исходный материал для селекционно-генетического процесса, но прямое их использование в создании сортов невозможно, так как они несут в себе нежелательные признаки дикого вида. Поэтому, для восстановления хромосомного комплекса Nicotiana tabacum с желаемым сочетанием новых генов, полученных от дикого вида, применяется метод беккросс-селекции, т.е. проведение возвратных скрещиваний фертильных межвидовых гибридов с сортами табака (беккроссирование). Гибриды, созданные этим методом, являются промежуточным этапом для получения новых форм растений, интересующих ученых. Выявлению закономерностей прохождения этого процесса посвящена представленная работа.
ДТП С УЧАСТИЕМ ДИКИХ ЖИВОТНЫХ
Authors: Ярмиев И.З. , Рахимов И.И.
Published: February 2025

Данная работа посвящена анализу численности диких животных в Республике Татарстан в период с 2019 по 2023 год и оценке экономического ущерба, причиненного охотничьим хозяйствам в результате дорожно-транспортных происшествий (ДТП) с участием диких животных. Исследование показывает динамику популяций таких видов, как лоси, кабаны, косули и маралы, а также выявляет проблемы, связанные с увеличением числа ДТП. В 2023 году зафиксировано 228ДТП, что привело к убыткам в размере 14 590 000 рублей, при этом наибольший ущерб связан с гибелью лосей, косуль и кабанов. Результаты исследования подчеркивают необходимость разработки мер по снижению числа ДТП с участием диких животных и учета всех обстоятельств при расчетах ущерба, что позволит обеспечить справедливую компенсацию охотничьим хозяйствам и содействовать устойчивому управлению популяциями диких животных.
ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННАЯ СТРУКТУРА ОБЛАЧНОСТИ В РАЙОНЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ИРАК
Authors: Махмуд А.М. , Болотов А.Г.
Published: February 2025

Исследована пространственно-временная вариация облачности над Ираком в дневное время. Анализы выполнены на основе 20-летних спутниковых данных. Показано, что пространственное изменение интенсивности образования облачности было наименьшим на севере страны. К югу анализируемой территории облачность начинает заметно уменьшаться. Это обусловлено топографией региона, так как характерным географическим признаком севера Ирака является наличие гор и долин. Устойчивая динамика сокращения облачного покрова отмечена на юге, где территория представлена в основном пустыней.
АНАЛИЗ ПОЖАРОВ ПРИРОДНОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ
Authors: Сердитова Н.Е. , Голикова Е.П.
Published: February 2025

В данной статье представлен анализ пожаров природного происхождения с учетом их распространённости на территории России. Изучение этих пожаров остается особенно актуальным, поскольку они охватывают обширные площади, имеют характеристики природных катаклизмов и оказывают разрушительное воздействие на экологическую и экономическую сферы страны. В работе был проведен графический и системный анализ пожаров природного происхождения. Основное внимание уделено пожарам в Российской Федерации. Результаты исследования показали, что в период с 1947 по 1996 годы и с 2001 по 2024 годы количество лесных пожаров значительно увеличилось. На территории России установилась фаза, которая характеризуется как цикл «аномального горения», с пиком в 2018-2021 годах. Максимальное значение «аномального горения» было зафиксировано в 2020 году, когда площадь возгорания составила 25,840 млн. га, что эквивалентно 1,52% от всей площади суши Российской Федерации.
ОРНАМЕНТАЦИЯ В ВОСТОЧНОСЛАВЯНСКОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Жилина Н.В. , Жилин А.М.
Published: February 2025

Декоративное искусство и орнаментация восточнославянского мира в VI–IX вв. проходят сложный путь, отражающий как преемственность на уровне народного искусства, так и переработку внешних импульсов на уровне элитарного. Преемственность передается постоянным пластом самостоятельного, достилевого искусства с элементарной геометрической орнаментацией. В конце VI – VII в. складывается местный геометрический тисненый стиль. Элитарное искусство дает своеобразный вариант распространенных в Европе стилей орнаментации (абстракт но-криволинейный стиль пальчатых фибул, антропоморфных и зооморфных накладных пластин и ременных наборов) и собственные разработки в орнаментации антропозооморфных фибул. В конце VII – VIII в. на базе знакомства с навыками филигранного дела и формами византийских украшений разрабатываются простые новые формы головных украшений, складываются предпосылки для геометрического стиля зерни. Заимствуются литые украшения салтовской культуры. Тисненый геометрический стиль продолжает развитие на новых формах фибул. В IX в. пред ставлена в основном орнаментация достилевого уровня. Импортные украшения и импульсы распространены довольно ограниченно. Но это время является кануном создания геометрических зерненых стилей X в. Смена традиций наблюдается в эли тарном искусстве, отражающем внешние иноземные импульсы. Сохраняющая пре емственность основа перерабатывает внешние воздействия, меняет стили в свою сторону, разрабатывает собственные формы.

Decorative art and ornamentation of the East Slavic world in the 6th–9th centuries goes through a complicated path, reflecting both continuity at the level of folk art and the processing of external impulses at the elite level. Continuity is transmitted by a constant layer of independent, pre-style art with primitive geometric ornamentation. At the end of the 6th–7th centuries, the local geometric embossed style was formed. Elite art provides a specific variant of the styles of ornamentation common in Europe (abstract curvilinear style of palmate fibulae, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic plates and belt sets) and developments of their own in ornamentation of anthropo zoomorphic fibulae. At the end of the 7th–8th centuries on the basis of acquaintance with the skills of filigree work and the shapes of Byzantine decorations, simple new forms of head jewelry were worked out, also prerequisites emerged for the geometric style of granulation technique. Cast ornaments of the Saltov culture were introduced. The embossed geometric style continues to develop on new forms of fibulae. The 9th century is mainly represented by ornamentation of pre-style level. Imported jewelry and impulses are rather limited. Yet this time may be regarded as the eve of creation of geometric granulation styles of the 10th century. A change of traditions is observed in elite art, reflecting external foreign impulses. The continuity-preserving foundation re-works external influences, changes styles in its favor, and develops shapes of its own.
МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ АНТИЧНЫХ АРТЕФАКТОВ МЕТАЛЛУРГИИ МАРКУЛЬСКОГО ГОРОДИЩА
Authors: Анкушев М.Н. , Требелева Г.В. , Кабанова Л.Я. , Блинов И.А. , Юрков В.Г. , Юрков Г.Ю.
Published: February 2025

В 2021 г. на Маркульском городище (Республика Абхазия) на участке «Пифосы» в слое эллинистического периода были обнаружены множественные железные шлаки и оплавленная керамика. Данные артефакты свидетельствуют о наличии на городище железоделательного производства. С целью определения технологических особенностей черной металлургии было проведено определение минералого-геохимического состава артефактов комплексом методов: петрографическое и минералогическое описание шлифов и аншлифов, определение состава минералов методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии с энергодисперсионным рентгеновским микроанализом. Исследования показали, что на Маркульском городище могли использоваться бурожелезняковые руды верхних горизонтов зоны окисления медноколчеданных или медно-железоскарновых месторождений. Наиболее вероятным источником железных руд для Маркульского городища представ ляются бурые железняки медно-пирротиновых проявлений в бассейне р. Кодор, расположенные к северу от памятника. Проведенное исследование представляет предварительную характеристику артефактов металлургии железа на Маркульском городище. Для полной реконструкции технологий выплавки, установления используемых месторождений, масштаба производства и возможного экспорта, например в близлежащий древнегреческий полис Гюэнос, необходимо продолжить археологические и археометаллургические изыскания.

In 2021, at the Markula hillfort (Republic of Abkhazia) in the Pithoisection, multiple iron slags and melted ceramics were discovered in the Hellenistic period layer. a great amount of iron slag and melted ceramics. These artifacts indicate the presence of iron-making production at the site. In order to determine the features of ferrous metal lurgy technology, the mineralogical and geochemical composition was determined using a set of methods: petrographic and mineralogical description of thin and polished sections, determination of the composition of minerals using SEM-EDS. The studies carried out showed that the Markula hillfort could have used brown-iron ores from the upper horizons of the oxidation zone of copper VMS or copper-iron skarn deposits. The most likely source of iron ores for the Markula hillfort seems to be brown iron ores of copper pyrrho tite occurrences in the Kodor river basin, located north of the hillfort. The conducted re search presents a preliminary characterization of iron metallurgy artifacts at the Markula hillfort. Follow-up archaeological excavations and archaeometallurgical studies are re quired to achieve full reconstruction of the melting technologies, identify source deposits, the scale of production and potential export, for instance, to the nearby Ancient city-state of Gyenos.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ДРЕВНЕРУССКИХ СЕРЕБРЯНЫХ ЗЕРНЕНЫХ УКРАШЕНИЙ НА ПРИМЕРЕ БУСИН ИЗ СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ РУСИ: СОСТАВ МЕТАЛЛА И ПРИПОЯ
Authors: Зайцева И.Е. , Исмагулов А.М. , Ващенкова Е.С. , Кондратьев О.А. , Терещенко Е.Ю. , Яцишина Е.Б.
Published: February 2025

В статье приводятся результаты изучения состава металла основных конструктивных элементов древнерусских украшений с зернью: пяти бусин от ви сочных колец и двух бусин ожерелий, изготовленных из высокопробного серебра. Исследование состава металла участков изделий, где по результатам рентгеновской томографии были выявлены скопления металлического припоя, позволило впервые на серии украшений определить рецепты припоя средневековых мастеров.

The paper provides results of the study aimed to analyze the composition of the metal used to make design elements of Medieval Russia granulation jewelry, name ly, five beads from temporal rings and two beads from the necklaces made of fine silver. The study of the metal composition in those regions of the items where the X-ray tomo graphy revealed concentration of metal solder was the first study to identify solder alloys used by medieval silversmiths based on the analysis of a jewelry series.
РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ЖИЗНЕОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ И ГОДИЧНЫЙ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ ЦИКЛ ПЕРВЫХ ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛЬЦЕВ В ПРИМОРЬЕ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ КРОУНОВКА 1)
Authors: Пантюхина И.Е. , Вострецов Ю.Е.
Published: February 2025

Атлантическая эпоха завершается похолоданием климата, которое инициировало движение ранних земледельцев в поисках устойчивых агроклиматических условий. В ходе этого процесса группа земледельцев расселилась в континентальных районах Юго-Западного Приморья. Здесь они сформировали систему жизнеобеспечения, включавшую культивацию двух видов проса, собирательство дикоросов и речных моллюсков, охоту на копытных и, вероятно, рыболовство. В статье предпринимается попытка реконструкции годичного хозяйственного цикла первых земледельцев в Приморье. Проведен комплексный анализ накопленных источников по геоморфологии, археологии, биологии, экологии, этнографии. В результате реконструировано сезонное распределение видов хозяйственной деятельности, проанализированы характеристики ресурсов, по которым возможно оценить их значимость в общей системе жизнеобеспечения. Первые земледельцы выбрали для поселения район с лучшими землями для культивации. Земледелие являлось системообразующим компонентом и играло стабилизирующую роль в системе жизнеобеспечения в данных условиях.

The Atlantic period ends with a climate cooling, which initiated the move ments of early farmers looking for stable agroclimatic resources. During this process, a group of farmers settled in the continental regions of southwestern Primorye. Here they formed a subsistent system that included the cultivation of two spices of millet, gathering wild plants and river mollusks, hunting and, probably, fishing. The article attempts to re construct the annual subsistent cycle of the first farmers in Primorye. A comprehensive analysis of sources on geomorphology, archeology, biology, ecology, and ethnography was carried out. As a result, the seasonal distribution of economic activity types was re constructed. Also, were analyzed the characteristics of resources, by which it is possible to assess their importance in the overall subsistent system. The first farmers chose to settle in an area with the best land for cultivation. Farming was a system-forming component and played a stabilizing role in the subsistent system in these conditions.
ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНОГО ЭКСПОРТА РОССИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ НОВЫХ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ РЕАЛИЙ
Authors: Ахметов Т.Р. , Гаймалова С.М.
Published: February 2025

Исследование факторов развития высокотехнологичного экспорта России все более актуализирует необходимость создания необходимых условий для его развития в условиях новых геополитических реалий. Происходит рост спроса на разработку новых видов продукции, производимой в Российской Федерации. В текущих геополитических условиях возникают дополнительные сложности в удовлетворении мирового спроса, при этом появляются новые возможности роста экономики на основе развития высокотехнологичного экспорта. В свою очередь, санкционный вызов проявляется как глобальное давление на экономику России, это изменение влияет на все страны мира в новых геополитических реалиях. Эффективным ответом на данную глобальную угрозу для России является развитие высокотехнологичного экспорта. Такой ответ позволит национальной инновационной системе (далее НИС) России задействовать свой потенциал в его реализации на внешних рынках и парировать негативные последствия для экономики, возникшие от санкционных ограничений, проводимых отдельными странами. Возрастающая внешняя угроза и усиление мировой конкуренции в военно-политической сфере формирует еще большие новые вызовы. Их глобальность и эскалация напряженности в мире требует от нашей страны быстроты реакции на внешние вызовы именно в НИС. Ответом является возможность генерации новшеств и инноваций, способных преодолевать трудности санкционных ограничений для экономики. Такой ответ и увеличение международного сотрудничества приведут к росту отечественных транснациональных корпораций (далее – ТНК). В статье исследуется теоретическая возможность ответа государственной политикой развития высокотехнологичного экспорта России на формирующуюся глобальную конкуренцию.
Electrocatalytic N2 to N2H4 Conversion Using a Co(III) Dipyrrin-Dicarboxamide Complex
Authors: Das Soumadip , Chakrabarti Navonil , Mondal Bipul , Sen Gupta Sayam
Published: February 2025

The selective electrocatalytic reduction of N₂ to N₂H₄ remains a formidable challenge in molecular catalysis. Very few homo-geneous systems have achieved this transformation selectively to date, yet they rely on multi-nuclear frameworks, harsh re-ductants, and photochemical biasing and exhibit low faradaic efficiency. Here, we report a Co(III) hexacoordinated dipyrrin-dicarboxamide complex, where a rare trianionic coordination mode featuring an anionic O donor from the amide enables selective N₂-to-N₂H₄ reduction at a monometallic Co center with a faradaic efficiency of ~22–24%. UV-vis and IR analyses, along with the demonstrated viability of chemical and electrochemical reduction, establish the two-electron-reduced formally Co(I) species as the catalytically active state. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies culminated in the proposal of a bent η¹-side-on N₂ binding mode via an interaction between the dz2 orbital and the π* of N2, which facilitates bent binding of the key diazeno and hydrazido(1-) intermediates, enhancing electron density on N leading to a superior N₂H₄ selectivity of 96% over NH₃. This work provides a blueprint for designing earth-abundant molecular catalysts with exceptional N₂H₄ selectivity.
N- to C-Peptide Synthesis, Arguably the Future for Sustainable Production
Authors: Ghosh Kinshuk , Lubell William. D.
Published: February 2025

The advancement of peptide production was revolutionized by the introduction of solid-phase synthesis in the C- to N-direction, from carboxylate to amine. This foundational technique in modern peptide science has facilitated numerous academic and industrial applications. However, C- to N-solid-phase peptide synthesis (C-N-SPPS) is associated with high process mass intensity and poor atom economy. A major drawback of C-N-SPPS is its dependence on atom-intensive protecting groups, such as fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc), along with the excessive use of protected amino acids and coupling reagents. In contrast, synthesizing peptides in the N- to C-direction, from amine to carboxylate, presents an opportunity to reduce reliance on protective strategies and could offer a more efficient approach to peptide manufacturing. Notably, effective amide bond formation in the N- to C-direction has been achieved through techniques involving thioesters, vinyl esters, and transamidation, allowing for peptide synthesis with minimal epimerization. This review explores N- to C-peptide synthesis, highlighting its advantages as a more sustainable alternative for peptide production.
Mechanisms of chiral induction in foldamers
Authors: Devkota Govinda Prasad , Lama Roshan , Hartley C. Scott
Published: February 2025

Foldamers, oligomers that adopt well-defined conformations, represent an efficient strategy toward nanoscale structural complexity. While most foldamers fold into (chiral) helices, many abiotic foldamers are built from achiral repeat units. They therefore do not have a preferred twist sense. The handedness can, however, be controlled by attaching groups with chirality centers to the foldamer backbone. This process allows the chiral information from readily available feedstocks to be amplified into larger-scale structural asymmetry and translated into functional behavior. This review describes mechanisms whereby the point chirality of chiral “controller” groups directs the helicity of the foldamer to which they are attached. We highlight examples of aromatic oligoamides, oligohydrazides, oligoindoles, oligo(ortho-phenylenes), and oligo(aminoisobutyric acids), examining cases where the controller groups are attached at either the helices’ termini or sides. Our emphasis is on applying intuitive concepts from conformational analysis and, where appropriate, computational modeling of small substructures. In each case, we consider first short-range interactions that orient the controller group in space relative to its direct point of attachment to the foldamer. We then consider long-range interactions between the controller group and more-distant parts of the oligomer, typically one turn farther along the helix. Together, these interactions allow the twist sense to be predicted (or rationalized). Understanding these mechanisms should facilitate the design of systems with dynamic control over helicity.
Assessment of ecological risk of soil contamination by heavy metals
Authors: Bezsonnyi V. L. , Nekos A. N. , Gololobova O. O.
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To assess the ecological risk of soil contamination by heavy metals and analyze their concentrations in protected areas in the Zmiivska community of the Kharkiv region and the impact zone of the Zmiivska TPP.

Methods. Field techniques, atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Hakanson methodology was applied to evaluate ecological risks, including the calculation of contamination factors (Cif), potential ecological risk indices (Eir), and the total risk index (RI).

Results. The study involved soil sampling from four locations: the botanical reserves "Tsykalove," "Mokhnachanskyi," "Skrypaivskyi," and the area near the Zmiivska TPP. The concentrations of heavy metals in soils from the protected areas (reserves "Tsykalove," "Mokhnachanskyi," and "Skrypaivskyi") did not exceed permissible levels, except for elevated zinc and iron content. In the soils near the Zmiivska TPP, significant exceedances of background levels were observed: iron, copper, cobalt and zinc. The total risk indices (RI < 4) for protected areas indicated low ecological risk: "Tsykalove", "Mokhnachanskyi", and "Skrypaivskyi". However, the Zmiivska TPP area (RI = 25,98) demonstrated a much higher risk. The highest potential risk indices (Eir) were associated with cobalt and cadmium.

Conclusions. Soil contamination by heavy metals in the Zmiivska community is localized, with the most hazardous concentrations observed near the Zmiivska TPP. The protected areas exhibit minor contamination risks, although high bioavailability of zinc and other metals indicates the need for continuous monitoring. The Hakanson methodology proved effective in evaluating health risks associated with heavy metal exposure. These findings highlight the necessity of mitigation measures, including emissions control, soil remediation, and reduced anthropogenic pressure.
Analysis of cases of moose (Alces alces) occurrence in the transformed environment of Kyiv
Authors: Ivanenko E. I.
Published: February 2025

Purpose. Justification and application of the analysis method of moose occurrence in Kyiv based on mass media data with further analysis of its spatial and chronological distribution.

Methods. System analysis, cartographic, statistical.

Results. As a result of the study of mass media data from the beginning of 2010 to October 2024, 26 separate cases of the occurrence of moose within the transformed environment of Kyiv were found and in the proximity of the city. The first case was reported in mass media in May 2015. Based on these data, a methodology was developed, a table and a map were compiled, which allowed for a spatial and chronological analysis of the appearance of moose in the transformed environment of Kyiv.

Conclusions. Using the analysis method of moose occurrence in Kyiv, three natural nurseries of moose occurrence in the transformed environment of the city were identified: Svyatoshynskyi (Svyatoshynske forestry), Holosiivskyi (Holosiivskyi forest and Lisnyky sight) and Darnytskyi (Darnytske forestry). Moose can penetrate into the urban environment of Kyiv for more than 2 km, and in some cases - more than 6 km, overcoming significant natural and anthropogenic obstacles, in particular the Dnipro River with intensive river transport traffic. Two periods of increased moose occurrences were identified - 2017-2024 and 2023-2024. Preliminary assumptions regarding the reasons for the first period are the ban on moose hunting since 2017, and for the second period - a complete ban on hunting since 2022.
Nobel Prize in Physics 2023
Authors: Berduta V.K. , Vovk R.V.
Published: February 2025

The laureates of the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physics are three researchers: Pierre Agostini (The Ohio State University, USA), Ferenc Krausz (Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany), and Anne L'Huillier (Lund University, Sweden). The prize was awarded for developing experimental methods that allow the generation of extremely short (attosecond) laser light pulses to study the dynamics of electrons in matter. The paper presents information about the scientific achievements of this year's Nobel laureates, which "give humanity new tools for exploring the world of electrons inside atoms and molecules." The paper describes the fundamental physical experiments that launched the new scientific field of attosecond physics. With its development, world science has gained many opportunities to study various fundamental physical processes and phenomena, as well as to create cutting-edge technologies, a brief overview of which is provided in the paper. A description of the new physical phenomenon discovered by the laureates, which was called electron-ion recollision, is given.
Fundamental understanding of mobile phone data for transport applications
Authors: Louis Mauricio
Published: February 2025

Mobile phone data has become a valuable resource in mobility studies, providing a rich dataset for analyzing human movement. This study presents a comprehensive review of mobile phone data sources and their applications in transportation studies. It explores the strengths and limitations of data types such as call detail records (CDR), cellular signaling data (CSD), and synthetic CDR. The study discusses methodologies for estimating travel demand, generating origin-destination (OD) matrices, and conducting mode-specific OD estimation. While CDR data has proven reliable for trip purpose estimation, challenges remain in accurately predicting travel modes. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing synthetic CDR data and expanding its use in mobility studies.
Differentiated Learning Group Investigation Model to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes in Elementary Schools
Authors: Ardi Utami Latisya , Surya Adikara Fahmi , Susiloningsih Esti
Published: February 2025

Mathematics learning in elementary schools often faces challenges that cause students to have difficulties in understanding mathematical concepts which leads to low learning outcomes. This study aims to improve students' mathematics learning outcomes through the application of differentiated learning with a group investigation model. The research method used is classroom action research. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, documentation and tests. The results in this study show that the learning outcomes of Mathematics of mean material have increased significantly. The results of the study prove that differentiated learning can improve Mathematics learning outcomes in elementary schools, especially in mean materials and data presentation. The results of the second cycle mean material mathematics test, students who scored above 70 or were declared complete amounted to 27 people with a percentage of 81.81%. The application of the group investigation model with a differentiated learning approach can be an alternative learning strategy that is effective in improving mathematics learning outcomes. The conclusion of the study is that differentiated learning by applying the group investigation  model can improve mathematics learning outcomes in elementary schools.
Investigating the Role of Acetyl-CoA Synthetase Short Chain Family Member 2 (ACSS2) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Expression in Clinical Samples and Insights from In Vitro Models
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Mezher Nawal
Published: February 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Crohn’s Disease (CD), is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation driven by genetic, environmental, immune, and microbial factors. Acetyl-CoA Synthetase Short Chain Family Member 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme converting acetate to acetyl-CoA, is known to regulate gene transcription and cellular processes through its nuclear localization under metabolic stress. However, its role in IBD remains unclear. In this study, immunohistochemistry of colon samples from UC patients revealed significantly elevated expression and nuclear localization of ACSS2 in inflamed tissues compared to non-inflamed regions, suggesting its involvement in IBD pathogenesis. Using Caco-2 and HT-29 intestinal epithelial cell lines stimulated with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) or Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) as in vitro models of inflammation, we observed upregulation of ACSS2 protein expression. ACSS2 inhibition significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-1β, and TNF-α, and attenuated activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, as evidenced by decreased phosphorylation of p65 and ERK/MEK. These findings highlight a pro-inflammatory role for ACSS2 in IBD and identify it as a potential therapeutic target, warranting further validation in advanced models, including patient-derived organoids and in vivo systems.
Educators Perception on Integrating Virtual Reality in Classrooms: A Lebanese Context
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Aziz Nivine E.
Published: February 2025

Today’s generation exhibits a strong affinity for video games, presenting an opportunity to harness this interest for educational purposes. Integrating gaming elements into education has the potential to captivate students while improving information retention. Virtual Reality (VR), in particular, offers a transformative approach by creating immersive and interactive learning experiences. From exploring fictional worlds in literature to revisiting historical landmarks that no longer exist and even shrinking to the size of an atom to study its components, VR makes abstract concepts tangible and accessible. In our study, we investigated the feasibility of integrating VR into Lebanese classrooms. Data was collected through an online survey with 110 respondents and interviews with 14 educators. The findings reveal that educators are enthusiastic about VR’s potential but express caution about its implementation. While acknowledging benefits such as enhanced student engagement, improved retention, and alignment with student preferences, they also highlighted challenges, including physical side effects, the need for teacher training, extensive preparation, and classroom management complexities. Additionally, educators proposed a comprehensive list of activities that could effectively utilize VR in educational settings, reflecting a balance between innovation and practical application. These insights underline the need for further exploration and structured planning to successfully integrate VR into the Lebanese educational system.
BETWEEN ZERO AND ONE: LIMINALITY OF NUCLEAR THRESHOLD STATES
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Toropchin Gleb V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: February 2025

The existence of nuclear threshold states as a phenomenon
is subject to revisiting through the prism of a general scientific notion of
liminality. This type of actors is represented by the nations technically
possessing a full nuclear fuel cycle but stopping short of making a decision to
militarize their nuclear programmes. An advantage of the utilized approach
consists in its transdisciplinary format: considering the problem at the
interface of philosophy, political science and even literature studies assists in
uncovering its multidimensional nature as well as in the mutual enrichment of
the named areas of knowledge. A literature review – predominantly comprising
secondary sources in English – has demonstrated but a sporadic application
of the liminality concept in the International Relations and Security Studies
scholarship (including nonproliferation of nuclear weapons). It has been
established that a nuclear test is a specific ritualized act symbolizing the
transition of threshold states into the cohort of de facto nuclear states. The
duality of such a gesture consists, on the one hand, in challenging an instituted
taboo, and, on the other hand, in a metamorphosis into a qualitatively new
condition. At the same time, even such an example of transformation of the
status does not mean that a nation overcomes liminality. This is due to the lack
of the mechanisms – both informal and adopted in the international law – and
the precedents of the transition by a de facto nuclear state into the club of the
nuclear weapons states. Manifold dimensions of liminality are singled out and characterized: temporal, technological, strategic, operational, and identification
dimensions. With the help of the case studies featuring the threshold states in
the Asia-Pacific, it is demonstrated that latent nuclear nations can exist in this
liminal space for decades, even benefitting from their transient condition. That
being said, the heterogeneity of the space of liminality finds expression in the
presence of various threshold actors on its different stages.
Identifikasi Variabilitas Suhu Permukaan Laut dan Klorofil-a Lombok Strait pada Triple-Dip La Niña 2020-2022
Authors: Daniar Daniar Ihza , Arzhida Bima , Novitarini Putu Widya , Nugraheni Imma Redha
Published: February 2025

Fenomena La Niña sering menimbulkan perubahan signifikan pada suhu permukaan laut dan dinamika ekosistem laut dalam konteks perubahan iklim global. Studi ini fokus pada pengaruh Triple-Dip La Niña 2020-2022 di Selat Lombok yang berpotensi mempengaruhi keseimbangan biologis maritim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memahami variabilitas suhu permukaan laut dan konsentrasi klorofil-a selama periode Triple-Dip La Niña. Penelitian menggunakan data Sea Surface Temperature (SST) dan chlorophyll (chlor_a) dari satelit Aqua-MODIS dan juga data arah dan kecepatan angin dalam bentuk Windrose di Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat selama periode 2020 hingga 2022 dengan periode 3 bulanan untuk meninjau variabilitas suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a yang terjadi. Pendekatan statistik, termasuk kalkulasi koefisien korelasi, diaplikasikan untuk menentukan hubungan antarvariabel. Ditemukan bahwa suhu tertinggi terjadi pada tahun 2020, sementara konsentrasi klorofil-a tertinggi tercatat pada tahun yang sama, khususnya di wilayah pesisir dengan suhu permukaan laut yang relatif lebih rendah dari sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh lemah antara klorofil-a dan SST pada wilayah Selat Lombok.
Pensamento cristão e política
Authors: Carvalho José Anchieta Arraias de
Published: February 2025

O pensamento Cristão e Política traz vários temas que são importantes para um debate profícuo sobre a pessoa e os direitos humanos, bem como alguns artigos que já foram publicados em revistas. Esta
obra dá continuidade à pesquisa que vem sendo desenvolvida
no âmbito da filosofia política, com ênfase na biopolítica. Os
livros: Poder Soberano e Violência e A Bioética em Diálogo com
a Biopolítica embasam o sentido dessa nova obra filosófica.
A pesquisa que ora será apresentada tem o intuito de
refletir e aprofundar-se sobre o valor da pessoa humana e, ao
mesmo tempo, analisar como o poder instituído incide sobre a
vida. Procurou-se analisar os vários enfoques que, no decorrer
da história, foram dados à compreensão da pessoa, no escopo de elaborar com mais precisão a sua definição. Também se buscou compreender a definição da pessoa nos vários âmbitos do conhecimento, como no cristianismo, no personalismo e na metafísica. A partir da elaboração do conceito de pessoa e da precisão dos seus termos é que se pode confrontar a existência real do ser humano diante do poder da técnica transformado em biotecnologia.
Bem-aventurado Plácido Riccardi
Authors: Gomes Cirilo
Published: February 2025

A grande impressão que nos deixa a leitura da biografia do B. Plácido Riccardi, beatificado no dia 5 de Dezembro de 1954, é a de uma santidade muito autêntica e, diríamos, quase vista cm suas notas essenciais, pois despojada de tantos desses adornos que nos atraem e nos detêm, levando-nos a tomar às vezes por manifestação própria da santidade o que na verdade é apenas contingente ou humano.
Sistem Informasi Sekolah Berbasis Web di SMP Islam NW Bilakembar
Authors: Harni Harni , Ahmadi Ahwan , Akbar Taufik
Published: February 2025

Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan informasi yang begitu cepat, sistem informasi memiliki peranan yang sangat penting bagi suatu oranisasi atau perusahaan. Peranan teknologi informasi bagi suatu sekolah dapat memudahkan dalam pengolahan informasi secara efektif dan efisien. Untuk hal ini SMP islam NW Bilakembar dalam menyampaikan informasi masih menggunakan sistem manual dengan cara menyampaikan informasi sekolah melalui mading dan pengeras suara.sehingga dalam menyampaikan informasi masih kurang maksimal karena belum menggunakan sistem informasi berbasis web, dengan demikian perlu adanya sistem yang terintegrasi secara online, dengan tujuan untuk mempermudah proses penyampaian informasi pada SMP islam NW Bilakembar sehingga sangat diperlukan untuk membagun sistem informasi sekolah yang berbasis online. Hal tersebut dapat memudahkan sekolah didalam menyampaikan informasi sekolah kepada siswa-siswi dan guru serta menghindari kesalahan informasi jika disampaikan secara manual. Tujuan penilitian ini adalah untuk membuat sistem informasi sekolah di SMP islam NW Bilakembar sehingga dapat mempermudah pihak sekolah dalam menyampaikan informasi. Sehingga hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berupa sistem informasi sekolah berbasis web yang dapat membantu mempercepat kinerja sekolah serta memudahkan sekolah untuk mengelola informasi sekolah yang akan disebar luaskan secara tepat,cepat dan akurat Kata kunci : Sistem Informasi, Website, php mysql
Sistem Pelayanan Reservasi dan Diagnosa Penyakit Kucing Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor Berbasis Web
Authors: Nadilla Baiq Yulia , Andriska Candra Permana Baiq , Sudianto Aris
Published: February 2025

According to research in 2018, 47% of Indonesia's population keeps cats.  This proves that almost half of Indonesia's population chooses to keep cats.  But without us realizing it, cat owners don't fully understand how to properly care for cats and even some people are still wrong in giving medication when cats are unwell, as a result many cats experience death due to inaccuracies in providing first aid.  One of the pet shops that provide consulting services is WIBI Petshop.  WIBI Petshop is a pet shop that is busy with customers.  This pet shop offers many services ranging from grooming services, hotel or daycare services to consulting services.  WIBI Petshop also sells various kinds of pet needs.  Currently WIBI Petshop is one of two pet shops in Selong whose services are still manual.  Where a customer who wants to do a consultation must confirm the existence of a veterinarian first, if the doctor is in place, then he can proceed with the consultation, but if not, the customer is forced to return and come the next day to confirm the doctor's presence again.  From these problems a solution emerges that can make it easier for customers who want to carry out consultations and make it easier for pet shops to accept consultations submitted by customers.  Stages of research on the system will be made using the Certainty Factor method.  The purpose of this study was to produce a web-based system for ordering reservation services with the booking feature and being able to check for pet cat diseases through the provided diagnostic page.  The author hopes that the system created can carry out the process of ordering services and can diagnose cat diseases to make it easier for cat keepers through the built web. Keywords: pet shop, cat disease reservation and diagnosis, expert system
Sistem Informasi Penjualan Sparepart Alat Berat Excavator Berbasis Web Di Geres Labuhan Haji
Authors: Nopratiwi Yana , Ahmadi Ahwan , Akbar Taufik
Published: February 2025

Sistem informasi terus berkembang deng teknologi komputer yang selalu berubah. Sistem informasi merupakan keberhasilan suatu perusahaan yang dibutuhkan dalam dunia bisnis untuk dapat menjalankan aktivitasnya secara efektif dan efisien. Penjualan sparepart alat berat (excavator) di Lombok Timur tepatnya di Desa Geres Barat Labuhan Haji merupakan toko satu - satunya yang didirikan pada tahun 2022. Toko ini menjual berbagai macam suku cadang (excavator) seperti filter oli, filter solar, oli hidrolik, kuku bucket, gemuk/pelumas, safarator dan lain-lain. Permasalahan pada toko ini masih menggunakan cara konvensional yaitu pembeli harus datang ke lokasi. Selain itu, Media pemasaran masih menggunakan facebook menyebabkan jangkauan penjualan terbatas, dikarenakan tidak semua pembeli menggunakan sosial media. Oleh karena itu, penulis berusaha membangun sistem informasi penjualan berbasis web yang dapat memudahkan para pembeli sparepart excavator untuk melihat dan memesan barang tanpa harus menggunakan sosial media. Dengan adanya sistem penjualan secara online, ini mempermudahkan pengelola dalam melayani pemesanan barang yang dilakukan pembeli pelanggan ataupun dalam mencari sparepart excavator. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi,wawancara dan studi pustaka. Hasil yang didapatkan dari tujuh indikator bahwa persentase kelayakan pengujian kualitas sistem sebesar 61,51% dan hasil dari tiga indikator persentase kelayakan kualitas sistem 76,39% yang didapatkan menggunakan skala likert.Kata Kunci : Penjualan, Sparepart Excavator,Sistem Informasi Penjualan.